bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPACTOS REAIS E/OU POTENCIAIS DA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 NA SAÚDE MENTAL DE IDOSOS
Authors: Pedreira Rhaine Borges Santos , Santos Lucas dos , Vilela Alba Benemérita Alves , Rocha Roseanne Montargil , Boery Rita Narriman Silva de Oliveira
Published: October 2022

A pandemia de COVID-19 e as medidas de controle para conter a disseminação do vírus, como o distanciamento social, trouxeram mudanças à rotina das pessoas, mundialmente. Esse contexto pode gerar impactos adversos para a saúde mental dos indivíduos, especialmente, àqueles em maior vulnerabilidade, os idosos. O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar na literatura os impactos reais e/ou potenciais da pandemia de COVID-19 na saúde mental de idosos. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura com buscas realizadas na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, que utilizou a seguinte estratégia de busca: (Coronavírus OR "Infecções por Coronavirus" OR "Coronavirus Infections" OR COVID-19) AND (idoso OR elderly OR aged) AND ("Saúde Mental" OR "Mental Health"). Foram critérios de inclusão: artigos acessados na íntegra, sem distinção de ano e idioma, indexados até o dia 11 de novembro de 2020; e os critérios de exclusão: artigos com fuga do escopo da pesquisa, revisões de literatura, arquivos multimídia e duplicados. Foram encontrados 241 registros, e após a aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade estabelecidos restaram 27 artigos para discussão. Dentre os impactos reais/potenciais da pandemia de COVID-19 na saúde mental dos idosos, abordados nos estudos, destaca-se a ansiedade, depressão, solidão, estresse, sensação de medo ou pânico, tristeza, suicídio/ideação suicida, e insônia. Apesar disso, considera-se que há uma quantidade ainda escassa de estudos voltados especificamente para a população idosa que permitam aprofundar as discussões sobre esse tema.
AVALIAÇÃO DA EFETIVIDADE DA ESTERILIZAÇÃO POR LUZ ULTRAVIOLETA EM AEROSSÓIS CONTAMINADOS POR SARS-COV-2
Authors: Iwai Pedro Vitor Berchiol , Zardeto Giuliana , Nakagawa Rosangela Nunes Souza , Bocci Fernanda Menchon , Lins Luiz André Nadler , Brito Fernando Garcia , Hartmann Raphael Chalbaud Biscaia , Lozovoy Marcell Alysson Batisti , Diegues Maria Elena Martins
Published: October 2022

O contato direto e a disseminação aérea são os principais mecanismos de transmissão do SARS-CoV-2. Uma abordagem direta para limitar as transmissões virais no ar é inativá-las dentro de um curto período de tempo após sua produção é a luz ultravioleta C (UVC). Neste sentido, o objetivo do presente estudo foi de avaliar a efetividade do uso de luz ultravioleta na esterilização de aerossóis contaminados pelo SARS-CoV-2. Para o estudo foram analisados todos os pacientes que estavam internados na enfermaria COVID com resultados dos swabs positivos. O paciente escolhido para o estudo encontrava-se com resultado positivo e com 8 dias de sintomas. As medições de contaminação da deposição de aerossol na mesa de tomografia foram realizadas em triplicatas, utilizando swabs estéreis com meio de transporte viral. O paciente foi mantido sozinho dentro desta sala por 30 minutos produzindo aerossóis para que pudesse ocorrer contaminação do ar. Após, foram realizadas as medições utilizando a exposição à luz ultravioleta C, coletada nos minutos 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120 e 180, após o paciente ter deixado a sala de tomografia. Esta sequência de medições foram realizadas em 6 dias, sendo o primeiro dia sem a exposição da luz UVC e 5 dias com a exposição da luz UVC. Após a coleta dos dados, foi realizada a análise dos swabs para os resultados através do método RT-PCR. Os resultados encontrados das coletas desde o tempo 0 até 180 minutos foram negativos para os 6 dias de estudo. Os resultados dos swabs do paciente seguiram positivos do primeiro até o último dia de estudo. Sendo assim, conclui-se a efetividade da utilização da luz ultravioleta como uma forma de descontaminação, juntamente com a ação antimicrobiana do desinfetante, pois a ausência do vírus vivo evidencia a importância de cuidados de higienização para evitar a reincidência da contaminação após a limpeza.
CONSIDERAÇÕES ÉTICAS RELACIONADAS ÀS CONDUTAS TERAPÊUTICAS DE PACIENTES TERMINAIS
Authors: Sena Aline Sampaio Rolim de , Domingos João Emanuel Pereira , Nunes Paula Letícia Wendy de Souza , Braga Sara Teixeira , Carneiro Yasmin Ventura Andrade , Correia Lorena Farias Rodrigues , Bezerra Gabriela Duarte , Alencar Rayane Moreira de , Pinheiro Woneska Rodrigues
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Conhecer as considerações éticas relacionadas às condutas terapêuticas das equipes de saúde frente aos pacientes terminais. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório de natureza qualitativa. Realizado no período de dezembro de 2020, através do acesso ao Banco de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES, considerando que este, coordena o Sistema de Pós-graduação brasileiro. Resultados: Foram identificadas seis classes semânticas, de modo que a mesma formulou a seguinte distribuição de contextos temáticos: Classe 1 Paciente terminal; Classe 2 Condutas médicas; Classe 3 Manejo terapêutico; Classe 4 Protocolos clínicos e aspectos metodológicos dos estudos; Classe 5 Dependências metodológicas e Classe 6 Suporte clínico na terminalidade Dependências metodológicas. Discussão: A morte e a vida tornam-se um impasse enfrentado pelos profissionais de saúde, pois existem fatores decisivos na vida de cada paciente em situação terminal com nenhuma esperança de cura, envolvendo assim questões éticas. Conclusão: Portanto, torna-se necessário que as instâncias de saúde assegurem protocolos, treinamentos e aporte psicológicos para esses profissionais que atuam diretamente com pacientes em situações terminais de vida, para que possa haver uma ressignificação do processo de cuidado com pacientes e segurança na tomada de decisões por parte dos profissionais de saúde, e assim possa preservar a ética.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS CASOS DE VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA A MULHER EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA POR COVID-19 EM UM MUNICÍPIO DO SUDOESTE DO PARANÁ
Authors: Padilha Leticia , Menetrier Jacqueline Vergutz , Costa Lediana Dalla , Perondi Alessandro Rodrigues , Zonta Franciele dos Santos Nascimento , Teixeira Géssica Tuani
Published: October 2022

Introdução: A violência contra à mulher é caracterizada especialmente pela desigualdade de gênero, diferença hierárquica, subordinação e pela agressividade do parceiro ou ex-parceiro. Entre os principais subtipos, cita-se; a violência física, psicológica, sexual, patrimonial e moral. Com o surgimento da pandemia de coronavírus em 2020 na tentativa de contenção da doença, medidas protetivas como o isolamento social aumentaram o convívio familiar. Dessa forma, as vítimas de violência passaram a ficar ainda mais tempo expostas aos seus agressores e consequentemente com maiores dificuldades para denunciar os abusos sofridos, pois a prestação dos serviços públicos, instituições de segurança e judiciais também foram restringidas. Objetivo: Caracterizar os casos de violência contra a mulher em tempos de pandemia de coronavírus em um município do Sudoeste do Paraná. Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, documental e transversal com abordagem quantitativa realizada em um município do Sudoeste do Paraná a partir da coleta de dados, por meio das fichas de notificação de violência contra a mulher entre 2019 e 2021. Resultados e discussão: O estudo demonstrou prevalência de notificações no ano de 2019 em mulheres com idade de 12 a 18 anos (27,2%), brancas (71,3%), com ensino médio (21,9%), sendo ainda estudantes (23,1%) ou desempregadas (17,2%), sem companheiro (52,4%), residentes da área urbana (74%), heterossexuais (50,6%), sem possuir algum tipo de deficiência (51,8%). Ao verificar a tipologia da agressão com maior incidência, observou-se a lesão autoprovocada (53,6%) por meio da intoxicação /envenenamento (41,4%). Quanto a violência interpessoal, notou-se que a maioria das agressões foram ocasionadas pelo próprio cônjuge da vítima (12,4%), utilizando da força física (29,3%), salienta-se que o álcool não estava presente na maior parte das agressões. Conclusão:  Evidencia-se a prevalência de violência autoprovocada (53,6%), em adolescentes com ensino médio, brancas, sem companheiro, residentes da área urbana, agredidas em ambiente domiciliar, motivadas por conflitos geracionais, sendo as violências mais incidentes a física por meio de envenenamento/intoxicação. Diante do exposto é importante abordar o fato de que é necessário realizar capacitações com os profissionais de saúde referente a ficha de notificação e orientá-los da importância de preenchê-la de forma correta, para haja a tomada de providências de acordo com cada necessidade.
HÁBITOS ALIMENTARES DE CRIANÇAS DE 2 A 6 ANOS DE UMA ESCOLA COMUNITÁRIA EM TEMPOS DE COVID-19: ESTUDO DESCRITIVO
Authors: Sent Letícia Del , Schultz Lidiane Ferreira , Turmina Juliano , Gonçalves Bianca Tiellet , Czanorbay Sandra Ana
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: identificar o consumo e hábitos alimentares de crianças de 2 a 6 anos de uma escola comunitária em um município no Nordeste do estado de Santa Catarina em tempos de COVID-19, no ano de 2020. Material e método:  estudo transversal, descritivo, quantitativo. Participaram 30 responsáveis legais de crianças de 2 a 6 anos de idade. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre os meses de julho e agosto de 2020. Foi utilizado um formulário eletrônico e os dados obtidos foram analisados, inicialmente, de forma descritiva. Para verificar associação entre IMC, sexo e escolaridade foi utilizado teste Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fischer. Principais resultados: a média de idade das crianças foi de 4,33 anos ±1,30 anos. A amostra consistiu predominantemente do sexo feminino (70,0%), estudantes do período matutino (53,3%) e realizavam as refeições a mesa com a família (56,6%), quanto ao estado nutricional 30,0% apresentavam risco de sobrepeso/obesidade. Ao investigar-se a ingestão de alimentos ultraprocessados, houve associação significativa entre o sexo da criança (p=0,030) e escolaridade dos pais/responsáveis (p=0,030). Conclusão:  torna-se necessário o desenvolvimento de medidas para o monitoramento contínuo do perfil nutricional de crianças e o desenvolvimento de ações interdisciplinares educativas, voltadas à promoção de hábitos saudáveis e à prevenção do excesso de peso, em especial, em momentos de crise, isolamento social e pandemia.
COMPARAÇÃO DE DESFECHOS CLÍNICOS E CORRELAÇÃO ENTRE FUNCIONALIDADE E TEMPO DE VENTILAÇÃO MECÂNICA DE PACIENTES EM UTI
Authors: Ranzani Angélica Félix , Souza Marcela Hilário de , Ferreira Lucas Lima
Published: October 2022

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os desfechos clínicos dos pacientes em suporte ventilatório invasivo por período curto e prolongado e correlacionar funcionalidade e tempo de ventilação mecânica (VM). Estudo documental retrospectivo, realizado na UTI neurocirúrgica de um hospital escola. Dos prontuários clínicos foram coletados: idade, sexo, hipótese diagnóstica de internação, tempo de internação e de VM em dias, o desfecho sucesso ou falha da extubação e o nível de funcionalidade. Os prontuários foram divididos em grupo um (GI): pacientes em VM por até três dias e grupo dois (GII): pacientes em VM por mais de três dias. Foram analisados 210 prontuários, 73% dos pacientes permaneceram menos de três dias em VM. A idade média de GI foi 51,8±15,5 anos e GII 48,7±16,3 anos (p=0,20), prevalência do sexo masculino em GI (59%) e GII (68%). O acidente vascular cerebral foi o diagnóstico mais prevalente no GI (18%) e o tumor cerebral no GII (21%) e hipertensão arterial, a comorbidade mais prevalente em GI (28%) e GII (25%). O GII permaneceu maior tempo (p<0,0001) em VM e internação na UTI que o GI e percentual de sucesso no desmame/extubação menor (p=0,01) que o GI. Não houve correlação significativa entre funcionalidade e tempo de VM em GI e GII (p>0,05).  Os pacientes em suporte ventilatório invasivo por período prolongado evoluíram com maior permanência em VM, maior tempo de internação na UTI e menor taxa de sucesso no desmame/extubação. O tempo de permanência em suporte ventilatório invasivo não interferiu na funcionalidade desses pacientes.
EXCLUÍDOS DAS RELAÇÕES DE CONSUMO: O DIREITO DO CONSUMIDOR E AS CONTRADIÇÕES DA SOCIEDADE DE CONSUMO
Authors: Santos Baruana Calado dos , Assunção Luiza Maria de , Signorelli Naiara
Published: October 2022

Este trabalho, de cunho bibliográfico, visa perquirir criticamente as razões socioeconômicas que levam o direito do consumidor a assumir centralidade nos debates atuais, com a finalidade de ponderar sobre os excluídos da sociedade de consumo. Por meio de um olhar sociojurídico, busca-se compreender a formação da sociedade de consumo, o destaque do direito do consumidor nessa sociedade e o problema dos excluídos socialmente que deixam de integrá-la e, portanto, deixam de obter a tutela desse direito. Destacam-se as contradições da sociedade de consumo capitalista, que ao mesmo tempo que gera, por um lado, a demanda por consumidores, o que requer a sua proteção por meio do direito, por outro lado, produz a pobreza impossibilitadora de qualquer prática de consumo e de cidadania.
A PATOLOGIZAÇÃO DA INFÂNCIA NA SOCIEDADE CONTEMPORÂNEA: REFLEXÕES SOCIOLÓGICAS E JURÍDICAS FRENTE À MEDICALIZAÇÃO DA VIDA INFANTIL
Authors: Assunção Luiza Maria de , Santos Baruana Calado dos , Oliveira Isis Peralta de
Published: October 2022

Neste artigo objetiva-se refletir sobre a recorrência da medicalização da infância e os seus impactos a partir da sociologia e da saúde coletiva. Objetiva-se, também, verificar se a prática judiciária tem agregado à prevenção desse fenômeno, tendo em vista a proteção à saúde e à vida, estabelecidas no Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente. A discussão foi desenvolvida mediante literatura especializada, com base nos conceitos de disciplina e docilização dos corpos de Michel Foucault. É um problema que revela o descaso em relação às singularidades dos sujeitos e a patologização de seus comportamentos, bem como o fortalecimento de uma sociedade extremamente disciplinarizada e adoecida que não consegue aceitar as diferenças. Para a investigação da prática judiciária, foi realizada pesquisa jurisprudencial preliminar, a partir do que se verificou que há indícios, ainda que poucos, da abertura do judiciário para recomendações internacionais e domésticas que visam à diminuição da medicalização infantil.
The Role of the League of Education in the Formation of the pedological Movement.
Authors: Kreitsberga Karina Andrisovna
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study is to reconstruct the interaction of the League of Education with the pedological community, which will reveal its role in the formation of pedological experience, subsequently applied in the 20-30s of the XX century in the USSR. The subject of the study is a community created by the League of Education and implementing pedological experiments in the educational space of the beginning of the century. The author pays special attention to the results of the League of Education on the example of Petrograd. The connection between the scientific heritage of the members of the Society and the use of these materials in the later period of the existence of the pedological movement, after 1917, is revealed. The paper analyzes the projects of the League of Education on the radical transformation of the school space, taking into account social and historical aspects. The period of existence of the pedological current before 1917 has been little studied in a historical way. The same should be noted regarding the study and analysis of the activities of the League of Education. This organization is described in most sources in several general paragraphs. The novelty of the research lies in the development and analysis of archival materials related to the organization and activities of the League of Education (the study was conducted on the basis of documents of the Central State Administration of St. Petersburg, TsGIA St. Petersburg, TSGAIPD St. Petersburg). The League of Education played a significant role not only in the analytical study of the educational space, the accumulation of pedological experience, the search for leading pedagogical developments, but also in the replication of these materials. The activities of the organization and its societies were widely covered in publications. Despite the successful and productive activities, the government refused the League of Education. And this is primarily due to the political context, from which, initially, according to the Charter of the organization, members of the society had to be abstracted. The specialists in question in the study continued their work in other institutions and created the foundation of Soviet pedology.
Liquid Column Separation Due to Fluid Hammer Occurrence in Propellant Lines
Authors: Lema Marcos , Gosset Anne , López Peña Fernando , Steelant Johan
Published: October 2022

When a pressurized liquid enters a pipeline with a closed end and under vacuum conditions, the resulting liquid front suddenly is brought to rest at the end of the pipe. This type of flow configuration is found in propulsion systems of satellites during priming operation and induces a fluid hammer followed by a column separation, generating a multiphase gas/vapor bubble. This paper aims at explaining the column separation mechanism by solving the momentum equation for the liquid column moving in the pipeline when column separation occurs and by applying the integral form of the conservation principles to expansion and compression waves within the flow. The resulting model provides the velocity and position of the liquid front during column separation. Thus, the size and duration of the multiphase bubble can be determined, and the variables involved in the process are identified, which helps the analysis of applications where this complex phenomenon is involved. It is shown that the initial velocity of the liquid front during column separation is the main parameter, which itself is a function of the fuel tank pressure and the fluid hammer pressure rise. The comparison of the predictions with experimental data shows an excellent agreement.
Genetic structuring of parental populations of coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner) breeding in Côte d’Ivoire using SNP markers
Authors: Gnapi Diane Estelle , Pokou Désiré N’Da , Legnate Hyacinthe , Dapeng Zhang , Akaffou Doffou Sélastique , Koffi Kouamé Cyrille , Bertrand Benoît , Montagnon Christophe , N’Guetta Assanvo Simon-Pierre
Published: October 2022

Description. Coffee cultivation plays an important economic and social role in Côte d'Ivoire. Among the dozens of Coffea species, only Coffea canephora, also known as robusta, is grown in the country. The genetic improvement of this species has been the subject of a selection program set up by the National Center for Agronomic Research (CNRA). This program involves two basic genetic groups, Guinean and Congolese. These groups have been determined using enzymatic markers which are known to be less informative. So little is known about the reliability of the genetic structuring of the parental populations. Objectives. The objective of this work is to refine the genetic structuring of the parental populations used to set up the C. canephora breeding program in Côte d'Ivoire using SNP markers and to relate this structure to test values in the genotypes concerned. Method. Sixty-six individuals representing parental genotypes of the two populations were analyzed using 200 SNPs markers. The parameters of genetic diversity were calculated and then the genetic structure was determined. The yield over four years of production, susceptibility to rust, and bean size have been evaluated. Results of these agronomic traits have been included in this analysis. The Guinean genotypes were crossed with a Congolese tester named 464 and the Congolese individuals were crossed with a Guinean tester 410, for assessing their combining ability. Results. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that 75% of the total variation was due to variation between populations. Bayesian classification and Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) structure the 66 genotypes into two main groups of Guineans and Congoleses. While the Guinean group appears to be homogeneous, the Congolese group is split into four subgroups of SG1, SG2, B and C. Maximum test values are found for the SG1 and SG2 subgroups. The Guinean group showed lower performance. It is important in this group to select the best progenitors. Conclusions. SNP markers were effective in genetic structuring of the population. This study also allows the identification of a genotype that was not determined. The use of this set of markers will be useful for the control of future progenitors. The same genetic progress can be achieved by crossing SG1 or SG2 with a good Guinean male. It seems important to make a selection among the Guineans before crossing them with a Congolese tester.
Adaptation of grass agroecosystems under European changing climate
Authors: Благовещенский Г. , Штырхунов В. , Тимошенко С.
Published: October 2022

Данные материалы базируются на аналитической оценке результатов исследований, представленных на 26-м Генеральном собрании Европейской федерации луговодов, состоявшемся в Норвегии в 2016 году. Климатические изменения и их влияние на луговые травяные системы от Средиземноморья до северных регионов Европы стали одной из центральных проблем, рассматриваемых на форуме. В то время как продуктивность систем Средиземноморского региона становится из-за засухи всё более ограниченной, системы в северных регионах могут оказаться в более благоприятных условиях, хотя возникает ряд особенностей, касающихся возможностей их использования, которые связаны с удлинением вегетационного периода, влиянием избыточного увлажнения и др. В обоих регионах климатические изменения приведут к модификации ежегодных продукционных циклов, которая потребует адаптации сельхозтоваропроизводителей к режиму заготовки кормов и использования пастбищ. Агроэкосистемы с включением бобовых могут реагировать на повышение содержания углекислого газа лучше, чем многие другие культуры. Селекционные усилия должны быть направлены как на улучшение растений с целью повышения устойчивости к абиотическим стрессам, так и на адаптацию к новым сезонным изменениям и системам управления, обеспечивающим продуктивность.

The information of this paper is based on analytical evaluation of the results, presented at 26th General Meeting of European Grassland Federation, taken place in 2016. Climate change and its influence on grassland systems from Mediterranean to Northern Europe received a considerable attention at the meeting. While productivity of Mediterranean ecosystems reduces due to drought, northern vegetation may happen to be under more favorable conditions. However the number of new aspects appears, which are related to grass utilization under longer growing season, excessive humidity etc. In both regions climate change will result in modification of annual production cycles, requiring adjustment of farmers to regimes of fodder preparation and grassland cultivation. Agroecosystems, containing legumes may respond to the increase of carbon dioxide better than other crops. Breeders must focus on development of crops, having higher resistance to abiotic stress as well as crop adaptation to new seasonal changes and management systems, responsible for productivity.
Novel ultrahard sp2/sp3 hybrid carbon allotrope from crystal chemistry and first principles: body-centered tetragonal C6 ('neoglitter')
Authors: Matar Samir F. , Solozhenko Vladimir L.
Published: October 2022

A novel ultrahard carbon allotrope, body-centered tetragonal C6 (space group I-4m2) presenting mixed sp2/sp3 carbon hybridizations is proposed by crystal chemistry approach and studied for the ground state structure and stability (both dynamic and mechanical) using density functional theory calculations. Given that C4 tetrahedra in-plane stacking with corner-sharing and connected out-of-plane with C–C trigonal carbon, a close relationship with so-called 'glitter', hypothetical dense carbon network devised ~30 years ago, is established, so we named the new allotrope 'neoglitter'. 'Neoglitter' is characterized by large bulk and shear moduli and very high hardness, and its metallic-like electronic structure is assigned mainly to the itinerant role of trigonal carbon π-electrons.
Global Reactivity Models are Impactful in Industrial Synthesis Applications
Authors: Neves Paulo , McClure Kelly , Verhoeven Jonas , Dyubankova Natalia , Nugmanov Ramil , Gedich Andrey , Menon Sairam , Wegner Jörg
Published: October 2022

Artificial Intelligence is revolutionizing many aspects of the pharmaceutical industry. Deep learning models are now routinely applied to guide drug discovery projects leading to faster and improved findings, but there are still many tasks with enormous unrealized potential. One such task is the reaction yield prediction. Every year more than one fifth of all synthesis attempts result in product yields which are either zero or too low. This equates to chemical and human resources being spent on activities which ultimately do not progress the programs, leading to a triple loss when accounting for the cost of opportunity in time wasted. In this work we pre-train a BERT model on more than 16 million reactions from 4 different data sources, and fine tune it to achieve an uncertainty calibrated global yield prediction model. This model is an improvement upon state of the art not just from the increase in pre-train data but also by introducing a new embedding layer which solves a few limitations of SMILES and enables integration of additional information such as equivalents and molecule role into the reaction encoding, the model is called BERT Enriched Embedding (BEE). The model is benchmarked on an open-source dataset against a published synthesis focused BERT method showing a 20-point improvement in r2 score. The model is fine-tuned and tested on an internal company data benchmark, and a prospective study shows that the application of the model can reduce the total number of negative reactions (yield under 5%) ran in Janssen by at least 34%. Lastly, we corroborate the previous results through experimental validation, by directly deploying the model in an on-going drug discovery project and showing that it can also be used as a reagent recommender due to its fast inference speed and reliable confidence estimation.
Surface Sites and Ligation of Amine-capped CdSe Nanocrystals
Authors: Cao Weicheng , Yakimov Alexander , Qian Xudong , Li Jiongzhao , Peng Xiaogang , Kong Xueqian , Copéret Christophe
Published: October 2022

The conversion of colloidal nanocrystals (NCs) into various applications is usually facilitated by designing and controlling their surface properties. A key strategy for tailoring surface properties is to modulate surface ligands. Amines, as L-type ligands, have been universally introduced into various surface modifications, promoting NCs synthesis, processing and performances. However, a full understanding of the nature of the amine-capped NCs surface has yet to be established, due to several challenges, such as the presence of various surface, subsurface and bulk sites along with the presence of surface dynamic. In this work, we addressed the issue on CdSe NCs, looking at both NC surface sites and the ligation of amine based on the combination of 113Cd, 77Se and 15N NMR spectroscopy, respectively. In particular, dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) enhanced 113Cd and 77Se NMR allowed acquisition of high quality 1D spectra, thus enabling the identification of bulk and surface sites on different facets. Amines terminated sites on both Se-rich facets and nonpolar facets were resolved by 113Cd 2D NMR spectroscopy, augmented with density function theory (DFT) calculations. In addition to directly bonding to surface sites, amines interaction through hydrogen-bonding with absorbed water and carboxylate surface ligands were further revealed by 15N NMR. The insight into the complexity of amine-capped CdSe NCs surface and the characterization methodology developed in this work is an important step towards rational design, assessing surface modification as well as improving the processing of colloidal NCs towards their exploitation in various applications.
Catalytic dinitrogen reduction by earth-abundant lanthanide complexes
Authors: Lam Francis , Wong Anthony , Trinh Michael , Kelly Rory , Rao Guodong , Britt David , Arnold Polly
Published: October 2022

New man-made routes to convert atmospheric nitrogen into amines for fertilizer or advanced fuel cycles would ideally avoid the high temperatures and pressures that the Haber–Bosch process uses to fix half of the dinitrogen used worldwide. Furthermore, routes that operate at ambient conditions are also desirable for remote applications. In attempts to mimic nature, metal complexes from the d-block of the periodic table have long been targets for the nitrogen reduction reaction (N2RR), with hundreds of N2-bound compounds reported, but only a handful of catalysts made. Even now, N2 binding to an f-block complex is considered rare. Here we report simple catalysts made from earth-abundant members of the f-elements that can catalyze the N2RR reaction at ambient conditions. Moreover, their molecular shape enables us to tune for production of either bis- or tris- substituted amines. These results suggest new catalytic applications for f-block ions that are as abundant as copper, and less toxic than iron.
Operando characterization and theoretical modelling of metal|electrolyte interphase growth kinetics in solid-state-batteries - Part I: experiments
Authors: Quérel Edouard , Williams Nicholas J. , Seymour Ieuan D. , Skinner Stephen J. , Aguadero Ainara
Published: October 2022

To harness all the benefits of solid-state battery (SSB) architectures in terms of energy density, their negative electrode should be an alkali metal. However, the high chemical potential of alkali metals makes them prone to reduce most solid electrolytes (SE), resulting in a decomposition layer called an interphase at the metal|SE interface. Quantitative information about the interphase chemical composition and rate of formation are challenging to obtain because the reaction occurs at a buried interface. In this study, a thin layer of Na metal (Na0) is plated on the surface of a SE of the NaSICON family (Na3.4Zr2Si2.4P0.6O12 or NZSP) inside a commercial XPS system whilst continuously analysing the composition of the interphase operando. We identify the existence of an interphase at the Na0|NZSP interface, and more importantly, we demonstrate for the first time that this protocol can be used to study the kinetics of interphase formation. A second important outcome of this article is that the surface chemistry of NZSP samples can be tuned to improve their stability against Na0. It is demonstrated by XPS and time-resolved electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) that a native Na3PO4 layer present on the surface of as-sintered NZSP samples protects their surface against decomposition.
SARS-CoV-2 Epitope Presentation by Class II HLA Genotypes Common in North American Populations: A Proposed Computational Approach for Vaccine Efficacy Evaluation
Authors: Leclair Laura , Polychronakos Constantin
Published: October 2022

Background: Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) gene polymorphisms between ethnic groups have been shown to play a role in the heterogeneity of response to SARS-CoV-2, in terms of COVID-19 disease severity and susceptibility, in addition to socioeconomic factors. It was predicted that this finding may extend to vaccine responsiveness.
Purpose: To the best of our knowledge, this study was the first that aimed to predict and evaluate the effectiveness of four COVID-19 vaccines across North American ethnic groups, in terms of their ability to trigger CD4+ T cell help, based on class II HLA allele frequencies.
Methods: Various databases including the Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) were used in this computational approach. The number of peptide-HLA high-affinity pairs between the most common HLA II haplotypes and SARS-CoV-2 peptides in various vaccine types were retrieved and compared between ethnicities. From this, the efficiency of antigen presentation to CD4+ T cells was evaluated, a crucial component in the context of vaccination for cellular immunity and support in antibody generation.
Results: Multiple discrepancies in vaccine effectiveness for ethnic minorities relative to the Caucasian group, overrepresented in vaccine clinical trials, were highlighted. Recommendations were issued in terms of which vaccine types could be most effective for particular ethnicities.
Conclusion: There exists a genetic basis for differential responses to vaccines among ethnic groups in North America. However, given the multifactorial nature of vaccine responsiveness and limitations of computational methods, this study offers future research directions to undertake before the findings can be transferred to clinical and public health settings.
TALE E QUALE, OR NOT REALLY?
Authors: Giacomuzzi Anastasja
Published: October 2022

In November 2020, on the Italian national television broadcast Tale e quale show (TQS), participant Sergio Muñiz imitated Tunisian-Italian rapper, Ghali, with a performance that received backlash from Ghali himself because of its use of blackface. This is not the first time that blackface was used on  TQS, but the first time that it was used to imitate an Italian artist. In this paper, I analyze what implications this performance has from the perspectives of Cultural Studies, History, and Critical Race and Ethnic Studies. I argue that the performance invokes Mediterranean Whiteness to differentiate North-Mediterranean populations from their racialized South-Mediterranean ‘Others’.
OPTIMALISASI NILAI ILUMINASI DENGAN SKYLIGHT DAN MATERIAL TRANSPARAN UNTUK BANGUNAN DERET-BERTINGKAT PADA RUKO GAIA DI AYODHYA, ALAM SUTERA, TANGERANG
Authors: Devina D Felisitas , Mandala Ariani
Published: October 2022

Abstrak - Bangunan deret-bertingkat seperti ruko (rumah-toko) memiliki permasalahan dalam mengakomodasi kebutuhan pencahayaan alami akibat tipologi bangunan yang linear, keterbatasan untuk membuat bukaan samping, dan terdiri dari dua lantai atau lebih. Tipologi bangunan demikian menghasilkan distribusi cahaya yang tidak merata, terutama pada bagian tengah ke belakang bangunan dan lantai-lantai selain lantai teratas.

Salah satu upaya untuk memasukkan cahaya alami atau daylight ke dalam bangunan ruko yang bentuknya memanjang adalah dengan menggunakan bukaan atas (top lighting). Namun keberadaan bukaan atas pun tidak memungkinkan untuk menerangi lantai selain lantai teratas dari bangunan ruko akibat terhalang permukaan lantai. Material transparan seperti kaca memungkinkan transmisi cahaya yang lebih tinggi daripada material opaque, sehingga dengan menggunakan material kaca dapat meningkatkan iluminasi pada ruang di balik kaca tersebut.

Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk mengkaji kesesuaian tingkat iluminasi pada desain pencahayaan alami Ruko Gaia terhadap nilai Daylight Factor (DF), Spatial Daylight Autonomy (sDA), dan Annual Sunlight Exposure (aSE) sesuai standar BREEAM dan IES LM-83-12, mengkaji pengaruh  perubahan posisi skylight-tangga dan penggunaan material transparan pada bidang lantai-tangga terhadap tingkat iluminasi, serta melakukan optimalisasi desain untuk meningkatkan nilai DF sesuai standar yang digunakan.

Penelitian diawali dengan melakukan evaluasi pada desain pencahayaan alami Ruko Gaia. Dengan melakukan simulasi alternatif, kemudian akan dilakukan pengkajian pengaruh perubahan posisi skylight-tangga dan penggunaan material transparan pada bidang lantai-tangga terhadap tingkat iluminasi. Apabila tingkat iluminasi yang dihasilkan belum mencapai standar yang ditentukan, dilakukan optimalisasi dengan pengingkatan nilai Visible Light Transmittance (VLT) atau penambahan dimensi skylight.

Metode yang digunakan adalah metoda kuantitatif berupa evaluasi desain perencanaan dan simulasi alternatif. Teori-teori maupun data Ruko Gaia dikumpulkan dari studi literatur, website, brosur, maupun pihak agen properti, serta pengolahan data simulasi dengan software SketchUp dan Lightstanza. 

Berdasarkan evaluasi, tingkat iluminasi pada Ruko Gaia belum memenuhi standar BREEAM dari nilai DF dalam kondisi langit overcast, terutama pada lantai dasar. Berbagai studi alternatif menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa walaupun meningkatkan nilai DF, perubahan posisi tangga-skylight dan penggunaan lantai-tangga transparan belum menghasilkan nilai DF yang sesuai standar BREEAM. Optimalisasi nilai DF dapat dicapai dengan meningkatkan nilai VLT atau memperbesar dimensi skylight.

 

Kata Kunci: bangunan deret-bertingkat, pencahayaan alami, daylight, skylight, material transparan, tingkat iluminasi, Daylight Factor
PENGARUH DESAIN DINDING SUSUNAN BATA BERONGGA SEBAGAI SELUBUNG BANGUNAN TERHADAP KENYAMANAN TERMAL RUANG KELAS SEKOLAH ALFA OMEGA TANGERANG
Authors: Alfred Aritonang Dickinson , Yusnita Nugroho Nancy
Published: October 2022

Abstrak - Sekolah Alfa Omega merupakan sebuah sekolah yang memiliki desain merespon alam. Strategi desain dibuat sedemikian sehingga secara konsep desain, menjawab permasalahan iklim di tempat sekolah itu dibangun. Berlokasi di area yang memiliki iklim tropis, dengan lebih spesifiknya area rawa dan persawahan, membuat iklim di sekitar tempat tersebut terasa kurang nyaman dengan temperatur udara yang cukup tinggi dan tingkat kelembapan udara yang berada di atas tingkat kenyamanan termal untuk beraktivitas. 

Sekolah tersebut didesain dengan melakukan pengolahan pada kulit bangunannya. Raw Architect selaku pihak yang mendesain sekolah ini, memilih material bata dengan alasan utama mengangkat lokalitas yang berada pada kawasan tersebut. Selain itu, dengan menggunakan material bata sebagai bagian dari elemen arsitektural di dalam bangunan tersebut, maka mereka dapat seminimum mungkin menciptakan jejak karbon, yaitu emisi dari kegiatan manusia yang dalam waktu lama akan menimbulkan dampak negatif kepada alam, dimana ini berarti mereka dapat menciptakan desain yang tidak hanya mengangkat lokalitas tetapi juga ramah lingkungan. 

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat apakah pengaruh dari dinding dengan susunan bata berongga dalam desain selubung bangunan ruang terhadap kenyamanan termal yang coba dibuat di dalam desain Sekolah Alfa Omega.Penelitian merupakan penelitian dengan jenis evaluatif – eksperimental dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan cara mendeskripsikan keadaan dan kondisi baik dari segi arsitektural, maupun segi kenyamanan termal yang ada lalu dibandingkan dengan teori mengenai kenyamanan termal secara umum dan secara lebih khusus sebagai sebuah sekolah. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara tidak langsung melalui media komputer, internet, serta program simulasi untuk melakukan pengukuran tingkat kenyamanan termal pada Sekolah Alfa Omega. 

Hasil dari penelitiannya adalah pemahaman akan bagaimana pengaruh dari dinding dengan susunan bata berongga sebagai sebuah selubung bangunan dalam menanggapi iklim yang ada di daerah tersebut, sehingga dapat dipahami bagaimanakah kemampuan dari dinding ban dalam selubung ruang dalam mencapai kenyamanan termal yang dapat mendukung aktivitas di dalamnya sebagai sebuah sekolah. Dan apabila ditemukan ketidaknyamanan termal pada aplikasi material tersebut sebagai selubung bangunan, maka akan dicari cara untuk mengoptimalkan kualitas termal nya dengan teori-teori dan eksperimen simulasi.

 

Kata-kata kunci: Kenyamanan termal, selubung bangunan, dinding berongga, sekolah
Body of Matter - Physical Representations of Anatomical Data
Authors:   , Robb Isabella
Published: October 2022

This research explores how emerging technologies can transform medical data from 2-dimensional visualisations, into highly intricate and tactile 3D-printed objects. By migrating scientific data through a bitmap printing process, a range of novel outcomes are presented. Body matter is transformed into forms which explore visualisation methods, aesthetic objects, and personalised products. The resulting physical outcomes examine how anatomical qualities hidden within the human body can be visually represented in a design context.
Chronic diseases of veins of the lower extremities and pelvis. Clinical and practical recommendations
Authors: Board Editorial
Published: October 2022

Chronic diseases of veins of the lower extremities and pelvis. Clinical and practical recommendations
¿SEGURIDAD SIN FRONTERAS, SEGURIDAD EN ABSTRACTO? TENDENCIAS EN EL ESTUDIO DE LA CIBERSEGURIDAD Y LA CIBERDEFENSA
Authors: TORRIJOS RIVERA VICENTE , JIMÉNEZ SALCEDO DANIEL
Published: October 2022

Si bien la tecnología digital aporta importantes beneficios económicos y sociales a gran parte de la población, cuestiones como el acceso des- igual a la Internet, la falta de un sistema mundial de gobernanza de la tecnología y la inseguridad cibernética plantean un riesgo importante para la seguridad internacional. La falta de una gobernanza tecnoló- gica mundial y la presencia de puntos ciegos de seguridad cibernética aumentan el riesgo de fragmentación del ciberespacio y de reglamen- tos tecnológicos que compiten entre sí. Todo esto nos lleva a decir que vivimos en un mundo sin fronteras en términos de ciberseguridad. De- bido a esta alarmante situación, trataremos de identificar los princi- pales desafíos de la ciberseguridad, los cuales representan un riesgo alarmante para la paz y la seguridad internacionales. En primer lugar, será abordada la amenaza que suponen los ciberataques, la ciberpri- vacidad, la ciberdelincuencia y la ciberguerra. Luego se hará énfasis en los riesgos y la resistencia sistémicos, la “seguridad de las cosas/ security of things” y la protección de las infraestructuras críticas. Final- mente, se propone un análisis de las nuevas reglas de colaboración y las implicaciones de las cuestiones de ciberseguridad en el derecho in- ternacional. Todo esto se hará teniendo en cuenta la situación política internacional;
ANTÁRTICA CHILENA. DISCUSIONES EN TORNO A LA PLATAFORMA CONTINENTAL Y LA GEOPOLÍTICA AUSTRAL
Authors: Manazno Iturra Karen , Jiménez Cabrera Diego
Published: October 2022

Durante los últimos años, el continente antártico ha sido objeto de intereses, tanto científicos como de política exterior y geopolíticos. En este contexto, Argentina ha divulgado un mapa que incluye la plataforma continental extendida, adjudicándose una serie de territorios australes que afectan claramente los intereses chilenos y su proyección antártica. Bajo estas condiciones, el establecimiento de un nuevo choque de representaciones y de intereses en torno a la plataforma demuestra una vocación por los recursos naturales, el posicionamiento frente a sus competidores más cercanos y una nueva controversia de espacios marítimos ya desatada. En el presente trabajo, analizaremos la plataforma continental en tanto problema geopolítico, así como algunos escenarios futuros para Chile, en los cuales Argentina y Gran Bretaña son competidores.
THE NUCLEAR ORDER UNDER STRESS
Authors: Labbé Villa Alfredo
Published: October 2022

The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) has been labelled the cornerstone of the global nuclear non-proliferation regime and an essential foundation for the pursuit of nuclear disarmament. However, through its reaffirmation of the inalienable right to peaceful uses of nuclear energy, the treaty encompasses the main elements of the nuclear phenomenon, the most pressing ones being the need to rid humanity of nuclear weapons while preventing the emergence of new nuclear-armed states. As such, the NPT constitutes a beacon for the advancement of international peace and security understood not just as the mere absence of war and conflict, but an underlying global condition enabling cooperation for the economic, social and cultural development of humankind. Disturbingly, the deterioration of the international political environment due to great -and regional- power competition and the increased pugnacity displayed by some states to pursue their national interests have raised the risk of nuclear confrontation and increased the danger of further nuclear and conventional proliferation, putting the nuclear order at risk. We posit that such risk and dangers require diplomatic action from non-nuclear weapon states (NNWS) concerting efforts in every multilateral fora but, particularly, the United Nations.
UCRANIA: OBJETIVO GEOPOLÍTICO DE RUSIA
Authors: Villagra Massera Héctor
Published: October 2022

Este trabajo tiene por objeto presentar en forma resumida diversos antecedentes relacionados con la Guerra de Ucrania. Para lo cual es fundamental mencionar aspectos históricos, las características del escenario, recursos naturales, población e idiomas, la condición soberana de Ucrania, operaciones militares desarrolladas, los objetivos de carácter geopolíticos que persigue Rusia al invadir a este país vecino y las implicancias que podrán observarse dependiendo de los resultados de este conflicto que se está convirtiendo en una compleja situación geopolítica para Europa y el Mundo.

Debe tenerse presente que se escribe durante el desarrollo de la guerra, debido a lo cual se continuará efectuando investigación y análi- sis, con respecto a esta situación, teniendo presente a los futuros acontecimientos.
Synthesis, structure and photoluminescence properties of a Cd2+ complex of a pyridine-bis-benzimidazole ligand
Authors: Kose A. , Bal M.
Published: October 2022

In this work, a seven-coordinate Cd2+ complex of a tridentate pyridine-bis-benzimidazole ligand (L1) was prepared and structure of the complex was characterized by FTIR and single crystal XRD studies. The X-ray crystallographic data revealed that Cd2+ binds to a tridentate benzimidazole ligand and two nitrate anions (NO3-) (bidentate fashion). The crystal structure of the Cd2+ complex was stabilised by π-π stacking and C-H·····ONO2 interactions. The complex showed intense blue emission in the solutions in the range of 350-500 nm.
First record of the Sparkling-tailed Hummingbird (Tilmatura dupontii, Trochilidae) for Sierra de Huautla Biosphere Reserve, Morelos, Mexico
Authors: Valenzuela-Galván David , Mariano Nestor A. , Osorio-Berinstai Marcela , Urbina Fernado
Published: October 2022

Primer registro de colibrí cola pinta (Tilmatura dupontii, Trochilidae) para la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Huautla, Morelos, México.En agosto de 2005 observamos y fotografiamos un macho de colibrí cola pinta (Tilmatura dupontii) que forrajeaba sobre flores del arbusto Hamelia patens (Rubiaceae). Esta observación representa el primer registro de esta especie en la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Huautla, en el sur de Morelos, México, ca. 50 km al sureste de registros anteriores en Morelos.
El búho cara oscura (Asio stygius), nuevo registro para la avifauna del estado de Querétaro, México
Authors: Monroy-Ojeda Alan , Pedraza-Ruiz Roberto
Published: October 2022

Reportamos el primer registro del búho cara oscura (Asio stygius) para el estado de Querétaro. El registro corresponde a un individuo que fue herido y decomisado en el municipio de Landa de Matamoros, en el interior de la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra Gorda. Esta observación refuerza la hipótesis de una distribución extendida de A. stygius a través de la parte septentrional de la Sierra Madre Oriental.