bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
X-ray Diffraction Method for Estimating Temperature of Vesuvianite Crystallization
Authors: Panikorovskii T. L. , Yakovenchuk V. N. , Krivovichev S. V.
Published: April 2024

The article provides an empirical method to use the number of violating reflections for the P4/nnc space group to estimate the formation temperature of different polytypes (P4/nnc, P4/n and P4nc) of vesuvianite group minerals. For this purpose, a statistical approach based on an instrumentally investigated 197 samples of vesuvianite group minerals was used. As an example, the results of the study of a number of vesuvianite group samples from skarnoids of the Kovdor alkaline massif are considered. Crystal and chemical limitations of the proposed approach which associate with chemical composition and kinetics of crystallization of vesuvianite group minerals are also discussed.
Pseudobrookite from Active Fumaroles of the Tolbachik Volcanic Massif (Kamchatka). Chemistry of Pseudobrookite-Group Minerals and Its Indicator Role
Authors: Sandalov F. D. , Pekov I. V. , Koshlyakova N. N. , Ksenofontov D. A. , Zhegunov P. S.
Published: April 2024

For the first time there is characterized pseudobrookite from deposits of active volcanic fumaroles Arsenatnaya and Yadovitaya of the Tolbachik volcanic massif (Kamchatka). Chemical composition of pseudobrookite-group minerals and isomorphism in these oxides of different origin were studied on the base of 203 analyses (literature data and original analyses of 40 samples) from 44 localities. It is shown that at the near-surface levels pseudobrookite crystallized mainly with composition chemically close to the end-member Fe\(_{2}^{{3 + }}\)TiO5. It is known that lunar rocks contain only minerals of the “ferropseudobrookite” Fe2+Ti2O5 ‒ armalcolite MgTi2O5 series characterized by an intermediate value of the Fe2+:Mg-ratio, the highest Ti content and the absence of Fe3+. Impact minerals and there technogenic analogues are chemically close to Fe2+Ti2O5. Pseudobrookite from Tolbachik fumaroles is characterized by the high Al content (up to 7.1 wt % Al2O3), a stable level of Cu (up to 1.8 wt % CuO) and Sn (up to 1.8 wt % SnO2) admixtures, and, sporadically by the small admixture of Sc (up to 0.3 wt % Sc2O3). Cu and Sn admixtures are indicative features of the pseudobrookite of this genetic type. These elements usually are incorporated into pseudobrookite together, according to the isomorphic scheme Sn4+ + Cu2+ → 2Fe3+, which is revealed for the first time for minerals of this group. Pseudobrookite of Tolbachik fumaroles was formed participating the process of gas–metasomatic alteration of basalt at temperature 500–750 °С. Presumably, Cu and Sn were brought by volcanic gas, while basalt was a source of Ti, Al and Sc; for Fe a source could be mixed.
Stochastic Parameters of Flash Floods Formation in the North of the Black Sea Coast
Authors: Kuksina L. V. , Beljakova P. A. , Golosov V. N. , Zhdanova E. Ju. , Ivanov M. M. , Gurinov A. L.
Published: April 2024

Abstract—Flash floods are one of the most dangerous hydrometeorological events all over the World. In the current paper stochastic parameters of flash floods formation are studied on the basis of data on flash floods in 1990–2021 in the small river basins of the Caucasus and Crimea Black Sea Coast. The main factor of flash floods formation is heavy rain, but in some cases its occurrence could depend on critical combination of various factors. Flash floods are usually formed in summer-autumn period in the studied region with the maximum of observed events in August. They are characterised by very rapid water level rise of about 1.2–1.3 m/h. Sediment yield during one flash flood could be compared with mean annual values. Statistical analysis of precipitation long ranges demonstrates probability of more often flash floods occurrence in the region in comparison with observed events.
Landscape Invariants–Order Parmeters of a Dynamic System
Authors: Baibar A. S. , Puzachenko M. Yu. , Sandlersky R. B. , Krenke A. N.
Published: April 2024

The article considers theoretical and methodological substantiation of identifying invariants problem in nonlinear dynamic systems. Invariance in context of stable spatio-temporal structures in a landscape was proposed by V.B. Sochava in 1961. The accumulation of long-term series of landscape observations by means of multispectral imaging made it possible to identify invariants in practice. An analysis of Landsat multispectral measurements from 1987 to 2022 for the southern taiga landscape (Central Forest State Nature Biosphere Reserve) shows that invariants identified as order parameters primarily determine total aboveground vegetation biomass, the water content in vegetation and soils, and the intensity of photosynthesis, i.e. bioproduction process. The proposed scheme for analyzing time series of remote sensing data makes it possible to assess landscape cover at the time of survey with respect to invariants and to identify the main control parameters that determine changes in environmental conditions and self-development of geosystems. The assessment of vegetation and relief contribution to formation of invariants structure was made to reveal invariants physical meaning. The results showed that relief has little effect on order parameters, and vegetation cover make the greatest contribution to invariant structure formation. Since invariants make it possible to identify the most stationary states, they can be used to solve applied problems in agriculture and forestry, as well as in the assessment of various ecosystem services.
Rewetting of Disused Drained Peatlands and Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Authors: Sirin А. А. , Medvedeva M. A. , Itkin V. Yu.
Published: April 2024

Drained peatlands are a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere. When abandoned, they become the most likely sites of peat fires. An effective way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and prevent peatland fires in disused drained peatlands is through rewetting and wetland restoration. These can make significant contributions to the implementation of the Paris Climate Agreement within the Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry sector and, ultimately, to climate change mitigation. An approach for estimating greenhouse gas emission reductions following rewetting, applicable to national and regional accounting, as well as to specific rewetting projects, is presented. It includes a methodology for determining effectively rewetted areas that can be considered wetlands, the application of IPCC greenhouse gas emission factors to said sites, and an uncertainty assessment. Starting from 2020 the Russian Federation National Report of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gasses not controlled by the Montreal Protocol utilised this approach in its inclusion of rewetted peatlands. An assessment of greenhouse gas emission reductions is presented using the example of a 1500 ha section of a peatland within the Fire Hazardous Peatland Rewetting Programme in Moscow Oblast (2010–2013). CO2 emission reductions were cumulatively 33.4 thous. t by 2022 (taking into account nitrous oxide fluxes, dissolved organic carbon removal and increased CH4 emissions—20 thous. t CO2-eq.) and are projected to reach almost 113 (68) thous. t by 2050. Greenhouse gas emission reductions not yet included as well as possible ways of accounting for them in the future are also noted.
Multi-Scale Analysis and Modelling of Spatial Heterogeneity of Income Distribution in Foreign Countries
Authors: Gladkiy A. S.
Published: April 2024

The article deals with the level of socioeconomic development and regional inequality within the territories of countries around the world. The evaluation of the socioeconomic development of countries is proposed by calculating the indicator of gross regional product per unit area. Calculation and mapping of socioeconomic features are provided by the indicator of GRP per sq. km. The analysis of relative GRP per sq. km indicates that the countries of the world can be classified as developed and developing not only by the level of socioeconomic development, but also by the nature of regional inequality. It has been established that the relative GRP distribution is more gradual in developed countries, while developing countries tend to have a high concentration of economic resources in capitals. The calculation of the geographical generalization ratio indicates that for many developed countries (the USA, European countries) the greatest increase in information on the heterogeneity of space occurs at the upper scale level, while for most of the studied developing countries (China, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina) the largest increase is at the lower scale levels. Calculation of the spatial autocorrelation model made it possible to establish the differences between developed and developing countries in terms of the nature of spatial inequality: based on the difference between real and modelled values of spatial autocorrelation. The proposed method of spatial analysis of the distribution of indicators of economic well-being using the methods of spatial statistics can act as an alternative to the criteria traditionally accepted in the economy for determining the developed and developing countries of the world.
Dynamics of the Ethiopian Religious Landscape during Democratic Transition
Authors: Zakharov I. A.
Published: April 2024

The article defines the patterns of development of the Ethiopian religious landscape in the context of a significant expansion of religious freedoms that began after 1991. The country’s population censuses for 1994 and 2007 were used as the statistical base of the study. It contains information on the religious affiliation of the population of Ethiopia as a whole and its administrative-territorial units up to the Woredas–the 3rd level of administrative units. The directions of shifts in the distribution of followers of the country’s largest faith-groups (Orthodox, Muslim, Protestant, ethnic religions) were determined based on the types of religious composition of the population. This allowed us to reveal the features of the Ethiopian religious landscape with a high level of detail. The defined trends in the development of the Ethiopian religious landscape are reflected in the maps illustrating the dynamics of the types of confessional structure of the woreda population for 1994 and 2007. Based on cartographic information, the author determined the patterns of reconfiguration of the geospaces of the largest faith-groups in the country, that provoked an increasing polarization in the Ethiopian religious landscape. Determined that the religious structure of the population of the regions dominated by Orthodox Christianity, Islam, and Protestantism has become more homogeneous, while the main direction of the development of their geospaces was their expansion towards the capital of Ethiopia. As a result, specific spatial structures, such as frontiers, were formed. The intensification of religious competition in Ethiopia, which until recently was considered the “standard” of peaceful inter-communal relations in Africa, was accompanied by the growth of religious and ethnoreligious conflicts. It is established that it was partly due to the change in the religious structure of the urban population, resulted from a sharp increase in the proportion of Protestants and Muslims. Ethiopia faced the growing involvement of religious organizations in socio-political processes against the background of the aggravation of religious competition and interethnic rivalry. This contributed to the strengthening of centrifugal tendencies in the political life of Ethiopia, which have serious implications, for instance the unbundling of several administrative-territorial units in the southwestern and central parts of the country.
Geographical Science in PRC: History and Recent Developments
Authors: Chubarov I. G.
Published: April 2024

The article is an overview of the history of development and the current state of geographical science in China. The relevance of the work relates to the ongoing reorientation of Russia’s international scientific relations under the influence of the geopolitical crisis. Over the past decades, Chinese geography as a branch of knowledge has gone through a significant transformation, closely related to the dynamics of the country’s development. China’s outstripping economic growth in recent decades has been accompanied by significant government investments in strengthening the national scientific and educational system. This made it possible to strengthen the material and technical base and create a personnel and organizational reserve for internationalization. In modern China, there are such sections of geography as complex, physical, social, and informational. Topics related to climate, human settlement, the study of loess, mountainous and arid regions, urbanization, urban and regional planning, and industrial clusters are popular. The main feature of Chinese geographical research is the widespread use of quantitative and remote research methods, including in the study of social and international problems. Chinese geographers have made significant progress in studying the evolution of the environment in the Quaternary period using loess and glacial data, studying the East Asian atmospheric circulation, and zoning the territory, including carrying out functional zoning. However, local experts are alarmed by the growing divergence of various branches of geography, the lack of comprehensive and theoretical research. The article also provides background information about the main geographical organizations, journals, and scientists. The center of geographical science is Beijing, where the head institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) is located, as well as two leading geographical faculties. In addition to the capital, the cities of Nanjing, Lanzhou, Shanghai, Guangzhou, etc. stand out. Geographical specialties are taught at 44 universities in China. There are 12 geographical research institutes operating in the country, seven of them are part of the CAS system. A unified network of field stations has also been created. Number of geographical journals more than 20, including several English-language ones. The department of earth sciences of the CAS includes 138 academicians, of which 10+ are geographers. The Geographical Society of China plays a major role with 30+ subdivisions and regional-level commissions at every Chinese province.
Spatial Structure of Nizhny Novgorod Urban Agglomeration in 2019–2021
Authors: Mikhaylov А. А. , Polyan P. M.
Published: April 2024

The article sheds light to the transformations that took place in the spatial structure of the Nizhny Novgorod urban agglomeration in 2019–2021 during the coronavirus pandemic. The identified changes are analyzed in the context of two concepts: urban shrinkage and spatial resilience. Particular attention is paid to micro-level changes in the spatial distribution of the day and night population aggregated by anonymized data from cellular operators. According to the results, spatial structure of the Nizhny Novgorod urban agglomeration is characterized by a relatively high level of resilience to the negative effects of the pandemic, which can be explained by the complex nature of its structure as a system and the potential ability to redistribute negative effects. One of the key reactions of the spatial structure of both daytime and nighttime population was the significant increase in microlevel polarization. It has especially strongly affected public and business and mixed zones, as well as large housing estates. An increase in polarization was observed in the central zones of cities (including in the core of the urban agglomeration). There is a trend towards differentiation of low-density residential suburbs. As a result, it is postulated that the changes that have taken place in the urban spatial structure can be named a special form of “agglomerational shrinkage,” which is not accompanied by a decrease in the population of the agglomeration, but severely increases internal spatial disproportions.
Methods of Technical Protection of Goods and Packaging from Counterfeiting, as well as the Issue of Professional Errors in the Investigation of Physical Evidence
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University, Kiev, Ukraine, Pavlovska Nataliia , Myrovska Anna ,   National Academy of Internal Affairs, Kiev, Ukraine, Nesen Olha ,   National Academy of Internal Affairs, Kyiv, Ukraine, Patyk Lesia ,   National Academy of Internal Affairs, Kiev, Ukraine, Kofanova Olena ,   National Academy of Internal Affairs, Kiev, Ukraine
Published: April 2024

This article discusses the technical issue of protecting goods and packaging from counterfeiting. And the issue of professional and forensic errors during the research of material evidence is investigated.
Innovative Composite Material with Pseudo-Porous Structure
Authors:   Laboratory of Experimental Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nechaev Denis
Published: April 2024

This article will discuss a new generation of composite material, patented by scientist Nadezhda Iushkina and which is a new technology in many areas of application. The article will reveal the main characteristics of the material as well as ways of its use.
Further Development of Innovative Applications Based on the Inverse Piezoelectric Effect
Authors: Panarin Igor
Published: April 2024

As practice has shown, piezoelectric motors operating on the basis of the principles of the inverse piezoelectric effect can become the basis of the latest automation and precision mechanics systems, as well as innovative lighting technology. The main interest of designers is the possibility of building systems and configurations related to precision and small-sized stepper motor systems based on the inverse piezoelectric effect. As the requirements for precision and weight reduction of such engines become more stringent, including due to a reduction in overall dimensions, more and more options and technical solutions based on the integrated use of special composite materials are being offered as the base material for building the elements and structures of such engines.
The Contribution of Subsistence Agriculture to the Livelihoods of the Smallholder Farmers in South Kivu Province, Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Zenda Za Begani Arthur-Josué Nyatemu , Orach-Meza Faustino L. , Barakagira Alex
Published: April 2024

Subsistence agriculture is practiced in most parts of the world on a limited space of land by farmers. It is mainly dependent on human power that results into production of food consumed at household level, with little or no surplus for sale. A study about the contribution of subsistence agriculture to the livelihoods of the smallholder farmers in south Kivu province was carried out. A total of 303 smallholder farmers were randomly selected and interviewed to examine the effects of practicing subsistence agriculture on the socioeconomic status of the farmers. How the socioeconomic status attained by the farmers influenced their sustainable livelihoods was also assessed. Data were analyzed using means, frequency distribution, correlation, ANOVA and Chi square test. Thematic analysis was done on qualitative data. The farmers practiced shifting and primitive agriculture, intensive subsistence, and nomadic herding. There was a significant difference in the yields of crops grown (F = 0.0088; P = 0.05), while education and income status significantly affected the farmer’s socioeconomic status by practicing subsistence agriculture (P < 0.05). An average mean value of 3.12 for the components of the farmers’ livelihoods were exhibited, with the human capital mean value being highest (4.16) compared to natural, social and financial capital. The socioeconomic status attained had a significant effect on sustainable livelihoods of the farmers at P < 0.05. This implies that the smallholder farmers need to be trained by the agricultural extension workers better and sustainable methods of farming for higher crop yields. In addition, the Central Government though the Ministry of Agriculture, should avail improved seed inputs to the local community for better crop yields. All these will enable the smallholder farmers improve their socioeconomic status and at the same time attain higher sustainable livelihoods.
Професійна підготовка вчителів природничої освітньої галузі до експериментальних досліджень у закладах загальної середньої освіти
Authors: Засєкіна Тетяна , Трускавецька Ірина
Published: April 2024

У статті проаналізовано важливість і необхідність використання експериментальних досліджень у процесі забезпечення освітнього процесу предметів/інтегрованих курсів природничої освітньої галузі.Розглянуто актуальні тенденції, спрямовані на виявлення низьких результатів і мало зацікавлених учасників національного мультипредметного тестування із природничих предметів (біології, хімії, фізики). Ознайомлено із працями науковців, які розкривають різноманітні підходи до використання експерименту в освітньому процесі. Проаналізовано модельні навчальні програми для учнів базової школи. Наведено приклади експериментальних досліджень («Дим без вогню», «Визначення забарвлення води», «Вплив лікарських препаратів на ріст і розвиток рослин» тощо), які використовуються у процесі професійної підготовки майбутніх учителів за ОПП «Середня освіта (Біологія та здоров’я людини)» та «Середня освіта (Природничі науки)» Університету Григорія Сковороди в Переяславі. Доведено ефективність використання методів експериментального дослідження (спостереження, досліди, експерименти, моделювання тощо) з метою підвищення якості освіти в галузі природничих наук, розвитку критичного мислення, творчих навичок та практичних умінь здобувачів освіти. Розроблено рекомендації щодо вдосконалення освітніх програм професійної підготовки вчителів, спрямованих на забезпечення їхньої готовності до використання експериментальних методів у викладанні природничих предметів у закладах загальної середньої освіти. Запропоновано включити до освітніх програм природничої освітньої галузі такі навчальні дисципліни, як «Експериментальні дослідження природничої освітньої галузі», «Експериментальні підходи у навчанні природничих дисциплін», «Техніка шкільного експерименту природничих дисциплін», «Хімія харчових продуктів» тощо.
Design features and work efficiency of mini potato diggers
Authors:   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Holovetskyi Ivan , Babii Andrii ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the study is to identify the main approaches to the construction and design features of machines and tools used to dig potatoes in the areas of small farms in order to improve p125 otato harvesting equipment and theoretically justify its design and technological parameters. Particular attention is focused on the processes of diggingand separation of the tuberous layer. The statistical analysis of the areas where potatoes are grown in Ukraine is carried out, specific shares of production of this crop in subsistence farms of the population are established. In accordance with the value of the treated areas, the technique by which the technological assembly operation is carried out is outlined. For samples of potato harvesting minitechnics, its functional and constructive efficiency was analyzed. The ability of potato diggers to dig a tuberous layer of soil, its primary and main separation using different types of working bodies is characterized. Emphasis is placed on the work efficiency of such equipment on weed-clogged soils. As a result, it is outlined that it is promising to develop a potato harvesting minicombine or other potato digger capable of fully or partially accumulating the collected potatoes in boxes or other containers, excluding the laying of fruits on the surface of the field. The implementation of such an idea is possible under the condition of qualitative separation of the buried tuberous layer and minimal clogging of tubers with lumps of soil, plant remains, rhizomes etc. Therefore, there is a serious issue of increasing the efficiency of separation at all stages of the movement of the digged tuberous layer for the structures of simple mini-diggers above that are aggregated with low-power energy tools. The limitation here is the relatively short path of movement of the tuberous layer between the planes of the digging and separating working elements. Also the effectiveness of the separation of soil and foreign residues depends on the possibility of collecting seeds in certain containers. The implementation of this idea will significantly reduce the complexity of the harvesting operation of potatoes as a whole. This will give significant advantages to such a machine on the market in terms of its competitive attractiveness compared to analogues.
Justification of the optimal scheme of bulk cargo transportation during interaction of different types of transport
Authors:   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Babii Maria , Dzyura Volodymyr ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Babii Andrii ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Rozhko Nataliia ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Valiashek Volodymyr ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University
Published: April 2024

In agricultural production technologies, a significant share in the cost of the final product belongs to transport processes. Such operations include the transportation of bulk material, for example grain seeds from warehouses to dryers on elevators with their subsequent storage. Since the volume of traffic is large, the task of developing optimal routes is very relevant. The efficiency of its solution depends on the savings of the manufacturer. The mathematical model of the transport problem was built in the work, on the basis of which a transport matrix was formed for transporting bulk cargo from warehouses to elevators. A technique is presented. It allows the researcher to correctly impose restrictions and write down the expression of the objective function in order to find the optimal solution. The essence of the problem is to determine the optimal route for transporting grain material from warehouses to elevators at the lowest cost of the transport process. The warehouses have a limited capacity of loading facilities in their interaction with trucks and taken into account the ability to take certain volumes of cargo by elevators, which are limited by the capacity of dryers. The problem of linear programming is solved using the Microsoft Excel program, where solutions for the best and worst transportation options are obtained when taking into account the restrictions imposed. According to the constructed general mathematical model of the transport problem, a transport matrix was formed for a specific task of transporting bulk cargo from warehouses to elevators. As a result of the solutions, two solutions were obtained. According to the first option of solving the optimization problem, the values of the volume of transportation from warehouses to the corresponding elevators are established: from warehouse No. 1, 40 tons should be shipped within hours to elevator No. 1 and 40 tons to elevator No. 2; from warehouse No. 2 – 20 tons to elevator No. 2 and 60 tons to elevator No. 3. Under such conditions, the cost of transportation of the specified volume of cargo (160 tons) will have the lowest cost and will be 890 standard units. According to the second, the most expensive option, the cost of transportation will be 920 standard units and there will be the following distribution: from warehouse No. 1 – 40 tons to elevator No. 1 and 60 tons to elevator No. 2; from warehouse No. 2 – 60 tons to elevator No. 3. Having received such results, you can always make the right decision to ensure high economic efficiency of the transportation process in any branch of the national economy.
Supply chain management – evaluation of models and methods
Authors:   Flight Academy of the National Aviation University, Khachaturyan Olena
Published: April 2024

A study of models and methods of supply chain management was conducted. In an ever changing business conditions, the need has been identified for adapting existing and creating new mechanisms in logical stick. An overview is presented and an analytical assessment of models, methods and concepts used in supply chain management in modern conditions. Generalization of the experience of leading experts made it possible to conditionally divide the models and methods used in logistics into general scientific and special ones. Special models and methods are modeling tools that are designed and effectively applied to solving such logistics problems as problems of managing logistics infrastructure objects (object modeling) and tasks of managing logistics flows and processes (process modeling). The optimal approach to supply chain regulation is substantiated. The most current model for restoration the normal mode of operation of supply chains is the Quick Response model, which is based on immediate action taken when delivery dates change; the model is being implemented into digital platforms to actively track cargo status and possible delays. In conditions of lack of information, it is proposed to use analytical methods, including mathematical models, and various auxiliary tools for solving assigned problems. The prospects for applying a multimodal approach to the regulation of supply chains, «green» logistics reengineering, models and methods of supply chain management based on the introduction of digital technologies: block chain, as well as the creation of an information platform in which the main objects of supply chains will be involved are explored. A draft European electronic certificate is being considered cleaning, designed to reduce the time costs of finding logistics operators; digital Cargo Stream platform, which is an aggregator for ordering logistics services. The key features of «green» logistics reengineering, based on the unification of the mechanism for selecting raw materials and the use of reusable containers, have been identified.
Main aspects of third party logistics activities in modern transport realities
Authors:   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Rozhko Natalia , Slobodian Liubomyr ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Matviishyn Anatolii ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Babii Mаria ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Mironov Dmytro ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University
Published: April 2024

The article substantiates the aim of responsible transport logistics, which consists of the delivery of goods on time with minimal investment of labour and material resources. The level of responsibility is considered at each step of shipment of goods from the producer to the consumer. 4 stages of effective transport logistics are offered by the authors. It has been established that at the first stage it is crucial to formulate the tasks clearly for its solution by logistics in business; the second stage is analysing of the Best Practices in the researched field - the study of competitors’ logistics, the study of available information; the third stage is the development of a specific action plan of the transport enterprise; the fourth is the introduction of improvements after the first results of the work.
Functional portrait of a gear hydraulic machine
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Pidhaietskyii Mykhailo , Shcherbyna Kyryl ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Kyrychenko Andrii ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Hodorodozha Viktor ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Dzhus Tetiana ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: April 2024

Increasing the efficiency of the functional performance of various mechanisms, including hydraulic gear pumps and motors, is one of the most important issues in the development of mechanical engineering. Special attention should be paid to the indicators of the volume flow rate and the torque. One of the ways is to study the mutual influence of the output parameters of the hydraulic gear machine. Some of the main parameters that determine the functional performance of a gear hydraulic machine are volume flow, power and torque, which in turn form the overall efficiency. It is necessary to create a functional portrait in order to determine the influence of these indicators on the overall efficiency and to improve the efficiency of the gear hydraulic machine. The resulting functional portrait will make it possible to determine the indicator for optimizing the operation of a gear hydraulic machine, both in pump mode and in motor mode. In turn, it will allow us to combine correlations with each other. In order to obtain the optimal indicators for building a functional portrait, a scheme for diagnosing a gear hydraulic machine in the pump-motor mode has been developed. An algorithm for its operation has been presented. As a result of the construction of a functional diagram of a gear hydraulic machine in pump mode, it was found that its operation has no inertia and its parameters are stable and dependent on the dimensional diagram. The orientation of the end bearings occurs during operation in pumping mode under frictional, sliding and dynamic conditions, which ensures improved sealing. On the other hand, the functional portrait of a gear hydraulic machine in motor mode has a zone of inertia, which can be stable or not, depending on the starting moment. Also, on the basis of the obtained functional portrait, it can be assumed that the probable cause of the failure of the gear pump and the motor during the acceptance tests may be the insufficient study of their interdependencies at the stage of development of the design documentation.
Construction of the electricity consumption model of the compressor station of the enterprise for the production of dairy products
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Tretiak Vladyslav , Yatsun Volodymyr ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Petrova Kateryna ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Savelenko Ivan ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Kotysh Andrii ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: April 2024

Maintaining a stable power supply for industrial facilities in modern conditions, especially in the context of war and energy instability, is critically important. Highlighting the need to forecast electricity consumption and develop effective models to manage energy efficiency at the country level is a key step in solving this problem. One of the control components of energy efficiency management processes is the ability of the actual level of energy efficiency. The purpose of this study is to build a model of the power consumption of the compressor station of the enterprise for the production of dairy products in order to assess the actual level of its energy efficiency The considered approaches to modeling and analysis of electricity consumption based on mathematical modeling and statistical methods confirm the relevance and potential effectiveness of such strategies. The approach used in the study to analyze electricity consumption at industrial facilities, in particular the application of regression analysis, is promising for forecasting and optimizing energy efficiency at enterprises of various profiles. The constructed model of power consumption of the compressor station at the enterprise for the production of dairy products is an important basis for ensuring the appropriate level of energy efficiency of the industry. The results of the analysis of the electrical balance and the use of statistical analysis methods, in particular the regression approach, confirm that productivity is the main factor that determines the level of electricity consumption. The proposed mathematical model makes it possible to effectively forecast electricity consumption based on equipment parameters. Graphical comparison of actual and calculated indicators confirms the accuracy of the model and its possible use for optimizing energy efficiency at industrial facilities.
Compatibility of material components in civil engineering
Authors:   Western Ukrainian National University, Dziadykevich Yuriy , Popovych Pavlo ,   Western Ukrainian National University, Vitroviy Andriy ,   Western Ukrainian National University, Rozum Ruslan ,   Western Ukrainian National University, Chorna Olha ,   Western Ukrainian National University, Zakharchuk Olena ,   Western Ukrainian National University, Halysh Nataliya ,   Western Ukrainian National University, Tsidylo Zoriana ,   Western Ukrainian National University, Shok Kateryna ,   Western Ukrainian National University
Published: April 2024

The work highlights the problem of thermodynamic and kinetic compatibility of components in the creation of fire-resistant and strong composite materials in civil construction. The works of leading domestic and foreign scientists on this problem are analyzed. The kinetics of the interaction of temperature, pressure, structural features, the degree of compactness of the material and the external environment are considered. Areas of practical application of solid-phase reactions are indicated. Attention is paid to the protection of refractory materials from high-temperature gas corrosion. The compatibility of the boride coating with refractory metals was investigated. The interaction of titanium diboride with iron and its alloy was studied. It has been proven that iron alloys are promising for their use as a basis for composite materials. The laws of the compatibility process of components during the development and operation of high-temperature materials in civil engineering were studied. The main factors influencing the compatibility of components during thermodynamic solid-phase processes of creating composite materials are highlighted. Recommendations are given for the selection of the metal base and strengthening oxide, taking into account the affinity of the base metal and the oxide former for oxygen. The solid-phase interaction and solubility of materials at high temperatures were studied. Methods of obtaining composite materials using incompatible components are given. The results of the conducted experiments indicate that the strongest grafting of the coating with the base is achieved when an intermediate layer is formed between them, which is formed as a result of diffusion or chemical interaction. It should be noted that the chemical interaction is effective only if the new reaction products are accumulated in the transition layer and have properties that agree with the properties of the coating and the base, and also have high strength. Matching the properties of the coating and the base can be achieved by selecting the coating application mode, using activators or reaction retarders, and creating intermediate layers with similar properties.
Integrating artificial intelligence into the work of an educator: Tools for instructional design and development of educational products
Authors: Toktarova V. I. , Rebko O. V.
Published: April 2024

The introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) into education has become one of the most controversial innovations of our time. On the one hand, end-to-end digital technologies are already firmly embedded in production practice, and employers are increasingly looking for employees who can work with neural network technologies. On the other hand, educators face several negative phenomena when students use AI. The lack of reliable statistical data on the positive impact of AI on the quality of education also causes concern.In the article, the authors explore the possibilities of using intelligent tools and services at various stages of educational product development. The leading role of instructional design as the main methodological tool for improving the quality of education and effective integration of AI is noted. The modern definitions of the concept of “instructional design” are analyzed, its general characteristics are derived, and the most common models of its implementation are described. The stages of creating an educational product are described, and the content of each of them is revealed from using the functional capabilities of AI tools. The peculiarities of intellectual services application are illustrated by the example of the development of the course “Project Activity Management” for the first-year undergraduates at the profile “Digital Pedagogy” of Mari State University. Queries for analyzing the needs of the target audience, formation of the training course thematic plan, creation of training materials, implementation of the course in practice are proponed. For these and other tasks, AI tools and services are selected. It is concluded what actions should be taken in the professional education area to accelerate its technologization and reduce risks from the use of intelligent digital technologies. The authors conclude that instructional design is highly relevant and the practice of introducing AI in its implementation is spreading
El sur de Jalisco. De cara al siglo XXI
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Macías Macías Alejandro
Published: April 2024

La región sur de Jalisco es muy representativa tanto del estado como del occidente de México, es un territorio rico en recursos naturales, historia y cultura. La irrupción del capitalismo global del siglo XXI ha impuesto nuevos retos a los habitantes del sur de Jalisco, quienes ahora buscan adaptarse a estas nuevas circunstancias para obtener de ellas el mejor beneficio posible e impulsar su desarrollo sobre bases integrales y sustentables. Los trabajos presentados en este documento muestran diversas acciones en ese sentido, por parte de personas, empresas e instituciones de la región.
Evaluación del estado nutricio
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Altamirano Martínez Martha Betzaida , Arellano Sandoval Lucina Sarahí , Arias López Jessica Gabriel , Badillo Camacho Nayeli , Barrón Gallardo Carlos Alfredo , Bernal Orozco María Fernanda , Betancourt Núñez Alejandra , Carrera Quintanar Lucrecia Susana , Castro Mata Pilar Carolina , Copado Águila Sergio Alejandro , Cordero Muñoz Aida Yane , Corona Romero Alejandra María , Espinel Bermúdez María Claudia , Espinosa Cuevas María de los Ángeles , Fernández Ballart Joan Domenech , Flores Vázquez Ana Silvia ,   Universidad de Guadalajara, Gaytán González Saúl Alejandro , González Estévez Guillermo , González Gómez Montserrat , Grover Baltazar Gabriela Alejandra , Hernández Castellanos Elizabeth , Hernández Corona Diana Mercedes , Herrera Jiménez Laura Elena , Ibarra Ortega Anel , Jiménez Alvarado Juan Antonio , León Estrada Sandra Elizabeth , Macedo Ojeda Gabriela , Márquez Herrera Roxana Michel , Márquez Sandoval Yolanda Fabiola , Martín del Campo López Fabiola , Miranda Alatriste Paola Vanessa , Moreno Salinas Violeta Guadalupe , Navarro Padilla Mayra Lizeth , Orellana Haro Mariana Cecilia , Razo García Christian Aspacia , Rodríguez Echevarría Juan Robert , Rodríguez Rocha Norma Patricia , Rodríguez y Villaseñor Mariana , Sánchez Hernández Karen Victoria , Sierra Ruelas Erika , Torres Reyes Daniel Ulises , Valencia de León Andrea , Villarreal Rentería Andrea Isabel , Viramontes Hörner Daniela , Vizmanos Lamotte Barbara , Yareni Zúñiga Laura
Published: April 2024

La prevalencia de enfermedades como sobrepeso, obesidad, diabetes, cáncer y afecciones cardiovasculares enfatiza la necesidad de promover una educación de alta calidad en la formación de profesionales de la salud, como lo son los estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Nutrición. Para lograr esto, una de las competencias más importantes a desarrollar es la evaluación del estado nutricional y el establecimiento de un diagnóstico claro. Esta obra transita por los aspectos generales de este proceso de evaluación, donde se incluyen antecedentes relacionados con la alimentación, antropometría, exámenes físicos y datos bioquímicos, entre otros. Es una herramienta útil, didáctica y de consulta que brinda la información y las prácticas necesarias para dominar las particularidades de la evaluación nutrimental.
Reestructuración curricular para programas educativos en ciencias de la salud. Metodología y enfoque en competencias profesionales integradas
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Muñoz Valle José Francisco , Cuevas Álvarez Leobardo , Elicerio Conchas David , Flores Bravo Juan Francisco , Hernández Bello Jorge , Panduro Espinoza Beatríz Verónica
Published: April 2024

Este libro es un recurso metodológico que tiene como objetivo guiar la reestructuración curricular de programas educativos de pregrado en ciencias de la salud, enfocándose en competencias profesionales integradas. Está diseñado para apoyar a los Comités Consultivos Curriculares (ccc) a fin de que desarrollen planes y programas de estudio que respondan a las demandas sociales y contextuales, así como a los avances tecnológicos en las ciencias de la salud y la educación. El texto se basa en el Modelo Educativo CUCS 2021. Puesta a Punto, que se fundamenta en teorías como el constructivismo social, la teoría de la complejidad y el enfoque crítico-reflexivo. Además, está alineado con los propósitos del Plan de Desarrollo Institucional 2019-2025, Visión 2030 de la Universidad de Guadalajara, que promueven la innovación, la transferencia de conocimientos, el emprendimiento y una cultura universitaria basada en el respeto y la paz. Este documento busca facilitar el trabajo de los ccc, pues está elaborado con base en los requerimientos del Reglamento General de Planes de Estudio de la Universidad de Guadalajara y tomando en cuenta las recomendaciones de la guía para la revisión de programas de pregrado presentada por la Unidad de Transformación Curricular de la Coordinación General Académica y de Innovación de la Universidad de Guadalajara, así como los lineamientos metodológicos generados en procesos anteriores de reestructuración.
Project Management Office Motivation Instruments
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Petrenko Taras O.
Published: April 2024

The modern project management environment is becoming more and more volatile under the influence of exogenous and endogenous factors. The key factor in this context is motivation, which has the potential to increase its application in project management. The aim of the article is to analyze the motivation strategies that can be implemented by the project management office to increase the success of projects. The importance of motivation in the context of project management is considered, with an emphasis on how motivational strategies can affect the productivity and effectiveness of teams. The importance of the project management office in the development of team motivation to achieve success in project management in conditions of increased volatility of the business environment is emphasized. According to McKinsey, 37% of situations leading to the failure of a project are due to changes in its goals, which directly or indirectly affects motivation. Various methods of motivation used by the project management office, including intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and their impact on the behavior of employees are considered. Attention is paid to the psychological aspects of motivation, the role of cultural and individual differences. Particular attention is paid to the use of metrics for quantitative project management, which provides a more structured and objective approach to evaluating and improving various aspects of the project, including motivation. An analysis of the importance of creating a favorable environment for motivation and the use of a strategic approach to the implementation of motivational strategies is carried out. The proposed research can be useful for professional analysts and researchers, companies, non-profit organizations and authorities who seek to strengthen the motivation component of the project management office. Prospects for further research include the development of a KPI system taking into account the main organizational goals and, on the basis of their construction, a motivation system by the project management office.