bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Modality Selection among Incident US Dialysis Patients
Authors: Stack Austin G.
Published: April 2021

Few studies have comprehensively addressed the association of social factors and elements of pre–end-stage renal disease (ESRD) care with the selection of dialysis modality. This study examines the relative contribution of demographic, medical, social, pre-ESRD, and geographic factors to modality assignment among new ESRD patients. Data were collected from the Dialysis Mortality and Morbidity Wave 2 Study, a national random sample of 4025 patients in 1996 and 1997. In multivariate analyses, the selection of peritoneal dialysis (PD) over hemodialysis (HD) was significantly associated with younger age, white race, fewer comorbid conditions, and lower serum albumin. Greater use of PD was seen in patients who were employed, married, and living with someone before the start of ESRD and in those who were more autonomous and more accomplished educationally. Patients referred earlier to a nephrologist (>4 mo versus ≤4 mo) and seen more frequently by a nephrologist (≥2 visits versus <2 visits) in the pre-ESRD period had greater PD use. Of the factors listed, 25% of the variability (R2) in PD use was explained by demographic (4.1%), comorbid (1.2%), social/pre-ESRD (14.5%), and geographic (5.2%) factors. This study identifies several clinical, social, and pre-ESRD factors with the selection of PD, and it underscores the importance of patient education, autonomy, and a strong social support system in improving rates of PD use in the United States. As pre-ESRD patient care is an important contributor to PD use in the United States, greater efforts should be expended in improving its delivery earlier in the pre-ESRD period.
Sınıf Öğretmenlerinin Çocuk Edebiyatına Yönelik Tutumlarının Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: SÖNMEZ Muhammet , DURMAZ Mücahit , TOPÇAM Abdurrahman Baki , ÇETİNKAYA Fatih Çetin
Published: April 2021

Bu araştırma, sınıf öğretmenlerinin çocuk edebiyatına yönelik tutumlarını ortaya koymak için tasarlanmıştır. Araştırma, 268 kadın 132 erkek olmak üzere 400 sınıf öğretmeni ile birlikte yürütülmüştür. Çalışma grubu, salgın sürecinde araştırmanın gerçekleştirilebilmesi adına kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemiyle belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri Karagül (2020) tarafından geliştirilen “Çocuk Edebiyatına Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. Ölçek, salgın sürecinde sınıf öğretmenlerine ulaştırabilmek için dijital ortam için yeniden tasarlanmıştır. Mevcut anket formu sosyal medya araçları kullanılarak sınıf öğretmenlerinin yer aldığı gruplarda paylaşılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri, gönüllü sınıf öğretmenlerinin katılımıyla altı günlük süre içerisinde toplanmıştır. Veriler SPSS programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Veri analizi sürecinde Mann Withney U testi ve Kruskal Wallis testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda sınıf öğretmenlerinin çocuk edebiyatına yönelik tutumlarının yüksek olduğu, cinsiyet değişkeninin sınıf öğretmenlerinin çocuk edebiyatına yönelik tutumlarını etkilediği, öğrenim düzeyi ve meslekî kıdeme göre öğretmenlerin çocuk edebiyatına yönelik tutumlarının değişmediği ortaya çıkmıştır.
The Walls Have Ears: Accessing Participant Narratives amid Silence, Secrecy, and Mistrust
Authors: Mengistu Brittney Shanel
Published: April 2021

Eritreans have long been considered a close-knit community bound by the memorialisation of history and the preservation of cultural practices. My anthropological enquiry into the everyday experiences of mental distress among diasporic women revealed that the depth of their exclusivity was a response to the continual and unsystematic surveillance of the Eritrean state. Government spies targeted outspoken critics, either forcing them into exile or pushing them into perpetual silence. In this essay, I explain how the perceived looming presence of secret agents created widespread mistrust and pervasive silence that complicated relationship-building among diasporic women. I then describe how negative perceptions of the term ‘mental health’ required an alteration of my lexicon and methodological approach, revealing the embodiments of silence and distress in everyday interactions. By reflexively and critically engaging with women’s everyday experiences, silence emerges as a central theme in my work, eventually becoming a conceptual anchor that has helped me understand and connect with a politically silenced diaspora. Through these ethnographic encounters, the complexities of the social, cultural, and political interactions gave meaning to simple utterances.
Comparative Explorations Of Human-Poultry Relationships, Pandemic Preparedness and the Search for Viral Epicentres
Authors: Thompson Rebekah Grace
Published: April 2021

In this book review, I compare three timely ethnographies that critically explore the topics of human–poultry relationships, avian influenza, and global health. I start the review by considering how the three authors, each located in a different context, approach these topics by drawing upon distinct methodological and theoretical frameworks. I then show how these approaches shape the way in which the authors discuss three separate concepts: preparedness, experiments, and viruses. I conclude that, whether read independently or together, these books illustrate the power of ethnographic research in exposing the distinctive ways that people envisage the relationships between human and non-human lives and the implications of such distinctions for disease control.
Disciplinary Limits
Authors: Editorial Collective MAT
Published: April 2021

Editorial for the April 2021 issue.
A study to determine age at menarche in adolescent school girls of Indore city, M. P. India
Authors:   M.B.B.S., M.D. Physiology, Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, MGM Medical College, Indore, MP – 452001, India, Solanki Dr. Sunita , Soni Dr. Ajay ,   M.B.B.S., M.D. Physiology Demonstrator, Department of Physiology, MGM Medical College, Indore, MP – 452001, India, Randa Dr. Vesti ,   M.B.B.S., M.D. Physiology, Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, MGM Medical College, Indore, MP – 452001, India, Choudhary Dr. Ramkrishna ,   M.B.B.S., Post Graduate student 3rd year, Department of Physiology, MGM Medical College, Indore, MP – 452001, India
Published: April 2021

Background: Menarche is a significant milestone in women's life. It affects the reproductive healthand well being of women. This study aims to find out the age at menarche of adolescent girls ofIndore city and its relation to various factors. Method: This was a cross-sectional study conductedin six schools of urban areas of Indore city the study group included 492 school girls of age 11 to 18years. After taking written informed consent from the parents, data was collected on the date ofbirth, family size, birth order, dietary intake, social-economic status, menarcheal age.Anthropometric measurements were done and data was analyzed. Results: Mean age at menarchewas found to be 13.2+1.24 years. It was found to be significantly associated with socioeconomicstatus, BMI and birth order. Conclusion: The mean age at menarche in this study is comparable tothat found in other Indian studies. It is found to be significantly associated with BMI andsocioeconomic status of the girls
Long-term results of treatment for patients with locally advanced external ear skin cancer
Authors: Mudunov A. M. , Khazarova E. G. , Bolotin M. V.
Published: April 2021

The study objective is to assess long-term results of treatment for patients with locally advanced external ear skin cancer.

Materials and methods. This research work based on a retrospective and prospective analysis case history for patients with locally advanced external ear skin cancer. These are 45 patients, who received treatment in surgical department of head and neck tumors in Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology between 1994 and 2020. Patient observation time averaged 30.0 ± 32.3 months (from 0.7 to 117.4 months, median 12.0 months). We divided patients into 3 groups depending on treatment methods. Group 1 consisted of patients who received combined or complex treatment (33.3 %, n = 15). Treatment for first group patients involved subtotal, lateral temporal bone resection or incomplete lateral resection and postoperative radiation therapy on the area of primary tumor and regional metastasis zone (total focal dose from 60 Gy). In the case of complex treatment, radiation therapy had carried out against background cisplatin introduction. The second group consisted of patients who received only surgical treatment (40.0 %, n = 18). Temporal bone resections were not performed for patients of the third group (26.7 %, n = 12). Treatment for patients of the third group involved one of the treatment methods: cryodestruction, laser destruction, photodynamic therapy, radiotherapy or chemoradiation treatment.

Results. Five-year survival without signs of progression in a group of patients with locally advanced of the ear skin cancer, who received combined or complex treatment was 73.8 ± 13.1. Median progression-free survival not achieved. In the surgical treatment group 5 year progression-free survival was 40.4 ± 13.0, median was 34.1 months. In a group of patients who did not undergo temporal bone resection (3rd group) median progression-free survival was 4.5 months. Group differences are statistically significant (p <0.05). The most significant adverse prognosis factors that reduce overall survival for patients with locally advanced external ear skin cancer are positive histological margin (p = 0.0001, hazard ratio (HR) = 10.611, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 3.058-36.820), signs of destruction branch of the lower jaw/ zygomatic bone (p = 0.027, HR = 4.65, 95 % CI 1.193-18.116). Facial paralysis is the most unfavorable prognosis factor, reducing tumor-specific survival in patients with locally advanced outer ear skin cancer (p = 0.0001, HR = 19.146, 95 % CI 4.056-90.388).

Conclusion. Combined/complex treatment of patients with locally advanced ear skin cancer (surgery with postoperative radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy) provides better long-term results compared to other treatment options.
Results of conservative treatment of locally advanced larynx squamous cell carcinoma using intraarterial regional polychemotherapy
Authors: Safarov D. A. , Mudunov A. M. , Dolgushin B. I. , Akhundov A. A. , Zaderenko I. A. , Peshko D. A.
Published: April 2021

The study objective is to evaluate the results of organ-preserving treatment of locally advanced larynx squamous cell carcinoma.

Materials and methods. Analysis of 28 patients with locally advanced larynx squamous cell carcinoma (stages III-IV) who underwent treatment at the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia between 2017 and 2020 was performed. At the first stage, 2-3 courses of combined inductive polychemotherapy per the DCF scheme with 21-day interval were performed (docetaxel 60 mg/m2, cisplatin 60 mg/m2 intraarterially bolus with detoxication with sodium thiosulfate, 5-fluorouracil 1000 mg/m2/day as 96-hour infusion). The second stage included external beam radiotherapy (60-70 Gy, 2 Gy per day 5 days a week) as monotreatment if complete clinical response after chemotherapy was achieved or with regional administration of cisplatin (60 mg/m2 once per 3 weeks) if after inductive stage full clinical response wasn»t observed.

Results. In 20 (71.5 %) patients, complete clinical response was observed after inductive treatment; in 7 (25 %) patients, partial response was observed. Tumor stabilization was detected in 1 (3.5 %) patient. Two-year overall survival was 95.8 ± 4.1 %, progression-free survival was 90.1 ± 6.8 %.

Conclusion. The proposed strategy of organ-preserving treatment of stage III-IV larynx cancer with substitution of systemic chemotherapy with regional intraarterial chemotherapy prior to radiotherapy is highly effective from the point of view of direct anti-tumor effect and recurrence-free and overall survival.
The Contract for the Performance of Sociological Research Using the Questionnaire Method (Legal Qualification, Content of the Contract, Contract Formation)
Authors: Maleina M. N.
Published: April 2021

Currently, neither conclusion nor execution of the contract for the performance of sociological research have legal regulation. The paper proves that the contract under consideration refers to civil contracts for the provision of services. Thus, in case of a dispute, the general rules of Chapter 39 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation (“Reimbursable Services”) should be applied. The ICC/ESOMAR Code applies to sociological services relations if the parties in the agreement between them have stated the provisions of the ICC/ESOMAR. The essential terms of the contract for the performance of sociological studies using the questionnaire should include: the subject matter of the contract; the type and characteristics of the information collected; the method of research; the study respondents; confidentiality of respondents’ personal data; the term (period) and the place of the study. The subject matter of the contract under consideration covers the main actions of the parties: the performer conducts the sociological research (collects, purposefully processes and transmits certain information), and the customer accepts and pays for services rendered. The collected data is intended for establishing and analyzing social trends, patterns of social development, solving the problems of the society as a whole, population groups and a separate team. Non-essential terms of the contract for the performance of sociological studies using the questionnaire method include the terms stipulating the method of conducting the questionnaire, the quality of the research, the registration of the result of the study and the procedure for the transfer of information, the amount and procedure of remuneration for services rendered, the terms regulating liability for non-performance of the duties of the parties. The author proposes to enshrine in the law a simple written form of any kind of contract for the performance of sociological research regardless of the price of the contract, the personality of the customer and the performer indicating that failure to comply with the simple written form of the contract entails its invalidity.
Immunity of States and International Organizations in the Court of Justice of the European Union Practice and its Significance in the Implementation of Megascience Projects
Authors: Chetverikov A. O.
Published: April 2021

In recent years, Russia has invested significant assets in unique scientific facility of the “Megascience” class that are being built or are already operating on the territory of foreign countries, mainly member states of the European Union: the International Thermonuclear Research Reactor-ITER (France), the European X-ray Free Electron Laser-European XFEL, the Large Hadron Collider (Switzerland and France), etc.

How reliable and safe are such investments in the context of the sanctions policy of the West, including the EU, against our country? To what extent are they protected by the principle of immunity of states and international organizations, which is generally recognized, but is not interpreted and applied in different legal systems? The paper considers these issues in the context of the development of the judicial practice of the supranational institution of the judicial power of the EU, namely the Court of Justice of the European Union and the concept of relative immunity (immunité relative) formulated herein.

Having conducted a comparative legal review of the current state of the sources of law and doctrine on the issues of immunity of states and international organizations, the author analyses and evaluates the decisions of the EU Court of Justice and the legal positions of its attorneys General:

 — Mahamdia v. Algeria, 2012: for the first time ECJ formulates the concept of relative immunity in relation to states;

— "Rina" and "Suprim" cases, 2020: EU Court clarifies the interpretation of the concept of acta iure imperii (acts of public authority), in respect of which states retain immunity in the EU, and extends its concept of relative immunity to international intergovernmental organizations.

The final section deals with legal issues that yet to get a clear answer in the practice of the EU Court of Justice. In this regard, the author highlights possible directions of its evolution, and studies other recent decisions of the EU Court of Justice that may affect Russia’s national interests in the context of cooperation with EU member states in the scientific and technical sphere, including megascience, and in other areas.
Some Problems of Investigative Experiment Regulatory Framework
Authors: Stelmakh V. Yu.
Published: April 2021

The paper analyzes the investigative experiment regulatory issues. It is stated that because of the extreme conciseness of legal regulation, many aspects are based on scientific developments. The purpose of the investigative experiment is to establish whether the algorithm of trace formation as a result of the experimental actions performed by the investigator corresponds to the mechanism that took place when committing a criminal act.

The conditions of the investigative experiment are highlighted: 1) exclusion of danger to the health and life of its participants; 2) similarity of the situation with that which took place during the checked event; 3) voluntary participation; 4) the inadmissibility of reproducing a crime. The cases in which the participation of the person who committed the act in the course of the crime is required (to check individual characteristics and skills), and in which the replacement of this person with a stand-in is possible (to check the fundamental possibility of a phenomenon that is not related to individual qualities) are differentiated.

The main participant of the investigative experiment, if his personal characteristics are checked, must have the procedural status of a witness, victim, suspect or accused. Specific participants of the investigative experiment are distinguished: the understudy and the assistant, who are not given an independent procedural status. Proposals for participation in the investigative experiment of all persons who are in one way or another concerned with the results of experimental actions are considered. Such proposals are unrealistic, instead, it is proposed to use a video recording to record the progress of the investigative experiment, which can be demonstrated to other participants in the proceedings.

Taking into account the legal nature of the investigative experiment, it is stated that it is impossible to seize material objects directly within the framework of this investigative action; they can be seized after its completion, during inspection or seizure.
Antibacterial Activity of Fractions from Extract Ethanolic of Hylocereus Polyrhizus Peel Against E. Coli and S. aureus
Authors: Khotimah Tsania Khusnul , Krisridwany Annisa , Orbayinah Salmah , Harimurti Sabtanti
Published: April 2021

Peel of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) is one of the plants used as an antibacterial agent as it contains saponin triterpenoid compounds, flavonoid compounds, and alkaloid compounds which can have antibacterial activity. This research aims to determine the antibacterial effect of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol fraction of red dragon fruit’s peel against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by the concentration of 10mg/ml, 20mg/ml, 40mg/ml, 80mg/ml dan 160mg/ml. This research was conducted by using laboratory experiments. The simplicia was macerated with 96% ethanol and fractionated by n-hexane and ethyl acetate. The phytochemical screening of the fraction was n-hexane fraction containing saponin and alkaloid, while the ethyl acetate fraction contained saponin and flavonoid. Kanamycin was used as a positive control, while DMSO was used as a negative control. According to this research, the MIC value of ethanol fraction, n-hexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction were 80mg/ml, 20mg/ml, and 80mg/ml, respectively, for E. coli and all fractions were 10mg/ml for S. aureus. Based on the average diameter of the inhibition zone, the largest diameter zone in E. coli was ethyl acetate fraction with 160mg/ml concentration  that was  10,33mm. Meanwhile, in S. aureus n-hexane fraction, it was 160mg/ml, which was 11,20mm. This result showed that the n-hexane fraction has good gram-positive activity while the ethyl acetate fraction has good activity on gram-negative.
Aprendamos todos a leer: Programa de remediación, Lecturas: Etapa inicial
Authors: Mielke Alejandra , Osuna Arciniegas Mariana , Díaz de Gómez Constanza , Márquez de Arboleda Ángela
Published: April 2021

"Aprendamos todos a Leer" es la iniciativa para la enseñanza de lectura y escritura inicial del BID, donde a través de materiales para el alumno, el maestro y el aula de clase, pretende brindar herramientas para apoyar el proceso de alfabetización inicial. El programa se organiza a partir de una cartelera fonológica presentando para cada fonema (sonido de letra) un personaje caracterizado por un animal. El programa de remediación está dirigido a aquellos estudiantes que pese a haber cursado primer grado finalizan sin tener las competencias requeridas en lectura y escritura inicial, y cuenta con tres etapas que se definen a partir de la situación específica del estudiante: previa, inicial y consolidación. Este libro corresponde al libro de cuentos de la etapa inicial para el estudiante.
SFD Promotion Initative: Canton of Alajuela, Costa Rica
Authors: Madrigal Barquero Diana , Pérez Monforte Sergio
Published: April 2021

The Shit Flow Diagram (SFD) graphic is an advocacy tool that aims to assist technical and non-technical stakeholders to implement plans and programs related to urban sanitation. The SFD methodology is increasingly being used to analyze the extent of safely managed sanitation in urban areas, providing users and stakeholders with a valuable picture of the prevailing sanitation condition, from containment to disposal. As such, it is a widely recognized advocacy and decision support tool that aims to understand, communicate, and visualize how wastewater and fecal sludge move within a city or town. As stated on the SuSanA website, the SFD methodology offers “a new and innovative way to engage sanitation experts, political leaders, and civil society in coordinated discussions about excreta management in their city.” The production and publication of an SFD report for Alajuela (Costa Rica) would help to visualize the current sanitation situation in the city, resulting in a potential to shift current activities and efforts towards more efficient investments in the places of the sanitation chain that need more attention, thereby improving the urban sanitation situation and the surrounding environment of the city. The structure of this SFD report consists of an executive summary and the SFD report. The latter includes: i) general city information describing its main characteristics; ii) sanitation service outcomes, with a thorough explanation of the SFD graphic outcome and the assumptions made; iii) the service delivery context analysis, which contains information on the regulatory framework of water and sanitation at country and city levels, also describing the city plans, budget and future projects to improve the sanitation situation; and iv) a detailed description of the surveys, Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) conducted, as well as the key stakeholders involved, field visits carried out and references used to develop this SFD report.
Evaluating Nicotine Abstinence, Smoking Cessation, Reduction and its Relapsed Among Electronic Cigarettes Single and Dual Malaysian Users: A One Year Observational Study
Authors: Rahman Azizur , Nik Mohamed Mohamad Haniki , Mahmood Syed
Published: April 2021

Purpose: Evidence for the complete nicotine cessation is inadequate among electronic cigarettes (ECs) single users (SUs, use only ECs), and dual users (DUs, use both ECs and conventional cigarettes (CCs). The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the nicotine cessation among SUs and DUs who used ECs over one year. Methods: We observed 70 SUs and 148 DUs for 52 weeks and tested their exhaled carbon monoxide and saliva cotinine to confirm their complete nicotine cessation status through cotinine in saliva. Safety issues were to be identified through self-report. Smoking cessation, CCs reduction of ≥ 50%, and relapsed to CCs smoking and safety issues were also documented. Results: The nicotine cessation rate was higher in SUs then DUs (15.9% vs. 6.8%; P = 0.048; 95% CI (2.328-0.902). A similar result for smoking cessation (34.8% SUs vs. 17.1% DUs; P = 0.005; 95% CI: 2.031-0.787), whereas CCs ≥ 50% reduction was 23.3% DUs vs 21.7% SUs (P = 0.863; 95% CI :1.020-0.964). Relapse to CC smoking was 47.3% in DUs versus 30.4% in SUs (P = 0.026; 95% CI: 1.555-0.757). The adverse effects reported were coughing and breathing problems, whereas craving smoking was documented as a major withdrawal symptom. Smoking-related diseases were also identified, five in DUs and two in SUs, during the one-year study period. Conclusions: Study showed SUs achieved higher complete nicotine and smoking cessation rates as compared to DUs. However, the rates of reduced CC use were not different between both the groups. No serious adverse effects related to the sole use of ECs were detected. However, the safety of the sole use of ECs in absolute terms needs to be further validated in different populations.
EXPLORING SELF THROUGH GHAZALIAN THEORY OF SOUL AND FREUDIAN PSYCHOANALYSIS: THE STUDY OF PROFESSOR SOHAIL IN RAJA GIDH
Authors: Mazhar Shumaila , Ayub Alia , Sharjeel Muhammad Yousaf , Jabeen Rizwana , Husain Fazli
Published: April 2021

Purpose of the study: The current study explores the psychological dimensions of Professor Sohail in a famous Pakistani novel Raja Gidh (1981) written by Bano Qudsia. A quick glance at the entire plot of the selected novel strengthens our belief that psychological sufferings or regeneration greatly affect the external life of an individual. For an in-depth analysis, Ghazali, the famous 11th-century scholar of the Muslim world, and Freud, the genius of the 20th century, have provided the conceptual underpinnings.

Methodology: For the thematic analysis of the selected novel, this study has adapted Attride-Stirling’s (2001) model of the textual data analysis, which is divided into three stages i.e., data reduction, exploration, and data complication or interpretation. Ghazalain nafs e ammara, nafs e lawwamma, nafs e mutmainna and aql, and Freudian id, ego and superego have guided the coding and interpretation of the selected character.

Main Findings: A close analysis of the selected character through the lens of these theorists exposes that sometimes nafs e ammara or id makes him fall into the abyss of evils or sometimes nafs e lawwama or superego cause a relentless internal conflict which has been intermediated by aq’l or ego.

Applications of this study: This work, inside the parameter of the selected theories, offers an insight into the relevance of the psychological issues in the modern world, thus, establishing our belief in the similar workings of the human mind, regardless of the variances in time and space. Moreover, it has also revealed that the incorporation of Eastern and Western insights for studying the human mind has the potential of becoming an effective critical approach for psychological analysis in the realm of English literature.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The current study makes the readers dive deep into the darkest abyss of the human mind, to bring to the surface not only his deep-rooted fears and anxieties but also the magnificent gems of spiritual insight.
Revisão Sistemática da Utilização de Far-UVC e Ozônio no Combate à Covid-19 e demais Patógenos
Authors: Guilherme V. L. Silva  , Gustavo M. Camargo  , José A. S. Neto  , Igor D. Borges  , Cláudio F. Oliveira  , Rosemberg R. F. Nunes
Published: April 2021

Frente ao desafio de explorar novos meios de uma mitigação eficiente e acessível para inativação de patógenos e limitar sua transmissão em ambientes ocupados por pessoas, surgiu a iniciativa desta investigação que teve como objetivo primário realizar uma revisão sistemática, buscando na literatura oestado da arte em relação à utilização de radiação UVC e Ozônio como agentes germicidas no combate de vírus e bactérias.Foram pesquisados nos bancos de dados trabalhos que continham as strings “UVC" AND "wave" AND "ultraviolet" AND "radiation" AND "light" AND" intensity" e também “ozone" AND "air"AND "disinfection" AND "virus" AND "bacteria" AND "environment" AND "decontamination" AND "air decontamination". A busca foi feita nas bases de dados ScienceDirect, Web of Science, pubMED, SciELO, Google Scholar e World Wide Science. Foram encontrados 189 artigos relacionados à utilização de UVC comoagente germicida e 16 artigos acerca da utilização do ozônio, totalizando assim 205 artigos. Destes somente 44 foram selecionados para a revisão, os outros trabalhos não foram selecionados, pois não se enquadraram no critério de seleção, seja por possuir uma aplicação diferente da proposta pelo grupo, exemplo artigos que relacionavam a utilização da radiação UVC no tratamento de águas residuais ou por a data de publicação não se enquadrar no período de 2016 a 2020, nenhum artigo utilizando ambos os agentes germicidas ozônio e UVC foi encontrado. Entretanto, entres os artigos selecionados, foram relatadas informações importantes e promissoras para dar firmamento e veracidade às premissas adotadas pelos pesquisadores.
Análise das Propriedades Mecânicas e Microestrutural da Solda Híbrida TIG-MAG em Aço SAE 1020
Authors: Vitor D. Borges  , José M. C. Silva  , Victor M. F. Luz  , Wilson de Paula
Published: April 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as propriedades mecânicas e microestrutural do processo automatizado de soldagem híbrida TIG- MAG. Os testes foram executados depositando cordões de solda sobre chapas de aço SAE 1020 com espessura de 1/4”. Foram realizados testes de dureza HRB, Charpy-V e análise microestrutural. Para os processos de soldagem, o MAG possuiu maior quantidade de energia absorvida no ensaio de Charpy-V e maior dureza HRB que os outros processos de acordo com os parâmetros adotados. A análise microestrutural possibilitou verificar a formação de uma estrutura parcialmente esferoidizada e o surgimento de ferrita acicular e primária.
Determinação de Parâmetros de uma Máquina de Relutância Variável
Authors: Murillo V. Santos  , Célio C. L. Filho  , Jan A. R. Ribeiro  , Camila D. Jesus  , Márcio José Dias
Published: April 2021

Esse trabalho tem como objetivo estudar os parâmetros primordiais de uma máquina de relutância variável por meio do método analítico e uma simulação dinâmica com o auxílio do software MATLAB/SIMULINK. As respostas obtidas por meio destes dois métodos devem se apresentar muito próximas e exatas.
Revisão Sistemática sobre Alternativas de Reciclagem de Alumínio e suas Ligas
Authors: Juliano L. Navarro  , Leonardo A. Lopes  , André P. Silva  , Márcio J. Dias  , Sérgio M. Brandão  , Rosemberg F. N. Rodrigues
Published: April 2021

O setor de produção de alumínio primário, no Brasil, apresenta um grande valor econômico. O objetivo deste foi desenvolver uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática, para relatar a viabilidade na utilização dos processos de moagem de alta energia e metalurgia do pó como uma alternativa de reciclagem de alumínio e suas ligas. Limitaram-se se as buscas em 20 anos, nas bases Science Direct e Web of Science, e por meio da ferramenta StArt foi dividido em 3 filtros. Determinou‑se a importância dos processos estudados em produzir materiais secundários com propriedades semelhantes às dos primários, tornando-se cadeias produtivas, econômicas e sustentáveis.
Estudos da Implementação da Técnica de Gerenciamento OEE em uma Indústria Farmacêutica
Authors: Adriano R. Silva  , Jaques J. L. Silva  , Roberto C. B. Farias  , Márcio J. Dias  , Sérgio M. Brandão  , Sonimar R. M. Dias
Published: April 2021

Com a crescente concorrência no mercado consumidor, as empresas necessitam produzir mais, com menor custo e com melhor qualidade. Este artigo objetiva o estudo à implantação do OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness), sendo uma ferramenta de gestão, mensurando a eficiência do processo produtivo em uma indústria farmacêutica de Anápolis-GO. Para tanto, instalou-se um sistema de supervisório permitindo obter dados de produção disponíveis em tempo real, realizando cálculos de OEE, expondo em telas gráficas percentuais de disponibilidade, performance, qualidade, produtividade. Com a implantação do OEE, originou-se uma nova visão do acompanhamento de produção, possibilitando tomadas de decisões mais rápidas e eficientes.
Estruturação do Planejamento e Controle da Manutenção de uma Indústria Farmacêutica
Authors: Gustavo G. F. Camps  , Humbertt C. Souza  , Pedro A. A. Lima  , Pedroeng.mec@hotmail.com  , Sérgio M. Brandão
Published: April 2021

O setor farmacêutico possui grande impacto na economia nacional. Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de demonstrar e avaliar o processo de estruturação do setor de PCM em uma indústria farmacêutica. Foi avaliado o processo de estruturação durante um período definido com o acompanhamento da evolução dos indicadores. Foi demonstrado a melhora nos indicadores de alguns equipamentos da indústria analisada, em que a média da eficiência global (OEE) aumentou de 42% para 76%, podendo assim concluir que o processo de estruturação do PCM realizado de forma estruturada produz resultados significativos.
Proibida a entrada
Authors: Johansen Igor Cavallini
Published: April 2021

Tem-se por objetivo, neste trabalho, analisar por meio do ferramental teóricometodológico concebido por Pierre Bourdieu o processo de busca de ascensão social de Madame X, brasileira que, após conquistar sucesso econômico, almeja ser aceita no seleto grupo das elites paulistanas, especialmente as tradicionais “famílias quatrocentonas”, encontrando nesse empreendimento barreiras que vão além daquilo que seu dinheiro pode comprar.
Pierre Bourdieu, Norbert Elias e a dicotomia entre análises externas e leituras internas
Authors: Monteiro Guilherme Seto
Published: April 2021

O objetivo do artigo é apresentar e discutir as diferentes propostas de superação da clássica dicotomia entre análises externas e leituras internas de produtos culturais presentes nas obras de Pierre Bourdieu (As regras da arte) e Norbert Elias (Mozart, sociologia de um gênio).
Viver em “comunidade”
Authors: Rosa Patrícia Carvalho
Published: April 2021

O senso de comunidade kaingang se resume como um ideal de convivialidade enquanto um grupo político e afetivo constituído por meio de relações empenhadas fundamentalmente na produção de corpos (d)e parentes, cuja duração conforma os espaços de socialidade que o caracteriza como uma economia política dos afetos. Se há “comunidade” é porque anterior a ela existe uma complexa teia de ações inter-relacionadas no âmbito das casas. Neste sentido, a ênfase descritiva concerne na apresentação dos modos de conceituar casa e comunidade no interior de um grupo indígena, onde cada uma dessas partes é composta por múltiplos espaços e tecida através de relações deparentalidade, estando cada qual concebida de modo particular, de acordo com as ações desempenhadas pelos sujeitos que o conformam. Para tanto, opta-se pela descrição de alguns princípios de agregação indígenas que desvelam uma complexidade relacional e política vinculadas à produção de laços de parentesco, “das pessoas como parentes”.
Parliamentary Elections in Georgia in the Context of US Policy
Authors: Gegelashvili N.
Published: April 2021

The current parliamentary elections in Georgia have clearly demonstrated the fact that today Washington is becoming a key figure not only in the country’s foreign policy, but also in its internal political life. Under a new J.Biden administration it seems that Washington’s approach to Georgia, taking into account both countries’ special relationships as well as Georgian extremely favorable geopolitical/ geographical factor will become more proactive, which may greatly affect changes in the configuration of the entire South Caucasus.
Formation and Development of Human Capital in Unrecognized States
Authors: Kovalenko V. , Borisenko M.
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the importance of the human capital assets as the key factor for strengthening and continuous development of the social and economic sphere of the unrecognized states through the example of the Donetsk People’s Republic. The authors show both the role of the approaches to the formation and development of human capital existing in modern science and the possibility of using their potential at a practical level. The conditions and opportunities of forming and developing the human capital, so far developed in the Donetsk People’s Republic, have been analyzed from the interdisciplinary perspective. Certain sociological generalizations on the peculiarities of the professional self-determination of young people are presented.
Belarus: Political Situation after the Presidential Elections
Authors: Astakhova S.
Published: April 2021

The political crisis in Belarus is connected with the society’s demand for change. The main reason for the mass protests after the presidential elections was the lack of confidence in the electoral system of the republic. The recent history of the republic has not yet known such an intense and long protest marathon. Nevertheless by the beginning of 2021, the protest potential was almost exhausted. In the republic, the preparation of a constitutional reform for the implementation of the transit of power has begun.
Radicalization of Ukrainian Policy after the Change of Power in the United States
Authors: Tsedilina E.
Published: April 2021

The coming to power of the Biden administration in the United States leads to an increase in the Russian-American confrontation. Washington has made a bet on deterring Moscow by all possible means, with an emphasis on the military factor. In the implementation of this political line, an important place is given to Ukraine, which is becoming the main springboard for countering the Russian Federation. Kiev, for its part, expects to achieve a number of strategic goals, counting on Washington's help in exchange for pursuing an aggressive anti-Russian policy.
Measuring liquidity on stock market: impact on liquidity ratio
Authors: Bogdan Siniša , Bareša Suzana , Ivanović Saša
Published: April 2021

The purpose – It is important to emphasize that liquidity on Croatian stock market is low, the purpose of this paper is to test empirically and find out which variables make crucial role in decision making process of investing in stocks. Design – This paper explores the impact of various liquidity variables on liquidity ratio since it is still insufficiently researched topic. Methodology –This research uses secondary and primary data available from Croatian stock market. Considering primary data this paper use daily data from Zagreb stock exchange for 196 stocks traded in one year, with the purpose of finding the key variables that make up some stocks more attractive to investors. Liquidity is measured with Amihud's liquidity ratio, which shows the amount of capital sufficient to change price by 1%. Approach – With more than 61.035 input data, using the method of multiple regression, this paper examined the influence of different variables on the stock liquidity on Croatian capital market. Findings – Key findings of this paper indicate that size of firm measured by market capitalization, number of issued stocks and achieved volume affects liquidity ratio. This paper uses multiple regression, and correlation matrix to show dependence among liquidity variables. There is strong correlation coefficient among liquidity variables and liquidity ratio, results are statistically significant. The originality of this research – The originality of this work rises from the obtained research results and the fact that this is first paper that studies problem of stock liquidity on Croatian capital market.
Study on some factors for healthy nutrition environment in restaurants in Southwestern Bulgaria
Authors: Ivanova Ludmila , Trifonova Julieta , Terziyska Ilinka
Published: April 2021

The purpose – The purpose of the study is to conduct a regional survey in tourist companies in Southwestern Bulgaria for examining some key factors for building/forming a healthy nutrition environment. Design – The special focus is given to analysis of the key factors for creating healthy nutrition environment in restaurants. Methodology – A cross sectional survey conducted including 34 respondents from 120 operating hotels with restaurants in Southwestern Bulgaria and 30 independent restaurants in Blagoevgrad, Kyustendil and Samokov – the three main towns in the area. The level of knowledge on healthy nutrition and healthy foods was assessed using a 5-rank scale and the healthy practices was conducted in the aspects: availability of healthy options, point-of-purchase information to facilitate healthy choices and promotion and communication of healthy foods. Approach- Implementation of healthy eating practice is studied in restaurants as the restaurant is one of the most important public places that form a healthy nutrition environment and create conditions for implementation of initiatives to support healthy food choices. Findings – It is indicated that the management staff of the surveyed tourist companies shows good level of knowledge and awareness on healthy nutrition issues. Despite good theoretical knowledge, however, the implementation of healthy practices in the restaurant business is insufficiently developed. There is no clear concept for introduction of healthy eating practice in restaurants and there is no active communication with the client in this regard either. The main conclusion focuses on the need of collaboration between nutrition specialists, academic institutions in tourism, and restaurant and hotel entrepreneurs to implement the principles of healthy eating in out-of-home settings. The originality of this research – The originality of the study lies in the fact that for the first time in Bulgaria the preconditions for the formation of a healthy environment in restaurants are explored.
A New Approach to Modeling the Prediction of Movement Time
Authors: Lin Chiuhsiang Joe , Cheng Chih-Feng
Published: April 2021

Fitts' law predicts the human movement response time for a specific task by a simple linear formulation, in which the intercept and the slope are estimated from the task's empirical data. This research was motivated by our pilot study, which found that the linear regression's essential assumptions are not satisfied in the literature. Furthermore, the keystone hypothesis in Fitts' law, that the movement time per response will be directly proportional to the minimum average amount of information per response demanded by the particular amplitude and target width, has never been formally tested. Therefore, this study developed an optional formulation derived from fusing the findings in psychology, physics, and physiology for fulfilling the statistical assumptions. An experiment was designed to test the hypothesis in Fitts' law and validate the proposed model. To conclude, our results indicated that movement time could be related to the index of difficulty underlying the same constant amplitude. The optional formulation accompanies the index of difficulty in Shannon form robustly performs the prediction better than the traditional model across studies. Finally, a new approach to modeling movement time prediction is deduced from our research results
The Search for the Universality Class of Metric Quantum Gravity
Authors: Martini Riccardo , Ugolotti Alessandro , Zanusso Omar
Published: April 2021

On the basis of a limited number of reasonable axioms, we discuss the classification of all the possible universality classes of diffeomorphisms invariant metric theories of quantum gravity. We use the language of the renormalization group and adopt several ideas which originate in the context of statistical mechanics and quantum field theory. Our discussion leads to several ideas that could affect the status of the asymptotic safety conjecture of quantum gravity and give universal arguments towards its proof.
Mobilidade para trabalho na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo a partir dos dados do Censo Demográfico de 2010
Authors: Lameira Verônica , Golgher André
Published: April 2021

O objetivo do estudo é compreender o perfil dos trabalhadores pendulares, considerando a heterogeneidade desse tipo de deslocamento, que é associado às desigualdades socioeconômicas do tecido urbano. Assim, inicia-se a análise com a caracterização do espaço urbano da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo (RMSP), elencando grupos homogêneos contíguos de municípios a partir do uso da Árvore Geradora Mínima (AGM). Os municípios foram classificados em cinco grupos homogêneos contíguos. Parte-se da hipótese de que existam diferenças na dinâmica dos movimentos pendulares segundo uma divisão socioeconômica do espaço metropolitano. Em seguida, foram comparados pendurares e não pendulares em cada um dos grupos homogêneos a partir de modelos logísticos binários. Observou-se que os primeiros diferiam dos últimos em diversos aspectos. De forma a identificar especificidades dos fluxos pendulares segundo esses grupos, foram estimados modelos logísticos multinomiais e notou-se que diferenças nos perfis de pendulares entre os diferentes grupos homogêneos, dependendo do destino desses, revelam traços das desigualdades econômicas e sociais existentes na RMSP. Conclui-se que políticas públicas voltadas para a mobilidade urbana devem considerar as especificidades do território, bem como os aspectos relacionados à escolaridade da população residente, à participação da mulher no mercado de trabalho e aos arranjos familiares.