bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Building Community Engagement in Nursing
Authors: Cleary Michelle , Hunt Glenn E.
Published: July 2010

Increasingly, nurses are expected to undertake activities to demonstrate community engagement as part of their continuing professional development. Such collaborative education activities can be mutually beneficial and stimulating, and when goals are aligned, valuable outcomes can be produced.
Pressure loss mechanism analysed with pipe turbulence theory and friction coefficient prediction in labyrinth path of drip irrigation emitter
Authors: Yunkai Li , Peiling Yang , Honglu Liu , Tingwu Xu , Haisheng Liu
Published: July 2010

A labyrinth path is the predominant pattern for drip irrigation emitters at present. It is very important to explore the pressure loss mechanism for the labyrinth path. This paper took the Minkowski fractal curve flow path, a special labyrinth flow path, as an object to study the pressure loss mechanism of fractal flow paths with dimension analysis technology and rough pipe turbulence theory. The results of the research showed that the Reynolds number has an insignificant effect on the friction coefficient of the flow path, which can be ignored. The friction coefficient was primarily related to the hydraulic radius, fractal dimension and unit length of the fractal flow path. Under the pressure of 15–150 kpa within the fractal flow path, the flow was completely turbulent. Hence, constructing the fractal flow path is an effective approach to simultaneously enhancing the hydraulic performance and anti‐clogging performance. The critical Reynolds number for flow twist was moved earlier because of the continuous disturbance within the flow path of the emitters. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Glycosidic intermediates identified in 1H MR spectra of intact tumour cells may contribute to the clarification of aspects of glycosylation pathways
Authors: Grande Sveva , Palma Alessandra , Luciani Anna Maria , Rosi Antonella , Guidoni Laura , Viti Vincenza
Published: July 2010

The glycosylation process, through the addition of carbohydrates, is a major post‐translational modification of proteins and glycolipids. Proteins may be glycosylated in either the secretory pathway leading to N‐linked or O‐linked glycoproteins or as nucleocytoplasmic glycosylation that targets only single proteins involving a single β‐linked N‐acetylglucosamine. In both cases, the key precursors are the uridine diphospho‐N‐acetylhexosamines synthesised by the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. Furthermore, uridine diphospho‐N‐acetylglucosamine participates in the biosynthesis of sialic acid. In this work, we propose MRS for the detection of uridine diphospho‐N‐acetylhexosamines visible in high‐resolution MR spectra of intact cells from different human tumours. Signals from the nucleotide and amino sugar moieties, including amide signals observed for the first time in whole cells, are assigned, also taking advantage of spectral changes that follow cell treatment with ammonium chloride. Finally, parallel changes in uridine diphospho‐N‐acetylhexosamines and glutamine pools, observed after pH changes induced by ammonium chloride in the different tumour cell lines, may provide more details on the glycosylation processes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of an ATP-regulated DNA-processing enzyme and thermotolerant phosphoesterase in the radioresistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans
Authors: Kota Swathi , Kumar C. Vijaya , Misra Hari S.
Published: July 2010

A multiprotein DNA-processing complex identified from Deinococcus radiodurans exhibits uncharacterized ATP-sensitive nuclease functions. DR0505 was one of the 24 polypeptides identified from the complex. It contains two 5′ nucleotidase motifs, one is at the C-terminal end of the N-terminal CPDD (calcineurin phosphodiesterase domain), with the second at the C-terminal end of the protein. Recombinant DR0505 showed both phosphomonoesterase and phosphodiesterase activities with chromogenic substrates, showing higher affinity for bis-(p-nitrophenyl) phosphate than for p-nitrophenyl phosphate. The enzyme exhibited pH optima ranging from 8.0 to 9.0 and metal-ion-dependent thermotolerance of esterase functions. Both mono- and di-esterase activities were stable at temperatures up to 50 °C in the presence of Mg2+, whereas monoesterase activity was observed at temperatures up to 80 °C in the presence of Mn2+ and up to 50 °C with Ca2+. The purified enzyme showed 5′ nucleotidase activity on a wide range of natural mononucleotides including cyclic mononucleotides and 8-oxo-GMP. DR0505 showed a nearly 7-fold higher activity on ADP than AMP, but this activity was inhibited with ATP. Interestingly, DR0505 also showed single-stranded endonuclease and 3′→5′ exonuclease activities on both single-stranded and double-stranded DNA-substrates. Unlike for the exonuclease activity, the single-stranded endonuclease activities observed on stem-loop substrates and at the single strand–double-strand junction in forked-hairpin substrates were not inhibited with ATP. These results suggested that DR0505 is an ATP-regulated DNA-processing enzyme and a thermotolerant esterase in vitro. We therefore suggest possible roles of this enzyme in nucleotide recycling and DNA processing, which is required for efficient double-strand break repair and the high radiation tolerance observed in D. radiodurans.
Terahertz generation based on an optically pumped ballistic electron wave swing device
Authors: Dragoman D. , Dragoman M. , Hartnagel H.
Published: July 2010

Terahertz (THz) signals can be generated by the periodic motion of ballistic electron bunches inside a quantum well cavity surrounded by two asymmetric resonant tunneling structure implemented in an InAlAs/InGaAs heterostructure. The electron bunches are produced in an adjacent active quantum well by optical excitation with a femtosecond laser pulse, and transferred into the cavity by resonant tunneling. The device contains also a superlattice that eliminates the electrons, which exit the cavity in the direction of the active quantum well. In consequence, the device output consists of a train of ultrashort pulses, of less than 100 fs, which preserve their coherence. Electrical signals up to few tens of THz can be obtained, depending on the resonant filter or antenna placed at the end of the device.
A Phosphorylation Target for Diabetes Therapy
Authors: Wong Wei
Published: July 2010

PPARγ ligand drugs exert their antidiabetic effect by blocking the phosphorylation of PPARγ by Cdk5.
Inhibition by Integrin
Authors: Foley John F.
Published: July 2010

Inside-out activation of the β
2
integrin subunit CD11b inhibits Toll-like receptor signaling in macrophages.
ON-THE-JOB SEARCH, URBAN INFORMAL SECTOR AND DEVELOPMENT POLICIES — A GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS
Authors: BANDOPADHYAY TITAS KUMAR
Published: July 2010

The purpose of this paper is to examine Field's (1989) proposition in a multisector general equilibrium model with imperfect capital mobility. The effects of different fiscal policies on the equilibrium rate of urban unemployment are also examined. The main findings are (i) more efficient on-the-job search from the rural sector raises equilibrium urban unemployment rate whereas (ii) increased job search efficiency from the urban informal sector lowers this rate. Aditionally, (iii) urban price subsidy policy lowers the equilibrium urban unemployment rate, and (iv) rural subsidy policy raises this rate.
COUPLED-CHANNEL CALCULATION OF BOUND AND RESONANT SPECTRA OF $^9_\Lambda{\rm Be}$ AND $^{13}_\Lambda\rm C$ HYPERNUCLEI
Authors: CANTON L. , AMOS K. , KARATAGLIDIS S. , SVENNE J. P.
Published: July 2010

A multi-channel algebraic scattering (MCAS) approach has been used to analyze the spectra of two hypernuclear systems, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The splitting of the two odd-parity excited levels ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]) at 11 MeV excitation in [Formula: see text] is driven mainly by the weak Λ-nucleus spin–orbit force, but the splittings of the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] levels in both [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] have a different origin. These cases appear to be dominated by coupling to the collective 2+ states of the core nuclei. Using simple phenomenological potentials as input to the MCAS method, the observed splitting and level ordering in [Formula: see text] is reproduced with the addition of a weak spin–spin interaction acting between the hyperon and the spin of the excited target. With no such spin–spin interaction, the level ordering in [Formula: see text] is inverted with respect to that currently observed. In both hypernuclei, our calculations suggest that there are additional low-lying resonant states in the Λ-nucleus continua.
Dorsal Enteric Sinus with Spina Bifida: A Rare Form of Split Notochord Syndrome
Authors: Nanda Monika , Bawa Monika , Kanojia Ravi Prakash , Rao K.L.N.
Published: July 2010

Split notochord syndrome is a rare congenital malformation that results in spinal anomalies associated with anomalies of the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system. This report presents an infrequently described variant of this syndrome. A 9-month-old female presented with a dorsal midline mass since birth which was partially covered by skin, and part of the lesion gave a gross appearance of intestinal mucosa. MRI was suggestive of partial sacral agenesis with spinal dysraphism with tethered cord. Excision of the mass with repair of the spinal defect was done. Histopathology confirmed the presence of gastrointestinal mucosa.
The High Risks of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Procedures for Hydrocephalus Associated with Vein of Galen Malformations in Childhood: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Jea Andrew , Bradshaw Tina J. , Whitehead William E. , Curry Daniel J. , Dauser Robert C. , Luerssen Thomas G.
Published: July 2010

Little to no pediatric or neurosurgical literature has been published about the complications of ventriculoperitoneal shunt procedures for hydrocephalus associated with vein of Galen malformations in childhood. The interventional neuroradiology literature, however, suggests that ventriculoperitoneal shunting as first-line treatment for hydrocephalus in children with vein of Galen malformations is fraught with short- and long-term dangers, including status epilepticus, intraventricular hemorrhage, subdural hematoma and hygroma, venous infarction, malignant dystrophic calcification, and worsening developmental delay. We present a single pediatric case where a ventriculoperitoneal shunt procedure for symptomatic hydrocephalus seemed to be the major contributing factor to the rapid neurological deterioration and eventual death of an infant with a vein of Galen malformation. Based on this experience and our review of the literature, we suggest the use of endovascular embolization of the vein of Galen malformation to reestablish a balance in hydrovenous dynamics as first-line treatment rather than directly addressing hydrocephalus with CSF diversion. The ventriculoperitoneal shunt procedure should be reserved for cases with symptomatic hydrocephalus in which the patient is a poor candidate for embolization, or for cases where endovascular therapy has already been maximized. The role of endoscopy in the treatment of hydrocephalus associated with vein of Galen malformations is not clear.
Crystal structure of Ce2O2.5S, an oxidized form of Ce2O2S, from neutron and X-ray powder diffraction
Authors: Mauricot R. , Gareh J. , Evain M.
Published: July 2010

The structure of Ce
Avaliação de cultivares de mamona em cruzamentos dialélicos parciais
Authors: Nóbrega Márcia Barreto de Medeiros , Geraldi Isaias Olívio , Carvalho Agnaldo Donizete Ferreira de
Published: July 2010

A mamona (Ricinus communis L.) é uma cultura de grande importância no Nordeste brasileiro, mas nos últimos anos expandiu-se também para outras regiões do Brasil, incentivada pelo Programa Nacional de Biodiesel. O trabalho teve por objetivo estimar as capacidades gerais e específicas de combinação para a produção de sementes e caracteres agronômicos de mamona, visando ao entendimento do controle genético de tais caracteres, para fins de melhoramento. Para isso, utilizaram-se 10 cultivares de mamona, divididos em dois grupos: Grupo 1, composto de cinco cultivares de porte baixo, e Grupo 2, composto de cinco cultivares de porte alto, que foram cruzadas segundo um arranjo dialélico parcial, originando 25 cruzamentos. Os cruzamentos foram avaliados no delineamento em látice 5 x 5 com quatro repetições e parcelas constituídas de uma fileira de 9 m de comprimento espaçada de 3 m (27 m²), contendo 10 plantas. Os caracteres avaliados foram: produtividade de sementes (PR), dias para florescimento (DF), altura da planta (AP), altura do caule (AC), e tamanho útil do cacho (TU). A capacidade geral de combinação (CGC) foi significativa para todos os caracteres dos dois grupos, enquanto a capacidade específica de combinação (CEC) foi significativa somente para DF e TU. Além disso, a soma de quadrados devido à CGC foi maior que a soma de quadrados devido à CEC para todos os caracteres, indicando que os locos de efeito aditivo têm maior importância que os locos de efeito dominante. Nos dois grupos detectaram-se cultivares com alelos favoráveis para a produção de sementes e caracteres agronômicos.
Efeito da oxigenoterapia hiperbárica: relato de caso de paciente com síndrome hepato-pulmonar em lista de espera para transplante hepático
Authors: Kreimer Flávio , Sena Bruno , Ferraz Álvaro , Campos Josemberg , D'Albuquerque Luiz Carneiro , Araújo Jr. Guido C. , Ferraz Edmundo
Published: July 2010

INTRODUÇÃO: As doenças hepáticas apresentam índices de morbidade e mortalidade elevados e quando em estágio avançado têm o transplante do fígado como forma de tratamento potencialmente curativo e eficaz, embora este não possa ser oferecido a todos os pacientes. Isso faz com que essas doenças sejam consideradas problema de saúde pública em todo o mundo. Os cuidados clínicos para manter o paciente com condições de esperar e suportar o transplante continua um desafio. RELATO DO CASO: Mulher com 65 anos de idade, procedente do Recife, com diagnóstico de cirrose hepática secundária a vírus C apresentava dispnéia importante aos mínimos esforços tendo PaO2 de repouso de 60 mmHg e O2 de 90%, com espirometria normal. Realizou eco-Doppler que evidenciou shunt pulmonar importante. Durante a triagem em lista de transplante (MELD de 16 em agosto de 2006) foi optado pelo início de sessões de oxigenioterapia em câmara hiperbárica a fim de melhorar a sintomatologia respiratória da síndrome hepato-pulmonar. Apresentava melhora substancial da tolerância ao exercício após a terapia hiperbárica, assim como os valores do PaO2 à gasometria. Realizou 10 sessões de oxigenioterapia em câmara hiperbárica. Realizou transplante hepático em outubro de 2007 e vem em acompanhamento ambulatorial com boa evolução e melhora substancial da dispnéia. CONCLUSÃO: Constatou-se melhora da condição hepato-pulmonar após oxigenoterapia hiperbárica. Desta forma, ela surge como mais uma ferramenta para o tratamento das doenças hepáticas, devendo ser realizados outros estudos que avaliem sua utilização clínica.
Cybertutor: um objeto de ensino na Dermatologia
Authors: Soirefmann Mariana , Boza Juliana Catucci , Comparin Cristiane , Cestari Tania Ferreira , Wen Chao Lung
Published: July 2010

Foi desenvolvido um objeto de ensino em Dermatologia voltado para a graduação, que utiliza um web site interativo, o Cybertutor. Selecionaram-se casos clínicos didáticos, aulas teóricas e referências bibliográficas atualizadas. As fotografias das lesões foram obtidas pela seleção de pacientes atendidos no ambulatório de Dermatologia. Os temas das aulas se basearam no currículo vigente da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). O Cybertutor é um objeto de ensino dinâmico, moderno e atual, que possibilita constante inovação.
Temsirolimus: Is Improved Survival the Correct Expression of Drug Activity?
Authors: Basso Michele , Cassano Alessandra , Schinzari Giovanni , Barone Carlo
Published: July 2010

The article comments on the drug approval summary for temsirolimus published recently in The Oncologist in regard to the difference observed between the investigators' and independent reviewers' assessments.
Maturity in Smooth Bromegrass1
Authors: Grabe Don F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Some seeds were capable of germination 5 days after flowering. Maximum germination, dry weight and seedling vigor were attained in 17 or 18 days. Moisture content decreased slowly from over 60% to 47% at the time functional maturity was reached. After this time, loss of moisture was accelerated and the seed entered the ripening phase.
Germination and Storage of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Pollen1
Authors: Warnock Stephen J. , Hagedorn D. J.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Various combinations of sugar‐agar concentrations were tested as germinating media for pollen of Pisum sativum L. The best was 1% agar—15% sugar; and the optimum pH was 7.0. Addition of yeast extract to the germinating medium resulted in stimulated pollen tube growth. Longevity of pea pollen under several storage conditions was studied and results indicated that storage at —5° C. over a saturated solution of MgCl2 · 6H2O would keep pollen viable for as long as 15 months. Germinability on artificial media was a simple and positive test for pollen viability including ability to set seed.
Nitrogen Uptake by Ladino Clover‐Orchardgrass Pasture Under Irrigation as Influenced by Moisture, Nitrogen Fertilization and Clipping Treatments1
Authors: Nelson C. E. , Robins J. S.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

On shallow Ephrata fine sandy loam soil, the nitrogen uptake in the grass and clover was greatest from midsummer irrigation at 7‐ to 11‐day frequency and 12‐inch clipping height than a longer frequency and less height. Total nitrogen uptake increased in the grass and decreased in the clover with increased nitrogen fertilizer rates. The clover supplied 99 pounds of nitrogen per acre to the grass when no fertilizer nitrogen was applied. The nitrogen in the grass, other than that from fertilizer nitrogen, increased in relationship to clover yields.
The Constituent Differential Method of Estimating Species Composition in Mixed Hay1
Authors: Cooper C. S. , Hyder D. N. , Petersen R. G. , Sneva F. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

A method is presented for determining the species composition by weight of a two‐component forage mixture when the two components contain different concentrations of a given constituent. It consists of measuring the constituent concentration of a large sample from each plot and the species components from small samples taken at random from plots treated alike. Species composition of the large sample is then computed using appropriate formulae. The use of dry matter, calcium and crude protein to estimate botanical composition was investigated. The method was found to be more efficient than hand separation.
Inheritance of Branched Raceme and Vestigial Flower in Alfalfa1
Authors: Dudley J. W. , Wilsie C. P.
Published: July 2010

Sypnosis

F3 F4, BC S1, BC S2, and other populations which segregated for the characters branched raceme and vestigial flower were studied. Gene symbols A, Br, Ra, and Ra' were proposed for genes conditioning branched raceme. The symbols D, V. F, and F' were proposed for genes conditioning vestigial flower. A. Br. D, and V were assumed to be inherited in a tetrasomic manner with chromosome segregation. Ra and Ra' were assumed to behave as duplicate disomic genes as were F and F'
Factors Influencing Heat Resistance in Oats1
Authors: Coffman Franklin A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Heat resistance in oats (exposure to 48° to 51½° temperatures for 45 minutes) was highest after exposure to bright sunlight, at the early booting stage, at 50 days of age, in slow‐growing winter varieties with small culms, in early maturing varieties and in winter hardy varieties. Warm temperatures prior to heat treatment increased heat resistance only in winter varieties. There was no correlation between heat resistance and genetic conditioned disease resistance or morphological characteristics but most heat resistant varieties were awned and dark‐colored kernels. Resistance to heat is an inherited character and susceptibility appears to be dominant.
A Comparison of Birdsfoot Trefoil‐Bluegrass and Ladino Clover‐Bluegrass for Pasture: I. Response of Lambs1
Authors: Davis R. R. , Bell D. S.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

During the first grazing year, a Ladino clover‐bluegrass mixture was more productive in terms of carrying capacity, gain per acre, and TDN consumption per acre than an Italian birdsfoot trefoil‐bluegrass mixture. The trefoil mixture was more productive the remaining two years of the test. Ladino clover was eliminated from the mixture by drouth. Continuous grazing killed the birdsfoot trefoil. The trefoil remained in the mixture when grazed with a rotation system of about two weeks grazing and four weeks rest.
Recovery by Eleven Crops of Oats of Phosphorus Applied to Pot Cultures of Five Soils1
Authors: Moore D. G. , Attoe O. J. , Rich C. I.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Recovery of applied phosphorus by 11 oat crops ranged from 51 to 72%, and recovery by the first crop was less than 20% from the silt loams and about 35% from a sand. Total percentage of applied phosphorus recovered by cropping and acid and alkali extractions combined ranged from 74 to 100%. Phosphorus applied at 22 to 589 ppm. to Spencer silt loam gave nearly the same percentage recovery by the 11 crops.
Comparative Performance of Various Combinations of F1 and F2 Generation Seed of Maize1
Authors: Grogan C. O. , Zuber M. S.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The presence of 20% or more of F2 female single cross seed in an original F1 double cross hybrid was necessary to obtain a statistically significant reduction in yield. The vigorous F1 plants partly compensate for the loss effected by the F2 plants.
Number of Chloroplasts in the Guard Cells of Inbred Lines of Tetraploid and Diploid Sugar Beets1
Authors: Dudley John W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The average number of chloroplasts per guard cell was 11.8 ± 0.11 for tetraploid and 6.6 ± 0.11 for diploid inbred lines of sugar beets. These results indicated that diploids and tetraploids could be rapidly and accurately separated by counting chloroplasts in the guard cells.
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization of Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea)1
Authors: Wahhab A. , Muhammad F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The use of 37.5 pounds of available P2O5 gave an increased yield of 257 pounds of nuts per acre. Under favourable conditions up to 520 pounds of nuts could be obtained. N alone did not increase the yield of nuts significantly. N reduced the beneficial effect of P when used in combination.
Seed Moisture Relationships and Germination Behavior of Acid‐Scarified Bahiagrass Seed1
Authors: Williams Rufus C. , Webb Burleigh C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

An increase in germination of Bahiagrass resulted from scarification with sulphuric acid, although neither water intake nor degree of swelling was improved. The increase in germination from scarification was not related to light.
Response of Creeping Bentgrass Putting‐Green Turf to Urea‐Form Compounds and Other Nitrogenous Fertilizers1
Authors: Musser H. B. , Duich J. M.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Ammonium sulfate in ten split applications increased total growth but had no significant effect on turf quality over natural organics and urea‐form compounds. Seasonal growth distribution was more uniform when slowly available nitrogen materials were used although significant differences in growth rates were evident in the early part of the season. Data indicate that the value of any form of nitrogen depends primarily on how it is used.
Certain Characteristics of Land in Relation to Tendency of Farmers to Establish Conservation Practices1
Authors: Prundeanu Julian , Zwerman Paul J.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Little or no relationship was found between the slope, drainage, erosion, or use capability of the land and the kind and amount of soil conservation practices established by the farmer.
Making Agronomy Attractive to College Students
Authors: Bertramson B. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Professors in 25 agronomy departments report that agronomy is made attractive to students by superior teaching and an effective and sympathetic advisory system. Moral support and technical assistance from the staff in managing the affairs of the Agronomy Club helped to create esprit de corps. Excellent educational and financial projects for Agronomy Clubs are briefly summarized.
Effect of Variable Row Spacings and Plant Populations on Peas Grown for Processing and on the Subsequent Crop of Alfalfa1
Authors: Vittum M. T. , Lathwell D. J. , Peck N. H. , Sayre C. B.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Over the 3‐year period, 1952 to 1954, yields of canning peas increased as plants per acre increased, while yield per plant decreased. This response was almost completely independent of both row spacing and spacing within the row. Yields of alfalfa hay were relatively unaffected by stand density and method of seeding a companion crop of peas.
Nitrogen Fertilization of Alfalfa‐Grass Mixtures1
Authors: Parsons J. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Nitrogen applications to a vigorous alfalfa‐orchardgrass sod on Wooster silt loam produced more hay but increased the grass at the expense of the alfalfa. The yield, crude protein percentage, and botanical composition of alfalfa‐bromegrass and alfalfa‐timothy sods were not affected by nitrogen.
Nitrogen Movement in Simulated Cross Sections of Field Soil1
Authors: Tyler K. B. , Broadbent F. E. , Kondo V.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The movement of applied ammonium nitrogen in soil is dependent on the nature of the ammonium source, soil type, and rate of nitrification.
The Effect of Stand Density on Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of Crimson Clover1
Authors: Knight W. E. , Hollowell E. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

A close relationship existed each year between stand density and early growth. Dense stands produced substantial quantities of high quality forage in the fall. Early growth appeared to be related to higher minimum and lower maximum soil temperatures, which were characteristic of the thick stands, as well as to the direct effect of plant competition. Stand density had a marked effect on the number of vegetative stems and the number of seed heads produced.
Growth and Morphological Characteristics of Induced Autotetraploids of Lespedeza Cuneata, L. Stipulacea and L. Striata, and Interfertility of These Species at Diploid and Tetraploid Levels1
Authors: Brinkley R. M. , Hanson C. H. , Cope W. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The induced autotetraploids had larger leaflets, stems, flowers, and seeds and lower yields of hay and seed than the respective parental diploids. Progenies from chasmogamous flowers gave higher yields than progenies from cleistogamous flowers, indicating heterosis. Viable hybrids were not obtained from any of the various combinations of diploid and tetraploid matings attempted. In ovaries of the diploid mating of L. Stipulacea × L. cuneata collapse of the ovule began at about the sixth day. The endosperm appeared degenerate.
Multi‐variable Equations Describing Fertility‐Corn Yield Response Surfaces and Their Agronomic and Economic Interpretation1
Authors: Baird Bruce L. , Mason D. D.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Representative polynomial equations and contour lines describing yield response surfaces obtained in corn fertility studies are presented for Norfolk and Portsmouth soils. Methods of interpretation are discussed. Increases in yield were attributed to nitrogen at each of the 23 locations on the former and at 10 of the 17 on the latter soils. P or K increased yields at seven locations on the Portsmouth soils but at none on Norfolk soil.
Symposium on Forage Evaluation: IV. Animal Variation and Measurement of Forage Quality1
Authors: Mott G. O.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

In grazing trials, quality of forage is measured by the output per animal. Variations among pastures and among animals are the main sources of experimental error but variation in grazing pressure, in previous treatment of the animals, and weighing errors also may make a contribution.
Generalization of Yield Equations in Two or More Variables: I. Theoretical Considerations1
Authors: Jensen Don , Pesek John
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Particular quadratic yield equations which define crop yields in the restricted sense of given fixed soil fertility levels may, in theory, be generalized to other forms of the quadratic equation which define crop yields over a range of initial soil fertility levels. The similarity of the coefficients of the terms derived from different generalized equations may be tested by assuming appropriate null hypotheses and testing them by applicable statistical methods.
Effect of 2,4‐D on the Growth, Seed Production, and Seed Viability of Rose Clover1
Authors: Williams W. A. , Leonard O. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Amine and ester formulations of 2,4‐D did not reduce the germination of seed of rose clover, Trifolium hirtum All., produced after applications made during the rosette and early bud stages. However, seed and forage yields were reduced by both formulations, the ester formulation being more toxic than the amine. Both formulations drastically reduced seed production and germination when applied during the bloom stage. Neither form caused significant damage if applied when seed was ripe.
Effects of the Genes su1, su2, and du on Carbohydrates in Developing Maize Kernels1
Authors: Cameron James W. , Cole Donald A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The gene combinations su1 du and su1 su2, as contrasted to su1 alone, slowed the accumulation of starch in developing kernels on several inbred and hybrid backgrounds. Sugars and water‐soluble polysaccharides were not always affected, but improved eating quality was often recognized. When earworm had been present, the incidence of mold was increased on mature seed ears of all genotypes, but especially on ears of su1 su2.
Foliar and Soil Applications of Iron Compounds to Control Iron Chlorosis of Grain Sorghum1
Authors: Withee L. V. , Carlson C. W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Soil applications of iron compounds to correct iron deficiency chlorosis of grain sorghum in southwestern Kansas were somewhat effective but economically impractical. Spraying chlorotic grain sorghum with 3 sprays of 4% ferrous sulfate was an effective method of improving the yield of grain. Thirty gallons per acre of the spray solution were required.
Planting Methods for Improved Stands of Corn and Soybeans on Clay and Silt‐Loam Soils1
Authors: Haynes J. L. , Johnson W. H. , Stringfield G. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Removal of dry surface soil and pressing seed into the soil were advantageous to seedling emergence of corn and soybeans on winter‐plowed clay. Reduction of voids and clods and pressing the seed were advantageous on spring‐plowed clay. Reduction of voids was ad,antageous on spring‐plowed silt loam.
Precipitation‐Yield Relationships in Dryland Wheat Production on Medium to Fine Textured Soils of the Southern High Plains1
Authors: Army T. J. , Bond J. J. , Van Doren C. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

On the basis of long term weather records, alternate wheat‐fallow and wheat‐sorghum‐fallow can be expected to produce more than 10 bushels of wheat per acre approximately 80% of the time. Continuous cropping can be expected to produce more than 10 bushels of grain only 50% of the time. Other calculated frequencies of yield occurrence similarly favored the use of fallow for dryland wheat production.
Effect of Subsoiling and Deep Fertilizer Placement on Yields of Corn in Iowa and Illinois1
Authors: Larson W. E. , Lovely W. G. , Pesek J. T. , Burwell R. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Subsoiling to 16 and 24 inches depth did not increase corn yields in Iowa during 1955, 1956, and 1957. In Illinois, Subsoiling to 12 and 18 inches depth produced a significant corn yield response at the lower depth in only 2 out of 14 experiments in 1955 and 1956. Fertilizer placed deep in the subsoiled channel was not as effective as fertilizer plowed under in the Iowa experiments.
Aspects of Growth by Some Species of Trifolium Following Gamma Irradiation of the Seeds
Authors: Jones Ina , Plummer G. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Exposure to approximately 7100 r distinctly associated enhanced vigor with ionizing radiation in certain species. Increased height, up to 9%, was observed in T. pratense. Enhanced size does not appear to be associated with a particular height group.
Soil Fertility and the Organic Composition of Plants, Lysine, Arginine and Aspartic Acid Variations1
Authors: Reed Lester W. , Sheldon Victor L. , Albrecht William A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Lysine and arginine contents of bromegrass varied inversely with concentration of calcium and potassium in growth medium. Aspartic acid accounted for much of increased nitrogen content of bromegrass when heavily fertilized with nitrogen.
Effect of Clipping and Nitrogen Fertilization on Forage and Grain Yields of Spring Oats1
Authors: Gardner F. P. , Wiggans S. C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Delayed or repeated clipping beyond the 4‐leaf stage increased forage yield of two oat varieties. Single clippings at the 4‐, 5‐, and 7‐leaf stage reduced grain yield by 9, 28, and 98%, respectively. Clipping retarded floral development and reduced lodging and test weight. Nitrogen fertilization did not compensate for the deleterious clipping effect.
Viruses of Red Clover in Wisconsin1
Authors: Hanson E. W. , Hagedorn D. J.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Viruses inciting red clover vein mosaic, pea common mosaic, bean yellow mosaic, Wisconsin pea streak, alsike clover mosaic, and alfalfa mosaic were isolated repeatedly from naturally infected red clover. The first three were most prevalent. The symptoms incited by each virus varied sufficiently from clone to clone so that it was frequently impossible to distinguish the different diseases on the basis of symptoms. Clones differed in their reactions to the viruses studied; some showed a high level of resistance.
Stability and Concentration of Metal Chelates, Factors in Iron Chlorosis of Plants
Authors: Brown J. C. , Tiffin L. O. , Specht A. W. , Resnicky J. W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Four metal chelates, with different stability constants for Fe, were placed in nutrient solution. Three plant species were grown on these solutions. The absorption of Fe by one plant species appeared related to the stability constants of the metal chelates. There was no relationship between the stability constants of the metal chelates and the absorption of Fe by the other plant species. The stability of metal chelates may be altered at the root.
An Improved Nutrient Culture Technique for Growing Corn under Greenhouse Conditions1
Authors: Hageman R. H. , Flesher Donna , Wabol J. J. , Storck D. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

A nutrient culture technique has been devised for the production of vigorous healthy young corn plants under greenhouse conditions. The major innovation is the use of Amberlite IRC‐50 resin to buffer the nutrient media in the pH range 4.2 to 4.8. In this range, ferrous iron can be maintained in the media and phosphate concentrations raised to levels (0.5 mM. or higher) adequate for maximum growth, without inducing chlorosis.
A Glass‐Faced Planter Box for Field Observations on Roots1
Authors: Lavin Fred
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The box appears to be adapted to a wide variety of root investigations. Its main advantage is that repeated root observations can be made without disturbance on the same plant in the field.
The Sulfur Status and Sulfur Supplying Power of Oregon Soils1
Authors: Harward M. E. , Chao Tsun Tien , Fang S. C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Levels of organic S in soils were found to range from < 100 to > 700 ppm. Correlation coefficients for relative yields of alfalfa were in the order: sulfur “A” values, % S in plant, and extractable S plus sulfate release on incubation. A sulfur “A” value of 20 pounds per acre and a plant content of 0.22% S represented levels above which little response occurred. S application may affect nitrogen relationships of alfalfa.
Yield Response, Residual Nitrogen and Clover Content of an Irrigated Grass‐Clover Pasture as Affected by Various Rates and Frequencies of Nitrogen Application1
Authors: Maas E. F. , Webster G. R. , Gardner E. H. , Turley R. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Greatest yield response occurred in the month of application while the residual effect in the second month was small. Dividing the N among more frequent applications gave greater uniformity of yield but no increase. Frequency of N applications had no effect on the N content of the forage or the percentage clover. An increase in the N application rate increased the N content of the forage in spite of a reduction in the clover content.
Effects of Management on Food Reserves, Root Rot Incidence and Forage Yields of Medium Red Clover, Trifolium Pratense L.1
Authors: Colville W. L. , Torrie J. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Differences in the incidence of root rot and in the percentage total available carbohydrates in the roots explain in part the failure of red clover stands due to faulty management practices. Forage yields are dependent upon management procedure. Climatic factors are closely related to stand failures.
Potassium Fertilization of Intensively Manage Grasses under Humid Tropical Conditions1
Authors: Vicente‐Chandler José , Pearson Robert W. , Abruña Fernando , Silva Servando
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Grass yields responded strongly to yearly applications of up to 400 pounds of K per acre and at a slower rate to even higher applications. With 800 pounds of K, exchangeable soil K content was maintained and two‐thirds of the applied K was recovered in the forage. At the 1600‐pound rate, recovery in the forage was reduced but exchangeable soil K content was increased. K content of the forage increased with rates and with yields.
Effect of Precipitation and Long Term Nitrogen Fertilization on Nitrogen Uptake, Crude Protein Content and Yield of Bromegrass Forage1
Authors: Colville W. L. , Chesnin Leon , McGill D. P.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Average yields of forage were increased up to 380% with annual applications of nitrogen fertilizer. Applications of 120 pounds per acre of nitrogen resulted in the most efficient use of rainfall. Yields of forage were decreased at the higher levels of precipitation. Crude protein content of the forage was increased from 8.96 to 14.83% by adding 160 pounds per acre of N. Nitrogen recovery averaged between 54.7 to 73.9%.
Statistical Technique for Correcting Botanical or Floristic Estimates in Pasture Research1
Authors: Tiwari D. K. , Jackobs J. A. , Carmer S. G.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The bias associated with visual estimates can be removed if the true values for a few of the samples estimated can be determined. Equations for calculating the regression of the estimates on the actual values are given.
Effect of Nitrogen and Magnesium Nutrition on Pod and Seed Development in Canning Peas1
Authors: Klacan G. R. , Berger K. C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Numbers of pods and seeds were influenced by levels of nitrogen and magnesium. Low nitrogen early and high nitrogen late were detrimental to number of pods, seeds, and seed size. Deficient magnesium levels reduced both numbers of seeds and pods, while a slight deficiency only reduced numbers of pods.
Forage Yield and Composition of Teosinte, Corn, and Forage Sorghum Grown Under Irrigation1
Authors: Schmidt W. H. , Colville W. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Teosinte produced more forage on a wet basis but less dry matter per acre than either corn or forage sorghum. Neither forage quality nor yield was sufficiently great to place teosinte with corn or forage sorghum as a silage crop in irrigated regions of the central Great Plains.
Effects of Harvest Method and Moisture Content on Seed Quality of Smooth Bromegrass1
Authors: Horning E. V. , Canode C. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Smooth bromegrass seed containing from 65 to 12.5% moisture was harvested by 2 methods. Seed harvested by the simulated‐windrow method gave maximum seed weight, weight per shoot, and vigor score at 45.2% moisture; maximum seedling emergence at 52.1% moisture; and maximum laboratory germination at 60.8% moisture. Seed harvested by the simulated‐combine method gave maximum seed weight at 34.1% moisture, but maximum laboratory germination, seedling emergence, weight per shoot, and vigor score at 24.1% seed moisture content.
An Evaluation of the Plow‐Plant Method of Corn Planting1
Authors: Fanning D. S. , Brady N. C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Compared to the conventional tillage and planting procedure, the plow‐plant method of corn planting proved superior under cool and wet conditions and inferior under drier conditions and on a cloddy soil.
Influence of Fertilizer Treatments on Yield, Grain Protein, and Heading Dates of Five Wheat Varieties
Authors: Eck Harold V. , Tucker Billy B. , Schlehuber A. M.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Five wheat varieties exhibited like responses to seven N and P fertilizer treatments.
Effect of Shoreline Fluctations on Grasses Associated with Upstream Flood Prevention and Watershed Protection1
Authors: Gamble M. D. , Rhoades Edd D.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Knowledge of inundation tolerance of range and pasture grasses in the Southern Great Plains permits the development of criteria for establishing and managing grasses in the temporary impoundment basins of floodwater‐retarding structures. Grasses are listed in 4 major inundation tolerance groups as follows: Very strong—ln excess of 20 days; Strong—10 to 20 days; Moderate—5 to 10 days; and Mild—up to 5 days.
An Evaluation of the Visual Weight Estimation Method of Determining Botanical Composition of Forage Plots
Authors: Hunt O. J.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The visual weight estimation method of determining botanical composition was found to be extremely accurate. Certain biases which may be characteristic of the method were discussed. Education or orientation of estimators with known samples increased accuracy of estimates. Accuracy of estimates varied with relative composition of the samples.
Physiological Role in Regulating Transpiration Rate of the Cotton Plant1
Authors: Skidmore E. L. , Stone J. F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

A decrease in transpiration rate, which could not be explained on the basis of physical factors of the environment, was observed. Root impedance to water absorption and transmission was found to be approximately five times greater at the time of day when transpiration rate was greatly attenuated than at the time when transpiration was at a maximum. Transpiration rate was directly proportional to evaporative demand early in the day but later in the day when root: impedance was high, an inverse and less well defined relationship existed.
Oak Brush Control Improves Grazing Lands1
Authors: Elwell Harry M.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Investigations with 2,4,5‐trichlorophen‐oxyacetic acid (2,4,5‐T) and 2‐(2,4,5‐trichlorophenoxy) propionic acid (silvex) to control post oak (Quercus stellata Wang.), blackjack oak (Quercus marilandica Muench.), and dwarf chinquapin oak (Quercus prinoides Willd.) have shown them to be excellent chemicals for control of brush and release of native grasses.
Effect of Crop Sequence and Manure and Fertilizer Treatments on Crop Yields and Soil Fertility1
Authors: Hedlin R. A. , Ridley A. O.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Highest yields of wheat were obtained on fallow land. The next best place to grow wheat in the sequence was following either flax or corn. Lowest yields of wheat were obtained when it was grown following oats, barley or rye. Manure increased yields of all crops in the year applied and produced a residual effect on yield and on the level of easily extractable phosphorus.
Cotton Fruiting Efficiency: A Comparison of Methods of Measurement1
Authors: White T. G. , Kohel R. J.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Number of harvested bolls per unit of mature stalk weight appeared to estimate fruiting efficiency as well as number of counted bolls per unit of vegetative weight, or weight of fruit over weight of vegetative parts. An attempt to equate foliage volume with vegetative or stalk weight, to avoid plant sacrifice, did not prove successful.
Seasonal Pattern of Fructosan in Orchardgrass Stubble as Influenced by Nitrogen and Harvest Management1
Authors: Colby W. G. , Drake Mack , Field D. L. , Kreowski G.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Soluble carbohydrate in orchardgrass, as indicated by fructosan, decreased rapidly during the period of maximum vegetative development—maximum stem elongation and seed head development—indicating that this was a critical period for management. In each of 4 cuttings, fructosan was reduced by increments of N. Large N applications render orchardgrass susceptible to injury, but the combination of high temperature and low soil moisture cause it.
Effect of Row Spacing, Seeding Rate, and Potassium and Calcium Hydroxide Additions on Soybean Yields on Soils of Southern Illinois1
Authors: Reiss W. D. , Sherwood L. V.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Soybean performance was best in 24‐inch row spacings. Higher seeding rates tended to produce higher seed yields. The addition of potassium or lime singly reduced seed yields; in combination they increased seed yields.
Barley Growth, Water Use, and Mineral Composition as Influenced by Oxygen Exclusion from Specific Regions of the Root System1
Authors: Letey J. , Richardson W. F. , Valoras N.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Four treatments applied to the upper and lower halves of barley root systems consisted of A/A, N/A, A/N, and N/N where N represents very low oxygen (<1%) and A represents adequate oxygen in the order of upper/lower halves. Root weight in the upper half of A/A was similar to that in A/N and N/N was similar to N/A. In the lower half, the root weights of A/A and N/A were about equal and A/N equated N/N. Most water was removed from the half which had adequate oxygen. Top growth was highest under A/A and lowest under N/N.
Gas Evolution From Silage As A Diagnostic Tool For Chemical Reaction and Energy Losses1
Authors: Dexter S. T.
Published: July 2010

Gas evolution was measured from silages fermenting in air‐tight containers. Silages were fermented at different moisture contents by ensiling chopped alfalfa, immature corn, fully eared corn, and shelled corn of various moisture contents in each case. By assuming that the gas produced in the limited aerobic fermentation caused no change in volume, and that the volume of the gas collected resulted largely from anaerobic fermentation to ethyl alcohol, loss in sugar and energy could be calculated. In each case, the more immature the crop and the higher the moisture content in a crop of any maturity, the lower the production of carbon dioxide per gram of dry matter. With damper silages, fermenting to a final pH of about 4, samples treated with calcium carbonate produced an extra volume of gas that was essentially identical to that of the carbon dioxide available from the calcium carbonate in an acid solution. Drier silages often produced a much higher pH, and little extra CO2 when treated with calcium carbonate. The production of an additional 2% of lactic acid (neutralized by the added lime) appeared to require no additional evolution of carbon dioxide in anaerobic fermentation.