bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perkembangan Perangkat lunak
Authors: Zein Hendara Utama
Published: May 2020

Perkembangan perangkat lunak
Help or Flight? Increased threat imminence promotes defensive helping in humans
Authors: Vieira Joana , Schellhaas Sabine , Enström Erik , Olsson Andreas
Published: May 2020

Defensive responses to threatening situations vary with threat imminence, but it is unknown how those responses affect decisions to help others. Here, we manipulated threat imminence to investigate the impact of different defensive states on helping behaviour. Ninety-eight participants made trial-by-trial decisions about whether to help a co-participant avoid an aversive shock, at the risk of receiving a shock themselves. Helping decisions were prompted under imminent or distal threat, based on temporal distance to the moment of shock administration to the co-participant. Results showed that, regardless of how likely participants were to also receive a shock, they helped the co-participant more under imminent than distal threat. Individual differences in empathic concern were specifically correlated with helping during imminent threats. These results suggest defensive states driving active escape from immediate danger also facilitate decisions to help others, potentially by engaging neurocognitive systems implicated in caregiving across mammals.
Moral Reframing Increases Support for Economically Progressive Candidates
Authors: Voelkel Jan G. , Mernyk Joseph S. , Willer Robb
Published: May 2020

While most Americans perceive current levels of inequality in the US as too high, economically progressive candidates who champion redistributive policies designed to reduce inequality rarely win elections. Here we propose that progressive candidates achieve greater support by framing their policy platforms in terms of values that resonate beyond their progressive base. In two experiments (total N = 4,138), including one pre-registered experiment conducted on a national probability sample, we found that a presidential candidate who framed his progressive economic platform using values consistent with the “binding” moral foundations – e.g., patriotism, family, and respect for tradition – as opposed to values consistent with the “individualizing” foundations – e.g., equality and social justice – received significantly stronger support. This effect was driven by increased support among conservatives and, unexpectedly, among moderates as well. By comparison, a manipulation of how progressive the candidate’s platform was had small and inconsistent effects. Despite the potential gains associated with binding framing, analyses using (a) text-based analysis of every word spoken in a presidential debate since 2000, and (b) machine learning-based measures of recent presidential candidates’ economic views, reveal that appeals to binding values are least common among economically progressive candidates. These findings show, however, that the alignment between values and economic policies is malleable, suggesting economically progressive candidates can build broader coalitions by reframing the values they associate with their platforms.
Attention constraints and learning in categories
Authors: Bhui Rahul , Jiao Peiran
Published: May 2020

Many decision makers are thought to economize on attention by processing information at the simpler level of a category. We directly test whether such category focus reflects an adaptive response to attention constraints, in five preregistered experiments using an information sampling paradigm with mouse tracking. Consistent with rational principles, participants focus more on category-level information when individual differences are small, when the category contains more members, and when time constraints are more severe, though cognitive load has no effect. Participants are sensitive to the statistical structure of the category even when it must be learned from experience, and they respond to a latent shift in this structure. Beliefs about category members tend to cluster together more when category focus is high—a key element of rational inattention. However, this is counteracted by greater weight placed on salient and idiosyncratic information when the category is large. Our results broadly substantiate influential theories of categorical thinking, giving us a clearer view on the drivers and consequences of inattention.
Psychological/psychiatric impact of the novel coronavirus outbreak: lessons learnt from China and call for timely crisis interventions in Italy
Authors: Zeppegno Patrizia , Gramaglia Carla , Guerriero Chiara , Madeddu Fabio , Calati Raffaella
Published: May 2020

Background: The World Health Organization declared the Corona Virus Disease 19 (Covid-19) a pandemic in March 2020. Psychological impact of Covid-19 can be consisent and should be prevented with adequate measures. Methods: We performed a literature mini review searching for studies in PubMed focusing on the psychological/psychiatric impact of Covid-19.Results: The selection process yielded 34 papers focusing on the relation between Covid-19 and mental health: 9 correspondence, 8 letters to the editor, 7 commentaries, 3 editorials, 4 original studies, 2 brief reports, and 1 a rapid review. The majority of the articles were performed in China. They focused on the general population and particular categories considered more fragile, e.g., psychiatric patients, older adults, international migrant workers, homeless people. Authors are unanimous in believing that Covid-19 will likely increase the risk of mental health problems and worsen existing psychiatric disorders/symptoms in patients, exposed subjects, and staff. Together with the negative emotionality related to the unpredictability of the situation, uncertainty concerning the risk, excessive fear, fear of death, loneliness, guilt, stigma, denial, anger, frustration, boredome, some symptoms might appear such as insomnia until patophobia (specifically, coronaphobia), depressive and anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, and suicidal risk.Limitations: Literature is rapidly increasing and present results are only partial. Conclusions: Mental health care should not be overlooked in this moment. The experience of China should be of help for all the countries facing with Covid-19, among them Italy.
A Tentative Theory of Human's Thoughts and Behaviors
Authors: Wang Kai
Published: May 2020

This paper presents a new idea to understand human's thoughts and behaviors. Here, we propose a tentative theory of human's thoughts and behaviors, including the relativity of the thoughts, the relativity of the behaviors with thoughts, the inertia of the behaviors with thoughts and its corollary, the spiral advance of the human's thoughts, the procedure of the behaviors with thoughts, and a universal identity. This paper aims to provide a new method to know ourselves and lead human's life better. We design some experiments to check the theory lastly.
The Quantity of Quantum Information and Its Metaphysics
Authors: Penchev Vasil Dinev
Published: May 2020

The quantum information introduced by quantum mechanics is equivalent to that generalization of the classical information from finite to infinite series or collections. The quantity of information is the quantity of choices measured in the units of elementary choice. The qubit can be interpreted as that generalization of bit, which is a choice among a continuum of alternatives. The axiom of choice is necessary for quantum information. The coherent state is transformed into a well-ordered series of results in time after measurement. The quantity of quantum information is the ordinal corresponding to the infinity series in question. Number and being (by the meditation of time), the natural and artificial turn out to be not more than different hypostases of a single common essence. This implies some kind of neo-Pythagorean ontology making related mathematics, physics, and technics immediately, by an explicit mathematical structure.
The Transition from Sex to Gender in English Prisons: Human Rights and Queer Theory
Authors: Biggs Michael
Published: May 2020

This paper analyses how the prison system in England and Wales transitioned from sex to gender, from the 1990s to the 2010s. It traces the succession of criteria for allocating males to women’s prisons: first genital surgery, then legal sex, and finally gender identity. These changes can be explained by two distinct forces. The first was the expansion of human rights in the spheres of imprisonment and healthcare, largely through legal decisions. The second force can be called queer theory, which inspired activists and eventually shaped media coverage. Sustained pressure on the government led in 2016 to regulations which facilitated the transfer of males to the women’s estate. Predictably, one sexually assaulted female inmates. The paper concludes with this case, which illuminates the consequences of putting queer theory in to practice.
Problem of the direct quantum-information transformation of chemical substance
Authors: Penchev Vasil Dinev
Published: May 2020

Arthur Clark and Michael Kube–McDowell (“The Triger”, 2000) suggested the sci-fi idea about the direct transformation from a chemical substance to another by the action of a newly physical, “Trigger” field. Karl Brohier, a Nobel Prize winner, who is a dramatic persona in the novel, elaborates a new theory, re-reading and re-writing Pauling’s “The Nature of the Chemical Bond”; according to Brohier: “Information organizes and differentiates energy. It regularizes and stabilizes matter. Information propagates through matter-energy and mediates the interactions of matter-energy.” Dr Horton, his collaborator in the novel replies: “If the universe consists of energy and information, then the Trigger somehow alters the information envelope of certain substances –“.“Alters it, scrambles it, overwhelms it, destabilizes it” Brohier adds.There is a scientific debate whether or how far chemistry is fundamentally reducible to quantum mechanics. Nevertheless, the fact that many essential chemical properties and reactions are at least partly representable in terms of quantum mechanics is doubtless. For the quantum mechanics itself has been reformulated as a theory of a special kind of information, quantum information, chemistry might be in turn interpreted in the same terms.Wave function, the fundamental concept of quantum mechanics, can be equivalently defined as a series of qubits, eventually infinite. A qubit, being defined as the normed superposition of the two orthogonal subspaces of the complex Hilbert space, can be interpreted as a generalization of the standard bit of information as to infinite sets or series. All “forces” in the Standard model, which are furthermore essential for chemical transformations, are groups [U(1),SU(2),SU(3)] of the transformations of the complex Hilbert space and thus, of series of qubits.One can suggest that any chemical substances and changes are fundamentally representable as quantum information and its transformations. If entanglement is interpreted as a physical field, though any group above seems to be unattachable to it, it might be identified as the “Triger field”. It might cause a direct transformation of any chemical substance by from a remote distance. Is this possible in principle?
COVID-19: impact on the urban food retail system, diet and health inequalities in the UK
Authors: Cummins Steven , Berger Nicolas , Cornelsen Laura , Eling Judith , Er Vanessa , Greener Robert , Kalbus Alexandra , Karapici Amanda , Law Cherry , Ndlovu Denise , Yau Amy
Published: May 2020

COVID-19 has focused minds on the resilience of the urban food system in supplying adequate food to the whole population as the result of a massive external shock. In this commentary we sketch out four of the plausible changes to urban food retail systems that might occur as a result of the pandemic in the UK, and how this might affect population diet and dietary inequalities.
Are Certain Elections More Predictable than Others? A Series of Bivariate Analyses of the Impact of Electoral Characteristics Upon the Predictability of British National Elections from 1945 to 2017.
Authors: Tudor Jack
Published: May 2020

Despite a wealth of literature existing with regards to electoral prediction, no pieces exist that address whether certain elections are more predictable than others. Indeed, the existing literature invariably focuses upon the accuracy and efficacy of the methods used to predict elections, without addressing the nature of the elections that are being predicted. Consequently, a fundamental avenue of enquiry remains unexplored within the current literature, resulting in a stark and surprising lacuna and rendering the dominant paradigm problematic. To remedy this deficiency, this paper addresses whether certain elections are more predictable than others and ascertains which characteristics cause their predictability to vary. Owing to both temporal and spatial limitations, electoral predictability is addressed with a specific focus on British national elections from 1945 to 2017. In order to achieve its aims, this paper engages in a series of bivariate analyses between measures of predictive accuracy and electoral characteristics. Specifically, the correlation between the total dichotomous and total mean absolute error exhibited by pre-election polls conducted for the twenty-three studied elections and six specified electoral characteristics is ascertained and utilised to draw conclusions. Ultimately, this paper finds that certain elections are indeed more predictable than others, with certain characteristics having a greater impact on the studied measures of predictability than others. However, due to both the small size of the utilised data set and its limited scope, it is accepted that the conclusions drawn are only indicative in nature. Despite this, owing to the unique nature of this paper, it is hoped that the conclusions drawn will provide a foundation for the future exploration of this hitherto unexplored avenue of enquiry to further our collective understanding of the predictability of elections.
Social comparison increases the dispersion and predictability of effort and performance
Authors: Tsvetkova Milena , Müller Sebastian , Vuculescu Oana , Ham Haylee , Sergeev Rinat
Published: May 2020

Ranking in contests and competitions is often used to motivate individual contributions but it can have negative impact on the group. Here, we study the effect of social comparison on the dispersion and predictability of individual performance. We hypothesize that the effects of social comparison on effort will differ for top-performers and bottom-performers in a way that the inequality between the two increases. We use a quasi-experimental design to test our predictions with data from Topcoder, an online crowdsourcing platform that publishes computer programming contests. We find that in contests where the submitted code is evaluated against others' submissions, rather than using an absolute scale, top-performers increase their effort while bottom-performers decrease it. As a result, relative scoring leads to a higher dispersion and somewhat higher predictability of performance, strengthening the status quo and precluding under-performers from engaging and learning. Our findings expose the drawbacks of using gamified competitions, rankings, and relative evaluations in learning environments and organizations.
The COVID-19 epidemic in rural U.S. counties
Authors: Cohen Philip N.
Published: May 2020

Having first reached epidemic proportions in coastal metropolitan areas, COVID-19 has spread around the country. Reported case rates vary across counties from zero to 126 per thousand population (around a state prison in the rural county of Trousdale, Tennessee). Overall, rural counties are underrepresented relative to their share of the population, but a growing proportion of all daily cases and deaths have been reported in rural counties. This analysis uses daily reports for all counties to present the trends and distribution of COVID-19 cases and deaths in rural counties, from late March to May 21, 2020. I describe the relationship between population density and case rates in rural and non-rural counties. Then I focus on noteworthy outbreaks linked to prisons, meat and poultry plants, and nursing homes, many of which are linked to high concentrations of Hispanic, American Indian, and Black populations. The growing epidemic in rural counties is apparently driven by outbreaks concentrated in these institutional settings, which are conducive to transmission. The impact of the epidemic in rural areas may be heightened due to their weaker health infrastructure and more vulnerable populations, especially due to age, socioeconomic status, and health conditions. As a result, the epidemic may contribute to the ongoing decline of health, economic, and social conditions in rural areas.
Explanatory Item Response Models for Dyadic Data from Multiple Groups
Authors: Murphy James
Published: May 2020

Like other quantitative social scientists, network researchers benefit from pooling information from multiple observed variables to infer underlying (latent) attributes or social processes. Appropriate network data for this task is increasingly available. The inherent dependencies in relational data, however, pose unique challenges. This is especially true for those involved in the ascendant tasks of cross-network comparisons or multilevel network analysis. The author draws on item response theory and multilevel (mixed effects) modeling to propose a methodological approach that accounts for these dependencies and allows the analyst to model variation of latent dyadic traits across relations, actors, and groups precisely and parsimoniously. Examples demonstrate the approach’s utility for three important research areas: tie strength in adolescent friendships, group differences in how discussing personal problems relates to tie strength, and the analysis of multiple relations.
WAYS OF RADICAL CHANGE OF THE IMAGE OF TAX AND CUSTOMS OFFICERS
Authors: Anna Harutyunyan  , Tigran Harutyunyan
Published: May 2020

Tax and customs system is a multifunctional structure, therefore, in order to ensure unified application of the legislation, professional training of staff should be organized by means of guidelines, workshop discussions, qualification trainings and other instruments, which should be attended by the employees of territorial and regional tax and customs authorities. Along with implementation of legislative reforms and application of advanced technologies for increase of confidence in tax system and expansion of capabilities, the role of a professional tax officer is of high importance.
EVALUATION OF EFFICIENCY IN THE BANKING SYSTEM IN REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
Authors: Lopotenco Viorica
Published: May 2020

The main objective of this study is to evaluate and analyze the efficiency of the banking system of the Republic of Moldova. To this end, efficiency is determined by the econometric approach, which is calculated by the ratio between outputs and inputs and can be described as the distance between inputs and outputs. For this purpose, the input-oriented CRS efficiency analysis was chosen, as well as the slack analysis of performance in DEAFrontier Software. The intermediation approach has been used in the banks' efficiency assessment. This approach regards the bank as an intermediary of financial services and assumes that banks collect funds for deposits with labor and capital and convert them into loans and other assets.The conclusions of this study consist in the fact that through realized analysis the evolution of the efficiency of the Moldovan banking system over the last years, as well as the banks with problems in this chapter, has been highlighted.
DECISION-MAKING IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE TAX AUTHORITIES ON THE BASIS OF INTEGRATED PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Authors: Oleksandr Redych
Published: May 2020

The paper highlights the results of applying the methodology of integral convolution of key indicators of economic efficiency of territorial subdivisions of the tax authority of the state: results of tax collection, productivity, cost, dynamics of indicators. The criteria for grouping of territorial tax divisions according to the values of the indicator of effectiveness for the purpose of making tactical and strategic management decisions are formed. The paper formulates recommendations on the use of the proposed approach in goal- setting when making managerial decisions based on the "sigma" management.
ОЦЕНКА ВЛИЯНИЯ СФЕРЫ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ НА ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ СТРАНЫ
Authors: Ахмедова Эсмира М.
Published: May 2020

This article indicates the results a comparative analysis the financing of the advanced countries of the world and similar indicators of Azerbaijan during the period active development of education and modernization of the economy. The methodology work is the fundamental works of foreign scientists, such as reports of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), human development index indicators in the field of determining and assessing the dependence of socio-economic development on public investment in education. It is displayed that Azerbaijan has resources and potential for growth of human capital, for social and economic development of the country. On the basis of the research, some conclusions and proposals are presented that contribute to improving the prospects for the economic development of Azerbaijan.
APPLICATION OF THE “PREDATOR-PREY” MODEL FOR ANALYSIS AND FORECASTING THE SHARE OF THE MARKET OF MOBILE OPERATING SYSTEMS
Authors: Olena Nikolaieva  , Yevheniia Bochko
Published: May 2020

The study is aimed to analyze the dynamic behavior of indicators of the market share of operating systems of mobile devices using the modified Lotka-Volterra model. Using the solution of an optimization problem, the coefficients of a system of differential equations in the case of two and three competitors are estimated on the basis of real statistical data, and special points and properties of data from dynamic systems are investigated. Based on the numerical integration of the obtained equations, predictions are made of the market share of mobile operating systems Android and iOS.
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К РАЗВИТИЮ ГОСТИНИЧНОГО БИЗНЕСА В МИРЕ И ПРАКТИКЕ КАЗАХСТАНА
Authors: Gyuzel Ishkinina  , Anastassia Shvedchikova
Published: May 2020

The article provides an analysis of the development of hotel in Kazakhstan for 2015-2018. The study is based on statistical information about results of the work hotels according to data from Statistics Committee Ministry of National Economy Republic of Kazakhstan. Moreover, in this article is studied modern innovative approaches to development of hotel in the world, to assess their implementation into practice Kazakh hotels. The results of research confirm the improvement of developing of hotel in Kazakhstan for 2015-2018 and slow implementation innovative approaches to development of Kazakh hotels.
ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНА ПРИВАБЛИВІСТЬ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ: СУТНІСТЬ, ФАКТОРИ ВПЛИВУ, МЕТОДИЧНІ ПІДХОДИ
Authors: Роганова Г. О.
Published: May 2020

Ефективне функціонування суб’єктів господарювання, їхній стійкий стан майже неможливі без здійснення інвестицій, оскільки саме інвестиції дозволяють досягати підприємствам подальшого розширення і розвитку виробництва; відновлення основних фондів, підвищення технічного рівня виробництва, відповідно, і конкурентоспроможності підприємства на ринку.Стаття присвячена розв’язанню теоретичних, методичних та практичних проблем оцінки інвестиційної привабливості суб’єктів господарювання.
ОСОБИСТІ ФІНАНСИ ТА ФІНАНСИ ДОМОГОСПОДАРСТВ ЯК РЕЗЕРВ ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО ЗРОСТАННЯ РЕГІОНІВ
Authors: Чечетова Н. Ф.  , Чечетова-Терашвілі Т. М.
Published: May 2020

The influence of macro- and microeconomic environment to the management of households finance is investigated, and the basic methods and instruments of the management of households finance in the modern terms of the domestic economy are described. The article deals with the identification of additional resources investment as factors for the growth regional product. It is concluded that the importance of the household sector as a source of increasing the volume of investment, the transformation of which investment resources of the economy will enhance the coordination of interests of the population and territory, the conclusion of regional economies on the path of sustainable economic growth.
POSSIBILITIES OF DEVELOPING A SINGLE FOOD MARKET IN THE COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL ASIA
Authors: G. Sultanova  , Kh. Karimova
Published: May 2020

Central Asia experienced major socio-economic shocks during the 1990s, which has increased food insecurity, malnutrition, and poverty. In response, Central Asia has adopted food self-sufficiency policies. This paper argues that regional and international trade can improve food security if implemented properly. However, a new constraint on food trade has arisen — food safety. Using food commodity data and analysis from Trade Map, this paper analyzes Central Asia’s intra-region food security policies. Evidence shows that food safety practices will affect internal food trade in Central Asia. Finally, a framework for creating a single food market is proposed.
NEUROMARKETING − A TOOL FOR INFLUENCING CONSUMER BEHAVIOR
Authors: Rano Nazarova  , Tuychiev Komilzhon Lazizovich
Published: May 2020

Modern marketers use the latest scientific achievements in their work. One of the new techniques in their practice is called neuromarketing. It involves scanning consumers' brains while viewing ads and consuming products. The article highlights the concept of neuromarketing, its scope, methods and directions of neuromarketing in the modern world, as well as some examples of the use of neuromarketing.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННЫМИ РИСКАМИ В СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВЕ НКР
Authors: Анжела Алешаевна Барсегян
Published: May 2020

Recent structural changes in the economy of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic have had a significant impact on the entire public relations system, obliging to review the mechanisms for making economic decisions as primary ones. The formation of NKR coincided with the collapse of the USSR and with the radical changes in the system of economic relations that led to this. Since its formation, local authorities have adopted a strategy for the development of the construction sector by stimulating investment, which intends the creation of a favorable investment environment and the development of an appropriate infrastructure. Despite the fact that NKR construction sector has great potential for attracting investments, the level of foreign investors’ activity in this area is quite low. The main reason is probably a high risk level, which is determined by such factors as political instability in the region, the geographical location of NKR, its economic isolation, an incomplete legal framework, and the underdevelopment of financial and market infrastructures. As a result, many investment projects, including cost-effective and efficient ones, are not implemented.Uncertainty associated with the possibility of adverse situations and consequences during the implementation of the project is characterized by the concept of “risk”. The effectiveness of the risk management organization is largely determined by the classification of risk. Depending on the main cause of the risk (basic or natural risk), the classification of risks associated with the implementation of investment construction projects provides a favorable basis for a clear and reasonable risk assessment, which is one of the crucial factors in the effectiveness of the risk management process.
ОЦІНКА ВПЛИВУ ПАРАМЕТРІВ ЯКОСТІ ТРАНСПОРТНОЇ ПОСЛУГИ МІСЬКОГО ПАСАЖИРСЬКОГО ПІДПРИЄМСТВА- ПЕРЕВІЗНИКА НА ТРАНСПОРТНУ ПОВЕДІНКУ В МІСТІ КИЄВІ
Authors: Петровська Світлана Іванівна
Published: May 2020

The rapid significant increase in the quality of the process of passenger transportation by Kyiv public transport can be a powerful motivation to increase the frequency of its use. However, the parameters of the desired change in the quality of urban transport remain unknown, which leads to its chaotic management. Two trends in urban passenger traffic quality research are common. The first approach deals with measuring the operating parameters of the transport system, and the second one focuses on the research of customers' opinions regarding transport services. However, none of the scientists focuses fully on the specific human behavioral responses to the quality of the city's passenger transportation service, when urban transport is opposed to a private car. Because of this, the assessment of the quality of urban passenger transport requires the development of special tools. It is already clear today that not all traditional approaches used in studies of transport behavior that depend on the quality structure may be suitable for this.
PLACE AND ROLE OF MODERN REGION IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMICAL SYSTEM
Authors: Oleh Tkach  , Tetiana Masliak
Published: May 2020

Economical regional orient has been investigated with considering an economical process forming and organization by the modern period. The role of leading link in this process is played by reproductive structures – regions – but not by industrial ones – enterprises. The very non-commercial structures are leading link in economic sustainable development. Regional oriental- economical system is an element of state, macro regional and global economic spaces that has distinctly expressed hierarchical structure. The development of regional oriental economical system corresponds to cyclic law and undergoes to various influences. The supply of competitiveness of regions influenced by global tendencies supplying oriental unity, sustainability and management is the main challenge in oriental regional development.
РАЗВИТИЕ БРЕНДА КАК ФАКТОР ПОВЫШЕНИЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТИ ТОВАРОВ НА РЫНКЕ
Authors: Ниязметова Ёкутхон Ботир
Published: May 2020

The basic theoretical aspects and various approaches of the concepts of product competitiveness and branding are considered, the relationship between the concepts is shown, a full explanation of the important role of branding in improving product competitiveness is given.
RESEARCH OF MULTIPLE INVESTMENT STRATEGIES USING A SHORT AND LONG POSITION
Authors: Usef Al Mawadeh
Published: May 2020

The construction of an optimal portfolio of securities is one of the main tasks of managing the financial system, in which individual assets are only a component part. However, each asset also requires a separate study.I gave the article building an investment portfolio with a zero strategy, comprising borrowing some assets and buying other assets for the same amount. The study comprised choosing the length of the historical horizon, the ranking criterion and the portfolio structure that ensured the maximum investor income.
ВЛИЯНИЕ «ЗЕЛЕНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ» НА ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ И ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКУЮ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ КАЗАХСТАНА
Authors: Лактионова Н. В.  , Изтаева А. А.
Published: May 2020

Kazakhstan has a huge potential for the use of renewable energy sources, while being the state with the highest rates of greenhouse gas emissions in Central Asia. Despite significant economic, social and environmental benefits, the share of renewable energy in Kazakhstan's electricity production remains low, at 1.1% in 2017. The government intends to increase this figure to 50% by 2050. While Kazakhstan is experiencing some difficulties in diversifying its economy and energy resources, the inclusive concept of green growth is particularly important for the country.The adopted Strategy Kazakhstan 2050: A New Political Course of the Established State «Strategy - 2050» sets clear guidelines for building a sustainable and efficient economic model based on the country’s transition to a green development path.The article analyzes the current status of the transition to «green economy» including the development of renewable energy, green building, environmentally friendly transport, waste management, sustainable and efficient organic agriculture, and rational use of water resources. The scientific article focuses on the key risks, problems and obstacles to the development of the «green economy» in Kazakhstan, as well as offers recommendations and measures to solve existing problems. In addition, the article examines the methods of the government's transition to a «green economy», within which the planned tasks of a large-scale transition to a «green economy» are to be fulfilled.The article can be useful for those who are interested in sustainable economic growth: the government, energy companies, investors in the field of renewable energy and society as a whole.
ASSESSMENT OF THE INDICATORS INFLUENCING THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL BUSINESSES
Authors: Iskandarova Mehriban Mirkasym
Published: May 2020

The article analyzes the role of small and medium-sized businesses in the economic development of the country and assesses the factors affecting to the growth of small business income through the use of the Eviews software package. The study showed that the amount of capital investment plays a significant role in the development of small businesses.
DEVELOPMENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF INNOVATION FORMS OF SOCIAL CAPITAL ACCUMULATION IN UKRAINE
Authors: Nafus I.
Published: May 2020

In the article author defines the essence of social capital and basic theoretical approaches to its understanding. The possibility of diversification and dissemination of innovative forms of social capital accumulation in Ukraine have been proved. It is shown that new forms of manifestation and realization of social capital are emerging, which create new opportunities for socialization of economic relations and formation of new public institutions, which can reverse the development of the economy and the accumulation of social capital. It describes such new forms of social capital as: social entrepreneurship, social Internet networks, freelancing, sharing economy, digitization of economic entities interaction, crowdfunding, crowdsourcing, crowdsourcing, e-government, creation of “digital” communities, specially designed programs and projects, the task of which is to stimulate the activity of citizens and regulate their participation in solving local issues, the formation of corporate social capital, the creation of special social institutions at the global level.
HISTORICAL AND DYNAMIC REVIEW OF POLISH AND AZERBAIJANI RELATIONS (FROM CULTURAL RELATIONS TO ECONOMIC RELATIONS)
Authors: Toghrul Allahmanli
Published: May 2020

Cultural ties are primarily based on economic relations between Poland and Azerbaijan. These links, which date back to the fifteenth century, have always been in the ascending direction. The visits of Azerbaijani intellectuals to Poland in the 19th century, as well as the interest of Polish Orientalists to Azerbaijani literature and culture are indicative of this. The great epic “Koroglu”, created by the Azerbaijani people, was first published by Polish Orientalists and published as a book. In addition, at the beginning of the 20th century, the most magnificent architectural monuments in Baku were created by Polish architects. After Russia's occupation of Azerbaijan, a significant number of prominent intellectuals fled to Poland. The policy pursued by Azerbaijan in the cultural, economic and political spheres since the 1990s is a new milestone in the history of both Poland and Azerbaijan. All of this makes it clear that historical links are on the rise.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ЗАДАЧИ ЭФФЕКТИВНОГО РАЗВИТИЯ СЕТЕЙ 5G В УСЛОВИЯХ ОПТИМИЗАЦИИ РАСХОДОВ
Authors: Махкамов Бахтиёр Шухратович
Published: May 2020

The article analyzes problems and tasks of effective deployment and development of 5G networks in the context of cost optimization.
THE STRATEGIC ISSUES OF INFLATION TARGETING IN THE CONTEXT OF ECONOMIC GROWTH
Authors: Artur Karapet Ayrumyan
Published: May 2020

The aim of this study is to test the relationship between inflation and GDP in the RA. Before estimating this relationship, we have checked the order of integration of the variables. Finally, we can see that there is a negative relationship between inflation and GDP in the RA, at least in the short run, which is consistent with most of the theories that have been developed throughout the years.
FIRM PRODUCTIVITY AND IMPORTING BETWEEN UKRAINE AND CHINA
Authors: Goroshko Maryna
Published: May 2020

This paper attempts to explore China’s economic interest in Ukraine, a country which is in an advantageous geographic location with relation to China. Considering its position in the global map, Ukraine has the potential to become a transit hub for China. This has huge economic repercussions in Ukraine since China is the second most important EU trading partner after USA. Ukraine can thus take advantage of being a unique transit hub for China in the Silk Road. Instrumental background to Ukraine economic relations with China

In spite of having a huge market potential, Ukraine did not share an optimistic trade relation with China. The country’s unstable political environment along with having investment risks induces China to maintain a cautious approach toward Ukraine. However, due to a positive political relationship between the two countries, Ukraine can play in favour of China’s strategy to strengthen the Silk Road Economic Belt. Although this facilitates China’s trading relationship with Russia and the EU, the current crisis in Ukraine has become a concern for China since it does not want to play the role of diplomatic intermediary in Ukraine crisis. China chooses its strategic partners usually based on a couple of factors. The country has to be China’s neighboring country as it can then become a close economic ally, and also the chosen country has to be large in size as China can use it to develop strategic partnership to fulfill its economic goals. However, Ukraine does not fall under any of the categories and so it fulfills a third category which is also another category that is considered by China. Ukraine shows a great potential for economic development, which is important for China as it needs to establish strong economic ties with the country in order to get benefitted in other areas. Moreover, China is also able to encase the history of friendly relationship that it shares with Ukraine, and also Ukraine’s strong geographical position enables China to engage in regional cooperation. Finally, China looks for opportunities of cooperation as this can enhance the strategic relationship between two countries and Ukraine serves such opportunities.
INCREASE OF COMPETITIVENESS OF THE ENTERPRISE BY ELECTRONIC BUSINESS TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Nataliya Demchenko  , Diana Zoidze
Published: May 2020

The article deals with global trends in e-commerce, especially conducting e-commerce in Ukraine. The article also explores the positive and negative factors affecting the development of e-commerce enterprises in Ukraine. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of the stages of development of e-commerce in the enterprise, issues of enterprise management in terms of focusing on e-business in the modern conditions of informatization and globalization.
ДЕРЖАВНІ ЗАПОЗИЧЕННЯ, ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ ФІНАНСОВОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ В УМОВАХ ВІЙСЬКОВОГО КОНФЛІКТУ
Authors: Анастасія Петрівна Софієнко
Published: May 2020

The article deals with the problem of debt borrowing in the context of a military conflict. It is proved that state borrowings play a significant role in the context of a sharp reduction of state budget revenues caused by military actions. The experience of countries in which military conflicts have reached a logical conclusion, as well as those where they are still ongoing (including in Ukraine) are considered. It is substantiated that the accumulation of public debt, in particular the external ones, during the war lays the basis for a long- term debt crisis in the country, which negatively affects the development of the economy as a whole. It is proved that under the conditions of intervention of the international community, the aggressor country may be compelled to pay compensation to the injured party. At the same time, the analysis of modern wars gives grounds to conclude that the vast majority of them are hybrid, and therefore, the country under such conditions will solve the problem of the debt crisis, mostly on its own, using its available resources (raw materials, natural, material, human, etc.).
ВОПРОСЫ ОЗДОРОВЛЕНИЯ БАНКОВСКОГО СЕКТОРА КАЗАХСТАНА
Authors: Н. А. Гумар  , Г. К. Жанибекова
Published: May 2020

Monetary policy is affected by a slowdown in economic growth. In the formation of financial stability cannot do without measures to improve the banking sector.Obviously, the accumulation of risks in this area is fraught with the inability of the banking sector to show resilience to external shocks.The banking sector rehabilitation program in Kazakhstan is a wide range of activities, including the assessment of the quality of banks 'assets, so-called stress testing, and support for SLBs from the resources of the National Bank, provided that they are capitalized by second-level banks' shareholders.The main directions of the Program are: increasing the financial stability of the system-forming bank; Increasing financial stability of large STBs and change the regulatory and supervisory environment to improve the financial stability of the banking sector.
ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ГНУЧКОСТІ СИСТЕМИ ГОСПОДАРЮВАННЯ ЗАЛІЗОРУДНОГО ПІДПРИЄМСТВА ЗА УМОВ НЕСТАБІЛЬНОСТІ ПАРАМЕТРІВ ЙОГО РИНКОВОГО ПРОСТОРУ
Authors: Куліш Олександр Алімович
Published: May 2020

In crisis conditions of entrepreneurial activity and in the conditions of instability of the market environment, the issue of providing flexibility to the iron and steel enterprises management system becomes of paramount importance in order to optimize their production programs and maximize profitability. The article generates a generalized sequence of phases of the life cycle of iron ore production for specific periods of its operation in certain sectors of the market space. The phases of the life cycle of iron ore products are planned, which are planned to be implemented on priority and, to some extent, unpredictable sectors of the market space.The conceptual provisions of the system of monitoring the situation in the strategic zones of management of the iron ore enterprise have been developed, which allows solving the cardinal issues related to long-term forecasting taking into account adjustment of strategic goals and ways of their achievement in the field of modernization, technical re-equipment, reconstruction, reengineering, reorganization, reforming, restructuring of the iron ore enterprise.
НЕКОТОРЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ МАЛОГО БИЗНЕСА И ЧАСТНОГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА В УЗБЕКИСТАНЕ
Authors: Файзулла Талипов
Published: May 2020

The article discusses issues of support of small business and entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan as well as service industries and their improvement. It traces the achievements and problems, and their solutions.
СУЧАСНА ПРАВОВА МОДЕЛЬ СУСПІЛЬНИХ ВІДНОСИН СФЕРИ ЕЛЕКТРОННИХ ДОВІРЧИХ ПОСЛУГ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Костенко Олексій Володимирович
Published: May 2020

Legal relationships in the field of electronic trust services and digital signatures are regulated by the norms of international and national legislation, which provide a broad range of legal rights and obligations of legal entities in general. However, there are many areas of legal relations that are actually carried out by actors, but they are not regulated or insufficiently regulated by law. Thus, today the procedures for cross-border recognition of digital signatures certificates and electronic trust services are not regulated. It is social relations that arise during these procedures and processes that are subject to legal regulation, first of all, in the legislation of Ukraine.Taking into account the aforementioned objective of this article, there is a scientific analysis of the social relations existing in Ukraine in the field of digital signatures and electronic trust services, the development of proposals for the creation of a modern model of legal regulation of the operation of this sphere in a cross-border mode.The development of legislation and the introduction of the proposed new model of public relations will enable the application of modern rules of law for the recognition of foreign digital signature certificates and electronic trust services in a cross-border mode.
НУРАТА ‒ СВЯЩЕННЫЙ ГОРОД МУСУЛЬМАН
Authors: Суннатов Н. Б.
Published: May 2020

According to the researchers and archeologists Nurato city(Uzbekistan) was built in the ancient century and here is preserved runs of fortressof Nurata – wall of “Pirosta” (IV-VI centuries). The toponym of Nurato is formed around the water source – spring. Giving the beam that reaches to the heavens, the carts that is not found elsewhere. “A ray divine” rises to the sky from “chashma”, therefore curious tourists rush to see this unique appearance of nature.
Does Waiting Time from Diagnosis to Treatment Affect Outcome in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer? Real World Data Analysis
Authors: Hasson Shira Peleg , Barenboim Alex , Tulchinsky Hagit , Wolf Ido , Ospovat Inna , Geva Ravit , Pelles Sharon , Hasson Shira Peleg
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Rectal cancer is a common and lethal disease, with approximately 44,180 new cases of
diagnosed annually in the United States and a five-year survival of 67% [1, 2]. The interval from diagnosis
to chemoradiation treatment, or waiting time (WT), is considered to be an important quality indicator for
cancer care and has been demonstrated to be associated with oncologic outcomes in various cancers [3, 4].
The current recommendation for pre-treatment staging evaluation includes rigid proctoscopy, PET CT,
transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and often rectal MRI. These diagnostic procedures may significantly
postpone the start of treatment. We aim to examine the effect of WT on overall survival (OS) and disease
free survival (DFS) of rectal cancer patients.
Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed in a detailed database of patients with resectable primary
rectal cancer who underwent chemoradiation between January 2000 and January 2019. Univariate and
multivariate cox proportional hazard regressions were conducted in order to evaluate the effect of WT on
oncological outcomes.
Results: 387 patients were enrolled in our database; of them 297 patients were eligible by the inclusion
criteria. Median WT was 6.3 weeks (IQR 4.3-8.7). Multivariate analysis showed adjusted Hazard Ratio
(HR) for OS increases by 1.07 for each additional week of therapeutic delay in all age groups (p=0.025).
Furthermore, focusing on the majority of patients in the age group 45 - 70 years, adjusted HR for OS
increases by 1.12 for each additional week of therapeutic delay (p=0.011). Adjusted HR for DFS increases
by 1.06 for each additional week of therapeutic delay in all age groups (p=0.045) and an increment by 1.09
for each additional week of therapeutic delay in age group 45-70 years (p=0.02).
Conclusion: Prolonged WT leads to significant poorer overall survival in patients with primary rectal cancer
who underwent chemoradiation and curative surgical treatment. This marks the importance of efficient
diagnostic evaluation and clinical multidisciplinary decision making in a timeframe of 6 weeks in order to
not jeopardize oncological outcomes.
Synthesis, Characterization and Cytotoxic Studies of Benzamide Derivatives of Anacardic Acid using Human Liver Cancer Cells
Authors: Rangappa Dinesh , . Basappa , Rangappa Dinesh , Thanuja K.N. , Rangappa Kanchugarakoppal S. , Rani M. Navya , Swaroop Toreshetahally R.
Published: May 2020

Naturally occurring anacardic acid based benzamides were reported to show anti-inflammatory and
anticancer activities, where we synthesized and characterized by NMR and HRMS analysis and also tested
a series of anacardic acid based benzamides and evaluated against the proliferation of human liver cancer
cells (HepG2). Among the tested compounds, 6j-m showed good inhibitory activity against HepG2 cells
with IC50 values ranging from 78.2-91.9 μM. In conclusion, we herein reported the newer series of an
academic acid benzamides for the first time.