bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New physical models and design approaches for gate turn-off thyristors
Authors:   , Dutta Ranadeep , Rothwarf Allen
Published: January 2022

The gate turn-off thyristor (GTO) is the only power semiconductor, with self turn-off capability, that can be used for switching voltages above 2 kV, or currents above 1500 A. In spite of being in existence for the past three decades, it remains a very poorly understood device, mainly due to the complexity of the turn-off process, and its potential largely unexploited. As an important step toward better design of these devices, it is essential to understand the dependence of the various modes of operation on the physical parameters and dimensions. In our physical modeling work, we have tried to raise the general level of understanding by developing new physical analytical models for the on-state and the turn-off mechanisms from first principles, and design considerations to link the blocking capability with steady state dissipation. No fitting parameter was used in any of the analyses. Our turn-off model, originating in the current continuity equations, characterized the squeezing of minority carrier plasma, addressed the physical basis for a minimum "on" region dimension (typically 25 [mu]m), and predicted, for the first time, the dependence of storage time on the anode and gate currents, device dimensions and physical parameters. The predictions are in good agreement with our experiments at G. E., Malvern, and are also corroborated by measurements of other workers that were unexplained before our work. A new physical model was also developed to analyze the temperature dependent steady on-state mode of operation. It includes Auger and SRH recombination, the dependence of the carrier mobilities on temperature and injection level, and the effect of device geometry. Experimental current-voltage characteristics for anode currents upto 3000 A, obtained from G. E. devices at 25[degrees]C and 115[degrees]C, corresponded closely with the theoretical predictions. Also, design procedures were developed, for the first time, to demonstrate the overall superiority of the GTO with a two layered n base over the conventional pnpn structure (A blocking capability of 8000 V requires 1100 [mu]m of n base for the latter while only about 780 [mu]m for the former). Our design calculations linked the forward blocking and on-state characteristics of each device in terms of their dimensions, doping densities and basic physical parameters. Best blocking voltage versus on-state voltage characteristics were predicted for a doping density of 5 x 1012 cm-3 in the high resistivity n base. These calculations can be directly used by device designers to select the set of parameters most suited to a given application.
Impact of nonthermal plasma on herpes simplex virus type 1 infectivity
Authors:   , Esposito Rita Aurora , Krebs Fred C , Miller Vandana
Published: January 2022

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is present in 60% of the world's population and presents as cold sores on the lips or lesions on the genitalia. HSV-1 is transmitted through contact with an active lesion or a contaminated surface. In order to inactivate HSV-1 as a potential strategy for preventing transmission, we seek to use nonthermal plasma (NTP). NTP is an ionized gas that contains reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) that oxidize nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins, possibly leading to reductions in viral infectivity. In our experiments, we used a surface dielectric barrier discharge NTP device (2D-DBD) to test its antiviral effect on HSV-1. We hypothesized that by manipulating the distance of the sample from the electrode, exposure time, and sample volume, we would increase the amount of RONS that reached the sample, and thus increase the antiviral properties of 2D-DBD. We exposed KOS-GFP-HSV-1 in suspension to 2D-DBD at a 3 mm or 6 mm gap distance, in 800 [mu]L or 2 mL of media, or at 1, 2, 4, or 6 minutes to determine the change in viral infection as a function of GFP expression. We found that both distance and volume significantly affected virus infectivity after 4 minutes of plasma exposure. Furthermore, there was a dose dependent decrease in viral infectivity as exposure time increased. These studies offer new insights into approaches that use nonthermal plasma to inactivate HSV-1 and possibly other viruses.
Physiological control of heat exchange in lizards
Authors:   , Dzialowski Edward Michael , O'Connor Michael Patrick
Published: January 2022

Lizards can control rates of warming and cooling by changing blood flow rates and distributions as measured by differences in time constants. I present a new model that estimates a dominant and three subdominant time constants for an animal. Dominant time constants are those typically measured by physiologists. Subdominant time constants describe how spatial temperature gradients in the animal decay, and they are shorter than the dominant time constant. This method allows one to determine time constants for lizards subjected to step changes in environmental temperature. It also allows for determination of time constants for an animal experiencing a complex thermal environment, e.g., shuffling between two microhabitats. Finally, it allows investigators to determine time scales over which control of warming and cooling may be important. Dominant and subdominant time constants were measured during long and short periods of warming and cooling in Iguana iguana, Sceloporus undulatus, and three species of Cordylus. In response to long warming and cooling, only in Iguana did time constants for warming and cooling differ consistently. The limbs are the major site for the control of heat exchange in I. iguana. Insulating the limbs with cotton gauze abolished the difference between warming and cooling in I. iguana. When subjected to simulated shuffling none of the species altered time constants for heating and cooling. This suggests that small (<70 g) lizards are unable to control warming or cooling in response to long or short periods of warming and cooling, while larger animals are able to control warming and cooling only during long periods. Blood flow and heart rate were measured in I. iguana and S. undulatus using a laser doppler blood flow meter. During warming, blood flow increased at both the limbs and torso in I. iguana and at the torso of S. undulatus and Cordylus spp. Blood flow usually returned to prewarming levels upon cooling and appeared to be nearly linearly related to superficial body temperatures. Heart rate followed a pattern similar to blood flow in both species, but appeared to be more closely related to deep body temperatures than to superficial temperatures.
Over-representation of MEF-2 isoforms in HTLV-1-induced acute ATLL by facilitating the activity of the antisense promoter
Authors:   , Madugula Kiran , Jain Pooja
Published: January 2022

HTLV-1 is a complex human retrovirus, an etiologic agent in causing malignant and intractable T-cell neoplasia. About 5% of infected population would progress to a more aggressive form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, termed as Adult T-cell leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL). MEF-2 (Myocyte enhancer factor-2) are a family of genes, whose isoforms 2A-D are involved in distinct functions in various tissues and whose mutations are implicated in various cancers. We performed novel cyto-analytical techniques to quantitate gene transcripts and protein expression patterns of various ATLL cell-lines and acute ATLL patient cohort of North American ATLL, and established MEF-2A and MEF-2C as the predominant isoforms that were highly over expressed in ATLL patients. Knock-down and chemical inhibition of MEF-2A & 2C resulted in the decrease of the viral copy number and down-regulation of the transactivation viral protein TAX and anti-sense transcribing HTLV-b-zip protein (HBZ), which are important for viral pathogenesis. We also observed protein-protein interactions of MEF-2A and MEF-2C with HBZ, along with transcriptional activators such as JunD, SP-1 family and which control the pathogenesis of the virus. We further used chromatin immuno-precipitation assays to establish the role of MEF-2 isoforms, we observed enrichment of MEF-2 isoforms along the 3'LTR of the virus along with other factors which play an important role in the transcriptional activity at 3' LTR promoter region. The presence of scaffolding proteins that are formed by MEF-2/JunD/HBZ that are enriched at the antisense region of the virus, govern the transcription from the antisense promoter region of the HTLV-1 in the absence or loss of 5'LTR activity. In summary, this study exemplifies the role of MEF-2 isoform(s) and their occupancy at the 3'LTR and how they modulate the various transcription factors via the association with the antisense coding viral gene HBZ to induce ATLL.
Interplay of hepatitis B virus infection and hepatocyte metabolism
Authors:   , Loonawat Ronak Subhash , Bouchard Michael
Published: January 2022

The worldwide number of deaths due to viral hepatitis rose to 1.4 million in 2016, surpassing deaths caused by human immunodeficiency virus, malaria, or tuberculosis. A major cause of hepatitis is a hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Chronic HBV infections are a major global health issue, with an estimated 257 million people currently living with a chronic HBV infection and at risk for developing HBV-associated liver diseases. Due to HBV-vaccination drives by the World Health Organization, the occurrence of new HBV infections has been reduced in many parts of the world; however, vaccine availability and cost, as well as problems with transportation of the vaccine to remote or impoverished communities, have left millions unvaccinated. There are various anti-HBV therapies available; however, because none of these therapies target an HBV replication intermediate referred to as the HBV covalently closed circular DNA, these therapies typically do not cure the infection. Chronic HBV infection is a leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the fourth most prevalent cause of deaths related to cancer worldwide. Although, the molecular mechanisms that link an HBV infection to HCC are not fully understood, recent studies indicate that HBV-induced alterations of cellular metabolism could be one factor that affects hepatocyte transformation. To understand the interplay of an HBV infection and hepatocyte physiology, we assessed HBV effects on metabolism and physiology using cultured primary rat hepatocytes (PRHs), cultured primary human hepatocytes (PHHs), mice with humanized livers, and a novel 3-dimensional hepatocyte co-culture model. Previously, we showed that expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)1[alpha], a component of the HIF1 transcription factor, enhances the level of HBV mRNAs, nucleocapsids, and genome replication in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells, which have stable expression of HIF1[beta], the other component of HIF1. Here, we report that HIF1 upregulates HBV core protein expression and genome replication in PRHs. Interestingly, HBV also elevated Pyruvate Kinase M2 (PKM2) mRNA, protein expression, and localization to the nucleus. PKM2 is typically upregulated in transformed cells where it can activate transcription of genes such as HIF1[alpha] and the glucose transporter GLUT1. We show that HBV infection increases expression of GLUT1 and glucose uptake and that siRNA-mediated knockdown of PKM2 and GLUT1 diminished HBV core protein expression and genome replication. Overall, these studies show that HBV activates PKM2, and that HBV replication is regulated by PKM2 and HIF1. HBV activation of PKM2 could also influence development of HBV-associated liver diseases, including HCC, and could be a novel anti-HBV therapeutic target.
Structural studies of antibiotics targeting bacterial cell-wall biosynthesis
Authors:   , Economou Nicoleta J. , Loll Patrick J.
Published: January 2022

Gram-positive bacteria (e.g. streptococci, enterococci) are a main source of fatal nosocomial and community-acquired infections. With the use of antibiotics to treat these infections, bacterial pathogens have developed antibiotic resistance. Our long-term goal is to obtain structural information for the rational design of new antimicrobials that will circumvent the existing bacterial resistance mechanisms. Bacteria acquire resistance towards some antibiotics rapidly, whereas for others this process takes decades. Antibiotics that do not trigger rapid resistance mechanisms typically target nonenzymatic bacterial components, for instance those essential for cell wall biosynthesis. We determined the interactions of bacterial components with commonly-used antimicrobials, including glycopeptide antibiotics and bacitracin. The size and nature of these antibiotics can potentially hinder their crystallographic study, either during crystallization or structure determination. For glycopeptide antibiotics, we developed a carrier protein strategy that allowed the facile crystallization and structure determination of a variety of antibiotics in complex with their ligands. Among others, we determined the first-ever structure for dalbavancin, as well as the first liganded structures of teicoplanin and a monoliganded ristocetin dimer. All glycopeptides form five signature hydrogen bonds with their ligand, as well as van der Waals interactions. We illustrated the importance of these interactions and identified the associated glycopeptide groups. Additionally, we characterized those structural properties of glycopeptide antibiotics that affect their cooperativity, an attribute that enhances their antimicrobial potencies, and provided insights into how some glycopeptides have enhanced half-lives. In addition to our work on glycopeptide antibiotics, we also determined the first crystal structure for bacitracin in complex with its target. We overcame crystallographic obstacles with this complex using a truncated surrogate of the ligand and a zinc ion. This allowed us to successfully crystallize and obtain an initial model of bacitracin bound to its target. From this initial structure, we identified the key amino acids that are important for bacitracin-ligand recognition and provided structural insights into bacitracin's mechanism of action. The information provided by the study of glycopeptides and bacitracin can assist in the rational design of new-generation drugs targeting antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
The Impact of Black Lives Matter 2020 on Television Coverage of Race and Race Relations in the US
Authors:   , Latimore Sharif L. , McHugh Michelle
Published: January 2022

2020 has seen a significant increase in news coverage of questionable and often violent law enforcement interactions with African Americans and subsequent protests by the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement. What is not known are the true motivations of news outlets for providing breaking news coverage of BLM protests and how that coverage shapes viewers view of the political and social movement. Are news outlets striving to keep the public well informed on Black culture and social issues, or are they trying to sway viewpoints in a certain direction? Has BLM been portrayed as having a negative or positive influence in raising awareness of the need for change? To answer these questions, the researcher employed content analysis of coverage from local and national news outlets and interviewed local news professionals working in stations or taking part in coverage during the period studied.
Influencer Marketing
Authors:   , Babu Sanjana , Cowart Helen Claire , McHugh Michelle
Published: January 2022

Influencer marketing has become the current trend in marketing and advertising due to the proliferation of content creators on social media. These content creators include both celebrities and non-celebrities who generate content to engage with the audience. In today's digital age, influencer marketing is implemented through various platforms, and social media is the foundation of most influencer campaigns. As media brands seek innovative ways to engage with their audience, incorporating influencer marketing helps them achieve this goal. Consumers make decisions such as purchasing and watching a recommended movie based on their trust in an influencer's expertise shown on social media. This study will explore how audiences' perception of influencer-generated content affects a media brand's influencer marketing strategy and its brand recognition on social media.
The Effects of Applying Realistic Shape and Material on the Perception of Adapted 2D Fictional Characters
Authors:   , Johnson Robert Ray , Mauriello David A.
Published: January 2022

This project seeks to identify how the use of realistic shape and material effects the perception of 2D fictional characters when adapted into 3D. After sending out three different surveys with 15 different characters in question, Avatar Korra from The Legend of Korra was used to create nine 3D renderings with varying levels of realism and stylization regarding both shape and material. Participants then provided feedback on how they perceived the original 2D art for Korra and the nine renderings. This study found that material was a determining factor for perceived realism and appeal. Additionally, an affinity bias can be observed from those already familiar with a character. Furthermore, the level of realism may be a good predictor for appeal. Lastly, there is no evidence in this study that shows that there is an ideal combination of shape and material. Keywords: Stylization
Help Seeking Behavior
Authors:   , Azar Martina , Schultheis Maria Teresa
Published: January 2022

Disparities in prevalence of dementia, most commonly Alzheimer's Disease, as well as in help seeking have been posited to exist across sociodemographic groups in the US, warranting a public health concern according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2018). Research indicates that a myriad of factors, including differences in knowledge of dementia-related symptoms, health literacy, physical and financial access to resources, and differences in perception of neurodegenerative disease, may explain these disparities. Research attempting to address disparities has often focused on clinical markers of Alzheimer's disease; though useful, this research may be limited in its focus on preventative efforts, as individuals are already experiencing progressively worsening cognitive symptoms once they seek help. As such, early help seeking (HS) is crucial for early intervention and planning of care. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD), a posited preclinical marker of AD, can provide the adequate platform for early HS and tailored intervention. Previous research has not systematically examined the relationship between SCD and HS, specifically with consideration of important sociodemographic factors. The current study sought to examine the relationship between SCD and HS, considering three sociodemographic factors (i.e., level of education, socioeconomic status, and self-reported race). Further, it sought to explore differences in illness perception and preferred source for attaining help, as a means to elucidate the expected differences in SCD and HS across these sociodemographic groups. Findings indicated SCD was positively related to HS, and that level of education was the only sociodemographic variable to (marginally) moderate such relationship. Exploratory findings in a small sub-sample of participants indicated some illness perception differences across levels of education (e.g., expected progression of memory problems over time) and socioeconomic groups (e.g., ways to optimize memory functioning), though none were found between majority versus minority racial group. Additional exploratory findings on HS preferences indicated that in comparison to those with no HS preference, those who preferred informal help had lower SCD, after considering race and education, separately. However, neither education nor race were independently associated to HS preference. Intersectional implications for tailored intervention across neuropsychology and public health are discussed.
MOOC ÖĞRENCİ MEŞGULİYETİ ÖLÇEĞİNİN TÜRKÇEYE UYARLANMASI: GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: BİÇER Ela , REİSOĞLU İlknur
Published: January 2022

Bu çalışmada, Deng, Benckendorff ve Gannaway (2020) tarafından geliştirilen MOOC Meşguliyet Ölçeğini ortaokul öğrencileri için Türkçeye uyarlamak, ölçeğin geçerlilik ve güvenirlilik analizlerini yapmak amaçlanmıştır. Uyarlanan ölçek, 11 madde ve 4 boyuttan (bilişsel, davranışsal, duyuşsal ve sosyal meşguliyet) oluşmaktadır. Özgün formu İngilizce olan ölçeğin, iki yabancı dil uzmanı tarafından Türkçe çevirisi yapılmıştır. Türkçe çevirinin uygunluğu için alanında uzman iki Türkçe ve iki yabancı dil uzmanı ile 2 öğretim teknolojileri uzmanının görüşleri alınmıştır. Alınan görüşler doğrultusunda gerekli düzenlemeler yapıldıktan sonra ölçek, 478 ortaokul öğrencisine uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler üzerinden açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri, yakınsak ve ayırt edici güvenirlik analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Face to face education to virtual classroom in the health sector during covid pandemic
Authors: Cassinadane Ananda Vayaravel , Mohan Monisha , Rajendiran Kalaiselvi , Gunasekaran Veeraraghavan
Published: January 2022

The lockdown posed a great impact on teaching and learning process which aided in the shift of face to face education to virtual classroom. As the e- learning was newly introduced, it was difficult to execute initially due to prior unpreparedness.

We put forth this study to analyse student's perspective and challenges faced in online education during pandemic times.

The study was done in medical and allied health science colleges of Chennai and Puducherry. This is cross-sectional study conducted between June and August 2020.

This is an online survey conducted through google forms circulated to undergraduates and post graduates of medical and allied health science courses.

Frequencies and percentages were used to express the data. Statistical Analyses were done by SPSS software and graphs were made by Microsoft excel.

We received response from 419 participants. Mobile phone was the widely used gadget to access online class. Most of the institutes conducted online class daily and assessment twice weekly. In student’s point of view, though e- learning had several disadvantages like poor net connectivity, clinical training inadequacy, difficulty in attending class for longer duration and unfavourable learning environment, it proved constructive at pandemic time. On improvement in the design of the learning environment and teaching system, the online learning platform would better to serve its purpose in future pandemic.
Improving Early Childhood Development Outcomes in Times of COVID-19: Experimental Evidence on Parental Networks and SMS Messages
Authors: Namen Olga , Näslund-Hadley Emma , Biehl María Loreto
Published: January 2022

This paper presents novel evidence of an intervention to foster preschool students cognitive skills during COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a policy experiment that provided preschool student parents with a SMS text message program to support student learning at home. Taking advantage of existing parent networks, we study the direct effect of being selected to receive the SMS text messages, and the spillovers of being part of a parent network. We show that after 15 weeks of intervention, SMS text messages increase student cognitive skills by 0.11 to 0.12 standard deviations. The effect is driven by an increase of parental involvement through the proposed activities. We find no evidence that information is transferred within parent networks.
La formación inicial docente desde la responsabilidad social universitaria: satisfacción del alumnado en relación a una experiencia de aprendizaje-servicio
Authors: Mayorga-Fernández María José , Madrid Vivar Dolores , De La Rosa Moreno Lourdes
Published: January 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es conocer el nivel de satisfacción de los estudiantes en una experiencia de Aprendizaje-Servicio (ApS) desarrollada en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Málaga. La muestra ha sido de 76 estudiantes, de 2 grupos diferentes, del Grado de Maestro en Educación Infantil. Se planteó una investigación diagnóstico-descriptiva, ex post-facto, desde la complementariedad metodológica cualitativa-cuantitativa, para comprender las reflexiones y valoraciones del alumnado en relación a su experiencia de ApS. Los resultados muestran un nivel de satisfacción del alumnado muy elevado, aunque con diferencias significativas entre los Grupos A y B. Los ítems más valorados han sido la capacidad de trabajo en equipo, el fomento de la creatividad y la implicación en el servicio. Se concluye que es necesario aumentar el uso de esta estrategia metodología para potenciar el desarrollo de la Responsabilidad Social Universitaria.
American public diplomacy during the first year of J. Biden’s presidency
Authors: Artamonova Uliana
Published: January 2022

This article seeks to estimate the perspectives of American public diplomacy under the rule of Joe Biden. Originally both positive and negatives scenarios seemed equally likely, where the positive scenario meant the possibility of new administration starting a long-needed comprehensive reform of the US public diplomacy and the negative scenario meant new president continuing the pattern that had been established in American leadership after the end of Cold War and that manifested itself in public diplomacy not being a high priority in the strategic vision. The turn events have taken in 2021, however, indicates a high probability of crisis of American public diplomacy intensifying during the J. Biden’s presidency. Analyzing the trends of international public opinion polls and the US policies author identifies three markers that highlight the new administration’s lack of interest in public diplomacy: candidates for key positions have not been nominated; budget justification for FY 2022 introduced by president suggested an inadequate increase of public diplomacy financing; various American political experts have openly expressed their concerns on the matter disregarding notion of solidarity dictated by their partisanship or current occupation. Article concludes that according to up-to-date data the future of American public diplomacy during the J. Biden presidency does not seem promising, but rather is likely to be impacted negatively by high polarization of American society and domestic political disaccords that have intensified after the 2020 election.
US migration policy in the context of the crisis on the border with Mexico
Authors: Kochegurov Dmitry
Published: January 2022

Over the past year since the victory of J. Biden on the presidential elections, the migration policy of his administration not failed to bring success, but provoked a powerful migration crisis on the border with Mexico. This, in turn, forced the Democratic President to leave in force some of the main elements of the migration policy of the previous administration and to accept the fact that at least half of America does not want to change the vector set under D. Trump. The article analyzes the reaction of the republican states to the migration crisis, as well as a partial change in the migration course of the Biden administration.
Condition and the ways of development of the USA and the Republic of Korea alliance at the present stage
Authors: Motyavin Michael
Published: January 2022

This article examines the current state and ways of development of the alliance of the United States of America and the Republic of Korea after the Joseph Biden administration came to power. During the summit held in Washington on May 21, 2021, the key positions of the two countries on the formation of a joint policy in the future were announced. There were areas and regions that had not previously appeared on the joint foreign policy agenda, which means fundamental changes in the understanding of the alliance’s future. Consequently, the author of the article analyzes the reasons why the Moon Jae-in administration could change its course in foreign policy, Washington's goals for reforming the alliance and the changes that the alliance of the United States and South Korea will undergo.
The Transformation of American Conservatism. Overcoming the «Fusionist Consensus»
Authors: Spirin Egor
Published: January 2022

Socio-economic consequences of neoliberal politics unleashed the necessity of the realignment of the conservative movement in the U.S. American conservatism has long been dominated by a fusionist consensus, that does not provide the response to the modern challenges. New conservatism seeks to redefine the essence of conservatism by breaking up with market fundamentalism considering the State to be a legitimate tool to achieve politico-economic goals; moving away from ideologies.
Changes in China's Nuclear Policy, Possible US Response and Implications for Arms Control
Authors: Stepanov Alexey
Published: January 2022

In his presentation, the author discusses the events that occurred in the summer and fall of 2021, which may have an impact on the nuclear policy of the People's Republic of China and generate a response from the United States and consequences for arms control. The paper considers the discovery of new silo fields in China and the supposed test the PRC of a fractional orbital bombardment system with a hypersonic glide vehicle by the PRC. The speaker concludes that these changes are largely a consequence of the US nuclear policy and are likely to provoke a new round of the arms race and have a negative impact on the prospects for nuclear disarmament.
Gendered Disinformation as a U.S. National Security Challenge
Authors: Chestnyagina Kseniya S.
Published: January 2022

As numerous studies state, women in politics are subject to gender-based disinformation campaigns that often use degrading and discriminatory messages. These campaigns often seek to portray women in politics as unreliable and unprofessional, which subsequently influence women’s decision to participate in the political life of the country and create obstacles to their success in the area. Analysis of the problem is necessary for the implementation and development of agenda to counteract disinformation and gender inequality.
Contradictions of Ordered Trust: Trust-based Work and Conflicting Logics in Municipal Care
Authors: Håkansson Helena
Published: January 2022

This article examines intra-organizational trust and institutional logics in municipal social care services in the setting of a trust-based developmental project. A case study was conducted in a Swedish municipal district. The data consists of 27 semi-structured interviews with care workers, first-line managers, and strategic staff as well as 11 observations. The study adds insights regarding trust in public sector organizations and shows how a strong focus on economic efficiency can relativize trust into a question of financial accountability. The results demonstrate how the governing managerial logic is not only in conflict with but also seems to overrule attempts to establish a more trust-based logic. Moreover, contributing to the institutional logics literature, it further shows how power structures affect institutional logics and how conflicts between logics play out differently at various organizational levels. The prospects of accomplishing a more trust-based governance without larger institutional or organizational changes are hence problematized.
Reconstruction of seismotectonic deformations of Asia in different layers of the Earth’s crust
Authors: Kuchay O. A.
Published: January 2022

The calculation of seismotectonic deformations for different depth levels 1–15, 16–35, 36–70 km was performed according to the data of 1819 mechanisms of earthquake foci that occurred in Central Asia (φ = 25° – 60° N, λ=60° – 115° E) for the period from 1976 to the end of July 2020 with M>4.7. The orientation of the main axes of the strain tensor reconstructed from the mechanisms of earthquake foci with M>4.7 coincide at different depth levels with mainly submeridional and north-eastern shortening and varying elongation from sublatitude to north-western and near-vertical. The consistency of the orientation of the main axes of shortening and elongation reconstructed from seismological materials and from the published results of calculating GPS observations, is traced.
Способы выражения эвиденциальности в немецком и чеченском языках
Authors: Арсаханова М.А.-Х. , Гацаева А.Б.
Published: January 2022

В статье рассматривается категория эвиденциальности: формы выражения очевидности и неочевидности в немецком и чеченском языках. Многими лингвистами эвиденциальность рассматривается как лингвистическая категория только в том случае, если язык также грамматически маркирует источник информации. Многие не считают лексические формы выражением данной категории. эвиденциальность, перцептив, модальность, категория, источник.
Акцентирование образности в портретизации персонажа (на материале произведений Т. М. Рида)
Authors: Вишневецкая В.В.
Published: January 2022

Описание внешности персонажа художественных текстах обычно анализируется с лингвистической точки зрения в рамках проблемы формирования образа и его художественности. Многие писатели и философы отмечают, что существует важность проблемы изучения художественного образа и его категории образности. Современные исследования по-разному трактуют понятия образа и образности, так как сложность проблемы заключается в неоднозначности самого понятия. Образность изучается с разных научных точек зрения, опираясь на специфику научного направления, например: психология, литературоведение, философия, эстетика, языкознание и другие.
Синонимия существительных в эвенском языке
Authors: Садовникова И.И.
Published: January 2022

Данная статья посвящена системному описанию синонимов-существительных их семантических особенностей в лексике эвенского языка. Актуальность исследования обусловлена тем, что синонимическая структура эвенского языка еще не подвергалась специальному исследованию в данном аспекте.
Основные модели развития навыков межкультурной коммуникации
Authors: Ткачева Н.А. , Тоцкая О.В.
Published: January 2022

В статье представлен аналитический обзор моделей развития навыков кросскультурного коммуникативного взаимодействия. В основе структурной модели лежит такой важный аспект межкультурной коммуникации, как реальное восприятие значения и смысла коммуникативной ситуации. Причинно-следственные модели представляют собой линейность процесса развития межкультурных компетенций. Определяющими элементами в этой группе теорий являются концепции «самооценки», «статуса личности», «идентичности» и «управления эмоциями». Динамические модели делают акцент на временной составляющей кросскультурного взаимодействия, особо выделяя стадии развития межкультурной компетентности.
Онлайн редактор ментальных карт для изучения простого предложения на уроках русского языка
Authors: Чеканова П.О. , Яриков В.Г.
Published: January 2022

Как с помощью ментальных карт помочь развитию творческого мышления, овладению навыками по тому или иному предмету, а также созданию условий для самореализации творческого потенциала учеников? Каким образом ментальные карты способствуют визуализации мышления и структурирования мыслей? На эти вопросы мы ответим в данной статье.
Спирт этиловый в фармацевтической технологии для производства антисептиков
Authors: Багаев Д.А.
Published: January 2022

В мировом химическом производстве получение этанола занимает одно из первых мест. Так, например, производство этанола в России за апрель 2020 года составило 7,65 млн декалитров , что на 54,2% больше, чем в апреле прошлого года. Такие объемы связаны с ростом спроса на спирт для санитайзеров и производства антисептиков из-за распространения коронавируса. Этиловый спирт широко используется в различных сферах. В медицине его используют в качестве антисептика, растворителя для приготовления настоек и экстрактов, консерванта биологических препаратов и т.д. Ещё он применяется в пищевой промышленности для производства различных видов спиртных напитков, в парфюмерии в качестве основного компонента для духов, одеколонов. Целью статьи является освещение способов получения этанола, а задачей провести их анализ.
Применение полимерных электретов на основе реактопластов в качестве мембран конденсаторных микрофонов
Authors: Марценюк В.В.
Published: January 2022

Показано возможное применение полимерных электретов на основе реактопластов в качестве мембран конденсаторных микрофонов. Преимуществом замены стандартной парамагнитной (металлической) мембраны является исключение из записанного звука характерных обертонов при применении полимерной электретной мембраны. Представлены сравнительные характеристики полученных полимерных электретных мембран с имеющимися аналогами.
Mineral Resource Base of Mostovskoy District
Authors: Bochko Т.F. , Demitroshkina V.E. , Semenova S.N.
Published: January 2022

The article presents data on the composition, reserves and extraction of raw materials for the production of building materials, as well as the reserves and use of thermal and mineral waters based on the analysis of maps, stock materials and literary sources.
Изготовление суппозиторий
Authors: Карсанова А.Л.
Published: January 2022

На 2020 год есть широкий спектр лекарственных форм. Но популярными в медицинской практике все больше и больше становятся суппозиторные лекарственные средства. Потому что данные средства обладают благоприятными свойствами и, не имея негативных, в отличие от других препаратов, как пероральные и инъекционные
Аллергический контактный дерматит: иммунологические характеристики, особенности терапии, лечение
Authors: Хадарцева А.В. , Хамицева И.С.
Published: January 2022

Аллергодерматозы – широко распространенное заболевание кожи. В настоящее время в мире отмечается рост частоты контактного дерматита, атопического дерматита, экземы, от которых в развитых странах страдает до 25% населения. Повсеместно наблюдается увеличение количества больных с тяжелым течением и торпидностью аллергодерматозов к проводимой терапии. В связи с этим вопросы прогнозирования риска развития аллергических профессиональных заболеваний кожи остаются актуальными. В настоящее время аллергические болезни рассматривают как “группу заболеваний, в основе которых лежат состояния измененной реактивности к антигенной стимуляции” или как “повреждения, вызываемые иммунной реакцией на экзоаллергены”.
Toxic Effect of Nanoparticles on Plant Resistance (on the example: Radish (Raphanus sativa L.), Lettuce (Latuca sativa L.), Peas (Pisum sativa L.) and Coriander (Coriandrum sativum))
Authors: Zozulya A.A. , Bolotin S.N. , Semenova S.N.
Published: January 2022

The given article is devoted to the study of the choice of test-objects due to the biotesting method. Analysis of the responses of the same level types of biological organization and their habitat to the effect of nanoparticles is carried out. Most resistant organisms to toxic effects of nanoparticle solutions were identified.
Влияние использования протравителей на технологические свойства зерна ярового ячменя
Authors: Моисеев С.А. , Рябкин Е.А. , Каргин В.И. , Камалихин В.Е.
Published: January 2022

Для дальнейшего производственного использования зерна ярового ячменя наиболее важными является его технологические свойства. Для полноценного формирования зерна ярового ячменя необходимо добиться полного и равномерного протекания всех этапов развития. Наиболее важными в этом плане являются этапы прорастания и всходов. Воздействие вредных объектов на молодое растение приводит к неполному протеканию ранних этапов развития, без возможности компенсировать ущерб в последующие фазы и, как следствие, снижению уровня качества получаемого урожая. Для защиты проростков и всходов перед посевом проводят протравливание семенного материала. В статье приведены результаты опытов по изучению влияния использования протравителей Табу, ВСК и фунгицидного протравителя Виал Трио, ВСК технологические свойства зерна ярового ячменя.
Ценность семьи в современной культуре России
Authors: Васильченко А.В.
Published: January 2022

Рассмотрена ценность семьи в современной российской культуре. Обозначены основные проблемы семьи в России. На основе проведенного анализа автором сделан вывод: современная российская семья все больше отдаляется от традиционной модели и развивается в соответствии с общемировыми тенденциями.
Plant Disease Detection and Monitoring Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Orakwue Stella I. , O. Nwazor Nkolika
Published: January 2022

Fungi have been identified as a major threat to crop production in the world. In this study, methods of improving the performance of plant disease detection and prediction using artificial neural network techniques are presented. The hyperspectral fungi dataset of 21 plant species were collected and trained using backpropagation algorithms of an artificial neural network to improve the conventional hyperspectral sensor. The system was modelled using self-defining equations and universal modelling diagrams and then implemented in the neural network toolbox in Matlab. The system was tested validated and the result showed a fungi detection accuracy of 96.61% and the percentage increment was 19.53%.
Perspectiva dos Expatriados sobre Aspectos do Ambiente Institucional que Influenciam suas Condições de Vida nos Países Hospedeiros
Authors: Moraes Mariana Rangel , Moreira Márcia Zabdiele , Machado Diego de Queiroz , Guimarães Daniel Barboza
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: O estudo teve o objetivo de analisar a perspectiva dos expatriados sobre aspectos do ambiente institucional que influenciam suas condições de vida nos países hospedeiros. Método: Tratou-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, com dados secundários obtidos a partir do relatório HSBC Expat Explorer Broadening perspectives, publicado em 2017. Realizou-se análise de cluster, para agrupamento dos países sobre nove variáveis relativas aos aspectos econômicos, de experiência e de família. Validaram-se os resultados obtidos por meio de análise discriminante. Principais resultados: Constatou-se a existência de três agrupamentos, um com uma maior valorização dos aspectos de experiência, outro com valorização equivalente dos aspectos de experiência e econômicos e outro com maior valorização de aspectos de família. Relevância/originalidade: Como as condições de vida em outros países podem influenciar o ajustamento intercultural do expatriado e a duração da expatriação, podendo inclusive culminar em uma repatriação antecipada, esse estudo se faz relevante e original por relacionar temas que geralmente são estudados em separado: fatores institucionais dos países, condições de vida nos países e expatriação. Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas:  O estudo amplia as discussões ao considerar a perspectiva dos expatriados sobre como os fatores institucionais dos países hospedeiros influenciam as condições de vida que terão alhures.
Carol Cortobius Architecture
Authors:   ", Bostenaru Dan Maria ,   Ion Mincu",   University of Architecture and Urbanism, Romania
Published: January 2022

Carol Cortobius was an architect trained in Germany, with an initial practice at Otto Wagner in Vienna, who worked for the Hungarian community in Bucharest building churches. An introduction on the catholic Hungarian community in Bucharest will be given. Dănuț Doboș in a monograph of one catholic church in Bucharest offers an overview of all his works. For the three catholic churches on which he intervened (two built, one restored, but altered now) there are monographs showing archive images not available for the general public. Apart of the catholic churches (two of the Hungarian community) he also built the baptist seminar. Particularly the first built church, Saint Elena, is interesting as an early example of Art Deco and will be analysed in the context of the Secession in Vienna and Budapest, which will be introduced. With help of historic maps the places of the works were identified. Many of them do not exist today anymore because of demolitions either to build new streets or those of the Ceaușescu period (ex. the opereta theatre, a former pharmacy). Images of these were looked for in groups dedicated to he disappeared Uranus neighbourhood The paper will show where these were located. Some of the common buildings have an interesting history, such as the first chocolate factory. Another interesting early Art deco building is the pelican house. There are common details between this and the restored church. The research will be continued with archive research in public archives when the sanitary situation will permit.
Epistemological Landmarks of the Specialists Managerial-Legislative Training in the Field of Physical Culture
Authors:   The State University of Physical Education and Sports, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova, Budevici-Puiu Liliana
Published: January 2022

Radical changes that take place in all society spheres (economic, social, political and cultural) of a state, directly and indirectly affect the development and functioning of the socio-economic system of physical culture and sports. A new category of human resources employed in the field of sports management is emerging, given that sports organizations are interested in forming a management system that ensures high performance, development opportunities and a stable market position. In the last decade, the system of physical culture and sports management has undergone substantial changes, as a result of the emergence of new sports events, the development of sports movement, the creation of innovative services and the production of special equipment / installations in accordance with the legislation in force, as well as due to modern trends in entrepreneurial activity in market conditions. The fulfillment of the management functions in these conditions, at a higher level, generator of performance and success can be ensured only by qualified persons who have received a special professional training (including additional, continuous training) and requalification. This training is necessary for all activities specific to the field of physical education and sports management, for the development and proper functioning of sports organizations. Management and marketing activities, innovative for physical culture and the national sports movement, require special knowledge, skills and an effective professional training of the specialists in the field.
The Traumatic Life Experiences and Ontological Well-Being: Insights from Narrative Psychology and Self-Memory Theory
Authors:   Marmara University, Turkey, Bülbül Seçil , Işiaçik Serin ,   FMV Işık University, Turkey
Published: January 2022

Ontological well-being adopts a holistic perspective on well-being similar to the narrative psychology when analyzing life histories by referring to past, present, and future aspects of one's life. Relatedly, the self-memory view proposes that life events are self-evaluated. Based on the narrative psychology and self-memory approach, affective life events and emotions are processed in the memory and play a role in structuring self-perceptions and psychological well-being. Therefore, turbulent external conditions such as the pandemic, uncertain environments and socio-economic challenges may lead to traumatic experiences for individuals. Being exposed to traumatic events and experiencing post-traumatic stress harms mental health, well-being, and work performance. This study aims to examine the relationship between traumatic life experiences and ontological well-being within the period of COVID 19 pandemic. It is intended to reveal the impact of traumatic experiences on ontological well-being of individuals in work life. A cross-sectional study was utilized throughout an online survey with the participation of 270 employees working in various private organizations. Following the statistical analyses, the findings were evaluated and both conceptual and practical discussions were provided.