bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The “Indians of Palmares”: Conquest, Insurrection, and Land in Northeast Brazil
Authors: Hertzman Marc A.
Published: March 2023

This article examines a group that has received little scholarly attention: the Indigenous people of Palmares, the site of one of history's largest fugitive slave communities, defeated by the Portuguese in 1695. What studies do exist emphasize origins: Did Indigenous people help build the fugitive settlements of Palmares? I instead focus on the post-1695 period, when competing actors sought land in the interior regions that the settlements once occupied. Shaped by displacement and diaspora, during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries some Indigenous people rebelled, while others referenced their role as conquerors of Palmares to make land claims. Though discursive representations of Indigenous roles as conquerors rarely prevented material dispossession, the communities persisted despite remarkable challenges. Their trajectories indicate new ways to think about Palmares and Indigenous history and provide suggestive points of comparison with Spanish America and better-known examples from the Age of Revolution.
Identification of a heterogeneous and dynamic ciliome during embryonic development and cell differentiation
Authors: Elliott Kelsey H. , Balchand Sai K. , Bonatto Paese Christian Louis , Chang Ching-Fang , Yang Yanfen , Brown Kari M. , Rasicci Daniel T. , He Hao , Thorner Konrad , Chaturvedi Praneet , Murray Stephen A. , Chen Jing , Porollo Aleksey , Peterson Kevin A. , Brugmann Samantha A.
Published: March 2023

Primary cilia are nearly ubiquitous organelles that transduce molecular and mechanical signals. Although the basic structure of the cilium and the cadre of genes that contribute to ciliary formation and function (the ciliome) are believed to be evolutionarily conserved, the presentation of ciliopathies with narrow, tissue-specific phenotypes and distinct molecular readouts suggests that an unappreciated heterogeneity exists within this organelle. Here, we provide a searchable transcriptomic resource for a curated primary ciliome, detailing various subgroups of differentially expressed genes within the ciliome that display tissue and temporal specificity. Genes within the differentially expressed ciliome exhibited a lower level of functional constraint across species, suggesting organism and cell-specific function adaptation. The biological relevance of ciliary heterogeneity was functionally validated by using Cas9 gene-editing to disrupt ciliary genes that displayed dynamic gene expression profiles during osteogenic differentiation of multipotent neural crest cells. Collectively, this novel primary cilia-focused resource will allow researchers to explore longstanding questions related to how tissue and cell-type specific functions and ciliary heterogeneity may contribute to the range of phenotypes associated with ciliopathies.
The Mouse Models of Human Cancer database (MMHCdb)
Authors: Begley Dale A. , Krupke Debra M. , Sundberg John P. , Jocoy Emily L. , Richardson Joel E. , Neuhauser Steven B. , Bult Carol J.
Published: March 2023

The laboratory mouse has served for decades as an informative animal model system for investigating the genetic and genomic basis of cancer in humans. Although thousands of mouse models have been generated, compiling and aggregating relevant data and knowledge about these models is hampered by a general lack of compliance, in the published literature, with nomenclature and annotation standards for genes, alleles, mouse strains and cancer types. The Mouse Models of Human Cancer database (MMHCdb) is an expertly curated, comprehensive knowledgebase of diverse types of mouse models of human cancer, including inbred mouse strains, genetically engineered mouse models, patient-derived xenografts, and mouse genetic diversity panels such as the Collaborative Cross. The MMHCdb is a FAIR-compliant knowledgebase that enforces nomenclature and annotation standards, and supports the completeness and accuracy of searches for mouse models of human cancer and associated data. The resource facilitates the analysis of the impact of genetic background on the incidence and presentation of different tumor types, and aids in the assessment of different mouse strains as models of human cancer biology and treatment response.
Conflitos socioambientais e desenvolvimento de políticas públicas no território do Jardim Apurá, São Paulo (SP)
Authors: Silva Pâmela Macedo da , Neiman Zysman
Published: March 2023

O desenvolvimento de políticas públicas é fundamental e, atualmente, precisa ganhar contornos sustentáveis. O bairro Jardim Apurá é uma área caracterizada como Área de Proteção e Recuperação de Mananciais, localizada na periferia da zona sul do município de São Paulo (SP) e que abriga dois grandes equipamentos que impactam diretamente a vida cotidiana dos cidadãos que residem nesse território, um cenário que resulta numa complexidade de conflitos entre o direito ao meio ambiente sustentável e o direito à moradia. O objetivo principal deste estudo empírico é analisar as políticas públicas socioambientais no bairro durante a implementação do empreendimento Residencial Espanha e o início do processo de implantação do Parque dos Búfalos, no período de 2017 a 2021. Para isso, utilizou-se a participação observante para identificar os conflitos e as condições necessárias para minimização dos conflitos na comunidade estudada. Apresenta-se, como resultado, o histórico do processo de implantação do Parque dos Búfalos e da entrega dos apartamentos do Residencial Espanha, um mapa de conflitos socioambientais do território, o apontamento de algumas necessidades eminentes, como a intersetorialidade e uma participação social que permita uma gestão mais adequada e justa, além de sustentável, para a comunidade local.
Hematological findings in COVID-19 and their correlation with severity of Disease
Authors: Mehmood Namra , Riaz Zahra , Sattar Arooj , Kiran Mehwish
Published: March 2023

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of hematological parameters to predict severity of COVID-19 patients.

Method: This was a cross-sectional comparative study conducted at Central Park Teaching Hospital, Lahore in COVID ward and COVID ICU between April 23, 2021 to June 23, 2021. Patients of all ages and both genders with positive PCR admitted in the COVID ward and ICU during this time span of two months were included in the study. Data was collected retrospectively.

Results: This study included 50 patients with male to female ratio of 1.38:1. Though males are more affected by COVID-19 but the difference is not statistically significant. The mean age of the study population was 56.21 and the patients in the severe disease group have higher age. It was observed that in severe/critical group the mean values of total leukocyte count 21.76×103 µI (p-value= 0.002), absolute neutrophil count 71.37% (p-value=0.045), neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) 12.80 (p-value=0.00) and PT 11.9 seconds (p-value=0.034) and the difference was statistically significant. While in severe/critical group, the mean values of hemoglobin 12.03g/dl (p-value=0.075), lymphocyte count 28.41% (p-value=0.8), platelet count 226×103 µI (p-value=0.67) and APTT 30.7 (p-value=0.081) and the difference was not significantly different between groups.

Conclusion: It can be concluded from the study that total leucocyte count, absolute neutrophil count and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio can predict in-hospital mortality and morbidity in COVID-19 patients.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.3.6836

How to cite this: Mahmood N, Riaz Z, Sattar A, Kiran M. Hematological findings in COVID-19 and their correlation with severity of Disease. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(3):795-798. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.3.6836

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Improving the predictive power of xenograft and syngeneic anti-tumour studies using mice humanised for pathways of drug metabolism
Authors: Henderson Colin J. , McLaren Aileen W. , Kapelyukh Yury , Wolf C. Roland
Published: March 2023

Drug development is an expensive and time-consuming process, with only a small fraction of drugs gaining regulatory approval from the often many thousands of candidates identified during target validation. Once a lead compound has been identified and optimised, they are subject to intensive pre-clinical research to determine their pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties, procedures which inevitably involve significant numbers of animals - mainly mice and rats, but also dogs and monkeys in much smaller numbers and for specific types of drug candidates. Many compounds that emerge from this process, having been shown to be safe and efficacious in pre-clinical studies, subsequently fail to replicate this outcome in clinical trials, therefore wasting time, money and, most importantly, animals.

Due to high rates of metabolism and a differing spectrum of metabolites (some pharmacologically active) in rodents, species differences in drug metabolism can be a major impediment to drug discovery programmes and confound the extrapolation of animal data to humans. To circumvent this, we have developed a complex transgenic mouse model – 8HUM - which faithfully replicates human Phase I drug metabolism (and its regulation), and which will generate more human-relevant data from fewer animals in a pre-clinical setting and reduce attrition in the clinic.

One key area for the pre-clinical application of animals in an oncology setting – almost exclusively mice - is their use in anti-tumour studies. We now further demonstrate the utility of the 8HUM mouse using a murine melanoma cell line as a syngeneic tumour and also present an immunodeficient version 8HUM_Rag2 -/- - for use in xenograft studies. These models will be of significant benefit not only to Pharma for pre-clinical drug development work, but also throughout the drug efficacy, toxicology, pharmacology, and drug metabolism communities, where fewer animals will be needed to generate more human-relevant data.
Circulation of respiratory viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic in The Gambia
Authors: Jarju Sheikh , Senghore Elina , Brotherton Helen , Affleck Lucy , Saidykhan Alasana , Jallow Samba , Krubally Ebrima , Sinjanka Edrisa , Ndene Morris Ngor , Bajo Fabakary , Sanyang Musa M , Saidy Binta , Bah Alasana , Mohammed Nuredin I , Forrest Karen , Clarke Ed , Dalessandro Umberto , Sesay Abdul K , Usuf Effua , Cerami Carla , Roca Anna , Kampmann Beate , de Silva Thushan I
Published: March 2023

Background: In many countries, non-pharmaceutical interventions to limit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission resulted in significant reductions in other respiratory viruses. However, similar data from Africa are limited. We explored the extent to which viruses such as influenza and rhinovirus co-circulated with SARS-CoV-2 in The Gambia during the COVID-19 pandemic. 

Methods: Between April 2020 and March 2022, respiratory viruses were detected using RT-PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs from 1397 participants with influenza-like illness. An assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 and a viral multiplex RT-PCR assay was used as previously described  to detect influenza A and B, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) A and B, parainfluenza viruses 1-4, human metapneumovirus (HMPV), adenovirus, seasonal coronaviruses (229E, OC43, NL63) and human rhinovirus.

Results: Overall virus positivity was 44.2%, with prevalence higher in children <5 years (80%) compared to children aged 5-17 years (53.1%), adults aged 18-50 (39.5%) and >50 years (39.9%), p<0.0001. After SARS-CoV-2 (18.3%), rhinoviruses (10.5%) and influenza viruses (5.5%) were the most prevalent. SARS-CoV-2 positivity was lower in children <5 (4.3%) and 5-17 years (12.7%) than in adults aged 18-50 (19.3%) and >50 years (24.3%), p<0.0001. In contrast, rhinoviruses were most prevalent in children <5 years (28.7%), followed by children aged 5-17 (15.8%), adults aged 18-50 (8.3%) and >50 years (6.3%), p<0.0001. Four SARS-CoV-2 waves occurred, with 36.1%-52.4% SARS-CoV-2 positivity during peak months. Influenza infections were observed in both 2020 and 2021 during the rainy season as expected (peak positivity 16.4%-23.5%). Peaks of rhinovirus were asynchronous to the months when SARS-CoV-2 and influenza peaked.

Conclusion: Our data show that many respiratory viruses continued to circulate during the COVID-19 pandemic in The Gambia, including human rhinoviruses, despite the presence of NPIs during the early stages of the pandemic, and influenza peaks during expected months.
The influence of some anthropometric parameters on the marathon results of the world athletics championships 2019 in Doha
Authors: Bekolli L. , Rashiti N. , Ramabaja Q. , Heta G.
Published: March 2023

The research was conducted on a sample of 55 successful female marathoners who participated in ten of the most popular marathon races. The sample of subjects includes ten of the best marathoners positioned in every race held at the 2019 World Athletics Championships in Doha, Qatar. The purpose of the research is to assess the impact of body height, weight and age of marathon runners on the final result in the race.  The collected data is processed by the basic descriptive parameters. The entities have the average weight of 60.81 kg, with the average height of 171.65 cm, at the average age of 32.92, with the achieved average result of 137.86 hours into the race. In the intercorrelation matrix, only a significant correlation coefficient (p<0.001) is obtained for height and body weight. From the regression analysis the influence of the predictor variables (height, weight and age) on the criterion variable – sig.=0,60 (the result of the marathon) is not confirmed, which provides only 36% (RO²=.366) of analysis in the common ground of variability. The remaining 64% of the analysis of the total variability of the criterion variable may be attributed to other anthropological characteristics, and mainly to functional characteristics of the anaerobic type.
Literature Review: Anxiety in Pregnant Women during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Imania Awanda Nadila , Handayani Dwi
Published: March 2023

Background: The prevalence of pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic increased by 72% compared to before the pandemic. The increase in the number of pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic goes hand in hand with the increase in the prevalence of pregnancy-related anxiety which can be influenced by internal and external factors and which, in turn, may impact the health of the mother and her baby. The purpose of this literature review is to examine pregnancy-related anxiety during the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: The research is literature review research. The data sources used were Google Scholar and PubMed databases from 2019-2021. The keywords used were “anxiety in pregnant women during a pandemic” (in English) and “kecemasan ibu hamil di masa pandemi” (in Indonesia). Twenty-one articles with the most relevant topics were analyzed comprehensively. Results: Pregnant women aged <20 and >35 years old who only get a primary and secondary education, have a lack of knowledge, are working, have lower economic status, and do not receive support from their husbands are at risk of experiencing anxiety during the Covid-19 pandemic. The anxiety level of pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic increased compared to before the pandemic. Conclusion: There is a relationship between age, education, knowledge, employment status, economic status, husband's support, and anxiety in pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic. There is a difference in the anxiety level of pregnant women before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Pregnant women are expected to be able to prepare for and manage their pregnancy during the Covid-19 pandemic and the husband’s support is an important element during pregnancy, especially during a pandemic.
Nutritional Intake of Children in Kebon Pala East Jakarta
Authors: Lisnaini Lisnaini , Budhyanti Weeke , Chandra Meliana
Published: March 2023

Background: A mother is the main nutrition provider of an Indonesian family. Their own health profiles and situations may affect their abilities to provide proper nutrition. In this research, we try to find mothers in Kebon Pala profile, and the nutrition taken by their children; Method: This quantitative descriptive study was conducted by using a self-administered questionnaire which has been responded to by 94 mothers in Kebon Pala. This research was conducted from October 2021-April 2022. Results: 61.54% child takes 3 times carb intake a day, but unlike the national nutritional guidelines, only 20% take anima-based protein 3 times a day, only 34.83% take plant-based protein 3 times a day, and only 33.33% take vegetable 3 times a day. This minimal variation of plate filling happened, even though 49.44% child never complained about the food available and 55.56% child never complained about vegetables/fruit on their plate. Conclusion: Children in Kebon Pala did not eat balanced nutrition meals, and most of them have eating difficulties (fussy eaters).
The Risk Factors of Physical Activity Behavior in Junior High School Students During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Indriani Indriani , Tayyibah Hayyatan
Published: March 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has indirectly limited the student’s space and physical activities which increases insufficiency of physically active or sedentary behaviors. Meanwhile, low physical activity is a major risk factor for health problems. This study aimed to determine the physical activity behavior of students in junior high school. Method: This research used a cross-sectional survey; the sample was school children in 34 provinces in Indonesia and was collected through the Physical Activity Questioner Children (PAQ-C) and ASAFA scale. The questionnaire was distributed through Google Forms to 138 junior high school students aged 12-15 years as the age range. A sample size was taken by simple random sampling and 136 valid questionnaires were then analyzed for the relationship between variables by using Kendall's tau test. Results:  The results showed that 31.6% of 136 students had insufficient physical activity or sedentary levels, and 14.7% had an active level dominated by female students (13.2%). Based on analysis data, it is found that there is a strong relationship between social support (p= 0.006, r=0.006, r=0.93; 95% CI), nutritional status (p=0.001 r=0.89; 95% CI), and age (p=0.014 r= 0.38; 95% CI) with physical activity. On the other hand, the gender (p=0.091, r=0.27; 95% CI) and school category (p=0.172 r=0.03; 95% CI) do not affect physical activity. Conclusion: The schools should provide students' physical activity guidance in collaboration with parents which can be trained at home to reduce the sedentary behavior among students during the Covid pandemic.
greta thunberg — a unique voice in a post-truth era
Authors: Ljungblad Ann-louise
Published: March 2023

Since the turn of the millennium, a new phenomenon has arisen on the global stage, as girls have increasingly begun to raise their voices. In an effort to achieve new philosophical understandings of contemporary childhoods in a post-truth era, the present article examines this Girl Rising movement from an existential perspective. In doing so, the article aims to problematise children’s right to be heard and listened to, as enshrined in Article 12 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. More specifically, the article explores children as rights-holders and their rights-subject position and how these positions are supported (or not) by adults in different ways. Throughout the analysis, Greta Thunberg is used as a case study to illustrate the phenomenon under study. This new movement highlights children’s right to be heard as a valuable right. The defence of this view relies on the claim that at the heart of adult’s acknowledgement lies the uniqueness of each child and the implications of this uniqueness. Taking into consideration the realisation of children’s rights, powerful stakeholders who seek to silence children’s voices are also identified, as are worldwide adult acknowledgements intended to empower girls to exist ‘in’ and ‘with’ the world in a ‘grown-up’ way.
existential urgency: a provocation to thinking “different”
Authors: Wolf Arthur C , Weber Barbara
Published: March 2023

In this essay we expand the notion of thinking by emphasizing the provocation and urgency to think and by reconceptualizing thinking as an embodied practice. The aim is to expand Lipman and Sharp’s approach to philosophical inquiry with children and show how other ways of thinking can be included. We strive to unfold a way of “thinking” that is both different from rationality (critical thinking) as well as from creative and caring thinking. In the first part of the paper, we discuss the merits of Lipman and Sharp’s critical, creative and caring thinking within the Community of Philosophical Inquiry (CPI). We then expand Lipman/Sharp’s philosophical method through Ekkehart Marten’s Five-finger Model, which allows for different philosophical approaches. In the second half of the paper, we draw on Martin Heidegger’s What is called thinking? to develop his concept of the “call” to think together with its related notions of provocation and urgency. Building on this, we draw on Maurice Merleau-Ponty to show how this call is not an intellectual activity or mere exercise of the “mind” but rather affects our entire existence. As such, thinking becomes a response to an existential urgency that is an embodied practice. Using concepts like embodiment, affect, and sensibility, we try to widen our conception of thinking in a CPI. Finally, we hope this will allow facilitators to hear the unique voice of every child so that no one is left unheard.
Blind deconvolution of second harmonic microscopy images of the living human eye
Authors: Martínez-Ojeda Rosa M. , Mugnier Laurent M. , Artal Pablo , Bueno Juan M.
Published: March 2023

Second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging microscopy of thick biological
tissues is affected by the presence of aberrations and scattering
within the sample. Moreover, additional problems, such as uncontrolled
movements, appear when imaging in-vivo. Deconvolution
methods can be used to overcome these limitations under some
conditions. In particular, we present here a technique based on a
marginal blind deconvolution approach for improving SHG images
obtained in vivo in the human eye (cornea and
sclera). Different image quality metrics are used to quantify the
attained improvement. Collagen fibers in both cornea and sclera are
better visualized and their spatial distributions accurately assessed.
This might be a useful tool to better discriminate between healthy and
pathological tissues, especially those where changes in collagen
distribution occur.
SEpi-3D: soft epipolar 3D shape measurement with an event camera for multipath elimination
Authors: Yang Xinjie , Liao Qingmin , Hu Xiaowei , Shi Chenbo , Wang Guijin
Published: March 2023

Multipath in 3D imaging happens when one pixel receives light from multiple reflections, which causes errors in the measured point cloud. In this paper, we propose the soft epipolar 3D(SEpi-3D) method to eliminate multipath in temporal space with an event camera and a laser projector. Specifically, we align the projector and event camera row onto the same epipolar plane with stereo rectification; we capture event flow synchronized with the projector frame to construct a mapping relationship between event timestamp and projector pixel; we develop a multipath eliminating method that utilizes the temporal information from the event data together with the epipolar geometry. Experiments show that the RMSE decreases by 6.55mm on average in the tested multipath scenes, and the percentage of error points decreases by 7.04%.
Below-threshold harmonic generation in gas-jets for Th-229 nuclear spectroscopy
Authors: Schönberg Arthur , Salman Haydar Sarper , Tajalli Ayhan , Kumar Sonu , Hartl Ingmar , Heyl Christoph M.
Published: March 2023

The generation of below-threshold harmonics in gas-jets constitutes a promising path towards optical frequency combs in the vacuum ultra-violet (VUV) spectral range. Of particular interest is the 150 nm range, which can be exploited to probe the nuclear isomeric transition of the Thorium-229 isotope. Using widely available high-power, high-repetition-rate Ytterbium-based laser sources, VUV frequency combs can be generated through the process of below-threshold harmonic generation, in particular 7th harmonic generation of 1030 nm. Knowledge about the achievable efficiencies of the harmonic generation process is crucial for the development of suitable VUV sources. In this work, we measure the total output pulse energies and conversion efficiencies of below-threshold harmonics in gas-jets in a phase-mismatched generation scheme using Argon and Krypton as nonlinear media. Using a 220 fs, 1030 nm source, we reach a maximum conversion efficiency of 1.1 × 10−5 for the 7th harmonic (147 nm) and 0.78 × 10−4 for the 5th harmonic (206 nm). In addition, we characterize the 3rd harmonic of a 178 fs, 515 nm source with a maximum efficiency of 0.3%.
The Baikal subtype of tick-borne encephalitis virus is evident of recombination between Siberian and Far-Eastern subtypes
Authors: Sukhorukov Grigorii A. , Paramonov Alexey I. , Lisak Oksana V. , Kozlova Irina V. , Bazykin Georgii A. , Neverov Alexey D. , Karan Lyudmila S.
Published: March 2023

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is a flavivirus which causes an acute or sometimes chronic infection that frequently has severe neurological consequences, and is a major public health threat in Eurasia. TBEV is genetically classified into three distinct subtypes; however, at least one group of isolates, the Baikal subtype, also referred to as “886-84-like”, challenges this classification. Baikal TBEV is a persistent group which has been repeatedly isolated from ticks and small mammals in the Buryat Republic, Irkutsk and Trans-Baikal regions of Russia for several decades. One case of meningoencephalitis with a lethal outcome caused by this subtype has been described in Mongolia in 2010. While recombination is frequent in Flaviviridae, its role in the evolution of TBEV has not been established. Here, we isolate and sequence four novel Baikal TBEV samples obtained in Eastern Siberia. Using a set of methods for inference of recombination events, including a newly developed phylogenetic method allowing for formal statistical testing for such events in the past, we find robust support for a difference in phylogenetic histories between genomic regions, indicating recombination at origin of the Baikal TBEV. This finding extends our understanding of the role of recombination in the evolution of this human pathogen.
Social determinants of patiromer adherence and abandonment: An observational, retrospective, real-world claims analysis
Authors: Kleinman Nathan , Kammerer Jennifer , LaGuerre Kevin , Thakar Charuhas V.
Published: March 2023

Background

Hyperkalemia is a frequent and serious complication in chronic kidney disease (CKD) that can impede continuation of beneficial evidence-based therapies. Recently, novel therapies such as patiromer have been developed to treat chronic hyperkalemia, but their optimal utility hinges on adherence. Social determinants of health (SDOH) are critically important and can impact both medical conditions and treatment prescription adherence. This analysis examines SDOH and their influence on adherence to patiromer or abandonment of prescriptions for hyperkalemia treatment.

Methods

This was an observational, retrospective, real-world claims analysis of adults with patiromer prescriptions and 6- and 12-months pre- and post-index prescription data in Symphony Health’s Dataverse during 2015–2020, and SDOH from census data. Subgroups included patients with heart failure (HF), hyperkalemia-confounding prescriptions, and any CKD stages. Adherence was defined as >80% of proportion of days covered (PDC) for ≥60 days and ≥6 months, and abandonment as a portion of reversed claims. Quasi-Poisson regression modeled the impact of independent variables on PDC. Abandonment models used logistic regression, controlling for similar factors and initial days’ supply. Statistical significance was p<0.05.

Results

48% of patients at 60 days and 25% at 6 months had a patiromer PDC >80%. Higher PDC was associated with older age, males, Medicare/Medicaid coverage, nephrologist prescribed, and those receiving renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors. Lower PDC correlated with higher out-of-pocket cost, unemployment, poverty, disability, and any CKD stage with comorbid HF. PDC was better in regions with higher education and income.

Conclusions

SDOH (unemployment, poverty, education, income) and health indicators (disability, comorbid CKD, HF) were associated with low PDC. Prescription abandonment was higher in patients with prescribed higher dose, higher out-of-pocket costs, those with disability, or designated White. Key demographic, social, and other factors play a role in drug adherence when treating life-threatening abnormalities such as hyperkalemia and may influence patient outcomes.
Toward acquisition protocol standardization for estimating liver fat content using ultrasound attenuation coefficient imaging
Authors: Ferraioli Giovanna , Raimondi Ambra , De Silvestri Annalisa , Filice Carlo , Barr Richard G.
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This study’s primary aim was to assess factors affecting ultrasound attenuation coefficient (AC) measurement repeatability using the Canon ultrasound (US) system. The secondary aim was to evaluate whether similar results were obtained with other vendors’ AC algorithms.Methods: This prospective study was performed at two centers from February to November 2022. AC was obtained using two US systems (Aplio i800 of Canon Medical Systems and Arietta 850 of Fujifilm). An algorithm combining AC and the backscatter coefficient was also used (Sequoia US System, Siemens Healthineers). To evaluate inter-observer concordance, AC was obtained by two expert operators using different transducer positions with regions of interest (ROIs) varying in terms of depth and size. Intra-observer concordance was evaluated on measurements performed intercostally, subcostally, and in the left liver lobe. Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient was used.Results: Thirty-four participants (mean age, 49.4±15.1 years; 18 females) were studied. AC values progressively decreased with depth. The measurements in intercostal spaces on bestquality US images using a 3-cm ROI with its upper edge 2 cm below the liver capsule during breath-hold showed the highest intra-observer and inter-observer concordance (0.92 [95% confidence interval, 0.88 to 0.95] and 0.89 [0.82 to 0.96], respectively). Measurements in the left lobe showed the lowest intra-observer and inter-observer concordance (0.67 [0.43 to 0.90] and 0.58 [0.12 to 1.00], respectively). Intercostal space measurements also had the highest repeatability for the other two ultrasound systems.Conclusion: AC values obtained in intercostal spaces on best-quality images using a 3-cm ROI placed with its top 2 cm below the liver capsule were highly repeatable.
Baltasar do Couto Cardoso
Authors: Maia Helder Thiago
Published: March 2023

Neste artigo, após breve apresentação sobre os estudos literários em torno das “donzelas-guerreiras”, e sobre o lugar ocupado por Baltasar do Couto Cardoso/Maria Úrsula de Abreu e Lencastro (1682-1730) dentro dessa perspectiva crítica, examinamos os primeiros textos históricos portugueses, brasileiros e luso-goeses a narrarem a sua vida, com especial interesse às repetições e rupturas entre essas narrativas. Foram lidos e discutidos dezessete textos publicados entre 1718 e 1928. Por fim, analisamos, em diálogo com os documentos históricos, A Senhora de Pangim (1932), de Gustavo Barroso, único romance a narrar a personagem histórica de Baltasar/Maria Úrsula.
Traduzindo a “bixa-preta”
Authors: De Morais Fernando Luís
Published: March 2023

Partindo de noções que circundam as categorias de gênero, raça/etnia e classe, dentro de uma perspectiva interseccional, objetivo, neste artigo, implementar uma reflexão acerca do fazer literário do poeta afro-americano bixa-preta Thomas Grimes. Para tanto, pauto-me em minhas traduções de alguns poemas contidos na seção “Glass Closets” [Armários de vidro] da coletânea Milking Black Bull: 11 Gay Black Poets [Tirando leite de touros negros: 11 poetas negros-gay] (1995), organizada por Assotto Saint. Meu propósito é demonstrar como Grimes, ao mobilizar cenas diversas por meio de sua poética, não só desvela e articula saberes “subalternos” de grupos sociais explorados e oprimidos, mas também – e fundamentalmente – traça um diagnóstico apurado da empreitada hegemônica de banalização e desvalorização da subjetividade de sujeitos cuja materialidade corporal é negra-gay.
Escrita queer e subversão
Authors: Carvalho André , Dariva Júlia Zen
Published: March 2023

Fan fiction slash (ou ficção de fãs do tipo slash) vem sendo um dos focos do campo de Estudos de Fãs desde a década de 1970. Os principais argumentos sobre fan fiction slash dizem respeito às motivações e aos potenciais subversivos e queer que essas obras supostamente efetivam. Com isso em mente, o presente trabalho analisou quinze das mais populares obras de slash escritas por fãs das séries de televisão Supernatural (2005), Sherlock (2010) e Teen Wolf (2011) a fim de discutir as percepções das relações entre fan fiction slash e subversão queer.
amor entre mulheres negras é um ato revolucionário
Authors: Amaral Amanda Nunes do , Camargo Flávio Pereira
Published: March 2023

Assim como o sexismo e o racismo são experimentados de diferentes formas e em diferentes níveis de intensidade pelas mulheres negras em relação às mulheres brancas e aos homens negros, também a LGBT+fobia terá uma configuração diferente quando enfrentada pela mulher negra. Como nos ensina Glória Anzaldúa (2000, p. 229): “A lésbica de cor não é somente invisível, ela não existe”. Em “Beijo na face”, conto presente na obra Olhos d’água (2016), Conceição Evaristo nos fornece meios para refletir sobre as rupturas que um corpo negro feminino promove no sistema social brancocêntrico e heteronormativo, quando, além de não se submeter ao discurso hegemônico no âmbito étnico-racial, também não o faz no âmbito da afetividade e da sexualidade. O campo semântico do conto é constantemente atravessado pela metaforização de um amor genuíno, em sua simbiose com a dor da interdição. Um amor que é, antes de tudo, um gesto de insubmissão.
Mulheres trans e representações do período especial cubano
Authors: Silva Renato Kerly Marques
Published: March 2023

Vestido de Novia, primeiro longa-metragem dirigido por Marilyn Solaya, foi lançado em 2014. O filme explora as tensões produzidas por definições de gênero centradas na matriz da heterossexualidade compulsória (BUTLER, 2003) perante a experiência de mulheres transgênero. Inspirada na história da primeira mulher cubana a realizar uma cirurgia de confirmação de gênero, o foco narrativo gira em torno da revelação dos segredos acerca da transição de gênero da personagem Rosa Elena e da crítica ao projeto de construção do “homem novo” socialista (GUEVARA, 2011), dando destaque à política de repressão, promovida pelo Estado cubano, contra membros da comunidade LGBTQIA+, no contexto do Período Especial em Tempos de Paz.
The Relationship between Religiousity and New Product Adoption: Case Study on Muslim Students in Yogyakarta
Authors: Afandi M. Yazid , Hasanah Imas , Indrayani Novi , Saputri Shinta Wulan , Arsyi Hanifah Sekar
Published: March 2023

This paper aims to fill the knowledge gap by gathering evidence from the fourth largest Muslim country in the world, Indonesia, through an analysis of the effect of consumer religiosity on new product adoption. The research uses a quantitative research method, where the hypothesis testing was carried out using the Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) method. The data used in this study are primary data obtained from questionnaires distributed to the respondents, per the criteria and research needs. The results show that Islam affects  the purchase decision and adoption of new products. Hypothesis H1 examined in this study has supported the assumption that religion has greater control over a new product adoption. This finding is factual that, in Islam, the actions of consumers are ruled by religious tenets. The distinct feature of this study compared with another similar paper is that this study uses an SEM-PLS method and Warp-PLS in analysing the data. On the contrary, the previous research applies Smart-PLS and SPSS methods. More distinctively, the main focus of this study is the Muslim students in Yogyakarta. This is an exploratory study, in which its findings may not be generalised due to the limited number of participants. The findings of this study draw attention to investigating the impact of religiosity among Muslim consumers on new product adoption. It was so appealing for the authors to see the influence of Islam on the purchase decision and adoption of any new products.
Sale-Based vs Leased Based Contracts in House Financing Default
Authors: Kresnowati Anggari
Published: March 2023

This study examines the relationship between FTV and house financing default, as well as the short and long-term effects on housing and apartment defaults. It also examines the extent to which Islamic banks implement suitable contracts for housing and apartment defaults, whether sale-based or lease-based. The data used in this paper is monthly time series data from 2015 to 2021. The finding of this study shows that the FTV policy in small houses and apartments (22-70 m2) positively significantly influences the house financing default in sale-based and lease-based contracts in both short and long-term periods. Moreover, the FTV policy in leased-based contracts has a significant influence on the house financing default in a big house (>70 m2) in a short-term period.
Análise da composição das carteiras teóricas nos 15 anos do Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial (ISE)
Authors: Damas Diogo dos Santos , Pereira Deivison da Silveira , Lima Gilson Brito Alves , Rego Ricardo Bordeaux
Published: March 2023

Este artigo apresenta uma análise da composição das carteiras teóricas de ações que compõe o Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial (ISE), gerido pela B3 (bolsa de valores de São Paulo), em seus 15 anos. Mensura a concentração na carteira teórica no período para setores, subsetores, segmentos e empresas, assim como analisa estas composições mais profundamente. Na mensuração foi utilizado o índice Herfindahl–Hirschman (HHI) e no entendimento das dinâmicas de participação no ISE foram utilizados gráficos, figuras e medidas percentuais. Pelo HHI ficou claro que antes de 2010 havia grande concentração na carteira, principalmente para setores. Após 2010 houve grande queda nos níveis de concentração, em grande parte devido à mudança de metodologia ao final de 2009, resultando em uma carteira mais diversificada e sem concentração em nenhum nível ao final do ano de 2020. Na análise de composição destaca-se o setor financeiro, com expressiva participação nos primeiros anos do índice, atualmente possuindo uma pequena participação, e os setores de consumo cíclico e bens industriais, que cresceram em participação nos últimos anos.
Dinâmica competitiva industrial
Authors: Souza Sebastião Décio Coimbra de , Almeida Giovanna Mothê de
Published: March 2023

O estudo da dinâmica competitiva industrial envolve um amplo conjunto de abordagens que vão desde a configuração das estruturas de mercado e níveis de concentração, interações e movimentos estratégicos de grupos de empresas, e entre empresas, ao longo do tempo, visando identificar vantagens de desempenho sobre os concorrentes. Este trabalho busca demonstrar a caracterização da dinâmica competitiva industrial para o caso do mercado de Celulose no Brasil, por meio da aplicação do modelo Estrutura-Conduta-Desempenho (ECD), com ênfase na análise da variação dos níveis de concentração industrial. A metodologia teve caráter descritivo, com abordagem mista, com viés quantitativo por meio dos índices de Razão de Concentração (CRk) e Coeficiente de Gini (GC), e qualitativo na análise e interpretação dos resultados em relação aos fundamentos. Nos procedimentos preliminares, foram identificadas as empresas que apresentaram maior volume de produção de celulose no período entre 2013 e 2020. Em geral, os resultados mostraram uma tendência de maior concentração da indústria. Quanto às barreiras de entrada, o alto nível de concentração verificado, próximo a 70% (em 2020), associado à necessidade de grandes investimentos em novas plantas para ampliação das escalas de produção e modernização das empresas dominantes, foi acentuado pelas fusões que ocorreram no período, constituindo-se em fortes e principais barreiras à entrada no setor. É importante destacar o excelente desempenho da indústria brasileira de celulose no mercado internacional no período, saltando da 4ª para a 2ª posição no ranking mundial de produção, conquistando a liderança em exportações. Nesse sentido, pode-se considerar que a estrutura concentrada da indústria brasileira de celulose favoreceu a estratégia de substituição da estagnação da demanda no mercado doméstico pela ida ao exterior, permitindo que o Brasil alcançasse uma posição de destaque no mercado internacional de celulose, gerando forte receita para as empresas e contribuindo com a entrada de reservas substanciais no país.
The knowledge-rich project, coloniality, and the preservation of whiteness in schools: a raciolinguistic perspective
Authors: Cushing Ian
Published: March 2023

Since the early 2010s, education policy in England has been shaped by so-called knowledge-rich ideologies of curriculum design, built around a purportedly essential body of knowledge which all children must be taught if they are to succeed in school and experience upward social mobility. The knowledge-rich project is underpinned by a colonial, missionary and conservative narrative that the homes of working class and racially marginalised families are illiterate, degenerate, and symptomatic of cultural, linguistic, and cognitive deficit – and these defects must be compensated for through Western-centric curricula. In this article I adopt a raciolinguistic perspective to trace the colonial histories of the knowledge-rich project and its emergence as a political and academic agenda in the 1980s. I argue that the knowledge-rich project is actively designed to sustain white supremacy through the systematic discrediting and annihilation of language practices of racially marginalised children, particularly those racialised as Black. I show how raciolinguistic ideologies are integral to the knowledge-rich project, circulating through racist perceptions about language and society which frame racialised children as displaying linguistic inadequacies which carry a threat to social and national cohesion.
Does etodolac affect TRPA1 functionality in vivo in human?
Authors: Marynissen Heleen , Mergaerts Delphine , Bamps Dorien , de Hoon Jan
Published: March 2023

Objectives

In preclinical research, etodolac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, affected transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) activation. Yet, whether the in vitro interaction between etodolac and TRPA1 translates to altered TRPA1 functionality in vivo in human remains to be investigated.

Methods

A randomized, double-blinded, celecoxib-controlled study was conducted to assess the effect of etodolac on TRPA1-mediated dermal blood flow (DBF) changes on the forearm of 15 healthy, male volunteers aged between 18 and 45 years. Over four study visits, separated by at least five days wash-out, a single or four-fold dose of etodolac 200 mg or celecoxib 200 mg was administered orally. Two hours post-dose, TRPA1 functionality was evaluated by assessing cinnamaldehyde-induced DBF changes. DBF changes were quantified and expressed in Perfusion Units (PUs) using laser Doppler imaging during 60 min post-cinnamaldehyde application. The corresponding area under the curve (AUC0–60min) was calculated as summary measure. Statistical analysis was performed using Linear mixed models with post-hoc Dunnett.

Results

Neither the single dose of etodolac nor celecoxib inhibited the cinnamaldehyde-induced DBF changes compared to no treatment (AUC0–60min ± SEM of 17,751 ± 1,514 PUs*min and 17,532 ± 1,706 PUs*min vs. 19,274 ± 1,031 PUs*min, respectively, both p=1.00). Similarly, also a four-fold dose of both compounds failed to inhibit the cinnamaldehyde-induced DBF changes (19,235 ± 1,260 PUs*min and 19,367 ± 1,085 PUs*min vs. 19,274 ± 1,031 PUs*min, respectively, both p=1.00).

Conclusions

Etodolac did not affect the cinnamaldehyde-induced DBF changes, suggesting that it does not alter TRPA1 functionality in vivo in human.
Noise multiplication and bandwidth of photodetectors employed with Taylor dispersion in micro optical fiber channel system
Authors: Nagendram Sanam , Babu Gade Harish , Ahammad Shaik Hasane , Kiran Kasi Uday , Anwer Twana Mohammed Kak , Hossain Md. Amzad , Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki , Amin Marwa Hamed
Published: March 2023

This work has clarified the noise multiplication and bandwidth of photodetectors employed with Taylor dispersion in micro optical fiber channel system. The simulation performance evaluation of slide and squeeze film damping and fluidics mechanics. The damping ratio versus gap distance for a cantilever beam and a mass suspended from beams are determined. The damping ratio with gap size for a suspended mass with and without holes is reported. The damping ratio variations with the gap distance variations for a mass suspended from beams is clarified. The velocity field for fluid flow in a circular channel, a square channel, a rectangular channel, a parabolic channel and a triangular channel is estimated. Besides the velocity field for the fluid flow in a channel with and without slip is outlined. The spreading of a diffusion front in one dimension in a resting fluid and the dispersion coefficient in a square channel [Taylor dispersion in micro fluidic channels] are clarified. The 2D diffusion profile of a solute in a T mixer and normalized concentration versus the channel width for the solute at the outlet of H filter are determined.
The Asymptotics of the Geometric Polynomials
Authors: Belovas Igoris
Published: March 2023

The paper investigates the asymptotic behavior of the geometric polynomials, when the polynomial degree tends to infinity. Using the contour integration technique, we obtain an asymptotic formula, given explicitly in terms of the polynomial degree and variable. This type of asymptotics will be applied to derive limit theorems for combinatorial numbers.
Progress and prospects of biopolymers production strategies
Authors: Hari Sowmya , Ramaswamy Karthiyayini , Sivalingam Uma , Ravi Ashwini , Dhanraj Suresh , Jagadeesan Manjunathan
Published: March 2023

In recent decades, biopolymers have garnered significant attention owing to their aptitude as an environmentally approachable precursor for an extensive application. In addition, due to their alluring assets and widespread use, biopolymers have made significant strides in their production based on various sources and forms. This review focuses on the most recent improvements and breakthroughs that have been made in the manufacturing of biopolymers, via sections focusing the most frequented and preferred routes like micro-macro, algae apart from focusing on microbials routes with special attention to bacteria and the synthetic biology avenue of biopolymer production. For ensuring the continued growth of the global polymer industry, promising research trends must be pursued, as well as methods for overcoming obstacles that arise in exploiting the beneficial properties exhibited by a variety of biopolymers.