bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of Maternal TSH, FT4 With Children's BMI Trajectories, and Obesity: A Birth Cohort Study
Authors: Yang Mengting , Zhang Shanshan , Teng Yuzhu , Ru Xue , Zhu Linlin , Han Yan , Tao Xingyong , Cao Hui , Yan Shuangqin , Tao Fangbiao , Huang Kun
Published: August 2023

Objective

To investigate the association between maternal TSH, free thyroxine (FT4), and children's body mass index (BMI) trajectories and obesity.

Method

Based on the Ma'anshan Birth Cohort in China, we repeatedly assayed maternal thyroid functions in 3 trimesters of pregnancy. Children's height and weight were measured 15 times before they were age 6 years. Body fat was assessed when children were aged 6 years. Mplus software was used to fit maternal thyroid hormone trajectories and BMI trajectories. Multivariate logistic regression models and generalized linear models were used in data analysis.

Results

Low maternal FT4 trajectory was observed to be related to an increased risk of a high children's BMI trajectory and overweight, with an odds ratio and 95% CI of 1.580 (1.169-2.135) and 1.505 (1.064-2.129), respectively. Increased maternal FT4 concentrations in the first, second, and third trimesters were associated with a decreased risk of high children's BMI trajectories and obesity. There was a positive association between low maternal FT4 trajectory and 6-year-old children's body fat ratio with β and 95% CI of 0.983 (0.138-1.829). Furthermore, negative correlations between maternal FT4 concentration in the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy and body fat ratio were observed.

Conclusions

Low maternal FT4 trajectory during pregnancy may predict a high BMI trajectory in children and relate to overweight and high body fat ratio in 6-year-old children. High maternal FT4 concentrations throughout pregnancy may be associated with the decreasing risk of obesity and low body fat ratio in 6-year-old children.
Social Determinants of Health and Associations With Outcomes in Pediatric Patients With Brain Tumors
Authors: Aguirre Alexander O. , Lim Jaims , Kuo Cathleen C. , Ruggiero Nicco , Siddiqi Manhal , Monteiro Andre , Baig Ammad A. , Housley Steven B. , Recker Matthew J. , Li Veetai , Reynolds Renée M.
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Social determinants of health (SDOH) are nonmedical factors that affect health outcomes. Limited investigation has been completed on the potential association of these factors to adverse outcomes in pediatric populations. In this study, the authors aimed to analyze the effects of SDOH disparities and their relationship with outcomes after brain tumor resection or biopsy in children.

METHODS:

The authors retrospectively reviewed the records of their center's pediatric patients with brain tumor. Black race, public insurance, median household income, and distance to hospital were the investigated SDOH factors. Univariate analysis was completed between number of SDOH factors and patient demographics. Multivariate linear regression models were created to identify coassociated determinants and outcomes.

RESULTS:

A total of 272 patients were identified and included in the final analysis. Among these patients, 81 (29.8%) had no SDOH disparities, 103 (37.9%) had 1, 71 (26.1%) had 2, and 17 (6.2%) had 3. An increased number of SDOH disparities was associated with increased percentage of missed appointments (P = .002) and emergency room visits (P = .004). Univariate analysis demonstrated increased missed appointments (P = .01), number of postoperative imaging (P = .005), and number of emergency room visits (P = .003). In multivariate analysis, decreased median household income was independently associated with increased length of hospital stay (P = .02).

CONCLUSION:

The SDOH disparities are prevalent and impactful in this vulnerable population. This study demonstrates the need for a shift in research focus toward identifying the full extent of the impact of these factors on postoperative outcomes in pediatric patients with brain tumor.
Barriers to equality, diversity and inclusion in research and academia stubbornly persist. So, what are we doing about it?
Authors: Prince Lynne R. , Francis Sheila E.
Published: August 2023

Despite an appetite for change, equality, diversity and inclusivity (EDI)-related issues continue to ripple through the world of research and academia, from inequity at the point of entry into education, through to lack of diversity and equality in senior roles. Many academic institutes and governments are taking action to solve these issues, and we welcome the growing number of inclusive practices in the science communication arena. Building from this, we – at the University of Sheffield, UK – have assessed our own situation, responded to pressures applied by research councils, and listened to our staff and student voice. Our new ‘One University’ initiative puts EDI on a par with research, innovation and education as a core university priority, and our Gender, Disability and Race Action Plans allow us to make measurable and impactful changes. Tackling EDI issues needs a collaborative approach, action at an institutional- or sector-wide level and clear commitment from senior leaders.
Studying exogenous extracellular vesicle biodistribution byin vivofluorescence microscopy
Authors: Lau Sien Yee , Kang Matthew , Hisey Colin L. , Chamley Lawrence W.
Published: August 2023

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-bound vesicles released from cells that play a crucial role in many physiological processes and pathological mechanisms. As such, there is great interest in their biodistribution. One currently accessible technology to study their fate in vivo involves fluorescent labelling of exogenous EVs followed by whole-animal imaging. Although this is not a new technology, its translation from studying the fate of whole cells to subcellular EVs requires adaptation of the labelling techniques, excess dye removal and a refined experimental design. In this Review, we detail the methods and considerations for using fluorescence in vivo and ex vivo imaging to study the biodistribution of exogenous EVs and their roles in physiology and disease biology.
Timeliness of Breast Diagnostic Imaging and Biopsy in Practice: 15 Years of Collecting, Comparing, and Defining Quality Breast Cancer Care
Authors: Donovan Cory Amanda , Kaufman Cary S. , Thomas Kari A. , Polat Ayfer Kamali , Thomas Marguerite , Mack Bonnie , Gilbert Ariel , Sarantou Terry
Published: August 2023

Background

The literature lacks well-established benchmarks for expected time between screening mammogram to diagnostic imaging and then to core needle breast biopsy.

Methods

Timeliness of diagnostic imaging workup was evaluated using aggregate data from 2005 to 2019 submitted to The National Quality Measures for Breast Centers (NQMBC).

Results

A total of 419 breast centers submitted data for 1,805,515 patients on the time from screening mammogram to diagnostic imaging. The overall time was 7 days with 75th, 25th, and 10th percentile values of 5, 10, and 13.5 days, respectively. The average time in business days decreased from 9.1 to 7.1 days (p < 0.001) over the study period with the greatest gains in poorest-performing quartiles. Screening centers and centers in the Midwest had significantly shorter time to diagnostic imaging. Time from diagnostic imaging to core needle biopsy was submitted by 406 facilities representing 386,077 patients. The average time was 6 business days, with 75th, 25th, and 10th percentiles of 4, 9, and 13.7 days, respectively. Time to biopsy improved from a mean of 9.0 to 6.3 days (p < 0.001) with the most improvement in the poorest-performing quartiles. Screening centers, centers in the Midwest, and centers in metropolitan areas had significantly shorter time to biopsy.

Conclusions

In a robust dataset, the time from screening mammogram to diagnostic imaging and from diagnostic imaging to biopsy decreased from 2005 to 2019. On average, patients could expect to have diagnostic imaging and biopsies within 1 week of abnormal results. Monitoring and comparing performance with reported data may improve quality in breast care.
Δίκαιο και τέχνη
Authors: Χατζή Μαρία
Published: August 2023

Η διερεύνηση της σχέσης η οποία συνδέει τις έννοιες «τέχνη» και «δίκαιο» προϋποθέτει ήδη σε ένα πρώιμο στάδιο μια απόπειρα εννοιολογικού προσδιορισμού τους. Η τοποθέτηση αυτή, η οποία θέτει τις βάσεις προκειμένου να ακολουθήσει η αναζήτηση σημείων επαφής των δύο εννοιών, επιχειρείται στο πλαίσιο της παρούσας έρευνας αρχικά με κριτήρια επιστημολογικά (με προσφυγή στη σύγχρονη δογματική επιστήμη του δικαίου). Κατά τη σύγχρονη, ωστόσο, νομική επιστήμη, ο ορισμός του δικαίου είναι τυπικός και αφηρημένος. Υπό την έννοια αυτή, δίκαιο είναι: σύνολο κανόνων που θέτει ή αναγνωρίζει η δημόσια εξουσία και εφοδιάζει με κυρώσεις και οι οποίοι αποσκοπούν στην άμεση ρύθμιση της ανθρώπινης συμπεριφοράς και την έμμεση ρύθμιση των ανθρώπινων σχέσεων. Από τον ορισμό αυτό ευχερώς προκύπτει ότι έχει αφαιρεθεί το ουσιαστικό περιεχόμενο των κανόνων δικαίου. Συνεπώς, οι αξίες, οι οποίες ενυπάρχουν στο δίκαιο, δεν είναι αντικείμενο της νομικής επιστημονικής γνώσης. Κατ’ άλλη διατύπωση, έννοιες, όπως η τέχνη, ως προς το περιεχόμενό τους κρίνονται ως εξωνομικές· η διερεύνηση του ουσιαστικού περιεχομένου της τέχνης αναγκαίως οδηγεί σε χρήση των πορισμάτων συναφών φιλοσοφικών, ιστορικών και κοινωνιολογικών μελετών. Από τα ανωτέρω λογικώς έπεται ότι ο ορισμός της τέχνης καθίσταται νομικά κρίσιμος και δυσχερής μόνο στις οριακές εκείνες περιπτώσεις όπου η ελευθερία της τέχνης συναντά και ενδεχόμενα συγκρούεται με άλλα, ομοίως προστατευόμενα στο πλαίσιο της σύγχρονης έννομης τάξης, αγαθά του ατόμου ή του κοινωνικού συνόλου. Κατά τούτο, αναγκαία καθίσταται η προσφυγή στη νομική θεωρία και σε συναφή νομολογιακά παραδείγματα με ταυτόχρονη καταγραφή των ισχυουσών νομικών διατάξεων (του ελληνικού και ενωσιακού δικαίου), μεταξύ των οποίων κεντρική θέση λαμβάνει το άρθρο 16 παρ. 1 εδ. α’ του ισχύοντος ελληνικού Συντάγματος περί ελευθερίας της τέχνης, οι ισχύουσες διατάξεις περί του δικαιώματος προσωπικότητας, του δικαιώματος πνευματικής ιδιοκτησίας κ.λπ. Απώτερος σκοπός της παρούσας έρευνας καθίσταται η κριτική ανάλυση-αποτίμηση των πορισμάτων τα οποία προκύπτουν κατά τα ανωτέρω, και η υποβολή προτάσεων σχετικά με τη μεθοδολογική, από πλευράς δικαίου, προσέγγιση των κύριων ζητημάτων που εγείρονται στα σημεία επαφής δικαίου και τέχνης.
Towards a surveillant reality in tennis
Authors: Papageorgiou Konstantinos , Lekkas Demetrios
Published: August 2023

Here we attempt to present an application of epistemologically significant concepts that have already been described in depth in previous works. First and foremost, we refer to the dual paired method(s) of epistēmē, which is critically different from the scientific method due to a very common misconception ubiquitous among scholars and academics al over; but we also refer to surveillance, theory and truth, as well as the two new, save relevant, concepts of surveillant reality and experiential reality. The example is taken from tennis, a field to which one of the authors regularly contributes. We shall attempt to explore the ways in which the dual paired method of epistēmē is applied to sports science (in tennis) and, based on that, to clarify the concept and the differences between surveillant reality and experiential reality.
Διερευνώντας τη σχέση του ακροδεξιού διαδικτυακού πολιτισμικού και πολιτικού ακτιβισμού με τον φυσικό χώρο. Παραδείγματα από ένα νησί του Βορειοανατολικού Αιγαίου
Authors: Πέτρου Μιχάλης
Published: August 2023

Το παρόν άρθρο αποσκοπεί στη διερεύνηση της σχέσης μεταξύ της ακροδεξιάς πολιτικής κουλτούρας και ιδεολογίας, όπως αναπτύσσεται στα μέσα κοινωνικής δικτύωσης, και της κοινωνικής τους επιρροής στoν δημόσιo χώρο. Βασιζόμενο στα αποτελέσματα έρευνας πεδίου που πραγματοποιήθηκε στο νησί της Λέσβου κατά το φθινόπωρο του 2021, επιχειρεί να αποσαφηνίσει τον τρόπο με τον οποίο ο ακροδεξιός πολιτικός και πολιτισμικός ακτιβισμός, μέσω των ηλεκτρονικών μέσων κοινωνικής δικτύωσης και ενημέρωσης συνομιλεί, αλληλεπιδρά και τροφοδοτεί τον αντίστοιχο ακροδεξιό ακτιβισμό στο φυσικό χώρο.
Η συναισθηματική και πολιτική οικονομία της δημοσιογραφίας του μίσους: Τοξική αρρενωπότητα, μισογυνισμός και ομοφοβία στα ελληνικά ακροδεξιά ΜΜΕ
Authors: Σιαπέρα Ευγενία , Παπαδοπούλου Λαμπρινή
Published: August 2023

Το άρθρο επικεντρώνεται στην ελληνική ακροδεξιά εφημερίδα Μακελειό και στοχεύει να καταγράψει και να αναλύσει τον τρόπο με τον οποίο αυτή παράγει και διαδίδει αρνητικά συναισθήματα όπως το μίσος. Υποστηρίζουμε ότι το Μακελειό, που αποτελεί ένα επιτυχημένο Μέσο, κατάφερε να επιβιώσει και μάλιστα να ευδοκιμήσει στο ελληνικό επικοινωνιακό τοπίο καθρεφτίζοντας, αναπαράγοντας και ενισχύοντας τις μισογυνικές και ομοφοβικές αξίες της συντηρητικής Ελλάδας. Δεν είναι τυχαίο ότι αυτού του είδους η δημοσιογραφία άνθισε κατά τη διάρκεια της κρίσης που έπληξε σοβαρά την Ελλάδα, καθιστώντας την αβεβαιότητα ως τη νέα κανονικότητα σε όλες τις πτυχές της ζωής. Αυτό το πλαίσιο λειτούργησε ως καταλύτης, που οδήγησε σε μια ευρύτερη χρήση των συναισθημάτων στη δημοσιογραφική πρακτική ως μέσο αντιμετώπισης και διαχείρισης της βαθιάς αβεβαιότητας. Ασκώντας αυτού του είδους τη «δημοσιογραφία μίσους», το Μακελειό δημιουργεί μια ιδιαίτερη σχέση με τους αναγνώστες του, οι οποίοι αναγνωρίζουν τη δική τους γλώσσα, τις σκέψεις και τις ηθικές αξίες στις σελίδες του. Εντέλει, το Μακελειό κινητοποιεί το μίσος προς τις γυναίκες και τους ομοφυλόφιλους για να προσελκύσει το κοινό του, το οποίο, με τη σειρά του, υποστηρίζει αυτού του είδους τη δημοσιογραφία καταναλώνοντάς την.
Capturing the moment:a snapshot of Mediterranean bryozoan diversity in the early 2023
Authors: ROSSO ANTONIETTA , MARTINO DI EMANUELA
Published: August 2023

This paper is an update on the Mediterranean bryozoan diversity since the annotated check-list of Rosso & Di Martino (2016), following the publication of numerous new papers describing new taxa and new species, and adding new records of non-indigenous species. Of the 32 new species described, some replace records of cosmopolitan or widespread species, while some others are the result of the dismantling of species complexes. New records include mainly species and genera previously known from the near Atlantic and subordinately from the Pacific. In addition to replacements, removal of species/genera is also linked to formalized synonymies. These changes also reflect on the composition and representation of families. The updated bryozoan fauna consists of 587 species, 220 genera and 99 families. The different order proportions remain largely unchanged with cheilostomatids (c. 77%) dominating over cyclostomatids (c. 13%) and ctenostomatids (c. 10%). Ten families account for about half of the total species diversity. The new available information is the result of the investigation of habitats and localities previously overlooked, the examination of museum historical collections, as well as a more routinely use of Scanning Electron Microscopy with increasing support from molecular sequencing. Updated biodiversity check-lists represent a unique, simple tool to monitor biodiversity in agreement with the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework adopted by the United Nations.
International Law on Cultural Heritage: The Benefit of Updating the International Community’s Classification of Perpetrators of Cultural Heritage Looting and Destruction
Authors: Agelarakis Panayotis
Published: August 2023

Since the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict of 1954 (Hague Convention), the international community has committed to the protection and preservation of cultural heritage. Remaining one of the most central dedicated pieces of International Law on cultural heritage, the lack of updated International Law on the concept finding similar levels of success in obligating states and generating new norms regarding cultural heritage has exposed the age of the convention. Absent from the Hague Convention is a proper classification of perpetrators of cultural heritage crimes. In the past, perpetrators have been convicted of war crimes and crimes against humanity, yet convictions were linked with other egregious acts. The 2016 International Criminal Court Al-Mahdi Case and United Nations Security Council Resolution 2347 both declaring perpetrators of cultural heritage crimes are war criminals was a significant advancement, yet limited, particularly as war crimes cannot occur during times of peace and the difficulty of International Law’s application of rules of war during non-international conflict. This research project argues that purposeful looting and destruction of cultural heritage can and ought to be considered a crime against humanity. Through this approach, a greater number of cultural heritage crime perpetrators can be held accountable. By educating civilians on the importance of cultural heritage and previous state commitments, increased pressure can be placed on governments to abide by previous international commitments, hold states accountable for actions or inactions, and facilitate further transdisciplinary efforts for cultural heritage protection and preservation.
Exploration of Graphene Layers in Various Carbon Materials by Raman Spectroscopic Techniques
Authors: George Jelby , Upadhyay Shanyukta , Balachandran Manoj
Published: August 2023

Structural figure prints for identifying the molecules in graphene layers of various carbon materials can be obtained from Raman spectroscopy. In this review we have discussed the Microraman analysis of few- layer graphenes from different carbon samples originating from hydrocarbon and agricultural derivatives. This review also shows the crystallite size dependence of the D-band in the Raman spectrum. Deconvolution of broad signal peaks is done to get multiple overlapping bands giving information about various aspects of defects and structure of graphitic materials. This review also contains information regarding different types of defects that can be analyzed using Raman spectroscopy.
Gravity of Negative Mass: Some Subtle Aspects and Implications
Authors: Sivaram Chandra , Arun Kenath , Prasad Avijeet
Published: August 2023

The gravitational interaction has mass of only one sign as the source that is conventionally taken to be positive. The existence of negative mass is not precluded in either Newtonian gravity or general relativity. Negative masses have been invoked in many recent papers to understand the dominance of repulsive dark energy that is accelerating the universe. Here we discuss the various gravitating properties of negative mass particles and their implications for black holes, cosmology, and fundamental physics. Inconsistencies in the earlier works are also discussed. We study the possibility of such negative mass particles accounting for the accelerated expansion of the universe. We set constraints on the density of these negative mass particles based on astrophysical observations.
Optoelectronic Transitions in Gold Spherical Nanoparticles - A Simulation Study
Authors: Kumar Amit
Published: August 2023

This study examined extinction spectra, electric field intensity, and their variations due to various semiconductor medium, for gold nanoparticles, using Nanosphere Optics Lab Field Simulator which is based on Mie’s theory of scattering by sphere. The peak extinction wavelength and bandwidth are found to get varied with size of the gold nanoparticle, in four different regimes. Asymmetric distributions of electric fields are observed in particles typically larger than 25nm. The significant differences are found in the results due to changes in the embedding medium. The gold nanoparticles' unique tunable electro-optical properties may therefore be useful for medical, health care, industrial catalysts, and other consumer products. The study shows improved results may be obtained in the medium size range i.e. 25-75nm. In addition, the selectivity can be improved linearly as the refractive index of the host material increases.
Distributed Denial of Services attacks on cloud servers: Detection, Analysis and Mitigation
Authors: Pahal Sudesh , Saroha Anjana
Published: August 2023

Today, most of the IT companies are moving towards Cloud infrastructure and technology due to its flexibility, scalability, and cost-effective features. But security is still the main hinderance to accept cloud computing on large scale. There are many security issues related to cloud implementation and one of the major threats is Distributed Denial of Services (DDoS) attack on cloud servers and applications. DDoS attack is a most prevailing security issue where attacker’s intention is to make all victim’s resources like cloud servers, storage, bandwidth etc. unavailable to general user which results to dissatisfactory outcomes in related business. This paper emphasis on understanding of DDoS attacks, their detection and analysis. The paper also explores the possible mitigation strategies to reduce the impact of DDoS.
Possible Alternate Scenario for short Duration GRBs invoking Dark Matter Objects
Authors: Kenath Arun , Sivaram C
Published: August 2023

In recent works we had discussed the possibility of primordial planets composed entirely of dark matter (DM), and considered this to be a possible reason for not detecting DM particles in the various ongoing experiments. It has been suggested that such primordial DM objects could have formed in the early universe. Here we look at these DM objects as possible candidates for short duration gamma ray bursts. This model has the advantage of eliminating the as yet unresolved baryon load problem in the usual scenario. These could also provide a possible mechanism for the formation of sub-stellar black holes, distinct from the usual Hawking (primordial) black holes.
Stability analysis of visco-elastically damped structure through Bagley Torvik Equation
Authors: Sivaraj Priyadharsini
Published: August 2023

The stability of fractional-order visco-elastically damped linear system Bagley Torvik equation is analyzed in this paper. The fundamental novelty of this paper is the application of Caputo derivative. Prevailing sufficient spectral conditions are considered to guarantee the stability of linear models. Laplace transform, and Mittag-Leffler functions are utilized to develop the results. Furthermore, asymptotical stability of linear fractional-order models are also achieved through spectral values of the characteristic polynomials. Numerical examples are given to display the effectiveness of suggested method.
Comparative analysis of larvicidal efficacy of Silver and Copper nanoparticles synthesized leaf extract of Ocimum basilicum against Epilachna vigintioctopunctata
Authors: Sundareswari Chitharanjan , D.N.P Sudarmani , S Jayadurkga
Published: August 2023

The goal of the current study was to evaluate the larvicidal activities of synthesized silver and copper nanoparticles against Epilachnavigintioctopunctatalarvaeusing an aqueous leaf extract of Ocimumbasilicum. For 24 hours, larvae were exposed to various concentrations of an aqueous, silver and copper nanoparticles sunthesized extracts of O. basilicum.After visible observation, FTIR, a particle size analyzer, and UV-vis spectrophotometer were used to confirm the successful synthesis of nanoparticles. By using a GC-MS study, the phytochemicals found in leaf extract were investigated. LC50 and LC90 values were calculated to analyze the results. The larvicidal efficacy of aqueous extract, AgNPs, and CuNPs synthesized leaf extract were compared. The larvicidal activity of the leaf extract produced by CuNPs was marginally inferior to that of the leaf extract produced by AgNPs.
Impact of Outward FDI on Firms’ Productivity in the Steel Industry: Evidence from India
Authors: Ram Sukanya
Published: August 2023

This paper examines the impact of Outward FDI (OFDI) on productivity and analyses its substantial effect on home countries' steel firms. For the analysis, the study classifies the steel companies into a treatment group and a control group. To analyse India's FDI investment objective and its impact on productivity, the study ranks economies into low- and middle-income, high- and middle-income, and tax havens to analyse productivity growth. The data for the analysis come from Prowess, a World Bank database. The data of outward FDI from Indian companies is compiled from the UNCTAD database. The study suggests that research on FDI does not focus on the impact on the issuing party, particularly FDI from low- and middle-income countries. The study analyses the effects of FDI with special reference to the Indian steel industry.
Natural Language Processing for Enterprise Applications
Authors: A. Bharathi
Published: August 2023

Researchers are concentrating on more efficient communication technologies that can emulate human interactions and comprehend natural languages and human emotions as a result of people's growing reliance on computer-assisted systems. Unstructured data, which is deemed useless, has increased due to the issue of information overload in every industry, including business, healthcare, education, etc. In this context, natural language processing (NLP) is one of the efficient technologies that may be used with more sophisticated technologies, such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, and deep learning, to enhance the interpretation and processing of natural language. In addition to improving human-computer interaction, this can also enable massive amounts of useless and unstructured data to be analyzed and formatted in numerous industrial applications. This will produce significant results that can improve decision-making and hence increase operational effectiveness. This chapter introduces the idea of NLP, its background, and its current state while also going through examples of its use in various industrial fields.

Keywords: Natural Language Processing, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning.
The Gift of Death as the Grand Narrative of Humanism: Towards an Inclusive Ethos for Co-realization
Authors: Abraham T J
Published: August 2023

The celebrated western humanist tradition has its source in its early philosophical texts. In The Gift of Death, Derrida analyses the history of the emergence of ethical responsibility in the so-called Religions of the Book such as Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. While the humanist project helped itself through its conquest of the human sphere, it has served to upset the ecological balance and jeopardize sustainability. While searching for an inclusive vision for a sustainable, ethical perspective, Dōgen’s philosophy gains relevance in the contemporary context.
Moore on Scepticism and Certainty
Authors: B Anandasagar
Published: August 2023

In this paper, I would like to present G.E. Moore’s view on Scepticism and certainty with reference to his papers “Defence of common sense” “Proof of an external world” and “Certainty”. In section I following Moore’s “Proof of an External World” the distinction between empirical objects like paper, human hand, shoes and socks and private objects like images in dreams, double images, after images, and toothache have been highlighted. It has been pointed out that according to Moore, no example of private objects in place of “these are my two hands” could have successfully refuted scepticism; and that Moore does follow Kant’s definition of external objects in order to prove the existence of the external world. The second section emphasizes two points; i) the example of these are my two hands is not a frivolous activity and ii) Moore does recognize the point of Descartes’ dream argument at least to the extent that de does recognize that knowing that P is different from Proving that P. In section III Moore’s attribution of certainty to empirical propositions has been highlighted by responding to the remarks made by Wittgenstein and Malcolm against Moore. In Section IV following Moore’s certainty, a logical explanation of Moore’s thesis that contingent propositions can be certain has been carried out. In addition to that an explanation of how Moore has weakened the dream argument by finding it incoherent. Finally, it has been concluded that Moore’s refutation of scepticism is quite successful in so far as scepticism has no place in common sense.
The Impact of COVID-19 Risk Perceptions on Travel Intention of Young Domestic Tourists in Kerala
Authors: Mary Kulangaraparambil Joseph Neema , Ramachandran Remya
Published: August 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic created a significant impact all over the world, specifically on the travel and tourism industry, which is an important economic contributor and highly sensitive to shocks like these pandemics. The impact of reduced mobility is highly reflected in the tourism industry, and countries across the world are trying to develop measures to ensure the recovery of the sector. So it is important to understand the attitude and perceptions of consumers to gain an insight into the change in travel intentions amidst the pandemic. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of COVID-19 risk perceptions of young tourists in Kerala on travel intentions during the pandemic. Understanding the travel intentions in the current pandemic scenario is of paramount importance as strategies are needed to regain the confidence of tourists. This study has analysed the influence of financial risks, health risks, travel risks and psychological risks on travel intention, wherein health risks, travel risks and psychological risks were identified to influence travel intention. The health risk has influenced travel intentions, followed by travel risk and psychological risk.
Eco-Centrism and the Right to Development: Bridging the Dichotomy
Authors: Bhat Sairam , D'Souza Lianne
Published: August 2023

The link between human rights and the environment in environmental law and governance has been a rather contentious one. On one hand, environmental norms can advance the pursuit of human rights and human welfare and on the other hand, they can be an impediment in the realisation of human rights. The interface between the human right to development and the eco-centric approach to environmentalism best highlights such paradigmatic tensions in the human-environment dualism. This paper explores the dichotomy between human rights and environmental norms, by evaluating the interaction between eco-centric appeals to environmental protection and the human right to development. It examines how the theoretical underpinnings of the eco-centric approach to environmental governance does not aid in the realisation of the human right to development and how the language of the latter creates resistance to that of the former. The paper also postulates an area of possible convergence by calling for a re-evaluation of these concepts.
Role of Courts in Ensuring Water Justice in India: Brasília Declaration on Water Justice and Beyond
Authors: Divakara Naik Gayathri
Published: August 2023

Water being a scarce resource, questions of its allocation and distribution, coupled with concerns of its depletion have troubled policy makers, legislators, and judges alike. While, over the years there has been significant development on the discussion surrounding the rights-duty paradigm of water resources, by establishing the obligation of states, discussion surrounding a certain value-based approach to guide the minds of important stakeholders in creating and enforcing policy has gained far less traction comparatively. It is in this context that this paper explores an alternative justice-based approach to water, drawing from the works of Amartya Sen on capabilities and more so the Brasilia Declaration of Judges on water justice and the various principles. This paper explores how judges can incorporate such an approach through their judgements. The paper also attempts to shift the focus from the hitherto considerations of an anthropocentric and economic nature that have governed water policy and adjudication, and further elaborates upon water as inherently a public good and an environmental necessity and the need for bolstering water management techniques on these grounds.
Rights of Rivers: Learning from the River Whanganui Case
Authors: Finette Unigbe Ngozi
Published: August 2023

Generally, laws meant to protect nature usually suffer setbacks with respect to either their provisions or their mechanisms of enforcement. While certain laws have no enforceable right to a clean environment, others lack sufficient deterrence or require strict proof of causation to ground action. Consequently, suggested reforms include addressing the constitutional challenge of justiciability, improving sanctions, creating compensation guidelines, and amending laws on proof of causation. The enforcement mechanisms of the laws can benefit from strengthening good governance, building the capacity of the judiciary to be able to effectively adjudicate on conservation-related matters, and generally encouraging hybrid enforcement mechanisms.
Evolution of Accounting Practices for Usage of Accounting Estimates As for Disclosure of Reporting Information on ESG Factors and Risks
Authors: Safonova Irina , Kartashov V.
Published: August 2023

The purpose of the study is to analyze the current practice of determination and disclosing of accounting estimates specifically provisions and contingent liabilities in the financial statements of Russian and foreign companies in the oil and gas, metals and mining and energy industries. As a result of the study, the use of accounting estimates in relation to the disclosure of ESG indicators was analyzed. Th e best practices for their disclosure in relation to financial estimations were identified. Based on the content analysis and comparative analysis of public reports, an industry-specifi c ranking of the disclosure quality was carried out. Th e practical significance of the study lies in the possibility to increase the transparency of corporate reporting for stakeholders through the introduction of best practices of the non-fiancial facts impact in terms of corporate governance.
Overdue Amendments to the Deposit Insurance Law
Authors: Smirnov E.
Published: August 2023

Th e Parliament of Russia, having adopted Federal Law No. 83-FZ in March 2023, made serious adjustments to Federal Law No. 177-FZ of December 23, 2003 “On Insurance of Deposits in Banks of the Russian Federation”, which made it possible to ensure that depositors apply to the Deposits Insurance Agency (DIA) for the payment of insurance compensation in electronic form, and thereby significantly simplified and facilitated their contacts with the DIA.
The frequency of significant relationships of selected features describing feet with the torso features among youth aged 7-13
Authors: Rzadkowski Kamil , Mrozkowiak Mirosław
Published: August 2023

Introduction. Research on the relationships and co-occurrence of the feet and torso features in a group of 4-6-year-old children showed that the values of the left foot features show a significantly more frequent relationship with the features of the torso than the right foot features.
Material and method. The research was carried out in the group of adolescents aged 7 to 13 and registered 12,898 observations of the value of 90 features describing torso and feet. The working stand for measuring the features of body posture and feet using the photogrammetric method consists of a computer and a card, a programme, a monitor, a printer, and a projection-receiving device with a camera for measuring selected features.
Conclusions

A similar number of features of the right and left foot is often associated with the torso features. The following features like width of the feet, the angle of the 5thhallux valgus and the left foot big toe, the heel angle and height of the right foot second arch, the height of the second longitudinal arch and the length of the left foot, and the length of the first arch of the right foot show especially frequent relationships.
The feet features show the most frequent significant relationship with the torso features of the frontal plane, whereas less of sagittal plane and occasionally of transversal plane. Torso features, which the most common features of the feet are significantly related to are the height and length of lumbar lordosis, the height of thoracic kyphosis, the angle of the torso flexion in the sagittal plane, the length of the thoracic kyphosis, the bent angle of the thoracic-lumbar spine, the depth of thoracic kyphosis, the depth of lumbar lordosis, and the inclination angle of the upper thoracic segment of the spine. The features of the feet are whereby most frequently related to the features of lumbar lordosis.
The Secretary Problem with Predictions
Authors: Fujii Kaito , Yoshida Yuichi
Published: August 2023

The value maximization version of the secretary problem is the problem of hiring a candidate with the largest value from a randomly ordered sequence of candidates. In this work, we consider a setting where predictions of candidate values are provided in advance. We propose an algorithm that achieves a nearly optimal value if the predictions are accurate and results in a constant-factor competitive ratio otherwise. We also show that the worst-case competitive ratio of an algorithm cannot be higher than some constant [Formula: see text], which is the best possible competitive ratio when we ignore predictions, if the algorithm performs nearly optimally when the predictions are accurate. Additionally, for the multiple-choice secretary problem, we propose an algorithm with a similar theoretical guarantee. We empirically illustrate that if the predictions are accurate, the proposed algorithms perform well; meanwhile, if the predictions are inaccurate, performance is comparable to existing algorithms that do not use predictions.
Okul Öncesi Tekrarlayan Vizing ile İzlenen Hastalarda İmmünglobulin Düşüklüğü Sıklığı
Authors: YOLDAŞ ÇELİK Merve , KÜLHAŞ ÇELİK İlknur , GİNİŞ Tayfur , BÜYÜKTİRYAKİ Betül , TOYRAN Muge , DİBEK MISIRLIOĞLU Emine , KOCABAŞ Can Naci , CİVELEK Ersoy
Published: August 2023

Amaç: İmmünglobulin düşüklüğü viral solunum yolu enfeksiyonlarına eğilimi arttırarak tekrarlayan vizing semptomları ve kliniği ile ilişki olabilir. Bu çalışmada okul öncesi vizingli hastalarda immünglobulin düşüklüğü sıklığını araştırmak amaçlandı.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 01.01.2013 - 01.01.2016 tarihleri arasında T.C. Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Ankara Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hematoloji Onkoloji Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Çocuk Allerji ve İmmünoloji Kliniği’nde 72 ay altında tekrarlayan vizing ataklarıyla en az bir yıldır takip ve tedavi edilen hastalar dahil edildi. Hastaların immünglobulin (G,A,M) değerleri geriye dönük olarak incelendi. İmmünglobulin düzeyleri yaş sınırlarına göre normal ve düşük olarak belirlendi.

Bulgular: Çalışmada ortalama başvuru yaşı 26.9 ay olan 6 yaş altı 585 (%65.6 erkek, %34.4 kız) hasta dahil edilmiştir. Hastaların ortalama takip süresi 2.2 yıldır. Bu hastaların %33.7 sinde en az bir immünglobulinde düşüklük saptanmıştır. Bu hastaların hiçbirinde immün yetmezlik düşündürecek semptom ve bulgular saptanmamıştır. Tüm hastaların %21’inde immünglobulin A, %18’inde immünglobulin G, %7.5’inde immünglobulin M değerlerinde düşüklük olduğu saptanmıştır.

Sonuç: Hastaların yaklaşık 1/3’ünde hipogamaglobulinemi saptandı. Bu hastalarda immün yetmezlik belirtileri yoktu. Okul öncesi tekrarlayan hışıltı ve hipogamaglobulinemi kombinasyonu saptanan hastaların özel bir grup olup olmadığı konusunda araştırmalar yapılmalıdır.
Who Bears Responsibility for the Post-Acute Older Adult: Patient, Family or State?
Authors: Dowling Teresa , Kennedy Sara , Foran Sinéad
Published: August 2023

Aim:

This study explores the perceptions of hospital discharge coordinators on the issues raised for the post-acute older adult and their family, using the lens of assisted decision-making and advance directives.

Background:

New legislation has been developed in Ireland to support assisted decision-making and advance directives that is largely consistent with other countries around the world. The Assisted Decision-Making Act of 2015 was fully commeced in April 2023, following lengthy debate. However, there is a lot of professional uncertainty regarding how to support and integrate Advance Healthcare Directives and assisted decision-making into the care of adults and into the role of nurses working in the community.

Methods:

Utilising a qualitative approach, this study conducted a series of five focus groups, with 23 participants, across the South-East of Ireland. Thematic analysis was used to interpret results. The 32-item consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research checklist was utilised.

Findings:

The central finding in this study concerned the locus of control, as well as findings on burden of care and the role of the nurse. A stark incongruence of beliefs among patient, family and State was identified.

Conclusion:

Nurses must learn to circumnavigate the complex terrain involved in supporting the older adult’s advance decision-making and advance healthcare directives.
Overview of Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Palmer Sarah Jane
Published: August 2023

Urinary incontinence is a common condition, which affects approximately 300 million people globally. In the UK alone, over 7 million people are affected by this condition. There are various physiological factors that contribute to incontinence, such as a weak bladder, weak pelvic floor muscles, overactive bladder muscles, merve damage from muscle sclerosis, diabetes—to name a few.

In this article, the author discusses how urinary incontinence can be managed in men and women, alongside mental health considerations.
Living well: exploring experiences of carers of people with motor neurone disease attending an early-access support group
Authors: Derbyshire Julie , Atkinson Joanne , Dunn Yvonne , Lowe Julie-Anne
Published: August 2023

Background/Aims

Motor neurone disease is associated with rapid disease progression and disability, and receiving a diagnosis can cause shock and fear in the patient and their carers. Prompt access to services and psychological support are important to improving quality of life in individuals with motor neurone disease and their carers. The early-access Living Well support group, led by an occupational therapist and a registered nurse, was developed to support people with motor neurone disease and their carers. The objective of this study was to explore the carers’ lived experiences of being part of this support group.

Methods

Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight carers who attended the Living Well group, using a phenomenological research design. These carers had attended a minimum of two sessions with a relative with motor neurone disease. Thematic analysis was used to examine the data.

Results

Five key themes were generated from the study: diagnosis and fear of hospice; being human; connection with others; escapism; and access to expertise. These themes emphasised the importance of personalisation of support groups that meet the specific needs of those living with motor neurone disease and their carers.

Conclusions

The findings of this study have implications for palliative care services and occupational therapists who work to improve the quality of life for people living with motor neurone disease and their carers. A more holistic approach towards palliative care, including the involvement of carers in support groups similar to Living Well, is strongly recommended.
Breakthrough in Laser Light
Authors: Nathan Stuart
Published: August 2023

Engineers create ‘best of both worlds’ material
Charging Ahead in Battery Research
Authors: Nathan Stuart
Published: August 2023

New class of materials offers potential for faster transfer of lithium ions
Back to the Future in the BMW i8
Authors: Pickering Chris
Published: August 2023

It was the first plug-in hybrid sports car on the market and the newly refreshed version still leads the charge, writes
Digital Wings
Authors: Wade Andrew , Excell Jon
Published: August 2023

How simulation and certification are helping aerospace adapt to additive manufacturing.
Bugs in the System
Authors: Stirling Will
Published: August 2023

Jet engine giant Rolls-Royce is exploring a range of advanced new techniques for carrying out turbine maintenance.
Single-step ultra-purified alginate gel implantation in patients with knee chondral defects
Authors: Onodera Tomohiro , Momma Daisuke , Matsuoka Masatake , Kondo Eiji , Suzuki Koji , Inoue Masayuki , Higano Masaki , Iwasaki Norimasa
Published: August 2023

Aims

Implantation of ultra-purified alginate (UPAL) gel is safe and effective in animal osteochondral defect models. This study aimed to examine the applicability of UPAL gel implantation to acellular therapy in humans with cartilage injury.

Methods

A total of 12 patients (12 knees) with symptomatic, post-traumatic, full-thickness cartilage lesions (1.0 to 4.0 cm2) were included in this study. UPAL gel was implanted into chondral defects after performing bone marrow stimulation technique, and assessed for up to three years postoperatively. The primary outcomes were the feasibility and safety of the procedure. The secondary outcomes were self-assessed clinical scores, arthroscopic scores, tissue biopsies, and MRI-based estimations.

Results

No obvious adverse events related to UPAL gel implantation were observed. Self-assessed clinical scores, including pain, symptoms, activities of daily living, sports activity, and quality of life, were improved significantly at three years after surgery. Defect filling was confirmed using second-look arthroscopy at 72 weeks. Significantly improved MRI scores were observed from 12 to 144 weeks postoperatively. Histological examination of biopsy specimens obtained at 72 weeks after implantation revealed an extracellular matrix rich in glycosaminoglycan and type II collagen in the reparative tissue. Histological assessment yielded a mean overall International Cartilage Regeneration & Joint Preservation Society II score of 69.1 points (SD 10.4; 50 to 80).

Conclusion

This study provides evidence supporting the safety of acellular UPAL gel implantation in facilitating cartilage repair. Despite being a single-arm study, it demonstrated the efficacy of UPAL gel implantation, suggesting it is an easy-to-use, one-step method of cartilage tissue repair circumventing the need to harvest donor cells.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(8):880–887.