bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The intangible index in bank management
Authors: Castilla Polo Francisca , Ruíz Rodríguez Consuelo
Published: December 2019

Purpose: Our research objective is to perform a descriptive analysis of the information on intangible assets disclosed by Spanish banks indexed on the IBEX 35 as a step prior to the creation of which allows us to eventually create a specific disclosure index for this type of content during 2010-2012, the most critical years of the crisis in Spain.Design/methodology/approach: In a first section of the methodology, it has been carried out a content analysis using five categories that cover all the terms that were considered the most relevant in the literature on intangible assets: concepts of intellectual capital, human capital, structural capital, relational capital and usefulness of information. This information has been the basis for the design of an index by categories and global as a second part of the methodological design.Findings: Our results found that the disclosure level of Spanish financial entities in terms of intangibles is reduced with an aggregate index of intangible assets of 0.2698 (between 0 and 1). Although, within the categories proposed it can be highlighted the priority role of the usefulness information index followed by the relational and human capital indexes.Research limitations/implications: The study focuses on 2010 to 2012, which conditions and justifies the results obtained for a period of crisis such as the one analyzed.Practical implications: Our results confirm that the financial entities have not bet for the use of the disclosure of information on intangibles during the crisis despite their potential value in order to guarantee a competitive business performance.Social implications: Managers of financial institutions may have a comparative vision of the disclosure of intangibles and adopt future disclosure policies that consider the value of this information.Originality/value: As the main contribution, this paper incorporates the results of a specific index on intangibles (both globally and specifically for 5 categories) for financial institutions. Our results open future lines of research that analyze why not use this information for competitive purposes and, specifically, to gain confidence in a context as difficult as that experienced in the years of crisis studied.
Changes in Bone Mineral Density of the Proximal Humerus in Koreans: Suture Anchor in Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Park Jin-Young , Kim Myung-Ho
Published: December 2019

abstract

This study was conducted to obtain data concerning suture failure by identifying the change in bone mineral density in the proximal humerus relative to age and gender. Bone mineral density of the greater tuberosity, humeral head, and surgical neck of the proximal humerus was measured in 175 individuals (74 men and 101 women) aged >40 years. Compared to individuals in their 40s, the bone mineral density of the greater tuberosity of the humerus for women in their 70s showed a 42% decrease and in men a 43% decrease. It is therefore recommended that cadavers used for subsequent research on the fixation strength of suture anchors undergo bone mineral density analysis.
Michael Mont on Metal-On-Metal Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty
Authors: Anonymous
Published: December 2019

Over the past several years, metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty has become more popular with orthopedic surgeons. Michael A. Mont, MD, updates Orthopedics on the potential advantages of the implants.
Transmandible Approach for the Treatment of Upper Cervical Spine Metastatic Tumors
Authors: Logroscino Carlo A , Casula Silvia , Riganie Mario , Almadori Giovanni
Published: December 2019

abstract

The transmandible tongue-splitting approach is a useful and safe procedure for treating secondary lesions of the upper cervical spine, with only minor cosmetic and functional impairment. This method requires a team approach and has the advantage of enhancing the surgical exposure, thus allowing for resection and stabilization on more levels. Two patients with metastases in the upper cervical spine were treated using this approach. In view of a relatively long life expectancy, a marginal resection was performed. The residual instability required a combined approach and internal fixation. Both patients were ambulant, neurologically intact, and pain free 24 and 26 months postoperatively.
Two-Year Results After Exchange Shoulder Arthroplasty Using Inverse Implants
Authors: Katzer Alexander , Sickelmann Frank , Seemann Klaus , Loehr Jochen F
Published: December 2019

Exchange shoulder arthroplasty using inverse implants is a standardized procedure used to treat impingement, restricted range of motion, joint instability, and infection.
The Efficacy of a Single Daily Dose of Enoxaparin for Deep Vein Thrombosis Prophylaxis Following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Pulido Pamela A , Copp Steven N , Walker Richard H , Reden Lianette M , Hardwick Mary E , Colwell Clifford W
Published: December 2019

abstract

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a major risk following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This prospective outcomes study evaluates the efficacy of enoxaparin 40 mg once daily for 7 days after TKA, by documenting symptomatic and asymptomatic outcomes using bilateral lower extremity duplex ultrasound upon hospital discharge and on postoperative day 21 (±2). In 60 extremities, duplex ultrasound demonstrated a DVT prevalence of 16.7% (10) on the day of discharge and of 1 1 .7% (7) on postoperative day 21 . No new DVT or propagation of distal to proximal DVT were noted. For this small cohort, enoxaparin 40 mg daily demonstrates effective prophylaxis for DVT in TKA patients.
Effect of Rofecoxib on Pain Caused by Osteoid Osteoma
Authors: Carpintero-Benitez Pedro , Aguirre Maria Angeles , Serrano Jose Antonio , Lluch Mercedes
Published: December 2019

abstract

In a prospective study, nine patients with osteoid osteoma were treated with a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (rofecoxib). Patient pain perception with no treatment, with conventional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) treatment, and with rofecoxib therapy was compared using a visual analog scale. Tumor response was also monitored by radiographs, computed tomography, and bone scintigraphy.

In all cases, pain diminished on administration of rofecoxib in comparison to conventional NSAIDs (P<.05). Four patients underwent surgery whereas in the remaining five patients, bone scintigraphy showed reduced uptake after 6 months. In four patients who were retested at 12 months, scintigraphy values were normal. These four patients are currently asymptomatic and are not receiving any treatment, whereas the fifth patient is still receiving therapy.
Swiss Humanitarian Aid in Spain and Southern France through Paul Senn’s camera (1937-1942)
Authors: Schmöller Natascha
Published: December 2019

The aim of this article is to provide a brief biography of the Swiss photographer Paul Senn, and through the analysis of his photographic journalism resulting from his trips to Spain from 1937 to 1939, add a nuance from the visual perspective of the Civil War and Swiss humanitarian aid for the victims in situ. His photography kept track of both the Republican victims during “La Retirada” as well as of the refugees from Nazism in the South of France during 1942. His aim was to document the historical facts for Swiss readers, potential donors and affiliates of humanitarian aid. The final caption of a published photograph reinforces the compositional resources that Paul Senn employed to foster empathy with the homeless.
The Unitarian’s Service Committee Marseille Office and the American networks to aid Spanish refugees. (1940-1943)
Authors: Velázquez-Hernández Aurelio
Published: December 2019

The Unitarian Service Committee was one of the most important US aid agencies involved in assisting refugees in the World War II context. In the article I analyse the origins of its action in Europe, focusing on a practically unknown aspect which as its intervention in favour of Spanish Republicans who had fled from Spain and the threat of Francoism in 1939. The Unitarian Service Committee (USC) began its operations in the spring of 1940 and an office of the Unitarian Service Committee would be established in Marseilles in 1941. From this office active work was focused mainly on medical help for the camp inmates in the south of France. The USC had an aid program dedicated exclusively to the Spanish refugees. This program was supported by funding from another American organization, the Joint Antifascist Refugee Committee closely linked to socialist and communist circles and whose chairman, Edward Barsky, was a former international Brigadier who had participated in the Spanish Civil War. I will analyse the links between these two organizations and their connections with international relief networks.
Help of neutral countries in the return to life of the Women deportees from Ravensbrück camp. The Spanish Women case
Authors: Duroux Rose
Published: December 2019

Nothing more usual than to find Spanish refugees of 1939 in the French Resistance as they continued their fight against fascism. Therefore, hundreds of Spaniards where caught in the nets of the Vichy Government and the Gestapo. They are imprisoned in the French jails (Toulouse, Montluc, Fresnes, Compiègne, etc.) alongside the French Resistant women. Both will be piled up in wagons to the camps of the Third Reich. Many ended at the women’s camp in Ravensbrück. Usually, the Spaniards were labelled “F”, “French”, because they were arrested in France. This “F” was part of the “red triangle” of the “political prisoners”. Some were even classified NN (Nacht und Nebel), i.e. called to disappear without a trace. As they were recognized by nobody (neither the French nor the Spaniards), this means: no mail, no parcels. They held on for life thanks to the links they forged randomly across blocks, satellite camps, languages, affinities... However, many died. For some of them, the release arrived in April 1944, thanks to “neutral” countries initiatives: in fact, a few Spanish women were able to slip into the Red Cross convoys transiting through Switzerland, which were initially reserved for French women. Others returned by Sweden. Others, finally, faced the apocalyptic evacuation of the camps of 1945 and the “marches of death”. We propose to study “the return to life” helps through some cases – obviously return to France since there could be no possible repatriation for these Spanish anti-fascist survivors, as the victory of the Allies did not affect General Franco’s power. After returning to France, this help continued for two or three years, in particular thanks to convalescent stays in Switzerland, Sweden and somewhere else, and thanks to one-off material contributions from the Swiss Grant (“Don suisse”) or from various organizations.
Diametral Tensile Strength and Reflectance Evaluation of Dental Composite Prototype Using Modified Dental Composite Procedures
Authors: Febrida Renny , Sahilah Wafa , Adriana Sashya , Djustiana Nina , Karlina Elin , Faza Yanwar , Panatarani Camellia , Joni I Made
Published: December 2019

Dental composite is used to restore disease or fracture tooth structure and modify tooth shape as well as color in order to enhance the aesthetic properties. This restoration should possess sufficient strength and translucency at the same time. Diametral tensile strength and reflectance of dental composite were related to the selection of three main components; filler, coupling agent and resin matrix. Quarsi-experimental. This study was a follow-up study whereby the filler silica-zirconia-alumina system were synthesized by sol-gel technique with precursors composition ratio 70:20:10. The surface of subsequent filler were modified by 3-mercaptoppropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) and aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES) then becoming group A and B respectively. In order to prepared the dental composite, acetone was used to reduce the viscosity of Bisphenol A Glycidyl Methacrylate (BisGMA) thus enable introducing more content of filler into resin matrix. Phase of crystalline and particle morphology were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) consecutively. Universal Testing Machine (Lloyd) with crosshead speed 1mm/min was used to evaluate diametral tensile strength between two samples group. Dental composite contain filler-MPTMS coated were continuing tested to measure the reflectance values. Disc of each samples were prepared (n=3) with different thickness (1.5 mm and 3 mm) and same diameter (20 mm). Both diametral tensile strength and reflectance evaluation data were analysis by t-test unpaired. The result showed no statistically significant differences in diametral tensile strength between group A (47,6548 MPa) and B (41,4265 MPa). Reflectance evaluation also exhibited no statistically significant differences in dental composite contain filler-coated MPTMS with different thickness. Dental composite prototype based on diametral tensile strength and reflectance evaluation were potential to be used as alternative dental restoration.
The Flexural Strength of Y-TZP Coated with Carbonate Apatite for Dental Implant Material
Authors: Awalia Wenny A. , Sumarsongko Taufik , Rikmasari Rasmi , Harmaji Andrie , Cahyanto Arief
Published: December 2019

In order to gain acceleration of the osseointegration process after implant placement, micro retention using inorganic elements such as Hydroxyapatite (HA) were commonly used as a coating material in dental implant. Meanwhile, another inorganic material such as Carbonate Apatite (CO3Ap) has been known as bone substitute for decades. The purpose of this study is to investigate the flexural strength of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (Y-TZP) as dental implant material after being coated with CO3Ap. Ten specimens of Y-TZP were divided into two groups. The first group was coated with CO3Ap while other groups without coatings were used as the control. Biaxial flexural strength was determined using piston on three balls-technique and data were evaluated by statistical analysis. The specimens surface were analyzed through images taken by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). As the result, this study showed that there was no statistically significant found between the group with coating and the control group (p>0.05). The biaxial flexural strength’s mean of the group with coating and control were 212.80 MPa and 209.35 MPa; while micro Vickers hardness’ means were 229.56 HV and 245.40 HV. It can be concluded that there was no difference in the mean flexural strength between Y-TZP before and after coating.
Mechanical Strength and Porosity of Carbonate Apatite-Chitosan-Gelatine Scaffold in Various Ratio as a Biomaterial Candidate in Tissue Engineering
Authors: Yuliati Anita , Merlindika Yuliana , Munadziroh Elly , Ari Aditya , El Fadhlallah Mahardhika  P. , Rianti Devi , Ariani Dwi  M. , Kartikasari Nadia
Published: December 2019

Bone defect is a common problem in the field of dentistry. The defect can be solved bytissue engineering. One component of tissue engineering is scaffold. Carbonate apatite is the main material used because it has an organic components similar to human bones. The carbonate apatite combined with gelatin and chitosan can be used as a scaffold for tissue engineering. The aim of thisstudy is to know the exact ratio of the carbonate apatite, chitosan-gelatine (CA:Ch-GEL) scaffold on the compressive strength and porosity size as biomaterial candidates in tissue engineering. Scaffold was synthesized from CA:Ch-GEL with different ratios of 50:50, 60:40, 70:30 and 80:20 withfreeze drying method. Fourier Transform Infared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used CA:Ch-GEL scaffold functional group identification. Scaffold mechanical test was performed using an Autograph while a porosity test was performed using Scanning Electron Microscope. All data wereanalyzed by ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD test. Scaffold has a compressive strength ranges 4.02 - 11.35 MPa, with porous ranges 19,18 mm – 52,59 mm at 50:50, 60:40, 70:30 and 80:20 ratios. CA:Ch-GEL scaffold at all ratios can be used as biomaterials in tissue engineering
Synthesis of Porous Metakaolin Geopolymer as Bone Substitute Materials
Authors: Faza Yanwar , Harmaji Andrie , Takarini Veni , Hasratiningsih Zulia , Cahyanto Arief
Published: December 2019

Metakaolin-based porous geopolymer had been successfully developed using aluminum powder by creating bubbles in the structure. These structures were required to mimic the spongy bone thus may be applied as bone substitute materials. It was conducted by adding the aluminum powder in the mixture of Metakaolin (MK) and Alkaline Activator (AA) (NaOH solution and sodium silicate) with ratio 1:1, 1:1,5, 1: 2, 1:2,5 and 1:3 then namely sample A-E respectively. The slurry was then poured into mold 30 x 30 x 30 mm3. Samples were let harden and heated in the oven 80°C for 4 hours prior to demolding. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to observe the morphology of porosity resulted in the samples and to characterize the crystallinity of the samples. The results showed porous metakaolin geopolymer of sample A had the most similarity with the human spongy bone (80-400 µm). Along with an increase in the amount of AA, crystallinity of albite show a decrease of intensity. This study concluded the porous metakaolin geopolymer obtained was potential to be used as a bone substitutes materials.
Characterization of Dental Lab Putty Materials Components Made from Glutinous Rice
Authors: Usri Kosterman , Takarini Veni , Febrida Renny
Published: December 2019

This paper presents the preliminary results from the experiment of making lab putty from glutinous rice. The experiment aims to use natural, safe, and cheap ingredients to synthesis reliable products of making direct palatal matrix index of class IV dental composite restoration, by characterizing the particle morphology and how each element binds to one another as well as its compositions. Hand manipulation on lab putty was carried out on two different samples accompanied by two fabricated samples with size of 4x2 cm. Particle morphology was characterized with JEOL Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and sample composition confirmed using Electron Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The SEM result revealed that sample A shows smooth morphology from well-mixed glutinous rice tend bind with silicon rubber paste and bovine gelatin. Meanwhile, sample B shows hexagonal and polyhedral morphology that appears to be similar agglomerated form to the sample that marketed available (sample C and D). From the EDS result, it can be confirmed that compositionally, the four samples are similar. To conclude, lab putty made from glutinous rice can be considered as an option of low cost and safe palatal matrix index for class IV composite restoration. Better development of mechanical properties shall be conducted by future research.
Comparison of Chemical Composition between Indonesian White Portland Cement and MTA as Dental Pulp Capping Material
Authors: Nurdin Denny , Primathena Indra , Farah Rahmi Alma , Cahyanto Arief
Published: December 2019

Pulp capping has been suggested as one treatment of choice after pulp exposure. Calcium hydroxide [Ca (OH)2] recognized as gold standard of direct pulp capping matter for some decades. Throughout the time, a new cement known as mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has developed into a prominent alternative. A recent study found that matter as the most effective pulp capping material. Despite the fact, MTA is an expensive material. Several studies in different country show that portland cement has highly similarity chemical composition with MTA. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the chemical composition of white portland cement that fabricated in Indonesia compared to MTA. White portland cement fabricated in Indonesia was used as a sample in this study and commercial MTA as a control. Samples and control were assessed using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) to figure out chemical composition and concentration. Investigating the wavelength of the functional group using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results show that composition, concentration, and functional group either Indonesian white portland cement and MTA has highly similar. Hence, it has a chance to use Indonesian white portland cement for dental pulp capping material as MTA substitution.
Setting Time, Handling Property and Mechanical Strength Evaluation of SCPC50 and Apatite Cement Mixture in Various Combinations
Authors: Artilia Ira , Zakaria Myrna Nurlatifah , Cahyanto Arief
Published: December 2019

Apatite cement is ideal self-setting cement for bone substitute material, however its use is limited only to areas that receive minimum load bearing because mechanical strength of apatite cement is low. Silica-calcium phosphate nanocomposite (SCPC50) is material having good mechanical strength and has an important role in bone remodeling (bone metabolism), mineralization, synthesis of cartilage, collagen production, proliferation and differentiation of bone cells. However, the unsetting and granule’s physical shape of SCPC50 limits the application. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of various mixtures of SCPC50 and apatite cement to manipulative index (setting time and handling property), and mechanical properties. The experimental results show that the setting time of apatite cement mixture with 5% and 10% SCPC50 was 40% higher (p<0.05). The mechanical strength evaluated by Diametral Tensile Strength showed that the addition of both 5% silica and 10% SCPC50 composition to apatite cement mixture increased the mechanical strength of apatite cement mixture (p<0.1). The handling property of cement paste was significantly increased between the apatite cement without SCPC50 and apatite cement with both 5% SCPC50 and 10% SCPC50 (p<0.05). It is concluded that the addition of SCPC50 to apatite cement mixture could improve the mechanical properties and it is expected to improve its bioactivity.
Diametral Tensile Strength and Hardness Evaluation of Prototype Composite Based on Natural Zircon Sand Using Geopolymerization Method with Coupling Agent Variation
Authors: Hartoyo Hutomo Mandala , Takarini Veni , Febrida Renny , Karlina Elin , Joni I Made
Published: December 2019

The widely use of dental composite triggers a lot of research to synthesize composite made from natural sources. One of the natural sources that could be used as a filler of composite is natural zircon sand from Indonesia. The physical properties of dental composite, such as Diametral Tensile Strength (DTS) and hardness could be affected by the filler of the composite. The aim of this research is to determine the value of diametral tensile strength and hardness of prototype composite with natural zircon sand-based filler by using geopolymerization method with various coupling agents. The procedures began from synthesizing Zirconia-Alumina-Silica filler from natural zircon sand using geopolymerization method with two different coupling agents, 3-mercapto propyltrimethoxysilane (3-MPTS) and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (3-APTS), which then mixed with resin matrix to form composite resin, some of the samples were then subjected to a DTS test using Lloyd Universal Testing Machine (5.6 N initial load) until a crack/fracture was formed while some of them was subjected to a hardness test using Vickers Hardness Tester. The results showed the average DTS of dental composite using MPTS coupling agent was 13.78 MPa, while the average DTS of dental composite using APTS coupling agent was 8.90 MPa, and the average hardness result of dental composite coated by 3-MPTS was higher (20.68 VHN) than composite coated by 3-APTS (18.02 VHN). This difference could be affected by filler particle composition, filler surface area and also coupling agent variation. In conclusion, the tensile strength of the prototype resin composite sample group with the natural zircon sand filler using MPTS coupling agent was higher than the APTS coupling agent group.
Socio-demographic and lifestyle factors associated with multimorbidity in New Zealand
Authors: Aminisani Nayyereh , Stephens Christine , Allen Joanne , Alpass Fiona , Shamshirgaran Seyed Morteza
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVES: The incidence of multimorbidity (MM) and its correlates among older adults remain poorly understood. This study aimed to examine the socio-demographic and lifestyle factors associated with MM in New Zealand.METHODS: People aged 55-70 years were invited to participate in a population-based cohort study, the Health Work and Retirement Study, in 2006. Those who accepted the invitation and completed the baseline questionnaire were followed up on a biennial basis. Data on socio-demographic factors, health and lifestyle behaviours, and diagnoses of chronic diseases were obtained from baseline and 6 waves of follow-up. Generalised estimating equations (GEE) adjusted for both time-constant and time-varying factors were used to model factors associated with the onset of MM.RESULTS: A total of 1,673 participants (with 0 or 1 chronic condition) contributed to an overall 8,616 person-years of observation. There were 590 new cases of MM over 10 years of follow-up, corresponding to an overall incidence of 68.5 per 1,000 person-years. The results of the age- and sex-adjusted GEE analysis showed that age, ethnicity, living alone, obesity, hypertension, and having 1 chronic condition at baseline were significant predictors of MM onset. Higher education, income, physical activity, and regular alcohol consumption were protective factors. In a fully adjusted model, marital status (odds ratio [OR], 1.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 1.37; p=0.039), hypertension (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.48; p=0.032) and having 1 chronic condition at baseline (OR, 2.92; 95% CI, 2.33 to 3.67; p<0.001) remained significant.CONCLUSIONS: The higher incidence of MM among Māori people, socioeconomically disadvantaged groups, those with low physical activity, and obese individuals highlights the importance of targeted prevention strategies.
О существовании неотрицательных базисов в подгруппах свободных групп шрейеровых многообразий
Authors: Kruglov Igor Aleksandrovich , Cherednik Ivan Vladimirovich
Published: December 2019

Показано, что подгруппа $H$ свободной группы $F$ с базисом $X$ обладает свободным порождающим множеством, элементы которого есть произведения положительных степеней элементов $X$ тогда и только тогда, когда $H$ порождается множеством всех своих элементов, представимых в виде произведения положительных степеней элементов $X$. Аналогичный факт доказан также для подгрупп свободных абелевых групп.
Характеризация отображений через свойство неизометричности
Authors: Pogorelov Boris Aleksandrovich , Pudovkina Marina Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2019

Для целочисленной метрики $\mu $ на векторном пространстве над полем $GF(2)$ вводится новая мера несогласованности преобразования $g$ и метрики $\mu$, названная показателем $\mu $-неизометричности преобразования. В работе для целочисленных метрик, инвариантных относительно группы сдвигов, и разных классов преобразований, включая инволютивные APN, найдены показатели $\mu $-неизометричности или их экстремальные оценки.
Divini elementa poetae: les lieux et leurs noms dans l’oeuvre de jeunesse de Marcel Proust
Authors: Marinčič Katarina
Published: December 2019

Le recueil hétérogène des textes de jeunesse que Proust publie en 1896 à compte d´auteur cimente sa réputation de dilettante et de snob. En ce qui concerne son début littéraire, le jugement des contemporains sur Proust a été confirmé par la postérité. Tout en reconnaissant l´abîme qui sépare Les Plaisirs et les Jours de la Recherche, nous nous proposons de souligner quelques particularités des textes de jeunesse qui nous aident peut-être à discerner, au delà des ressemblances thématiques banales et trompeuses, des germes de l’écriture proustienne dans l’écriture tâtonnante du mondain amateur. Même dans les parties les moins réussies et les plus insignifiantes des Plaisirs et les Jours, on peut remarquer une préoccupation que Proust gardera jusqu’à la dernière page de son grand cycle: le besoin de s’orienter dans l’espace – pour pouvoir se placer dans le temps.
»Peterburški tekst« ruske književnosti kot ruska različica zgodbe o prostorskem obratu
Authors: Podlesnik Blaž
Published: December 2019

Razprava je posvečena vprašanju razumevanja besedilnega in zunajbesedilnega prostora v konceptu peterburškega teksta ruske literature (V. N. Toporov), ki ga razumemo kot izvirno rusko (pozno)strukturalistično različico prostorskega obrata. V primerjavi s poudarjanjem zunajbesedilnega prostora ter odmikom od tekstualizma, ki je značilen za zahodno prostorsko literarno vedo, je zunajbesedilni prostor v konceptu peterburškega nadteksta ohranil zavest o svoji znakovnosti, iz literature pa je geografski/kulturni/opomenjeni prostor prevzel tudi zavedanje o svoji transgresivni naravi, kar je bila v strukturalni poetiki ena od ključnih značilnosti literarnega besedilnega prostora. V soočenju z nekaterimi sodobnimi zahodnimi in ruskimi prostorskimi pristopi v literarni vedi nato osvetljujemo problem širšega osmišljanja zunajbesedilnega prostora kot kulturnega fenomena, ki ga je – podobno kot tekst – mogoče osmišljati v dveh različnih sferah znakovnosti, ter izpostavljamo, da bi morala sodobna literarna veda odpirati tudi prostor za drugačen prostor.
Branje kot prostorska praksa: odnos bralcev do neposrednega fizičnega prostora branja
Authors: Vogrinčič Čepič Ana
Published: December 2019

Pričujoči članek skuša na podlagi poglobljenih individualnih pogovorov z bralci o njihovih bralnih navadah izluščiti, kako realni prostor branja sooblikuje bralno izkušnjo. Osredotoča se na branje leposlovja za prosti čas in na branje domá, ki so ga sogovorniki postavili v središče, obravnava branje na prostem in v javnosti, dotika pa se tudi vprašanja, kako prostor branja spreminja digitalizacija. Pri tem vseskozi izhaja iz branja kot izrazito telesne in materialne prakse.
Mladinske delovne akcije in železniške proge prve petletke: literarni zapisi in pomniki o izgradnji novega prostora in časa
Authors: Burcar Lilijana
Published: December 2019

Mladinske delovne akcije so bile ključnega pomena za izgradnjo in ohranitev neodvisnega gospodarsko-političnega sistema in s tem družbenega prostora, kot ga je predstavljala socialistična Jugoslavija. V prvi petletki po drugi svetovni vojni je bila še zlasti pomembna izgradnja novih prometnih žil, ki bi novonastajajočemu industrijskemu bazenu Jugoslavije zagotovile dostop do poprej slabo izkoriščanih in večinoma le izvoženih surovinskih bogastev. Na teh mladinskih gradbiščih so delovali tudi jugoslovanski umetniki in umetnice, katerih literarni in drugi prispevki med drugim dokumentirajo potek izgradnje objektov in njihovih najtežjih udarniških trenutkov, predvsem na železniških progah Brčko–Banovići in Šamac–Sarajevo. Kot taki so svojevrsten (literarni in zgodovinski) dokument svojega časa in geopolitičnega prostora v nastajanju, ki je danes zavoljo historičnega revizionizma skorajda v celoti izgubljen in ohranjen le še v nekaterih fragmentih.
Voces efímeras: el drama de la migración transfronteriza en México
Authors: Favaro Alice
Published: December 2019

El objeto de este estudio es la novela Las tierras arrasadas (2015), de Emiliano Monge, que relata el infierno en el que viven los migrantes centroamericanos mientras atraviesan México para llegar a los Estados Unidos de América. Mi propuesta es el análisis de la superposición de la voz de los migrantes personajes –que se intercambian constantemente con la del narrador–, de los testimonios de archivo de migrantes de América Central junto a la historia de los traficantes, a través de la ficción narrativa de la novela. Mi enfoque se centrará sobre el género ambiguo del texto, a medio camino entre el relato testimonial y la ficción narrativa y sobre el papel del sujeto subalterno dentro de la novela, víctima de los abusos de los traficantes.
Historical Memory and the Identity of Places: Approaches to War in Works by Énard and Rastello
Authors: Farinelli Patrizia
Published: December 2019

In this article we will examine the form taken by memories of the war in Yugoslavia during the 1990s in the novel Zone (2008) by Mathias Énard and in the collection of documentary prose La guerra in casa (1998) by Luca Rastello. Our aim is to show that in both works, albeit in different ways, the memory of violent historical events opens up a new approach to the identity of places according to which the identity of this place is not imaginable except in relational terms. Whilst in eyewitness accounts from the collection La guerra in casa, places and geographical areas are redefined only in the categories of “within” and “outside”, of “over there” and “over here” (places where people had direct experience of war and violence and those where people remained at that time outside it), in Énard’s novel they have a more fluid identity. The “here” and the “there” tend to be more entwined because of their shared fate; at the same time also history is represented as a network: individual and collective experiences, the past and the present, the historical and the mythical dimensions often intersect.
Teachers’ Perceptions of Developing Writing Skills in the EFL Classroom
Authors: Thaqi Jashari Lisjeta , Dagarin Fojkar Mateja
Published: December 2019

Despite the fact that English is taught as a foreign language in schools from an early age, students often face difficulties when it comes to the development of their writing skills. This paper aims at exploring teachers’ perceptions regarding the development of the writing skills of elementary and secondary school EFL learners. Altogether, 85 Kosovar teachers were included in the survey. Even though the teachers believe that writing is important, they do not give the same emphasis to developing it as to other skills. According to their responses, some common difficulties learners experience while writing are a lack of vocabulary, writing anxiety, lack of ideas, mother tongue interference, grammar difficulties, weak structure organization and poor spelling. The teachers suggest that these difficulties might stem from a lack of reading and writing practice, ineffective teaching methods and low motivation for writing. We recommend various actions, such as teacher development courses to help them acquire more effective strategies of teaching writing, increased writing practice in the classroom, and the use of different learning strategies to meet all students’ needs.
Journeys in Language Education
Authors: Dagarin Fojkar Mateja
Published: December 2019

This issue of ELOPE is dedicated to language education, which is gaining significance in today’s world as many countries are reshaping their language policies by either introducing languages earlier in the curriculum or implementing additional languages into primary and secondary education. In this context many issues need to be reconsidered, among which teaching and teacher education are the most crucial ones.
Fragmentação florestal em região semiárida no Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Jesus Janisson Batista de , Gama Dráuzio Correira , Nascimento Júnior José Monteiro do , Fernandes Márcia Rodrigues de Moura , Fernandes Milton Marques
Published: December 2019

Os estudos de ecologia da paisagem a partir de métricas utilizando geoprocessamento e sensoriamento remoto são importantes tecnologias para avaliar as condições dos remanescentes florestais nativos, principalmente em biomas fragmentados e com alta taxa de desmatamento como a Caatinga. Este trabalho objetivou descrever a estrutura da paisagem florestal no município de Ribeira do Pombal, BA, por meio de índices métricos da paisagem. Utilizou-se uma imagem do satélite Landsat-8 OLI para a determinação do uso do solo e dos fragmentos florestais. Para o cálculo das métricas da paisagem, foi utilizado o software Fragstats 4.2®. Mesmo em uma matriz com alto percentual de pastagens, predominam na paisagem fragmentos de caatinga aberta e densa de tamanhos médio e grande, com grande proximidade e conectividade. O reflorestamento e enriquecimento dos fragmentos muito pequenos da caatinga aberta podem contribuir para serem utilizados como corredores. O grande percentual de fragmentos maiores que 100 ha garante diversidade florística e resiliência da caatinga densa no município de Ribeira do Pombal, BA.
Las competencias profesionales como factor clave en la metodología didáctica de la comunicación organizacional
Authors: Galarza Fernández E. , Sosa Valcarcel A. , Paniagua Rojano F. J.
Published: December 2019

Este estudio realiza una propuesta de metodología didáctica para las asignaturas sobre comunicación organizacional que se imparten en las Facultades de Ciencias de la Comunicación en las universidades españolas. Se utiliza el diseño de enfoque dominante o principal, en el que prevalece la Investigación Acción como método cualitativo, que favorece el cambio en los procesos educativos para la transformación social; y al que se le agrega el componente cuantitativo de la encuesta, para evaluar los resultados de la propuesta que aquí se realiza. A partir de la revisión de guías docentes y del análisis de ofertas de empleo se observa que, aunque existe correspondencia entre universidad y empresa en el reconocimiento de competencias como capacidad de análisis, redacción, edición, habilidades relacionales, estrategia y proactividad; no se enseñan habilidades relevantes que demanda el mercado laboral como el trabajo en equipo, la autonomía, el dominio del inglés y el manejo de herramientas tecnológicas propias de la sociedad red. La intervención en el aula y las valoraciones del alumnado demuestran la pertinencia del cambio metodológico propuesto, que sugiere una reflexión necesaria por parte de las facultades de comunicación, los departamentos docentes y las organizaciones profesionales competentes, y al mismo tiempo, incentivan la actitud emprendedora entre los estudiantes. 
The AC Corrosion Mechanisms and Models: A Review
Authors: Zhang Shouxin , Li Zili , Yang Chao , Gou Jinxin
Published: December 2019

In this paper, the mechanisms and models of alternating current (AC) corrosion are critically reviewed to provide a systematic understanding for the further development of AC corrosion theory. None of the proposed mechanisms could give a full explanation of the AC corrosion behaviors, and no technical consensus has been reached. The models were gradually modified by relaxing the assumptions to more and more realistic situations, but no new concept was introduced in the improvement. Moreover, most of the proposed models were not verified by experiments quantitatively. Therefore, AC corrosion phenomena are far from comprehensive understanding and still need further study.
Critique and an Extension of Nohora García’s Understanding Mattessich and Ijiri: A Study of Accounting Thought
Authors: Al-Adeem Khalid
Published: December 2019

Several efforts have been made towards basing the practices of corporate accounting on reasoning. This article critiques Understanding Mattessich and Ijiri: A Study of Accounting Thought to expand some of the topics currently relevant to the accounting discourse. The following two claims may be needed for further clarification. Mattessich’s and Ijiri’s presuppositions towards reality actually contribute to reality, as each one of them perceived it as an objective construct, but this idea is challenged in this article. In conceptualizing the practice of accounting, Mattessich may not explain how corporate accounting is perceived. A suitable extension of the book’s topic is thus discussing positive accounting research, elitism in accounting research. More sources on the topics of ‘accounting sociology’ by applying the theory of elitism, ‘positive accounting research’, and ‘citation analysis’ are provided as well. Reading the book may be deemed for accounting researchers trained in the positive traditions as a voyage in ‘the land of wonder,’ but is nonetheless thought-provoking.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Education Studies, Vol. 13, No. 1
Authors: Lee Chris
Published: December 2019

Reviewer acknowledgements for International Education Studies, Vol. 13, No. 1, 2020.
The Effect of Music Teacher Education on Musical Taste of Music Majors
Authors: Engur Doruk
Published: December 2019

In this study, it was aimed to determine the level of change of music education students' musical taste after they have received four years of music education given within the scope of the Music Education Undergraduate Program. To achieve this purpose, a cross-sectional survey was employed. Therefore, 12 pieces were selected to represent each category of Baroque, Classical, Romantic, and 20th-century music, and the first, second, third, and fourth-year students were asked to score the pieces out of 7 according to their musical taste. The results show a linear trend decreasing from Baroque to 20th-century music. However, the year of education of the students does not have a significant effect on their musical taste.
Relacja między kryminologią a prawem karnym –
przydatność wyników badań kryminologicznych dla prawa karnego
Authors: Tarnacka Agata
Published: December 2019

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Znaczenie współpracy międzynarodowej dla rozwoju kadry administracji samorządowej na szczeblu powiatowym
Authors: Binda Jacek , Pochopień Jolanta , Sapiński Aleksander
Published: December 2019

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Implementation of a Pediatric Pharmacy Education Program at a Community Regional Medical Center
Authors: Ferguson Chelsea L. , Ferrell Sarah , Kovey Karen , Young Joanna , Trovinger Sara
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVES

This study aimed to implement a web-based pediatric education program designed for pharmacists who participate in neonatal and pediatric order verification at a community-based health system and to evaluate the success through measuring outcomes related to both comfort and competence of pharmacists in pediatric and neonatal pharmacotherapy.

METHODS

This prospective quality improvement study assessed changes in confidence and competence from before to after education. Eight educational modules were designed to provide education based on the needs of this institution. All pharmacists who participate in neonatal and pediatric order verification were eligible for inclusion throughout the health system. Time in the verification queue for pediatric and neonatal medication orders was compared for before to after education as an objective surrogate marker for comfort and competence. A provider survey was conducted before and after education to assess the providers' perspective of the quality and necessity of pharmacist-provider interactions.

RESULTS

All confidence scores showed statistical improvement from before to after education (p < 0.001). Before to after education competency scores significantly improved (median 77% [IQR, 69%–85%] to 100% [IQR, 92%–100%]; p < 0.01). The module with the lowest mean score (87%) was module 4 (Antibiotics Part 1), and the one with highest number of retakes (24 retakes from 16 different pharmacists) was module 5 (Antibiotics Part 2).

CONCLUSIONS

Targeted web-based education effectively improved both confidence and competence among health-system pharmacists to provide pediatric and neonatal care in a community hospital.
Lower-Dose, Intravenous Chlorothiazide Is an Effective Adjunct Diuretic to Furosemide Following Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Carpenter Ryan J. , Kouyoumjian Shaghig , Moromisato David Y. , Lieu Phuong , Amirnovin Rambod
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVES

Postoperative fluid overload is ubiquitous in neonates and infants following operative intervention for congenital heart defects; ineffective diuresis is associated with poor outcomes. Diuresis with furosemide is widely used, yet there is often resistance at higher doses. In theory, furosemide resistance may be overcome with chlorothiazide; however, its efficacy is unclear, especially in lower doses and in this population. We hypothesized the addition of lower-dose, intravenous chlorothiazide following surgery in patients on high-dose furosemide would induce meaningful diuresis with minimal side effects.

METHODS

This was a retrospective, cohort study. Postoperative infants younger than 6 months, receiving high-dose furosemide, and given lower-dose chlorothiazide (1–2 mg/kg every 6–12 hours) were identified. Diuretic doses, urine output, fluid balance, vasoactive-inotropic scores, total fluid intake, and electrolyte levels were recorded.

RESULTS

There were 73 patients included. The addition of lower-dose chlorothiazide was associated with a significant increase in urine output (3.8 ± 0.18 vs 5.6 ± 0.27 mL/kg/hr, p < 0.001), more negative fluid balance (16.1 ± 4.2 vs −25.0 ± 6.3 mL/kg/day, p < 0.001), and marginal changes in electrolytes. Multivariate analysis was performed, demonstrating that increased urine output and more negative fluid balance were independently associated with addition of chlorothiazide. Subgroup analysis of 21 patients without a change in furosemide dose demonstrated the addition of chlorothiazide significantly increased urine output (p = 0.03) and reduced fluid balance (p < 0.01), further validating the adjunct effects of chlorothiazide.

CONCLUSION

Lower-dose, intravenous chlorothiazide is an effective adjunct treatment in postoperative neonates and infants younger than 6 months following cardiothoracic surgery.
Status Epilepticus: The Slow and Agonizing Death of Phenytoin
Authors: Hall Elizabeth A. , Wheless James W. , Phelps Stephanie J.
Published: December 2019

Since its introduction in 1950, phenytoin (PHT) has been the premier parenteral anticonvulsant used in the management of generalized convulsive status epileptics (GCSE) that is refractory to benzodiazepines. Without question, its arrival was vital to the care of patients with acute seizures and was a welcomed alternative to paraldehyde and phenobarbital. However, after more than half a century of use, there continues to be insufficient evidence-based data to support its efficacy over other anticonvulsants as a first-line agent in pediatric or adult patients with GCSE. This coupled with its narrow mechanism of action, complex pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenomics, drug-drug interactions, unique adverse effects, and formulation issues that make administration difficult mandates that PHT be replaced by safer and superiorly effective anticonvulsants for the treatment of GCSE when benzodiazepines are ineffective. We believe that levetiracetam should become the preferred agent for seizures unresponsive to or recurring after treatment with a benzodiazepine as it is at least equally effective to PHT and has several important advantages. PHT has overstayed its welcome and it is simply time for it to exit the realm of acute seizure management as a first-line agent for benzodiazepine-refractory GCSE.
Azithromycin Prophylaxis in an Adolescent With PANDAS
Authors: Blankenship Paul , Kurek Kenneth
Published: December 2019

Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection (PANDAS) is a type of pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder with an acute symptom onset and periodic recurrence that is triggered by streptococcal infection. Due in part to the multifaceted assessment involved in the diagnosis of PANDAS and lack of consensus on the best treatment, management of these cases is complex. A background and case of PANDAS exacerbation in an adolescent patient, who presented with visuomotor impairment and was treated with azithromycin (Zithromax, Pfizer, New York, NY) prophylaxis to prevent further clinical deterioration, is described here.