bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A infraestrutura urbana e a saúde: Região Metropolitana de São Paulo
Authors: Meirelles Célia Regina Moretti , Bruna Gilda Collet
Published: June 2020

Este artigo focaliza as condições de vida da população nos municípios da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, associando a relevância da infraestrutura urbana como imprescindível para o acesso à saúde. Entre as infraestruturas, este artigo avalia, a água, esgoto, resíduos sólidos, energia e internet. E analisa a importância das políticas e serviços públicos para promoção da saúde por meio dos indicadores, sociais como IDH-M (índice de desenvolvimento Humano), e dos sócios demográficos entre estes: TGCA (taxa de geométrica de crescimento anual); mortalidade infantil; e porcentagem da população idosa. Como procedimentos metodológicos foram aplicados: a revisão da literatura, a análise dos indicadores e da infraestrutura por mapas correlacionando-os de modo crítico. Por fim conclui-se que existe uma relação direta entre a infraestrutura urbana e a saúde da população, pois a falta destes sistemas e dos serviços públicos leva ao aumento de doenças em especial nas cidades periféricas da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Infraestrutura Urbana, Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, Saúde na Cidade.
Variação espaço-temporal da concentração de Escherichia coli em águas superficiais e a saúde pública
Authors: Frias Danila Fernanda Rodrigues , Pinheiro Rafael Silvio Bonilha , Américo-Pinheiro Juliana Heloisa Pinê , Buosi Ana Luíza Bíscaro
Published: June 2020

A qualidade microbiológica das águas superficiais pode indicar as atividades humanas que apresentam potenciais riscos a esse recurso e a saúde pública. Objetivou-se avaliar a variação espaço-temporal da concentração de Escherichia coli na água da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio São José dos Dourados – SP e suas implicações na saúde pública. Para a avaliação da concentração de E. coli na água, utilizou-se seis pontos de monitoramento georreferenciados. Os dados avaliados foram extraídos dos Relatórios de Qualidade das Águas Interiores do Estado de São Paulo da Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo, referente às analises de água dos anos de 2016 e 2017. Em 2016, 83,4% das amostras estavam de acordo com o limite estabelecido nas legislações brasileiras para águas doce superficiais de classe 2. No ano de 2017, essa porcentagem aumentou para 88,9%. Independente do mês e do ano, às águas superficiais próximas às áreas de criação animal e à jusante da estação de tratamento de esgoto apresentaram as maiores concentrações de E. coli. Os demais pontos de monitoramento da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio São José dos Dourados apresentam a qualidade microbiológica da água adequada sem comprometimento dos usos destinados a corpos d´água de classe 2.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Bacia hidrográfica. Microrganismos. Monitoramento.
Партнерство, семья и родительство в нарративах незарегистрированных пар
Authors: Егорова Надежда Юрьевна , Шорыгин Евгений Александрович
Published: June 2020

Изменения в сфере семьи и брака приводят к появлению новых альтернативных семейных практик и расширению границ понятия семьи и семейных отношений. В частности, близкие интимные отношения выходят за пределы брака, все больше пар не регистрируют отношения. Более того, на включение в число семейных претендуют не только гетеро-, но и гомосексуальные партнерства. В этом контексте критерий самоопределения индивида / пары начинает играть все более важную роль для признания отношений «семейными», а привычных критериев (регистрация брака, наличие детей) становится недостаточно. Как следствие, в рамках длительной публичной дискуссии о месте в семейном поле новых форм организации семьи и брака, встает вопрос о самоидентификации гомо- и гетеросексуальных незарегистрированных пар. На основе сравнительного анализа данных отечественных и зарубежных исследований гетеро- и гомосексуальных отношений и анализа материалов интервью c незарегистрированными гетеро- и гомосексуальными парами (N=22 человека), проведенных авторами в Нижнем Новгороде в 2015–2016 гг., описываются мотивы создания семьи, восприятие отношений и статуса в семейной сфере, брачные и репродуктивные установки партнеров, распределение функций в парах. Результаты анализа позволяют выделить как специфические, так и общие черты союзов разной сексуальной ориентации. С одной стороны, в обоих типах союзов присутствует ориентация на формирование длительных и устойчивых отношений с партнером, желание воспитывать детей, быть парой, семьей. С другой стороны, возможности однополых союзов ограничены отсутствием как институциальной, так и любой другой поддержки, в том числе со стороны близких, особенно в России. В этих условиях партнерство, брак для гомосексуальных пар приобретают особую ценность. Формируя основу для социальной и психологической защищенности, регистрация отношений становится возможностью доказать окружающим свою полноценность. Родительство позволяет негетеросексуальным парам чувствовать себя семьей. Для гетеросексуальных союзов регистрация и рождение детей остаются свободным выбором.
Expert Assessments of Loneliness among Older Adults: Identifying Reasons and Providing Solutions
Authors: Касати Фабио , Барышева Галина Анзельмовна , Недоспасова Ольга Павловна , Корнева Ольга Юрьевна , Щекотин Евгений Викторович , Маланина Вероника Анатольевна
Published: June 2020

Loneliness among older adults has emerged as a specific social phenomenon relatively recently – in developed countries just a few decades ago. In Russia, due to its initially strong family-oriented culture, this problem presented itself even later, following the collapse of Soviet society. This article analyses probable social policy adjustments aimed at reducing the negative impact of loneliness on the older generation. We address the issue of loneliness assessment and prevention involving older adults themselves and social workers as experts. The methodology of 'expert seminars' involves comparing preliminary subjective assessments of the phenomenon under consideration with a final assessment of its contributing factors. Two groups of experts disagree on both the general assessment of loneliness and how to outline the loneliness-provoking factors and solutions suggested to combat it. Social workers have assumed that loneliness can be mitigated by developing an age-friendly environment, which improves the quality of life of the older generation. Older adults, however, clearly revealed in discussions during expert seminars and in their final recommendations that impersonal environment-oriented measures are not specific enough to tackle loneliness. In recent decades, political elites have made significant efforts to promote the importance, necessity and, to a large extent, the inevitability of delegating greater responsibility for the well-being of older adults to older adults themselves. However, participants of our Tomsk expert seminars were unwilling to take responsibility and continued to rely heavily on the social protection system rather than on personal resources or family support.
SalivaDirect: RNA extraction-free SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics v2
Authors: Vogels Chantal , E. Brackney Doug , C Kalinich Chaney , M Ott Isabel , Grubaugh Nathan , Wyllie Anne
Published: July 2020

The first section of this protocol details recommendations for collecting saliva for SARS-CoV-2 detection, either by self-collection or healthcare worker-assisted collection. The second section details an extraction-free method for preparation of saliva samples for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection. This involves the addition of proteinase K to reduce saliva viscosity, followed by a heating step to inactivate the proteinase K before RT-qPCR testing. The third section describes a dualplex RT-qPCR assay for high-throughput SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics. The CDC_N1 (N1) primer/probe set targets the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid gene, and is shown to be sensitive and specific. The human RNase P (RP) primer/probe set is included as an internal sample control - detection of RP at PCR cycle threshold (CT) <35 indicates that saliva of sufficient quantity and quality were tested. The combination of both N1 and RP in the dual-plex assay ensures that any negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR result occurred due to genuine absence of virus, and not because of invalid saliva collection or preparation. Version 2 includes: Optimized thermocycler conditions Locally validated alternative options for Proteinase K, RT-qPCR master mix, and thermocyclers Use of 8-strip tubes for sample processing step, due to contamination issues in 96-well plates.
High-Throughput gDNA Extraction of Mosquito Tissues using QIAcube HT v1
Authors: Dorman Jack , Ciubotariu Ilinca , Levy Maria , Fola Abebe , Carpi Giovanna
Published: July 2020

Genomic DNA (gDNA) is crucial to the study of many important aspects of vector-parasite interactions of vector-borne diseases. Many studies operate at the population level of those diseases and as such, it is of immense value to have a high-throughput method of gDNA extraction for field collected mosquitoes that maintains sample integrity. Here we present such a protocol that has presently been optimized for the study of Anopheles gambiae, the primary vector of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. All mosquitoes used in optimization were of the KEELE strain, insectary-raised, unfed, and stored in desiccant to mimic the preservation method generally used for entomological samples in malaria endemic areas. This protocol provides an automated DNA extraction method from dried mosquito thorax and/or abdomen using the QIAcube HT instrument. The QIAcube HT is intended to perform automated, medium- to high-throughput purification of nucleic acids for molecular biology applications such as gDNA sequencing, qPCR of malaria parasite, target capture, etc. The QIAcube HT delivers high performance and reliability, enabling purification of high-quality nucleic acids from 8–96 samples per run. Yield is further maximized and efficiency increased through homogenization via TissueLyser II (QIAGEN) as compared to manual homogenization with pestles. Genomic DNA quantity and quality was assessed via Qubit 1x dsDNA High Sensitivity quantification and Genomic DNA ScreenTape for the Agilent TapeStation 4150. For thoraxes (n=12), the average gDNA concentration was ~2.4 ng/uL (range: 1.13-3.89 ng/uL) while for abdomens (n=20) it was ~4.0 ng/uL (range: 1.28-8.14) in an elution volume of 100 uL. While concentrations were outside the recommended ranges for the Genomic DNA ScreenTape (or sometimes outside the functional range) for the TapeStation DIN calculation, values ranged from 4-6 with fragment peaks around 7000-9000 bp for TissueLyser-homogenized samples. Attached are TapeStation, and Rmarkdown reports, and an Excel sheet containing the IDs and conditions of the samples in the run.
Assessment of the Efficiency of Transformers Technical Condition Monitoring Based on Dissolved Gas Analysis
Authors: Yahya Ammar A. , Levin Vladimir M.
Published: July 2020

The method of analysis of gases dissolved in oil is one of the most informative methods for early detection of defects in power oil-filled transformers. This determined its wide application in the practice of off-line and on-line monitoring of transformer equipment. In the article, based on the ratio of weight coefficients used in the calculation of the technical condition index of functional units and equipment units, a method for determining the reliability of oil-filled transformer equipment is proposed. An indicator that characterizes the quantitative measure of the diagnostic value of a single method (group of methods) for monitoring parameters of a power oil-filled transformer in the calculations of the technical condition index is obtained. The efficiency of monitoring the state of a power oil-filled transformer was evaluated based on the results of the analysis of gases dissolved in oil. A quantitative example of calculating the economic effect of increasing the operational reliability of a group of 110 kV power transformers in one of the areas of the distribution network using a remote diagnostic monitoring system based on the analysis of gases dissolved in oil is given
Las metodologías empleadas en la innovación educativa
Authors: Real Martínez Santiago , Ramirez Fernández Santiago , Bermudez  Martínez María , Pino Rodríguez Ana M.ª
Published: July 2020

En este trabajo se  analizan las metodologías empleadas el proceso de innovación educativa tomando como referente los principios de la Teoría Fundamentada como guía para elaborar descripciones de todos los procesos subyacentes a los relatos emitidos por diferentes agentes innovadores en los centros educativos. A partir de los datos obtenidos se analizan las diversas metodologías empleadas en los centros comprometidos con la innovación educativa. A modo de conclusión, podemos decir que la innovación educativa participa de diversas metodologías y no mantiene ninguna de forma exclusiva.
Análise da reputação on-line do setor de alimentos e bebidas dos hotéis de Florianópolis utilizando o Tourqual
Authors: Platt Leonardo Bunn , Mondo Tiago Savi
Published: July 2020

No presente estudo, propõe-se a analisar a qualidade dos serviços por meio da reputação on-˗line do setor de Alimentos e Bebidas da hotelaria de Florianópolis, especificamente nas regiões central e norte da ilha. As regiões destacam-se por apresentar uma demanda turística alta, assim como uma reputação on-line significativa. A análise foi feita com base nas avaliações dos hotéis no site. Tendo como recorte temporal de um ano, de abril de 2017 a abril de 2018, a pesquisa é definida como quantitativa e documental, pois usa os dados secundários apresentados em números. A análise foi feita com base em categorias e indicadores do método Tourqual, que foi adequado às características funcionais do setor de A&B dos hotéis. Ao final do estudo, foi notado que a opinião dos avaliadores é intensa e específica a respeito de serviços, como atendimento humano, variedade de oferta no cardápio e qualidade da comida. Além da quantidade de avaliações por indicador, para o grau de satisfação houve mais avaliações positivas do que negativas em uma visão geral dos hotéis. A pesquisa ainda mostrou a eficiência do método Tourqual para análise dos serviços de restaurantes de hotéis, assim como a ferramenta de coleta de dados, o site TripAdvisor e a liberdade de expressão que ele proporciona ao avaliador.
A reputação online em áreas protegidas: análise do Parque Nacional Marinho de Fernando de Noronha (Pernambuco, Brasil)
Authors: Ferrari do Vale Tatiane , Guedes de Carvalho Kemelly , Cardozo Moreira Jasmine
Published: July 2020

A utilização de mídias sociais como ferramenta para o planejamento de viagens tem sido cada vez mais frequente, visto que consiste nas experiências de outros viajantes, que recomendam ou não, determinados atrativos, hotéis, restaurantes, etc. Nos últimos anos, um website tem se destacado como a maior comunidade de viagens do mundo, com cerca de 490 milhões de usuários mensais. Como muitos destes usuários utilizam a plataforma para avaliar parques nacionais, este trabalho se propõe a realizar uma análise dos comentários atribuídos ao Parque Nacional Marinho de Fernando de Noronha. A metodologia adotada neste estudo foi a pesquisa quali-quantitativa, netnográfica, bibliográfica e documental. Foram analisadas 59 revisões, que correspondem aos meses de janeiro a dezembro de 2018. Com isso, foi possível verificar que a maior parte (76%) dos usuários avaliou o parque como excelente, mencionando a beleza cênica (46%), conservação da natureza (36%) e marcos na paisagem (25%). Dos aspectos negativos apontados, destaca-se a dificuldade no agendamento das trilhas (5%). Conclui-se que a Unidade de Conservação é bem avaliada pelos usuários da plataforma, no entanto, é importante que os gestores atentem para os comentários negativos, buscando mitigar os problemas evidenciados. Foram apresentados alguns benefícios da análise da reputação online para a gestão de áreas protegidas.
ORTHODOX RELIGIOUS TRADITIONS AND HISTORY OF ORTHODOX PILGRIMAGE IN UKRAINE
Authors: Kazmyrchuk Mariia
Published: July 2020

Ukraine has very old Orthodox religious traditions, as well as a long and stormy history of Orthodox pilgrimage. Just like in Spain and Italy, where pilgrimage routes in Santiago de Compostela and Via Francigena are popular today, Ukraine should popularize its own pilgrimage history. Numerous ancient holy places and shrines of Russia, Cossacks period, the Ukrainian lands under the Russian Empire, the Soviet period are waiting for their pilgrims today.

Despite the growing interest in religious travel, there is no analysis of Orthodox religious traditions and the history of Orthodox pilgrimage in Ukraine in historiography. Only certain issues of the problem are covered, mainly on the history of religion.

Religious journeys has a long tradition. This is not a new phenomenon. Orthodox religious traditions in Ukraine are very old and are associated with the development of the main religion – Orthodoxy. The pilgrimage has been rapidly intensified and has received a legal framework since the days of Kievan Rus and until the present days. Many prominent pilgrims are known in the history of Ukraine. Among of them: the Kiev Grand Duchess Olga the Monk Anthony of Caves, Varlaam Pechersky, Saint Ephraim of the Caves, bishop of Pereyaslav, Vasyl Hryhorovych-Barskyi and others.Since ancient times, Ukrainians can be proud of their immemorial shrines, which attracted many pilgrims. Among them: the saints canonized in Kievan Rus’, the Kiev-Pechersky Monastery and many others.

The tradition of Orthodox pilgrimage has become an integral part of the life of the Ukrainian people, despite the numerous obstacles that have arisen in the historical development of Ukraine. The full history of the Orthodox pilgrimage can not be analyzed in one article. There are many more questions that need to be discussed. It is necessary to pay attention to other religions and their traditions of pilgrimage in the history of Ukraine, as they developed in close cooperation with Orthodoxy in the territory of Ukraine.
BECKMANN'S FAMILY CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF EUROPEAN MOTOR TRANSPORT AT THE BEGINNING OF XX CENTURY
Authors: Gutnyk Maryna , Chrzan Krystian
Published: July 2020

he formation of the automotive industry in Europe in the early twentieth century was considered. The data about car development in Great Britain, France and Germany is given. It was shown how the automobile racing influenced on the development of cars, in particular the transition from cars creation with a steam engine to cars creation with an internal combustion engine.

More and more people became interested in this type of transportation. It was shown that at that time in Europe there were many workshops where cars were developed by scientists-innovators. Among such pioneers of the car industry is to Beckman's family. The activity of this family starting from Paul Beckman to his son Otto Jr. and even his daughter Ilse is presented.

To date, it is extremely limited information about Beckmann's family contribution to the automotive industry in Europe. It was Paul Beckmann who started constructing cars in Wroclaw. At the factory which was founded by his father the production of both as small cars and as trucks and even sports was organized. It is noted that before the beginning of the World War I the most efficient cars developed a speed of up to 95 km/h. Beckmann's family cars became prize-winners of the international competitions of that time. It is stated that Paul Beckman can be considered the initiator of a safety belt. His cars were equipped with special leather straps.

It should be noted that the company successfully developed and had a dealer network in Germany, Poland and Russia.

During the interwar period, the company collapsed and was bought by a larger brand. However, Otto Jr., son of Paul Beckman, continued to take care of a family business. Today there is only one car with the mark of the Wroclaw car factory.
A Multidisciplinary Study of Finds from Suchu Island (1973 Season, Excavation II, Dwelling 1)
Authors: Medvedev V. E. , Filatova I. V.
Published: June 2020

We analyze new ﬁnds from a Neolithic dwelling 1 from excavation II at the Suchu Island, on the Amur River. We analyzed an assemblage of 3788 lithics and ceramics, along with ﬁeld records housed at the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of SB RAS. The article continues the series of publications in this journal, outlining the ﬁndings at Suchu—one of the key Neolithic sites in Northeast Asia. Dwelling 1 is a 0.8-meter-deep round semi-underground structure dug into the sandy loam. In its center, there was a hearth, and walls lacked ledges. On the ﬂoor, numerous pits from posts that had supported the roof were found. The stratigraphic and horizontal position of ﬁnds was registered; artifacts were analyzed through morphological typology, petrographic and X-ray analysis, and microscopy. Our analysis reveals hunting, ﬁshing, and butchering tools, those for processing stone, wood, and bone, those for plant processing, and digging tools. Various sedimentary and igneous rocks were used as raw material. In terms of cultural chronology, standard pottery was mostly attributed to the Lower Amur cultures (Malyshevo and Voznesenovskoye), while some was apparently manufactured by immigrants. Principal technological, constructive, morphological, decorative, and functional characteristics of each ceramic type were assessed. Unusual artistic and ritual items clustered in dwelling 1 of the Malyshevo type (late 5th to early 4th millennia BC) are suggestive of a domestic shrine.
A Zoomorphic Antler Staff from an Early Neolithic Burial at Pushkinsky, the Orenburg Region
Authors: Morgunova N. L.
Published: June 2020

I describe a rare artifact—a staff with a zoomorphic ﬁnial, carved from the curved part of an elk antler. It was found in 1982 on a bank of the Tok River, in the western Orenburg region. The artifact was in a seated burial, discovered by chance. The archaeological context is described, and a cultural and chronological attribution is proposed. It is concluded that the burial is associated with the Early Neolithic Elshanka culture. Similar staffs were found mostly in Mesolithic and Neolithic burials in the forest zone of Eastern Europe. Radiocarbon analyses suggest that seated burials with zoomorphic antler staffs date to the interval from the 6th to the early 3rd millennium BC. The peculiar feature of the Pushkinsky specimen is that it likely depicts a horse rather than an elk, probably because the economy in the steppe and forest-steppe focused on horse hunting. Such artifacts were apparently ritual, and the practice could have originated in the steppe and forest-steppe from whence it spread to the forest zone.
The Marfa Kurgan in the Stavropol Territory: An Example of an Ancient Architectural Structure
Authors: Khokhlova O. S. , Nagler A. O.
Published: June 2020

This study focuses on the analysis of structural elements of the Marfa kurgan in the Stavropol Territory. We list and examine terms referring to such elements, and suggest our own. A description of the kurgan, its natural environment, excavation techniques, sampling, and analytical methods is provided. The material of which the kurgan was made is assessed, and its advantages over other materials are demonstrated. We studied mud blocks (or “bricks”), their clay coatings, and a striped adobe element from the kurgan. Results of chemical and granulometric analyses are outlined, along with those of the micromorphological analysis of soils underlying the kurgan, of the material of which the “bricks” and the coatings were made. The blocks were molded by thoroughly kneading and compacting a moistened material consisting of loess with the addition of river silt, without plant admixture. Clay coatings were much denser, as it consisted of a coherent ﬁnely dispersed clay-carbonate material. Clay mortar, similar to coatings in composition and properties, was used to connect the blocks and the stones of the crepidoma. The same mortar was used for foundations of clay “bricks” buildings. The adobe element with thinnest variously colored stripes resulted from a destruction of an earlier structure.
Wooden Constructions in Bronze and Iron Age Burials in Japan and Korea
Authors: Gnezdilova I. S. , Nesterkina A. L. , Solovyeva E. A. , Solovyev A. I.
Published: June 2020

Throughout the period from 300 BC to 700 AD, signiﬁcant changes took place in the life of population of Japanese Archipelago and Korean Peninsula, which were reﬂected by the burial rite. Speciﬁcally, the practice of using wood in mounded burials became particularly common. Such numerous instances in both regions are analyzed, the placement and several elements of wooden structures, accompanying artifacts, sorts of wood etc. are described in this work. The changes in burial rite practiced in ancient Japan can be seen. During the Yayoi period (300 BC to 300 AD), jar burials gave way to those with wooden structures in Western Japan regions closest to the mainland. It’s established that traditions co-occurred with innovations, as seen from the fact that such structures were coated with clay. Further development took place during the Kofun period (300–538 AD), when ﬁrst log cofﬁns appeared, then composite cofﬁns, and eventually stone cofﬁns. Similar burial practice existed in Korea earlier than in Japan, the peak of this tradition coinciding with the period of Three Kingdoms (200–600 AD). The comparison of the ways the tradition evolved in both regions suggests that it had originated on the mainland, was introduced to Japan by successive immigration waves, and was then adapted to local conditions.
The Ethnoarchaeology of Russians in the Syro-Palestinian Region (18th–19th Centuries)
Authors: Belyaev L. A. , Tchekhanovets Y.
Published: June 2020

This study belongs to a new archaeological subdiscipline in Russian and Israeli research—the archaeology of Russian presence, addressing cultural, ethnic, and geopolitical contacts between the Russian Empire and the Near Eastern, speciﬁcally Syro-Palestinian, population in the mid-19th to early 20th centuries. This was the time when a new sociocultural entity emerged, known as Russian Palestine. Many thousands of Orthodox Christians from Russia (including Siberia) traveled to the Holy Land each year. A prolonged Russian residence in the Ottoman part of Palestine, where Russia owned dozens of estates, had a profound impact on Palestinian culture. Important evidence thereof are archaeological sites relating to Russian estates and pilgrimage centers. This article provides information on newly discovered Russian estates in 19th century Jerusalem, remains of buildings with their infrastructure at the Russian and Benjamin’s estates, and the Russian Compound outside the Jaffa Gate. Evidence of the Russian presence include numerous 18th–19th century lapidary inscriptions, utensils left by the ﬁrst Russian missionaries, small cemeteries, and separate burials (some of them very interesting, such as the burial of a Russian pilgrim at Aceldama, Jerusalem). One ﬁnd is unusual—a family synodikon from Aceldama, printed in Moscow. Among the inscriptions are professional ones, made in the monumental style, and usual prayer grafﬁti. One inscription has allowed us to determine the date of the pilgrimage to Constantinople and Palestine by the Chernigov monks, described by Sylvester (Dikansky).
Traditional Buryat Beliefs About Birds
Authors: Badmaev A. A.
Published: June 2020

This study, based on ethnographic, linguistic, and folk materials, describes and interprets Buryat ideas of birds. The analysis of lexical data reveals the principal groups of birds according to the Buryat folk classiﬁcation. The bat’s status is indistinct, since bats are not subordinate to the kings of the animal world. Diagnostic criteria underlying the classiﬁcation of birds are outlined. The main criterion was whether a bird was beneﬁcial or harmful. Ornithomorphic images in Buryat mythology, folklore, and ritual are described. Cult birds and bird totems are listed, and relics of local bird cults (those relating to swan, goose, duck, pigeon, and eagle) are revealed. Birds with positive connotations are the swan, crane, swallow, pigeon, eagle, and eagle-owl. Those with negative connotation are the kite, raven, crow, quail, cuckoo, and hoopoe). The attitude toward ducks, hawks, magpies, and jackdaws is ambivalent. Certain birds (ducks and ravens) were related to cosmogonic ideas; others (swan, goose, eagle, etc.) were endowed with a werewolf capability. The raven, the cuckoo, and the hoopoe symbolized natural cycles, whereas the magpie and the quail were associated with the soul. The role of bird images in the mytho-ritual practices is discussed. The Buryat mythological ideas reﬂected not only speciﬁc ethnic views of certain birds, but also universal ones.
Искусство и экофилософия: ленд-арт как феномен культуры
Authors: Кожаринова Анна Ростиславовна
Published: July 2020

В статье представлен культурфилософский анализ ленд-арта — направления в искусстве, появившегося во второй половине ХХ в.

Анализируются причины появления этого направления в искусстве: отчуждение человека индустриальной цивилизации от природы и глобализация экологических проблем в последней трети ХХ в. Рассматриваются особенности ленд-арта, к главным из которых можно отнести следующие. Во-первых, путем фиксации на холистическом подходе к системе «человек — природа — культура» в искусстве землинаблюдается снятие закрепленной еще античными философами оппозиции «культура — натура». Во-вторых, в качестве средств художественной выразительности авторами используются принципиально новые для искусства материалы растительного и животного характера (вплоть до микроорганизмов, которые продуктами своей жизнедеятельности могут, к примеру, создавать фон произведения искусства). В-третьих, специфические техники создания произведений искусства призваны обеспечивать хрупкость и непрерывную изменчивость арт-объектов, что обусловлено распространением идеи глобального эволюционизма.  В-четвертых, новым для искусства становится выход произведений из музейного контекста и его непосредственное соединение с природной средой. В-пятых, интересна и крайне необычна для классического искусства обращенность авторов ленд-арта к телесному опыту зрителей (в частности, к такому необычному для искусства чувству обоняния).

Сделан вывод о том, что ленд-арт становится необычным и интересным инструментом, описывающим и интерпретирующим современную нам новую природную и культурную реальность.
Как предотвратили депортацию финно-угорских народов в 1944 г.
Authors: Васильев Юрий Альбертович
Published: July 2020

В статье освещается уникальный и практически неизвестный исторический факт о предотвращении депортации финно-угорского населения СССР в 1944 г. на территории Ленинградской области и Карело-Финской ССР, освобожденной войсками Карельского фронта от оккупации. Упоминание о нем впервые появилось в средствах массовой информации Финляндии в конце 1980-х — начале 1990-х гг. Однако научной историографии по данной проблеме до сих пор нет.

Как свидетельствуют документы Российского государственного архива социально-политической истории (РГАСПИ), обнаруженные в результате целенаправленного исследовательского поиска автора, в ходе наступления Карельского фронта в июне — августе 1944 г. возникла реальная угроза возможного выселения ингерманландцев, карел, финнов, вепсов и других коренных северных народов, оказавшихся в годы Великой Отечественной войны на территории, оккупированной финляндскими и немецкими войсками.

Раскрывается содержание докладной записки военного корреспондента газеты «Правда» М. М. Шура в редколлегию главного партийного органа СССР, в которой в жесткой форме констатировалось наличие угрозы насильственных мероприятий в отношении финно-угорского населения. По определению военкора, обострение национального вопроса получило наименование «карельский вопрос». Освещаются коллизии, связанные с дальнейшим его обсуждением в ЦК ВКП(б), участием высшего партийного руководства страны — секретарей ЦК партии Г. М. Маленкова, А. А. Жданова, А. С. Щербакова, главного редактора газеты «Правда» П. Н. Поспелова.

По утверждению автора, предотвращение депортации на Севере в 1944 г. было осуществлено по указанию «высшей инстанции» — Верховного главнокомандующего И. В. Сталина. Принятие данного решения обосновано геополитической ситуацией, государственными интересами СССР и Финляндии, результатом чего стало заключение перемирия в Москве 19 сентября 1944 г.  
В какой стране мира больше всего хотели бы родиться российские студенты 2020 года?
Authors: Луков Валерий Андреевич , Луков Сергей Валерьевич
Published: July 2020

Социологический центр Института фундаментальных и прикладных исследований Московского гуманитарного университета в феврале — марте 2020 г. провел эмпирическое исследование «Отношение молодежи к подвигу советского народа в Великой Отечественной войне» (N = 1300). Опрос был проведен в 12 российских городах. Один из вопросов исследования — «Если бы Вы могли выбирать, то в какой стране мира Вы больше всего хотели бы родиться?» Вопрос задавался с учетом его прожективности (прожективный вопрос) и отражения не столько реальных намерений и ориентиров респондентов на те или иные страны мира, сколько на специфику современного социализационного процесса в России. В ответах на него обнаруживаются следы социальных ожиданий, напряженности, возможностей проявления молодежью своей социальной (социокультурной) субъектности. Здесь также нашли отражение картины мира, получающие распространение в молодежной среде современного российского общества.

Ориентация на Россию в ответах на этот вопрос, обозначенная лишь примерно одной третью опрошенных, не означает утерю в новых поколениях ценностей патриотизма. Результат должен сопоставляться с большим числом противоречивых обстоятельств повседневной жизни молодежи и с возрастной спецификой освоения субъектности в молодежной среде. Это подтверждает и сопоставление анализируемых ответов с данными, полученными в молодежной среде по тому же вопросу в 2013 г. (N = 525). Хотя между опросами прошло семь лет, результаты ответов студенческой молодежи оказались принципиально близки.
Estimation of the Parameters of Historical Earthquakes with a New Attenuation Equation in Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Lin Guoliang , Wang Jian
Published: July 2020

Yunnan Province is in southwest China, where the seismicity has been active since ancient times. Generally, the uncertainty of historical earthquake parameters is larger. To amend the parameters of historical earthquakes, we have developed a new intensity attenuation equation. From 2000 to 2018, there were 25 instrumentally recorded earthquakes with Ms 5.0–6.6 in Yunnan. The parameters of those earthquake events, including their epicentral locations and magnitudes, are determined with high accuracy. Meanwhile, total intensity values of 1345 intensity data points have been carefully assessed by survey. With both accurate earthquake parameters and valuable intensity data, a new intensity attenuation equation has been established. The result shows the optimal intensity magnitude MI can be calculated from the mean of Mi=(I−2.1113+0.0412Δi+1.3717lgΔi)/1.1641, in which Δi is the distance between the epicenter and the surveyed seismic point. By adapting the method proposed by Bakun and Wentworth (1997) for determining earthquake source parameters directly from historical intensity data, we have tested retrospectively the new attenuation on the 25 instrumentally recorded earthquakes. Then this attenuation was applied to deal with the parameters of two historical earthquakes, the 26 February 1713 Xundian earthquake and the 11 May 1909 Huaning earthquakes. Our results reduced the uncertainty of previously estimated parameters, which were large. The amended parameters will be valuable for seismic hazard analysis and earthquake disaster reduction.
cavalo de todas as cores, uma revista organizada por João Cabral e Alberto de Serpa em sua contemporaneidade
Authors: Fiuza Solange
Published: June 2020

Resumo: Em 1950, João Cabral de Melo Neto e o poeta português Alberto Serpa publicaram a revista de poesia O cavalo de todas as cores, que teve um único número. O interesse por essa revista parecia residir, sobretudo, em ter sido ela um empreendimento editorial envolvendo um dos maiores poetas brasileiros de todos os tempos. Entretanto, a correspondência trocada entre os dois editores, tratando centralmente da organização da revista, talvez redimensione a importância dessa publicação, sobretudo, no conjunto da obra de Cabral. Propõe-se acompanhar, a partir dessa correspondência, o processo de organização de O cavalo de todas as cores, contemplando as escolhas dos editores e o que elas revelam sobre o modo como cada um lidou com sua contemporaneidade política.
Palavras-chave: João Cabral de Melo Neto; Alberto de Serpa; correspondência; revista O cavalo de todas as cores.
Corpo, culpa e vergonha em Mundos mortos, de Octávio de Faria
Authors: Camargo Fábio Figueiredo
Published: June 2020

Resumo: O presente artigo analisa o romance Mundos mortos, de Octávio de Faria, publicado em 1937, rotulado pela crítica como literatura intimista, abordando personagens adolescentes e seus dilemas sobre sexualidade em torno de um local de homossociabilidade, o colégio de padres católicos. O que chama atenção na produção desse autor, e está expresso nos textos ficcionais, nos dilemas de seus personagens, em seu diário e em suas correspondências, é o conflito constante entre o fato deste ser católico fervoroso e, ao mesmo tempo, haver a presença marcante de um homoerotismo, o qual está diretamente ligado à produção dos corpos dos personagens. Esses corpos dóceis, ou rebeldes, estranhos, diferentes colocam-se em posições negativas com relação ao padrão heteronormativo de seu tempo, deparando-se com os sentimentos de culpa e vergonha constantes, instituídos pelo catolicismo. Analisa-se de que modo o escritor representou o corpo diante dos dogmas católicos, a representação da homossexualidade e como isso transparece em seu romance, lançando mão de teóricos como Eve Kosofski Sedgwick, Michel Foucault e Judith Butler.
Palavras-chave: literatura brasileira; Octávio de Faria; corpo; homoerotismo; catolicismo.
Abstract: This article analyzes Octávio de Faria’s novel Mundos mortos, published in 1937, critically labeled as intimate literature, about adolescent characters and their dilemmas around sexuality at a homosocial place, the college of Catholic priests. What draws attention in this author’s production, and is expressed in the fictional texts, the dilemmas of his characters, his diary and his correspondences, is the constant conflict between him being a fervent Catholic and, at the same time, having the presence striking feature of homoerotism, which is directly linked to the production of the bodies of the characters. These docile, or rebellious, strange, different bodies put themselves in negative positions with respect to the heteronormative pattern of their time, encountering the constant feelings of guilt and shame instituted by Catholicism. Analyzes how the writer represented the body in the face of Catholic dogma, the representation of homosexuality, and how this shows in his novel, using theorists such as Eve Kosofski Sedgwick, Michel Foucault and Judith Butler.
Keywords: Brazilian literature; Octávio de Faria; body; homoeroticism; catholicism.
sol na cabeça, de Geovani Martins
Authors: Pimentel Davi Andrade
Published: June 2020

Resumo: Este artigo analisa o livro O sol na cabeça, de Geovani Martins, a partir da renovada perspectiva temática sobre o morro – a favela – efetuada pelo escritor ao abandonar a visão estereotipada do favelado que por muito tempo esteve presente na literatura brasileira. Em seu projeto de escrita, Martins se apropria da oralidade dos moradores do morro para desconstruir e descentrar a palavra literária, inserindo-a em uma nova sintaxe, única e inaugural, que, consequentemente, exige do leitor um novo pacto de leitura, mais agressivo e participativo. Com base nesse pacto de leitura, este artigo será dividido em três momentos: o estudo do descentramento da palavra literária, a diferença entre sociedade e comunidade e, por último, a questão do outro enquanto diferença, e não semelhança.
Palavras-chave: literatura do morro; sociedade periférica; Geovani Martins.
Questionário de inteligência emocional do professor: adaptação e validação do “Emotional Skills and Competence Questionnaire”
Authors: Valente Sabina , Lourenço Abílio Afonso
Published: July 2020

A inteligência emocional tem motivado um interesse progressivo no domínio da educação. No entanto, não tem sido suficientemente investigada em professores. Como tal, este estudo teve por objetivo adaptar e validar o Emotional Skills and Competence Questionnaire (ESCQ) para professores portugueses. O ESCQ constitui um instrumento de autorrelato da inteligência emocional, tendo por base o modelo teórico de Mayer e Salovey (1997). A amostra foi constituída por 958 professores dos ensinos básicos e secundário. Foram administrados os seguintes questionários: Questionário de Inteligência Emocional do Professor (QIEP), e o Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory-II– Portuguese Version in School Context (ROCI-II-PViSC). A análise estatística incluiu a técnica de modelação de equações estruturais, tendo por suporte o SPSS/AMOS 25. Desta adaptação e validação resultou o QIEP, um instrumento de avaliação da inteligência emocional para professores. Os resultados da análise fatorial confirmatória demonstram o ajustamento da estrutura fatorial original. O QIEP apresentou um coeficiente de confiabilidade robusto e as diversas características psicométricas evidenciaram a adequada validade e fiabilidade do instrumento. Em conclusão, os resultados deste estudo fornecem evidências de que o QIEP pode ser usado como instrumento para avaliar a inteligência emocional dos professores, no contexto português, podendo ser usado em futuros estudos e práticas educativas.
Percepción subjetiva y socialización de las relaciones románticas de pareja en futuros y futuras docentes
Authors: Rivas-Rivero Esther , Bonilla-Algovia Enrique
Published: July 2020

Las relaciones de pareja suelen ser una fuente de bienestar y un proyecto de vida compartida a partir de la relevancia que se otorga a esta forma de organización social, sin embargo, el ideario del amor romántico tiene consecuencias negativas que tienen su origen en los distintos agentes de socialización. El presente estudio cualitativo analiza las percepciones de 34 futuros y futuras docentes, cuya edad media es de 21.32 años (DT = 3.121), respecto a las relaciones de pareja y el amor romántico. Los resultados muestran que el compromiso y la reciprocidad son indicadores importantes de bienestar propio y compartido, si bien, se encontraron respuestas asociadas al malestar relacionadas con los imperativos sociales del amor romántico. Además, las personas participantes aludieron a los celos y a conductas de control por parte de las parejas con bastante frecuencia, principalmente entre las mujeres. Visibilizar el significado que se da al amor romántico y a las relaciones de pareja podría favorecer el desarrollo de una perspectiva crítica respecto a cómo se han asimilado estos modelos relacionales entre quienes socializarán a las futuras generaciones.
Aprendizaje de palabras en euskera, altas y bajas en imagen, mediante la mnemotecnia de la palabra clave
Authors: Goñi-Artola Aitziber , González María Ángeles , Campos Alfredo
Published: July 2020

La mnemotecnia de la palaba clave se utiliza para el aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera. Se ha comprobado su eficacia en muchas lenguas en todo el mundo. Este estudio tenía como objetivo analizar la eficacia de la mnemotecnia de la palabra clave en el aprendizaje del idioma euskera, utilizando listas largas de palabras, altas y bajas en imagen. Se ha utilizado un grupo de 424 estudiantes (226 mujeres y 198 hombres) de la Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria para que aprendiesen la traducción española de una lista de 28 palabras del euskera (14 altas en imagen y 14 bajas en imagen). Fueron administrados el Gordon Test of Visual Imagery Control y el Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire. Se ha comprobado que la mnemotecnia de la palabra clave, cuando la palabra clave es elegida por los compañeros de los participantes, tuvo un mayor recuerdo de la traducción de palabras del euskera al español, que el grupo que utilizó el método de repetición y los grupos que utilizaron otros métodos de selección de la palabra clave. Se discuten los resultados y se proponen nuevas líneas de investigación.
La regulación de las empresas de turismo activo hacia la tercera década del siglo XXI
Authors: Nasarre Sarmiento José María
Published: July 2020

En 2021 hará 30 años de la publicación de la primera regulación de las empresas de turismo activo en España. Se han aprobado legislaciones sobre turismo activo en 14 de las 17 comunidades autónomas españolas. Poco a poco, han mejorado las condiciones de calidad, seguridad y atención al cliente. Es preciso conocer la situación actual, comprobando las propuestas realizadas en las últimas décadas que se han integrado en la legislación, las que se han rechazado y las que han sufrido adaptaciones con flexibilidad o rigidez. Para pulsar la situación en la antesala del año 2021, se han tomado los contenidos del “Modelo de norma específica para la regulación autonómica del turismo activo” de la Asociación Nacional de Empresarios de Turismo Activo (2016), el “Proyecto de Decreto de turismo activo de la Comunidad Autónoma de Galicia” (2019) y el “Proyecto de Decreto de Empresas de Turismo Activo de Aragón” (2020). La evolución de las actividades ofertadas por las empresas, la evolución de la legislación española y comunitaria, la realidad social y la actualización del turismo, han influido en las propuestas de regulación jurídica de las empresas de turismo activo por parte de las comunidades autónomas españolas en el año 2021.
SISTEMAS DE VENTILAÇÃO NA AVICULTURA BRASILEIRA: ESTADO DA ARTE
Authors: Vilela M. O. , Gates R. S. , Souza C. F. , Martins M. A. , Tinôco I. F. F. , Teles Júnior C. G. S.
Published: July 2020

O Brasil é um dos principais produtores mundiais de carne de frango e de ovos, e para se manter competitivo no mercado, novas metodologias vem sendo estudadas e implementadas a fim de se obter maior rendimento na produção, enfatizando-se o manejo, dieta, sanidade e ambiência. Neste sentido, o monitoramento e controle de variáveis relacionadas ao ambiente térmico e qualidade do ar são de extrema relevância. Ademais, o perfil do consumidor atual tem se mostrado cada vez mais exigente frente ao bem-estar animal diante da grande visibilidade desse conceito nos últimos anos, segundo o qual a procedência dos produtos consumidos são critérios de escolha no momento da compra. Na produção avícola industrial, um dos pontos cruciais para garantia de um ambiente confortável para as aves e, assim, boas respostas nos índices zootécnicos, consiste na escolha e dimensionamento correto do sistema de ventilação instalado nos galpões de criação. Diante disso, para alcançar melhor distribuição do fluxo de ar em aviários e atender as exigências internacionais de bem-estar e qualidade do ar, de acordo com os padrões de qualidade exigidos, esta revisão de literatura objetivou apresentar um levantamento dos principais sistemas de ventilação, bem como de sua aplicabilidade na avicultura brasileira, além de reportar o estado na arte nesse tema.
Aspectos biomecánicos y lesiones musculoesqueléticas en miembros superiores en tenis adaptado
Authors: Quintero Palma Laura Andrea , Castaño Cardona Katty Johana , Martínez Álvarez Luz América
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Determinar las fases con mayor dificultad de ejecución en el gesto técnico del revés en deportistas de tenis adaptado.

Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Participaron los 8 deportistas de la Liga Vallecaucana de tenis adaptado. Se evaluó el gesto mediante el análisis del movimiento en tres dimensiones con el sistema de captura de Qualisys y el procesamiento de la información por medio de Visual 3D.

Resultados: Se identificaron seis fases en el gesto técnico del revés determinando con mayor dificultad de ejecución las fases 4 y 6. Fue posible analizar las articulaciones de hombro, codo, muñeca, tronco y cuello, identificando posibles lesiones osteomusculares.

Conclusión: El gesto de revés es el movimiento de mayor riesgo de lesión en el tenis adaptado.