bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Feed Deprivation on the Biochemical Responses of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus
Authors: Charan K. S. , T.S. Nagesh, , T.J. Abraham, , Ch Bhanu Prakash , Das Sarita, K.
Published: May 2024

The effects of feed deprivation, including feed restriction and starvation, were investigated on the biochemical responses of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus over a 28-day period. Juvenile P. hypophthalmus were divided into three groups: control (daily feeding), feed limited (fed every third day) and deprived (no feeding). Blood samples were collected weekly. Results showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in total protein and calcium levels in fish subjected to feed restriction and starvation. Although glucose levels decreased, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Cortisol levels in feed-deprived fish showed significant variations (P<0.05) with an erratic trend. Notably, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatinine levels exhibited significant increases (P<0.05). Throughout the starvation period, alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels rose, yet compared to the control, their concentrations did not significantly differ (P>0.05). The study concludes that total protein, LDH, and calcium, among other biochemical markers, were particularly sensitive to hunger-induced stress in P. hypophthalmus. This kind of study already conducted on some freshwater catfishes (Mustafa S., Tripathi G.) and catfiahes.
Molecular Docking and ADMET Study of Phytochemicals as Anticancer Agent towards Alpha 1- Antichymotrypsin Variant DBS-II and Oxidised Quinone Reductase-2
Authors: Patil Pallavi , Shegokar Neha , Raut Pratiksha , Chonde Aditya
Published: May 2024

Objective: The main goals of this study were to do molecular docking and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) tests on vanillic acid, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, and catechin hydrate. The study aimed to determine the receptor affinity of these drugs using molecular docking simulations, with a focus on the potential anticancer impact of targeting the Alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin Variant DBS-II and Oxidised Quinone Reductase-2.
Materials and Methods: Doxorubicin was used as a reference standard for the molecular docking investigations of the compounds, which were performed using Protein Data Bank (PDB) ID: 4ZVM and PDB ID 5OM7. Additionally, we performed ADMET investigations of these drugs using SwissADME and ProTox-II software programmes.
Results: Chlorogenic acid exhibited a higher score than the other three compounds with regard to anticancer activity, with scores of -7.869 Kcal/mole for oxidised quinone reductase-2 in complex and -5.941 Kcal/mole for Alpha1-Antichymotrypsin Variant DBS-II, respectively, after the reference drug. ADMET analysis demonstrated the suitability of these compounds for use in pharmaceutical applications.
Conclusion: Studies show that all four drugs bind to Oxidised Quinone Reductase-2 (OQR-2) and Alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin Variant DBS-II, which could mean that they can fight cancer. In addition, the toxicity evaluation and ADME analysis reveal how suitable these substances are for use in pharmaceuticals.
Muistiinpanoja demokratiaoppitunnista
Authors: Kiilakoski Tomi , Gretschel Anu
Published: May 2024

Nuorisotutkimusseura ry on aktiivisesti seurannut ja tutkinut nuorisopolitiikkaan liittyviä kysymyksiä. Lasten ja nuorten osallisuus, erityisesti siitä näkökulmasta, miten he itse asian kokevat, on ollut yksi pitkäkestoisista tutkimusaiheista. Osallisuutta kuntanäkökulmasta tutkiva Lasten ja nuorten kunta- tutkijaryhmä on julkaissut, kouluttanut sekä osallistunut aihealuetta koskevaan kehittämiseen 2000-luvun puolivälistä eteenpäin.
Julkaisussa Demokratiaoppitunti – lasten ja nuorten kunta 2010-luvun alussa tehdään kokoava arviointi siitä, millainen on lasten ja nuorten osallisuuden tila tämän hetken Suomessa. Kirja on 24 asiantuntijan yhteisteos. Kirja perustuu pääosin lapsilta ja nuorilta itseltään kerättyyn aineistoon. Kirja on poikkitieteellinen. Sen valmistumista rahoitti Lasten, nuorten ja perheiden hyvinvoinnin politiikkaohjelma 2007–2011.
Kirjassa esitellään osallisuuden teoriaa, sen yhteyttä kansalaisuuteen ja hyvinvointiin sekä käsitellään osallisuuden ulottuvuuksia poliittisessa päätöksenteossa, palvelujen saajina sekä kansalaisyhteiskunnassa. Kirjan mukaan osallisuuden edistäminen edellyttää toimia useilla tasoilla sekä lasten ja nuorten monenlaisten tarpeiden, kulttuurien ja toimijuuksien tunnistamista.
Erityisesti kuntanäkökulma osallisuuteen on tärkeä, sillä kunta tuottaa lähipalvelut ja vaikuttaa lapsen ja nuoren lähiympäristön muovautumiseen. Kirjan kokonaisarvion mukaan lasten ja nuorten osallisuuden mahdollisuudet vaihtelevat kuntakohtaisesti. Suomalainen osallisuustyö on nojannut ryhmämuotoiseen toimintaan ja siinä on painottunut päätöksentekoon osallistuminen kansalaistoimintaa enemmän. Kirjan evaluaation mukaan olisi yhtäältä kehitettävä kaikkia ja lapsia nuoria koskevia laajempia mekanismeja sekä niiden vaikuttavuutta, vahvistettava erityisryhmien asemaa sekä tuettava yksilötason ratkaisuja.
Intergenerational Relations in Families with an Immigrant Background
Authors: Peltola Marja
Published: May 2024

Immigration is a huge transition that requires reassessment of several central questions of identity and belonging. On one hand, family can be considered representing continuity in this process, a point of reference through which life in the new society is lived and assessed. On the other hand, family relations come to be under reassessment as well, and have to be rearranged according to new demands.
While a vast amount of research on integration of immigrants exists, it is mostly concentrated on individual immigrants and their integration in separate fields, such as in employment and school. Recently, the growing need for knowledge on issues of family and intergenerational relations of immigrants has been brought up in Finnish research as well.
Poikkeusoloista uuden kynnykselle
Authors: Kivijärvi Antti , Kauppinen Eila , Kiilakoski Tomi
Published: May 2024

Poikkeusoloista uuden kynnykselle esittää tilastollisen yleiskuvan nuorisotyöstä vuosina 2021 ja 2023. Näin voidaan arvioida, miten pandemia vaikutti nuorisotyön tekemiseen ja miten pysyviä muutokset olivat. Teos kommentoi ajankohtaisia teemoja soteuudistuksesta arvioinnin kehittämiseen sekä oletetusta digiloikasta toimintaan nuorten ryhmien kanssa.
Yleiskuvan lisäksi erillisissä artikkeleissa katsetta tarkennetaan osallisuuteen, yhdenvertaisuuteen ja työhyvinvointiin. Kirjassa esitellään myös kansainvälisesti uusi tapa arvioida koulunuorisotyön vaikutuksia. Koulunuorisotyön osoitetaan vähentävän koulukiusaamista silloin, kun sitä tehdään osana moniammatillista yhteisöä.
Kirjan eri osiot avaavat lukijalle tutkimuksellisesti koetellun näkymän kunnallisen nuorisotyön nykytilaan, lähihistorian kehityskulkuihin ja erityisteemoihin. Kirjoittajat ovat kokeneita nuorisotyön tutkijoita ja kehittäjiä.
LARVICIDAL AND ADULT EMERGENCE INHIBITION ACTIVITY OF ABUTILON INDICUM (LINN.) (MALVACEAE) LEAF EXTRACTS AGAINST VECTOR MOSQUITOES (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE)
Authors:   P.G. & Research Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Chennai - 600 034 , Tamil Nadu, India, Arivoli S , Tennyson Samuel ,   P.G. & Research Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Chennai - 600 034 , Tamil Nadu, India
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT The crude leaf extracts of Abutilon indicum were evaluated for larvicidal, pupal deformities and adult emergence inhibition activity against vector mosquitoes viz., Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus. Larvicidal activity was carried out using WHO protocol. Hexane extract with LC50 value of 261.31 ppm after a period of 24 hr was found to be effective against Aedes aegypti larvae. Larval and pupal development was arrested resulting in decreased pupal transformation and adult emergence. Larval and pupal periods were prolonged with appearance of larval–pupal and pupal–adult intermediates, with an overall increase in the developmental period. Hatching was delayed and its rate was reduced compared to control. Disrupted egg shells and dechitinized body walls were observed, indicating clearly the anti-juvenile potential of the extract. The growth index was considerably reduced. These results suggest the leaf extracts of Abutilon indicum as a promising adult emergence inhibitor against vector mosquitoes and might be used in small volume aquatic habitats or breeding sites of limited size in and around human dwellings.
A Declaração Conjunta China-Federação Russa:
Authors: Gonzales Miguez José Domingos
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo discute como a declaração conjunta China-Federação Russa abordou o tema de mudança global do clima. Buscou-se fazer uma descrição sucinta de como o documento foi estruturado em suas quatro partes e temas principais analisados, os parágrafos que descrevem atuação conjunta dos dois países no enfrentamento da mudança global do clima. Para a compreensão do papel da Federação Russa e da China nas negociações internacionais sobre mudança do clima, descreve-se ainda a participação em grupos negociadores no âmbito da Convenção-Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre Mudança do Clima, a participação da Federação Russa e da China no grupo BRICS e a importância destes sob diversos aspectos socioeconômicos no grupo.
The Force of Non-Violence
Authors: Braga Eliziário Ana Luiza
Published: May 2024

Resenha acerca do livro The Force of Non-Violence: An Ethico-Political Bind” (ISBN 9781788732765) de Judith Butler, publicado em Londres pela Verso Books em 04 de fevereiro de 2020.
Teaching Entrepreneurship for Sustainability – a Review of Educational Tools
Authors: Fauske Ida Matilde , Verhulst Elli , Wigger Karin A. , Solvoll Sølvi , Jakobsen Siri
Published: May 2024

Entrepreneurial competences geared towards sustainable actions are necessary for the transition towards sustainability. Higher education institutions are dedicated to training students to acquire these competences, which entails equipping teachers with educational tools that facilitate students’ learning to act for a sustainable future. This paper discusses educational tools for sustainable entrepreneurship, focusing on the competences they intend to train. We map a sample of 51 educational tools used to teach sustainable entrepreneurship in higher education. We then discuss the intended sustainable entrepreneurship competences that each tool seeks to impart and the underlying pedagogical traditions upon which these tools are built. Our mapping reveals that the educational tools in our sample are predominantly adapted from business administration and lack a specific focus on teaching entrepreneurship for sustainability. Additionally, alternative post-growth economic paradigms are notably absent in our sample of tools. Our exploration of each tool in terms of its intended competences and the underlying tradition contributes to the ongoing discourse on sustainable entrepreneurship education as a field that combines entrepreneurship education and education for sustainable development.
Growing Interest in Inter-Religious Study at the State Islamic University Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
Authors: Abdillah Kafil , S. Truna Dody , Huriani Yeni
Published: May 2024

While global interest on Islam is growing in a number of non-Muslim countries, Muslims in Muslim-majority countries show growing enthusiasm in inter-religious studies, that includes subjects like Buddhism, Hinduism, Christianity, Confucianism. The Inter-Religious Study program at the State Islamic University of Bandung (UIN Bandung) shows this phenomenon with the increasing number of undergraduate students of this study program during the last 3 years. This study investigates what factors behind this phenomenon and finds that trending issues such as peace, inter-religious tolerance, moderation, inter-religious community cooperation, are among the topics that draw interest of soul-searching students—in response to the media stereotype of religious radicalism, terrorism.
Recent Advancements of Astaxanthin from an Animal Feed to a Therapeutic Agent in Humans – A Meta-Analysis Overview
Authors: Vinothkumar Renuka
Published: May 2024

Astaxanthin is a well-known antioxidant; however, it is mostly used in aquafeed to enrich the animal flesh color. Its antioxidant properties are undervalued and underutilized in human applications. This antioxidant has many potential benefits in improving the human immune system functions including Alzheimer’s disease, treating aging problems, etc. However, there is minimal scientific evidence to justify these claims. This meta-analysis investigates the available literature in relation to the direct application of astaxanthin in humans for various health benefits. This article mainly focuses on the clinical research conducted directly on human subjects testing various health benefits of astaxanthin over the past ten years. Some research articles published during this period may have been missed unintentionally.
Investigating the Functional, Non-structural, and Structural Safety Status in Selected Hospitals in Ahvaz
Authors: Shirzad Shirin , Nezamodin ZeinabSadat , Zahiri Mansour
Published: May 2024

Background: Hospitals are primary centers providing services during unexpected events and should maintain their operational capabilities during and after disasters. Therefore, continuous evaluation of the safety status of these centers is vital. Objectives: This study investigated the functional, non-structural, and structural safety status in selected hospitals in Ahvaz and determined the most significant safety challenges across three dimensions. Methods: This descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted in three hospitals in Ahvaz. The World Health Organization's (WHO) “Hospital Safety Index” checklist was used to collect data across three dimensions: Functional, non-structural, and structural safety. Descriptive statistics, such as mean percentages and frequency distribution tables, were utilized to investigate the quantitative objectives. Results: The safety level of the studied hospitals was estimated at 30.81% in the functional dimension, 59.17% in the non-structural dimension, and 71.69% in the structural dimension. According to the WHO classification, they were categorized in levels C, B, and A, respectively. The overall safety was 52.48% and was placed in category B. In the functional safety dimension, the highest score was related to hospital 2 at 35.24%, and the lowest score was related to hospital 3 at 24.59%. In the non-structural safety dimension, the highest score was related to hospital 3 at 66.66%, and the lowest was related to hospital 1 at 48.55%. In the structural safety dimension, the highest score was related to hospital 2 at 84.61%, and the lowest was to hospital 1 at 50%. Regarding overall safety, hospital 2 obtained the highest score at 57.61%, and hospital 1 obtained the lowest at 43.90%. Conclusions: The results revealed a moderate safety status in the three investigated hospitals. Although the safety status of these hospitals is not critical regarding disaster preparedness, there is a need for better planning and implementation to improve their safety levels.
Predicting Missed Nursing Care Based on Moral Sensitivity and Care-Related Factors
Authors: Fouladi Elmira , Ali Mohammadi Mohammad , Mozaffari Naser
Published: May 2024

Background: Care is one of the essential metaparadigms of nursing. The personal and professional character of the nurse, along with attention to human, financial, and communication factors, can provide an essential part of standard care. Moral sensitivity, as a part of professional ethics, offers responsible and accurate care. Objectives: This study was conducted with the aim of predicting missed nursing care based on moral sensitivity and care-related factors in 2021. Methods: In this cross-sectional-analytical study, 345 nurses working in medical education centers in Ardabil were selected by stratified random sampling from internal, surgical, special care, emergency, and pediatric departments. Data were collected using the modified Lutzen Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire, Kalish's Missed Nursing Care, and Blackman's Missed Care Related factors. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 19 with descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (ANOVA, regression, and Pearson). Results: The results of the present study showed that nurses had an average level of moral sensitivity (70.75 ± 10.83). The mean and standard deviation of missed nursing care were (33.93 ± 10.35), which was less than the median of the questionnaire. The components of moral sensitivity (0.32) and related factors (0.08) explain missed care. There was a significant relationship between age, work experience, overtime, and second job with missed care (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Identifying influential factors in reducing missed care is crucial in care, education, and management. It can be said that the dimensions of moral sensitivity and related factors such as human, financial, and communication resources are predictors of missed care. Increasing workload and having a second job increase forgetfulness in caregiving. It is suggested to utilize the experiences of nurses with expertise in care, education, and management, in addition to enhancing moral sensitivity, to ensure comprehensive care while reducing overtime and avoiding second jobs.
Laporan Evaluasi Safety Maturity Level
Authors: Hisnaniah Hisnaniah , Panjaitan Arpan , Firdaus Dawud , Tamba Jonter
Published: May 2024

Manajemen Keselamatan Pertambangan yang terintegrasi pada bidang usaha jasa pertambangan, PT Bina Sarana Sukses site PT Antang Gunung Merarus melakukan pengukuran Tingkat Kedewasaan Penerapan SMK3 yang terintegrasi berdasarkan pendekatan budaya K3. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk evaluasi terkait kondisi maturity safety culture untuk memperbaiki praktik keselamatan kerja di lingkungan operasional. Dalam pelaksanaan kajian teknik pertambangan ini dengan kombinasi metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Dimana metode kualitatif untuk pengumpulan data melalui observasi dan wawancara. Sedangkan metode kuantitatif untuk pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner guna mengolah data lalu menetapkan hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan. Pendekatan kajian teknis ini mengunakan analisis statistik dengan pendekatan eksplanatori. Pengambilan assesment dan audit ini dengan cara Simple Random Sampling merupakan bentuk paling sederhana dari pengambilan sampel. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 301 sampel. Kerangka dan rancangan Risk Maturity Model Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) yang digunakan diatas mengacu dari kerangka kerja manajemen risiko berdasarkan ISO 31000:2018, model utama yang digunakan di PT Bina Sarana Sukses site PT Antang Gunung Meratus untuk langkah awal indentifikasi dan persiapan stage satu pada pencapaian International Standard Organization 31000:2018 pada sebagai salah satu tahapan rencana Internal Audit ISO PT Bina Sarana Sukses tahun 2024.
Comparative Performance Analysis of Conventional and Islamic Banks in Nigeria Using Camel Rating Model
Authors: Umar Manir , Sayudin Sayudin
Published: May 2024

This study examines financial performance of Conventional and Islamic banking in Nigeria using CAMEL rating model covering the period of 2012-2022. Secondary sources of data were collected from the bank’s financial statements. The study adopted an ex-post facto research design and purposive sampling technique to select the sampled banks for the study. Two banks Jaiz Bank Plc and Unity Bank Plc (both from Conventional and Islamic banks) were drowned to serve as the study sample.  Descriptive and inferential statistics was used as tool of analysis to show the trends of performance (CAMEL) between the two banks using mean, minimum, maximum and standard deviation and also to check the relationship between the variables. Further, in inferential statistics, t-test was used to compare and test the significant variation between CAMEL components of the banks. The results showed the existence of low and negative trends in the quality of earnings of both banks. It also showed trends of performance between the two banks are significantly affected by all the CAMEL components. Moreover, results from t-tests showed a significant variation of three CAMEL components and the acceptance of alternative hypothesis. The study recommended the management of both bank should put more effort to mitigate the negative return volatility of the banks. Both bank need to have strong liquid-based or near liquid e.g., short-term securities (government bonds). A lot more effort needs to be made to create value-based products.
Lord Bute and Reform: A Failure in Leading the Change Process
Authors: Derby Kevin
Published: May 2024

Aim: This study examined the change process in politics by looking at Lord Bute’s tenure as British prime minister.
Methods: The study draws on primary and secondary sources, including John Kotter’s eight-step change model, to evaluate Bute’s political reform efforts. This qualitative study relied on biographies, political histories, correspondence, speeches, and other sources from the figures involved. 
Results: While he proposed one of the most monumental reform efforts in 18th century British politics, Bute failed to see them through thanks to his lack of experience on the political stage and other factors. Despite the findings of most historians, Bute achieved some important successes during his brief term as prime minister.
Conclusion: By the metrics of Kotter’s model, Bute did not lead the change process successfully. While Bute offered a coherent change vision, relied on some excellent supporters in office and in the media, and achieved some impressive political victories, his lack of experience ensured he fell short of his stated goal of reforming British political culture and government.
Recommendations: With Bute tackling many of the same issues that current leaders face, more study is needed of this important British political leader. A study of Bute’s tenure as prime minister offers insights on balancing military commitments with increased deficit spending and a rising national debt.
Early Origins of the Term širk: About and Equalitarian Conception during the Ǧāhiliyya
Authors: Pavlovitch Pavel
Published: May 2024

The present paper is devoted to the origins of the term širk within ǧāhilī and early Islamic conceptual milieu. We shall constrain the scope of the inquiry within this term’s evolution as a terminological unit depicting the early Islamic view upon certain pre-Islamic concepts of devotion, without proceeding further to its subsequent meanings associated with the advance of Islamic theology and philosophy.
PRIVACY PRESERVATION TECHNIQUES AND VULNERABLE ATTACKS IN DATA MINING
Authors: Vyas Shailesh Kumar , Karmore Swapnili
Published: May 2024

Numerous industries, including marketing, sports, data and network security, signal processing, and medical, can profit from data mining approaches. However, "privacy" has grown to be a significant issue, particularly in applications such entail the collecting and distributing individual data, despite the fact that data mining techniques are utilized in security issues like identifying intrusions.Two sections of this chapter look at the previously suggested PPDM approaches. Methods for gathering, cleaning, integrating, choosing, and transforming the input information that will be used for data mining are covered in the first section, while techniques for processed data are covered in the second. This chapter concludes with assaults against data mining applications' privacy.These factors make the issue of privacy protection in the environment of data mining different from the problem with conventional data privacy protection since data mining can be both an ally and an adversary. This chapter covers methods recommended for processed information (the result of the data mining techniques) as well as methods suggested for the initial information that would be subjected to data mining. Highlights assaults on data mining applications' privacy as well. A review of future safeguarding privacy data mining applications for both individuals and organizations closes the chapter
Soil Pollution and Remediation Approaches
Authors: Mondal Partha Chandra , Ghosh Tridiv , Das Abhishek , Singh Binder
Published: May 2024

oil pollution is one of the major threats to the environment in the modern age. As a result of rapid urbanization and industrialization, the soil is being constantly dumped with various organic and inorganic pollutants such as heavy metals, pesticides and fertilizers, petroleum products, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon etc. Soil pollution results in hampering the soil physicochemical and biological properties and subsequently reducing the agricultural productivity. The pollutants can also be transferred to other environmental compartments such as water bodies and pollute them as well. Soil pollution can also lead to various health hazards to human beings as well as other animals. Polluted soil can be remediated by a variety of physicochemical and biological methods and new technologies have further ramped up the process in the past few decades. This chapter aims to give a brief account of the different types of soil pollution as well as their remediation approaches
Soil Water Dynamics: Balancing Irrigation and Water Conservation
Authors: Jangir Radheshyam , Yadav Manish , Yadav S. L.
Published: May 2024

The chapter gives a thorough review of the complex relationships between irrigation techniques, soil-water interactions, and water conservation in agriculture. It highlights how crucial it is to comprehend these processes in order to achieve sustainable agriculture and ethical water management. The relevance of soil as a natural water storage facility, the function of soil in regulating freshwater supply, and the effects of soil texture and structure on water dynamics are only a few of the topics covered in the chapter. It explores the idea of soil moisture storage and water flow and emphasizes how crucial it is to understand the effects of terrain, climate, and soil properties. The soil moisture phases-such as saturation, field capacity, and permanent wilting pointand how they impact plant availability to water are covered in the chapter. The impact of texture and structure on soil water dynamics is comprehensively investigated, with an emphasis on their functions in water-holding capacity and efficient drainage. Additionally, the abstract discusses irrigation tactics, highlighting the necessity for customized techniques based on soil characteristics, and touches on the function of technology in precise management for water conservation. As crucial elements of sustainable agriculture, the problems brought on by climate change are addressed, as well as the potential of techniques like mulching and cover crops. The relevance of establishing a balance between agricultural productivity and environmental protection through a greater understanding of soil water dynamics is highlighted in the chapter
THIN FILMS: NOVEL ASPECTS OF DRUG DELIVERY
Authors: Ram* Dr. Darshit , Kirtane Dr. Santosh , Chavda Dr. Dhara
Published: May 2024

These days, scientists are concentrating their efforts on creating novel dosage forms for thin films in the pharmaceutical industry. Compared to typical dose forms, thin film has become an uncommon dosage type. Thin film has various benefits, including ease of administration, rapid dose release, and patient convenience, all of which make it an excellent choice for medication delivery. This delivery mechanism has been used via a variety of channels, including transdermal, buccal, ocular and oral for both local and systemic movement. Effective film layout necessitates a thorough understanding of the pharmacological characteristics as well as pharmaceutical characteristics of medications and various polymers in addition to the right choice of production techniques. Thus, the aim of this chapter is to provide an detail in depth overview of the key elements influencing the film film components, including the different physico and chemical characteristics of tablets and polymers, physiological limitations, and the optimal specifications and characterization techniques to get around formulation layout challenges. It also showcases the most recent advancements and outlooks for growing thinfilm products with the assistance of multiple businesses. Generally speaking, thin films are described as flexible, thin layer of polymer, either with or without a plasticizer. They can give the patient the sensation that they are more ideal and less noticeable because of their natural thinness and flexibility
Exploring Helmet and License Platedetection Using Wireless Vehicular Communication
Authors: Bhardwaj Nishant , Gupta Sahil , Bhatia Shivansh , Kumari Shweta
Published: May 2024

This research introduces a pioneering approach to advancing road safety through the implementation of YOLOv8, a state-of-the-art object detection algorithm. Focused on real-time detection of helmets worn by motorcyclists and the recognition of license plates on vehicles, the study leverages the speed and accuracy of YOLOv8 for enhanced traffic management and accident prevention. The literature review underscores the critical role of advanced computer vision algorithms in traffic scenarios. YOLOv8, renowned for its efficiency in real-time applications, is selected as the foundation for this research. The methodology involves the meticulous collection and annotation of a diverse dataset, enabling the training and validation of the YOLOv8 model. Transfer learning optimizes the model's performance, particularly in distinguishing the nuanced features of helmets and license plates. The practical implementation integrates the YOLOv8-based system into a real-time video processing framework, facilitating instantaneous detection of helmets and license plates. Rigorous testing validates the system's accuracy, precision, and overall robustness under diverse conditions. Results and discussions affirm the efficacy of the proposed system, demonstrating its capacity for accurate and real-time identification of helmets and license plates. Key performance metrics, including precision, recall, and F1 score, underscore the system's potential impact on traffic safety. In conclusion, this research establishes YOLOv8 as a transformative tool for enhancing vehicle safety. The paper suggests avenues for future research, emphasizing scalability, real-world deployment considerations, and ongoing model refinement. This study contributes to the collective effort of saving lives and reducing injuries on our roads
Fuzzy machine learning based algorithms for mapping chickpea agricultural crop fields using sentinel-2 satellite data
Authors: Suman Shilpa , Kumar Anil , Rawat Abhishek
Published: May 2024

This study examined the NC and PCM classifiers, which classified and mapped the chickpea agricultural fields in Rajasthan, Nagaur district using two distinct techniques for selecting training samples. Two training parameter approaches are "mean" and "individual sample as mean" which have been tested in this study area. In processing temporal data, two approaches have been attempted to decrease spectral information. One is the Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index 2 (MSAVI2), and the other is Class-Based Sensor Independent Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index-2 (CBSI-MSAVI2).The MMD (Mean Membership Difference) and RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) approaches were employed to measure accuracy, In order to demonstrate that the classifier successfully identifies classes, cluster validity (SSE) was also carried out, and the variance parameter was computed to handle heterogeneity among chickpea crop fields. To obtain RMSE results, Sentinel-2 satellite data was classified, whereas Planet scope satellite data was used as reference data set.NC classifier applying ‘individual sample as mean’ on CBSI-MSAVI2 temporal indices gives the best result. RMSE, MMD, Variance, and SSE values for NC classifier using ‘individual sample as mean’ on CBSI-MSAVI-2 temporal indices were 0.01802, 0.00046, 0.13077, and 5.10003,respectively for the m=1.1.
Land Use/Land Cover Change along the Coastline of La Union, Philippines
Authors: Rivera Paul Cervin , Amik Jan Erick , Escobar Ma. Isabella , Olfato-Parojinog Anne , Sobremonte-Maglipon Pauline Angela , Limbo-Dizon James Eduard , Dagamac Nikki Heherson
Published: May 2024

With the hazards piling up on a global level, especially in the coastal areas, this study aims to employ remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) in assessing the Land Use/ Land Cover Change (LULCC) data of the coastal municipalities of La Union, Philippines. Through spatiotemporal maps along with computer-generated results, landscape changes were observed and assessed qualitatively (LULC) and quantitatively (accuracy assessments, change detection analysis) for analyzing LULCC. The occurrence of landscape fragmentation was observed across the five classes (water, urban, barren, vegetation, and agricultural land), particularly between urban, vegetation, and agricultural land, showing interrelationship with landscape stability and fluctuations across a three-decade period (1990-2021) with an accuracy assessment result of 60%- 94%. Significant changes across the three decades showed a decrease in vegetation, -15.32%, and an increase in the remaining four (water, urban, agricultural land, and barren) with +3.11%, +2.71%, +7.01%, and +2.48%, respectively. The result of the study highlighted the need for developing conservation measures crafted on sustainable land use policies and interventions for coastal resources management and shoreline protection.
Mapping and Prioritizing Flash-Flood Susceptible Watersheds in the Warana Basin, India: A Morphometric Analysis and Total Ranking Approach for Resilience Planning
Authors: Marwade Anurag , Patil Abhijit , Panhalkar Sachin
Published: May 2024

The efficiency of flood management is greatly influenced by the physical characteristics of a river basin. Morphometric Analysis is a prominent method used for quantitatively analyzing a river basin. In this study, 22 parameters were selected, some directly and some inversely related to flash floods, from various aspects such as basic, linear, shape, relief, and hypsometric, for the Warana River basin. We delineated 13 sub-watersheds and employed GIS techniques to directly measure basic parameters from the Digital Elevation Model (DEM), while others were calculated using mathematical formulas. The sub-watersheds of the Warana basin were prioritized using the total rank method. The morphometric analysis revealed that the Warana basin was a sixth-order basin with a total area of approximately 2085 km2, a length of 104.75 km, and a perimeter of 460 km. The mean bifurcation ratio of 1.79 indicates a structurally less-disturbed watershed. However, despite the low structural disturbance, 8 out of the 13 sub-watersheds, accounting for 59.5% of the area, were highly susceptible to flooding, ranging from high to very high susceptibility. The findings of this study can be utilized by relevant authorities to implement appropriate measures for reducing losses caused by flash floods and the development of prevention, protection, and mitigation plans.
Resilience and Cultural Heritage in Urban Development: From Holistic Guidelines to Practical Approaches
Authors: Ziegler Vanessa , Reicher Christa , Greiving Stefan , Neugebauer Carola , Klanten Christoph
Published: May 2024

Water plays a dual role in the context of cultural heritage: it can be of great importance, but it can also threaten the existence of built heritage. This article explores the intricate relationship between water and built heritage, focusing on the risks posed by climate change-induced events such as heavy rainfall, which can lead to flooding and surface water run-off. The research project “Resilience and Built Heritage” focused on how built heritage contributes to urban resilience and emphasizes the imperative of integrated risk management, which requires collaboration between heritage professionals and risk managers. The challenges identified include mutual understanding of the disciplines of heritage protection and risk management and a lack of clarity in defining common objectives. Hence, integrated risk management is proposed as a comprehensive concept, encompassing an all-hazards approach and analytical as well as normative steps of risk evaluation and management. Integrated risk management can help develop consistent, holistic, integrative strategies to sustainably protect our built heritage – and thus strengthen its resilience to risk.
Valuing Rivers
Authors: Orsenna Erik
Published: May 2024

Rivers are often neglected. They are forgotten in international negotiations, even when they are at the heart of geopolitics. Rivers bear the brunt of climate change – droughts, floods, rising sea levels, cyclones, storms and the disappearance of wetlands. They are often little known by populations that live next to them, who don’t understand the services that rivers render to them every day. In general, people are unaware of their responsibility for preserving these common resources of humanity.
The Effect of The Application of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) Principles on Job Satisfaction and Employee Performance
Authors: Nazam Rio Mubaraq , Rojuaniah Rojuaniah
Published: May 2024

Applying the principles of good corporate governance in general is very important in all companies, especially in the banking world. Good corporate governance principles make all stakeholders feel fairness, transparency, independence, accountability, and accountability. This study aims to analyse the effect of applying good corporate governance principles on job satisfaction and employee performance, as well as the effect of job satisfaction on employee performance. Public trust in state-owned banks is higher than in private banks. The researcher chose BNI as the research object because BNI is the only state-owned bank that operates full branches globally and is very good at implementing good corporate governance, as evidenced by obtaining a very trusted predicate based on the Corporate Governance Perception Index (CGPI) score. Specifically, the object of research is permanent employees of BNI Regional Office 15 located in East Jatinegara, Jakarta. This study used a survey by distributing questionnaires to 125 respondents. The research method uses SEM PLS. The results showed that applying good corporate governance principles positively affected job satisfaction and employee performance, but job satisfaction did not influence employee performance. The contribution of this research is expected to provide managerial implications for redesigning positions, promotions, salaries, or rewards for permanent employees to provide job satisfaction to employees.
Archiving scholarly blogs with Rogue Scholar
Authors: Tzovaras Bastian Greshake
Published: May 2024

The pews of the  Internet Archive  back in 2018.  tl;dr: Posts on this blog are now automatically archived, indexed and full-text searchable through  The Rogue Scholar   . The jury might still be out on whether the  small  or  indie  web will make a comeback, but I’ve personally enjoyed posting more on my blog here in recent months.
PENYULUHAN PEMANFAATAN BARANG BEKAS UNTUK PELUANG BISNIS UMKM DI PASURUAN
Authors: Hariani Ermatry , Widyawati Retno Ferbiyastuti
Published: May 2024

Penyuluhan tentang pemanfaatan barang bekas kepada para pelaku UMKM bertujuan untuk memahamkan kepada masayarakat selain untuk mengurangi sampah plastik dan juga bisa menjadi peluang bisnis untuk Masyarakat.  Banyak sekali ditemukan barang bekas yang berupa dari bahan plastik di Pasuruan. Untuk mengurangi penggunaan barang bekas seperti plastik bisa dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode 3R atau Recycle, Reuse dan Reduce. Sampah Plastik di Pasuruan dari hari ke hari semakin menumpuk, hal ini mengurangi pemandangan yang kurang indah untuk dilihat. Tumpukan barang bekas juga mengganggu kenyamanan ditempat tinggal wilayah tersebut. Oleh karena itu, masyrakat perlu mendapatkan penyuluhan pembuatan (recycle dan reusable) untuk menyelesaikan permsalahan tersebut. Pada pengabdian Masyarakat ini melibatkan UMKM agar bisa memanfaatkan barang bekas tersebut menjadi barang yang mempunyai nilai ekonomi serta juga menjadi salah satu solusi untuk menjaga lingkungan
Criterios de calidad y estándares de los informes de investigación cualitativa. Un Scoping review a Heidi Levitt. 2020
Authors: Cueva Quezada Nilton Isaías , Daga Saravia Rudy Alder , Silva Napuri David Moisés , Castro Pérez Ronald Ángel , Magallanes Bautista José Jesús , Alejos Alejos Javier Grimaldo , Gonzales Medina Rosa Karina , Martinez Hurtado Paola Julissa , Capillo Jauregui Geovanna del Carmen , Velazco Pinazo Yony , Mendieta Illaccanqui Rudy Alberto , Ludeña González Gerardo Francisco
Published: May 2024

Los investigadores cualitativos están interesados no solo en contar historias, sino también en desarrollar conocimientos para responder preguntas o resolver problemas, para ello es imprescindible considerar los estándares de calidad en toda investigación. Se tuvo como objetivo conocer los criterios y estándares de calidad y las formas en las que podamos respaldar la integridad metodológica que son exclusivas de estudio y no se enumeran en los estándares (que están destinados a aplicarse en estudios cualitativos), por ende, comprender la lógica detrás de los estándares de informes puede ayudarnos a entender cómo aplicar un estándar dentro de cada investigación, al compás de lo que advierte el APA 7 y los JARS- cuali del texto de Heidi Levitt del año 2020 materia de un scoping review, pues, a partir de los estándares se pueden adaptar mejor los criterios de calidad investigativos.
Attending to Coherence Among Research Questions, Methods, and Claims in Coding Studies
Authors: Czocher Jennifer A. , Melhuish Kathleen
Published: May 2024

We consider a kind of study common in mathematics education research: one that allocates qualitative data to categories in a theoretical or conceptual framework. These studies sometimes lack coherence among research questions, sampling and analysis methods, and claims, which can be attributed to tensions in how these aspects are framed. We ground our discussion in examples from five published studies, focusing on the methodological and reporting decisions that increase coherence: answering research questions from the same perspective they are asked (using a variance or a process lens), using (relative) frequencies properly to warrant claims, employing a coherent sampling strategy, and making appropriate generalizations. We argue that attending to coherence can increase the quality and contribution of coding studies.
How Students Understand Graphical Patterns: Fine-Grained, Intuitive Knowledge Used in Graphical Thinking
Authors: Rodriguez Jon-Marc G. , Jones Steven R.
Published: May 2024

Engaging in the construction and interpretation of graphs is a complex process involving concerted activation of context-specific cognitive resources. As students engage in this process, they apply fine-grained, intuitive ideas to graphical patterns: graphical forms. Using data involving pairs of students constructing and interpreting graphs, we expand on the current knowledge base on graphical forms to contribute an empirically based catalog. We also situate our cognitively oriented work in relation to research that has emphasized (a) misconceptions and (b) social practices. In addition, we draw connections to the research on covariational reasoning. We end with implications regarding how graphical forms contribute to our understanding of students’ graphical reasoning and how instructors can support students.
Do Mortgage Lenders Respond to Flood Risk?
Authors: Blickle Kristian S. , Perry Evan , Santos João A.C.
Published: May 2024

Using unique nationwide property-level mortgage, flood risk, and flood map data, we analyze whether lenders respond to flood risk that is not captured in FEMA flood maps. We find that lenders are less willing to originate mortgages and charge higher rates for lower LTV loans that face “un-mapped” flood risk. This effect is weaker for high income applicants, as well as non-banks and small local banks. However, we find evidence that non-banks and local banks are more likely to securitize/sell mortgages to borrowers prone to flood risk. Taken together, our results are indicative that mortgage lenders are aware of flood risk outside FEMA’s identified flood zones.
Intensity distribution of the partially coherent Gaussian Schell vortex beam diffracted by classical axicon
Authors: Kaid Shukri A. M. , Al-Nadary Hatim  O. , Qusailah Mohammad S. , Alkelly Abdu A.
Published: May 2024

Based on the mathematical framework of the partially coherent Gaussian Schell model vortex (PCGSMV) beam and the Huygens-Fresnel integral, we conducted a study to analyze the intensity distribution and depth of focus (DOF) of the PCGSMV beam as it propagates through a classical axicon. Our numerical results indicate the influence of factors such as the beam width, spatial degree of coherence, topological charge, and axicon base angle on the intensity distribution and DOF. In addition, we investigated the relationship between the beam spot size and propagation distance, as well as the effects of the spatial degree of coherence and propagation distance on the intensity profile. Our findings highlight the importance of the intensity values along the DOF for various applications, including the optical trapping and manipulation of micro-particles.
Unconstitutionality à l’Anglaise
Authors: Majewski Kacper
Published: May 2024

After long and tortuous proceedings in Parliament, the Safety of Rwanda (Asylum and Immigration) Act 2024 finally received Royal Assent on Thursday 25 April. There are so many problems with the Act and they are so fundamental that there has been speculation that the courts might refuse to apply some of the Act’s provisions. In this blogpost, I suggest that aside from the ‘hard-line’ approach of striking down or disapplying the statute in whole or in part, the courts also have a ‘soft-line’ option of declaring its unconstitutionality without denying its status as binding law. I explain how such an intervention might fit into the constitutional tradition of the UK and what may make it attractive in the case at hand.