bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les tendances actuelles de la recherche cacaoyère et les acquis récents dans l'amélioration de la production du cacao
Authors: Liabeuf J.
Published: July 2014

After reminding us of the world importance of cacao and of the part taken by cacao research, the author surveys the main fields of the improvement of cacao cultivation : crop breeding, leading to the creation of inter-variety hybrids ; cacao growing, now in evolution ; protection against pests and processing at the grower's stage, in order to ensure a homogeneous quality for consumers.
Considérations sur les critères de classification botanique et de reconnaissance des arbres chez les Noirs Boni de la Guyane française
Authors: Sastre Claude
Published: July 2014

After providing some information on «Boni blacks» of French Guiana, the main divisions of the vegetable kingdom are set forth according to their classification criteria. Some features of their botanical nomenclature are also presented. Finally, by means of examples, their main diagnostic features for distinguishing forest trees are commented upon.
Cannabis et Datura en Ethiopie
Authors: Lemordant Denis
Published: July 2014

Cannabis and different species of Datura, hallucinogens plants, are present in Ethiopia where they are opposed by some ethno-religious criterions. About of a possible confusion between them on linguistic point of view, the author describes the plants, compares the powders by the microscopical and chemical means that make their identification possible. Then are treated effects and uses all around the world, curiously similar in civilizations without connexions. A paragraph relates to supposed aphrodisiacal properties. Considerations on the linguistic problem in Ethiopia end the paper.
La végétation des entrepôts de Bercy, dynamique historique d'un paysage végétal urbain
Authors: Lizet Bernadette , Jovet Paul
Published: July 2014

Until recently the wine warehouses of Paris were located on the bank of the Seine at Bercy. They are now being destroyed to be replaced by a sports and recreation park. Before the XIXe century fashionable houses and their parks and gardens were located on the site. Between the buildings and cellars of the Bercy warehouses, part of the vegetation had persisted and a number of spontaneous and subspontaneous plants had settled. Bercy then provided an opportunity to study the dynamics of vegetation in an urban environment.
Outils, espèces et techniques de culture. Dynamique des systèmes haïtiens
Authors: Pillot Didier
Published: July 2014

Under certain conditions, population pressure becomes a key factor of change in peasant systems of production. Three examples drawn from Haiti are presented here to illustrate how the shortening of the fallow produces a general decline in soil fertility, a modification of the flore on the land at the end of the fallow and, consequentially to this shift in the ecosystem, changes in farming techniques, plant varieties and agricultural tools. Although production taken globally increases, this is mostly due to a decrease in the productivity of labor consented by the farmer.
Bois de feu chez les Gbaya-kara-'bodoe : essai de méthodologie et d'analyse ethnolinguistique
Authors: Roulon-Doko Paulette
Published: July 2014

Plant species providing firewood have been often overlooked by Ethnographers and Ethnobotanists. In this article, in the case of an Central African society, the folk knowledge and classification of firewood and of the species providing it are studied and the methodology used for such a survey is discussed.
L'habitation rurale traditionnelle : une étude ethno-botanique en territoire Maya
Authors: Villers Ruiz Lourdes
Published: July 2014

The results of this research show, the architecture and engineering of a traditional house in two "Ejidos" of the yucatan-maya area : Ruins of Cobâ and Macario Gomez, located in the northwest region of Quintana Roo State. The different parts of the house structure are described and the plant materials which were used have been identified. Data on the function of these materials as part of the structure are given as well as their names in the maya-yucatecan language. Most of the villagers prefer certain types of wood for building definite pieces. This uses are correlated with the presence of certain types of vegetation and with characteristic cultural patterns. The building of the house is done through and oral and practical tradition. There is no need for plans ; the house is built around a modular idea for the construction of a demountable structure.
Les jardins familiaux au Mexique : leur étude dans une communauté rurale nouvelle située en région tropicale humide
Authors: Gispert Montserrat
Published: July 2014

From the ethnobotanic study we have done with the Balzapote community, i thought it might be interesting to present an account of the results. Our investigation throws new light on the attitude of "pioneer" peasants of this community when its majority faces an unknown vegetal environment.
Le CHIA, graine mucilagineuse mexicaine, fait son apparition en France
Authors: Gillet Hubert
Published: July 2014

In the aggregate of seeds useful to the man, those of Chia get a choice place. Their multivalent qualities are based on both presence of mucilage and oil, and we could think that the systematic study of their pharmacodynamic properties would still justify new applications.
A preliminary discussion of Chinese agricultural treatises in the style of "monthly ordinances" yueling
Authors: Dong Kaichen
Published: July 2014

Cet article présente et analyse un type de traités d'agriculture, les yueling ("préceptes mensuels"). Partant des ouvrages les plus anciens, l'auteur considère successivement l'ensemble de la littérature existant sur ce thème et en montre les prolongements contemporains.
Aperçu historique de l'élevage des poulets
Authors: Wang Yonghou
Published: July 2014

Les premiers ossements de poulets découverts en Chine datent de la fin du néolithique (il y a 5 ou 6 000 ans). Tout au long de l'histoire de la Chine des écrits ont mentionné les techniques d'élevage de poulets, la Chine est un des premiers pays à avoir mis au point l'incubation artificielle. A l'heure actuelle le but est d'améliorer les techniques de l'élevage pour à court terme peut-être dépasser le niveau des pays les plus avancés.
Le litchi, origine, utilisation et développement de sa culture
Authors: Liang Jiamian
Published: July 2014

Lychee was indiginous to South China. It has earned the reputation of "A delicious fruit designated to the Southern Soil." But a rather complete and systematic historical monograph of its culture and utilization is still not yet found. So the present article is just a preliminary trial report with the sole purpose of reviewing some historical facts pertaining to the lychee fruit tree. The present article is based on a rather sound and broad summation of inter-related bibliographies starting with the original naming of the word lychee, then, tracing up to the varietal names, as well as the distribution of the fruit tree at home and abroad, down to the cultivation and its utilization. The contents of the present article include the different stages of historical development of the traditional techniques in lychee propagation, seedling plants, planting, breeding and cultivation, plant protection, fruitharvesting and methods of storage. A brief account of each of the above items is made. Lastly, some sort of bird's eye view summary on-each of the pertinent bibliographies of lychee topics is concisely and comprehensively made for the convenience of further research and reference for the readers on the lychee fruit.
Millet cultivation in China : a historical survey
Authors: Bray Francesca
Published: July 2014

Le millet des oiseaux Setaria italica et le millet Panicum miliaceum étaient traditionnellement les céréales les plus importantes cultivées dans la Chine du Nord et les plus anciens restes ont été identifiés dans des sites néolithiques de quelques 7 000 ans. Cet article examine les origines possibles des millets chinois et continue en décrivant le grand choix de variétés sélectionnées par les paysans chinois durant des millénaires, leurs méthodes de culture et leurs rendements.
Tea classification in theory and practice
Authors: Chen Chuan
Published: July 2014

L'auteur, professeur à l'Institut d'Agriculture de la Province de l'Anhui, à Hefei, propose une révision de la classification des thés (feuilles). Il s'agit d'un projet en discussion et non d'une norme uniformément reconnue en Chine.
Le point sur la nomenclature des haricots, à l'occasion de la parution de la monographie de Maréchal, Mascherpa et Stainier
Authors: Chauvet Michel
Published: July 2014

La taxonomie botanique des haricots est restée longtemps confuse. Plusieurs travaux importants l'ont éclaircie récemment. L'auteur en donne les résultats essentiels et une bibliographie, qui permettront aux non-spécialistes d'employer une nomenclature à jour. Enfin, l'utilisation du taxon cultigroupe est critiquée.
Regulation of MET Kinase Inhibitor Resistance by Copy Number of MET in Gastric Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Funakoshi Yohei , Mukohara Toru , Ekyalongo Roudy Chiminch , Tomioka Hideo , Kataoka Yu , Shimono Yohei , Chayahara Naoko , Toyoda Masanori , Kiyota Naomi , Fujiwara Yutaka , Minami Hironobu
Published: July 2014

We previously established acquired resistant models for MET-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) by continuously exposing the MET-amplified gastric cancer cell line MKN45 to MET-TKIs, PHA665752 (MKN45-PR), or GSK1363089 (MKN45-GR). We found resistant mechanisms caused by increased
copy number of MET in both lines and Y1230H mutation in MKN45-PR. We also found that excessive MET signaling caused by these MET alterations resulted in intra-S-phase arrest in the absence of MET-TKIs, so that cells grew faster in the presence of MET-TKIs, a phenomenon referred
to as “addiction.” In this study, to investigate reversibility of the acquired resistance and “addiction” to MET-TKIs and their causative MET alterations, we sequentially cultured MKN45-PR and MKN45-GR in decreasing concentrations of MET-TKIs until they were
able to grow in a drug-free condition. These “revertant” cell lines (designated MKN45-PR-RE and MKN45-GR-RE) were comparatively analyzed. Growth assay showed that both MKN45-PR-RE and MKN45-GR-RE partially lost the property of “addiction” to MET-TKIs. MKN45-GR-RE lost
the property of resistance to GSK1363089, but MKN45-PR-RE retained resistance to PHA665752. Copy numbers and expression and phosphorylation of MET protein reduced in both MKN45-PR-RE and MKN45-GR-RE compared with MKN45-PR and MKN45-GR, respectively, but Y1230H mutation and biochemical resistance
to PHA665752 remained in MKN45-PR-RE. The “addiction” to MET-TKIs appeared attributable to increased copy number, and the property and the MET alteration were reversible. The Y1230H mutation appeared enough in itself to keep cells resistant to MET-TKIs and was irreversible.
Activation of uPAR Is Required for Cigarette Smoke Extract-Induced Epithelial‐Mesenchymal Transition in Lung Epithelial Cells
Authors: Wang Qin , Wang Hongchao , Zhang Yi , Zhang Yuke , Xiao Wei
Published: July 2014

Cigarette smoke is a major risk factor for lung cancer, which may contribute to lung cancer invasion and metastasis. However, the mechanism remains unclear. Epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical phenotypic alteration of cells that triggers invasion and metastasis.
The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is originally thought to assist the directional invasion of migrating cells, and increasing evidences show that overexpression of uPAR in cancer cells promotes EMT. Therefore, we intend to study the role of uPAR in cigarette smoke extract
(CSE)-induced EMT in lung epithelial cells. In this study, we showed that lung epithelial cells cultured after CSE treatment demonstrated changes consistent with EMT. E-cadherin was decreased, while vimentin, N-cadherin, and α-SMA expression was increased in both A549 and BEAS-2B cells.
Cells acquired a mesenchymal-like morphology and increased cell motility and invasion. In addition, CSE-induced EMT was accompanied by increased expression of uPAR and activation of AKT downstream of uPAR. CSE-induced EMT and activation of AKT were blocked by uPAR gene silencing. Antagonizing
PI3K also inhibits development of CSE-induced EMT. We conclude that CSE can induce EMT, and the activity of uPAR-dependent signal pathway in EMT is recapitulated in lung epithelial cells in vitro.
Epigenetically Modified Pancreatic Carcinoma PANC-1 Cells Can Act as Cancer Vaccine to Enhance Antitumor Immune Response in Mice
Authors: Tao Yifeng , Lin Feng , Li Tao , Xie Junjie , Shen Chuan , Zhu Zhecheng
Published: July 2014

Pancreatic cancer is characterized as a type of gastrointestinal tumor with a poor prognosis and high degree of malignancy. CIITA gene was found highly methylated in pancreatic carcinoma cell line PANC-1 and responsible for the low expression of major histocompatability complex II (MHC-II)
that may lead to immune evasion. Here, we prepared pancreatic cancer vaccine with PANC-1 cells via epigenetic modification to enhance the MHC-II expression. Then the vaccine was injected into C57BL/6J mice and the effect was examined. Our study found that the vaccine could promote the proliferation
of antigen-specific T cells, enhance the killing activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), promote Th1-type cell-mediated secretion of cytokines IFN-γ and IL-2 while inhibiting Th2-type cell-mediated secretion of IL-4, and inhibit the secretion of TGF-β. Generally, the epigenetically
modified vaccine could enhance the body’s antitumor immune response, providing feasibility research on cancer vaccine for therapy of pancreatic cancer.
Influence of International Service-Learning on Nursing Student Self-Efficacy Toward Cultural Competence
Authors: Long Tracey
Published: July 2014

One method of gaining knowledge, skills, and experience with different cultures for nurses and nursing students is through an international immersion program of training in language, culture, and community nursing. This article presents a qualitative and quantitative research study of the influence of a 2-week service-learning medical experience of a nursing student group who traveled abroad to Belize, Central America. [
J Nurs Educ.
2014;53(8):474–478.]
Subsampling Reduces Sorting Effort for Waterfowl Foods in Salt-Marsh Core Samples
Authors: Livolsi Mark C. , Ringelman Kevin M. , Williams Christopher K.
Published: July 2014

Waterfowl researchers often use soil core samples to estimate food availability in foraging habitats, and these estimates are needed for bioenergetic models of carrying capacity. However, core sampling is frequently a time- and resource-intensive process, and some researchers have suggested that subsampling may be a valuable way to reduce processing time. We evaluated whether 10% and 25% by mass subsampling are appropriate techniques for reducing core-sorting effort while maintaining precision for samples taken in six separate habitat types along the Delaware bayshore. We found no significant difference between biomass found in 100% sorted cores and estimated biomass obtained by 10% and 25% subsampling. We found that 10% subsampling offered the greatest time savings, reducing mean sorting times by 77% (from 13.7 hours to 3.3 hours) from 100% sorted cores. We recommend that researchers consider subsampling to reduce core-sorting effort and cost, particularly when processing large numbers of cores.
Demand Curves and Operator Strategies in the Finnish Mobile Broadband Market
Authors: Katsigiannis Michail , Valagiannopoulos Constantinos
Published: July 2014

Finland, among the first to adopt mobile broadband services, faces rapid growth of mobile data traffic. Therefore, Finnish mobile operators continually invest in their radio access networks to handle this growth, which represents an attractive revenue source. This study presents a demand curve estimate for mobile broadband data traffic, which takes into account the impact of technology evolution on network coverage and capacity. Based on the demand curve and the market equilibrium, this study proposes two strategies for mobile operators: i) reducing the marginal cost of traffic, and ii) changing the pricing structure. Assuming that mobile operators are price-takers (perfect competition), the findings of this study indicate that a continuing reduction of marginal cost is imposed by market forces. However, this policy of cost reduction will inevitably reach its limits. Thus, this study proposes a change in pricing structure from flat-rate tariff to usage-based charging.
A Framework to Measure and Estimate Video Quality in SVC Real-Time Adaptive Systems
Authors: Álvarez Alberto , Pozueco Laura , Cabrero Sergio , Pañeda Xabiel G. , García Roberto , Melendi David , Díaz Gabriel
Published: July 2014

Effectively adapting the content to network conditions in real-time is an important matter in best-effort networks like the Internet. Scalable Video Coding (SVC) is an interesting alternative to implement such systems. However, some problems of the performance evaluation of SVC based adaptive systems have not been solved. The authors review the main efforts directed to measure video quality on SVC related systems and discuss the limitations of each one. This paper elaborates a framework to measure video quality metrics in real adaptive SVC based streams. An estimation method for full reference video quality metrics is proposed. This method reduces reference information required and it is able to provide real-time accurate results simply using metadata regarding the video quality of the reference layers. The video quality of several streams that have been generated using a real-time adaptive system is first measured with the elaborated framework and then estimated with the proposed method.
Lone Wolves
Authors: Fisogni Primavera
Published: July 2014

Some recent events raise new questions concerning the evolution of global terrorism, especially the Boston Marathon's bombing (15th April, 2013) and the Woolwich killing (22nd May, 2013). Differently from Al Qaeda traditional strategy of random attacks causing mass murders, these two episodes seem to belong to so called “lone wolves” category. The aim of this paper is to explore whether this definition really fits to the brutal episodes. The author takes a critical look at recent attempts to reduce both the events to the responsibility of loners: The author will argue that the Tsarnaev brothers and the killers of the innocent soldier in Woolwich update not only the global terrorism dynamics, but also the category of enemy, in the social media age.
Creating Loyalty Towards Magazine Websites
Authors: Tarkiainen Anssi , Ellonen Hanna-Kaisa , Ots Mart , Stocchi Lara
Published: July 2014

For years, magazine publishers have been developing their online presence, pursuing a range of different goals and strategies for their websites. One of the key questions in creating online presence is whether to allocate resources on developing the offline print brand and expect brand equity transfer to the online environment or to allocate resources on developing the online brand for new audience. In this paper the authors propose an application of double jeopardy approach for assessing this issue. Finnish secondary data is used to test two competing research hypotheses. The analysis reveals that the magazine publishers who have been able to build market share in online environment seem to have more loyal customer-base in their websites. Market share of printed magazine does not predict loyalty towards magazine websites.
Two Faces of Mobile Shopping
Authors: Lee Thaemin , Park Cheol , Jun Jongkun
Published: July 2014

This study examines the positive and negative effects of mobile shopping. It identifies and tests the antecedents and consequences of self-efficacy and impulse buying that result from mobile shopping. The results reveal that perceived convenience, perceived ease of response, and perceived control significantly affect self-efficacy and impulse buying. In addition, the results demonstrate that significant relationships exist between self-efficacy and satisfaction, and impulse buying and regret. Further, the study identifies significant moderating effects of consumer knowledge on casual relationships that exist between some variables. Based on these results, this paper provides a discussion of the implications of this research and offers suggestions for further research.
An Empirical Study of the Effect of Internet Services on the Preferential Adoption of Mobile Internet
Authors: Nour Mohamed Abdalla
Published: July 2014

The revolution in wireless and cellular communications has led to a remarkable growth in smart mobile cellular devices capable of Internet access and mobile web browsing. This study empirically examined the emerging role of the mobile Internet as an alternative access channel for a growing list of applications and services. Based on a survey of 220 undergraduate students in a major university in the Middle East, we developed and tested a model where the mobile advantage of e-communication, e-transactions, e-entertainment, and e-learning were posited to influence the choice of Internet access channel, mobile or stationary. The results indicated that e-communication, e-transactions, and e-entertainment significantly influenced the choice of Internet channel, whereas access to online learning resources and services did not have such an effect. Moreover, the study did not find any significant effect of gender in this preference, pointing to the declining relevance of the gender digital divide. Some theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.
Is Open Data Enough?
Authors: Misuraca Gianluca , Viscusi Gianluigi
Published: July 2014

The article aims to investigate how key e-Governance dimensions related to openness, such as transparency and accountability, which are a necessary condition for reaching a high maturity of e-Government, may not be sufficient for open government. For this purpose, an interpretative framework to identify country attitudes towards Open Government is proposed and it is applied to two cases drawn from different legal, cultural and organisational backgrounds. Among the key findings of the article, the 'attitudes mapping' resulting from the application of the interpretative framework to the case studies points out the key role of different governance traditions in the path towards open government.
Understanding the Association between IT Governance Maturity and IT Governance Disclosure
Authors: Bünten Stefan , Joshi Anant , De Haes Steven , Van Grembergen Wim
Published: July 2014

IT governance (ITG) provides a toolbox for companies to realize maximum value from IT. Firms implement ITG via frameworks, such as COBIT or VALIT, which list processes to align business and IT strategies, deliver IT services and comply with regulations. While there exists evidence that companies with mature ITG processes outperform their competitors and that signaling ITG maturity to external stakeholders has a positive impact on firm value, little research has focused on the relationship between IT governance maturity and disclosure of related information. This study examines the association of COBIT and VALIT maturity on IT governance disclosure. The authors posit that overall maturity in COBIT and VALIT have a positive impact on IT governance disclosure. Our results indicate that there exists a positive impact for COBIT maturity and most of its domains on disclosure, while the impact of VALIT maturity on disclosure is mostly insignificant.
Critical Infrastructure Management for Telecommunication Networks
Authors: Wang Haibo , Alidaee Bahram , Wang Wei , Ning Wei
Published: July 2014

Telecommunication network infrastructures both stationary and ad hoc, play an important role in maintaining the stability of society worldwide. The protection of these critical infrastructures and their supporting structures become highly challenged due to its complexity. The understanding of interdependency of these infrastructures is the essential step to protect these infrastructures from destruction and attacks. This paper presents a critical infrastructure detection model to discover the interdependency based on the theories from social networks and new telecommunication pathways while this study transforms social theory into computational constructions. The procedure and solution of protecting critical infrastructures are discussed and computational results from the proposed model are presented.
The Cybernetics of Innovation and Knowledge
Authors: Hilton Brian , Farquaharson Maris , Kuk George , Wang Miao
Published: July 2014

This paper begins to introduce the General Systems Theory and ‘Cybernetics' concept. Then, it sets out to integrate these two theories to gain insight into the processes driving the distinct processes of open, user driven innovation and closed producer driven innovation. By using the simplest model of control the modulation of the relationship between a fast expansive dynamic and a slow constraining one, and then by construction, this paper demonstrates that by bundling three such systems together in overlapping bundles of three, one can create a viable self-sustaining more general system with five levels. After that, this paper demonstrates how such system is made manifest in the Silicon Valley Index of innovation. Some arguments have been given, like open innovation is characterized by volumes of venture capital generated and closed innovation by the number of patents produced. This integrated new model is applied to China, in order to create a more innovative society. The end of this paper provides some suggestions to Chinese government policy maker.
Modified Collaborative Filtering Algorithm Based on ItemRank
Authors: Xu Pengyuan , Dang Yanzhong
Published: July 2014

The most crucial component of collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm (CF) is the mechanism of calculating similarities among items or users. In this paper, a new CF algorithm based on ItemRank Similarity (IRS) is proposed, which extracts items' quality characteristics from the similar matrix. The corresponding algorithmic accuracy is measured by the ranking score, precision, recall and F-measure. This algorithm provides remarkably higher accurate predictions than other modified CF algorithm.
Exploring Societal Risk Classification of the Posts of Tianya Club
Authors: Chen Jindong , Tang Xijin
Published: July 2014

To identify the societal risk category of the posts of Tianya Club, several studies are carried out toward the posts of Tianya Club. With 2-month manually risk labeled new posts published during December of 2011 to January of 2012, statistical analysis of posts is conducted at first. Later, similarity analysis of posts from one risk category, different risk categories and published on different days are implemented. Finally, multi-class classification of posts using support vector machine (SVM) with different training set is tested. The statistical analysis and similarity analysis reveals the difficulties in multi-class classification of the posts of Tianya Club. The multi-class predictive results indicate that SVM could be applied to multi-class classification of posts, but still need further exploitation.
Automated Data Extraction from Online Social Network Profiles
Authors: Alim Sophia
Published: July 2014

As the use of online social networking (OSN) sites is increasing, data extraction from OSN profiles is providing researchers with a rich source of data. Data extraction is divided into non-automated and automated approaches. However, researchers face a variety of ethical challenges especially using automated data extraction approaches. In social networking, there has been a lack of research that looks into the unique ethical challenges of using automated data extraction compared to non-automated extraction. This article explores the history of social research ethics and the unique ethical challenges associated with using automated data extraction, as well as how these impact the researcher. The author's review has highlighted that researchers face challenges when designing an experiment involving automated extraction from OSN profiles due to issues such as extraction methods, the speed at which the field of social media is moving and a lack of information on how to deal with ethical challenges.
Profile, Gaming Usage and Purposes of Gaming of Internet Café Users in Manila
Authors: Natanauan Ana Clariza , Bonifacio Jenmart , Manuel Mikael , Bringula Rex , Enriquez John Benedic
Published: July 2014

This descriptive-exploratory study attempted to give the readers a portrait of cyber café gamers in Manila. It determined the profile of gamers, their gaming usage, and their purposes of cyber café gaming. Descriptive statistics revealed that most of the respondents were Manila settlers, students, pursuing or had obtained college degrees, male, young, Roman Catholic, single, belonged to middle-income class, and played games in cyber cafés in the afternoon once to twice a week. One-way chi-square showed that frequency of gaming was not equally distributed in a week and gamers showed tendency to play games in a cyber in a particular time of the day. Real-time strategy games were the most frequently played games in cyber cafés. To recreate, to relieve boredom, and to have fun were the top three reasons in playing games in cyber cafés. Conclusions and directions for future research were also presented.
Efficient Incremental Algorithm for Building Swiftly Concepts Lattices
Authors: Amrane Bakhta , Belalem Ghalem , Branci Sarra , Slimani Yahya
Published: July 2014

Efficient tool and platform for several areas, concept lattice are widely used in many fields of research. Dynamic environment requires an incremental algorithm to build formal concepts. It plays an essential role in the application of concept lattice. This paper presents a fast, efficient, incremental algorithm to compute formal concepts. Algorithmic complexity is studied both theoretically (in the worst case) and experimentally. It presents a complexity of at most (|M|.|G|.|L|) where M is set of attributes, G is set of objects and L is set of concepts of the lattice. Irrespective of the lattice, the algorithm computes incrementally all formal concepts without increasing time complexity. Algorithmic complexity of the most important incremental algorithms is compared theoretically, and an experimental study based on density/ sparseness of underlying formal contexts is performed with Norris' algorithm classified the most one efficient incremental in practice.
Dashboard Services for Pragmatics-Based Interoperability in Cloud and Ubiquitous Manufacturing
Authors: Ferreira Luís , Putnik Goran , Cruz-Cunha Maria Manuela , Putnik Zlata , Castro Hélio , Alves Catia , Shah Vaibhav
Published: July 2014

The real Cloud and Ubiquitous Manufacturing systems require effectiveness and permanent availability of resources, their capacity and scalability. One of the most important problems for applications management over cloud based platforms, which are expected to support efficient scalability and resources coordination following SaaS implementation model, is their interoperability. Even application dashboards need to easily incorporate those new applications, their interoperability still remains a big problem to override. So, the possibility to expand these dashboards with efficiently integrated communicational cloud based services (cloudlets) represents a relevant added value as well as contributes to solving the interoperability problem. Following the architecture for integration of enriched existing cloud services, as instances of manufacturing resources, this paper: a) proposes a cloud based web platform to support dashboard integrating communicational services, and b) describe an experimentation to sustain the theory that the effective and efficient interoperability, especially in dynamic environments, could be achieved only with human intervention.
Users' Interest Assessment on Job Portal
Authors: Sudiana  , Pardamean Bens
Published: July 2014

Job portal is considerably useful for both job seekers and employers. It enables job seekers to look for an employment, to advance their careers, or to market themselves. As for the employers, they can post vacant positions to be filled with suitable employees. A certain job portal received numerous complaints regarding its features that were unable to fulfill the users' needs. These complaints led to the decrease of the number of users. A study was conducted to determine factors that influenced users' interest by referring to the 7C framework. Questionnaires were distributed to numerous job seekers and employers. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression technique. Chi-square analysis was also performed to further analyze which elements of the 7C framework were essential for the users. The results showed that only four out of seven elements from the framework affected the users' choice towards job portal, namely the context, the content, the community, and the commerce.
Stakeholder Identification and Analysis for Service Lifecycle Management
Authors: Rong Wenge , Wu Qinfen , Ouyang Yuanxin , Liu Kecheng , Xiong Zhang
Published: July 2014

The convergence of information technology and diverse business requirements is making the organization information systems more complex. Quickly integrating existing systems and developing new applications to serve the requirement of flexible business environments have become a key factor for organizations to gain a competitive edge. To meet this challenge, the concept of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) has been proposed and widely lauded as an innovative business oriented solution. To better utilize SOA's advantages, several research problems should be attached much importance among which service lifecycle management is a notable one, which is one of the critical mechanisms leading to higher service quality. A large number of service lifecycle models have been proposed in the literature while few of them clearly indicate the integration of the lifecycle processes with stakeholders. In this research, a conceptual stakeholder identification and analysis framework is proposed by which stakeholders are analyzed within different service lifecycle stages. It is believed that this method can offer the researchers in the community further insight into service lifecycle management from the stakeholder's perspective.
A Trust-Aware Search Engine for Complex Service Computing
Authors: Tang Mingdong , Zheng Zibin , Chen Liang , Liu Jianxun , Cao Buqing , You Zhengguang
Published: July 2014

Service computing has become a key-enabling technology to support collaboration and interaction among business partners and customers. With the development of new emerging service-related computing paradigms such as Cloud Computing and Mobile Internet, more and more services are provided by different providers. These services are becoming increasingly complex. Aiming at recommending high-quality and trustful services in the complex service computing environment, this paper presents a trust-aware search engine by integrating service functionalities, QoS (quality of service) and service trust. The proposed search engine primarily contains four components: keyword-based service matching, service QoS evaluation, service reputation evaluation and a hybrid ranking method which combines the results yielded by the previous three components to produce final service recommendations. To evaluate the performance of the authors' service search engine, comprehensive experiments are conducted using a real Web service dataset. The experimental results show that our approach outperforms conventional QoS-based service selection methods. Finally, a prototype is also presented to validate the authors' trust-aware Web service search engine.
Laser Ablation–Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry: An Emerging Technology for Detecting Rare Cells in Tissue Sections
Authors: Managh Amy J. , Hutchinson Robert W. , Riquelme Paloma , Broichhausen Christiane , Wege Anja K. , Ritter Uwe , Ahrens Norbert , Koehl Gudrun E. , Walter Lisa , Florian Christian , Schlitt Hans J. , Reid Helen J. , Geissler Edward K. , Sharp Barry L. , Hutchinson James A.
Published: July 2014

Administering immunoregulatory cells to patients as medicinal agents is a potentially revolutionary approach to the treatment of immunologically mediated diseases. Presently, there are no satisfactory, clinically applicable methods of tracking human cells in patients with adequate spatial resolution and target cell specificity over a sufficient period of time. Laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) represents a potential solution to the problem of detecting very rare cells in tissues. In this article, this exquisitely sensitive technique is applied to the tracking of gold-labeled human regulatory macrophages (Mregs) in immunodeficient mice. Optimal conditions for labeling Mregs with 50-nm gold particles were investigated by exposing Mregs in culture to variable concentrations of label: Mregs incubated with 3.5 × 109 particles/ml for 1 h incorporated an average of 3.39 × 108 Au atoms/cell without loss of cell viability. Analysis of single, gold-labeled Mregs by LA-ICP-MS registered an average of 1.9 × 105 counts/cell. Under these conditions, 100% labeling efficiency was achieved, and label was retained by Mregs for ≥36 h. Gold-labeled Mregs adhered to glass surfaces; after 24 h of culture, it was possible to colabel these cells with human-specific 154Sm-tagged anti–HLA-DR or 174Yb-tagged anti-CD45 mAbs. Following injection into immunodeficient mice, signals from gold-labeled human Mregs could be detected in mouse lung, liver, and spleen for at least 7 d by solution-based inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and LA-ICP-MS. These promising results indicate that LA-ICP-MS tissue imaging has great potential as an analytical technique in immunology.
Magmatic significance of the relationships between the mafic and felsic phases of the Folly Lake plution, Cobequid Highlands, Nova Scotia
Authors: Pe-Piper G , Zeeman M , Piper D J W
Published: July 2014

The principally gabbroic Folly Lake pluton includes minor granite phases. Some predate the main gabbro intrusion, others cut the gabbro pluton. Granite-gabbro contacts are commonly lobate, with chilling of gabbro towards dykes of granite, suggesting the presence
of two immiscible magmas. This interpretation is supported by evidence for a gradual change in amphibole and biotite mineral chemistry across lobate contacts. Syn-magmatic deformation features suggest that there was relative movement between gabbro blocks during granite intrusion. All the granite
phases are of similar geochemical composition, suggesting multiple magma batches from a single source.
The Hart Lake-Byers Lake-Folly Lake pluton, Cobequid Highlands, Nova Scotia: deformation history inferred from mafic enclaves
Authors: Koukouvelas I , Pe-Piper G
Published: July 2014

The Hart Lake-Byers Lake granite and Folly Lake gabbro make up a composite pluton emplaced along the Rockland Brook fault in latest Devonian time. Mafic enclaves are common in granite veins cutting gabbro near the contact of the major granite and gabbro bodies.
Three types of enclaves are distinguished: (I) þchocolate-barþ enclaves with angular margins resulting from extensional disruption; (II)ellipsoidal enclaves forming from type I by shear deformation in granitic dykes; and (III) large plastically deformed stoped rafts of gabbro. Deformation of
ellipsoidal enclaves decreases northward from the Rockland Brook fault.
A seismic reflection study of the Fountain Lake Group in the Scotsburn anticline area, northern Nova Scotia
Authors: Durling P
Published: July 2014

Petroleum industry seismic reflection profiles were interpreted, in conjunction with published geological maps and the Irving-Chevron No. 2 well, to study the structure, stratigraphy, and distribution of the Fountain Lake Group in the Scotsburn anticline area.
Two seismic facies were recognized: 1) a low amplitude and 2) a high amplitude seismic facies. They correlate with red sandstone and siltstone, and interbedded sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the Fountain Lake Group, respectively. Several south- dipping faults were mapped that affect the Fountain
Lake Group. Most of these show apparent, reverse, dip separation on the seismic profiles.

The top of the high amplitude facies was mapped through the Scotsburn anticline area, and a two-way time map was made. The reflections extend for 55 km in an east-west direction and up to 17 km north to south. Published surface maps show that Precambrian and lower Paleozoic rocks overlie the
Fountain Lake Group reflections, demonstrating overthrust relationships.
Geology and geochemistry of Tetagouche Group volcanic and sedimentary rocks and related debris flows north of the Brunswick No. 12 massive-sulphide deposit, Bathurst, New Brunswick
Authors: Lentz D R
Published: July 2014

The geology north of the Brunswick No. 12 deposit is complicated by the occurrence of sedimentary breccias within the Tetagouche Group. The geology and structure were unravelled using the location of a stratigraphic marker (Brunswick (exhalite) Horizon) and
lithotype characteristics. For the most part, the breccia fragments are matrix supported within crystal tuff and fine grained sediment. The fragments are generally composed of aphyric rhyolite, although mafic, slate, and pyritic fragments are not uncommon. Although crystal tuff occurs in the matrix,
its absence as fragments in the breccia suggests that it was unconsolidated during breccia formation. This, together with the angularity and locally heterolithic composition of the fragments, as well as the depositional relationships observed, suggests a submarine debris flow origin for these
breccias. Slumping of stratigraphy in the east and subsequent deposition westward into deeper parts of the back-arc basin are also present.
Unique wide-angle seismic survey samples the lithosphere beneath the Maritime Appalachians
Authors: Dehler S A , Forsyth D A , Marillier F , Asudeh I , Reid I , Jackson H R
Published: July 2014

The detonation of a 10 000 lb charge offshore Nova Scotia in November 1994 as part of the Canadian Patrol Frigate shock trials provided a rare opportunity to record wide-angle seismic data across the tectonic terranes beneath the Maritime provinces. Co-ordination
between the Ottawa and Atlantic divisions of the GSC and the Canadian Navy resulted in the rapid planning of a 600 km-long seismic array across Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and the Gaspésie, Quebec. Provincial departments of natural resources, universities, and GSC volunteers assisted in the
deployment of 201 portable seismographs. The shot, located 300 km southeast of Halifax, was successfully recorded and the resulting record section shows clear seismic arrivals from the coast of Nova Scotia to the maximum shot-receiver offset of 900 km near Rimouski. Regional Canadian National
Seismograph Network seismographs also recorded the shot. Preliminary raytrace modelling indicates a layered upper mantle structure beneath the Appalachian orogen.
National Gravity Program of the Geodetic Survey of Canada, 1995-1996
Authors: Gibb R A , Hearty D B
Published: July 2014

The National Gravity Program (NGP) was transferred on July 12, 1995 (with an effective date of April 1, 1995) from the Geological Survey of Canada to Geomatics Canada. During the year seven gravity surveys were completed under the National Gravity Program; two
were reconnaissance surveys, one located in parts of Ellesmere and Axel Heiberg islands and in Nares Strait and the other in Victoria Strait; five were detailed surveys of geological targets including the Oak Ridges Moraine, Ontario; the Bathurst mining camp, New Brunswick; the Cumberland Basin,
Nova Scotia; a transect of the Trans-Hudson Orogen in Manitoba/Saskatchewan; and an on-ice survey of the southeastern part of Great Slave Lake, Northwest Territories. A total of 5427 new gravity stations was collected during these surveys. These new data will be added to the National Gravity
Database. The NGP participated in international comparisons of absolute gravimeters at the Canadian Absolute Gravity Site (CAGS) in January, 1995 and at Boulder, Colorado in July, 1995.
Modelling of metal concentrations in rift-related basaltic magmas: the Melt Generation Project
Authors: Williamson M -C
Published: July 2014

Previous studies of the rifted margin offshore eastern Canada showed that the volume and rare-earth element concentrations of mantle-derived basaltic melts are sensitive to the physical and thermal state of the lithosphere at the time of rifting. The objectives
of the Melt Generation Project (MGP) are: (1)to expand the current model to include metals of economic interest, and (2) test the model predictions with data from onshore rifts that also constitute mineral exploration targets. The rationale for creating the project stems from a need to improve the
sensitivity of the geochemical model for mantle temperatures and lithospheric stretching factors typical of anomalously hot rift systems. As well as providing a scientific and business link with the mineral sector, the Melt Generation Project will increase our presently limited understanding of the
large-scale mantle processes that can lead to the genesis of Ni-Cu sulphide deposits in rift zones.
Petrophysical testing of limestone samples from former Yugoslavia
Authors: Katsube T J , LeCheminant G M , Percival J B , Scromeda N , Walker D , Das Y
Published: July 2014

A comprehensive data set consisting of petrophysical, mineralogical, chemical, and scanning electron microscope analysis were obtained for three limestone samples from former Yugoslavia, representing different textures (tight to porous). These analyses were for a
study carried out in support of land-mine detection activities by military engineers of the Canadian Peacekeeping forces.

Results indicate that a strikingly good relationship exists between pore-size distribution and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis for two samples, with both analysis supporting extremely small pores (6-25 nm) for the tight and low porosity (2-3%) limestone, and large pores (1-60
micro-m) for the higher porosity (13-15%) sample. The third sample shows a discrepancy between the porosities determined by water immersion (23%) and mercury porosimetry (13%). The pore-size distribution, SEM images, and visual examination suggest that this is due to large vugular pores
(2-4 mm) interconnected by extremely small pores (6-25 nm), resulting in incomplete saturation by mercury under conventional measuring conditions.