bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Single Parent Effect on Children's Well-Being and Educational Attainment (Evidence from Indonesia)
Authors: Nugroho Wisnu Setiadi , Afifah Evi Noor , Perdana Andika Ridha Ayu
Published: January 2023

Human capital investment such as access to education and better nutrition has been considered as one of the way for poor households to avoid intergenerational poverty. Better education and nutrition for children will improve productivity in the future. Some programs related to poverty reduction has launched by the Government of Indonesia to guarantee children from poor families to easily access education and receive better nutrition and health care. However, there is no program targeting single mother household. This paper presents the effect of single mother on children well-being and education attainment. We use data from Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) and take specific variables such as parent marital status, per capita expenditure, access to health and education facilities, and children test scores. Byusing Structural Equation Model (SEM) and comparing the effects of divorced single-mother families and widowed single-mother families on boys and girls well-being, we find that divorce and larger household size appear to increase household poverty. In the second part of the equation, higher poverty proving to be decreasing the children's educational attainment.
JEL classification: D19, I00, J12
Mathematical Model Combined with Microdosimetric Kinetic Model for Tumor Volume Calculation in Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy
Authors: Nakano Hisashi , Shiinoki Takehiro , Tanabe Satoshi , Utsunomiya Satoru , Takizawa Takeshi , Kaidu Motoki , Nishio Teiji , Ishikawa Hiroyuki
Published: January 2023

Purpose: We proposed a new mathematical model that combines an ordinary differential equation (ODE) and microdosimetric kinetic model (MKM) to predict the tumor-cell lethal effect of Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) applied to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods: The tumor growth volume was calculated by the ODE in the multi-component mathematical model (MCM) for the cell lines NSCLC A549 and NCI-H460 (H460). The prescription doses 48 Gy/4 fr and 54 Gy/3 fr were used in the SBRT, and the effect of the SBRT on tumor cells was evaluated by the MKM. We also evaluated the effects of (i) linear quadratic model (LQM) and the MKM, (ii) varying the ratio of active and quiescent tumors for the total tumor volume, and (iii) the length of the dose-delivery time per fractionated dose (tinter) on the initial tumor volume. We used the ratio of the tumor volume at 1 day after the end of irradiation to the tumor volume before irradiation to define the radiation effectiveness value (REV).
Results: The combination MKM compared to the MCM and LQM resulted in a significant decrease in REVs at 48 Gy/4 fr. The ratio of active tumors and the prolonging of tinter affected the decrease in the REV for A549 and H460 cells.
Conclusions: We evaluated the tumor volume considering a large fractionated dose and the dose-delivery time by combining the MKM with a mathematical model of tumor growth using an ODE in lung SBRT for NSCLC A549 and H460 cells.
Interfamily Graft Hybrids Vitis vinifera / Schisandra chinensis resulted in changes among phenotype, genetic information and metabolite
Authors: Zhang Shulin , Feng Luying , jia Wenqing , Zhao Han , Zhu Gao-Pu , Li Fang-Dong , Zhao Junhui , Dai Song-feng
Published: January 2023

Background: Grafting is an efficient method in producing the grafted hybrids of fruit tree.For the formation mechanism of the grafted hybrids, long-distance transfer of genetic material and metabolites between rootstock and scions is well documented in homo-grafted hybrid, but it has rarely been reported in distant-grafted cases in which the rootstock and scion belong to different families.
Results: In current study, we grafted common grape vine, Vitis vinifera (Vv)scions onto Schisandra chinensis (Sc) stocks, and obtained 20 grafted hybrids, Vitis vinifera / Schisandra chinensis (Vs), that grew normally for 25 years, and showed the variation in phenotypic traits, including leaf, internode, and fruit with a tendency toward rootstock-like traits. We further analysed the genetic material and metabolites between Vv plants and Vs hybrids using high-throughput sequencing, and found that a total of 2113 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in Vs hybrids. which mainly involved in the oxidation-reduction process, and the metabolic process. Meanwhile seventy-nine differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) containing 27 known miRNAs and 52 novel miRNAs were identified in Vs hybrids, and the degradation further detected 840 target genes corresponding to 252 miRNAs, of which 12 DEMs and the corresponding target gene expression levels were mostly negatively correlated. Furthermore, 1188 differential metabolic compounds were also identified in Vs hybrids. In particular, the abundance of metabolites schizandrin and gomisin that were the main medicinal ingredients in S. chinensis, were down-regulated and up-regulated in Vs hybrids, respectively.
Conclusion: The results of this study provide first insights into the effects of interfamily grafts on the transcript profile and metabolites of the scion, and contribute to explore new mechanisms of interfamily grafts for fruit tree in the future.
Left Atrial Functions in the Early Period after Cryoballoon Ablation for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: SOYSAL Ali Ugur , OZTURK Sila , ONDER Sukriye Ebru , ATICI Adem , TOKDIL Hasan , RAIMOGLU Utku , GULFIDAN Asli , YALMAN Hakan , DURMAZ Eser , IKITIMUR Baris , YALIN Kivanc
Published: January 2023

Purpose: In patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF), functional changes are observed in the left atrium (LA) after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) procedure. Although previous studies have investigated the altered mechanical functions of the LA with radiofrequency (RF) ablation, changes in the LA functions in the early period after cryoablation (CB-2) have not been clearly demonstrated. This study aims to explore the early periodical changes in mechanical functions of the LA in patients with PAF who underwent CB-2 based ablation through the help of echocardiographic methods which contain Doppler and strain parameters.
Methods: Consecutive seventy-seven patients (mean age: 57.5±11.2; 57% men) with PAF underwent CB-2 were prospectively analyzed. All patients were in sinus rhythm before and after the procedure. The LA dimensions, the LA reservoir strain, the LA atrial contractile strain and the LA conduit strain and left ventricular diastolic function parameters were evaluated by Doppler echocardiography before and 3 months after the procedure.
Results: Acute procedural success was achieved in all cases. No major complications were observed. LA reservoir strain and LA contractile strain showed significant recovery after the procedure. (28.3±12.8 vs 34.6±13.8, p<0.001 and -10.8±7.9 vs -13.9±9.3,p=0.014 respectively). No significant change was demonstrated in other echocardiographic parameters.
Conclusion: Significant improvement in mechanical functions may occur even in the early period after cryoballoon ablation in patients with PAF.
KIF14 acts as a prognostic biomarker correlates with LCP2/ ITGAMN/ immune cell infiltration in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: YU Lei , WU Ke-Han , CHEN Hui , Liu Dong Xu , ZANG Xi-Yan , LI Chun-Ming , GAO Li
Published: January 2023

Background: Kinesin family member 14 (KIF14) as an oncogene in many cancers. However, the clinical role and mechanism of KIF14 in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) is still largely unclear.
Methods: Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases was used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between OSCC and non-cancer tissues. KEGG pathway, Gene Ontology, and Reactome pathway analyses were performed on the DEGs. Hub genes were identified via protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. ssGSEA was employed to recognize tumor-infiltrating immune cells. The biological function of KIF14in OSCC was tested by CCK-8, Flow cytometry as well as western blotting.
Results: In this study, 7239 common DEGs were obtained from six datasets, with ten hub genes identified among the DEGs. Validation analyses revealed that KIF14 is a critical agent in the progress of OSCC. Knockdown KIF14 inhibits OSCC cells growth and induces apoptosis. And also, up-regulates cleaved-caspase-3 as well as Bax level and decreases Bcl-2 expression in OSCC cells. Gamma delta T cell and Monocyte were significantly correlated with overall survival for APOPA4 by ssGSEA assay. While, LCP2, and ITGAMN were up-regulated in OSCC with good prognostic efficacy and survival rate as well as positive correlate with APOA4 in OSCC. Meanwhile, knockdown KIF14 can suppress the expression of LCP2, and ITGAMN in OSCC cells. The ROC curve analysis was confirming the good survival status for LCP2, and ITGAMN with APOA4 in OSCC.
Conclusions: Therapeutic strategies or biomarker using KIF14 could contribute to better clinical management/research for patients with OSCC.
Information Search Algorithm Based on Markov Model in the Mobile Social Network
Authors: lily zheng
Published: January 2023

In the era of big data, how to find the source of information diffusion from massive social media and predict the future trend of information diffusion has become a hot issue that people are very concerned about, which presents new challenges for the application of data mining in hot issues. The most influential information mining methods can be divided into static and dynamic. The static method is only specific to a point in time, and has its one-sided views. There are four kinds of dynamic methods commonly used, all of which have their limitations. The independent cascading model and the linear threshold model are the most widely used, both of which require the activation process to be placed in a discrete cycle and are discontinuous. This paper independently studies a model based on continuous time Markov process to simulate the information diffusion in the real world, and predicts the information diffusion ability of each node in the future according to the information diffusion situation, so as to achieve the purpose of judging the future trend.
Effekte eines Augmented Reality Escape Games auf das Lernen über Fake News
Authors: Buchner Josef
Published: January 2023

Die Verbreitung von Fake News im Internet und in sozialen Netzwerken schadet zunehmend dem gesellschaftlichen Zusammenleben, etwa indem das Vertrauen in demokratische Strukturen und Institutionen untergraben wird. Das Erkennen von Fake News ist schwierig, da Onlineinformationen mehr vertraut wird als klassischen Medien und Fake News emotionalisierend und vertrauenswürdig gestaltet werden. Um diesem Problem zu begegnen, braucht es authentische und innovative Bildungsangebote, die sowohl Wissen über Merkmale von Fake News vermitteln als auch eine kritischere Einstellung gegenüber Onlineinformationen fördern. In der bisherigen Forschung haben sich (digitale) Spiele hierfür als vielversprechend herausgestellt. In dieser Studie wird untersucht, ob auch ein Augmented-Reality-basiertes Escape Game Lernziele adressieren kann, die für den Unterricht über Fake News relevant sind. Um diese Frage zu beantworten, wurde ein Vortest-Nachtest Design mit 27 Schüler:innen durchgeführt. Wie die Ergebnisse zeigen, kann das untersuchte Spiel «Escape Fake» Wissen über Fake News vermitteln, die Fähigkeit fördern, die Zuverlässigkeit von Informationen zu erkennen, zu einer kritischeren Haltung gegenüber der Vertrauenswürdigkeit von Onlineinformationen beitragen sowie die Zuversicht stärken, auch in Zukunft Fake News zu erkennen. Auf der Basis der Ergebnisse dieser ersten Pilotstudie kann das Spiel als Bildungsressource für den Einsatz im Fake News-Unterricht empfohlen werden. Weitere Forschung ist jedoch notwendig, um die Effekte zu erklären und die Effektivität zu erhöhen.
VALIDATION OF AN ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF FATTY ACIDS IN SHEEP BLOOD SERUM SAMPLES
Authors: Bazzana Matheus , Garcia Juliana , Vilela Gabriela , Borges Cleber , Faria Letícia , Alves Nadja , Saczk Adelir
Published: January 2023

Low-density dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with a subsequent esterification step was proposed in this study for the determination of linoleic acid and stearic acid in sheep blood serum samples. The method developed aimed to quickly and efficiently extract and esterify both fatty acids with subsequent analysis by gas chromatography/flame ionization detection. The extraction method was optimized with Scheffé’s polynomial model for three-component mixtures. The method was validated according to the parameters established by Eurachem Guide (2014). The optimal extraction conditions for LD-DLLME were 1400 µL of dispersion medium (MgCl2 0.017%), 400 µL of extractor solvent (toluene) and 1200 µL of dispersion solvent (methanol). The method performance showed adequate selectivity, sensitivity and precision to be applied to real samples, with an average recovery of 98.54% for linoleic acid and 103.83% for stearic acid. LD-DLLME was superior to the traditional method of analysis, which has been used until now for the determination of fatty acids in blood serum samples from ruminants. The analysis of real samples showed that the developed method is efficient for monitoring these substances in ruminants.
Desconstrução dos ideários capitalistas de desenvolvimento e modernização na América Latina: a perspectiva crítica decolonial
Authors: Santos Lenoir Luciana , Alves Ferrieira Maria da Luz , Dalpiaz Reschke Maria Janine
Published: January 2023

O artigo descreve a conjuntura sociopolítica e econômica em que reproduziram-se concepções de desenvolvimento, subdesenvolvimento e modernização na América Latina. São expostas características alusivas às relações de poder e de trabalho, pertinentes a um modelo de produção sustentado pelo Estado que concentrou suas ações para impulsionar o ideal de modernização, com dimensão econômica. Por meio da epistemologia decolonial, evidenciou-se como padrões civilizatórios eurocêntricos conduziram a hierarquização social, as escalas de desenvolvimento desigual e as relações de dependência econômica. Com fundamentos da decolonialidade e do sistema-mundo, direcionam-se críticas à ideologia hegemônica do desenvolvimentismo e à imposição cultural do saber ocidental. Para tanto, recorreu-se a uma análise de caráter qualitativo, bibliográfica, de natureza exploratória, com método dedutivo e embasada em uma perspectiva histórica-crítica.
Teorias Pós-Colonialistas e Currículo
Authors: Ferreira Michele Guerreiro , Da Silva Janssen Felipe
Published: January 2023

O presente trabalho apresenta uma revisão teórica acerca dos principais conceitos mobilizados pelas teorias pós-colonialistas, mais especificamente pelo coletivo Modernidade/Colonialidade, no intuito de compreender as causas e consequências dos discursos produzidos pelos currículos colonizados/colonizadores ou de uma Educação Bancária, em contraposição à necessidade de construção de uma Educação Libertadora por meio de Pedagogias Decoloniais. A análise aqui proposta se localiza no interior da Colonialidade, ou seja, na exterioridade do discurso moderno, no intuito de subsidiar praxis curriculares antirracistas e decoloniais.
Um estudo de painel sobre a palatalização de /t/ e /d/: o papel das variáveis linguísticas
Authors: Amorim André , Cruz do Nascimento Ingrid , De Lima Henrique Pedro Felipe , Da Hora Dermeval
Published: January 2023

A palatalização das oclusivas dentais/alveolares no Português Brasileiro (doravante PB) é bastante recorrente, mas não em todas as regiões do país. A forma africada, uma tendência natural das línguas, nem sempre é a forma mais utilizada, convivendo com exemplos do tipo "[t]ia" vs. "[t?]ia" e "[d]ia" vs. "[d?]ia".  O objetivo desse artigo é discutir, a partir de um estudo em painel nos moldes labovianos, resultados que foram obtidos na comunidade de fala de João Pessoa, revisitando quatro informantes que fizeram parte do corpus original do Projeto Variação Linguística no Estado da Paraíba (VALPB). A fala desses participantes foi comparada a partir de gravações feitas pelo VALPB em 1993 e 2015. Foram consideradas as seguintes variáveis linguísticas: vozeamento da oclusiva, contexto fonológico precedente, tonicidade e categoria gramatical. Os resultados mostram que, na amostra de 2015, as seguintes variantes induziram de maneira significativa a palatalização: "[?]", na variável contexto precedente, “desvozeado”, na variável vozeamento, e "postônica", na variável tonicidade. A variável categoria gramatical, por outro lado, não foi estatisticamente significativa para a indução da palatalização na amostra de 2015.
Epidemiological and Clinical Profile of Newly Diagnosed HIV/AIDS
Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of Changing Trends Over 16 Years
Authors: Zerdali Esra , Nakir Inci Yilmaz , Sayili Uğurcan , Sürme Serkan , Yildırım Mustafa
Published: January 2023

Objective:

To evaluate the epidemiological profile and clinical findings of newly diagnosed
HIV-infected patients in terms of changing trends over 16 years.

Methods:

A total of 748 patients (mean ± SD age: 34 ± 11.6 years, 88.9% were males) newly diagnosed
with HIV/AIDS at a tertiary care hospital located in Istanbul province between 2002 and 2017
were included in this retrospective study. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, potential routes
of transmission, the reason for HIV testing, time from diagnosis to treatment onset, and the HIV RNA
values and CD4+ T cell count (at diagnosis and treatment onset) were recorded in each patient and
compared between the diagnoses made within the 2002-2009 (n = 141) vs. 2010-2017 (n = 607) periods.

Results:

When compared to HIV diagnoses within the 2002-2009 period, the diagnoses made within
the 2010-2017 period were associated with a significantly higher percentage of males (78.7 vs. 91.3%,
p < 0.001), 18-29 years age group (23.6% vs. 35.5%, p = 0.029), singles (34.0 vs. 49.6%, p = 0.004),
university graduates (9.9 vs. 23.4%, p < 0.001) and students (0.7 vs. 8.2%, p < 0.001) along with an
increased likelihood of voluntary testing (6.4 vs. 15.2%, p = 0.048) and a lower percentage of heterosexual
individuals (63.8 vs. 47.0%, p < 0.001). Sexual contact (88.0%) was the leading transmission
route, and the presence of complaints (44.3%) was the leading reason for HIV testing. Overall, the
time from diagnosis to treatment onset was a median 1 month (range, 1 to 97 months), and the median
HIV RNA level at the time of diagnosis was 208065 copies/mL with no significant difference between
study periods. The diagnoses within the 2010-2017 vs. 2002-2009 period were associated with
significantly higher median(min-max) CD4+ T cell counts (378(0-2522) vs. 319(4-1270) cells/mm3, p
< 0.001) and a lower percentage of patients with CD4+ T cell count < 200 cells/mm3 (22.1 vs. 39.0%,
p = 0.002) at the time of diagnosis.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, our findings on the epidemiological profile and clinical characteristics of
newly diagnosed HIV patients over 16 years (2002-2017) in a tertiary care center in Turkey revealed
a considerable increase in the number of new diagnoses, an improved earlier diagnosis and a change
in epidemiologic profile over the years with increased likelihood of disease to be more commonly
diagnosed among males, 18-29 years age group and MSM.
Understanding and quality of minimum competency assessment (AKM) questions made by Integrated Science teachers in junior high schools
Authors: Ernawati Ernawati , Manik Fatkul Yudhistira , Trisnawati Ratna Dwi , Emiliana Emiliana , Yuliawati Sri
Published: January 2023

The main problem with implementing the minimum competency assessment (Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum or AKM) is the teacher's lack of understanding of AKM. The assessment questions made by the teacher are still limited to testing memory. The level of variation and difficulty of the questions presented is also still low (LOTS), contrary to the government's expectation to improve the quality of learning outcomes which are oriented toward students' higher-order thinking stages (HOTS). This research employed a mixed method. An overview of the teacher's understanding was obtained through questionnaires and interviews, while the description of the quality of the AKM of Integrated Science items made by the teacher was analyzed using the item quality rubric based on Bloom's taxonomy. The data source was obtained from 25 Integrated Science teachers for class VIII of junior high school in Bekasi City. The data were collected through three stages. The first stage employed the Google Form survey to see the demographic map of informants and teachers' initial understanding of AKM. In the second stage, five informants were selected from the results of the survey, representing the data source's characteristics. Then, in the third stage, literature analysis was done to develop rubric criteria for assessing the quality of AKM items. This rubric was used by the research team to assess the quality of AKM items made by an Integrated Science teacher at a junior high school in Bekasi City. Questions that meet the criteria for good questions were collected and entered into the AKM question bank.
The impact of diabetes mellitus on outcomes of adult tuberculosis patients: а сross-sectional study
Authors: Xhardo Elona , Hysenbelli Bledar , Telo Sofiela , Cikopana Ergin
Published: January 2023

Background. Both diabetes mellitus (DM) and tuberculosis (TB) are major public health problems and among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The TB-DM coexistence is known to complicate TB care, control and prevention. Globally, 10.4 million TB cases exists, of them 10% are linked to DM. People with DM are at four to five times higher risk of getting infected with tuberculosis and evidence show poor TB treatment outcomes. This study purposed to evaluate the impact of diabetes mellitus on treatment outcomes in patients with active tuberculosis. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary health care center in Tirana, Albania. We analyzed the medical records of 140 patients hospitalized during in 2018–2019 with a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Study subjects were adult tuberculosis patients hospitalized in our hospital and undergoing antituberculosis treatment. Data from study subjects were obtained by interview method using semistructured questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic and clinical parameters. To determine DM risk factors, one variable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was done with 95% confidence interval and p-value< 0.05 considered significant. Results. Out of 140 patients, the prevalence of DM was found to be 9.3% (n= 13) with average glucose values X= 145 mg/dl (min 120— max 175 mg/dl), SD= 30. No significant differences were found between sex, residence, type and site of TB. Increasing age (p< 0.02), male sex (p= 0.04), and clinical manifestations like type of TB (p= 0.82), multilobe involvement (p= 0.243), other lung diseases (p= 0.154) are not significantly associated with DM-TB comorbidity. Conclusion. The prevalence of DM among TB patients in this study is high. The expanding burden of diabetes is increasing the risk of contracting tuberculosis and has a strong impact on TB treatment outcomes. The results of our study show that patients with TB-DM were at higher risk of treatment failure and mortality compared to those with TB without diabetes. Bidirectional screening for TB and DM along with planning and implementation of preventive and curative strategies will help early detection and prevent complications of comorbidity.
Features of prediabetes management in adolescents with excessive body weight and obesity
Authors: Pankiv V.I.
Published: January 2023

Background. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in childhood and adolescence is a relatively new disease. Until 1980, type 1 diabetes was considered the only form of diabetes in children and adolescents. Currently, the number of children suffering from type 2 diabetes is increasing annually worldwide. An increase in the number of adolescents with T2DM against the backdrop of overweight and obesity has also been recorded in Ukraine. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the dietary supplement Sakhnil as an additional complex of biologically active substances of plant origin in adolescents with impaired carbohydrate metabolism in the presence of overweight and obesity. Materials and methods. Eighteen adolescents with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) against the background of overweight and obesity were under observation. The control group consisted of 20 obese adolescents without carbohydrate metabolism disorders. For patients with IGT, the criteria for inclusion in the study were: age of 15–18 years at the time of diagnosis, presence of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance (according to the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA)), overweight and obesity. Exclusion criteria were: type 1 diabetes and monogenic forms of diabetes, presence of ketonuria. Results. In the first and second groups, by the end of observation, there was no significant decrease in fasting glycemia, HbA1c level, as these indicators were within the reference values. However, at the end of the treatment, the first group with IGT showed a significant decrease in the level of glycemia 2 hours after the load. Therapy with the dietary supplement Sakhnil led to a significant decrease (by 23.1%, p=0.01) in glycemia 2 hours after the load, which was 7.06±0.18 mmol/l. The difference between groups reached high reliability (p=0.01). In the process of observation and treatment, there was a tendency to decrease the level of immunoreactive insulin (from 19.3±3.1 μU/ml to 16.2±2.7) and the value of the HOMA (from 3.1±0.4 to 2.7±0.4) in adolescents with IGT on the background of overweight and obesity. Conclusions. Dietary supplement Sakhnil is an effective remedy for the treatment of adolescents with impaired glucose tolerance. Sakhnil is well tolerated by patients, does not cause side effects.
Effectiveness and safety of stem cells in the treatment of diabetes
Authors: Tkach S.M. , Pankiv V.I.
Published: January 2023

Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2) is one of the most common chronic diseases with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Insulin replacement therapy and other various hypoglycemic means have been used for more than 90 years to control high blood glucose levels, but they cannot accurately mimic the secretion of endogenous insulin, can cause reactive hypoglycemia, and do not exclude the risk of secondary complications of diabetes (nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, vascular pathology). The introduction of new scientific achievements into clinical practice in the future allows optimizing the treatment for diabetes and its complications, which can significantly improve the quality of life of many patients. A very promising method of DM therapy is the use of stem cells (SC) as an almost unlimited source of physiologically competent substitute for primary islets of Langerhans. SC can transform (specialize) into any cell of the body and, unlike others, can divide an indefinite number of times. This allows SC to maintain a certain number of their population and allows for the formation of a whole hierarchy of SC in the body, which are stored in certain depots. And, finally, SC are characterized by the Homing effect— the ability to find the damaged zone and fix itself in it, filling the lost function when introduced into the body. A number of studies and recent meta-analyses suggest that C-peptide, HbA1c levels, and daily insulin requirements improve after treatment of DM with stem cells, meaning that SC therapy may be a safe and effective intervention for some individuals with DM. In DM1, bone marrow hematopoietic SC are a good source of SC transplantation. In DM2, HbA1c and daily insulin requirements were significantly improved after mesenchymal SC therapy, and bone marrow mononuclear cell therapy significantly reduced insulin requirements and improved C-peptide levels. These encouraging results require confirmation in large, randomized, double-blind studies, as well as with longer follow-up periods to clearly recommend stem cell-based therapy as the standard of DM management.
POTENCIAL DE REDUÇÃO DE MICRORGANISMOS TERMOTOLERANTES DE EFLUENTES DA PECUÁRIA BOVINA LEITEIRA POR MEIO DA BIODIGESTÃO ANAERÓBIA COM E SEM INOCULAÇÃO
Authors: Manzoli Júlio Maiorquino , Souza Amanda Gutierrez de , Souza Valter Cesar de , Grotto Rejane Maria Tommasini , Rodrigues Sérgio Augusto , Sarnighausen Valéria C. Rodrigues
Published: January 2023

O Brasil tem como um dos pilares de sua economia o agronegócio, representando cerca de 21.4% do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) no ano de 2019, segundo relatório do Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. O rebanho de bovinos leiteiros confere um papel fundamental tanto economicamente, com um valor bruto de produção de 33 bilhões de reais anuais, quanto ambientalmente, pois gera grandes quantidades de dejetos que são fonte de contaminação e proliferação de microrganismos patógenos, podendo ocasionar problemas de saúde pública e poluição ambiental. Diante deste problema, a digestão anaeróbia configura-se como uma possível solução para as questões levantadas, capaz inclusive de produzir subprodutos economicamente vantajosos, o biogás e o biofertilizante. Existem diversas reivindicações acerca da reintrodução do biofertilizante na lavoura e uma delas refere-se à quantidade mínima permitida de coliformes termotolerantes, os quais são relacionados à contaminação fecal. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar o potencial de redução de microrganismos termotolerantes ao longo do processo de biodigestão anaeróbia de efluentes da pecuária bovina leiteira, em dois tratamentos, com e sem inoculação, utilizando informações de banco de dados referente à extração de DNA da microbiota destes locais. O resultado obtido no grupo com inóculo foi de 100% de redução de organismos termotolerantes, ao passo que no grupo sem adição do digestato foi percebido uma redução de 80%. Com o presente estudo, corrobora-se a hipótese de que o inóculo apresenta um papel determinante para a diminuição dos microrganismos termotolerantes durante a digestão anaeróbia de dejetos animais de produção.
GEOESPACIALIZAÇÃO DA COVID-19 NO MUNICÍPIO DE CAMPINA GRANDE-PB COM BASE NA MOBILIDADE POPULACIONAL DAS REGIÕES DE INFLUÊNCIA DAS CIDADES (REGIC)
Authors: Honório Bianca Amaral , Santos Laércio Leal dos , Nunes Francisco Miqueias Sousa , Cezario Janaína Aparecida , Machado Ana Sabrina Barbosa , Paiva William de
Published: January 2023

O coronavírus apresentou uma tendência de disseminação nas grandes cidades, ocasionada devido a intensa circulação de pessoas, gerando uma intensa preocupação para a humanidade. Nos grandes centros urbanos, o vírus encontra facilidade de se dispersar devido a mobilidade populacional, em grande parte, devido a questões de saúde, comércio, entre outras. Para atender as necessidades de dados de evolução da COVID-19 na cidade de Campina Grande-PB foi utilizado o conceito de Regiões de Influência das Cidades (REGICs) desenvolvido pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), o qual analisa o deslocamento populacional entre as cidades que desenvolvem uma ligação entre usos específicos. Com isso, objetivou-se com o estudo, geoespacializar a COVID-19 no município de Campina Grande com base na mobilidade populacional das REGICs. Por meio do ambiente SIG, os dados disponibilizados pelas secretarias estaduais de saúde foram espacializados através da organização em planilhas eletrônicas do Excel, possibilitando a elaboração de gráficos com o auxílio do software R-studio. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a evolução da COVID-19 no Estado da Paraíba, mais precisamente na cidade de Campina Grande-PB teve como principal caminho de disseminação a BR-230, que interliga o estado da Paraíba - PB  do litoral ao sertão No período analisado, os casos confirmados se intensificaram no sertão e no agreste com as cidades de Patos e Campina Grande, respectivamente, ambas no estado da Paraíba,  atingindo os municípios vizinhos, que dependem principalmente de serviços médico-hospitalares, comércio, educação, dentre outros.
Safety Analysis and Level of Service (LOS) Evaluation for At-Grade Intersections along the Metro Rail Corridors in Smart City Pune
Authors: Pachapur Basavaraj , Deulkar Vinay , Chouhan Jitendra
Published: January 2023

Abstract: Infrastructure development is key for economic growth of a country. However, poorly planned and deficiently designed infrastructure facilities becomes hazardous to the public. This leads to frequent fatalities in densely crowded cities like Pune. To minimizing fatalities by improving existing infrastructure facilities is game changer to overcome this problem. In India and around the globe many crowded cities are transforming with Metro rail networks to make urbanites life easy. In this study we have analyzed safety measures and evaluated Level of Service (LOS) for At-Grade intersections, along metro rail corridors in Pune city. This study gives good to fare idea about current safety situation of At-Grade junction based on various parameters viz. Junction Design, Pedestrian Facilities, Public Transport Facilities, Impact of Metro Infrastructure etc. The data used in this study is mostly open sourced data from Mappls RealView 360, Google Street View and site inventory. This study can be used for wide scale implementation for crowded cities, which may helpful in multimodal infrastructure development.
Crowdfunding como alternativa de financiamiento para las microempresas Análisis documental y jurídico
Authors: Ramos Zaga Fernando Antonio
Published: January 2023

Las microempresas afrontan diversas dificultades para obtener financiamiento. Esto se debe a las altas tasas de interés y requisitos que deben cumplir. Por ese motivo, los microempresarios no pueden hacer crecer sus negocios debido a falta de recursos financieros. En ese contexto, el crowdfunding surge como una alternativa para obtener préstamos a través del uso de internet. En consecuencia, la presente investigación realiza una revisión documental en torno al crowdfunding, para posteriormente analizar el marco regulatorio existente con la finalidad de promover el financiamiento de las microempresas. Finalmente, se plantean las conclusiones en referencia al tema desarrollado, pues es necesaria la mejora constante de la regulación vigente.
Firm Ownership and Technical Efficiency: Production Frontier Analysis of Malaysian Manufacturing
Authors: Suntherasegarun Sharmila , S. Devadason Evelyn
Published: January 2023

Using a new micro-based dataset of 8,472 firms covering 19 industries, this paper employs a stochastic production frontier analysis to compare time-varying technical efficiencies of foreign firms vis-à-vis local firms for the 2014 to 2019 period. The empirical findings indicate that on average, foreign firms are only marginally more (technically) efficient than local firms even after controlling for other firm characteristics. The productivity levels between foreign firms and local firms are also somewhat comparable for ‘catalytic’ industries, electrical and electronics, machinery, and chemicals. Together these results confirm that the high productivity gaps between the foreign firms and local firms in the Malaysian manufacturing sector seem to be a thing of the past.
Poems
Authors: Vethamani Malachi Edwin
Published: January 2023

Three poems.
Ann Ang, Daryl Lim, Tse Hao Guang eds., Food Republic; A Singapore Literary Banquet (Landmark Books, 2020)
Authors: Whitehead Angus
Published: January 2023

book review
Food: Culture, Consumption, and Representation
Authors: Pillai Anitha Devi
Published: January 2023

NA
April is the Cruelest Month
Authors: VanderPoorten Vivimarie
Published: January 2023

Poem
A New Formula for Calculating Species Dominance in the Case of Mosquitoes
Authors: Liu Quanchao , Zou Yaming , Jin Hui , Lan Cejie
Published: January 2023

Objective: To explore the calculation method of dominance degree from
biomass, time scale and space scale, so as to provide a reference basis
for more realistic reflection of species dominance degree. Methods:
Excel was used for statistical analysis of mosquito monitoring data in
Wuxi from 2012 to 2021, and t-test was used to test the variability of
three calculation methods, namely Time-Space index, Berger Parker index
and McNaughton index. Results: The three indices of Culex pipiens
pallens and Aedes albopictus were basically consistent, and there was no
significant difference between them; Time-Space index of Culex
tritaeniorhynchus and Anopheles sinensis was significantly lower than
Berger-Parker index (P<0.05), and was close to the significant
level (P=0.0762, P=0.0621) lower than McNaughton index; The difference
of coefficient of variation among the three calculated results was
4.63%, which was significantly lower than that of the other three
mosquitoes (P<0.05). Conclusion: Time-Space index can
significantly improve the resolution of species distribution
heterogeneity, and better reflect the true state of relative dominance
among species.
INDOXACARB POISONING CAUSING METHEMOGOBINEMIA: TREATED WITH PARENTERAL VITAMIN C
Authors: Sivanandam LOKESH KOUMAR , H Arunkumar , Marlecha Pranay , Madamanchi Varsha , Maheshwari Chanchal , Naseer MOHAMMED QUADER , Sanker Vivek , Gupta Umang
Published: January 2023

Indoxacarb is a neurotoxic insecticide used in agriculture and as a flea
controller in pets. Causes skin allergies, methemoglobinemia, and
hemolytic anemia. It is also attributed to allergic reactions through
ingestion, inhalation, physical contact, and translaminar action .We
report a case of Indoxacarb poisoning treated with Vitamin C
Gastrointestinal Manifestations of Monkeypox Infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Simadibrata Daniel Martin , Lesmana Elvira , Pratama Iqbal , Annisa Nagita Gianty , Thenedi Kevin , Simadibrata Marcellus
Published: January 2023

Background: Since early May 2022, outbreaks of Monkeypox (Mpox)
cases have emerged and become a global concern. Studies exploring the
gastrointestinal (GI) and/or liver manifestations of Mpox are still very
limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis is the first to
summarize the GI manifestations reported by Mpox patients.
Methods: We searched for Mpox studies published until October
21, 2022, in MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and organization websites. Mpox
studies were observational studies that reported at least one of either
GI and/or liver manifestations. Meta-analysis was done to obtain the
pooled prevalence of GI manifestations in Mpox patients. The quality of
included studies was assessed using the NIH Quality Assessment Tool.
Results: Overall, 31 studies that reported GI and/or liver
manifestations in Mpox patients were included. The five most commonly
reported GI manifestations by studies were abdominal pain, anorexia,
diarrhea, nausea and/or vomiting, and proctitis. There is a lack of
reporting for liver manifestations. The most prevalent GI manifestations
in Mpox patients were anorexia (47%; 95%CI 41-53%), followed by
nausea and/or vomiting (12%; 95%CI 11-13%), proctitis (11%; 95%CI
11-12%), abdominal pain (9%; 95%CI 8-10%), and diarrhea (5%; 95%CI
4-6%). Conclusion: Anorexia was the most frequently reported
GI manifestation in Mpox patients, followed by nausea and/or vomiting,
proctitis, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. The presentation of proctitis
during the ongoing Mpox outbreak highly suggests a potential for Mpox
diagnosis.
Private- Cooperatives Synergy in the Face of Agricultural Policy Changes: Moral Hazard Behavior Ameliorated? An Experience from Coffee Cooperatives in Southern Highlands, Tanzania
Authors: Lumenyela Rogers A. , Dimosso Provident , Chusi Tafuteni
Published: January 2023

The private sector is essential for improving the coffee sector by supporting farmers through cooperatives and groups. The study objective is to assess the impact of policy changes on moral hazard and private-farmers investment synergy. The present study used data collected from coffee farmers and cooperatives in Mbeya, Songwe and Ruvuma in Tanzania. Analyses were achieved by using descriptive statistics and difference-in-difference (DiD) at both the farm level and cooperative level. The results indicate that the 2017/2018 government policy changes ameliorated moral hazard and free-riding behaviors among farmers, owing to repay loans. Cooperatives with contractual arrangements with private investors suffered from moral hazards attributable to policy changes whereby the decline in the coffee collection was 33,040 kg (with an average treatment effect on the treated (ATT)) of coffee parchment, whereas, at the farmers’ level, farmers reduced the collection of coffee with an ATT of 24.6 kg. In addition, because of these changes, some central pulse units were found to be non-functional, while others were under-utilized. In this regard, such moral hazard behavior among coffee farmers destabilized cooperatives, as well as the existing synergy between private investors and cooperatives. It is recommended that before policy or any institutional change, it is important to consider strategies and paths to reduce the moral hazard and free-riding behaviors of any stakeholder to improve market efficiency. For the coffee sector, this would include farmers collecting coffee from member cooperatives only. The government must consider having an effective institutional/policy change mechanism, in particular having a preparatory stage for policy change, to ensure that all contracts that have to be affected by such changes are reinforced properly to reduce unnecessary losses for any actor in the value chain. The government can facilitate or mediate disputes related to investments in agriculture, provide administrative support, and help negotiate compensation.
COVID-19 pandemic and intimate partner violence: experiences and outcomes for shelters’ clients in Croatia
Authors: Kovco-Vukadin Irma
Published: January 2023

Previous research on intimate partner violence (IPV) shows different
approaches to answering the question of whether the pandemic has led to an
increase and worsening of IPV. The purpose of this study was to examine the
impact of the pandemic on the personal and family functioning of victims of
IPV, the impact of lockdown on the incidence of violence, help-seeking,
coping mechanisms, mental health indicators, and the relationship between
the experience of violence, resilience, and mental health indicators. The
research sample consisted of women (N=52) who were clients of women?s
shelters in Croatia. The pandemic worsened the financial situation of
participants and led to changes in the substance use by participants?
partners. Since the introduction of lockdown, there has been an increase in
all forms of violence, ranging from 26% (economic violence) to 46%
(psychological violence). Participants were most likely to seek help from
social welfare centres and the police and showed relatively high resilience
and relatively favourable scores on the depression, anxiety, and stress
scales.
Low Power, Area Efficient Architecture for Successive Cancellation Decoder
Authors: Sujanth Roy J  , G Lakshminarayanan
Published: January 2023

Polar codes have recently emerged as an error-correcting code and have become popular owing to their capacity-achieving nature. Polar code based communication system primarily consists of two parts, including Polar Encoder and Decoder. Successive Cancellation Decoder is one of the methods used in the decoding process. The Successive Cancellation Decoder is a recursive structure built with the building block called Processing Element. This article proposes a low power, area-efficient architecture for the Successive Cancellation Decoder for polar codes. Successive Cancellation Decoder with code length 1024 and code rate 0.5 was designed in Verilog HDL and implemented using 45-nm CMOS technology. The proposed work focuses on developing an area-efficient Successive Cancellation Decoder architecture by presenting a new Processing Element architecture. The proposed architecture has produced about 35% lesser area with a 12% reduced gate count. Moreover, power is also reduced by 50%. A substantial reduction in the latency and improvement in the Technology Scaled Normalized Throughput value was observed.
Implementation of Contextual Learning In Improving Early Children's Cognitive Ability
Authors: Loka Novita , Diana Raden Rachmy , Wafa Muhammad Sirril
Published: January 2023

ABSTRAK. Kemampuan kognitif anak usia dini saat ini menurun. Hal ini didukung berbagai faktor, salah satunya adalah kurangnya penggunaan pembelajaran yang inovatif yang mampu mengembangkan berbagai aspek perkembangan anak, khususnya ada kemampuan kognitif anak.. Pembelajaran yang bisa digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak adalah pembelajaran kontekstual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan kognitif anak pada pembelajaran kontestual di Taman Kanak-kanak Islam Al-Ittifaqiah Indralaya. Penelitian ini berjenis kualitatif deskriptif dengan pengumpul data yakni observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi dengan subjek penelitian anak usia 5-6 tahun di kelas B Maria al-Qibty Taman Kanak-kanak Islam al-Ittifaqiah Indralaya. Sedangkan analisa data yang digunakan dengan pendekatan Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan kognitif anak meningkat pada pembelajaran kontekstual ini. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan beberapa indikator kemampuan kognitif anak seperti meningkatnya kemampuan memecahkan masalah sederhana, memahami konsep sains dan konsep bilangan. Anak yang semula tidak mengetahui warna dan bentuk, ketika dilaksanakan pembelajaran kontekstual mulai memahami warna dan bentuk tersebut.Kata Kunci:  Pembelajaran Kontekstual, Kemampuan Kognitif, Anak Usia diniABSTRACTCognitive abilities in early childhood are currently declining. This is supported by various factors, one of which is the lack of use of innovative learning that can develop various aspects of children's development, especially children's cognitive abilities. Learning that can be used to improve children's cognitive abilities is contextual learning. This study aims to determine the cognitive abilities of children in contextual learning at Al-Ittifaqiah Islamic Kindergarten Indralaya. This research is a descriptive qualitative type with data collectors namely observation, interviews, and documentation with research subjects aged 5-6 years in class B Maria al-Qibty Islamic Kindergarten al-Ittifaqiah Indralaya. While the data analysis used the Miles and Huberman approach. The results showed that children's cognitive abilities increased in this contextual learning. This is evidenced by several indicators of children's cognitive abilities such as the increased ability to solve simple problems and understand science concepts and number concepts. Children who initially do not know colors and shapes, when contextual learning is carried out, begin to understand these colors and shapes.Keywords: Contextual Learning, Cognitive Ability, Early Childhood