bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OPTIMASI FILLING TIME INJECTION MOLDING CRISPER DENGAN BANTUAN SOFTWARE AUTODESK MOLDFLOW INSIGHT
Authors: Rudiyadi Raswan
Published: March 2017

Laporan Tugas Akhir ini penulis susun berdasarkan kerja nyata penulis di PT PyoJoon Mold Indonesia pada unit Design, dan berdasarkan beberapa literature dari buku, serta bimbingan yang diberikan oleh dosen pembimbing Tugas Akhir Bapak Nurato ST. MT. yang telah memberikan motivasi dan petunjuk dalam penyelesain Laporan Tugas Akhir ini. Tujuan pembuatan Laporan Tugas Akhir ini adalah untuk menganalisa apakah produk Crisper tersebut mampu diproduksi dengan system hot runner molding dan Mencegah defect produk Crisper yang akan dihasilkan. Dengan bantuan software Autodesk moldflow insight penulis melakukan analisa terhadap produk yang akan dibuat molding dan membuat design molding Crisper
PENGARUH TEMPERATUR DAN LINE SPEED PADA PROSES PEMBUATAN KABEL OPTIK YANG MENGALAMI KECACATAN DISELUBUNG KABEL PADA MESIN EXTRUDER
Authors: Ikam Bahrul
Published: March 2017

Dari serangkaian ujicoba mulai dari menentukan tooling (tip &die) dengan cara melakukan  perhitungan Draw Down Rasio (DDR)& Draw Ratio Balance (DRB), mencoba Line speed extruder sampai ujicoba temperatur Extruder pada projek Telkom ADSS untuk menentukan hasil kualitas hasil pengujian yang terbaik sudah dilakukan, tiga buah variable yang berpengaruh terhadap kualitas hasil tes plastik telah di pilih yaitu: perhitungan DDR & DRB untuk menentukan tooling yang gunakan dan temperatur extruder. Rangkaian pengujian dilakukan dengan tujuan mempelajari seberapa besar pengaruh tooling (tip & die) dan juga temperatur extruder. Hasil pengujian terbaik yang tidak menyebabkan cacat pada permukaan kabel yaitu dengan menggunakan tooling tip berdiameter 8.2 mm dan die berdiameter 13.5 dan temperatur screwextruder Z1=130°C, Z2=160°C, Z3=165°C, Z4=170°C, Z5=175°C, dan pada zona crosshead H1=180°C, H2=180°C, H3=185°C, H4=185°C. Dari ketiga variabel tersebut tololing (tip & die), line speed dan temperature extruder adalah sangat signifikan.Karena keduanya sangat bersinggungan
REKAYASA BAHAN CAMPURAN BETON DAN INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN AIR UNTUK PENUNJANG PRODUKSI DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN LIMBAH IPAL DI PT X
Authors: Zaenal Zaenal
Published: March 2017

Green manufacturing adalah konsep sistem produksi berkelanjutan dalam menghasilkan sebuah produk, dengan meminimalkan limbah dan polusi di dalam prosesnya. Salah satu penilaian kinerja green manufacturing adalah program PROPER yaitu program peringkat kinerja perusahaan oleh kementrian lingkungan hidup. PT X adalah pabrik yang memproduksi brankas atau lemari besi dan filing cabinet tahan api. Limbah yang diolah di Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah berasal dari proses painting baik dari bahan kimia proses pembersihan pengkondisian metal sebelum dicat, maupun dari material cat itu sendiri. Limbah juga datang dari sisa campuran beton yang merupakan bahan utama sebagai pengisi lemari besi. Proses pengolahan limbah menggunakan metoda fisik dan kimia agar buangan limbah memenuhi baku mutu Kawasan Industri MM2100 Bekasi. Kajian ini dilakukan untuk merekayasa campuran beton dengan memanfaatkan limbah sludge dan rekayasa instalasi air untuk memanfaatkan air limbah menjadi air penunjang proses produksi. Kajian dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan data primer dan sekunder, pengamatan langsung ke lapangan, pengambilan dan pengujian sampel. Pembuatan sampel kubus beton dilakukan untuk subtitusi sludge 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% dan 20% masing-masing 3 sample untuk Uji Tekan 7 hari dan 3 sample untuk Uji Tekan 28 hari. Dari hasil pengujian di ketahui nilai kuat tekan subtitusi 10 % sebesar 310 (kN), lebih besar dari nilai minimum yaitu 300 (kN) sehingga bisa di gunakan sebagai campuran beton produk. Subtitusi 5% sampai dengan 20% bisa digunakan untuk ruko 5 lantai s/d jalan tol atau jalan negara.
PENGUJIAN PENGARUH VARIASI PUTARAN MESIN TERHADAP PERFORMANSI SISTEM PENGKONDISIAN UDARA PADA KENDARAAN PENUMPANG 1.500 cc
Authors: Suadi Suadi
Published: March 2017

Kompresor yang merupakan komponen utama memiliki peranan penting dalam mensirkulasikan dan mengkompresikan aliran refrigeran di dalam sistem pengkondisian udara. Dalam pengoperasiannya, kompresor diputar dengan crankshaft pulley mesin melalui sabuk (drive belt). Semakin tinggi putaran mesin, maka semakin tinggi pula putaran kompresor, begitu juga sebaliknya. Dapat dikatakan bahwa perubahan putaran mesin akan mempengaruhi kerja kompresor, yang pada akhirnya akan mempengaruhi performansi sistem pengkondisian udara pada kendaraan. Pengujian dilakukan dengan variasi putaran mesin mulai dari 788 rpm sampai dengan 3.288 rpm. Data-data awal yang didapat berupa tekanan rendah (low pressure) pada selang masuk kompresor dan tekanan tinggi (high pressure) pada pipa keluar kondensor. Berdasarkan kedua tekanan tersebut dapat diketahui properti refrigeran R-134a dengan menggunakan program miniREFPROP. Dari hasil pengujian pengaruh variasi putaran mesin terhadap performansi sistem pengkondisian udara yang pada kendaraan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa seiring meningkatnya putaran mesin, menyebabkan daya yang diperlukan kompresor semakin meningkat. Energi panas yang dilepaskan refrigeran di kondensor dan energi panas yang diserap refrigeran di evaporator (kapasitas pendinginan) juga mengalami peningkatan, sedangkan koefisien prestasi mengalami penurunan. Pada putaran mesin 788 rpm, koefisien prestasi yang dihasilkan sebesar 2,91. Pada kenaikan putaran mesin berikutnya koefisien prestasi mengalami penurunan sampai pada putaran mesin 3.288 rpm, koefisien prestasi yang dihasilkan sebesar 1,16.
ANALISA KEBUTUHAN JENIS DAN SPESIFIKASI POMPA UNTUK SUPLAI AIR BERSIH DI GEDUNG KANTIN BERLANTAI 3 PT ASTRA DAIHATSU MOTOR
Authors: Ubaedilah Ubaedilah
Published: March 2017

Pada Gedung kantin berlantai 3 di PT Astra Daihatsu Motor, terdapat sistem pemipaan dan pompa air yang digunakan untuk mensuplai air bersih untuk kebutuhan sehari-hari. Berdasarkan kenyataan di lapangan dimana tidak ada data-data sekunder untuk menentukan spesifikasi pompa tersebut. Tujuan analisa ini adalah untuk mendapatkan kapasitas pompa yang sesuai dengan sistem pemipaan yang terpasang di gedung kantin berlantai 3. Dengan menggunakan metode studi lapangan dan wawancara serta penerapan rumus-rumus yang berhubungan dengan sistem pemipaan dan mencakup perhitungan pompa. Sistem pemipaan yang dihitung adalah sistem pemipaan dari tangki air di dasar lantai menuju ke tangki air yang di atas gedung. Dalam menentukan jenis dan spesifikasi pompa yang akan digunakan pada gedung tersebut meliputi debit air yang dibutuhkan, menentukan kapasitas komponen–komponen yang akan digunakan seperti diameter pipa, kapasitas tangki air di lantai dasar dan di atap gedung dan head total pada sistem pemipaan. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan, debit air yang dibutuhkan 0,0296874 m3/min dan head total yang terjadi sebesar 15,9438 m. Maka spesifikasi pompa yang diperlukan adalah 40 x 32A2 – 50,75. Spesifikasi pompa tersebut tidak jauh berbeda dengan yang sudah diterapkan di lapangan. Pompa tersebut tidak mengalami kavitasi karena NPSHa (14,119 m) > NPSHr (0,478314 m).
PENGUKURAN KEEFEKTIFAN KESELURUHAN PERALATAN (OEE) SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN NILAI EFEKTIVITAS MESIN BLOWING
Authors: Dwiaji Yudhi Chandra
Published: March 2017

PT X merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang industri tekstil dengan produk yang dihasilkan berupa benang. Dalam proses pembuatan benang harus melalui enam tahapan yaitu penggunaan mesin blowing, carding, drawing, speeding, ring spinning, dan mach con. Dari keenam tahapan mesin tersebut mesin blowing merupakan tahap pertama dari proses pembuatan benang, sehingga keberlanjutan proses setelahnya tergantung dari hasil produksi mesin blowing. Sehingga untuk mengukur keefektivan mesin blowing dapat digunakan metode Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE). Berdasarkan data dari PT X, selama awal tahun 2015 dari bulan Januari hingga Mei 2015 terlihat keefektifan mesin blowing adalah sebesar 34,41%. Nilai tersebut jauh dibawah standar global dari OEE yang berada diangka 85%. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa performa mesin blowing dari PT X disini belum efektif dan memerlukan perawatan atau perbaikan secara detail.
MANAJEMEN RESIKO DI TENGAH PERUBAHAN MODEL BISNIS TELEKOMUNIKASI
Authors: Fauzi Firman
Published: March 2017

Dalam era data / internet, para operator telekomunikasi tentu saja mulai memfokuskan bisnis dan layanannya pada data, yang semula hanya sebagai salah satu value added service (VAS) hingga kemudian menjadi bagian core business para operator. Sayangnya pada era data ini, sepertinya resiko yang dihadapi operator adalah harus berbagi “kue” revenue dengan “banyak pemain lain” di luar operator telekomunikasi. Kemungkinan nilai yang didapatkan tidak akan sebesar saat era voice dan SMS yang masih mendominasi layanan telekomunikasi saat itu. Tetapi pertumbuhan pendapatan terus tertekan. Untuk mengatasi resiko tersebut maka operator telekomunikasi perlu manajemen resiko yang lebih handal lagi.
PENGEMBANGAN FORMULA COMPOUND RUBBER DALAM PEMBUATAN SOL SEPATU
Authors: Suliknyo Suliknyo
Published: March 2017

Sol sepatu  adalah  bagian terbawah dari bagian sepatu yang kontak langsung dengan tanah. Sol ini harus memiliki sifat fisik yang baik seperti tegangan putus, perpanjangan putus, Modulus, kekerasan, dan ketahanan. Sifat fisik barang jadi karet sangat dipengaruhi oleh perancangan awal formula kompon karet sol sepatu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh pemakaian IR 2200 dan KNB 40H sebanyak 10, 10.25, 10.5 phr terhadap sifat mekanik. Bahan digiling menggunakan dua rol terbuka, sedangkan pencetakan digunakan mesin hydraulic press. Hasil uji menunjukan bahwa vulkanisat karet dengan hasil terbaik diperoleh dengan pemakaian IR 2200 dan KNB 40H sebanyak 10.5 phr dengan nilai tegangan putus 13.42 MPa, perpanjangan putus  713,86%, kekerasan 67.8 shore A, ketahanan sobek 16.34 MPa, dan abrasi 0.22 cc. Hasil uji tersebut memenuhi persyaratan Nike Test Method.
PEMBUATAN DAN KARAKTERISASI KERAMIK MAGNESIUM ALUMINA SILIKA DARI ABU VULKANIK GUNUNG SINABUNG
Authors: Sidabutar Tri Exaudi
Published: March 2017

Berlimpahnya material abu vulkanik Gunung Sinabung merupakan suatu hal yang menarik untuk diteliti lebih lanjut, khusunya tentang kelayakan penggunaan abu vulkanik tersebut sebagai bahan dasar untuk membuat material keramik magnesium alumina silika. Sebagian besar abu vulkanik tersebut belum termanfaatkan sama sekali. Material keramik dibuat dari bahan dasar yang tersusun atas abu vulkanik, alumina silika (Al2O3) dan Magnesium Oksida (MgO). Keberadaan abu vulkanik hasil dari letusan Gunung Sinabung merupakan hal yang cukup potensial sebagai pembuatan bahan keramik.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat keramik yang keras dan kuat dari abu vulkanik Gunung Sinabung dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan Al2O3 dan MgO pada pada sampel material keramik. Sekaligus untuk mengetahui proses pembakaran (sintering) yang optimal terhadap karakterisasi dari sampel keramik yang meliputi sifat fisik, kekerasan dan struktur Kristal dari material.Adapun hasil dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan untuk memnuhi tujuan tersebut adalah nilai densitas tertinggi dengan komposisi abu (80%), Al2O3 (10%) dan MgO (10%) adalah 2.06 gr/cm2 dengan suhu pembakaran 1200 0C, morfologi yang baik pada komposisi yang sama dengan suhu pembakaran 1200 0C, fasa yang dominan terbentuk adalah Silika oksida (SiO2), dan fasa lainnya MgSiO3, Al₂MgO₄ dan hasil kekerasan yang diperoleh sebesar 768.21 kgf/mm2.
ASESMEN MATURITAS MANAJEMEN RISIKO PERUSAHAAN PADA KONTRAKTOR KECIL DAN MENENGAH
Authors: Misbah Misbah
Published: March 2017

Perusahaan konstruksi (kontraktor) memiliki peranan penting dan tanggung jawab dalam kesuksesan proyek. Sampai saat ini masih ditemukan adanya keterlambatan pelaksanaan proyek, salah satu penyebabnya kurangnya penanganan risiko pada perusahaan. Oleh karena itu kontraktor dituntut harus menyadari dan memperhatikan potensi risiko atas proyek yang ditanganinya agar dapat meminimalisasi risiko dan membantu pencapaian tujuan.Tata kelola manajemen risiko yang baik akan memberikan informasi dan indikasi terhadap kemungkinan risiko yang akan terjadi pada perusahaan, sehingga dapat dilakukan pencegahan dan evaluasi dini untuk meminimalisasi kerugian dan meningkatkan profitabilitas perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi kriteria, mengukur tingkat maturitas serta memberikan rekomendasi terhadap kelemahan penerapan manajemen risiko. Hal ini dilakukan agar dapat mengidentifikasi area yang membutuhkan perbaikan, sehingga dapat dilakukan tindakan untuk meningkatkan peforma perusahaaan. Model penilaian maturitas diadopsi dari model yang dikembangkan oleh Zhao. Model ini dilakukan berdasarkan pendekatan manajemen risiko perusahaan (ERM) yang menekankan bahwa risiko harus dikelola oleh semua pihak perusahaan dan sesuai dengan tujuan yang ingin dicapai. Terdapat 16 kriteria untuk mengukur level maturitas pada kontraktor kecil dan menengah, yang dikukur kedalam lima level, yaitu; sangat lemah, lemah, menengah, baik dan optimal.
Garage carbon monoxide levels from sources commonly used in intentional poisoning
Authors:   Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington U.S, Hampson Neil B , Holm James R , Courtney Todd G
Published: March 2017

Background: The incidence of intentional carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is believed to have declined due to strict federal CO emissions standards for motor vehicles and the uniform application of catalytic converters (CC). We sought to compare ambient CO levels produced by automobiles with and without catalytic converters in a residential garage, as well as from other CO sources commonly used for intentional poisoning. Methods: CO levels were measured inside a free-standing 73 m3 one-car garage. CO sources included a 1971 automobile without CC, 2003 automobile with CC, charcoal grill, electrical generator, lawn mower and leaf blower. Results: After 20 minutes of operation, the CO level in the garage was 253 PPM for the car without a catalytic converter and 30 PPM for the car equipped with one. CO levels after operating or burning the other sources were: charcoal 200 PPM; generator >999 PPM; lawn mower 198 PPM; and leaf blower 580 PPM. Conclusions: While emissions controls on automobiles have reduced intentional CO poisonings, alternate sources may produce CO at levels of the same magnitude as vehicles manufactured prior to the use of catalytic converters. Those involved in the care of potentially suicidal individuals should be aware of this.
Evaluation of the Carefusion Alaris PC infusion pump for hyperbaric oxygen therapy conditions: Technical report
Authors:   Department of Intensive Care and Hyperbaric Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia, Smale Andrew , Tsouras Theo
Published: March 2017

We present a standardized test methodology and results for our evaluation of the Carefusion Alaris PC infusion pump, comprising the model 8015 PC Unit and the model 8100 Large Volume Pump (LVP) module. The evaluation consisted of basic suitability testing, internal component inspection, surface temperature measurement of selected internal components, and critical performance testing (infusion rate accuracy and occlusion alarm pressure) during conditions of typical hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) treatment in our facility’s class A multiplace chamber. We have found that the pumps pose no enhanced risk as an ignition source, and that the pumps operate within manufacturer’s specifications for flow rate and occlusion alarms at all stages of HBO2 treatments, up to 4.0 ATA and pressurization and depressurization rates up to 180 kPa/minute. The pumps do not require purging with air or nitrogen and can be used unmodified, subject to the following conditions: pumps are undamaged, clean, fully charged, and absent from alcohol cleaning residue; pumps are powered from the internal NiMH battery only; maximum pressure exposure 4.0 ATA; maximum pressurization and depressurization rate of 180 kPa/minute; LVP modules locked in place with retaining screws.
Oridonin protects the lung against hyperoxia-induced injury in a mouse model
Authors:   Department of Pathology, Yantaishan Hospital, No 91, Jiefang Road, Zhifu District, Yantai City, Shandong, 264001, P. R. China, Liu Ying , Zhang Pei-xi ,   Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the First People’s Hospital of Jining City, No 6, Jiankang Road, Jining City, Shandong, 272011, P. R. China, Hon Cui-hong ,   Department of Pathology, the First People’s Hospital of Jining City, No 6, Jiankang Road, Jining City, Shandong, 272011, P. R. China, Wei Dunbiao ,   Department Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine, Secondary Military Medical University, No 800, Xiangyin Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China, Qiao Tongju ,   Department Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine, Secondary Military Medical University, No 800, Xiangyin Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China, Peng Bo ,   Department Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine, Secondary Military Medical University, No 800, Xiangyin Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China, Liu Kan ,   Department Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine, Secondary Military Medical University, No 800, Xiangyin Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China, Zheng Juan ,   Department Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine, Secondary Military Medical University, No 800, Xiangyin Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China, Liu Wenwu ,   Department Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine, Secondary Military Medical University, No 800, Xiangyin Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
Published: March 2017

Hyperoxic acute lung injury (HALI) is caused by prolonged exposure to high oxygen partial pressure. This study was undertaken to investigate the protective effects of oridonin on HALI in a mouse model. Mice were randomly divided into three groups: the control group, HALI group and oridonin (ORI) group. HALI was induced by exposing mice to pure oxygen at 2.5 atmospheres absolute (ATA) for six hours in the HALI and ORI groups. In the ORI group, mice were intraperitoneally injected with ORI at 10 mg/kg twice daily after hyperoxic exposure. Animals were sacrificed 24 hours after the hyperoxia exposure, followed by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Lungs were then collected. Each lung was processed for HE staining and detection of wet-to-dry weight ratio. The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and protein content of BALF were determined, and the contents of malonaldehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the lung were measured. Our results showed prolonged exposure to hyperoxia significantly damaged the lung, caused lung edema, increased MDA and TNF-α, and reduced GSH and IL-10 in the lung. However, post-exposure treatment with oridonin was able to improve lung pathology, attenuate lung edema, reduce MDA and TNF-α, and increase GSH and IL-10 in the lung. These findings suggest that oridonin can protect the lung against hyperoxia-induced injury in mice.
Relationship between clinical and radiologic findings of spinal cord injury in decompression sickness
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Chung Jae Myun , Ahn Jin Young ,   Department of Neurology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
Published: March 2017

Background: Decompression sickness may involve the central nervous system. The most common site is spinal cord. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between magnetic resonance(MR) imaging findings of spinal damage and clinical findings in acute decompression sickness. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 12 patients (male=10, female=2) who presented with spinal cord symptoms. We investigated their clinical features, neurological findings and radiologic findings. Results: The depth and bottom time of the dive were 34.5 meters (range 22-56) and 22.7 minutes (range 10-55) respectively. Most divers ascended within appropriate time frame as shown by the decompression tables. The most frequent initial symptoms were lower limbs weakness (n=12), followed by sensory disturbances (n=10) and bladder dysfuction (n=5). The chief radiologic abnormalities were continuous (n=3), or non-continuous (n=5) high-signal intensity on T2-weighted images at posterior paramedian portion of the spinal cord, mainly thoracic level. There were no abnormal findings in the remaining four (4) patients, and they showed good prognosis. All patients were treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy and some received high-dose dexamethasone. On discharge, five (5) patients had made a full recovery, seven (7) had some residual neurological sequelae, and all patients except one (1) regained normal bladder function. Conclusion: Spinal cord decompression sickness is a neurological emergency. Early recognition and treatment may minimize neurological damage. Initial normal finding in MR imaging was a good predictor for prognosis in spinal decompression sickness.
The role of transplant coordinators in ensuring quality of deceased organ donation
Authors: Lausevic Mirjana , Kravljaca Milica , Milenovic Miodrag , Zivkovic Marijana , Brkovic Voin , Milinkovic Marija , Naumovic Radomir
Published: March 2017

Organ quality depends on variety of factors, including donor characteristics,
effects of brain death, donor maintanance, the type of organ perfusion, cold
ishaemia time and surgical procedures during organ recovery. Brain death
influences on donor hemodynamics, hormone disregulation and consecutive
inflammation of donor organs, which leads to organ dysfunction after
transplantation. Due to disparity between organ demand and supply, an
improvement in the use of allografts from deceased donors that are older,
with significant comorbidity, has been observed recently. Assessment
regarding deceased donor organ quality is based on donor demographic and
clinical characteristics that are related to early and late outcome after
transplantation. The transplant coordinator has a role in donor
identification and selection, obtaining family consent for organ donation and
communication with multidisciplinary teams during organ recovery
organisation, which leads to an increased number of available organs and also
their quality.
The Effect of Diabetes on Cortical Function in Stroke: Implications for Poststroke Plasticity
Authors: Huynh William , Kwai Natalie , Arnold Ria , Krishnan Arun V. , Lin Cindy S.-Y. , Vucic Steve , Kiernan Matthew C.
Published: March 2017

Diabetes may impair the capacity for neuroplasticity such that patients experience a slower and poorer recovery after stroke. The current study investigated changes in cortical function in stroke patients with diabetes to determine how this comorbidity may affect poststroke cortical plasticity and thereby functional recovery. From a cohort of 57 participants, threshold-tracking transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to assess cortical function over the ipsilateral and contralesional hemispheres in 7 patients with diabetes after an acute stroke compared with 12 stroke patients without diabetes. Cortical function was also assessed in 8 patients with diabetes without stroke and 30 normal control subjects. After acute stroke, short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) was reduced over both motor cortices in stroke patients without diabetes compared with normal control patients, while in stroke patients with diabetes, SICI was only reduced over the contralesional but not the ipsilesional cortex compared with control patients with diabetes. In addition, SICI was significantly reduced in the control patients with diabetes compared with normal control patients. These results have demonstrated the absence of ipsilesional cortical excitability change after diabetic strokes, suggesting impaired capacity for neuroplasticity over this hemisphere as a consequence of a “double-hit” phenomenon because of preexisting alterations in cortical function in nonstroke patients with diabetes. The reliance on reorganization over the contralesional cortex after stroke will likely exert influence on poststroke recovery in patients with diabetes.
The Prevention of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus With Antenatal Oral Inositol Supplementation: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Farren Maria , Daly Niamh , McKeating Aoife , Kinsley Brendan , Turner Michael J. , Daly Sean
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVE

This study investigated if inositol in a combination of myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol would prevent gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women with a family history of diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This was a randomized controlled trial that examined whether inositol from the first antenatal visit prevents GDM. The trial was carried out in a single-center tertiary referral center. Women with a family history of diabetes were enrolled at the first antenatal visit. They were randomized to the intervention group, which received a combination of 1,100 mg myo-inositol, 27.6 mg D-chiro-inositol, and 400 μg folic acid, or to the control group, which received 400 μg folic acid only. All women had an oral glucose tolerance test between 24 and 28 weeks' gestation. The primary end point was the incidence of GDM. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS Statistical Package version 20.

RESULTS

Two hundred forty women, 120 in each arm, were recruited between January 2014 and July 2015. There were no differences in characteristics between the groups. The incidence of GDM was 23.3% (n = 28) in the intervention group compared with 18.3% (n = 22) in the control group (P = 0.34). The mean fasting plasma glucose at the glucose tolerance test was 81 mg/dL in both groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Commencing an inositol combination in early pregnancy did not prevent GDM in women with a family history of diabetes. Further studies are required to examine whether inositol supplements at varying doses may prevent GDM.
EFEK ANTIINFLAMASI PERASAN KERING BUAH Morinda citrifolia Linn SECARA PER ORAL PADA TIKUS PUTIH
Authors: Dyatmiko Wahjo , Maat Suprapto , Kusumawati Idha , Wiyoto Gemparing Bayu
Published: March 2017

Research on anti inflammatory activity of the fruit of Morinda citrifolia Linn. Or known as pace in Indonesia language has been done by using three methods of assays i.e. anti inflammatory bioactivity assay by measuring the reduction of carrageen-induced oedema in rats analgesic bioactivity assay using writhing test method on mice, and vascular permeability bioactivity assay on mice induced by acetic acid. Results showed that dried juice of the fruit at the dose 1500 mg/kg body weight decreased the volume of oedema up to 64 percent and reduced the pain up to 54 percent. At the dose 2100 mg/kg body weight the dried juice reduced the vascular permeability up to 72 percent.
THE EVIDENCE OF BACILLIFORM VIRUS A CAUSATIVE AGENT OF WHITE SPOT SYNDROME OF WHITE SHRIMP Penaeus merguiensis
Authors: Suprapto Hari
Published: March 2017

The rod-shape virus particles were found in the hyperthrophied nucleus and cytoplasm of diseased white shrimp Penaeus merguiensis naturally infected by White spot syndrome (WSBV). In natural infection cumulative mortality of shrimp were very high, 95 percent of population were dead in 3-7 days, and 5 percent of shrimp population survived. The disease was outbreak in intensive culture farms used the closed circulation sea water system. Others crustacean such as crabs and bentatos were not infected by WSBV at time of sampling. The virus particle were rod-shape ranging from 78 10 nm in diameter and 280 10 nm in length. The pathogenic bacteria mainly dominated by genus Vibrio sp were isolated from shrimp.
PELANGGARAN HAK MORAL ATAS KARYA CIPTA DALAM PENERBITAN ELEKTRONIK
Authors: WIRADIRJA IMAS ROSIDAWATI
Published: March 2017

Moral Rights protection is getting ignored in the era of global economy, specially since the beginning the emergence of the Information Technology revolution is marked by the use of the Internet as a means of communication. In the era when copyrights exploitation is becoming more intensive, complex, and multifacet, the appreciation of moral rights is being ignored. Society can access easily in the form of information products and other digital products which can be directly received. However, copyright infringement for e-books are often overlooked, because it's so easy to copy and modify digital product. Issues related to moral rights are the work of the e-book is translated without permission, and then up loaded in the Internet. This is an issue that occurs in cyberspace. Copyright is the legal protection extended to the owner of the rights in an original work that he has created on e-book. Nowadays, people can easily access and obtain digital information such as e-book which is published and reproduced without respecting the copyrights of it. The issue related to the moral rights is that the e-book is translated without getting legal permission from the author, and publish it on the internet. This is a law issue in the realm of internet. Copyrights privides legal protection to the original owner of the e-book. That is why; the objective of this study is to find and analyze copyrights breaching happens in cyberspace and what efforts needed to examine prevention of moral rights infringement under Indonesia regulations.Keywords: Moral Rights; Copyright; Electronic Publishing; E-Book TranslationABSTRAKPerlindungan Hak Moral semakin terabaikan dalam era ekonomi global, terutama sejak munculnya revolusi Teknologi Informasi (TI) yang ditandai dengan maraknya penggunaan Internet  sebagai sarana komunikasi. Dalam era digital eksploitasi karya cipta semakin intensif, kompleks, dan multifacet, sehingga cenderung mengabaikan penghormatan terhadap hak moral pencipta. Dewasa ini, masyarakat dapat dengan mudah mengakses dan mendapatkan  informasi  dalam bentuk produk informasi digital termasuk buku elektronik (e-book). Akan tetapi, hal ini menyebabkan  terjadinya pelanggaran terhadap Hak Cipta buku elektronik (e-book) yang sering  kali diabaikan, hal ini terjadi karena begitu mudahnya orang untuk menyalin dan memodifikasi produk digital tersebut. Isu yang terkait dengan hak moral adalah karya e-book tersebut diterjemahkan tanpa izin pengarangnya, dan kemudian dimuat di Internet. Ini adalah permasalahan hukum yang terjadi di dunia maya. Hak Cipta memberikan perlindungan hukum kepada pemilik hak dalam karya asli seperti pada e-book tersebut. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan dan menganalisis pelanggaran Hak Cipta di dunia maya dan meneliti upaya pencegahan terhadap pelanggaran hak moral tersebut melalui peraturan hukum di  Indonesia.Kata Kunci : Hak Moral; Hak Cipta; Penerbitan Elektronik; Terjemahan E-Book
MEDIASI KONFLIK KERATON SURAKARTA MELALUI PENERAPAN LOCAL WISDOM
Authors: Mulyanto Mulyanto , Widada Sutapa Mulja
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this study was to describe the root causes of conflict and the palace of King Twins conflict resolution patterns Keraton Surakarta Sultanate . The method used is descriptive method sosiolegal . This study is located in the Keraton Surakarta using primary data and secondary data. Techniques of qualitative data analysis by using the theoretical interpretation. The results showed that the root of the problem is basically this conflict began Keraton Surakarta since the death of Paku Buwana XII on June 11, 2004. The conflict between the heir to the throne of Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Harya (KGPH) Hangabehi and KGPH Tedjowulan born of different mothers. Patterns of conflict resolution involving a third party (mediation) mechanisms beyond traditional law paugeran palace. Lastly, Mediation of legal protection based Surakarta Mayor Letter No. 181.1/6619/SJ Minister mentioned that the mayor coordinate with Deliberation forums Regional Head (Muspida) and family Keraton Solo Kasunanan, to resolve conflicts and protect the palace as a cultural heritage.

Keywords : Mediation; Conflict; Local Wisdom.
PENDIDIKAN TENTANG KESADARAN HUKUM BAGI ANAK BERMASALAH HUKUM DI LAPAS
Authors: Arifin Arifin
Published: March 2017

Problems faced in optimizing the quality of "Education for Learners in Tangerang correctional institution" today is the contradiction between the values of hope (das sollen) with the values of reality (das Sein), and the dominant factor affecting the quality of the "Education students in Tangerang correctional institution ", is a factor of the input instrument of education. Qualitative study, this study aims to find patterns of education in accordance with the legal awareness education for students penitentiary child. The research process was conducted based on the qualitative method, which is natural, descriptive, inductive, and discover the meaning of a phenomenon. Educator Qualifications research results that have a faithful and devoted personality, friendly, full of tenderness, acting as a parent, insightful, and empathy, positive impact on the development process; Development Planning combines the Bottom Up Top Down; Approach and method that combines coaching and religious functionalist models, through: the example (example), habituation and training, creation of favorable situation, discipline, implementing worship deeply, accelerate the process of coaching, Evaluation of Education in Prison, the need to involve the role students, families, and communities, thus serving as a feed back to the improvement of the quality of coaching in prison.

Keywords: education; awareness; law; child.
Course Management System’s Compatibility with Teaching Style Influences Willingness to Complete Training
Authors: Pereira Audrey Smith , Wahi Monika Maya
Published: March 2017

Although course management systems (CMSs) provide technology platforms that help faculty members adopt better techniques for teaching and learning, and training contributes to faculty information technology (IT) use, many higher education faculty members do not complete CMS training programs, resulting in underuse of CMSs. Therefore, the overall purpose of this research was to address how instructor perceptions influence willingness to complete IT training on CMSs, and to discern techniques university administrators can implement to improve training completion rates and, ultimately, CMS adoption rates. The basic design of the study was a cross-sectional survey. Data were obtained from 102 public university faculty members who responded to an anonymous, web-based survey about their perceptions of the relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability of their institution’s CMS. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression models. Compatibility, defined as the degree to which instructors perceive the CMS as being consistent with their existing values, past experiences, and current or future teaching needs, was statistically significantly associated with willingness to complete online and in-person CMS training after controlling for other factors. Major findings suggest that faculty training on the CMS is not “one size fits all.” If greater use of CMSs by faculty is to be achieved, university administrators should consider compatibility of teaching style with CMS adoption when developing and promoting CMS training.
Creating a Community of Inquiry in Large-Enrollment Online Courses: An Exploratory Study on the Effect of Protocols within Online Discussions
Authors: Chen Baiyun , DeNoyelles Aimee , Zydney Janet , Patton Kerry
Published: March 2017

It can be difficult to foster focused and effective communication in online discussions within large classes. Implementing protocols is a strategy that may help students communicate more effectively, facilitate their learning process, and improve the quality of their work within online discussions. In this exploratory research study, a protocol was developed and improved over two iterations in a very large undergraduate video-streaming business course (N1=412; N2=450). The discussion instructions were consolidated and adjusted, and design elements such as a grading rubric, exemplary student samples, and due date reminders were added in the second iteration. There were higher perceptions of social, cognitive, and teaching presences in the second iteration, as well as significantly more group cognition within the discussion measured through a Community of Inquiry coding template. Findings suggest that protocols are a potentially useful strategy to manage online discussions in large classes.
Online Learning Integrity Approaches: Current Practices and Future Solutions
Authors: Lee-Post Anita , Hapke Holly
Published: March 2017

The primary objective of this paper is to help institutions respond to the stipulation of the Higher Education Opportunity Act of 2008 by adopting cost-effective academic integrity solutions without compromising the convenience and flexibility of online learning. Current user authentication solutions such as user ID and password, security questions, voice recognition, or fingerprint identification are not infallible and may violate students’ rights to privacy or cause undue interruptions to their efforts in performing assessment tasks. Existing authentication solutions will be evaluated for their cost effectiveness in preventing fraud and cheating while ensuring learner identity and honesty. Emerging technologies in the form of biometrics, surveillance systems and predictive analytics will be examined to provide insights into the future of e-authentication for ensuring the academic integrity of online learning.
Examining the Effect of Proctoring on Online Test Scores
Authors: Alessio Helaine Mary , Malay Nancy J. , Maurer Karsten , Bailer A. John , Rubin Beth
Published: March 2017

Online education continues to grow, bringing opportunities and challenges for students and instructors. One challenge is the perception that academic integrity associated with online tests is compromised due to undetected cheating that yields artificially higher grades. To address these concerns, proctoring software has been developed to address and prevent academic dishonesty. The purpose of this study was to compare online test results from proctored versus unproctored online tests. Test performance of 147 students enrolled in multiple sections of an online course were compared using linear mixed effects models with nearly half the students having no proctoring and the remainder required to use online proctoring software. Students scored, on average, 17 points lower [95% CI: 14, 20] and used significantly less time in online tests that used proctoring software versus unproctored tests. Significant grade disparity and different time usage occurred on different exams, both across and within sections of the same course where some students used test proctoring software and others did not. Implications and suggestions for incorporating strategic interventions to address integrity, addressing disparate test scores, and validating student knowledge in online classes are discussed.
Exploring Small Group Analysis of Instructional Design Cases in Online Learning Environments
Authors: Trespalacios Jesus
Published: March 2017

The case-based approach is a constructivist instructional strategy that helps students apply their emerging knowledge by studying design problems in authentic real-world situations. One important instructional strategy in case-based instruction is to analyze cases in small groups before discussing them with the whole class. This study investigates the use of small-group structure to analyze case studies in online learning environments, as well as students’ perceptions of the use of VoiceThread presentations to improve their learning of instructional design. The results show that a small group strategy has great potential to help students analyze case studies and consequently enhance learning. The implications of these findings for instructional designers and online instructors are discussed.
Institutional Factors for Supporting Electronic Learning Communities
Authors: Linton Jayme N.
Published: March 2017

This study was designed to explore how the electronic learning community (eLC) process at an established state virtual high school (SVHS) supported new and veteran online high school teachers through the communities of practice (CoP) framework. Specifically, this study focused on the institutionally-driven nature of the eLC process, using Wenger’s CoP framework to analyze institutional factors that influenced the eLC process. Case study methods, including observation, interviews, and document analysis, were used to provide a rich and dynamic analysis of the eLC process in light of what research says about preparation and support for quality online teaching. While the institutionally-driven nature of the eLC process posed some barriers to alignment with the domain and community elements of the CoP framework, case study participants expressed that the eLC process impacted their practice and connected them to colleagues with which they could collaborate and problem solve. The use of strategies such as valuing the work of eLCs, removing barriers, and connecting the eLC process to the organizational strategy served to facilitate alignment with the CoP framework and overcome some of the potential disadvantages of an institutionally-driven eLC process.
Adapting for Scalability: Automating the Video Assessment of Instructional Learning
Authors: Roberts Amy M , LoCasale-Crouch Jennifer , Hamre Bridget K , Buckrop Jordan M
Published: March 2017

Although scalable programs, such as online courses, have the potential to reach broad audiences, they may pose challenges to evaluating learners’ knowledge and skills. Automated scoring offers a possible solution. In the current paper, we describe the process of creating and testing an automated means of scoring a validated measure of teachers’ observational skills, known as the Video Assessment of Instructional Learning (VAIL). Findings show that automated VAIL scores were consistently correlated with scores assigned by the hand scoring system. In addition, the automated VAIL replicated intervention effects found in the hand scoring system. The automated scoring technique appears to offer an efficient and reliable assessment. This study may offer additional insight into how to utilize similar techniques in other large-scale programs and interventions.
Responsible conflict reporting: Rethinking the role of journalism in Fiji and other troubled Pacific societies
Authors: Singh Shailendra
Published: March 2017

This article moots the idea of ‘responsible conflict reporting’ in Fiji and the South Pacific. Prolonged conflict, including three coups since 1987, has resulted in a pattern of social and economic decline in Fiji. In Melanesia as a whole, internal conflict is seen as a major security threat. The proposed responsible conflict reporting framework can be seen as a response to these longstanding trends and concerns. The framework is informed by various concepts in conflict resolution, peace-building, peace journalism and development journalism. By fusing the appropriate themes from these related but disparate frameworks, responsible conflict reporting goes beyond typical media interventions that focus mostly on current ‘hot conflicts’ without adequately addressing their long-term, structural causes.
Constitution-making in a stifled democracy: A case study of self-censorship perpetuating propaganda in Fiji
Authors: Bhim Mosmi
Published: March 2017

Fiji is preparing for general elections in 2014 by when the country will have been under military rule for eight years. A process of constitution-making began in mid-2012 and a new Constitution should be available by 2013. Citizens and the media continue to practise self-censorship and the military regime continues to remind citizens that they would crack down harshly on ‘trouble-makers’. In the same breath, the regime has promised the international community that the process for constitution-making will be free, fair, participatory and transparent. This article, through analysis of media reporting, will examine whether current self-censorship by media is aiding the constitution-making process, and if indeed, self-censorship is promoting peace? Through an analysis of the work of the Constitution Commission, the article will analyse the extent of participation of citizens in the context of a stifled democracy.
Constructing ‘dark’ celebrity: The case of Anders Breivik
Authors: Drageset Daniel
Published: March 2017

This article finds that there were differences in selected Norwegian and international media coverage of Norwegian mass murderer Anders Behring Breivik following the 22 July 2011 killings in Oslo and Utøya Island. The Norwegian media coverage resembles Nossek’s notion of news media assuming a national-patriotic coverage after a domestic terror attack, whereas the international media coverage more closely adhered to Galtung and Ruge’s news value of ‘unambiguity’ with the portrayal of Breivik being consonant with the pre-image of him as an antagonist. As the traditional notions of fame and celebrity are conflating with infamy and the ‘dark celebrity’, it is argued that the ‘demonising’ frame employed by US and UK media in particular in the findings of this article contribute in elevating Anders Behring Breivik to celebrity status.
REVIEW: Help at hand to navigate legal minefields
Authors: Harrington Stephen
Published: March 2017

Over recent years in Australia we have seen a number of big stories emerge which highlight the difficult legal positions in which journalists too often find themselves. One of the biggest was Gina Rinehart’s attempts in Western Australia to have journalists reveal their sources for stories which were published regarding the legal battles she had been fighting against her own children. Another involved the 2009 counter-terrorism operations in Victoria that were apparently reported, somewhat controversially, on the front page of The Australian several hours before they had occurred. While, a third case was what Australian Twitter users dubbed the #TwitDef saga, where The Australian’s editor-in-chief Chris Mitchell claimed that he had been defamed by Australian journalism academic Julie Posetti, who had simply tweeted what a former News Corp journalist had said publically during the 2010 JEAA conference.
REVIEW: Local focus is a plus
Authors: Strong Catherine
Published: March 2017

After reading dozens of journalism textbooks to find one for our introductory students, I was relieved to find So You Want to be a Journalist? Unplugged. Unlike others in the education marketplace this year, it is straight-forward, practical, and more importantly, it focuses specifically on Australia and New Zealand. Students will be engaged with local examples, case studies, and newsroom practices.