bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anxiété et mécanismes d’adaptation spécifiques à la grossesse ; une étude longitudinale et qualitative
Authors: Reeves Nicole , Pelletier Virginie , Schauder Claude , Thériault Jeanne , Wendland Jaqueline
Published: April 2016

Cet article présente les résultats d’une étude longitudinale qualitative sur l’anxiété et les mécanismes d’adaptation spécifiques à la grossesse. Les entretiens de onze participantes rencontrées chacune aux trois trimestres de la grossesse ont été soumis à une analyse de contenu. Au-delà des thématiques identifiées propres à chaque trimestre, l’analyse révèle que la peur de perdre le contrôle, l’hypervigilance tout comme les préoccupations relatives à l’expérience corporelle participent à donner à l’anxiété durant la grossesse son caractère spécifique. Les mécanismes d’adaptation privilégiés durant la grossesse sont décrits. Les implications cliniques de ces constats sont discutées.
La diplomatie par les jeux à Mayotte
Authors: Chanfi Idriss Mohamed , Duflo Marie
Published: April 2016

Si les grands événements sportifs sont l’occasion de l’exacerbation du sentiment national, ils peuvent également être un outil au service de la diplomatie qu’elle joue sur les rapports de forces ou qu’elle vise l’apaisement. Illustration avec les Jeux des îles de l’océan Indien dans lesquels s’affrontent la France et l’Union des Comores.
La Fête-Dieu à Colmar à la fin du Moyen Âge
Authors: Kehr Monique Debus
Published: April 2016

La Fête-Dieu, célébrée tous les ans le jeudi après la fête de la Trinité, est instaurée en 1264 par la bulle Transiturus de hoc mundo du pape Urbain IV. À Colmar, à la fin du Moyen Âge, cette fête et la procession qui l’accompagne sont le privilège de la paroisse Saint-Martin et l’un des événements majeurs de l’année liturgique. Elles réunissent les membres des couvents et du clergé, ainsi que les corps constitués de la ville. Deux sources essentielles, la « Kirchenordnung » de 1556, de François d’Apponex, et un sermon du diacre protestant Joachim Klein, prononcé le 4 juin 1667, nous permettent d’entrer dans le détail de la fête. Elles relatent le déroulement des offices de ce jour, le tracé de la procession au cœur de la ville et son décorum, indiquent son importance sacrée et sociale, son interdiction, enfin, lorsque la Réforme est introduite à Colmar en 1575.
Marseillaise, paradis tricolore et drapeaux par milliers
Authors: Schmauch Joseph
Published: April 2016

La signature de l’Armistice du 11 novembre 1918 et la perspective du retour à la France s’accompagnent d’une vague de festivités inédite en Alsace. L’entrée dans les villes des généraux français, ou encore la visite du président de la République, sont l’occasion de cortèges militaires et de réceptions officielles. Ces événements s’inscrivent dans le droit fil de manifestations semblables observées pendant la guerre, lors de l’éphémère conquête de Mulhouse en août 1914 ou dans le cadre de l’administration française des vallées de la Thur et de la Doller. Ces journées comportent une dimension spontanée dont témoigne l’implication massive et volontaire des populations : au sortir d’une guerre longue, la fête permet d’exorciser un passé récent douloureux et offre aux populations une perspective d’avenir prometteuse. Elle permet aussi aux Alsaciens, qui ont vécu la guerre du côté allemand, de s’approprier un ensemble de rituels républicains, participant ainsi d’une découverte réciproque. L’unanimité n’est cependant pas totale : les nombreux démobilisés de l’armée allemande sont absents des réceptions et, les réjouissances à peine terminées, apparaissent déjà les premiers signes du « malaise alsacien ».
Projecting malaria hazard from climate change in eastern Africa using large ensembles to estimate uncertainty
Authors: Leedale Joseph , Tompkins Adrian M. , Caminade Cyril , Jones Anne E. , Nikulin Grigory , Morse Andrew P.
Published: April 2016

The effect of climate change on the spatiotemporal dynamics of malaria transmission is studied using an unprecedented ensemble of climate projections, employing three diverse bias correction and downscaling techniques, in order to partially account for uncertainty in climate- driven malaria projections. These large climate ensembles drive two dynamical and spatially explicit epidemiological malaria models to provide future hazard projections for the focus region of eastern Africa. While the two malaria models produce very distinct transmission patterns for the recent climate, their response to future climate change is similar in terms of sign and spatial distribution, with malaria transmission moving to higher altitudes in the East African Community (EAC) region, while transmission reduces in lowland, marginal transmission zones such as South Sudan. The climate model ensemble generally projects warmer and wetter conditions over EAC. The simulated malaria response appears to be driven by temperature rather than precipitation effects. This reduces the uncertainty due to the climate models, as precipitation trends in tropical regions are very diverse, projecting both drier and wetter conditions with the current state-of-the-art climate model ensemble. The magnitude of the projected changes differed considerably between the two dynamical malaria models, with one much more sensitive to climate change, highlighting that uncertainty in the malaria projections is also associated with the disease modelling approach.
The religious lives of students at a South African university
Authors: Nell Werner
Published: April 2016

Whilst significant research has been conducted on religious affiliation and on general levels of religiosity in the South African context, few studies specifically investigated the religious lives of South African university students in a comprehensive way. This is unfortunate as such research could significantly inform and support the effectiveness of youth and student ministries. As such, this article explored the religious lives of students at a university in the Gauteng province of South Africa, focusing specifically on students’ self-assessed religiosity, the maturity of their religious attitudes, their spiritual well-being, the religious practices in which they engage and the relationship between such practices and their spiritual well-being. Gender, racial and religious differences concerning these variables were also investigated. Data were collected from 356 undergraduate students by means of a structured survey consisting of the Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire, the Religious Fundamentalism Scale and two other scales aimed at assessing religiosity and religious practices. Results indicated that 98.9% of participants were religious with the majority (86.9%) being Christian. Generally, students espoused highly fundamentalist religious attitudes but had high levels of spiritual well-being. Prayer and virtual or in-person attendance of religious gatherings such as church services were the most prevalent religious practices whereas fasting and meditation were practiced least. All practices were positively correlated with students’ spiritual well-being. Based on these findings, the article concludes with several specific, practical recommendations relevant to student ministries and those working with university students in religious contexts.
Parabolic Obstacle Problem with Measurable Data in Generalized Morrey Spaces
Authors: Byun Sun-Sig , Softova Lubomira G.
Published: April 2016

We study the global regularity in generalized Morrey spaces of the solutions to variational inequality and obstacle problem related to divergence form parabolic operator in bounded non-smooth domain. We impose minimal regularity conditions as to the coefficients of the operator so also to the boundary of the domain.
An Existence Result for Fractional Kirchhoff-Type Equations
Authors: Molica Bisci Giovanni , Tulone Francesco
Published: April 2016

The aim of this paper is to study a class of nonlocal fractional Laplacian equations of Kirchhoff-type. More precisely, by using an appropriate analytical context on fractional Sobolev spaces, we establish the existence of one non-trivial weak solution for nonlocal fractional problems exploiting suitable variational methods.
A Rigorous Interpretation of Approximate Computations of Embedded Eigenfrequencies of Water Waves
Authors: Nazarov Sergei A. , Ruotsalainen Keijo M.
Published: April 2016

In this paper, we will investigate embedded eigenvalues in the framework of the linearized theory of water waves. We assume that an approximation of an embedded eigenvalue is provided. To the question, whether there is a trapped mode near the computed solution, we provide an affirmative answer.

We will prove that, under certain assumptions on the data for a water wave problem in an infinite channel

\Omega^0

, the result

\lambda^{0}

of the numerical computation can be justified as follows: if the computational error

\varepsilon

is sufficiently small, there exists a water domain

\Omega^\varepsilon

which is a local regular perturbation of

\Omega^0

and has an eigenvalue

\lambda^\varepsilon \in [\lambda^0 - c \varepsilon,\, \lambda^0 + c\varepsilon]

embedded in the continuous spectrum. This conclusion is made by means of an asymptotic analysis of the augmented scattering matrix, whose properties guarantee a sufficient condition for the existence of trapped mode.
Нули комбинаций функций Бесселя и средний заряд графеновых наноточек
Authors: Beneventano C Gabriela , Fialkovskii Ignat V , Santangelo E M
Published: April 2016

Установлены некоторые свойства нулей сумм и разностей последовательных функций Бесселя первого рода. При этом доказано, что нули производных функций Бесселя первого рода разных порядков упорядочены так же, как и нули самих функций Бесселя. В качестве физической мотивации рассмотрены графеновые наноточки с затвором и граничными условиями Берри-Мондрагона. Найдены разрешенные энергетические уровни и вычислен средний заряд при нулевой температуре. Подробно обсуждается его зависимость от запирающего (химического) потенциала. Также обсуждается влияние температуры.
Высокочастотное спектральное распределение энергии равновесного излучения в плазме
Authors: Bobrov Viktor Borisovich , Triger Sergei Aleksandrovich
Published: April 2016

Установлено, что в области высоких частот отличие спектрального распределения энергии равновесного излучения в веществе от формулы Планка определяется мнимой частью поперечной диэлектрической проницаемости вещества. На этой основе показано, что в разреженной высокотемпературной полностью ионизованной нерелятивистской плазме высокочастотное спектральное распределение энергии равновесного излучения принципиально отличается от формулы Планка в силу степенного характера убывания по частоте, что обусловлено наличием вещества.
Продольный электрический ток в столкновительной плазме, генерируемый поперечным электромагнитным полем
Authors: Latyshev Anatolii Vasil'evich , Yushkanov Aleksandr Alekseevich
Published: April 2016

Рассматривается столкновительная плазма с произвольной степенью вырождения электронного газа. Плазма находится во внешнем электромагнитном поле. Требуется определить электрический ток, генерируемый в плазме электромагнитным полем. Показано, что электрический ток имеет две ненулевые компоненты. Одна компонента представляет собой поперечный ток, получаемый при линейном анализе. Вторая компонента представляет собой продольный ток, направленный вдоль волнового вектора и ортогональный поперечному току. Исследован случай малых волновых чисел. Когда частота столкновений стремится к нулю, все полученные формулы переходят в формулы, известные для бесстолкновительной плазмы. Проводится графическое исследование безразмерной плотности тока в зависимости от волнового числа, частоты колебаний электромагнитного поля и частоты столкновений электронов с частицами плазмы.
Мультикритериальный алгоритм глобального поиска минимума в задаче оптимизации реактивного силового поля
Authors: Stepanova Margarita Mikhailovna , Shefov Konstantin Sergeevich , Slavyanov Sergei Yur'evich
Published: April 2016

Представлен новый мультикритериальный алгоритм глобального поиска минимума. Выполнена проверка его работоспособности на функциях Растригина и Михалевича. Обсуждается выбор целевой функции и дополнительных критериев поиска применительно к задаче оптимизации потенциала ReaxFF (Reactive Force Field). Рассматривается способ упорядочения всех параметров по степени их влияния на целевую функцию.
Spatiotemporal variations in atmospheric aerosols in East Asia: Identifying local pollutants and transported Asian aerosols in Osaka, Japan using DRAGON
Authors: Nakata Makiko , Sano Itaru , Mukai Sonoyo , Holben Brent N.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. In this work, we document the spatial and temporal variations of atmospheric aerosols in East Asia, specifically focusing on the NASA/AERONET-Osaka site in March 2012 during the AERONET “DRAGON-Japan” campaign. Air pollution has become a serious issue in East Asia in recent years, with particular problems caused by fine particles having diameters of up to 2.5 μm (PM2.5). Emissions of anthropogenic aerosols are known to increase with economic growth, whereas natural dust concentrations show significant variation with season and changing wind patterns. We focus on variations in the mass concentrations of particulate matter (PM) gathered by a sampler (SPM-613D) at the NASA/AERONET-Osaka site in March 2012, and have compositionally analyzed individual PM types using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX). Our data show that Asian aerosols derived from distal sources were unequivocally detected in Japan on 11th March 2012. Such pollutants can be carried by winds from continental China and subsequently merge with local emissions, thus accentuating air pollution problems.
First tephrostratigraphic results of the DEEP site record from Lake Ohrid (Macedonia and Albania)
Authors: Leicher Niklas , Zanchetta Giovanni , Sulpizio Roberto , Giaccio Biagio , Wagner Bernd , Nomade Sebastien , Francke Alexander , Del Carlo Paola
Published: April 2016

Abstract. A tephrostratigraphic record covering the Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 1–15 was established for the DEEP site record of Lake Ohrid (Macedonia and Albania). Major element analyses (energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and wavelength-dispersive spectroscopy (WDS)) were carried out on juvenile fragments extracted from 12 tephra layers (OH-DP-0115 to OH-DP-2060). The geochemical analyses of the glass shards of all of these layers suggest an origin in the Italian volcanic provinces. They include the Y-3 (OH-DP-0115, 26.68–29.42 ka cal BP), the Campanian Ignimbrite–Y-5 (OH-DP-0169, 39.6 ± 0.1 ka), and the X-6 (OH-DP-0404, 109 ± 2 ka) from the Campanian volcanoes, the P-11 of Pantelleria (OH-DP-0499, 133.5 ± 2 ka), the Vico B (OH-DP-0617, 162 ± 6 ka) from the Vico volcano, the Pozzolane Rosse (OH-DP-1817, 457 ± 2 ka) and the Tufo di Bagni Albule (OH-DP-2060, 527 ± 2 ka) from the Colli Albani volcanic district, and the Fall A (OH-DP-2010, 496 ± 3 ka) from the Sabatini volcanic field. Furthermore, a comparison of the Ohrid record with tephrostratigraphic records of mid-distal archives related to the Mediterranean area allowed the recognition of the equivalents of other less known tephra layers, such as the TM24a–POP2 (OH-DP-0404, 102 ± 2 ka) recognized in the Lago Grande di Monticchio and the Sulmona Basin, the CF-V5–PRAD3225 (OH-DP-0624, ca. 163 ± 22 ka) identified in the Campo Felice Basin and the Adriatic Sea, the SC5 (OH-DP-1955, 493.1 ± 10.9 ka) recognized in the Mercure Basin, and the A11/12 (OH-DP-2017, 511 ± 6 ka) sampled at the Acerno Basin, whose specific volcanic sources are still poorly constrained. Additionally, one cryptotephra (OH-DP-0027) was identified by correlation of the potassium X-ray flourescence (XRF) intensities from the DEEP site with those from a short core of a previous study from Lake Ohrid. In these cores, a maximum in potassium is caused by glass shards, which were correlated with the Mercato tephra (8.43–8.63 ka cal BP) from Somma–Vesuvius. The tephrostratigraphic work presented here allows, for the first time, the extension of a consistent part of the Middle Pleistocene tephrostratigraphy of Italian volcanoes as far as the Balkans. The establishment of the tephrostratigraphic framework for the Lake Ohrid record provides important, independent tie points for the age–depth model of the DEEP site sequence, which is a prerequisite for palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. Furthermore, this age–depth model will help to improve and re-evaluate the chronology of other, both undated and dated tephra layers from other records. Thus, the Lake Ohrid record may potentially become the template for the central Mediterranean tephrostratigraphy, especially for the hitherto poorly known and explored lower Middle Pleistocene period.
Sea Ice Model Intercomparison Project (SIMIP): Understanding sea ice through climate-model simulations
Authors: Notz Dirk , Jahn Alexandra , Holland Marika , Hunke Elizabeth , Massonnet François , Stroeve Julienne , Tremblay Bruno , Vancoppenolle Martin
Published: April 2016

Abstract. A better understanding of the role of sea ice for the changing climate of our planet is the central aim of the diagnostic CMIP6 Sea-Ice Model Intercomparison Project (SIMIP). To reach this aim, SIMIP requests sea-ice related variables from climate-model simulations that allow for a better understanding, and ultimately improvement, of biases and errors in sea-ice simulations with large-scale climate models. This then allows us to better understand to what degree CMIP6 model simulations relate to reality, thus improving our confidence in answering sea-ice related questions based on these simulations. Furthermore, the SIMIP protocol provides a standard for sea-ice model output that will streamline and hence simplify the analysis of the simulated sea-ice evolution in research projects independent of CMIP. To reach its aims, SIMIP provides a structured list of model output that allows an examination of the three main budgets that govern the evolution of sea ice, namely the heat budget, the momentum budget and the mass budget. In this contribution, we explain the aims of SIMIP in more detail and outline how its design allows us to answer some of the most pressing questions that sea ice still poses to the international climate-research community.
Combined fluvial and pluvial urban flood hazard analysis: concept development and application to Can Tho city, Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Apel Heiko , Martínez Trepat Oriol , Hung Nguyen Nghia , Chinh Do Thi , Merz Bruno , Dung Nguyen Viet
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Many urban areas experience both fluvial and pluvial floods, because locations next to rivers are preferred settlement areas and the predominantly sealed urban surface prevents infiltration and facilitates surface inundation. The latter problem is enhanced in cities with insufficient or non-existent sewer systems. While there are a number of approaches to analyse either a fluvial or pluvial flood hazard, studies of a combined fluvial and pluvial flood hazard are hardly available. Thus this study aims to analyse a fluvial and a pluvial flood hazard individually, but also to develop a method for the analysis of a combined pluvial and fluvial flood hazard. This combined fluvial–pluvial flood hazard analysis is performed taking Can Tho city, the largest city in the Vietnamese part of the Mekong Delta, as an example. In this tropical environment the annual monsoon triggered floods of the Mekong River, which can coincide with heavy local convective precipitation events, causing both fluvial and pluvial flooding at the same time. The fluvial flood hazard was estimated with a copula-based bivariate extreme value statistic for the gauge Kratie at the upper boundary of the Mekong Delta and a large-scale hydrodynamic model of the Mekong Delta. This provided the boundaries for 2-dimensional hydrodynamic inundation simulation for Can Tho city. The pluvial hazard was estimated by a peak-over-threshold frequency estimation based on local rain gauge data and a stochastic rainstorm generator. Inundation for all flood scenarios was simulated by a 2-dimensional hydrodynamic model implemented on a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) for time-efficient flood propagation modelling. The combined fluvial–pluvial flood scenarios were derived by adding rainstorms to the fluvial flood events during the highest fluvial water levels. The probabilities of occurrence of the combined events were determined assuming independence of the two flood types and taking the seasonality and probability of coincidence into account. All hazards – fluvial, pluvial and combined – were accompanied by an uncertainty estimation taking into account the natural variability of the flood events. This resulted in probabilistic flood hazard maps showing the maximum inundation depths for a selected set of probabilities of occurrence, with maps showing the expectation (median) and the uncertainty by percentile maps. The results are critically discussed and their usage in flood risk management are outlined.
Biased thermohaline exchanges with the Arctic across the Iceland–Faroe Ridge in ocean climate models
Authors: Olsen S. M. , Hansen B. , Østerhus S. , Quadfasel D. , Valdimarsson H.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. The northern limb of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation and its transport of heat and salt towards the Arctic strongly modulate the climate of the Northern Hemisphere. The presence of warm surface waters prevents ice formation in parts of the Arctic Mediterranean, and ocean heat is directly available for sea-ice melt, while salt transport may be critical for the stability of the exchanges. Through these mechanisms, ocean heat and salt transports play a disproportionally strong role in the climate system, and realistic simulation is a requisite for reliable climate projections. Across the Greenland–Scotland Ridge (GSR) this occurs in three well-defined branches where anomalies in the warm and saline Atlantic inflow across the shallow Iceland–Faroe Ridge (IFR) have been shown to be particularly difficult to simulate in global ocean models. This branch (IF-inflow) carries about 40 % of the total ocean heat transport into the Arctic Mediterranean and is well constrained by observation during the last 2 decades but associated with significant inter-annual fluctuations. The inconsistency between model results and observational data is here explained by the inability of coarse-resolution models to simulate the overflow across the IFR (IF-overflow), which feeds back onto the simulated IF-inflow. In effect, this is reduced in the model to reflect only the net exchange across the IFR. Observational evidence is presented for a substantial and persistent IF-overflow and mechanisms that qualitatively control its intensity. Through this, we explain the main discrepancies between observed and simulated exchange. Our findings rebuild confidence in modelled net exchange across the IFR, but reveal that compensation of model deficiencies here through other exchange branches is not effective. This implies that simulated ocean heat transport to the Arctic is biased low by more than 10 % and associated with a reduced level of variability, while the quality of the simulated salt transport becomes critically dependent on the link between IF-inflow and IF-overflow. These features likely affect sensitivity and stability of climate models to climate change and limit the predictive skill.
Insights on high-grade deformation in quartzo-feldspathic gneisses during the early Variscan exhumation of the Cabo Ortegal nappe, NW Iberia
Authors: Fernández Francisco José , Llana-Fúnez Sergio , Valverde-Vaquero Pablo , Marcos Alberto , Castiñeiras Pedro
Published: April 2016

Abstract. High-grade, highly deformed gneisses crop out continuously along the Masanteo peninsula and constitute the upper part of the lower crustal section in the Cabo Ortegal nappe (NW Spain). The rock sequence formed by migmatitic quartzo-feldspathic (qz-fsp) gneisses and mafic rocks records the early Ordovician (ca. 480–488 Ma) injection of felsic dioritic/granodioritic dykes at the base of the qz-fsp gneisses, and Devonian eclogitization (ca. 390.4 ± 1.2 Ma), prior to its exhumation. A SE-vergent ductile thrust constitutes the base of quartzo-feldspathic gneissic unit, incorporating mafic eclogite blocks within migmatitic gneisses. A NW-vergent detachment displaced metasedimentary qz-fsp gneisses over the migmatites. A difference in metamorphic pressure of ca. 0.5 GPa is estimated between both gneissic units. The tectono-metamorphic relationships of the basal ductile thrust and the normal detachment bounding the top of the migmatites indicate that both discrete mechanical contacts were active before the recumbent folding affecting the sequence of gneisses during their final emplacement. The progressive tectonic exhumation from eclogite to greenschist facies conditions occurred over ca. 10 Ma and involved bulk thinning of the high-grade rock sequence in the high pressure and high temperature (HP–HT) Cabo Ortegal nappe. The necessary strain was accommodated by the development of a widespread main foliation, dominated by flattening, that subsequently localized to a network of anastomosing shear bands that evolved to planar shear zones. Qz-fsp gneisses and neighbouring mafic granulites were exhumed at > 3 mm yr−1, and the exhumation path involved a cooling of  ∼  20 °C/100 MPa, These figures are comparable to currently active subduction zones, although exhumation P–T trajectory and ascent rates are at the hotter and slower end in comparison with currently active similar settings, suggesting an extremely ductile deformation environment during the exhumation of qz-fsp gneisses within a coherent Cabo Ortegal nappe.
Snow fracture in relation to slab avalanche release: critical state for the onset of crack propagation
Authors: Gaume Johan , van Herwijnen Alec , Chambon Guillaume , Wever Nander , Schweizer Jürg
Published: April 2016

Abstract. The failure of a weak snow layer buried below cohesive slab layers is a necessary, but insufficient condition for the release of a dry-snow slab avalanche. The size of the crack in the weak layer must also exceed a critical length to propagate over a wide surface. In contrast to pioneering shear-based approaches, recent developments account for weak layer collapse and allow for better explaining typical observations of remote triggering from flat areas. However, these new models predict a critical length for crack propagation that is almost independent of slope angle, a rather surprising and counterintuitive result. Our new mechanical model reconciles past approaches by considering for the first time the complex interplay between slab elasticity and the mechanical behaviour of the weak layer including its structural collapse. The crack begins to propagate when the stress induced by slab loading and deformation at the crack tip exceeds the limit given by the failure envelope of the weak layer. We are able to reproduce crack propagation on flat terrain and the decrease in critical length with slope angle modeled in numerical experiments. The good agreement of our new model with extensive field data and its successful implementation in the snow cover model SNOWPACK opens promising prospect towards improving avalanche forecasting.
The Impact of Microteaching on Professional Competencies of Pre-Service Teachers of Students with Learning Disabilities
Authors: AL-Salahat Mohammad Mousa , Saleem Suhib Saleem
Published: April 2016

The aim of the present study was to examine the impact of microteaching on professional competence among four pre-service student teachers enrolled in the program of special education for students of learning disabilities in the Faculty of Education. The researchers indicated the theoretical conceptions of professional competencies, pre-service training, practicum in learning disabilities, and microteaching. The study conducted through three stages: baseline, intervention, and follow up. The researchers used a checklist as the tool of the study. The study was conducted during the field training of the subjects as they were asked to prepare and carry out the entire individual teaching lesson in the resource rooms affiliated to the public education schools. Microteaching sessions were also administrated at the university campus in Najran. The results of the study indicated significant improvements in the professional competencies among the four pre- service students as it was moderate at baseline (68%) for the four participating pre-service students. The subjects maintained the targeted skills in one measurement and after two weeks of the study (89%) indicating the significance of the microteaching in developing pre- service teachers required skills.
Comparing connection to theory in Bachelor's theses: Old research university versus new regional university college
Authors: Alatalo Juha M.
Published: April 2016

Quality of higher education is often assumed to be linked to the size of the faculty. Therefore, this study tested the hypothesis whether Bachelor's theses in ecology at a large, old research university would have more connection to theory than those at a small, young university college. The results revealed no significant difference between the universities. One potential explanation for these results is that theory is more likely to depend on the individual supervisor who may demand a clear connection to theory in Bachelor's theses. However, in the group of theses categorized as without a clear connection to theory, there were significant differences between the two universities regarding whether students were testing/developing a method or performing a case study. At the large, well-equipped research university, Bachelor's theses were significantly more likely to be based on developing/testing methods, while those at the university college more often comprised inexpensive case studies. Further studies including more universities of contrasting sizes, across countries and disciplines, are required to test the general validity of the findings.
Deformación del Pico en el Caracara Común (Caracara cheriway), Tratamiento y Recuperación
Authors: Aceituno Francisco
Published: April 2016

Se reporta el registro de un caracara común (Caracara cheriway) con una deformación en el pico. El ave fue recibida en el Zoológico Rosy Walther en Tegucigalpa, Honduras. Esta anormalidad del pico no permitía que el ave se alimentara de forma normal ya que  la maxila  medía 12.5 cm y la mandíbula 5.5 cm. No se determinó la causa específica de la deformación. Al ave la mantuvieron ilegalmente como mascota y generalmente en estas condiciones la alimentación ofrecida a las especies no suple sus requerimientos alimenticios y  puede provocar este tipo de deformaciones. Para tratar esta deformación se utilizó una herramienta Dremel, lo que permitió corregir la forma y el  tamaño del pico.
Examining the Impact of Micro Silica Gel Additive on the Compressive Strength and Water Absorption of Roller Compacted Concrete Pavement
Authors: Barati Rouholla , Ali Sahaf Seyed , Jamshidi Mehdi , Razazpor Alireza
Published: April 2016

Roller compacted concrete pavement (RCCP) is one of the different types of concrete pavements which is considered as a new developing technology due to its rapid installation. However, RCCP is difficult to install in high thickness; therefore, it is essential to reduce the thickness of pavement while maintaining strength. Flexural strength and fatigue resistance are the most important parameters effective on design of thick pavements. These parameters are directly related to uniaxial compressive strength of concrete. Hence, this study determines and evaluates the compressive strength of 7-day and 28-day specimens. Given the durability of concrete pavements, particularly their penetrability against water, corrosive materials and minerals, the most important parameter is to reduce water absorption of RCCP. In order to increase strength and reduce water absorption of RCCP, different additives as well as a proper mix design can be significantly effective. This study examines the effect of various mix designs and different percentages of micro silica gel on RCCP. The suggested mix design is continuous aggregation and addition of 7% micro silica gel, which increases strength and durability of RCCP.
An Application of WEAP Model in Water Resources Management Considering the Environmental Scenarios and Economic Assessment Case Study: Hirmand Catchment
Authors: Sardar Shahraki Ali , Shahraki Javad , Hashemi Monfared Seyed Arman
Published: April 2016

Hirmand catchment is one of the important trans boundary catchment in Iran. Sistan people living in south east Iran related to this catchment. Meanwhile drought of the last two decades, due to dust storms jeopardized the Human health. Also, causing destroyed vegetation cover and animal habitat in region. The first objective of the present study is water resources management under environmental scenarios using the WEAP model in Hirmand catchment. In study, dust stabilization and animal-plant sustainable ecosystem scenarios have been applied. The second objective is economic assessment of defined scenarios. According to the results, average total demand in dust stabilization and animal-plant sustainable ecosystem scenarios increased about 238 and 231 million cubic meters compared to the current account, respectively. Also, unmet demand compared to the current account increased 193 and 200 million cubic meters, approximately. According to the economic assessment calculations, benefit in dust stabilization scenario 160 milliards rials and in animal-plant sustainable ecosystem scenario 209 milliards rials decreased in agriculture sector. Therefore, despite the decline in benefit, in policy making and water resources management should be special attention to protect the environment wetlands.
The Treatment of High Concentration Dyeing Wastewater with Pulsed Current Electrocoagulation
Authors: Wang Jun , Tan Hong Cheng , Zhang Yong Liang , Pan Yong Zhang
Published: April 2016

In this study, a small pulsed current electrocoagulation device was used to treat high concentration dyeing wastewater from a specific dyeing mill, and the effects of the electrode materials, reaction time, voltage, pH value, and aeration on the results of the treatment were examined. The results showed that under the following operational conditions: electrode materials were iron electrodes, time period was 15 min, voltage was 120 V, and initial pH was approximately 6, the removal rates of the COD, ammonia nitrogen, and color were 79.45%, 23.89%, and 87.50%, respectively. On this basis, a pulsed current electrocoagulation device, with a handling capacity of 0.5 m3/h, was used to conduct a pilot plant test for a period of one month. The results showed that the effluent quality (COD 1217.4 mg/L and NH4+-N 358.2 mg/L on average) of the high-concentration dyeing wastewater, whose COD and NH4+-N concentrations were 5328 mg/L, 595 mg/L, respectively after the treatment of a pulsed current electrocoagulation reactor, was superior to the effluent quality (COD 1400 mg/L and NH4+-N 450 mg/L) of the mill’s actual pre-treatment system (flocculation-anaerobic treatment-acidification), and fully reached the influent requirements of the subsequent aerobic treatment. The results of this study showed that pulsed current electrocoagulation reactors may be effectively used for the pre-treatment of high concentration dyeing wastewater due to the observed advantages, such as good treatment effects, small investment, and economical space occupation.
Pluralismo plural en la concepción de Wittgenstein sobre seguir una regla
Authors: Pérez Otero Manuel
Published: April 2016

Wittgenstein defiende una concepción pluralista sobre el seguimiento de reglas: es imposible que hubiera una única vez en que alguien siguiera una regla. Con frecuencia se le ha atribuido esa tesis porque es una consecuencia plausible de una concepción comunitarista que tal vez también propugna: es imposible que hubiera un único sujeto que siguiera alguna regla. En este artículo identifico una motivación diferente que Wittgenstein puede tener para sostener la concepción pluralista; es una motivación relacionada con la vaguedad de los procesos conducentes a adquirir la condición de seguidores de una regla.
A Multidimensional Approach to Social Support: The Questionnaire on the Frequency of and Satisfaction with Social Support (QFSSS)
Authors: García-Martín Miguel Ángel , Hombrados-Mendieta Isabel , Gómez-Jacinto Luis
Published: April 2016

The Questionnaire on the Frequency of and Satisfaction with Social Support (QFSSS) was designed to assess the frequency of and the degree of satisfaction with perceived social support received from different sources in relation to three types of support: emotional, informational and instrumental. This study tested the reliability of the questionnaire and its criterion and structural validity. The data were drawn from survey interviews of 2042 Spanish people. The results show high internal consistency (values of Cronbach’s alpha range from .763 to .952). The correlational analysis showed significant positive associations between QFSSS scores and measures of subjective well-being and perceived social support, as well as significant negative associations with measures of loneliness (Pearson’s r correlation range from .11 to .97). Confirmatory factor analysis by Structural Equation Modeling suggested an internal 4-factor structure that corresponds to the sources of support analyzed: partner, family, friends and community (values for the Goodness of Fit Index (GFI) range from .93 to .95; for the Comparative Fit Index (CFI) range from .95 to .98; for Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) range from .10 to .07). These results confirm the QFSSS validity as a versatile tool, suitable for the detailed assessment of social support.
Diferencias entre coeficientes alfa de Cronbach, con muestras y partes pequeñas: Un programa VB
Authors: Merino-Soto César
Published: April 2016

This paper presenting a computer program written in VB 6.0, to calculate the difference between internal consistency coefficients (Cronbach’s alpha) obtained in independent small samples and with instruments have a small number of parts or items. The comparison of reliability coefficients allow to identify possible differences in amount of measurement error in instruments; this methodology use the hypothesis testing approach for test the null hypothesis of equally reliability coefficients. This situation is tending to be common in clinical practice between psychologists or allied career, and even in the construction phases of instruments of measurement, for example in pilot samples. The proposed technique is from the work of Feldt and Kim (2006), and offers a viable and interesting methodological proposal that expands the analysis of the reliability of instruments of psychological and educational measurement.
Hacia una construcción de una concepción psico-sociocultural de niñas y jóvenes mexicanas en situación de calle: Una aproximación cualitativa
Authors: Castaños-Cervantes Susana , Sánchez-Sosa Juan J.
Published: April 2016

Homeless women are one of the most vulnerable groups worldwide since they are victims of labor and sexual exploitation, abuse, discrimination and marginalization at a higher rate than the rest of the population. However, currently, Mexico lacks of an accurate definition of such social group, and their characteristics as well as the magnitude and dimensions of the phenomenon are only partially and superficially known. The purpose of this research was to develop and validate a typology of homeless women living in Mexico City. To fulfill this purpose, 300 in-depth interviews were conducted and examined thoroughly with a systematic analysis of the content. The main results indicate that homeless women constitute a social group immersed predominantly in circumstances of violence, marginalization, poverty and social exclusion. Also, this collective includes two subgroups: women at risk of homelessness and women emergency sheltered, unsheltered or absolutely homeless and living in places not intended for human habitation. With this typology it is possible to define, characterize and distinguish homeless women. In addition, the phenomenon can be known with more certainty and accuracy enabling, thus, the design of effective treatment strategies.
Las preferencias participativas del profesorado de educación física en su actividad profesional
Authors: Barriopedro Maria Isabel , Ruiz-Perez Luis Miguel , Gómez-Ruano Miguel Ángel , Rico Isabel
Published: April 2016

Nowadays the collaborative learning environments have been promoted by the physical education teachers as the best way for decreasing teaching problems independently of teachers’ personal achievements. The aim of the present study was to develop a scale for physical education teachers about social interactions preferences in the workplace environment. Based on the scale GR developed by Ruiz et al. (2010), the multi-sample confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the equivalence measure between years of experience and gender. The participants were 1413 Spanish physical education teachers. The final scale was composed of the 4 initial dimensions: cooperation, competition, individualization, and affiliation. The four dimensions accounted for 66.43% of the total variance, and showed high values of internal consistency. Also, the results pointed out a strict factorial invariance. Finally, the results showed that the more experienced teachers prefer individualized and competitive workplace environments than the less experienced ones, and on the other hand, men’s teachers were more individualistic and competitive compared with women’s teachers whom prefer cooperative orientations in the workplace environment.
Multiple Imputation of missing values in exploratory factor analysis of multidimensional scales: estimating latent trait scores
Authors: Lorenzo-Seva Urbano , Van Ginkel Joost R.
Published: April 2016

Researchers frequently have to analyze scales in which some participants have failed to respond to some items. In this paper we focus on the exploratory factor analysis of multidimensional scales (i.e., scales that consist of a number of subscales) where each subscale is made up of a number of Likert-type items, and the aim of the analysis is to estimate participants’ scores on the corresponding latent traits. Our approach uses the following steps: (1) multiple imputation creates several copies of the data, in which the missing values are imputed; (2) each copy of the data is subject to independent factor analysis, and the same number of factors is extracted from all copies; (3) all factor solutions are simultaneously orthogonally (or obliquely) rotated so that they are both (a) factorially simple, and (b) as similar to one another as possible; (4) latent trait scores are estimated for ordinal data in each copy; and (5) participants’ scores on the latent traits are estimated as the average of the estimates of the latent traits obtained in the copies. We applied the approach in a real dataset where missing responses were artificially introduced following a real pattern of non-responses and a simulation study based on artificial datasets. The results show that our approach was able to compute factor score estimates even for participants that have missing data.
Una revisión de los trastornos disociativos; de la personalidad múltiple al estrés postraumático.
Authors: Romero-López Modesto J.
Published: April 2016

In this paper we review the idea of dissociation, dissociative disorders and their relationship with the processes of consciousness. We will deal specifically with multiple personality disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder. Both polarize the discussion of diagnostic categories with dissociative symptoms. This review compares the initial ideas (one century old) with the current scenario and emerging trends in research, which are relating cognitive processes and dissociative phenomena and disorders from a neuroscientific approach. We discuss the ideas on dissociation, hypnosis and suicide associated with these disorders. There seems to be a lack of consensus as to the nature of dissociation with theoretical, empirical and clinical implications.
The emergence and evolution of optimistic expectations in schoolchildren
Authors: Falcón Carolina , Orejudo Santos , Fernández-Turrado Teresa , Zarza Francisco Javier
Published: April 2016

When we study optimism in children, we note the temporary emergence of a bias that leads them to make optimistic predictions. In this study we intend to learn more about changes that can be observed in the optimistic bias of 6- to 12-year old schoolchildren when they predict future events, and in the way they justify those predictions. A total of 77 pupils participated in this study; we evaluated each one of them individually with a Piagetian interview, asking them to formulate predictions about a series of hypothetical situations. After analyzing whether a child’s prediction implied that the situation would maintain itself or would change for better or for worse, we classified the justifications they provided for their predictions. Results show that these subjects regarded positive change as more likely in the case of psychological or hybrid events than for purely biological ones, and that younger children tended to display a greater bias in favor of the likelihood of positive change. These younger children justified their predictions stating that nature or the passing of time could be responsible for the changes, without needing further intervention on the part of other agents. Older children, on the other hand, tended to provide similar kinds of explanations to justify their expectation of stasis. 
Essai d’analyse lexicale et stemma codicum de quatre-vingt-trois rituels de Chevaliers Kadosh de la collation du fonds de l’atelier de recherches Sources
Authors: Pateyron Bernard , Weber Maurice , Germain Pierre
Published: April 2016

Quatre-vingt-trois rituels de Chevaliers Kadosh, approximativement datés de 1750 à ce jour, sont traités numériquement par des méthodes de fouille de textes ou d’analyse lexicale (Data mining). Pour faciliter la compréhension du travail, ces méthodes sont brièvement décrites et les logiciels de mises en oeuvre sont comparés.

Il s’agit, pour ces textes de dates de première occurrence incertaines, de tenter d’établir des critères chronologiques et des caractères de parenté. Une ressource nécessaire à l’établissement de la filiation vraisemblable de ces rituels paraît être l’établissement d’un dendrogramme phylogénétique. Un tel arbre est construit à partir du concept de distance afin de comparer numériquement la proximité (similarité) ou l’éloignement (dissimilarité) de ces textes. Par commodité de traitement numérique, c’est une métrique fondée sur le khi2, ou méthode de Muller, qui est exploitée a priori sur les formes graphiques. Il apparaît a posteriori que la même métrique utilisée sur les fonctions syntaxiques conduit à un arbre phylogénétique quasi identique.
La circulation inter-files : pratique pour les deux-roues, mais qu’en pensent les automobilistes? Analyse comparée de discours d’automobilistes sur ce comportement typique des usagers en deux-roues motorisé
Authors: Hidalgo Maud , Ragot-Court Isabelle , Eyssartier Chloé
Published: April 2016

Cette étude propose d’analyser le point de vue des automobilistes sur la circulation inter-files (CIF) des deux-roues motorisés (2RM). Jamais questionnés jusqu’alors sur ce comportement typique 2RM, c’est pourtant une pratique qui les implique du point de vue opératoire, bien qu’ils n’en soient pas à l’initiative. Pour cela, soixante entretiens semi-directifs auprès d’automobilistes choisis en fonction de 3 critères (ville de mobilité, ancienneté du permis de conduire B et pratique ou non du 2RM) ont été conduits et ont permis de recueillir un corpus lexical riche d’informations. Ce corpus a fait l’objet d’une analyse informatisée grâce au logiciel ALCESTE. Les résultats de cette analyse fine soulignent, entre autres, l’importance de l’expertise des individus dans le domaine du 2RM et l’importance du contexte de circulation et des normes sociales s’y référant sur la pratique et les attitudes vis-à-vis de la CIF.