bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The key characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection of humans and of the city of Wuhan that made a pandemic inevitable and unavoidable
Authors: Li Yuchen
Published: June 2023

The significant worldwide effects of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been apparent since its outbreak. This unprecedentedly widespread virus, SARS-CoV-2, has high infectivity, asymptomatic transmission, and a long-term incubation period. These characteristics have led to the rapid spread of viruses between cities and humans. The cause of the outbreak of the epidemic in Wuhan is also due to the large population, transportation, and the healthcare system lack of public health prevention and intervention in Wuhan. This unavoidable pandemic not only because the virus has robust transmission, but also the city of Wuhan did not control the spread of the virus in the early stage of the epidemic. These factors lead to a huge public health problem worldwide.
Prise en charge thérapeutique de l’arthrose chez le chat
Authors: Decambron Adeline
Published: June 2023

L’arthrose est une maladie incurable. De ce fait, on ne peut pas à proprement parler de traitement. Les objectifs de sa prise en charge sont de limiter la progression des lésions, la dégradation, l’inflammation et la douleur induite en permettant de rétablir une qualité de vie optimale pour l’animal. Le traitement de la douleur et de l’arthrose commence toujours par une évaluation. Il n’existe pas de traitement idéal et constant contre l’arthrose du chat, une approche multimodale et personnalisée basée sur l’analyse des bénéfices-risques pour l’animal est toujours nécessaire. Cette recommandation a pour principal intérêt de mettre l’accent sur l’importance de l’activité physique, du contrôle du poids et du bien-être et non pas de privilégier uniquement les médicaments. Notre arsenal thérapeutique (AINS, gabapentine, tramadol, amantadine, anticorps anti-NGF) s’est bien enrichi ces dernières années permettant d’adapter le traitement au chat et ses contraintes (environnement, comportement, comorbidités telles que la MRC, coûts). Le plus grand défi tient au fait que la douleur a des causes et mécanismes multiples. C’est pourquoi les choix thérapeutiques sont principalement basés sur une approche par essai-erreur (durée de traitement > 1 mois) en mesurant la réponse au traitement (CMI très utile) et en contrôlant la tolérance au traitement.
Entéropathies inflammatoires chroniques chez le chien : actualités
Authors: Hébert Marine , Méric Tristan , Hernandez Juan
Published: June 2023

L’exploration et le traitement des entéropathies inflammatoires chroniques (EIC), très courantes chez le chien, reposent sur une succession de tests d’exclusion et d’essais thérapeutiques. Cette démarche, bien que codifiée, ne permet l’obtention d’un diagnostic qu’a posteriori, et peut être chronophage sans pour autant garantir une réponse clinique satisfaisante. Une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes est nécessaire pour identifier de nouveaux biomarqueurs et prédire la réponse thérapeutique. En particulier, la place du microbiote intestinal dans la pathogénie des EIC est soulignée dans les récentes études qui montrent qu’il participe à l’initiation et à l’entretien de l’inflammation digestive. Le microbiote fécal est à l’étude à la fois en tant qu’outil diagnostique et en tant que modalité thérapeutique. Par ailleurs, les dernières publications soulignent l’utilité de l’analyse immunohistochimique et de l’analyse PARR dans la distinction entre inflammation et lymphome de bas grade. L’examen par hybridation in situ en fluorescence est également de plus en plus utilisé dans l’exploration de l’implication des bactéries dans certains processus inflammatoires intestinaux. Ce document propose une synthèse de ces actualités.
Méningoencéphalites d’origine inconnue chez le chien
Authors: Vandenberghe Hélène
Published: June 2023

Les méningoencéphalites d’origine indéterminée sont des maladies inflammatoires fréquentes du système nerveux central chez le chien. Elles sont la conséquence d’une réponse à médiation immune aberrante dirigée contre l’encéphale et/ou parfois la moelle spinale. Un diagnostic présomptif peut être établi sur la base d’une combinaison de critères épidémiologiques et cliniques, d’anomalies typiques à l’examen IRM du système nerveux central et/ou à l’analyse du liquide cérébrospinal et de l’exclusion des agents infectieux responsables d’encéphalite. Le traitement est immunosuppresseur, basé prioritairement sur la corticothérapie. L’utilisation d’autres agents immunosuppresseurs, dont le principal bénéfice est de limiter les effets secondaires liés à la corticothérapie a été décrite, sans que leur impact sur le pronostic n’ait été démontré pour l’heure. Le suivi est avant tout clinique, bien qu’une répétition de l’examen IRM et de l’analyse du liquide cérébrospinal avant diminution du traitement puisse contribuer à limiter le risque de rechute. Le pronostic est extrêmement variable et fonction des signes cliniques et de la localisation des lésions. Les animaux s’améliorant sous traitement et survivant plus de trois mois, décèdent rarement de la maladie.
Kératites chroniques chez le chien et le chat
Authors: Jongh Olivier
Published: June 2023

Les kératites peuvent affecter la cornée selon un mode chronique chez le chien et le chat. Après un bref rappel de la structure de la cornée, les symptômes locaux et fonctionnels sont détaillés. Les causes sont nombreuses mais d’importance inégale chez ces deux espèces. Il en découle une démarche rigoureuse avec un choix pertinent des examens complémentaires. Le traitement étiologique est prioritaire, mais un traitement symptomatique est également souvent nécessaire afin de préserver ou de limiter les conséquences délétères sur la transparence du dioptre cornéen.
Gewichtszunahme nach Brustkrebsdiagnose – ein noch
unterschätztes Phänomen?
Authors: Colatruglio Alessia , Theobald Steffen
Published: June 2023

Ziel Die Gewichtszunahme bei Brustkrebspatientinnen ist ein bekannter
Nebeneffekt von Chemo- und endokriner Therapie, welche das Risiko für
die Gesamt- und brustkrebsspezifische Mortalität von
Brustkrebspatientinnen (BKP) erhöht, die psychosoziale Gesundheit
gefährdet und deshalb möglichst vermieden/ behandelt
werden sollte. Hierzu können Ernährungsinterventionen einen
wirksamen Beitrag leisten. Diese Arbeit untersucht, wie sensibilisiert
Onkologinnen und Onkologen (ONKO) für das Phänomen sind, wie sie
bei Gewichtszunahme von BKP vorgehen und welche Rolle die Zusammenarbeit mit
Ernährungsfachpersonen dabei spielt.

Methode Sieben auf gynäkologische Krebserkrankungen spezialisierte
ONKO wurden anhand eines halbstrukturierten Interviewleitfadens interviewt. Die
Datenanalyse erfolgte anhand einer qualitativ strukturierenden
Inhaltsanalyse.

Ergebnisse Vier Hauptkategorien konnten identifiziert werden, welche die
unterschiedlichen Sicht- und Handlungsweisen der ONKO bezüglich der
Gewichtszunahme bei BKP nach Diagnosestellung strukturieren: 1. Das
Phänomen: Beobachtung und Folgen einer Gewichtszunahme; 2.
Patientinnenbezogene Perspektivenübernahme bezüglich der
Gewichtszunahme; 3. Maßnahmen gegen eine Gewichtszunahme bei BKP; 4.
Maßnahmenleitende/-hemmende Gedanken bei einer
Gewichtszunahme.

Diskussion Die Handlungsweisen der ONKO (ungenügende
Maßnahmen zur Prävention und Behandlung einer Gewichtszunahme
bei BKP, seltene interprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit mit
Ernährungsfachpersonen) lassen sich durch ihre Sichtweisen
erklären: ONKO unterschätzen tendenziell: 1) die gesundheitliche
Relevanz der Gewichtszunahme, 2) die für BKP subjektive Relevanz der
Gewichtszunahme, 3) die fachliche Kompetenz von Ernährungsfachpersonen
sowie 4) die Wirksamkeit von Ernährungsinterventionen.

Schlussfolgerung Zur Förderung der Intention von ONKO,
Maßnahmen gegen eine Gewichtszunahme zu treffen, sollten ihre
Risikowahrnehmung (bezüglich gesundheitlicher Folgen einer
Gewichtszunahme) sowie ihre Handlungsergebniserwartung (bezüglich
Zusammenarbeit mit Ernährungsfachpersonen) erhöht werden.
Kurmäßige Anwendung von Radon bei muskuloskelettalen Erkrankungen
Authors: Resch Karl-Ludwig , Sommer Silvia
Published: June 2023

Praktische Erfahrungen zum therapeutischen Einsatz des radioaktiven Edelgases Radon (Halbwertszeit knapp 4 Tage) in Kurorten gehen zurück bis in die Anfänge des 20. Jahrhunderts, als der deutsche Physiker Friedrich Ernst Dorn das Gas entdeckte und als „Radium Emanation“ beschrieb. Eine typische Radonkur besteht aus einer Serie von ca. 10 bis 15 etwa halbstündigen Expositionen in einem Radonvollbad bzw. einem Radoninhalationsraum, ggf. ergänzt durch die Ingestion geringer Mengen im Rahmen einer Radontrinkkur. Nach Resorption über die Haut oder Aufnahme über Lunge bzw. Darm wird Radon, das als Edelgas chemisch inert ist, beim ersten Passieren der Lunge weitestgehend wieder abgeatmet.

Durch Studien gut belegt sind die lokalen Wirkungen einzelner Alpha-Zerfälle auf Zellen in der unmittelbaren Umgebung (Reichweite von Alpha-Teilchen: ca. 1 mm), insbesondere auf sog. dendritische Zellen des Immunsystems in der Haut (Langerhans-Zellen), im Darm und in der Lunge. Typischerweise wirken dendritische Zellen modulierend auf viele andere zelluläre Komponenten des Immunsystems im Sinne einer Dämpfung überschießender (Auto-)Immunreaktionen. Wissenschaftlich am besten untersucht (durch randomisiert kontrollierte Studien) sind die Wirkungen von Radonkuren auf entzündliche und degenerative Erkrankungen des Bewegungsapparats, insbesondere Schmerz und Entzündung. Die positiven Wirkungen sind für Zeiträume bis zu einem Jahr nachweisbar. Empirisch teils über lange Zeiträume gut dokumentiert sind ähnliche Effekte bei anderen Störungen, bei denen einem (über-)aktivem Immunsystem wesentliche Bedeutung für die jeweilige Pathologie zukommt, nicht zuletzt auch bei Autoimmunerkrankungen.

Die zusätzliche Strahlungsbelastung durch eine Radonkur liegt im Streubereich der natürlichen Strahlenexposition unterschiedlicher Regionen Deutschlands. Die jeweils quantitativ geringe Strahlendosis im Rahmen einer begrenzten Anzahl von kurzzeitigen Expositionen kann nicht mit den Wirkungen einer Dauerexposition verglichen werden, da intermittierende Reize ganz offensichtlich nicht dem im Strahlenschutz postulierten „linear no threshold“-Prinzip folgen, sondern, wie viele physiologische Variablen, dem sogenannten Hormesis-Prinzip (etwa vergleichbar dem Heuschnupfen vs. der Hyposensibilisierung mit dem gleichen Agens).

Die wohldosierte kurmäßige Anwendung des Edelgases Radon in den verschiedenen Applikationsformen kann, richtig und kompetent eingesetzt, einen hohen Nutzen für Patienten generieren, dem offensichtlich kein entsprechend erhöhtes Risiko gegenübersteht.
Endocannabinoide als neue Behandlungsoption der
Chemotherapie-induzierten Neurotoxizität (CIPN)
Authors: Holzhauer Peter
Published: June 2023

Der medizinische Fortschritt in der Onkologie ermöglicht bei
verschiedenen Tumorentitäten die Durchführung von
medikamentösen Tumortherapien in immer weiteren und späteren
Therapielinien. Das bedeutet, dass mehr unterschiedliche Zytostatika und moderne
zielgerichtete Therapien in Kombination oder sequentiell eingesetzt werden
können. Das bringt für die Patienten längere
Behandlungszeiten und im besten Fall auch längere
Überlebenszeiten mit sich. Die zweite Seite des Januskopfes konfrontiert
die Patienten aber mit teilweise neuen und nicht selten auch
ausgeprägten und langanhaltenden Nebenwirkungen. Im Spektrum der
unerwünschten Toxizität von medikamentöser Tumortherapie
ist die Chemotherapie-induzierte Polyneuropathie (CIPN) besonders
problematisch.

Im Beitrag wird sowohl ein Überblick über die zur
Verfügung stehenden supportiven konventionellen Maßnahmen als
auch ein Blick auf erweiterte Supportivmaßnahmen aus dem Bereich der
Komplementärmedizin vorgestellt. Ein besonderer Fokus liegt dabei auf
der neuen und noch relativ unbekannten Behandlungsoption mit Endocannabinoiden
in Kombination mit verschiedenen antiinflammatorischen Fettsäuren.
The Impact of Isolated Increased Nuchal Translucency ≥95th Centile on Perinatal Outcome: A Prospective Cohort Study from a North Indian Genetic Center
Authors: Khatter Sangeeta , Lall Meena , Agrawal Shruti , Mahay Sunita Bijarnia , Dimri Nandita , Sharma Nidhish , Gujral Kanwal , Verma Ishwar C. , Puri Ratna D.
Published: June 2023

Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the chromosomal abnormalities and other adverse outcomes like miscarriages, intrauterine deaths, structural defects, and genetic syndromes in fetuses with increased nuchal translucency (NT) more than or equal to 95th centile. This study also compared the outcomes in fetuses with NT between 95th and 99th centile and more than 99th centile.

Study Design A prospective cohort of 182 patients with isolated increased NT was evaluated by invasive testing. Fetal chromosomes were examined by fluorescent in situ hybridization and karyotype or chromosomal microarray. Euploid pregnancies were followed-up with level II ultrasound and fetal echocardiography. For pregnancies progressing to delivery, the neonates were followed-up till the age of 3 months. Final outcome was reported as normal or abnormal. Collated data for perinatal outcomes was analyzed and compared between fetuses with NT 95th and 99th centile (group I) and NT more than 99th centile (group II).

Results Of the 202 patients recruited, 182 patients consented for invasive testing and chromosomal analysis. Of the 182 patients, group I (NT 95–99th centile) included 92 patients and group II 90 patients. Chromosomal abnormalities were present in 50 (27.4%), 14 (7.6%) in group I, and 36 (19.4%) in group II. Of the 132 euploid pregnancies, adverse outcomes were present in 22 (16%) fetuses, 7 (5.3%) in group I, and 15(11.7%) in group II. A normal outcome was present in 110 (60.4%) pregnancies of the 182 fetuses with NT more than or equal to 95th centile. Normal outcome observed in group I was 77.1% and in group II, it was 43.4%.

Conclusion An increased NT is associated with poor perinatal outcomes in 39.6% patients. Chromosomal analysis and follow-up for adverse outcome in fetuses with NT more than or equal to 95th centile is important to enable a take home neonatal rate of 60.4%. No pregnancy with increased NT should be discontinued without detailed fetal evaluation for genetic disorders, structural malformation, and fetal growth.
Frogs of Victoria
Authors: Clemann Nick , Swan Michael
Published: June 2023

Amphibians are one of the world’s most rapidly declining fauna groups. In an era of devastating climate change, habitat destruction and irreplaceable loss of biological diversity, it has never been more important to have effective resources for identifying and managing wildlife.

Tapping into the deep knowledge of the best frog experts in south-eastern Australia, Frogs of Victoria not only provides the tools to identify Victorian frogs – including keys, photographs and comparative information on similar species – it also presents detailed information on their biology, habitats, status and threats. Importantly, the authors also detail the urgent actions required to prevent further loss of amphibian diversity in Victoria.

Including stunning images from some of Australia’s finest wildlife photographers, Frogs of Victoria is an authoritative resource for ecologists, land managers, conservationists and all who are fascinated by frogs.
A new view on ‘Yilan Creole’
Authors: Tan Gan-ling
Published: June 2023

In multilingual Taiwan, a language variety spoken in I-Lan County of northeastern Taiwan has been dubbed ‘Yilan
Creole’ and analyzed as a creole by scholars because it contains features from Japanese and Austronesian languages. This article
revisits the question of whether it is indeed a creole. I scrutinize its sociohistorical background as well as aspects of its
lexicon and grammar, which I compare with those of Japanese and (Squliq) Atayal to provide a solid foundation for assessing its
creole status. I conclude that ‘Yilan Creole’ is by no means a creole.
Loading and Transportation Issues in Horses
Authors: Loftus Loni
Published: June 2023

Refusal to load into a trailer or horsebox is a commonly seen behaviour in equines and one which is experienced by laypersons and professionals alike. Transportation of equines is highlighted as a prevalent welfare problem facing UK equines during a recent study. Problems with loading and travelling may occur in any equine at any life stage and may appear as significant issues from the first performance or develop gradually over time, increasing in frequency and intensity of their performance. These issues are likely to be maintained or worsened by repeated exposure to the travelling process and the use of inappropriate methods to attempt to resolve them. Behaviourally these problems present in a variety of ways including signs of stress, displacement and high levels of negative arousal. To fully understand the motivation for the behaviours identified, it is important that social, biological, psychological and functional analyses of the behavioural performance should be considered. Within this, there is also the element of learning, which is a constant aspect of the antecedent, behaviour and consequence continuum. Treatment protocols for travelling related issues should be holistic in nature to address the environmental, social, biological and psychological elements of the behavioural response.

Information

© The Author 2023
Animal-assisted interventions (AAIs)in situ, relationship, and context: AAI as adjunct practice in healthcare and animal-informed education
Authors: Hanrahan Cassandra , Boulton Amberlee
Published: June 2023

Animal-assisted interventions (AAIs) include and promote multisensory and somatic experiences in therapeutic, educational, and activity-based contexts. Sensory experiences, however, for animal co-workers and others in AAI practice, including the spaces in which AAI takes place, need further exploration not only to facilitate formalized animal and client safety in place-based contexts, but also to illuminate future directions for improved non-anthropocentric ‘animal-informed’ AAI. In Canada, where there is no coordinated professional AAI sector or ‘industry’ as it is referred in the USA, AAI is not a harmonized adjunct health service. Availability is linked to the locations of professional health and allied practitioners with AAI training and interested individuals who sustain the voluntarism needed to provide AAIs that a typically funded in ad hoc and limited capacities. Compared to related fields, like veterinarian medicine and zoology, there remains in general more to be known about the ways AAI relates to larger service contexts and the types of interactions (if any) with other health and mental health service providers. This article explores AAI locales within the Canadian province of Nova Scotia to highlight the occupational experiences of practitioners and their animal-companions/co-workers (from the perspective of practitioners). Through interviews and animal-informed critical theory, this study finds AAI locales boast opportunities despite challenges to access and delivery. We elucidate AAI’s potential of becoming a guide for collective interspecies (companionable-) relations. Some AAI locales are underutilized or mismanaged, others remote, all with untapped potential to contribute to their communities through more diverse (e.g. interspecies) interprofessional service environments and as part of local economies. Leveraged proactively with AAI practitioners as educators for universal relational well-being, AAI could potentially transform therapeutic practice, ideally fostering novel identities beyond the unsustainable humanized and bounded self.
Xurography as a tool for fabrication of microfluidic devices
Authors: Shahriari Shadi , Patel Vinay , Selvaganapathy P Ravi
Published: June 2023

Microfluidic devices have been conventionally fabricated using traditional photolithography or through the use of soft lithography both of which require multiple complicated steps and a clean room setup. Xurography is an alternative rapid prototyping method which has been used to fabricate microfluidic devices in less than 20–30 minutes. The method is used to pattern two-dimensional pressure-sensitive adhesives, polymer sheets, and metal films using a cutting plotter and these layers are bonded together using methods including adhesive, thermal, and solvent bonding. This review discusses the working principle of xurography along with a critical analysis of parameters affecting the patterning process, various materials patterned using xurography, and their applications. Xurography can be used in the fabrication of microfluidic devices using four main approaches: making multiple layered devices, fabrication of micromolds, making masks, and integration of electrodes into microfluidic devices. We have also briefly discussed the bonding methods for assembling the two-dimensional patterned layers. Due to its simplicity and the ability to easily integrate multiple materials, xurography is likely to grow in prominence as a method for fabrication of microfluidic devices.
Nanofluidic gas/liquid switching utilizing a nanochannel open/close valve based on glass deformation
Authors: Sano Hiroki , Kazoe Yutaka , Morikawa Kyojiro , Kitamori Takehiko
Published: June 2023

There has been much progress in the field of nanofluidics, and novel applications, such as single-cell analysis, have been achieved. In such cases, controlling the location of the gas/liquid interface is vital and partial hydrophobic modification is frequently used to pin the position of this interface. However, because the fluid manipulating pressure in such devices is comparable to the Laplace pressure at the interface of approximately 0.1 MPa, the interface cannot be maintained stably. The present work demonstrates a method of controlling the gas/liquid interface using a hydrophobic nanochannel open/close valve. The high Laplace pressure at this valve (on the order of 1 MPa) fixes the location of the interface even during fluid manipulation. In addition, the interface can be moved at any time simply by closing the valve to generate an impulsive pressure higher than the Laplace pressure. A device incorporating this nanochannel open/close valve was fabricated, and the surface of the valve chamber was modified with hydrophobic molecules. Gas/liquid replacement in association with the operation of this valve was verified using microscopic observations. It was verified that this replacement was triggered by the valve operation, with a replacement time of 1.2 s. Using this process, gas/liquid switching can be performed when desired and this control method could expand the use of gas/liquid two-phase systems to realize further integration of chemical processes in nanofluidics.
A new method for remaining useful life prediction by implementing joint learning of sensor dynamic graph and spatio-temporal features
Authors: Lv Shuai , Liu Shujie
Published: June 2023

Accurate implementation of remaining useful life (RUL) prediction of equipment is essential for health management and maintenance decisions. Advances in sensing and big data technologies have provided the possibility for research on data-driven life prediction methods. However, the current RUL prediction methods still need to improve in utilizing multi-source information. The present techniques consider more the relationship between the temporal information and RUL prediction among the multi-source information and rarely target the research and exploitation of the potential connection between sensor networks and RUL. Therefore, this paper proposes a spatio-temporal feature extraction network based on the sensor dynamic graph: DST-GT model. The method extracts the unidirectional relationship between sensors from monitoring data to construct a dynamic spatio-temporal graph reflecting the sensor relationship. The DST-GT model uses graph convolution based on message selection (MSGCN) to model the spatial dependencies of sensors, and uses multi-scale gated temporal convolution module (MGTCN) to model the temporal dependencies in sensor state monitoring data. In this paper, graph learning, graph convolution and temporal convolution modules are jointly learned in an end-to-end framework. The results on two widely used datasets and comparisons with other methods demonstrate the accuracy and advancement of DST-GT networks for RUL prediction.
Performance enhancement of HfO2-based resistive random-access memory devices using ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Byun Jun-Ho , Ko Woon-San , Kim Ki-Nam , Lee Do-Yeon , Kwon So-Yeon , Lee Hi-Deok , Lee Ga-Won
Published: June 2023

In this study, resistive random-access memory (ReRAM) devices with ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) are suggested to enhance performance and reduce variation in device switching parameters. The ZnO NPs are formed by annealing ZnO prepared via atomic layer deposition on HfO2, which is verified using transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction pattern, and atomic force microscopy. The depth profile analysis of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows that oxygen diffuses from HfO2 to ZnO NPs during annealing. This can be explained by the calculation results using density functional theory (DFT) where the formation energy of oxygen vacancies is reduced at the interface of ZnO NPs and HfO2 compared to single HfO2. The fabricated ZnO NPs ReRAM demonstrates reduced forming voltage, stable resistive switching behavior, and improved cycle-to-cycle uniformity in a high-resistance state.
MoSe2 nanosheets/SiNWs heterojunction-based photocathode for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting applications
Authors: Rahul  , Sharma Sweta , Devi Pooja , Arora Sunil K
Published: June 2023

The efficiency of a photoelectrochemical (PEC) device is governed by the solar response of the photoelectrode and kinematics of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In this study, we illustrate a simple and low-cost method for the fabrication of photocathode (PC) via spray coating of MoSe2 nanosheets (prepared by liquid exfoliation) on p-SiNWs (p-type Silicon nanowires (NWs) prepared using metal-assisted chemical etching technique) and studied their integration as a PC for photoelectrochemical-hydrogen evolution reaction performance. The colossal photocurrent density of the resultant p-SiNWs-MoSe2 PC is −14.56  mA cm−2 at −1.2 V, which is appreciably larger in comparison to the bare p-SiNWs. Moreover, the charge transfer resistance (R
ct) corresponding to the p-SiNWs-MoSe2 electrode is 339 Ω, which is about two orders of magnitudes lower than that of p-SiNWs is attributed to the high donor density of MoSe2 nanosheets. The improvement in PEC performance is attributed to the strain at the p-SiNWs-MoSe2 interface promoted charge separation and thus reduces the kinetic barrier in water splitting process and enhances the overall HER. These results open up a scalable and effective route for implementing solar-fuel conversion at a large scale.
Synthesis, thermal evolution and magnetic investigations of SBA-15 silica functionalized with anchored iron phosphonate molecules
Authors: Fedorchuk Andrii , Laskowska Magdalena , Cempura Grzegorz , Kruk Adam , Nowak Anna , Dulski Mateusz , Kac Malgorzata , Pastukh Oleksandr , Zieliński Piotr M , Kubacki Jerzy , Laskowski Łukasz
Published: June 2023

In the current work, we report on the synthesizing of a series of novel nanocomposite materials obtained by functionalizing the SBA-15 silica matrix with anchored iron phosphonate molecules and the following thermal treatment. The obtained results reveal the formation of a unique amorphic layer of Fe-based compounds on the surface of silica walls of SBA-15 channels as a result of the organic groups’ decomposition after moderate thermal treatment. Due to their unique structure, represented in an active Fe-containing amorphous coating spread over a large surface area, these materials are of great interest for their potential applications in fields such as catalysis, adsorption, and non-linear optics. The obtained materials remain amorphous, preserving the SBA-15 mesoporous structure up to temperatures of approximately 800 °C, after which the partial melting of the silica backbone is observed with the simultaneous formation of nanocrystals inside the newly-formed glassy mass. All obtained materials were characterized using such techniques as thermogravimetry, transmission and scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy mapping, Raman spectroscopy, N2 sorption analysis, x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and SQUID measurements.
Aggregation-induced emission enhancement N, S-CQDs for selective detection of CIP in the environment
Authors: Li Zhiwen , Zhou Zhilin , Wang Jianghua , Tao Tingxian , Fu Yingqiang
Published: June 2023

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have been extensively researched as fluorescent probes, but there are few reports on fluorescence-enhanced probes. Herein, nitrogen and sulfur co-doped CQDs (N, S-CQDs) with blue aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) fluorescence were synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal reaction. N, S-CQDs can rely on the presence of –OH, C=O, –NH2, and ether bonds on their surfaces and the formation of hydrogen bonds by ciprofloxacin (CIP) containing Ar-F and –COOH functional groups to achieve effective charge transfer. In addition, CIP forces N, S-CQDs to aggregate to form cross-linked structures, which effectively limits the vibration and rotation of N, S-CQDs, leading to enhanced fluorescence of N, S-CQDs. Based on the above intermolecular charge transfer and AIEE between N, S-CQDs and CIP, an efficient and sensitive nano fluorescent probe for the detection of CIP in real water samples was developed, which can achieve sensitive detection of 3.33 × 10−8–1.13 × 10−6 M CIP.
Adsorption configurations and electronic properties of self-assembled C60 and C70 molecules on a semiconductor CuSe monolayer with periodic nanopores
Authors: Niu Gefei , Geng Jianqun , Wang Xingyue , Yang Xiaotian , Xiong Wei , Zhang Hui , Ruan Zilin , Zhang Yong , Gao Lei , Lu Jianchen , Cai Jinming
Published: June 2023

Two-dimensional (2D) supramolecular self-assembly architectures are considered one of the most significant and challenging topics in nanotechnology and modern organic chemistry. The study of these processes on surfaces is vital to achieving a higher degree of control in the design of supramolecular architecture. Herein, we report on the 2D self-assembly monolayer architectures based on C60 and C70 molecules on a semiconductor CuSe monolayer with periodic nanopores, which are essential for providing ideas for surface template chemistry. With the aid of low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (LT-STM/STS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculation methods, we systematically investigate the adsorption configurations and electronic properties of C60 and C70 on CuSe monolayer with periodic nanopores. Our results show that both the C60 and C70 molecules above the nanopores will fall into the nanopores, while those on the CuSe surface will show well-defined self-assembly with various adsorption configurations. Besides, through STS measurement, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs) and characteristic peaks of fullerene molecules will be slightly different due to different adsorption configurations. This work helps us to study the adsorption behavior of the fullerene family on various kinds of semiconductor substrates, and also provides vigorous support for the development of fullerene electrical devices in the future.
Finite-time blowup for the inviscid vortex stretching equation
Authors: Miller Evan
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we will introduce the inviscid vortex stretching equation, which is a model equation for the 3D Euler equation where the advection of vorticity is neglected. We will show that there are smooth solutions of this equation which blowup in finite-time, even when restricting to axisymmetric, swirl-free solutions. This provides further evidence of the role of advection in depleting nonlinear vortex stretching for solutions of the 3D Euler equation.
The sixth Painlevé equation as isomonodromy deformation of an irregular system: monodromy data, coalescing eigenvalues, locally holomorphic transcendents and Frobenius manifolds
Authors: Degano Gabriele , Guzzetti Davide
Published: June 2023

The sixth Painlevé equation PVI is both the isomonodromy deformation condition of a 2-dimensional isomonodromic Fuchsian system and of a 3-dimensional irregular system. Only the former has been used in the literature to solve the nonlinear connection problem for PVI, through the computation of invariant quantities

. We prove a new simple formula expressing the invariants p

jk
in terms of the Stokes matrices of the irregular system, making the irregular system a concrete alternative for the nonlinear connection problem. We classify the transcendents such that the Stokes matrices and the p

jk
can be computed in terms of special functions, providing a full non-trivial class of 3-dim. examples such that the theory of non-generic isomonodromy deformations of Cotti et al (2019 Duke Math. J.
168 967–1108) applies. A sub-class of these transcendents realises the local structure of all the 3-dim Dubrovin–Frobenius manifolds with semisimple coalescence points of the type studied in Cotti et al (2020 SIGMA
16 105). We compute all the monodromy data for these manifolds (Stokes matrix, Levelt exponents and central connection matrix).
A solution for perfect bioclimate envelopes that are imperfect for extirpated species
Authors: Hanberry Brice B
Published: June 2023

Present-day species distributions modeled with climate variables cannot provide potential future climate space for species that have contracted in range due to extirpations, regardless of abundant sample sizes within current ranges. My objective was to examine effects of range contractions on modeling of species to determine suitable space under climate change, exploring different approaches to modeling based on historical range maps. As examples of this issue, I estimated the current and future bioclimate envelopes of American bison (Bison bison) and elk (Cervus elaphus) from their current reduced ranges in the western United States compared to historical ranges immediately before extirpation. One solution for bioclimate envelope modeling is to generate presence samples from the historical range and pseudoabsence samples from outside of the historical range. By using the fullest climate space, the models identified areas of future suitable climate space that otherwise would be underpredicted (10%-27% of climate space, for these two examples) based on current ranges of species that have been extirpated from their historical range. Range contraction substantially reduced predictions of suitable climatic space under climate change. Therefore, species need to be evaluated for range extirpation before determining potential impacts of climate change on biodiversity conservation.
On a class of Hessian quotient type equations on Riemannian manifolds
Authors: Liang Weizhao , Zhu Hua
Published: June 2023

Jiao-Liu [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 151 (2023), pp. 569–581] proved the existence and the uniqueness of solutions for a class of k-Hessian equations on Riemannian manifolds using the continuity method. In this article, we use the results of Chen et al. [Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations 62 (2023), p. 15] to extend their results to the corresponding Hessian quotient equations on Riemannian manifolds.
Rigorous derivation of the compressible Navier–Stokes equations from the two-fluid Navier–Stokes–Maxwell equations
Authors: Peng Yi , Wang Huaqiao
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we rigorously derive the compressible one-fluid Navier–Stokes equations from the scaled compressible two-fluid Navier–Stokes–Maxwell equations under the assumption that the initial data are well prepared. We justify the singular limit by proving the uniform decay of the error system, which is obtained by using the elaborate energy estimates.
Monitoring hearing and vision functions in older adults: rationale and process
Authors: Chadha Shelly , Dillard Lauren K , Mariotti Silvio P , Keel Stuart
Published: June 2023

Hearing and vision impairment are highly prevalent in ageing individuals and are significant public health concerns given their meaningful impacts on individuals and society. Yet, many cases of both visual and hearing impairment remain unidentified and thus, unaddressed. This article describes the rationale and process of monitoring for visual and hearing impairment in older adults, by summarising guidance and resources available from the World Health Organisation (WHO) that were developed based upon the best current available evidence. It is recommended that vision screening be offered at least annually to adults aged over 50 years and hearing screening be offered every 5 years to adults aged 50–64 years, and every 1–3 years to adults aged 65 years or older. Both hearing and vision screening can be conducted in community, home or clinical settings by trained health workers with simple equipment. More specifically, vision screening can be conducted with a simple eye chart. Hearing screening can be conducted without specialised equipment by using pure tones set to a fixed level, an automated mobile- or web-based digits-in-noise test, or the whispered voice test. Hearing screening can also be conducted in audiology clinics using pure-tone air conduction threshold testing. There exists WHO guidance to support the monitoring of hearing and vision impairment, which, when warranted, can facilitate referral for comprehensive assessment and prompt appropriate, person-centred interventions to mitigate the negative consequences of hearing and vision impairment.
Integrating single-cell RNA sequencing data to genome-wide association analysis data identifies significant cell types in influenza A virus infection and COVID-19
Authors: Zou Yixin , Sun Xifang , Wang Yifan , Wang Yidi , Ye Xiangyu , Tu Junlan , Yu Rongbin , Huang Peng
Published: June 2023

With the global pandemic of COVID-19, the research on influenza virus has entered a new stage, but it is difficult to elucidate the pathogenesis of influenza disease. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have greatly shed light on the role of host genetic background in influenza pathogenesis and prognosis, whereas single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has enabled unprecedented resolution of cellular diversity and in vivo following influenza disease. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of influenza GWAS and scRNA-seq data to reveal cell types associated with influenza disease and provide clues to understanding pathogenesis. We downloaded two GWAS summary data, two scRNA-seq data on influenza disease. After defining cell types for each scRNA-seq data, we used RolyPoly and LDSC-cts to integrate GWAS and scRNA-seq. Furthermore, we analyzed scRNA-seq data from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of a healthy population to validate and compare our results. After processing the scRNA-seq data, we obtained approximately 70 000 cells and identified up to 13 cell types. For the European population analysis, we determined an association between neutrophils and influenza disease. For the East Asian population analysis, we identified an association between monocytes and influenza disease. In addition, we also identified monocytes as a significantly related cell type in a dataset of healthy human PBMCs. In this comprehensive analysis, we identified neutrophils and monocytes as influenza disease-associated cell types. More attention and validation should be given in future studies.
Responding Faithfully to Women’s Pain: Practicing the Stations of the Cross
Authors: Barton Sarah Jean
Published: June 2023

This essay explores the contemporary experiences of women who live with pain, given the complex responses they encounter within Western medical systems, including pervasive stigma, bias, clinician disbelief, and poor health outcomes. In response to these realities, as highlighted within recent literature and exemplified in a first-person account provided by the paper’s author, this essay explores the Christian practice of the Stations of the Cross as a faithful response to women living with pain. The Stations provide a distinctive Christian practice that invites women living with pain, as well as their clinicians and loved ones, into faithful care marked by prayer, solidarity, and hospitable listening. Practicing the Stations provides one faithful response that Christian clinicians and those who live with pain might engage in the clinic and beyond.
I focus only when I see your fear—fearful faces are not prioritized by attention when processed outside of awareness
Authors: Doradzińska Łucja , Bola Michał
Published: June 2023

The defensive reaction to threats consists of two components: non-specific physiological arousal and specific attentional prioritization of the threatening stimulus, both of which are assumed by the so-called “low-road” hypothesis to be induced automatically and unconsciously. Although ample evidence indicates that non-specific arousal can indeed be caused by unconscious threatening stimuli, data regarding the involvement of the attentional selection mechanism remain inconclusive. Therefore, in the present study we used ERPs to compare the potential engagement of attention in the perception of subliminal and supraliminal fearful facial expressions to that of neutral ones. In the conscious condition, fearful faces were preferentially encoded (as indicated by the N170 component) and prioritized by bottom-up (EPN) and spatial attention (N2pc) in an automatic, task-independent manner. Furthermore, consciously perceived fearful expressions engaged cognitive resources (SPCN, P3) when face stimuli were task-relevant. In the unconscious condition, fearful faces were still preferentially encoded (N170), but we found no evidence for any type of attentional prioritization. Therefore, by showing that threatening stimuli engage attention only when perceived consciously, our findings challenge the “low road” hypothesis and point to the limits of unconscious attentional selection.
The public sphere as a dynamic network
Authors: Friemel Thomas N , Neuberger Christoph
Published: June 2023

This article proposes to conceptualize the public sphere as a dynamic network of actors and contents that are linked with each other by communicative actions. This perspective allows us to theoretically derive and empirically describe the entire range of small to large network structures and their evolution over time. First, we will define the elements of these networks, which include the actors, content, communicative actions, and content relations. Based on these entities, four communicative roles (producer, recipient, curator, isolate) will be distinguished. Second, we will summarize how these actors perceive the communicative situation and how they select from behavioral options. Third, we will show how this combines with the network dynamics and outcomes that are discussed in the different lines of research. This provides not only the basis for understanding the link between the communicative actions on the micro-level and macro-level structures, but also new avenues for normative discussions.
Between Asylum and Liberation: The New Palestinian Refugees
Authors: Mann Itamar
Published: June 2023

Contemporary Palestinian asylum seekers raise fundamental questions regarding the relationship between the institution of asylum and struggles for national liberation. Underlying the legal framework that applies to them is an assumption of inverse correlation: the more Palestinians obtain access to individual asylum claims, the less secure are the fundamental Palestinian claims of self-determination and return. But is this trade-off acceptable today? Comparable dilemmas animate other large-scale displacements, but scholars seldom discuss their full implications for international legal theory. Rather than providing a definite answer to the question, this article maps out four major aspects of how individual protection and self-determination are interrelated, or, indeed, bifurcated, in international law. The new Palestinian refugees are important to consider not only because their continued displacement is foreseeable but also because their exceptional plight invites a reconsideration of the political foundations of refugee law. How can policy makers and legal interpreters uphold principles of both individual and collective protection, preventing the two from cutting against each other?
Establishment and validation of a risk prediction model incorporating concentrations of linezolid and its metabolite PNU142300 for linezolid-induced thrombocytopenia
Authors: Xu Jinhui , Lu Jian , Yuan Yunlong , Duan Lufen , Shi Lu , Chen Fang , Cao Yifei , Xu Guangjuan , Feng Zongtai , Li Lan , Xue Hongzhi , Sun Jiantong , Zhou Qin , Zhuang Zhiwei , Tang Lian
Published: June 2023

Background

Linezolid-induced thrombocytopenia is the main factor restricting the clinical application of linezolid.

Objectives

To investigate the relationship between PNU-14230 concentration and linezolid-induced thrombocytopenia and further develop and validate a risk model for predicting linezolid-induced thrombocytopenia.

Methods

A regression model was constructed to predict the occurrence of linezolid-induced thrombocytopenia, and further externally validated. The predictive performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve and Hosmer–Lemeshow test. Linezolid Cmin and PNU-142300 concentrations were compared for different kidney function groups. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate the difference in cumulative incidence of linezolid-induced thrombocytopenia among different kidney function patients.

Results

In the derivation (n = 221) and validation (n = 158) cohorts, 28.5% and 24.1% of critically ill patients developed linezolid-induced thrombocytopenia. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the independent risk factors were linezolid Cmin, PNU-142300 concentration, baseline platelet count, renal insufficiency (RI) and continuous venovenous haemofiltration (CVVH). The AUC for the risk model was 0.901, and the model was good (P = 0.633). The model also showed good discrimination (AUC 0.870) and calibration (P = 0.282) in the external validation cohort. Compared with normal kidney function patients, patients with RI and CVVH had higher linezolid Cmin and PNU-142300 concentrations (P < 0.001) and higher cumulative incidence of linezolid-induced thrombocytopenia (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

PNU142300 concentration, as well as linezolid Cmin, might identify patients at risk of linezolid-induced thrombocytopenia. The risk prediction model had good predictive performance for linezolid-induced thrombocytopenia development. Concentrations of linezolid and PNU-142300 accumulated in patients with RI and CVVH.