bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enjeux Sanitaires De La Gestion Des Eaux Grises Dans Les Camps Peuls De Ina (Commune De Bembèrèkè)
Authors: T. BUSARI Ibtisan , HOUNGUE Joël , CLEDJO Placide F.G.A.
Published: December 2024

La gestion des eaux dans les ménages et l’absence des infrastructures d’assainissement a des effets sur la santé humaine dans les communautés. Cette recherche analyse les enjeux sanitaires liés à l’assainissement et la gestion des eaux grises dans les camps peuls de Ina dans la Commune de Bembèrèkè. La méthodologie suivie dans cette recherche fait état des investigations socio-anthropologiques dans les camps peuls, de la recherche documentaire, des observations sur le terrain, etc. Les données épidémiologiques ont été analysées. Il est procédé à une analyse de régression logistique pour définir les facteurs influençant la santé. Selon les résultats obtenus, le taux de dessert en eau est de 31,26 % pour l’arrondissement de Ina contre 38,09 % pour la Commune. L’état des lieux de la gestion des eaux grises à Ina soulève tant d’enjeux sur le plan de la santé humaine. Les abords de marigot et de barrages servent des lieux où certains ménages peuls s’organisent pour aller faire le ménage. A Sikouro Peulh, 95,2 % des ménages déversent les eaux grises sur la cour des habitations et environs contre 4,8 % qui disposent de puisard. Cependant, dans les camps de Gando-Daka, Soya, Bourandou, Nawassa et Kondorakou, 100 % des ménages rejettent leurs eaux grises sur la cours et environs. Aussi, il est remarqué que 100 % des ménages interrogés dans Moundoro, Goure Daka, Koltese, Dantcha et Kakatene déversent les eaux grises au niveau des marigots et barrage. Cette mauvaise gestion des eaux grise n’est pas sans effet sur la santé de la population. Il a été recensé des cas de maladies hydriques (dysenterie, parasitose, paludisme simple, paludisme chronique, etc.) affectant spécialement les enfants.
Déterminants Biophysiques Et Humains Des Inondations Dans La Commune De Grand-Popo (Bénin, Afrique De l’Ouest)
Authors: D’ALMEDA Théophile Kuassi , ADJAKPA Théodore , ADJAKPA Cyrille Kotchikpa , DJESSONOU Franco-Néo Camus
Published: December 2024

La dégradation de l'environnement et les dysfonctionnements hydrologiques participent activement à l'augmentation des inondations dans la Commune de Grand-Popo. La démarche méthodologique adoptée s’articule autour de la collecte des données, du traitement des données et de l’analyse des résultats. Le traitement des données a été réalisé à l’aide des logiciels SPSS et ArcView. Les résultats de la recherche montrent que les facteurs naturels et humains déterminants des inondations regroupent la configuration morphologique des sols (forte présence de zones marécageuses), la position géographique de la commune située au débouché du fleuve Mono et du chenal de Aho,  l'abondance de la pluviométrie qui provoque des crues du fleuve Mono, l'importance du réseau hydrographique (fleuve Mono, rivière, sazué), l'occupation des bas-fonds par les habitats, entraînant la restriction des exutoires ayant pour effet l'élévation du niveau des eaux souterraines (relèvement de nappe) et par conséquent l'hydromorphisation des sols et les inondations et le fonctionnement du barrage de Nangbéto notamment les opérations de lâchée d'eau du barrage . Les populations ont une perception de la survenance des inondations. En effet, la perception des populations enquêtées sur les inondations annuelles est relative aux excès pluviométriques et les inondations (30%) ; le prolongement des pluies de la petite saison (12%) et la modification du régime pluviométrique ou la mauvaise répartition des pluies (14 %) et la tendance vers saison pluvieuse unimodale (9 %).
Selection of mtDNA Marker Genes In The Study Of Bird Genetic Diversity: A Review
Authors: Rahmadina Shovinda , Tjong Djong Hon
Published: December 2024

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has emerged as a crucial tool in understanding bird genetic diversity due to its unique characteristics, including maternal inheritance and high mutation rates. This review synthesizes the current understanding of various mtDNA marker genes, focusing on their applications in avian genetic research. The selection of mtDNA marker genes such as cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2), cytochrome b (cyt b), and the D-loop region is evaluated for their advantages and limitations. The review highlights the significance of mtDNA markers in conservation genetics and phylogenetics, emphasizing their utility in resolving evolutionary relationships and assessing population structure.
Development of Alarm System Using GSM Technology and RFID Integration
Authors: Diga Steve D. , Cribello Richard A. , Meneses Julius L.
Published: December 2024

The eminent intent of this paper is to improve home security through a design concept that offers an inventive alarm system that integrates RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology with GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) technology. The system aims to identify any unexpected movement within the allotted area of the owners’ house while they are away and send them an SMS alert afterward. The primary features of the alarm system with GSM Technology and RFID Integration include using GSM technology to monitor and transmit warnings when unusual motion is detected. The RFID component enables the system to distinguish between permitted and illegal entry. The GSM module is essential to this pursuit, as it allows for remote homeowner alerts. The system's programming, which merges the GSM and RFID components, is critical to the project's operation. Finally, the SMS notification capability is required for distant alerts, making it an essential component of the alarm system. The Alarm System with GSM Technology and RFID Integration is a robust and adaptable security system with essential motion detection and alerting features. While it does have certain limitations, its reliability, benefits, and potential for enhancement make it a reassuring addition to any home security system.
Arduino-Based Low-Cost Battery Capacity Measurement Tool
Authors: RAJERINANDRIANINA Ranto , RAFANJANIRINA Eulalie
Published: December 2024

This work presents the development of a new high-precision coulomb counting-based capacimeter. The goal was to provide a reliable, low-cost, portable, accessible, and user-friendly tool for non-professionals to accurately assess battery capacity. Results demonstrate that our slow discharge capacimeter offers precise and reproducible measurements of Li-ion battery capacity. This advancement opens new avenues for optimizing energy systems and selecting high-performance batteries.
Stratégies De Communication Digitale Sur Les Réseaux Sociaux Au Maroc A L'ère De L'intelligence Artificielle
Authors: Aissaoui Tayeb , ED-DAOUDI Rachid
Published: December 2024

This research focuses on the design and evaluation of an ontology-based context-aware system for advertising recommendations. The study addresses the limitations of traditional advertising systems, which often neglect key contextual factors such as user location, time, and needs. Using the NeOn methodology, the proposed ontology incorporates these contextual dimensions, integrating widely accepted ontologies like FOAF, OWL-Time, and WGS84 Geo Positioning. The developed ontology was tested using SPARQL and GeoSPARQL queries to ensure it could accurately represent advertising and contextual information, delivering relevant recommendations tailored to users' current situations. The results demonstrate the ontology's scalability, expressiveness, and effectiveness in providing context-aware advertising recommendations. Future work includes developing a mobile application that leverages the ontology to enhance real-time advertising recommendations.
Order and Disorder: the Governance of the Kowloon Walled City in Hong Kong during the late 20th Century
Authors: Liu Ruqian
Published: December 2024

Due to the high crime activity resulting from the historical legal disputes over the sovereignty between China and Britain, the Kowloon Walled City in Hong Kong was often regarded as a place without law and governance. This paper seeks to discover the nature of the governance mechanism of the Kowloon Walled City while dismantling the above claim. The Kowloon Walled City had the Neighborhood Welfare Association serving as the bridge for communication with the British Hong Kong government, which then also provided basic support and services for sanitation. In addition, many of the past scholarship argued that the Kowloon Walled City as without law and governance, other than the legal dispute, was also due to the intense gangster activities conducted by the triad, mainly the Sun Yee On. However, during the 20th century and before the establishment of the Hong Kong Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC), areas under the British Hong Kong government governance were also undergoing the same situation. In this sense, with self-governance from the local Neighborhood Welfare Association, a certain level of intervention from the Hong Kong government, and the fact that gangster activities were a widespread phenomenon, the reality of  Kowloon Walled City was not according to the popular imagination.
They're Lovin' It: How China and Japan Turned American Fast Food Into Global Phenomena
Authors: Zeller Zachary
Published: December 2024

Kentucky Fried Chicken arrived in Japan in the 1970s. McDonald’s launched in China in the late 1980s. Both arrived during periods of massive social upheaval, sending shockwaves through the countries and corporations, creating an international and cultural legacy. Through analyzing the tactics and stories of Kentucky Fried Chicken in Japan and McDonald’s in China, a pattern emerges. Both companies arrived in their respective countries to initial success, riding on the coattails of burgeoning Americana in the mid-late 20th century. However, once they faced respective challenges and potential waning success, both companies decided to focus on shedding some of their American policies to allow their product to better match the East Asian markets. By doing so, they engaged in a balancing act of localization and globalization; by using localization tactics to achieve global success, each ultimately becoming globalized corporations. The success that both companies have achieved, both culturally and financially, prove to be the backbone of their international endeavors, and have ingrained them as staples of the modern East Asian culinary culture.
Factors Affecting Quality of Sleep in Intensive Care Units of Gulab Devi Chest Hospital and Hameed Latif Hospital, Lahore
Authors: Iftikhar Areeba , Arif Muhammad , Bibi Saima , Hanif Asif
Published: December 2024

Sleep disruption etiology in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is poorly understood and overlooked. It may be related to environmental stimuli especially noise, pain, human interventions and diagnostic testing which are disruptive to sleep. The environmental etiologies of sleep disruption in ICU are multi-factorial.
Frequency of De Quervain's Syndrome in Punjab Secretariat Officers
Authors: Imtiaz Mehak , Asad Anushy , Khan Sadia
Published: December 2024

Throbbing pain in wrist and thumb is due to De Quervain syndrome. Sometimes due to pain, ability of holding objects may be restricted. This syndrome is usually observed in people using wrist and thumb frequently. The symptoms include tenderness, burning sensation on radial side of hand and swelling of thumb.
Frequency of Hamstring Muscle Strain Injuries in Athletes of Different Universities of Lahore: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Tahir Muhammad Jawad , Fatima Arooj , Sohail Sundas , Kazmi Shiza , Shoukat Filza
Published: December 2024

Hamstring Strain Injury (HSI), one of the common sports injury and it result from a complex interaction of multiple risk factors and events. Only a fraction of these have been identied. The purpose of the study was to find the frequency of HSI in athletes of different Universities of Lahore.
Prevalence of Sacroiliac Joint Pain in Postpartum Women in Different Hospitals of Lahore: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Haq Komal , Arshad Kanwal , Saleem Arsalan , Kaur Jaspreet , Tanweer Syed Abdul Wasay
Published: December 2024

SIJ is a di-arthrodial joint. SIJ contains a cartilaginous facade, fibrous joint capsule which is filled with liquid called synovial fluid, and a complicated arrangement of ligamentous associations. Sacroiliac, sacrotuberous, and sacrospinous tendons are essential stabilizers of the SIJ. SIJ is a source of buttock, leg pain, chronic low back pain, pregnancy related pain, postpartum pain, and chronic groin pain in athletes. Objective: To determine the prevalence of SIJ pain in 20 to 40-years old postpartum women. Methodology: Results: The age of participants was 20-40 years. The results of study have shown that the prevalence of SIJ pain in postpartum women is 66.4% has positive FABER test and 33.6% has negative FABER test. This was a Cross Sectional Study. Sample Techniqu was Non-Probability convenient sampling technique. Period was six months. Total 116 women included in this study. Data was collected through the self-administrated questionnaire. FABER test was also performed to evaluate the SIJ pain. Conclusions: The result of this examination distinguished a high prevalence of SIJ in postpartum women in Lahore city. Pain was associated with duration, course and sensation. It can have effected their daily routine due to their negligence. It was important to understand the pain and treat SIJ disorder because if it was not treated in time it may become chronic after pregnancy.
Anxiety and Depression Among Physiotherapy Students
Authors: Naseer Rizmi
Published: December 2024

When normal feeling human beings face or feelany kind of threat mental or physical anxiety orstress happens. Anxiety is a response to stress.Experiencing any depression is a normal thingnow a days because of the completion in everyprofessional field. There is a lot of literaturesuggestion that physiotherapy is a demandingfiled. There are many academic demands andpressure such as getting good grades. Socialissues, uncertainty of future, work load, limitedopportunities and high expectation etc.
Prevalence of Myofascial Trigger Points in Neck Pain With its Associated Risk Factors in Undergraduate Students of Physical Therapy Department of University of Lahore
Authors: Asad Afsah , Chugtai Arslan Saleem , Sohail Ahmed , Gill Anil
Published: December 2024

A myofascial trigger point is a hyperirritablepoint in skeletal muscle that is associated with ahypersensitive palpable nodule. Myofascialtrigger points occur in a quite proportion instudents. Flat palpation, snap-ping palpationand deep palpation helps to assess the triggerpoints.
Prevalence of restless leg syndrome and its association with quality of life and sleep among young adults; Analytical Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Zafar Shanza , Gill Anil , Yousafzai Muhammad Sulaiman
Published: December 2024

Restless leg syndrome (RLS) is a chronicdistressing condition. It is characterized by adiscomforting sensation of the limbs with anurge to move legs at rest and inactivity. This urgeis often accompanied by uncomfortablesensations like tingling, creeping, soda bubbling,or burning.
Adverse Health Effects of Vigorous Exercise
Authors: Gilani Syed Amir
Published: December 2024

The health practitioners is fully embrace exerciseas medicine and treatment of various healthrelated issues but universal truth is that “excessof everything is bad” so exercise had benets aswell as adverse effects this editorial discuss theadverse health effects of vigorous exercise. TheA m e r i c a n H e a r t h A s s o c i a t i o n ( A H A )recommends that young adults must involve in ≥150 minutes of moderate aerobic exercise everyweek or 75 minutes of vigorous aerobic exerciseevery week. They can also performedcombination of these two exercise protocols forhealth and well-being.
Level of Postural Awareness Among Teaching Staff of University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Muzaffarabad
Authors: Sherazi Syeda Abida Hussain , Batool Syeda Maham , Qadar Umara , Hameed Shagufta , Shah Syed Tayyib , Basit Sheikh Abdul
Published: December 2024

Postural problems are very common these days among youth including office workers, University staff, students and from other walks of life. Conclusions: There was moderate level ofinformation regarding correct positioning during work in different environment. They used improper postures which leads to physical abnormality, Results: 63% worked for 4-8 hours daily, 95%,respondents traveled 1-7 hour daily and 61% had knowledge about posture, among them 47% had back and 20% had neck pain. Majority of the teaching staff used improper positioning during different work. Ÿ Postural awareness among faculty of University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir (UAJ&K) was assessed Objective: To evaluate the level of postural awareness and proper positioning during different tasks performed by teaching staff of University of Azad Jammu &Kashmir, Muzzafarabad (UAJ&K). Methodology: A cross-sectional study with purposive sampling technique was conducted in UAJ&K. In this study 100 faculty members, both male and females, with age between 25 to 55 years were included. 54% were males. The data was analyzed on SPSS version 22. Results: 63% worked for 4-8 hours daily, 95%, respondents traveled 1-7 hour daily and 61% had knowledge about posture, among them 47% had back and 20% had neck pain. Majority of the teaching staff used improper positioning during different work.Conclusions: There was moderate level of information regarding correct positioning during work in different environment. They used improper postures which leads to physical abnormality,absenteeism, increased expenditure on their treatment.
Need of Quality research in Pakistan
Authors: Gilani Syed Amir
Published: December 2024

Research requires a cautious attention of study concerning a specific question or issue using scientific methods in a peaceful atmosphere as research is the method in which professors (scientists) spend their time to discover hidden facts.
Nowadays, students get worried when they hear the term Research! Our system failed to produce quality of research during last decade due to various reasons. Those who made this possible and published their research in an impact factor journal have failed to generalize it or making it externally valid (external validity) due to multiple factual inaccuracies.
Various factors are responsible for not producing a quality of research in institutions of Pakistan like lack of interest of students and academic staff, deficiency of high qualified research staff, lack of fully equipped research labs, lack of research funding and other enormous reasons.
According to a survey more than 90% of our universities have no proper environment of research. Not only, even if they have laboratories or research rooms that are not fully equipped. Research environment is a distant thing most of the academic staff of our institutions don’t know how to formulate a research question. I remember many professors went to abroad for post-doctoral research and produced high quality research and never came back. Almost exactly, there is another unpleasant reality behind the completion of research in the universities i.e., the people are paid to write less than no time the papers for those who paid them. Doing this malpractice can certainly aggravate an already pitfall-drenched situation.The teachers must not be involved in all three domains at the same time i.e., community service, teaching and research. The faculty should be divided into these three based upon their interest. It is a dire need to consider all the issues which hamper in producing high quality research. Education is the key to success we all know! There is need to develop and understand a research culture in Pakistan. It should be promoted in true spirit without the above mentioned mal practices. The real essence of research culture should flourish and all the teachers and researchers have to work for this cause.
Frequency of Musculoskeletal Disorder of Upper Limb in Gardeners of Pakistan Horticulture Authority
Authors: Abid Ali , Arif Muhammad Asim , Zahid Sana , Yousafzai Muhammad Sulaiman
Published: December 2024

For non-lethal professional traumas, the most prevailing injuries were nonfatal and ailment every year. However, for the fitness care and community based job occupation, half of thetotal absence because of ailment is reported at job or due to job. Objective: To determine the Frequency of Musculoskeletal Disorder of Upper Limb in Gardeners of PHA.Methods: An observational study conducted Dash and VAS questionnaire used for the study. Data collected from gardeners of PHA. Participants participated voluntarily by completing a questionnaire with excellent reliability. The questionnaire contained many items to evaluate problems in shoulder, elbow and hand. The duration of the study were 4 months after approval of synopsis. A sample technique was convenient sample technique result analyzed with SPSS version 21.Results: 185 participants are selected for study. Data collected from PHA gardeners.50(23.9%)reported with severe difficulty that was highest frequency reported for severe difficulty while doing garden work in gardeners. Moderate difficulty reported with high frequency in gardeners while carrying heavy objects. Work activities reported like hammering with high frequency of inability to perform this activity due to disability. It is also reported that gardeners are very limited in work .high frequency reported in severity of symptoms in shoulder, arm and hands in gardeners. Mild stiffness reported and severe difficulty in sleep reported.Conclusions: This study indicates gardeners are direct sufferers of musculoskeletal disorders with pain symptoms in shoulder, arm and hands.VAS scale measures showing upper limb disorders symptoms are producing limitations in daily work
Prevalence of Neck Pain Among Military Personnel
Authors: Amjad Aneela , Ahmad Umair , Noor Sofia , Hayee Sara , Tanvir Amna
Published: December 2024

Neck pain arises due to any inflammation, injury or postural changes. There is a huge number of military personal who experience neck pain due to their routine which includes wearing heavy bullet proof jackets, holding guns for long time and especially and most common their posture problems when they are performing duties on military posts .There is a a lot of researches done on prevalence of neck pain in different populations but on military there is less researches done. Objective: The objective was to determine the prevalence ofneck pain among military personnel.This cross sectional study was conducted in military soldiers and officers of Pak army of Lahore, Gujranwala and Sialkot. Sample size of 140 was calculated. Standardize neck disability index questionnaire were used for data collection. Prevalence of neck pain was measured by Neck Disability Index (NDI) and intensity was measured by Visual Analog Scale (VAS).The data was gathered and SPSS was used to analyzed the results. Results: Results showed that the 65% personnel were felt m i l d a n d m o d e r a t e n e c k p a i n 98.5 % respondents said that they lost their concentration due to neck pain in reading or other activities. 96.0% respondents reported neck pain due to lifting heavy weight. Theprevalence of mild and moderately neck pain in daily activity of personnel was 64.7% without any factors. Sleep disturbance due to pain also reported in 94.8% respondents It is concluded that neck pain intensity was varied according to factors, like in lifting heavy weight most of the personnel felt moderate pain and due to driving and reading felt mild pain.
Role of Physiotherapy in Obstetric Care
Authors: Naureen Ayesha , Naseer Rizmi
Published: December 2024

As a part of primary health care practitioners, physiotherapist’s rehabilitation team are committed to enhance and maintain functional independence as well as physical performance. Physical therapy plays an important role in management of pain and prevention of physical impairment, disabilities, limitation to participation in activities in daily living.
Physiotherapists are trained enough to assess and predict the effects of injury, disease on function and movement also have the skills to make a comprehensive treatment plan of care to restore or enhance function. Physical therapy also plays important role in management of wide range of women's health related issues, including osteoporosis, obstetric and urinary incontinence. Physiotherapists have also skills to treat women conditions related to musculoskeletal and neurology. Role of physiotherapy is considered as vital in obstetrics care, antepartum as well as in postpartum ladies. Postural and mobilization Techniques and awareness related to training of posture and alteration in activities leads to correction of faulty posture that also decreases pressure on joints among womens during pregnancy. Physical therapy practitioners provides training in co activation of abdominal muscles and pelvis that reinforces stability and considered as preventive measure in back ache. Previous trials confirmed positive outcomes with the non-pregnant population concerned with chronic back pain. Further, Trials that are directly applicable to pregnant and postpartum women are much needed. Postpartum related physiotherapy assessment can detect structural as well as weakness of posture arising from pregnancy. Effective interventions related to strengthening of muscles and activation and use of essential structures of support could help in correcting pregnancy-adapted posture. Postpartum related muscle ache, fecal and urinary incontinence, dyspareunia as well as dysfunctions related to sacroiliac joint are all conditions that could be evaluated and managed with intervention of physiotherapy. Training of Ergonomic and awareness are key component to current physiotherapy management of women after pregnancy. An increasing number of physiotherapists have innovative skills in this important area of treatment.
Role of Telerehabilitation during Current Covid-19 Pandemic in Pakistan
Authors: Jabbar Saima
Published: December 2024

Telehealth as broad umbrella encompasses all clinical and non-clinical specialities but the term Telerehabilitation is specifically related to provision of rehabilitation services via variety of electronic communication sources.
The impact of sedentary behavior on musculoskeletal system during Covid-19 lockdown period among the people of Lahore.
Authors: Touqeer Noor , Khalid Fariha , Ishaque Zunaira
Published: December 2024

Background: Staying at home was proved to be one of the major coping strategies to avoid the spread of coronavirus disease and to reduce the rate of mortality and fatality. However, staying at home is the major coping strategy to avoid covid 19 spread but it also brings out many problems like social isolation, physical inactivity, behavioral changes and weight gain.
Objective: To assess the effect of sedentary behavior on musculoskeletal disorders during the Covid-19.
Methods: Cross-sectional study design was used. In this study, 170 participants with age between 18-65 were included. The standardized Musculoskeletal Health Questionnaire (MSK-HQ) was used to assess alterations of musculoskeletal pain. Sedentary behavior was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Data were analyzed in SPSS ver. 20.0.
Results: The mean of age of participants was 30.57 ± 13.95%. Out of 170 there were 114(67.1%) females and 56(32.9%) were males. Out of 170, 1(0.6%) had very severe joints pain, 19(11.2%) had fairly severe joints pain, 67(39.4%) had moderate joints pain whereas 28(16.5%) had no joint pain and stiffness overall during the day in the last 2 weeks. Out of 170, 74(43.5%) have low IPAQ score, 71(41.8%) had moderate IPAQ score and 25 (14.7%) have high IPAQ categorical score.
Conclusion: Maximum of subjects had musculoskeletal disorders in various regions of body whereas, neck and shoulder pain were the most prevalent during lockdown. Pain remained moderate in intensity and most of the participants had overall fair musculoskeletal health during lockdown.
COMPARISON OF WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AMONG WORKING WOMEN AND HOUSEWIVES
Authors: Butt Muhidsa , Syed Sidra , Suhail Maryyam
Published: December 2024

Background: Musculoskeletal conditions are the most common cause of physical and functional limitations among both working and non-working population. A 45% increase has been observed over 20 years in these conditions due to changes in lifestyle and activities. Nearly 25% of the overall population in under developed countries complain of MSK symptoms which decrease their functional capacity by restricting them with pain.
Objective: To find out the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and compare them between housewives and working women.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 196 females in Lahore, aged between 20 to 35, women with prim gravida, both housewives as well as working women were included for the study. Any participants with musculoskeletal/ neurological/ psychological/ psychiatric / dermatological/ deficit or disorders that can affect the study were excluded. For the collection of the data, standardized Nordic Questionnaire was used. An informed consent was taken from the study participants. SPSS 25 was used for data analysis.
Results: The overall mean age of the participating women was 26.86 years. Among the total population, 91 (46.4%) were housewives and 105 (53.6%) were working women. Among the working women, 49 (25.0%) worked part time (5-6 hours), 40 (20.4%) worked full time (8-10 hours) and 10 (6.1%) worked other hours.
Conclusion: The upper limb regions were more commonly affected among the working women with neck region (53.3%) being the most affected followed by the shoulder and upper back area. Whereas among the housewives, musculoskeletal symptoms were more frequently reported in the shoulder region (60.4%) followed by increased symptoms in the lower back, ankle/feet and the knees.
Comparison of the Physical Activity Among Geology Students
Authors: Hussain Syeda Abida , Zahra Syeda Nuzhat
Published: December 2024

Objective: To compare the level of Physical Activity and BMI among urban and rural Geology students.
Methodology: The cross-sectional study with convenient sampling done on sample of 80. Both male and female students age between 18-25; enrolled in MPhil and BS program in UAJ&K
(40) and FUUAST (40) were included and who had any physical and mental disability were excluded from the study. Data was obtained by the online google form questionnaire after consent from each participant, the questionnaire includes structural question which derived from literature, the study was done in the period between December 2020 to February 2021.The data was analyzed in the MS excel sheet and presented in the form of Bar chart and table. Result: The male was dominated (R 38(95%) vs. U 25(62. 5%)) as Compared to female. The BMI was Underweight (R 5(12.5%) vs. U 2(5%)), Normal (R 32(80%) vs. U 30(75%)), Over weight (R 0(0%) vs. U 2(5%)) and Obese (R3(7.5%) vs. U 6(15%)). Level of physical activity was Sedentary (R 5(12.5%) vs. U 15(37.5)), Low active (R 2(5%), vs. U 17(42.5%)), Somewhat active (R 2(5%) vs. U 6(15%)), Active (R vs. 22(55%) vs. U 2(5%)), Highly active (R9(22.5%) vs. U 0(0%)). Mostly traveled via public transport (R18(45%) vs. U 20(50%)), bike (R 8(20%) vs. U 6(15%)) Buses (R 2(5%) vs. U 7(17.5%)) and Car (R 2(5%) vs. U 7(17.5%)), while other travel by Walk (R10(25%) vs. U 2(5%)). On daily basis and during the field trips they faced following problems; Muscle spasm (R 15(37.5) vs. U 12(30)), Sprain (R 9(22.5) vs. U 2(5%)), Mild trauma (R2(5%) vs. U 8(20%)), and Fatigue (R3(7.5%) vs. U1(2.5%)).
Conclusion: Majority of rural and urban students have normal BMI and urban have sedentary and somewhat active, while rural are active and highly active. During daily basis and field trips the students faced problems like Muscle spasm, sprain and fatigue. There is need to give awareness about posture and ergonomics to prevent the injuries.
EFFECTS OF COVID-19 ON THE CURRENT PRACTICE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Waqas Shoaib
Published: December 2024

Confusion, fear, and anarchy were widely felt around the world during the pivotal years of the worldwide pandemic COVID-19. As this respiratory disease—which mostly affects the lungs but may also affect many other bodily organs in the event of complications—proliferated quickly over the globe, scientists and biologists hurriedly set about creating methods for its treatment and prevention. The greatest method to protect mankind from this continuing epidemic, like with all other viral infections, is vaccination. Similar to how the respiratory system was affected, other biological systems were as well, notably the musculoskeletal system, which had poor muscular endurance during performance. The treatment of post-covid musculoskeletal issues depends heavily on physical therapy.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HAND DIMENSIONS AND HAND GRIP STRENGTH AMONG UNIVERSITY TENNIS PLAYERS A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Hassan Waqar Ul , Saeed Hiba , Shahbaz Khadija , Akhter Fahum , Tehrim Hiba
Published: December 2024

Handgrip strength is a measurement of upper extremity functionality and an indicator of overall physical ability. Usually, the evaluation of the handgrip strength (HGS) is utilized in the clinic and occupational practice, performing an important role in the determination of the clinical effects. Hand-grip strength has been identified as a biomarker of other systems, such as the endocrine system.
Objective:  The objective is to assess the relationship between hand grip strength and hand dimensions in university tennis players.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 153 university students using a non-probability convenient sampling technique. The data was collected from the University of Lahore, Punjab University, and the University of Central Punjab. The questionnaire contains demographic data age, height, weight, BMI, lifestyle, hand dimensions by anthropometric measurements, and grip strength by dynamometer will be used to collect data.
Results: The mean age of the study subjects was 21.73±1.97 years. The minimum age was 19 years, and the maximum age was 25 years. Out of 153 university tennis players (52.9%) were male and (47.1%) were females The result shows that 13.2% of students were underweight and 70.6% were normal weight according to their BMI. 51.5% of females performed exercise twice a week and 25.0% performed more than three times a week with a value of r (r=0.27-r=0.86)
Conclusion: There is a strong significant association between hand dimensions (finger span, finger length, and hand perimeter) and hand grip strength. As the value of hand dimensions increases the hand grip strength also increases.
Key Words: Hand grip strength, hand dimensions, dynamometer, Body mass index, little finger length, Thumb length
Уголовно-правовые и криминологические термины, раскрывающие содержание посягательств на половую сферу человека
Authors: Галушкова Диана Олеговна
Published: December 2024

В рамках настоящей статьи исследована эволюция научных подходов к определению понятия и сущности преступлений, посягающих на половую сферу человека, за период с первой трети ХХ в. и до настоящего времени. Рассмотрены предлагаемые в указанный временной промежуток дефиниции, определяющие данные преступные деяния и проанализированы разные подходы к пониманию их сущности. Целью исследования является разработка авторских дефиниций таких понятий, как «половые и сексуальные преступления», а также «половая и сексуальная преступность», которые будут отражать их природу и сущность на современном этапе. В действующем законодательстве Республики Беларусь отсутствуют нормативно-правовые дефиниции данных понятий, в научном сообществе также нет единого мнения о том, что же следует понимать под рассматриваемыми преступными деяниям, а также под половой и сексуальной преступностью в целом. Более того, в рамках криминологических исследований в подавляющем большинстве случаев используются термины «половые и сексуальные преступления», а должного внимания определению таких важных криминологических понятий, как «половая и сексуальная преступность» фактически не уделяется. Таким образом, в статье предложены авторские дефиниции понятий половые и сексуальные преступления, отражающие сущность данных деяний, проведено их разграничение и определены критерии такого разграничения, а также сделан вывод о том, что понятие «сексуальные преступления» шире, чем понятие «половые преступления».
Кроме того, определен круг деяний, предусмотренных действующим уголовным законом и относящихся к половым и к сексуальным преступлениям. Также предложены авторские дефиниции таких понятий, как «половая и сексуальная преступность», отражающих совокупность признаков и особенностей половой и сексуальной преступности, раскрывающие сущностно-содержательные аспекты данных терминов, которые дополняют понятийный криминологический аппарат, что способствует развитию юридической науки.
Некоторые вопросы реализации института досудебного соглашения о сотрудничестве в уголовном процессе
Authors: Ковчун Татьяна Викторовна
Published: December 2024

Досудебное соглашение о сотрудничестве – относительно новый институт в уголовном процессе. Многие резонансные преступления раскрываются благодаря соглашениям, которые фигуранты уголовного дела заключают с правосудием. Цель исследования – всестороннее изучение и анализ уголовно- процессуальных норм, регламентирующих порядок производства по уголовному делу в отношении подозреваемого (обвиняемого), с которым заключено досудебное соглашение о сотрудничестве. Во введении определена актуальность и отражена значимость исследования указанной проблематики. В основной части анализируются дискуссионные вопросы, возникающие при производстве по уголовному делу в отношении подозреваемого (обвиняемого), с которым заключено досудебное соглашение о сотрудничестве, а также рассматриваются проблемы их практической реализации. Проблемы применения данных норм обуславливаются рядом причин. Среди основных причин следует отметить отсутствие единообразного подхода к пониманию сущности и значения данного института, невыполнение лицом, заключившим досудебное соглашение о сотрудничестве, возложенных обязательств по содействию следствию в расследовании преступлений, а также ряд иных проблем уголовно процессуального характера. Рассматриваются особенности данного производства не только в предварительном расследовании, но и в судебном разбирательстве. Неоднозначность в теоретических исследованиях положений уголовно-процессуального законодательства среди ученых-процессуалистов предопределяет необходимость в более комплексном изучении и оценке положений данного института и поиск новых направлений для исследования в данной области. В заключении обобщены результаты проведенного анализа, сделаны соответствующие выводы. Отдельные положения полученных результатов могут быть
использованы для продолжения научных исследований, а также послужить выработке практических рекомендаций для органов уголовного преследования.
О доказательственном значении информации в ходе судебного разбирательства при рассмотрении уголовного дела в судебных инстанциях
Authors: Козел Валерий Михайлович
Published: December 2024

В статье рассмотрен ряд актуальных вопросов, связанных с ролью и значением доказательственной информации в ходе рассмотрения уголовного дела в различных судебных инстанциях. В современном уголовном процессе объективное исследование вопроса виновности или невиновности лица,
необходимое установление фактических обстоятельств, подлежащих доказыванию, является гарантией соблюдения как интересов государства, так прав и свобод личности. При этом проблема правового урегулирования процесса доказывания, поиск новых источников доказательств, а также форм и методов повышения его эффективности обоснованно считаются одними из самых актуальных в уголовном судопроизводстве. Целью работы является исследование значения информации в ходе судебного разбирательства и возможных направлений совершенствования уголовно-процессуальной деятельности, в части исследования механизма доказывания в суде. Обоснованно констатировано, что устоявшаяся следственная модель уголовно процессуального доказывания имеет существенные недостатки. Научная новизна исследования заключена в том, что резюмирована мысль о необходимости эволюционных
изменений уголовно-процессуального законодательства Республики Беларусь в части расширения перечня следственных действий при рассмотрении уголовных дел в судебных инстанциях. В заключении сделан вывод о том, что суд первой, а также апелляционной и кассационной инстанции при рассмотрении уголовного дела по существу не в полном объеме располагает надлежащим арсеналом процессуальных средств для установления объективной истины. Предложенные в работе дополнения в уголовно-
процессуальном законодательстве, позволят повысить доказательственное значение информации в ходе судебного разбирательства и эффективность рассмотрения уголовного дела в суде. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы в части продолжения дальнейших научных исследований
Применение мер пресечения как самостоятельное производство в структуре административного процесса
Authors: Соркин Владимир Семёнович , Томченок Алексей Владимирович , Седач Александр Валерьевич
Published: December 2024

Данная статья посвящена изучению перечня вопросов, связанных с сущностным содержанием прокурорского надзора в уголовном судопроизводстве. Происшедшее в последнем десятилетии реформирование уголовно-процессуального законодательства в обозначенной части выявило ряд проблемных положений в части реализации прокурором своих надзорных полномочий при осуществлении надзора за предварительным расследованием. Цель исследования – обозначить возникающие сложности, с которыми приходится сталкиваться прокурору при осуществлении прокурорского надзора в ходе предварительного расследования. Во введении подчеркнута (с приведением соответствующих статистических данных) особенность реализации прокурором своих полномочий после реформирования в 2012 г. отрасли прокурорского надзора – надзора за соблюдением законности в ходе
досудебного производства (при производстве предварительного следствия и дознания). В основной
части отмечено, что прокурору в уголовном процессе приходится сталкиваться с рядом трудностей, которые не позволяют ему надлежащим образом реализовывать возложенные на него обязанности по надзору за соблюдением законности. Это прежде всего касается полномочий по выявлению и устранению нарушений закона при производстве предварительного расследования. Обращено внимание на несовершенство ряда норм уголовно-процессуального законодательства, которое препятствует
эффективности прокурорского надзора. В определенной степени проанализирован зарубежный опыт по кругу рассматриваемых вопросов. В заключении сформулирован ряд конкретных предложений, направленных на совершенствование действующего законодательства, которые, по мнению авторов, могут надлежащим образом оптимизировать надзорные полномочия прокурора. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы в правоприменительной практике, а также в научной и преподавательской деятельности.
Применение мер пресечения как самостоятельное производство в структуре административного процесса
Authors: Матюшенко Николай Евгеньевич
Published: December 2024

В статье проведен теоретический анализ процесса применения мер административного пресечения и разработанности его стадий. На основе анализа научного материала обоснована
необходимость выделения в административном процессе отдельного производства по применению мер административного пресечения. Автором определены стадии процесса применения мер административного пресечения, раскрыто их содержание. Новизна работы обусловлена отсутствием в отечественной науке исследований, посвященных всесторонней разработке обозначенных проблемных вопросов. В связи с этим цель исследования заключена в теоретическом и сравнительном анализе
процесса применения мер административного пресечения и разработанности его стадий. Во введении статьи указано, что на сегодняшний день процесс применения мер административного пресечения и его стадии должного освещения в юридической литературе не получили. Обращено внимание на то, что большинство ученых-административистов в своих работах основное внимание уделяли процессу и анализу стадий при рассмотрении дел об административных правонарушениях и не затрагивали вопросы по процессу применения мер административного пресечения и его стадии. Ввиду того, что процесс применения мер административного пресечения является составляющей частью административного
процесса и юридического процесса, то основная часть статьи начинается с рассмотрения именно этих понятий. Далее обосновано, что процесс применения мер административного пресечение обладает качественным своеобразием, он не ограничивается рамками по рассмотрению дел об административных правонарушениях и, более того, имеет свой отличный от других процессов стадийный характер. В заключении сформулированы основные выводы. Результаты научной работы могут быть использованы в дальнейших правовых исследованиях, в нормотворчестве и правоприменительной деятельности, а также в образовательном процессе при подготовке кадров юридического профиля.
Антыкарупцыйная асвета на Еўразійскай прасторы: ад тактыкі да стратэгіі
Authors: Ключко Рыма Мікалаеўна , Малчанава Марына Аляксееўна
Published: December 2024

Во введении обоснована актуальность исследования вопросов антикоррупционного просвещения в новых геополитических условиях. В связи с беспрецедентными санкциями западных государств экономическая политика Республики Беларусь и Российской Федерации направлена на укрепление международного сотрудничества со стратегическими партнерами в рамках Большого Евразийского пространства. Подчеркнуто, что противодействие коррупции является необходимым фактором обеспечения безопасности и надежности при реализации совместных проектов. В основной части исследования авторами раскрыта важность внедрения превентивных мер антикоррупционной направленности, которые призваны сформировать в обществе нетерпимое отношение к коррупционному поведению.
Рассмотрены актуальные положения государственной политики антикоррупционного просвещения в Беларуси, России и Китае. Представлен анализ правового регулирования, а также рассмотрены основные меры, направленные на формирование единой концепции антикоррупционного просвещения в рамках Большого Евразийского партнерства. Особое значение при антикоррупционном просвещении уделено вовлечению молодежи в антикоррупционную деятельность, а также эффективному использованию потенциала цифровых технологий в целях формирования антикоррупционного правосознания и нулевой терпимости к любым коррупционным проявлениям. В заключении указано на необходимость укрепления международного сотрудничества со стратегическими партнерами, а также разработки Евразийской антикоррупционной стратегии. Подчеркнута важность создания специалистами Беларуси, России и Китая совместного антикоррупционного методического комплекса, в котором будут определены общие стандарты антикоррупционного просвещения, национальные особенности правового регулирования предупреждения коррупционных практик, а также охарактеризованы новаторские практики в данной сфере. Результаты исследования представляют теоретическую ценность с точки зрения перспектив дальнейших исследований в области изучения вопросов предупреждения коррупции, а также в научно-образовательной сфере.
Human rights in armed conflicts
Authors: Catan Anastasia
Published: December 2024

Everyone is guaranteed the right to life, personal dignity and inviolability of the home. But it is clear that during armed conflict, human life and health can be at risk. In such situations, namely during armed conflicts, the rules of international human rights law, humanitarian law and the bodies responsible for the protection of human rights come into play.