bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality Evaluation of Complementary Food Produced by Solid-State Fermentation of Fonio, SoyBean and Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato Blends
Authors: Okoronkwo Ngozi C. , Okoyeuzu Chigozie F. , Mbaeyi-Nwaoha Ifeoma E. , Eze Chinwendu R. , Agbata Chidinma P.
Published: January 2023

Childhood malnutrition is one of the most persistent public health problems throughout developing countries including Nigeria. This study focused on the evaluation of complementary food produced by solid-state fermentation of Fonio and Soybean using Rhizopus oligosporus (2710) and Orange-fleshed sweet potatoes (OFSP) using Lactobacillus planterum, (B-41621). Solid state fermentation (SSF) was carried out by inoculating Fonio and Soybean with spore suspension (1×10⁶spores/ml) of Rhizopus oligosporus (2710) and OFSP with spore suspension (1×10⁶spores/ml) of Lactobacillus planterum (B-41621). The samples were blended in the following ratios: Fonio and Soybean 100: 100 (AS), fonio/soybean and OFSP 50: 50(ASO), and compared with a commercial infant formula which served as the control (CTRL). Quality characteristics of the samples were evaluated. Results showed that moisture, crude protein, fibre, ash content, beta carotene and titratable acidity increased significantly (p<0.05) as fermentation progressed. The iron content ranged from 6.57–8.41mg/100g while the beta carotene content ranged from 15.80 –17.35mg/100g. Viscosity ranged from 8200 –15400cP, while that of swelling capacity ranged from 2.25-3.41(g/g). In sensory scores, there were no significant (p>0.05) difference between the average mean scores of the samples. SSF improved the nutritional content and flavour of the developed complementary food which is needed for infant growth and development.
A Fabry-Perot Sensor With Cascaded Polymer Films Based on Vernier Effect for Simultaneous Measurement of Relative Humidity and Temperature
Authors: Zhang Teng , Han Qun , Liang Zhizhuang , Jiang Junfeng , Cheng Zhenzhou
Published: January 2023

In this paper, fiber sensor based on Vernier effect for simultaneous measurement of relative humidity (RH) and temperature is proposed. The sensor is fabricated by coating two kinds of ultraviolet (UV) glue with different refractive indexes (RI) and thicknesses on the end face of a fiber patch cord. Vernier effect is formed by the inner lower-RI polymer cavity and the cavity composed of both polymer films. By calibrating the RH and temperature response of two peaks on the envelope of the reflection spectrum, simultaneous measurement of RH and temperature is realized by solving a set of quadratic equations. Experimental results show that the highest RH and temperature sensitivities of the sensor are 387.3 pm/%RH (in 20%RH to 90%RH) and -533.0 pm/°C (in 15°C to 40°C), respectively. The sensor has merits of low cost, simple fabrication, and high sensitivity, which makes it very attractive for applications that need to simultaneously monitor these two parameters.
Complication and Infection Risk Using Bone Substitute Materials to Treat Long Bone Defects in Geriatric Patients– An Observational Study
Authors: Pawelke Jonas , Vinayahalingam Vithusha , El Khassawna Thaqif , Heiss Christian , Eckl Larissa , Knapp Gero
Published: January 2023

When bone substitutes materials are used, the increased risk of infection due to the none-autogenic graft is often discussed. The treatment of large bone defects in geriatric patients, often with osteoporotic bone, often presents major challenges to surgery. Bone substitutes materials are available indefinitely without the risk of additional surgery in each patient. Can bone substitutes materials be used without hesitation in the geriatric patient? Eighty-three patients suffered traumatic fractures of the distal radius, proximal humerus, and proximal tibia. The defect zones were filled with bone substitute material based on nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (NHA) or calcium phosphate (CP). For comparison, a reference group without the void filling with a bone graft substitute (void defects, ED) was studied. All patients over the age of 64 years were retrospectively evaluated for complications and radiological outcomes. Results: 106 patients sustained traumatic fractures of the distal radius (68.9%), proximal humerus (5.7%), and proximal tibia (22.6%). No differences in infections were found when comparing the groups (p=1.0). retrospectively evaluated. The KEM group had a nonsignificantly lower rate of pseudarthrosis (p=0.09). A relative risk (RR) reduction of complications of 32.64% was observed when bone grafting material was used. The NNT for the prevention of complications was 5.99. When bone healing was assessed by radiological images, some follow-up studies showed significant differences in fracture bridging (p<0.001). Conclusions: In contrast to previous studies, bone substitutes materials can support the healing process in geriatric patients without relevant disadvantages. With an NNT of 6 regarding complications, many patients could benefit from bone graft augmentation. No increased infection rate was observed.
PigSNIPE: Scalable Neuroimaging Processing Engine for Minipig MRI
Authors: Brzus Michal , Knoernschild Kevin , Sieren Jessica C , Johnson Hans J
Published: January 2023

Translation of basic animal research to find effective methods of diagnosing and treating human neurological disorders requires parallel analysis infrastructures. Small animals such as mice provide exploratory animal disease models. However, many interventions developed using small animal models fail to translate to human use due to physical or biological differences. Recently, large-animal minipigs have emerged in neuroscience due to both brain similarity and economic advantages. Medical image processing is a crucial part of research as it allows researchers to monitor their experiments and understand disease development. However, although many algorithms are created and optimized for MR analysis of human data, those tools are not directly applicable or sufficiently sensitive to measure minipig data. In this work, we propose PigSNIPE - a pipeline for the automated handling, processing, and analyzing of large-scale data sets of minipig MR images. The pipeline allows for image registration, AC-PC alignment, landmark detection, skull stripping, brainmasks and intracranial volume segmentation (DICE 0.98), tissue segmentation (DICE 0.82), and caudate-putamen brain segmentation (DICE 0.8) in under two minutes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first automated pipeline tool aimed at large animal images.
Lipid Metabolism, Polar Metabolites, and Phenolics in Hass Avocados during Postharvest Storage (Persea americana Mill)
Authors: Uarrota Virgilio Gavicho
Published: January 2023

The current study aims to investigate the changes in polar metabolites, phenolic compounds, and fatty acids in the skin of Hass avocados stored under two distinct circumstances. Fruits from the Bartolillo orchard were primarily associated with linoleic and oleic acid as significant variables. Fruits were primarily associated with palmitoleic, palmitic, and oleic acids in Quilhuica. For one orchard, the phenolic content increased at the start of storage and declined at the conclusion, whereas the opposite was true for another, showing that the outcome was depending on the orchard and storage conditions. The polar metabolites that most closely connected with the fruits of the Quilhuica orchard were serine, glutaric acid, xylitol, and D-mannitol, whereas ß-sitosterol and gluconic were related to the fruits of the Bartolillo orchard.
Wherein Lies the Momentum in Aharonov-Bohm Quantum Interference Experiment - A Classical Physics Perspective
Authors: Singal Ashok
Published: January 2023

In the Aharonov-Bohm setup, a double-slit experiment, coherent beams of electrons passing through two slits form an interference pattern on the observing screen. However, when a long but thin solenoid of current is introduced behind the slits between the two electron beams, an extra phase difference between them appears, as shown by a shift in the interference pattern. This happens even though there is no magnetic field outside the solenoid, at the location of the beams. This is known as Aharonov-Bohm effect, though the idea was mooted apparently a decade earlier, and the effect sometimes is called Ehrenberg-Siday-Aharonov-Bohm effect. This mysterious effect, purportedly arises owing to an electromagnetic momentum, attributed to the presence at the location of either beam, a vector potential due to the solenoid of current even when there exists no magnetic field outside the solenoid. The first experimental confirmation came soon and It has since been amply verified using clever experimental setups, leaving hardly any doubts that the observed effect is real. However, on the theoretical side the picture is not so clear and a satisfactory physical explanation of the existence of momentum, at least under the aegis of classical electromagnetism, is still missing since inception of the idea more than half a century back. It has remained a puzzle, how just potential, thought to be a mere mathematical tools for calculating electromagnetic field, can give rise to an electromagnetic momentum in a system, in lieu of field itself. We here show that a subtle momentum can be seen to lie in the product of the drift velocities of the current carrying charges and the mass equivalent of their non-localized potential energies in the electric field of the interfering electrons, which manifests, from a classical point of view, a linear momentum in the system. It is this hard-to-pinpoint, additional momentum, reflected through an extra phase difference between the interfering beams of electrons, which exhibits from a classical physics perspective, the presence of an elusive, long sought-after electromagnetic momentum in the system.
Physical activity of students during the COVID‑19 pandemic as a health-saving perspective
Authors:   I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Sadykova R. N. , Mingazov R. N. ,   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Gureev S. A. ,   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Tliashinov A. O. ,   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health
Published: January 2023

According to the WHO, physical activity contributes to the prevention and treatment of noncommunicable diseases. Lack of fitness is considered an important cause of future lifestyle-related diseases, including metabolic syndrome, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. People with low levels of physical activity have higher body mass index, higher waist circumference and fat mass than those with high levels of physical activity. In recent decades, especially during the COVID‑19 pandemic, physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyles have become a major global public health problem, even among younger populations. All this suggests the special importance of the physical activity of students in difficult life situations, including the conditions of the COVID‑19 pandemic. Purpose: to review foreign scientific literature containing information about the characteristics of physical activity of students during the COVID‑19 pandemic and their impact on health indicators, about risk factors and ways to level them. Materials and methods: bibliographic, information-analytical and methods of comparative analysis. Results: during the COVID‑19 lockdown, students, regardless of baseline fitness scores, reduced time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity, increasing sedentary lifestyle and screen time. At the same time, first-year students turned out to be the most vulnerable to lifestyle changes due to isolation due to the difficulties of adapting to the conditions of study at the university and to the new realities during the COVID‑19 pandemic. During the lockdown, there has been an increase in the positive relationship observed before the pandemic between students’ physical activity indicators and gender, weight, psychological state and year of study. There is a greater adaptability of women to the conditions of isolation, women more often retained physical activity due to concern for health and shape. Women were more sociable, more often used social networks when doing physical exercises. Findings: when developing strategies to stimulate physical activity and create a favorable environment for its implementation during isolation, one should take into account gender differences, socio-cultural factors, the role of the family and close circle, the role of educational organizations. Promoting physical activity among students during the COVID‑19 pandemic requires the joint efforts of the family, the public, the state, health organizations and educational institutions.
Expert validation of the clinical laboratory service models’ standardized descriptors
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education “Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russia, Goldberg A. S. , Chernish N.Yu. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution “Almazov National Medical Research Centre” of the Ministry of Health of the Russia, Vavilova T. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution “Almazov National Medical Research Centre” of the Ministry of Health of the Russia
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The growing demand for the availability and quality of clinical laboratory tests has necessitated the search for new approaches to organizing and management of laboratory services. At the same time, needs a systematic description of the laboratory services organization models as a background for further improvement. Objective: to validate the description of the laboratory services organization models by standardized characteristics. Methods. A sociological study carried out on the principles of a systematic approach. Research methods: sociological (expert assessments), analytical, statistical. Results and discussion. The inter-expert agreement for the centralization (consolidation) model was 0,626 (95% CI 0,516–0,711), outsourcing (decentralization) – 0,747 (95% CI 0,672–0,804), horizontal integration – 0,784, 95% CI 0,720–0,833, mobile (pointto-care) model – 0,883 (95% CI 0,848–0,909). The first value interpreted as doubtful, significant adjustments made to the model characteristics. The second and third values – as sufficient, minimal adjustments made. Fourth – as good, the description was not changed. The final SWOT-analysis matrices for four models formed. Conclusions. Thanks to expert validation, a methodical change from an empirical to a scientifically based standardized description of the four basic laboratory services organization models made.
Features of inspection in 2022: what medical organizations need to be prepared for
Authors:   Expert on the issues of regulatory and legal regulation of health care activities, Piven D. V. , Kitsul I. S. ,   Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education – the branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ivanov I. V. ,   FSBI «National Quality Institute» of Roszdravnadzor
Published: January 2023

The article shows that the decisions adopted in March 2022 on a moratorium on scheduled inspections until the end of 2022 not only do not mean a complete stop of measures for monitoring (supervision) of medical activities carried out by medical organizations, but also actively stimulate the practical implementation of a number of basic provisions of the reform of control and supervisory activities. Medical organizations, despite the moratorium on scheduled inspections announced by the end of 2022, need to ensure strict compliance with the requirements of legislation to ensure and control the quality and safety of medical activities; constant readiness for the implementation by the supervisory authorities of new control (supervisory) measures without interaction with the controlled person, as well as professionallactic events.
Data-based management in imaging: evaluation of the performance of a unified radiological information service model
Authors:   State Budgetary Institution of Healthcare of the City of Moscow “Scientific and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Department of Health of the City of Moscow”, Shulkin I. M. , Vladzimirsky A. V. ,   State Budgetary Institution of Healthcare of the City of Moscow “Scientific and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Department of Health of the City of Moscow”
Published: January 2023

The development and availability of information technologies covers all spheres of society, providing ever newer and more advanced means of automating processes and structuring data, primarily in order to improve management efficiency. Radiation diagnostics, due to its clinical significance, is one of the key areas of modern healthcare. At the same time, it is distinguished by an extremely high degree of digitalization, which creates extensive opportunities for the development and improvement of organizational and managerial aspects. An analytical study was carried out on the principles of a systematic approach, consisting of three stages. First stage. The main phases and indicators of the development of a single digital circuit for radiodiagnosis in Moscow are characterized: the dynamics of the integration of diagnostic equipment, the structure of medical organizations, the rate of accumulation of the results of radiological examinations by modality. Second phase. The analysis of the influence of a single digital circuit of radiodiagnosis on the level of informatization of medical organizations and informatization of the health care system of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation was carried out, its compliance with the requirements of the Ministry of Health of Russia was assessed. Third stage. The analysis of the influence of a single digital circuit of radiodiagnosis on the level of digital maturity of the health care system of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation was carried out. The practical implementation of the model of a single digital circuit for radiation diagnostics of an administrative-territorial unit was carried out in the period 2015–2020 in Moscow. The Unified Radiological Information Service (UIS) of Moscow was created – an information system in the field of healthcare that combines the workplaces of radiologists, radiologists and diagnostic equipment, accumulates information about each study or a series of studies conducted on devices connected to it, is equipped with additional tools for solving analytical, managerial and organizational tasks. The analysis of the significance of ERIS EMIAS as an implemented single digital circuit for radiodiagnosis of a subject of the Russian Federation was carried out. The development of URIS EMIAS ensured a steady increase in the level of informatization coverage of medical organizations that have radiation diagnostics units in their composition.
The issue of age-related characteristics of the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among the population of various countries
Authors:   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Mingazova E. N. , Valeev V. V. ,   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Mingazov R. N. ,   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health
Published: January 2023

Without interventions to halt the rise in diabetes, it is believed that by 2045 there will be at least 629 million people living with diabetes in the world. Currently, four out of five people with diabetes, approximately 80% of the world’s 463 million, live in lowand middle-income countries, and the incidence of diabetes is increasing in poorer, marginalized, socioeconomically vulnerable and indigenous communities. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes with onset in youth, defined as diabetes diagnosed before the age of 25, is increasing worldwide. It should be noted that type 2 diabetes, which occurs at a young age, most often manifests itself in the second decade of life. There are about 652 thousand children with type 2 diabetes in the world. It is estimated that there will be around 41,600 new cases of diagnosed type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents worldwide in 2021. Along with the increase in the prevalence of diabetes among children and adolescents, there is an increase in the incidence of pre-diabetes preceding the development of type 2 diabetes. They found an 8% risk of progression from pre-diabetes to type 2 diabetes over a 3-year period, confirming the importance of interventions to reduce obesity, pre-diabetes, and insulin resistance.
About some methodological issues of remuneration of medical workers
Authors:   Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kadyrov F. N. ,   North-Western State Medical University I.I. Mechnikov, Obukhova O. V. ,   Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Endovitskaya Yu.V. ,   Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Chililov A. M. ,   National Medical Research Center of Surgery named after Vishnevsky
Published: January 2023

The article discusses a number of methodological issues of remuneration that arose against the background of the suspension of special social payments for work with COVID‑19 and their replacement with compensation payments, as well as the postponement of pilot projects that were to be implemented in order to prepare for the introduction of a new system of remuneration for medical workers.
Outcomes of Periacetabular Osteotomy for Borderline Acetabular Dysplasia
Authors: Nepple Jeffrey J. , Parilla Frank W. , Pashos Gail E. , Clohisy John C.
Published: January 2023

Background:

The optimal surgical treatment (hip arthroscopy compared with periacetabular osteotomy [PAO]) for borderline acetabular dysplasia (lateral center-edge angle [LCEA], 18° to 25°) remains a topic of debate. To date, the literature has focused primarily on arthroscopy outcomes, with only a few small reports on PAO outcomes. The purpose of this study was to define PAO outcomes in a large cohort of borderline hips. In a secondary analysis, we assessed the effect of prior failed arthroscopy, concurrent hip arthroscopy, and concurrent femoral osteoplasty on PAO outcomes in this cohort.

Methods:

A prospective database was retrospectively reviewed for patients who underwent PAO for symptomatic instability in the setting of borderline dysplasia (LCEA, 18° to 25°). Of the 232 identified hips, 186 (80.2%) were assessed at a mean follow-up of 3.3 ± 2.0 years postoperatively. The mean patient age was 25.2 ± 8.5 years (range, 14 to 45 years), and 88.2% were female. Thirty hips (16.1%) had undergone a failed prior arthroscopy. Arthroscopy was performed concurrently with the PAO in 130 hips (69.9%), and femoral osteoplasty was performed concurrently in 120 hips (64.5%). The modified Harris hip score (mHHS) was assessed relative to the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of 8 and patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) of 74. Clinical failure was defined as a reoperation for persistent symptoms or a failure to achieve either the mHHS MCID or PASS.

Results:

Of the 156 hips undergoing a primary surgical procedure, clinical success was achieved in 148 hips (94.9% [95% confidence interval (CI), 90.2% to 97.4%]). Two hips (1.3% [95% CI, 0.4% to 4.6%]) underwent reoperation (hip arthroscopy) for persistent symptoms and an additional 6 hips (3.8% [95% CI, 1.8% to 8.1%]) failed to achieve the mHHS MCID or PASS, for a clinical failure rate of 5.1% (95% CI, 2.6% to 9.8%); 8.8% reported dissatisfaction with the surgical procedure. Clinical failure was more frequent among the 30 hips (23.3% [95% CI, 11.8% to 40.9%]; p = 0.001) that had undergone a prior failed arthroscopy. There were no outcome differences between hips that had or had not undergone concurrent hip arthroscopy or femoral osteoplasty.

Conclusions:

This study demonstrates excellent early outcomes of PAO for borderline acetabular dysplasia, with significant clinical improvement in 94.9% of patients undergoing a primary surgical procedure; 91.2% were satisfied with the surgical procedure.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Smart Tourism Destination: Urban versus Rural Technological Behaviours
Authors: BALLINA BALLINA FRANCISCO JAVIER , VALDES PELAEZ LUIS , DEL VALLE TUERO EDUARDO
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe tourism paradigm has changed with technology. ICTs have altered the entire tourist travel model: before buying, during its realization, and after completion. The current trend is to generate business and tourist destinations based on technological criteria. The first objective is always to guarantee maximum tourist connectivity with the new ICT applications. Neither the academic literature nor the businessmen consider the existence of tourist experiences outside the ICTs. This paper aims to determine from a market segmentation which attributes, or services, are more critical to differentiate types of tourists based on their behavior and use of ICTs. The differences between tourism that goes to a city destination versus a rural destination have been studied, analyzing the relationships between technological applications, social networks, and its use in the destination by the tourist. It has been possible to determine indicators based on the strategic segmentation of tourist experiences from the use and availability of information technologies. To this end, the data obtained through two studies carried out within the framework of the CSO2014-59193-R project have been used. Keywords: Tourism, Smart Tourism Destination, Rural and Urban Destinations, Segmentation, ICTs. ResumenEl paradigma del turismo ha cambiado con la tecnología. Las TIC han alterado todo el modelo de viaje turístico: antes de comprar, durante su realización y después de su finalización. La tendencia actual es generar destinos comerciales y turísticos basados en criterios tecnológicos. El primer objetivo siempre es garantizar la máxima conectividad turística con las nuevas aplicaciones TIC. Ni la literatura académica ni los empresarios consideran la existencia de experiencias turísticas fuera de las TIC. Este documento tiene como objetivo determinar a partir de una segmentación del mercado qué atributos o servicios son más críticos para diferenciar los tipos de turistas en función de su comportamiento y uso de las TIC. Se han estudiado las diferencias entre el turismo que se dirige a un destino de la ciudad frente a un destino rural, analizando las relaciones entre las aplicaciones tecnológicas, las redes sociales y su uso en el destino por parte del turista. Ha sido posible determinar indicadores basados en la segmentación estratégica de las experiencias turísticas a partir del uso y la disponibilidad de tecnologías de la información. Para este fin, se han utilizado los datos obtenidos a través de dos estudios realizados en el marco del proyecto CSO2014-59193-R. Palabras clave: Turismo, Destinos Turísticos Inteligentes, Destinos Urbanos y -Rurales, Segmentación, TICs.
Petrogenesis of Mesozoic Magmatic Suites in the Jiaodong Peninsula: Implications for Crust-Mantle Interactions and Decratonization
Authors: Dong Leilei , Yang Zhiming , Song Mingchun , Bai Xin
Published: January 2023

The North China Craton (NCC) has thick lithosphere in the Paleozoic (>200 km) but appears to be decratonized in the Mesozoic. However, the actual processes operated in the lower crust-deep mantle are still unclear. The Mesozoic granitic rocks can provide important clues to the NCC decratonization mechanism. Here, we conducted trace element modeling to check whether partial melting of the Archean lower crust can generate these Mesozoic magmatic suites. Meanwhile, zircon Hf isotope analysis was conducted to reveal crust-mantle interaction processes and further give constraints on the decratonization of the NCC. Zircon Hf isotope data of the Linglong, Guojialing, and Aishan suites, the mafic microgranular enclaves (MMEs) in the Guojialing suite, and mafic dykes display minor differences: the Linglong (160–150 Ma), Guojialing (~130 Ma), and Aishan (118–116 Ma) suites have zircon εHft=–25.4 to –14.5, –15.3 to –10.4, and –23.1 to –11.9, respectively. The Cretaceous mafic dyke (126 Ma) has a highly negative εHft value (–22.8 to –17.7). Meanwhile, the MMEs (in the Guojialing granodiorite, DCW-2A, 129 Ma) have zircon εHft=–13.0 to –8.9. Temperature-pressure conditions calculated using amphibole compositions for both the Guojialing granodiorite and its MMEs are basically identical, implying possible magma mixing. Our modeling results show that certain trace elements (e.g., Tb, Yb, and Y) have to be retained in the source to match the composition of the Linglong suite, which requires substantial garnet residues (high-pressure melting) in the Jurassic. The Early Cretaceous garnet-dominated lower crust is Yb-/Y-enriched but depleted in elements like Sr and La. Therefore, it could not form geochemical features like high Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios akin to the Guojialing suite. Integrating the modeling results and zircon Hf isotope data, we propose that the crust in the eastern NCC had thickened and partially melted by dehydration to produce an eclogitic residue containing a large amount of garnet (>50% by weight) during the Jurassic (Linglong granite), whereas upwelling of hot and hydrous mafic magma from the asthenospheric mantle induced fluxed melting of both the lower crust and lithospheric mantle in the Early Cretaceous, during which the lithospheric mantle and part of the lower crust in the Jiaodong were removed by the convective mantle. About 10 Mys later while the Aishan suite formed, the crust was not thick anymore, and melting occurred under moderate pressure which does not necessarily require abundant garnet as the residue phase.
Resolving Uncertainties in Foraminifera-Based Relative Sea-Level Reconstruction: a Case Study from Southern New Zealand
Authors: Garrett Ed , Brain Matthew J. , Hayward Bruce W. , Newnham Rewi , Morey Craig J. , Gehrels W. Roland
Published: January 2023

Since the pioneering work of David Scott and others in the 1970s and 1980s, foraminifera have been used to develop precise sea-level reconstructions from salt marshes around the world. In New Zealand, reconstructions feature rapid rates of sea-level rise during the early to mid-20th century. Here, we test whether infaunality, taphonomy, and sediment compaction influence these reconstructions. We find that surface (0–1 cm) and subsurface (3–4 cm) foraminiferal assemblages show a high degree of similarity. A landward shift in assemblage zones is consistent with recent sea-level rise and transgression. Changes associated with infaunality and taphonomy do not affect transfer function-based sea-level reconstructions. Applying a geotechnical modelling approach to the core from which sea-level changes were reconstructed, we demonstrate compaction is also negligible, resulting in maximum post-depositional lowering of 2.5 mm. We conclude that salt-marsh foraminifera are indeed highly accurate and precise indicators of past sea levels.
Estimating Thermophysical Rock Properties from Electromagnetic Sounding Data and Laboratory Measurements
Authors: Spichak V.V. , Goidina A.G. , Zakharova O.K.
Published: January 2023

—Possibilities to construct the sections of thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, as well as heat flow density at the surface, using electromagnetic sounding data and laboratory measurements on core samples, have been studied. It has been shown that the neural network prediction of thermophysical properties from electromagnetic sounding data and laboratory measurements enables estimating these properties not only below boreholes but also in the interwell space, with relative accuracy around 6–10%. Sections of “dry” and “wet” thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and a profile of the heat flow density at the surface of the study area, along magnetotelluric sounding profile, have been built.
Construction and evaluation of a cloud follow-up platform for gynecological chemotherapy patients
Authors: Dan Xin , He Yalin , Huang Yan , Ren Jian-Hua , Wang Dan-Qing , Yin Ru-Tie , Tian Ya-Lin
Published: January 2023

Background
Patient follow-up is an essential part of hospital management. With the advent of the information age, patient follow-up is expected to be replaced by Internet technology. This study constructed a gynecological chemotherapy patient cloud follow-up platform to evaluate its cost-effectiveness and patient feedback effect.
Methods
A total of 2538 patients were followed up using a cloud follow-up system between January and October 2021. Prior to this, 690 patients were followed up manually over telephonic calls. The patient characteristics, follow-up rate, patient satisfaction, and session duration in the cloud follow-up group and manual follow-up group were compared. In addition, the read rate of health education materials in the cloud follow-up group was analyzed.
Results
The general information (age, cancer stage, and disease category) and follow-up rate (cloud: 6957/7614, 91.4%; manual: 1869/2070, 90.3%; P = 0.13) did not significantly differ between the two groups. The follow-up satisfaction of the cloud follow-up patients was significantly better than that of the manual follow-up group (cloud: 7192/7614, 94.5%; manual: 1532/2070, 74.0%; P༜0.001). The time spent on the follow-up of 100 patients in the cloud follow-up group was approximately 1.2 hours compared to 10.5 hours in the manual follow-up group. The read rate of health education materials in the cloud follow-up group was 72.9%.
Conclusions
The follow-up effect of the cloud follow-up group was not inferior to that of the manual follow-up group, and the cloud follow-up group was more in line with the prevention and control requirements of the post-epidemic era. Cloud follow-up can save medical resources, improve cost-effectiveness, provide sufficient health education resources for patients, and improve patient satisfaction.
Investigating the STIRPAT with fossil fuel, renewable energy, nuclear energy, research and development for 30 European countries: Fresh panel evidence
Authors: voumik liton chandra , Mimi Mahinur Begum
Published: January 2023

In the European Union (EU), most countries are developed and economic activities are climbing. Because of that, CO2 emissions in this area are rising. The EU must find ways to reduce pollution before it is too late to ensure long-term sustainable growth. The study applies the STIRPAT model to check the impact of population, income, renewable energy, nuclear energy, and research and development on the environment. A newly developed Cross Section Autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL) technique is used to investigate annual time series data from 1990 to 2021 for 30 European countries with slope heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence. According to the study's findings, fossil fuels and the population contribute to environmental pollution. On the other hand, increasing income and the use of renewable and nuclear energy can reduce long-term pollution. Similarly, research and development also help to reduce environmental degradation. The research shows that if the EU wants to stop the environment from getting worse, renewable energy is a must. It also shows that rising national wealth alone won't be enough to meet environmental needs.
The non-Haplochromis fish fauna in Uganda: an update on the distribution and a review of data gaps
Authors: Akoth Dorothy , Natugonza Vianny , Efitre Jackson , Muyodi Fredrick Jones , Musinguzi Laban
Published: January 2023

Freshwater fishes are the second most threatened group of vertebrates after amphibians. In most developing countries, the conservation of freshwater fishes is largely hampered by limited information and data. The Red List assessments by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) provide a benchmark for conservation and planning, but these assessments require, inter alia, quantitative information on the species range in the wild. This information is largely missing for many species that face extinction threats. In this paper, we combined species occurrence data, expert knowledge, and literature to review and update the distribution of non-Haplochromis fish species native to Uganda and determine their geographical extent relative to the global range. Results showed that (i) at least 110 non-Haplochromis species occur in Uganda, (ii) the current status in the entire native range for more than 60% of these species is unknown; (iii) five species previously known to occur in Uganda: Amphilius kivuensis, Bagrus degeni, Marcusenius macrolepidotus, Petrocephalus catostoma, and Lacustricola pumilus lack a native locus and hence not Ugandan fishes, (iv) 17 species occur in areas beyond their previously known range, and therefore, their presence needs further investigations, preferably by examining specimen collections, and (v) majority of the non-Haplochromis species native to Uganda have a wide distribution outside the national boundaries. We anticipate this information to be relevant both for the national and global IUCN Red List assessments for the non-Haplochromis fishes in Uganda. Furthermore, the identified data gaps will be relevant in prioritizing limited resources during surveys and collections.
Influence of biofortified wheat (WB 2) straw-based diet on nutrient digestibility, milk production, blood and milk mineral profile in lactating Murrah (Bubalus bubalis) buffaloes
Authors: Kalwani Davender Singh , Misra Arun Kumar , Rao S.B.N , Sharma Rajan , Datt Chander
Published: January 2023

The present investigation aimed to study the effect of biofortified wheat (WB 2) straw-based diet on lactating Murrah buffaloes. Twelve Murrah buffaloes were divided into two groups i.e., Control (T0) and Treatment (T1) based on body weight, parity, and previous milk record. Feeding was done as per ICAR (2013) standard for 90 days. Animals of the control group were fed conventional wheat straw, oats fodder, and concentrate mixture in the ratio 50:15:35 (on Dry Matter basis), respectively, whereas, animals of the treatment group were fed biofortified wheat straw, oats fodder and concentrate mixture in the same ratio. Nutrient analysis revealed minor differences between biofortified and conventional wheat straws. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) among both the groups when means were compared for daily dry matter intake (T0: 15.70 ± 0.17 Kg/day/animal versus T1:15.75 ± 0.12 Kg/day/animal). Digestibility of Dry Matter (DM), Crude Protein (CP), Ether Extract (EE), Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF), Acid-Detergent Fiber (ADF), and Organic Matter (OM) did not differ (P > 0.05) between groups. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in milk yield between the two groups (T0: 7.65 ± 0.1 Kg/day/animal vs T1: 7.75 ± 0.08 Kg/day/animal). Similarly, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) found in Somatic Cell Count (SCC) and milk composition (Fat, SNF, Lactose, Protein) when analysed at weekly intervals. Mineral analysis of blood plasma and milk carried out at monthly intervals showed similar concentrations in both groups. Based on this study, it can be inferred that despite the biofortification of wheat variety WB 2, the zinc and iron concentrations in the straw were similar to conventional wheat straw. Hence, the straw from WB 2 variety had no significant impact on milk quality and production.
Causality of Genetically Determined Metabolites and Metabolic Pathways on Osteoarthritis: A Bi-Directional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Gu Yifei , Jin Qianmei , Hu Jinquan , Wang Xinwei , Yu Wenchao , Wang Zhanchao , Wang Chen , Chen Yu , Yuan Wen
Published: January 2023

Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal diseases, and is the leading cause of pain and disability in the aged population. However, the underlying biological mechanism has not been fully understood. This study aims to reveal the causal effect of circulation metabolites on OA susceptibility.
Methods
A bi-directional two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was performed to estimate the causality of GDMs on OA. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 486 metabolites was used as the exposure, whereas 8 different OA phenotypes, including any-site OA (All OA), knee and/or hip OA (knee/hip OA), knee OA, hip OA, spine OA, finger and/or thumb OA (hand OA), finger OA, thumb OA, were set the outcomes. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) was used for calculating causal estimates. Methods including weight mode, weight median, MR-egger, and MR-PRESSO were used for the sensitive analysis. Furthermore, metabolic pathway analysis was performed via the web-based Metaconflict 4.0. All statistical analyses were performed in R software.
Results
In this MR analysis, a total of 235 causative associations between metabolites and different OA phenotypes were observed. After false discovery rate (FDR) correction (FDR) correction and sensitive analysis, 9 robust causative associations between 7 metabolites (e.g., arginine, kynurenine, and isovalerylcarnitine) and 5 OA phenotypes were finally identified. Additionally, eleven significant metabolic pathways in 4 OA phenotypes were identified by metabolic pathway analysis.
Conclusion
The finding of our study suggested that identified metabolites and metabolic pathways can be considered useful circulating metabolic biomarkers for OA screening and prevention in clinical practice, and can also serve as candidate molecules for future mechanism exploration and drug target selection.
Age-related mating rates among ecologically distinct lineages of bedbugs, Cimex lectularius
Authors: Bartonička Tomáš , Křemenová Jana , Balvin Ondrej , Šimek Zdeněk , Otti Oliver
Published: January 2023

Understanding how many mates an animal has in its lifetime is a critical factor in sexual selection. At the same time, differences in an organism's ecology, such as the quantity and quality of food, could be reflected in different mating rates. Mating rate is thus an important measure, also on a population level, however, laboratory measurements cannot well mirror the situation in wild. The common bedbug (Cimex lectularius) is a well-established model for studying traumatic insemination and sexual conflict. The species comprises two host lineages that feed on bats (BL) or humans (HL). HL can constantly feed on human hosts throughout the year, while BLs feed only during summer months when their bat hosts occupy the roosts. Because mating in female bedbugs is closely linked to foraging, this system provides a valuable model to study mating variation in the field. We established a new method for estimating age-dependent mating rates of females in the wild by relating the accumulation of fluorescent pigment accumulation in the eyes of females to the number of mating scars that manifest as melanized spots caused by the injection of sperm through the wall of the female abdomen by the male into the spermalege. In addition, using laboratory bedbugs we found that three and a half observed matings on average lead to one observed melanized mating scar. Although young BL and HL females (with low pteridine concentrations) did not differ in the number of matings, the mating rate increased with age only in HL but not in BL females. We sampled on average older BL than HL females. The lack of access to food (bat blood) during winter could explain the lack of increase in the number of scars with age in BL. In species where mating leaves visible marks, using fluorescent pigments to determine female age (applicable to most arthropods) could be an important tool to study sexual selection and mating rate in the wild. The method can help formulate sustainable and biologically lucid approaches for their control.
Isaacs syndrome with LGI1 and CASPR2 antibodies after HPV vaccination: A case report
Authors: Yang Bu-Fan , Wei Wei , Duan Jing-Feng , Xiao Pei , Jing Yu , Tang Yu-Feng
Published: January 2023

Isaacs syndrome is peripheral nerve hyperexcitability characterized by spontaneous muscle twitching and rigidity and is often associated with antibodies to CASPR2 (contactin-associated protein-like 2) and LGI1(leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1). We report a patient with Isaacs syndrome, including clinical features, electrophysiological and laboratory investigations and post-treatment response. The patient presented with limb pain, muscle twitching, numbness in the extremities and around the mouth, and hand rash after the second dose of HPV vaccine. Laboratory tests indicated positive for LGI1 antibodies, CASPR2 antibodies, anti- phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies and anti-sulfatide antibodies. The patient's IVIG (intravenous immunoglobulin) treatment resulted in significant relief of symptoms and a negative antibody profile. This case report suggests a possible adverse reaction to HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) vaccination, which could be treated by attempting several periods of IVIG therapy. The underlying immune mechanisms need to be studied with further extensive data.
Effect of Viscous Dissipation and Induced Magnetic Field on an Unsteady Mixed Convective Stagnation Point Flow of a Nonhomogenous Nanofluid
Authors: Aiyashi M. A. , Abo-Dahab S.M.
Published: January 2023

In the study, we investigate the numerical investigation of variable vis-cous dissipation and source of heat or sink in mixed convective stagnation point flow the unsteady non-homogeneous nanofluid under the induced magnetic parameter. Considering similarity conversions, the governing of fundamental boundary of layer non-linear PDEs are transformed to equations of the non-linear differential type that, under appropriate boundary conditions, are numerically solved, and the MATLAB function bvp4c is considered to solve the resulting system. The obtained results are calculated numerically for non-dimensional velocity, temperature, and volume fraction and displayed graphically. Further, numbers of Nusselt and Sher-wood and local Skin of friction have been produced and displayed by graphs. The obtained findings agree with those introduced by others if the magnetic field and viscous dissipation are neglected.
Vitamin D deficiency contributes to the diabetic kidney disease progression via increased ZEB1/ZEB2 expressions
Authors: Souza Cláudia , Deluque Amanda , Oliveira Beatriz , Maciel Ana Lívia , Giovanini Cleonice , Boer Patrícia , de Paula Francisco José , Costa Roberto , Franscecato Heloísa , Almeida Lucas , Coimbra Terezila
Published: January 2023

Background Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains one of the main causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and mortality in diabetic patients worldwide. Vitamin D deficiency (VitDD) is one of the main consequences of different chronic kidney disease (CKD) types and is associated with rapid progression to ESRD. Nevertheless, the mechanisms that lead to this process are poorly understood. The aim of study was to characterize a model of diabetic nephropathy progression in VitDD and the epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) role in these process. MethodsWistar Hannoverrats received a diet with or without VitD before type 1 diabetes (T1D) induction. After this procedure, the rats were accompanied for 12 and 24 weeks after T1D induction and the renal function, structure, cell transdifferentiation markers and zinc finger e-box binding homeobox 1/2 (ZEB1/ZEB2) contribution to kidney damage were evaluated during the DKD progression. Results The results showed increased in glomerular tuft, mesangial and interstitial relative areas and renal function impairment in VitD-deficient diabetic rats compared to diabetic rats that received VitD-containing diet. These alterations can be associated with increased expression EMT markers, ZEB1 gene expression, ZEB2 protein expression and TGF-β1 urinary excretion. Decreased miR-200b expression, an important post-transcriptional regulator of ZEB1 and ZEB2 was also observed. Conclusion Our data demonstrated that VitD deficiency contributes to rapid development and progression of DKD in diabetic rats induced by increased ZEB1/ZEB2 expressions and miR-200b downregulation.