bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NGHIÊN CỨU PHẪU THUẬT NỘI SOI NGÁCH TRÁN BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP SOI BÓNG XOANG TRÁN DƯỚI SỰ HỖ TRỢ CỦA DỤNG CỤ LIGHT SEEKER TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐẠI HỌC Y DƯỢC THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH
Authors: Nguyễn Mai Phương Trang , Lê Minh Tâm , Nguyễn Hữu Dũng
Published: April 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Phẫu thuật xoang trán là phẫu thuật khó, dễ gây biến chứng các vùng lân cận. Dụng cụ Light Seeker giúp cho phẫu thuật viên xác định xoang trán một cách an toàn, hiệu quả. Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu ứng dụng phương pháp soi bóng xoang trán dưới sự hỗ trợ của dụng cụ “PathAssist Light Seeker” trong phẫu thuật nội soi ngách trán. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu tiền cứu, mô tả cắt ngang. Kết quả: Trong 55 ngách trán (28 bệnh nhân) phẫu thuật nội soi ngách trán dưới sự hỗ trợ của dụng cụ “PathAssist Light Seeker”. Tất cả đều mở ngách trán thành công, không gây biến chứng ở hốc mắt và sàn sọ trước. Viêm xoang trán kèm các xoang khác (96,36%), viêm xoang trán đơn thuần (3,64%), bệnh tích thường gặp vùng ngách trán phù nề niêm mạc (65,5%), thoái polyp mũi (61,8%), sẹo dính (12,7%). Nhóm tế bào trước gồm tế bào Agger nasi (83,6%), tế bào trên Agger nasi (32,7%); tế bào trên Agger nasi trán (3,6). Nhóm tế bào sau gồm tế bào trên bóng (43,6%); tế bào sàng trên hốc mắt (40%); tế bào trên bóng trán (9,1%). Đường kính trung bình trước sau của lỗ thông xoang trán 7,35±2,01 mm. Kết luận: “PathAssist Light Seeker” giúp phẫu thuật viên định vị được vị trí đang can thiệp, tự tin hơn trong việc xác định và mở rộng lỗ thông xoang trán. Tuy nhiên, “PathAssist Light Seeker” không thể thay thế được kiến thức về giải phẫu, CT scan và kỹ năng phẫu thuật của phẫu thuật viên.
The REPowerEU: An EU Climate Ambitions and Its Implications On Russian-European Energy Geopolitics Stability
Authors: Azis Abd , Marshanda Andrian Tiara , Nurhaliza Akhrianti Dinda
Published: April 2023

As the third largest carbon-emitting country in the world, the European Union has more responsibility to address the problem of preventing climate change. However, the climate management policies implemented by the European Union need to be more effective to achieve the long-term targets in the Paris Agreement. Responding to this, the European Union is planning a new policy, REPowerEU. REPowerEU is a follow-up effort from the European Union towards a clean energy transition and a form of Europe's anger towards Russia's geopolitical energy behaviour. In addition, the REPowerEU Plan is a tool the European Union uses to break away from energy dependence on Russia so that it can be more independent in determining foreign policy. This study aims to assess the impact of the implementation of the European Union's energy policy on Russian-European political stability. This study uses qualitative methods by collecting data through literature studies. This research is analyzed using the neoclassical realism paradigm based on energy geopolitics.  It found that there are positive and negative impact in applying REPowerEU to decrease dependency of Russia’s energy supply to Europe.
Do Firms’ Growth Rates Follow a Random Walk? Evidence from Incubated Small and Medium Enterprises in South Africa
Authors: Zhou Helper , Zondo Robert
Published: April 2023

Debate on the validity of the Law of Proportionate Effect (LPE) on firm growth is ongoing decades after it was postulated by Gibrat in 1931. The theoretical model which asserts that firm growth follows a random walk has been largely tested in developed economies using data from non-incubated firms, with scanty research in developing regions like Africa. This paper, therefore, aims to address this gap by being the first to assess the validity of Gibrat's law on incubated small, medium, and micro enterprises (SMMEs) in South Africa. The study utilised four-year panel data from 300 incubated SMMEs across the country, for the period between 2018 to 2021. Utilising the Law's generalised growth rate model, the generalised least square regression modelling was harnessed, using R Software. The findings, using sales as firm size proxy, confirmed Gibrat’s Law. The results showed that firm size had no effect on the sales growth rate of incubated firms, on the other hand when employment proxied performance the LPE was rejected. The findings provide important implications for both practitioners and pertinent stakeholders in the SMME sector in South Africa.
Pembelajaran Pementasan Teater dengan Metode Role Playing Berbasis Project Learning Bagi Mahasiswa Tbi IAI Al-Qolam
Authors: Zuhri Syaifudin , Kholik Kholik
Published: April 2023

One of the competencies that must be possessed by students of the Indonesian Language Education Study Program, especially at IAI Al-Qolam, is that students are able to perform theater performances. The curriculum of the Indonesian Language and Literature Education study program also requires students to take Theater Performance courses in the fifth semester. The competency will be mastered by students if they are able to performe based on project learning using the role playing method. Project learning will provide a real stage experience, they will be able to apply various theories related to theater that were previously taken in the Literary Studies course. The role playing method helps students become skillful in a theater performance. The capability of acting is a very important factor, because a character in a theater will have a better performance if the character is able to live up to every role he gets after casting. The role playing method is an effort to improve theater playing skills for students of the Indonesian Language Education Study Program at IAI Al-Qolam, which is expected to be an effective and fun learning method, so that students are motivated to play theater well.
Representasi Nilai Perjuangan Keluarga dalam Mencapai American Dream pada Film Drama Minari
Authors: Ariningrum Pramita
Published: April 2023

The basic principle of the American Dream as an opportunity for every individual to generate wealth and start a new beginning is widely discussed in a film. American Dream in Minari departs from struggles of Asian immigrant families in achieving the standard of success in America. The purpose of this study is to describe the meaning and value of family struggles concerning the process of achieving the American Dream in the scene contained in one of the drama films from the United States entitled Minari as a representation of human life. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach that is interpretive. Data collection techniques in the form of observation, documentation and literature study of each scene/ shot from the film Minari. The data validity technique in this study is in the form of data triangulation. In determining the theory and analysis techniques used critical paradigm. The data analysis technique used is the semiotic analysis of Charles Sander Pierce. The results of this study will show how immigrants from the point of view of Asian families struggle for their lives in the United States.
Economic development interventions in humanitarian settings: a promising approach but more evidence is needed
Authors: Kapoor Malhotra Suchi , Vigneri Marcella , Dela Cruz Nina , Hou Liangying , White Howard
Published: April 2023

Humanitarian crises caused by political events and environmental catastrophes forcibly displaced 82.4 million people around the world at the end of 2020. Many conflicts continue for several years, reconstruction can take a long time, and people may anyway be unwilling to return to hazardous environments. Displaced people may remain in their new locations for months or even years, not days or weeks. In response, economic development interventions for displaced populations have become more popular. This includes interventions that invest in the economic development of the host community, and so provide opportunities for those living in nearby camps. Economic development interventions provide a livelihood for displaced people and so reduce reliance on their external support, build or utilise their skills, and so reduce the chances of a culture of dependency and preserve the dignity of the displaced population. Investments in the host population can provide economic opportunities for displaced people and reduce the resentment which may arise if local people see substantial relief aid going into the camp and they get nothing. This brief summarises findings from a systematic review of economic development interventions in humanitarian settings.
Bean goose migration shows a long-term temporal shift to earlier spring, but not to later autumn migration in Finland
Authors: Kortesalmi Pihla , Pääkkönen Salli , Valkonen Janne , Nokelainen Ossi
Published: April 2023

Climate change can challenge the inherited or learned behavioural patterns that were useful in the past. In particular, it may change the spatio-temporal dynamics of migratory behaviour in birds. Here, we explored a 40-year-long time series of Bean Goose (Anser fabalis) observations using a citizen science database (tiira.fi – BirdLife Finland) to link the timing of the migration across last forty years and with the large-scale temporal weather fluctuation described by an index of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). During 1978–2018, the peak of spring migration of the Bean Goose has advanced approximately a month, whereas the timing of autumn migration has remained more similar across the years. The NAO index was associated only with spring migration. Strong temporal changes of the Bean Goose migration are evident as they adjust their migratory behaviour to changing spring conditions.
An Analysis of Non-Governmental Organisations’ Approach to Post-Conflict Peacebuilding in Northern Ghana
Authors: Yaro David Suaka , Konlan George Birteeb , Titigah Gregory
Published: April 2023

Non-governmental organisations in northern Ghana have been key actors in rural development and peacebuilding in conflict-affected communities. This study employed qualitative methods to critically examine how NGOs contributed to maintaining relative peace for the successful resolution of the crisis in Yendi after regicide in 2002. Forty- nine respondents were selected using purposive sampling criterion. Thematic descriptive approach was used for the analysis of the data.  The research reveals that peacebuilding NGOs, in partnership with the state agencies and international community, play significant stabilisation role in post-conflict societies due to their neutrality and general acceptability to conflict parties. Based on the perspectives of interview respondents, we argue for the state to focus on creating a conducive atmosphere while NGOs and other non-state actors synergize to effectively manage conflicts in affected societies until lasting solution can be achieved. Some of the recommendation are: Donors must be expanded in order to solicit sufficient funds for successful completion of peace initiatives. NGOs must expand their scope of operations, devise a comprehensive approach for addressing adverse activities and turning them into ‘builders’ in post-conflict settings.
Coarse particulate matter air quality in East Asia: implications for fine particulate nitrate
Authors: Zhai Shixian , Jacob Daniel J. , Pendergrass Drew C. , Colombi Nadia K. , Shah Viral , Yang Laura Hyesung , Zhang Qiang , Wang Shuxiao , Kim Hwajin , Sun Yele , Choi Jin-Soo , Park Jin-Soo , Luo Gan , Yu Fangqun , Woo Jung-Hun , Kim Younha , Dibb Jack E. , Lee Taehyoung , Han Jin-Seok , Anderson Bruce E. , Li Ke , Liao Hong
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Air quality network data in China and South Korea show very high year-round mass concentrations of coarse particulate matter (PM), as inferred by the difference between PM10 and PM2.5. Coarse PM concentrations in 2015 averaged 52 µg m−3 in the North China Plain (NCP) and 23 µg m−3 in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA), contributing nearly half of PM10. Strong daily correlations between
coarse PM and carbon monoxide imply a dominant source from anthropogenic
fugitive dust. Coarse PM concentrations in the NCP and the SMA decreased by
21 % from 2015 to 2019 and further dropped abruptly in 2020 due to COVID-19 reductions in construction and vehicle traffic. Anthropogenic
coarse PM is generally not included in air quality models but scavenges
nitric acid to suppress the formation of fine particulate nitrate, a major
contributor to PM2.5 pollution. GEOS-Chem model simulation of surface
and aircraft observations from the Korea–United States Air Quality (KORUS-AQ) campaign over the SMA in
May–June 2016 shows that consideration of anthropogenic coarse PM largely
resolves the previous model overestimate of fine particulate nitrate. The
effect is smaller in the NCP which has a larger excess of ammonia. Model
sensitivity simulations for 2015–2019 show that decreasing anthropogenic
coarse PM directly increases PM2.5 nitrate in summer, offsetting 80 % the effect of nitrogen oxide and ammonia emission controls, while in winter the presence of coarse PM increases the sensitivity of PM2.5 nitrate to ammonia and sulfur dioxide emissions. Decreasing coarse PM helps to explain the lack of decrease in wintertime PM2.5 nitrate observed in the NCP and the SMA over the 2015–2021 period despite decreases in nitrogen oxide and ammonia emissions. Continuing decrease of fugitive dust pollution means that more stringent nitrogen oxide and ammonia emission controls will be required to successfully decrease PM2.5 nitrate.
An optimisation method to improve modelling of wet deposition in atmospheric transport models: applied to FLEXPART v10.4
Authors: Van Leuven Stijn , De Meutter Pieter , Camps Johan , Termonia Piet , Delcloo Andy
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Wet deposition plays a crucial role in the removal of aerosols from the atmosphere. Yet, large uncertainties remain in its implementation in atmospheric transport models, specifically in the parameterisation schemes that are often used. Recently, a new wet deposition scheme was introduced in FLEXPART. The input parameters for its wet deposition scheme can be altered by the user, and may be case-specific. In this paper, a new method is presented to optimise the wet scavenging rates in atmospheric transport models such as FLEXPART. The optimisation scheme is tested in a case study of aerosol-attached 137Cs following the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident. From this, improved values for the wet scavenging input parameters in FLEXPART are suggested.
Modeling apparent Pb loss in zircon U-Pb geochronology
Authors: Sharman Glenn R. , Malkowski Matthew A.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Although the loss of radiogenic Pb from zircon is known to be a major factor that can cause inaccuracy in the U-Pb geochronological system, the distribution of Pb loss in natural samples has not been well characterized. Treatment of zircon by chemical abrasion (CA) has become standard practice in isotope dilution-thermal ionization mass spectrometry (ID-TIMS), but CA is much less commonly employed prior to in-situ analysis via laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) or secondary ionization mass spectrometry (SIMS). Differentiating the effects of low levels of Pb loss in Phanerozoic zircon with relatively low precision in-situ U-Pb dates, where the degree of Pb loss is insufficient to cause discernible discordance, is challenging. We show that U-Pb dates that have been perturbed by Pb loss may be modeled by convolving a Gaussian distribution, that represents the unperturbed U-Pb date distribution, with a distribution that characterizes Pb loss. We apply this mathematical framework to model the distribution of apparent Pb loss in 10 igneous samples that have both non-CA LA-ICP-MS or SIMS U-Pb dates and an estimate of the crystallization age, either through CA U-Pb or 40Ar/39Ar geochronology. All but one sample showed negative age offsets that were unlikely to have been drawn from an unperturbed U-Pb date distribution. Of the eight continuous distribution types we considered, modeling apparent Pb loss using the Weibull distribution produced, on average, the closest match with the non-CA U-Pb date distributions. We show two contrasting patterns in apparent Pb loss: samples where most zircon U-Pb dates undergo a bulk shift and samples where most zircon U-Pb dates exhibited low age offset but fewer grains had more significant offset. Our modeling framework allows comparison of relative degrees of apparent Pb loss between samples of different age, with the first and second Wasserstein distances providing useful estimates of the total magnitude of apparent Pb loss. Given that the large majority of in-situ U-Pb dates are acquired without the CA treatment, this study highlights a pressing need for improved characterization of apparent Pb loss distributions in natural samples to aid in interpreting non-CA in-situ U-Pb data and to guide future data collection strategies.
Novel Deep Learning Approaches for Mapping Variation of Ground Level from Spirit Level Measurements
Authors: Zarzoura Fawzi , Kaloop Mosbeh , Samui Pijush , Hu Jong Wan , Sabri Md Shayan , ElGharbawi Tamer
Published: April 2023

Abstract. This study investigates the use of new machine learning techniques in mapping variation in ground levels based on ordinary spirit levelling (SL) measurements. Convolution Neural Network (CNN), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and bi-directional LSTM (BI-LSTM) were developed and compared in the current study to estimate the leveling through SL measurements. SL measurements of the Manzalla region, Egypt, were used in the current study. 3253 datasets of SL observation points, including 229 benchmarks of precise levelling (PL), were used to design and verify the proposed model’s results. The results show the developed LSTM model outperforms CNN, RNN, and BI-LSTM in modeling ground leveling in the training and testing stages. The root mean square error and correlation determination of the LSTM model are 7.4 cm and 0.99, respectively, in the testing stage. The accuracy of mapping ground levelling through the developed LSTM model is close to 99 % in terms of model error.
Surface quality improvement for 316L additive manufactured prototype based on magnetorheological polishing
Authors: She Na , Gong Tao , Chen Bingsan , Lu Minrui , Xu Yongchao , Peng Xiaodong
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Additive manufacturing has attracted increasing attention in recent years due to its flexibility and near-net shaping advantages.
Although recent advancements in metal additive manufacturing accuracy have
met the post-processing requirement for dimensional tolerance, the finishing post-processing of functional surfaces must be further investigated in conjunction with material characteristics. This research aims to investigate the use of a flexible process in the polishing of additive molding samples. As an example, the surface of a 316L stainless steel sample formed by powder
bed laser melting was polished using magnetorheological polishing
technology. Magnetic field simulation was used to create a longitudinally
staggered magnetorheological polishing tool. Surface roughness and residual
stress were studied with process parameters such as abrasive content,
magnetic particle content, machining gap, and spindle speed. Results show
that the polishing effect is better at 4 % and 40 % abrasive and
magnetic particles, respectively. The surface roughness Ra is 99 nm when the working gap is 0.6 mm, the surface roughness Ra value is the lowest when the spindle speed is 600 r min−1. The surface roughness was reduced to 61.43 nm
after polishing the sample under improved processing conditions (4 %
abrasive, 40 % magnetic, 0.6 mm working clearance, 600 r min−1 spindle speed). A nano-scale smooth surface can be obtained by powder bed laser melting and magnetorheological polishing of 316L stainless steel.
Compensating errors in inversions for subglacial bed roughness: same steady state, different dynamic response
Authors: Berends Constantijn J. , van de Wal Roderik S. W. , van den Akker Tim , Lipscomb William H.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Subglacial bed roughness is one of the main factors
controlling the rate of future Antarctic ice-sheet retreat and also one of
the most uncertain. A common technique to constrain the bed roughness using
ice-sheet models is basal inversion, tuning the roughness to reproduce the
observed present-day ice-sheet geometry and/or surface velocity. However,
many other factors affecting ice-sheet evolution, such as the englacial
temperature and viscosity, the surface and basal mass balance, and the
subglacial topography, also contain substantial uncertainties. Using a basal
inversion technique intrinsically causes any errors in these other
quantities to lead to compensating errors in the inverted bed roughness.
Using a set of idealised-geometry experiments, we quantify these
compensating errors and investigate their effect on the dynamic response of
the ice sheet to a prescribed forcing. We find that relatively small errors
in ice viscosity and subglacial topography require substantial compensating
errors in the bed roughness in order to produce the same steady-state ice
sheet, obscuring the realistic spatial variability in the bed roughness.
When subjected to a retreat-inducing forcing, we find that these different
parameter combinations, which per definition of the inversion procedure
result in the same steady-state geometry, lead to a rate of ice volume loss
that can differ by as much as a factor of 2. This implies that ice-sheet
models that use basal inversion to initialise their model state can still
display a substantial model bias despite having an initial state which is
close to the observations.
Changes in the Lives of Peritoneal Dialysis Patients and Coping with it: Qualitative Study
Authors: UZDİL Nurcan , CEYHAN Özlem , ŞİMŞEK Nuray , BEKTAS Oktay
Published: April 2023

Purpose: In this study, it was aimed to determine the life changes and coping ways of peritoneal dialysis patients after peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment.

Material and Methods: Qualitative research method and phenomenology, which is a pattern of this method, were used in the study. The study group consisted of six peritoneal dialysis patients followed in the Adult Peritoneal Dialysis Unit Center. A semi-structured interview form was used as a data collection tool. During the research process, the interviews with the participants were audio-recorded with permission of the participants. After the audio recordings were written down, content analysis was made by creating code-category and themes. During the study, validity-reliability was tried to be ensured.

Results: The findings consist of two themes, thirteen categories and fifty codes. After the PD treatment, it was determined that the participants had problems in terms of nutritional status, sleep patterns, physical activity, social life, family relations, physical appearance, professional and sexual life, and adaptation to life. It was determined that they experienced the most financial difficulties the most in their lives after the PD treatment, and all the participants stated that they wanted to receive government financial support.

Conclusion: In line with these results, it is recommended to establish counseling centers that can provide psychosocial support to patients, establish psychoeducational programs, initiate necessary procedures to create financial support within the state, and initiate public awareness on kidney transplantation.

Keywords: End-stage renal disease, Peritoneal dialysis, Qualitative research.
Análisis de los Tweets de los minoristas de alimentación que operan en España y UK. Cómo el análisis del contenido generado por los usuarios en Twitter puede ayudar a las cooperativas agroalimentarias a establecer mejores relaciones con sus clientes
Authors: Borrero Sánchez Juan Diego
Published: April 2023

Twitter es una destacada plataforma de medios sociales utilizada ampliamente por las empresas alimentarias para compartir información con los consumidores. Este estudio tiene como objetivo determinar el comportamiento en Twitter de diferentes minoristas de alimentación que operan en España y el Reino Unido para arrojar luz sobre sus intereses y afinidades. El estudio recopiló y analizó un total de 54.000 tweets de las cuentas oficiales de Twitter de 17 minoristas de alimentación. Analizando el contenido generado por los minoristas de alimentación en Twitter con el recuento de palabras, el análisis de contenido generado por estos usuarios y el análisis de redes sociales, se detectaron algunas características que podrían ser relevantes para los proveedores de estos minoristas de alimentación. La identificación de las diferencias en la actividad y las comunicaciones en Twitter, así como también las afinidades entre algunos de ellos, confirman el potencial de los datos de Twitter como fuente de información para realizar estudios de marketing en general. Del mismo modo, descubrimos que la adopción de la analítica de datos de Twitter por los responsables de marketing de las cooperativas agroalimentarias podría ser muy útil para avanzar en las estrategias centradas en el cliente. Finalmente, la investigación presenta las limitaciones y propone nuevas líneas de trabajo futuro.
FEMINIST APPROACHES TO DISINFORMATION STUDIES
Authors: Marwick Alice E. , Losh Elizabeth , Schlüter Maximilian , Markham Annette , Phipps E. Brooke
Published: April 2023

Disinformation, inaccurate information spread intentionally for profit, ideology, or harm is a major public issue and a significant object of study across disciplines However, much scholarship treats “disinformation” as an irritant without recognizing that it often harnesses metanarratives about inequality and identity, and disproportionately impacts marginalized communities. For example, counting how many “sockpuppet” accounts contribute to a Twitter hashtag reveals that they do not represent genuine opinions of unique individuals, but does not capture whether they advance cultural narratives about race and gender. Disinformation campaigns are also often mischaracterized as “information warfare” or “psychological operations” and reduced to military-style masculinized logics of conflict and dominance in which “threat” is framed as a matter of “cybersecurity." This leaves out complex dynamics of identity, intersectionality, affect, labor, and material infrastructures. Feminist theory, methods, and perspectives are particularly well suited to exploring such issues. This panel brings together scholars working at different edges of this nascent discipline to explore what disinformation studies can learn from feminist scholars in rhetoric, communication, and science and technology studies.
LOCATING AND THEORIZING PLATFORM POWER
Authors: Poell Thomas , Nieborg David , Van Dijck José , Caplan Robyn , Helmond Anne , Van der Vlist Fernando , Chen Julie , Plantin Jean-Christophe
Published: April 2023

This panel locates and theorizes platform power through five case studies, focussing on: 1) video sharing platforms, 2) app stores, 3) programmatic advertising networks, 4) labor staffing intermediaries, and 5) cloud computing. Each case study starts with the question: where do relations of dependence take shape on the examined platform(s) and how are these relations organized? Addressing this question, the panelists hypothesize that platform power is exerted, codified, and operationalized around particular infrastructural platform services, which enable specific economic activities, such as advertising, content sharing, data analysis, labor staffing and management, cloud hosting, and so on. Examining these services, the panelists specifically focus on the evolution of platforms. Infrastructural services, such as Facebook Reels or the Apple’s App Store each set standards and provide gateways for complementors–content and service providers, advertisers, data intermediaries, talent agencies–to access other institutional actors, data, and end-users. Yet, such services are also constantly adapted to local regulatory frameworks, to retain end-users and complementors, and to respond to competitors in platform ecosystems. In turn, such changes force complementors to adapt their own operations to continue offering their products and services through the platform. It is in these moments of change, when relations of dependence are reshuffled, that platform power becomes most visible. In combination, the five case studies will provide more detailed insights into how and where relations of dependence take shape in the platform ecosystem and how these relations evolve over time.
PLATFORMS AND THE PRECARITY OF CREATOR (IN)VISIBILITY
Authors: Stegeman Hanne Marleen , Poell Thomas , Duffy Brooke Erin , Jokubauskaitė Emilija , Cotter Kelley , Velthuis Olav , Meisner Colten
Published: April 2023

This panel examines the tension between visibility and invisibility in the platform-creator relationship with a focus on highly precarious areas of cultural production, including online sex workers, body activists, and LGBTQ+ content creators. Together, the panelists consider: what kinds of creators are made visible on platforms? Conversely, who remains invisible? How do platforms and their algorithms afford (in)visibility to marginalized and stigmatized creators? How do these groups resist top-down (in)visibility regimes? Finally, how do such (in)visibility regimes challenge or reaffirm other forms of social marginalization? Primarily drawing on interviews with creators on a variety of social media and webcam sex platforms, the panelists examine the complex dynamic between visibility and invisibility. The first paper studies the role of algorithmic labor and capital in the wider hierarchies that structure the contemporary creator economy. In turn, the second paper further develops this inquiry, studying how people of size grapple with their datafied presence and develop strategies for safely navigating algorithmically mediated hyper(in)visibility. The third paper focuses on performers on webcam sex platforms, showing how these performers engage with visibility beyond that provided by platform algorithms, while simultaneously seeking invisibility, where possible. Finally, the fourth paper—drawing on an interface analysis of 50 high-traffic webcam sex platforms—analyzes the information and affordances available to performers. Taken together, the panelists show how platforms shape the kinds of (in)visibility afforded to precarious laborers, while also showing how they seek to resist this erasure and challenge the vulnerabilities of being “seen.”
EMERALD EXTRACTIVISM: BORDERS, ENERGY, AND DATA INFRASTRUCTURES IN IRELAND
Authors: Brodie Patrick
Published: April 2023

In November 2020, a video surfaced on Twitter showing the earth moving underneath the feet of a local hillwalker. The video documented a massive peat landslide at the border between Ireland and Northern Ireland, caused by the construction of the Meenbog Wind Farm. The landslide destroyed a swathe of active peat bog and polluted a watershed which spanned both sides of the border, prompting governmental and legal action from agencies and organizations in Ireland, Northern Ireland, and UK.

A key piece of the puzzle, however, was that the Meenbog Wind Farm had in 2019 sold its future energy to global logistics and cloud giant Amazon to power its data centre operations in Dublin, over 200km away from this wind farm site in rural Donegal. The data infrastructure company’s decarbonization efforts were following fault lines and toxic legacies of colonial expansion, the imagined perpetual growth of data systems having unintended consequences at Ireland's contested internal border. By analyzing data centre and energy policy, public discourse around these infrastructural systems, and drawing upon site-specific fieldwork, this paper will confront the re-organization of political and environmental relations at the border with regards to emerging renewable energy and data entanglements. Engaging with vibrant discourses of “green extractivism” during the transition to renewable energy, the paper will approach bordering mechanisms cutting through Ireland as sites of contestation about what present and future extractive energy and data supply chains will look like, who will bear their burdens, and who will have a voice in shaping them.
THE ALGORITHMIC FLOW OF HARMFUL INDUSTRIES ADVERTISING ON SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS
Authors: Carah Nicholas , Brown Maria-Gemma , Dobson Amy , Robards Brady
Published: April 2023

Advertising shapes our larger public culture but the typical experience of advertising is now confined to our private and algorithmically-customised social media feeds. In this project, with our partner VicHealth, we used a participatory digital method to work with 204 young Australians aged 18 to 25 to collect 5169 examples of alcohol, gambling and fast food advertising from their social media feeds. We analyse the collections of advertisements each participant sent us. The patterns across participants’ collections illustrate how social media platforms’ advertising models ‘learn’ to reflect and reproduce the identities and subject positions of participants. The collections of ads we see on social media are an important object of study because they reveal not just the symbolic content and targeting patterns of particular ads, but also because they illustrate how advertising on social media algorithmically-curates an immersive cultural experience. Our study demonstrates how social media continues the larger social role advertising plays in the construction and maintenance of consumer subjectivities. The algorithmic flow of advertising on social media is now the basis of our everyday engagement with advertising. We need to conceptualise advertising on social media not only using concepts of ‘targeting’ that imply the precise identification of our characteristics, but instead as a complex feedback loop between the refinement of ad content and themes, the data-driven optimization of audiences, and our reflexive and fluid identities, interests and aesthetic sensibilities.
DADBOT AND WHAT ‘HE’ REVEALS ABOUT REDDIT’S EVERYDAY PLATFORM CULTURE
Authors: Carlon Dominique Maree
Published: April 2023

_u/dadbot_3000_ is one of many from a collective of DadBots that claim to bring ‘dad jokes’ and bad puns to Reddit. In practice, DadBots are better known for simply commenting ‘Hi, I’m Dad’ and together they have fostered a well-known presence and identity on the Reddit platform. The presence of bots such as _u/dadbot_3000_ demonstrate how online communities engage with semi-autonomous entities in a creative, ‘playful’ (Massanari, 2016) and sometime humorous way. Bots are frequently examined as problematic on account of their potential to distort social interaction, spread misinformation, and disrupt political process (Dubois & McKelvey, 2019; Albadi, et al., 2019; Shao et al., 2018). However bots such as _u/dadbot_3000_ can also be entertaining, engage in humour or contribute to the cultural landscape where they operate. This paper will present a cultural biography of _u/dadbot_3000_, examining its interactions with other bots and human users. A time series of events will highlight patterns across the bot’s lifespan, depicting controversies, connections, and how attitudes and interactions with the bot evolve over time. By tracing the life stories of _u/dadbot_3000_, this research will add insight into how bots, and people’s perception of them reflect, and contribute to the culture and architecture of online platform environments.
DATA COLONIALISM AND DATA SOVEREIGNTY IN INDIGENOUS SPACES
Authors: Cocq Coppélie
Published: April 2023

This paper will discuss a topic of prioritized importance in contemporary Indigenous research: data sovereignty. In the light of the historical and cultural contexts in which we conduct our research, we need to drastically question and decenter research practices that could contribute to reiterating, maintaining, and amplifying colonial practices and perspectives. Data harvesting is such a practice, and an issue of immediate interest on the agenda of Indigenous researchers and allies. Efforts toward ethically valid and cultural-sensitive modes of data use are taking shape in Indigenous research, calling for an increased awareness about the topic among scholars within the interdisciplinary field of digital research.

This presentation takes its point of departure in Sápmi, the traditional area of settlement of the Indigenous Sámi people, and in ongoing research and initiatives in the area. The international research context constitutes the framework for contextualizing topical debates and issues in Sápmi. First, I will approach and examine practices and principles of data collection, data management and data curation through the lens of Indigenous research. Second, I will discuss examples of digital initiatives in curatorship of Indigenous traditional knowledge, for instance the labelling of cultural heritage, use of metadata and access to library and archive collections. Current debates and ongoing works about ethical guidelines and about the application of FAIR and CARE principles will be central in this discussion.
CURATING VIRALITY: EXPLORING CURATED LOGICS WITHIN #BLACKLIVESMATTER ON TWITTER
Authors: Duan Yiran , Hemsley Jeff , Smith Alexander , Gandhi Dhwani , Gray LaVerne
Published: April 2023

This study investigates the information sharing behavior of different levels of Twitter influencers within the context of the #BlackLivesMatter social movement and its related discussions #AlllivesMatter and #BlueLivesMatter during the 2-week period around Derek Chauvin’s trial. Using qualitative content analysis and quantitative machine learning methods, we analyzed over one million retweets to test if different levels of influencers tend to spread different kinds of information in the discussions around #All/Black/BlueLivesMatter on Twitter. We found out that different levels of influencers tend to spread different information within and between the #All/Black/BlueLivesMatter, and we offer some explanations through the lens of curation logics. We suggest that different levels of influencers may be exposed to different incentives, and be facing different social norms, which leads to different information behaviors. This research contributes to updating the theory of curated logics, virality, and influencers, as well as provides empirical data for the discussions of the #BlackLivesMatter social movement and its related discussions of #AllLivesMatter and #BlueLivesMatter.
UNCIVIL FOR CIVIL RIGHTS: A MACHINE LEARNING AND QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF INCIVILITY IN THE TWITTER-BASED CONVERSATION ABOUT BLACK LIVES MATTER
Authors: Eschmann Rob , Guo Lei , Copeland Phillipe , Groshek Jacob
Published: April 2023

This study uses a combination of machine-learning and fine-tuned qualitative analysis to explore the online disinhibition effect in Twitter-based discourse around #BlackLivesMatter. Our analysis shows that uncivil tweets in the nonmobile dataset are twice as likely to be overtly racist and challenge Black Lives Matter. And in both nonmobile and mobile tweets, uncivil language is deployed in a variety of ways that are sometimes consistent with how we understand the online disinhibition effect, but sometimes not. As such, this study advances our understanding of instances where actors indulge in the more harmful forms of disinhibition such as personal attacks, vulgar language, and hate speech, which are often termed “toxic disinhibition.” In sum, these findings add nuance to the way we understand the online disinhibition effect and responds to a vital gap in the existing body of knowledge.
HOW TO DO THINGS WITH “VALUES”: A CROSS-LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF THE MEANINGS AND FUNCTIONS OF A CORE CONCEPT ON TWITTER
Authors: Green Avishai , Shibuya Yuya , Trillo Tommaso , Mizoroki Saki , Scharlach Rebecca , Hallinan Blake , Park Tim , Levi Effi , Segev Elad , Shaul Shenhav  , Shifman Limor
Published: April 2023

The term _values_ is prominent in political discourse. Yet its ubiquity is matched by its vagueness, especially when considering usage among different cultures. Twitter provides a promising venue for exploring the contested political discourse surrounding this term.

In this paper, we study the use of the term values on Twitter across different language communities. We ask: _what meanings do users ascribe to the term “values”?_ and _what are the social and political discursive functions of the term?_ For both questions, we will explore cross-cultural similarities and differences.

We compiled a corpus of around 15 million tweets containing the term _values_ from 2019-2021 in English, German, Italian, Japanese, and Korean. We use two complementary methods for analyzing the data: 1) a big-data computational analysis, finding the most prominent terms co-occurring with and phrases containing the term _values_; 2) a systematic content analysis of a smaller subset of the corpus.

*Preliminary Results of English and Japanese tweets suggest* fundamental differences in how the two languages frame _values_: while the term in English appears mainly in a partisan political context, Japanese usage is far more personal and apolitical. In the English corpus, the term is often invoked in politically motivated rhetorical attacks, often alleging hypocrisy. In the Japanese corpus, tweeters use the term to promote a societal norm of respecting others’ values and to discuss generational gaps.

Our analysis demonstrates the potential of Twitter-based research for unpacking the meanings and functions of this core concept, across cultures.
COMING OUT AND COMING UP: QUANTIFYING QUEER IMMATERIAL LABOR
Authors: Homant Ellie , Russell Aspen
Published: April 2023

Like the broader beauty industry, YouTube’s beauty vlogosphere has historically been dominated by gender- and sexually normative White woman. However, in recent years, a new class of racially diverse, queer-identified beauty vloggers have risen to fame on the platform, garnering millions of subscribers and lucrative brand deals. Previous scholarship has identified the specific type of labor that queer online content creators undertake as “queer immaterial labor,” which recognizes that (1) immaterial labor is not performed in the same way by creators in online spaces, but rather is structured by complex interplay between a variety of social identities; and (2) that queer influencers undertake labor that is specific to the queer community (e.g. performance of the coming-out narrative, employing queer cultural resources) (Homant and Sender, 2019). Our goal is to use a computational approach to measure its two primary facets: amount of labor and unique labor practices. This can be accomplished by returning to YouTube and expanding the sample of queer and non-queer beauty vloggers with broader metrics for comparison. We will use a mixture of comments, transcripts, and video metadata to characterize and contextualize the amount and type of labor performed by a sample of popular queer beauty vloggers (>100,000 subscribers) in comparison to their straight peers. Our goal is to provide a series of descriptive comparisons across this large sample of beauty vloggers on YouTube. Insights will allow us to directly point to areas of potentially inequitable output and differences in labor practices across these two groups.
QUALITATIVE EVIDENCE ON CHILLING EFFECTS—HOW USERS’ IMAGINARIES OF DATAVEILLANCE LEAD TO INHIBITED DIGITAL BEHAVIOR
Authors: Kappeler Kiran , Festic Noemi , Latzer Michael
Published: April 2023

Our everyday life has become highly digitized, and all our online actions leave digital data traces that are automatically collected, aggregated, and analyzed. Emerging research shows that this dataveillance can lead to chilling effects on mundane and legitimate information and communication behaviors. However, the extent to which a sense of dataveillance deters individuals from freely engaging in legitimate digital behaviors remains empirically understudied. Therefore, we ask: How do internet users imagine dataveillance? And how does this perception lead to people limiting their digital behavior?

To address these questions, we conduct qualitative semi-structured interviews with 15 individuals. Our results contribute to a better understanding of people’s imaginaries of dataveillance, as well as sources for these perceptions and reactions towards them in terms of chilled digital behaviors. We show how imagined sources of dataveillance can range from states to corporate actors and how knowledge about dataveillance can originate in news coverage on data scandals or own experiences. Also, we identify further legitimate, mundane behaviors in other life domains like participating in online dating and buying things online that are affected by a sense of dataveillance and have so far been neglected in research on chilling effects.

These results contribute to an empirically founded understanding of the nature of a sense of dataveillance and resulting chilling effects on digital behavior. They provide the basis for a representative survey and a mobile experience sampling study as part of a mixed-methods research design investigating chilling effects on a population level.
RESISTING FRANCHISE CORPORATE CONTROL: HOW THE INTERNET ENABLES LOCAL PRACTICES IN POKÉMON PLAY
Authors: Kempton Allen
Published: April 2023

Despite being a friendly face for children and an ambassador brand for Japan, Pokémon has always had a strong corporate side. As the Internet and technologies for hacking and communication became more available, players became more disillusioned about the friendliness of Pokémon as a franchise. The controlling nature of Game Freak along with the growing perception of lack of respect for its consumers has created a negative perception of the corporate aspect of the franchise. As a result, a global duality emerged; a corporate, franchise centered component versus a fan based, community-driven culture. In the global nature of Pokémon, where then does the local fit in? How do local Canadian players perceive, negotiate, and resist the corporate and global cultures to make their own play practices?

This study examines ways in which the global aspect of Pokémon, both the corporate side and the community culture, influence the play practices of local Canadian players. Through one-on-one interviews, adult Pokémon players who have played Pokémon since the 1990s, provide insights into ways the Internet and other communication technologies have impacted the way they perceive and play Pokémon games. By grounding the nebulous idea of metaplay with 3 components, being metagaming, paratexts, and gaming capital, we can better understand contemporary digital play practices by integrating the communicative nature of the tools players use not only to play their games and expand their experience and knowledge, and how this works not only on a global, cultural level, but also the local, individual level.