bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Typy środowisk recepcyjnych turystyki – aspekt geograficzny
Authors: Bachvarov Marin
Published: August 2021

Artykuł dotyczy relacji między turystyką a typem środowiska fizycznogeograficznego (krajobrazu recepcyjnego). Wyróżniamy cztery podstawowe recepcyjne środowiska fizyczne (wybrzeża, tereny górskie i podgórskie, równiny i pojezierza, obszary miejskie i podmiejskie). Każde z nich wykazuje znaczną specyfikę tworzenia przestrzeni turystycznej oraz charakterystyczne układy etapów i form rozwoju turystyki. Niezależnie od odmienności poszczególnych środowisk recepcyjnych istnieje uniwersalny trzon relacji środowiska recepcyjnego z turystyką, który w naszym przekonaniu pozwala na Uogólnienia teoretyczne, metodyczne i rozwiązania modelowe.
​Ecotoxicology and Its Impact on Ecosystem: A Review
Authors: Singh R.P. , Chandra Naresh , Swamy Madhu , Bharti Shashi
Published: August 2021

Ecotoxicology is a relatively new science that helps to protect the existing ecosystem from toxic environmental pollutants. The scientists are working towards prediction, observation, monitoring, risk assessment and prevention from these toxicants and their harmful effects on population, community and ecosystem. It is a multidisciplinary field, which integrates toxicology, chemistry and ecology. Presently the human interventions and chemical production without proper disposal are one of the most responsible factors for presence of harmful pollutants in the biosphere. The toxic chemical may cause detrimental effects like change in behavior pattern of population, reduced growth, physiological and molecular changes and developmental changes ultimately may change the whole exposed ecosystem. Although, ecotoxicologists are facing a lot of problems to predict the effect of a chemical on an individual living population, they are doing a great job to protect our ecosystem.
​Process Optimisation and Quality Evaluation of Passion Fruit and Pineapple based Probiotic Drink
Authors: Meera P.M. , Sharon C.L. , Panjikkaran Seeja Thomachan , Aneena E.R. , Lakshmy P.S. , Gomez Saji
Published: August 2021

Background: The functions of food has extended from satisfying hunger and providing nutrients to the body, health maintenance, well being and prevention of diseases. Probiotics are such functional food and when they are incorporated to locally available foods, it helps to improve the nutritional profile and therapeutic value. Hence, the study entitled “Process optimisation and quality evaluation of passion fruit and pineapple probiotic drink” was undertaken with the objective of standardising probiotic fruit drink with passion fruit and pineapple and also to evaluate the nutritional and organoleptic qualities of these developed passion fruit and pineapple probiotic drinks. Methods: In the present study 5 treatments along with one control with 3 replications were standardized. Passion fruit juice (PFJ) was used as the major ingredient and used in varying proportions starting from 50 to 90 per cent with 10 to 50 per cent of pineapple juice (PJ). The best treatment was selected through sensory evaluation along with control by using a score card with nine point hedonic scale. In the selected treatments optimization for the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus with regard to substrate concentration, time of incubation, temperature of incubation and inoculum concentration were done. The probiotic drinks and their respective controls were then analysed for their nutrient composition like TSS, titratable acidity, energy and ascorbic acid. Result: Among the various treatments, highest scores for organoleptic qualities was observed in treatment having 70 per cent passion fruit juice and 30 per cent pineapple juice (T3) with a mean score of 8.52 for overall acceptability. The selected juice was optimized for the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus and had a viable count of 13.38 log cfu ml-1. The probiotic and non probiotic drinks had TSS content of 12.8 and 13.5° Brix, titratable acidity of 2.28 and 2.03 per cent, energy of 59.32 and 68.96 Kcal and ascorbic acid of 10 and 12.8 mg 100g-1 respectively.
Identification of β Casein Genotypes in Indian Gir and Crossbred Exotic Cows from Mumbai Dairy Farms
Authors: Paradkar P.H. , Loke V.M. , Godse C.G. , Vaidya R.A. , Vaidya A.D.B.
Published: August 2021

Background: Collective evidence of polymorphic β-casein and associated health problems has led to the concern about milk consumption and cow breeding policies worldwide. This association has also engrossed the interest of dairy scientist and industry in evaluation of β casein genotype distribution. With increasing proportion of exotic and crossbred cows in India it is worth while to screen cattle for A1A2 β casein and enhance indigenous cow breeds. Methods: The present study intended to identify β casein genotypes in pure Indian Gir cows and crossbred Holstein and jersey cows from three local dairy farms. We analysed β casein genotypes by PCR-RFLP method in total 95 cows during the period of 2017-2019. Result: All the indigenous Gir cows had fixed A2 allele whereas crossbred Jersey and Holstein Frisian both had A1A2 as the most common genotype (frequency: 0.473 and 0.6 respectively) followed by A2A2 (Frequency 0.368 and 0.333 respectively) and A1A1 (Frequency 0.158 and 0.066 respectively). The results show that in this study group Gir, a native Indian breed has fixed A2 β casein variant whereas crossbred Jersey and Holstein Frisian have A1A2 as a most common genotype. Screening of cattle for â casein genotypes is vital to monitor the frequency of A1 beta casein in native Indian cow breeds.
Impact of Extreme Hot Environmental Temperature Period on Marker Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Non-descript Sheep from Arid Tracts of Rajasthan
Authors: Srivastava Anandita , Kataria Nalini
Published: August 2021

Background: The present investigation was envisaged to find out the impact of extreme hot environmental temperature period (ETP) on marker enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in male and female non-descript sheep of various age groups i.e. 4 to 13 months from arid tracts of Rajasthan. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) marker enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism were considered for study. Methods: During the period October 2016-June 2017 blood samples were collected to harvest sera for spectrophotometric method from 240 healthy animals selected from private slaughter house during moderate and extreme hot environmental temperature periods (ETPs). The mean values of markers attained during moderate ETP were reckoned as the control. It was 10.00 ± 0.10 UL-1 and 42.00±1.00 respectively. Conclusion: The mean value of MDH was significantly (p≤0.05) higher while G-6-PDH significantly (p≤0.05) lowers during extreme hot temperature in comparison to moderate period. Therefore, it could be concluded that variations in enzyme markers were associated with changes in environmental temperatures. Probably ETP were able to produce a profound effect on carbohydrate metabolism in sheep. Therfore it can be suggested that during the period of extreme temperature balanced ration must be provided to the animal along with proper management to decrease the severity of temperature impact.
Efficacy of Immunization of Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) Against the Challenge with Different Eimeria Species
Authors: Elmorsy M.A. , Das M. , Senapati S.K. , Jena G.R. , Mishra S. , Panda S.K. , Kundu A.K. , Kumar D.
Published: August 2021

Background: Coccidiosis is one of the most dangerous diseases infecting Japanese quails. This work was conducted to study the efficacy of immunization of Japanese quail against the challenge with different Eimeria species causing coccidiosis and to optimize the dose of live sporulated oocysts that give immunity without adverse effects. Methods: Dropping samples were collected from different Japanese quail pens of the Central Poultry Development Organization, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. Isolation, identification, single oocyst isolation and propagation were done for each species. On the 2nd day of age, Japanese quails were divided into 10 groups and orally inoculated with low doses, 100 and 1000 live sporulated oocysts, of each isolated Eimeria species separately. Four weeks post-immunization, the quails were challenged with a high dose of the respective species. Immunization efficacy was assessed regarding clinical signs, mortality rate, weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, oocysts output, lesion scores and hematological parameters. Result: All collected samples were Eimeria positive. Three Eimeria species were isolated and identified as E. bateri, E. uzura and E. tsunodai. Experimental results revealed that the immunized quails, either by 100 or 1000 oocysts of any isolated species, showed better results compared to the challenged, non-immunized controls. The 100-oocysts dose gave better results than those of 1000-oocysts dose without significant differences. These results indicated the effectiveness of immunization as an important tool in the management of Japanese quail coccidiosis.
​Comparative Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Jamunapari, Barbari and their Crossbred under Stall Fed Condition
Authors: Singh M.K. , Kumar Ravindra , Ranjan Ravi , Kumar Arvind , Kumar Akhilesh , Bhusan S.
Published: August 2021

Background: Large variation for body size and weight exist among indigenous goat breeds. Many livestock development agencies recommending crossbreeding of large size goats with small and medium sizes to increase the body size, growth rate, dressing weight and dressing percentage of progeny without being systemic data and combining ability among breeds used. In view of above crossbreeding experiment was conducted by crossing Jamunapari male with Barbari female. Methods: Ten Barbari females were crossed with medium size two Jamunapari male. The crossbred males (07) were kept under stall feeding on high input diet along with Barbari and Jamunapari pure-bred males at weaning. The growth (body weight and average daily weight gains) were studied up to 9 months of age. The animals were slaughtered at 9 months and carcass traits (dressing weight and percentage) were studied. Result: Pre-weaning growth (0-3m) was statistically similar (P greater than 0.05) in all the group of goats. However different trend was obtained in post weaning growth stage, ADG being significantly (P less than 0.05) more in Jamunapari breed (94.10g) as compared to Barbari (73.43g) and crossbred goats (74.24g). The dressing (%) was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher in Jamunapari goats (47.28) as compared to Barbari (40.47) and crossbred (40.44). The carcass results revealed that growth and carcass performance was highest in Jamunapari kids and significantly different from pure bred Barbari and crossbred kids. However, Carcass traits (Carcass weight and Dressing percent) performances were not significantly different in between Barbari and Jamunapari x Barbari crossbred kids. Thus, crossing of Jamunapari with Barbari breed is not being suggested to increase body weight and carcass attributes of crossbreed progeny.
​Detection of Carbapenemase Genes (bla-NDM, bla-KPC, bla-OXA-48) in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species, Isolated from Milk Samples of Bovine in Eastern Plain Zone of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Yadav Vibha , Joshi Rajesh Kumar , Joshi Namita , Kumar Amit , Singh Satyavrat
Published: August 2021

Background: Among enterobacteria E. coli and Klebsiella spp. are of great concern in health care settings, as these bacteria sometimes may contaminate the milk due to unhygienic practices and poor udder condition which have been associated with various illnesses. Therefore, this study aimed to detect the carbapenem resistant E. coli and Klebsiella spp. of bovine milk origin with regard to the risk of human transfer via the food chain in community. Methods: Total 240 samples were collected from Ayodhya and Sultanpur districts of Eastern Plain Zone of Uttar Pradesh (India). Confirmation of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. isolates was done by using species specific uidA and 16S rRNA gene, respectively. Then, carbapenemase positive E. coli and Klebsiella spp. were confirmend by DDST, MBL E-strip test and PCR analysis by targeting (bla-NDM, bla-OXA-48 and bla-KPC). Antibiogram of all carbapenemase positive isolates was performed against 20 antibiotics of 12 different classes. Result: In the present study, total 74(30.83%) isolates were identified including 55(22.92%) E. coli and 19(7.92%) Klebsiella spp. by PCR, out of which 12(16.21%) isolates were confirmed as carbapenemase producers comprising 7(12.72%) E. coli and 5(26.31%) Klebsiella spp by DDST and E-strip. All carbapenemase positive E. coli were found 100% sensitive to polymyxin-B and chloramphenicol, while all Klebsiella spp. were 100% sensitive to amikacin and polymyxin-B. Resistance against imipenem, meropenem, cefotaxime, cefpodoxime, ceftazidime, ceftriazone, aztreonam and ampicillin ranged between 80.0%-100%. All carbapenemase positive isolates were found multidrug resistant. Carbapenemase genes bla-NDM and bla-KPC were detected in E. coli while bla-OXA-48 and bla-KPC were detected in Klebsiella spp.
​Evaluation of Bio-control Agents and Organic Amendments for Managing Root Rot (Rhizoctonia solani) of Clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba)
Authors: Shivran Manisha , Ghasolia R.P. , Bajaya Tejpal
Published: August 2021

Background: Root rot of clusterbean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] caused by Rhizoctonia solani is an important menace and causes significant economic losses in India and chemical pesticides are mostly used to overcome this problem. As per environment and health issues and demand of organic produce, the current study aimed to find the most effective control measure of this dreaded disease through eco-friendly approaches. Methods: The present field-laboratory investigations were conducted during 2018, to evaluate four bio-agents in vitro and in vivo (Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens) and five organic amendments in vivo namely wool waste (@ 50 q/ ha), human hair (@ 50 q/ ha), mustard cake (@ 5 q/ ha), castor cake (@ 6 q/ ha) and neem cake (@ 5 q/ ha) were evaluated. Result: Our investigations in vitro with bio-agents depicted that T. harzianum was highly inhibitory (62.65 %) followed by T. viride (48.52%). Seed-cum-soil application (6g/kg seed + 6kg/ha) of T. harzianum was found most superior in reducing disease incidence (74.03%) followed by Trichoderma viride (69.83%) while in organic amendments, neem cake (5 q/ha) was found highly effective (70.07%) followed by castor cake (64.40%), mustard cake, wool waste and least effective was human hair. Though, wool waste and human hair least effective in disease management but preliminarily results indicated encouraging response with dual action, one in reducing disease and another in increasing plant biomass that open the future scope of further more sustainable experimentations. The findings of this study can be utilized to manage the disease effectively and eco-friendly.
Evaluation of Pre and Post Emergence Herbicides in Greengram (Vigna radiata L.) during Kharif and Rabi Seasons in the Uplands of Krishna Zone of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Rani B. Pramila , Venkateswarlu E.
Published: August 2021

Background: Greengram crop is grown round the year as a catch crop in different cropping systems of the uplands of the Krishna Zone of Andhra Pradesh. The practice of application of pre emergence herbicide like pendimethalin is very popular with the farmers for the control of weeds in the uplands, both in kharif and rabi seasons. Further spraying of a selective post emergence herbicide is also practiced by farmers. However, some of the weeds of kharif viz., Phyllanthus maderaspatensis and rabi viz., Chrozophora rottleri could not be controlled with these herbicides due to their late emergence or due to development of partial resistance to these herbicides. Certain new pre (PE) and post emergence (PoE) herbicides viz., pendimethalin 30% + imazethapyr 2%, acifluorfen sodium 16.5% + clodinafop propargyl 8%, fomesafen 11.1% + fluazifop -p-butyl 11.1%, are recommended in crops like soybean and groundnut. However, there is need to test these herbicides available in market for their suitability to control the weeds in greengram. Methods: A field experiment was carried out at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, with an objective to evaluate selected PE and PoE herbicide mixtures in greengram managing the major weeds of greengram grown in vertisols of Krishna Zone of Andhra Pradesh during Kharif and rabi seasons of 2018 under upland conditions. Result: Among the two PE herbicides tested on greengram, pendimethalin 30% + imazethapyr 2% @ 0.75 + 0.05 kg/ha was found to be more effective in reducing the weed density and dry matter compared with pendimethalin 30% @ 0.75 kg/ha. The PoE herbicide mixtures tested viz., fomesafen 11.1% + fluazifop -p-butyl 11.1% @111g/ha, propaquizafop 2.5% + imazethapyr 3.75% @ 50+75 g/ha were on par with imazethapyr 10% @ 50g/ha in controlling the weed population without having any adverse affect on the growth and yield of greengram during kharif and rabi.
​Effect of Different Crop Sequences on Soil Nutrient Status, Nutrient Uptake and Crop Yield in Western Himalayas of India
Authors: Singh Akashdeep , Pathania Pawan , Sharma Tarun , Sharma Sanjay
Published: August 2021

Background: The field experiment was conducted during 2018-19 experimental farm of Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, CSK HPKV, Palampur (H.P.), India. The experiment comprised of ten treatments (maize-wheat, maize-wheat + gobhi sarson, dhaincha-cabbage-frenchbean, sunhemp-vegetable pea-frenchbean, maize + soybean chickpea + linseed, rice-wheat + gram, hybrid sorghum + hybrid bajra-oats + sarson (hybrid), hybrid sorghum + hybrid bajra-ryegrass + berseem, babycorn-broccoli-frenchbean and okra-turnip-tomato) which was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Methods: The present investigation was conducted during October 2018-October 2019 (Kharif and Rabi seasons) at an elevation of 1100 m amsl at a latitude of 32°04’N and longitude of 76°35’ E at Bhadiarkar Experimental Farm, Department of Agronomy, CSK HPKV, Palampur, Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh, India. The soil of the experimental area falls in the order of Alfisols with Paleudalf as the great group as per the Udic Moisture Regime. During kharif and rabi season the crop varieties were applied with the recommended dose of N, P2O5 and K2O (kg ha-1). The source of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) were urea, single super phosphate and muriate of potash. Result: In terms of food for human consumption, highest yield was obtained under the okra-turnip-tomato cropping sequence followed by dhaincha-cabbage-frenchbean and sunhemp-vegetable pea-frenchbean. While in terms of fodder yield, highest was obtained under hybrid sorghum + hybrid bajra-oats + sarson (hybrid) cropping sequence followed by hybrid sorghum + hybrid bajra-ryegrass + berseem. Highest maize grain equivalent yield was obtained with okra-turnip-tomato crop sequence. All other treatments remained superior in comparison to the maize-wheat crop sequence. Maize + soybean-chickpea + linseed emerged to be the best treatment with the highest benefit cost ratio. The treatment comprising okra-turnip-tomato sequence also proved to be the second-best treatment followed by hybrid sorghum + hybrid bajra-oats + sarson (hybrid). Sunhemp-vegetable pea-frenchbean recorded the highest uptake of the available nutrients from soil which was followed by babycorn-broccoli-frenchbean. There was net loss of available nutrients although the loss was less in the sequences with multiple crops during the year. The treatments had no significant effect on the pH and organic carbon content of the soil.
​Effect of Integrated Weed Management on Weed and Yield of Direct Seeded Rice
Authors: Kashyap Suryakanta , Singh V.P. , Guru S.K. , Pratap Tej , Singh S.P. , Kumar Rakesh
Published: August 2021

Background: Weeds are the major threat to direct seeded rice and a single strategy of weed control may not be effective for season-long weed control. Intending to accomplish the long-term and sustainable weed management of direct seeded rice, the integration approach of weed management strategies seems a better alternative. The current field study was aimed to evaluate the impact of integration of different weed control methods on direct seeded rice under irrigated ecosystem on weed growth and rice yield. Methods: The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications and twelve treatments during 2017 at G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India. The twelve treatments included the combination of cultural, mechanical, physical and chemical weed management methods. Result: Combination of stale seedbed technique integrated with pre-emergence application of pendimethalin with mechanical weeding at 25 DAS followed by 1 hand weeding at 45 DAS, Sesbania (line sowing) fb application of pendimethalin (PE) fb 1 mechanical weeding at 25 DAS fb 1 hand weeding at 45 DAS, stale seedbed with application of pendimethalin (PE) with Sesbania brown manuring supplemented with mechanical weeding (25 DAS) fb hand weeding at 45 DAS, mulching with wheat straw mulch along with post-emergence application of penoxsulam (20 DAS) fb 1 hand weeding at 45 DAS and application of pendimethalin (PE) fb penoxsulum (PoE) at 20 DAS fb 1 hand weeding at 45 DAS with a row spacing of 25 cm found to be similar in the suppression of weed population and weed density at 40 and 60 DAS and crop yields (4.3, 4.1, 4.2, 4.0 and 4.2 t/ha, respectively) were on par with weed free plot i.e. 4.4t/ha. Application of pendimethalin (PE) fb penoxsulum (PoE) at 20 DAS fb 1 hand weeding at 45 DAS with row spacing of 25cm recorded 93.7%, 90.6% and 4.5% weed control efficiency, weed control index and weed index respectively, which was similar with above integrated weed management treatments. A negative correlation of the weed density and dry matter with the yield of rice was recorded.
​Nutrient (Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium) Uptake Capacity and Efficiency of different Elite Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Varieties under Delayed Planting Conditions
Authors: Satapathy Santrupta Manmath , Srivastava V.K. , Gond Suraj , Majhi Prasanta Kumar
Published: August 2021

Background: The present investigation was concentrated to determine the nutrient uptake capacity of different varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under delayed planting condition. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the nutrient content in straw and grain in different varieties of rice to understand the nutrient acquisition capacity. Methods: The experiment was conducted during kharif-2018 in a split plot design with three replications at Agricultural Research Farm, BHU, Varanasi with a combination of four rice varieties (HUR-3022, DRR-44, HUR-4-3 and HUR-105) as subplot factor and three dates of planting (06/09/2018, 13/08/2018 and 20/08/2018) as main-plot factor. Result: Among the varieties, DRR-44 was observed efficient for N, P and K absorption under timely planting conditions and recorded higher N content (1.01%) than HUR-3022 (0.91%) and HUR-105 (0.86%). The P (0.45%) and K (0.29%) content were observed highest for the variety DRR-44 on the first date of planting (06/08/2018). Maximum N, P and K uptake by grain and straw were recorded in DRR-44 followed by HUR-3022 and HUR-105. DRR-44 was also the highest grain and straw yielder. Thus, improved varieties of rice with higher nutrient use efficiency should be the priority for quality and higher yield of straw and grain of the crop.
Innovación y determinación
Authors: Galindo Cuesta Jairo Alberto
Published: August 2021

En este documento se presenta una estrategia de incorporación de un modelo de herramienta en línea para la apropiación del sentido, en el contexto de la enseñanza de lenguas. La implementación se realizó en cuatro fases, en un ambiente de reflexión y crítica propositiva. Además, se exponen algunos requerimientos en la formación del docente a la luz del estado actual del microcurrículo y los planes de estudio de licenciaturas y posgrados en el campo de la educación. Asimismo, se evidenció la necesidad de aprovechar los distintos fenómenos derivados de la contingencia sanitaria para reescribir las competencias, las habilidades, los saberes y las actitudes de los formadores de formadores, así como la preparación de los estudiantes al reto posterior a la pandemia, cuando la tecnología ya no sea la única respuesta. El texto presenta una apuesta por el reconocimiento de la preparación y el sentido humanista de la formación previa a la incorporación de propuestas digitales, con lo que se busca conducir a una reflexión tecnócrata, tecnófila y tecnófoba para pasar de golpe a una didáctica sin experiencia en el uso pedagógico de tecnología.
Aglomeración industrial en el centro oriente colombiano
Authors: Gómez Helmuth Arias
Published: August 2021

El artículo pretende analizar las características de la especialización industrial en los departamentos del centro oriente colombiano, partiendo de un conjunto de consideraciones teóricas sobre la aglomeración industrial. Se expone una revisión histórica del emplazamiento industrial en la región, para confirmar la fuerza que adquieren los procesos de causación acumulativa. Al final se aplica un ejercicio empírico que se proponemodelar la influencia o no de los spillover intra industria e inter industria y se enfatiza la común complementariedad productiva de la industria de cada departamento en la región y la función que desempeña cada uno de ellos en la configuración del mapa industrial del país.
Impacto socioeconómico del sector de la economía solidaria en el departamento de Boyacá, Colombia. 2000 - 2009
Authors: Suárez Sonia Janneth Limas , Sandoval Jairo Alberto Higuera
Published: August 2021

El sector de la economía solidaria desempeña un papel importante en el ámbito económico y social. Aunque teóricamente esto es reconocido, hay limitada producción académica del sector solidario en Boyacá. Razón que motiva, a partir del modelo empresarial solidario, analizar el impacto socioeconómico del sector de la economía solidaria en Boyacá 2000-2009, utilizando el método descriptivo. Los resultados muestran que este sector avanza en la consecución de un mayor posicionamiento en la economía solidaria del nivel nacional y departamental. Las cifras reflejan la dinámica socioeconómica del sector, su evolución y crecimiento. Los hallazgos anuncian nuevos estudios sobre el sector de la economía solidaria en Boyacá.
Metodología para la fijación de precios mediante la utilización de la elasticidad precio-demanda. Caso tipo: repuestos del sector automotor
Authors: Garzón Patricia Paola Guerrero , Losada Diego Fernando Hernández , Monroy Luis Guillermo Díaz
Published: August 2021

El establecimiento de precios en la empresa dedicada a la comercialización de repuestos para vehículos, objeto de este estudio se realiza de forma empírica para, al menos, 50.000 productos. En este documento se establece una metodología para la asignación y modificación en el nivel de precios de estos productos, utilizando como herramienta la elasticidad al precio de la demanda. Para ello, inicialmente se hace una agrupación de las partes de acuerdo con su elasticidad mediante el análisis de conglomerados, obteniendo siete grupos que son caracterizados cuantitativa y cualitativamente. Se determinan los objetivos y políticas de la fijación de precios para estos grupos,  permitiendo de esta forma establecer la metodología para la asignación de precios de la compañía. Adicionalmente, en el documento se utiliza la técnica del cálculo del IPC, a fin de determinar el impacto de la variación de precios de cada grupo sobre la variación total. Así, el estudio permite concluir que es posible establecer metodologías claras para la fijación de precios pormedio del uso de la elasticidad al precio de la demanda. Para  lograr este objetivo, cuando se cuenta con gran número de productos, es útil el uso de las herramientas proporcionadas por la estadística multivariada, dado que permiten efectuar un mejor análisis de los datos. Además es notorio que el uso de metodologías para el cálculo de índices inflacionarios, es conveniente en la determinación del impacto de las políticas de precios adoptadas
Las prácticas de innovación en las pymes boyacences
Authors: Guerrero Jaime Ignacio Bermúdez , Molina Óscar Gutiérrez
Published: August 2021

La investigación Datos, indicadores, información y conocimiento de la innovación en Colombia (convenio entre universidades EAFIT, Surcolombiana, Tecnológica de Bolívar y Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia), presenta evidencias de innovación en un grupo de pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes) de Boyacá, y examina las buenas prácticas de innovación (BPI) en grupos representativos de pymes: productoras (agroindustria, manufactura y textil-confección) y servicios (turismo, TIC, salud y transporte), en Tunja, Paipa, Duitama y Sogamoso. Los perfiles de innovación realizados por gerentes y empresarios en producción/servicios, procesos, gestión y mercados,muestran que están en etapa de despegue o desarrollo, con brechas importantes en los cuatro tipos de innovación considerados.
Una interpretación del concepto de gestión del conocimiento de Nonaka y Takeuchi usando la ficción literaria
Authors: Navarro Rosalba Frías , Romero Carlos Alberto Rodríguez
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo tiene como propósito presentar el rol de la ficción literaria -narrativa, metáfora y analogía- en contextos organizacionales tales como la investigación y la práctica de la gestión por medio de su uso para la interpretación del concepto de gestión de conocimiento planteado por Nonaka y Takeuchi (1995). Esta información es de utilidad para los investigadores, tanto de las ciencias sociales y de las ciencias humanas, como para los directivos o estrategas de las organizaciones, ya que se tiene la oportunidad de explorar el potencial de la ficción no solamente como una “forma de entretenimiento” sino como un medio de transferencia de conocimiento al interior de las organizaciones.
Conjuntos pre regular pc-I-abiertos en espacios topológicos ideales
Authors: Granados Carlos
Published: August 2021

En este artículo, se introduce y estudia la noción de conjunto pre regular pc-I-abierto sobre un espacio topológico dotado de un ideal. Además, se muestran algunas de sus propiedades. Por otro lado, se definen nuevas variantes de continuidad y contra-continuidad, en efecto se muestran algunas caracterizaciones y se prueban algunos resultados sobre espacios pre regular pc-I-conexo, pre regular pc-I-T1, pre regular pc-I-T2 y pre regular pc-I-normal.
Identification of a synchronous generator parameters using recursive least squares and Kalman filter
Authors: Bravo Montenegro Diego Alberto , Rengifo Carlos Felipe , Giron Cristian , Palechor Jhon
Published: August 2021

The comparison between recursive least squares (RLS) and Kalman filter (KF) is presented in this paper, both methods were adequate to estimate six parameters of a synchronous machine. The work focused on finding the operating conditions which the quality of the identification achieved with Kalman filter is better than recursive least squares. A linear model of the machine is used in order to considerate the currents and their derivatives as the system inputs while the three-phase voltage signals are the outputs. Furthermore two experiments with simulated and measured data were carried out, three operating scenarios and two variations of the algorithms respectively were considered. Despite the great similarity and good performance of both methods, it was found that Kalman filter slightly exceeded least squares due to the fact that it presented smaller oscillations in the estimated value of the parameters for any operating condition.
Reseñas de Libros y Revistas
Authors: De Carvalho Abões Vercelli Ligia , Cárdenas Reyes María Cristina , Celso Carvalho Carlos Bauer
Published: August 2021

Reseñas de Libros y Revistas
REPENSAR LA HISTORIA PATRIA: MATERIALIDAD, FORMAS NARRATIVAS Y USOS. COLOMBIA SEGUNDA MITAD DEL SIGLO XIX
Authors: Cardona Zuluaga Alba Patricia
Published: August 2021

Proponemos analizar la categoría de historia patria como modalidad historiográfica en la que se condensan no sólo un tipo particular de narración histórica, generalmente asociada a representaciones grandilocuentes y mitificantes, sino elementos como formatos, estrategias editoriales y sentidos políticos. Con ello pretendemos ubicar la noción de historia patria en el debate historiográfico que además de las condiciones narrativas, se pregunte por la historia como materialidad impresa en la forma de libro en la que convergen tradiciones narrativas, formas de apropiación del  pasado, autores y divulgadores, públicos y usos. Nos centraremos en Colombia a partir de “obritas”, como las denominaron sus autores, de uso escolar publicadas en Colombia durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX.Palabras clave: Revista Historia de la Educación Latinoamericana, historia, historia patria, materialidad impresa, Nación.
Reseñas de Libros y Revistas
Authors: Rhela Revista
Published: August 2021

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Modelamiento hidráulico para el control y prevención de inundaciones mediante el uso de Hec-Ras 2d en la zona urbana del río Piura
Authors:   , Alvarez Montero Gabriela Fiamma , Moreno Cueva Carlos Alvaro
Published: August 2021

Los desastres ocasionados por las inundaciones son cada vez más comunes alrededor del mundo, tal como ocurre en la parte Occidental de América del Norte y Sur, debido a la presencia del Fenómeno “El Niño” (FEN), que provoca un aumento de las precipitaciones y caudales de los ríos provocando inundaciones. Por este motivo, en el presente trabajo se ha realizado la simulación numérica de inundación frente a eventos extremos como El Niño, con la finalidad de disminuir el área y nivel de inundación ante probables y distintos eventos en zonas cercanas a los cauces de ríos. Se ha empleado datos hidrológicos de caudales promedios y máximos instantáneos de un periodo de 40 años. Para la caracterización morfológica de la zona se ha empleado información de un modelo de elevación digital del terreno (DEM), obtenido del satélite SPOT-7, de resolución de 6x6m. La información hidrológica fue procesada mediante el método de Gumbel para obtener los caudales de simulación para periodos de retorno de 2, 5, 10, 50, 100 y 500 años. La modelación numérica fue realizada empleando HEC-RAS 5.0.7, con lo que se obtuvo el área de inundación para el FEN 2017 y se utilizó la imagen satelital SENTINEL-2 para validar el modelo. Asimismo, se modeló eventos extremos con periodos de retorno mayores a 10 años, ya que sus resultados son relevantes para la implementación de obras de protección ribereñas, en lugares estratégicos identificados por su mayor vulnerabilidad. Finalmente, dichas obras lograron mitigar el impacto generado al disminuir en un porcentaje el área inundada en la zona de estudio, desde la represa “Los Ejidos” hasta el puente Bolognesi en la provincia de Piura.
Postoperatif Gelişen Hipoksi; Negatif Basınçlı Akciğer Ödemi mi? Covid-19 mu? Olgu Sunumu
Authors: YILDIZ Emel , YILDIZ Halil
Published: August 2021

Negatif basınçlı akciğer ödemi (NBAÖ) nonkardiyojenik pulmoner ödem nedenlerinden birisi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Negatif basınçlı akciğer ödemi gelişen hastalardaki ortak mekanizma; hastanın genel anesteziden sonra ekstübasyonunu takip eden laringospazmın neden olduğu bir hava yolu obstrüksiyonudur. Elli yaşında, erkek hasta aşil tendon rüptürü nedeniyle genel anestezi altında opere edildi. Postoperatif boğaz ağrısı ve öksürük şikayeti başlayan ve toraks bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) bulguları ile COVID-19’u düşündüren hastaya NBAÖ tanısı konuldu. Sürekli pozitif havayolu basıncı (CPAP) ve diüretik tedavisine sekonder iyileşme görüldü. Postoperatif 10. günde radyolojik bulguları geriledi. NBAÖ genel anestezi sonrasında; laringospazma sekonder ya da laringospazm olmaksızın, ekstübasyon sonrasında gelişebilecek pulmoner komplikasyonlar arasındadır.
CONVERGENCE OF FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN ASEAN BASED ON PRIVATE CREDIT AND LIQUID LIABILITIES INDICATORS
Authors: Prasetyo Alvin Sugeng
Published: August 2021

The financial development gap for ASEAN countries is critical to analyze since the widening financial development gap will lead to underdeveloped financial sector performance. The concept considered appropriate to measure the gap of financial development is the sigma, and beta convergence approaches. Therefore, this study aims to measure, test, and analyze the convergence of sigma and beta financial development in ASEAN. The method used was the Generalized Moment Method (GMM) dynamic panel with 2010-2017. Results of the study showed that there is a convergence of sigma and beta financial development in ASEAN countries. The limitation of this study is that it only uses two indicators of financial development. The governments of each ASEAN country can improve the financial sector by reforming the financial sector to mitigate, improve, and encourage the development of the financial sector.

Keywords: ASEAN, convergence, financial development, GMM
ANALISIS KEPUASAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP PRODUK SAMBAL KEMASAN UNTUK FORMULASI PERBAIKAN STRATEGI PRODUK
Authors: Rahayu Fitriani , Barkah Cecep , Chan Arianis , Tresna Pratami Wulan
Published: August 2021

Consumers have a high level of satisfaction with the quality of taste, flavour variants, packaging quality, price, and service quality of Sambel Gendang, while consumers have a low level of satisfaction with the level of spiciness of the product. This study aims to investigate the level of consumer satisfaction and formulate product strategy improvements to be proposed by considering customer satisfaction. Therefore, consumers can repurchase the products and become Sambel Gendang customers. This research uses descriptive analysis research with a quantitative approach. The population of this study was Sambel Gendang consumers. A total of 60 people were taken as samples by using probability sampling technique, and simple random sampling method. The results of this study revealed that 43.3% of respondents were satisfied with the taste quality, 41.7% were dissatisfied with the level of spiciness, 35% were satisfied with the flavour variant, 53.3% were satisfied with the packaging, 41.7% were satisfied with the price, 46.7% were satisfied with the service quality. The proposed marketing strategy by considering customer satisfaction is focused on product and promotion strategies to increase the sales market.

Keywords: business, customer satisfaction, product, marketing strategies.
A fogyasztói attitűd affektív és konatív komponenseinek elemzése a pálinka imázsában
Authors: Mucha László , Oravecz Titanilla , Totth Gedeon
Published: August 2021

A kutatás célja a fogyasztói attitűd komponensek potenciális imázsformáló szerepének feltárása egy nagy hagyománnyal rendelkező magyar alkoholos ital, a pálinka esetében. Jelen tanulmány az attitűd affektív és konatív komponenseinek a pálinka imázsára gyakorolt hatására összpontosít. A kutatás relevanciáját a pálinka piacának elmúlt évekbeli bővülése valamint a házi készítésű szeszes italok szabályozási környezetének megváltozása adta. A házi párlat, amelyet helytelenül házi pálinkának neveznek, nagyon népszerű Magyarországon. A vizsgálatra 2019-ben és 2020-ban került sor, 626 kitöltő vett részt a felmérésben, a minta 3 szempontra (nem, korcsoport, régió) megegyezik a 18 év feletti magyarországi lakosság összetételével. Az affektív és konatív attitűd komponensek hatásának megértéséhez Likert skálán mértük és grafikusan ábrázoltuk a fogyasztók érzéseit és magatartását a házi párlat és a „bolti” pálinka vonatkozásában. A vizsgálat megerősítette a házi párlat kedvezőbb imázsát a „bolti” pálinkával szemben, az eredmények felhívják a figyelmet az oktatás és a tájékoztatás fontosságára a fogyasztói attitűd affektív és konatív komponenseinek esetében. Időszerű és nagyon fontos a pálinkagyártók marketingkommunikációjának átgondolása, azonban ehhez a feladathoz átfogó, mindhárom attitűd-összetevőt érintő marketingstratégia szükséges, csak így őrizhetik meg a gyártók versenyképességüket.

JEL-kódok: M31
Egészségtudatosság sajátos vonásai a 11-17 éves magyar fiatalok vonatkozásában az ezredfordulót követően a HBSC kutatás adatai alapján – Szakirodalmi áttekintés
Authors: Ferenczi Milán , Lenténé Puskás Andrea
Published: August 2021

A tanulmány célja a 11-17 éves magyar fiatalok egészségmagatartásának bemutatása. A kutatás során hazai és nemzetközi primer kutatásokon alapuló cikkek, valamint az "Iskoláskorú gyermekek egészségmagatartása” (HBSC) elnevezésű nemzetközi kutatás részeként Magyarországon végzett felmérés eredményeit elemeztük. A kutatás célja a 11 és 17 éves korosztály egészséget befolyásoló szokásainak és egészségi állapotának felmérése, az eredmények időbeli és nemzetközi trendjeinek követése és az egészségi mutatókat befolyásoló tényezők felderítése. Tanulmányunkban bemutatjuk az egészséget támogató (táplálkozás, fizikai aktivitás), illetve kockázatot jelentő magatartásformák (dohányzás, alkoholfogyasztás) eredményeit és jellegzetes változásait az elmúlt 5 hazai felmérés (2002, 2006, 2010, 2014, 2018) adatai alapján. A tanulmány során korábbi hazai kutatási eredmények adatait felhasználva végeztünk dokumentumelemzést, mely során tapasztalt kedvező adatok rávilágítanak arra, hogy elindult már egy folyamat, de még a hosszú út elején járunk. A legnagyobb problémát a gyerekek jelenlegi életmódjában a tudatos magatartás hiánya okozza. A legtöbben nincsenek tisztában az életmód egészségre gyakorolt hatásával.

JEL-kódok: I12
Principles of Kabir Wealth Curve
Authors: Kabir Azad , Kabir Raeed
Published: August 2021

The authors developed a wealth curve (bell curve) that can predict a group of individual’s wealth based on the crossover interaction effect of the average intelligence quotient (one's ability to perform, comprehend and learn) and emotional awareness (emotional ability to recognize and make sense of emotions). To move towards the right on the X-axis of the Kabir wealth curve (e.g. accumulate more wealth), individuals have to improve emotional awareness and choose a professional career path that lands higher income. Similarly, those facing social injustice can accumulate more wealth by improving emotional awareness, which will help them navigate challenging environments.
Chikungunya (Togaviridae) and Dengue 2 (Flaviviridae) Viruses Isolated from Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes by qRT-PCR Technique: Xenosurveillance for Arboviruses Circulating in Burkina Faso
Authors: Hien Aristide Sawdetuo , Sangaré Ibrahim , Ouattara Eric L. Parfait , Sawadogo Simon  P. , Soma Diloma D. , Hamidou Maiga , Diabaté Abdoulaye , Bonnet Emmanuel , Ridde Valéry , Fournet Florence , Kaupra Carina , Bouyer Jérémy , Abd-Alla Adly M.M. , Hawkes Frances M. , Dabiré Roch K.
Published: August 2021

Abstract: In 2016, we conducted an entomological survey in a railway transect between Banfora and Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The aim was to evaluate the risk factors for arbovirus epidemics, including vector infection status, in areas representative of the country. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were collected at larval stage from four study sites and reared until adult stage and kept in RNAlater for detection of arbovirus RNA. In the laboratory, the mosquito specimens were screened for dengue virus (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) using one step real-time qRT-PCR. We detected one DENV-2 positive pool from Ouagadougou, giving a minimum infec-tion rate (MIR) of 16.67, and 6 CHIKV positive pools, giving a MIR of 66.67 from Ouagadougou, but also in Banfora and Boromo. The qRT-PCR is a useful tool for the surveillance of arboviruses of public health importance in Burkina Faso and may be incorporated into disease surveillance and control programs in Burkina Faso.
Understanding the Function of a Locus Using the Knowledge Available at Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms
Authors: Nikpay Majid , Ravati Sepehr , Dent Robert , McPherson Ruth
Published: August 2021

Understanding the function of a locus is a challenge in molecular biology. Although numerous molecular data have been generated in the last decades, it remains difficult to grasp, how these data are related at a locus? In this study, we describe an analytical workflow that can solve this problem using the knowledge available at single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) level. The underlying algorithm uses SNPs as connectors to link omics data and identify correlation between them through a joint bioinformatical/statistical approach. We describe its application in finding the mechanism whereby a mutation causes a phenotype and in revealing the path whereby a gene is being regulated and impacts the phenotypes. We translated our workflow into freely available shell scripts that carry out the analyses. Our approach provides a basic framework to solve the information overload problem in biology.
Nutrition and Metabolism of Minerals in Fish
Authors: Lall Santosh P , Kaushik Sadasivam J
Published: August 2021

Aquatic animals have unique physiological mechanisms to absorb and retain minerals from their diets and water. Research and development in the area of mineral nutrition of farmed fish and crustaceans have been relatively slow and major gaps exist in the knowledge of trace element requirements, physiological functions and bioavailability from feed ingredients. Quantitative dietary requirements have been reported for three macroelements (calcium, phosphorus and magnesium) and six trace minerals (zinc, iron, copper, manganese, iodine and selenium) for selected fish species. Mineral deficiency signs in fish include reduced bone mineralization, anorexia, lens cataracts (zinc), skeletal deformities (phosphorus, magnesium, zinc), fin erosion (copper, zinc), nephrocalcinosis (magnesium deficiency, selenium toxicity), thyroid hyperplasia (iodine), muscular dystrophy (selenium) and hypochromic microcytic anaemia (iron). An excessive intake of minerals from either diet or gill uptake causes toxicity and therefore a fine balance between mineral deficiency and toxicity is vital for aquatic organisms to maintain their homeostasis either through increased absorption or excretion. Release of minerals from uneaten or undigested feed and from urinary excretion can cause eutrophication of natural waters, which requires additional consideration in feed formulation. The current knowledge in mineral nutrition of fish is briefly reviewed.
Resource evaluation and novel germplasm excavation of wild Chinese prickly ash in Qinling mountains
Authors: Zheng Tao , Su Ke-xing , Chen Xi-yan , Zhang Ding-ling , Liu Shu-ming
Published: August 2021

Wild Chinese prickly ash with elevated antioxidants is a valuable genetic resource for Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim improvement. There are rich wild germplasm resources in the Qinling Mountains. In a study with wild germplasm resources from different altitudes and six cultivated varieties, the phenolic and flavonoid compounds were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The chromatograms of them were basically the same, although their chemical composition content was greatly different. The thirty samples were divided into three categories through the hierarchical clustering analysis. And catechin, hyperoside and quercitrin were considered to be key compound for the quality evaluation, by contrast, the wild samples with an altitude of 2300±50 m (Ⅳ group) had the highest content of key compounds, and showed stronger antioxidant activity and antibacterial ability, indicating that these wild samples could be used as an excellent breeding resource. This is the first time to evaluate the quality of wild Chinese prickly ash in different altitude areas of Qinling Mountains. These excellent wild germplasm resources provided substantial potential accessions for use directly in Chinese prickly ash breeding programs.