bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tanburi Cemil Bey Tarafından Segah Makamının Yazılı Tarifi
Authors: ÇAYLI Ferhat
Published: April 2023

Tanburi Cemil Bey, ilk baskısı 1905 (Rumi 1321) yılında yayımlanan “Rehber-i Mûsıkî” başlıklı nazariyat kitabında Segâh makamının kısa bir tarifini yapmış ve eser örneği olarak da Tanburi Osman Bey’in Segâh Peşrevi’nin notasını vermiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Segâh makamı hakkında Cemil Bey’in yazdığı tarifi mercek altına alıp tarihsel bağlamı içinde incelemektir. Makalede öncelikle Segah makamının tarihsel değişim aşamalarına işaret edilmiş ve Cemil Bey’in verdiği tarifin, bu aşamaların neresinde yer aldığı belirtilmiştir. Ardından söz konusu tarif, kitap boyunca kullanılmış olan perde anlayışı, notasyon sistemi ve makam anlatım yöntemi bağlamında incelenerek tartışılmıştır. Bu incelemelerde, Segah makamı için Cemil Bey’in verdiği dizi ile günümüz Arel-Ezgi sisteminde kabul edilen dizi arasındaki farklılığın nedenleri yorumlanmış; ayrıca, Cemil Bey’in, özellikle makam seyrinin karar bölgesinde kullanıldığından bahsettiği, biri dik acem öbürü de nim hisar olarak değerlendirilebilecek iki adet dizi-dışı perdenin kullanımına ilişkin örnekler hem diğer teori eserleri üzerinden hem repertuardaki eser notaları üzerinden hem de Cemil Bey’in taksim kayıtları üzerinden araştırılmıştır. Cemil Bey’in, başka hiçbir yazılı kaynakta veya herhangi bir eser notasında örneğine rastlanmadığı için icracılık alanında saklı bir uygulama olarak değerlendirilebilecek dik acem perdesi kullanımı hakkında yazılı bilgi vermiş olması, Rehber-i Mûsıkî kitabında yer alan Segah makamı tarifinin en özgün yanı olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.
APPLICATION OF INDICATIVE QUALITY INDICATOR IN DYNAMIC MANAGEMENT OF THE TOPOLOGY OF A DISTRIBUTION NETWORK WITH LOCAL ENERGY SOURCES WITH THE PURPOSE OF MINIMIZING ENERGY LOSSES
Authors: YATSENKO Dmytro , POPOV Vladimir , ZAMULKO Anatolii , YARMOLIUK Olena , ADANIKOV Oleksandr ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
Published: April 2023

In practically all countries, a significant part of distribution electric networks is operated in an open mode. Therefore, the task of choosing the optimal topology of the electrical network remains relevant and popular among researchers. To date, many ways of solving this problem have been proposed, which have been reflected in hundreds of publications. To achieve the goal of forming the optimal topology of the electric network, various optimization methods are used, the problem is also solved in both single-criteria and multi-criteria formulations. In this article, a bibliographic analysis is carried out and the use of an indicative qualitative indicator is proposed for finding the optimal topology of the distribution electric network in real time, which makes it possible to minimize the loss of active energy. Currently, this is relevant due to the growth of load heterogeneity and the increase in the share of local energy sources in the distribution networks of our country. These factors form flow distributions daily, which in most cases will not coincide with the mode for which the appropriate network configuration was chosen, which in turn leads to an increase in electrical energy losses. The effect of the proposed approach depends on the proper level of technical and information support of the network, especially since most of the equipment of distribution electric networks has exhausted its physical resource. The use of an indicative qualitative indicator is envisaged in distribution networks equipped with modern switching devices with the possibility of remote control and the presence of systematic measurements of the mode parameters of the network. Based on the obtained research results, it can be concluded that the developed indicative indicator is successfully used in solving the problems of finding the optimal network topology in real time, which makes it possible to achieve significant results. additional reduction of active energy losses.
FEATURES OF THE USE OF ROASTING AND BAKERY EQUIPMENT IN THE HOTEL AND RESTAURANT BUSINESS
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, ANTONENKO Artem , TOLOK Galina ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, SUKHOMLYN Dmytro ,   Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, TERNOVSKIY Daniil ,   Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, TYSHKOVSKA Anna ,   Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, MYKHAYLICHENKO Iryna ,   Kyiv University of Culture
Published: April 2023

The article describes the features of the interaction of thermal energy with food raw materials and food products and conducts an analytical review of the use of heat treatment for various technological processes in the food industry and hotel and restaurant business. The paper examines the peculiarities of the interaction of thermal energy with food raw materials and food products and provides an overview of the use of heat treatment for various technological processes in the food industry and hotel and restaurant business. Despite the number of scientific publications dedicated to the topic of technological equipment, in particular thermal heating, in Ukraine this is an insufficiently illuminated topic that requires research, taking into account the current conditions in the national economy. To create more rational technological processes, a combination of thermal heating with other energy carriers is used: steam, hot air, infrared heating, heated fat, vacuum, ultrasound. Heat treatment of food products in the cooking mode is divided into two stages: heating to a set temperature and maintaining this temperature until complete culinary readiness. The stepwise thermal heating method is also used, which ensures a high heating rate and avoids uneven heating of individual areas of the processed products. In this way, the possibility of temperature redistribution is ensured through the thermal conductivity of the material during its thermostating. One of the features of heat treatment is the possibility of rapid and relatively uniform heating of the product over the entire volume, which by its nature depends not so much on the thermophysical characteristics of the heated object as on the presence of moisture in it and the nature of its distribution by volume. The ability of dielectric heating is effectively used in the food industry when defrosting products. Defrosting in the microwave field allows you to speed up the process tenfold and to a large extent preserve the quality of food products. Good results are given by combined methods of defrosting microwave heating with ultrasound, as well as with the method of blowing the product with cold air. The use of microwave heating with other physical methods and energy carriers makes it possible to intensify technological processes, reduce the cost of finished products, as well as increase the nutritional and biological value of raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products.
ELECTRODEPOSITION AND PROPERTIES OF IRON DEPOSITS OBTAINED IN A MAGNETIC FIELD OF WEAK INDUCTION
Authors: MISHCHENKO Vladyslava , KOVALYOV Stanislav ,   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology
Published: April 2023

The paper presented the electrodeposition, morphology and properties of iron deposits were obtained using a low-induction magnetic field of 0.001 T in the electrocrystallization process. The vector of magnetic field induction was directed perpendicular to the electrode surface. Iron deposits were obtained in an electrolyte FeSO4·7H2O – 1.5 mol/l and Al2(SO4)3·18H2O – 0.15 mol/l. The current density was 7 A/dm2. Deposits were obtained on a copper base. The influence of the magnetic field on the process of electrodeposition of deposits was studied using the method of stationary potentiometry and cyclic voltammetry. Determination of the influence of the magnetic field on the morphology of deposits was carried out using scanning electron microscopy. Determination of the properties of the obtained iron deposits was carried out by measuring microhardness, reflectivity and corrosion resistance. Studies have shown that a magnetic field with an inductance of 0.001 T affects the processes of electrodeposition of an iron deposit, increasing its overvoltage by more than 1 volt. The morphology of the deposits does not change significantly, but the crystallites obtained in the magnetic field have a more rounded shape and the surface of the deposit is more uniform. The microhardness of deposits obtained by electrodeposition without the use of a magnetic field was 2610 MPa, and with a magnetic field – 2720 MPa. The reflectivity of deposits obtained in a magnetic field is 17% higher. The corrosion resistance of deposits obtained in a magnetic field is approximately two times higher. After conducting corrosion studies, the microhardness of the deposits obtained using a magnetic field did not change (2630 MPa), however, the microhardness of the deposits obtained under normal conditions decreased by approximately two times. Electrolysis parameters for maximum corrosion resistance, microhardness and reflectivity are proposed in the work.
ESTABLISHING THE REGULARITIES OF SPECTRUM BROADENING IN OPTICAL PULSES BY METHODS OF SINGLE INTELECTU
Authors: ODEGOV Nikolay , BUKATA L. , BALEEV I. ,   State University of Intellectual Technologies and Communication
Published: April 2023

In the applied aspect, the problem solved refers to the tasks of increasing the speed of information transmission in trunk fiber-optical networks (FOTS). Since such systems are not yet available, the distribution of signals is studied using an imitation model. This model is based on the nonlinear differential equation of Schrödinger. The problem of the problem is carried out in the author’s program Nonlinear. As a result of modeling, a significant array of experimental data was obtained. The data was obtained for different types of envelope optical signals and different levels of nonlinear effects. The transfer of information by optical solitons is considered one of the promising areas of improvement of the FOTS. Solitonic effects are achieved in the nonlinear regime of FOTS. In this case, there is either the preservation of the effective duration of optical impulses. At the same time, the effect of expanding the spectrum of these impulses arises. This phenomenon should be taken into account with the synthesis of optimal uneven frequency plans for adaptive sags. To solve this problem, it is important to minimize the number of measurements in promising SPP. For this, it is necessary to establish patterns of changes in the spectra of optical impulses in the form of analytical dependencies. In this work, this problem is solved by the methods of artificial intelligence. The task of interpolation on sparse channel plans is solved by parametric identification methods. The task of extrapolation to arbitrary frequency plans is solved by structural identification methods. The work found that the dependences between the initial width of the spectrum of optical impulses and the width of the spectrum on the side of the reception are quite smooth. The problem of interpolation is solved on a lot of sedate polynomes. The solution to the problem of extrapolation on different methods of organizing frequency plans shows that the effective models between the initial and final width of the impulses are optimal are polynomes of the fourth or fifth order.
MODELING METHOD IN STOCK MANAGEMENT HIERARCHICAL LOGISTICS SYSTEMS
Authors:   Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University, POTAPOVA Nadiia , VOLONTYR Ludmila ,   Vinnytsia National Agrarian University
Published: April 2023

The work highlights the issue of using the modeling method in inventory management of hierarchical logistics systems. The issue of the necessity of inventory management modeling as one of the key parameters of distribution logistics is substantiated. It has been proven that the hierarchical logistics system can generate flow processes according to Poisson’s law, which makes it possible to apply the theory of mass service systems in the formalization of the processes of incoming supplies of resources to replenish the stocks of the logistics center with further distribution of flows among regional branches. This method is based on obtaining optimal characteristics of the intensity of supply of resources in the section of a specific nomenclature, subject to restrictions on available working capital and the formation of a reserve stock for maintenance of repair works.
Water Conditioning Refrigeration System Design and Construction for Lobster Cultivation
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Indramayu, Wardika Wardika , Kurniawan Yudhy ,   Politeknik Negeri Indramayu, Prayitno Hadi ,   Politeknik Negeri Indramayu, Haula H. Sintya ,   Politeknik Negeri Indramayu
Published: April 2023

This research is to determine the cooling burden of the water conditioning system for lobster conditioning, where water must be conditioned to its temperature by its 21°C conditioning. This device uses steam compression systems precisely by utilizing water conditioning systems to condition water to stay awake at a temperature of 21°C. The method used in this study was to determine the volume of the water tank and its cooling capacity by calculating the load load and calculating the heat load through the walls of the water tank and other heat generated. For lobster cultivation, an air conditioning machine with a capacity of 1/2 PK. From the results of testing the tool for 3 hours, the results of system performance at an evaporation temperature of 15.2 °C and a product temperature of 21 °C obtained a Carnot COP of 7.11, an actual COP of 5.87, and an efficiency of 82.55%. This is in accordance with Design Carnot COP 8, actual COP design of 6.7, and design efficiency of 83%.
Analysis of Labor Productivity in Floor Plate Work Using The Work Sampling Method
Authors:   Universitas Hindu Indonesia, Indriani Made Novia , Widnyana I Nyoman Suta ,   Universitas Hindu Indonesia, Mahendra I Putu Agus Ari ,   Universitas Hindu Indonesia
Published: April 2023

Labor productivity is very important in carrying out a job, in the field of construction output can be seen from the quantity of work that has been done, while input is the amount of resources used such as labor. This study aims to determine the amount of labor required per 1 m2 (OH) and the standard time for labor productivity in completing 1 m2 of floor slab work. The method of collecting primary data is the source of research data obtained directly, such as the number of workers and observation of sampling data, while secondary data is obtained from projects such as working drawings. The data is then processed using Microsoft Excel. This research is a type of quantitative research with work sampling method. From the results of research on floor slab work in the Udayana University Faculty of Medicine Building Construction project, it shows that the calculation of the volume of labor per day (OH) requires 0.011 OH masons and 0.011 OH workers and the results of calculating the standard time to complete 1 m2 of floor slab work is 3.15 minutes/m2 . The Calna Villa project shows that the calculation of the volume of labor (OH) requires 0.039 OH masons and 0.039 OH workers and the results of calculating the standard time to complete 1 m2 of floor slab work is 10.37 minutes/m2.
Performance Analysis of Public Transport in Gianyar Regency
Authors:   Universitas Hindu Indonesia, Wirahaji Ida Bagus , Sutapa I Ketut ,   Politeknik Negeri Bali, Tapa I Gede Fery Surya ,   Universitas Pendidikan Nasional
Published: April 2023

The performance of an urban public transport plays an important role in accommodating population mobility and realizing sustainable transportation. The performance of public transport can be influenced by several factors, including the quality of public transport services themselves and the accessibility of the roads they pass. Service quality concerns arrival frequency, waiting time, travel time and so on. Road accessibility is influenced by the presence of side barriers, such as parking vehicles on the road, vehicles in and out, slow vehicles, and so on. This study analyzes the exogenous latent variables of Service Quality and Road Accessibility that affect the endogenous variables of Public Transportation Performance in Gianyar Regency, especially on the Batubulan-Ubud Terminal Route. The method of collecting community perception data is by distributing 250 questionnaires to respondents who live along the Batubulan-Ubud Terminal Route Corridor. The data analysis method used Statistical Equation Modeling (SEM) AMOS. Validity and reliability tests were carried out using the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) method. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the quality of public transportation services had a significant positive effect, with p value = 0.18 <0.05, path coefficient 0.049. Road accessibility also has a significant positive effect, with p value = 0.035 < 0.05, coefficient. line 0.225. The Goodness of Fit test also fulfills parameters such as: Chi-square count 66.27 < Chi-square table 81.381; Probability 0.332 0.05; CMIN/DF 1.069 2.00; GFI 0.961 0.960; AGFI 0.943 0.90; TLI 0.995 0.950; CFI 0.995 0.95; RMSEA 0.000 0.08 all meet. The performance of public transportation on the Batubulan-Ubud Terminal Route is considered very bad due to poor service quality and road accessibility.
Development of Immersive Cultural Practices in Ukraine in the Context of Metamodernism (2015-2023)
Authors:   Kiev National University of Culture and Arts, Kiev, Ukraine, Hubernator Olena
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the specifics of the formation and development of immersive cultural practices in the modern Ukrainian socio-cultural space in the context of the establishment of metamodernism. Features of immersive practices in modern theater art, video art, exhibition activities, representation of cultural heritage are highlighted. The peculiarities of the development of immersive cultural practices in the Ukrainian socio-cultural space in accordance with the national specificity of the manifestation of metamodernism are revealed. The transformation of the content and form of cultural practices popular in Ukraine (multimedia art exhibitions, installations, exposition activities of art museums, preservation and representation of cultural heritage) through the prism of the phenomenon of immersiveness has been studied.
The Good, the Bad and the ‘Entropic Potential of an Event’
Authors:   Shiny World Corporation, Ontario, Canada, Zilberman Mark
Published: April 2023

The definitions of “good” and “bad” typically belong to the field of ethics. Does physics have a property that can distinguish and group “good” and “bad” events using only its own physical instruments and equations? Although the physical property “entropy” as a measure of chaos appears to be the prime candidate for such a grouping, it is in fact unsuitable for a detailed analysis. However, the “Entropic Potential of an Event”, which describes the influence of the current event to the future change in entropy, perfectly suits this role. While the second law of thermodynamics dictates the direction of entropy change in an isolated system it does not dictate the speed of entropy growth. The speed of entropy growth on Earth is changing in particular due to human-related events, which ethics calls "good" or "bad". Such events, which ethics defines as "good", always eventually decelerate entropy growth. In contrast, events which ethics defines as "bad", always eventually accelerate entropy growth. This article presents the methods of calculating the “Entropic Potential of an Event” for the cases: “A commander receives an order to bombard a city”, “A cancer tumor is growing inside a human’s body” and other. This article also stresses the importance of the “Time factor” since only for a sufficiently large time interval T the “En-tropic Potential of an Event” Z(T, A) can be estimated and potentially precisely calculated. This article also checks on a scale of several centuries if real-life events are averaged in such a way that their entropic potentials become negligible. This analysis shows that prior 1750 the averaged entropic potential of events occurred in human society was negative and had the value of approximately 10^17 bits (value is an initial approximation). The situation after the industrial revolution is more complicated, as past 1750 human civilization began to utilize non-renewable resources (oil, coal, gas, etc.) for warming, cooling, and transportation with a corresponding entropy growth. The term “entropy” is applicable to a very wide range of events, from physics and chemistry to art and information. Correspondingly, the significant advantages of the “Entropic Potential of an Event” as a physical foundation of the intuitive terms “good” and “bad” is its measurability, ability to compare events of entirely different natures and its universality Weak point of "Utilitarianism" is inability to quantify, compare, or measure happiness or well-being which is postulated to be the ultimate goal of moral behavior. The "Entropic Potential of an Event" solves this problem and presents in formulas (and sometime calculates in bits) the Entropic Potentials of events we normally label as "good" and "bad".
Queue Analysis at SPBU Km. 38 And The Impact on Jalan Soekarno Hatta Km. 38
Authors: Enes Ria , Fatmawati Fatmawati , Damayanti Lilik
Published: April 2023

SPBU KM. 38 is a gas station that distributes subsidized fuel, one of which is diesel. The scarcity and limited availability of fuel, especially diesel fuel, causes many heavy vehicles to queue and cause the traffic loading. This loading has an impact on the performance of the road network around the location, that is Jl. Soekarno Hatta KM. 38. The traffic load due to the diesel queue has a direct impact on the performance of the road network around the location. This study aims to evaluate the service performance of the queuing system and facilities for refueling diesel fuel at SPBU KM. 38 and Knowing the performance of the Jl. Soekarno Hatta KM. 38 based on the MKJI 1997, and the effect of queues for SPBU KM. 38 on road performance. This study uses the Quantitative Research method. Where Quantitative Research has a detailed and measurable characteristic. Based on the results of the study, the highest average time spent waiting in the queue to be served was 0.167 hours≈10.02 minutes. This shows that the facility for refueling diesel fuel is not optimal because the standard time for refueling diesel fuel is 2.5 minutes. The value of the road capacity that has narrowed is 3,072 smp/hour, and the normal road capacity is 3,516 smp/hour. The highest level of service on roads with narrowing occurs on Sundays with service level is D, while on normal roads the highest service levels occur on Mondays and Sundays with service level is C. The queue that occurs causes an increase in the level of service. Therefor it can be concluded that the queue affects the level of service at the research location.
An Analysis of The Apartment's Tamansari Skylounge Halfslab Connection as a Diaphragm (Case Study : Padang Seismic Load)
Authors: Ulfa Anis Aulia , Jamal Mardewi
Published: April 2023

Precast concrete is used in the Tamansari Skylounge Balikpapan Apartment's construction. The diaphragm is a slab that transmits lateral forces to the vertical element. This structure has a topped diaphragm as its diaphragm type. The goal of this analysis is to determine how seismic forces are distributed throughout a building using the seismic zone of Padang, to test the half-strength slab's during lifting, before and after a composite, to determine how deformation differs when a diaphragm is constrained, and to conduct research to strengthen the connection of the diaphragm's critical area to the building. The steps in data processing include analyzing the structure using SAP 2000, gravity load analysis based on PPIUG 1987, seismic load analysis based on SNI 1726:2012, connection diaphragm analysis based on NEHRP Seismic Design Technical Brief No. 3, normalizes and shear stress analysis on half slabs meeting between half slabs with topping based on Tension Material Analysis, and analysis of reinforced concrete structures based on SNI 2847: 2013. According to the analysis's findings, the 1B floor has the maximum seismic force at 19205269,17 N. The Half Slab reinforcement becomes ϕ10-150 with the added seismic load, and deformation with a diaphragm constraint is considerably less than without one. One piece of 12 mm diameter reinforcement with a shear connector is used for each square meter of the important diaphragm region.
Evaluation of Drainage System on Jalan Slamet Riyadi and the Mahakam IV Bridge Approach Road, Samarinda City
Authors: Kusumo Daru Purbaningtyas , Sandrina Dina , Banjarsanti S S N
Published: April 2023

The construction of the Mahakam IV Bridge and the geometric changes to the Slamet Riyadi road in the vicinity have caused inundation problems on the main road section and the Mahakam IV Bridge Approach Road on the Samarinda City side. It is necessary to evaluate the drainage system in that location to prevent inundation that disturbs traffic and causes road damage. Flood discharge is analyzed based on rainfall data and using a Modified Rational Method. The design rain is calculated by a method that satisfies the goodness of fit test.  The evaluation results show that the flood discharge to the channel is greater than the capacity channel. An alternative solution is to add a direct flow path to the Mahakam River in the form of long storage. And to speed up the drying on the bridge approach road, it is necessary to increase the number of street inlets and repair the culverts that drain water to the Mahakam River
The Analysis of Slope Stability using The Simplified Bishop Method and Geometry of Retaining Walls in Palaran District, Samarinda City, East Kalimantan Province
Authors: Ilham Akbar , Trides Tommy , Hasan Harjuni , Oktaviani Revia , Pontus Albertus Juvensius
Published: April 2023

Landslide is one of the natural disasters that often occurs on natural and artificial slopes. This landslide occurs due to an imbalance of forces acting on the slope or the actuator in the slope area is greater than the resisting force on the slope. Handling needs to be done to avoid landslides, one of which is making a retaining wall. Based on the data obtained from the results of the tests and calculations that have been carried out, the value of the slope safety factor at the research location is 0.397. This value is the value of the unsafe factor of safety (Avalanche). So it is necessary to design a retaining wall with dimensions in between, namely for H = 7 m, H1 = 0.7 m, H2 = 6.3 m, H3 = 1.6 m, H4 = 0.7 m, H5 = 4.9 m, H6 = 2.6 m, H7 = 0.5 m, H8 = 2.5 m, H9 = 3.8 m, and D = 2.5 m. And the results of calculating the stability of the retaining wall that has been designed are obtained for Stability Against Overturning, namely 4.37 > 1.5 (Safe), Stability Against Shifting, namely 2.21 > 2 (Safe), and Stability Against Soil Bearing Capacity, namely 4.14 > 3 (Safe).
Kazakhstan Agriculture State assessment during the implementation of the agro - industrial complex state program for 2017-2021 period
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Siksimbayeva G. , Ukibayeva G. ,   Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Azatbek T. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: April 2023

This paper analyzes the state of agriculture in Kazakhstan. The main purpose of the work is to assess the industry during the period of implementation of the State Program. The analysis of the main indicators of agriculture for 2016-2020, such as gross agricultural output, investments, exports and imports, the main indicators of animal husbandry and crop production, performance indicators of agricultural enterprises, etc. During the implementation period, both positive and negative aspects of the development of agriculture have been identified. The article highlights such problems as staffing, financing, subsidies, technical equipment and other aspects of the industry development. The authors of the article recommend the direction of special attention to the solution of these problematic issues. There are several other problems that require a step-by-step and systematic approach to overcoming them.
Gender Wage Gap in the Former Soviet Union: Evidence from EBRD Data
Authors:   M. Narikbayev KAZGUU University, Ayazbekov Zh. , Kemelbayeva S. ,   M. Narikbayev KAZGUU University
Published: April 2023

This research article examines gender inequality in employment in the former Soviet Union based on data collected by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development with the third wave of the “Life in Transition” Survey conducted in 2016. Despite numerous efforts, the wage gap between women and men is still an important problem in many countries of the world, and especially in the countries of the former Soviet Union. It is worth noting that this wage gap affects the economic and social spheres of life, human rights, and dramatically affects women's economic independence. Several articles have been analyzed that identify various factors influencing the problem of wage inequality between men and women in the former Soviet Union. Next section identifies results and discussions of the pay gap using several figures. Each figure shows the wage gap between men and women in the former Soviet Union, the rate of return to school between men and women, statistics for the highest- and lowest-paid sectors of the economy, representation of female workers, and so on. As a result, countries where gender differences have a positive or negative impact on the labor market to this day are highlighted. Based on the conducted research, some country-specific policy applications are concluded at the end.
Problematic aspects of the development of supply chains in the e-commerce market in the context of multi-channel retail
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Tasbulatova U. , Baimukhanbetova E. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: April 2023

The development of e-commerce in recent years is associated with the coronavirus pandemic and the reduction in retail trade during the quarantine period. Multi-channel retail, in addition to e-commerce, includes both online and offline stores, mobile commerce and other ways of selling and delivering goods and services to consumers. The purpose of this article is to analyze the problems in the development of supply chains in the conditions of multi-channel retail in the world and Kazakhstan markets. The idea of the study is to consider the main problems of e-commerce in the context of multi-channel retail. The scientific significance of the study lies in the study of the factors of development of e-commerce in the context of multi-channel retail. The practical significance of the study is determined by the results of data analysis on the most problematic aspects of e-commerce in a multi-channel retail environment. The research methodology is presented by systematization and hypothetical assumptions, in accordance with which the ways of development of multi-channel retail were determined. The main results of the study are shown in the conclusions and given in the recommendations.
Retail lending to commercial banks: current state and business models of development
Authors:   Kazakh-Russian International University, Duisenbayeva B. , Maulina N. ,   Academy of Logistics and Transport, Suleimenova G. ,   Kazakh-Russian International University
Published: April 2023

This article explores the current state of consumer bank lending, focusing on the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the banking sector, the ecosystems of commercial banks. In the course of the study, statistical data on the loan portfolio and overdue debts of the banking sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan, on the structure of overdue debts on bank retail loans issued for consumer purposes were used and analyzed. The tendencies of bank consumer crediting by the terms and sizes of the lending rate are determined. The influencing factors on consumer-clients in retail lending have been established, and monitoring of the ecosystems of leading domestic commercial banks has been prepared. Based on the analysis of the current state of retail lending for consumer purposes in Kazakhstan, relevant recommendations are given
Use of information systems in state audit
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Alibekova B. , Zhakhmetova A. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: April 2023

State audit and financial control bodies, including the Supreme Audit Chamber of the Republic of Kazakhstan, audit commissions and authorized internal state audit bodies, strive to adapt to the new information space and change their business processes by replacing traditional audit procedures carried out by state auditors with automated systems for searching, processing, analyzing and controlling information. Currently, they use a number of information systems and databases, but the transition to e-government and the introduction of new technologies require a proactive approach and their further development. In this regard, the authors, based on the study of the experience of progressive HEAs, proposed in the future to the state audit bodies of the Republic of Kazakhstan to use the technologies "Industry 4.0".
In the context of tourism development in transboundary areasways to determine the tourist potential(On the example of East Kazakhstan region
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Abeukhanova E. , Mazbaev O. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Baimbetova A. ,   Baimbetova
Published: April 2023

This article discusses ways to identify the tourism potential of tourism development in cross-dobder regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and information about their improvement. The indicators of tourism development in the East Kazakhstan region are analyzed: the dynamics of the growth of official statistical indicators, the reception of tourists by tourist facilities in recent years, the number of people employed in the tourism sector, the amount of their respective wages, the results of a survey among potential consumers. Also, the state program documents are considered and the main organizational functions for the development of tourism in the country are highlighted. The development of tourism contributes to the improvement of the socio-economic situation of the region: entrepreneurship, income generation, jobs, thereby reducing poverty. The article offers an analysis of the main indicators of the development and current state of tourism in the country and individual regions; the main problems and opportunities are considered; the main identified obstacles are shown; the tourist potential is formulated.
Principles of Environmental Protection Management of Kazakhstani Oil Enterprises
Authors:   Abylai Khan Kazakh University of International Relations and World Languages, Ashikbayeva A. , Kudaibergenov N. ,   Abylai Khan Kazakh University of International Relations and World Languages, Abdibekov S. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: April 2023

At the current stage of economic development, the formation of a well-thought-out management strategy and general development directions becomes a condition for the successful functioning of any industry, which ensures competitiveness. At the local level, funds spent on environmental protection are insufficient to provide adequate environmental services. Transfers from the central budget are too limited, and local governments are not allowed to work directly with local or foreign banks or multilateral financial institutions. This significantly hinders the financing of much-needed environmental infrastructure improvements. To attract more funds from the central budget, local capital markets and international financial institutions, adequate institutional capacity is needed to properly assess financial costs (investment costs, operating and maintenance costs) and develop environmental projects with well-defined objectives and timelines. sustainability of a sustainable financial strategy. All of these features are still not available locally.
Biblical Sources in the Development of the Concept of the Soul in the Writings of the Fathers of the Early Christian church, 100-325 C.E.
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Toews Thomas
Published: April 2023

The topic of the human soul has seen renewed interest in recent years. Studies have been produced that have looked at the soul in light of modern science and medicine along with a continued focus on the thoughts of the ancients on this topic. The early Church Fathers played an important role in mediating the thoughts of the ancients to more recent times. Because of this role, it is important to understand what function the Scriptures had as a source of authority in this process. In light of this, the following study researches and analyzes the usage of the two key soul words, psyche and anima in the writings of the early Church Fathers. Their semantic range and the understanding of the powers and activities of the soul are studied. Following this background examination, the study then looks at the role of Scripture as an authoritative source for the early Church Fathers in the development of this doctrine. The results of this study highlight the prevalent usage of Scripture and scriptural themes in defining the doctrine of the soul. Ideas such as the soul coming from the breath of God (Gen 2:7) and creation in the image of God (Gen 1:26-27) provide a foundation for discussing the origins of the soul. In looking at the state of the soul after the death of the body, the early Church Fathers repeatedly look to the scriptural notion of a future judgment to defend the necessity of an immortal soul. This is an important discovery as it is often argued that the concept of an immortal soul comes to the early Church Fathers only from Greek philosophy. The impact of the philosophical thinking prevalent in the context in which the early Church Fathers lived and wrote can be seen in the similarities of the semantic usage of the terms psyche and anima . However, this study has demonstrated the necessity ofnoting closely the usage of their normative writings, the Scriptures, to more clearly understand the foundation of their teaching on nascent church doctrine.
An Evaluation of Performance as it Relates to the Adventist Community Services Nonprofit Leadership Certification Program in the United States
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Kwon Sung
Published: April 2023

Problem The purpose of this study was to understand the effectiveness of the Nonprofit Leadership Certification Program (NLCP) by examining the relationship between an individual’s completion of the program and their individual performance growth in attitude, knowledge, and skills. Since the program represents a major financial investment on the part of the Adventist Community Services (ACS) organization, ACS leaders need to know if the time, resources, and effort that have been poured into this leadership program are actually improving the participants’ performance in skills and knowledge, and if they have effectively contributed to changes in leadership attitude. Method This study assessed the relationship between the stated learning outcomes of the NLCP and the actual learning outcomes as perceived by the participants. For this reason two research designs were used to structure the research: 1. Pre-experimental research design – Group 1 (had pretest and posttest) was compared to Group 2, the control group (no treatment, posttest only). Group 1 had a manipulated variable but Group 2 did not have a manipulated variable. 2. Ex-post facto research design – Group 2 was compared to Group 3 (Had treatment, posttest). Data already existed. Results Results confirmed that there were significant changes in the participants’ leadership attitudes, knowledge, and skills as a result of participating in the NLCP. The leadership attitude in the posttest group showed improvement, which may indicate participants were inspired and encouraged by the program. The posttest group results showed a decrease in leadership knowledge immediately after taking the program; however, leadership knowledge increased over time. The posttest group and the treatment group indicated signs of changes in leadership skills after attending the program. Conclusions ACS leaders at local, regional and national levels who participate in the NLCP indicate that there leadership benefits in significant ways from the training provided. The ever increasing complexity of the services provided through ACS at the local community, regional and national levels will continue to drive the demand for the NLCP.
Factores Predictores de la Satisfaccion Laboral en los Docentes de las Instituciones Educativas de la APC-SUR
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Barba Briceño Luis
Published: April 2023

Problem. The present study explores the following research questions: Are the work environment, teacher supervision, teacher recognition, and a fair and equitable perception predictors of work satisfaction in secondary school teachers in the South Central Peru Conference during the 2009 school year? Methodology. This study is exploratory, descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional. The population sample in this study is comprised of 60 teachers from the South Central Peru Conference secondary schools in the Lima district. The unit of observation was the classroom teacher. A survey was used as the means for collecting information. The statistical software SPSS was used for data processing. For null hypothesis testing, multiple lineal regression was used through a stepwise method. Results. The results show that three research veriables are predictors of work satisfaction for the South Central Peru Conference secondary school teachers: work environment (β1 = 0.531), teacher recognition (β2 = 0.235), and teacher supervision (β3 = 0.261), significant at p< 0.05 and with a determination coefficient R2 = 0.704. Conclusions. The results lead us to conclude that an improvement in a school organizational climate depends on an adequate management of teachers. Work environment, teacher recognition, and teacher supervision predict work satisfaction among secondary school teachers in Seventh-day Adventist educational institutions in the South Central Peru Conference, and make their work gratifying and rewarding. The majority of the Seventh-day Adventist secondary school teachers are satisfied with the values that are practiced, and with the autonomy with which they work. Teachers' satisfaction is good, even though it could be better if their salaries were improved and if their administrators would show more recognition for their work, as a considerable number of teachers (between 20% and 30%) have never received any type of recognition from their administrators, from colleagues, from parents, or from their students. Regarding a fair and equitable treatment, it seems like the teachers do not perceive any religious, gender, social, or economic discrimination. Furthermore, they have the same opportunities for teachers' training and the same autonomy in their work.
The Role of Religious Orientation and Ethnic Identity on Religious Coping Among Bereaved Individuals
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Cruz-Ortega Luis
Published: April 2023

Problem: The literature suggests that religious orientation and ethnic identity inform the religious coping process, which is better understood in the context of a particular stressor. However, research on this topic is limited, particularly among ethnic minorities. Method: A survey was used to collect data on religious orientation, ethnic identity, and religious coping from a sample of 319 adults who had lost a significant other within 36 months of the study. A total of 11 variables were measured using The Means-Ends Spirituality Questionnaire, the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure-Revised, and the Brief RCOPE. Results: A canonical variate labeled "religious engagement" was a predictor for religious coping. Further analyses using multiple regression found that variables associated with traditional religious expressions (Devotional Spiritual Means), spiritual ends with a transcendental focus (Approach-unseen-autonomous Ends, Avoidance-unseen-external Ends), and Ethnic Identity were relevant predictors of Positive Religious Coping while Transcendental Means was a relevant predictor of Negative Religious Coping. A stepwise discriminant analysis found that "ethnic identity and conservative religious orientation" discriminated between ethnic groups. Cases with higher levels of ethnic identity and conservative religious orientation were more likely to be classified as Black/African American or Hispanic/Latino/a, while those with lower levels were more likely to be classified as White. Conclusions: When coping with bereavement, individuals who engage in traditional expressions of spiritual worship and strive to achieve ordinary and transcendental spiritual goals are more likely to rely on a secure relationship with the sacred, a belief that life has meaning, and a sense of connectedness with their religious community. Also, individuals who place greater value and emotional significance in their sense of belonging to their ethnic group are more likely to engage in positive religious coping. Thus, counseling psychologists should strengthen their multicultural and spiritual competencies in order to provide ethical and effective services to a population that is increasingly diverse.
Exploring Teacher Attitudes, Experiences, and Beliefs of the Development and Implementation of Faculty Data Teams (TM) in a Midwestern School District
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Sheppard Bradley
Published: April 2023

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to describe the development and implementation of Data Teams™ in a Midwestern school district and to explore what influenced teachers to become effective team members. It analyzed the product and process of creating Data Teams™ who competently used data to make academic standards work by identifying power standards, analyzing data, setting goals, implementing research-based effective teaching strategies, and assessing student performance and adult behaviors that had a direct impact on student achievement. Method. A qualitative case study design was used for this investigation as it explored the narratives of 10 elementary teachers on their life experiences, attitudes, and beliefs from serving on Data Teams™. Results. In response to the first research question—What life experiences have helped to sculpt elementary teachers into effective Data Teams™?—the primary life experiences identified by the teachers were past experiences, collaboration, and relationships. In response to the second research question—What influenced individual members to become cooperative collaborators?—the primary themes in collaboration were a positive attitude, the perceived benefits of collaboration, and a collaborative mind-set. In response to the third research question—How did individual teacher experiences, attitudes, and beliefs impact the work of Data Teams™–the primary themes identified were roles and fidelity to the norms of collaboration, deep implementation of the model, and high standards. Conclusion. Members of the Data Teams™ agreed that their experiences in collaboration prior to their participation in Data Teams™ allowed them to build relationships with teachers that are essential to effective collaboration. Additionally, they agreed that the development of a positive attitude towards collaboration, coupled with an understanding of the benefits associated with collaboration, helped to develop a collaborative mind-set. Furthermore, they agreed that developing and operating under norms of collaboration were essential to team success. Also, they agreed that deep implementation of the Data Team™ process was essential for student improvement. Finally, they agreed that it was important to set high standards and goals that were both realistic and achievable.