bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TiO2 DISPERSION TO IN SiO2-MONTMORILLONIT: EFFECT OF PRECURSOR TYPE
Authors: Fatimah Is
Published: March 2024

Dispersion of titanium dioxide into montmorilonite pillared silica (SiO2-montmorillonite) was performed in order to gain homogeneous dispersion of TiO2 in solid support having high specific surface area, thermal stability and chemical stability. In this research, effect of titanium precursor to the physicochemical character of material was studied. Three different precursors : TiCl4, TiOCl2 and  titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) were dispersed on SiO2-montmorillonite  at the concentration of 5% followed by calcination at 400oC for 3 h. Evaluation on material character was studied based on XRD, surface area analyzer and spectrophotometer Diffuse Reflectance UV-Visible (DRUV-Vis) measurements.Result of research show that there is a strong dependency between material properties and tittanium precursor.  By three kind of precursors, it can be concluded that main factor playing  role in determination of dispersion homogeneity is pH of the system in that TiCl4 cause structure delamination of SiO2-montmorillonite. Based on physicochemical characters, it can remarkably concluded that the success of dispersion by variation of titanium precursors as follow: TTIPTiOCl2TiCl4 .
ACTIVITY OF MAKASAR FRUIT (Brucea Javanica L. Merr) ON RADICAL ANION SUPEROXIDE IN VIVO
Authors: Widiyantoro Ari , Wardoyo Elvi R.P. , Sayekti Endah
Published: March 2024

Activity  of scavengering  radical  anion superoxide  by extract of Makasar fruit  (Brucea javanica   L. Merr)  have  been  research  with  methods  of  inhibition  reduction  nitroblue tetrazolium,  by in vivo on rat  Wistar induction with aflatoxin. Results showed  there are inhihition  reduction  of  nitroblue  tetrazolium  by  methanol  extract,  methanol fraction, ethylacetate fraction,  methylen chloride fraction  and n-hexane fraction. Phytochemical test showed alkaloid, terpenoid, quinone, polyphenol and steroid.
GENETIC DIVISION OF URANIUM RESISTEN BACTERIA AND URANIUM BIOREMEDIATION STRATEGY
Authors: Octavia Bernadetta , Umniyatie Siti , Bastianudin Aris , Sembiring L
Published: March 2024

Penelitian    tentang keanekaragaman genetik bakteri resisten uranium yang berpotensi  dalam  strategi  bioremediasi  uranium  telah  dilakukan.  Pada  tahun pertama  penelitian  multi  tahun  ini  telah  berhasil  memperoleh  4  isolat  bakteri resisten uranium dari limbah uranium fasa organik TBP- kerosin yang berasal dari reaktor riset "Kartini" BATAN Yogyakarta.Metode  isolasi diawali  dengan  metode enrichment dalam  medium  Glukosa  cair dengan        penggojokan  yang dimaksudkan untuk mengaktifkan kembali metabolisme  bakteri aerob dalam sampel limbah uranium. Selanjutnya dilakukan isolasi selektif dengan Quadrant  streak method pada medium Nutrien  agar yang mengandung  uranium dalam bentuk garam uranium yaitu uranil nitrat sebesar 20 ppm. Isolat-isolat  bakteri resisten  uranium yang diperoleh diseleksi berdasarkan pola pertumbuhan  dan pola resistensinya  dalam variasi konsentrasi  uranium  20, 40, 60, 80, 100 ppm, pada interval waktu 24 jam dengan mengukur optical  density masing-masing kultur bakteri pada panjang gelombang 620 nm menggunakan spektrofotometer, Karakterisasi dan identifikasi fenotip dilakukan berdasarkan pengujian karakter morfologi koloni, morfologi sel, sifat fisiologis dan sifat biokimiawi  masing-masing   isolat  bakteri. Hasil karaktersasi dan identifikasi fenotip dianalisis  dengan  sistematik numerik-fenetik untuk melihat kemiripan di antara isolat bakteri resisten uranium dan genus bakteri acuan.Hasil  penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ke 4 isolat bakteri resisten uranium memiliki  perbedaan yang cukup signifikan dengan ke 4 genus bakteri acuan karena hanya memiliki level kemiripan 60%. Sedangkan ke 4 isolat bakteri resiten uranium juga  menunjukkan perbedaan meskipun memiliki level kemiripan 90%, dan ini berarti  bahwa terdapat keanekaragaman isolat bakteri resistan uranium yang diisolasi dari limbah uranium fase organik TBP- kerosin. Berdasarkan  pola pertumbuhan  dan pola resistensinya maka ke 4 isolat bakteri ini berpotensi untuk dikembangkan dalam   program  bioremediasi  uranium, setelah ditumbuhkan selama 48 jam. Kala  kunci:  keanekaragaman    genetic,   resistensi,   uranium,   bioremediasi
BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF SERVICE TECHNIQUES IN SENIOR DIY ATLET
Authors: Rismayanthi Cerika , Alim Abdul
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran secara khusus kinerja teknik  servis atlet tenis  lapangan  senior DIY tahun 2010 dari tahap persiapan sampai  dengan follow­ through dengan kajian anal isis biomekanika.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode  penelitian survei  dengan teknik observasi. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kisi-kisi lembar  analisis, handycam dan treepod. Subyeknya penelitian adalah atlet senior di DIY yang  berjumlah 6 orang. Teknik analisis data penelitian adalah diskriptif dan persentase  dengan perhitungan  pada masing-masing tahap dan digunakan analisis sistem  perangkat lunak Dartfish Prosuite untuk mengetahui lebih jelas kinerja teknik servis yang dilakukan atlet senior DIY Tahun 2010.Hasil peneJitian menunjukkan: kinerja teknik servis tenis lapangan pada atlet senior Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Tahun 2010 pada tahap persiapan baik, pada tahap  take back cukup  baik,  pada tahap  loading cukup  baik,  pada tahap  hitting baik,  pada tahap contact point baik, dan pad a tahap followthrough baik. Dari hasil  keseluruhan kinerja teknik servis tenis lapangan pada atlet senior Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Tahun 2010 di kategorikan baik. Kata kunci: teknik servis, tenis lapangan, analisis biomekanik
Analisis morfosemantik nama-nama tokoh dalam naskah Kadis Nepsu Sekawan
Authors: Makincoiri Mohamad
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan salah satu kandungan dalam naskah Kadis Nepsu Sekawan (KNS), terutama dalam kajian morfosemantik nama-nama tokoh dalam naskah KNS. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa nama-nama tokoh yang bersumber dari naskah KNS. Cara pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode baca dan catat, selanjutnya dianalisis jenis morfem, proses morfologi, serta proses penamaannya. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nama-nama tokoh dalam KNS berupa kata atau frasa monomorfemik yang terdiri atas satu morfem bebas dan frasa polimorfemik yang terdiri dari dua morfem atau lebih. Berdasarkan proses pembentukan kata, nama-nama tokoh dalam KNS mengalami proses afiksasi, derivasi, komposisi, dan reduplikasi. Dari segi dasar penamaan, nama-nama tokoh dalam naskah KNS didasarkan pada dasar sifat yang dimiliki oleh tokoh tersebut, serapan dari bahasa asing, tempat asal tokoh tersebut, dan tiruan bunyi dari referen yang dituju. Penelitian lebih lanjut terkait analisis dari aspek linguistik dan sastra dirasa perlu dilakukan guna untuk mengetahui isi lebih lanjut dari naskah Kadis Nepsu Sekawan.
Ilustrasi kalender Jawa dalam teks Wilangan Wulan, kang Becik kang Ala
Authors: Sari Eksi Kumala , Mulyani Hesti
Published: March 2024

Ilustrasi adalah gambar untuk hiasan maupun menjelaskan makna dan cerita, khususnya dalam naskah Jawa digunakan untuk menjelaskan teks maupun pendukung teks. Kalender Jawa adalah sistem penanggalan meliputi tahun Jawa, bulan Jawa, hari Jawa, pasangatan, pawukon, dan rajah pelindung. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendeskripsikan ilustrasi di dalam teks Wilangan Wulan, kang Becik kang Ala yang berkaitan dengan kalender Jawa serta waktu baik dan buruk. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah filologi deskriptif untuk mengetahui isi teks dan teori semiologi imaji Barthes untuk mengetahui maksud ilustrasi terkait dengan teks Wilangan Wulan, kang Becik kang Ala. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah teks Wilangan Wulan, kang Becik kang Ala yang disimpan di British Library, adapun data yang digunakan adalah ilustrasi yang ada di dalam teks. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk pengumpulan data adalah kartu data. Cara pengumpulan data menggunakan metode penelitian filologi, yaitu inventarisasi, deskripsi naskah dan teks, transliterasi, suntingan, dan terjemahan, kemudian dilanjutkan analisis ilustrasi menggunakan teori semiologi imaji Barthes, yaitu lapisan informasional, lapisan simbolis, dan lapisan makna ketiga. Penelitian ini menggunakan validitas semantik serta reliabilitas intraratter dan interatter. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, klasifikasi data, dan display data. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah ajaran di dalam ilustrasi yang berkaitan dengan kalender Jawa serta aspek pendukung seperti pelindung diri dari hari yang buruk atau arah tujuan yang tidak diperkenankan bagi masyarakat.
Tradisi bancakan sega ulih untuk wanita hamil di Desa Ngadirejo, Temanggung
Authors: Syifaiyah Syifaiyah , Hartanto Doni Dwi
Published: March 2024

Tradisi adalah suatu kebiasaan yang dilakukan secara turun-temurun. Setiap tradisi memiliki makna yang mendalam bagi masyarakat pemiliknya bahkan beberapa masyarakat menganggap bahwa tradisi yang dilakukan merupakan sebuah kegiatan yang sakral dan wajib dilaksanakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan tradisi Bancakan Sega Ulih bagi wanita hamil di Desa Ngadirejo, Temanggung. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian lapangan di mana data diperoleh langsung dari lapangan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam serta observasi langsung. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Ngadirejo, Kabupaten Temanggung. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif kualitatif dengan analisis yang bersifat induktif. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa setiap prosesi kegiatan dalam tradisi Bancakan Sega Ulih bagi wanita hamil memiliki makna filosofis yang dipercayai oleh masyakat pemiliknya. Urutan prosesi dalam tradisi Bancakan Sega Ulih bagi wanita hamil yaitu 1) membangunkan jabang bayi saat gerhana; 2) menanak nasi; 3) mandi kehamilan; dan 4) bancakan. Sejatinya, setiap pelaksanaan proses tradisi bancakan dimaksudkan agar setiap saat melibatkan Tuhan dalam setiap aspek kehidupan.
Capillary Suction Properties of Mortar Made with Recycled Plastic Aggregates Elaborated from Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
Authors: Kreiker Jeronimo , Gomez Melina , Peisino Lucas , Ochoa Nelio , Raggiotti Belen
Published: March 2024

It is possible to revalue the plastic fraction from WEEE using it as a recycled aggregate (RA) in cement mortars. However, this feasibility depends on elaborating a granular material via a core-shell strategy to stabilize the potential contaminants. The core is a plastic particle, and the shell is a cement, fillers, and activated carbon mixture. Due to the hydrophilic characteristics of the shell and the presence of interstitial sites generated by the use of the RA, it is necessary to study the wetting properties of these mortars. This article presents the results of capillary suction and contact angle studies of mortars made with RA having different shell compositions. The capillary suction of the latter is higher than in traditional mortars, which limits their use for structures exposed to water and environmental agents but opens the possibility of new uses in permeable concrete or for the manufacture of building components.
Using EpiCore to Enable Rapid Verification of Potential Health Threats: Illustrated Use Cases and Summary Statistics (Preprint)
Authors: Divi Nomita , Mantero Jaś , Libel Marlo , Leal Neto Onicio , Schultheiss Marinanicole , Sewalk Kara , Brownstein John , Smolinski Mark
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

The proliferation of digital disease-detection systems has led to an increase in earlier warning signals, which subsequently have resulted in swifter responses to emerging threats. Such highly sensitive systems can also produce weak signals needing additional information for action. The delays in the response to a genuine health threat are often due to the time it takes to verify a health event. It was the delay in outbreak verification that was the main impetus for creating EpiCore.

OBJECTIVE

This paper describes the potential of crowdsourcing information through EpiCore, a network of voluntary human, animal, and environmental health professionals supporting the verification of early warning signals of potential outbreaks and informing risk assessments by monitoring ongoing threats.

METHODS

This paper uses summary statistics to assess whether EpiCore is meeting its goal to accelerate the time to verification of identified potential health events for epidemic and pandemic intelligence purposes from around the world. Data from the EpiCore platform from January 2018 to December 2022 were analyzed to capture request for information response rates and verification rates. Illustrated use cases are provided to describe how EpiCore members provide information to facilitate the verification of early warning signals of potential outbreaks and for the monitoring and risk assessment of ongoing threats through EpiCore and its utilities.

RESULTS

Since its launch in 2016, EpiCore network membership grew to over 3300 individuals during the first 2 years, consisting of professionals in human, animal, and environmental health, spanning 161 countries. The overall EpiCore response rate to requests for information increased by year between 2018 and 2022 from 65.4% to 68.8% with an initial response typically received within 24 hours (in 2022, 94% of responded requests received a first contribution within 24 h). Five illustrated use cases highlight the various uses of EpiCore.

CONCLUSIONS

As the global demand for data to facilitate disease prevention and control continues to grow, it will be crucial for traditional and nontraditional methods of disease surveillance to work together to ensure health threats are captured earlier. EpiCore is an innovative approach that can support health authorities in decision-making when used complementarily with official early detection and verification systems. EpiCore can shorten the time to verification by confirming early detection signals, informing risk-assessment activities, and monitoring ongoing events.
AI-Supported Digital Microscopy Diagnostics in Primary Health Care Laboratories: Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: von Bahr Joar , Diwan Vinod , Mårtensson Andreas , Linder Nina , Lundin Johan
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Digital microscopy combined with artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being implemented in health care, predominantly in advanced laboratory settings. However, AI-supported digital microscopy could be especially advantageous in primary health care settings, since such methods could improve access to diagnostics via automation and lead to a decreased need for experts on site. To our knowledge, no scoping or systematic review had been published on the use of AI-supported digital microscopy within primary health care laboratories when this scoping review was initiated. A scoping review can guide future research by providing insights to help navigate the challenges of implementing these novel methods in primary health care laboratories.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this scoping review is to map peer-reviewed studies on AI-supported digital microscopy in primary health care laboratories to generate an overview of the subject.

METHODS

A systematic search of the databases PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and IEEE will be conducted. Only peer-reviewed articles in English will be considered, and no limit on publication year will be applied. The concept inclusion criteria in the scoping review include studies that have applied AI-supported digital microscopy with the aim of achieving a diagnosis on the subject level. In addition, the studies must have been performed in the context of primary health care laboratories, as defined by the criteria of not having a pathologist on site and using simple sample preparations. The study selection and data extraction will be performed by 2 independent researchers, and in the case of disagreements, a third researcher will be involved. The results will be presented in a table developed by the researchers, including information on investigated diseases, sample collection, preparation and digitization, AI model used, and results. Furthermore, the results will be described narratively to provide an overview of the studies included. The proposed methodology is in accordance with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews.

RESULTS

The scoping review was initiated in January 2023, and a protocol was published in the Open Science Framework in January 2024. The protocol was completed in March 2024, and the systematic search will be performed after the protocol has been peer reviewed. The scoping review is expected to be finalized by the end of 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

A systematic review of studies on AI-supported digital microscopy in primary health care laboratories is anticipated to identify the diseases where these novel methods could be advantageous, along with the shared challenges encountered and approaches taken to address them.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/58149
Effects of Monitoring Frailty Through a Mobile/Web-Based Application and a Sensor Kit to Prevent Functional Decline in Frail and Prefrail Older Adults: FACET (Frailty Care and Well Function) Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Valdés-Aragonés Myriam , Pérez-Rodríguez Rodrigo , Carnicero José Antonio , Moreno-Sánchez Pedro A , Oviedo-Briones Myriam , Villalba-Mora Elena , Abizanda-Soler Pedro , Rodríguez-Mañas Leocadio
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Frailty represents a state of susceptibility to stressors and constitutes a dynamic process. Untreated, this state can progress to disability. Hence, timely detection of alterations in patients’ frailty status is imperative to institute prompt clinical interventions and impede frailty progression. With this aim, the FACET (Frailty Care and Well Function) technological ecosystem was developed to provide clinically gathered data from the home to a medical team for early intervention.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to assess whether the FACET technological ecosystem prevents frailty progression and improves frailty status, according to the frailty phenotype criteria and Frailty Trait Scale-5 items (FTS-5) at 3 and 6 months of follow-up.

METHODS

This randomized clinical trial involved 90 older adults aged ≥70 years meeting 2 or more Fried frailty phenotype criteria, having 4 or more comorbidities, and having supervision at home. This study was conducted between August 2018 and June 2019 at the geriatrics outpatient clinics in Getafe University Hospital and Albacete University Hospital. Participants were randomized into a control group receiving standard treatment and the intervention group receiving standard treatment along with the FACET home monitoring system. The system monitored functional tests at home (gait speed, chair stand test, frailty status, and weight). Outcomes were assessed using multivariate linear regression models for continuous response and multivariate logistic models for dichotomous response. P values less than .05 were considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

The mean age of the participants was 82.33 years, with 28% (25/90) being males. Participants allocated to the intervention group showed a 74% reduction in the risk of deterioration in the FTS-5 score (P=.04) and 92% lower likelihood of worsening by 1 point according to Fried frailty phenotype criteria compared to the control group (P=.02) at 6 months of follow-up. Frailty status, when assessed through FTS-5, improved in the intervention group at 3 months (P=.004) and 6 months (P=.047), while when the frailty phenotype criteria were used, benefits were shown at 3 months of follow-up (P=.03) but not at 6 months.

CONCLUSIONS

The FACET technological ecosystem helps in the early identification of changes in the functional status of prefrail and frail older adults, facilitating prompt clinical interventions, thereby improving health outcomes in terms of frailty and functional status and potentially preventing disability and dependency.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03707145; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03707145
An Impactful Winter Session Experience for University Students on a Short-Term Study aboard Trip
Authors: Thomas Angela Falter
Published: March 2024

To better understand the world and oneself, exposure and immersion in the world outside of one’s typical daily setting is helpful. For university-level students taking prescribed coursework and also having to work a part-time job, having the opportunity to travel and learn afar over the course of a traditional semester can be challenging and prohibitive. As a result, short-term study abroad experiences led by university faculty can help students who desire a study abroad experience as a complement to their campus-based learning. The purpose of this investigation was to explore the impact a short-term study abroad to Costa Rica conducted during the 2020 winter session at a university in the USA had on nine students. Data sources included pre/post surveys, formal interviews, and reflective journal entries. A qualitative analysis of the data suggests these short term study abroad participants were cognizant of their privilege as they compared and contrasted the norms of their own lives with those of the people they worked for on their short-term study abroad. The students’ perceptions of their experience were ones of accomplishment and pride. They left with a sense of empowerment and a call to serve others. Reflective learning is a crucial component to students’ learning, especially when they are immersed in a different culture and country. During short-term study abroad experiences, students have the potential for transformative learning.
Divining an Afrofuturist Music Education
Authors: SÁNCHEZ-GATT LORENZO
Published: March 2024

I argue that an analysis of antiblack racism in music education discourse is crucial in identifying and addressing potential for harm in the music classroom. I contend that Black children are particularly, and regularly, subjected to poor stereotypical depictions of their identity in digital media. Furthermore, I contend that this digital socialization has far-reaching implications in school. I use the framework of Black Critical Theory (BlackCrit) to explore interpersonal, curricular, and environmental sites of antiblack assault that are commonplace in schools and, specifically, music classrooms. Using a selection of Janelle Monáe’s music, I explore themes of resistance and affirmation through an Afrofuturist lens. I conclude my paper by proposing that Afrofuturism can serve as a disruption that may create sites of affirmation for Black children.
Music Education on YouTube and the Challenges of Platformization
Authors: O’LEARY EMMETT
Published: March 2024

In this paper, I critically examine platformized music education on YouTube. I suggest YouTube’s platform mechanisms influence music teaching and learning on the platform. The influence is present throughout the production, distribution, and monetization structures that YouTube-based music educators experience. I discuss how creators make videos with broad autonomy over what they produce but with a need to conform to platform affordances and to foment interaction with their content due to platform mechanisms such as datafication and commodification. Distribution is crucial to their work, yet YouTube’s algorithm and governance structures operate in powerful and opaque ways forcing music educators to navigate platform influences on their livelihoods and teaching. Finally, as creators earn money through their work, they encounter monetization structures and programs heavily entrenched in YouTube’s business model and have little agency or voice in shaping these structures and programs.
Delete the PDF and Start Again? Exploring the Potential for Innovative Dissemination Methods of Music Education Scholarship
Authors: SIMPSON RHIANNON
Published: March 2024

Research from Sheehy (2016) found that in-service educators are increasingly disengaging from the scholarly field. This paper highlights and critiques paradigmatic approaches used to disseminate scholarly research in music education which ostensibly lead to teacher disengagement, including the use of academic language, issues of accessibility, and the “printable” formats of scholarly texts. It utilizes Reynolds’ (2009) discussion of factors which led to the development of the musical genre “post-punk” as a framework to critique, compare, and discuss how discourses of social media may inform the development of innovative scholarly research dissemination methods. In doing so a new “genre” of scholarly publication which is informed by normative academic practices and those associated with social media is both proposed and exemplified. It is argued that these proposed innovative dissemination methods have the potential to reengage in-service educators within the scholarly field; and foster academic publications which are considered more engaging, accessible, and relevant.
Deep Learning Based Gastric Cancer and Disease Detection System
Authors: Nallamothu Madhuri
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Gastric cancer, commonly known as stomach cancer, is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Early detection of gastric cancer is crucial for improving patient outcomes and reducing mortality rates. In recent years, advances in medical imaging and machine learning techniques have shown great promise in aiding the early diagnosis of gastric cancer. This abstract presents an innovative approach for gastric cancer detection using machine learning algorithms. Our proposed system leverages state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for the automatic analysis of endoscopic images, to identify potential malignancies. Preprocessing techniques are employed to enhance the quality of input images and reduce noise. Feature extraction methods are then applied to extract relevant information from the images, and these features are used to train a machine learning model. The machine learning model is trained on a large dataset of gastric cancer cases, including various subtypes, to ensure robust performance. We employ cross-validation techniques to assess the model's accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and overall performance. The proposed system demonstrates high accuracy in identifying gastric cancer lesions, even in cases where subtle or early-stage abnormalities may be difficult to detect by human experts. In conclusion, our advanced machine learning approach for gastric cancer detection shows promise in revolutionizing early diagnosis, improving patient outcomes, and reducing the burden on healthcare systems. Further research and clinical validation are necessary to fully assess the system's efficacy in a real-world clinical setting.
Humanitarian Concerns in Conflict Zones: Case Study of Gaza Strip and West Bank
Authors: Abidi Syed Hasan
Published: March 2024

Abstract: In conflict areas, humanitarian issues present complex problems with far-reaching effects on the communities involved. Investigating the humanitarian dynamics, this researcher uses case studies of Gaza and the West Bank to understand the socio-political, historical, and economic aspects. After highlighting the need to address humanitarian concerns in conflict areas, the study digs into the particular situation of Gaza and the West Bank. The research attempts to provide a comprehensive picture of the impact on the civilian population by examining the issues faced by individuals, ranging from economic hardships to access to key services. The report uses a case study methodology to underscore the necessity of improving humanitarian efforts in conflict areas by providing crucial insights and illuminating the local context.
Hybrid Charging Station
Authors: Eknath Mohite Madhuri
Published: March 2024

Abstract: In an attempt to decarbonize the transportation sector, among many countries, is option for e-mobility as an optimal solution, to create a greener, cleaner, and more affordable future for everyone. However, it is missing a crucial prerequisite, which is a strong EV charging infrastructure. The various EVCS types, technologies, techniques, and equipment. It also includes the design of a charging station for small EVs for on campus use, with a solar energy system input. Next, a mechanical 3D design for the final product. As well as a proof-of- concept implementation. Lastly, some conclusions, limitations, and recommendations for further research. A solar charging station is meant so that vehicles is fully charged and is environmentally safe. this technique transforms solar power to electricity and stores it in an battery bank. If electric vehicles must be truly imperishable, it's essential to charge them from sustainable sources of electricity, like solar or wind energy. In this paper, the solar charging station that gives the electricity to charge the battery. The charging station has integrated battery storage that allows for off-grid operation. The DC charging uses the DC power from the photovoltaic panels directly for charging the vehicles battery without the utilization of an AC charging adapter.
Seismic Performance Evaluation of Multi-Storey Residential Building with Friction Pendulum Bearings: Indonesia case study
Authors: Abaev Zaurbek K. , Sulthan Faiz
Published: March 2024

The methodology for seismic performance evaluation of a residential building in Indonesia with the use of seismic isolation is considered. An 8-storey reinforced concrete frame residential building with shear wall structural system was selected as a case study. Nonlinear methods of seismic response analysis were used to calculate the response of the structure: nonlinear static (Pushover) and Nonlinear-Time History Analysis, NLTHA. The analysis is performed in STERA 3D freeware. The nonlinear time history analysis was performed for seven pairs of horizontal components of earthquake ground motions, selected according to the parameters of possible earthquakes for the considered site (Bandung city). The selected earthquake records were modified using the spectral matching procedure for design spectrum. Friction-pendulum bearings developed by Nippon Steel Corporation of Japan were used as seismic isolation. The results of nonlinear time history analysis show that shallow earthquakes result in greater damage compared to megathrust earthquakes, with both scenarios providing a life safety (LS) performance level. The use of seismic isolation can reduce seismic loads, as evidenced by the reduction in top-level accelerations and shear forces at the base.
Results of Laboratory Studies of Strengthening Subgrade Soil with Modifier
Authors: Hudaykulov Rashidbek M. , Aralov Dilshod E.
Published: March 2024

Current modern trends in road construction are the increase in traffic intensity and the carrying capacity of motor transport, as well as the expansion of the road network, including local roads. These trends put forward the task of not only increasing the durability of road structures, but also the use of local materials and soils in the construction of highways. Several methods have been developed to strengthen the soils of the road base. A variety of surfactants, modifiers and additives are also produced to strengthen the roadbed. Many of them have not shown their effectiveness in practice. Therefore, there is a need for plenty laboratory and field studies on this topic. Laboratory studies were carried out to investigate the effect of the modifier on the roadbed soil. The type of soil and its maximum density were determined at optimal humidity. Based on this, cement and a modifier were introduced into the soil composition, density and compressive strength were determined. The results of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) were obtained to study the effect of the modifier on the roadbed soil. Laboratory studies and SEM-analysis have shown that the addition of a modifier to the soil leads to an increase in its maximum density, a significant increase in compressive strength and that the modifier serves to improve the binding properties by forming a crystalline bond with cement.
More Than a Numbers Game: Accounting for Circular Economy Performance in Collaborative initiatives in Cities
Authors:   , Bekier Justyna Agata
Published: March 2024

This PhD thesis sets out to explore how circular economy performance is managed and accounted for in collaborative initiatives in cities. While no universally agreed definition of circular economy currently exists, it is often referred to as a model of production and consumption that aims at decoupling economic growth from natural resource depletion and environmental degradation. Circular economy is often discussed in opposition to the dominant ‘take-make-use-dispose’ approach whereby natural resources are extracted and converted to products, which are then used and disposed of in a short timeframe. As such, circular economy is frequently debated in both academic and practitioner circles as a means to achieve long-term sustainability. Cities explore the concept of circular economy in order to increase competitiveness, attract investment, mitigate the consequences of the looming climate crisis, and become ‘future-proof’. As circular economy implementation on a city level requires cross-sector collaboration, various initiatives emerge with a goal to ‘co-develop’, test, and scale circular economy solutions. These collaborative initiatives gather different actors, who represent various and often conflicting interests, visions of urban development, and understandings of circular economy. For these initiatives to reach the desired goals, they require not only effective management but also systems that facilitate information flows, dialogue, and debate. Public sector accounting literature suggests that performance accounting can play such a role in collaborative initiatives.
POINT CLOUD SIMPLIFICATION METHOD BASED ON IMPROVED FUZZY C-MEANS WITH AUTOMATIC NUMBER OF CLUSTERS
Authors: Hadi Normi Abdul , Adibah Maiddin Siti Nur Athirah
Published: March 2024

The essence of the point cloud is to express geometric information about objects by getting discrete coordinates on their surfaces. However, with a million points, this data may record redundant details in which it is needless to be kept for the model’s analysis. In addition, there is also a limitation where the processors cannot process the large-size datasets. The point cloud simplification algorithm was developed to solve the stated obstacles in data processing. Numerous algorithms have been published to produce the best methods for data reduction process. Since the simplification process might eliminate essential features of the data, this study introduces the features preservation process to keep the important points before the simplification. This study employed the Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) algorithms for the simplification stage due to their simplicity and ability to generate an accurate result. Regardless, the FCM still suffers from drawbacks, where their initial cluster centres are prone to fall into local optima. This study improved the FCM by employing the Score and Minimum Distance (SMD) to determine the number of clusters and cluster centres. The SMD is enhanced by changing the Gaussian to Cosine kernel function to increase the accuracy. This new technique is named SMD(C)-IFCM. The method was then applied to the 3D point cloud of a box, cup, and Stanford bunny. The performance of the developed method was compared with the original SMD-FCM and SMD-IFCM for the percentage of the simplified data, error evaluation, and processing time. The result and analysis showed that the developed method had the best score, which was six (6) out of nine (9) measurements, compared to the other two methods with scores of one (1) and two (2) respectively. This score suggests that the developed algorithm successfully reduced the error evaluation and the processing time to generate the output.
A NUMERICAL STUDY OF JOULE HEATING EFFECT IN ELECTRODEPOSITION PROCESS-CASE OF COPPER ELECTRODEPOSITION
Authors: Hussein Watheq , Ali Alshuraifi Mohammed , Hamza Bashar Abid , Aziz Hussein Raheem
Published: March 2024

The electrochemical process in the presence of heat dissipation effect (Joule heating effect) is highly detected in practical electroplating solutions such as 0.6 M CuSO4+0.5 M H2SO4 electrolyte, where currents passing through the cathode-anode-electrolyte increase temperature in the electrolyte and electrodes. Due to the complex nature of such systems and the diversity of physics describing it, a theoretical approach of appearance for natural convection on vertical and horizontal sides of a cathode in the presence and absence of Joule effect under unsteady state condition was observed using Comsol Multiphysics. It was found that the onset of natural convection on a vertical side depends on the Joule effect, and the time (tn) for appearance is longer on the edges than in other areas. The horizontal side of a cathode assists the appearance of natural convection in the presence and absence of the Joule effect. The Rayleigh (Ra) number has larger values on the vertical side than the horizontal side due to the effect of surface concentration distribution Cs. A Sherwood, Sh-Ra mathematical relation such that Sh=0.03Ra0.86 was proposed where natural convection had no pronounced effect on the deposition process. It was found that the Joule heating effect negatively affects the electrodeposition process by reducing the local current values.
Factors Affecting Financial Stability of Sharia Banks in Indonesia
Authors: Oktaviana Ulfi Kartika , Miranti Titis
Published: March 2024

To ensure the financial stability of Indonesian banks, especially Sharia banks, it is essential to focus on various factors and elements. This study investigates the endogenous and exogenous factors influencing the financial stability of Sharia banks in Indonesia. The study utilized data from the annual financial statements of Sharia banks in Indonesia spanning from 2010 to 2021. Panel data regression served as the analytical tool for the research. The findings indicate that the stability of Sharia commercial banks in Indonesia is influenced by both capital structure and credit risk. Financial leverage also affects sharia bank’s financial stability. While ownership distinguishes a bank in terms of organizational structure, it does not necessarily guarantee stability. Islamic commercial banks remain stable amid the COVID-19 pandemic, showing no significant impact on their overall stability. These findings will enhance bank understanding of the risks faced by banks and form the basis for new regulatory efforts to strengthen overall risk management, including liquidity risk and credit risk.
Modeling Firebrand Spotting in WRF-Fire for Coupled Fire-Weather Prediction
Authors: Frediani Maria , Shamsaei Kasra , Juliano Timothy W , Kosovic Branko , Knievel Jason , Tessendorf Sarah A , Ebrahimian Hamed
Published: March 2024

This study introduces the firebrand spotting parameterization
implemented in WRF-Fire and applies it to the Marshall Fire, Colorado
(2021) to demonstrate that, without fire spotting, wind-driven fire
simulations cannot accurately represent the fire behavior. Spotting can
be a dominant fire spread mechanism in wind-driven events, particularly
those that occur in the wildland-urban interface (WUI), such as the
Marshall Fire. To simulate these fires, the model’s ability to spot is
critical, in that it accelerates the rate of spread and enables the fire
to spread over streams and urban features such as highways. The
firebrand spotting parameterization was implemented in WRF-Fire to
improve simulations of wind-driven fires in a fire-atmosphere coupled
system. In the parameterization, particles are generated with a set of
fixed firebrand properties, from locations vertically aligned with the
fire front. Firebrands are transported using a Lagrangian framework and
firebrand physics is represented by a burnout (combustion)
parameterization. Fire spots may occur when firebrands land on unburned
grid points. The parameterization components are illustrated through
idealized simulations and its application is demonstrated through
simulations of a devastating real case - the Marshall Fire (Colorado,
2021). The simulations were verified using time of arrival and
contingency table metrics. Our metrics show that when fire spots were
included in the simulations, fire rate of spread and burn area
consistently improved.
The impact of trust violations on emotional interference control
Authors: Yuan Shuge , Xu Mengsi , Zhu Yue
Published: March 2024

Processing negative stimuli holds profound significance for survival,
yet excessive focus on this information can lead to poor social
adaptation. Trust violations, common occurrences in negative
interpersonal interactions, result in individuals allocating greater
cognitive resources towards processing negative stimuli. However, it is
still unclear how trust violations influence the ability to control
interference from negative stimuli. Therefore, this study employed the
Emotional Stroop paradigm (Experiment 1) and the cued Ultimatum game
(Experiment 2), using ERP technology to explore how trust violations
influence emotional interference control abilities. In Experiment 1, the
results showed that the violation group exhibited smaller SP amplitudes
in the negative interference condition compared to the no-interference
condition during the emotional Stroop paradigm. In Experiment 2, the
violation group exhibited smaller SP amplitudes when benign cues were
contaminated by threatening information relative to when they were not.
Moreover, the violation group displayed higher P3 amplitudes for
untrustworthy cues and angry faces than for trustworthy cues and happy
faces, respectively. These findings were not observed in the control
group. Collectively, these results suggest that trust violations not
only draw more cognitive resources towards processing negative stimuli
but also undermine interference control ability towards these stimuli.
Patterns of Scrub Typhus tests prescribed among the three Hospitals in Zhemgang District, 2019-2020: A record-based laboratory review study.
Authors: Norbu Karma , Dema Karma , Choden Kuenga , Gyeltshen Tshewang
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Scrub typhus is a neglected life threatening acute febrile
illness caused by bacteria Orientia tsutsugamushi and it is a
vector-borne zoonotic disease. In 2009, scrub typhus outbreak at Gedu
has awakened Bhutan on the awareness and testing of the
disease.Information and data of the study highlights the need for in
depth surveillance, awareness among prescribers and initiate preventive
measures in the country. Methods: We used retrospective descriptive
study through review of laboratory registers across three health centres
in Zhemgang district, south central Bhutan. The laboratories registers
have been transcribed into CSV file using Microsoft excel. Variables of
interest were collected from the registers and then analysed using open
statistical software R, (R Core Team (2020). R: A language and
environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical
Computing, Vienna, Austria.) And use of mStats package, (MyoMinnOo
(2020). mStats: Epidemiological DataAnalysis. R package version 3.4.0.)
Results: Of the total 922 tests prescribed for suspected scrub typhus in
the three health centers in Zhemgang, only 8.2 % (n=76) were tested
positive. Of these, Panbang Hospital had highest reported positive for
scrub typhus with 56.6 %( n=43) followed by Yebilaptsa Hospital 35.5
%( n=27) and Zhemgang Hospital with 7.9 %( n=6). The female gender is
comparably more affected as opposed to male with 57.9% (n=44) of the
positive cases being female. The prevalence of scrub typhus seems to be
affected by the seasonal variation as the months of Spring, Summer and
Autumn together accounts for 98.7%(n=75) of total positive cases. The
year 2019 noted significant scrub typhus cases accounting to 89.5
%(n=68) of the total positive cases over the two years. Conclusions:The
overall tests tested positive of the scrub typhus infection within two
years was 8.2%.
Challenges of schistosomiasis control in Africa: The path ahead
Authors: Omohwovo Ejovwokeoghene , Gabaake kebabonye , III Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno
Published: March 2024

Schistosomiasis is a Neglected Tropical Disease that is endemic in
sub-Saharan Africa, with over 90% of global cases occurring in the
region. Poverty, inadequate healthcare infrastructure, and limited
access to water and sanitation contribute to the high prevalence of the
disease. Despite efforts to control and interrupt the diseases, a
reduction in the transmission rates have not been realized owing to a
number of challenges. This article highlights the challenges of
schistosomiasis control in Africa and recommends strategies for
successful interventions. These strategies include prioritizing
government backing, investing in academic partnerships, strengthening
integrated health programs, targeting communities through the Primary
Healthcare system, and adopting home-grown solutions. Additionally, it
is essential to address the knowledge gap hindering effective control of
the disease and the risk of re-infection after treatment. By
implementing these strategies, it is possible to achieve the World
Health Organization’s 2021-2030 goal of eliminating schistosomiasis and
reducing its prevalence of heavy infection to less than 1%.
A Deep-learning surrogate model for the fast calculation of temperature distribution of ±500kV RIP bushings
Authors: Xin Luming , Wu Zehua , Wang Qingyu , Wu Baoying , Zhao Linjie , Cheng Jianwei , Zeng Qiang , Peng Zongren
Published: March 2024

As a vital component of converter transformers, resin impregnated paper
(RIP) bushings withstand high voltage and loading current for the long
time operation, which makes the temperature distribution become one of
the key issue to characterize its status. However, the temperature
monitoring of RIP bushing used to be based on infrared observation in
the past, the internal temperature field distribution is difficult to
analyze and evaluate in real-time. Therefore, this paper proposes a deep
learning surrogate model (DLSM) to quickly and accurately predict the
temperature field of the RIP bushing. DLSM consists of two different
models, which including the POD reduced-order model based on BP neural
network(BPNN) and the CNN, and it calculate the temperature field
distribution inside and outside the bushing respectively to improve
accuracy. The effect of train size and simulation boundary condition
perturbation on the calculation results is analyzed. The results show
that comparing with the finite element method(FEM) simulation results,
the average relative error of the temperature field is less than 0.7%.
The train size of at least 108 samples can have good accuracy for DLSM.
When the input disturbance is within 5%, the results are in good
agreement with the FEM simulation results. In addition, the calculation
time of DLSM is 104 orders faster than the CFD solver, verifying that
the model has excellent accuracy, robustness and real-time performance.
This method can provide an efficient analysis tool for visualizing the
internal status of bushing, and provide a reliable and competitive
option for digital twins and thermal fault analysis of bushing.