bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fault detection of wheel in wheel/rail system using kurtosis beamforming method
Authors: Chen Long , Choy Yat Sze , Wang Tian Gang , Chiang Yan Kei
Published: June 2019

Fault detection systems are typically applied in the railway industry to examine the structural health status of the wheel/rail system. We herein propose a time-domain kurtosis beamforming technique using an array of microphones for the fault identification and localisation of the wheel/rail system under an environment with high background noise. As an acoustics-based noncontact diagnosis method, this technique overcomes the challenge of the contact between the sensors and examined structures, and it is more applicable for impulsive signals of broadband nature, such as impact noise generated from faults on the wheel surface. Moreover, the application of kurtosis enables the identification and localisation at low signal-to-noise ratio. Under such circumstance, the impulsive signals generated by faults were totally merged in rolling noise and background noise. Meanwhile, different types of faults on the wheels could be identified and localised by observing the kurtosis value on the beamforming sound map. The effectiveness of the proposed method to diagnose the type of wheel fault with low signal-to-noise ratio and moving source has been validated experimentally. This method may provide a useful tool for the routine maintenance of trains.
Effect of nano-SnO2 on early-age hydration of Portland cement paste
Authors: Zhu Jianping , Li Genshen , Xia Ruijie , Hou Huanhuan , Yin Haibin , Feng Chunhua , Guan Xuemao , Li Dongxu , Zhang Wenyan
Published: June 2019

Nanomaterial, as a new emerging material in the field of civil engineering, has been widely utilized to enhance the mechanical properties of cementitious material. Nano-SnO2 has presented high hardness characteristics, but there is little study of the application of nano-SnO2 in the cementitious materials. This study mainly investigated the hydration characteristics and strength development of Portland cement paste incorporating nano-SnO2 powders with 0%, 0.08%, and 0.20% dosage. It was found that the early-age compressive strength of cement paste could be greatly improved when nano-SnO2 was incorporated with 0.08% dosage. The hydration process and microstructure were then measured by hydraulic test machine, calorimeter, nanoindentation, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and mercury intrusion porosimetry. It was found that the cement hydration process was promoted by the addition of nano-SnO2, and the total amount of heat released from cement hydration is also increased. In addition, the addition of nano-SnO2 can promote the generations of high density C-S-H and reduce the generations of low density C-S-H indicating the nucleation effect of nano-SnO2 in the crystal growth process. The porosity and probable pore diameter of cement paste with 0.08% nano-SnO2 were decreased, and the scanning electron microscopic results also show that the cement paste with 0.08% nano-SnO2 promotes the densification of cement microstructure, which are consistent with the strength performance.
Optimal design of combined propulsion Underwater Glider for operation of the East Sea of South Korea
Authors: Hong Sung-Min , Lee Sinje , Hyeon Jong-Wu , Lee Jung-Han , Lee Seunghun , Lee Cheolku , Ko Sung-Hyub
Published: June 2019

An underwater glider is an autonomous underwater vehicle that is propelled by changes in volume. Due to this propulsion method, it is possible to make observations with these devices continuously for 30–60 days. Of the gliders’ physical properties, the volume change has the greatest influence on the cruising speed. The speed can be increased by increasing the volume change, but this also increases the energy consumption. Therefore, the change in buoyancy is very important for the operation of underwater gliders. Hence, it is necessary to optimize the change in buoyancy. In this study, we describe a technique for optimizing the design of underwater gliders intended to operate in the East Sea of Korea using a combined buoyancy engine and thruster propulsion system. First, we carried out a simulation study to optimize the volume change of the buoyancy engine based on the average flow velocity distribution, water temperature, and vertical salinity distribution in the East Sea. Then, we used our simulations to predict the optimal change in volume of the underwater glider. Finally, we discuss the advantages of operating with thrusters in special environments under specific water temperature, salinity distribution, and ocean current conditions.
Prediction of wheel wear of different types of articulated monorail based on co-simulation of MATLAB and UM software
Authors: Jiang Yongzhi , Zhong Wensheng , Wu Pingbo , Zeng Jing , Zhang Yunchang , Wang Shuai
Published: June 2019

Analysis of the Chongqing monorail shows that there is no relationship between wheel wear and radial force, which means the radial force cannot be used to evaluate the wheel wear of monorail. Due to the same physical significance of the Schallamach tire wear model for automobiles, the wear index of railway wheels, which represents the creep power of unit wheel–rail contact area, is proved to be effective in evaluating the wheel wear of railway vehicles, automobiles, and vehicles with both properties, namely, monorail. Parameters of Chongqing monorail, modified through genetic algorithm, are used to build the model of the articulated monorail. Through co-simulation of the MATLAB and UM software, the wheel wears of two types of articulated monorail are calculated. For both types of monorails, correlation analysis shows that the variation of driving wheel and guide wheel wear of the inner bogies with the track curvature radius are roughly the same. The variation of the wheel wears in the two end bogies is a little different from that of the inner bogies. Comparison indicates that the wheels of the bolster type monorail wear more than that of the non-bolster type. Regardless of the monorail type, the wheels in the inner bogies wear more.
Atopic Dermatitis: Management in the School Setting
Authors: Schoessler Sally
Published: June 2019

Atopic dermatitis, a form of eczema, has a physical, psychological, and social impact on students at school. The purpose of this article is to provide current information surrounding the symptoms and treatment of this disorder. School nurses can be a partner in atopic dermatitis care and improve health outcomes for these students.
Palliative chemotherapy for patients with synchronous metastases of small‐bowel adenocarcinoma: A reflection of daily practice
Authors: Legué Laura M , Bernards Nienke , Lemmens Valery EPP , de Hingh Ignace HJT , Creemers Geert-Jan , van Erning Felice N
Published: June 2019

Background

As small‐bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) is scarce, no standard systemic regimen in metastatic disease has been defined.

Objective

To obtain insights into the use and effects of palliative chemotherapy in patients with metastatic SBA in a population‐based setting.

Methods

Data from the Netherlands Cancer Registry of patients with metastatic SBA between 2007 and 2016 were used (n = 522). For patients treated with palliative chemotherapy, differences in treatment regimens and survival were evaluated.

Results

Palliative chemotherapy was received by 38% of patients (n = 199). First‐line combination chemotherapy was administered to 80% of patients, mainly CAPOX/FOLFOX. Single‐agent chemotherapy mostly consisted of capecitabine. Second‐line treatment, mostly irinotecan‐based (58%), was prescribed to 27% of patients. Age 70 years or older was an adverse predictive factor for receiving first‐line combination chemotherapy (odds ratio (OR) 0.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.08–0.62) and second‐line therapy (OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.10–0.72). Median overall survival with palliative chemotherapy was 9.3 months, compared with 3.0 months without. In subanalyses, patients who received only first‐line treatment had a median overall survival of 5.6 and 7.0 months after single‐agent and combination chemotherapy, respectively.

Conclusion

A minority of patients were treated with palliative chemotherapy. First‐line treatment consisted predominantly of oxaliplatin‐based combination chemotherapy, whereas second‐line treatment was mainly irinotecan‐based. Population‐based median overall survival for selected patients treated with chemotherapy amounted to nine months.
Exploratory MRI measures after intravenous autologous culture-expanded mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Feng Jenny , Offerman Erik , Lin Jian , Fisher Elizabeth , Planchon Sarah M , Sakaie Ken , Lowe Mark , Nakamura Kunio , Cohen Jeffrey A , Ontaneda Daniel
Published: June 2019

Background

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have immunomodulatory and neuro-protective properties and are being studied for treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Tractography-based diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), cortical thickness (Cth) and T2 lesion volume (T2LV) can provide insight into treatment effects.

Objective

The objective of this study was to analyse the effects of MSC transplantation in MS on exploratory MRI measures.

Methods

MRIs were obtained from 24 MS patients from a phase 1 open-label study of autologous MSC transplantation. DTI metrics were obtained in lesions and normal-appearing white matter motor tracts (NAWM). T2LV and Cth were derived. Longitudinal evolution of MRI outcomes were modelled using linear mixed effects. Pearson’s correlation was calculated between MRI and clinical measures.

Results

Lesional radial diffusivity (RD) and axial diffusivity (AD) decreased pre-transplant and showed no changes post-transplant. There were mixed trends in NAWM RD and AD pre/post-transplant. Transplantation stabilized T2LV growth. NAWM RD and AD correlated with Cth, T2LV and with leg and arm function but not with cognition. Lesional DTI demonstrated similar but less robust correlations.

Conclusions

Microstructural tissue integrity is altered in MS. DTI changes pre-transplant may be influenced by concomitant lesion accrual. Contributor to DTI stabilization post-transplant is multifactorial. DTI of major motor tracts correlated well with clinical measures, highlighting its sensitivity to clinically meaningful changes.
Firefighter daytime visibility: trim properties and conspicuity
Authors: Kahl Jonathan T. , Anderson Nathan J. , Casner Glenn , Shuman Vera , Gardner Tim J.
Published: June 2019

Conspicuity enhancing trims on turnout gear promote firefighters’ abilities to (1) reduce the possibility of struck-by accidents, (2) be located and recognized by others, and (3) coordinate their work with colleagues. Firefighting personal protective equipment (PPE) ensemble standards specify technical requirements for new visibility materials. A better understanding of the relation between laboratory measures of material properties and behavioral measures of conspicuity can be used to evaluate existing and newly developed turnout gear trim designs. The current paper examined how photometric luminance measures (%Y) of fluorescent trims on firefighter turnout gear relate to daytime conspicuity in two naturalistic field experiments (distance detection and identification, peripheral detection). The test samples consisted of lime yellow and orange-red fluorescent trims, including traditional solid trims and more recently developed segmented trims. We found overall strong relations between measured luminance and (1) observers’ detection of a firefighter from afar, and (2) observers’ identification of the color of a firefighter’s clothing in their peripheral view. A relation did not exist between %Y and peripheral detection. Additionally, the experiments demonstrated that traditional solid and newer segmented trim designs showed little conspicuity performance difference, with the only observed difference being in peripheral color identification. This suggests that the impact of luminance on conspicuity may be overestimated when evaluating a trim’s daytime performance. Our results further support that luminance measures alone are not sufficient to evaluate the conspicuity of turnout gear in naturalistic settings.
Sedentarism, Physical Activity, Steps, and Neurotrophic Factors in Obese Children
Authors: MORA-GONZALEZ JOSE , MIGUELES JAIRO H. , ESTEBAN-CORNEJO IRENE , CADENAS-SANCHEZ CRISTINA , PASTOR-VILLAESCUSA BELÉN , MOLINA-GARCÍA PABLO , RODRIGUEZ-AYLLON MARÍA , RICO MARÍA C. , GIL ANGEL , AGUILERA CONCEPCIÓN M. , ESCOLANO-MARGARIT MARÍA VICTORIA , GEJL ANNE KAER , ANDERSEN LARS BO , CATENA ANDRÉS , ORTEGA FRANCISCO B.
Published: June 2019

Purpose

This study aimed to examine the associations of sedentary time, physical activity (PA) and step-related behaviors with neurotrophic growth factors.

Methods

A total of 97 children with overweight/obesity age 8 to 11 yr participated in this study. Sedentary time, PA, and steps were measured by GT3X+ accelerometers in hip and nondominant wrist. Estimates of light, moderate, vigorous, and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) were obtained. Steps per daytime, peak 60-, 30-, and 1-min cadence were computed. The time accumulated (min·d−1) in different cadence bands of steps was also computed from hip accelerometer. Plasma levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were determined by the XMap technology (Luminex IS 100/200 system, Luminex Corporation, Austin, TX).

Results

Light PA, moderate PA, MVPA, and the peak 60-min cadence were positively related with BDNF concentrations (all P < 0.05), and only light PA to VEGF (P = 0.048). No association was observed for IGF-1 (P > 0.05). The associations of light PA with BDNF and VEGF disappeared (all P > 0.05) after performing analyses with nondominant wrist-placement data. However, moderate PA and MVPA remained significantly associated with BDNF (both P < 0.05). The time accumulated in cadence bands of 40 to 59 steps per day and 60 to 79 steps per day (i.e., walking at slow pace) was positively associated with plasma BDNF (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

In conclusion, PA is positively related to plasma BDNF, whereas no relationship was observed for VEGF or IGF-1. Higher amounts of time spent in slow walking cadence bands could increment BDNF levels. Exercise-based randomized controlled trials in children with overweight/obesity should be carried out to better understand the influence of PA behaviors on the neurotrophic factors.
Fuel Use during Exercise at Altitude in Women with Glucose–Fructose Ingestion
Authors: O’HARA JOHN P. , DUCKWORTH LAUREN , BLACK ALISTAIR , WOODS DAVID R. , MELLOR ADRIAN , BOOS CHRISTOPHER , GALLAGHER LIAM , TSAKIRIDES COSTAS , ARJOMANDKHAH NICOLA C. , MORRISON DOUGLAS J. , PRESTON THOMAS , KING RODERICK F. G. J.
Published: June 2019

Purpose

This study compared the coingestion of glucose and fructose on exogenous and endogenous substrate oxidation during prolonged exercise at terrestrial high altitude (HA) versus sea level, in women.

Method

Five women completed two bouts of cycling at the same relative workload (55% W
max) for 120 min on acute exposure to HA (3375 m) and at sea level (~113 m). In each trial, participants ingested 1.2 g·min−1 of glucose (enriched with 13C glucose) and 0.6 g·min−1 of fructose (enriched with 13C fructose) before and every 15 min during exercise. Indirect calorimetry and isotope ratio mass spectrometry were used to calculate fat oxidation, total and exogenous carbohydrate oxidation, plasma glucose oxidation, and endogenous glucose oxidation derived from liver and muscle glycogen.

Results

The rates and absolute contribution of exogenous carbohydrate oxidation was significantly lower at HA compared with sea level (effect size [ES] > 0.99, P < 0.024), with the relative exogenous carbohydrate contribution approaching significance (32.6% ± 6.1% vs 36.0% ± 6.1%, ES = 0.56, P = 0.059) during the second hour of exercise. In comparison, no significant differences were observed between HA and sea level for the relative and absolute contributions of liver glucose (3.2% ± 1.2% vs 3.1% ± 0.8%, ES = 0.09, P = 0.635 and 5.1 ± 1.8 vs 5.4 ± 1.7 g, ES = 0.19, P = 0.217), and muscle glycogen (14.4% ± 12.2% vs 15.8% ± 9.3%, ES = 0.11, P = 0.934 and 23.1 ± 19.0 vs 28.7 ± 17.8 g, ES = 0.30, P = 0.367). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in total fat oxidation between HA and sea level (66.3 ± 21.4 vs 59.6 ± 7.7 g, ES = 0.32, P = 0.557).

Conclusions

In women, acute exposure to HA reduces the reliance on exogenous carbohydrate oxidation during cycling at the same relative exercise intensity.
Ways of Being of Equipment: A Heideggerian Enquiry into Design Process
Authors: Puthussery Honeylal
Published: June 2019

The paper lays out an ontological enquiry into the ways of ‘being of equipment’ as analysed by Heidegger and its role in understanding the design process. Equipments are things that make up our world. It is hard to imagine living without things because our existence is thingly textured. Heidegger’s analytics of equipment far exceeds the ontic sense of things. The argument is that there is a danger when designers limit themselves with the ontic understanding of equipment. Such an understanding coaxes us to believe in the half-baked truth about equipment- an isolated instance of a piece of artifact and leave us ignorant of the equipment's character as a part of an equipment structure. An ontological reflection on equipment brings forth its relational nature and can be rewarding in several ways in improving its design process.
Heidegger on Rhetoric: An Existential Deconstruction of the Notion of Communication
Authors: Pandiaraj Deepak
Published: June 2019

This paper attempts to show how Martin Heidegger’s phenomenological interpretation of Aristotle’s theory of rhetoric can be interpreted usefully to understand the existential dimension of communication. Heidegger’s treatment of communication as a phenomenon is ontologically broader as he locates it within the existential analytics of Dasein. Taking Heidegger’s 1924 Marburg lecture, Being and Time and other texts dealing with the problem of the being of language as theoretical sources, this study first presents the importance of Heidegger’s conception of rhetoric and then shows how this throws light on the ontological aspects of communication as such. Human beings in their basic mode of existence as being-in-the-world and speaking-with-one-another is always already in communication through language. If rhetoric is a way of having the existential view about how matters present themselves in a particular manner by virtue of speaking about it with-one-another, then it is in the region of the doxa of people. Further, how existential communication works in our concrete life is demonstrated through a rhetorical analysis of the film Blow-Up.
НАЗНАЧЕНИЕ ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫХ И СМАРТ-ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В ОБРАЗОВАНИИ И ИХ ВЛИЯНИЕ НА КОММУНИКАТИВНЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ЛИЧНОСТИ
Authors: Boeva A. Yu. , Chueva M. Yu.
Published: June 2019

Рассмотрен вопрос положительного и отрицательного влияния использования информационных технологий в образовательном процессе, который влечет ответственность преподавателя и родителя по отношению к учащемуся, рассмотрено влияние информационного пространства на психические паттерны учащихся.
СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ УСЛОВИЯ АДАПТАЦИи ПЕРВОКУРСНИКОВ В ТЕХНИКУМЕ
Authors: Nekrasova V. A.
Published: June 2019

В статье представлены результаты экспериментальной работы по реализации педагогических условий адаптации первокурсников в техникуме. Изучение адаптации обучающихся первого курса в техникуме.
МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ УЧЕТА МЕЖПРЕДМЕТНЫХ СВЯЗЕЙ В ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ
Authors: Reshetnikova I. S.
Published: June 2019

В статье дан анализ понятия «межпредметные связи» выделены типы межпредметных связей установлены способы принципы и уровни реализации межпредметных связей при организации учебного процесса в профессиональном обучении.
СЕТЕВЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ КАК СРЕДСТВО ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТИ В КУРСЕ ИНФОРМАТИКИ ОСНОВНОЙ ШКОЛЫ
Authors: Richter T. V. , Krasnov M. D.
Published: June 2019

В статье рассмотрена сущность информационной компетентности школьников, выделены ее структурные компоненты-умения, выявлены сетевые технологии, влияющие на их формирование при обучении школьному курсу информатики.
МЕСТО И РОЛЬ ЗАМЕСТИТЕЛЯ ДИРЕКТОРА ПО НАУЧНО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКОЙ РАБОТЕ В ШКОЛЕ
Authors: Sterkhov A. A.
Published: June 2019

Статья посвящена исследованию места и роли заместителя директора по научно-методической работе в современной российской школе. Выявлены личностные и профессиональные качества, необходимые для эффективной работы в указанной должности. Рассмотрены основные аспекты деятельности заместителя директора по научно-методической работе в рамках эффективного менеджмента, направленного на модернизацию и развитие общеобразовательной организации. Сделан вывод о необходимости превращения школы в центр подготовки к полноценной социализации личности обучающегося в современном государстве и обществе.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ СЕРВИСОВ GOOGLE В ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ
Authors: Tumasyan A. Y.
Published: June 2019

В статье рассматривается популярность и доступность Google-сервисов, приводятся примеры использования учителями Google-сервисов на уроках в школе, выделяются преимущества данных Интернет-ресурсов.
КОМПЬЮТЕРНОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ КАК ОСНОВА РАЗВИТИЯ НАУЧНО-ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКОЙ КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ СТУДЕНТОВ
Authors: Tyulpinova N. V.
Published: June 2019

Рассмотрены вопросы организации учебных исследований с применением компьютерного моделирования. Представлены примеры постановки учебных исследований, реализуемых с применением компьютерного моделирования.
СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ СТУДЕНТОВ: АНЦИПИРОВАННЫЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Shilova V. S.
Published: June 2019

В настоящей статье раскрываются некоторые теоретические предпосылки исследования проблемы целей в системе социально-экологического образования студентов, раскрывается их сущность, определяются перспективы использования в процессе профессиональной подготовки.
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ И ЭМОЦИИ: ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ЭМОЦИЙ В НАШЕЙ ЖИЗНИ И В ОБУЧЕНИИ
Authors: Berman N. D.
Published: June 2019

Эмоции являются значимым фактором в развитии и воспитании личности. В статье рассмотрены текущие эмпирические исследования в контексте образования и эмоций, показана необходимость переосмысления педагогического образования, профессионального развития и образовательной политики.
ПРОБЛЕМА ВОЗРАСТНОГО ЦИФРОВОГО РАЗРЫВА СОВРЕМЕННОСТИ
Authors: Galiullina E. R. , Shakirov A. A. , Zaripova R. S.
Published: June 2019

В настоящее время в мире существуют три широкие тенденции: старение нашего населения, продолжающаяся урбанизация человеческих обществ и растущая зависимость от информационно-коммуникационных технологий (ИКТ). Демографические изменения, ведущие к старению населения, происходят одновременно с быстрыми технологическими изменениями. В данной статье рассматриваются проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются пожилые люди в возрасте от 65 лет.
ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЕ САМООПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ КАК ПСИХОГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЙ ВЫБОР ПРОФЕССИИ НА ОСНОВАНИИ АНАЛИЗА ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОГО ДРЕВА И ОЦЕНКИ ВНУТРЕННИХ РЕСУРСОВ СУБЪЕКТА
Authors: Gordienko N. V. , Smirnova K. A.
Published: June 2019

В статье рассмотрен феномен психогенетического выбора профессии на основании анализа генетического древа и оценки внутренних ресурсов субъекта, подробно рассмотрены вопросы взаимосвязи между предопреде-ленностью профессионального выбора на основании генетического фактора и формированием личности в развитии, с учетом влияния на данный процесс условий среды, других лиц (родителей, преподавателей, сверстников).В работе использованы статьи известных российских и зарубежных ученых, имеющих по данной теме результаты многолетних исследований и наблюдений.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОГО РАЗВИТИЯ МЛАДШИХ ШКОЛЬНИКОВ ПРИ ПЕРЕХОДЕ К ОБУЧЕНИЮ В ОСНОВНОЙ ШКОЛЕ
Authors: Kargin M. I. , Smirnov E. A.
Published: June 2019

В статье раскрываются различные подходы к определению термина «интеллектуальное развитие», разъясняются особенности интеллектуального развития младших школьников, его взаимосвязь со школьной успеваемостью. Автором представлены данные теоретического анализа научных трудов по теме, результаты исследования, позволяющего определить особенности интеллектуального развития младших школьников при переходе к обучению в средней школе.
ЗДОРОВЫЙ ОБРАЗ ЖИЗНИ В ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ
Authors: Konovalova N. V.
Published: June 2019

В статье рассматривается понятие здорового образа жизни в рамках образовательного процесса. Одной из форм реализации является проведение мероприятий по его формированию в молодежной среде. В статье представлена программа по формированию здорового образа жизни в образовательной среде при помощи различных техник и методик. Задачей формирования здорового образа жизни является создание программы, отражающей основные аспекты, направленные на осознание и принятие молодежью здорового образа жизни как части своей социальной активности.
САМОПРЕЗЕНТАЦИЯ КАК ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА СОЦИАЛЬНОГО ПОВЕДЕНИЯ СТАРШЕКЛАССНИКОВ
Authors: Kulikova T. I.
Published: June 2019

В статье рассматриваются психологические особенности старшеклассников, определяющих стратегии самопрезентации в данном возрастном периоде. Для пониания поведенческих актов личности старшеклассника приводится классификация стратегий самопрезентации А. Шутц. Предлагается авторская структурная модель самопрезентации старшеклассника.
ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ СПЕЦИФИКА КОПИНГ-ПОВЕДЕНИЯ МУЖЧИН И ЖЕНЩИН
Authors: Afanasyeva Y. A.
Published: June 2019

В статье описано и проанализировано исследование психологических особенностей копинг-поведения у мужчин и женщин. Был проведен сравнительный анализ социально-психологических различий копинг-поведения у представителей разных полов. Выборку исследования составили 160 человек, в возрасте от 25 до 75 лет, проживающих в Республике Северная Осетия-Алания. Из опрошенных: 100 человек женщин и 60 мужчин. Комплекс эмпирических методов составил: «Копинг-поведение в стрессовых ситуациях», «Опросник совладания со стрессом COPE» и «Пятифакторный опросник личности BIG FIVE». На основе проведенного исследования автором установлено, что мужчины чаще предпочитают использование проблемно-ориентированного, а женщины – эмоционально-ориентированного копинг-поведения. Впервые описаны достоверные различия в предпочитаемых копинг-стратегиях среди мужчин и женщин. Полученные результаты способствуют обогащению научных представлений по проблеме влияния половозрастных факторов на процесс формирования копинг-поведения.
БИБЛИОТЕРАПИЯ КАК ЭФФЕКТИВНЫЙ МЕТОД РАБОТЫ С ДЕПРЕССИВНЫМИ СОСТОЯНИЯМИ
Authors: Pashkina E. A. , Kalinina T. V.
Published: June 2019

В статье раскрыта проблема депрессивных состояний учащейся молодежи и ее актуальность на сегодняшний день в работе психолого-педагогической службы вуза. Библиотерапия представлена, как один из эффективных арт-терапевтических методов в работе с депрессивными состояниями. Представлено два направления библиотерапии по степени включенности клиента в психотерапевтический процесс. Описан диагностический и терапевтический потенциал библиотерапии. Предпринята попытка описания использования библиотерапии в работе с деприссивными состояниями современной учащейся молодежи.
О ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ОСОБЕННОСТЯХ ЛЮДЕЙ, ЖИВУЩИХ В ЦИФРОВУЮ ЭПОХУ
Authors: Preobrazhenskiy A. P. , Choporov O. N.
Published: June 2019

Анализируются вопросы, связанные с влиянием цифровых технологий на психологию людей. Показано, что меняется в образовательной сфере.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ ОБУЧЕНИЯ ДЕТЕЙ С РАССТРОЙСТВОМ АУТИСТИЧЕСКОГО СПЕКТРА В УСЛОВИЯХ ИНКЛЮЗИВНОЙ ШКОЛЫ
Authors: Burlakova M. A. , Fedorova N. N.
Published: June 2019

В статье рассматриваются проблемы обучения детей с РАС в инклюзивной школе и пути их решения.
АНАЛИЗ ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ СИСТЕМЫ ОЦЕНКИ ЗНАНИЙ ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ
Authors: Zaripova R. S. , Khalueva V. V.
Published: June 2019

Данная исследовательская работа позволила выявить преимущества балльно-рейтинговой системы (БРС) в высшем учебном заведении и доказала, что БРС может быть применима в учебном процессе как система оценки знаний и одно из средств повышения учебной мотивации, формирования навыка самостоятельной деятельности, развития инициативности, лидерских качеств у студентов.
О ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ МЕЖДИСЦИПЛИНАРНОЙ ИНТЕГРАЦИИ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА И ХИМИИ В СТАРШИХ КЛАССАХ ОБЩЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ ШКОЛЫ
Authors: Kostyоnova D. Yu. , Sigоlaeva T. E. , Mishina A. V.
Published: June 2019

Проведено исследование в области междисциплинарной интеграции русского языка и химии в старших классах общеобразовательной школы.
ОЦЕНКА ВАЛЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ЗНАНИЙ И ВАЛЕОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ У ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ В СТАРШИХ КЛАССАХ НА УРОКАХ ХИМИИ
Authors: Kostyоnova D. Yu. , Sigоlaeva T. E. , Mishina A. V. , Metelkina D. S. , Peshkovа A. M.
Published: June 2019

В статье представлены результаты полученные в ходе исследования валеологических знаний и валеологической культуры обучающихся старших классов общеобразовательной школы.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ЛИЧНОСТНЫХ УНИВЕРСАЛЬНЫХ УЧЕБНЫХ ДЕЙСТВИЙ У МЛАДШИХ ШКОЛЬНИКОВ (на примере нравственно-этической ориентации)
Authors: Laptieva G. G.
Published: June 2019

Одним из компонентов личностных универсальных учебных действий является нравственно-этическая ориентация. В статье представлены критерии и уровни сформированности нравственно-этической ориентации у младших школьников.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ПРЕПОДАВАТЕЛЯ РУССКОГО КАК ИНОСТРАННОГО В МЕДИЦИНСКОМ ВУЗЕ
Authors: Mirzoyeva V. M. , Axenova Е. D. , Kuznetsova А. А. , Tkacheva R. A.
Published: June 2019

Данная статья посвящена основным аспектам формирования толерантного сознания иностранных студентов-медиков, которые неразрывно связаны с лингвокультурной адаптацией. Анализ данной проблемы, проведенный авторами в рамках этого направления, свидетельствует о том, что успешность работы преподавателя русского языка как иностранного зависит не только от изучения языка параллельно с изучением человека как языковой личности, но и от того, насколько творчески преподаватель использует способы педагогического управления данным лингвоэтносоциумом. Важную роль в медицинском вузе при этом играет связь преподавания русского языка как иностранного с получаемой специальностью, в связи с чем язык медицинской науки становится, во-первых, ведущим мотивирующим фактором в обучении русскому языку как неродному, во-вторых, расширяет границы профессиональной коммуникации, способствует инкультурации иноязычного человека в российскую действительность, а значит, облегчает решение социопсихологических проблем. Данные вопросы авторы статьи рассматривают, опираясь на многолетний опыт педагогической работы с иностранными обучающимися в медицинском вузе.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОБУЧЕНИЯ ЛЕКСИЧЕСКРЙ СТОРОНЕ ПРИ ИЗУЧЕНИИ ФРАНЦУЗСКОГО ЯЗЫКА КАК ВТОРОГО ИНОСТРАННОГО НА БАЗЕ АНГЛИЙСКОГО
Authors: Parshutkina T. A. , Fakashchuk N. G. , Luzhnykh A. A.
Published: June 2019

На сегодняшний день нет единой методики преподавания французского языка как второго иностранного. Каждый методист предлагает свою методику и приемы. В данной статье подробно было рассмотрено обучение лексическому аспекту (на базе английского языка), поскольку это неотъемлемая часть всех видов речевой деятельности. Кроме того, также были выделены методы обучения лексической стороне: метод сопоставления и метод языковой догадки.
School bullying and symptoms of depression
Authors: dervishi eglantina
Published: June 2019

Aim of the study

The purpose of the present study is to explore the relationship between bullying behavior and depressive symptoms in adolescents

Subject or material and methods

Methods:The research study included 284 teenagers, of whom 145 (51.1%) females and 139 (48.9%) males. Students ranged from the age of 13 to the maximum at 18 years old. Average age of surveyed students (M = 15.5) years with a standard deviation SD 1.2. The data were collected through the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI, Kovacs, 1978) and the Reciprocal Relationship Assessment Questionnaire (PRQ) (Rigby & Slee, 1994).

Results

The results revealed that there is a significant statistical relationship between the frequency of adolescent victimization and their depressive symptoms (Sig 2 tailed = 0.00 <0.05), so children who were more prey to bulling behaviors experienced more depressive symptoms (0.3 < r = 0.485 <0.6).

Discussion

The relationship between victimizing behaviors and depressive symptoms in adolescents seems to be at the same time controlling the gender, age, and academic performance variables. The findings revealed that prey to depression symptoms were also adolescents included in the victim's and aggressor's profile.

Conclusions

Conclusions: Being a victim or aggressor compose a strong indicator relating to the likely chances to be affected by depression. In this aspect, variables such as age, gender and academic achievement seem to have no significant role in the bulling-depression binomial function.
Choice of medical specialty and personality traits measured with the EPQ-R(S) in medical students and specialist doctors
Authors: Kuriata Aneta , Borys Elżbieta , Misiołek Urszula , Gałczyński Adam , Runowska Katarzyna , Cyranka Katarzyna , Krupa Anna , Mielimąka Michał , Rutkowski Krzysztof
Published: June 2019

Aim of the study

The study was conducted to examine the differences between personality traits of medical students choosing future specialties and among specialist doctors.

Subject or material and methods

Two groups were tested: students and specialist doctors, in total 87 people. The first group consisted of 5th and 6th year medical students (48 people), and the second group of doctors of various specialties (39 people). The statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica 10 software. The significance level of p <0.05 was chosen. The EPQ-R(S) test was used to assess the personality traits.

Results

In the group of students, there were no differences in the personality traits measured by the EPQ-R(S) test depending on their preferred specialty (surgical, non-surgical, pediatric, internal medicine specialties or areas, which do not require contact with the patient). In the group of specialist doctors there were no differences in personality traits measured by the EPQ-R(S) test for pediatric and surgical specialists. It was confirmed that internal medicine specialists have a higher level of extraversion.

Discussion

Personality traits are not the most important factor influencing the choice of the professional path of young Polish doctors. Contrary to the stereotypes prevailing in the medical environment, also among specialist doctors, the personality differences are not so obvious.

Conclusions

The results of this study can be used in medical career counseling, in order to help young medical students to choose their future career path.
The Young Pope: An Italian ‘celevision’ case study
Authors: Manzato Anna , Mascio Antonella
Published: June 2019

By analysing the case of The Young Pope by Paolo Sorrentino, this article aims to consider how celebrity culture, a well-known transnational phenomenon, is embodied in Italian media production. The television series, which was aired by Sky Atlantic starting on 21 October 2016, is a typical example of the circulation of movie stars towards television, thus implying a new kind of ‘celevision’. Moreover, media discourse about The Young Pope shows how the very concept of celebrity is constructed. In this broad context, the article first analyses the textual structure of The Young Pope, looking for specific celebrity production features; it also considers media discourse through a qualitative sample of press, TV and social media about the series before, during and shortly after its airing. The overall data thus describe the overlapping dimensions of transnational and national celebrity construction, while also pointing out the transmedia flow of celebrity culture.
Reviews
Authors: Mariani Annachiara , Mariani Annachiara , Mariani Annachiara , Mariani Annachiara , Mariani Annachiara
Published: June 2019

Loro 1 and Loro 2, Paolo Sorrentino (dir.) (2018) Italy and France: Indigo Films

Piccole avventure romane (Fleeting Roman Adventures), Paolo Sorrentino (dir.) (2018) Italy: Collateral Films and Indigo Film.

Del desiderio e del godimento: viaggio al termine dell’ideologia ne La grande bellezza di Paolo Sorrentino, Guido Mori (2018) Milan: Mimesis, 195 pp., ISBN 978-8-85754-246-1, p/bk, €18.00

La maschera, il potere, la solitudine: il cinema di Paolo Sorrentino, Franco Vigni (2017) Firenze: Aska, 264 pp., ISBN 978-8-87542-177-9, p/bk, €20.00, ePUB, €17.00

The Young Sorrentino, Italo Moscati (2017) Rome: Castelvecchi Editore, 60 pp., ISBN 978-8-86944-927-7, p/bk, €7.50
Estudo de percepções e avaliações do consumo de água em escolas públicas do Recife
Authors: Moraes Juliana Farias Santos de , Nunes Luiz Gustavo Costa Ferreira , Silva Simone Rosa da
Published: June 2019

Com a crescente expansão populacional, a demanda hídrica vem sendo intensificada nos centros urbanos, comprometendo os mananciais responsáveis pelo abastecimento das cidades, cujo comportamento dos usuários apresenta-se diretamente ligado ao consumo e desperdício dos recursos hídricos. Nesse contexto, as tipologias de edificação escolares, geralmente, podem ser enquadradas como grandes desperdiçadoras de água. Desperta-se a importância de incentivar políticas de conservação da água. O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar as principais atividades consumidoras de água em duas escolas públicas e identificar o desperdício por ambiente, de acordo com a percepção dos usuários para o uso racional desse insumo. A metodologia consistiu na aplicação de questionários de avaliação e formulários de observação, para determinação do índice de percepção dos usuários (IU) quanto ao uso racional da água de duas escolas públicas estaduais. Os resultados obtidos indicam que, apenas 64,11% e 64,49% das atividades consumidoras de água são realizadas de maneira racional, sendo que algumas medidas, como a educação ambiental e a manutenção preventiva de equipamentos hidrossanitários, são propostas com a intenção de promover a otimização do uso da água nos ambientes escolares.
Avaliação de chumbo (pb), mercúrio (hg) e cádmio (cd) no sedimento de margem da represa do Guarapiranga, uma questão de saúde pública
Authors: Garcia João Brogotá Perdigão , Azevedo Maria Regina Andrade de
Published: June 2019

Um dos maiores reservatórios de água da zona sul de São Paulo, a represa do Guarapiranga, assistiu a ocupação irregular do manancial tomar proporções irreversíveis, comprometendo a qualidade da água com o lançamento de esgotos domésticos e industriais sem tratamento prévio, gerando aumento nos níveis de poluição ambiental. A alta concentração de metais pesados em especial nos sedimentos pode ser uma boa indicação de poluição muitas vezes atribuída a influências antropogênicas, ao invés de um enriquecimento natural dos sedimentos geológicos por intemperismo. Neste trabalho foram investigados seis pontos de coleta, escolhidos observando o acesso dos usuários da represa do Guarapiranga às chamadas “prainhas”, onde buscam seu lazer e momento de descanso com suas famílias. No laboratório da Universidade Santo Amaro em São Paulo, as amostras foram secas à temperatura ambiente, destorroadas, peneiradas e após digestão ácida enviadas para a leitura em espectrômetro de absorção atômica. O resultado da investigação constatou a contaminação de Cd acima dos valores permitidos e a presença de Pb com valores acima e próximos do valor de referência de qualidade. Não foi observada a contaminação de Hg nas amostras coletadas. As concentrações dos metais Cd e Pb que excederam os limites nas amostras coletadas comprovam a necessidade de monitoramento contínuo deste sistema e evidenciam a ação antrópica direta nas condições da represa do Guarapiranga.
Comparação da retenção de cádmio e chumbo nos tecidos vegetais das macrófitas aquáticas aguapé (Eichhornia sp.) e taboa (Typha sp.) por biossorção e fitorremediação
Authors: Bartmeyer Bruna Carolina , Oliveira Luisa Helena dos Santos , Coelho Lucia Helena Gomes
Published: June 2019

Tecnologias alternativas como a biossorção e a fitorremediação são eficazes para remoção de metais da água. A fim de comparar essas duas tecnologias, em escala laboratorial, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a retenção mássica dos metais tóxicos Cd e Pb nos tecidos vegetais de duas espécies de macrófitas aquáticas, o Aguapé (Eichhornia sp.) e a Taboa (Typha sp.). Na biossorção a biomassa seca das macrófitas aquáticas Eichhornia sp. e Typha sp. permaneceram em contato com soluções contaminadas com Cd (4 mg L-1) e Pb (4 mg L-1) isolados em intervalos de tempo distintos, até 24 horas. As amostras foram coletadas, filtradas e analisadas por ICP OES. No ensaio de fitorremediação as plantas mães permaneceram em processo de aclimatação em solução nutritiva. Após a aclimatação plantas filhas foram coletadas e acondicionadas em frascos de polietileno com soluções nutritivas contaminadas com as mesmas concentrações de Cd e Pb isoladamente. Ao longo do período de ensaio, alíquotas da solução foram coletadas, filtradas e analisadas no ICP OES. Para verificação da concentração de metais acumulados nos tecidos vegetais, após 21 dias de contato com as soluções contaminadas, as plantas foram retiradas dos frascos, lavadas e secas para realização da digestão Nitro-Perclórica seguida da análise no ICP OES. Para ambos os tratamentos, os ensaios foram em triplicatas e para a análise estatística utilizou-se o ANOVA e o Teste-t, com nível de significância de 5%. Os metais retidos nos tecidos vegetais (q) do Aguapé apresentaram os valores máximos de 18,8 mg g-1 (Cd) e de 8,6 mg g-1 (Pb) e a Taboa de 15,0 mg g-1 (Cd) e 4,6 mg g-1 (Pb) na biossorção. Na fitorremediação a concentração de metais nos tecidos vegetais do Aguapé foi de 3,2 mg g-1 (Cd) e 4,28 mg g-1 (Pb) e de 5,0 mg g-1 (Cd) e 2,3 mg g-1 (Pb) na Taboa. Aparentemente, as biomassas secas apresentam um melhor desempenho na remoção de Cd e Pb.
O estado da arte em ecologia do solo
Authors: Gonçalves Thamyres Sabrina
Published: June 2019

O ecossistema solo é amplamente divulgado como sendo um dos mais ricos ecossistemas do mundo todavia, apesar de ser reconhecida essa grande complexidade ecossistêmica do solo pouco se conhece acerca das interações que ocorrem nesse ecossistema. As interações que são conhecidas a maior parte delas não foram estudadas dentro da dinâmica natural de funcionamento do ecossistema do solo. Portanto, são amplamente necessários trabalhos que investiguem o estado da arte do conhecimento em ecologia do solo, biologia do solo e de todas as interações que acontecem nesse ecossistema, pois somente a partir do conhecimento e entendimento do que já fora gerado em termos de conhecimento cientifico sobre esses processos, abaixo e acima da camada edáfica superficial é que poderemos avançar de modo a produzir um conhecimento para atender as demandas acerca dos processos ecológicos no solo. Os resultados dessa revisão bibliográfica mostram que houveram importantes avanços na ciência acerca dos processos de interação ecológica no ecossistema solo e que em muito contribuíram para a ecologia, mas que ainda existem muitos temas ou tópicos a serem abordados e organismos pouco ou quase nada estudados. Conclui-se que o ecossistema solo pode ser um ambiente de grandes contribuições para a compreensão de como os processos antrópicos têm influenciado a biodiversidade terrestre e também como poderemos estudar a  recuperação dos processos biológicos que foram perdidos em alguns ecossistemas.
Investigação do impacto do descarte de água termal no rio Cauiazinho, Presidente Epitácio – SP
Authors: Teramoto Elias Hideo , Baessa Marcus Paulus Martins , Chang Hung Kiagn
Published: June 2019

A água termal do Aquífero Guarani localizado no munícipio de Presidente Epitácio/SP, anteriormente utilizado para fins recreativos, é agora descartada para o Rio Caiuazinho, tributário do Rio Paraná. A temperatura da água medida na boca do poço é de 70 °C e as características físico-químicas distintas daquelas observadas no Rio Caiuazinho. Diante das incertezas da influência do descarte de água quente na qualidade do rio, este trabalho pretendeu utilizar os isótopos estáveis e mensuração de parâmetros físico-químicos da água, a fim de se avaliar a influência da água termal no Aquífero Caiuá água subterrânea e superficial na área de interesse. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos foram coletadas 35 amostras de água superficial para análise isotópica, bem como realizada a medição de parâmetros físico-químicos em 48 pontos do Rio Caiuazinho em profundidades distintas, totalizando 224 medições. Os resultados isotópicos aliados à mensuração de parâmetros físico-químicos indicam que a vazão de água termal descartada, isto é, 34,5 m3/h, não promovem alterações significativas nas características no rio.
Monitoramento das concentrações totais de cobre, ferro e manganês na digestão anaeróbia de melaço
Authors: Marques dos Reis da Silva Camila , Nozomi Marques Yabuki Lauren , Loureiro Garcia Marcelo
Published: June 2019

Atualmente, onde o uso dos combustíveis fósseis e a emissão excessiva dos gases do efeito estufa impactam diretamente a qualidade do meio ambiente, a busca por fontes alternativas sustentáveis que supram o aumento da demanda energética mundial é imprescindível. Diante desse cenário, uma solução é o uso de águas residuárias para produção de bioenergia, através de biorrefinarias que, por meio de processos biológicos anaeróbios, digerem a matéria orgânica presente nas águas residuárias e geram o biogás. A produção de biogás ou a eficiência do processo pode ser influenciada pela quantidade de elementos-traço presente na água residuária. O objetivo deste trabalho foi monitorar as concentrações totais dos elementos-traços cobre, ferro e manganês na digestão anaeróbia do melaço para tentar estabelecer a influência dos metais sobre a produção de biogás a partir do tratamento do melaço, a fim de obter uma maximização da produção de energia na forma de biogás, sendo de grande importância e aplicabilidade para minimizar os impactos ambientais. Para o melaço, não foi verificada uma correlação de influência para as faixas de concentração analisadas do cobre (36,78 a 449,38 µg. L-1), ferro (154,61 a 2160,31 µg.L-1) e manganês (25,79 a 391,83 µg.L-1), pois essas faixas não afetaram o desempenho do biorreator.
Avaliação de risco ecológico de solos contaminados pelas abordagens ERAGS e TRIAD: aplicabilidade no contexto brasileiro
Authors: Viezzer da Silva Filipe , Toledo Ramos Débora , Cardoso Nunes Cristina , Xavier Corseuil Henry
Published: June 2019

A constante ameaça aos serviços ecossistêmicos imposta por contaminações antrópicas vem sendo combatida por meio de políticas de gerenciamento de áreas contaminadas. A Avaliação de Risco Ecológico (ARE) tem sido a principal ferramenta de gerenciamento ambiental destas áreas contaminadas, com destaque para as abordagens internacionais ERAGS e TRIAD. No Brasil, a CONAMA 420/2009 prevê a utilização da ARE, porém, atualmente somente as normas estaduais DD 38/2017 (CETESB) e IN 74/2018 (IMA-SC) possuem diretrizes para sua execução. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a aplicabilidade dessas diretrizes em relação às abordagens ERAGS e TRIAD, bem como avaliar a estrutura normativa existente para realização de testes ecotoxicológicos e ecológicos requisitados em AREs de solos contaminados. Para tanto, foi conduzida uma revisão do quadro normativo internacional da ARE para avaliar a aplicabilidade destas metodologias no contexto brasileiro e um levantamento de 42 avaliações de risco ecológico com abordagens ERAGS e TRIAD, para identificar os testes frequentemente executados e compará-los ao panorama normativo brasileiro. Conclui-se que até o momento (i) há pouco detalhamento nas diretrizes estaduais; (ii) há escassez de infraestrutura laboratorial capacitada para execução dos testes e (iii) há necessidade de uma norma nacional que possa detalhar e viabilizar a execução da ARE no Brasil, a fim de efetivamente promover a proteção dos serviços ecossistêmicos.