bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Robert Rees Davies 1938–2005
Authors: Pryce Huw
Published: February 2012

Robert Rees Davies (1938–2005), a Fellow of the British Academy, was a highly original historian who offered compelling new insights into medieval society through a body of work focused on Britain and Ireland and, above all, Wales. He deployed his formidable public skills as a chair of committees and eloquent promoter and advocate of the cause of history. To a considerable extent, Rees Davies' work as a historian was influenced by his higher education at University College London and the University of Oxford, as well as by the example of Marc Bloch and of other French historians. He was born at Glanddwynant, Caletwr, near Llandderfel in Merioneth, the fourth and youngest son of William Edward and Sarah Margaret Davies. The publication in 1987 of Conquest, Coexistence, and Change: Wales 1063–1415, which won the Wolfson Literary Award for History, further enhanced Rees Davies' reputation as a scholar. He was elected a Fellow of the British Academy in the same year.
Charles Francis Digby Moule 1908–2007
Authors: Horbury William
Published: February 2012

Charles Francis Digby Moule (1908–2007), a Fellow of the British Academy, was probably the most influential British New Testament scholar of his time. The youngest of their three children, he was born in the same house as his father, and spent a happy if often solitary childhood in China. Moule spent three years studying theology and training for Holy Orders in the Church of England at Ridley Hall. He soon had to take on leadership of New Testament teaching at the University of Cambridge for the Regius Professor, A. M. Ramsey. Moule was also fascinated, without losing his head as a critic, by the associated question of interaction between liturgy and literature in the early church, posed by such cultic interpreters of the gospels as G. Bertram. He joined the Evangelical Fellowship for Theological Literature, founded in 1942, an impressive body of younger authors that came to include Henry Chadwick, G. W. H. Lampe, S. L. Greenslade, and F. W. Dillistone; the moving spirit was Max Warren.
Anthony David Nuttall 1937–2007
Authors: Lerner Laurence
Published: February 2012

Anthony David Nuttall (1937–2007), a Fellow of the British Academy, was born on April 25, 1937, and grew up in Hereford. He attended Hereford Grammar School and then Watford Grammar School, where he received a thorough, old-fashioned classical education. Nuttall then went to Merton College in the University of Oxford, where he met his lifelong friend Stephen Medcalf. In 1962, he was appointed lecturer in English at the new University of Sussex, rising to professor ten years later, and in 1978 he became Pro-Vice-Chancellor. After twenty-two years teaching at Sussex, Nuttall applied for a fellowship at New College, Oxford. Common Sky (1974) was the book in which he emerged as a critic with a distinctive and compelling way of looking at literature. Another book, Overheard by God (1980) is about George Herbert's poetry, but its first, riveting sentence displays the brilliance of its immodesty. In New Mimesis (1983), Nuttall discusses the present state of literary theory. He also wrote Essay on Man (1984), The Alternative Trinity (1998), and The Stoic in Love (1989).
Milton on Knowing Good from Evil
Authors: Tilmouth Christopher
Published: February 2012

Although poetry's morally instructive purpose was a Renaissance commonplace, Milton developed a detailed conception of what it meant. He argued that poems have the power to ‘inbreed in the great people the seeds of virtue and public civility, to allay the perturbation of mind, and set the affections in right tune’. Milton was a moralizing poet who was sensitive to the challenge of knowing oneself and staying true to the proper rational ideas. His epics and poems were pegged on the ethic of rational choosing. This chapter examines the kinds of moral knowledge upon which free choice must hang and the capacity of Milton's Adam and Eve to make rational choices. It examines Milton's theodicy, which argued that possession of rational powers enables people to choose between good and evil. The chapter assesses how experience influences the capacity of man for self-determination and choice according to Milton's theodicy. In it, three of Milton's poems, which sum up his moral imagination, are examined: Paradise Lost, Reason of the Church Government, and Areopagitica.
Brian Michael Barry 1936–2009
Authors: Weale Albert
Published: February 2012

Brian Barry was the leading European normative political theorist of his generation, his intellectual influence being felt in Europe, North America, Australasia, and indeed wherever normative political theory in the analytical mode is practised. As well as being a Fellow of the British Academy (elected in 1988), he was a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the only Briton to have received the prestigious Johann Skytte prize from the University of Uppsala for achievement in the study of political science. During his life Barry published seven single-authored books and five co-edited volumes, as well as over seventy articles and a large number of reviews and review essays, some of the latter being full-length and original articles in their own right. He had a deep and abiding commitment to the professionalization of the study of politics and was an inspiration to many younger scholars.
Margaret Mary Douglas1 1921–2007
Authors: Fardon Richard
Published: February 2012

Mary Douglas's retirement lasted almost a quarter of a century, quite long enough for her to fade pottering into obscurity. Yet what happened was diametrically, single-mindedly opposite: an increasing productivity well into her eighties; an unchallengeable position within British anthropology's most brilliant professional generation; and a generous reassessment within her own discipline of the work of her mid-career. Few could have predicted this outcome when in 1977 Douglas resigned her professorship at University College London in order to become Director of Research on Culture at the Russell Sage Foundation in New York. Fewer still as she found herself immediately mired in the controversial sacking of the man who had hired her. Yet Douglas emerged from this fray with risk analysis added to the already formidable range of fields on which she wrote. No field of anthropology–religion, symbolism, politics, economics, cognition, to name only a few–was untouched by her ideas.
Laurence Ernest Rowland Picken 1909–2007
Authors: Widdess Richard
Published: February 2012

Laurence Picken contributed to both the sciences and the humanities, and had in particular pioneered a radical transformation in musical perspectives. His work in zoology brought national and international recognition with the award of the Sc.D. in 1952, Fellowship of the Institute of Biology, a Walker-Ames Visiting Professorship at the University of Washington in 1959, and the Linnean Society's Trail Medal in 1960. The Organization of Cells and Other Organisms was the crowning achievement of a long and distinguished career in the natural sciences. Alongside the zoological research and teaching, Picken developed a parallel career as a musicologist, issuing a series of studies on Chinese and other musics that were quite as original and, for their time, definitive, as his scientific publications.
Thomas Monrad Puttfarken 1943–2006
Authors: Podro Michael
Published: February 2012

Thomas Puttfarken was one of the most accomplished and original art historians of the last quarter century. His enormous contribution to the life and work of the University of Essex, where he spent nearly all of his academic career, included vigorous sponsorship of the arts on and off campus (including the University choir), and support for the preservation of the built and natural environments. He was a lover of good food, good wine, good company, and a wide range of music–as well as a talented painter and furniture-maker.
Donne, By Hand
Authors: Lockwood Tom
Published: February 2012

This chapter presents the text of a lecture on John Donne's poetry given at the British Academy's 2009 Chatterton Lecture on History. This text analyses the claims made in H.J.C. Grierson's The Poems of John Donne that John Donne is a manuscript poet for the twentieth century and a poet of, and for, the new university discipline of English. It argues that subsequent understandings of Donne and his works, in manuscript and print, and by different audiences, are necessary elements of the poet we read today.
A comparative study of two polyelectrolyte complexes
Authors: Valdés Oscar , Alexandrova Larissa , Zaldívar Dionisio , Katime Issa
Published: February 2012

This study reports on the synthesis and characterization of interpenetrating polymeric network (IPN) and polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC) produced by ion‐complex formation between natural and synthetic polymer bearing opposed charge. PEC of sodium alginate (NaAlg) and poly(acryloxyethyl‐trimethylammonium chloride‐co‐2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (poly(Q‐co‐H)) were formed by addition of 2.0 wt % sodium alginate solution to 1.5 wt % poly(Q‐co‐H) solution, and by adding the poly(Q‐co‐H) solution to the NaAlg solution under magnetic agitation. The IPN were prepared using the sequential method with three different compositions, in which Q and H monomers were mixed in the 95/5 proportions in presence of NaAlg. The mixture was polymerized at 60°C using potassium persulfate as initiator. The characterizations of scaffolds were investigated by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Isothermal crystallization kinetics of Kevlar fiber‐reinforced wood flour/high‐density polyethylene composites
Authors: Ou Rongxian , Xie Yanjun , Guo Chuigen , Wang Qingwen
Published: February 2012

Kevlar fiber [KF; poly(p‐phenylene terephthalamide)] can be used as a reinforcing element to improve the mechanical properties of the resulting wood thermoplastic composites. This study was devised to investigate the effects of incorporation of KF on the isothermal crystallization kinetics of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) in the resulting composites using differential scanning calorimetry. Avrami model was applied to describe the isothermal crystallization process, and the fold surface‐free energy was calculated according to the Hoffman–Lauritzen theory. Comparative study of neat HDPE, wood flour/HDPE composite (WPC), virgin KF‐reinforced WPC (KFWPC), and grafted Kevlar fiber (GKF)‐reinforced WPC (GKFWPC) showed that the overall crystallization rate, the activation energy, the equilibrium melting temperature, and the fold surface‐free energy of the WPC were apparently changed due to the addition of KF; the crystallizability exhibited an order of KFWPC > GKFWPC > HDPE > WPC. The incorporation of virgin KF may cause the heterogeneous nucleation to induce a change in the crystal growth of HDPE from the tridimensional to bidimensional or to the mixed patterns. Avrami exponent values of the composites decreased with time, confirming the change of crystallization behavior. This study demonstrates that both the KF and GKF can act as nucleating agents to improve the crystallization rate of HDPE. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Foaming of recycled crosslinked polyethylenes via supercritical decrosslinking reaction
Authors: Kwon Yong Jin , Park Wan Yong , Hong Soon Man , Koo Chong Min
Published: February 2012

Foaming of decrosslinked crosslinked polyethylene (DCXLPE) was investigated to assess the feasibility of recycled crosslinked polyethylene for polyolefin foam applications. DCXLPE was recycled from irradiation‐induced crosslinked polyethylene using the supercritical methanol process. As the concentration of crosslinking agents increased, the gel fraction and hardness of the DCXLPE foam sheets increased, while the expansion ratio and cell size decreased. The resulting foam products not only revealed a viable foam structure and properties comparable with those of conventional polyethylene foam from virgin low‐density polyethylene resin but also are expected to open new applications for recycled crosslinked polyolefin via supercritical decrosslinking reaction. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Poly(2‐aminobiphenyl), preparation, characterization, mechanism, and kinetics of the electropolymerization process
Authors: Badawy Waheed A. , Ismail Khaled M. , Khalifa Ziad M. , Medany Shymaa S.
Published: February 2012

Electropolymerization of 2‐aminobiphenyl was carried out on glassy carbon, gold, and platinum electrodes, in aqueous–organic solvent mixtures, using a potentiodynamic technique. The choice of organic solvent strongly influences the film formation. In a mixture of 60% acetonitrile and 40% 1.0M HClO4, stable films were obtained. The poly(2‐aminobiphenyl) films were characterized with cyclic voltammetry, where the electrochemical activity of the formed polymer films was investigated in acidic and neutral aqueous solutions containing perchlorates or in potassium ferrocyanide. The prepared films posses a remarkable stability in acidic aqueous solutions and are also stable in some organic solvents. The stability of the polymer films depends on the pH of the solution, and the mechanism of the polymerization process involves deprotonation and head‐to‐tail coupling of oxidized monomers with its oligomeric radical cations. The kinetics of the electropolymerization process was investigated by determining the charge consumed during the electropolymerization as a function of time at different concentrations of the electrolyte components. The electropolymerization process follows first‐order kinetics with respect to the monomer and negative order with respect to HClO4. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Synthesis, characterization, and application of hetarylazo disperse colorants: Preparation and properties of ink‐jet inks with active agents for polyester printing
Authors: Karanikas E. K. , Nikolaidis N. F. , Tsatsaroni E. G.
Published: February 2012

The synthesis and characterization of two hetarylazo disperse colorants are described. These compounds were used for the preparation of ink‐jet inks with and without active agents for polyester printing. The viscosity, conductivity, surface tension, and pH of these inks were studied over a period of time and discussed with respect to their structure and the active agent content. The particle size and particle size distribution of a representative ink containing a new synthesized hetarylazo compound were measured. All the prepared inks were proved to be suitable for ink‐jet printing in terms of their particle size. Viscosity,surface tension, conductivity, and pH values of all inks, with and without active agent, were monitored over a period of 90 days and were related to the ink stability. The same properties were measured for an ink preparation with a commercial dye for comparison. The inks containing the new synthesized dyes were found to be more advantageous regarding most of the above properties, i.e., surface tension, viscosity, and conductivity. Contrarily pH values of all the preparations were unacceptable for ink‐jet inks. The ink compositions containing the new synthesized compounds were applied by exhaustion (dyed) on polyester fabric. Fastness properties of the dyed polyester samples were excellent to very good in most cases. Color measurements of the dyed fabric were also performed. A qualitative determination of the aroma‐active agent adsorbed on the fiber by the exhaustion method was achieved by the GC‐MS method. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Drosophila DREF acting via the JNK pathway is required for thorax development
Authors: Yoshioka Yasuhide , Tue Nguyen Trong , Fujiwara Shunsuke , Matsuda Risa , Valadez‐Graham Viviana , Zurita Mario , Yamaguchi Masamitsu
Published: February 2012

The Drosophila
Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) gene basket (bsk) promoter contains a DNA replication‐related element (DRE)‐like sequence, raising the possibility of regulation by the DNA replication‐related element‐binding factor (DREF). Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays with anti‐DREF IgG showed the bsk gene promoter region to be effectively amplified. Luciferase transient expression assays revealed the DRE‐like sequence to be important for bsk gene promoter activity, and knockdown of DREF decreased the bsk mRNA level and the bsk gene promoter activity. Furthermore, knockdown of DREF in the notum compartment of wing discs by pannier‐GAL4 and UAS‐DREFIR resulted in a split thorax phenotype. Monitoring of JNK activity in the wing disc by LacZ expression in a puckered (puc)‐LacZ enhancer trap line revealed the reduction in DREF knockdown clones. These findings indicate that DREF is involved in regulation of Drosophila thorax development via actions on the JNK pathway. genesis 50:599–611, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Determination of the constriction size distribution of granular filters by filtration tests
Authors: Sjah J. , Vincens E.
Published: February 2012

This paper presents the calibration of an experiment based on filtration tests, able to provide the cumulative constriction size distribution of granular materials. Here, simulations of these tests are performed using a discrete element method. Filters of same density but different thicknesses are created with a poly‐sized spherical material. Lateral periodic boundaries for the samples are used, and their size is calibrated so that a representative elementary volume is obtained. Fine particles are released on the created samples, and the particle size distribution of the collected material that successfully crossed the filters is computed. These particle size distributions are related to the underlying cumulative constriction size distribution (CSD) of the granular material involved in the samples. The CSD is derived using a probabilistic approach for the path length of individual particles through a granular material. We settle all the requisites related to the technique and to the fine particles that are released to allow reaching a correct CSD for the filter. The reference CSD used for the calibration of the experiment is obtained after a radical partition of the void space into Delaunay tetrahedra and a geometrical characterisation of constrictions on each tetrahedron face. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Properties of a Series of CO2 Switchable Surfactants with Imidazoline Group
Authors: Qiao Weihong , Zheng Zhibo , Shi Qingzhao
Published: February 2012

Switchable surfactants are environment‐friendly compounds, which can be separated from the system or lose surface activity after completing their function during one stage of a process. In order to study switchable properties of a kind of CO2 switchable surfactant with an imidazoline group, four 2‐alkyl‐1‐hydroxyethylimidazolines were synthesized by condensation of N‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)ethanediamine with dodecanoic, tetradecanoic, hexadecanoic, and octadecanoic acids. Then, the series of long‐chain alkyl imidazoline compounds were reacted with dry ice to produce imidazolinium bicarbonates cationic surfactants. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and surface tension at CMC (γcmc) measured by the Wilhelmy plate technique show that these surfactants have excellent surface activity. The changes of conductivity before and after bubbling CO2 show the conversion between imidazolines and imidazolinium bicarbonates cationic surfactants. Conductivity cycles indicated that these surfactants could be switched by CO2 reversibly and repeating this three times. However, their switchable function on the emulsification‐demulsification of water‐alkane was dissatisfactory due to the emulsibility of amide which was hydrolyzed from 2‐alkyl‐1‐hydroxyethylimidazoline. Therefore, the application of these switchable surfactants needed to be studied further.
Consumers' implicit theories about personality influence their brand personality judgments
Authors: Mathur Pragya , Jain Shailendra P. , Maheswaran Durairaj
Published: February 2012

Three studies document that consumers' implicit theories about the fixedness/malleability of personality guide brand personality updating in a brand extension context. The first two studies show that extension fit with the parent brand impacts brand personality updating only for incremental (vs. entity theorists). Specifically, for incremental theorists, brand personality is enhanced (vs. diluted) when extension fit is poor (vs. good), and only when brand personality is salient. The third study identifies conditions under which entity theorists focus on brand personality. Interestingly, overall evaluations of the parent brand and extension vary only with extension fit. Implications of our research are discussed.
The biology of personalized cancer medicine: Facing individual complexities underlying hallmark capabilities
Authors: De Palma Michele , Hanahan Douglas
Published: February 2012

It is a time of great promise and expectation for the applications of knowledge about mechanisms of cancer toward more effective and enduring therapies for human disease. Conceptualizations such as the hallmarks of cancer are providing an organizing principle with which to distill and rationalize the abject complexities of cancer phenotypes and genotypes across the spectrum of the human disease. A countervailing reality, however, involves the variable and often transitory responses to most mechanism‐based targeted therapies, returning full circle to the complexity, arguing that the unique biology and genetics of a patient's tumor will in the future necessarily need to be incorporated into the decisions about optimal treatment strategies, the frontier of personalized cancer medicine. This perspective highlights considerations, metrics, and methods that may prove instrumental in charting the landscape of evaluating individual tumors so to better inform diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. Integral to the consideration is remarkable heterogeneity and variability, evidently embedded in cancer cells, but likely also in the cell types composing the supportive and interactive stroma of the tumor microenvironment (e.g., leukocytes and fibroblasts), whose diversity in form, regulation, function, and abundance may prove to rival that of the cancer cells themselves. By comprehensively interrogating both parenchyma and stroma of patients' cancers with a suite of parametric tools, the promise of mechanism‐based therapy may truly be realized.
Investment in Cellulosic Biofuel Refineries: Do Waivable Biofuel Mandates Matter?
Authors: Miao Ruiqing , Hennessy David A. , Babcock Bruce A.
Published: February 2012

We develop a conceptual model to study the impact of mandate policies on stimulating investment in cellulosic biofuel refineries. In a two‐period framework, we compare the first‐period investment level (FIL) under three scenarios: laissez‐faire, non‐waivable mandate (NWM) policy, and waivable mandate (WM) policy. Results show that when plant‐level marginal costs are increasing then both NWM policy and WM policy may stimulate FIL. The WM policy has a smaller impact than does the NWM policy. When the plant‐level marginal costs are constants, however, WM policy does not increase FIL but does increase the expected profit of more efficient investors.
Collective Reputation, Social Norms, and Participation
Authors: Saak Alexander E.
Published: February 2012

This paper analyzes a repeated games model of collective reputation with imperfect public monitoring and perfect local peer monitoring of efforts. Even when peer monitoring is local, firms may achieve higher profits under collective reputation by decreasing the cost of maintaining customers' trust. The optimal number of firms that share a common reputation is greater when (1) trades are more frequent and public information is disseminated more rapidly, (2) the deviation gain is smaller compared to the quality premium, (3) customers' information regarding firms' quality is more precise, or (4) intragroup information about firms' quality is more global. From a positive perspective, we suggest how social norms can influence the reputation of regional products. We also offer an efficiency explanation for food scares. From a normative point of view, in our model, protection of geographical indications increases and mandatory traceability decreases welfare and incentives to provide quality without taking into account direct implementation costs.
xQTL workbench: a scalable web environment for multi-level QTL analysis
Authors: Arends Danny , van der Velde K. Joeri , Prins Pjotr , Broman Karl W. , Möller Steffen , Jansen Ritsert C. , Swertz Morris A.
Published: February 2012

Summary:  xQTL workbench is a scalable web platform for the mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) at multiple levels: for example gene expression (eQTL), protein abundance (pQTL), metabolite abundance (mQTL) and phenotype (phQTL) data. Popular QTL mapping methods for model organism and human populations are accessible via the web user interface. Large calculations scale easily on to multi-core computers, clusters and Cloud. All data involved can be uploaded and queried online: markers, genotypes, microarrays, NGS, LC-MS, GC-MS, NMR, etc. When new data types come available, xQTL workbench is quickly customized using the Molgenis software generator.

Availability:  xQTL workbench runs on all common platforms, including Linux, Mac OS X and Windows. An online demo system, installation guide, tutorials, software and source code are available under the LGPL3 license from http://www.xqtl.org.

Contact:  m.a.swertz@rug.nl
Vitamin D deficiency is a predictor of reduced survival in patients with heart failure; vitamin D supplementation improves outcome
Authors: Gotsman Israel , Shauer Ayelet , Zwas Donna R. , Hellman Yaron , Keren Andre , Lotan Chaim , Admon Dan
Published: February 2012

Aims

Vitamin D deficiency is a highly prevalent, global phenomenon. The prevalence in heart failure (HF) patients and its effect on outcome are less clear. We evaluated vitamin D levels and vitamin D supplementation in patients with HF and its effect on mortality.

Methods and results

25‐Hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were evaluated in HF patients from a health maintenance organization (HMO), and compared them with those of the rest of the members of the HMO. Patients with HF (n = 3009) had a lower median 25(OH)D level compared with the control group (n = 46 825): 36.9 nmol/L (interquartile range 23.2–55.9) vs. 40.7 nmol/L (26.7–56.9), respectively, P < 0.00001. The percentage of patients with vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D <25 nmol/L] was higher in patients with HF compared with the control group (28% vs. 22%, P < 0.00001). Only 8.8% of the HF patients had optimal 25(OH)D levels (≥75 nmol/L). Median clinical follow‐up was 518 days. Cox regression analysis demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency was an independent predictor of increased mortality in patients with HF [hazard ratio (HR) 1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21–1.92, P < 0.001] and in the control group (HR 1.91, 95% CI 1.48–2.46, P < 0.00001). Vitamin D supplementation was independently associated with reduced mortality in HF patients (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.54–0.85, P < 0.0001). Parameters associated with vitamin D deficiency in HF patients were decreased previous solar radiation exposure, body mass index, diabetes, female gender, pulse, and decreased calcium and haemoglobin levels.

Conclusions

Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in HF patients and is a significant predictor of reduced survival. Vitamin D supplementation was associated with improved outcome.
Continuous‐flow left ventricular assist device support in patients with advanced heart failure: points of interest for the daily management
Authors: Felix S.E.A. , Martina J.R. , Kirkels J.H. , Klöpping C. , Nathoe H. , Sukkel E. , Hulstein N. , Ramjankhan F.Z. , Doevendans P.A.F.M. , Lahpor J.R. , de Jonge Nicholaas
Published: February 2012

Today, continuous‐flow left ventricular assist devices (cf‐LVADs) are implanted more often in patients with end‐stage heart failure. Because of greater durability they can be implanted for an extended period of time. As a result of increased numbers of patients on cf‐LVAD support, healthcare professionals should be aware of the potential complications inherent to this therapy. Both bleeding and thrombosis may occur, and also complications related either to the device itself or to the ensuing altered haemodynamics, valvular pathology, and rhythm disturbances such as ventricular tachycardias and fibrillation. Accurate clinical evaluation, together with an electrocardiogram and, if necessary, combined with an echocardiogram, is obligatory in these situations. This review summarizes common complications complemented by a few clinical cases.
Sphingomonas indica sp. nov., isolated from hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)-contaminated soil
Authors: Niharika Neha , Jindal Swati , Kaur Jasvinder , Lal Rup
Published: February 2012

A bacterial strain, designated Dd16T, was isolated from a hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) dumpsite at Lucknow, India. Cells of strain Dd16T were Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped and yellow-pigmented. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain belonged to the genus

Sphingomonas

in the family

Sphingomonadaceae

, as it showed highest sequence similarity to

Sphingomonas asaccharolytica

IFO 15499T (95.36 %),

Sphingosinicella vermicomposti

YC7378T (95.30), ‘Sphingomonas humi’ PB323 (95.20 %),

Sphingomonas sanxanigenens

NX02T (95.14 %) and

Sphingomonas desiccabilis

CP1DT (95.00 %). The major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c) C14 : 0 2-OH, summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c) and C16 : 0. The polar lipid profile of strain Dd16T also corresponded to those reported for species of the genus

Sphingomonas

(phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, and a sphingoglycolipid), again supporting its identification as a member of the genus

Sphingomonas

. The predominant respiratory quinone was ubiquinone Q10, and sym-homospermidine was the major polyamine observed. The total DNA G+C content of strain Dd16T was 65.8 mol%. The results obtained on the basis of phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic analysis and after biochemical and physiological tests, clearly distinguished strain Dd16T from closely related members of the genus

Sphingomonas

. Thus, strain Dd16T represents a novel species of the genus

Sphingomonas

for which the name Sphingomonas indica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Dd16T ( = DSM 25434T = CCM 7882T).
Nonomuraea monospora sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from cave soil in Thailand, and emended description of the genus

Nonomuraea
Authors: Nakaew Nareeluk , Sungthong Rungroch , Yokota Akira , Lumyong Saisamorn
Published: February 2012

A novel actinomycete, designated strain PT708T, was isolated from cave soil collected in Pha Tup Cave Forest Park, Nan province, Thailand. It produced compounds with antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Its chemotaxonomic properties were consistent with those of members of the genus

Nonomuraea

. The major menaquinone was MK-9(H4), with minor amounts of MK-9(H6), MK-9(H2), MK-10(H2) and MK-8(H4). The polar lipid profile contained phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, hydroxy-phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, hydroxy-phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside and phosphatidylinositol. The major fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, 10-methyl C17 : 0, C16 : 0 and C17 : 1ω6c. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain PT708T belonged to the genus

Nonomuraea

and was most closely related to

Nonomuraea rhizophila

YIM 67092T (98.50 % sequence similarity) and

Nonomuraea rosea

GW 12687T (98.30 %). The genomic DNA G+C content of strain PT708T was 73.3 mol%. Unlike the recognized members of the genus

Nonomuraea

, the novel strain formed single spores at the tips of aerial hyphae. Based on the phenotypic, phylogenetic and genotypic evidence, strain PT708T represents a novel species of the genus

Nonomuraea

, for which the name Nonomuraea monospora sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PT708T ( = TISTR 1910T = JCM 16114T).
Chitinophaga oryziterrae sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere soil of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Chung Eu Jin , Park Tae Soon , Jeon Che Ok , Chung Young Ryun
Published: February 2012

A novel bacterial strain, YC7001T, was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of rice collected at Jinju, Korea, and was characterized using a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain YC7001Twere Gram-negative-staining, yellow-pigmented, rod-shaped, aerobic, heterotrophic and non-motile. Strain YC7001Tgrew optimally at 25–30 °C, pH 5.0–8.0 and degraded gelatin, cellulose and chitin. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain YC7001Tbelonged to the genusChitinophagain the familyChitinophagaceae. The most closely related species wereChitinophaga sanctiNBRC 15057T(96.9 %),Chitinophaga ginsengisoliGsoil 052T(95.9 %),Chitinophaga pinensisDSM 2588T(95.7 %),Chitinophaga filiformisIFO 15056T(95.7 %) andChitinophaga niabensisJS13-10T(95.0 %). The DNA–DNA relatedness value of strain YC7001TwithC. sanctiNBRC 15057Twas 15.2±0.6 %. Strain YC7001Tcontained MK-7 as the major menaquinone and homospermidine as the major polyamine. The major fatty acids of strain YC7001Twere C15 : 0iso, C16 : 1ω5cand C17 : 0iso 3-OH. The polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, unknown aminolipids and unknown lipids. The total genomic DNA G+C content was 41.3 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses, strain YC7001Trepresents a novel species of the genusChitinophaga, in the familyChitinophagaceae, for which the nameChitinophaga oryziterraesp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YC7001T( = KACC 14533T = JCM 16595T).
Sphingobacterium detergens sp. nov., a surfactant-producing bacterium isolated from soil
Authors: Marqués Ana M. , Burgos-Díaz César , Aranda Francisco José , Teruel José Antonio , Manresa Àngels , Ortiz Antonio , Farfán Maribel
Published: February 2012

A novel Gram-negative-staining strain, designated 6.2ST, was isolated from a soil sample and identified as a biosurfactant producer. Its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach. The cells were non-motile, non-spore-forming rods. The organism grew optimally at 30-37 °C, with 0–3 % (w/v) NaCl, and at pH 7.0. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain 6.2ST was found to be a member of the genus

Sphingobacterium

and was most closely related to four type species of the genus, showing sequence similarities of 96.8–98.9 %. Partial chaperonin 60 (cpn60) gene sequence analysis was useful in resolving the phylogenetic relationships between strain 6.2ST and closely related taxa, with similarities ranging from 85.5 % (with

Sphingobacterium thalpophilum

DSM 11723T) to 90.3 % (with

Sphingobacterium canadense

CR11T and

Sphingobacterium multivorum

JCM 21156T). The results of DNA–DNA hybridization experiments between the novel strain and its closest relatives gave a DNA–DNA relatedness value of less than 70 %, and consequently confirmed that this new strain did not belong to a previously described species of the genus

Sphingobacterium

. The major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (iso-C15 : 0 2 OH and/or C16 : 1ω7c); iso-C15 : 0; iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and C16 : 0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 40.0 mol%. According to its phenotypic and genotypic characteristics and the phylogenetic data, strain 6.2ST represents a novel species of the genus

Sphingobacterium

, for which the name Sphingobacterium detergens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 6.2ST ( = CECT 7938T = LMG 26465T).
Halomonas beimenensis sp. nov., isolated from an abandoned saltern
Authors: Wang Chung-Yi , Wu Sz-Jie , Ng Chang-Chai , Tzeng Wen-Sheng , Shyu Yuan-Tay
Published: February 2012

A Gram-staining negative, motile, non-spore-forming, short rod-shaped (0.8–1.5×1.5–2.0 µm), halophilic bacterium, designated strain NTU-107T, was isolated from brine samples collected from the abandoned Beimen saltern in southern Taiwan. The novel strain grew with 0–15 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum between 5 % and 10 %), at 15–55 °C (optimum 40 °C) and at pH 5.5–9.5 (optimum pH 7.5). The major cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0 and C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c, the genomic DNA G+C content was 66.5 mol%, and the predominant ubiquinone was Q-9. The major polar lipids included phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. In a phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain NTU-107T clustered with members of the genus

Halomonas

. In hybridization experiments, however, the levels of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain NTU-107T and the type strains of its closest phylogenetic neighbours (

Halomonas koreensis

,

H. organivorans

and

H. ventosae

) were all found to be less than 40 %. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genetic data, strain NTU-107T represents a novel species within the genus

Halomonas

, for which the name Halomonas beimenensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NTU-107T ( = BCRC 17999T = KCTC 22876T = JCM 16084T).
Naumannella halotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov., a Gram-positive coccus of the family

Propionibacteriaceae

isolated from a pharmaceutical clean room and from food
Authors: Rieser Gernot , Scherer Siegfried , Wenning Mareike
Published: February 2012

Four Gram-stain-positive, aerobic bacterial strains isolated from a pharmaceutical clean room (strain WS4616T), a dessert milk product (strain WS4617) and from raw milk (strains WS4623 and WS4624) were characterized using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA and recA gene sequences showed that they formed a distinct lineage within the family

Propionibacteriaceae

. Similarity values between 16S rRNA gene sequences of the four novel strains and the type species of all genera belonging to the family

Propionibacteriaceae

were 89.2–94.1 %. The major cellular fatty acid was anteiso-C15 : 0 and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. Respiratory quinones were MK-8(H4) and MK-9(H4). The cell-wall peptidoglycan of type A3γ contained ll-diaminopimelic acid, alanine, glycine and glutamic acid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain WS4616T was 67.7 mol%. The whole-cell sugar pattern contained ribose, mannose, arabinose, glucose and galactose. On the basis of phenotypic and genetic data, strains WS4616T, WS4617, WS4623 and WS4624 are classified as members of a novel species in a new genus of the family

Propionibacteriaceae

, for which the name Naumannella halotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is WS4616T ( = DSM 24323T = LMG 26184T) and three additional strains are WS4617, WS4623 and WS4624.
Advenella faeciporci sp. nov., a nitrite-denitrifying bacterium isolated from nitrifying–denitrifying activated sludge collected from a laboratory-scale bioreactor treating piggery wastewater
Authors: Matsuoka Masaki , Park Sanghwa , An Sun-Young , Miyahara Morio , Kim Sang-Wan , Kamino Kei , Fushinobu Shinya , Yokota Akira , Wakagi Takayoshi , Shoun Hirofumi
Published: February 2012

Strain M-07T was isolated from nitrifying–denitrifying activated sludge treating piggery wastewater. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that strain M-07T belonged to the genus

Advenella

. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between M-07T and

Advenella incenata

CCUG 45225T,

Advenella mimigardefordensis

DPN7T and

Advenella kashmirensis

WT001T was 96.5, 97.3 and 96.9 %, respectively. The DNA G+C content of strain M-07T was 49.5 mol%, which was approximately 5 mol% lower than the range for the genus

Advenella

(53.5–58.0 mol%). The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain M-07T were C16 : 0, summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), C17 : 0 cyclo and summed feature 2 (comprising one or more of C14 : 0 3-OH, iso-C16 : 1 I, an unidentified fatty acid with an equivalent chain-length of 10.928 and C12 : 0 alde). The isoprenoid quinone was Q-8. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis and DNA–DNA relatedness, strain M-07T should be classified as a novel species of the genus

Advenella

, for which the name Advenella faeciporci sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is M-07T ( = JCM 17746T  = KCTC 23732T).
Thermovum composti gen. nov., sp. nov., an alphaproteobacterium from compost
Authors: Yabe Shuhei , Aiba Yoshifumi , Sakai Yasuteru , Hazaka Masaru , Yokota Akira
Published: February 2012

A Gram-stain-positive thermophilic bacterium, designated strain Nis3T, was isolated from compost. The strain grew at 23–57 °C (optimum, 50 °C); no growth was observed below 15 or above 60 °C. The pH range for growth was 5.9–8.8 (optimum, 7.0); no growth was observed below pH 5.4 or above pH 9.3. The DNA G+C content of strain Nis3T was 63.4 mol%. The dominant quinone type was ubiquinone Q-10. The major fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c, C19 : 0ω8c cyclo and C18 : 0. The polar lipids comprised phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, an unknown glycolipid and a ninhydrin-positive phospholipid. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis assigned this bacterium to the family

Phyllobacteriaceae

in the

Alphaproteobacteria

but it shared less than 95.2 % sequence similarity with other members of the family. The chemotaxonomic and phenotypic characteristics of strain Nis3T differed in some respects from those of members of the family

Phyllobacteriaceae

. Therefore, strain Nis3T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus in the family

Phyllobacteriaceae

, for which the name Thermovum composti gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Nis3T ( = JCM 17863T = KCTC 23707T).
Legionella tunisiensis sp. nov. and Legionella massiliensis sp. nov., isolated from environmental water samples
Authors: Campocasso Angélique , Boughalmi Mondher , Fournous Ghislain , Raoult Didier , La Scola Bernard
Published: February 2012

Two isolates of intra-amoeba-growing bacteria, LegAT ( = DSM 24804T = CSUR P146T) and LegMT ( = DSM 24805T = CSUR P145T), were characterized on the basis of microscopic appearance, staining characteristics, axenic growth at different temperatures and the sequences of the mip, rpoB, 16S rRNA and rnpb genes, as well as the 23S–5S region. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these two isolates lay within the radius of the family

Legionellaceae

. Furthermore, the analysis of these genes yielded congruent data that indicated that, although strain LegMT clusters specifically with

Legionella feeleii

ATCC 35072T and LegAT clusters with

Legionella nautarum

ATCC 49596T, the divergence observed between these species was greater than that observed between other members of the family. Taken together, these results support the proposal that these two isolates represent novel members of the genus

Legionella

, and we propose to name them Legionella tunisiensis sp. nov. for LegMT ( = DSM 24805T = CSUR P145T) and Legionella massiliensis sp. nov. for LegAT ( = DSM 24804T = CSUR P146T).
Differentiation and classification of phytoplasmas in the pigeon pea witches’-broom group (16SrIX): an update based on multiple gene sequence analysis
Authors: Lee I.-M. , Bottner-Parker K. D. , Zhao Y. , Bertaccini A. , Davis R. E.
Published: February 2012

The pigeon pea witches’-broom phytoplasma group (16SrIX) comprises diverse strains that cause numerous diseases in leguminous trees and herbaceous crops, vegetables, a fruit, a nut tree and a forest tree. At least 14 strains have been reported worldwide. Comparative phylogenetic analyses of the highly conserved 16S rRNA gene and the moderately conserved rplV (rpl22)–rpsC (rps3) and secY genes indicated that the 16SrIX group consists of at least six distinct genetic lineages. Some of these lineages cannot be readily differentiated based on analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences alone. The relative genetic distances among these closely related lineages were better assessed by including more variable genes [e.g. ribosomal protein (rp) and secY genes]. The present study demonstrated that virtual RFLP analyses using rp and secY gene sequences allowed unambiguous identification of such lineages. A coding system is proposed to designate each distinct rp and secY subgroup in the 16SrIX group.
Kordiimonas aestuarii sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from a tidal flat
Authors: Math Renukaradhya K. , Jeong Sang Hyeon , Jin Hyun Mi , Park Moon Su , Kim Jeong Myeong , Jeon Che Ok
Published: February 2012

A Gram-staining negative, strictly aerobic bacterium, designated 101-1T, was isolated from a sea tidal flat, Taean, Korea. The strain formed small light-yellow, smooth, and circular colonies on marine agar. Cells were weakly halophilic, motile rods showing catalase- and oxidase-positive reactions. Growth of strain 101-1T was observed at 15–40 °C (optimum, 30 °C), pH 5.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 6.5–7.0) and 1.0–9.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2.0–3.5 %). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 53.3 mol%. Strain 101-1T contained ubiquinone-10 (Q-10) as the respiratory quinone and iso-C17 : 1ω9c, iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 as major fatty acids. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain 101-1T formed a tight phylogenetic lineage with members of the genus

Kordiimonas

and was most closely related to

Kordiimonas gwangyangensis

GW14-5T and

Kordiimonas lacus

S3-22T with 97.3 % and 96.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, respectively. The DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain 101-1T and

K. gwangyangensis

GW14-5T and

K. lacus

S3-22T were 24.8±4.4 % and 32.2±3.6 %, respectively. Based on the data from the phenotypic and genotypic studies, strain 101-1T represents a novel species of the genus

Kordiimonas

, for which the name Kordiimonas aestuarii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 101-1T ( = KACC 16184T = JCM 17742T).
Haloferula chungangensis sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment
Authors: Kang Hyeonji , Traiwan Jitsopin , Weerawongwiwat Veeraya , Jung Min Young , Jeong Ji Hoon , Myung Soon Chul , Lee Keun Chul , Lee Jung-Sook , Kim Wonyong
Published: February 2012

A Gram-stain-negative, non-spore-forming, non-motile, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated CAU 1074T, was isolated from marine sediment and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach. Strain CAU 1074T grew optimally at 30 °C and pH 6.5. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain CAU 1074T formed a distinct lineage within the genus

Haloferula

and was most closely related to

Haloferula harenae

KCTC 22198T (96.0 % similarity). Strain CAU 1074T contained MK-9 as the major isoprenoid quinone, and iso-C14 : 0, C16 : 1ω9c and C16 : 0 as the major fatty acids. The cell wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The major whole-cell sugars were glucose, xylose, mannose and ribose. The polar lipids were composed of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, aminoglycolipid and two unidentified phospholipids. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 64.0 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data, and phylogenetic inference, strain CAU 1074T should be classified as a member of a novel species in the genus

Haloferula

, for which the name Haloferula chungangensis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is CAU 1074T ( = KCTC 23578T = CCUG 61920T). An emended description of the genus

Haloferula

is also provided.