bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Lokasi Dan Brand Image Terhadap Minat Beli Dan Dampaknya Pada Keputusan Pembelian Pada Café Kopi Dolok Tebing Tinggi
Authors: Suwadi Suwadi , Dewi Mustika
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the effect of location and brand image on buying interest and its impact on purchasing decisions Case study at Café Kopi Dolok Tebing Tinggi. The research method used is quantitative method using the help of SPSS version 25.00. which was collected from the results of distributing questionnaires to Café Kopi Dolok consumers as many as 96 respondents. The analysis method used in this study is to use instrument tests, namely validity and reliability tests. Classical assumption test, namely normality test, multicolonearity test, heteroscedacity test, multiple linear regression analysis, analysis of the coefficient of determination (R2), hypothesis testing, namely the T test and path analysis. The results of SPSS in this study are that the location variable has an effect on purchase interest, the Brand Image variable has no effect on Purchase interest, the location variable has no effect on purchasing decisions, the Brand Image variable has no effect on purchasing decisions, the purchase interest variable has an effect on purchasing decisions, the Purchase Interest variable can mediate the relationship between Location affects purchasing decisions, the Purchase Interest variable can mediate the relationship between Brand Image affects purchasing decisions.
El proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de los fundamentos técnicos del baloncesto Revisión Sistemática
Authors: Bedoya Toapanta Richard Alexander , Escobar Velasco Sonia Yadira , Gavilanez Zuñiga María Estefanía , Guachamín Oña Edwin David
Published: January 2025

Los fundamentos técnicos del baloncesto son la base del deporte, ya que hacen referencia a los elementos básicos que se debe conocer para poder practicarlo. En este sentido, el presente estudio aborda el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje a seguir para la correcta adquisición de los fundamentos técnicos en el baloncesto. Objetivo: sistematizar el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de los fundamentos técnicos del baloncesto en su iniciación deportiva. Metodología: la metodología empleada, fue congruente con la revisión sistemática basada en el protocolo PRISMA. Partiendo de una exhausta búsqueda en fuentes actualizadas, relacionadas con el tema, apoyándonos en bases de datos como: Latindex, Redalyc, Dialnet, Scielo, PubMed, Complete, Web of Science y buscadores académicos como Google Scholar, los documentos recopilados se sometieron a criterios de inclusión y exclusión para poder elegir solo información pertinente y de utilidad para la elaboración del artículo. Resultados: el principal resultado obtenido fue la producción de un documento, que contribuya de manera sustancial en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de los fundamentos técnicos del baloncesto tanto para entrenadores como deportistas, de manera que permita tener una óptica formativa bien fundamentada y planificada para el alcance de los objetivos planteados en cada contexto particular. Conclusiones: la mayoría de los entrenadores desconocen que el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de los fundamentos técnicos del baloncesto requiere de estrategias didácticas que contribuyan a la adquisición de hábitos motrices específicos de una forma eficaz, siendo de vital importancia sobre todo en la iniciación del deporte.
Anesthesiology in Multimodal Pain Management for Orthopedic Patients
Authors: Goya Machado Victor , Cristina de Figueiredo Azevedo Aryane , Priscila Silva Dutra Alves Bia , Francisco Meira Valadares João , Teodoro Hollen Dias Matheus , De Queiroz Souza Luana , Tiveron Eduardo , Magosso da Silva Isabela , Bosso Henrique , Saraiva Gonçalves Cruz Lucas , Hermes Sampaio Shalline , Fonseca Freires Mateus , Henrique Denófrio Garrote Celso
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION Multimodal pain management has emerged as a critical approach in orthopedic surgery, offering comprehensive pain control by integrating pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. This strategy addresses the limitations of single-agent approaches and targets multiple pain pathways to optimize perioperative care. Regional anesthesia techniques, including nerve blocks and continuous catheters, have become central to multimodal protocols, enhancing pain relief while minimizing systemic side effects and opioid consumption.
OBJETIVE To evaluate the role and effectiveness of multimodal pain management strategies in orthopedic surgery, focusing on their impact on pain control, patient outcomes, and opioid-sparing benefits.
METHODS This is a narrative review which included studies in the MEDLINE – PubMed (National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health), COCHRANE, EMBASE and Google Scholar databases, using as descriptors: “Multimodal analgesia” OR “Orthopedic pain management” OR “Regional nerve blocks” OR “Non-opioid analgesics” OR “Anesthesiology advancements” in the last 5 years.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The results demonstrate that multimodal strategies significantly reduce postoperative pain intensity, opioid dependency, and hospital length of stay, while improving patient satisfaction and early mobilization. Non-opioid medications such as acetaminophen and NSAIDs, when combined with regional anesthesia, show synergistic effects in managing pain effectively. However, challenges such as disparities in access, variability in implementation, and resource limitations remain barriers to widespread adoption. The analysis also highlights the cost-effectiveness of these approaches, which contribute to better patient outcomes and reduced healthcare expenditures.
CONCLUSION In conclusion, multimodal pain management is a cornerstone of modern orthopedic anesthesiology, providing a safe, effective, and patient-centered approach to perioperative care. By reducing opioid reliance and improving recovery outcomes, these strategies address critical public health challenges and set a new standard for pain management in orthopedic surgery. Continued research and innovation are essential to further refine these protocols and expand their applicability to diverse patient populations.
Breaking the Fever Global Strategies for Sustainable Dengue Recovery and Prevention
Authors: Ullah Md Anayet
Published: January 2025

Dengue fever, a mosquito-borne viral illness caused by the Dengue virus (DENV), has escalated into a formidable public health crisis across tropical and subtropical regions globally. The World Health Organization reports that dengue impacts approximately 390 million individuals each year, with 96 million experiencing clinical manifestations.1 This alarming prevalence is exacerbated by the disease’s expanding geographical footprint, driven by factors such as urbanization, climate change, and globalization. In densely populated nations like Bangladesh, the surge in dengue cases underscores the vulnerability of regions with inadequate infrastructure and limited healthcare resources. The primary vectors, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, thrive in urban environments, facilitating the rapid transmission of DENV. The economic and social ramifications are profound, encompassing substantial healthcare costs, loss of productivity, and heightened public anxiety during outbreaks. Moreover, the complexity of dengue’s four distinct serotypes (DENV-1 to DENV-4) poses significant challenges for vaccine development and long-term immunity strategies. As traditional vector control methods face diminishing efficacy due to insecticide resistance and environmental changes, there is an urgent imperative to adopt innovative, sustainable approaches.
Frequency of Delayed Gastric Emptying Time and Its Associated Risk Factors in Adult Dyspeptic Patients Attending at Gastroenterology Department BSMMU
Authors: Mahmud Md Touhid Al
Published: January 2025

Background: Dyspepsia, a common symptom with a broad differential diagnosis, involves various pathophysiologic mechanisms, including delayed gastric emptying, which causes symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and bloating. Gastric emptying time is essential for dyspepsia evaluation. Objective: The study aimed to measure gastric emptying time in adult dyspeptic patients using Gastric Emptying Scintigraphy (GES) and identify associated risk factors. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Gastroenterology at BSMMU, Dhaka, from January to December 2022. A total of 35 dyspeptic patients meeting the selection criteria were evaluated through detailed history taking, physical examination, laboratory tests, and upper GI endoscopy. GES was performed to assess gastric emptying. Results: The majority of patients were aged 41-50 years (51.4%), with a mean age of 43.7 ± 8.5 years. Females were predominant, and 51.3% had a high BMI. Delayed gastric emptying was observed in 8 (22.8%) patients. GES revealed that 27 patients (77.2%) had normal gastric emptying (<10% retained meal), while 8 patients (22.8%) exhibited delayed emptying (>10% retained meal). Delayed emptying had 27.5% emptied at 60 minutes, 32.0% at 120 minutes, and 70.0% at 240 minutes. Statistically significant risk factors for delayed emptying included age (>50 years, p=0.017), diabetes mellitus (p=0.007), smoking (p=0.001), and hypothyroidism (p=0.007), but no significant difference was observed for gender and hypertension. Conclusion: Delayed gastric emptying is common in dyspeptic patients, with significant predisposing factors including age, obesity, smoking, diabetes, and hypothyroidism. Early identification and management of these risk factors are crucial for effective treatment.
EVALUATION OF INSECTICIDAL POTENTIAL OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED BY USING RIVER RED GUM (EUCALYPTUS CAMALDULENSIS) LEAF EXTRACT
Authors: Anwar Khan  , Shehzad Sikandar  , Samiyah Tasleem  , Shehroz Abdullah  , Arif Ullah Khan  , Noor Ul Ain Arshad  , Zubeda Bhatti
Published: January 2025

Background: Aphids, particularly Myzus persicae, are significant agricultural pests, known for their rapid reproduction and ability to cause severe damage to crops, both directly by feeding and indirectly as virus vectors. The extensive use of chemical pesticides to control aphids poses risks to human health and the environment. Nanotechnology, particularly silver nanoparticles, has emerged as a promising eco-friendly alternative due to its potent insecticidal properties.
Objective: This study aimed to synthesize silver nanoparticles using Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf extract and evaluate their insecticidal activity against aphids under controlled conditions.
Methods: Silver nanoparticles were synthesized through the green synthesis approach. Fresh E. camaldulensis leaves were boiled in deionized water to prepare the leaf extract, which served as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent. Silver nitrate was added to the extract in a 9:1 ratio, and the formation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by a color change from pale yellow to dark brown. The nanoparticles were characterized using a BT-90 nano laser particle size analyzer, revealing an average size of 31.5 nm. For the bioassay, the leaf-dipping method was employed, with three concentrations of silver nanoparticles (original solution, 3:1, and 1:1 dilutions) tested on aphids. A control group was treated with deionized water, and mortality was observed over 24 hours. Statistical analyses were conducted using one-way ANOVA and Probit Analysis.
Results: Complete mortality (100%) was observed in all treated groups within 24 hours. The LT50 values for the original solution, 3:1 dilution, and 1:1 dilution were recorded as 11.0 ± 1.67, 12.4 ± 1.85, and 18.6 ± 2.01 hours, respectively. The control group exhibited a minimal mortality rate of 6.7%.
Conclusion: Silver nanoparticles synthesized using E. camaldulensis leaf extract demonstrated significant insecticidal activity against Myzus persicae, highlighting their potential as an eco-friendly alternative to chemical pesticides.
El rol de los medios de comunicación en la construcción de estereotipos de género.
Authors: Aldas Zambrano Cesar
Published: January 2025

Este estudio explora la influencia de los medios de comunicación en la perpetuación y transformación de estereotipos de género en América Latina. Utilizando un enfoque mixto, se combinó una encuesta cuantitativa a 384 personas con un análisis cualitativo de contenidos en medios como televisión, prensa, redes sociales y publicidad. El objetivo fue identificar cómo los medios refuerzan o desafían los roles tradicionales de género. Los resultados muestran que, aunque persisten representaciones conservadoras, especialmente en medios tradicionales, las plataformas digitales están promoviendo un cambio hacia narrativas más inclusivas. Las hipótesis confirmaron que el consumo de medios tradicionales está asociado a la perpetuación de estereotipos, mientras que los medios digitales fomentan una mayor equidad. Además, se destaca la persistencia de estereotipos relacionados con la apariencia física de las mujeres y la fortaleza masculina, aunque las audiencias comienzan a desarrollar una visión crítica hacia estos roles tradicionales.
Percepción y experiencia corporal: un estudio desde la fenomenología de Merleau-Ponty.
Authors: Díaz Ruíz María
Published: January 2025

Este estudio se centró en la relación entre cuerpo, mente, emociones y entorno, explorando cómo estos factores influyen en la percepción y cognición humana. El objetivo fue analizar cómo la fenomenología de Merleau-Ponty sigue siendo relevante para comprender estos procesos. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa basada en entrevistas semiestructuradas a 20 participantes de diferentes edades y profesiones, para obtener descripciones detalladas de sus experiencias corporales y perceptivas. Los resultados mostraron que las profesiones físicas están asociadas con una mayor consciencia corporal, mientras que las profesiones sedentarias tienden a percibir el cuerpo solo en momentos de malestar. Además, el entorno físico y las emociones, especialmente el estrés, influyen significativamente en la percepción del cuerpo. Los participantes mayores fueron más conscientes de las limitaciones físicas, en contraste con los más jóvenes. Se respalda la noción de que la percepción es un proceso dinámico y encarnado, en línea con las teorías de Merleau-Ponty.
El valor invisible: psicología detrás del precio del servicio.
Authors: Hernández García Lisbany
Published: January 2025

El artículo analiza cómo la psicología del consumidor influye en la percepción y fijación de precios de servicios, destacando el impacto de factores psicológicos en las decisiones de compra. Se llevó a cabo un experimento controlado de tres meses en una empresa de asesoría académica, aplicando distintas estrategias de precios para evaluar la respuesta del consumidor. El estudio utilizó métodos mixtos, para analizar cómo las variaciones en las estrategias de precios afectaban la percepción del valor y las decisiones de compra. Los resultados mostraron que los precios terminados en .99, como estrategia de anclaje, aumentaron la probabilidad de compra al crear una percepción de descuento. También se observó una aversión a la pérdida cuando los precios fueron temporalmente rebajados, lo que impulsó compras rápidas. Los precios percibidos como justos aumentaron la satisfacción y lealtad del cliente, destacando la importancia de precios psicológicos y la comunicación del valor del servicio.
The Influence of Motivation and Work Discipline on Employee Performance at Yamaha Arista Jatiwangi
Authors: Ade Sobariah Hasanah  , Eli Dahlia  , Salman Faisal
Published: January 2025

In a company there are many factors that affect employee performance, including seen from the motivation and discipline possessed by employees. This study aims to determine the effect of motivation and discipline on employee performance. This study uses descriptive and verification methods. Data collection techniques by distributing questionnaires. The population in this study were 35 employees, and used a saturated sampling technique of 35 people. This study uses a Likert measurement scale. Data analysis using normality tests, multiple regression analysis, multiple correlations, coefficients of determination and hypothesis testing using partial tests with t tests and simultaneous tests with F tests. The results of the study partially state that motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Work discipline has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. The results of the study simultaneously state that motivation and work discipline have a positive and significant effect together on employee performance.
RELEVANSI TEOLOGI KRISTEN DALAM ERA KONTEMPORER: TINJAUAN TERHADAP TANTANGAN DAN KESEMPATAN DALAM KONTEKS GLOBALISASI
Authors: Muada Renaldo N. , Chandra Dicky , Yohanes Apriyanto
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi relevansi teologi Kristen dalam menghadapi tantangan dan memanfaatkan peluang di era kontemporer, terutama dalam konteks globalisasi. Latar belakang masalah penelitian ini didasarkan pada pengaruh teologi Kristen yang signifikan dalam menjaga integritas doktrin dan panduan hidup bagi umat Kristen di tengah dinamika global yang semakin kompleks. Pertanyaan penelitian utama adalah bagaimana teologi Kristen dapat tetap relevan dan efektif dalam menjawab tantangan serta peluang yang muncul akibat perkembangan kontemporer dan globalisasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif kepustakaan (library research), yang melibatkan kajian mendalam terhadap literatur terkait teologi Kristen dan tantangan kontemporer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teologi Kristen memiliki peran penting dalam memberikan panduan etis dan moral di era modern, sekaligus menghadapi berbagai penyimpangan doktrin yang muncul. Pembahasan penelitian menyoroti pentingnya menjaga otoritas Alkitab sebagai dasar utama dalam teologi Kristen serta perlunya inovasi dalam pendekatan pengajaran dan penyebaran teologi untuk tetap relevan. Kesimpulannya, teologi Kristen memiliki relevansi yang kuat dalam era kontemporer, dengan syarat tetap berpegang teguh pada prinsip-prinsip Alkitabiah sambil beradaptasi dengan perubahan zaman. Teologi Kristen harus terus menjadi landasan spiritual yang kokoh bagi umat percaya, memungkinkan mereka untuk menghadapi tantangan dan memanfaatkan peluang yang ditawarkan oleh globalisasi secara bijaksana.
Convergence between Increased Light Pollution and Urban Sprawl Dynamic in Poland (2012–2022)
Authors: Horynek Hubert
Published: January 2025

Urban sprawl is a nuisance – both economically and ecologically speaking. Among the causes of this nuisance is light pollution; both the scale of the light pollution and the spatial expansion of suburbs in Poland increased significantly during the period 2012–2022. The most significant light pollution occurs in urbanized areas in general; however, the scattered developments of suburbs make the problem of light pollution in these areas disproportionate to the population density as compared to cities. The research that is described below analyzed changes in the amounts of light that were emitted into the sky (radiance) as were calculated on the basis of observational data from the Suomi NPP meteorological satellite as well as housing production dynamics. Data regarding both radiance and housing production was acquired for communes and then aggregated to larger areas depending on the urban, suburban, or rural character of each commune. Then, the agglomeration areas were analyzed – distinguishing between urban centers and non-urban agglomeration areas (suburbs). Two convergence indices were analyzed: Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, and coefficient of determination R2. It turns out that, in suburban areas, both indices returned much higher convergence rates between light pollution and housing construction than in the cases of the cities. The causes of this phenomenon need further research; nevertheless, two possible top-down solutions of this problem may be lighting masterplans and the modernization of lighting fixtures.
Caracterización de indicadores de suelo para monitoreo de restauración post incendios en el Parque Nacional Torres del Paine
Authors:   , Porras Maturan Alejandra
Published: January 2025

Los bosques subantárticos de Lenga se encuentran altamente degradados. Una de las causas son los incendios forestales a los cuales no están adaptados. El Parque Nacional Torres del Paine sufrió un incendio forestal en 2011 que afectó a más de 16.000 hectáreas. En 2013, se inició un plan de restauración que incluyó estrategias de restauración activa y pasiva. El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar indicadores de suelo asociados a procesos de restauración en diferentes sectores incendiados del Parque. Para ello, se midieron indicadores físicos, químicos y de actividad microbiológica, en tres sectores definidos como prioritarios en el Parque. Para cada sector se tomaron muestras en sitios quemados y reforestados (restauración activa), sitios quemados y no reforestados (restauración pasiva) y sitios remanentes no perturbados (no quemados). Para el análisis se utilizaron pruebas T de medias, ANOVA de dos factores, PCA y correlaciones simples. Los resultados indicaron que no existen diferencias significativas para ninguno de los indicadores evaluados cuando se comparan las medias entre los sitios de restauración pasiva y activa. El análisis de varianza mostró diferencias significativas para dos de los cuatro parámetros de actividad microbiológica estudiados: respiración basal (RB) y respiración inducida por múltiples sustratos (MRIS). Ambos indicadores mostraron diferencias para el factor sector, y solo MRIS tuvo diferencias significativas para la interacción sector-tratamiento. Estos resultados sugieren que la restauración es dependiente del sitio, y que para estudios futuros los sitios a restaurar deben ser analizados teniendo en cuenta las tasas de degradación y el clima polar, ya que son las principales limitantes en los ecosistemas de la región.
Generando condiciones para el desarrollo de capacidades en líderes intermedios en un servicio local de educación pública
Authors:   , Cortés Morales Daniela Cecilia
Published: January 2025

El presente informe da a conocer un proyecto de intervención realizado en un servicio local de educación pública (SLEP) con los asesores técnicos pedagógicos (ATP). Este proyecto buscaba generar condiciones para el desarrollo de capacidades en los líderes intermedios del servicio local, diseñando una propuesta de talleres de profundización conceptual y curricular, por medio de la sensibilización, delimitación y priorización de conocimientos y habilidades y la co-construcción de talleres entre los ATP, permitiendo potenciar y favorecer el alineamiento de prácticas de apoyo. La metodología utilizada tiene un enfoque mayormente cualitativo, centrándose en diversas técnicas e instrumentos para la recolección de información en las distintas etapas del trabajo, contemplando entrevistas, análisis de textos, grabaciones, análisis temático para identificar patrones dentro de los datos recogidos para el caso. Los principales resultados obtenidos al finalizar el proyecto, es que este permitió generar condiciones para el desarrollo de las capacidades profesionales de los ATP y los SLEP, lo que generó una conceptualización común entre ambos. Es decir, el conocimiento y las habilidades que más requerían, pudieron ser priorizadas y profundizadas en lo conceptual, como también, en lo curricular, para co-construir talleres y seguir ahondando en estas para el desarrollo de sus capacidades.
¿Cómo se construye convivencia escolar democrática?: prácticas docentes y perspectivas de profesionales de la educación
Authors:   , Leyton Leyton Ignacio Alfredo Ramón
Published: January 2025

La convivencia escolar es un ámbito central de la educación, dado que forma parte del desarrollo integral de los estudiantes y particularmente, pues fomenta aquellos ideales sociopolíticos y culturales propios de una sociedad democrática. De este modo, el espacio de la convivencia es el idóneo para promover dinámicas relacionales que se basen en valores democráticos. A pesar de su importancia, la convivencia escolar ha sido abordada generalmente desde fuera del aula, por lo que en su estudio se ha tendido a considerar escasamente la práctica docente. En este trabajo se plantea como objetivo conocer cómo como se construye convivencia escolar democrática en el aula y, a la vez, comprender qué aspectos se relacionan al desarrollo de estas prácticas. Para lograr este objetivo, se realiza una revisión de 60 videos de la evaluación DocenteMás, desde los cuáles se identifican y describen prácticas docentes que pueden ser consideradas alineadas con una visión democrática de la convivencia escolar. Posteriormente, se seleccionó a 6 casos de docentes cuyas prácticas destacaron desde esta mirada para ser entrevistados, junto con otros actores clave de su establecimiento, como jefes de UTP o encargados de convivencia, con el objetivo comprender desde su perspectiva y entorno que influye y afecta en el desarrollo de estas prácticas. Desde los resultados, es posible afirmar que existen prácticas docentes de aula alineadas con una noción de convivencia escolar democrática, y se expresan principalmente a través de mecanismos como la promoción del respeto (valor con mayor preponderancia en la práctica educativa), la participación y el fomento de la cooperación entre los estudiantes. Los aspectos que mayoritariamente inciden en el desarrollo de estas prácticas tienen que ver con vivencias o valores propios de los docentes; la formación profesional tiene poca incidencia en general. De forma similar, en la mayoría de los casos los establecimientos en general no cuentan con sistemas de apoyo para el desarrollo de las prácticas, quedando como hechos aislados más que expresiones de iniciativas institucionales intencionadas. No obstante, un par de establecimientos sí poseía una organización interna que promovía en cierta medida la aparición de estas prácticas. A pesar de los hallazgos positivos, se da cuenta que existen carencias en la formación y en el sustento organizacional, tanto a nivel local como de sistema educativo, para la expresión de prácticas en convivencia escolar democrática en el aula.
La pantalla de la memoria: Televisión, historia y memoria en el Chile de Pinochet, 1973-1990
Authors:   , Durán Escobar Sergio Andrés
Published: January 2025

Esta tesis indaga en torno a la representación televisiva de la historia y de la memoria en Chile durante la última dictadura militar (1973 a 1990), periodo en que la televisión abierta se consolidó como el medio de comunicación más masivo e influyente del país, completó la cobertura de todo el territorio nacional y se convirtió por tales motivos en la vocera por excelencia del régimen de Pinochet. Se argumenta aquí que la televisión habría operado en dicho periodo como una “tecnología de la memoria”, contribuyendo a definir “lo memorable” para la sociedad junto a otros medios y actores, pero también escenificando el pasado a partir de sus lenguajes y formatos específicos. En ese sentido, la TV participó de un esfuerzo más amplio y sostenido de legitimación histórica por parte de la dictadura, no de forma exclusiva pero sí protagónicamente, desde el primer momento y recurriendo a una amplia gama de programas, géneros y formatos.
Three-dimensional shape optimization by density-based topology optimization
Authors:   , Gutiérrez Salinas Andrés
Published: January 2025

Este artículo presenta una extensión tridimensional de una nueva metodología de optimización de formas basada en el método de optimización topológica Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization (SIMP) de densidad. Al incorporar restricciones adicionales durante la actualización de las variables de diseño, este enfoque restringe las modificaciones en el diseño general y la conectividad, permitiendo solo la evolución del contorno del sólido sin introducir nuevos elementos sólidos o agujeros. Las ventajas clave incluyen: (1) no es necesario parametrizar la geometría inicial; (2) alta flexibilidad en la definición del sólido sin puntos de control; (3) optimización robusta y eficiente basada en gradientes; y (4) una malla constante a lo largo del proceso, eliminando la necesidad de remallado en cada iteración. El método demuestra efectividad en diversos ejemplos y muestra su robustez y versatilidad en la mejora de geometrías 3D, convirtiéndolo en una herramienta práctica para la optimización de formas complejas en aplicaciones de ingeniería.
Interfaces entre clima organizacional e estilos de liderança: da análise do estado da arte a construção de uma agenda de pesquisa
Authors: Silva Geferson Gustavo Wagner Mota da , Andrade Silvia Patricia Cavalheiro de , Camfield Claudio Eduardo Ramos , Maia Andrei Giovani
Published: January 2025

O clima organizacional é amplamente influenciado pela liderança, que direciona ações e motiva os colaboradores. Diversos estilos de liderança podem emergir, com foco em diferentes aspectos, como gestão de tarefas, atenção aos colaboradores ou a combinação de ambos. Cada estilo tem suas próprias razões para ser adotado, dependendo do contexto, não havendo um modelo ideal. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as interfaces entre o clima organizacional e os estilos de liderança em organizações de variados setores. Para isso, 43 estudos do Google Scholar foram analisados por meio de métodos lexicométricos. Os resultados demonstraram que a liderança serve como um mecanismo de alinhamento entre os interesses da organização e as necessidades dos colaboradores, independentemente do setor. A capacidade de criar um clima organizacional positivo está diretamente ligada à habilidade do líder de ajustar seu estilo conforme as demandas internas, focando tanto nas pessoas, quanto nas tarefas. A liderança eficaz, portanto, envolve uma adaptação contínua às dinâmicas organizacionais, promovendo harmonia e produtividade. Essa investigação também apontou possíveis direções para futuras pesquisas, sugerindo novas abordagens para entender melhor a relação entre liderança e clima organizacional, e suas implicações para o sucesso das empresas.
Driving Individual Performance: The Mediating Role of Innovation and Moderating Impact of Work-Life Balance among Indonesia's Professional Village Facilitators
Authors: Jatmiko Udik , Pribadiyono  , Suhermin
Published: January 2025

Aims: This study investigates the role of Innovative Work Behavior (IWB) in mediating the effects of Job Crafting and Work Integrity on Individual Performance among professional village facilitators in Kediri Regency, Indonesia. Additionally, it examines the moderating effect of Work-Life Balance on the relationship between IWB and Individual Performance.
Study Design:  The research adopts a quantitative approach to explore the interrelations between the variables, focusing on professional village facilitators in a specific regional context.
Methodology: This Research using by complete enumeration sampling (census), data were collected through offline surveys from 203 respondents and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The variables studied include Job Crafting, Work Integrity, Innovative Work Behavior, Individual Performance, and Work-Life Balance.
Results: The result of study is Job Crafting and Work Integrity significantly influence Innovative Work Behavior. Job Crafting, Work Integrity, and Innovative Work Behavior do not significantly affect Individual Performance. Innovative Work Behavior does not mediate the relationship between Job Crafting, Work Integrity, and Individual Performance. Work-Life Balance does not moderate the relationship between Innovative Work Behavior and Individual Performance.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that Job Crafting, Work Integrity, and Innovative Work Behavior are not significant contributors to Individual Performance among professional village facilitators in Kediri Regency. This highlights the need to explore alternative mediating and moderating variables to better understand the factors influencing their performance. However, as IWB does not directly improve individual performance (IP), strategies should also address performance outcomes through targeted training, performance monitoring, and support mechanisms.
On the Inverted Beta Generated Slash Distribution: Properties and Application
Authors: Borah Nandita , Bhattacharjee Sahana
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we propose a new distribution called inverted beta generated slash distribution which is the inverted form of the beta generated slash distribution. The beta generated slash distribution is first introduced and then the inverted form of this distribution is established which is named as inverted beta generated slash distribution. The explicit expressions for pdf, cdf, moments, skewness, kurtosis, median are derived and their variation with different values of the parameters are studied. The hazard rate function assumes different shapes depending on the values of the parameters. A few additional properties such as moment generating function, Mills Ratio, Lorenz and Bonferroni curves, order statistics, hazard rate function of the proposed distribution are also explored. The method of maximum likelihood is used to estimate the unknown parameters of this distribution and a simulation study is conducted to check the performance of these estimates. The MLE’s are found to be consistent and precise in estimating the true value of the parameters. Finally, the proposed distribution is applied to a data set to check the flexibility of the model and the goodness-of-fit of the proposed distribution is compared with three other competing distribution to show its flexibility and advantage particularly in modeling heavy-tailed data sets.
High-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Levels at Presentation and its Association with Platelet Recovery in Newly Diagnosed Immune Thrombocytopenia in Children
Authors: Srivastava Srishti , Kanakia Swati , Oberoi Amarinder , Mishra Arpita , Jain Amit
Published: January 2025

Background: Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired immune mediated platelet destruction aided by the inflammatory marker high sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP). Higher CRP levels at presentation co-relate with retarded platelet (PLT) recovery as proposed by various studies.
Objective: To determine the quantitative level of CRP at presentation and during therapy and correlate the levels with platelet count to assess platelet recovery and be able to identify the non-responders based on the CRP level at presentation in newly diagnosed ITP.
Study Design: Prospective observational study (duration: 1year 11months).
Participants: 30 cases of newly diagnosed ITP (<18 years) after excluding secondary ITP causes.
Methods: Complete blood count, peripheral blood smear and other routine tests were done at presentation. Follow up involved platelet count and hs-CRP level estimation between Day 21-28 and Day 35-42 of diagnosis with treatment and assessing the trend of CRP with platelet count changes.
Outcomes: All patients presented with platelet count <10000/µL. On assessment of response to therapy, total 86.6% (n=26) of children showed complete response to treatment, 3 children showed partial response and 1 did not show response thereby requiring multi-drug therapy.
Results: 53.3% (n=16) cases belonged to age group 5-12 years and 53.3% (n=16) of cases were females. Mean CRP levels at presentation was 2.98 among 0-5 years old children, 2.38 (± 2.48) and 3.05 (± 2.90) in children who belonged to the age groups 5 – 12 years and 13 - 18 years respectively. CRP level among complete responders on three occasions were 2.6 (Day 1), 1.74 (Day 28) and 1.25 (Day 42) (p=0.17) and in the non-responder were 5.1 (Day 1), 5 (Day 28) against platelet count of 8000/microL and 13000/microL respectively. 92.9% cases (13/14) treated with IVIG showed complete response as compared to 80.0% (12/15) cases with oral steroid and one with Anti D.
Conclusion: Children with higher CRP at presentation and during follow up showed no/ lack of response to treatment making it a useful prognostic marker to predict the response to treatment. IVIG may lead to the faster recovery of platelet counts as compared to steroids.
Mathematical Modelling of Wastewater Treatment: A Review and Application
Authors: Aji Bagus Kohar , Kartono  , Sunarsih  , Rafsanjani Zani Anjani
Published: January 2025

The Sewon domestic wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) plays a crucial role as a domestic wastewater treatment unit in the densely populated areas of Yogyakarta. Domestic wastewater generally contains suspended solids, organic matter, pathogens, and nutrients. Uncontrolled management of domestic wastewater effluent can cause serious environmental impacts, such as the spread of diseases and a decrease in water quality that has the potential to hinder reuse. Sedimentation and eutrophication processes can also occur, further impacting the performance of wastewater treatment units. The phenomena and challenges that occur in WWTPs can be examined through mathematical modeling, especially dynamic models, to understand the relationship between waste components and the working mechanism of the wastewater treatment system. Numerical approaches, especially the finite difference method, play a significant role in solving the complexity of models that are difficult to solve using exact methods. This article presents a study based on field observations and analysis of relevant scientific literature, to identify various potentials and challenges in wastewater management, analyzed through mathematical model approaches and numerical techniques.
340B—Where Do We Go From Here?
Authors: Kishore Sanjay , Nayak Rahul K. , Kesselheim Aaron S.
Published: July 2023

This Viewpoint summarizes inefficiencies in the 340B program and provides suggestions for equitable reform that will potentially benefit patients.
Preparing for the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11) in the US Health Care System
Authors: Feinstein James A. , Gill Peter J. , Anderson Brett R.
Published: July 2023

This Viewpoint discusses how the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11), made available in January 2022, will affect the US health care system.
Costs and Causes of Oncology Drug Attrition With the Example of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Receptor Inhibitors
Authors: Jentzsch Valerie , Osipenko Leeza , Scannell Jack W. , Hickman John A.
Published: July 2023

Importance

The development of oncology drugs is expensive and beset by a high attrition rate. Analysis of the costs and causes of translational failure may help to reduce attrition and permit the more appropriate use of resources to reduce mortality from cancer.

Objective

To analyze the causes of failure and expenses incurred in clinical trials of novel oncology drugs, with the example of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) inhibitors, none of which was approved for use in oncology practice.

Design, Setting, and Participants

In this cross-sectional study, inhibitors of the IGF-1R and their clinical trials for use in oncology practice between January 1, 2000, and July 31, 2021, were identified by searching PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov. A proprietary commercial database was interrogated to provide expenses incurred in these trials. If data were not available, estimates were made of expenses using mean values from the proprietary database. A search revealed studies of the effects of IGF-1R inhibitors in preclinical in vivo assays, permitting calculation of the percentage of tumor growth inhibition. Archival data on the clinical trials of IGF-1R inhibitors and proprietary estimates of their expenses were examined, together with an analysis of preclinical data on IGF-1R inhibitors obtained from the published literature.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Expenses associated with research and development of IGF-1R inhibitors.

Results

Sixteen inhibitors of IGF-1R studied in 183 clinical trials were found. None of the trials, in a wide range of tumor types, showed efficacy permitting drug approval. More than 12 000 patients entered trials of IGF-1R inhibitors in oncology indications in 2003 to 2021. These trials incurred aggregate research and development expenses estimated at between $1.6 billion and $2.3 billion. Analysis of the results of preclinical in vivo assays of IGF-1R inhibitors that supported subsequent clinical investigations showed mixed activity and protocols that poorly reflected the treatment of advanced metastatic tumors in humans.

Conclusions and Relevance

Failed drug development in oncology incurs substantial expense. At an industry level, an estimated $50 billion to $60 billion is spent annually on failed oncology trials. Improved target validation and more appropriate preclinical models are required to reduce attrition, with more attention to decision-making before launching clinical trials. A more appropriate use of resources may better reduce cancer mortality.
Disparities in the Timing of Preoperative Hemodialysis Among Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease
Authors: Fielding-Singh Vikram , Vanneman Matthew W. , Morris Arden M. , Chertow Glenn M. , Lin Eugene
Published: July 2023

This cohort study evaluates the association of patient characteristics with the interval between hemodialysis and surgery among patients with end-stage kidney disease.
Activation of the EGFR/PI3K/AKT pathway limits the efficacy of trametinib treatment in head and neck cancer
Authors: Novoplansky Ofra , Shnerb Avital B. , Marripati Divyasree , Jagadeeshan Sankar , Abu Shareb Raghda , Conde‐López Cristina , Zorea Jonathan , Prasad Manu , Ben Lulu Talal , Yegodayev Ksenia M. , Benafsha Chen , Li Yushi , Kong Dexin , Kuo Fengshen , Morris Luc G. T. , Kurth Ina , Hess Jochen , Elkabets Moshe
Published: July 2023

Blocking the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway with the MEK1/2 inhibitor trametinib has produced promising results in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In the current study, we showed that trametinib treatment leads to overexpression and activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in HNSCC cell lines and patient‐derived xenografts. Knockdown of EGFR improved trametinib treatment efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that trametinib‐induced EGFR overexpression hyperactivates the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway. In vitro, blocking the PI3K pathway with GDC‐0941 (pictilisib), or BYL719 (alpelisib), prevented AKT pathway hyperactivation and enhanced the efficacy of trametinib in a synergistic manner. In vivo, a combination of trametinib and BYL719 showed superior antitumor efficacy vs. the single agents, leading to tumor growth arrest. We confirmed our findings in a syngeneic murine head and neck cancer cell line in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our findings show that trametinib treatment induces hyperactivation of EGFR/PI3K/AKT; thus, blocking of the EGFR/PI3K pathway is required to improve trametinib efficacy in HNSCC.
Lateral Meristems
Authors: Fatz Wiktoria , Woodward George Malcolm , Vainio Leo , Topcu Melis Kucukoglu
Published: July 2023

Secondary or lateral growth increases the girth of plant organs in dicots and gymnosperms. It is achieved by the coordinated activities of lateral meristems, namely the vascular cambium and cork cambium (phellogen). The vascular cambium produces the conductive tissues secondary xylem (wood) and secondary phloem (bark), while the cork cambium generates the protective phellem (cork) against stresses from the surrounding environment. These meristematic tissues contain the stem cells to generate new tissues continuously and represent the hallmarks of perennial growth habit.

Key Concepts

Lateral meristems are responsible for the girth growth of plant organs.

Lateral meristems consist of the vascular cambium and cork cambium (phellogen), which produces the conductive tissues and protective tissues for the growing plant body, respectively.

The vascular cambium is uniseriate, and a single, bifacial stem cell produces both phloem and xylem cells in a cell file.

Development and activity of the vascular cambium are complex and governed by the genetic factors and plant hormones.

Phellogen initiation requires the activation of the vascular cambium formation.

Recent advances and tools developed for sequencing, imaging and segmentation will improve our understanding and modelling of plant lateral growth.
Ghrelin blockade study in mice supports new AUD medication
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: July 2023

Almost 10 years ago, ADAW interviewed Lorenzo Leggio, M.D., Ph.D. about his research with ghrelin, a hormone produced by the stomach which may link alcoholism and eating behavior. At the time, a small animal study showed that ghrelin was linked to reward in mice. Even before then, however, Leggio, working as a clinician in Italy, had heard about the link between ghrelin and alcoholism, so he conducted a study with patients in treatment for alcoholism which showed that those with lower ghrelin levels had lower cravings and were more likely to maintain abstinence, while patients with higher levels were more likely to relapse (see https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adaw.20396).
Acceptor Functionalization via Green Chemistry Enables High‐Performance n‐Type Organic Electrochemical Transistors for Biosensing, Memory Applications
Authors: Wang Yazhou , Koklu Anil , Zhong Yizhou , Chang Tianrui , Guo Keying , Zhao Chao , Castillo Tania Cecilia Hidalgo , Bu Zhonggao , Xiao Chengyi , Yue Wan , Ma Wei , Inal Sahika
Published: July 2023

The organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) is one of the most versatile building blocks within the bioelectronics device toolbox. While p‐type organic semiconductors have progressed as OECT channel materials, only a few n‐type semiconductors have been reported, precluding the development of advanced sensor‐integrated OECT‐based complementary circuits. Herein, green aldol polymerization is uses to synthesize lactone‐based n‐type conjugated polymers. Fluorination of the lactone‐based acceptor endows a fully locked backbone with a low‐lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, facilitating efficient ionic‐to‐electronic charge coupling. The resulting polymer has a record‐high n‐type OECT performance with a high product of mobility and capacitance (µC* = 108 F cm−1 V−1 s−1), excellent mobility (0.912 cm2 V−1 s−1), low threshold voltage (0.02 V), and fast switching speed (τON, τOFF = 336 µs,108 µs). This work demonstrates two types of device architectures and applications enabled by the high performance of this n‐type OECT, i.e., an artificial synapse and a complementary amplifier for detecting α‐synuclein, a potential biomarker of Parkinson's disease. This study shows that materials that enable high gain and fast speed n‐type OECTs can be developed via a green polymerization route, and the diverse form factors that these devices take promise for exploration of other application areas.