bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of tactile-kinesthetic stimulation on feeding and weight of moderate and late preterm neonates
Authors: Nyaga Emily Muthoni , Basiouny Nehad Sabry , Esamai Fabian Omoding , Mansy Gamalat El-Sayed
Published: March 2020

Background: Owing to immaturity of their body systems, preterm neonates are susceptible to feeding intolerance, slowed growth and long hospitalization periods among others. Tactile-kinesthetic stimulation, a moderate pressure of the skin and joint movement has been widely researched on among preterm neonates; the studies have predominately focused on weight gain and the potential underlying mechanism. This study focuses on effect of tactile-kinesthetic stimulation on amount of feeds, feeding intolerance and weight of moderate and late preterm neonates. Methods: A quasi-experimental study comprising 72 preterm neonates born at 28 to <37 weeks gestation age (GA) was conducted. Subjects were divided into two groups; control and tactile-kinesthetic stimulation (TKS). Neonates in the TKS group received massage for 15 minutes per session; 3 times a day for 10 days while control group had standard nursery care. Neonates’ amount of feeds and signs of feeding intolerance were assessed on days 3, 10, 17, and 23 of life while weight was measured on alternate days stating on day 3 up to day 23. Mann Whitney U test, Student t-test, Chi-square test, and Fisher’s exact test were used to determine whether there was any difference in feeding parameters and weight between TKS and control groups. Results: Although amount of feeds didn’t differ between the groups, TKS group neonates had fewer episodes of feeding intolerance compared to those in control group on the 10 th ( p = .03), 17 th ( p = .00), and 23 th ( p = .00) day of life. Moderate preterm neonates didn’t differ in weight gain however; late preterm neonates in TKS group had significantly more weight gain than the control. Conclusion: Tactile-kinesthetic stimulation reduces feeding intolerance and enhance weight gain in moderate preterm neonates. Key words: Preterm neonates, tactile-kinesthetic stimulation, feeding intolerance, and weight. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04287322, registered on 27/02/2020. Retrospectively registered.
Metabolic diversity and co-occurrence of multiple Ferrovum species at an acid mine drainage site
Authors: Grettenberger Christen , Havig Jeff , Hamilton Trinity
Published: March 2020

Background Ferrovum spp. are abundant in acid mine drainage sites globally where they play an important role in biogeochemical cycling. All known taxa in this genus are Fe(II) oxidizers. Thus, co-occurring members of the genus could be competitors within the same environment. However, we found multiple, co-occurring Ferrovum spp. in Cabin Branch, an acid mine drainage site in the Daniel Boone National Forest, KY. Results Here we describe the distribution of Ferrovum spp. within the Cabin Branch communities and metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) of two new Ferrovum spp.. In contrast to previous studies, we recovered multiple 16S rRNA gene sequence variants suggesting the commonly used 97% cutoff may not be appropriate to differentiate Ferrovum spp. We also retrieved two nearly-complete Ferrovum spp. genomes from metagenomic data. The genomes of these taxa differ in several key ways relating to nutrient cycling, motility, and chemotaxis. Conclusions Previously reported Ferrovum genomes are also diverse with respect to these categories suggesting that the genus Ferrovum contains substantial metabolic diversity. This diversity likely explains how the members of this genus successfully co-occur in Cabin Branch and why Ferrovum spp. are abundant across geochemical gradients.
Characterization of the Mechanism of Action of Lanraplenib, a Novel Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, in Models of Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Pohlmeyer Christopher W. , Shang Ching , Han Pei , Cui Zhi-Hua , Jones Randall M. , Clarke Astrid S. , Murray Bernard P. , Lopez David A. , Newstrom David W. , Inzunza M. David , Matzkies Franziska G. , Currie Kevin S. , Paolo Julie A. Di
Published: March 2020

Background B cells are critical mediators of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis (LN), and antinuclear antibodies can be found in the serum of approximately 98% of patients with SLE. Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase that mediates signaling from immunoreceptors, including the B cell receptor. Active, phosphorylated SYK has been observed in tissues from patients with SLE or cutaneous lupus erythematosus, and its inhibition is hypothesized to ameliorate disease pathogenesis. We sought to evaluate the efficacy and characterize the mechanism of action of lanraplenib, a selective oral SYK inhibitor, in the New Zealand black/white (NZB/W) murine model of SLE and LN. Methods Lanraplenib was evaluated for inhibition of primary human B cell functions in vitro. Furthermore, the effect of SYK inhibition on ameliorating LN-like disease in vivo was determined by treating diseased NZB/W mice with lanraplenib, cyclophosphamide, or a vehicle control. Glomerulopathy and immunoglobulin G (IgG) deposition were quantified in kidneys. The concentration of proinflammatory cytokines was measured in serum. Splenocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry for B cell maturation and T cell memory maturation, and the presence of T follicular helper and dendritic cells. Results In human B cells in vitro, lanraplenib inhibited B cell activating factor-mediated survival as well as activation, maturation, and immunoglobulin M production. Treatment of NZB/W mice with lanraplenib improved overall survival, prevented the development of proteinuria, and reduced blood urea nitrogen concentrations. Kidney morphology was significantly preserved by treatment with lanraplenib as measured by glomerular diameter, protein cast severity, interstitial inflammation, vasculitis, and frequency of glomerular crescents; treatment with lanraplenib reduced glomerular IgG deposition. Mice treated with lanraplenib had reduced concentrations of serum proinflammatory cytokines. Lanraplenib blocked disease-driven B cell maturation and T cell memory maturation in the spleen. Conclusions Lanraplenib blocked the progression of LN-like disease in NZB/W mice. Human in vitro and murine in vivo data suggest that lanraplenib may be efficacious in preventing disease progression in patients with LN at least in part by inhibiting B cell maturation. These data provide additional rationale for the use of lanraplenib in the treatment of SLE and LN.
WITHDRAWN: A robust speaker recognition based on Data augmentation
Authors: Li Chenqi , Lu Haoyuan , Wang Wei
Published: March 2020

It is known that large-scale training data can get the better effect of recognition. However, it is difficult to collect a lot of labeled training data for speaker recognition. At the same time, the performance of speaker recognition is greatly influenced by environmental noise. In this paper, we use data augmentation by adding noise to get much training data and improve the robustness of speaker recognition. The experimental results demonstrate that data augmentation have the better performance improvement on Chinese-863 database.
High Flow Nasal Oxygen for Acute Type 2 Respiratory Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol
Authors: Alnajada Asem , Blackwood Bronagh , Almobrad Abdulmajeed , Akhtar Adeel , Shyamsundar Murali
Published: March 2020

BackgroundAcute Type 2 respiratory failure (AT2RF) is defined by hypercapnia (>6kPa) and these patients require ventilatory support in a significant proportion of cases. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is effective in preventing escalation to invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) but has a high failure rate. High flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) is a novel device that integrates humidified air with oxygen at flow rates of up to 60 L/min. Various additional benefits including carbon-di-oxide (CO2) clearance have been attributed to HFNO. This systematic review aims to determine whether the use of HFNO for patients with AT2RF 1) improves arterial CO2 (PaCO2), 2) improves other clinical and patient-centred outcomes and 3) assess any potential harms.MethodSearches for relevant studies will be conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, with no language restrictions. In addition, we will search Google Scholar and the references of all articles for any pertinent studies not found in our initial search. With the assistance of a professional librarian, we will develop a systematic search strategy using appropriate keywords and MeSH terms. We will identify trials that examined the efficacy of HFNO in adult AT2RF patients. We will include randomised trials and observational studies that compared two or more modalities of oxygen delivery that includes high flow nasal oxygen as one of the modes with the comparator being low flow oxygen and/or non-invasive ventilation. The primary outcome is change in PaCO2 level while other clinical and patient centred outcomes will be collected. Two reviewers will independently assess studies for eligibility, data extraction and quality appraisal. We will conduct a meta-analysis and/or a narrative summary as appropriate.DiscussionHFNO is utilised extensively in clinical practice with widening indications of use. The effects of HFNO includes CO2 clearance and PEEP benefits that may be beneficial to patients with AT2RF. While current publications indicate a beneficial role, no systematic review has attempted to summarise the evidence for this indication. The results of the proposed systematic review will summarise the current evidence to guide practice, guideline development and the design of future trials.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42019148748. (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/)
Extended Input–Output Model for Urbanization An Empirical Test Using Chinese Data
Authors: Okamoto Nobuhiro
Published: March 2020

Although the input–output model has been widely used for both pure economic analysis and environmental issues, demographic analysis has been relegated to the periphery in the input–output literature. Since the 1980s, Batey and his various co-researchers have made a significant contribution to the progress of economic–demographic modeling from the perspective of unemployment in the context of shrinking regional economies. This study focuses on another demographic aspect of the urbanization process by developing an extended input–output model for urbanization, using the so-called Batey–Madden model, which focuses on incorporating labor accounts with the input–output model. The study proposes a new “urbanization multiplier,” which implies strong population concentration in cities based on an employment multiplier in urban areas and labor allocation possibilities between urban and rural areas. According to a preliminary application to Chinese urbanization, economic structure can be said to determine the urbanization multiplier, indicating the extent of employment opportunities created in urban areas, and the size of the population attracted from rural areas. Furthermore, the study considers a wide range of possible applications of the input–output table in terms of urbanization.
Quantification of Arterial, Venous, and Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow Dynamics by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Under Simulated Micro-Gravity Conditions: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zahid Arslan , Martin Bryn , Collins Stephanie , Oshinski John N. , Ethier Christopher Ross
Published: March 2020

Background: Astronauts undergoing long-duration spaceflight are exposed to numerous health risks, including Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome (SANS), a spectrum of ophthalmic changes that can result in permanent loss of visual acuity. The etiology of SANS is not well understood but is thought to involve changes in cerebrovascular flow dynamics in response to microgravity. There is a paucity of knowledge in this area; in particular, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow dynamics have not been well characterized under microgravity conditions. Our study was designed to determine the effect of simulated microgravity (head-down tilt [HDT]) on cerebrovascular flow dynamics. We hypothesized that under microgravity conditions simulated by HDT, increased pressure in the intracranial space would alter intracranial CSF and venous flow dynamics by causing: 1) venous congestion reflected by increased venous cross-sectional area; and 2) a decrease in cardiac-related CSF flow oscillations. Methods: In a prospective cohort study, we measured flow in major cerebral arteries, veins, and CSF spaces in fifteen healthy volunteers using phase contrast magnetic resonance (PCMR) before and during 15° HDT. Results: We found a significant increase in venous cross-sectional area with HDT (p=0.005), indicating venous congestion, along with a decrease in all CSF flow parameters [systolic peak flow (p=0.009), peak-to-peak pulse amplitude (p=0.001), and stroke volume (p=0.10)]. Arterial average flow (p=0.04), systolic peak flow (p=0.04), and peak-to-peak pulse amplitude (p=0.02) all also significantly decreased. Conclusions: These results collectively demonstrate that acute application of 15° HDT caused a reduction in CSF flow parameters (systolic peak flow and peak-to-peak pulse amplitude), coupled with an increase in venous CSA suggesting increased venous congestion with HDT.
Cultivar Selection and Placement of Shadecloth on Midwest High Tunnels Affects Colored Bell Pepper Yield, Fruit Quality, and Plant Growth
Authors: Lang Kristine M. , Nair Ajay , Moore Kenneth J.
Published: March 2020

Growing colored bell peppers in high tunnels enhances fruit quality and accelerates ripening. While there are benefits to high tunnel pepper production, increased heat inside the structures can lead to plant stress, blossom drop, sunscald, and reduced marketable yields. The objective of this study was to test shadecloth treatments placed on high tunnels to mitigate heat stress and improve colored bell pepper yield and fruit quality, while also identifying cultivars that perform well within Midwest high tunnel systems. Research was conducted at the Iowa State University Horticulture Research Station (Ames, IA) from 11 May to 11 Oct. in 2017 and 3 May to 9 Oct. in 2018. Six single-poly passively ventilated Quonset high tunnels were used for the experiment. The shade treatments (no shadecloth, 30% light-reducing shadecloth, and 50% light-reducing shadecloth) were applied in June of each season. Within each shade treatment, there were three randomized complete blocks of the seven colored bell pepper cultivars (Archimedes, Delirio, Flavorburst, Red Knight, Sirius, Summer Sweet, and Tequila). Data were collected on yield, fruit quality, and plant growth characteristics. Environmental parameters were monitored throughout the growing season. Both the 30% and 50% shadecloth treatments reduced monthly average and maximum air temperatures within high tunnels, with the largest differences occurring in the months of July and August. The use of a shadecloth reduced the incidence of sunscald by 59% between no shade and 50% shadecloth treatments. While there was no difference between 30% and 50% shade treatments, the use of 50% shadecloth caused a decrease in both marketable number (32%) and weight (29%) of pepper fruit compared with the control. ‘Tequila’, ‘Delirio’, and ‘Flavorburst’ had more marketable fruit per plant. Shade treatments did not affect fruit soluble solids content (SSC), pH, or total titratable acidity (TTA). Shade treatments had no effect on Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) readings, shoot biomass, the number of leaves per plant or the total leaf area per plant; however, plant height increased by an average 14.5 cm for plants under shadecloth treatments. Average leaf size was 11.2 cm2 larger on plants grown under the 50% shadecloth, compared with the control. Several cultivar differences existed for each fruit quality and plant growth parameter. While differences in fruit quality and plant growth parameters were limited among shade treatments, decreasing marketable yield is concerning. Our research suggests that Midwest growers should not exceed 30% light-reducing shadecloth on their high tunnels for colored bell pepper production.
Development of a water quality index for watercourses downstream of harvested peatlands
Authors: Betis Hermine , St-Hilaire André , Fortin Claude , Duchesne Sophie
Published: March 2020

This study aimed to adapt the Water Quality Index of the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME WQI) for its application to water quality assessment of drainage water and watercourses downstream of peat harvesting operations. It integrates different parameters that potentially reflect the overall water quality condition of a stream. Thus, it is calculated using multivariate water quality data and accounts for their conformity with respect to water quality guidelines. Adaptation of the index proceeded to identify, through a literature review, the physico-chemical parameters that may change due to peat harvesting. The CCME WQI was used to compare water quality of receiving watercourses to that of streams located within a 200 km radius from the study sites in three regions of Quebec. The availability of water quality data guided the selection of parameters among those identified. They are ammonia, conductivity, pH and suspended sediment concentrations. Results indicated a significant difference between WQI values of water from harvested peatlands and those of streams in two of the three regions studied. Results have also shown that it is the pH guideline that is not respected in most cases for harvested peatlands.

This article has been made Open Access thanks to the kind support of CAWQ/ACQE (https://www.cawq.ca).
Exploration of Neem Gum, Acrylamide Grafted Neem Gum and Carboxymethylated Neem Gum as Retardant in Tablet Formulation
Authors: Malviya Rishabha
Published: March 2020

Background:

In the previous study, investigators have synthesized acrylamide grafted and
carboxymethylated derivatives of neem gum and evaluated their potential in the formulation of nanoparticles.
In continuation of previous work, authors have evaluated neem gum polysaccharide (NGP),
acrylamide grafted neem gum polysaccharide (NGP-g-Am) and carboxymethylated neem gum polysaccharide
(CMNGP) as binding agent in the tablet dosage form.

Methods:

Diclofenac sodium was used as a model drug while microcrystalline cellulose and talc
were used as excipient in the preparation of granules employing wet granulation technique. NGP,
NGP-g-Am and CMNGP were utilized as binding agent in the preparation of granules. Prepared
granules were characterized for various pre-compression and post-compression parameters.

Results and Discussion:

Binding agents were used in the concentration of 4-24%w/w. NGP incorporated
granules showed more bulk density and lower values of tapped density, Carr’s index, bulkiness,
Hausner’s ratio and angle of repose as compared to NGP-g-Am consisting granules. NGP-g-Am consisting
tablets showed more hardness and zero friability as compared to NGP based tablets. Drug
content was found lower for the tablets having grafted polymer in place of NGP. CMNGP were also
utilized to prepare granules but granules were not be able to compress keeping all the compacting parameters
same as used in the case of NGP and NGP-g-Am consisting granules. NGP and NGP-g-Am
were able to sustain drug release up to 6 and 8 h, respectively.

Conclusion:

It can be concluded that NGP-g-Am induces better properties when used as a binder in
the tablet formulation than native polymer, while CMNGP cannot be utilized as a binding agent in
the preparation of a tablet.
CSF Levels of the Endocannabinoid Anandamide are Reduced in Patients with Untreated Narcolepsy Type 1: A Pilot Study
Authors: Romigi Andrea , Bari Monica , Liguori Claudio , Izzi Francesca , Rapino Cinzia , Nuccetelli Marzia , Battista Natalia , Bernardini Sergio , Centonze Diego , Mercuri Nicola Biagio , Placidi Fabio , Maccarrone Mauro
Published: March 2020

Background :

Endocannabinoids (ECs) modulate both excitatory and inhibitory components
in the CNS. There is a growing body of evidence that shows ECs influence both hypothalamic orexinergic
and histaminergic neurons involved in narcolepsy physiopathology. Therefore, ECs may influence
sleep and sleep-wake cycle.

Objective :

To evaluate EC levels in the CSF of untreated narcoleptic patients to test whether ECs are
dysregulated in Narcolepsy Type 1 (NT1) and Type 2 (NT2).

Methods :

We compared CSF Anandamide (AEA), 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and orexin in narcoleptic
drug-naïve patients and in a sample of healthy subjects.

Results :

We compared NT1 (n=6), NT2 (n=6), and healthy controls (n=6). We found significantly
reduced AEA levels in NT1 patients compared to both NT2 and controls. No differences were found
between AEA levels in NT2 versus controls and between 2-AG levels in all groups, although a trend
toward a decrease in NT1 was evident. Finally, the CSF AEA level was related to CSF orexin levels in
all subjects.

Conclusion :

We demonstrated that the EC system is dysregulated in NT1.
Technical Support System for Power System Load Modeling
Authors: Sun Tiantian , Bian Shaorun , Sun Yu , Wang Zhenshu , Li Wenqiao , Chong Fayu
Published: March 2020

Background:

In order to better establish accurate load models and meet the practical
demand of current power system load modeling, it is necessary to establish related technical support
systems for power system load modeling.

Objective:

The purpose of the paper was to construct the overall scheme of power system load
modeling technology support system and complete the development of the system.

Methods:

Based on the modular design idea, the system adopts a multi-level architecture combining
B/S and C/S modes, covering the key technologies of substation classification based on selforganizing
neural network algorithm, load dynamic characteristic classification based on lifting
wavelet packet algorithm, load model parameter identification and load modeling based on adaptive
interactive multiple model (AIMM) algorithm.

Results:

After actual operation verification, the built technology support system can well solve the
related problems of substation classification, load dynamic characteristic classification, load model
parameter identification and load modeling. It has the characteristics of a friendly man-machine interface,
simple operation and strong extensibility.

Conclusion:

The built technology support system provides powerful technical support for improving
the load data management level of the power system and establishing an accurate load model,
and promotes the practical process of load modeling theory.
Development and Characterization of Triple Action-Dental Mold
Authors: Sengupta Soma , Sarkhel Shounak , Mukherjee Biswajit
Published: March 2020

Aim:

The aim of the present study was the preparation and in vitro evaluation of polymeric molds with amoxicillin trihydrate, lidocaine hydrochloride, and metronidazole for sustained drug release for prolonged local action on an affected tooth (during carries and gum problems).

Background :

Periodontal diseases with infection and inflammation cause dental pain. For the treatment of dental problems such as dental pain, analgesics with antibiotics are prescribed at the initial stage.

Objective:

The main objective of the present study was to develop polymer-based dental mold containing three drugs (amoxicillin trihydrate, lidocaine hydrochloride, and metronidazole) to provide local drug action on the affected tooth or gingiva for a prolonged period of time.

Methods:

Dental molds were prepared with drugs and the optimum combination of polymers (determined by initial screening) such as corn zein, carbopol 934 P, gum acacia powder and poloxamer 407 by mixing together in ethanol (95%) followed by solvent evaporation. The developed dental molds were evaluated using different in vitro physio-chemical methods such as tooth adhesion test, percent swelling, surface pH, scanning electron microscopy, drug content and drug-release study by simultaneous UV spectroscopy.

Results:

The mean adhesive strength obtained in our formulation was 46.5 g-wt with a surface pH value of 6.5. The percentage of swelling of the dental molds varied from 43% to 73% in 4 h. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed very small and uniformly distributed drug particles in the matrix. Drug loading was high and reproducible. The cumulative percentage release of lidocaine hydrochloride, amoxicillin trihydrate and metronidazole in vitro was about 93.81%, 59.67%, and 48.7%, respectively, over 24 h.

Conclusion:

The developed dental mold containing three drugs may be applied to the affected tooth for prolonged drug action locally and an easy option to relieve from dental pain and infection by local drug action.
Clinical effect of a constant rate infusion of alfaxalone in isoflurane-anesthetized goats undergoing an experimental procedure: a pilot study
Authors: Rodrigo-Mocholi D. , Gasthuys F. , Vlaminck L. , Schauvliege S.
Published: March 2020

Alfaxalone is a synthetic neurosteroid anesthetic agent widely used in veterinary medicine, with a wide margin of safety and good quality of anesthesia. Also, alfaxalone has rapid biotransformation and a low tendency to accumulate in the tissues after repeated doses, which favors its intravenous use as a constant rate infusion. The aim of the study was to assess the isoflurane-sparing property and the clinical effects on the cardiorespiratory system of alfaxalone used as constant rate infusion in goats. Three healthy female goats were included in the study. Each goat was anesthetized twice (interval fifteen days) and received the following treatments in a random order during maintenance of anesthesia: 1. alfaxalone administered as a constant rate infusion at 0.05 mg/kg/min (treatment A); 2. NaCl 0.9% solution at an identical infusion rate (treatment B). Isoflurane vaporizer settings were adjusted according to a flow-chart. The SpO2 was significantly lower during treatment B than during treatment A. Although no significant differences were demonstrated for the other variables (heart rate, etc.), a clinical effect was noticed, including a modest decrease in the expired isoflurane concentration with treatment A. In conclusion, the co-administration of alfaxalone in isoflurane-anesthetized goats seems to result in only minimal side effects on cardiorespiratory parameters and may reduce the isoflurane requirements, but further studies are needed to confirm these results.
Googling for Ticks and Borreliosis in Germany: Nationwide Google Search Analysis From 2015 to 2018 (Preprint)
Authors: Scheerer Cora , Rüth Melvin , Tizek Linda , Köberle Martin , Biedermann Tilo , Zink Alexander
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND

Borreliosis is the most frequently transmitted tick-borne disease in Europe. It is difficult to estimate the incidence of tick bites and associated diseases in the German population due to the lack of an obligation to register across all 16 federal states of Germany.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to show that Google data can be used to generate general trends of infectious diseases on the basis of borreliosis and tick bites. In addition, the possibility of using Google AdWord data to estimate incidences of infectious diseases, where there is inconsistency in the obligation to notify authorities, is investigated with the perspective to facilitate public health studies.

METHODS

Google AdWords Keyword Planner was used to identify search terms related to ticks and borreliosis in Germany from January 2015 to December 2018. The search volume data from the identified search terms was assessed using Excel version 15.23. In addition, SPSS version 24.0 was used to calculate the correlation between search volumes, registered cases, and temperature.

RESULTS

A total of 1999 tick-related and 542 borreliosis-related search terms were identified, with a total of 209,679,640 Google searches in all 16 German federal states in the period under review. The analysis showed a high correlation between temperature and borreliosis (r=0.88), and temperature and tick bite (r=0.83), and a very high correlation between borreliosis and tick bite (r=0.94). Furthermore, a high to very high correlation between Google searches and registered cases in each federal state was observed (Brandenburg r=0.80, Mecklenburg-West Pomerania r= 0.77, Saxony r= 0.74, and Saxony-Anhalt r=0.90; all P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Our study provides insight into annual trends concerning interest in ticks and borreliosis that are relevant to the German population exemplary in the data of a large internet search engine. Public health studies collecting incidence data may benefit from the results indicating a significant correlation between internet search data and incidences of infectious diseases.
Association of Tubular Solute Clearance with Symptom Burden in Incident Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Wang Ke , Nguyen Michelle , Chen Yan , Hoofnagle Andrew N. , Becker Jessica O. , Zelnick Leila R. , Kundzins John , Goodling Anne , Himmelfarb Jonathan , Kestenbaum Bryan
Published: March 2020

Background and objectives

Residual kidney function is important to the health and wellbeing of patients with ESKD. We tested whether the kidney clearances of proximal tubular secretory solutes are associated with burden of uremic and heart failure symptoms among patients on peritoneal dialysis with residual kidney function.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We enrolled 29 patients on incident peritoneal dialysis with residual urine output >250 ml daily. We used targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to quantify plasma, 24-hour urine, and peritoneal dialysate concentrations of ten tubular secretory solutes. We calculated the kidney and peritoneal dialysis clearances of each secretory solute, creatinine, and urea, and we estimated a composite kidney and peritoneal secretion score. We assessed for uremic symptoms using the Dialysis Symptom Index and heart failure–related symptoms using the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire. We used linear regression to determine associations of composite secretory solute clearances and GFRurea+Cr with Dialysis Symptom Index symptom score and Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire summary score.

Results

Mean residual kidney clearances of creatinine and urea were 8±5 and 9±6 ml/min per 1.73 m2, respectively, and mean GFRurea+Cr was 8±5 ml/min per 1.73 m2. The residual kidney clearances of most secretory solutes were considerably higher than creatinine and urea clearance, and also, they were higher than their respective peritoneal dialysis clearances. After adjustments for age and sex, each SD higher composite kidney secretion score was associated with an 11-point lower Dialysis Symptom Index score (95% confidence interval, −20 to −1; P=0.03) and a 12-point higher Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire score (95% confidence interval, 0.5- to 23-point higher score; P=0.04). Composite peritoneal dialysis secretion score was not associated with either symptom assessment.

Conclusions

Residual kidney clearances of secretory solutes are higher than peritoneal dialysis clearances. Kidney clearances of secretory solutes are associated with patient-reported uremic and heart failure–related symptoms.
Planejamento urbano do futuro, dados do presente: a proteção da privacidade no contexto das cidades inteligentes
Authors: Antonialli Dennys , Kira Beatriz
Published: March 2020

As cidades ao redor do mundo vivenciam hoje experiências nas quais uma quantidade cada vez maior de dados gerados pelos cidadãos é usada para fins de gestão e planejamento urbano, com potencial para estimular o engajamento e a participação cidadã, promover a inclusão e tornar as comunidades mais eficientes, habitáveis e justas. Ao mesmo tempo, os avanços na ciência da reidentificação, nos mercados de dados e na análise de big data, trazem consigo preocupações quanto a atividades de coleta, uso, compartilhamento e descarte de dados, processos que devem estar cercados de cautela. À medida que novas tecnologias geram mais dados do que nunca, como aproveitar as oportunidades trazidas para as cidades, preservando a privacidade individual e construindo a confiança do público? Quais as experiências vivenciadas por cidades que depararam com esse desafio? E como as cidades brasileiras podem navegar entre iniciativas de uso de dados que acarretam benefícios aos cidadãos, como a economia de recursos e o aumento de eficiência da administração pública das cidades, mas que podem cobrar um custo significativo de privacidade? Este artigo busca explorar essas questões, apoiando-se na discussão de experiências internacionais e nacionais em que se faz presente a tensão entre o crescente uso de dados pelas chamadas cidades inteligentes e a proteção da privacidade dos cidadãos.
Research on fuel cell energy storage control and power generation system
Authors: Pan Jing
Published: March 2020

In order to realize the continuous stability of photovoltaic power generation system and the controllability of thermal energy storage, a photovoltaic fuel cell combined power generation system consisting of photovoltaic cell array, proton exchange membrane fuel cell, alkaline electrolysis cell and super capacitor is proposed. The system, at the same time, establishes the mathematical model of its various components and the system cost model, designs the thermal energy distribution of the thermal energy storage management coordination system, and uses the high efficiency battery to meet the load requirements of the power system. In addition, the paper uses simulation technology as a research method to build a simulation model of hybrid fuel cell thermal energy storage control and power generation system, and analyzes the system?s thermal energy supply and demand balance. The simulation results confirm that the photovoltaic fuel cell hybrid power generation system has high economic performance, can meet the user?s power and thermal energy requirements, and realizes the requirement of completely independent power supply.
Analysis of new inorganic exterior insulation materials and thermal energy storage
Authors: Wang Jianying
Published: March 2020

In order to reduce the energy efficiency of the construction industry and improve the building safety, in this research, a new type of inorganic insulation material ? vitreous bead insulation mortar is studied and its properties are analyzed. Quantitative method is used to analyze the influence of glass bead mixing amount, cellulose ether mixing amount and redispersible emulsion powder mixing amount on the consistency, water retention rate, dry density, softening coefficient and compressive strength of glass bead insulation mortar. The effect of different raw materials allocation on the thermal conductivity of vitrified microbeads thermal insulation mortar is explored. The results show that the performance of insulation mortar decreases significantly with the increase of glass bubbles. With the increase of cellulose ether content, the consistency and compressive strength of insulation mortar first increased and then decreased, the water retention rate increased significantly, but the dry density decreased significantly. With the increase of the content of redispersible emulsion powder, the consistency and compressive strength of insulation mortar first increased and then decreased, but the dry density decreased gradually. Glass bubbles and fly ash parameters are the main factors that affect the thermal conductivity of thermal insulation mortar, and their thermal conductivity decreases with the increase of the proportion of air-entraining agent. As a result, the performance of vitreous microbeads thermal insulation mortar will change to a certain extent with the different proportion of raw materials, which provides data support for the preparation and application of inorganic external wall thermal insulation materials.
Heat consumption analysis and energy-saving renovation of building heating in high sunshine heating area
Authors: Zhan Meiqiu , Zhang Wanxi
Published: March 2020

In order to explore the effect and influence of energy-saving renovation on buildings in high sunshine heating area, the method of visit survey is used. The main scope of reconstruction includes: building windows, walls, door joints, pipe net-work, insulation measures, etc. The heat consumption of buildings, the comprehensive effect of improvement, and the satisfaction of residents are studied. The results show that after the energy-saving renovation of buildings and equipment in the heating area, compared with before the renovation, the residents' awareness of saving heating has been greatly improved and the waste has been significantly reduced. With the decrease of heating economic expenditure, people are more satisfied with energy-saving renovation. Both heating companies and individual users have been relatively large expenditure reduction. To sum up, it is very important to improve the energy efficiency of buildings in high sunshine heating area. After the energy-saving renovation of the building, not only the awareness of saving is improved, but also the consumption of resources are reduced, so that more people can enjoy the warmth. A win-win situation in the cost of users and heating companies is achieved. This study has a positive effect on the follow-up research of building energy-saving renovation in heating area.
The modeling and energy efficiency analysis of thermal energy management operation of ground source heat pump air-conditioning system
Authors: Wang Xuli , Ma Jing , Zhao Feng , Tang Liang , Wang Lei
Published: March 2020

To improve the energy-saving effect of the ground source heat pump air-conditioning system, an example is investigated, and the annual loads of the building are simulated and analyzed. The thermal energy management operation modelling is conducted. The hydraulic analysis is performed for different modes in each section. Given the same flow and tube type, a larger pipe diameter indicates a smaller hydraulic loss. Compared with the parallel 5-well loop and the parallel 10-well loop, the hydraulic loss of the series 2-well loop is the highest. When the sub-catch is connected to 5 loops, as the number of series wells increases, the tube length gets longer, the flow rate allocated by the loop gets less, and the load increases. Besides, the energy efficiency ratio of the ground source side decreases as the heat rejection load increases. Therefore, by adjusting the pipe diameter, the pipe type, and the depth of the well, the hydraulic loss can be reduced. The energy-saving effect of the loop in the parallel mode is better. Given the limited number of the managed wells, the parallel circuit can be adjusted to the same program. The connection allows the collector to distribute the flow evenly. The energy efficiency ratio of the ground source can be improved by changing the diameter of the horizontal trunk pipe. It is hoped that the hydraulic optimization design of the ground source heat pump air-conditioning system can provide a theoretical basis for the application and promotion of the ground source heat pumps.
Assessing Students’ Digital Literacy Skill in Senior High School Yogyakarta
Authors: Perdana Riki , Yani Riwa , Jumadi Jumadi , Rosana Dadan
Published: March 2020

This study aimed at investigating students’ digital literacy skill of students Grade X and XI in Senior High School in Yogyakarta. There were three steps of this research. First, we constructed the item format and aspect of digital literacy skill. Second, the administration of this research to 193 students of science class in Yogyakarta which were selected randomly. The last, analysis data of students’ digital literacy skill based on educational level. For the profile of students’ digital we used descriptive and quantitative statistics (frequency and percent). To determine the significant difference of the students’ level we also used independent sample t-test. Result of this study showed that the students’ digital literacy skill of all students was very low level. In addition, there was significant difference of students’ digital literacy skill based on educational level. The conclusion was students’ digital literacy skill in Yogyakarta was very low and there must an effort to force these skills. Recommendation for the future study is to develop a learning model that can enhance students’ digital literacy skill. For the policy makers, learning based on digital literacy skill must be integrated on the curriculum. ICT learning should be thought to students in Indonesia, especially in Yogyakarta.
The Development of Free Inquiry Lab-Based Students’ Worksheet to Increase the Dimension in Science Literacy Process
Authors: Heleri Heleri , Situmorang Risya Pramana , Dewi Lusiawati
Published: March 2020

This research aimed at 1) developing and producing feasible free inquiry lab-based students’ worksheet to increase the dimension in students’ science literacy process and 2) examining the effectivity of free inquiry lab-based students’ worksheet in increasing the dimension in students’ science literacy process. This research was conducted using research and development method. The students of XI MIPA SMA Kristen 1 Salatiga were the subject of this research. This research was conducted in the first semester of 2018-2019 academic year. The validation questionnaire and students’ response, the observation sheet of dimension process and learning model implementation, and science literacy question sheet were the research instrument covered in this research. The hypothesis test was conducted using paired-sample t-test. The result of this research revealed that 1) the developed free inquiry lab-based students’ worksheet was feasible based on the assessment result from the professional validator with the average 80.19% and the students’ response was very good towards the worksheet with the assessment average 82.49%. 2) The free-inquiry lab students’ worksheet was effective in increasing students’ dimension in science literacy process in plant tissue topic, which was supported with the average of students’ dimension of science literacy process 87.71% (very good) and the students’ N-Gain was 0.7 (very good). It was proved by the paired samples t-test statistic test with the result 0.00 < 0,05, therefore H0 was rejected, or in the other words, the free inquiry lab-based students’ worksheet was effective in increasing the dimension in science literacy process.
Spectrum of Social Studies: Testing of the Social Reconstruction Vygotsky's Paradigm in Elementary Schools Social Studies Learning
Authors: Lasmawan I Wayan
Published: March 2020

In General, this research aimed to develop new formula of ideas and hypotheses of social science education curriculum of primary school. The Development was done through the integration of the principles of social reconstruction and constructivism of Vygotsky in interactional construction. This research used the design of development research, conducted in Bali Province by involving education experts, principals, teachers, and primary school students as research samples determined by purposive-randomization. The data instruments of this research consisted of observation sheets, interview guides, questionnaires, and test of learning outcomes. The whole research data was analyzed qualitatively with an interactive cycle model and CAR (contextuality-accuracy-relevancy) model, combined with quantitative analysis to comparatively graded the advantage of social reconstruction design with conventional learning design in social science education of primary school. The result of the study indicated that: (1) the social science competency which allowed for students of primary school in accordance with the social constructivism design of Vygostky consisted of : personal competence, sociocultural, and intellectual competence, (2) the relevant social science material structure to develop was when systematically organized as real pedagogical learning experiences, sociocultural, psychologycal by relied on the principle of “a student’s as a psychological, sociocultural, and intellectual horizons reconstructions -based”, and (3) social science classroom environment was a psychological and sociocultural context that should be laid out and directed at efforts of : (a) dynamization of student position from natural position to sociocultural position; (b) provide facility and personal and sociocultural mediation to students in their endeavors to reconstruct the contents, functions, and operations contained within their personalities structure.
Developing Early Childhood Cognitive Aspects Based on Anderson And Krathwohl’s Taxonomy
Authors: Laksana Dek Ngurah Laba , Dhiu Konstantinus Dua , Jau Maxima Yohana , Ngonu Melania Restintuta
Published: March 2020

Developing cognitive learning objectives becomes prior needs to be prepared by teachers. The aspect of early childhood education includes language development, physical-motor, cognitive, socio-emotional, religious-morality, and art. The development of cognitive aspects becomes very important in efforts to develop lesson planning, learning materials, and assessment. This study aims to produce instructional media on cognitive aspects that are appropriate to the characteristics of early childhood education. The instructional media was developed using the research and development design with Rowntree model. The Rowntree development model consists of 3 phases, those are planning phase, development phase, and the evaluation phase. The study was conducted involving 10 early childhood education institutions in Ngada Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Data was collected by documenting the learning process and utilizing rubrics for assessing the development of cognitive domain. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis to describe the quality of the products on cognitive domain in early childhood education. The results showed that the development of cognitive aspects in early childhood learning consisted of three aspects, namely aspects of learning and problem solving, aspects of logical thinking, and aspects of symbolic thinking. The development of cognitive aspects in early childhood education for children aged 5-6 years based on Anderson and Krathwohl's Taxonomy produced 18 learning objectives. On the other hand, the development of cognitive aspects in early childhood education aged 4-5 years based on the taxonomy of Anderson and Krathwohl produced 15 learning objectives. The learning objectives of the results of the development had been examined by instructional content experts, instructional design experts, and product user. The test results in the cognitive aspects of learning objectives are in the "very good" category.