bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological Characteristics of Colorectal Cancer in the Anatomical Pathology Laboratory of Dr. M. Djamil Padang 2017-2020
Authors: Muhammad Farhan Hasan  , Noza Hilbertina  , Deddy Saputra
Published: October 2024

Colorectal cancer is a malignant epithelial tumor originating from colorectal mucosa. Clinicopathology factors including age, gender, location, histopathological type, differentiation, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and lymphovascular invasion are known affect the prognosis. This study aims to determine the clinicopathological characteristics of colorectal cancer at Anatomical Pathology Laboratory RSUP. Dr. M. Djamil Padang in 2017-2020 This study was descriptive observational with total sampling technique from medical records. Samples included all colorectal cancer patients in 2017-2020 who were fulfilled inclusion criteria, with total 251 samples. The results showed that the most patiens were female (52.2%), the age group were > 50 years (66.1%), mostly located in the rectosigmoid (71.7%). Most of the histopathological types were adenocarcinoma (79.7%), with low grade differentiation (88.8%). More than a half of tumor invasion was at T3 (58.2%). Mainly metastatic status to lymph nodes was Nx (54.2%) and lymphovascular invasion were positive in 60% samples that included the lymphovascular invasion examination. The conclusion of this study is most of colorectal cancer in Anatomical Pathology Laboratory RSUP. Dr. M. Djamil Padang in 2017-2020 are in advanced stage, Early detection needs to be done so that colorectal cancer can be diagnosed at an early stage.
The Effect of Complementary Acupressure Therapy on the Incidence of Nausea and Vomiting After Regional Block Anesthesia (Spinal Anesthesia) in the Recovery Room of the Imelda Buruh Indonesia General Hospital, Medan
Authors: Satriani Hartalina Gultom  , Candra Meriani Damanik  , Yuni Shanti Ritonga  , Syahrul Handoko Nainggolan  , Ali Asman Harahap
Published: October 2024

Postoperative nausea and vomiting is one of the common side effects of spinal anesthesia. Nausea and vomiting affect patient morbidity such as stress, discomfort, dehydration, prolonging treatment time and increasing treatment costs. This study aims to determine the effect of acupressure therapy on the incidence of nausea and vomiting after spinal anesthesia in the recovery room of the Imelda Labor Indonesia General Hospital, Medan. This type of research is a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental research method. Data reports in the province of North Sumatra, there are 25,602 patients undergoing surgery. While at the Umim Labor Indonesia Hospital, Medan, the data on surgical patients as of January-March 2024 amounted to 666 patients, 250 patients were found to have spinal anesthesia. This study was conducted in February - June 2024 at the Imelda Labor Indonesia General Hospital, Medan. A sample of 20 respondents was taken.: The results of the statistical test obtained an α value of 0.000 (α <0.05), thus it was concluded that there was an effect of acupressure therapy on the incidence of nausea and vomiting after spinal anesthesia at the Imelda Labor Indonesia General Hospital, Medan. Based on the characteristics of respondents based on age, they were in the age range of 36-40 years, which was 55%, based on gender, the majority of respondents were women, which was 60%, respondents based on a history of smoking were 65%, the distribution of respondents with a history of nausea and vomiting was 55% and the majority of respondents with an incidence of nausea and vomiting was 60%. The recommendation for this study is that acupressure therapy can be applied in nursing practice so that patients are able to do it independently. For the Imelda Labor Indonesia General Hospital, Medan, it is necessary to carry out a risk scoring of nausea and vomiting in patients before surgery to minimize the incidence of nausea and vomiting after surgery.
数字经济背景下互联网营销师资队伍建设路径研究
Authors: 汪佳
Published: October 2024

随着数字经济的迅猛发展，互联网营销已成为现代市场竞争中的关键手段。然而，高校在互联网营销师资队伍建设方面仍存在诸多不足，影响了人才培养质量和企业竞争力。本文通过对36所开设互联网营销专业的高职院校进行问卷调查，并结合对500名行业从业者和100家企业的问卷调研及案例分析，全面剖析了当前互联网营销师资队伍的现状与问题。研究结果表明，师资队伍建设亟需关注个体能力提升、团队协作效率以及与产业发展的紧密结合。在此基础上，本文提出了多维度的建设路径，包括制定符合互联网营销特性的师资培养标准、推动企业实践与教学相结合、建立跨学科交流平台、提升教师的国际视野及信息化教学能力。研究结果为政府部门、教育机构和企业提供了系统性的策略建议，以应对数字经济时代对高素质网络营销人才的迫切需求，推动中国互联网营销教育和行业的全面升级。
DLACZEGO W POLSKICH MUZEACH NIE POWSTAŁA GALERIA GÓRNOŚLĄSKIEGO MALARSTWA XIX–XX WIEKU? PERSPEKTYWA POSTKOLONIALNA
Authors: Gorzelik Jerzy
Published: October 2024

W założeniach programowych Muzeum Śląskiego w Katowicach z 1929 r. pierwszy dyrektor instytucji, Tadeusz Dobrowolski, wskazał, że galeria sztuki XIX w. i współczesnej opierać się będzie na dziełach malarstwa polskiego i nie obejmie obiektów śląskich jako niepolskich lub niereprezentujących wystarczająco wysokiego poziomu artystycznego. Mimo zmieniających się uwarunkowań politycznych i kulturowych galeria malarstwa górnośląskiego XIX i XX w. nie powstała w żadnym polskim muzeum do dziś, mimo że eksponaty można było pozyskać z poniemieckich zbiorów muzealnych (w Gliwicach i Bytomiu). Nie podjęto dotąd próby zidentyfikowania tych artefaktów, w części przeniesionych po 1945 r. do składnic muzealnych, nie przebadano też pod tym kątem magazynów muzealnych na Górnym Śląsku. Zaniechanie to stanowi pokłosie kolonialnych dyskursów o regionie – niemieckiego i polskiego, z których pierwszy utrwalał obraz prymitywnej kultury miejscowych slawofonów, drugi zaś redukował do tak definiowanej ludowości całą kulturę górnośląską. Elementy tych dyskursów zostały zinternalizowane przez samych Górnoślązaków. W efekcie nobilitacji doznało malarstwo naiwne prezentowane jako emanacja autentycznej, sięgającej korzeniami czasów pogańskich duchowości i wyraz trwania w regionie polskiej w swej istocie kultury. Z czasem interpretacja ta uwolniona została od nacjonalistycznych konotacji, a malarstwo amatorów z Grupy Janowskiej wyznaczyło specyficznie regionalny idiom wyróżniający Górny Śląsk na tle innych regionów Polski. Dziś w Muzeum Śląskim, obok prezentacji malarstwa polskiego, znajduje się ekspozycja górnośląskiego malarstwa nieprofesjonalnego, co wpisuje się w dyskurs allochroniczny – to, co polskie, klasyfikowane jest jako historyczne, to, co górnośląskie, jako kulturowa skamielina.
La cerámica vaccea
Authors: Sanz Mínguez Carlos , Carrascal Arranz Juan Manuel
Published: October 2024

Repaso a las diversas categorías que integran la alfarería vaccea y a las denominadas “producciones singulares”, vigentes en el valle medio del Duero desde la cultura del Soto hasta su integración en los nuevos usos y costumbres romanos.
Mujeres, esfera pública e interseccionalidad
Authors: Cabezas González María Almudena
Published: October 2024

La presente obra trata de abordar con detalle el problema de la crisis de representación de algunos colectivos de mujeres que, ya insertos en la reivindicación feminista, sin embargo, no están respaldados por un diálogo, desde la participación social y política, con las instituciones. A partir de la óptica jurídica y politológica y desde la interseccionalidad, como perspectiva de análisis, nos planteamos una cierta crisis del concepto de representatividad y del propio sistema político-participativo. Aquellas mujeres que más riesgo de exclusión sufren (mujeres racializadas, mujeres migrantes, mujeres discriminadas por razón de identidad de género y orientación sexual, mujeres del mundo rural, etc.) requieren que se visibilice esta parte del feminismo; pues, sus organizaciones son canales de participación privilegiada, de los que parten las reivindicaciones de sus dificultades concretas. Desde esta idea, se pretenden ofrecer a los poderes públicos unas bases que expongan las razones de esa desigualdad estructural; ya que la misma circunscribe de un déficit de representación de necesidades e intereses de determinadas mujeres, como las que se insertan en los colectivos y mencionados. Desde un enfoque multidisciplinar, presidido por el Derecho Constitucional y la Ciencia Política, a partir de la perspectiva de género y la interseccionalidad, en cuanto categorías analíticas; la pretensión de que se otorgue un cierto estatus a estas mujeres y posibilidades para luchar por un conjunto de derechos de cuyo ejercicio efectivo son excluidas. Al tiempo, expresar la necesidad de que comiencen a asumir responsabilidades y generar un diálogo para con las instituciones, de tal forma que sin arrebatarles las identidades que les son propias tengan un mayor sentimiento de pertenencia a la comunidad. La participación puede significarse como una herramienta de inclusión, desde la interseccionalidad.
CARREGADOR PORTÁTIL ALIMENTADO COM ENERGIA FOTOVOLTAICA
Authors:   Roger Santos Koga, Costa Georg Matheus De Souza
Published: October 2024

This article describes the development of a portable charger for cell phones and various other devices that runs on batteries. In order to validate the prototype and guarantee its effectiveness, scientific research is carried out into the use of solar energy and its effects in Brazil, which model of board to use and the ideal electrical circuit to meet the proposal and requirements of the project. The tests are carried out on simulators, test boards and indicators. The prototype is tested and assembled semi-professionally on a phenolite board, together with a box phenolite board, together with a box designed by his own hand printed on a 3D printer.
CARACTERÍSTICAS RADIOLÓGICAS DA NEUROTOXOPLASMOSE
Authors: Conceição Daiana Lopez , Neves Thaline Mairace Hernandez das , Maldonado João Paulo , Reis Alan Timoteo Rodrigues , Lalier Rafael Teodoro Lopes
Published: October 2024

Cerebral toxoplasmosis is a major cause of brain injury in immunocompromised patients, and remains a major contributor to high morbidity rates globally. This study analyzes the radiological features of patients with neurotoxoplasmosis.
A IMPLANTAÇÃO DA BASE COMUM CURRICULAR E OS DESAFIOS NA PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL DA ESCOLA ESTADUAL SANTA LUZIA NO ANO DE 2020
Authors: Silva Ana Laura Amorim , Silva José Amauri Siqueira da , Lima Suzana Gusmão
Published: October 2024

Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar como se deu o processo de implantação da BNCC nos anos iniciais da Escola Estadual Santa Luzia, em Manaus, Amazonas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo com enfoque qualitativo de uma escola que oferece a modalidade anos iniciais de ensino fundamental I. A escola deu início ao processo de implantação da BNCC em 2020, sendo a formação de professor seu maior desafio. Este estudo se justifica pela necessidade concreta de se buscar junto a Secretaria Estadual de Educação e própria escola meios para facilitar o processo de implantação da BNCC. Foram abordadas as questões como formação inicial sobre a BNCC, formação continuada e apoio pedagógico, para identificar como essas questões influenciam no processo de implantação da BNCC. A pesquisa constatou que a Secretaria de Estadual de Educação não promoveu formação inicial para um estudo aprofundado sobre a BNCC o que dificultou a compreensão da mesma e sua aplicação na prática cotidiana no contexto da sala de aula. A falta de formação continuada também é outra questão que influenciou de maneira negativa o processo de implantação da BNCC, tendo em vista que a equipe pedagógica promoveu minimamente esses encontros formativos, deixando de atender as expectativas dos professores. Ao longo desse processo, muitas foram as dificuldades encontradas pelos professores, porém a equipe pedagógica mostrou disponibilidade em acolher esses professores e buscar meios para ajudá-los, questão essa que contribui de forma positiva para implantação da BNCC. A implantação da BNCC nos anos iniciais na escola pesquisada depende algumas questões que perpassam primeiramente a secretaria estadual de educação, pela pouca ou quase nenhuma formação oferecida no início do processo de implantação, assim como a equipe pedagógica que pouco promoveu formação continuada aos professores dificultando o conhecimento mais aprofundado sobre a BNCC, bem como a importância do apoio por parte das pedagogas e diretora aos docentes que vem se adaptando a essa nova proposta norteadora do ensino nas escolas do Brasil.
SÍNDROME CARDIORRENAL: FISIOPATOLOGIA E TRATAMENTO
Authors: Costa Gabriela Ribeiro da , Nascimento Giovanna Moura do , Chen Julia , Matos Stephanie Forabotte , Canhete Victoria Corrêa
Published: October 2024

A Síndrome Cardiorrenal (SCR) é uma condição considerada de alta complexidade e é identificada por anormalidades crônicas na função cardíaca que, como consequência, resultam igualmente em lesão e disfunção renal. Na medicina veterinária, a SCR é categorizada em cinco subtipos distintos, de I a V, variando de acordo com grau, agudização e cronificação, onde temos a anemia como um achado comum em pacientes com disfunção cardíaca e renal, caracterizando a chamada síndrome da anemia cardiorrenal. Os processos fisiopatológicos envolvidos, como não somente as alterações hemodinâmicas e ativação de sistemas neurohormonais, mas também de mecanismos compensatórios do próprio organismo que, paradoxalmente, acabam contribuindo negativamente para as funções cardíaca e renal, podem levar ao desenvolvimento da SCR em si. Em virtude da pluralidade de elementos diversos do tema a ser discutido, este trabalho visa abordar apenas a relação de fisiopatogenia e tratamento da SCR em cães, buscando aprimorar os resultados do tratamento em pacientes acometidos pela doença.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA ENFERMAGEM NO SUPORTE EMOCIONAL NO PÓS-PARTO
Authors: Lins Giovanna Lima , Dias Lethicia de Queirós , Souza Letícia Miranda , Marques Allan Bruno de Souza
Published: October 2024

Resumo: O período pós-parto, tradicionalmente considerado de seis semanas, pode variar em duração, estendendo-se desde o nascimento do bebê até a completa recuperação fisiológica da mãe. Esse período é dividido em três fases: puerpério imediato (do nascimento até o 10º dia), puerpério tardio (do 11º ao 42º dia) e puerpério remoto (do 43º dia até um ano após o parto). Durante essa fase, a mulher pode vivenciar instabilidade emocional, tornando-se suscetível a transtornos mentais. Segundo a Fiocruz (2021), cerca de 10% das gestantes e 13% das puérperas sofrem de distúrbios psicológicos, como disforia puerperal (baby blues) e depressão pós-parto. Objetivo: Buscar compreender as situações de risco psicológico que podem impactar negativamente a relação entre mãe e filho. Metodologia: Para realização da pesquisa foram utilizadas bases de dados Scientific Eletronic Librany Online (SciELO), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e Google Acadêmico, entre 2014 a 2024. Foram utilizados os seguintes descritores da saúde (DECS): Enfermagem, Puerpério, Depressão Pós-Parto, Cuidados de Enfermagem, Baby Blues, Psicose Puerperal. Os resultados e discussões foram compostos por 21 artigos. Conclusão: Ao considerar a depressão pós-parto e o baby blues como desafios significativos para a saúde pública, é fundamental unirmos esforços para garantir que todas as mães recebam o apoio necessário. Isso permitirá que elas superem essas dificuldades e estabeleçam uma base sólida para o bem-estar de suas famílias.
HIDROCEFALIA: TRATAMENTO E DANOS IRREVERSÍVEIS
Authors: Marques Jamilly Lino , Silva Isabelly Hermes , Castro Nathalia Pinheiro Minini de , Nobre Chimene Kuhn
Published: October 2024

A hidrocefalia é uma condição médica em que há um acúmulo excessivo de líquido no cérebro, resultando em aumento da pressão intracraniana, essa condição pode ser causada por diversos fatores, incluindo defeitos congênitos, lesões cerebrais, infecções e tumores cerebrais. O tratamento da hidrocefalia geralmente envolve a colocação de um shunt, um dispositivo médico que ajuda a drenar o excesso de líquido do cérebro para outras partes do corpo. Abordar sobre a hidrocefalia, seu tratamento e os danos irreversíveis que pode causar é importante por diversas razões, em primeiro lugar, a hidrocefalia é uma condição médica séria que pode afetar pessoas de todas as idades e pode ter consequências graves se não for tratada adequadamente, sendo assim, o tratamento precoce é fundamental para prevenir danos cerebrais irreversíveis e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral investigar a hidrocefalia e seus tratamentos, bem como os danos irreversíveis que podem ocorrer se a condição não for tratada adequadamente, a fim de aumentar a conscientização sobre a condição e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. As bases de dados utilizadas para a escrita do artigo foram: Google Acadêmico, Medline, PubMed, Scielo e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Os resultados foram: maior conscientização sobre a hidrocefalia e seus efeitos, melhor compreensão dos tratamentos disponíveis, desenvolvimento de novas terapias e redução dos danos irreversíveis.
AI and radiologist assessments on the prevalence of TMJ osteoarthritis using radiographic images: A comparative study
Authors: MOURAD Louloua Z. , ABO EL SAAD Nayer , EL MAHALLAWY Yehia
Published: October 2024

Objectives: This study aims to address the significant discomfort and functional impairment associated with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA), which negatively impacts the quality of life. It emphasizes the importance of prompt diagnosis and explores the potential of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) system to enhance TMJ OA diagnosis.
Methods: The prevalence of TMJ OA was evaluated using 3 diagnostic tools: the gold standard, the AI model, and an examiner. In total, 132 patients who performed 190 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were included.
Results: The prevalence of TMJ OA was 62.11% using the gold standard, 63.68% using the AI model, and 58.42% when assessed by the examiner. No gender variation in TMJ OA diagnosis was reported (p-value>0.05). Age variations were reported with the gold standard and the examiner diagnosis. When compared to the gold standard, the AI model had remarkable sensitivity (97.46%) and specificity (91.67%).
Conclusions: The AI model shows promise in enhancing the accuracy of TMJ OA diagnosis, offering potential benefits for early detection and improved patient outcomes.
Assessment of clinical performance of universal adhesives versus other adhesive systems: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials
Authors: BOURGI Rim , KHAROUF Naji , CUEVAS-SUÁREZ Carlos Enrique , KASSIS Cynthia , MONJARAS-AVILA Ana Josefina , QADDOMI Mohammad , ABI RAAD Sophie , AL HASANI Mohammed , HAIKEL Youssef , HARDAN Louis
Published: October 2024

Universal adhesives (UAs) often exhibit comparable or even superior bond strength to traditional adhesive systems, ensuring reliable and long-lasting adhesion between the resin composite and the tooth structure. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the clinical performance of UAs compared to other adhesive systems in direct resin composite restorations through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Two reviewers executed a literature search in five electronic databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Scielo. Clinical trials comparing the clinical evaluation of resin composite restorations in Class I, Class II, or Class V cavities placed with an universal adhesive (UA) system against resin composite restorations placed with another non-UA system were included in the review. An analysis was carried out using Review Manager software version 5.3.5 (London, England, United Kingdom). Standardized effect sizes with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to allow comparisons between different interventions and different outcomes. The methodological quality of each study was assessed using the Cochrane RoB2 tool for randomized clinical trials. A total of 2331 potentially relevant studies were identified. After title and abstract examination, 14 studies remained in the systematic review. From these, a total of 11 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The retention rates of resin composite restorations after 6 months showed no significant difference between total-etch (TE, p=0.83), or self-etch (SE, p=0.78) adhesives and UAs applied in TE and SE modes (p>0.05). However, UAs applied in selective-enamel etching (SEE) mode demonstrated superior clinical performance compared to other adhesives (p=0.01), particularly TE adhesives (p=0.02). Similarly, after >12 months of follow-up, there were no significant differences in retention rates among different adhesive modes (p>0.05). Additionally, the incidence of secondary caries did not significantly differ across adhesive modes at both 6-month and >12-month evaluations (p>0.05). This systematic review and meta-analysis suggested that UAs demonstrate comparable clinical performance to TE and SE adhesive systems in direct resin composite restorations, particularly in terms of restoration retention rates and the incidence of secondary caries. UAs applied in SEE mode exhibited superior clinical outcomes compared to other adhesive systems. These findings indicate that UAs can be considered a viable alternative to traditional adhesive systems in clinical practice, offering flexibility in application while maintaining comparable long-term outcomes.
Understanding the Impact: Exploring the Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention
Authors: Westover Jonathan
Published: October 2024

Employee retention is a key concern for organizations seeking to maintain talented workforces. Past research has consistently demonstrated a strong relationship between job satisfaction and employee turnover intention. However, questions remain regarding which specific factors influence satisfaction levels and how organizations can maximize this relationship to boost retention outcomes. This research brief explores the extensive foundation documenting the satisfaction-intention link and investigates satisfaction determinants with the strongest empirical backing, such as pay, leadership support, and work content. Potential moderators like employee characteristics and situational contexts are also examined. Practical strategies for addressing core satisfiers supported by real-world examples from different industries are then proposed. The brief concludes satisfaction has endured as a robust retention predictor and offers evidence-based methods for organizations seeking to strategically enhance job experiences and curb unwanted turnover through targeted satisfaction initiatives.
Síndrome de Susac
Authors: Belinaud María V. , Elias Juliana L. , Pons Rolando , Ríos-Agostini Micaela , Salas Silvia J. , Savina-Tempestti Carla A.
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Presentar un caso clínico de síndrome de Susac, patología infrecuente en la consulta ocular.
Caso clínico: Paciente masculino de 32 años de edad que consultó al servicio de guardia oftalmológica por presentar escotoma en ojo derecho de aparición aguda acompañado de amnesia y dificultad para la micción. En examen ocular se observó oclusión de rama de arteria retinal. Junto con el servicio de neurología se diagnosticó al paciente con síndrome de Susac. Durante la internación agregó síntomas auditivos y escotomas en el ojo izquierdo. Se realizó tratamiento con meprednisona, gammaglobulinas, micofenolato y ácido acetilsalicílico con respuesta favorable a ellos.
Conclusión: El síndrome de Susac afecta la microvasculatura del cerebro, de la retina y del oído interno y requiere de un abordaje multidisciplinario, como fue descrito en el presente caso. Esto es relevante tanto para su diagnóstico —mediante estudios complementarios— como para su tratamiento a través de terapia inmunosupresora oportuna y de esta forma evitar secuelas.
Machine learning and deep learning architectures and trends: A review
Authors: Rane Nitin Liladhar , Mallick Suraj Kumar , Kaya Ömer , Rane Jayesh
Published: October 2024

The arrival of machine learning (ML) together with deep learning (DL) has been revolutionizing many fields through advances in data-driven decision-making, automation, and predictive analytics. This has formed the keystone for the exploration of the most recent architectures and upcoming trends in said domains as to how they are significantly impacting other sectors. Recent ML designs, such as Transformers or graph neural networks (GNNs) in combination with neural differential equations, have found remarkable performance in tasks such as natural language processing (NLP) or recommendation systems and molecular modeling. The birth of big language models (LLMs)-from GPT-4 to BERT-has furthered the understanding and production of human languages to degrees where chatbots, translation, and content generation are advanced. At the same time, DL structures have evolved with the advent of state-of-the-art advancements, e.g., convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and generative adversarial networks (GANs), that play an essential role in areas such as image and video processing, autonomous driving, and synthetic data generation. This work focuses on how these structures may be combined with the advanced technologies of the Internet of Things with that of blockchain and quantum computing to enhance security, efficiency, and scalability for intelligent systems. Increasing trends show a concern with artificial intelligence (AI) and explainable AI (XAI) to deal with crucial problems of transparency, fairness, and accountability. The study also examines how federated learning is likely to influence privacy-driven data analysis and the surge in edge AI, which involves pushing computing closer to the source of data, reducing latency and improving real-time decision-making. This research will identify the importance of ML and DL, which is crucially important in showing the shape of technology and society in the future.
Techniques and optimization algorithms in deep learning: A review
Authors: Rane Nitin Liladhar , Mallick Suraj Kumar , Kaya Ömer , Rane Jayesh
Published: October 2024

Deep Learning (DL), a branch of Artificial Intelligence (AI), has transformed various industries by allowing machines to carry out activities that were once thought to be only possible through human intelligence. The rapid progress in deep learning methods and algorithms has played a key role in reaching unparalleled levels of accuracy and efficiency in diverse applications. This research explores the most recent and popular techniques and algorithms in deep learning, offering a detailed look at how they are created and used. Important focuses include convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for recognizing and processing images, recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and long short-term memory networks (LSTMs) for analysing sequential data and language processing, and generative adversarial networks (GANs) for generating authentic synthetic data. Moreover, the research delves into new advancements like transformers and self-attention mechanisms, which have greatly enhanced results in activities such as language translation and text generation. The research also explores new developments in transfer learning, federated learning, and explainable AI, showcasing their ability to improve model generalization, privacy, and interpretability. The study highlights the increased significance of incorporating these advanced methods across different fields such as healthcare, finance, autonomous driving, and robotics, in order to propel the upcoming wave of technological advancements. This research seeks to educate and provide direction to future research and development in the dynamic field of DL by examining advanced algorithms.
Exodontia de supranumerário mesiodens: relato de caso
Authors: Pinto Maria Fernanda Corrêa , Gonçalves Júnior Fernando dos Santos , Melo Diana Fernandes , Linhares Márcio Lopes , Pereira Natália Stefany da Silva , Souza Lizete Karla Filgueiras de , Linhares Marcela Lopes , Castelo Branco Márcio Langbeck
Published: October 2024

Teeth that are beyond the normal numbering of the mouth are considered supernumerary teeth, with 20 teeth in the deciduous dentition and 32 in the permanent dentition. Within the classifications of supernumerary teeth we have the Mesiodens, the most common supernumerary existing, located between the upper central incisors, with a higher prevalence in males. The presence of these can result in harmful factors such as: root resorption of neighboring teeth, tooth movement. The patient sought out the Pediatric Dentistry clinic at college of Amazonas – IAES to perform the evaluation and treatment of a possible supernumerary element. Imaging exams and clinical intraoral examination were performed and, after confirming the diagnosis, extraction was chosen as the best treatment for the case, since keeping the element in the mouth would disable the desired orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study is to report the surgical process for extracting Mesiodens. After surgery and two months of follow-up, it was concluded that the patient was able to continue the orthodontic treatment.
Projeto de extensão: sorriso feliz: contribuições da odontologia para a educação popular e prevenção em odontopediatria
Authors: Diana Fernandes de Melo Diana Fernandes de Melo , Ferreira Guilherme Motta Antunes , Coelho Filha Claudia Kelly Dolzany , Silva Giuliana Maia Diógenes , Cruz Karine Pinto , Gama Mario Eduardo da Mota , Rayssa Nalanda Mateus  , Anjos Rosinele Rebelo dos , Farias Yasmin da Costa
Published: October 2024

O projeto "Sorriso Feliz: Contribuições da Odontologia para a Educação Popular e Prevenção em Odontopediatria" foi implementado semanalmente na Faculdade do Amazonas/IAES, contando com a participação de alunos de graduação, voluntários e professores de Odontopediatria. Os pacientes, provenientes de Disciplinas e Cursos de Pós-Graduação do IAES, receberam palestras de prevenção e distribuição de kits de higiene bucal. O acompanhamento incluiu tratamentos complexos, como endodontia em dentes decíduos, exodontias, restaurações e prevenção com selantes, verniz de flúor e profilaxias. Os resultados revelaram que o projeto atendeu aproximadamente 300 pacientes até o segundo semestre de 2023. As intervenções abrangeram diversas práticas odontológicas, visando melhorar a saúde bucal dos pacientes. Destaca-se a eficácia de ações escolares na promoção de saúde bucal, especialmente quando envolvem pais e professores. A aplicação de verniz fluoretado em campo mostrou-se eficaz na prevenção de cáries em crianças de alto risco. Programas escolares de promoção de saúde bucal contribuíram para melhorias na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal, particularmente quando envolveram crianças, professores e pais. Como conclusão, ressalta a importância dos eventos de promoção de saúde bucal nas escolas para conscientizar e educar crianças, visando prevenir doenças bucais. No entanto, identifica-se a dificuldade em determinar o método mais eficaz, atribuindo essa complexidade a diferenças culturais, barreiras linguísticas e questões financeiras que limitam os resultados.
Effect of Main Stream Media Education on Tax Compliance among Motor Vehicles Spares Traders in Suburb Area of Nakuru Town, Kenya
Authors: Macharia Irungu , Mwangi John
Published: October 2024

A major challenge facing both developed and developing countries in the world is non- compliance with current tax laws and obligations. There are several reasons why tax payers do not comply with tax laws, including poor education, complex tax laws, low risk of being caught and a culture of corruption. In Kenya, the authority mandated with tax revenue collection is faced with the challenge of tax compliance among the tax payers. What this one means therefore is that Kenya Revenue Authority does not meet its tax collection targets. Due to tax revenue collected not being enough to finance government development and recurrent expenditure, the government is forced to turn to both domestic and foreign debts. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of main stream media education on tax compliance among motor vehicles spares traders in Suburb area of Nakuru town, Kenya. This study employed an explanatory research design. This study target population was 300 motor vehicles spare traders operating in the suburb area of Nakuru town. The sample size of the study was 150-motor vehicle spare traders operating in the Nakuru town suburb area. The study found that main stream media taxpayer education is significant in influencing taxpayers’ decisions to comply to taxation systems. The study has concluded that taxpayers’ education through main stream media enlightens the motor vehicles spare traders on the need to pay taxes. In addition, the education programmes impact positively on the ability and willingness of the tax payers to file their returns. This type of education changes the attitude of the tax payers towards paying their obligatory taxes to the tax authorities and thus, leads to increased tax revenue collection. The business traders need to acknowledge the information updated on the social media platforms, newspapers as well as the ones advertised on national televisions. The study also recommends introduction of tax education to the Kenya Education curriculum both for primary and secondary education to better prepare learners who are future tax payers to the importance of tax compliance at an early age.
Effect of Social Media Education on Tax Compliance among Motor Vehicles Spares Traders in Suburb Area of Nakuru Town, Kenya
Authors: Macharia Irungu , Mwangi John
Published: October 2024

Tax compliance is the extent to which the tax payers strive to do as per the requirement by the relevant tax laws that have been set up by countries. Compliant tax payers are those that make timely declaration of their tax positions. In addition, compliance by taxpayers is dependent on economic incentives embedded in the tax structure. Compliance with tax payers also relies on the effectiveness of the tax structure and administration in detecting and punishing non-compliant taxpayers. The objective of the study was to assess the effect of social media education on tax compliance among motor vehicles spares traders in Suburb area of Nakuru town, Kenya. This study employed an explanatory research design. This study target population was 300 motor vehicles spare traders operating in the suburb area of Nakuru town. The sample size of the study was 150-motor vehicle spare traders operating in the Nakuru town suburb area. This study collected primary data using structured questionnaires. The study found that social media education is positively related to compliance to taxation. The study concluded that it is important and significant to include the element of taxpayer education by use of social media. The study recommends that the KRA needs to scale up its social media engagement of the enlightenment of taxpayers since the use of social media platforms is very convenient given the advent and advantages brought about by use of smartphone technology
Financial Characteristics and Market Value Added for Non-Financial Firms Listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange in Kenya
Authors: Kariuki Kithinji Denis , Simiyu Eddie
Published: October 2024

This study intended at assessing why in the recent past, market value added for most firms in Kenya has been on a downward streak, and whether their financial characteristics manipulate their market value-added, or otherwise. The specific objectives included: to investigate the effect of firms’ total assets, investment strategies, effective tax rate, and assets utilization on firms’ market value-added. The research paper embraced a descriptive research design. The target population was 36 non-financial businesses listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange. Panel regression analysis was used. The findings indicated that effective tax rates had a negative and considerable impression on the market value-added of non-financial corporations. Further, conclusions divulged that investment patterns had a constructive and foremost effect on the market value-added of non-financial firms. Though, the size of a firm and assets utilization had no significant influence on the market value-added of non-financial firms. The study concluded that effective tax rates and investment patterns are significant determinants of market value added on non-financial firms. The study advocated that the government should contemplate slashing the tax rates correlated to non-financial firms. The management of non-financial firms should develop apt investment models to guide and inform the way a firm makes key investment determinations.
Teachers’ Perception Towards Transfer of School Heads and Its Effect on Students’ Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Nyeri County, Kenya
Authors: Wekesa Petronilla , Mbirithi Daniel , Otieno Daniel
Published: October 2024

Transfer of school heads has been one of the major concerns in the educational sector whereby the concerned authority always formulates and implements policies that will ensure students meet the set standards for quality education. The purpose of the study was to establish teachers’ perceptions towards the transfer of school heads and their effects on students’ performance. The study is guided by expected utility theory and adopted a descriptive survey design. The target population was 2995 teachers, where a sample of 121 teachers was selected using a simple random sampling technique. The findings of the study reveal that teachers’ perception towards the transfer of school heads had a positive and significant effect on student performance. The study recommends that the Teachers service commission should develop a program aimed at creating awareness to teachers on the importance of transfer of school heads. The program should focus on changing teachers’ perceptions towards school heads transfer, which was found to significantly influence student academic performance.
Job Experience and Personal Financial Management Among Finance Managers of Insurance Companies in Kenya
Authors: Mwarangu Fatuma , Ngaba Dominic
Published: October 2024

Personal finance management is important so that people can manage personal finances and make informed financial and economic decisions. People with weak personal financial abilities are vulnerable to financial stress, which can harm their physical and mental health. The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between job experience and personal financial management among finance managers of insurance companies in Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive research design and targeted finance managers from 53 licensed insurance companies in Kenya. Data was collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. Results indicated that job experience explained 34.9 percent of variations in personal financial management. Further, the findings revealed a positive and significant relationship between job experience and personal financial management (β=0.076, p=.000). The study concluded that job experience had a positive and significant effect on the personal financial management of finance managers. The study recommended that employees should use their financial literacy knowledge and experience gained in the insurance sector to employ investment practices in their personal finances.
Effect of Management Competence on Financial Sustainability of Community Conservancies in Northern Kenya
Authors: Lekaldero Evans Riat , Ndegwa James , Omanwa Clemence
Published: October 2024

The survival and expansion of organizations all over the world depend on their capacity to maintain their financial viability. Community conservancies in Kenya struggle to survive and grow financially. This paper sought to assess the effect of management competence on the financial sustainability of community conservancies in Northern Kenya. The study was anchored on the agency theory. It adopted the explanatory research design and a cross-sectional approach. Primary data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings indicated that management competence had a positive and significant effect on the financial sustainability of community conservancies in Kenya. The study concluded that management competence positively contributes to enhanced financial sustainability. The study recommended that community conservancies management should strengthen aspects related to management competence. There should be a proper delegation of duties aimed at empowering employees. Managers should demonstrate the right attitude, skills, and knowledge.
Challenges Encountered by the Deans, Chairs of the Academic Departments, and the Faculty in Training of Quality Graduates in the Universities
Authors: Kanyiri Ikiara, Lucy
Published: October 2024

Training of quality graduates in the universities requires a multifaceted approach at all levels of management. Universities having been accredited it is presumed that they have policies in place, appropriate curricula, resources, appropriate management structures, processes, and best management practices to support the training of quality graduates. Deans, Chairs of Academic departments, and faculty are key in ensuring that training of quality graduates is successfully attained by facilitating curriculum development, implementation and leadership, effective teaching and learning, and faculty support. This is made possible by identifying management practices that are important for each key area to ensure effectiveness and efficiency. However, the literature available indicates that Deans, Chairs of Academic departments, and faculty are not able to successfully identify and implement these best management practices due to several challenges encountered in day-to-day activities. These challenges affect the entire process of producing holistic graduates.  Therefore, the study set out to establish the challenges encountered by the Deans, Chairs of Departments, and faculty staff in implementing management practices in the universities with a view to training quality graduates. The research used a descriptive survey research design. The target population was the universities in Kenya where six universities were sampled. The study revealed that there exist challenges that limit deans, chairs of departments, and faculty in producing holistic graduates in the universities. Based on the findings there is a need to review policies on staff loading, resource allocation, and institutionalizing rewards systems.
Legal Framework and Financial Corporate Compliance in Public Universities in Kenya
Authors: Chokaa Vincent , Baimwera (PhD) Dr. Bernard , Mugambi (PhD) Dr. Ken , Senaji (PhD) Prof. Thomas A.
Published: October 2024

One of the important components of corporate governance that improves accountability and transparency in an institution's financial management is financial corporate compliance. The emergence of alarming cases of financial impropriety in Kenya's public universities has intensified the demand for financial accountability in the public sector and exposed the boards and management to increasing scrutiny. Public organizations have reported cases of inadequate or absent financial compliance, and public universities have also cited comparable circumstances in audit reports. It is unclear, however, what the causes of this compliance are or what function corporate governance plays in it. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the legal framework on financial corporate compliance at Kenya's public universities. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The study's target population was 40 accredited public universities in Kenya. The data were gathered through the use of extensive, quasi-structured questionnaires. The study used descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution tables, percentages, and measures of central tendency such as the mean. Chi-square and correlation analysis were used to establish the relationship between the study variables. The study discovered that the legal framework had a considerable impact on financial corporation compliance during the study period and had a favorable impact on it. These results show that Kenya's public universities are accredited by the commission on higher education and operate by its rules, which increases financial corporate compliance.  The study recommends all public universities to be keeping track of all activities required to be adhered to by the public institution finance department more regularly to ensure the smooth running of the institutions. It is also recommended the university management facilitate regular training for the officers in the finance department to equip them with the relevant information of the newly amended policies by the government to govern the finances used to run public universities.
Working Capital Management and Financial Performance of Deposit Taking Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies in Central Region, Kenya
Authors: Wangechi Samuel Wanjohi , Irungu Dr. Anthony Mugetha
Published: October 2024

The goal of the investigation was to determine the effect of management of working capital on the financial performance of deposit-taking SACCOs in Central Region, Kenya. The investigation sought the impact of accounts receivable, accounts payable management, and cash management on performance. The theoretical literature review concentrated on conversion Cycle Theory, agency theory, transaction cost theory, and pecking order theory. The study adopted a causal research design. In this investigation, 27 DT SACCOs in Central Region, Kenya were the target population. Due to small and manageable size of the SACCOs, the study used a census. Five years of secondary data was collected (2017- 2021). The data was analyzed using descriptive, trend analysis and panel regression. The investigation indicated that cash management had a progressive and noteworthy coefficient of (β was 0.219, p was 0.000). The findings further confirms that accounts receivable management had a progressive and noteworthy influence on financial success of the SACCOs (β was 0.005, p=0.002). Further, accounts payable management had a negative and unworthy effect on financial success of the SACCOs (β was -0.004, p was 0.081).  Government and the Ministry of Cooperatives could create policies that are fit for the execution of cash management and accounts receivable practices in SACCOs. This will enhance efficiency and uniformity in the adoption and use of working capital practices in SACCOs. SACCOs should invest more in cash management practices since it had the highest impact on financial performance. Also, the report suggests that SACCOs establish a norm of standard liquidity place to lower the risk of losses due to excess cash at the workplace, which could arm the performance of SMEs. However, SACCOs should not emphasize accounts payable since it did not affect their financial performance.
Financial Management Practices and Quality of Financial Governance of Nairobi City County Government, Kenya
Authors: Murigi Elias Mwangi , Musau Dr. Salome
Published: October 2024

The financial statement Auditor General report of Nairobi County Government has had unfavorable audit opinions since the establishment of County Government in 2013. An unfavorable opinion means the auditor has gathered sufficient audit evidence and concluded that the financial statements include material and extensive inaccuracies. This study sought to investigate the effect of financial management practices on quality of financial governance in Nairobi City County Government, Kenya. The study's target population was 425 employees of Nairobi City County Government's finance and economic planning division. Using a stratified random sampling technique, a sample of 85 employees was chosen. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results revealed that revenue mobilization strategy, budgetary techniques, financial reporting, and integrated financial management system had a positive and significant influence on quality of financial governance. The study recommended that counties and other local governments should ensure there is sufficient revenue administration and mobilization policies, budgeting, and financial reporting policies as well as proper utilization of integrated financial management system to achieve quality financial governance.