bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of chromium addition and cooling rate on Kinetic and microstructural evolution in FexCr100-x Metallic Glasses
Authors: Assouli Soufiane , El Hafi Tarik , El Kharraz Abdelaziz , Jabraoui Hicham , Bajjou Omar , Lachtioui Youssef
Published: December 2023

In this study, we utilized molecular dynamics simulations with the embedded-atom approach to explore how different cooling rates and concentrations of chromium (Cr) affect the vitrification of metallic glasses (MGs) composed of a binary alloy FexCr100-x. We assessed this impact by analyzing the glass transition temperature (Tg) and the activation enthalpy (Δh). The results reveal an interesting non-linear trend in the activation energy. Specifically, there is a sharp decrease observed at a chromium concentration of 50%, followed by a slight increase at the 75% concentration level. These kinetic observations are linked to microstructural data obtained through Voronoi polyhedral analysis (VPA). However, it's worth noting that the influence of varying cooling rates on the vitrification process appears to be relatively modest.
CFD Validation of Wall Laws in K-ω SST Model for Adverse Pressure Gradient-Free Downward Flow
Authors: Belhadad Tarik , Kanna Anass , El Rhafiki T. , Elyamani Nacer Eddine El Kadri
Published: December 2023

This study introduces a validation investigation employing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to assess the utilization of the Consistent Wall Law (CWL) in tandem with the K-Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulence model, specifically in scenarios characterized by downward flow without adverse pressure gradients. The precise prediction of turbulent flows near walls is of paramount significance in the realm of engineering applications. The CWL is meticulously designed to enhance the precision of near-wall turbulence modeling by ensuring a harmonious alignment between wall functions and the flow field. To gauge the performance of CWL in the challenging context of downward flows marked by adverse pressure gradients, we conducted numerical simulations using a commercial CFD solver. The results reveal a substantial improvement in agreement with experimental data, particularly in critical near-wall regions. CWL effectively showcases its prowess in managing adverse pressure gradients and offering precise predictions for wall-related parameters. Moreover, we executed a sensitivity analysis to explore the durability of CWL across various parameter variations, confirming its effectiveness and trustworthiness. This research significantly contributes to a more profound comprehension of turbulence modeling, thereby facilitating the generation of more accurate predictions in intricate flow scenarios that are pertinent to engineering applications.
New fuzzy control design for photovoltaic system using LMI technique
Authors: Aboulkassim Abdeljabar , Kririm Said , Arjdal El hanafi , Ben Hmamou Driss
Published: December 2023

The T-S Fuzzy model-based technique (T-S: Takagi-Sugeno) is used in this research to offer a new fuzzy state feedback control for solar systems with output charge. We discuss a DC-DC boost converter to manage the output power of a solar panel array under shifting meteorological circumstances. To reach optimal power point, a T-S reference model is employed to create a fuzzy state feedback control that must be tracked. Solving a series of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) yields controller gains. Furthermore, the proposed solution reduces the oscillation disadvantage near the highest power point while simultaneously shortening the tracking time. Finally, simulation of the solar system employing the proposed state feedback control shows that the proposed approach is effective even in the face of climate change.
Optimization of Energy Consumption through Industrial Maintenance
Authors: Bakdid Amar , Elkihel Ali , Elkihel Bachir
Published: December 2023

Within rotating machines, tiny imperfections can cause significant vibration amplifications, representing a risk to their proper functioning while leading to a deterioration in the quality and quantity of production. This study examines the impact of unbalance defects on the energy consumption of an industrial system, through the application of two complementary methods: vibration analysis and infrared thermography.
Data-driven traffic incident detection in urban roads based on machine learning algorithms
Authors: Ayou Meryem , Trardi Youssef , Chakir Loqman , Boumhidi Jaouad
Published: December 2023

Known issues such as traffic congestion, pollution, and travel delays are mainly caused by incidents in urban roads, so incidents need to be detected for better management. This paper describes various machine learning algorithms for incident detection, like Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF) and long short-term memory network (LSTM). To assess the effectiveness of these models, simulated data were generated through the utilization of the open-source software SUMO. And the obtained results show that the LSTM achieve a good performance when it’s compared to SVM and Random Forest.
A curious swelling of the lingual gingiva: case report
Authors: Strokov Svyat , Raybaud Hélène , Cardot-Leccia Nathalie , Voha Christine
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Melanocytic nevi are benign tumors composed of nevus cell, thought to be derived from the neural crest. While they are unusual in the oral mucosa, they contrastingly represent the most diagnosed pigmented lesion on the skin. Observations: A 68-year-old woman presented with an asymptomatic ”epulis-like”, pale pink swelling of the lingual gingiva and slowly growing in the last 6 months. Excisional biospy was performed with a hypothesis of fibroma but the histopathologic examination revealed surprisingly an achromic intramucosal nevus. Conclusion:  The unusual appearance in these cases suggests that oral melanocytic nevi should be included as a rare possibility in the differential diagnosis of swellings in the gingiva, regardless of their clinical pigmentation.
Perversion: Possibilities of A Decentralized Democracy
Authors: Hadavand Ali
Published: December 2023

In this article, we discuss a function of the “perversion” which, although there are in the basic concepts of psychoanalysis, from Freud to Lacan, but in the continues of article it “perverse” from that path to expand and develop from within and articulate itself with some concepts from other realms and look for an alternative approach to explain and intervene in the theoretical and practical world. This approach is a montage of the concepts of psychoanalysis, philosophy, politics and sociology, that the main problematic of which is obtain a critical understanding of our current social situation in the context of the transformations of contemporary history and finally to think about the “politics of the future”. For this reason, wherever we talk about “perversion”, we should absolutely not rely on its pathological meaning, but should see it as a pure form and process.

With this perspective, we will first discuss Freud’s formulation of fetishism and we trace it in Lacan’s works and the distinction he makes between desire and drive. In the following, we try to keep going on our argument by a pluralistic point of view, in accordance with the plurality of drives, instead of a unitarian point of view to man and society. For this purpose, we go beyond psychoanalysis and discuss the concept of the drive according to Leibniz and Nietzsche, as well as the concept of “Becoming-Woman” by Deleuze and Guattari and we fold it again on the concept of “feminine jouissance’s Lacan to measure that’s relationship with queer feminism and its social and political implications.

The central question of this article is what effect does the decline of patriarchal functions and Oedipal structures in the late modernity have on the dynamism of desire and drive and various social and political morphogenesis based on it? The political claim of this article is that theology, patriarchy, and capitalism are historically integrated in the nation-state form and then by looking at the experience of the revolutionary movement of “woman, life, freedom” in Iran, we seek to provide a new analytical and discursive framework to think about anti-authority social movements which seeks to establish a horizontal and egalitarian social geometry instead of the vertical and oppressive ruling geometry.
Le signifiant « autorité » comme levier pour un traitement psychanalytique bref
Authors: Dubreil Jean-Malo
Published: December 2023

La psychanalyse a la réputation d’être un traitement de longue durée. Pourtant, il existe, y compris en France, des psychologues proposant des thérapies brèves, orientées par la psychanalyse. À partir de ce constat, cet article pose la question de l’application de la psychanalyse au sein d’établissements accueillant des patients en souffrance psychique. Notre hypothèse est qu’il est possible de proposer, dans ces lieux, des traitements psychodynamiques limités dans le temps. En ce sens, l’auteur témoigne de sa pratique en institution à travers la présentation d’un cas clinique. Il montre comment, avec l’appui du transfert, une patiente dépliera sa problématique à partir de la mise en relief du signifiant « autorité ». Elle découvrira l’impact que ce dernier a sur elle depuis son enfance, jusque dans sa vie amoureuse actuelle. Des effets thérapeutiques rapides en découleront.
Blood Rheology and Hemodynamics
Authors: Baskurt Oguz K. , Meiselman Herbert J.
Published: December 2023

Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis (STH) celebrates 50 years of publishing in 2024. To celebrate this landmark event, STH is republishing some archival material. This article represents the most highly cited paper ever published in STH. The original abstract follows.

Blood is a two-phase suspension of formed elements (i.e., red blood cells [RBCs], white blood cells [WBCs], platelets) suspended in an aqueous solution of organic molecules, proteins, and salts called plasma. The apparent viscosity of blood depends on the existing shear forces (i.e., blood behaves as a non-Newtonian fluid) and is determined by hematocrit, plasma viscosity, RBC aggregation, and the mechanical properties of RBCs. RBCs are highly deformable, and this physical property significantly contributes to aiding blood flow both under bulk flow conditions and in the microcirculation. The tendency of RBCs to undergo reversible aggregation is an important determinant of apparent viscosity because the size of RBC aggregates is inversely proportional to the magnitude of shear forces; the aggregates are dispersed with increasing shear forces, then reform under low-flow or static conditions. RBC aggregation also affects the in vivo fluidity of blood, especially in the low-shear regions of the circulatory system. Blood rheology has been reported to be altered in various physiopathological processes: (1) Alterations of hematocrit significantly contribute to hemorheological variations in diseases and in certain extreme physiological conditions; (2) RBC deformability is sensitive to local and general homeostasis, with RBC deformability affected by alterations of the properties and associations of membrane skeletal proteins, the ratio of RBC membrane surface area to cell volume, cell morphology, and cytoplasmic viscosity. Such alterations may result from genetic disorders or may be induced by such factors as abnormal local tissue metabolism, oxidant stress, and activated leukocytes; and (3) RBC aggregation is mainly determined by plasma protein composition and surface properties of RBCs, with increased plasma concentrations of acute phase reactants in inflammatory disorders a common cause of increased RBC aggregation. In addition, RBC aggregation tendency can be modified by alterations of RBC surface properties because of RBC in vivo aging, oxygen-free radicals, or proteolytic enzymes. Impairment of blood fluidity may significantly affect tissue perfusion and result in functional deteriorations, especially if disease processes also disturb vascular properties.
Gemeinsam mehr erreichen
Authors: Pintarelli-Rauschenbach Manuela
Published: December 2023

Kurz vor Redaktionsschluss erreicht uns noch diese erfreuliche Nachricht: Nach langen und zähen
Auseinandersetzungen hat der VPT, gemeinsam mit den anderen Berufsverbänden, eine Vergütungserhöhung von
+ 6,44 Prozent mit den Kostenträgern verhandelt. Ein wirklich toller Erfolg und eine gute Basis für
die nächsten Verhandlungsrunden, die sich selbstverständlich anschließen werden (► Seite 15).
Hydrotherapie bei nicht organischen Schlafstörungen: eine randomisierte, 3-armige
interventionelle Studie
Authors: Eggensberger Andreas , Jüster Markus , Schumann Christian
Published: December 2023

Nicht organische Schlafstörungen können als Symptom psychischer Erkrankungen auftreten und werden basierend
auf den subjektiv dominanten Symptomen in nicht organische Insomnie oder Hypersomnie, Störung des
Schlaf-Wach-Rhythmus, Schlafwandeln, Pavor nocturnus, Albträume und andere nicht organische Schlafstörungen
klassifiziert 1. Eine mögliche Ursache der Insomnie könnte eine erhöhte
Aktivität des Sympathikus sein 2.
Corporate governance transfers: the case of mergers and acquisitions
Authors: Hussain Tanveer , Tunyi Abongeh A. , Agyemang Jacob
Published: December 2023

We study changes in corporate governance around mergers and acquisitions by comparing the ex-post corporate governance of the combined firm with the ex-ante weighted average governance of the bidder and target. We find that when the quality of the bidder governance is better than the target before the acquisition, the ex-post corporate governance quality of the combined firm is better than the ex-ante weighted average of each firm. We document post-acquisition improvement in the combined firm’s board independence, audit committee independence, stock compensation, and minority shareholders protection, proposing that these firm-level attributes serve as potential channels to explain better corporate governance quality of the combined firm. The operating performance of the combined firm also improves when the bidder’s pre-deal governance quality is better than the target. Our results support the portability theory of corporate governance, suggesting that poorly governed targets are better off if acquired by better-governed bidders.
Heating of nanoparticles and their environment by laser radiation and applications
Authors: Pustovalov Victor K.
Published: December 2023

This review considers the fundamental dynamic processes involved in the laser heating of metal nanoparticles and their subsequent cooling. Of particular interest are the absorption of laser energy by nanoparticles, the heating of a single nanoparticle or an ensemble thereof, and the dissipation of the energy of nanoparticles due to heat exchange with the environment. The goal is to consider the dependences and values of the temperatures of the nanoparticles and the environment, their time scales, and other parameters that describe these processes. Experimental results and analytical studies on the heating of single metal nanoparticles by laser pulses are discussed, including the laser thresholds for initiating subsequent photothermal processes, how temperature influences the optical properties, and the heating of gold nanoparticles by laser pulses. Experimental studies of the heating of an ensemble of nanoparticles and the results of an analytical study of the heating of an ensemble of nanoparticles and the environment by laser radiation are considered. Nanothermometry methods for nanoparticles under laser heating are considered, including changes in the refractive indices of metals and spectral thermometry of optical scattering of nanoparticles, Raman spectroscopy, the thermal distortion of the refractive index of an environment heated by a nanoparticle, and thermochemical phase transitions in lipid bilayers surrounding a heated nanoparticle. Understanding the sequence of events after radiation absorption and their time scales underlies many applications of nanoparticles. The application fields for the laser heating of nanoparticles are reviewed, including thermochemical reactions and selective nanophotothermolysis initiated in the environment by laser-heated nanoparticles, thermal radiation emission by nanoparticles and laser-induced incandescence, electron and ion emission of heated nanoparticles, and optothermal chemical catalysis. Applications of the laser heating of nanoparticles in laser nanomedicine are of particular interest. Significant emphasis is given to the proposed analytical approaches to modeling and calculating the heating processes under the action of a laser pulse on metal nanoparticles, taking into account the temperature dependences of the parameters. The proposed models can be used to estimate the parameters of lasers and nanoparticles in the various application fields for the laser heating of nanoparticles.
Effects of soil and foliar applications of iron with or without nitrogen on production and nutritional quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)
Authors: Poblaciones Maria J. , García-Latorre Carlos , Martinez Manuel , Velazquez Rocio
Published: December 2023

Context Iron (Fe) is an essential nutrient; however, it is deficient in the diets of millions of people globally, resulting in anaemia. Agronomic biofortification has been shown to be effective in alleviating Fe deficiency. Aims We evaluated the efficacy of soil and foliar applications of Fe with or without nitrogen (N) on floret and plant yield, and nutritional properties of broccoli (cv. Parthenon), in order to assess biofortification potential. Methods A greenhouse experiment comprised seven treatments: (1) control, no Fe or N application; (2) soil application of Fe (10 mg FeSO4.7H2O/kg before transplanting); (3) soil application of Fe + foliar application of N (0.4% (w/v) calcium ammonium nitrate at floret emergence); (4) foliar application of Fe (0.5% (w/v) FeSO4.7H2O at floret emergence); (5) foliar applications of Fe and N; (6) soil + foliar applications of Fe; (7) soil application of Fe + foliar applications of Fe and N. Key results Foliar Fe application with N and/or with soil Fe significantly increased commercial floret weight relative to the control (>62.5 vs 46 g), whereas treatments without foliar Fe (i.e. soil Fe alone or with N) did not differ from the control. Similarly, treatments with foliar Fe generally significantly increased floret diameter, whereas those without foliar Fe did not. Treatments with foliar Fe significantly increased floret Fe concentration (>10-fold), resulting in highly available Fe, with phytic acid:Fe molar ratios <0.2, and higher antioxidant activity and polyphenol content. Conclusions Foliar application of Fe, especially in combination with N, is the most efficient and effective application method, not only for biofortification purposes but also for productivity and for enhancing bioactive compounds in broccoli. Implications This study opens the door to implementation of effective and economically viable Fe biofortification programs with broccoli and other crops.
People are less myopic about future than past collective outcomes
Authors: Prior Markus , Alsharawy Abdelaziz , Andrews Talbot M.
Published: December 2023

Myopia involves giving disproportionate weight to outcomes that occur close to the present. Myopia in people’s evaluations of political outcomes and proposals threatens effective policymaking. It can lead to inefficient spending just before elections, cause inaction on important future policy challenges, and create incentives for government interventions aimed at boosting short-term performance at the expense of long-term welfare. But, are people generally myopic? Existing evidence comes mostly from studies that disregard either the future or collective outcomes. Political science characterizes people as myopic based on how they retrospectively evaluate collective outcomes, such as the state of the economy. Behavioral economics and psychology find that people make myopic choices involving future individual outcomes, such as money or personal health. To characterize myopia more generally, we offer two innovations: First, we adapt measurement approaches from behavioral economics and psychology to precisely gauge myopia over politically relevant collective outcomes. Second, we estimate myopia using the same approach for collective political outcomes in both past and future. We conduct two surveys on three different samples (including a large probability-based sample) asking respondents to evaluate national conditions randomly described as past or future while holding constant the domain, information about conditions, and the elicitation method. Results show that prospective evaluations are significantly less myopic than retrospective evaluations. People are often not myopic at all when looking to the future. This surprising pattern calls for more research to probe its robustness and spell out how low prospective myopia might lead to forward-looking policy.
The Impact of Bias Row Noise to Photometric Accuracy: Case Study Based on a Scientific CMOS Detector
Authors: Shao Li , Zhan Hu , Liu Chao , Chi Haonan , Luo Qiuyan , Mu Huaipu , Shi Wenzhong
Published: December 2023

We tested a new model of CMOS detector manufactured by the Gpixel Inc, for potential space astronomical application. In laboratory, we obtain some bias images under the typical application environment. In these bias images, clear random row noise pattern is observed. The row noise also contains some characteristic spatial frequencies. We quantitatively estimated the impact of this feature to photometric measurements, by making simulated images. We compared different bias noise types under strict parameter control. The result shows the row noise will significantly deteriorate the photometric accuracy. It effectively increases the readout noise by a factor of 2–10. However, if it is properly removed, the image quality and photometric accuracy will be significantly improved.
Sublethal Effects of Lambda-Cyhalothrin, Imidacloprid, and Indoxacarb on Some of the Behavioral and Physiological Patterns of German Cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae)
Authors: Rajab A M , Moravvej G , Asoodeh A
Published: December 2023

German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.), is a common household pets and a serious global public health risk. This study aimed to investigate the sublethal effects of lambda-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid, and indoxacarb on aggregation behavior, sexual communication, feeding efficiency, bodyweight, and nutritional indices of B. germanica. However, the study showed that the LD10 and LD25 doses of these insecticides impaired aggregation behavior and sexual communication of B. germanica; In addition, the data analyses of Excess Proportion Index (EPI), indicated that the aggregation response and sexual communication of adult cockroaches were decreased due to its exposure to LD10 and LD25 compared to the control treatment (LD0). Although the cockroaches’ food intake increased, their bodyweight decreased after being exposed to LD10 and LD25 compared with the control treatment. Moreover, a negative impact of LD10 and LD25 was observed on some nutritional indices e.g. approximate digestibility (AD), relative growth rate (RGR), and efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD). On the other hand, the LD10 and LD25 have positively affected on other nutritional indices, including efficient conversion of ingested food (ECI) and relative consumption rate (RCR) when compared with control group. This study showed that the sublethal effects of lambda-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid, and indoxacarb employed to control insect pests widely, have considerable effects on the insect’s behavioral and physiological patterns.
Estimation of secondary compounds content of some citrus leaves and their relationship by dietary preference for yellow scale insect Aonidiella. Orientalis (Hemiptera: Diaspididae)
Authors: AlShammary N S , Omran A M
Published: December 2023

The yellow scale insect Aonidiella orientalis is an important pest of citrus trees as it absorbs sap from leaves and fruits, causing leaves to turn yellow and deform fruits and drop them. The results of study showed nutritional preference of the insect over some of studied citrus species, as sour orange was the most preferred, followed by lemon and grapefruit, mandarin and oranges were least preferred, with a rate of 22.3, 13.3, 11.7, 10.8, 3.9, and insect / 2 inch2, respectively. while results showed a difference in the content of citrus leaves from the secondary compounds, with highest concentration of phenols and total flavonoids in orange leaves compared to the lowest concentration in grapefruit, the highest concentration of alkaloids was in sour orange compared to the lowest concentration in lemons. highest concentration of total terpenes was in lemon and the lowest concentration was in orange, as for concentration of Lemonic acid, the highest concentration was in lemon leaves, and the lowest was in grapefruit, sour orange, mandarin and orange, respectively. The results also showed that Ascorbic acid in citrus gave the highest concentration in sour orange leaves, and the lowest was in lemon, grapefruit, mandarin and orange, respectively.
Induction of Resistance in Mandarin Fruits Against Penicillium digitatum, the Causative Agent of Green Mold Infection
Authors: AbdulKarem R R , Aljarah N S
Published: December 2023

This study was conducted at the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences / University of Baghdad during 2021-2022. This work aimed to evaluate the efficiency of Sodium Bicarbonate(SB) and Phylex to protect and induce mandarin fruits’ resistance against the green mold pathogen, Penicillium digitatum at 4ºCstorage conditions. The molecular diagnosis by PCR technology using the primers ITS1 and ITS4, confirmed the identification of P. digitatum. The genetic tree showed that the two Iraqi isolates(K1andK2) were belonging to one group, matched by 98% with the universal isolates registered in the GenBank of China (MZ8819 and MT448740.1) and Portugal(OK0949001). The best treatment method was when the wounded fruits were immersed in Phylex at 4ml/ liter for an hour, then inoculated with a drop of fungal spore’s suspension (103 spores.ml-1). In this treatment, no fungal infection was observed on the fruits after 42days compared to the Inoculation with P.digitatum(15.27%) under refrigerated condition(4ºC). The highest rate of peroxidase (POX) and Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity was reported 194.22, unite (estimated based on the changes of spectrophotometer OD / minute / gram fresh weight) and 26.33 µg cinnamic acid / hour / gram fresh weight respectively. The above results indicated that the Phylex was more efficient to induce fruit’s resistance against P.
Chlorophyll Content Variation in Wheat Genotypes Planted in Semi-Arid Region
Authors: Hashem L F , Al-Issawi M H
Published: December 2023

To achieve better productivity and fill the shortage caused by population increase and decrease of current wheat genotypes productivity. As a part of many studies, this study came to distinguish 21 wheat genotypes about their chlorophyll content in comparison with 3 local varieties eventually electing the superior genotypes in chlorophyll content and associated with high yield which are suitable for arid and semi-arid areas. Functioning chlorophyll enables crops to maintain photosynthesis capacity for a longer time after anthesis under the condition of water and heat stresses and this leads to longer grain filling periods and eventually higher yield. All wheat genotypes (24 genotypes) were planted according to RCBD in a research station of the College of Agriculture/ University of Anbar, western IRAQ. The findings of this study indicated genotypes with high yield and have considerable chlorophyll content, especially after flowering including “4, 6, 7, 9, 29, 31, 39, 41” and therefore can be nominated for plant breeding programs. In addition, those genotypes can be used for production in the region of western Iraq. Further studies and investigations are required to reach considerable stability in those genotypes.
Effect of Planting Date and Spraying of Kinetin on some Growth and Flowering Characteristics of Fennel (foeniculum vulgar mill)
Authors: Hashim Y R , Mheidi U H
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during the winter season 2021-2022 in Fallujah - Anbar Governorate located at 43 east longitude and 33 north latitude, in order to study the effect of three planting dates (15/11, 1/12 and 15/12) and three concentratin of kinetin (0, 75 and 150 mgl−1) on some growth and flowering characteristics of Fennel. were studied according to the split plot design according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD) and with three Replications, sowing dates occupied the main plot, while the concentrations of kinetin occupied the secondary plot. The results showed that there was a significant effect of planting dates, where the second date (1/12) was superior to giving it the highest average of plant height, number of branches per plant, leaf chlorophyll content, plant dry weight, and number of primary and secondary inflorescences per plant. Also, spraying with cyanine at a high concentration of 150 mg L−1 improved the characteristics of vegetative growth (plant height, number of branches per plant, leaf content of chlorophyll, dry weight of the plant) and flowering characteristics (primary and secondary inflorescences). The interaction between the study factors was the behavior of the individual factors in their effect on most of the studied traits, where the positive effect was in the interaction treatment between the second date and the concentration of 150 mg L−1 by giving it the highest average number of main inflorescences in the plant (96.01 inflorescences−1).
Controlling Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Fertility with Bio-Nutrition
Authors: Ai-Saadi M I H , Al-Hilfy I H H
Published: December 2023

To investigate the effects of certain plant extracts and seaweed on the yield and quality of three sunflower cultivars, as well as their fertility rate. A field experiment was carried out in the Al-Yousifiyah region - Al-Rasheed district, during the spring season of 2022, in one of the fields dominated by the Dabbana Modern Agricultural Equipment factors. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was utilized in a split-plot with three replications. The main plots included five nutrition treatments (spraying BMstart biostimulants, spraying Alga600 seaweed extract, adding Seek (bamboo plant residue), and spraying Moringa leaf extract, with water as the control treatment), and the sub – plot included three cultivars (Lilo, Ishaqi-2, and Flamy). The results demonstrated the superiority of Alga600 seaweed extract with a weight of 1000 seeds (103.78 g) and the number of seeds per head (2162.73 seeds head−1). Whereas the Moringa leaf extract was superior in terms of head diameter (28.48 cm), fertility rate (96.410%), seed yield (4.980 tons h−1) and oil percentage (45.61%). The Ishaqi-2 cultivar exhibited the highest seed production (5.222 tons h−1), however the Flamy cultivar revealed the highest fertility (96.63%) and oil percentage (43.20%), consequently. we advocate planting the Ishaqi-2 cultivar and implementing moringa leaf extract to boost output by 17%.
Effect of Spraying Brassinolide on the Growth and Yield of Varieties Triticum Aestivum L
Authors: Kanoosh O A , Jaber M , Salih M A , Azzam M R , Mahameed S S , Sabed M
Published: December 2023

The study was conducted during the season 2020-2021 in the Ramadi city western Iraq. In order to know the effect of Brassinolide on the growth characteristics and yield of three varieties of wheat (Abu-Ghreib, IPA-99 and Bhooth 10). A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) arranged according to split-plots used with three replicates and 36 experimental units, four concentrations of Brassinolide (0, 2, 4, 6 mg L−1) were used in Main-plots (B0, B1, B2, B3) respectively, which was sprayed when flowering started. While three varieties of wheat (Abu-Ghreib, IPA-99 and Bhooth-10) were used in sub-plots (V1, V2, V3) respectively. The Concentration B3, variety V3, and the overlap B2×V3 gave the highest rates of grain yield, as it reached (9.95, 9.96 and 12.97 t.ha−1) respectively. As for the weight of 1000 grain no significant differences were shown among the concentrations of Brassinolide, while the variety V3 was significantly superior (35.23 g), there were no significant differences between the two study factors. Superiority of concentration B3, the variety V2 and the overlap B3×V2 by giving the highest mean for the trait of the number of grains per spike (56.70, 50.68 and 65.33 grain.spike−1) respectively. Superiority the concentration B3 and variety V3 by giving the highest mean the number of spikes per square meter (707.56 and 703.45 spike.m2) respectively, no significant differences appeared between the two factors of the study.
Topographical and Hydrological Investigations for the Design of a Drainage Network the Fields of the College of Agriculture are a Model
Authors: Frhan W S , Hazeem A M
Published: December 2023

In order In order to study the changes that occur in groundwater, the degree of its salinity, the percentage of sodium adsorption, and the total amount of dissolved salts in the samples taken from 35 wells within the study area before starting the drainage operations procedures and comparing them with what happens after the drainage operations begin. An area of 300,000 square meters was selected within the southern fields of the College of Agriculture In the University of Anbar, which is already suffering from the problem of the rise in the ground water level due to the presence of a water source that is considered as a source of nourishment for the ground water within the fields of the college. The results showed that there was a discrepancy in the depths of the groundwater, as the groundwater level decreased to 120 cm after the start of the drainage works, while its level was 87 cm before the drainage as an average for the months of the test selected. The degree of salinity of the ground water followed the same behavior, as a decrease was observed in the degree of salinity of the ground water for the studied samples after conducting the drainage operations compared to its values before the drainage operations, as it reached its lowest value (3.8, 3.12) dS / m after starting the drainage operations, while its values were (5.8, 5.87) dS/m before drainage operations and for the summer and winter seasons, respectively.
Effect of Interval and Depth Irrigation on Water Use Efficiency, Cucumber Productivity under Green House Conditions and Drip Irrigation
Authors: Al-Mehmdy S M H , Fal-Issawi A T
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of intervals and depths irrigation on water use efficiency and productivity of Cucumber under drip irrigation system. It was carried out during fall season 2021 in Al-Saqlawia, far about 45km southeast of Al-Ramadi, located at longitude 33° 24’ 57’' E and latitude 33° 24’ 57’' N. The experiment included two factors; the first is irrigation interval (I) which included two-days interval (I2) and four-days interval (I4). While the second one is irrigation depth which included 100% water depth and 50% water depth. The drip irrigation system was evaluated at operational pressure 50 kPa (0.5 bar) in order to determine the closest actual discharge to the design discharge, and calculating the uniformity coefficient and discharge variance. The results showed that 50kPa operational pressure gave an actual discharge of 3.94 Lh−1, which was the closest to the design discharge 4Lh−1, highest uniformity coefficient of 96.61% and lowest variance of 9.58%. While the highest yield achieved was 108 and 80-ton ha−1 at water depth (d50) for two irrigation interval 2 and 4 days compared to the lowest yield of 50 and 70-ton ha−1 at water depth (d100) for the same irrigation interval, respectively. While the highest water use efficiencies achieved was 20.9 and 15.48 kg m−3 at depth (d50) for 2-day and 4-day intervals, respectively. Finally, the best value for crop water consumptive use was obtained under drip irrigation system of 51.6 cm season−1.
The Influence of Industrial Residues of Phosphate Fertilizers Complexes on Content of Phosphor, Cadmium and Lead in Soil and Water
Authors: Salim S A , Alalwany A A M , Tawfeeq G H
Published: December 2023

The study was carried out in Al-Qaim region near by the factory of fertilizer about 420 km west of Baghdad. Samples of soils were taken by depths of (0-0.20), (0.20-0.40) and (0.40-0.60) m with three directions (N north, S south, E east) according to the direction of annuity wind. Soil samples were taken at three distances from the factory (500, 1000, and
1500) m. Samples of water were taken from three sources; wells, acidic and alkaline water from the factory. The aim of this paper was to study the influence of residue of phosphate fertilizer factory in content of Phosphor, Cadmium and Lead of soil and water. The results showed that the highest values of available phosphorus were 956.80 and 528.46 mg l-1 for distances 1500 and 1000 m, at depths of 0.4-0.6 m in the N1 directions as well as for N1 and S1 directions at the depth of 0-0.2. The highest total cadmium content was 4 mg l-1 for 500 m distance with the N1 direction at depth of 0-0.2m respectively. available cadmium was found in small quantity and consider negligible. The available lead was 83 and 0.45 mg l-1, for 1000 and 500 m distances in the direction of N1 for the depths of 0-0.2 and 0.2-0.4m respectively.
Point Pedotransfer Functions (PPTF) for Estimating Soil Water Retention Curve by Multiple Linear Regression Methods
Authors: Mohammed Z M , Salim S B
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study was to derive and find the best Point Pedotransfer Functions (PPTF) for estimating SWRC for Iraqi soils using the multiple regression methods. Soil samples were collected from 30 different sites of Iraqi soil at two depths: 0-0.3 m and 0.3-0.6 m, in order to obtain the required database for the derivation of PTF, which includes the soil particle size distribution, carbonate minerals, bulk density, particles density, organic matter, saturated hydraulic conductivity, capillary height and the boundaries of available water. Measured characteristics were considered as explanatory variables (EV). Volumetric water content was measured at suctions 0, -5, -10, -33, -500, -100, -500, -1000, and -1500 kPa and considered as response variables (RV). PPTF was derived using SAS statistical software based on multiple linear regression. Three methods for fitting the PPTF to EV were Maximum R2 Improvement (MR), Backward Elimination (BW) and Forward selection (FW). The prediction accuracy was evaluated through Mean Bias Error (MBE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), root mean squared error (RMSE) and Coefficient Of Determination (R2). The results showed that all EVs were included in the PPFT derivation by MR method, while in the BW and FW methods the significant level of entery (SLENTRY) of EV was 0.1. It was also found that variables w1, capillary height, available water, bulk density, and porosity were included in the derivation of most of the models using the BW and FW method. Besides no statistically significant differences were found among the values of MBE, MAE, RMSE, and R2 of the PPTF although the number of selected EV are different.
Modeling the Water Quality of the Middle Section of the Northern Great River (Dissolved Oxygen and Water Temperature) Using WASP8 Model
Authors: Haifa S , Assad A , Naser H , Fares R M
Published: December 2023

This study aims at to apply the WASP8 model on the middle section of The Great Northern River for the purpose of predicting the changes of both water temperature and the dissolved oxygen. At first, the model was calibrated depending on the field values that measured throughout the study period. The determination parameters and the index of agreement between the estimated values using the model and the actual measuring values showed the possibility of using the model to predict the tow studied indicators. The values of the determination parameter ranged from 0.76 to 0.86 in terms of the dissolved oxygen and regarding water temperature it was over 0.86 in the different studied sites. The values of index of agreement for all sites and the studied indicators ranged from 0.92 to 0.96. It was observed that the water of The Great Northern River is of a good quality in terms dissolved oxygen where the values ranged from 7 to 14 mg/L.
Effect of Spraying Nano Fertilizer NPK and Nano Fertilizer Microelements on the Growth Characteristics of Maize Plants (Zea May L.)
Authors: Muhammad O A , Al-Falahi M H
Published: December 2023

To find out the effect of spraying nano fertilizer NPK and nano-microelements and the interaction between them on the growth and yield of yellow corn cultivar (Al Maha), a factorial experiment was carried out during the spring season in 2021. The first factor (Nano NPK) included the addition of nano-fertilizer NPK 20:20:20 with four concentrations, F0, the comparison treatment (spraying with water only), the first concentration (F1) 1.0 gm L−1, the second concentration (F2) 2.0 gm L−1, concentration third (F3) 2.5 g L−1. While the second factor included the addition of nano micro elements fertilizer (IQ COMBI) containing (8% Fe, 1.5% Zn, and 1.5% Mn) with four concentrations, namely (M0), the comparison treatment (spraying with water only), the first concentration (M1) 1.0 gm L−1 The second concentration (M2) 2.0 gm L−1, the third concentration (M3) 2.5 gm L−1, the experiment included (16) experimental units for the workers and they were distributed randomly with three replications for each treatment to become (48) experimental units, as the least difference test was used Significant Least Significant Difference (LSD) in comparison of means at a probability level of 0.05. The interaction between the two factors of the study, which are NPK nano fertilizer and nano fertilizer of microelements, it gave the same significant superiority to the F3M2 treatment for all vegetative growth indicators, which included plant height with the highest rate of (218.00 cm), leaf area (61.60 cm2 plant−1), dry weight (270.26 gm), chlorophyll (56.32 SPAD).
Behavior and Distribution of Free Iron Oxides in Some Soil Orders in Iraq
Authors: Al-Hamawandi M J , Azeez D R , Ali D K
Published: December 2023

This study was conducted to investigating the behavior of free iron oxides in some soil orders in Iraq. Soil samples were collected from five Pedons for soil orders Entisols, Aridisols, Inceptisols, Vertisols and Mollisols. Total free iron oxides (Fed) were extracted by CBD, amorphous iron oxides by acid ammonium oxalate and iron oxide linked with organic matter by alkaline Sodium pyrophosphate. the distribution of iron oxides in (Fep) to crystallized iron oxides were compared. The results showed that (Fed-Feo) there is no particular direction that controls the vertical distribution of Fed Mollisols and Vertisols pedons excelled in the content of Fed compared to the other orders. Amorphous Feo accumulates in surface horizons and Mollisols pedon was excelled on all pedons in Feo content followed by Vertisols, Inceptisols, Aridisols and Entisols. The Pedons of Inceptisols, Aridisols and Entisols soil order contain higher amounts of crystalline Fed-O oxides compared to the Mollisols and Vertisols as well the vertical distribution taken a different pattern for all pedons. (Fep) was low compared to other forms of iron oxides and is accumulated in surface soil horizon in all pedons.
Soil Erosion Risk Assessment Using Corine Model: A Case Study in Shwan Sub basin, Kirkuk, Iraq
Authors: Noori N E , Azeez D R
Published: December 2023

Water erosion is one of the most important problems and challenges facing the optimal management of natural resources, especially soil and water resources, because of its impact on soil degradation. This study aimed to classify the risk of soil water erosion and clarify its distribution in the Shwan Basin in Kirkuk Governorate - Iraq based on the Corine model.In the first stage of the work, the soil erodibilty, erosivity and slope factors were determined, classified and mapped according to the degree of their impact on soil erosion.The potential soil erosion risk map was prepared using Arc GIS 10.4.1.In the second stage, the land cover factor was calculated and classified according to the degree of protection. In the last stage, the actual soil erosion risk map was prepared by multiplying the class of land cover with the map of potential soil erosion risk over the entire study area.The study showed that 28.18% of the studied area is classified under a high risk, 39.57% represents as a medium risk and 32.25% is a low risk .The areas of severe soil erosion risk were concentrated in the southwestern part and some northern and central parts, and the areas of medium risk were concentrated in the northern, central and southern parts, while regarding the low actual risk, they were concentrated in the western parts and in random areas in the center and east of the study area.The results also showed that the Corine model for soil water erosion risk mapping is a highly effective and cost-effective approach.
Effect of Soil Mulching and Spraying with Naphthalene Acetic Acid on Growth and Yield of Broccoli
Authors: Mohammed A B , Almohammedi O H M
Published: December 2023

The field experiment was carried out at the research station of the College of Agriculture / University of Anbar between 33.4538 East and 43.3270 North lines. The experiment included using each of the four types of soil mulching (without mulching, black mulching, yellow mulching, and transparent white mulching) and spraying with naphthalene acetic acid naphthalene (without spraying, spraying with a concentration of 50 mg L, spraying with a concentration of 100 mg L, spraying with a concentration of 150 mg L) in some characteristics of Broccoli Remind the name of hybrid. The research was applied using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) factorial experiment with three replications for each treatment. The results showed that black mulching was superior to the rest of the Types of mulches, which gave the best results in terms of plant height, floral head circumference, leaf length, head weight, 50% flowering rate, and TSS (79.193 cm, 61.066 cm, 64.069 cm, 1.025 kg plant−1, 59.667 days, and 12,140) sequentially compared to the control treatment, spray treatment with acetic acid naphthalene at a concentration of 100 ml gave the best values through plant height, which reached (81.453 cm), floral head circumference, (61.969 cm), leaf length (62.547 cm), head weight (1.045 kg), flowering 50% (59.833 days), TSS (12.073) compared to the control treatment
Effect of Spraying with Growth Regulators Brassinolide and Thidiazuron on the Chemical Content of Leaves and Pods of Three Okra Hybrids Under Protected Cultivation Conditions
Authors: Al-Dulime M L A , Al-Mohammedi O H M
Published: December 2023

The study was conducted in one of the greenhouses in the research station in Al-Bu’itha area of the College of Agriculture - University of Anbar during the growing season 2021-2022 to investigate the effect of spraying the growth regulators Brassinolide (BR) (0, 0.1 and 0.2 mg L−1) and Thidiazuron (TDZ) (1 and 2 mg L−1) were found, respectively, in the chemical content of leaves and pods of three hybrids (Abeer, Lotus and OkraF1). The results showed that the two treatments spraying Brassinolide at a concentration of 0.2 mg L−1 and spraying TDZ at a concentration of 2 mg L−1 were superior in all studied traits, while the hybrid Abeer was superior to the rest of the hybrids in the percentage of nitrogen 3.449%, phosphorus 0.416% and potassium 1.722%, carbohydrates 4.535%, the percentage of nitrogen in the pods 3.427%, and protein 21.42%. The interaction between the factors of the study had a positive effect on all the studied traits.