bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Description and biological notes of the larva of Cionus olivieri Rosenschoeld, 1838 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with a comparison with other species of the tribe Cionini
Authors: Jiang Chunyan , Caldara Roberto , Skuhrovec Jiri , Zhang Runzhi
Published: October 2020

The mature larva ofCionus olivieriRosenschoeld, 1838 is described and illustrated in detail for the first time. It is compared with those known from the same genus and other genera in the tribe Cionini and with those of the hypothesized sister tribe Mecinini in the Curculioninae. The larvae ofCionushave three distinctive diagnostic features: the reduced number of setae on the epicranium (only two or threedesand one or twofs) and on the epipharyngeal lining (only twoals, twoams, and nomes); i.e., distinctly fewer than the most frequent number of setae in weevils, and mandibles dentate or angulate internally near the base. If considered together withStereonychusSuffrian, 1854, the other genus of Cionini with larvae studied in detail, it is preliminarily suggested that mature larvae of this tribe might be characterized by six main diagnostic features: (1) labial palpi one-segmented, (2) labral rods absent, (3) pedal areas swollen to form large lobes or prolegs, (4) mandible with sharp apical teeth, (5) reduced number offson frons, only one or twofs, and (6) reduced number of epipharyngeal setae (two or threealsand two or threeams, but nomes). It was noticed thatC. helleriReitter, 1904 from Japan, a very distinct species in the genus for some characters of the adult, also possesses distinctive characters in the larva which are uncommon among known cionines. New biological data onC. olivieriwith the discovery of its host plant,Verbascum songaricum(Scrophulariaceae), in central Asia are also reported.
Voyage dans l’intime d’une famille sans histoire
Authors: Montet Anne-Laure
Published: October 2020

Avec une famille immobilisée par une lourde histoire traumatique, l’auteur cherche dans la consultation thérapeutique une voie d’accès au souvenir qui ne peut advenir par une narration. Elle propose des consultations psychodramatiques dont la famille pourra se saisir pour élaborer à travers des scènes quotidiennes une actualisation des vécus traumatiques. Leur « histoire à trous » devient une création subjective.
Les enfants ne sont que des enfants. Le projet première enfance TATAPARK © , baby-sitting de groupe à domicile pour la toute première enfance
Authors: Grasso Francesco
Published: October 2020

La question des effets de la garde précoce en collectivité sur le développement des enfants est encore très débattue dans les milieux scientifiques. Le sujet, pourtant, devient de plus en plus une question d’ordre politique pour ses implications avec le travail des femmes et la conciliation entre travail et famille. Ce travail compare et discute les points forts et points faibles de la garde collective précoce, près du domicile et en petit groupe. Les deux types de garde – à la crèche et au domicile en petit groupe – présentent, en effet, des différences substantielles sur le plan relationnel. La sécurité des liens est assurée par la sensibilité collective des opérateurs envers le groupe, dans le premier cas, tandis que seulement dans le petit groupe nous trouvons que la sécurité de l’attachement est liée à la sensibilité individuelle du caregiver envers l’enfant, à l’instar de la garde parentale. Nous présentons ici le projet TATAPARK © , un système italien de baby-sittings à domicile en petit groupe (5 enfants maximum) spécifiquement conçu pour la toute première enfance (0-14 mois). La garde des bébés se déroule sur 5 jours sur 7 et est confiée à des baby-sitters qui sont elles-mêmes des mères, supervisées par un éducateur professionnel, et aidées par une femme de ménage.
Condiciones de la sanidad pública en la época virreinal: Notas sobre el Hospital de Bellavista de Lima en el siglo XVIII
Authors: Fernández Alonso Serena
Published: October 2020

A través de fuentes documentales del Archivo General de la Nación del Perú y de crónicas contemporáneas, el trabajo aborda el tema de la insalubridad urbana de Lima en el siglo XVIII, las medidas sanitarias que, enraizadas en época prehispánica, se hallaban en uso, y la creación del Hospital de Bellavista, institución erigida para asistir a soldados y marinos acuartelados o arribados al puerto de Èl Callao. La documentación ha permitido realizar una reconstrucción de algunas actividades cotidianas de aquel establecimiento: personal de servicio, suministro de víveres y material, precios de los mismos, composición de la dieta de los enfermos, etc., que ofrecen una visión inédita de un centro hospitalario en el que se plasmó el interés de la Corona española por mejorar las condiciones de vida en uno de los más importantes núcleos urbanos de las Indias.
El zoo de papel: Un análisis de la imagen científica sobre los animales en el siglo XVIII
Authors: De Pedro Antonio E.
Published: October 2020

Las representaciones gráficas tomadas del «natural» se convirtieron durante el siglo XVIII, en un instrumento de autenticidad y significación del auxilio científico de las imágenes artísticas. Con la incorporación de artistas en los grandes viajes naturalistas europeos a distintas partes desconocidas del mundo y el reconocimiento de las imágenes artístico- científicas como instrumentos impulsadores del conocimiento botánico y zoológico surge, de manera" sistemática y organizada, un «nuevo retrato» de la Naturaleza, pensado bajo el prisma de los ideales del movimiento ilustrado. Este artículo trata de manera parcial sobre este intento racionalizador por dotar a la Historia Natural de los recursos gráficos necesarios para su entendimiento y desarrollo.
Medicina popular y medicina científica: ¿Dos discursos nosológicos y una traducción imposible?. Algunas reflexiones sobre el problema de la integración cultural en América Latina desde esta problemática
Authors: Guío Cerezo Yolanda
Published: October 2020

En este artículo la autora nos plantea la compleja relación existente entre la medicina popular y la científica, que viene a revelar la problemática de la integración cultural, y que tiene su más importante materialización en la relación médico-paciente. Para ello, en primer lugar define las características de estos dos sistemas médicos que conviven en una misma sociedad. Finalmente reflexiona sobre el ámbito iberoamericano en el que este tema cobra especial importancia.
JOSE SALA CATALA, IN MEMORIAM
Authors: Albarracín Teulón Agustín
Published: October 2020

No disponible.
El significado histórico del descubrimiento de la circulación menor
Authors: Barona Vilar Josep Lluís
Published: October 2020

La historiografía acerca del descubrimiento de la circulación pulmonar y su significación histórica ha documentado el contexto del descubrimiento y analizado las relaciones intelectuales y posibles influencias entre sus principales protagonistas: Ibn-an Nafis, Servet, Valverde y Colombo. De ello se ha derivado la idea de una inmediata rectificación del esquema galénico en base a la asimilación por parte de la medicina del descubrimiento anatómico. El presente trabajo analiza la historiografía sobre el tema y una parte significativa de la literatura médica publicada entre 1553 y 1628, poniendo de relieve la falta de repercusión inmediata del descubrimiento de la circulación menor tanto en la anatomía como en el modelo de funcionamiento del cuerpo humano. Se debate su significación teórica y la asimilación y defensa del descubrimiento por quienes desde finales del siglo XVI representaron el movimiento de renovación epistemológica que culminó con la obra de William Harvey.
Eco-efficient alkaline activated binders for manufacturing blocks and pedestrian pavers with low carbon footprint: Mechanical properties and LCA assessment
Authors: Mejía-Arcila J. , Valencia-Saavedra W. , Mejía de Gutiérrez R.
Published: October 2020

This study proposes using two types of binders based on fly ash (FA) as primary raw material and a calcium source such as ground granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) or Portland cement (OPC) for the production of eco-efficient pre-fabricated materials. These binders are denoted FA/GBFS (70/30) and FA/OPC (80/20). A mix of commercial sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide was used as a traditional activator (SN), and the mix of rice husk ash (RHA) and NaOH as an alternative activator (RN). The results show the possibility of obtaining a binary cement (FA/GBFS-RN) with compressive strength up to 38 MPa after curing for 28 days and 65 MPa after curing for 360 days. The hybrid binder (FA/OPC-RN) reported 30 MPa and 61 MPa at the same age of curing. Additionally, FA/GBFS-RN reports reductions in the environmental and health impacts of up to 75% compared to systems made with sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide. Based on the results, FA/GBFS-RN paste was selected as the optimal material for producing masonry blocks and pedestrian pavers, which met the Colombian standards.
Autriche, c’est-à-dire ce qui reste du mythe habsbourgeois
Authors: Fiatti Igor
Published: October 2020

L’Autriche et sa production littéraire semblent condamnées à un désarroi existentiel, à tout jamais. Dans une telle recherche continuelle de lueur d’indices et de preuves identitaires, la résistance opposée aux engrenages de la puissante machine critico-éditoriale de l’« Anschluss tacite » est constituée, notamment, par des fragments de mythe, qui, mutatis mutandis, renvoient aux sécurités de l’époque de l’ordo habsbourgeois.
Peut-on encore feindre de croire à une fiction ?
Authors: Leiduan Alessandro
Published: October 2020

Les romans d’Umberto Eco sont caractérisés par la rupture du « pacte fictionnel », c’est-à-dire par la transgression des conventions qui devraient régler l’attitude mentale (la « feintise ludique partagée ») de la société à l’égard de l’univers imaginaire d’un récit fictionnel. Ce faisant, Eco a vraisemblablement voulu empêcher ses romans de fonctionner comme un mécanisme de dissimulation de croyances illicites. Dans un contexte où les croyances officielles sont mises à mal du fait que la société est éduquée à n’avoir que des croyances instables, les récits fictionnels pourraient dévoyer leurs lecteurs en instillant, dans l’imaginaire collectif, des doses massives de mensonges. L’article étudie les stratégies narratives par lesquelles Eco essaie de « court-circuiter » ce type de réception aberrante.
Ἐγκράτεια : politique, morale, subjectivation (IVe siècle av. J.-C.)
Authors: Cournarie Paul
Published: October 2020

Constamment prescrite aux princes, la maîtrise de soi et la tempérance (enkratéia ou sôphrosynè) n’ont jamais été pratiquées. On veut revenir sur quelques penseurs du IVe siècle av. J.-C. qui ont valorisé ces vertus pour en interroger le fonctionnement. Platon mêle les deux thèmes afin de bannir le spectre de la tyrannie avec sa volonté sans mélange au profit d’une coopération des différentes parties de l’âme. Xénophon et surtout Isocrate soutiennent que ces qualités permettent de distinguer le chef et de l’offrir à l’amour de tous.
Different iron-handling in inflamed small and large cholangiocytes and in small and large-duct type intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Mancinelli Romina , Cutone Antimo , Rosa Luigi , Lepanto Maria Stefania , Onori Paolo , Pannarale Luigi , Franchitto Antonio , Gaudio Eugenio , Valenti Piera
Published: October 2020

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) represents the second most common primary hepatic malignancy and originates from the neoplastic transformation of the biliary cells. The intrahepatic subtype includes two morpho-molecular forms: large-duct type intrahepatic CCA (iCCA) and small-duct type iCCA. Iron is fundamental for the cellular processes, contributing in tumor development and progression. The aim of this study was to evaluate iron uptake, storage, and efflux proteins in both lipopolysaccharide-inflamed small and large cholangiocytes as well as in different iCCA subtypes. Our results show that, despite an increase in interleukin-6 production by both small and large cholangiocytes, ferroportin (Fpn) was decreased only in small cholangiocytes, whereas transferrin receptor-1 (TfR1) and ferritin (Ftn) did not show any change. Differently from in vitro models, Fpn expression was increased in malignant cholangiocytes of small-duct type iCCA in comparison to large-duct type iCCA and peritumoral tissues. TfR1, Ftn and hepcidin were enhanced, even if at different extent, in both malignant cholangiocytes in comparison to the surrounding samples. Lactoferrin was higher in large-duct type iCCA in respect to small-duct type iCCA and peritumoral tissues. These findings show a different iron handling by inflamed small and large cholangiocytes, and small and large-duct type iCCA. The difference in iron homeostasis by the iCCA subtypes may have implications for the tumor management.
Cloud, Edge, and Fog Computing and Security for the Internet of Things
Authors: Al-Alshaqi Mohammed , B. Rawat Danda
Published: October 2020

In this paper, a method is purposed that detects the masquerade activity of cloud data. In this method, the combination of the decoy technique and the user’s behaviour profile technique are used to improve the security of data in the cloud. This research has the main focus on understanding the use of these computing paradigms with the internet of things. The security concerns and its possible solutions are described. Therefore, the comparative analysis is conducted, which elaborates on each paradigm in the internet of things. The future consent of cloud, edge, and fog computing is also directed, which gives the innovative vision for the data handling with the internet of things.
Trends in Cancer Screening Rates among Korean Men and Women: Results of the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey, 2004–2018
Authors: Hong Seri , Lee Yun Yeong , Lee Jaeho , Kim Yeol , Choi Kui Son , Jun Jae Kwan , Suh Mina
Published: October 2020

PurposeThe Korean National Cancer Screening Survey (KNCSS) is a nationwide annual cross-sectional survey conducted for the past 15 years. This study aimed to report trends in the overall screening rates of both organized and opportunistic cancer screening programs from 2004–2018. Materials and MethodsKNCSS data were collected using a structured questionnaire. For five major cancers (i.e., stomach, liver, colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer), we evaluated both the lifetime screening rate and the screening rate with recommendations. The study population included men aged 40–74 years and women aged 20–74 years with no cancer histories.ResultsScreening rate with recommendations increased from 2004 annually by 4.4% and 1.5% until 2013 for stomach and liver cancers, respectively, by 4.0% until 2012 for breast cancer, and by 3.6% and 1.2% until 2014 for colorectal and cervical cancers, respectively, followed by nonsignificant trends thereafter. In 2018, screening rates with recommendations for these cancers were 72.8%, 26.2%, 63.1%, 58.4%, and 55.6%, respectively. ConclusionScreening rates for the five types of cancer demonstrated a marked increase between 2004 and 2018. However, many recent screening rates have been flattened with nonsignificant trends, and there are lower rates for cervical cancer screening among young age groups. Steady efforts are needed to achieve higher screening participation rates overall, especially for the cervical cancer screening of young women in their 20s.
Antero-medial maxillary sinus angle is an additional predictive factor for enhanced visibility during pre-lacrimal window approach
Authors: Andrianakis A. , Holzmeister C. , Wolf A. , Kiss P. , Moser U. , Redzic A. , Tomazic P.V.
Published: October 2020

Pathologies located at the posterior surface of the anterior wall and the floor (alveolar recess) of the maxillary sinus are challen- ging to visualize and access. Open approaches including lateral rhinotomy, Caldwell-Luc procedure or midfacial degloving allow a broad visualization but with a significant likelihood of post-operative morbidity.
Internal Medicine Resident Work Absence During the COVID-19 Pandemic at a Large Academic Medical Center in New York City
Authors: Merkin Ross , Kruger Ariel , Bhardwaj Gaurav , Kajita Grace R. , Shapiro Lauren , Galen Benjamin T.
Published: October 2020

Background

Montefiore Medical Center (MMC) is a large tertiary care center in the Bronx, New York City, with 245 internal medicine residents. Beginning on February 29, 2020, residents became ill with COVID-19-like illness (CLI), which required absence from work. There was initially a shortage of personal protective equipment and delays in SARS-CoV-2 testing, which gradually improved during March and April 2020.

Objective

We evaluated the relationship between CLI-related work absence rates of internal medicine residents and MMC's COVID-19 hospital census over time.

Methods

Data on resident work absence between February 29 and May 22 were reviewed along with MMC's COVID-19 hospital census data. To determine the effect of patient exposure on resident CLI incidence, we compared the mean incidence of CLI per patient exposure days (PED = daily hospital census × days pre- or post-peak) before and after peak COVID-19 hospital census.

Results

Forty-two percent (103 of 245) of internal medicine residents were absent from work, resulting in 875 missed workdays. At the peak of resident work absence, 16% (38 of 245) were out sick. Residents were absent for a median of 7 days (IQR 6–9.5 days). Mean resident CLI incidence per PED (CLI/PED) was 13.9-fold lower post-peak compared to pre-peak (P = .003).

Conclusions

At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City, a large portion of internal medicine residents at this single center became ill. However, the incidence of CLI decreased over time, despite ongoing exposure to patients with COVID-19.
The Quest in the United Kingdom for African Unity, 1945-48
Authors: Sherwood Marika
Published: October 2020

This article outlines the formation, ideology and activities of the West African National Secretariat (WANS), established in London in 1945-6 by Nkrumah and this colleagues, from both the English and French West African colonies. Their aim was unity, as the only hope of real independence was through unity of all ethnic groups and all social classes, not just the ‘intelligentsia’. Outlined are WANS’ activities, its work with other political groups/activists in the UK and France, and reports in Gold Coast and Nigerian newspapers, which were kept fully informed. Labelled a communist, Nkrumah was under surveillance by MI5 in the UK and on his return home in 1947. Was this the beginning of the Cold War in West Africa? La Quête au Royaume-Uni pour l’Union Africaine, 1945-48  Résumé Cet article présente la formation, l’idéologie et les activités du West African National Secretariat [Secrétariat National de l'Afrique de l'Ouest] (WANS), établi à Londres entre les années 1945 et 1946 par Nkrumah et ses collègues issus des colonies anglophones et francophones en Afrique de l’Ouest dont le but était l’union, le seul espoir pour l’Independence réelle étant réalisable à travers l’union de tous les groupes ethniques et de toutes les classes sociales, et non pas seulement « l’intelligentsia ». Sont présentés dans cet article les activités de WANS, ses opérations avec d’autres groupes/militants politiques au Royaume-Uni et en France, ainsi que les rapports dans les journaux au Gold Coast et au Nigeria qui étaient bien informés. Qualifié de communiste, Nkrumah était sous la surveillance de MI5 au Royaume-Uni et à son retour au pays en 1947. Ce fait marque-t-il le début de la Guerre Froide en Afrique de l’Ouest?
Negociación de cacao y mercado Latinoamericano
Authors: Vinces-Bermúdez Jorman Aldair , Zambrano-Roldán Karen
Published: October 2020

En los últimos años ha ido cambiando la manera de la negociación del cacao y en consecuencia se ha producido un cambio radical en producción de la materia prima y la economía de varios países que comercializan el cacao de manera productiva para el consumo de sus habitantes y somos unos de los primeros países productores de cacao y exportación a nivel latinoamericano. Mediante este análisis, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo caracterizar la negociación del cacao en Latinoamérica y el mundo. Con esto se desarrolla la modalidad de cómo han evolucionado las principales afectaciones que tienen el comercio latinoamericano y el comercio mundial con el cacao y todo su funcionamiento del mercado. Con respecto que tienen otros países con el producto de cacao en grano, se obtiene gran oferta y demanda en dichos países que es muy satisfactorio porque puede ayudar a la economía mediante la comercialización en sus mercados locales. En más de una década se ha exportado en muchos más lugares ya que el cacao es producto de importación y gran aceptación en dichos países por su aroma y calidad de consumo. Muy importante tener en cuenta la calidad del grano porque es de vital importancia para su exportación y que ha caracterizado al mercado latinoamericano y a su vez al mercado mundial. Con estas exportaciones de nuestro producto tendremos una economía que se desarrollara al pasar del tiempo y una comercialización mejorada con países internacional.

Palabras claves: mercado latinoamericano, cacao, producción mundial, exportación, precios, calidad.
INFLUENCE OF SMOKE AND ETHYLENE ON THE FRUITING OF THE PINEAPPLE (ANANAS SATIVUS SHULT)
Authors: Rodríguez Antonio G.
Published: October 2020

1. The experiments using smoke on pineapple plants in the field confirm the results obtained in practice by certain growers in Puerto Rico. The use of this process in the field resulted in a general flowering of all plants and early fruit production. 2: There was no relation between the quantity of smoke used and the response of plants. This indicates a wide latitude as regards concentration of smoke. 3. The age of the plants was not a factor hindering the effect of smoke treatment. 4. From the results obtained in the smoke treatments and ethylene treatments it seems that one or more constituents in smoke and not the temperature produced are responsible for the hastening of bloom. 5. Under the conditions in which smoke treatments were given to field plants, smoke was not toxic. 6. Large-size fruits were obtained following the smoke treatments. 7. The treatment with smoke previous to planting gave no appreciable response. 8. Slips and suckers treated with ethylene previous to planting flowered six months before the control plants. 9. Fruits obtained from ethylene treatments were undersize. Suckers yielded larger fruits than slips. 10. No significant difference was noted with the several concentrations of gas when used on slips and suckers. 11. The results obtained indicate that the ethylene treatment has modified metabolism and induced flower production.
CHART FOR DETERMINING THE SPHAERODACTYLS OF THE PORTO RICO REGION
Authors: Grant Chapman
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés
THE BROWN ROT FUNGUS IN PUERTO RICO
Authors: Guiscafré Jaime R.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés
MARASMIUS SACCHARI; A PARASITE ON SUGAR CANE
Authors: Cook Melville T.
Published: October 2020

1. The fungus is a vigorous saprophyte, which can be found in abundance on fragments of cane and cane leaves in and on the surface of the soil. Also on the old dead leaves of growing canes. 2. The mycelium frequently cements the leaves and checks the growth of the canes, but its presence does not necessarily indicate that it is the cause of the retarded growth or the death of the cane. 3. The fungus is a parasite and penetrates roots, leaves and stalks of young canes very readily. 4. It kills a small percentage of young canes and sometimes injures older canes. These losses depend on soil and climatic conditions and vary with the seasons. They are probably less than some reports indicate and greater than is indicated by others. 5. The fungus sometimes attacks seed cuttings and kills the buds. The writer has one record of a killing of 20 percent. 6. The writer has not observed the pea-like bodies which Howard described as sclerotia but has observed the large sclerotia formed by Rhizoctocnia grisea which was described several years earlier as Sclerotium griseum Stevenson. 7. The writer has demonstrated that the fungus will grow from old material or from a pure culture and penetrate the living tissues of canes growing in glass cylinders or in sterilized soil in pots. 8. The fungus penetrates the canes, leaves and roots and will kill many of them when the conditions are favorable. 9. A considerable amount of the fungus either in or outside the cane appears to be necessary for the production of sporophores. 10. Sporophores were produced in my cultures, on cane grown in cylinders, in from two to four months after inoculation.
NOTES ON THE BOAS OF PUERTO RICO AND MONA
Authors: Grant Chapman
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés
THE EXTENT TO WHICH THE PRACTICE OF NOT BURNING CANE TRASH HAS BEEN ADOPTED IN PUERTO RICO
Authors: Wolcott George N.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés.
THE PINEAPPLE DISEASE OF SUGAR CANE IN PUERTO RICO
Authors: Cook Melville T.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés.
PATHO-ANATOMY OF ROOTS ATTACKED BY NEMATODES
Authors: Cook Melville T.
Published: October 2020

1. Root galls caused by nematodes (Heterodera marioni) originate as a result of attacks on meristematic tissues of very young roots. 2. The parasite may locate in the cambium or cortex or penetrate in the medullary rays. 3. There is no evidence that the parasite can attack fully formed fibrous and tracheary tissues or that it can stimulate their growth, but it can push them out of place. 4. The cambium, cortex and medullary rays are stimulated to excessive cell division and tracheary tissue is formed in the cortex. 5. The cells next to the parasites during the period of gall formation are very small as a result of excessive cell division while the more remote cells are much larger.
PARING AND HEAT STERILIZATION OF THE CORMS TO ELIMINATE THE BANANA ROOT WEEVIL COSMOPOLITES SORDIDUS GERMAR
Authors: Seín Francisco
Published: October 2020

1. Other method s of control except the paring of the corms or suckers as carried out by the writer, have been investigated and found either unreliable or unpractical. Sterilization at 43°C for eight hours in an adequate sterilizer, kills the insect without injury to the plant tissues. This method may prove to be practical. 2. Paring the suckers heavily, that is, cutting away one inch or more of all the external surface and removing also the external leaf- sheaths of its stem, will eliminate all or practically all of the eggs and the newly hatched larvae which have not yet tunneled deeply. Upon paring, the presence of larger larvae is shown by their tunnels. It is better to pare off as much as the size of the corm will allow for greater safety. Corms even when very severely pared germinate well. 3. The method can be used equally well with bananas or with plantains, but the cultural practices followed make it more desirable for plantains. 4. Suckers showing no tunnels-presumably uninfested-should be selected, and even so, must be pared thoroughly. Corms showing tunnels are to be discarded. 5. Suckers for planting should be dug out as soon as they attain sufficient size. They should be taken from stools showing few or no tunnels in the mother corms and from the less infested plantations. If left on the ground overnight near plantain and banana plants, they may quickly become re-infested, especially after having been pared. 6. The paring must be supervised to make sure none of the old surface tissues are left on, or corms with tunnels passed as sound. 7. The pared corms are to be set in land free from the weevil and any plants that show infestation should be rogued and traps set to catch the weevils.
THE DIAPAUSE PORTION OF THE LARVAL PERIOD OF DIAPREPES ABBREVIATUS L.
Authors: Wolcott George N.
Published: October 2020

By using an open-top, porous bottomed type of individual container for grubs of Diaprepes abbreviatus L. during their resting or "active diapause" period previous to pupation, numerous individuals have been successfully reared to adult. In most cases observed, pupation occurs in the spring, regardless of when the grub hatched. Few of the many egg-clusters laid in the late spring produce grubs, because of heavy parasitization by Tetrastichus haitiensis Gahan, but during the remainder of the year this parasite is scarce. Diaprepes egg-clusters have been found in every month of the year; the grubs from some of these pupating in the next spring and completing their development in little more than six months, others have an exceptionally long "active diapause" terminated by pupation in the second spring, resulting in a life-cycle of several months more than one year.
HEAT STERILIZATION OF MANGOES AND GUAVAS FOR FRUIT FLIES
Authors: Seín Jr. Francisco
Published: October 2020

1. Mango fruits infested with fruit fly maggots have no commercial value and could not profitably be shipped to the United States. 2. Sterilization at a temperature of 43°C for eight hours in a circulating atmosphere saturated with moisture kills the eggs, maggots and pupae of the fruit flies that infest mangoes and guavas in Puerto Rico without unfavorably affecting the flavor, appearance or keeping qualities of the fruit if it is afterwards placed in refrigeration. 3. Sterilization does not render marketable mangoes which have already been injured by fruit fly maggots. Such fruit shows the injury and the dead maggots on being cut open, and decays rapidly. 4. Sterilized mangoes from Puerto Rico could safely be allowed into the United States under permit because (1st) only varieties that are not infested would be shipped and (2nd) the fruits would in addition have been submitted to a treatment which renders them free from the pest if they contained it. 5. The varieties that could be sterilized are the Mayagüez mango, the Girón, the Colombo kidney and some of the better ones from Vieques. 6. Since the period of sterilization of eight hours can be reduced to four hours without rendering the treatment less effective in destroying the insect, the margin of safety is very large. 7. Mangoes can be rendered free from fruit fly infestation by sterilization for 8 hours at 43°C piled on trays, crated or wrapped in paper and crated.
THE FIRST RECORDS OF THE MOSAIC DISEASE OF SUGAR-CANE IN PUERTO RICO
Authors: Wolcott George N.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés.
PHLOEM NECROSIS IN THE STRIPE DISEASE OF CORN
Authors: Cook Melville T.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés.
NEW OR LITTLE-KNOWN SPECIES OF WEST INDIAN "TIPULIDAE" (DIPTTRA) L. I.
Authors: Alexander Charles P.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés.
Health behavior evaluation in women with multiple pregnancies
Authors: Ibrahim Ali Alaa
Published: October 2020

Objective: The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of the health behavior in pregnant Iraqi women in multiple pregnancies, and which one had characteristic influence in examined Iraqi women. Patients and Methods:The study was carried out in Al-Yermook Hospital for a period of one year from July 2019 to July 2020. It was included 40 pregnant women in multiple pregnancies, completed the 22 weeks gestational age, with taking their verbal consent for the participation in this investigation. Selected questioner used to collect data, as well as using Juczyński’s Health Behavior Inventory questionnaire to evaluate the health behaviors of recruited women involved in this study. Results:The heath behaviors rate was high particularly for Iraqi pregnant women in multiple pregnancies, as the health behaviors indicators were high among all the identified categories. Conclusion: The higher health behavior rate of pregnant women in multiple pregnancies, as the preventative behaviors had the highest rate.
COPING WITH THE COVID19 PANDEMIC IN A HEMATOLOGY, TRANSPLANTATION AND CELL THERAPY UNIT IN SOUTHERN BRAZlL
Authors: Paz Alessandra Aparecida
Published: October 2020

We started 2020 with perspectives that quickly changed in March when the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic started in Brazil. Our center has a unit, called the Protected Environment with 30 beds with HEPA filters where malignant disease, autologous and allogeneic transplants are performed. In March 2020, the contingency plan designed since January to deal with COVID 19 pandemic of Porto Alegre Clinicas Hospital (HCPA) began highly restricting visits, consultations and elective procedures.

Our challenge was to maintain the best care for our patients and    healthcare professional’s safety.  We suspend all visits and reduce relative patients’ companies to only essential. Our team was already one with the highest percentage of hand washing in the hospital, intensified infection control measures and implemented new individual protection equipment surgical masks and face shields. We started a new way to inform family members using digital platforms and improved the Wi-Fi network inside the unit to maintain patient external contact and reduce their loneliness. All Professional meetings and rounds became virtual.1,2,3

      When the first cases started in Porto Alegre, we had already implemented and validated the performance of the PCR for SARS-COV-2, with result until 24 hours. So, we could organize the flow of patients for hospitalizations avoiding   admissions of Covid asymptomatic patients. HealthCare’s with any symptoms were kept away from work and quickly tested.

We followed the guidance of the Brazilian society of BMT and started to perform only urgent transplants, greatly reducing the number of autologous transplants performed. All patients candidates stem cell transplant were instructed to maintain isolation for 14 days before admission and collected PCR 24 hours before admission. Related and unrelated  bone marrow donors  underwent clinical screening and PCR testing 24 hours before  collection and the marrow was cryopreserved until results what  changed our routine marrow infusion and sometime modified the collection  from marrow  to peripheral Hematopoietic stem cell  in order to obtain adequate cellularity.1,2,3

Despite all the difficulties and challenges  the  Covid pandemic imposed upon us, we managed to perform 16 Transplants from March to September, between autologous and allogeneic and we had no cases of covid  transmission inside deaths related to COVID until now. All patients who had COVID19 or tested positive to SarsCov2 were outpatients, either from the Day Hospital or the outpatient clinic and had complete resolution of the condition.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE DATA ON THE INFLUENCE OF THE SARS-COV-2 PANDEMIC ON BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION AND THE PROTOCOLS ADOPTED IN BRAZIL BETWEEN MAY AND JUNE 2020
Authors: Duarte Fernando Barroso , Moura Anna Thawanny Gadelha , Hallack Neto Abrahão Elias , Seber Adriana , Vigorito Afonso Celso , Lourenço André Luis Gervatoski , Melo Andresa Lima , Duarte Beatrice Araujo , Araujo Beatriz Stela Gomes de Souza Pitombeira , Bonfim Carmem , Arrais Celso , Bariani Cesar , Kuwahara Cilmara , Lerner Decio , Paton Eduardo José de Alencar , Vieira Garles Miller Matias , Barros George Mauricio Navarro , Loth Gisele , Teixeira Gustavo Machado , Schmidt Filho Jayr , Feliciano João Victor Piccolo , Fogliatto Laura , Grilo Leandro Celso , Martins Leticia Navarro Gordan Ferreira , Daudt Liane Esteves , Bouzas Luis Fernando Da Silva , Monção Marcio Soares , Salvino Marco Aurelio , Moreira Maria Claudia , Macedo Maria Cristina M Almeida , Coutinho Marina Assirati , Hamerschlack Nelson , Chiattone Ricardo , Da Silva Roberto Luiz , Soares Rodolfo , Schaffel Rony , Passos Roselene Mesquita Augusto , Viana Thaisa Marjore Menezes , Monteiro Tatiana Dias Marconi , Rocha Vanderson , Funk Vaneuza Araujo Moreira , Coulturato Vergilio Antonio Rensi , Zecchin Victor Gottardello , De Azevedo Wellington Morais , Novis Yana Augusta S. , Silva Leandro De Padua , Zanette Antonella , Cunha Renato Luiz Guerino , Fagundes Evandro Maranhão , Atalla Angelo , Lemes Romelia Pinheiro Gonçalves , Fernandes Juliana Folloni
Published: October 2020

This is an observational and cross-sectional study, carried out in May 2020, targeting adult individuals of both sexes who are members of multiprofessional teams working in Brazilian HSCT units in the current period of the pandemic by completing and analyzing a questionnaire. pre-formulated. HSCT units that cannot access the questionnaire were excluded from the study. The analysis of the operation profile of HSCT units in Brazil, through the application of a pre-structured questionnaire, is not an accurate tool, since it assumes some premises that may prove to be wrong, especially in this current scenario in Brazil. However, the data reveal the vulnerability of patients with onco-hematological diseases to infection by COVID-19, especially during HSCT procedures, in relation to the general population. Despite its limitations, it can be valuable to plan policies.
COVID-19 AND HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN BRAZIL: ARE WE COPING?
Authors: De Macedo Antonio Vaz
Published: October 2020

This is an overview of the current COVID-19 pandemic in the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Scenario in Brazil.
Congenital Genu Recurvatum
Authors: Dr. Abhijit Shinde  , Dr. Sunil Natha Mhaske  , Dr. Sonal Shinde
Published: October 2020

Congenital genu recurvatum is a rare malformation characterized by hyperextension of the knee and marked limitation of flexion1. We report a case of a newborn baby with hyperextension of right knee joint and anterior dislocation of tibia on femur. A full term baby girl born by normal vaginal delivery, presented with extreme hyperextension of right knee. Right knee was straightened passively. There were no associated anomalies. Radiograph revealed anterior dislocation of tibia on femur. Both hips were normal. Gentle manipulation followed by above knee slab was used on the first day of life. The slab was removed in three weeks. In three weeks, the knee adopted a normal shape. The slab was discontinued and the mother was advised to continue passive stretching. A follow up at the age of one month showed normal position of the knee.
Perspectiva radical del currículum oculto
Authors: García de León Blanca Azucena
Published: October 2020

La reprobación es un tema cotidiano a nivel universitario, según la oficina de Control Académico de la unidad donde se realizó el estudio, en la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, para el año 2019 inscribieron a 791 estudiantes en el Profesorado en Lengua y Literatura, los cuales durante su primer año de estudios reprobaron por lo menos un curso 358 estudiantes, que representan el 45.25% de reprobación en esa carrera. Diversos estudios plantean que son múltiples los factores que conllevan a la reprobación, entre ellos los personales, socioafectivos, académicos y económicos, donde el estudiante es el responsable de su proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje. Poco se ha abordado la Perspectiva radical del Curriculum Oculto y su relación con la reprobación; siendo una variable novedosa, que pretende proporcionar nuevo conocimiento a la investigación. El objetivo específico del estudio es establecer los componentes de la perspectiva radical del Currículum Oculto que se manifiestan en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, según los estudiantes del Profesorado en Lengua y Literatura. El enfoque utilizado fue mixto, sin embargo, para efectos del artículo se presenta únicamente el abordaje cuantitativo; con diseño no experimental, explicativo y secuencial. La muestra no probabilística siendo 71 estudiantes del profesorado en Lengua y Literatura, que llevaron curso en vacaciones durante el segundo semestre del año 2019. El instrumento utilizado fue la encuesta de donde se obtienen los resultados que manifiestan que en efecto se visualizan los componentes de la perspectiva radical del Currículum Oculto, los cuales son el uso de metodología tradicional, sistema de evaluación con énfasis en la memoria, falta de contextualización de la educación, manifestaciones de poder del docente dentro del salón de clase.
Derecho ambiental: percepción estudiantil sobre la enseñanza de jurisprudencia
Authors: Maldonado Flores Pedro Rafael
Published: October 2020

El curso de Derecho Ambiental se imparte en las Facultades de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales desde hace largo tiempo. A pesar que la problemática ambiental ha llegado a las Cortes, son pocos los abogados que litigan estos casos, el estudio pretende analizar si los contenidos y técnicas de intercambio de saberes del curso influyen en el desinterés por el litigio en esta rama del derecho. El presente artículo presenta un estudio descriptivo, cuya finalidad es conocer cuál es la percepción de estudiantes de los últimos semestres de la carrera de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales de las universidades Mariano Gálvez de Guatemala y San Carlos de Guatemala sobre los conocimientos adquiridos acerca de jurisprudencia en el curso de derecho ambiental. Para el estudio fueron seleccionados a conveniencia un total de 90 estudiantes, 45 de cada una de las casas de estudio para constar el cuestionario que se diseñó para la encuesta. El análisis de resultados se presenta en forma porcentual. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes perciben que los contenidos sobre jurisprudencia en el curso de Derecho Ambiental son reducidos, lo que abre la posibilidad de poder desarrollar procesos de fortalecimiento del módulo sobre jurisprudencia en la Universidad Mariano Gálvez y una readecuación curricular para incluir dicho tema en la Universidad de San Carlos, donde el programa del curso, no lo contempla.
Importancia de la Maestría en Currículum
Authors: Álvarez Liliana del Rosario
Published: October 2020

El término Currículum y el quehacer del profesional en currículum es poco conocido en Guatemala.  Esta situación ha mantenido al sistema educativo y a la educación en general en un nivel bajo y con pocas posibilidades de brindar, a través de la educación mejores oportunidades de desarrollo a la población.  El papel que desempeña un currículista es de suma importancia porque recae bajo su responsabilidad coordinar la  aplicación del desarrollo curricular,  la evaluación constante de todos los procesos que conlleva la enseñanza-aprendizaje y promover los cambios en el currículum,  de acuerdo a las necesidades de formación de las comunidades en donde se esté trabajando. Ingresar a la maestría en currículum representa un gran reto y una gran riqueza.  El especialista en currículum tendrá el conocimiento teórico, que le permitirá  visualizar de una manera general,  la posibilidad de que la población que sea atendida con un nuevo diseño curricular que satisfaga sus necesidades en cuanto a mejorar su calidad de vida.  Por esta razón es imperativo que la sociedad conozca el trabajo que realiza un curriculista y que se atienda a la necesidad de que en cada ambiente educativo debe estar presente un especialista en esta rama, lo que garantizará mejores resultados durante el proceso de enseñar y aprender.
La universidad en tiempos de Pandemia: una oportunidad para descolonizar el modelo intramuros
Authors: Castillo Castillo Marco Antonio
Published: October 2020

El uso de las redes virtuales se convirtió en el recurso que reemplazo las clases presenciales durante el aislamiento social por la pandemia del Covid-19. Sin embargo, su implementación deja al descubierto dificultades y desafíos, que retan la lógica presencial de la Universidad, desmitificando muchos paradigmas que se centran en un modelo que privilegia el enfoque intramuros y lo edifica con grandes construcciones y complejos modelamientos para su funcionalidad. Las preguntas recurrentes ante esta nueva realidad serán: ¿Están dadas las condiciones para un cambio que descolonice la lógica intramuros de nuestras universidades latinoamericanas? ¿Alcanza con la tecnología disponible para un cambio que rompa con un concepto de varios siglos de vigencia? ¿Cuál debería ser el rol de las universidades en la pandemia, cerrarse o buscar caminos en el modelo de entrega? ¿Es posible descolonizar un modelo centrado en la presencialidad por un modelo que progresivamente pase a ser un modelo hibrido o 100% virtual? Y la última pregunta del ensayo ¿Es posible retar a la lógica de una universidad que subsiste en un pensamiento intramuros por un modelo que descolonice los muros universitarios y nos permita tener una nueva mirada que sea más incluyente, culturalmente pertinente, pedagógicamente flexible, pero sobre todo se base en un principio inclusividad intercultural?
SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR WITH INCREASED ROTOR SPEED
Authors: Petrov Aleksei A. , Makarov Aleksei V. , Makarov Valeriy G. , Grigoriev Nikita Yu.
Published: October 2020

Development of the design of a synchronous electric motor with six C-shaped stator teeth, the rotor axis of rotation of which is displaced relative to the axis of rotation of the output shaft. The rotational speed of the output shaft is equal to twice the rotational speed of the stator magnetic flux. Determination of the phase shifts of the supply voltages in time and the spatial position of the stator windings. Visualization of the principle of operation of the electric motor under consideration, namely, step-by-step observation of the position of the rotor in space, when the sinusoidal voltage wave changes by an angle equal to π, with a step of π/6. Mathematical description of the engine under consideration, with all the structural features of the stator-rotor magnetic circuit. In the course of the work, analytical calculation methods were applied. As a result of the study, the basic laws of operation were determined, as well as the design and principle of operation of the considered electric motor with a suspended rotation speed.
EVALUATION OF THE ERROR EFFECT IN SYNCHRONOUS VECTOR MEASUREMENTS OF ANGLES AT VOLTAGES ON ASSESSING THE DUTY PARAMETERS OF ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS
Authors: Batseva Natalia L. , Foos Julia A. , Pankratov Aleksey V.
Published: October 2020

Telemeasurements and telesignals coming from telemechanics devices to the operational information complex are used as the initial data for solving the problem of state assessment. The disadvantage of telemeasurement chopping is that they do not contain angles at voltages that are necessary for assessing the mode parameters in solving a number of technological problems. Implementing the Transitional Modes Monitoring System has provided opportunities to improve solving the problem of state assessing by the data of synchronous vector measurements coming from synchronous vector measurement devices. However, failures on the satellite channel of synchronous vector measurement devices, as well as high load of communication networks result in errors in the arrays of synchronous vector measurements. The question of accuracy in solving the problem of state assessing at the influence of errors in synchronous vector measurements of angles at voltages on the mode parameters is not fully studied and is at the stage of research. State assessment is done using algorithms based on mathematical methods. The existing algorithms do not make it possible to take into account synchronized vector measurements of angles at voltages and require modification. The article presents a modified algorithm developed on the basis of the Gauss–Newton method, making it possible to use telemeasurements and synchronized vector measurements together, to evaluate the impact errors in synchronized vector measurements of angles at voltages on assessing the mode parameters, to determine allowable error intervals according to conditions of ensuring correct estimation mode parameters, to make the conclusion on advisability to use synchronized vector dimensions of angles in solving the problem of state assessing. The algorithm is tested using computational experiments when evaluating such mode parameters as active and reactive load power, voltage module, power flows. On the basis of studies, the error intervals of angles have been revealed, beyond which taking into account the angles at voltages will contribute to improving the accuracy of state estimation. The parameters of the mode that are the most sensory to the increase of errors in synchronized vector measurements of angles are determined.