bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exercise of Personal Non-Property Parental Rights and Duties: Judicial Protection in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Head of the Department of Theory of State and Law of the Saint-Petersburg University of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation LL.D., Professor, Nizhnik Nadezhda S. , Burdanova Natalia A. ,   Judge of the Moskovskiy District Court of Saint Petersburg Lecturer of the Advanced Training Faculty of the Northwestern Branch of the Russian State University of Justice
Published: March 2021

The exercise of personal non-property parental rights and responsibilities in modern Russia is ensured by the possibility of judicial protection and the application of sanctions for non-performance or improper performance. Failure by the parents of the child and other persons to reach agreement on the issues of upbringing, education and child’s place of residence leads to litigation on the exercise of personal non-property parental rights and responsibilities. The regulatory grounds for litigation related to the exercise of personal non-property parental rights and obligations and the possibility of judicial resolution of a dispute related to the exercise of parental rights and obligations have been considered by the author on the basis of the analysis of legislation and judicial practice. The classification of disputes related to the exercise of personal parental rights and obligations has been made according to various criteria (according to the subject composition and content of disputes). The rules of subject matter jurisdiction and court jurisdiction of disputes related to the exercise of personal parental rights and responsibilities have been characterized.
Isolation, Identification and Analysis of Probiotic Characteristics of Lactobacillus spp. from Regional Yoghurts from Surendranagar District, Gujarat
Authors: Soni Manish , Shah Hemaliben R. , Patel Shraddhaben M.
Published: March 2021

Background: Probiotics are good bacterial species. They confer health benefits to the human gastrointestinal tract. Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium are the most commonly used probiotic strains. Methods: In the present study; Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from the different regional yoghurt sample (masti, lite and household fermented dahi). Identification and analysis was done by different morphological characterization, biochemical tests and probiotic characterization like pH tolerance, bile salt tolerance, temperature tolerance and NaCl tolerance etc. of isolated lactobacillus spp. Result: This study indicated that Lactobacillus species from yogurt samples have potential probiotic properties.
Effect of High Temperature, Short Time (HTST) Pasteurization on Milk Quality Intended for Consumption
Authors: Bousbia Aissam , Gueroui Yassine , Boudalia Sofiane , Benada Mhamed , Chemmam Mabrouk
Published: March 2021

Background: In the dairy industry, hygienic quality and safety of milk and dairy products are very important for human health. Methods: The samples taken at the inlet and outlet of the HTST pasteurization process were subjected to physicochemical, bacteriological and sensory analysis. Result: showed that pasteurization has not only been beneficial, as in the case of the hygienic quality of raw milk, where the number of the Total Mesophilic Aerobic Flora dropped by 94% after heat treatment, to reach an average of 5.62 × 104 CFU ml-1 of the thermo-resistant bacteria. Heat treatment resulted in a decrease of protein and lactose values for both types of milk. In fact, this loss is more marked in raw milk than in reconstituted milk (4% against 1.8%, respectively, p less than 0.05). Wetting was more marked after pasteurization for raw milk (0.102°C) compared to reconstituted milk (0.014°C). Sensory profiles were modified in both milk types, with a significant decrease in color, viscosity and flavor descriptors and a significant increase in the intensity of smell and taste (p less than 0.05).
Management of Wilt Complex of Chickpea with Seed Biopriming and Soil Application of Trichoderma spp.
Authors: Parmar H.V. , Gohel N.M.
Published: March 2021

Background: Chickpea wilt complex caused by several soil-borne pathogens is a serious biotic constraint for chickpea production. Methods: To find out the effective management of the disease through seed biopriming and soil application of biocontrol agents under in vivo and in vitro conditions experiments were carried out during rabi 2018-19 and 2019-20 at Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat. Result: Seed biopriming showed a positive impact producing vigorous plant shoot and root system, besides disease control during in vitro conditions. While under in vivo conditions, the pooled results of two years revealed that seed biopriming for 10 h with the suspension of talc-based formulation (2 x 108 CFU/g) of Trichoderma viride or T. asperellum @ 50 g in 250 ml of water/kg of seed followed by soil application of T. viride or T. asperellum enriched FYM (10g/kg FYM) @ 100 g/m2 of soil found significant for the disease management as well as higher yield. The seed biopriming alone control the disease in the range of 23-34% and increased the yield of chickpea by 23-29%. However, combined applications of seed biopriming as well as soil application significantly control the disease in the range of 51-70% and increased the grain yield by 41-51% over untreated control.
Sınıf II Divizyon 1 Malokluzyonlu Hastada Headger İle Çekimsiz Ortodontik Tedavi Başarısının PAR İndeksi İle İncelenmesi
Authors: AKSOY Alev , ZAİDAN Luay Ali
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı sınıf II Divizyon 1 malokluzyona sahip olan hastanın headgear ile tedavisinin sonuçlarının PAR (İyileştirme Değerlendirme Derecelendirme) indeksi ile incelenmesidir. PAR indeksi, tedavi öncesi ve sonrası alçı modeller kullanılarak tedavi sonucunu değerlendirmek hedefiyle oluşturulmuş bir indekstir. Çalışmamızda Sınıf II Divizyon 1 maloklüzyonu olan bir vakanın çekimsiz tedavisi Headgear ile yapıldı. Tedaviye bağlı olarak oklüzyonda meydana gelen değişiklikleri hesaplamak için (Ağırlıklı PAR puanı yüzdesindeki azalma- PAR %)'nın yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ortodontik tedavi iyileşmesinin tespit edilmesinde PAR (%) yönteminin, tedavi öncesi PAR puanına göre değişikliği yansıttığı bilinmektedir. Olgumuzun PAR değerleri; PARbaşı 29, PARson 8'e düştü, PARfark 21 puanlık bir düşüş gösterdi ve PAR % = %72 hesaplandı ve bu durumda, PAR %, %70'ten daha büyük olduğu için "büyük ölçüde iyileştirmiş-çok başarılı" olarak kabul edildi.
AYASOFYA İLE İLGİLİ HABERLERİN MEDYA VE İDEOLOJİ BAĞLAMINDA ÇÖZÜMLENMESİ: TÜRK YAZILI BASINI ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: MISIRLI Gülsemin , ERDOĞAN Mehmet
Published: March 2021

Temel işlevi haber verme olan medyanın olayları aktarırken gösterdiği farklı söylem biçimleri birçok iletişim araştırmasına konu olmuştur. Farklı siyasal yönelimleri, sunum biçimleri ve okuyucu kitleleri olan medya kurumları, kurdukları söylemlerle olayları kendi ideolojileri çerçevesinde yeniden üretebilmektedirler. Böylece ideoloji gazetelerin temsiline etki ederek birbirinden farklı gerçeklik algılarına yol açabilmektedir. Bu çalışma 24 Temmuz 2020 tarihinde Ayasofya’nın ibadete açılışının Türk yazılı basında nasıl haberleştirildiğini, söylemlerin nasıl üretildiğini, sözcüklerin nasıl seçildiğini ve hedef kitleye nasıl aktarıldığını ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca söz konusu haberlerin sunuluşunda egemen söylem ve farklı ideolojik yapılara ait söylemlerin aynı olayları aktarırken gösterdiği farklılıkların araştırılması çalışmanın temel amacıdır. Bu kapsamda çalışmada, iki farklı ideolojik yapıya sahip olan Sabah, Yeni Şafak (muhafazakâr basını temsilen) gazeteleri ile Sözcü, Cumhuriyet (sol basını temsilen) gazetelerinin eleştirel söylem analizi bağlamında incelenmiştir. Analizler, Ayasofya’nın ibadete açılmasının ardından kılınan ilk cuma namazı sonrası gazetelerin ilk sayfaları ile sınırlı tutulmuştur. Yapılan analizlerin sonucunda, gazetelerin Ayasofya’nın ibadete açılış haberini kendi ideolojilerine paralel olarak sunduğu ve kurdukları söylem aracılığıyla ideolojik mücadeleyi sürdürdükleri görülmüştür.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP HAK-HAK ANAK ATAS PENDIDIKAN PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 [The Legal Protection of Children's Right to Education during the Covid-19 Pandemic]
Authors: Phillo Cynthia , Arteja Hessa , Rizqi M Faiz
Published: March 2021

Children as the forerunners of the successor to the future Indonesia nation make children individuals who become priorities in holding the right to education. The law itself has governed the rights that a child must have, including the right to get a proper education. Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, the government finds it difficult in providing legal protection for a proper education rights of children. By using normative legal method, this paper will explain how the legal protection of children’s rights  over education during the COVID-19 Pandemic that’s happening and how the government’s role is in fulfilling childern’s rights in getitng an education.

Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: Anak sebagai cikal bakal penerus bangsa Indonesia menjadikan anak sebagai individu yang menjadi prioritas dalam memegang hak pendidikan. Undang-undang sendiri telah mengatur tentang hak-hak yang harus diteirma oleh anak, termasuk hak dalam pendidikan. Karena Pandemi COVID-19 yang terjadi, menambah kesulitan bagi pemerintah untuk memberikan perilundungan hukum bagi hak anak atas pendidikan. Dengan menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif, tulisan ini akan menjelaskan bagaimana perlindungan hukum hak anak atas pendidikan pada masa Pandemi COVID-19 yang sedang tejadi dan bagaimana peran negara dalam memenuhi hak anak dalam mendapat pendidikan.
Oncological Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Fadeeva Ekaterina
Published: March 2021

The article is dedicated to a comprehensive assessment of the issues relating to providing medical care to oncological patients in Russia during the pandemic of COVID-19 coronavirus infection. The author highlights that the coronavirus situation has imposed a serious burden on the healthcare systems and exposed the existing problems in the organization of healthcare in most developed countries of the world. The pandemic has worsened the situation with the availability and quality of medical care provided to the population. The article places special emphasis on the explanation of the extreme vulnerability of patients with malignancies to COVID-19. Based on the analysis of statistical data and public surveys, we provide the estimated prevalence of oncological diseases on the territory of the Russian Federation. The study mainly focuses on the analysis of the current state of the oncological care system. The author has attempted to unveil the core causes of the worsened availability of oncological care to the population. The significant deterioration in the epidemiological situation has not only shown an urgent necessity to adjust the organization of healthcare to patients with malignancies, but also revealed the core problems of the oncological care system that aggravated during the pandemic: inadequate state funding in cancer fighting and suboptimal payment rates for oncological medical care, insufficient staffing, limited availability of diagnostics to the public, shortcomings of the drug supply system to oncological patients. In conclusion, the author substantiates the idea that the coronavirus pandemic should become a driver for the development of the public healthcare and oncological care systems.
The Capacity of Target Groups of the Population as a Factor of Integration of the Social Space in a Locality
Authors: Kharchenko Konstantin
Published: March 2021

The paper presents an analysis of the capacity of target groups of the population which are considered as a social base for the implementation of strategies of socioeconomic development. The aim of the study is to define the ways of identifying and tools of activating of the capacity of various groups of the population in relation to strategy planning and implementation. The capacity of target groups is considered in a context of the concept of capacity as a managerial category with its both objective and subjective senses. The capacity of target groups is identified among the various sorts of capacity of a territory. The concepts of target groups capacity and social capacity, social and labor capacity, social and target groups are correlated. The capacity of target groups is shown on the example of two certain localities: Mostovski raion (Krasnodar krai) and the city district of Megion (Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous okrug – Ugra). As a result of reflection analysis of the process and outcomes of strategic planning there were revealed more than ten target groups typical for both localities. Specific target groups were also identified. The role of each of group under the condition of both inertial and purposeful development of the locality was highlighted. The identification of target groups had let to classify them by the criteria of typicality, localization in relation to the borders of the locality, cohesion, presence in the real world / result of intent construction. It was proposed to form a ‘thesaurus’ of target groups to apply while analyzing the social potential of the other localities.
Spheres of Employment in Rural Areas of the Penza Region and the Republic of Tatarstan (Based on Statistics and Interview Materials)
Authors: Sagdieva Elvina
Published: March 2021

The problems of the rural labor market are relevant for the Russian rural economy and have their own characteristics in the regions. The article analyzes the employment opportunities provided by the rural environment of the Penza region and the Republic of Tatarstan. The villagers in these regions are employed in the formal sphere (employment in large agricultural organizations, peasant farms, work in budgetary organizations, engaging in agricultural and non-agricultural business) and in the informal sphere (work in private farmsteads, one-time hired employment, earnings on the road). According to the All-Russian Agricultural Census 2016 and expert assessments in interviews, rural residents of the Penza region more often than in the Republic of Tatarstan develop non-agricultural businesses, hire workers to work in private farmsteads, participate more actively in labor migration, preferring to leave for large Russian cities and especially to Moscow. The villagers of Tatarstan more often than in the region are employed in large agricultural organizations; they hire workers in farms, prefer to develop agricultural business, go to work, mainly in the cities of the republic. In both regions, the processes of demographic aging of the countryside, migration activity of young people, issues of low wages, a shortage of qualified personnel and seasonal employment in rural areas are relevant.
Child Relationships in the Triad «School-Student-Family» During the Development of Distance Learning
Authors: Beschasnaya Albina
Published: March 2021

In the spring of 2020, the WHO announced a coronavirus pandemic, which changed the usual course of events around the world. Many everyday tasks required additional efforts and resources. Remote educational technologies acquired a non-alternative and total nature, which necessitated their rapid development by all participants in the educational process. This period of mastering the school curriculum by children and their parents has become memorable for all subjects of the new virtual educational space. Teachers, parents, children had to urgently try themselves in a new quality and replenish the content of the social role with new «competencies».
In order to identify the characteristics of the «school-student-family» relationship that developed during the period of mass and accelerated transfer of school education to a distance format and to determine the place and role of the child in this system of relations and a specific situation, a sociological study was conducted. It consisted of a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches – from content analysis and discourse analysis. As a source of information, we took text messages from users of the social network «Instagram» who spoke out on the problem of mastering distance educational technologies in the initial period of a pandemic. The study showed that in the triad of school-studentfamily relations, a child, due to age-related psychophysiological immaturity and lack of technical literacy in the use of distance educational technologies, acquires a secondary role as a «follower». The barriers in the acquisition of new knowledge that arose along with the introduction of distance technologies in school education updated the information and knowledge factor, the strengthening of which erases the boundaries between the child and adult world, and the lack of it isolates childhood from adults.
The Correlation of Family and Household Factors on The Incidence of Stunting on Toddlers in Three Villages Sumberbaru Health Center Work Area of Jember
Authors: Rufaida Farmarida Dika , Raharjo Angga Mardro , Handoko Adelia
Published: March 2021

Stunting is a condition of the child's length or height according to his age compared to the WHO standard, the z-score is less than -2SD. Stunting is caused by multifactorial which can affect directly or indirectly and causes various adverse effects. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of family and household factors on the incidence of stunting (especially sex of toddler, age of toddler, father's education, mother's education, mother's employment status, number of children, birth distance, family income, and mother's height) in three villages Sumberbaru Health Center Work Area of Jember. This type of research is observational analytic research with cross-sectional research design. A sample of 130 people who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling technique. Bivariate analysis using chi-square test and multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression. The results of the bivariate analysis of this study showed p <0.05 on sex of toddler, number of children, family income, mother’s height, and p > 0.05 on age of toddler, father's education, mother's education, mother's employment status, birth distance. Multivariate analysis showed mother's height <147cm (p = 0,007; OR = 3,345), family income below UMK Jember (p = 0,045; OR = 2,344), and male sex (p = 0,044; OR = 0,456 ). Based on these results it can be concluded that the incidence of stunting is directly affected by mother's height <147cm, family income below UMK Jember, and male sex of boys. While indirectly affected by the number of children >2. Factors that did not affect the incidence of stunting were the age of the toddler, father's education, mother's education, mother's employment status, and birth distance. Mother's height <147cm is the most influencing factor.
Safety concerns in China’s construction industry
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, Zhongsheng Tang
Published: March 2021

Objective: To study the main problems of labor process safety in the construction industry drawing on the example of the construction of residential buildings. To identify the main factors affecting the construction safety conditions. To propose a new organizational structure for workforce to improve safety management at the construction site. Methods: Analysis, synthesis, statistical method, comparison method, and legal analysis method were applied. Results: It has been established that the growth rate of China’s construction sector surpasses its regulatory framework, which needs to be changed as soon as possible. The state needs to make a concerted effort to unify labor safety standards at construction sites. Five factors were identiﬁed that affect the safety conditions during the construction of a residential building: human, construction equipment, environment, construction management and technical. As a result of the study, a new organizational structure for the working personnel has been proposed, based on strengthening supervision both by the management and among the workers in order to change safety conditions management at the construction site. A detailed analysis of the incidents that occurred in 2018 made it possible to identify the most frequent accidents related to construction safety, as well as their types. Construction failures are mainly attributed to management rather than technical aspects. Practical importance: The results obtained can become the basis for further research on occupational safety in China’s construction industry, training and lecture materials. The proposed organizational structure of the working personnel will enable construction companies to carry out construction projects most efﬁciently while observing all labor protection standards. It is necessary to update the legal framework in the ﬁeld of working conditions safety.
Reducing the cost of fuel and energy resources through the use of hybrid multi-unit rolling stock
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, Obukhov M. Yu. , Kalinin N. P. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University
Published: March 2021

Objective: Analysis of the economic feasibility of replacing diesel multiple units with hybrid ones exempliﬁed by the Saint Petersburg–Vyborg route (through Primorsk). Methods: To solve the problem of energy efﬁciency of multiple units, an integrated approach is applied which is focused on the practical signiﬁcance and economic feasibility of the results. Results: The data obtained can serve as a basis for the rational selection of rolling stock to use in the sections with alternating arrangement of autonomous and non-autonomous traction. Practical importance: The concept developed will allow for effective selection of multiple units for operation in the sections with alternating arrangement of autonomous and non-autonomous traction.
Special features of block trains and container trains promotion in the terminal network of the Saint Petersburg hub
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, Pokrovskaya O. D.
Published: March 2021

Objective: To analyze special features of block trains and container trains promotion in the terminal network of the Saint Petersburg hub, in the environment of the discussed transport hub. Methods: The means and methods of the theory of warehouse systems developed by O. B. Malikov, general systems theory, system and economic analysis, logistics, and railways operational management have been applied. Results: It has been established that in order to attract transit cargo ﬂows and further develop international transport corridors passing through the Saint Petersburg hub, primarily East–West directions, it is necessary to create a network of container terminals with ﬂexible logistics. This solution will expand the range of delivery areas using block trains, form competitive through rates, reorient highly proﬁtable freight trafﬁc from road transport to railways, as well as organize interaction with European and Chinese intermodal and stevedore slotting operators and expand the operation areas block trains, container trains, express and specialized trains. Practical importance: The results obtained can be applied in the implementation of the Saint Petersburg transport hub development concept, in the design of railway hub individual elements and units, as well as in the servicing optimization of the seaport and terminal infrastructure.
On icing of railway rolling stock under operating conditions of Northern Latitudinal Railway
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, Polyakova E. Ya. , Polyakov B. O. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, Dubinskiy S. I. ,   AO “Research Institute Railway Transport”
Published: March 2021

Objective: Study of the mechanism of forming compacted snow masses deposits on the surfaces of the undercar space and undercarriage of the rolling stock, study of forming microclimatic conditions in the niches of the undercarriage due to the interaction of air masses of the incoming ﬂow with convective ﬂows formed during the operation of the brake equipment. Methods: Solid models in the SolidWorks software package are developed, CFD analysis is implemented by the ﬁnite volume method in the FlowSimulation module based on the numerical solution of the Navier–Stokes equations. Results: By means of numerical modeling, the presence of a centrifugal-transverse zone of the ﬂuid behind the surface of the wheel rim was established, as a result of which drops are carried out in the radial direction, adhering to the metal parts of the undercar space, creating a white type of ice formations that can increase in size due to the braking process. To redirect the ﬂow containing snow inclusions, a deﬂector device is proposed. Diagrams of temperature ﬁelds in the plane of the bogie brake discs were obtained with and without a deﬂector, a comparative analysis was carried out, and a conclusion was made about the necessity of using the device. Practical importance: The performed numerical modeling made it possible to visually demonstrate the main zones of the ice build-up formation on the undercarriage of a moving rolling stock and to identify a variant of controlling the dimensions of these areas using the proposed device of a mechanical deﬂector.
Implikasi Pengawasan Tata Kelola dan Corporate Social Responsibility Terhadap Profitabilitas di Indonesia
Authors: Taufik Muhammad , Jonathan Jonathan
Published: March 2021

Studi ini menginvestigasi implikasi antara pengawasan dari karakteristik tata kelola-yang terdiri dari dewan komisaris independen, jumlah komite audit, kepemilikan institusional, dan kepemilikan manajerial dan corporate social responsibility (CSR) terhadap profitabilitas. Teknik regresi menggunakan data panel dengan rincian 2.060 data dari perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2015-2019. Kepemilikan manajerial dan CSR berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap return on asset (ROA) sehingga dinilai mereduksi agency cost. Sebaliknya, dewan komisaris independen, jumlah komite audit, dan kepemilikan institusional tidak berpengaruh terhadap ROA sehingga mengkonfirmasi penurunan tata kelola perusahaan di Indonesia. Studi ini berkontribusi menunjukkan adanya regulasi tata kelola "yang hanya dipenuhi" tanpa memberi substansi, serta menekankan bahwa aspek sosial eksisten dalam kajian stakeholder perusahaan.
PENGARUH ISLAMIC CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP KINERJA BANK SYARIAH: STUDI EMPIRIS INDONESIA DAN MALAYSIA
Authors: Billah Faris Achmad Muhtadin , Fianto Bayu Arie
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh karakteristik Islamic corporate governance terhadap kinerja bank syariah di Indonesia dan Malaysia. Dengan menggunakan regresi data panel 28 bank syariah di Indonesia dan Malaysia periode 2013-2019, penelitian ini menemukan adanya pengaruh Islamic corporate governance (ICG) secara simultan terhadap kinerja bank syariah. Hasil estimasi dengan dan tanpa variabel kontrol menunjukkan hanya variabel tingkat pendidikan Dewan Pengawas Syariah (DPS) yang konsisten memiliki pengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap kinerja bank syariah. Dengan menambahkan variabel kontrol, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel gender diversity dan frekuensi rapat DPS masing-masing berpengaruh positif dan negatif terhadap kinerja bank syariah. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan wawasan bagi regulator untuk dapat meningkatkan kinerja bank syariah melalui praktik ICG. Kata Kunci: Bank syariah, Dewan Pengawas Syariah, Indonesia, Islamic corporate governance, Kinerja bank, Malaysia. ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the impact of Islamic corporate governance characteristics on the performance of Islamic banks in Indonesia and Malaysia. By using panel data regression of 28 Islamic banks in Indonesia and Malaysia for the 2013-2019 period, this study found the simultaneous influence of Islamic corporate governance (ICG) characteristics on the performance of Islamic banks. The results with and without control variables show that only the Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB) education level consistently has a significant negative effect on the performance of Islamic banks. By adding the control variable, the results show that the gender diversity variable and the frequency of SSB meetings have a positive and negative effect on the performance of Islamic banks, respectively. The results of this study provide insights for regulators to improve the performance of Islamic banks through ICG practices.Keywords: Bank performance, Indonesia, Islamic corporate governance, Islamic banks, Malaysia, Syariah Supervisory Board.
The microvine, a model for studies in grapevine physiology and genetics
Authors: Torregrosa Laurent Jean-Marie , Rienth Markus , Romieu Charles , Pellegrino Anne
Published: March 2021

Context and challenges: Like most other perennial crops, the grapevine needs to undergo a juvenile period before fruiting. Thus, the development of reproductive organs from seedlings is possible only after the second or third vegetative cycle. Each proleptic axis then displays only one to three inflorescences per growing cycle. These biological features and the size of the adult vine are major hindrances to the design of experiments on fruit and plant physiology, and complicate and lengthen the time required for studies in grapevine breeding and genetics.Significance of the review: The microvine is a dwarf phenotype resulting from a mutation in the VviGAI1 gene, which induces miniaturization of all vegetative organs and conversion of tendrils into inflorescences without affecting berry development. The small size of the microvine allows tight control of environmental conditions. Spatial developmental gradients fit well with temporal series of each phytomer position. Thus, kinetic profiles can be inferred from spatial information. In the first part of the paper, we describe the molecular and genetic mechanisms determining microvine phenotypes, reviewing the main biological properties of the microvine model. Subsequently, the results of recent studies in which the model was used for research in grapevine physiology and genetics are summarized. The review focuses on experiments investigating the effects of temperature on vegetative and reproductive organogenesis, berry development, and biomass allocation at the whole-plant level. Furthermore, we discuss and illustrate how the model can be used to identify (QTL) quantitative trait loci in fruit development and adaptive traits that could be useful when selecting genotypes in anticipation of the effects of global warming.
Euler-Bernoulli Beam Theory: First-Order Analysis, Second-Order Analysis, Stability, and Vibration Analysis Using the Finite Difference Method
Authors: Fogang Valentin
Published: March 2021

This paper presents an approach to the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory (EBBT) using the finite difference method (FDM). The EBBT covers the case of small deflections, and shear deformations are not considered. The FDM is an approximate method for solving problems described with differential equations (or partial differential equations). The FDM does not involve solving differential equations; equations are formulated with values at selected points of the structure. The model developed in this paper consists of formulating partial differential equations with finite differences and introducing new points (additional points or imaginary points) at boundaries and positions of discontinuity (concentrated loads or moments, supports, hinges, springs, brutal change of stiffness, etc.). The introduction of additional points permits us to satisfy boundary conditions and continuity conditions. First-order analysis, second-order analysis, and vibration analysis of structures were conducted with this model. Efforts, displacements, stiffness matrices, buckling loads, and vibration frequencies were determined. Tapered beams were analyzed (e.g., element stiffness matrix, second-order analysis). Finally, a direct time integration method (DTIM) was presented. The FDM-based DTIM enabled the analysis of forced vibration of structures, the damping being considered. The efforts and displacements could be determined at any time.
Climate Analogues for Temperate European Forests –Forestry Practice Profits From Silvicultural Evidence in Twin Regions
Authors: Mette Tobias , Brandl Susanne , Kölling Christian
Published: March 2021

Climate analogues provide forestry practice empirical evidence of how forests are managed in “twin” regions, i.e. regions where the current climate is comparable to the expected future climate at a site of interest. But the uncertain future climate creates uncertainty in how to adapt the forests. We therefore investigate how the uncertainty in future climate affects tree species suitability and whether there is a common underlying pattern. Like most studies we employ different ensemble variants of RCP 4.5 and 8.5. But instead of focusing on a single point in future time, we resolve each variant in a climate trajectory from 2000 to 2100. We calculate climatic distances between the climate trajectories of our site of interest and the current climate in Europe, generating maps with twin regions from 2000 to 2100. Forest inventories from the twin regions allow us to trace the changes in the prevalence of 23 major tree species. We find that it is not the direction but rather the velocity of the change that differs between the scenarios. We use this pattern to propose a tree species suitability concept that integrates the uncertainty in future climate. Twin regions provide further information on silvicultural practices, pest management, product chains etc.
Screening of Hybrid Jatropha curcas L. Genotypes for Drought Tolerant Abilities as a Source of Superior Variety Characteristics
Authors: Septia Erfan Dani , Rofidah Siti , Arief Sofyan , Maftuchah Maftuchah
Published: March 2021

The scarcity of fuel oil in the future needs to be anticipated by preparing alternative energy. One of the alternative energy sources developed is Jatropha. However, the development of Jatropha should use marginal land as a cultivation area, like a dry land, because the food crops and horticulture use productive land for cultivation. Furthermore, Jatropha development through breeding is an effort to obtain superior varieties as biodiesel producers. This study aimed to determine the best phenotype characteristics of hybrid Jatropha plants as superior candidate trees. This research applied a descriptive qualitative method to determine the characteristics of Jatropha crossing results. The Jatropha characterization was conducted at the experimental garden of Kedung Pengaron Village, Kejayan Sub-district, Pasuruan Regency. The experimental garden was included dry land for Jatropha cultivation. The result showed ten selected genotypes of hybrid Jatropha were found, including 05.01.01, 05.01.02, 05.02.02, 05.02.09, 05.03.17, 05.03.16, 05.04.16, 05.04.15, 06.01.02, 06.01.15. These were based on the two-phase observations, consisting of vegetative and generative observations. The plants’ morphological characters were observed, comprising the stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds. In the vegetative phase, diversity was found in the number of leaves, leaf length and age of flowering, while in the qualitative phase, the shoot colors were more diverse. Moreover, less variations were figured out in the color character of the petiole and the number of shoots. These ten genotypes of hybrid Jatropha are the best genotypes that are resistant to drought with selected agronomic characters.
The Psychological State of Farmers in the Agricultural Cultivation of Food Crops during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Java, Indonesia
Authors: Kusumawati Rafika Nur , Wardani Kharisma Kusuma , Suntoro Suntoro
Published: March 2021

This research aims to discover the psychological state of farmers in the agricultural cultivation of food crops during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is a descriptive explorative study which explores the farmers’ opinions regarding their agricultural activities during the COVID-19 pandemic which reached its peak between March and June 2020. During this period, a Large Scale Social Distancing (LSSD) system was enforced in some areas. The data collection was conducted in June 2020 before the implementation of the new normal, involving 634 respondents which spread across 40 districts throughout Java. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic period, almost all farmers continued to carry out their agricultural activities. Some farmers had implemented the health protocols. According to most farmers’ opinions, doing the agricultural activities made them healthier. With regard to COVID-19, most farmers behave normally, while the rest feel worried. Agricultural extension activities are constrained and hampered by the implementation of physical and social distancing, especially large-scale social restrictions. Seeing the psychological condition of the farmers, where most are continuing to cultivate food crops and only slightly worried about the COVID-19 pandemic, gave hope for the sustainability of agricultural production in the new normal period.
The Behavior and Performance of Cashew Market in South Buton Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Al Zarliani Wa Ode , Wardana Wardana , Amiruddin Achmad
Published: March 2021

Some of the major problems in cashew marketing performance are low production, inefficient marketing system and low income received by farmers. In addition, farmer with a low bargaining position will only receive prices from market players in the midst of increasing demand and competition in the market. The aim of this study is to examine the behavior and performance of the cashew market in South Buton Regency, Indonesia. Furthermore, the marketing channels, margins, costs and benefits received by each agency were used to analyze the technical and economic efficiency. In addition, random and snowball sampling techniques were applied to determine the farmers and traders, respectively. The results showed that the behavior of market price was based on the cost analysis, supply and demand, as well as the expected benefit. Meanwhile, the transactions were made partially (initial payment before and after the products were sold) and some in cash. The market players were unique in providing cooperate capital to farmers. Moreover, the market performance shows an efficient system from the two channel patterns formed, close distance indicates a technically efficient system and low marketing cost indicates economic efficiency.
Investigating the Performance of the Exploratory Graph Analysis When the Data Are Unidimensional and Polytomous
Authors: AVCU Akif
Published: March 2021

The question of how observable variables should be associated with latent structures has been at the center of the area of psychometrics. A recently proposed alternative model to the traditional factor retention methods is called Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA). This method belongs to the broader family of network psychometrics which assumes that the associations between observed variables are caused by a system in which variables have direct and potentially causal interaction. This method approaches the psychological data in an exploratory manner and enables the visualization of the relationships between variables and allocation of variables to the dimensions in a deterministic manner. In this regard, the aim of this study was set as comparing the EGA with traditional factor retention methods when the data is unidimensional and items are constructed with polytomous response format. For this investigation, simulated data sets were used and three different conditions were manipulated: the sample size (250, 500, 1000 and 3000), the number of items (5, 10, 20) and internal consistency of the scale (α = 0.7 and α = 0.9). The results revealed that EGA is a robust method especially when used with graphical least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (GLASSO) algorithm and provides better performance in the retention of a true number of dimension than Kaiser's rule and yields comparable results with the other traditional factor retention methods (optimal coordinates, acceleration factor and Horn's parallel analysis) under some conditions. These results were discussed based on the existing literature and some suggestions were given for future studies.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Psychological Intervention to Improve Satisfaction for Patients with Depression Undergoing TKA
Authors: Geng Xiao , Wang Xinguang , Zhou Ge , Li Feng , Li Yang , Zhao Minwei , Chu Hongling , Li Jitao , Si Tianmei , Liu Zhongjun , Tian Hua
Published: March 2021

Background:

The overall satisfaction of patients after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is approximately 80%, and current studies have demonstrated that patients with depression may have lower patient satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to determine whether perioperative psychological intervention in patients with depression improves the clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction in patients undergoing TKA.

Methods:

Six hundred patients who underwent primary TKA from May 2016 to January 2018 were prospectively screened for eligibility. A preoperative psychological evaluation was conducted by a psychiatrist to evaluate each patient’s psychological status. Patients who were diagnosed with depression were randomly divided into 2 groups: the intervention group (patients received psychological interventions that were administered by a psychiatrist at the first visit before surgery and from then on) and the control group (patients received routine TKA care without psychological interventions). The primary outcome was patient satisfaction at 6 months postoperatively. The secondary outcomes were patient satisfaction at 2 years postoperatively as well as the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) scores, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores, and range of motion at 6 months and 2 years postoperatively.

Results:

Fifty-three patients with depression were identified. Fifty-one patients were enrolled in the randomized controlled trial. Two patients were lost to follow-up at 6 months after surgery. Therefore, 49 patients (25 in the intervention group and 24 in the control group) remained in the final analysis. At 6 months postoperatively, statistical differences in patient satisfaction were identified between the 2 groups (88.0% in the intervention group compared with 62.5% in the control group; odds ratio = 4.40; 95% confidence interval, 1.02 to 18.99). There was a significant improvement in the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) score (the reduction rate was 51.97% in the intervention group compared with 17.35% in the control group) and the Symptom Checklist 90 Revised (SCL-90-R) subscore for depression (the reduction rate was 44.66% in the intervention group compared with 15.73% in the control group). The clinical outcomes, including the WOMAC scores, the HSS scores, and maximal range of motion, in the intervention group had improved significantly more compared with those in the control group.

Conclusions:

Psychological interventions during the perioperative period can improve patient satisfaction in patients with depression who undergo TKA. Therefore, psychological intervention and management may be beneficial for patients with depression who are planning to undergo TKA.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
In memoriam Federico Corriente (14.XI.1940–16.VI.2020)
Authors: Monferrer-Sala Juan Pedro
Published: March 2021

In memoriam Federico Corriente (14.XI.1940–16.VI.2020).
Massive Proteinuria which Rapidly Resolved after Discontinuation of Regorafenib
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital, Bolu, Turkey., Kocak Mehmet Zahid , Aktas Gulali ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital, Bolu, Turkey., Bilgin Satilmis ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital, Bolu, Turkey., Duman Tuba Taslamacioglu ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital, Bolu, Turkey., Kurtkulagi Ozge ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital, Bolu, Turkey., Atak Burcin Meryem ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital, Bolu, Turkey., Ozcil Irem Emir ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital, Bolu, Turkey., Savli Haluk ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital, Bolu, Turkey.
Published: March 2021

Abstract: Regorafenib is treatment option of cancers. It is associated with several adverse effects, including proteinuria. We report a massive proteinuria associated with regorafenib which resolved quickly after discontinuation of the drug. A 63 year old male presented with diarrhea and bilateral swallowing of legs. In urinanalysis, 18.5 g/day of proteinuria was detected. All symptoms, including proteinuria, resolved after discontinuation of regorafenib. Despite cessation of regorafenib treatment is advised in case of proteinuria, we suggest that regorafenib associated proteinuria could be rapidly resolved after discontinuation of the drug.
Peran Perempuan Dalam Meningkatkan Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga Di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Pujilestari Triana , Haryanto Tri
Published: March 2021

Food security at the national or regional level does not ensure food security at the household level. The study aim to analyze the influence of economic, demographic and social characteristics including the level of mother's education, mother's age, mother's occupation, access to the internet, household size, residential area, and household expenditure on the food security household level at NTB Province. Based on the data of The National Socioeconomic Survey (SUSENAS) March 2018 from Statistics Indonesia (BPS), this study is conducted by using multinomial logistic regression method to archieve the objective. The results show that the level of mother's education, mother's age, access to the internet, household size and household expenditure have significant effect to the food security household level at NTB province.
The Dilemma Economic Growth And Poverty Rate In Sulawesi
Authors: Jumiyanti Kalzum R , Moodoeto Moh. Jamal , Karundeng Deby Rita
Published: March 2021

Economic growth is often cited as a significantly contributive factor reduction of the poverty rate. This study aims to investigate the economic growth and poverty among all areas within Sulawesi Island and to compare these two aspects among the island’s provinces. This study employs both comparative quantitative analysis to explore economic growth formulatively and qualitative manner for in depth analysis. The result reveals an escalation in both gross regional domestic product (henceforth regional GDP) and total population each year for the last ten years. However this situation is unable to boost the macro-economic growth; a reason for this condition is the population growth in the recent ten years possibly dominated by High birth rates. Yet, this condition does not lead to a drop in the demand for workforces, which implies that the number of the working-age population (which can help improve the regional per capita income) remains constant despite the population growth. Another possible factor of regional GDP escalation is the fact that the government policy, in its foreign cooperation implementation, does not contribute to the local workforces. Nevertheless, the rise in regional GDP is insignificant as it does not affect the local economic conditions. Hence, it proves that the fluctuation of economic growth does not affect the poverty rate.