bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Qualitative Analysis of Psychological Intervention in Intensive Care Unit in Greece: A Case Study of An Adult Woman with Septic Shock
Authors:   Clinical Psychologist, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), ‘Evaggelismos’ General Hospital of Athens, Greece, Siousioura Dimitra , Kotanidou Anastasia ,   Professor of Intensive Care Medicine, University of Athens Medical School, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), ‘Evaggelismos’ General Hospital of Athens, Greece
Published: July 2021

We report a case study of a woman with Septic Shock who attended Psychological Intervention after medical treatment in the Intensive Care Unit of a Greek Teaching Hospital in Athens. Qualitative analysis of data was collected from Focused Interview, Genogram as a family history tool and Psychological Intervention based on Short/ Systemic Psychotherapy. The study focuses on the deep understanding of the patient’s changes in terms of thoughts, emotions and behaviors after the invasion of a serious disease, like Septic Shock
Successful Surgical Removal of Firmly Impacted Pancreatic Duct Stent: Two Case Report
Authors:   Clinic “GIDMEDI”, Tbilisi, Georgia, A. Kiladze Merab , Mizandar Malkhaz ,   New Hospitals”, Tbilisi, Georgia
Published: July 2021

Successful surgical removal of firmly impacted pancreatic duct stent: Two case report Recently, the self-expandable metallic and plastic stents are increasingly being used for management of different pancreatic disorders. The major indications for pancreatic stent placement are: pancreatic duct stones, chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic strictures, unresectable pancreatic cancer, preventing POPF and post-ERCP pancreatitis, papillary adenoma. Stent placement or retrieval and exchange is difficult process and sometimes it could be the serious clinical challenge. We report two cases of successful removal of firmly impacted pancreatic duct stent by open surgical intervention and transduodenal approach with lateral “side-to-side” pancreaticojejunostomy to prevent the risk of main pancreatic duct restenosis in the first case and with the sphincteroplasty in the second. Therefore, in these challenging cases of firmly impacted pancreatic duct stents, our choice seems to be the most optimal and effective surgical procedure, which could be considered like “parachute” option after failed attempts of stents removal by endoscopic and radiological procedures.
Ovulation Induction in Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) & Hyperprolactinemia (HPRL): Efficacy of Letrozole (LE) Combined with Cabergoline (CE) in Comparison to (LE) Alone
Authors:   Associate Clinical Professor & Senior Consultant, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Al-Amal Hospital / Faculty of Medicine, Misrata University, Libya, Elbareg Aisha Mohamed , Essadi Fathi Mohamed ,   Senior Consultant Obstetrician & Gynecologist, Head of Department, Misrata Medical Centre
Published: July 2021

Objectives: (PCOS) is the most common cause of anovulatory infertility, with majority of patients having mild (HPRL). (CE), a dopamine receptor agonist, inhibits prolactin secretion, leading to better ovulatory response. (LE), an aromatase inhibitor, without adverse effects on endometrium & induces fewer mature follicles with less risk of OHSS. Our aim was to investigate effects of combined (LE) & (CE) in comparison to (LE) alone on ovulation & clinical pregnancy rates in (PCOS) patients with (HPRL). Patients & Methods: 180 women with (PCOS) and of 22-38 years old, were enrolled in a hospital based clinical trial. Patients randomly allocated into 2 groups, (A&B). All with a serum prolactin > 32 ng/ml. Patients in (A): (92) were given (LE), 5mg for 5days: (3 – 7 of the cycle)/3 cycles and (CE), 0.5mg weekly for 12 weeks. Those in (B): (88) received only (LE), same dose & duration as in (A). All patients were matched for their age and BMI. Exclusion criteria: other causes of (HPRL). Outcome measure: ovulation rate & detection of both chemical & clinical pregnancies by βhCG and ultrasound of fetal cardiac activity, 2-4 weeks after missed period. Follow-up for 6 months. Data analysis by using SPSS version for windows, P-value significant if (< 0.05). Results: 3 patients from (A) & 5 from (B) had drug side effects and were excluded. None of patients were lost during the follow-up period. In (A), difference between mean serum prolactin level before & after treatment was statistically significant (P<0.001): 48.3±4.2ng/ml and 8.1±5.2ng/ml, respectively. No significant decrease of prolactin level in (B) (P >0.05). After treatment, BMI in (A) 24.1± 3.2, & 24.2 ± 3.6 in (B) (P=0.567). (56.2%) of women in (A) became regularly menstruating but only (30.1%) in (B) (P< 0.05). Ovulation rate was higher in (A) (50.6%) in comparison to (B) (26.5%), (P<0.05). Clinical pregnancy rate in (A) (41.6%) and (21.6%) in (B) (P<0.05). Neither twin pregnancy, nor OHSS were recorded in both groups. Conclusions: The combination of (LE) & (CE) is superior to (LE) alone in management of anovulatory patients with (PCOS) and should be used as the first-line treatment for them
Hemoophagocitic Lymphohistiocytosis a Case Report
Authors:   Prison Health Hospital (Mother Teresa University Hospital) Tirana Albania, Shani Marsela
Published: July 2021

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), a rare but life-threatening condition characterized by uncontrolled inflammation, is increasingly recognized in adults. The management of adult onset HLH is challenging, in part due to gaps in current state of knowledge on etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management. HLH secondary to triggers such as infections, autoimmune disorders, and malignancy are more commonly seen in adults although cases of familial form have also been reported. Underlying conditions such as sepsis, or malignancy could pose as major confounders while applying universal diagnostic criteria, and therefore could lead to delay in diagnosis. Despite advent of newer therapeutic agents, outcomes of adults continue to remain poor. Future efforts need to be orchestrated to develop evidence-based tailored therapies to improve outcomes of this under recognized heterogeneous entity.
Successful Surgical Repair of Left-Sided Diaphragmatic Hernia after Adult Orthotopic Liver Transplantation: Case Report
Authors:   Clinic “Gidmedi”, Tbilisi, Georgia, Kiladze Merab , Kilic Murat ,   Kent Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
Published: July 2021

Postoperative delayed diaphragmatic hernia (DH) is a rare and uncommon event after adult orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), which however could be potentially life-threatening complication, especially in the absence of early and correct diagnosis and appropriate surgical treatment. We present a case of 48 year-old male with left diaphragmatic herniation of left part of transverse colon, who thirty nine months before underwent OLT with right-sided allograft implantation and which was recently successfully managed by open abdominal approach in our institution. The postoperative course was uneventful and he was discharged at the 8th day after surgery. Our case illustrates, that delayed DH after the OLT in adults could be a new problem, which affect transplant recipients with long-term follow-up period. Hence, we consider, that once the diagnosis of DH is confirmed, the patient should be operated immediately, in order to avoid the possible life-threatening complications.
The “Depression and Elevation” Of ST Segment Settle Down As Momentary “Up and Down “ Of Architect of Artefact : A Case Report Of COVID-19 Patient
Authors:   Associate Consultant, Department of Interventional Cardiology, Fortis Escorts Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, Dadarwal Anurodh , Kumar Sudeep ,   Professor,Department of Cardiology, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, (U.P.), India
Published: July 2021

A young male was admitted with diagnosis of Covid-19 SARS infection and was having fever, cough & non-cardiac chest pain. There was no past history of cardiac symptoms and physical examination was unremarkable. His vitals were stable. His ECG showed ST elevation and Tall but notched T wave in V3 and ST depression in inferior and lateral leads. Carefully looking these manifestations, they seem the artifacts based on their ECG features and history of the patient. ECG was repeated removing all possible sources of technical errors for these ECG manifestations which showed normal ECG confirming the diagnosis of artifactual ECG. Patient was discharged uneventfully. Recognition of ECG artifact and their technical causes is necessary to avoid inappropriate management.
Case Report of A Rare Idiosyncratic Hepatotoxicity Induced by Valproic Acid
Authors:   Sahel General Hospital, Gastroenterology Department, Lebanese University, Bouhairie Malek Michael
Published: July 2021

Valproate induced hepatotoxicity is a well-known side effect, which frequently required periodic monitoring of serum drug level. Hepatotoxicity caused by valproate typically occurs at supratherapeutic drug levels. Once in a while, an idiosyncratic reaction is elicited, liver injury might occur despite normal serum valproate level mainly in chronic users. We hereby identify an unusual case of acute idiosyncratic valproate induced hepatotoxicity. We report a case of a 65 years old male with dyslipidemia and history of seizure, on valproic acid therapy, presented with altered mental status and drowsiness. The patient’s home medications include only zenil 10 mg daily and valproate which was started one month ago. At presentation, He was awake, oriented, but lethargic. Laboratory testing reveals hepatocellular injury with elevated transaminase levels, direct hyperbilirubinemia and coagulopathy. The ammonia level was normal and valproate level was within the therapeutic range. Abdomen computed tomography with IV contrast and MRCP results were irrelevant. Idiosyncratic valproate toxicity was diagnosed after exclusion of all other possible etiologies and after a rapid clinical and laboratory improvement once the drug was discontinued. Based on the patient’s clinical context the diagnosis of valproate induced hepatotoxicity was confirmed. This case emphasizes the importance of identifying, diagnosing, and managing valproate toxicity when no alternative clarification for their symptoms. We need further attempts and more researches to improve the detection of adverse hepatic reactions and to obtain reliable information about the discovery of new biomarkers or tools for early prediction of DILI, as well as to obtain accurate information on epidemiology, drug safety, and pathogenesis in order to improve management for better survival.
A Rare Case of Nsaid Induced Gastric Body Diaphragmatic-Like Stricture
Authors:   Gastroenterology Advanced Trainee Prince of Wales Hospital, Australia, Knox Charlotte , Almeida John ,   Consultant Gastroenterologist Prince of Wales Hospital, Australia
Published: July 2021

Protein-losing gastroenteropathy is a rare syndrome of protein loss from the gastrointestinal system. It manifests with hypoproteinemic edema, which may be due to either lymphatic leakage due to increased interstitial pressure or leakage of protein-rich fluids due to intestinal disorders. Our case describes a 65-year-old female with life-threatening protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) requiring multiple transfers to intensive care unit for vasopressor support. In this rare instance, her extensive initial workup did not reveal any etiology for PLE, but she was later found to have underlying Crohn’s colitis. Protein-losing enteropathy is an underdiagnosed complication of inflammatory bowel disease and must be considered while treating patients with colitis.
A Rare Case Report of Life-Threatening Severe Protein-Losing Gastroenteropathy
Authors:   Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, USA, Sangha Maheep , Kelly Colleen ,   Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, USA, Shahab Ahmed ,   Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
Published: July 2021

Protein-losing gastroenteropathy is a rare syndrome of protein loss from the gastrointestinal system. It manifests with hypoproteinemic edema, which may be due to either lymphatic leakage due to increased interstitial pressure or leakage of protein-rich fluids due to intestinal disorders. Our case describes a 65-year-old female with life-threatening protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) requiring multiple transfers to intensive care unit for vasopressor support. In this rare instance, her extensive initial workup did not reveal any etiology for PLE, but she was later found to have underlying Crohn’s colitis. Protein-losing enteropathy is an underdiagnosed complication of inflammatory bowel disease and must be considered while treating patients with colitis.
Laparoscopic Approach to Left Hepatectomy Using a Standardized Technique
Authors:   Liver Solutions Clinic, Glad Clinic, National University of Singapore, Kin Yong Chang Stephen , Ang R ,   Liver Solutions Clinic
Published: July 2021

Introduction: The laparoscopic approach in liver surgery has been preferred over the traditional approach in the resection of segments 2 and 3, as laparoscopic surgical technique can be standardized for easy adoption and is minimally invasive. This paper describes the laparoscopic surgical technique and recommends the patient selection criteria in the resection of segments 2, 3 and 4. Methods: This technique involves 2 key steps – early division of the left pedicle before the division of the liver parenchyma and the placement of an instrument beneath the transection plane to simulate a ‘hanging manoeuvre’ with reduced blood loss and allows the expeditious division of the liver parenchyma. Apart from the usual contraindications to liver resections, specific contraindications to this technique include patients with aberrant biliary drainage of right liver segments into the left hepatic duct, patients with tumours abutting the hilar plate and patients with tumours located near the junction of the left hepatic vein and the vena cava. Conclusion: The authors recommend these steps to serve as a standardized technique for laparoscopic hepatectomy of segments 2,3 and 4 in selected patients, allowing the learning curve for this technique to be markedly shortened.
An Exceptional Case of Uterine Rupture on a Scarred Uterus Discovered Following a Late Abortion
Authors:   Harouchi Maternity Department, Ibn Rochd UniversityHospital, Casablanca, Morocco, andaloussi M Serraj
Published: July 2021

Uterine rupture (UR) is a life-threatening peripartum complication with a high incidence of maternal morbidity and mortality. It is quite common in the third trimester of pregnancy ranging from 1 / 8,000 to 1 / 15,000 pregnancies. Its true incidence in the first trimester is unknown as most of the reports are case reports or small series of cases. We report an exceptional case of uterine rupture at 13 weeks of amenorrhea in a 34-year-old patient with a history of a cesarean delivery 2 years ago, discovered following a late abortion due to persistent bleeding and failure of aspiration. Through this observation we would like to draw the attention of practitioners to this diagnosis, which is often overlooked in the first trimester.
Primar Urinary Bladder Endometriosis: Laparoscopic Approach towards Therapeutic Mapping
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Konstandopoulio General Hospital, Athens, Greece, Chrisostomos Sofoudis , Zacharias Papadopoulos ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mitera, Maternal Hospital Athens, Greece
Published: July 2021

Endometriosis of genital tract consists a controversial entity arising from current bibliography. Many conducted studies suggested a variety of pathophysiologic mechanisms in order to establish proper diagnosis and treatment. In many cases development of endometrial tissue outside endometrial cavity, can lead to depiction of physical symptomatology with unexpected clinical route. Besides, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia and decrease of fertility capability, endometriosis can infiltrate many intraperitoneal organs such as urine bladder, rectum, or even mesenterium and lungs. Primary bladder endometriosis represents a very rare entity among female reproductive patients. Ultimate scope remains fertility preservation and increase of patient’s quality of life. Aim of our study reflects assiduous diagnosis and depiction of proper therapeutic strategy
Myofacial Release for the Management of Cervical Compressive Myelopathy – Case Study
Authors:   Swami Vivekanand National Institute of Rehabilitation Training and Research, Olatpur, P O Bairoi, Cuttack, Orissa 754010, India, Mohanty Patitapaban
Published: July 2021

Cervical compressive myelopathy commonly occurs due to degeneration or disc herniation. The persons with cervical meylopathy are usually advised for surgical decompression. Person with signs of cervical cord compression was treated with myofacial release and found to be improved in signs as well as the symptoms. Total 34 numbers of similar cases (31 males and 3 females) age ranging from 25 to 61 years were treated by myofascial release of periscapular soft tissue structures over last 2 & ½ years (2017 to 2020) and found to return back to their activities after 6 months of follow up.
Comparative Study of Media Management in Nigeria: A Study of nta Zonal Centre Maiduguri and (FRCN) Peace fm Maiduguri
Authors:   Department of Mass Communication, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria, Alhaji Bukar Modu , Zannah Mai Dunoma ,   College of Education and Legal and Studies Nguru, Yobe State, Nigeria
Published: July 2021

This study is to compare the management style of NTA zonal centre Maiduguri and Radio Nigeria Peace FM Maiduguri. However, in order to set a stage for such comparative study, there are an indispensable need to look at concepts related to media management. The study adopted administrative theory of management as a guide. Survey method was adopted four people were interview. The findings shows that both the NTA Maiduguri and peace FM Maiduguri are using directed form of media management style and they are facing different sorts of challenges. The study concludes that the both the NTA and the peace FM shared the same form of media management and differed in some area of activities. The study recommends that, both organisation should give greater focus and emphasis on the general welfare of the staffs. Both NTA and peace FM Maiduguri stations should ensure that their programmes and activities are initiated and implemented for the success of the organisations.
Paradigm Shift among Scheduled Caste in Jharkhand: A Study of Garhwa District
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, India, Gautam Ambrish
Published: July 2021

Status is a position provided to the person of the concern society based on societal norms, values and customary practices. It is further being divided into two parts, first one is the Ascribed status, and another is Achieved status. The ascribed status is assigned to a person by the group or society, whereas achieved status is earned by the individual through his/her personal attributes and is taken note of by the people in and around his/her location. It is also evident that in majority of the cases, the ascribed status always determines the nature and extent of the achieved status. The ascribed status of the Dalits contributes or hinders in the formation of their achieved status. It also includes their social interaction and social relations with non-Dalits in the exiting local level social structure. This status is being characterized and specified by the process of Sanskritization, social and religious reforms, and the constitutional provisions in the formation of achieved status of Dalits in their different strata of life. The social status is the convergent form of both the ascribed and achieved statuses of a person in each society or social structure. In every circumstance, one’s higher ascribed status always contributes positively to his or her higher achieved status. Conversely, lower the ascribed status, lower is the achieved status though this may be other way round in the exceptional case. Anyway, the symmetrical or linear relationship between the lower ascribed and achieved statuses gets more crystallized, if the person comes from a group which remains socially excluded forever. But due to the prospects of Independence, Education, Constitutional safeguards and Modernisation several kinds of changes occurred in the status of Dalit’s in the society. Through this paper, I have tried to identify the process of social status formation among Dalits in Jharkhand.
The International Advertising Framework in the Covid-19 CrisisCase Study in Germany, Italy, Spain and United Kingdom
Authors:   Department of Applied Communication Sciences, University of Madrid, Spain, García-García Alberto
Published: July 2021

Transculturation describes the phenomenon of merging and converging cultures. Quantifying culture in advertising helps to define the relevant emotional palette a brand can use with a particular audience, as emotions are often conveyed by culture and drive engagement, brand recall and purchase intent. What is more, International Advertising strives for being more cost efficient by merging cultures despite if their own idiosyncrasies. Framed in the Worldwide COVID-19 crisis and the divergent country responses to it, we used the Hofstede method to affirm that the only way to drive engagement, brand recall and purchase intent in International Advertising is plotting countries with similar cultural imaginary
Remarkable Properties of Isotope Effect
Authors:   Fonoriton Science Lab., Garon Ltd, Tallinn, 11413 Estonia, V.G Plekhanov
Published: July 2021

Present paper is devoted to the non - accelerator manifestation of the strong nuclear interaction - the heart of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) which is part of the Standard Model (SM). The observation of isotopic shift (0.103 eV) of the zero - phonon emission line in photoluminescence spectra of LiD crystals (possessing a strict interaction in the deuterium nucleus) comparison with LiH (in the hydrogen nucleus of which there is no strong interaction) is a first direct proof of the strong nuclear long - range character. The non - accelerating measurement of the strong interaction constant from the distance between nucleons made it possible to find the maximum possible value of αs = 2.4680. The isotopic acquisition of mass by massless fermions is briefly discussed
Big Bang Theory based on Hubble’s constant
Authors:   Faculty of C-Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany, Buenker Robert J
Published: July 2021

The experimental relations between the speeds of galaxies and their corresponding separations from the Earth are discussed in some detail. It is pointed out that Hubble’s Constant, which indicates that the speeds and separations have the same constant ratio for every known galaxy, can be combined with well-known relationships for objects under the influence of constant acceleration to give some concrete predictions of how these quantities vary with time. It is found according to this analysis that the acceleration of each galaxy is directly proportional to its speed, for example. This value is the net result of the continuous competition between gravitational forces and the inertial forces still operative since the Big Bang explosion. Its value is extremely small, equal to only 1.17x10-10 ft/s2 for the Hydra galaxy, for example, which moves at a speed of 38,000 mi/s. Most importantly, the indication is that is that the inertial forces are constantly winning out over the gravitational forces for each galaxy. The resulting equations also indicate that the speed of any galaxy varies in direct proportion to the time Δt which has elapsed since the origin of the universe (Big Bang explosion), while its distance from the Earth varies as the square of this elapsed time. On this basis, it is concluded that Hubble’s Constant itself varies in direct proportion to Δt and thus acts as a “clock of the universe.” More generally, the conclusion from this analysis is that the universe is open and continues to expand outward at an ever increasing rate
Implementasi Blended Learning Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Untuk Menumbuhkan Kemandirin Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika di SD YP Nasional Surabaya
Authors: Sufia Rohana , Novita Lestari Utami
Published: July 2021

Blended Learning strategy is considered capable of fostering student independence and achievement in learning. This learning combines online and face-to-face learning. The implementation of Blended Learning enables students to learn effectively and efficiently, more easily access teaching materials, and in the end increases student learning independence because learning is done independently. Learning mathematics is one of the content in thematic learning in elementary schools. Therefore students must always participate in learning. As an effort of educational institutions to expand the reach of learning, implementation, cost efficiency, optimal results, adjusting to various student needs, and increasing the attractiveness of learning. The results showed that the implementation of blended learning during the pandemic in mathematics was very helpful for teachers in delivering material to students, as well as increasing student independence in learning.
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPACTS OF COVID-19 IN THE PAST YEAR IN THE EUROPEAN UNION, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ROMANIA AND HUNGARY
Authors: Béresné Bernadett Mártha , Maklári Eszter
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020 has made a big difference in the lives of all countries around the world. This study is the first part of a 9-months student research work started in 2021 February, based on literature research. Its aim is to present and summarize the major economic and social impacts of the coronavirus epidemic on the macroeconomy and industrial sectors during a one-year period. Our research is mainly based on secondary research methods – and accompanied by data from the most up-to-date statistical databases and other current research studies, we drew conclusions based on our own calculations in connection with the 27 member states of the European Union including Romania and Hungary. As a result of epidemiological measures in national economies, the role of certain sectors has shrunk, while other sectors have undergone tremendous development. The unprecedented spread of teleworking, the reduction in working hours in almost all sectors and the consequent lower wages, and the increase in the unemployment rate, have led to a decline in the value of gross domestic product for all nations, compared to the same period of the previous year. In order to save their country from the collapse of the economy, those responsible for managing them, were also forced to introduce measures that increased the country’s state debt and worsened their public finance position. Certain sectors of the economy have been hit hard by the effects of the past year, but there have also been those that have flexibly adapted to the changes. The sectors responded in different ways in each country. It can be argued, however, that the entertainment industry, performing arts and other services that require a personal form of presence have suffered the most from the constraints of the past year. But in the field of information and communication, there have been positive developments in many countries using the opportunities offered by information technology. However, changes during the pandemic period have led to a further increase in wealth inequalities in our world. As a result, unfortunately, more and more people are falling into deep poverty and the number of wealthy people is also increasing. The transformation of consumers’ values and income situation is having an impact on all sectors of the national economy. The question arises: when will declining companies be able to recover, will they be able to make the profits typical of their pre-epidemic management, and if so, when? Can we live in the future the way we lived in the past? Whether humanity will realize, that the growing differences between continents, countries, people are only creating larger controversies, and at last we do not only realize, but act in a responsible way for the sake of equality for all.
TEACHING BUSINESS ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES
Authors: Brânzilă Carina
Published: July 2021

Research and experience have long indicated that the acquisition of the mother tongue is different from the acquisition of a non-native language. Also, the efforts and the cognitive impact of language learning are different in childhood compared to adulthood, whereas young people and adults differ in the way they learn and should be taught a foreign language. Learning a new language at the level of a native speaker is a dream all students share, but it may well be impossible and also irrelevant in the context of the ever-changing landscape of a living language. Furthermore, it is common knowledge that the acquisition of a foreign language due to natural exposure or immersion offers better results than its acquisition in a formal learning environment. To complicate matters even further, studies show that acquiring a second language is usually much more difficult than acquiring a third language, for example. Despite all these though, the job of a language teacher, especially of adult students, needs to serve its purpose as well as possible. This article will look into some of the modern trends of teaching not just a foreign language (English), but a specialized one (Business English) to undergraduates in the context of a Romanian university. How can a teacher better accomplish this task? How useful can Business English prove to be to students taking it as a compulsory subject, not by choice? Are there methods to improve its acquisition, especially in the context of the current pandemic? The article will take a closer look at all these, with practical examples of good practices.
POLITICAL CORRECTNESS IN BUSINESS COMMUNICATION
Authors: Pop Anamaria-Mirabela , Sim Monica-Ariana
Published: July 2021

In a world increasingly trying to erase past inequalities and discriminations, words must communicate intent as much as ideas. We live in politically correct cultures, where unspoken rules of respectability govern conduct in cross-cultural interactions, meaning interactions among people of different races, genders, or religions. Therefore, it is essential to use politically correct language to avoid offending the audience. Even if it is not intended, failing to do so can have devastating effects professionally and personally. As it is frequently seen in the media, writing or speaking without using politically correct or inclusive language can have a negative impact that proves impossible to take back, especially in today’s age of social media and online content sharing. Politically correct means expressing yourself using neutral, unbiased, and inoffensive language that does not degrade, demoralize, or discriminate against another person or group. Inclusive language considers all perspectives without exclusion, inferiority, or stereotyping. Conspicuous prejudice and discrimination in the workplace are far less acceptable today. Laws now protect traditionally underrepresented groups from flagrant discrimination in hiring and promotion, and political correctness has reset the standards for politeness and respect in people’s daily interactions. Yet, in spite of the progress mentioned, political correctness is an equivocal term. While it has helped many traditionally underrepresented employees to experience their workplace as more inclusive, the rules of political correctness can prevent employees from developing effective relationships across differences that might divide groups. The paper attempts to analyze the rise and enforcement of political correctness rules related to the ongoing economic processes in the new economy of the world. In this new economy, the organizational boundaries between states and firms become unclear and, apart from conceiving a new vocabulary able to express the changes the firms are undergoing, when speaking or writing, all members of the audience should be included and addressed using inclusive language.
LA TRADITION – VECTEUR IMPORTANT DE PROMOTION ET GAGE DE QUALITÉ. LE CAS DES PRODUITS ROUMAINS DU TERROIR (TRADITION – IMPORTANT PROMOTION AND QUALITY GUARANTEE VECTOR. THE CASE OF TRADITIONAL ROMANIAN PRODUCTS)
Authors: Porumb Andra-Teodora
Published: July 2021

This paper illustrates some of the ways in which producers and traders of traditional Romanian products in the agri-food sector manage to promote their products on the international market using digital media. They used to be present at international trade fairs and exhibitions or in the traditional media. In recent years and especially during the Covid pandemic19, promotion has moved online, on enterprise websites, on social networks and on eCommerce platforms. Using the concepts of discourse analysis, we will show that the discourse promoting regional specialties contains references to tradition – as a guarantee of authenticity, originality, and value of the product, to health – being genuine products made with natural ingredients, in small factories or even in peasant households, with respect for quality and manufacturing stages – the most well-known Romanian products already having the status of a brand with a protected geographical indication. It is a discourse about exceptional products. Based on recipes that are about 200 years old, perfecting the manufacturing processes and raising the tradition to the rank of art, the producers manage to offer specialties that give any meal refinement, and even luxury. Foreign tourists taste these products for the first time during the holidays spent in the agrotourism pensions in Romania, and then they look for them in the Romanian stores in their countries or on the eCommerce sites.
COMPENSATING FOR THE IMMATERIAL. A LEXICAL AND SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF AMERICAN BANK SLOGANS
Authors: Veche Bogdan
Published: July 2021

The aim of this paper is to conduct a lexical and semantic analysis of bank slogans in order to shed light on how the immaterial character of financial services as well as the channel of communication – in this instance the Internet – influence the choice of vocabulary. We chose to focus on the case of the United States of America as there is an online index of over five thousand existing banks with links to their websites if they have a presence online. This allowed us to create a database of over fourteen hundred slogans from as many banks. The methodology, described in the first part of the study, relies on empirical research and content analysis with the help of online tools used to generate a word count based on our sample. The results obtained were presented as bar charts showing groups of words and their number of occurrences in descending order. This allowed to highlight meaningful word clusters and to identify the lexical and semantic patterns of American bank slogans. The findings reveal a small cluster of words (including determiners, conjunctions and prepositions) with an occurrence rate superior to 1%, sufficient, however, to establish the main semantic patterns further supported and enriched by the analysis of two more clusters (0.5%-1% and 0.2%-0.5%). It becomes apparent that, through this form of asynchronous communication, American banks seek to compensate for the immateriality of the service provided by using slogans which help establish their identity within the community they serve and humanize the banking experience through the creation of a meaningful relationship with their (potential) customers.
SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONAL RESPONSIBILITY MANAGEMENT MODELS: WHAT LESSONS FOR HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT?
Authors: Côté Marie-Pier , Muresanu Doina
Published: July 2021

This communication represents a work in progress by the first author, who is enrolled in a research program of master in organizations management. The notion of social corporate responsibility (SCR) is increasingly present in management literature. It is linked to profitability, investor attraction and brand image. More recent research has begun to investigate the link that can be made between SCR and human resources management (HRM). In the vein of this field of research, our paper proposes to take a closer look at how certain SCR models, implemented consciously or not by certain companies, could impact the employee perception of employment relationship quality. The concept of “quality of life at work” and social identity theory will be used to measure the employment relationship quality. To carry out the research, a qualitative methodological approach, based on comparative case study, will be used. A sample of about 20 participants (manager and employees) will be targeted. The results of the research could provide a better understanding of how the decisions taken in relation to SCR could be combined to form original models of social responsibility management. Moreover, the study of the links that can be established between SCR models and the perception of the employment relationship quality could allow companies to better manage their human resources and improve retention and attraction of the employees.
LOCАL GOVЕRNMЕNT: BUDGЕT MАNАGЕMЕNT РЕRFORMАNCЕ. CАSЕ STUDУ: RЕРUBLIC OF MOLDOVА
Authors: Cozma Ion , Bugnariu Alexandra Delia , Podhora Pamela Patrizia , Didea (Castrase) Cristina
Published: July 2021

Thе реrformаncе of рublic еntitiеs is а widеlу аnаlуzеd toрic in thе litеrаturе. Sеvеrаl rеsеаrchеrs hаvе аttеmрtеd to idеntifу thе indicаtors thаt nееd to bе tаkеn into аccount in mеаsuring locаl or cеntrаl реrformаncе. No intеrnаtionаl consеnsus hаs bееn rеаchеd on thе sociаl аnd еconomic indicаtors thаt cаn bе usеd to mеаsurе locаl govеrnmеnt реrformаncе. Howеvеr, еаch govеrnmеnt is trуing to еstаblish its own реrformаncе indicаtors. In somе stаtеs it is onlу rеcommеndаtions, in othеrs, реrformаncе indicаtors аrе includеd in thе lаw, thus bеcoming mаndаtorу for thе еxеcution. In litеrаturе, wе will find sеvеrаl indicаtors to аnаlуzе thе еconomic rеsults of а Stаtе. In this rеsеаrch, wе will аnаlуzе thе еconomic реrformаncе of а рost-Soviеt Stаtе. Thе Rерublic of Moldovа is а constаntlу еvolving Stаtе thаt wаnts to join thе lаrgе Еuroреаn fаmilу. In this contеxt, аnаlуsis of thе dеgrее of реrformаncе аt locаl lеvеl bеcomеs indisреnsаblе. Bеcаusе thе mаnаgеmеnt of thе реrformаncе of рublic еntitiеs is а comрlеx аnd multidimеnsionаl issuе, in this rеsеаrch, wе will focus on thе budgеt еxеcution indicаtor which wе considеr аn imрortаnt аsреct of рromoting locаl реrformаncе. Wе will аnаlуzе thе locаl budgеt for thе lаst fivе уеаrs through thе finаnciаl rеsourcеs рlаnnеd аnd thosе cаrriеd out аt thе еnd of еаch уеаr. In this wау, wе will bе аblе to idеntifу thе dеgrее of thе еconomic реrformаncе of locаl рublic аuthoritiеs in thе Rерublic of Moldovа. In this contеxt, wе will bе аblе to drаw conclusions аnd rеcommеndаtions on thе nеxt stерs bу thе Moldovаn аuthoritiеs to аchiеvе а high lеvеl of еconomic реrformаncе.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING SYSTEMS IN THE LIGHT OF EU GUIDELINES
Authors: Stomp Ágnes , Móré Marianna
Published: July 2021

Continuous development of education and training programmes in the European Union is a key factor in enhancing cooperation at European level. Today, economic and social changes are taking place in the world, which is why vocational training is seen as a tool to prepare people for a changing world of work, improving employability and competitiveness. Vocational education and training must adapt to changes affecting the economy, society and the labour market. Vocational education and training (VET) policy has been a national, autonomous area of the Member States for decades, but the issue of VET has increasingly been given priority in the process of European economic unification. At the Lisbon Summit, the European Council recognised the important role of education as an integral part of economic and social policies, which is an important tool for increasing the European Union’s competitiveness. European cooperation in VET has been promoted by the three common European instruments created as a result of Copenhagen process: the European Qualifications Framework (EQF), the European Quality Assurance Reference Framework for Vocational Education and Training (EQAVET) and the European Credit System for Vocational Education and Training (ECVET), which are progressively integrated in their VET systems by the Member States. The aim of these instruments is to support recognition between European VET systems, to promote lifelong learning and mobility and to improve learning experiences. The aim of our study is to explore with a comparative study, to what extent and manner the V4 Member States (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia) have integrated EQF, EQAVET and ECVET transparency instruments into their national vocational training systems and to what extent the transformations are in line with EU objectives.
MERCADO DE TRABALHO RURAL NO MARANHÃO: apontamentos sobre a sua dinâmica no período de 2010 a 2019 e sua relação com a extrema pobreza
Authors: Santos Frednan Bezerra dos
Published: July 2021

RESUMO
O ponto de partida para o estudo do mercado de trabalho rural no Maranhão é o processo crônico de empobrecimento da sua população e atraso relativo aos demais estados da Federação. É evidenciado, por meio de diversos indicadores que apontam o Maranhão com o maior percentual de pessoas em condições de extrema pobreza, o baixo índice de formalização e massa salarial no mercado de trabalho rural, além do baixo rendimento das culturas tradicionais, com destaque para a mandioca. A pesquisa parte do pressuposto de que descrever as características do mercado de trabalho rural no Maranhão, no período de 2010 a 2019, contribuirá para identificar fatores que determinam ou colaboram para a extrema pobreza no meio rural. O presente trabalho está estruturado em três capítulos, além da introdução e das considerações finais. No primeiro capítulo, são descritas as características do mercado de trabalho rural no Maranhão. No segundo, é destacada a baixa produtividade e a produção para o autoconsumo como fatores que determinam o comportamento do mercado de trabalho rural maranhense. Por fim, no terceiro, a extrema pobreza é explicada com base no comportamento do mercado de trabalho rural
ABSTRACT
The starting point for the study of the rural labor market in Maranhão is the chronic process of impoverishing its population and lagging the other states of the federation. What is evidenced by several indicators that point to Maranhão with the highest percentage of people in conditions of extreme poverty, the low rate of formalization and wage mass in the rural labor market, in addition to the low income of traditional cultures, with emphasis on the cassava. The research assumes that describing the characteristics of the rural labor market in Maranhão in the period from 2010 to 2019 will help to identify factors that determine or contribute to extreme poverty in rural areas. The present work is structured in three chapters, in addition to the introduction and the final considerations. In the first chapter, the characteristics of the rural labor market in Maranhão are described, in the second the low productivity and production for self-consumption is highlighted as factors that determine the behavior of the rural labor market in Maranhão and in the third the extreme poverty is explained from the behavior of the rural labor market.
Distribuição e concentração espacial do estoque de emprego nas atividades essenciais no Maranhão: uma proposta a partir da distribuição espacial
Authors: Filho Wilson França Ribeiro , Marques João Carlos Souza , De Paula Ricardo Zimbrão Affonso
Published: July 2021

RESUMO
Como principal medida de enfrentamento ao COVID-19, o fechamento temporário das atividades econômicas não essenciais teve como objetivo evitar aglomerações em espaços urbanos que acelerassem a taxa de contágio viral, atrasando um possível aprofundamento do cenário pandêmico mundial no Brasil. Contudo, esta medida adotada não obteve uma aceitação ampla por parte da classe política, do empresariado e dos trabalhadores que se viram em um cenário de brusca redução do nível de renda e emprego nacional. Deste modo, partindo do estado do Maranhão como referencial econômico-espacial, faz-se uma análise da distribuição espacial dos setores econômicos, utilizando o estoque de emprego formal com base nos dados da RAIS para o ano de 2018, priorizando os setores econômicos não-essenciais definidos por decreto do Governo Estadual, e mensurando os possíveis impactos do fechamento temporário destes setores nos municípios maranhenses. A partir destes impactos, intenta-se esboçar uma proposta de retomada da atividade econômica local através das conclusões obtidas durante o processo analítico do comportamento econômico-espacial dos setores de atividades.

ABSTRACT
As the principal measure in combat to the COVID-19, the temporary shutdown of economic activities had the objective avoid agglomerations in urban spaces that accelerated the viral contagion rate, retarding one possible deepening of the pandemic world scenario in Brazil. However, this measure has not the most acceptance for part the political, business and workers classes whom income and employment has decrease severely in this scenario. Thus, assuming Maranhão State as reference economic-spatial, was made an analysis of spatial distribution of economic sectors, using the formal employment stock with database of RAIS for the year 2018, prioritizing the sectors non-essentials economics defined for state government decree, and measuring the possible impacts of the temporary closure of these sectors in the cities of Maranhão. From those impacts, intent to sketch a proposal of economic local activity recovery through the conclusions obtained during the analysis of economic-spatial behavior the activities sectors.
ANALYSIS OF MODERN TECHNIQUES FOR SOFTWARE OPTIMIZATION﻿
Authors: Ojekudo Okardi, Biobele , Akofure﻿ Nathaniel
Published: July 2021

Traditional Methods of optimization have failed to meet up the rapid changing world in the demand of high quality and accuracy in solution delivery. Optimization literally means looking for the best possible or most desired solution to a problem. Optimization techniques are basically classified into three groups, namely; the Traditional Method, Artificial Intelligent Method, and Hybrid Artificial Intelligent technique. In this paper, an attempt is made to review literatures on different modern optimization techniques for application in various disciplines. A general review was made on some of the modern optimization methods such as Genetic Algorithm, Ant colony method, Honey Bee optimization method, and Simulated Annealing optimization.
Examination of Assorted Social Engineering Attack by Different Types of Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Alhamad Amal , Aldablan Dalal , Albahlal Raghad
Published: July 2021

The most powerful attack on the systems is Social Engineering Attack because of this attack deals with Psychology so that there is no hardware or software can prevent it or even can defend it and hence people need to be trained to defend against it.[1] Social engineering is mostly done by phone or email. In this research, which is based on previous research we have conducted, the aim of it was of it was to highlight the different social engineering attacks and how they can prevent in social network because social engineering is one of the biggest problems in social network, a concern the privacy and security. This project is using a set of data then analysis it uses the Weka tool, to defend against these attacks we have evaluated three decision tree algorithms, RandomForest, REPTree and RandomTree. It was also related to an J48 algorithm, On the contrary, here contains a complete overview of social engineering attacks, also more than one algorithm was searched.