bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CLOUDS IN SUPER-EARTH ATMOSPHERES: CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM CALCULATIONS
Authors: Mbarek Rostom , Kempton Eliza M.-R.
Published: August 2016

Recent studies have unequivocally proven the existence of clouds in super-Earth atmospheres. Here we provide a theoretical context for the formation of super-Earth clouds by determining which condensates are likely to form under the assumption of chemical equilibrium. We study super-Earth atmospheres of diverse bulk composition, which are assumed to form by outgassing from a solid core of chondritic material, following Schaefer & Fegley. The super-Earth atmospheres that we study arise from planetary cores made up of individual types of chondritic meteorites. They range from highly reducing to oxidizing and have carbon to oxygen (C:O) ratios that are both sub-solar and super-solar, thereby spanning a range of atmospheric composition that is appropriate for low-mass exoplanets. Given the atomic makeup of these atmospheres, we minimize the global Gibbs free energy of formation for over 550 gases and condensates to obtain the molecular composition of the atmospheres over a temperature range of 350–3000 K. Clouds should form along the temperature–pressure boundaries where the condensed species appear in our calculation. We find that the composition of condensate clouds depends strongly on both the H:O and C:O ratios. For the super-Earth archetype GJ 1214b, KCl and ZnS are the primary cloud-forming condensates at solar composition, in agreement with previous work. However, for oxidizing atmospheres, K2SO4 and ZnO condensates are favored instead, and for carbon-rich atmospheres with super-solar C:O ratios, graphite clouds appear. For even hotter planets, clouds form from a wide variety of rock-forming and metallic species.
THE COMBINED EFFECT OF PRECESSION AND CONVECTION ON THE DYNAMO ACTION
Authors: Wei Xing
Published: August 2016

To understand the generation of the Earth’s magnetic field and those of other planets, we numerically investigate the combined effect of precession and convection on dynamo action in a spherical shell. Convection alone, precession alone, and the combined effect of convection and precession are studied at the low Ekman number at which the precessing flow is already unstable. The key result is that although precession or convection alone are not strong enough to support the dynamo action, the combined effect of precession and convection can support the dynamo action because of the resonance of precessional and convective instabilities. This result may explain why the geodynamo has been maintained for such a long time compared to the Martian dynamo.
A PRIMER ON UNIFYING DEBRIS DISK MORPHOLOGIES
Authors: Lee Eve J. , Chiang Eugene
Published: August 2016

A “minimum model” for debris disks consists of a narrow ring of parent bodies, secularly forced by a single planet on a possibly eccentric orbit, colliding to produce dust grains that are perturbed by stellar radiation pressure. We demonstrate how this minimum model can reproduce a wide variety of disk morphologies imaged in scattered starlight. Five broad categories of disk shape can be captured: “rings,” “needles,” “ships-and-wakes,” “bars,” and “moths (a.k.a. fans),” depending on the viewing geometry. Moths can also sport “double wings.” We explain the origin of morphological features from first principles, exploring the dependence on planet eccentricity, disk inclination dispersion, and the parent body orbital phases at which dust grains are born. A key determinant in disk appearance is the degree to which dust grain orbits are apsidally aligned. Our study of a simple steady-state (secularly relaxed) disk should serve as a reference for more detailed models tailored to individual systems. We use the intuition gained from our guidebook of disk morphologies to interpret, informally, the images of a number of real-world debris disks. These interpretations suggest that the farthest reaches of planetary systems are perturbed by eccentric planets, possibly just a few Earth masses each.
ASASSN-14li: A MODEL TIDAL DISRUPTION EVENT
Authors: Krolik Julian , Piran Tsvi , Svirski Gilad , Cheng Roseanne M.
Published: August 2016

ASASSN-14li is a recently discovered tidal disruption event with an exceptionally rich data set: spectra and lightcurves in soft X-rays, UV, optical, and radio. To understand its emission properties in all these bands, we have extended our model for post-tidal disruption accretion and photon production to estimate both soft X-ray radiation produced by the “prompt” accretion phase and synchrotron emission associated with the bow shock driven through an external medium by the unbound tidal debris, as well as optical and UV light. We find that fiducial values of the stellar mass (

) and black hole mass (

) yield quantitative agreement with the optical/UV luminosity, lightcurve, and color temperature; approximate agreement with the soft X-ray spectrum and lightcurve; and quantitative agreement with the radio luminosity, spectrum, and lightcurve. Equipartition analysis of the radio data implies that the radio-emitting region expands with a constant speed, and its magnitude is comparable to the speed expected for the unbound stellar ejecta. Both facts provide strong support to our model. We find that the disruption event took place in 2014 mid-September. Two independent parameters, the magnitude and logarithmic radial gradient of the ambient gas density near the black hole, must be fit to the data to explain the radio emission; their inferred values are comparable to those found near both Sgr A* and the TDE candidate Swift J1644.
LIGHT CURVES AND SPECTRA FROM A THERMONUCLEAR EXPLOSION OF A WHITE DWARF MERGER
Authors: van Rossum Daniel R. , Kashyap Rahul , Fisher Robert , Wollaeger Ryan T. , García-Berro Enrique , Aznar-Siguán Gabriela , Ji Suoqing , Lorén-Aguilar Pablo
Published: August 2016

Double-degenerate (DD) mergers of carbon–oxygen white dwarfs have recently emerged as a leading candidate for normal Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). However, many outstanding questions surround DD mergers, including the characteristics of their light curves and spectra. We have recently identified a spiral instability in the post-merger phase of DD mergers and demonstrated that this instability self-consistently leads to detonation in some cases. We call this the spiral merger SN Ia model. Here, we utilize the SuperNu radiative transfer software to calculate three-dimensional synthetic light curves and spectra of the spiral merger simulation with a system mass of 2.1

from Kashyap et al. Because of their large system masses, both violent and spiral merger light curves are slowly declining. The spiral merger resembles very slowly declining SNe Ia, including SN 2001ay, and provides a more natural explanation for its observed properties than other SN Ia explosion models. Previous synthetic light curves and spectra of violent DD mergers demonstrate a strong dependence on viewing angle, which is in conflict with observations. Here, we demonstrate that the light curves and spectra of the spiral merger are less sensitive to the viewing angle than violent mergers, in closer agreement with observation. We find that the spatial distribution of 56Ni and IMEs follows a characteristic hourglass shape. We discuss the implications of the asymmetric distribution of 56Ni for the early-time gamma-ray observations of 56Ni from SN 2014J. We suggest that DD mergers that agree with the light curves and spectra of normal SNe Ia will likely require a lower system mass.
Academic Mobility Programs as Part of Individual and Professional Development in a Globalized World
Authors: Khoutyz Irina
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this research is to establish a connection between the effects of globalization on contemporary societies and the increase in individualist attributes in former collectivist societies. To achieve it, the chapter presents the study of the experiences of Russian students participating in academic mobility programs. A two-step survey conducted among the Russian university students reveals, by means of cultural dimension analysis, individualist attributes in their academic behavior while studying overseas and at a home university. The interest towards academic mobility programs expressed by the students of various years of study, their desire for independence and self-development as well as an enjoyable process of acquiring a diploma are examples of individualist attributes. The conclusion is made that individuals trying to find their place in a globalized world acquire more individualist attributes in their behavior and world perception.
Special Education Leadership and the Implementation of Response to Intervention
Authors: Cooley Derek , Whitten Elizabeth
Published: August 2016

Special education administrators provide leadership to guide the identification of learners with exceptionalities and ensure that staff working with special education students delivers instructional best practice. In order to execute these responsibilities, special education administrators must be effective leaders who collaborate with a variety of stakeholder including. Contrary to their general education counterparts, special education administrators must possess a specific body of procedural knowledge to identify low-performing groups of students. These procedures are often referred to Response to Intervention (RTI) or Multi-Tier Systems of Support (MTSS). Under IDEA (2004), students with and without disabilities can benefit from the same system of interventions and supports. This intersection has necessitated coordination of RTI models by both general and special education administrators. Special education and general education leaders will be challenged to blend models of leadership to address the high-stakes environment in our K-12 schools.
The Seduction of Science
Authors: Trubody Ben
Published: August 2016

This chapter aims to give an account of paradigmatic science as retold through Jean Baudrillard's concept of ‘seduction'. Using concepts developed by Thomas Kuhn and Jean Baudrillard it will be argued that ‘seduction' as understood by Baudrillard can be found at varying levels of the scientific enterprise. The two main features of Baudrillard's seduction are ‘ambiguity and ‘reversibility', where we cannot be sure who is seducing who (ambiguity), where each seeks to become the other (reversibility), but in doing so only highlights their differences. In terms of Kuhn's work the more the paradigm seeks to become identical with the world, the more it begins to collapse under the weight of its own anomalies and stand out from the world. Yet when a paradigm is at its height we cannot be sure whether ‘nature' looks the way it does because the paradigm demands it or that nature is leading science to postulate said paradigm? These themes will be examined at the metaphysical, psychological and social levels of science.
Seduction in Works of Art
Authors: González Laura
Published: August 2016

What is it about certain things that occupy our thought until we get hold of them, until we somehow possess them? Why is it that we hopelessly, predictably, inevitably fall for certain works of art? What is it about certain objects that seduce us? This chapter seeks to study the seductiveness of objects, something that also preoccupied Jean Baudrillard and is found at the core of his thinking. The work studies a very particular kind of object: the work of art, although consumption and captology, designed objects and other types of objecthood are also used as examples. The perspective adopted here, however, is not related to the historical or economic contexts of the objects. The truth about seduction will not be sought (it would deceive, anyway); or, indeed, an interpretation for the purposes of academic knowledge, which would kill it; or, again, its representation, which would be a flawed and false undertaking, if not impossible.
Knowledge Sharing Using Web 2.0: Preferences, Benefits and Barriers in Brunei Darussalam's Tertiary Education
Authors: Amin Nurul Afiqah Hj Nor , Hasnan Amy Suliza , Besar Nurul Nazira , Almunawar Mohammad Nabil
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this paper is to assess the current knowledge sharing processes in tertiary education in Brunei Darussalam and identify the preferred knowledge sharing activities as well as preferred online applications for the purpose. This study also examined the benefits and barriers of using Web 2.0 as a knowledge sharing platform in tertiary education. A descriptive research method is employed, in which quantitative approach was selected to collect data on the use of Web 2.0 tools for knowledge sharing in tertiary education. This study revealed that respondents highly utilize emails and Web 2.0 applications for knowledge sharing, which are normally provided by their host universities as information and knowledge sharing platforms. Web 2.0 applications, especially social networks, are considered good platforms for sharing knowledge. However, there are some concerns in using Web 2.0 applications for knowledge sharing, mainly in term of privacy issues and reliability of information and knowledge shared due to its high risk of collaborators.
Policy Provisions and Teachers' Needs on Climate Change Education for Sustainable Development in Mongolia
Authors: Tugjamba Navchaa , Yembuu Batchuluun , Gantumur Amarbayasgalan , Getsel Uranchimeg
Published: August 2016

There is scientific consensus that Mongolia is already facing the negative consequences of climate change. Raising public awareness and increasing education initiatives is one of the most important ways to adapt and mitigate climate change. The present research team reviewed the policies and provisions in support developing climate change education for sustainable development. To strengthen public awareness of climate change and sustainable development, teachers at all level must play an important role. The team analyzed the level of teachers' knowledge of climate change education for sustainable development and determined the needs for teacher training. Education policy recommendations and the possibilities for teacher training were defined.
Two Faces of the Reality
Authors: Köroğlu Cemile Zehra , Köroğlu Muhammet Ali
Published: August 2016

Human has constituted societies, and create language and culture as vital institutions, because it is a social being. In spite of individual differences, created common values and institutions become possible through the collective action to meet the needs of human. Social movements and new social movements should also be evaluated from this perspective. When considered social movements as an attempt to meet the needs of the community and solve the problems, one can say that they have existed in every period of the history. Today, the social movements that emerged especially after the 1960s are called new social movements because they are expressions of different problems and needs. This conceptualization is especially true for the Western world. Today, the social movements emerging especially in the Islamic world and East have some similarities and differences. In terms of following these similarities and differences, Turkey is an important example.
Transforming Culture to Stimulate Economic Development
Authors: Bhasin Balbir , Ng Lee Keng
Published: August 2016

In furthering the discussion on the linkage between economic development and culture, this paper attempts to answer the question: “Can a society's culture be transformed to stimulate economic development?” This paper uses Singapore as a case study. It traces the country's restructuring of cultural values to foster economic growth and development which allowed Singapore to grow from a small island state with a sagging economy and no natural resources, to become one of the most respected and widely recognized developmental models of the modern era. This study shows that social controls can help newly developing countries in creating political stability and social cohesion that allows for rapid economic development. However, the negative effects of such measures lead to the creation of a compliant society that lacks creativity and innovation, is risk averse in entrepreneurial activity, and prone to talent depletion.
Gamification as an Enabler of Mutual Learning in Complex Health Care Systems
Authors: Leväsluoto Johanna , Heikkilä Jouko , Tuovinen Joona , Viitanen Kaupo
Published: August 2016

In this paper, the authors present a gamified role switching method to promote dialogue and mutual learning in health care organisations facing changes in complex systems. Their research is based on two case studies in which the information exchange between the actors is crucial. 25 stakeholders were interviewed and four workshops were arranged. This study indicates that the gamified role switching method inspired and gave means for the participants to enhance systemic understanding of their organization and to improve dialogue. The role switching method also made the participants to see the situation from the other perspectives and thus promoted collaboration and the change process.
ICT-based or ICT-centric?
Authors: Sørensen Jannick Kirk
Published: August 2016

Through a logbook-based self-observation of an ICT-based service journey, the failure and the co-created recovery of the ICT-based service encounter is analysed. The analysis shows the limitations of both traditional affordances-based analyses of user interaction, as well as Dourish's (2001) ‘embodied interaction' framework. Two new categories of service encounters are subsequently suggested: 1) ‘cognitively dominated service encounters' that characterizes types of service encounters where the customer's reasoning plays a central part in the service encounter, and 2) ‘ICT-centric' service encounters that are determined by the inner structure of the ICT ‘material' to the extent that the customer must adapt to logic of the ICT-system.
Liquidity Saving Mechanisms in Payment Systems and Settlement Liquidity
Authors: Nakajima Masashi
Published: August 2016

Payment systems are one of the key Financial Market Infrastructures (FMIs) and have showed remarkable progress over the past two decades. The first half of this paper focuses on the evolutionary process of payment systems, starting with the Deferred Net Settlement (DNS) system and progressing to the Real-Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) system. Subsequently, much more sophisticated payment systems have been put in place, which include the “Hybrid System,” and the “RTGS system with Liquidity Saving Mechanism (LSM).” In the latter half of this paper, experience from the “Next-Generation Real-Time Gross Settlement” (RTGS-XG) project of BOJ-NET is discussed. BOJ-NET is the large-value payment system operated by Bank of Japan (BOJ). BOJ-NET, a pure RTGS system, added an LSM in 2008 and became an RTGS system with LSM. The impact of the LSM's introduction is analyzed, which includes the participants' settlement liquidity, the liquidity-saving effect, the average settlement time, the average waiting time in the queue, the turnover ratio, and the volume of idle liquidity. These analyses would be useful for any nations considering the introduction of the same kind of enhanced payment system.
English as a Foreign Language Teaching and Productivity in Global Hypercompetition
Authors: Christiansen Bryan , Kasarcı Fatmanur
Published: August 2016

The global marketplace is characterized by various changes occurring in economic, social, natural, and technological areas. As such, experts in numerous fields are still working to revise various systems and infrastructures to operate in a robust manner within the new realities of today. This article focuses on part of that massive effort by examining the methods used in teaching English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in non-English speaking countries and its potential impact on long-term economic sustainability and productivity since English remains the global business language. The article commences with an introduction to the realities of contemporary globalism that underscore the very purpose for this work, and the subsequent sections present and then synthesize all material to create a paradigm shift in thinking required for teaching EFL in non-English speaking nations.
Importance of Customer Satisfaction in a Community Bank
Authors: Barat Somjit
Published: August 2016

It is sometimes argued that bigger is better. However, that is not always the case. Smaller, community banks are the lifeline of the towns that span the country. Community banks, where a customer is considered a ‘human being', understand their local target market better than their larger counterparts, where the customer is just a ‘number'. Moreover, the image of the larger banks has been considerably tarnished because of the recent economic downturn. This research can also help community banks compete with larger banks in niche service areas. In order to investigate whether the bank's customers 1) were satisfied with the bank's products and with the image of the bank 2) felt welcome and 3) had any concerns about the bank's (financial) position during difficult economic times, the author found that customer responses are mixed on these issues. Interesting implications and ideas for further research also emanate from the current study.
Towards a Learning System Based on Arabic NLP Tools
Authors: Bacha Khaireddine , Jemni Mohamed , Zrigui Mounir
Published: August 2016

The evolution of computer technology stimulates us to develop a learning environment that addresses many of the problems associated with the use of words in Arabic. A learning platform of Arab foreign language used automatic language processing tools (NLP) based on multi-agent approach. Initially, this environment gives teachers the ability to automatically design other variants of educational activities, which notably includes automatic evaluations. Then it enables the learner to build his or her language skills and to learn concepts of the Arabic language.
Efficient Textual Web Retrieval using Wavelet Tree
Authors: Yadav Arun Kumar , Yadav Divakar , Prasad Rajesh
Published: August 2016

Searching on the web is one of the most progressive and expanding field nowadays. A large amount of information is available on the World Wide Web, motivating the need of efficient text indexing method that support fast text retrieval. In the past, two main indexing techniques: Signature files and Inverted files have been proposed. First require much larger space to store index and are more expensive to construct and update than inverted files. Second has been efficiently implemented using different structures like Sorted array and B-Tree. Sorted array was very expensive in updating the indices while appending a new keyword and B-tree method breaks down if there are many words with the same prefix. This paper presents a modified index structure for text retrieval that keeps a good result to optimize the space needed to store and time to search document. The proposed index is designed using the Wavelet Tree (WT), which was originally designed as wavelet transform for images. Experimental results show that on increasing the query length, the WT based index performs better than others.
Query Expansion based on Central Tendency and PRF for Monolingual Retrieval
Authors: Vaidyanathan Rekha , Das Sujoy , Srivastava Namita
Published: August 2016

Query Expansion is the process of selecting relevant words that are closest in meaning and context to that of the keyword(s) of query. In this paper, a statistical method of automatically selecting contextually related words for expansion, after identifying a pattern in their score, is proposed. Words appearing in top 10 relevant document is given a score w.r.t partitions they appear in. Proposed statistical method, identifies a pattern of central tendency in the high scores and selects the right group of words for query expansion. The objective of the method is to keep the expanded query with minimum words (light), and still give statistically significant MAP values compared to the original query. Experimental results show 17-21% improvement of MAP over the original unexpanded query as baseline but achieves a performance similar to that of the state of the art query expansion models - Bo1 and KL. FIRE 2011 Adhoc English and Hindi data for 50 topics each were used for experiments with Terrier as the Retrieval Engine.
A New Algorithm of Grouping Cockroaches Classifier (GCC) for Textual Plagiarism Detection
Authors: Bouarara Hadj Ahmed , Hamou Reda Mohamed
Published: August 2016

In the last decade with the new technology, it is important to allow users to access information freely, while at the same time, restrict them from illegal copying and distribution of information. In the age of information technologies plagiarism has become a topical subject in the digital world and turned into a serious problem. The author's work deals with the development of a new system for combating this phenomenon using a new insect behaviour algorithm called Groping cockroaches classifier GCC. Each suspicious text (cockroach) will be classified (hidden) in a class (shelter) that can be plagiarism or no-plagiarism, using a security function that is based on the attractiveness of each class (calculated using the aggregation operators (shelter darkness, congeners attraction and security quality)) and the displacement probability (calculated using the naive Bayes algorithm). The experimental results performed on the Pan 09 dataset and using the validation measures (recall, precision, f-measure, and entropy), have demonstrated that GCC has clear advantages over others plagiarism detection techniques existed in literature. Finally, a set of service was added in order to detect the different cases of plagiarism such as plagiarism with translation, plagiarism of idea, plagiarism with synonymy, and plagiarism paraphrase.
Investigating the Seeking Behavior for Religious Information in Social Media
Authors: Almobarraz Abdullah
Published: August 2016

Reading and learning about religious information is a habit that Saudis practice to increase their understanding of Islamic rules. It is common now for people to learn about religion from social media. Therefore, the study reports on a survey that was distributed to people in Saudi Arabia to investigate the use of social media technologies for religious information seeking. The objective is to determine if Saudis utilize social media to search for religious information and to understand their information-seeking behaviors when using such a resource. In addition, the study is an attempt to investigate how religious information on social media changes and influences people, and what obstacles and difficulties Saudis encounter when they use social media to obtain religious information.
Alignment of Business Strategy and Information Technology Considering Information Technology Governance, Project Portfolio Control, and Risk Management
Authors: Parry Vincent Kobina Ahene , Lind Mary L
Published: August 2016

Information technology (IT) governance is an important component in developing an overall business and IT strategy. Factors to consider in the IT governance and strategy relationship are project portfolio control, risk management. Using a quantitative survey of 201 IT executives a significant relationship was shown between effective IT governance and project portfolio control and risk management. However, the results of the study did not support a significant relationship between effective IT governance and business/IT alignment. Ultimately, this study helped to shed light on the relationship between effective IT governance and project portfolio control as well as provided support to the existing literature on the relationship between effective IT governance and risk.
Business Intelligence as a Modern IT Supporting Management of Local Government Units in Poland
Authors: Nycz Malgorzata , Pólkowski Zdzisław
Published: August 2016

The paper has been devoted to Business Intelligence seen as a modern information technology that can support local government units. Ensuring order and consistency in the functioning of local government units (communes, districts and provinces) is now one of the most important problems the authorities of each agglomeration are facing. Attempts to achieve it are determined by the current investment decisions and already done upgrades. That is why it is so important to make commune transformation including the use of information technology and communication systems operating in harmony and in favor of the environment, and sustainable city development based on knowledge. The paper, aiming to show the necessity to further explore the Business Intelligence usefulness and efficiency, whereas this issue is still not appreciated enough, consists of six parts. After a short introduction into the subject, knowledge seen as a most valuable asset in modern economy has been characterized. Part three consists of a presentation of local government units in Poland and the challenges they face in information systems. Part four consists of BI characteristics in the management of local government units. Part five has been devoted to some examples concerning BI and ERP in decision-making process. Brief conclusions end the paper.
Olympics Big Data Prognostications
Authors: Jain Arushi , Bhatnagar Vishal
Published: August 2016

Data is continuously snowballing over the years, gradually a huge growth is seen in data to store and tame to yield meticulous result. It gives rise to a concept nowadays, reckoned as big data analytics. With the summer Olympics at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in the year 2016 round the corner, we, the authors have implemented a mathematical model by implementing efficient map reduce program to predict the number of medals each country might bag at the games. Based on a number of factors such as historical performance of the country in terms of medals won, the performance of athletes, financial scenario in the country, fitness levels and nutrition of athletes along with familiarity to the playing conditions can be used to come up with a reliable estimate.
Modeling Rumors in Twitter
Authors: Walia Rhythm , Bhatia M.P.S.
Published: August 2016

With the advent of web 2.0 and anonymous free Internet services available to almost everyone, social media has gained immense popularity in disseminating information. It has become an effective channel for advertising and viral marketing. People rely on social networks for news, communication and it has become an integral part of our daily lives. But due to the limited accountability of users, it is often misused for the spread of rumors. Such rumor diffusion hampers the credibility of social media and may spread social panic. Analyzing rumors in social media has gained immense attention from the researchers in the past decade. In this paper the authors provide a survey of work in rumor analysis, which will serve as a stepping-stone for new researchers. They organized the study of rumors into four categories and discussed state of the art papers in each with an in-depth analysis of results of different models used and a comparative analysis between approaches used by different authors.
Modified LexRank for Tweet Summarization
Authors: Samuel Avinash , Sharma Dilip Kumar
Published: August 2016

Summary generation is an important process in those conditions where the user needs to obtain the key features of the document without having to go through the whole document itself. The summarization process is of basically two types: 1) Single document Summarization and, 2) Multiple Document Summarization. But here the microblogging environment is taken into account which have a restriction on the number of characters contained within a post. Therefore, single document summarizers are not applicable to this condition. There are many features along which the summarization of the microblog post can be done for example, post's topic, it's posting time, happening of the event, etc. This paper proposes a method that includes the temporal features of the microblog posts to develop an extractive summary of the event from each and every post, which will further increase the quality of the summary created as it includes all the key features in the summary.
Modeling and Analysis of the Mechanical Behavior of Dry Contracts Slipping Between the Disc and the Brake Pads
Authors: Belhocine Ali , Omar Wan Zaidi Wan
Published: August 2016

The complexity of the physical or technological systems to be developed or studied led to employing numerical methods based on the principle of an approach as possible nominal solution, but these require large computations requiring efficient computers. The computer code ANSYS also allows the determination and the visualization of the structural deformations due to the contact of slipping between the disc and the pads. The results of the calculations of contact described in this work relate to displacements, Von Mises stress on the disc, contact pressures of the inner and outer pad at various moments of simulation. One precedes then the influence of some parameters on the computation results such as rotation of the disc, the smoothness of the mesh, the material of the brake pads and the friction coefficient enter the disc and the pads, the number of revolutions and the material of the disc, the pads groove.
Post PhD Adjustments and Internationalization of Higher Education in China - A Study based on International PhD Students in China
Authors: Nabi Ghulam , Wei Song , Ghous Ghulam , Sheikh Nadia
Published: August 2016

PhD education plays dominant role in the field of innovation, science, technology and economic development. This is being sponsored by some key scholarship agencies in the world among which Chinese Scholarship Council has emerged one among biggest. This research has been intended to understand the process of selection of PhD awardees and employment adjustment in their home country. An informal interview followed by a 5 point likert scale questionnaire were used to collected data from 200 PhD scholarship awardees in China and indigenous PhDs in Pakistan. This study has identified two main findings, one is the awareness issue about the scholarships availability is a serious issue and the other one is eligibility issue based on the number of schooling years required for PhD admission that may pose serious post PhD adjustment issues. While as a strong coordination gap does exist between Chinese scholarship agencies with other countries. A future research is being suggested to analyze comparative performance between Chinese and non-Chinese Ph.Ds.
Value Facilitation as Antecedent of Service Provider Profitability
Authors: Herzfeldt Alexander Bogislav , Rastorguev Eugenia , Ertl Christoph , Krcmar Helmut
Published: August 2016

The cloud service market has seen a tremendous growth in recent years. Consequently, more and more service providers have entered this dynamic market, turning it into one of the most competitive markets in modern IT industry. With the market becoming mature, providers that focused on growth strategies in the past, however, need to shift their attention to profitability now. Based on a qualitative study with 14 cloud service experts, the authors explore the relationship between cloud service provider profitability and value facilitation, i.e., the capability to build up resources in advance of future customer engagements. The authors' results indicate a positive relationship between cloud service profitability and value facilitation, which gives valuable insights for both researcher and practitioners and how to design cloud service offerings.
Introducing Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) and Gender Identity Issues in a Medical Humanities Module
Authors: Shankar P. Ravi , Rose Christopher
Published: August 2016

Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) are ways of referring to someone's sexual orientation/preferences; gaining a better understanding as to how best serve the needs of the LGBT community are becoming increasingly important in medical education. While nations (especially developing ones) are making efforts to become more pluralistic societies that uphold and honor the rights of all their citizenry, members of the LGBT community continue to face hostility and violence. These factors cause many members of the LGBT community to be wary about identifying their sexual orientation. Curricular interventions to address LGBT issues are becoming increasingly common. The LGBT community faces a number of challenges and disparities in accessing healthcare. The authors facilitate a medical humanities (MH) module at the Xavier University School of Medicine, Aruba.. Small group, activity-based learning strategies are widely used during the module. Literature, case scenarios, paintings and role-plays are used to explore different aspects of MH. In this manuscript role-plays serve as vehicles to introduce LGBT issues to medical students during the module. The process of debriefing the role-play including students' comments are briefly discussed. One scenario deals with a young girl forced to become a worker in the sex trade, another contends with a night club owner who is diagnosed as HIV positive, a third situation portrays a young woman with a same gender life partner suffering from terminal cancer, the fourth situation explores the difficulties a female student faces when she reveals a sexual attraction for a same sex classmate. The role-plays serve to introduce students to an initial understanding of some of the issues faced by members of the LGBT community and an opportunity to put themselves in the position of a LGBT individual.
Data Mining for Predicting Pre-diabetes
Authors: Farahmand Kambiz , You Guangjing , Shi Jing , Wadhwa Satpal Singh
Published: August 2016

Many individuals who are at risk for type 2 diabetes do not experience symptoms of diabetes, and therefore are not aware of this condition. Screening for type 2 diabetes can identify individuals at risk for type 2 diabetes, and prevent or delay complications. A total of 13 risk factors, out of 17 variables of NHANES', were selected as predictors. In this study, a comparison of two data mining methodology showed that Decision Tree has a higher ROC index than Logistic Regression modeling. All ROC indexes for two data mining models were greater than 77% indicating both methods present a good prediction for pre-diabetes. The final results of comparison indicated Decision Tree modeling is a better indicator to predict pre-diabetes.
Developing the Product Your Customer Really Wants
Authors: Ashmore Sondra , Wedlake Martine
Published: August 2016

The art of creating software has changed dramatically over the last twenty years, particularly as organizations move from a Waterfall to an Agile development methodology. This study explores the benefits to customers of moving away from traditional Waterfall usability approaches to an integrated development model incorporating elements of Agile, user-centered development, and extended stakeholder feedback from customer councils. Thirty-four customers, seven business partners, and four internal customers participated in a multi-year project where participants were given the option to share product requirements during the early phases of the project, actively engage in monthly project design feedback sessions, or both. Results show that active participation by the customer yields more of their requirements into the final project, especially the high priority requirements. The results suggest that an iterative approach, that is both self-directing and self-correcting, can help teams develop products that are beneficial for both the product and customer.
The Inclusion of CIOs in Top Management Teams
Authors: Luo Wenhong
Published: August 2016

The inclusion of the CIO in the top management team (TMT) is one indicator of how top executives view the role of IT within their firms. This study draws upon the upper echelons theory to examine the organizational factors contributing to the CIO inclusion. A panel data set is used to empirically test the hypotheses. The results show that TMT age and firm diversification are found to be linked to the CIO inclusion. The study contributes to an understanding of the relationship between the CIO and TMT and provides a potential measure of IT importance within firms.
Finding Work-Life Balance in a Digital Age
Authors: McCloskey Donna Weaver
Published: August 2016

Mobile computing has changed when and where one works, necessitating an examination of the boundaries one maintains between work and home. Flexible boundaries allow for the shifting of work to alternate times and/or locations. Permeable boundaries allow for the integration of one role while present in the other role, such as scheduling dinner reservations on an app while at work or taking a work call while on vacation. This exploratory research examines the characteristics of employees who have different boundary types and whether these individuals experience different levels of work-family conflict as well as job and life satisfaction.
A Non-Economic Model of the Social Value of Network Policy
Authors: Shin Dong-Hee
Published: August 2016

To understand market dynamics relating to net neutrality better, in particular from the end-user perspective, this study examines consumer perception of neutrality and the public value under debate within the neutrality discussions. Focusing on the user perspective, it analyzes the policy effectiveness of current net neutrality by analyzing user perception and opinion. A value model is proposed to empirically test the policy effectiveness by incorporating factors representing net neutrality. The factors are drawn from people's perceived concepts of net neutrality. The findings show that while competition and regulation are the two main factors constituting net neutrality, each of them influences the formation of attitude toward policy effectiveness differently. This study contributes to policymakers by increasing an understanding of market dynamics relating to net neutrality, in particular from the end-user perspective.
Experimental Study on Effect of Ceiling on Upward Flame Spread over Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Sheets
Authors: Peng Fei , Yang Li Zhong , Zhou Xiao Dong
Published: August 2016

A series of experiments was designed to investigate the effects of ceiling on upward flame spread. The result reveals that the ceiling accelerates the burning rate of upward flame under certain situations. And the acceleration is slightly increase with the increasing sample length, but almost keeps the same with different sample width. The heat release rate per unit area nearly keeps the same for the series work with ceiling or the series work without ceiling. But the heat release rate per unit area between the two series is obvious, the heat release rate per unit area with ceiling is much higher than the ones without ceiling.
Parametric Study of Silica Precipitation from Geothermal Brine
Authors: Santiago Denise Ester , Pajarito Bryan B.
Published: August 2016

The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) on yield and spectral similarity correlation (Corr) of silica harvested from geothermal brine are determined. The yield of geothermal silica is observed to increase when the reaction temperature is decreased, and when reaction time and NaOH concentration are increased. The Corr value is observed to increase when reaction temperature, reaction time, and NaOH concentration are decreased. The main effect of NaOH concentration and temperature significantly affects the yield and Corr of geothermal silica, respectively. To produce geothermal silica of high yield and spectral similarity to commercial silica filler for polymer, the optimum condition to precipitate silica from geothermal brine is predicted at temperature= 28°C, reaction time=12 h, and NaOH concentration= 7.5 %w/w.
Effects of Dimethoxyethane as a Co-Solvent on Electrochemical Formation of a Surface Film on Graphite in an Ethylene Carbonate-Based Solution
Authors: Jeong Soon Ki
Published: August 2016

The electrochemical processes occurring at the surface of a highly ordered pyrolytic graphite electrode were investigated, to understand the effects of dimethoxyethane as a co-solvent on the formation of a surface film. In-situ electrochemical atomic force microscopy revealed that a thin film of ~5 nm thickness was formed on the graphite surface after the first potential cycling. There was no evidence of co-intercalation of the solvent molecules. The cyclic voltammetry analysis revealed that a irreversible reduction peak closely related to the film formation was present at ~1.7 V vs. Li+/Li.
Solid-State Synthesis and Characterization of Li7-3xGaxLa3Zr2O12 Solid Electrolyte for Li-Ion Battery Application
Authors: Gimpaya Ruziel Larmae T. , Gamboa Rembrant Rockwell , Botin Shari Ann , Cervera Rinlee Butch M.
Published: August 2016

Conventional solid-state synthesis of Li7-3xGaxLa3Zr2O12 (LLZ) at x = 0.0 and 0.1 were performed in an attempt to investigate the microstructural and electrochemical properties of pure and Ga-doped LLZ as solid electrolyte material. The XRD patterns have shown that upon sintering at 1150°C the cubic-phased garnet LLZ were fully stabilized. Ga-doped LLZ exhibited a Li-ion conductivity up to 2.03 x 10-4 Scm-1 at 25°C. The relative densities of the pure and Ga-doped LLZ sintered at 1150°C for 15 h are 87.62% and 88.79%, respectively. This suggests that Ga dopant, even at small amount of x = 0.1, promotes densification. SEM-EDS confirmed the presence of Ga and homogenous distribution of elements in the synthesized material.
Manufacturing and Macroscopic Properties of Warm Sprayed Cu-36at.%In-15at.%Ga Coating Layer
Authors: Ham Gi Su , Kim Hyung Jun , Ji Dae Hoon , Lee Kee Ahn
Published: August 2016

A Cu-36at.%In-15at.%Ga coating layer is manufactured using a warm spray process and ternary alloy powders. The powder used had a particle-size distribution of 5~22μm with a spherical shape and average particle size of 11.6μm. Pure aluminum plate was used as a substrate. As a result, a CIG coating layer with 120μm thickness was successfully obtained. In order to improve the density of the coating layer, post heat treatment was applied for 1 hour in each condition of 200, 300 and 400°C. Phase analysis of the powder initially used identified Cu9In4, Cu9Ga4 phases, and Cu9In4, Cu9Ga4, Cu3Ga phases were identified after warm spraying. As heat treatment was applied, porosity decreased from 0.98% (as sprayed) to 0.8% (400°C), showing an increase in density, and hardness also decreased from 304Hv (as sprayed) to 258Hv (400°C).
Design of High Speed and High Efficiency Single-Photon Detectors Using Silicon Avalanche Photodiodes
Authors: Zhou Nan , Zhuang Miao Qing , Liang Hao
Published: August 2016

Avalanche photodiodes are crucial materials for single-photon detection. Single-photon detectors are indispensable components for optical experiments and applications such as quantum information processing and quantum communications, both of which demand high single-photon detection efficiency. The authors have first developed a silicon single-photon avalanche detector in near infrared spectrum with 1 MHz square wave gating and tested its performance. Then we have also designed a high-speed and high-efficiency silicon single-photon detection system with 152 MHz sine wave gating and improved its single-photon detection efficiency to 77.48%.