bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Culture Parameters on the Biosorption of Uranium onto Chlorella pyrenoidosa
Authors: Li Shi You , Xie Shui Bo , Liu Jin Xiang , Rong Li Shan , Zhao Cong , Zhou Shuai
Published: June 2012

The usefulness of chlorella pyrenoidosa were investigated for the removel of U(Ⅵ) from aqueous solution. Employing monofactorial and orthogonal experiment method for evaluating the biosorption of U(Ⅵ) onto chlorella pyrenoidosa, respectively, the influence of U(Ⅵ) concentration、pH、N/P and temperature on the biosorption of U(Ⅵ) by chlorella pyrenoidosa were studied.The results showed that the pH and U(Ⅵ) concentration were significant to remove U(Ⅵ) and that the increases of pH as well as U(Ⅵ) concentration was beneficial to the U(Ⅵ) absorption. However, the U(Ⅵ) absorption was affected less by the N/P and the temperature. Confirmed through orthogonal experiment, the optimum condition composition to attenuate U(Ⅵ) was 3.4mg/L U(Ⅵ) concentration at pH 6.0 with temperature 293K,and 3/1 of N/P. It was also proved that fresh cell of 1g/L(in dry weight) was able to attenuate U(Ⅵ) in wastewater from 3.4mg/L to 0.72 mg/L after batch experiments under the optimum conditions, which indicated good prospect in its future application.
Effects of Composted Sewage Sludge on the Enzyme Activities in the Aeolian Sandy Soil
Authors: Wang Jie , Yi Yan Li , Tang Feng De , Pang Xiang Rui , Chen Zhong Lin , Peng Li Man , Zhou Xiao Yang , Yang Chun Lu
Published: June 2012

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of composted sewage sludge’s application on the dynamics change of enzyme activities in aeolian sandy soil. The composted sewage sludge was applied to the soil at 0,2,5,10,15,20 and 25 t·ha-1 respectively. The effects of various sewage sludge dosages on the soil’s enzyme activities were evaluated by measuring urease,sucrase,neutral phosphatase and catalase at different time intervals of 15,50,80,110 and 150 days after the addition of sewage sludge to the soil.The results showed that the urease,sucrase,neutral phosphatase and catalase activities increased to varying degrees as the sewage sludge dosages added to the soil increased. And the four enzyme activities were affected by the sampling time significantly,the urease and sucrase activities reached their maximum values in 50 days,and neutral phosphatase and catalase activities reached their maximum values in 80 days.The results also showed that the application of sewage sludge had positive effects on improving the aeolian sandy soil’s fertility.
Enhancement of Sewage Sludge Anaerobic Digestibility by Sulfate Radical Pretreatment
Authors: Sun De Dong , Liang Hua Mei , Ma Chun
Published: June 2012

The effect of sulfate radical(SO4−•) pretreatment on mesophilic anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge was investigated and compared with a control group. The results showed that pretreatment can effectively improve sludge anaerobic digestion performance. After sulfate radical pretreatment, the removal rate of TCOD during the digestion was increased by 11.5% , the cumulative gas production was increased by 44.9%.The VFA concentration increased in the supernatant after pretreatment, but the alkalinity was also increased at the same time, so as to ensure the stability of whole system. The highest methane yield under pretreatment condition was 0.27m3 CH4/kgVSremoval, 180.0% of the control. The results indicated that persulfate /K2S2O8 pretreatment could be an effective method for improving methane yield.
Fate of Mercury in a Modern Municipal Solid Waste Landfill in China
Authors: Li Zhong Gen , Feng Xin Bin , Li Ping
Published: June 2012

Fate of mercury (Hg) in a modern sanitary municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill in Guiyang, China was investigated to assess the potential lost of Hg to ambient environment through different pathways. Mercury content in MSW, leachate, and mercury airborne emission rate through the surface and the vent pipe system were determined. A mass balance calculation showed that, roughly 0.67% of Hg entered into the landfill each year was lost into the surrounding environment, which was dominated by the pathway of working face (98.47%), then soil covers (1.28%), leachate (0.22%) and landfill gas vent pipes (0.03%).
Growth and Physio-Biochemical Responses of Vetiveria zizanioides to Solidification/Stabilization Products Made from Dredged Sediment
Authors: Kuang Chen Kun , Zhang Tai Ping
Published: June 2012

Large amount of dredged sediments has caused a series of social and environmental problems, because of serious heavy metal contamination. A novel method is reported here to recycle the dredged sediments in an eco-friendly manner by combining solidification/stabilization (S/S) treatment and vegetation. In this work, we formulated Portland cement, bontonite and quicklime with fly ash to solidify/stabilize the sediment dredged from a polluted river in Guangzhou, China. The stabilization effect was evaluated, and the influences of S/S products on plant growth were also investigated. The results indicate that S/S products have stable fixing capacities for Cd, Pb, and Ni in the dredged sediment. The results of subsequent plant growth experiment suggest that S/S products could be used as a media to grow plants, and fertilizer to sustain the growth of the plants. Vetiver growing in S/S products would stress on the plants and enhance the expression of enzymes, thus increasing the tolerance of the plants to the stress. Our research on combining S/S product and vegetation has demonstrated that it is feasible to recycle the dredged sediment eco-friendly. S/S product combined with vetiver grass has great potential in ecological restoration.
Management of Drilling Waste in an Environment and Economic Acceptable Manner
Authors: Wang Fei , Liang Zheng , Deng Xiong
Published: June 2012

In upstream petroleum industry, one of the major operations that can potentially impact the environment is drilling. A major component of the wastes generated during drilling are the rock cuttings and the drilling fluids. The drilling fluids can have different chemical composition and various additives. Spilled or improperly disposed drilling wastes have the potential to harm plants and animals, and it should be managed to minimize risk to human health and the environment. The increasing environmental legislation surrounding drilling operations has led to a rapid rise in drilling waste management spending by operators. Managing wastes to minimize their harm potential to health and environment is the international concern and requires efficient management of wastes to reduce the environmental impacts. The management and control of waste which develops from the strategy can also have the beneficial effect of reducing the number of health related issues.This paper presents the waste management including recognizing the waste sources and methods which are used to minimize the impaction to environment and human health from drilling waste. This paper also reviews the strategy of drilling waste management which could reduce the number of health related issues as well as environment pollution.
Effects of Cadmium on the Expression of Antioxidant Enzymes, Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Primary Hepatocytes of Carassius Auratus
Authors: Jiang Shun Yao , Zhou Pei Jiang
Published: June 2012

The primary hepatocytes of Carassius auratus were incubated with 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 mg/l Cadmium(Cd2+) at 25°C for 8h in vitro. The results showed that the hepatocytes survival rate in the 1, 10 and 100 mg/l Cd2+ treated groups were significantly lower than that in the control, the percentage of apoptotic hepatocytes significantly increased in 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/l of Cd2+ treated groups, intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content significantly increased in 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 mg/l Cd2+ treated groups, typical DNA ladder was observed in 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/l Cd2+ treated groups, and ruleless DNA fragment occurred in 100 mg/l Cd2+ treated group. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes and the expression of their isozymes activities have similar change tendency, compared with the control group, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and their isozymes were activated by low concentration of Cd2+ (0.1 and 1 mg/l), however, their activities were inhibited by high concentration of Cd2+ (10 and 100 mg/l), especially, the special isozyme (SOD1) was found in the patterns of SOD isozymes in 0.1 and 1 mg/l Cd2+ treated groups, the activities of peroxidase(POD) and its isozymes significantly reduced with a concentration-dependent manner in all Cd Cd2+ treated groups, the activities of catalase(CAT) and its isozymes significantly decreased in higher concentration Cd2+ treated groups (1, 10 and 100mg/l). The results suggested that Cd2+ could damage the activities of the antioxidant enzymes and cause oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation, apoptosis and necrosis in primary hepatocytes, contributing to the liver toxicity induced by Cd2+.
Pilot Experiments on Co-Processing Oversized Products Screened from Aged Refuse in Cement Kiln
Authors: Li Chun Ping
Published: June 2012

Re-processing of aged refuse with particle size of 100mm, heating value above 3000kcal/kg above, chlorine content of about 0.13% was added into cement kiln as alternative fuels using screw conveyor. The results show that: except for NOx, emission rate and concentrations of TSPs, HCl, HF, SO2, CO from cement kiln flue gas were increased and volatized significantly after adding alternative fuels. Dosage of 2t/h of alternative fuels affected little on kiln system, so, main process parameters were normal and no more substantial fluctuations, but, the amount of feeding coal at calciner were adjusted more frequently. Element of S in hot raw material into the kiln seemed no significant changes while K and Cl content was significantly increased within the manageable range. Compressive strength, flexural strength, water demand for normal consistency, surface area of clinker all reduced when using alternative fuels, initial setting time and final setting time were increased compared with clinker saturation. Adding alternative fuels saving of coal, but the actual effect of alternative fuel was less than theoretical results, indicating that intermittent feeding mode was not desirable.
Process of Biodiesel Made from Waste Cooking Oil via Acid Catalyst
Authors: Ning Na , Ren Lian Hai
Published: June 2012

Biodiesel was made from waste cooking oil via acid catalyst in order to eliminate the waste cooking oil pollution and realize the health of waste oil use. The optimum conditions of biodiesel made from waste cooking oil, effect of reaction time, alcohol-oil ratio and catalyst dosage to the biodiesel conversion were explored by using orthogonal experiment design. The results showed that the conversion of biodiesel is 95.2% under the conditions of the reaction time is 2h, the alcohol-oil ratio is 6:1, the catalyst dosage is 1.5%, and the influence factors can be arranged as follows: reaction time > catalyst dosage > alcohol-oil ratio.
Recycling Opportunities for Lithium-Ion Power Batteries
Authors: Zhao Guang Jin , Wu Wen Long , Qiu Wu Bin , Liu Shao Lin , Wang Gang
Published: June 2012

The purpose of this paper is to review the current status of the recycling technologies of spent LIBs (LIBs) based on LiCoO2 system, including the structure and components of the LIBs, the recycling processes from spent LIBs, the problems and prospect of the studies of the recycling technologies have been put forward. Furthermore, the necessity of developing new recycling technologies and processes for lithium-ion power batteries, our research and technical approach are also demonstrated.
Research of Sludge Properties during Startup of Integrated Anoxic Aerobic Process
Authors: Guo Yong Fu , Chu Jin Yu , Liu Yong Jian , Zhang Wei Jia , Xu Le Zhong
Published: June 2012

An integrated and three-dimensional anoxic-aerobic (A/O) process is put forward. The novel A/O process is used to treat printing and dyeing wastewater with concentrated sludge of sludge concentration tank as inoculated sludge. The experiment studies the sludge properties during startup of the A/O process. The results show that the inoculated sludge has completely adapted the quality of the wastewater after operation of 54 d. The average MLSS of A tank and O tank reach 7.26 g/L and 3.69 g/L at the end of the last stage, respectively. The ratios of MLVSS to MLSS in A/O reactor are stable at 0.63 - 0.75. And the sedimentation velocity of sludge has a large-scale promotion and reaches 34.2 m/h in A tank and 25 m/h in O tank, respectively. Simultaneously, the novel A/O reactor has high biodegradability for pollutants with CODcr removal efficiency of about 70%. The results indicate that the integrated A/O process will be a better method to treat printing and dyeing wastewater.
Research on Flue Gas Cleaning of Waste Incineration by Rotating Spray Drying
Authors: Xie Hai Wei , Zhang Yan
Published: June 2012

An experimental system of rotating spray drying for cleaning the waste incineration flue gas has been set up on account of the particular fact, that the flue gas quantity is small and contains relatively little SO2,but relatively much HCl. The influence, of the main parameters which could be control during design and operation, on the efficiency of desulphurization and dechlorination has been tested determined. It was showed that this method resulted in higher dechlorination efficiency and lower desulphurization efficiency. Nevertheless, considering the particularities of the waste incineration flue gas, the discharged flue gas which had been cleaned by this method can meet the restrictive demands of discharging standard of SO2, and at the same time can warrant a higher efficiency of dechlorination. The efficiency of flue gas cleaning can be enhanced by increasing stoichiometric ratio, by injecting more water, by increasing the rotating speed of atomizer and by decreasing flue gas velocity. The efficiency of desulphurization and dechlorination could reach 78％ and 90％ at stoichiometric ratio 1.8, the amount of injection water 15L/h, rotating speed of atomizer 13500r/min and flue gas velocity 0.7m/s.
Startup of Simultaneous Low Dissolved Oxygen Coupled with Low F/M System and the Prevention of Sludge Bulking by Acclimating Limited-Mineralization Sludge with Higher-Concentration
Authors: Zhou Cheng Jin , He Wen Jie , Zhang Tian Tian , Tian Hai Ning
Published: June 2012

It is significant to realize stable operation of the simultaneous low dissolved oxygen coupled with low F/M system. Two acclimation modes including 1) reducing DO firstly and then adjusting the F/M , and 2)reducing the F/M firstly and then adjusting DO were conducted. The results showed that the first operation mode was prone to induce high-viscosity sludge bulking at the reaction temperature of 9~10°C and filamentous bulking under low F/M of 0.08~0.1kgCOD/kgMLSS•d at 20±1°C。However, good settling performance and effluent were achieved under the second operation mode. It is proposed to culture limited-mineralization activated sludge with higher-concentration to realize the prevention of sludge bulking.
Effects of Surface Properties and Solvent PH Values on the Adsorption/Desorption Abilities of Mesoporous SBA-15 to Methylene Blue Molecules
Authors: Liu Hui , Li Hong Liang , Wang Meng Xue , Sang Jing Jing , Zhao Xiu Song
Published: June 2012

Methylene blue (MB) was used as model molecule to investigate the effects of surface properties and solvent pH values on the adsorption and desorption (or release) behaviors of mesoporous SBA-15 materials. It was found that the treatment of SBA-15 with a pH 7.8 aqueous solution can enhance the adsorption rate and capacity in comparison with the pristine SBA-15. The effect of pH values on MB releasing from the weak base treated SBA-15 and the pristine one have been studied and been compared in pH values range from 0.5 to 7.0. Both of them showed a maximum releasing rate at about pH 2 and all of the treated SBA-15 samples showed a higher releasing quantity than the pristine ones. The influence mechanisms of base treatment on the adsorption ability and that of pH values on the releasing properties of SBA-15 samples have been analyzed and been discussed based on the composition, the morphology, the surface area and pore size distribution and adsorption/desorption measurements.
The Liquefaction Mechanism Research of Straw Fiber in Polyhydric Alcohol
Authors: Chen Qiu Ling , Sun Ke Wei , Zhang Chun Hong
Published: June 2012

Two key products were isolated and purified from liquid mixture composition of wheat straw, by means of a combination of organic solvent extraction and column chromatography. Their structures were identified on basis of nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT), mass spectrometry (MS), and infrared (IR). The mechanism of liquefaction of straw was inferred from the structures of products and changes of hydroxyl value and liquefaction residue, which make up the lack of mechanistic studies of overall utilization of plant fibers.
Evaluating Residential Knowledge and Attitudes for Domestic Waste Sorting and Recycling
Authors: Gao Jun Ke , Kakehashi Masayuki
Published: June 2012

Uncontrolled growth of the population in recent years has made the huge amount of domestic waste engaged. In order to provide information for setting up a proper system to sort and recycle waste, we conducted a survey of evaluating residential knowledge and attitudes. An anonymous questionnaire was used among 523 residents including 237 males and 286 females. Their awareness of waste sorting, habit of dealing with waste and willingness of participating recycling activities were asked. The results showed that awareness on sorting and recycling among residents was not sufficient. But most of them have a strong willing to learn pertinent knowledge and participate recycling activities. Concerning the habit of dealing with waste, 48.5% of them answered they always threw them in the garbage directly. It suggested that owning to sorting and recycling at generation point the residents’ awareness need to be enhanced.
Electrokinetic Remediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Using Permeable Reactive Composite Electrodes
Authors: Fu Rong Bing , Liu Xin Xing , Liu Fang , Ma Jin , Ma Yu Mei , Zhang Chang Bo , Zhu Jiang
Published: June 2012

A new permeable reactive composite electrode (PRCE) attached with a permeable reactive layer (PRL) of Fe0 and zeolite has been developed for soil pH control and the improved removal efficiency of heavy metal ions (Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu) from soil in electrokinetic remediation process. The effects of different composite electrodes on pH control and heavy metal removal efficiency were studied, and changes in the forms of heavy metals moved onto the electrodes were analyzed. The results showed that with acidic/alkaline zeolite added and renewed in time, the composite electrodes could effectively neutralize and capture H+ and OH- produced from electrolysis of the anolyte and catholyte, avoiding or delaying the formation of acidic/alkaline front in tested soil, preventing premature precipitation of heavy metal ions and over-acidification of soil, and thus significantly improved the heavy metal removal efficiency. Fe0 in composite electrodes could deoxidize and stabilize the heavy metal ions. After that capture and immobilization of the pollutants were achieved. The results also showed that, using "Fe0 + zeolite" PRCE in the cathode with timely renewal, after 15-day remediation with a DC voltage of 1.5 V/cm, the total removal rates of Cd, Pb, Cu and Ni were 49.4%, 47.1%, 36.7% and 39.2%, respectively.
Study on Wet Treatment Process of Waste Printed Circuit Boards
Authors: Wu Cai Bin , Shi Gui Ming , Yan Cui Ping
Published: June 2012

The dry crushing of wasted printed circuit boards (PCBs) can make secondary contamination. In this paper, a wet comminution process is put forward to solve the difficulties. For the comminution product, the distributions of particle size, liberation degree and metal grade are analyzed, and for the product below 1mm, a wet metal beneficiation process combined with shaking table and flotation is employed. The results show that the Whole PCBs could be comminuted by the MX wet impact crusher, and the cumulative yield, liberation degree, total metal content and its copper grade of the product below 1mm is 83.49%, 97%, 83.46% and 20.50%respectively, and that metal concentrates could be beneficiated by XZY wet shaking table, and the yield, total metal weight, copper grade of the metal concentrate, the recovery of total metal and copper is 34.87%, 88.99%, 50.73%,79.90% and 78.07% respectively keeping the feeding concentration at 20% and water consumption in 1100L/h. For these metals included by shaking-table middling, the separation of both flotation and shaking table is carried out, and the total metal content and its copper grade, recovery in metal concentrate 2′ is 72.07% , 31.59% and62.04% respectively, meanwhile the copper grade of tailings in flotation and shaking table are decreased to 1.26% and 2.94%. The wet treatment process can effectively concentrate these valuable metals from waste PCBs.
Reservoir Real-Time Optimization Operation Model Based on PSO
Authors: Diao Yan Fang , Dong Jie , Wang Gang , Yao Na , Ye Fan
Published: June 2012

The reservoir real-time operation is a cyclic process of forcast-decision making-implementation, in which the key issue is to confirm discharges quickly and exactly. In order to solve this issue, a reservoir real-time optimization operation model based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is proposed and the real-time operation procedure is illustrated in this paper. Taking the flood hydrograph 19750729 of Huanren reservoir as an example, discharges calculated by the real-time optimization operation model are compared with those calculated by conventional operation. It could be seen that the running speed of the real-time optimization operation model is quickly, discharges are uniform and reduced under the safety of dam, and the benefit is improved. Therefore, this model is reasonable and feasible.
Evaluation of Flocs Size inside the Blanket Clarifier
Authors: Zhang Li Qing , Zhang Gang
Published: June 2012

Flocs size is an important parameter in the blanket clarifier process, hence, it is necessary to investigate flocs average diameter in different blanket height to achieve optimum operation parameters of the process. To investigate the flocs size under different operational conditions，flocs were sampled from different locations of the blanket in various operating stages to analyze its size. Experimental works with water plant wastes flocculated with polyacrylamide (PAM) suspended in a pilot-scale blanket confirmed the theoretical predictions. Change in operational conditions such as raw water concentration and up-flow rate would affect the blanket flocs size, there exists a linear relationship between up-flow rate and flocs average size, and flocs size were improved along with the increase of raw sludge concentration. The experimental results identified an inverse proportion between flocs average size and the blanket depth, the average flocs diameter increased along with the depth of the blanket.
Experimental Study on Radiant Heat of Market Shelf Fire Decayed by High-Pressure Water Mist System
Authors: Wang Jian Ying , Dong Xi Lin
Published: June 2012

Experimental study on radiant heat of market shelf fire depressed by high-pressure water mist system was carried out. The experiment researched on typical burning parts and combustions of places like market, and chosen experimental combustion components. The results show that the concentrate spray of high-pressure water mist system can decay the radiant heat of fire shelf effectively. The higher the spray pressure of the system, the faster the decay rate of radiation heat.
Fuzzy Evaluation of Water Quality in Water Distribution System Based on Entropy Weight and EPANET
Authors: Zhao Ling Ping , Zhang Fen Ge , Dong Liang Fei , Wei Yong , Tu Bao Hua , Chen Chun Fang
Published: June 2012

According to the fuzziness of water quality in water distribution system, based on the simulation data of water quality obtained by using EPANET software,and applying entropy weight theory in the fuzzy evaluation of water quality, fuzzy evaluation model of water quality based on entropy weight and EPANET is established. Water quality in water distribution system of Hengshanqiao town is evaluated by using this method.Evaluation results are relatively objective and credible, proving that the method is simple and practical, scientific and reliable.
High Concentration of Carbon Dioxide Sequestrated by Microalgae in A Closed Raceway Pond Photobioreactor
Authors: Li Shu Wen , Luo Sheng Jun , Fan Xiao Lei , Yang Zhi Man , Yin Jiu Sheng , Guo Rong Bo
Published: June 2012

CO2 is the main greenhouse gas leading to global warming. Sequestration strategies of CO2 have become a popular research topic around the world. Among them, CO2 biofixation by microalgae is thought to be one of the most effective carbon sequestration means. The flue gas from power plant or waste gas from industry normally contains concentrated CO2 with concentrations varied from 10% to 95%. In the present study, microalgae growth in a closed raceway pond aerated with high concentration of CO2 (100%) was examined. The experimental results showed that in the closed raceway pond, microalgae can grow with 100% CO2 and grow well under certain condition. The present study proved the feasibility of using microalgae for sequestration of concentrated CO2 emitted from industrial plants.
The Subjective Assessment of Soundscape in Campus — Taking YaoHu Campus of Jiangxi Normal University for Example
Authors: Deng Rong Gen , Liao Wei Ming
Published: June 2012

In order to the search for more effective noise control measures and a more rational urban planning from the angle of economy, environment, so that we can create a healthier living environment, this paper does some preliminary investigation in the aspect of soundscape. This paper introduces soundscape science research status and research results domesticity and abroad, and on this basis, makes a subjective evaluation of voice of the landscape in Jiangxi Normal University, by combinating Psychoacoustic Evaluation Method. This paper record various of sounds existing in the campus, analyses properties of each sound, and does a large-scale survey about the popularity of these sounds. The paper chooses ten most popular voices using mark-giving method, and analyses the ten 10 kinds of sound by SD methods. The following are the results: (1) the ten most popular voices in the campus: voice of birds, sounds of musical instruments, voice of singing、reading、and teachers’ lectures, and the sound of radio(music)、 broadcasting (in English and other programs)、computer sound (music, film sound) and wind，50% of which are natural sounds, 30% human voice, and 20% noise of machines. From above, we can see that the sounds from nature are more acceptable. (2) By using semantic differential method (SD Act), the paper does a subjective evaluation on the ten popular kinds of voices. Marks are different form different analysing angle, that is, different people like different voices on different degrees. (3) When people work and learn, it is good to create some comfortable sounds in the surroundings and control or eliminate noisy sounds. Creating a comfortable sound surrounding environment is a good way to improve people’s working and learning effeciency.
A Field Study Method for Soundscape in Railway Stations
Authors: Meng Qi , Zhang Zheng Wei , Wang Yi Ning
Published: June 2012

Present, railway stations are rather common in every cities, towns and villages. In this study, the field study method of soundscape in railway stations has been developed, aiming at finding out the relationships between users’ evaluation of sound environment and other factors in such spaces, as well as their similarities and differences with other urban public spaces. Based on sociological theory, questionnaires and simpling methods have been designed. Using these methods, soundscape surveys and measurement have been carried out in 4 railway stations in capital cities, China, considering both staffs and passengers. By analysing the data, some initial results are given in this paper for further research.
Identification of Microbial Rhodopsin Genes from Salt Lake in Inner Mongolia
Authors: Meng Chao Luo , Dai Gang , Iwasa Tatsuo
Published: June 2012

Microbial rhodopsins are photoactive proteins that use retinal molecule as the photoactive center. Because of the structural simplicity and functional diversity, microbial rhodopsins have been an excellent model system for structural biology. In the past decades microbial rhodopisns were identified from diverse environments including salt lakes, fresh water, sea water, human and plant tissues as fungal pathogens. In the present work, we tried to identify microbial rhodopsin genes from salt lake in Inner Mongolia, China. Two bacteriorhodopsin-like genes were identified. The retrieved sequences were analyzed by comparing with four most widely studied haloarchaeal rhodopsins.
The Analysis of Vibration Fault Features and Vibration Mechanism Caused by Rotating Machinery Loosening
Authors: Li Xuan
Published: June 2012

This article will introduce the mechanical loosening form caused by rotating machinery, analysize the fault characteristics and typical spectrum of all types of loosening form and vibration mechanism caused by mechanical loosening
Model and Application on Displacement Calculation of Abutment by Considering Earthquake Effects
Authors: Chen Hong Kai , Tang Lan , He Xiao Ying , Liu Rong Can
Published: June 2012

The response characteristics to the seismic action of displacement for abutment are the important part of security evaluation, earthquake resistance and disaster mitigation in the seismic region. This paper decomposes the displacement of abutment into the slip displacement and rotation displacement two parts, respectively proposes the translational and rotational displacement model of abutment and establishes the corresponding calculation formulas. The case analysis indicates that the response characteristics of abutment displacement to the seismic action are comparatively sensitive, in which the translational displacement appears positive response relationship with the acceleration of seismic, while the rotational displacement appears negative response relationship. However, it holds significant mutation from 0.5g to 0.6g for both of the translational displacement and rotational displacement. In other words, the seismic acceleration from 0.5g to 0.6g should be paid highly attention in doing seismic resistance design in the seismic region.
Analysis on the Effect of System Parameter on Double Cantilevers Vibro-Impact System Response
Authors: Wang Yu Rong , Wu Tian Xing
Published: June 2012

The dynamic response of double cantilever vibro-impact system such as the stability of periodic motion, bifurcation etc., is an extremely important research content. However, the system dynamic characteristics are often influenced by the system parameters. Therefore, the theoretical modal of a double cantilevers vibro-impact system was established in this work, and the influence of clearance, damping and cubic nonlinear item on the dynamic characteristics of double cantilever vibro-impact system is detailedly analyzed through the numerical method .The results is helpful to analyze the practical engineering and to explore the nonlinear phenomena and the instability mechanism of the vibro-impact system such as milling process.
Experimental Study on Water Purification by Combination Processes of KMnO4 Pre-Oxidation and Flotation-Sedimentation Tank
Authors: Li Mei , Zhang Ke Feng , Wang Xin
Published: June 2012

Low temperature and low turbidity surface water is difficult to be treated using the traditional water treatment process, especially microamount organic matter and odor compounds in the water is hardly to be removed. The aim of this paper was to study the removal effects of treating reservoir water derived from Yellow River by combination processes of KMnO4 pre-oxidation and flotation-sedimentation tank. The results showed that the best dosage of KMnO4 was 0.3mg/L and removal efficiency of CODMn, UV254 and turbidity after KMnO4 pre-oxidation was 20.52%, 20.17% and 13.88%, especially. The combination processes have the advantage of treating the surface water at low temperature and low turbidity
Influences of Florfenicol Used in Aquaculture on Bacteria in Coastal Marine Sediments
Authors: Zong Hu Min , Wang Ju Ying , Hu Ying Ying , Zhang Zhi Feng , Ma De Yi
Published: June 2012

Florfenicol is an effective antibacterial that is widely used in aquaculture farms. The current paper aims to investigate the potential influences of florfenicol on the growth and activities of microorganisms in the sediments of the Dalian coastal area using spiked experiments. The florfenicol resistance of heterotrophic bacteria in the sediment samples from different stations is also analyzed. The results show that florfenicol inhibits the growth and nitrification rates of both ammonia- and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. Moreover, the sediment samples from stations which previously used florfenicol or other antibacterials had higher percentages of florfenicol-resistant bacteria, indicating that the resistance of heterotrophic bacteria in the sediments developed due to the use of antibacterials.
Research on Fiber Preparation Section with Life Cycle Assessment Theory
Authors: Song Jie , Jia Na , Ge Bing , Hua Jun
Published: June 2012

This paper established the theoretical framework of life cycle assessment for the section of fiber preparation with end-based evaluation method, and the technology and equipment of the section of fiber preparation were considered as main research object. By using the theoretical system, an environmental impact model of the section of fiber preparation can be built, and then the parameter of main technology and key equipment can be optimized. to improve the evaluation system for wood-based panel production and thus guiding business investment, process improvement and equipment modification. Further more, it can be used to guide investment or upgrade technology and equipment.
Solubility of Benzoic Acid in Ethanol, Benzene, Acetic Acid and Ethyl Acetate from 291.69 to 356.27 K
Authors: Cheng Wen Ting , Feng Shuo , Cui Xiao Qin , Cheng Fang Qin
Published: June 2012

Using a synthetic method designed and installed with laser monitor on line, the solubility values of benzoic acid in ethanol, benzene, acetic acid and ethyl acetate were determined over the temperature range of 291.69-356.27 K. The solubility of benzoic acid in all cases investigated was found to increase with temperature. The two-parameters empirical and λh equations were used successfully to correlate experimental data of benzoic acid solubilities in organic solvents. The mean absolute error σ of 65 data points correlating by two-parameters empirical equation and λh equation was less than 1%. Finally, molar dissolution enthalpy ΔsolH of benzoic acid in organic solvents was determined with the newly obtained empirical equation parameters.
The Application of GMS in Numerical Simulation of Groundwater and Faults Disposing in Gaizi River Source
Authors: Liang Shi Chuan , Zhao Xin Sheng , Li Sheng , Feng Li Hua , Liu Xue Liang , Qin Xiao Min
Published: June 2012

GMS (Groundwater Modeling System) is a popular software of groundwater simulation and it also has good compatibility with ARCGIS data. The barrier term , lies in 3D Grids’ MODFLOW module, was developed to simulate thin ,vertical ,low-permeability features that impede the horizontal flow of groundwater .In Gaizi river study area ,the faults ,distributed nearly north-south ,have obstructive effects on groundwater. Using barrier borderline to tackle the faults, imitating study area’s groundwater, and the reckoning indicate that the faults have a prominent effect on subsurface flow. Using barrier borderline to handle faults can reflect faults’ effect perfectly in model.
Analysis of Hydrological Data Based on BP Neural Network Approximation and Polynomial Fitting
Authors: Li Shou Jun , Ma Xiao Ping , Yu Hong
Published: June 2012

It is an important means of hydrological data analysis for drawing hydrological data curve. The paper conducts a study on drawing method of stage-discharge curve in two aspects including BP neural network approximation and curve fitting, according to data extracted from a hydrologic station located in Suqian section of Beijing-Hangzhou Canal. Normalization of the input sample is processed in order to caculate conveniently and prevent partial neurons to supersaturate. Then, neuronal number is determined by method of heuristics. And the transfer function and training function are finalized on the premise of target error 0.0001.Error analysis is performed after simulation of BP network approximation. 2- and 3-order curve fitting is done based on principle of least squares of polynomial fitting, then followed by error analysis. Comparison of both methods comes to the conclusion that approximation of BP network for a given data is more accurate than that of curve fitting.
Groundwater Chemical Characteristics in the Taklimakan Desert
Authors: Fan Jing Long , Wang Yong Dong
Published: June 2012

The Taklimakan Desert, located in the center of the Tarim Basin, northwest China, is the arid center of the Europe-Asia Continent. Due to the scarcity of surface water resources in the Taklimakan desert, the groundwater feeding water supply system was constructed by some ecological engineering and power engineering such as Tazhong Oilfield and the Shelter-forest Project of the Tarim Desert Highway in the hinterland of the desert. In this work, the chemistry data of shallow groundwater was obtained through positional observation section along Tarim Desert Highway in the Taklimakan desert and the main chemistry indicators of groundwater were carried out system analysis. The relationship between the major ions and TDS in the desert shallow groundwater was clarified by using descriptive statistical methods and correlation coefficient methods. The results were shown that the TDS in desert shallow groundwater was relatively high, its value ranged between 30.246 ~ 3.093 g/L. The spatial distribution characteristics were high in the north and lower in the south, and the south was slightly higher than central region.
Modeling the Evaporation Line of Lake Water Isotopes in Golmud Drainage Basin, P.R. China
Authors: Ma Hong Yun , Yin Li He , Guo Li , Zhang Jun
Published: June 2012

The δD-δ18O line features are very important properties of isotopic characteristics. The δD-δ18O line usually is estimated by regression analysis when samples are sufficient. In thisSuperscript textpaper, the isotopic characteristic of rain water, shallow groundwater and lake water in Golmud drainage area of Qaidam Basin were analyzed, and the isotopic evaporation line of lake water was calculated with Rayleigh fractionation function because the regression analysis method is insufficient in the condition that measured samples of lake water are short. The result shows that the groundwater is the main source of lakes; and the isotopic fractionation of hydrogen and oxygen in lake water controlled by kinetic effect in the process of evaporation. The calculated evaporation line of lake water is δD=3.26δ18O-21.00, which is matched with measured samples. The sensitivity analysis of the slop to the temperature, dissolved salt composition in lake water and relative humidity of air shows that the slop is negative related to the temperature and dissolved composition and is positive related to relative humidity. In typical environmental condition, the slop is increased by 0.0303, 0.1016 and 0.0205, respectively, when temperature decreased 1°C, dissolved NaCl decreased 1mol/L and relative humidity increased by 1%.
Histopathological Alternations of Blood Clam Tegillarca granosa in Acute Copper, Zinc, Lead and Cadmium Exposures
Authors: Liu Guang Xu , Chai Xue Liang , Shao Yan Qing , Wu Hong Xi
Published: June 2012

Blood clam, Tegillarca granosa, facing increasing danger of heavy metal contamination. In order to investigate the toxicological effect of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) on T. granosa, histopathological alternations were investigated in present study. Based on histopathological observation, Cu, Pb and Cd showed different degrees of damages to gills range from gill degeneration, gill fusion to interlamellar space and cilia reduction. In general, the more toxic the more severe damages to gills were observed. Massive oocytes degeneration in female gonad, muscle fiber degeneration and increased gap between muscle fibers in foot were found in Cd-exposure-treated T. granosa. Zn exposure induced an increase of epidermis wrinkles and a reduction of inner gaps. The results reveal different toxic mechanisms of tested heavy metals on T. granosa.
Responses Analysis on Groundwater Level Fluctuations in Coastal Wetland
Authors: Kong Bo , Yu Huan , Tao He Ping
Published: June 2012

We analyzed the relationship of groundwater level of wetlands at the Yellow River mouth to the ocean tide responses, as well as its impact on the spatial distribution of wetland types by field positioning observations of coastal wetland groundwater levels. The results showed that, the groundwater level is significantly affected by the tides. Its fluctuation has a negative polynomial relationship with its distance to the coast. Their correlation reached maximum during spring tide (R2=0.79); the closer to the coast, the greater the groundwater level fluctuation is, the greater the interaction between the seawater and the groundwater, the smaller the groundwater depth; In contrast, the further from the coast, the smaller the level fluctuation is, the greater the groundwater depth level. The spatial distribution of coastal wetlands is greatly affected by groundwater level and ocean tide. Thus reasonable protection of the region is of importance for protection of both the seawater and groundwater qualities.
Simulation and Evaluation of Ecohydrological Effect of Water Transfers at Alagan in Lower Tarim River
Authors: Liu Deng Feng , Lin Mu , Tian Fu Qiang
Published: June 2012

The riparian vegetation is highly dependent on the groundwater which is recharged by the river in arid regions. Water is the most important limiting factor for riparian vegetation in arid regions. From 1970s to 2000, the lower Tarim River almost dried up and the groundwater table fell down obviously. The riparian vegetation degraded seriously due to the low groundwater table. From 2000 to 2006, water transfers were implemented in the lower Tarim River to restore the ecological environment. Although the observation of groundwater and vegetation was carried out along lower Tarim River, the dynamics of the groundwater and vegetation along the cross section of the river were unknown. Ecohydrological evolution model on Riparian Vegetation in hyper-arid regions (ERV model) is a distributed ecohydrological model and has been validated at Yingsu in lower Tarim River. In this paper, the ERV model is applied to analyze the ecohydrological effect of water transfers at Alagan in lower Tarim River. At the same time, the ERV model is further validated. The simulation result is validated by observed groundwater table and vegetation coverage computed from remote sensing data. The result shows that the average groundwater table at Alagan increased by 4.74m from 2000 to 2006 and the average groundwater depth reached 6.36m. The average vegetation coverage increased from 0.130 to 0.194. In order to recover the green corridor, the further water transfers are required. The results are helpful for the ecohydrological research and water resources management in lower Tarim River.
Spatial and Temporal Variation of Water Quality of Typical Rivers in the River-Network Plain to the East of Tai Lake
Authors: Wan Rong Rong , Yao Xin , Yu Zhong Hua , Dong Ya Wen
Published: June 2012

Nine cross sections of three typical rivers in the river-network plain to the east of Tai Lake were selected to measure water quality and water flow parameters monthly from September 2007 to August 2008. The spatial and temporal features of water quality were analyzed and the water pollution loads at river sections were estimated using statistic analysis. Combining land use in the riparian buffer zone interpreted form Remote Sensing images, the relationship between river water pollution load and land use were analyzed. It was clear that river water in the study area was polluted so seriously that water quality was ranked Grade V or worse. Pollutant input process in most river sections prevailed river self-purifying process. River qualities varied seasonally as that pollutant were denser in spring and winter than that in summer and autumn. Residential land in the 100 m buffer zone and industrial land in the 500 m buffer zone had the greatest influence on water quality. Forested and grassed riparian land appeared important in mitigating water quality degradation.
Spatial Simulation of Precipitation Resources in Chongqing
Authors: Lin Xiao Song , Yu Sha Sha , Wang Hai Yan
Published: June 2012

Years’ precipitation data of Chongqing from 101 metrological stations has been adopted in the paper and the regression equations between annual precipitation and altitude, longitude, and height have been obtained by the use of SPSS, then elaborate simulation of Chongqing’s precipitation resources based on regression analysis was completed through the 1km×1km grid system and fitted equation. Elaborated simulation of precipitation resources was realized by best spatial interpolation method with the support of GIS; then the results of two different simulation methods were coupled in the form of linear combination to obtain the coupling simulation of spatial distribution of Chongqing’s precipitation resources, finally the precipitation resources were summed up and distributed according to different administration areas at county level and thus obtain precise simulation data of precipitation resources in each county of Chongqing. The results showed that there is a remarkable regional difference in the spatial distribution of precipitation resources of Chongqing, and it decreases from the southeast to the northwest in general, with the annual precipitation higher than 1270mm in southeast and lower than 1080mm in northwest.
Study of the Soil Hydrological Process in the Source Regions of the Yangtze River, China
Authors: Wang Yi Bo , Niu Fu Jun , Wen Jing , Wu Qing Bai , Zhang Wei
Published: June 2012

Following the varieties among soil texture, vegetation and precipitation events, the soil hydrologic process in the Source Regions of the Yangtze River varies obviously. By selecting typical segments in the headwater of Yangtze River and utilizing related data about man-made simulating rainfall and natural rainfall, the study shows that the soil moisture appeared clear change process on the vertical sections in the different physiognomy units, different vegetation types and different degradation degrees. In the dept of 0~10cm and 10~25 cm, the soil moisture change process is most evident. The hydrology process is more complex because of the most violent restriction of all kinds of external factors. In addition, the status of soil underlying surfaces is an important factor that affects soil hydrology process. The study indicates that the change of the soil moisture process in the Source Regions of the Yangtze River is one of the important factors that result in plateau vegetation degeneration, soil desertification and leanness, this change is due to the influence of natural environment and human activities.
The Comprehensive Water Control Technology in the Coal Floor Limestone High Confined Aquifer
Authors: Li Pu Shan , A Li Li , Wang Xin Yi
Published: June 2012

To solve water disasters of coal seam bottom in the 8th coal mine, with the analysis on the bottom aquifer characteristics, the water inrush coefficient method was applied to evaluate the dangers of the aquifer floor and to the dangers division of water inrush. In combination with the karst fracture development conditions of the aquifer, we designed the water prevention and control plan of the limestone water under the seam floor. All the schemes set the basis for the mine safety production.