bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the velocity at wind turbine and propeller actuator discs
Authors: van Kuik Gijs A. M.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The first version of the actuator disc momentum theory is more than 100 years old. The extension towards very low rotational speeds with high torque for discs with a constant circulation, became available only recently. This theory gives the performance data like the power coefficient and average velocity at the disc. Potential flow calculations have added flow properties like the distribution of this velocity. The present paper addresses the comparison of actuator discs representing propellers and wind turbines, with emphasis on the velocity at the disc. At a low rotational speed, propeller discs have an expanding wake while still energy is put into the wake. The high angular momentum of the wake, due to the high torque, creates a pressure deficit which is supplemented by the pressure added by the disc thrust. This results in a positive energy balance while the wake axial velocity has lowered. In the propeller and wind turbine flow regime the velocity at the disc is 0 for a certain minimum but non-zero rotational speed. At the disc, the distribution of the axial velocity component is non-uniform in all flow states. However, the distribution of the velocity in the plane containing the axis, the meridian plane, is practically uniform (deviation approximately 0.2 %) for wind turbine disc flows with tip speed ratio λ > 5, almost uniform (deviation 2 %) for wind turbine disc flows with λ = 1 and propeller flows with advance ratio J = Π, and non-uniform (deviation 5 %) for the propeller disc flow with wake expansion at J = 2 Π. These differences in uniformity are caused by the different strengths of the singularity in the wake boundary vorticity strength at its leading edge.
Comparative assessment of storage stability of ginger-garlic and chemical preservation on fruit juice blends
Authors: Olaniran Abiola , Abu Helen , Afolabi Ruth , Okolie Charles , Owolabi Akinyomade , Akpor Oghenerobor
Published: February 2020

The study aimed at reduction of wastage of fruit, encourage production, consumption and preservation of fruit juice blends using garlic ginger filtrate with health benefits as biopreservative thus providing alternatives with biological advantage over chemical preservatives (ascorbic and benzoate acids) without altering the organoleptic and physicochemical properties of fruit juice blends. The study evaluated the potential of natural preservatives (ginger, garlic and ginger-garlic filtrates) in comparison with two conventional chemical preservatives (ascorbic and benzoate acids) for fruit juice blends preservation. The juice blend used was cashew, pineapple and watermelon. In terms of flavor and mouth feel, the order of preference of the juice were the preserved with 1% garlic-ginger > 1% ginger > 1% garlic > 1% ascorbic acid > and preserved with 1% sodium benzoate at ambient temperature. Maximum decrease in pH was observed in the juice sample that had no added preservative. Generally, all the fruit blends (preserved and unpreserved), with the exception of the one preserve with 1% ginger-garlic showed growth of bacteria after one week of storage. Juice blends preserved with the 1% ginger-garlic were most acceptable compared to other preservatives. The synergistic biopreservative ability observed with the ginger-garlic may be a preferable alternative to conventional preservatives.
Technical efficiency and factors affecting rice production in tidal lowlands of South Sumatra province Indonesia
Authors: Purba Khairul Fahmi , Yazid Muhammad , Hasmeda Mery , Adriani Dessy , Tafarini Meitry Firdha
Published: February 2020

Rice has been the staple food for most Indonesians, so the rice consumption in Indonesia is considerably high. Rice is cultivated in many agroecosystems, including tidal lowlands. Some tidal lowlands are considered suitable for rice cultivation. Therefore, tidal lowlands may support food security in Indonesia. However, productivity remains a problem in which inputs are not used efficiently. This study aims to determine the technical efficiency and identify factors affecting rice production in tidal lowlands of South Sumatra, one of main rice barns in Indonesia. A survey was conducted by interviewing 93 farmers in Telang Rejo Village. A data envelopment analysis (DEA) with output-oriented and variable returns to scale (VRS) approach was applied to measure technical efficiency score from each farm observed. An ordinary least square (OLS) regression with a Cobb-Douglass production function approach was employed to analyse the factors affecting rice production in tidal lowlands of South Sumatra, Indonesia. The results showed that majority of rice farms in the tidal lowlands of South Sumatra Indonesia were inefficient. There were 44 rice farms (47.31%) that were efficient, 5 rice farms (5.38%) that were inefficient under increasing returns to scale and 44 rice farms (47.31%) that were inefficient under decreasing returns to scale. The inputs, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilisers, herbicides, insecticides and fungicides had positive significant influences on rice production in the tidal lowlands of South Sumatra, Indonesia.
A Simultaneous-Equation Model of Estimating the Response of the Consumer Price to Exchange Rate Movements in Thailand
Authors: Hsing Yu
Published: February 2020

This paper examines exchange rate pass-through (ERPT) to the consumer price in Thailand based on a simultaneous-equation model consisting of the IS, LM and AS function. It employs comparative static analysis to determine the impact of a change in an exogenous variable on the equilibrium price level. The paper finds that a 1% depreciation of the Thai baht tends to cause the CPI to rise by 0.0696% and has declined since the adoption of inflation targeting in 2000. In addition, more money supply, more government deficit as a percent of GDP, a higher crude oil price, a higher U.S. CPI, and a higher expected price tends to raise Thailand’s CPI. The findings suggest that in addition to the exchange rate, other relevant variables such as fiscal policy, monetary policy, the crude oil price, U.S. price level and the expected price level are expected to impact the consumer price level.
Crossing and stranding at edges: On intermediate stranding and phase theory
Authors: Davis Colin
Published: February 2020

This paper investigates the distribution of stranding in intermediate positions under A′-movement, which I show obeys a cross-linguistically robust word order generalization: leftward movement of a phrase α can only intermediately strand an element β if β can be ordered rightward of α before stranding occurs. I argue that this generalization emerges naturally from the Cyclic Linearization theory of spell-out, and its interaction with independently supported constraints on movement in syntax. I go on to consider some reasons why a particular position may or may not be a viable location for stranded material.
Conjunction resolution is nonsyntactic, say paucals
Authors: Harbour Daniel
Published: February 2020

Conjunctions of paucals trigger either paucal or plural agreement. The choice is semantic, not syntactic, and therefore argues against syntactic feature calculuses for conjunction resolution.
The Image of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in Czech History Textbooks
Authors: Gracová Blažena
Published: February 2020

The analysis of the content of Czech history textbooks regarding Poland-Lithuania focuses on the origins of the freedoms enjoyed by the aristocracy under the Commonwealth, then moves to identifying references to the Polish kings and other major figures from the mid-fifteenth century to the end of the eighteenth century, key events during this period and specifically to the sections of the textbooks describing the demise of the Commonwealth. The use and function of written, iconographic, and graphic sources in presenting these topics was also taken into account. The textbooks do not devote as much attention to the Commonwealth of Poland as they do to the early beginnings of Polish statehood (which were closely associated with the Czech nation). Nor does this period in Polish history attract as much attention as the country’s twentieth-century history. Nevertheless, the textbooks do contain some key information—and in some cases more information than might be expected—on Polish history.
An Assessment of the Managerial Skills and Professional Development Needs of Private Catholic Secondary School Administrators in Bangkok, Thailand
Authors: Ibay Samera Batao , Pa-alisbo Mark Anthony Cenas
Published: February 2020

The knowledge and ability of the individuals in a managerial position are to fulfill some specific management activities or tasks.  Managerial skills are important for many reasons. Being a manager in an educational setting is a position to act as an effective leader and problem-solver in many simple and complex situations. However, in Thailand, it was observed that some managerial skills need to improve their skills. School managers should strengthen and develop to manage effectively and efficiently.  This mixed research surveyed the managerial skills of the school administrators in terms of conceptual skills, human skills, and technical skills in selected private catholic secondary schools in Bangkok, Thailand. The respondents self-assessed their managerial skills in the form of a checklist, and to validate the results, interviews were conducted to determine the professional development needs according to the lowest items assessed by the school administrators. A questionnaire anchored on Robert Katz’s theory of managerial skills and developed by Goodarzi (2002) was used to gather data.  With regards to the assessment of managerial skills’ practice of the school administrators, most of them assessed themselves as very good in terms of conceptual skills, human skills, and technical skills. The professional development needs of the private catholic school administrators in terms of conceptual skills are the identification of informal organization, articulation of strategy, and ability of prediction. On the other hand, school administrators need training in controlling conflict, report generation, and official correspondence in terms of human skills. Finally, they need professional development in financial management, computer skill, and marketing in terms of technical skills.
An Analysis of Pride and Prejudice from Structuralist Perspective
Authors: Zhang Jinhua
Published: February 2020

Pride and Prejudice is a classic novel from Jane Austen, a prominent female British writer, which has attracted considerable attention from the perspective of language, content, feminism, and marriage view but without the plot organization. Different from the previous study, this paper aims at the plot organization of the novel to see its structure and the deep meaning.

This paper is devoted to analyzing the novel from the surface and deep structure, in which the structuralist approach is employed. The surface and deep structure theory is the main clue; besides, the structuralist narratological methods are applied to analyze the cases in the novel and explore the surface structure and deep structure respectively. The concepts of surface and deep structure and the structuralist narratological methods were applied to analyze Pride and Prejudice to see how the plots act to serve for the theme.

The paper shows that the achievement of a novel is closely related to its complement of the structure. The clear hierarchies can effectively elaborate the story and the theme. To divide the plot into several parts can easily control and handle the development and interaction of the plots. The relative and oppositional relations of the different plots contribute to the demonstration of the theme and the comprehension of the readers.
The Metaphorical Expressions of Basic Color Words in English and Chinese
Authors: Li Tinghua
Published: February 2020

This study makes a comparison of color metaphors about the similarities and differences between English and Chinese for few articles study the metaphorical usage of shared basic color terms in Chinese and English. The author makes a relatively systematic study of the color metaphors, which has some significance in the light of the cross-cultural communication, language teaching, language learning, as well as translation practice.
Comparison of Hb Levels in Adolescent Girls With The Treatment of The Combination of Fe and Vitamins
Authors: Hastuty Yulina Dwi , Khodijah Dodoh , Humaira Wardati
Published: February 2020

Lower Hb level in anemia is one of the health problems that sometimes occur in adolescent girls compared to males characterized by menstruation cycle and miscocundcut of eating behaviors. Reduction of learing concentration a nd reduction of health and reduction of growth and body weight. The long effect of maternal death, lower body weight of newborn with lower body weight. This present study assesses the effectiveness of supplementation of iron, vitamin C and vitamin A for adolescent girls attending Senior High Schools in Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia. Sampling technique used stratified sampling method. In Indonesia, the prevalence of anemia is signidcantly high that achieve 57.1%. This study aims to increase Hb levels of anemic adolescent girls using the treatment of Fe, vitamin C and vitamin A.

The type of the study was experimental using randomized experimental control. The total samples were 140 respondents and samples were divided into three groups. Data were analyzed usingt-test and Anova.

Results of the study revealed that the treatment of Fe and vitamin A had higher mean Hb level compared to two other treatment groups.
Internet Financial Investment Product Selection with Pythagorean Fuzzy DNMA Method
Authors: Zhang Hongrun , Liao Huchang , Wu Xingli , Zavadskas Edmundas Kazimieras , Al-Barakati Abdullah
Published: February 2020

Abstract   The number of products based on internet financial platform has increased dramatically, but due to the lack of effective regulatory system and the information barrier of investors, product returns have been greatly discounted and investment risks have been greatly increased. How to select high-quality products in internet finance based on several indicators is an important multiple criteria decision making problem. In this regard, this study develops a Pythagorean fuzzy double normalization-based multiple aggregation (PF-DNMA) method to solve the problem of selecting internet financial products. Firstly, the key factors for evaluating internet financial products are identified. Observing that the Pythagorean fuzzy set is an effective tool to express evaluation information, we then extend the original multiple criteria decision making method named the double normalization-based multiple aggregation method to Pythagorean fuzzy environment. The PF-DNMA method is characterized by two normalization techniques and three aggregation tools, and thus is effective and robust in solving multiple criteria decision making problems. We deal with an internet financial investment problem by the PL-DNMA method and provide some comparative analyses with the Pythagorean fuzzy TOPSIS and VIKOR methods to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Information about article authors
Authors: Aušra Simanavičienė , Grušas Vytautas
Published: February 2020

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Customer Satisfaction & Loyalty and Organizational Complaint Handling: Economic Aspects of Business Operation of Airline Industry
Authors: Ahmed Rizwan Raheem , Vveinhardt Jolita , Warraich Usman Ali , Ul Hasan Syed Shabib , Baloch Akhter
Published: February 2020

The undertaken study examines economic aspects of business operations of the airline industry vis-à-vis organizational complaint handling and customer loyalty. For this purpose, we used a structured questionnaire to collect sample data of 200 respondents from university students and households of Pakistan who are the customers of the airline industry. We employed five independent variables, namely, response time, complaint resolution perfection, executives’ attitude, brand image and responsiveness to complaints. We used the descriptive analysis and SEM-based approaches; namely, confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis for estimation purposes. The findings of the undertaken study demonstrated that the resolution of complaints, timely response, and responsiveness to complaints had a significant and positive influence on  satisfaction of customers and loyalty of clients using international airline services, and this leads to the economic prospects of business operation in the airline industry. However, customer relationship, executives’ attitude and brand loyalty do not have significant influence on the customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Thus, it is concluded that the immediate response to customer complaint handling enhances the customer satisfaction and customer loyalty that increases the economic aspects of business operation in the airline industry.
External and Internal Factors of the Turkish Crisis in the Year 2001 Analysis Proposal
Authors: Konak Fatih , Turan Hakan
Published: February 2020

This research has attempted to demonstrate what were the real reasons whether internal or external factors, behind the Turkish financial crisis in 2001. The Turkey economy had been affected by some unfavourable external shocks such as, rise in crude oil prices which increased the current account deficit. However, external factors effects on the economy can be eliminated by right monetary policy. On the other hand, there were many internal factors behind the crisis such as fragile finance and banking system, ruling out dis-inflation negative effects and seasonal factors and so on. It could be advocated that these factors led the Turkish economy into uncertain situation because, when the last global financial crisis was occurred in 2008, although all unexpected external factors were soared, the Turkish economy was less affected, because the Turkish economy has been become more durable by solving the internal triggering factors.
Bioenterprise Media Strategy 2020
Authors: Gunn Moira A.
Published: February 2020

In 2012 and 2016, the first two strategic science-business media models were published (SBBMM 1.0 and 2.0). Since that time, there have been significant changes both to the media landscape and to the usage and capability of online and social media platforms. This paper seeks to describe the current bioindustry-relevant media landscape, to introduce a new media model, the Strategic Bioenterprise Media Model 2020 (SBMM 2020), which reflects this new landscape, and to present a mainstream submodel to support the latest opportunity for biotechnology media coverage: Mainstream Media. Examples are drawn from media coverage following the FDA approvals of Zulresso from Sage Therapeutics, Aimovig from Novartis and Amgen, and AquAdvantage salmon from AquAdvantage Technologies. The overall goal of this paper is to equip bioenterprise professionals with an understanding of media dynamics and the strategic potential it brings, ultimately contributing to bioenterprise success.
Primary lung cancer metastatic to the breast: case report of a patient in remission
Authors: Cacilhas Pedro Marchiori , Silva Kelly Mallmann , Wickert Monique , Azambuja Allan Arrieira
Published: February 2020

While lung carcinoma is the most common of the malignant tumors, primary lung tumors metastatic to the breast are rare and the prognosis is poor. We report a case of a Brazilian, 65- year-old, black, female patient with no family history of breast or lung cancer. During physical gynecological examination, she presented with a palpable nodule in the outer quadrant of the right breast. Based on X-ray, CT, PET-CT and immunohistochemistry investigation, a diagnosis of primary tumor metastatic lung to breast was made. The patient was referred for setorectomy and bi-lobectomy, combined with chemotherapy. She was in remission from November 2012 until December 2018. Given the poor prognosis related to the disease, the evolution presented is surprising.
Phenomenological Reproduction in Thompson and Mailer's New Journalism
Authors: Chambers Brendan
Published: February 2020

In this essay, I seek to interrogate the New Journalism of Hunter S. Thompson and Norman Mailer (exemplified in Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas [1971] and The Armies of the Night [1968] respectively) through the lens of David L. Eason’s concepts, “cultural phenomenology” and “the image-world.” In doing so, I delve deeply into questions of epistemological authority, examining the methods and success of each writer in his attempts to communicate experience to the reader, as well as the relevance of this endeavor to Thompson and Mailer’s historical moment. By placing these two writers in conversation, I hope to identify areas of con- and di-vergence in order to better understand the strengths and weaknesses of each writer’s approach. Through this method, New Journalism’s inner workings, which operate at the crossroads of phenomenology, journalism, and literature, come to the fore, illuminating the representational limits of the genre.
FINITE ELEMENTS ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURAL BEHAVIORU OF SPANISH FORTIFICATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES APPLYING OF THE ASCE 7-10 STANDAR AND SIMULATION OF IMPACTS AND EXPLOSIONS.
Authors: CABELLO DE ALBA LARA MANUEL , CASTILLEJO GONZALEZ ISABEL , DE PAULA MONTES FRANCISCO
Published: February 2020

The work of Spanish Military Engineers in the United States is a little-known and studied topic. However, throughout the seventeenth, eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, 37 Military Engineers at the service of Spain, designed all kinds of constructions and elaborated maps and plans in U.S.; covering these works from Florida to California. These engineers had a common education in fortifications. However, this will not prevent it from adapting to the characteristics of the different territories. The objective of this study is to analyze, by the calculation of finite elements, the defensive characteristic elements of these masonry walls fortifications and analyze the behavior against meteorological and geological risks through the application of United States regulation; ASCE 7-10 and ASCE 24-05. Specifically, we have conducted the study on the Castillo de San Marcos in Saint Augustine, Florida. The impact of projectiles on the walls was analyzed. The destructive risk against accidental explosions and the behavior of the gunpower rooms before explosions was also analyzed.

Keywords: Military Engineers, Finite Element Analysis, Fortifications, Gunpowder rooms, Castillo de San Marcos.
AN ENSEMBLE MODEL FOR STATISTICAL MONITORING OF PATTERNS IN BIVARIATE PROCESSES BASED ON MULTIPLE ARTIFICIAL NEURONAL NETWORKS
Authors: HERNANDEZ LOPEZ AIDEE , VAZQUEZ LOPEZ JOSE ANTONIO , LOPEZ JUAREZ ISMAEL , BAEZA SERRATO ROBERTO , GONZALEZ CALDERON JOSE AMIR
Published: February 2020

Multivariate control graphics detect signals out of control of the process. These signals are special patterns of joint variation, but they do not allow to determine what types of variation patterns take place in the individual variables. The referred problem has been treated through models of pattern recognition (PR) by Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). There are important advances in solving the problem to univariate cases, but not so in multivariate cases. There is no research which affirms that a single ANN can identify a multivariate out-of-control signal and recognize the special variation types of the variables individually. This research presents a model of PR of special variation in bivariate processes, and is based on an organized assembly of different types of ANN which are activated sequentially. With this work, it is possible to obtain a diagnosis of the bivariate process control that simultaneously recognizes the type of variation of the variables involved. This novel model provides the basis of new knowledge about statistical control of bivariate processes by PR through ANN. The model had two stages of training: experimental and industrial. The first one worked with data generated by Montecarlo simulation and the second one with data from a process that performs manufactured operations on metal bars used in the speed system in automobiles.

Keywords: Statistical quality control, Pattern recognition, Artificial neural networks, Perceptron, Backpropagation
ANALITICAL MODEL FOR DISTORTION PREDICTION IN MACHINED COMPONENTS
Authors: AURREKOETXEA MARIA , LOPEZ  DE LA CALLE MARCAIDE LUIS NORBERTO , ZELAIETA OIER , LLANOS  GONZALEZ DE DURANA INIGO
Published: February 2020

Machining of slender components in aluminum and titanium presents major difficulties in terms of geometry and dimensional requirements. During the machining of this type of components, non-conformances due to distortions are frequent due to the residual stresses in the bulks, together with the machining induced stresses on the surfaces. Currently it is common to find numerical models based on finite element software that can estimate the final distortion of the component after machining. These calculations are key when trying to adapt the machining process to obtain components free of distortions. Despite representing a move forward, these finite element models have limitations in their industrial applicability due to the long computational times and poor usability. The present work introduces an analytical simulation model of a machining process, similar to the Layer Removal method, for the distortion prediction of machined components. This analytical modeling tool considers the initial geometry of the component, the residual stress profile of the bulk and the machining induced surface stresses. Furthermore, to validate the analytical model a comparison with finite element numerical model is presented, in terms of accuracy, computational time and usability. The results obtained reflect important benefits in favor of the analytical simulation model here presented, showing its potential as an industrial tool to use when dealing with machining distortions.

Keywords: Machining Distortion, Analytical Modelling, FEM, Layer Removal, Aluminum, Titanium
FUTURE OF CAST IRON IN CAR INDUSTRY
Authors: FERNANDEZ DE AGUIRRE GUANTES IGNACIO
Published: February 2020

Promoted by the Centro de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas AZTERLAN, the 2nd Carl Loper Cast Iron Symposium was held in Bilbao on 30 September and 1 October 2019. We offer a review of the presentation that the specialists of the RENAULT Group, M. Albertalli and L. Vaissière, made with this title, on the repercussion that the technological evolution of the automobile can represent for the foundry industry.
WHY DEEP LEARNING PERFORMS BETTER THAN CLASSICAL MACHINE LEARNING?
Authors: PICON RUIZ ARTZAI , ALVAREZ GILA AITOR , IRUSTA UNAI , ECHAZARRA HUGUET JONE
Published: February 2020

During the last years, deep learning techniques have demonstrated their capability to outperform traditional machine learning methods in completing complex pattern recognition tasks. In this article we will try to explain the reasons behind this.
Should Environmental Law Learn from Animal Law? Compassion as a Guiding Principle for International Environmental Law Instead of Sustainable Development
Authors: Tremblay-Huet Sabrina
Published: February 2020

Environmental law and animal law share many common elements and goals, but also exhibit many fundamental differences. Generally, conversations about the two are primarily concerned with what animal law can learn from environmental law. However, if one accepts the argument that environmental law needs to be, at the very least, reformed in order to afford real protection to the environment, or even revolutionized, then perhaps environmental law can also learn from animal law. What would the main lesson be? I argue that a turn to compassion, rather than sustainable development, as a guiding principle for international environmental law and its related scholarly discourse could be one of the main contributions offered by animal law. To illustrate this argument, I first present ecofeminist animal theory’s critique of the environmental movement. I expose the problematic nature of the concept of “sustainable development”, from an ecofeminist standpoint. I then use ecofeminist animal theorist Deane Curtin’s compassionate practice framework to develop the idea that another guiding principle for international environmental law must be adopted, drawing also on other contributions from ecofeminist animal theorists. Finally, I demonstrate how a compassionate guiding principle is already present in different animal law instruments, using examples of existing international legal norms on animal welfare, and insisting on the theme of the recognition of non-human animals as relational individuals.
La différenciation : solution miracle pour l’Union européenne ?
Authors: Tournepiche Anne-Marie
Published: February 2020

Face aux multiples crises que connaît l’Union européenne depuis quelques années, une des pistes les plus souvent évoquées pour permettre à la construction européenne de continuer à avancer est d’aller vers une Europe différenciée, en permettant aux Etats membres de choisir des rythmes d’intégration différents. Si la différenciation n’est pas une nouveauté dans la construction européenne, ce qui est inédit c’est qu’elle n’est plus envisagée comme une solution de dernier recours, mais comme un choix assumé. Si cette option d’une Union européenne différenciée comporte des avantages certains, elle n’est pas pour autant dénuée de risques, tant sur le plan politique que juridique.
Le jeu vidéo et la notion de montage : se « couper » du cinématocentrisme1
Authors: Montembeault Hugo , Deslongchamps-Gagnon Maxime , Perron Bernard
Published: February 2020

Cet article s’intéresse aux relations de remédiation entre le cinéma et le jeu vidéo envisagées à travers le prisme du montage cinématographique et des termes utilisés pour le décriree. L’argumentation s’appuie sur une analyse du discours des productions épistémiques de deux communautés francophones spécialisées en jeu vidéo : les universitaires issus des études vidéoludiques et les journalistes principalement regroupés autour de trois revues françaises incontournables, soitTilt(1982-1994),Génération 4(1987-2004) etJoystick(1988-2012). S’ensuit une synthèse des analyses réalisées à partir d’un corpus composé de textes portant sur les ponts cinéma/jeu vidéo ou encore sur des jeux réputés pour leur réemploi des codes cinématographiques. La présentation de ce portrait est l’occasion de cerner plusieurs irrégularités sémantiques en ce qui concerne l’usage des notions « clés » liées aux théories du montage (coupe, plan, transition, raccord, angle de caméra, ralenti, cinématique, etc.). À la lumière de tels écarts de signification, la pertinence d’une lecture cinématocentriste des formes d’assemblage du jeu vidéo est remise en question en vertu d’un préjugé d’interprétation donnant préséance à l’aspect audiovisuel au détriment de la jouabilité.
Corporate Law Federalism in Historical Context: Comparing Canada and the United States
Authors: Hutchison Camden
Published: February 2020

Although American and Canadian corporate law share many similarities, they are also marked by important institutional differences. Among the most notable are the differing roles of federal versus state/provincial policymaking in the two countries: while American corporate law has been deeply influenced by jurisdictional competition among the states, Canadian law has instead been shaped by federal legislative activity, as seen today in the standardizing influence of the Canada Business Corporations Act. These different institutional histories have led to distinct evolutionary paths, with important substantive consequences for contemporary corporate law.

Despite considerable academic attention to the subject of corporate law federalism, these historical differences between Canada and the United States are not well understood. This article explains why jurisdictional competition arose in the United States but not Canada by examining the “Great Merger Movement” of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Specifically, this article makes three related arguments: (1) in the United States, the rise of jurisdictional competition was driven not by corporate governance issues, as is often assumed, but rather by the desire to avoid state and federal antitrust restrictions; (2) for a variety of reasons, cartelization and price fixing were more viable in Canada than the United States, delaying the onset of consolidative mergers; and (3) when the Canadian merger movement finally arrived, Canadian federal company law readily facilitated industrial consolidation, reducing the incentives for individual provinces to compete to attract company charters.

The different experiences of Canada and the United States reveal an intriguing historical irony—while Canadian corporate law is sometimes criticized as lacking in competitive responsiveness, the roots of this complacency are closely tied to the turn-of-the-century merger movement, in which Canadian law was less restrictive than its traditional American counterpart.
L’importation interprovinciale des boissons alcoolisées à des fins personnelles : R c. Comeau et la confirmation de règles de droit de la période de la prohibition
Authors: Bacon-Dussault Malaïka
Published: February 2020

Les premières restrictions quant au libre-échange en matière de commerce interprovincial des boissons alcoolisées ont lieu au moment de la prohibition : le Parlement canadien et les provinces mettent alors en place un système de réglementation du commerce des boissons alcoolisées pour protéger la paix publique. Or, dans la décision R c. Comeau, la Cour suprême du Canada confirme des règles de droit datant de plus d’un siècle : l’objectif de la Loi sur la réglementation des alcools du Nouveau-Brunswick n’est pas de restreindre le commerce interprovincial, mais bien de réglementer la gestion de l’alcool dans la province. Dans ce commentaire d’arrêt, l’auteure cherche à exposer le lecteur au contexte historique de la réglementation du commerce interprovincial de l’alcool à des fins personnelles en abordant deux éléments. D’abord, il sera question du partage des compétences entre le Parlement canadien et les législatures provinciales en matière de réglementation du commerce interprovincial des boissons alcoolisées à des fins personnelles, le tout avec un accent particulier sur les lois néo-brunswickoises. Ensuite, l’auteure traitera de l’interprétation judiciaire de l’article 121 de la Loi constitutionnelle de 1867 et de son applicabilité en ce qui concerne le commerce interprovincial des boissons alcoolisées.
¿Por qué lo llaman crisis cuando quieren decir riesgo?
Authors: Lalueza Ferran
Published: February 2020

La comunicación de crisis es muy llamativa porque se activa en situaciones que ponen a las organizaciones bajo los focos del escrutinio público. Su hermana menor –la comunicación de riesgo– es más discreta, pero enormemente poderosa. Si se usa con acierto, puede evitar que estalle la crisis, pero también puede convertirse en su detonante si se neglige. Así lo evidencia la cancelación forzada del Mobile World Congress 2020 a raíz de la epidemia de coronavirus.
Correcting nuisance variation using Wasserstein distance
Authors: Tabak Gil , Fan Minjie , Yang Samuel , Hoyer Stephan , Davis Geoffrey
Published: February 2020

Profiling cellular phenotypes from microscopic imaging can provide meaningful biological information resulting from various factors affecting the cells. One motivating application is drug development: morphological cell features can be captured from images, from which similarities between different drug compounds applied at different doses can be quantified. The general approach is to find a function mapping the images to an embedding space of manageable dimensionality whose geometry captures relevant features of the input images. An important known issue for such methods is separating relevant biological signal from nuisance variation. For example, the embedding vectors tend to be more correlated for cells that were cultured and imaged during the same week than for those from different weeks, despite having identical drug compounds applied in both cases. In this case, the particular batch in which a set of experiments were conducted constitutes the domain of the data; an ideal set of image embeddings should contain only the relevant biological information (e.g., drug effects). We develop a general framework for adjusting the image embeddings in order to “forget” domain-specific information while preserving relevant biological information. To achieve this, we minimize a loss function based on distances between marginal distributions (such as the Wasserstein distance) of embeddings across domains for each replicated treatment. For the dataset we present results with, the only replicated treatment happens to be the negative control treatment, for which we do not expect any treatment-induced cell morphology changes. We find that for our transformed embeddings (i) the underlying geometric structure is not only preserved but the embeddings also carry improved biological signal; and (ii) less domain-specific information is present.
Perifiton Community Structure in Citarik River
Authors: Herawati Heti , Fitri Nisa Hidayati , . Zahidah , Sahidin Asep , Apriliani Izza Mahdiana , Dewanti Lantun Paradhita
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this research is to determine the condition of waters in the Citarik River with the periphyton community as a bio indicator. This research was conducted from March-April 2019. The research method used was a survey method at 4 station points, five times sampling with a span of 7 days. The smallest periphyton abundance is in station IV which is 22 ind/cm2 and the most is in station I which is 18278 ind/cm2. Comparison of species deficit values at each station is different, this is influenced by different physical and chemical parameters. The dominance index value in the waters of the Citarik River ranges from 0.1 to 0.8 and the diversity index value ranges from 0.2 to 0.9. The results showed the Citarik River was in a mildly polluted condition.
Growth and Leaf Chlorophyll Content of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden are Adversely Affected by Simulated Acid Rain
Authors: Buma Langmi Fabrice , Ambebe Titus Fondo , Fogwe Zephania Nji
Published: February 2020

The study assessed the effects of different pH values of simulated acid rain on growth and leaf chlorophyll content of Eucalyptus grandis.

The treatments comprised of two simulated acid rain solutions of pH 4.0 and 3.5, and unacidified water at pH 6.5.

Place and Duration of Study was the National Forestry Development Agency, Humid Savannah Zone, Bamenda I Sub-Division, North West Region, Cameroon, between June and September 2019, respectively.

The experiment was conducted under field conditions. Thirty 3-month-old seedlings were exposed to each pH level at 7-day intervals using a spray bottle. While two sets of thirty seedlings were administered sulphuric acid calibrated tap water with pH values of 4.0 and 3.5, the third set that constituted the control was sprayed with normal tap water. Data were collected on morphology, biomass, and leaf chlorophyll content at the end of the study and subjected to analysis of variance and Scheffé’s test.

Results: The pH 3.5 treatment resulted in significantly lower responses of height (12.95 cm), number of leaves (15.28), leaf area (23.96 cm2) and total biomass (0.61 g) than the other two pH levels that did not differ for any of the traits. Average values between pH 4.0 and control were 20.39 cm, 22.00, 45.66 cm2 and 1.77 g. Stem diameter and root collar diameter declined from 2.87 mm and 4.14 mm at the control to 2.54 mm and 3.78 mm at pH 3.5, respectively. Leaves at pH 3.5 showed signs of necrosis, drying and curling. Leaf chlorophyll content was significantly greater in the control (45.30 SPAD units) than in the pH 4.0 (40.01 SPAD units) and pH 3.5 (39.82 SPAD units) treatments that displayed similar responses.

Conclusion: The study reveals that simulated acid rain at pH 3.5 can have a harmful effect on chlorophyll content and growth of Eucalyptus grandis.
Appropriating BANA Teaching Approaches to Suit TESEP Contexts: A Case Study in a Saudi University
Authors: Grami Grami Mohammad A. , Alshenqeeti Hamza , Alsamdani Hadi
Published: February 2020

This article briefly looks at the practice of appropriating Western teaching methodologies into the Arab world. It accounts for recent and historical attempts to do so and evaluates the success or otherwise of such practice. The paper adopts Adrian Holliday's (1994) distinction between British, Australian and North American (BANA) context and Tertiary, Secondary, and Primary English language education (TESEP) where the context of the current study fits. The paper argues that appropriating Western methodologies risks alienating the culture from which these teaching approaches come. Since one reason for learning a language is to become familiar with its  culture, one may question the need for adapting its teaching methodologies by simply separating it from its cultural values in the first place. The question is that shall one protect his or her cultural identity by dismissing the cultures of other dominant languages? This is a conundrum that cannot be easily saved but one that needs looking at nonetheless. The paper looks at a widely used series of textbooks in a TESEP context and attempts to see if adapting  ow local contexts can shape BANA methodologies.
OPTIMIZING SHADING DEVICES THROUGH THE SHADING EFFECT OF SURROUNDING BUILDINGS
Authors: Adi Alifiano Rezka , Suryabrata Jatmika Adi , Pradipto Eugenius
Published: February 2020

This study focuses on measuring the shading effect of surrounding buildings on the thermal performance of office buildings in Jakarta. It is compared with the shading effect of shading devices to optimize its use. This study uses EnergyPlus program to simulate a hypothetical 3x3block. The results showed that the H/W ratio has greater influence on building thermal performance than the surrounding building envelopes. With H/W ratio 2,7, the shading effect of surrounding buildings will be equivalent to 1,2m shading with an effective shadow angle of more than 360. For example, in a 10 floor building, the use of 1,2m shading is not required until the 8th floor based on the shadow angle in H/W ratio 2,7. At a smaller angle, the shading effect of surrounding buildings will be equal to the shading effect of shading devices with a width of less than 1,2m.
PROTECTING BAMBOO COLUMN FROM HUMIDITY WITH POROUS PEDESTAL FOUNDATION
Authors: Pradipto Eugenius , Marcillia Syam Rachma , Afif Nabila , Hamastuti Swari Dewanti , Annisa Natasha Nurul
Published: February 2020

Bamboo has been used for a long time as a material for simple to complex structures. Many advantages of bamboo as a building material makes it suitable for buildings in disaster-prone areas. Bamboo is however prone to humidity, which could cause fungi and moss to emerge and endanger the building structure. Pedestal foundation made of concrete or stone is often used to reduce this risk as for its action as a barrier of direct contact between soil and bamboo. Nevertheless, water from damp soil or rainwater can still penetrate the foundation by capillary transmission through the foundation’s pores. This research proposed a hollow pedestal foundation model with larger pores and compared its ability to reduce moisture on bamboo columns to an ordinary pedestal foundation. The case study is a temporary post-disaster housing project of 13 houses in Muntilan, Central Java, Indonesia, which was built on an active rice field. Visual examination showed that after 5 years of occupancy, bamboo houses built on hollow pedestal foundations still firmly stood without apparent attacks of fungi or overgrowing mold, whereas the moisture measurement showed that the usage of hollow pedestal foundation could reduce the humidity level in the bamboo column almost twice as fast compared to solid pedestal foundation.
Early medieval settlement and ironworking in Dornoch, Sutherland excavations at The Meadows Business Park
Authors: Coleman Russel , Photos-Jones Effie , Chenery Simon , Cox Adrian , Hall Derek , Haistie Mhairi , Smith Catherine
Published: February 2020

Monitoring and excavation during the development of a new business park in Dornoch in 1997 revealed numerous features including a building, ditched enclosures and several hearths, all sealed beneath an artefact-rich cultivation soil. Radiocarbon dates obtained place the main period of activity here in the late 1st millennium ad. The evidence recovered also suggests a tradition of ironworking here from the early medieval period continuing through into the medieval period. A small assemblage of finds was recovered from the excavation, including quantities of iron slag, bog iron ore, fragments from a clay-lined furnace, whale bone, a bone counter and a bone pin beater. This paper reports on the results of the work and includes an extended section on the analysis of the iron making and working evidence.The post-excavation analysis and reporting of the results was funded by Historic Scotland.
Reaching Across Worlds: Kanohi ki te Kanohi. A conversation between Anna Hinehou Fleming and John O’Connor
Authors: Fleming Anna , O'Connor John
Published: February 2020

Anna Fleming has written and presented in diverse contexts on an Indigenous Māori perspective regarding attachment. In particular she has articulated Indigenous Māori perspectives which have always emphasised the vital significance of connections to cultural and collective concepts such as whānau, whenua, and wairua. In this conversation with John O’Connor Anna explores and develops these ideas, and their crucial importance to the well-being, perhaps of us all, and in particular, for Indigenous Māori in Aotearoa New Zealand.
The Politics of Toheroa Soup: A Pūkōrero About Whānau and Me
Authors: Pewhairangi Trego-Hall Tiana , Te Awhitu Lucy , Mikahere-Hall Alayne
Published: February 2020

The politics of toheroa soup is a pūkōrero (story) about the slow depletion of the toheroa, the Foreshore Resource Management act and the impacts on one west coast Northland Māori whānau. Toheroa was a main and staple food source for my whānau (family) from the time our tūpuna (ancestors) migrated to Aotearoa. I say “was” because we are no longer allowed to collect the giant surf clam without permits to do so. This paper discusses how whānau and cultural identity is shaped by the toheroa, the moana, the whenua and the legislation that influences how tamariki and rangatahi Māori experiences unfold within their whānau and hapū. To highlight these connections, I present whānau pūkōrero with the inclusion of discussion points. This paper makes a small contribution towards the special volume of Ata celebrating ten years of Waka Oranga: National Collective of Māori Psychotherapy Practitioners (NCMPP).