bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’éducation au patrimoine à l’école primaire : une éducation citoyenne ?
Authors: Blanc-Maximin Sylviane
Published: June 2021

Cet article s’intéresse aux liens possibles entre l’éducation au patrimoine et l’éducation à la citoyenneté à l’école primaire française quand des élèves de neuf à douze ans patrimonialisent des objets ou des éléments immatériels présents dans leurs villages. L’étude du dispositif pédagogique, le suivi de son déroulement réel lors de débats en classe et lors d’une exposition collective ainsi que l’administration d’un questionnaire aux 90 élèves montrent que ce type d’éducation au patrimoine participe de l’acquisition de compétences sociales, politiques et culturelles du « vivre ensemble ».
La législation en faveur de l’enseignement des Langues et Cultures Nationales au Cameroun : mesure d’audience dans l’Adamaoua et implications glottopolitiques
Authors: Samari Gilbert Daouaga
Published: June 2021

Depuis la révision de la Constitution en 1996, le Cameroun s’est engagé à protéger et à promouvoir les Langues et Cultures Nationales (LCN). Les années qui ont suivi ont vu des textes officiels soutenant l’enseignement de celles-ci. Cette nouvelle politique linguistique éducative vient rompre avec celle qui a été mise en œuvre pendant la période coloniale et qui a continué, même après l’indépendance. Cet article entend exposer un facteur qui, paraissant anodin de prime abord, pourrait pourtant gêner l’expérimentation, en cours, de l’enseignement des LCN. En prenant appui sur une enquête menée auprès des acteurs de l’éducation de base de l’Adamaoua, cette réflexion soutient que les textes officiels, qui fondent la légitimité même de cet enseignement, ne sont pas assez connus de la communauté éducative locale, ce qui, du point de vue glottopolitique, a des effets inhibants.
L’impact des industries culturelles et créatives sur la richesse des régions européennes
Authors: Barois Brice , Dimou Michel , Schaffar Alexandra
Published: June 2021

En utilisant des données régionales d’Eurostat sur la période 2006-2013 et en mobilisant un modèle empirique et un panel d’outils économétriques, cet article propose d’étudier l’impact direct et indirect des industries culturelles et créatives sur la richesse des régions européennes. Bien que de nombreux travaux existent dans ce domaine, il n’y a pas, à notre connaissance, d’étude qui propose une analyse économétrique du rôle de ces industries dans la richesse économique des 226 régions européennes. Ce travail montre que l’emploi dans les industries culturelles et créatives n’est guère impacté par la crise économique de 2008. Il montre également que ces industries captent en partie l’effet capital humain régional. Il montre enfin que lorsque l’on tient compte des effets d’autocorrélation spatiale, l’impact de ces industries sur la richesse des régions européennes est plus contrasté et peut, dans certains cas, creuser les disparités.Classification JEL : O18, O34, L86.
The Limits of Money in Daily Ridesharing: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Rural France
Authors: Zhu Dianzhuo
Published: June 2021

Ridesharing, as part of the sharing economy, is a rapidly growing sector and has the potential to solve major environmental and societal challenges related to daily transportation. The main obstacle in expanding ridesharing is motivating drivers and passengers to participate. We conducted a field experiment, in collaboration with a French ridesharing provider, to investigate whether extrinsic monetary incentives have motivation crowding effects for drivers in a real time ridesharing service. For each passenger rideshare request, we randomly assigned 3 euros or 7 euros as the compensation amount to drivers. This amount was shown simultaneously with the ridesharing request, so when the drivers saw the rideshare requests whilst driving, they could decide in real time whether or not to stop to pick up the passengers. After the trip has been completed, the drivers could choose to redeem their gains, and if they did so, we would invite them to a dictator game in which they were able to split their gains between themselves and a charity. The results from 128 rideshares during the northern summer 2017 show that the drivers’ redemption and money split decisions are similar for the 3 euros and 7 euros groups, indicating that there are similar motivation profiles in both groups. Thus, increasing the monetary incentive levels has neither crowding-out nor crowding-in effects. Our results offer crucial policy insights to ridesharing providers. Instead of solely deploying monetary incentives to increase user participation, they could be better served, without having to resort to increased budget outlays, by considering non-monetary incentives which trigger the intrinsic pro-social motivations of the users of a rural ridesharing service.JEL classification: C93, D91, R41.
Experience of Intimate Partner Violence of Women at Reproductive Age Group in India and their Decision-Making Power
Authors: Kabir Russell , Harish Harshini , Alradie-Mohamed Angi , Afework Solomon , Mohammadnezhad Masoud , Yasir Arafat SM
Published: June 2021

Introduction:

Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women is a global public health issue, and at least 30% of women have exposed to some form of IPV in their lifetime. It was aimed to examine the association between IPV and women's decision-making power in India from the data provided by the National Family Health Survey-4 (NFHS-4) 2015–2016.

Materials and Methods:

This was a descriptive cross-sectional study where data were collected from the NFHS-4 2015–2016 of India. A total of 670,615 women aged between 15 to 49 years completed the interviews (196,987 women participated from urban areas and 470,578 women from rural areas and 3050 women were from slums). Data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 24.

Results:

The mean age of the respondents was 29.83 (±9.76) years, 35.4% of women belong to 15–24 years of age category, 70.7% of respondents are from the rural area, 28% of women have no education, only 23.4% of women were employed and about 45.9% of women are using mobile phones. The findings show that place of residence, educational status, employment status, possession of mobile phones, age, knowledge of loans programme and husband/partner age, husband/partner educational level and consumption of alcohol are significantly associated with decision making power of women (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

The abused women might attempt to respond to the abuse by trying to control other aspects of her life and making decisions alone without their spouse. This research indicated important factors responsible for decision-making amongst the reproductive women in India.
A New Era in Molecular Biology Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/Cas9 Technology
Authors: Nalla Yashika , Shah Sejal
Published: June 2021

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) are repeated patterns observed in bacterial DNA based on the natural defence mechanism of bacteria against any viral infection and plasmids. Targeted gene editing with the aid transcription activator-like effector nucleases and zinc-finger nucleases restricts its wide spared application due to convoluted protein structure designing. A CRISPR locus is organised of interspersed spacer and repeat sequences. Spacers are unique sequences originating from viral or plasmid DNA. CRISPR works in three phases (1) acquisition, (2) biogenesis and (3) targeting. Acquisition or adaptation involves the selection of foreign invading DNA (Protospacer). Biogenesis or expression and maturation integrate Protospacer into CRISPR loci transcribed and matured into crRNAs. During the targeting phase, crRNA forms a complex with cas9. There are three main classes of the CRISPR/cas9 system, i.e., type I, type II and type III, that have been discovered till date. All the data have been amalgamated through the following search engines such as PUBMED, Google Scholar and Medweb using keywords such as CRISPR/cas9 gene editing. The meta-analysis for the current study has been carried out by doing a systemic review starting from 2010 to 2017. CRISPR is currently the most adaptable and precise method employed for gene manipulation. Especially for the screening of mutant which increases in potency of T-cell cancer therapy, treatment for monogenic diseases, gene editing in embryos, zoonotic diseases such as malaria, eradication of HIV-1 genomes from T-cells can be possible. It can be used to understand how different genes influence disorders in the variety of animal systems. The natural bacterial protection mechanism is employed for gene editing due to expeditious scientific evolution and can be further availed for the treatment of various monogenic disorders. Embryo manipulation can be a divergent advancement in future, but due to social and ethical issues, this technique is to a halt.
Evaluation of surface roughness and push-out bond strength of glass fiber post with and without surface pretreatments
Authors: Subramani Rathna Piriyanga , Meenakshisundaram Rajasekaran , Ramachandran Anilkumar , Savarimalai Karumaran Chellaswamy
Published: June 2021

Objective:

The aim is to evaluate and compare the surface roughness and push-out bond strength of glass fiber post with and without surface pretreatments using scanning electron microscopy.

Materials and Method:

A total of 40 extracted human maxillary central incisors selected were decoronated at 15 mm coronally from the root apex. The teeth were subjected to root canal treatment and the postspace preparation was done with Peeso reamers size 1, 2, and 3, leaving a minimum 4 mm apical seal and created a standard postspace of 10 mm. Forty glass fiber posts (Easy Post, Dentsply) were divided into four groups based on surface treatment of the post with 10 in each. Group I: Without Pretreatment (Control Group) (10 Nos), Group II: 9.6% hydrofluoric acid (10 Nos), Group III: Sandblasting with 110 μm aluminum oxide particles (10 Nos), and Group IV: erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er: YAG) Laser (10 Nos). The surface roughness analysis with and without pretreatment was performed under Scanning Electron Microscope and measured in Mountains map premium 7.4 software. The posts were luted with Self-adhesive resin cement (RelyX U200) and light cured for 40s. Push-out bond strength was evaluated using the universal testing machine; the values were recorded, tabulated, and statistically analyzed.

Results:

The push-out bond strength of the post is significantly increased when the postsurface is treated with 9.6% hydrofluoric acid at all three levels.

Conclusions:

Acid etching of post with 9.6% hydrofluoric acid increased push-out bond strength significantly without changing the structural integrity of the post whereas Er:YAG can be used as alternative to sandblasting.
Hypersensitivity reaction to orange oil gutta-percha solvent in dental office
Authors: Makkar Sameer , Mushtaq Uzma , Kaur Tamanpreet , Sharma Mehak , Mushtaq Farheen , Thakur Divyangana
Published: June 2021

Root canal treatment is often required when primary endodontic treatment has failed. In order to remove the root canal filling material, chemical solvents are used to solubilize the gutta-percha. Despite many advantages, these solvents can lead to mishaps when not used cautiously. The purpose of this article is to present a case report of angioedema caused due to periapical seepage of orange oil and also highlighting the preventive measures and management of such accidents in dental office.
A comparative evaluation of canal transportation, centering ability, and volumetric increase in the curved canals using thermally treated three nickel-titanium rotary files
Authors: Singla Meenu G , Kumar Hemanshi , Singh Neha
Published: June 2021

Aims:

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare canal transportation (CT), centering ability (CA), and volumetric changes in the curved canals prepared using Hyflex Electrical Discharge Machining (HEDM), ProTaper Gold (PG), and NeoEndo Flex rotary file systems through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Method:

Sixty mesiobuccal canals of maxillary molars were selected. Pre- and postinstrumentation CBCT scans were taken in the same position. CT and CA were calculated at 1 mm, 4 mm, and 7 mm from the apex; change in volume for the whole canal was measured and analyzed statistically.

Results:

The results showed that mean CT of HEDM and NeoEndo was less than PG at all levels, with significant differences at 4 mm and 7 mm. Regarding CA, no significant differences were found among the file systems. PG showed maximum volumetric increase with no statistically significant differences between the groups.

Conclusion:

All the experimental file systems respected the canal anatomy, although in the middle third, PG showed significantly more CT than HEDM and NeoEndo, whereas in the coronal third, PG showed significantly greater CT than NeoEndo. Regarding CA, no significant differences were found among the file systems. PG showed maximum volume of dentin removal.
Bone regeneration associated with low-level laser therapy in implantology
Authors: Teixeira Karina I R , Mendonca José A , Rosa Marcio B , Huebner Rudolf , Cortés Maria E , Ferreira Marcus V L
Published: June 2021

Several therapies for tissue regeneration in implantology have been explored for their ability to enhance bone regeneration such as low-level laser therapy (LLLT), also known as photobiomodulation. This technique has been shown to reduce inflammation and edema, induce analgesia, and promote healing in a range of musculoskeletal pathologies with cost-effective for healing therapy. The endothelial progenitor and hematopoietic stem cells, together with LLLT improving their capacity to induce angiogenesis, recruit other cells to a site of injury and secrete growth factors and cytokines that have a paracrine effect on surrounding cells. A critical review and comprehensively analyze of tissue regeneration associated to newer regenerative techniques as LLLT, platelet derivatives and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) at preimplant sites was released. An electronic search in PubMed via Medline and Embase was conducted of publications from the previous 10 years. English language articles related to the subject were found using selected keywords. We summarize the photobiomodulation properties and its relation with platelet derivatives and MSCs and discuss the efficacy of these therapies for tissue repair. The LLLT is well-documented therapy but further research studies relating LLLT to tissue regeneration in periodontics and implantology are needed.
An underworld tailored to tourists: A dragon, a photo-model, and a bio-indicator
Authors: Lucic ivo
Published: June 2021

The history of studies of a subterranean tailed amphibian, known as the olm or proteus (Proteus anguinus), is a colorful indicator of the changing view of the world beneath our feet. Throughout history, the underground has been presented as other worldly inhabited by life not of this world. At first, caves were the habitat of ghosts and spirtits, and then as a symbol for hell with all its attributes. The olm, in light of this prominant worldview, is discussed here, in which its status changed from that of a mythical dragon, to a photo-model, to a biological indicator of environmental health. The mix of these roles, with which the modern notion of this animal is presented, is mostly generated by the experience of tourguides in Postojna Cave in Slovenia. For a long time, Postojna was the only place that the wider public recognized as a home for proteus. This clearly shows the need to analyze the popular media constructions of environment.
Identification of fungi from soil and sediment in Jefriz Cave; the first survey in a cave from Iran
Authors: Habibi Azadeh , Safaiefarahani Banafsheh
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study was to characterize the mycobiota in soil and sediment samples of Jefriz cave in Kerman, Iran. During 2018−2019, the culturable mycobiota from several sites within the Jefriz cave, resulted in 82 fungal isolates. Morphological characteristics of the isolates, as well as molecular sequence data, were used for species identifications. The fungi were identified as species of Fusarium, Fusicolla, Geomyces (Pseudogymnoascus), Humicola, Chalastospora, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Epiciccum, Podospora and Mucor. The most prevalent was Aspergillus spelunceus, followed by Geomyces pannorum and Humicola grisea. The majority of these species have been reported as cave residents in previous studies of cave environments. Our data showed that the fungal community composition varied between the samples from the entrance and less visited sites deeper in the cave. This study is the first cave mycological investigation in Iran, and one of the identified species is reported for the first time from a cave.
Diagnosing and treating rare lesions in a low resource setting: lessons from a hybrid epithelioid trophoblastic tumor and choriocarcinoma
Authors: Akakpo Patrick K , Ulzen-Appiah Kofi , Agbeno Evans , Derkyi-Kwarteng Leonard
Published: June 2021

Objective: To raise awareness of the existence of a rare type of malignant trophoblastic tumor and discuss the diagnostic challenges and management of this lesion in a low resource setting.Case report and intervention: A 35 -year -old G6P3 woman was referred to our facility on account of persistent vaginal bleeding due to a suspected incomplete miscarriage with a cervical mass. Her serum β-HCG was elevated (36,900 mIU/ml) and examination showed a bleeding cervical mass. An initial histopathological diagnosis of moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was reviewed to epithelioid trophoblastic tumor resulting in an extra-fascial hysterectomy. A final histopathological diagnosis of hybrid Epithelioid Trophoblastic Tumor and Choriocarcinoma (ETT/CC) was made after external review and immunohistochemistry. She received subsequent chemotherapy.Conclusion: Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor and its hybrids are difficult to diagnose. They may be diagnosed as moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma especially in low resource settings where cervical squamous cell carcinoma is relatively more common. A high index of suspicion, a serum β HCG test and close collaborationbetween clinicians and pathologists can help make the diagnosis.Funding: NoneKeywords: Epithelioid trophoblastic tumour, choriocarcinoma, diagnostic challenges, low resource setting
Occurrence of hypocortisolism in HIV patients: Is the picture changing?
Authors: Akase Iorhen E. , Habib Abdurazaq G. , Bakari Adamu G. , Muhammad Hamza , Gezawa Ibrahim , Nashabaru Ibrahim , Iliyasu Garba , Mohammed Abdullahi A.
Published: June 2021

Background: The occurrence of endocrine diseases in people who are infected with HIV is traditionally thought to occur in the setting of AIDS with opportunistic infections and malignancies. However, recent studies find the correlation between hypocortisolism and stage of HIV (CD4 count and WHO clinical stage) inconsistent.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included three hundred and fifty (350) consecutive patients with HIV infection. They were interviewed, and subsequently underwent laboratory evaluation for the detection of hypocortisolism. Blood samples for serum cortisol estimation were taken at baseline and at 30 minutes following the administration of 1μg of tetracosactrin (Synacthen). In addition, the patients had blood samples taken at 0 minutes (baseline) for CD4+ lymphocyte cell counts.Results: At baseline, 108 (30.9%) participants had serum cortisol levels below 100 μg/L with a median value of 55.48 μg/L (11.36-99.96 μg/L), but only 57 (16.3%) study participants had stimulated serum cortisol levels below 180 μg/L with median of 118 μg/L (19.43-179.62). There was no significant difference in the occurrence of clinical features between participants with low and normal serum cortisol, nor WHO clinical stage, CD4 count and ART regimen. The occurrence of hypocortisolism was higher among participants who had been on ART for a longer period of time.Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of hypocortisolism among HIV patients by biochemical testing, especially those who have been on ARVs for a longer duration. Hypocortisolism cannot be predicted based on the participants’ WHO clinical stage of disease, CD4 cell count, or the treatment regimen.  Funding: Personal FundsKeywords: HIV, Adrenocortical insufficiency, CD4 cell count, Tetracosactrin
Petrophysical evaluation of reservoir sand bodies in Kwe Field Onshore Eastern Niger Delta
Authors: Asubiojo T.M. , Okunuwadje S.E.
Published: June 2021

Reservoir sand bodies in Kwe Field, coastal swamp depobelt, onshore eastern Niger Delta Basin were evaluated from a composite log suite comprising gamma ray, resistivity, density and neutron logs of five (5) wells with core photographs of one (1) reservoir of one well. The aim of the study was to evaluate the petrophysical properties of the reservoirs while the objectives were to identify the depositional environment and predict the reservoir system quality and performance. The study identified three reservoir sand bodies in the field on the basis of their petrophysical properties and architecture. Reservoir A has an average NTG (61.4 %), Ø (27.50 %), K (203.99 md), Sw (31.9 %) and Sh (68.1 %); Reservoir B has an average NTG (65.6 %), Ø (26.0 %), K (95.90 md), Sw (28.87 %) and Sh (71.13 %) while Reservoir C has an average NTG (70.4 %), Ø (26.1 %), K (91.4 md), Sw (25.0 %) and Sh (75.03 %) and therefore show that the field has good quality sandstone reservoirs saturated in hydrocarbon. However, the presence of marine shales (or mudstones) interbedding with these sandstones may likely form permeability baffles to vertical flow and compartmentalize the reservoirs. These reservoirs may therefore have different flow units. Integrating wireline logs and core data, the reservoir sand bodies were interpreted as deposited in an estuarineshoreface setting thus indicating that the Kwe Field lies within the marginal marine mega depositional environment.Keywords: Estuarine, Shoreface, Reservoir, Sand, Kwe, field
Socio-economic characteristics of registered cocoa farmers in Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Osarenren C.O. , Ejuetueyin J.O. , Eweka K.I.
Published: June 2021

This study examined the socio-economic characteristics of registered cocoa farmers in Edo State; Nigeria. Primary data was collected using a well structured questionnaire administered to 180 registered cocoa farmers selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and budgetary technique. Results showed that 88.9% of cocoa farmers were male with a mean range of 46 years with 75% being married and 88.8% having formal education. The budgetary technique was used to determine the profitability of cocoa production, which was found to be profitable in the study area at a gross margin of N66, 350, Net Farm Income of N59, 200, and net return on investment of N 1.11.The Benefit Cost Ratio and Expense Structure Ratio of 2.11 and 0.12 respectively indicated that cocoa production was economically profitable and viable since the BCR is greater than 1 and the Gross Ratio (GR) of cocoa production is 0.47. From these profitability ratios, it shows that cocoa production is a profitable business in the study area. Inadequate finance to operate on large scale was found to be the major constraint to the cocoa farmers in the study area. The study concludes that cocoa production is profitable and was recommended that production could be improved and sustained through provision of soft loans to the farmers.Keywords: socio-economics, characteristics, registered cocoa farmers
Krakowscy wytwórcy i sprzedawcy pieczęci w pierwszej połowie XX w. Wprowadzenie do zagadnienia
Authors: Bauman Szymon
Published: June 2021

Ze względu na rozrost form kancelaryjnych w XIX i XX w. działalność wytwórców i grawerów pieczęci zaczęła się dynamicznie rozwijać. O wzmożonej aktywności krakowskich pieczętarzy świadczą np. ogłoszenia prasowe, w których odnaleźć można szeroką ofertę tych przedsiębiorstw. Rozwój technologiczny oraz zachodzące zmiany ekonomiczne i gospodarcze wywarły wpływ także na zakłady grawerskie. Upowszechniła się mechanizacja, do produkcji pieczęci zaczęto wprowadzać gumę, której wykorzystanie pozwoliło na szybszą realizację większej liczby zamówień. W omówionym okresie prosperowało kilkudziesięciu wytwórców i sprzedawców pieczęci w Krakowie. Wymienione w artykule firmy i rzemieślnicy nie mogą stanowić pełnego ich wykazu, nie prowadzono bowiem systematycznej rejestracji dla tego rodzaju rzemieślniczej i handlowej działalności. Z powodu braku materiału źródłowego trudno było ustalić daty otwarcia i zamknięcia niektórych warsztatów, co dotyczy także danych o zmianie lokalizacji i profilu firm. Niemniej uznano, że trzeba zaprezentować dotąd nieprzebadany element życia mieszkańców Krakowa i zainicjować badania nad niezauważaną działalnością lokalnych rękodzielników. An introduction to Krakow’s seal makers and dealers in the first half of the 20th century Due to the development of chancery forms in the 19th and 20th centuries, the activity of seal makers and engravers began to develop dynamically. The increased activity of Krakow’s seal makers and dealers is confirmed by, among others, press advertisements in which we can find a wide ranging offer of such enterprises. Technological development and ongoing economic and agricultural changes also had an impact on engraving firms. Mechanization became widespread, with rubber also being introduced into the production of seals, which enabled the faster delivery of more orders. In the discussed period, tens of seal makers and dealers operated in Krakow. The companies and craftsmen mentioned in the article do not constitute a whole, because there was no separate registration for them. Because of the lack of source material, it was difficult to find the dates on which some workshops were established or closed down. This also applies to the dates of company location and profile changes. We believe, however, that this previously unexamined element of everyday life of Krakow’s residents should be presented and research into the unnoticed activities of local craft workers should be initiated.
Jana Miłoszewskiego dobytek doczesny. Inwentarz pośmiertny małopolskiego szlachcica z 1725 r.
Authors: Danowska Ewa
Published: June 2021

Poza testamentem, który pozostawiał zmarły, należało sporządzić inwentarz pośmiertny jego dóbr, aby uregulować w szczegółach podział spadku. Był to dokument o mocy prawnej, jego wykonanie ściśle określało prawo dotyczące danej warstwy społecznej, a obszerność zależała od stanu majątkowego zmarłego, ale też krupulatności spisujących jego mienie. Opublikowany inwentarz Jana Miłoszewskiego, skarbnika ciechanowskiego, komornika granicznego powiatu krakowskiego, zmarłego w 1725 r., został oblatowany w aktach grodzkich krakowskich. Obrazuje pozostawione mienie małopolskiego szlachcica świadczące o stanie posiadania, m.in. sprzętów i różnego rodzaju broni, niezbędnych w życiu człowieka o jego statusie społecznym, a także przedmiotów związanych z gospodarstwem i życiem domowym. Warto zwrócić uwagę na obszerną bibliotekę, zapewne w dużej części odziedziczoną po przodkach rodziny, ale też przydatną dla pełnienia funkcji społecznych. Ze stanu posiadania opisanego w inwentarzu wywnioskować można, że był to majątek noszący znamiona dóbr gromadzonych przez pokolenia tej rodziny. Chociaż niewiele informacji zachowało się o J. Miłoszewskim, to szereg jego wpisów w księgach sądu podkomorskiego jako urzędującego komornika granicznego przyczynia się do możliwości usytuowania go w hierarchii małopolskiej szlachty. The estate of Jan Miłoszewski. Estate inventory of the nobleman from Lesser Poland from 1725 In addition to the testament left by the deceased, it was necessary to prepare an estate inventory of his possessions in order to finalise the details of the inheritance. This was a legally-valid document and its preparation was closely defined by the rights concerning a given level of society, with its range depending on the material status of the deceased as well as the meticulousness of the person preparing the inventory. The published inventory of Jan Miłoszewski, treasurer of the Ciechanow area and a bailiff of the Krakow county who deceased in 1725, was recorded in the local Krakow records. It depicts the estate of the nobleman from Lesser Poland and testifies to the possession of, among others, equipment and various types of weapons, ssential in the life of a man of his social status, as well as objects connected with agricultural and domestic life. It is worth paying attention to the vast library, almost certainly to a large extent inherited from previous generations of his family, but also useful for carrying out social functions. The material wealth described in the inventory suggests that it was collected by generations of the family. Although little information remains about J. Miłoszewski, the large number of entries he made in court records as a bailiff testify to his placement among the hierarchy of the gentry in Lesser Poland.
Marian Friedberg (1902–1969). Życie i spuścizna
Authors: Jelonek-Litewka Krystyna
Published: June 2021

Wspomnienie o profesorze Marianie Friedbergu wpisuje się w obchody 50-lecia jego śmierci. Podzielone zostało na dwie części. W pierwszej autorka przybliża postać i osiągnięcia naukowe Profesora ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem działalności w okresie okupacji i w czasach stalinizmu. Profesor Friedberg pełnił funkcję dyrektora Archiwum Aktów Dawnych Miasta Krakowa w latach 1939–1952, aż do włączenia tego archiwum do Archiwum Państwowego w Krakowie. Autorka wypunktowała jego bohaterską postawę w tych trudnych czasach przejawiającą się ciągłą walką o niedopuszczenie do rozproszenia zbiorów przez niemieckie władze archiwalne. Podkreśliła również wielkie zaangażowanie Profesora w kształcenie przyszłych polskich archiwistów. W drugiej części wspomnienia omówiona została bogata spuścizna naukowa Profesora i jego żony Marii Friedbergowej z Mazanków oraz materiały rodzinne w niej zawarte.

Marian Friedberg (1902–1969). Life and legacy

The memoirs of Professor Marian Friedberg are part of the events to commemorate the 50th anniversary of his death and are divided into two parts. In the first one, the author introduces the figure and scientific achievements of the professor with particular emphasis on his activities during the periods of occupation and Stalinism. Professor Friedberg was the director of the Krakow Town Archives of Former Records in the years 1939–1952, until the time it was integrated into the State Archives in Krakow. The author lists his heroic actions in those difficult times during the constant battle to prevent the collections from being broken up by the German archival authorities. She also emphasises the professor’s great engagement in shaping the future Polish archival workers. The second part discusses the rich scientific legacy of the professor and his wife, Maria Mazankówna-Friedbergowa, as well as the family materials contained in it.
Katon Macieja Kazimierza Sarbiewskiego (Lyr. II 6) i exercitia Seneciana
Authors: Słomak Iwona
Published: June 2021

Maciej Kazimierz Sarbiewski’s Cato (Lyr. II 6) and exercitia Seneciana The starting point for the research presented in this article was an attempt to trace the literary tradition which inspired the creation of the lyrical subject and the titular figure of Maciej Kazimierz Sarbiewski’s ode II 6 (Cato Politicus). The presence of this name implies that the intertextual dimension of the poem should be taken into account in its interpretation, hence, the author of this article assumed that the question of the literary tradition should be addressed before a hypothesis about the meaning of the poem is put forth. A review of Sarbiewski’s potential sources of inspiration – primarily works that were included in the basic and supplementary reading lists in Jesuit colleges – brings satisfactory results. It turns out that the ancient author who often mentions Cato the Younger is Seneca Philosophus, moreover, there are numerous similarities between some passages in his works and ode II 6. Sarbiewski seems to have been especially inspired by his Epistulae morales ad Lucilium, and also by the Senecan Consolationes. However, rather than refer to the views attributed by Seneca explicitly to Cato, the Polish poet explores the thoughts of the Philosopher himself, possibly assuming that the views of the politician and the philosopher were similar; this assumption could be justified by the fact that Seneca not only repeatedly expresses highest praise of the republican hero, but he also openly recommends to treat Cato Uticensis as a role model. These issues are discussed in the first part of this paper. In the second part, the author compares selected passages from Seneca’s works and two poems (II 5 and II 7) adjacent to the ode Cato Politicus. The comparison shows that the convergences discussed above are not incidental. On the contrary, there is a series of Sarbiewski’s odes inspired by Seneca, and therefore the Roman philosopher and tragedian can be considered the next, after Horace, master of the Jesuit poet. It is postulated that these inspirations deserve more recognition in further studies on Sarbiewski’s poetry, as they may be helpful in the interpretation of some problematic passages of his odes.
Kierunki interpretacji motywu wampira w wybranych tekstach kultury od XIX do XXI wieku (rekonesans)
Authors: Rawski Jakub
Published: June 2021

Artykuł ma na celu przedstawienie przeglądu kierunków interpretacji motywu wampira w kulturze popularnej od XIX do XXI wieku. Skupia się na najważniejszych, najbardziej reprezentatywnych tekstach, które wywarły największy wpływ na ewolucję postaci wampira od romantyzmu do czasów współczesnych, takich jak: Dracula, Miasteczko Salem, Wywiad z wampirem, Zmierzch. Zamierzeniem było ukazanie różnych sposobów odczytywania i analizowania wampiryzmu w zależności od przyjętej metodologii. Niewątpliwie – tytułowe kierunki interpretacji utworów wampirycznych były warunkowane możliwościami egzegetycznymi, jakie niesie metodologiczny rozwój literaturoznawstwa i kulturoznawstwa.

Directions in Interpretation of the Vampire Theme in Selected Texts of Culture from the 19th to the 21st Century (Reconnaissance)

The article aims at offering an overview of directions of interpretation regarding the motif of vampire in popular literature from the 19th to the 21st century. It focuses on the most important, representative texts of culture that have had the greatest influence on the evolution of the vampire figure from Romanticism to the modern times, such as Dracula, Salem’s Lot, Interview with the Vampire, Twilight. The article intends to present various ways of reading and analysing vampirism depending on different methodologies. Undoubtedly, the approaches regarding interpretations of films and literary works featuring vampires have been conditioned by exegetical possibilities brought about by the methodological development in literary and cultural studies.
Evrensel Tasarım İlkeleri Doğrultusunda Çocuk Oyun Alanlarının Engelli Çocuklar Tarafından Kullanılabilirliğinin İncelenmesi: Van İli Örneği
Authors: Feran AŞUR  , Gizem  SAĞLAM ETLAN
Published: June 2021

Oyun, çocukların hayatlarında vazgeçilmezdir. Hayatımızın bir parçası olan engelli bireyler içinde hayata sıkı tutunmaları, sosyalleşmeleri ve gelişimleri için oyun alanları ayrıca önemlidir. Engelli çocukların herhangi bir yardım almadan engelsiz bir şekilde oyun oynayabilmeleri sağlanmalıdır. Çocuk oyun alanlarının planlama ve tasarlama sırasında çocukların yaş, fiziksel özellik ve yeteneklerine göz önünde bulundurulmalı ve evrensel tasarım ilkeleri ve standartlar doğrultusunda parklar tasarlanmalıdır. Bu çalışmada, engelli çocuk oyun alanlarının evrensel tasarım ilke ve standartları doğrultusunda Van ilindeki çocuk oyun alanlarının engelli çocuklara uygunluğunu irdelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda evrensel tasarım ilkelerine göre incelenen Van ilindeki mevcut parkların engelli çocukların kullanımına yüksek oranda uygun olmadığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu sebeple yasal mevzuatta çocuk oyun alanlarının engellilere uygunluğuna ilişkin standart belirlenmeli, yerel yönetimler engelli bireylerin parklara erişilebilirliğini arttırabilmek için Üniversite, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı ve Rehabilitasyon Merkezleriyle iş birliği içerisinde çalışmaları yürütebilir. Bu çalışmada engelsiz şekilde erişilebilir ve kullanılabilir çocuk oyun alanı için öneriler geliştirerek sunulmuştur.
Identification of Parallel Passages Across a Large Hebrew/Aramaic Corpus
Authors: Shmidman Avi , Koppel Moshe , Porat Ely
Published: June 2021

We propose a method for efficiently finding all parallel passages in a large
corpus, even if the passages are not quite identical due to rephrasing and
orthographic variation. The key ideas are the representation of each word in
the corpus by its two most infrequent letters, finding matched pairs of strings
of four or five words that differ by at most one word and then identifying
clusters of such matched pairs. Using this method, over 4600 parallel pairs of
passages were identified in the Babylonian Talmud, a Hebrew-Aramaic corpus of
over 1.8 million words, in just over 30 seconds. Empirical comparisons on
sample data indicate that the coverage obtained by our method is essentially
the same as that obtained using slow exhaustive methods.
From manuscript catalogues to a handbook of Syriac literature: Modeling an infrastructure for Syriaca.org
Authors: Gibson Nathan P. , Michelson David A. , Schwartz Daniel L.
Published: June 2021

Despite increasing interest in Syriac studies and growing digital
availability of Syriac texts, there is currently no up-to-date infrastructure
for discovering, identifying, classifying, and referencing works of Syriac
literature. The standard reference work (Baumstark's Geschichte) is over ninety
years old, and the perhaps 20,000 Syriac manuscripts extant worldwide can be
accessed only through disparate catalogues and databases. The present article
proposes a tentative data model for Syriaca.org's New Handbook of Syriac
Literature, an open-access digital publication that will serve as both an
authority file for Syriac works and a guide to accessing their manuscript
representations, editions, and translations. The authors hope that by
publishing a draft data model they can receive feedback and incorporate
suggestions into the next stage of the project.
Recurrent Pattern Modelling in a Corpus of Armenian Manuscript Colophons
Authors: Van Elverdinghe Emmanuel
Published: June 2021

Colophons of Armenian manuscripts are replete with yet untapped riches. Formulae are not the least among them: these recurrent stereotypical patterns conceal many clues as to the schools and networks of production and diffusion of books in Armenian communities. This paper proposes a methodology for exploiting these sources, as elaborated in the framework of a PhD research project about Armenian colophon formulae. Firstly, the reader is briefly introduced to the corpus of Armenian colophons and then, to the purposes of our project. In the third place, we describe our methodology, relying on lemmatization and modelling of patterns into automata. Fourthly and finally, the whole process is illustrated by a basic case study, the occasion of which is taken to outline the kind of results that can be achieved by combining this methodology with a philologico-historical approach to colophons.
Smarter Round Robin Scheduling Algorithm for Cloud Computing and Big Data
Authors: GIBET TANI Hicham , EL AMRANI Chaker
Published: June 2021

Cloud Computing and Big Data are the upcoming Information Technology (IT) computing models. These groundbreaking paradigms are leading IT to a new set of rules that aims to change computing resources delivery and exploitation model, thus creating a novel business market that is exponentially growing and attracting more and more investments from both providers and end users that are looking forward to make profits from these innovative models of computing. In the same context, researchers and investigators are wrestling time in order to develop, test and optimize Cloud Computing and Big Data platforms, whereas several studies are ongoing to determine and enhance the essential aspects of these computing models especially compute resources allocation. The processing power scheduling is crucial when it comes to Cloud Computing and Big Data because of the data growth management and delivery design proposed by these new computing models, that requires faster responses from platforms and applications. Hence originates the importance of developing high efficient scheduling algorithms that are compliant with these computing models platforms and infrastructures requirement.

Cloud Computing et Big Data sont les prochains modèles informatiques. Ces paradigmes révolutionnaires conduisent l'informatique à un nouveau jeu de règles qui vise à changer la livraison des ressources informatiques et le modèle d'exploitation, créant ainsi un monde d'affaires nouveau qui croît de façon exponentielle et attire de plus en plus d'investissements des fournisseurs et des utilisateurs finaux qui attendent Amener profit de ces modèles innovants de l'informatique. Dans le même contexte, les chercheurs combattent pour développer, tester et optimiser les plates-formes Cloud Computing et Big Data, alors que plusieurs études sont en cours pour déterminer et améliorer les aspects essentiels de ces modèles informatiques, en particulier l'allocation des ressources. La planification de la puissance de traitement est cruciale quand il s'agit de Cloud Computing et Big Data en raison de la gestion de la croissance des données et la conception de livraison proposée par ces nouveaux modèles informatiques, qui nécessite des réponses plus rapides des plates-formes et des applications. D'où l'origine de l'importance de développer des algorithmes d'ordonnancement efficaces qui sont conformes à ces plates-formes de modèles informatiques et aux exigences d'infrastructure.
A novel approach based on segmentation for securing medical image processing over cloud
Authors: Marwan Mbarek , Kartit Ali , Ouahmane Hassan
Published: June 2021

Healthcare professionals require advanced image processing software to enhance the quality of clinical decisions. However, any investment in sophisticated local applications would dramatically increase healthcare costs. To address this issue, medical providers are interested in adopting cloud technology. In spite of its multiple advantages, outsourcing computations to an external provider arises several challenges. In fact, security is the major factor hindering the widespread acceptance of this new concept. Recently, various solutions have been suggested to fulfill healthcare demands. Though, ensuring privacy and high performance needs more improvements to meet the healthcare sector requirements. To this end, we propose a framework based on segmentation approach to secure cloud-based medical image processing in the healthcare system.
Interactive Tools and Tasks for the Hebrew Bible : From Language Learning to Textual Criticism
Authors: Winther-Nielsen Nicolai
Published: June 2021

This contribution to a special issue on “Computer-aided processing of intertextuality” in ancient texts will illustrate how using digital tools to interact with the Hebrew Bible offers new promising perspectives for visualizing the texts and for performing tasks in education and research. This contribution explores how the corpus of the Hebrew Bible created and maintained by the Eep Talstra Centre for Bible and Computer can support new methods for modern knowledge workers within the field of digital humanities and theology be applied to ancient texts, and how this can be envisioned as a new field of digital intertextuality. The article first describes how the corpus was used to develop the Bible Online Learner as a persuasive technology to enhance language learning with, in, and around a database that acts as the engine driving interactive tasks for learners. Intertextuality in this case is a matter of active exploration and ongoing practice. Furthermore, interactive corpus-technology has an important bearing on the task of textual criticism as a specialized area of research that depends increasingly on the availability of digital resources. Commercial solutions developed by software companies like Logos and Accordance offer a market-based intertextuality defined by the production of advanced digital resources for scholars and students as useful alternatives to often inaccessible and expensive printed versions. It is reasonable to expect that in the future interactive corpus technology will allow scholars to do innovative academic tasks in textual criticism and interpretation. We have already seen the emergence of promising tools for text categorization, analysis of translation shifts, and interpretation. Broadly speaking, interactive tools and tasks within the three areas of language learning, textual criticism, and Biblical studies illustrate a new kind of intertextuality emerging within digital humanities.
A Secured Data Processing Technique for Effective Utilization of Cloud Computing
Authors: Marwan Mbarek , Kartit Ali , Ouahmane Hassan
Published: June 2021

Digital humanities require IT Infrastructure and sophisticated analytical tools, including datavisualization, data mining, statistics, text mining and information retrieval. Regarding funding, tobuild a local data center will necessitate substantial investments. Fortunately, there is another optionthat will help researchers take advantage of these IT services to access, use and share informationeasily. Cloud services ideally offer on-demand software and resources over the Internet to read andanalyze ancient documents. More interestingly, billing system is completely flexible and based onresource usage and Quality of Service (QoS) level. In spite of its multiple advantages, outsourcingcomputations to an external provider arises several challenges. Specifically, security is the majorfactor hindering the widespread acceptance of this new concept. As a case study, we review the use ofcloud computing to process digital images safely. Recently, various solutions have been suggested tosecure data processing in cloud environement. Though, ensuring privacy and high performance needsmore improvements to protect the organization's most sensitive data. To this end, we propose aframework based on segmentation and watermarking techniques to ensure data privacy. In this respect,segementation algorithm is used to to protect client's data against untauhorized access, whilewatermarking method determines and maintains ownership. Consequentely, this framework willincrease the speed of development on ready-to-use digital humanities tools.
Special Issue on Visualisations in Historical Linguistics: Introduction
Authors: Molineaux Benjamin , Los Bettelou , Mäkinen Martti
Published: June 2021

The advent of ever-larger and more diverse historical corpora for different historical periods and linguistic varieties has led to the impossibility of obtaining simple, direct-and yet balancedrepresentations of the core patterns in the data. In order to draw insights from heterogeneous and complex materials of this type, historical linguists have begun to reach for a growing number of data visualisation techniques, from the statistical, to the cartographical, the network-based and beyond. An exploration of the state of this art was the objective of a workshop at the 2018 International Conference on English Historical Linguistics, from whence most of the materials of this Special Issue are drawn. This brief introductory paper outlines the background and relevance of this line of methodological research and presents a summary of the individual papers that make up the collection.