bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘Yeni normal’ ve dilde yenilikler
Authors: ŞENLİK Ahmet Şefik
Published: February 2022

Koronavirüs sonrasında ortaya çıkan yeni durum ve şartların kalıcılığını, hayata dair birçok şeyin değişerek artık bir standarda dönüştüğünü ifade etmek üzere bir tabir ortaya atılmıştır: ‘Yeni Normal’. Yakın zamanlarda birçok kelime ve tabirde olduğu gibi bunda da İngilizceden Türkçeye bire bir kelime aktarma yoluyla bir tercüme söz konusudur. Aslı, yani İngilizcesi, malum olacağı üzere ‘(the) new normal’dır. Tahmin edilebileceği gibi tabirin çıkış yeri de İngiltere değil, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’dir. ‘New normal’ ilkin 1966 yılında yayımlanmış bir Amerikan romanında kullanılmakla birlikte bugünkü manasından o zamanlar henüz çok uzaktır. Zamanla 11 Eylül (2001) sonrası dünyanın aldığı hâli ve geçerli olan yeni şartları; bilahare 2008-2012 arasında iş dünyasında görülen bazı mali ve iktisadi durumları izah etmek üzere de kullanılmıştır. New normal, 2020’den itibaren, ilk defa insan sağlığını/hayatını tehdit eden viral bir salgın münasebetiyle, Koronavirüs musibeti süresince mevcut olan -ve sonrasında uzun bir müddet devam edeceği tahmin edilen- durumu/şartları ifade için kullanılmaya başladı. Bu yazıya konu olan, işte bu bağlamda kullanılan ‘yeni normal’dir. 2020 sonrasında oluşan yeni dünya düzeninde Türkçede sıkça duyulan tek tabir ‘yeni normal’ değildir. ‘Yeni normal’in getirdiği şartlar çerçevesinde dilde de birtakım yenilikler ortaya çıkmıştır. Daha çok biyoloji ve tıp ıstılahı olarak bilinen, Batı menşeli birçok tabir artık gündelik dile girerek yaygınlaşmıştır. Bunların yanı sıra sayıları az olmakla birlikte Türkçe imkânlarla türetilmiş, ‘yeni normal’ mahsulü bazı kelimelere de rastlanmaktadır. Bu makalede dilde görülen bu yeniliklere filolojik bir bakışla temas edilecektir.
Babanın adını reddetme temelinde “The Piano” filmine Lacancı bakış
Authors: SEKMEN Muhsine
Published: February 2022

Sinema filmleri, yaratıcısının zihinsel süreçlerinden bağımsız olarak ele alınamaz. Film, bir bilincin ürünü olduğu kadar bilinçdışının serbestçe gezindiği bir alandır aynı zamanda… Bu nedenle film ürününün incelenmesinde psikanalitik süreçler, film karakterlerinin derinlemesine analiz edilmesi için bilinçdışına odaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada The Piano (Campion:1993) filminde Ada karakteri merkeze alınarak, film karakterleri Lacancı okumaya tabi tutulmuştur. Bu film incelemesinde Lacan okuması yapılırken, Zizek’in yol göstericiliğinde anamorfoz bakış açısı kullanılarak, temel Lacan kavramları üzerinden inceleme yapılmıştır. Lacan’ın Ayna Evresi Kuramı ve üç aşamalı gerçeklik modellemesi, Ada karakterinin bu aşamalar arasındaki geçirgen yolculuğu ile aktarılmaktadır. Bu filmin Lacancı psikanalitik inceleme için seçilmesinde, Ada karakterinin filmde baskın öğe olan konuşmayı reddetme eylemi belirleyici olmuştur. Konuşmayı reddetmek, Lacan kavramları açısından Babanın Adını temsil eden dil aşamasına geçmeye direniş göstermeyi ifade etmektedir. Bu kapsamda yapılan çalışmada, anamorfoz bakış açısı ile ‘semptom’, ‘objet petit a’, ‘jouissance’ ve ‘Babanın Adı’ kavramları ekseninde; imgesel, simgesel ve Gerçek aşamaları incelenmiştir. Film incelemesi sonucunda, Ada karakterinin bilinçaltında yer alan arzularının aktarılmasında piyano sesinin öne çıktığı görülmüştür. Ada, iğdiş edilmesine rağmen, erkek otoritesi altına girmeyi kabul etmemiş, arzularının peşinden koşmuştur. Filmin sonunda Ada’nın arzularına ulaşması ile birlikte piyanoya ihtiyacı kalmadığını düşünmesi, onun simgesele kendi isteğiyle girmeyi kabul ettiğini göstermektedir.
Divan edebiyatında “şiir” redifli gazeller ve bu şiirler ışığında poetik tespitler
Authors: IŞIK İsa
Published: February 2022

Divan edebiyatı, Osmanlıdan günümüze yüzlerce yıllık kültür birikiminin mahsulü olup binlerce şairin yetiştiği büyük bir vadidir. Bütün büyük şairler bir sanat felsefesini benimsediği gibi divan şiirinin önde gelen sanatçıları da poetik bir duyarlılık sahibidir. Fakat divan şairlerinin poetik algılarını dışa vurmaları genellikle modern şairlerden farklıdır. Modern şairler sanat felsefelerini kimi zaman şiirleriyle kimi zaman da müstakil eserleriyle ortaya koymuşlardır. Divan edebiyatında şiirle ilgili düşünceler şairler tarafından bazen divan dibacelerinde, sebeb-i telif bölümlerinde çoğu zaman da beyitlerin satır aralarında zikredilmiştir. Bunların dışında yazılan “suhan, söz, mana, gazel vb.” redifli şiirler de şairlerin poetik bilinçlerini aktarmada önemli bir işleve sahiptir. Bu çalışmada üç yüzden fazla divan taranmış, bunun neticesinde bir “şiirim” altı da “şiir” redifli gazel tespit edilmiştir. İshak Çelebi, Muhibbî, Emrî ve Yahya Bey’e ait birer, Zâtî’ye ait ise üç şiir saptanmıştır. Tespit edilen şiirler nitelik olarak bizlere bu konuda önemli bilgiler sunmaktadır. Çalışmada, divan şairlerinin şiirle ilgili düşünceleri, bahsi geçen şiirlerden hareketle dikkatlere sunulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Konformizmin toplumsal izdüşümü: Vicki Baum’un “Berlin Oteli” romanı
Authors: TUNCER Cihan
Published: February 2022

Dışsal bir dayatma olmaksızın kişinin davranış ve düşüncelerini çoğunluğa uyarlaması olarak tanımlanan konformizm veya uymacılık, sosyal psikolojinin inceleme alanına girer. Birlikteliliği ve biz duygusuyla motive olmuş dayanışmayı beraberinde getirmesiyle olumlu bir görüntü verse de bireyselliği tehdit eden ve özgürlüğü kısıtlayan yapısıyla olumsuz bir olgudur. Öyle ki konformizm kendiliğindenlik, orijinallik, yetenek, ahlaki cesaret gibi zenginlikleri yok eden dolayısıyla bireyi sıradanlaştıran, kalabalıklar içinde anonimleştiren bir yapıya sahiptir. Dışarıdan yönelen herhangi bir etki olmaksızın içselleştirebileceği gibi konformizm bazen de dışlanma, aşağılanma, aforoz edilme gibi dışarıdan bireye yönelen tehditleri bertaraf etme adına zorunlu olarak sergilenebilmektedir. Bu daha çok kendini savunma mekanizması olarak değerlendirmesi gereken bir durumdur. İster zorunlu isterse gönüllü olsun konformizmi benimseme insanlara bedeller ödemeyi dayatır. Çünkü seçimleri, kararları ve eylemleri ile kendi gerçekliğini inşa eden insan aynı zamanda seçtiği yaşamın sorumluluğunu da üstlenmekle yükümlüdür. Seçilen her yaşam kendi içinde belirli kuralları, düşünce biçimini ve eylemleri barındırır ve kişi bunlardan kaçma imtiyazına sahip değildir. Bunun en trajik deneyimini milyonlarca insan yakın tarihte Nasyonal Sosyalizmle yaşamıştır. Hitler’i iktidara taşıyan milyonlar bunun bedelini kendilerine dayatılan yaşamı dolayısıyla sahte benliklerle, kendi olamadan yaşamayı kabullenerek ödemiştir. Bu çalışmada, bir özgürlük sorunu olarak ortaya çıkan ve Nasyonal Sosyalizm dönemi insanında kimi zaman gönüllü kimi zaman zorunlu düşünce ve eylem biçimini tanımlayan konformizmin Vicki Baum’um Berlin Oteli romanındaki izdüşümleri tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Le profil d’enseignant de FLE visé et l’autonomie des facultés de pédagogie
Authors: AYDIN Barış
Published: February 2022

Depuis l'année universitaire 2018-2019, les cursus de tous les programmes de licence des facultés de pédagogie de Turquie ont été radicalement modifiés par le Conseil de l'enseignement supérieur de Turquie (YÖK). Pour les départements de didactique du français langue étrangère, ce nouveau cursus a fait l'objet de nombreuses discussions. Parmi les sujets critiqués figurent, d'une part, la diminution du nombre ainsi que des heures et des crédits ECTS des cours dispensés en français, d'autre part, l'augmentation significative du nombre de cours de connaissances professionnelles, de culture générale et de sciences de l'éducation dont la langue d'enseignement est le turc. Parmi plusieurs renouvellements du cursus des départements de formation des futurs enseignants, celui-ci s'avère être le plus catégorique étant donné qu'aucun droit de changement n'a été accordé aux départements des neuf universités qui forment des professeurs de français. Bien entendu, chaque État a le droit de déterminer les politiques de formation des enseignants en fonction des besoins du pays et à la lumière des plans à court, moyen et long terme de l'État ; cependant, l'application du même programme par chaque département semble contredire la définition de l'université. La présente étude vise à faire une brève évaluation de ce nouveau cursus. Le but ultime est de mettre en évidence certains inconvénients du programme en question. Pour ce faire, nous nous référerons à l'ancien cursus du département de FLE de l'Université Hacettepe. Une analyse comparative nous permettra de faire des observations sur la différence entre les profils d'enseignants visés par les deux curricula.
English language teaching model proposal for Deaf and Hard of Hearing students
Authors: AY Sıla , ŞEN BARTAN Özgür
Published: February 2022

This study tries to explore English language learning conditions of Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) students in Turkey and worldwide. To this end, descriptive research method was carried out to find out the characteristics of DHH English language learners and their ways of communicationand certain foreign language teaching methods and/or techniques recommended for this group of learners. Within the framework of these objectives, the study investigated English language learning conditions of DHH students in Turkey and worldwide through the literature review of both empirical and theoretical studies concerning DHH English learners. Briefly, the results of the research shows that there have been few studies on DHH English language learners in Turkey and DHH learners do not have access to appropriate English language teaching. Having examined the studies concerning DHH English language learners worldwide, there are some practical implications regarding their characteristics, communication ways/needs, and methods and techniques recommended for this group of learners. In brief, within the scope of the data derived from this study, the proposed model of teaching English to DHH learners basically includes components such as visualisation, using technological tools, teaching strategies of reading and vocabulary, constructing a multilingual learning environment by using national sign language, cued speech, lip reading etc., repetition, explicit teaching, and providing enriched feedback.
A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES E O “APEGO À VIDA”
Authors: Carvalho Janete Magalhães , Roseiro Steferson Zanoni , LOURENÇO SUZANY GOULART , Zouain Ana Cláudia Santiago
Published: February 2022

Introdução – O texto aborda um trabalho de formação docente que procura acionar desvios da imagem-professor, pela geração de aprendizagens-potência, considerando o plano de sintonia professor-aluno como um campo de criação, uma zona de vizinhança, um espaço híbrido, no qual a fronteira entre o professor e o aprendiz se desfaz. Objetivo – Busca conjugar o plano de sintonia professor-aluno como um campo de criação, uma zona de contágio e propagação de afeto, sensibilidade e apego à vida em que o aprender se relaciona com a vontade de estar junto, trocar e criar tempo de produção coletiva. Assim, pensa a formação de professores como invenção de possibilidades outras de saber, focando uma prática disparada por espreitas, encontros e problematizações com mundos compartilhados. Metodologia – Parte de um curta metragem cuja temática é o excessivo enquadramento da vida, debatendo, por meio de redes de conversações estabelecidas com professoras, o engendramento entre a noção de tempo e o hábito e a memória, buscando uma atuação docente voltada para o desenvolvimento do “apego à vida”, em contraposição à “atenção à vida”. Prioriza, nos processos de formação docente, três posturas inventivas: de espreita (para viver o percurso); de interrogação (para ativar o movimento e permitir desvios); de encontro (para permitir a parada). Essas posturas, entretanto, não seguem uma ordem linear, pois envolvem deslocamentos que nos compõem na qualidade de docentes e a partir dos quais foi explorado o desafio de atuar na formação de outros docentes. Resultados – Trabalha uma perspectiva de inteligência que distrai professores e alunos da própria vida, por considerar que uma aprendizagem dirigida para o social necessita do apego aos outros como um apego a si mesmo, enfim, do “apego à vida” não em suas formas, mas naquilo que nos seres é movimento no tempo. Assim, usa os conceitos de tempo e sua correspondência com a ordem vital de encontro entre corpos, analisando suas contribuições para potencializar uma docência não dogmática, baseada na perspectiva de um tempo não somente cronológico, mas também no “sem-fundo” da multiplicidade temporal produtora de presente e futuro que permita uma aprendizagem inventiva possibilitada por uma docência criativa. Usa como intercessores teóricos privilegiados Deleuze (2003, 1988), Deleuze e Guattari (1997), Bergson (2006) e Lapoujade (2017) em suas conceituações sobre tempo, “apego à vida” e necessidade de liberar as vidas para permitir a passagem da pulsão vital, como um exercício intensivo da sensibilidade entre as forças do corpo e do mundo, que dão acesso à potência de criação e, assim, das invenções docentes. Conclusões – Fortalece posturas que ativam a vida como processo de criação, em que a aprendizagem emerge de potências de ação, de aprender-se/inventar-se docente e de contribuir para que o “apego à vida” supere uma inteligência estéril, divorciada da vida em seu movimento no tempo de aprender e viver.
Effects of LDD and CAPE administration on total antioxidant and total oxidant levels in experimental periodontitis model of rat brain
Authors: YİĞİT Umut , KIRZIOĞLU Fatma Yeşim , ÖZMEN Özlem , UĞUZ Abdülhadi
Published: February 2022

Aim: Observing the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and/or low dose doxycycline (LDD) on total antioxidant and oxidant status of brain in experimental periodontitis is the purpose of the study.Methods: 48 male Wistar albino rats were designed as the following: control group (C, n=8), periodontitis + CAPE group (PC, n=10), periodontitis + LDD (PD, n=10), periodontitis + LDD + CAPE group (PCD, n=10), and periodontitis group (P, n=10). The time period for the experiment was 14 days. 10µmol/kg/day of CAPE was administered using an intraperitoneal injection (IP). 10 mg/kg/day of LDD was administered using an oral gavage method. Histopathological changes were evaluated.Results: Beneficial results were seen in all of the groups after LDD and/or CAPE administration on decreasing the alveolar bone loss level and oxidative stress. All of the experimental groups showed signs of periodontitis with alveolar bone loss. The P group leads with the most alveolar bone loss compared to the other periodontitis groups and the lowest group was the PC group in the periodontitis groups. The evolution of alveolar bone loss from high to low was that group P, group PD, group PCD, group PC, and group C (P < 0.05). However, there is no statistical difference between brain total antioxidant status and brain total oxidant status average values according to brain groups (p > 0.05).Conclusion: The combination of LDD and CAPE are not significantly different when applied alone or together on oxidative status. But both of the agents have beneficial effects on reducing the oxidative stress and tissue damages.
The effect of self glucose monitoring on glycemic control of patients with diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan
Authors: ALADAĞ Nazire , AKIN Seydahmet , ÖZGÜR Yasemin , BÖYÜK Banu , KESKİN Özcan
Published: February 2022

Aim: It is known that a significant number of patients with diabetes insist on fasting in the month of Ramadan, despite the advice of their physicians and reliable authorities. In order to provide the best possible care and support to these patients, the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the Diabetes and Ramadan (DAR) International Alliance practical guidelines have been created by the International Alliance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of consulting a physician and self glucose monitoring on diabetes management during Ramadan in patients with fasting diabetes.Methods: With this retrospective observational study, patients over 18 years of age who were diagnosed with diabetes, who came to the diabetes outpatient clinic for control after Ramadan and who made their follow-up from our outpatient clinic before Ramadan, were included. Everyone who intends to fast (previous or not) has been asked about previous fasting experiences, questions about whether they consulted the doctor before Ramadan, and those who fasted, how they spent this Ramadan, the questionnaire was filled. The biochemical data of fasting patients before and after Ramadan were analyzed.Results: A total of 394 patients with diabetes participated in the questionnaire and 98 of them (24.9 %) who were fasted were included in the study. The mean age of the fasting patients with diabetes was 59.7 ± 12.3 years and39.2 %werefemale. It was detected that 86.7% of the fasting people were fasting for more than 15 days. Fasting rates were higher in males than females (32.4% to 20.8%) It was found that 25.9% of patients with type 2 DM and 10.3% of patients with type 1 DM were fasting. It was determined that 62.8% of the patients intending to fast were consulted to the physician about this subject, 55.3% of them were determined risk by physician and 70% of them followed up with selfmonitoring blood glucose (SMBG). It was determined that 23.4% (23/98) of fasting patients had a reduction in the number or dose of diabetes medications used; 5.1% (5/98) experienced a complication that would disrupt fasting; 16.3% gained weight (2.8 ± 2.4 kg) and 23.5% lost weight (2.7 ± 1.9 kg). A significant increase in HbA1c and a significant decrease in UACR were detected. It has been determined that A1c control of those who follow with SMBG is better protected than those who do not.Conclusion: In our study, it was seen that a quarter of patients with diabetes fasted. The most valuable result of this study is that the diabetic patients have achieved a more successful diabetes control by providing self-auto control mechanism with SMBG, regardless of whether or not they have received medical advice by physician consultationin Ramadan.
Assessment Of Tp-E Interval, Tp-E/Qt, Tp-E/Qtc Ratıos In Thalassemıa Major Patıents
Authors: ERKAL Zehra
Published: February 2022

Aim: Thalassemia major (TM) is a genetic hemoglobinopathy that causes chronic hemolytic anemia. Repeated blood transfusions are needed for treatment. Iron accumulation is used to predict the risk of ventricular arrhythmia. We designed this study to compare the Tp-e interval, Tp-e/QT ratio and Tp-e/QTc ratio, which are the novel and reliable predictors that show ventricular repolarization, between the TM patients and healthy control group.Method: We included 97 TM patients who presented to our outpatient clinic for routine cardiac check-up from March 2019 to June 2020 and 90 healthy volunteers. In addition to the demographic and echocardiographic findings, patients’ electrocardiograms (ECG) were retrospectively analyzed. Their serum ferritin, C reactive protein (CRP) levels and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios were recorded and compared.Result: The Tp-e interval was 80 msn (60.0-80.0) in the group of thalassemia major patients whereas it was 60 msn (50.0-70.0) (p<0.001) in the control group. The Tp-e/QT ratio was 0.200 (0.160-0.225) in the TM group while it was 0.175(0.150-0.210) in the control group (p=0.014). The Tp-e/QTc ratio was 0.180 (0.130-0.190) in the TM group while it was 0.150 (0.130-0.180) in the control group (p=0.035). No correlation was found between their serum ferritin levels and ECG parameters.Conclusion: Prolonged Tp-e interval, Tp-e/QT ve Tp-e/QTc ratios on the ECG in TM patients are associated with impaired ventricular repolarization due to excessive cardiac iron deposition and ventricular arrhythmias. These simple but reliable parameters can be used to predict the risk of arrhythmia.
The Effects Of Tumor Localization On Small Cell Lung Cancer And Its Association With Prognosis
Authors: BULUT Sertan , ÇELİK Deniz
Published: February 2022

Aim: Lung cancer is classified as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) as pathological subtypes. SCLC is associated with a significantly short life expectancy, and it constitutes 10-15% of all lung cancers. Previous studies showed that lung cancer is mostly dominated by the upper lobe and is more common in the right lung than in the left. The main aim of this study is to analyze the localization of the tumor in the right and left lung in aggressive and malignant SCLC patients by comparing it with determinants such as anatomical features, demographic features, laboratory features, including the association with peripheral-central localizations, especially overall survival.Methods: There were four hundred forty-six lung cancer patients diagnosed in a chest diseases clinic in a tertiary training and research hospital between 31.03.2014 and 31.03.2020. Of these, twenty percent (n=90) were diagnosed as SCLC. Among ninety patients, six were excluded from the study due to incomplete medical SCLC records, and finally, eighty-four patients with SCLC were included in the study.Results: We classified eighty-four patients into two groups as right and left lung localized SCLC and analyzed all the data. We found that the left lung tumor group had the more extensive-stage disease and had significantly high CRP levels (p=0.027, p=0.045, respectively). When we analyzed the data such as demographic characteristics, diagnostic methods, overall survival, treatment characteristics, stage characteristics, anatomical features of the right and left tumor groups, we found that there were no significant differences.We use univariate and then multivariate analysis for survival. We found that being sixty-five years old and over (p=0.014), high CRP levels (p=0.016), having centrally localized tumors (p=0.01), having poor performance status (p<0.0001), and having no treatment for primary cancer (p=0.001) were associated with worse survival.Conclusion: Primary treatment of SCLC patients should start promptly. We found that the central location of the tumor as anatomical localization may be associated with worse survival. Also, we found that the left lung tumor group had the more extensive-stage disease and had significantly high CRP levels. Being sixty-five years old and over, high CRP levels, having poor performance status, and having no treatment for primary cancer were significantly associated with worse survival.
Anesthesia management in Bart's syndrome: A case report
Authors: ÇİÇEKCİ Faruk
Published: February 2022

Bart's syndrome is a genetic disorder that is also associated with epidermolysis bullosa (EB), which is characterized by congenital focal absence of the skin, mechanical bullous, and nail dystrophy. We present the anesthesia management of a male neonate with congenital localized skin absence, nail dystrophy, and ear atrophy who underwent surgery due to congenital pyloric atrophy. Palliative measures were perforemed paying attention to skin lesions in areas of rich-red peeling on the hands and feet of the patient, and standard general inhalation anesthesia was administered. As far as I could research in the English literature, this case report may be the first case report to present the management of anesthesia in a patient with Bart syndrome.
Validation and Efficiency of a Scoring System Used in the Differentiation of Uncomplicated Appendicitis
Authors: KUBAT Mehmet , SAHİN Serdar
Published: February 2022

Aim: Various parameters are used to differentiate between complicated-uncomplicated appendicitis cases and even scoring systems are created where these parameters are used together. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of one of these scoring systems by external validation.Method: Retrospective evaluation was performed on the clinical, radiological and laboratory findings of patients who underwent appendectomy between January 2018 and January 2021. Scoring was performed using the previously described scoring systems for each patient considered to have acute appendicitis as a result of imaging. They were divided into complicated appendicitis and uncomplicated appendicitis groups according to clinical and pathological evaluation results.Results: While evaluating 425 patients, ultrasonography was used in 48% and tomography in 52% of the patients. Significant effectiveness of the score of ≤6 was observed in the group using tomography (p<0.001, AUC: 0.838, Sensitivity 83.3%, positive predictive value 50.8%, specificity 84.3%, negative predictive value 96.3%). Significant effectiveness of the score of ≤5 was observed in the ultrasonography group (p<0.001, AUC: 0.790, Sensitivity 85.7%, positive predictive value 39.0%, specificity 72.2%, negative predictive value 96.1%).Conclusion: The scoring system created for the selection of uncomplicated appendicitis cases has been shown to be effective and has been externally validated. Since each of the parameters used in the scoring system has higher efficiency than its independent effectiveness, scoring systems that evaluate clinical, radiological and laboratory variables together give better results in clinical practice.
The Protective Effects Of Beta Glucan Against Experimental Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury
Authors: MAVİ BULUT Ayşegül , ŞİRİNYILDIZ Ferhat , ORAK Cenk , CESUR Gökhan
Published: February 2022

Aim: This study aims to investigate the possible protective effects of beta-glucan against oxidative stress caused by ischemia and reperfusion injury in kidney tissue.Methods: In the study, 30 male Wistar albino rats weighing 300-350g were used (n=10). Rats were randomly grouped into three groups of Sham control, ischemia reperfusion group (IR), ischemia reperfusion + beta glucan group (IR + BG). Sham group had left nephrectomy, the right kidney taken for histopathologic and biochemical examination. After left nephrectomy in IR group, ischemia procedure was applied for 45 minutes via nontraumatic microvascular clamp, then reperfusion was applied for 60 minutes in the right kidney. In the IR+BG group, rats were administered 100 mg/kg beta glucan via gastric gavage for 10 days. Reperfusion was applied for 60 minutes after 45 minutes of ischemia to the right kidney under anesthesia.Results: As a result of biochemical examination MDA values showed a significant increase in IR group compared to Sham group (p<0,05). In IR+BG group, there was a significant decrease compared to IR group (p<0,05). Tissue MPO values in IR group showed a significant increase compared to Sham group, whereas in the IR+BG group there was not a significant decrease. Also, there was not a significant difference in tissue catalase levels. Tissue GSH values showed a significant decrease in IR group compared to Sham group (p<0,05). In the IR+BG group a significant increase was found compared to IR group (p<0,05). Less damage has been revealed in the IR+BG group compared to IR group in histopathologic examination.Conclusion: All these data show that beta glucan may have an antioxidant effect on renal ischemia reperfusion injury.
COVID-19 pandemic and effect on large scale poultry production: A case study of Ibadan Metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Odukoya S.O  , Sodeeq A.E  , Oyelere O.S  , Adewole A.O
Published: February 2022

This study was conducted to examine the effect of COVID-19 on large scale poultry production in Ibadan metropolis, Oyo state. Cross sectional data were obtained using a well structured questionnaire from one hundred large scale poultry farmers selected through a multi-stage random sampling technique. The data were subjected to descriptive statistics and gross margin analysis. The result obtained shows that majority of the farmers had 5000-6000 birds, used 1-5 labours and deep litter system to rear chicken in the study area. Increased production cost, transportation challenges and sales reduction were some of the qualitative effects of this pandemic on the farmer. The estimated gross margin value before the onset of COVID-19 was # 4,156,920 and after the onset was #2,543,975 signifying the adverse quantitative economic effect of COVID-19 on poultry production. It is therefore recommended that government should provide palliatives to relief these farmers.
Aspek Kriminologi Tindak Pidana Korupsi
Authors: Dewi Setyowati Dewi Setyowati , Sisca Muji Rahayu
Published: February 2022

Corruption that is happening in Indonesia today, is already in a very serious position and is deeply rooted in every aspect of life. The development of corrupt practices from year to year is increasing, both in terms of quantity or amount of state financial losses as well as in terms of quality which are increasingly systematic, sophisticated and have expanded in scope in all aspects of society. Corruption is an act that can not only harm the state's finances but can also cause losses to the people's economy. This paper explores the criminological aspects of corruption. In the decision Number: 95/Pid.Sus-TPK/2019/PN. Sby stated that law enforcers from court institutions, namely the scope of the Registrar's Office, were involved in cases of criminal acts of abuse of authority which indicated a criminal act of corruption, namely bribery. The need for clear legal accountability for government officials in carrying out their duties and authorities is an essential requirement in an effort to realize law enforcement for criminal acts of corruption with legal certainty and justice.
Implikasi Keadaan Tidak Hadir (Afwezigheid) ketika Orang yang Tak Hadir Kembali dan Kedudukannya dalam Perkawinan
Authors: Bin Tahir Syarifah Amalia , Franata Robby Aulia Putri
Published: February 2022

Keadaan tidak hadir (Afwezigheid), yaitu keadaan dimana seseorang tidak berada di tempat tinggalnya dalam kurun waktu tertentu. Seseorang yang dinyatakan dalam keadaan tidak hadir (Afwezigheid) mengakibatkan kedudukannya menurut Hukum Perdata dianggap meninggal secara yuridis, hal tersebut menyebabkan hak dan kewajibannya berpotensi hapus. Afwezigheid menimbulkan implikasi yang serius terhadap pemenuhan hak dan kewajiban seseorang, sebagai salah satu contoh dalam perkawinan. Status perkawinan orang yang tidak hadir (afwezig) tersebut berpotensi menjadi berakhir dan mengakibatkan peralihan hak dan kewajiban seperti harta perkawinan, pewarisan dan alimentasi anak, karena statusnya dipersamakan dengan kematian. Berdasarkan KUH Perdata, permasalahan afwezigheid perlu melewati proses dan membutuhkan keputusan pengadilan mengenai status atau kedudukan orang yang tidak hadir (afwezig) atas permohonan yang berkepentingan. Permasalahan baru pun akan timbul ketika orang yang tidak hadir (afwezig) kembali ketika hak dan kewajibannya telah hapus dan beralih. Sebagaimana yang telah diketahui, bahwa keputusan pengadilan yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap tidak dapat lagi diganggu gugat. Maka, nasib orang yang tidak hadir (afwezig) tergantung pada putusan pengadilan, dikarenakan hingga saat ini, belum ada aturan yang mengatur secara eksplisit mengenai keadaan tidak hadir (afwezigheid).
Features of corrosion and inhibitory protection of steels in acid solutions containing iron(III) salts. Review
Authors:   A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Avdeev Ya.G. , Panova A.V. ,   A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Andreeva T.E.
Published: February 2022

A critical analysis of literature data on corrosion of steels in solutions of mineral acids containing Fe(III) salts and the possibility of inhibitory protection of steels in these environments has been carried out. The accumulation of Fe(III) salts in acid solutions during their operation at metallurgical, oil and gas enterprises, objects of housing and communal services is a result of dissolution of mineral deposits, scale, thermal scale, and rust containing Fe (III) compounds in them. In addition, additional oxidation of Fe(II) salts in acid solutions to Fe(III) compounds is possible. The effect of the redox potential, determined by the ratio of the content of Fe(III) and Fe(II) cations in them, as well as mobility of Fe(III) cations, on the corrosivity of the systems under consideration was examined. The reasons for the accelerating and retarding action of Fe(III) salts on corrosion of steels in acidic media were analyzed. Modern concepts of the mechanism of corrosion of steels in these environments are discussed. The low efficiency of the inhibitory protection of steels in mineral acids containing Fe(III) salts is demonstrated. It is noted that it is possible to increase the protective effect of some corrosion inhibitors (CI) in these environments by reducing their overall aggressiveness. It can be achieved by introducing H3PO4 into them, which is capable of binding Fe(III) into strong complexes that have a lower oxidizing capacity than Fe(III) aqua complexes and mobility in an aggressive environment. The CI used in an aggressive environment must be effective in slowing down not only the cathodic reduction of protons and anodic ionization of iron, but also significantly suppress reduction of Fe(III) cations, which is realized with the diffusion control. These requirements are met by composite CI based on triazoles, which in H2SO4 + H3PO4 and HCl + H3PO4 solutions containing Fe(III) salts are effective in slowing down the corrosion of low-carbon steel.
The Analysis of Science Textbook for Fifth Grade of Elementary School in Sambong Subdisctrict, District of Blora based on Scientific Literacy Aspects
Authors: Mardiyana Isna Ida , Hardiani Tise Karisma Triya , Mujtahidin
Published: February 2022

This study aims to explain scientific literacy aspects on science textbook for fifth grade used for Elementary School. Scientific literacy aspects involve (1) the knowledge of science, (2) the investigative natureof science, (3), science as the way of thinking, and (4) interaction of science, technology and society. Theapproach of this study was qualitative. This study used purposive sampling and the observed samples were three science textbooks that most used at Elementary School in Sambong Sub-District, District of Blora. The data of this study were obtained by using technique of documentation study based on scientific literacy aspects. The data analysis was done using descriptive statistics with percentage calculation. The result of this study showed that scope of scientific literacy aspects on books that were analyzed, especially in Biology, were 67,4% contains of the knowledge of science , 16,8% contains of the investigative nature of science, 13,3% contains of science as the way of thinking, and 2,5% contains of interaction of science, technology and society. The result of analysis indicated that books used were not show the balance of scientific literacy aspects where science as the body of knowledge aspect is still much greater than three other aspects.
European Waste Statistics data for a Circular Economy Monitor: opportunities and limitations from the Amsterdam Metropolitan Region
Authors: Sileryte Rusne , Sabbe Arnout , Bouzas Vasileios , Meister Kozmo , Wandl Alexander , van Timmeren Arjan
Published: February 2022

As appointed in the EU Circular Economy Action Plan, cities and regions in EU member countries start accompanying their circular economy strategies by monitoring frameworks, often called Circular Economy Monitors (CEM). Having the task to assess the performance towards the achievement of set targets and to steer decision-making, CEMs need to rely on a multitude of statistics and datasets. Waste statistics play an important role in circular economy monitoring as they provide insights into the remaining linear part of the economy. The collection of waste statistics is mandated by the European Commission which provides general guidelines on data collection and processing. The Netherlands has one of the most detailed waste registries among the EU countries. The country’s largest metropolitan region, Amsterdam, is currently building a CEM which tracks progress over time towards the set goals, highlights which areas need improvement and estimates target feasibility. This paper uses the Amsterdam CEM as a case-study to explore how the existing system of waste registration in the Netherlands is able to support decision-making. The data is explored with the help of four queries that relate to the CEM’s goals and require data mapping to be answered. The data mapping and analysis process has revealed several limitations present in the waste data collection and a number of gaps present in current circular economy research and data analysis. At the same time, the available data already supports significant insights into the status quo of the current waste system and provides opportunities for circular economy monitoring.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Experiential Learning terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif IPA Siswa SD Mursyidah Surabaya
Authors: Mardiyana Isna Ida , Novitasari Izza
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuana awal siswa berpikir kreatifdan pengaruh model pembelajaran experiential learning terhadap keterampilanberpikir kreatif pada materi energy dan perubahannya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan diSD Mursyidah Surabaya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatifmenggunakan quasi experimental design dengan jenis non-equivalent control groupdesign. Penelitian terdiri atas 50 siswa sebagai sampel, yaitu 25 siswa pada kelaseksperimen dan 25 siswa pada kelas kontrol. Analisis data menggunakan uji t duasampel independent. Hasil kemampuan awal siswa berpikir kreatif menunjukkan nilaipretest klasikal kelas eksperimen 40 dan kelas kontrol 34,8 pada kategori kurangkreatif. Hasil perhitungan posstest uji t keterampilan berpikir kreatif diperoleh thitung =7,183 > ttabel = 2,011, keputusan yang didapat yaitu Ho ditolak maka terdapatperbedaan. Apabila ada perbedaan yang signifikan rata-rata nilai posttest, yaitu nilaiposttest kelas eksperimen lebih besar dari nilai rata-rata posttest kelas control makadapat dinyatakan terdapat pengaruh. Berdasarkan perhitungan tersebut maka dapatdisimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran experiential learning berpengaruh terhadapketerampilan kreatif siswa kelas IV di SD Mursyidah
Fall and Rise of Discourse Connectives: A Cross-language Study
Authors: Sun Kun
Published: February 2022

Recent studies have claimed that the amount of discourse connectives or discourse markers has risen in multiple languages. However, the thesis has seldom been evaluated using comprehensive empirical data evidence. This study investigates the historical changes of frequencies in discourse connectives in the Chinese, English, French, German and Spanish over the last two hundred years. We find that the frequencies of the majority of discourse connectives showed a marked decrease in the latter four languages. These research results show that the frequencies of discourse markers in these languages have not in fact increased over the last two centuries. However, an increase of frequencies can be seen after 1980. Our findings are consistent with the changes of rationality in language recently reported. The current study can make contributions to a better understanding of the changes of human cognitive interest in language.
Intergroup conspiracy theories, leadership styles and uncertainty during the pandemic: Effects on moral leadership and identification with leaders and the moderating role of right-wing authoritarianism
Authors: Gkinopoulos Theofilos , Pagliaro Stefano , Stathi Sofia , Teresi Manuel
Published: February 2022

Conspiracies about domestic governments or foreign countries have dominated the public sphere during the COVID-19 pandemic. Political leaders currently face major challenges, and are portrayed either as conspirators or as targets of conspiracies from other competing countries. In this research, we investigate (a) the effects of group orientation of conspiracy theories, leadership style and uncertainty on perceived moral leadership and identification with the leader; (b) the moderating role of right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) in the association between group orientation of conspiracy theories and moral leadership and identification with the leader. We predicted a three-way interaction between uncertainty, group orientation of conspiracy theories and leadership style on perceived moral leadership and identification with the leader. We also predicted a significant moderation of RWA on the association between group orientation of conspiracy theories and perceived moral leadership and identification with the leader. Deploying a 2 (high vs low uncertainty) x 2 (democratic vs despotic leader) x 2 (in-group vs outgroup conspiracy theory) design (N=480), we found that both orientation of conspiracy theories and leadership style affected moral leadership and identification with the leader, while no effects of uncertainty emerged. Moreover, outgroup orientation of conspiracy positively and significantly predicted perceived moral leadership and identification with the leader only for high level of RWA. Discussion focuses on the intergroup element of conspiracy theories in leadership practices amidst global crises.
"LITERARY THEORY" AS A CHALLENGE TO ACADEMIC LITERARY STUDIES (1960S-1990S). PART 1. THE HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF "LITERARY THEORY"
Authors:   INION RAN, Makhlin Vitaliy
Published: February 2022

The article concerns the phenomenon of so-called «literary theory» in the West in the second half of the twentieth century. While in the first half of the century literary studies (and humanities in general) sought to justify their own autonomy, i.e. independence from other disciplines and systematic philosophy, struggling against the traditions of the nineteenth century, in the second half of the twentieth century literary theory tried to preserve the autonomy principle of «literariness» and at the same time to go beyond this principle by relying on other disciplines (particularly linguistics). Although the achievements of that trend seem to be controversial and problematic, some questions literary theory raised in its own time are still relevant today.
TOUCH THE "TRUTH": POETRY IN FACE OF SCIENCE AND KNOWLEDGE. (REVIEW OF THE SPECIAL ISSUE OF THE JOURNAL "HISTORY. LITERATURE. THEORY")
Authors:   INION RAN, Pakhsaryan Natalia
Published: February 2022

The special issue considers the problem of «poetry and the truth» in historical evolution from Middle Ages (F. Villon) to the present time (Ph. Jaccottet, I. Bonnefoy) and demonstrates a wide variety of relations between poetry and reality, poetry and the truth, imagination and science. The articles in consideration focus on some new aspects of poetics of S. Coleridge and M. Leiris, clarify some paradoxes of poetic journeys in the eighteenth century, explore the specifics of poetic discources of S. Mallarmé and certain features of «deontology» in the poetry of R. Kaillois. The specificity of communication forms due to the process of reading poetry is emphasized.
NEW BOOKS ON NARRATOLOGY. PART 1. THE COMMON SPACE OF THEORY
Authors:   INION RAN, Lozinskaya Evgeniia
Published: February 2022

This review is the first one in a series of reviews and articles on the most noteworthy books on theoretical narratology published in the last five years and aims to outline the common space of narrative theory. The focus is on contemporary narratological theories as they relate to classical ones. Particular attention is paid to the collection of articles by French scholars, given that in France narratology has developed since the decline of structuralism differently than in the English-speaking countries, Germany, and Scandinavia. The review also concerns two books on postcolonial narratology and econarratology, less known branches of postclassical narrative theory.
THE OLFACTORY SPACE OF RUSSIAN LITERATURE: PROBLEMS OF RESEARCH. PART 1. POETRY
Authors:   INION RAN, Yurchenko Tatiana
Published: February 2022

The article is the first part of a series reviewing some recent studies of olfactory imagery in literature - a new trend in literary criticism intensely developed from the beginning of the twenty-first century. Based on a variety of approaches these studies demonstrate a common interest in different types of manifestation of odors in literary texts, in perception of various kinds of smells and aromas and their semantics. This new trend in modern literary studies brought in some new terms as «olfactory space», «olfactory imagery», «odorism», «olfactorium». This part of the reviewing series concerns the Russian poetry studies.
AESTHETICISM OR EGOCENTRICITY? (ON THE "OSCAR WILD" MASK BY IGOR-SEVERYANIN)
Authors: Nikultseva Viktoriya
Published: February 2022

The article critically examines some recent scholarly papers on «Igor-Severyanin and Oscar Wilde». As a young poet, Igor-Severyanin felt like a Doppelganger of the English scandalous esthete, followed the dandyism principles and practiced self-promotion in his own life, which was also reflected in his early poetry. The article criticizes Ya. Galkina's philological analysis of Igor-Severyanin's sonnet «Oscar Wilde. Asso-sonnet» (1911) and examines the same poetic text (its composition, figurative system, conceptuality and subjects) on several language levels (lexico-semantic, phonetic, grammatical and other) at once. At the stylistic level the special attention is paid to some visual and expressive means of creating the O. Wilde's image by Igor-Severyanin: those aspects, being of a certain interest to the scholars interested in the above topic, remain misrepresented or ignored in most recent studies.
ASPECTS OF THE TYPOLOGY AND POETICS OF PARODY IN THE STUDIES OF AMERICAN SLAVISTS ON RUSSIAN LITERATURE OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY
Authors:   INION RAN, Millionshchikova Tatiana
Published: February 2022

The review concentrates on several functions of parody in the Russian writer’s texts of the Golden Age as they are reflected in the Slavic literary studies of the USA. This review focuses on comparative analysis of the texts by N.M. Karamzin, A.S. Pushkin, N.V. Gogol, N.G. Chernyshevsky and F.M. Dostoevsky. The American Slavic researches - R.L. Belknap, M. Greenleaf, M.G. Altshuller, O.A. Meerson, N. Firtich, E. Slivkin and K. Rutsala - reveal and examine various typological and poetical aspects of parody and metaparody in some classical works by Russian writers of the nineteenth century.
ANTIQUARY SOCIETIES IN THE CONTEXT OF EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY BRITISH LITERATURE
Authors:   INION RAN, Kolosova Ekaterina
Published: February 2022

The review considers some preconditions for the foundation of antiquary societies in the eighteenth century and their influence on British poetry; antiquarianism as a phenomenon that contributed to research in the fields of linguistics and literary history, history, sociology. A. Ramsay is also considered as a poet who popularized Scottish folk art and made a great contribution to the scholarly study of the Scottish heritage.
BOOK REVIEW: VERTICAL READINGS IN DANTE’S COMEDY / ED. BY CORBETT G., WEBB H.
Authors:   INION RAN, Lozinskaya Evgeniia
Published: February 2022

Vertical reading of Dante’s Commedia is an exegetic method based on conjoined analysis of the same-numbered cantos from the three canticles. The book has its origin in a series of thirty-three public lectures held in Trinity College, the University of Cambridge in 2012-2016 by leading contemporary Dante scholars. Unlike the first and the second volumes of the book, the third one unites the essays that make the case for avowedly theological readings of the poem.
BOOK REVIEW: HARTMANN P. MARIVAUX, ENTRE IRONIE ET EMPATHIE
Authors:   INION RAN, Pakhsaryan Natalia
Published: February 2022

The reviewed book covers almost all prose and dramatic works of P.K. de Marivaux. Basing on hermeneutic approach P. Hartman analyzes the novels, essays and comedies by Marivaux and reveals the originality of the latter’s experimental metapoetics. Focusing exclusively on some aesthetic and stylistic features of the Marivaux’s texts (without involving any sociocultural aspects) the French scholar brings to light the specifics of interaction between empathy and irony by Marivaux, originality of his aesthetic humanism, and demonstrates the integrity of the whole corpus of his texts showing close connection between his preferred techniques of aesthetic play and the literary style in all the works under consideration.