bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
As adaptações de João Ribeiro em “História do Brasil”
Authors: Mendonça Joabe França
Published: February 2024

“História do Brasil” de João Ribeiro é de grande importância na história dos livros didáticos, pois foi adotado pelos principais colégios do país no início do século XX, além de ter influenciado diversas gerações. Tal extensão advém de sua capacidade de síntese e à interpretação, e é neste último ponto um de seus destaques. Ribeiro esquivou-se da história tradicional (que dava ênfase às questões administrativas). Embebecido pelo historicismo germânico, instituiu na história do Brasil o estudo de aspectos socioculturais, o que fez com seu livro se tornasse um grande sucesso no mercado editorial. O livro foi direcionado para diversos cursos: superior (níveis normal e secundário) e inferior (nível primário). Atualmente muitos estudiosos se debruçam sob o trabalho de Ribeiro, porém as análises a respeito de suas adaptações ainda são escassas, e as diferenças entre as distintas edições da obra ainda precisam ser analisadas. A presente pesquisa parte em primeiro momento da significância da obra e do autor destacado, e posteriormente chegamos ao objetivo central: a análise comparativa da adaptação do livro para o curso primário e do “original” para o curso superior. Esperamos com a pesquisa reafirmar a importância de Ribeiro na história dos livros didáticos, além de estudar a obra como um objeto físico.
Anita Malfatti como retratista: análise das relações entre a pintora e os retratados nos anos 1930-1940
Authors: Viana Morgana Souza
Published: February 2024

O artigo procura estabelecer a conexão entre os retratos que Anita Malfatti realizou nos anos de 1930/1940 e as relações pessoais e profissionais que levaram a produção desses quadros. Através da análise e catalogação de documentos no Fundo Marta Rossetti Batista, no Arquivo do IEB-USP, pretendeu-se encontrar dados das relações entre a pintora e os retratados, separando-os em categorias: amigos, familiares e encomendas. Através de catalogação, interpretação e transcrição de documentos, realizou-se análises dos dados e se construiu esquemas de relações pessoais e sociais. Os documentos encontrados trazem diversos dados biográficos sobre estes indivíduos e revelam um projeto de Anita Malfatti para se inserir no mercado de arte de forma mais lucrativa. A partir de influências, como Cândido Portinari, a quantidade de retratos feitos no período demonstram uma relação diferente entre a artista e o mercado de arte da época, um reflexo de sua situação financeira não favorável e uma nova visão sobre uma figura tão martirizada pelos teóricos do modernismo brasileiro.
Trabalho e mobilidade geográfica: as contradições dos debates sobre a questão migratória na contemporaneidade
Authors: Cardoso Camilie
Published: February 2024

No presente artigo, pretendo evidenciar a existência de uma relação matricial entre a ideologia ocidentalista, as políticas restritivas de controle dos fluxos migratórios para os grandes centros globais e a consequente marginalização dessas comunidades. Para tanto, elucidarei as teses dos autores Thomas Malthus, Ernest G. Ravenstein e Max Sorre, com as quais procurarei traçar um panorama sobre o ideário que fundamentou ou reafirmou o discurso presente na concepção liberal sobre a mobilidade do trabalho. Partindo de um viés estruturalistae da caracterização da mobilidade geográfica como um processo decorrente das contradições sistêmicas — das quais se originam a desestabilização social, o desemprego em massa e a pauperização de grande parcela da população mundial —, proponho discutir a respeito da articulação entre os movimentos migratórios e as estruturas mercadológicas.
Entre o perdão e o alijamento: a prescrição da excomunhão por Martín Pérez na Castela do século XIV
Authors: Cruz Rodolfo Nogueira
Published: February 2024

O artigo apresentado tem como objetivo analisar a obra Libro de las Confesiones de Martín Pérez focando nas prescrições sobre o Sacramento da Penitencia. O manual de confessores escrito por volta de 1316 é fundamental para a compreensão da relação entre os escritos teológicos, o baixo clero e o publico de fiéis, sendo este especialmente direcionado aos clérigos de pouca ciência que atendiam as confissões. Com a mudança de visão a respeito dos sacramentos e do poder jurídico religioso em 1215, com o IV concílio de Latrão, a obra de Pérez aparece com uma grande difusão a partir do número de traduções em que foram encontradas na península Ibérica, tanto no mosteiro de Alcobaça em Portugal como no reino de Castela. Pretende-se deste modo analisar a prática da exclusão dentro de uma sociedade religiosa por meio da relação entre o excluído e o responsável por aplicar a pena. Leva-se em consideração que o a obra será tratada em nossa abordagem por se mostrar um instrumento privilegiado de análise de certas tramas históricas que serviram no processo de ordenação social do século XIV. O afastamento do fiel de sua sociedade afetava toda a vida do excluído, tanto publicamente quanto intimamente, além de reforçar na memória do fiel o jogo social em que estava incluso. O desenvolvimento da literatura em uma escrita local aponta para a ideia de que a especificidade da prática existia em âmbito local, apesar da circulação do escrito e da difusão da ideia pastoral da Igreja.
Dawn of snake sociality: resource defence and social behaviours of Lycodon semicarinatus foraging on sea turtles
Authors: Matsumoto Kazumasa , Mori Akira
Published: February 2024

Snakes are traditionally considered to be the least social among non-avian reptiles. Therefore, social behaviours that are not related to mating have rarely been studied in wild snakes. Nonetheless, in two species of snakes, Lycodon semicarinatus and Oligodon formosanus, intraspecific interactions unrelated to mating have been reported among individuals that forage on sea turtles and cluster around sea turtle nests. In this study, we conducted a field survey on L. semicarinatus on a sandy beach on Okinawa Island for four years by route census and fixed videography to quantify interactions between individuals that occurred at sea turtle nests. Snakes repelled conspecifics from the nest by using a ritual combat dance. Whether the snakes attacked the conspecific depended on the opponent at the nest. Some snakes waited for the conspecific to leave the nest. This decision-making may be based on individual recognition by chemical cues, because the snakes exhibited frequent tongue-flicking toward the occupant before contacting. Their tongue-flicking duration was significantly longer when the subsequent response was attacking than when it was fleeing. These intraspecific interactions imply the occurrence of territoriality and suggest the possible occurrence of a dominance hierarchy in L. semicarinatus. A comparison of L. semicarinatus with a previous study on O. formosanus revealed that they express different social interactions, although the two species use a similar feeding environment. Oligodon formosanus removes conspecifics from the nest by simply biting, but L. semicarinatus competed for the priority to access the nest by combat dance, and its decision-making whether to challenge the combat dance changed flexibly depending on the opponent. In addition, several L. semicarinatus that did not challenge the combat dance waited for hours near the opponent that were foraging on the nest. Lycodon semicarinatus exhibited behaviours to avoid encounter and fights with conspecific individuals. Although there are differences in the social level between the two snake species, the exploitation of a food resource that contains large numbers of prey in one place, such as sea turtle nests, may be an ecological factor that favours the evolutionary development of social behaviours in solitary snakes.
Reflections on the Qaṭna Letters TT1–5 (II): Hittite God-Napping in Syria
Authors: Torrecilla Eduardo
Published: February 2024

This article discusses and attempts to contextualize a few references to the practice of god-napping in the Qaṭna letters TT2–5 and in the Amarna letter EA 55. The references to god-napping in said letters enrich the debate on why the New Hittite Kingdom historiography, as opposed to the Old Hittite one, does not mention this practice, since the texts were probably written during or in the wake of Šuppiluliuma’s First Syrian War (ca. 1340). It is posited that the god-napping actions reflected in the texts concerning the fall of Qaṭna obeyed not only religious but also political and strategic motivations. God-napping was used whenever the New Hittite empire considered that it benefitted its strategic and cultic interests, even though it was no longer recorded by the Hittite historiography.
You Can’t Make an Omelette without Breaking an Egg. Surveying Submerged Paleo-terrains with a Mechanical Excavator
Authors: Fiedler Klara , Thomsen Mikkel H. , Pedersen Kirsti
Published: February 2024

Preserved Stone Age sites and prehistoric landscapes under water can often be challenging to find and access for archaeologists. In consequence, the Viking Ship Museum has, within recent years, frequently used mechanical excavators in archaeological surveys to find and delineate Stone Age sites and prehistoric landscape features. In this article, the authors provide an overview of the introduction of mechanical excavators in maritime archaeology. The respective advantages and limitations of the method are then discussed in light of different scientific and practical considerations. Finally, as a case study, we present our proposed best practice for the method using the recent archaeological survey at the development-led project of Lynetteholmen, Copenhagen. The authors conclude that using mechanical excavators to survey paleo-landscapes is a very effective but potentially destructive method. Most importantly, the method provides access to sediment depths and areas that are inaccessible to divers alone.
Reconstructing the Underwater Topography in the Medieval Harbour of Oslo
Authors: Grue Marja-Liisa Petrelius , van Riel Sjoerd , Wammer Elling Utvik
Published: February 2024

Many known factors are continuously affecting and changing the landscape. This can lead to challenges in interpreting archaeological remains found underwater, or in areas that used to be underwater, when their depth below the water surface at the time of deposition is unknown. This article is an attempt to investigate if it is possible to reconstruct how the underwater (submarine) landscape might have looked in Oslo in the Late Middle Ages based on data gathered in an archaeological excavation at site B8a. Calculating the known parameters that affect the underwater topography in Oslo – land uplift, sea level change, subsidence of the ground, and technical adjustment of mean sea level – resulted in a model. This model of the seabed around AD 1400 is based on up-to-date information and shows that it is possible to create a relevant framework for archaeological interpretation. Yet, there are challenges like the degree of inaccuracy of the data used, where our calculations end up with an uncertainty range of around ± 0.64 m.
Køge 2. A Clinker-built Shipwreck from the Medieval Harbour of Køge, Zealand, Denmark
Authors: Færch-Jensen Jeppe , Daly Aoife
Published: February 2024

The development of a new cityscape in the old industrial harbour known as ‘Sønder Havn’ in Køge in eastern Zealand led in the summer of 2018 to the finding of a clinker-built shipwreck. The ship had been built in the 1520s, exclusively from oak, and had undergone a reinforcement in the stem some ten years after the initial building phase, hereby adding an extra outer layer of clinker planks and five riders on top of the floor timbers. The extensive dendrochronological analysis showed that the planks had been felled in the eastern Baltic area, while the floor timbers and the keel of the vessel were from somewhere in the vicinity of the Rhine’s mouth. Of the ship, only the parts below the waterline were preserved, partly due to the groundwater level but probably equally due to salvaging shortly after wrecking.
Errata for Phylonyms: A Companion to the PhyloCode
Authors: Cantino Philip D. , De Queiroz Kevin , Gauthier Jacques A.
Published: February 2024

The editors of Phylonyms (de Queiroz et al. 2020) would like to make some corrections.
Two new species of Cameraria Chapman (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) associated with Salix or Cornus in Japan
Authors: SAWADA MASAYASU , YOSHIZAWA KAZUNORI , OHSHIMA ISSEI
Published: February 2024

Two new species of the genus Cameraria Chapman, 1902, Cameraria riparia sp. nov. and Cameraria corni sp. nov., are described from Japan. Larval setal maps, illustrations and/or photographs of wing patterns, wing venations and genitalia are provided for both species, and the systematic positions of the two species are discussed based on their morphologies. The larvae of C. riparia feed on Salix spp. and make blotch mines, whereas C. corni larvae feed on Cornus kousa subsp. kousa and make linear blotch mines. C. riparia was collected on Hokkaido and Honshu Islands, and considerable differences in the male genital characters were detected between the two populations. However, a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the COI barcode region indicated that there was no clear genetic differentiation between the two populations (maximum divergence, 1.41%). C. corni was collected on Honshu and Kyushu Islands, and this is the first record of the trophic association of Lithocolletinae with Cornaceae.
Two new species of Monopisthocotyla (Dactylogyridea: Dactylogyridae) parasitizing the nasal cavities of Bryconops melanurus (Characiformes: Iguanodectidae) from coastal drainages of the Eastern Amazon, Brazil
Authors: SANTOS-NETO JOÃO F. , PAIXÃO SAYMON M. , DOMINGUES MARCUS V.
Published: February 2024

The present study integrates molecular and morphological data to support the proposal of new species of Telethecium Kritsky, Van Every & Boeger, 1996 and Diaphorocleidus Jogunoori, Kritsky & Venkatanarasaiah, 2004 from the nasal cavities of Bryconops melanurus (Bloch) of the coastal drainages of the Eastern Amazon. Telethecium tiquira sp. n. is characterized by possessing a male copulatory organ (MCO) with two circular sclerotized brims on the base, a coiled tubular shaft having 1 ½ counterclockwise rings, an accessory piece with enlarged base, pincer-shaped at the distal portion; a sclerotized calyx-shaped vaginal vestibule, and hooks with proximal shank dilatation comprising 3/4 of the shank length. Also, Telethecium tiquira sp. n. can be easily distinguished from other species of the genus by the absence of a protruding bag located at the level of the copulatory complex. Diaphorocleidus forficata sp. n. is characterized by having a MCO with two counterclockwise rings, circular sclerotized tandem brim associated with the base of the MCO; accessory piece non-articulated with the MCO, bifurcate, pincer-shaped; vaginal pore sinistral-ventral with opening marginal, vaginal canal sclerotized, elongated, comprising one loop in the proximal portion before entering to the seminal receptacle; ventral anchor with shaft elongated and evenly curved on the axis; point short and slightly curved, and hooks similar in shape and size, hooks with proximal dilatation comprising approximately ½ of the shank length. Furthermore, D. forficata sp. n. is supported by phylogenetic analysis based on sequences of the partial 28S rDNA gene, which placed D. forficata sp. n. in a well-supported clade of Diaphorocleidus spp. of characiform fishes. Thus, the two new species described here expand our knowledge about the diversity of monopisthocotylan parasites from the nasal cavities of Neotropical fishes. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the biodiversity of the region and highlight the importance of further research in this area.
Revision of the bark louse genus Bicuspidatus (Psocodea: Peripsocidae) with description of a new species from China
Authors: CAO LERAN , LIU XINGYUE
Published: February 2024

Bicuspidatus is a small genus of the family Peripsocidae, erected by Li (1993) with B. pulchipunctatus as the type species. Adults of this genus can be easily distinguished from other peripsocids by the phallosome with bicuspid apical process in males or by the subgenital plate with modestly elongated, distally bilobed posterior lobe in females. Bicuspidatus currently comprises three species: B. guangdongensis Li, 1993, B. pulchipunctatus Li, 1993 and B. sigillatus Li, 1993, all are known only from Guangdong Province, China. According to previous studies, these three species can be distinguished by the markings on the forewings and a few characteristics of phallosome (Li 1993, 2002). In this study, we present a taxonomic revision of Bicuspidatus based on examination of 40 specimens collected from various localities, including the type specimens of B. guangdongensis, B. pulchipunctatus and B. sigillatus. Furthermore, 12 of them were used for molecular analyses based on partial sequences of COI gene. As a result, B. guangdongensis and B. sigillatus are here considered as junior synonyms of B. pulchipunctatus. We redescribe B. pulchipunctatus and describe a new species from Xizang Autonomous Region, China. An updated distribution map and a revised key to the species of Bicuspidatus are also provided.
A New Rotating Axes Method for Processing High-Resolution Horizontal Velocity Measurements on EM-APEX floats
Authors: Hsu Je-Yuan
Published: February 2024

A new rotating axes method (RAM) is developed to improve the vertical resolution of the horizontal current velocity measurements u at EM-APEX floats. Unlike the traditional harmonic fitting method (HFM), which yields u averaged in 50-s intervals, RAM decodes and interprets 1-Hz measurements of horizontal seawater velocity , and averages in 12-s windows for removing wind waves with a typical peak frequency ∼ 0.12 Hz. Estimates of u from RAM agree with those from HFM but with a higher vertical resolution of ∼1.5 m, 4 times better than HFM. Note that extracting float signals due to seawater motion needs to assume slow-varying voltage offset ΔΦoffset. The typical variations of estimated ΔΦoffset do not affect the results of u significantly. Estimates of u are excluded when ΔΦoffset fluctuates strongly in time and scatter significantly. RAM is applied to float measurements taken near Mien-Hua Canyon, Taiwan. Composite vertical shear spectra Ψ computed using u from RAM exhibit a spectral slope of −1, as expected for the saturated internal waves in the vertical fine-scale range. The RAM provides EM-APEX float’s horizontal velocity measurements into fine vertical scales and will help improve our understanding of energy cascade from internal wave breaking and shear instability into turbulence mixing.
Study on correlation prediction model for static explosion and dynamic explosion shock wave pressure
Authors: Wang Liangquan , Kong Deren
Published: February 2024

In actual combat, the attack of the warhead on the target is a dynamic process, and there is a significant difference in shock wave pressure between dynamic and static explosions of ammunition, while dynamic explosions are more in line with actual combat situations. Therefore, conducting research on the distribution law of dynamic explosion shock wave pressure in ammunition has more practical value for evaluating the damage power of ammunition and guiding its use. This study used the display explosion dynamics simulation software AUTODYN to conduct simulation analysis on the pressure distribution patterns of static and dynamic explosion shock waves, clarifying the differences in pressure distribution between dynamic and static explosions. Considering the factors that affect the distribution law of dynamic explosion shock wave pressure, a BP neural network based correlation prediction model for static and dynamic explosion shock wave pressure was constructed, and the prediction accuracy of the model was verified. The analysis results indicate that the pressure distribution of dynamic explosion shock waves has a significant velocity tendency; The prediction accuracy of the static and dynamic shock wave pressure correlation prediction model based on BP neural network is better than 90.7%. The research results have improved the accuracy of the calculation of dynamic explosion shock wave pressure in warheads, providing effective calculation methods and scientific data support for the calculation of dynamic explosion shock wave pressure and the evaluation of damage power.
P. gingivalis–Induced TLR2 Interactome Analysis Reveals Association with PARP9
Authors: Pandi K. , Angabo S. , Makkawi H. , Benyamini H. , Elgavish S. , Nussbaum G.
Published: February 2024

Porphyromonas gingivalis is a Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium strongly associated with periodontal disease. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is indispensable for the host response to P. gingivalis, but P. gingivalis escapes from immune clearance via TLR2-dependent activation of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K). To probe the TLR2-dependent escape pathway of P. gingivalis, we analyzed the TLR2 interactome induced following P. gingivalis infection or activation by a synthetic lipopeptide TLR2/1 agonist on human macrophages overexpressing TLR2. Interacting proteins were stabilized by cross-linking and then immunoprecipitated and analyzed by mass spectrometry. In total, 792 proteins were recovered and network analysis enabled mapping of the TLR2 interactome at baseline and in response to infection. The P. gingivalis infection-induced TLR2 interactome included the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family member mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase protein 9 (PARP9) and additional members of the PARP9 complex (DTX3L and NMI). PARP9 and its complex members are highly upregulated in macrophages exposed to P. gingivalis or to the synthetic TLR2/1 ligand Pam3Cys-Ser-(Lys)4 (PAM). Consistent with its known role in virally induced interferon production, PARP9 knockdown blocked type I interferon (IFN-I) production in response to P. gingivalis and reduced inflammatory cytokine production. We found that P. gingivalis drives signal transducer and activation of transcription (STAT) 1 (S727) phosphorylation through TLR2-PARP9, explaining PARP9’s role in the induction of IFN-I downstream of TLR2. Furthermore, PARP9 knockdown reduced PI3K activation by P. gingivalis, leading to improved macrophage bactericidal activity. In summary, PARP9 is a novel TLR2 interacting partner that enables IFN-I induction and P. gingivalis immune escape in macrophages downstream of TLR2 sensing.
What Drives Opposition to Social Rights for Immigrants? Clarifying the Role of Psychological Predispositions
Authors: Knotz Carlo M , Taylor Alyssa M , Gandenberger Mia K , Chueri Juliana
Published: February 2024

Why do people oppose granting social rights to immigrants? Previous research indicates that psychological predispositions such as authoritarianism or ethnocentrism are strong drivers, but our understanding of their roles is still incomplete. This is in part because studies have not yet systematically tested different psychological variables against other, but also in part because some other potentially important predispositions such as implicit bias and social dominance orientation have so far been overlooked. We address this gap using original data from survey experiments conducted in six countries (Denmark, Germany, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States). We find consistent effects of ethnocentrism and social dominance orientation, a less robust effect of authoritarianism and no effect of implicit bias. In substantive terms, we find that a belief in ethnocentric stereotypes and a desire for dominance are the central factors driving opposition to immigrants’ social rights.
Research on force/position switching control of servo actuator for hydraulically driven joint robot
Authors: Gao Bingwei , Wang Yongkang , Han Wenlong , Xue Shilong
Published: February 2024

According to the robot’s walking motion characteristics, the position/force switching control is studied to realize the segmental control of the robot stroke. This stroke is controlled by position when the foot end of the robot descends from the suspension to the ground. To avoid excessive contact force when the robot touches the ground, force control is carried out when the foot touches the ground. Due to the force and position control methods and control parameters of the hydraulic quadruped robots are different, the precise mathematical model for the joint position control and joint force control of the leg joints of the hydraulic quadruped robot is established using the system identification method. A fuzzy multi-model switching algorithm is proposed to solve the problem of jumping and jitter of system parameters in the process of force/position switching. Through simulation and prototype experiments, fuzzy multi-model switching is compared with direct switching and multi-model switching, and the switching effect of the algorithm is verified.
Vision-based UAV adaptive tracking control for moving targets with velocity observation
Authors: Shi Lintao , Li Baoquan , Shi Wuxi
Published: February 2024

An adaptive image-based visual servoing (IBVS) controller is designed for a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to achieve robust tracking for moving targets, under underactuation and tight coupling constraints of UAV kinematics. Specifically, image features are selected from perspective image moments of a planar target to obtain virtual feature dynamics regarding UAV kinematics and dynamics. By constructing an auxiliary variable, a translational velocity observer for moving target is constructed by using virtual image features. An IBVS tracking controller is designed without target geometric information by combining UAV and visual feature dynamics. Designed controller and observer make the UAV robustly reach desired height and track the moving target, despite uncertainty of target movement. The controller has asymptotical convergence performance, and the target velocity is observed according to Lyapunov stability analysis. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method has smoother and more accurate performance in motion tracking and target velocity prediction under system uncertainty.
Effects of Marital Status on Hypopharynx Squamous Cell Carcinoma Survival Stratified by Demographic and Pathological Factors: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Yujiao , You Dan , Hu Chaosu
Published: February 2024

Objectives: Understanding the interaction between marital status and gender, race, and age is important for developing tailored interventions aimed at improving socio-emotional support for patients. Therefore, the objective of this study is to explore the correlation between marital status and hypopharynx squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and whether the association varied by age, race, and gender. Methods: We examined the clinicopathological variables using chi-squared tests and we evaluated the association between survival and different variables using the methods of Kaplan-Meier. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the effects of each variable on survival. Results: A total of 1686 patients were analyzed. The rate of being married was lower among African American, and this rate decreased with higher tumor stage. While both married male and female survivors benefit from their marital status, subgroups analysis shows a differential in overall survival (OS) based on gender, with males benefiting more than females. Patients who were divorced/separated [male hazard ratio (HR) = 1.214, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.985-1.495; female HR = 1. 159, 95% CI: 0.691-1.945], never married (male HR = 1.476, 95% CI: 1.234-1.765; female HR = 1.422, 95% CI: 0.901-2.245), and widowed (male HR = 1.795, 95% CI: 1.390-2.317; female HR = 1.663, 95% CI: 1.081-2.559) had increased hazard of OS compared with married/partnered patients. The effect of marital status was significantly associated with treatment outcome only in Caucasian patients who harbored well/moderately differentiated and nonmetastatic disease ( P < .001). Conclusion: While there are survival benefits for married patients with hypopharynx SCC, married/partnered males may benefit more than females. Age, race, and gender could affect the correlation between marital status and survival.
Nasal Lobular Capillary Hemangioma During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lozano-Burga Yenny , Diaz-Arocutipa Carlos
Published: February 2024

Objective: To perform a systematic review of published cases of nasal lobular capillary hemangioma (LCH) during pregnancy. Data Source: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and LILACS. Review Methods: We searched electronic databases from inception to June 30, 2022. Case report and case series that reported clinical data on nasal LCH during pregnancy were included. Categorical variables were expressed as proportions and numerical variables as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range). Results: Twenty-three studies (20 case reports and 3 case series) involving 29 patients were included. The mean age was 30.5 ± 5.3 years. A total of 62% cases were diagnosed in the third trimester of pregnancy. The most frequent (62%) location of LCH was the nasal septum. All cases presented with epistaxis. A total of 48% cases were treated by surgical excision after delivery and the recurrence was 11%. Conclusion: Our review shows that nasal LCH during pregnancy usually manifests in the third trimester. This lesion can be treated by surgical excision with a relatively low risk of recurrence.
Evaluating methodological enhancements to the Yes/No Angoff standard-setting method in language proficiency assessment
Authors: Fechter Tia M. , Yoon Heeyeon
Published: February 2024

This study evaluated the efficacy of two proposed methods in an operational standard-setting study conducted for a high-stakes language proficiency test of the U.S. government. The goal was to seek low-cost modifications to the existing Yes/No Angoff method to increase the validity and reliability of the recommended cut scores using a convergent mixed-methods study design. The study used the Yes/No ratings as the baseline method in two rounds of ratings, while differentiating the two methods by incorporating item maps and an Ordered Item Booklet, each of which is an integral tool of the Mapmark and the Bookmark methods. The results showed that the internal validity evidence is similar across both methods, especially after Round 2 ratings. When procedural validity evidence was considered, however, a preference emerged for the method where panelists conducted the initial ratings unbeknownst to the empirical item difficulty information, and then such information was provided on an item map as part of the Round 1 feedback. The findings highlight the importance of evaluating both internal and procedural validity evidence when considering standard-setting methods.
Start-ups within entrepreneurial ecosystems: Transition towards a circular economy
Authors: Klofsten Magnus , Kanda Wisdom , Bienkowska Dzamila , Bocken Nancy , Mian Sarfraz , Lamine Wadid
Published: February 2024

This article explores the role of start-ups within entrepreneurial ecosystems in driving the transition towards a circular economy. It emphasises the importance of understanding and supporting circular start-ups for broader sustainability impacts. Unlike established firms, start-ups can readily adopt ambitious circular business models (CBMs) without the risk of business model cannibalisation and with the agility to adapt to market trends. CBMs enhance value creation, delivery and capture resource flows in an optimised non-linear fashion. Scaling up CBMs is crucial for overall economic, social and environmental benefits. Hence, leveraging the key entrepreneurial ecosystems actors, such as universities, business incubators and related venture development intermediaries, is vital for start-up support. In this special issue, we have invited researchers to submit contributions that delve into the dynamics among start-ups, entrepreneurial ecosystems and the circular economy, aiming to enrich our understanding of the early stage start-up development process with the aim of promoting the circular economy at a firm, regional or national level.
‘People don’t realise how much their past experiences affect them in adulthood’: A qualitative study of adult siblings’ experiences of growing-up with a sister/brother with a childhood life-limiting condition and their perceived support needs
Authors: Kirk Susan , Pryjmachuk Steven
Published: February 2024

Background:

There is a lack of research about the experiences and impact of having a sibling with a life-limiting condition. Studies focus on the sibling experience during childhood but the experience and impact during adulthood is unknown despite the increased life-expectancy of children with life-limiting conditions.

Aim:

To explore adult siblings’ perspectives on the experience of having a sister/brother with a childhood life-limiting condition and to identify their perceived needs and preferences for support.

Design:

A qualitative exploratory study design with data generated by semi-structured interviews and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, underpinned by interpretivism.

Setting/participants:

Twenty-two siblings (17–42 years old) were recruited via a children’s hospice in England.

Results:

The experience of having a sibling with a life-limiting condition changes over time in response to how understandings of the meaning of a life-limiting condition develop and changing roles/relationships with parents and siblings. These experiences have an enduring impact on adult sibling’s mental health which is compounded by their unmet (and sometimes unrecognised) support needs in adolescence and adulthood. Siblings described the importance of support continuing into adulthood with a focus on the provision of psychotherapy and peer support.

Conclusions:

Having a sister/brother with a childhood life-limiting condition appeared to have a significant and ongoing impact on adult siblings but their support needs, particularly for psychotherapy and peer support, are overlooked. The findings highlight the importance of ensuring siblings are included in family assessments and that family-based interventions are developed to promote sibling-parent relationships.
Tranexamic Acid for Rotator Cuff Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Hurley Eoghan T. , Rodriguez Kaitlyn , Karavan Mark P. , Levin Jay M. , Helmkamp Joshua , Anakwenze Oke , Alaia Michael J. , Klifto Christopher S.
Published: February 2024

Background:

Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been conducted to assess the use of tranexamic acid (TXA) in the setting of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR). However, these studies have shown mixed results, with some showing improved intraoperative visualization, subsequent operative times, and pain levels, and others finding no difference.

Purpose:

To perform a systematic review of the RCTs in the literature to evaluate the use of TXA on ARCR.

Study Design:

Meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 1.

Methods:

Two independent reviewers performed the literature search based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, with a third author resolving any discrepancies. RCTs comparing TXA with a control in ARCR were included. Visualization, postoperative pain, operative time, pump pressures, and shoulder swelling were evaluated. A P value < .05 was deemed statistically significant.

Results:

Six RCTs with 450 patients were included in this review. Overall, 5 studies evaluated intraoperative visualization, with 3 studies finding a significant difference in favor of TXA. With TXA, patients had a lower mean postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) score of 3.3, and with the control, patients had a mean VAS score of 4.1, which was statistically significant ( P = .001). With TXA, the mean weighted operation time was 79.3 minutes, and with the control, the mean operation time was 88.8 minutes, which was statistically significant ( P = .001). No study found any difference in intraoperative pump pressures or swelling.

Conclusion:

TXA improved visualization, operative time, and subsequent postoperative pain levels in patients undergoing ARCR.
MRI Assessment of Tendon Graft After Lateral Ankle Ligament Reconstruction: Does Ligamentization Exist?
Authors: Cordier Guillaume , Boudahmane Sofiane , Ovigue Jordan , Michels Frederick , Araujo Nunes Gustavo , Dallaudiere Benjamin
Published: February 2024

Background:

No description exists in the literature about the normal evolution of tendon graft after a lateral ankle ligament (LAL) reconstruction.

Purpose:

To assess the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics and the evolution of the tendon graft during different moments in the follow-up after an endoscopic reconstruction of the LAL.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

This prospective study included 37 consecutive patients who underwent an endoscopic reconstruction of the LAL with an autograft using the gracilis tendon to treat chronic ankle instability (CAI) resistant to nonoperative treatment (CAI group) and 16 patients without ankle instability (control group). All patients in the CAI group underwent a postoperative assessment at 6, 12, and 24 months using the Karlsson score and MRI examination. Only patients with good and excellent results were included in the study. Graft assessment consisted of qualitative measurements and quantitative evaluations of the reconstructed anterior talofibular ligament (RATFL) and reconstructed calcaneofibular ligament (RCFL), including signal-to-noise quotient (SNQ) and contrast-to-noise quotient (CNQ) measurements in proton density–fat suppressed (PD-FS) and T1-weighted sequences. The analysis of variance test was used to compare the SNQ and the CNQ at different time points for each sequence.

Results:

The MRI signal at 6 months was increased compared with that of the control group. Next, a significant signal decrease from 6 to 24 months was noted on PD-FS and T1-weighted images. SNQ measurements on PD-FS weighted images for both the RATFL and the RCFL demonstrated a significantly higher signal ( P < .01 and P = .01, respectively) at 6 months compared with that of the control group. Subsequently, the signal decreased from 6 to 24 months. Similarly, CNQ measurements on PD-FS weighted images for both the RATFL and the RCFL demonstrated a significantly higher signal ( P < .01 and P < .01, respectively) at 6 months compared with that of the control group. Subsequently, the signal decreased from 6 to 24 months.

Conclusion:

The present study demonstrated an evolution of the MRI characteristics, suggesting a process of graft maturation toward ligamentization. This is important for clinical practice, as it suggests an evolution in graft properties and supports the possibility of creating a viable ligament.
Explaining the Relationship Between Intimate Partner Violence Victimization and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Status in Transgender and Nonbinary Individuals
Authors: Ingold Kimberly A. , Teasdale Brent
Published: February 2024

Study Questions: Previous research has shown that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status and intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization are correlated. Furthermore, it has been consistently reported that transgender individuals are at an increased risk of experiencing IPV victimization and testing positive for HIV compared to cisgender individuals. However, past research examining the potential explanations for the correlation between HIV status and IPV victimization in transgender individuals using a large and inclusive sample is nonexistent. Subjects: A total of 12,592 transgender and nonbinary individuals from across the United States were included in the analyses. Methods: Through a bivariate probit analysis of data from the 2015 U.S. Transgender Survey, this study examines potential explanations for the association between HIV and IPV victimization in a sample of transgender individuals. Findings: The results support previous research, which indicates that a transgender individual’s HIV status is significantly correlated with their likelihood to experience IPV victimization. Additionally, a participant’s involvement in sex work and other risk-taking behaviors, such as binge drinking, was found to, in part, explain this co-occurring relationship. Other variables, such as coercive control and prescription drug misuse, were found to correlate significantly with IPV victimization but not HIV status. The relationships between participants’ demographic variables, such as their race, sexuality, sex assigned at birth, IPV victimization, and HIV status, were examined and discussed as well. Implications: We conclude that it is imperative for LGBTQ + organizations to provide services aimed at protecting transgender individuals suffering from IPV victimization who have also tested positive for HIV through increased accessibility of care and a deeper understanding of the potential relationships in which a person may be involved. This type of outreach would likely be an important first step in allowing transgender individuals to feel safer in their romantic relationships while simultaneously encouraging safe sex practices and a healthy lifestyle, which would increase overall quality of life.
Changes in Obesity Prevalence Among U.S. Adults After the COVID-19 Pandemic by State and Territorial Stay-at-Home Order Level and Sociodemographic Characteristics
Authors: Cho Beomyoung , Pan Yining , Chapman McKinley , Spaulding Aaron , Stallings-Smith Sericea
Published: February 2024

Purpose

To examine changes in obesity prevalence among US adults after the COVID-19 pandemic by level of stay-at-home order and sociodemographic characteristics.

Design

Quasi-experimental study using repeated cross-sectional data.

Setting

Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS).

Sample

Pooled data for US adults ages ≥26 years (n = 1,107,673) from BRFSS (2018-2021).

Measures

States/territories were classified into three levels of stay-at-home order: none, advisory/only for persons at risk, or mandatory for all. Individual-level sociodemographic characteristics were self-reported.

Analysis

The difference-in-differences method was conducted with weighted multiple logistic regression analysis to examine obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2) prevalence by stay-at-home order level and sociodemographic characteristics before/after the COVID-19 pandemic (January 2018-February 2020 vs March 2020-February 2022).

Results

After adjusting for a secular trend and multiple covariates, adults in states/territories with mandatory stay-at-home orders experienced a larger increase in obesity prevalence (adjusted odds ratio: 1.05; 95% confidence interval: 1.01, 1.11) than adults in states/territories with no stay-at-home order. Younger adults (vs ≥65 years) and individuals with <high school education (vs ≥4-year college) experienced larger increases in obesity prevalence.

Conclusion

Increases in obesity prevalence were perpetuated 2 years after implementation of stay-at-home orders, indicating that longer-term health implications are co-occurring during the pandemic recovery period. Future research should focus on successful methods for staying active and healthy during social distancing and beyond.
Calculate the ignition height of the vertical landing phase online for the reusable rocket
Authors: Cheng Guanghui , Jing Wuxing , Gao Changsheng
Published: February 2024

For the vertical landing phase of the reusable rocket, in order to improve the landing accuracy with consideration of multiple uncertainties, a novel strategy to calculate the ignition height online is proposed based on polynomial guidance law (PGL), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and deep reinforcement learning (DRL). Firstly, a deep neural network (DNN) is designed to describe the relationship between the state of the reusable rocket and the ignition height. To accomplish the guidance task of the vertical landing phase, PGL is modified by introducing the estimated aerodynamic acceleration. Through simulation, the output range of the DNN is estimated by the modified PSO. Then, the reward function is shaped and the parameters of the DNN are trained on a training set of simulation scenarios by the DRL algorithm. Finally, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, the trained DNN is used to calculate the ignition height of 1500 unlearned simulation scenarios online. The numerical simulation results show that the proposed strategy has higher landing accuracy and lower fuel consumption than the offline strategy of fixed ignition height based on the modified PSO.
Rapid trajectory generation for quadrotor with limited motor speed
Authors: Shao Shikai , Guo Yi , Zhao Yuanjie
Published: February 2024

Planning a safe and dynamic flyable trajectory for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is the precondition for autonomous flight. Considering environmental complexity and flight safety under limited motor speed, we proposed a new time-segmented trajectory planning method, which can ensure motor speed within the allowable range and achieve safe flight. Firstly, the candidate trajectory for quadrotor UAV is expressed by high-order polynomials. Herein, polynomial is used as the expression of trajectory, and nonlinear programming (NLP) is used to calculate polynomial coefficient. Then, two strategies and an initial value calculation method are proposed to improve the efficiency of NLP. Furthermore, aiming at the problem that the initial trajectory of UAV motor cannot meet the current speed limit constraint after the motor speed drops, an adjustment strategy based on feasible trajectory is designed. The method presented in this paper not only enhances flexibility of the flight process, improves solving efficiency of the algorithm but also enables UAV to continue flying when the motor speed is limited. Finally, simulation analysis and comparison illustrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.
A Review of Instruments Measuring the Basic Knowledge of Palliative Care Concepts in Teenagers
Authors: Elder Austin Barnett
Published: February 2024

This article reviews the literature for tools that measure the knowledge of basic palliative care concepts in teenagers as set forth by the World Health Organization who challenged Health Promoting Schools to provide health literacy and to increase knowledge of palliative care concepts. Teenagers constitute an underrepresented population in terms of understanding palliative care, despite often possessing the ability to make medical decisions. The aim of this article is to examine instruments that may be utilized to measure high school students’ knowledge of basic palliative care concepts, even if they may require modification. A Google Scholar and PubMed search resulted in finding that with modifications the Palliative Care Knowledge Scale and Palliative Care Quiz for Nurses can be utilized for measuring knowledge of palliative care concepts in teenagers’, which serves as a first step in meeting this population where they are in understanding and improving their heath literacy for future access and utilization of palliative care resources.