bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mucormycosis creeping along the nerves in an immunocompetent individual
Authors: Maheshwari Sagar , Patil Monica , Shendey Shweta
Published: October 2019

Mucormycosis is a rare opportunistic fungal infection, often life-threatening. We report an unusual case of rhinocerebral mucormycosis in an immunocompetent patient. A 23-year-old male presented with headache, speech disturbance and hearing difficulty for 4 weeks. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed right cerebellar abscess and enhancing soft tissue in the nasal cavity, extending to cranial and infratemporal fossae. Computed tomography (CT) revealed the widening of foramen rotundum and sclerosis involving the sphenoid and ethmoid sinuses. MR Spectroscopy revealed multiple peaks between 3.6 and 3.8 parts per million (ppm) which could represent trehalose. Nasal mucosa scrapings confirmed mucormycosis. Suspicion of a fungal infection needs to be considered even in the absence of immunocompromised status.
La organización de la diocesis Egitaniensis y la configuración territorial del interior de Lusitania durante la Alta Edad Media (400-800)
Authors: Cordero Ruiz Tomás
Published: October 2019

El trabajo presentado se interesa por la reconstrucción espacial del territorio de la ciudad de Egitania (Idanha-a-Velha), una de las ciudades lusitano-romanas, fundada bajo el nombre de Civitas Igaeditanorum, que mantuvo su entidad urbana durante el período altomedieval, convertida, en este tiempo, en sede de la diocesis Egitaniensis. El análisis de su organización territorial, conectada directamente con la continuidad de la ordenación administrativa romana y su influencia en la estructura de los reinos suevo y visigodo, nos permite ahondar en el conocimiento de la configuración espacial del sector interior de la Lusitania durante este período.
Tecla, Pablo y el frontal del altar de la catedral de Tarragona en el contexto creativo del tardorrománico hispano: propuesta de datación e interpretación
Authors: Lozano López Esther , García de Castro Valdés César
Published: October 2019

El imponente frontal de mármol que ornamenta el altar de la catedral de Tarragona permite ahondar en el dilatado proceso histórico de la restauración de la sede metropolitana. Los conflictos eclesiásticos generados a partir del proceso de segregación jurisdiccional respecto a la metrópolis de Narbona, la rivalidad con Toledo a propósito de la primacía hispánica y la voluntad de subrayar la fundación apostólica de la sede explican la dedicación a santa Tecla (discípula de Pablo, isoapóstolos y protomártir) y el extraordinario programa iconográfi co que plasma una versión de los Acta Pauli et Teclae. El prestigio de la caput ecclesiarum totius Citerioris Hispaniae (en palabras del arzobispo Oleguer) se refleja en la creación de una obra de calidad excepcional que se inserta en las innovadoras corrientes escultóricas del tardorrománico hispano. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es ofrecer una datación más temprana y una nueva lectura iconográfica para este altar.
La orientación de las iglesias románicas en la Península Ibérica
Authors: Pérez Valcárcel Juan , Pérez Palmero Victoria
Published: October 2019

Las iglesias prerrománicas en Hispania (España y Portugal) están orientadas hacia el este, pero se observa un cierto número de desviaciones importantes. Por el contrario, la casi totalidad de las iglesias románicas en Hispania están orientadas hacia el este con desviaciones que sólo se apartan de posibles posiciones del orto solar en pocos casos. Únicamente en la Baja Edad Media aparecen iglesias góticas con orientaciones claramente diferentes. Sin embargo, la mayoría no están orientadas al este geográfico preciso, sino que pueden presentar variaciones de más de 30º hacia el norte y hacia el sur. Es justamente lo que varía la posición del orto solar a lo largo del año y esto nos permite calcular con precisión de unos pocos días, el día concreto en que fueron orientadas. En este artículo trataremos de definir cuáles fueron los criterios utilizados y si ese día tiene un significado simbólico, litúrgico o funcional. También se analizará el sistema de medición necesario para una determinación precisa de dicho día y los factores que deben ser tenidos en cuenta en dicho cálculo, para conseguir la precisión adecuada, así como las conclusiones del estudio.
Les paramètres du traitement
Authors: Frampton Hollis
Published: October 2019

Ce texte transcrit une conférence que donna Hollis Frampton en 1976 au Center for Media Study de l’Université de l’État de New York à Buffalo consacrée au développement des copies film. Il est centrée sur les procédures de traitement normales et modifiées en tant qu’outils créatifs. L’intérêt du cinéaste expérimental pour la manipulation de la couleur ainsi que d’autres techniques le conduit à aborder la nature et le rôle du laboratoire cinématographique. Il développe une réflexion sur la dimension optico-chimique de la création cinématographique, dans un contexte où le paramètre mécanique semble intéresser davantage les cinéastes, notamment dans le champ de l’expérimental. Dans celui de l’industrie du cinéma, en revanche, le développement n’est qu’une étape ou une phase de la fabrication des films – un moment dans une chaîne temporelle – plus qu’un aspect de ce travail, qui pourrait alors être interrogé et approfondi comme tel. Ce rapport entre temporalité et spatialité dans l’appréhension du développement est repensé par Frampton, voire renversé. Il se penche pour ce faire sur la question de l’émulsion, de sa texture et des éléments qui entrent dans sa composition. Sur cette base, le traitement est rapporté à deux opérations : la révélation de l’image latente sur le support, et la fixation de cette image.
Gender Equality and Relevant European Policies Regarding Vocational Education and Labour Market
Authors: Papakitsos Evangelos C. , Kiousi Eleni , Florakos Georgios , Patsiada Evanthia , Makrygiannis Panagiotis S.
Published: October 2019

This chapter aims firstly at examining the impact of gender stereotypes on choosing vocational education or profession. Secondly, the relevant policies of European Union and Greece, in particular, are presented and commented upon. For this purpose, relevant data have been collected from four related surveys conducted in the years 2008, 2010, 2014, and 2017, mainly in the high schools of Attica (Greece). The results from these four surveys only partially confirm the original hypothesis, namely that the gender stereotypes influence the decision-making process of choosing a field of vocational study or profession, but also indicate that there are significant correlations between specific occupations per gender identity and stereotypical perceptions. Finally, the harmonious coexistence of the sexes requires the development of self-knowledge and critical thinking. This can be achieved only by raising the awareness of teachers, who are called to improve the critical self-knowledge and social knowledge of individuals through the implementation of policies regarding school and local society.
Best Practices in Skills Implementation
Authors: Shah Tamanna M.
Published: October 2019

The future world will see a radical shift in the nature and availability of jobs. Such a shift would entail youth to be equipped with new-age skills. For nations with a competitive advantage of diverse talent bases, the threat of unemployment looms large with serious consequences. India is no exception. As one of the youngest populations globally, 365 million Indians would be eligible to join the workforce in the next decade. Such a demographic dividend would contribute positively only if there are matching economic opportunities to absorb it. Transforming India's demographic surplus to demographic dividend requires policymakers to timely harness the power of skill development. This chapter explores how the skill mismatch is being addressed in India by following certain best practices that are purpose-oriented and ensure quality. Based on the case study of a leading vocational and employability training company, IL&FS Skills, the best practices in skill development for long-term sustainable impact are explored in this chapter.
Benchmarking Sustainability Performance of Suppliers Using ISO 14001 and Rough Set QFD-Based Approach
Authors: Sidhu Ramneet , Arora Varun
Published: October 2019

Supply chain management plays an important role in design, development, manufacturing, etc. and has key impact on company's overall environmental performance. Recently, green supply chain management has gained great interest from researchers and practitioners. Consideration has been given to consider environmental factors in entire supply chain starting from procurement, production, transportation, consumption, and post-disposal of products to make the whole product life cycle green. And those companies implementing ISO 14001 are controlling and minimizing risks not only internally but also externally with their suppliers. In this chapter, the authors are benchmarking sustainability performance of suppliers using ISO 14001 and rough set QFD. For this objective, firstly they identify the requirements for green supply chain planning on the basis of ISO 14001. Then, they evaluate the suppliers on the basis of these requirements using a QFD-based approach. To handle the uncertainties arising due to lack of or limited data, rough set theory is used. The results show that the proposed approach can effectively handle imprecise information and facilitates selection of green supply chain initiatives in a structured way.
A Circular Economy Perspective for Dairy Supply Chains
Authors: Paraskevopoulou Christina , Vlachos Dimitrios
Published: October 2019

The environmental issues and the projected world population increase have brought into light many different terms and concepts. For over 20 years, sustainability attracts the main focus of most researchers; however, recently the concept of circular economy (CE) is considered to be its successor. CE is based on a closed loop supply chain, where waste is minimized and reintroduced into the supply chain, thus requiring a systemic change. In the agri-food sector, the CE principles have many possible applications. This chapter provides a CE perspective for the dairy supply chain by identifying and analyzing the associated technologies and strategies through a literature review taxonomy based on the related stage of the supply chain.
Benchmarking Sustainability Performance of Organizations Using a Multicriteria Approach With Application to Canadian Market
Authors: Tavassoli Abbas
Published: October 2019

In this chapter, the authors propose a multi-criteria framework for benchmarking sustainability performance of organizations. The indicators for evaluation are obtained using sustainalytics database. Multicriteria decision making technique called TOPSIS (Technique for Ordered Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) is used to generate organization rankings. The proposed technique is applied to evaluate performance of 24 companies in two major sectors: manufacturing and service. The selected companies come from the Canadian market. The results of TOPSIS study show manufacturing sector to be doing better than the service sector with average relative closeness (Ci) of 0.5 and 0.36, respectively. Future work can involve integration of financial KPIs, cross-sector investigation and involvement of MCDM techniques such as AHP for weighting in the proposed study.
Managing Cost of Quality in Supply Chains
Authors: Ghandour Ali
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this case study is to analyze the cost of quality (COQ) in the supply chain process at Arctic North Inc., one of the winter jackets manufacturers in Montreal, Canada. In addition to the case study, some proposed solutions and recommendations will be chosen based on the studied performance of the company. Over the past decades, quality is becoming more and more a key factor in customers' expectations. Organizations and businesses around the world are very interested in applying methodologies and techniques to reach higher quality levels since this will distinguish them from other competitors in the market. Furthermore, measuring the COQ in an organization is very important in order to be able to identify the problem of poor quality, quantify it, and analyze its causes to be able to solve it.
Using Six Sigma to Achieve Sustainable Manufacturing
Authors: Zhang Min
Published: October 2019

Sustainability has been widely discussed from different points of view. Manufacturing is contributing a critical part of noncompliance to environment and human rights in the modern society. While a lot of companies are seeking strategies to either promote corporation image or stimulate employees' work passion, most of research and guidelines are focusing on how to measure the sustainability based on the cases from big firms. Most of manufacturing firms are medium and small sized; they are searching for a comprehensive and systematical way to implement sustainability practice step by step without using very experienced professionals. This chapter is supplying a systematic framework for firms to achieve sustainability in manufacturing environment with the widely used problem solving tool Six Sigma. Inexperienced professionals will be able to implement the sustainability practice from defining problems to achieving leadership in sustainability. It illustrates how to customize the framework content based on individual needs.
A Comprehensive Review on Advanced Maintenance Strategies for Smart Railways
Authors: Enshaei Nastaran , Hammad Amin , Naderkhani Farnoosh
Published: October 2019

Recently, energy efficient and sustainable supply chain has attracted a great deal of attention. To achieve sustainability, it is of paramount importance to use environmentally friendly procedures in each stage of the supply chain including suppliers, production/manufacturing, and transportation. Transportation plays a critical role in supply chain since the suppliers and customers are typically distributed in large geographical areas. Nowadays, railway is considered as a primary mode of transportation. Railways are considered as complex systems that are subject to degradation and failures. To avoid failures, tremendous efforts should be invested on preventive maintenance (PM) for performing optimal maintenance actions. Proper PM actions such as condition-based maintenance (CBM) play a major role in keeping the supply chain from crumbling down and working with high efficiency. This chapter reviews promising research works in the application of state-of-the-art CBM strategies that contribute to the advancement of smart transportation system via fault diagnostics/prognostics.
Security Framework for Supply-Chain Management
Authors: Elangovan Kathick Raj
Published: October 2019

In recent times, cyber-attacks have been a significant problem in any organization. It can damage the brand name if confidential data is compromised. A robust cybersecurity framework should be an essential aspect of any organization. This chapter talks about the security framework for cyber threats in supply chain management and discusses in detail the implementation of a secure environment through various controls. Today, a systematic method is used for handling sensitive information in an organization. It includes processes, people, and IT systems by implementing a risk management method. Distinct controls dedicated to different levels of domains, namely human resources, access control, asset management, cryptography, physical security, operations security, supplier relations, acquisition, incident management, and security governance are provided. Companies, contractors, and any others who are part of the supply chain organization must follow this security framework to defend from any cyber-attacks.
Evaluation of Make or Buy Approaches for Batteries Used in Electric Cars
Authors: Parashar Rohit
Published: October 2019

The electrification of the vehicle has led to fundamental changes in the automotive value chain. Resulting in original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to decide between manufacturing in-house and source the either product or component from joint ventures or suppliers. As electrical vehicle differs fundamentally from fuel-based counterparts, OEM must be adaptive with their manufacturing strategies. The value creation in the design is the replacement of engine-gear system with battery. Hence, battery is the critical component to be considered in manufacturing strategy. The decision making in finding less expensive and profitable way of either making the product or buying components from a capable supplier in global competitive environment is a serious discussion. In this chapter, the author is studying and applying the make or buy strategy to Tesla battery production.
Priortizing Barriers of Dental Implants for Patients Attending OPD
Authors: Pradhan Madhuri , Satapathy Suchismita , Nayak B. B.
Published: October 2019

Carelessness, bad habits, genetics, and age are the most important factors for tooth decay. Many dental problems, including decay, can easily be fixed by dental implants. In this chapter, an effort is taken to prioritize the barriers of dental implants by multi-criteria decision-making techniques like Promethee.
Medical Tourism in Visakhapatnam by People of South Odisha
Authors: Behera Sachin Kumar
Published: October 2019

Vishakhapatnam is a coastal city of Andhra Pradesh, one of the commercial hubs of Andhra Pradesh and very near to the south part of Odisha. The city has many super specialty hospitals and is home to various tourist destinations. People of Southern Odisha do not have good medical facilities always rush to Visakhapatnam for even small treatments. Southern Odisha comprises of the following districts: Gajapati, Rayagada, Koraput, Nabrangpur, Malkangiri, and Ganjam. These districts are still deprived of basic medical facilities, and traveling to Visakhapatnam is more suitable than to the capital of Odisha (Bhubaneswar) due to distance. The methodology of this chapter is based on secondary sources such as a published book, journals, reports, articles, newspapers, and online sources. In this chapter, a descriptive method is employed. Primary data was collected from the people staying in various hospitals in Vishakhapatnam for medical purposes.
Perspectives for Medical Tourism Development in Portugal's Central Region
Authors: Santinha Gonçalo , Breda Zélia , Rodrigues Vítor
Published: October 2019

The European Directive 2011/24/EU establishes the rules for the access to cross-border healthcare to ensure the mobility of patients and promote cooperation between the different Member States. This study aims to understand its impact and the role that medical tourism can play in the healthcare context in Portugal. On the one hand, it makes a reflection on the challenges arising from its adoption, and, on the other hand, it discusses the possible impacts of its implementation, specifically in two sub-regions of the Central Region, and the role of medical tourism in light of the views of health policymakers and other local and regional stakeholders. The attractive conditions of Portugal translate into a potential destination for medical tourism; however, the transposition of the Directive reveals several weaknesses. Only through the design of a strategic plan of action, necessarily collective, participative, and accountable, that lists the supply, the potential demand, and priority options for the country and for each region, it is possible to effectively develop medical tourism.
Effects of Stress Management and Healthcare Issues
Authors: Paul Pinki
Published: October 2019

Modern life is full of hassles, deadlines, frustrations, and demands. Stress is defined as perspective of mind or as mental health disorder. It is of equal importance compared with others in the 21st century. Stress management is a common phenomenon globally. The imbalance of any occasion creates stress. The most significant factors include separated from family, loneliness, fatigue, multi-nationality, limited recreation activity, and dissatisfaction of job opportunity, which tends to cause healthcare issues, especially sleep deprivation and depression. The long-lasting stress causes chronic mental fatigue. It has positive and negative impacts, which depend on situations. Sometimes it plays as a motivating factor for peak performance and great opportunity, or sometimes negative like when a person faces social, physical, organizational, and emotional problems.
SWOT Analysis of Internet of Things in the Library and Information Science Environment
Authors: Kaushik Anna
Published: October 2019

Internet of things (IoT) is emerging as a prominent phenomenon in every domain including library and information science. Thus, this study aims to define the internet of things (IoT) concept and further conducts the SWOT analysis of internet of things (IoT) in connection to the library and information science domain in order to know the different insights of the internet of things (IoT). This study may be useful for knowing the different aspects of the internet of things (IoT) phenomena.
What If Your Library Can't Go Green?
Authors: Bohuski Laura
Published: October 2019

Environmentalism and climate change are hot topics of conversation in society today, but libraries have long been a supporter of the environmental movement and going green. Often libraries have shown their agreement with green movement ideas through the construction or renovation of green libraries. However, with decreasing budgets, many libraries cannot afford new construction or the fees associated with becoming green certified. How then can libraries continue to support the green movement while on a budget? This chapter argues that while green certification is a good goal to have, if libraries would switch their focus to the wellness of their employees and patrons instead, then libraries could still have a positive impact on the well-being of their communities and enact healthy and environmentally sound initiatives, while also staying within their budget.
Overcoming the Google Handicap
Authors: Stadler Derek
Published: October 2019

This chapter illustrates how the author upgraded the library website at an urban junior college, evaluating the efficacy of the single search box and how to support information literacy. As a framework, the author used the United States Department of Energy's Root Cause Analysis Guidance Document, which illustrates root cause analysis, a process to uncover, analyze, and resolve issues or problems of user behavior relating to technology. A usability test of the library's website using student subjects supplied data for data collection. Events and causal factor analysis identified the causes of problems observed in the usability test and corrective actions required to mitigate them. Results determined what design strategies promote information literacy on a library website and if the single search box is the best fit for an urban junior college.
Role of Library Professionals in Content Development
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Joorel J. P. Singh
Published: October 2019

The overall goal of any country is to create high quality, curriculum-based interactive content for all subjects and host them on a platform for the benefit of universities, colleges, and the worldwide academic community in open access. The Government of India has initiated several projects for the e-content development. One of important project is e-PG Pathshala, which is a gateway to PG courses. The bigger challenge to developed this is content creation. So, library professionals made a vital role during the phase of e-content development. This chapter focused on e-PG Pathshala project and how library professionals helped to develop the content. e-PG Pathshala has 15 courses, which comprises of 387 e-modules developed n four quadrants. The INFLIBNET Centre is an anchor institute for the courses of library and information science.
Is the Indian Library and Information Science Research Interdisciplinary?
Authors: Patra Swapan Kumar , Das Anup Kumar
Published: October 2019

This chapter is an attempt to map the interdisciplinary nature of Indian library and information science (LIS) research. For this purpose, citation information of 28 Indian LIS journals is considered from Indian Citation Index (ICI) database. ICI is a bibliographic and citation database of research journals published from India. In order to understand the anatomical pattern of citations, social networking software UCINET is used to map the citation network. The result shows that self-citations (about 23%) are the prevalent pattern of citations among Indian LIS journals. Beside this, citation pattern at large is confined to the subject of LIS (about 93%) area. Further, the analysis also shows that about 7% of articles are cited from non-LIS journals. However, citations of non-LIS fields are from a closely related field, for example, general science and technology, computer science, and so on. Thus, it can be concluded that Indian LIS research does not show true interdisciplinary nature.
Research Patterns on the Social Networks and Media
Authors: Baskaran C.
Published: October 2019

The study analyses 11,941 total records on social networks and media retrieved from Web of Science database during the period of study. The predominantly records 2,576 (21.57%) of the publications brought out in 2018, followed by 2,281 (19.10%) records published in 2017. A majority of the publications, 2,207 (18.48%), were published from communication area, on account of the specific nature of the research concentrating on Social networks. Computer communications information systems area scores second with 1,172 (9.81%) of the publications. The study found that more than 10 publications contributed by an individual area out of 11,941 records during period. Liu Y has contributed 37 (0.31%) of the publications as top ranked author in the research.
Big Data Analytics and Models
Authors: Sönmez Ferdi , Perdahçı Ziya Nazım , Aydın Mehmet Nafiz
Published: October 2019

When uncertainty is regarded as a surprise and an event in the minds, it can be said that individuals can change the future view. Market, financial, operational, social, environmental, institutional and humanitarian risks and uncertainties are the inherent realities of the modern world. Life is suffused with randomness and volatility; everything momentous that occurs in the illustrious sweep of history, or in our individual lives, is an outcome of uncertainty. An important implication of such uncertainty is the financial instability engendered to the victims of different sorts of perils. This chapter is intended to explore big data analytics as a comprehensive technique for processing large amounts of data to uncover insights. Several techniques before big data analytics like financial econometrics and optimization models have been used. Therefore, initially these techniques are mentioned. Then, how big data analytics has altered the methods of analysis is mentioned. Lastly, cases promoting big data analytics are mentioned.
Analysis of Gravitation-Based Optimization Algorithms for Clustering and Classification
Authors: Rather Sajad Ahmad , Bala P. Shanthi
Published: October 2019

In recent years, various heuristic algorithms based on natural phenomena and swarm behaviors were introduced to solve innumerable optimization problems. These optimization algorithms show better performance than conventional algorithms. Recently, the gravitational search algorithm (GSA) is proposed for optimization which is based on Newton's law of universal gravitation and laws of motion. Within a few years, GSA became popular among the research community and has been applied to various fields such as electrical science, power systems, computer science, civil and mechanical engineering, etc. This chapter shows the importance of GSA, its hybridization, and applications in solving clustering and classification problems. In clustering, GSA is hybridized with other optimization algorithms to overcome the drawbacks such as curse of dimensionality, trapping in local optima, and limited search space of conventional data clustering algorithms. GSA is also applied to classification problems for pattern recognition, feature extraction, and increasing classification accuracy.
Modern Statistical Modeling in Machine Learning and Big Data Analytics
Authors: Ramezani Niloofar
Published: October 2019

Machine learning, big data, and high dimensional data are the topics we hear about frequently these days, and some even call them the wave of the future. Therefore, it is important to use appropriate statistical models, which have been established for many years, and their efficiency has already been evaluated to contribute into advancing machine learning, which is a relatively newer field of study. Different algorithms that can be used within machine learning, depending on the nature of the variables, are discussed, and appropriate statistical techniques for modeling them are presented in this chapter.
New Media Technologies and Childhood Education for Development Purposes in Africa
Authors: Ogbu Silk
Published: October 2019

Education is the ‘right' of every child and should not be a privilege. As signatories to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of a Child (CRC), every country in Africa has a fundamental responsibility in the global commitment towards the provision of childhood education in their respective states. However, the number of children in the continent that are ‘out of school' has risen to the world's highest today. This chapter examines some of the problems encumbering childhood education in Africa, especially in terms of curriculum development, funding, and capacity building and interrogates the effectiveness of current mitigation strategies. It argues that childhood education holds the key to unlocking the potentials of the vast natural and human resources of the continent that are required to catalyze poverty reduction and socio-economic development in the years ahead.
Public and Stakeholders' Perceptions of Newspaper Coverage of Child Labour in Nigeria
Authors: Ajaegbu Oguchi Onyeizu , Akoja Mofoluke , Ogunwemimo Taiwo Abolaji
Published: October 2019

The chapter explored public and stakeholder perceptions of media coverage of child labour in Nigeria. It has been observed that most studies are deficient in information on the interplay between media coverage of children issues and public perception of such coverage. This study therefore adopted the convergent mixed method design to elicit responses from audiences. Respondents were drawn from Babcock University on the assumption that individuals are literate enough to understand newspaper reports. Civil society organizations across Nigeria that deal specifically with children issues and some State Ministries of Women Affairs were sampled. The survey showed that people have knowledge of child labour issues from newspapers which in turn affect their attitude; however, their reactions to the reports are moderately favourable to the cause of abused children. It was recommended that newspapers give more coverage to child labour issues so that the public will have more knowledge and in turn make informed decisions.
Irregular Migration and Economic Nationalism in EU
Authors: Aydin Halisoglu Tugba
Published: October 2019

Nationalism is one of the controversial issues in political science studies. Nationalism includes rational approaches as well as emotional ones, both strong support and intense criticism. This chapter will apply the primordial approach of nationalism, considering its roots from before the French Revolution and as a result of human psychology. So, the sense of belonging, is the main argument of the primordial approach in nationalism studies, will be examined with its effect on the migration economy. The main focus of the chapter will be the European Union facing huge refugee flows from Syria, the economic impact of refugees by the effect of migration, and citizen reaction to immigrants and the economy.
A Challenge to Homo Economicus: Behavioral Economics
Authors: Alkan Hatice Isıl
Published: October 2019

Neoclassical economics is the mainstream economic paradigm of the present era and has certain assumptions such as rationality, perfect knowledge and unique equilibrium. In this regard, homo economicus, namely rational economic man is the main agent of mainstream economics. However, this main agent has aspects that are inconsistent with reality. In other words, decision units are likely to be irrational in the real word because individuals are emotional and social beings. Considering that this conception of rationality contradicts with the instability of economies and crises that have happened, it seems that the dominant economic view cannot exactly explain current events. This chapter questions the concept of homo economicus, the compatibility of homo economicus with homo sapiens and attempts to reveal the shortcomings of the dominant view. It substantially tries to explore why behavioral economics is necessary and how behavioral economics can make up for the shortcomings of the mainstream economic paradigm by the help of its branches; experimental economics and neuroeconomics.
What Economics Can Learn From Ontology
Authors: Zúñiga y Postigo Gloria
Published: October 2019

This chapter will present the argument that the tools of ontology offer a means for teaching the philosophical foundations of economic value and for engaging interdisciplinarily the examinations of economics. Ontology is the branch of philosophy that is concerned with the description of existing domains in the world, the objects in such domains, and their relations. It does not attempt to explain or interpret, only to describe, and it is in this sense that ontology is reconcilable with the scientific methods of economics. Additionally, it is capable of describing the complex structures, relations, and emergence of economic objects in human economic activity. This chapter will address three insights from ontology that shed light on the implications of the notion of subjectivity in the theory of subjective economic value, the differences between economic value and other kinds of value, and the role that subjectivity and economic value have in the emergence of the social object we know as money.
Innovative Approaches to Regulation of Agricultural Production and Trade
Authors: Ivolga Anna , Trukhachev Alexander
Published: October 2019

The chapter studies contemporary innovative approaches to and practices of state support of agricultural production and trade in food and agricultural products. The authors attempt to discover how protectionist policies in the sphere of production and trade affect the level of food security in the conditions of expanding globalization. The chapter focuses on the investigation of advanced innovative practices of state support in the case of selected OECD countries. The authors reveal that the introduction of innovations into the system of state regulation is one of the key determinants of achieving food security in the conditions of the volatile market. Both the volume and priority directions of innovations in agricultural protectionism policies are discussed and evaluated.
Technical Equipment of Agricultural Production
Authors: Khudzhatov Mikail , Arskiy Alexander
Published: October 2019

The guarantee of a sufficient food supply is one of the challenges in both international and national economic security. Development of world agriculture is impossible without using advanced technologies. Their application in agriculture depends on the security of agricultural producers with highly effective agricultural machinery for which agricultural engineering serves. Agricultural engineering is an important element of the agro-industrial complex of any state providing it with necessary machinery and equipment. One of the important directions of the establishment of food security is the development of agricultural engineering. In this regard, the chapter analyses the current state of the world market of agricultural machinery; develops the methodology of assessment of the competitiveness of agricultural machinery in the domestic market; and elaborates the definition of effective methods of management of logistics costs at the operation of agricultural machinery.
Imports and Use of Palm Oil as a Way to Increase Safety of Food Fats
Authors: Simakova Inna , Perkel Roman
Published: October 2019

The authors compare the biological value and safety of hydrogenated fat containing trans-isomers of oleic acid and palm oil-based fat. The chapter assesses the potential of replacing hydrogenated fats by palm oil in the production of special fat products. Hematological and histological studies are carried out in a form of biological experiment on animals (white rats). The study reveals the explicit negative effect of trans-isomers even with a relatively low concentration of trans-isomers in a diet. Pathological changes are not observed in animals when palm-based fat is introduced into their ration. The findings suggest that palm oil along with its fractions may be considered as an alternative to hydrogenated fats in the production of margarine, cooking, baking, and deep-frying fats. The use of palm oil in the production of special fats of increased hardness (spreads. confectionery, waffles and fillings, and chocolate coating) requires the application of modern methods for modifying triglyceride composition of fats – biocatalytic interesterification and fractionation.
Food Security and Self-Sufficiency as a Basis for National Security and Sovereignty
Authors: Zemliak Kirill , Zhebo Anna , Aleshkov Aleksey
Published: October 2019

The study discusses one of the global problems of mankind—ensuring food security for the population. The historical context of the food problem, the formation of the concept of food security, the approaches of the world community and individual countries to its provision and evaluation are considered. The case of Russia reveals the role of food security in ensuring economic, social, and political security and sovereignty of a state. Special attention is paid to the state of agriculture in Russia as a source of raw materials for ensuring food security, problems of its development, and ways to solve them. The place of Russia in ensuring the food security of the world is shown.
The Role of Agricultural Production and Trade Integration in Sustainable Rural Development
Authors: Nagy Henrietta , Neszmélyi György Iván , Abdulkadr Ahmed Abduletif
Published: October 2019

Ethiopia is the second-most populous country in Africa with rainfed agriculture as a backbone of its economy. Most of the population, 79.3%, are rural residents. Sustainable rural development can be achieved if great attention is given to the labor-intensive sector of the country, agriculture, by improving the level of productivity through research-based information and technologies, increasing the supply of industrial and export crops, and ensuring the rehabilitation and conservation of natural resource bases with special consideration packages. The improvement in agricultural productivity alone cannot bring sustainable development unless supported by appropriate domestic and international trade. The main objective of this study is to identify and examine key determinants that influence agricultural productivity to assure food security, as well as to analyze domestic and foreign trade in agricultural products in Ethiopia.
Participatory Poverty Assessment Effort in Food Security and Extension Policy
Authors: Rusliyadi Muhamad , Jamil Azaharaini Bin Hj. Mohd.
Published: October 2019

The impact study assessment aims to evaluate policies and monitor the achievement of targets and the results of a development program such as DMP. The output obtained is information that is an evaluation of how the policy was planned, initiated, and implemented. Participatory monitoring and evaluation analyze the outcome and impact of the DMP Program. PPA seeks to answer the question of whether or not the policy or program is working properly. A participatory approach may improve the outcomes in the form of a new policy model for the future. The output of the PPA process from this study is the agricultural policy formulated in terms of practical ways of approaching poverty problems from a local perspective. The success of alternative policy options applied by local government such as physical, human resources, and institution development at the grassroots level should be adopted at the national level. It should represent the best example of a case of successful program implementation at the grassroots level which can then be used in formulating national policies and strategies.
Eco-Innovation in Europe
Authors: Dziura Boris , Vovk Marta , Raneta Leonid
Published: October 2019

Eco-innovations according the European Commission determine the future of Europe and stand at the heart of the EU's policies. The focus of the Europe 2020 Strategy is on smart, sustainable, and inclusive growth. Eco-innovations are perceived as a critical for carrying out objectives of the Strategy. To deliver the objectives of the Strategy, Eco-Innovation Action Plan (EcoAP) was adopted by the European Commission in 2011, and now it represents not only a crucial part of the European policy framework for sustainable production and consumption, which supports a set of environmental initiatives but also serves a crucial factor to following the goals of the circular economy. At the same time, it is not clear empirically how eco-innovations are linked with the progress of the EU countries towards sustainable and circular economy.
Predicting the Role of Islamic Banking on Sustainable Economic Development
Authors: Eti Serkan , Kalkavan Hakan , Dinçer Hasan , Yüksel Serhat
Published: October 2019

This chapter aims to predict the future of Islamic banking in Turkey. Three different Islamic banks operating in Turkey were taken to the scope of review. Within this framework, six different variables that are important for the banking sector have been identified. The data of these variables in the 2010-2018 period were analyzed by ARIMA method, and six different models were established. As a result, it is predicted that Islamic banking will grow in the future, and its profitability will increase. However, the ratio of non-performing loans is expected to increase, and capital is expected to decrease. Therefore, Islamic banks should be more cautious in this growth process. In this context, it is important to conduct an effective credibility analysis of customers to be loaned. This situation has a contributing effect on the sustainable economic development of the country.
Sustainable Leadership as a Vector of the Circular Economy
Authors: Júnior Hermes de Andrade , de Andrade Tamar Prouse , Rosinha Antonio Palma
Published: October 2019

Formal leaders do not act alone but interact with all those around them and the results of a company are no longer focused solely on financial indicators. A sustainable leader must create a conducive environment for business development in a balanced way with nature and society. In this conceptual chapter, the authors aim to (1) present sustainable leadership by relating the characteristics of a leader to sustainability; (2) consider that the role of this type of leadership is fundamental to the construction of a truly sustainable meaning, since it links government, people, and companies in a sustainable meta-organization dynamics and green supply chain thus contributes to the circular economy. Government, businesses, and consumers must be aligned. The followers of truly sustainable leadership play a decisive role in influencing other leaders, people, organisations, and results.
Understanding Political Consumerism, Political Participation, and Their Antecedents
Authors: Gulen Ertem , Aygoren Oguzhan
Published: October 2019

Political consumerism is a form of self-expression where consumers boycott or buycott a brand, company, or a product. The increase in the amount of these actions in recent years has led scholars and marketers improve their understanding of how and why consumers engage in political consumerism and what its predecessors are. By employing a wide scale survey among 360 participants in Turkey, this study presents empirical and qualitative evidence for boycott behavior and investigates how other forms of political participation and individual level characteristics have an effect on political consumerism. Results suggest main reason for boycott behavior in Turkey is due to political reasons and conservatism as an individual level value orientation has a negative effect on boycott behavior. In addition, online activism and voting participation behaviors have positive effects on political consumerism.
The Economic and Environmental Impact of Large Financial Developments in an Oil-Dependent Economy
Authors: Naser Hanan
Published: October 2019

This study examines the economic and environmental impact of large financial developments in Bahrain from year 2006 to 2016. To do so, the relationship between energy consumption, oil prices, market shares, dividend yields, and economic growth has been investigated using Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The key findings are summarized as follow: (1) Long run relationship exists between the suggested variables. (2) Both energy and financial markets are significant in the long run relationship, and positively affect the economic growth of Bahrain. (3) According to the estimated ECM term, the model is stable in the short run. (4) Decline in oil price has negative significant drawback on the economic growth of Bahrain. Accordingly, it is recommended that policy makers in Bahrain focuses on implement strong strategies that aim at encouraging investments in non-oil sectors without impeding energy sector or economic growth in order to move towards sustainability.
Appropriateness of Standard Accounting Tools in Measuring Social Innovation in the New Global Economy
Authors: Franc Sanja , Hladika Mirjana
Published: October 2019

The global economy brings about new trends, challenges, and needs, which require new solutions. Social innovations can have a major role in satisfying unmet social needs and increasing overall well-being. Measuring social innovation is therefore an important task with the purpose of informing the stakeholders about the performance value that an innovation creates. Standard accounting tools often neglect social or environmental impact, and thus, new or adjusted methods need to be developed. The objective of this chapter is to analyze methods of measuring social innovation and discuss advantages and disadvantages of traditional measures versus new approaches with the purpose of better understanding the significance of social innovation in the global economy. The chapter consists of six parts. After the introduction follows the literature review. The third part of the chapter discusses different approaches to measuring innovations while the fourth part suggests some new approaches to measuring social innovations. The fifth part describes future research perspectives. The final part is the conclusion.
Linking Stakeholder Engagement to Multiple Future Policies in the European Energy Sector
Authors: Karakosta Charikleia , Papapostolou Aikaterini
Published: October 2019

European energy, innovation, and climate challenges define the direction of a future European energy system; however, the specific technology pathways are policy sensitive and need careful comparative evaluation. Stakeholder dialogue or exchange is a very enriching experience, as it promotes the communication of different and sometimes controversial ideas, approaches, and expectations. The chapter introduces stakeholder consultation process, so as to analyse the impact of multiple future pathways and policies in the European energy sector. This will be done through a concrete methodological approach based on an institutionalised consultation process of the relevant stakeholders at policy, industry, and research/academic level. Key findings as regards the critical uncertainties affecting the future energy sector reveal that the level of cooperation and the level of decentralisation may play a crucial role in the design of alternative pathways towards a clean energy system.