bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Steps towards equitable care: creating web pages to highlight diversity for Australia’s aged care and end of life care workforce
Authors: Rowley Georgia , Tieman Jennifer , Jones Kelly
Published: May 2022

Background The impact of Australia’s diverse population on the aged care sector has been acknowledged, with the Royal Commission into Aged Care Quality and Safety findings providing evidence of the importance of population diversity for consumer-directed and person-centred care. Similarly, the Aged Care Quality Standards and Aged Care Diversity Framework acknowledge the diversity of Australia’s ageing population and potential implications for equitable access to care and the ensuing importance of culturally appropriate and culturally safe care. This paper reports on the development of informational web pages and utilisation findings for use by the aged care workforce supporting diverse populations. Methods Content was created for the End of Life Directions for Aged Care website, based on rapid review findings relating to barriers and limitations for people accessing equitable care in the aged care and palliative care sectors. Results Website pages containing embedded links to useful content and resources for health professionals and care workers who work with older diverse adults are shown to be well received among users. Conclusions As Australia’s future population will age with increasing diversity markers, with implications for aged care and palliative care service provision, workforce access to up-to-date, relevant and evidence-informed information on best practice non-clinical support for individuals from diverse backgrounds towards the end of life promotes a person-centred care approach. Access data shows that the website content is being utilised increasingly over time and suggests that it is filling a gap in comprehensive and accessible end of life resources that have been missing from the Australian aged care and palliative care workforce.
A theory of consciousness from a theoretical computer science perspective: Insights from the Conscious Turing Machine
Authors: Blum Lenore , Blum Manuel
Published: May 2022

Significance

This paper provides evidence that a theoretical computer science (TCS) perspective can add to our understanding of consciousness by providing a simple framework for employing tools from computational complexity theory and machine learning. Just as the Turing machine is a simple model to define and explore computation, the Conscious Turing Machine (CTM) is a simple model to define and explore consciousness (and related concepts). The CTM is not a model of the brain or cognition, nor is it intended to be, but a simple substrate-independent computational model of (the admittedly complex concept of) consciousness. This paper is intended to introduce this approach, show its possibilities, and stimulate research in consciousness from a TCS perspective.
Long-term experimental evolution decouples size and production costs in
Escherichia coli
Authors: Marshall Dustin J. , Malerba Martino , Lines Thomas , Sezmis Aysha L. , Hasan Chowdhury M. , Lenski Richard E. , McDonald Michael J.
Published: May 2022

Significance

Populations of larger organisms should be more efficient in their resource use, but grow more slowly, than populations of smaller organisms. The relations between size, metabolism, and demography form the bedrock of metabolic theory, but most empirical tests have been correlative and indirect. Experimental lineages of
Escherichia coli
that evolved to make larger cells provide a unique opportunity to test how size, metabolism, and demography covary. Despite the larger cells having a relatively slower metabolism, they grow faster than smaller cells. They achieve this growth rate advantage by reducing the relative costs of producing their larger cells. That evolution can decouple the costs of production from size challenges a fundamental assumption about the connections between physiology and ecology.
Influenza chimeric hemagglutinin structures in complex with broadly protective antibodies to the stem and trimer interface
Authors: Zhu Xueyong , Han Julianna , Sun Weina , Puente-Massaguer Eduard , Yu Wenli , Palese Peter , Krammer Florian , Ward Andrew B. , Wilson Ian A.
Published: May 2022

Significance

Sequential vaccination with chimeric hemagglutinins (cHAs) that contain the same stem, but different head domains, can direct the antibody immune response to the conserved stem region. Structural information on cHAs is limited to one example containing a group 1 stem. Here, X-ray and electron microscopy structures revealed that cHAs cH4/3 and cH15/3, which contain a group 2 stem, with broadly protective stem antibody 31.a.83, have intact, native-like stem regions. Furthermore, the cHA head domains were in an open conformation, which exposes the conserved trimer interface region. Structure determination of cH15/3 HA with 31.a.83 and head interface antibody FluA-20 suggests that broadly protective antibodies could be elicited against both the conserved HA stem and the head interface.
An epitaxial perovskite as a compact neuristor: electrical self-oscillations in TbMnO3 thin films
Authors: Salverda M , Hamming-Green R P , Noheda B
Published: May 2022

Developing materials that can lead to compact versions of artificial neurons (neuristors) and synapses (memristors) is the main aspiration of the nascent neuromorphic materials research field. Oscillating circuits are interesting as neuristors, as they emulate the firing of action potentials. Here we present room-temperature self-oscillating devices fabricated from epitaxial thin films of semiconducting TbMnO3. We show that the negative differential resistance regime observed in these devices, orginates from transitions across the electronic band gap of the semiconductor. The intrinsic nature of the mechanism governing the oscillations gives rise to a high degree of control and repeatability. Obtaining such properties in an epitaxial perovskite oxide opens the way towards combining self-oscillating properties with those of other piezoelectric, ferroelectric, or magnetic perovskite oxides in order to achieve hybrid neuristor-memristor functionality in compact heterostructures.
Iterative metal artifact reduction on a clinical photon counting system—technical possibilities and reconstruction selection for optimal results dependent on the metal scenario
Authors: Anhaus Julian A , Schmidt Simon , Killermann Philipp , Mahnken Andreas , Hofmann Christian
Published: May 2022

Objective. To give an overview about technical possibilities for metal artifact reduction of the first clinical photon-counting CT system and assess optimal reconstruction settings in a phantom study, assessing monoenergetic imaging (VMI) and iterative metal artifact reduction (iMAR). Approach. Scans were performed with 120 kV and Sn140 kV on the first clinical photon-counting detector CT scanner. To quantify artifact reduction, anthropomorphic phantoms (hip, dental, spine, neuro) were assessed, in addition to a tissue characterization phantom (Gammex) to quantify the HU restoration accuracy, all with removable metal inserts. Each setup was reconstructed with and without dedicated iMAR, and VMIs were computed in 10 keV steps from 40 keV (60 keV at Sn140 kV) to 190 keV for all setups (ground truth and metal with and without iMAR). To find the optimal energy, pixel-wise errors were computed in relevant ROIs in water-equivalent tissue around the metal in each phantom setup. To assess HU restoration potential, measurements were performed in the Gammex phantom’s inserts. Main results. Large metal objects (hip head) or metal with high atomic numbers (dental and neuro) do not benefit from higher-energetic reconstructions. The hip shaft (large, low atomic number) comprises a lower base artifact level than the head, still without an energetic optimum. Within the spine (short penetration length, low atomic number) an energy optimum could be identified for both spectra (100 keV for 120 kV and 120 keV for Sn140 kV). The Gammex showed best HU restoration at 100 keV for 120 kV and at 110 keV for Sn140 kV. In all cases, additional iMAR reduced the base artifact level. Significance. This study shows that a novel photon-counting CT system has the capability to reduce metal artifacts in metal types with low atomic number and low penetration length by applying VMI. For all other metal types, additional iMAR is required to reduce artifacts.
A systematic study of the regrown interface impurities in unintentionally doped Ga-polar c-plane GaN and methods to reduce the same
Authors: Noshin Maliha , Soman Rohith , Xu Xiaoqing , Chowdhury Srabanti
Published: May 2022

Vertical gallium nitride (GaN) devices are strong candidates for next generation power electronics. Such vertical devices almost always require epitaxial regrowth of GaN. However, impurities present at the regrowth interfaces result in device degradation such as higher leakage current and lower breakdown voltage limiting its performance. While significant interface impurity concentration has been previously detected in the doped samples as well as in the etched-then-regrown samples, the origin of such interface impurity is still not well-understood. In this work, we perform a detailed characterization of the regrowth interface impurities of unintentionally doped (UID) Ga-polar GaN on c-plane sapphire substrate under various growth interruptions. This process (without any doping and without etch-then-regrowth) allows us to probe the relatively pristine regrown interface and thus better understand the origin of regrowth interface impurity. In the metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) grown samples, we uncover a significant presence of silicon (Si) impurity concentration at the regrowth interface of an UID GaN for exposure both in air and in glovebox, with ∼88% higher impurity concentration for air exposure. This confirms an inevitable incorporation of Si impurities in the regrowth process originating from air, residual impurities in MOCVD environment and a further adsorption of impurities from the MOCVD chamber. We then demonstrate an ultraviolet (UV) ozone-based cleaning technique to reduce the concentration of Si impurities at the regrown interface. Using an iterative UV-ozone cleaning and wet etching treatment, we realize up to ∼61% reduction in the peak Si impurity concentrations therefore paving the way towards high performance vertical GaN devices.
Receiver-device-independent quantum key distribution protocols
Authors: Ioannou Marie , Sekatski Pavel , Abbott Alastair A , Rosset Denis , Bancal Jean-Daniel , Brunner Nicolas
Published: May 2022

We discuss quantum key distribution protocols and their security analysis, considering a receiver-device-independent (RDI) model. The sender’s (Alice’s) device is partially characterized, in the sense that we assume bounds on the overlaps of the prepared quantum states. The receiver’s (Bob’s) device requires no characterisation and can be represented as a black-box. Our protocols are therefore robust to any attack on Bob, such as blinding attacks. In particular, we show that a secret key can be established even when the quantum channel has arbitrarily low transmission by considering RDI protocols exploiting sufficiently many states. Finally, we discuss how the hypothesis of bounded overlaps can be naturally applied to practical devices.
Rotation controlled topological edge states in a trimer chain composed of meta-atoms
Authors: Guo Zhiwei , Wu Xian , Ke Shaolin , Dong Lijuan , Deng Fusheng , Jiang Haitao , Chen Hong
Published: May 2022

Recently, topological chains have attracted extensive attention because of their simple structure, rich physics and important applications. In this work, we theoretically and experimentally uncover that the abundant topological phases of periodic trimer chain composed of one kind of meta-atom, namely split-ring resonators (SRRs), can be flexibly controlled by tunning the rotation angle of SRRs. On the one hand, we study the rotation controlled phase transition between two topological distinguished trimer chains with inversion symmetry. The generation of symmetric edge states can be easily controlled in this phase transition. On the other hand, the topological phases of the trimer chain broken inversion symmetry is demonstrated. Especially, the rotation controlled asymmetric edge states are observed in this process. So, rotation provides a new degree of freedom to manipulate edge states in the trimer chain composed of SRRs. The results in this work not only provide a flexible way to observe controlled edge states, but also provide a good research platform for designing other topological models with complex coupling distributions.
Relations between the average bipartite entanglement and N-partite correlation functions
Authors: Huang Haiqing , Ahmed Irfan , Ali Ahmed , Zha Xin-wei , Chan Raymond Hon-Fu , Zhang Yanpeng
Published: May 2022

We study the relations between the average bipartite entanglement and the N-partite length of correlation. We show that the N-partite length of correlation can completely determine the average bipartite entanglement for two and three-qubits. For four-, five- and six-qubit systems, the N-partite correlation functions may not determine the average bipartite entanglement. These results are novel and promising for pure state.
Simulation study of random sequential deposition of binary mixtures of lattice animals on a three-dimensional cubic lattice
Authors: Beljin-Čavić M , Lončarević I , Budinski-Petković Lj , Jakšić Z M , Vrhovac S B
Published: May 2022

Random sequential adsorption of mixtures of objects of various shapes on a three-dimensional (3D) cubic lattice is studied numerically by means of Monte Carlo simulations. Depositing objects are ‘lattice animals’, made of a certain number of nearest neighbor sites on a lattice. We analyzed binary mixtures composed of shapes of equal size, n = 3, 4, 5. We concentrate here on the influence of geometrical properties of the shapes on the jamming coverage θ
J and on the temporal evolution of the density θ(t). The approach of the coverage θ(t) to the jamming limit θ
J is found to be exponential, θ
J − θ(t) ∼ exp(−t/σ), both for the mixtures and their components. The values of the relaxation time σ are determined by the number of different orientations m that lattice animals can take when placed on a cubic lattice. The value of the relaxation time σ for a mixture is approximately twice the relaxation time for the pure component shape with a larger number m of possible orientations. Depending on the local geometry of the objects making the mixture, the jamming coverage of a mixture θ
J can be either greater than both single-component jamming coverages or it can be in between these values. The first case is the most common, while in the second case, the jamming density of the mixture is very close to the higher jamming density for the pure component shapes. For a majority of the investigated mixtures, a component with a larger number of orientations m has a larger value of the fractional jamming density.
Physiochemical properties of palm olein
Authors: Mohamad S A , Abd Aziz A S , Dabwan A H A , Abdullah A H , Mohamed A H
Published: May 2022

In the last decade, palm oil has ascended to the most advanced and widely used vegetable oil in the world. Triaclglycerol or triglycerides make up the majority of palm oil’s composition. Before being isolated, palm oil undergoes lipase-catalytic hydrolysis, which results in a high fatty acid and glyceride content, as well as a comparatively high fatty acid content.This study is about the physiochemistry of palm olein. This study to characterize palm oil using AOCS method for the determination of physicochemical parameters such as free fatty acids (FFA) is 0.3% to 0.5% is 0.6-1, acid value (AV) is 0.6-1, the result is saponification value (SV) is 210 mg KOH, for this research, 57.10 gI2 is the value of iodine (IV), the specific gravity is 0.9185 and the moisture content is 0.34%.
Dust Emission Investigation of Agricultural Powdered Materials.
Authors: Rani S.I. , Azhar N.A.L. , Abdullah A.H. , Daud M.A.A. , Mohamed A.
Published: May 2022

The dust emission in the workplace may affect workers health or create safety problem. This paper describes the development of an experimental apparatus to investigate dust emission as a function of particle size in various fall distances and different conveying velocity. For this purpose, four types of agricultural dusts (castor sugar, oat, semolina and tea powder) were used. It is found that the particle properties and fall distance have strong influence on the amount of dust emission generated. The result reveal that tea powder produced highest amount of dust emission (< 211 μm) in all fall distance during flow fall process. Finding from this work is useful to understand the mechanism and risk of dust emission in agricultural activities.
Corn starch inhibitive evaluation on marine corrosion of mild steel
Authors: Rosliza R. , Siti Saudah N.
Published: May 2022

Corrosion is a essential process that has a significant economic and safety impact. Corrosion cannot be avoided, but its severity can be prevented. Inhibitors have always been considered to be the first line of defense against corrosion. This research focuses into the usage of maize starch tapioca to improve mild steel corrosion inhibitors in seawater. The corrosion behaviour of mild steel in saltwater was investigated using gravimetric, potentiodynamic polarisation, and linear polarisation resistance measurements. The addition of maize starch greatly reduces the corrosion rates, corrosion current densities (icorr), and corrosion rates twofold (CR) in mild steel in seawater, while concurrently boosting the values of polarisation resistance (Rp). As the concentration of maize starch rises, so does the efficiency of inhibition. The prospective application of maize starch addressed in this study is in keeping with the current trend of environmentally responsible thinking.
Synthesis of PDMS-grafted-polyether and its application to polymer electrolyte
Authors: Iwata Y , Otora S , Uno T , Kubo M
Published: May 2022

A terpolymer, poly(ethylene oxide-co-propylene oxide-co-allyl glycidyl ether) (P(EO/PO/AGE)), was reacted with linear mono-functional hydride-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS-SiH) to obtain PDMS-grafted-polyether (PDMS-g-P(EO/PO/AGE)) by hydrosilylation. Three polyelectrolytes were prepared based on PDMS-g-P(EO/PO/AGE). Best result was obtained when 8wt% of PDMS was introduced onto polyether. Cyclic voltammetry measurement of the PDMS-g-P(EO/PO/AGE polyelectrolytes showed improvement of oxidative stability.
Joint remote preparation of a single-photon hyper-state with two pairs of hyper-Bell states
Authors: Bich Cao Thi , An Nguyen Ba
Published: May 2022

Hyper-entanglement is gaining more and more attentions thanks to its outstanding applications in processing quantum information. It is considered as a quantum resource in many important tasks. In this work, we deal with a tripartite task for three remote parties Alice, Bob and Charlie. Namely, Alice and Bob are two senders who independently share the full information of an arbitrary single-photon state which is encoded simultaneously in two different degrees of freedom, the spatial-mode degree of freedom and the polarization degree of freedom (hereafter called photon’s hyper-state). We show that Alice and Bob can jointly prepare for the receiver Charlie such a hyper-state of the photon when they share beforehand two pairs of hyper-Bell states.
Flood Inundation Analysis of Xun River Based on 1D and 2D Hydrodynamic Coupling Model
Authors: Zhao Long , Sang Guoqing
Published: May 2022

The Xun River is prone to flooding due to its tortuous course and low flood control standards. In this paper, the 1D and 2D hydrodynamic coupling model is used to simulate the flood situation of the Xun River in different return periods, obtain the initial inundation time, maximum inundation depth, maximum inundation area and other information of the flood, and comprehensively analyse the changes in the flood area of different water depth and different townships. The results show that with the increase of return period, the flood inundation range and inundation depth also increase, and the initial inundation time of the flood decreases; the proportion of shallow water areas of 0.05-0.5 meters decreases, and the proportion of deep water areas exceeding 3 meters increases; compared with the flood situation in different townships, Zhonglou Town is more seriously affected, and the area and population of various assets affected by the flood in Zhonglou Town are greater than that of Huangdun Town. This research provides guiding significance for the prevention and control of flood disasters in the Xun River and the rescue and disaster relief.
Multi-objective operation optimization method of integrated energy system considering energy saving
Authors: Yang Xuan , Zhu Chunjie , Wang Junhai , Wang Gang , Dong Hang
Published: May 2022

In order to improve the operating efficiency of the integrated energy system and reduce emissions, this paper proposes a multi-objective optimization method for the integrated energy system that considers energy saving. Set energy-saving goals, electric power balance, thermal power balance, operating cost constraints and other calculation equations. On the basis again, an optimization model of the integrated energy system is constructed. According to the characteristics of the constraint conditions, a penalty function is constructed, and the fuzzy satisfaction scheme is standardized to complete the operation optimization of the system. The analysis of calculation examples proves that the method in this paper can alleviate the environmental pollution problem, and can improve the operating efficiency and reduce the operating cost of the system.
Energy storage capacity planning method for urban integrated energy system considering uncertainty
Authors: Wu Xibin , Lou Yi , Wang Xiaodong
Published: May 2022

The conventional energy storage capacity planning method of urban integrated energy system has the problem of fuzzy coupling characteristics, which leads to the small energy storage capacity. A planning method of energy storage capacity of urban integrated energy system considering uncertainty is designed. Calculate the expected output value, to determine the optimal control targets, considering the uncertainty of power load forecasting, load combination forecast load density and space distribution, identification of urban comprehensive energy system coupling characteristics, optimize the distribution ratio of different energies, capture of power and steam energy, energy storage capacity planning design method. Experimental results: The average energy storage capacity planning method of the urban integrated energy system in this paper is 103.844MWh, 91.657MWh and 91.152MWh compared with the other two methods, indicating that the designed urban integrated energy system energy storage capacity planning method is more perfect after fully considering the uncertainty factors.
Ultra-short-term Forecast of Multi-energy load for Integrated Energy System based on Attention Mechanism and BiLSTM
Authors: Zheng Zhijie , Feng Liang , Liu Rui , Wang Xian , Sun Yi
Published: May 2022

Under the background of the continuous promotion of the construction of the integrated energy system (IES), accurate and rapid multi-type energy load prediction is of great significance to the safe and economic operation of IES. Traditional forecasting models are difficult to model complex fluctuations of multi-energy loads, cannot consider the correlation among different types of energy loads. For this reason, this paper presents an ultra-short-term prediction method for multi-energy load of integrated energy system based on attention mechanism and bi-directional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) network. It uses deep learning model to learn the feature information of time series, and uses attention mechanism and BiLSTM to improve the effectiveness of features. The validity of the algorithm is validated in the example section. The results show that the proposed method reduces the prediction error effectively compared with traditional methods.
Daily streamflow forecasting using hybrid long short-term memory model
Authors: Xie Mengfei , Wang Bangcan , Zhu Shuang , Ma Gaoquan , Yang Zhelin , Liu Bin , Jia Yugong
Published: May 2022

Characterized by heterogeneity, complexity and non-stationary, streamflow forecasting has always been a challenge in hydrological sciences. In this study, a multiscale wavelet decomposition method with long short-term memory model (WLSTM) is developed to handle the daily streamflow forecasting. Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is employed to extract multiscale features, which are then simulated by long short-term memory models (LSTMs), respectively. The outputs of the different scales LSTMs are finally reconstructed toward the forecasting results. Seven years daily streamflow sequences of three tributaries and one mainstream in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River are investigated by the WLSTM models. For comparison, standard LSTM, and traditional ANN are chosen for the same streamflow forecasting task. Experimental results show that the proposed hybrid model is better than other comparison models in terms of evaluation indicators. Considering that large floods often occur in the Yangtze River Basin, the performance of flood forecasting is also analyzed and the result shows that forecasting errors of WLSTM are more concentrated, which means WLSTM outperforms traditional ANN and LSTM for the extreme flood forecasting.
Static characteristics of high-speed bubble-oil-lubricated spiral groove thrust bearing
Authors: Zhou Feida , Jiang Shuyun
Published: May 2022

In this paper, the effect of bubble oil on the performance of spiral groove thrust bearing is Investigated. A theoretical model for thrust bearing is established based on bubble-oil two-phase flow considering centrifugal effect and viscosity-temperature relationship. The static characteristics of thrust bearing are analyzed. The result shows that both of viscosity-temperature effect and centrifugal effect can reduce the load capacity and friction torque. Meanwhile, with the increase of aeration level in bubble oil, the capacity, friction torque and maximum temperature rise of spiral groove thrust bearing are lower.
Simulation research of single phase half wave controllable rectifier circuit based on MATLAB
Authors: Cui Jingwei
Published: May 2022

The function of the rectifier circuit is to convert AC electrical energy into DC electrical energy to provide energy for DC electrical equipment. The input end of the single phase rectifier circuit is a single phase AC power supply. The working principle of the single phase rectifier circuit is related to its load, the load is different, and its working process is also different. In this paper, MATLAB 9.5 software is used to simulate the single phase half wave controllable rectifier circuit under different load working conditions. In this paper, MATLAB9.5 is used to simulate the single-phase half-wave controllable rectifier circuit, study the working process under different load conditions,and analyze the working principle of the rectifier circuit, which is the research of the single phase half wave controllable rectifier circuit in practical industry and application provide a very important reference.
Research on the Reflection Characteristics of the Shock Wave Boundary in the Numerical Simulation of Underwater Explosion
Authors: Fang Houlin , Zhang Dezhi , Guo Quanshi , Lu Qiang , Zhang Liangyong , Li Ao , Liu Yunzhe
Published: May 2022

A two-dimensional axisymmetric model of the underwater explosion is established in this paper. After verification by empirical formula, the variation law of the reflection coefficient of the shock wave with different boundary sizes under different boundary conditions is studied. The results show that the peak pressure of the near-field shock wave is relatively close to the empirical formula. The calculated value of the far-field shock wave peak pressure is smaller than the empirical value, and refining the mesh can make the near-field shock wave peak pressure closer to Cole’s empirical formula; when the “Flow-out” boundary condition is set, with the increase of the proportional boundary size, the boundary pressure decreases and the reflection coefficient increases. When the proportional boundary size reaches 5, the reflection coefficient of the boundary is the same as that without the “Flow-out” boundary, which is close to 90%.
FPGA implementation of RDMA for ATLAS readout with FELIX at high luminosity LHC
Authors: Vasile M. , Martoiu S. , Boukadida N. , Antonescu M. , Ulmamei A. , Stoicea G. , Hobincu R. , Iordache C.
Published: May 2022

The FELIX system is used as an interface between front-end electronics and commodity hardware in the server farm. FELIX is using RDMA through RoCE to transmit data from its host servers to the software readout driver using off-the-shelf networking equipment. RDMA communication is implemented using software on both end of the links. Exploring opportunities to improve data throughput as part of the high luminosity LHC upgrade, an implementation for RDMA support in the front-end FELIX FPGA is being developed. We present a proof-of-concept RDMA FPGA implementation, which will help inform the design of the FELIX platform for high luminosity LHC.
Readout system for a prototype multi-purpose time projection chamber at CSNS Back-n
Authors: Chen Z. , Feng C. , Chen H. , Fan R. , Yi H. , Zhang Z. , Gu M. , Zhang M. , Jia W. , Wang J. , Liu S.
Published: May 2022

This paper presents a readout system for a prototype
multi-purpose Time Projection Chamber (MTPC), which is developed for
the research of neutron-induced light-charged particles emission
reaction. The prototype MTPC consists of 1521 readout channels for
charge measurements, track reconstruction, and neutron
time-of-flight measurement. The main function of the readout system
is to perform 1521-channel waveform digitization based on
multi-channel analog to digital converters (ADCs). Digital waveform
compression, multi-board time synchronization, and many other
efforts have been made to ensure system performance and
stability. Test results show that the readout system has a time
resolution better than 10 ns at a trigger rate of 20 kHz. With a
2.8 pC dynamic range of charge measurement, the noise without any
input load is around 0.76 fC (in RMS), and the nonlinearity of each
channel is less than 0.35%. A beam test with 6Li target has
been carried out at the back-streaming white neutron source (Back-n)
of China Spallation Neutron Source. The tracks of particles from
neutron-induced reactions have been successfully reconstructed. The
time-of-flight distribution of the 6Li(n,α)3H
reaction reveals the resonance peak at about 240 keV. These
results indicate that the readout system fulfils the requirements of
the prototype MTPC.
A low power asynchronous column-parallel 10-bit analog to digital converter with a high input impedance
Authors: Vančura P. , Gečnuk J. , Jakovenko J. , Janoška Z. , Jirsa J. , Kafka V. , Korchak O. , Kostina A. , Lednický D. , Marčišovská M. , Marčišovský M. , Tomášek L.
Published: May 2022

This paper proposes a low power 10-bit asynchronous
fully-differential column analog to digital converter (ADC) with
successive approximation (SAR) and charge redistribution in
a 180 nm SoI technology. The ADC is designed for use in Spacepix-2
monolithic active pixel sensor. A novel folded architecture of
internal capacitive digital to analog converter (CDAC) is
proposed. The total capacitance of CDAC is 512 fF, with a single
unit capacitor capacitance only 0.5 fF and a size of
2.5 × 1.4 μm2. The total input capacitance of the
proposed column ADC is only 220 fF. Two columns of a pixel matrix
share a single ADC to double layout width. The layout area is
120 × 923 μm2. The sample rate is 4 MSps with power
consumption of 225 μW from 1.8 V power supply.
Transitions to new climates (TNCs) in the 21st century
Authors: Giorgi Filippo , Raffaele Francesca
Published: May 2022

We introduce the concept of transition to a new climate (TNC) based on ensembles of model projections. We consider a variable whose distribution due to interannual variability and inter-model spread of responses within a given time slice is measured by a certain compounded standard deviation, a TNC then occurs when the mean change signal of the variable between a future and a reference period exceeds the sum of the standard deviations for the two periods multiplied by a factor, taken here as 1.6 (see text). We calculate TNCs of regional mean annual surface air temperature from the CMIP6 ensemble of 21st century projections for 31 regions of the globe and four SSP scenarios. For the high-end scenarios, SSP5-8.5 and SSP3-7.0, we find the occurrence of at least one TNC in all regions and a second TNC in 15 and 10 regions, respectively, primarily located in tropical and mid-latitude regions and separated by about 40–45 years. For 30 out of 31 regions there is occurrence of a single TNC in the mid-level SSP2-4.5 scenario, while only 20 out of 31 regions experience a TNC in the low end SSP1-2.6. High latitude and polar regions tend to experience fewer and later occurring TNCs than low latitude ones, due to their larger interannual variability and inter-model response. On the one hand, the occurrence of at least one TNC, and in some scenarios and regions two TNCs, imply severe stress for adaptation of natural ecosystems and different socioeconomic sectors. On the other, the pronounced reduction of TNC occurrence in the low end scenarios point to the urgency of implementing effective mitigation policies to curb global warming.
Robust increase in population exposure to heat stress with increasing global warming
Authors: Freychet Nicolas , Hegerl Gabriele C , Lord Natalie S , Lo Y T Eunice , Mitchell Dann , Collins Matthew
Published: May 2022

Extreme heat, particularly if combined with humidity, poses a severe risk to human health. To estimate future global risk of extreme heat with humidity on health, we calculate indicators of heat stress that have been commonly used: the Heat Index, the Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature and the Wet-Bulb Temperature, from the latest Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) projections. We analyse how and where different levels of heat stress hazards will change, from severe to deadly, and how results are sensitive to the choice of the index used. We evaluate this risk at country-level and use population and GDP

|

PPP growth scenario to estimate the vulnerability of each nation. Consistent with previous studies, we find that South and East Asia, and the Middle-East, are highly exposed to heat stress hazards, and that this exposure increases by 20%–60% with global mean temperature change from 1.5 to 3 ∘C. However, we also find substantial increases in heat health risk for some vulnerable countries with less adaptive capacity, such as West Africa, and Central and South America. For these regions, about 20 to more than 50% of the population could be exposed to severe heat stress each year on average, independent of the index used. For global warming of 3∘, European countries and the USA will also be exposed several times per year to conditions with daily mean heat stress level equal to the maximum heat stress of the 2003 heat wave.
Real-time visualisation and optimisation of acoustic waves carrying orbital angular momentum
Authors: Lin Po-Cheng , Gibson Graham M , Padgett Miles J
Published: May 2022

Travelling waves, such as light and sound, can carry angular momentum. Orbital angular momentum (OAM) is one of the components which is determined by the helicity of the phase fronts. The helical waveform is characterised in terms of an integer l and an azimuthal phase term of exp(−ilθ), but for |l| > 1 the resulting high-order beam structure is unstable to perturbation. In this work, using Fourier transform profilometry and stroboscopic imaging techniques, we demonstrate the real-time visualisation of the OAM-carrying acoustic waveform by imaging the pressure imprint of the acoustic wave on a thin rubber sheet. Furthermore, based on the visualised waveform, we are able to optimise high-order (|l| > 1) OAM states by controlling the individual elements of the acoustic source. Beyond the study of acoustic OAM, the real-time monitoring and optimising methods could be a benefit to other applications requiring acoustic waveform shaping, such as acoustic communications, acoustic holograms, etc.
Quantifying incompatibility of quantum measurements through non-commutativity
Authors: Mordasewicz Krzysztof , Kaniewski Jędrzej
Published: May 2022

The existence of incompatible measurements, i.e. measurements which cannot be performed simultaneously on a single copy of a quantum state, constitutes an important distinction between quantum mechanics and classical theories. While incompatibility might at first glance seem like an obstacle, it turns to be a necessary ingredient to achieve the so-called quantum advantage in various operational tasks like random access codes or key distribution. To improve our understanding of how to quantify incompatibility of quantum measurements, we define and explore a family of incompatibility measures based on non-commutativity. We investigate some basic properties of these measures, we show that they satisfy some natural information-processing requirements and we fully characterize the pairs which achieve the highest incompatibility (in a fixed dimension). We also consider the behavior of our measures under different types of compositions. Finally, to link our new measures to existing results, we relate them to a robustness-based incompatibility measure and two operational scenarios: random access codes and entropic uncertainty relations.
Home Delivery Trip Generation Model
Authors: Fadhlansyah Andika , Nahry
Published: May 2022

As a result of online shopping’s rapid development, more goods and services are being delivered directly into residences. The number of people who shop online using e-commerce platforms also increases with the Covid-19 pandemic and causes an increase in freight trip generation. This research aims to analyze the factors that affect freight trip generation and develop a freight trip generation model for home deliveries. Data collection is done using questionnaires with 273 people who reside in Jabodetabek as samples to understand the individual characteristics, household characteristics, and the number of freight trips generated by each residential unit. Collected data is analyzed using the multiple linear regression method into a multiple linear regression model. The result shows on multiple linear regression modeling only the home type, household income, and the number of vehicles have significance towards the model. This research can be used by city transportation authorities as a reference to predict the impact of urban area’s development on freight trip generation.
An overview of inland freight transportation in Indonesia based on vehicle operating cost
Authors: Anas Ridwan , Surbakti Medis S , Hastuty Ika Puji
Published: May 2022

From an economic point of view, the high cost of freight transportation is indicated to increase the production of cost and weaken the industrial sector’s competitiveness. Indonesia’s logistic cost is the highest in Southeast Asia, which has absorbed more than 26% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The operational costs of truck transportation, as the major freight transportation in Indonesia, is the highest compared to the operational cost of trucks in Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, and China. This paper introduces the issues related to the costs of inland freight transportation in Indonesia. The results show that high operational costs are caused by geographic, trip length, congestion, imbalance of freight movement, waiting time and the disutility of truck. Meanwhile, fuel consumption is a major component of the high transportation costs.
The Externality Of Parcel Locker Service
Authors: Meliaresti Mia , Nahry
Published: May 2022

A type of e-commerce which is growing rapidly is B2C (Business-to-Customer), thus, home delivery, the delivery service that supports this activity, is also developing. As the result, there is competition between home delivery services that causes last mile segment to become fragmented. Parcel locker exists to improve the operational effectiveness of home delivery. Additionally, planning for the delivery of goods has not considered the externalities that may arise from the delivery trips to the impactees. This study aims to analyse the effectiveness of the parcel locker to reduce the external costs due to the CO2 emissions produced by the delivery trips. The effectiveness is represented as a comparison between the external costs of the parcel locker and the one of home delivery service. The result showed that in term of externalities reduction due to CO2 emissions home delivery are three to seven times more effective than parcel locker. To increase the use of parcel locker, it is necessary to relax the delivery slot-time arrangement in order to reduce the externalities while maintaining good service to customers.
Pedestrian Volume Characteristic in The Commercial Area in Yogyakarta
Authors: Muttaqin Muchammad Zaenal , Munawar Ahmad , Irawan Muhammad Zudhy
Published: May 2022

Pedestrians are different from vehicles. Pedestrian has its unique characteristic, especially for its flexibility in traffic. Pedestrians play an important role in supporting sustainable roads as the impact from the vehicle such as pollution, even crowded vehicles create more problems than pedestrians. Pedestrians’ characteristics can be divided based on their activity, area, and even based on their behaviour when they are walking. All pedestrian management policies must be started from knowing local and then global characteristics. This will serve more details about pedestrian lanes, and can also be used to derive fundamental parameters for pedestrian operations and to create pedestrian models. In traffic research, one of the volume functions related to speed and density was also used to pre-analyze pedestrian behaviour. The purpose of this study was to introduce the local characteristic of pedestrians in Yogyakarta as a basic term for making regulations or policies as well as better planning for pedestrian lanes. The results showed that pedestrian volume had different characteristics between morning flow and afternoon flow. The characteristic volume of the morning flow tended to decrease due to the difference in temperatures which was lower in the morningandhigher temperatures during the day. As for the afternoon flow, pedestrian fluctuations increased duetothe temperatures decreasefromnoonto evening. This was reinforced byan independent T test. Another result showed that pedestrians groupsdominated the shopping area, hospital area, as well as public space. Lastly, the characteristics ofpedestriansin the sidewalk commercial areaalsohad different characteristicsin terms of carrying goods, whereas the shopping areasweremoredominatedbypedestrianscarrying goodsthan others. These basic terms were expected to be the basic foundation for managing and planning pedestrian lanes based on their local characteristics.
Modeling the performance of passenger public transportation service in Salatiga City
Authors: Handajani M , Firmawan F , Harmini
Published: May 2022

The Public transportation system is one of the main indicators to show the increase in efficiency and productivity of a city. Meanwhile, the public transportation services in Salatiga City were observed to be averagely good but have some classic obstacles such as the absence of bus stops to pick up passengers and non-determination of the fare to be paid by the passengers per kilometer. This study was, therefore, conducted to model the performance of public transportation in Salatiga City. The results showed that 9 fleets with a route length of 6.2 km which has a load factor of 72% because Tamansari – Blotongan is one of the routes most traveled by the passengers are sufficient for the needs of the passengers. It was also discovered that 70% of the people prefer public transportation due to its cheapness, 55% fastness, and 77.5% because it is safe while 10% were found to be satisfied with the waiting time. Moreover, a real-time passenger information system was observed to have the ability to determine the position of public transport passengers while the Radio Frequency Identification Device (RFID) network was able to estimate the number of passengers currently limited due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The first section in your paper
Evaluation of the Green Transportation Concept in the Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University Campus
Authors: Bethary Rindu Twidi , Budiman Arief , Intari Dwi Esti , Ramdhan Dandy
Published: May 2022

A green campus is an environmentally friendly concept that promotes the creation and the use of transportation means with minimal effects on people and the environment. Notably, the green campus program is adapted to create awareness in the campus community to make the environment habitable. This research used UI GreenMetric World University Rankings with 8 green transportation criteria to conduct the assessment. Based on the observation and analysis, a total of 1475 from a maximum value of 1800 was obtained. This was 81.9%, which means that green transportation at Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University is progressing. However, several improvements need to be made, including special policies to restrict vehicles from entering the campus, developing emission-free transportation, and making an integrated parking building.
Determination of Junction Geometrical Design for Pedestrian and Bicycle Movement (Case Study): Duren Sawit
Authors: Pratama Muhammad Ariel , Tjahjono Tri
Published: May 2022

East Jakarta has the highest amount of traffic accident than other cities in Jakarta for the last few years, indicating the need of traffic improvement on their safety, particularly for active mobility. Various projects have been implemented in Jakarta to improve its serviceability for pedestrian and bicycle user to drive the habit of active mobility. However, they still not have been implemented in Jakarta as a whole. This paper aims to do traffic improvement on a particular unsafe intersection in East Jakarta. Intersection itself is chosen as pedestrian and bicycle user are the most vulnerable when using it. Through comparative study cases, this paper is expected to determine appropriate junction geometrical designs that improve its safety for pedestrian and bicycle movement, while maintaining its performance, such as its capacity, degree of saturation, and delay. The study shows that junction geometrical improvement with several adjustments can improves its serviceability for active mobility.
Microscopic Analysis of the Transportation Modes and Movement of Pedestrians in Dukuh Atas Transit-Oriented Development Area Using PTV Viswalk
Authors: Ivan Adwitiya R , Jachrizal Sumabrata R
Published: May 2022

DKI Jakarta is experiencing several economic obstacles as observed in the prevalence of traffic congestion which has prompted the government to build the first transit-oriented development (TOD) area in the city. The first is the TOD Dukuh Atas as indicated by the current integration of 4 modes of transportation as well as the ongoing construction of Dukuh Atas LRT Station in an area outside the existing TOD. This is to integrate the access through the use of a multipurpose Skyride. Therefore, this research was conducted to analyze the level of service (LOS) for the pedestrians in the existing and ultimate areas using the PTV Viswalk software. The LOS was simulated in the Dukuh Atas TOD Area in the form of the Dukuh Atas JPM based on two scenarios. Scenario 1 is 25% people leaving and 75% entering through the LRT series while Scenario 2 is 50% entering and 50% leaving. The results showed a very bad level of service, LOS F, in several areas for Scenario 2 and this means there is a need for improvement. Therefore, the proposed suggestions were simulated and the minimum LOS produced for all the access was category C.