bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated with High Rates of Recurrence of Amebic Liver Abscess (ALA) in North India
Authors: Singh Aradhana , Banerjee Tuhina , Shukla Sunit Kumar
Published: January 2021

Recurrence of amebic liver abscess (ALA), once considered unusual, is increasingly being reported, despite proper management. Realizing the endemicity of ALA in the study setup, this 2-year follow-up study was conducted to investigate the recurrent cases and study the associated factors. A total of 101 confirmed cases of ALA were followed up for a period of 2 years. Recurrent cases were studied for associated bacterial flora, presence of resistance genes (nim), level of matrix metalloproteinase 3 and MMP-9, and genotypes of Entamoeba histolytica and statistically compared with the nonrecurrent cases as controls. Recurrence rates of 8.9% (nine patients) were detected. The presence of Prevotella along with an increased level of MMP-9 in abscess fluid and large size of abscesses (11 × 10.8 cm) was found to be significantly associated with recurrence in ALA. Among the nine cases, the presence of nimE gene was detected in two (22.2%) patients. The genotyping of E. histolytica strains showed that in seven (77.7%) cases, the genotype of E. histolytica was the same in the primary and recurrent samples. This study reports a high rate of recurrence in the cases of ALA, hinting toward the gradual development of clinical resistance toward the commonly used drug. The presence of nim gene and Prevotella in abscess fluid along with increased MMP-9 levels and large abscess size could be important predictors of recurrent ALA.
Phytochemical profile and antioxidant properties of leaves extracts from Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile and their allelopathic potential on terrestrial plant species
Authors: Nakbi H. , Dallel W. , Hammami S. , Mighri Z.
Published: January 2021

Dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts obtained from Posidonia oceanica (L.) leaves, were examined in order to determine their total phenolic, flavonoid, flavonol, anthocyanin and condensed tannins contents as well as their antioxidant and allelopathic activities. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of crude extracts confirmed the presence of coumarins in dichloromethane, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts. The antioxidant activity estimated using the DPPH assay was significantly more pronounced for the ethyl acetate extract (IC50 = 1.19±0.018 mg/mL) than that of the other extracts. The allelopathic effect against the seeds of Carum carvi (L.) and Foeniculum vulgare (Mill.) indicated that, depending on concentration, the extracts from the leaves of P. oceanic (L.) inhibited or stimulated at different concentrations the germination, shoot and root elongation of seedlings growth. The results of this study suggest that P. oceanica (L.) extracts could be useful as a natural source of health-promoting effects and herbicides.

                   

KEY WORDS: Posidonia oceanic (L.), Phytochemical profile, Phenolic compounds, Antioxidant activity, Carum carvi (L.), Foeniculum vulgare (Mill)

 

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(3), 437-447.

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i3.1
Synthesis and characterization of CdS/UiO-66/Ag3PO4 nanocomposite for photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange under visible light irradiation
Authors: Kebede T. , M. Taddesse A. , Ergedo B.
Published: January 2021

Single, binary and ternary nanomaterials were synthesized by precipitation, solvothermal, simple solution and impregnation methods to serve as photocatalysts. The crystal structure, morphology, band gap energy, functional groups and optical properties of these materials were characterized by XRD, SEM-EDX, UV-Vis, FTIR, and PL instrumental techniques, respectively. Photocatalaytic degradation performances of all the as-synthesized photocatalysts were investigated under visible light irradiation using MO as a model organic pollutant. The photocatalytic degradation performances of all the photocatalysts were evaluated on aqueous solution of the model pollutant dye as well as on a real sewage sample solution collected from Bahir Dar Textile Share Company. Results suggested that the optimized ternary nanocomposite photocatalyst exhibited a relatively higher efficiency towards the photodegradation of both the methyl orange (MO) dye solution (90%) and the real sewage sample solution (71.2%). The effect of operational parameters such as pH (4), initial dye concentration (10 mg/L) and photocatalyst load (0.2 g/L) in MO dye degradation were investigated by using the ternary CdS/UiO-66/Ag3PO4 (R4) nanocomposite.

                   

KEY WORDS: Metal-organic frameworks, Nanocomposite, Ternary system, Photocatalysts, Methyl orange

 

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(3), 571-588.

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i3.12
Electrochemical studies of 1-ferrocenylmethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium iodide and 1-(ferrocenylmethyl)-3-mesityl-imidazolium iodide: redox potential and substituent effects
Authors: N. Salah N. , Abdelkrim R. , F. Pierre D. , Samuel D. , Fadila L.
Published: January 2021

The electrochemical behavior of 1-ferrocenylmethyl-3-(methyl)-imidazolium iodide (or mesityl) imidazolium was studied by cyclic voltammetry at glassy carbon electrode in midiums organic to determine the influences of electronic imidazolium group on the ferrocene. The experimental results indicated that the redox reaction was reversible. Mass transport towards the electrode is a simple diffusion process and the diffusion coefficient (D) for redox couple has been also calculated and we have evaluated the heterogeneous charge transfer rate constant (K0).

                   

KEY WORDS: Electrochemical behaviour, Cyclic voltammetry, Imidazolium salts, Diffusion coefficient

 

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(3), 605-612.

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i3.15
Interactions mechanism of commonly used drugs for the treatment of Covid-19
Authors: Celik S. , D. Demirag A. , E. Ozel A. , Akyuz S.
Published: January 2021

In this study conformation analysis of seven drugs commonly used in the treatment of COVID-19 was performed. The most stable conformers of the drug molecules were used as initial data for docking analysis. Using the Cavityplus program, the probable most active binding sites of both apo and holo forms of COVID-19 main protease enzyme (Mpro) and spike glycoprotein of SARSCoV-2 receptors were determined. The interaction mechanisms of the 7 FDA approved drugs (arbidol, colchicine, dexamethasone, favipiravir, galidesivir, hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir) were examined using the AutoDock Vina program. The six of the seven drugs were found to be more stable in binding to apo form of COVID-19 Mpro and spike glycoprotein. Moreover, a set of molecular mechanics (MM) Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) surface area (SA) calculations on the investigated drugs-protein systems were performed and the estimated binding free energy of remdesivir and the apo form of Mpro system was found to be the best. The interaction results of FDA drugs with the apo form of COVID-19 Mpro and spike glycoprotein can play an important role for the treatment of COVID-19.

                   

KEY WORDS: COVID-19, Drugs, Molecular modelling, Conformational analysis, Molecular docking

 

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(3), 613-623.

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i3.16
Chemical constituents and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of Piper abbreviatum Opiz
Authors: M. N. H. W. Salleh W. , A. Nafiah M. , H. Yen K. , Kassim H. , Tawang A.
Published: January 2021

Plants of the genus Piper have long been used as medicinal herbs. The chemistry of Piper species has been widely investigated and phytochemical investigations conducted in all parts of the world have led to the isolation of a number of physiologically active compounds. Thus, this study was carried out to investigate the phytochemicals from Piper abbreviatum and their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, which has not been previously investigated. Fractionation and purification of the aerial parts of P. abbreviatum led to the isolation and identification of five methoxylated flavonoids, namely 5,7-dimethoxyflavone, 4ʹ,5,7-trimethoxyflavone, 3',4',5,7-tetramethoxyflavone, 5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone, 5-hydroxy-4ʹ,7-dimethoxyflavone, together with lupeol, lupenone, β-sitosterol, and β-sitostenone. The structures of these compounds were obtained by analysis of their spectroscopic data, as well as the comparison with that of reported data. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity revealed that all isolated flavones were found to inhibit AChE with percentage inhibition values ranged from 24.2 to 58.2%. This is the first report on the isolation of methoxylated flavonoid from P. abbreviatum. The high variants of flavonoid compounds from this species may be used as chemotaxonomic markers for this Piper species.

                   

KEY WORDS: Piperaceae, Piper, Piper abbreviatum, Flavonoid, Acetylcholinesterase

 

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(3), 625-632.

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i3.17
Chemical constituents of Eremomastax speciosa (Hochst.) Cufod leaves and its cytotoxic potential on NIH-3T3 cells
Authors: O. Eve M. , N. Alfred T. , I. Akripo I. , E. Ubana E. , M. Choudhary I.
Published: January 2021

This study aimed at assessing the cytotoxicity of Eremomastax speciosa crude extract on NIH-3T3 fibroblast cell lines and reporting the chemical constituents in the extract. The MTT assay on NIH-3T3 cells showed a significantly lower (p < 0.05) inhibition from E. speciosa (IC50 > 30 µg/mL) compared to cyclohexamide (IC50 > 0.8 µg/mL). This result validates the non-toxicity observed with the use of E. speciosa on normal cells at low to moderate doses. Four compounds were isolated and identified from their EIMS as well as 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data namely hydroxyandrographolide (1), stigmasterol glucoside (2), (Z)-4-coumaric acid 4-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1’’→2’)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3) and 5-methoxy-4,4′-di-O-methyl- secolariciresinol-9′-monoacetate (4). These compounds are isolated from this species for the first time. Thirteen volatile constituents were detected in the extract using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Besides 6,10,14-trimethy-2-pentadecanone (12.63%), mostly fatty acid esters were detected in high amounts notably ethyl hexadecanoate (16.00%), ethyl-9,12,15-octadecatrienoate (11.51%) and 9,12-octadecadienoic acid ethyl ester (8.05%). This study revealed many unsaturated fatty acid esters in E. speciosa and is noteworthy that ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acid esters were predominant, hence an added nutritional value to this plant.

                   

KEY WORDS: Eremomastax speciosa, Secondary metabolites, NIH-3T3 cytotoxicity, NMR, GC-MS

 

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(3), 633-640.

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i3.18
Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activities of heteroleptic metal chelates of isoniazid and 2,2’-bipyridine
Authors: F. Akinyele O. , G. Fakola E. , M. Durosinmi L. , A. Ajayeoba T. , O. Ayeni A.
Published: January 2021

The Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes of isoniazid (L1) mixed with 2,2-bipyridine (L2) were synthesized and characterized by solubility studies, percentage metal analysis, UV-Vis spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, conductivity measurements and magnetic moment measurements. The IR spectra revealed that the isoniazid coordinated as a bidentate ligand. In Co(II) and Ni(II) complex it coordinated  via the carbonyl oxygen (C=O) and the amide nitrogen, while in the Cu(II), Mn(II) and Zn(II) complexes it coordinated using the amide and carbonyl oxygen via enolization. Bipyridine also bonded to the metals as a bidentate ligand through the pyridinic nitrogen atoms. The magnetic data showed that all the complexes were paramagnetic with values ranging from 1.70 to 5.0 B.M., except [Zn(Is)(Bipy)(H2O)Cl2] which was diamagnetic. The conductivity results revealed that the Cu(II), Mn(II), Zn(II) complexes were 1:1 electrolytes while Co(II) was 1:2 electrolyte and [Ni(Is)(Bipy)Cl2] was non-electrolytic in nature. The antibacterial activities of the ligands and the complexes as evaluated via the agar diffusion method showed that the complexes displayed moderately high antimicrobial activity in comparison with the free ligands when tested against ten strains of bacteria.

                   

KEY WORDS: Isoniazid, Electronic structure, Geometry, Antimicrobial activity, Electrolytic nature, Magnetic moment

 

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(3), 471-478.

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i3.4
Preparation and characterization of a gadolinium compound with high thermal stability
Authors: T. Chen W.
Published: January 2021

A new lanthanide compound [Gd(2,5-HPA)(2,5-PA)]n (1; 2,5-H2PA = 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid) was obtained through hydrothermal reactions and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It possesses a three-dimensional (3-D) framework structure. Solid-state photoluminescence experiment revealed that it shows dark blue emission band, which can be assigned to the characteristic emission of the 4f electron intrashell transition of 6P7/2 → 8S7/2 (Gd3+). The energy transfer mechanism was explained by an energy level diagram of the gadolinium ion and 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid ligand. It displayed remarkable CIE chromaticity coordinates of 0.1346 and 0.0678. The solid-state UV/Vis diffuse reflectance spectra unveiled that it possesses a wide optical band gap of 3.52 eV. Thermogravimetry (TG) measurements revealed that this compound is highly thermal stable up to around 500 °C.

                   

KEY WORDS: CIE, Energy transfer, Lanthanide, Photoluminescence, Thermal stability

 

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(3), 479-488.

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i3.5
Mixed isatin with 3-(2-(aryl)hydrazono)acetylacetone Mn(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes: antibacterial evaluation and molecular properties prediction
Authors: S. Hassan A.
Published: January 2021

The metal complexes {Ni (II), Co (II) and Mn (II)} of 3-(2-(aryl)hydrazono)acetylacetone with isatin were synthesized and screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against four pathogenic microorganisms {two Gram‐positive and two Gram negative}. The results of antibacterial activities revealed that all the metal complexes 1-9 exhibited moderate activities. Also, Lipinski's rule of five (RO5) of the mixed ligand metal complexes were calculated by SwissADME website.

                   

KEY WORDS: Isatin, 3-(2-(Aryl)hydrazono)acetylacetone, Metal complexes, Antibacterial activities, Lipinski rules

 

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(3), 533-541. 

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i3.9
THE APPLICATION OF BALANCED SCORECARD IN UNIVERSITIES IN VIETNAM
Authors: DUNG NGUYỄN NGỌC KHÁNH
Published: January 2021

Balanced scorecard (BSC) is the most important and influential management tool in the field of management and performance evaluation in developed countries (Lakshmi Narayanamma et al., 2016). BSC was first introduced by Kaplan & Norton in 1992 and widely used in business sector and education sector around the world as a strategic management system to improve the organization’s performance. Vietnam is a developing country, increasingly deeper and wider integration into the world economy, so the renovation and application of modern management tools are essential. This paper aims not only at proposing an adapted BSC to the public universities in Vietnam, but it also aims at suggesting performance measure indicators (PMIs) in general. The application of BSC is necessary when universities are always concerned about the results of training (but not financial results) to provide top quality education which are skilled graduates for the society.
DETERMINANTS OF SYSTEMATIC RISK IN HO CHI MINH CITY’ S REAL ESTATE COMPANIES
Authors: PHƯỢNG NGUYỄN THỊ MỸ
Published: January 2021

This paper aims to investigate factors affecting systematic risk in Ho Chi Minh City’s real estate companies for the period of 2010-2018. The research includes two stages: (i) Measuring systematic risk in Ho Chi Minh City's real estate companies following the approach of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) of Sharpe [42] and Lintner [20]; (ii) Applying the panel data regression following Pooled OLS (POLS), Fixed Effect (FEM), Random Effect (REM) and General Method of Moments (GMM) models with two-step difference to identify factors affecting systematic risk in Ho Chi Minh City’s real estate companies. Findings from Ho Chi Minh City’s real estate companies indicate that financial leverage, interest rates, inflation are positively associated with the systematic risk, while systematic risk in the past, profitability, liquidity, real estate price index, land access index, economic growth, interest rates, banking sector fragility index and Government efficiency are negatively related to the systematic risk. This unique finding proposes significant implications for real estate executives, investors and policymakers.
System Analysis and Reliability Analysis for Environmental Test Chambers
Authors: Gu Chaoyang , Zhai Lin , Gu Wei , Sun Yuyu , Han Chengjing , Zhou Xianwen , Niu Wangqiang
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this paper is to present the results of the application of various models to estimate the reliability of environmental test chambers, especially, the methodology proposed by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), using the Homogeneous Poisson process (HPP) and Non-Homogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) models, is adopted first, and then, a non-monotonic trend test and bathtub curve intensity function not covered by IEC are used, and supplementary analysis is used to characterize the resulting failure intensity. For the first time, the stochastic process model was applied to evaluate the reliability of 20 environmental test chambers. The results show that the IEC standards process is suitable for the reliability evaluation of a single chamber, and 16 chambers conform to the HPP model and 4 chambers conform to the NHPP model. However, there is the power-law model (PLP) rejection cases among the overall description of multiple chambers by the IEC model. The rejected cases were analyzed again by using a non-monotonic trend test and constructing a double Weibull process tub curve strength function, and the 3-stage time interval of the bathtub curve failure is obtained, which is in line with the actual operation data. The Ward clustering method is used for the mean time between failures of 20 chambers, resulting in 4 types of chamber groups with different reliability values (71,52,100,130 days), which is of great significance for studying the reliability of the environmental test chamber and carrying out customized maintenance.
Dapatkah Perempuan Menjadi Pendeta? Tafsiran terhadap 1 Korintus 14:34-35 dan 1 Timotius 2:9-15
Authors: Surbakti Noel , Haloho Sary
Published: January 2021

For a long time, the role of women was restricted and even prohibited from being involved in church ministry. Even more specifically, there are still views that prohibit or reject the role of women as pastors in the church. Some have used the text of 1 Corinthians 14:34-35 and 1 Timothy 2:9-15 as a biblical foundation to strengthening this views. However, the I see that these two texts can’t be used as a biblical foundation to prohibiting or rejecting the role of women as pastors in the church. Therefore, I will reinterpret these two texts by paying attention to the context of the text and its literary elements. This is necessary to find the true meaning what Paul told in both of texts. Based on this interpretation, it will found that Paul did not prohibit the involvement of women in church in every place and time. Paul's words in the text were responded to the problems faced by the church in each text and cannot be applied absolutely in every place and time
Installation de bibliothèques Python avec pip
Authors: Gibbs Fred
Published: January 2021

Il existe de nombreuses manières d'installer des bibliothèques Python externes; cette leçon explique l'une des méthodes les plus courantes utilisant pip.
Peran Gereja dalam Transformasi Pelayanan Diakonia
Authors: Para Nimrot Doke , Tari Ezra , Ruku Welfrid F.
Published: January 2021

Tulisan  ini mengungkapkan pelayanan diakonia gereja. Berangkat dari kegelisahan penulis mengenai kemiskinan di Indonesia, terutama di Nusa Tenggara Timur. Penulis memokuskan di wilayah pelayanan jemaat Ora Et Labora Oesapa. Pendekatan yang dipakai penulis ada kualitatif deskriptif. Berdasarkan penelitian, penulis menemukan, Pertama, diakonia masih berfokus pada karitatif belum mengembangkan transformatis secara maksimal.  Kedua, diakonia belum efektif karena belum menyentuh kebutuhan jemaat secara kontekstual. Ketiga, pelayan diakonia belum menemukan dengan baik cara mengatasi kemiskinan
A Hybrid Optimization Algorithm on Cluster Head Selection to Extend Network Lifetime in WSN
Authors: Yin Sim Sze , Danieli Yoni
Published: January 2021

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) comprise of a number of sensor nodes that are capable of sensing and aggregating the data from the monitoring environment. However, the process of recharging the limited energy sensor node batteries are highly difficult during adverse situations. This limitation of sensor nodes greatly crumbles the network lifetime to a maximum degree and degrades the level of reliable data dissemination. In this paper, a Novel Individual Updating Strategies-based Hybrid Elephant Herding Optimization Algorithm (NIUS-HEHOA) is planned for facilitating energy balanced cluster head selection for the objective of extending the network lifetime. It included energy-aware optimization process during the clustering schemes, since it is considered as a solution to the significant NP complete optimization problem. It is propounded as a swarm intelligent algorithms are identified to be the most applicable candidate for energy optimization that leads to significant improvement in network lifetime. It is contributed to maintain the deviation between exploitation and exploration such that least potential sensor nodes are prevented from being chosen as cluster heads. The simulation experiments confirmed that the proposed NIUSHEHOA scheme is better than the benchmarked schemes in terms of alive nodes, dead nodes, residual energy, network lifetime and throughput.
The Influence of Work Motivation, Work Discipline and Interpersonal Communication on the JHS Teacher Performance in Samarinda Ulu Sub-District
Authors: Haruna Jafar , Siti Susila
Published: January 2021

The aim of the research is to find out the influence of work motivation, work discipline and interpersonal communication on teacher’s performance. This research was conducted at Junior High Schools in Samarinda Ulu Sub-district, Samarinda City with the total sample of 105 people. This research applied survey method and the data were collected using questionnaire with four instruments namely teacher performance, work motivation, work discipline and interpersonal communication of the teachers. The findings showed that there was an influence of work motivation (X1), work motivation (X2) and interpersonal communication (X3) on teacher’s performance (Y) with the coefficient of regression equation: Y = 8.196 + 0.780X1 + 0.148X2 + 0.087X3. The coefficient of Determination (R2) was 0.955 meaning that the contribution of working discipline, working motivation and interpersonal communication of the teacher on teacher’sperformance was 95.5%. Based on the research findings, it is concluded that the teacher performance in the junior high schools in Samarinda Ulu Sub-district, Samarinda City can be increased by the increase of work motivation, work discipline and interpersonal communication of the teachers.
On some directions of improving the educational process with convicts in penal institutions
Authors:   Tomsk Advanced Training Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Pisarev О. М. , Efimenko А. А. ,   Tomsk Advanced Training Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia
Published: January 2021

Currently for many domestic facilities the issue of shortage of workers has become topical. It seems that this problem can be partially solved by able-bodied citizens who are in places of detention. It is noted that a large number of convicts do not have a secondary education as well as a profession or specialty. In this regard the authors analyzed the most relevant areas of the educational process in correctional institutions in order to identify the conditions for the professional self-determination of convicts and their basic preparation for the development of working professions. In the context of the problem under consideration the main mechanism can be educational work carried out by prison staff with convicts, focused on a differentiated and integrated approach. The individual form of work will allow the convicts to form moral, physical and labor qualities to achieve material benefits through their education and work. It is important that for effective educational work from the initial stage of being in the quarantine unit, the convicted person must be given psychological support and outlined his future perspective in getting an education, choosing the working specialty. Attention is focused on building the necessary interaction with the employment service with the ability to find a job after being released from prison. The analysis of the regulatory literature regulating the organization of the educational process of convicts was carried out. The conclusion was made that the educational process in correctional institutions should be implemented taking into account the further improvement of educational and psychological work through effective interaction between the heads of the units, psychologists, school teachers and masters of vocational schools.
The study of existential values of HIV-infected prisoners sentenced to imprisonment
Authors:   Vologda Institute of Law and Economics of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Zautorova E. V.
Published: January 2021

According to statistics from the Federal Penal Service of Russia annually 80–85% of convicts arriving at institutions of the penal system have chronic diseases. The number of people infected with HIV in prisons and colonies is growing every year. Correctional and educational work with this category of convicts has its own characteristics and requires the adoption of additional organizational and other measures to overcome their personal deformations, the formation of law-abiding behavior and social adaptation in terms of imprisonment. At the same time special attention is paid to existential values in connection with the loss by many convicts the meaning of life, the prospects of release from places of detention. Within the framework of the existential approach the correctional process appears as a flexible, variable system, where the actual differentiation of upbringing influences takes place. Also the content of the correctional process is purposefully shaped and enriched with moral values, meanings, traditions for the purpose of personal self-realization and self-esteem, helps the convicted person to understand the semantic sphere of his behavior and actions, to cope with negative emotional states, to develop a meaningful reference point. In order to study the existential sphere of HIV-infected convicts a study was conducted on the basis of the PKU SIZO-10 of the Federal Penal Service of Russia in the Moscow region, in which 30 HIV-infected men aged from 20 to 45 took part. A specially developed technique and questionnaire “Events of my life” of G.S. Nikiforova was offered for convicted. As a result of this study data were obtained indicating that the general condition of convicts with HIV infection and the social environment in which it is located have a significant impact on the presence and awareness of the meaning of life. These convicts do not see positive prospects in the future. The values associated with communicating with loved ones, family, understanding and compassion for them in the current situation come for them to the fore. Convicts with HIV infection are characterized by a low level of general meaningfulness of the future life and the past, which is expressed in the absence of goals and temporal perspectives, dissatisfaction with self-realization, a low level of selfcontrol and controllability. The article makes a number of recommendations for penal psychologists to work with this category of persons. Further individual in-depth analysis of the data obtained may become a promising study on the relationship of HIV-infected convicts to their own lives.
Features of self-attitude among cadets with different levels of propensity to manipulate
Authors:   Vologda Institute of Law and Economics of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Basina T. А.
Published: January 2021

The article discusses the results of a study of the level of development of the propensity to manipulate other people on the example of cadets of a departmental institution in order to establish differences in the characteristics of their relationship to themselves. The study was conducted on the basis of the Vologda Institute of Law and Economics of the Federal Penal Service of Russia. It was attended by 65 cadets of the 2nd and 3rd courses of the Faculty of Psychology. The methods used by V. V. Znakov “Questionnaire for Machiavellianism” and the method of studying self-replication by S. R. Pantileev were used. As a result of data analysis using mathematical statistics methods negative correlation relationships were established between the tendency to manipulation and closeness, self-management, the idea of the ability to arouse respect and sympathy in others, self-worth and self-reliance of cadets. Differences in the level of closeness, perception of other people’s attitudes towards themselves, self-attachment among students with different propensities for manipulation and significant differences on the “internal conflict” and “self-management” scales between students with low and medium propensity for manipulative behavior were also established. The findings suggest that a high propensity to manipulate is combined with self-doubt, low self-esteem, dissatisfaction with oneself, and perception of oneself as not worthy of the respect and sympathy of others. The results of the study emphasize the need to correct the propensity for manipulative behavior in order to change a person’s attitude to himself and other people. The data obtained can be used in the activities of practical psychologists.
The main methods and mechanism of legalization (laundering) of criminally obtained income using electronic payment transactions
Authors:   Tambov Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Dvoretsky M. Yu. , Anapolskaya A. I. ,   Tambov Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: January 2021

The article reveals the features of the methods and mechanism for the legalization of money obtained by criminal means using electronic settlement transactions. There was conducted a study of the nature and content, methods and methods of money laundering through electronic accounts of banks, analyzed the main causes of the outflow of money supply outside our country, identified problems to overcome this negative phenomenon and suggested ways to solve them. Conclusion to the article was a recommendation to law enforcement officers to study ways to implement the illegal actions in question, which will allow to identify these crimes in a timely manner, to make the right decisions at the stage of initiation of a criminal case, qualitatively to plan and carry out an investigation.
Problems of criminal liability for illegal crossing of the State border of the Russian Federation and their solutions
Authors:   Vologda Institute of Law and Economics of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Utorova T. N.
Published: January 2021

The article analyzes the signs of a crime provided for by Art. 322 of the Criminal Code «Illegal crossing of the State border of the Russian Federation.» The subject of the research is the problems of criminal law protection of the state border. The author has uncovered the issues of qualifying actions to cross the border outside checkpoints, justifies the need to criminalize such actions. The evaluation of punishment differentiation with the use of qualifying signs is given. A proposal was made to unify the use of homogeneous qualifying circumstances — signs of qualified and specially qualified elements of crimes, such as “a group of persons by prior agreement is an organized group”; «with the use of violence not dangerous to life and health or with the threat of violence - with the use of violence dangerous to life and health.» The necessity of expanding the circle of persons who are not subject to criminal liability is substantiated by pointing out in the footnote to article 322 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation on persons applying for any asylum and forced migrants. It was proposed to supplement the list of criminal penalties with expulsion applicable only to foreign citizens and stateless persons. As a result the author concludes that the order of management in the area of crossing the state border is not sufficiently protected and that the requirements for differentiating responsibility are not complied with. There are offered options to overcome the current situation.
Regulation in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation of a formal basis for categorizing crimes and the prospects for its improvement
Authors:   P.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University, Ivanchin A. V. , Kuleva L. O. ,   P.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University
Published: January 2021

The article deals with the question of the formal criterion for dividing crimes into categories. The authors believe that the limits of punishability enshrined in the rule on the categorization of crimes should be indicated more clearly. It is noted that the legislator admits a logical miscalculation concerning the violation of the rule on the unity of the basis for the division of members of the classification. In this connection the necessity of isolating unwary grave crimes is substantiated. A proposal is made to adjust the sanctions of a number of articles by narrowing their unreasonably wide range undermining the meaning of the categorization of crimes. The idea of introducing «exceptional gravity of crime» as well as standard sanctions in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is subject to a critical assessment. However it is proposed to allocate a number of criminal acts, for the commission of which no deprivation of liberty is envisaged, into a separate category of crime. The authors define the rules for the consistent description of sentences.
Some issues of improving the rule and order in the light of the problem of implementing the initial norms (on the example of the norms of penal law)
Authors:   Vologda Institute of Law and Economics of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Svinin E. V.
Published: January 2021

The subject of research is social relations in the field of improving the law and order. The purpose of the study is to provide a general theoretical analysis of the characteristics of the implementation of initial norms for the development of proposals for improving the law and order. In legal science there is an ambivalent attitude towards the initial norms: on the one hand they are recognized as fundamental for the organization of the system of legal regulation. On the other hand the forms of implementing the initial norms are practically not studied. Applied value for the improvement of legal regulation and the state of the rule of law is minimal. The lack of scientific knowledge in the field of the implementation of the initial norms indicates the incompleteness of the particular theory of right-realization. The study of this problem will make it possible to intensify the efforts of scientists in the scientific understanding of the system of legal regulation, the effectiveness of law and order. The implementation of the initial norms is two-level in nature: the primary form of implementation are the norms – behavior rules and their complexes (institutions and industries), secondary (subsequent) – is legal practice which allows to comprehensively assess the legal and social results of legal regulation. Low social efficiency the contradiction between the legal and social results of legal regulation indicate that legal practice is not a form of implementation, but a violation of initial norms. Lawful practice acquires socially destructive features, which makes it necessary to improve the law and order by amending legislation. The findings of the study can be used in studying the problem of the effectiveness of legal regulation, the development of measures to improve the criminal and penal policy.
Problems of interpretation the norms of General part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Рronina M. P.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to one of the current areas of legal science related to the problems of interpretation the norms of General Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The interpretation of legal norms is the activity of state bodies, non-governmental organizations and individuals to clarify and explain the meaning of legal norms embedded by the legislator in them and the actual content of the legal provisions (regulations, definitions) contained in them in order to implement them correctly and improve the effectiveness of legal regulation public relations. The interpretation of legal norms is a complex volitional process aimed at establishing the exact meaning of the rule of law. This process consists of two elements: 1) the interpreter (interpreter) clarifies the content of the legal norm for himself; 2) then in order to establish its equal understanding and application it clarifies the meaning of the legal prescription to all interested parties. The first part of this activity – clarification – characterizes the epistemological nature of interpretation aimed at the knowledge of law. Understanding acts as a thought process taking place in the mind of the subject applying the rule of law. The explanation is the second part of a unified process of interpretation the law addressed to other parties to a relationship. It is carried out by the competent authorities and persons in order to eliminate ambiguities in understanding the content of the norm and thus ensure its correct application to the circumstances for which it is aimed. Subjects of interpretation may be public authorities, officials, organizations, enterprises, institutions, individuals. The objects of interpretation are laws and regulations. Legal interpretation is an activity that from a practical point of view is connected with the completion of the regulation of life relations by law. Legal norms as a result of interpretation become ready for implementation, practical implementation. The presented scientific article examines the interpretations given by the highest judicial instance, which showed that in some cases they contain contradictions that violate the legal and technical rules. Examples of the interpretation of criminal court decisions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation are given, and author’s editions are proposed.
Judicial law-making in Russia on land issues in the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries in the process of applying customary law
Authors:   Russian State Pedagogical A. I. Herzen University, Ignatyeva E. Yu.
Published: January 2021

The article examines the impact of the norms of customary law applied in the peasant environment in the second half of the 19th century to the judicial law-making of land reformers. The purpose of the article is to identify the legal grounds that were taken into account when drafting the legislation of the Peasant Reform of 1861 to create an adequate and at the same time effective justice system for peasant land issues in the context of fundamental social transformations caused by the abolition of serfdom and the need to develop capitalist relations in Russia. The reformers assumed that the rural community would successfully replace the authority of the landowner, become the lower unit of local government and the state taxation system. The legalization of the legal customs of the peasants was taken as a forced temporary measure, necessary in the early stages of the development of peasant self-government; The existence of adaptive mechanisms in the established customary legal system to preserve the viability and stability of the peasant community was taken into account. The main function of the peasant community was the distribution of land and the settlement of land use relations among its members. The created peasant class estate courts were also considered as temporary, later as the peasants became closer to other estates, their subordination to general civil laws was envisaged. The volost courts guided by custom and law became the main element of rural selfgovernment and the mechanism for the implementation of customary law in land relations. The main subject of this right was identified peasant community, which resolved issues of land use, land relations, economic and social conflicts. However the legislator did not clearly define that the difference in the proceedings of the volost and general courts consisted in the property level of the cases and the limit of punishments – only certain categories of different legal matters were listed that were subject to the volost court. Created by the Judicial Reform of 1864 the all-tribal peace courts could consider the same minor offenses on the part of the peasants using the rules of the local customary law “according to conscience” as the volost courts but at a higher property level. Priority was given, as in the county court, to the reconciliation of the parties. The increase in the number of claims on land issues in the late XIX – early XX centuries in the conditions of the development of the land market and the increase in real estate operations was reflected by the increased demand of the peasants for the consideration of land issues and related property relations by courts on the basis of official legislation.
Modern juvenile technologies in the criminal process in Russia
Authors:   Vologda Institute of Law and Economics of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Kolpakova L. A.
Published: January 2021

The article deals with the implementation of international and domestic law in the field of juvenile criminal justice as well as norms aimed at protecting the rights and legal interests of juvenile victims. The concept of juvenile technologies is briefly analyzed, the conclusion is made about the need to expand its content in terms of the coverage of the interests of the minor victim. In the course of the study gaps in the regulatory framework were identified, and some problems of law enforcement were highlighted. There are analyzed the novels of the criminal procedure legislation of recent years. Emphasis is placed on the need to prioritize the protection of juvenile victims and the humanization of criminal procedural policies in relation to them. Among the most pressing issues are questions about the procedural capacity of minors when applying for a crime, expanding the categories of victims under the age of 18 who are eligible for legal assistance from the federal budget. The issues of mediation in criminal cases involving minors are addressed. The experience of individual subjects of the Russian Federation on the application of specific juvenile technologies that are relatively new to the domestic legal system is analyzed and summarized. Also on the basis of statistics of the Judicial Department at the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation an assessment has been made of the use of traditional measures applied to minors in the framework of criminal justice.
Государственная служба в правоохранительной сфере и ее основные признаки
Authors:   Вологодский институт права и экономики ФСИН России, НАГОРНЫХ РОМАН
Published: January 2021

Статья посвящена проблемам определения основных признаков государственной службы в правоохранительной сфере, ее места в механизме административно-правового регулирования. Целями работы являются рассмотрение государственной службы в правоохранительной сфере в качестве единой правовой категории, раскрытие ее характерных признаков и сущности как социальной системы, научная классификация ее составных элементов и раскрытие их административно-правового содержания. Автором выделены основные функциональные признаки государственных органов, служба в которых является правоохранительной: – государственно-властный характер деятельности; – наделенность исполнительно-распорядительными (административными) полномочиями; – особое функционально-целевое предназначение; – применение специальных мер правового воздействия на основе использования методов убеждения и принуждения; – особый правовой статус. Обоснован вывод о том, что практическое решение вопроса об отнесении государственной службы в том или ином государственном органе к правоохранительной может быть осуществлено посредством законодательного определения понятия правоохранительной деятельности государства, правоохранительных функций государственных органов и системы государственных органов, осуществляющих правоохранительные функции.
Мотивационно-ценностная направленность допризывной молодежи на военную службу
Authors:   Научно-исследовательский институт ФСИН России, КОВТУНЕНКО ЛЮБОВЬ , ПАРАМОНОВ ЕГОР ,   Военный учебный научный центр военно-воздушных сил «Военно-воздушная академия имени профессора Н. Е. Жуковского и Ю. А. Гагарина»
Published: January 2021

Разрушение системы военно-профессиональной ориентации, существовавшей в советский период, потребовало пересмотра работы с допризывной молодежью, в том числе путем расширения сети кадетских образовательных организаций. Основные задачи формирования военно-профессиональной направленности решаются за счет ресурсного обеспечения образовательного процесса, служебной и внеучебной деятельности. Мотивационно-ценностное отношение к военной службе закладывается на протяжении всего периода обучения, что способствует воспитанию у кадетов готовности к сознательному выбору военной службы на офицерских должностях в качестве приоритетного вида профессиональной деятельности. Авторы на основе анализа психолого-педагогической литературы пришли к выводу, что система военной ориентации допризывной молодежи, осуществляемая в настоящее время в условиях кадетского корпуса, будет способствовать формированию направленности допризывной молодежи на военную службу.