bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Prospective Study on Odontogenic Tumors Among Patients Attending Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Sohal Karpal Singh , Simon Elison NM , Sohal Karpal Singh , Mwalutambi Samwel , Owibingire Sira Stanslaus
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Odontogenic tumors which may be benign or malignant, constitute a group of heterogeneous
lesions that are derived from the tooth-producing tissues or their remnants that are entrapped either within
the jawbones or into the adjacent soft tissues. Aim of the study was to determine the pattern of occurrence
and clinicopathological presentation of odontogenic tumors among patients attending the oral and
maxillofacial unit at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania using 2005 WHO
classification.
Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional hospital-based study that included patients with oral
and maxillofacial tumors. Patients’ information was gathered using a structured questionnaire. Clinical and
histological examination was done, and the findings were recorded in a specially designed form. Data was
processed and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19.
Results: A total of 102 patients with histological diagnosis of odontogenic tumors comprising 52 (51%)
males and 50 (49%) females, were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was 34.07 ± 14.8
SD years and the most affected age group was 20-29 years. Majority 76 (74.5%) of the patients had
odontogenic tumors comprised of odontogenic epithelium with mature fibrous stroma without odontogenic
ectomesenchyme. Ameloblastoma was the most (65.7%) common odontogenic tumor followed by
odontogenic myxoma/myxofibroma (5.9%) and Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor (5.9%).
Conclusion: Generally, the sociodemographic distribution and frequency of occurrence, of odontogenic
tumors seen in this study is similar to that reported in other African and Asian studies but differed with
American and European studies. Ameloblastoma was the most common odontogenic tumor with a high
propensity for the mandible compared to the maxilla.
Reconstruction of a Wide Defect in the Prostatic Urethra after Abdomino-Perineal Amputation Using Buccal Mucosa Free Graft and Pedicled Gracilis Muscle Flap
Authors: González Ivan Couto , Taboada-Suárez Antonio , Brea-García Beatriz , García-Freire Camilo , Vila Ignacio , González Ivan Couto , García-Vallejo Luís
Published: June 2020

Lesions with significant substance loss in the prostatic segment of the urethra can represent a reconstructive challenge, especially when peripheral tissues are damaged or poor-vascularized. We present an infrequent clinical case in which a prostatic urethral defect of 2.6cm in length following abdomino-perineal amputation was repaired using a free buccal mucosa graft which was stabilized with a muscular gracilis flap. Complementing the buccal mucosa graft with a well-vascularised support the stability of the graft could be enhanced and the rates of fistula or strictures reduced.
Impact of Classroom Management on Learner’s Achievement in University Level at Hyderabad Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Irfan Ali  , Mehmood Jan  , Khokhar Amna
Published: June 2020

In today’s competitive era of education, Institutions are composed of learners who live in Society circle conditions that have unfavorably influenced their availability for university and the students exposed to these living-conditions have a more noteworthy inclination to take part in wrong conduct in the Classroom. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to determining the relationship between classroom management and learner’s achievement. For this the  literature review was done to observe the perceptions of other renowned scholar’s literature related to Dependent and Independent variables and apply those reviews in Higher education institutions of Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. This study was Explanatory design in nature and adapted a quantitative questionnaire with a casual survey design. Total 250 respondents participated in the study among three universities SZABIST Hyderabad campus, LUMHS, and MEHRAN-UET Jamshoro. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square goodness of fit test, Correlation and Multiple regression analysis. The level of classroom management and level of learner’s achievement were tested using chi-square goodness of fit and test result indicated significant high level of classroom management (p<0.01) and significant high level of learner’s achievement (p<0.01) in Universities concerning Hyderabad Division. The study found Neutral relationship between classroom management and learner’s achievement at p<0.05 while the effect of predictor Variables of learner’s achievement was determining multiple regression analysis ( =.298, F=25.943 and p<.005) implying that, Teacher Preparation and record management was a significant predictor of learner’s achievement.
Tingkat Keberhasilan Transplantasi Karang Acropora millepora (Ehrenberg, 1834) di Perairan Banyan Tree Lagoi, Bintan
Authors: Mulyadi  , Apriadi Tri , Kurniawan Dedy
Published: June 2020

Penelitian  ini dilakukan  dengan  tujuan untuk  mengetahui pengaruh  ukuran  fragmen yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan  karang Acropora  millepora dengan  teknik transplantasi untuk mendapatkan ukuran fragmen optimal. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2017 sampai Februari tahun 2018 di Perairan Banyan Tree Lagoi Kabupaten Bintan. Media tranplantasi yang digunakan adalah balok persegi panjang dalam bentuk bagan persegi empat. Ukuran Fragmen karang Acropora millepora diberi 5 perlakuan yaitu 2 cm, 4 cm, 6 cm, 8 cm, 10 cm, dengan  5 kali pengulangan. Pertumbuhan mutlak pada fragmen 2 cm, 4 cm, 6 cm, 8 cm dan 10 cm sebesar 0,63 cm, 0,93 cm, 1,47cm, 2,10 cm dan 1,10 cm. Laju pertumbuhan pada fragmen 2 cm, 4 cm, 6 cm, 8 cm, dan 10 cm sebesar 0,21cm, 0,31cm, 0,49 cm, 0,70 cm, 0,36 cm. Analisis data dengan uji One-Way ANOVA menunjukkan pertumbuhan mutlak tinggi dan laju pertumbuhan tinggi karang Acropora millepora terdapat pengaruh yang nyata terhadap perlakuan ukuran fragmen yang berbeda (p<0,05). dan dilanjutkan dengan Duncan didapatkan terdapat ukuran 8 cm memiliki nilai perbedaan terbesar dengan kelompok lainnya dan sebagai kelompok pertumbuhan tercepat selama penelitian.Tingkat kelangsungan hidup pada masing-masing fragmen memiliki tingkat kelangsungan hidup yang sama sebesar 60%. Fragmen optimal karang Acropora millepora dicapai oleh ukuran tinggi 8 cm dengan pola pertumbuhan vertikal  dan sebagai pertumbuhan karang yang efisien dan efektif dalam pemanfaatan secara berkelanjutan.
Copepoda sebagai Indikator Keberadaan Kuda Laut (Hippocampus sp.) di Perairan Desa Sebong Pereh, Bintan
Authors: Hidayani Siti , Apriadi Tri , Kurniawan Dedy
Published: June 2020

Penelitian mengenai hubungan Copepoda sebagai indikator keberadaan Hippocampus sp. telah dilakukan di Perairan Desa Sebong Pereh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat hubungan keberadaan Copepoda sebagai indikator keberadaan Hippocampus sp. di Perairan Desa Sebong Pereh. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode random sampling sebanyak 31 titik menggunakan  transek 5 x 5 m untuk kepadatan Hippocampus sp. dan untuk mengambil sampel Copepoda menggunakan planktonnet secara statis sebanyak 100 L. Hasil penelitian ditemukan tiga spesies Hippocampus sp. yaitu dengan nilai kepadatan H. comes 670 ind/Ha, H. kuda 530 ind/Ha, dan H. mohnikei 400 ind/Ha. Kelimpahan Copepoda ditemukan 9 spesies dari 3 ordo yaitu dengan kelimpahan pada Naupli sp. 3380 ind/m3, Acartia sp. 1450 ind/m3, Acrocalanus sp. 480 ind/m3, Lucicutia sp. 6100 ind/m3, Calanus sp. 1450 ind/m3, Oithona sp. 680 ind/m3, Tisbe sp. 4450 ind/m3, dan Microsetella sp. 870 ind/m3. Berdasarkan analisis PCA nilai kelimpahan Copepoda tidak memiliki hubungan terhadap kepadatan kuda laut di Perairan Desa Sebong Pereh. Hal ini menunjukkan Copepoda tidak bisa dijadikan sebenuhnya sebagai indikator keberadaan kuda laut di Perairan Desa Sebong Pereh.
Ethnography of Panchayat: Cases of Khula from Mandi Baha-Ud-Din
Authors: Moazmi Riaz Ahmed , Sultana Aneela
Published: June 2020

Panchayat is the epicenter of local Politiology that serves as a traditional and indigenous system of conflict resolution at the village level in Pakistan. Khula (divorce) is one of the social issues that are mostly handled by the panchayat besides the presence of a legal system: both institutions stay anonymous to each other. The study is conducted in Mandi Baha Uddin to understand the significance of Panchayat as a local level trusted institution meant for arbitration using qualitative approach. The methodology of the study was descriptive where case study and in-depth interview methods were used. The study findings endorse that Panchayat is an indigenous powerful political institution that can adjoin with the development sector in providing justice about agriculture, forestry, and welfare projects. It can serve more efficiently with the support from the legal justice system. Execution of decisions by the traditional justice system can only be effective once streamlined for better and owned decisions at the community level politics.
Efficient Management of Financial Resource and Constraints in Implementation of Budget at Secondary Schools
Authors: Akhter Nasrin , Khan Abdul Majeed , Rehman Abdur
Published: June 2020

Financial resources and allocations play a pivotal role in improving the learning and teaching system in any country. In that context, this study aims to explore the perceptions of secondary head-teachers relating to Budgetary Allocations and Financial Constraints in the context of Effective Management. A qualitative research method was employed in which semi-structured interviews were conducted with 40 head-teachers working in secondary schools. The result from the interview data shows that the majority of the head-teachers were not satisfied with the budgets and funds provided to the schools, and found aspects of the procedures employed to be unhelpful. There was a tendency to expect more of schools on diminishing budgets and difficulties in being able to spend allocations efficiently and effectively for the maximum benefit of learners. The keys issues are identified and some positive ways forward suggested.
Contralateral interoptic approach to paraclinoid aneurysms: a patient-selection algorithm based on anatomical investigation and clinical validation
Authors: Zhao Xiaochun , Tayebi Meybodi Ali , Labib Mohamed A. , Gandhi Sirin , Belykh Evgenii , Naeem Komal , Preul Mark C. , Nakaji Peter , Lawton Michael T.
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

Aneurysms that arise on the medial surface of the paraclinoid segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA) are surgically challenging. The contralateral interoptic trajectory, which uses the space between the optic nerves, can partially expose the medial surface of the paraclinoid ICA. In this study, the authors quantitatively measure the area of the medial ICA accessible through the interoptic triangle and propose a potential patient-selection algorithm that is based on preoperative measurements on angiographic imaging.

METHODS

The contralateral interoptic trajectory was studied on 10 sides of 5 cadaveric heads, through which the medial paraclinoid ICA was identified. The falciform ligament medial to the contralateral optic canal was incised, the contralateral optic nerve was gently elevated, and the medial surface of the paraclinoid ICA was inspected via different viewing angles to obtain maximal exposure. The accessible area on the carotid artery was outlined. The distance from the distal dural ring (DDR) to the proximal and distal borders of this accessible area was measured. The superior and inferior borders were measured using the clockface method relative to a vertical line on the coronal plane. To validate these parameters, preoperative measurements and intraoperative findings were reviewed in 8 clinical cases.

RESULTS

In the sagittal plane, the mean (SD) distances from the DDR to the proximal and distal ends of the accessible area on the paraclinoid ICA were 2.5 (1.52) mm and 8.4 (2.32) mm, respectively. In the coronal plane, the mean (SD) angles of the superior and inferior ends of the accessible area relative to a vertical line were 21.7° (14.84°) and 130.9° (12.75°), respectively. Six (75%) of 8 clinical cases were consistent with the proposed patient-selection algorithm.

CONCLUSIONS

The contralateral interoptic approach is a feasible route to access aneurysms that arise from the medial paraclinoid ICA. An aneurysm can be safely clipped via the contralateral interoptic trajectory if 1) both proximal and distal borders of the aneurysm neck are 2.5–8.4 mm distal to the DDR, and 2) at least one border of the aneurysm neck on the coronal clockface is 21.7°–130.9° medial to the vertical line.
Clinical findings in families with chordoma with and without T gene duplications and in patients with sporadic chordoma reported to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program
Authors: Parry Dilys M. , McMaster Mary L. , Liebsch Norbert J. , Patronas Nicholas J. , Quezado Martha M. , Zametkin Deborah , Yang Xiaohong R. , Goldstein Alisa M.
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

To gain insight into the role of germline genetics in the development of chordoma, the authors evaluated data from 2 sets of patients with familial chordoma, those with and without a germline duplication of the T gene (T-dup+ vs T-dup−), which was previously identified as a susceptibility mechanism in some families. The authors then compared the patients with familial tumors to patients with sporadic chordoma in the US general population reported to the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program through 2015.

METHODS

Evaluation of family members included review of personal and family medical history, physical and neurological examination, and pre- and postcontrast MRI of the skull base and spine. Sixteen patients from 6 white families with chordoma had a chordoma diagnosis at family referral. Screening MR images of 35 relatives revealed clival lesions in 6, 4 of which were excised and confirmed to be chordoma. Thus, data were available for 20 patients with histologically confirmed familial chordoma. There were 1759 patients with histologically confirmed chordoma in SEER whose race was known.

RESULTS

The median age at chordoma diagnosis differed across the groups: it was lowest in T-dup+ familial patients (26.8 years, range 5.3–68.4 years); intermediate in T-dup− patients (46.2 years, range 11.8–60.1 years); and highest in SEER patients (57 years, range 0–98 years). There was a marked preponderance of skull base tumors in patients with familial chordoma (93% in T-dup+ and 83% in T-dup−) versus 38% in the SEER program (37% in white, 53% in black, and 48.5% in Asian/Pacific Islander/American Indian/Alaska Native patients). Furthermore, 29% of white and 16%–17% of nonwhite SEER patients had mobile-spine chordoma, versus no patients in the familial group. Several T-dup+ familial chordoma patients had putative second/multiple primary chordomas.

CONCLUSIONS

The occurrence of young age at diagnosis, skull base presentation, or multiple primary chordomas should encourage careful review of family history for patients diagnosed with chordoma as well as screening of at-risk family members by MRI for early detection of chordoma. Furthermore, given genetic predisposition in some patients with familial chordoma, identification of a specific mutation in a family will permit surveillance to be limited to mutation carriers—and consideration should be given for imaging the entire neuraxis in any chordoma patient presenting at an early age or with a blood relative with chordoma. Finally, future studies should explore racial differences in age at diagnosis and presenting site in chordoma.
Analysis of modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors in patients undergoing pituitary surgery
Authors: Shahrestani Shane , Ballatori Alexander M. , Chen Xiao T. , Ton Andy , Strickland Ben A. , Brunswick Andrew , Zada Gabriel
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are among the most common intracranial tumors. Understanding the clinical effects of various modifiable risk factors (MRFs) and nonmodifiable risk factors (NMRFs) is important in guiding proper treatment, yet there is limited evidence outlining the influence of MRFs and NMRFs on outcomes of PA resection. The aim of this study was to analyze MRFs and NMRFs in patients undergoing resection for PAs.

METHODS

Using the 2016 and 2017 National Readmission Database, the authors identified a cohort of 9472 patients undergoing microscopic or endoscopic resection of a PA. Patients with nonoverlapping MRFs and NMRFs were analyzed for length of stay (LOS), hospital cost, readmission rates, and postoperative complications. From the original cohort, a subset of 373 frail patients (as defined by the Johns Hopkins Frailty Index) were identified and propensity matched to nonfrail patients. Statistical analysis included 1-way ANOVA, Tukey multiple comparisons of means, odds ratios, Wald testing, and unpaired Welch 2-sample t-tests to compare complications, outcomes, and costs between each cohort. Perioperative outcomes and hospital readmission rates were tracked, and predictive algorithms were developed to establish precise relationships between relevant risk factors and neurosurgical outcomes.

RESULTS

Malnourished patients had significantly longer LOSs when compared to nonmalnourished patients (p < 0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between the number of MRFs and readmission at 90 days (p = 0.012) and 180 days (p = 0.020). Obese patients had higher rates of postoperative neurological injury at the 30-day follow-up (p = 0.048) compared to patients with normal BMI. Within this NMRF cohort, frail patients were found to have significantly increased hospital LOS (p < 0.001) and total inpatient costs compared to nonfrail patients (p < 0.001). Predictive analytics showed that frail patients had significantly higher readmission rates at both 90-day (p < 0.001) and 180-day follow-ups (p < 0.001). Lastly, rates of acute postsurgical infection were higher in frail patients compared to nonfrail patients (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

These findings suggest that both MRFs and NMRFs negatively affect the perioperative outcomes following PA resection. Notable risk factors including malnutrition, obesity, elevated lipid panels, and frailty make patients more prone to prolonged LOS, higher inpatient costs, and readmission. Further prospective research with longitudinal data is required to precisely pinpoint the effects of various risk factors on the outcomes of pituitary surgery.
Development and external validation of a clinical prediction model for functional impairment after intracranial tumor surgery
Authors: Staartjes Victor E. , Broggi Morgan , Zattra Costanza Maria , Vasella Flavio , Velz Julia , Schiavolin Silvia , Serra Carlo , Bartek Jiri , Fletcher-Sandersjöö Alexander , Förander Petter , Kalasauskas Darius , Renovanz Mirjam , Ringel Florian , Brawanski Konstantin R. , Kerschbaumer Johannes , Freyschlag Christian F. , Jakola Asgeir S. , Sjåvik Kristin , Solheim Ole , Schatlo Bawarjan , Sachkova Alexandra , Bock Hans Christoph , Hussein Abdelhalim , Rohde Veit , Broekman Marike L. D. , Nogarede Claudine O. , Lemmens Cynthia M. C. , Kernbach Julius M. , Neuloh Georg , Bozinov Oliver , Krayenbühl Niklaus , Sarnthein Johannes , Ferroli Paolo , Regli Luca , Stienen Martin N. , FEBNS
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

Decision-making for intracranial tumor surgery requires balancing the oncological benefit against the risk for resection-related impairment. Risk estimates are commonly based on subjective experience and generalized numbers from the literature, but even experienced surgeons overestimate functional outcome after surgery. Today, there is no reliable and objective way to preoperatively predict an individual patient’s risk of experiencing any functional impairment.

METHODS

The authors developed a prediction model for functional impairment at 3 to 6 months after microsurgical resection, defined as a decrease in Karnofsky Performance Status of ≥ 10 points. Two prospective registries in Switzerland and Italy were used for development. External validation was performed in 7 cohorts from Sweden, Norway, Germany, Austria, and the Netherlands. Age, sex, prior surgery, tumor histology and maximum diameter, expected major brain vessel or cranial nerve manipulation, resection in eloquent areas and the posterior fossa, and surgical approach were recorded. Discrimination and calibration metrics were evaluated.

RESULTS

In the development (2437 patients, 48.2% male; mean age ± SD: 55 ± 15 years) and external validation (2427 patients, 42.4% male; mean age ± SD: 58 ± 13 years) cohorts, functional impairment rates were 21.5% and 28.5%, respectively. In the development cohort, area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.72 (95% CI 0.69–0.74) were observed. In the pooled external validation cohort, the AUC was 0.72 (95% CI 0.69–0.74), confirming generalizability. Calibration plots indicated fair calibration in both cohorts. The tool has been incorporated into a web-based application available at https://neurosurgery.shinyapps.io/impairment/.

CONCLUSIONS

Functional impairment after intracranial tumor surgery remains extraordinarily difficult to predict, although machine learning can help quantify risk. This externally validated prediction tool can serve as the basis for case-by-case discussions and risk-to-benefit estimation of surgical treatment in the individual patient.
Religijność i moralność polskiej młodzieży – zależność czy autonomia?
Authors: Boguszewski Rafał , Bożewicz Marta
Published: June 2020

Artykuł, w oparciu o wyniki aktualnych badań empirycznych o charakterze ilościowym zrealizowanych na próbach ogólnopolskich, ale również w oparciu o wyniki cyklicznych badań prowadzonych wśród młodzieży kończącej edukację na poziomie szkół średnich, koncentruje się na przeobrażeniach w zakresie religijności i moralności polskiej młodzieży, umiejscawiając obserwowane trendy na płaszczyźnie socjologicznych teorii przemian religijności i jej związków z moralnością.
Reportażowa saga rodzinna. Fuzja gatunków i dziennikarska archiwistyka
Authors: Żyrek-Horodyska Edyta Krystyna
Published: June 2020

W niniejszym artykule omówiona została reportażowa saga rodzinna – gatunek będący połączeniem dziennikarskiej sprawozdawczości z pamięciową narracją. Przedmiotem analiz uczyniono książki Fałszerze pieprzu Moniki Sznajderman oraz Dom z dwiema wieżami Macieja Zaremby Bielawskiego. Tomy te są przykładem osobliwego nurt pisarstwa non-fiction opierającego się na reporterskiej rekonstrukcji i osobistym zaangażowaniu autora. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie reportażowej sagi rodzinnej jako struktury łączącej w sobie elementy powieści rodzinnej, autobiografii, eseju oraz reportażu. Jej cechą charakterystyczną jest dokonywana przez piszącego eksploracja przeszłości, do której dostęp zapośredniczony został poprzez dziennikarskie i pozadziennikarskie źródła informacji.
ITALIANISMI APPARTENENTI ALLA LINGUA PARLATA QUOTIDIANA NEGLI SCRITTI DI PETAR I E PETAR II PETROVIĆ NJEGOŠ
Authors: Brajičić Cvijeta
Published: June 2020

Il tema di questo contributo è la presenza di italianismi appartenenti alla lingua parlata quotidiana negli scritti di vescovi e scrittori montenegrini, Petar I e Petar II Petrović Njegoš. Se si prendono in considerazione le affermazioni di esperti, secondo cui i prestiti provenienti dall’italiano e dai suoi dialetti rappresentano una parte integrante delle parlate popolari montenegrine della loro epoca, e il fatto che entrambi gli autori scelti hanno avuto l'opportunità di conoscere in vari modi la lingua italiana, sembra ragionevole presumere che il loro patrimonio scritto debba contenere elementi del lessico italiano. Questo argomento è stato scelto anche perché, esaminando la letteratura esistente dedicata ai lavori di Petar I e Petar II Petrović Njegoš, si è giunti alla conclusione che finora nessuno ha approfonditamente affrontato la presenza della componente lessicale italiana nei loro scritti, anche se ci sono accenni sporadici all’esistenza di materiale lessicale di origine italiana e veneziana nel linguaggio dei due autori citati sopra.
APPROCCI COMPUTERIZZATI PER L’INSEGNAMENTO DELLA TRADUZIONE DI LINGUAGGI SPECIALISTICI
Authors: Čebron Neva , cer Jadranka
Published: June 2020

L’articolo propone la discussione di un corso sperimentale e innovativo per gli studenti di secondo livello in italianistica insegnando nuovi approcci alla traduzione di testi specialistici. Prendendo in considerazione i principi, i processi e gli approcci proposti da numerosi linguisti (ad es. Wills; Hause; Erdman et al.), il corso ha inizialmente introdotto gli studenti all’analisi testuale prima della traduzione proseguendo con l’esplorazione delle possibilità offerte dalle nuove tecnologie come l’utilizzo dei corpora e degli strumenti di traduzione assistita (CAT), proposti da un certo numero di linguisti dei corpora (ad es. Laviosa; Gavioli; Boulton; Zanettin e Fantinuoli). Gli studenti sono stati
introdotti all’uso degli strumenti CAT con il compito di tradurre un documento ufficiale dallo sloveno all’italiano e sono stati in seguito guidati attraverso tutte le fasi di preparazione ed esecuzione della traduzione. I partecipanti dovevano infatti inizialmente analizzare il testo in considerazione sull’acquisizione dei titoli accademici, dopodiché sono state presentate le varie opzioni fornite da dispositivi IT come dizionari online, glossari, database terminologici e corpora linguistici che possono aiutare a esplorare le principali risorse lessicali e problemi di collocazione. Al fine di raffinare ulteriormente le scelte lessicali ed esaminare la principale terminologia specialistica, sono stati introdotti i principi di compilazione di corpora comparativi su piccola scala insieme agli strumenti software per l’esplorazione dei corpora di tale dimensione. I risultati di tale ricerca scientifica sono stati confrontati con le soluzioni di traduzione proposte dai dispositivi di traduzione automatica, nonché con le traduzioni proposte da traduttori professionisti e madrelingua italiani. Le conclusioni tratte dal corso sperimentale hanno implicazioni per le pratiche di insegnamento e soluzioni di
traduzione.
LE POLITICHE LINGUISTICHE EDUCATIVE E LA LINGUA ITALIANA NEL CONTESTO GLOBALE E REGIONALE
OBRAZOVNE JEZIČKE POLITIKE I ITALIJANSKI JEZIK U GLOBALNOM I REGIONALNOM KONTEKSTU
Authors: Vučo Julijana
Published: June 2020

Numerose sono le ragioni che motivano lo studio di lingue straniere. La diffusione e la distribuzione di lingue straniere dipende da motivi economici, politici, culturali e tecnico-organizzativi coordinati alle specificità e necessità locali. Nelle decisioni dei creatori delle politiche linguistiche o singoli interessati per quale lingua optare, partecipano numerosi fattori, dai motivi legati alle urgenze strategiche concordi alle
visioni globali, fino a quelli ispirati dalle ragioni personali dell’individuo. La lingua italiana è parlata da cca 70 milioni di parlanti, caratterizzata da forte mobilità sia di forme migratorie tradizionali sia di quelle moderne legate al turismo e scelte professionali. Nel senso economicoproduttivo, l’Italia fa parte della rosa dei paesi più sviluppati del
mondo. Questi fattori creano molte e sviluppate ragioni per l’interazione in lingua italiana. Nel presente contributo, seguendo le dichiarate e le più importanti competenze del Duemila europeo, si discutono le attuali politiche educative prevalentemente linguistiche, la potenza delle lingue, la spendibilità e la posizione dell’italiano nell’interazione linguistica nel mondo moderno, come pure le possibili prospettive dello sviluppo del ruolo della lingua italiana nel contesto globale e regionale.
ELEMENTI (INTER)CULTURALI NEI MANUALI DI ITALIANO LS – LIVELLO A1
Authors: Luburuć Gordana
Published: June 2020

Nel presente lavoro analizzeremo i manuali per l’italiano Ls che vengono utilizzati nell'insegnamento della lingua italiana a livello A1 in Montenegro, concentrando la nostra attenzione in primo luogo sul ruolo della competenza interculturale. Dopo aver presentato il ruolo che essa riveste nel QCER, esamineremo quali sono gli elementi (inter)culturali presentati nei manuali che attualmente vengono utilizzati a diversi livelli di studio in Montenegro, dalle scuole medie e superiori ai corsi universitari. L’obiettivo del lavoro è quello di stabilire in che modo viene integrata la competenza interculturale nei manuali
di italiano Ls, quali elementi culturali e in che modo vengono presentati nei manuali nonché di stabilire se la tipologia di elementi culturali e la loro quantità, cambiano a seconda del manuale e dell'età degli apprendenti a cui il manuale è destinato
IMPARARE L’ITALIANO IN SLOVENIA: IL CASO DEGLI STUDENTI DELL’UNIVERSITÀ DEL LITORALE DI CAPODISTRIA
Authors: Pertot Susanna
Published: June 2020

L’articolo presenta i risultati di uno studio qualitativo basato su dieci interviste
semi-strutturate ad altrettanti studenti sloveni che frequentano l’Università del
Litorale (Univerza na Primorskem) di Capodistria-Koper, in Slovenia, e che l’autrice definisce parlanti attivi e competenti della lingua italiana. Essi hanno acquisito la lingua italiana attraverso il sistema educativo sloveno nella regione del Litorale, un’area bilingue in cui convivono la maggioranza slovena e la comunità nazionale autoctona italiana e in cui la lingua slovena e quella italiana godono di pari dignità nella vita pubblica e privata. Nella regione esistono due tipi di scuole: in quelle con lingua di insegnamento slovena è obbligatorio l’insegnamento dell’italiano come lingua del territorio, mentre in quelle in cui la lingua veicolare è l’italiano è obbligatorio anche
l’insegnamento dello sloveno. La ricerca intende mettere a fuoco l’esperienza
relativa al processo di acquisizione della lingua italiana da parte degli studenti
che hanno frequentato questo tipo di scuole e sono attualmente iscritti all’università, esplorando inoltre i loro repertori linguistici e la loro percezione nel considerarsi e nell’essere considerati parlanti della lingua italiana; indaga infine se l’acquisizione della lingua italiana abbia prodotto in essi un senso di maggiore inclusione nella Comunità Nazionale Italiana in Slovenia.
NEOLOGISMI E FORESTIERISMI NELL’ITALIANO COME RIFLESSO DEI CAMBIAMENTI SOCIALI
Authors: Lazarević Radmila
Published: June 2020

Neologismi o neoformazioni sono parole o espressioni nuove, coniate mediante
le regole di formazione proprie del sistema lessicale di una lingua, ma non
entrate ancora propriamente nell’uso comune, come gadgettistica, sviluppismo,
gattizzare... Ogni anno, i dizionari monolingui italiani vengono aggiornati con
centinaia di voci nuove. Molte di queste parole arrivano nella lingua italiana
come forestierismi già formati, mantenendo pure la forma originale (selfie,
Brexit, emoji), mentre altre vengono tradotte e utilizzate come calchi traduzione: post verità dall’inglese post truth, lavaggio del cervello dall’inglese brainwashing ecc.
Questo contributo cercherà di dimostrare come le tendenze neologiche nella
lingua italiana riflettano non solo l’attualità italiana, ma anche quella globale,
nonché i cambiamenti che stanno trasformando la società, talvolta a livello
giornaliero, e specialmente nel campo delle nuove tecnologie. A scopo di
illustrare queste tendenze, saranno riportati non solo gli esempi più attuali di
neologismi, ma anche quelli di voci che, benché da parecchi anni facciano parte
integrante dei dizionari e del lessico italiano, sono entrate nella lingua come
neologismi e poi a loro volta hanno influenzato la formazione di altri neologismi con la stessa base (Tangentopoli e le sue derivazioni moderne in – poli, con il significato specifico del confisso). Saranno riportati esempi di varie sfere della vita sociale, nonché quelli storicamente rilevanti nel contesto sociale, culturale o politico.
On the asymptotic behavior of the eigenvalues of nonlinear elliptic problems in domains becoming unbounded
Authors: Esposito Luca , Roy Prosenjit , Sk Firoj
Published: June 2020

We analyze the asymptotic behavior of the eigenvalues of nonlinear elliptic problems under Dirichlet boundary conditions and mixed (Dirichlet, Neumann) boundary conditions on domains becoming unbounded. We make intensive use of Picone identity to overcome nonlinearity complications. Altogether the use of Picone identity makes the proof easier with respect to the known proof in the linear case. Surprisingly the asymptotic behavior under mixed boundary conditions critically differs from the case of pure Dirichlet boundary conditions for some class of problems.
Managing employee engagement in the strategy implementation process: The case from the natural gas industry
Authors: Chadam Jan , Turkyilmaz Ali
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: Achieving a satisfactory level of engagement was a prerequisite for the implementation of a new strategy in organizations, which entailed a complex and costly investment program. OBJECTIVE: This paper presents an approach to managing employee engagement in a natural gas company. METHODS: The study involved in particular direct observation due to the fact that one of the authors of the article, during the implementation of the project, was a member of the company’s management board and the project team. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the implemented changes was verified with a survey by an external consulting company which was conducted annually over a period of 8 years on a group of about 1000 employees. RESULTS: By virtue of the conducted survey and practical consideration given to its results, it has become possible to radically increase employee engagement rates and, consequently, to implement a breakthrough strategy in the company. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of research results leads to a clear conclusion that the execution of innovative projects - in the presented case, the company’s strategy - would not have been possible without a significant increase in employee engagement in the organization.
A semantics of intentional silence in omissive implicature
Authors: Garcés-Báez Alfonso , López-López Aurelio
Published: June 2020

When people communicate, we often face situations where decisions have to be made, regardless of silence of one of the interlocutors. That is, we have to decide from incomplete information, guessing the intentions of the silent person. Implicatures allow to make inferences from what is said, but we can also infer from omission, or specifically from intentional silence in a conversation. In some contexts, not saying p generates a conversational implicature: that the speaker did not have sufficient reason, all things considered, to say p. This behaviour has been studied by several disciplines but barely touched in logic or artificial intelligence. After reviewing some previous studies of intentional silence and implicature, we formulate a semantics with five different interpretations of omissive implicature, in terms of the Says() predicate, and focus on puzzles involving assertions or testimonies, to analyze their implications. Several conclusions are derived from the different possibilities that were opened for analysis after taking into account silence. Finally, we develop a general strategy for the use of the proposed semantics in cases involving some kind of silence.
A study of deep learning methods for same-genre and cross-genre author profiling
Authors: Ashraf Muhammad Adnan , Adeel Nawab Rao Muhammad , Nie Feiping
Published: June 2020

The aim of the author profiling task is to automatically predict various traits of an author (e.g. age, gender, etc.) from written text. The problem of author profiling has been mainly treated as a supervised text classification task. Initially, traditional machine learning algorithms were used by the researchers to address the problem of author profiling. However, in recent years, deep learning has emerged as a state-of-the-art method for a range of classification problems related to image, audio, video, and text. No previous study has carried out a detailed comparison of deep learning methods to identify which method(s) are most suitable for same-genre and cross-genre author profiling. To fulfill this gap, the main aim of this study is to carry out an in-depth and detailed comparison of state-of-the-art deep learning methods, i.e. CNN, Bi-LSTM, GRU, and CRNN along with proposed ensemble methods, on four PAN Author Profiling corpora. PAN 2015 corpus, PAN 2017 corpus and PAN 2018 Author Profiling corpus were used for same-genre author profiling whereas PAN 2016 Author Profiling corpus was used for cross-genre author profiling. Our extensive experimentation showed that for same-genre author profiling, our proposed ensemble methods produced best results for gender identification task whereas CNN model performed best for age identification task. For cross-genre author profiling, the GRU model outperformed all other approaches for both age and gender.
Facilitators and Barriers to Wearing Hand Orthoses by Adults with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Mixed Methods Study Design
Authors: Houwen-van Opstal S.L.S. , van den Elzen Y.M.E.M. , Jansen M. , Willemsen M.A.A.P. , Cup E.H.C. , De Groot I.J.M.
Published: June 2020

Background: To retard shortening of finger flexors in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), hand orthoses are prescribed. However, many patients do not wear the orthoses regularly. To optimize orthotic interventions, we need insight into the factors influencing compliance. Objective: To evaluate the compliance regarding hand orthoses in an adult DMD population and to explore experiences and perceptions of DMD patients wearing orthoses, and of their caregivers. Methods: Mixed methods observational study, combining quantitative and qualitative data from medical charts combined with qualitative semi-structured interviews using a constant comparative method and a short validated questionnaire (D-QUEST). Results: 65 medical charts were analyzed. 48 patients were assessed as needing hand orthoses, of whom 37.5 % were compliant. Qualitative data analyses revealed (1) motivation: preservation of hand function; (2) barriers: discomfort and impediments; (3) facilitators: good fit and personalized wearing schedule; (4) fitting process: satisfactory, but patients do not readily seek help when barriers appear. Conclusions: Patients are motivated to wear hand orthoses, but often discontinue use because of orthosis-and disease-specific barriers. The identification of these barriers leads to practical and feasible recommendations concerning the orthoses and the fitting process, such as less rigid material, preservation of some function while wearing the orthoses, and fixed evaluation points. The findings were confirmed by the D-QUEST.
Using financial accounts: A central banking perspective
Authors: Tunç Burcu , Çakmak Burcu , Gökçe Zeybek Cansu , Tissot Bruno
Published: June 2020

The development of financial accounts is high on the global policy agenda. These accounts have become an essential element of the SNA, drawing from the traditional description of real economic aggregates augmented to present information on financial flows and positions. Several steps have been taken in recent years to refine important aspects of this framework, with the goal of building “integrated sectoral financial accounts”. To this end, two areas of focus are important. One relates to collecting the statistics to “fill” standard economic accounts. Large data collections have been undertaken since the 2007–09 Great Financial Crisis to build better-quality, more comprehensive and flexible data sets. A second important issue is to highlight how these statistics can be useful and support public policy. These areas are of particular relevance for central banks. As producers, they have been highly involved in the statistical exercises launched to address the challenges highlighted by the 2007-09 crisis. As data users, they have an increasing demand for information in order to understand, and act on, the financial system in pursuing monetary and financial stability policy objectives; financial accounts represent a key opportunity to address these information needs.
Improving crop production efficiency by optimizing the timing of field work
Authors: Stepnyh N. , Nesterova E. , Gilev S. , Zargaryan A.
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Violation of the optimal timing of field work and irrational structure of acreage leads to a decrease in crop yield. The purpose is to show ways to improve the efficiency of grain production due to earlier terms of wheat harvesting. The objects of the study were operational data on the timing of field work and the yield of grain crops in the agricultural sector of the Kurgan region and in the fields of the Kurgan research Institute, weather data. Common methods of comparative, statistical, factor, and correlation analyses were used. Results. It was found that the most favorable conditions for harvesting grain crops are formed in August. At the same time, as of September 1, 2019, 21 % of the area of grain crops was removed in the Kurgan region, and 71 % as of October 1. The yield of grain harvested in September was 5.7 t/ha below removed in August, loss of income – 6.2 thousand rubles/ha. Price for grain sold in September, is often lower than in August, and another minus 1.5 thousand rubles. The Early cleaning provide earlier crops. For more effective optimization of work terms, it is proposed to keep their records and analysis in the e-book of field history developed at the Kurgan research Institute. It was found that with minimal availability of agricultural machinery, the yield on fields in different hydrothermal conditions varied slightly due to the use of a wide range of sowing dates from May 2 to May 31 and the rational structure of varieties. About 10 % of crops under winter wheat allowed to start harvesting 2–3 weeks before spring and it is more profitable to sell grain. Agricultural producers are recommended to optimize the terms of harvesting spring wheat due to earlier sowing dates, taking into account the validity for each field and the introduction of winter wheat into circulation. The scientific novelty lies in the analysis of the conditions of sowing and harvesting operations in the economy that have developed over the past 5 years in the context of each field.
About the efficiency of agricultural cooperatives’ functioning in Russia
Authors: Golovina S. , Smirnova L.
Published: June 2020

Abstract. The relevance of the presented material are justified by the fact that agrarian cooperation, first, is considered today as the most important condition for the successful functioning of agrarian sector of the economy and the preservation of rural areas, second, is under the close attention of the government, third, is characterized by low efficiency, despite the considerable efforts of theorists and practitioners. Research objective is scrupulous studying of a condition of cooperative activity in the Russian Federation in general and its regions in particular therefore materials about the efficiency assessment of domestic agricultural consumer cooperatives activity are presented in article (including in the Ural Federal District). Results. The main determinants of inefficient activity of agricultural consumer cooperatives in Russia (confirmed by calculations and analysis of corresponding economic indicators) are such circumstances as low readiness of producers for any integrative processes due to inadequacy of informal institutions; obstacles for introduction of entrepreneurial models into cooperative activities by formal institutions; limited resources at the disposal of cooperatives (including financial); non-compliant quality of human capital; inability to implement the traditional cooperative model in the current environment. Scientific novelty. The results are positively correlated with trends in the institutional environment. At the same time, the data of theoretical and empirical studies, on the basis of which, first of all, modern achievements of cooperative science and generalized material of practical activity of agricultural consumer cooperatives, allow not only to identify the main trends and tendencies in the development of domestic agricultural consumer cooperatives, but also to identify the reasons for their slow development.
Análisis político de la empresa
Authors: Marzal Antonio
Published: June 2020

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La paz está amenazada
Authors: Alcalá Manuel
Published: June 2020

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Reciente evolución agraria
Authors: Gorosquieta Javier
Published: June 2020

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El seguro agrario integral
Authors: Cuesta Sáez José María de la
Published: June 2020

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Sugerencias sobre la formación social
Authors: Riaza Ballesteros José Mª
Published: June 2020

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Desafío papal al bienestar helvético
Authors: Alcalá Manuel
Published: June 2020

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Teología de la liberación y papel de la Iglesia en el mundo moderno
Authors: Camacho Laraña Ildefonso
Published: June 2020

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El documento Ratzinger: reflexiones para creyentes en torno a un problema
Authors: Marzal Antonio
Published: June 2020

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El derecho negativo de sindicación: el "closed shop" como delito
Authors: Rul-lán Buades Gaspar
Published: June 2020

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El Patrimonio Cultural de la Iglesia
Authors: Corral Salvador Carlos
Published: June 2020

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Obstáculos reales para la paz
Authors: Redacción Consejo de
Published: June 2020

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Decisión económica de invertir y destino ético del beneficio
Authors: Gorosquieta Javier
Published: June 2020

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El defensor del pueblo: Tres años de experiencia
Authors: Giner de Grado Carlos
Published: June 2020

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La financiación de las comunidades autónomas
Authors: Gorosquieta Javier
Published: June 2020

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Elecciones generales 1986
Authors: Ortega Victorino
Published: June 2020

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Por los Estados Unidos de Europa
Authors: Gorosquieta Javier
Published: June 2020

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Problemas juveniles en el campo de las toxicomanías
Authors: Beristain Antonio
Published: June 2020

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KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL SEBAGAI OBJEK JAMINAN FIDUSIA DALAM UPAYA MENDAPATKAN KREDIT PADA LEMBAGA KEUANGAN
Authors: Purwaningsih Endang , Anisariza Nelly Ulfah
Published: June 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk  mengkaji   policy dan  regulasi dalam pelaksanaan fidusia HKI di Indonesia, dan  mengkaji  dukungan serta peran pemerintah, lembaga keuangan dan SDM terkait terhadap fidusia Hak Kekayaan Intelektual. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian normatif yakni menekankan pada data sekunder dalam mengkaji asas-asas hukum positif serta unsur yang berhubungan dengan obyek penelitian, didukung wawancara dan pengamatan lapangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan literary study dan didukung dengan in depth interview,  dengan statute approach dan historical approach, dan futuristik approach sehingga data  akan diperoleh baik dari kepustakaan, maupun wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan Pertama, terkait policy dan regulasi dalam pelaksanaan fidusia HKI di Indonesia belum disebutkan secara eksplisit KI termasuk dalam obyek jaminan Fidusia, namun sedang diusulkan untuk merevisi UU Fidusia terkait pengembangan obyek jaminan agar KI terwadahi  Kedua, dukungan dan peran pemerintah, lembaga keuangan dan SDM terkait terhadap fidusia HKI belum maksimal, namun sangat diperlukan utamanya peran OJK dan Perbankan, agar mendukung terlaksananya fidusia KI dalam mendapatkan kredit.