bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE USE OF CASHLESS MOBILE PAYMENT IN MILLENIAL GENERATIONS OF BATAM CITY
Authors: Suprapto Yandi
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the factors or influences that lead to the use of cashless mobile payments on the Batam millennial generation. The number of electronic-based payment media provided is expected to be able to create payment transactions that are practical, efficient, safe and encourage the creation of a Less Cash Society (LCS). When compared to Indonesia with other ASEAN countries, the level of use of electronic-based payments in the community is still low. Generation Y or the Millennial generation (15 to 39 years) in 2017 showed a figure of 40.29% or as many as 105,520,300 individuals from 261,890,900 Indonesians considered to have the potential to increase the use of electronic-based payments and encourage public awareness of LCS.

The intention to use cashless mobile payments is the dependent variable. Attitudes, behavioral beliefs, financial costs, security and social influence act as independent variables for this study. Determination of the research object was carried out by purposive sampling method, namely the millennial generation (15 to 39 years) in Batam. Research data collection is based on the questionnaire method, namely electronic and online questionnaires with 230 collected data. The research data were analyzed through multiple regression analysis using SSPSS.

The results obtained indicate that the variables of attitude, security and social influence have a significant positive effect on the intention to use cashless mobile payment, while the variables of behavioral beliefs and financial costs do not have a significant effect on the intention to use cashless mobile payments.
THE EFFECT OF SERVICE QUALITY APPLICATION BASED OF CAPSULE TRANS BUS JAMBI CITY ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY THROUGH CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE
Authors: Kurniawan Dwi , Tialonawarmi Feny , Nifita Ade Titi
Published: January 2022

Digitalization in the transportation sector is a necessity. At the same time, several cities in Indonesia have already carried the concept of smart city. Jambi city government which launced the Kota Trans Capsule Bus, the first application based bus in Indonesia. The presence of the capsule bus is an innovation in public transportation with comfortable, modern, high technology and certainly supports Jambi as a smart city in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze the effect of service quality application based of Capsule Trans City Bus on customer loyalty through customer satisfaction as an intervening variable. The analysis test tool used is SmartPLS v.3.3.0 and use the SEM (Structural Equation Model) analysis method. The results showed that the coefficient of indirect paths through the variable (I) customer satisfaction has a vue of 0.662 is greater than the path coefficient is 0.075. this means that the service quality of application based trans Jambi City Capsule Bus affect on customer loyalty but non diretly, namely through the intervening variable customer satisfaction. It means that customer satisfaction mediates between the influence of service quality on customer loyalty.
THE INFLUENCE OF SERVICE QUALITY, PRICE AND BRAND IMAGE ON TELKOMSEL CUSTOMER LOYALTY OF IPB POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS
Authors: Nazhirah Afra , Khairan Annisa Rizki , Najib Mukhamad
Published: January 2022

The study aims to find out how the influence of service quality, price, and brand image on Telkomsel customer loyalty for IPB postgraduate students and to find out what the most influential variable on customer loyalty. This study used 95 students of IPB Postgraduate who have used The Telkomsel Card in The Jabodetabek area and in the last 2 months. This study used non-probability sampling technique with judgmental sampling. The data were collected by online questionner with a Likert scale between 1 to 5. The multiple linear regression analysis was used to test the model. The data processing of this study used SPSS 24.0. The result of this study with F test has shown that the service quality, price, and brand image simultaneously can explain the variable of customer loyalty. The next result with the T test has shown that price has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty.
THE EFFECT OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON CASH DIVIDEND POLICY WITH LIQUIDITY AS MODERATION IN MINING COMPANIES ON IDX 2015-2019
Authors: Mariyana Lissa
Published: January 2022

A company will be assessed for its resilience in surviving as an economy, one of them is a mining company that is required to have a stock of funds. This research involves mining companies, because the mining sector has experienced a decline and has had the lowest growth since 2013 until now. This occurs because the price of global mining commodities is experiencing a price decline following the decline in demand from China and other developing countries, as well as the existence of the Mineral and Coal Law policy which also suppresses the growth of the mining sector internally and has the potential to be a liquidity value for a company. This study will measure the capital structure through IOS, company size, growth rate, profitability, and business risk which affect the cash dividend policy with liquidity as a moderating variable in mining companies listed in 2015-2019. The research method used is to use associative quantitative with a sample of 41 mining sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2015-2019 period.The type of data used in this study is secondary data which includes data from the financial statements of mining companies with analysis using descriptive statistics. The results of the research show that simultaneously, IOS, Company Size, Growth Rate, Profitability (ROI) and Business Risk have a significant effect on cash dividend policy (DEV) through liquidity moderation.
FACTORS AFFECTING PROCUREMENT PERFORMANCE IN THE INDUSTRIES AT BATAM
Authors: Zai Immanuel
Published: January 2022

The objective of this study is to examine factors affecting procurement performance in the industries at Batam. There are Information and communication technology, staff competence, and ethics are the most factors that affect procurement performance. This research model was tested using a non-purposing sample with survey data on 201 respondents who are directly related to procurement in industries at Batam. The results of this study support the proposed research model that information and communication technology, staff competence, and ethics have a significant positive effect on the procurement performance in the chosen industries at Batam. The studies also found that the application of information and communication technology in procurement had the greatest and most positive significant effect on improving procurement performance.
BUSINESS BEHAVIOR AND BUSINESS PERFORMANCE OF BATIK ENTREPRENEURS DURING THE COVID PANDEMIC 19
Authors: Lubis Tona , Firmansyah Firmansyah
Published: January 2022

The emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic has caused huge losses throughout the world. The main victims of this pandemic are micro, small & medium enterprises (SMEs), including Batik SMEs Industry. During the Covid-19 pandemic, it becomes the basis that there will be fundamental changes in business behavior and performance. In general, the ultimate goal of this research is to model the impact of the Covid 19 Pandemic on business behavior and business performance of Jambi Batik entrepreneurs. This study used qualitative research methods with phenomenological type. This qualitative research analysis will be assisted by using the Nvivo software. Based on research, it can be concluded that the downturn of these business entrepreneurs can be seen from their business behavior and business performance. In terms of business behavior, it can be seen that the batik business in Jambi province is experiencing downturn due to 3 reasons. These are Efficiency, Innovative and Creative, while in business performance, the downturn of batik business entrepreneurs in Jambi Province can be seen from 2 reasons, these are reduced profits and decreased sales turnover.
EFFECT OF E-VOUCHER AND DELIVERY RATE TOWARD FOOD PURCHASING DECISIONS VIA GRAB FOOD
Authors: Yuvanda Sesraria , Aisyah Rj Nur Deby
Published: January 2022

This research aims to analyze the effect of e-voucher and delivery rates toward food purchasing decisions of service users via Grab food. The analysis model used in this research was the multiple regression model. The respondents of this research are the students of the Muhammadiyah Jambi University. The result showed a significant influence between e-voucher and delivery rate provided by Grabfood toward food purchasing decisions of their users.
Land Grabbing in Telukjambe Barat, Karawang, West Java and its Teoretical Hook to David Harvey’s and SMP Tjondronegoro’s Works
Authors: Abbas Ria Renita , Soetarto Endriatmo , Pandjaitan Nurmala K , Satria Arif
Published: January 2022

Regional developments in Karawang Regency, West Java have resulted in the marginalization of suburban communities. This marginalization occurs through the process of land grabbing or massive expropriation of land owned by suburban communities, which are none other than village communities that have occupied their lands for a long time. This article aims to contribute to two things. The first is to present an empirical description of the land grabbing process in suburban communities based on a case study in Telukjambe Barat, Karawang Regency, West Java. The second is to present a theoretical discussion to explain this land grabbing phenomenon by referring to the theoretical framework of David Harvey and S.M.P. Tjondronegoro. The research method used in this case study includes primary data obtained from in-depth observations and interviews with informants and is supported by secondary data derived from various research results and relevant documents. The results show that the expansion of urban capitalism in Telukjambe Barat is a spatial planning activity that is more directed at regional development with the presence of corporate power that has controlled space, conquered suburban community ownership, and has full power over space through land grabbing practices. The phenomenon of land grabbing in Telukjambe Barat was theoretically reinforced by S.M.P Tjondronegoro through the concept of “agrarian policy of agrarian denial” and David Harvey through the concept of accumulation by disposition.
Tuberculosis peripheral arthritis: A case report
Authors: Sayad Babak , Babazadeh Arefeh , Shabani Sakineh , Barary Mohammad , Ebrahimpour Soheil , Afshar Zeinab Mohseni
Published: January 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) primarily involves the respiratory tract, but any
organ in the body can be affected. In recent years, extrapulmonary TB
cases have significantly increased due to the prevalence of
immunocompromised patients. Here, we report a case of unilateral ankle
arthritis due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
On the CRI method for solving Sylvester equation with complex symmetric positive semi-definite coefficient matrices
Authors: Karamali Gholamreza , Shirilord Akbar , Dehghan Mehdi
Published: January 2022

Combination of real and imaginary parts (CRI) method is an efficient method for
solving a class of large sparse linear systems with complex symmetric
positive semi-definite coefficient matrices. In this work we will extend CRI
approach to determine the approximate solution of Sylvester equation with
complex symmetric semi-definite positive coefficient matrices. We show that
the new algorithm converges unconditionally to the unique exact solution of
the Sylvester matrix equation. In the end we test the new scheme by solving
some numerical examples.
Erratum to “c0 can be renormed to have the fixed point property for affine nonexpansive mappings”
Authors: Nezir Veysel
Published: January 2022

nema
Product generalized local Morrey spaces and commutators of multi-sublinear operators generated by multilinear Calderon-Zygmund operators and local Campanato functions
Authors: Gürbüz Ferit
Published: January 2022

The aim of this paper is to get the boundedness of the commutators of
multi-sublinear operators generated by local campanato functions and
multilinear Calder?n-Zygmund operators on the product generalized local
Morrey spaces.
The structure of topological Г-semihypergroups
Authors: Barkhori Mehni , Ostadhadi-Dehkordi S.
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we introduce the concept of topological ?-semihypergroups as
a generalization of topological semihypergroups and topological semigroups.
Also, we present the new connection between topological ?-semihypergroups
and topological semihypergroups by a special equivalence relation. Moreover,
we define and consider quotient maps and homomorphisms on topological
?-semihypergroups.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of Ni matrix B4C reinforced functionally graded composites
Authors: Caligulu Ugur , Durmus Hulya , Akkas Mehmet , Sahin Barıs
Published: January 2022

In this study, microstructure and mechanical properties of nickel matrix B4C
reinforced functionally graded composites produced by powder metallurgy
method were investigated. Samples with Ni+5% B4C, Ni +10% B4C, Ni+ 15% B4C
and Ni+ 20% B4C compositions were sintered at 900 and 1050?C for 60
minutes. Microhardness and wear tests along with optical microscopy,
scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
(SEM-EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were carried out to determine
the mechanical properties, microstructure and phase composition of the
samples. The results indicated that hardness and wear resistance increased
with increases of B4C amount in nickel matrix.
Impedance spectroscopy studies on steatite with B2O3 ceramics materials from algerian palygorskite
Authors: Khalfaoui K. , Boumchedda K. , Chaouchi A. , Saidi M. , Lamrani N. , Djafar R.
Published: January 2022

B2O3 was used to reduce the sintering temperature of steatite (named MSB)
dielectric ceramics. Electrical properties of this composition have been
studied using impedance spectroscopic method to get better understanding of
the electrical conduction, dielectric relaxation mechanism, and
microstructure-electrical properties relationship of the materials as a
function of temperature and frequency. These samples were prepared by a
solid-state reaction technique and their single phase formation was
confirmed by the X-ray diffraction technique. Dielectric and complex
impedance spectroscopic studies were carried out in a wide frequency
(102-106 Hz) and temperature (30-500?C) range. The dielectric constants
decrease with increasing frequency for each sample, and then stabilize at
frequencies lower than 100 kHz. The dielectric constant increases with the
addition of B2O3. The nature of frequency dependence of ac conductivity of
MSB follows the Jonscher power law and calculated DC conductivity follows
Arrhinius behavior. The Nyquist plot (Z? vs Z') revealed the presence only
of the grain boundary effect from 350?C onwards. The occurrence of single
arc in the complex modulus spectrum of MSB compositions confirms the
single-phase characteristics, and also confirms the presence of non-Debye
type of multiple relaxations in the material.
Pathogenic Role of Diabetes-Induced Overexpression of Kallistatin in Corneal Wound Healing Deficiency Through Inhibition of Canonical Wnt Signaling
Authors: Liang Wentao , Huang Li , Ma Xiang , Dong Lijie , Cheng Rui , Dehdarani Marcus , Karamichos Dimitrios , Ma Jian-xing
Published: January 2022

It was reported previously that circulation levels of kallistatin, an endogenous Wnt signaling inhibitor, are increased in patients with diabetes. The current study was conducted to determine the role of kallistatin in delayed wound healing in diabetic corneas. Immunostaining and Western blot analysis showed kallistatin levels were upregulated in corneas from humans and rodents with diabetes. In murine corneal wound healing models, the canonical Wnt signaling was activated in nondiabetic corneas and suppressed in diabetic corneas, correlating with delayed wound healing. Transgenic expression of kallistatin suppressed the activation of Wnt signaling in the cornea and delayed wound healing. Local inhibition of Wnt signaling in the cornea by kallistatin, an LRP6-blocking antibody, or the soluble VLDL receptor ectodomain (an endogenous Wnt signaling inhibitor) delayed wound healing. In contrast, ablation of the VLDL receptor resulted in overactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and accelerated corneal wound healing. Activation of Wnt signaling in the cornea accelerated wound healing. Activation of Wnt signaling promoted human corneal epithelial cell migration and proliferation, which was attenuated by kallistatin. Our findings suggested that diabetes-induced overexpression of kallistatin contributes to delayed corneal wound healing by inhibiting the canonical Wnt signaling. Thus, kallistatin and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the cornea could be potential therapeutic targets for diabetic corneal complications.
The Impact of the Stress Hyperglycemia Ratio on Short-term and Long-term Poor Prognosis in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome: Insight From a Large Cohort Study in Asia
Authors: Yang Jie , Zheng Yitian , Li Chen , Gao Jun , Meng Xiangbin , Zhang Kuo , Wang Wenyao , Shao Chunli , Tang Yi-Da
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

In recent years, some studies have indicated that a novel marker described as the stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) can reflect true acute hyperglycemic status and is associated with the short-term poor prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction. In the current study we evaluated the association of SHR with adverse cardiovascular events among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We consecutively enrolled 5,562 ACS patients who underwent drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. All subjects were divided into five groups according to SHR, which was determined by the following formula: ABG / [(28.7 × HbA1c %) − 46.7], where ABG is admission blood glucose level. The primary end point was major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at the 2-year follow-up, and the secondary end point included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at 2-year follow-up, cardiac death, and nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) at 2-year follow-up and in-hospital cardiac death and nonfatal MI.

RESULTS

A total of 643 MACCE were recorded during a median follow-up of 28.3 months. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed the lowest MACCE incidence in quintile 3 (P < 0.001). Moreover, the outcomes of restricted cubic spline analysis suggested that there was a U-shaped or J-shaped association between the SHR and early and late cardiovascular outcomes even after adjustment for other confounding factors.

CONCLUSIONS

There were U-shaped associations of SHR with MACCE rate and MACE rate at 2-year follow-ups and J-shaped associations of SHR with in-hospital cardiac death and MI and that at 2-year follow-up in ACS patients who underwent DES implantation, and the inflection point of SHR for poor prognosis was 0.78.
The Gut Microbiome of Adults With Type 1 Diabetes and Its Association With the Host Glycemic Control
Authors: Shilo Smadar , Godneva Anastasia , Rachmiel Marianna , Korem Tal , Bussi Yuval , Kolobkov Dmitry , Karady Tal , Bar Noam , Wolf Bat Chen , Glantz-Gashai Yitav , Cohen Michal , Levin Nehama Zuckerman , Shehadeh Naim , Gruber Noah , Levran Neriya , Koren Shlomit , Weinberger Adina , Pinhas-Hamiel Orit , Segal Eran
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

Previous studies have demonstrated an association between gut microbiota composition and type 1 diabetes (T1D) pathogenesis. However, little is known about the composition and function of the gut microbiome in adults with longstanding T1D or its association with host glycemic control.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We performed a metagenomic analysis of the gut microbiome obtained from fecal samples of 74 adults with T1D, 14.6 ± 9.6 years following diagnosis, and compared their microbial composition and function to 296 age-matched healthy control subjects (1:4 ratio). We further analyzed the association between microbial taxa and indices of glycemic control derived from continuous glucose monitoring measurements and blood tests and constructed a prediction model that solely takes microbiome features as input to evaluate the discriminative power of microbial composition for distinguishing individuals with T1D from control subjects.

RESULTS

Adults with T1D had a distinct microbial signature that separated them from control subjects when using prediction algorithms on held-out subjects (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.89 ± 0.03). Linear discriminant analysis showed several bacterial species with significantly higher scores in T1D, including Prevotella copri and Eubacterium siraeum, and species with higher scores in control subjects, including Firmicutes bacterium and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (P < 0.05, false discovery rate corrected for all). On the functional level, several metabolic pathways were significantly lower in adults with T1D. Several bacterial taxa and metabolic pathways were associated with the host’s glycemic control.

CONCLUSIONS

We identified a distinct gut microbial signature in adults with longstanding T1D and associations between microbial taxa, metabolic pathways, and glycemic control indices. Additional mechanistic studies are needed to identify the role of these bacteria for potential therapeutic strategies.
Three Sides to the Story: Adherence Trajectories During the First Year of SGLT2 Inhibitor Therapy Among Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Hawley Chelsea E. , Lauffenburger Julie C. , Paik Julie M. , Wexler Deborah J. , Kim Seoyoung C. , Patorno Elisabetta
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to understand the factors associated with sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) adherence and longitudinal adherence trajectories in older adults with type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Using Medicare claims data (April 2013–December 2017), we identified 83,675 new SGLT2i users ≥66 years old with type 2 diabetes. We measured SGLT2i adherence as the proportion of days covered (PDC) during the first year of SGLT2i therapy. We used linear regression to assess the association between baseline covariates and PDC. Then we used group-based trajectory modeling to identify distinct longitudinal SGLT2i adherence groups and used a multivariable logistic regression model to examine the association between baseline covariates and membership in these adherence groups.

RESULTS

Unadjusted mean PDC was 63%. Previous adherence to statins had the strongest positive association with PDC (regression coefficient 6.00% [95% CI 5.50, 6.50]), whereas female sex (−5.51% [−6.02, −5.00]), and Black race/ethnicity (−5.06% [−6.03, −4.09]) had the strongest negative association. We identified three adherence trajectory groups: low (23% of patients, mean PDC 17%), moderate (32%, mean PDC 50%), and high (45%, mean PDC 96%) adherence. More patients in the high adherence group were previously adherent to statins (odds ratio 1.43 [95% CI 1.39, 1.48]), and more women (1.28 [1.23, 1.32]) and Black patients (1.31 [1.23, 1.40]) were in the low adherence group.

CONCLUSIONS

In a large population of older patients with type 2 diabetes, 45% were highly adherent during the first year of SGLT2i treatment. Female sex and Black race/ethnicity were most strongly associated with low adherence.
Inflammation, Hyperglycemia, and Adverse Outcomes in Individuals With Diabetes Mellitus Hospitalized for COVID-19
Authors: Vasbinder Alexi , Anderson Elizabeth , Shadid Husam , Berlin Hanna , Pan Michael , Azam Tariq U. , Khaleel Ibrahim , Padalia Kishan , Meloche Chelsea , O’Hayer Patrick , Michaud Erinleigh , Catalan Tonimarie , Feroze Rafey , Blakely Pennelope , Launius Christopher , Huang Yiyuan , Zhao Lili , Ang Lynn , Mikhael Monica , Mizokami-Stout Kara , Pennathur Subramaniam , Kretzler Matthias , Loosen Sven H. , Chalkias Athanasios , Tacke Frank , Giamarellos-Bourboulis Evangelos J. , Reiser Jochen , Eugen-Olsen Jesper , Feldman Eva L. , Pop-Busui Rodica , Hayek Salim S. , group the ISIC
Published: January 2022

Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a
major risk factor for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) for reasons
that are unclear.

Research Design and Methods: We leveraged The International
Study of Inflammation in COVID-19, a multicenter observational study of 2,044
patients hospitalized with COVID-19, to characterize the impact of DM on
in-hospital outcomes and assess the contribution of inflammation and
hyperglycemia to the risk attributed to DM. We measured biomarkers of
inflammation collected at hospital admission and collected glucose levels and
insulin data throughout hospitalization. The primary outcome was the
composite of in-hospital death, need for mechanical ventilation, and need for
renal replacement therapy.

Results: Among participants (mean age, 60 years; 58.2%
males), those with DM (n=686, 33.5%) had a significantly higher cumulative
incidence of the primary outcome (37.8% vs. 28.6%) and higher levels of
inflammatory biomarkers compared to those without DM. Amongst biomarkers, DM
was only associated with higher soluble urokinase plasminogen activator
receptor (suPAR) levels in multivariable analysis. Adjusting for suPAR levels
abrogated the association between DM and the primary outcome (adjusted
odds ratio 1.23[95%CI:0.78,1.37]). In mediation analysis, we estimated the
proportion of the effect of DM on the primary outcome mediated by suPAR at 84.2%.
Hyperglycemia and higher insulin doses were independent predictors of the primary
outcome, with effect sizes unaffected by adjusting for suPAR levels.

Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that the association between DM and outcomes in COVID-19
is largely mediated by hyper-inflammation as assessed by suPAR levels, while the
impact of hyperglycemia is independent of inflammation.
Explosive Combustion of Hydrogen-Air Mixtures Large Volumes in the Open Atmosphere
Authors:   FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia, Chuguev A.P. , Bolodyan I.A. ,   FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia, Nekrasov V.P. ,   FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia, Fedorinov M.V. ,   FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia, Sychev A.N. ,   FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia
Published: January 2022

Potential scale of the use of hydrogen as a fuel can have not only a positive effect on the eсology, but also negative consequences in the form of emergency situations with the release of significant volumes of hydrogen and combustion of its mixtures with air with a possible transition to detonation. In the experiments conducted recently at the FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia with hydrogen-air mixtures with the volume up to 100 m3, a noticeable acceleration of the flame front was found during the combustion of such volumes of gas mixtures. Therefore, the studies were continued with the volumes of mixtures significantly larger, up to 300 m3. The experiments were carried out on a landfill stand equipped with a system for remote refueling of rubber balloon probes with hydrogen, air, or oxygen. Transparent rubber shells (probe balls) with a wall thickness of 0.05 mm (50 microns) were filled with a hydrogen-air mixture with a hydrogen concentration of 32–39 volume %. Ignition of combustible mixtures was carried out by means of an electric spark with an energy of 1 J or a standard igniter with an energy of 25 J, as well as an electric detonator with an energy of 1200 J. Visible combustion rate of the hydrogen-air mixture was measured using a photo recorder and high-speed video recording. The pressure in the blast wave was recorded by knife-type sensors with piezoelectric elements. The volume of hydrogen-air mixture can be estimated from the above empirical dependence. In the presence of a strong ignition source and obstacles that intensify the combustion process, a significant increase in the combustion rate up to detonation is possible.
Analysis of the Possibility of an Accident Escalation in the System of the Overhead Multi-Line Gas Pipelines in the Arctic
Authors:   Gazprom VNIIGAZ LLC, Gamera Yu.V. , Petrova Yu.Yu. ,   Gazprom VNIIGAZ LLC, Kantyukov R.R. ,   Gazprom VNIIGAZ LLC, Yagupova L.V. ,   Gazprom VNIIGAZ LLC
Published: January 2022

Assessment of the risk of accidents for the pipelines in the multi-line corridors is very relevant, especially in the event of a possible escalation of an accident from one line to another. Methodological approach for assessing the conditional probability of an escalation of an accident on the multi-line above-ground gas pipelines located in the Arctic and intended for supplying fuel to certain regions is considered in the article. From the point of view of industrial safety, to describe the degree of danger of an accident during the operation of gas pipelines, the use of traditional risk indicators, such as individual, collective, and social risk, is not very informative, since the Arctic gas pipelines are laid in a sparsely populated area. Therefore, in this article it is proposed to use the conditional probability of an accident escalation, and, based on such an assessment, draw conclusions about the independence of gas supply along the individual lines. The calculations are made concerning the escalation of an accident to adjacent lines during depressurization of a typical above-ground multi-line main gas pipeline. The hazard of abnormal avalanche-like depressurization of a gas pipeline during its oscillations under the influence of reactive forces from outflowing jets is considered separately. Dependence is given related to the conditional probability of an accident escalation on the distance between the lines in the case of an avalanche-like destruction of an above-ground gas pipeline on the equipped supports. The method is developed to consider the specifics of the recipient gas pipeline when simulating its destruction under the influence of thermal radiation.
Thermal Decomposition of D-cycloserine and Terizidone
Authors:   Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Vasin A.Ya. , Khyng D.T. ,   Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Gadzhiev G.G. ,   Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Raykova V.M. ,   Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Shushpanov A.N. ,   Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology
Published: January 2022

Thermal decomposition of D-cycloserine and terizidone in the air and in the inert helium and nitrogen media was studied using differential thermal analysis. It is shown that upon reaching 145 °C and 135 °C respectively, the intense exothermic decomposition begins. In the inert environment the substances retain ability to intensively exothermic decomposition, which is a required condition for the possibility of explosive transformation occurrence. To confirm the possibility of explosive transformation, the flash points of substances were calculated according to the formula, which is a consequence of the problem of thermal explosion during convective heat exchange with the environment. The obtained result is close to the experimental one (temperatures 102 and 104 °C, respectively). The calculations used the kinetic parameters determined by the Kissinger method and corresponding to the values obtained by the Ozawa — Flynn — Wall method. Densities of the substances found using an automatic pycnometer, and the heat of explosive transformation obtained experimentally and with the use of the computer thermodynamic program Real are also considered. It is concluded that both substances are prone to intense exothermic decomposition, and, under certain conditions, the development of a thermal explosion is possible. Recommendations on ensuring industrial safety when working with D-cycloserine and terizidone are sent to FGUP «GNTs «NIOPIK». Particular attention should be paid to temperature control at all the stages of the production process. Based on the results obtained in the study, it should not exceed 110 °C for D-cycloserine, and 120 °C for terizidone considering the error of measuring instruments.
Selective Repair of the Pipelines: Appropriateness, Сonstructability, Efficiency
Authors:   LLC «EXICOM» («Expert Engineering Company»), Veliyulin I.I. , Aleksandrov V.A. ,   LLC «EXICOM» («Expert Engineering Company»), Veliyulin E.I. ,   LLC «Group of companies «Vertical economic strategy»
Published: January 2022

Selective and complete repairs are the main methods of performing repair works to eliminate pipelines corrosion and stress-corrosion defects. The advantages of both methods are compared, both from a technical and economic standpoint, and from the point of view of the organization and production of large-scale construction and installation works. Initially, at the stage of operation of the first main gas pipelines, their overhaul was carried out exclusively with a complete replacement of pipes. Subsequently, with the development of in-line diagnostics, a more rational approach to the choice of a repair method — began to develop selective repair of the pipelines with the accumulation of the main efforts on defective pipe sections found a widespread use. This is due to the fact that the diagnostic examinations showed an uneven level of technical condition of pipes and sections along the length of gas pipelines. However, complete repair with replacement of pipes still makes up a significant part of the total volume of repair operations. The issues of planning repair work are considered from the point of view of optimization of organizational and operational costs. The principle of optimal planning of work should be based on minimizing the functional of the total costs of the repair itself, and on compensating for the shortage of gas to consumers during the period of its implementation. Analysis of the technical condition of the main gas pipelines showed that there is no need for large-scale repair work on the overwhelming majority of the lines in the central and southern directions, therefore, selective repair should be adopted as the main one, contributing to the functional cost minimization. The calculation results show that the efficiency of selective repairs application depends on the number of single sections, the organization of simultaneous work at the object, and the number of relocations of the columns and crews. Due to the heterogeneity of the pipelines technical condition, the selective method of carrying out repair works in many cases becomes the most efficient. In this case, the choice of technology and organizational scheme for the work production should be determined based on the specific conditions at the repair site.
Conceptual Model of Life Support Systems Interaction during Intersystem Accidents
Authors:   Gazprom Gaznadzor LLC, Lesnykh V.V. ,   Department of Technosphere Safety RUDN University, Timofeeva T.B. ,   State University of Management
Published: January 2022

The article deals with the problem of constructing a conceptual model of intersystem accidents in the life support systems. Accidents in such systems lead to large-scale and long-term negative social, material, financial and ecological consequences. Particularly severe consequences are associated with the intersystem accidents when the termination or limitation in functioning affects two or more life support systems. The performed analysis showed that up to now much attention was paid to the simulation of emergency processes in the separate (no more than two) interacting systems. Among the main problems that make it difficult to simulate the emergency interaction of two life support systems and more, are the need to consider different dynamics of the propagation of emergency disturbances in the systems, as well as the complexity of formalizing the function of transferring disturbances between the systems. In this regard, research was initiated aimed at developing a conceptual model of the interaction of life support systems, which is a preliminary stage in the creation of appropriate formalized models. The paper formulates the requirements for the composition of the initial data: a description of the urbanized territory, with respect to which the intersystem accidents are considered; a block diagram of the interacting systems; types of interconnections of life support systems; scenarios of intersystem accidents; accident statistics, etc. It is shown that the multidimensional matrix of interactions can be a formal representation of the relationships between the systems in the event of occurrence of the intersystem accidents. When modeling the interaction, it is required to consider the inertia of the systems, for example, by introducing the coefficient of inertia, which will determine the delay in the transmission of the disturbance. The article formulates the main provisions and the schematic diagram of the conceptual model of intersystem accidents, as well as defines the basic requirements for the formal model.
Prédicteurs de l’utilisation de la cigarette électronique à capsule chez les jeunes et les jeunes adultes canadiens
Authors: Ahmad Safa , Wang Tianru , Schwartz Robert , Bondy Susan J.
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Les modifications apportées à la législation fédérale ont permis la vente légale de cigarettes électroniques à base de nicotine sur le marché canadien en 2018. Parmi ces produits figurent les cigarettes électroniques à capsule, comme les dispositifs JUUL, qui ont par la suite été associées à une hausse marquée de la prévalence de l’utilisation des cigarettes électroniques et à un accroissement de la fréquence de leur utilisation chez les jeunes américains et canadiens. De nombreuses études ont été menées auprès de divers groupes de populations aux États-Unis sur les facteurs qui incitent à utiliser ou à commencer à utiliser les dispositifs JUUL, mais on dispose de peu de données probantes sur des facteurs de risque semblables liés à l’utilisation des cigarettes électroniques à capsule chez les jeunes et les jeunes adultes canadiens. La compréhension de ces facteurs de risque peut éclairer l’adoption de stratégies de prévention et d’intervention au Canada et dans d’autres pays.

Méthodologie

Au total, 668 jeunes et jeunes adultes canadiens ont été recrutés dans le cadre de l’Étude par panel auprès des jeunes et des jeunes adultes réalisée en 2018- 2019. Ils ont été invités à répondre à une enquête initiale ayant eu lieu 3 mois avant l’assouplissement de la réglementation fédérale sur les cigarettes électroniques à base de nicotine et une enquête de suivi 9 mois après la modification de la réglementation. Nous avons utilisé une régression logistique multivariée pour comprendre les prédicteurs de référence de l’utilisation future des cigarettes électroniques à capsule chez les répondants et pour les classer en fonction de leur importance.

Résultats

Avoir consommé du cannabis au cours du dernier mois (rapport de cotes [RC] = 2,66; intervalle de confiance [IC] à 95 % : 1,66 à 4,21, p < 0,001), fumer régulièrement la cigarette (RC = 3,42; 1,53 à 7,65, p < 0,01), avoir expérimenté antérieurement la cigarette (RC = 2,40, 1,34 à 4,31, p < 0,01), avoir de nombreux amis qui vapotent (RC = 2,15; 1,37 à 3,34, p < 0,001), avoir moins de 18 ans comparativement à avoir plus de 22 ans (RC = 5,26; 2,63 à 10,00, p < 0,001) et être de sexe masculin (RC = 1,69; 1,16 à 2,50, p < 0,01) se sont révélés des prédicteurs significatifs et les plus influents de l’utilisation future de cigarettes électroniques à capsule.

Conclusion

Des facteurs similaires ont incité les jeunes et les jeunes adultes canadiens et américains à utiliser des cigarettes électroniques à capsule. L’examen de la polyconsommation de substances chez les jeunes du secondaire peut être utile pour mettre en place des stratégies préventives appropriées.
General safety concepts used in transport
Authors: Szymanek Andrzej
Published: January 2022

The article presents selected concepts, models and theories of safety known from research and applications in various areas of technology and suitable for use in the field of transport. In particular, attention was paid to cognitively promising in the field of transport safety, and relatively little used research concepts here: Normal Accident Theory (NAT) Ch.Perrow, "Swiss cheese model" /SCh-M/ by J. Reason, concepts of "safe space of action" by J. Rasmussen and R.  Amalberti, the concept of High Reliability Organizations /HRO/, or even interpretations of the transport system as a  complex system (CS). The main aim of the article was to present some important general safety concepts and show that they can be used to model safety in the field of transport. The article shows that the so-called Geysen's thesis allows for the development of justified safety analogies between transport systems and such systems of technology that have greater scientific and engineering achievements in the field of safety.
Simplification of deep reinforcement learning in traffic control using the Bonsai Platform
Authors: Skuba Michal , Janota Aleš
Published: January 2022

The paper deals with the problem of traffic light control of road intersection. The authors use a model of a real road junction created in the AnyLogic modelling tool. For two scenarios, there are three simulation experiments performed ? fixed time control, fixed time control after AnyLogic-based optimizations, and dynamic control obtained through the cooperation of the AnyLogic tool and the Bonsai platform, utilizing benefits of deep reinforcement learning. At present, there are trends to simplify machine learning processes as much as possible to make them accessible to practitioners with no artificial intelligence background and without the need to become data scientists. Project Bonsai represents an easy-to-use connector, that allows to use AnyLogic models connected to the Bonsai platform - a novel approach to machine learning without the need to set any hyper-parameters. Due to unavailability of real operational data, the model uses simulation data only, with presence and movement of vehicles only (no pedestrians). The optimization problem consists in minimizing the average time that agents (vehicles) must spend in the model, passing the modelled intersection. Another observed parameter is the maximum time of individual vehicles spent in the model. The authors share their practical, mainly methodological, experiences with the simulation process and indicate economic cost needed for training as well.
The efficiency of the selected polish regional rail carriers in the years 2017-2020
Authors: Sobczak Paweł
Published: January 2022

The provision of transport services is a crucial element of the modern economy and it is not an easy task. It requires taking into consideration a number of factors and expectations of travelers. Meeting these expectations results in the degree of use of a given carrier by travelers. In the article, using the method of documentation analysis, an assessment and comparison of the efficiency of the selected regional rail carriers providing transport services mainly within different provinces in Poland in the years 2017-2020 were made.
Investigation of the inhibitory effects of simvastatin in RPMI 2650: An in-vitro study
Authors: Jaapar KH , Zuhairi ZN , Sani Gapor NA , Bismelah NA , Mohamed NAH
Published: January 2022

Objective: The present study was carried out to investigate the antiproliferative effects of simvastatin involving Human Squamous Nasal Cell Carcinoma (RPMI 2650 cell line), which is one of the most common head and neck cancers with the highest incidence and mortality rates in Asian countries. The anti-cancer effects of simvastatin in NPC have not yet been investigated in depth, hence it will be illustrated in the present study. Materials and methods: The cells were treated with various concentrations of Simvastatin in a dose dependent (0, 0.1, 0. 4, 3.0 mg/ml) and time dependent (24, 48 and 72 hours) manner. The cancer cell viability was then assessed by using MTT assay at absorbance of 590 nm. Results: Simvastatin induced reduction in cell viability number and induced apoptosis in RPMI 2650 cell line. Simvastatin for 72 h significantly reduced cell growth as compared to 48 and 24 h pre-incubation with simvastatin treatment. After 72 h incubation with 0.1 mg/ml, 0.4 mg/ml and 3.0 mg/ml simvastatin, the cell viability decreased from 100% in treated control cells to 23%, 21% and 14% respectively. Conclusions: This finding demonstrate the potential of simvastatin and probably may have therapeutic benefit for NPC cell growth.
The Effect of Different Milk Products on Enamel Hardness: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Said Gulam Khan HB , Mohd Sarmin NI , Zahid MF , Hashim NA
Published: January 2022

Objectives: An in vitro study to assess the effect of different milk products on the hardness of enamel surfaces. Materials and Methods: Extracted primary and permanent teeth incisors (15 deciduous and 15 permanent) were collected and cleaned. The extracted teeth were then divided randomly into five groups (n=6 per group): G1- distilled water (control); G2- fresh milk (cow milk); G3- chocolate flavoured milk; G4- orange flavoured cultured milk; G5 - fruit lassi milk. The 10 days immersion cycles for the test products were performed thrice daily and were interspersed with exposure of the artificial saliva. Measurement of microhardness on the enamel surface microhardness measurement were performed at baseline, 5- and 10- day of experimentation using Vickers hardness test machine. The pH of each milk products was also assessed. The data were evaluated with repeated measures ANOVA test. Results: Group 4 had significant reduction in microhardness (p<0.05) compared to the control group while Group 1 showed significant reduction (p<0.05) in microhardness compared to all tested samples for day 5 and day 10. While for intergroup comparison, there was no difference in group 3 and group 2. However, there were significant difference between group 4 and group 5 with all other groups on day 10 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Fresh milk showed to be more effective in increasing the enamel microhardness meanwhile orange culture milk has the highest reduction of enamel surface hardness. Thus, we suggest that milk product with low pH has high tendency in enamel erosion.
Studies on molecular epidemiology of ESβL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patients hospitalized in a specialist hospital in southern Poland
Authors: Ochońska Dorota , Olechowska-Jarząb Aldona , Dobrut Anna , Bulanda Małgorzata , Brzychczy-Włoch Monika
Published: January 2022

Introduction. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESβL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae is currently one of the most common causes of nosocomial infections worldwide. The study aimed to characterize antibiotic resistance profile, the prevalence of selected genes encoding ESβLs, virulence, and the genetic relationship in 139 K. pneumoniae isolates identified in John Paul II Specialist Hospital in Southern Poland, collected in 2016.

Materials/Methods. Bacterial identification and the preliminary antibiotic susceptibilities was performed using the VI-TEK® 2 Compact automated system. Genes encoding ESβLs were amplified by CTX-Mplex PCR and PCR reactions. The presence of nine genes encoding virulence factors was studied by multiplex PCR. Clonality was investigated by PFGE after digestion with SpeI endonuclease.

Results. K. pneumoniae were mostly recovered from the respiratory tract (40.3%), urine (32.4%), wound swabs (19.4%) and blood (5%). In summary, 82.7% of strains were classified as multidrug resistant (MDR). All isolates were confirmed as ESβL producers and carried bla
CTX-M-type (85.6%), bla
SHV (82%), bla
TEM (77.7%), bla
CTX-M-9 (75.6%) and bla
CTX-M-1 (1.4%) in various combinations. Moreover, triple bla genes were observed in 72% of isolates. The most common virulence-as-sociated genes found among the isolates were entB (91.4%), ybtS (55.4%), iutA (55.4%), magA (53.2%), kfu (14.4%), K2 (11.5%), mrkD (10.1%), rmpA (7.9%) and allS (5%). The PFGE analysis identified 4 major clusters (A–D) comprising 61% of the entire collection.

Conclusions. Our results indicate that the presence of a wide variety of MDR K. pneumoniae harbor ESβLs and virulence genes. Studies on molecular epidemiology of ESβL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates are needed, particularly for epidemiological surveillance in the hospital environment.