bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Al 6061 Alloy Compositions on Mechanical Properties of the Automotive Steering Knuckle Made by Novel Casting Process
Authors: Jeon Gyu , Kim Ki , Moon Jung-Hwa , Lee Chul , Kim Whi-Jun , Kim Suk
Published: October 2018

This study demonstrates the feasibility of a novel casting process called tailored additive casting (TAC). The TAC process involves injecting the melt several times to fabricate a single component, with a few seconds of holding between successive injections. Using TAC, we can successfully produce commercial-grade automotive steering knuckles with a tensile strength of 383 ± 3 MPa and an elongation percentage of 10.7 ± 1.1%, from Al 6061 alloys. To produce steering knuckles with sufficient mechanical strength, the composition of an Al 6061 alloy is optimized with the addition of Zr, Zn, and Cu as minor elements. These minor elements influence the thermal properties of the melt and alloy, such as their thermal stress, strain rate, shrinkage volume, and porosity. Optimal conditions for heat treatment before and after forging further improve the mechanical strength of the steering knuckles produced by TAC followed by forging.
Recycling the GaN Waste from LED Industry by Pressurized Leaching Method
Authors: Chen Wei-Sheng , Hsu Li-Lin , Wang Li-Pang
Published: October 2018

In recent years, with the increasing research and development of the light-emitting diode (LED) industry, which contains gallium nitride (GaN), it is expected that there will be a large amount of related wastes in the future. Gallium has an extremely high economic value, therefore, it is necessary to establish a recycling system for the GaN waste. However, GaN is a direct-gap semiconductor and with its high energy gap, high hardness, and high melting point, these make it difficult to recycle. Therefore, this study will analyze the physical characteristics of LED wastes containing GaN and carry out various leaching methods to leach the valuable metals from the waste optimally. Different acids are used to find out the best reagent for gallium leaching. Different experimental parameters are discussed, such as the effect of the different acid agents, concentration, pressure, liquid-solid mass ratio, temperature and time, which influence the leaching efficiency of gallium. Finally, acid leaching under high pressure is preferred to leach the GaN waste, and hydrochloric acid is used as the leaching solution because of its better leaching efficiency of gallium. Optimally, the leaching efficiency of gallium can reach 98%.
Bioactivity, Health Benefits, and Related Molecular Mechanisms of Curcumin: Current Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives
Authors: Xu Xiao-Yu , Meng Xiao , Li Sha , Gan Ren-You , Li Ya , Li Hua-Bin
Published: October 2018

Curcumin is a principal curcuminoid of turmeric (Curcuma longa), which is commonly used as a spice in cooking and a yellow pigment in the food processing industry. Recent studies have demonstrated that curcumin has a variety of biological activities and pharmacological performances, providing protection and promotion of human health. In addition to presenting an overview of the gut metabolism of curcumin, this paper reviews the current research progress on its versatile bioactivity, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-regulatory activities, and also intensively discusses its health benefits, including the protective or preventive effects on cancers and diabetes, as well as the liver, nervous system, and cardiovascular systems, highlighting the potential molecular mechanisms. Besides, the beneficial effects of curcumin on human are further stated based on clinical trials. Considering that there is still a debate on the beneficial effects of curcumin, we also discuss related challenges and prospects. Overall, curcumin is a promising ingredient of novel functional foods, with protective efficacy in preventing certain diseases. We hope this comprehensive and updated review will be helpful for promoting human-based studies to facilitate its use in human health and diseases in the future.
Bioactive Compounds in Kimchi Improve the Cognitive and Memory Functions Impaired by Amyloid Beta
Authors: Woo Minji , Kim Mi Jeong , Song Yeong Ok
Published: October 2018

This study investigated the abilities of kimchi and its bioactive compounds to ameliorate amyloid beta (Aβ)-induced memory and cognitive impairments. Mice were given a single intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ25-35, followed by a daily oral administration of capsaicin (10 mg·kg-bw–1), 3-(4′-hydroxyl-3′,5′-dimethoxyphenyl)propionic acid (50 mg/kg bw), quercetin (50 mg/kg bw), ascorbic acid (50 mg/kg bw), or kimchi methanol extract (KME; 200 mg/kg bw) for 2 weeks (n = 7 per group). Carboxymethylcellulose was used as a vehicle for the normal and control groups. Behavioral task tests showed that the learning and memory abilities were significantly waned by the injected Aβ25-35, but these cognitive deficits were recovered by the administrated KME and kimchi bioactive compounds (p < 0.05). The reactive oxygen species, peroxynitrite, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels were lower, and the glutathione level was higher, in the KME and bioactive compound groups than in the control group (p < 0.05). In the KME and bioactive compound groups, the protein expression levels of antioxidant enzymes (nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2-regulated superoxide dismutase-1 and glutathione peroxidase) were increased, whereas those of inflammation-related enzymes (nuclear factor-kappaB -regulated inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2) were decreased (p < 0.05). Thus, the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of bioactive compounds-rich kimchi might help to attenuate the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease.
Synthesis and Characterization of Isosorbide-Based Polyurethanes Exhibiting Low Cytotoxicity Towards HaCaT Human Skin Cells
Authors: Gregorí Valdés Barbara S. , Gomes Clara S. B. , Gomes Pedro T. , Ascenso José R. , Diogo Hermínio P. , Gonçalves Lídia M. , Galhano dos Santos Rui , Ribeiro Helena M. , Bordado João C.
Published: October 2018

The synthesis of four samples of new polyurethanes was evaluated by changing the ratio of the diol monomers used, poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) and D-isosorbide, in the presence of aliphatic isocyanates such as the isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and 4,4′-methylenebis(cyclohexyl isocyanate) (HMDI). The thermal properties of the four polymers obtained were determined by DSC, exhibiting Tg values in the range 55–70 °C, and their molecular structure characterized by FTIR, 1H, and 13C NMR spectroscopies. The diffusion coefficients of these polymers in solution were measured by the Pulse Gradient Spin Echo (PGSE) NMR method, enabling the calculation of the corresponding hydrodynamic radii in diluted solution (1.62–2.65 nm). The molecular weights were determined by GPC/SEC and compared with the values determined by a quantitative 13C NMR analysis. Finally, the biocompatibility of the polyurethanes was assessed using the HaCaT keratinocyte cell line by the MTT reduction assay method showing values superior to 70% cell viability.
The New Generation from Biomembrane with Green Technologies for Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Mohamed El-hadi Ahmed , Alamri Hatem Rashad
Published: October 2018

A biopolymer of polylactic acid (PLLA)/polypropylene carbonate (PPC)/poly (3-hydroxybutrate) (PHB)/triethyl citrate (TEC) blends was prepared by the solution-casting method at different proportions. The thermal characteristics were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG). PHB and TEC were added to improve the interfacial adhesion, crystallization behavior, and mechanical properties of the immiscible blend from PLLA and PPC (20%). The addition of more than 20% of PPC as an amorphous part hindered the crystallization of PLLA. PPC, PHB, and TEC also interacted with the PLLA matrix, which reduced the glass transition temperature (Tg), the cold crystallization temperature (Tcc), and the melting point (Tm) to about 53, 57 and 15 °C, respectively. The Tg shifted from 60 to 7 °C; therefore, the elongation at break improved from 6% (pure PLLA) to 285% (PLLA blends). In this article, biomembranes of PLLA with additives were developed and made by an electrospinning process. The new generation from biopolymer membranes can be used to absorb suspended pollutants in the water, which helps in the purification of drinking water in the household.
Effects of Extractives on Dimensional Stability, Dynamic Mechanical Properties, Creep, and Stress Relaxation of Rice Straw/High-Density Polyethylene Composites
Authors: Wang Huanbo , Lin Fazhi , Qiu Pingping , Liu Tian
Published: October 2018

The removal of rice straw extractives increases the interphase adhesion between rice straw and the high-density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix, while eradicating the inner defects of rice straw/HDPE composites. This study investigated the effect of rice straw extractives removal on the dimensional stability (water uptake and thermal expansion), dynamic mechanical properties, creep, and stress relaxation of rice straw/HDPE composites. Cold water (CW), hot water (HW), and 1% alkaline solution (AL) extraction methods were utilized to remove rice straw extractives. Extracted and unextracted rice straws were mixed with HDPE, maleated polyethylene (MAPE), and Polyethylene wax to prepare composites via extrusion. Removal of rice straw extractives significantly improved the dimensional stability, dynamic mechanical properties, and creep and stress relaxation of rice straw/HDPE composites, with the exception of the thickness swelling of the AL/HDPE and the thermal expansion of the rice straw/HDPE composites. HW/HDPE exhibited the best comprehensive performance.
Diels–Alder-Crosslinked Polymers Derived from Jatropha Oil
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Knigge Remco Arjen , Heeres Hero Jan , Broekhuis Antonius A. , Picchioni Francesco
Published: October 2018

Methyl oleate, methyl linoleate, and jatropha oil were fully epoxidized using in situ-generated performic acid. The epoxidized compounds were further reacted with furfurylamine in a solvent-free reaction to obtain furan-functionalized fatty esters which, then, functioned as oligomers for a network preparation. Thermoreversible crosslinking was obtained through a (retro) Diels–Alder reaction with bismaleimide, resulting in the formation of a brittle network for furan-functionalized methyl linoleate and jatropha oil. The furan-functionalized fatty esters were mixed with alternating (1,4)-polyketone reacted with furfurylamine (PK-Furan) for testing the mechanical and self-healing properties with DMTA and DSC, respectively. Full self-healing properties were found, and faster thermoreversibility kinetics were observed, compared to PK-Furan.
Design and Implementation of a Dual-Axis Tilting Quadcopter
Authors: Bin Junaid Ali , Diaz De Cerio Sanchez Alejandro , Betancor Bosch Javier , Vitzilaios Nikolaos , Zweiri Yahya
Published: October 2018

Standard quadcopters are popular largely because of their mechanical simplicity relative to other hovering aircraft, low cost and minimum operator involvement. However, this simplicity imposes fundamental limits on the types of maneuvers possible due to its under-actuation. The dexterity and fault tolerance required for flying in limited spaces like forests and industrial infrastructures dictate the use of a bespoke dual-tilting quadcopter that can launch vertically, performs autonomous flight between adjacent obstacles and is even capable of flying in the event of the failure of one or two motors. This paper proposes an actuation concept to enhance the performance characteristics of the conventional under-actuated quadcopter. The practical formation of this concept is followed by the design, modeling, simulation and prototyping of a dual-axis tilting quadcopter. Outdoor flight tests using tilting rotors, to follow a trajectory containing adjacent obstacles, were conducted in order to compare the flight of conventional quadcopter with the proposed over-actuated vehicle. The results show that the quadcopter with tilting rotors provides more agility and mobility to the vehicle especially in narrow indoor and outdoor infrastructures.
Automatic Leaf Segmentation for Estimating Leaf Area and Leaf Inclination Angle in 3D Plant Images
Authors: Itakura Kenta , Hosoi Fumiki
Published: October 2018

Automatic and efficient plant monitoring offers accurate plant management. Construction of three-dimensional (3D) models of plants and acquisition of their spatial information is an effective method for obtaining plant structural parameters. Here, 3D images of leaves constructed with multiple scenes taken from different positions were segmented automatically for the automatic retrieval of leaf areas and inclination angles. First, for the initial segmentation, leave images were viewed from the top, then leaves in the top-view images were segmented using distance transform and the watershed algorithm. Next, the images of leaves after the initial segmentation were reduced by 90%, and the seed regions for each leaf were produced. The seed region was re-projected onto the 3D images, and each leaf was segmented by expanding the seed region with the 3D information. After leaf segmentation, the leaf area of each leaf and its inclination angle were estimated accurately via a voxel-based calculation. As a result, leaf area and leaf inclination angle were estimated accurately after automatic leaf segmentation. This method for automatic plant structure analysis allows accurate and efficient plant breeding and growth management.
Identification of Causative Ciguatoxins in Red Snappers Lutjanus bohar Implicated in Ciguatera Fish Poisonings in Vietnam
Authors: Ha Dao , Uesugi Aya , Uchida Hajime , Ky Pham , Minh Dang , Watanabe Ryuichi , Matsushima Ryoji , Oikawa Hiroshi , Nagai Satoshi , Iwataki Mitsunori , Fukuyo Yasuwo , Suzuki Toshiyuki
Published: October 2018

Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) is a type of food poisoning caused by the consumption of a variety of toxic ciguatera fish species in the tropical and subtropical waters. Although there have been a large number of suspected CFP cases in the Southeast Asian countries, few were confirmed with causative ciguatoxins (CTXs), and reliable information on the symptoms still remains rather limited. In the present study, CTXs in red snapper Lutjanus bohar, implicated in two suspected CFP cases in Vietnam in 2014 and 2016, were determined by use of the single-quadrupole selected ion monitoring (SIM) liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Ciguatoxin-1B (CTX-1B), 54-deoxyCTX-1B, and 52-epi-54-deoxyCTX-1B were detected in the red snapper by our LC/MS method. Moreover, CTX-1B, 54-deoxyCTX-1B, and 52-epi-54-deoxyCTX-1B were further identified by the time of flight (TOF) LC/MS with the exact mass spectrum. The CTX profile of the red snapper in Vietnam is similar to those of ciguatera fish from Australia, Okinawa Islands in Japan, Kiribati, and Hong Kong. This is the first comprehensive report unambiguously identifying the causative toxins in fish implicated with reliable information on the poisoning symptoms in CFP in Vietnam and/or Southeast Asian countries.
Variations in the Botulinum Neurotoxin Binding Domain and the Potential for Novel Therapeutics
Authors: Davies Jonathan R. , Liu Sai Man , Acharya K. Ravi
Published: October 2018

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are categorised into immunologically distinct serotypes BoNT/A to /G). Each serotype can also be further divided into subtypes based on differences in amino acid sequence. BoNTs are ~150 kDa proteins comprised of three major functional domains: an N-terminal zinc metalloprotease light chain (LC), a translocation domain (HN), and a binding domain (HC). The HC is responsible for targeting the BoNT to the neuronal cell membrane, and each serotype has evolved to bind via different mechanisms to different target receptors. Most structural characterisations to date have focussed on the first identified subtype within each serotype (e.g., BoNT/A1). Subtype differences within BoNT serotypes can affect intoxication, displaying different botulism symptoms in vivo, and less emphasis has been placed on investigating these variants. This review outlines the receptors for each BoNT serotype and describes the basis for the highly specific targeting of neuronal cell membranes. Understanding receptor binding is of vital importance, not only for the generation of novel therapeutics but also for understanding how best to protect from intoxication.
Improved Baculovirus Vectors for Transduction and Gene Expression in Human Pancreatic Islet Cells
Authors: Graves Leo P. , Aksular Mine , Alakeely Riyadh A. , Ruiz Buck Daniel , Chambers Adam C. , Murguia-Meca Fernanda , Plata-Muñoz Juan-Jose , Hughes Stephen , Johnson Paul R. V. , Possee Robert D. , King Linda A.
Published: October 2018

Pancreatic islet transplantation is a promising treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus offering improved glycaemic control by restoring insulin production. Improved human pancreatic islet isolation has led to higher islet transplantation success. However, as many as 50% of islets are lost after transplantation due to immune responses and cellular injury, gene therapy presents a novel strategy to protect pancreatic islets for improved survival post-transplantation. To date, most of the vectors used in clinical trials and gene therapy studies have been derived from mammalian viruses such as adeno-associated or retrovirus. However, baculovirus BacMam vectors provide an attractive and safe alternative. Here, a novel BacMam was constructed containing a frameshift mutation within fp25, which results in virus stocks with higher infectious titres. This improved in vitro transduction when compared to control BacMams. Additionally, incorporating a truncated vesicular stomatitis virus G protein increased transduction efficacy and production of EGFP and BCL2 in human kidney (HK-2) and pancreatic islet β cells (EndoC βH3). Lastly, we have shown that our optimized BacMam vector can deliver and express egfp in intact pancreatic islet cells from human cadaveric donors. These results confirm that BacMam vectors are a viable choice for providing delivery of transgenes to pancreatic islet cells.
Gene Gangs of the Chloroviruses: Conserved Clusters of Collinear Monocistronic Genes
Authors: Seitzer Phillip , Jeanniard Adrien , Ma Fangrui , Van Etten James , Facciotti Marc , Dunigan David
Published: October 2018

Chloroviruses (family Phycodnaviridae) are dsDNA viruses found throughout the world’s inland waters. The open reading frames in the genomes of 41 sequenced chloroviruses (330 ± 40 kbp each) representing three virus types were analyzed for evidence of evolutionarily conserved local genomic “contexts”, the organization of biological information into units of a scale larger than a gene. Despite a general loss of synteny between virus types, we informatically detected a highly conserved genomic context defined by groups of three or more genes that we have termed “gene gangs”. Unlike previously described local genomic contexts, the definition of gene gangs requires only that member genes be consistently co-localized and are not constrained by strand, regulatory sites, or intervening sequences (and therefore represent a new type of conserved structural genomic element). An analysis of functional annotations and transcriptomic data suggests that some of the gene gangs may organize genes involved in specific biochemical processes, but that this organization does not involve their coordinated expression.
Monthly Streamflow Forecasting Using EEMD-Lasso-DBN Method Based on Multi-Scale Predictors Selection
Authors: Chu Haibo , Wei Jiahua , Qiu Jun
Published: October 2018

For the inherent characteristics of a raw streamflow times series and the complicated relationship between multi-scale predictors and streamflow, monthly streamflow forecasting is very difficult. In this paper, an method was proposed integrating the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) with deep belief networks (DBN) for forecasting monthly streamflow time series, which is EEMD-Lasso-DBN (ELD) method. To develop the ELD model, the raw streamflow time series was resolved into different elements, including intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) and residue series, using the EEMD technique. The predictors of each IMF element and residue were screened using the Lasso technique from a large number of candidate predictors, respectively. Then, the DBN models were built to simulate the complex relationship between the resolved elements and the selected predictors, respectively. The predicted results of the IMFs and residual series were assembled as an ensemble forecast for the raw streamflow time series and were compared with the other models. The monthly streamflow series from Tennessee, in the USA, were investigated using the ELD method. It was found that each IMF has different characteristics and physical meaning, corresponding to different predictors. The proposed ELD model can significantly improve the accuracy of monthly streamflow forecasting.
A Multi-Criteria Assessment of Water Supply in Ugandan Refugee Settlements
Authors: Andreasi Bassi Susanna , Tange Iskandar , Holm Benjamin , Boldrin Alessio , Rygaard Martin
Published: October 2018

Water supply challenges in emergency situations have increased in recent years and there is a need for analyses targeting economic and environmental sustainability. Our study investigated the end-user water demand, the capital and operational costs, the carbon footprint, the freshwater availability and the risks surrounding water quality for several groundwater supply alternatives in Ugandan refugee settlements. We compared hand pumps, motorised pumps (solar, diesel and hybrid) and water trucking. The end-users’ survey highlighted the significant variability of water access. The economic evaluation showed that the breakeven year for solar and diesel pumps was greatly affected by the length of the water distribution systems (e.g., pipes, storage tanks), the chosen timeframe and the daily working hours of the diesel engine. When excluding capital investment, most alternatives were economically viable at the existing water fee (0.8 USD/m3), and solar driven pumps were down to 0.09 USD/m3. Finally, the combustion of diesel caused the highest CO2-eq emissions per m3. Water trucking is the worst option in both the economic and environmental analysis at 7–8 USD/m3 and >1 kg CO2-eq/m3. The methodology and the results of this paper will support decision-makers to build and finance sustainable water provision solutions in refugee settlements.
A Wide and Deep Exploration of Radio Galaxies with Subaru HSC (WERGS). I. The Optical Counterparts of FIRST Radio Sources
Authors: Yamashita Takuji , Nagao Tohru , Akiyama Masayuki , He Wanqiu , Ikeda Hiroyuki , Tanaka Masayuki , Niida Mana , Kajisawa Masaru , Matsuoka Yoshiki , Nobuhara Kodai , Lee Chien-Hsiu , Morokuma Tomoki , Toba Yoshiki , Kawaguchi Toshihiro , Noboriguchi Akatoki
Published: October 2018

We report the result of optical identifications of FIRST radio sources with the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program survey (HSC-SSP). The positional cross-match within 1″ between the FIRST and HSC-SSP catalogs (i ≲ 26) produced more than 3600 optical counterparts in the 156 deg2 of the HSC-SSP field. The matched counterparts account for more than 50% of the FIRST sources in the search field, which substantially exceed previously reported fractions of SDSS counterparts (i ≲ 22) of ∼30%. Among the matched sample, 9% are optically unresolved sources such as radio-loud quasars. The optically faint (i > 21) radio galaxies (RGs) show that the fitting linear function of the 1.4 GHz source counts has a slope that is flatter than that of the bright RGs, while optically faint radio quasars show a slope steeper than that of bright radio quasars. The optically faint RGs show a flat slope in the i-band number counts down to 24 mag, implying either less massive or distant radio-active galactic nuclei (AGNs) beyond 24 mag. The photometric redshift and the comparison of colors with the galaxy models show that most of the matched RGs are distributed at redshifts from 0 to 1.5. The optically faint sample includes the high radio-loudness sources that are not seen in the optically bright sample. Such sources are located at redshift z > 1. This study gives ∼1500 radio AGNs lying at the optically faint end and high-redshift regime not probed by previous searches.
JINAbase—A Database for Chemical Abundances of Metal-poor Stars
Authors: Abohalima Abdu , Frebel Anna
Published: October 2018

Reconstructing the chemical evolution of the Milky Way is crucial for understanding the formation of stars, planets, and galaxies throughout cosmic time. Different studies associated with element production in the early universe and how elements are incorporated into gas and stars are necessary to piece together how the elements evolved. These include establishing chemical abundance trends, as set by metal-poor stars, comparing nucleosynthesis yield predictions with stellar abundance data, and theoretical modeling of chemical evolution. To aid these studies, we have collected chemical abundance measurements and other information, such as stellar parameters, coordinates, magnitudes, and radial velocities, for extremely metal-poor stars from the literature. The database, JINAbase, contains 1659 unique stars, 60% of which have [Fe/H] ≤ −2.5. This information is stored in an SQL database, together with a user-friendly queryable web application (http://jinabase.pythonanywhere.com). Objects with unique chemical element signatures (e.g., r-process stars, s-process and CEMP stars) are labeled or can be classified as such. We find that the various neutron-capture element signatures occur in up to 19% of metal-poor stars with [Fe/H] ≤ −2.0, and 32% when also considering carbon enhancement. The web application enables fast selection of customized comparison samples from the literature for the aforementioned studies and many more. Using multiple entries for three of the most well-studied metal-poor stars, we evaluate systematic uncertainties of chemical abundance measurements between the different studies. We provide a brief guide to the selection of chemical elements for model comparisons for non-spectroscopists who wish to learn about metal-poor stars and the details of chemical abundance measurements.
Possible use of remote sensing for reforestation processes in Arctic zone of European Russia
Authors: Demina NA , Karpov AA , Voronin VV , Lopatin EV , Bognanov AP
Published: October 2018

This article considers the possibility of using remote sensing to monitor reforestation as exemplified in the Severodvinsk and Onezhsk forestry districts of the Arkhangelsk region of Russia’s Arctic zone. Remote sensing makes use of medium spatial resolution satellite images and high resolution unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images. In the course of work on the project, a preliminary method was developed for reforesting land previously subjected to cutting, fire, or windfall. Steps include detecting a reduction in forest cover and collecting field data through the use of UAVs to create a training set, which is used to classify satellite images according to the two classes of ‘restored’ or ‘not restored’. Various data processing tools are used to perform these steps. The Tasseled Cap multi-channel satellite image transformation method is employed as a tool for detecting a reduction in forest cover and analysing reforestation. The k-nearest neighbour algorithm is employed to classify satellite images. This article provides a step-by-step algorithm for monitoring and an assessment is provided of the situation in relation to forest regeneration in the Severodvinsk and Onezhsk forestry districts. The work carried out has shown that it is possible to use UAV images to monitor forest recovery, which is of significant importance for the conditions of the Arctic zone of European Russia.
New oversize troglobitic species of Campodeidae in Japan (Diplura)
Authors: Sendra Alberto , Yoshizawa Kazunori , Lopes Ferreira Rodrigo
Published: October 2018

Two new oversize troglobitic species of diplurans campodeids, Pacificampadaidarabotchi Sendra, sp. n. and Pacificampanipponica Sendra, sp. n., found in three caves in two southern Japanese islands are described. It is the first record of cave-dwelling Diplurans from Japan and more specifically these are two Campodeinae of Pacificampa Chevrizov, 1978 formally known in continental Asia with three cave-dwelling species described in Russia and China near the north of the Korean peninsula. In P.daidarabotchisp. n., in addition to its oversized body, the longest ever known in campodeids family, it shows as its main differential taxonomical feature the absence of lp metanotal macrosetae. P.nipponicasp. n. is much closer to continental Pacificampa species but it shows differences in the urotergal macrosetae formula. Both Japanese species have clear troglomorphic features related with their elongated body and appendages and an increase in number and complexity of the sensorial antennal equipment with unique olfactory chemoreceptors. Two biogeographical remarks are inferred: P.nipponicasp. n., has been found in two islands that were connected during the glacial age and P.daidarabotchisp. n. lives in a single cave near another where P.nipponicasp. n. dwells which allowing to suggest a sympatric distribution; Pacificampa seems to be related with Eumesocampa, a genus from North-America, as a consequence of the Holarctic connection between Asia and America. The interests of P.daidarabotchisp. n. and P.nipponicasp. n. as endemic species in addition to their biogeographical importance should be taken into consideration to ensure better management of the three touristic caves where they dwell and especially the protection of Mejido-do cave, the only location of the large P.daidarabotchisp. n. near to an active quarry.
Description of a new species of Mediotipula from Albania, with consideration of the eastern Mediterranean as a diversity hotspot (Diptera, Tipulidae)
Authors: Keresztes Lujza , Martínez Menéndez Jesús , Martin Luis , Török Edina , Kolcsár Levente-Péter
Published: October 2018

A new species of the TipulasubgenusMediotipula is described from the south-eastern part of Albania, south-eastern Europe. Morphologically, the new species is most similar to T. (M.) stigmatella Schummel, 1833, but differs mainly with respect to males, having a distinctly shaped posterior margin of tergite 9–10, a widened outer gonostylus and a series of details of the inner gonostylus (anterior end of the anterior arm, shape of the posterior arm), as well as having more bulbous and rounded hypogynal valves in the females. Further morphological differences of the male terminalia between allopatric populations of T. (M.) stigmatella in the Carpathians and Balkans, south-eastern Europe, are discussed.
Un champ littéraire transnational
Authors: Leperlier Tristan
Published: October 2018

Cet article explore systématiquement un aspect peu étudié de la théorie du champ : il vise à montrer, à travers le cas des écrivains algériens, la validité de la notion de champ transnational (et multilingue). Le critère principal retenu est celui de la croyance, nationale et internationale, dans l’existence de la « littérature algérienne » : les citations spontanées des écrivains en entretien permettent de dessiner les contours d’un champ littéraire national, hiérarchisé et segmenté, mais fonctionnant tout de même par-delà les frontières territoriales et linguistiques. Une Analyse des correspondances multiples permet de le confirmer, en distinguant deux capitaux littéraires, national et international (cet aspect recouvrant partiellement l’opposition entre sous-champ de langue française et sous-champ de langue arabe). L’article discute ensuite le modèle proposé par Pascale Casanova, liant pôle international et autonomie d’une part, pôle national et hétéronomie d’autre part. En se centrant sur la période de création des littératures nationales, elle néglige la période postcoloniale où se constituent bon an mal an des espaces d’autonomie au niveau national. La période de la guerre civile des années 1990 est une période de forte régression de l’autonomie du champ, et ce même au niveau international, qui est comme « nationalisé » : non seulement les enjeux politiques nationaux y sont transférés, mais encore, deuxième aspect négligé par Casanova, la littérature y est soumise à une hétéronomie économique croissante. Pour autant cet espace transnational est resté relativement autonome, un champ transnational, dans la mesure où c’est toujours en fonction de cette caractéristique que la guerre civile a été réfractée.
Les intellectuels néo-confucéens et le débat sur les droits humains, années 1990
Authors: Brisson Thomas
Published: October 2018

L’article s’intéresse aux circulations et aux débats transnationaux des intellectuels néo-confucéens. À partir des années 1980, ces femmes et ces hommes, nés en Asie mais travaillant dans les universités d’Amérique du Nord, ont cherché à revivifier l’ancienne tradition confucéenne, afin de la constituer en philosophie pleinement en phase avec la modernité intellectuelle et politique. Pour cela, ils se rapprochèrent de régimes et d’universités asiatiques, désireux de bénéficier de leur expertise sur la question et de promouvoir une version endogène de leur propre modernité, alors que plusieurs sociétés et économies de la région s’alignaient sur l’Occident. À partir de l’analyse d’un débat ayant porté sur la relation entre droits humains et confucianisme, l’article cherche ainsi à comprendre comment ces échanges pendulaires entre Asie et Occident structurèrent les prises de position des intellectuels néo-confucéens. Il montre en particulier comment diverses contraintes académiques et politiques structurèrent l’espace transnational du débat, mais aussi comment elles offrirent une forme d’autonomie aux intellectuels pour aborder une question aux implications politiques sensibles.
Les experts au concile Vatican II, 1962-1965
Authors: Weiser François
Published: October 2018

Si l’Église constitue un corps, avec ses rituels d’appartenance, elle peut aussi apparaître comme un champ. À l’intérieur de ce champ l’espace des pouvoirs se structure selon des formes et des capitaux distribués inégalement. Dans le pôle dominant du catholicisme émerge bien sûr le pouvoir de la papauté, et, de façon croissante à l’époque contemporaine, celui de la curie, pourtant simple administration au service du pape. L’événement que constitue un concile, rassemblement des évêques de toute la catholicité, perturbe cette distribution, et pour deux raisons au moins. Tout d’abord, les évêques réunis en collège réalisent leur préséance sur la curie, et prennent en charge leur magistère d’une manière toujours singulière. Ensuite, parce que ces évêques interviennent aidés de leurs experts, ils mettent en œuvre, le temps de leur réunion, de nouveaux processus de légitimation de la vérité. Ainsi l’analyse du concile Vatican II (1962-1965) permet-elle de souligner le rôle structurant des effets de champ générés par les clercs intellectuels dans le cadre transnational qu’il représente. Enfin, la note pose la question de l’articulation corps et champ à frais nouveaux : dans le cas étudié, un effet de corps international semble être la condition d’apparition d’un champ transnational.
Exploration des antécédents de la mobilisation collective des ressources humaines dans les organisations festivalières. Le cas des agents territoriaux d’un festival public
Authors: Arezki Djelloul , Keramidas Olivier , Soldo Edina
Published: October 2018

Cet article étudie les antécédents de la mobilisation collective des agents d’un festival public. Cette organisation est confrontée à des paradoxes et des spécificités freinant l’action collective. Cette étude de cas propose des nouveaux antécédents et variables de soutien de la mobilisation collective, une requalification des logiques festivalières dépassant la dichotomie art versus management et ouvre à différentes perspectives de recherche.
Performance touristique et gestion du territoire français : l’impact de la réforme NOTRe
Authors: Corne Aurélie
Published: October 2018

Le but de cet article est d’analyser la performance du secteur touristique et hôtelier français à travers une approche régionale et de s’interroger sur l’impact de la réforme territoriale NOTRe. En effet, une bonne gestion des ressources est nécessaire afin que la France renforce sa position de première destination mondiale et améliore sa compétitivité. Pour ce faire, une approche non-paramétrique basée sur la méthode DEA est adoptée. Plus précisément, cet article propose une étude des gains de performance touristique potentiels dans le cadre des fusions des régions françaises. Les résultats soulignent des gains potentiels de performance notamment à travers l’effet d’apprentissage.
Le Time Driven Activity Based Costing (TDABC), modèle de calcul de coût adapté au parcours de soins des maladies chroniques ?
Authors: Domingo Hugues , Eggrickx Ariel , Naro Gérald , Bourret Rodolphe
Published: October 2018

Premier poste des dépenses de santé, les maladies chroniques nécessitent une prise en charge globale et transversale du patient via le parcours de soins, alors que la tarification à l’activité contribue à renforcer les cloisonnements. Une recherche intervention sur le parcours d’une maladie chronique, l’Accident Vasculaire Cérébral (AVC), 3 e cause de décès en France, a pour objectif de vérifier l’applicabilité d’un calcul de coût par activité comme le Time Driven Activity Based Costing (TDABC). Selon les critères de simplicité et précision des méthodes d’évaluation de coûts, la littérature suggère que le TDABC est adapté aux approches transversales et au secteur de la santé. Les résultats de la recherche restreinte à une partie du parcours, montrent l’applicabilité du TDABC et la prise en compte dans les équations de temps des variations de coûts liées à la diversité des parcours et aux évolutions des traitements. Malgré les limites de la méthode pour l’estimation du temps et du non chiffrable comme la valeur des soins, le TDABC présente plusieurs apports : simplification possible par la loi de Pareto, outil compréhensible par les professionnels de santé et suscitant le dialogue, simulation des « coûts cachés » de l’indisponibilité des ressources et des goulots d’étranglement.
Des catholiques en Tunisie
Authors: Soumille Pierre
Published: October 2018

L’histoire du catholicisme en Tunisie, comme pour tout le Maghreb, s’inscrit dans une longue durée dont l’article rappelle les principales phases depuis le début du xiii e s. jusqu’aux lendemains de l’indépendance. Elle s’inscrit à la fois dans le cadre méditerranéen et les relations bilatérales avec la France. Elle reste marquée par la colonisation, sous forme de protectorat, qui liait étroitement la nouvelle Eglise au monde colonial à côté d’une société massivement musulmane.
L’Église catholique au Maroc sous le protectorat français
Authors: Marguich Moussa
Published: October 2018

L’imposition du protectorat français au Maroc en 1912 entraîne une complète réorganisation de l’Eglise catholique dont la petite communauté d’origine étrangère était administrée par les franciscains espagnols. Désormais deux vicariats apostoliques se partagent les catholiques (vicariat de Tanger et de Rabat). Dans ce dernier, en charge du protectorat, des rapports triangulaires s’instaurent entre Paris, Rome et les franciscains français. Chaque acteur s’efforce de défendre ses objectifs propres, souvent inconciliables.
Catholiques et musulmans au sud de la Méditerranée
Authors: Saaïdia Oissila
Published: October 2018

Oissila Saaidia, auteure d’une thèse consacrée aux catholiques et aux musulmans dans l’Algérie coloniale, récemment publiée par le Cnrs, fait le point des travaux récents consacrés au catholicisme dans l’Algérie coloniale. Elle replace ces acquis dans l’histoire des relations entre catholiques et musulmans et souligne le rôle décisif joué par l’État colonial français dans la définition des deux religions comme des « cultes », gérés selon les catégories juridiques et les modes d’administration français.
Charles de Foucauld devant l’évangélisation
Authors: Sourisseau Pierre
Published: October 2018

Historien en charge du dossier constitué pour la demande de canonisation de Charles de Foucauld, l’auteur synthétise, à partir d’une collecte de sources exhaustive, la manière dont l’expérience du père dessine les contours d’une nouvelle approche de la question de l’évangélisation en milieu musulman. Il met en évidence l’originalité de la démarche ; il n’en occulte pas pour autant les ambiguïtés dans un contexte de colonisation, puis de patriotisme exacerbé par la Première Guerre mondiale.
Rôle des structures d’accompagnement dans la création des entreprises innovantes en Tunisie. Cas des pépinières de la région du Sahel Tunisien
Authors: Haddad Samia , Melliti Najeh
Published: October 2018

Les structures d’accompagnement jouent un rôle important dans la survie des entreprises innovantes lors des premiers stades de leur développement. De ce fait, l’État tunisien s’est lancé, depuis les deux dernières décennies, dans un programme national d’implantation de pépinières d’entreprises afin de soutenir la création d’entreprises innovantes. Dans ce cadre, on s’interroge sur le rôle des pépinières du Sahel Tunisien dans l’accompagnement des entrepreneurs innovateurs hébergés. Une étude qualitative exploratoire a été menée auprès d’un échantillon de quatorze entreprises, incubées dans les quatre pépinières du Sahel à savoir : Mahdia Entreprendre, Initiatives Innovantes « Ksar Hellal » à Monastir, Sousse Tech hébergée à l’ISET Sousse et Soft-Tech hébergée à la Technopôle Sousse. Les résultats révèlent que les principaux freins liés à leur processus de création sont d’ordres institutionnels et financiers. Afin d’améliorer l’accompagnement des entrepreneurs innovateurs en phase amont de création de leurs entreprises, des recommandations concrètes ont été formulées. Classification JEL : L26, O32, O38.
Les facteurs de l’échec entrepreneurial des PME marocaines : une étude exploratoire
Authors: El Manzani Noureddine , Asli Amina , El Manzani Younès
Published: October 2018

L’échec entrepreneurial des PME implique des conséquences socioéconomiques considérables. Pourtant, la recherche en entrepreneuriat s’est particulièrement concentrée sur les facteurs de succès des PME sans mettre davantage le point sur les multiples facteurs de leur échec. En adoptant une perspective multidimensionnelle de l’échec entrepreneurial, l’objectif de cet article est de contribuer à l’étude de ce phénomène dans le contexte marocain. Nous avons mené une analyse qualitative des recherches académiques et des enquêtes publiques et privées, afin d’explorer et de contextualiser les facteurs de l’échec entrepreneurial des PME marocaines. Les résultats obtenus révèlent que les déterminants essentiels de l’échec entrepreneurial de la PME marocaine sont sa spécificité organisationnelle et managériale, le profil de l’entrepreneur marocain et les contraintes imposées par l’environnement macro-économique reflété par la situation économique globale, les conditions de l’industrie, le cadre institutionnel, et l’accès aux ressources financières externes. Classification JEL : L25, L26, G33, O55.
De la pertinence de l’éthique professionnelle dans la régulation de l’accompagnement entrepreneurial. Une étude exploratoire en Tunisie
Authors: Taktak-Kallel Ilia
Published: October 2018

L’objet de cet article est d’interroger le rôle que pourrait jouer l’éthique professionnelle dans la professionnalisation de l’accompagnement entrepreneurial et sa régulation, et de proposer des repères pour une délibération éthique en situation(s) d’accompagnement entrepreneurial. Une étude qualitative exploratoire menée en Tunisie auprès de onze accompagnateurs montre des schémas de réflexivité éthique différenciés (public/ privé) en termes de teneurs, profondeur et registres. Il semble, en l’occurrence, que les accompagnateurs privés soient plus soucieux de la relation et de la satisfaction client et plus enclins à une réflexivité éthique plus poussée et élargie, sans que les réponses et pistes d’action envisagées ne se situent dans le registre de l’éthique professionnelle. Ces résultats révèlent l’importance que joue l’orientation client dans la professionnalisation de l’accompagnement et suggèrent que le registre de l’éthique entrepreneuriale ou organisationnelle est plus pertinent que celui de l’éthique professionnelle dans la stimulation de cette professionnalisation, même si les principes délibératifs et les pistes de solutionnement éthique restent globalement les mêmes. Classification JEL : A13, D21, D22, D73, D79, D81, L20, L26, L33.
L’estimation des risques chez les usagers de drogues injectables au Togo
Authors: Kpelly Dzodzo Eli Ekploam , Masson Joanic , Schauder Silke , Kokou-Kpolou Kossigan , Bernoussi Amal
Published: October 2018

Malgré le manque de données actualisées au Togo, l’usage de drogues injectables présente des risques considérables. L’objectif de ce travail est d’estimer les risques encourus par les usagers de drogues injectables (UDI) au Togo à partir du profil, des consommations et des pratiques adoptées par ces derniers. L’étude porte sur 164 UDI au Togo (89,63 % d’hommes et 10,37 % de femmes) d’âge moyen de 36,29 ans. Les résultats indiquent que dans 30 % des cas, les UDI partagent leur matériel d’injection entre les pairs et 53,66 % réutilisent ce matériel pour de nouvelles injections. La prévalence aux Infections Sexuellement Transmissibles (IST) est estimée à 29,26 % et seulement 26,83 % ont fait le test de dépistage du Virus Immuno-déficience Humaine (VIH) et connaissent leur statut sérologique. Par ailleurs, nous observons un lien entre les risques sanitaires liés à la réutilisation du matériel d’injection et le profil des UDI. Il en est de même pour le lien significatif noté entre le partage de matériels d’injection, la fréquence et l’habitude d’injection. Enfin, les UDI qui ont débuté leur consommation de drogues assez tôt sont plus enclins à partager et à réutiliser le matériel pour de nouvelles injections. Ainsi, il convient de mener une lutte efficace de réduction de risques d’une part, par l’évaluation et l’actualisation des politiques de réduction de risques mises en œuvre au Togo et d’autre part, par l’adoption du projet ERLI (Éducation aux risques liés à l’injection).
Angoisse chez l’enfant au temps de la génétique
Authors: Salecl Renata , Balbure Brigitte
Published: October 2018

Comment traiter de la question de l’être à l’ère de la génétique ? Comment les enfants et les parents réagissent-ils aux connaissances sur les gènes et comment les possibilités d’amender les gènes avant la naissance d’un enfant affecteront-elles à l’avenir les perceptions de soi et les relations ? Le texte s’interroge sur l’ambition de l’enfant à l’époque du « réel neuro-génétique » et des angoisses qui y sont liées. Il analyse également un certain nombre de cas juridiques où les parents allèguent que leur enfant a été créé à la suite d’une « naissance injustifiée ».
La passion chirurgicale de Marie Bonaparte. Deux histoires de l’œil
Authors: Fukuda Daisuke
Published: October 2018

Marie Bonaparte (1882-1962) est un des premiers psychanalystes français qui introduit la doctrine freudienne en France. Ses ouvrages, aujourd’hui oubliés par la plupart des lecteurs de la littérature psychanalytique, gardent quelque chose de réel et de subversif. Notamment, Les Cinq Cahiers , composés d’un carnet qu’elle avait tenu pendant son enfance et de quatre livres où Marie, devenue analyste, décortique les phrases et les images dudit carnet. La lecture de ce document nous permet de déceler la passion pour le nom, l’argent et l’Histoire transmise d’une génération à l’autre chez les Bonaparte. Cette passion n’est pas étrangère à la transmission du réel d’un psychanalyste à l’autre et ce non seulement de Sigmund Freud à Marie Bonaparte mais aussi de Marie Bonaparte à Jacques Lacan qui prônait le retour à Freud.