bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Review for Lithium: Pharmacokinetics, Drug Design, and Toxicity
Authors: Wen Jinhua , Sawmiller Darrell , Wheeldon Brendan , Tan Jun
Published: November 2019

:

Lithium as a mood stabilizer has been used as the standard pharmacological treatment for
Bipolar Disorder (BD) for more than 60 years. Recent studies have also shown that it has the potential
for the treatment of many other neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and
Huntington’s disease, through its neurotrophic, neuroprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions.
Therefore, exploring its pharmacokinetic features and designing better lithium preparations are
becoming important research topics. We reviewed many studies on the pharmacokinetics, drug design
and toxicity of lithium based on recent relevant research from PubMed, Web of Science, Elsevier and
Springer databases. Keywords used for searching references were lithium, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics,
drug design and toxicity. Lithium is rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal
tract after oral administration. Its level is initially highest in serum and then is evidently redistributed
to various tissue compartments. It is not metabolized and over 95% of lithium is excreted unchanged
through the kidney, but different lithium preparations may have different pharmacokinetic
features. Lithium has a narrow therapeutic window limited by various adverse effects, but some novel
drugs of lithium may overcome these problems. Various formulations of lithium have the potential for
treating neurodegenerative brain diseases but further study on their pharmacokinetics will be required
in order to determine the optimal formulation, dosage and route of administration.
Performance of High Molecular Weight Osmotic Solution for Opuntia Betacyanin Concentration by Forward Osmosis
Authors: Rathna Ravichandran , Nakkeeran Ekambaram
Published: November 2019

Background:

Forward osmosis is a sustainable membrane process employed for concentrating
thermo-sensitive compounds to minimize storage and transportation costs with improved shelf life.

Objective:

In this study, the intervention of high molecular weight osmotic agents in the concentration
of Opuntia betacyanin using forward osmosis was studied. Furthermore, the statistical model was used
to estimate the probabilistic behavior of the forward osmosis process during concentration.

Method:

By using 2k-full factor analysis, the hydrodynamic variables, such as flow rate (50 and 150
mL/min) and temperature (20 and 50ºC) of the feed solution and osmotic agent solution (OAS) were selected.
The study focused on inquiring and developing a statistically significant mathematical model using
four independent variables on transmembrane flux, concentration factor and concentrate recovery.

Results:

Betacyanin feed flow rate of 50 mL/min at 28ºC, and OAS flow rate of 150 mL/min at 50ºC
were determined as optimal conditions with a 2.5-fold increase in total soluble solids for a processing
time of 4 h. Furthermore, forward osmosis enhanced the betacyanin concentration from 898 to 1004
mg/L and 98.7% recovery with 0.40 L/m2h transmembrane flux with comparable improvement in its
physicochemical characteristics. The lower p-value of the main effects on the responses validated the
significance of the process parameters on betacyanin concentration.

Conclusion:

The study suggested that a high molecular weight sucrose could be used as an osmotic
agent for the concentration of Opuntia betacyanin during forward osmosis.
IMPROVING GROSS MOTOR SKILLS BY GROSS KINESTHETIC-AND CONTEMPORARY-BASED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN EARLY CHILDHOOD
Authors: Sutapa Panggung , Suharjana Suharjana
Published: November 2019

It is often heard the differences in opinion that with a lot of physical activity will make a child stupid. This experimental study aimed to determine the effect of kinesthetic-based and contemporary physical activity on early childhood on increasing gross motor skills. Research subjects were 68 children aged 5-6 years, 28 girls and 40 boys, divided into two groups, group A was treated with kinesthetic-based physical activity and group B received contemporary treatment. The instruments used to collect data on gross motor abilities consisted of five types, namely 20 meter sprinting, arm power by throwing a tennis ball, power legs with long jump without the start, balance by walking on a long beam 4 meters, and agility with Illinois tests. The results show that kinesthetic-based physical activity and contemporary-based activities can significantly increase gross motor skills in young children and seen from the difference in the mean effectiveness of kinesthetic-based physical activities is better for improving running ability, agility and balance, while the ability to throw a ball and the ability to jump better physical activity based on contemporary.
HOW PRIOR KNOWLEDGE, PROSPECT, AND LEARNING BEHAVIOUR DETERMINE LEARNING OUTCOMES OF BIPA STUDENTS?
Authors: Suyitno Imam , Pratiwi Yuni , Roekhan Roekhan , Martutik Martutik
Published: November 2019

Many learning theories explain that prior knowledge, prospects, and learning behavior affect student learning outcomes. Related with these theories, this study aimed to describe these three variables for graduate students and their correlation in learning in the BIPA elective program (Bahasa Indonesia untuk Penutur Asing/Indonesian Language for Native Speakers). In addition, this study also described the implications of these three variables on student learning outcomes. Therefore, this study used a quantitative approach involving 17 graduate students who choose BIPA specialization programs. Data about the prospects and learning behavior were collected using a questionnaire, while the student's prior knowledge data was collected using a test instrument that contained general knowledge about BIPA. Meanwhile, student learning outcomes were obtained from student achievement index modified to a standard score. Data analysis used multiple correlation techniques. The findings of the study indicate that the prior knowledge of students about BIPA is in a low category, their prospects and learning behavior are in the high category, and the achievement index shows that their learning outcomes are in the very high category. Student prior knowledge does not correlate with prospects and learning behavior, whereas student learning behavior correlates with their prospects. Simultaneously, the three variables do not correlate with their learning outcomes.
Effect of an mHealth Intervention Using a Pedometer App With Full In-Person Counseling on Body Composition of Overweight Adults: Randomized Controlled Weight Loss Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Hernández-Reyes Alberto , Cámara-Martos Fernando , Molina-Luque Rafael , Moreno-Rojas Rafael
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

In clinical practice, it is difficult to convey the benefits of sustained physical activity to adult patients with excess weight or obesity. For this purpose, a goal-setting walking prescription may be an effective strategy.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to determine the efficacy of the intervention of a pedometer app in setting a goal to reach 10,000 steps per day in adults.

METHODS

Overweight adults (n=98; mean body mass index 32.53 [SD 4.92] kg/m2) were randomized to one of two conditions (control or intervention). Both groups downloaded a pedometer app that recorded their daily step counts and were given a daily walking goal of 10,000 steps. Subjects participated in a 24-week in-person behavioral weight control program and were asked to monitor their daily levels using the pedometer app. Baseline data were recorded and followed up weekly. Only the intervention group had structured information delivery, a personalized physical activity prescription, and follow-up on number of steps per day.

RESULTS

The results show that regardless of sex or age, prescribing walking increased the number of steps per day by 4806 step on average (standardized β coefficient=–0.813, SE=427.586, t=–11.242, P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

These results could have implications for improving self-monitoring in overweight adults during periods of weight loss. Health professionals should analyze the implementation of tools that permit them to prescribe, follow up, and encourage the achievement of a goal of physical activity in overweight or obese patients.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03845478; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03845478
Hackathons as Stepping Stones in Health Care Innovation: Case Study With Systematic Recommendations (Preprint)
Authors: Poncette Akira-Sebastian , Rojas Pablo-David , Hofferbert Joscha , Valera Sosa Alvaro , Balzer Felix , Braune Katarina
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

Until recently, developing health technologies was time-consuming and expensive, and often involved patients, doctors, and other health care professionals only as passive recipients of the end product. So far, users have been minimally involved in the ideation and creation stages of digital health technologies. In order to best address users’ unmet needs, a transdisciplinary and user-led approach, involving cocreation and direct user feedback, is required. In this context, hackathon events have become increasingly popular in generating enthusiasm for user-centered innovation.

OBJECTIVE

This case study describes preparatory steps and the performance of a health hackathon directly involving patients and health care professionals at all stages. Feasibility and outcomes were assessed, leading to the development of systematic recommendations for future hackathons as a vehicle for bottom-up innovation in health care.

METHODS

A 2-day hackathon was conducted in February 2017 in Berlin, Germany. Data were collected through a field study. Collected field notes were subsequently discussed in 15 informal meetings among the research team. Experiences of conducting two further hackathons in December 2017 and November 2018 were included.

RESULTS

In total, 30 participants took part, with 63% (19/30) of participants between 25 and 34 years of age, 30% (9/30) between 35 and 44 years of age, and 7% (2/30) younger than 25 years of age. A total of 43% (13/30) of the participants were female. The participation rate of medical experts, including patients and health care professionals, was 30% (9/30). Five multidisciplinary teams were formed and each tackled a specific health care problem. All presented projects were apps: a chatbot for skin cancer recognition, an augmented reality exposure-based therapy (eg, for arachnophobia), an app for medical neighborhood connectivity, a doctor appointment platform, and a self-care app for people suffering from depression. Patients and health care professionals initiated all of the projects. Conducting the hackathon resulted in significant growth of the digital health community of Berlin and was followed up by larger hackathons. Systematic recommendations for conducting cost-efficient hackathons (n≤30) were developed, including aspects of community building, stakeholder engagement, mentoring, themes, announcements, follow-up, and timing for each step.

CONCLUSIONS

This study shows that hackathons are effective in bringing innovation to health care and are more cost- and time-efficient and potentially more sustainable than traditional medical device and digital product development. Our systematic recommendations can be useful to other individuals and organizations that want to establish user-led innovation in academic hospitals by conducting transdisciplinary hackathons.
Survival in the gap: experiences of health management among people at high risk of stroke in China: A qualitative study (Preprint)
Authors: Guo Lina , Wang Lin , Booth Jo , Liu Yanjin , Zhu Yiru , Wei Miao , Guo Yuanli , He Yu
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

Effective health management of people at high risk of stroke is challenging.

OBJECTIVE

To identify and explore the experiences of health management among people at high risk of stroke in order to inform ideas for health management service development for this population.

METHODS

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 31stroke people at high risk of stroke. The interviews were collated and analyzed using Colaizzi’s 7-step method.

RESULTS

The experiences of health management in people at high risk of stroke were described as ‘Survival in the gap’. Themes identified limited knowledge of health management, lack of confidence in health management and poor adherence with health management. The value of health management experience was highlighted and included: becoming active learners, promoting social interaction and enhancing self-health management. Health management was seen to be sensitive to multiple influencing factors including: The severity and complexity of diseases, family income and social support.

CONCLUSIONS

Health management of people at high risk of stroke is challenging and they ‘survive in the gap’. They learn to manage their ongoing health based mainly on their own experiences. Government and healthcare providers should pay attention to the situation for this special population and be devoted to health system reform, financial support and social support to manage the condition in the longer term.
Laicidad estatal y la garantía de la libertad religiosa
Authors: Ruocco Graciela
Published: November 2019

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la libertad religiosa como principio y como derecho humano fundamental, su alcance y límites, en el marco de las relaciones del Estado y las Iglesias y del concepto de laicidad, para finalmente calificar al Estado uruguayo según los parámetros considerados. En este sentido, se consideran los modelos de a) neutralidad del Estado, en el sentido de imparcialidad, b) el respeto a la autonomía interna de las confesiones religiosas; y c) la presencia de normas legales que establecen límites al ejercicio del derecho de libertad religiosa en sus manifestaciones colectivas. En síntesis, los poderes públicos son incompetentes para gestionar, valorar, decidir o inmiscuirse en nada que afecte a las religiones y a su natural desenvolvimiento en la esfera social.
Rosario Remigio Fiore Fortezza. Físico, matemático, Franciscano. Aproximación a su vida y a sus aportes
Authors: Portilla Luis Aphranio
Published: November 2019

En 1965, el ciudadano italiano, padre capuchino Remigio Rosario Fiore Fortezza, es invitado como profesor de Física del Departamento de Ingeniería y Física, en la Universidad de Nariño, Pasto, Colombia. Durante dos décadas, realiza una notable labor académica. Para lograr su propósito pedagógico, elabora apuntes para clase (en mimeógrafo), material bibliográfico con carácter científico, con el cual pretende enseñar (y divulgar) en cada momento histórico, los avances científicos en los campos de la Física, la Matemática, la Astronomía y la Astrofísica. En el artículo, se pretende abordar aspectos humanos y de fe, del padre Fiore y hacer visible el impacto de su gestión profesoral en algunos de sus exalumnos, de diferentes generaciones de egresados de la Universidad de Nariño. Paralelamente, se efectúa una reseña histórica del estado de la región y de los avatares nacionales y mundiales, durante los años de su docencia y se describen varios antecedentes históricos de interés.
Mora Berbeo y la enseñanza mutua en la Gran Colombia
Authors: Granda Osvaldo
Published: November 2019

En este artículo, se precisa sobre el derrotero seguido en la introducción del método lancasteriano en el territorio de la Gran Colombia, realización que estuvo a cargo de Sebastián Mora Berbeo y de su acogida por parte del gobierno, que lo llevó a su aplicación generalizada en la enseñanza de primeras letras y Escuelas Normales a partir de 1820. Además, con el fin de establecer la corriente que siguió Mora Berbeo, se señalan aspectos históricos sobre los manuales de la época que influyeron en la práctica del método mencionado. Esto permite citar diferencias y apropiaciones en relación con la práctica lancasteriana gaditana en su ordenamiento general, con los manuales españoles y los que se producen en otras ciudades.
Anatomy, physiology, manipulation and veterinary applications of the reticular groove. Review
Authors: Martín-Alonso María-José , Cal-Pereyra Luis G. , Fernández-Caso Maximino , González-Montaña José-Ramiro
Published: November 2019

Reticular groove closure in ruminants is a primary mechanism, almost exclusive of lactating animals, which makes the passage of food from the orifice of cardia to the abomasum possible, thus avoiding unwanted fermentations in rumen and reticulum. In this review It is described some anatomical and physiological aspects of the reticular groove, given its embryonic and postnatal development, its topographic location, structure, innervation, blood circulation and histology. Also describing the techniques used to study its functioning, both direct and indirect methods. Finally there is a concentrate on handling techniques to manipulate closing reflex of reticular groove and its veterinary applications, in both the stimulation and inhibition, since the possibility to control this reflex is of great interest in the oral administration of various drugs, the treatment of certain diseases, as well as a better utilization of some types of food.
Survival of classic swine fever virus in hams made from the meat of pigs vaccinated with the PAV-250 strain and unvaccinated pigs
Authors: Amezcua Hempel Heidi , Rubio Lozano María Salud , Hernández Baumgarten Eliseo Manuel , Correa Girón † Pablo , Torres Ángeles Oscar , Coba Ayala María Antonia , Ciprián Carrasco Jose Abel , Mendoza Elvira Susana Elisa
Published: November 2019

The study was to determine the presence of Classical Swine Fever virus (CSFv), in the meat of vaccinated pigs with the PAV-250 strain and then challenged using the same strain. Five treatment groups were established (each with four pigs). Group A: Pigs thatwere fed with processed hams from negative animals; Group B: Pigs that were fed with processed hams from commercial pigs inoculated with the ALD (reference strain) (titre of 104.0/ml); Group C: Pigs fed with processed hams from pigs infected with the virulent ALD strain (titre of 102.5/ml); Group D: Pigs fed with processed hams from pigs vaccinated with the PAV-250 strain and challenged with the ALD strain (titre of 101.1/ml); and Group E: Pigs fed with processed hams from pigs vaccinated with two doses of the PAV-250 strain and challenged with the ALD strain (negative). Blood samples were taken at d 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 for biometric analysis. Groups B, C and D manifested clinical signs of CSFv: 40 °C temperature, anorexia, paralysis, vomiting, diarrhea, tremor, hirsute hair and cyanosis. Pigs were slaughtered and necropsies performed to identify lesions in tissues. Results of direct immunofluorescence testing of tissues were positive and the virus was recovered. Under these study conditions, it was found that CSFv resisted the cooking method at 68 °C for 40 min in hams from unvaccinated pigs, and that the virus was able to transmit the disease to healthy unvaccinated pigs, whereas the hams from the vaccinated animals did not transmit the virus.
Key factors influencing the sale of bulls in livestock auctions
Authors: Tagliari Evangelista Giovana , Ferreira Lopes Jusecléia , Bruno Fornar Giordano , Pedroso Oaigen Ricardo , Lopes Gonçalves Thaís , Esteves de Oliveira Tamara , Kluwe de Aguiar Luís , Jardim Barcellos Júlio Otávio
Published: November 2019

This research determines which factors most influence the purchase price of bulls in livestock auctions in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. Hence, 760 beef bulls sold in eleven different auctions between August and November 2013 were analysed. The data consists of: breed, muscularity (MUSC), frame (FRAME), body condition score (BCS), scrotal circumference (SC) and body weight (BW). Other data such as the animal entry order and the purchase price of the bulls was collected during the auction. A linear generalized model was used to evaluate the interaction of each variable with the purchase price of the bulls. An ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc was used to compare the differences between the categories that influenced the purchase price of bulls and were realized in the software SPSS 20.0. All breeds presented declining prices from the first to the second entry order and increasing purchase prices from the order third to forth. Bulls with large frame received higher purchase prices independent of the auction order, except for the second order of entry, in which medium and small animals were more valued. Angus bulls obtained the highest prices in relation to the breeds Brangus and Hereford. The frame and breed constituted the main phenotypic characteristics that influence in price. In addition, the order of entry of bulls in the ring influence the purchase price.
A Lei do Piso e a jornada: o trabalho docente nos estados
Authors: Jacomini Márcia Aparecida , Gil Juca , Castro Edimária Carvalho de
Published: November 2019

Com o objetivo de saber se a Lei 11.738/2008 (PSPN) estava sendo cumprida quanto à composição das jornadas de trabalho dos professores da educação básica pública das redes estaduais, analisamos sua duração e composição. Trata-se de pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, com base na legislação sobre planos de carreira vigentes em 2016 e na literatura acadêmica. Verificamos que havia grande diversidade na duração e composição das jornadas dos professores e que a maioria das redes estaduais não cumpria o PSPN na composição das jornadas previstas no plano de carreira.
Custo aluno-qualidade: resenha de uma trajetória
Authors: Farenzena Nalú
Published: November 2019

O objetivo do texto é reconstruir traços da trajetória de concepção do parâmetro de Custo Aluno-Qualidade (CAQ), no período dos anos 1980 à atualidade, principalmente por meio da análise de documentos normativos. A concepção de CAQ, em contraposição ao valor mínimo por aluno, foi afirmada como parâmetro para a política de financiamento da educação e envolve a identificação de condições de qualidade do ensino e o dimensionamento dos seus custos, para estimar os recursos financeiros. Sua regulamentação é objeto de acirradas disputas na agenda de políticas educacionais.
Pedagogia da práxis: pensar a educação com Adolfo Sáchez Vázquez
Authors: Lopes Luis Fernando
Published: November 2019

FERREIRA, Naura Syria Carapeto (Org.).Adolfo Sánchez Vázquez: para pensar a educação.Editora CRV: Curitiba, 2018.
Leitura, instrumento formativo: o relato de uma experiência
Authors: Thesing Mariana Luzia Corrêa
Published: November 2019

Este texto apresenta o relato e a análise da experiência docente realizada em um curso de formação de professores, nas disciplinas Didática da Linguagem I e Supervisão de Estágio. Como resultados, defende-se que é fundamental que, em cursos de formação de professores, sejam desenvolvidos estudos sobre a relação entre a teoria e a prática pedagógicas e que a atividade de leitura seja entendida como um instrumento formativo. Conclui-se que a indissociabilidade entre teoria e prática pedagógicas é uma exigência fundamental para a formação de professores, numa perspectiva omnilateral, comprometida com uma educação crítica e emancipatória.
A Avaliação da Educação Básica: do ranqueamento ao ensino e aprendizagem
Authors: Zwierewicz Marlene , Silva Ezequiel Theodoro da , Pegoraro Ludimar , Silva Vera Lúcia de Souza e
Published: November 2019

Partindo da constatação de que a avaliação externa em larga escala tem priorizado o ranqueamento das escolas, esta pesquisa analisa os resultados desse processo junto às redes de ensino da 10ª ADR de Caçador e, também, a percepção de docentes sobre os seus reais efeitos nos planejamentos. Utilizando pesquisas exploratória e documental e abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa, o estudo apontou que, apesar de os docentes conhecerem os resultados do ciclo avaliativo, a maioria desconhece os descritores e outras implicações subjacentes à avaliação em larga escala.
ANALYSIS OF APPLYING SONG MEDIA IN ENGLISH LEARNING OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL AT THIRD GRADE STUDENTS IN SDN CIBEBER 1 CIMAHI
Authors: Herliana Wina , Daniawati Eka Deti
Published: November 2019

In the learning of English language at school there are many ways can be done by teachers, including in using of tools or props and media can be appropriate to the level and level of education available. For learning English at level of basic education there are a number of learning that can be used as alternatives, one of which is the song media. This article discussed about steps of implementation song media of elementary school at Cibeber 1 Cimahi. Analysis of the problems used as research materials using descriptive qualitative analysis, while the focus of the object of observation is the steps of media song implementation in the school mention above. From the result of observation and analysis conducted by the autors, it is known that there is still incompatibility in the steps of media song. Implementation conducted by teacher with the steps implementation of instructional media as recommended by the experts of English education, especially experts who deepen the problem of media implementation song in learning English at school.
AN ANALYSIS OF INDONESIA ENGLISH CODE MIXING IN FACEBOOK STATUS USERS
Authors: Aurima Yulianti Octavia , Windyawati Windyawati
Published: November 2019

This research investigates the use of code mixing in Facebook by Indonesian people. The purpose of this study is to describe the kind of code mixing used by Indonesian people in Facebook status users. This research employs the descriptive qualitative method. The data were taken from the Indonesian Facebook users posting.  The data are analyzed based on Suwito’s theory. The results show that there are six types of linguistic forms of code mixing consisting of 11 data or 22% form of word; 21 data or 42% data phrase; 2 data or 4% repetition; 6 data or 12% idiom; 9 data or 18% clause; 1 data or 2% hybrid. Thus, the conclusion of this research is the students use two languages i.e. Indonesia and English as code mixing, and the researchers found the Facebook status users used code mixing of the phrase in the most form of code mixing.  Keywords: Sociolinguistic, Code Mixing, Facebook
The Analysis Speech Acts of Donald Trump’s Speech
Authors: Febriana Sonya Widya , Fajariah Muziatun Fajariah
Published: November 2019

This research is entitled the analysis speech acts of Donald Trump’s speech. The study analyze the speech acts of President Donald Trump’s speech. The speeches used as the data are taken from White House online on September until October 2017 in USA. Moreover, the researcher focused on speech act of illocutionary acts. In this study the research used theory from Searle. From Donald Trump's speech, the researcher found 7% Declarative, 18% Representative, 31% Expressive, 29% commissive, and 15% Directive. The result showed that President Donald Trump’s more on sentence expressive. Analysis speech act help in the interpretation of the message in the selected speech.Keywords:  Speech act, types of speech acts
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION THROUGH JIGSAW TECHNIQUE
Authors: Halimah Halimah , Purba Helpiana , Rachmijati Cynantia
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this research is to investigate of using jigsaw technique to improve reading comprehension at the tenth grade students in SMAN 1 Ngamprah. The total number of sample in this study was 60 students in two classes. It used pre-experimental design that applies in the treatments to measure the significant scores pre-test and post-test. Pre-test was applied in the first meeting. Whereas post-test was applied after the treatments given. After given pre-test and post-test, the researcher got the mean scores in both of the class. There are 57.00 and 80.17 in experimental class and the control class are respectively 57.00 and 79.17. The result show that using jigsaw technique had the positive effect in improving reading comprehension because there was a significant post- test scores of students in two classes with the level significance 0.05. The significance in post-test is 0.355 it was higher than 0.05. It concluded that students’ response toward the implementation of jigsaw technique is effective because they are enjoyed and interested in the learning process. Moreover, the jigsaw technique could help them to improve their reading comprehension.
AN ANALYSIS OF FLRA TO EFL LEARNERS AT IKIP SILIWANGI
Authors: Mawardah Sakina , Zinan Farah Hana , Santoso Iman
Published: November 2019

This study is aimed to know the scale on the level of anxiety on Foreign Language in general and in reading on EFL learners especially to English department learner of 2015 in IKIP Siliwangi Bandung. The method that is used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The data were gathered using an online form by using a Likert scale questions of FLRAS (Foreign Language Reading Anxiety Scale) and FLCAS (Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scales). The data that have been collected were then analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22 that consisted of descriptive statistics (e.g. means, standard deviations, percentages, etc.). The data used to measure the level of FL anxiety in general and in reading. From the results, more than 66% of the EFL learners have a medium-level in FLRAS, and 76% of the participant has a level of mildly anxious in FLCAS toward English as a foreign language.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF REWARD AND PUNISHMENT TOWARDS STUDENT PERCEPTION IN ENGLISH LEARNING AT IKIP SILIWANGI
Authors: Widya Dhea , Sri Wantina Yusi Amalia
Published: November 2019

This Research titled THE IMPLEMENTATION OF REWARD AND PUNISHMENT TOWARD STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION IN ENGLISH LEARNING AT IKIP SILIWANGI   aimed to investigate the students’perception of reward and punishment and analyze the positive effect to student. This study imployes a qualitative reseach and the strategy used in this reseach is descriptive qualitatiave. This research took place at  English Education Department Program IKIP SILIWANGI by involving interview college students at two classes randomly. The finding of this  research is students’perception of reward and punishment. the students who proper to get a punishment when the students do not do the assignment, coming late etc. and the students who proper to get the reward when the students can answer the questions and also get additionl score. they can get B score for someone always present in every meetings, but it depend on the individu in order to do not repeat the mistake that they have done so obviously giving a reward can motived the student in learning activity because the students will to compete to get that reward
RHYTHM IN MONOLOGUE VIDEO BY CHARLIE CHAPLIN
Authors: Amanda Gita , Oktapiani Rosi
Published: November 2019

The aim of this article is to know about the rhythm of the monologue video by the dialogue of Charlie Chaplin. Rhythm is a characteristic sound that have a strong beat and a weak beat, the writers will try to proof whether it can imitated well or can not imitated well by some of foreign learners. The writers will make a transcript of a dialogue in the last part of the movie The Great Dictator, and as a foreign learner, the writers will try to imitated Charlie Chaplin by watching and listening the character sound that Charlie Chaplin has. The last, the writers will discus the result to find where is the beat that hard to imitated or which the dialogue that hard or easy to imitated. The method of this article is using a qualitative method because this article is about non-numerical language and also focus on analyzing the data.
Collaborative Approach and Scientific Approach in Teaching Writing Descriptive Text
Authors: Gymnastiar Maulana Alif , Apsari Yanuarti
Published: November 2019

This research paper entitled “Collaborative Approach and Scientific Approach in Teaching Writing Descriptive Text”. The objectives of the study was to know wheter or not there was significant different between students who were taught by using Cooperative Script and those who were taught taught by using scientific approach. The method of this research was quantitative method and the design was quasi-experimental design with two groups. The population of this research was eight grade students’ and the sample are VIII A and VIII C. The instruments used in this research were test, observation, and interview. In analyzing the data, the writer used SPSS. The results of this research shows that the Sig of N-Gain test (0,014) was lower than 0,05. It means that Ho of this research was rejected. Thus, the researcher concluded that there were differences between students who were taught by using collaborative approach and those who were taught by using scientific approach.
The effect of intraocular lens material and postoperative therapy on the posterior capsule opacification development after the senile cataract surgery
Authors: Todorovic Dusan , Sarenac-Vulovic Tatjana , Petrovic Nenad , Jovanovic Svetlana , Janicijevic-Petrovic Mirjana , Djokovic Danijela , Janicijevic Katarina , Sreckovic Suncica
Published: November 2019

Introduction/Objective. The most frequent postoperative complication of a successfully performed phacoemulsification cataract surgery is the development of posterior capsule opacification (PCO). It is caused by the proliferation and migration of the remaining residual epithelial cells. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of two different intraocular lenses and two different anti-inflammatory drugs on the development of PCO in one-year follow-up period. Methods. Investigation included 120 patients (120 eyes), equally divided into four groups. The first two groups included patients who used non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) postoperatively, while the other groups had corticosteroid therapy. The first and third group got hydrophilic intraocular lenses (IOL), the second and fourth group had hydrophobic IOL. Software program EPCO 2000 was used for the analysis of PCO. Student?s t-test, Wilcoxon test, and ANOVA were used for data analysis and p < 0.05 value was accepted as statistically significant. Results. After the first three postoperative months, patients from NSAID groups had mean PCO score 0.25 ?} 0.03, which was statistically significant higher (p = 0.042) comparing to corticosteroid groups. At the end of the investigation, the best result in PCO preventing was seen in the group of patients with hydrophobic IOL and corticosteroid therapy, with the mean PCO score of 0.47 ?} 0.08. Conclusion. This study has revealed that IOL made of acrylic hydrophobic material seemed to be the right choice when choosing intraocular lens to prevent PCO development. On the other hand, NSAID and corticosteroid therapy have showed similar results in preventing postoperative intraocular inflammation. This fact can be very useful in situations when corticosteroids must be used with great caution.
Do Global Audit Firm Networks Apply Consistent Audit Methodologies across Jurisdictions? Evidence from Financial Reporting Comparability
Authors: Ege Matthew S. , Kim Young Hoon , Wang Dechun
Published: November 2019

Brand name audit firms are global networks of local audit firms. These networks claim to enforce consistent audit methodologies across their member firms, which, if true, should systematically affect client financial reporting. We find that clients from different countries have more (less) comparable accruals when they are audited by local audit firms from the same global network (different global networks). Furthermore, inferences are similar when we examine client accrual comparability around audit firm switches induced by the failure of Andersen, which serves as a shock that helps improve identification. In falsification tests, having auditors from the same global network is not associated with differences in operating cash flows. Results also suggest that the role of global network methodologies in global financial reporting comparability is more pronounced across stronger investor protection jurisdictions and across jurisdictions that have adopted International Standards on Auditing.

JEL Classifications: M41; M42.
Crowded Health
Authors: O’Toole William , Luke Dr Stephen , Semmens Travis , Brown Dr Jason , Tatrai Andrew
Published: November 2019

Crowds carry real health risks. By definition, crowds bring large numbers of people in to close proximity and confined spaces. The risk of injury is real, due to accident, crush or malice and the medical risk of disease transmission and demographic-specific presentations must also be considered. Selecting health service providers is a key early decision. Consulting with local ambulance and health services to build relationships and to seek advice on local providers, legislative requirements and existing health system capacity is time well spent. It is critical that the provider(s) chosen have the skills, resources and experience to service the event and predictable escalation. Pre-hospital health service provision is a niche industry and is variably regulated. The accumulation of clinical, command and logistical experience takes many years and is a truly heuristic process. A tiered service delivery model, discussed further below, should be adopted with centralized call-taking and management of resources. Finalizing the size, scope and cost of this model can be a time-consuming and stressful process. This will be informed by the health risk assessment, with mitigation strategies according to ALARP principles, although high consequence outcomes (long tail risks) like cardiac arrest and major trauma will require additional resources.
Islamic Education in Thailand Pattani Muslim Minority: What are the Institutional Continuity and Change?
Authors: Wekke Ismail Suardi , Siddin Siddin , Langputeh Sukree
Published: November 2019

National aspiration in different ways effects to the community response through their condition. This situation reflects the dynamics of interest in diverse direction. Therefore, this article will identify the development of Muslim minority in Pattani, Thailand. A qualitative approach was applied to conducting research. In-depth interview and non-participant observation was an instrument to collect data. Data triangulation was conducted through twice focus group discussions in a different university. This article discusses the portrait of Islamic education in Pattani of Thailand. They face dynamic and struggle to maintain a combination of national interest and local need. National aspiration is the main source to formulate the institutional design. On the other hand, they embedded local aspiration through ethnic and religious values to combine in national education. In keeping with the identities and personal communication, they tried to root the religious value and belief to educational form. Finally, this article amplifies the local condition in Pattani Muslim society. The development of Islamic education runs to the situation in extending ethnic, religious expression, and politic.
Internalization of Students’ Scientific Attitudes through Islamic Education in Madrasah Aliyah
Authors: Sukino Sukino , Failasufah Failasufah
Published: November 2019

Islamic Education becomes an important subject in maintaining moral and character. This study aims to see the extent to which internalization of the students’ scientific attitude in Madrasah Aliyah (Islamic Senior High School) through Islamic Education. The qualitative approach is used in this research. The data was collected through interview, observation, and documentation. The data was then analyzed to see how the process of the internalization of the scientific attitude works. Based on the result of the study, it is found that the process of scientific attitude internalization carried out through scientific approach, especially in the Qur'an Hadith subject, has formed a critical and democratic attitude. The Fiqh subject forms discipline and responsibility. The Islamic cultural history subject forms an open-minded and critical attitude. Meanwhile, learning Aqidah Akhlak forms honesty, discipline, and democratic attitudes. The implication of this research lies in the strengthening the Islamic education teachers’ understanding in shaping the students’ scientific attitude, so that the students can face contemporary religious problems critically, democratically, and responsibly and become part of the solution for modern Muslim societies.
Согласованная динамика сывороточного IgE и численности IgE+-клонотипов с уровнем пыльцы в воздухе при поллинозе
Authors: Микелов А. И. , Староверов Д. Б. , Комеч Е. А. , Лебедев Ю. Б. , Чудаков Д. М. , Звягин И. В.
Published: November 2019

Механизмы поддержания иммунологической памяти, обусловливающей хроническое течение сезонного аллергического ринита у человека, слабо изучены. Рациональный дизайн новых подходов к терапии аллергических заболеваний требует детального понимания этих механизмов. Известно, что уровень аллергенспецифичных антител класса IgE (sIgE), являющихся ключевым агентом в развитии данного заболевания, повышен у пациентов с поллинозом в период цветения. Целью работы было изучить динамику сывороточного уровня IgE и характеристик клонального репертуара IgE-секретирующих лимфоцитов в зависимости от интенсивности контакта пациента с аллергеном. Для трех пациентов (22, 22 и 28 лет) с аллергией на березовую пыльцу были измерены уровни общего IgE и sIgE к березовой пыльце в 6 временных точках с интервалом в 2 недели, влючая период пыления березы. Для одного донора получены данные о клональном репертуаре генов тяжелых цепей иммуноглобулинов (IGH) субпопуляций В-клеточного ряда. Прирост уровня sIgE в период пыления составил 91%, 37% и 64% по сравнению с исходным у трех доноров. Момент начала роста уровня sIgE и общего IgE и его динамика согласуются с ростом концентрации аллергена (sIgE: R2 = 0,98 при p < 0,05; IgE общий: R2 = 0,95 при p < 0,05). IgE-клонотипы обнаружены только в образцах, взятых в период цветения березы, что свидетельствует о росте их концентрации в этот период. Доля IgE- клонотипов оказалась крайне низкой по сравнению с клонотипами других изотипов (IgE — 0,01%, IgM — 48,4%, IgD — 14%, IgG — 17,4%, IgA — 19,8%). Оценка числа гипермутаций и филогенетический анализ последовательностей внутри 13 обнаруженных IgE-содержащих клональных групп показали возможность происхождения IgE-клонотипов из IgG в результате смены изотипа.
Öğrenme Güçlüğü ile ilgili Türkiye’de Deneysel Olarak Yapılmış Tezlerin İncelenmesi
Authors: ARI Adnan , YIKMIŞ Ahmet , ÖZOKÇU Osman
Published: November 2019

Öğrenme güçlüğü ile ilgili Türkiye’de deneysel olarak yapılmış olan tezlerinin incelenmesinin amaçlandığı bu araştırmada, nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından betimsel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Yüksek Öğretim Kurumunun (YÖK) ulusal tez merkezi veri tabanı kullanılarak yapılan tarama sonucunda, deneysel olarak yapılmış sekiz çalışmaya ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmalar, katılımcıların özellikleri, bağımlı ve bağımsız değişkenler, araştırma modelleri ve ortam değişkenleri bağlamında incelenmiştir. İnceleme sonucunda, çalışmalardaki katılımcıların daha çok 5-16 yaş aralığında oldukları, yedi çalışmanın öğrenme güçlüğü olan bireylerle yapıldığı; uygulamaların en çok rehabilitasyon merkezlerinde gerçekleştiği, kontrol gruplu deneysel ve tek denekli araştırmaların araştırma deseni olarak kullanıldığı, tekrarlanan bağımlı ve bağımsız değişkenlerin kullanılmadığı ile ilgili bulgulara ulaşılmıştır.
Yenilenmiş Bloom Taksonomisine Göre Soru Analizi (KPSS/ÖABT- Analitik Kimyayla ilişkili Sorular)
Authors: KARAER Hatice
Published: November 2019

Bu araştırma, Kamu Personeli Seçme Sınavı (KPSS) Öğretmenlik Alan Bilgisi Testlerindeki (ÖABT) Analitik Kimyayla ilişkili soruları Yenilenmiş Bloom Taksonomisine (YBT) göre analiz etmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu kapsam-da 2013-2018 KPSS/ÖABT’ deki toplam 510 soru dokü-man inceleme tekniği ile incelenmiş ve Analitik Kimyayla ilişkili 83 soru analiz edilmiştir. Soruların 71’i Kimya, 12’si Fen Bilimleri/Fen ve Teknoloji ÖABT’ den alınmıştır. Soruların analizlerinde araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan şablon kullanılarak tek tek analiz edilmiş ve iki boyutlu taksonomi tablosunda uygun kutucuğa yerleştirilmiştir. Yerleştirmede aynı anda birden fazla bilişsel süreç boyu-tunda olabileceği düşünülen sorularda daha üst düzeydeki boyutlar alınmıştır. Boyutların belirlenmesinde sorunun ad ve fiil kısımları dikkate alınmış olup ad kısmı bilgi boyutu-na, fiil kısmı bilişsel süreç boyutuna karşılık gelecek şekilde analizleri yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre soruların bilişsel süreç boyutları sırasıyla %8,4“Hatırlama”, %27,7 “Anlama”, %49,4” Uygulama”, %14,5 “Çözümleme” olduğu” “Değerlendirme” ve “Yaratma” boyutlarında soru bulunmadığı belirlenmiştir. Bilgi boyutları sırasıyla %7,2’i “Olgusal”, %31,3’ü “Kavramsal” ve %61,5’u “İşlemsel” boyutlarında olduğu, “Üstbilişsel” bilgi boyu-tunda soru bulunmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Soruların yıllara göre dağılımında “Üstbilişsel” boyutta en fazla soru 2015’de, alt bilişsel boyutta 2016’da olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sınav soruları hazırlanırken öncelikle hedeflerin belirlen-mesi, hedeflere rehberlik edecek taksonomilerin oluşturul-ması ve bunun için YBT tablosunun dikkate alınması öne-rilmektedir.
Sosyal Çevre ve Öğrenme Ortamı Ölçeği’nin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: ALTUNKAYA Hatice , BAŞKAN Ahmet
Published: November 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Sosyal Çevre ve Öğrenme Ortamı

Ölçeği’nin Türkçeye uyarlanması ve psikometrik özelliklerinin tespit

edilmesidir. Araştırma 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılında Dicle Üniversitesi Ziya

Gökalp Eğitim Fakültesinin farklı bölümlerinde öğrenim gören 310 öğretmen adayı

ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sosyal Çevre ve Öğrenme Ortamı Ölçeği’nin geçerliğini

ve güvenirliğini ortaya koymak için doğrulayıcı ve açıklayıcı faktör analizleri

yapılmıştır. Analizler neticesinde, ölçeğin güvenirliğini ifade eden Cronbach’s

Alpha değeri 0,931 olarak yüksek bulunmuştur. İç tutarlılığı olumsuz etkileyen

ve madde toplam korelasyon değeri 0,17 olan 14 numaralı “Bazen öğretmenim ve

kendimi sınıfta zıt grupmuşuz gibi hissediyorum” maddesi ölçekten çıkartılmış

ve sonuçta 26 madde, 4 boyuttan oluşan bir ölçek ortaya konmuştur. Ölçeğin

(1-10. maddeler) birinci alt boyutu genel öğrenci-öğrenci ilişkileri için

0,887; ikinci alt boyutu (11-15. maddeler[14. madde çıkarıldı]) resmî

öğretmen-öğrenci ilişkileri için 0,777; üçüncü alt boyutu (16-20. maddeler)

resmî olmayan öğretmen-öğrenci ilişkileri için 0,830; dördüncü alt boyutu

(21-27. maddeler) eğitmen olarak öğrenci faktörü için ise 0,867 Cronbach’s

Alpha değeri tespit edilmiştir. Ölçek, toplam varyansın %56.489’ünü

açıklamaktadır. 26 madde, 4 alt boyuttan oluşan Sosyal Çevre ve Öğrenme Ortamı

Ölçeği’nin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olarak öğrenme ortamlarında

kullanılabileceği söylenebilir.