bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cavity-enhanced scalable integrated temporal random-speckle spectrometry
Authors: Xu Hongnan , Qin Yue , Hu Gaolei , Tsang Hon Ki
Published: August 2023

Chip-scale integrated spectrometers have many prospective applications, such as in situ biochemical analysis, optical coherence tomography, and remote hyperspectral sensing. Most reported monolithically integrated spectrometers support spectral resolutions of 101−102pm with 102−103 wavelength channels. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a scalable integrated spectrometer that achieves ultrahigh resolution and improves the channel capacity by around one order of magnitude. The approach is based on a spatially reconfigurable multimode cavity formed by a waveguide array and delay lines. The mode mixing is enhanced through cavity resonance and intermodal coupling, producing chaotic spectral responses. The orthogonal resonant state can be arbitrarily switched by tuning the phase shifters within the cavity. Each wavelength channel is associated with a unique random temporal speckle. Notably, for the proposed design, all the speckle “signatures” can be detected at a single spatial port and generated purely in the time domain, resulting in an extremely large number of usable speckles (>2×104) beyond the capacity limit of multimode interference. Any arbitrary input spectrum can be computationally retrieved from the recorded output signal. Due to the full randomization of the singular space, the sampling steps can be decreased to <2×103, which efficiently reduces the computational requirement. Our experimental results show an ultrahigh resolution of 5 pm over >2×104 wavelength channels, with a peak signal-to-noise ratio of  ≈30dB. To the best of our knowledge, these results represent the largest channel capacity among all demonstrated monolithically integrated spectrometers.
Intrinsic motivation for choice varies with individual risk attitudes and the controllability of the environment
Authors: Munuera Jérôme , Ribes Agost Marta , Bendetowicz David , Kerebel Adrien , Chambon Valérian , Lau Brian
Published: August 2023

When deciding between options that do or do not lead to future choices, humans often choose to choose. We studied choice seeking by asking subjects to first decide between a choice opportunity or performing a computer-selected action, after which they either chose freely or performed the forced action. Subjects preferred choice when these options were equally rewarded, even deterministically, and traded extrinsic rewards for opportunities to choose. We explained individual variability in choice seeking using reinforcement learning models incorporating risk sensitivity and overvaluation of rewards obtained through choice. Model fits revealed that 28% of subjects were sensitive to the worst possible outcome associated with free choice, and this pessimism reduced their choice preference with increasing risk. Moreover, outcome overvaluation was necessary to explain patterns of individual choice preference across levels of risk. We also manipulated the degree to which subjects controlled stimulus outcomes. We found that degrading coherence between their actions and stimulus outcomes diminished choice preference following forced actions, although willingness to repeat selection of choice opportunities remained high. When subjects chose freely during these repeats, they were sensitive to rewards when actions were controllable but ignored outcomes–even positive ones–associated with reduced controllability. Our results show that preference for choice can be modulated by extrinsic reward properties including reward probability and risk as well as by controllability of the environment.
Evaluation of vaginal microbiome equilibrium states identifies microbial parameters linked to resilience after menses and antibiotic therapy
Authors: Lee Christina Y. , Diegel Jenna , France Michael T. , Ravel Jacques , Arnold Kelly B.
Published: August 2023

The vaginal microbiome (VMB) is a complex microbial community that is closely tied to reproductive health. Optimal VMB communities have compositions that are commonly defined by the dominance of certain Lactobacillus spp. and can remain stable over time or transition to non-optimal states dominated by anaerobic bacteria and associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV). The ability to remain stable or undergo transitions suggests a system with either single (mono-stable) or multiple (multi-stable) equilibrium states, though factors that contribute to stability have been difficult to determine due to heterogeneity in microbial growth characteristics and inter-species interactions. Here, we use a computational model to determine whether differences in microbial growth and interaction parameters could alter equilibrium state accessibility and account for variability in community composition after menses and antibiotic therapies. Using a global uncertainty and sensitivity analysis that captures parameter sets sampled from a physiologically relevant range, model simulations predicted that 79.7% of microbial communities were mono-stable (gravitate to one composition type) and 20.3% were predicted to be multi-stable (can gravitate to more than one composition type, given external perturbations), which was not significantly different from observations in two clinical cohorts (HMP cohort, 75.2% and 24.8%; Gajer cohort, 78.1% and 21.9%, respectively). The model identified key microbial parameters that governed equilibrium state accessibility, such as the importance of non-optimal anaerobic bacteria interactions with Lactobacillus spp., which is largely understudied. Model predictions for composition changes after menses and antibiotics were not significantly different from those observed in clinical cohorts. Lastly, simulations were performed to illustrate how this quantitative framework can be used to gain insight into the development of new combinatorial therapies involving altered prebiotic and antibiotic dosing strategies. Altogether, dynamical models could guide development of more precise therapeutic strategies to manage BV.
China’s value-added tax policy and intertemporal optimal assets allocation of enterprises——Based on the dual perspectives of VAT input refund and VAT rate
Authors: Li Jiaming , Li Yibo , Liu Yulin
Published: August 2023

The article sought to detect the impact of the value-added tax (VAT) policy on the enterprises’ asset allocation from the dual perspectives of the VAT input refund and the VAT rate. Based on the influenced mechanism of the VAT input refund and the tax burden effect (and the price effect) caused by the VAT rate, enterprises’ intertemporal optimal asset allocation models are constructed under the states of adopting the VAT input refund and maintaining the theoretical tax (non-)neutrality of VAT. When VAT rates of the general taxpayers are predicted to be reduced, we also use China’s manufacturing and economic data to simulate specific cases to verify propositions under different states. The results show that: (1) When the VAT output tax rate decreases: if returns to scale are diminishing, enterprises will increase the number of productive material assets and labor and reduce financial assets. (2) When the VAT input tax rate reduces: under the state of adopting the VAT input refund and maintaining the theoretical tax (non-)neutrality of VAT, if returns to scale are decreasing, enterprises will reduce the number of productive material assets and labor and increase financial assets. Under the state of adopting the VAT input refund and maintaining the theoretical tax neutrality of VAT, if returns to scale are increasing and the expected rate of return of financial assets is lower than the additional tax rate, or the enterprise has diminishing returns to scale and the expected rate of return of financial assets is higher than the additional tax rate, enterprises will increase the number of productive material assets and labor. (3) When VAT output and input tax rates reduce simultaneously: under the state of adopting the VAT input refund and maintaining the theoretical tax neutrality of VAT, if returns to scale are increasing and the expected return rate of financial assets is higher than the additional tax rate, the enterprise will reduce the number of productive material assets and labor and increase financial assets. Under the diminishing returns to scale in China’s national economy, the research conclusions endorse the rational necessity of the VAT policy change—VAT rate reduction to develop the entity economy and provide a reference for enterprises to make asset allocation decisions. The conclusions also provide possible changes in VAT policy for different countries according to their actual economic conditions.
The relationship between staying at home during the pandemic and the number of conceptions: A national panel data analysis
Authors: Moreno-Louzada Luca , Menezes-Filho Naercio
Published: August 2023

hether the COVID-19 pandemic has changed fertility patterns is still an open question, as social isolation for long periods can impact the number of conceptions in many ways. We combine administrative data on all recent births in Brazil with daily data on individual location to estimate the relationship between the share of individuals staying close to their homes in each week and the number of conceptions in that same week, comparing municipalities with different social isolation patterns during the first semester of 2020. We find that conceptions unequivocally decline when social isolation increases. The effect is stronger for women who are between 21 and 25 years old and more educated, as well as for richer, larger, and more urban municipalities. COVID-19 is likely to change fertility across countries depending on the behavior of the population and on the lock-down measures implemented to fight the pandemic.
Edge detection using fast pixel based matching and contours mapping algorithms
Authors: Arulananth T. S. , Chinnasamy P. , Babu J. Chinna , Kiran Ajmeera , Hemalatha J. , Abbas Mohamed
Published: August 2023

Current methods of edge identification were constrained by issues like lighting changes, position disparity, colour changes, and gesture variability, among others. The aforementioned modifications have a significant impact, especially on scaled factors like temporal delay, gradient data, effectiveness in noise, translation, and qualifying edge outlines. It is obvious that an image’s borders hold the majority of the shape data. Reducing the amount of time it takes for image identification, increase gradient knowledge of the image, improving efficiency in high noise environments, and pinpointing the precise location of an image are some potential obstacles in recognizing edges. the boundaries of an image stronger and more apparent locate those borders in the image initially, sharpening it by removing any extraneous detail with the use of the proper filters, followed by enhancing the edge-containing areas. The processes involved in recognizing edges are filtering, boosting, recognizing, and localizing. Numerous approaches have been suggested for the previously outlined identification of edges procedures. Edge detection using Fast pixel-based matching and contours mappingmethods are used to overcome the aforementioned restrictions for better picture recognition. In this article, we are introducing the Fast Pixel based matching and contours mapping algorithms to compare the edges in reference and targeted frames using mask-propagation and non-local techniques. Our system resists significant item visual fluctuation as well as copes with obstructions because we incorporate input from both the first and prior frames Improvement in performance in proposed system is discussed in result section, evidences are tabulated and sketched. Mainly detection probabilities and detection time is remarkably reinforced Effective identification of such things were widely useful in fingerprint comparison, medical diagnostics, Smart Cities, production, Cyber Physical Systems, incorporating Artificial Intelligence, and license plate recognition are conceivable applications of this suggested work.
Knot formation and spread along the shoot stem in 13 olive cultivars inoculated with an indigenous pathobiome of 7 species of Pseudomonas including Pseudomonas savastanoi
Authors: Zucchini Matteo , Maoloni Antonietta , Lodolini Enrico Maria , Ferrocino Ilario , Aquilanti Lucia , Neri Davide
Published: August 2023

Olive knot is a widely spread disease among olive (Olea europaea L.) trees. Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi is recognized as the primary causative agent of the disease however, recent evidence indicated that consortia of bacteria (pathobiome), may favor its development. Several factors are involved in the host-plant relationship and affect the intensity of the symptoms. Among these the presence of wounds, or damages to the plants’ tissues may affect the intensity and propagation of the disease. It remains unknown whether or not bacteria move from an infected wound to another not infected one via shoot tissues. The present investigation focused on the susceptibility to olive knot of several cultivars after inoculating artificial wounds with selected Pseudomonas species, while spreading the disease from these to wounds on the same stem, that had not been purposefully inoculated. The pathobiome for the inoculum was prepared with 7 species of Pseudomonas (including Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi), isolated from knot samples collected from two different, heavily infected olive orchards. The inoculation was done after the manual execution of 10 horizontal wounds on the stem of potted plants of 13 olive cultivars grown in the greenhouse. Only the lowest 5 wounds were inoculated. The inoculated wounds showed a maximum percentage of knots after 187 days. All 13 cultivars showed knots yet, the cultivar with the most severe disease level to Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi was ‘Rosciola colli Esini’. The metataxonomic analysis performed on the olive knots removed after 225 days confirmed the dominance of the inoculated species Pseudomonas savastanoi in all the assayed cultivars. The not inoculated wounds did not show the knot disease likely because the bacterium’s inability to transmigrate from the inoculated wounds to the non-inoculated ones.
Global expression pattern of genes containing positively selected sites in European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus L.) may shed light on teleost reproduction
Authors: Eldem Vahap , Zararsız Gökmen , Erkan Melike
Published: August 2023

European anchovy is a multiple-spawning and highly fecundate pelagic fish with high economic and ecological significance. Although fecundity is influenced by nutrition, temperature and weight of spawners, high reproductive capacity is related to molecular processes in the ovary. The ovary is an essential and complex reproductive organ composed of various somatic and germ cells, which interact to facilitate the development of the ovary and functional oocytes. Revealing the ovarian transcriptome profile of highly fecundate fishes provides insights into oocyte production in teleosts. Here we use a comprehensive tissue-specific RNA sequencing which yielded 102.3 billion clean bases to analyze the transcriptional profiles of the ovary compared with other organs (liver, kidney, ovary, testis, fin, cauda and gill) and juvenile tissues of European anchovy. We conducted a comparative transcriptome and positive selection analysis of seven teleost species with varying fecundity rates to identify genes potentially involved in oogenesis and oocyte development. Of the 2,272 single copies of orthologous genes found, up to 535 genes were under positive selection in European anchovy and these genes are associated with a wide spectrum of cellular and molecular functions, with enrichments such as RNA methylation and modification, ribosome biogenesis, DNA repair, cell cycle processing and peptide/amide biosynthesis. Of the 535 positively selected genes, 55 were upregulated, and 45 were downregulated in the ovary, most of which were related to RNA and DNA transferase, developmental transcription factors, protein kinases and replication factors. Overall, our analysis of the transcriptome level in the ovarian tissue of a teleost will provide further insights into molecular processes and deepen our genetic understanding of egg production in highly fecund fish.
Association between dietary magnesium intake and peripheral arterial disease: Results from NHANES 1999–2004
Authors: Wu Zhe , Ruan Zhishen , Liang Gang , Wang Xu , Wu Jianlin , Wang Bin
Published: August 2023

Background

Magnesium has been found to have a strong association with peripheral arterial disease (PAD), and dietary magnesium intake shows promise as a predictor of the condition. However, the relationship between low dietary magnesium intake and an increased risk of PAD remains uncertain, and further research is needed to clarify this relationship.

Methods

This study analyzed data from 5969 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of the United States from 1999 to 2004. Multifactorial logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between dietary magnesium intake and PAD.

Results

Participants with PAD had lower dietary magnesium intake compared to those without PAD. After adjusting for all covariates, dietary magnesium intake remained negatively associated with PAD (OR: 0.999, 95% CI: 0.998, 1.000). When dietary magnesium intake was divided into quartiles, compared with the fourth quantile, the first quartile is associated with a higher incidence rate of PAD (OR: 1.560, 95%CI: 1.019, 2.386). Subgroup analysis revealed that the link between dietary magnesium intake and PAD remained significant among specific subgroups, including non-white, never or former smokers, and non-hypertensive, non-diabetic individuals (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Our study provides evidence that dietary magnesium intake is negatively associated with the incidence of PAD. Therefore, people with inadequate dietary magnesium intake, particularly those with excessively low intake, should increase their magnesium intake to reduce the risk of PAD.
Electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO) application for patients with prostate cancer
Authors: Mohseni Majid , Ayatollahi Haleh , Arefpour Amir Mohammad
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Cancer patients experience different complications and outcomes during or after medical treatments. Electronic reporting of the outcomes by patients is a solution that facilitates communication with physicians and improve patient health status. The aim of this study was to develop a smartphone-based application for electronic reporting of outcomes by patients with prostate cancer.

Methods

The present research was conducted in 2021 in two phases. In the first phase, initially, users’ requirements were identified based on reviewing the related literature, existing applications, and guidelines. Then, a questionnaire was designed and the specialists’ opinions about the users’ requirements were investigated. The specialties included urologists, hemato-oncologists, uro-oncologists, and radiotherapists (n = 15). In the second phase, the application was designed, and patients with prostate cancer (n = 21) and specialists (n = 10) evaluated it using the post-study system usability questionnaire (PSSUQ). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results

The findings of the first phase of the research showed that out of 108 data elements and functions proposed for the application, 91 items were found essential by the specialists. Data elements were categorized into the patient data, general complications of prostate cancer and side effects of drug therapy, surgery, chemotherapy, cryotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy. Necessary functions for the application included presenting a patient care summary, communication between the patient and the specialist, free text explanation for complications and sides effects, generating reports, reminder and alert, completing quality of life questionnaire, and calculating the score for the questionnaire. In the second phase of the research, the application was developed and evaluated. The mean value for user satisfaction was (5.95 ± 0.55) out of 7.

Conclusion

The developed application can help to accelerate communication with the specialists. It can improve quality of care, reduce unnecessary treatment visits and side effects, and improve timely data collection for a variety of research purposes. However, further research on the cost-effectiveness and usefulness of the collected data is recommended.
S-1 and 5-Fluorouracil-related adverse events in patients with advanced gastric cancer: A meta-analysis
Authors: Hu Qingqing , Xu Jiajia , Ke Jingshu , Zhang Ziye , Chu Ting
Published: August 2023

Objective

To assess S-1 and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-related adverse events in patients with advanced gastric cancer and provide focused health care approaches to improve patient compliance and quality of survival.

Methods

The PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Cochrane Library, EMbase, SinoMed, Wan Fang Data, CNKI, and VIP databases were searched, and relevant literature was screened from the database construction date through March 31, 2023. Review Manager 5.4.1 and Stata 12.0 were used to analyze the data and GRADEpro was used to assess the quality of the literature. Relative risk ratio (RR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI) were employed as markers to compare adverse events due to S-1 vs 5-FU.

Results

Eight randomized controlled trials (RCT) were included, which contained 3,455 patients. The S-1 group had 1,804 patients, and the 5-FU group had 1,651 patients. There were 17 recorded adverse events in total. Stomatitis, hypokalemia, mucosal inflammation, and hypophosphatemia were more common in the 5-FU group than in the S-1 group (P < 0.001). No significant difference was observed between S-1 and 5-FU for other adverse events.

Conclusions

Although both S-1 and 5-FU cause a variety of side effects, 5-FU resulted in a higher incidence of stomatitis, hypokalemia, mucosal inflammation, and hypophosphatemia than S-1. Medical professionals should closely monitor the occurrence of adverse drug events and provide timely, rational guidance and nursing care to improve patient compliance and quality of life.
Examining the effect of moderating variables on autonomous public van acceptance model (APVAM)
Authors: Naderi Hossein , Nassiri Habibollah
Published: August 2023

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) will soon become the primary means of transportation for millions of people. However, the introduction of these vehicles may lead to increased traffic and changes in people’s travel patterns. To address this issue, one solution is to promote the use of AVs in a shared and public manner. However, the success of this approach depends on public acceptance of public AVs. If the promoters of public AVs are unaware of how people perceive this technology, it is possible that these vehicles will face failure in the market. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the factors that influence the willingness to use public AVs. To achieve this, an autonomous public van acceptance model (APVAM) was developed by adapting the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) through structural equations modeling. In this study, 824 citizens of Tehran participated in a field study and completed an online questionnaire. The research results indicated that the variable of effort expectancy indirectly affects the use of autonomous public vans (APVs), while the variables of performance expectancy, facilitating condition, hedonic motivation, and perceived PUnTrust directly affect their use. The research also found that various factors such as gender, level of education, individualism/collectivism, travel purpose, the dominant travel mode, marital status, occupation, age, household wealth, number of vehicles owned, and the price of the current vehicle of the household have a moderating effect on the APVAM. Furthermore, it was revealed that individuals who primarily use personal or public transport for their daily trips are more influenced by the perceived enjoyment of APVs in increasing their willingness to use these vehicles, compared to those whose predominant mode of travel is walking or cycling.
Arterial leg ulcers—Bacterial patterns, antimicrobial resistance and clinical characteristics, a retrospective single-centre cohort, 2012–2021
Authors: Salm Jonas , Böhme Tanja , Noory Elias , Beschorner Ulrich , Kramer Tobias Siegfried , Westermann Dirk , Zeller Thomas
Published: August 2023

Objective

Severe wound infections in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) are common, potentially life- and limb-threatening, and difficult to treat. Evidence on patients with infected leg ulcers in PAD is scarce. This study aims to provide insight into the microbiological patterns and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of specific pathogens in patients with arterial leg ulcers.

Methods and design

In this retrospective, consecutive, single-centre study 16,553 patients underwent an endovascular revascularization procedure between 2012 and 2021. Of these, 1,142 patients had PAD Rutherford category 5 or 6 with infected leg ulcers. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for Staphylococcus aureus-associated infections.

Results

A total of 3,431 bacterial isolates were detected, of which 2,335 (68.1%) bacterial isolates were gram-positive and 1,096 (31.9%) were gram-negative species. The most prevalent bacteria were S. aureus (18.6%), Enterococcus faecalis (9.1%) and S. epidermidis (7.8%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5.6%), Proteus mirabilis (3.7%) and Escherichia coli (3.4%). The resistance of S. aureus isolates to clindamycin was 11.0%. Resistance to oxacillin was rare (1.5%). P. aeruginosa is frequently resistant to ciprofloxacin (14.4%) whilst intrinsically resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. P. mirabilis and E. coli were frequently resistant to both ciprofloxacin (7.3; 20.7%) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (24.6; 22.6%), respectively. Resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid was high among E. coli isolates (36.8%). Multi-drug resistance (MDR) was rare among S. aureus and P. aeruginosa isolates. In contrast, the proportion of MDR was high in E. coli isolates. End-stage renal disease was independently positively associated with S. aureus identification (p = .042).

Conclusion

S. aureus was the most common pathogen in arterial leg ulcers with end-stage renal disease being an independent risk factor. Clindamycin resistance was common, making empirical therapy likely to fail. Isolated E. coli species had a high proportion of MDR.
Argi polarizatu zirkularra igortzen duten molekula kiral adimendunak
Authors: Oliden-Sánchez Ainhoa , Casado Natalia , Avellanal Zaballa Edurne , Sola-Llano Rebeca , Gartzia-Rivero Leire , Bañuelos Prieto Jorge
Published: August 2023

Modu zirkularrean polarizatuta dagoen argia xurgatzeko eta batez ere igortzeko gai diren molekula zein material kiralen garapena egungo gaia da kimikan eta materialen zientzietan. Izan ere, biomolekula ugari kiralak dira eta haien portaera nabarmen aldatzen da molekularen konfigurazioaren arabera. Hori dela eta, argi polarizatua enantiomeroak bereizteko gai da, eta aldiz argi ez-polarizatuak ez du ahalmen hori. Kimika organikoaren inguruan egindako aurrerapenek kromoforo enantiomeriko puruak lortzea ahalbidetzen dute, bai eta haien oinarrizko egitura molekularraren birmoldaketa ere, dituzten ezaugarri fotonikoak hobetzeko. Segur aski, BINOLa eta helizenoa dira dikroismo zirkularra eta zirkularki polarizatutako luminiszentzia duten molekula kiral organiko ezagunenak. Hala ere, hainbat erronka gainditu behar dira haien portaera optikoa hobetzeko. Adibidez, interesgarria izango litzateke lan egiteko zona espektrala ultramoretik ikusgaiko alde gorrira eramatea eta molekula horien ahalmen fluoreszentea handitzea luminiszentzia polarizatuaren distira suspertzeko. Helburu horiek lortzeko, aproposak izan daitezke BODIPY izeneko koloratzaileak, duten kimika eta egitura aldakorrari esker aldaketak egin daitezkeelako egitura molekularrean eskaera kiroptikoen arabera. Hain zuzen ere, lan honetan BODIPY kromoforoan oinarrituta garatutako bi estrategia aurkezten dira kiraltasun moldagarria lortzeko; helikoBODIPYak eta BINOL-O- BODIPYak. Hurrengo lerroetan eztabaidatu egiten dira diseinu molekularraren motibazioa eta sistema optikoki aktibo gisa jarduteko dituen gaitasunak.
Knowledge Alone is Not Enough to Defeat Cancer
Authors:   Sunvalley Communication, LLC, Hofland Peter
Published: August 2023

Doctors should have the liberty to treat patients as they thinks best, and that they should be able to practice medicine without fear of litigation for failure to comply with, what he calls 'arbitrary,' standards and guidelines that may not always be appropriate for every patient. Excessive and unnecessary regulatory requirements and insurance demands make doctors less flexible and effective in treating their patients.
How Good Communication and Transparency may Help avoid a Medical Malpractice Lawsuits
Authors:   Sunvalley Communication, LLC, Hofland Peter
Published: August 2023

In the Hippocratic Oath, Physicians promise to behave ethically and professionally towards their patients. However, in complex care settings, physicians may default to practicing behavior that, in essence, runs counter to the interests of a patient. Results from a study published in BMC Health Services Research suggests that this may include practicing defensive medicine, failing to report incidents, and being hesitant to disclose incidents to patients.
Liquid Biopsy: Unlocking New Insights to Help Improve Outcomes for Cancer Patients
Authors:   Guardant Health, Eagle Craig
Published: August 2023

What if a simple blood draw taken during a routine visit to the doctor for a check-up or a flu shot could allow us to identify specific cancers at an early stage, when they are the most treatable? What if blood tests could help the cancer care team improve patient care at every step of the patient’s journey—from detection to treatment selection to response and recurrence monitoring?
The Power of Clinically-Driven Technology and Member-Centric Approaches in Cancer Care
Authors:   NantHealth, Holmes Clarice
Published: August 2023

Cancer is a complex disease that challenges even the most well-versed clinicians. However, clinical technology has become a powerful tool for navigating this complexity. By consolidating vast amounts of oncology-specific data and harnessing advanced algorithms, technology platforms infused with clinical knowledge empower healthcare payers and providers to make well-informed decisions and enhance the quality of care delivered to cancer patients.
Gas Embolism After a Patient's Ninth ERCP Procedure
Authors: Ahmad Helal Said , Cohen Sari Anne , Khoury Tawfik , Tome Riad , Zeibak Haitam , Abboud Wisam , Mari Amir
Published: August 2023

Gas embolism is a rare and potentially fatal complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We present a 66-year-old man who developed gas embolism after undergoing therapeutic ERCP for cholangitis. Some risk factors of gas embolism in this patient included stones in the common bile duct with cholangitis and a history of multiple ERCP procedures. Early diagnosis and rapid treatment of this potentially fatal complication resulted in our patient's full recovery.
Para uma compreensão da identidade docente a partir da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural
Authors: Carvalho Saulo Rodrigues de
Published: August 2023

Este artigo discute a questão da identidade docente a partir das categorias de análise do Materialismo Histórico Dialético. Com base nos pressupostos da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural, analisa os nexos entre a atividade motivadora e o desenvolvimento da consciência individual. Para o Materialismo Histórico Dialético as formas de existir (Daseinsformen) dos seres humanos definem as suas identidades sociais. Estas se apresentam, numa relação necessária que une a atividade e motivo originando o sentido pessoal da ação. De tal maneira, a constituição da identidade do professor é compreendida a partir das condições históricas e materiais em que se desenvolve a atividade docente, abrangendo as intersecções entre a identidade quanto conformadora de sentido e a sua posição de classe.
O que é a imaginação?
Authors: Repkin Vladimir Vladimirovich
Published: August 2023

Trata-se de um fragmento de notas de uma aula ministrada por V. V. Repkin, em 1975, para estudantes do Instituto de Psicologia da Universidade Estatal de Kharkiv, dedicada ao problema da psicologia da imaginação. Os julgamentos do autor, expressos quase cinquenta anos atrás, colocam de manifesto a sua preocupação com a educação da personalidade da criança como objetivo fundamental da teoria da aprendizagem desenvolvimental, em lugar da mera assimilação de conceitos teóricos.
Pesquisa-Trans-Formação como estratégia de formação docente
Authors: Moura Fernanda Marcon , Cunha Virgínia Mara Próspero da , Magalhães Luciana de Oliveira Rocha
Published: August 2023

A Pesquisa-Trans-Formação como estratégia de formação docente propõe, a partir da tensão entre pesquisar-formar-transformar, a criação de Situações Sociais de Desenvolvimento e, por meio da utilização de diferentes estratégias pedagógicas, promover a reflexão-crítica e fomentar processos de transformação da prática docente. Diante disso, este estudo teve como objetivo discutir a Pesquisa-Trans-Formação elaborada como estratégia de formação docente, realizada em 10 encontros, desenvolvidos de maneira remota, com 10 professores de Educação Física, que atuam no Ensino Fundamental – Anos Iniciais e Finais da rede municipal de uma cidade do Vale do Paraíba Paulista. Frente às inquietações desses educadores, o tema central trabalhado e discutido nos encontros formativos foi a Avaliação para a Aprendizagem em Educação Física, seus desafios e possibilidades. As informações foram produzidas com base em estratégias didático-pedagógicas especificamente, pensadas para o grupo em questão, sendo consideradas algumas das mediações que o constituem, podendo-se citar a discussão de um caso de ensino, slides e formações dialogadas, apresentação de práticas avaliativas já estabelecidas e de novas práticas, reflexão-crítica coletiva, construção colaborativa de uma proposta avaliativa, entre outras. O movimento analítico das informações produzidas, durante o processo de pesquisar e formar esses professores, deu-se por meio da Análise de Conteúdo (BARDIN,2011) resultando em três categorias: Reflexão sobre a própria prática, Aprendizagem sobre avaliação em Educação Física e Mudança da prática avaliativa, que demonstraram a potencialidade dessa forma de apreender e intervir, dialeticamente, na realidade estudada e de favorecer a transformação educacional e social, possibilitando o reconhecimento do inédito viável neste processo.
Conjunto de condições psicológicas e pedagógicas de formação adequada da autoavaliação em idade escolar primária
Authors: Viktorovna Vitushkina Emma , Alexandrovna Kozko Natalia
Published: August 2023

Nas últimas décadas, a questão da formação da autoavaliação na docência dos alunos da escola de nível fundamental tem sido um dos problemas mais urgentes da educação, visto que a sociedade contemporânea está interessada em personalidades de iniciativa, responsáveis e extraordinárias, que conheçam a si mesmas, as suas capacidades e necessidades, que resistam a stress e dificuldades, que se esforcem para a autocompreensão e autodesenvolvimento. O artigo destaca a atualidade da questão enunciada, apresenta componentes estruturais do conceito-chave (autoavaliação), seu desenvolvimento na infância. O artigo apresenta um conjunto de condições pedagógicas destinadas à implementação da tarefa definida. Os métodos de formação de autoavaliação de alunos do nível fundamental são apresentados de forma estrutural e consistente. Além disso, são apresentados exemplos específicos e etapas de trabalho nessa direção. Toda condição pedagógica da formação da autoavaliação na escola primária é sustentada pela descrição dos vários tipos de interação durante o estudo e também pelo foco no crescimento pessoal dos alunos que hoje é um dos objetivos estratégicos da educação moderna.
Sistema didático Zankov: sessenta e seis anos de trajetória experimental (1957-2023)
Authors: Longarezi Andréa Maturano
Published: August 2023

O presente texto se propõe enfatizar os aspectos que fundamentam o sistema Zankov do ponto de vista didático e metodológico. Para isso, em um primeiro momento dá relevo à vida e obra de seu precursor, Leonid Vladimirovich Zankov, com foco para o pensamento do autor que sustenta a intensa atividade experimental realizada em escolas soviéticas, no período de 1957 a 1977. Em um segundo momento, apresenta uma síntese dos principais aspectos que caracterizam o sistema, tais como: (1) suas finalidades; (2) as condições necessárias para a aprendizagem; (3) os princípios didáticos; (4) o método e a proposta metodológica; (5) as características da aula zankoviana; (6) os materiais didáticos; e (7) o papel que assumem o professor e a família na escola zankoviana. O processo de experimentação, implementação e reconhecimento oficial do sistema atravessa todo o texto, visando percorrer, ainda que de forma sintética e introdutória, a história de sessenta e seis anos do sistema didático Zankov (1957 a 2023), o que permite ao leitor ter uma visão ampla e abrangente da proposta que orienta essa perspectiva didática de aprendizagem desenvolvimental; bem como introduz o contexto teórico, conceitual e metodológico a partir do qual se situam os demais artigos que compõem o dossiê Sistema Didático Zankov.
Educação-aprendizagem-desenvolvimento e o método de investigação na concepção de L. V. Zankov
Authors: Longarezi Andréa Maturano , Ferola Bianca Carvalho
Published: August 2023

O artigo tem como objetivos (1) analisar as concepções de educação, aprendizagem e desenvolvimento produzidas por L. V. Zankov, durante um período de 20 anos (de 1957 a 1977) de estudos experimentais que resultaram na edificação do sistema didático soviético Zankov; bem como (2) discutir o método experimental e a análise do desenvolvimento nas três linhas que orientaram as pesquisas do autor no campo da aprendizagem desenvolvimental (observação analítica, pensamento abstrato e ações práticas). O estudo, resultado de pesquisa teórica realizada com fontes documentais inéditas no Brasil, localizadas no original em russo, procura delimitar: (1) a concepção de desenvolvimento defendida por L. V. Zankov; (2) as concepções de educação e aprendizagem em suas relações internas e na relação com o desenvolvimento; e (3) o método experimental que se estrutura com base nos fundamentos zankovianos e dá envergadura para esse sistema didático. As análises produzidas denotam que, para o autor, educação, aprendizagem e desenvolvimento se constituem unidade, tendo em vista um tipo de desenvolvimento que ultrapassa sua dimensão cognitiva. Conclui-se que as contribuições científicas de L. V. Zankov, implicam em uma proposta metodológica cujo desenvolvimento emerge como resultado da influência da educação-aprendizagem, respeitadas as particularidades individuais dos estudantes, como causa do desenvolvimento psíquico (entendido como cognitivo, emotivo e volitivo), mesmo quando as dimensões afetiva e volitiva tenham ficado, do modo como foi abordado experimentalmente por L. V. Zankov, submetidas à dimensão cognitiva.
O processo de obutchénie de equações do 2º grau fundamentado no sistema didático zankoviano para a formação ética e moral de estudantes
Authors: Amorim Lóren Grace Kellen Maia , Marco Fabiana Fiorezi de , Pereira Mariana Martins
Published: August 2023

Neste artigo, recorte de uma tese, temos como objetivo analisar a organização do processo de obutchénie de equações do 2º grau fundamentado no sistema didático zankoviano para a formação ética e moral de estudantes. Como metodologia de pesquisa utilizamos o experimento microciclo realizado com 24 estudantes do nono ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública de Uberlândia-MG. Na análise percebemos que a organização intencional das ações e os diálogos entre os estudantes ou entre estudantes e professora-pesquisadora foram impulsionados por reflexões ocasionadas pela vivência da situação-problema em que estavam envolvidos. Os resultados da pesquisa revelaram que os momentos vivenciados pelos estudantes durante o experimento microciclo contribuíram para que eles: fossem sujeitos ativos no processo de obutchénie, conduzindo-o com responsabilidade; entendessem que o nível de dificuldade e a variedade de conteúdos novos propostos na situação-problema foram provocativos e impulsionadores de operações mentais mais complexas, indicando formação nos aspectos morais e éticos.
expressão brasileira da colonialidade da natureza
Authors: Diniz Juliana
Published: August 2023

O artigo discute e articula aspectos da colonialidade da natureza no contexto brasileiro. A noção de colonialidade da natureza é uma chave interpretativa do paradigma decolonial fundamental para entender como a ideia moderna de natureza fez dela uma dimensão do mundo a ser subjugada e dominada e como essa dinâmica foi condição para assegurar a supremacia da civilização ocidental em relação ao ‘mundo selvagem’. Inicialmente, é apresentado um breve panorama sobre as ideias ocidentais de natureza que são depois contrastadas com noções outras de natureza em que ela é concebida como um domínio pleno de intenção, consciência e agência a fim de evidenciar a não-universalidade da ‘natureza-objeto’ que vigorou na ciência, política e economia moderna. Busca-se demonstrar também como a ideia de selvagem, em contraste com a de civilização, atribuída à natureza e aos povos indígenas, é central no impulso colonial de domesticar a ‘natureza selvagem’ convertendo-a em recurso a ser explorado. Ao longo do texto, as práticas de comoditização dos territórios protegidos e seus ‘recursos naturais’ e as dinâmicas político-econômicas de desterritorialização dos povos são articuladas para explicitar a expressão brasileira da colonialidade da natureza marcada, historicamente, pela obstinação da política econômica dos estados e corporações em popular de empreendimentos de alto impacto socioambiental os territórios de populações locais e, mais recentemente, pelo ataque coordenado contra a integridade dos ecossistemas e direitos dos povos através do desmonte de estruturas de fiscalização e de sinalizações legais favoráveis às invasões e devastação dos seus territórios.
Cuidado decolonial na formação em enfermagem
Authors: Souto Galvão Mary Lúcia , Osvald Ramos Ticiana , Santana de Deus Oliveira Tainá
Published: August 2023

Neste artigo pretendemos refletir sobre possíveis caminhos para que a formação em enfermagem seja qualificada a partir da pedagogia decolonial, defendida por Catherine Walsh (2007) como uma práxis baseada na insurgência educativa propositiva, representando a criação e a construção de novas condições sociais, políticas e culturais, para atender as demandas da complexa situação de saúde das populações que requer profissionais com capacidade crítico-reflexiva para atuarem na perspectiva de cuidado integral respeitando os princípios da equidade, autonomia, emancipação e satisfação. O artigo é fruto de uma investigação de doutorado em torno dos saberes de Parteiras Tradicionais do território do antigo quilombo do Cabula (Salvador) e teve como objetivo discutir como esses saberes podem contribuir para a formação de enfermeiras, refletindo sobre a importância da Educação Popular em Saúde e de ações extensionistas, desenvolvidas no curso de enfermagem da Universidade do Estado da Bahia. A metodologia da pesquisa foi qualitativa, incluindo: análise de documentos relacionados a ações de extensão na atenção à saúde do curso de Enfermagem, rodas de conversa e entrevistas-narrativas com mulheres mais velhas do bairro do Cabula, guardiãs de saberes, para resgatar memórias das parteiras tradicionais que atuaram naquele território até meados do século XX, quando o parto passou a ser institucionalizado. Nesta perspectiva, apresentamos uma primeira sessão na qual são trabalhados aspectos conceituais e teóricos que constroem a reflexão sobre a relação entre a colonialidade, a medicalização do parto e a atuação de parteiras e uma segunda sessão na qual são apresentadas duas possíveis dimensões da pedagogia decolonial em enfermagem, enquanto resultados: a extensão universitária e a aproximação de memórias de parteiras.
Utilization of Rice Husk and Alum Sludge to Produce an Efficient Adsorbent Composite for Recovery of Nutrients from Wastewater
Authors: Van Anh Nguyen Thi , Hoa Nguyen Ngoc , Thuy Nguyen Thi , Thanh Nguyen Lan , Huy Nguyen Nhat
Published: August 2023

This study focused on developing an adsorbent composite from rice husk and alum sludge to recover nutrients from wastewater, which could be used in the future for slow-release fertilizer production. A biochar-sludge composite (80B/20S) was created by modifying rice husk biochar with MgCl2 and using acid- and heat-treated alum sludge to extract ammonium and phosphate contents from wastewater. The physical and chemical properties of the materials were analyzed using various techniques, such as X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. In the nutrient recovery test, the contact time, adsorbent dosage, and initial concentration were evaluated. The adsorption equilibrium contact time for both ammonium and phosphate were found to be 8 h, and the maximum adsorption capacity by Langmuir isotherm for the 80B/20S composite was 185.53 mgNH4 +/g and 63.78 mgPO4 3-/g. The composite material had a higher surface area of 141.32 m2/g, which promoted its adsorption capacity. Additionally, this material demonstrated a removal efficiency above 85% when applied to actual wastewater. Since the composite is composed mainly of natural components, it has the potential to be used as a sustainable slow-release fertilizer for agricultural growth.
Polyhedral compactifications, I
Authors: Ciobotaru Corina , Kramer Linus , Schwer Petra
Published: August 2023

In this work we describe horofunction compactifications of metric spaces and finite-dimensional real vector spaces through asymmetric metrics and asymmetric polyhedral norms by means of nonstandard methods, that is, by ultrapowers of the spaces at hand. The polyhedral compactifications of the vector spaces carry the structure of stratified spaces with the strata indexed by dual faces of the polyhedral unit ball. Explicit neighborhood bases and descriptions of the horofunctions are provided.
Characterizations for the genuine Calderón-Zygmund operators and commutators on generalized Orlicz-Morrey spaces
Authors: Guliyev V. S. , Omarova Meriban N. , Ragusa Maria Alessandra
Published: August 2023

In this article, we show continuity of commutators of Calderón-Zygmund operators

[

b
,
T

]

\left[b,T]

with BMO functions in generalized Orlicz-Morrey spaces

M

Φ
,
φ

(

R

n

)

{M}^{\Phi ,\varphi }\left({{\mathbb{R}}}^{n})

. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the boundedness of the genuine Calderón-Zygmund operators

T

T

and for their commutators

[

b
,
T

]

\left[b,T]

on generalized Orlicz-Morrey spaces, respectively.