bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reconciling Mars InSight Results, Geoid, and Melt Evolution with 3D Spherical Models of Convection
Authors: Murphy Josh P. , King Scott D.
Published: December 2023

We investigate the geodynamic and melting history of Mars using 3D
spherical shell models of mantle convection, constrained by the recent
InSight mission results. The Martian mantle must have produced
sufficient melt to emplace the Tharsis rise by the end of the
Noachian–requiring on the order of 1–3×109 km3 of melt after
accounting for limited (~10\%) melt
extraction. Thereafter, melting declined, but abundant evidence for
limited geologically recent volcanism necessitates some melt even in the
cool present-day mantle inferred from InSight data. We test models with
two mantle activation energies, and a range of crustal Heat Producing
Element (HPE) enrichment factors and initial core-mantle boundary
temperatures. We also test the effect of including a hemispheric
(spherical harmonic degree-1) step in lithospheric thickness to model
the Martian dichotomy. We find that a higher activation energy (350 kJ
mol−1) rheology produces present-day geotherms consistent with InSight
results, and of those the cases with HPE enrichment factors of 5–10x
produce localized melting near or up to present-day. 10x crustal
enrichment is consistent with both InSight and geochemical results, and
those models also produce present-day geoid power spectra consistent
with Mars. However, it is very difficult to produce sufficient melt to
form Tharsis in a mantle that also matches the present-day geotherm,
without assuming extremely efficient extraction of melt to the surface.
The addition of a degree-1 hemispheric dichotomy, as an equatorial step
in lithospheric thickness, does not significantly improve upon melt
production or the geoid.
Inequalities for the generalized derivative of a complex polynomial
Authors: Bhat F.A. , Rather N.A. , Gulzar S.
Published: December 2023

We extend the well known Bernstein inequality to the generalized derivative
of a polynomial introduced by Sz-Nagy [13] with restricted zeros and obtain
some new inequalities with respect to sup-norm. The obtained results include
some known inequalities of Turan, Malik and Govil as special cases for the
ordinary derivative.
Influence of temperature and beam size on weld track shape in laser powder bed fusion of pure copper using near-infrared laser system
Authors: Bauch Alexander , Herzog Dirk
Published: December 2023

Additive manufacturing of copper using laser powder bed fusion enables the production of highly complex components with excellent heat and electrical conductivity. However, the processing of copper by means of near-infrared laser radiation, which is commonly used, is challenging due to its high reflectivity. Nevertheless, it has been demonstrated that high densities and electrical conductivities can be achieved using high-power laser systems. In order to process pure copper with reliable quality with different machines, it is essential to understand the conditions at which a continuous weld track is formed. For this purpose, weld tracks with varying laser power and scan speeds were welded on a copper substrate plate with an applied powder layer. The preheating temperature of the substrate plate and the beam size were varied to test different process conditions. The melt pool depths and widths were measured, and a relationship was elaborated. Based on these results, cube samples with discrete weld tracks on top were manufactured. The melt pool depth was measured and compared with the predicted melt pool depth to investigate the transferability of the elaborated relationship from the substrate to process conditions. It was found that with rising preheating temperature and for larger beam diameters at the same peak intensity, the weld width and weld depths increase. Furthermore, continuous weld tracks formed reliably in the keyhole welding regime. A good agreement between the weld depth of weld tracks on the substrate and the elaborated relationship was revealed. However, the weld tracks were shallower than predicted.
Data resource profile: the Edinburgh Child Protection Dataset - a new linked administrative data source of children referred to Child Protection paediatric services in Edinburgh, Scotland
Authors: Marryat Louise , Stephen Jacqueline , Mok Jacqueline , Vincent Sharon , Kirk Charlotte , Logie Lindsay , Devaney John , Wood Rachael
Published: December 2023

IntroductionChild maltreatment affects a substantial number of children. However current evidence relies on either longitudinal studies, which are complex and resource-intensive, or linked data studies based on social services data, which is arguably the tip of the iceberg in terms of children who are maltreated. Reliable, linked, population-level data on children referred to services due to suspected abuse or neglect will increase our ability to examine risk factors for, and outcomes following, abuse and neglect.
ObjectiveThe objective of this project was to create a linkable population level dataset, The Edinburgh Child Protection Dataset (ECPD), comprising all children referred to the Edinburgh Child Protection Paediatric healthcare team due to a concern about their welfare between 1995 and 2015.
MethodsThe paper presents the process for creating the dataset. The analyses provide examples of available data from the main referrals dataset between 1995 and 2011 (where data quality was highest).
Results19,969 referrals were captured, relating to 11,653 children. Of the 19,969 referrals, a higher proportion were girls (54%), although boys were referred for physical abuse more often than girls (41% versus 30%). Younger children were more likely to be referred for physical abuse (35% of 0-4 year olds vs. 27% 15+): older children were more likely to be referred for sexual abuse (48% of 15+ years vs. 18% of 0-4 years). Most referrals came from social workers (46%) or police (31%).
ConclusionsThe ECPD offers a unique insight into the characteristics of referrals to child protection paediatric services over a key period in the history of child protection in Scotland. It is hoped that by making these data available to researchers, and able to be easily linked with both mother and child current and future health records, evidence will be created to better support maltreated children and monitor changes over time.
Impact of Shellac and Gum Arabic in Shoe Polish Formulation based on Karanj Oil
Authors: Pandey S. K. , Job M. , Mishra P. K. , Pandey S.
Published: December 2023

The study was conducted from August, 2021 to March, 2022 at the Department of Agricultural Engineering, Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India to develop shoe polish based on Karanj oil and the impact of shellac and gum arabic in its formulation.  The standardized composition of shoe polish was obtained as 3 part oil and one-part bee wax containing other elements like colour pigment, shellac, gum arabic and turpentine oil.  To overcome the problem of colour, sixteen various combinations of shellac and gum arabic were carried out for improvement of colour in each case of black and brown polish. The developed shoe polish was tested for texture, applicability, spreadability, and ease in taking out the material. Colour was recorded with a gloss meter. The highest gloss meter reading i.e. 10.62 GU was recorded in the case of a black shoe polish containing shellac and gum arabic each weighing 0.75 g whereas a sample containing 1.25 g shellac and gum arabic each showed the lowest gloss reading of 3.88 GU.  In the case of brown polish, the highest gloss meter reading i.e. 5.24 GU was recorded in the case of a sample containing shellac and gum arabic weighing 1.25 g each, and the lowest was observed in the case of the sample containing shellac weighing 0.5g and gum arabic weighing 0.75 g. Based on gloss value and sensory evaluation, the developed sample was found very near to standard brand shoe polish (Cherry) except that it gave an oily appearance initially.
Epidemiological Dynamics of Xanthomonas xonopodis pv. phaseoli in French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris): Unraveling the Factors Governing Bacterial Blight Pathogenesis
Authors: Suchita S. , Kansal S. , Sharma R. , Parwan S.
Published: December 2023

The study was conducted during May, 2020 to June, 2021 in the Department of Plant Pathology Laboratory of Dr. Y.S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, located in Solan district of Himachal Pradesh, India to study the role of various epidemiological parameters on the development of common bacterial blight of French bean. The diseased samples were collected and the pathogen was isolated and purified on Luria Bertani (LB) agar plates. The pathogenicity test was performed on the potted plants as well as on the detached leaves using carborundum abrasion and pin prick method of inoculation. The incubation period on potted plants using carborundum abrasion and pin prick method revealed the initial symptoms after 117.60 h and 120.30 h, respectively, while on detached leaves they were visible after 72.30 h and 84.50 h of inoculation, respectively. Further to study the effect of different epidemiological factors on disease development, the leaves inoculated using carborundum abrasion  were subjected to four temperature levels, five relative humidity levels and five different durations of leaf wetness under controlled conditions in relative humidity cum temperature control cabinet. The observations were recorded at different intervals and the data revealed that the pathogen caused severe symptoms on the leaves with high apparent rate of infection under 30°C temperature, 100% RH and a maximum of 24 h of leaf wetness. It was observed that the severity of disease decreased as the temperature raised from 30°C and increased with the rise in RH levels and leaf wetness duration.
Retos para la educación musical en la escuela secundaria. Violencia de género, adolescencia y canción
Authors: Navarrete Ochoa Elsa Cristina , Xeque Morales Ángel Salvador
Published: December 2023

Avanzar en disminuir la violencia de género es un imperativo para las sociedades actuales, lo cual implica la toma de acciones concretas para el sector educativo. En tal sentido, este estudio se realizó con el propósito de problematizar la función social de la educación musical en el nivel de educación básica secundaria general ante el marco de los programas de la Nueva Escuela Mexicana 2022 con el fin de contribuir a la disminución de estas formas de violencia. Las preguntas formuladas indagan en las características estilísticas y temáticas de la canción de gusto adolescente y las representaciones de la feminidad y masculinidad expresadas en estas. La investigación es de corte cualitativo y empleó un cuestionario exprofeso a partir del cual se realizó un análisis desde los enfoques interpretativos de la estadística descriptiva y otro subsecuente desde la perspectiva de género. Se identificó que en el discurso cantando acerca del género y lo amoroso la perspectiva narrativa es de prevalencia masculina; además, sus relatos reproducen las asimetrías de la jerarquización patriarcal muchas veces con relatos violentos que naturalizan la cosificación de las mujeres, el consumo de drogas y el enriquecimiento ilícito. Se concluye que los programas del plan de estudio para la educación preescolar, primaria y secundaria 2022 en México facilitan la inclusión de la canción como contenido de aprendizaje en una articulación reflexiva que promueva la construcción de herramientas conceptuales para un consumo cultural crítico que se considera impostergable.
Finanças pessoais: um estudo envolvendo os alunos do curso de Ciências Contábeis
Authors: Santos Lorrana Vitoreto dos , Altoé Stella Maris Lima
Published: December 2023

O objetivo do estudo é analisar a capacidade de planejamento e gestão das finanças pessoais dos alunos de Ciências Contábeis da Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO), no Campus Santa Cruz. Para o desenvolvimento deste estudo, realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa. A amostra compreendeu 152 acadêmicos do curso de Ciências Contábeis, e os dados foram submetidos a estatística descritiva, análise de variância (Anova) e regressão linear. Os achados indicam que ter filhos reflete de forma significativa na preferência ao crédito. Com relação ao gerenciamento de receitas e despesas e visão de curto prazo, verificou-se que os lares que possuem mais pessoas apresentam uma relação significativa. Observou-se que os grupos familiares em que a renda varia de R$ 3.001,00 a R$ 5.200,00 possuem uma relação significativa na visão de curto prazo desses acadêmicos, assim, infere-se que o planejamento é direcionado apenas para o curto prazo.
Hey Google!: Can IPA improve L2 Learners' Willingness to Communicate?
Authors: Priyanto Rian Adi , Ramadan Nisrina Fauziah
Published: December 2023

The willingness and determination to engage in communication can result in real communication actions, which, in turn, contribute to improved oral proficiency. As digital media and communication technologies continue to advance rapidly, EFL students are becoming more engaged in practising English through various digital platforms. Recent research has been conducted to examine the connection between second language willingness to communicate (L2 WTC) and these digital language learning experiences. The recent study aims to address the use of Google Assistant as an intelligent personal assistant in providing the learning and practice of speaking for EFL learners to speak English fluently. Specifically, the recent objective is to analyse the implementation of Google Assistant in enhancing their willingness to communicate in the target language.
IMPLEMENTASI METODE SAS (STRUKTUR, ANALITIS, DAN SINTESIS) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN TARI JATI LARAS DI SANGGAR RSTUDIO KOTA CILEGON BANTEN
Authors: Putri Vivi Anggita , Permanasari Alis Triena , Lestari Dwi Junianti
Published: December 2023

Sanggar adalah sarana atau tempat pelatihan guna melakukan sebuah kegiatan yang dimanfaatkan suatu kelompok ataupun komunitas dan merupakan pendidikan yang masuk ke dalam jenis nonformal. Misalnya sanggar tari yang menawarkan pelatihan dan pendidikan tari, serta mengembangkan kesenian tari. Sanggar tari yang melakukan pelatihan dan pendidikan kesenian tari mendalami dan mengeksplorasi tari-tarian yang sudah ada, mulai berwujud tari klasik, tari modern, hingga tari kreasi. Salah satu sanggar yang unik dalam metode pembelajarannya yaitu sanggar RStudio. Sanggar ini memiliki prestasi yang cukup baik dan dalam pembelajarannya menggunakan metode SAS (Struktur, Analitis, dan Sintesis) Tari Jati laras merupakan tarian yang beberapa sumbernya mengambil dari gerakan silat. Penenlitian ini menggunakan Metode SAS dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Data didapatkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil menunjukkan Proses pembelajaran Tari Jati Laras di Sanggar RStudio menerapkan metode SAS (Struktur, Analitis, dan Sintesis) yang membagi pelaksanaan pembelajaran menjadi 3 bagian yaitu: kegiatan awal, kegiatan inti, dan kegiatan penutup. Terdapat beberapa faktor pendukung dalam proses pembelajaran tari yaitu dalam pembelajaran siswa guru menjalankan perannya sehingga pelaksanaan dapat berjalan secara optimal, siswa dan guru akan berkerjasama dalam menjalin interaksi pada proses pembelajaran, metode yang digunakan oleh guru juga menjadi faktor pendukung dalam proses pembelajaran agar tercapai tujuan pembelajaran. adapun faktor penghambat dari pembelajaran yaitu keterampilan gerak dan daya ingat siswa yang berbeda-beda dan fasilitas ruangan yang diperlukan kurang memadai.
The antimicrobial study of white turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria) extracted using deep euthectic solvent (DES) and ultrasonication
Authors:   Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University Prima Indonesia, Medan-20118, Indonesia, Agung Soripada Timotius , Tandanu Erny , Ikhtiari Refi
Published: December 2023

This research is prompted by the emergence of various cases of infectious diseases and antibiotic resistance that often occur and the development of the latest research methods in the field of medicinal plants. One of the medicinal plants that is often used is Curcuma zedoaria which is generally extracted using conventional solvents. This research aims to find new innovations in the extraction process of medicinal plants. This research is a laboratory experiment carried out in vitro. This research uses the latest solvent, called DES (Deep Eutectic Solvent) with the help of ultrasonication to extract active compounds from C. zedoaria as a natural anti-bacterial. DES is known as an environmentally friendly solvent, cheap, easy to make, and is still relatively new in Indonesia. The C. zedoaria extraction process uses two types of DES solvent composition assisted by a ultrasonicator. The research results show that: White turmeric extract (C. zedoaria) obtained by extraction using DES solvent and ultrasonication. Ultrasonication results using 30%, 70% and 100% DES solvent showed antimicrobial properties against Escherichia coli with a lower zone of inhibition compared to the antibiotic ciprofloxacin. Ultrasonication results using 30%, 70% and 100% DES solvent showed antimicrobial properties against Staphylococcus aureus with a lower zone of inhibition compared to ciprofloxacin. TLC data shows that the white turmeric extract obtanined contains various antimicrobial substances which allows to inhibit each other to such an extent that their activity is lower than ciprofloxacin.
Development of ethnoscience-based student worksheets of redox reactions, volta cells, and corrosion using liveworksheets
Authors:   Department of Chemistry Education, Universitas Sanata Dharma, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia, Vinca Rosea Cristy Liana , Ditawati Nur Pamenang Fransisca
Published: December 2023

Learning about ethnoscience can help students better understand chemistry because it connects to their daily experiences. However, students often struggle with redox and electrochemical concepts due to a lack of appropriate learning materials and difficulty grasping these ideas. This research aims to achieve the following objectives: (1) develop ethnoscience-based student worksheets on redox reactions, Volta cells, and corrosion using Liveworksheets, following the 4D development model modified to 3D; (2) create ethnoscience-based student worksheets on these topics that are valid, effective, and practical. The research employed validation sheets and questionnaires as instruments, with a sample of six students from the 12th grade. Data was analyzed descriptively. The results indicate that (1) the modified 4D development model was suitable for creating the student worksheets due to its systematic stages and adaptability to researchers' needs; (2) both the media and material showed high validity percentages, averaging 88% and 89%, respectively. The worksheets were considered quite effective, with an average percentage of 66%, and practical, with an average percentage of 78%. Overall, the developed product can be effectively used to teach redox reactions, voltaic cells, and corrosion in chemistry using Liveworksheets.
ANALISA BALANCING BMS (BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) PADA PENGISIAN BATERAI LITHIUM-ION TIPE INR 18650 DENGAN METODE CUT OFF
Authors: Hilal Yusuf Nurul , Muliandhi Puri , Ardina Elfira Nureza
Published: December 2023

Baterai lithium-ion merupakan salah satu jenis baterai yang banyak digunakan pada kendaraan listrik maupun perangkat elektronik dimasa kini, karena memiliki performa yang baik dengan densitas energi lebih tinggi dan umur pakai panjang. Penelitian ini menggunakan baterai dengan jenis lithium-ion tipe INR 18650 3.7volt 2500mAh dengan bahan lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (LiNiCoAlO2). Jumlah baterai adalah 15 sel, dengan total kapasitas yang terpasang pada BMS sebesar 11.1 volt 12500 mAh. Lama waktu pengisian baterai dari kondisi low voltage (8.8v) sampai kondis high voltage (12.8v) memakan waktu selama 7 jam, dengan tegangan input 12v.Sistem cut off low voltage dan high voltage berhasil dilakukan BMS, dengan sistem proteksi yang memutus aliran pengisian ketika baterai sudah mencapai kondisi high yaitu 4.2v, dan memutus aliran pengurasan ketika baterai berada pada kondisi low yaitu 2.8v. Sistem balancing BMS berhasil melakukan penyeimbangan tegangan pada semua sel baterai ketika dilakukan pengisian, hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan pengukuran menggunakan multimeter kepada 15 sel baterai dalam kondisi penuh yaitu mengasilkan pembacaan tegangan sebesar 4.2v.
Comparative Analysis of OLSR and DSR Routing Protocol Performance on Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET)
Authors: Safrianti Ery , Sari Linna Oktaviana , Romadan Ahmad , Feranita Feranita
Published: December 2023

Communication between vehicles is essential in increasing comfort and safety for drivers and passengers. Technology advancements offer a new concept: the Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET). The VANET network allows vehicles on the road to communicate directly with other vehicles while moving and without using the fixed infrastructure. A routing protocol is needed to facilitate communication in the network. Routing protocols are used to find routes between nodes to send messages to each other and forward packets along the selected route. In this study, a comparative analysis of the performance of the topology-based routing protocols will be carried out: Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) and Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) on VANET with a case study of urban road scenarios. Both protocols are simulated using Network Simulator 2 (NS-2) with a scenario of changing the number of nodes. The two protocols were compared and analyzed from the parameters of packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, routing overhead, throughput, packet loss, and collision rate. Based on the simulation results, the overall DSR routing protocol has a better performance value with an average Packet delivery ratio of 99.92%, End-to-end delay of 0.0894 ms, Routing overhead of 1,000 ms, the throughput of 261.55 kbps, Packet loss of 0.0778% and collision rate 1.8770. While the OLSR routing protocol has an average value of Packet delivery ratio of 99.89%, End-to-end delay of 0.0878 ms, Routing overhead of 1,000 ms, throughput of 230.27 kbps, Packet loss of 0.1007%, and collision rate of 1.6687.
Presentación del dosier "Teoría crítica y crisis: construcciones intelectuales frente a las crisis históricas"
Authors: Belforte María , García Chicote Francisco
Published: December 2023

Presentación del dosier: "Teoría crítica y crisis: construcciones intelectuales frente a las crisis históricas"
O sionismo como postura intelectual e projeto político: uma aproximação da perspectiva palestina
Authors: Aguiar Cotrim Ana
Published: December 2023

Este artigo se divide em duas partes. Na primeira, aborda os princípios centrais do sionismo como elaboração intelectual que responde negativamente à questão judaica na Europa. Argumenta que o caráter negativo desse ideário reside na comunhão de fundamentos com o problema mesmo a que pretende responder, o antissemitismo; bem como se alinha a uma perspectiva imperialista, colonial e racista em dois sentidos, particularmente europeia. Para isso, baseia-se nas concepções de autores fundadores do ideário sionista e do sionismo político, Moses Hess e Theodor Herzl, e de autores que examinam criticamente tanto a concepção teórica como a realização política do sionismo, isto é, a colonização da Palestina e a fundação do Estado de Israel. Na segunda parte, apresento a novela Retorno a Haifa, de Ghassan Kanafani, que contribui para concretizar o sentido colonial e intrinsecamente racista do projeto sionista e sua realização prática. O texto se insere na questão da tomada de posição diante de um problema social.
De la síntesis a la crítica: tensiones y desplazamientos en la sociología latinoamericana. Una historia de dos congresos (ISA, 1966-ALAS, 1969)
Authors: Trovero Juan Ignacio
Published: December 2023

El artículo pone el foco en el debate teóricoepistemológico suscitado durante la década de 1960 en la sociología latinoamericana, en torno a la concepción y función social de la sociología como ciencia. Para ello, analiza en clave comparativa una serie de documentos producidos por los sociólogos Gino Germani y Pablo González Casanova en torno a dos importantes congresos: el VI ISA World Congress of Sociology (Evian, 1966) y el IX Congreso de la Asociación Latinoamericana de Sociología (México, 1969). El objetivo del artículo es echar luz sobre las tensiones y desplazamientos que atravesaban por aquel entonces buena parte de la sociología latinoamericana en el marco más general de la “crisis de la sociología”, y que desembocaron en una reorientación teórico-epistemológica de sus principales líneas. Se sostiene que la concepción de la disciplina como una “ciencia para la intervención social” (o “sociología científica”) fue perdiendo terreno frente a una perspectiva orientada hacia la “transformación social” (o una “sociología en y de la crisis latinoamericana”), lo que no supuso una completa negación de la primera, sino una forma de superación crítica.
Direitos humanos e teoria crítica
Authors: Costa Ana Beatriz Motta , Casalino Vinicius Gomes
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo mostra como as mulheres foram tratadas na transição do feudalismo para o capitalismo e como isso impactou diretamente a vida social, política e econômica delas, quando equiparadas aos direitos que os homens tinham. Mostra, ainda, como foram colocadas à própria sorte, pois até mesmo o Estado incentivou métodos e mecanismos  para que fossem cada vez mais exploradas e dominadas. A esse respeito, o artigo conclui  que a luta das mulheres transcende o continente Europeu, pois com a chegada da escravidão ao novo mundo, outras lutas foram travadas para que conseguissem se estabelecer e assegurar seus direitos. Para mais, o método utilizado no presente artigo foi o hipotético dedutivo, porque analisou informações já existentes para se chegar a uma conclusão, utilizando-se livros, artigos, publicações.
Carbenes trapping on Aluminum-Magnesium surface implanted with Silicon, Germanium, Tin: Promising of semiconductors by molecular modeling approach
Authors: Mollaamin Fatemeh , Monajjemi Majid
Published: December 2023

Al-Mg surface doped silicon, germanium and tin is theoretically studied using first-principles density functional theory (DFT) at the CAM-B3LYP/EPR-III, LANL2DZ,6-31+G(d,p) level of theory to explore the chemical adsorption and corrosion inhibition of organic carbenes through coating process. The fluctuation of NQR is estimated the inhibiting role of pyridine and its derivatives (picoline, 3-picoline,4-picoline,2,4-lutidine) for (Si, Ge, Sn)-doped Al-Mg alloy nanosheet due to concerning nitrogen in the benzene ring of related heterocyclic compounds becoming close to the monolayer nanosurface of Al-Mg-X (X = Si, Ge, Sn) nanoalloys. The NMR spectroscopy remarks that (Si, Ge, Sn)-doped Al-Mg alloy nanosheet has maximum band wavelengths approximately between 10 ppm–2000 ppm accompanying the sharpest peaks for inhibitors → Al-Mg-X which are between 10 ppm–100 ppm. IR spectroscopy has exhibited that (Si, Ge, Sn)-doped Al-Mg alloy nanosheet with the fluctuation in the frequency of intra-atomic interaction leads us to the most influence in the vicinage atoms generated due to inter-atomic interaction. The maximum IR spectrum for complexes of [inhibitor → Al-Mg-X (X = Si, Ge, Sn)] is observed in the frequency range between 500 cm−1–3500 cm−1. This work exhibits that proper monitoring of the coating mechanism by Langmuir adsorption can illustrate inhibiting the aluminum nanoalloys corrosion through an investigation of their structural and thermodynamic properties. This work investigates the characteristics, band structure, and projected density of state (PDOS) of Al-Mg nanoalloy doped with Si, Ge, Sn elements for increasing the corrosion inhibition of the surface through adsorption of organic molecules of carbenes in the surface coatings process. This article can be helpful in a range of applications which uses Al-Mg alloy for the study of energy storage and adsorption of air pollution or water contamination. Many different approaches such as surface coatings, alloying and doping can be adopted to protect the surface.
Exploring Learner Acceptance of ChatGPT for Educational Utilization: Focusing on the Structural Relationships Among Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, Attitude, and Intention to Continuously Use
Authors:   Korea Univ. Institute of Educational Research, Jeong Hanho
Published: December 2023

In this study, based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), we explored learners' intention to continuously use ChatGPT, which is utilized for educational purposes. In this research, variables such as perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and attitude were extracted as predictors of learners' intention to continuously use ChatGPT, and the structural relationships among these variables were examined. The study collected data from 267 learners who were enrolled in undergraduate and graduate programs at universities in the metropolitan area and validated the relationships among variables using structural equation modeling. Through this study, we were able to identify the impact of key TAM variables, perceived usefulness, and attitude on learners' intention to continuously use ChatGPT. The results showed that perceived usefulness had the most significant direct and indirect impact on learners' continuous use intention. Secondly, perceived ease of use, a core TAM variable, was found to have limited direct impact on continuous use intention for ChatGPT; however, it had an indirect impact through perceived usefulness and attitude. Thirdly, learners' experiences of using ChatGPT in their daily lives significantly moderated their intention to continuously use it for educational purposes. However, learners' gender was not found to significantly moderate the relationships among ‘perceived ease of use, attitude, perceived usefulness’ and the dependent variable ‘continuous use intention.’ Finally, the study discusses the results and derives implications for the educational use of ChatGPT in higher education.
Analysis of the Experiences of Azerbaijani Teachers Who Participated in Korean Education ODA Teacher Training
Authors:   Korea Univ. Institute of Educational Research, Lee Min-Kyung , Lee Yehyang
Published: December 2023

This paper uses a qualitative paradigm to analyze the experiences and meanings of Azerbaijani teachers who participated in an online-based training organized by KOICA's Education Official Development Assistance (ODA) project. In other words, the study aimed to explore how Azerbaijani teacher training, designed as a learner-participatory program based on Azerbaijani educational cultural characteristics, is experienced and meaningful to Azerbaijani teachers in the source country and to discuss implications for Korean education ODA, which is strengthening its role as a donor country. To this end, in-depth online individual interviews were conducted with 38 Azerbaijani teachers, and the results are presented using the ‘analysis thematique’ method, which categorizes key interview findings into themes. As a result of the study, the narratives of Azerbaijani teachers who participated in KOICA's education ODA can be categorized as 1) improving their self-efficacy in teaching practice, 2) reconstructing their perceptions of teaching and learning, 3) reconstructing their future education and teacher identity, and 4) aspiring to spread their training effectiveness and join international teacher networks. Based on these findings, implications for Korea's education ODA are presented.
Complexidade econômica da pauta exportadora e influências na economia de municípios do Sul de Minas
Authors: Portugal Júnior Pedro dos Santos , Frogeri Rodrigo Franklin , Piurcosky Fabrício Pelloso , Carvalho Eduardo Gomes
Published: December 2023

A relação entre a base de exportação de um território e a complexidade econômica dos produtos exportados podem contribuir para a compreensão da sua dinâmica econômica. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo busca analisar as influências da pauta exportadora no Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) e no rendimento médio do setor formal nos cinco maiores municípios do Sul de Minas (Extrema, Poços de Caldas, Pouso Alegre, Varginha e Itajubá). Para alcançar o objetivo proposto foi adotada uma abordagem quantitativa, lógica hipotética-dedutiva e epistemologia positivista. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, análise de variância e regressão linear. Os resultados apontaram que nos municípios cuja base exportadora é mais diversificada e composta por produtos de complexidade econômica positiva a exportação possui alta correlação significativa e positiva com o PIB e o rendimento médio. Demonstra-se assim a importância da complexidade e diversificação da base de exportação para a economia dos municípios.
Palavras-chave: Base de exportação. Índice de complexidade econômica. Rendimento médio. Desenvolvimento regional.
A new species of Galendromimus Muma (Acari: Phytoseiidae) from the Caatinga biome, Brazil
Authors: Silva Lídia Rafaele Almeida , Gondim Jr. Manoel Guedes Correa , Demite Peterson Rodrigo
Published: December 2023

A new species of Galendromimus Muma is described based on specimens (females and males) collected from Caatinga biome, Brazil. An identification key is provided for the separation of Galendromimini species of the world.
Comparison of the Serum Protein Electrophoretic Pattern and Concentrations of Acute Phase Proteins in Bitches with and Without Mammary Gland Tumors
Authors: Tóthová Csilla , Valenčáková Alexandra , Horňáková Ľubica , Nagy Oskar
Published: December 2023

Alterations in the serum protein pattern may be associated with many diseases, including neoplastic processes. In veterinary medicine, these changes are poorly understood. Therefore, this study was aimed at the analysis of the distribution of blood serum protein fractions separated by agarose gel electrophoresis, and at the determination of the concentrations of main acute phase proteins in bitches with mammary gland neoplasia. The evaluation was conducted on twelve female dogs with palpable single or multiple nodules in the parenchyma of the mammary gland and on ten tumor-free clinically healthy bitches to compare the possible differences in the obtained results. Blood serum was used to perform agarose gel electrophoresis of the main blood serum protein fractions and to analyze the concentrations of total serum proteins and the following canine acute phase proteins: serum amyloid A, haptoglobin, C-reactive protein and α1-acid glycoprotein. The concentrations of total serum proteins were slightly higher in bitches with mammary gland tumors. Serum protein electrophoresis showed lower mean concentrations of albumin and α1-globulins in the affected dogs, while the concentrations of α2-and β1-globulins were significantly higher (P=0.0032 and P=0.0021, respectively) compared to dogs without mammary gland tumors. In the concentrations of acute phase proteins, significantly higher mean concentrations of C-reactive protein and haptoglobin were obtained in dogs with mammary tumors (P=0.0025 and P=0.0002, respectively). The values of α1-acid glycoprotein did not vary markedly between the bitches with and without mammary tumors. Presented data suggest that neoplastic processes in the mammary gland may also alter the electrophoretic pattern of blood serum proteins and induce changes in the production of some inflammatory proteins.
Considerations Regarding the Ergonomics of the Vehicle Interior
Authors: Căşeriu Bianca , Blaga Petruța
Published: December 2023

The evolution of the vehicle industry, as well as the sudden increase in competition between manufacturing companies, dictates the increase in the obligations of manufacturers to meet the increasingly complex requirements of users, in terms of ergonomics, comfort, safety, as well as environmental protection. Researchers have investigated the factors influencing the ergonomics of the vehicle interior which is very practical to improve safety and driving performance in addition, it can significantly reduce the development costs and the development cycle of new vehicle concepts, but the concept of ergonomics was not clearly articulated from a human perspective. This study aims to interpret the definition of ergonomics in the context of the interior of the vehicles and also in the study the influencing factors of the ergonomics of the index layer of the human-machine interaction interface, in the central console of the vehicle, are identified. The influencing factors are analyzed by creating and visualizing bibliometric networks in VOSViewer.
Assisted eruption of impacted teeth into an alveolar bone graft in a patient with cleft lip and palate
Authors: Peamkaroonrath Chonthicha , Manosudprasit Montien , Godfrey Keith
Published: December 2023

Aims

To assist the eruption of impacted upper teeth into an alveolar bone graft in a patient with a unilateral cleft lip and palate.

Methods

An 8 year-old Thai boy with left unilateral complete cleft lip and palate had the chief complaint of anterior crossbite. He presented with a mild skeletal 3, dental Class III subdivision malocclusion, anterior crossbite, left unilateral posterior crossbite, moderate crowding in the upper arch with impaction of upper the left lateral incisor (tooth 22) and canine (tooth 23). In the first phase of treatment the posterior crossbite was corrected with a removable appliance with a 3-way screw. In the second phase the impacted teeth were surgically exposed, moved into the alveolar bone graft and the teeth aligned with fixed appliances. The upper left lateral incisor was extracted because of its questionable longevity.

Results

The orthodontic treatment resulted in normal overjet, overbite and an acceptable facial profile. A prosthesis replaced tooth 22.

Conclusions

Forced eruption of impacted teeth can be carried out successfully in the cleft patients after an appropriate treatment plan has been formulated and following preparation of alveolar bone graft in the cleft site.
Effect of adhesive types on enamel discolouration around orthodontic brackets
Authors: Jahanbin Arezoo , Ameri Hamideh , Khaleghimoghaddam Rokhsareh
Published: December 2023

Background

Unsightly colour changes may occur in the enamel around bonded orthodontic brackets.

Aim

To determine the enamel colour changes around orthodontic brackets bonded with different adhesives.

Methods

One hundred extracted upper first premolars were divided into five equal groups. Fiducial holes were drilled in the buccal and palatal surfaces of the teeth and metal orthodontic brackets were bonded to the buccal surfaces with different combinations of adhesives and primers. The teeth were immersed in a tea-coffee solution for one week. The brackets were then debonded and the teeth polished. The colour of the enamel surface was measured around each fiducial hole before bonding (baseline), after debonding and after polishing. The colour differences (ΔE) were compared using one-way ANOVA and the paired t-test.

Results

There were no significant differences between the five adhesive groups in baseline-debonding ΔE and baselinepolishing ΔE, but statistically significant differences were found between the baseline-debonding ΔE on the buccal and palatal surfaces and the baseline-debonding ΔE versus baseline-polishing ΔE on the buccal surfaces. Although statistically significant, the colour changes would not be visible to many observers. Approximately 75 per cent of the staining was attributed to the enamel components.

Conclusions

The type of adhesive and the methods of application had no effect on enamel colour change. Most of the colour change was attributed to uptake of stain by the components of the enamel, not the resin tags.
Perception of pain and discomfort during tooth separation
Authors: Nalbantgil Didem , Cakan Derya Germec , Oztoprak M. Oguz , Arun Tülin
Published: December 2023

Objectives

To evaluate patients’ perceptions of pain and discomfort during tooth separation and to compare the effectiveness of brass wire and elastomeric separators.

Methods

The participants were 87 adults with a mean age of 22.1 ± 1.9 years. Elastomeric and brass wire separators were inserted mesial and distal to upper right (elastomeric separators) and upper left first molars (brass wire separators) in each subject. After seven days, the amount of tooth separation was measured with a leaf gauge, and pain perception and discomfort were evaluated with a visual analogue scale and questionnaire.

Results

The elastomeric separators produced significantly more separation than the wire separators. There was a statistically significant difference in the subjects’ perceptions of pain and discomfort at rest and during chewing between the different separators (p < 0.001). In general, the brass wire separators caused the greatest pain and discomfort immediately after insertion. Pain from the wire separators subsided over seven days, whereas elastomeric separators caused the greatest pain on the first two days after insertion. Eating was negatively influenced by the separation in 61 per cent of the subjects on the first day. On the other hand, other daily activities were affected minimally.

Conclusions

The different levels of pain and discomfort caused by these separators, together with their advantages and disadvantages, can help the clinician to choose an appropriate separator. Patients should be warned that pain due to separation may affect their chewing, social life, school work and sleeping. Analgesics and soft food are recommended following placement of separators.
Cytotoxicity of orthodontic separating elastics
Authors: Pithon Matheus Melo , dos Santos Rogério Lacerda , Martins Fernanda Otaviano , Romanos Maria Teresa Villela , de Souza Araújo Mônica Tirre
Published: December 2023

Background

Separating elastics may be cytotoxic to the interdental gingival tissues. Both latex and non-latex separating elastics are widely used and both types should be biocompatible.

Objective

To determine if latex and non-latex orthodontic separating elastics are cytotoxic.

Methods

The cytotoxicity of natural latex (Groups A, D and O) and non-latex (Group M) orthodontic separating elastics were determined by incubating 15 elastics of each type in Eagle’s essential medium (MEM), removing the supernatant after 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours and adding it to cultures of L-929 mouse fibroblasts in growth medium (MEM plus glutamine, garamicine, fungizone, sodium bicarbonate, buffered saline and foetal calf serum). To verify the cell response in extreme situations, three additional groups were included: Group CC (cell control), consisting of L-929 cells not exposed to supernatants from the maintenance medium with the elastics; Group C+ (positive control), consisting of Tween 80; Group C- (negative control), consisting of phosphate buffered saline solution. The positive and negative controls were incubated in MEM maintenance medium for 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours and the extracted elutes were added to L-929 line cells incubated in the growth medium. The viability of the cells was determined with neutral red (dye-uptake method) at 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours. The data were analysed with the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s multiple comparison test. The significance level was p ≤ 0.05.

Results

The elastics in Groups A, D and O induced greater cell lysis at 72 hours compared to the other experimental times. There were statistically significant differences between the cytotoxicity of the elastics in Groups A, D and O in relation to Group CC for experimental times of 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours (p > 0.05). There was not, however, a statistically significant difference between Groups D and CC at 24 hours.

Conclusion

The latex and non-latex orthodontic separating elastics tested were considered to be biocompatible.
Assessment of slot sizes in self-ligating brackets using electron microscopy
Authors: Bhalla Nidhi B. , Good Sarah A. , McDonald Fraser , Sherriff Martyn , Cash Alex C.
Published: December 2023

Objective

To measure the slot dimensions of 0.022 inch self-ligating upper central incisor brackets from six manufacturers using electron microscopy, to compare the measured dimensions with the manufacturers’ published dimensions, and to determine if the walls of the slots were parallel.

Materials

Six self-ligating upper central incisor brackets from four manufacturers (SmartClip and Clarity SL, 3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA; Speed, Strite Industries Ontario, Canada; Damon MX, Ormco, Orange, CA, USA; In-Ovation R and In-Ovation C, Dentsply GAC, Bohemia NY, USA) were imaged with a scanning electron microscope and the slots heights measured. Intra-operator repeatability and accuracy were determined.

Results

All brackets had slot sizes that were significantly larger (p < 0.05) than the stated 0.022 inch. Speed brackets were 5.1 per cent larger (0.02311 inch) and the closest to the published dimension. The SmartClip brackets were 14.8 per cent larger (0.02526 inch) than the quoted slot size of 0.022 inch. In most brackets the distances between the slot walls was generally greater further from the bracket bases.

Conclusions

The actual measurements of upper central incisor self-ligating brackets from six manufacturers were larger than the manufacturers’ stated dimension, and the walls of the slots diverged from the bracket bases.
Associations between upper lip activity and incisor position
Authors: Kilic Nihat
Published: December 2023

Background

Muscle activity in the upper lip may influence the positions of the upper and lower incisors.

Objective

To determine the associations between muscle activity in the upper lip and the inclinations of the incisors, overjet and overbite.

Methods

Forty-five subjects (29 girls, 16 boys), between 11 and 15 years of age with predominantly Class I malocclusion, were used. The inclinations of the incisors, overjet and overbite were measured on lateral cephalometric radiographs. Bipolar electrodes were placed on the upper lip to record the activity in orbicularis oris muscle at rest, during maximal clenching, chewing hazelnuts and swallowing. Correlation coefficients between the cephalometric variables and the electromyographic (EMG) activity in the upper lip were calculated.

Results

There was no gender difference in the EMG activity in the upper lip. There were no statistically significant associations between the EMG activities in the upper lip and the inclinations of the incisors, overjet and overbite.

Conclusions

The positions of the incisors do not appear to be influenced by muscle activity in the upper lip.
Multidisciplinary treatment of a fractured root: a case report
Authors: Cuoghi Osmar Aparecido , Bosco Álvaro Francisco , de Mendonça Marcos Rogério , Tondelli Pedro Marcelo , Miranda-Zamalloa Yésselin Margot
Published: December 2023

Aim

To describe the orthodontic, periodontal and prosthetic management of a case with a 3 mm root fracture below the crest of the alveolar bone.

Methods

The root was extruded and periodontal surgery carried out to improve aesthetics and dental function.

Conclusion

A multidisciplinary approach to the management of dental root fractures is necessary for successful treatment.