bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
USEEIO v2.0, The US Environmentally-Extended Input-Output Model v2.0
Authors: Ingwersen Wesley W. , Li Mo , Young Ben , Vendries Jorge , Birney Catherine
Published: May 2022

USEEIO v2.0 is an environmental-economic model of US goods and services that can be used for life cycle assessment, footprinting, national prioritization, and related applications. This paper describes the development of the model and accompanies the release of a full model dataset as well as various supporting datasets of national environmental totals by US industry. Novel methodological elements since USEEIO v1 models include waste sector disaggregation, final demand vectors for US consumption and production, a domestic form of the model that can be used to separate domestic and foreign impacts, and price adjustment matrices for converting outputs to purchaser price and in various US dollar years. Improvements in modeling national totals of industry and environmental flows are described. The model is validated through reproduction of national totals from input data sources and through analysis of changes from the most recent complete USEEIO model that can be explained based on data updates or method changes. The model datasets can all be reproduced with open source software packages.
High throughput screen for the improvement of inducible promoters for tumor microenvironment cues
Authors: Sharabi Omri , Greenshpan Yariv , Ofir Noa , Ottolenghi Aner , Levi Tamar , Olender Leonid , Adler-Agmon Zachor , Porgador Angel , Gazit Roi
Published: May 2022

Cancer immunotherapies are highly potent and are gaining wide clinical usage. However, severe side effects require focusing effector immune cell activities on the tumor microenvironment (TME). We recently developed a chimeric antigen receptor tumor-induced vector (CARTIV), a synthetic promoter activated by TME factors. To improve CARTIV functions including background, activation levels, and synergism, we screened a library of promoters with variations in key positions. Here, we present a screening method involving turning ON/OFF stimulating TNFα and IFNγ cytokines, followed by sequential cell sorting. Sequencing of enriched promoters identified seventeen candidates, which were cloned and whose activities were then validated, leading to the identification of two CARTIVs with lower background and higher induction. We further combined a third hypoxia element with the two-factor CARTIV, demonstrating additional modular improvement. Our study presents a method of fine-tuning synthetic promoters for desired immunotherapy needs.
Safety and efficacy of therapeutic taping in primary dysmenorrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bandara E. M. I. A. , Kularathne W. N. I. , Brain K. , Weerasekara Ishanka
Published: May 2022

Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is a common gynecological condition among adolescent and adult women. Several pharmacological and alternative therapies (e.g. therapeutic taping) have been used to treat PD, with varying effect. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of therapeutic taping on clinical symptoms of PD, considering pain as the primary outcome. MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase, PEDro, CINAHL and gray literature sources were searched from inception to February 2022 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the effect of therapeutic taping for PD. The language was restricted to English. A total of ten studies were included in the systematic review, involving 685 participants. Eight studies were included in quantitative analysis. The quality of the studies ranged from 4 to 7 with a median of 5 as assessed by PEDro scale. Meta-analyses indicated short-term improvements of pain compared to sham and no interventions. Elastic therapeutic taping (ETT) indicated short term improvements in anxiety associated with PD. Moderate to high quality of evidence suggested that ETT is an effective intervention in improving pain, anxiety, and quality of life of women with PD. A scarcity of evidence on the long-term effects of therapeutic taping in PD is observed.
New therizinosaurid dinosaur from the marine Osoushinai Formation (Upper Cretaceous, Japan) provides insight for function and evolution of therizinosaur claws
Authors: Kobayashi Yoshitsugu , Takasaki Ryuji , Fiorillo Anthony R. , Chinzorig Tsogtbaatar , Hikida Yoshinori
Published: May 2022

The record of therizinosaurs is rich in Asian countries such as Mongolia and China. Fragmentary therizinosaur specimens have been reported from the Lower and Upper Cretaceous deposits in Japan. One of these specimens, from the lower Campanian Osoushinai Formation in Nakagawa Town of Hokkaido Prefecture, was previously identified as a maniraptoran theropod dinosaur, possibly therizinosaur, but its taxonomic status remained unresolved. This study re-examines the specimen and provides a more detailed description and attempts to resolve its taxonomic status. Our study demonstrates that it is a new taxon, Paralitherizinosaurus japonicus gen. et sp. nov., because it shows a unique combination of characters in the metacarpal I and unguals. Our phylogenetic analysis places this new taxon within an unresolved clade of Therizinosauridae in the strict consensus tree. The 50% majority-rule consensus tree shows better resolution within Therizinosauridae, showing an unresolved monophyletic clade of Paralitherizinosaurus, Therizinosaurus, Suzhousaurus, and the Bissekty form. Geometric morphometric analysis suggests that Paralitherizinosaurus unguals most closely resemble Therizinosaurus unguals in being slender and has weak flexor tubercles. This study also shows an evolutionary trend in ungual shape, which associates a decrease in mechanical advantage, development of flexor tubercle, and hypothesized output (product of mechanical advantage and development of flexor tubercle) in derived therizinosaurs, supporting the hook-and-pull function of claws to bring vegetation to its mouth. Paralitherizinosaurus is the youngest therizinosaur from Japan and the first recovered from the marine deposits in Asia. This suggests a long temporal existence of therizinosaurs at the eastern edge of the Asian continent and adaptation of therizinosaurs to coastal environments.
Mortality prediction of patients in intensive care units using machine learning algorithms based on electronic health records
Authors: Choi Min Hyuk , Kim Dokyun , Choi Eui Jun , Jung Yeo Jin , Choi Yong Jun , Cho Jae Hwa , Jeong Seok Hoon
Published: May 2022

Improving predictive models for intensive care unit (ICU) inpatients requires a new strategy that periodically includes the latest clinical data and can be updated to reflect local characteristics. We extracted data from all adult patients admitted to the ICUs of two university hospitals with different characteristics from 2006 to 2020, and a total of 85,146 patients were included in this study. Machine learning algorithms were trained to predict in-hospital mortality. The predictive performance of conventional scoring models and machine learning algorithms was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). The conventional scoring models had various predictive powers, with the SAPS III (AUROC 0.773 [0.766–0.779] for hospital S) and APACHE III (AUROC 0.803 [0.795–0.810] for hospital G) showing the highest AUROC among them. The best performing machine learning models achieved an AUROC of 0.977 (0.973–0.980) in hospital S and 0.955 (0.950–0.961) in hospital G. The use of ML models in conjunction with conventional scoring systems can provide more useful information for predicting the prognosis of critically ill patients. In this study, we suggest that the predictive model can be made more robust by training with the individual data of each hospital.
Hemodynamic profiling by critical care echocardiography could be more accurate than invasive techniques and help identify targets for treatment
Authors: Schmidt Stefan , Dieks Jana-Katharina , Quintel Michael , Moerer Onnen
Published: May 2022

In this prospective observational study, non-invasive critical care echocardiography (CCE) was used to obtain quantitative hemodynamic parameters in 107 intensive care unit (ICU) patients; the parameters were then visualized in a novel web graph approach to increase the understanding and impact of CCE abnormalities, as an alternative to thermodilution techniques. Visualizing the CCE hemodynamic data in six-dimensional web graph plots was feasible in almost all ICU patients. In 23.1% of patients, significant tricuspid regurgitation prevented correlation between thermodilution techniques and echocardiographic hemodynamics. Two parameters of longitudinal right ventricular function (TAPSE and S’) did not correlate in ICU patients. Clinical surrogate parameters of hemodynamic compromise did not correlate with measured hemodynamics. 26.2% of the patients with mean arterial pressures above 60 mmHg had cardiac indices (CI) below 2.5 L min−1·m−2. A CI below 2.2 L·min−1·m−2 was associated with a significant ICU survival disadvantage. CCE was feasible in addition or as an alternative to thermodilution techniques for the hemodynamic evaluation of ICU patients. Six-dimensional web graph plots visualized the hemodynamic states and were especially useful in conditions in which thermodilution methods were not reliable. Hemodynamic CCE identified patients with previously unknown low CI, which correlated with a higher ICU mortality.
Malayan kraits (Bungarus candidus) show affinity to anthropogenic structures in a human dominated landscape
Authors: Hodges Cameron Wesley , Marshall Benjamin Michael , Hill Jacques George , Strine Colin Thomas
Published: May 2022

Animal movement can impact human–wildlife conflict by influencing encounter and detection rates. We assess the movement and space use of the highly venomous and medically important Malayan krait (Bungarus candidus) on a suburban university campus. We radio-tracked 14 kraits for an average of 114 days (min: 19, max: 218), during which we located individuals an average of 106 times (min: 21, max: 229) each. Most individuals displayed some level of attraction to buildings (n = 10) and natural areas (n = 12); we identified a similar unambiguous pattern of attraction to buildings and natural areas at the population level (of our sample). Snakes remained in shelter sites for long durations (max: 94 days) and revisited sites on average every 15.45 days. Over 50% of locations were within human settlements and 37.1% were associated with buildings. We found generally seasonal patterns of activity, with higher activity in wet seasons, and lower activity in the hot season. These results show frequent proximity between Malayan kraits and humans at the university; thereby, suggesting a near constant potential for human-wildlife conflict. Despite the fact that no snakebites from this species occurred at the university during our study period, substantial education and awareness training should be considered to ensure continued coexistence on campus.
Leveraging machine learning tools and algorithms for analysis of fruit fly morphometrics
Authors: Salifu Daisy , Ibrahim Eric Ali , Tonnang Henri E. Z.
Published: May 2022

Analysis of landmark-based morphometric measurements taken on body parts of insects have been a useful taxonomic approach alongside DNA barcoding in insect identification. Statistical analysis of morphometrics have largely been dominated by traditional methods and approaches such as principal component analysis (PCA), canonical variate analysis (CVA) and discriminant analysis (DA). However, advancement in computing power creates a paradigm shift to apply modern tools such as machine learning. Herein, we assess the predictive performance of four machine learning classifiers; K-nearest neighbor (KNN), random forest (RF), support vector machine (the linear, polynomial and radial kernel SVMs) and artificial neural network (ANNs) on fruit fly morphometrics that were previously analysed using PCA and CVA. KNN and RF performed poorly with overall model accuracy lower than “no-information rate” (NIR) (p value > 0.1). The SVM models had a predictive accuracy of > 95%, significantly higher than NIR (p < 0.001), Kappa > 0.78 and area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristics was > 0.91; while ANN model had a predictive accuracy of 96%, significantly higher than NIR, Kappa of 0.83 and AUC was 0.98. Wing veins 2, 3, 8, 10, 14 and tibia length were of higher importance than other variables based on both SVM and ANN models. We conclude that SVM and ANN models could be used to discriminate fruit fly species based on wing vein and tibia length measurements or any other morphologically similar pest taxa. These algorithms could be used as candidates for developing an integrated and smart application software for insect discrimination and identification. Variable importance analysis results in this study would be useful for future studies for deciding what must be measured.
Deep reinforcement learning for self-tuning laser source of dissipative solitons
Authors: Kuprikov Evgeny , Kokhanovskiy Alexey , Serebrennikov Kirill , Turitsyn Sergey
Published: May 2022

Increasing complexity of modern laser systems, mostly originated from the nonlinear dynamics of radiation, makes control of their operation more and more challenging, calling for development of new approaches in laser engineering. Machine learning methods, providing proven tools for identification, control, and data analytics of various complex systems, have been recently applied to mode-locked fiber lasers with the special focus on three key areas: self-starting, system optimization and characterization. However, the development of the machine learning algorithms for a particular laser system, while being an interesting research problem, is a demanding task requiring arduous efforts and tuning a large number of hyper-parameters in the laboratory arrangements. It is not obvious that this learning can be smoothly transferred to systems that differ from the specific laser used for the algorithm development by design or by varying environmental parameters. Here we demonstrate that a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approach, based on trials and errors and sequential decisions, can be successfully used for control of the generation of dissipative solitons in mode-locked fiber laser system. We have shown the capability of deep Q-learning algorithm to generalize knowledge about the laser system in order to find conditions for stable pulse generation. Region of stable generation was transformed by changing the pumping power of the laser cavity, while tunable spectral filter was used as a control tool. Deep Q-learning algorithm is suited to learn the trajectory of adjusting spectral filter parameters to stable pulsed regime relying on the state of output radiation. Our results confirm the potential of deep reinforcement learning algorithm to control a nonlinear laser system with a feed-back. We also demonstrate that fiber mode-locked laser systems generating data at high speed present a fruitful photonic test-beds for various machine learning concepts based on large datasets.
Trends of influenza vaccination coverage in pregnant women: a ten-year analysis from a French healthcare database
Authors: Corbeau Mélodie , Mulliez Aurélien , Chenaf Chouki , Eschalier Bénédicte , Lesens Olivier , Vorilhon Philippe
Published: May 2022

Pregnant women have a high risk of severe influenza, associated with obstetrical complications. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended influenza vaccination for all pregnant women since 2012. The vaccination coverage remains low worldwide, and in Europe, due to a lack of proposition from the health care providers, and a high refusal rate from the women. The primary aim of this study was to estimate the influenza vaccination coverage (IVC) in a population of pregnant women in France, and to analyse its evolution from 2009 to 2018. The secondary objective was to describe the vaccinated population and to find determinants associated with the vaccination. This retrospective cohort study is based on the EGB French health care database, a representative sample of the French population containing data from the health insurance system. All pregnant women who delivered medically or spontaneously over the 2009–2018 period were included. In the 2009–2018 period, only 1.2% pregnant women were vaccinated against influenza (n = 875/72,207; 95% CI 1.14–1.30). The IVC slightly increased after the 2012 WHO recommendation, from 0.33 to 1.79% (p < 0.001) but remained extremely low (4.1% in 2018). Women younger than 25 years old had a low coverage (0.6%) whereas women over 35 years old were more likely to get the influenza vaccine (1.7%; OR: 2.82, 95% CI 2.14–3.71). The vaccination behavior was not influenced by multifetal pregnancy or parity, but socio-economically deprived women were less likely to be vaccinated (OR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.67–0.98). Women with pre-existing medical conditions had an overall higher vaccination rate (2.5%; OR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.94–2.77). The vaccine was mainly prescribed by family physicians (58%). Influenza vaccination in pregnant women in France remains very low, particularly in younger, healthy women, and measures such as information campaigns towards pregnant women and studies of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the health care professionals need to be undertaken to improve the coverage.
Development of a prognostic nomogram for metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma integrating marital status
Authors: Ma Xiang , Guo Junlong , Zhang Cuiting , Bai Jinfeng
Published: May 2022

Previous studies have shown that marital status can affect the overall survival (OS) of cancer patients yet its role in metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDAC) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the impact of marital status on the OS of mPDAC patients and to construct a prognostic nomogram to predict OS outcomes. Data from patients diagnosed with mPDAC were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database between 1973 and 2015. The patients were randomized into primary and validation cohorts. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed to compare differences in survival depending on marital status. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify independent prognostic factors and a nomogram was established based using Cox regression analyses. Validation of the prognostic nomogram was evaluated with a calibration curve and concordance index (C-index). Our data showed significant differences in the OS of mPDAC patients with different marital status by Kaplan–Meier analysis (P < 0.05). Univariate and multivariate analyses confirmed that marital status was an independent OS-related factor in mPDAC patients. Based on the multivariate models of the primary cohort, a nomogram was developed that combined marital status, age, grade, tumor size, surgery of primary site, surgery of lymph node and metastatic. The nomogram showed that marital status had a moderate influence on predicting the OS of mPDAC patients. Moreover, the internally and externally validated C-indexes were 0.633 and 0.619, respectively. A calibration curve confirmed favorable consistency between the observed and predicted outcomes. Marital status was identified as an independent prognostic factor for OS of mPDAC patients and is a reliable and valid parameter to predict the survival of patients with mPDAC. This prognostic model has value and may be integrated as a tool to inform decision-making in the clinic.
Effect of sodium silicate on drinking water biofilm development
Authors: Munoz Sebastian , Trueman Benjamin F. , Li Bofu , Gagnon Graham A.
Published: May 2022

Orthophosphate promotes more biofilm growth than sodium silicates at water temperatures above 20 °C.
Solid-state fluorescence of a quasi-isostructural polymorphic biphenyl based Michael addition product
Authors: Deka Poonam , Patir Khemnath , Rawal Isha , Ahmed Shahnaz , Bora Smiti Rani , Kalita Dhruba Jyoti , Althubeiti Khaled , Gogoi Sonit Kumar , Sarma Parishmita , Thakuria Ranjit
Published: May 2022

Dimorphic biphenyl based Michael addition product displayed AIE in ethanol–water system and solid state owing to its highly twisted conformation. The quasi-isostructural nature of the two polymorphs resulted in identical photo-physical behaviours.
New phosphotetradecavanadate hybrids: crystal structure, DFT analysis, stability and binding interactions with bio-macromolecules
Authors: Zarroug Rim , Artetxe Beñat , Ayed Brahim , López Xavier , Ribeiro Nádia , Correia Isabel , Pessoa João Costa
Published: May 2022

Two new crystal structures of phosphotetradecavanadates are reported and theoretical calculations, including DFT analysis, disclose their intermolecular binding interactions.
Sustainable, highly selective, and metal-free thermal depolymerization of poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate) to crotonic acid in recoverable ionic liquids
Authors: Jablonski Piotr , Nikjoo Dariush , Warna Johan , Irgum Knut , Mikkola Jyri-Pekka , Khokarale Santosh Govind
Published: May 2022

Highly selective and metal free synthesis of industrially important crotonic acid is accomplished by using a single and recoverable solvent system under mild reaction conditions.
Superconductivity in Bi based Bi2PdPt
Authors: Kataria A. , Agarwal T. , Sharma S. , Singh D. , Marik S. , Singh R. P.
Published: May 2022

Single crystals of a new superconductor Bi2PdPt have been synthesized and characterized by Laue diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, and magnetic susceptibility and electrical/thermal transport measurements.
High-performance perovskite solar cells resulting from large perovskite grain size enabled by the urea additive
Authors: Cai Qingbin , Liang Chao , Lin Zhichao , Zhang Wenqi , Shen Guibin , Dong Hongye , Xu Xiangning , Wang Haoyi , Mu Cheng , Xing Guichuan
Published: May 2022

Grain boundary and surface defects can be reduced by nucleation and crystallization management for designing high-quality perovskite films, which further improves the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs).
Influence of the pre-impact shape of an oil droplet on the post-impact flow dynamics at air–water interface
Authors: Chaudhuri Joydip , Mandal Tapas Kumar , Bandyopadhyay Dipankar
Published: May 2022

The pre-impact shape of an oil-droplet influences the spatiotemporal dynamics after the droplet impacts an air–water interface.
Ionic group-dependent structure of complex coacervate hydrogels formed by ABA triblock copolymers
Authors: Kim Seyoung , Kim Jung-Min , Wood Kathleen , Choi Soo-Hyung
Published: May 2022

We investigated the effect of ion pairs on the structure of complex coacervate core hydrogels (C3Gs) using small-angle X-ray/neutron scattering. The ratio between ammonium and guanidinium groups modulates both structure and salt-responsiveness of C3Gs as stimuli-responsive materials.
Adults With Hearing Loss Demonstrate Resilience During COVID-19 Pandemic: Applications for Postpandemic Services
Authors: Teece Katherine , Oeding Kristi , Nelson Peggy
Published: May 2022

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic has produced unique challenges for persons with hearing loss. There is a unique concern that adults with hearing loss may be more susceptible to isolation than adults with normal hearing.

Purpose:

This study explored the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the well-being of older adults with and without hearing loss.

Research Design:

This was a longitudinal study with pre-COVID-19 and six mid-COVID-19 interviews, spanning from March 1, 2020, to October 31, 2020.

Study Sample:

The study enrolled 12 participants with hearing aids and 12 with cochlear implants aged 55–80 years that were compared to 18 age-matched adults with hearing within normal limits.

Data Collection and Analysis:

Surveys were completed to evaluate the impact of time alone and loneliness, social contact, depression, and the impact of masks on hearing. A mixed-effects statistical model was used to analyze each question.

Results:

Participants commonly reported stress and anxiety during monthly video calls. Adults with varying degrees of hearing loss reported decreased social interaction and increased stress during the pandemic, similar to the rates observed by participants with healthy hearing. Face coverings were commonly reported to affect the intelligibility of conversational speech. Participants with hearing loss found satisfactory methods for maintaining social connection during the pandemic that they hope will continue once restrictions ease fully.

Conclusions:

Participants from the hearing loss groups in this study were frustrated by challenges posed by facial masks and were resilient in their ability to cope with COVID-19 and found the use of technology to be helpful. Audiologists are encouraged to use these successful electronic means of connecting with their patients even after restrictions are fully lifted.
Effects of Psychoacoustic Training on the Pre-Attentive Processing of Harmonic Sounds and Syllables
Authors: Frey Aline , Barbaroux Mylène , Dittinger Eva , Besson Mireille
Published: May 2022

Purpose:

This article aimed at investigating the neural underpinnings of music-to-language transfer effects at the pre-attentive level of processing.

Method:

We conducted a longitudinal experiment with a test–training–retest procedure. Nonmusician adults were trained either on frequency (experimental group) or on intensity (control group) of harmonic tones using methods from psychophysics. Pre- and posttraining, we recorded brain electrical activity and we analyzed the mismatch negativity (MMN) and the P3a component both to harmonic complex sounds and to syllables varying in frequency.

Results:

Frequency training influenced the pre-attentive perception of pitch for large harmonic deviant sounds but not for syllables.

Conclusion:

Results are discussed in terms of near and far transfer effects from psychoacoustic training to pre-attentive pitch processing and as possibly showing some limits to transfer effects.
Event‐triggered fuzzy output feedback fault‐tolerant control for interval type‐2 Takagi–Sugeno large‐scale systems with time delays
Authors: Liu Chuang , Wu Jinxia , Yang Weidong
Published: May 2022

The event‐triggered output feedback fault‐tolerant control problem is studied in this paper for interval type‐2 Takagi–Sugeno (IT2 T‐S) fuzzy large‐scale systems with time delays. First, a fuzzy state observer is designed to address the immeasurable states problem. Then, by introducing a discrete event‐triggered mechanism, an observer‐based event‐triggered fuzzy decentralized controller with dynamic parameters is synthesized in the presence of actuator faults based on the nonparallel distribution compensation (PDC) design principle. The sufficient conditions of asymptotic stability for the closed‐loop systems are derived by constructing an appropriate dynamic parameter based Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional candidate. Finally, a simulation example is provided to verify the feasibility of the developed fuzzy control method.
Motion behaviours and PD characteristic of free metallic particles in flowing transformer oil with paper‐covered electrodes
Authors: Yao Yuhang , Li Yi , Pan Cheng , Tang Ju , Xia Suyi , Luo Xinyu
Published: May 2022

The introduction of solid dielectrics to electrode surfaces will change the motion behaviours of free metallic particles and in turn affect partial discharge (PD) characteristics in transformer oil. To estimate the influence, the metallic particles movement in flowing oil was compared between different cases with and without insulating paper covering electrodes here. When the electrodes were bare, particles executed up‐down movements repeatedly in the vertical direction. As the electrodes were paper‐covered, the particles would settle on the paper surface for a period of time. Simultaneously, the PD characteristics caused by metallic particles were measured. When the electrodes were bare, the discharges concentrated in 0–90° and 300–360° and the PD magnitude reached 390 pC. When the double electrodes were paper‐covered, the PD magnitude decreased by 67% and the concentration phases of PDs would migrate to 45° and 160°. In order to analyse the experimental results, a simulation model with a paper‐covered boundary was constructed. Simulated trajectories of particles were in accord with the experiment results. Base on the model, the particle motion characteristics were obtained and the electric field distribution between the particle and electrode was calculated. Finally, the influence of paper‐covering on PD characteristics was discussed.
A saliency guided remote sensing image dehazing network model
Authors: Shi Zhenghao , Shao Shuai , Zhou Zhaorun
Published: May 2022

This article presents a saliency guided remote sensing image dehazing network model. It consists of the following three blocks: A dense residual based backbone network, a saliency map generator, and a deformed atmospheric scattering model (ASM) based haze removal model, of which the dense residual based backbone network is used to capture the texture detail information of a remote sensing image, the saliency map generator is used to generate the saliency map of the related remote sensing image, and the generated saliency map is used to guide the network to capture more texture details through the guided fusion module. Finally, the deformed atmospheric scattering model (ASM) is used to remove haze from remote sensing images. The model here is compared with several state‐of‐art dehazing methods on synthetic data sets and real remote sensing images. Experimental results show that on the synthetic data set, the PSNR value of this model is increased by 4.47 db and the SSIM value is increased by 0.045 compared with the best model. On real remote sensing hazy images, the visual effect of our model is also better than that of existing methods. The authors also perform experiments to demonstrate that remote sensing image dehazing is helpful for remote sensing image detection automatically.
Fault ride through capability of grid forming wind turbines: A comparison of three control schemes
Authors: Arasteh Amir , Zeni Lorenzo , Cutululis Nicolaos A.
Published: May 2022

The popularity of converter‐based generations, such as wind and solar, suggests that future power systems will be dominated by power‐electronic converters, reducing the share of conventional generation, and, inevitably decreasing inertia and short circuit contribution of the system. When this happens in power systems, they become more vulnerable to instabilities. A promising solution for counteracting this vulnerability could be equipping converter‐based generation units with grid forming control schemes. A study of the fault‐ride through capability of wind turbines with different grid forming control schemes is presented in this paper. In this context, Virtual Synchronous Machines, Power Synchronisation Control, and Distributed PLLs based Control are considered. The performance of these control schemes is evaluated and compared during three‐phase symmetrical faults using a case study that consists of a wind turbine connected to an AC grid. The simulated results indicate the strengths and drawbacks of each control scheme during faults.
Spectral evidence of solar neighborhood analogs in CALIFA galaxies
Authors: Mejía-Narváez A. , Sánchez S. F. , Carigi L. , Barrera-Ballesteros J. K. , Drory N. , Espinosa-Ponce C.
Published: May 2022

Aims. We introduce a novel nonparametric method to find solar neighborhood analogs (SNAs) in extragalactic integral field spectroscopic surveys. The main ansatz is that the physical properties of the solar neighborhood (SN) should be encoded in its optical stellar spectrum.

Methods. We assume that our best estimate of such a spectrum is the one extracted from the analysis performed by the Code for Stellar properties Heuristic Assignment (CoSHA) from the MaStar stellar library. It follows that finding SNAs in other galaxies consist in matching, in a χ2 sense, the SN reference spectrum across the optical extent of the observed galaxies. We applied this procedure to a selection of CALIFA galaxies, by requiring a close to face-on projection, relative isolation, and non-active galactic nucleus. We explore how the local and global properties of the SNAs (stellar age, metallicity, dust extinction, mass-to-light ratio, stellar surface mass density, star-formation density, and galactocentric distance) and their corresponding host galaxies (morphological type, total stellar mass, star-formation rate, and effective radius) compared with those of the SN and the Milky Way (MW).

Results. We find that SNAs are located preferentially in S(B)a–S(B)c galaxies, in a ring-like structure, which radii seem to scale with the galaxy size. Despite the known sources of systematics and errors, most properties present a considerable agreement with the literature on the SN. We conclude that the solar neighborhood is relatively common in our sample of SNAs. Our results warrant a systematic exploration of correlations among the physical properties of the SNAs and their host galaxies. We reckon that our method should inform current models of the galactic habitable zone in our MW and other galaxies.
Driving bifurcating parametrized nonlinear PDEs by optimal control strategies: application to Navier–Stokes equations with model order reduction
Authors: Pichi Federico , Strazzullo Maria , Ballarin Francesco , Rozza Gianluigi
Published: May 2022

This work deals with optimal control problems as a strategy to drive bifurcating solution of nonlinear parametrized partial differential equations towards a desired branch. Indeed, for these governing equations, multiple solution configurations can arise from the same parametric instance. We thus aim at describing how optimal control allows to change the solution profile and the stability of state solution branches. First of all, a general framework for nonlinear optimal control problem is presented in order to reconstruct each branch of optimal solutions, discussing in detail the stability properties of the obtained controlled solutions. Then, we apply the proposed framework to several optimal control problems governed by bifurcating Navier–Stokes equations in a sudden-expansion channel, describing the qualitative and quantitative effect of the control over a pitchfork bifurcation, and commenting in detail the stability eigenvalue analysis of the controlled state. Finally, we propose reduced order modeling as a tool to efficiently and reliably solve parametric stability analysis of such optimal control systems, which can be challenging to perform with standard discretization techniques such as Finite Element Method.
Effects of Kinesio Taping on Muscle Force of Quadriceps
Femoris and Hamstring Tendon in Un-Dominant Side in Normal
Adults
Authors: Ma Quansheng , Song Dejun , Ma Yubao , Zhang Lihua , Mi Lixin
Published: May 2022

Objective To observe the effects of kinesio taping on muscle force of
quadriceps and hamstring in un-dominant side.

MethodsThe subjects are consisted of 25 normal adults ranging from 20 to
25. The experiment was carried out by Biodex S4 in the angular velocity of
60°/s. 24 hours of ongoing taping later, the experiment
was taken again by multijoint isokinetic test and training system before
applying the tape, taping immediately and 24h-taping. The indexes are peak
torque (PT), relative torque (PT/BW), total work (TW) and the radio of
the muscle force between hamstring tendon and quadriceps femoris (R).

Results Compared with un-taping(T1), in taping immediately(T2), it is
significantly increased at PT, PT/BW and TW in quadriceps femoris
(P<0.05); it is increased at PT, but there’s no difference
(P>0.05), and it is significantly increased at
PT/BW(P<0.01) and TW (P<0.05) in hamstringtendon; it is
very significantly increased at R in taping immediately(T2) (P<0.01).
After 24 h’s taping(T3), compared with un-taping(T1), it is very
significantly increased at PT, PT/BW both in quadriceps femoris and
hamstring tendon (P<0.01), while it is very significantly increased in
quadriceps femoris (P<0.01) and significantly in hamstring tendon
(P<0.05) at TW; it is significantly increased at R(P<0.05).
Compared with taping immediately(T2), it is increased at PT, PT/BW in
quadriceps femoris, but there is no difference (P>0.05), while it is
significantly increased at TW (P<0.05) ; it is significantly increased
at PT and TW (P<0.05), but it is no difference at PT/BW
(P>0.05) in hamstring tendon; it is no difference at R
(P>0.05).

Conclusion The technology of Y-style kinesio taping can improve the muscle
force of quadriceps and hamstring in the un-dominant side in normal adults,
while the effect of consisting taping is significant.
The regulators’ dilemma and the global banking regulation: the case of the dual financial systems
Authors: Delle Foglie Andrea , Boukrami Elias , Vento Gianfranco , Panetta Ida Claudia
Published: May 2022

This paper aims to contribute to the literature debate on the regulators’ dilemma affecting international financial regulations focusing on the banking regulation of dual financial systems. In this regard, the paper provides a new taxonomy of Islamic Financial Systems considering the banking regulation as a driver for the classification and a more detailed definition of dual financial systems. The literature review reveals the existence of different financial system structures affected by socio-cultural biases due to different characteristics of various countries and financial systems globally. The risk of regulatory arbitrage or over-regulation phenomena is high, stifling the growth and the level playing field for both some systemically financial systems.
On children’s motives to influence parents’ long-term care insurance purchase: evidence from Switzerland
Authors: Courbage Christophe , Montoliu-Montes Guillem , Wagner Joël
Published: May 2022

Long-term care (LTC) is not only a concern for elderly individuals but also for their adult children, as the latter often provide financial support and informal care to their elderly dependents. Adult children may therefore have strong incentives to have their parents purchase LTC insurance. Using data from a 2019 Swiss survey, this article first identifies a set of variables, including self-reported interest about LTC insurance, whether elderly parents live with their children and if the latter have provided informal help with personal care, which help predict the interest of adult children in having their parents covered against LTC risk. Second, it investigates the main characteristics of children’s motives for influencing their parents to purchase LTC insurance, which are classified as either altruistic, i.e. related to parental well-being, or self-interested, i.e. related to the child’s well-being. The results offer valuable insights for both policymakers and insurers when designing public LTC policies and LTC insurance products.
Dehydroxylation of glycerol on Pt surfaces: ab initio molecular dynamics study
Authors: Xie Jiaxuan , Liu Jian , Yang Bo
Published: May 2022

Glycerol is an important raw material in the chemical industry, and dehydroxylation of glycerol would produce 1,2-propanediol and 1,3-propanediol. Here we studied glycerol dehydroxylation with ab initio molecular dynamics simulations on Pt(111) and Pt(211) surfaces at 453 K. The free energies obtained on Pt show that dehydroxylation is more likely to occur at the terminal carbon than the central carbon, and 1,2-propanediol would be produced preferentially, which is consistent with the selectivity observed experimentally. We found a linear relationship between the free energy barrier and the difference of average distances between O atoms at the initial state and transition state. Although a high correlation between the stability of gaseous glycerol and the number of formed hydrogen bonds is determined from density functional theory calculations, the hydrogen bonds formed within surface structures play a negligible role in determining the free energy barriers of dehydroxylation.
Rovibronic spectrum of PbS in 19520–22900 cm−1
Authors: Chen Yini , Chen Ben , Yin Jinping , Wang Hailing
Published: May 2022

The rovibronic spectrum of PbS in the range of 19520−22900 cm−1 are investigated using the laser ablation-laser induced fluorescence method. The spectra in this range are assigned as the transitions of A-X and B-X according to the spectral analyzation. The upper electronic state of the transition in the range of 19520−22900 cm−1 is analyzed and discussed, and it is concluded that the upper state, A, is a mixture of 3Π0+ and 3Σ0+− states, the 3Π0+ state is in domination. The spectrum in the range of 22025−22900 cm−1 is assigned as the B3Π1−X1Σ+ transition. The molecular constants of these two transitions are derived from the observed spectra. The Frank-Condon factors (FCFs) of these two transitions are also calculated using the RKR/LEVEL method. All the results are compared with the reported theoretical and experimental results, showing that the A state is a mixing state which is in consistent with Balasubramanian's relativistic configuration interaction calculation result. And our calculated FCFs are in agreement with our recorded spectra.
Mode specificity dynamics of prototypical multi-channel H+CH3OH reaction on globally accurate potential energy surface
Authors: Lu Dandan , Li Jun
Published: May 2022

The H+CH3OH reaction, which plays an important role in combustion and the interstellar medium, presents a prototypical system with multiple channels. In this work, mode specific dynamics of different product channels is investigated theoretically on a recently developed reliable potential energy surface based on a large number of data points calculated at the level of UCCSD(T)-F12a/AVTZ. It has been demonstrated that vibrational excitations of the O-H stretching motion, the torsional motion, the C-H stretching vibrations, show different influences on the four product channels, H2+CH3O, H2+CH2OH, H2O+CH3, and H+CH3OH. This work is helpful for understanding the mode-specific dynamics and controlling the competition for complicated reactions with multiple product channels.
Interpretation of adiabatic and diabatic populations from trajectories of branching corrected surface hopping
Authors: Guo Xin , Xu Jiabo , Li Guijie , Wang Linjun
Published: May 2022

The branching corrected surface hopping (BCSH) has been demonstrated as a robust approach to improve the performance of the traditional fewest switches surface hopping (FSSH) for nonadiabatic dynamics simulations of standard scattering problems [J. Chem. Phys. 150, 164101 (2019)]. Here, we study how reliable populations of both adiabatic and diabatic states can be interpreted from BCSH trajectories. Using exact quantum solutions and FSSH results as references, we investigate a series of one-dimensional two-level scattering models and illustrate that excellent time-dependent populations can be obtained by BCSH. Especially, we show that different trajectory analysis strategies produce noticeable differences in different representations. Namely, the method based on active states performs better to get populations of adiabatic states, while the method based on wavefunctions produces more reliable results for populations of diabatic states.
State-of-the-art of experimental methods for floating wind turbines
Authors: Sadraddin Hezha Lutfalla , Shao Xiaoyun
Published: May 2022

Floating wind turbines (FWTs) play a significant role in producing clean, renewable, and sustainable energy. Structural components of FWTs consist of the wind turbine, supporting floating platform, and mooring lines, which are subjected to coupled aerodynamic and hydrodynamic loads in the complex sea environment. Understanding the dynamic behavior of FWTs and validating their corresponding numerical simulation tools require reliable experimental methods to replicate various environmental loading conditions and realistic FWT dynamic responses. Conventional coupled wind-wave experiments have provided insight into the dynamic behavior of FWTs. However, scaling conflicts between the Froude and the Reynolds numbers are inevitable. Therefore, continuous efforts have been made to improve existing or develop new experimental methods of FWTs. To facilitate such development, this research aims to provide an overview of recent FWT laboratory tests of two broad categories (i.e., conventional wind-wave experiments and real-time hybrid simulation) with a focus on the testing specifics such as testing objectives, scaling factors, testing setups and laboratory limitations, instrumentations, and experimental related numerical simulations. Challenges of these two types of laboratory experiments are identified, and solutions addressing these challenges in the example tests are discussed. Finally, a geographically distributed real-time hybrid simulation method is proposed for FWTs aimed to overcome some of the challenges and further advance testing capabilities.
A square superlattice pattern formed through complex interactions among volume discharges and surface discharge in dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: Pan Yuyang , Li Yaohua , Dou Yaya , Fu Guangsheng , Dong Lifang
Published: May 2022

We report a square superlattice pattern with two interleaving grids [(line-grid) and (rod-grid)] and three lattices composed of discrete spots [spot, halo, and spot(w)] in dielectric barrier discharge. The spatiotemporal dynamics is measured by intensified charge-coupled device, photomultiplier tubes, and high-speed video camera. It is found that the line-grid is composed of direction-selective surface discharges, which are induced by wall charge of spot, compressed by wall charge of spot(w), and guided by wall charge of random spots in rod. The rod-grid and the following halo consist of random volume discharges, which are affected by the distribution of wall charges of spot(w), spot, and line-grid. The pattern is formed through a series of complex interactions among volume discharges and surface discharge. These results will promote the study on interaction between volume discharge and surface discharge in dielectric barrier discharge.
Limit cycles in Filippov systems having a circle as switching manifold
Authors: Llibre Jaume , Antonio Teixeira Marco
Published: May 2022

It is known that planar discontinuous piecewise linear differential systems separated by a straight line have no limit cycles when both linear differential systems are centers. Here, we study the limit cycles of the planar discontinuous piecewise linear differential systems separated by a circle when both linear differential systems are centers. Our main results show that such discontinuous piecewise differential systems can have zero, one, two, or three limit cycles, but no more limit cycles than three.
Spall failure of additively manufactured two-layered Cu–Ni bimetallic alloys
Authors: Boddorff Andrew K. , Jang Sungwoo , Kennedy Gregory , Taminger Karen , Thadhani Naresh N.
Published: May 2022

The dynamic tensile spall failure of additively manufactured (AM) two-layered bimetallic GRCop-84—Inconel® 625 alloys, with planar and slanted interfaces, is investigated using uniaxial-strain plate-impact gas-gun experiments. Multiple photon Doppler velocimetry (PDV) is used to monitor the back (free) surface velocity profiles and to determine the influence of the interface geometry on the spall failure. Micrographs of cross sections of recovered impacted samples reveal failure along the interface as well as in-material regions. Spall strengths determined from pull-back signals captured with the use of the multiple PDV probes illustrate different location-specific values for the same sample, corresponding to failure occurring in Inconel® 625, or GRCop-84, or along their interface, depending on the geometry of the interface. The results obtained from the experiments employing multiple PDV probes correlated with microstructural observations of cross sections of recovered impacted samples, provide a useful method for determining the complex spall failure response of two-layered bimetallic alloys, including the differentiation of the response of the respective alloy materials relative to that of the interface, in the same experiment.