bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Memory T cells targeting oncogenic mutations detected in peripheral blood of epithelial cancer patients
Authors: Cafri Gal , Yossef Rami , Pasetto Anna , Deniger Drew C. , Lu Yong-Chen , Parkhurst Maria , Gartner Jared J. , Jia Li , Ray Satyajit , Ngo Lien T. , Jafferji Mohammad , Sachs Abraham , Prickett Todd , Robbins Paul F. , Rosenberg Steven A.
Published: January 2019

T cells targeting shared oncogenic mutations can induce durable tumor regression in epithelial cancer patients. Such T cells can be detected in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, but whether such cells can be detected in the peripheral blood of patients with the common metastatic epithelial cancer patients is unknown. Using a highly sensitive in vitro stimulation and cell enrichment of peripheral memory T cells from six metastatic cancer patients, we identified and isolated CD4+, and CD8+ memory T cells targeting the mutated KRASG12D and KRASG12V variants, respectively, in three patients. In an additional two metastatic colon cancer patients, we detected CD8+ neoantigen-specific cells targeting the mutated SMAD5 and MUC4 proteins. Therefore, memory T cells targeting unique as well as shared somatic mutations can be detected in the peripheral blood of epithelial cancer patients and can potentially be used for the development of effective personalized T cell-based cancer immunotherapy across multiple patients.
Chemical fuel-driven living and transient supramolecular polymerization
Authors: Jain Ankit , Dhiman Shikha , Dhayani Ashish , Vemula Praveen K. , George Subi J.
Published: January 2019

Temporal control over self-assembly process is a desirable trait in the quest towards adaptable and controllable materials. The ability to devise synthetic ways to control the growth, as well as decay of materials has long been a property which only the biological systems could perform seamlessly. A common synthetic strategy which works on the biological principles such as chemical fuel-driven control over temporal self-assembly profile has not been completely realized synthetically. Here we show, we filled this dearth by showing that a chemical fuel driven self-assembling system can not only be grown in a controlled manner, but it can also result in precise control over the assembly and disassembly kinetics. Herein, we elaborate strategies which clearly show that once a chemical fuel driven self-assembly is established it can be made receptive to multiple molecular cues such that the inherent growth and decay characteristics are programmed into the ensemble.
A meta-analysis of catalytic literature data reveals property-performance correlations for the OCM reaction
Authors: Schmack Roman , Friedrich Alexandra , Kondratenko Evgenii V. , Polte Jörg , Werwatz Axel , Kraehnert Ralph
Published: January 2019

Decades of catalysis research have created vast amounts of experimental data. Within these data, new insights into property-performance correlations are hidden. However, the incomplete nature and undefined structure of the data has so far prevented comprehensive knowledge extraction. We propose a meta-analysis method that identifies correlations between a catalyst’s physico-chemical properties and its performance in a particular reaction. The method unites literature data with textbook knowledge and statistical tools. Starting from a researcher’s chemical intuition, a hypothesis is formulated and tested against the data for statistical significance. Iterative hypothesis refinement yields simple, robust and interpretable chemical models. The derived insights can guide new fundamental research and the discovery of improved catalysts. We demonstrate and validate the method for the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM). The final model indicates that only well-performing catalysts provide under reaction conditions two independent functionalities, i.e. a thermodynamically stable carbonate and a thermally stable oxide support.
Robust and synthesizable photocatalysts for CO2 reduction: a data-driven materials discovery
Authors: Singh Arunima K. , Montoya Joseph H. , Gregoire John M. , Persson Kristin A.
Published: January 2019

The photocatalytic conversion of the greenhouse gas CO2to chemical fuels such as hydrocarbons and alcohols continues to be a promising technology for renewable generation of energy. Major advancements have been made in improving the efficiencies and product selectiveness of currently known CO2reduction electrocatalysts, nonetheless, materials discovery is needed to enable economically viable, industrial-scale CO2reduction. We report here the largest CO2photocathode search to date, starting with 68860 candidate materials, using a rational first-principles computation-based screening strategy to evaluate synthesizability, corrosion resistance, visible-light absorption, and compatibility of the electronic structure with fuel synthesis. The results confirm the observation of the literature that few materials meet the stringent CO2photocathode requirements, with only 52 materials meeting all requirements. The results are well validated with respect to the literature, with 9 of these materials having been studied for CO2reduction, and the remaining 43 materials are discoveries from our pipeline that merit further investigation.
420,000 year assessment of fault leakage rates shows geological carbon storage is secure
Authors: Miocic Johannes M. , Gilfillan Stuart M. V. , Frank Norbert , Schroeder-Ritzrau Andrea , Burnside Neil M. , Haszeldine R. Stuart
Published: January 2019

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is routinely cited as a cost effective tool for climate change mitigation. CCS can directly reduce industrial CO2 emissions and is essential for the retention of CO2 extracted from the atmosphere. To be effective as a climate change mitigation tool, CO2 must be securely retained for 10,000 years (10 ka) with a leakage rate of below 0.01% per year of the total amount of CO2 injected. Migration of CO2 back to the atmosphere via leakage through geological faults is a potential high impact risk to CO2 storage integrity. Here, we calculate for the first time natural leakage rates from a 420 ka paleo-record of CO2 leakage above a naturally occurring, faulted, CO2 reservoir in Arizona, USA. Surface travertine (CaCO3) deposits provide evidence of vertical CO2 leakage linked to known faults. U-Th dating of travertine deposits shows leakage varies along a single fault and that individual seeps have lifespans of up to 200 ka. Whilst the total volumes of CO2 required to form the travertine deposits are high, time-averaged leakage equates to a linear rate of less than 0.01%/yr. Hence, even this natural geological storage site, which would be deemed to be of too high risk to be selected for engineered geologic storage, is adequate to store CO2 for climate mitigation purposes.
Confinement of poly(allylamine) in Preyssler-type polyoxometalate and potassium ion framework for enhanced proton conductivity
Authors: Iwano Tsukasa , Miyazawa Satoru , Osuga Ryota , Kondo Junko N. , Honjo Kayako , Kitao Takashi , Uemura Takashi , Uchida Sayaka
Published: January 2019

Polyoxometalate based solids are promising candidates of proton-conducting solid electrolytes. In this work, a Preyssler-type polyoxometalate is crystallized with potassium ions and poly(allylamine), which is also a good proton conductor, from aqueous solutions. Here we show that the hygroscopicity induced low durability of polyoxometalate and poly(allylamine) can be circumvented by the electrostatic interaction between the polyoxometalate and protonated amine moieties in the solid state. Crystalline compounds are synthesized with poly(allylamine) of different average molecular weights, and all compounds achieve proton conductivities of 10−2 S cm−1 under mild-humidity and low-temperature conditions. Spectroscopic studies reveal that the side-chain mobility of poly(allylamine) and hydrogen-bonding network rearrangement contribute to the proton conduction of compounds with poly(allylamine) of low and high average molecular weights, respectively. While numbers of proton-conducting amorphous polyoxometalate-polymer composites are reported previously, these results show both structure-property relationship and high functionality in crystalline composites.
Detection of diethyl chlorophosphate using a composite optical waveguide sensor
Authors: Du Bin , Tong Zhaoyang , Mu Xihui , Liu Shuai , Xu Jianjie , Liu Zhiwei , Qi Zhi-mei , Ding Zhijun
Published: January 2019

A highly sensitive composite optical waveguide sensor was developed for diethyl chlorophosphate vapor detection.
Outstanding reversible H2S capture by an Al(iii)-based MOF
Authors: Zárate J. Antonio , Sánchez-González Elí , Jurado-Vázquez Tamara , Gutiérrez-Alejandre Aída , González-Zamora Eduardo , Castillo Ivan , Maurin Guillaume , Ibarra Ilich A.
Published: January 2019

MIL-53(Al)-TDC was demonstrated to be an optimal adsorbent for acidic H2S capture combining an unprecedented uptake at room temperature, excellent cyclability and low-temperature regeneration.
Nanosheet-based Nb12O29 hierarchical microspheres for enhanced lithium storage
Authors: Li Renjie , Zhu Xiangzhen , Fu Qingfeng , Liang Guisheng , Chen Yongjun , Luo Lijie , Dong Mengyao , Shao Qian , Lin Chunfu , Wei Renbo , Guo Zhanhu
Published: January 2019

Conductive Nb12O29 hierarchical microspheres with nanosheet shells demonstrated comprehensively good electrochemical properties, including a significant pseudocapacitive contribution, safe operating potential, high reversible capacity, superior initial coulombic efficiency, increased rate capability, and durable cycling stability.
Waste cotton cloth derived carbon microtube textile: a robust and scalable interlayer for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Zheng Bangbei , Li Narui , Yang Jiaye , Xi Jingyu
Published: January 2019

Transformation of waste cotton cloth into freestanding carbon microtube textile as both a polysulfide barrier and an upper current collector for lithium–sulfur batteries.
(PhC(NtBu)2Al)2(SiH2)4 six-membered heterocycle: comparable in structure to cyclohexane
Authors: Li Jiancheng , Zhong Mingdong , Keil Helena , Zhu Hongping , Herbst-Irmer Regine , Stalke Dietmar , De Sriman , Koley Debasis , Roesky Herbert W.
Published: January 2019

A (PhC(NtBu)2Al)2(SiH2)4 centrosymmetric six-membered heterocycle (LAl)2(SiH2)4 (L = PhC(NtBu)2) with chair conformation is prepared by reacting disilylene LSi–SiL with alane AlH3·NEtMe2. It is comparable in structure to cyclohexane containing four Si and two Al atoms as a core.
Solvent-assisted synthesis of a shape-persistent chiral polyaza gigantocycle characterized by a very large internal cavity and extraordinarily high amplitude of the ECD exciton couplet
Authors: Zgorzelak Mikołaj , Grajewski Jakub , Gawroński Jacek , Kwit Marcin
Published: January 2019

A giant, chiral square-shaped macrocycle, characterized by a large hydrophobic cavity, has been obtained from readily available and inexpensive substrates.
Selective oxidation of glycerol to tartronic acid over Pt/N-doped mesoporous carbon with extra framework magnesium catalysts under base-free conditions
Authors: Zhan Tong , Liu Weibing , Teng Junjiang , Yue Chaochao , Li Dehao , Wang Suhua , Tan Hua
Published: January 2019

Pt/N-doped carbons with extra framework magnesium catalysts exhibit high activity and selectivity in glycerol oxidation to tartronic acid under base-free conditions.
Activation of natural halloysite nanotubes by introducing lanthanum oxycarbonate nanoparticles via co-calcination for outstanding phosphate removal
Authors: Wei Yanfu , Yuan Peng , Liu Dong , Losic Dusan , Tan Daoyong , Chen Fanrong , Liu Hongchang , Zhou Junming , Du Peixin , Song Yaran
Published: January 2019

Efficient phosphate capture achieved via activating halloysite nanotubes to create functional alumina nanoparticles by anchoring La-based nanoparticles to tube surfaces.
“Lp⋯synthon” interaction as a reason for the strong amplification of synthon-forming hydrogen bonds
Authors: Lodochnikova Olga A. , Latypova Liliya Z. , Madzhidov Timur I. , Chmutova Galina A. , Voronina Julia K. , Gubaidullin Aidar T. , Kurbangalieva Almira R.
Published: January 2019

A new type of interaction is presented.
Adsorption of metal atoms on silicene: stability and quantum capacitance of silicene-based electrode materials
Authors: Xu Q. , Yang G. M. , Fan Xiaofeng , Zheng W. T.
Published: January 2019

Metal-doping with the formation of a metal–vacancy complex results in an obvious increase of silicene's quantum capacitance.
Relevance of charges and polymer mechanical stiffness in the mechanism and kinetics of formation of liponanoparticles probed by the supported bilayer model approach
Authors: N’Diaye Marline , Michel Jean-Philippe , Rosilio Véronique
Published: January 2019

Parameters controlling the mechanism and kinetics of formation of liponanoparticles are determined using supported lipid bilayer models.
Theoretical investigation of the platinum substrate influence on BaTiO3thin film polarisation
Authors: Deleuze Pierre-Marie , Mahmoud Agnes , Domenichini Bruno , Dupont Céline
Published: January 2019

Density functional theory calculations are performed to study the out-of-plane polarisation in BaTiO3(BTO) thin films epitaxially grown on platinum.
Transformation of molecular compounds with Ba(Sr)/Al/Si and Ca(Sr, Ba)/Ti(Zr, Hf)/Si heteroelements as new efficient route to metal silicate materials
Authors: Petrus R. , Drąg-Jarząbek A. , Utko J. , Lis T. , Sobota P.
Published: January 2019

The heterometallic alkoxides based on M–O–M′–O–Si motif were used for the preparation of ceramic materials consisting of mixed metal oxide nanocrystallites embedded in SiO2matrix.
Copper hydride clusters in energy storage and conversion
Authors: Dhayal Rajendra S. , van Zyl Werner E. , Liu C. W.
Published: January 2019

Copper hydride clusters of variable nuclearity are derived from hydrogen and HCOOH as emerging energy storage materials and models.
Bisalt ether electrolytes: a pathway towards lithium metal batteries with Ni-rich cathodes
Authors: Alvarado Judith , Schroeder Marshall A. , Pollard Travis P. , Wang Xuefeng , Lee Jungwoo Z. , Zhang Minghao , Wynn Thomas , Ding Michael , Borodin Oleg , Meng Ying Shirley , Xu Kang
Published: January 2019

Breakthroughs in performance of Li/Cu with Ni-rich cathodes can be achieved via manipulation of anion interfacial chemistry, as uncovered by experiment/modeling.
Probing microstructure and electrolyte concentration dependent cell chemistry via operando small angle neutron scattering
Authors: Jafta Charl J. , Sun Xiao-Guang , Veith Gabriel M. , Jensen Grethe V. , Mahurin Shannon M. , Paranthaman Mariappan P. , Dai Sheng , Bridges Craig A.
Published: January 2019

The key to understanding the cycling mechanism of lithium-ion battery electrodes is to develop methods to monitor the dynamic cell chemistry, but the complexity of the problem has continued to pose an obstacle.
A theoretical study on the dynamics of light harvesting in the dimeric photosystem II core complex: regulation and robustness of energy transfer pathways
Authors: Hsieh Shou-Ting , Zhang Lu , Ye De-Wei , Huang Xuhui , Cheng Yuan-Chung
Published: January 2019

Coarse-grained model for dimeric PSII core complex reveals robust light harvesting through inter-monomer energy transfer and pooling in CP47s.
Z-scheme photocatalyst systems employing Rh- and Ir-doped metal oxide materials for water splitting under visible light irradiation
Authors: Kudo Akihiko , Yoshino Shunya , Tsuchiya Taichi , Udagawa Yuhei , Takahashi Yukihiro , Yamaguchi Masaharu , Ogasawara Ikue , Matsumoto Hiroe , Iwase Akihide
Published: January 2019

Z-scheme systems for water splitting were successfully developed by employing Rh- and Ir-doped metal oxides with SrTiO3:Rh and BiVO4 photocatalysts.
Complexity of dissolved organic matter in the molecular size dimension: insights from coupled size exclusion chromatography electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry
Authors: Hawkes J. A. , Sjöberg P. J. R. , Bergquist J. , Tranvik L. J.
Published: January 2019

This paper investigates the relationship between apparent size distribution and molecular complexity of dissolved organic matter from the natural environment.
Quantitative analysis of chromium in pork by PSO-SVM chemometrics based on laser induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Chen Tianbing , Zhang Linying , Huang Lin , Liu Muhua , Chen Jinyin , Yao Mingyin
Published: January 2019

The PSO-SVM method shown here, for the analysis of LIBS spectral data, provides much better fitting results and prediction accuracy than siPLS and MLP-ANN models for the quantitative prediction of heavy metal content in pork.
Facile synthesis of porous carbon materials with extra high nitrogen content for supercapacitor electrodes
Authors: Liu Yun , Hao Xiaoqiong , Wang Likui , Xu Yingcong , Liu Jing , Tian Xiaoning , Yao Bolong
Published: January 2019

Three-dimensional porous nitrogen-doped carbon materials with extra high nitrogen content produced by directly carbonizing nitrogen-enriched precursors for supercapacitors.
Selection and characterization of botanical natural products for research studies: a NaPDI center recommended approach
Authors: Kellogg Joshua J. , Paine Mary F. , McCune Jeannine S. , Oberlies Nicholas H. , Cech Nadja B.
Published: January 2019

Dietary supplements, which include botanical (plant-based) natural products, constitute a multi-billion-dollar industry in the US.
DNA triplex-based fluorescence turn-on sensors for adenosine using a fluorescent molecular rotor 5-(3-methylbenzofuran-2-yl) deoxyuridine
Authors: Kanamori Takashi , Masaki Yoshiaki , Oda Yuki , Ohzeki Hiroki , Ohkubo Akihiro , Sekine Mitsuo , Seio Kohji
Published: January 2019

Fluorescence turn-on detection of adenosine based on microenvironmental and conformational changes of a fluorescent molecular rotor in the DNA triplex is reported.
A general concept for white light emission formation from two complementary colored luminescent dyes
Authors: Yang Yuan , Wang Tao , Yin Pei , Yin Weidong , Zhang Shaoxiong , Lei Ziqiang , Yang Manyi , Ma Yucheng , Duan Wei , Ma Hengchang
Published: January 2019

White-light emitting materials have attracted extensive research interest in recent years, which is largely ascribed to their potential applications in lighting devices and display media.
A cascade-type electron extraction design for efficient low-bandgap perovskite solar cells based on a conventional structure with suppressed open-circuit voltage loss
Authors: Liu Meiyue , Chen Ziming , Chen Zhen , Yip Hin-Lap , Cao Yong
Published: January 2019

A cascade-type and energy-level-aligned electron transport layer of ZnO/SnO2/C60-SAM is beneficial for suppressed charge recombination and improved charge extraction in low-bandgap perovskite solar cells, resulting in a reduced Voc loss.
β-Myrcene/isobornyl methacrylate SG1 nitroxide-mediated controlled radical polymerization: synthesis and characterization of gradient, diblock and triblock copolymers
Authors: Métafiot Adrien , Gagnon Lysandre , Pruvost Sébastien , Hubert Pascal , Gérard Jean-François , Defoort Brigitte , Marić Milan
Published: January 2019

β-Myrcene (My), a natural 1,3-diene, and isobornyl methacrylate (IBOMA), from partially bio-based raw materials sources, were copolymerized by nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP) in bulk.
Investigation on the chirality mechanism of chiral carbon quantum dots derived from tryptophan
Authors: Wei Yingying , Chen Lin , Wang Junli , Liu Xuguang , Yang Yongzhen , Yu Shiping
Published: January 2019

To clarify the chirality mechanism of chiral CQDs prepared by l-/d-tryptophan, the chirality origin in CQD structure was revealed.
Mn4+-activated Li3Mg2SbO6 as an ultrabright fluoride-free red-emitting phosphor for warm white light-emitting diodes
Authors: Wang Shaoying , Sun Qi , Devakumar Balaji , Liang Jia , Sun Liangling , Huang Xiaoyong
Published: January 2019

Mn4+-activated Li3Mg2SbO6 red-emitting phosphor with internal quantum efficiency as high as 83% was developed for blue-pumped warm-white light-emitting diodes.
Cooperativity basis for small-molecule stabilization of protein–protein interactions
Authors: de Vink Pim J. , Andrei Sebastian A. , Higuchi Yusuke , Ottmann Christian , Milroy Lech-Gustav , Brunsveld Luc
Published: January 2019

A cooperativity framework to describe and interpret small-molecule stabilization of protein–protein interactions (PPI) is presented, which allows elucidating structure–activity relationships regarding cooperativity and intrinsic affinity.
Pd-catalyzed dearomative arylborylation of indoles
Authors: Shen Chong , Zeidan Nicolas , Wu Quan , Breuers Christian B. J. , Liu Ren-Rong , Jia Yi-Xia , Lautens Mark
Published: January 2019

A palladium-catalyzed dearomative arylborylation of indoles is reported, which provides straightforward access to structurally diverse indolines bearing vicinal tetrasubstituted and borylated trisubstituted stereocenters in moderate to good yields with excellent diastereoselectivities.
Orientation of 4-n-octyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl molecules on graphene oxide surface via electron–phonon interaction and its applications in nonlinear electronics
Authors: Singh Dharmendra Pratap , Duponchel Benoit , Lin Yaochen , Blach Jean-François , Khemakhem Hamadi , Legrand Christian , Douali Redouane
Published: January 2019

Molecular arrangement of 8CB on the GO surface and its I–V curve.
Tripodal molecular propellers perturb microtubule dynamics: indole acts as a blade and plays a crucial role in anticancer activity
Authors: Barman Surajit , Das Gaurav , Mondal Prasenjit , Pradhan Krishnangsu , Jana Batakrishna , Bhunia Debmalya , Saha Abhijit , Kar Chirantan , Ghosh Surajit
Published: January 2019

A microtubule targeted tripodal molecular propeller has been constructed having indoles as appendages. It strongly interacts at the DCVJ site of tubulin and controls the dynamicity of microtubule.
Photoredox-catalyzed sulfonylation of alkyl iodides, sulfur dioxide, and electron-deficient alkenes
Authors: Ye Shengqing , Zheng Danqing , Wu Jie , Qiu Guanyinsheng
Published: January 2019

A photoredox-catalyzed sulfonylation of alkyl iodides, sulfur dioxide, and electron-deficient alkenes under mild conditions is achieved. Various functional groups including nitro, halo, acetyl, sufonyl, and pyridinyl are all tolerated under the photoredox conditions.
Pd(ii)/Zn co-catalyzed chemo-selective hydrogenation of α-methylene-γ-keto carboxylic acids
Authors: Zhang Xuexin , Gao Yang , Laishram Ronibala Devi , Li Kangkui , Yang Yong , Zhan Yong , Luo Yang , Fan Baomin
Published: January 2019

Divergent synthesis of α-methyl-γ-keto carboxylic acids, α-methylcarboxylic acids, and lactones from α-methylene-γ-keto carboxylic acids.
Long non-coding RNA MALAT1 regulates BLCAP mRNA expression through binding to miR-339-5p and promotes poor prognosis in breast cancer
Authors: Zheng Liuhong , Zhang Yuhan , Fu Yajun , Gong Hangdi , Guo Jianjun , Wu Kangjing , Jia Qiaojun , Ding Xianfeng
Published: January 2019

The human genome transcribes a large amount of non-coding RNAs, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs. LncRNAs and microRNAs have been shown to play a critical regulatory role in tumorigenesis and progression. Competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) affect other RNAs transcription through competitively binding to common microRNAs (miRNAs). MALAT1 is a typical lncRNA that is markedly up-regulated in breast cancer. However, current understanding of the involvement of MALAT1 in breast cancer development and prognosis remains unclear. In the present study, the expression of MALAT1 in clinical samples of breast cancer tissues was found to be significantly up-regulated that was consistent with the result based on the dataset of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) at cBioportal. A negative correlation between overall survival and the expression of MALAT1 was statistically significant in the group of diagnosis age below 60 or in the group of infiltrating ductal carcinoma analyzed by TCGA database, which declared that MALAT1 might be a potentially useful prognostic factor. Furthermore, the combination of bioinformatics prediction with experimental verifications indicated that lncRNA MALAT1 can regulate BLCAP mRNA expression through binding to miR-339-5p.
Ultra‐fast and compact all‐optical half adder using 2D photonic crystals
Authors: Seifouri Mahmood , Olyaee Saeed , Sardari Mostafa , Mohebzadeh‐Bahabady Ahmad
Published: January 2019

Using a two‐dimensional photonic crystal lattice, a compact and simple structure has been introduced in the present study to construct an all‐optical half adder. The designed structure operates under the interference effect. The phase difference has been created in different states by putting the point defects and the difference in the length of the input waveguides. To do analyses, the finite‐difference time‐domain method and the plane wave expansion have been used. The advantages of this design include the small dimensions, high possibility of construction, compatibility with the silicon‐based technology, and equality of the output power in the logic states 0 and 1. The contrast ratio calculated for the port Sum and the port Carry has been equal to 9.3 and 8.22 dB. The response time has been equal to 0.22 ps, generating the data transfer rate of 4.55 Tbps.
Influence of inter‐turn short‐circuit fault on the loss of high speed permanent magnet generator with Gramme ring windings
Authors: Qiu Hongbo , Zhao Xifang , Wei Yanqi , Ran Yi , Yang Cunxiang
Published: January 2019

The primary problem brought by high speed is high‐frequency loss. The loop current (LC) of inter‐turn short‐circuit fault causes serious distortion of the magnetic field in high speed permanent magnet generator (HSPMG), whose effects on the loss cannot be ignored. In order to reveal the influence mechanism of ITSC fault on the loss, the two‐dimensional finite element model of the 117 kW, 60,000 rpm HSPMG is established. By comparing calculation results and test data, the accuracy of the model is verified. The distribution of the eddy current density is studied, and the fundamental reason for the sharp increase of eddy‐current loss after fault is found. The core losses at different positions were obtained by segmenting stator core, and the variation mechanisms of core losses at different positions are revealed. The change of heat source distribution of stator core after fault is determined. The variation of winding copper loss after fault is analysed, and the influence degree of the LC on the fault phase and healthy phase copper loss is determined. In addition, because the temperature field is directly related to the loss, the research also laid a foundation for the next analysis of the temperature field.
Electricity scheduling optimisation based on energy cloud for residential microgrids
Authors: Li Shenglin , Yang Junjie , Fang Jicheng , Liu Ziqi , Zhang Helong
Published: January 2019

Nowadays with the development of smart residential microgrid (RMG), the distributed energy storage system (DESS) can help consumers to not only balance generation and consumption but also participate in demand respond. However, the unadjustable capacity of DESS and the lack of energy sharing among users have become the major challenges to the further development of RMG. This paper proposes a novel electricity scheduling architecture based on energy cloud (EC) for RMGs and designs an electricity scheduling optimisation. The EC is used in order to link different end‐users and promote coordination. In the proposed EC‐based electricity scheduling architecture, the mathematical model for the RMG is provided. Moreover, considering the depreciation cost of battery, the optimisation model is established with the objective of minimising the electricity cost. Compared with the traditional RMG, simulation results show that the proposed strategy can not only allow consumers to adjust their optimal energy storage capacity but also further reduce electricity payment costs. The designed strategy provides a new and effective research perspective for electricity scheduling of RMGs.
Control strategy for hybrid LCC‐C‐MMC HVDC system under AC fault at rectifier side
Authors: Xue Yinglin , Ge Fenglei , Zhao Zheng , Zhang Zheren , Xing Facai
Published: January 2019

This paper focus on the new hybrid HVDC system, whose rectifier side is traditional line commutated converter (LCC) and inverter side is made up of the series connected combined modular multilevel converter with clamp double sub‐modules (C‐MMCs). However, when the AC grid fault occurs at rectifier side, the DC voltage of LCC will drop; at this time, the DC voltage of C‐MMC can not be decreased much since the modulation range is limited. Thus, the transmitted power may interrupt if the rectifier DC voltage is lower than the inverter side. To solve this problem, the paper proposed a new low DC voltage ride through control strategy. When the fault is very serious, which means the DC voltage will drop much, the converter unit at high voltage terminal is switched off to make the system operate under the half‐voltage mode, then, the healthy converter unit is controlled to transmit power continuously. During the process, one arm is bypassed, and the other two arms are blocked. Finally, the PSCAD/EMTDC results show, the proposed control strategies achieve excellent operation characteristic under 10% and 50% ac voltage drop.
Two new free-floating or wide-orbit planets from microlensing
Authors: Mróz Przemek , Udalski Andrzej , Bennett David P. , Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Sumi Takahiro , Shvartzvald Yossi , Skowron Jan , Poleski Radosław , Pietrukowicz Paweł , Kozłowski Szymon , Szymański Michał K. , Wyrzykowski Łukasz , Soszyński Igor , Ulaczyk Krzysztof , Rybicki Krzysztof , Iwanek Patryk , Albrow Michael D. , Chung Sun-Ju , Gould Andrew , Han Cheongho , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Jung Youn Kil , Shin In-Gu , Yee Jennifer C. , Zang Weicheng , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Hyoun-Woo , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Chung-Uk , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W. , Abe Fumio , Barry Richard , Bhattacharya Aparna , Bond Ian A. , Donachie Martin , Fukui Akihiko , Hirao Yuki , Itow Yoshitaka , Kawasaki Kohei , Kondo Iona , Koshimoto Naoki , Li Man Cheung Alex , Matsubara Yutaka , Muraki Yasushi , Miyazaki Shota , Nagakane Masayuki , Ranc Clément , Rattenbury Nicholas J. , Suematsu Haruno , Sullivan Denis J. , Suzuki Daisuke , Tristram Paul J. , Yonehara Atsunori , Maoz Dan , Kaspi Shai , Friedmann Matan
Published: January 2019

Planet formation theories predict the existence of free-floating planets that have been ejected from their parent systems. Although they emit little or no light, they can be detected during gravitational microlensing events. Microlensing events caused by rogue planets are characterized by very short timescales tE (typically below two days) and small angular Einstein radii θE (up to several μas). Here we present the discovery and characterization of two ultra-short microlensing events identified in data from the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) survey, which may have been caused by free-floating or wide-orbit planets. OGLE-2012-BLG-1323 is one of the shortest events discovered thus far (tE = 0.155 ± 0.005 d, θE = 2.37 ± 0.10μas) and was caused by an Earth-mass object in the Galactic disk or a Neptune-mass planet in the Galactic bulge. OGLE-2017-BLG-0560 (tE = 0.905 ± 0.005 d, θE = 38.7 ± 1.6μas) was caused by a Jupiter-mass planet in the Galactic disk or a brown dwarf in the bulge. We rule out stellar companions up to a distance of 6.0 and 3.9 au, respectively. We suggest that the lensing objects, whether located on very wide orbits or free-floating, may originate from the same physical mechanism. Although the sample of ultrashort microlensing events is small, these detections are consistent with low-mass wide-orbit or unbound planets being more common than stars in the Milky Way.
Regional priorities of the Eastern energy policy of Russia
Authors: Saneev Boris
Published: January 2019

The paper describes the features of Russia’s economic development in a new economic environment, which have necessitated a revision of priorities in the energy policy. The initial conditions, targets and strategic directions of the energy sector development in the East of the country are given. The priority directions of innovation-technology cooperation of Russia with the countries of Northeast Asia in the energy sphere are shown, and proposals are made for a list of necessary conditions and initiatives for their successful implementation
Significant factors affecting the selection of rational options for power supply in an off-grid zone
Authors: Irina Ivanova
Published: January 2019

The paper presents a short characteristic of an off-grid zone in the eastern regions of the Russian Federation. The main problems of power supply to consumers in this zone are described, and possible options for solving them are provided. A methodological approach and model tools to estimate the efficiency of alternative options of power supply to off-grid consumers are described. The factors affecting the selection of a rational option of power supply in the off-grid zone are classified. We show the interconnection between the main significant factors (availability of grid infrastructure, local fuel resources, complexity of fuel delivery logistics, characteristics of accessible power-generating equipment, and environmental constraints) and their impact on economic indicators of alternative options. Based on the systematized results of long-term studies, we present a scheme designed to select a rational option of power supply to a particular off-grid consumer according to characteristics of the described factors. Keywords: Off-grid consumers, alternative options, impact of factors, economic indicators, methodological approach, simulation models, economic efficiency.
Study of the effect of natural factors on optimal capacity of renewable energy resources
Authors: Tuguzova Tatyana
Published: January 2019

The paper briefly describes a methodological approach to determine the maximum effective capacity of a renewable energy source for an off-grid consumer, considering natural factors. The annual distribution of indicators of solar and wind energy resources in the northeastern regions of Russia is analyzed. The groups of the characteristic maximum of average monthly wind velocities and the areas of their manifestation are revealed. The results of studying the dependence of the optimal capacity of an off-grid wind power plant on the annual distribution of wind velocities at different wind potential values are presented. The installed capacity utilization factor of wind power plants is shown to depend on natural factors. The results of this study are applied as a basis for guidelines on the priority of using renewable energy sources subject to natural conditions. Keywords: Decentralized consumers, technique to determine optimal capacity, annual distribution, ratio between optimal capacity and consumer’s maximum load.
On the experience in development of regional energy policy and strategy
Authors: Petrov Nikolai , Petrova Natalia
Published: January 2019

The article presents the main strategies of development features in the concept of energy policy in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) and the energy strategy of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) for the period up to 2030.
Features of heat energy supply of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) northern regions
Authors: Dobrovolskaya Tatyana , Stennikov Valery
Published: January 2019

Heat supply to remote customers residing in the Far North regions is related to certain difficulties. At the same time, due to climate features, providing heat to such customers has a high social significance. In this paper, we analyze the population variations in the given territories, the state of housing, and the provision of customers with heat and hot-water supply. The logistics complexity when delivering fuel with possible long transfers affects the fuel cost and quality, and, eventually, the thermal energy cost. Developing and upgrading the heat supply systems in the Republic’s northern uluses (districts) is feasible only at a complex development of these territories by involving major investment into the development of mineral deposits.
Experience of solar-diesel power plant introduction in the village of Nerkha of the Irkutsk region
Authors: Ivanova Irina , Pasechnikov Timofei
Published: January 2019

The paper presents a brief characteristic of the state of power supply to the consumers of the village of Nerkha in the Nizhneudinsk Area of the Irkutsk Region before the construction of a solar power plant. The main principles of the feasibility study on construction of a solar-diesel power plant are described. The schedules of the calculated power generation by the photovoltaic modules on the basis of the data of the local meteorological station are compared with the actual consumption schedule. The connection diagram of the solar-diesel power plant components is shown and its operating principle is briefly described. The actual data of power generation by the diesel power plant and photovoltaic modules for five months of operation are presented. The calculated and actual indices are compared. Keywords: Diesel power plant, photovoltaic modules, battery inverters, network inverters, power consumption, calculated generation
Measures to prevent emissions of pollutants when burning coals in small-capacity boilers in the central ecological area of the Baikal natural territory
Authors: Maysyuk Elena
Published: January 2019

The paper presents a brief description of the municipal coal-fired boiler plants of the central ecological zone and estimation of the emission of pollutants into the atmosphere. The intensity and volume of emissions depend on many factors. These are the capacity and efficiency of the boiler units, the amount of fuel consumed and its physicochemical properties, the type of furnace and the degree of flue gas cleaning. The study indicates that 25% of the total emissions from coal-fired boilers is produced by the energy sources with manually - loaded boilers with a unit capacity of up to 1 Gcal/hr without flue gas cleaning systems. The paper presents the main ways to reduce the emission of harmful substances into the atmosphere from heat production. The best available technologies for reducing emissions into the atmosphere and reducing waste generation are reviewed with a focus on preliminary fuel preparation and cleaning, technological measures and the installation of flue gas cleaning systems. Recommendations on their application in coal-fired small-capacity boiler plants in the central ecological zone of the Baikal natural territory are given.
A mockup unit of the an-eco budget bamboo chalet: design and cost estimation analysis
Authors: Mansor Hazrina , Wahab Nursuzila M. A. A. , Sahol Hamid Yazmin , Kamarudin Mohd Khairul
Published: January 2019

To succeed by 2050, Malaysia visions would need to be ecologically sustainable. To align with this strategy, a mock-up unit of an-eco budget bamboo chalet is proposed and designed with the aim to provide an affordable and sustainable chalet using local sustainability features and expand the use of natural resources. A sustainable bamboo chalet requires proper initial treatments and preservation in maintaining its esthetic appearance and strength. Otherwise, it can be less durable and under certain circumstances would incur high maintenance cost to the owner. In this study, the proposed unit of an eco-budget bamboo chalet is designed and analyzed using the Staad Pro V8i software. The projection cost of the bamboo chalet in the next 25 years is studied comparatively in which involves a comparison of using a different material, i.e. concrete with the same built-up area. The bamboo chalet had a built-up land area of approximately 7.5 m x 7 m (53 m2) and is made of 95% bamboo which comprises of two different species, i.e. Bambusa Vulgaris and Dendrocalamus Asper Bamboo. The results showed that construction material of the chalet saves up to 18% more when using bamboo compared to concrete. However, the total projected cost of the chalet for the next 25 years by using bamboo was 14% higher compared to concrete. Therefore, emphasis on the usage of bamboo for long-term strategy is required to maintain and control the gradual trend cost incurred if green building is to be built in Malaysia.
Concrete using sawdust as partial replacement of sand : Is it strong and does not endanger health?
Authors: Huda Suliman Nurul , Atif Abdul Razak Amir , Mansor Hazrina , Alisibramulisi Anizahyati , Mohd Amin Norliyati
Published: January 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of concrete using sawdust to partially replace the river sand which could reduce both environmental problems and construction cost. In this study, sawdust concrete has been produced where the river sand is replaced with sawdust by 5%, 10% and 15% of the total sand volume. Both wet concrete and hardened concrete (cubes specimens) were tested through material testing and cube testing to obtain the most optimum sawdust concrete design. In addition, specimens have also been tested in environmental laboratory to identify the extent of hazardous use of sawdust to consumer health. This is because the dust used is the waste taken from the unknown root of the level of cleanliness. The result shows that the most optimum design for producing sawdust concrete is that with 10% replacement of river sand. The result is based on the compressive strength obtained. The results of environmental study also show that this sawdust concrete is free from any harmful to health contaminants.
Phytoremediation of heavy metal from leachate using imperata cylindrica
Authors: Moktar Khairul Anam , Mohd Tajuddin Ramlah
Published: January 2019

Landfill leachate has many toxic substances, which may adversely affect the environmental health. The high concentration of heavy metal in landfill leachate creates complication to its removal and management. Hence this research was conducted to explore the ability of phytoremediation using Imperata cylindrica to remove Lead, Zinc and Cadmium; which is deemed to be nature friendly and sustainable. Raw landfill leachates were taken from the collection ponds at Jeram Sanitary Landfill and placed in fabricated phytoremediation system at UiTM laboratory. Heavy metal concentration of leachate from this system was monitored for 30 days. It was found that Imperata cylindrica is able to remove lead, Zinc and Cadmium from the leachate.
Cross section and geometry optimization of steel truss arch bridges based on internal forces
Authors: Mushthofa Malik , Aminullah Akhmad , Muslikh
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this study is to obtain the optimum geometric design and cross section member element of steel arch bridges. It is necessary because the geometric design of the steel truss arch bridges have the direct impact to the steel section used in the structures. Therefore, steel section have the impact to the economic value of the bridge design due to the structure weight. There are many important variables have to considered in the bridge design. Rise to span ratio variable is the major variable in the arch bridge geometric design. Arch bridge structures rely on the axial force capacity of the main arch, whereas shear forces and bending moments as secondary consideration. The optimization process is done by collecting the axial force, shear force and bending moment data of each steel arch bridge numeric model, and scaling its value from 0 to 1 to compare the data of every span in the same field, in order to achieve the optimum rise to span ratio. Rise to span ratio data of steel arch bridges in China and Japan used as the comparison with the result of this study, due to their brief history and rich experiences on arch bridge engineering innovation, and also have the large of amount of steel arch bridges. The results of this study give the optimum value of rise to span ratio between 1/4 to 1/7. It has good correlation with the rise to span ratio data of steel arch bridges in China and Japan i.e. 1/4 - 1/6 and 1/5 - 1/7 respectively.
Development of work breakdown structure (WBS) dictionary for the construction works of lower structure steel bridge
Authors: Latief Yusuf , Nurdiani Dina , Riantini Supriadi Leni Sagita
Published: January 2019

The lower structure of a steel bridge is one of the essential elements of a whole steel bridge structure. The construction works of this structure are complex and extensive. In the process of planning the construction works for this element, thorough and well-designed plan is vital in order to avoid construction failures or defects that could lead to project failure. Therefore, in the construction planning process for the lower structure steel bridge, a detailed construction process and activities, including its resources are needed for guiding the process effectively and comply with the project requirements. The decomposition of the construction works into work packages is important to minimize mistakes, which is by using a definitive work breakdown structure (WBS) and its detailed dictionary for each work packages. The objective of this study is to develop the WBS dictionary based on the defined WBS, for each construction work elements in the lower structure steel bridge. The study used Delphi method and expert validation as its methodology. The result provides the WBS dictionary that specifies the construction works of lower structure steel bridge into four (4) levels of WBS and two (2) supplementary levels of detailed activities and resources.
Simple innovative comparison of costs between tied-arch bridge and cable-stayed bridge
Authors: Esko Järvenpää , Tung Quach Thanh
Published: January 2019

The proposed paper compares tied-arch bridge alternatives and cable-stayed bridge alternatives based on needed load-bearing construction material amounts in the superstructure. The comparisons are prepared between four tied arch bridge solutions and four cable-stayed bridge solutions of the same span lengths. The sum of the span lengths is 300 m. The rise of arch as well as the height of pylon and cable arrangements follow optimal dimensions. The theoretic optimum rise of tied-arch for minimum material amount is higher than traditionally used for aesthetic reason. The optimum rise for minimum material amount parabolic arch is shown in the paper. The mathematical solution uses axial force index method presented in the paper. For the tied-arches the span-rise-ration of 3 is used. The hangers of the tied-arches are vertical-The tied-arches are calculated by numeric iteration method in order to get moment-less arch. The arches are designed as constant stress arch. The area and the weight of the cross section follow the compression force in the arch. In addition the self-weight of the suspender cables are included in the calculation. The influence of traffic loads are calculated by using a separate FEM program. It is concluded that tied-arch is a competitive alternative to cable-stayed bridge especially when asymmetric bridge spans are considered.
Computer-Integrated Manufacturing System for Membrane Structures
Authors: Yokobori Kazuo , Miura Tomo
Published: January 2019

A membrane structure is a space structure composed of a membrane material (fabric or film), cables, and steel frames, among others. It reduces the environmental load for transporting materials and constructions; for instance, compared with conventional roofs that have steel panels or tiles, the membrane structure of a roof is lightweight. Computer analysis and three-dimensional (3D) models are required for determining the stable shape of such tensile structures. It is useful to use computer-integrated systems for the design and manufacturing process because these 3D models consist of numerical data. In this study, we developed a system program based on artificial intelligence methods, with a support vector machine instead of human judgment for the membrane structure estimation and for a probabilistic optimization to predict the differences caused by production loss etc. and compare the results after actual production. And we got close predicted results to the person.