bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perbedaan Kadar Protein Daging Sapi Dengan Perendaman Sari Buah Nanas (Ananas Comocus I.) Dan Sari Jahe (Zingiber Officinale Rose.) Metode Kjeldahl
Authors: Sungkawa Hendra Budi , Nurhayati Widya , Djohan Herlinda
Published: March 2024

Protein merupakan asam amino rantai panjang yang diperlukan untuk memelihara jaringan, pertumbuhan dan sebagai sumber energi. Protein terdiri dari protein hewani dan nabati. Salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk menaikkan pola konsumsi protein hewani, dapat menggunakan suatu enzim yaitu protease. Protease adalah salah satu enzim yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kadar protein pada bahan makanan. Nanas merupakan tanaman yang mengandung enzim protease yaitu enzim bromelin. Selain pada tanaman, enzim protease juga dimiliki oleh rempah-rempah, yaitu jahe yang dinamakan dengan enzim zingibain. Nanas dan jahe tersebut diolah menjadi sari, yang kemudian sari buah nanas dan sari jahe yang telah dibuat, direndam ke dalam bahan makanan selama waktu tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan perbedaan kadar protein pada daging sapi dengan perendaman sari buah nanas (Ananas comocus 1.) dan sari jahe (Zingiber officinale Rosc. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi experiment dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah daging sapi, dengan sampel daging sapi sebelum perendaman dan direndam sari buah nanas dan sari jahe sebanyak 20 ml, 30 ml, 40 ml dan lama perendaman 30 menit. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan adalah 28 sampel, dengan 7 perlakuan dan replikasi sebanyak 4 kali. Kriteria sampel yang digunakan adalah daging sapi yang di peroleh dari 4 tempat berbeda, buah nanas golongan queen yang segar dan masak, rimpang jahe putih kecil yang segar. Pengukuran sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kjeldahl. Hasil pengukuran diperoleh nilai rata-rata kadar protein sebelum perendaman dan sesudah perendaman sari buah nanas sebanyak 20 ml, 30 ml, 40 ml secara berturut-turut adalah 22,35%, 22,76%, 21,38 %, 20,86%. Hasil pengukuran nilai rata-rata kadar protein sebelum perendaman dan sesudah perendaman sari jahe sebanyak 20 ml, 30 ml, 40 ml secara berturut-turut adalah 22,35%, 20,80%, 21,82%, 20,16%. Berdasarkan uji T independent menggunakan program SPSS 26 diperoleh hasil signifikansi 0,438 > 0,05, yang menyatakan bahwa Ha ditolak, sehingga dapat disimpulkan tidak terdapat perbedaan kadar protein daging sapi dengan perendaman sari buah nanas (Ananas comocus 1.) dan sari jahe (Zingiber officinale Rosc).Â
Perbandingan Hasil Pemeriksaan Leukosit Pada Sedimen Urin Yang Disentrifugasi Lima Menit Dengan Variasi Waktu Tiga Menit, Tujuh Menit Dan Sepuluh Menit
Authors: Arfaizah Hesti
Published: March 2024

AbstractVariations in centrifugation time have an affect on the results of urine sediment examination. Urine sediment checks are listed in regular or routine inspections. Sediment examination is very good using morning urine because it is more concentrated and the material has not been damaged or lysis. The purpose of this study was to determine the comparison of the results of the examination of urinary leukocyte sediments that were centrifuged five minute with time variations of three minutes, seven minutes and ten minutes. The research was conducted at the Clinical Pathology Laboratory of the Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Binawan University. The material used morning urine. The study sample was given a 2x 60 ml urine container consisting of 2 adolescents and 4 elderly people who were willing to be respondents for urine sediment examination. The result of leukocyte analysis data are known that the average number of leukocyte cells at a time of 5 minutes is 13.14 leukocyte cells / LPB, a centrifugation time of 3 minutes is known to average 9.06 leukocyte /LPB, a centrifugation time of 7 minutes the average leukocyte cell is increasing to 17.33 leukocyte cells / LPB. The results of the urinary sediment leukocytes of the Paired T-Test can be concluded that there are significant differences in the examination of urinary leukocyte sediments with variations in centrifugation time of 3 minutes, 7 minutes and 10 minutes compared to the control time 0f 5 minutes.Â Keywords: Leukocytes Sediments; Time Centrifuges.
Analysis Of Factors Affecting Internal Quality Assurance In Blood Glucose Examination In The Laboratory Of Budhi Asih Hospital
Authors: Maji Anisa Sekar
Published: March 2024

Internal quality assurance activities are divided into three stages, namely the pre â€“ analytic stage, the analytic stage, and the post â€“ analytic stage. Examination of blood glucose requires internal quality assurance. There are several potentials that affect this implementation, such as the discovery of lysis sample. The suitability of taking blood according to the Standar Operating Procedure (SOP) must be considered. The instruments used must be in good condition, pay attention to tool mantenance and carry out Quality Control (QC) to ensure the quality of precision and accuracy in the results to be issued. Observational research design with cross sectional design involving 23 Medical Laboratory Technology (MLT) officers as respondents and 38 blood glucose samples to be examined using a chemistry analyzer. Data from quentionaires and observations were analyzed by lambda correlation test with sig <0.05. Research on internal quality assurance on the criteria of human resource the results obtained 96.9%, the SOP criteria the results obtained 91.6%, the sample quality criteria the results obtained 90.3%, and the QC criteria the results obtained 100%. The results of the lambda correlation test on four variables showed a correaltion, with the results of HR 0.008, SOP 0.016, sample quality 0.009, QC 0.016. all of the criteria for internal quality assurance are in the good category, and all of them show that there is a relation with internal quality assurance.
ANALISIS KADAR TIMBAL (Pb) DAN ARSEN (As) PADA AIR GAMBUT DI DESA RASAU JAYA KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA
Authors: Syari Jajar Pramata
Published: March 2024

One of the abundant water resources on the island of Kalimantan is peat water, because peatlands are widely distributed in West Kalimantan, especially in Kubu Raya Regency. Residents living in peat swamps in parts of Kalimantan, especially in the area of Rasau Jaya Village, Kubu Raya Regency, use peatlands as a residence and land for plantations and agriculture, so that they use dug wells in the form of peat water and are widely used by local residents to carry out daily activities days such as washing, bathing, cooking and so on. Heavy metals in the form of Pb and As are pollutants that are difficult to degrade and even tend to accumulate in the body of exposed living things. The purpose of this study was to analyze the content of Pb and As metals in peat water in Rasau Jaya Village, Kubu Raya Regency. The research design used is descriptive method. The population in this study was peat water in the area of Rasau Jaya Village, Kubu Raya Regency. A sample of 10 peat well water samples from the Dusun Kebun Jeruk residents, Rasau Jaya Village, Kubu Raya Regency. The results were obtained based on Permenkes RI RI No. 32 of 2017 Concerning Environmental Health Standard Quality Standards and Water Health Requirements for Hygiene, Swimming Pool, Solus Per Aqua, and Public Baths used for clean well water samples that met 40% quality standards, namely Well 3, 6, 8 and 9.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTI BAKTERI SEDIAAN SPRAY DAUN KEMANGI (Ocimum sanctum L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN staphylococcus epidermdis
Authors: Dj Herlinda Djohan , Ratnawati Gervacia Jenny , Sugito Sugito , D.M.T Immaculata
Published: March 2024

Daun kemangi merupakan salah satu tanaman yang memiliki banyak manfaat salah satunya adalah sebagai anti bakteri. Daun kemangi memiliki senyawa kimia seperti flavonoid, tanin, fenolik, saponin dan minyak atsiri yang dapat berperan sebagai anti bakteri. Sehingga dapat digunakan untuk kesehatan dan  kebersihan kaki, terutama untuk penghilang bau kaki yang disebabkan oleh bakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya aktivitas anti bakteri pada sediaan spray perasan daun kemangi dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri staphylococcus epidermidis. Metode uji yang digunakan ialah metode difusi cakram. Perasan daun kemangi diformulasikan menjadi spray dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda yaitu 15%, 20% dan 25% setiap konsentrasi dilakukan 9 kali pengulangan sehingga sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 27 sampel. Sediaan spray kemudian di uji evaluasi dan di uji aktivitas anti bakteri terhadap bakteri staphylococcus epidermidis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sediaan spray perasan daun kemangi memiliki aktivitas anti bakteri dalam menghambat pertumbuhan staphylococcus epidermidis dengan luas zona hambat berturut-turut sebesar 9,61 mm (F1=15%) kategori sedang, 10,56 mm (F2=20%) kategori sedang, 12,83 mm (F3=25%) kategori kuat.
Gagal Ginjal Kronik Yang Menjalani Terapi Hemodialisa Di RSUD dr ABDUL AZIZ
Authors: Nurhayati Etiek , Kamilla Laila , Lestari Cik Verra Budi
Published: March 2024

Hypertension is when a person experiences increased blood pressure on tissue and organ perfusion. One complication that can be caused by hypertension is kidney failure. Urea and creatinine are waste products of the body's metabolism. Ureum and creatinine levels will increase, indicating impaired kidney function. Damage that occurs to the kidneys must be treated one way with hemodialysis. The function of hemodialysis therapy is to reduce urea and creatinine levels in patients with chronic kidney failure.The study's general objective was to analyze urea and creatinine levels in hypertensive patients with chronic kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis therapy at dr. Abdul Aziz Singkawang General Hospital. The research design is analytically observational with a cross-sectional research design. Secondary data in this study were obtained from medical records and laboratory results of hypertensive patients with chronic kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis therapy without complications of DM, namely 37 respondents who performed urea and creatinine examinations before and after hemodialysis at dr. Abdul Aziz Singkawang by using a purposive sampling technique.The results of the study found 64 hypertensive patients undergoing hemodialysis and obtained a sample of 37 patients who met the criteria, namely hypertensive patients undergoing hemodialysis without complications of DM got an average urea level before hemodialysis 187.1919 mg/dl and after hemodialysis 136.0162 mg/dl. The intermediate creatinine level before hemodialysis was 14.0870 mg/dl and 11.0224 mg/dl after hemodialysis.The results of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. They obtained p-value = 0.000 <α (0.05), which indicated differences in urea and creatinine levels before and after hemodialysis therapy in hypertensive patients with chronic kidney failure.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIINFLAMASI EKSTRAK ETANOL BIJI NANGKA (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) TERHADAP STABILISASI MEMBRAN SEL DARAH MERAH
Authors: Wahdaniah Wahdaniah , Sabrina Azani Aulia , Kamilla Laila
Published: March 2024

Jackfruit seed (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) is local plant that contains compounds such as flavonoids, saponins and steroids that have potential as antiinflammatory. This research aims to determine the difference in antiinflammatory activity of ethanol extract jackfruit seed (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) from sodium diclofenac on red blood cell membrane stability. Antiinflammatory activity can be seen from the decrease in absorbance of hemoglobin lysed in test solution after being induced by hypotonic solution and compared with the positive control (sodium diclofenac). This research is a quasi experiment with the method of red blood cell membrane stability in vitro using purposive sampling technique with samples of ethanol extract jackfruit seed concentrations of 0,005%, 0,01%, 0,02% and 0,04% which were repeated 3 times. The results showed that ethanol extract jackfruit seed (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) has the ability to stabilize red blood cell membrane with a percent stability at concentration of 0,005% is 41,70%, concentration of 0,01% is 50,70%, concentration of 0,02% is 54,20% and concentration of 0,04% is 64,60%. The antiinflammatory activity of ethanol extract jackfruit seed 0,02% is not different from sodium diclofenac 0,005% with p value > 0,05, whereas ethanol extract jackfruit seed 0,005%, 0,01% and 0,04% are different from sodium diclofenac.
EFFECTIVENESS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH BY SECTORAL PRIORITIES
Authors:   Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making», Krasnodar, Russia, Egorov Evgeniy Alekseyevich , Ilina Irina Anatolyevna ,   Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making», Krasnodar, Russia, Zaporozhets Natalia Mikhailovna ,   Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making», Krasnodar, Russia
Published: March 2024

The article presents the results of the institution’s research work obtained in 2023. Research is focused on solving problems: accelerated creation of new varieties of horticultural crops based on the mobilization of bioresource collections using molecular genetic methods and digital technologies; ensuring environmental and economic sustainability and optimal productivity of perennial agrocenoses, as well as the quality and safety of preserved plant agricultural raw materials based on biologization and digitalization of technological processes. An analysis of the effectiveness of scientific and technical activities is given according to the criteria of research, publishing, publiсation, inventive activity, innovative, educational and financial and economic activities of a scientific institution. As a result of R&D, 115 completed developments of fundamental importance have received, forming the methodological and methodical basis for the creation of scientific and technical products of a priority applied level. Fundamentally new developments in applied research in the fields of knowledge relevant to the scientific institution were 81 developments that provide improvement in the quantitative and qualitative indicators of biocenotic and production processes in fruit and vineyards, technological processes during storage and processing of agricultural products. The gene pool is preserved – 7,253 samples of fruit, berry, nut crops and grapes, replenished with 127 varieties; clones were selected and 7 donors were identified and 53 sources for creating new varieties that combine high potential productivity, winter hardiness, drought resistance, sustainability to the most harmful diseases and pests. The State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for use in 2023 in the North Caucasus (6) region includes 3 varieties of apple trees, one grape variety, one clonal rootstock of small stone fruit crops, a rose variety bred by the scientific institution. Output products are registered in the USAIS electronic accounting database in the form of intellectual property for 99 completed developments. Regulatory documentation has been developed in the form of organizational standards, technological instructions and technical conditions for 37 completed developments.
PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL MODELS OF GRAPE VARIETIES FOR PREDICTING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Institution «Center of Agrochemical Service «Krymsky», Simferopol', Republic of Crimea, Russia, Ivanova Margarita Igorevna , Ivanchenko Vyacheslav Iosifovich ,   Agrotechnological Academy of the Federal State-Owned Autonomous Educational Establishment of Higher Education «V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University», Simferopol', Republic of Crimea, Russia, Potanin Dmitry Valerievich ,   Agrotechnological Academy of the Federal State-Owned Autonomous Educational Establishment of Higher Education «V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University», Simferopol', Republic of Crimea, Russia
Published: March 2024

At the present stage, with an increase in the volume of consumption of grape-growing products, it is necessary to carry out a monitoring forecast of the possibility of its production for each individual variety or scion-rootstock combination, depending on edaphoclimatic conditions and cultivation technology. This is possible only if predictive models of the behavior of the grape variety or its scion-rootstock combination are developed in the grafted culture in various ecoagrobiocenoses. The purpose of the study was to consider methodological approaches to the creation of mathematical models for predicting the behavior of an individual variety or groups of grape varieties, depending on the abiotic and agrotechnological characteristics of cultivation. To achieve this goal, a previously created database was used, obtained during an experiment conducted on the basis of uterine plantations and an open grape school of the Institute "Agrotechnological Academy" of the V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, collected in the period from 2018 to 2021 and subjected to multidimensional regression analysis using the developed program. The total number of items included in the database is 1,860. (31 parameters). The research proved the possibility of developing regression models for predicting productivity using nonparametric digital introduction of varieties, as well as environmental factors. It is established that regression models characterizing the quality of the vine, taking into account varietal characteristics and weather conditions, can vary depending on a particular variety. Thus, a similar model for the Cabernet Sauvignon variety is fundamental with a multiple correlation coefficient of R = 0.9866, and for the Syrah variety it is logarithmic at R= 1.0000. Promising possibilities and ways of developing digital (mathematical) models characterizing individual varieties or groups of varieties by origin according to their productivity, depending on edaphoclimatic conditions, production technology, as well as quality parameters of manufactured products are considered
ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF FRUITS OF PROMISING FORMS OF WALNUT FROM LOCAL SEED POPULATIONS OF THE KRASNODAR REGION AND BELGOROD REGION
Authors:   Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making», Krasnodar, Russia, Al-Nakib Ekaterina Adelevna , Suprun Ivan Ivanovich ,   Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making», Krasnodar, Russia, Lobodina Elena Vadimovna ,   Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making», Krasnodar, Russia, Avakimyan Anastasia Olegovna ,   Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making», Krasnodar, Russia
Published: March 2024

Recently, the task of updating the walnut assortment with new adaptive and high-quality varieties of domestic breeding has been solved, since foreign varieties cannot fully realize their biological potential in the conditions of the North Caucasus. In order to solve the issue of import substitution, it is necessary to create competitive, highly productive varieties with lateral fruiting, adaptive to unfavorable factors. At the same time, an extremely important characteristic of the variety is the quality of the fruit. The article presents the results of research on the search for promising forms of walnut. During the route trips, a preliminary assessment of the studied samples was carried out for the presence of lateral fruiting and fruit load, as a result of which 11 promising forms were identified for assessing the morphometric characteristics and quality of the fruits. All 11 selected forms of walnut are valuable for breeding and can serve as sources of economically useful traits (lateral fruiting, large fruit, high percentage of kernel yield, light, well-filled kernel, thin shell). Forms № 1, № 3, № 4, № 5, № 6, № 7, №. 8, № 10 can be considered the most promising in terms of the complex of phenotypic characteristics of fruits. These samples have an average (№ 1, № 5, № 7, № 8) and high (№ 3, № 4, № 6, № 11) percentage of kernel yield, good kernel extractability, kernel completion and can be used in breeding work, such as sources of economically valuable traits.
SELECTION OF ROOTSTOCKS IN CREATION OF MOTHER-CUTTINGS PLANTS OF APPLE TREE OF THE «BASIC» CATEGORY
Authors:   Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making», Krasnodar, Russia, Efimova Irina Lvovna
Published: March 2024

The increase in high-temperature stress in recent years during the summer growing season complicates the realization of the production potential of the apple tree. Therefore, it is very relevant to use scion-rootstock combinations based on rootstocks with high drought resistance in creation mother-cutting orchards of apple trees in the “Basic” category. In the conditions of Krasnodar, the summer months of 2018-2023 became hotter, which is confirmed by data on the excess of the average monthly temperature over long-term values. July was the hottest in 2018, 2020 and 2021. (38.0, 38.0 and 36.3 ºC, respectively). In August, the excess of the long-term norm was greatest in 2018, 2021 and 2023. The trend of increasing temperatures in the autumn months has led to a lengthening of the growing season and a decrease in the resistance of apple plants to unfavorable overwintering conditions, which can negatively affect the quality of cuttings. The purpose of the research was to identify the most adaptive apple tree rootstocks for use in mother-cutting plantings of the «Basic» category. We assessed the drought resistance of the most common introduced apple rootstocks M 9, MM-106 and the rootstock breed by FSBSI NCFSCHVW SK 2U under conditions of high-temperature stress during the summer growing season. Leaf water content in particularly hot years (2020, 2021, 2023) was predominantly higher in the M 9 and SK 2U rootstocks. The best water-holding capacity of leaves was observed in the rootstocks M 9 and SK 2U, the worst – in the rootstock MM-106. Preference should be given to the semi-dwarf rootstock SK 2U when designing mother-cutting apple tree plantings of the “Basic” category. SK 2u will be able to maintain the intensity of growth processes and ensure the production of cuttings of a standard size and the required quality in greater quantities under conditions of summer high-temperature stress than mother trees on a dwarf rootstock M 9 with a smaller crown volume than on SK 2U.
RESULTS OF SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY OF THE ANAPA ZONAL EXPERIMENTAL STATION OF VITICULTURE AND WINEMAKING – BRANCH OF THE FEDERAL STATE BUDGET SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTION «NORTH CAUCASIAN FEDERAL SCIENTIFIC CENTER OF HORTICULTURE, VITICULTURE, WINEMAKING» FOR THE 2023
Authors:   Anapa Zonal Experimental Station of Viticulture and Winemaking – branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking», Anapa, Russia, Lukyanov Alexey Aleksandrovich
Published: March 2024

The article summarizes the main results of scientific research conducted by scientists of Anapa ZESV&W – branch of FSBSI NCFSCGVW in 2023 in the performance of the State task, aimed at the search, mobilisation, conservation, study and replenishment of gene resources of grapes, development of a method of analysis of vegetation indices of ampelocenoses according to long-term satellite data and obtaining new knowledge about the regularities of the influence of biotic and abiotic factors of growing grapes, as well as technological methods of wine production on changes in the biochemical composition of grapes. The researches were carried out in plantations of the center of collective use Anapa ampelographic collection and production plantations of grapes of Krasnodar region by generally accepted and adapted methods. As a result of fulfilment of the thematic plan, 7 completed developments of fundamental and 4 of priority-applied importance were obtained, including: 5 sources of breeding-valuable traits, 2 elite forms, 1 standard operating procedure for growing hybrid grape seedlings (SOP 00668034-005-2023), 1 database (Certificate of state registration of database № 2023623958 from 14.11.2023, application № 2023623768 from 08.11.2023), 1 computer programme (Certificate of state registration of database № 2023623958 from 14.11.2023, application №2023623768 from 08.11.2023), 1 technological instruction (Technology of production of wine and wine in bulk (wine material) dry white «Barkhatnyi Muscat» (TI 11.02.12-185-00668034-2023). 2 patents have been obtained based on the results of research. In general, the scientific institution maintains 21 objects of intellectual property, 14 of them – for varieties. The benchmark for fulfilment of the R&D plan on publication activity according to the state assignment for 2023 was a publication score of 7.0. The actual implementation was 11.6 points. The total number of published papers is 24, 11 of which were included in the RSCI core.
Manajemen Layanan Khusus
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani
Published: March 2024

Special service management is an activity process where students are provided with the services needed to support the learning process so that educational goals can be achieved. The special services offered by schools to students are generally the same from one school to another. However, the management and utilization process is different. The following are some of the special services provided by schools: library services, health services, dormitory services, guidance and counseling services, laboratory services, cooperative services and school security and parking services.
TRANSNATIONAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: AN EARLY EPISODE FROM COLONIAL SOUTHERN AFRICA
Authors:   School of Tourism & Hospitality, College of Business and Economics, University of Johannesburg, Bunting Road, Johannesburg, South Africa, ROGERSON Christian M.
Published: March 2024

Cross-border tourism marketing and promotion is a widely endorsed approach for encouraging regional tourism development. The aim in this paper is to uncover an early historical example of regional tourism development which occurred in colonial Southern Africa. Using archival sources the study pinpoints the contributions of publicity material produced by South African Railways for the promotion of tourism in the territories of colonial Zimbabwe and Mozambique. In encouraging international tourism to South Africa during the 1920s and 1930s there was an understanding that South Africa’s leading national tourism assets were best packaged together for ‘transnational tourism development’ with marketing for the iconic attraction of Victoria Falls as well as Lourenço Marques. The destination which was promoted as ‘South Africa’ in tourism guidebooks did not correspond with the geopolitical entity of the Union of South Africa, instead it embraced the attractions of Portuguese-controlled Mozambique and several tourism products in the British-controlled territory of Rhodesia.
DISTRIBUTION AND GENESIS OF HYDROCARBON GASES IN BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF THE LAPTEV-SIBERIAN SEA ZONE OF THE EAST ARCTIC SHELF
Authors:   V.I.Ili’ichev Paific Oceanological Institute, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gresov A.I. , Yatsuk A.V. ,   V.I.Ili’ichev Paific Oceanological Institute, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2024

Gases from bottom sediments of the Laptev–Siberian Sea zone contain methane (up to 8.3047 cm3/kg) and its homologues (down to and including pentane) totaling 0.0259 cm3/kg. The established values of the carbon isotope composition of methane (δ13С), the molecular weight of the hydrocarbon fraction, the weight concentrations of С1–С5 hydrocarbons and their ratios, the «wetness» and «transformation» coefficients of the hydrocarbons fraction, indicate the presence of various syngenetic and epigenetic gases in bottom sediments. Potential gas sources are modern sediments, peat, coal, gas and gas hydrate? deposits, solid bitumen, igneous rocks, and inferred oil and gas accumulations. It has been established that the distribution of hydrocarbon gases in sediments vertically and horizontally depends on the influence of a complex of geological factors – fold and fault tectonics, magmatism and seismic activity in the region, coal, oil and gas potential and bituminosity, organic saturation and lithological composition, hydrogeological, geocryological, and other conditions for accumulation of gases or their degassing.
Fragilidad quirúrgica: un factor predictor de morbilidad y mortalidad posoperatoria en adultos mayores sometidos a cirugía abdominal de urgencia
Authors: Garzón Horacio , Restrepo Carolina , Espitia Erik , Torregrosa Lilian , Domínguez Luis Carlos
Published: March 2024

Introducción y objetivos. El concepto de fragilidad adquiere cada vez mayor relevancia en cirugía. La relación entre fragilidad, muerte y complicaciones en cirugía abdominal de urgencia, no ha sido totalmente estudiada. Tampoco existe información en la población colombiana. El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer la relación entre la fragilidad quirúrgica en una cohorte de adultos mayores sometidos a cirugía abdominal de urgencia, y la tasa de mortalidad, morbilidad y readmisión en los primeros 30 días del periodo posoperatorio. Materiales y métodos. Se utilizó la escala de fragilidad clínica del Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA Clinical Frailty Scale) en pacientes mayores de 65 años con enfermedad quirúrgica abdominal de urgencia. Se determinó la tasa de fragilidad quirúrgica al ingreso, y se comparó su asociación independiente con los factores sociodemográficos, clínicos y quirúrgicos, frente a los resultados propuestos. Se hizo un análisis multivariado y un análisis de supervivencia para corroborar la asociación. Resultados. Se incluyeron 300 pacientes. El 15 % presentó algún grado de fragilidad (CSHA Clinical Frailty Scale mayor de 5). La tasa global de mortalidad fue de 14 % (42 pacientes), la morbilidad fue de 27,6 % (83 pacientes) y la readmisión de 15,67 % (47 pacientes). El principal factor independiente asociado con mortalidad, fue la presencia de fragilidad (CSHA Clinical Frailty Scale mayor de 5) (OR=4,49; p<0,001; IC95% 1,79- 11,24). La fragilidad también fue un factor asociado con morbilidad (OR=2,78; p<0,014; IC95% 1,23-6,28), junto con una estancia hospitalaria de más de12 días (OR=6,83; p<0,001; IC95% 3,49-13,36). Los principales factores de readmisión fueron la desnutrición (OR=1,97; p<0,04; IC95% 1-3,86) y el antecedente de cirugía mayor (OR=2,27; p<0,04; IC95% 1-4,99). Conclusión. La fragilidad quirúrgica es un factor asociado a la morbilidad y mortalidad posoperatorias en cirugía abdominal de urgencia en el adulto mayor. Esta asociación no se demuestra con la tasa de readmisión. Se requieren intervenciones adicionales para controlar este factor en el periodo perioperatorio, las cuales deben ser evaluadas en nuevos estudios.
“Plan pantera”, trauma militar en Colombia
Authors: Camargo Julián , Pérez Luis E. , Franco Carlos , Rodríguez Erwin , Sánchez William
Published: March 2024

Introducción. El impacto en la atención médica de los heridos en una larga guerra irregular de Colombia con la guerrilla y, más recientemente, con los narcotraficantes y las bandas criminales emergentes, originó el desarrollo de una estrategia de atención médica que garantizara un tratamiento rápido, eficaz y óptimo, con la mayor probabilidad de supervivencia del herido de guerra y una rehabilitación satisfactoria. Método. El plan estratégico de atención del trauma militar se empezó a desarrollar en el año 2000 y se implementó en el 2004 bajo el nombre de Plan Pantera. Se basó en el modelo de Haddon, conformando siete pasos sucesivos de acción y atención médica militar. Se presentan los resultados del proyecto, desde su inicio hasta el año 2010. Resultados. En el periodo comprendido entre enero del 2005 y diciembre del 2010, hubo 8.631 heridos en combate de las Fuerzas Militares de Colombia; 2.462 fueron muertos en la escena de las operaciones militares (28,5 %). Las acciones de los equipos EMEREVAC y GATRA permitieron una reducción muy significativa de la mortalidad en el campo de batalla. La mortalidad hospitalaria del último nivel de atención para pacientes con trauma mayor (ISS>15), fue de 2,3 %. Conclusiones. La estrategia de desarrollo del plan de atención médica en el paciente herido en combate, debe contemplar todas las variables que se pueden incluir dentro de un análisis de la matriz de Haddon. El Plan Pantera, como pilar de atención en las Fuerzas Militares de Colombia, ha sido exitoso y ha permitido una mayor probabilidad de supervivencia del herido en combate. Todo plan de atención médica del paciente traumatizado y críticamente enfermo, en especial en la medicina militar, debe estar fundamentado en la fortaleza de la formación continua académica y educativa de cada uno de los integrantes de los equipos de trabajo.
ANTI-RUSSIAN NARRATIVES OF YURIY SHVETS (ON THE MATERIALS OF HIS AUTHOR’S YOUTUBE CHANNEL)
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Zhytaryuk Maryan , Ivanova Iryna ,   Semen Kuznets National University of Economics of Kharkiv
Published: March 2024

The article considers the problem of the representation of anti-military narratives in the Internet space, namely in the YouTube channel. The focus is on the anti-military blog of Yuri Shvets (USA). The world, and especially the European media space, has undergone significant changes in the last few years, which are primarily related to innovative technologies and the war raging in Eastern Europe. Such transformations attract research attention, determine the relevance of the presented work. Attention is focused on the anti-military and anti-russian content of the American blogger of Ukrainian origin Yuriy Shvets on the materials of his author’s YouTube channel. The methodological basis of the study. Quantitative and qualitative comparison of the thematic sections of the research object – Yuriy Shvets’ YouTube blogging for the purpose of implementing the research subject – journalistic, (geo)political, conceptual analysis and generalization of the blogger’s anti-imperial and anti-military narratives. The issue of Ukraine’s victory and russia’s defeat is the most pressing issue for Ukraine’s true allies and partners. The purpose of this article is to show the pro-Ukrainian position of the American blogger Y. Shvets in his long verbal struggle with the putin regime based on anti-russian blogging during russia’s full-scale war in Ukraine. The analysis of Yuriy Shvets’ YouTube channel shows the technological possibilities of the latest media platforms, the transformation and convergence of traditional mass media. Social networks, messengers and YouTube will continue to grow in audience and influence. Keywords: Ukraine, russian federation, russia’s aggression against Ukraine, anti-russian narratives, Yuryy Shvets’ YouTube channel, blogging, review of American media, US aid, geopolitics.
THE TOPIC OF WAR ON THE PAGES OF WOMEN’S ONLINE MEDIA (DUE TO THE RESULTS OF THE CONTENT ANALYSIS OF THE MATERIALS “UKRAINKA”, “4 MAMA”, “WONDER UKRAINE”, “SLUTCH.UA” AND “DIVOCHE. MEDIA”)
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kitsa Mariana , Mudra Iryna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: March 2024

Main objectives of the study. Women’s online media make up a significant part of the Ukrainian media market. There are online magazines, online newspapers, online sites of printed women’s publications on the Internet, and there are those resources that simply call themselves sites for women, but by all indications we can classify them as online media. The content of women’s mass media is mainly characterized by narrow thematic content, gender orientation, light and positive content. But on February 24, 2022, Russian troops invaded the territory of Ukraine on a full scale, and the content of many Ukrainian women’s online media also underwent changes. The topic of war appeared in the content of online media for women. However, some women’s online media haven`t changed their content and main topics. The purpose of the study is to show how women’s online media publish war-related material on their pages. The set goal involves solving the following tasks: to find out how are women’s Ukrainian online media functioning in 2022-2023; select those whose pages contain materials about the war; to analyze military-themed publications in women’s online media. The subject of the research is materials related to the Russian-Ukrainian war in women’s online media (“Ukrainki”, “4 Mama”, “Wonder Ukraine”, “Clutch.ua”, “Divoche. Media”) for 2022-2023. The novelty of the study is that for the first time the content of women’s online media (“Ukrainki”, “4 Mama”, “Wonder Ukraine”, “Clutch.ua”, “Divoche. Media”) on the topic of the war for 2022-2023 was investigated. Findings. It was examined that the genre palette of materials is diverse, but informational materials still predominate. In terms of topics, the following prevail: social and everyday problems, psychological problems, volunteering, military, activities of showbiz stars during the war, migration (refugees), occupation, stories from life, news of events from the life of the country and the world. Keywords: women’s magazines, online media for women, Russian-Ukrainian war, content, topic.
Words of Japanese origin in Romanian dictionaries of recent words
Authors:   Universitatea din București, Focșeneanu Anca
Published: March 2024

In this study, we discuss the status and features of the words of Japanese origin in Romanian, based on Romanian dictionaries of neologisms and recent words. Several studies on different types of dictionaries of European languages show that, in recent decades, most borrowings into Western languages from a language outside the Western cultural space come from Japanese. A careful analysis demonstrates that this tendency can be also identified in the recent lexical dynamics of the Romanian language. First, we outline the context and objectives of the paper and discuss some terminological issues. This is followed by a short historical background and a presentation of the Romanian dictionaries used to collect the corpus. Quantitative information is provided regarding the data from each dictionary. Finally, we proceed to a qualitative analysis of the data.
Chris Cummins & Napoleon Katsos (eds.). 2019. The Oxford Handbook of Experimental Semantics and Pragmatics. (Review)
Authors:   Beijing Foreign Studies University, Xu Huan
Published: March 2024

review
A common view on broad and contrastive focus events
Authors:   Institute of Computer Science, Romanian Academy, Iași, Jitcă Doina , Marușcă Samuel ,   University of London
Published: March 2024

This paper proposes a cognitive view on sentence stress patterns to discuss focus elements in both broad and narrow focus contexts. The cognitive perspective is based on the hypothesis that prosodic phrases correspond at the cortical level to cognitive binary relations between speech objects of utterances. On this view, cognitive relations are produced by a generic information packaging (IPk) mechanism that pairs constituents with different cognitive functions. At the utterance level, cognitive relations are implemented by prosodic phrases (relations) where different pitch features mark their two functional constituents. Our proposal is to assign sentence stress patterns with corresponding cognitive structural patterns of utterances. One of the two constituents of cognitive and prosodic relations is nuclear and projects its cognitive function to the whole cognitive unit which it belongs to. The paper proposes a nuclear accent analysis by connecting the cognitive functions of constituents with their phonetic/phonological features. The contours analyzed in the paper as hierarchies of cognitive/prosodic relations are selected from those used by Ladd (2008) to exemplify sentence stress patterns in broad focus statements with ascending and descending contours, and in contrastive focus statements. We conclude that, in the new perspective, different cognitive structural patterns can be assigned to contrastive/broad focus statements in different semantic contexts.
Priority areas for marine protection in the Amundsen and Bellingshausen Seas, Antarctica
Authors: Boothroyd Anne , Adams Vanessa , Hill Nicole , Alexander Karen
Published: March 2024

Global marine environments are increasingly exposed to the stressors of climate change and human activities. International conservation agreements recommend establishing systems of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in each of the world’s oceans to protect marine biodiversity and ensure the sustainability of socio-ecological systems. In Antarctica’s Southern Ocean, the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) is incrementally planning and implementing regional MPAs, with the aim to establish a large-scale, representative circumpolar system for the Convention Area. The Domain 9 planning region, covering the Amundsen and Bellingshausen Seas in West Antarctica, remains unplanned for and unprotected. Here, we use a Systematic Conservation Planning (SCP) approach and planning scenarios to identify a set of spatial conservation priorities for Domain 9 that meet CCAMLR MPA objectives and are robust to various planning considerations of Southern Ocean stakeholders. We show where differences in targets and data inputs influence priority area selection and their spatial relationship with areas of fisheries interest. Our results provide priority areas for a Domain 9 MPA to contribute to the ongoing development of the circumpolar Southern Ocean MPA system, with methods that are broadly applicable for MPA planning in other Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction.
Biomechanical evaluation of syndesmotic fixation techniques via finite element analysis: Screw vs. suture button
Authors: Alastruey-López Diego , Seral Belen , Pérez María Ángeles
Published: March 2024

Background and Objective

Tibiofibular syndesmotic injuries may cause degenerative changes, reduction in ankle function and compromising ankle stability. Different fixation techniques try to restore its functionality. Screw-fixation is the gold-standard. Recently, suture-button fixation has aroused the attention because it allows for physiologic micromotion while maintaining an accurate reduction. The aim of this study is to compare the biomechanical behaviour of both fixation techniques using the finite element method.

Methods

A three-dimensional finite element model of the tibiofibular joint was reconstructed simulating the intact ankle and the injured syndesmosis. Then, different methods of syndesmosis fixation were analysed: screws (number of cortices, number of screws and distance between screws) and suture buttons (single, double parallel and double divergent with a sensitivity analysis on the pretension forces) configuration. Ligaments and cartilages were included and simulated as spring elements. Physiological loads during stance phase were simulated.

Results

Syndesmosis widening and von Mises stresses were computed. Syndesmosis widening in the injured configuration compromised joint stability (2.06 mm), whereas using a single quadricortical screw (0.18 mm) stiffened the joint. Syndesmosis widening using suture-buttons were closer to syndesmosis widening of the intact ankle configuration (0.97 mm). Von Mises stresses were higher for the titanium screws than for the suture buttons.

Conclusions

A detailed biomechanical comparison among different syndesmotic fixation was performed. Suture buttons have advantages with regard to syndesmosis widening in comparison to screw fixation. This fact supports the good long-term clinical results obtained with suture buttons fixation. The proposed methodology could be an efficient tool for preoperative planning.
Analyzing Test-Taking Behaviors Through Process Data Using the IRT Explanatory Model for Guessing
Authors: Pokropek Artur , Khorramdel Lale
Published: March 2024

Guessing behavior is a known problem in international large-scale assessments (ILSAs), and it can impact the assessment's reliability and validity by introducing random error and bias. Testing and accounting for such biases is essential in ensuring the accuracy and comparability of test scores and secondary analysis results. This chapter proposes a flexible item response theory (IRT) modeling approach for guessing behavior: the IRT Explanatory Model for Guessing (IRT-EMG). The IRT-EMG combines mixture models with response time and other process data information (number of actions) from computer-based ILSAs. It presents an extension of the grade of membership response time model for detecting guessing behaviors proposed by Pokropek (2016) and is based on the grade of membership (GoM) model (Erosheva, 2005) and the HY-BRID model (Yamamoto, 1989; Yamamoto & Everson, 1997). We show that IRT-EMG is a generalization of the classical 3PL-IRT model and that the 3PL-IRT model could be presented as a restricted case of the IRT-EMG. This chapter describes the features and advantages of the IRT-EMG model and illustrates its application on data from the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC). Results show how information about different characteristics of items, respondents, and process data (response time, number of actions) might help detect different types of guessing behaviors and identify items that are particularly prone to guessing.
Anxiety Identity Centrality Is Associated With Avoidant Coping in Anxious Adults
Authors: Ahuvia Isaac , Eberle Jeremy William , Schleider Jessica L. , Teachman Bethany
Published: March 2024

Background. Some have suggested that labeling oneself as having clinical anxiety may promote avoidant coping, which is associated with poor clinical outcomes. However, the construct of anxiety identity centrality (seeing one’s anxiety as relatively important to one's self-concept) has rarely been assessed, and its relationship with avoidant coping has not been investigated. Methods. In a sample of N = 1,234 trait anxious adults, we analyzed the relationship between anxiety identity centrality and situational and experiential avoidance (preregistration: https://osf.io/g8qh9/). A Bayesian ordered probit regression framework was used to model the relationships between ordinal variables. Results. As hypothesized, anxiety identity centrality showed small-to-medium positive correlations with situational (r = .42, p < .001) and experiential (r = .12, p < .001) avoidance. After controlling for anxiety symptom severity, anxiety identity centrality was still positively associated with situational (b = 0.34, 95% credible interval [0.22, 0.48]) and experiential (b = 0.13, 95% CI [0.03, 0.28]) avoidance. Limitations. The present study is cross-sectional; we cannot infer causal or temporal relationships between anxiety identity centrality and avoidant coping. Conclusions. Anxiety identity centrality is a reliable correlate of avoidant coping that can be measured with a single-item ordinal measure. Future research should investigate their causal relationship.