bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate change impact on hydrological characteristics and water availability of the Mountain Pamir Rivers
Authors: Normatov Inom , Normatov Parviz
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Results of monitoring accumulated snow cover in upstream areas of the Transboundary Pyanj River (Central Asia) are presented. It is found that the formation of the snow cover and the spatial distribution of atmospheric precipitation in the Mountain Pamir is determined by the orography of the terrain. Orography influences air mass movement in mountain areas, which contributes in different climatic zones to a shift in periods when the maximum amount of snow is falling. Completely different scenarios for the development of meteorological variables in the western and eastern parts of the Gunt River Basin were found, due, firstly, to the influence of the mountainous area orography and, secondly, to the penetration of various air masses. It is observed that in the western part of the basin the average annual precipitation remained almost unchanged over the period 1944–2014, whereas there is a decreasing trend in the eastern part. Assessment of the climate change impact on the formation of the Gunt River water flow was made by comparing the trend in the change of discharge using data from two observation periods 1940–1970 and 1986–2016. Calculations show a decrease of the Gunt River discharge by 5 % over a period of more than 70 years. The influence of climate warming on the river flow is indicated by comparison of river hydrograph in two periods 1940–1970 and 1986–2016. The hydrograph of the Vanch River in the earlier-mentioned periods shows a shift in the maximum of the monthly discharge towards the left, indicating an earlier melting of snow and glaciers in the upstream regions of the river and a significant increase in discharge in the period 1986–2016.
Past and future drought in Northwestern Algeria: the Beni Bahdel Dam catchment
Authors: Bouabdelli Senna , Zeroual Ayoub , Meddi Mohamed , Djelloul Fateh , Alkama Ramdane
Published: September 2020

Abstract. In last decades, the impact of climate change started to appear in the semi-arid regions of the Mediterranean Basin. The severity and frequency of drought events in Northwestern Algeria have affected water resources availability and agriculture. This study aims to evaluate the temporal evolution of drought events characteristics, such as drought duration, frequency and severity, of the Beni Bahdel Dam catchment, Northwestern Algeria. Drought characteristics have been derived from the Standardized precipitation index (SPI) computed for the period from 1941 to 2100 using precipitation data from observations and simulations of the regional climate model RCA4 (Rossby Centre Atmosphere model, version 4). The RCA4 model was forced by the global circulation model MPI-ESM-LR under two
Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) scenarios. The ability of the
model simulations was firstly assessed to reproduce the drought
characteristics from observed data (1951–2005). Then, future changes in
drought characteristics over the twenty-first century were investigated
under the two scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). Results show an amplification of drought frequencies and durations in the future under the RCP8.5 scenario.
Climate change impact on water resources in Klong Yai River Basin, Thailand
Authors: Ekkawatpanit Chaiwat , Pratoomchai Weerayuth , Khemngoen Chatchapol , Srivihok Patchanok
Published: September 2020

Abstract. There is a 95 % scientific consensus that human
activities contributed to climate change and altered hydrological processes.
This study focused on a regional scale climate change impact assessment on
water resources in the Klong Yai River basin in Thailand using multiple
Global Climate Models (GCMs) under 3 scenarios of greenhouse gas emission
called the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCPs), i.e., low (RCP2.6),
intermediate (RCP4.5), and high (RCP8.5) scenarios. According to the
projections, surface air temperature will increase relative to the reference
period (1991–2000). Maximum surface air temperature is projected to increase
around 0.3–1.35 ∘C. Precipitation in the near future (2017–2026
and 2027–2036) shows an increasing trend. The projected precipitation and
temperature were used in the SWAT model for the Klong Yai River basin in
order to assess the amount of inflow into reservoirs under the climate
change conditions. Despite the future projections still have an uncertainty,
but it is useful as a guideline for managing of our water resources and
planning.
Response to “A Student’s Right to Freedom of Education”
Authors: Benner Mikayla
Published: September 2020

Dr. Eugene Matusov’s article “A Student’s Right to Freedom of Education,” promotes a system of education which is vastly different from how education has been generally approached for the past century. Matusov writes that freedom in education is an integral part to what education means (Matusov, SF3). This is my response to his article.
Catulo traducido por José Ángel Valente. 'Versión de Catulo' en 'Nada está escrito', seguido de 'Anales de Volusio' en 'El inocente'
Authors: Valenciano Adrián
Published: September 2020

La aproximación a otros autores desde la práctica de las versiones ha sido un modo de escritura llevado a cabo por numerosos escritores como ejercicio literario y diálogo poético con la tradición. En el presente artículo se plantean los siguientes objetivos; en  primer lugar, poner en valor el recurso de la versión empleado por un José Ángel Valente en sus más tempranos inicios literarios a partir del poema “Versión de Catulo”, incluido en su poemario de juventud Nada está escrito (1952-1953), y publicado póstumamente; en segundo, resaltar la reiterada práctica de la versión desde el estudio del poema “Anales de Volusio”, una recreación inspirada en el carmen XXVI del poeta latino, incluida en el séptimo poemario de Valente, El inocente (1967-1970). En ambos casos se observa cómo pasa de la lectura del original a la traducción más libre.
La literatura de los márgenes y su contribución a la literatura gótica española: Agustín Pérez Zaragoza
Authors: Agustí Aparisi Carme
Published: September 2020

Agustín Pérez Zaragoza es, posiblemente, el máximo representante de lo que se ha venido llamando “el gótico español”. Sus relatos, recopilados, traducidos y adaptados, sobre todo de la literatura anglosajona, representan una buena incursión en las características de lo gótico. Proponemos en este trabajo, siguiendo La morada de un parricida o el triunfo del remordimiento de su Galería fúnebre, revalorizar una literatura de márgenes, consumida principalmente por mujeres, así como analizar qué elementos comparte el relato con la literatura gótica en general, y cuáles son propios del llamado “gótico español”, influenciado por lo grotesco, lo sublime y lo macabro que ya estaban presentes en la sociedad española del siglo XVIII.
Investigating the relationship between individual differences and island sensitivity
Authors: Pham Catherine , Covey Lauren , Gabriele Alison , Aldosari Saad , Fiorentino Robert
Published: September 2020

It is well-attested that native speakers tend to give low acceptability ratings to sentences that involve movement from within islands, yet the source of island effects remains an active debate. The grammatical account posits that island effects result from syntactic constraints on wh-movement, whereas the resource-limitation view posits that low ratings emerge due to processing-related constraints on the parser, such that islands themselves present processing bottlenecks. The current study addresses this debate by investigating the relationship between island sensitivity and individual differences in cognitive abilities, as it has been argued that the two views make distinct predictions regarding whether a relationship should hold. Building directly on Sprouse et al. (2012a), we tested 102 native English speakers on 4 island types (whether, complex NP, subject, and adjunct islands) using an acceptability judgment task with wh-questions presented in context to quantify island sensitivity and three cognitive tasks to capture individual differences in working memory (via reading span and counting span task) and attentional control (via a number Stroop task). Our methodological approach takes into account several criticisms that have been made of Sprouse et al.’s (2012a; b) work, particularly the criticisms outlined in Hofmeister et al. (2012a; b). Our results reveal strong island sensitivity effects across all island types. However, individual differences in cognitive abilities do not strongly modulate island sensitivity. These results suggest that island effects emerge due to the existence of syntactic constraints and not because of processing difficulties, in line with the grammatical account.
THE NON-TARIFF COSTS OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN BRAZIL
Authors: Da Silva Orlando Monteiro , Moreira Felipe Dias Gomes
Published: September 2020

: Esse estudo avalia a evolução dos custos não tarifários do comércio internacional do Brasil com o MERCOSUL e com outros quatro blocos econômicos cujos países perfazem mais de 80% do comércio do país. Os custos bilaterais não tarifários, para os setores agrícola e de manufaturados, foram obtidos pela subtração da média geométrica das tarifas cobradas por cada par de parceiros comerciais dos custos totais desses setores. Os resultados mostraram que, diferente dos demais blocos, onde ocorreu queda contínua nas tarifas e nos custos não tarifários, esses últimos foram crescentes no MERCOSUL. O fator que mais contribuiu para a redução dos custos não tarifários foi a participação dos países no MERCOSUL, indicando que prioridade deveria ser dada na implementação plena do Acordo entre os países membros.
Structural and technical changes in Brazil:
Authors: Morrone Henrique
Published: September 2020

The aim of this paper is to investigate the declining coefficient hypothesis to Brazil during the 2003-2013 period. It uses statistical methods applied by Obstlom (1992) and Aroche-Reyes (1995), to verify the pattern of technical change in Brazil. We built the input-output tables employing the methodology developed by Guilhoto and Sesso (2005). The results indicate a change in the structure of the economy, leading to a decrease in Leontief's direct technical coefficients. The Brazilian economy presented a positive economic preformance, from 2003 to 2013, marked by a rise in the productivity of inputs.
Displacing Autophobia in The Faerie Queene, Book 1: Ethics, Gender, and Oppositional Reading in the Spenserian Text
Authors: Berger Harry
Published: September 2020

An extended reading of The Faerie Queene, Book 1 to argue for the text’s resistance to Elizabethan ideologies of gender that inform the allegory. This chapter engages a range of modern criticism to argue against privileging context over text. The readings focus on in particular on Archimago as embodying a “castration principle” informed by the complex interplay of autophobia, gynephobia, misautia, and misogyny.
Carnivals of Heterodoxy in Abdelwahab Meddeb’s Talismano
Authors: El Shakry Hoda
Published: September 2020

Chapter 2 analyzes Tunisian writer and critic Abdelwahab Meddeb’s (1946–2014) wildly experimental 1979 novel Talismano. The labyrinthine text takes the reader on a hallucinatory journey through Tunisia’s topography—historical and contemporary, imagined and mythical—through a multitude of languages, temporalities, and religious discourses. The story presciently traces the evolution of a popular rebellion as it winds its way through the cityscape of Tunis’s medina bearing a retinue of prophets, artisans, sorceresses, alchemists, and prostitutes. The chapter examines Meddeb’s polemical attack on Bourguiba-era Tunisia, in which hegemonic power is simultaneously concentrated in state and religious institutions. Talismano subsequently demonstrates the co-constitutional nature of religious and state epistemologies, as well as their attendant institutions and discourses. The novel counteracts these forces in its rescripting of the Qurʾan, as well as its invocation of Sufi figures, texts, and rituals. The chapter contextualizes Talismano’s Sufi poetics within the Meddeb’s polemical critical writings against “orthodox” Sunni Islam.
Toward a Contrapuntal Double Critique of Colonial Modernity
Authors: Fieni David
Published: September 2020

While some postcolonial critics have championed Abdelkebir Khatibi’s notion of “double critique” over Edward Said’s method of “contrapuntal reading” (Lionnet), this conclusion argues for a novel way of combining these two approaches. Khatibi’s elaboration of the intersign and his deployment of the intersemiotic in his work illustrate a way of reading both the positive and negative signs of the decay of colonial modernity, while also gauging the spaces and intervals between them. Saidian contrapuntal reading allows critics to account for the historical sedimentation of knowledge and how it is built up in specific languages but not in others. Contrapuntal double critique, then, can deconstruct the oppositions constitutive of the field of imperialist discourse without disabling oppositional, anti-imperialist critique. The conclusion outlines Khatibi’s transcolonial Maghrebi traveling theory, which is explored in his writing on Jean Genet and in the explication of his own novel Un Été à Stockholm. It ends by questioning the category of “francophone literature” as a monolingual, self-contained version of comparative literature.
Pauline Ugliness
Authors: Løland Ole Jakob
Published: September 2020

Paul has been rediscovered outside of the apostle’s traditional religious reading circles, particularly among radical leftist philosophers such as Giorgio Agamben, Alain Badiou, and Slavoj Žižek. This is the first book to historically and philosophically situate the forerunner of this recent philosophical turn to Paul, the Jewish rabbi and philosopher Jacob Taubes (1923–1987). Paul becomes an effective tool for Taubes to position himself within European philosophical debates of the twentieth century, a position he gains through Nietzsche’s polemical readings of the ancient apostle as well as through Freud’s psychoanalysis. Taubes performs a powerful deconstruction of dominant conceptions of the apostle, such as the view that Paul is the first Christian who broke definitively with Judaism and drained Christianity of its political potential. As a Jewish rabbi steeped in a philosophical tradition marked by European Christianity, Taubes is able to emphasize Paul’s Jewishness as well as the political explosiveness of the apostle’s revolutionary doctrine of the cross. For Taubes, the Pauline movement was the birth of a politics of ugliness, the invention of a revolutionary notion trenchantly critical of the “beautiful” culture of the powerful, a movement which sides definitively with the oppressed—the “crucified”—against the strong. Building on Nietzsche’s and Taubes’s insights, Løland suggests future directions that readings of Paul the apostle might lead in light of recent biblical scholarship on Paul and current discussions of the Pauline epistles within reading circles of the continental philosophers.
Paul and Philosophy
Authors: Løland Ole Jakob
Published: September 2020

Taubes’s readings of Paul demonstrate a hermeneutical art of disagreement within the intellectual life of post-Holocaust Europe. Taubes is a reader who looks for intellectual enemies with whom he can achieve a true disagreement without dismissing their true insights, whether they are historical or philosophical. This hermeneutic is not unattached to Taubes’s Jewish background but reflects a Talmudic spirit inherent within Taubes’s idiosyncratic readings of Paul. Moreover, Taubes’s readings are attuned to nuances, ambivalences, and contradictions within Paul, as Taubes powerfully demonstrates in his exegesis of 1 Corinthians. With the help of Nietzsche’s polemical reading of this Pauline epistle, Taubes detects the instances where Paul’s doctrine of the cross revolutionizes ancient perceptions and passages that contain the power to neutralize this very same conceptual revolution. This results in Taubes’s image of a contradictory apostle, who can be used throughout history for various purposes. In Taubes’s case, Paul becomes a messianic thinker and part of Taubes’s efforts to establish a powerful synthesis of the insights of Walter Benjamin and Carl Schmitt—against what Taubes considers as the merely aesthetic tradition of “critical theory” in Theodor Adorno that remains indifferent to the historical struggles of the excluded.
Conclusion
Authors: Løland Ole Jakob
Published: September 2020

Paul is a figure through whom Jacob Taubes can discern his true disagreement with his intellectual opponents, such as Friedrich Nietzsche. The Pauline epistles provide some perspectives for Taubes to reconsider the Christian culture that shaped his identity as a German-speaking Jew in a post-Holocaust Europe. These texts are useful for this particular reader to reconsider history without ever fully separating it from philosophy. The contemporary philosophical turn to Paul, considered by taking Taubes as its prime example, can partly be explained by these philosophers’ (Taubes, Badiou, Agamben, Žižek) attraction to Paul as an antinomian figure, a figure of lawlessness and freedom from law that can lead to apocalyptic violence (for Taubes) or pave the way for an existential and political break with the domain of law, as in the philosophies of Alain Badiou and Slavoj Žižek. While these two continental philosophers draw upon other readings of the apostle than Taubes’s, Giorgio Agamben bases his readings of Paul on several aspects in Taubes’s works. Nonetheless, the call from Taubes to reinterpret Paul through Freud and Nietzsche is more consistently followed in the recent work of Ward Blanton.
Among Fanciulli
Authors: McGlazer Ramsey
Published: September 2020

This chapter reads Giovanni Pascoli’s boarding school idyll Paedagogium, a poem written in Latin in 1903, alongside his educational writings, including the essay “Pensieri scolastici,” made famous by Giorgio Agamben. In his reading of the essay Agamben abstracts the fanciullino, the small child privileged in Pascoli’s poetics, from the contexts in which the poet wrote and taught, making this child into the bearer of a “voice” prior to any and every particular instance of human speech. This reading has the advantage of drawing our attention to Pascoli’s striking claim that “the language of poetry is always a dead language.” The chapter contends, however, that Agamben obscures the things that Pascoli’s poetry does with “dead language.” The chapter returns Pascoli’s “Pensieri scolastici” to the context of its first publication: a journal for schoolteachers in which Pascoli warned of threats to the old school, but also to poetry and thought as such. Against such threats, and opposing Giovanni Gentile’s pedagogical philosophy, Paedagogium calls for the preservation of the past in its difference from the present and of the dead language in its difference from the living. Pascoli thus turns out not to celebrate, but rather to take instructive distance from, the nation.
Plant Societies and Enlightened Vegetality
Authors: Meeker Natania , Szabari Antónia
Published: September 2020

This chapter investigates the emergence, in the form of an enlightened plant, of utopian theories of vegetal sociability in the eighteenth century, at a time that witnesses the proliferation of schemes for botanical classification and physiological inquiries into plant life. These theories both herald and resist the development of classificatory systems and a biopolitics modeled on vegetal life. Authors Ludvig Holberg (1684–1754) and Tiphaigne de la Roche (1722–1774) create new narratives of liberal and rationally-governed societies by peopling them with plants. Yet these utopian visions are not only hopeful, they also bring into view a plant that troubles the very concept of society by existing in a state of utter indifference to need and human desire. Thus these works also make visible the possibility of an alternate conception of modernity in which the plant delivers a powerful critique of enlightenment itself.
The End of the World by Other Means
Authors: Meeker Natania , Szabari Antónia
Published: September 2020

The fifth chapter investigates the way in which early avant-garde French cinema takes up the very forms of vegetal sentience and plant-inspired calamity that so terrified Edgar Allan Poe, thereby rewriting the plant once again as an opening onto new worlds. In these films the “inorganic” function of vegetality—as linked to and inspiring new forms of technology and new means of sociability—returns in the visual domain, generating an “electric plant” that retains its utopian dimensions and its power to deprioritize the human. Thus avant-garde vegetal cinema ties the plant once again to a tradition of speculation that extends into the production and creation of new media capable of apprehending and imitating the subtle materiality of vegetal being. The “electric plant” brings to fruition the concept of cinema as a form of pure movement. The French experimental cinema discussed in this chapter reinvents the project of imagining vegetal worlds, this time in cinematic contexts. While filmmakers and theorists Jean Epstein (1897–1953) and Germaine Dulac (1882–1942) turn with excitement toward vegetality, other contemporaneous artists, including Colette (1873–1954), re-inscribe the plant into the domain of ordinary experience and human pathos.
The Disposition of Nature
Authors: Wenzel Jennifer
Published: September 2020

What role have literature and other cultural imagining played in shaping understandings of the world and the planet, for better and for worse? How might the formal innovations, rhetorical appeals, and sociological imbrication of world literature help confront unevenly distributed environmental challenges, including global warming? This book examines the rivalry between world literature and postcolonial theory from the perspective of environmental humanities, Anthropocene anxiety, and the material turn. Drawing its examples primarily from Africa and South Asia, it takes a contrapuntal approach to sites and subjects dispersed in time and space. Reading for the planet means reading from near to there: across experiential divides, between specific sites, at more than one scale. Recurrent concerns across the chapters are the multinational corporation (and the colonial charter company) as a vector of globalization and source of cultural imaginings and environmental harm; who (or what) can be regarded as a person; scenes of world-imagining from below in which characters or documentary subjects situate their experience within a transnational context; and formal strategies that invite reflexivity from the audience, in order to register, at the level of literary form, the uneven universality of vulnerability to environmental harm. The book argues for the relevance of the literary to environmental thought and practice. An understanding of cultural imagining and narrative logics can foster more robust accounts of global inequality, to energize movements for justice and livable futures.
Reading for the Planet
Authors: Wenzel Jennifer
Published: September 2020

The introduction situates world literature and the Anthropocene as instances of broader dynamics of world-imagining and a recent shift toward the global as a scale of analysis. It offers an expanded narrative of globalization, by looking back to moments of capitalist expansion that precede neoliberalism and by recognizing the environment (particularly in colonial peripheries) as globalization’s material condition of possibility as well as its product. Describing the book’s interdisciplinary approach to cultural imagining and environmental crisis, the introduction shows how understandings of nature are mediated by literary tropes and narrative forms and genres in way that precede and exceed representation in any particular text; cultural logics shape what counts as nature or crisis. Therefore, a facility with the literary is broadly relevant to environmental thought and action, and the purview of ecocriticism ranges far beyond texts explicitly “about” the environment. The introduction argues for legibility (not visibility) as the goal of analysis: under what conditions can environmental injustice be read, understood, and apprehended? A reading of Robert Kaplan’s “The Coming Anarchy” and Henrietta Rose-Innes’s “Poison” demonstrates the limitations of eco-apocalypse as a mode of imagining futurity, which tends to ignore histories of imperialism and inequality that shape the present.
Hijacking the Imagination: How to Tell the Story of the Niger Delta
Authors: Wenzel Jennifer
Published: September 2020

This chapter examines texts about the Niger Delta in several genres (Ogaga Ifowodo’s poem The Oil Lamp; fiction by Uwem Akpan, Helon Habila, and Ben Okri; the photo-essay anthology Curse of the Black Gold; Sandy Cioffi’s film Sweet Crude). Juxtaposing political ecology’s analysis of natural resource conflicts with Benedict Anderson’s notion of imagined communities, the chapter argues that the relationships among petroleum extraction, literary production, and national imagining in Nigeria are better described as un-imagining, a corollary of underdevelopment as a transitive process of unmaking. Postcolonial citizenship entails a struggle over key questions: What is the state for? To whom do natural resources belong? Oil hijacks the imagination, promising wealth without work, progress without the passage of time. This dynamic manifests as petro-magic-realism, a literary variant of the resource curse hypothesis that blames the ills of resource extraction on the substance rather than social relations. The execution of Ken Saro-Wiwa in 1995 galvanized world attention on the Nigerian petro-state; the subsequent explosion of violence in the Niger Delta can be read as a perverse realization of some of his demands for ethnic autonomy and resource control.
Unbegun Introductions
Authors: Bray Karen
Published: September 2020

“Unbegun Introductions” maps the contemporary state of political theology, most significantly its engagement with postsecularism and autonomist Marxism; the contemporary fields of affect, queer temporality, and crip theories; and gives a brief introduction to process theology. This chapter maps the key fields with which the rest of the manuscript will then constructively play in order to bring to bear the significance of contemporary affect and crip theory for the doing of postmodern and political theology. Interspersed amongst this mapping are narrative scenes—personal stories that bring to the fore the way in which the moods of everyday life function as the contexts from which the assemblages of thinkers come to matter. The introductory chapter refuses to separate the personal mood from the political or philosophical one.
Unreasoned Care
Authors: Bray Karen
Published: September 2020

“Unreasoned Care” returns us to God through a sojourn with Foucault’s archives. This chapter queerly attends to how the Process God as Eros of the Universe might open us to a non-redemptive or counter-salvific and yet ethically attentive theology that sticks with the mad we’ve condemned, confined, and left unredeemed. Reading with Lynne Huffer’s re-engagement with Foucault’s History of Madness, this chapter argues for an ethics of care for the ghosts of those an emphasis on reason, straightness, saneness, health, and wealth have ransomed for the rise of the productive model citizen. Placing Foucault and Whitehead into conversation offers us a theo-ethic of grave attending to those ransomed for our redemption. Such an encounter helps us to acknowledge the past that has caused the world to be thus, and to salvage dreams of a world that can be otherwise.
Call us nurse champions: Lessons learned in strategic partnership with nurses in clinical research
Authors: Koszalinski Rebecca , Day Theresa , Kyle Clay
Published: September 2020

This manuscript reports the perspectives of nurse managers who participated in a study at a regional medical center. The information is reported through verbatim comments that emerged through a discussion of “lessons learned”. Nursing comments are organized as the conversation flowed. The nurse managers that participated in a recently concluded study were most concerned about how any research study will affect their patients and how nurse workflow may be interrupted. Pre-established meeting times (huddles) worked best for education and training. Further, they suggested incentives may be effective; however, recognition as nurse champions and inclusion of nurse voice are preferred.
Collaborative Learning Through Global Partnerships: Student-Led Community-Engaged Research
Authors: Caspari Jennifer Harsh , Ern Jessica , Bahena Mariela , Herrera Karen , Notice Maxine
Published: September 2020

Public health research in an international setting demands a framework that encourages collaboration between investigators and their host country during the planning stages of the research project and throughout its execution phase. The aim of the current project was to develop a needs assessment with rural Nicaraguan communities. The Community Oriented Primary Care model, which promotes commitment to partnerships and sustainability, was used to guide the needs assessment and research process. A multidisciplinary team of students traveled to three rural communities in Nicaragua to conduct a comprehensive needs assessment, focused on risk factors for cardiovascular disease. In this paper, the authors highlight the experience, challenges, and facilitators experienced by this team of students during the global health research process. Findings indicate using the COPC model as a guide afforded the research team with the opportunity to assess community needs, from community member perspectives, as a first step toward partnering with the community to develop appropriate future intervention projects.
The Potential Impact of Mass Media Education in the Psycho-Social Life and Epidemiology of Sickle Cell Disease in Nigeria
Authors: Okere Samuel , Morka Emmanuel
Published: September 2020

The lack of public awareness and education is the greatest challenge in the fight against Sickle Disease (SCD) in Nigeria. The sufferers of the disease experience debilitating pains, psychological challenges, stigmatization and as a result many have very poor social life style. What enduring step, has the mass media, as a reliable societal medium taken to address the spread of SCD? No serious attention has been given to the use of media technology in the education of the masses on the risk factors of SCD. The mass media has a key role to play in the treatment and management of SCD in Nigeria.
Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Firms Profitability: A Study on Small and Medium Enterprises in Pokhara City, Nepal
Authors: Sigdel Bijay , Amponstira Fuangfa
Published: September 2020

This study's main objective is to investigate the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and Firm's Profitability of Small and Medium enterprises located in Pokhara city, Nepal. The qualitative research design was used for the study under which the researcher collects the data by in-depth interviews through face to face interaction with the two expert government officials and fifteen owner or manager from the Small and Medium enterprises. Interviews are transcribed, coded, and interpreted to analyze the data. The study found that Ethical responsibilities are the most significant factor influencing a firm's profitability, followed by Economic responsibilities, Legal responsibilities, and Philanthropic responsibilities. Small and medium enterprises have issues in the market level, societal level, and government level that can be solved through ease in registering enterprises and improving government policy. It will bring more enterprises to the mainstream level under government subsidiaries, which will contribute more to society's betterment.
Recommendations for sedation outside the operating room during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Suárez Aguilar Liliana
Published: September 2020

The current spread of SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) and its disease COVID-19, has confronted society with a paradigm shift in all fields: political, social, religious, economic, and healthcare is no exception. This has created challenges for the adequate and safe delivery of services for patients and healthcare workers. Notwithstanding the global efforts to contain the spread of the disease, the outbreak continues to escalate. COVID-19 is currently the disease receiving the most attention worldwide; however, patients continue to present other conditions that demand the same level of care to be effectively controlled, so that they do not become another healthcare concern, as a result of potential secondary complications due to poor care. This reflection article gives recommendations to care for patients requiring diagnostic and/or therapeutic procedures under sedation, outside the operating room, keeping the current standards and biosecurity protocols in mind. Moreover, it provides a brief description of the disease, symptoms, diagnosis and transmission routes.
Forest growth trends in the eastern United States
Authors: Loehle Craig
Published: September 2020

Changes over the past century in factors such as temperature, precipitation, fire regimes, ozone, atmospheric CO2, and nitrogen deposition naturally lead to questions about forest growth over this same time period. Determining changes in forest growth over long intervals is complicated by constantly changing growth conditions due to tree maturation, stand self-thinning, disturbance, fires, and other factors. Because a comprehensive review is lacking, results were evaluated from publications examining forest growth trends in the eastern United States over the past 100 years. Available studies used multiple sources of data, including permanent plots, growth models, and tree-ring analysis to evaluate forest growth trends. Reviewed publications (n = 19) reported medium to strong growth enhancement based on a variety of data types over periods exceeding 100 years in some cases. Model-based analyses, which mostly did not include CO2 and nitrogen fertilization effects, had lower estimates of growth enhancement. Results were consistent for different study lengths and data types. No study reported forest-scale growth declines. Factors identified as the cause of enhanced growth varied by study, but included rising CO2 concentrations, N deposition, increased precipitation, and warming temperatures.
The impact of climate change on tourism in Australia – a case study relating to bushfires in Australia in 2019/2020
Authors: Kurleto Małgorzata
Published: September 2020

The main purpose of the study is to offer a preliminary analysis of the impact of Australian bush fires on tourism in the summer season of 2019/2020. The article addresses issues related to global climate change, including Australia. The author discusses the causes and effects of recent catastrophic fires in Australia, focusing on their negative impacts for tourism. Another problem raised in the article is how climate change in Australia causes bushfires that destroy the nature and life of this country. The study mainly analyses the effects of climate change on the natural environment, especially on the most attractive tourist areas in Australia, i.e. national parks. The study uses the latest information to show the effects of damage caused by fires in Australia, especially in tourism. The author concludes that there is a direct relationship between climate change resulting from global warming and tourism demand.
Marine Communities in the Atacama Desert
Authors: Santoro Calogero M. , Castro Victoria , Carter Chris , Valenzuela Daniela
Published: September 2020

Chapter 2 reviews ancient maritime communities for the hyperarid coast of northern Chile and southernmost Peru throughout the Holocene, with focus on the mid-Holocene Archaic Period. Two regions represent the exorheic and arheic coasts: Caleta Vitor (9,500 cal BP through the Inca occupation) and Copaco (mostly 7100 to 5200 cal BP), respectively. Despite some signs of increasing complexity, the authors conclude that maritime societies of this region remained relatively egalitarian up to the Spanish Conquest. In this hyperarid region, marine resources were always extremely important.
The Supply and Consumption of Marine Resources at the Inland Center of Caylán, Coastal Ancash
Authors: Chicoine David , Rojas Carol , Vásquez Víctor , Rosales Teresa
Published: September 2020

Chapter 7 reviews results of zooarchaeological research at Caylán, a large Early Horizon center located 15 km inland in the Nepeña valley on the Peruvian north coast. This dense, urban site was occupied in the Nepeña Phase (800–450 cal BC) the Samanco Phase (450–150 cal BC). Much of the plant and animal food was supplied by external producers or foragers. Marine resources were always important at the site but over time the inhabitants increasingly relied on domestic animals. The authors see little evidence for top-down control of the subsistence economy; animal products moved through multiple networks structured by kinship and other exchange mechanisms.
Historical Archaeology and Indigenous Collaboration
Authors: Gould D. Rae , Herbster Holly , Law Pezzarossi Heather , Mrozowski Stephen A.
Published: September 2020

This multi-authored case study of three Nipmuc sites is an introductory archaeology text that includes a tribal member as one of the scholars. Collaboration between the authors over two decades is a key theme in the book, serving as a model for a primary topic of the book. Historical Archaeology and Indigenous Collaboration engages young scholars in archaeology and Native American history, teaching them about respecting and including indigenous knowledge and perspectives on colonization and indigenous identity. A key asset is access by indigenous peoples whose past is explored in this book. The case study offers an arena in which Nipmuc history continues to unfold, from the pre-Contact period up to the present, and stresses the strong relationships between Nipmuc people of the past and present to their land and related social and political conflicts over time. A double narrative approach (the authors sharing their experiences while exploring the stories of individuals from the past whose voices emerge through their work) explores key issues of continuity, commonality, authenticity and identity many Native people have confronted today and in the past. As a model of collaborative archaeology, the relationships that developed between the authors stress the critical role personal relationships play in the development and growth of scholarly collaborations. Beyond being “engaged,” indigenous peoples need to be integral to any research focused on their history and culture. Although not entirely a new concept, this book demonstrates how collaboration can move beyond engagement and consultation to true incorporation of indigenous knowledge and scholarship.
Threads of Continuity
Authors: Gould D. Rae , Herbster Holly , Mrozowski Stephen A.
Published: September 2020

This chapter explores the long presence of Nipmuc people such as the Wabbaquasset tribe in southern New England for millenia. It reaches back into the pre-contact period and acknowledges the culture change of Native people in this region over time and up to the present. A central topic is the memorialization of places connected to historic figures such as John Eliot, combined with the erasure of Native people who have had connections to this landscape deep into the past, long before European colonization. The history of the praying town period and Christianization of Nipmuc Indians through the efforts of John Eliot in the 17th century and of the seminal King Philip’s War (or Metacom’s Rebellion), and its aftermath on Nipmuc people, are summarized.
Edith Wharton and the Modern Privileges of Age
Authors: Dawson Melanie V.
Published: September 2020

This project explores age-based obsessions of the modern era, situating the charting and interrogation of age among modernity’s central preoccupations, with particular attention to the gendering of old age and the creation of intergenerational conflicts. While chronological considerations privileged the young and tended to exclude those past adulthood, much of modern literature interrogated the age-based forms of standardization rooted in the era’s understanding of personal development. By focusing on the ways that age was constructed so as to uphold the ideal of a coherent, stable self, this literature interrogates theories of development that were believed to govern life trajectories, and with them, ideals about progress, often to the point of envisioning aging as a form of unwelcome dissolution. The era’s literary texts, however, complicated such views by adding to familiar figures of the flapper and the young generation a host of others that broke age thresholds: the mature youth, the youthful adult, the young middle-aged, the rejuvenate, the child bride, the aged, and the ghost. All such figures invited an interrogation of youth’s supposed ascendancy by suggesting that modernity’s age-based privileges were more varied and more widely dispersed than they seemed. If youth appeared dominant in terms of bodily forms and youthful energies, the more mature are revealed as possessing resources, experiences, and strategies that counter the assets of the young, leading to scenarios where the outcomes of intergenerational conflicts were both volatile and unexpected.
Dog Life and Death in an Ancestral Pueblo Landscape
Authors: Monagle Victoria , Jones Emily Lena
Published: September 2020

In this chapter, we apply a landscape framework to our paleopathological and osteological analysis of canids recovered from 5MTUMR 2347, an Ancestral Pueblo site located in Mancos Canyon, Colorado, to explore the roles that dogs filled during and after life in Ancestral Pueblo communities. While previous analyses suggested these dogs were used as a secondary food source and had ritual significance, our approach finds that their different life histories (despite similar burial contexts) reflects the multiple roles played by dogs in the Ancestral Pueblo world. These findings highlight the ways in which the analysis of archaeological dog remains can be used to support indigenous communities in the present day.
The Archaeology of Dogs at the Precontact Site of Nunalleq, Western Alaska
Authors: Masson-MacLean Edouard , McManus-Fry Ellen , Britton Kate
Published: September 2020

Historically and ethnographically dogs have played a prominent role in the lifeways and lifeworlds of many Arctic and sub-Arctic peoples, and are considered to be a vital aspect of adaptation to living in these regions. Excavations at the precontact site of Nunalleq in the Yukon-Kuskokwim (Y-K) Delta in coastal Western Alaska have uncovered a significant proportion of dog bones among the faunal assemblage. The presence of discontinuous permafrost at the site has resulted in the excellent preservation, not only of bone, but also of dog fur and even dog lice in deposits at the site, along with vast organic and inorganic material culture assemblages. Here we present a multi-stranded, cross-disciplinary study of the bioarchaeology and zooarchaeology of dogs at Nunalleq, combining their remains, with the study of material culture, soils and other bodies of evidence, and the ethno-historic record. We go “beyond domestication” and examine the utilitarian role of dogs at Nunalleq, the role in foodways, and in social and symbolic space at the site, providing new insights into this vital aspect of Precontact animal-human relationships in the Y-K Delta.
Conclusion
Authors: Losey Robert J.
Published: September 2020

The study of our long-term relationships with dogs faces many theoretical and methodological challenges. Recent changes in social sciences provide profound new insights on how dogs and humans share their lives. Animals are no longer mere background in stories of human history. Rather, dogs and other animals are critical elements in the assemblages of things interacting to shape our shared experiences and long-term histories. In turn, developments in biological sciences now push us to go beyond analyses of canid remains simply for the purposes of taxonomic identification. Borrowing methods from human osteology and palaeontology, zooarchaeology is increasingly better positioned to explore details of dogs’ lives.
Persistence of the Portrait
Authors: Donoso Macaya Ángeles
Published: September 2020

The first chapter underscores the counter-archival work carried out by the Vicaría de la Solidaridad in the composition of the photographic archive of the detained-disappeared. The chapter also considers the different transformations, displacements, and disseminations endured by the portraits of the detained-disappeared. It considers the critical work of Walter Benjamin, Diana Taylor, and Ann Stoler. The analysis contemplates both the composition of the photographic archive of the portraits and the archive’s dissemination in the public space. I consider the Vicaría’s publications Solidaridad (a biweekly newsletter), Separata Solidaridad (a special issue that focused on particular matters also considered in Solidaridad), and the seven-volume book series ¿Dónde están? (1978–1979). I suggest that the visual representation of the crime of forced disappearances, which took shape with the public display of the portraits, was consolidated in these Vicaría publications, above all in ¿Dónde están? I also study artistic photographic practices devised to display and disseminate these photographic portraits in the public space. The chapter begins and ends with a consideration of Hernán Parada’s action “Obrabierta A” (1974–present), in particular one of its iterations in which the artist uses a photocopied mask of his brother, Alejandro Parada, detained and disappeared since July 1974.
Epilogue
Authors: Donoso Macaya Ángeles
Published: September 2020

The Insubordination of Photography ends with an Epilogue about the 2015 exhibition Chile desde adentro, one of the latest iterations of Chile from Within, a book edited by Susan Meiselas in collaboration with a group of AFI photographers in 1988 and published in New York in 1990. The exhibition centers on photography, postmemory, and the transition from dictatorship to democracy after the Chilean Plebiscite of 1988.
Ceramics, Chronology, and Community
Authors: Nelson Erin S.
Published: September 2020

Chapter 2 focuses on the choices Mississippian potters made in choosing materials, forming, firing, and decorating their pottery, choices that afford archaeologists a way of organizing material culture in space and time. A ceramics analysis based on types, varieties, and attributes is presented here, resulting in a refinement of the phase chronology for the northern Yazoo Basin. Based on the ceramics analysis, site stratigraphy, radiocarbon dates, and a Correspondence Analysis (CA), two chronological sub-phases were identified and their characteristics described. Parchman I corresponds to the 14th-century occupation at Parchman Place; Parchman II corresponds to the 15th-century occupation.