bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Regulasi Terhadap Pengembangan Industri Medical Tourism di Indonesia
Authors: Maria Chrisma Pramana
Published: August 2024

Indonesia still faces several challenges in developing medical tourism. Various sources, using data for 2018, show that Indonesian citizens actually go for treatment in Malaysia and Singapore, spending around US$23 billion, whether for treatment at government or private hospitals. The normative juridical method in this study will help in understanding the legal regulations and norms governing the medical tourism sector in the country, as well as assessing how these regulations affect the development of the industry. The results of this study are that Medical Tourism in Indonesia is regulated in Permenkes No.76/2015 concerning Health Tourism Services. PMK's weakness is the nuances of demand for the overseas patient market. Then the limitation that only type A and type B Hospitals are entitled to be designated as Hospitals with Medical Tourism Services in Indonesia is also an obstacle to the growth of the Health Tourism Service Climate. Not to mention, the socialization of the requirements for applying for a hospital for Health Tourism services is still lacking, including the requirements to be accredited (National Plenary level), and have cooperation documents with the Travel Bureau which has medical tour guides. To oversee the development of health tourism, the Indonesian Health Tourism Board (IHTB) was formed which was initiated by the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Investment.
Implementation of Risk Management in Strategic Decision Making
Authors: Semman Ansyari
Published: August 2024

Risk management is an important aspect of an organization's decision-making strategy to manage uncertainty and identify opportunities in a complex business environment. This research aims to investigate the implementation of risk management in the context of strategic decision making, with a focus on the process of risk identification, risk evaluation, mitigation strategies, and their impact on achieving organizational goals. This research uses a qualitative approach with case studies as the main methodology. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with organizational leaders and analysis of documents related to risk management. The analysis steps include risk identification, risk evaluation using impact and probability assessment methods, as well as risk mitigation strategies applied in strategic decision making. The research results show that a comprehensive risk identification process provides a strong basis for designing effective risk management strategies. In-depth risk evaluation allows organizations to prioritize the most significant risks and develop appropriate mitigation actions. Implementation of risk mitigation strategies such as prevention, mitigation, transfer or retention of risk has contributed significantly to reducing the negative impact of risks faced by organizations. This research confirms that risk management is not only a tool to protect organizational value, but also a proactive approach that supports the achievement of long-term strategic goals. By implementing best practices in risk management, organizations can build a solid foundation for sustainable growth and success in a competitive and dynamic marketplace.
Utilizing porous carbon composites based on biomass for lithium battery negative electrodes
Authors: Chen Yi , Tang Aiwu
Published: August 2024

This work used high-temperature calcination techniques along with basic chemical processing to produce a range of porous carbon compounds from biomass. After that, these substances were employed as anodes in lithium-ion batteries. The first hard carbon was produced via the dehydration reaction of strong sulfuric acid with sucrose (R-HC), then annealing in an NH3Ar environment was used to obtain the nitrogen-doped porous hard carbon (N-HC). Because N-HC has a high interlayer spacing (ca. 0.39 nm) and an abundant ultra-microporous structure (pore size < 0.75 nm), the lithium-ion diffusion coefficient in N-HC can reach up to 9.0 × 10−8 cm2.s−1. The obtained porous carbon compounds contain a rich pore structure, many functional groups, and a high specific surface area, according to the results. Following their application to the anode of lithium-ion batteries, they demonstrate favorable cycle stability and electrochemical performance. Furthermore, a detailed investigation into the kinetic characteristics of the lithium-ion diffusion behavior in the electrodes revealed that the porous carbon materials’ electrodes exhibited greater surface diffusion behavior for Li+.
Enhancing Whistleblower Protection Against Corruption Based on Addressing Inadequacies and Enhancing Digital Technology Applications in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Anh , Nguyen Viet Phuong
Published: August 2024

The significance of protecting whistleblowers in Vietnam has gained substantial attention alongside the anti-corruption efforts. Legislative initiatives aimed at safeguarding whistleblowers have contributed significantly to upholding human rights, citizen rights, and, particularly, the rights of those who expose corruption. This article evaluates the existing legal provisions concerning whistleblower protection against corruption in Vietnam, identifies limitations in their practical implementation, and explores best practices from other countries. Moreover, it proposes innovative approaches to develop whistleblower protection laws and highlights the potential for effectively applying digital technology. Recognizing that digital transformation is not solely a technical solution, but also a socio-technical and politico-social solution, this study emphasizes the need for comprehensive whistleblower protection.
Educational evaluation and teachers' perceptions in Ecuador
Authors: Martínez-Lalangui Juan Alfredo , Andrade-Vargas Lucy , Salazar-Vallejo Geovanna
Published: August 2024

Educational assessment and teachers' perceptions are intrinsically intertwined in the educational environment. In this framework, teachers' beliefs and opinions about teaching and learning shape both their approach to student assessment and their interpretation of the results obtained. The article analyzes teachers' perceptions of the evaluative culture in relation to their beliefs, attitudes and ethical values. The present study, of an interpretivist nature, assumes a mixed methodological route, with a sequential exploratory design, supported by field techniques such as the survey and the interview. The teachers' results show a positive self-perception of their student-centered assessment skills and ethical values; however, variability is observed in the use of traditional assessment strategies and in attitudes towards summative assessment, which denotes a diversity of approaches and opinions regarding educational assessment in this context.
Strengthening Socio-Cultural Ties of The Bali-Hindu Community Through Ngelungang Barong Sinarengan Tradition
Authors: Wirawan I Wayan Ardhi , Widana I Nyoman Murba , Sumertha I Wayan , Kembarawan I Gusti Komang , Sumada I Ketut
Published: August 2024

This study aims to conduct a study on strengthening the socio-cultural bonding of the Balinese-Hindu community through the ngelungang barong sinarengan conducted by the Hindu community in Sebatu Village, Gianyar Regency. The background of this study is the preservation of religious cultural traditions that contain important values in building social ties. This tradition is carried out in a series of galungan and kuningan holidays. This research is designed in an interpretive qualitative type using case studies. Data were collected through observation, interview, and documentation techniques. Data were analyzed by classification, reduction, and interpretation techniques. This study yielded three important findings. First, the barong is believed to be a symbol of Supernatural power and is believed to have a positive influence on improving the quality of life for Hindus, both individually and collectively. The barong symbol is believed to be a representation of the power of Lord Ҫiwa who can neutralize the negative forces caused by Bhuta Kala into positive energy that can be used as a means to improve the quality of life of Hindus implementing the tradition. Second, the tradition of the ngelungang barong sinarengan serves as a strengthening of belief in neutralizing Bhuta Kala, which is a metaphysical force that has the potential to create disharmony. Third, the tradition of the ngelungang barong sinarengan has a disposition to build socio-cultural bonds through social awareness to mutually melt the boundaries of differences that exist between them.
Methodology And Application of Innovative Technologies to Ensure Sustainable Development: Formation of Eco-Awareness Through the Prism of Ecotourism
Authors: Borutska Yuliia , Dydiv Iryna , Krupa Oksana , Hryhorieva Liudmyla , Sylkin Oleksandr
Published: August 2024

The formation of eco-awareness through the prism of ecotourism is of paramount importance in today's world as it addresses the pressing need for sustainable interaction with our environment.  The purpose of the article is to define the methodology and forms of application of innovative technologies to ensure sustainable development: formation of eco-awareness through the prism of ecotourism. The task is to apply innovative technologies to ensure sustainable development: formation of eco-awareness through the prism of ecotourism. Ecotourism serves as a powerful educational tool, offering individuals first-hand experiences of natural environments while promoting conservation and sustainability.  The object of the study is the formation of eco-awareness through the prism of ecotourism. The methodology of the study involves the use of the IDEF0 method. As a result of the study, a model for ensuring sustainable development is presented: formation of eco-awareness through the prism of ecotourism. The innovativeness of the results obtained is revealed through the presented IDEF0 model.
Exploring Impacts of Gojek Application as a Sharing Economy Tool on Indonesian Economics and Society: Systematic Literature Review Approach
Authors: Gunawan Leonardo
Published: August 2024

Digitisation has changed many industries, including the sharing economy. Indonesian multi-service platform Gojek has transformed logistics, finance, and transport. Job creation, economic growth, and social dynamics are examined in this study of Gojek's effects on Indonesia's economy and society. Society, business leaders, and policymakers must understand Gojek's influence. The positive and negative effects of Gojek's expansion on Indonesia's economy and society must be assessed. This study sheds light on digital platforms in developing economies and informs regulatory and development strategies. Gojek has boosted Indonesia's GDP and job creation, according to the study. The platform has helped drivers, micro-entrepreneurs, and small businesses earn flexible income. Gojek has changed consumer behaviour by making many services easier to use. Future viability, regulation compliance, and competition are gig economy concerns. Indonesia's digital economy relies on Gojek, which changed social norms. Theory enhances understanding of developing market digital platform economies and their socioeconomic effects. This study advises policymakers and businesses on promoting innovation with regulatory constraints and inclusive growth with digital platforms. This study emphasises the need to continuously evaluate digital platforms like Gojek to ensure their positive impact on economic growth and social welfare. Future research should examine long-term effects and compare digital platforms in similar economic contexts.
A Study on Retailers’ Behavior Intention to Accept and Use the Omni channel Commerce Platforms
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thuy , Ha Van Duong
Published: August 2024

Research on retailers’ behavioral intention to accept and use the omnichannel commerce platforms (OCPs) in the Vietnam context used the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) model and supplemented the other factors such as omnichannel capability, omnichannel integration. The results of this study show Effort Expectation, Social Influence, Hedonic Motive, Professional Capacity, Seamlessly Linking have a positive impact on retailers' behavior intention to accept and use OCPs. Behavioral Intention and Favorable Conditions have a positive impact on use behavior. Meanwhile, Habits and Omnichannel Integration have a negative impact on the use behavior of OCPs in Vietnam. The findings of this model help managers and OCPs providers identify factors that influence OCPs' behavioral intention and use behavior of retailers in Vietnam.
Impact of Audit Committee Determinants on Financial Performance: Case of Tunisian Listed Banks
Authors: LETAIFA Wissal BEN , ALI Rayen BEN
Published: August 2024

Purpose - The objective of this research is to study the relationship between audit committee determinants and corporate performance. To do this, we focus on the Tunisian context. Design/methodology/approach – Our research sample is made up of 16 banks operating in Tunisia observed over a period of five years (2017-2021) the paper uses a linear regression to investigate the association between the performance of the company and the determinants of audit committee. Findings - The results obtained show that the variable relating to the size of the audit committee has a positive influence on financial performance measured by Tobin's Q. On the other hand, the variable relating to the number of meetings held by the audit committee has a negative impact on the financial performance of listed Tunisian companies.
Addressing the Challenge of Ineffective Airway Clearance in Toddler-Aged Children: The Role of Chest Physiotherapy in Arjawinangun Hospital
Authors: Yulianti S Ayu , Zaitun Zaitun , Mafikasari Febiyanti
Published: August 2024

The health problems often experienced by toddler-age children are the respiratory system, with nursing problems, namely ineffective airway cleaning caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa that infect the lungs. Handling ineffective airway cleaning nursing problems in children can be done by medical and nursing measures, including chest physiotherapy. Objectives: To describe the implementation of chest physiotherapy measures, define the response and results of chest physiotherapy, and analyze the difference in outcomes in two pediatric patients with ineffective airway clearance performed by chest physiotherapy. Methods: A comparative descriptive research design will be used to compare two subjects with the same criteria and conditions. Results: After five days of intervention, there was a difference in response in the two subjects; namely, airway clearance in subject one could be resolved with four indicators: sputum, rakhi, dyspnea, and respiratory rate. In subject 2, it could be partially resolved with 2 indicators that were resolved, namely dyspnea and respiratory rate, and this intervention was by the nursing problem that was enforced. Conclusion: The application of chest physiotherapy in toddler children can provide improvements in sputum, dyspnea, Ronchi, and respiratory rate within normal limits.
Pendamping Pelayanan di Mall Pelayanan Publik Dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Masyarakat di Kota Sidoarjo
Authors: Farsya Salsabila Putri  , Achluddin Ibnu Rochim
Published: August 2024

The service assistance carried out at the Sidoarjo Public Service Mall is one of the efforts to increase public participation in Sidoarjo city. With the presence of the August 17, 1945 University student internship program at the Public Service Mall, the community can be assisted by the services provided by various government agencies and use the best facilities and infrastructure in providing services. The service assistance carried out by the Public Service Mall has a positive impact on the community, making it easier to manage services both online and offline. This activity aims to provide an understanding to the community about the services provided by the government. The results of the analysis of internship activities carried out at the Public Service Mall provide understanding and service assistance guarantee top quality and class, as well as providing services by providing easy access for the community. Services provided include various offices, such as the Investment and Integrated One-Stop Service Office, the Population and Civil Registry Office, the Social Service, the Regional Tax Service Agency, and others.
Penyuluhan Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja Di Santiwit Songkhla Technological College Thailand
Authors: Alif Achadah  , Annisa Chonitatin  , Latifatus Sa’diyah
Published: August 2024

In the current era of development, globalization is something that almost all individuals cannot avoid. Globalization is an illustrative form of interaction between various individuals in certain types of fields. The emergence of globalization is due to the existence of modern-industrial civilization which is driven by the increase in western culture which has had quite a significant influence. The existence of globalization creates a very fast and unstoppable flow because various information comes from various corners of the world. There are many things that can result from globalization, both positive and negative. One of the negative impacts caused by the influence of globalization is promiscuity. So it is necessary to take preventive measures before this happens and harms many parties. Students from the Faculty of Islamic Sciences, Raden Rahmat Islamic University, Malang themselves chose to hold youth reproductive health outreach activities with the aim of helping and improving the condition of teenagers related to their reproductive health. So that it makes them aware and more diligent in caring for it. Health education carried out in Powocho school grounds or vocational high schools in Thailand itself begins with holding joint sports activities and continues with indoor counseling activities. This information activity on adolescent reproductive health is of great interest to students and it is hoped that it can be used as a lesson and make students more aware of the importance of their reproductive health and also more diligent in caring for and maintaining their health.
Pendampingan Sistem Perekaman Data Pasien pada Klinik Pratama Kebongembong Kecamatan Pagerruyung Kabupaten Kendal, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Rozaq Isnaini Nugraha  , Supriyanto Supriyanto  , Sigit Sugiharto
Published: August 2024

A medical record is a file that contains document records regarding the patient's identity, examination, treatment, actions, and other services that have been provided to the patient. Pratama Clinic as a health service provider must have a competitive advantage and be competitive in terms of the quality of the health services provided. Pratama Halyna Clinic is located in Gajahan, Kebongembong, Kec. Pagerruyung, Kendal Regency, Central Java. In this clinic, there are several polyclinics, namely, general, Kia / birth control, elderly, childbirth, and circumcision. To carry out data recapitulation to find out the number of patients who visited and the polyclinics that were frequently visited, the operator carried out manual calculations, namely by opening the data in the form of paper regarding patient recaps for that month which was then carried out by manual counting. Based on these observations and observations, we, the staff, propose creating a patient data recording system.
Implementasi Sistem Wisata Terintegrasi Dengan Event Lomba Lintas Alam Wisata Nasional Di Kawasan Geopark Equator Pasaman
Authors: Ahmad Fadhly  , Riam Marlina Amsya  , Hisni Rahmi  , Afni Nelvi  , Riko Ervil  , Elmawati Elmawati  , Vina Lestari Riyandini  , Yudi Arista Yulanda
Published: August 2024

The Equator Pasaman Geopark area, with its natural beauty and cultural diversity, is a potential destination to be developed. Equator Pasaman Geopark is a geopark located in West Sumatra, Indonesia, which combines geological, biological, and cultural diversity. In addition to being an attractive tourist destination, this geopark also plays a role in the preservation of nature and culture, as well as sustainable local economic development. The uniqueness of the geopark, such as its location on the equator line, national history with the figure of Tuanku Imam Bonjol, and biodiversity, make it a valuable asset for tourism promotion and environmental education. Service activities were carried out at the National Cross Tourism Competition (LAWNAS). The purpose of this community service activity is the promotion of geoparks, environmental promotion, cultural preservation, local economic development, increasing tourism, and external party partnerships. The research method is to identify service to the integrated tourism system, then organize competitions, as well as promotion and marketing of geotourism and finally environmental education and conservation. The parties involved in this activity include local governments, communities, and community service teams. The results of this community service activity show that all contribute and are actively involved in this activity, thus making a positive contribution to the development of local tourism
Hidrogel Sebagai Media Tanam Alternatif Di Perumahan
Authors: Diah Harmawati  , Dewi Puji Rahayu
Published: August 2024

Hydrogel is a water medium that functions to absorb water and nutrients for plants and release them slowly according to plant needs. Participants were elementary school age children in the Lampu Satu Indah housing complex in Merauke. The method uses lectures and practice. The socialization activities were carried out well, the participants were very enthusiastic. After participating in the socialization activities, participants gained new experiences and new knowledge.
Sosialisasi Pengoptimalan dan Revitalisasi Potensi Wisata Berbasis Masyarakat Untuk Peningkatan Perekonomian Desa Di Desa Mojogebang Kecamatan Kemlagi Kabupaten Mojokerto
Authors: Sugeng Eko Yuli Waluyo  , Setyaasih Setyaasih  , Mohamad Johan Efendi  , Khasbulloh Huda  , Rachmad Sholeh
Published: August 2024

This community service article aims to optimize and revitalize the various tourism potentials of Mojogebang village, especially the potential for community-based tourism to improve the economy of village residents. The efforts made are through formal outreach as well as ongoing direct approaches and guidance to village residents in realizing Mojogebang village as a community-based tourism village. Our findings in the field are that there are several tourism potentials that have not been explored and have not received optimal attention from policy makers, namely the local government. By involving Bumdes and Pokdarwis as well as the private sector and the wider community who are concerned about tourism potential, we are trying to involve active community participation to jointly realize the optimization and revitalization of village potential that has not been explored and touched by community creativity. The result of this community service is the emergence of awareness from all parties about the importance of exploring tourism potential in the village, and realizing it in concrete form regarding various superior village tourism which is able to make Mojogebang village one of the tourist village destinations.
Meningkatkan Semangat Komunitas Wanita Tani Melalui Revitalisasi Kebun Bibit Desa Karangmulyo
Authors: Alif Khair An Nassaj  , Muhammad Luqman Hakim  , Hanna Zharifa Marmu’asyifa  , Liya Tsanyyatul Khishol  , Andre Alfiansyah  , Muhammad Afiq
Published: August 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on various aspects of life, including the agricultural and environmental sectors in Karangmulyo Village. Community gardens and parks that were once well-maintained are now experiencing a decline in quality and productivity. This village nursery revitalization program aims to overcome the negative impacts of the pandemic, restore land function, and increase the spirit of the women farmer community. Revitalization steps include improving infrastructure, planting adaptive crops, and implementing sustainable agricultural techniques. In addition, this program also emphasizes the importance of community involvement and solidarity through mutual cooperation and discussion activities. It is hoped that this revitalization can improve the welfare of the community as a whole and ensure the sustainability of the village environment
Promosi Wisata Religi dan Budaya Situs Sanghyang Permana Balaniksa Kawasen di Desa Bojongmengger Melalui Media Sosial Instagram
Authors: Hamdan Ihwani  , Maghfiroh Indah Pratiwi  , Pipih Sopiah  , Kiki Endah  , Roni Supriatna
Published: August 2024

The Sanghyang Permana Balaniksa site is one of the historical remains of the Galuh Pangauban Kingdom. The Sanghyang Permana Prabudigaluh Salawe site is one of the historical relics of the Galuh Pangauban Kingdom. This research outlines efforts to promote religious and cultural tourism at the site, which also acts as an educational resource and cultural destination. This study used descriptive qualitative method. Promotion of religious and cultural tourism at Sanghyang Permana Balaniksa with the hope of increasing visitors and becoming better known to the public, one of which is using the social media Instagram. Promotion uses new breakthroughs to increase attractiveness, where social media becomes an effective and efficient tool for promoting culture in the region. Using social media requires creativity in terms of composition and sentence structure that attracts social media users. It is hoped that promotion via Instagram can be significant in increasing public interest in visiting the Sanghyang Cipta Permana Site in Bojongmengger Village.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Pupuk Biosaka, Upaya Perlindungan Tanaman Berbasis Ekologi Untuk Menjaga Kelestarian Lingkungan
Authors: Saryanto Saryanto  , Rejo Kirono  , Khotim Hanifudin Najib  , Ahdan Aufa Ilman  , Ainun Jaria  , Devi Rahmaningtias  , Madiasta Madiasta  , Margaretha Eltris Don  , Nurul Nur Amelia  , Heri Winarno  , Lono Madyo
Published: August 2024

Biosaka fertilizer production training is an educational program designed to provide practical knowledge and skills in the production of organic fertilizer through fermentation of natural ingredients. Biosaccharine fertilizer, which is made from plant residues, animal waste and certain microorganisms, offers an environmentally friendly and efficient solution for improving soil fertility and plant health. This training includes an introduction to materials and tools, the fermentation process, and the application of biosaccharide fertilizer to various types of plants. Through this approach, participants—including farmers, agricultural extension workers, and other individuals—are expected to be able to produce high-quality biochemical fertilizer independently. It is hoped that the results of this training will reduce dependence on chemical fertilizers and support sustainable agricultural practices that are more economical and environmentally friendly.
Mengelola Watak Dan Potensi Manusia Melalui Weton Dan Neptu Jawa
Authors: Ngatipan Ngatipan
Published: August 2024

Javanese culture and society, which has various styles, is characterized by a common identity, both through physical characteristics and other more abstract characteristics. Similarity of identity is physically sensed through the physiognomy produced by a clan/tribe/clan and cultural products. Meanwhile, abstract similarities take the form of views on life, ways of thinking, structure of society, belief systems, and so on. One form of similarity in the way of life and beliefs of the Javanese people can be observed in the paradigm of identifying human character through the weton and neptu approaches. Weton and Neptu are considered and believed to be a way to recognize one's character and potential from something abstract to something relatively more concrete. In the Javanese belief system, character and potential are two things that determine the development of culture and the success of life of the Javanese people themselves. So, empirically weton and neptu are a way of life that must be taken in order to be happy and prosperous.
Pengabdian Donor Darah Pada Masyarakat Di Kabupaten Sidoarjo Oleh PT Telkom Akses
Authors: Nailatun Nimah  , Gendut Sukarno
Published: August 2024

Blood is a liquid that has a very important role in the human body, the existence of blood aims to distribute oxygen and nutrients to all body cells. But in reality, in Indonesia, the ideal blood stock, which should be 2% of the total population of Indonesia, is still far from enough, so it is necessary to have additional blood supply to reach the ideal count. Blood donation is one of the activities that can help this goal. In collaboration with PMI, PT Telkom Akses conducted community service through blood donation activities. In its implementation, 55 participants participated, with 30 people successfully donating blood and 25 people were unsuccessful because their hemoglobin (HB) levels did not meet the requirements. But overall this blood donation activity went well and smoothly.
Pelatihan Optimalisasi Rebranding dan Digital Marketing Sebagai Upaya Penguatan UMKM Kedai Kopi Abah di Kecamatan Kepanjenkidul Kota Blitar
Authors: Chrystia Aji Putra  , Roziana Febrianita  , Latif Ahmad Fauzan
Published: August 2024

Kedai Kopi Abah is one of the SMEs that has good business development potensial in Blitar City because it has a strategic location in the middle of the busy center of Blitar City. However, there are challenge that must be faced by Kedai Kopi Abah namely that the use of social media as a digital marketing platform is still not optimal. This Community Service Program was conducted using training and socialization methods aimed directly at managers of Kedai Kopi Abah. This training and socialization activity takes the form of optimizing rebranding and strengthening digital marketing communications at Kedai Kopi Abah with the aim of improving the skills of Kedai Kopi Abah managers in producing interesting content on Instagram account. This training activity can attract a positive response from participants who attended the training and socialization on optimizing rebranding and strengthening digital marketing communication at Kedai Kopi Abah.
Peningkatan Pemasaran UMKM Melalui Kolaborasi E-Commerce dan Instagram
Authors: Sabtu Sabtu  , Abd. Basith  , Al Rusman  , Ali Basriadi  , Alex Sandri Sikumbang  , Didin Setyawan  , Doni Syofiawan
Published: August 2024

This community service project aims to enhance SME marketing through the collaboration of e-commerce and Instagram. Through specially designed training, SME participants were taught how to effectively utilize these platforms to market their products. The study employs both quantitative and qualitative approaches to evaluate the effectiveness of the training. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and direct observations. The results indicate a significant increase in participants' knowledge and skills, as well as an improvement in sales after the training. These findings support the Diffusion of Innovations theory and integrated marketing communications, demonstrating that the collaboration of e-commerce and Instagram can enhance SME competitiveness. Recommendations include developing training materials, providing ongoing support, establishing partnerships with e-commerce and social media platforms, and conducting periodic evaluations.
Market Power in the Philippine Domestic Shipping Industry
Authors:   Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Francisco Kris , Abrigo Michael
Published: August 2024

High market concentration in the Philippine domestic shipping industry has always been a subject of concern among policymakers and researchers. While many reforms aimed at improving the level of competition in the industry have been implemented since the 1990s, studies show that domestic shipping operations remain in the hands of a few players, especially at the route level. This study aims to enrich the discussion by providing an alternative measure of market power in domestic shipping through the estimation of markups –a useful indicator of how firms can price their goods or services above marginal cost. Estimates confirm the exercise of market power in the domestic shipping industry, as evidenced by high markups. It was also found that the markup on freight is relatively larger than the markups on passenger services. Additional analysis confirms that having a high market share influences high markups significantly.
Financial Inclusion, Financial Technology, and the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Philippine Case
Authors:   Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Debuque-Gonzales Margarita , Miral Ramona Maria , Ruiz Mark Gerald
Published: August 2024

The COVID-19 crisis created conditions for digital finance to accelerate financial inclusion in the Philippines. This paper explores different sources, including survey, administrative, and market data, to compare trends in account ownership and usage before and after the pandemic. Stylized facts about financial inclusion and demographic information across periods are then drawn based on probit regressions, with special focus on digital financial services. This is followed by an analysis of how service providers, consumers, and the government have shaped and continue to shape the digital finance landscape. The paper closes with conclusions and policy recommendations moving forward.
Study on Climate Change and Disaster Related Loss and Damage Accounting
Authors:   Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Domingo Sonny , Manejar Arvie Joy
Published: August 2024

The 28th United Nations Conference of Parties (COP 28) in November 2023 started with the manifestation of concrete commitments from developed countries and ended with a progressive promise to complete the establishment of a climate change loss and damage fund, sustain and administer country contributions, and continue to work toward fossil fuel reduction and disaster risk reduction and management. The move contributes toward an equitable burden distribution between the highest GHG emitters in the global community and the most affected nations by climate-related disasters. This is important as pieces of evidence show that developing countries like the Philippines are disproportionately more affected by climate change-related disaster events. This study assessed the particulars of the climate and disaster-related loss and damage accounting in the Philippines and looked into ways to better the country’s position to tap the newly established Loss and Damage Fund.
The Configurational Effects of Knowledge Capital and Capability Systems—A Review of Research on Knowledge Capital and Capability Systems in Technology Service Enterprises
Authors: Jing TANG
Published: August 2024

In today's rapidly advancing technological landscape, the competitive edge of enterprises has shifted from traditional physical assets to knowledge capital. For technology service enterprises, which are inherently knowledge-intensive, the key to maintaining and enhancing competitiveness lies in effectively managing and utilizing knowledge capital, as well as optimizing capability systems to navigate an ever-changing market environment. In the book Research on Knowledge Capital and Capability Systems in Technology Service Enterprises, Professors Meng Qingtang and Zhang Weiwei present a comprehensive analysis of the complex interactions between knowledge capital and capability systems through the lens of configurational effects. This review explores the theoretical foundations of configurational effects, the key findings of the research, its practical applications, and future research directions.
知识资本提升科技服务企业核心竞争力——评《科技服务企业知识资本与能力体系研究》
Authors: 陈忠
Published: August 2024

在全球竞争日益激烈的背景下，知识资本已成为科技服务企业提升核心竞争力的关键资源。孟庆涛副教授和张伟伟博士的《科技服务企业知识资本与能力体系研究》一书，通过系统的理论分析与案例研究，深入探讨了如何构建和优化企业的知识资本与能力体系。本文对该书的内容、理论贡献和实践意义进行了全面评析，指出其在知识资本与能力体系研究领域的创新点及其对企业管理的实操性指导。同时也对书中的局限性提出了思考，认为未来的研究应进一步扩展到更广泛的国际背景下，以验证其理论的普适性。
From Rivals to Champions: Evaluating Pakistan's Denim Industry Competitiveness through the GEM Model
Authors: Shahid Muhammad Ibrahim , Baig Sajjad Ahmad , Abrar Muhammad
Published: August 2024

The textile industry is the linchpin of Pakistan's economy, constituting 58% of total exports and employing 45% of the workforce. Despite its significance, textile exports have plateaued, urging strategic interventions to unlock untapped potential. This research focuses on the denim sector, a vital yet underexplored niche. Leveraging the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Grounding, Enterprises, and Markets (GEM) model, the study assesses the competitiveness of Pakistan's denim industry. Findings from structured questionnaires targeting industry professionals and experts reveal a GEM Score of 377, surpassing the national average and indicating national competitive advantages. The results highlight strengths in resources, infrastructure, and external markets while emphasizing the need to bolster local market engagement. The study not only underscores the current state of the denim industry but also charts a course for strategic initiatives, fostering growth and competitiveness on the global stage. Future research avenues explore causality, broaden the geographical scope, and adapt the GEM model for diverse textile sectors. This research offers practical insights for industry stakeholders, governments, and researchers to navigate the dynamic landscape of Pakistan's denim industry.
Exploring the Impact of Job Insecurity on Employee Job Performance in Pakistan's Banking Sector: The Moderating Role of Organizational Justice
Authors: Bhutta Rizwan Akhtar , Bukhari Munaza , Nawaz Sadaf , Sattar Shahzadi , Ijaz Sohail
Published: August 2024

In the competitive environment, employee job performance plays a critical role in competitive advantages. The increased competitive pressure to enhance performance has concurrently raised job insecurity among workers. In line with this, the current study aims to examine the impact of employee job insecurity on employee job performance. Further, organizational justice is studied as a moderating variable in this link; this study provides a nuanced consideration of how fair treatment in the workplace might decrease the impact of job insecurity on employee performance. By employing a robust methodology, including a survey of 400 staff working in the Pakistani banking sector and data analysis using Smart PLS-SEM, the current study provides a valuable understanding of the dynamics at play within the banking sector. The consequences proposed that job insecurity significantly affects job performance, with organizational justice moderating the proposed path. Furthermore, the research implications and limitations are presented in the last part of the study.
The impact of MRSA on macrophage infiltration and polarization in mouse lung tissues
Authors: Chen Mingxiao , Xu Weihua , Tian Keyin
Published: August 2024

Objective: To establish a model of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus（MRSA） pneumonia and observe the effect of MRSA on macrophage polarization. Methods: The MRSA pneumonia model is established by adding 1×108CFU/mL MRSA bacterial solution to BALB/c mice through nasal drip. To make pathological specimens of lung tissue and observe the inflammation of the lungs;to detect the expression of F4/80, CD11B, CD206, and CD86 in mouse lung tissue through flow cytometry to reflect the polarization of macrophages and their M1/M2.

Result: Compared with the uninfected group, macrophages have increased significantly in infected group; The expression of CD206 in macrophages has significantly enhanced after infection, indicating the macrophage polarization towards M2;

Conclusion: MRSA pulmonary infection leads to a significant infiltration of macrophages in lung tissue and their polarization towards the M2 phenotype.
Methods and Tools for Toxicity Assessment of Herbal Remedies
Authors: Neeta Rai  , Amrita Thakur  , Vaishnavi Shreepati  , Siddharth Chavan
Published: August 2024

Herbal remedies, used for millennia, require rigorous safety, efficacy, and quality evaluations due to their widespread use. Assessing the toxicity of herbal remedies involves multifaceted approaches including in vitro and in vivo methodologies, clinical trials, and regulatory frameworks. Acute, sub-acute, and chronic toxicity testing paradigms are crucial for establishing dose-response relationships and identifying potential risks. The complexity of toxicity assessment in herbal products stems from their multi-component nature and potential interactions. Advanced analytical techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), mass spectrometry (MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy play a vital role in identifying and quantifying potentially toxic compounds. Pharmacovigilance is essential for monitoring adverse reactions and ensuring long-term safety. The regulatory landscape surrounding herbal medicines varies globally, highlighting the need for harmonized standards. Emerging technologies like -omics approaches and in silico modelling promise to revolutionize toxicity assessments. Current knowledge synthesis reveals critical gaps in herbal remedy toxicity assessment methods. These tools and methodologies are crucial for safeguarding public health and integrating herbal medicine into modern healthcare systems, emphasizing the importance of continued research and development in this field
Recent Advances in Drug Delivery Systems for Targeting the Blood-Brain Barrier
Authors: Sree Lakshmi N
Published: August 2024

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) poses a significant challenge in treating central nervous system (CNS) disorders, limiting the efficacy of many potential therapeutic agents. Overcoming this barrier is crucial for enhancing drug delivery to the brain. Recent advancements in drug delivery systems have shown promising results in addressing this challenge. Both invasive and non-invasive strategies, including chemical modifications, colloidal systems, and biological techniques, have been developed to improve brain drug targeting. Nanoparticle-based delivery systems, such as liposomes, polymeric micelles, and dendrimers, demonstrate enhanced drug penetration and targeting capabilities. Advanced techniques like focused ultrasound-mediated BBB disruption and convection-enhanced delivery offer novel approaches to circumvent the BBB. Additionally, intranasal delivery and cell-penetrating peptides present alternative routes for CNS drug administration. These innovative approaches span a wide range of applications, from neurodegenerative diseases to brain tumors, potentially revolutionizing treatment strategies for various CNS disorders. The ongoing research and emerging trends in brain-targeted drug delivery systems provide a foundation for developing more effective therapies, offering hope for improved outcomes in patients with CNS diseases
A Review on Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Treating Placental Dysfunction
Authors: Mahalakshmi R  , Deepa N  , Naveen K  , Nivetha R  , Preetha V  , Punithavalli R  , Praveen B
Published: August 2024

The placenta plays a significant role during pregnancy. Preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction are two serious obstetric complications influenced by placental dysfunction. Currently, prophylaxis is often administered too late to avoid disease manifestation, and there is no effective treatment for placental dysfunction during the perinatal period. However, with the recent integration of nanoscience and medicine, it is anticipated that innovative and effective nanotherapies will be developed to address the difficulty of managing placental dysfunction. Nanoparticle drug delivery is now safe and precise, utilizing intelligent nanoparticles capable of loading drugs, ligands, and other therapeutic substances specifically targeted at the placenta. Placental malfunction seriously jeopardizes maternal and fetal health, frequently resulting in issues such as intrauterine growth restriction and preeclampsia. This article provides an introduction to nanoparticles in medicine, types of nanoparticles used, targeted drug delivery systems, benefits of nanoparticles in medicine, challenges and limitations, and applications in specific diseases. As conventional treatment options are limited, creative methods are needed to improve results. Due to their special physicochemical characteristics and ability to pass through biological barriers, nanoparticles have become attractive options for targeted drug administration
A Review on Treatment of Supraorbital and Supratrochlear Neuralgia
Authors: Riddhi Shukla  , Vraj Patel  , Janvi Kogje  , Richa Polra
Published: August 2024

Supraorbital and supratrochlear neuralgias are rare forms of neuropathic pain caused by damage or trauma to the supraorbital or supratrochlear nerves. Treatment options include oral medications, nerve block treatment, peripheral nerve stimulation, neuroma resection, endoscopic nerve decompression, pulsed radiofrequency, ultrasound-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation, manual therapy, and cognitive behavioral therapy. Oral medications include drugs like carbamazepine, topiramate, gabapentin, clonazepam, and amitriptyline. Nerve block treatment involves injections of drugs to block nerves causing neuralgia. Peripheral nerve stimulation is a safe, reversible treatment for headaches caused by supraorbital neuralgia. Pulsed radiofrequency has shown long-term pain relief, while ultrasound-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation has shown total pain relief within one month. Emerging therapeutic approaches include cryoneurotomy, trigger point therapy, and acupuncture with semi-conductive laser therapy. Combining ultrasound guidance with RFT could decrease recurrence rates and side effects. This review discusses about the anatomy, symptoms, causes, treatment options, comparative analysis, efficacy, limitations, side-effects, and novel therapeutic approaches for treatment of supraorbital and supratrochlear neuralgias
A Review of Dietary Suggestions During COVID-19
Authors: Ismail. Y  , Chinababu D  , Raveendra Babu G  , Vijaya Kumar Voleti
Published: August 2024

This review aims to focus on plant-based foods that improve immunity against COVID-19 in all age groups. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared COVID-19 a global pandemic, and thousands of infections and deaths are being reported every day. This article reviews the properties of bioactive ingredients in foods and herbs to support the human immune system. Many traditional foods can boost immunity along with some antiviral effects. Using lots of vitamins C, D and E and bioactive ingredients like turmeric, ginger, cinnamon, garlic, neem, amla and probiotic yogurt, as well as minerals like zinc and magnesium, these foods can boost the immune response against COVID-19. In addition, certain dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet, have been associated with improved immune function and reduced inflammation. In conclusion, a nutrient-rich diet featuring herbal products and specific vitamins and minerals plays a key role in improving the immune response against COVID-19