bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new feed additive composed of urea and soluble carbohydrate coated with wax for controlled release in ruminal fluid
Authors: Inácio Alexandre Guimarães , Ítavo Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira , Dias Alexandre Menezes , dos Santos Difante Gelson , de Queiroz Joice Ferreira , de Oliveira Lincoln Carlos Silva , dos Santos Geraldo Tadeu , Ítavo Luís Carlos Vinhas
Published: March 2022

Urea is a compound widely used as a feed additive for ruminants; however, when used profusely, it can lead animals to intoxication. Another factor that affects the effectiveness of urea is the lack of synchronization between the nitrogen and the availability of carbohydrates, necessary for better development of the ruminal microbiota. In order to circumvent these problems and improve the efficiency in urea use, the present study developed two new nutritional additives (F16 and F17) with different carbohydrate sources. One of the products developed (F16) used sugarcane molasses as a carbohydrate source, while the other (F17) used cassava starch. In addition to the carbohydrate source, both products contained the same amounts of urea, sulfur, calcium carbonate and were coated with carnauba wax. The supplements developed and two other commercial products based on extruded urea (UE) and polymer-coated urea (UP) were tested for solubility and cumulative gas production. The wax used in the coating process of the developed products (F16 and F17) proved to be efficient in reducing the solubility of the ingredients used. During chemical composition analysis it was verified that both supplements developed contained protein equivalent above 150% of crude protein. The cumulative gas production showed a higher production related to the product F17 (p < 0.05). Through thermogravimetric analysis, it was found the chemical integrity of the ingredients that make up the supplements developed. Therefore, is possible to reduce the solubility of urea using carnauba wax as a coating material. The formula with cassava starch associated with urea (F17) had a better synchronization during the degradation of its ingredients.
Constraining the response of continental-scale groundwater flow to climate change
Authors: Mather Ben , Müller R. Dietmar , O’Neill Craig , Beall Adam , Vervoort R. Willem , Moresi Louis
Published: March 2022

Numerical models of groundwater flow play a critical role for water management scenarios under climate extremes. Large-scale models play a key role in determining long range flow pathways from continental interiors to the oceans, yet struggle to simulate the local flow patterns offered by small-scale models. We have developed a highly scalable numerical framework to model continental groundwater flow which capture the intricate flow pathways between deep aquifers and the near-surface. The coupled thermal-hydraulic basin structure is inferred from hydraulic head measurements, recharge estimates from geochemical proxies, and borehole temperature data using a Bayesian framework. We use it to model the deep groundwater flow beneath the Sydney–Gunnedah–Bowen Basin, part of Australia’s largest aquifer system. Coastal aquifers have flow rates of up to 0.3 m/day, and a corresponding groundwater residence time of just 2,000 years. In contrast, our model predicts slow flow rates of 0.005 m/day for inland aquifers, resulting in a groundwater residence time of $$\sim $$
∼
 400,000 years. Perturbing the model to account for a drop in borehole water levels since 2000, we find that lengthened inland flow pathways depart significantly from pre-2000 streamlines as groundwater is drawn further from recharge zones in a drying climate. Our results illustrate that progressively increasing water extraction from inland aquifers may permanently alter long-range flow pathways. Our open-source modelling approach can be extended to any basin and may help inform policies on the sustainable management of groundwater.
Control of crystallization and magnetic properties of CoFeB by boron concentration
Authors: Kim Jun-Su , Kim Gukcheon , Jung Jinwon , Jung Kuyoul , Cho Jaehun , Kim Woo-Yeong , You Chun-Yeol
Published: March 2022

Controlling the crystallinity of CoFeB is the most essential issue for designing various spintronics devices. Here we show the microstructure and magnetic properties of MgO/CoFeB/MgO structures for various boron concentration. We present the effect of boron on the crystallinity of CoFeB into two categories: the critical boron concentration (5 ~ 6%) at which CoFeB crystallizes and the effect of remaining boron (0 ~ 5%) in the crystallized CoFeB. And the trends of the saturation magnetization, exchange stiffness, exchange length, domain wall energy and Gilbert damping constant according to the boron concentration are provided. Abrupt variation of properties near the critical boron concentration (5 ~ 6%) and a noticeable change in the crystallized CoFeB (0 ~ 5%) are confirmed, revealing a clear causal relationship with the structural analysis. These results propose that the crystallization, microstructure, and major magnetic properties of CoFeB are governed by the amount of boron, and emphasize the need for delicate control of boron concentration.
Quantal response equilibrium for the Prisoner’s Dilemma game in Markov strategies
Authors: Kozitsina T. S. , Kozitsin I. V. , Menshikov I. S.
Published: March 2022

Within the studies of human cooperation, there are gaps that require further investigation. One possible area for growth is developing theoretical concepts which describe high levels of cooperation. In this paper, we present a symmetrical quantal response equilibrium (QRE) in Prisoner’s Dilemma game (PD) constructed in Markov strategies (tolerance to defection and mutual cooperation). To prove the adequacy of the resulting equilibrium, we compare it with the previously found Nash equilibrium in PD in Markov strategies: the QRE converges with the Nash equilibrium that corresponds with the theory. Next, we investigate the properties of QRE in PD in Markov strategies by testing it against experimental data. For low levels of rationality, the found equilibrium manages to describe high cooperation. We derive the levels of rationality under which the intersection between Nash and QRE occurs. Lastly, our experimental data suggest that QRE serves as a dividing line between behavior with low and high cooperation.
An ultrafast time-resolution method based on picosecond pulsed laser for determining rock fracture toughness at multipoint during the crack propagation
Authors: Zhang Mingyuan , Li Dejian , Yang Liu , Chen Lu , Shen Muao , Huo Junhao , Li Yingjun
Published: March 2022

An innovative ultrafast time-resolution method based on a picosecond pulsed laser was employed to investigate the mode-I crack propagation characteristics of fractured rock. Its time resolution is as fast as the degree of 45 picoseconds. Then, a series of three-point compressive loading tests with this method were conducted on tuff semi-circular bend (SCB) specimens. Based on this method, we found that the mode-I fracture process of the tuff specimens were composed of repeated crack initiation, arrest, and re-initiation. In addition, the experimental results showed that the fracture rates of the tuff specimens in the initial 10 μs were 636 m/s, 663.9 m/s, and 578 m/s. In comparison, the fracture rates of the specimens were 11.19 m/s, 19.23 m/s, 26.79 m/s during the whole fracture process. As a typical heterogeneous material with primary defects, rock has different fracture toughness at different locations. Therefore, we proposed a new method for determining rock fracture toughness at multipoint during the crack propagation. This new method emphasizes the effect of fracture toughness on crack propagation, which enables to determine the fracture toughness at multipoint and is closer to the original definition of fracture toughness.
Increased O-GlcNAcylation promotes IGF-1 receptor/PhosphatidyI Inositol-3 kinase/Akt pathway in cervical cancer cells
Authors: Jiménez-Castillo Victoria , Illescas-Barbosa Daniela , Zenteno Edgar , Ávila-Curiel Beatriz Xóchitl , Castañeda-Patlán Maria Cristina , Robles-Flores Martha , De Oca Daniel Montante-Montes , Pérez-Campos Eduardo , Torres-Rivera Anayetzin , Bouaboud Abdelouhab , Pagesy Patrick , Solórzano-Mata Carlos Josué , Issad Tarik
Published: March 2022

O-linked β-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) is a reversible post-translational modification on serine and threonine residues of cytosolic, nuclear and mitochondrial proteins. O-GlcNAcylation level is regulated by OGT (O-GlcNAc transferase), which adds GlcNAc on proteins, and OGA (O-GlcNAcase), which removes it. Abnormal level of proteinO-GlcNAcylation has been observed in numerous cancer cell types, including cervical cancer cells. In the present study, we have evaluated the effect of increasing proteinO-GlcNAcylation on cervical cancer-derived CaSki cells. We observed that pharmacological enhancement of proteinO-GlcNAcylation by Thiamet G (an inhibitor of OGA) and glucosamine (which provides UDP-GlcNAc substrate to OGT) increases CaSki cells proliferation, migration and survival. Moreover, we showed that increasedO-GlcNAcylation promotes IGF-1 receptor (IGF1R) autophosphorylation, possibly through inhibition of protein tyrosine-phosphatase 1B activity. This was associated with increased IGF-1-induced phosphatidyl-Inositol 3-phosphate production at the plasma membrane and increased Akt activation in CaSki cells. Finally, we showed that proteinO-GlcNAcylation and Akt phosphorylation levels were higher in human cervical cancer samples compared to healthy cervix tissues, and a highly positive correlation was observed betweenO-GlcNAcylation level and Akt phosphorylation in theses tissues. Together, our results indicate that increasedO-GlcNAcylation, by activating IGF1R/ Phosphatidyl inositol 3-Kinase (PI-3K)/Akt signaling, may participate in cervical cancer cell growth and proliferation.
Evaluation of the impact of pre-operative stereotactic radiotherapy on the acute changes in histopathologic and immune marker profiles of brain metastases
Authors: Kotecha Rupesh , Tonse Raees , Menendez Miguel A. Ramirez , Williams Andre , Diaz Zuanel , Tom Martin C. , Hall Matthew D. , Mehta Minesh P. , Alvarez Reinier , Siomin Vitaly , Odia Yazmin , Ahluwalia Manmeet S. , McDermott Michael W.
Published: March 2022

The unique acute effects of the large fractional doses that characterize stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or radiotherapy (SRT), specifically in terms of antitumor immune cellular processes, vascular damage, tumor necrosis, and apoptosis on brain metastasis have yet to be empirically demonstrated. The objective of this study is to provide the first in-human evaluation of the acute biological effects of SRS/SRT in resected brain metastasis. Tumor samples from patients who underwent dose-escalated preoperative SRT followed by resection with available non-irradiated primary tumor tissues were retrieved from our institutional biorepository. All primary tumors and irradiated metastases were evaluated for the following parameters: tumor necrosis, T-cells, natural killer cells, vessel density, vascular endothelial growth factor, and apoptotic factors. Twenty-two patients with irradiated and resected brain metastases and paired non-irradiated primary tumor samples met inclusion criteria. Patients underwent a median preoperative SRT dose of 18 Gy (Range: 15–20 Gy) in 1 fraction, with 3 patients receiving 27–30 Gy in 3–5 fractions, followed by resection within median interval of 67.8 h (R: 18.25–160.61 h). The rate of necrosis was significantly higher in irradiated brain metastases than non-irradiated primary tumors (p < 0.001). Decreases in all immunomodulatory cell populations were found in irradiated metastases compared to primary tumors: CD3 + (p = 0.003), CD4 + (p = 0.01), and CD8 + (p = 0.01). Pre-operative SRT is associated with acute effects such as increased tumor necrosis and differences in expression of immunomodulatory factors, an effect that does not appear to be time dependent, within the limited intervals explored within the context of this analysis.
Resting-state theta activity is linked to information content-specific coding levels during response inhibition
Authors: Pscherer Charlotte , Mückschel Moritz , Bluschke Annet , Beste Christian
Published: March 2022

The neurophysiological processes underlying the inhibition of impulsive responses have been studied extensively. While also the role of theta oscillations during response inhibition is well examined, the relevance of resting-state theta activity for inhibitory control processes is largely unknown. We test the hypothesis that there are specific relationships between resting-state theta activity and sensory/motor coding levels during response inhibition using EEG methods. We show that resting theta activity is specifically linked to the stimulus-related fraction of neurophysiological activity in specific time windows during motor inhibition. In contrast, concomitantly coded processes related to decision-making or response selection as well as the behavioral inhibition performance were not associated with resting theta activity. Even at the peak of task-related theta power, where task-related theta activity and resting theta activity differed the most, there was still predominantly a significant correlation between both types of theta activity. This suggests that aspects similar to resting dynamics are evident in the proportion of inhibition-related neurophysiological activity that reflects an “alarm” signal, whose function is to process and indicate the need for cognitive control. Thus, specific aspects of task-related theta power may build upon resting theta activity when cognitive control is necessary.
Drug and pesticide usage for sea lice treatment in salmon aquaculture sites in a Canadian province from 2016 to 2019
Authors: Hamoutene Dounia , Oldford Vanessa , Donnet Sebastien
Published: March 2022

We used 4 years of publicly available data (2016–2019) on chemical usage at salmon sites with information on production, stocking, locations and environmental conditions to explore patterns of anti-sea lice treatments in a Canadian province. Results show that sequential chemical treatments are prevalent, emamectin benzoate (EMB) with azamethiphos being the most used combination with a decrease in ivermectin usage. Relatively high rates of usage of EMB per fish biomass may point to potential lice resistance patterns with information needed on mechanisms and local populations. Lower or no chemical usage at some sites indicate less sea lice infestations likely influenced by localized site conditions (coves), and a lessened need for medication due to the usage of cleaner fish and possibly other non-chemical methods (not documented in this report). The year/climate influenced chemical input only in sites with higher treatment levels likely due to effects on sea lice growth and reproduction. Observed differences between years are warmer surface temperature in the fall, a higher freshwater input in spring, and stronger wind conditions for 2017 and 2018 with more medication usage for these two years. The lack of significant effect of site distances calculated in zones of influence based on 24 h potential connectivity patterns highlight the need to refine the resolution of hydrodynamic processes.
Anthropometric assessment of microtia patients’ normal ears and discussion on expander selection in auricular reconstruction surgery
Authors: Sun Hefeng , Sun Pengfei , Jiang Haiyue , Yang Qinghua , Li TongTong , Pan Bo
Published: March 2022

The tissue expansion technique is the most suitable procedure for Chinese patients with microtia. However, it is difficult to determine whether the expanded flap is sufficient, and there are no clear or objective guidelines for determining the volume of the expander for different sizes of auricles. One hundred patients with unilateral microtia who visited our department in 2021 were randomly selected for auricular data collection using 3D scanning. The auricle length, width, projection, perimeter, and surface area were measured. Eight different volumes of expanders underwent CT and the surface areas of these expanders were measured. The surface areas of the auricles and expanders were compared and the correlation between them was explored. The average auricle parameters were calculated. The scatter plot showed a linear relationship between auricle length and auricle surface area (R2 = 0.9913), which demonstrated that the auricle area was approximately equal to the auricle length multiplied by 76.921. Additionally, the surface area of the expanders was measured and made into a table for selection against the surface area of the auricles. Using our equation, the auricle surface could be estimated by simply measuring the non-defective auricle length; therefore, the suitable volume of the expander could be determined.
Electrochemical properties of a lithium-impregnated metal foam anode (LIMFA FeCrAl) for molten salt thermal batteries
Authors: Choi Yusong , Ahn Tae-Young , Ha Sang-Hyeon , Lee Jae-In , Cho Jang-Hyeon
Published: March 2022

Although numerous cathode materials with excellent properties have been developed for use in molten salt thermal batteries, similar progress is yet to be made with anode materials. Herein, a high-performance lithium-impregnated metal foam anode (LIMFA) is fabricated by impregnating molten lithium into a gold-coated iron–chrome–aluminium (FeCrAl) foam at 400 °C. A test cell employing the LIMFA FeCrAl anode exhibited a specific capacity of 2627 As g−1. For comparison, a cell with a conventional Li(Si) anode was also discharged, demonstrating a specific capacity of 982 As g−1. This significant improvement in performance can be attributed to the large amount (18 wt%) of lithium incorporated into the FeCrAl foam and the ability of the FeCrAl foam to absorb and immobilize molten lithium without adopting a cup system. For thermal batteries without a cup, the LIMFA FeCrAl provides the highest-reported specific capacity and a flat discharge voltage curve of molten lithium. After cell discharge, the FeCrAl foam exhibited no lithium leakage, surface damage, or structural collapse. Given these advantageous properties, in addition to its high specific capacity, LIMFA FeCrAl is expected to aid the development of thermal batteries with enhanced performance.
Ultra-wideband circularly polarized cavity-backed crossed-dipole antenna
Authors: Fan Jun , Lin Jiangchuan , Cai Jinliang , Qin Feng
Published: March 2022

This letter demonstrates an ultra-wideband circularly polarized cavity-backed crossed-dipole antenna. It consists of a modified crossed-dipole and a modified cavity. Each arm of the modified crossed-dipole is mainly made up by the combination of a triangle and a fan-shaped sector, and the arms within the same layer of substrate are connected by a vacant-quarter ring. The modified cavity is composed of a rectangular cavity, four coupled rotated vertical metallic plates, and four sequentially rotated metallic steps. Through combining the modified crossed-dipole and modified cavity together, ultra-wideband characteristics in terms of − 10-dB impedance bandwidth (IBW) and 3-dB axial-ratio bandwidth (ARBW) can be realized. The IBW and ARBW are correspondingly calculated to be 128.9% and 121.2%. The prototype of the proposed antenna was fabricated and measured. The proposed antenna has a compact size of 0.74 λ0 × 0.74 λ0 × 0.17 λ0 (λ0 is the wavelength at the lowest frequency of operation band). The measured IBW and ARBW are 125.2% (1.67–7.26 GHz) and 120.1% (1.79–7.17 GHz), respectively, which are in good agreement with the simulated ones. The proposed antenna has stable radiation patterns in the operation band and exhibits a right-hand circular polarization with a peak gain of 12.2 dBic at 6.7 GHz.
VKORC1 mutations in rodent populations of a tropical city-state as an indicator of anticoagulant rodenticide resistance
Authors: Chua Cliff , Humaidi Mahathir , Neves Erica Sena , Mailepessov Diyar , Ng Lee Ching , Aik Joel
Published: March 2022

Anticoagulant rodenticides are commonly used in rodent control because they are economical and have great deployment versatility. However, rodents with Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) mutations within theVkorc1gene are resistant to the effects of anticoagulant rodenticide use and this influences the effectiveness of control strategies that rely on such rodenticides. This study examined the prevalence of rat SNP mutations in Singapore to inform the effectiveness of anticoagulant rodenticide use. A total of 130 rat tail samples, comprising 83Rattus norvegicus(63.8%) and 47Rattus rattuscomplex (36.2%) were conveniently sampled from November 2016 to December 2019 from urban settings and sequenced at exon 3 ofVkorc1. Sequencing analysis revealed 4 synonymous and 1 non-synonymous mutationsin Rattus rattuscomplex samples. A novel synonymous mutation of L108L was identified and not previously reported in other studies. Non-synonymous SNPs were not detected in the notable codons of 120, 128 and 139 inR. norvegicus, where these regions are internationally recognised to be associated with resistance from prior studies. Our findings suggest that the prevalence of anticoagulant rodenticide resistance in Singapore is low. Continued monitoring of rodenticide resistance is important for informing rodent control strategies aimed at reducing rodent-borne disease transmission.
Sex and strategy effects on brain activation during a 3D-navigation task
Authors: Noachtar Isabel , Harris Ti-Anni , Hidalgo-Lopez Esmeralda , Pletzer Belinda
Published: March 2022

Sex differences in navigation have often been attributed to the use of different navigation strategies in men and women. However, no study so far has investigated sex differences in the brain networks supporting different navigation strategies. To address this issue, we employed a 3D-navigation task during functional MRI in 36 men and 36 women, all scanned thrice, and modeled navigation strategies by instructions requiring an allocentric vs. egocentric reference frame on the one hand, as well as landmark-based vs. Euclidian strategies on the other hand. We found distinct brain networks supporting different perspectives/strategies. Men showed stronger activation of frontal areas, whereas women showed stronger activation of posterior brain regions. The left inferior frontal gyrus was more strongly recruited during landmark-based navigation in men. The hippocampus showed stronger connectivity with left-lateralized frontal areas in women and stronger connectivity with superior parietal areas in men. We discuss these findings in the light of a stronger recruitment of verbal networks supporting a more verbal strategy in women compared to a stronger recruitment of spatial networks supporting a more spatial strategy use in men. In summary, this study provides evidence that different navigation strategies activate different brain areas in men and women.
Single-cell transcriptomics reveals cell-type-specific diversification in human heart failure
Authors: Koenig Andrew L. , Shchukina Irina , Amrute Junedh , Andhey Prabhakar S. , Zaitsev Konstantin , Lai Lulu , Bajpai Geetika , Bredemeyer Andrea , Smith Gabriella , Jones Cameran , Terrebonne Emily , Rentschler Stacey L. , Artyomov Maxim N. , Lavine Kory J.
Published: March 2022

Heart failure represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Single-cell transcriptomics have revolutionized our understanding of cell composition and associated gene expression. Through integrated analysis of single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-sequencing data generated from 27 healthy donors and 18 individuals with dilated cardiomyopathy, here we define the cell composition of the healthy and failing human heart. We identify cell-specific transcriptional signatures associated with age and heart failure and reveal the emergence of disease-associated cell states. Notably, cardiomyocytes converge toward common disease-associated cell states, whereas fibroblasts and myeloid cells undergo dramatic diversification. Endothelial cells and pericytes display global transcriptional shifts without changes in cell complexity. Collectively, our findings provide a comprehensive analysis of the cellular and transcriptomic landscape of human heart failure, identify cell type-specific transcriptional programs and disease-associated cell states and establish a valuable resource for the investigation of human heart failure.
Nondestructive assessment of tissue engineered cartilage based on biochemical markers in cell culture media: application of attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy
Authors: Querido William , Zouaghi Sabrina , Padalkar Mugdha , Morman Justin , Falcon Jessica , Kandel Shital , Pleshko Nancy
Published: March 2022

ATR spectral data obtained from cell culture medium discards can be used to assess glucose and lactate content, which are shown here to be a surrogate for matrix development in tissue engineered cartilage.
Nanostructured perovskites for nonvolatile memory devices
Authors: Liu Qi , Gao Song , Xu Lei , Yue Wenjing , Zhang Chunwei , Kan Hao , Li Yang , Shen Guozhen
Published: March 2022

This work reviews various nanostructured perovskite-based nonvolatile memory devices and their applications in cutting-edge technologies, paving the way for the development of next-generation high-performance perovskite-based electronics.
Oxalate promoted iron dissolution of hematite via proton coupled electron transfer
Authors: Zhan Guangming , Fang Yumin , Zhang Meng , Cao Shiyu , Xu Tianyuan , Ling Cancan , Gu Huayu , Liu Xiao , Zhang Lizhi
Published: March 2022

Oxalate promoted iron dissolution of hematite via proton coupled electron transfer.
Network pharmacology combined with metabolomics and lipidomics to reveal the hypolipidemic mechanism ofAlismatis rhizomain hyperlipidemic mice
Authors: Yan Pan , Wei Yinyu , Wang Meiqin , Tao Jianmei , Ouyang Hui , Du Zhifeng , Li Sen , Jiang Hongliang
Published: March 2022

The hypolipidemic mechanism ofAlismatis rhizomawas exploredviaan integrated strategy combining network pharmacology with metabolomics and lipidomics for the first time.
Synthesis of axially chiral N-aryl benzimidazoles via chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed enantioselective oxidative aromatization
Authors: Chen Jin-fang , Shi Jin-yi , Yin Cong-cong , Cui Xin , Li Guang-xun , Tang Zhuo , Zhao Jin-zhong
Published: March 2022

N-aryl benzimidazoline produced in situ was used as a H2 donor, which was converted to C–N axially chiral N-aryl benzimidazole by CPA-catalyzed enantioselective transfer hydrogenation of the in situ produced imine.
Dual-imaging magnetic nanocatalysis based on Fenton-like reaction for tumor therapy
Authors: Zhou Weicheng , Tang Xinyi , Huang Ju , Wang Jingxue , Zhao Jiawen , Zhang Liang , Wang Zhigang , Li Pan , Li Rui
Published: March 2022

Sequential nano-catalytic therapy has emerged as a novel therapeutic modality for cancer treatment as it utilizes the unique tumor microenvironment for selective tumor treatment.
An ultra-wide sensing range film strain sensor based on a branch-shaped PAN-based carbon nanofiber and carbon black synergistic conductive network for human motion detection and human–machine interfaces
Authors: Lu Xinyu , Qin Yafei , Chen Xinzhi , Peng Cheng , Yang Youpeng , Zeng Yu
Published: March 2022

A film sensor decorated with branch-shaped carbon nanofibers possessing extra branches achieves high sensitivity, good linearity, a wide sensing range, a fast response time, and great durability.
Simple approach for an electron extraction layer in an all-vacuum processed n-i-p perovskite solar cell
Authors: Kim Beom-Soo , Pérez-del-Rey Daniel , Paliwal Abhyuday , Dreessen Chris , Sessolo Michele , Bolink Henk J.
Published: March 2022

C60:BCP (bathocuproine) mixture, significantly improved electron extraction in an all-vacuum processed n-i-p perovskite solar cell.
Polymer-capped gold nanoparticles as nanozymes with improved catalytic activity for the monitoring of serum ciprofloxacin
Authors: Cheng Cheng , Qiao Juan , Zhang Hongyi , Zhao Zhenwen , Qi Li
Published: March 2022

PAM@AuNPs showed enzyme-simulation characteristic in TMB oxidation. Upon the improvement of its POD-like activity by drug CIP, a protocol for the selective and sensitive monitoring of CIP in rat-serum was constructed.
An easy-to-use antimicrobial hydrogel effectively kills bacteria, fungi, and influenza virus
Authors: Bhattacharjee Brinta , Jolly Logia , Mukherjee Riya , Haldar Jayanta
Published: March 2022

An easily administrable hydrogel is developed to take care of bacterial, fungal and viral infection.
Synthesis and luminescence properties of new nitridolithosilicate phosphor La4Ba3Li3Si9N19:Pr3+ grown in Li flux
Authors: Li Rui-Xin , Wang Xiao-Ming , Zhang Shi-Rui , Gu Xue , Yang Zu-Pei , Jiao Huan
Published: March 2022

A new nitridolithosilicate La4Ba3Li3Si9N19 was synthesized by the flux method. The La4Ba3Li3Si9N19:Pr3+ phosphor shows a narrow-band red emission peaking at 640 nm with an fwhm of 50 nm when excited under near-UV light.
A simple fragment-based method for van der Waals corrections over density functional theory
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Prasanta , Priya  , Sadhukhan Mainak
Published: March 2022

A simple method is developed to describe intermolecular van der Waals interactions blending the Drude oscillator with a molecular fragmentation method. The result shows accuracy at par with DFT-D3 method while only using dipole–dipole interactions.
Asymmetric electrocarboxylation of 4′-methylacetophenone over PrCoO3perovskites
Authors: Zhao Yi-Jun , Yang Li-Rong , Wang Le-Ting , Wang Ying , Lu Jia-Xing , Wang Huan
Published: March 2022

Asymmetric electrocarboxylation of aromatic ketones has been achieved over PrCoO3perovskites with the help of chiral auxiliaryt-Bu(R,R)salen(Co[ii]) under CO2atmosphere.
A hierarchical monolithic cobalt-single-atom electrode for efficient hydrogen peroxide production in acid
Authors: Ding Jie , Huang Jian , Zhang Qiao , Wei Zhiming , He Qinye , Chen Zhaoyang , Liu Yuhang , Su Xiaozhi , Zhai Yueming
Published: March 2022

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) through a 2e− pathway offers a feasible solution for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and on-site application.
Correction: High-efficiency, anode-free lithium–metal batteries with a close-packed homogeneous lithium morphology
Authors: Su Laisuo , Charalambous Harry , Cui Zehao , Manthiram Arumugam
Published: March 2022

Correction for ‘High-efficiency, anode-free lithium–metal batteries with a close-packed homogeneous lithium morphology’ by Laisuo Su et al., Energy Environ. Sci., 2022, 15, 843–854, DOI: 10.1039/D1EE03103A.
Dissolvable and layered microneedles composed of hyaluronate/rbFGF/CPC effectively improve the treatment effect on recurrent aphthous ulcers
Authors: Yin Zhengrong , Zhang Xiangli , Bai Yan , Yang Yanwei , Liu Bin , Fan Zengjie
Published: March 2022

The rbFGF/CPC-loaded MN patch was prepared via a two-step casting method and applied for the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcers.
Acid–base properties of an antivirally active acyclic nucleoside phosphonate: (S)-9-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine (HPMPA)
Authors: Blindauer Claudia A. , Holý Antonín , Sigel Astrid , Operschall Bert P. , Griesser Rolf , Sigel Helmut
Published: March 2022

Protonation equilibria for the parent compound of three highly potent antivirals have been studied by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
Facile synthesis of compact CdS–CuS heterostructures for optimal CO2-to-syngas photoconversion
Authors: Xu Jian-Ying , Liu Xiang-Ji , Huang Han-Nan , Xu Yu-Hang , Zhong Zhou , Li Ya-Feng , Zeng Raymond Jianxiong , Lü Jian , Cao Rong
Published: March 2022

Compact CdS–CuS heterostructures were synthesized by a facile cation exchange pathway and applied for syngas production via CO2 photoreduction.
Selective CO2 adsorption and bathochromic shift in a phosphocholine-based lipid and conjugated polymer assembly
Authors: Noh Juran , Koo Dong Geon , Hyun Chohee , Lee Dabin , Jang Seohyeon , Kim Jiho , Jeon Yejee , Moon Su-Young , Chae Boknam , Nam Inho , Shin Tae Joo , Park Juhyun
Published: March 2022

Assembly films of a phosphocholine-based lipid and a crystalline conjugated polymer had significant CO2 selective adsorption and light absorption due to the attractive interaction of CO2 with exposed polar lipid heads and enhanced morphologies.
MWCNT-modified MXene as cost-effective efficient bifunctional catalyst for overall water splitting
Authors: Zahra Syedah Afsheen , Rizwan Syed
Published: March 2022

Utilization of cost-effective, bifunctional, and efficient electrocatalysts for complete water splitting is desirable for sustainable clean hydrogen energy.
Ordered structure constructed from C2-symmetric hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene linked with oligo(dimethylsiloxane)
Authors: Zhang Wei , Yang Weilu , Pan Hongbing , Lyu Xiaolin , Xiao Anqi , Liu Dong , Liu Yun , Shen Zhihao , Yang Huai , Fan Xing-He
Published: March 2022

Organic–inorganic block molecules with different numbers of ODMS chains attached to HBC can form sub-5-nm LamColr and Colh phases that can be transferred into thin films.
Efficient MA-free perovskite solar cells with balanced carrier transport achieved using 4-trifluorophenylammonium iodide
Authors: Li Linrui , Lv Yinhua , Liu Qianlong , Fan Zhenghui , Yuan Ruihan , Tang Weijian , Liu Xinhang , Zhang Ping , Zhang Wen-Hua
Published: March 2022

4-Trifluorophenylammonium iodide was employed to passivate defects in MA-free PSCs, rendering an impressive PCE of 22.7%.
Rabbit IgG-imprinted nanoMIPs by solid phase synthesis: the effect of cross-linkers on their affinity and selectivity
Authors: Chiarello Matteo , Anfossi Laura , Cavalera Simone , Di Nardo Fabio , Serra Thea , Sordello Fabrizio , Baggiani Claudio
Published: March 2022

Rabbit IgG-imprinted nanopolymers were prepared by solid phase synthesis. Five different cross-linkers were used, evaluating the binding properties. The molecular structure of cross-linker influences of nanopolymer selectivity towards other proteins.
Phenylboronic acid-functionalized silver nanoparticles for highly efficient and selective bacterial killing
Authors: Wang Haili , You Wei , Wu Bin , Nie Xuan , Xia Lei , Wang Changhui , You Ye-Zi
Published: March 2022

In our study, the introduction of covalent binding between silver nanoparticle and bacteria has proven to be an effective strategy for engineering efficient microbicides with high antibacterial behavior and selectivity.
Coordinate sizing of energy storage and transmission line for a remote renewable power plant
Authors: Xie Rui , Wei Wei , Ge Ming‐Feng , Wu Qiuwei , Mei Shengwei
Published: March 2022

To protect the environment and reduce carbon emissions, renewable power generation has been growing rapidly during the past decade. Renewable energy resources are sometimes far away from the main grid, leading to expensive grid‐connection transmission lines. Deploying on‐site energy storage can smooth the output power and help to reduce the renewable power spillage and the requirement of transmission line capacity. This paper presents a method to coordinately size on‐site energy storage and grid‐connection transmission line for a remote renewable power plant, minimising the total investment cost subject to the constraint of renewable curtailment risk. Through an optimal operation model, the renewable curtailment is proven to be a piecewise affine function of capacity parameters and renewable power generation, and a linear programming‐based algorithm is proposed to generate an approximate expression. A distributionally robust optimisation model is proposed to determine the sizes. The renewable generation uncertainty is modelled by a Wasserstein‐metric‐based ambiguity set containing probability distributions around the empirical distribution constructed from the historical data. The utilisation rate is ensured in the worst‐case distribution. The sizing problem is transformed into a tractable linear program. The case study demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Security Protection Method of Energy Internet with Android
Authors: ZHU Yayun , JIANG Lin , YUAN Anqi , YUAN Yinghao
Published: March 2022

As a product of the combination of information and energy technology, the energy internet is enormous and complex, and the absence of security safeguards at any aspect of it can cause incalculable damage. Aiming at the problems that Energy Internet terminals are difficult to be trusted and the integrity of massive terminals cannot be guaranteed, this paper designs and implements a set of comprehensive credibility measures and security protection schemes, isolates various malicious operations, and ensures that the system is always in a credible state. Specifically, we develop a secure TF card control program in the Android terminal application layer to realize the overall security scheme. Experimental results prove that this security protection scheme can effectively detect illegal application packages in energy Internet terminal devices, resist malicious programs, and protect key data from theft at the same time, achieving security protection in the "thing-to-thing" interconnection scenario of the Energy Internet.
Complex-Valued Valuations onLpSpaces
Authors: LIU Lijuan
Published: March 2022

All continuous translation invariant complex-valued valuations on Lebesgue measurable functions are completely classified. And all continuous rotation invariant complex-valued valuations on spherical Lebesgue measurable functions are also completely classified.
Composition and Accumulation of Fouling during Leachate Reverse Osmosis Membrane Treatment in both a Typical Incineration Plant and a Landfill
Authors: YU Lu , LI Kunyu , YU Zhipeng , ZENG Xiaolan
Published: March 2022

Reverse osmosis (RO) membrane process has been extensively used for leachate treatment both in incineration plants and landfills. However, operation and maintenance costs caused by membrane pollution limit the wide application of RO membrane. In order to further understand membrane fouling, this study analyzes the influent, effluent, concentrated liquid pollutants and membrane fouling of typical waste incineration plants and landfills in Chongqing, a city in the west of China based on the comparison of three-dimensional excitation and emission matrix fluorescence (3DEEM) and nanometer particle size. In addition, this paper discusses the change law of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and main pollutants in membrane fouling in the disc tube reverse osmosis (DTRO) system in a single operation cycle, analyzes the main components of membrane fouling, and draws the accumulation of RO membrane pollutants, in order to provide a reference for understanding the composition, formation and control of membrane fouling.
Die Systemtherapie des malignen Melanoms
Authors: Ritter Nathalie , Peeken Lucia , Schultz Erwin S. , Debus Dirk
Published: March 2022

In den vergangenen 10 Jahren wurde die Systemtherapie des malignen Melanoms durch die Zulassung neuer Substanzen revolutioniert. In der vorliegenden Übersicht werden zunächst die aktuellen adjuvanten Therapiemöglichkeiten beschrieben, anschließend werden der Kenntnisstand zur neoadjuvanten Therapie dargestellt und schließlich die Behandlungsoptionen im inoperablen Stadium beleuchtet.
Reise durch den Wissensdschungel – Video Case-Based Learning
Authors: Tuena-Küpfer Simone
Published: March 2022

Kritisch über das eigene Denken und Handeln nachzudenken ist eine zentrale Kompetenz im Rahmen der evidenzbasierten Praxis. Video Case-Based Learning in der Lehre eignet sich dazu, auf metakognitiver Ebene das angeeignete Wissen zu vernetzen und den Clinical-Reasoning-Prozess zu verstehen. Simone Tuena-Küpfer ist überzeugt von der Methode und wendet sie in ihrem Unterricht regelmäßig an.
Endoscopic incision of rectal diverticulum: A case report
Authors: Qiu Yan-Yu , Cheng Yong , Dong Peng , Hu Deng-Hua , Shu Xin-Peng , Wen Guang-Xu
Published: March 2022

A 70-year-old woman with a rectal diverticulum presented with anal pendant expansion and difficulty in defecation for more than 1 year. The patient was diagnosed with a rectal diverticulum by pelvic enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computerized tomography (CT), rectal angiography, and colonoscopy. The endoscopic diverticulum incision procedure (EDIP) was implemented with this patient. At the 4-month follow-up, anal pendant expansion and difficulty in defecation were significantly relieved. Furthermore, colonoscopy proved that there were no vestigial feces in the diverticulum.
Stress and Its Consequences—Biological Strain
Authors: Stevenson David K. , Gotlib Ian H. , Buthmann Jessica L. , Marié Ivana , Aghaeepour Nima , Gaudilliere Brice , Angst Martin S. , Darmstadt Gary L. , Druzin Maurice L. , Wong Ronald J. , Shaw Gary M. , Katz Michael
Published: March 2022

Understanding the role of stress in pregnancy and its consequences is important, particularly given documented associations between maternal stress and preterm birth and other pathological outcomes. Physical and psychological stressors can elicit the same biological responses, known as biological strain. Chronic stressors, like poverty and racism (race-based discriminatory treatment), may create a legacy or trajectory of biological strain that no amount of coping can relieve in the absence of larger-scale socio-behavioral or societal changes. An integrative approach that takes into consideration simultaneously social and biological determinants of stress may provide the best insights into the risk of preterm birth. The most successful computational approaches and the most predictive machine-learning models are likely to be those that combine information about the stressors and the biological strain (for example, as measured by different omics) experienced during pregnancy.
INOVASIA Study: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial of Pravastatin to Prevent Preeclampsia in High-Risk Patients
Authors: Akbar Muhammad Ilham Aldika , Azis Muhammad Alamsyah , Riu Deviana Soraya , Wawengkang Ellen , Ernawati Ernawati , Bachnas Muhammad Adrianes , Sulistyowati Sri , Dachlan Erry Gumilar , Mose Johanes Cornelius , Dekker Gus
Published: March 2022

Objective Our objective was to determine if treatment with pravastatin prevents preeclampsia in pregnant patients at risk of preeclampsia.

Materials and Methods The study was performed in four major tertiary hospitals in Surabaya, Bandung, and Makassar between 2017 and 2021. Pregnant women at high risk of developing preeclampsia were recruited and randomized into an intervention group and control group. The control group received low-dose aspirin (80 mg) and calcium (1 g) daily, while the intervention group received additional pravastatin (20 mg twice daily) starting from 14 to 20 weeks' gestation until delivery. The pregnancy was followed until delivery, and the clinical data were collected. The primary outcome was the occurrence of preeclampsia.

Result A total of 173 people participated in this study, including 86 in the control group and 87 in the pravastatin group. The pravastatin group had a significantly lower rate of preterm preeclampsia (13.8 vs. 26.7%; p = 0.034; odds ratio [OR] = 0.034, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.202–0.905) and preterm birth (16.1 vs. 36%; p = 0.003; OR = 0.340, 95% CI = 0.165–0.7), mostly indicated preterm birth. Preeclampsia occurred later in the pravastatin group than in the control group (36.39 + 2.32 vs. 34.89 + 3.38 weeks, p = 0.048). Overall, the pravastatin group showed better perinatal outcomes. Neonates with low Apgar scores (<7) at 1 minute (5.7 vs. 25.6%, p = 0.000) and 5 minutes (2.3 vs. 25.6%, p = 0.028) were significantly less common in the pravastatin group. Additionally, the rate of low birthweight babies (<2,500 g) was lower in the pravastatin group (27.6 vs. 40.7%; p = 0.069).

Conclusion Pravastatin (20 mg bid) significantly reduces the risk of preterm preeclampsia and preterm birth in women at a high risk of developing preeclampsia.

Key Points
Clinical Delphi on aPL Negativization: Report from the APS Study Group of the Italian Society for Rheumatology (SIR-APS)
Authors: Sciascia Savino , Foddai Silvia Grazietta , Alessandri Cristiano , Alunno Alessia , Andreoli Laura , Barinotti Alice , Calligaro Antonia , Canti Valentina , Carubbi Francesco , Cecchi Irene , Chighizola Cecillia B. , Conti Fabrizio , Emmi Giacomo , Fioravanti Antonella , Fischetti Fabio , Franceschini Franco , Gerosa Maria , Hoxha Ariela , Larosa Maddalena , Lazzaroni Maria-Grazia , Nalli Cecilia , Pazzola Giulia , Radin Massimo , Raffeiner Bernd , Ramoni Veronique L. , Rubini Elena , Sebastiani Gian Domenico , Truglia Simona , Urban Maria Letizia , Roccatello Dario , Tincani Angela
Published: March 2022

Background The rate of antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) negativization in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) patients is uncertain, but it is estimated to be as high as 8%. Currently, a consensus definition of aPL negativization is lacking, as well as international recommendations on how to approach treatment in patients with a persistent aPL-negative seroconversion.

Aim The aim of the Delphi survey was to evaluate the clinical approach and level of consensus among experts from the APS Study Group of the Italian Society for Rheumatology (SIR-APS) in different clinical scenarios.

Methods Experts of SIR-APS were contacted using a survey methodology.

Results A structured survey was circulated among 30 experts. Up to 90% of the interviewed experts agreed on defining aPL negativization as the presence of two negative determinations, 1 year apart (90%). Almost full consensus exists among experts in some clinical settings, including: (1) the role of aPL negativization in the management of a thrombotic event determined by concomitant presence of cardiovascular risk factors, both modifiable and not modifiable (90%); (2) approach to young patients with triple aPL positivity who experienced pulmonary arterial thrombotic events and tested negative for aPL detection after 5 years of vitamin K antagonist (VKA) treatment (90%); (3) the use of “extra criteria” aPL antibody testing before pondering VKA suspension (93%).

Conclusion A substantial agreement exists among experts on how to define aPL negativization. VKA suspension should be embraced with extreme caution, particularly in case of previous thrombotic events and/or triple aPL positivity. Nevertheless, VKA cessation might be considered when risk factors are carefully monitored/treated and the presence of “extra criteria” aPL is ruled out.
Treating Alcohol Use Disorder in Patients with Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease: Controversies in Pharmacological Therapy
Authors: Tarli Claudia , Mirijello Antonio , Addolorato Giovanni
Published: March 2022

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is one of the main causes of global death and disability. The liver represents the main target of alcohol damage, and alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) represents the first cause of liver cirrhosis in Western countries. Alcohol abstinence is the main goal of treatment in AUD patients with ALD, as treatments for ALD are less effective when drinking continues. Moreover, the persistence of alcohol consumption is associated with higher mortality, increased need for liver transplantation, and graft loss. The most effective treatment for AUD is the combination of psychosocial interventions, pharmacological therapy, and medical management. However, the effectiveness of these treatments in patients with ALD is doubtful even because AUD patients with ALD are usually excluded from pharmacological trials due to concerns on liver safety. This narrative review will discuss the treatment options for AUD-ALD patients focusing on controversies in pharmacological therapy.