bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interaction of PS II‐ and HPPD‐Inhibiting Herbicides for Control of Palmer Amaranth Resistant to Both Herbicide Sites of Action
Authors: Chahal Parminder S. , Jhala Amit J.
Published: September 2018

Core Ideas

Additive interactions with photosytem II‐ and HPPD‐inhibitors tank‐mixtures applied pre‐emergence.

Synergistic interactions with photosytem II‐ and HPPD‐inhibitors tank‐mixtures applied post‐emergence.

Palmer amaranth resistant to photosytem II‐ and HPPD‐inhibitors applied pre‐emergence or post‐emergence.

Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) resistant to post‐emergence (POST) applications of photosystem (PS) II‐ and 4‐hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)‐inhibiting herbicides has been confirmed in a continuous corn (Zea mays L.) seed production field in Nebraska. Field studies were conducted in 2014 through 2016 near Shickley in Fillmore County, Nebraska, to determine the response of Palmer amaranth to PS II‐ and HPPD‐inhibiting herbicides applied pre‐emergence (PRE) and to their tank‐mixtures applied PRE or POST. Results from the dose‐response study indicated that atrazine at 3757 and 17,920 g a.i. ha−1 applied PRE provided 25 and 45% Palmer amaranth control, respectively, at 28 d after treatment (DAT). Mesotrione and isoxaflutole doses required for 90% control were 1030 and 1140 g ha−1, respectively. To determine the interactions of mesotrione, tembotrione, or topramezone tank‐mixed with atrazine applied POST, Colby’s equation was used to calculate the expected Palmer amaranth control achieved with those tank‐mixtures compared to a nontreated control. Based on Colby’s equation, additive interactions occurred for Palmer amaranth control, density reduction, and biomass reduction when atrazine tank‐mixed with mesotrione or isoxaflutole was applied PRE at all rate combinations. However, synergistic interactions occurred when mesotrione or topramezone tank‐mixed with atrazine was applied POST. The results indicated that Palmer amaranth from Nebraska is resistant to both PS II‐ and HPPD‐inhibiting herbicides applied PRE or POST alone; however, they can be applied POST in a tank‐mixture with different site of action herbicides for effective control and to reduce the risk of herbicide resistance evolution.
Influence of Management Practices on Distribution of Fungicides in Golf Course Turf
Authors: Ou Ling , Latin Richard
Published: September 2018

Core Ideas

Most fungicide residues remained within the verdure/thatch layer.

Irrigation and wetting agent had little effect on fungicide distribution.

Distribution patterns for four modern fungicides were similar.

Fungicides are often applied to control root diseases that affect golf course turf. Post‐application irrigation and wetting agents are suggested to improve fungicide performance by facilitating downward movement into the root zone. How irrigation and wetting agent treatments influence fungicide distribution in the turf profile remains unclear based on existing literature. The research objective was to investigate the influence of a wetting agent and post‐application irrigation on the distribution of modern fungicides in a sand‐based creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) putting green. Fungicides used in two distinct experimental runs in field plots included azoxystrobin, fluxapyroxad, propiconazole, and pyraclostrobin. Fungicide + irrigation, fungicide + wetting agent, and fungicide + irrigation + wetting agent treatment effects were compared with a fungicide‐only treatment. Turf was sampled at –1, 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 d after fungicide application. Core samples were collected and separated into three components—verdure/thatch, and soil at two depths, 2 to 5 and 5 to 8 cm. Fungicide was extracted from each turf component and analyzed thereafter using liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectroscopy. Results showed that the majority of fungicide was captured by verdure/thatch, and that fungicide concentration in verdure/thatch was 1 to 2 orders of magnitude higher compared with other turf components. Further, in almost every case, there was no measurable effect of irrigation, wetting agent, or the combination on fungicide distribution in the turf profile. Research results can help improve understanding of fungicide distribution in turf and provide scientific context for recommendations regarding root disease control in golf course turf.
Response of Soil Surface Greenhouse Gas Fluxes to Crop Residue Removal and Cover Crops under a Corn–Soybean Rotation
Authors: Wegner Brianna R. , Chalise Kopila Subedi , Singh Shikha , Lai Liming , Abagandura Gandura Omar , Kumar Sandeep , Osborne Shannon L. , Lehman R. Michael , Jagadamma Sindhu
Published: September 2018

Excessive crop residue returned to the soil hinders farm operations, but residue removal can affect soil quality. In contrast, cover cropping can return additional residue to the soil and improve soils and environmental quality compared with no cover cropping. Residue and cover crop impacts on soil surface greenhouses gas (GHG) emissions are undetermined and site specific. Thus, the present study was conducted to investigate the impacts of corn (Zea mays L.) residue management and cover cropping on GHG fluxes. The fluxes were measured from 2013 to 2015 using static chamber under corn and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation initiated in 2000 at Brookings, SD. Treatments included two residue management levels (residue returned [RR] and residue not returned [RNR]) and two cover cropping (cover crops [CC] and no cover crops [NCC]). Results showed that RR under corn and soybean phases significantly reduced cumulative CO2 fluxes (2681.3 kg ha−1 in corn and 2419.8 kg ha−1 in soybeans) compared with RNR (3331.0 kg ha−1 in corn and 2755.0 kg ha−1 in soybeans) in 2013. The RR emitted significantly less cumulative N2O fluxes than RNR from both the phases in 2013 and 2014, but not in 2015. The CC treatment had significantly lower cumulative N2O fluxes than the NCC for corn and soybean phases in 2013 and 2014. We conclude that crop residue retention and cover cropping can mitigate the GHG emissions compared with residue removal and no cover cropping.

Core Ideas

Residual retention reduced cumulative CO2 in 2013 compared with residual removal.

Residual management and cover cropping did not affect CH4 fluxes.

Cover crop reduced cumulative N2O in 2013 and 2014 compared with no cover crop.
Auxin Herbicides and Pesticide Mixtures in Groundwater of a Canadian Prairie Province
Authors: Munira Sirajum , Farenhorst Annemieke , Sapkota Kamala , Nilsson Denise , Sheedy Claudia
Published: September 2018

Groundwater samples were collected from piezometers and water table wells in both dryland and irrigated agricultural regions of Alberta, Canada, to examine the occurrence of pesticide mixtures. Fourteen current‐use pesticides and two historical compounds were detected over a 3‐yr sampling period. Pesticide mixtures were detected in ∼3% of the groundwater samples, and the frequency of detection increased from spring (1.5%) to summer (3.8%) and fall (4.8%). Pesticide mixtures always consisted of at least one of two auxin herbicides: 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D) or 2‐methyl‐4‐chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA). 19% of all samples contained a single pesticide, with auxin herbicides 2,4‐D (7.3%), MCPA (4.4%), and clopyralid (3.9%) being most prevalent. We detected 2,4‐D predominantly in the fall (72% of 2,4‐D detections) and less in spring and summer (28%). We detected MCPA mostly in summer (85% of MCPA detections) and less in spring and fall (15%). Clopyralid was more evenly detected across spring (30%), summer (25%), and fall (45%). Since the auxin herbicides above are typically applied in summer, results suggest that each herbicide may have different mobility and persistence characteristics in prairie soils. Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality have been set for a range of individual pesticides, but not for pesticide mixtures. If Canada is to establish such guidelines, this study demonstrates that auxin herbicides should be prioritized. In addition, only 7 of the 16 compounds detected in this study have established maximum acceptable concentrations (MACs), excluding clopyralid, which was detected in all three sampling years.

Core Ideas

Sixteen pesticides were detected in groundwater, most frequently auxin herbicides.

Detection of pesticide mixtures increased from spring (1.5%) to fall (4.8%).

Samples with pesticide mixtures always contained at least one auxin herbicide.

In establishing water quality guidelines for mixtures, Canada must prioritize auxins.
Boron-doping of cubic SiC for intermediate band solar cells: a scanning transmission electron microscopy study
Authors: Carvalho Patricia , Thørgesen Annett , Ma Quanbao , Nielsen Wright Daniel , Diplas Spyros , Galeckas Augustinas , Azarov Alexander , Jokubavicius Valdas , Sun Jianwu , Syväjärvi Mikael , Svensson Bengt Gunnar , Løvvik Ole Martin
Published: September 2018

Boron (B) has the potential for generating an intermediate band in
cubic silicon carbide (3C-SiC), turning this material into a highly
efficient absorber for single-junction solar cells. The formation of a
delocalized band demands high concentration of the foreign element, but
the precipitation behavior of B in the 3C polymorph of SiC is not well
known. Here, probe-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy
and secondary-ion mass spectrometry are used to investigate
precipitation mechanisms in B-implanted 3C-SiC as a function of
temperature. Point-defect clustering was detected after annealing at
1273 K while stacking faults, B-rich precipitates and dislocation
networks developed in the 1573 - 1773 K range. The precipitates adopted
the rhombohedral B13C2 structure and trapped B up
to 1773 K. Above this temperature, higher solubility reduced
precipitation and free B diffused out of the implantation layer. Dopant
concentrations of \mathbf{10^{19}\:\mathrm{\mathbf{at.cm}}^{-3}}1019𝐚𝐭.𝐜𝐦−3
were achieved at 1873 K.
Láthatatlan transzferek: Ki adja és ki kapja a háztartási munkát?
Authors: Gál Róbert Iván , Szabó Endre , Vargha Lili
Published: September 2018

A 2009/2010-es időmérleg adatai alapján megvizsgáljuk a háztartásban végzett nem fizetett munka, illetve az e munka révén előállított javak és szolgáltatások fogyasztásának koreloszlásait nemek szerint. Kis leegyszerűsítéssel elvégezzük a háztartásgazdaságot leíró háztartási szatellitszámla elsődleges demográfiai elemzését. Eredményeink a férfiak és nők közötti munkamegosztás jól dokumentált különbségeit pontosítják. A női korprofilra sokkal erőteljesebben jellemző a kétcsúcspontú eloszlás. A nemek közötti különbség a gyermeknevelési életkorokban a legnagyobb, de minden 10 évesnél idősebb korcsoportban jelen van. Mindezt figyelembe véve, a háztartáson belüli időtranszferek igazi nyertesei nem a nemek, hanem a korcsoportok közötti újraelosztásban keresendők. A 30 és 53 év közötti férfiak nettó nyújtói és nem kedvezményezettjei az időtranszfereknek. Egy átlagos 54 év feletti férfi 1,3 havi keresetnek megfelelő értékű időtranszfert kap – egy átlagos gyermek azonban 0 és 17 év között 5,6 havi keresetnyit. A háztartásgazdaság nem csak nemek között, hanem életkorok között mozgat transzfereket.
CO2 Bubbling to Improve Algal Growth, Nutrient Removal, and Membrane Performance in an Algal Membrane Bioreactor
Authors: Tang Tianyu , Wan Peng , Hu Zhiqiang
Published: September 2018

Algae generally prefer CO2 through passive gas diffusion to or , as uptake of carbonate species relies on active transport. In this study, the effects of CO2 bubbling on algal growth, nutrient uptake, lipid accumulation, and membrane fouling control were investigated in an algal membrane bioreactor (A‐MBR). Bubbling with 10% CO2 in the A‐MBR system increased algal specific oxygen production rate by 43 ± 5% and algal productivity by 39 ± 1%, even though there was abundant dissolved inorganic carbon available in the secondary wastewater effluent (about 3.6 mM). Meanwhile, nitrogen removal capacity increased from originally 2.6 ± 0.4 g/m3•d to 3.6 ± 0.4 g/m3•d through continuous CO2 bubbling. Furthermore, membrane fouling was significantly reduced in the A‐MBR system with CO2 addition, likely because of reduced mineral precipitation on the membrane at lower pHs.
A Stakeholder Analysis of the KLIA2 Airport Terminal Project
Authors: Mohd Isa Nor Azlina
Published: September 2018

Managing an airport terminal project is complex due to the involvement of a large number of stakeholders. Airport stakeholders include many organisations and individuals, making it a collaborative service environment. Stakeholder theory denotes that organisation should strive to create value for all its stakeholders without the need to trade off. This study attempted to provide an overview of the literature relating to the stakeholder theory as well as examining the related respondents towards measuring the collective perspectives of the klia2 airport terminal project. Keywords: stakeholder theory; airport stakeholders; airport terminal; project management.eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.138
Applied Mathematical Model for Construction Planning in a Housing Development Project
Authors: Ngowtanasuwan Grit
Published: September 2018

The paper presented a method for solving a construction planning problem in a housing development project using a mathematical model which is an integer linear programming for dividing house construction jobs to three contractors in a project case study. 169 units of the houses in the project would be constructed by the three contractors in two methods, conventional construction method and precast method. The results found a minimum construction cost of the project was 417.69 million baht (M$13.92), and within the total project duration of 72 months. Conclusions and recommendations were discussed in this article.Keywords: Housing Development Project, Mathematical Model, Precast Concrete Construction.eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.140
Cultural Heritage Transfer of the Traditional Thai House: Usiri Family Houses
Authors: Panitchpakdi Kundoldibya
Published: September 2018

Traditional Thai house architecture is a significant part the Thai culture and heritage. One unique attribute of traditional Thai house construction is the modular, pre-fabricated wood components, with non-permanent connections. This allows the house to be dissembled and reassembled in a new location without damage. This is a case study of Thai-style houses built and owned by six generations of the Usiri family. Their houses have been passed down from the first to subsequent generations.  From only two Thai-style houses 130 years ago, there are now eleven houses as part of an expanding cultural inheritance.Keywords: cultural heritage; traditional house; preservation; living environment.eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.143
Inventing Agricultural Humanities via Revitalizing New Ruralism Tea-Town in Taiwan
Authors: Chang Shenglin Elijah , Yang Ze-Jyun , Kuo Ming-Yang , Hsiao Ting-Hsiung
Published: September 2018

This paper examines the most effective ways of engaging citizens to appreciate rural villages and agriculture traditions. Pondering on experiences of rural revitalizations in Asian societies, this paper proposes the concept of "participatory agricultural humanities." Participatory agricultural humanities are tools and processes engaging citizens into eco-friendly farming and land related works or events. Based on action research and qualitative research methods, we have been working with peri-urban and rural communities in Taiwan since 2009. Only embracing agricultural humanities as our values, we could re-establish eco-friendly rural developments with biodiversity and cultural diversity as a whole.Keywords: agricultural humanities; rural revitalization; participation; new ruralism.eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.147
The Effects of User’s Attitude on the Intention to Purchase and to Revisit in Game Advertising
Authors: Hussein Zuhal , Abd Wahid Nabsiah
Published: September 2018

The aim of this study is to explore the effects of attitude on the user’s intention to purchase and to revisit the game. This experimental study recruited 224 subjects on a voluntary basis through random sampling using a survey method. A questionnaire was used as an instrument to gather the data for this study. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The results found that attitude significantly affected the purchase intention of games advertised and significantly influenced users’ intention to revisit the game.Keywords: Attitude; Game advertising; Purchase intention; Revisit the gameeISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.153
The Influence of Textured Surfaces of Cosmetic Packaging on Consumers’ Feelings
Authors: Ritnamkam Siripuk , Chavalkul Yada
Published: September 2018

This study investigated what consumers’ feelings were evoked when they touched different textured surfaces of 20 compact powder cases. Without seeing them, fifty respondents with and without an art-and-design-based background were asked to describe their feelings in their words as they touched the cases as well as explain them by provided words. The results show that different surface textures did evoke different respondents’ feelings of which those familiar with the design were able to express a wider range. All participants were able to describe both the initial sense of physicality and complex feelings toward every textured surface investigated.Keywords:senseof touch; textured surfaces; cosmetic packaging; consumers’ feelings.eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.154
Estimating the Size of Key Populations in Kampala, Uganda: 3-Source Capture-Recapture Study (Preprint)
Authors: Doshi Reena H , Apodaca Kevin , Ogwal Moses , Bain Rommel , Amene Ermias , Kiyingi Herbert , Aluzimbi George , Musinguzi Geofrey , Serwadda David , McIntyre Anne F , Hladik Wolfgang
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND

Key populations, including people who inject drugs (PWID), men who have sex with men (MSM), and female sex workers (FSW), are disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic. Understanding the magnitude of, and informing the public health response to, the HIV epidemic among these populations requires accurate size estimates. However, low social visibility poses challenges to these efforts.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to derive population size estimates of PWID, MSM, and FSW in Kampala using capture-recapture.

METHODS

Between June and October 2017, unique objects were distributed to the PWID, MSM, and FSW populations in Kampala. PWID, MSM, and FSW were each sampled during 3 independent captures; unique objects were offered in captures 1 and 2. PWID, MSM, and FSW sampled during captures 2 and 3 were asked if they had received either or both of the distributed objects. All captures were completed 1 week apart. The numbers of PWID, MSM, and FSW receiving one or both objects were determined. Population size estimates were derived using the Lincoln-Petersen method for 2-source capture-recapture (PWID) and Bayesian nonparametric latent-class model for 3-source capture-recapture (MSM and FSW).

RESULTS

We sampled 467 PWID in capture 1 and 450 in capture 2; a total of 54 PWID were captured in both. We sampled 542, 574, and 598 MSM in captures 1, 2, and 3, respectively. There were 70 recaptures between captures 1 and 2, 103 recaptures between captures 2 and 3, and 155 recaptures between captures 1 and 3. There were 57 MSM captured in all 3 captures. We sampled 962, 965, and 1417 FSW in captures 1, 2, and 3, respectively. There were 316 recaptures between captures 1 and 2, 214 recaptures between captures 2 and 3, and 235 recaptures between captures 1 and 3. There were 109 FSW captured in all 3 rounds. The estimated number of PWID was 3892 (3090-5126), the estimated number of MSM was 14,019 (95% credible interval (CI) 4995-40,949), and the estimated number of FSW was 8848 (95% CI 6337-17,470).

CONCLUSIONS

Our population size estimates for PWID, MSM, and FSW in Kampala provide critical population denominator data to inform HIV prevention and treatment programs. The 3-source capture-recapture is a feasible method to advance key population size estimation.
Manfaat Data External Causes dan Aplikasi ArcGIS di PT Jasa Raharja (Persero) Kantor Cabang DIY
Authors: Merlinesia Defin , Nuryati Nuryati
Published: September 2018

Latar belakang: Januari-Agustus 2014 tercatat 614 kejadian kecelakaan lalu lintas (KLL) di Kabupaten Sleman dan jumlah kendaraannya tertinggi di provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). Pada KMK No 377 Tahun 2007 kompetensi perekam medis mengenai pengolahan data yaitu manajemen rekam medis informasi kesehatan, dan statistik kesehatan. Pendokumentasian dan pengolahan data external causes (EC) fasyankes sangat minim. Ketidaklengkapan ditemukan di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta dan inputnya pada Sistem Informasi Manajemen Rumah Sakit (SIMRS) belum baik. Data EC KLL yang lengkap dibutuhkan untuk urusan jaminan lembaga asuransi seperti PT Jasa Raharja.Tujuan: Mengetahui manfaat data EC KLL bagi PT Jasa Raharja (Persero) Kantor Cabang DIY, melakukan pemetaan kejadian KLL di Kabupaten Sleman dengan menggunakan software ArcGIS 10.1, dan mengetahui tingkat kejadian KLL Kabupaten Sleman.Metode: Penelitian desktiptif kualitatif rancangan fenomenologis. Subjeknya petugas Ajun Arsiparis, PA Pelayanan Klaim, dan Kepala Unit Operasional. Teknik pengambilan data adalah studi dokumentasi, observasi, dan wawancara.Hasil: Manfaat data EC yaitu entry data ke aplikasi pelayanan, pembuatan data/statistik, acuan penjaminan, dan pencegahan KLL. Peta kejadian KLL mendapat tanggapan positif petugas. 341 korban KLL selama Juli-Desember 2015 ditangani fasyankes Kabupaten Sleman.Kesimpulan: Data EC KLL PT Jasa Raharja (Persero) Kantor Cabang DIY secara optimal dan rutin dimanfaatkan petugas untuk entry data ke aplikasi pelayanan, pembuatan data/statistik, acuan penjaminan, dan pencegahan KLL. Data EC belum dimanfaatkan untuk pemetaan KLL. Pemetaan kejadian KLL menggunakan software ArcGIS 10.1 mudah, hasilnya bagus dan berguna. Tingkat KLL di Kabupaten Sleman cenderung menurun.
Implementasi Program Arsip Masuk Desa
Authors: Rokhmatun Burhanudin Dwi
Published: September 2018

The Village Archives Program (Arsip Masuk Desa/AMD) is a program launched by ANRI since 2009. The objective of AMD Program is to increase the role of archives in administering village government administration in order to improve services to the village community. AMD Program targets are the increasing quality of archival management in village government in accordance with archival rules and legislation.Archival courses presented in the AMD Program includes the Making of Official Scripts, Letters Management, Arrangement and Use of Archives, and Disposal of Archives. The scope that became the object of AMD is the archive created in the Village Government, Village Consultative Board (Badan Permusyawaratan Desa/BPD), and Kelurahan. The obstacles faced in the implementation of the AMD Program stem from the inequalities of potential, conditions, and resources, including village-to-village gaps in the areas of budget and human resources, and socio-cultural differences. Alternative solutions that can be implemented in the implementation of the AMD Program include the formulation of a clear concept, mapping the condition and resources of the village, as well as the preparation of human resources and budget.
Reglas de resonancia
Authors: Romero Martínez Artemisa , Canchola Martínez Enrique , James Molina Guillermo , Haro Castellanos Jorge A. , Arias Margarito Ladislao , Ramírez Chavarrín Normal Leticia
Published: September 2018

La resonancia se define como la deslocalización de los electrones pi y electrones libres (electrones no enlazantes) en una molécula. La representación de las estructuras que se involucran en esa deslocalización se denominan estructuras resonantes o contribuyentes. La estructura que representa a todas las formas contribuyentes en la resonancia de una molécula, es conocida como híbrido de resonancia.
Número extraordinario
Authors: Garritz Andoni
Published: September 2018

Éste es un número extraordinario de la revista Educación Química. Es el quinto número que ha aparecido en el año 2004, en el que celebramos el decimoquinto aniversario de este medio editorial. Éste es el primer año en el que nos vemos obligados a sacar un número extra debido a la acumulación de artículos aceptados aún no publicados. Antes, en la primera época de la revista, decidimos pasar de una periodicidad trimestral a una bimestral en el año 1998.
Comunicación celular. Transducción de señales acopladas a proteínas G heterotriméricas
Authors: González Morán María Genoveva
Published: September 2018

Most of the chemical messengers are hydrophilic molecules that exert their biological effect through transmembrane receptors which couple to heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins (Gproteins). These G-proteins are signal transductors and they also represent the central part of a molecular machine which is able to receive, integrate and process information carried out by extracellular signals. Several different mechanisms for signal transduction are known. This paper focuses the molecular mechanisms of signal transduction via heterotrimeric G proteins.
Chemistry Education, Kindergarten through College. Should We Be Changing the Direction of Where It Is Going?
Authors: Gabel Dorothy
Published: September 2018

In the 1980s I assisted in directing a summer sixweek workshop at the University of Maryland for high school chemistry instructors on the teaching of chemistry. A young woman, who had recently graduated from the University, was the workshop secretary/ assistant. She had been selected for the job, not only because of her nice personality and skills, but because of her chemistry background. She had obtained the highest average in the introductory chemistry class of about 500 students at the University of Maryland.
Las TIC como elemento motivador para el trabajo de las universidades con las comunidades: el caso de los foros invertidos de InterConectados
Authors: Diez Elieth , Ordoñez Luis
Published: September 2018

Los foros invertidos InterConectados-AsoVAC son un espacio de debate y discusión mediado por las TIC, dirigidos a profesores universitarios para que compartan sus experiencias de investigación en servicio comunitario. Se estudió la evolución de los foros hasta llegar a la modalidad actual de foro invertido. Se siguió la metodología de estudio de caso, utilizando técnicas como el registro documental, el cuestionario en línea y la entrevista semiestructurada. Los hallazgos muestran tres problemas que deben ser considerados en actividades futuras: primero, la poca comprensión de las potencialidades del servicio comunitario; segundo, la poca experticia en herramientas informáticas para el trabajo docente y de investigación; y, por último, la poca internalización de la relevancia del trabajo colaborativo en investigación. Pensamos que estas resistencias pueden ser superadas con la metodología del foro invertido, dado el potencial motivador de las TIC. Los hallazgos encontrados no son concluyentes y, por ende, el tema necesita mayor profundización en investigaciones posteriores.
Corporate social responsibility and Chinese family-owned small- and medium-sized enterprises
Authors: Xue Ke , Yu Mingyang , Xu Sheng
Published: September 2018

We investigated corporate social responsibility (CSR) cognitions and practices in Chinese family-owned small- and medium-sized enterprises. We explored the internal mechanisms of CSR on the basis of the quantitative data we obtained from managers and owners of these enterprises, and
industry experts. The results showed that CSR cognitions significantly influenced CSR motivations, which, in turn, influenced CSR practices, and that the relationship between CSR cognitions and practices was mediated by CSR motivations. In addition, we found that perceived importance of the
customer moderated the relationship between CSR motivations and practices. Our findings have both theoretical and empirical implications for owners' and managers' knowledge and motivation.
GREEN BRAND: A PERCEPÇÃO DOS JOVENS CONSUMIDORES SOBRE AS MARCAS VERDES
Authors: Alfenas Larissa Tayla , Moura Luiz Rodrigo Cunha , Cunha Nina Rosa da Silveira
Published: September 2018

A preocupação acerca dos problemas ambientais vem crescendo ao longo do tempo, bem como a percepção dos consumidores de que a degradação da natureza também vem aumentando ao longo do tempo. Essa percepção pode modificar o processo decisório dos consumidores em relação à aquisição de produtos e serviços. O objetivo desse trabalho é o de mensurar a percepção dos jovens consumidores à respeito das marcas verdes ou green brand. Assim, foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva com 700 alunos de um Centro Universitário localizado em uma metrópole brasileira. Os conceitos relativos às marcas verdes mensurados foram: afeto, preocupação ambiental, preferência, imagem da marca, confiança na marca, satisfação, força da marca, qualidade percebida, lealdade, valor percebido, comunicação boca-a-boca, risco percebido e propensão a pagar mais caro. Os resultados obtidos indicam que os jovens consumidores ainda não valorizam as marcas verdes. Apesar do risco percebido e do afeto terem apresentado bons resultados, a percepção do consumidor sobre os produtos, serviços e marcas verdes em termos de crenças, confiança, qualidade e intenções comportamentais ainda apresentaram valores baixos e medianos. Tanto a propensão dos jovens consumidores em pagar um preço premium por marcas verdes foi muito baixa quanto o valor percebido dessas marcas.
EXECUÇÃO ORÇAMENTÁRIA DA SUBFUNÇÃO TURISMO: RANKING DE DESEMPENHO DOS ESTADOS E DO DISTRITO FEDERAL (2011-2015)
Authors: Silva Maurício Corrêa da , Viana de Souza Fábia Jaiany , Tavares Adilson De Lima , Gomes da Silva José Dionísio
Published: September 2018

O objetivo desta investigação é avaliar a execução orçamentária da despesa da subfunção turismo dos Estados Brasileiros e do Distrito Federal, no período de 2011 a 2015, utilizando a técnica da Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP), a fim de elaborar um índice e estabelecer um ranking de desempenho. Foi utilizado o método de pesquisa empírico-analítico com o suporte das Teorias dos Stakeholders e Agência e como critério de avaliação: a eficiência alocativa. Os resultados apontaram no ranking de desempenho dos Estados e do Distrito Federal na execução orçamentária da subfunção turismo, no período de 2011 a 2015, com a elaboração do Índice de Desempenho da Subfunção Turismo dos Estados e do Distrito Federal (IDST), que o estado do Ceará (CE), seguido de Pernambuco (PE) e Santa Catarina (SC) obtiveram as primeiras posições (mais eficientes). Nas últimas posições ficaram os Estados de Rondônia – RO com a 25ª posição, Rio Grande do Sul – RS, na 26ª e na última posição (27ª), Alagoas – AL (menos eficiente).
Trauma-Informed Care Training in Family Medicine Residency Programs
Authors: Dichter Melissa E. , Teitelman Anne , Klusaritz Heather , Maurer Douglas M. , Cronholm Peter F. , Doubeni Chyke A.
Published: September 2018

Background and Objectives: Experiences of psychological trauma are common among primary care patient populations, and adversely affect patients’ health and health care utilization. Trauma-informed care (TIC) is a framework for identifying and responding to patients’ experiences of psychological trauma to avoid retraumatization. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the current state of TIC training in family medicine residency programs in the United States in order to identify opportunities for and barriers to TIC training.
Methods: Items addressing the four core domains of TIC were incorporated into the 2017 Council of Academy Family Medicine Educational Research Alliance (CERA) survey of program directors. The items assessed the presence, content, and sufficiency of TIC curriculum, as well as barriers to further integration of TIC training.
Results: Approximately 50% of programs responded to the survey. Of 263 respondents, 71 (27%) reported TIC training in their curriculum, but the majority devoted less than 5 hours annually to core content. The content most commonly addressed recognizing signs of trauma, most frequently using didactic formats. Overall, just over one-half of the programs reported that their curriculum met patients’ TIC needs “somewhat” (48.5%) or “a great deal” (4.6%). Lack of a champion followed by lack of time were the most commonly cited barriers to integrating TIC training.
Conclusions: Despite the acknowledged importance of effects of trauma in health care, this study identified insufficient exposure to training in the core TIC domains in family medicine residency programs, underscoring a need for greater integration of TIC training during residency.
Ectopic expression of CsMADS24, an AGAMOUS ortholog from cucumber, causes homeotic conversion of sepals into carpels in transgenic arabidopsis plants
Authors: Zhou Yong , Hu Lifang , Ge Lingli , Li Guanghua , He Peng , Jiang Lunwei , Liu Shiqiang
Published: September 2018

The floral homeotic C-function MADS gene AGAMOUS (AG) in Arabidopsis plays crucial roles in specifying stamen and carpel identities as well as determining floral meristem. However, there have been only a few studies of floral homeotic C-function genes in cucumber thus far. In the present study, CsMADS24, a putative AG ortholog from cucumber, was isolated and characterized. Sequence analysis and protein sequence alignment revealed that the deduced CsMADS24 protein contained the typical MIKC structure and the N-terminal extension, as well as two highly conserved AG motifs (I and II). Phylogenetic analysis showed that CsMADS24 fell into the clade of core eudicots, while being distant from the AG orthologs of basal eudicots, monocots and gymnosperms. Expression analysis by RT-PCR showed that CsMADS24 was exclusively expressed in female flower buds. In situ hybridization revealed that CsMADS24 expression was only detected in the carpels. Functional analyses indicated that the sepals were partly converted into carpelloid-like structures in 35S::35S::CsMADS24 transgenic plants. In addition, earlier flowering and delayed floral organ abscission during the development of siliques were also observed in transgenic Arabidopsis. Our findings demonstrate that the AG ortholog plays an exclusive role in carpel specification of cucumber, providing a basis for revealing the mechanisms of reproductive development in cucumber.
Analyzing data from memory tasks - comparison of ANOVA, logistic regression and mixed logit model
Authors: Popovic-Stijacic Milica , Mihic Ljiljana , Filipovic-Djurdjevic Dusica
Published: September 2018

We compared three statistical analyses over binary outcomes. As applying ANOVA over proportions violates at least two classical assumptions of linear models, two alternatives are described: the binary logistic regression and the mixed logit model. Firstly, we compared the effects obtained by the three methods over the same data from a previous memory research. All three methods gave similar results: the effects of the tasks and the number of sensory modalities were observed, but not their interaction. Secondly, by using the bootstrap estimates of the parameters, the efficacy of each method was explored. As predicted, the bootstrap parameter estimates of the ANOVA had large bias and standard errors, and consequently wide confidence intervals. On the other hand, the bootstrap parameter estimates of the binary logistic regression and the mixed logit models were similar ? both had low bias and standard errors and narrow confidence intervals.
Numerical investigation of the transient spray cooling process for quenching applications
Authors: Baleta Jakov , Qi Fengsheng , Zivic Marija , Lovrenic-Jugovic Martina
Published: September 2018

Water spray quenching distinguished itself as a promising method for industry production, especially for the parts which require good mechanical strength while simultaneously retaining the initial toughness. Studies have shown that the heat transfer process during the spray quenching is mostly influenced by the spray impingement density, particle velocities and sizes. The application of advanced numerical methods still plays insufficient role in the development of the production process, in spite of the fact that industry today is facing major challenges that can be met only by development of new and more efficient systems using advanced tools for product development, one of which is CFD. Taking the above stated, the object of this research is numerical simulation of spray quenching process in order to determine validity of mathematical models implemented within the commercial CFD code Fire, especially droplet evaporation/condensation and droplet-wall heat transfer model. After review of the relevant literature suitable benchmark case was selected and simulated by employing discrete droplet method for the spray treatment and Eulerian approach for the gas phase description. Simulation results indicated that existing droplet/wall heat transfer model is not able to reproduce heat transfer of dense water spray. Thus, Lagrangian spray model was improved by implementing experimental correlation for heat transfer coefficient during spray quenching. Finally, verification of the implemented model was assessed based on the conducted simulations and recommendations for further improvements were given.
Impact of temperature dependent heat source and non-linear radiative flow of third grade fluid with chemical aspects
Authors: Hayat Tasawar , Ullah Ikram , Alsaedi Ahmed , Ahmad Bashir
Published: September 2018

This communication explores the MHD flow of third grade fluid bounded by a stretching surface with homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions. Incompressible fluid is electrically conducting in the presence of constant magnetic field. Heat transfer is performed through exponential based space internal heat source, non-linear thermal radiation and convective boundary condition. Non-linear differential systems are computed by homotopic technique. Intervals of convergence through numerical data and plots are explicitly determined. The dimensionless velocity, temperature, and concentration distributions manifesting the characteristics of various influential parameters are addressed. The skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number are also addressed. Clearly temperature is enhanced by radiation, temperature ratio, and magnetic parameters.
Introducing Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale in clinical practice in Serbia: Validation and cross-cultural adaptation
Authors: Janovic Natasa , Maric Gorica , Dusanovic Marija , Janovic Aleksa , Pekmezovic Tatjana , Djuric Marija
Published: September 2018

Background/Aim. The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale is widely used in clinical practice for assessment of quality of life in patients with nasal obstruction. It has been validated in several countries up to date. The aim of this study was to validate and crossculturally adapt the NOSE scale for Serbian population. Methods. The Serbian version of the NOSE scale (NOSEs) was prepared through forward and backward translation, committee review, and pretesting. Validation process was carried out on 50 patients diagnosed with the nasal septal deviation (the study group) and 50 ear, nose and throat (ENT) patients with other non-rhinological diagnosis (the control group). Results. The NOSE-s instrument demonstrated good reliability (Cronbach ? coefficient 0.81). Stability and reliability of the NOSE-s questionnaire were confirmed by test-retest procedure showing no statistically significant difference in obtained responses (Goodman- Kruskal gamma coefficient 0.83). Item and total scores were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group indicating the very good inter-group discrimination (p < 0.001). Inter-item and item-total correlations were similar to the original NOSE instrument. Three months after septoplasty, a mean NOSE-s score in patients was 19.2 ? 12.8. Calculated standardized response mean of 1.7 showed high sensitivity to change. Conclusion. The Serbian version of the NOSE scale is simple, valid and reliable instrument for estimating the nasal obstruction. Therefore, it can be recommended for application in rhinological practice and research in Serbian speaking population.
Constructing the Fundamental Principles of Taxation through Triangulation
Authors: du Preez Hanneke
Published: September 2018

Taxation principles were applied as early as 4000 BC in Sumer. The formulation of recognized taxation principles commenced formally with Adam Smith in 1776. He called them the four maxims of taxation. The principles formulated by Smith were grounded in his observations and personal experiences of the world. After Smith, several individuals, committees, and reviews added their ideas to the principles of taxation. The question discussed in this paper is whether these principles formulated through the years are scientifically grounded. In order to ground the principles scientifically, three qualitative research methods were conducted. Method 1 is a thematic analysis of taxation history. Method 2 applies a qualitative research design called an Interactive Qualitative Analysis. Finally, Method 3 uses a single question in writing, sent to taxation experts from various countries. The question asked in Methods 2 and 3 is: What are the fundamental principles of taxation that are essential to taxation internationally as a discipline? The findings of the three research methods were triangulated in order to propose a set of six fundamental principles of taxation. The six proposed principles are: efficient and effective administration and communication; certain, neutral, understandable legislation; equity influencing different levels of society; taxpayers' duty to contribute to society versus the government's duty to strike a balance between taking too little and taking too much; benefits to the public through taxation; and change unwanted social behavior.

JEL Classifications: H2; H3.
Evaluation the Efficacy of ELISA IgG, IgM and IgA Tests for Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Mohammed Shukri Saadi Hogir , Yahya Saeed Ali
Published: September 2018

It has been well recognized throughout the world that Helicobacter pylori is the main cause of gastric ulcer and stomach carcinoma. Laboratory diagnosis of H. pylori infection is made by invasive and non-invasive methods. Invasive methods require endoscopy which is uncomfortable an unacceptable by the most patients. Therefore, non-invasive methods particularly serological tests are easier and comfortable for patients.  A total of 86 patients with ages ranging from 18-77 years old (43 males and 43 females) who were referred to the Duhok Hepatology & Gastroenterology center/Azadi Teaching Hospital for endoscopic examination from June to October, 2013 were enrolled in the study. From each patient 5 ml of blood was collected under a septic condition and sera were separated for serology. Data from each participant were recorded in a special questionnaire form after consent agreed upon on ethical and scientific committee of the Azadi hospital. The efficacy of three different ELISA tests (IgG, IgM, IgA) was assessed taking culture as a gold standard method. pylori was found in 70.93%, 30.23% and 5.81% by ELISA IgG, IgA and IgM tests respectively. The highest percentage (70.93%) of H. pylori positive cases were found by ELISA IgG and the lowest percentage (5.81%) was recorded in ELISA IgM. The study found a significant relationship between age groups and H. pylori positive cases by ELISA IgG in which positive cases increased with the increase of ages. No statistical correlation was found between the sex, smoking status and residency of studied patients with H. pylori infection. A significant correlation was found between patients without endoscopic lesions and positive cases for H. pylori by ELISA IgG in which 75.67% of patients without endoscopic lesions were positive for anti-H. pylori antibodies compared to 41.66% in patients with endoscopic lesions. The efficacy of IgG, IgM and IgA tests was calculated compared with golden standard tests and ELISA IgG characterized by the highest values of sensitivity (75.75%), negative predictive value (36.00%) and accuracy (86.00%) but with lowest specificity (45.00%) and similar positive predictive value (81.96%) with IgM and IgA. The lowest sensitivity was 5.97% and accuracy 25.56% with ELISA Ig M. From the results of the present study we can conclude that among ELISA tests, anti-H. pylori IgG is a reliable serological test for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection.