bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXTRALINGUISTIC CONTEXT ROLES IN DETERMINING MEANINGS OF JAVANESE PHATIC EXPRESSION �MBOTEN�: A SOCIOPRAGMATIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Rahardi Kunjana
Published: April 2022

The indirect expression of intention in the Javanese culture-based speech community requires the speaker and the hearer to understand the importance of contexts in communication. Failure to understand the context of interaction will definitely impede communication and interaction, or even worse it may cause misunderstanding in the communication and interaction process. In the Javanese speech community, people may say mboten or no without intending to negate or to express falsity. On the contrary, people may say inggih or yes which does not necessarily mean to affirm or to express an assertion. Therefore, it is clear that in the Javanese speech community, the extralinguistic contexts in the communication is very important and defines the purpose of utterances. Based on the research background, the research on extralinguistic contexts to determine the meaning of mboten was carried out. The objective of the research was to elaborate the extralinguistic contexts which determine the meaning of mboten. The data consists of excerpts containing Javanese phatic mboten. The technique of collecting data was recording and note-taking. Besides, interview or speaking method was employed to gather the data. The data analysis was done using the distributional and content analysis methods. This research results in five functions of extralinguistic contexts to determine the meaning of the utterance. The five functions are: (1) the extralinguistic contexts to affirm the intention of negation; (2) the extralinguistic context as the background of negation; (3) the extralinguistic contexts to confirm the meaning of negation; (4) the extralinguistic contexts to affirm the intention of negation; (5) the extralinguistic contexts to affirm the phatic function. The result of the research is very important and contributes significantly to the development of linguistics, especially the development of pragmatics embedded in culture-specific concepts.DOI: 10.24071/ijhs.2019.030103
BERTA�S FOOD STORY: THE CASE OF A SMALL SCALE GREEN BUSINESS IN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Dewi Novita , Siswanto Fransiscus Asisi Joko , Anggraini Francisca Reni
Published: April 2022

This study seeks to examine the extent to which micro small and medium scale enterprises (MSMEs) apply Environmental Ethics in their business praxis. The data sources were field observations and in-depth interviews with one catering business in Yogyakarta known for its use of local food products and zero preservatives. This qualitative narrative research aims to answer how and why this selected MSME has demonstrated environmental awareness. It further examines the implications of this praxis toward the businesss sustainability. The data analysis reveals that, first, the business owner, driven by internal motivation, uses environmentally friendly products to care for customers satisfaction and need of healthy food. Secondly, the business, however, has not adhered to such external motivation as cutting no trees for firewood. Regardless of its damage for the environment, the use of firewood reduces production cost and no prohibition for cutting trees is thus far enacted. This study concludes that more efforts should be made to cultivate ecological concerns as the core of sustainable entrepreneurial skills.DOI:10.24071/ijhs.2019.030106
SOUND ASSIMILATION IN AMANATUN DIALECT OF UAB METO
Authors: Wulandari Heidi
Published: April 2022

This study was conducted to identify and describe the kinds of assimilation in Amanatun Dialect of Uab Meto. Descriptive qualitative was used in conducting the study. The data were collected from Uab Meto native speakers speech transcription and analyzed using category identification and integration. The result of this study indicates that there are ten kinds of assimilation in Amanatun dialect of Uab Meto which are grouped into five classifiers. They are phonological assimilation and morphophonemic assimilation which are grouped into assimilation based on form; regressive assimilation and progressive assimilation which are grouped into assimilation based on direction, contact assimilation and distance assimilation which are grouped into assimilation based on distance, assimilation in word and assimilation at word boundary which are grouped into assimilation based on position, consonant assimilation and vowel-consonant assimilation which are grouped into assimilation based on inventory of sound.DOI: 10.24071/ijhs.2019.030104
TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES AND QUALITY OF THE TRANSLATION OF LEGAL TEXT ON IMMIGRATION LAW
Authors: Ginting Della Fransiska , Lubis Syahron , Mono Umar
Published: April 2022

This research aims to (1) analyze translation techniques by using Molinas Albirs theory (2002) in the text of the Immigration Law in English, (2) analyze the quality of the translation in terms of accuracy, acceptability and readability by using Nababan's theory (2012) in translating legal of the Immigration Law into English; and (3) analyze the impact of translation techniques on the quality of the translation in the text of the Immigration Law in English. This research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The source of data is the Immigration Law written in two languages, namely Indonesian as the source text (TS) and English as the target language (TL). Based on the analysis, it is found that: (1) In the translation of the Immigration Law, there are 12 translation techniques used, namely 64 (39%) literal, 36 (22%) calque, 24 (14%) established equivalent, 10 (6.2%) generalization, 9 (5.5%) borrowing, 4 (2,4%) linguistic amplification, 2 (1.2%) particularization, 5 (3.1%) transposition, 1 (0.6%) compensation, 3 (1.8%) modulation, 2 (1.2%) reduction and 1 (0.6%) adaptation. (2) The total score for the translation quality is 2,77% which is the quality of translation almost perfect. (3) The most dominant translation technique used in translating this legal text is literal technique (39%) which is the dominant technique that gives impact to translation quality.
MIGRATION AND THE MAGGARAIANS� CULTURAL IDENTITY AS REPRESENTED IN MAGGARAIAN RAP SONGS
Authors: Yuliantari Ans Prawati
Published: April 2022

One significant factor that has brought the Manggaraians into contact with many people from various cultures outside their place of origin is migration. Their awareness of the importance of preserving and retaining their cultural identity is growing once they experience intercultural interactions. Rap songs have become one of the means by which they observe migration and cultural identity closer as important phenomena in their life. The present article studies these phenomena in Manggaraian rap songs. For this purpose, the concept of rural idyll suggested by Marc Mormont is used to understand the Manggaraians perspective on their home region, and the concept of identity as defined by Stuart Hall is used to examine the way the Manggaraians construe their cultural identity. This study is focused on 30 Manggaraian rap song that feature migration and Manggaraian cultural identity as the themes of the lyrics. The study has led to the insight that the main reasons that motivate the Manggaraians to migrate are their desires to continue their education, find better livelihood, gain new experiences in foreign regions and look for better accesses and facilities that are unavailable in their home region to achieve their goals. The experience of living among people from many different cultures in foreign regions confront them with the need to maintain their cultural identity and contact with their home region. To fulfill this need they make attempts of revitalizing Manggaraian traditional values that they are familiar with throughout their growing-up years in Manggarai.
THE COURTESY CALL: STUDY ON POLITENESS OF FICTION CHARACTERS
Authors: Wijana I Dewa Putu
Published: April 2022

This research is an attempt to study politeness issues based on utturances of Osamu Dazais short story characters entitled The courtesy Call, the English translation from Japanese Shinyu Kokan by Ivan Morris. By using politeness maxim theory proposed by Leech, it is found that the antagonist often violates 6 politeness maxims which are tend to obey by the protagonist and his wife. The violation and the obedience of politeness maxims constitute a reflection of character differences intended by the writer. Utterances expressed by Fictions characters are a rich source to exploit for studying politeness for pragmatic studies as their creation are based on careful observations of the author toward the world realities.
TWO ADJACENT VOWELS IN PAGU AND THEIR ALTERNATING WORD STRESS PLACEMENT
Authors: Perangin Angin Dalan Mehuli
Published: April 2022

Some diphthongs in Pagu, rather than being pronounced as a single syllable in a normal/rapid speed of speech, can alternate to appear in two different adjacent syllables when pronounced in a slow speech. In Pagu, the speed of speech affects the words syllable number and word stress placement. The previous study suggests that word stress in Pagu is placed on the penultimate syllable. This paper will discuss word stress placement in Pagu in two different speed of speech (normal and slow) as well as two adjacent vowels as affected by the speed and their position in the word. This sheds a light on the behaviors of two adjacent vowels in the stress placement area i.e. whether they are different vowels they can alternate between a diphthong or two separate vowels in two different syllables and when they are identical they cannot be separated into two different syllables when occur in the final position.
SURVIVING TYPHOON YOLANDA (HAIYAN) IN THE LENS OF COMTEAN ALTRUISM
Authors: Bautista Dennis Moreto
Published: April 2022

Altruism for August Comte is a belief of disinterestedness and an unselfish concern for other people. It is a theory that postulates the generous side of a person even in times of difficulty and even death. The onslaught of the strongest typhoon ever recorded in history brought substantial damage to different spheres of a human life. Despair and unwillingness to live were evident. However, despite severe damage to both body and soul to almost everyone in the hardest-hit areas, the victims managed to survive, share, and assist even the minutest that they have to others. Supplies were depleted and people have nowhere to buy food and other necessary elements. This study collected narrative experiences from individuals who were caught up in the storm and its aftermath. The study utilized the philosophical and critical social type of qualitative research, which aims to provide knowledge, which involve the existing social structure. This described, evaluated, and interpreted the different personal experiences of Yolanda survivors anchored on the Comtean philosophy of altruism.
TYPES AND TRUST SYSTEMS BASED ON THE IDEOLOGY OF BUGIS COMMUNITY CULTURE ON LOCAL INTEREST VALUES IN CENNING RARA SPELLS
Authors: Muhsyanur Muhsyanur
Published: April 2022

This research analyzes the type and belief system based on the Bugis cultural ideology of the values of local wisdom in the cenning rara spells. This research is a descriptive qualitative research by having two sources of data, which are spells and responses or opinions of Bugis people about spells. This type of research data in the form of words, phrases, expressions, and statements, both from the contents of the spell and from the opinion of the Bugis community about spells. The approach used in research, namely the ethnographic approach. The work method of ethnographic approach is that the researcher is directly involved in the field or the Bugis community environment to obtain more accurate data. The data analysis technique used for the data collected is a cultural interpretation technique. The results showed that there are three types and cultural ideology contexts of the Bugis community in the cenning rara spells, namely (1) the enchanting cenning rara spells that is considered effective in capturing the hearts of the opposite sex, (2) the power cenning rara spells which is considered as a thickener, and (3 ) cenning rara spells treatment that is considered a young preservative.
UNDERLYING MASTER NARRATIVE AND COUNTER-STORIES ON SELECTED AMERICAN ONLINE NEWS
Authors: Febriyanti Irma
Published: April 2022

This paper extrapolates the contrasting discourse of master narrative and counter stories through an analysis of online news articles dealing with the marginalization of African-American students in Newark. The discourse of master narrative works to maintain the ongoing racism that limits the opportunity of African-American community in Newark educational field. The claim of equal opportunity, as is propagated by the discourse of Cami Anderson, the superintendent of Newark works to conceal the prevailing ideology of Whiteness and color-blind view that deny special privileged to the Whites. Employing Faircloughs CDA (2010) under the framework of Critical Race Theory (CRT), the study underlines micro-structures of linguistic features within the wider scope of racism in American education. This paper argues that Whiteness as ideology remains prevalent in American educational system, and one avenue to subvert this view by increasing the involvement of marginalized group in the policy making decision. The discourse of the public, as seen in Barakas narration aligns with the African-American communitys struggle for equal access to through its advocatory tone as a catalyst for social change.
AN ANALYSIS OF SPEECH FUNCTIONS ON THE BANKING AND DAILY NEED BILLBOARD TEXTS
Authors: Batubara Muhammad Hasyimsyah
Published: April 2022

This research aims at describing speech functions in banking and daily need billboard texts. The objectives are to describe the category and to derive dominantly used and explain the factors of the phenomenon of speech functions. The research method used descriptive qualitative. The data collecting procedures include applying documentary techniques from banking and daily need billboard texts (headline, subhead, slogan, and images) in public places around the city center of Medan. The findings describe the three speech functions available used banking and daily need billboard texts, the statement constitutes 15, offer 10, and command 8 from 33 billboard texts. The statement genre is used as the dominant one as it is suitable with the pattern of commercial billboard texts, where the viewer assumed only briefly saw the display of text and images of the billboard with a duration of 5-7 seconds when they were driving. There is a phenomenon, especially in the banking domain, which offers the most dominant is one used. Thus, authoritative and straightforward information in the speech function of functional grammar and the language used must be efficient, effective, and able to hypnotize readers, so that results in decisive action on the item advertised.
�WORST OF ALL POSSIBLE WORLDS�: DISENTANGLING FROM DYSTOPIAN SPACE AND DEHUMANIZATION IN ROY ARAGON�S �GANAGAN�
Authors: Tabunan Mark Louie
Published: April 2022

The war on drugs in the Philippines, despite President Dutertes rhetoric of saving the country, has killed alarming numbers of people. This article analyzes a dystopian text titled Ganagan (Fertilizer) by Roy Aragon which is about the Duterte administrations war on drugs. Deploying close reading and semiotics, it shows that the story portrays the punitive and vindictive nature of the war on drugs as a totalitarian project which resulted in dehumanization and collapse of human values. It further argues that the text suggests a possible future in which Dutertes utopian pursuit of the best of all possible worlds, which has done away with dangerous drugs, is driven less by the search for happiness than by a determined faith in justice. Lastly, the analysis focuses on the vegetable garden which Castaas, the main character, has cultivated. Launching off from Edward Sojas trialectics of spatiality and Thirdspace and conventions of dystopian fiction, the article shows that the garden is an ambivalent position, negotiation, and critique of the war on drugs. Hence, the garden, as a lived space, though imposing a desired order, could also be a site of disentanglements and resistance.
FOR FEAR OF ISLAMIC LOOKS: A REFLECTION OF DISPLACED “SELVES” WITHIN ISLAM
Authors: Nurhamidah Idha , Purwanto Sugeng
Published: April 2022

Abstract  The study discusses a triggering issue of those Indonesian Muslims who frequently feel uneasy to socialize with other Muslims with Arabic looks to neutralize Islamic brotherhood in the Indonesian context of unity in diversity. A survey was made available online for over three months to get public responses concerning the issue. Sixty-two responses were collected for further analysis. Findings of the study revealed that most of the respondents expressed fear of Arabic looks because of terrorism-related activities resulting in deep personal hate. Fears were also felt due to the image that such a group of Muslims has deteriorated the local cultures of Indonesian origins. Still, others expressed fears of those distinctive individual Muslims because of a frequent political demonstration staged by those types of Muslims against engineered issues caused by discrepancies in political views to terminate the President. The authors offer recommendations for those with such Islam phobia to learn more about the truth of Islam from distinguished clerics from recognized Muslim organizations or to read Islamic literature to create peace of mind amid the wrong mindset about Islam, and finally to put aside egocentrism in the spirit of unity in diversity, only to fight against radicalism.
IDEAS OF SCIENCE AND NATURE IN BIOGRAPHIES FOR FILIPINO CHILD READERS
Authors: Lao Christine Veloso
Published: April 2022

Many biographies for children are written to teach their readers social values and acceptable patterns of behavior.  But even when no such pedagogical aims are stated, biographies for children perform an ideological function. Since they narrate a “true story,” they direct young readers to think of the world and its people in the way these are presented in the text. The Bookmark Inc.’s Woman of Science Series comprises ten books, each narrating an episode in the life of a living Filipino woman scientist. The Series’ aim is to encourage more Filipino girls to consider careers in science. Its author, Didith T. Rodrigo, herself a scientist, completed writing the series through a grant from the Philippine government. Using an ecofeminist lens, I analyze the Series to answer the following questions: What political view point or interests  do these biographies serve?  What patterns of behavior do they motivate children to emulate? What social relationships , and relationships between the human and non-human, do they tend to reify?  I argue that the Series generally promotes anthropocentric views of science, consistent with Philippine policy pronouncements on science. However, tension points between this ideological frame and the words and practices of scientists featured in the series can be gleaned from the Series itself. I demonstrate how these tension points can lead to fruitful discussions on scientific practice informed by ecological understanding.
NASAL PREFIXES AS DENOMINAL VERB FORMERS IN JAVANESE LANGUAGE
Authors: Herawati Nanik , Putut Setiyadi Dwi Bambang
Published: April 2022

This research focuses on nasal prefixes as denominal verb formers in Javanese language. The formulation of problem can be stated as follows: (1) how is the form of denominal verbs with nasal prefixes? (2) what is the function of nasal in the forming of denominal verbs? (3) what is the meaning of nasal prefixes in denominal verbs forming? The goal of this research is to describe the function of nasal in the forming of denominal verbs in Javanese language. Research methodology includes: research strategy, location of the research, data and the source, data collection technique, data analysis technique, and the analysis of the result. There are three results, they are: (1) the form of denominal verbs with nasal prefixes in Javanese language (2) the function of nasal in the forming of denominal verbs of Javanese language (3) the meanings of nasal prefixes in the forming of denominal verbs.
INDONESIAN GRADUATE STUDENTS’ ATTRIBUTIONAL BELIEFS AND METACOGNITIVE STRATEGIES IN THE ACADEMIC READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Sulistyawati Elizabeth Emmanuela , Mbato Concilianus Laos
Published: April 2022

The field of students’ beliefs in reading comprehension has become an increasingly significant research issue in the educational context. However, there have been very few studies examining attributional beliefs and metacognitive strategies adopted by EFL graduate students to deal with comprehension skills and reading difficulties. Applying the attribution framework, this study aimed to fill in the gap by investigating students’ attributional beliefs, metacognitive reading strategies, and the correlation between attribution and metacognitive reading strategies. The researchers employed mixed-method research with questionnaires and interviews as the instruments to collect data. The results showed that the majority of students attributed their successes or failures to internal factors (efforts and strategies). Many students claimed that they often experienced reading difficulties during online learning. Lastly, the Pearson correlation showed that there was a strong correlation (r = 0.746) between attributional beliefs and metacognitive reading strategies. This study offers several implications for language learning, in particular, the academic reading comprehension. First, students need to have a higher awareness of attributional beliefs in academic reading. Second, language teachers should support students to develop internal attribution and metacognitive strategies in academic reading.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE UNNARRATABLE IN FAE MYENNE NG’S BONE
Authors: Wu Sufen
Published: April 2022

Bone, a novel written by Chinese American novelist Fae Myenne Ng, is concerned with the fictional history of a family of Chinese immigrants who live in the Chinatown of San Francisco from the 1960’s to 1990’s. In Bone, Ng not only does a good job in speaking out the difficulties and hardships the immigrants encounter on the new soil but also hides some information beneath the surface, leaving it unnarrated, like Ona’s inner activities and Mah’s adultery and the Chinese Exclusion Law. Therefore, this study, drawing on the theory of the unnarratable put forward by Warhol, aims to study the supranarratable, the antinarratable, and the paranarratable, three categories of the unnarratable, so as to discover the connection between the author’s intentions with the text and to fumble out the hidden plot within Ng’s Bone. Only when we find out the unnarrated and combine it with the narrated can we better understand the Chinese Americans’ stories and their unspeakable bone-piercing pain.
ON INVESTIGATING THE SYMBOLIC POWER OF EDUCATIONAL ENTERPRISES IN NTT PROVINCE: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Nahak Yulius , Budiraharjo Markus
Published: April 2022

From a Bourdieuan perspective, the production of knowledge in the form of empirical studies validates the symbolic power of certain groups. It is arguably proposed that the more empirical studies published in particular groups of people, the more robust the symbolic power of the respective group is. This study is set to reveal the degree of academic productivity of East Nusa Tenggara as a symbolic power owned by scholars in the area, as demonstrated by empirical studies conducted to investigate educational issues in the area. Two research questions were proposed namely: (1) what areas of inquiries did the researchers pursue; and (2) what are their major findings? Sixty-four scholarly articles related to the English learning-teaching (published from 2016 to 2021) were analyzed using document analysis methods to identify the most up-to-date research themes. The results indicated that teaching strategies and material developments are the highest numbers with 41 articles; factors that affect the English language learning were 14 articles; the teaching competencies were 4 articles, and the perception of English learning-teaching were 5 articles. The conclusion is that academic production is low, cross-validating that low symbolic power correlates to more concrete components (i.e., a high degree of poverty).
CONNECTING ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING WITH 12 BRAIN/MIND LEARNING PRINCIPLES
Authors: Correa Rodriguez Jorge
Published: April 2022

On a daily basis, teachers all over the world modify their students brain when they teach the contents that the students need to learn; this biological, cognitive and behavioral process is called learning. From a biological, cognitive and educational point of view, those modifications are totally necessary for the development of the learners. One of those so called brain-modification experiences occurs when they learn English. Then, you may wonder, how could these modifications (learning) be enhanced? In order to answer this question, this paper suggests a connection between 12 brain/mind learning principles(Caine, Caine, Klimek, McClintic, 2009) and English teaching aiming to make it more effective. The reason for this connection is that if teachers become aware of the way the brain learns, their practices may be enhanced leading to more effective teaching and learning (Geake, 2009). Thus, in order to state this connection, every principle is presented, described and followed by some general practical suggestions related to English teaching. It is necessary to mention that all the included suggestions will be simply examples; it would be then the task of the reader, the teacher or instructor, to ignite her creativity by applying the principles in her particular context to enhance her teaching practices and promote English language learning among students.DOI:https://doi.org/10.24071/ijiet.2018.020208
NURSING STUDENT�S EXPERIENCE IN CARING CHILDREN WITH DISABILITY: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Erawati Erna , Keliat Budi Anna
Published: April 2022

Caring children with intellectual disability remains a challenge for nursing students due to unprepared feeling and lack of experience. Therefore it is important for the nursing students to increase their self-awareness in caring children with intellectual disability through their clinical placement. The aims of this study are to explore the experience of the nursing students caring children with intellectual disability. A qualitative approach using a phenomenological was applied to explore the experience of the nursing students in caring children with intellectual disability. One time semi-structured interviewed were conducted. Data were collected through personal interviews about their experience and the transcripts of these interviews were subjected categorically. Data analysis identified the emerging themes as changing perception, communication challenges, and life value in caring children with intellectual disability. Findings suggest strategies to promote competencies of the nursing students in caring children with intellectual disability.DOI:https://doi.org/10.24071/ijiet.2018.020211
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CAREER GUIDANCE PROGRAM FOR PSYCHOLOGY STUDENTS
Authors: Monika Monika
Published: April 2022

Making a career decision is a complex process. Although some people make decision easily, others face difficulties in making their career decision. Therefore, identifying their difficulties in career decision-making process is an essential step to provide students needs in their career planning. According to Gati, Krausz, and Osipow (1996), the proposed taxonomy of career decision-making difficulties was developed through interaction and sequential interplay between theoretical considerations and empirical testing. Specifically, in the proposed taxonomy the difficulties are divided into three major categories. The first major category is Lack of Readiness. Then the second and the third major categories are Lack of Information and Inconsistent Information. The participants of this study were 95 psychology students divided in two groups (experimental and control groups). The aim of this study is to describe career decision-making in psychology students and to determine the difference of career decision-making difficulties in students with different semesters. The result of this study shows that The Career Guidance Program is effective for decreasing difficulties of career decision-making (lack of information, inconsistent information, and total difficulty), but less effective to decrease the lack of readiness.DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/ijiet.2018.020212
COURSE SYLLABUS: RESPONDING TO STUDENTS� NEEDS IN THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Authors: Tanjung Firima Zona
Published: April 2022

Universities are required to improve their service mainly in offering effective reading course which meets diverse issues. Reading course syllabus should be designed appropriately dealing with the students needs and the shift of current global issues. This study was carried out in the purpose of evaluating pre-existing reading course syllabus and intending the novel one. The study utilized various methods namely questionnaire, interview, and documents. The data were analyzed statistically and descriptively. It was found that students focus on the general-literary skills mastery only so they have unclear goals in the content-specific literary skills. Given that findings, backward design was employed. Skill syllabus and content-based syllabus are selected to promote students skills in their contextual learning. Integration of contextual and flexible topics, materials, and mobile apps in the course syllabus is significant to transform their learning to be more fruitful.DOI: doi.org/10.24071/ijiet.2019.030111
INTERLANGUAGE ANALYSIS OF SYNTACTIC AND DICTION ERRORS FOUND IN THESES WRITTEN BY MAGISTER STUDENTS
Authors: Handayani Rindu , Ihsan Diemroh , Mirizon Soni
Published: April 2022

Postgraduate students are expected to show more advanced writing skill than others. However, the writer observed that they still made some errors in their thesis writing. Having reread the theses written by graduate students, Linguistic Surface Category and Surface Strategy Taxonomy proposed by Dulay, Burt Krashen were utilized to analyze the data. It was found that syntactic errors (89%) such as subject-verb agreement (15.42%), tenses (15.71%), redundancy (13.14%), article (7.71%), and pluralization (6.28%) are the most frequent errors occured. While lexical errors (11%) such as wrong selection of verb (5.14%) and adjective (3.14%) also still made by graduate students. The study revealed that intralingual interference still be the cause of the blunders in writing a thesis. It is hoped that the present study could initiate university students to contemplate that self-correction and self-awareness in making errors in scholarly writing are essential. Emphasizing more assignments in academic writing can be applied by the lecturers of higher education know students ability and train students to write academically. Faculty of teacher training of education should afford students with seminars and workshop of academic writing to motivate them to write and enhance their knowledge about academic writing.DOI: doi.org/10.24071/ijiet.2019.030110
A STUDY OF INTRODUCTION TO COLLEGE ENGLISH TEACHERS� BELIEFS IN THEIR TEACHING ROLES
Authors: Subekti Adaninggar Septi
Published: April 2022

The study investigated Introduction to College Englishs teachers beliefs about their roles as teachers. The participants of the study were thirteen teachers. It used their reflection papers as the source of data and secondary data, as the reflections were not originally written for the purpose of this study. The study used thematic analysis of the secondary data and it produced four themes or categories regarding the teacher participants beliefs about their roles. First, they believed they should design various activities that promoted learning. Secondly, they needed to monitor their students' progress and conduct appropriate assessments. They also believed that they should always have alternative plans whenever their original plans were not successful, and the last, they believed that they needed to show learners their attention and care. Based on the results of the study and the limitations, some suggestions for future studies are also presented.DOI: doi.org/10.24071/ijiet.2019.030103
APPRAISAL OF INTERNET SERVICES USAGE BY SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS FOR PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN LAGOS, NIGERIA
Authors: Makinde Semiu Olawale , Bolaji Hameed Olalekan
Published: April 2022

The study investigated the impact of internet services availability, accessibility and usage on secondary school teachers professional development in Lagos, Nigeria. Before internet services can be useful, it must be available and easily accessible. The study adopted a descriptive design survey type. The researchers made instrument tagged Internet Services and Professional Development Questionnaire (ISPDQ) was used to collate data. The instrument reliability coefficient was 0.79. 200 teachers were randomly sampled out of a population of 1,009 for the study from an educational district in Lagos state, Nigeria.188 questionnaires were properly filled and returned out of 200 administered which gave a response rate of 94%. Tables, charts, and percentages were used to answer the research questions. The outcome of the study shown that the available internet services in secondary schools are inadequate. The accessibility and usage of the internet is a matter of concern. Hence, it was recommended among others that the public and private schools owners should as a matter of necessity avail teachers in the schools with internet services and sponsors them on training and retraining programmes to enhance their professional development.DOI: doi.org/10.24071/ijiet.2019.030201
FUN PIANO LESSON FOR YOUNG BEGINNERS STUDENTS IN SURABAYA INDONESIA
Authors: Yulisetiana FNU
Published: April 2022

Learning piano is not an easy thing, moreover for young beginner learners. The teacher of course not only giving materials to students but also considering the approach given to the young beginner students. The teacher is also needed to be creative, and always developing the ability in techniques and approach to children. This study tried to discuss how to make piano lessons fun. This research method uses grounded research with a focus on theoretical studies on piano learning through the views of piano experts, including Dalcroze, Suzuki, Schulwerk, and Kodaly. After that, the data is analyzed using content analysis. The results of the study showed that by exploring the viewpoint of Dalcroze, Suzuki, Schulwerk, and Kodaly piano learning, art learning must be set pleasantly by the teacher. The role of the teacher and student must also have a good relationship because, in pleasant learning, an effective correlation between learning materials, teachers, and students is needed.DOI: doi.org/10.24071/ijiet.2019.030204
A BORDERLAND DISCOURSE ANALYSIS ON ENGLISH LANGUAGE STUDENTS AND GRADUATES TEACHING BIPA
Authors: Mukti Thomas Wahyu Prabowo
Published: April 2022

Teachers identity formation and tension in their working place have been the concern of many researchers and experts. However, the concern focuses only on the novice teachers who teach in the same subject as they are assigned to be. There is no sufficient research on identity tension which is faced specifically. This paper aims to find out the identity tension experienced by English language graduates teaching BIPA (Indonesian as a Foreign Language). This study employed a case study in order to generate a new understanding of this phenomena more deeply. Interview guideline with a semi-structured type of interview became the main instrument in this study. The participants of this study were five active Indonesian as foreign language teachers of Lembaga Bahasa Universitas Sanata Dharma. The study found out that teachers situatedness* became the main issue that influences teachers identity, compared to teachers multifaceted nature and their college. This study shows that, although the participants have been teaching for more than two years, or more, they mostly considered themselves still as English teachers.DOI: 10.24071/ijiet.2020.040105
CULTURAL MANAGEMENT EDUCATION IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
Authors: Lim Benny , Ser Shaw Hong
Published: April 2022

Cultural Management could be defined as the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling material and nonmaterial culture to meet predetermined goals and objectives. Areas under the umbrella of Cultural Management include Arts Management, Museum Management, Culture Heritage and Tourism, Cultural and Creative Industries, and Design Management. Over the last two decades, there has also been a growing number of academic programmes befitting the umbrella of Cultural Management, offered at undergraduate and postgraduate levels by institutions of higher education in Southeast Asia. This paper explores the current state of Cultural Management education in Southeast Asia, and thereafter, highlights possible synergies to align with ASEANs agenda. Several qualitative research methods were adopted, including content analysis, followed by thematic analysis, participant observations, and semi-structured interviews. This paper formally documents and discusses the Cultural Management curriculum of 10 Southeast Asian nations, using three key themes - top-down, bottom-up, and a combination of both top-down and bottom-up focus. Thereafter, the paper proposes two ways in which institutions of higher education in Southeast Asia could better synergize to meet the six strategies listed in the ASEAN Strategic Plan for Culture and Arts 2016-2025.DOI: 10.24071/ijiet.2020.040102
PARENTAL EXPECTATIONS AND PRIMARY EDUCATION CURRICULUM IN NEPAL
Authors: Shah Rajendra Kumar
Published: April 2022

The major aim of the present study is to study the expectation of the parents regarding the primary education curriculum. Descriptive survey method has been adopted in the present study. Conducted through survey model, this study involves semi-structured interviews with 205 parents of the primary schools children of Ramaroshan Municipality-4, Achham, Province no. 7, Nepal. According to data were analyzed through descriptive analysis technique. Results of the present study indicate that parental expectations on the objectives of primary education are mostly in conformity with the general objectives of primary education. Accordingly, majority of them even suggested teaching moral behaviours, health habits, and other as subjects. Parents complaints there is lack of discipline in schools; low academic qualification of teachers; lack of dedication on the part of teachers; loose administration in the school; lack of supervision from the office concerned; teaching not usually done through the whole period and the school hours; ineffective teaching; too many holidays; no regular teaching in the school due to irregularity and negligence of teachers; and no emphasis on cultural and physical development of children. But a majority of the parents are unaware of interesting area of their children, interesting area of children, and reading subjecting of their children.DOI: 10.24071/ijiet.2020.040103
DISTRACTION IN LEARNING: A CASE-STUDY OF MISDEMEANOUR FACTORS AMONG VOCATIONAL STUDENTS FROM TEACHER PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Hashim Suhaizal , Masek Alias , Ismail Affero , Priyanto Sutarto Hadi
Published: April 2022

Previous studies reported that disciplinary problems that occur amongst school students from teacher perspective; while some studies reported that this problem becomes increasingly serious and widespread, but both retract students from learning. Henceforth, this survey was conducted to investigate how far the problem occurred among vocational college students especially catering students. An interview session was conducted with several catering teachers in two vocational colleges in Southern Region of Malaysia, which focuses on three types of problems namely bullying, truancy and stealing. Data were analysed using thematic analysis using deductive approach. Result indicated that these discipline problems occur among catering students is at alarming level. Peers and students background contributed to students misdemeanours. Thus, these factors can be a starting point for further mitigating the cases and more focuses should be given on students learning.Corresponding author:Alias MasekDOI: 10.24071/ijiet.2020.040205
RESEARCH-BASED LEARNING: EFFECTS ON THE METACOGNITIVE AWARENESS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Mamon Mark Anthony Catedral , Esperanza Alejandro Galban , Vital Julie Anne Tapit
Published: April 2022

This research study assessed the effects of research-based learning (RBL) on the metacognitive awareness of senior high school (SHS) students, specifically metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive regulation, and the correlation between their subcomponents. Fifty-six (56) Grade 12 students who have taken research subjects were obtained as respondents using purposive sampling. The respondents answered a 52-item metacognitive awareness inventory (MAI) with 17 items on metacognitive knowledge and 35 items on metacognitive regulation. Findings show that RBL developed a high level of conditional, procedural, and declarative knowledge among SHS students. The learning approach also developed a very high level of debugging strategies, and a high level of planning, information management system, evaluation, and comprehension monitoring. Furthermore, there is a weak or a moderately significant positive correlation between some subcomponents of metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive regulation as the effect of RBL. In conclusion, RBL has a considerable impact on the metacognitive awareness subcomponents of Grade 12 students.Corresponding author:Mark Anthony Catedral MamonDOI: 10.24071/ijiet.2020.040210
OER AWARENESS AND USAGE AMONG OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING STUDENTS IN SOUTH-WESTERN NIGERIA
Authors: Itasanmi Sunday Abidemi
Published: April 2022

This study assessed Open Educational Resources (OER) awareness level and usage among Open and Distance Learning (ODL) students in South-western Nigeria. A descriptive research design was adopted for the study. Three ODL institutions (University of Ibadan Distance Learning Centre, National Open University of Nigeria, Ibadan Study centre and University of Lagos Distance Learning Institute) were purposively selected. A structured questionnaire titled "OER awareness and usage Questionnaire" with a Cronbach alpha coefficient of .954 was used as data collection instrument. Data collected were analysed using frequency count, simple percentages, mean, standard deviation and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. Results of the study revealed that OER awareness among ODL students was on the average while OER usage was high. Lack of orientation on the availability and use of OER and insufficient ICT facilities in the school to access OER materials, amongst others were challenges ODL students faced using OER. It was, therefore, recommended that there should be conscious efforts by ODL institutions to devise means to increase the level of OER awareness among students and sensitise them on the inherent benefits in OER usage.Corresponding author:Sunday Abidemi ItasanmiDOI: 10.24071/ijiet.2020.040216
HOW DO STUDENTS BEHAVE WITHIN THE FINAL EXAMS?
Authors: Halili Halili
Published: April 2022

This study explores the attitudes and behaviors of Yogyakarta State University students within final exams as well as to analyze the factors that influence their attitudes and behaviors in taking those exams. This qualitative research employs a descriptive-analytic approach. The data are collected by observation on 740 students participating in the final exams and interviews with 20 people of them. Data gathering techniques used are observation, in-depth interview, and documentation. The result shows that the attitudes and behaviors of observed students within attending the final exams are categorized into the level of maximum-positive (65.7%), while 24.9% of them perform attitudes and behaviors that can be classified into the category of minimum-positive. On the other hand, the minority of them (8.4%) can be grouped into minimum-negative, and the rest (1%) is in the category of maximum-negative. Many factors are influencing the attitudes and behaviors of the maximum and minimum positive, namely: a) stances of preparation, b) spirituality and strong character, c) mental stand of nothing to lose'. Meanwhile, the factors influencing attitudes and behaviors of minimum and maximum negative categories are a) unpreparedness for exams, b) a sense of pseudo-collectivism and prejudice, and c) circumstance of opportunities.Corresponding author: Halili HaliliDOI: 10.24071/ijiet.2020.040208
SELECTION OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION OF STUDENTS WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES IN MALAYSIA: STUDENTS, PARENTS, AND TEACHERS` PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Ibrahim Rohaizat , Razalli Abdul Rahim , Handrianto Ciptro , Rahman M Arinal , Utami Indah Wahyu Puji
Published: April 2022

This study aims to identify the tendency of students with learning disabilities in choosing the field of their vocational education. This study also highlights the perceptions of parents and teachers towards the vocational field chosen by the students. A survey method is used in this study which involves 351 students with learning disabilities, 336 parents, and 248 teachers in the State of Selangor, Malaysia. The findings of the study indicate that there are several constructs namely, realistic, investigative, artistic, social, entrepreneurial, and conventional which determine students with learning disabilities choosing the field of vocational education. Meanwhile, several factors that influence parents' perceptions of their child's choice of vocational education field have been discussed in this study. This study illuminates the phenomena and tendency of difficulties faced by students with learning disabilities in choosing their field of vocational education. In this regards, parents and teachers have an important role in providing support to students with special needs in their learning and vocational choices.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GAMIFICATION CONCEPT INSIDE ONLINE CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES TO PROMOTE STUDENTS’ ENGAGEMENT
Authors: Jonathan Feryan Christ , Recard Michael
Published: April 2022

Online learning has made massive development nowadays. Due to the spread of Covid-19, the government made a policy to prohibit physical meetings in schools. However, this new policy caused a problem of engagement in online learning. During the lesson, students are giving slow and minimum responses to the teacher’s instruction. This happens in most of the school that operates online learning. Therefore, a solution to improve engagement in online classroom is needed. The implementation of the gamification concept is one of the great alternatives. The implementation of this concept has reaped positive results from various fields, including education. With the right application, this method can be a powerful tool to teach in online learning.