bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Below-knee endovascular interventions have better outcomes compared to open bypass for patients with critical limb ischemia
Authors: Hicks Caitlin W , Najafian Alireza , Farber Alik , Menard Matthew T , Malas Mahmoud B , Black James H , Abularrage Christopher J
Published: December 2016

Both open surgery and endovascular peripheral interventions have been shown to effectively improve outcomes in patients with peripheral artery disease, but minimal data exist comparing outcomes performed at and below the knee. The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes following infrageniculate lower extremity open bypass (LEB) versus peripheral vascular intervention (PVI) in patients with critical limb ischemia. Using data from the 2008–2014 Vascular Quality Initiative, 1-year primary patency, major amputation, and mortality were compared among all patients undergoing LEB versus PVI at or below the knee for rest pain or tissue loss. Overall, 2566 patients were included (LEB=500, PVI=2066). One-year primary patency was significantly worse following LEB (73% vs 81%; p<0.001). One-year major amputation (14% vs 12%; p=0.18) and mortality (4% vs 6%; p=0.15) were similar regardless of revascularization approach. Multivariable analysis adjusting for baseline differences between groups confirmed inferior primary patency following LEB versus PVI (HR 0.74; 95% CI, 0.60–0.90; p=0.004), but no significant differences in 1-year major amputation (HR 1.06; 95% CI, 0.80–1.40; p=0.67) or mortality (HR 0.71; 95% CI, 0.44–1.14; p=0.16). Based on these data, we conclude that endovascular revascularization is a viable treatment approach for critical limb ischemia resulting from infrageniculate arterial occlusive disease.
Vigorous Physical Activity in Youth
Authors: Sacheck Jennifer M.
Published: December 2016

This article provides commentary on the accompanying manuscript entitled “The Case for Vigorous Physical Activity in Youth” by Owens and colleagues. A major strength of the review was its aim to determine whether vigorous physical activity provides greater benefits with respect to several health outcomes among children and youth while also considering the limitations of the current evidence in terms of number of studies and study design. This commentary presents additional topics to consider, practical applications, and conclusions and recommendations that can be drawn from the current evidence. To expand “the case for vigorous physical activity in youth,” future studies should consider delineating the relative benefits of vigorous physical activity compared not only with moderate physical activity, but also with light and total activity.
Clinical correlation of anatomical location of non-thrombotic iliac vein lesion
Authors: Aurshina Afsha , Kheyson Borislav , Eisenberg Justin , Hingorani Anil , Ganelin Arkady , Ascher Enrico , Iadgarova Eleanor , Marks Natalie
Published: December 2016

Objective

Treatment of non-thrombotic iliac vein lesions is an active area of research. Intravascular ultrasound allows its localization. We chose intravascular ultrasound to clarify the exact anatomical location of non-thrombotic iliac vein lesions and correlate it with clinical findings.

Materials and methods

Over seven months, we performed ilio-femoral intravascular ultrasound studies on 217 patients, in 141 women and 76 men. The average age ± standard deviation was 68 ± 14 years. We used intravascular ultrasound intraoperatively to measure the ilio-femoral veins and compared it with adjacent non-stenotic ilio-femoral veins. If more than 50% area or diameter reduction was found, it was treated with appropriate balloon and stent.

Results

We identified 244 lesions, 124 in left lower extremity and 120 in the right lower extremity. The most common site was the proximal common iliac vein 38.7% (22.5% females and 16.12% males) in left lower extremity and middle external iliac vein 29.16% (18.33% females and 10.83% males) in right lower extremity. The least common site was the distal external iliac vein in 3.2% (all 3.2% females) and the distal external iliac vein 7.5% (5% females and 2.5% males) in right lower extremity. Clinical correlation was noted between laterality and location of the NIVL lesion ( p < 0.0001).

Conclusion

This analysis gives an insight into understanding the exact anatomical locations of the non-thrombotic iliac vein lesions helping clinicians and researchers guide their treatment and research.
Oesophageal candidiasis and squamous cell cancer in patients with gain‐of‐function STAT1 gene mutation
Authors: Koo Sara , Kejariwal Deepak , Al‐Shehri Tariq , Dhar Anjan , Lilic Desa
Published: December 2016

Background

Oesophageal candidiasis is a common, usually self‐limiting opportunistic infection, but long‐term infection with Candida is known to predispose to oral and oesophageal squamous cell cancer (SCC). Permissive factors that lead to immune deficiencies can underlie persistent or recurring candidiasis, called chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC). Secondary immune deficiencies are most often due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, antibiotic use and immunosuppressive treatment (steroids, chemotherapy). Inborn errors of the immune system (primary immune deficiencies) can present with isolated CMC known as CMC disease (CMCD), which is most often found in patients with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy syndrome type 1 (APS1)/APECED or in patients with an underlying gain‐of‐function STAT1 mutation (GOF‐STAT1).

Objective

To describe a new form of inherited/familial CMC with a high risk for developing squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus, due to a gain‐of‐function mutation in the STAT1 gene.

Methods and results

This report describes a family of patients with CMC with confirmed GOF‐STAT1 mutation. These patients usually present with CMCD in childhood, have severe oral and oesophageal candidiasis accompanied by severe difficulty swallowing, chest pain, heartburn, and are at risk of developing oral and/or oesophageal SCC. This case series describes six patients in three generations of the same family, two of whom developed and died of SCC. We recommend regular endoscopic surveillance to detect early oesophageal neoplasia in patients with CMCD as well as urgent endoscopy in symptomatic patients.

Conclusion

CMC is not a well‐recognised condition in gastroenterology practice and clinicians need to be aware of the genetics of the condition as well as the risk for oesophageal cancer so that they can counsel their patients and arrange surveillance appropriately.
The relationship between fatigability and sleep quality in people with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Aldughmi Mayis , Huisinga Jessie , Lynch Sharon G , Siengsukon Catherine F
Published: December 2016

Background

Perceived fatigue and fatigability are constructs of multiple sclerosis (MS)-related fatigue. Sleep disturbances lead to poor sleep quality, which has been found to be associated with perceived fatigue in people with MS (PwMS). However, the relationship between fatigability and sleep quality is unknown.

Objective

To explore the relationship between physical and cognitive fatigability with self-reported and objective measures of sleep quality in PwMS.

Methods

Fifty-one ambulatory PwMS participated in the study. Physical fatigability was measured by percent-change in meters walked on the six-minute walk test (6MWT) and in force exerted on a repeated maximal hand grip test. Cognitive fatigability was measured using response speed variability on the continuous performance test. Self-report sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and objective sleep quality was measured using 1 week of actigraphy.

Results

Components of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and several actigraph parameters were significantly associated with physical fatigability and cognitive fatigability. However, controlling for depression eliminated the association between the sleep outcomes and cognitive fatigability and attenuated the association between the sleep outcomes and physical fatigability.

Conclusion

Poor sleep quality is related to fatigability in MS but depression appears to mediate these relationships.
The clinical value of autopsies at a university hospital in Sweden
Authors: Rosendahl Anders , Mjörnheim Berit , Takman Christina , Eriksson Lennart C
Published: December 2016

The rate of requests for autopsies has dropped over the last four decades. In the present study we have investigated the clinical usefulness of autopsies in a university hospital for determining the cause of death and as a source of information for the relatives. The autopsy routines were sufficient to fulfil clinical needs and resulted in essential information. The next of kin were involved in the decision to perform an autopsy in half the cases. In 10% of cases the relatives requested the examination. We believe that a desired increase in autopsies performed could be reached if the relatives of the deceased were informed of their value. We further suggest that nurses be included in a team process informing the relatives of the value of autopsies and their right to share the information gained.
Indigenous Practices of Water Management for Sustainable Services
Authors: Behailu Beshah M. , Pietilä Pekka E. , Katko Tapio S.
Published: December 2016

This article explores the possibility of incorporating traditional water management experiences into modern water management. After the literature review, two case studies are presented from Borana and Konso communities in southern Ethiopia. The study was conducted through interviews, discussions, and observations. The two cases were selected due to their long existence. Both communities have their own water source types, depending on local hydrogeological conditions. Borana is known for the so-called Ella (wells) and Konso for Harta (ponds), which have been managed for more than five centuries. All government and development partners strive to achieve sustainable services in water supply and sanitation. Therefore, they design various management packages to engage the communities and keep the systems sustainable. However, the management components are often designed with little attention to local customs and traditions. The cases in the two communities show that traditional knowledge is largely ignored when replaced by modern one. However, the concepts of cost recovery, ownership experience, equity, enforcement, integrity, and unity, which are highly pronounced in modern systems, can also be found in the traditional water managements of Borana and Konso. Naturally, one shoe never fits all. Borana and Konso experiences are working for their own community. This research implies that when we plan a project or a program for a particular community, the starting point should be the indigenous practices and thoughts on life.
Robust multi-group gene set analysis with few replicates
Authors: Mishra Pashupati P. , Medlar Alan , Holm Liisa , Törönen Petri
Published: December 2016

Background

Competitive gene set analysis is a standard exploratory tool for gene expression data. Permutation-based competitive gene set analysis methods are preferable to parametric ones because the latter make strong statistical assumptions which are not always met. For permutation-based methods, we permute samples, as opposed to genes, as doing so preserves the inter-gene correlation structure. Unfortunately, up until now, sample permutation-based methods have required a minimum of six replicates per sample group.

Results

We propose a new permutation-based competitive gene set analysis method for multi-group gene expression data with as few as three replicates per group. The method is based on advanced sample permutation technique that utilizes all groups within a data set for pairwise comparisons. We present a comprehensive evaluation of different permutation techniques, using multiple data sets and contrast the performance of our method, mGSZm, with other state of the art methods. We show that mGSZm is robust, and that, despite only using less than six replicates, we are able to consistently identify a high proportion of the top ranked gene sets from the analysis of a substantially larger data set. Further, we highlight other methods where performance is highly variable and appears dependent on the underlying data set being analyzed.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate that robust gene set analysis of multi-group gene expression data is permissible with as few as three replicates. In doing so, we have extended the applicability of such approaches to resource constrained experiments where additional data generation is prohibitively difficult or expensive. An R package implementing the proposed method and supplementary materials are available from the website http://ekhidna.biocenter.helsinki.fi/downloads/pashupati/mGSZm.html.
Association between paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme activity, PON1 C(−107)T polymorphism, nutritional status, and lipid profile in children
Authors: Uliano Gabriela , Muniz Ludmila C. , Barros Carlos C. , Schneider Augusto , Valle Sandra C.
Published: December 2016

Background

Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an enzyme that possesses anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory properties with serum levels determined by genetic and exogenous factors. Lower serum PON1 arylesterase activity is associated to metabolic alterations related to childhood overweight and onset and/or development of diabetes and CVD later in life. However, data on the relationship between genetic PON1 polymorphisms and nutritional status as well as lipid profile in children are limited.

To investigate the distribution of the C(−107)T PON1 gene polymorphism and its relation with serum PON1 enzyme activity, nutritional status and lipid profile in children.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was performed including 73 children aged 5 to 7 years who attended public pediatric clinics. PON1 C(−107)T, arylesterase activity, body mass index for the age, and serum lipid profile were evaluated.

Results

PON1 activity was higher in overweight children compared to the normal weight ones (p = 0.02). The genotypic frequency did not differ between the two groups (p > 0.05). Carriers of CC genotype had higher enzyme activity than T allele carriers, and this difference was greater among normal weight children. HDL levels were higher among normal weight children carrying CC genotype, compared to those carrying the T allele (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

The PON1 C(−107)T polymorphism is associated with higher serum enzyme activity in children, as observed previously in adults. In addition, this polymorphism also shows association to higher high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels and serum PON1 arylesterase activity in the normal weight children studied.
Accounting for free-surface multiples in Marchenko imaging
Authors: Singh Satyan , Snieder Roel , van der Neut Joost , Thorbecke Jan , Slob Evert , Wapenaar Kees
Published: December 2016

Imagine placing a receiver at any location in the earth and recording the response at that location to sources on the surface. In such a world, we could place receivers around our reservoir to better image the reservoir and understand its properties. Realistically, this is not a feasible approach for understanding the subsurface. We have developed an alternative and realizable approach to obtain the response of a buried virtual receiver for sources at the surface. Our method is capable of retrieving the Green’s function for a virtual point in the subsurface to the acquisition surface. In our case, a physical receiver is not required at the subsurface point; instead, we require the reflection measurements for sources and receivers at the surface of the earth and a macromodel of the velocity (no small-scale details of the model are necessary). We can interpret the retrieved Green’s function as the response to sources at the surface for a virtual receiver in the subsurface. We obtain this Green’s function by solving the Marchenko equation, an integral equation pertinent to inverse scattering problems. Our derivation of the Marchenko equation for the Green’s function retrieval takes into account the free-surface reflections present in the reflection response (previous work considered a response without free-surface multiples). We decompose the Marchenko equation into up- and downgoing fields and solve for these fields iteratively. The retrieved Green’s function not only includes primaries and internal multiples as do previous methods, but it also includes free-surface multiples. We use these up- and downgoing fields to obtain a 2D image of our area of interest, in this case, below a synclinal structure.
Clinical observation of adverse drug reactions to non-ionic iodinated contrast media in population with underlying diseases and risk factors
Authors: Li Xue , Liu Heng , Zhao Li , Liu Junling , Cai Li , Liu Lei , Zhang Weiguo
Published: December 2016

Objective:

To determine the adverse drug reaction (ADR) profile of non-ionic iodinated contrast media in populations with underlying diseases and risk factors and to provide guidance for more safe and rational use of iodinated contrast media (ICMs) in the clinic.

Methods:

Data from 120,822 cases who underwent enhanced CT examination in our hospital from January 2014 to March 2016 were collected. A standardized case report form was used for data collection and analysis.

Results:

The incidence of ADRs was 0.4% and 0.44% in patients with and without underlying diseases, respectively (p = 0.378). Risk factor analysis revealed that patients with asthma had the highest incidence of ADRs, followed by patients with cardiac insufficiency and patients who were aged had the lowest incidence. There was a low incidence of ADRs in patients under metformin (0.36%) and β-adrenaline receptor antagonist (0.20%) medication. The incidence was the highest in patients with previous ADRs to ICMs (7.17%) and the lowest in those with a history of ICM usage but no previous reactions (0.32%). ADRs were more common in patients at high risk at a higher injection dose (≥100 ml; p < 0.01) and speed (≥5 ml s−1; p < 0.01).

Conclusion:

The incidence of ADRs was extremely low in patients regardless of underlying diseases. Some high-risk factors have certain correlations with the occurrence of ADRs. Particular attention should be given to patients at high risk when performing enhanced CT examination.

Advances in knowledge:

The correlation between various risk factors and underlying diseases and ADRs was comprehensively analyzed in a large-scale population.
Nup100 regulates Saccharomyces cerevisiae replicative life span by mediating the nuclear export of specific tRNAs
Authors: Lord Christopher L. , Ospovat Ophir , Wente Susan R.
Published: December 2016

Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), which are composed of nucleoporins (Nups) and regulate transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm, significantly impact the replicative life span (RLS) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We previously reported that deletion of the nonessential gene NUP100 increases RLS, although the molecular basis for this effect was unknown. In this study, we find that nuclear tRNA accumulation contributes to increased longevity in nup100Δ cells. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) experiments demonstrate that several specific tRNAs accumulate in the nuclei of nup100Δ mutants. Protein levels of the transcription factor Gcn4 are increased when NUP100 is deleted, and GCN4 is required for the elevated life spans of nup100Δ mutants, similar to other previously described tRNA export and ribosomal mutants. Northern blots indicate that tRNA splicing and aminoacylation are not significantly affected in nup100Δ cells, suggesting that Nup100 is largely required for nuclear export of mature, processed tRNAs. Distinct tRNAs accumulate in the nuclei of nup100Δ and msn5Δ mutants, while Los1-GFP nucleocytoplasmic shuttling is unaffected by Nup100. Thus, we conclude that Nup100 regulates tRNA export in a manner distinct from Los1 or Msn5. Together, these experiments reveal a novel Nup100 role in the tRNA life cycle that impacts the S. cerevisiae life span.
Structural and functional characterization of the TYW3/Taw3 class of SAM-dependent methyltransferases
Authors: Currie Mark A. , Brown Greg , Wong Andrew , Ohira Takayuki , Sugiyama Kei , Suzuki Tsutomu , Yakunin Alexander F. , Jia Zongchao
Published: December 2016

S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferases regulate a wide range of biological processes through the modification of proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, as well as various metabolites. TYW3/Taw3 is a SAM-dependent methyltransferase responsible for the formation of a tRNA modification known as wybutosine and its derivatives that are required for accurate decoding in protein synthesis. Here, we report the crystal structure of Taw3, a homolog of TYW3 from Sulfolobus solfataricus, which revealed a novel α/β fold. The sequence motif (S/T)xSSCxGR and invariant aspartate and histidine, conserved in TYW3/Taw3, cluster to form the catalytic center. These structural and sequence features indicate that TYW3/Taw3 proteins constitute a distinct class of SAM-dependent methyltransferases. Using site-directed mutagenesis along with in vivo complementation assays combined with mass spectrometry as well as ligand docking and cofactor binding assays, we have identified the active site of TYW3 and residues essential for cofactor binding and methyltransferase activity.
Blind testing cross-linking/mass spectrometry under the auspices of the 11th critical assessment of methods of protein structure prediction (CASP11)
Authors: Belsom Adam , Schneider Michael , Fischer Lutz , Mabrouk Mahmoud , Stahl Kolja , Brock Oliver , Rappsilber Juri
Published: December 2016

Determining the structure of a protein by any method requires various contributions from experimental and computational sides. In a recent study, high-density cross-linking/mass spectrometry (HD-CLMS) data in combination with ab initio structure prediction determined the structure of human serum albumin (HSA) domains, with an RMSD to X-ray structure of up to 2.5 Å, or 3.4 Å in the context of blood serum. This paper reports the blind test on the readiness of this technology through the help of Critical Assessment of protein Structure Prediction (CASP). We identified between 201-381 unique residue pairs at an estimated 5% FDR (at link level albeit with missing site assignment precision evaluation), for four target proteins. HD-CLMS proved reliable once crystal structures were released. However, improvements in structure prediction using cross-link data were slight. We identified two reasons for this. Spread of cross-links along the protein sequence and the tightness of the spatial constraints must be improved. However, for the selected targets even ideal contact data derived from crystal structures did not allow modellers to arrive at the observed structure. Consequently, the progress of HD-CLMS in conjunction with computational modeling methods as a structure determination method, depends on advances on both arms of this hybrid approach.
Johann Caspar Lavater in Estland. Über seinen Einfluss, einige Portraits und einige Gedanken über die Portraitkunst
Authors: Kreem Tiina-Mall
Published: December 2016

The article focuses on Johann Caspar Lavater (1741–1801), the Enlightenment-era thinker, pastor and writer, art collector and physiognomist, whose work and activities affected thinking from Zurich to America and Russia, including the Baltic countries. Of Lavater’s Estonian acquaintances, Johann Burchard VII, the Tallinn Town Council pharmacist, is the one that primarily emerges from the article. The famous Swiss maintained a correspondence with the latter for over ten years, and in 1792, gifted him a miniature portrait of himself (now in the Estonian History Museum).In addition to the miniature portrait after Johann Heinrich Lips (?), there were two graphic portraits of Lavater in Estonia that were associated with Georg Friedrich Schmoll (Tallinn City Museum, University of Tartu Library) as well as a masterful oil portrait by August Friedrich Olenhainz (Art Museum of Estonia’s Kadriorg Art Museum). The article examines all of these against the background of Lavater’s successful book of the day “Physiognomische Fragmente zur Beförderung der Menschenkenntnis und Menschenliebe” (“Physiognomic Fragments for Furthering the Knowledge and Love of Man”, 1775–1778) and in regard to Lavater’s discussions about people and the art of portraiture.An attempt is made thereby to see Enlightenment-era portrait art through the eyes of Enlightenment-era people – Lavater and his audience. While the author of the article is convinced of the impact of Lavater’s physiognomic research on the portraiture of the day (on the artists, clients, viewers) and also more indirectly on the history of art, she emphasis that, for Lavater, portrait art was primarily a tool for his physiognomic research and even if Lavater’s teachings lost their popularity after his death and were relegated to the periphery of science, Lavater should not be excluded from the history of art and culture in the Baltic countries.
Die Familie v. Liphart im Spiegel ihres Archivs im Herder-Institut Marburg
Authors: Goeze Dorothee M.
Published: December 2016

The article introduces the archive of the von Lipharts, a noble Baltic German family, stored in the document collection of the Herder Institute in Marburg (DSHI). The von Lipharts and their Raadi Manor near Tartu were of great importance to Baltic cultural history, and the archive reflects their role in the politics, economy and cultural life of Livonia, as well as the family’s subsequent status. A more in-depth presentation is made of the various materials in the archive that are related to the communications and activities of the Liphart family related to culture and art. In addition to describing the development and character of the family archive at the Herder Institute, the article also provides a survey of the historiography of the Liphart family and the latest research based on the collections in the archive.
Ein Fund in der Museumssammlung. Ein Heiliger Jakobus aus Kalkstein in der Sammlung behauener Steine des Tallinner (Revaler) Stadtmuseums
Authors: Paju Risto
Published: December 2016

The Collection of Ashlars at the Tallinn City Museum includes a sculpture that stands 52.5 cm tall and is hewn from Lasnamägi limestone (Abb. 1). It depicts a slender man in a long robe, with a staff and travel bag around his neck. The statue has been seriously damaged. In addition to the broken front, its head is also missing – all that has survived is part of its beard. The goal of the article is to more closely examine the sculpture, which has not received any attention to date, in order to determine who it depicts, where it could be been located, and examine the surviving traces of paint. The primary motivation for writing the article is the fact that very few medieval three-dimensional stone sculptures have survived in Estonia. Also, this figure has not been dealt with or even mentioned in earlier writings. It can be said that, regardless of the damage it has suffered, the sculpture is complete enough to determine who is depicted. As stated above, the man has a walking stick or staff in his right hand and, based on the surviving fragments, a book in his right hand. On the partially surviving bag, we see the image of a scallop (Abb. 2). The staff and scallop tell us that this is a figure of St James. The sculpture is gothic in style, and based thereon, it can be dated back to the 15th or early 16th century. The sculptural material – Lasnamägi limestone – arouses attention. Where was this sculpture to be placed? We cannot dismiss the fact that the figure of the saint comes from a sacral building, but there could also have been saints in residential buildings, for example, on exterior facades or somewhere indoors. In summary, one must admit that the original location of the sculpture can only be speculated upon and definite answers are not possible. However, what is certain is that this is the work of a skilled master. Regardless of the fact that Lasnamägi limestone is not the best sculptural material, the work is finely hewn and well-proportioned. The sculpture is now on display in the new Estonian National Museum building.
INFOGRAPHIC MODELING OF SOCIAL AND CONSUMER FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM OF BUILDINGS
Authors: Лебедев  , Lebedev Vladimir , Мартынова  , Martynova Natalya
Published: December 2016

Determined the level of intelligence quantity and quality of information processes used in the formation of functional systems after the construction of all structural elements of buildings.
APPLICATION OF MODELS «COMPOSITION – PROPERTY» FOR RESEARCH PROPERTIES OF MODIFIED FIBER-REINFORCED FINE-GRAINED CONCRETES
Authors: Балыков  , Balykov Artemiy , Низина  , Nizina Tatyana , Макарова  , Makarova Lyudmila
Published: December 2016

In the article results of use of experimental-statistical models "modifying additives, dispersible fibers – property" for study of physico-mechanical characteristics of modified fiber-reinforced fine-grained concretes are shown. Advantages of application of the models in this class are displayed. 7 triangular Gibbs-Roseboom’s diagrams fixed in 7 points of bearing triangle with the isolines of maximums of the investigated properties, built with the use of the program Statistica 10.0.1011, and graphic dependences of its are given.
DETERMINATION OF RATIONAL PARAMETERS OF ROTARY SURFACE TREATMENT ROTATION WHEN RESTORING LARGE PARTS
Authors: Федоренко  , Fedorenko Mikhail , Бестужева  , Bestuzheva Olga , Бондаренко  , Bondarenko Yuliya
Published: December 2016

In various industries for production of cement, lime, gypsum, ceramic products for grinding solid materials using ball tube mills. In the process of operation under load of the mill, the wear of the main bearings of the drum tube mills – axles, with the result that on the surface appear different defects. The quality and performance of cement plants are directly dependent on the accuracy of its reconstruction, repair and content validity, determining largely technical and economic effect from the use of modern technical devices. Mill work in the area of large dynamic loads, leading to loss of efficiency and as a result long downtime to repair. With a view to their reduction, currently, to restore industrial equipment used in portable machines. Optimization of processing of surfaces of rotation when restoring large parts will allow you to obtain a rational combination of the varied parameters.
MICROWAVE PROCESSING OF SURFACE-MODIFIED QUARTZ SAND AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE HARDENING AND STRENGTH OF GYPSUM-SAND COMPOSITIONS
Authors: Лаптева  , Lapteva Svetlana , Павленко  , Pavlenko Vyacheslav , Гладких  , Gladkikh Yuriy
Published: December 2016

In the present work we studied the influence of microwave(ultra high frequency) - processing the modified quartz filler in hardening of gypsum-sand mixtures and strength characteristics. Observed that microwave (ultra high frequency) - processing of surface-modified quartz filler contributes to a marked activation, which is manifested in the change of physico-chemical processes of hardening of products. This fact allows a scientifically-justified to manage these processes and to achieve a very high physical-mechanical characteristics of gypsum-sand compositions.
TECHNOLOGY TO PRODUCE IRON-CONTAINING COAGULANT OF STEEL PRODUCTION WASTES FOR TREATMENT RAINWATER
Authors: Сапронова  , Sapronova Zhanna , Свергузова  , Sverguzova Svetlana , Святченко  , Svyatchenko Anastasiya
Published: December 2016

The present article presents the research results concerning the possibilities to produce iron-containing coagulant for treatment rainwater. Steel production wastes were used to produce coagulant. A technological procedure producing coagulant and water treatment.
EFFECTS OF HIGH PRESSURE ON THE PRESS IN THE SYNTHESIS CHANGING THE PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYMER COMPOSITES BASED THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMER
Authors: Прут  , Prut Eduard , Черкашина  , Cherkashina Natalya , Матюхин  , Matyukhin Pavel
Published: December 2016

This paper presents data on the development of polymer composites by hot pressing based thermoplastic elastomers and the effect of pressure and compressing the mixture a filler matrix final physical and mechanical characteristics of the highly filled composites. The paper deals with the pressure range from 100 MPa to 1 GPa. Composite studied parameters depending on the pressure, density and were tensile strength. Studies conducted for the optimal composite composition comprising a thermoplastic elastomer, 30% and 70% of fine filler lung - dimethylpolysiloxane of silica gel. It has been shown that increasing the value of specific pressure of 200 to 800 MPa, the density of the composite is increased by 10% or more is not changed. By increasing the value of the specific pressure of 200 to 700 MPa tensile strength is increased by 5%. The paper found that with increasing pressure ranging from 700 MPa, the tensile strength does not change in tension, and the curve flattens out. From conducted research on the impact of compaction pressure on the final physical and mechanical characteristics of the highly filled composites can be argued that for the synthesis of the composite with the best features you want to use compression pressure of at least 800 MPa.
CALCULATION OF THE BENDING ELEMENTS WITH ALLOWANCE FOR THE PHYSICAL NONLINEARITY OF THE STRAIN
Authors: Шишов  , Shishov Ivan , Рязанов  , Ryazanov Maksim , Рощина  , Roshchina Svetlana , Лукин  , Lukin Mikhail
Published: December 2016

An algorithm of the reinforced binding elements calculation with allowance for the physical strain of concrete and reinforcement has been suggested. The three linear diagram of the concrete condition and the two linear of the tensile reinforcement that correspond to the recommended norms in Russia have been used. The task has been solved by the method of linear approximation. The finite difference method has been used at each approximation that allows to define the beam rigidity individually for each dot j =1,2 , dotted on the beam with some small spacing. A method of determining the deflection curve bending, the bending moment, the rigidity as well as the compression areas of the reinforcement suitable for any deformation of the concrete most tensile fabric from 0 to limiting value ε_b2 has been suggested. A solution for the continuous three-span beam has also been introduced.
INTANGIBLE ASSETS OF A REGION: ESSENCE, ROLE AND FUNCTIONS IN THE SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT OF REGIONAL COMPETITIVENESS
Authors: Щетинина  , Shchetinina Ekaterina , Кондрашов  , Kondrashov Ivan
Published: December 2016

The article discusses issues related to the formation of a competitive regional strategy, based on the combined use of three conceptual approaches: the choice of "locomotive" of the regional economy in the construction industry, territorial marketing and regional branding. The effectiveness of the integration of these approaches, stemming from the fact that the result is positioning and promotion of the region as well as regional intangible assets, to ensure and maintain its high status and attractiveness for investors, partners, tourists, skilled labour and other resources. These approaches allow the simultaneous solution of the triune strategic objectives are to meet the social, economic and marketing needs, and problems of innovation development facing the region.
THE WILLINGNESS OF THE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE THEM. V.G. SHUKHOV TO ENSURE ECONOMIC SECURITY: BASIC CRITERIA OF
Authors: Баранов  , Baranov Vladimir , Шилова  , Shilova Vera
Published: December 2016

Now the problem of ensuring economic security is a priority for the Government of the Russian Federation, federal bodies of executive power to its subjects. An effective instrument for ensuring economic security Act the executive authorities in the face of law enforcement. Their actions include a set of measures aimed primarily at minimizing threats to economic security, which, in turn, imposes special requirements to the professional readiness specialist.
PROBABILITY AND STATISTICAL APPROACH TO THE DESCRIPTION OF AERODYNAMIC INTERACTION OF COLLECTIVE OF INCIDENT PARTICLES WITH AIR
Authors: Логачев  , Logachev Ivan , Попов  , Popov Evgeniy
Published: December 2016

In the mountain industry a considerable part of technological processes are followed by loadings of bulk in various capacities and the bunker. When loading bunkers of silage type self-dumping carts the problem of knocking-out of dust from loading apertures is particularly acute especially. Work is devoted to improvement of methods of calculation of aspiration when loadings bunkers of silage type by polydisperse material. New statistical approach to the accounting of conditions of constraint on coefficient of front resistance of particles in the conditions of a free stream of the falling material is offered. When falling a free stream of material of a particle of larger fractions shade small and dust particles which aerodynamic resistance in such conditions isn´t considerable. Analytical conclusion of probability of active impact on air of the particles which are out of an aerodynamic shadow that allows to receive a technique of assessment of ezhektiruyushchy ability of a stream of particles at dust removal of bunkers of silage type has been offered. At further development of this approach a conclusion of probability of aerodynamic interaction of particles of polydisperse material is possible. The accounting of dispersion of the overloaded material will allow to calculate optimum amount of aspiration air and to reduce energy consumption of systems of aspiration.
SPECIALISTS TRAINING IN QUALITY MANAGEMENT
Authors: Степанов  , Stepanov Anatoliy , Лаптева  , Lapteva Anna
Published: December 2016

This article presents the analysis of State Educational Standards for the specialty and major "Quality Management", prepared and brought into force by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation in 2000-2015 years. The requirements for quality management specialists training, contained in these educational standards, knowledge, skills and competences required from graduates are compared with the requirements to quality specialists imposed by a modern market economy in Russia. As a result the authors suggest that instead of Bachelors of Applied Science the modern domestic companies need Engineer Quality Managers whose function is fundamentally different. According to the current educational standards the activity of a Bachelor in the company is limited to the maintenance of the quality management systems developed under ISO 9001. It is perfectly acceptable for a developed market economy where all the problems of increasing product marketability are solved within the quality management system. For emerging market economies a Bachelor degree is premature, as it is insufficient or not relevant to work only within the quality management system. Only an Engineer Manager, who for five years of study at the university has obtained knowledge relating to the different areas of company´s activity and mastered special methods and tools of quality management, can provide quality management required nowadays which is important for Russia´s emerging economy. The article also draws attention to the fact that under current conditions there is a need for state support of the quality activities and the implementation of "Concept of National Policy in the Field of Products and Services Quality", developed and published back in 2009.

For this article the authors have used their own experience in quality assurance in construction and training of quality management specialists in BSTU named after V.G. Shukhov.
THE FOLDED STRUCTURE. PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW FORMS
Authors: Храбатина  , Khrabatina Natalya , Ярмош  , Yarmosh Tatyana , Мирошниченко  , Miroshnichenko Vasilina
Published: December 2016

This article describes the function of folded structures, as well as the diversity of species, underlined studies relevant in the search for new forms that will be technically effective and economically jus-tified; it shows the growing role of aesthetic and artistic trends in contemporary design, to assess the prospects of their use in various fields of architecture and construction. Examples of Russian and foreign architects.
USE OF NON-EQUILIBRIUM THERMODYNAMICS AND THEORY OF SELF-ORGANIZATION FOR TRIBOSYSTEMS DESCRIPTION AND WEAR-RESISTANT MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Гершман Евгений , Gershman Evgeniy , Гершман Иосиф , Gershman Iosif , Миронов Александр , Mironov Aleksandr
Published: December 2016

In the paper there is presented a practical use of the non-equilibrium thermodynamics and theory of self-organization in tribology with obtaining certain results particularly at the development of new wear-resistant materials. Wear intensity decreases with the decrease of manufacturing entropy. There are shown the results of the applied investigations of non-equilibrium thermody-namics and the theory of self-organization conformably to friction. Possible states of a body of friction with equal power imparted to a body from the point of view of en-tropy are considered. There are shown practical examples of wear intensity decrease by the example of sliding electrical contacts and antifriction alloys for sliding bearings. The results of the development of antifriction aluminum alloys made simultaneously on the basis of seven-nine alloying elements are considered. Besides, in experimental alloys there were added silicon, magnesium, zinc, titanium, that allowed decreasing wear intensity by about two times and decreasing tin content in an alloy by 1.5 – 2 times.
DESIGN OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT PROCESSES BASED ON QFD METHOD
Authors: Мирошников Вячеслав , Miroshnikov Vyacheslav , Борбаць Николай , Borbats Nikolay
Published: December 2016

The creation and introduction of the efficient quality management system (QMS) is impossible without the management realization of its processes, one of key elements in which is designing. And upon that how well is a process designed will the efficiency depend both of the process itself and the whole of the system of interrelated processes a part of which it is. To in-crease the design efficiency of quality management processes the methodology of quality function defini-tion – QFD is offered for use. At the first stage of its realization in processes of quality management it is necessary to determine the demands made to the process under development. For that, in its turn, it is necessary to identify process outlets and basic users of its results. Because of the peculiarities in quality man-agement processes the demands to them should be compiled being guided mainly by corresponding regu-latory documentation regulating both processes outlets and methods of their carrying out.

The requirements revealed further with the aid of a matrix diagram are transformed into parameters subjected to the control in the course of a process ful-fillment. At the next stage for the most critical parame-ters of the process there are defined corresponding kinds of management which is also carried out on the basis of a matrix program. Finally, for the kinds of control revealed at the previous stage one selects methods and means of measurements and control which are most suitable to ensure the specified characteristics of reliability taking into account the requirements to economy and control-appropriateness.

The application of the procedure described is shown by the example of designing the input control process of paint-and-lacquer materials at an industrial enterprise.
MODELING OF GENERATING SURFACES IN FEMALE MILLING CUTTERS WITH DESIGN RADIAL INFEED FOR MACHINING SHAFTS WITH HOMAXONIC PROFILE
Authors: Разумов Михаил , Razumov Mikhail , Сидорова Марина , Sidorova Marina , Куц Вадим , Kuts Vadim , Мальнева Юлия , Malneva Yuliya
Published: December 2016

The paper reports the solution of the urgent problem on technological solutions searches ensuring the shaping of profile keyless joints. The investigation was carried out with the use of the methodology of a structural-parametric synthesis of metalcutting systems which allowed compiling mathematical and geometrical models of a female milling cutter generating surface with a design radial feed for the shaping of profile keyless joints. On the basis of this there was carried out the analysis of cutting procedures chosen which has shown that the procedure with a coaxial location of a milling cutter regarding a shaft is most promising from the point of view of cost price and machining accuracy.

The research results may be used at the devel-opment of design-engineering documentation at the preparation of profile shafts production to ensure product characteristics specified.
POTENTIALITIES IN ADDITIVE-SUBTRACTIVE-STRENGTHENING TECHNIQUES
Authors: Федонин Олег , Fedonin Oleg , Соловьёв Д. , Solovev D. , Федонина Светлана , Fedonina Svetlana , Жирков Александр , Zhirkov Aleksandr , Киричек Андрей , Kirichek Andrey , Хандожко Александр , Khandozhko Aleksandr
Published: December 2016

The accurate shape obtaining is the most significant, but far from being the only problem which is solved at parts produc-tion. Not less important are also such properties as elasticity, plasticity, strength and durability and so on. It is well-known that high-temperature influence upon billet material which follows any of known processes of additive processing ad-versely affects the above-mentioned properties. The most significant task of additive techniques is ensuring material qua-litative structure and high operating properties in a part manufactured at multiple increase of productivity. The purpose of theoretical and practical researches carried out consists in the development of the technology in which to the processes of additive and subtractive treatment there is added a process of hardening with shock wave deformation that allows structuring, strengthening, compacting the material of a layer grown forming compressive stresses instead of tensile residual stresses of thermal origin. The growth of a part is carried out by means of arc deposition with wire materi-al. Such an approach ensures productivity by an order higher, but has such drawbacks as defects of structure, considerable porosity and low accuracy in comparison with powder additive techniques. The drawbacks mentioned are compensated by strengthening and machining in the course of product manufacturing. The research methods - a comparative analysis of the structure of iron-carbon material manufactured with the use of additive-subtractive techniques and additive-subtractive strengthening techniques. Results and conclusions. In strengthened material, in contrast to non-strengthened one there are no practically hidden cavities. The dimensions of phase elements of ferrite and pearlite in material manufactured according to the technology with strengthening decrease by more than five times. Hardness of material grown with strengthening exceeds more than twice hardness of material manufactured without strengthening.