bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Theological Perspective on Interreligious Tolerance in North Sulawesi, Where the Role of Pastors in Maintaining the Authenticity of Biblical Values
Authors: Saliareng Riandli
Published: January 2025

This article explores the theological perspective on interreligious tolerance in North Sulawesi, focusing on the role of pastors in maintaining the authenticity of biblical values amidst the challenges of religious pluralism. The research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method, utilizing in-depth interviews and direct observation of pastors from the GPdI (Gereja Pantekosta di Indonesia) denomination. The collected data is analyzed thematically to examine the dynamics of pastors’ roles in safeguarding the integrity of Christian doctrine while adapting to a pluralistic social context. The findings reveal that pastors play a dual role as both citizens of the nation and citizens of heaven. They are required to act as wise social mediators, balancing the demands of interreligious tolerance with their commitment to upholding Christian principles. Love as the foundation of theology is shown to be a key guide in the practice of tolerance, despite the risks of doctrinal compromise if tolerance is excessively applied. Pastors in North Sulawesi function not only as educators but also as role models in social life, demonstrating how Christian faith can coexist harmoniously with other religions without losing its doctrinal integrity.
This article provides insights that healthy tolerance requires a deep understanding of theology, inclusive leadership strategies, and efforts to maintain a balance between social harmony and the purity of faith.
Implementasi Teologi Manajemen Pada Pembangunan Dan Pengembangan Gereja Berbasis Eklesiologi Ramah Lingkungan
Authors: Manuahe Yani Mick. R
Published: January 2025

This article explores the application of management theology in the building and development of churches based on eco-friendly ecclesiology. The Church has a strategic role as a community of faith in facing the challenges of the global environmental crisis. By combining theological principles, resource management, and ecological responsibility, the church can be a driving force for change toward environmental sustainability. This approach includes environmentally friendly church building design, the use of energy-saving technology, waste management, and the integration of environmental education programs for congregations. This research uses qualitative methods through literature review and observation of church practices. The results show that the implementation of management theology is not only spiritually relevant, but also makes a real contribution to the preservation of ecosystems, making the church a role model for communities that support the sustainability of nature. Thus, the church is expected to be able to combine the values of faith and concrete actions in maintaining the integrity of God's creation
Kontribusi pemuda dalam pelayanan di gereja GMIM NAZARETH BULOH
Authors: Sipera Stepania
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan menganalisis kontribusi pemuda dalam pelayanan di Gereja GMIM Nazareth Buloh. Pemuda merupakan bagian integral dari jemaat yang berperan aktif dalam berbagai aktivitas gerejawi. Studi ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, dimana data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemuda terlibat secara signifikan dalam berbagai pelayanan, seperti kebaktian, kegiatan sosial, pendidikan agama, dan pengembangan komunitas. Keterlibatan ini tidak hanya memperkaya kehidupan spiritual mereka, tetapi juga memberikan dampak positif terhadap dinamika dan pertumbuhan gereja. Kendala yang dihadapi antara lain kurangnya pelatihan khusus dan dukungan dari generasi yang lebih tua. Rekomendasi yang diajukan mencakup peningkatan program pelatihan bagi pemuda dan penguatan kerjasama antar generasi dalam gereja. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya peran pemuda dalam pelayanan gereja dan mengusulkan strategi untuk meningkatkan kontribusi mereka di masa depan.
IMPLEMENTASI MODERASI BERAGAMA DALAM PRAKTIK ANTI KEKERASAN DI GEREJA MASEHI ADVENT HARI KETUJUH JEMAAT TATELI
Authors: Satria Mahardhika
Published: January 2025

Artikel ini mengkaji implementasi moderasi beragama dalam praktik anti kekerasan di Gereja Masehi Advent Hari Ketujuh Jemaat Tateli. Moderasi beragama, yang menekankan keseimbangan, toleransi, dan penghormatan terhadap keberagaman, merupakan prinsip penting dalam mencegah kekerasan dan membangun harmoni di komunitas keagamaan. Gereja Advent Jemaat Tateli, melalui pendekatan teologis dan kegiatan berbasis komunitas seperti khotbah, Sekolah Sabat dan dorongan pimpinan, berupaya menanamkan nilai-nilai kasih, perdamaian, dan toleransi dalam kehidupan jemaat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan analisis dokumen untuk mengeksplorasi peran gereja sebagai agen transformasi sosial yang aktif dalam mempromosikan kehidupan tanpa kekerasan.  Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa program-program seperti diskusi kelompok, pendalaman Alkitab, dan kegiatan misi menjadi sarana efektif dalam membangun kesadaran akan pentingnya menyelesaikan konflik secara damai dan hidup dalam kerukunan. Selain itu, partisipasi aktif jemaat dalam pelayanan kepada masyarakat juga membantu memperkuat relasi antarkomunitas dan mempromosikan moderasi beragama di lingkungan sekitar. Artikel ini menegaskan bahwa implementasi nilai-nilai moderasi beragama di gereja bukan hanya berkontribusi pada pembentukan karakter jemaat, tetapi juga memberikan dampak positif bagi keharmonisan sosial secara lebih luas.
From Chalkboards to Chatbots: Revolutionizing Education with AI-Driven Learning Innovations
Authors: Putri Dinda Febrianti , Sain Zohaib Hassan
Published: January 2025

Education is undergoing a major paradigm shift with the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) as a driver for transforming teaching methods. This research explores the role of AI in transforming education, particularly in the transition from traditional methods such as whiteboards to more interactive learning systems based on AI chatbots. Using a qualitative approach, this research collects data through interviews with educators, students, and educational observers and analysis of related literature. The findings show that applying AI increases student engagement and creates a more personalized, flexible, and adaptive learning experience. One significant result is that AI allows students to learn at their own pace and style, while teachers can focus more on developing an in-depth curriculum. This research provides new insights into the potential of AI to improve the quality of learning and expand access to education in the digital era while inspiring the adoption of technology in various educational contexts.
Les défis de la restauration des films iraniens : contrôle gouvernemental et contournement de la censure
Authors: ASLANI SHAHRESTANI Gita
Published: January 2025

L’archivage et la restauration des films iraniens présentent des défis complexes en raison de la censure exercée par le gouvernement, motivée par des critères idéologiques et politiques. Celui-ci cherche à contrôler la sélection des œuvres à restaurer en recourant à différentes formes de censure, tant directes qu’indirectes. Malgré les méthodes diverses qu’il utilise, les personnes impliquées dans la restauration trouvent des stratégies variées pour contourner ces restrictions et sauver les films en les numérisant puis en les restaurant. Grâce à ces efforts, la redécouverte et la restauration de certains films réalisés avant 1979 ont également ouvert la voie à une réflexion nouvelle sur l’histoire du cinéma iranien, souvent marquée par des lacunes, notamment en ce qui concerne le cinéma d’auteur iranien.
Organisational Culture Transformation at Bengkulu Company: 2024 Trends in Improving Employee Engagement
Authors: Saputri Vettyca Diana , Susena Karona Cahya , Tarigan Heskyel Pranata
Published: January 2025

This research highlights the importance of organisational culture transformation in companies in Bengkulu in the face of 2024 management challenges and trends. An adaptive and effective organisational culture is the foundation for an inclusive and productive work environment. This article focuses on several important trends, such as work flexibility, employee mental and physical well-being, and the application of diversity and inclusion (DEI) principles. Cultural transformation is not only a response to external changes, but also a strategy to increase employee engagement, i.e. a sense of involvement and ownership of the company. By creating a supportive work environment, companies in Bengkulu can increase employee loyalty and minimise turnover. In addition, an organisational culture that is aligned with new trends is predicted to make it easier for companies to attract the best talent amidst the increasingly fierce labour market competition.This article also proposes some concrete strategies that can be implemented by companies in Bengkulu, such as implementing hybrid working models, improving wellness programmes, and ensuring that diversity policies are consistent. These recommendations are expected to help companies transform more sustainably. With the adoption of the right strategies, this cultural transformation will be an important factor in improving employee engagement while ensuring business continuity in an era of dynamic change
ASSOCIATION OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION WITH RISK FACTORS IN KHAIRPUR CITY, PAKISTAN
Authors: Paras Soomro  , Aqsa Irshad  , Sameena Akhtar Khaskheli  , Maria Sardar  , Amjad Ali Mughal  , Partab Rai
Published: January 2025

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of mortality from cardiovascular diseases, accounting for over 75% of such deaths globally, predominantly in developing countries.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the primary risk factors for initial ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction in Khairpur City to inform targeted interventions.
Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted, including 153 matched pairs based on age (within a 5-year range) and sex. Participants were evaluated for various potential risk factors, including lifestyle habits, biochemical profiles, and familial health history, to identify those significantly associated with AMI.
Results: Factors significantly associated with an increased risk of AMI included smoking (OR=3.75 for <5 cigarettes/day; OR=2.90 for >5 cigarettes/day), elevated plasma glucose (>126 mg/dL, OR=2.65), high waist-to-hip ratio (>0.94, OR=2.30), family history of coronary artery disease (OR=2.10), high LDL-cholesterol levels (100-120 mg/dL, OR=1.95; >120 mg/dL, OR=1.90), and hypertension (OR=2.00). Diabetes mellitus also significantly correlated with AMI risk (OR=1.60). Conversely, alcohol consumption displayed a protective effect, particularly at a frequency of 3–7 days per week (OR=0.65).
Conclusion: The common risk factors for AMI in Khairpur City, such as smoking, type 2 diabetes, and central obesity, align with global trends. Effective public health policies targeting these risk factors could substantially reduce the AMI burden.
Distribusi Temporal Aves dan Kualitas Perairan di Daerah Persawahan Jempong Barat, Kota Mataram
Authors: Muhamad Zulhariadi  , Riri Septia Hariyani  , Baiq Nita Diniati  , Ihdal Husnayain
Published: January 2025

Rice field areas that are the habitat of several types of water birds that make up the ecosystem continue to decline in several urban areas including Mataram City. Therefore, it is important to conduct routine observations every year on the diversity of birds that inhabit the rice field areas of Mataram City and its surroundings. This study aims to calculate the temporal distribution of birds in the Jempong Barat Rice Field Area, Mataram City along with its environmental parameters. This type of research is descriptive explorative with a roaming method to observe birds and measure environmental parameters of water quality in rice fields. The results of the study showed that there were 7 species of rice field birds and 3 of them were aquatic birds (wetland). The time most often found birds was in the morning. The Bird Diversity Index is in the medium category (H '= 1.68) and the quality of rice field waters generally meets water quality standards.
FOOD WASTE REDUCTION AND PROVISION: THE CURRENT SPECTRUM OF SOLUTIONS - A REVIEW
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, KIT - Kalaignarkarunanidhi Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, India, R. BAVYAA , S. RAJA MOHAMED ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, KIT - Kalaignarkarunanidhi Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, India
Published: January 2025

Food waste is a constantly rising global issue, with one-third of food produced globally going to waste every year. This waste contributes to food insecurity, environmental damage, and economic losses, while hunger persists, especially in developing nations. Recent reports, including India's low ranking in the 2023 Global Hunger Index, highlight the urgency of addressing food waste and improving food redistribution. Various technological solutions such as the Internet of Things (IoT), big data, blockchain, grassroots initiatives, and policy frameworks have been proposed to reduce food waste. However, challenges related to cost, scalability, and coordination between stakeholders persist. This review explores these solutions, identifies their limitations, and presents a comprehensive strategy for improving food waste management. Flow diagrams illustrating the food waste process and possible interventions are also included.
Usage of Trapezoid RX Wire guided Retrieval Basket with the Alliance™ II Inflation Handle for Treatment of Bouveret Syndrome: A Rare Clinical Entity
Authors: Ghoname Mahmod , Abosheaishaa Hazem , Sethi Arshia , Abbas Sharif , Hegab Sherif , Soliman Moataz Yousry
Published: January 2025

Bouveret Syndrome is an infrequent manifestation of gallstone disease causing gastric outlet obstruction. This syndrome has diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its rarity and non-specific clinical presentation. Here, we present a case report involving a 78-year-old female patient who experienced gastric outlet blockage due to the presence of a sizable gallstone. A novel technique was applied wherein a trapezoid RX wire-guided retrieval basket (Boston Scientific) was utilized with Esophagogastroduodenoscopy to remove the stone without the need for surgical intervention. Post-procedure monitoring demonstrated a smooth recovery with immediate relief of symptoms. Imaging confirmed the absence of residual gallstones or obstruction.
Arrangement of Agrarian Reform as A Basis For Providing Legal Certainty For the Community
Authors: Prakoso Bhim , Hariyani Iswi , Wahjuni Edi , Wisnuwardhani Diah Aju
Published: January 2025

The existence of government policies that have been issued regarding the implementation of the agrarian reform program but still give rise to imbalances in the structure of control, ownership, use, and utilization of land. Until now, it seems as if the implementation of the agrarian reform program is running in place, even though in order to make the agrarian reform a success, the government has tried to create regulations that are used as a legal basis so that the agrarian reform can run according to its objectives. This study aims to examine the legal certainty of agrarian reform asset management policies. This study is a normative study that uses a statutory regulatory approach and a conceptual approach. The statutory approach is a study of legal products. The results of the study show that 1). The nature of the arrangement of Agrarian Reform assets that are certain: Agrarian reform fundamentally provides programs that can resolve the problem of rural community poverty, increase welfare with national food independence, increase land productivity, provide recognition of land rights owned both privately, state, and public land whose use is to meet the interests of the community. 2). Implementation of land redistribution in Agrarian Reform: There are three forms of agrarian reform, namely asset legalization, land redistribution and social forestry. Model of equitable agrarian reform: Agrarian reform or equitable agrarian renewal is something that is complex and multidimensional which is a major program of the Indonesian state in realizing the welfare of the Indonesian people, especially in terms of increasing access for poor farmers to land control in Indonesia, but implementing equitable agrarian reform is not an easy thing, there are many obstacles, both in terms of legal aspects, land administration, social, political, cultural, and security.
Keywords: Asset Management Policy, Agrarian Reform, Legal Certainty for the Community
Green Finance and Accounting: Accounting and Reporting of Environmentally Friendly Financial Products
Authors: - Mehmet Ali YÜZBAŞIOĞLU
Published: January 2025

This paper delves deeply into the critical intersection of green finance and accounting, focusing on the intricate mechanisms for effective accounting and reporting of environmentally friendly financial products. As the pressing issues of climate change and environmental degradation continue to present significant global challenges, financial institutions are increasingly acknowledging the urgent necessity of integrating sustainability into their everyday practices. The study highlights the noteworthy emergence of green finance in direct response to these persistent issues, detailing various innovative financial products that have been specifically tailored to support a wide range of environmental initiatives, such as green bonds, sustainable investment funds, and eco-friendly loans designed to promote ecological sustainability. Additionally, it closely examines the essential accounting standards and comprehensive reporting frameworks that are crucial for ensuring transparency and accountability for these impactful products, including the vital roles played by regulatory bodies and international guidelines that govern these practices. By meticulously analyzing a variety of case studies and identifying best practices in the sector, this research aims to offer valuable insights into how effective accounting and thorough reporting can significantly enhance the credibility of green financial products, thereby stimulating greater investment in sustainability initiatives. Ultimately, this could lead to the promotion of a more sustainable and resilient economy capable of addressing the challenges of the future.
PERSPEKTIF MAHASISWA FMIPA UNIMED TENTANG WAWASAN NUSANTARA UNTUK MEMBANGUN RASA NASIONALISME
Authors: Rama Fahri  , Maghfirahtun Zahira  , Rindi Prameswari  , Dinda Amanda  , Elviana Br Barus  , Oksari Anastasya Sihaloho
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi perspektif mahasiswa FMIPA UNIMED tentang Wawasan Nusantara dan bagaimana konsep ini berperan dalam membangun rasa nasionalisme. Wawasan Nusantara, sebagai pandangan geopolitik dan geostrategis bangsa Indonesia yang berlandaskan Pancasila dan UUD 1945, menjadi instrumen penting dalam menjaga keutuhan NKRI dan memperkuat identitas nasional di tengah ancaman globalisasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif, yang memberikan gambaran mendalam tentang pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap Wawasan Nusantara serta tantangan yang dihadapi dalam penerapannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa FMIPA UNIMED memahami pentingnya Wawasan Nusantara dalam membangun nasionalisme, meskipun terdapat tantangan dalam penerapan konsep ini di kalangan generasi muda. Pendidikan yang inovatif dan pemanfaatan media digital diusulkan sebagai solusi untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan penerapan nilai-nilai nasionalisme. Kesimpulannya, Wawasan Nusantara menjadi kunci dalam memperkuat persatuan dan kesatuan bangsa Indonesia serta membangun nasionalisme yang kokoh di kalangan generasi muda.
El asesoramiento y defensa legal de las Administraciones Públicas
Authors: Padrós Reig Carlos
Published: January 2025

En un mundo jurídico de inabarcable complejidad, el poder público necesita del asesoramiento técnico-jurídico para el desarrollo de sus tareas. Desde los Consejos Reales de la monarquía absoluta hasta hoy día, es una constante histórica la existencia de órganos de asesoramiento y capacidad técnica. España cuenta con un Consejo de Estado desde hace prácticamente cinco siglos y se constata como cada momento histórico ha presentado una distinta

institucionalización de sus funciones hasta llegar a la Constitución de 1978 que lo define como «Supremo órgano consultivo del Gobierno».

El libro explora las variantes tanto de su evolución a lo largo del tiempo y en distintos ordenamientos europeos. Francia cuenta con un Consejo con

funciones jurisdiccionales, cosa que no sucede en España que adoptó un modelo judicialista más parecido al alemán, con fugaces excepciones.

Todo ello permite indagar qué es hoy el Consejo de Estado, no a través de la definición dogmática de su naturaleza sino analizando el ejercicio de sus

funciones consultivas y su increíble capacidad de adaptación y supervivencia.

¿Qué hace hoy el Consejo de Estado?; ¿Cómo se traslada el modelo al Estado autonómico fuertemente descentralizado?; ¿Cómo mejorar el enorme

potencial de autoridad técnica de la institución?; ¿Qué relación existe entre la función consultiva y la defensa legal en juicio?, son algunas de las cuestiones

que se exponen en el texto.
Naruszenie obowiązku zawieszenia koncentracji (gun jumping) w praktyce decyzyjnej Komisji Europejskiej i orzecznictwie unijnym
Authors: Mariak Aleksandra
Published: January 2025

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie zagadnienia gun jumpingu w aktualnej praktyce decyzyjnej KE i orzecznictwie unijnym. W pierwszej kolejności nakreślony został ogólny zarys prawnokonkurencyjnych obowiązków ciążących na uczestnikach koncentracji w okresie poprzedzającym wydanie decyzji o zgodności koncentracji z rynkiem wewnętrznym. Następnie zaprezentowano omówienie dorobku decyzyjnego KE i orzecznictwa sądów unijnych dotyczącego gun jumpingu. Na tej podstawie prezentowane są wnioski, co do zakresu obowiązku powstrzymania się z dokonaniem koncentracji przed uzyskaniem zgody oraz aktualnej praktyki karania gun jumpingu przez KE. W zakończeniu artykułu wskazano też na możliwe rozwiązania zwiększające pewność prawną przedsiębiorstw w zakresie gun jumpingu.
Dowody ekonomiczne w ocenie koncentracji na przykładzie przejęcia kontroli nad EDF Polska S.A. przez PGE Polska Grupa Energetyczna S.A.
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski: Wydział Prawa i Administracji, Hydzik Władysław
Published: January 2025

Artykuł porusza problematykę oceny skutków ekonomicznych koncentracji pionowej, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem możliwości ograniczenia dostępu do czynnika produkcji. Do analizy wybrano przykład koncentracji w sektorze elektroenergetycznym – przejęcie przez Polską Grupę Energetyczną PGE aktywów EDF. Poruszona problematyka dotyczy przede wszystkim dowodów ekonomicznych, jakie wskazywały na możliwość ograniczenia dostępu do hurtowego rynku energii elektrycznej po koncentracji GK PGE i EDF oraz wskazania aspektów niewyjaśnionych zgodnie z Wytycznymi w sprawie oceny niehoryzontalnych połączeń przedsiębiorstw na mocy rozporządzenia Rady w sprawie kontroli koncentracji przedsiębiorstw.
Czy nadchodzą zmiany w podejściu organów ochrony konkurencji do rabatów warunkowych stosowanych przez podmioty posiadające pozycję dominującą? Wyrok TSUE z 6 września 2017 r. w sprawie C-413/14P Intel Corp. Inc. przeciwko Komisji
Authors:   Katedra Prawa Gospodarczego Publicznego na Wydziale Prawa Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku, Kaczyńska-Kochaniec Teresa
Published: January 2025

Niniejszy artykuł stanowi zwięzłe przedstawienie głównych problemów prawnokonkurencyjnych związanych z postępowaniem wszczętym przez Komisję Europejską przeciwko spółce Intel Corpotation Inc., światowemu liderowi na rynku procesorów. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest omówienie dotychczasowego przebiegu postępowania w sprawie Intel/Komisja Europejska w kontekście stosowania rabatów warunkowych, w tym w szczególności rabatów o charakterze lojalnościowym, przez podmioty posiadające pozycję dominującą. W ramach niniejszego artykułu poczyniona została również próba oceny wyroku TSUE w przedmiotowej sprawie, ze wskazaniem pozytywnych i negatywnych – w ocenie autorki – aspektów tego rozstrzygnięcia.
Koncentracje podzielone lub kroczące w unijnym systemie kontroli koncentracji przedsiębiorstw
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski: Wydział Prawa i Administracji, Bielecki Adrian
Published: January 2025

Artykuł zawiera krytyczną analizę regulacji i praktyki stosowania przepisów dotyczących koncentracji podzielonych lub kroczących w unijnym systemie kontroli koncentracji przedsiębiorstw, tj. szeregu transakcji traktowanych dla celów analizy obowiązku zgłoszenia jako jedna koncentracja. Szczególnej uwadze poddano m.in. problematykę zakresu podmiotowego koncentracji podzielonych czy transakcji następczych. Autor wskazał również postulaty zmian regulacji dotyczących omawianej instytucji.
Prewencyjny nadzór nad koncentracjami przedsiębiorców a wybrane operacje gospodarcze związane z funduszami inwestycyjnymi
Authors: Aziewicz Dariusz
Published: January 2025

Artykuł porusza kwestię nadzoru nad koncentracjami przedsiębiorców na rynku funduszy inwestycyjnych, w świetle polskiego prawa ochrony konkurencji. Autor koncentruje się na podstawach zgłoszenia zamiarów koncentracji, wskazując za jakie formy koncentracji należy uznać przykładowe operacje gospodarcze, których uczestnikami są fundusze inwestycyjne.
Mechanizmy mocowe – definicja, klasyfikacja i przyszłość rynku dwutowarowego w Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Pizoń Grzegorz
Published: January 2025

Celem artykułu jest próba określenia granic pojęcia „mechanizmu mocowego”, przedstawienie klasyfikacji mechanizmów występujących w państwach członkowskich UE oraz udzielenia odpowiedzi na pytanie o przyszłość rynku dwutowarowego w świetle najnowszych kierunków rozwoju prawodawstwa. Dodatkowym celem jest weryfikacja tezy dotyczącej możliwości świadczenia usług obejmujących udostępnianie mocy dyspozycyjnej na warunkach niepowiązanych z udzielaniem pomocy publicznej.
Ochrona uzasadnionych oczekiwań a dostosowanie mechanizmów mocowych do rozporządzenia w sprawie wewnętrznego rynku energii elektrycznej
Authors:   Katedra Prawa Europejskiego, Wydział Prawa i Administracji Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Maśnicki Jędrzej
Published: January 2025

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie argumentacji na rzecz zastosowania zasady ochrony uzasadnionych oczekiwań do pierwszych kontraktów mocowych zawartych przed wejściem w życie rozporządzenia w sprawie wewnętrznego rynku energii elektrycznej. Ochrona uzasadnionych oczekiwań jest jedną z zasad ogólnych prawa Unii Europejskiej – znajduje zastosowanie zawsze wówczas, gdy zaangażowane są działania instytucji unijnych lub państw członkowskich wykonujących prawo UE. Decyzja Komisji Europejskiej akceptująca polski rynek mocy (sygn. SA.46100) stanowi źródło uzasadnionych oczekiwań co do tego, że pierwsze aukcje na moc zostaną zorganizowane zgodnie z obecnie obowiązującymi zasadami funkcjonowania polskiego rynku mocy. Decyzja ta, jest bowiem źródłem zapewnień wydanych przez instytucję Unii Europejskiej, została wydana w ramach odpowiednej procedury i wzbudza uzasadnione oczekiwania u potencjalnych beneficjentów polskiego rynku mocy. Proces decyzyjny w ramach rozporządzenia w sprawie wewnętrznego rynku energii elektrycznej powinien zatem uwzględnić ochronę uzasadnionych oczekiwań w ramach przepisów przejściowych zapewniających ochronę kontraktom mocowym zawartym przed dniem wejścia w życie rozporządzenia oraz odpowiedniego okresu przejściowego dla dostosowania istniejących jednostek wytwórczych do nowych zasad stosowania mechanizmów mocowych.
Koncesja jako instrument realizacji polityki energetycznej w świetle wyroku Sądu Najwyższego z 21 kwietnia 2016 r., III SK 28/15
Authors:   Kolegium Prawa Akademii Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie, Faszcza Jakub
Published: January 2025

W niniejszej glosie autor w świetle orzeczenia SN sygn. III SK 28/15 podejmuję próbę przedstawienia koncesji jako instrumentu realizacji polityki energetycznej państwa. W tym celu najpierw przedstawiono odpowiedzi na pytanie – jaki wpływ ma działalność Prezesa URE na politykę energetyczną państwa. Następnie, krótko zreferowano najważniejsze wnioski z orzeczenia Sądu Najwyższego sygn. III SK 28/15, umożliwiające analizę wybranych warunków koncesji na obrót gazem ziemnym z zagranicą oraz na obrót paliwami gazowymi. Jednocześnie, przeprowadzono analizę wybranych postanowień koncesyjnych stanowiących przejaw działania przez Prezesa URE, mającego na celu realizację polityki energetycznej państwa. Ostatecznie, podjęto próbę oceny zasadności istnienia takiego rozwiązania w praktyce.
The Limitless Zawiya and the Infinite Library. Rethinking the Epistemology of Contemporary Sufism and Digital Islamic Thought
Authors: De Diego González Antonio
Published: January 2025

Contemporary Sufism has not been untouched by the digital revolution. Tradition and modernity intersect in the spiritual and esoteric practices of thousands of Muslims in an increasingly globalized world. This convergence has significantly transformed the epistemological and social foundations of these practices and those who engage in them. This paper examines the digital revolution’s impact on one of the most popular branches of globalized Sufism, the tariqa Tijaniyya, from 2000 to 2020, exploring how it has shaped doctrinal, social, and spiritual discourse in contemporary Sufism. The primary goal is to analyze the epistemological dynamics of digital Sufism in relation to traditional models and to assess how these changes influence its spiritual and intellectual practices. This study will employ an interdisciplinary methodology that combines physical and digital collaborative ethnography, symbolic hermeneutics, and philosophy of religion. The ontological turn in anthropology is a key consideration in the ethnographies presented in these texts and their subsequent analysis. The paper concludes that the tariqa Tijaniyya has not been isolated from the profound social transformations of the digital age. In response, it has adapted and redefined its traditional epistemic categories, presenting new challenges for senior scholars of the tariqa. Two emerging concepts—the limitless zawiya and the infinite library—represent the latest challenges to this traditional and esoteric practice, awaiting further exploration. The originality of this research lies in its potential to serve as a foundation for studies in other Islamic contexts, as well as for other religious or intellectual expressions with epistemic models grounded in the primacy of ritual, esotericism, and tradition.
A Universal Story: Conversations with Richard Potts About Human Evolution Heritage
Authors: Marinetti Camila
Published: January 2025

This article derives from the conversation I had with Richard Potts in June 2023 about his work at the Human Origins Program of the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History (Washington D. C.). Dr. Potts is one of the most renowned paleoanthropologists for his research about early humans in Africa and the curation of the exhibit “What does it mean to be human?” at the NMNH. My primary objective was to explore his role in advancing our understanding of humanity’s evolutionary heritage within the broader discourse on world heritage. The interview, conducted in Dr. Potts’s office on June 9, 2023, was recorded and published with his informed consent. His insights shed light on various aspects of artifact acquisition, preservation, and interpretive guidance—key elements in the ongoing social and academic debates surrounding heritage. This includes a perspective rooted in the field of public archaeology that views its practice as a reflexive form of action, intended to raise awareness and foster interconnection between society and archaeological work. From this standpoint, museums serve as fundamental hubs in heritage creation, shaping aesthetic, ethnographic, archaeological, and historical perspectives in alignment with historical agendas, preservation ideologies, conflicting memories, and particular values regarding exhibition, design, and display. They highlight the complex interactions between classification and preservation, the identity narratives they encompass, the scientific and political agendas that shape them, the international networks supporting them, and the communities they cultivate through Potts’ vision.
Valence and salience encoding in the central amygdala
Authors: Kong Mi-Seon , Ancell Ethan , Witten Daniela M , Zweifel Larry S
Published: January 2025

The central amygdala (CeA) has emerged as an important brain region for regulating both negative (fear and anxiety) and positive (reward) affective behaviors. The CeA has been proposed to encode affective information in the form of valence (whether the stimulus is good or bad) or salience (how significant is the stimulus), but the extent to which these two types of stimulus representation occur in the CeA is not known. Here, we used single cell calcium imaging in mice during appetitive and aversive conditioning and found that majority of CeA neurons (~65%) encode the valence of the unconditioned stimulus (US) with a smaller subset of cells (~15%) encoding the salience of the US. Valence and salience encoding of the conditioned stimulus (CS) was also observed, albeit to a lesser extent. These findings show that the CeA is a site of convergence for encoding oppositely valenced US information.
Saúde mental: a universidade desafiada a agir para garantir a permanência estudantil num contexto de adoecimento
Authors: Silva Flávia Alves da , Fonseca Simone Farias , Barroso Eloisa Pereira , Martins Luana Chaves , Farias Daniela Gomes de , Ribeiro Raquel da Silva
Published: January 2025

A permanência no universo acadêmico é problematizada tendo em vista o cenário de agravos à saúde mental. Analisa-se a ação desenvolvida pela Universidade de Brasília, em atenção à saúde mental dos estudantes participantes dos programas da assistência estudantil, no sentido de compreender sua efetividade no âmbito da permanência destes na Universidade. Para além do repasse de renda, o auxílio tem como objetivo minimizar os impactos agravados pela pandemia, na formação dos estudantes. Para tanto, a estratégia metodológica baseia-se em levantamento bibliográfico e documental, análise de cruzada de dados disponíveis nos sistemas acadêmicos e administrativos da Universidade. Os resultados da análise acadêmica, apontaram que houve uma melhora significativa no rendimento destes. Atentar para as questões que envolvem a dimensão da saúde, em especial da saúde mental, é fundamental à medida que se reconhece que objetividade, dada pelas condições materiais, e subjetividade, estão inter-relacionadas.
Produtividade e peso de mil sementes em função de inoculação e coinoculação em cultivares de soja (Glycine max L.) cultivadas em terras baixas
Authors: Fabião Moisés Botelho , Heidrich Marina , Batista Victor Renan Krusser , Silva José Antônio Gonzalez da , Spinelli Victor Mouzinho , Magano Deivid Araújo , Pinto Luciana Barros , Panozzo Luís Eduardo
Published: January 2025

A cultura da soja (Glycine max L.) tem se destacado no mercado mundial, com aumento na produtividade e crescente demanda por nitrogênio. Nesse contexto, a Fixação Biológica de Nitrogênio (FBN), através da inoculação e coinoculação das sementes com bactérias simbióticas, tem sido uma das principais ferramentas exploradas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o peso de mil sementes (PMS) e a produtividade média em resposta a diferentes doses de inoculação e coinoculação com Bradyrhizobium e Azospirillum em cultivares de soja cultivadas em terras baixas. O experimento foi conduzido no Centro Agropecuário da Palma (UFPel), na safra de 2022/23, com delineamento em faixas e quatro repetições. As cultivares utilizadas foram BMX Valente, BMX Zeus, BMX Cromo, BMX Fibra e TMG 7362, semeadas em 18 de novembro de 2022. Após a colheita, foram avaliados o PMS e a produtividade (kg.ha-1) das cultivares. A cultivar TMG 7362 e BMX Valente se destacaram com PMS médios de 180 g, sendo BMX Valente a que apresentou maior produtividade média (6222,7 kg.ha-1). Quanto às doses de inoculação e coinoculação, o tratamento com seis doses de Bradyrhizobium e duas doses de Azospirillum obteve as melhores respostas em PMS e produtividade média das cultivares. Esses resultados indicam a importância da escolha de doses adequadas para maximizar a produtividade e o desempenho das cultivares de soja em terras baixas.
Classroom Stewardship Demeanor and Teacher Productivity in Public Elementary Schools
Authors: Penanueva Le P. , Baguio Josephine B.
Published: January 2025

The study aimed to investigate the level of classroom stewardship demeanor and teacher’s productivity of public elementary schools in Governor Generoso District, Division of Davao Oriental. This study used the non-experimental quantitative research design utilizing correlational method. The respondents of this study were composed of 133 teachers in public elementary school using the universal sampling. The data analysis utilized the mean, pearson r and regression analysis. The findings disclosed that the classroom stewardship demeanor of teachers in public elementary schools in terms of relationship, decision-making, instructional guidance, control domain and conflict were high and oftentimes manifested. Moreover, the teacher’s productivity in public elementary schools in terms of commitment, integrity, compassion and responsibility were very high and always manifested. It was found out that there was a significant relationship between classroom stewardship demeanor and teacher productivity in public elementary schools. It revealed further, that the domains of classroom stewardship demeanor were significantly influence teacher’s productivity in public elementary schools. Based on the findings, the public-school teachers may conduct trainings and programs for classroom stewardship demeanor of teachers for organizational development maximizing individual student success. A teacher’s productivity may closely link to how well they manage their classroom and inspire students to participate actively and responsibly.
Optimizing Flue-cured Virginia (FCV) Tobacco Productivity Through Soil Inversion and Innovative Potassium Management Strategies
Authors: Meghana K. , Bindu J. Poorna , Reddy D. Damodar , Madhav M. Sheshu , Rani I. Usha , Sreenivasulu K. N.
Published: January 2025

Aims: To study the effect of soil inversion along with potassium management strategies on the growth, productivity and potassium use efficiency of FCV tobacco growing on light textured Alfisols
Study Design:  Split Plot Design.
Place and Duration of Study: A field experiment was conducted at ICAR – Central Tobacco Research Institute, Research Farm, Jeelugumilli during rabi 2022-23.
Methodology: The experiment was laid out in split plot design with two soil inversion practices in main plots viz., M1, soil inversion with MB (Mould Board) plough to a depth of 25 cm and M2, without soil inversion and seven sub plot treatments viz., S1, without potassium, S2, 100% recommended dose of potassium (RDK) through sulphate of potash (SOP) treatments; S3, 75% RDK through SOP; S4, 100% RDK through SOP + Tobacco stalk biochar (TS Biochar) treatment [1:1] ; S5, 75% RDK through SOP + TS Biochar [1:1]; S6, 100% RDK through SOP + Barn wood Ashes (BWA) treatment [1:1]; S7, 75% RDK through SOP + BWA treatment [1:1], with each treatment being replicated thrice.
Results: Results revealed that soil inversion has significantly influenced the yield attributes, yield, nutrient uptake and potassium use efficiency. Among the potassium supply strategies, the superior green leaf yield (10,625 kg ha-1), cured leaf yield (1695 kg ha-1); N, P, K uptake; potassium use efficiency and agronomic use efficiency were observed in the treatment S4, 100% K through SOP + TS Biochar (1:1) treatment [S4] than that of no K treatment. Moreover all, the quality parameters like nicotine (%), reducing sugars (%) and chloride (%) are in acceptable ranges in all the treatment plots.
Conclusion: Under scarce potassium sulphate situation, soil inversion with MB plough and TS Biochar/ BWA can act as potassium supplements.
Effect of Rice Husk Mulching on Growth and Yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Budhirani Laikangbam , Devi Kshetrimayum Manishwari , Singh Longjam Ramkanta , Thoudam Olivia , Maibam Donna
Published: January 2025

During the Rabi season of 2022–2023, a field experiment entitled "Effect of rice husk mulching on growth and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)" was conducted at the Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyay Institute of Agricultural Sciences, located at Utlou, Bishnupur District, Manipur, in an attempt to ascertain the effects of mulching on seedling emergence and the effects of varying degrees of rice husk mulching on chickpea yield.  There are 12 treatments i.e., T1 – Control (no rice husk mulch), T2– 10 q /ha, T3– 15 q /ha, T4– 20 q/ha, T5– 25 q/ha, T6– 30 q/ha, T7–35 q/ha, T8– 40 q/ha, T9 – 45 q/ha, T10 – 50 q/ha, T11 with 55 q/ha and T12 with 60 q/ha of rice husk mulching replicated thrice in a Randomized Block Design (RBD). The result shows that mulching with 60 q/ha of rice husk i.e., treatment T12 had significant effect on crop’s germination percentage. Additionally, the results indicate that the treatment T12 – 60 q/ha of rice husk mulching had significantly highest growth and grain yield (17.10 q/ha) as compared to other treatments. Thus, from the experiment it can be concluded that the application of rice husk (60 q/ha) mulching is more favorable for attaining sustainable higher profits and productivity in the cultivation of chickpea during Rabi season of Manipur.
Effects of Insecticides on Soil Arthropods in the Rice Crop Ecosystem
Authors: Dhapola Priyanka , Pandey Ajay Kumar
Published: January 2025

It is known that soil fauna performs a critical role in the biological turnover and nutrient release from plant residue. The presence of pollutants in the soil leads to disruptions that cause both qualitative and quantitative changes in the fauna, ultimately impacting soil functioning. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of different insecticides on non-target soil arthropods, with a focus on collembolan populations, which made up 42.57% of the total recorded soil arthropods in the rice cropping ecosystem. All insecticide treatments led to significant reductions in collembolan numbers, with the combinations of Fipronil 15% + Imidacloprid 5% SC and Fipronil 15% + Indoxacarb 5 % SC causing the most substantial decreases in the total population mean of 2.71 and 2.75, respectively. In contrast, Chlorantraniliprole 20% SC had the least effect in the total population mean 4.06, indicating a potentially lower risk to non-target species. According to these results the potential adverse impacts of insecticides on soil health, emphasizing the need of careful selection of pest management strategies to preserve soil biodiversity and maintain ecological balance.
Nutritious Raw Soumbala Seasoning: An Alternative for Its Valorization and Acceptability
Authors: Tankoano Abel , Kaboré Kabakdé , Coulibaly-Diakité Mariam , SOMDA Namwin Siourimè , Somé Kerbou Isabelle , Rouamba Amadou , Kaboré Donatien , Savadogo Aly , Sawadaogo-Lingani Hagrétou
Published: January 2025

A healthy diet is essential for the prevention of certain diseases. Therefore, it is essential to test the formulation of unprocessed or minimally processed foods. The aim of this study was to formulate a soumbala-based food with high nutritional and nutraceutical potential. Despite its recognised nutritional and nutraceutical importance, the consumption of raw soumbala remains difficult due to certain physico-chemical parameters. Therefore, six spices commonly used by the local population were combined. Standard methods were used to evaluate the physicochemical and biochemical properties of the formulations. The sensory analysis was carried out by a panel of people aged at least 15 years who usually eat soumbala. The experiment produced 17 formulations using Minitab 18 software. The analysis showed that the protein content was (19.23 - 33.30% DM); lipids (19.51 - 27.99% DM); carbohydrates (35.95 - 86.66% DM) and the pH was between 6.37 and 6.88, i.e. slightly acidic. Sensory analysis showed that formulations F06, F05, F10, F13 and F17 were the most popular. In order to increase the value of soumbala, it would be worthwhile to popularise and promote the consumption of these foods.
New Generation PGRs Used in Fruit Production
Authors: Nikunj Parakhiya , Ausari Praveen Kumar , Solanki Pravina P.
Published: January 2025

Plant hormones are small molecules derived from various metabolic pathways, which are present at a very low concentration and act either locally, at or near the site of synthesis, or in distant tissues. Plant hormone includes the new generation PGRs like brassinoids, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, polyamines, triacontanol, 1-MCP and prohexadione – Ca. Scientist often refers to five classical plant hormones; which were identified in the early to mid 20th century. The activities of new class PGRs depend on their concentration and environmental factors affecting their absorption and plant’s physiological state. PGRs have the ability to effect to effect cell division, cell structure, cell expansion, cell function and mediate environmental stress even at low concentrations. Direct application of roots, leaf, flowers, buds and shoots has been shown to enhance resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. Products of PGRs are generally employed throughout viticulture, floriculture, agriculture and horticulture to increase crop yield in sub-optimal soil and harsh environmental conditions. New class of plant hormones which play important roles in various physiological processes including seed development and germination, flower sex expression, fruit development, improvement of quality and quality of produce and resistance to various biotic and abiotic stresses.
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Authors: . .
Published: January 2025

In this work, we present an original formula that proposes the unification of quantum, gravitational, and
electromagnetic fields in a four-dimensional spacetime, considering the complex interactions among these
fundamental forces. The formula integrates concepts from general relativity, electromagnetism, quantum
mechanics, and scalar fields to provide a comprehensive description of the fundamental laws of physics. The
equation is derived from a relativistic action incorporating various contributions, such as spacetime curvature,
quantum fields, and matter-energy interactions. This model may open new perspectives in the quest for a unified theory of fundamental forces, being applicable to the observation and simulation of both cosmic and microscopic phenomena
Post-Editing Efficiency And Quality Assessment: A Comparative Analysis Of Google Translate And DeepL
Authors: Deng Mingjun , Fan Xianming
Published: January 2025

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) has revolutionized the translation industry by improving fluency,
grammatical accuracy, and contextual understanding. However, its impact on post-editing efficiency and
translation quality for domain-specific texts remains underexplored. This study compares the translation
performance of Google Translate and DeepL, focusing on medical and legal texts. Using a simulated
experimental setup, the study evaluates translation outputs based on editing time, automated metrics (BLEU,
TER), and error analysis. The findings reveal that DeepL consistently outperforms Google Translate, requiring
less editing time (M = 12.3 minutes), achieving higher BLEU scores (M = 80.3), and generating fewer lexical
and syntactic errors. These results highlight DeepL’s suitability for domain-specific workflows requiring
precision and accuracy. The study emphasizes the importance of selecting the right NMT tools to enhance
productivity and translation quality in professional contexts. Future research should explore real-world applications, include additional NMT tools, and address cultural and linguistic nuances to broaden the understanding of NMT performance.
Role Of Scenario Planning In Managing Uncertainty In The Global Market
Authors: . .
Published: January 2025

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