bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temperature Distribution and Equipment Layout in a Deep Chamber: A Case Study of a Coal Mine Substation
Authors: Hu Kaiwen , Zheng Jian , Wu Hai , Jia Qian
Published: March 2022

With the gradual depletion of shallow resources, the process of resource exploitation is being transferred to greater depths. The temperature of the surrounding rock increases gradually in the process of deep mining, and the temperature of the underground substation chambers often exceeds the normal working temperature in summer. In this paper, the equipment layout and ventilation conditions of the deep substation chamber of the Jiangxi Qujiang Mining Company were selected as the research subjects, and numerical simulation software was used to study the temperature distribution within the chamber under different conditions by changing the combinations of the wind velocity and air temperature of the inlet air of the chamber. The study showed that, under the conditions of the current equipment layout and air door size, the equipment temperature was prone to being too high in the summer. Therefore, the layout of the equipment was optimized based on the simulation results. The transformer equipment was changed from the original serial mode to the juxtaposed mode, and the size of the air door was increased, which effectively reduced the disturbance of the air flow and the length of the air flow path in the chamber. This meant that the high temperature area of the chamber was at the end of the chamber, which efficiently reduced the area of the high temperature zone and ensured that the equipment was in a lower temperature environment. This method can be used as a reference for temperature distribution, layout, and temperature control measures within buildings.
Amino Acids Reduce Mild Steel Corrosion in Used Cooking Oils
Authors: Bruun Nina , Lehmusto Juho , Tesfaye Fiseha , Hemming Jarl , Hupa Leena
Published: March 2022

In this study, we tested several amino acids as eco-friendly inhibitors against corrosion of mild steel by used cooking oils (UCOs). The corrosion inhibition was studied by immersing mild steel rods in the UCOs and reference fresh rapeseed and olive oils mixed with amino acids. The immersion tests were conducted at room temperature for three days. The roles of water and bio-oil preservatives (formic and propionic acids) in the corrosion were explored. The mild steel surface morphology changes after exposure to the oils were analyzed with a scanning electron microscope coupled with an energy dispersive spectroscope (SEM-EDS). The concentration of iron dissolved in the oils was determined with a spectrophotometer. A thick layer was analyzed on the surfaces of the mild steel rods immersed in the oils containing formic or propionic acid and water. This layer provided a minor barrier against corrosion. According to the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) analytical results, the layer consisted of an acid and iron salt mixture. All the tested amino acids decreased the concentration of dissolved iron in the UCOs; particularly, cationic amino acids, L-lycine and L-arginine showed adequate corrosion inhibition properties at low concentrations.
LNG vs. MDO in Marine Fuel Emissions Tracking
Authors: Livaniou Styliani , Chatzistelios Georgios , Lyridis Dimitrios V. , Bellos Evangelos
Published: March 2022

The continuous increase in global maritime freight transport has led to an increase in emissions. The port of Heraklion was selected as a case study to investigate the environmental impact of shipping in wider areas. Two different maritime fuels were examined: the conventional maritime fuel, marine diesel oil (MDO), and an alternative maritime fuel, liquified natural gas (LNG). To carry out this study, real data from the port of Heraklion, the Lloyd’s Register Fairplay (LRF) Sea-Web database, and literature reviews were used. The bottom-up method was adopted for data processing. The results of this study demonstrate that alternative maritime fuels, such as LNG, could drastically reduce SO2, NOx, PM, and CO2 emissions.
Effects of Black Liquor Shocks on the Stability of Activated Sludge Treatment of Kraft Pulp Mill Effluent: Morphological Alteration in Daphnia magna and Mutagenicity and Genotoxicity Response in Salmonella typhimurium
Authors: Chamorro Soledad , Hernández Laura , Saéz Katia , Gómez Gloria , Vidal Gladys
Published: March 2022

The objective of this study is to evaluate the stability of activated sludge (AS) in the treatment of kraft pulp mill effluent exposed to black liquor shock, as well as the effect of its exposure on the morphology of Daphnia magna and DNA damage through mutagenicity and genotoxicity response in Salmonella typhimurium. To this end, we applied doses of 2-, 4-, 10-, and 30-mL black liquor/L influent—shock 1 (S1), shock 2 (S2), shock 3 (S3), and shock 4 (S4), respectively—to kraft pulp mill effluent. The system stability was checked by analyzing heterotrophic biomass activity and discharge quality, evaluated using Ames test and Daphnia magna. The results show that the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency for normal conditions was 64.84%, falling to 61.68%, and 61.31% for S1 and S2, respectively, and values of 52.11% for S3 and 20.34% for S4. The biomass activity decreased after each shock was applied, but then recovered. There was no evidence of lethal toxicity (LC50) to Daphnia magna at any of the concentrations. Therefore, it is feasible to apply doses S1 and S2 to an AS system that treats kraft pulp mill effluent.
Spatial Solutions and Their Impacts When Reshuffling Coastal Management Priorities in Small Islands with Limited Diversification Opportunities
Authors: André Laure , Van Wynsberge Simon , Chinain Mireille , Gatti Clémence , Liao Vetea , Andréfouët Serge
Published: March 2022

In small islands, the potential for new coastal activities and management options are often spatially limited. To reduce dependence on external factors and increase the resilience of populations to global changes and fluctuations in international markets, a recommended pathway is to diversify activities. We used a systematic prioritization tool with single and multiobjective zoning to explore the feasibility of scenarios at various levels of spatial diversification in the Gambier lagoon (French Polynesia), where black pearl culture is economically and spatially dominant. Local managers are committed to economic, livelihood, and environmental sustainability and agree that prioritizing both artisanal fisheries, which provide local food security, and ecosystem conservation should also be considered. Diversification options included the optimized reallocation of farming concessions and the identification of different types of conservation areas while taking into account traditional management areas. The scenarios were set to minimize surface areas and loss of access to existing fishing grounds. The solutions were compared between the scenarios with different cost metrics, allowing further discussions with stakeholders and managers. The Gambier case study shows that exploring diversification options in small islands using systematic prioritization tools can provide local managers with tailor-made plans adapted to island development questions.
Synchronized Two-Camera Laser Monitor for Studying Combusting Powder Systems
Authors: Li Lin , Gubarev Fedor , Mostovshchikov Andrei
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we offer a laboratory facility for in situ visualization of the combustion of ultrafine metal powders, which combines laser initiation and simultaneous high-speed recording of images of the flame of a burning material and a surface covered by a flame. Visualization of the surface through the flame is realized using a laser monitor—an optical projection system with brightness amplification. The proposed imaging system makes it possible to get more detailed information about the combustion process, in particular, to study the change in the surface through the flame in the area of laser initiation, and the propagation of heating and combustion waves over the sample, as well as to study the change in the surface reflectance during combustion. To study the area of laser initiation, it is proposed to simultaneously record images of a laser monitor with two cameras. The symmetry of the combustion wave front propagation and the combustion products’ formation during laser initiation of the nanoAl + Fe3O4 thermite mixture was demonstrated. The nature of propagation in the form of a ring is a consequence of the symmetry of the properties of the system under study, at the micro and macro levels.
Improving Classification Performance of Fully Connected Layers by Fuzzy Clustering in Transformed Feature Space
Authors: Kalaycı Tolga Ahmet , Asan Umut
Published: March 2022

Fully connected (FC) layers are used in almost all neural network architectures ranging from multilayer perceptrons to deep neural networks. FC layers allow any kind of symmetric/asymmetric interaction between features without making any assumption about the structure of the data. However, success of convolutional and recursive layers and findings of many studies have proven that the intrinsic structure of a dataset holds a great potential to improve the success of a classification problem. Leveraging clustering to explore and exploit this intrinsic structure in classification problems has been the subject of various studies. In this paper, we propose a new training pipeline for fully connected layers which enables them to make more accurate classification predictions. The proposed method aims to reflect the clustering patterns in the original feature space of the training dataset to the transformed feature space created by the FC layer. In this way, we intend to enhance the representation ability of the extracted features and accordingly increase the classification accuracy. The Fuzzy C-Means algorithm is employed in this study as the clustering tool. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, 11 experiments were conducted on 9 benchmark UCI datasets. Empirical results show that the proposed method works well in practice and gives higher classification accuracies compared to a regular FC layer in most datasets.
Fourth Hankel Determinant Problem Based on Certain Analytic Functions
Authors: Tang Huo , Arif Muhammad , Haq Mirajul , Khan Nazar , Khan Mustaqeem , Ahmad Khurshid , Khan Bilal
Published: March 2022

In recent years, the Hankel determinant bounds for different subclasses of analytic, starlike and symmetric starlike functions have been discussed and studied by the many well-known authors. In this paper, we first consider a new subclass of analytic function and then we derive the fourth Hankel determinant bound for this class.
A Complex Matrix Private Key to Enhance the Security Level of Image Cryptography
Authors: Abu-Faraj Mua’ad , Al-Hyari Abeer , Alqadi Ziad
Published: March 2022

Standard methods used in the encryption and decryption process are implemented to protect confidential data. These methods require many arithmetic and logical operations that negatively affect the performance of the encryption process. In addition, they use private keys of a specific length, in addition to the fixed length of the data block used in encryption, which may provide the possibility of penetration of these methods, thus decreasing the level of security. In this research paper, a new method of digital image cryptography is introduced. This method is based on using a color image as an image_key to generate a sophisticated matrix private key (MPK) that cannot be hacked. The proposed method uses an initial state to set the required parameters, with secret information needed to generate the private key. The data-block size is variable, and the complicity of the MPK depends on the number of selected rounds and the data-block size. The proposed method is appropriate for publication in Symmetry because it employs a symmetrical complex matrix key to encrypt and decrypt digital images. The proposed method is simple yet very efficient in terms of throughput and scalability. The experiments show that the proposed method meets the quality requirements and can speed up the encryption–decryption process compared with standard methods, including DES, 3DES, AES, and Blowfish.
Mapping Long-Term Natural Orbits about Titania, a Satellite of Uranus
Authors: Xavier Jadilene , Prado Antônio Bertachini , Winter Silvia Giuliatti , Amarante Andre
Published: March 2022

Close polar and circular orbits are of great interest for the exploration of natural satellites. There are still no studies in the literature investigating orbits around Titania, the largest satellite of Uranus. In this work, we present results of a set of numerical simulations carried out to obtain long-duration orbits for a probe around Titania. Through an expansion of the gravitational potential up to second order, the asymmetry of the gravitational field due to Titania’s coefficient C22, the zonal coefficient J2, and the gravitational perturbation of Uranus is considered. The analysis of lifetime sensitivity due to possible errors in the values of J2 and C22 is investigated using multiple regression models. Simulations were performed for different eccentricity values, and lifetime maps were constructed. The results show that low-altitude and near-circular orbits have longer lifetimes due to the balance between the disturbance of Uranus and the gravitational coefficients of Titania. The results also show that non-zero values of the longitude of periapsis (ω) and longitude of the ascending node (Ω) are essential to increase the lifetime up to eight times compared to cases where ω=Ω=0∘. We also show that an orbit with eccentricity 10−3 is the most affected by errors in the values of J2 and C22.
Open Support of Hypergraphs under Addition
Authors: Wu Shufei , Wang Mengyuan
Published: March 2022

For a vertex v in a graph G, the open support of v under addition is the sum of degrees of all its neighbors. The open support of G under addition is the sum of open supports of all its vertices. The results for open support of graphs are deeply dependent on the structure property of the graph considered, such as its symmetry. In this paper, we generalize the concept of open support to hypergraphs. We give some examples and prove a general formula for open support of hypergraphs by using the adjacency and incidence matrices method.
Bi-Matrix Games with General Intuitionistic Fuzzy Payoffs and Application in Corporate Environmental Behavior
Authors: Li Shuying , Tu Guoping
Published: March 2022

Uncertainty is common in miscellaneous decision-making problems, including bi-matrix games. The uncertainty of bi-matrix games is caused by the complexity of the game environment and the limitations of players’ cognition rather than the asymmetry of information. Therefore, it is hard for players to precisely give their crisp payoff values. In this paper, a new method considering the acceptance degree that the general intuitionistic fuzzy constraints may be violated is developed to solve general intuitionistic fuzzy bi-matrix games (GIFBMGs). In the method, a new asymmetric general intuitionistic fuzzy number (GIFN) and its cut sets are firstly defined. Then, the order relationship of GIFNs and the definitions of α and β-bi-matrix games are proposed. Afterwards, the constructed general intuitionistic fuzzy quadratic program is converted into an interval bi-objective program on the basis of the order relationship of GIFNs. Furthermore, the interval bi-objective program is converted into a multi-objective quadratic program based on the combination of interval order relationship and the player’s acceptance degree. A goal programming approach is put forward to solve the multi-objective quadratic program. Finally, the validity of the proposed method is verified with a numerical example for corporate environmental behavior (CEB), and some comparative analyses are conducted to show the superiority of the proposed method.
A Method of Calculation of Non-Homogeneous, Rotationally Symmetric Circular Plates, Supported on Piles
Authors: Chalecki Marek , Nagirniak Mykola
Published: March 2022

The paper presents a method of calculation of rotationally symmetric circular plates, supported on piles and having a stiffness changing in the radial direction. The method is based on the superposition rule, i.e., an initial plate supported on piles is treated as a combination of two plates clamped on a middle post with a small diameter, wherein the first plate is loaded such as the initial one and the second plate is loaded by forces occurring as reactions in the piles of the initial plate. Obtained results are concordant with the engineer’s intuition and a comparison of results for various plates shows high similarity between each other. As works dealing with the analogical problems have not been found in the literature, then this concordance and similarity can be acknowledged as a premise showing a correctness of the presented method. The results obtained in the method have been compared to results obtained in a professional FEM-based environment for building construction design. It has been stated that in many cases the results of the presented method are highly concordant to those of the FEM, though in some cases discrepancies exist. However, the FEM is an approximate method, especially if related to plates, thus its results should be taken with a great care. In general, it can be stated that the presented method deserves an attention and further studies.
Topological BF Description of 2D Accelerated Chiral Edge Modes
Authors: Bertolini Erica , Fecit Filippo , Maggiore Nicola
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we consider the topological abelian BF theory with radial boundary on a generic 3D manifold, as we were motivated by the recently discovered accelerated edge modes on certain Hall systems. Our aim was to research if, where, and how the boundary keeps the memory of the details of the background metrics. We discovered that some features were topologically protected and did not depend on the bulk metric. The outcome was that these edge excitations were accelerated, as a direct consequence of the non-flat nature of the bulk spacetime. We found three possibilities for the motion of the edge quasiparticles: same directions, opposite directions, and a single-moving mode. However, requiring that the Hamiltonian of the 2D theory is bounded by below, the case of the edge modes moving in the same direction was ruled out. Systems involving parallel Hall currents (for instance, a fractional quantum Hall effect with ν=2/5) cannot be described by a BF theory with the boundary, independently from the geometry of the bulk spacetime, because of positive energy considerations. Thus, we were left with physical situations characterized by edge excitations moving with opposite velocities (for example, the fractional quantum Hall effect with ν=1−1/n, with the n positive integer, and the helical Luttinger liquids phenomena) or a single-moving mode (quantum anomalous Hall). A strong restriction was obtained by requiring time reversal symmetry, which uniquely identifies modes with equal and opposite velocities, and we know that this is the case of topological insulators. The novelty, with respect to the flat bulk background, is that the modes have local velocities, which correspond to topological insulators with accelerated edge modes.
mmWave Beam Tracking for V2I Communication Systems Based on Spectrum Environment Awareness
Authors: Zhang Lulu , Zhong Weizhi , Zhang Junjie , Lin Zhipeng , Yang Zhuoming , Wang Junzhi
Published: March 2022

Real-time matching of millimeter wave (mmWave) narrow beams is a great challenge in dynamic vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) environments due to the mobility of vehicles. In this paper, a novel beam search strategy based on spectrum-environment awareness is proposed. Combining the technique of label iterative optimization with three-dimensional (3D) grid encoding, the strategy treats the optimal beam pair indexes (BPIs) as labels and encodes the environments as features. Three-dimensional grid encoding is a symmetry-based environmental coding technology. A new Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model is also constructed, which is trained by the features. The situational beam search of actual vehicles is performed under the trained CNN model. As a result, real-time mmWave narrow beam matching can be achieved. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy can effectively reduce the beam search overhead and improve the efficiency while guaranteeing the matching accuracy.
Longitudinal Analysis of Neutralizing Potency against SARS-CoV-2 in the Recovered Patients after Treatment with or without Favipiravir
Authors: Shinada Kanako , Sato Takashi , Moriyama Saya , Adachi Yu , Shinoda Masahiro , Ota Shinichiro , Morikawa Miwa , Mineshita Masamichi , Matsumura Takayuki , Takahashi Yoshimasa , Shinkai Masaharu
Published: March 2022

The effect of treatment with favipiravir, an antiviral purine nucleoside analog, for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the production and duration of neutralizing antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 was explored. There were 17 age-, gender-, and body mass index-matched pairs of favipiravir treated versus control selected from a total of 99 patients recovered from moderate COVID-19. These subjects participated in the longitudinal (>6 months) analysis of (i) SARS-CoV-2 spike protein’s receptor-binding domain IgG, (ii) virus neutralization assay using authentic virus, and (iii) neutralization potency against original (WT) SARS-CoV-2 and cross-neutralization against B.1.351 (beta) variant carrying triple mutations of K417N, E484K, and N501Y. The results demonstrate that the use of favipiravir: (1) significantly accelerated the elimination of SARS-CoV-2 in the case vs. control groups (p = 0.027), (2) preserved the generation and persistence of neutralizing antibodies in the host, and (3) did not interfere the maturation of neutralizing potency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 and neutralizing breadth against SARS-CoV-2 variants. In conclusion, treatment of COVID-19 with favipiravir accelerates viral clearance and does not interfere the generation or maturation of neutralizing potency against both WT SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.
Assessing the Transmissibility of the New SARS-CoV-2 Variants: From Delta to Omicron
Authors: Dong Rui , Hu Taojun , Zhang Yunjun , Li Yang , Zhou Xiao-Hua
Published: March 2022

Omicron, the latest SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern (VOC), first appeared in Africa in November 2021. At present, the question of whether a new VOC will out-compete the currently predominant variant is important for governments seeking to determine if current surveillance strategies and responses are appropriate and reasonable. Based on both virus genomes and daily-confirmed cases, we compare the additive differences in growth rates and reproductive numbers (R0) between VOCs and their predominant variants through a Bayesian framework and phylo-dynamics analysis. Faced with different variants, we evaluate the effects of current policies and vaccinations against VOCs and predominant variants. The model also predicts the date on which a VOC may become dominant based on simulation and real data in the early stage. The results suggest that the overall additive difference in growth rates of B.1.617.2 and predominant variants was 0.44 (95% confidence interval, 95% CI: −0.38, 1.25) in February 2021, and that the VOC had a relatively high R0. The additive difference in the growth rate of BA.1 in the United Kingdom was 6.82 times the difference between Delta and Alpha, and the model successfully predicted the dominating process of Alpha, Delta and Omicron. Current vaccination strategies remain similarly effective against Delta compared to the previous variants. Our model proposes a reliable Bayesian framework to predict the spread trends of VOCs based on early-stage data, and evaluates the effects of public health policies, which may help us better prepare for the upcoming Omicron variant, which is now spreading at an unprecedented speed.
EGFR-Based Targeted Therapy for Colorectal Cancer—Promises and Challenges
Authors: Janani Balakarthikeyan , Vijayakumar Mayakrishnan , Priya Kannappan , Kim Jin Hee , Prabakaran D. S. , Shahid Mohammad , Al-Ghamdi Sameer , Alsaidan Mohammed , Othman Bahakim Nasraddin , Hassan Abdelzaher Mohammad , Ramesh Thiyagarajan
Published: March 2022

Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the most lethal and common form of cancer in the world. It was responsible for almost 881,000 cancer deaths in 2018. Approximately 25% of cases are diagnosed at advanced stages with metastasis—this poses challenges for effective surgical control and future tumor-related mortality. There are numerous diagnostic methods that can be used to reduce the risk of colorectal carcinoma. Among these, targeted nanotherapy aims to eliminate the tumor and any metastasis. Active targeting can increase the effectiveness and quantity of drugs delivered to the target site. Antibodies that target overexpressed receptors on cell surfaces and indicators are coupled with drug-loaded carriers. The major target receptors of chemotherapeutic drugs delivery include VEGFR, EGFR, FGFR, HER2, and TGF. On account of its major and diverse roles in cancer, it is important to target EGFR in particular for better tumor selection, as EGFR is overexpressed in 25 to 82% of colorectal carcinoma cases. The EGFR monoclonal immunoglobulins cetuximab/panitumumab can thus be used to treat colorectal cancer. This review examines carriers that contain cetuximab-conjugated therapeutic drugs as well as their efficacy in anticancer activities.
The Dynamics of Changes in the Concentration of IgG against the S1 Subunit in Polish Healthcare Workers in the Period from 1 to 12 Months after Injection, Including Four COVID-19 Vaccines
Authors: Skorupa Monika , Szczepanek Joanna , Goroncy Agnieszka , Jarkiewicz-Tretyn Joanna , Ptaszyńska Barbara , Rajewski Paweł , Koper Wojciech , Pałgan Krzysztof , Tretyn Andrzej
Published: March 2022

Background: The presented research made it possible to obtain the characteristics of changes in anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG within one year of vaccination in healthcare workers. Materials and Methods: The research group consisted of 18,610 participants represented by medical and administration staff. IgG antibody concentrations were determined by ELISA. Results: At 5–8 months after full vaccination, the levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG with equal vaccines were similar. The exception was JNJ-78436735, for which IgG levels were significantly lower. In the 9th month after vaccination, an increase in the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG level, suggesting asymptomatic infection, was observed in a large group of participants. Significantly higher levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were observed after the booster dose compared to the second dose. The increase in antibodies was observed already around the 5th day after the injection of the booster dose, and was maximized at approximately the 14th day. Conclusion: The cut-off date for protection against the disease seems to be the period 8–9 months from the vaccination for mRNA vaccines and 5–6 months for vector vaccines. The introduction of a booster dose was the right decision, which could have a real impact on restricting the further transmission of the virus.
Residential Sustainable Water Usage and Water Management: Systematic Review and Future Research
Authors: Madias Konstantinos , Szymkowiak Andrzej
Published: March 2022

Sustainable water management has vital ramifications for people’s societal, economic and environmental future. To advance research in this domain, this article synthesizes the current state of knowledge regarding water resource management in the residential context. The aim of this paper is to identify research gaps and future research directions for residential water management in order to recommend solutions against water scarcity. To that end, this article applies bibliometric analysis and the Antecedents, Decisions and Outcomes (ADO) framework to the literature on residential sustainable water management. We reviewed the most impactful journals, most frequently cited articles, keyword trends and density-centrality maps. The in-depth analysis on 114 articles underscored three orientations for residential water usage and management: urban, household and consumer. Based on this analysis, we were able to identify the significant topics that structure this research field, as well as research gaps and future directions.
Theoretical Research on Sand Penetration Grouting Based on Cylindrical Diffusion Model of Tortuous Tubes
Authors: Wang Xuesong , Cheng Hua , Yao Zhishu , Rong Chuanxin , Huang Xianwen , Liu Xiaoyan
Published: March 2022

The penetration paths of grouts in sand layers are tortuous, and there is no reasonable penetration grouting theory at present. By employing tortuous circular tubes as the internal penetration pore channels of the sand layer, the cylindrical diffusion model is established for sand-layer penetration grouting. First, the permeability of porous media and average penetration velocity of Bingham slurry were deduced by considering tortuosity. Second, based on the penetration continuity equation, the active steady-state penetration differential equation of Bingham slurry and the pressure distribution function of slurry in the diffusion region were obtained. Finally, combined with the indoor penetration grouting test results, the attenuation law of slurry pressure and the influencing factors of diffusion radius were discussed. The results show that the cylindrical diffusion model of tortuous tubes can better characterize the diffusion process of penetration grouting in the sand layer. The stop condition for diffusion during penetration grouting is the reduction of the pressure gradient of the slurry to its starting value. The slurry pressure attenuation has obvious stages. The slurry pressure attenuation is faster in the area close to the grouting tube. At 50% of the maximum diffusion radius, the pressure attenuation is 70.01~75.41% of the total pressure attenuation within the diffusion region. Increasing the grouting pressure and permeability coefficient and reducing the slurry viscosity ratio can greatly increase the slurry diffusion radius. These results provide a theoretical basis for determining sand grouting parameters in the future.
Comparison of Techniques for Maintaining Adequate Disinfectant Residuals in a Full-Scale Water Distribution Network
Authors: Avvedimento Stefania , Todeschini Sara , Manenti Sauro , Creaco Enrico
Published: March 2022

The present work provides a numerical comparison of different techniques that can be adopted to guarantee sufficient disinfectant residuals in a water distribution network (WDN) when chlorine or chloramine is used as disinfectant. First, while considering chlorine as a disinfectant, the implementation of booster stations in bulk areas and continuous outflows at dead-end nodes was considered. Afterward, the comparison between continuous and intermittent outflows was performed. The water volume being the same, water is provided through blowoffs for 24 h or for limited durations, respectively. Finally, the extent to which the results change was analyzed when chloramine is used instead of chlorine. The methodology is based on the use of the flow routing/water quality modeling software EPANET and its multispecies extension EPANET-MSX on a full-scale WDN. The results show that all the operational measures analyzed are effective to tackle the problem of low disinfectant residuals in WDN. Booster stations are effective to obtain a more uniform distribution of disinfectant throughout the WDN, while nodal blowoffs seem to be a necessary solution for the numerous and scattered dead-end nodes of WDN. The use of chloramine yielded a decrease in the number of blowoffs to open and in blowoff outflows.
El Pacto Verde, NextGenerationEU y la nueva Europa geopolítica
Authors: Sanahuja José Antonio
Published: March 2022

La Unión Europea ha dado respuesta a la crisis climática, la COVID-19, la erosión de la globalización, y un entorno internacional adverso a través de tres estrategias interrelacionadas: el Pacto Verde Europeo, que define un nuevo modelo de desarrollo económico y social orientado a la descarbonización de la economía y el cumplimiento de las metas climáticas del Acuerdo de París; el programa NextGenerationEU (NGEU), como respuesta contracíclica a la pandemia, y mecanismo financiero para acelerar la triple transición socioeconómica, digital y ecológica de la UE; y la búsqueda de una mayor soberanía o autonomía estratégica. Este trabajo examina NGEU y el Pacto Verde como elementos del relanzamiento del proyecto europeo, y de la respuesta societal de la UE a la crisis de la globalización. También se analiza cómo la invasión rusa en Ucrania ha inducido la convergencia de las metas del Pacto Verde en materia de energía con los imperativos de soberanía energética planteados por la aparición de una “Europa geopolítica”.
Data about the vessels decorated with painting in the discoveries of the Early Neolithic from Cristian I, Sibiu County, Romania ...and some ”Mesolithic legacies and traditions” on the Danube line and north of it
Authors: Luca Sabin Adrian
Published: March 2022

Archaeological material of the very Early Neolithic (and „ Mesolithic traditions”) discovered in the archaeological site of Cristian I still presents surprising evidence of the behaviour of communities at that time. In this study, we have new data about painting ornamentation of the Early Neolithic pottery from here.
The Impact of External Factors on the Acceptance of Educational Technology Among the Indonesian Junior School Teachers
Authors: Sulasmi Emilda , Dalle Juhriyansyah
Published: March 2022

Literature shows the immense importance of technology acceptance among junior school teachers. Hence based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the current study aims to investigate the impact of various external factors, i.e., appreciation learning climate, facilitation learning climate, learning through reflection, and learning through experimentation on the adoption of technology among junior school teachers in Indonesia. Using a quantitative field survey, data were collected from 410 respondents and were analyzed using SmartPls3 by testing through the measurement and structural model. Results revealed that junior school teachers have a positive attitude towards the use of educational technology. Also, the external factors, i.e., appreciation learning climate was positively associated with perceived usefulness. Whereas facilitation learning climate, learning through reflection, and learning through experimentation were found to be positively and significantly associated with the perceived ease of use and actual use of the educational technology. Integrating Motivation-Hygiene Theory with the TAM model, this study revealed how multiple external factors motivate teachers to incorporate educational technology in their teaching methodologies. Besides extending the literature related to TAM and motivation theory, several future research directions are suggested.
Family logotherapy
Authors: Sipowicz Kasper , Podlecka Marlena , Pietras Tadeusz
Published: March 2022

The paper outlines the concept of family logotherapy in relation to systemic family therapy, popular in Poland. The basic philosophical and anthropological assumptions of Frankl’s logotherapy, and thus the phenomenon of free will, as well as the will to make sense and to find the meaning of life are discussed. Referring to the systemic family therapy dominant in the Polish discourse, the basic assumptions, goals and structure of family logotherapy are presented, according to which the conscious values, senses and meanings of individual members shape the pattern of interactions within the family.
Children with disabilities and their families during the COVID-19 pandemic - literature review
Authors: Zalewska Anna
Published: March 2022

The difficult situation in which the whole society suddenly found itself due to the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic causing the COVID-19 disease, has disintegrated everyday life, arousing fear and carrying many negative consequences. Children with disabilities and their families are in a difficult position, for whom the pandemic crisis also overlaps with other problems related to disability. The main purpose of the article is to present the actual situation of children with disabilities and their families during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the review of the current literature based on the EBM (Evidence-Based Medicine) paradigm, the characteristics of the functioning and selected problems of this group, as well as the negative effects of the pandemic affecting it, have been presented.
Actual Vitamin D Accents for the Golden Age Population
Authors: Якубова Л.В.
Published: March 2022

Целью данного обзора было представить результаты исследований, указывающих на значимость эффектов и уровня витамина D для организма, особенно в «золотом» возрасте.Известно, что реализация эффектов витамина D в организме происходит с участием «негеномного» и «геномного» механизмов. Рецепторы витамина D (VDR) были обнаружены более чем в 40 типах тканей и клеток организма. В обзоре приведены результаты ряда исследований, подтверждающих протективное значение оптимизации уровня витамина D в организме для снижения риска развития многих заболеваний, в том числе влияние на течение и исход COVID-19, а также исследований, указывающих на взаимосвязь уровня витамина D в крови с процессами старения. Рассмотрены рекомендуемые на сегодняшний день профилактические и терапевтические дозы приема холекальциферола, алгоритм его назначения пациентам с артериальной гипертензией. Подчеркивается необходимость персонифицированного выбора целевого уровня витамина D в крови с учетом заболеваний и его исходного уровня у пациента.

The purpose of this review was to present the results of studies indicating the significance of vitamin D effects and levels in the body, especially among the golden age population. It is known that the implementation of vitamin D effects in the body proceeds with the involvement of both non-genomic and genomic mechanisms. Vitamin D receptors (VDRs) have been found in over 40 types of tissues and cells in the body. The review presents the results of several studies confirming the protective value of optimizing the level of vitamin D in the body in order to reduce the risk of developing many diseases, including the effect on the course and outcome of COVID-19, as well as studies indicating a relationship between blood vitamin D levels and aging. The currently recommended prophylactic and therapeutic doses of cholecalciferol intake, the algorithm for its appointment to patients with arterial hypertension are described. The author emphasizes the need for a personalized choice of the target vitamin D blood levels taking into account patient conditions and baseline vitamin D blood levels.
Psychoemotional Consequences of Coronavirus Infection
Authors: Тарасевич Е.В.
Published: March 2022

В статье описаны предрасполагающие факторы и клинические проявления психоэмоциональных нарушений, вызванных коронавирусной инфекцией COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019). Группами риска развития психических нарушений являются медицинские работники, оказывающие помощь пациентам с COVID-19; люди, потерявшие родственников и близких, а также те, кто понес значительные финансовые потери и лишился места работы. Рассматриваются подходы к терапии психоэмоциональных нарушений: психотерапия и фармакотерапия, которые должны быть направлены на купирование тревоги, восстановление сна, лечение депрессии и иных психических отклонений. Своевременное проведение психотерапии и фармакотерапии психоэмоциональных нарушений необходимо, поскольку предполагается, что данный синдром будет снижать работоспособность и качество жизни человека.

The article describes the predisposing factors and clinical manifestations of psychoemotional disorders caused by the coronavirus infection COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019). The groups at risk of developing mental disorders are health care workers caring for patients with COVID-19; people who have lost their relatives and loved ones; and those who experienced significant financial losses and lost their jobs. The approaches to the therapy of psychoemotional disorders are considered such as psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy, which should be aimed at relieving anxiety, restoring sleep, treating depression and other mental disorders. Timely psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy of psychoemotional disorders is necessary, since this syndrome is expected to decrease individual’s work performance and quality of life.
The Structure of Cognitive Impairments in Patients with Sleep Apnea in the Acute Period of Cerebral Infarction
Authors: Сереброва Е.В.
Published: March 2022

Цель исследования. Изучить влияние апноэ во сне на структуру когнитивных нарушений у пациентов в остром периоде инфаркта мозга.Материалы и методы. Проведено исследование когнитивных функций по Монреальской шкале оценки когнитивных функций в остром периоде инфаркта мозга (ИМ) 74 пациентам с апноэ во сне (АС) и 40 пациентам без АС. В основной группе 20 пациентам в течение 7–10 дней выполнялась СИПАП-терапия.Результаты. У пациентов с АС наблюдались более выраженные, чем у пациентов без АС, нарушения зрительно-конструктивных/исполнительных навыков, внимания и отсроченного воспроизведения (р<0,05), при этом наиболее тяжелый когнитивный дефицит в данных сферах и абстракции выявлен у пациентов с тяжелой степенью АС (р<0,05). Значимое улучшение в сфере отсроченного воспроизведения установлено у пациентов, получавших СИПАП-терапию, в сравнении с остальными пациентами основной группы (р=0,001).Заключение. Пациенты с ИМ нуждаются в ранней диагностике АС и когнитивных нарушений для проведения своевременных лечебных и реабилитационных мероприятий.

Objective. To study the effect of sleep apnea on the structure of cognitive impairment in patients in the acute period of cerebral infarction.Materials and methods. A study of cognitive functions according to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in the acute period of cerebral infarction (CI) was carried out in 74 patients with sleep apnea (SA) and 40 patients without SA. In the main group 20 patients underwent CPAP therapy.Results. In patients with SA, more pronounced disorders of visual-constructive/executive skills, attention and delayed reproduction (p<0.05) were observed than in patients without SA, while the most severe cognitive deficits in these areas and abstractions were found in patients with severe SA (p<0.05). A significant improvement in the field of delayed reproduction was found in patients receiving CPAP therapy in comparison with the rest of the patients in the main group (p=0.001).Conclusion. Patients with CI require early diagnosis of SA and cognitive impairment in order to carry out timely treatment and rehabilitation measures.
Structure and main stages of the process of long-term state support by the state of elderly generation
Authors: Анисимов В.Н. , Эргашев О.Н. , Финагентов А.В. , Бордовский Г.А. , Кабанов М.Ю.
Published: March 2022

В статье рассмотрена проблема моделирования процесса предоставления государственной помощи пожилым гражданам. Обосновывается ее структурирование с выделением отдельных модулей - функциональных этапов и соответствующих им типизированных статусов пациентов. Рассмотрено влияние основных групп факторов на формирование персональных пакетов услуг, включающих медицинскую, социальную, психологическую и образовательную составляющие. Проанализирована реализация системной комплексной медико-социально-психологической помощи гражданам старшего поколения. Предложены технологии, способствующие оптимизации системы государственной поддержки пожилых граждан, основанные на биопсихосоциальном подходе и распределении нагрузки между ведомствами и структурами при обеспечении системного единства процесса.

The article deals with the problem of modeling the process of providing the state support aimed senior citizens. Its structuring is substantiated with the allocation of individual modules - functional stages and the relevant typed statuses of patients. The influence of the main groups of factors on the formation of personal packages of services, including medical, social, psychological and educational components, is considered. In the article the implementation of the functions of systemic support for the provision of comprehensive medical, social and psychological assistance to citizens of the older generation for the identified functional stages have been analyzed. Technologies are proposed that contribute to the optimization of the system of state support for senior citizens, based on the use of a biopsychosocial approach and distribution of the load between departments and structures while ensuring the systemic unity of the process.
Forecasting the number of grandparents in Russia in conditions of limited information resources
Authors: Шубат О.М. , Багирова А.П.
Published: March 2022

Авторы разработали и реализовали методику прогнозирования численности российских прародителей. Она состоит из двух частей: методика прогнозирования численности потенциальных прародителей, в целом, и активных прародителей (участвующих в уходе, воспитании внуков), в частности. Две части методики предполагают разные источники информации, имеют свои особенности, подробно описанные в статье. Применение методик позволило построить прогноз увеличения численности и потенциальных, и активных прародителей в России. Методическая ценность проведенного исследования состоит в развитии демографического прогнозирования, а практическая - в потенциальной востребованности этих результатов для усиления информационной поддержки процесса реализации национального проекта «Демография».

Grandparenthood is considered in the paper as a mechanism for the effective implementation of the resource potential of older people. The authors developed and implemented a methodology for forecasting the number of Russian grandparents. It consists of two parts: methodology for predicting the number of potential grandparents in general and active grandparents (involved in the care and upbringing of grandchildren) in particular. The two parts of the methodology involve different sources of information and have their own characteristics, which are described in detail in the paper. The use of the methods allowed us to make a forecast of the growth of the number of both potential and active grandparents in Russia. The methodological value of the study is the development of demographic forecasting, and the practical value is the potential relevance of these results to strengthen information support for the implementation of the national project «Demography».