bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance of Organizational structure and Irrigation Water Management at Dirma Small Scale Irrigation Scheme Northern, Ethiopia
Authors: Kibret Eshetu Adane , Gebeyehu Tirngo Belayneh , Kumlachew Yibeltal Zewdu
Published: May 2024

Evaluations of irrigation water management and organizational scenarios are essential for tracking project performance. For Dirma small-scale irrigation small-scale irrigation scheme, an exhaustive investigation on irrigation water management and organizational structures performance has been carried out. The data collected for this study were field visit and observations, key informants and farmers interviewing, focus group discussion and Household Survey with questionnaires and report document. SPSS 21 software was used to analyze the data.
The study result indicated that from respondants and observations 66.7% faced irrigation water supply unreliability, 79.5% encountered unfair distribution of water, 83.3% lack of maintenance, and 83.3% faced institutional support problem. The Water Users Associations (WUAs) lack clear by-laws and strategies to lead and administor operations and maintenances of the scheme. It is hard to consider closing the skill gap among farmers, to have a functional maintenance strategy, to distribute irrigation water fairly, to have a reliable irrigation water supply, and to provide irrigation water on schedule without an efficient WUA. Therefore, high infrastructure maintenance is required, proper organizational setup, scheme monitoring, and upgrading its capacity to be in place and WUA should be empowered for it to discharge its responsibility.
A Sustainable Integrated Agroforestry System
Authors: COMOLLI LUIS R. , Schegg Esteban , Infuleski Cristian , Fassola Hugo , von Wallis Alejandra , Barth Sara , Bulfe Nardia , Gauchat María Elena , Munareto Néstor , Wyss Fabio
Published: May 2024

The development of industrialized agriculture has met the need to feed a growing global population with higher quality foods, through increases in yields, productivity, and efficiency. However, agriculture is now a dominant force behind many environmental threats including excessive deforestation, loss of biodiversity, soil erosion, chemical pollution, and contributions to greenhouse gasses and global warming. These externalities can no longer be ignored. Several agricultural movements arose as an alternative to the conventional farming paradigm, using various terms including “organic”, “biodynamic”, “ecological”, and “biological”. None has been capable of challenging the development trajectory of conventional agriculture, underpinned by simplification, specialisation, and increased inputs. As extreme climate events have become globally more common, a heightening of the level of public awareness about global warming and the relevance of ecosystem services provides an opportunity for change. All climate adaptation and mitigation strategies with a potential to have global impact are worth disseminating and discussing. Agroforestry, which is the intentional combination of trees and shrubs with crops or livestock, could be the next step in sustainable agriculture. This multifunctional approach for our food system, focusing on complexity, diversity, and recycling, mimicking nature’s functions, has the potential to sustain production while supporting a range of ecosystem services. For over two decades and a half we have committed heavily in the creation of the integrated agroforestry system we document here. The creation and continued leveraging of the system provide an example that it is possible to recover biodiversity and ecosystem services on lands previously eroded due to highly extractive exploitation. Collaborations with public extension agencies have helped in capacity building and public outreach to show how an economic activity can be strengthen by the recovery of natural complexity. We believe that our project and similar ones should be one type of strategy in the toolkit for meeting the 2030 biodiversity targets, e.g., as discussed in the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD COP 15) Global Biodiversity Framework.
The impact of random parameter distribution on RVFL model performance in bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Li Junliang , Liu Jingna , Ren Bin
Published: May 2024

Although deep learning has achieved revolutionary progress in may application fields including image processing and fault diagnosis scenarios, the extremely high computation cost with long running time and the non-interpretability of black box mechanism seriously downgrades its applicability in some areas especially in real time tasks. To overcome these drawbacks, lightweight neural networks with quick training and less computational cost, which include the randomly weighted networks such as RVFL with non-iterative training mechanism, have been proposed to replace the deep learning models. This paper conducts a study on RVFL model performance with respect to bearing fault diagnosis problems, focusing on the difference between uniform and normal distributions of random parameters. It experimentally shows that difference of performance between both distributions is significant, and the accuracy of normal distribution is slightly better than the uniform distribution regarding this application scenario. It provides some useful guidelines for real bearing fault diagnosis with real time requirement to choose an appropriate distribution of parameters for random weighted neural network training.
Adaptive Phase-field total Lagrangian Material Point Method for Evaluating Dynamic Fracture of Soft Material
Authors: Zheng Yonggang , Zhang Shun , Yang Weilong , Zhang Zijian , Ye Hongfei , Zhang Hongwu
Published: May 2024

An adaptive phase-field total Lagrangian material point method (APTLMPM) is proposed in this paper for effectively simulating the dynamic fracture of soft materials with finite deformation. In this method, the governing equations for the fracture of soft materials are derived by integrating the phase-field fracture model with the total Lagrangian material point method (TLMPM), and corresponding discrete equations are then formulated with explicit time integration. To address the significant computational issue in terms of memory and processing time, an adaptive technique for dynamically splitting particles and background grids in the phase-field TLMPM is proposed, based on the phase-field values of the particles. To further maintain continuity of the physical field throughout the computational process and consider the characteristics of the field update, an information remapping strategy is developed. Several representative numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed APTLMPM by comparing the simulation results with experimental data and those as obtained with other numerical methods.
Miniaturized UWB Microstrip filtering Patch Antenna Integrated with Uniform Impedance Resonator filter for In- Body Biomedical Devices
Authors: Boddu Ramesh , Kokkiligadda Phaninder Vinay
Published: May 2024

The utilization of in-body biomedical devices (IBBDs) is gaining considerable interest in the pursuit of remedies for complicated medical conditions. Biomedical devices, which are capable of being ingested, injected, or implanted within the human body, have enabled the wireless monitoring of physiological signs of patients. This eliminates the need for frequent hospital visits and routine examinations. In such cases, the antenna serves as an essential component for transmitting bio-data from the IBBDs to the external environment. Many aspects need to be taken into account while designing an in-body antenna, including as miniaturisation, connection budget, safety for patients, biological compatibility, minimal power consumption, and efficient functioning within approved medical frequency ranges. By keeping all these factors in view, an Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) microstrip antenna is designed and then integrated with Uniform Impedance Resonator (UIR) filter for In-Body Biomedical Devices (IBBDs) is presented in this letter. Initially, a conventional rectangular patch is implemented on the low cost FR4 substrate with εr = 4.4 having the thickness of 1.6mm backed with defected ground structure. The overall dimensions of the proposed antenna is 30X30X1.6mm3 fed with simple microstrip line feed. The proposed design is used to operate for the entire UWB frequency range. The filtering microstrip antenna is designed by integrating the UWB antenna with 3 rd order Uniform Impedance Resonator (UIR) filter with the feed line. The proposed filtering antenna is used to operate at 5.5GHz-6.2GHz with the center frequency of 5.82GHz. The Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) bands of 13.56MHz, 2.40–2.48GHz, and 5.71–5.87GHz are approved globally for IBBD applications and were assigned to Europe by the Electronic Communication Committee (ECC). The proposed filtering antenna design is aimed to operate at 5.71-5.87GHHz band. The proposed design is simulated using commercially available EM tool using CSTMWS. To validate the simulated results all three UWB antenna, UIR filter and Filtering antenna are fabricated and measured. For the recommended designs, there is a strong correlation between the measured and simulated results. Index Terms: In-Body Biomedical Devices (IBBDs), Ultra Wide Band (UWB), Uniform Impedance Resonator (UIR), Electronic Communication Committee (ECC), ISM Band.
Risk Factors associated with Pain Episodes among Sickle Cell Patients that visited Mulago National Referral Hospital-Uganda
Authors: Shamira Nassiwa , Bosco Asiimwe John , Nsimbe Dick , Lwanga Charles
Published: May 2024

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a chronic hematologic disease associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The study aims to investigate the suggested socio-economic and clinical factors and their contribution to the frequency of pain episodes among sickle cell patients in Uganda.
Method: We used pre-existing secondary data from sickle cell clinic records at Mulago referral hospital collected in 2019, with a sample of 2532 sickle cell patients. In support of the outcome being count data, the Negative Binomial Regression model was utilized to estimate how the independent factors affected the frequency of pain episodes among the patients.
Results: The frequency of pain episodes was different among age groups as young adults (16/14) experienced the highest number of pain episodes on average (IRR=1.39; 95% CI=1.277-1.522; p=0.000) compared to young children. While increased temperature (fever) increased the frequency of pain episodes by 24% (IRR=1.243; 95% CI=1.147-1.348; p=0.000), infection by 27% (IRR=1.27; 95% CI=1.191-1.354; p<0.000), other chronic diseases by 11% (IRR=1.11; 95% CI=1.038-1.188; p<0.002), malaria by 38% (IRR=1.38; 95% CI=1.036-1.836; p<0.027), and hydroxyurea however decreased the frequency of pain episodes by 34% (IRR=0.662; 95% CI=0.584-0.750; p<0.000). Nevertheless, there was no evidence that being a male or female would influence the frequency of pain episodes among sickle cell patients.
Conclusions: These findings are expected to add to the body of knowledge in the health sector, assist in advocacy programs, inform policy, and aid in tailored interventions.
Combination of AURKA inhibitor and MEK inhibitor strongly enhances G1 arrest and induces synergistic antitumor effect on KRAS or BRAF mutant colon cancer cells
Authors: Sato Masashi , Yamamoto Yoshiyuki , Moriwaki Toshikazu , Fukuda Kuniaki , Tsuchiya Kiichiro
Published: May 2024

Background
In colorectal cancer, RAS and BRAF are major mutation points in the RAS-MAPK signaling pathway. These gene mutations are known to be important causes of resistance to anti-EGFR antibody therapies. MEK inhibitors have been hoped to be an effective therapy for RAS or BRAF mutation tumors; however, their suppression effect for the RAS-MAPK signaling pathway is not sufficient when used as a single agent. Aurora kinase A (AURKA), one of the mitotic kinases, is expected to be a novel therapeutic target in cancers. Recently, it has been reported that AURKA interacts with the EGFR-RAS-MAPK signaling pathway. In this study, we examined whether the combination of MK-5108 (AURKA inhibitor) and trametinib (MEK inhibitor) enhanced the antitumor effect for colon cancer cell lines.
Methods
We used four cell lines, HCT116, LoVo (TP53 wild, KRAS mutant), DLD1 (TP53 mutant, KRAS mutant), and HT29 (TP53 mutant, BRAF mutant). To determine the antitumor effects, a WST-8 assay was performed. Combination index was used to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of MK-5108 and trametinib. EdU assay and PI staining were performed to estimate cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. To identify the molecular mechanisms of the antitumor effects of the combination therapy, protein expressions were evaluated by immunoblot analysis.
Results
The combination of MK-5108 and trametinib showed synergistic enhancements of antitumor effect in all cell lines. MK-5108 and trametinib induced G2/M arrest and G1 arrest, respectively, and the two-drug combination further enhanced G1 arrest. The addition of MK-5108 to trametinib enhanced the suppression of p-ERK and other G1/S progression-related proteins expression. In HCT116 cells, harboring wild-type TP53, the combination therapy induced more potent cell proliferation suppression and apoptosis induction than in TP53 knockout cells. These were related to enhancement of p53 expression and caspase activation.
Conclusion
The combination of MK-5108 and trametinib showed synergistic enhancement of antitumor effect with either KRAS or BRAF mutation. Furthermore, the combination therapy could be more effective in wild-type TP53 cells.
Unlocking the Secret Vault of Promising Drug Targets from Mpox Proteome- A Computational Approach
Authors: Tiwari Harshit , Sharma Shreya , Dixit Anchal , Kumar Reetesh , Fatima Kashish , Hazarika Zaved , Ilyas Ashal , Upadhyay Shashank , Borkotoky Subhomoi
Published: May 2024

Mpox (previously known as Monkeypox) is an infectious disease caused by the monkeypox virus that can be lethal and is a serious hazard to public health. Despite various efforts to develop effective drugs and vaccines, presently there are relatively few antiviral therapeutics available specific to the disease. The knowledge of the possible drug targets in the Mpox proteome can enhance the to develop specific drugs tailored to specific needs. With this objective, the present study uses various computational approaches to identify and analyze putative therapeutic targets within the Mpox viral proteome. A total of 33 promising drug targets were identified that are critical for the survival and replication of the virus following an in-depth analysis of the proteome of the Mpox virus. Using an array of computational explorations, the structural and functional characteristics of the identified drug targets were analyzed to gain insights into their mechanisms of action. Our findings indicate that several identified therapeutic targets have the potential for the development of effective treatments against the Mpox virus. In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive computational analysis of the Mpox viral proteome, identifying prospective therapeutic targets for disease treatment. These findings are critical for developing novel antiviral treatments for this highly infectious and potentially lethal virus.
Anti-trichophyton Rubrum Potential of (R)-(+)- Citronellal
Authors: Andrade Francisco Patricio , Sousa Janiere Pereira , Moraes Gustavo Fernandes Queiroga , Lima Edeltrudes Oliveira
Published: May 2024

Trichophyton rubrum is a keratolytic and keratinophilic fungus responsible for causing dermatophytoses. These pathogens have been associated with resistance phenomena, which encourages the need to search for new substances with anti-Trichophyton rubrum activity. The present study aimed to investigate the antifungal activity of (R)-(+)- Citronellal (RCIT) against clinical isolates of T. rubrum. The antifungal potential of RCIT was evaluated from the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Fungicide Concentration (MFC), Association study, and assays with cholesterol, ergosterol and sorbitol. RCIT MIC values ranged from 4 to 512 µg/mL, while their MFC ranged from 4 to 512 µg/mL. When associating RCIT with the drug fluconazole, pharmacological indifference and antagonism were evidenced. It was shown that the mechanism of action is related to fungal ergosterol and showed interactions with exogenous cholesterol. The results obtained in this research demonstrate that RCIT has the potential to become a product for the treatment of dermatophytosis.
Mediation Effect of Plasma Metabolites on the Relationship between Immune Cells and the Risk of Prostatitis: A Study by Bidirectional Two-Sample and Bayesian-Weighted Mendelian Randomization
Authors: Ding Chao , Gong QuanHua , Wan Shui
Published: May 2024

Background According to the findings of multiple observational studies, immune disorder was a risk factor for prostatitis. However, it remained unknown whether there was a direct causal relationship between immune cells and prostatitis or whether this relationship was mediated by plasma metabolites.Methods Based on the pooled data of a genome-wide association study (GWAS), a genetic variant was used to predict the effects of 731 immunophenotypes on the risk of prostatitis and determine whether the effects were mediated by 1,400 metabolites. The bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method was adopted to uncover the causal relationship between immunophenotypes and prostatitis. Subsequently, a two-step MR method was employed to evaluate whether the metabolites mediated this causal relationship and quantify the mediating effects and the corresponding ratios. In addition, the Bayesian-weighted MR(BWMR) method was employed to verify the results.Results Among the 731 immunophenotypes analyzed, 16 had causal relationships with the risk of prostatitis, including 11 with positive correlations (p < 0.05, beta > 0) and 5 with negative correlations (p < 0.05, beta < 0). The MR analysis screened out nine metabolites related to the risk of prostatitis. The X − 24344 levels mediated the causal relationship between CD3 on CD39+ activated Treg and prostatitis (mediation effect: 0.01; ratio: 9.82%). Both histidine betaine (hercynine) levels and the proline-to-glutamate ratio mediated the causal relationship between CD14– CD16+ monocyte absolute count and prostatitis, with the mediation effects of − 0.016 (14.20%) and − 0.008 (7.24%), respectively. The glutamine degradant levels mediated the causal relationship between HLA DR+ CD4+%T cells and prostatitis, with a mediation effect of − 0.012, accounting for 8.07% of the total.Conclusion The present study indicated that the immune cell subsets predicted based on gene expression profiles were potentially beneficial or harmful risk factors of prostatitis, and plasma metabolites may serve as the mediating factors of the relationship. The study thus shed light on deciphering the immunologic mechanism of prostatitis.
The impact of frailty at diagnosis on mortality and hospital admissions in secondary spontaneous pneumothorax using the SAIL Databank: a study protocol.
Authors: Barton Eleanor C , Carter Ben , Short Roxanna , Verduri Alessia , Hewitt Jonathan , Maskell Nick A
Published: May 2024

Background The prevalence of frailty is increasing as the global population ages. The relationship between frailty and poor outcomes and the utility of frailty indices to assess frailty is well documented. Although secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP) is common, there are no data evaluating the relationship between frailty and outcomes in this condition. This protocol describes an observational study assessing the correlation between frailty and mortality, amongst other clinical outcomes, in patients with SSP.Methods We will use ICD-10 and NHS read codes to identify participants with a first episode of SSP after 1st January 2005 from the SAIL Databank. The participants will be stratified by frailty status using the electronic frailty index (eFI) measured at or near to the time of diagnosis. Baseline data, including patient demographics, comorbidities, smoking status and date of death, will be collected. The eFI will be correlated with clinical outcomes including mortality, time to hospitalisation, length of stay and readmissions. Our primary analysis will be all-cause mortality by eFI, adjusted for age, sex, deprivation, smoking status and comorbidities. The secondary analyses will be disease-specific mortality, time to first hospital admission, length of stay, and readmissions. All analyses will be presented as crude and adjusted HR and OR with associated 95% CIs and p values.Discussion This study will be the first to explore the association between frailty and clinical outcomes in SSP. The eFI has the potential to be used to predict outcomes and guide clinical decision making for complex, multimorbid patients with SSP.
Anomalous criticality coexists with giant cluster in the uniform forest model
Authors: Chen Hao , Salas Jesús , Deng Youjin
Published: May 2024

We show by extensive simulations that the whole supercritical phase of the three-dimensional uniform forest model simultaneously exhibits an infinite tree and a rich variety of critical phenomena. Besides typical scalings like algebraically decaying correlation, power-law distribution of cluster sizes, and divergent correlation length, a number of anomalous behaviors emerge. The fractal dimensions for off-giant trees take different values when being measured by linear system size or gyration radius. The giant-tree size displays two-length scaling fluctuations, instead of following the central-limit theorem.
Llave maestra en la gestión de inventarios: una lúdica para el aprendizaje significativo en el campo ingenieril
Authors: Montoya Peláez Mauricio , Aguirre Alvarez Yenny Alejandra
Published: May 2024

Los juegos gerenciales se han aplicado en universidades y empresas, como herramienta pedagógica buscando aportar al desarrollo de competencias de manera lúdica y vivencial permitiendo la medición de experiencias basadas en la toma de decisiones, resultados de trabajo en equipo y lecciones aprendidas en el campo ingenieril. El presente artículo muestra una herramienta de aprendizaje lúdico que simula escenarios reales, en particular para aclarar, fortalecer y/o potencializar las competencias de los participantes en el campo de la ingeniería, puntualmente en el ámbito de la gestión de inventarios y la cadena de suministro. Comienza por la apropiación conceptual y trabajos relacionados con juegos, aprendizaje y gestión de inventarios, posteriormente se genera el despliegue del desarrollo lúdico considerando la definición técnica de la lúdica “Llave maestra”, la conformación de equipos, el paso a paso de juego, la evidencia de los resultados de aprendizaje, las conclusiones y los trabajos futuros. Dentro de los resultados esperados se tiene el fortalecer soft skills requeridas en el entorno empresarial, además de evidenciar el logro en niveles de enseñanza-aprendizaje, adquisición de herramientas para la resolución de problemas y la similitud de escenarios del sector productivo, a través de la generación de experiencias significativas generados por estrategias lúdicas.
Bootcamp de innovación abierta en Instituciones de Educación Superior: una experiencia a través del aprendizaje basado en retos del territorio
Authors: Mesa Gallego Carolina , Hernández Ortiz Jhon , López Sánchez Jerri
Published: May 2024

Los Bootcamps de innovación abierta propician un ambiente favorable para la solución a desafíos identificados en el territorio. Es por esto que, el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los beneficios e impactos del Bootcamp, realizado en la Universidad de Antioquia, seccional Bajo Cauca, en los participantes. Se llevó a cabo una evaluación de los equipos en tres competencias clave: creatividad e innovación, trabajo en equipo y comunicación efectiva. La metodología consistió en el desarrollo de una ruta de formación a través de talleres experienciales, en los cuales participaron 46 estudiantes divididos en 14 equipos. Posteriormente, los equipos fueron evaluados por jurados mediante un cuestionario que incluyó secciones cuantitativas y cualitativas. Esto permitió valorar las competencias desarrolladas por los participantes del Bootcamp. Los resultados indicaron que trabajo en equipo fue la competencia más desarrollada por los estudiantes; además, las competencias fueron correlacionadas cuantitativa y cualitativamente, para más confiabilidad. Las conclusiones permiten identificar que la comprensión del reto y la generación de soluciones efectivas están estrechamente relacionadas y son cruciales para el aumento de la calificación por parte de los jurados. Esta conexión impulsa el desarrollo al abordar de manera integral las necesidades y desafíos regionales.
Avaliação de prontuários como ferramenta de rastreamento para a desprescrição de benzodiazepínicos em idosos atendidos pelo SUS
Authors: Rodrigues Luciana Soares , Tinoco Marlon Silva , Silva Eriks Oliveira , Mendonça Thays Santos , Da Silva Luanna Gabriella Resende , De Oliveira Marcio Galvão Guimarães , Baldoni André Oliveira
Published: May 2024

Os benzodiazepínicos (BZD) são medicamentos considerados inapropriados para idosos, por apresentar mais riscos que benefícios para esse público. Neste sentido, justifica-se analisar se os prontuários podem ser aliados para rastrear esses pacientes a fim de realizar a desprescrição. O objetivo do estudo foi, então, analisar a possibilidade de rastreio de pacientes elegíveis para a desprescrição de BZD por meio de dados secundários presentes em prontuários de idosos. Realizou-se um estudo descritivo, utilizando-se prontuários físicos e eletrônicos de pacientes idosos atendidos na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), em um município de pequeno porte no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, no período de julho a novembro de 2020. Para identificação de potenciais pacientes candidatos à desprescrição, utilizou-se os seguintes parâmetros: a) Registro de insônia isolada ou insônia causada por comorbidade já em tratamento; b) pacientes com ≥ 60 anos em uso de BZD independente da duração. Dos 332 prontuários analisados, 76,8% eram do sexo feminino e 79,5% possuíam idade igual ou maior que 65 anos. Aproximadamente 31% dos pacientes realizaram entre uma e três renovações automáticas de prescrições (RAP) nos últimos 12 meses e ao considerar a data da primeira prescrição, identificou-se que 72,6% dos idosos utilizava o medicamento por um período superior a seis anos. Foi possível identificar que apenas 5,1% apresentaram um dos critérios de elegibilidade para a desprescrição, visto que 60,8% dos prontuários não possuíam detalhamento das informações quanto à indicação dos BZD. Assim, percebe-se a impossibilidade de utilização dos prontuários como estratégia de triagem para a identificação de potenciais candidatos para a desprescrição de BZD.
Salud mental y espiritualidad: abordaje de enfermería desde la recuperación de personas con conducta suicida
Authors: Zaraza Morales Daniel Ricardo , González Hernández Oscar Javier
Published: May 2024

La espiritualidad como apoyo en los procesos de recuperación cuando se presenta una alteración de la salud mental, ha sido reconocida no solo por su aporte al bienestar de la persona que presenta la situación problemática, sino también por el papel que juega en la tranquilidad de su núcleo familiar y cuidadores. El objetivo de este texto es reconocer intervenciones de enfermería (NIC), basadas en el modelo de Recuperación de la salud mental CHIME (Conecteness/Conexiones, Hope/Esperanza, Identity/Identidad, Meaning/Significado y Empowerment/Empoderamiento) de Leamy, que pueden ser desarrolladas para favorecer la recuperación de personas que presentan conducta suicida. Se utilizaron los descriptores esperanza, identidad, espiritual, trascendencia, suicidio, autoconocimiento y empoderamiento. Se encontraron 6 intervenciones y entre todas ellas 49 actividades que pueden apoyar la recuperación de una persona con conducta suicida. Se puede concluir que mediante el modelo de Recuperación CHIME se pueden desarrollar acciones articuladas con la clasificación de intervenciones de enfermería (en inglés NIC), útiles en el proceso terapéutico de personas que han presentado conducta suicida.
Skin Wound Classification and Therapeutic Techniques for Skin Repair
Authors: Galvis Escobar Sara María , Molina Sierra Juan David , Ruíz Soto Juan Pablo , Rego Londoño Maria Antonia , Pineda Molina Catalina
Published: May 2024

Skin wounds are a global public health concern, causing around three hundred thousand lives yearly and disabling millions more. More than 95% of these injuries occur in emerging countries where access to health services is limited, and resources are scarce. Variables such as depth, cause, infection, and/or chronicity determine the outcome of skin wounds and whether they hinder the body´s natural healing process. In order to treat deep, chronic and/or complicated skin wounds, various treatments have been developed. Widely used traditional techniques such as asepsis, debridement, and surgery are aimed to prevent further damage and aid scarring but have many disadvantages, including low efficiency results, high healing time rates, and elevated costs. Alternative and novel strategies, such as bioactive dressings and regenerative medicine, are intended to achieve functional and aesthetic tissue recovery while minimizing the rejection risk in other techniques like skin flaps and grafts. The present review outlines the key skin characteristics, a general description of the more common types of wounds and their incidence, and tissue engineered strategies commonly used for skin tissue regeneration.
Posición prono en pacientes ingresados a Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo con diagnóstico de COVID-19
Authors: Flórez-Bedoya Alex , Agudelo-Cifuentes Maite-Catalina , Mazo-Salazar Mariana , Rodríguez-Camargo Cindy , Hoyos-Salazar Gabriel , Ospina-Gil Luz Arisbey
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: caracterizar la terapia de posición prono y sus principales complicaciones en pacientes que ingresan a una Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo con diagnóstico de COVID-19. Metodología: estudio observacional de corte transversal. A partir de registros clínicos de 386 pacientes con diagnóstico de COVID-19 ingresados a una Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo (UCI) de tercer nivel de complejidad en el periodo marzo 2020-marzo 2021. Se analizaron características clínicas al ingreso a UCI, variables relacionadas con la pronación, complicaciones en pacientes pronados. Investigación aprobada por el comité de ética de la universidad CES. Resultados: La mayoría de los pacientes ingresados a UCI por COVID-19 eran hombres, con edad promedio de 61 años y un peso promedio de 77 kg. Casi la mitad ingresaron con la presión alta. El valor promedio de la frecuencia respiratoria fue de 24 por minuto y de oximetría de 92.8%. El 58% recibieron terapia de posición prono. El número máximo de ciclos fue de 14 con una duración promedio de 21 horas. El 60.6% presentó una o varias complicaciones, posterior a la pronación. Conclusión: La pronación es una intervención que mejora los índices de oxigenación en los pacientes con falla respiratoria por COVID-19 o de otra etiología. Pese a sus beneficios, no está exenta de riesgos, entre los que se destaca la alta prevalencia de lesiones en piel. Esto puede estar influenciado por el contexto de pandemia que conlleva a una mayor carga que recae sobre los sistemas de salud y permea la prestación de servicios de salud.
Evaluation of ANN model for pipe status assessment in drinking water management
Authors: Sörensen Johanna , Nilsson Erik , Nilsson Didrik , Gröndahl Ebba , Rehn David , Giertz Tommy
Published: May 2024

Non-revenue water due to pipe leakages presents a significant global challenge, impacting both the economy and environmental sustainability. The current approach to pipe management for water utilities in Sweden is mainly reactive; leaks are repaired when detected, sometimes with large costs if the leakage is extensive and critical. With this study, we want to focus on proactive pipe network management by using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model to estimate the probability of leakage in water pipes. The ANN model was trained on leaks that occurred over 10 years. A comparison with leaks reported after the training shows that the model succeeds in identifying groups of pipes with a higher leakage frequency. Evaluation of both new and historical leaks in four different water pipe networks in Sweden showed that a higher prediction value from the ANN model was linked to a higher occurrence of leakage. This indicates that the ANN model succeeds in identifying some of the combinations of attributes that lead to leakage. An evaluation of the input attributes in the ANN model found that the most important attributes for leakage prediction were pipe material, pipe age, adjacent problems on the pipe stretch, pipe length and pipe dimension.
INTERNAÇÕES NA INFÂNCIA POR DOENÇAS DO APARELHO RESPIRATÓRIO NO BRASIL DE 2013 A 2022
Authors: Quirino Ana Luiza Santos , Costa Ketyllem Tayanne da Silva , Ferreira Amanda Gomes Lopes , Melo Evelin Beatriz Bezerra de , Andrade Fábia Barbosa de
Published: May 2024

Introdução: As doenças do sistema respiratório se mostram como uma das causas mais preocupantes de internações  hospitalares no país, ficando atrás  somente das  doenças  cardiovasculares. Nessa perspectiva, o perfil das internações por doenças respiratórias em crianças permite observar os parâmetros desta problemática, fornecendo um conhecimento amplo acerca do processo saúde e doença nessa população. Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico das internações hospitalares por causas do aparelho respiratório em crianças de 0 a 9 anos no Brasil e regiões, entre os anos de 2013 e 2022. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, de tendência temporal, realizado no Brasil, a partir de dados secundários do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares. A população escolhida para este estudo foram crianças de 0 a 9 anos de idade e o seu principal foco é o perfil das internações hospitalares de crianças no Brasil, por doenças respiratórias, nos últimos 10 anos. Os dados foram coletados em 26 de novembro de 2022. As variáveis dependentes do estudo são as internações de crianças de 0 a 9 anos por doenças do aparelho respiratório no Brasil e suas regiões. Já, como variáveis independentes, tem-se o tempo, do período de janeiro de 2013 a setembro de 2022, regiões e faixa etária. Resultados: Há uma tendência de queda das internações por causa respiratória até o ano de 2016, seguido de um crescimento gradativo até 2019. Entretanto, em 2020, a taxa de hospitalização reduziu drasticamente em todas as localidades. As regiões Sul, Norte e Centro-Oeste permaneceram com taxas maiores que o Brasil em todo o período estudado. A internação em menores de 1 ano representa o maior quantitativo de internações sendo a pneumonia a causa mais prevalente. Conclusões: As taxas de internação infantil por doenças respiratórias representam importante preocupação para saúde pública. Assim, destaca-se a relevância da efetividade da Atenção Primária à Saúde, que possui grande impacto no desfecho dos adoecimentos em crianças, especialmente das doenças respiratórias.
MORTALIDADE POR VIOLÊNCIA AUTOPROVOCADA EM MULHERES EM IDADE FÉRTIL NO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE
Authors: Bezerra Aline Patrícia dos Santos , Veloso Maria Mônica de Oliveira , Mendes Tatiana de Medeiros Carvalho , Oliveira Ângelo Giuseppe Roncalli da Costa , Amorim Karla Patrícia Cardoso , Castro Janete Lima de , Mendonça Ana Elza Oliveira de , Andrade Fábia Barbosa de
Published: May 2024

Introdução: A violência autoprovocada é um importante problema de saúde pública. Esse agravo produz impactos no campo da saúde do indivíduo, da família e da coletividade com desdobramentos sociais e econômicos. Objetivo: Analisar a mortalidade por violência autoprovocada em mulheres em idade fértil no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, entre os anos de 2012 e 2021. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico com abordagem quantitativa e utiliza-se como base o estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Os dados foram coletados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde, por meio das Informações em Saúde, nas seções de estatísticas vitais e população residente com a seleção sexo feminino e faixa etária de 10 a 49 anos. Resultados: Entre os anos de 2012 a 2021, no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, foram registrados 213 óbitos de mulheres em idade fértil por lesões autoprovocadas. Considerando o início e o final desse período, é possível destacar que a faixa etária de maior ocorrência de suicídio foi de 30 a 39 anos em 2012 e de 40 a 49 anos em 2021. Observou-se, nos anos avaliados, que as mulheres eram em sua maioria solteiras, de raça parda/preta e que a própria residência da vítima foi o local predominante para o desfecho da lesão autoprovocada. No que se refere à escolaridade e à relação do óbito com período de gravidez ou puerpério é preciso ressaltar o alto índice de “Não informada” e “Ignorada” nos registros. A taxa média de mortalidade por lesões autoprovocadas em mulheres em idade fértil entre 2012 e 2021 foi de 2,0 óbitos por cada 100.000 habitantes. Conclusões: Assim, conclui-se que o cenário da mortalidade por violência autoprovocada em mulheres em idade fértil no Rio Grande do Norte necessita de estratégias para prevenção do suicídio nessa faixa etária.
REANATOMIZAÇÃO ESTÉTICA DOS DENTES ANTERIORES COM RESINA COMPOSTA: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Bessa Carolina Feitosa Chianca , Durão Márcia de Almeida
Published: May 2024

Introdução: A alta busca por tratamentos estéticos levou a indústria odontológica a aprimorar suas técnicas e desenvolver materiais com novas características que possibilitam a mimetização da estrutura dental, associando alta qualidade estética à saúde. Para isso, é necessário uma anamnese detalhada e exame físico intra e extrabucal, análise morfológica dos dentes e da face, para que a reabilitação proposta seja adequada. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é descrever um caso clínico de reanatomização dos elementos dentais anteriores superiores, por meio de restaurações diretas em resina composta, restabelecendo a estética e função da paciente. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, 19 anos, procurou a Clínica Escola da Faculdade de Odontologia do Recife - FOR relatando insatisfação com seu sorriso e declarou não estar disposta a se submeter a um tratamento ortodôntico. Ao realizar o exame clínico, observou-se que havia desalinhamento dos elementos dentários ântero-superiores. Após a realização do enceramento diagnóstico e validação da mesma através do mockup com resina bisacrílica, optou-se por realizar a reanatomização estética com resina composta nanohíbrida, de forma conservadora, ou seja, sem desgastar os dentes em questão. Conclusão: As etapas do planejamento foram fundamentais para maior previsibilidade e obtenção do excelente resultados. Os materiais e técnicas selecionados para realização dos procedimentos aliaram características de resistência e estética, visando maior longevidade.
AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DO ACESSO NA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA EM UMA REGIÃO DE SAÚDE DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE
Authors: Silva Ryvea Paarmennedys Fernandes , Pellense Marcia Cunha da Silva
Published: May 2024

Introdução: Entre os desafios para se alcançar o cuidado integral está o acesso às unidades básicas, que não ocorre com tanta facilidade como deveria, caracterizando-se como uma grande dificuldade para os gestores municipais. O Programa de Melhoria ao Acesso e Qualidade de Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB), teve como objetivo incentivar a ampliação do acesso e melhorar a qualidade da atenção básica, garantindo um padrão de qualidade comparável nacionalmente, regionalmente e local de maneira a permitir maior transparência e efetividade das ações governamentais relacionadas a atenção básica.  Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade da atenção básica dos municípios da 6ª região de saúde, na perspectiva do acesso aos serviços de saúde. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa avaliativa, com abordagem quantitativa. Foram utilizados dados secundários extraídos dos relatórios analíticos disponibilizados publicamente. A coleta dos dados ocorreu no período de março a maio de 2020. As informações foram organizadas a partir da elaboração de um protocolo de pesquisa contendo a  dimensão: acesso.  Resultados: Em relação ao acolhimento realizado pela equipe 34 equipes não realizavam classificação de risco e 44 não realizavam acolhimento durante todo o funcionamento, no funcionamento da UBS 14 equipes não funcionavam regularmente, os indicadores de consulta médicas mostram que 18 equipes não apresentaram resultados para os cálculos e não realizavam consultas médicas essenciais, em relação a marcações de consultas 40 equipes não agendavam consultas durante todo o horário e 60 equipes não organizavam filas para distribuir senhas, na organização da agenda 37 equipes não realizava todas as ações essenciais e apenas 9 equipes mostram realizar completamente todos as dimensões analisadas. Conclusões: Dentre as fragilidades avaliadas pelos profissionais da UBS estão as relacionadas a marcação de consultas, visto que a equipe organiza filas para a distribuição de senhas e o fato do acolhimento à demanda espontânea não ocorrer durante todo o funcionamento da unidades
EVIDÊNCIAS CLÍNICAS DO USO DE PLANTAS MEDICINAIS E FITOTERÁPICOS NA CICATRIZAÇÃO DE FERIDAS CUTÂNEAS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Évili da Silva Talita , Germano Cidrack do Vale Clara Maria , Silva de Brito Teresinha
Published: May 2024

Introdução: Plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos são tradicionalmente utilizados na cicatrização de diversos tipos de feridas. Muitas plantas contêm compostos bioativos com propriedades anti-inflamatórias, antimicrobianas e cicatrizantes. Objetivo: Reunir evidências clínicas do uso de plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Os estudos foram coletados das bases de dados MEDLINE/PubMed e LILACS, utilizando como estratégia de busca os termos ((Wound Healing) ou (Inflammation)) e ((Medicinal Plants) ou (Phytotherapy)) com recorte temporal de 2011 a 2021. Resultados: 15 estudos foram incluídos na revisão. A maioria dos estudos foram do tipo ensaio clínico controlado randomizado. Foi investigada a eficácia de 15 espécies medicinais para o tratamento de feridas agudas e crônicas, sendo as mais recorrentes queimaduras de segundo grau, úlceras crônicas e feridas cirúrgicas. As espécies medicinais que apresentaram melhores resultados foram babosa (Aloe vera), centela (Centella asiatica), beldroega (Portulaca oleraceae), Arnebia euchroma, hipérico (Hypericum perforatum) e mil-folhas (Achillea millefolium), melhorando critérios como eritema, edema, tempo de re-epitelização, tempo de cicatrização e a aparência geral da ferida. Conclusões: Plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos apresentam eficácia no processo de cicatrização, sendo, portanto, alternativa terapêutica para o tratamento de feridas cutâneas.
Trihaloisocyanuric Acids: Useful Reagents for Halogenation Reactions and
Heterocyclic Scaffold Construction
Authors: de Mattos Marcio C.S.
Published: May 2024

Trihaloisocyanuric acids [1,3,5-trihalo-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-(1H,3H,5H)-triones]
are commercially available or easily prepared solids. They are highly reactive, stable, easily
handled, and have an excellent atom economy, transferring up to three halogen atoms to
organic substrates. In these regards, the present review summarizes their synthetic applications
as safe and convenient reagents. Therefore, electrophilic halogenation reactions of
alkenes, alkynes, arenes, heteroarenes, carbonyl compounds, and heteroatoms, as well as
radical halogenation involving saturated substrates and in situ halogenated intermediates for
Appel-type reactions are presented and discussed. Remarkably, applications of trihaloisocyanuric
acids in processes for the construction of heteroarene scaffolds based on electrophilic
halo- and oxidative cyclization, multicomponent reactions, and telescopic reactions are also
given.
A Biodegradable Nano-Drug Delivery Platform for Co-Delivery of Minocycline and Chitosan to Achieve Efficient and Safe Non-Surgical Periodontitis Therapy
Authors: Yang Jinxin , Mou Jie , Ding Kexin , Zhu Shaoyue , Sun Zhe , Cui Yawen , Meng Sihan , Qiang Guowei , Zhong Weisen , Liu Zongxiang
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) are widely used as ideal nanovehicles
for the delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs. However, the balance between high anti-periodontitis
activity and low biotoxicity has been challenging to maintain in most relevant studies owing
to the slow degradation of silica in living organisms.

Method:

In this study, -responsive hydroxyapatite (HAP) was doped into the MSN skeleton, and
the chemotherapeutic drug minocycline hydrochloride (MH) was loaded into the pores of MSN,
forming a negatively charged drug delivery system. Cationic chitosan (COS) is a biodegradable
material with high antibacterial performance and good biosafety. In this study, COS was immobilized
on the surface of the drug-loaded particles through stable charge interaction to construct a
composite drug delivery system (MH@MSNion@COS).

Results:

In vitro and cellular experiments demonstrated effective degradation of the nanocarrier
system and synchronized controlled release of the drug. Notably, compared with single MH administration,
this system, in which MH and COS jointly regulated the expression levels of periodontitis-
associated inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and iNOS), better inhibited the progress
of periodontitis and induced tissue regeneration without showing significant toxic side effects in
cells.

Conclusion:

This system provides a promising strategy for the design of intelligent, efficient, and
safe anti-periodontitis drug delivery systems.
Endothelial versus Metabolic Insulin Resistance, A Descriptive Review
Authors: Chen Xiaohui , Yao Huajie , Lai Jiaqi , Chen Yanmei , Li Xiaodong , Li Shanshan , Li Ling , He Fazhong
Published: May 2024

:

Cardiovascular complications are a primary focus in the clinical management of
type 2 diabetes, as they are the leading causes of disability and mortality in individuals with diabetes.
Insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction commonly coexist in diabetic patients.
An increasing body of research indicates a reciprocal and interconnected association between
endothelial function and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance can manifest in two distinct
forms: endothelial and metabolic, with the former predominantly affecting vascular endothelial
cells and the latter primarily impacting peripheral cells. The understanding of endothelial insulin
resistance is crucial in comprehending the pathophysiology of cardiovascular complications
in type 2 diabetes. Hence, the objective of this study is to examine the correlations, interplays,
and molecular pathways linking endothelial insulin resistance and metabolic insulin resistance,
with the aim of offering novel insights and scholarly resources for the prevention and management
of diabetic vascular complications.