bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXPERIMENTAL AND OPTIMIZATION-BASED ANALYSIS TO MAXIMIZE MECHANICAL-RELATED ATTRIBUTES OF FRICTION STIR WELDED CDA101 CU ALLOY JOINTS
Authors: ANIL BASHA K. , SEVVEL P. , VASANTHE ROY J. , YOKESH KUMAR B.
Published: August 2024

This paper deals with the identification of optimized process parameters for FSW of 6[Formula: see text]mm thick CDA 101 Cu alloy plates. Three distinctive parameters, the tool’s traverse speed, rotational speed, axial load, have been considered as self-reliant variables for formulating a numerical model based on nonlinear regression-type approach, with the objective of anticipating mechanical attributes of joints. From the surface- and contour-type plots, it was revealed that the axial load in combination with rotational speed has played a dominant role in influencing the tensile and yield strength of the CDA101 Cu alloy joints. At the same time, the traverse speed of the tool has played a dominant role in enhancing the ductility of the CDA101 joints through the generation of ample volumes of frictional heat, which in turn have facilitated both coarsening of grain structures and softening of materials in an ideal manner. Employing tool rotational speed, traverse speed and axial load in the ranges of 1750–1900[Formula: see text]rpm, 23–27[Formula: see text]mm/min and 5.75–6.5[Formula: see text]kN, respectively, was found to enhance the tensile strength of the CDA101 Cu alloy joints. FSW process parameters attained through the numerical meta-model of RSM have led to the attainment of the highest value of tensile strength of 209.5[Formula: see text]MPa together with a 141.4[Formula: see text]MPa yield strength with very minimal fitting errors of 0.28% and 0.52%, respectively. A collection of additional experimental data has been employed to verify the formulated empirical-based formula and additionally, an entirely different optimization technique namely PSO (i.e. particle swarm optimization) was implemented for comparison and validation purposes. The formulated meta-model of RSM generated the largest value of % of elongation of 14.23%, though the relative percent error was around 1.988%, which was slightly larger than that of the value (i.e. 14.11%) generated by PSO, with a relative error of 0.58%.
STUDY ON THE PROPERTIES OF DIAMOND FILMS ON CEMENTED CARBIDE SUBSTRATES BY SURFACE IMPLANTATION PRETREATMENT PROCESS
Authors: HU J. , TIAN S.
Published: August 2024

The deposition of diamond films on tungsten carbide-based tools can greatly improve the life and performance of cutting tools. However, the deposition of diamond coatings on cemented carbide (WC-Co) suffers from poor film-base bond strength. In this paper, diamond coatings were deposited of phytocrystalline metal micropowders (pure, Nb, Ti, Ta) pretreatment method and the properties of diamond films were analyzed by energy spectrometry (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy and bonding strength test of diamond films. The results show that through the experiment of the pretreatment process of surface implanted crystal metal micropowder, the best implanted crystal metal micropowder was obtained, the surface quality of implanted crystal titanium (Ti) coating was improved, the diamond Raman peaks were sharp and the indentation cracks had a crack diameter of 389 [Formula: see text]m, which is small and has the highest bond strength. The pretreatment process of phytocrystalline diamond micropowder can deposit high-performance diamond coatings and improve the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate film base.
ROLE OF POSTOPERATIVE CT SCAN IN ASSESSING SYNDESMOTIC REDUCTION IN ANKLE INJURIES
Authors: Sathikumar Aravind Sai , Kumar C. Vinay , Shetty Vikram , Shetty Siddharth M.
Published: August 2024

Background: Accurate syndesmotic reduction is necessary for achieving joint congruity and better functional outcomes. Radiographs alone don’t suffice, and CT scans are required for the evaluation of postoperative syndesmotic reduction.

Methods: All patients who underwent ankle syndesmotic reduction and fixation from December 2019 to July 2021 were taken into the study. Predefined measurements were taken in postoperative radiographs and axial CT images were taken postoperatively. Sensitivity and specificity of X-rays when compared to CT scan were evaluated.

Results: Twenty eight patients were included in the study and 13 cases were found to have syndesmotic malreduction in radiographs as per TCS and TFO in AP view and TFO and MCS measurements in mortise view. Five out of 28 cases were found to have syndesmotic malreduction in CT axial cuts as per standard anterior and posterior measurements. Hence 17.85% cases were malreduced in our study as per the gold standard (CT scan). The incidence of syndesmotic malreduction after fixation was 17.85%. Radiographs had a sensitivity of 60% and specificity of 56.5% in detecting malreduction.

Conclusion: CT scan is necessary to accurately diagnose syndesmotic malreduction after open reduction and internal fixation of ankle fractures with associated syndesmotic injuries.
LANDMARK PALPATION WITH VIDEO ANNOTATION TOOL FOR MEASURING SCAPULAR DYSKINESIS: AN INTRA-TESTER RELIABILITY STUDY
Authors: Sungkue Sumarttra , Sakulsriprasert Prasert , Vongsirinavarat Mantana , Jensen Mark P.
Published: August 2024

Purpose: Most shoulder pathologies are associated with altered scapular kinematics which is mentioned as scapular dyskinesis. Scapular mobility, especially in upward rotation, measurement is essential for diagnosis and treatment. Easy-to-use, clinically applicable 2-dimensional (2-D) measurements would show excellent intra-tester reliability. To quantify intra-tester reliability for measuring scapular upward rotation in individuals with scapular dyskinesias, the landmark palpation with a video annotation tool was used.

Methods: Ten participants with scapular dyskinesis were recruited. Scapular upward rotation was measured at rest, 30°, 60°, 90°, and 120° of humeral elevation in the coronal plane both raising and lowering phases. Two trials were conducted for each arm position randomly, and an assessor took the pictures throughout. The video annotation tool (2-D Kinovia program) was used for measuring scapular upward rotation angles between days. The intra-tester reliability of scapular upward rotation was calculated.

Results: This measurement technique demonstrated excellent intra-tester reliability (ICC[Formula: see text] = 0.98), range 0.96–0.99, and standard error of measurement was less than 1°.

Conclusions: The findings demonstrated that using this technique to measure scapular upward rotation was reliable in subjects with scapular dyskinesis.
Detection and Classification of Network Traffic in Bot Network Using Deep Learning
Authors: Srinarayani K. , Padmavathi B. , Datchanamoorthy Kavitha , Saraswathi T. , Maheswari S. , Vincy R. Fatima
Published: August 2024

One of the most dangerous threats to computer networks is the use of botnets, which can seriously harm systems and steal private data. They are remote-controlled networks of compromised computers that an individual or group of individuals is using for malicious purposes. These infected computers are frequently called “bots” or “zombies”. A wide variety of malicious activities, including the distribution of malware and credential theft, can be carried out using botnets. The CTU-13 dataset is a collection of network traffic information that includes examples of various botnet types. Using this, our study compares the abilities of decision trees, random forests, 1D convolutional neural networks, and a proposed system based on long short-term memory and residual neural networks to detect botnets. According to our findings, the suggested system performs better than every other algorithm, achieving a higher accuracy rate. Our suggested system has the ability to precisely identify botnet traffic patterns, which can assist organisations in proactively preventing botnet attacks.
Super-resolution microscopy: Shedding new light on blood cell imaging
Authors: Deng Huan , Ma Yan , Zhang Yu-Hui
Published: August 2024

Blood cells are the most integral part of the body, which are made up of erythrocytes, platelets and white blood cells. The examination of subcellular structures and proteins within blood cells at the nanoscale can provide valuable insights into the health status of an individual, accurate diagnosis, and efficient treatment strategies for diseases. Super-resolution microscopy (SRM) has recently emerged as a cutting-edge tool for the study of blood cells, providing numerous advantages over traditional methods for examining subcellular structures and proteins. In this paper, we focus on outlining the fundamental principles of various SRM techniques and their applications in both normal and diseased states of blood cells. Furthermore, future prospects of SRM techniques in the analysis of blood cells are also discussed.
AquaFly Project: Autonomous Multi-Drone Water Sampling with a Payload Deployment and Retraction Mechanism
Authors: Massoum Seyedreza Fattahi , Feng Cindi , Liu Hugh H.-T.
Published: August 2024

The AquaFly project is a research collaboration between the Flight Systems and Control (FSC) Laboratory at the University of Toronto Institute for Aerospace Studies (UTIAS) and Queen’s University Biology Department in Canada to offer a fast, reliable, and efficient method of sampling water bodies by using autonomous Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS). To this end, two UAS are custom-designed and flown for autonomous water sampling, incorporating an octocopter configuration and a ratchet and pawl mechanism for retracting and releasing payloads. This design offers easy-to-use and safe deployment and retraction without continuous motor engagement while eliminating load swinging and the risk of instability by positioning the sampler close to the drone’s center of mass. Furthermore, the system enables autonomous water sampling in remote or inaccessible areas with pre-programmed flight paths and sampling locations, ensuring consistent data collection. The sampling mechanism allows controlled retrieval and release of payloads and further facilitates multi-drone operations to support a variety of sampling missions. This innovative UAS has the potential to revolutionize water sampling and enhance efficiency and safety in environmental monitoring, research, and resource management. Flight tests over several water bodies demonstrate successful simultaneous water sampling missions with two UAS. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first work to include multiple UAS, each equipped with a payload deployment and retraction mechanism, for autonomous water sampling.
Numerical Investigation for a Two-Dimensional Moving Flapping Wing
Authors: Hussien Hussien A. A. H. , Guaily Amr Gamal , Abdel Rahman Mohamed M.
Published: August 2024

The aerodynamic performance of a moving flapping wing is investigated numerically using a fluid–solid interaction model. The flow field is assumed to be two-dimensional, viscous, unsteady, and incompressible. Galerkin-least/squares finite element method is used to account for the convective nature of the flow field. The flow solver is coupled with the rigid body equations of motion describing the movement of the flapping wing. An interface-capturing technique is developed and tailored to the present model to capture the flapping wing during its movement. The developed algorithm is validated against published data with a great degree of success. Then, simulations for a flapping wing with a stationary center of gravity and free center of gravity motion, are performed. This is followed by a parametric study through which the effects of the wing’s initial position, maximum flapping angle, Reynolds number, the mass of the wing, the gravitational acceleration, and the critical frequency for each Reynolds number are studied. Finally, the voluntary vertical takeoff of a fruit fly, Drosophila Melanogaster is simulated using the proposed model.
Enhanced Conflict Avoidance and Dynamic Path Replanning for Multi-UAVs through MILP with Real-Time Speed and Heading Angle Control
Authors: Liu Xiaoqin , He Bin , Xiao Gang
Published: August 2024

Multi-UAVs operations encounter significant challenges in conflict avoidance and dynamic path replanning, which are crucial for ensuring safety and mission efficiency. To address these challenges, we propose a novel approach using Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) to optimize UAV flight paths through real-time control of speed and heading angles. Our method formulates conflict resolution as an optimal control problem, aiming to minimize adjustments while satisfying constraints such as minimum separation distances, speed limits, and heading angle limits. The MILP algorithm significantly enhances operational efficiency by reducing conflict-related delays and improving mission completion rates. The effectiveness and practicality of the proposed method are validated by integrating speed and heading angle controls, demonstrating enhanced operational efficiency and cost-effectiveness in complex UAV environments.
Attitude Tracking Control for VTOL Aircraft with Uncertain Disturbances based on Adaptive Neural Network ADRC Method
Authors: Yang Xianhao , Deng Xiongfeng
Published: August 2024

In this paper, the problem of attitude tracking control for a class of vertical take-off landing (VTOL) aircraft in the presence of uncertain disturbances is addressed. The active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) method is utilized to address uncertain disturbances, while the radial basis function (RBF) neural network is considered for handling unknown nonlinear dynamics. By incorporating a modified tracking differentiator, a nonlinear state error feedback controller, and an extended state observer, the disturbance observation problem in the aircraft system is solved. These disturbances, seen as a combined disturbance in the aircraft system, are counteracted through the extended state observer. Furthermore, the unknown nonlinear dynamics within the aircraft system are approximated using the RBF neural network. Subsequently, the paper suggests adaptive ADRC strategies based on neural network and formulates adaptive control laws to estimate unknown parameters. The Lyapunov stability theory proves the effectiveness of the proposed control strategies. The simulation results show that the attitude tracking control problem of VTOL aircraft can be achieved under the proposed control strategies and adaptive control laws.
The Politics of Social Policy Implementation: The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) and Uneven Development in India
Authors: BAIK JONGWAN
Published: August 2024

Since the onset of the twenty-first century, India has initiated various social welfare programs to provide social protection for the people who have been marginalized from the formal social safety net. Since 2005, legislation has granted a series of social rights to marginalized rural households. Among these rights-based welfare programs, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) stands out as the flagship initiative of India’s new welfare system. It has targeted marginalized informal rural households, who have not enjoyed the fruits of the social safety net, by formally granting them the right to employment. It has also incorporated new governance ideas such as a demand-driven approach, decentralized implementation, and social audit to increase accountability and transparency. The MGNREGA has emerged as the largest social welfare scheme in terms of budget allocation and coverage, yielding positive outcomes such as increased beneficiary incomes, advancement of gender equality, and creation of assets in rural areas. Nonetheless, despite the expansion of the MGNREGA all over India, policy outcomes have been uneven between the states in terms of participation rates, the relationship between poverty level and participation, and cumulative average person-days per household. This prompts the question: why does the MGNREGA produce superior policy outcomes in certain states but not in others? By delving into the politics surrounding policy implementation at the local level, this paper argues that the degree of goal congruence between policy implementers shapes divergent policy outcomes.
Data from Targeting GPC2 on Intraocular and CNS Metastatic Retinoblastomas with Local and Systemic Delivery of CAR T Cells
Authors: Pascual-Pasto Guillem , McIntyre Brendan , Giudice Anna M. , Alikarami Fatemeh , Morrissey Amanda , Matlaga Stephanie , Hofmann Ted J. , Burgueño Victor , Harvey Kyra , Martinez Daniel , Shah Amish C. , Foster Jessica B. , Pogoriler Jennifer , Eagle Ralph C. , Carcaboso Angel M. , Shields Carol L. , Leahey Ann-Marie , Bosse Kristopher R.
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurpose:
Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular malignancy in children. Although new chemotherapeutic approaches have improved ocular salvage rates, novel therapies are required for patients with refractory intraocular and metastatic disease. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting glypican-2 (GPC2) are a potential new therapeutic strategy.
Experimental Design:
GPC2 expression and its regulation by the E2F1 transcription factor were studied in retinoblastoma patient samples and cellular models. In vitro, we performed functional studies comparing GPC2 CAR T cells with different costimulatory domains (4-1BB and CD28). In vivo, the efficacy of local and systemic administration of GPC2 CAR T cells was evaluated in intraocular and leptomeningeal human retinoblastoma xenograft models.
Results:
Retinoblastoma tumors, but not healthy retinal tissues, expressed cell surface GPC2, and this tumor-specific expression was driven by E2F1. GPC2-directed CARs with 4-1BB costimulation (GPC2.BBz) were superior to CARs with CD28 stimulatory domains (GPC2.28z), efficiently inducing retinoblastoma cell cytotoxicity and enhancing T-cell proliferation and polyfunctionality. In vivo, GPC2.BBz CARs had enhanced persistence, which led to significant tumor regression compared with either control CD19 or GPC2.28z CARs. In intraocular models, GPC2.BBz CAR T cells efficiently trafficked to tumor-bearing eyes after intravitreal or systemic infusions, significantly prolonging ocular survival. In central nervous system (CNS) retinoblastoma models, intraventricular or systemically administered GPC2.BBz CAR T cells were activated in retinoblastoma-involved CNS tissues, resulting in robust tumor regression with substantially extended overall mouse survival.
Conclusions:
GPC2-directed CAR T cells are effective against intraocular and CNS metastatic retinoblastomas.
Transfer learning: classifying balanced and imbalanced fungus images using inceptionV3
Authors: Supriyadi Muhamad Rodhi , Alfin Muhammad Reza , Karisma Aulia Haritsuddin , Maulana Bayu Rizky , Pinem Josua Geovani
Published: August 2024

Identifying the genus of fungi is known to facilitate the discovery of new medicinal compounds. Currently, the isolation and identification process is predominantly conducted in the laboratory using molecular samples. However, mastering this process requires specific skills, making it a challenging task. Apart from that, the rapid and highly accurate identification of fungus microbes remains a persistent challenge. Here, we employ a deep learning technique to classify fungus images for both balanced and imbalanced datasets. This research used transfer learning to classify fungus from the genera Aspergillus, Cladosporium, and Fusarium using InceptionV3 model. Two experiments were run using the balanced dataset and the imbalanced dataset, respectively. Thorough experiments were conducted and model effectiveness was evaluated with standard metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. Using the trendline of deviation knew the optimum result of the epoch in each experimental model. The evaluation results show that both experiments have good accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. A range of epochs in the accuracy and loss trendline curve can be found through the experiment with the balanced, even though the imbalanced dataset experiment could not. However, the validation results are still quite accurate even close to the balanced dataset accuracy.
Video shot boundary detection based on frames objects comparison and scale-invariant feature transform technique
Authors: Ibrahim Noor Khalid , Abduljabbar Zinah Sadeq
Published: August 2024

The most popular source of data on the Internet is video which has a lot of information. Automating the administration, indexing, and retrieval of movies is the goal of video structure analysis, which uses content-based video indexing and retrieval. Video analysis requires the ability to recognize shot changes since video shot boundary recognition is a preliminary stage in the indexing, browsing, and retrieval of video material. A method for shot boundary detection (SBD) is suggested in this situation. This work proposes a shot boundary detection system with three stages. In the first stage, multiple images are read in temporal sequence and transformed into grayscale images. Based on correlation value comparison, the number of redundant frames in the same shots is decreased, from this point on, the amount of time and computational complexity is reduced. Then, in the second stage, a candidate transition is identified by comparing the objects of successive frames and analyzing the differences between the objects using the standard deviation metric. In the last stage, the cut transition is decided upon by matching key points using a scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT). The proposed system achieved an accuracy of 0.97 according to the F-score while minimizing time consumption.
Clustering of uninhabitable houses using the optimized apriori algorithm
Authors: Al-Khowarizmi Al-Khowarizmi , Nasution Marah Doly , Sary Yoshida , Bela Bela
Published: August 2024

Clustering is one of the roles in data mining which is very popularly used for data problems in solving everyday problems. Various algorithms and methods can support clustering such as Apriori. The Apriori algorithm is an algorithm that applies unsupervised learning in completing association and clustering tasks so that the Apriori algorithm is able to complete clustering analysis in Uninhabitable Houses and gain new knowledge about associations. Where the results show that the combination of 2 itemsets with a tendency value for Gas Stove fuel of 3 kg and the installed power meter for the attribute item criteria results in a minimum support value of 77% and a minimum confidence value of 87%. This proves that a priori is capable of clustering Uninhabitable Houses to help government work programs.
Smart irrigation system using node microcontroller unit ESP8266 and Ubidots cloud platform
Authors: Sutikno Tole , Wahyudi Ahmad Nur , Wahono Tri , Arsadiando Watra , Purnama Hendril Satrian
Published: August 2024

The agricultural irrigation system is extremely important. For optimal harvest yields, farmers must manage rice plant quality by monitoring water, soil, and temperature on agricultural fields. If market demand rises, traditional rice field irrigation in Indonesia will make things harder for farmers. This modern era requires a system that lets farmers monitor and regulate agricultural fields anywhere, anytime. We need a solution that can control the irrigation system remotely using an internet of things (IoT) device and a smartphone. This study employed the Ubidots IoT cloud platform. In addition, the study uses soil moisture and temperature sensors to monitor conditions in agricultural regions, while pumps function as irrigation systems. The test results indicate the proper design of the system. Each trial collected data. The pump will turn on and off automatically based on soil moisture criteria, with the pump active while the soil moisture is less than 20% and deactivated when the soil moisture exceeds 20%. In simulation mode, the pump operates for an average of 0–5 seconds of watering. The monitoring system shows the current soil temperature and moisture levels. Temperature sensors respond in 1-3 seconds, whereas soil moisture sensors respond in 0–4 seconds.
The best machine learning model for fraud detection on e-platforms: a systematic literature review
Authors: Yussiff Alimatu – Saadia , Prikutse Lemdi Frank , Asuah Georgina , Yussiff Abdul – Lateef , Tetteh Emmanuel Dortey , Ibrahim Norshahila , Wan Ahmad Wan Fatimah
Published: August 2024

The internet has been instrumental in the development and facilitation of online payment systems. However, its associated fraudulent activities on e-platforms cannot be overlooked. As a result, there has been a growing interest in the application of machine learning (ML) algorithms for fraud detection on financial e-platforms. The goal of this research is to identify common types of fraud on financial e-platform, highlight different machine learning algorithms employed in fraud detection, and derive the best machine learning algorithms for fraud detection on e-platforms. To achieve this goal, the research followed a nine steps systematic review approach to retrieve Journals and conference publications from science direct, Google Scholar and IEEE Xplore between 2018 and 2023. Out of 2,071 articles identified and screened, 44 publications (23 articles and 21 conference proceedings) satisfied the inclusion criteria for further analysis. The random forest algorithm turned out to be the best ML algorithm because it ranked first in the frequency of usage analysis and ranked first in the performance analysis with an average accuracy of 96.67%. Overall, this review has identified the kinds of fraud on financial e-platforms, and proclaimed the best and least ML algorithm for fraud detection on financial e-platform. This can help guide future research and inform the development of more effective fraud detection systems.
Correlation of physical activity with cognition and mental health in medical students
Authors: Riskawati Yhusi Karina , Rastramadhani Faresa Aulia , Mulyani Henny , Rindradi Ridha Saniyyah , Mahendra Muhammad Isa , Indradmojo Christyaji , Nur Aswaty
Published: August 2024

Low physical activity increases the number of non-communicable diseases. This phenomenon occurs in medical students. This study aimed to determine the correlation between sedentary behavior and physical activity on cognition, mental health, cortisol, and brain derived neurotropic factor (BDNF). Using a cross-sectional design of observational study, eighty-six medical students were involved in this study. The subjects were interviewed to assess cognitive function and depression levels. Saliva was taken to measure cortisol and BDNF level. Bivariate analysis was performed using the Spearman test. Depression is the only variable that correlates significantly with habitual physical activity (p=0.025, r=-0.214). Sedentary behavior has a weak correlation with cognitive failure, anxiety, and depression ([p=0.046, r=0.216]; [p=0.039, r=0.223]; [p=0.011, r=0.273]). The results found that high physical activity improves mental health and cognition. This study suggested that physical activity can alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety among medical students.
Cross-culture adaptation and validation of Indonesian language version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
Authors: Fauzi Achmad , Ahmedy Fatimah , Rosidah Rosidah
Published: August 2024

Hemodialysis (HD) patients have a high rate of poor sleep. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is the most popular self-reported instrument to measure sleep quality. No study has tested the psychometric efficiency of the Bahasa (Indonesian language) PSQI in hemodialysis (HD) patients, and no cross-cultural adaptation has been done. The purpose of this research was to translate the PSQI into Bahasa and improve its psychometric properties for use in evaluating HD patients in Indonesia. This study used instrument translation, cultural adaptation, content validation, and equivalence to crossculturally validate and adapt an instrument. The hemodialysis center at a West Java medical facility served as a source of potential HD patients throughout the period of October 2022 to February 2023. A content validity index (CVI) was calculated for each item and the entire scale. The factor structure of the Bahasa PSQI has been evaluated by confirmatory factor analysis and internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach's alpha. The online survey received a response rate of 62.8% from a total of 220 patient with HD (about ten responders each item). The level of language clarity was 87.8%, and the level of cultural relevance was 84.5%. The CVI varied from 0.92 to 1.00. Each factor had factor loading ranging from 0.51 to 0.62. that Cronbach alpha for total score was 0.803, and the subscale ranged from 0.771 to 0.863. Our research provides preliminary evidence of the validity and reliability of the translated and adapted tool using data from HD patients in Indonesian hospitals.
Risk factors and trends analysis of unwanted pregnancy in Indonesia
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi , Eryando Tris , Junadi Purnawan
Published: August 2024

Unwanted pregnancy has serious and adverse health, social, and economic impacts, as well as the risk of maternal and child mortality. In Indonesia, unwanted pregnancy is one of the most troubling public health problems and a major reproductive health problem. The sample consisted of 2002 (12,612), 2007 (14,471), 2012 (14,212), and 2017 (8,838), so the total sample was 50,233 couples of childbearing age by random sample method. This study was analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Unintended pregnancies were associated with maternal age, age at first marriage, number of children, maternal education, contraceptive use, contraceptive failure, residence, and the interval between pregnancies. Unwanted pregnancies at the mother's vulnerable age have increased over the past 10 years and decreased after entering the last 5 years, tend to be stable and constant at the age of first marriage. About one and a half women in Indonesia encounter unwanted pregnancies. Unwanted pregnancies fluctuate over 20 years. Women, especially the most vulnerable should be empowered to avoid unwanted pregnancies for their awareness and independence. Programs to expand access and quality of information and counseling centers, access and quality of women's health services, and specific reproductive health services as needed.
The effect of murottal Al-Quran therapy on pain intensity and oxygen saturation in active phase parting women
Authors: Yustiari Yustiari , Wahida Wahida , Anwar Khalidatul Khair , Naningsi Hasmia , Asi Melania , Saraswati Endah
Published: August 2024

Anxiety in women increases with the start of labor and has a negative impact on mothers and newborns. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of listening to murottal Al-Quran on increasing oxygen saturation and reducing pain in mothers in the active phase of labor. This research was quantitative research with a quasi-experimental design and a preexperimental design one-group pretest-posttest. This study was conducted at the Kendari City Hospital. The sample was determined as a total population, considering that the number of mothers during the first active phase was only 30. The data analysis technique in this study went through two calculation stages: the data normality test by Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Paired Sample Statistics, and all calculations using SPSS. The results of the statistical tests using the Wilcoxon test yielded a p-value of 0.000. Statistically, it can be concluded that there are differences in oxygen saturation values before and after the administration of murottal intervention. It was also found that 27 respondents experienced an increase in oxygen saturation after receiving murottal intervention. In conclusion, murottal intervention increased oxygen saturation.
Comparative analysis of deep learning models for various nonalcoholic fatty liver disease datasets
Authors: Srirama Murthy Konakanchi Venkata Subrahmanya , Shankar Reddy Shiva , Pradhan Samarendra Narayana , Mohanty Bhabodeepika , Rao Veeranki Venkata Rama Maheswara
Published: August 2024

Fatty liver disease is caused by increased liver buildup or weight above 5-10%. This disorder is widespread in people with diabetes, overweight persons, and metabolic syndrome patients. Clinical decision support systems can improve liver failure diagnosis and prediction to reduce this situation. Many liver failure models have drawbacks, and liver failure prediction is still a problem. This work uses four large open-access critical care patient datasets to create and verify liver failure risk prediction models. This study aims to construct a clinically applicable diagnostic and predictive model that evaluates the probability or risk of liver failure in intensive care unit (ICU) patients using extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), artificial neural networks (ANN), multi-layer perceptron (MLP), Modular Neural Network (MNN), and generalized feed forward (GFF). We evaluated performance metrics using these models: accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive accuracy.
A systematic review of multi-level intervention to enhance the quality of life patient with human immunodeficiency virus
Authors: Yuntari Gusti Ayu Krisma , Ady Wirawan I Made , Sri Budayanti Ni Nyoman , Arimbawa Putu Eka
Published: August 2024

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are still challenges worldwide. Improvement in quality of life (QoL) is crucial for HIV-infected people. The QoL of HIV-infected patients has been improved by the use of multilevel interventions in various circumstances. This study evaluates the evidence for interventions that target the quality of life of persons with HIV. A systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Science Direct, the Cochrane Library database, and Pubmed were also searched. Three independent reviewers extracted the data. Searches were conducted for articles published from 2013 to 2023. Searching procedures and data abstraction techniques were standardized. The 27 research examined the effects of interventions on HIVinfected people's quality of life. China is the most frequently mentioned country in the 27 studies, appearing as the setting in 8 (29.6%). Following South Africa (14.8%), New York (11.11%) and Kenya (7.4%) were the next most often mentioned countries. For analysis purposes, the interventions used in the 27 reviewed studies were classified into three main categories: individual intervention, family-community intervention, and health service intervention. Significant intervention innovations in quality-of-life research combining several interventions, including individual, family, community, and health system intervention, show the most promising results
Self-regulation and resilience: the role on active procrastination of young adults
Authors: Vincent Ivy Josiah , Law Mei-Yui , Chew Zariv Long-Kwan , Lai Chooi-Seong
Published: August 2024

Our current dynamic digital era has generated active procrastination which is a popular trend of behaviour among young adults. Deciphering this reckless habit reveals a fascinating truth in which active procrastination thrives on strategic planning for task completion. This study examined i) self-regulation and resilience as the significant predictors of active procrastination among young adults, ii) the significant difference in active procrastination among university students and working young adults, iii) significant gender differences among university students, and iv) among working young adults. A total of 192 respondents completed the questionnaires, Self-Regulation Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Active Procrastination Scale. Through quantile regression, results show that self-regulation is a significant predictor of active procrastination among young adults. Independent t-tests shows there is no significant differences in active procrastination among university students and working young adults. However, there are significant gender differences in active procrastination among university students, but not among working young adults. These findings indicate that self-regulation plays a significant role in cultivating active procrastinating among young adults. Furthermore, interesting findings are discovered for gender differences as males have relatively higher active procrastination scores. Hence, the findings emphasize the need for workshops to transform young adults to become active procrastinators through enhancing self-regulation.
Quality of life among physicians in Egypy and its influencing factors: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Abdelrahman Amira Ismail , Goda Nora Atef , Bendary Mohamed Mahmoud
Published: August 2024

Doctors have an essential role in healthcare service, and their quality of life (QoL) is crucial for their professional satisfaction and overall well-being. This study assessed the QoL among physicians and explored the influencing factors that affect it. This cross-sectional study was carried out using a self-administered Internet survey. The survey was focused on physicians employed at various hospitals and clinics in Egypt. Data on participants' demographics, work-related factors, and QoL were collected using WHOQOL-BREF. WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire measures a participant's perception of their life quality across various domains, including general health, physical well-being, psychological health, social relationships, and the environment. The scores for each domain are calculated based on participants' responses to specific items, with higher scores indicating a better QoL. The QoL scores were 3.57±1.02 for the general health domain, 12.93±2.49 for physical domain, 12.29±2.67 for psychological domain, 12.87±3.20 for social domain, and 11.00±2.58 for environmental domain. The overall QoL score was 3.64±0.835. The findings indicate a moderate QoL among the participating physicians. The physicians' QoL domains were affected by age, sex, education level, marital status, chronic disease, smoking, speciality, working hours per week, extra working hours, and work experience.
The influence of social support, perception, and maternal behavior in preventing stunting cases in Indonesia
Authors: Mindarsih Eko , Akhyar Muhammad , Wiboworini Budiyanti , Suminah Suminah
Published: August 2024

The research aims to analyze the simultaneous influence of social support, perception and maternal behaviour in preventing stunting cases in Indonesia. The research adopts the quantitative cross-sectional approach to provide an explanatory survey. The sample was taken based on proportional random sampling. A sample size of 220 pregnant women in the second and third trimesters participated in this study. The research instrument employed was a questionnaire, which underwent validation by 12 experts using Aiken's V content validity index. The collected data were analyzed utilizing the Lisrel program, employing multiple linear regression tests and structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis. The findings of this study revealed that the perception, social support, and behavior of pregnant women were reasonably categorized. Social support has a significant positive influence on perception. Social support and perception simultaneously have a significant positive influence on the behaviour of pregnant women. In conclusion, the behavior of pregnant women can be recommended as the solution in the primary prevention of stunting.
Nice couple, funny couple, happy couple: emotional intelligence, humor style, and relationship satisfaction
Authors: Sunil Niya Treza , Jegathesan Anasuya Jegathevi , Prihadi Kususanto Ditto
Published: August 2024

This study explores the interplay of emotional intelligence (EI), beneficial humor styles (BHS), and relationship satisfaction (RS) within romantic relationships. Drawing on the social exchange theory, it examines whether BHS mediate the relationship between EI and RS. Data was collected from individuals aged 18 to 65 in romantic relationships, and analyses were conducted using bootstrapping methods. Results reveal a significant positive direct effect of EI on RS. However, the mediation analysis suggests that BHS do not mediate the relationship between EI and RS, indicating that EI's impact on RS remains independent of humor styles. These findings underscore the distinct and substantial roles of EI and BHS in predicting RS. While both factors contribute to RS, they do so independently. This study enhances our understanding of the multifaceted factors influencing romantic relationship dynamics and highlights the importance of emotional intelligence and humor styles in fostering relationship satisfaction. Limitations include self-report measures and a limited age range, suggesting the need for further research to explore these dynamics across diverse populations.
Incidence of congenital hypothyroidism in special region of Yogyakarta in 2018-2020
Authors: Sabella Rahmawati Rhea , Ratnaningsih Tri , Windarwati Windarwati , Yudha Patria Suryono
Published: August 2024

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is an inadequate thyroid hormone in newborns and is one of the most common causes of preventable mental retardation. It is crucial to do CH screening in newborns aged a few days to detect early occurrences of CH so that intervention can be done immediately. Screening for CH was introduced in Indonesia in 2000, and by 2014, the percentage of newborns screened remained less than 1% of the total. The Special Region of Yogyakarta, one of Indonesia's provinces, has not been the subject of any research regarding the incidence of CH. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the incidence of CH in the Special Region of Yogyakarta during the period from 2018 to 2020. This study, conducted from January 2018 to December 2020, investigated CH incidence in Yogyakarta using data from 23,787 screened newborns. Nine were diagnosed with primary CH. Incidence of CH in this study was higher in males than females, small for gestational age (SGA) than appropriate for gestational age (AGA), and preterm than term, with no significant differences between the variables and CH incidence. Therefore, the incidence in the Special Region of Yogyakarta in 2018-2020 was found to be 1:2,643.
Correlation of climate factors and the number of SARS-CoV-2 cases at Semarang, Central Java
Authors: Maulana Mochamad Rizal , Sofyanita Eko Naning , Swastya Putri Adita Puspitasari
Published: August 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new type of coronavirus that has symptoms of acute respiratory distress in general. In more severe, it can cause kidney failure, pneumonia, and death. Environmental conditions that cannot be anticipated, such as climate factors, can have an impact on the transmission and survival of viruses, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) viruses, which are responsible for the emergence of respiratory diseases. This research is a quantitative study using an ecological approach with secondary data from the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (temperature, humidity, and precipitation), and SARS-CoV-2 cases were sourced from the Semarang City COVID-19 Task Force in 2021 were univariate and bivariate analyzing. The highest temperature average occurs in October (29.8 ⁰C), the humidity average occurs in February (91.4%), and the average precipitation occurs in February (1,130 mm). Analysis of the correlation found that there was a correlation between the SARS-CoV-2 cases with humidity (p=0.000; r=-0.245) and temperature (p=0.016; r=-0.127), but there was no correlation between precipitation (p=0.403; r=-0.044). Analysis of the influence of meteorological elements related to temperature, humidity, and precipitation on the incidence of COVID-19 in Semarang City in 2021, it can be concluded that there is correlation between temperature and humidity on COVID-19 cases except for precipitation.
Determinats factors self-management barriers: characteristics, spiritual well-being, and religiosity in type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Syabariyah Sitti , Dewi Inggriane Puspita , Lestari Ida Sri , Sajodin Sajodin , Suwandi Nur Rohmah
Published: August 2024

Holistic nursing needs to evaluate barriers to self-management, insight from characteristics, religiosity, and spiritual well-being to understand and address the multifaceted needs of individuals with chronic conditions, such as diabetes mellitus type 2. This study aimed to identify the determining factors that affect the barriers to self-management and the variables affecting them among Indonesian patients with T2DM. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 101 patients recruited via purposive sampling from March to May 2023. The research instruments used were the Spiritual Well-Being Scale, Islamic Religiosity Scale, and Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities. The potential multicollinearity effects among the predictors of the barriers to self-management were also evaluated using multiple linear stepwise regression and collinearity analysis of variable inflation factors (VIFs). Most of the respondents had moderate spiritual well-being (52.2%) and high Islamic religiosity (60.4%) but also had barriers to self-management (55%). The F value of 5.888 with a probability of 0.004 (<0.05) showed that based on their regression coefficients, spiritual well-being, and Islamic religiosity simultaneously affected the barriers to self-management by 10.7%. The determinants that were found to affect the barriers to self-management were spiritual well-being and religiosity. These results suggest that it is necessary to develop an intervention model to improve the self-management of T2DM with a holistic approach.
Risk analysis of adolescent sexual activity in college Surabaya, Indonesia: cross-sectional study
Authors: Qurniyawati Eny , Husnina Zida , Sari Jayanti Dian Eka , Azzahra Asma , Shabrina Izzah Nur , Kartika Prima , Gomaa Nasr Nayla Mohamed
Published: August 2024

Adolescence is characterized by active sexual hormones that can lead to sexual urges with the opposite sex. These urges, in turn, may trigger risky sexual behavior. College students, in a transitional period from adolescence to early adulthood, exhibit diversity in addressing sexual activity. This research aimed to analyze the risks associated with adolescent sexual activity in a college in Surabaya, Indonesia. The study utilizes a cross-sectional design with accidental sampling of active students aged 18-24 years. The total number of participants in this study was 221 people who filled out a questionnaire in the form of a Google Form, distributed through social media. The results show that, among all the factors identified, dating status has a significant relationship with PR 11.688 (95%CI 5.048-27.061) in engaging in risky sexual activities among adolescents. Reproductive health education at the university level is needed to reduce risky sexual activities among students.
Associated factors of non-recurrence stroke among stroke patients in Thailand
Authors: Padphai Isaree , Sripromsa Wanida , Sanchon Pawinee , Chotklang Duangruedee , Wijakkanalan Wiphada , Meelun Nitchakarn , Ladla Arinrada
Published: August 2024

Stroke is a silent killer. Preventing the recurrence of strokes is therefore essential. This study investigated i) the level of health literacy to prevent the recurrence of stroke, ii) factors associated with not having a stroke, and iii) Associations between health literacy and recurrence of stroke. This cross-sectional analytical research was conducted with 240 samples. Multiple logistic regression was performed to describe the factors and associations recurrence stroke. The results showed that the majority of the samples had a problematic level of health literacy to prevent recurrence stroke (52.08%), and 35.84% had recurrence stroke. Factor: Not drinking alcohol was 6.11 times more than drinking (adj. OR=6.11, 95% CI: 4.88 to 10.04). There was no recurrence of stroke with statistical significance at the 0.05 level. High understanding skill 4.43 times (adj. OR=4.43, 95% CI=3.44 to 5.58), and high apply skill 3.67 times (adj. OR=3.67, 95% CI=2.44 to 8.18) than low and moderate levels. Statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Per findings, health literacy should be actively promoted to prevent stroke recurrence.