bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE FORMATION OF INDEPENDENT THINKING IN TEENAGERS
Authors:   Senior Teacher Of The Department ", Berdimuratovna Kenjebaeva Klara ,   General Pedagogy And Psychology",   Nukus State Pedagogical Institute Named After Azhiniyaz, The Republic Of Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2023

This article covers the psychological aspects of transforming the independent thinking activity of adolescents into an active process. Also in the article, the means of popularizing the concepts of independence and creativism in adolescent thinking on the basis of what thought is, an adaptable view of the thought development in the life of a teenage personality, mutual strangeness with the image of today are shown.
PERSONIFICATION OF PATHOGEN IN CONVERSATION OF CONSOLIDATED SQUANDERING AND REMUNERATIVE ENLARGEMENT
Authors:   Department Of Medical And Health Sciences, Port Harcourt Rivers State, Nigeria, Fiddles Oniony
Published: April 2023

Consolidated squandering is biologically converted into value added products by physiological action of pathogen. These processes occur under controlled environmental condition. It could be in the form of submerged fermentation or as consolidated-state fermentation technology. Substrates used are mainly agricultural, industrial and domestic squandering. These squandering must possess qualities that will support microbial activities and are usually rich in carbohydrates, proteins, fats and oil. Pathogen used includes bacteria, mould, yeasts and fungi. These organisms are generally considered safe and can't cause harm to the consumers. Products, such as antibiotics, biogas, bifocal, biofertilizers, bioplastic, organic manure, organic acids, flavors, enzymes, etc are derived from squandering conversation. Conversation of consolidated squandering to value-added products has contributed immensely to the remunerative enlargement of the industrialized nations in area of job creation, income generation and in improving the standard of life through agriculture and industrial enlargement. It minimizes squandering generation and reduces the dimensions or land space used as landfill.
FEATURES AND METHODS OF FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT QUANTITATIVE AND NUMERICAL REPRESENTATIONS IN PRESCHOOLERS
Authors:   2 Year Students, Undergraduate Students Gulistаn State University, Uzbekistan, Odil Kizi Urolbaeva Shokhsanam
Published: April 2023

This topic asks students questions sensory basis in the formation of ideas about the multitude and number. Considering the features of development in children of ideas about number and natural series of numbers in the process of counting and measuring, students rely on knowledge of psychology and scientific research in this area. Get acquainted with the study of A.M. Leushina, who proposed the stages of development of counting activity in children. On visual material study the content and methods of formation counting and computing activities in preschoolers. Compare concepts of the national school and the views of foreign authors.
IT IS BETTER IF THERE IS A METHOD OF TEACHING ENGLISH IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors:   Academic Lyceum English Language Teachers, Navoi State Mining And Technology University, Uzbekistan, Faxriddinovna Esanova Nafosat , Malikovna Akabirova Kamola ,   Academic Lyceum English Language Teachers, Navoi State Mining And Technology University, Uzbekistan, Shokirovna Yakubova Kamola ,   Academic Lyceum English Language Teachers, Navoi State Mining And Technology University, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2023

This article contains information about the development of the methodology of teaching English in higher education institutions in our country, in particular, new methods of teaching English in higher education institutions, current shortcomings, and new proposals on teaching English in higher education institutions have also been given.
TRANSITION TO AUTONOMOUS MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN UZBEKISTAN – CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors:   Adjunct Professor, Webster University, Independent Phd Researcher, Uzbekistan, Khasanov Alisher
Published: April 2023

The paper looks at the reforms in higher education of Republic of Uzbekistan. In particular what measures have been taken to award a greater degree of academic and financial independence to move from centralized to autonomous management of HEIs. There are number of law and regulations have been put in place to support this change. The concept of corporate governance in higher education must be studied and implemented to ensure effective management of HEIs with the aim to improve and develop academic quality and strategic development.
SOCIAL-PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECTS OF IMPROVEMENT OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY IN UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Doctoral Student Of Navoi State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan, Kurbanovich Absobirov Samariddin
Published: April 2023

This article talks about the reforms being implemented in our country for the further development of science and innovative activities and state support.
LANGUAGE PLANNING PROPOSAL
Authors:   Kimyo International University In Tashkent, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Tulkinovna Djumayeva Guli
Published: April 2023

This article indicates some issues in increasing students' аbility to communicаte effectively in English using the lаnguаge specific to their professionаl fields by the time they graduate from university and reach B2. Also, the article demonstrates methods of the teachers as well as he aim of the curriculum. In addition, recommendations are provided in order to support students to achieve their goals.
THE WORD GLASS IN UZBEK IS A SPEECH GENRE SOCIOLINGUISTIC AND NATIONAL-CULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS
Authors:   Lecturer Andijan State Institute Of Foreign Languages, Uzbekistan, Anarboyeva Mahbuba
Published: April 2023

In social and official events popularized in foreign countries, there are social normative requirements specific to Europeans in the toasting ceremony. In this process, formal respect of people towards each other, friendship, cheerfulness, positive outlook on life, critical thinking, enjoyment of the time, giving people motivation for the future. , to speak nicely, to appreciate, to praise, to joke, to advise, to recommend, to have a good day, to remember the deceased, to remember, to wish good wishes, to form a positive personal attitude, to form a culture of beautiful and pleasant speech with the help of quotes, jokes, words of wisdom, philosophical thinking, it is understood and still exists in the sense of following the philosophical thoughts of famous people, philosophical approach to events and events, recognizing the good, showing the truth, giving spiritual comfort in bad situations, honoring the dead, singing freedom, striving for idealism, benevolence, glorifying beauty, recognizing achievements .
POINT OF VIEW IN JAY PARINI’S BIOGRAPHICAL NOVEL “THE LAST STATION”
Authors:   Bukhara State University Department Of English Literature, Uzbekistan, Feruza Xajieva , Nilufar Saidova ,   Ma Student Bukhara State University, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2023

This article investigates the biographical novel “The Last Station” by the American writer Jay Parini and focuses on reality and unreality in it. The relationship of literary characters to each other is observed from the point of view of each narrator. Also, the article shows some contradictions.
ON THE TYPES OF RESULTS STRUCTURES EXPRESSED BY A SECONDARY PREDICAT
Authors:   Doctor Of Philosophy (Ph.D.) Associate Professor In Philology Bukhara State Medical Institute, Head Of The English Language Department, Uzbekistan, Hasanovna Davlatova Muhayyo
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the result structure represented by secondary predicates. It is studied that the events expressed in the main predicate are analyzed from the point of view of meaning by highlighting them in the secondary predicate, and the secondary predicates mean the result and descriptive meanings. Effectiveness, in turn, is also associated with the static nature of the verb, where the static predicate forms an effective structure. The descriptive meaning expressed as part of a sentence is usually formed in certain semantic groups of a verb denoting a state, a change in state, an action. It is also noted that the descriptive expression is reflected in the description of the physical and psychological state of a person, expressed by the participle of a noun.
ANALYSIS OF SOME ASPECTS OF SMALL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Associate Professor Of Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Phd Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Abdilakimov Gofur
Published: April 2023

Small business and private entrepreneurship play an important role in the socio-economic development of all countries in the conditions of globalization taking place in the world today. In the current era of rapid changes, attention is being paid to business and entrepreneurship as one of the decisive, strategically important, priority areas of economic reforms. Because this industry is an industry that can quickly adapt to the demands and changes in the world and regional markets, and can quickly withstand the threats and negative consequences of the global financial and economic crisis. Today, 90% of businesses in developing countries are small and medium-sized enterprises, and they provide the opportunity to create more than 50% of jobs. Formally established small business enterprises account for 40% of the GDP of these countries. The World Bank estimates that by 2030, 600 million jobs will be needed to keep up with the growing population. This requires rapid development and institutional modernization of small business and private entrepreneurship. Therefore, this problem sets the task of expanding the scope of scientific research in this regard, introducing innovative technologies to the field on a large scale.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Assistant, Department Of Accounting And Audit, Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Uzbekistan, Asrorbek Bakhtiyorov
Published: April 2023

In the context of market relations to the system of financial management of enterprises, firms and partners, suggests a new approach. The economically independent and financially stable functioning of enterprises depends on a number of factors, such as the correct organization of management on them, the rational organization of production and service using existing capabilities, the use of scientific and technical innovations, new information technologies, the correct organization of financial management. At the same time, this article reflects on the prospects for the development of the financial management system in Uzbekistan, and also aims to reveal the features and principles of the financial management system
COMPARATIVE DESCRIPTION OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN OF JUNIOR SCHOOL AGE USING BODY WEIGHT, HEIGHT AND CHEST CIRCUMFERENCE INDICATORS
Authors:   Associate Professor, PhD in Biological Sciences, Andijan State University, Uzbekistan, Kholmirzaeva Madina A. , Kushaqboeva Mushtari A. ,   Researcher, Andijan State University, Uzbekistan, Alieva Rano A. ,   Researcher, Andijan State University, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2023

In this research work, the body weight (kg), height (cm) and chest circumference (cm) values of junior high school students (7-10 years old) in secondary schools located in some districts of Andijan region of the Republic of Uzbekistan were analyzed based on comparison. Generally accepted anthropometric research methods were used in the research. In the researches, it was found that body weight (kg), height (cm) and chest circumference index value (cm) increase in the age range of 7-10 years in secondary schools located in sub-mountainous climate-geographical zones. Based on the obtained results, it was noted that it is important to take into account the influence of factors related to climate-geographical conditions in the development of a complex of medical/pedagogical corrections and preventive measures in the development of anthropometric parameters for students of junior school age (ages 7-10).
PREDICTORS OF CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE AFTER BYPASS SURGERY
Authors:   Bukhara State Medical Institute Named After Abu Ali Ibn Sino, Republic Of Uzbekistan, Bukhara, Akhmedov A.T. , Narziev L.A. ,   Bukhara Regional Branch Of The Republican Specialized Scientific And Practical Center Of Cardiology, Republic Of Uzbekistan, Bukhara
Published: April 2023

The authors studied137 patients with coronary artery disease who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting under cardiopulmonary bypass. At follow-up for 2-5 years, deaths due to cardiac causes were recorded, including cases of sudden death, as well as the development of non-fatal cardiovascular complications.
IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS OF SURVEY HELD IN THE AWARENESS OF PUBLIC ON ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS
Authors:   Assistant Of The Department Of Public Health And Management, Tashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan, Mirmakhmudovna Mirkhamidova Sevara , Stephen Jenifer Alat ,   Student Of International Faculty, Tashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan, Dexkanbayevich Karimbayev Shakhrambay ,   Associate Professor (Phd) Of The Department Of Public Health And Management, Tashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan, Abdumajidovna Abdurashitova Sharafat ,   Senior Teacher Of The Department Of Public Health And Management, Tashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2023

Allergic Contact Dermatitis due to cosmetic products is a common dermatologic complaint that considerably affects the quality of life. Most cases are caused by skin hygiene and moisturizing products followed by cosmetic hair and nail products. Fragrances are the most cause of allergy to cosmetics, followed by hair dyes and preservative [1]. Patch Testing remains the gold standard for identification of causative allergens [5]. Careful determination of allergen avoidance can result in dramatic clinical improvement.
STUDY OF CLINICAL FORMS OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS WITH SHORTNESS OF BREATH AND ANALYSIS OF THE PROCESS OF DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
Authors:   Assistant Of The Department Of Infectious Diseases And Childhood Infection Phthiziatriya And Pulmonology, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Nikolaevna Mukhteremova Vera , Alekseeyevna Aminova Amaliya ,   4th Year Medical And Pedagogical Faculty Student Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2023

Pulmonary tuberculosis is a public health concern worldwide, and the clinical forms may vary. Shortness of breath is a common respiratory symptom that requires a careful diagnostic approach to avoid misdiagnosis. This study aims to evaluate the clinical conditions of pulmonary tuberculosis with shortness of breath and analyze the differential diagnosis process. We conducted a retrospective study of 130 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis presenting with shortness of breath between January 2019 and December 2022 in a tertiary hospital in Uzbekistan. The differential diagnosis process included the analysis of clinical, radiological, and laboratory findings, including sputum culture, acid-fast bacilli staining, and molecular tests. The most frequent comorbidity was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A correct differential diagnosis was achieved in 85.4% of the cases, while 14.6% of the patients had an incorrect diagnosis initially. In conclusion, the clinical forms of pulmonary tuberculosis with shortness of breath require careful diagnosis, considering the clinical context and laboratory findings. Collaboration between clinicians and pulmonologists is essential for adequately managing and treating patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF ANTITHROMBOTIC THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH CORONAVIRUS INFECTION
Authors:   Tashkent Medical Academy Tashkent, Republic Of Uzbekistan, L.J. Musaeva , D.S. Akbarova ,   Tashkent Medical Academy Tashkent, Republic Of Uzbekistan, N.Kh. Abdumazhidova ,   Tashkent Medical Academy Tashkent, Republic Of Uzbekistan, Juraevna Musaeva Lola ,   Tashkent Medical Academy Tashkent, Republic Of Uzbekistan, Suratovna Akbarova Dilfuza ,   Tashkent Medical Academy Tashkent, Republic Of Uzbekistan, Hamidullaevna Abdumazhidova Nozima ,   Tashkent Medical Academy Tashkent, Republic Of Uzbekistan
Published: April 2023

Coronavirus infection is considered a multifactorial disease; nevertheless, thrombotic complications play an important role in the further prognosis in this category of patients. More than 20 studies have been conducted around the world that have evaluated the optimal thromboprophylaxis regimens in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Before prescribing antithrombotic therapy, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the parameters of the blood coagulation system. Of course, in all cases of chronic diseases, especially in the elderly, careful monitoring of clinical symptoms and the hemostasis system is required. The data of our study indicate the possibility of using rivoraxaban and acetylsalicylic acid in prophylactic doses in the absence of the need to adjust doses and drug regimens in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19.
THE CONTENT OF MATHEMATICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOLERS
Authors:   2 Year Students, Undergraduate Students Gulistаn State University, Uzbekistan, Odil Kizi Urolbaeva Shokhsanam
Published: April 2023

This topic deals with the problem of mathematical education of pre-schoolers. The content of mathematical development of children, its structure and approaches to the development of the content of mathematical development is given on the basis of program documents "From birth to school", "Childhood". Here is the implementation of the principles of mathematics, a personality-oriented approach, developing learning in the formation of mathematical representations of preschool children of older groups.
FEATURES OF SPEECH FORMATION IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors:   Gulistan State University Faculty Of Pedagogy 2nd Year Student, Uzbekistan, Kizi Bakirova Umida Bakhtiyor
Published: April 2023

Speech is a wonderful gift of nature – it is not given to a person from birth. It should take time for the child to start talking. And adults should make a lot of efforts to ensure that the child's speech develops correctly and in a timely manner.
INDIVIDUALIZATION OF STUDENTS ' EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES IN THE CREDIT-MODULE SYSTEM
Authors:   Associate Professor, Head Of The Department At Tspu Named After Nizomi, Uzbekistan, Erpolatovich Tashimov Nurlan , Parda Qizi Jurayeva Sitora ,   Graduate Student Of The Pedagogical Institute Of Karshi State University, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2023

This article highlights the improvement of the quality of education due to the individualization of educational activities of students in the process of teaching the subject of drawing higher educational institutions according to the credit-modular system.
IMPLEMENTATION OF TUTOR’S SUPPORT MODEL IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors:   Candidate Of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Fergana State University, Fergana, Uzbekistan, Mukhammadovna Urinova Nilufar
Published: April 2023

The article under discussion describes tutor’s support models which can be used in implementing tutor’s support process in domestic higher educational institutions. The author of the article considers that introducing the practice of student tutoring is an important and necessary measure because the tutor helps the student to build a subjective position in education. It contributes to the development of young specialist's awareness of his place in the educational space.
EXTRALINGUISTIC FACTORS FORMING THE CONCEPTUAL SPACE OF NATION AND PERSON IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Authors:   Lecturer, English at the chair of “Foreign Languages”, Karshi Institute of Engineering and Economics, Uzbekistan, Gofur qizi Burieva Nilufar
Published: April 2023

It is known that each language has its own system of concepts. Through this, speakers of that language receive, structure and classify the flow of information about the world around them. The main role of concepts in human thinking is to determine the relationship of the subject to the object and to categorize this object.
BASKETBALL BALL-CARRYING CLASSIFICATION
Authors:   2nd Year Master Student Of Termez State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan, Gaydarovich Qurbonov G‘Ayrat
Published: April 2023

In the last 20-30 years, tactical and technical movements in basketball have changed. New complex types of dribbling have appeared that allow the basketball player to beat the opponent and attack the basket. There is no systematic description of improper coordination types of dribbling in modern educational and methodological literature. The purpose of the study is to systematize dribbling in modern basketball. To achieve this, the following methods were used: analysis and summarization of specialized literature, method of systematization, questionnaire from 86 trainers. As a result of classification, description of 64 main (simple) types of dribbling was obtained. The classification of game situations gave a complete understanding in class 72 of its application during the game. Complex coordination types of dribbling include several basic - combinations of different game situations.
THE EMERGENCE OF CRYPTOCURRENCIES AS AN ECONOMIC PHENOMENON AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN ITS LEGAL REGULATION
Authors:   Senior Teacher, Department Of ", Mamatov Shuhrat Khalikulovich ,   Special Legal Sciences",   , Customs Institute, Uzbekistan, Jurayev Amirbek Shavkat Ugli ,   Senior Year Cadet, Customs Institute, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2023

This article is devoted to the history of the emergence of cryptocurrencies, which is described as an unusual virtual monetary system that acquires a new and high level of relevance for the world economy, the conditions that caused their appearance, the issues of what technologies and systems it works on. The article also discusses the issues of circulation of cryptocurrencies, their classification, penetration into the economy of states, as well as difficulties in its legal and economic regulation. At the same time, the experience of developed countries of the world, such as the United States of America and the People's Republic of China, in the field of regulating the circulation of cryptocurrencies and their current state has been studied.
INNOVATIVE REFORMS IN AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Namangan Institute Of Engineering Technology. Associate Professor Of The ", Ibrahimovich Rahimov Bahromjon ,   Economics",   Department, Candidate Of Economic Sciences, Uzbekistan, Ugli Ibrohimov Boburmirza Bakhtiyar ,   Namangan Institute Of Engineering And Technology Is A Basic Doctoral Student, Uzbekistan, Ugli Ibrahimov Behzodbek Bahromjon ,   Namangan Institute Of Engineering Technology Student Of "Economics" Faculty, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2023

The economy of Uzbekistan cannot be imagined without agriculture. The role of agriculture in the country's economy is very important, therefore the development of agriculture is the need of the hour to use science and innovation. Innovative reforms in the development of agriculture We can see the place. The results of the innovative reforms in agriculture are highlighted today and what goals we set for the future.
HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT OF REHABILITATION IN CRIMINAL PROCEDURAL LAW IN UZBEKISTANT
Authors:   Researcher At Supreme School Of Judges, Uzbekistan, Satorov Alisher Yarasevich
Published: April 2023

The article explores some matters in the field of the citizen protection from illegal criminal prosecution and accusation, restriction of their rights and freedoms. Also examined a mechanism of compensation for harm caused by unlawful or unjustified criminal charges. Proposals for improving legislation are justified.
USE OF MULTIMEDIA EDUCATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL COMPLEX IN TRAINING FUTURE IT TEACHERS
Authors:   Tashkent State University Of Economics Under The Tashkent Economics And Industry Technical School, Uzbekistan, Tayirova Muhabbat Ataxanovna
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the development of multimedia technologies for the formation of cognitive independence of future computer science teachers. Recommendations for developing the structure and filling in the content are given in the stages of development. The study was carried out within the framework of the development of the methodology of teaching informatics aimed at improving the quality of training of informatics teachers. The obtained results can be used to develop multimedia technologies for use in teaching other subjects in the higher education system.
CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGIES OF PROCESSING RAW MATERIALS OF THE KOLA PENINSULA FEATURING I. V. TANANAEV INSTITUTE OF CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OF RARE ELEMENTS AND MINERAL RAW MATERIALS OF THE KOLA SCIENCE CENTRE OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
Authors:   I. V. Tananaev Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements and Mineral Raw Materials  of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolaev Anatoliy I.
Published: April 2023

The discovery of large deposits of mineral raw materials on the Kola Peninsula has become a prerequisite for development of chemical technologies and their scientific justification. Complex composition is known to be a feature of local raw materials. The technologies developed at the Kola Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences before and after the establishment of the Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements and Mineral Raw Materials have been considered. The processing of the raw materials extracted and available to extraction will provide the domestic industry needs in high-tech materials.
The main directions of research in the field of modern materials science at the ISC RAS
Authors:   I. V. Grebenshchikov Institute of Silicate Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kruchinina Irina Yu.
Published: April 2023

A brief overview of scientific works and activities of the ISC RAS over the past few years is given.
Extraction technologies for the recycling of spent power sources
Authors:   Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Voshkin Andrey A. , Zakhodyaeva Yulia A. ,   Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Zinov’eva Inna V. ,   Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kozhevnikova Arina V. ,   Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Milevskii Nikita A. ,   Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tokar Elena S. ,   Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2023

Current data on current approaches to the synthesis and application of extraction systems that meet the key requirements of "green chemistry" are presented. Particular attention is paid to a new type of extractants (solvents) — deep eutectic solvents. The relevance of this research is due to the need to solve the priority tasks of creating waste-free science-intensive technologies that combine the principles of "green" chemistry with hydrometallurgical processes of electronic waste recycling.
Changes in the strength of reinforced plastics for long-term operation in open climatic conditions
Authors:   Yakut Scientific Centre, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lebedev Mikhail P. , Startsev Oleg V. ,   Yakut Scientific Centre, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2023

Structural elements made of polymer composite materials (PCM) during operation in climatic conditions lose their strength and ability for trouble-free safe operation. It is shown that the deterioration of the strength characteristics of PCM in arctic conditions is caused by daily and seasonal thermal and moisture cycles, which cause an increase in internal stresses and the formation of microcracks in polymer matrices. To model changes in the strength of reinforced plastics, information is needed on the emerging gradient of indicators over the thickness of the samples.
Ceramic radiation-resistant scintillators for high-energy radiation detection
Authors:   Ioffe Institute, Zamoryanskaya M. V. , Orekhova Kseniia N. ,   Ioffe Institute, Gusevs://orcid.org/0 Grigorii A. ,   Ioffe Institute, Masloboeva Sofya M. ,   I. V. Tananaev Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements and Mineral Raw Materials  of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shakirova Azalia A. ,   Ioffe Institute, Dementieva Ekaterina V. ,   Ioffe Institute, Burakov Boris E. ,   Ioffe Institute
Published: April 2023

Complex oxides of Y3Al5O12, Gd(Nb,Ta)O4, (Zr,Hf,Y)O2, (Zr,Y)O2, activated with trivalent rare earth ions Nd3+, Eu3+ and Tb3+ have been studied in terms of their luminescent properties. These materials are promising scintillators with high radiation, chemical, and mechanical stability. The aim of the work was to develop ceramic radiation-resistant scintillators based on oxides activated by rare-earth ions. The study included: an evaluation of changes in the intensity and kinetics of luminescence decay from single crystal samples to ceramics; a study of the complete or partial replacement of light elements by heavier ones effect on the luminescent properties; a study of the possibility of using a sensitizer to increase the luminescence yield when luminescence is excited by an electron beam of medium energies.
Obtaining of non-ferrous metals and iron salts from products and waste of copper-nickel production
Authors:   I. V. Tananaev Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements and Mineral Raw Materials  of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kasikov Alexandr G. , Dyakova Ludmila V. ,   I. V. Tananaev Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements and Mineral Raw Materials  of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sokolov Artyom Y. ,   I. V. Tananaev Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements and Mineral Raw Materials  of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Areshina Natalia S. ,   I. V. Tananaev Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements and Mineral Raw Materials  of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2023

The article shows the possibility of producing non-ferrous metal and iron salts from intermediate products and waste of copper-nickel production in JSC "Kola MMC". Technological schemes and examples of methods for obtaining pure cobalt, nickel and iron salts using liquid extraction methods are given.
Nanoarchitectonics of layered alumosilicates as a basis for creating new functional materials for solving topical problems of medicine and environment
Authors:   Institute of Silicate Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Golubeva Olga Yu. , Alikina Yulia A. ,   Institute of Silicate Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Brazovskaya Elena Yu. ,   Institute of Silicate Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2023

Possibilities of directed synthesis of porous aluminosilicates, analogs of natural minerals, qualitatively differing from them in a set of certain specified characteristics, which can be controlled by the correct selection of appropriate conditions for the synthesis of such compounds, based on knowledge of the mechanism of their crystallization, mutual transformation and self-organization, are shown. The production of synthetic porous aluminosilicates with a given set of characteristics opens up wide opportunities for the development of new functional materials with improved properties, in particular, effective hemo- and enterosorbents, which can potentially have all the requirements necessary for such materials - have a high sorption capacity for protein molecules, selectivity, non-toxicity and hemocompatibility, as well as materials for solving environmental problems.
Production of yttrium concentrate from collective REE concentrate in carbonate medium
Authors:   Mendeleev University of chemical technology of Russia, Koroleva Elena O. , Boyarintseva Ekaterina V. ,   Mendeleev University of chemical technology of Russia, Stepanov Sergey I. ,   Mendeleev University of chemical technology of Russia
Published: April 2023

The paper presents the results of a study of the extraction of rare earth elements of their collective carbonate concentrate in aqueous solutions of sodium carbonate under various conditions. The possibility of selective extraction of yttrium and heavy group lanthanides with the production of 70% rough yttrium concentrate is shown.
Investigation of the kinetics of sulfuric acid decomposition of nepheline
Authors:   I. V. Tananaev Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements and Mineral Raw Materials  of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mayorov Dmitriy V. , Morozkov Aleksey V. ,   Y. Samoilov Research Institute of Fertilizers and Insectofungicides
Published: April 2023

The results of the study of the kinetics of sulfuric acid decomposition of nepheline are presented. Mathematical processing of experimental data has shown that the process is described with a sufficient degree of accuracy by the formal equation of the rate of transformation d(1-)/d = -k(1-)n at n = 1. It is established that the process of acid decomposition of nepheline is most accurately described by the Ginstling-Braunstein topochemical diffusion equation: 1-2/3-(1-)2/3 = k.
Fluoroammonium processing of technogenic waste with obtaining functional materials
Authors:   Institute of Solid State Chemistry of the Ural Branch of the RAS, Medyankina Irina S. , Pasechnik Lilia A. ,   Institute of Solid State Chemistry of the Ural Branch of the RAS
Published: April 2023

The digestion of silicon-containing waste with ammonium hydrofluoride (NH4HF2) was carried out by two methods: sintering and hydrochemical, followed by the production of amorphous silica and functional materials based on it. The tailings of wet magnetic separation and red mud were used in the work. Synthesis of highly dispersed amorphous silica (SiO2) was carried out by hydrolytic precipitation with ammonia from fluorosilicate solution. SiO2 was used to produce cobalt silicate and aluminate with a reduced amount of cobalt.
A study on solvent extraction of titanium and niobium using binary extractants
Authors:   I. V. Tananaev Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements and Mineral Raw Materials  of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mudruk Natalia V. , Zinov'eva Inna V. ,   Институт общей и неорганической химии имени Н. С. Курнакова Российской академии наук, Lodygina Polina A. ,   I. V. Tananaev Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements and Mineral Raw Materials  of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zakhodyaeva Yulia A. ,   Институт общей и неорганической химии имени Н. С. Курнакова Российской академии наук, Voshkin Andrey A. ,   Институт общей и неорганической химии имени Н. С. Курнакова Российской академии наук, Nikolaev Anatoliy I. ,   I. V. Tananaev Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements and Mineral Raw Materials  of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Drogobuzhskaya Svetlana V. ,   I. V. Tananaev Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements and Mineral Raw Materials  of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2023

The extraction of titanium and niobium from sulfuric acid solutions obtained after the perovskite concentrate processing has been studied. Extraction has been performed using a number of binary extractants, and distribution data have been estimated. The possibility of separation of titanium and niobium from sulfuric acid solutions has been demonstrated.
Assessment of physical methods of enrichment of poor spodumene-containing ore tailings
Authors:   4N. M. Fedorovsky All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Mineral Resources, Naumov Dmitry V. , Kurkov Alexander V. ,   4N. M. Fedorovsky All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Mineral Resources, Anufrieva Svetlana I. ,   4N. M. Fedorovsky All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Mineral Resources, Cheprasov Igor V. ,   4N. M. Fedorovsky All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Mineral Resources, Vorogushin Nikolai T. ,   Siberian Minerals Management Company LLC
Published: April 2023

The results of the material composition of the initial sample of Zavitinskoye deposit tailings and technological research by physical methods of enrichment are presented: dry gravity enrichment (Sepair technology); coarse lump, heavy medium enrichment; dry magnetic separation; gravity enrichment methods. The prospects of heavy-medium enrichment for obtaining spodumene 6% (Li2O) concentrate are shown. An enlarged calculation of the cost of processing 1 million tons of tailings is given.
Technological assessment of prospects for processing of carbonatite weathering core to produce commercial niobium compounds
Authors:   All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Mineral Resources named after N. M. Fedorovsky, Permyakova Nataliya A. , Likhnikeevich Elena G. ,   All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Mineral Resources named after N. M. Fedorovsky
Published: April 2023

The article shows prospects of processing ores of national deposits of carbonatite weathering crusts, which are one of the main raw materials sources of niobium. The variability of the proposed technological solutions for their processing makes it possible to obtain a wide range of niobium products in demand.
Efficiency of separation of alcohol — ester mixtures by deep eutectic solvents based on choline chloride
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Smirnov Alexander A. , Golikova Alexandra D. ,   Saint Petersburg State University, Toikka Maria A. ,   Saint Petersburg State University
Published: April 2023

The paper presents results of the study of liquid-liquid equilibrium in the systems ethanol — ethyl formate — DES and 1-propanol — 1-propyl formate — DES. DESs based on choline chloride with urea and glutaric acid were investigated. The distribution coefficients of alcohol and ester in the systems, as well as the selectivity values of the separation of the alcohol — ether systems by these DESs, were calculated using LLE data. DES based on choline chloride and urea more effectively separates the alcohol-ether systems than DES with glutaric acid. Systems with heavier alcohols and esters have higher separation selectivity.
Features of crystallization of cristobalit in quarts glass obtained on plasmotrons of JSC “DINUR” from quarts sand of the Ramenskoye deposit
Authors:   I. V. Grebenshchikov Institute of Silicate Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sycheva Galina A. , Kolobov Artem Yu. ,   I. V. Grebenshchikov Institute of Silicate Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2023

The features of crystallization of cristobalite in quartz glass obtained on plasma torches of JSC "Dinur", the raw material for melting of which is quartz sand of the Ramenskoye mining and Processing Plant, are considered. On the high-temperature dilatometer DIL-402 of the company “Netzsch" (Germany), dependences of changes in the linear dimensions of quartz glass samples in various heating–cooling modes were obtained. The service process of refractory quartz ceramics made of opaque quartz glass is modeled.
Choice of a rational technology for processing ore of the Kolmozerskoye deposit on the basis of studying the chemical and mineral composition of the ore sample
Authors:   Leading Research Institute of Chemical Technologies, Fureev Ilya L. , Neradovsky Yuri N. ,   Geological Institute of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2023

Based on the analysis of data on the study of the chemical and mineral composition, options for rational technological schemes are proposed for further evaluation of their effectiveness at the stage of laboratory research. Favorable and unfavorable factors for separation and hydrometallurgical processes are revealed. The features of the chemical and mineral composition of the ore sorting sample of the ore of the Kolmozerskoe deposit have been established.
THE FORMATION OF THE ECONOMY OF THE WORLD OCEAN
Authors: Betin Oleg , Titova Galina
Published: April 2023

The article discusses the essence and stages of the formation of a new field of knowledge – the economy of the World Ocean. The importance of sustainable approaches to the economic development of the marine industry is shown. The authors performed an analysis of the bioeconomical essence of industrial entrepreneurship. The dynamics of the components of the bioeconomical analysis is substantiated. The interrelation and mutual influence of these components is revealed. In bioeconomical assessments, significant databases containing diverse and high-quality indicators related to the need to choose an alternative based on methods related to different fields of knowledge are involved in the analysis. The authors of the article believe that in situations involving a large number of variables, modeling and mathematical programming techniques are the most effective means for making managerial decisions. These methods are justified in the article.
THE ROLE OF BRACKISH-WATER FAUNA AND THE STATE OF THE BIORESOURCE OF THE ECOSYSTEM OF THE HYPERGALINE LAKE KULUNDINSKOYE IN THE PHASE OF TRANSGRESSION (ALTAI KRAI)
Authors: Vesnina Lyubov , Vesnin Yuri , Romanova Natalia , Moruzi Irina
Published: April 2023

The results of ecological monitoring of the hypergaline lake Kulundinskoye of the Altai Territory in the period 2021-2022 are presented. The research was carried out in the form of a comprehensive study of abiotic factors of the reservoir (climatic features of the lake, temperature regime, salinity of water), biological factors (species composition of brackish-water zooplankton, its abundance), production and structural indicators of the gill-legged crustacean Artemia Leach, 1819. Desalination of water during the transgressive period of water content caused successional speciation processes. There was a change of the gill-legged crustacean as a dominant and monovid to a complex of brackish-water fauna. The artemia population developed under the influence of unfavorable salinity of water with a fluctuation in the lake from 1.9 (April) to 99.0 mg/dm3.

The influence of the transgressive phase of water content on the biota and the extraction (catch) of a biological resource - artemia (at the stage of cysts), as well as the importance of the formation of their commercial accumulations of abiotic environmental factors, is shown. Studies have shown that the prevailing combination of factors during the transgression period – tense climatic conditions, low salinity of water (less than 100 mg/dm3), low number of artemia crustaceans, was the absence of commercial accumulations of biological resources.
Environmental efficiency of measures for the conservation of aquatic biological resources and their habitat: aspects of legal and economic analysis
Authors: Khovansky Igor , Mlynar Evgeniy
Published: April 2023

Based on the analysis of the regulatory framework and economic assessments, the ongoing measures to prevent and minimize damage to aquatic biological resources, as well as their natural habitat, are analyzed. On the example of the Amur Region, it is shown that the selected measures related to the artificial reproduction of carp are not effective and require significant adjustments.
METHODOLOGICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL BASICS OF RESEARCH OF SOLID FUEL ROCKET ENGINES OF ATTACK MEANS
Authors: Liubarets A. , Shatrov A. , Nikitchenko А.
Published: April 2023

The article presents methodical and technological approaches to the study of performance and confirming the main characteristics of solid fuel rocket engines (SFRI), which are part of various means of destruction, as well as the main directions of organization and features of the relevant fire bench tests.
SFRI is one of the most important components of modern means of destruction, which largely determine their tactical and technical characteristics and operational safety. By their technical condition, we mean a set of properties that change during operation and are characterized by the parameters (signs) defined by technical documentation.
A structural-functional reliability scheme is developed to assess the reliability of SFRI, which allows taking into account not only the structural elements, but also phenomena that can lead to failures, including those caused by connections between elements. According to the results of bench fire tests of SFRI that are conducted taking into account the structural-functional reliability scheme, the following information is obtained: internal ballistic, mass, energy and traction characteristics; performance of structural elements and nodes; characteristics of operational reliability and control bodies. At the end of the tests, the remaining thickness of the heat shield, the integrity of the SFRI body and the condition of the exit nozzle are also evaluated. The probability of failure-free operation is used as the main indicator of reliability. As the main indicator of reliability, SFRI uses the probability of failure-free operation for a given time of its operation. The reliability indicators of individual components are determined in accordance with its structural and functional reliability scheme.
Fire stand tests of SFRI are carried out on a special stand, which includes original technological equipment developed and manufactured at the State Enterprise “Kyiv State Design Bureau “Luch”, the main of which are: equipment for remote launch of marching and starting АЗСД 7Х2.700.017; equipment for remote measurement and registration of operating parameters АИР 7X2.700.016; slipway С–40T–1 E240.125.00.000.0 with sensors and a sensor for registering internal gas pressure.
The implementation of the main provisions of the methodological and technological basis of SFRI research made it possible to make scientifically based decisions regarding the possibility and expediency of their further exploitation, as well as the need to introduce a number of restrictions, including decommissioning.