bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of effective sealing units for oil and gas equipment in the oil and gas production system
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Hasanov Ilman I. , Guliyev Agali A. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University
Published: July 2023

The paper presents the results of many years of experience in studying the efficiency of sealing units in the conditions of their operation in the oil and gas production system, as well as the influence of technological parameters that ensure normal operation and protect them from failure due to leakage through the working surface of the seals in the friction zone. In addition, according to the results of practical studies, it has been established that, in order to improve the elastic properties, for example, of cup springs of a direct-flow valve, we calculated heat treatment of the operational values of spring compression for various material thicknesses. The work of the elastic elements of the packer was improved mainly by the design, and the optimal parameters for the development of the elastic element of the packer were determined. The study of the stress-strain state of the sealing element of packers during setting and improving its performance is of both practical and scientific interest. One of the factors that significantly affect operation of pumps is the fluid leakage in valve assemblies in order to identify the effect of the above parameters on tightness based on a preliminary theoretical analysis. Comparison of data during the study showed that the flow rate of work with low viscosities is greater than with high viscosities. The technological processes of hardening the parts of the shut-off assembly of X-mas tree valves, to increase their reliability, are considered. The dependence of the compression force of the spring and its deformation because of geometric parameters of the disk springs has been determined; it has been found that the residual deformation of the disk spring after collapse has a negative effect on tightness. Calculations show that the amount of leakage of the elastic elements in the sealing assembly should not exceed ≤0.309, since the seal at the value of elastic energy deformation provides a self-compacting mode. Thus, the degree of uneven pressing of the seat to the surface of the gate and its regulation to prevent leakage is practically determined.
Legal Dilemmas About Mandatory Childhood Vaccination in Europe
Authors: Czechowicz Sebastian , Kubiak Rafał
Published: July 2023

Compulsory childhood and adolescent vaccination are a controversial issue in the public arena. They also pose a challenge on the ground of legal sciences. This article is devoted to a dogmatic-legal analysis of the type of legally protected goods that are restricted in connection with mandatory vaccination (among others: the right to respect for private and family life, personal freedom, the right to self- determination) and those values that vaccination is in principle supposed to protect (public health, life, and health of children). The article analyses in detail the ruling of the European Court of Human Rights, which seems to be a breakthrough. On the one hand, it ends the dispute pending before the Court and, on the other, it opens the field for further discussion on the essence of mandatory vaccinations. The research has been carried out by using the dogmatic-legal method, the method of analysis and criticism of literature, the method of analysis of case law and the statistical method. In the presented research results, reports and statistical data of international bodies concerning the level of vaccination among children and adolescents in Europe were used.
The Role and Position of AI Evidence in Civil Litigation
Authors: Sokolova Mariia
Published: July 2023

This article examines the role and position of AI evidence in civil litigation. Despite the sporadic appearance of such evidence in court proceedings, it has the potential to revolutionize the evidential field and change our understanding of the nature and evidential qualities of existing types of evidence. After a thorough examination of the key technical specifications of AI, different classifications of AI evidence and various approaches to treatment of AI evidence, the author suggests how AI evidence should be treated according to the Slovenian Civil Procedure law. It is inferred that standard evidence rules can be applied to AI evidence, if the probative value of such evidence does not depend on the AI involved. In cases where probative value of evidence depends on the involved AI system, AI evidence can nevertheless be treated as witness or expert evidence, or, precisely, as ex parte affidavit or private expert opinion depending on the level of human or AI contribution to the content of AI evidence. The author concludes that black box and bias problems of AI systems generating evidence have to be properly addressed in order for AI evidence to achieve full evidential value and reliability.
Educação, emancipação, desenvolvimento e alteridades
Authors: Nascimento Antônio Dias , Bastos Anaéli Silva
Published: July 2023

Este artigo lança um olhar exploratório sobre os temas da educação, emancipação, desenvolvimento, contemporaneidade e alteridades. Nesse percurso, divide-se em três partes: inicialmente explora como a desconstrução das grandes narrativas de legitimação, construídas na modernidade, fornece elementos para contribuir para a visão emancipatória da educação. Na segunda parte, resgata o enfrentamento do modo de produção capitalista e o caráter formativo dos movimentos sociais como perspectiva da educação para a emancipação, trazendo à luz questões relacionadas ao desenvolvimento local. Na terceira seção, aborda a educação para a emancipação na contemporaneidade a partir do prisma das alteridades, com base ética. Por fim, chega-se à conclusão de que estas três dimensões atuam de maneira complementar, tendo o diálogo como substância essencial do processo educativo na perspectiva emancipatória.
Paraprobiotics in the Dairy Industry: Current Research and Future Prospects: A Review
Authors: Ramani Akshay , Deshmukh Rajesh , Seth Raman , Gandhi Kamal , Sharma Rajan , Sharma Vivek
Published: July 2023

Paraprobiotics, or non-viable microorganisms that have beneficial effects on the host, have gained attention in the dairy industry as a potential alternative to traditional probiotics. Instead, the concept of paraprobiotics shall be put forth in addition to employing probiotics to reap additional benefits. The use of paraprobiotics has become a potential opportunity for diversification of functional foods due to their great versatility when compared to viable probiotic cells. The advantages of paraprobiotics include the possibility of using technologies and formulations with negative impacts on probiotics, the longer shelf life of products and greater convenience during processing, storage and transportation, in addition to being a safer therapeutic approach for immune-compromised individuals. The use of paraprobiotics in dairy industry is potential for these microorganisms to be used as feed additives to improve the health and productivity of dairy cattle.
Effect of Citric Acid on Carcass Characteristics and Physico Chemical Attributes of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Mamabolo M.V. , Ng’ambi J.W. , Gunya B.
Published: July 2023

With the removal of antibiotics, the poultry industry is challenged with identifying a valid alternative to antibiotics with similar capabilities. Organic acids like citric acid are agents with the capability to reduce pathogenic bacteria and increase nutrient digestibility through their effect on the pH in the gastrointestinal tract. Citric acid improves animal welfare and economic concerns in the poultry industry by reducing body weight loss and improving meat quality attributes. Citric acid supplementation in feeds diminishes microorganisms within the gastrointestinal tract and consequently enhances feed intake and digestion, with positive effects on growth rate and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. A review was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE (published articles) to determine the effect of citric acid supplementation on carcass characteristics, physico chemical attributes and sensory attributes of broiler chickens. Findings indicated that organic acids such as citric acid may improve animal welfare and economic problems in the chicken business by lowering body weight loss and enhancing meat quality qualities. At the same time, citric acid supplementation had an antibacterial effect on the growth of microorganisms. This shows that citric acid can be used in broiler chickens to improve performance and meat quality. The current review evaluates the effect of various citric acid level supplementation on carcass characteristics, physico chemical attributes and sensory attributes of broiler chickens.
Role of Cluster Demonstration in Enhancement of Soybean Production in Ratlam District of Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Tiwari Gyanendra Pratap , Tripathy Sarvesh , Bhandari Jitendra , Kumar Sushil , Bhadauria Rohatash Singh , Ghaswa Ramdhan , Jakhar Shish Ram , Mishra Shivam
Published: July 2023

Background: Soybean (Glysin max L.) is one of the most important oil seed cum pulse crop cultivated in Ratlam district of Madhya Pradesh. The present investigation was carried out at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ratlam during kharif 2021-22 and 2022-23, to demonstrate the improved variety JS-2029 and RVS 2001-4 with the scientific package and practices to improve the production of soybean. Methods: The present research of Cluster Front Line Demonstrations (CFLDs) was conduct during kharif season 2021-22 and 2022-23 by KVK Ratlam, under rained condition. An extensive survey was conducted to collect in sequence from preferred farmers to give them enhanced package of put into practice. Privileged position performance was utilized to categorize the constraint faced by the farmers in soybean crop growing. Based on the evils face by the farmers, the cluster frontline demonstrations were designed. Result: In conclusion, potential yield of variety can be achieved by imparting scientific knowledge to the farmers, providing need based quality inputs in due time and proper and timely application of inputs. The average yield of demonstrated technology (18.95 q/ha) was higher than of local check (15.87 q/ha).
Reproduction of knowledge workers: Sociological Analysis: [monograph]
Authors:   Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gorshkov Mikhail K. , Sheregi Franc E. ,   Center for social forecasting, Moscow, Russian Federation, Tyurina Irina O. ,   Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2023

В издании на основе результатов общероссийских социологических и экспертных исследований разных лет, данных государственной статистики дается комплексный анализ характера воспроизводства, в том числе в современных условиях, специалистов с высшим образованием и проблем их подготовки в контексте воспроизводства социально-профессиональной структуры общества в целом. Основную эмпирическую базу составляют итоги научно-исследовательского проекта, реализованного Институтом социологии ФНИСЦ РАН в сотрудничестве с Минобрнауки России и нацеленного на изучение характера выбора выпускниками вузов РФ жизненного пути и профессиональной карьеры, анализ деятельности вузовских служб содействия трудоустройству выпускников, а также разработку рекомендаций по оптимизации последнего. В качестве респондентов были опрошены 4000 молодых специалистов 207 предприятий и учреждений в 41 субъекте РФ. Одновременно был проведен экспертный опрос руководителей вузовских служб трудоустройства выпускников, служб управления персоналом предприятий и учреждений, территориальных (муниципальных) центров занятости населения. В монографии рассматривается роль системы образования в воспроизводстве социально-профессиональной структуры социума: оцениваются социальные функции системы образования, специфика влияния на их реализацию экономических и демографических трендов, динамика воспроизводства специалистов с высшим образованием, а также проблемы ротации кадрового состава. Наряду с этим исследуется профессиональное самоопределение молодежи в контексте выбора жизненного пути, анализируются разнообразные условия профессиональной самореализации выпускников вузов. Особое внимание уделяется оценке условий труда молодых специалистов в контексте вопросов стабильности кадров и их закрепления в профессии, установок молодежи на карьерный рост, ее миграционных намерений и др. Предметом специального анализа становится воспроизводство отдельных профильных групп молодых специалистов с высшим образованием. Книга адресована исследователям социологического и экономического профилей, преподавателям и руководителям вузов РФ, работникам органов управления образованием федерального и территориального уровней.
Reproduction expérimentale et évolution de la péripneumonie contagieuse bovine dans un groupe de bovins et de caprins : aspects anatomocliniques
Authors: Belli P. , Poumarat François , Perrin M. , Longchambon D. , Martel J.L.
Published: July 2023

Cinq bovins ont été inoculés par voie endobronchique avec une culture de Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides "small colony" (M.m.m. SC), et ont été entretenus en contact étroit avec 5 autres bovins et 5 caprins. Sur une période de 4 mois, ces animaux ont fait l'objet de suivis clinique et sérologique, ainsi que, pour les bovins, d'un suivi de l'excrétion de M.m.m. CS. A terme, ils ont été abattus et autopsiés. Sur cette période, les caprins n'ont présenté aucun symptôme, aucune lésion et aucune réaction sérologique. En revanche, tous les bovins se sont infectés, mais la maladie a pris dans ce foyer de péripneumonie pure des aspects très polymorphes : une forme subclinique avec excrétion massive et prolongée évoluant de façon chronique avec des lésions typiques à l'abattage chez tous les témoins-contacts; une forme aiguë mortelle avec excrétion massive et lésions étendues chez un inoculé; une forme latente avec excrétion prolongée mais sans lésions macroscopiques à l'abattage chez les autres inoculés.
Evaluation of the antiwear properties of timely changed engine oils
Authors: Skonieczna Daria , Vrublevskyi Oleksandr , Szczyglak Piotr
Published: July 2023

The article presents the results of tests, replaced according to the vehicle manufacturer's recommendations, of engine oils. The sample of engine oils in service came from spark-ignition and compression-ignition vehicles used in urban or mixed mode. During their collection, the type of drive unit, the mileage of the car and the number of kilometres the oil was used for were recorded for each sample (this was the main criterion for differentiating samples). In addition, a control group of samples consisting of fresh oils of the same viscosity grade and distributed by the same producer was set up to observe changes in the parameters of individual lubricants after the operating period. The first part of the empirical study consisted of determining the physico-chemical properties of the lubricants, i.e.: kinematic viscosity, density and water content. The second part involved anti-wear tests using a T-02U tribotester. The use of the tribotester made it possible to record the anti-wear parameter, i.e. moment of friction, and also the load imposed on the friction node, as a result of which it was possible to calculate the friction force and friction coefficient. The research was complemented by an analysis of worn surfaces of the friction node on a microscope. The tests carried out can be used for predictive purposes, in terms of assessing the condition of a lubricant subjected to an operating process in an internal combustion engine.
Analgesia for anticoagulated patients requires substituting gabapentin for ibuprofen
Authors: Friedlander Arthur H. , Friedlander Ida K. , Berti-Couto Soraya de Azambuja , Couto-Souza Paulo
Published: July 2023

To the Editor Analgesia for anticoagulated patients requires substituting gabapentin for ibuprofen
Jornadas de junho de 2013
Authors: Horta Luiz Fernando , Nogueira André Ricardo
Published: July 2023

As Jornadas de Junho se inserem num contexto maior de transformações na História do Brasil que vão desde a reconfiguração mundial em função da crise de 2008 até a eleição de Jair Bolsonaro. Nesses dez anos, o que se pode perceber é que os eventos de 2013 são um teste para as grandes transformações políticas e sociais que levaram o Brasil a uma experiência neofascista. Este artigo argumenta que o Junho de 2013 não é um movimento, mas sim composto pela disputa entre vários grupos pelo controle das ruas. Que essa disputa se dá sob a tutela da “Doutrina Obama” para a América Latina e que esta doutrina se estabelece como o uso extensivo de diversas novas ferramentas digitais de controle e manipulação. O artigo ainda afirma que parte do trabalho de controle sobre o junho de 2013 foi feito tanto pelas novas teorias de ação internacional desenvolvidas em Washington, quanto pelas velhas formas de ação, especialmente com think tanks como o Students for Liberty. Ainda o artigo retoma a ideia de “duplo governo” para caracterizar o período Obama
Relações de trabalho e de gênero na produção de tabaco em um município de Santa Catarina
Authors: Canever Daniela Tezza , Salvaro Giovana Ilka Jacinto , Estevam Dimas de Oliveira
Published: July 2023

O presente artigo é fruto de uma dissertação elaborada entre os anos de 2019 e 2021, que teve como objetivo geral analisar as relações de trabalho e de gênero entre agricultores/as familiares produtores/as de tabaco em um município de Santa Catarina. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, documental e de campo, a qual contou com a participação de 20 produtores/as de tabaco. Com a pesquisa, verificou-se que a produção de tabaco é representativa na agricultura familiar do município estudado. No que se refere às relações de trabalho e de gênero, o estudo demonstrou que as mulheres realizam atividades não mecanizadas do ciclo produtivo, acumulam o trabalho doméstico e de cuidados; os homens realizam atividades mecanizadas (com trator e implementos agrícolas) relacionadas a gerenciamento, cursos e comercialização da produção. O processo estudado demonstra a importância de promover e manter políticas públicas voltadas ao meio rural, que possam romper com as situações de desigualdade de gênero e de divisão sexual do trabalho.
Internacionalização da educação superior em contextos emergentes: a produção recente em teses e dissertações no Brasil
Authors: Cipriani Andreza , Heinzle Marcia Regina Selpa
Published: July 2023

O presente estudo visa analisar o perfil das temáticas das produções científicas relacionadas à internacionalização da educação superior em contextos emergentes. Trata-se, portanto, de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, que ocorreu por meio da Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações no painel de informações quantitativas do catálogo de teses e dissertações no Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior. O mapeamento da produção científica possibilitou identificar o total de 135 trabalhos, divididos em 47 teses e 88 dissertações publicadas durante o período de 2017-2022, utilizando, para a busca, os descritores “internacionalização da educação superior”, “contextos emergentes” e “sul global” para área da Educação. Do montante total de trabalhos identificados, foram selecionadas para esta pesquisa oito teses e três dissertações, que tratavam especificamente da temática em estudo. A análise permitiu identificar quatro principais temáticas, relacionadas a estes trabalhos, sendo elas: políticas públicas; interculturalidade e multiculturalidade; questões socioeconômicas; e avaliação da qualidade. Todos estes aspectos integraram as discussões de internacionalização voltadas para a cooperação sul-sul, visando à formação integral do sujeito, com perspectivas epistemológicas decoloniais. Por fim, por meio dos resultados desta pesquisa, ficaram evidenciados novos caminhos e estratégias de internacionalização da educação superior para o sul global, centrados em dimensões interculturais, com investimento na produção de conhecimento local, por meio de pesquisas e estudos que procuram responder aos desafios da realidade brasileira.
Expectancy Violations terhadap Persepsi pada Setting Tempat Tinggal: Studi Eksperimental
Authors: Bakri Yasmin Nursyabina , Aina Izzatush Shafa , Alifa Amira Rasyanda , Ezra Keshia , Widiyansari Zharifa Anisa , Srisayekti Wilis , Ratnasari Risa Dwi
Published: July 2023

Di kehidupan sehari-hari pendeteksian objek dan konteks melibatkan proses persepsi yang dipengaruhi oleh empat hal; beliefs, values, social influence dan expectation. Keterkaitan antar objek dan konteks melahirkan hubungan relevansi dan ekspektasi yang berguna untuk merekognisi pola berulang di lingkungan. Ekspektasi dalam proses top-down memengaruhi persepsi, terbagi menjadi dua fenomena; expectancy violations dan expectancy non-violations. Konteks dependen berpengaruh positif pada peningkatan sensitivitas persepsi ketika suatu tampilan relevan dengan ekspektasi keterkaitan objek dan konteks. Studi ini bertujuan untuk melihat peforma sensitivitas persepsi (durasi reaksi) pada konteks dan objek tempat tinggal. Perlakuan diberikan pada satu kelompok berjumlah 78 partisipan berupa stimulasi ekspektasi konteks dan objek untuk melahirkan persepsi kecocokan. Within participants post-test only design digunakan untuk melihat perbedaan durasi reaksi dari dua perlakuan; Expectancy violations berpengaruh signifikan terhadap waktu persepsi partisipan. Hal ini dapat disebabkan oleh pengalaman masa lalu yang dapat membentuk ekspektasi, serta tata letak ruangan di tempat tinggal partisipan.
Liver Pathology as a Currently Health Problem
Authors: Chesca Antonella Elisa , Medetova Aigul , Abdulina Galiya , Kabduova Aliya , Beysembayeva Gulnara , Sandle Tim
Published: July 2023

Chronic liver diseases stimulate a degree of hepatocyte injury. This previously mentioned modifications, alters the known liver architecture and finally ends in cirrhosis. Liver pathology as cirrhosis develops after a long period of pathological alterations. The management of this liver pathology, is centred on the treatment of the causes and complications. Liver transplantation can be required in some cases. The aim of this article is to identify the best available evidences analyzing liver samples, normall and pathological. Normal liver with hepatocytes, Kiernann space, connective septa, observations using lens x10 and samples colored with Goldner Szekely trichrome stains. Beside, for comparisions, ill liver images, classic stain H&E. Inflammation is a great point that results in replacement of the healthy liver parenchyma with fibrotic tissue and regenerative nodules. In addition, progressive portal hypertension, systemic inflammation, and liver failure drive cirrhosis outcomes. All this previously mentioned factors, area great impact on the health-related quality of life of adult patients with liver cirrhosis. The management of this liver pathology, is centred on the treatment of the causes and complications. Liver transplantation can be required in some cases.
Observational Study of Trans-Septal Endocardial Left Ventricle Lead Implant for Effective Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Patients with Challenging Coronary Sinus Anatomy
Authors: Farhangee Arsalan , Davies Marke J , Mindrila Ion , Mesina Mihai
Published: July 2023

Background: Trans-septal endocardial left ventricle lead placement is an alternative technique used capture the left ventricular endocardially but it is use is limited due lack of evidence, practice uptake and clinical trials. we evaluated the efficiency of the procedure, post procedural complication rate, rate of thromboembolic events as well as changes in echocardiographic parameters, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level and the New York Heart Association (NYHA) class.
Results: TSLV lead implant is safe, improves ejection fraction, LVEDV, LVESV, LVIDd. Significantly reduces NTproBNP levels and NYHA class. Stroke rate was reported only in one patient (9%), noticeably, this particular patient was on DOAC rather than anti-vitamin K antagonists. In this group, patients, who were on Warfarin , were not reported to have any thrombo-embolic events.
Discussion:
Trans-septal endocardial LV lead implant in patients with a failed CS approach remains a viable alternative however, there is a higher risk of stroke amongst these patients, as well as more procedure related risk of complications compared to conventional CRT.
The data analysis demonstrates that patients undergoing a TSLV lead implant due to a failed trans-venous approach have more advanced heart failure, defined by their higher NYHA class compared to conventional trans-venous CRT implant groups. Their pre TSLV implant, echocardiographic parameters are also worse compared to trans-venous CRT implant group
Comparison between One-Stage and Two-Stage CT-guided Localization of Lung Nodules with Surgical Resection: A Single Medical Center Experience
Authors: Hsueh Kai Yun , Tang En Kuei , Wu Fu Zong , Tsai Ping Chung , Shu Chih Wen , Goan Yih Gang , Tseng Yen Chiang
Published: July 2023

(1) Background: This retrospective study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of one-stage computed tomography (OSCT)- to that of two-stage computed tomography (TSCT)-guided localization for the surgical removal of small lung nodules. (2) Methods: We collected data from patients with ipsilateral pulmonary nodules who underwent localization before surgical removal at Veteran General Hospital Kaohsiung between October 2017 and January 2022. The patients were divided into the OSCT and TSCT groups. (3) Results: We found that OSCT significantly reduced the localization time and risky time compared to TSCT, and the success rate of localization and incidence of pneumothorax were similar in both groups. However, the time spent under general anesthesia was longer in the OSCT group than in the TSCT group. (4) Conclusions: The OSCT-guided approach to localize pulmonary nodules in hybrid operation room is a safe and effective technique for the surgical removal of small lung nodules.
Kinematic Model based Control of Spherical Mobile Robot with Under-Actuated System
Authors: Lee Hoseung , Park Bong Seok , Hyun Chang-Ho
Published: July 2023

This paper introduces an alternative method to design the path following controller of an under-actuated spherical mobile robot, which has a single pendulum structure its inside as a driving mechanism. The mechanism has an under-actuated problem; two inputs for the roll and pitch but no direct input for the yaw. In order to overcome this problem, the proposed method defines a virtual reference input for the heading direction. The virtual reference input works as a control input since it can be arbitrarily designed just like the reference input of a conventional system. The control scheme using the defined virtual reference input achieves the stabilization and path following control of the under-actuated spherical mobile robot without any additional control technique. The stability of the proposed control scheme is guaranteed by Lyapunov stability analysis, and simulation results are given to demonstrate its performance.
A Pilot Fuzzy System with Virtual Reality for Mild Cognitive Impairment forecasting
Authors: Liu Cheng-Li , Chuang Che-Jen , Chou Chin-Mei
Published: July 2023

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is when brain function declines. It is a transition stage between normal aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may be an underlying symptom of AD. Improper use of test instruments or imperfect test methods in clinical practice often leads to variations in test results. In addition, there may be resistance from the subject if he/she has to undergo multiple screening tests simultaneously. Therefore, the objective of this study was to use virtual reality to create an image testing scenario that integrates Mini-Cog, Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ), Mini-mental Status Examination (MMSE), Saint Louis University Mental Status Examination (SLUMS), Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), and Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI), and combine fuzzy logic control (FLC) technology to develop an MCI forecasting system. There were 24 middle-aged to older adults aged 50 to 65 years who participated in the evaluation experiment. The results showed that the MCI forecasting system developed in this study is highly correlated with the traditional screening tests, including Mini-Cog, SPMSQ, MMSE, SLUMS, and CASI. The forecasting system can provide an integrated reference score for testers in making judgments. In addition, the distribution of the System Usability Scale (SUS) evaluation scores for the MCI forecasting system revealed that 87.5% were grade C (good to use) or above, and 29.2% were grade B (extremely good to use) or above. The forecasting system receives positive feedback from the subjects.
Metastability demystified — the foundational past, the pragmatic present, and the potential future
Authors: Hancock Fran , Rosas Fernando E. , Zhang Mengsen , Mediano Pedro A. M. , Luppi Andrea , Cabral Joana , Deco Gustavo , Kringelbach Morton , Breakspear Michael , Kelso J. A. Scott , Turkheimer Federico E.
Published: July 2023

Healthy brain functioning depends on balancing stable integration between brain areas for effective coordinated functioning, with bursts of desynchronisation to allow subsystems to reconfigure and express functional specialisation. Metastability, a concept originated in statistical physics and dynamical systems theory, has been proposed as a key signature that characterises this balance. Building on this principle, the neuroscience literature has employed markers of metastability to investigate various aspects of brain function including cognitive performance, healthy ageing, meditation, sleep, responses to pharmacological challenges, and to characterise psychiatric conditions or disorders of consciousness. However, this body of work often uses the notion of metastability heuristically, and sometimes inaccurately, making it hard for the uninitiated to navigate the vast literature, interpret findings, and foster further development of theoretical and experimental methodologies. In this paper we provide a comprehensive review of metastability and its applications in neuroscience, covering its scientific and historical foundations and the practical estimators used to estimate it in empirical data. We also provide a critical analysis of recent theoretical developments, clarifying common misconceptions and paving the road for future developments.
Gunshot Wounds of an Abdomen- a Single-Institution Experience
Authors: Elek Zlatan , Igrutinovic Gojko , Grujic Blagoje , Djordjevic Ivona , Konstantinovic Strahinja
Published: July 2023

Abdominal injuries in children caused by guns are a rare clinical entity globally. But, in countries with undefined legal regulations and in the war zones urban violence is a great social problem among older children and adolescents. This manuscript provides details regarding two cases of severe gunshot injuries in young children. The injuries were very complicated and included damage to the parenchymatous and hollow organs as well as major blood vessels. The clinical presentation on admission was very serious and dramatic, but the patients survived. However, one patient developed numerous complications that required repeated surgical interventions and long treatment. The article provides a detailed description of injuries and how to treat them. Patient care requires a multidisciplinary approach, and the initial decision on further treatment depends on the patient's hemodynamic stability.
Comprehensive Strategy for Identifying Extracellular Vesicle Surface Proteins as Biomarkers for Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: García Nahuel Aquiles , Mellergaard Maiken , González-King Hernán , Salomon Gallo Carlos , Handberg Aase
Published: July 2023

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver disorder that has become a global health concern due to its increasing prevalence. Currently, there is a need for reliable biomarkers to aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of NAFLD. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising candidates in biomarker discovery, as they carry proteins that reflect the pathophysiological state of the liver. In this review, we developed a list of EV proteins that could be used as diagnostic biomarkers for NAFLD. We employed a multi-step strategy that involved reviewing and comparing various sources of information. Firstly, we reviewed papers that have studied EVs proteins as biomarkers in NAFLD, as well as papers that have studied circulating proteins as biomarkers in NAFLD. To further identify potential candidates, we utilized the EV database Vesiclepedia.org to qualify each protein. Finally, we consulted the Human Protein Atlas to search for candidates' localization, focusing on membrane proteins. By integrating these sources of information, we developed a comprehensive list of potential EVs membrane protein biomarkers that could aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of NAFLD. In conclusion, our multi-step strategy for identifying EV-based protein biomarkers for NAFLD provides a comprehensive approach that can also be applied for other diseases. The protein candidates identified through this approach could have significant implications for the development of non-invasive diagnostic tests for NAFLD and improve the management and treatment of this prevalent liver disorder.
Improving the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Welded Al-Si Coated 22MnB5/ Galvanized Steel Joint Added by Nickel
Authors: Zhang Youping , Qin Youqiong , Zhao Feng , Liang Min
Published: July 2023

To weaken the harm of Al-Si coating and increase the strength of welded joint, variable thickness of Ni foil (Ni, an austenitic formation element) was added into the lap laser welding Al-Si coated 22MnB5 hot stamping steel/galvanized steel joints. The joints' weld appearance, microstructure, and mechanical properties were explored. The weld altered from X-shape to Y-shape with the increased thickness of Ni foil. During welding, Al-Si coating was melted and diluted into the welding pool, forming δ-ferrite (a rich-Al phase with low toughness and strength) in FZ and FB. This phase deteriorated the strength of the joints. After adding Ni, the amount and size of the δ-ferrite phase decreased. With a significant thickness of Ni foil, δ-ferrite would disappear. However, a new phase (FM, rich-Ni phase) probably formed except PM(a no or negligible Ni phase). The heat-affected zone (HAZ) on the side of 22MnB5 comprised a coarse martensite zone, refined martensite zone, martensite+ferrite zone, and tempered martensite zone from the FZ to the basic material. HAZ on the side of galvanized steel mainly contained ferrite and pearlite. After adding Ni foil, the strength of the joint was more than that without Ni. The maximum strength of the joint can be up to 679MPa because of the disappearance of δ-ferrite. Meanwhile, the toughness of the joint increased. The fracture mode was from three mixed fractures(cleavage, quasi-cleavage, and dimple) to one fracture(dimple).
DEM Simulation of Fast Fluidization of Fine Particles in a Micro Riser
Authors: Wu Guorong , Li Qiang , Zuo Zhanfei
Published: July 2023

In recent years discrete element method (DEM) has gradually been applied to the traditional fluidization simulation of fine particles in micro fluidized bed (MFB). The application of DEM in simulating fast fluidization of fine particles in MFB has not yet received attention. This article presents a drag model that relies on the surrounding environment of particles, namely particle circumstance-dependent drag modle or PCDD model. Fast fluidization in MFB of fine particles is simulated using DEM based on the PCDD model. It is found that the gas-solid two-phase flow in MFB meets the common law of fast fluidization in circulating fluidized bed (CFB) to a certain extent, and also presents a special law that is significantly different from that in CFB. Simulations indicate that the local structure in MFB exhibits particle aggregation which is a natural property of fast fluidized, forming a structure where continuous dilute phase and dispersed concentrated phase coexist. The formation and fragmentation of particle clusters in different local regions of the bed have time synchronization. There exists strong effect of solid back-mixing in MFB, leading to relatively low outlet solid flux. The gas back-mixing effect is, however, not so distinct. The axial porosity shows a monotonically increasing distribution with the bed height, but does not strictly follow the single exponential distribution. The solid volume fraction at the bottom of the bed is significantly lower than the correlated value in CFB. The axial heterogeneous distribution of the cross-sectional average porosity in the lower half of the bed is also weakened. The radial porosity shows a distribution pattern of higher in the central region and lower in the sidewall region. Compared with the correlation results in CFB, the porosity near the central region in MFB is relatively low, while the porosity near the sidewall region is relatively high. The geometric size of the container, especially the radial size, is much smaller than that of a CFB. The relative area of contact between the MFB wall and particles is larger, and the wall friction factor becomes more significant. This may be the main reason for the time synchronization of particle agglomeration, severe particle back-mixing, low outlet solid flux, monotonically increasing axial porosity and weak core-annular structure of radial porosity.
Sweeteners and the Gut Microbiome: Effects on Gastrointestinal Cancers
Authors: Al-Ishaq Raghad , Kubatka Peter , Büsselberg Dietrich
Published: July 2023

Worldwide, the demand for natural and synthetic sweeteners in the food industry as an alternative to refined sugar is increasing. This prompted more research to estimate its safety and effect on health. The gut microbiome is critical in metabolizing selected sweeteners, which might affect overall health. Recently, more studies evaluated the relationship between sweeteners and the gut microbiome. This review summarizes the current knowledge addressing the role played by the gut microbiome in metabolizing selected sweeteners. It also addresses the influence of the five selected sweeteners or their metabolites on GI cancer-related pathways. Overall, the observed positive effect of sweetener consumption on GI cancer pathways, such as apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, requires further investigation to understand the underlying mechanism. Furthermore, more research is needed to address the main challenges of studying the field, thus advancing it further.
Exploring the Psychology of Gallivanting, Absenteeism, and Self-Denial Among College Students
Authors: Eslit Edgar R.
Published: July 2023

This review article delves into the intricate psychology behind galivanting, absenteeism, and self-denial among college students. By conducting a meticulous analysis of relevant books, journals, and articles, key psychological factors come to light. The review examines the influence of exploration and identity formation, social motivation, coping mechanisms, lack of motivation or engagement, time management, and self-denial on these behaviors. By addressing gaps in the literature, it provides a deeper understanding of the phenomena at hand. The implications of this study extend to the development of interventions and strategies that address self-denial tendencies, promote effective time management, and foster a supportive learning environment. By shedding light on the intricate interplay of these factors, this paper opens doors for future research and targeted interventions, ultimately aiming to enhance academic engagement, reduce absenteeism, and support the overall well-being and success of college students.
Sodium Butyrate Induces Mitophagy and Apoptosis of Bovine Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells through the mTOR Signaling Pathway
Authors: Ding Yanling , Wang Pengfei , Li Chenglong , Zhang Yanfeng , Yang Chaoyun , Zhou Xiaonan , Wang Xiaowei , Su Zonghua , Ming Wenxuan , Zeng Ling , Shi Yuangang , Li Cong-Jun , Kang Xiaolong
Published: July 2023

Sodium butyrate (NaB) is one of the short-chain fatty acids and is notably produced in large amounts from dietary fiber in the gut. Recent evidence suggests that NaB induces cell proliferation and apoptosis. The skeletal muscle is rich in plenty of mitochondrial. However, it is unclear how NaB acts on host muscle cells and whether it is involved in mitochondria-related functions in myocytes. The present study aimed to investigate the role of NaB treatment on the proliferation, apoptosis, and mitophagy of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells (BSCs). The results showed that NaB inhibited the proliferation and promoted apoptosis of BSCs, and promoted mitophagy in a time and dose-dependent manner in BSCs. In addition, 1mM NaB increased the mitochondrial ROS level, decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), increased the number of autophagic vesicles in mitochondria, and increased the mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) and ATP level. The effects of the mTOR pathway on BSCs were investigated, and the results showed that 1mM NaB inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of mTOR and genes AKT1, FOXO1, and EIF4EBP1 in the mTOR signaling pathway, while the addition of PP242, an inhibitor of the mTOR signaling pathway, also inhibited mRNA and protein expression levels of mTOR, AKT1, FOXO1, and EIF4EBP1, and promoted mitophagy and apoptosis, which were consistent with the effect of NaB treatment. In conclusion, NaB might promote mitophagy and apoptosis in BSCs by inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway. Our results would expand the knowledge of sodium butyrate on bovine skeletal muscle cell state and mitochondrial function.
Elucidating the Anti‐Obesity Potential of Bioactive Fractions of Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Leaves Extract Using a Combination of In Vitro, In Vivo and In Silico Methods Along with Characterization of Lead Compounds through an HPTLC MS‐MSn Analytical Study
Authors: Singh Ravi Pratap , Pattnaik Ashok Kumar , Rudrapal Mithun
Published: July 2023

Bioactive fractions were isolated from the leaves extract of Kalanchoe pinnata and subjected to scrutiny for their prospective anti-obesity properties. An array of in vitro phytochemical, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibition assays were executed, which dis-cerned fractions F1 and F2 as the most effective fractions. These fractions were sub-sequently studied through in vivo experiments, affirming that F2 as the most potent fraction. Further characterization of F2 was conducted via HPTLC MS-MSn tech-niques. The outcomes demonstrated that F2 produced a notable anti-obesity effect in obese mice, reducing their body weight and lipid metrics, and leading to advanta-geous changes in their organs. An analytical examination of F2 revealed the existence of four principal compounds, which were subsequently subjected to in silco molecular docking and dynamic analysis, confirming their aptitude for binding to selected pro-teins. These findings imply that the utilization of Kalanchoe pinnata leaves could pro-vide a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of obesity.
High Dose Rate 192Ir Brachytherapy Source Model Monte Carlo Dosimetry: mHDR-v2 and mHDR-v2r
Authors: Tsuji Shuhei , Narihiro Naomasa , Oita Masataka , Namito Yoshihito , Hirayama Hideo
Published: July 2023

After 2010, the source model of the microSelectron HDR Afterloader System was slightly modified from the previous model. Granero et al. named the modified source model “mHDR-v2r (revised model mHDR-v2)” and the previous model “mHDR-v2”. They concluded that the dosimetric diﬀerences arising from the dimensional changes between the mHDR-v2 and mHDR-v2r designs were negligible at almost all locations (within 0.5 % for r ≥ 0.25 cm), the two-dimensional anisotropy function diﬀerence between the two sources is found 2.1 % at r = 1.0 cm when compared with the results of the other experimental group. To confirm this diﬀerence, we performed a full Monte Carlo simulation without the energy fluence approximation. This is useful near the radiation source where charged-particle equilibrium does not hold. The two-dimensional anisotropy function of the TG-43U1 dataset showed a few percent difference between the mHDR-v2r and mHDR-v2 sources. There was no agreement in the immediate vicinity from the source (0.10 cm and 0.25 cm), when compared to Granero et al. in mHDR-v2r sources. The differences in these two-dimensional anisotropy functions were identified.
Symmetries of the Energy-Momentum Tensor for Static Plane Symmetric Spacetimes
Authors: Khan Fawad , Ullah Wajid , Hussain Tahir , Sumelka Wojciech
Published: July 2023

This article explores matter collineations (MCs) of static plane-symmetric spacetimes, considering the stress-energy tensor in its contravariant and mixed forms. We solve the MC equations in two cases: when the energy-momentum tensor is nondegenerate and degenerate. For the case of degenerate energy-momentum tensor, we employ a direct integration technique to solve the MC equations, which leads to an infinite-dimensional Lie algebra. On the other hand, when considering the nondegenerate energy-momentum tensor, the contravariant form results in a finite-dimensional Lie algebra with dimensions of either 4 or 10. However, in the case of the mixed form of the energy-momentum tensor, the dimension of the Lie algebra is infinite. Moreover, the obtained MCs are compared with those
already found for covariant stress-energy.
Contemporary Antiretroviral Therapy Dysregulates Iron Transport and Augments Mitochondrial Dysfunction in HIV-Infected Human Microglia and Neural-Lineage Cells
Authors: Kaur Harpreet , Minchella Paige , Alvarez-Carbonell David , Purandare Neeraja , NAGAMPALLI VIJAY K. , Blankenberg Daniel , Hulgan Todd , Gerschenson Mariana , Karn Jonathan , Aras Siddhesh , Kallianpur Asha R.
Published: July 2023

HIV-associated cognitive dysfunction during combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) involves mitochondrial dysfunction, but the impact of contemporary cART on chronic metabolic changes in the brain and in latent HIV infection is unclear. We interrogated mitochondrial function in a human microglia (hμglia) cell line harboring inducible HIV provirus, and in SH-SY5Y cells, after exposure to individual antiretroviral drugs or cART, using the MitoStress assay. cART-induced changes in protein expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial DNA copy number, and cellular iron were also explored. Finally, we evaluated the ability of ROS scavengers or plasmid-mediated overexpression of the antioxidant iron-binding protein, Fth1, to reverse mitochondrial defects. Contemporary antiretroviral drugs, particularly bictegravir, depressed multiple facets of mitochondrial function by 20-30%, with most pronounced effects in latently infected-HIV+ hμglia and SH-SY5Y cells. Latently HIV-infected hμglia exhibited upregulated glycolysis. Increases in total and/or mitochondrial ROS, mitochondrial DNA copy number, and cellular iron accompanied mitochondrial defects in hμglia and SH-SY5Y cells. In SH-SY5Y cells, cART reduced mitochondrial iron-sulfur-cluster-containing supercomplex and subunit expression and increased Nox2 expression. Fth1 overexpression or pre-treatment with N-acetylcysteine prevented cART-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Contemporary cART impairs mitochondrial bioenergetics in hμglia and SH-SY5Y cells, partly through cellular iron accumulation; some effects differ by HIV latency.
Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms of Psoriasis
Authors: Mateu-Arrom Laura , Puig Lluís
Published: July 2023

Psoriasis is considered an immune-mediated disease involving the innate and adaptative immune system triggered by environmental risk factors in genetically susceptible individuals. However, its physiopathology is not fully understood yet. Recent technological advances, specially genome and epigenome-wide studies, have allowed a more sensitive study of the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, allowing an enhanced understanding of its physiopathology and facilitating the development of new drugs. In this review, we aim to summarize the current evidence on genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of psoriasis.