bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Wellness Teams in Promoting Health and Wellness Implementation Strategies in Elementary Schools in Chicago
Authors: Jarpe‐Ratner Elizabeth , Cleary Mary , Chriqui Jamie F.
Published: March 2023

Background

Strategies used by wellness teams (WTs) to foster local wellness policy (LWP) implementation have been documented, yet there remains a need to better understand how WTs respond to district‐level LWP requirements, particularly when bundled with additional health‐related policies. This study's goal was to explore how WTs implement Healthy Chicago Public School (CPS), a district‐led initiative focused on both LWP and other health policy implementation in the CPS district, one of the most diverse in the nation.

Methods

Eleven discussion groups were conducted with WTs in CPS. Discussions were recorded, transcribed, and thematically coded.

Results

Six overarching strategies used by WTs in working to achieve Healthy CPS include: (1) using district guides and resources to support planning, progress monitoring, and reporting; (2) under the leadership of wellness champions, as required by the district, facilitating engagement among staff, students, and/or families; (3) taking district guidance and adapting and integrating it into their schools' existing structures, curricula, and practices, often taking a holistic approach; (4) fostering linkages in the communities surrounding their schools to supplement internal school capacities; and (5) stewarding resources, time, and staff for sustainability.

Implications

Strategies for LWP implementation by WTs in urban and diverse schools include planning for staff turnover, integrating health and wellness into existing curricula and structures, and leveraging relationships with the local community.

Conclusion

WTs can play a critical role in supporting schools in diverse, urban districts to implement district‐level LWP and the plethora of related policies that schools are subject to at the federal, state, and district levels.
Gambierdiscus (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae) diversity in Vietnamese waters with description of G. vietnamensis sp. nov.
Authors: Nguyen‐Ngoc Lam , Larsen Jacob , Doan‐Nhu Hai , Nguyen Xuan‐Vy , Chomérat Nicolas , Lundholm Nina , Phan‐Tan Luom , Dao Ha Viet , Nguyen Ngoc‐Lan , Nguyen Huy‐Hoang , Van Chu Thuoc
Published: March 2023

Viet Nam has a coastline of 3200 km with thousands of islands providing diverse habitats for benthic harmful algal species including species of Gambierdiscus. Some of these species produce ciguatera toxins, which may accumulate in large carnivore fish potentially posing major threats to public health. This study reports five species of Gambierdiscus from Vietnamese waters, notably G. australes, G. caribaeus, G. carpenteri, G. pacificus, and G. vietnamensis sp. nov. All species are identified morphologically by LM and SEM, and identifications are supported by molecular analyses of nuclear rDNA (D1–D3 and D8–D10 domains of LSU, SSU, and ITS1‐5.8S‐ITS2 region) based on cultured material collected during 2010–2021. Statistical analyses of morphometric measurements may be used to differentiate some species if a sufficiently large number of cells are examined. Gambierdiscus vietnamensis sp. nov. is morphologically similar to other strongly reticulated species, such as G. belizeanus and possibly G. pacificus; the latter species is morphologically indistinguishable from G. vietnamensis sp. nov., but they are genetically distinct, and molecular analysis is deemed necessary for proper identification of the new species. This study also revealed that strains denoted G. pacificus from Hainan Island (China) should be included in G. vietnamensis sp. nov.
Effects of overwintering on proximate composition, fatty acid composition, serum parameters, antioxidant status, and lipid metabolism in Onychostoma macrolepis
Authors: Gou Nina , Wang Kaifeng , Jin Tiezhi , Yang Bin
Published: March 2023

To investigate the metabolic adaptation and lipid utilization to overwintering in Onychostoma macrolepis (27.05 ± 1.79 g), fish were sampled at 0, 75, and 150 days, respectively. Fish were randomly reared into three outdoor tanks (water temperature range:0–10°C). After overwintering, body weight, viscera index, hepatopancreas index, and intraperitoneal fat index were significantly lower than before (p < 0.05). In liver, the contents of monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) were observed to be the lowest and the highest after 150 days of overwintering, respectively (p < 0.05). In serum, the concentrations of triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol significantly decreased while the activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase significantly increased at Day 75 (p < 0.05). Hepatic antioxidant activities were significantly lower whereas malondialdehyde content was significantly higher at Day 150 (p < 0.05). Serum antioxidant indexes were similar to those in liver. During overwintering, the decrease of TG contents in tissues was influenced by the upregulation of lipidolysis genes. These results indicate that lipids were continuously mobilized as physiological fuels throughout overwintering. Overwintering could result in poor antioxidant status and higher lipid peroxidation level in O. macrolepis.
Text messages to improve child diets: Formative research findings and protocol of a randomised controlled trial in Nepal
Authors: Cunningham Kenda , Pandey Rana Pooja , Rahman Mohammad Masudur , Sen Gupta Aman , Manandhar Shraddha , Frongillo Edward A.
Published: March 2023

Given the role of malnutrition in childhood morbidity and mortality, the prioritisation of maternal and child nutrition programmes has grown significantly in the 21st century. Policies and programmes aim to improve infant and young child feeding, but questions persist about the most effective combination of interventions to achieve desired behaviour change. There is increasing interest in mobile‐based interventions globally, but scant evidence exists to guide donors, policymakers and programme implementers on their effectiveness. Formative research was conducted to assess the feasibility and acceptance of text message‐based interventions and to guide the final design of the text message intervention. This protocol is for a cluster‐randomised controlled trial to test the effectiveness of adding text messaging to other ongoing SBC interventions to promote egg consumption, dietary diversity and other ideal dietary practices, particularly among children 12–23 months of age in Kanchanpur, Nepal. The trial findings will contribute to the emerging body of evidence on the effectiveness of using text messages for behaviour change, specifically for young child dietary outcomes in South Asia. Recent studies have suggested that mobile‐based interventions alone may be insufficient but valuable when added to other social and behavioural interventions; this trial will help to provide evidence for or against this emerging theory. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on 11 March 2019 (ID: NCT03926689) and has been updated twice.
A Novel Mini‐Invasive Technique of Arthroscopic‐Assisted Reduction and Robot‐Assisted Fixation for Trans‐Scaphoid Perilunate Fracture Dislocations
Authors: Yi Zhe , Qi Weiya , Chen Shanlin , Zhang Yuhao , Liu Bo
Published: March 2023

Objective

Perilunate injuries are rare but devastating carpal injuries. The treatment of perilunate injuries remains challenging and contentious. This study aims to describe a novel mini‐invasive surgical technique of arthroscopic‐assisted reduction and robot‐assisted fixation for the treatment of trans‐scaphoid perilunate fracture dislocations (PLFDs).

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed patients with PLFDs after surgical treatment from February 2021 to March 2021. The patients underwent arthroscopic‐assisted precise reduction and robot‐assisted headless screw fixation. Times of guide wire placement were recorded intraoperatively. Periodic follow‐up was performed until union of scaphoid fracture was confirmed. Range of motion of the wrist, grip strength, the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, the Mayo Wrist Score, the Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) score, the Patient‐Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE), and osteoarthritis were evaluated at the final follow‐up.

Results

Two male patients presenting with PLFDs with an average age of 24.5 years old (32 and 17 years) were included in this study. Intraoperatively, anatomic reduction of the scaphoid fracture was achieved under arthroscopic guidance. A robotic‐assisted single‐attempt guidewire insertion was performed for scaphoid fracture and lunotriquetral interval. The CT scans at 8 and 12 weeks showed the union of the scaphoid fracture. At final mean follow‐up of 13.5 months, the extension, radial‐ulnar deviation, and pronation‐supination were consistent with the contralateral side in both patients. One patient experienced mild limited range of motion with the flexion 46° of the injured wrist compared with 81°of the contralateral wrist. The VAS score was 0 and 2. The grip strength was 32 and 26 kg compared with 24 and 42 kg of the contralateral wrist. The PRWE score was 13 and 10 and the QuickDASH score was 2 and 7. The Mayo Wrist Score was 100 and 65. No sign of osteoarthritis was found at the last follow‐up.

Conclusions

Arthroscopic‐assisted reduction and robot‐assisted fixation is a viable and promising alternative for the treatment of perilunate fracture dislocations. This technique allows precise reduction and accurate placement of the K‐wires/screws into the carpal bones through the optimal biomechanical paths.
Similar minds in the family: COVID‐19 centrality and relationship quality
Authors: Buyukcan‐Tetik Asuman , Aydin Cagla , Eisma Maarten C.
Published: March 2023

We examined whether perceived similarity in COVID‐19 centrality (i.e., the extent to which one thinks of the pandemic as shaping current and future life) is associated with family relationship quality during the pandemic. Thinking that other family members are similar to oneself regarding the pandemic's centrality may improve the quality of family relationships. We collected data from Turkish family triads (i.e., mother, father, 18–25 years old child) and had 481 participants from 180 families. Participants rated their similarity in COVID‐19 centrality with the other two family members and reported the general and daily quality of their relationship with them (relationship satisfaction, closeness, conflict). We analyzed the data using the Social Relations Model. We found that family members who, on average, perceived more similarity in COVID‐19 centrality reported higher levels in positive attributes of general relationship quality (i.e., satisfaction and closeness). The effects on conflict and daily relationship quality were less conclusive. This research confirms that family members' reactions during the COVID‐19 pandemic are interdependent. Perceiving that other family members are of similar minds about the centrality of the pandemic relates positively to some aspects of relationship quality.
“What matters to us”: The portrait values questionnaire to measure couple values
Authors: Danioni Francesca , Russo Claudia , Zagrean Ioana , Regalia Camillo , Barni Daniela
Published: March 2023

No previous studies have analyzed values as qualities of relational microsystems, such as the romantic couple. Based on Schwartz's Theory of Human Values, this study examines the psychometric properties of the Portrait Couple Values Questionnaire (PCVQ). It measures four couple value dimensions: conservation, openness to change, self‐enhancement, and self‐transcendence. Five hundred and forty‐six Italian respondents (54.1% women), aged 41.52 years (SD = 7.19; range 23–63) and having a couple relationship, have filled in an anonymous online questionnaire. The results show the good psychometric properties of the PCVQ. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis Magnifying Glass Strategy shows good indexes of fit for each value dimension, except for the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) for openness to change, thus confirming that the PCVQ measures the four values with satisfactory internal consistency. The Multidimensional Scaling results, by showing a Stress‐1 index of 0.07, confirm the circular structure of values because the four value dimensions are in the position predicted by Schwartz's model. Participants' personal and couple values are highly but not perfectly correlated, suggesting that couple values are a related but distinct construct compared to personal values. This study's contribution lies in introducing an innovative construct into the literature on values and couples, proposing a scale to assess it.
Wrinkles in subsecond time perception are synchronized to the heart
Authors: Sadeghi Saeedeh , Wittmann Marc , De Rosa Eve , Anderson Adam K.
Published: March 2023

The role of the heart in the experience of time has been long theorized but empirical evidence is scarce. Here, we examined the interaction between fine‐grained cardiac dynamics and the momentary experience of subsecond intervals. Participants performed a temporal bisection task for brief tones (80–188 ms) synchronized with the heart. We developed a cardiac Drift‐Diffusion Model (cDDM) that embedded contemporaneous heart rate dynamics into the temporal decision model. Results revealed the existence of temporal wrinkles—dilation or contraction of short intervals—in synchrony with cardiac dynamics. A lower prestimulus heart rate was associated with an initial bias in encoding the millisecond‐level stimulus duration as longer, consistent with facilitation of sensory intake. Concurrently, a higher prestimulus heart rate aided more consistent and faster temporal judgments through more efficient evidence accumulation. Additionally, a higher speed of poststimulus cardiac deceleration, a bodily marker of attention, was associated with a greater accumulation of sensory temporal evidence in the cDDM. These findings suggest a unique role of cardiac dynamics in the momentary experience of time. Our cDDM framework opens a new methodological avenue for investigating the role of the heart in time perception and perceptual judgment.
Factors controlling the morphology and internal sediment architecture of moats and their associated contourite drifts
Authors: Wilckens Henriette , Schwenk Tilmann , Lüdmann Thomas , Betzler Christian , Zhang Wenyan , Chen Jiayue , Hernández‐Molina F. Javier , Lefebvre Alice , Cattaneo Antonio , Spieß Volkhard , Miramontes Elda
Published: March 2023

The interaction of sedimentary systems with oceanographic processes in deep‐water environments is not well understood yet, despite its importance for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions, and for a full understanding of source‐to‐sink sediment transport. The aim of this study is to improve the understanding of how contourite moats, elongated depressions formed by bottom currents associated with contourite drifts, develop and of the link between moat‐drift system morphology and bottom current dynamics. This study provides a systematic comparison of 185 cross‐sections of moat‐drift systems distributed at 39 different locations worldwide, and a detailed analysis of the morphology of six moats that cover a wide range of typical geological and hydrodynamic settings. Additionally, in situ measured current data were analysed to better link hydrodynamics to moat morphology. The median of all profiles across all moat‐drift systems reveals a 50 m relief, a width of 2.3 km, a relief to width ratio of 0.022, a slope angle of 6°, a drift angle of 3° and a concave‐up shaped morphology. Moats can be over 100 km long. Some moats are driven by sediment erosion while others are depositional and primarily exist due to differential sedimentation inside the moat compared to the drift alongside the moat. A new sub‐classification of moat‐drift systems based on their stratigraphy is proposed. This classification distinguishes moats depending on the degree of erosion versus deposition. No relation is found between latitude and moat‐drift morphology or stratigraphy in the analysed examples. The combined data indicate that a steeper slope focuses the current more than a gentle slope, resulting in an increase of the relief–width ratio and drift angle. Thus, this study provides new insights into the interaction of ocean currents with sedimentary morphology, which thereby affects the evolution of a poorly understood deep‐water sedimentary system.
Whatever happened to municipal radicalism?
Authors: Thompson Matthew
Published: March 2023

What can the municipal state do to radically transform urban economies? Local government in countries such as the UK has been historically tasked with delivering public services; rarely extending its remit to economic development, let alone community‐led forms promoting economic democracy, at least not since 1980s municipal socialism. But times are changing, and the UK case provides some telling examples of what is now possible. Community wealth building, cooperative development and foundational economy approaches are fast gaining traction in municipalities across the UK, through emergent public‐common‐philanthropic partnerships with progressive think tanks, cooperative development agencies, community enterprises, foundations and charitable trusts. This article explores complexifying relations between the state, the cooperative movement and the non‐profit industrial complex in the pursuit of sustainable and generative economic development as playing out differently in urban policy experiments in the English cities of Preston and Plymouth. The article contributes to current debates on local state restructuring, municipal statecraft and urban entrepreneurialism by critically comparing these place‐based variegations of municipal‐cooperative development with previous waves, and with more financialised and extractivist forms of statecraft, drawing out implications for praxis.
The estimated negative impacts on the red blood cell inventory of reducing shelf‐life at two large health authorities in British Columbia, Canada, using a discrete‐event simulation model
Authors: Hutspardol Sakara , Sham Lawrence , Zamar David , Sekhon Amardeep Singh , Jacobucci Tina , Chan Colleen , Onell Rodrigo , Shih Andrew W.
Published: March 2023

Background and Objectives

Reducing the maximum red blood cell (RBC) shelf‐life is under consideration due to potential negative effects of older blood. An assessment of the impacts of this change on blood supply chain management is evaluated.

Materials and Methods

We performed a simulation study using data from 2017 to 2018 to estimate the outdate rate (ODR), STAT order and non‐group‐specific RBC transfusion at two Canadian health authorities (HAs).

Results

Shortening shelf‐life from 42 to 35 and 28 days led to the following: ODRs (in percentage) in both HAs increased from 0.52% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.50–0.54) to 1.32% (95% CI 1.26–1.38) and 5.47% (95% CI 5.34–5.60), respectively (p < 0.05). The estimated yearly median of outdated RBCs increased from 220 (interquartile range [IQR] 199–242) to 549 (IQR 530–576) and 2422 (IQR 2308–2470), respectively (p < 0.05). The median number of outdated redistributed units increased from 152 (IQR 136–168) to 356 (IQR 331–369) and 1644 (IQR 1591–1741), respectively (p < 0.05). The majority of outdated RBC units were from redistributed units rather than units ordered from the blood supplier.

The estimated weekly mean STAT orders increased from 11.4 (95% CI 11.2–11.5) to 14.1 (95% CI 13.1–14.3) and 20.9 (95% CI 20.6–21.1), respectively (p < 0.001). The non‐group‐specific RBC transfusion rate increased from 4.7% (95% CI 4.6–4.8) to 8.1% (95% CI 7.9–8.3) and 15.6% (95% CI 15.3–16.4), respectively (p < 0.001). Changes in ordering schedules, decreased inventory levels and fresher blood received simulated minimally mitigated these impacts.

Conclusion

Decreasing RBC shelf‐life negatively impacted RBC inventory management, including increasing RBC outdating and STAT orders, which supply modifications minimally mitigate.
Professional and Academic Perspectives of Pharmacy Students: A Cross Sectional-Study from Brazil
Authors: Sena Maria Pantoja Moreira de , Pantoja Ronaldo Oliveira , Lima Tácio De Mendonça , Ribeiro Carolina Heitmann Mares Azevedo , Silva Marcos Valério Santos da , Vieira José Luiz Fernandes , Sena Luann Wendel Pereira de
Published: March 2023

The study aims to assess the professional and academic expectations of pharmacy students of faculties that lives in the northern region of Brazil. Data were collected via a printed questionnaire. The number of students that answered the questionnaire was 600. Regards to academic life, 74.6% believe that faculties offer ideal opportunities. The most desired areas of activity were clinical and hospital pharmacies (45%) and commercial pharmacies (32.3%). Their salary expectations are higher than six national minimum wages. The profession is experiencing a period of enormous positive transformations. The study provides a general view of the several fields of work for pharmacy students to plan and conduct their professional activities to improve the health of the population.
Epistemología de la educación inclusiva
Authors: Ocampo-González Aldo
Published: March 2023

La educación inclusiva como proyecto intelectual y político focaliza su campo de trabajo en la atención a las relaciones de poder y las desigualdades sociales. El objetivo de este trabajo es explorar los engranajes que ensamblan parte de la comprensión epistemológica de la educación inclusiva por fuera de las regulaciones intelectuales imputadas por lo especial. El método empleado en esta oportunidad es el de revisión documental crítica. El trabajo concluye que uno de los problemas de la razón de la educación inclusiva habita un registro en el que el proceder de su razón no se comprende, ni se conoce.
Inclusión y justicia simbólica en experiencias lectoliterarias escolares
Authors: Sánchez-Lara Ricardo Antonio
Published: March 2023

La lectura literaria escolar es una preocupación permanente y múltiple, sin embargo, en Latinoamérica se han invisibilizado, en general, perspectivas científicas y analíticas que exceden, política y epistémicamente, su relación con la medición tecnificante y con la supuesta independencia entre el observador y la observación. En este contexto investigativo, es posible afirmar que existe un diálogo poco explorado: la relación entre justicia simbólica y prácticas lectoras, más concretamente, la relación entre inclusión, exclusión y lectura escolar de textos literarios.

En consecuencia, el objetivo de este artículo es analizar, en experiencias de lectura literaria escolar, diversos mecanismos de inclusión y exclusión desde la perspectiva crítico-analítica de la justicia simbólica. Específicamente se propone: 1.- describir las experiencias reportadas por estudiantes de distintos tipos de escolarización (pagada, pública y mixta), 2.- distinguir disposiciones de exclusión e inclusión y, 3.- situar dichas disposiciones en coordenadas epistémicas que permitan reflexionar en torno al carácter político de la lectura literaria escolar.

Metodológicamente, el trabajo se inserta en un paradigma pospositivista que reconoce la multiplicidad de experiencias como ocurrencias siempre legítimas, constructivas de realidad y dependientes de los contextos socioculturales donde operan los acontecimientos lectores. Con un diseño biográfico-narrativo de enfoque cualitativo, se aplicarán dos técnicas de producción de información (escritura de incidentes críticos y entrevistas semiestructuradas de trayectorias lectoras) que permitirán, en términos analíticos, examinar desde el análisis crítico del discurso un corpus de 12 experiencias reportadas por 6 estudiantes chilenos, en tres niveles: textual, como práctica discursiva y como práctica social. 

Entre los resultados destacan:

1.- Las condiciones político-didácticas de las llamadas “buenas experiencias de lectura”, no reconocen la mediación pedagógica y se corresponden, en general, con ocurrencias débilmente devenidas del discurso curricular. Por el contrario, las llamadas “malas experiencias de lectura”, son consecuencia de mediaciones pedagógicas informadas por sustratos técnicos, universales y acríticos (desprendidos del currículum oficial).

2-. Los principales mecanismos de exclusión operan como cristalizaciones de una postura epistémica que niega la dependencia entre el observador y la observación, materializándose en invisibilizaciones biográficas, expresiones homogéneas y autoasimilaciones lectoras. Contrariamente, los principales mecanismos de inclusión están mediados por disposiciones extraescolares que se concretan en procesos poéticos y catárquicos, gatillados siempre por recurrencias sociales, tradiciones familiares o intereses estético-creativos.
Segregación escolar de estudiantes migrantes en escuelas de Santiago, Chile
Authors: Córdoba-Calquin Claudia Alejandra , Rojas-Patuelli Karina Hortensia , González-Lagos Rodrigo Edgardo
Published: March 2023

El sistema escolar chileno escolariza de forma creciente a estudiantes migrantes, quienes asisten preferentemente a escuelas públicas, concentrándose en algunos establecimientos de ciertas comunas. Esta tendencia suele ser explicada por su patrón residencial, hipótesis que es analizada en este trabajo. Para ello se desarrolla un estudio cuantitativo que explota datos secundarios para escuelas que concentran estudiantes extranjeros y escuelas vecinas que no. Se concluye que ni el patrón residencial ni la dependencia administrativa explican la concentración de alumnado migrante y que en este fenómeno incidirían otras características de las escuelas, así como la acción de las familias.
Modeling and Analysis of the Leading-Edge Vortex on Flapping Foil Turbines in Swing-Arm Mode
Authors: Hamada Ahmed A. , Fürth Mirjam
Published: March 2023

Hydrokinetic flapping foil turbines in swing-arm mode have gained considerable interest in recent years because of their enhanced capability to extract power, and improved efficiency compared to foils in simple mode. The performance of foil turbines is closely linked to the development and separation of the leading-edge vortex (LEV). The paper's aim is to develop a purpose-built 2D numerical model to present the capability of integrating the weighted residual finite element method (FEM) with the interface capturing technique, level-set method (LSM), in providing a high-quality numerical simulation of the flapping foil in swing-arm mode, by accurately modeling the formation and the separation of the LEV on flapping foils. The solvers were validated against well-known static and dynamic benchmark problems and the effect of the mesh density was analyzed and discussed. This paper further covers an initial investigation of the hydrodynamics of flapping foil in swing-arm mode, by studying the structure of the vortex around a NACA0012 foil. The presented method helps to provide a better understanding of the relation between the Leading-Edge Vortex creation, growth, and separation over the flapping foil in swing-arm mode and the extracted power from a hydrokinetic turbine.
Biodiversity assessment using passive acoustic recordings from off-reef location—Unsupervised learning to classify fish vocalization
Authors: Mahale Vasudev P. , Chanda Kranthikumar , Chakraborty Bishwajit , Salkar Tejas , Sreekanth G. B.
Published: March 2023

We present the quantitative characterization of Grande Island's off-reef acoustic environment within the Zuari estuary during the pre-monsoon period. Passive acoustic recordings reveal prominent fish choruses. Detailed characteristics of the call employing oscillograms and individual fish call parameters of the segmented data include vocal groups such as Sciaenidae, Terapon theraps, and planktivorous as well as invertebrate sounds, e.g., snapping shrimp. We calculated biodiversity parameters (i) Acoustic Evenness Index (AEI), (ii) Acoustic Complexity Index (ACI), and mean sound pressure level (SPLrms) for three frequency bands such as full band (50–22 050 Hz), the low-frequency fish band (100–2000 Hz), and the high-frequency shrimp band (2000–20 000 Hz). Here, ACI and AEI metrics characterize the location's soundscape data effectively indicating increased biodiversity of fish species for both the low-frequency and high-frequency bands. Whereas variations for SPLrms are prominent for three frequency bands. Moreover, we employ unsupervised classification through a hybrid technique comprising principal component analysis (PCA) and K-means clustering for data features of four fish sound types. Employed PCA for dimensionality reduction and related K-means clustering successfully provides 96.20%, 76.81%, 100.00%, and 86.36% classification during the dominant fish chorus. Overall, classification performance (89.84%) is helpful in the real-time monitoring of the fish stocks in the ecosystem.
The origin of loud claps during endovenous laser treatments
Authors: Yusupov Vladimir , Chudnovskii Vladimir
Published: March 2023

Optoacoustic and ultrasound methods have shown that the loud “claps” perceived by patients and medical staff during endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) are caused by volumetric blood boiling when large vapor–gas bubbles appear and collapse under the action of laser radiation, which is well absorbed in water. Acoustic effects when using lasers in the near infrared range (1.94, 1.47, and 0.97 μm) were studied in an experiment with non-deaerated water, as well as in EVLA. The nature of these acoustic signals was investigated using high-speed video recording. It turned out that the amplitude of the emerging acoustic pulses in the case of surface boiling, which prevails when using lasers with a wavelength of 0.97 μm, is two orders of magnitude smaller than in the case of volumetric boiling (1.94 and 1.47 μm). The reasons for the decrease in sound effects in this case are associated with numerous microbubbles at the tip of the laser fiber. The results obtained may be useful for further understanding of the mechanisms of EVLA.
Knockdown of deleterious miRNA in progenitor cell–derived small extracellular vesicles enhances tissue repair in myocardial infarction
Authors: Park Hyun-Ji , Hoffman Jessica R. , Brown Milton E. , Bheri Sruti , Brazhkina Olga , Son Young Hoon , Davis Michael E.
Published: March 2023

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) play a critical role in cardiac cell therapy by delivering molecular cargo and mediating cellular signaling. Among sEV cargo molecule types, microRNA (miRNA) is particularly potent and highly heterogeneous. However, not all miRNAs in sEV are beneficial. Two previous studies using computational modeling identified miR-192-5p and miR-432-5p as potentially deleterious in cardiac function and repair. Here, we show that knocking down miR-192-5p and miR-432-5p in cardiac c-kit
+
cell (CPC)–derived sEVs enhances the therapeutic capabilities of sEVs in vitro and in a rat in vivo model of cardiac ischemia reperfusion. miR-192-5p– and miR-432-5p–depleted CPC-sEVs enhance cardiac function by reducing fibrosis and necrotic inflammatory responses. miR-192-5p–depleted CPC-sEVs also enhance mesenchymal stromal cell–like cell mobilization. Knocking down deleterious miRNAs from sEV could be a promising therapeutic strategy for treatment of chronic myocardial infarction.
CREB3L2-ATF4 heterodimerization defines a transcriptional hub of Alzheimer’s disease gene expression linked to neuropathology
Authors: Gouveia Roque Cláudio , Chung Kyung Min , McCurdy Ethan P. , Jagannathan Radhika , Randolph Lisa K. , Herline-Killian Krystal , Baleriola Jimena , Hengst Ulrich
Published: March 2023

Gene expression is changed by disease, but how these molecular responses arise and contribute to pathophysiology remains less understood. We discover that β-amyloid, a trigger of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), promotes the formation of pathological CREB3L2-ATF4 transcription factor heterodimers in neurons. Through a multilevel approach based on AD datasets and a novel chemogenetic method that resolves the genomic binding profile of dimeric transcription factors (ChIPmera), we find that CREB3L2-ATF4 activates a transcription network that interacts with roughly half of the genes differentially expressed in AD, including subsets associated with β-amyloid and tau neuropathologies. CREB3L2-ATF4 activation drives tau hyperphosphorylation and secretion in neurons, in addition to misregulating the retromer, an endosomal complex linked to AD pathogenesis. We further provide evidence for increased heterodimer signaling in AD brain and identify dovitinib as a candidate molecule for normalizing β-amyloid–mediated transcriptional responses. The findings overall reveal differential transcription factor dimerization as a mechanism linking disease stimuli to the development of pathogenic cellular states.
Social media: Why sharing interferes with telling true from false
Authors: Reyna Valerie F.
Published: March 2023

Sharing on social media decreases true-false discrimination but focusing on accuracy helps people recognize what they already know. Process-oriented research offers hope in combatting misinformation.
Immune checkpoint blockade induces gut microbiota translocation that augments extraintestinal antitumor immunity
Authors: Choi Yongbin , Lichterman Jake N. , Coughlin Laura A. , Poulides Nicole , Li Wenling , Del Valle Priscilla , Palmer Suzette N. , Gan Shuheng , Kim Jiwoong , Zhan Xiaowei , Gao Yajing , Evers Bret M. , Hooper Lora V. , Pasare Chandrashekhar , Koh Andrew Y.
Published: March 2023

Gut microbiota, specifically gut bacteria, are critical for effective immune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICT) for cancer. The mechanisms by which gut microbiota augment extraintestinal anticancer immune responses, however, are largely unknown. Here, we find that ICT induces the translocation of specific endogenous gut bacteria into secondary lymphoid organs and subcutaneous melanoma tumors. Mechanistically, ICT induces lymph node remodeling and dendritic cell (DC) activation, which facilitates the translocation of a selective subset of gut bacteria to extraintestinal tissues to promote optimal antitumor T cell responses in both the tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) and the primary tumor. Antibiotic treatment results in decreased gut microbiota translocation into mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) and TDLNs, diminished DC and effector CD8
+
T cell responses, and attenuated responses to ICT. Our findings illuminate a key mechanism by which gut microbiota promote extraintestinal anticancer immunity.
Long-term outcomes of moyamoya disease versus atherosclerosis-associated moyamoya vasculopathy using high-resolution MR vessel wall imaging
Authors: Lu Mingming , Zhang Hongtao , Liu Shitong , Liu Dongqing , Peng Peng , Hao Fangbin , Yuan Fei , Liu Yuan , Sheng Fugeng , Zhang Lichen , Zhao Xihai , He Yao , Han Cong , Cai Jianming
Published: March 2023

Objectives

We aimed to compare the long-term outcomes and surgical benefits between moyamoya disease (MMD) and atherosclerosis-associated moyamoya vasculopathy (AS-MMV) using high-resolution MRI (HRMRI).

Methods

MMV patients were retrospectively included and divided into the MMD and AS-MMV groups according to vessel wall features on HRMRI. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression were performed to compare the incidence of cerebrovascular events and prognosis of encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS) treatment between MMD and AS-MMV.

Results

Of the 1173 patients (mean age: 42.4±11.0 years; male: 51.0%) included in the study, 881 were classified into the MMD group and 292 into the AS-MMV group. During the average follow-up of 46.0±24.7 months, the incidence of cerebrovascular events in the MMD group was higher compared with that in the AS-MMV group before (13.7% vs 7.2%; HR 1.86; 95% CI 1.17 to 2.96; p=0.008) and after propensity score matching (6.1% vs 7.3%; HR 2.24; 95% CI 1.34 to 3.76; p=0.002). Additionally, patients treated with EDAS had a lower incidence of events than those not treated with EDAS, regardless of whether they were in the MMD (HR 0.65; 95% CI 0.42 to 0.97; p=0.043) or AS-MMV group (HR 0.49; 95% CI 0.51 to 0.98; p=0.048).

Conclusions

Patients with MMD had a higher risk of ischaemic stroke than those with AS-MMV, and patients with both MMD and AS-MMV could benefit from EDAS. Our findings suggest that HRMRI could be used to identify those who are at a higher risk of future cerebrovascular events.
Mango malformation: etiology, symptoms, distribution and cultivar susceptibility in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Garcia-Lopez E. , Batista-Marte C.M. , Serra C.A. , Sosa-Natta A.S. , Villegas-Monter A. , Hernandez-Castro E. , Camacho-Tapia M. , Mora-Aguilera J.A.
Published: March 2023

Mango malformation disease (MMD) caused by Fusarium species has become an important disease of mango ( Mangifera indica L.) orchards worldwide. In the Dominican Republic, MMD was first observed in 2008 in orchards of Azua and Peravia provinces, with incidence of up to 50%. This study aimed to estimate the malformation prevalence and distribution in the main mango growing areas of the Dominican Republic and to assess the susceptibility of six commercial cultivars commonly grown in this country. Mango malformation was found in 18 out of 58 orchards, all located in Peravia and Azua. Peravia showed the highest incidence, with values of up to 75% (2013) and 87.5% (2014), and the interpolative analysis made with ArcGIS showed this province as being more inductive for Fusarium spp. occurrence. Pathogenicity tests were conducted in 2013 and 2014 on 10-month-old healthy mango plants per cultivar. Inoculation was done by infiltration of Fusarium pseudocircinatum and Fusarium decemcellulare conidial suspensions into the vegetative apical buds, singly and in combination. In inoculated plants, symptoms such as loss of apical dominance, excessive proliferation of apical or axillary buds with thickened stems, and reduction of leaf lamina were associated with F. pseudocircinatum. In addition to these symptoms, leathery protuberant buds and eventual death of infiltrated plants were associated with F. decemcellulare, singly or coinoculated with F. pseudocircinatum. Based on a disease severity index (DSI), “Tommy Atkins” was tolerant (DSI = 7.8%) and “Puntica” and “Banilejo” were highly susceptible (DSI = 22% and 28.5%).
Progress in understanding the methane sink and methanotrophs in karst caves
Authors: Gong Sitong , Luo Weijun , Hao Likai , Wang Shijie
Published: March 2023

Karst caves are considered sinks for atmospheric CH4 due to their sub-atmospheric CH4 concentrations. Isotopic and molecular analyses suggest that methanotrophic bacteria ( MOB) play an important role in consumption of CH4 in caves. Previous research has established that the biogeographic patterns of microorganisms exist widely and is created and maintained by different ecological processes. Considering the great potential of cave MOB in CH4 oxidation, understanding the assembly and working mechanisms will have practical implications for understanding and utilizing cave ecological resources. In this review, we have summarized the information collected thus far on CH4 sources and sinks in caves, MOB phylogeny, and MOB ecophysiology. We applied this knowledge to discuss the factors that may influence the composition and distribution of cave MOB communities in the context of karst geology. Finally, we review the relevant methods and theories and discuss the opportunities and challenges involved in the predictive description of microbial processes of cave CH4 consumption.
Polarity dependence of CO2 conversion in nanosecond pulsed large gap dielectric barrier discharges
Authors: Mousazadeh Borghei Sepideh , Brüser Volker , Kolb Juergen F.
Published: March 2023

The splitting of carbon dioxide was investigated for a coaxial dielectric barrier discharge, which was operated with nanosecond high-voltage pulses of 500 ns and amplitudes up to 20 kV at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. A non-thermal plasma could be established across a gap distance of 4 mm and a length of 90 mm for gas flows of 30–210 sccm of pure CO2 and with admixtures of Argon. The application of high-voltage pulses of either positive or negative polarity resulted in distinct differences in effective conversion and CO production. The highest observed conversion of 6.6%, corresponding to a CO production of 7%, was achieved for positive high-voltage pulses of 20 kV that were applied with a repetition rate of 3 kHz for a ratio of CO2:Ar of 1:2 at a flow rate of 30 sccm. Conversely, an operation with negative high-voltage pulses, for otherwise the same operating parameters, resulted in an effective conversion of only 5.3% and CO production of 5.4%. The corresponding conversion rates for specific energy input (SEI), concerning different operating parameters, could be related to reaction enthalpies that were calculated from thermodynamic functions. The differences in polarity were associated with discharge characteristics, i.e., plasmas appeared more filamentary for positive high-voltage pulses. In this case, a visible plasma could also be established for much lower pulse amplitudes.

Graphical Abstract
Higher-dimensional polytropic and modified Chaplygin black holes: Thermodynamics and heat engines
Authors: Debnath Ujjal
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we have assumed that the thermodynamic pressure may be generated by the negative cosmological constant and the thermodynamic parameters of the n-dimensional asymptotically Anti-de Sitter (AdS)-Tangherlini black holes are identical with the polytropic gas and modified Chaplygin gas separately. The black hole mass, volume, entropy, and temperature have been written due to the assigned gases’ thermodynamic system. We found the solutions of Einstein’s field equations of n-dimensional black hole for polytropic gas and modified Chaplygin gas. The null energy condition, weak energy condition, strong energy condition, and dominant energy condition have been examined for the fluid sources in n-dimensional black hole system due to both the gases. We found that the four energy conditions completely depend on the model parameters and the dimensions of the spacetime. We have studied the heat engine phenomena for both the black holes and analyzed the work done with the efficiencies due to the Carnot and other cycles.
Study of nonlinear time-fractional hyperbolic-like equations with variable coefficients via semi-analytical technique: Differential 𝕁-transform method
Authors: Singh Brajesh Kumar , Kumar A. , Rai S. N. , Prakasha D. G.
Published: March 2023

This work proposes a semi-analytical new hybrid approach, so-called differential [Formula: see text]-transform method (D[Formula: see text]TM), to evaluate the behavior of n-space dimensional fractional-nonlinear hyperbolic-like wave equations, where time-fractional derivative is considered in Caputo format. The D[Formula: see text]TM is the hybrid method in which projected differential transform is implemented after imposing the recently introduced integral transform, i.e., so-called [Formula: see text] transform [W. Zhao and S. Maitama, J. Appl. Anal. Comput. 10, 1223 (2020)]. The efficiency and applicability of the proposed D[Formula: see text]TM had been tested by considering three different test examples of the Caputo time-fractional nonlinear hyperbolic-like wave equations in terms of absolute error norms, and the different order D[Formula: see text]TM solutions are compared with exact solution behaviors and the existing results, for the large time level [Formula: see text]. In addition, the convergence analysis of D[Formula: see text]TM is studied theoretically and verified it numerically as well as graphically, which confirms that the numerical experiments via D[Formula: see text]TM for distinct fractional orders support the theoretical findings excellently, and the presented D[Formula: see text]TM results converge to their exact solution behavior, very fast. The evaluated series approximations are expressed in the compact form of Mittag-Leffler functions.
Influences of lubrication on asymmetric peristaltic movement and its bifurcation
Authors: Mahmood W. , Sajid M. , Sadiq M. N. , Ali N. , Ullah K.
Published: March 2023

Peristaltic motions are used in a variety of industrial and real-world problems such as pumping mixture with such a high solid content from the mining sector, biogases, sewers facilities, food flow through the gastrointestinal system, urinary tract, and fallopian tube of human females where extremely abrasive, gritty, and viscous fluids are present. The goal of this theoretical study is to examine the impact of the lubricated walls on the peristaltic transport of a viscous fluid in an asymmetric medium. The interfacial condition is derived under the assumptions of thin film lubrication and long wavelength approximation. The theory of a dynamical system is utilized to examine the lubrication effects on the position and bifurcation of stagnation points in the flow. For this, three flow distributions, backward flow, trapping, and augmented flow, are discussed. The obtained system of equations is solved numerically by the shooting method based on Newton–Raphson root-finding algorithm in Mathematica. The prime findings for the velocity profile, pressure increase, trapping, and reflux criteria are illustrated through graphs. Bifurcation occurs earlier by increasing the influence of lubrication. The trapping area diminishes and the augmented flow section expands with the lubrication parameter. This will be useful for medical engineering, industrial and physiological systems. The comparison for the particular case of no-slip condition is presented and found to be in excellent agreement.
An Empirical Investigation of ERP System Self-Efficacy Beliefs: Examining the Effects of ERP System Characteristics
Authors: Hasan Bassam
Published: March 2023

Computer self-efficacy (CSE) is well recognised as a significant and reliable determinant of enterprise resource planning (ERP) adoption and utilisation. However, CSE is a multifaceted concept that can be applied at a general computing level or an application-specific level, most past studies of CSE in ERP settings failed to make this distinction or examine CSE towards ERP systems and focused predominantly on CSE as a general computing construct. Furthermore, past research has focused on investigating the consequences of CSE in ERP-related behaviours and little or no attention has been given to exploring factors that can influence CSE at the ERP level. This study attempts to address these two issues and fill this void in the literature. First, this study seeks to address and examine CSE at the ERP system level. Second, this study will focus on investigating external factors affecting ERP self-efficacy beliefs. The external factors examined in this study are the ERP system characteristics of user interface, complexity, and learnability on. The results provide strong support for the effects of ERP user interface, complexity, and learnability on ERP self-efficacy beliefs. ERP user interface also demonstrated a significant impact on perceived complexity and learnability of ERP systems. Several practical and research contributions can be drawn from the findings reported in this study.
The Political Elite’s Thematic Framing of China in Recent Central European Elections
Authors: HORNAT JAN , CSICSMANN LÁSZLÓ , STARZYK-SULEJEWSKA JOANNA
Published: March 2023

China is geographically distant from Central European states, but cultural, economic and political exchanges between the regions are increasing. As such, the perception of China in these societies is susceptible to frames and narratives that are either instrumentally or organically created by local political elites. This paper aims to scrutinize the narratives and frames employed in the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland during their most recent election cycles. It identifies five basic types of frames employed in the selected countries: sovereignty, opportunity, the balance of trade, debt-traps and human rights. This paper then concludes by evaluating these thematic frames and summarizes the key similarities in public discourses concerning relations with China.