bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanics and Historical Evolution of Sea Level Blowouts in New York Harbor
Authors: Gurumurthy Praneeth , Orton Philip M. , Talke Stefan A. , Georgas Nickitas , Booth James F.
Published: May 2019

Wind-induced sea level blowouts, measured as negative storm surge or extreme low water (ELW), produce public safety hazards and impose economic costs (e.g., to shipping). In this paper, we use a regional hydrodynamic numerical model to test the effect of historical environmental change and the time scale, direction, and magnitude of wind forcing on negative and positive surge events in the New York Harbor (NYH). Environmental sensitivity experiments show that dredging of shipping channels is an important factor affecting blowouts while changing ice cover and removal of other roughness elements are unimportant in NYH. Continuously measured water level records since 1860 show a trend towards smaller negative surge magnitudes (measured minus predicted water level) but do not show a significant change to ELW magnitudes after removing the sea-level trend. Model results suggest that the smaller negative surges occur in the deeper, dredged modern system due to a reduced tide-surge interaction, primarily through a reduced phase shift in the predicted tide. The sensitivity of surge to wind direction changes spatially with remote wind effects dominating local wind effects near NYH. Convergent coastlines that amplify positive surges also amplify negative surges, a process we term inverse coastal funneling.
HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome Is Associated with Aberrant T Cell Function and Increased Cytokine Responses
Authors: Meya David B. , Okurut Samuel , Zziwa Godfrey , Cose Stephen , Boulware David R. , Janoff Edward N.
Published: May 2019

Cryptococcal meningitis remains a significant opportunistic infection among HIV-infected patients, contributing 15–20% of HIV-related mortality. A complication of initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) following opportunistic infection is immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). IRIS afflicts 10–30% of HIV-infected patients with cryptococcal meningitis (CM), but its immunopathogenesis is poorly understood. We compared circulating T cell memory subsets and cytokine responses among 17 HIV-infected Ugandans with CM: 11 with and 6 without CM-IRIS. At meningitis diagnosis, stimulation with cryptococcal capsule component, glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) elicited consistently lower frequencies of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell memory subsets expressing intracellular cytokines (IL-2, IFN-γ, and IL-17) among subjects who subsequently developed CM-IRIS. After ART initiation, T cells evolved to show a decreased CD8+ central memory phenotype. At the onset of CM-IRIS, stimulation more frequently generated polyfunctional IL-2+/IL-17+ CD4+ T cells in patients with CM-IRIS. Moreover, CD8+ central and effector memory T cells from CM-IRIS subjects also demonstrated more robust IL-2 responses to antigenic stimulation vs. controls. Thus, ART during CM elicits distinct differences in T cell cytokine production in response to cryptococcal antigens both prior to and during the development of IRIS, suggesting an immunologic foundation for the development of this morbid complication of CM infection.
Exploration Using Without-Replacement Sampling of Actions Is Sometimes Inferior
Authors: Carden Stephen W. , Walker S. Dalton
Published: May 2019

In many statistical and machine learning applications, without-replacement sampling is considered superior to with-replacement sampling. In some cases, this has been proven, and in others the heuristic is so intuitively attractive that it is taken for granted. In reinforcement learning, many count-based exploration strategies are justified by reliance on the aforementioned heuristic. This paper will detail the non-intuitive discovery that when measuring the goodness of an exploration strategy by the stochastic shortest path to a goal state, there is a class of processes for which an action selection strategy based on without-replacement sampling of actions can be worse than with-replacement sampling. Specifically, the expected time until a specified goal state is first reached can be provably larger under without-replacement sampling. Numerical experiments describe the frequency and severity of this inferiority.
A New Method to Optimize the Satisfaction Level of the Decision Maker in Fuzzy Geometric Programming Problems
Authors: Khorsandi Armita , Cao Bing-Yuan , Nasseri Hadi
Published: May 2019

Geometric programming problems are well-known in mathematical modeling. They are broadly used in diverse practical fields that are contemplated through an appropriate methodology. In this paper, a multi-parametric vector α is proposed for approaching the highest decision maker satisfaction. Hitherto, the simple parameter α , which has a scalar role, has been considered in the problem. The parameter α is a vector whose range is within the region of the satisfaction area. Conventionally, it is assumed that the decision maker is sure about the parameters, but, in reality, it is mostly hesitant about them, so the parameters are presented in fuzzy numbers. In this method, the decision maker can attain different satisfaction levels in each constraint, and even full satisfaction can be reached in some constraints. The goal is to find the highest satisfaction degree to maintain an optimal solution. Moreover, the objective function is turned into a constraint, i.e., one more dimension is added to n-dimensional multi-parametric α . Thus, the fuzzy geometric programming problem under this multi-parametric vector α ∈ ( 0 , 1 ] n + 1 gives a maximum satisfaction level to the decision maker. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the proposed method and the superiority of this multi-parametric α over the simple one.
New Inertial Forward-Backward Mid-Point Methods for Sum of Infinitely Many Accretive Mappings, Variational Inequalities, and Applications
Authors: Wei Li , Shang Yingzi , Agarwal Ravi P.
Published: May 2019

Some new inertial forward-backward projection iterative algorithms are designed in a real Hilbert space. Under mild assumptions, some strong convergence theorems for common zero points of the sum of two kinds of infinitely many accretive mappings are proved. New projection sets are constructed which provide multiple choices of the iterative sequences. Some already existing iterative algorithms are demonstrated to be special cases of ours. Some inequalities of metric projection and real number sequences are widely used in the proof of the main results. The iterative algorithms have also been modified and extended from pure discussion on the sum of accretive mappings or pure study on variational inequalities to that for both, which complements the previous work. Moreover, the applications of the abstract results on nonlinear capillarity systems are exemplified.
Matrix Metalloproteinases System and Types of Fibrosis in Rat Heart during Late Pregnancy and Postpartum
Authors: Virgen-Ortiz Adolfo , Limón-Miranda Saraí , Salazar-Enríquez Diana Guadalupe , Melnikov Valery , Sánchez-Pastor Enrique Alejandro , Castro-Rodríguez Elena Margarita
Published: May 2019

Background and objectives: Cardiac remodeling in pregnancy and postpartum is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in cardiac fibrosis (pericardial, perivascular, and interstitial), as well as the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9) and their inhibitors (Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, TIMP-1 and TIMP-4) during late pregnancy and postpartum in rat left ventricle. Materials and Methods: Female Sprague–Dawley rats were used for this study. Rats were divided three groups: non-pregnant, late pregnancy, and postpartum. The heart was weighed and cardiac fibrosis was studied by conventional histological procedures. The expression and transcript level of target proteins were evaluated using immunoblot techniques and quantitative PCR. Results: The experiments showed an increase of perivascular, pericardial, and interstitial fibrosis in heart during pregnancy and its reversion in postpartum. Moreover, in late pregnancy, MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 metalloproteinases were downregulated and TIMP-1 and TIMP-4 were upregulated in left ventricle. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the metalloproteinases system is involved in the cardiac extracellular matrix remodeling during pregnancy and its reversion in postpartum, this improves the knowledge of the adaptive cardiac remodeling in response to a blood volume overload present during pregnancy.
Local Pro- and Anti-Coagulation Therapy in the Plastic Surgical Patient: A Literature Review of the Evidence and Clinical Applications
Authors: Oliver Jeremie D. , DeLoughery Emma P. , Gupta Nikita , Boczar Daniel , Sisti Andrea , Huayllani Maria T. , Restrepo David J. , Hu Michael S. , Forte Antonio J.
Published: May 2019

The risks of systemic anti-coagulation or its reversal are well known but accepted as necessary under certain circumstances. However, particularly in the plastic surgical patient, systemic alteration to hemostasis is often unnecessary when local therapy could provide the needed adjustments. The aim of this review was to provide a summarized overview of the clinical applications of topical anti- and pro-coagulant therapy in plastic and reconstructive surgery. While not a robust field as of yet, local tranexamic acid (TXA) has shown promise in achieving hemostasis under various circumstances, hemostats are widely used to halt bleeding, and local anticoagulants such as heparin can improve flap survival. The main challenge to the advancement of local therapy is drug delivery. However, with increasingly promising innovations underway, the field will hopefully expand to the betterment of patient care.
Burnout Syndrome in Physicians—Psychological Assessment and Biomarker Research
Authors: Deneva Tanya , Ianakiev Youri , Keskinova Donka
Published: May 2019

Background and objectives: Burnout is a syndrome typically occurring in work environments with continuous and chronic stress. Physicians are at increased risk for burnout, as a result of 24-h work, delayed work–life balance gratification, and the challenges associated with patient care. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychological parameters of burnout symptoms in relation to biomarkers of stress among physicians with different medical specialties. Materials and methods: A total of 303 physicians were contacted as potential participants. A comparison group of 111 individuals working outside medicine was used as a control to verify the results. The physicians were specialists in internal medicine, general surgery, pathology, and primary care. Serum cortisol, salivary cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), insulin (IRI), and prolactin levels were analyzed by chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (Access 2, Beckman Coulter). Fasting glucose in serum and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) in whole blood were measured using the automatic analyzer AU 480 Beckman Coulter system. Symptoms of burnout were measured with the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Results: The group with burnout presented significantly higher levels of serum and saliva cortisol, ACTH, prolactin, fasting glucose, and HbA1C compared with the control group. The correlation analysis between biomarkers showed a positive correlation with moderate strength between serum and saliva cortisol (r = 0.516, p = 0.01),as well as serum and saliva cortisol with ACTH (r = 0.418; r = 0.412, p = 0.01) and HbA1C (r = 0.382; r = 0.395, p = 0.01). A weak positive correlation was found between serum and saliva cortisol with prolactin (r = 0.236; r = 0.267, p < 0.01) and glucose (r = 0.271; r = 0.297, p < 0.01). In the multiple logistic regression model, saliva cortisol, HbA1C, and age were significantly associated with burnout (chi-square = 16.848, p < 0.032). Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated the interest of exploring biomarkers of stress related to burnout in health professionals.
Analysis of the Depth of Immersion of the Submerged Entry Nozzle on the Oscillations of the Meniscus in a Continuous Casting Mold
Authors: Saldaña-Salas F. , Torres-Alonso E. , Ramos-Banderas J.A. , Solorio-Díaz G. , Hernández-Bocanegra C.A.
Published: May 2019

In this study the effects of the depth of immersion of the Submerged Entry Nozzles (SEN) on the fluid-dynamic structure, oscillations of the free surface and opening of the slag layer, in a continuous casting mold for conventional slab of steel were analyzed. For this work, a water/oil/air system was used in a 1:1 scale model, using the techniques of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), colorimetry and mathematical multiphase simulation. The results of the fluid dynamics by PIV agree with those obtained in the mathematical simulation, as well as with the dispersion of dye. It was observed that working with immersion depths of 100 mm or less could be detrimental to steel quality because they promote surface oscillations of a higher degree of Stokes with high elevations and asymmetry in their three dimensions. In addition, this generates an excessive opening of the oil layer which was corroborated through the quantification of the F index. On the other hand, with depths of immersion in the range of 150–200 mm, lower oscillations were obtained as well as zones of low speed near the wall of the SEN and a smaller opening of the oil layer.
Hydrochloric Acidic Processing of Titanite Ore to Produce a Synthetic Analogue of Korobitsynite
Authors: Gerasimova Lidia G. , Nikolaev Anatoly I. , Shchukina Ekaterina S. , Maslova Marina V. , Kalashnikova Galina O. , Samburov Gleb O. , Ivanyuk Gregory Yu.
Published: May 2019

The modal composition of (apatite)-nepheline-titanite ore and its geological setting within apatite deposits of the Khibiny Massif allow selective mining of titanite ore and its hydrochloric acidic processing. The reaction of titanite with concentrated hydrochloric acid produces hydrated titanosilicate precipitate (TSP) which, in turn, can be a precursor in titanosilicate synthesis. It is particularly noteworthy that a synthetic analogue of korobitsynite, Na5(Ti3Nb)[Si4O12]2O2(OH)2·7H2O, was synthesized by means of TSP alteration by alkaline hydrothermal solution at 200 °C within three days. The titanosilicate obtained this way has comparatively weak cation-exchange properties regarding Cs+ and Sr2+ cations and considerable photocatalytic activity occurring under visible light, which allows the use of a synthetic korobitsynite analogue (SKR) for production of self-cleaning, sterilizing, and anti-fouling building materials.
Recent Developments in Antibacterial Therapy: Focus on Stimuli-Responsive Drug-Delivery Systems and Therapeutic Nanoparticles
Authors: Canaparo Roberto , Foglietta Federica , Giuntini Francesca , Della Pepa Carlo , Dosio Franco , Serpe Loredana
Published: May 2019

Conventional drugs used for antibacterial therapy display several limitations. This is not due to antibiotics being ineffective, but rather due to their low bioavailability, limited penetration to sites of infection and the rise of drug-resistant bacteria. Although new delivery systems (e.g., nanoparticles) that are loaded with antibacterial drugs have been designed to overcome these limitations, therapeutic efficacy does not seem to have improved. Against this backdrop, stimuli-responsive antibiotic-loaded nanoparticles and materials with antimicrobial properties (nanoantibiotics) present the ability to enhance therapeutic efficacy, while also reducing drug resistance and side effects. These stimuli can either be exogenous (e.g., light, ultrasound) or endogenous (e.g., pH, variation in redox gradient, enzymes). This promising therapeutic approach relies on advances in materials science and increased knowledge of microorganism growth and biofilm formation. This review provides an overview in the field of antibacterial drug-delivery systems and nanoantibiotics that benefit from a response to specific triggers, and also presents a number of future prospects.
Chenodeoxycholic Acid Ameliorates AlCl3-Induced Alzheimer’s Disease Neurotoxicity and Cognitive Deterioration via Enhanced Insulin Signaling in Rats
Authors: Bazzari Firas H. , Abdallah Dalaal M. , El-Abhar Hanan S.
Published: May 2019

Insulin resistance is a major risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and synthetic Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) ligands have shown promising outcomes in ameliorating insulin resistance associated with various medical conditions. This study aimed to investigate whether CDCA treatment has any potential in AD management through improving insulin signaling. Adult male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into three groups and treated for six consecutive weeks; control (vehicle), AD-model (AlCl3 50 mg/kg/day i.p) and CDCA-treated group (AlCl3 + CDCA 90 mg/kg/day p.o from day 15). CDCA improved cognition as assessed by Morris Water Maze and Y-maze tests and preserved normal histological features. Moreover, CDCA lowered hippocampal beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42). Although no significant difference was observed in hippocampal insulin level, CDCA reduced insulin receptor substrate-1 phosphorylation at serine-307 (pSer307-IRS1), while increased protein kinase B (Akt) activation, glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Additionally, CDCA activated cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and enhanced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Ultimately, CDCA was able to improve insulin sensitivity in the hippocampi of AlCl3-treated rats, which highlights its potential in AD management.
Quercetin Inhibits the Proliferation of Glycolysis-Addicted HCC Cells by Reducing Hexokinase 2 and Akt-mTOR Pathway
Authors: Wu Hongyan , Pan Lanlan , Gao Cuixiang , Xu Hongtao , Li Yanping , Zhang Lihu , Ma Linwei , Meng Li , Sun Xiulan , Qin Hongbing
Published: May 2019

Increased glycolysis in tumor cells is associated with increased risk of tumor progression and mortality. Therefore, disruption of glycolysis, one of the main sources of cellular energy supply, can serve as a target for suppressing tumor growth and progression. Of note, hexokinase-2 (HK2) plays vital roles in glucose metabolism. Moreover, the expression of HK2 alters the metabolic phenotype and supports the continuous growth of tumor cells, making it an attractive target for cancer therapy. Quercetin (QUE), a bioactive flavonoid, has a profound anti-tumor effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the precise underlying mechanism of this effect is unclear. In the present study, we reported that QUE inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells that relied on aerobic glycolysis. We further found that QUE could decrease the protein levels of HK2 and suppress the AKT/mTOR pathway in HCC cells. In addition, QUE significantly restrained the growth of HCC xenografts and decreased HK-2 expression in vivo. Taken together, we have revealed that QUE suppresses the progression of HCC by inhibiting HK2-dependentglycolysis, which may have a promising potential to be an effective treatments for HCC, especially for those patients with high HK2 expression.
Investigation of Direct Model Transferability Using Miniature Near-Infrared Spectrometers
Authors: Sun Lan , Hsiung Chang , Smith Valton
Published: May 2019

Recent developments in compact near infrared (NIR) instruments, including both handheld and process instruments, have enabled easy and affordable deployment of multiple instruments for various field and online or inline applications. However, historically, instrument-to-instrument variations could prohibit success when applying calibration models developed on one instrument to additional instruments. Despite the usefulness of calibration transfer techniques, they are difficult to apply when a large number of instruments and/or a large number of classes are involved. Direct model transferability was investigated in this study using miniature near-infrared (MicroNIR™) spectrometers for both classification and quantification problems. For polymer classification, high cross-unit prediction success rates were achieved with both conventional chemometric algorithms and machine learning algorithms. For active pharmaceutical ingredient quantification, low cross-unit prediction errors were achieved with the most commonly used partial least squares (PLS) regression method. This direct model transferability is enabled by the robust design of the MicroNIR™ hardware and will make deployment of multiple spectrometers for various applications more manageable.
Real-Time In Vitro Fluorescence Anisotropy of the Cyanobacterial Circadian Clock
Authors: Heisler Joel , Chavan Archana , Chang Yong-Gang , LiWang Andy
Published: May 2019

Uniquely, the circadian clock of cyanobacteria can be reconstructed outside the complex milieu of live cells, greatly simplifying the investigation of a functioning biological chronometer. The core oscillator component is composed of only three proteins, KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC, and together with ATP they undergo waves of assembly and disassembly that drive phosphorylation rhythms in KaiC. Typically, the time points of these reactions are analyzed ex post facto by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, because this technique resolves the different states of phosphorylation of KaiC. Here, we describe a more sensitive method that allows real-time monitoring of the clock reaction. By labeling one of the clock proteins with a fluorophore, in this case KaiB, the in vitro clock reaction can be monitored by fluorescence anisotropy on the minutes time scale for weeks.
Propagation of Cylindrical Vector Laser Beams in Turbid Tissue-Like Scattering Media
Authors: Doronin Alexander , Vera Nicolás , Staforelli Juan , Coelho Pablo , Meglinski Igor
Published: May 2019

We explore the propagation of the cylindrical vector beams (CVB) in turbid tissue-like scattering medium in comparison with the conventional Gaussian laser beam. The study of propagation of CVB and Gaussian laser beams in the medium is performed utilizing the unified electric field Monte Carlo model. The implemented Monte Carlo model is a part of a generalized on-line computational tool and utilizes parallel computing, executed on the NVIDIA Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) supporting Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA). Using extensive computational studies, we demonstrate that after propagation through the turbid tissue-like scattering medium, the degree of fringe contrast for CVB becomes at least twice higher in comparison to the conventional linearly polarized Gaussian beam. The results of simulations agree with the results of experimental studies. Both experimental and theoretical results suggest that there is a high potential of the application of CVB in the diagnosis of biological tissues.
In Situ Measurements and CFD Numerical Simulations of Thermal Environment in Blind Headings of Underground Mines
Authors: Wang Wenhao , Zhang Chengfa , Yang Wenyu , Xu Hong , Li Sasa , Li Chen , Ma Hui , Qi Guansheng
Published: May 2019

In order to gain a knowledge of the heat emitted from a variety of sources at the blind heading of an underground gold mine, the present study conducts an in situ measurement study in a blind heading within the load haul dumps (LHDs) that are operating. The measurements can provide a reliable data basis for the setting of numerical simulations. The results demonstrate that the distances between the forcing outlet and the mining face (denoted as Zm), as well as the heat generation from LHDs (denoted as QL), has brought significant impacts on the airflow velocity, relative humidity, and temperature distributions in the blind heading. Setting Zm to 5 m could achieve a relative optimal cooling performance, also indicating that when the LHD is fully operating in the mining face, employing the pure forcing system has a limited effect on the temperature decrease of the blind heading. According to the numerical simulations, a better cooling performance can be achieved based on the near-forcing-far-exhausting (NFFE) ventilation system.
Different Types of Cellular Stress Affect the Proteome Composition of Small Extracellular Vesicles: A Mini Review
Authors: Abramowicz Agata , Widłak Piotr , Pietrowska Monika
Published: May 2019

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are well-known mediators of the cellular response to different stress factors, yet the exact mechanism of their action remains unclear. Hence, the characterization of their cargo, consisting of proteins, nucleic acids, and different classes of metabolites, helps to elucidate an understanding of their function in stress-related communication. The unexpected diversity and complexity of these vesicles requires the incorporation of multiple technologically advanced approaches in EV-oriented studies. This mini review focuses on the invaluable role of proteomics, especially mass spectrometry-based tools, in the investigation of the role of small EVs in their response to stress. Though relatively few experimental works address this issue to date, the available data indicate that stress conditions would affect the composition of protein cargo of vesicles released by stressed cells, as evidenced by the functional importance of such changes in the context of the response of recipient cells.
The Sciences Underlying Smart Sustainable Urbanism: Unprecedented Paradigmatic and Scholarly Shifts in Light of Big Data Science and Analytics
Authors: Bibri Simon Elias
Published: May 2019

As a new area of science and technology (S&T), big data science and analytics embodies an unprecedentedly transformative power—which is manifested not only in the form of revolutionizing science and transforming knowledge, but also in advancing social practices, catalyzing major shifts, and fostering societal transitions. Of particular relevance, it is instigating a massive change in the way both smart cities and sustainable cities are understood, studied, planned, operated, and managed to improve and maintain sustainability in the face of expanding urbanization. This relates to what has been dubbed data-driven smart sustainable urbanism, an emerging approach that is based on a computational understanding of city systems that reduces urban life to logical and algorithmic rules and procedures, as well as employs a new scientific method based on data-intensive science, while also harnessing urban big data to provide a more holistic and integrated view and synoptic intelligence of the city. This paper examines the unprecedented paradigmatic and scholarly shifts that the sciences underlying smart sustainable urbanism are undergoing in light of big data science and analytics and the underlying enabling technologies, as well as discusses how these shifts intertwine with and affect one another in the context of sustainability. I argue that data-intensive science, as a new epistemological shift, is fundamentally changing the scientific and practical foundations of urban sustainability. In specific terms, the new urban science—as underpinned by sustainability science and urban sustainability—is increasingly making cities more sustainable, resilient, efficient, and livable by rendering them more measurable, knowable, and tractable in terms of their operational functioning, management, planning, design, and development.
Intelligent Hydrogen Fuel Cell Range Extender for Battery Electric Vehicles
Authors: Wu Dongxiao , Ren Jin , Davies Huw , Shang Jinlei , Haas Olivier
Published: May 2019

Road transport is recognized as having a negative impact on the environment. Policy has focused on replacement of the internal combustion engine (ICE) with less polluting forms of technology, including battery electric and fuel cell electric powertrains. However, progress is slow and both battery and fuel cell based vehicles face considerable commercialization challenges. To understand these challenges, a review of current electric battery and fuel cell electric technologies is presented. Based on this review, this paper proposes a battery electric vehicle (BEV) where components are sized to take into account the majority of user requirements, with the remainder catered for by a trailer-based demountable intelligent fuel cell range extender. The proposed design can extend the range by more than 50% for small BEVs and 25% for large BEVs (the extended range of vehicles over 250 miles), reducing cost and increasing efficiency for the BEV. It enables BEV manufacturers to design their vehicle battery for the most common journeys, decreases charging time to provide convenience and flexibility to the drivers. Adopting a rent and drop business model reduces the demand on the raw materials, bridging the gap in the amount of charging (refueling) stations, and extending the lifespan for the battery pack.
Prospects for using space greenhouses as a part of a suite of crew life support systems of a lunar orbital station, a lunar base and interplanetary transfer vehicles
Authors: Berkovich Yuliy A. , Smolyanina Svetlana O. , Zheleznyakov Aleksandr G. , Guzenberg Arkadiy S.
Published: May 2019

It is planned to include greenhouses in the suite of regenerative life support systems for crews of manned long-duration space vehicles to improve their habitability. Space greenhouses will provide crew members with green vegetables containing digestible vitamins and dietary fibers, as well as psychophysiological support during long space missions. The paper presents an analytical review of designs of a number of greenhouses in our country and abroad, both existing and under construction that are capable of operating in spaceflight environment. It describes their key design and operational properties, analyses problems standing in the way of developing more productive space greenhouses. It explains the advantages of our country’s conveyor-type space greenhouse with cylindrical planting surface for continuous production of vitamin-rich greens and other vegetables onboard a manned spacecraft. It points out the need to construct our country’s ground prototype for a full-scale space greenhouse to develop the process for growing plants in orbital station, transportation vehicles, in lunar and Martian outposts. Key words: regenerative life support systems, habitat, space greenhouse, cylindrical planting surface.
IMAGINARIOS SOCIALES DEL DESARROLLO HUMANO, SUBYACENTES EN LAS POLÍTICAS DE RESOCIALIZACIÓN DE MUJERES PROFESIONALES INTERNAS, EN EL CENTRO PENITENCIARIO VILLA CRISTINA, DE LA CIUDAD DE ARMENIA, QUINDÍO, COLOMBIA.
Authors: Quiceno García Jesús Amador , Morales Rodríguez Luz Elena , Cuellar Villa Leda Soraya
Published: May 2019

El presente documento desarrolla una refl exión acerca de los imaginarios sociales inmersos en la política pública de resocialización de las personas recluidas en los centros penitenciarios. Esta política cuenta con unas bases históricas, sociales y culturales, que le permiten al estado postular una propuesta encaminada al desarrollo humano, la cual se encuentra consignada en la ley colombiana. Por tanto, se consideró necesario desarrollar una indagación en torno al concepto del imaginario de la sociedad, respecto a la resocialización en las cárceles, desde la perspectiva del desarrollo humano, tal como lo viven, de modo particular, las profesionales que se encuentran internas en la cárcel de mujeres Villa Cristina, de la ciudad de Armenia, Quindío. Como marco teórico se recurrió al planteamiento de imaginario social de Castoriades, al postulado de desarrollo para la satisfacción de las necesidades humanas de Max-Neef y al razonamiento sobre el aparato disciplinario de Foucault.
ANÁLISIS DE LA EXACTITUD DEL MODELO DIGITAL DE TERRENO SRTM-30 PARA COLOMBIA USANDO DATOS IGAC E IDEAM
Authors: Capachero Martínez Carlos , García Reinoso Pedro León , Obregón Neira Nelson
Published: May 2019

Esta investigación se realizó con el propósito de estimar la exactitud vertical del MDT SRTM-30 para Colombia. El MDT SRTM-30 fue comparado con tres bases de datos que fueron suministradas por el IGAC y el IDEAM. Para el cálculo de la exactitud vertical se consideraron dos escenarios, a saber: un cálculo global y un cálculo discriminado por la pendiente del terreno. Además de calcular estadísticas como el error medio, la desviación estándar y el error cuadrático medio, también se realizaron las pruebas Koppe y NSSDA. Mientras que los valores obtenidos por el Test NSSDA mostraron dependencia con la pendiente del terreno, los valores del Test Koppe permanecieron relativamente estables en los dos escenarios de cálculo. Con un nivel de confi anza del 95% se determinó una exactitud vertical de 17 m. Los resultados son importantes para entender el error asociado al MDT SRTM-30 y representan las características espaciales del error en función de la pendiente del terreno. Dado que el MDT SRTM-30 puede ser muy útil para adelantar estudios regionales, es posible adelantar otras investigaciones para mejorar la estimación de la exactitud vertical considerando aspectos como el tipo de cobertura del suelo y la morfología del terreno.
SISTEMA DE INFERENCIA DIFUSA PARA LA MODIFICACIÓN DE COLOR AJUSTADO EMPLEANDO ENJAMBRE DE PARTÍCULAS
Authors: Rodríguez Castro Linda Sheriyn , Ponce Fajardo Iván Javier , Espitia Cuchango Helbert Eduardo
Published: May 2019

En el presente artículo se propone un sistema de inferencia difusa para la manipulación del color en imágenes digitales para cambiar su estilo artístico al arte psicodélico. Inicialmente mediante conjuntos y reglas de inferencia difusas se produce imágenes con colores característicos de este tipo de arte. Posteriormente se ajusta el sistema de inferencia propuesto con la técnica denominada optimización basada en enjambres de partículas evidenciando mejora en los resultados obtenidos.
EVALUACIÓN DE MÉTODOS DE FOURIER Y MÁXIMA ENTROPÍA PARA LA DETECCIÓN AUTOMÁTICA DE LA ENFERMEDAD DE PARKINSON
Authors: Arias Mejía Juan Manuel , Belalcázar Bolaños Elkyn Alexander , Orozco Arroyave Juan Rafael , Arias Londoño Julián David , Vargas Bonilla Jesús Francisco
Published: May 2019

La Enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) es la segunda condición clínica neurodegenerativa más prevalente después del Alzheimer y para el sistema de salud mundial es fundamental identifi car marcadores tempranos; sin embargo en la actualidad es un campo nuevo de estudio que necesita un mayor desarrollo. Se ha demostrado que cerca del 90 % de los pacientes con EP también desarrollan defi ciencias en la voz, mostrando síntomas como un habla monótona, baja intensidad en el tono, pausas aisladas, pronunciación imprecisa de consonantes y problemas en la prosodia; y aunque dichos problemas están identifi cados solo del 3% al 4% reciben un tratamiento para la voz. En el ámbito de la investigación, el análisis tiempo-frecuencia ha demostrado ser una herramienta poderosa en el procesamiento de señales acústicas, más específi camente, el procesamiento de la voz. Con el ánimo de tener representaciones limpias del espectro que ayuden a mejorar la extracción de características y mitigar otros problemas resultantes al usar métodos clásicos de estimación, se busca estudiar el comportamiento del Método de Máxima Entropía (MEM) comúnmente usado en ciencias oceanográfi cas y astronomía, en el estudio en señales de voz.Para estos experimentos fue usada una base de datos de pacientes que presentan la enfermedad de Parkinson usando 50 registros de voces patológicas y la misma cantidad de voces sanas, donde se analizaran segmentos sonoros y no sonoros obtenidos de la palabra ``PA-TA-KA'', sobre los cuales fueron estimadas energías provenientes tanto de la transformada de Fourier, como del método de máxima entropía. Con el fi n de evaluar el rendimiento de los métodos clásicos y MEM se usó un clasifi cador K-nn y se encontraron tasas de acierto cercanas al 60% al considerar MEM tanto en fonemas como en sílabas.
DETERMINACION HISTOLOGICA DE CAMBIOS PROLIFERATIVOS ATIPICOS EN BIOPSIAS DE GLANDULA MAMARIA EN MUJERES USUARIAS DE IMPLANTES MAMARIOS PIP.
Authors: Cabrera Cadavid Marta Patricia
Published: May 2019

En Colombia en el año 2012 se generó pánico en las mujeres usuarias de prótesis PIP por la información sobre el riesgo de ruptura de estas prótesis ya que contenían silicona industrial y podían generar cáncer en las mujeres que las usaban.Objetivo. Determinar la presencia de cambios proliferativos atípicos en biopsias de glándula mamaria en usuarias de prótesis de silicona.Metodología. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal de los cambios histopatológicos encontrados en biopsias tru-cut bilateral de las glándulas mamarias previo consentimiento informado a 50 mujeres portadoras de prótesis mamarias, que acudieron para el cambio de dichas prótesis a una clínica de cirugía plástica en la ciudad de Armenia Quindío, durante el periodo marzo a diciembre del año 2012. Se sistematizó la información de los datos en Excel y se realizó el análisis estadístico en programa de statgraphics centurión 1.15.Resultados. Se realizaron biopsias a 50 mujeres usuarias de prótesis de ambas glándulas mamarias, el tejido fue representativo en ambas mamas en 29 de ellas (58%), en 3 usuarias (6%) se obtuvo sólo tejido fi broadiposo en ambas mamas, en 9 (18%) sólo se estudió el tejido de la mama derecha y en 12 (24%) mujeres el de la mama izquierda pues las biopsias contralaterales mostraron tejido adiposo.En ninguna biopsia se encontró cambios proliferativos atípicos, en 6 usuarias (12%) se encontró cambio fi broquístico y en las restantes 41 usuarias (82%), el tejido mamario fue normal.
ENSEÑANZA DEL CONCEPTO DE NÚMEROS DECIMALES Y SUS OPERACIONES DESDE LAS ETAPAS REAL O CONCRETA, GRÁFICA Y SIMBÓLICA
Authors: Wagner O Graciela , Gutiérrez Z Heiller , Ospina M Liliana Patricia
Published: May 2019

Este artículo es el resultado de una investigación1 realizada por docentes pertenecientes al Grupo de Investigación en Educación Matemática de la Universidad del Quindío (GEMAUQ), que se fundamentó en la comprensión del campo conceptual de las operaciones con números decimales, en el manejo de los instrumentos del conocimiento y en la ejecución de las operaciones intelectuales, con estudiantes de grado sexto. El trabajo de investigación propende por el desarrollo mental del estudiante en el aspecto matemático de las operaciones con números decimales, y el desarrollo de los procesos que involucran la construcción del conocimiento matemático. El objetivo de la investigación fue diseñar e implementar una estrategia didáctica desde las etapas real o concreta, gráfica y simbólica, que contribuya al Desarrollo del pensamiento matemático en el campo conceptual de las operaciones con números decimales en los estudiantes del grado sexto de las Instituciones educativas oficiales del departmento del Quindío. La estrategia didáctica se desarrolló a través de tres etapas: la real o concreta, la gráfica y la simbólica. La etapa real consiste en la manipulación de material concreto donde los estudiantes tienen la experiencia física conducente a adquirir habilidades; es decir se actúa sobre objetos para obtener un conocimiento por abstracción a partir de estos mismos objetos. En la etapa gráfica los estudiantes representan a través de figuras los temas trabajados en la etapa real o concreta. En la etapa simbólica se busca que los estudiantes representan simbólicamente los temas conceptualizados. Por último los estudiantes se enfrentan a situaciones problémicas donde después de haber conceptualizado dan solución matemática a la situación presentada. Con la estrategia planteada en la investigación desde las tres etapas se logró que los estudiantes alcanzaran un desarrollo de pensamiento y la apropiación del concepto de números decimales y sus operaciones.
DETERMINACIÓN DE LA FRECUENCIA, CAUSAS Y EVITABILIDAD DE LOS EVENTOS ADVERSOS EN EL SERVICIO DE PEDIATRÍA DE UN IPS QUINDIO 2014
Authors: Rendón Román María Camila , Restrepo Franco Smyd Vanneza , García Castañeda Jheimy Jackeline
Published: May 2019

La seguridad del paciente involucra una responsabilidad legal y ética del prestador de servicios de salud, en el ejercicio de esta profesión, de forma competente, segura, con autodeterminación y autorregulación de sus acciones. objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia, causas y evitabilidad de los eventos adversos en el servicio de pediatría de una IPS Quindío 2014 metodología: se desarrolló un estudio cuantitativo, retrospectivo de corte transversal, con un muestreo tipo censo, Se realizó una análisis con el SPSS V17; Univariado: en el cual se identificaron las características sociodemográficas, los porcentajes de los eventos adversos, sus causas y Análisis bivariado: para hacer comparaciones entre grupos, se realizaron tablas de 2 por 2, para evaluar las variables categóricas se realizó la prueba de chi2 y el test exacto de Fischer, con un nivel alfa de 0,05 que determinó la significancias estadística. Conclusiones: Se encontró que los eventos adversos en el servicio de pediatría fueron más frecuentes en lactantes 60% y preescolares de género femenino 40%, el 64,3% Los eventos adversos presentes en este servicio se atribuyen a causas relacionadas con el cuidado directo de los pacientes; un 85,7% de los casos demuestra que existen fallas en las barreras humanas y administrativas que predisponen de manera directa a la ocurrencia de eventos adversos. El 73.3% de la población pertenece al régimen subsidiado de los eventos adversos presentados un 64,3%, El 73.3% de los eventos adversos que ocurrieron en el periodo de tiempo evaluado tienen causas prevenibles.
ANÁLISIS ESPECTRAL PARA EL RECONOCIMIENTO DE HUELLAS ACÚSTICAS
Authors: Zurek Eduardo E. , Gamarra A Margarita R. , Escorcia G José R. , Gutierrez Carlos , Bayona Henry , Pérez Roxana , García Xavier
Published: May 2019

Este artículo presenta los resultados del proceso de reconocimiento de huellas digitales acústicas utilizando características espectrales de la señal. El Análisis de Componentes Principales (PCA, por sus siglas en inglés) se aplica para reducir la dimensión de las características extraídas y luego se implementa un clasificador basado en el método de los k-vecinos más cercanos (KNN) para identificar el patrón de la señal de audio. Este clasificador se compara con una Red Neuronal Artificial (ANN, por sus siglas en inglés). Es necesario implementar un sistema de filtrado para las señales adquiridas para reducir el ruido de 60 Hz generadas por las imperfecciones en el sistema de adquisición. Los métodos descritos en este trabajo se utilizaron para el reconocimiento de embarcaciones marinas
FUNCTIONAL ELBOW AND WRIST REHABILITATION PROTOTYPE CONTROLLED BY COMPUTER
Authors: Acosta Jarrín Milton Gonzalo , Pineda López Flavio Minos , Moya Cáceres Patricia Gabriela , Vásquez Gabela Stephanie Carolina
Published: May 2019

On this project, we have considered the anthropometrics of the human arm, taking in consideration the movements and angles of the elbow and wrist by developing a prototype for the first and second phases of rehabilitation as the main goal the patient could achieve full joints mobility. The implementation of this prototype consists in four different adaptations, one for each movement, an interface electronic board of sensors, a control board, and a graphical interface of the user where the physiotherapist is able to set up a personalized rehabilitation cycle responding to the patient needs.

 

We have done field tests of the prototype with a patient with elbow and wrist fracture diagnosis. The results of these tests showed an improvement in the mobility of both joints through a small number of rehabilitation sessions. Thus, it is concluded that the prototype allows the patient the progressive reach of angles nearer to the angular limits of pronation-supination of the elbow and flexion-extension of the wrist, with a reduction of 50% of number of session using conventional methods.
CARACTERIZACIÓN FITOQUÍMICA DEL EXTRACTO HIDROALCOHÓLICO DEL FRUTO DE Bromelia pinguin Y EVALUACIÓN DE SU ACTIVIDAD ANTIFÚNGICA FRENTE A UN HONGO AISLADO DEL FRUTO DE CACAO (Theobroma cacao L.) EN ESTADO DE PUDRICIÓN.
Authors: Lugo Vargas Andrés Felipe , Tarrá Jaramillo Daniela , Nieto Guzmán María Natali , Maldonado Rodríguez JhonIronzi
Published: May 2019

Se evaluó el efecto antifúngico del extracto hidroalcohólico de fruto de B. pinguin frente a un hongo aislado de frutos enfermos en estado de pudrición de Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) mediante un ensayo de inhibición de crecimiento micelial empleando el método de dilución en agar. El extracto tuvo un efecto antifúngico bastante notorio en un rango de concentraciones entre 2,5 y 10 % (V/V) y se pudo evidenciar además una fuerte relación dosis-respuesta. Un análisis fitoquímico preliminar, permitió identificar flavonoides, antraquinonas, taninos, saponinas y glucósidos cardiotónicos como los principales metabolitos secundarios presentes en el extracto hidroalcohólico de B. pinguin; sin embargo, aquí se discute sobre la Pinguinaína, como principal responsable de dicha actividad.
L’adaptation du traitement des entreprises en difficulté par la loi « J21 » : enjeux théoriques
Authors: Apiou Sarah
Published: May 2019

La loi du 18 novembre 2016 dite de modernisation de la justice du XXe siècle a entrepris de modifier le droit des entreprises en difficulté. Vaste programme qui doit s’adapter aux mouvances d’une matière plusieurs fois réformée. Si la loi J21 n 'approche qu ’en surface ce domaine du Code de commerce Livre VI, il convient d’analyser sa réception par les différents acteurs du droit, universitaires et praticiens. Parmi les nombreuses réformes des procédures collectives, une donnée reste constante, la santé du débiteur principal est mise à rude épreuve. Ainsi, travailler sur la réforme de ce point de vue amène à la conclusion que les évolutions législatives restent évasives sur l’aspect humain de la procédure judiciaire.
Le changement de sexe en droit : approche comparatiste entre la France et le Brésil
Authors: Moura Maria-Luiza , Perón Maxime
Published: May 2019

Comparer les droits français et brésilien concernant le changement juridique de sexe permet de soulever un contraste profond entre une position souple -pour la France -et une position rigide -pour le Brésil. Confronter ces deux droits permet de critiquer et de proposer une évolution des positions choisies.
Le détachement de travailleurs dans l'Union européenne : approche de sécurité sociale
Authors: Thomas Florian
Published: May 2019

La révision de la directive 96/71 /CE portant sur le détachement des travailleurs dans l’Union européenne s ’inscrit au cœur du processus de revitalisation de l’Europe sociale. Cette fonction centrale, autant symbolique que politique, ne doit pas occulter la complexité juridique et les problèmes structurels qui naissent de l ’encadrement juridique du détachement de travailleurs. Une difficulté centrale, fondatrice, concerne la séparation entre l ’appréhension du détachement au regard du droit du travail et au regard de la sécurité sociale. Cet article revient, dans un premier temps, sur les origines de la séparation et sur ses effets du point de vue de la sécurité sociale. Dans un second temps, l’article démontre que les propositions de modification des règles juridiques relatives au détachement, particulièrement celles qui portent sur la modification des règlements de coordination des systèmes nationaux de sécurité sociale, réaffirment et creusent la séparation entre travail et sécurité sociale. Ces propositions de modification procèdent toutefois à des aménagements périphériques de nature à atténuer les effets néfastes de cette séparation.
Le vol de l’héritage : vers la fin de la protection de la réserve héréditaire
Authors: Dobigny-Reverso Anne
Published: May 2019

Depuis le 27 septembre 201 7, et les deux arrêts rendus par la Cour de cassation, la réserve héréditaire semble menacée même si ce n'est pour le moment qu'en présence d'un élément d'extranéité permettant d'écarter son application. Cependant cette solution peut sembler surprenante au regard de l'histoire de la réserve héréditaire qui apparaît comme un principe du droit français depuis le Moyen Age permettant de réaliser un idéal d'égalité patrimoniale entre les enfants. Ces deux décisions soulèvent également la vieille question du partage des lits et de la continuation de la famille.