bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discusión sobre el diseño del prototipo de una etiqueta óptica para la identificación de ganado vacuno en corrales
Authors: Losada Chala Laura Ximena , León-Salas Walter Daniel , Bravo Obando Martin Diomedes
Published: February 2023

El campesino, a través de la identificación y rastreo de animales de granja, puede monitorear la salud, realizar un rastreo de contacto, analizar comportamientos y relaciones sociales. De este modo se puede recopilar, analizar datos y crear soluciones para la prevención de enfermedades o el estudio de movimientos e interacciones. Para dichos propósitos se desarrollaron tecnologías enfocadas en la localización, principalmente basadas en radiofrecuencia (RF). Ejemplos de estas son los sistemas de posicionamiento global (GPS) o las etiquetas de identificación por radiofrecuencia (RFID).

No obstante, las tecnologías basadas en frecuencias ópticas también son alternativas, pues poseen ciertas características físicas que las dejan en posición de ventaja, respecto a las comunicaciones por radiofrecuencia. Análogo a RFID, el laboratorio tinyLab de la Universidad de Purdue ha propuesto una tecnología de identificación basada en comunicación óptica, su nombre es OFID (Optical Frequency Identification). Esta tecnología persigue el mismo propósito de RFID, pero utiliza celdas solares para transmisión y recepción de datos y las aprovecha para almacenar energía.

En el presente artículo de reflexión se ha establecido una discusión sobre el proyecto de investigación desarrollado entorno a OFID, en mencionado laboratorio. El trabajo consistió en el diseño del prototipo de una etiqueta óptica para la identificación de animales de granja de corral. La discusión a continuación se centra en la importancia de identificar animales, argumentar por qué OFID es una alternativa a RFID en la identificación de animales, contar acerca del procedimiento y reflexión sobre los resultados de investigación y, para finalizar, cuál es el futuro, desde el punto de vista del investigador, de OFID en el desarrollo de las áreas priorizadas por el departamento del Huila.
Factores que limitan el ejercicio investigativo en enfermería
Authors: Quintero Tamayo María Paula
Published: February 2023

La profesionalización de la enfermería ha sido por mucho uno de los más grandes logros en la historia del colectivo femenino por la lucha de la igualdad de género no solo en el contexto académico, sino también en la mayoría de contextos socioculturales que diversifican el mundo. La enfermería, gracias a sus raíces predominantemente femeninas y a las dificultades claramente representativas del contexto en el que surge, carga a cuestas la gran responsabilidad de perpetuar los saberes y talentos en el ámbito académico de cientos de mujeres que dedican sus vidas al logro de la profesionalización de la disciplina. No obstante, la lucha no se encuentra saldada, pues continúan vigentes factores que desfavorecen el avance científico de la profesión.
Programa de Estimulación Sensorial Visual y auditivo para personas con deterioro cognitivo Leve
Authors: Jaramillo Andrea , González Hernández Alfredis , Bonilla Santos Jasmín Bonilla Santos , Leaver Echo
Published: February 2023

El deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL) es una afección progresiva que ocurre predominantemente en individuos mayores de 75 años que, con alta probabilidad, pueden conducir a la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) y otras demencias. En muchos casos, la intervención temprana puede ralentizar el deterioro de las funciones cognitivas. Hasta la fecha, existen diferentes intervenciones para el DCL y la EA que buscan mejorar la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores, como la estimulación sensorial (que permite fomentar el desarrollo de habilidades y aprendizajes a través de la estimulación de los diferentes sentidos: vista, oído, gusto, olfato, tacto y propiocepción). Estudios demuestran la efectividad de las intervenciones sensoriales en las personas con DCL para retardar el deterioro de las funciones cognitivas, además de mostrar aumentos significativos en el desempeño de actividades que implican atención y memoria de tal forma que infiere, en gran medida, a la mejora de la calidad de vida de las personas y a conservar su autonomía e independencia.
Reflexiones sobre salud y autonomía alimentaria del pueblo indígena Nasa
Authors: Dussán Chaux Juan David , Calderón Farfán Juan Camilo , Arias Torres Dolly
Published: February 2023

En el mundo contemporáneo se gestan cambios hacia una forma de vida sencilla, menos consumista, más tranquila y en armonía con la naturaleza. Varios de estos cambios están ligados a luchas históricas de resistencia indígena frente a la brutalidad invasora y a la pretensión de desconocer o desaparecer su legado; también el movimiento campesino ha hecho aportes destacados en la misma dirección.

Por limitaciones propias de este tipo de manuscritos, la reflexión se centrará en dos categorías, autonomía alimentaria y salud desde una perspectiva indígena. Según la comunidad Nasa, estos dos términos se asocian con una buena vida, sustentable y en equilibrio con la madre tierra.

La autonomía alimentaria, asociada a la producción de alimentos locales, con semillas propias y sistemas de cultivo, recolección y preparación originarios, no solo produce bienestar o buen vivir para los humanos; también contribuye al cuidado del territorio, condiciones fundamentales para la armonía y la buena salud. En este sentido, toma relevancia trabajar la autonomía alimentaria desde el ámbito local, con proyección nacional e internacional.
Blanquidad y privilegios raciales: apuntes conceptuales
Authors: Cortés Cortés Verónica , Restrepo Eduardo
Published: February 2023

El poder es escurridizo y renuente a ser estudiado. Blanquidad y privilegios raciales constituyen dos de sus múltiples expresiones. Suelen operar con la contundencia de lo que, asumiendo el lugar de la normalidad y naturalizando unas jerarquías sociales, establece un sentido común racializado, habilita un espectro de experiencias vividas que contrastan entre la discriminación de los sujetos marcados racialmente y los privilegios de quienes «posan de blancos». En este número de Tabula Rasa se busca contribuir a una conversación sobre cuáles son los criterios desde los que, en su heterogeneidad y contextualidad, se imagina y experimenta la blanquidad, así como cuáles son sus articulaciones con los privilegios racializados. No solo nos interesan las prácticas discursivas, sino también cómo estas se imbrican con la desigualdad social.
¿Cómo hablar de blancura, blanquitud y blanqueamiento en el contexto latinoamericano?
Authors: Sánchez Arismendi Aidaluz
Published: February 2023

La blancura, la blanquitud, y el blanqueamiento son conceptos que permiten entender procesos relacionados con la conformación de identidades o posicionalidades raciales que expresan formas de organización social donde la idea de «raza» se activa. Para entender este argumento, presento una contextualización de la idea de «raza» y del proceso de racialización y señalo algunas dificultades para realizar análisis considerando el concepto de «raza». Posteriormente diferencio blancura, blanquitud y blanqueamiento como formas de entender la racialización e indico algunas pistas sobre el contexto social que ha posibilitado el surgimiento de un campo académico que indaga sobre la blanquitud con mayor preeminencia en Brasil respecto al contexto latinoamericano hispanohablante; así como el reto que supone para la blanquedad crítica incorporar análisis sobre las posicionalidades raciales «no marcadas». Finalmente, abordo ejemplos para el caso colombiano y mexicano en el que se evidencian las complejidades de analizar la blanquitud en contextos de mestizaje.
Blanquidad, animalidad y brujería zoológica: un acercamiento a Aph Ko y Syl Ko desde el Sur global
Authors: Vargas García Berenice
Published: February 2023

¿Cómo se enreda lo animal con lo racial?, ¿cómo se enmarañan el supremacismo blancomestizo y la blanquidad con el especismo?, ¿cómo abordar analíticamente esos embrollos? Las pistas para responder a esas interrogantes se pueden encontrar en el concepto de brujería zoológica (zoological witchcraft), propuesto por la afroestadounidense Aph Ko y nutrido por el permanente diálogo e intercambio con su hermana, Syl Ko. En este artículo me propongo hacer un primer acercamiento a su propuesta, en una lectura desde el Sur global y con un enfoque multidimensional de la opresión, con la intención de provocar la curiosidad por explorar otras herramientas conceptuales que ayuden a problematizar la blanquidad —y su fuerza insidiosa y silente— en contextos distintos a los pensados por las autoras.
Hombres «blancos» en tierras negras. Falotopías raciales en el Pacífico sur colombiano
Authors: Pazos Cárdenas Mateo
Published: February 2023

Este artículo propone unas reflexiones teóricas sobre algunas experiencias de hombres «blancos» en el Pacífico sur colombiano, región con una mayoritaria presencia de poblaciones negras/afrocolombianas. Para ello, analizo dos grupos de hombres «blancos» que hacen presencia en la región: primero, los que transitan el Pacífico sur por cuenta de proyectos de intervención estatal y/o de organizaciones no gubernamentales nacionales e internacionales; segundo, los que habitan el territorio vinculados a actividades relacionadas con la violencia (i)legal y el conflicto armado. Estas experiencias son analizadas bajo el concepto de «falotopías» del antropólogo Rodrigo Parrini: redes de poder contradictorias y contingentes, a través de las cuales los hombres se adueñan de espacios físicos y simbólicos e imponen modos de vida mediante la violencia. El artículo se construye a partir de un trabajo de campo etnográfico realizado desde el año 2019 en la región del Pacífico sur colombiano. El análisis de las diferentes experiencias de estos hombres permite entrever las formas en las que los entronques entre el género y el racismo estructural del Estado-nación colombiano se desdoblan en diversas facetas violentas.
Mandato de la blanquidad: racismo y privilegio racial en Cali
Authors: Santana-Perlaza Gustavo A.
Published: February 2023

El presente artículo intenta socavar las implicaciones de la raza y el racismo en la formación del despojo/privilegio, y los modos cómo opera en la organización de las desigualdades sociales instaladas en Colombia. Hace un acercamiento a la forma en que el privilegio racial imbrica la existencia de las gentes no-blancas a través del desprecio, violencia e ignominia. Por tanto, desde una perspectiva autoetnográfica sobre mi experiencia como no-blanco, desplazado y víctima del conflicto en Cali, propongo una lectura crítica sobre los privilegios raciales que agencia el racismo y sus repercusiones en los cuerpos racializados, cosificados, dando origen a lo que denominaré el mandato de blanquidad, para analizar el régimen normativo de los privilegios y sus manifestaciones como marco de sociabilidad inscrito en la estructura social del proyecto moderno/colonial de la blanquidad.
In silico molecular docking and in vitro antimicrobial efficacy of phytochemical compounds of Lantana camara Linn.
Authors: Anita Adline , Selvaraj D.
Published: February 2023

The rise of multi-drug resistant bacteria and the extensive use of antibiotics has become a serious threat worldwide. The side effect of antibiotics swirled the researchers towards traditional medicine to find a therapeutic agent with antibacterial activity. The phytochemical compound from medicinal plants paves a way for the novel antibacterial agent.  In the present study, in silico molecular docking of phytochemical compounds identified through GC-MS analysis and in vitro antibacterial efficacy of ethanolic leaf extract of Lantana camara were evaluated. In silico docking studies of 11 Phyto-ligands were carried out against 4 motifs- 1PHO, 5I5H, 5UW2 and 6NTW of Escherichia coli to estimate the binding energy and to know the protein-ligand interaction. Amongst all the phyto-ligands studied, 4,8,13-Cyclotetradecatriene-1,3-diol,1,5,9-trimethyl-12-(1-methylethyl) showed good affinity towards 1PHO, 4a(2H)-Phenanthrenecarboxaldehyde,1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6-methoxy-1,1-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethyl) exhibited highest affinity with 5I5H motifs of  E. coli, 4,8,13-Cyclotetradecatriene-1,3-diol, 1,5,9-trimethyl-12-(1-methylethyl) showed better affinity towards motif 5UW2 of  E. coli and (Z)-4-Nitro-alpha-(p-nitrophenyl)cinnamic acid showed good affinity towards 6NTW motif of  E. coli. The ethanolic leaf extract of L. camara L. showed concentration dependent activity against E. coli.
Preparaty z owoców rokitnika w profilaktyce i terapii niektórych chorób geriatrycznych – aktualny stan badań
Authors: Zadernowski Ryszard , Piłat Beata
Published: February 2023

In recent years, interest in the consumption of sea buckthorn fruit (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) in the form of dietary supplements has increased. This is due to the fact that new evidence is constantly published confirming the healing properties of bioactive substances extracted from sea buckthorn berries. This monograph contains current information on the use of sea-buckthorn fruit preparations for prophylaxis and therapy, some geriatric diseases such as urinary tract diseases, prostate diseases and type II diabetes. In addition, it supplements the knowledge provided in an earlier publication published in „Progress of Phytotherapy” in 2019. The paper presents the results of research, pharmacological and clinical tests, of sea-buckthorn products that have appeared in recent years. The purpose of the review is to assess the level of scientific evidence confirming health claims and indications for use, of sea buckthorn fruit dietary supplements.
Ocena aktywności olejku tatarakowego (Calami aetheroleum) wobec bakterii tlenowych i mikroaerofilnych
Authors: Kędzia Anna , Hołderna-Kędzia Elżbieta
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Calamus (Acorus calamus L) grows in South and North America and Asia, it reached Europe with the invasions of the Tatars. It is a perennial with strongly branched, creeping, aromatic rhizome, strongly elongated, sword-shaped, pointed leaves. Reaches a height of up to 1 m. It has a cob-shaped inflorescence with green-yellow flowers. The fruits are small red berries, but in our climate calamus does not bear fruit. The extracts and essential oil obtained from the plant contain: ?- and ?-asarone, cyperenol, cyperol, acorin, acoritin, cyperenone, isoazarone, 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-3-hexanol, galgavin, sacuranin, retusin, isoeugenol, elemicin, safrole, geranyl acetate, spathulenol, borneol, eugenol, linalool, camphor and linoleic, polmitinic and palmitoleic acid. Both the extract and the essential oil have antimicrobial properties. Aim. The investigation activity of calamus oil on aerobic and microaerophilic bacteria. Material and methods. The aerobic and microaerophilic bacteria were isolated from oral cavity and upper respiratory tract. The strains belonging to following genera: Staphylococcus (7), Enterococcus (4), Corynebacterium (2), Acinetobacter (3), Citrobacter (2), Escherichia (4), Klebsiella (2), Pseudomonas (5), Serratia (2), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (11), Campylobacter (3), Eikenella (4), Rothia (2) and 7 reference strains were used. Investigation for aerobic bacteria was carried out in Mueller-Hinton agar which contain 2.5-20.0 mg/ml calamus oil (Semifarm) and incubation was carried out in 37°C for 24 hrs and for microaerophilic bacteria in range 0.12-2.0 mg/ml in Brucella agar with 5% sheep blood, and was incubated in anaerostats (CAMPY Pak, BBL) in 37°C for 48 hrs. The inoculums contained 10 5 CFU per spot. The lowest dilution of calamus oil that completely inhibited the growth of the tested bacteria was taken as the MIC. Results. The oil (10.0-15.0 mg/ml) inhibited the grows 4 strains from Staphylococcus aureus genus. MIC for remaining cocci were 15.0-? 20.0 mg/ml. The activity of calamus oil in the case of Gram-negative sticks turned out to be lower (15.0-? 20.0 mg/ml). The oil was more effective against microaerophilic bacteria (MIC 1.0-? 0.12 mg/ml). The strains from Campylobacter genus characterized the most susceptibility to oil (MIC ? 0.12-0.25 mg/ml). Until 81% of strains from Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans genus was susceptible in concentrations ? 0.12-0.25 mg/ml. The rods from Eikenella and Rothia genus turned out to be sensitive to the concentration of the oil in the range of ? 0.12-1.0 mg/ml. Conclusions. The Gram-positive aerobic bacteria were most susceptible to calamus oil then Gram-negative rods. The oil was highly effective against microaerophilic bacteria of the Campylobacter sputorum species. Calamus oil showed higher activity against microaerophilic bacteria compared to aerobic microorganisms.
ROSYJSKIE DOWCIPY I ŻARTY JAKO ŚRODKI PRZEKAZU RETORYKI ANTYWOJENNEJ
Authors: УТКІНА Тетяна
Published: February 2023

Artykuł dotyczy dowcipu, czyli krótkiej ustnej opowieści o fikcyjnym zdarzeniu dotyczącym aktualnego problemu codziennego lub tematu społeczno-politycznego o humorystycznym lub satyrycznym zabarwieniu i nieoczekiwanym humorystycznym zakończeniu. Dowcip szeroko rozpowszechnił się jako gatunek mowy języka rosyjskiego w okresie radzieckim i poradzieckim. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest rozważenie związku dowcipów z sytuacją społeczno-polityczną po rozpoczęciu wojny rosyjsko-ukraińskiej 24 lutego 2022 r. Dowcip jako gatunek mowy współczesnego języka rosyjskiego, natychmiast odzwierciedlił różnego rodzaju aspekty związane z zachodzącymi wydarzeniami, a przede wszystkim retorykę antywojenną. Rozdział bada, jak imponującą liczbę rosyjskich tekstów postfolklorystycznych można zaobserwować w tak trudnym i tragicznym dla wielu ludzi czasie. W artykule podane są definicje dowcipu, żartu, humoru. Analizowany jest materiał ze Słownika języka rosyjskiego S. Ożegowa pod redakcją N.Szwedowy, Wielkiej Rosyjskiej Encyklopedii i in. źródeł. Przedstawiono filozoficzne koncepcje humoru takich znanych myślicieli, jak Jean Paul (Richter), A. Schopenhauer, S. Kierkegaard oraz naukowe koncepcje J. Szmelewy i A. Shmeleva. Humor pokazuje kontrast między nieskończoną ideą a ograniczonym światem zjawisk, humor wyraża się poprzez uśmiech, a nie śmiech, a często objawia się jako uśmiech przez łzy. Efekt komiczny ma zwykle strukturę monologową lub dialogową i zawsze składa się z dwóch części: fabuły, tj. historii wydarzenia, dialogów bohaterów, a następnie nieprzewidzianego zwrotu akcji, który dodaje soli do żartu, nadaje mu sens. Efekt komiczny uzyskuje się za pomocą dwóch głównych rodzajów dowcipów: żartów nawiązujących oraz żartów, które są grą z konkretnym zjawiskiem językowym - polisemią, homonimią, zróżnicowaniem stylistycznym słownictwa itp. (tzw. żarty językowe). Ponadto podane przykłady i analiza dowcipów i żartów związanych z retoryką antywojenną. W artykule dokonane własne tłumaczenie zebranego materiału z języka rosyjskiego na język polski. Temat ten jest bardzo aktualny i ciekawy, ukazuje przemiany językowe w stosunkowo krótkim czasie i reakcje pewnej grupy rosyjskiego społeczeństwa na te przemiany.
Insights on the Origin and Distribution of CO2 in Malay Basin, Offshore Peninsular Malaysia: A Petroleum System Modelling approach
Authors: Nayak Satyabrata , Masoudi Rahim , Tarang Patrick Panting Alexander , B M Diah M Amri , B Roslan Mohd Razeif , B M Amin M Farid , R Iyer Subramania , Aarssen Ben Van , Fun Sook , Mishra Somen
Published: February 2023

High concentration of CO2 in various fields of Malay basin, offshore Peninsular Malaysia pose major challenges in monetizing the resources in a sustainable way. Focused study to understand the source, origin and distribution of CO2 is essential to make informed decisions on developing the fields. This paper is part of the basin scale study to address the distribution of CO2 and its risk assessment. Modelling of the petroleum system including CO2 contaminant was adopted to validate the fluid accumulations in the basin with observed results from fields. An Earth Model was built using maps generated from an integrated study of seismic and 65 key wells. The depth to basement and depth to Moho were incorporated from previous gravity modelling study. The CO2 content and isotope data compiled from reports facilitated in building the knowledge on the source, origin, and distribution over the study area. Play segments identified based on tectonic features were used to divide the basin into subset areas for analysis.
Performance Evaluation of Novel Silane Coated Nanoparticles as an Additive for High-Performance Drilling Fluid Applications
Authors: Bardhan Anirudh , Khan Fahad , Kesarwani Himanshu , Vats Sushipra , Sharma Shivanjali , Kumar Shailesh
Published: February 2023

Improving water-based drilling fluid properties to mitigate instability issues at elevated temperatures is the need of the hour. In this study, industrially prepared silica nanoparticles (NPs) coated with AEAPTS ([3-(2-Aminoethylamino) propyl] trimethoxy silane) was used as an additive to enhance the rheology and control filtration of the water-based mud. Silica nanoparticles were coated separately in a two-step process, which involved the addition of a hydroxyl group first and then coating with AEAPTS. To check its applicability in water-based drilling fluids rheological and filtration tests were done with varying NP concentrations of 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 w/v %. The rheology values of the mud samples were recorded both before and after the thermal aging of mud in the roller oven at 105°C for 16 hours. The filtration test was carried out according to API standards with 100 psi differential pressure for 30 minutes. The silane coating over the silica NPs was confirmed with the shifting in the peaks of the FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectra of the sample. Both the plastic viscosity (PV) and the apparent viscosity (AV) of the drilling fluid were found to be increasing with silane-coated silica nanoparticles’ inclusion when tested at 30°C and 60°C. The degradation in the rheology of the base mud without nanoparticles after thermal aging was found to be around 60 % which was reduced to around 20 % with the addition of the coated silica nanoparticle. Also, a remarkable reduction in the filtrate volume, when compared with base mud, was achieved with the addition of the silane coated NP in the mud. The results show that the novel AEAPT silane-coated silica NPs can be used as a rheology modifier and filtration control additive in water-based drilling fluid for high-temperature drilling applications.
Co-Evolution Law and Control Technology of Corrosion and Scaling in Water Injection Wells of a Middle East Carbonate Oilfield
Authors: Ye Zhengrong , Wang Guan , Zhou Xiang , Zhao Limin , Jiang Weidong , Yi Ran , Cui Xiaodong , Qiu Zhichao , Yang Zhiwen , Chen Yingfeng , Li Kai
Published: February 2023

In order to compensate formation pressure and maintain oil production, a carbonate oilfield in the Middle East adopts water flood development. The injected water exhibits the feature of high salinity and high content of chloride, high content of H2S, and high content of scaling ion. As a result, severe corrosion perforation and plugging were encountered in less than two years, which seriously affects the normal water injection and production of the oilfield.

This paper aims to find out the main controlling factors and co-evolution law of corrosion and scaling, and propose the prevention strategy. The composition of the scale samples is firstly analyzed by combustion method, XRD and atomic absorption spectrometry, and then the main controlling factors of corrosion and scaling are experimentally clarified. On this basis, immersion experiments at different times are further carried out to reveal the evolution of corrosion and scaling in injectors at different depths.

The results show that temperature, salinity (mainly Cl-), total sulfur content, and sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) are the main factors controlling corrosion and scaling, and there is a synergistic effect among them. Temperature and sulfide have a promoting effect on uniform corrosion and scaling, while the salinity in the range of 110g/L-180g/L has an inhibition effect, but has a promoting effect on localized corrosion under deposits; a small amount of SRB can still propagate rapidly under deposits, aggravating the localized corrosion. Along the wellbore profile from top to bottom, the uniform corrosion rate and scaling amount increase but the localized corrosion rate decreases, which indicates that the high risk of localized corrosion perforation in the middle and upper part of the wellbore, as compared to the lower part. It is consistent with the actual corrosion perforation law of water injection wells. The co-evolution mechanism of corrosion and scaling is a synergistic process of three factors: lower uniform corrosion rate under high salinity + sulfide-induced local corrosion initiation + SRB enrichment under deposits and acidification autocatalysis due to Cl- migration. Finally, corrosion and scale control measures were taken by deep desulfurization and adding corrosion inhibitor. This work provides useful practical experience for preventing corrosion and scale formation of high salinity injector in carbonate oilfield.
Downhole Detection of Solid Inflow and Identification of Sand Control Failure Using Pressure and Temperature Sensing Data
Authors: Yamamoto Koji , Kanno Takayuki , Kumagai Kenichi
Published: February 2023

Downhole sand production detection is a crucial method for preventing critical damage to production systems from producing solids, especially in deepwater occasions. In two cases, this study shows how to use pressure and temperature sensors installed in the producer and observer boreholes for offshore gas hydrate production tests in the eastern Nankai Trough to detect solid inflow and pinpoint the regions of sand control failure. Sensors were placed in the boreholes for those attempts in 2013 and 2017, to observe the endothermic gas hydrate dissociation processes. However, data collected during stable production and times of sand inflow demonstrated the occurrence of pressure-temperature changes brought on by sand production. Along with reservoir character information, the data could suggest the mechanism of sand production and strong water inflow that brought fine particles into the sand production device and caused erosion of the device that resulted in a sudden loss of functionality of the device. We could get quantitative information about the mass of created sand and the velocity of sand motion in 2017 from data collected by pressure and temperature sensor array. At the bottom of the borehole, where a guide shoe could accidentally open and let sand and liquid enter, where the sand inflow was situated. These findings could assist us to identify the weak spots of the sand production equipment, which would then enable us to address the issue and improve sand control in the second producer hole of the 2017 operation.
Caracterização das internações em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulto do Distrito Federal: uma comparação entre o período pré e durante a pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Lima Valéria da Silva Matos , Nery Felipe Souza Dreger , Almeida Daniella Valença Daher de
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil das internações nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) adulto do Distrito Federal durante janeiro/2018 a junho/2022, com ênfase na comparação entre antes e durante os primeiros anos de pandemia por COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, descritivo e com análise temporal, utilizando dados do Sistema de Informação Hospitalar do Sistema Único de Saúde. Estudou-se às características sociodemográficas, tempo de permanência, gastos com internação, causas de admissão e mortalidade, destacando o contraste antes e durante a pandemia e a evolução mensal das admissões. Resultados: Identificou-se 32.514 internações, maior proporção do sexo masculino, e idade entre 50 a 69 anos. Antes da pandemia as doenças do aparelho circulatório prevaleciam, com modificação na pandemia para doenças infecciosas e parasitárias. A mortalidade cresceu 9,8%, houve aumento na média de dias de UTI e gastos hospitalares. As internações por doenças infecciosas, apresentou quatro pontos de inflexão na tendência temporal do número de internações, com maior crescimento de março a julho/2020. Conclusão: A maioria das internações em UTI, antes e durante a pandemia, foram homens, idosos, de raça/cor parda. As causas migraram das doenças do aparelho circulatório para as infecciosas, com a COVID-19 sendo a principal responsável pela mudança do padrão de internação.
Depression among Adult Diabetics in the UAE
Authors: Al-Sharbatti Shatha . , Jallo Mahir K. , Wahib Muhannad A. , Sreedharan Jayadevan .
Published: February 2023

Background: Diabetes and depression are costly and prevalent chronic medical conditions. Limited data about the relationship between depression and diabetes in the UAE Objectives: To assess the risk of depression among diabetics in the UAE Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 20 -year-old- and above adults attending the medical outpatients of a teaching hospital, Ajman, with no prior diagnosis of depression and who agreed to participate and give informed consent. The participants were recruited conveniently and screened for depression using beck depression inventory second edition (BDI-II) questionnaire. A validated pilot-tested self-administered questionnaire was also used, including information on socioeconomic status, lifestyle, being diagnosed to have diabetes. Results: The study included 775 participants; 189 had depressive symptoms (24.4%). A significant association was found between depression and gender and education level (p=0.001 for both variables). The percentage of depression was significantly higher among participants diagnosed with diabetes (p=0.016). Performing regular physical activity was associated with a lower rate of depression. Multiple logistic analysis showed that the risk of depression is increased by; gender (being a female compared to a male, or: 2.374 (CI: 1.644 - 3.428, p < 0.001); having a lower education level compared to a higher (or: 1.744, CI:11.155 - 2.635, p=0.008); being diabetic (or 1.656, 1.125 - 2.436, p=0.01). Performing physical activity reduces the risk for depression (or 0.521, CI: 0.298-0.909, p=0.022). Conclusion: Diabetes increases the risk of depression. Predictors of depression are gender and having diabetes. Performing physical activity reduces the risk of depression.
Effectiveness of Syzygium aromaticum Extract in Prevention of Diabetic Retinopathy in Experimental Animals
Authors: Aggarwal Ashutosh . , Nag Tapas C. , Gupta Suresh K. , Srinivasan Bhartu P.
Published: February 2023

Aim of the study: Syzygium aromaticum has been reported to possess aphrodisiac, stomachic, carminative, antispasmodic and anti-cataract properties in traditional ayurvedic medicine. The current study determined the efficacy of S. aromaticum alcoholic extract in the prevention of diabetic retinopathy in rats with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: Type 2 diabetes was induced in neonatal rats with streptozotocin. The effect of S. aromaticum alcoholic extract in different doses on glycemic parameters, lenticular changes, vessel diameter, antioxidant enzymes, inflammatory markers and thickness basement membrane of retinal capillaries was assessed with electron microscopy. The results of the treatment groups was compared with that of the diabetes control group. Results: The treatment of diabetic rats with S. aromaticum alcoholic extract at different doses significantly reduced blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, lenticular changes, vessel diameter, inflammatory markers and thickness of basement membrane of retinal capillaries and antioxidant enzymes status. Conclusion: S. aromaticum alcoholic extract may be used strategically to prevent diabetic retinopathy.
Cleaning Validation: A Crucial Step in Assuring Quality During Pharmaceutical Manufacturing
Authors: Dahiya Saurabh . , Chand Diwan . , Goyal Yachika . , Sharma Chanchal .
Published: February 2023

Cleaning procedures for manufacturing equipment have been shown to prevent product contamination through the cleaning validation process. This review aims to understand how the cleaning validation plays a critical role in managing contamination or cross-contamination issues during good manufacturing practices (GMP). Emphasis on the quantity of cleaning required for the machinery, the elimination of contamination during manufacturing procedures are discussed here. The article describes various cleaning agents as well as sampling methods for cleaning equipment. Focus is laid on the elements of cleaning validation, objectives of the cleaning validation, regulatory significance of requirements for cleaning validation, etc. Also, it provides information on the different cleaning standards to meet regulatory requirements by the pharmaceutical industry.
Penguatan Efikasi Diri Melalui Self Talk Sebagai Koping Religius
Authors: Cahyandari Rinova
Published: February 2023

Adolescence is a crucial period because there is a transition from childhood to adulthood. In dealing with the dynamics of stress and storms, adolescents may develop self-efficacy problems. This paper aims to reveal the potential for managing self-efficacy through religious coping using self-talk. Respondents consisted of 60 teenage students, involving 30 students in the control group and 30 students in the experimental group. This paper was compiled from experimental research with a Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Data collection was carried out through self-efficacy questionnaires. Data analysis using statistical tests showed that there were differences in self-efficacy between the control and experimental groups after the religious coping intervention through self-talk. Furthermore, the results show that self talk as religious coping can strengthen self-efficacy in the experimental group. As a religious coping, self-talk involves religious, and worship values and is centered on God. Self-talk can be used as a self-help technique that can change individual perceptions. Self-talk applied as religious coping can encourage individuals to re-conceptualize themselves, bring new meanings to life events, improve problem management, and encourage prosocial behavior, all of which focus on the individual's relationship as a religious being. This will direct individuals to adaptive behavior in everyday life.
Dulxanthone A from Ethyl Acetate Extract of Garcinia nigrolineata Stem Bark
Authors: . Darwati , Khoirun Nissa , Desi Harneti
Published: February 2023

The genus Garcinia is the largest genus of the Guttiferae family which is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. There are 64 species of Garcinia in Indonesia, one of which is Garcinia nigrolineata known as “Kandis keling". This plant is reported as a source of secondary metabolites like xanthones. Xanthones are known to have interesting activities, such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and antibacterial. This study aims to isolate xanthone compounds from stem bark of G. nigrolineata and determine their structures by using various spectroscopic methods. Samples were macerated with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate extract was then separated and purified by chromatographic method to obtain pure C6e isolates. The C6e isolates were characterized using UV, IR, 1HNMR, 13C-NMR, HMQC, 1H-1H COSY, HMBC and mass spectroscopy methods. The C6e isolates obtained were in the form of yellow oil as much as 5.6 mg. Based on the results of structural elucidation, the C6e isolates were xanthone compounds with the molecular formula of C19H18O6, namely dulxanthone A.
Structure-reactivity relation in the oxidation of some aliphatic aldehydes by Tripropylammonium chlorochromate
Authors: Jangir Rakesh , Kumawat Ketul , Bishnoi Pramila , Prakash Om
Published: February 2023

The oxidation of six aliphatic aldehydes by tripropylammonium chlorochromate (TPACC) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) leads to the formation of corresponding carboxylic acids. The reaction is of first order each in TPACC. A Michaelis-Menten type of kinetics is observed with respect to the aldehydes. The reaction is catalysed by hydrogen ions. The hydrogen-ion dependence has the form: kobs = a + b[H+]. The oxidation of deuteriated acetaldehyde MeCDO exhibited a substantial primary kinetic isotope effect (kH/kD = 5.75 at 298 K). The oxidation of acetaldehyde has been studied in nineteen different organic solvents. The solvent effect has been analysed using Taft's and Swain's multiparametric equations. The rate constants correlate well with Taft’s * values, reaction constants being negative. A mechanism involving transfer of hydride ion has been suggested.
Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose Acetate-Hydroxyapatite (CA-HA) Composite Membrane for Ultrafiltration Process
Authors: Ernawati Evy , Noviyanti Atiek Rostika , Deawati Yusi , Herlina Tati , . Haryono
Published: February 2023

A composite material is of two or more combined constituents with disparate properties and forming an inseparable component with novel characteristics. This study was aimed to acquire cellulose acetatehydroxyapatite (CA-HA) composite membrane and apply it in an ultrafiltration process. HA was synthesized hydrothermally from pre-calcined-eggshell calcium oxide. The CA-HA composites were prepared by addition of HA to give final HA composition of 0, 4 and 5% (w/w). The addition of HA altered CA morphologies and constricted the porous of CA-HA over the pure CA. The tensile strength analysis suggested that CA with 4% and 5% HA showed increasing tensile strength form 0.15 MPa for pure CA to 0.35 and 0.2 MPa respectively.
Mini Review: Therapeutic Potential of Tecoma stans
Authors: Saxena N. , Chawada H. , Kumar C. , Sanyal D. , Dasgupta S. , Chaturvedi A.K.
Published: February 2023

The plant Tecoma stans belongs to Bignoniaceae family. It is dicotyledonous in nature and shrub type plant with 2 to 4 meters height. This plant is generally grown along sides of streets and is also as an ornamental garden plant. Other names used for this plant are yellow bells, trumpet flower and yellow elder. All the parts of the plant including root, bark, leave, flower, fruit and seed are reported to have several medicinal and therapeutic properties. Chemical constituents of this plant includes alkaloids, anthraquinones, amino acids, flavonoids, glycosides, monoterpenes, phytosterols, phenols, quinones, saponins, tannins and triterpenes. Presently, more focus is towards plant based herbal medicines for the remedial purposes of multiple diseases and medical conditions. Different parts of T. stans plant have been identified to possess anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, cytotoxic and wound healing properties. It is also used to treat digestive complications, diabetes, yeast infections, cancer and arthritis as well. This review article provides information and data on phytochemical, pharmacological and remedial potential of T. stans plant briefly.
Status of solid waste generation in municipal corporation cities of Maharashtra in India: a review
Authors: Thorat Abhijit S. , Attarde Sanjay B.
Published: February 2023

Generation of municipal solid waste to manage is a major environmental issue in Maharashtra. Due to rapid increase in industrialization, urbanization and population growth, the generation rate of municipal solid waste in Maharashtrian cities and towns also increased. Mishandling of municipal solid waste can cause adverse environmental impacts, public health risks and other socio-economic problems. Present investigation has been carried out to study the altering tendencies of quantity and features of municipal solid waste. The changing pattern of waste composition highlights the importance of isolation for effective process of waste management amenities. Municipal experts should maintain the storing facilities in such a way that they do not generate unhygienic and contaminated situations. A fresh survey would be carried out on the generation and characterization of municipal solid waste in Maharashtra. Subsequently, the municipal solid waste is varied in nature, many samples must be collected and examined to obtain statistically reliable consequences. This overview on status of solid waste management in Maharashtrian cities in India will be beneficial for the competent authorities responsible for municipal solid waste management and researchers to prepare more resourceful strategies.
Patterns of Uveitis at the Tertiary Eye Care Clinic of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Teaching Hospital, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo, LN Nsiangani , KD Kaimbo ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Teaching Hospital, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
Published: February 2023

Purpose: To describe the clinical characteristics and the etiology of uveitis in a retrospective series of patients referred to the Tertiary Eye Care Clinic of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the medical records of all patients who presented to consultation between January 2010 and December 2012. The time of follow-up ranged from 6 months to 4 years. Each patient underwent an ophthalmic and general clinical examination, and an etiological assessment according to the diagnostic hypotheses was carried out. Results: 115 cases of uveitis were diagnosed, giving a prevalence of 0.6% of all diagnoses at the hospital. Men represented 51.3% of patients, with a sex ratio of 1:1. The mean age of the patient at presentation ± SD was 42.4 ± 18.3 years (Range: 8-80 years). At the initial consultation, 53% of patients had visual impairment (VA <6/18). Anterior (50.4%) and posterior (26.1%) uveitis were the most frequent anatomical types of uveitis among patients. The etiology of uveitis could not be determined in 58 patients (50.4%). Uveitis from infectious causes accounted for 44.3% and non-infectious causes 5.2%. During follow-up, 34.8% of patients developed a complication; cataracts (27.8%) and retinal detachment (8.7%) were the most common complications. Conclusion: Infectious causes account for most cases on most studies of uveitis in the Sub-Saharan. Visual impairment and complications are frequent among patients. Limitations in diagnostic techniques and financial resources impose a challenge for etiological diagnosis and patient care.
Keyhole Pupil
Authors:   Mohammed V University Souissi, Department A of Ophthalmology, Rabat, Morocco, N Taouri , A Tagmouti ,   Mohammed V University Souissi, Department A of Ophthalmology, Rabat, Morocco, M Sefrioui ,   Mohammed V University Souissi, Department A of Ophthalmology, Rabat, Morocco, A Amazouzi ,   Mohammed V University Souissi, Department A of Ophthalmology, Rabat, Morocco, N Boutimzin ,   Mohammed V University Souissi, Department A of Ophthalmology, Rabat, Morocco, LO Cherkaoui ,   Mohammed V University Souissi, Department A of Ophthalmology, Rabat, Morocco
Published: February 2023

Iris coloboma is a cleft caused by defects in the closure of embryonic fissure, typically, it affects the tissue in the inferonasal quadrant of the eye. We report a case of a 15 years old patient with a typical aspect of “keyhole pupil” which corresponds to inferonasal deficit of the iris tissue.
Referrals from an Optometric Practice to the Hospital Eye Services in Singapore – A Two-Year Pre- & During- Covid Retrospective Study
Authors:   School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Singapore Polytechnic, Singapore, LL Tan , LH Koh ,   Pearl’s Optical Co. Pte Ltd., Singapore, KK Koh ,   Undergraduate, National University of Singapore, Singapore, KR Koh ,   Undergraduate, National University of Singapore, Singapore, KY Koh ,   High School, Anglo-Chinese School (Independent), Singapore
Published: February 2023

Purpose: This two-year retrospective study investigated the referral rate and eye conditions referred from an optometric practice in Singapore pre- and during-Covid. Materials & Methods: Data collection (audit period) was done from Mar to May 2021. In total, 10582 patient records seen during the period of 14 Feb 2019 to 6 Feb 2021 were extracted. Five thousand three hundred and seventyeight records were done in Year 1 (pre-Covid: 14 Feb 2019 to 31 Jan 2020) and 5204 records were done in Year 2 (during-Covid: 1 Feb 2020 to 6 Feb 2021). Data was then tabulated on patient’s demography (age, gender, ethnicity), audit period, whether the patient was referred, Referral Reply Received (RRR) and the eye conditions being referred, that was categorized to anterior eye anomalies, posterior eye anomalies, glaucoma related eye anomalies and others eye anomalies. Results: Total eye examination done pre-Covid was 5378 and 709 of them were referred (13.2%) with RRR at 42 (5.9%). Total eye examination done during-Covid was slightly lesser at 5204 and 645 of them were referred (12.4%) with RRR at 28 (4.3%). Majority of patients referred are Chinese and aged more than 60 years. 73% of the patients referred pre-Covid and 63% of the patients referred during-Covid were asymptomatic. The most commonly referred eye conditions were glaucoma, cataract/PCO, retinal and macular anomalies. Discussion: High referral rate shown in this study does not represent the referral rate in the country as the data was collected in a single optometric practice. This study has demonstrated the role of optometrists in primary eye care through early detection of various eye conditions and save sight.
All-aqueous Synthesis of Fibrillated Protein Microcapsules for Membrane-bounded Culture of Tumor Spheroids
Authors: Wei Yue , Cai Zhixiang , Yang Ting , Yang Shi , Xu Xiuli , Yu Han , Zan Rui , Zhang Hongbin , Liu Zhou , Liu Changkun , Kong Tiantian , Song Yang
Published: February 2023

Water-in-water (W/W) emulsion provides cytocompatible compartments for cell encapsulation and 3D printing of tissues. Formation of semi-permeable membrane at the W/W interface is critical to entrapment of cells in the droplet phase and supply of nutrients from the continuous phase. However, the adsorption of colloidal particles at the W/W interface is dynamic and reversible, which represents an inherent limitation for fabrication of mechanically robust cell-laden microcapsules. Here we demonstrate the preparation of thin, inflatable and semi-permeable microcapsules by using clusters of protein fibrils as building blocks and control their assembly at W/W interface. These fibril clusters are prepared by cross-linking lysozyme fibrils with multi-arm polyethylene glycol (PEG) through click chemistry. Compared to linear-structured fibrils, fibril clusters can strongly adsorb at W/W interface, and they packed into an interconnected meshwork to stabilize W/W emulsion. Moreover, when fibril clusters are complexed with calcium alginate, the hybrid microcapsules can bear a high osmotic gradient of 60 mOsm/Kg induced by dextran (Mw=500,000), and their surface area expand by over 100% without rupture. This all-aqueous biomaterial synthesis approach allows fabrication of mechanically robust capsules for long-time culture of SGC-996 tumor spheroids, with great potentials to be used in anti-tumor drug-screening and tissue transplantation.