bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Orientalism in Eastern Europe: the Quran Adventure of the Philomaths
Authors: Drira Abdelhamid
Published: January 2025

The Quran of the Philomaths is a fascinating adventure led by brilliant patriotic students, mainly Polish. They spent several years in Lithuania in the early 19th century, writing the first Polish translation of the Koran using the Latin alphabet. Numerous articles were devoted to this Quran, as well as several books on the Tatars of Northern Europe. However, those papers emphasize the political patriotic goals behind that translation. This long article, based on my doctoral thesis at the Sorbonne, follows another path and demonstrates that the translation of the Philomaths was first a scientific and literary project motivated by the great interest in Orientalism shown by the Philomaths. To support this, the first part of the article is dedicated to demonstrating the importance of the Orientalist movement in Poland and Vilnius in general, and among several members of the Philomaths and the Philarets. The question of rehabilitation of Polish Orientalists who lived in Russia in the 19th century is also included. The second part of this research addresses essential questions about the Koran of the Philomaths, such as who the real authors are, their sources, their level of Arabic and their work methodology. Some of these practical questions have never been addressed. This paper also focuses on what happened to the manuscript of the Philomaths after their conviction in 1823. It is true that the first printed Polish translation of Buczacki in Warsaw in 1858 is linked to that of the Philomaths. Nevertheless, this research firmly rejects the accusations of usurpation, which are very popular today. Finally, this article shows the lesser-known contribution of other important authors, such as Andrzej Potocki and Albert de Biberstein Kazimirski.
Zesłańczy sen o kapeluszu i uniwersytecie. O fragmencie z dziennika Tomasza Zana
Authors: Pisula Anna
Published: January 2025

Artykuł podejmuje temat fragmentu dziennika Tomasza Zana opisującego sen autora. Tekst ten wiąże się więc z żywym w czasach romantyzmu zagadnieniem marzeń sennych i ich interpretacji. Wpisuje się też w krajobraz „snów polskich” – ten termin, ukuty przez Michała Kuziaka, opiera się na przeświadczeniu, że romantyczny oniryzm w wydaniu polskim miał własną specyfikę, odróżniającą go od podobnych motywów w romantyzmie zachodnioeuropejskim. Tezą artykułu jest przeświadczenie, że ten niepozorny fragment dziennika zawiera w sobie właściwości całego diariusza – przede wszystkim kult szczegółu, zerwanie przyczynowo-skutkowych relacji między następującymi wydarzeniami oraz szczególną cechę nazwaną w samym śnie „pomieszaniem”. Wszystkie te elementy są środkami, przez które Zan wyraża w dzienniku istotę swojego zesłańczego doświadczenia.
Towarzystwo każdemu z członków: „rozkazuje” – czasowniki deontyczne w wewnętrznych dokumentach filomatów
Authors: Tutak Kinga
Published: January 2025

Przedmiotem artykułu jest funkcjonowanie czasowników deontycznych w wybranych typach wypowiedzi filomatów, przede wszystkim w ustawach, dekretach i instrukcjach – ogólnie: w wypowiedziach o charakterze normatywnym. Tego typu teksty pełnią dwie funkcje: kreatywną, ponieważ tworzą pewien stan rzeczy, oraz dyrektywną, która wiąże się z wpływaniem na postępowanie odbiorców. Korpus badawczy stanowią dwa tomy Materiałów do historii Towarzystwa Filomatów wydane w Krakowie w latach 1920-1921. Przeprowadzona kwerenda wykazała, że najwięcej czasowników deontycznych pojawia się w ustawach. Dominują wśród nich słowa konstytuujące nakazy, rzadziej występują czasowniki wyrażające pozwolenie oraz czasowniki zakazu. W strukturze semantyczno-pragmatycznej omawianych czasowników zostały wyróżnione cztery komponenty, tj. sprawca i odbiorca deontyczny, potencjalna akcja i uwarunkowania. Czasowniki deontyczne konstytuują wypowiedzi o charakterze normatywnym, które dotyczą działań ludzi połączonych wymianą myśli, wzajemnym oddziaływaniem intelektualnym i emocjonalnym, a więc tworzących kolektyw myślowy w rozumieniu Ludwika Flecka.
Predictive fatigue life modelling for aluminum alloys winder high temperature and shot peening interact
Authors:   National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), Allawi Alwin , Ksibi Hatem ,   Sfax Preparatory Engineering Institute (IPEIS)
Published: January 2025

Enhancing the surface quality of shells subjected to high stress is a major task. A variety of procedures are employed for dealing with this issue. Shot peening is particularly common for aluminium alloys made. In fact, the main method for assessing the surface’s durability under consideration is fatigue testing using standard specimens over several cycles. This paper investigates the performance of aluminium alloys under high-temperature exposure, examining their behaviour with and without shot peening-induced hardening. In fact, the study focuses on the fatigue behaviour of aluminium alloys 2024-T4 and 2024-T361 at 250 °C. Experiments on standard-sized specimens were conducted at both room temperature and 250 °C to evaluate how temperature affects fatigue life. The findings were consistent with previously published data, providing useful insights into the behaviour of these alloys at extreme temperatures. Additionally, a mathematical model was developed, integrating the Stress – Number of cycles curve, loading sequence, temperature, and surface hardness from shot peening. This model was compared with Miner’s rule to assess its predictive accuracy. The results show that the new model provides more accurate predictions of fatigue life than Miner’s rule, thereby improving the reliability and safety of components in high-temperature applications. By offering precise fatigue life predictions, this research aids in the design and development of more durable aluminium alloy components, ensuring optimal performance and safety in challenging operating environments.
Study of centrifugal atomisation mechanisms based on a simulated experiment
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Zhukov E. Yu. , Naurzalinov A. S. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Pashkov I. N. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University)
Published: January 2025

The process of melt dispersion on a rotating bowl is a common method for producing metal powders. It is difficult to study the dispersion process on real melts, including by visualisation methods. Therefore, it is proposed to study the influence of such factors as the jet fall height, liquid flow rate, surface wetting, and the presence of a bowl wall on the process of obtaining small droplets using a model liquid without crystallisation, recording the process by high-speed shooting. The purpose of this work is to determine the most favourable dispersion conditions, when all the supplied liquid turns into droplets without the formation of large droplets, additional jets leading to secondary spraying. A glycerol solution in water with a viscosity equal to the viscosity of tin melt was chosen as a model liquid. The dispersion process was shot on a high-speed camera with a shooting frequency of 1,200 frames per second. It was found that when increasing the melt flow, a change in the spray mode is observed. With an increase in pressure, the flow and kinetic interaction of the jet with the surface of the bowl, increase, and consequently, the excess liquid, which is sprayed prematurely, increases. At any flow of the supplied liquid, if the liquid does not get to the centre, secondary spraying occurs due to the destruction of the film, on the hydraulic jump, because of the uneven radial velocity at the peak of the jump. When the feed height changes from 100 to 150 mm, secondary spraying in the form of droplets is observed at the hydraulic jump area. The number of spirals and secondary spraying affect the increase in the size of the particle fraction. In the range of the jet fall height from 50 to 100 mm, an optimal process is observed, in which it is possible to obtain the smallest fraction. In the experiment, a tendency to improve the spraying process when increasing the bowl surface finish was observed. Due to the walls of the bowl, the path of the liquid before it leaves the bowl increases, drops flying above the surface of the bowl are destroyed into a film, therefore, the dispersion process improves.
Intensification of the process of equal channel angular pressing using ultrasonic vibrations
Authors:   Institute of Technical Acoustics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Rubanik V. V. , Lomach M. S. ,   Institute of Technical Acoustics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Rubanik V. V. Jr. ,   Institute of Technical Acoustics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Lutsko V. F. ,   Institute of Technical Acoustics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Gusakova S. V. ,   Belarusian State University
Published: January 2025

The work presents a new method of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) using powerful ultrasonic vibrations (UV). The authors have developed an original device of ultrasonic ECAP, in which the waveguide with the matrix are made as a single unit, and the waveguide fastening elements are located in the nodal plane of mechanical displacements of the standing wave, the excitation of which occurs directly in the matrix and the blank during pressing. For the first time, it has been proposed to transmit ultrasonic vibrations to the zone of intersection of the matrix channels through which the blank moves, not through the punch, but by exciting vibrations in the matrix itself, i. e. the matrix is simultaneously a waveguide for longitudinal ultrasonic vibrations. This allowed increasing repeatedly the efficiency of ultrasonic action by reducing the friction forces between the surface of the blank and the surface of the matrix channels, as well as by reducing the deformation forces in the zone of intersection of the matrix channels, where a simple shift of the deformed metal occurs. As a result, in comparison with the known methods of ultrasonic ECAP, when the reduction in pressing force is less than 15 %, the excitation of ultrasonic vibrations directly in the waveguide – matrix allowed reducing the pressing force by 1.5–4 times. At the same time, the structure of the pressed materials also changes significantly: the grain size and their crystallographic orientations decrease, the microhardness increases. Changes in the phase composition for all samples produced by ECAP with ultrasonic vibrations, and by conventional technology are not observed.
Methodology for a multifactorial assessment of the financial accessibility indicator in the context of Russian economy
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Kurilova A. A.
Published: January 2025

The problem of the study is related to the unevenness of financial accessibility in the regions of Russia, which hinders the development of financial inclusion and increases socio-economic imbalances. Multivariable estimate of financial accessibility is key to understanding the quality of life of the population and the state as a whole, as well as the level of digital transformation of society. The objective of the study is to develop a methodology for a multifactorial assessment of the financial accessibility index to identify the key factors influencing its development and analyze the spatiotemporal dynamics in Russian regions. The research methodology is based on the application of the principal component analysis (PCA), which ensures objective data aggregation. The study is based on 479 indicators covering infrastructure, demand and qualitative aspects of financial accessibility for the period of 2016–2022. The data source was official materials of the Central Bank of Russia. The results showed that the main drivers of financial accessibility are the development of the network of credit institutions, digitalization of financial services and improvement of the quality of service. Nevertheless, significant regional disparity remains, requiring targeted solutions and taking into account regional specifics to stimulate sustainable economic growth and improve the well-being of the population. The most significant of the 479 factors analyzed are the number of active credit institutions, the share of the adult population using at least one open personal account in a credit institution, and the number of complaints from consumers of financial services. The findings confirm the importance of a multifactorial approach to assessing financial accessibility. The results of the study can be used to develop government programs aimed at leveling regional differences and increasing financial inclusion.
Criminal procedure form: boundaries of the necessary and sufficient
Authors:   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Tarasov A. A. ,   Academician S.P. Korolev Samara National Research University
Published: January 2025

The criminal procedure form is an integral part of the content of the criminal procedure itself and the object of the fiercest discussions in science, noticeably overloaded with ideological theses and arguments, sharp, sometimes excessively emotional criticism of the current law and of opponents proposing some changes and amendments to this law. The question of where the objectively necessary set of formal prescriptions of the law regarding criminal-procedural activity ends and obvious procedural and documentary excesses begin was chosen for a detailed analysis. The “formalization” of the Russian criminal process is a negative trend in its modern development. The example of the consideration of petitions by the investigator shows the presence of obvious procedural excesses provided for by the current Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation. In the literature, the global “administrativization” of domestic justice in the first years of the Soviet regime and the shortage of qualified legal personnel loyal to it are named as the historical reason for this trend. Some authors argue that the actual elimination of both of these factors in subsequent history did not lead to a simplification of the criminal procedure form and mention examples of excessive “formalization”. Examples from the 1864 Charter of Criminal Procedure show that even before the Soviet period of Russian history, the relationship between representatives of power – the judicial investigator and the police, as well as between authorities and persons not vested with power – was always regulated in detail. As a result, a conclusion was formulated that the criminal procedure form is a necessary condition for the legitimacy of the authorities’ law enforcement, the personification of its application and responsibility for it. In this part, the detail of normative regulation and documentary registration cannot be considered excessive.
Research on the impact of embedded cultivation on the willingness of local normal university students to teach in rural schools
Authors:   Mudanjiang Normal University, Yu Hui , Wan Zixi ,   Mudanjiang Normal University, Yu Haiying ,   Mudanjiang Normal University
Published: January 2025

Embedded cultivation is a major measure for local universities to address the shortage of professional capital for normal students to teach in rural schools. Based on the survey data of 11,882 local college normal students in five provinces, the research investigated whether embedded cultivation enhances the willingness of local normal university students to teach in rural schools. The research has found that there is a moderate positive correlation between the form, content, and methods of embedded cultivation and the willingness of normal students to teach in rural schools. However, in contrast, bidirectional, transformative, and continuous embedding, acquiring the norms and values of rural teachers, and developing professional competencies in rural education are more important. With the increase in the intensity of embedded cultivation, it has enhanced the willingness of normal students to teach in rural schools, but not all embedded cultivation content has played a positive role. Only formal embedding, developing professional competencies in rural education, and bidirectional embedding can play a positive guiding role. To enhance the willingness of normal students to teach in rural schools, we should strengthen the bidirectional nature of embedded cultivation and enhance the professional matching between normal school students and rural schools; fully implement embedded content to enhance the intrinsic motivation of normal students to teach in rural schools; adopt a multi-dimensional intervention approach to guide normal students to have a correct understanding of teaching in rural schools.
The Impact of Layout Toward the Sales Intensity of Local Fashion Brand Store: BigJill
Authors: Husna Azzuhra Fauziah , Wirasari Ira , Wiguna Iqbal Prabawa
Published: January 2025

In recent years, it has been known that there has been an increase in people’s buying interest in fashion products. This phenomenon is globalization’s impact, which causes people’s behavior to be consumptive, especially in the fashion sector. The increase in the fashion industry significantly influences the progress of local fashion brands in Indonesia. However, it causes competition between local fashion brands, which is getting tougher with more new brands emerging. This was also felt directly by the local women’s fashion brand, named BigJill, located in Bandung. The current condition of BigJill’s offline store is relatively lagging compared to its competitors. This study analyzes the effect of offline store layout in increasing sales intensity in BigJill’s offline stores. After analysis, researchers found that the layout conditions influence the sales intensity of BigJill’s offline store.
Keywords: local fashion brands, sales intensity, store layout
Construction of oncolytic reporter influenza viral vectors and assessment of their safety following intracranial administration in rats
Authors: Pulkina A. A. , Mustafaeva A. S. , Romanovskaya-Romanko E. A. , Plotnikova M. A. , Ozhereleva O. O. , Shuklina M. A. , Kiseleva L. N. , Alekseeva Y. S. , Kurmazov N. S. , Muslimov A. R. , Shurygina A.-P.S. , Stukova M. A.
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION: Oncolytic viruses are a promising approach for treating malignant brain tumors as part a of combination therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To develop reporter influenza A viruses expressing NanoLuc luciferase and evaluate their safety following intracranial administration in rats.

METHODS: Chemiluminescent reporter influenza A virus strains were obtained by reverse genetics. The NS genetic segment of the T_NS124-Luc and E_NS124-Luc strains encoded a fusion protein that combined NS1124 and NanoLuc. In the T_NS124-2A-Luc and E_NS124-2A-Luc strains, the NS1124 and NanoLuc sequences were separated by a 2A co-translational cleavage site. To enhance the tumor specificity of the viruses, the trypsin cleavage site (T) in the hemagglutinin (HA) protein was replaced with an elastase cleavage site (E) by introducing S342→P and R343→I substitutions in the HA region of the E_NS124-Luc and E_NS124-2A-Luc constructs.

RESULTS: The obtained constructs demonstrated comparable reproductive and luminescent activity in MDCK cells. However, vectors containing the 2A site upstream of the transgene infected the glioma cell lines C6, A172, and T98G more effectively. Intracranial administration of a high dose of the virus was safe, causing no neurological or other pathological symptoms in rats. In addition, the luminescent reporter NanoLuc was expressed at the injection site without the formation of active viral progeny.

CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that a chemiluminescent influenza A virus strain can induce transgene expression at the site of intracranial injection without active viral replication.
Analysis of the Circular Economic System Using the Causal Loop Diagram Method Based on the Green Economy an Islamic Economic Perspective in West Sumatera
Authors: Imtihan  , Suhaemi Zasmeli , Edinov Sanny , Satrianto Alpon
Published: January 2025

Circular economy is an economic concept that implements sustainable development goals related to sustainable and sustainable levels of consumption and production as well as a solution to environmental problems caused by consumption and production programs from the application of a linear economy with the concept of "take-use-dispose". The aim of this research is to find out how Islamic economics views the development of a circular economy based on a green economy. This research was conducted in West Sumatra. The stages in this research were carried out by determining the main variables in the circular economy, using multiple linear regression analysis. Based on primary and secondary data, the A Causal Loop Diagram analysis was carried out and then integrated with an Islamic economic perspective. The results of this research found that circular economics is in line with the principles contained in the Islamic economic perspective, namely: (1) Principles of wise resource management; (2) The principle of minimal waste disposal; (3) Principles of social justice and growth; and (4) Principles of sustainable development.
Um paraíso perdido na fronteira: representações e intervenções de Euclides da Cunha que marcaram a Amazônia brasileira
Authors: Claudino Livio Sergio Dias
Published: January 2025

Euclides da Cunha foi um brasileiro destacado em diversas áreas das ciências, sendo marcante a sua descrição do interior do país, tendo produzido formas específicas de olhar e de intervir sobre os recursos, os territórios e as populações (natureza e cultura) da Amazônia ao longo do século XX. O texto apresenta Euclides e parte da sua obra sobre a Amazônia, analisando as representações produzidas, buscando compreender os efeitos dos seus escritos sobre as formas de ver e intervir sobre a região, cotejando uma provocação sobre as noções de fronteira desde então. A metodologia foi a revisão bibliográfica não sistemática, tanto em obras originais de Euclides quanto nos textos de seus comentaristas e críticos. Como principais resultados, destacamos o pioneirismo e a relevância da obra de Euclides para a construção de uma representação distinta sobre a Amazônia, rompendo com algumas visões dos expedicionários anteriores e produzindo novos discursos e imagens que foram utilizados ao longo do século XX em diversas frentes de intervenção.
O capital na fronteira: explorando as raízes da acumulação primitiva na zona de influência do Parque Nacional do Jamanxim, Pará, Brasil
Authors: Silva Júnior Antônio Rodrigues , Carvalho André Cutrim , Monteiro Irvyem Gabriel Santos
Published: January 2025

A presente abordagem sobre acumulação primitiva do capital parte da compreensão de que esse processo histórico social não representa somente o início do modelo de produção capitalista, mas sua recriação, que condiciona a expansão desse modelo econômico de maneira ampliada na contemporaneidade. Esse entendimento é apresentado a partir da concepção de fronteira enquanto categoria analítica, do ponto de vista de conflitos, expropriações e sujeição à reprodução do capital através da força de trabalho e sob o aporte metodológico exploratório. O objetivo deste artigo, portanto, é demonstrar como a cooptação da força de trabalho e sua operacionalização se configuram na fronteira do Estado do Pará, por meio de atividades de exploração de recursos naturais extraídos do Parque Nacional do Jamanxim, com o intuito de evidenciar o imperativo da acumulação primitiva do capital. A principal conclusão é que os atores sociais que detêm os recursos financeiros e meios de produção exploram um contingente considerável de marginalizados que possuem somente a força de trabalho e se sujeitam a quaisquer condições para sua subsistência.
Assessing Internalized Beliefs: Psychometric Evidences for the Pathogenic Belief Scale in Turkish Culture
Authors: Türkkan Tuğba , Odacı Hatice , Kaya Feridun
Published: January 2025

This study was conducted to test the reliability and validity of the Pathogenic Belief Scale (PBS) on adult individuals. Participants consisted of 299 adults, including 189 (63.2%) females and 110 (36.8%) males, with a mean age of 21.16 years (SD= 3.68). Personal Information Form, Pathogenic Belief Scale-R, Cognitive Distortions Scale, and Dysfunctional Attitude Scale were used as data collection tools. The three-dimensional structure of the PBS was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis on the Turkish sample (χ2= 204.990,df= 186, χ2/df= 1.102, comparative fit index = 0.997, normed fit index = 0.997, standardized root mean square residual = .058, and root-mean-square error of approximation = .019 (90% confidence interval [.001, .032]). Factor loadings were found to be between .470 and .761. The analyses also showed that the internal consistency reliability coefficients were at a quite good level for the undeserving dimension (α = .874,ω= 0.875), the cannot rely on others dimension (α = 0.794,ω= 0.799), and the interpersonal guilt dimension (α = .847,ω= 0.857). The Turkish version of the PBS is a valid and reliable tool that can be used to evaluate the pathogenic beliefs of individuals. The research results were discussed, and certain inferences were made for the future in line with the limitations.
Informed Investment Decisions: The Role of Fundamental and Investment-Specific Financial Knowledge on Investors’ Information Source Choice
Authors: Zhang Yu , Chatterjee Swarn , Fan Lu
Published: January 2025

The increasingly complicated financial markets and products can be daunting for investors, while access to complete and accurate information through appropriate sources is key to making informed investment decisions. This study uses the 2021 National Financial Capability Study State-by-State Survey combined with the Investor Survey to examine the relationships between investment-specific and fundamental financial knowledge and the associations of these two types of knowledge with investors’ reliance on three distinct information sources for investment decisions, namely, mobile trading apps, financial professionals, and social networks. The analysis reveals that objective investment-specific knowledge and objective fundamental financial knowledge negatively correlated with investors’ reliance on all three information sources and the number of sources used. On the other hand, subjective investment-specific knowledge exhibited positive correlations with the reliance on these three information sources and the number of sources used but subjective fundamental knowledge did not. The findings provide important implications for policymakers, financial planners, and counselors.
Advanced Big Data Analytics: Integrating Fuzzy C-Means, Encoder-Decoder CNNs, and Genetic Algorithms for Efficient Clustering and Classification
Authors: Belhabib Fatima , BENSLIMANE Mohamed , El Moutaouakil Karim
Published: January 2025

In the realm of Big Data analysis, the pivotal question of data clustering takes center stage. This study delves into optimizing this analysis by adopting a hybrid approach that integrates the Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) methodology, Encoder-Decoder Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Genetic Algorithms (GAs), and an optimal classification strategy for data clustering and categorization. FCM provides a flexible clustering foundation with its fuzzy logic, while the Encoder-Decoder CNN contributes to extracting complex features and refining the model. Genetic Algorithms finely adjust the parameters of the hybrid model. The optimal classification strategy complements this approach by ensuring precise data categorization. This hybrid strategy leverages the specific strengths of each component, thereby overcoming inherent limitations in each technique. FCM ensures robust cluster formation the Encoder-Decoder CNN improves feature representation, Genetic Algorithms optimize the hyper-parameters of the hybrid model, and optimal classification reinforces the accuracy of data categorization. Experiments conducted on various Big Data sets reveal a significant enhancement in clustering and classification accuracy, as well as overall analysis efficiency. This research represents a substantial contribution to the evolution of Big Data analysis by proposing an integrated solution harnessing the power of FCM, Encoder-Decoder CNN, Genetic Algorithms, and optimal classification The results suggest that this hybrid approach not only increases clustering and classification accuracy but also provides a versatile and adaptable solution to address challenges in large-scale data analysis.
Parametric Support approach for solving Mean-Variance problem under general constraints
Authors: Boudjelda Souhaib , Brahmi Belkacem
Published: January 2025

The intuitive and natural formulation of the Mean-Variance (MV) model has attracted the attention of researchers over the years. This model is typically presented as a constrained Quadratic Problem (QP), although the practical aspects of investment often require risk tolerance to be considered. In such cases, Parametric Quadratic Programming (PQP) is employed to explore all optimal solutions on the efficient frontier. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for solving the portfolio optimization problem of the mean-variance model. This problem is considered in its parametric formulation under general linear equality constraints with bounded assets. The proposed algorithm iteratively derives the exact efficient frontier by calculating all corner portfolios as a function of the risk aversion parameter. Finally, we test the computational performance of our algorithm in comparison with two state-of-the-art approaches using a set of real benchmarks. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in solving such problems and in identifying the efficient frontier. Additionally, considering large-scale randomly generated problems with dense covariance matrices, we show that our algorithm can efficiently solve this class of problems in a reasonable computation time.
Rôle du potassium et du phosphore sur la croissance des reboisements de Pinus kesiya à Madagascar (seconde partie)
Authors: Malvos Claude , Bonneau Maurice , Souchier Bernard
Published: January 2025

Dans la première partie de cet article, publiée dans le numéro 198, l'auteur a examiné la nature des sols du périmètre de reboisement de Pinus kesiya dans le Haut Mangoro, et traité de la nécessité de leur fertilisation pour obtenir un rendement maximal.Dans cette partie, il aborde la recherche de critères analytiques permettant de prendre en compte la nature des sols in situ et les mécanismes de fertilisation. Les effets respectifs du potassium et du phosphore différencient les quatre grands types de stations, et la recherche de critères analytiques peut révéler les particularités de chaque type de station.
Variabilité, caractéristiques papetières et sélection clonale de deux hybrides d'Eucalyptus plantés au Congo. Eucalyptus tereticornis 12ABL X E. saligna; Eucalyptus PF1 = E. platyphylla X E. urophylla
Authors: Pétroff G. , Tissot M.
Published: January 2025

Des échantillons d'Eucalyptus congolais de la région de Pointe Noire correspondant à deux hybrides ont été testés par le C.T.F.T. afin de définir leurs caractéristiques papetières et leur variabilité, et de sélectionner les meilleures espèces pour les plantations.Au total, 129 échantillons et 32 variables ont été étudiés. Les résultats ont été traités sur ordinateur.Variabilité inter clonale et intra clonale.Les échantillons prélevés sur les plants issus de semis ont montré la plus grande variabilité.Deux échantillons de clones présélectionnés présentent une variabilité sensiblement inférieure.Les échantillons correspondant à un seul et même clone ont constitué un lot homogène, à l'exception de deux spécimens manifestement aberrants.Caractéristiques papetières des lots d'EucalyptusLes deux échantillons de clones présélectionnés ont fait bonne figure et les meilleurs d'entre eux se sont rapprochés de la fabrication de bois à papier de très bonne qualité.De très bonne qualité. Des différences ont cependant été observées entre les tests effectués sur des Eucalyptus fraîchement abattus et les tests effectués sur les mêmes échantillons après un an de stockage.Les meilleurs clones peuvent donner 1 tonne de pâte blanchie à partir de 3 à 3,5 mètres cubes de bois vert avec écorce.Corrélations entre les propriétés des bois et des pâtesDe nombreuses corrélations ont été observées. Il a été noté qu'une faible densité favorisait la résistance à la traction, à l'éclatement et au pliage des papiers. En revanche, une densité élevée favorise la résistance à la déchirure et le volume, et réduit le nombre de mètres cubes de bois nécessaires pour produire une tonne de pâte.Sélection des meilleurs clonesUne sélection a été effectuée sur la base de deux critères :(a) Rendement annuel en pulpe d'un hectare de plantation.(b) Longueur de rupture.En outre, la teneur en acide ellagique des clones sélectionnés a été déterminée, afin de vérifier qu'elle n'était pas trop élevée. Cet article rend compte des travaux effectués et des résultats obtenus. Il résume les efforts conjoints des organismes suivants :§ Le Centre Technique Forestier Tropical de Pointe Noire, chargé des recherches sylvicoles, qui a collecté sur ses propres plantations les échantillons à tester et s'est chargé de leur expédition.§ La Division Chimie et Cellulose du C.T.F.T. de Nogent-sur-Marne, qui a effectué les essais de laboratoire et pris en charge la majeure partie de l'interprétation des résultats et de la rédaction d'un rapport d’étude.§ La Division Biométrie du C.T.F.T., qui a effectué l'analyse statistique.§ La Direction de la Recherche Forestière, qui a apporté son concours pour divers aspects de l'échantillonnage.
Mesure de la digestibilité in vivo de résidus de récolte de quatre variétés améliorées de sorgho à double usage sur les moutons de race Djallonké
Authors: Ouédraogo Souleymane , Sanou Lassina , Gnegne Issaka , Sere Modou , Adam Myriam , Savadogo Patrice , Kaboré Zoungrana Chantal Yvette
Published: January 2025

Contexte : Avec la réduction de s surfaces de parcours naturels et de leur productivité, l’alimentation des animaux doit se tourner vers d’autres ressources, notamment les coproduits de récolte. Objectif : Cette étude avait pour objectif de comparer la digestibilité in vivo de variétés de sorgho améliorées afin d’identifier celles qui pourraient répondent mieux au double usage : production de grains et utilisation des pailles comme fourrage. Méthodes : Des essais ont été conduits sur quatre variétés de sorgho : Fadda, Grinkan, Djiguikala et Zalatimi. L’ingestion et la digestibilité des pailles ont été évaluées sur 12 béliers adultes de race Djallonké, dans des cages de digestibilité avec collecte totale des fèces. Le régime était constitué de paille de sorgho broyée servie ad libitum, avec une complémentation de tourteau de coton. Les rations offertes et refusées ont été analysées et ont permis la détermination de la digestibilité apparente de la matière sèche (dMS), de la matière organique (dMO) et des matières azotées totales (dMAT). Résultats :  Les pailles de sorgho avaient des teneurs en matières azotées totales (MAT) entre 2,9 et 5,7 % de la matière sèche (MS). L’ingestion a été la plus élevée pour la variété Grinkan (366,9 g/j) et la plus faible pour la variété Djiguikala (266,4 g/j). Les plus fortes valeurs de dMS, dMO et dMAT ont été obtenues avec la variété Zalatimi avec 44,4 %, 43,5 % et 42,4 % respectivement. La plus faible dMS a été observée avec la variété Djiguikala (37,3 %) et les plus faibles dMO et dMAT avec la variété Fadda (35,8 % et 24,7 % respectivement). Conclusions : Les variétés avec les meilleures digestibilités, Grinkan et Zalatimi, sont aussi celles qui ont une meilleure ingestibilité, et elles ont des teneurs en MAT convenables. Ces premiers résultats montrent que certaines variétés de sorgho sont a priori plus favorables pour l’alimentation animale, mais ils doivent être complétés par des essais zootechniques sur une plus longue période.
Unraveling the threads of vulnerability and resilience: Young men's journey through unintended fatherhood
Authors: Van de Beek Justine , Petit-Steeghs Violet , Hilverda Femke , Nieboer Anna Petra
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study investigates the interplay between vulnerability and resilience in young men who unexpectedly become fathers.
Background: While previous research has primarily focused on the vulnerable circumstances limiting young fathers' childcare involvement, recent studies indicate resilient adaptation to their new role. This study is the first to analyze both vulnerability and resilience as interconnected concepts in young fathers’ lives.
Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 young, Dutch fathers. Transcripts were thematically analyzed to reveal forms of interrelatedness between vulnerability and resilience in their lives.
Results: Analysis revealed that young fathers grappled with aggravated vulnerability due to the adversity of unintended fatherhood. They coped with these vulnerable circumstances by cultivating a resilient attitude. This attitude, however, also led to limited emotional processing and disengagement with support. Their resilient attitude thus, paradoxically, risked perpetuating existing vulnerabilities.
Conclusion: This study highlights the interplay between resilience and vulnerability in young, unintentional fathers, underscoring the need for interventions assisting with the assemblage of support while recognizing and praising resilient attitudes.
Rejuvenation of National Defense and Security Policies in Facing Global Constellation Threats
Authors: Sakira Indil’an Baiq Aras , Jesica Lestari  , Rahma Laila Azzahra
Published: January 2025

National defense and security policy is an important focus in dealing with threats that are developing amid the current global dynamics. In the Indonesian context, national security involves various aspects, not only physical but also non-physical such as political, economic and cyber. These non-physical threats are increasingly relevant with the rapid development of globalization. It was found that Indonesia has a sufficient legal framework to regulate national defense and security, but there are still differences in interpretation and integration between institutions. Threats to national defense and security are multidimensional, involving various sectors such as the military, police, intelligence and local government. The author uses doctrinal legal research method with primary legal materials in the form of regulations and laws, and secondary data in the form of books and scientific journals. This article analyzes the existing conditions related to defense strategies and policies as well as the state's efforts in facing political, economic, and global disruption threats. Strengthening the national defense and security system requires close cooperation between the government, society and the private sector. By optimizing future defense projections, Indonesia seeks to maintain state sovereignty and mitigate threats that may arise, especially from tensions between the United States and China.Keywords: Threats, Defense and Security, Disruption, National Security Legal Plan
AbstrakKebijakan pertahanan dan keamanan nasional menjadi fokus penting dalam menghadapi ancaman yang berkembang di tengah dinamika global saat ini. Dalam konteks Indonesia, keamanan nasional menyangkut berbagai aspek, tidak hanya aspek fisik namun juga non fisik seperti politik, ekonomi, dan siber. Ancaman non-fisik tersebut semakin relevan dengan pesatnya perkembangan globalisasi. Ditemukan bahwa Indonesia memiliki kerangka hukum yang memadai untuk mengatur pertahanan dan keamanan negara, namun masih terdapat perbedaan interpretasi dan integrasi antar lembaga. Ancaman terhadap pertahanan dan keamanan negara bersifat multidimensi dan melibatkan berbagai sektor seperti TNI, Polri, Intelijen, dan Pemerintah Daerah. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian hukum doktrinal dengan bahan hukum primer berupa peraturan dan perundang-undangan, serta data sekunder berupa buku dan jurnal ilmiah. Artikel ini menganalisis kondisi eksisting terkait strategi dan kebijakan pertahanan serta upaya negara dalam menghadapi ancaman disrupsi politik, ekonomi, dan global. Penguatan sistem pertahanan dan keamanan nasional memerlukan kerja sama yang erat antara pemerintah, masyarakat, dan sektor swasta. Dengan mengoptimalkan proyeksi pertahanan ke depan, Indonesia berupaya menjaga kedaulatan negara dan memitigasi ancaman yang mungkin timbul, terutama dari ketegangan antara Amerika Serikat dan Tiongkok.Kata Kunci: Ancaman, Pertahanan dan Keamanan, Gangguan, Rencana Hukum Keamanan Nasional
The Paradigm Of Islamic Jurisprudence On Minority In A Democratic State Concept
Authors: Ahmad Sadzali
Published: January 2025

Countries with a Muslim majority, like Indonesia, for example, should understand how to treat minority groups, especially those of different religions, so as not to fall into intolerance. The steps can be started from understanding the Islamic paradigm in viewing the concept of minorities. This article reviews Islam's perspective on minorities, and how the majority should treat minorities. The Islamic perspective is different from the Western perspective towards minorities. In Islam, minorities have the same position as the majority. The majority do not have any privileges, so they must treat minorities well and not discriminate. The basic principle of ummah wahidah can be used as a basis for relations between the majority and minorities.Keywords: Minority, Non-Muslim, Majority, Islamic Jurisprudence, Democracy
AbstrakNegara yang mayoritas penduduknya beragama Islam, seperti Indonesia misalnya, hendaknya memahami cara memperlakukan kelompok minoritas, terutama yang berbeda agama, agar tidak terjerumus ke dalam intoleransi. Langkahnya bisa dimulai dari memahami paradigma Islam dalam memandang konsep minoritas. Artikel ini mengulas perspektif Islam terhadap minoritas, dan bagaimana seharusnya kelompok mayoritas memperlakukan minoritas. Perspektif Islam berbeda dengan perspektif Barat terhadap kelompok minoritas. Dalam Islam, minoritas mempunyai kedudukan yang sama dengan mayoritas. Kelompok mayoritas tidak mempunyai keistimewaan sehingga harus memperlakukan kelompok minoritas dengan baik dan tidak melakukan diskriminasi. Prinsip dasar ummah wahidah dapat dijadikan landasan hubungan antara mayoritas dan minoritas.Kata Kunci: Minoritas, Non-Muslim, Mayoritas, Fikih Islam, Demokrasi
The Implications of the Implementation of Lawmaking During the Lame Duck Session for the President's Impartiality in the 2024 Election
Authors: Perdana Muhammad Anugerah
Published: January 2025

PP 53/2023 led to skepticism over the president's impartiality as he dishonestly supported one of the presidential candidate pairs in the election. During a lame duck session, when a president can no longer be elected, he or she does not want to change election rules, but only focuses on leaving a good legacy during his or her term. However, Indonesia experienced an anomaly when President Joko Widodo's eldest son, Gibran Rakabuming Raka (Gibran), was nominated as a vice presidential candidate. Article 18 of PP 53/2023 says that the President, Vice President, leaders and members of the People's Consultative Assembly, leaders and members of DPR, leaders and members of DPD, ministers and ministerial-level officials, governors, vice governors, regents, vice regents, mayors, and vice mayors running for presidency and/or vice presidency do not need to resign their post. For this reason, There are several research questions to address in this study. First, how anomalous is lawmaking during the lame duck period in Indonesia? Second, how did the lame duck session lead to the president's partiality in the 2024 election? by employing the normative legal research method and using the comparative and statute approaches, the author identifies 2 (two) topics in this paper. First, in 2024 there was an anomaly in government during the lame duck session. An official was involved in the election at the end of his term. Second, the implications of the absence of restriction during the lame duck period allowed the president to be partial, giving an advantage to one pair of the presidential and/or vice presidential candidates.Keywords: lame duck, election, president
AbstrakProses terbit dan materi muatan Pasal 18 PP 53/2023 menimbulkan problematik jika dikaitkan dengan penyelenggaraan pemilu yang jujur dan adil sesuai semangat yang diatur dalam Pasal 22E UUD NRI 1945. Munculnya PP 53/2023 jelas menguntungkan pihak-pihak tertentu, karena para pejabat negara tidak perlu mengundurkan diri apabila disaat yang bersamaan mencalonkan diri sebagai presiden dan/atau wakil presiden. Istilah lame duck session nampaknya relevan jika dikaitkan dengan peristiwa ini. Penelitian ini mengkaji dua hal, pertama, bagaimana anomali pembentukan hukum selama periode lame duck di Indonesia? kedua, bagaimana pengaruh periode lame duck pada keberpihakan presiden dalam pemilihan presiden/dan wakil presiden tahun 2024. Dengan menggunakan penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan komparatif dan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian memberikan 2 (dua) kesimpulan. Pertama, di 2024, terdapar anomali pada pemerintahan selama lame duck session ketika pemerintahan ikut terlibat dalam pemilihan umum dalam akhir masa jabatanya. Kedua, implikasi dari ketiadaan pembatasan selama periode lame duck memberikan kesempatan bagi presiden untuk memihak yang memberikan kesempatan pada salah satu pasangan kandidat presiden dan wakil presidenKata Kunci: lame duck, pemilihan umum, presiden
WEST KALIMANTAN FOREST FIRE PROBABILITY MAPPING USING BINARY LOGISTIC REGRESSION
Authors: Imro'ah Nurfitri , Dadan Kusnandar  , Debatraja Naomi Nessyana
Published: January 2025

Forest fires, which occur almost annually, are common in West Kalimantan during the dry season. There is little question that the rate of regional development will slow down as a result of the huge effects this condition has on the social, economic, and environmental domains. Naturally occurring factors are one of the many potential causes of forest fires. The goal of this research was to identify the factors that significantly influence forest fires and to produce a map showing the likelihood of forest fires occurring in various West Kalimantan cities and districts. The analytical technique that enabled us to achieve our goal was logistic regression. The existence or absence of forest fires is one of the dependent variables being used. The temperature, geography, vegetation, and human influences are the independent variables during this time. The bulk of forest fires that occurred in West Kalimantan were caused by human activity as opposed to natural causes, per the study's findings. There are several reasons why humans set off forest fires, whether on purpose or accidentally, but one of them is the distance that people can go to conduct activities inside the forest. Beyond the variables listed above, there are two other criteria that can start a forest fire: the distance from the point to the road and the distance from the point to the air. Using logistic regression, it was discovered that the variable distance between the site and the river contributed thirty percent to the likelihood of forest fires.
Resection of Heterotopic Ossifications and Total Hip Arthroplasty Using a Single Ludloff Medial Approach
Authors: Simon Dominic , Lerchenberger Maximilian , Arnholdt Jörg , Holzapfel Boris M. , Beckers Gautier
Published: January 2025

Case:

Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a relatively rare but severe clinical finding around the hip joint, characterized by the formation of extraskeletal bone in soft tissue. We present the case of a 66-year-old man with a severe, painful gait disorder caused by extensive neurogenic bilateral HO. In this case, due to the medial HO localization, we performed a staged bilateral, combined HO resection and total hip arthroplasty using the single medial Ludloff approach.

Conclusion:

Our case highlights that, for combined hip osteoarthritis and medial HO, a Ludloff approach can be an effective option for achieving favorable surgical outcomes.