bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Demographic Characteristics and Locus of Control Associated with Employee Burnout
Authors: Kusumadewi Fani Amalia , Paskarini Indriati , Khairunnisa Aina Mumtaazah
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Burnout in employees is caused by individual factors, including demographic characteristics and locus of control. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between demographic characteristics and locus of control with burnout among employees at the head office of a pharmaceutical company in North Jakarta. Methods: This research was a correlational study with a cross-sectional design. The population in this research were permanent employees of the pharmaceutical company's head office in North Jakarta, amounting to 88 employees. The research sample was 47 employees, using the probability sampling method with the proportional stratified random sampling technique. The independent variables in this research were gender, age, education level, marital status, and locus of control. At the same time, the dependent variable in this research was burnout. Data collection used the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and Work Locus of Control (WLOC). The data in this study were analyzed by the Spearman Correlation test and the Cramer Correlation test. Results: Most of the employees were female, 26-35 years old, married, and have a college education level. Burnout was moderate in most of these employees. Demographic characteristics which had a relationship with burnout were age (p=0.012) and education level (p=0.014). Meanwhile, gender (p=0.373) and marital status (p=0.297) had no relationship with burnout. Locus of control and burnout also had a relationship (p=0.015). Conclusion: Gender and marital status had no relationship with employees burnout. However, age and education level had a relationship with employees burnout. There was also a relationship between locus of control and burnout.
Risk Management in The Packaging Unit at Animal Feed Industry Sidoarjo, Indonesia
Authors: Arna Hasnur Zalsabila , Siwi Cempaka Puspita , Wahyudiono Y. Denny A.
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Animal feed industry Sidoarjo is one of the companies in the animal feed manufacturing industry. The packaging unit is the last unit in the production process that packs the feed ingredients and arranges the finished goods. A location with the most safety hazards based on the work accident reports for 2010-2017 is in the packaging unit as many as 15.78%. The purpose of this research is to analyze the risk management of work safety in the packaging unit of animal feed industry Sidoarjo. Methods: Based on the data collection method, this research was included in observational research with a cross-sectional design. The subjects in this research were workers (37 people) in the animal feed packaging and the Health Safety Environment (HSE) units. The research was conducted at the packaging unit of Animaal Feed Industry, Sidoarjo, Indonesia in November 2019-June 2020. Results: Based on hazard identification, there were 15 hazards with a risk analysis of 53% moderate risk and 47% high risk. The risk evaluation obtained was including 53% tolerable risk and 47% intolerable risk. After controlling efforts, there was a decrease in the risk category. Conclusion: The residual risk obtained after controlling carried out experienced a reduction of moderate risk by 100% and high risk by 71%. The remaining risk was 33% moderate risk and 13% high risk.
A Survey on Identification and Authentication issues In IOT Devices
Authors:   PG and Research Department of Computer Science, SengamalaThayaar Educational Trust Women s College (Autonomous), Sundarakkottai, Mannargudi – 614001., K SAVIMA , S PRADEEBA ,   PG and Research Department of Computer Science, SengamalaThayaar Educational Trust Women s College (Autonomous), Sundarakkottai, Mannargudi – 614001, J JENIFER MARY ,   PG and Research Department of Computer Science, SengamalaThayaar Educational Trust Women s College (Autonomous), Sundarakkottai, Mannargudi – 614001, M RAGAVI ,   PG and Research Department of Computer Science, SengamalaThayaar Educational Trust Women s College (Autonomous), Sundarakkottai, Mannargudi – 614001
Published: July 2023

The Internet of Things (IoT) has become pervasive in our daily lives. They are deployed in our houses, clinics, and external to monitor and report environmental deviations, avoid fires, and perform several other useful functions. These profits can come with significant risks of loss of privacy and security concerns. A lot of research has been done to find the best way to address these issues and mitigate these hazards, or minimalize the impact on user privacy and security necessities, to secure IoT devices. The study comprises 4 parts. The initial part looks at the most pertinent restrictions of IoT devices and their resolutions. The other presents a type of IoT attack. The next part focuses on validation and verification control mechanisms and architectures. The final part analyses security issues at various levels.
Foundational Effects of Organizational Climate on Perceived Safety Climate: A Multiple Mediation Model
Authors: Shen Yuzhong , Li Yadi , Ju Chuanjing , Ashraf Hassan , Hu Zhen , He Changquan , Memon Shoeb Ahmed
Published: July 2023

Organizational climate is the ascribed psychological meanings and significance associated with the procedures, policies and practices that are recognized and rewarded in the workplace, and hence mediates the effects of environmental stimuli on individuals’ response. Safety climate is a specific organizational climate, i.e., organizational climate for safety. Previous research claimed that organizational climate provides foundation for safety climate, but without elaboration on the foundational mechanisms. This paper attempts to fill up this knowledge gap. As organizational climate is a multi-dimensional phenomenon, this paper chooses two dimensions, i.e., perceived organizational support (POS) and participative decision-making (PaDM), for illustrative purposes. Drawing on an interactive approach to forming climate perceptions, this paper introduces two interactive constructs, i.e., leader-member exchange (LMX) and team member exchange (TMX), and establishes a multiple mediation model depicting the foundational effect of organizational climate on safety climate. A random sample of Hong Kong based construction personnel is used to validate the model. The results show that both POS and PaDM are positively associated with perceived safety climate, both LMX and TMX fully mediate the effect of PaDM on safety climate, and only LMX partially mediates the effect of POS on safety climate. This study sheds light on the foundational effects of organizational climate on safety climate. POS can improve the quality of reciprocal exchange about safety matters between construction personnel and their supervisors, and hence raise construction personnel’s awareness of the priority of safety. PaDM can improve the quality of reciprocal exchange about safety matters vertically and horizontally, and hence have construction personnel aware the importance of safety. In practice, this paper suggests that project managers timely recognize and reward construction personnel’s contribution, genuinely cares about their well-being, and take their suggestions seriously in making decisions. In this way, the quality of both vertical and horizontal exchange about safety matters improves, and a sound and positive safety climate ensues.
Fast-Setting Concrete for Repairing Cement Concrete Pavement
Authors: Rudnicki Tomasz , Stałowski Przemysław
Published: July 2023

On the analyzed section of 2.4 km of the national road No. 50 of the Młodzieszyn bypass, it was carried out by a consortium of OAT and SAT companies in the period April-September 2019, under constant traffic in the field of repairing the concrete pavement by replacing slabs, levelling them and sealing expansion joints, roughening and roadside reinforcements.
Unlocking Nature's Treasures: Algae-Derived Natural Products in Diabetes and Its Complications - Current Advances and Future Prospects
Authors: Pereira Leonel , Valado Ana
Published: July 2023

Diabetes and its complications are a global health burden, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches. Natural products and derivatives are gaining attention as potential agents for managing diabetes due to their diverse constituents and pharmacological activities. Algae, in particular, offer promising bioactive compounds with antidiabetic properties. This review provides an overview of natural products derived from algae in diabetes management, including advancements and future prospects. It highlights the significance of natural products in diabetes, explores algae's diversity, bioactive compounds, and mechanisms of action. The challenges, limitations, and strategies for optimizing algae-based interventions are discussed, alongside future research directions. Algae's multifaceted pharmacological activities and chemical constituents make them attractive for developing novel antidiabetic therapeutics. Further research and optimization of algae-based interventions have the potential to address the global burden of diabetes and improve patient outcomes.
Fermented Foods as a Potential Vehicle of Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria and Genes
Authors: Vinayamohan Poonam Gopika , Viju Leya Susan , Joseph Divya , Venkitanarayanan Kumar
Published: July 2023

Fermented food products are widely consumed for their nutritional and health-promoting properties earning them a central place in diets around the globe. However, these foods can present a paradox, as they have the potential to harbor not only beneficial probiotics but also antibiotic-resistant (AR) microbes and genes. The impact of AR in fermented foods has far-reached implications, such as its potential effects on human health, repercussions in the food industry, and environmental consequences. An in-depth analysis of AR in fermented foods, including dairy products, fermented fruits and vegetables, meat products, and beverages, would provide insights into the extent and ramifications of the issue with these foods. Therefore, this review systematically presents the status of AR in fermented foods, with a particular focus on AR bacteria and genes within this category of food products. The review also highlights the complexities of AR in fermented foods, emphasizing the role of bacterial adaptation during the fermentation process and the dynamics of bacterial gene transfer. Various contributing factors to AR are brought into focus, including intrinsic resistance among bacteria in fermented foods and the potential risk of contamination with pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, this review presents a range of mitigation strategies, from the development of novel antimicrobials to advances in fermentation technology and regulatory control. This comprehensive perspective on the intricate interplay between AR and fermented food will potentially pave the way for more targeted research and mitigation strategies in this critical area.
Epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotypes in Jordan Amongst Children Younger than the Age of 5: a National Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Abu-Helalah Munir A. , Al-Mnayyis Asma'a Mohammad , Alzoubi Hamed , Yousef Ruba , Jdaitawi Hussein , Nafi Omar , Abu-Sal Kamel , Altawalbeh Alaa , Khlaifat Alia , Al-Zayadneh Enas , Almaaitah Ihsan , Borghol Ibrahim , Batarseh Fadi , Okkeh Omar , Dalal Abdallah , Alhendi Ahmad , Almaaitah Mohammad , Al-Lahham Adnan , Gazo Mahmoud , Abu Ekteish Faisal , Elnasser Ziad
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Streptococcus pneumoniae infections are a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. In Jordan, pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are not included in the national vaccination program. Due to the current availability of several PCVs including PCV-10, PCV-13 and PCV-15, along with PCV-20, currently undergoing pediatric approvals globally, the decision to introduce PCVs and their selection should be based on valid local data on the common serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the frequency of serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in children aged below 5 years hospitalized with invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) including pneumonia, septicemia and meningitis during the study’s duration in representative areas of Jordan. Serotyping for culture-positive cases was based on the capsular reaction test, known as the Quellung reaction. qPCR was conducted on blood samples of patients with lobar pneumonia identified via X-ray or on cerebrospinal fluid for those with a positive latex agglutination test for Streptococcus pneumoniae. Results. This study was based on the analysis of the serotypes of 1015 Streptococcus pneumoniae cases among children younger than the age of 5; 1006 cases with pneumonia, 6 cases with meningitis, and 3 cases with septicemia. Only 23 culture-positive cases were identified, in comparison to 992 lobar pneumonia cases which were PCR-positive but culture-negative, with a PCR positivity rate of 92%. Serotypes 6B, 6A, 14 and 19F were the most common serotypes identified in the study, with prevalence rates of 16.45%, 13.60%, 12.12% and 8.18%, respectively. PCV-10, PCV-13, PCV-15 and PCV-20 coverage rates were 45.32%, 61.87%, 64.14% and 68.47%, respectively. Discussion: To the best of our knowledge, this is largest prospective study from the Middle East and one of the largest studies worldwide showing the serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae. It reveals the urgency for the introduction of PCV vaccination in Jordan, utilizing recently developed vaccines with broader serotype coverage.
Social Perception, Hesitancy, and Satisfaction towards COVID19 Vaccination in Primary Health Centers: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study from South India
Authors: Umakanthan Srikanth , Patil Sonal , Bukelo Maryann M , Subramaniam Naveen , Gupta Madan Mohan , Sharma Ria
Published: July 2023

Background:
Consumers' perception and satisfaction with the vaccination services is a critical and commonly used indicator to evaluate the quality of services provided by the concerned authorities. The present survey assessed social perception, satisfaction, hesitancy, and associated factors of COVID-19 vaccination provided at the primary health centers (PHC) of South India.
Methods:
We collected a validated data using data collection tool. The associated factors for the low and high satisfaction with the vaccination services were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. We performed Spearman's correlation test to identify the correlation between perception and satisfaction scores.
Results:
Of the 675 participants, 87.4% were satisfied with the vaccination services provided at the PHCs. The participants' satisfaction was significantly associated with the age group [Adjusted OR (AOR) = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.39 – 2.89, P = 0.037] and occupation status [AOR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.17 – 1.74, P = 0.024]. We found a significant positive correlation (Spearman's rho = 0.207, p < 0.001) between perception and satisfaction scores. Furthermore, 20.7% of participants were hesitant (too much and somewhat) to give recommended COVID-19 vaccines.
Conclusion:
We recommend targeted health education programs for social population to improve their perceptions and the importance of all recommended COVID-19 vaccines. Next, we suggest continuing social satisfaction assessment to enhance and maintain the quality of vaccination services.
Prevention of Musculoskeletal Injuries in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy – Structured Review and Perspectives
Authors: Durič Tadej
Published: July 2023

GI endoscopy forms an important part in a daily practice of a gastroenterologist. Musculoskeletal injuries related to GI endoscopy are on the rise. Observational studies and surveys depict the importance of proper ergonomical environment when performing GI endoscopy. Our aim is to outline preventive measures in gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy in reducing possibility for occupational injury. We review most relevant studies that outline the gravity of the problem. A detailed analysis of proposed ergonomical recommendations is performed, outlining crucial steps in injury prevention. Proper ergonomical education is a key-step in preventing occupational injury. Robotics and other mechanical solutions offer a variety of approaches tackling the ergonomical challenge. Implementing proper ergonomical education and mechanical solutions lowers the possibility if occupational injury. Strategies and appliances presented are beneficial to all GI endoscopy practitioners.
Social Life-Cycle Assessment in the Construction Industry: A Review of Case Studies
Authors: Ayassamy Prisca , Pellerin Robert
Published: July 2023

Purpose – The paper aims to view how researchers have operationalized social impact assessment for construction projects over the last ten years.
Design/methodology/approach – A systematic review was used to investigate case studies in the Social Life-Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) to analyze the application of the methodology. A qualitative study of 19 articles published between 2012 and 2022 was used to collect content on multiple categories impeding S-LCA through case studies in the construction industry.
Findings – Our results showed the existence of limitations on the qualitative and quantitative aspects in measuring the social indicators. They were associated with the scoring method and the lack of data in some articles.
Social implications – From this review, we understood that S-LCA has flaws in terms of the quality of the measurement, scoring method, and the lack of social data. Lack of social data means social impacts are being neglected and not assessed properly since there are several challenges pointed out throughout literature
Originality/value – The originality of this research is that it focuses on case studies in the construction industry. It studies the operationalization of the S-LCA in this specific industry showing the different characteristics and challenges in the last 10 years.
Conjugative Plasmid pPPUT-Tik1-1 from a Permafrost Pseuomonas putida Strain and Its Present-Day Counterparts Inhabiting Environments and Clinic
Authors: Maslova Olga Andreevna , Beletsky Alexey Vladislavovich , Mindlin Sofia Zakharovna , Petrova Nika Fyodorovna , Mardanov Andrey Vladimirovich , Petrova Mayya Alexandrovna
Published: July 2023

A novel group of conjugative plasmids of Pseudomonas is characterized. The prototype plasmid pPPUT-Tik1-1 (153663 bp), isolated from a permafrost strain of P. putida Tik1, carries a defective mercury transposon Tn501 and a streptomycin resistance transposon Tn5393. Ten plasmids and 34 contigs with backbone regions closely related to pPPUT-Tik1-1 have been found in Gene Bank. Two of these plasmids isolated from clinical strains of P. putida and P. fulva are almost identical to the ancient plasmid. A characteristic feature of this group of plasmids is the presence of two genes encoding the initiators of replication (repA1 and repA2). None of these genes has high similarity with plasmid replication genes belonging to known incompatibility groups. It has been demonstrated that while pPPUT-Tik1-1-like plasmids have homologous backbone regions they significantly differ by the molecular structure and the functional burden of their accessory regions. Some of the pPPUT-Tik1-1-related plasmids carry determinants of antibiotic resistance and/or heavy metal salts. Some plasmids are characterized by the ability to degrade xenobiotics. Plasmids related to pPPUT-Tik1-1 are characterized by a narrow host range and are found in various species of Pseudomonas genus. A group of shortened plasmids containing the same replication module, but without conjugation genes, were also found. These plasmids also contain other structural changes that strongly distinguish them from plasmids related to pPPUT-Tik1-1. The data obtained indicate the need for a complex approach to the classification of plasmids.
An Update of Peptides With Therapeutic Potential Against Acinetobacter baumannii Infections
Authors: Rangel Karyne , Morel Carlos M , Provance-Jr David W , De-Simone Salvatore G
Published: July 2023

The rise of antibiotic-resistant strains of clinically important pathogens is a major threat to global health security. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized the urgent need to develop alternative treatments to address the growing list of priority pathogens. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) rank among the various suggested options with proven activity and a high potential to be developed into effective agents. Many AMPs are naturally produced by living organisms and protect the host against pathogens as a part of their innate immunity. Various mechanisms associated with their antimicrobial actions include cell membrane disruption, cell wall weakening, protein synthesis inhibition, and interference in nucleic acid dynamics that can induce apoptosis and necrosis. Acinetobacter baumannii is considered a critical pathogen, and severe clinical problems have appeared with isolates resistant to current antibiotic treatments and conventional control procedures such as UV light, disinfectants, and drying. Here, we review the natural AMPs representing the primary candidates for new anti-A. baumannii drugs in a post-antibiotic era and present the use of computational tools to develop the next generation of AMPs with greater microbicidal activity and reduced toxicity.
Cumulative Exposure to Multiple Early Life Stressors Act as Risk Factors for Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities in the F1 Wistar Rats
Authors: Mujtaba Syed , Patro Ishan , Patro Nisha
Published: July 2023

Cumulative exposure to multiple early life stressors are expected to affect behavioral development causing increased susceptibility towards neuropsychiatric disorders. The present study was designed to mimic such conditions in rat model to study behavioral impairments during adolescence and adulthood. Female Wistar rats (n=32; 140-150 gm) were switched to low protein (LP; 8% protein) or Control (20% protein) diet, 15 days prior to conception and then diet regime was maintained throughout the experimental period. Pups born to Control and LP dams were intraperitoneally injected with deltamethrin (DLT-pyrethroid insecticide; 0.7mg/kg body weight; PND 1 to 7) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS-bacterial endotoxin; 0.3mg/kg body weight; PND 3 and 5) or DLT+LPS, on designated days forming 8 experimental groups (Control, LP, Control+LPS, LP+LPS, Control+DLT, LP+DLT, Control+DLT+LPS and LP+DLT+LPS). Neurobehavioral assessments were performed in F1 rats (1, 3, 6 months) by Open field, Elevated plus maze, Light and Dark box, and Rotarod tests. LP rats were found to be more susceptible to either singular or cumulative exposure as compared to their age matched control counterparts, showing significantly severe behavioural abnormalities, as hyperactivity, attention deficits, impulsiveness and low anxiety, the hallmark symptoms of neuropsychiatric disorders like schizophrenia and ADHD, suggesting thereby that early life multi-hit exposure may predispose individuals to developmental disorders.
Acellular Dermal Matrix combined with Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in a Chemical Burn: Case Report
Authors: Gómez-Ortega Viviana , Camacho-Obando David , Carmargo-López Ana-María , Cardona-Montes Cesar
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Chemical burns are one of the most dangerous and aggressive types of burns as they can cause significant tissue damage, leading to pain, inflammation, necrosis, and scarring. We present a burn case report associated with the use of Acellular Dermal Matrix (MatriDerm® MedSkin Solution Dr. Suwelack AG, Billerbeck, Germany) for the reconstruction of a Hallux after the patient was mistakenly administered intramuscular Nitric Acid at another institution. The patient presented with a third degree burn that compromised the medial aspect of the hallux’s skin, the distal phalanx and nail bed. Early debridement was performed, and Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT VAC, 3M, US) was used to preserve and promote tissue viability. Eight days later, the patient was taken to the OR, and Acellular Dermal Matrix and split-thickness skin graft were used to reconstruct her right hallux’s defect. The patient achieved adequate clinical evolution and was discharged with complete reconstruction of the burned area. Acellular Dermal Matrix proved to be an important and viable option for reconstructive surgery after a chemical burn, and further studies are warranted to ensure its routine usage in this kind of lesions.
Keywords: chemical burn, acellular matrix, hallux reconstruction, NPWT
Effect of the Household Type on the Prevalence of Climacteric Syndrome Among Middle-aged Men
Authors: Kim Doh Hee , Lee Seunghee , Jang Mijung , Kim KyooSang
Published: July 2023

Research on climacteric syndrome among middle-aged men remains scant than the research among women. Research is also scant on climacteric syndrome among older adults living alone, particularly men, who are more vulnerable than such females. This cross-sectional study investigated whether the prevalence of climacteric syndrome is associated with the type of household middle-aged men live in and identified the determinants of climacteric syndrome based on the household type. Six hundred middle-aged men living in multi-person households and 600 living alone were surveyed about general characteristics, diet-related factors, and climacteric syndrome. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s chi-squared test, Fisher’s exact test, and logistic regression. The risk of climacteric syndrome in single-person households was found to be 1.6 times higher than that among in multi-person households (p = 0.006). In multi-person households, income and breakfast frequency predicted climacteric syndrome (p < 0.05), while age, breakfast frequency, dinner frequency, and weekly eating out frequency predicted climacteric syndrome in single-person households (p < 0.05). Thus, dietary factors are more closely linked to the prevalence of climacteric syndrome in single-person households than in multi-person households. This highlights the need for climacteric syndrome interventions for middle-aged men whose health concerns may persist into older adulthood.
Resizer Swin Transformer based Classification using sMRI for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Huang Yihang , Li Wan
Published: July 2023

Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) is widely used in the clinical diagnosis of diseases due to its advantages: high definition and noninvasive. Therefore, computer-aided diagnosis based on sMRI images is broadly applied in classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Due to the excellent performance of Transformer in computer vision, Vision Transformer (ViT) has been employed for AD classification in recent years. ViT relies on access to large datasets, while the sample size of brain imaging datasets is relatively insufficient. Moreover, the pre-processing procedures of brain sMRI images are complex and labor-intensive. To overcome the limitations mentioned above, we propose Resizer Swin Transformer (RST), a deep learning model that can extract information from brain sMRI images that are only briefly processed to achieve multi-scale and cross-channel features. In addition, we pre-trained our RST on a natural image dataset and obtained better performance. The experimental results of ADNI and AIBL datasets prove that RST can achieve better classification performance in AD prediction compared with CNN-based and Transformer models.
Pressing and Sintering of Titanium Aluminide Powder after Ball Milling in Silane-Doped Atmosphere
Authors: Behrens Bernd-Arno , Brunotte Kai , Peddinghaus Julius , Ursinus Jonathan , Döring Sebastian , Maus-Friedrichs Wolfgang , Gustus René , Szafarska Maik
Published: July 2023

Due to the high specific surface area of titanium aluminide powders, significant and unavoidable surface oxidation takes place during processing. The resulting oxides disrupt the conventional powder metallurgical process route (pressing and sintering) by reducing green strength and sintered properties. Oxide-free particle surfaces offer the potential to significantly increase particle bond strength and enable the processing of difficult-to-press material powders. In this work, the effect of milling titanium aluminide powder in a silane-doped atmosphere on the component properties after pressing and subsequent sintering was investigated. Ball milling was used to break up the oxide layers and create bare metal surfaces on the particles. With the help of silane-doped inert gas, the oxygen partial pressure was greatly reduced during machining. It was investigated whether oxide-free surfaces could be produced and maintained by milling in silane-doped at-mospheres. Furthermore, the resulting material properties after pressing and sintering were an-alyzed using density measurements, hardness tests, EDX-measurements and micrographs. It was concluded, that ball milling in a silane-doped atmosphere produces and maintains oxide-free particle surfaces. These oxide-free surfaces and smaller particle sizes improve the component properties after pressing and sintering.
The Trend of Solar Energy Utilization and Its Offshore Assessment in Nigeria
Authors: Idris Wasiu Olalekan , Ibrahim Mohd Zamri , Alibani Aliashim
Published: July 2023

The recent happenings in the world such as flood and wild forest fire were as a result of climate effect as being envisaged by scientists. It is urgent now to adopt a source of energy that will eliminate this effect on our universe. Solar energy is the major energy means that is abundant which could be utilized. In this review, the prospects of solar energy exploration were studied in Nigeria which include assessments, economic viability and hybrid systems. Findings show higher potential in the North as compared to the Southern region. Additionally, potential of offshore solar energy system was simulated by considering 2002, 2003 and 2004 data sets from Era5-land base. Their monthly mean, seasonal changes and annual mean value were estimated. The algebraic annual solar radiance for 2002, 2003 and 2004 were 34,914.732 kWh/m2, 33,898.316 kWh/m2 and 34,338.324 kWh/m2. Suggestions were made due to the present status of solar energy utilization that will enhance its maximum usage and development. One of these is the establishment of a functioning financial scheme and the database for all renewable energy systems. When all these are put in place, the energy supply will increase, climate effect will be reduced, and the economy will be boosted.
An Analytical Model of Dynamic Power Losses in eGaN HEMT Power Devices
Authors: Lei Jianming , Liu Yangyi , Zhang Wenbo , Yang Zhanmin , Chen Yalin , Wang Rui , Chen Dunjun , Xu Liang , Yu Jing
Published: July 2023

In this work, we present an analytical model of dynamic power losses for enhancement-mode AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistor power devices (eGaN HEMTs).

To build this new model, the dynamic on-resistance (Rdson) is first accurately extracted by our ex-traction circuit based on a double-diode isolation (DDI) method for a high operating frequency up to 1 MHz and a large drain voltage up to 600 V, thus the unique problem of an increase in the dynamic Rdson is presented. Then the impact of the current operation mode on the on/off transi-tion time is evaluated by a dual-pulse-current-mode test (DPCT) which including a discontinu-ous conduction mode (DCM) and a continuous conduction mode (CCM), thus the transition time is revised for different current mode. Afterward the discrepancy between the drain current and the real channel current is qualitative investigated by an external shunt capacitance (ESC) meth-od, thus the losses due to device parasitic capacitance are also taken into account. After these improvements, the dynamic model will be more compatible for eGaN HEMTs.

Finally, the dynamic power losses calculated by this model are verified to be in good agreement with experimental results. Based on this model, we propose a superior solution with qua-si-resonant mode (QRM) to achieve lossless switching and accelerate switching speed.
Finite Element Study on Stability in the Femoral Neck and Head Connection to Varying Geometric Parameters with the Relates Implications on the Effect of Wear
Authors: Ceddia Mario , Solarino Giuseppe , Cassano Danilo , Trentadue Bartolomeo
Published: July 2023

Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) is a common surgical procedure used to treat hip osteoar-thritis and other joint conditions that cause pain and functional limitation. Traditionally, THA has been most performed in elderly patients, but in recent years there has been an in-crease in hip arthroplasties in young patients. Femoral prosthesis rupture is a rare but sig-nificant complication that can also occur in young patients undergoing total hip arthro-plasty (THA). Some of the factors that can contribute to femoral prosthesis ruptures include abnormal overload, defects in the design lack of geometric fit, type of materials used in the stem and femoral head connection. The aim of this study is to analyze the criticalities in the contact between the femoral head and the stem neck. In particular, the two types of con-tacts will be taken into consideration: proximal and distal and through the finite element method (FEA) the criticalities will be defined. The results show that in the proximal contact the voltages are higher than 500 Mpa. This is due to the fact that there are higher circum-ferential voltages. In addition, to prevent bacterial infiltration or debris from the outside, the distal connection is the recommended one.
Inhibition of Phagocytosis by Silibinin in Mouse Macrophages
Authors: Sun Kyung-Hoon , Lee Min-Young , Jeon Young-Jin
Published: July 2023

This study investigated the effects of silibinin, derived from milk thistle (Silybum marianum), on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced morphological changes in mouse macrophages. Silibinin was treated at various doses and time points to assess its effects on macrophage activation including morphological changes and phagocytosis. Silibinin effectively inhibited LPS-induced pseudopodia formation and size increase, while unstimulated cells remained round. Silibinin's impact on phagocytosis was dose- and time-dependent, showing a decrease. We explored its mechanism of action on kinases using a MAPK array. Among the three MAPK family members tested, silibinin had a limited effect on JNK and p38 but significantly inhibited ERK1/2 and related RSK1/2. Silibinin also inhibited MKK6, AKT3, MSK2, p70S6K, and GSK-3β. These findings highlight silibinin's potent inhibitory effects on phagocytosis and morphological changes in macrophages. We suggest its potential as an anti-inflammatory agent due to its ability to target key inflammatory pathways involving ERK1/2 and related kinases. Overall, this study demonstrates the promising therapeutic properties of silibinin in modulating macrophage function and inflammation.
Adipose Tissue Denervation Blunted the Decrease in Bone Formation Promoted by Obesity in Rats
Authors: Ormanji Milene Subtil , Melo Maria Victória Lazarini , Meca Renata , Garcia Michelle Louvaes , Anauate Ana Carolina , Muñoz Juan José Augusto Moyano , Oyama Lila Missae , Nishi Erika Emy , Bergamaschi Cassia Toledo , Carvalho Aluizio Barbosa , Heilberg Ita Pfeferman
Published: July 2023

The impact of obesity upon bone metabolism is controversial since both negative and positive effects have been reported. Bone remodeling is modulated by the central nervous system through cytokines, hormones and neuromodulators. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects evoked by bilateral retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (rWAT) denervation (Dnx) upon bone mineral metabolism and remodeling in an experimental model of obesity in rats. Male Wistar rats were fed during 18 weeks with high-fat diet (HFD) or standard diet (SD) as controls, and rWAT Dnx or Sham surgery was performed at the 14th week. Biochemical and hormonal parameters, bone histo-morphometry, rWAT and hypothalamus protein and gene expression were analyzed. HFD group presented decreased bone formation parameters, increased serum and bone leptin and FGF23, increased serum and hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) and decreased serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and PTH. After rWAT Dnx, bone markers and histomorphometry showed restoration of bone formation, serum and hypothalamic NPY decreased, without altera-tion in leptin levels. The present study showed that the denervation of rWAT improved bone formation in obese rats mediated by a preferential reduction in neurohormonal actions of NPY, emphasizing the relevance of the adipose tissue-brain-bone axis in the control of bone metabolism in obesity.
Rare Complication Post-Conization for Cervical Dysplasia: Rectovaginal Fistula
Authors: Meloni Paolo , Izzo Sara , De Intinis Claudia , Simari Terenzia , Motzo Mariangela , Picazzo Riccardo , Brizio Rodolfo , Vignale Cristina , Molle Marcello , Izzo Luciano , Izzo Paolo
Published: July 2023

(1) Background: High-grade cervical dysplasia is primarily caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Conservative surgery is the preferred treatment approach for this condition. The most commonly employed technique is the loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP), which involves removing the affected portion of the cervix. Excisional treatments are often curative, and complications are typically rare and minor; (2) Methods: The loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is the standard method used for conservative surgery in high-grade cervical dysplasia. It entails the excision of the specific area of the cervix where the abnormal cells are present. The procedure employs a wire loop carrying an electrical current to remove the affected tissue; (3) Results: Excisional treatments, such as LEEP, have shown to be effective in treating high-grade cervical dysplasia. They have a high success rate in eliminating abnormal cells and reducing the risk of cervical cancer. Complications associated with LEEP are infrequent and usually minor. Short-term complications may include bleeding, which can be managed easily. Long-term complications may involve cervical canal stenosis, which can impact fertility; (4) Conclusions: Conservative surgery, particularly the loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP), is the preferred and effective treatment for high-grade cervical dysplasia caused by HPV infection. It offers a high cure rate with rare and minor complications. While short-term bleeding is a common occurrence, it is manageable. Long-term complications such as cervical canal stenosis may impact fertility. However, an extremely rare and possibly unique complication described in this case is the development of a vaginorectal fistula. This complication is likely due to indirect thermal injury resulting from compromised tissue. Further research is needed to better understand and prevent such complications.
The Proteome Profile of Olfactory Ecto-Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived from Patients with Familial Alzheimer’s Disease Reveals New Insights for AD Study
Authors: Meraz-Ríos Marco Antonio , Rochín-Hernández Lory Jhenifer , Ramírez-Reyes Lorena , Figueroa-Corona María del Pilar , Sánchez-González Víctor Javier , Orozco-Barajas Maribel , Jiménez-Acosta Miguel Alejandro
Published: July 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disease and the first cause of dementia worldwide, has no effective treatment yet, and AD's pathological mechanisms are not yet fully understood. We conducted this study to explore the proteomic differences associated with Familial Alzheimer's Disease (FAD) in olfactory ecto-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from PSEN1 (A431E) mutation carriers compared with healthy donors paired by age and gender through two label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry approaches. The first analysis compared carrier 1 (patient with symptoms, P1) and its control (healthy donor, C1), and the second the Carrier 2 (patient with pre-symptoms, P2) with its respective control cells (C2) to evaluate whether the protein alterations presented in the symptomatic carrier were also present in pre-symptoms stages. Finally, we analyzed the differential expressed proteins (DEPs) for biological and functional enrichment. These proteins showed an impaired expression in a stage-dependent manner and are involved in energy metabolism, vesicle transport, actin cytoskeleton, cell proliferation, and proteostasis pathways resembling previous AD reports. Our study is the first proteomic analysis in MSCs from FAD patients in two stages of the disease (symptomatic and presymptomatic), showing these cells as a new and excellent in vitro model for future AD studies.
Global Geodynamic Control on Phanerozoic Marine Carbonates Sedimentary Systems
Authors: Tassy Aurélie , Borgomano Jean , Léonide Philippe , Hairabian Alex , Lanteaume Cyprien , Michel Julien
Published: July 2023

This pilot study is founded on an exhaustive investigation of representative and well-documented cases (120) of carbonate systems during the Phanerozoic. We investigated the coupling between geodynamic settings and geometry, physiography, and stratigraphic architecture of carbonate platforms. The objective is to identify and quantify the impact of geodynamic controls on carbonate platforms and possible global trends during the Phanerozoic. Carbonate platforms are characterized in terms of geometry, stratigraphic architecture, time duration, preservation rate, progradation and rates of progradation, platform type, and thickness. Geodynamic parameters are characterized in terms of basin physiography, basement depth and type, tectonic setting, and subsidence origin. Relationships between carbonate parameters and geodynamic characteristics are investigated, leading to nine models of Geodynamic Carbonate Platforms. Passive margin is the most favorable geodynamic setting for the development of carbonate platforms in three dimensions. The continental crust hosts most of the carbonate platforms independently of time and geodynamic settings. Carbonate platforms developed above the exhumed mantle or oceanic crust (volcano) are the exception or very small and isolated. Global trends during the Phanerozoic of carbonate platform lateral extend, progradation, or thickness are tentatively interpreted in relation to geodynamic and eustatic parameters. The concept of spatial intersection between geodynamic and climatic windows favorable to carbonate platforms is introduced with its possible retroaction to the global carbon cycle.
A paradigm change: Focused Electron Beam Nanostructuring of Glass
Authors: Hofmann Martin , Weigel Christoph , Strehle Steffen , Holz Mathias
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate a paradigm change in nanofabrication by using a focused electron beam in an operating mode as used in conventional scanning electron microscopy, previously known as non-destructive technique, for direct and large-scale glass and glass ceramics patterning. Nanostructured glasses and glass ceramics are of fundamental importance for many applications ranging from optics to nano- and microscale devices over precision engineering and metrology. Direct focused electron beam patterning can hereby replace the elaborate combination of surface masking combined with dry-chemical reactive ion etching and enable new and efficient fabrication strategies for the creation of structures being several hundred nanometers deep. We discuss a first model based on ion migration and successfully realized the structuring process using electron energies of 5 to 15 keV in combination with different kinds of glasses, such as fused silica and ultra-low expansion glass. We furthermore demonstrate that this technique can be realized in literally any conventional scanning electron microscope, which thus enables a comparatively simple implementation in support of a broad field of applications. By controlling the surface beam trajectory, freeform surface structures and structure arrays can be directly engraved into the glass surface, which includes furthermore fragile and suspended structures and the embedding of metal structures. The technique is also compatible with 3D surface structures as long as they can be accessed by the electron beam.
Theory of the driving model of land use change on the evolution of carbon stock: A case study of Chongqing, China
Authors: Zheng Luoshan , Li Yangbing , Chen Yan , Wang Rong , Yan Shijie , Xia Chunhua , Zhang Bing , Shao Jing'an
Published: July 2023

Terrestrial ecosystems are significant carbon sinks and are crucial for understanding the regional and global carbon cycles, energy flow, and climate change. As land use change is a significant factor affecting ecosystem carbon stocks, studying it is essential to comprehending the evolution of regional carbon sink functions and achieving sustainable development goals. The drastically diverse land use patterns in each of the study area's functional areas resulted in significant differences in carbon stocks between them. This study explores the evolution traits of carbon stocks based on land use data and their driving mechanisms in Chongqing during the past 30 years by using spatial analysis, the InVEST model, and geographic probes. The results demonstrate the significant change in land use change in the study area, which led to a 5.1078Tg decrease in total carbon stock, a decline of 1.5%. The main pathway for carbon loss pathway in the evolution of carbon stock is the conversion of cropland to construction land, and the primary carbon compensation pathway is the conversion of grassland and cropland to forest land, with a spatial distribution characterized by "higher in the whole area and obvious local differences". The degree of land use contributes most to the evolution of carbon stocks. Moreover, the interaction of pairwise factors played a more important role in affecting the evolution of carbon stocks than did each factor individually. The case study in this paper shows that land use change is a significant driving mechanism for the evolution of carbon stock, and the development of a driving model theory is appropriate for deciphering the trajectory of carbon stock evolution and offering research suggestions for other regions.
The influence of mounting place of FBG sensor in composite on the base of FEM simulation.
Authors: Tafese Iyasu Tafese
Published: July 2023

In composite materials, a real-time strain development can be measured by mounting a small-diameter fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors in structures. The mounting position of FBG sensors determines the accuracy in capturing and monitoring the mechanical behavior of composites. In this study, the influence of mounting place of FBG sensors on mechanical response of composite structures was investigated using Finite Element Method (FEM). The FEM model incorporates the composite material properties, such as fiber orientation and resin matrix. A parametric study is conducted by varying the mounting locations of FBG sensors within the composite laminate. In this study strain variation with respect to distance between FBG sensor and glass stiffener was investigated. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the optimal mounting positions of FBG sensors within composite structures for reliable strain monitoring and damage detection. This knowledge can aid engineers and researchers in designing efficient and robust structural health monitoring systems, leading to enhanced safety, durability, and performance of composite materials in various applications, including aerospace, automotive, and civil engineering.