bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Đột biến dị hợp tử trội C.991T>T của gen KCNJ11 gây các kiểu hình khác nhau của đái tháo đường
Authors: Ngọc Cấn Thị Bích , Dũng Vũ Chí
Published: May 2021

Đột biến kích hoạt gen KCNJ11 mã hóa cho tiểu đơn vị Kir6.2 đã được biết gây bệnh đái tháo đường sơ sinh. Điều trị bằng thuốc uống sulfonylurea thay thế cho tiêm insulin ngoại sinh giúp cải thiện glucose máu ở hầu hết những bệnh nhân mang đột biến của gen này. Việc xác định đột biến gen ở những bệnh nhân đái tháo đường xuất hiện trước 6 tháng tuổi không chỉ có vai trò quan trọng trong việc lựa chọn phương pháp điều trị phù hợp cho bệnh nhân mà còn giúp xác định bệnh đái tháo đường di truyền đơn gen. Trong nghiên cứu này, 3 thành viên trong 1 gia đình: bệnh nhân (ca chỉ điểm - proband) (II.2) được chẩn đoán đái tháo đường lúc 62 ngày tuổi, em gái bệnh nhân (II.3) được chẩn đoán đái tháo đường lúc 13 tháng tuổi và bố bệnh nhân (I.2) được chẩn đoán đái tháo đường lúc 20 tuổi. Ba bệnh nhân được xác định đột biến gen bằng phương pháp giải trình tự Sanger cho các gen KCNJ11, INS và ABCC8. Ba bệnh nhân có đột biến dị hợp tử trội c.991T>C (p.Ser331Pro) của gen KCNJ11. Bệnh nhân II.2 và II.3 được điều trị bằng sulfonylurea thay thế cho insulin tiêm. Bệnh nhân I.2 điều trị bằng insulin do từ chối chuyển đổi sang sulfonylurea. Như vậy với cùng một kiểu gen, đã gây nên những kiểu hình khác nhau của bệnh đái tháo đường.
Tình trạng di căn hạch của ung thư tuyến giáp thể biệt hóa ở nam giới
Authors: Hậu Nguyễn Xuân , Long Nguyễn Thanh , Hiền Nguyễn Xuân , Quảng Lê Văn
Published: May 2021

Nghiên cứu được tiến hành nhằm đánh giá tình trạng di căn hạch trong ung thư tuyến giáp thể biệt hóa ở nam giới tại bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội. Nghiên cứu tiến cứu trên 102 bệnh nhân nam giới ung thư tuyến giáp thể biệt hóa được phẫu thuật tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội từ tháng 7/2018 đến tháng 08/2020. Độ tuổi trung bình là 40,9 ± 13,0 tuổi. Khối u chủ yếu ở 1 thùy (79,4%), kích thước ≤ 1cm (65,7%). Đánh giá trên siêu âm chủ yếu là TIRADS 4 (66,6%), tỉ lệ chọc hút tế bào kim nhỏ chẩn đoán ác tính 74,5%. Đa số các bệnh nhân được phẫu thuật cắt toàn bộ tuyến giáp (67,6%). Tỉ lệ di căn hạch chung là 59,8%, tỉ lệ di căn hạch cổ nhóm 6 đơn thuần và kèm theo hạch cổ bên lần lượt là 56,1% và 33,3%. Tỉ lệ di căn hạch tiềm ẩn là 47,1%. Các yếu tố:  kích thước u > 1cm, ung thư hai thùy, u phá vỡ vỏ xâm lấn ra ngoài tuyến liên quan có ý nghĩa thống kê với tình trạng di căn hạch (p < 0,05).
Đánh giá kết quả của kỹ thuật gây tê ngoài màng cứng ngực có hỗ trợ của siêu âm trong giảm đau sau phẫu thuật bụng trên
Authors: Linh Đỗ Phương , Tú Nguyễn Hữu
Published: May 2021

Nghiên cứu nhằm so sánh kết quả của GTNMC ngực có hỗ trợ của siêu âm để xác định khe liên đốt sống với GTNMC ngực thường quy dựa vào mốc giải phẫu. Nghiên cứu thử nghiệm lâm sàng ngẫu nhiên có đối chứng trên 63 bệnh nhân phẫu thuật ngực trên tại bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội từ tháng 4 – 8 năm 2018, nhóm I: 31 BN GTNMC có hỗ trợ của siêu âm; Nhóm II: 32 BN GTNMC thường quy. Kết quả cho thấy tỷ lệ phù hợp giữa xác định vị trí khe liên đốt sống trên MGP so với trên SÂ là 63,3%. So sánh kết quả của GTNMC có hỗ trợ của siêu âm so với GTNMC thường quy: số lần chọc kim qua da và sự đổi vị trí khe đốt sống ít hơn, tỷ lệ GTNMC thành công sau lần chọc đầu tiên cao hơn, mức độ đau sau mổ (điểm VAS) thấp hơn. Kết quả ban đầu cho thấy GTNMC có hỗ trợ của siêu âm có kết quả tốt hơn GTNMC thường quy dựa vào mốc giải phẫu.
Bilateral Measurements in Electrical Circuits with Gas-discharge Devices
Authors: Abrahamyan A. S. , Chilingaryan R. Yu. , Sahakyan Q. G.
Published: May 2021

If the electrical circuit is unbranched, then usually the current that flows through the circuit is measured only at one point of such a series circuit. Therefore, in gas-discharge devices, when powered by a current that contains a variable component, it is necessary to simultaneously measure current both from the anode side and from the cathode side. Dynamic processes will be very different from the average for the period of change in the discharge current. The experimental results of such measurements and a comparison with current measurements at one point in a series circuit with a gas-discharge device are present, for example, not only a change in the dynamic resistance of the discharge, but also a dynamic change in the electrical capacitance of the discharge.
Single Wall Carbon Nanotube Gas Sensors
Authors: Aroutiounian V. M.
Published: May 2021

Excellent physical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are used for manufacturing of many electronic devices. Single wall version of CNTs is promising for detection many important gases including gases exhaled by the organism. The most promising is the realization of gas sensors based on metal oxides doped with CNTs. Application of CNT-based sensors to breathe analysis, properties of the SWCNTs gas sensors with metal nanoparticles and metal oxides and CNTs biosensors are reviewed in this paper.
Comprehensive Analysis of TGF β & β – Catenin Components in Various Human Cancer Tissues
Authors: Daraghmeh Jamila Sameer , Mansour Bayan Mustafa , Kmail Asmaa Yousef , Daraghmeh Iqab Ghalib
Published: May 2021

Studies over the last years revealed significant insights into the β-Catenin & TGF β signal transduction pathways and that such pathways are abnormal activated in abundant cancer types. According to the straight forward effect of these pathways in various tumor types, both pathways are currently considered targets for innovative cancer therapies. This view study emphasizes 13 proteins that are implicated in these two pathways. As there has been widespread research into the proteins that involved in these pathways, we have utilized data existing in the Human Protein Atlas database in this paper to examine the expression of 53 crucial proteins that are recognized to be involved in the activation of these pathways in a distinct group of 45 cancer types. Our findings revealed notably that the proteins (SKIL, SHC, ERK1/2, RAS, PI3K (PIK3CA), SMAD8, ACVR2A/1B SNON, AKT, and SMAD3, from TGF β and (RNF43, SNAIL1 and DVl) for β catenin show high expression in most caner tissues. Our results strongly suggest that these proteins might have the ability to act as potential objects for remedies and provide perception into the molecular basis of cancer.
Origin of Magnetite in the Zoned Ultramafic Complexes of Southeastern Alaska1
Authors: Taylor Hugh P. , Noble James A.
Published: May 2021

Appreciable concentrations of titaniferous magnetite occur in several of the ultramafic complexes that are exposed along a linear belt 350 miles in length in southeastern Alaska. Four of the larger bodies, at Klukwan, Snettisham, Union Bay, and Duke Island, are of economic interest. Large magnetite concentrations (15–20 percent of the rock by volume) of very uniform grade occur in the hornblende pyroxenite units of these complexes.

In several of the complexes (including Union Bay and Duke Island) a consistent zoning of ultramafic rock types occurs, with dunite, peridotite, olivine pyroxenite, and hornblende pyroxenite occurring in sequence from the center outward to the margin. Only the hornblende pyroxenite zone is exposed at Klukwan and Snettisham, but the mineralogy of this zone is identical in all the complexes. The minerals are diopsidic augite (Di85Hed15 to Di70Hed30), hornblende (abnormally high in A12O3 and low in SiO2 relative to most igneous hornblendes), magnetite, and accessory ilmenite and hercynitic spinel. Accessory amounts of olivine may occur in the interior parts of the magnetite pyroxenite zones of the complexes that contain olivine pyroxenite and/or dunite, but the magnetite concentrations drop abruptly as the amount of olivine increases; magnetite is largely absent from the olivine pyroxenite zones.

The many common features of these ultramafic bodies indicate that they formed by a single mechanism, namely by crystallization of ultramafic magmas. Evidence for this includes: (1) graded layering in rhythmically-bedded olivine pyroxenite and magnetite pyroxenite; (2) significant contact metasomatism and metamorphism at the margins of the bodies; and (3) good correspondence between observed rock types and experimentally studied liquids in the system diopside-olivine-iron oxide. It is suggested that the complexes formed by a combination of fractional crystallization and multiple intrusion of ultramafic magmas, and that the magnetite-hornblende pyroxenite zones in particular crystallized from a liquid roughly corresponding to their present chemical composition. This liquid must have had a total Fe content of about 15–18 percent by weight.
“The Sky is the Limit”: Saudi Youth in a Changing Kingdom, Beyond Narratives, Interpretations and Misperceptions
Authors: Pavan Annalisa
Published: May 2021

Current coverage by Western media of Saudi Arabia and Saudi youth conveys a range of narratives, interpretations and misperceptions about the ongoing changes in the country. In particular, this study intends to highlight how the young leadership, led by Mohammed bin Salman, is implementing a new “cultural diplomacy” inspired by foreign consultancies and outlined in Saudi Vision 2030. However, it seems that the actual moral and cultural impact of such diplomacy on the young, educated, connected and often unemployed Saudi youth is not a matter of official concern. This study draws on official Saudi and non-Saudi documents, facts and figures, press reports and recent literature rather than on field research, in the belief that changeable expectations and aspirations expressed by Saudi youth in the MbS era may be influenced by readily accepted narratives forged both inside and outside the country.
Management of high-grade renal traumas with collecting system injuries
Authors: Locke Jennifer A. , Neu Sarah , Navaratnam Roshan , Phillips Andrea , Nathens Avery B. , Herschorn Sender , Kodama Ronald
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Approximately 50% of all high-grade renal traumas (HGRT, American Association for the Surgery of Trauma [AAST] grade 4/5) have associated collecting system injuries. Although most of these collecting system injuries will heal spontaneously, approximately 20–30% of these injuries are managed with ureteric stents. The objective of the study was to review the management of HGRT with collecting system injuries in a level 1 trauma center.

Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study of trauma patients with HGRT and collecting system injuries from 1998–2019.

Results: We identified 147 patients with HGRT. Of the 105 patients who had trauma computed tomography (CT) imaging within 24 hours, 46 were found to have collecting system injuries. Seven of these patients underwent intervention based on initial CT findings; the remaining 39 patients with urinary extravasation were conservatively managed. Of the 37 patients who underwent reimaging, 22 (59%) demonstrated a stable or resolving collection and 15 (41%) demonstrated continued urinary extravasation. Resolution of extravasation on subsequent imaging was observed in 10 of those patients, while five patients (14%) required intervention (four stents, one percutaneous drain) for symptoms/signs of urinary extravasation.

Conclusions: In this study, most patients with HGRT and collecting system injuries did not require intervention unless the patient became symptomatic. The majority of collecting system injuries resolved with no intervention. This study underscores the need for future prospective trials to investigate the necessity of intervening in HGRT collecting system injuries and, secondarily, the need for routine reimaging in these asymptomatic patients.
De nieuwe juridische jas voor de maatschappelijke onderneming komt eraan: de BVm
Authors: Zillikens-Loos M.J.L.A.M. , Crul Q.M.J.A. , Schriemer T.A.
Published: May 2021

De nieuwe juridische jas voor de maatschappelijke onderneming komt eraan: de BVm

Het Ministerie van EZK heeft een ‘Aanzet voor een wettelijke regeling voor een besloten vennootschap met maatschappelijk doel (BVm)’ aangeboden ter internetconsultatie. In dat kader gaan auteurs in op de onderdelen van de Aanzet en zetten zij hun opmerkingen en aanbevelingen voor de wettelijke regeling (de BVm-wet) uiteen.
ON SIMPSON'S QUADRATURE FORMULA FOR MAPPINGS OF BOUNDED VARIATION AND APPLICATIONS
Authors: DRAGOMIR SEVER SILVESTRU
Published: May 2021

An estimation of remamder for Simpson's quadrature formula for mappings of bounded variation and applications in theory of special means (logarithmic mean, identric mean, etc ...)  are given.
CAC-Redes APLICADO AO ESTUDO DA COMPETIÇÃO ENTRE EMPRESAS DO CLUSTER VITIVINICULTOR DE SÃO ROQUE
Authors: Gonçalves Rubens Gomes , Contador José Celso , Contador José Luiz , Satyro Walter Cardoso , Florencio Carlos Alberto De Domenico
Published: May 2021

Qual a influência das competências organizacionais e dos vínculos sociais na competitividade das empresas que operam em rede de negócio? Para responder essa pergunta, a pesquisa usou como referencial teórico o CAC-Redes (modelo de campos e armas da competição aplicado a redes de negócio), em desenvolvimento por Contador, que integra num todo coerente três perspectivas: Visão Baseada na Indústria, RBV e Visão Relacional considerando simultaneamente a posição competitiva da empresa, suas competências e seus vínculos sociais. A concepção do CAC-Redes é aqui apresentada ineditamente. A pesquisa adotou o método hipotético-dedutivo proposto por Popper para corroborar suas hipóteses estatísticas. Duas são suas principais contribuições, que justificam sua importância: preencher lacuna teórica, pois há poucos estudos relacionando competência organizacional e vínculos sociais com vantagem competitiva das empresas, e subsidiar o desenvolvimento e futura validação do CAC-Redes.
Desmistificando a equação de NIOSH para tarefas compostas: Um roteiro de aplicação prática
Authors: Martim de Moura Henrique , Santos Franz Luis Antonio , Fernandes Andrade Isabela
Published: May 2021

O uso da Equação de NIOSH, em grande maioria dos trabalhos acadêmicos trata das tarefas denominadas simples, o que não reflete a situação real comumente presente nas organizações, apesar desta técnica ter sido formalmente publicada há mais de décadas. Não obstante, há uma lacuna importante nestes trabalhos, no que compete à demonstração de forma mais didática e transparente do seu uso. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho demonstra por meio da avaliação de uma situação cotidiana os encaminhamentos teóricos e práticos aplicáveis durante a utilização da avaliação de NIOSH para tarefas compostas. A abordagem presente neste trabalho demonstra que o uso dos valores do Limite de Peso Recomendado Independente da Frequência (LPRIF) simplifica bastante a obtenção de resultados, sem perda de acurácia. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho também reforçam o fato de que o cálculo adequado do Índice de Levantamento Composto (ILC) considera o acúmulo das fadigas e não, a média delas. Demonstra-se ainda que a utilização da Equação de NIOSH composta, desde que feita com parcimônia e utilizando-se o os valores corretos das frequências durante os procedimentos de cálculo, pode trazer uma avaliação mais acurada dos riscos relativos à manutenção de cargas em atividades complexas.
Desmistificando a equação de NIOSH para tarefas compostas: um roteiro de aplicação
Authors: Moura Henrique Martim de , Franz Luis Antonio Santos , Andrade Isabela Fernandes
Published: May 2021

A Equação de NIOSH é difundida e utilizada no Brasil por profissionais e acadêmicos. Porém, um dos principais problemas é a aplicação da Equação de NIOSH para tarefas simples, em contextos de tarefas que são caracterizadas como tarefas compostas. Não obstante, há uma lacuna importante nestes trabalhos, no que compete à demonstração de forma mais didática do seu uso. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho caracteriza-se como um estudo de caso, onde a equação de NIOSH foi aplicada seguindo cinco passos metodológicos em uma tarefa composta comum no contexto de macromercados e supermercados. Concluímos que a utilização da Equação de NIOSH composta, desde que feita com parcimônia e utilizando-se os valores corretos das frequências durante os procedimentos de cálculo, pode trazer uma avaliação mais acurada dos riscos relativos à manutenção de cargas em atividades complexas; evitando percepções equivocadas das situações de trabalho e consequentemente em danos à saúde do trabalhador.
Can isoniazid preventive therapy be scaled up rapidly? Lessons learned in Kenya, 2014–2018
Authors: Weyenga H. , Karanja M. , Onyango E. , Katana A. K. , Ng´ang´a L. W. , Sirengo M. , Ondondo R. O. , Wambugu C. , Waruingi R. N. , Muthee R. W. , Masini E. , Ngugi E. W. , Shah N. S. , Pathmanathan I. , Maloney S. , De Cock K. M.
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: TB is the leading cause of mortality among people living with HIV (PLHIV), for whom isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) has a proven mortality benefit. Despite WHO recommendations, countries have been slow in scaling up IPT. This study describes processes, challenges,
solutions, outcomes and lessons learned during IPT scale‐up in Kenya.METHODS: We conducted a desk review and analyzed aggregated Ministry of Health (MOH) IPT enrollment data from 2014 to 2018 to determine trends and impact of program activities. We further analyzed IPT completion
reports for patients initiated from 2015 to 2017 in 745 MOH sites in Nairobi, Central, Eastern and Western Kenya.RESULTS: IPT was scaled up 75‐fold from 2014 to 2018: the number of PLHIV covered increased from 9,981 to 749,890. The highest percentage increases in the cumulative
number of PLHIV on IPT were seen in the quarters following IPT pilot projects in 2014 (49%), national launch in 2015 (54%), and HIV treatment acceleration in 2016 (158%). Among 250,069 patients initiating IPT from 2015 to 2017, 97.5% completed treatment, 0.2% died, 0.8% were lost to follow‐up,
1.0% were not evaluated, and 0.6% discontinued treatment.CONCLUSIONS: IPT can be scaled up rapidly and effectively among PLHIV. Deliberate MOH efforts, strong leadership, service delivery integration, continuous mentorship, stakeholder involvement, and accountability are critical
to program success.
Indoor pet allergen exposures modify the effects of chemical air pollutants on respiratory symptoms
Authors: Baïz N. , Billionnet C. , Kirchner S. , de Blay F. , Annesi-Maesano I.
Published: May 2021

SETTING: Indoor volatile organic compound (VOC) levels, which are generally correlated with each other, may have an additive or synergistic effect on health. VOC synergy with allergens is a suspected mechanism affecting respiration.OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect
of exposure to interactions between VOCs and allergens on respiratory symptoms in individuals aged ≥15 years.DESIGN: A national cross‐sectional survey measured 20 VOCs and dog and cat aeroallergens in 490 main residential dwellings in France. A standardised questionnaire
was used to elicit responses on respiratory conditions in 1012 inhabitants. Four VOC factor scores (linear combinations of VOCs) were generated using principal component analysis. In order to take into account the phenomenon of multi‐pollution, marginal models were used to model the
relationships between exposure to VOC mixture and respiratory conditions. Stratified models were used to examine the interaction between allergens and VOCs.RESULTS: The aromatic hydrocarbon score was associated with rhinitis and wheezing, the aliphatic hydrocarbon score with asthma
and cough, the halogenated hydrocarbons with asthma, wheezing and rhinitis. Aldehydes and Can f1 had a significant synergistic effect on wheezing and rhinitis. Aliphatic hydrocarbons had an antagonist effect with Can f1 on wheezing.CONCLUSION: Our data support evidence
of adverse effects of exposure to VOC mixture on respiratory conditions; this effect is aggravated in the presence of pet allergens.
Novel nomogram-based integrated gonadotropin therapy individualization in in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection: A modeling approach
Authors: Ebid Abdel Hameed I M , Motaleb Sara M Abdel , Mostafa Mahmoud I , Soliman Mahmoud M A
Published: May 2021

Objective: This study aimed to characterize a validated model for predicting oocyte retrieval in controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) and to construct model-based nomograms for assistance in clinical decision-making regarding the gonadotropin protocol and dose.Methods: This observational, retrospective, cohort study included 636 women with primary unexplained infertility and a normal menstrual cycle who were attempting assisted reproductive therapy for the first time. The enrolled women were split into an index group (n=497) for model building and a validation group (n=139). The primary outcome was absolute oocyte count. The dose-response relationship was tested using modified Poisson, negative binomial, hybrid Poisson-Emax, and linear models. The validation group was similarly analyzed, and its results were compared to that of the index group. Results: The Poisson model with the log-link function demonstrated superior predictive performance and precision (Akaike information criterion, 2,704; λ=8.27; relative standard error (λ)=2.02%). The covariate analysis included women’s age (p<0.001), antral follicle count (p<0.001), basal follicle-stimulating hormone level (p<0.001), gonadotropin dose (p=0.042), and protocol type (p=0.002 and p<0.001 for short and antagonist protocols, respectively). The estimates from 500 bootstrap samples were close to those of the original model. The validation group (n=139) showed model assessment metrics comparable to the index model. Based on the fitted model, a static nomogram was built to improve visualization. In addition, a dynamic electronic tool was created for convenience of use.Conclusion: Based on our validated model, nomograms were constructed to help clinicians individualize the stimulation protocol and gonadotropin doses in COS cycles.
Impacto do uso de contêineres em um serviço de nuvem HTC
Authors: Nicodemus Carlos , Boeres Cristina , Rebello Vinod
Published: May 2021

A virtualização por contêineres vem ganhando popularidade nos últimos anos devido à criação de ambientes virtuais isolados com uma alocação eﬁciente de recursos computacionais para a execução de aplicações considerando o compartilhamento de recursos. Este trabalho tem por objetivo veriﬁcar se esta melhoria é sempre possível através da comparação do uso de contêineres e máquinas virtuais para a execução de uma aplicação cientíﬁca de biodiversidade usado em um serviço de nuvem. Em particular, sua eﬁciência na escalabilidade desses ambientes virtuais em Computação de Alta Vazão é analisada.
Execução Energeticamente Eficiente de Aplicações Estêncil com o Processador Manycore MPPA-256
Authors: Podestá Jr. Emmanuel , D. Pereira Alyson , C. O. Rocha Rodrigo , Castro Márcio , F. W. Góes Luís
Published: May 2021

Neste artigo é proposta uma adaptação do framework PSkel para o processador manycore de baixa potência MPPA-256. O framework permite simplificar o desenvolvimento de aplicações estêncil iterativas para o MPPA-256, escondendo do desenvolvedor detalhes de implementação. Os resultados obtidos no MPPA-256 mostraram uma redução do consumo de energia de aplicações estêncil iterativas de até 1.45x em comparação com um processador multicore Intel Broadwell.
Optimizing the Decoding Process of a Post-Quantum Cryptographic Algorithm
Authors: Guimarães Antonio , F. Aranha Diego , Borin Edson
Published: May 2021

QcBits is a state-of-the-art constant-time implementation of a code-based encryption scheme for post-quantum public key cryptography. This paper presents an optimized version of its decoding process, which is used for message decryption. Our implementation leverages SSE and AVX instructions extensions and performs 3.6 to 4.8 times faster than the original version, while preserving the 80-bit security level and constant time execution. We also provide experimental data that indicates a further 1.4-factor speedup supposing the existence of instructions for vectorial conditional moves and 256-bit register shifts. Finally, we implemented countermeasures for side-channel security and showed that they do not affect the overall performance.
A Hybrid CPU-GPU-MIC Algorithm for the Hitting Set Problem
Authors: Carastan-Santos Danilo , C. Martins-Jr David , C. S. Rozante Luiz , W. Song Siang , Y. de Camargo Raphael
Published: May 2021

We present a hybrid exact algorithm for the Hitting Set Problem (HSP) for highly heterogeneous CPU-GPU-MIC platforms. With several techniques that permit an efficient exploitation of each architecture, low communication cost and effective load balancing, we were able to solve large HSP instances in reasonable time, achieving good performance and scalability. We obtained speedups of up to 25.32 in comparison with using two six-core CPUs and exact HSP solutions for instances with tens of thousands of variables in less than 5 hours. These results reinforce the statement that heterogeneous clusters of CPUs, GPUs and MICs can be used efficiently for high-performance computing.
Análise Arquitetural Comparativa do Desempenho de Redes-em-Chip Baseada em Simulação
Authors: Alves da Silva Eduardo , Albenes Zeferino Cesar
Published: May 2021

As Redes-em-Chip são a infraestrutura de comunicação adotada nos sistemas many-core atuais e diversos estudos têm comparado o desempenho de arquiteturas de rede. Porém, esses trabalhos carecem de análises quantitativas ou de abrangência arquitetural. Para superar essas limitações, este artigo apresenta uma biblioteca de componentes de simulação que possibilita a modelagem de diferentes alternativas arquiteturais e a coleta de dados para uma comparação quantitativa. Um amplo conjunto de experimentos foi realizado para demonstrar a efetividade da biblioteca implementada. Os resultados obtidos permitem identificar as melhores alternativas de rede para diferentes cenários de tráfego.
Algoritmo Paralelo para Árvore Geradora Usando GPU
Authors: F. A. Vasconcellos Jucele , N. Cáceres Edson , Mongelli Henrique , W. Song Siang
Published: May 2021

Neste trabalho, usando o modelo BSP/CGM, propomos um algoritmo paralelo, com uma implementação em CUDA, para obter uma árvore geradora de um grafo. Trabalhos anteriores para este problema são baseados na solução do problema de list ranking que, embora eficiente na teoria, não produz bons ganhos na prática. Num trabalho posterior, baseado na ideia do cálculo de uma estrutura chamada esteio, Cáceres et al. propuseram um algoritmo paralelo no modelo BSP/CGM para obter uma árvore geradora sem a utilização de list ranking. O cálculo do esteio é obtido com a utilização de um grafo bipartido auxiliar, com o uso de ordenação inteira. Neste artigo melhoramos aquele trabalho em vários aspectos. No algoritmo proposto, para implementação em GPGPU, não é mais necessário calcular o grafo bipartido, e a construção do esteio não necessita do algoritmo de ordenação. A eficiência e escalabilidade do algoritmo proposto são verificadas por experimentos.
Financial reporting incentives: Taxation and external financing need
Authors: Serdarević Nino , Muratović-Dedić Ajla
Published: May 2021

Earnings management literature extensively explores tax regime and debt contracting as possible incentives in financial reporting. Firms engage with aggressive financial reporting to bias earnings in periods when the need for external financing increases. Contrary to this, the tax burden represents incentive for more conservative reporting. We argue that the level of firm's financial reporting aggressiveness is not constant but rather floating from period to period, directly affecting the quality of financial reports. We assume that firm's management on its own discretion determines the level of conservatism, balancing between these two incentives. The prevailing of two incentives, the need for external financing and the tax burden, determines the level of conservatism in particular reporting period. We hypothesised that the reduction in tax burden incentive overcomes the debt contracting incentive in the years of decreasing external financing need, implying more conservative accounting to balance between economic and taxable income. The total accruals are used as a measure of earnings management reflected to working capital accruals. The data analysis conducted on financial reports of 297 firms in the time-series of five years shows a significant correlation between total accruals, external financing needs and difference between economic and taxable income.
Okun's law and assessment of stimulus to the economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Halebić Jasmin
Published: May 2021

The effects of coronavirus pandemics are omnipresent in the national economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Output and unemployment are probably the most important variables for measuring the negative effects of the pandemics from a macroeconomic perspective. Different organizations, both national and international, have announced their autumn and winter prognoses of these variables for 2020. None of them are optimistic. The Bosnian economy is in the worst situation in the last two decades. International Monetary Fund approved US$ 361 million in urgent support to B&H in 2020 to alleviate the COVID-19 negative economic consequences. This paper aims to investigate the potential economic impact of that financial support with the application of simple arithmetic. In the paper, Okun's law is used as a methodological framework to assessing the effects of the IMF's rapid financial instrument. The relationship between the real economic growth and change in the unemployment rate is estimated for the B&H economy. Findings of the paper show that the IMF financial support effect amounts to about 3.7% of GDP in B&H. Effects on the unemployment rate are estimated to 2.3 percentage points less than what it would otherwise have been. Since the early estimations of the GDP in B&H indicated a deep recession in 2020 this financial support proved to be an insufficient stimulus to the B&H economy. Decision-makers in the country should be aware of their responsibility for providing larger stimulus packages to avoid bad economic and social outcomes soon.
Bilateral trade trends and patterns of Bosnia and Herzegovina: Case of trade with Turkey
Authors: Brkić Snježana , Velić Amira
Published: May 2021

A country's trade pattern reflects its supply (export) and demand (import) specialization indicating national performance and competitiveness in the foreign as well as in the domestic market. By applying two different concepts of trade specialization (one based on traditional trade theories of comparative advantages and the other based on modern trade theories), complemented with the analysis of export-import flows and relations, the paper aims to identify characteristics of the position of Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) in its bilateral trade. The paper investigates trends, patterns and variations in the trade of B&H with Turkey during the eleven-year time frame (2009-2019), with special regard to identifying industries with revealed comparative advantages and industries with dominancy of IIT. The analysis employs different indicators such as indices of export composition, sectoral diversification/concentration, IIT intensity and structure, quality of exports and imports based on relative unit values and classification of industries by technological intensity. The research results indicated an unfavourable position of B&H in trade with Turkey, with no prominent changes in the observed period. The trade deficit is constantly present, with low export-import coverage and a declining export trend. The analysis revealed a higher level of export product concentration primarily on low value added products, and comparative advantages of B&H in fewer industries, mainly resource-based or medium-technologically intensive. Trade with Turkey is extremely inter-industry trade, viewed both at an aggregate and industrial level, also pointing to B&H's low competitiveness in analyzed trade relations.
The role and the importance of competencies for the employability of University graduates
Authors: Isaković Suvad , Brkić Alaudin , Kulović Dženan
Published: May 2021

The goal of this work is to explore the effects of various factors that affect the employment of graduates of the University of Zenica. Additional analysis of variables as well as the links between variables will offer the input information that can contribute to the decision-making process in the development of new curriculums. The survey was conducted in Zenica-Doboj Canton, which involved n = 47 respondents. To process data, the following programs were used: Microsoft Excel, SPSS and SmartPL S3 - SEM program. The verification of the validity and the reliability of the measuring scale was carried out by calculating the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient. The review of the set of the hypotheses was carried out by the Regression analysis. The findings revealed that three hypotheses were accepted and one of them was rejected. The set hypotheses confirmed that the adopted expertise of graduates, the level of acquired skills and cooperation of the University with companies has a statistically significant impact on the employability of graduates. The organizational skills of graduates do not have a statistically significant impact on the employability of the University of Zenica graduates.
Pharmacogenomics and regulation of apoptosis in acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Pravdić Zlatko , Suvajdžić-Vuković Nada
Published: May 2021

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a heterogenous clonal hematopoietic malignancy primarily treated with combination of cytarabine (ara-C) and anthracyclines. Despite high remission rates, especially in younger patients, a vast majority of patients die due to relapse or chemotherapy/stem cell transplantation-related toxicity. The partial explanation for this grim clinical outcome lies in the patients' genetic variability. In this review, we will summarize how genetic polymorphisms of proteins, in metabolic paths of cytarabine and anthracyclines and proteins involved in regulation of apoptosis, influence efficacy and toxicity in the AML treatment.
Quantification of the interdependence of innovation ability and competitiveness of the Southeast European countries
Authors: Cvetanović Slobodan , Kostić Aleksandar , Šušić Vukašin
Published: May 2021

Based on the data of the World Economic Forum, the individual impact of innovation capacity on the competitiveness of eleven countries in Southeast Europe in the period 2017-2019 was quantified by analyzing rank and index values and using the method of correlation analysis. The obtained results showed a significant relationship between the observed countries' ranks of innovation and competitiveness in the observed time interval. The results also showed a direct link between the index of innovation ability and global competitiveness when economic development is predominantly based on the so-called platform of the fourth industrial revolution. This implies the necessity for an efficient innovation policy in the countries of Southeast Europe since the improvement of a country's innovation capacity has a stimulating effect on the growth of their competitiveness.
Short-term efficacy of 1-month and 3-month gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist depots in girls with central precocious puberty
Authors: Jeon Min Jin , Choe Jae Won , Chung Hye Rim , Kim Jae Hyun
Published: May 2021

Purpose: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) has been the mainstay of central precocious puberty (CPP) treatment for decades, but few reports have compared the efficacy of 1-month and 3-month depot GnRHa formulations. This study investigates the short-term efficacy of 1-month and 3-month GnRHa depots in girls with CPP.Methods: Overall, 150 girls with CPP were included in a retrospective review of medical records. Subjects in group 1 (n=105) were treated with 1-month GnRHa depots for ≥12 months, and those in group 2 (n=45) were treated with 1-month GnRHa depots for 6 months followed by 3-month GnRHa depots for ≥6 months. Anthropometric and biochemical data were compared between the groups at 3-time points (after 0, 6, and 12 months of GnRHa treatment).Results: Demographic and clinical characteristics did not differ between the groups at baseline or after 6 months of GnRHa treatment. After 12 months of GnRHa treatment, patients in the both groups showed no difference in bone age (BA), chronological age (CA), BA–CA difference, height standard deviation score (SDS) for CA and BA, or body mass index SDS for CA and BA. The sexual maturity rate of the breast was prepubertal at 12 months in most of subjects. GnRH-stimulated luteinizing hormone (LH) level was suppressed during GnRHa treatment in both groups at 6 and 12 months, although the LH level in group 2 was higher than that in group 1.Conclusion: Treating CPP with a 3-month GnRHa depot showed short-term efficacy comparable to that with a 1-month depot in anthropometric parameters and pubertal suppression.
Les marmites à livres. Logiques de sélection des oeuvres et construction des collections
Authors: Serry Hervé
Published: May 2021

La forme collection est un instrument clé des pratiques éditoriales de l’édition littéraire généraliste contemporaine. La fondation, l’administration ou encore les usages des collections au sein d’une entreprise éditoriale sont des observatoires de la réalité des pratiques éditoriales et des conditions d’existence des livres. À partir de l’examen d’un catalogue, celui des Éditions du Seuil des années 1940 aux années 1980, il s’agit de voir comment la collection, le directeur ou la directrice de collection (et d’autres intermédiaires), mais aussi le « hors collection », rarement considéré en soi, sont des catégories opératoires, des dispositifs techniques destinés à fixer les frontières éditoriales et l’usage des ressources d’une maison d’édition. Ces catégories utilisées par les acteurs d’une entreprise d’édition font l’objet de mobilisations multiples qui dessinent la dynamique objective des projets éditoriaux.
PŁEĆ SPOŁECZNO-KULTUROWA JAKO KATEGORIA RÓŻNICUJĄCA PROCES PROJEKTOWY SPECJALISTÓW USER EXPERIENCE
Authors: Cieślak Katatrzyna
Published: May 2021

Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą osadzenia koncepcji płci społeczno-kulturowej w branży nowych technologii, a dokładniej jednym z ich działów - user experience (UX). Problemem badawczym jest odpowiedź na pytanie o to, jak płeć społeczno-kulturowa różnicuje treści procesu projektowego UX. W celu pogłębienia tego tematu oraz poznania doświadczeń i wyobrażeń o kobiecości i męskości w projektach UX zastosowana została metoda badań jakościowych - wywiady pogłębione ze specjalistami user experience. Z przeprowadzonych rozmów zostały wyodrębnione elementy, które rozgraniczają projektowane doświadczenia użytkowników pod względem ich płci (kolorystyka, układ treści, kształtów, zdjęć, grafik).
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor increases cell number of neural progenitor cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Pansri Panetha , Phanthong Phetcharat , Suthprasertporn Nopparat , Kitiyanant Yindee , Tubsuwan Alisa , Dinnyes Andras , Kobolak Julianna , Kitiyanant Narisorn
Published: May 2021

Background

Several pieces of evidence from in vitro studies showed that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promotes proliferation and differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs) into neurons. Moreover, the JAK2 pathway was proposed to be associated with mouse NSC proliferation. BDNF could activate the STAT-3 pathway and induce proliferation in mouse NSCs. However, its effects on proliferation are not fully understood and JAK/STAT pathway was proposed to play a role in this activity.

Methods

In the present study, the effects of BDNF on cell proliferation and neurite outgrowth of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-derived human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) were examined. Moreover, a specific signal transduction pathway important in cell proliferation was investigated using a JAK2 inhibitor (AG490) to clarify the role of that pathway.

Results

The proliferative effect of BDNF was remarkably observed as an increase in Ki-67 positive cells. The cell number of hNPCs was significantly increased after BDNF treatment represented by cellular metabolic activity of the cells measured by MTT assay. This noticeable effect was statistically shown at 20 ng/ml of BDNF treatment. BDNF, however, did not promote neurite outgrowth but increased neuronal cell number. It was found that AG490 suppressed hNPCs proliferation. However, this inhibitor partially decreased BDNF-induced hNPCs proliferation. These results demonstrated the potential role of BDNF for the amelioration of AD through the increase of AD-derived hNPCs number.
Retracing our steps to understand ketamine in depression: A focused review of hypothesized mechanisms of action
Authors: Irwin Madison N. , VandenBerg Amy
Published: May 2021

Introduction

MDD represents a significant burden worldwide, and while a number of approved treatments exist, there are high rates of treatment resistance and refractoriness. Ketamine, an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, is a novel, rapid-acting antidepressant, however the mechanisms underlying the efficacy of ketamine are not well understood and many other mechanisms outside of NMDAR antagonism have been postulated based on preclinical data. This focused review aims to present a summary of the proposed mechanisms of action by which ketamine functions in depressive disorders supported by preclinical data and clinical studies in humans.

Methods

A literature search was completed using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Results were limited to clinical trials and case studies in humans that were published in English. The findings were used to compile this article.

Results

The antidepressant effects associated with ketamine are mediated via a complex interplay of mechanisms; key steps include NMDAR blockade on γ-aminobutyric acid interneurons, glutamate surge, and subsequent activation and upregulation of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor.

Discussion

Coadministration of ketamine for MDD with other psychotropic agents, for example benzodiazepines, may attenuate antidepressant effects. Limited evidence exists for these effects and should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.
The use of the ketogenic diet in the treatment of psychiatric disorders
Authors: Tillery Erika E. , Ellis Katie D. , Threatt Tiffaney B. , Reyes Hannah A. , Plummer Christopher S. , Barney Logan R.
Published: May 2021

Introduction

The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate, and moderate-protein diet that has shown benefit as a treatment in neurologic disorders and may serve as a therapeutic option in individuals with psychiatric disorders.

Methods

A search was conducted using EBSCOhost and PubMed databases for studies relating to ketogenic or low-carbohydrate diets and psychiatric disorders.

Results

A total of 32 experimental or observational studies were identified by initial search strategies, 14 of which met the criteria to be included in this analysis. Although specific diet formulations varied somewhat between studies, they all generally examined low-carbohydrate dietary intake with the goal of producing a ketotic state. The studies included in this review indicated the KD was beneficial in reducing symptoms associated with various psychiatric disorders.

Discussion

This review summarizes the available evidence regarding the efficacy of the ketogenic diet in psychiatric disease states. Data from the studies analyzed demonstrated a positive response in individuals who were able to remain on the diet, regardless of the disease state. However, there is a need for more data to clearly define the specific benefits the KD may provide.
DNA — Oligopeptid wechselwirkung. NMR‐untersuchungen zur spezifität der oligopeptid‐bindung
Authors: Fritzsche H.
Published: July 2002

The specific broadening of 1H‐NMR lines caused by the binding of a small molecule to a biopolymer is used for the study of the oligopeptide—DNA interaction. In the NMR spectra of both the dipeptide carnosine (β‐alanyl—histidine) and the tripeptide glycyl—histidyl—glycine, addition of DNA causes specific broadening of the imidazole H‐2 and H‐4 protons of the histidine residues. All the other 1H‐NMR lines remain sharp, thus indicating a strongly restricted mobility solely of the imidazole ring in the DNA complex with these two oligopeptides.
Decreased activity of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase caused by 2,4,5,3′,4′‐pentabromobiphenyl in chick embryo hepatocyte cultures
Authors: Sinclair P.R. , Elder G.H. , Bement W.J. , Smith S.G. , Bonkowsky H.L. , Sinclair J.F.
Published: July 2002

Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity was investigated in cultures of chick embryo liver by two different methods: (1) analysis of porphyrin composition following incubation of intact cells with δ‐aminolevulinic acid; and (2) a more conventional direct enzymic assay of cell homogenates. Activity was detectibly decreased following exposure of cells to 100 ng/ml 2,4,5,3′,4′‐pentabromobiphenyl using the first method, but not the second. This decrease in activity was reversed by homogenizing the cells treated with 100 ng/ml pentabromobiphenyl. It is concluded that the direct homogenate assay of the enzyme may miss or underestimate decreases in its in vivo activity.
Assignment of the δ‐endotoxin gene of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis to a specific plasmid by curing analysis
Authors: Ward E.S. , Ellar D.J.
Published: July 2002

Plasmid analysis of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis revealed the presence of at least 9 plasmids. A high frequency of plasmid loss occurred when this organism was grown at elevated temperature (42°C). Analysis of over 100 isolates cured of one or more plasmids by this method revealed that loss of a 72 MDa plasmid was invariably accompanied by loss of the ability to synthesize the insecticidal δ‐endotoxin protein. Deletion of any of the other plasmids had no effect on δ‐endotoxin production. These results indicate the presence of a plasmid‐coded copy of the structural gene for the insecticidal δ‐endotoxin in B. thuringiensis var. israelensis.
The kinetics of the reaction of superoxide radical with Fe(III) complexes of EDTA, DETAPAC and HEDTA
Authors: Buettner Garry R. , Doherty Thomas P. , Patterson Larry K.
Published: July 2002

To gain an understanding of the mechanism by which the hydroxyl free radical can arise in superoxide generating systems and learn how different chelaters of iron can inhibit this reaction, a pulse radiolysis kinetic study of the reaction of O
−
2 with Fe(III)EDTA, Fe(III)HEDTA and Fe(III)DETAPAC (or DTPA) was undertaken. Superoxide reacts readily with Fe(III)EDTA and Fe(III)HEDTA with a pH‐dependent second‐order rate constant having values of 1.9 × 106 M−1.s−1 and 7.6 × 105 M−1.s−1 at pH 7, respectively. However, the rate constant for the reaction of O
−
2 with Fe(III)DETAPAC was found to be much slower, the upper limit for the rate constant being 104 M−1.s−1. These results in conjunction with spin‐trapping experiments with Fe(II)EDTA, Fe(II)HEDTA, Fe(II)DETAPAC and H2O2 suggests that DETAPAC inhibits the formation of OH by slowing the reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) and not by inhibiting the Fenton reaction.
Inhibition of Na+‐dependent Ca2+ efflux from heart mitochondria by amiloride analogues
Authors: Jurkowitz Marianne S. , Altschuld Ruth A. , Brierley Gerald P. , Cragoe Edward J.
Published: July 2002

The Na+‐induced release of accumulated Ca2+ from heart mitochondria is inhibited by amiloride, benzamil and several other amiloride analogues. These drugs do not affect uptake or release of Ca2+ mediated by the ruthenium red‐sensitive uniporter and their effects, like those of diltiazem and other Ca2+‐antagonists, appear to be localized principally at the Na+/Ca2+ antiporter of the mitochondrion. Benzamil inhibits Na+/Ca2+ antiport non‐competitively with respect to [Na+] with a K
i of 167 μM. In the presence of 1.5 mM Pi the K
i for benzamil inhibition of this reaction is decreased to 87 μM.
Paramagnetic metalloporphyrins as potential contrast agents in NMR imaging
Authors: Chen Chi-wan , Cohen Jack S. , Myers Charles E. , Sohn Miriam
Published: July 2002

Several water‐soluble paramagnetic metalloporphyrins were found to increase significantly the relaxation rate (1/T
1) of water. Such compounds are known to be selectively retained by tumors in animals, and consequently we identify them as potential contrast agents for tumors in NMR imaging.