bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El aceite vegetal en Ecuador: ¿un sector rentable y con poder de mercado?
Authors: Espinoza Erika , Morales Lilián
Published: February 2025

Dentro de la organización industrial, el paradigma ECR es crucial para conocer la situación de las empresas y los sectores, resultando imprescindible aplicarlo en industrias de productos de primera necesidad para contrarrestar los efectos negativos de los mercados concentrados. Por ello, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la relación entre estructura de mercado, comportamiento y resultados en función del paradigma ECR en el sector del aceite vegetal en Ecuador en el periodo 2014-2021. Los datos se procesaron mediante estadística descriptiva, correlacional y estudios explicativos. En el marco del paradigma ECR, se calculó la estructura de mercado con el índice Herfindahl-Hirsch- man y se determinó el comportamiento que adoptan las empresas para manejar el mercado utilizando los precios como indicador del poder de mercado, mientras que los resultados del oligopolio se midieron con las ratios de rentabilidad ROA y de ROE. Los resultados indican que el sector del aceite vegetal pertenece a un mercado oligopólico, lo que permite a las empresas fijar precios, obtener mayores ganancias e incrementar su rentabilidad
Consumo de los hogares en Ecuador: un análisis por cuantiles
Authors: Hermida Victor , Vásquez David
Published: February 2025

En este artículo, se analizan los diferentes factores que inciden en los distintos cuartiles de consumo de los hogares de Ecuador para el año 2012. Utilizando una regresión por cuartiles (QR) se evidencia que el nivel de educación e ingresos del hogar tienen una relación positiva sobre los gastos de consumo en todos los cuantiles. El tamaño del hogar y el sexo del jefe de hogar se relacionan negativamente con el consumo. Finalmente, concerniente a la región geográfica, con excepción del tercer cuartil, se evidencia un consumo superior en los hogares de la región Costa que con respecto a los de la Sierra.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Respon Lambat Siswa Kelas 4 Sekolah Dasar Islam Terpadu Darul Muhsin Makassar
Authors: Abdullah Muhammad Nur , Syahrani Ashara Isma
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi lambatnya respon siswa kelas 4 di Sekolah Dasar Islam Terpadu (SDIT) Darul Muhsin Makassar. Respon lambat siswa merupakan masalah signifikan yang dapat menghambat perkembangan akademik dan keterampilan sosial siswa. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, angket, dan wawancara. Subjek penelitian melibatkan siswa kelas 4 yang menunjukkan kecenderungan lambat merespon, serta guru dan orang tua sebagai partisipan pendukung.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa respon lambat siswa disebabkan oleh kombinasi faktor internal, eksternal, dan kondisi sosial-emosional. Faktor internal meliputi kecemasan, kurang percaya diri, dan kemampuan kognitif yang rendah. Faktor eksternal mencakup minimnya dukungan orang tua dan metode pengajaran yang monoton. Kondisi sosial-emosional, seperti hubungan teman sebaya yang buruk dan stres akademik, juga berkontribusi terhadap lambatnya respon siswa.Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penggunaan metode pengajaran interaktif, peningkatan dukungan orang tua, dan pemberian konseling psikologis untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan diri siswa. Dengan intervensi yang tepat, siswa dengan respon lambat dapat menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam keterlibatan dan prestasi akademik mereka.
Analisis Kritis dan Pengembangan Algoritma K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN): Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur
Authors: Daulay Raja Sakti
Published: February 2025

K-Nearest Neigbors (KNN) adalah sebuah algoritma klasifikasi popular yang sering digunakan dalam machine learning. KNN mengklasifikasikan objek berdasarkan data pembelajaran yang memiliki jarak terdekat dengan objek tertentu. Algoritma Nearest Neighbor hanya mempertimbangkan satu data pembelajaran terdekat sebagai basis klasifikasi. Walaupun KNN sederhana tapi kekuatan algoritma ini terletak pada kemampuannya menghasilkan prediksi yang cukup akurat dalam berbagai kasus aplikasi. Namun, kelemahan utama algoritma ini adalah sensitifitasnya terhadap parameter seperti jumlah tetangga (k) dan metrik jarak yang digunakan. Seiring waktu, banyak peneliti telah melakukan berbagai pengembangan dan improvisasi terhadap KNN untuk meningkatkan akurasi hasil klasifikasinya. Berbagai pendekatan telah diterapkan, seperti optimasi pemilihan parameter, pengembangan metode pengukuran jarak, hingga penerapan algoritma hibrida dengan teknik machine learning lainnya. Improvisasi yang dikembangkan mencakup penyesuaian adaptif pada nilai k, penggunaan metrik jarak yang lebih kompleks, serta integrasi metode optimisasi seperti pembobotan jarak dan teknik ensamble. Penelitian-penelitian tersebut menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan dalam meningkatkan performa KNN, baik dalam hal efisiensi maupun akurasi. Paper ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji berbagai jenis pengembangan yang telah dilakukan pada algoritma KNN, menganalisis keunggulan dan kelemahannya, serta mengidentifikasi factor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja algoritma ini. Dengan memahami berbagai inovasi yang telah dilakukan, diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan mendalam terkait potensi peningkatan lebih lanjut pada algoritma KNN. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga membahan penerapan KNN dalam berbagai domain, seperti pengenalan pola, prediksi, dan pengolahan data skala besar. Hasil kajian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan bagi pengembang algoritma untuk memanfaatkan keunggulan KNN secara lebih optimal serta membuka peluang penelitian baru dalam bidang klasifikasi berbasis jarak.
Cara Menganalisa Tree (Stuktur Pohon) ke Dalam Bentuk Diagram Venn, Notasi Kurung, Notasi Tingkat dan Notasi Baris pada Kasus Struktur Data
Authors: Rahmawati Elmi , Azhari Devi
Published: February 2025

Struktur pohon merupakan salah satu representasi penting dalam bidang struktur data, yang digunakan untuk mengorganisasikan data secara hierarkis. Analisis pohon dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai pendekatan, termasuk Diagram Venn, notasi kurung, notasi tingkat, dan notasi baris. Setiap metode analisis memiliki karakteristik dan kegunaan yang unik dalam menggambarkan hubungan antar simpul dalam pohon. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan proses transformasi dari struktur pohon ke dalam empat bentuk tersebut, dengan penekanan pada pemahaman konsep dan aplikasi praktisnya. Diagram Venn membantu memvisualisasikan hubungan himpunan antar elemen dalam pohon. Notasi kurung memberikan representasi linier dari struktur pohon, yang berguna untuk penyimpanan dan pemrosesan data. Notasi tingkat merepresentasikan kedalaman setiap simpul dalam pohon, memberikan wawasan tentang hierarki dan kedalaman struktur. Sementara itu, notasi baris memungkinkan representasi yang lebih terstruktur dan sistematis dalam bentuk tabel, yang mempermudah analisis tingkat lanjut. Studi kasus dalam artikel ini mengilustrasikan bagaimana transformasi dilakukan dari pohon biner sederhana ke dalam keempat bentuk tersebut, dengan algoritma yang jelas dan efisien. Dengan memahami metode-metode ini, pembaca diharapkan dapat memilih pendekatan analisis yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan aplikasi mereka. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi dari metode analisis yang berbeda dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas dalam memvisualisasikan dan memanipulasi struktur pohon. Artikel ini memberikan kontribusi signifikan dalam bidang pendidikan dan pengembangan perangkat lunak dengan menyediakan panduan praktis untuk analisis pohon dalam berbagai skenario komputasi.
FISCAL FEDERALISM AND THE DELTA QUESTION: PROSPECT FOR RESOURCE CONTROL IN NIGERIA
Authors: ESIERE Emuesiri Joshua , EFEBEH Vincent E. , SANUBI Franklins
Published: February 2025

Resentment over resource control has frequently turned into militancy and violence in Nigeria's
Niger Delta. Even if the demand is based on the transfer of ownership, management, and control of the
processes of extracting crude oil, which is abundant in the area, the agitators are unaware of the exact
parameters of the demand. Nigeria's many possibilities for resource control were examined in this study. In
particular, it argued that constitutional modifications, the full repeal of the onshore/offshore dichotomy
abrogation statute, and other actions may achieve resource control. The study adopted the historical
research design and the qualitative method of data analysis. It is anchored on the frustration aggression
theory and recommends that; lawmakers and the government should reorganize the economy so that the
communities who produce oil have authority over their resources. In addition, restructuring should be done
to return these oil-producing villages to the 1953– 1959 period, when they received 100% of the earnings
instead of the current 13%. Two examples of legislation that should be abolished because they give the
federal government authority over the entire nation are the Petroleum Act and the Territory Use Act
TESTING THE UNEMPLOYMENT HYSTERESIS HYPOTHESIS IN SOUTH AFRICA: A LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR APPROACH
Authors: MINYUKU Langutani , SHEEFENI Johannes
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the unemployment hysteresis hypothesis in South Africa
over the period 2000 to 2023. The study employed the wavelet unit root process, namely the Discrete Wavelet
Transform (DWT) and the Maximum Overlap Wavelet Transform (MODWT) unit root processes.
Furthermore, the linear tests comprised of the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), the Phillips-Perron (PP),
and Kwiatkowski-Phillips-Schmidt-Shin (KPSS) tests were used, while the Fourier ADF tests were used as
the non-linear end. Consequently, all the linear tests reveal some mean reversion while the Fourier ADF test
confirms partial hysteresis: shocks to unemployment are indeed not permanent, but their effects do last over
time.
THE EFFECTIVITY OF TECHNOLOGY AS A COMMUNICATION TOOL IN LOCAL MUNICIPALITY OF SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: NTANDO Yamkela , MOFOLO Malefatsane Alphons
Published: February 2025

Over the last few decades, there has been a significant increase in the use of internet and
information technology, which has influenced various government departments to shift their traditional
strategies of communication to digital methods of communication. The emergence of technological
advancements improves the communication in the local government sphere. The problem of delayed
communication between municipalities and its residents. This paper sought to investigate the role played by
technology in enhancing communication between King Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality with its
residents. To showcase the impact played by technology on issues of local government, the open systems
theory was utilised as a theoretical foundation of this paper. The literature indicated that technology plays
a fundamental role in the communication process between local government and its stakeholders. Studies
conducted in this research area revealed that technology plays a pivotal role in the dissemination of public
information to the residents. This paper adopted a mixed method approach and a case study research design.
The quantitative data was collected through closed ended questionnaires while the qualitative data was
collected through semi-structured interviews. This paper sampled a total of 96 participants in the King
Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality through simple random sampling technique in the few selected
different wards of the municipality. The closed ended questionnaires were distributed to 90 participants while
6 municipal officials were interviewed. The quantitative data was analysed using SPSS while the qualitative
data was analysed through a thematic approach. The study found that technology is not fully utilised as a
communication tool between the municipality and the residents. The study revealed that traditional and
modern ways of communication are integrated by the municipality to communicate with the residents. The
study concluded that technological advancements must be exploited by the King Sabata Dalindyebo Local
Municipality to improve communication with its residents. The paper further recommended that new software
applications must be developed by the municipality to improve communication with the residents.
POVERTY AND CRIMINALITY IN NIGERIA: THE NEXUS
Authors: OSUNGBOYE Biola Muhibat , ADESANMI Fatai Olubunmi
Published: February 2025

The study analyses the nexus between poverty and criminal activities in Nigeria. The data for the
study were gathered from secondary sources, including textbooks, academic journals, newspapers, and
information from the official website of the Nigerian government. These data were subjected to content
analysis. The study revealed that the increase in criminal activities is a result of inequality, caused by the
conversion of state resources to personal ones by a few powerful elites who are serving their interests against
that of generality. And that, the increase in the rate of crimes across the country was a reaction by the
poverty-threatening population to have basic needs. The study further showed that more than 70 percent of
Nigeria's youths who engaged in criminal activities realized that criminal activities are veritable economic
activities. The study equally revealed that systemic poverty keeps people perpetually in drought, and
traumatized them. And, that poverty has a psychological influence and controls people’s thoughts, it pushes
people to look for alternative ways of solving their problems, including harming others. And, those who have
their desires and expectations in the areas of economic survival thwarted and cannot get their needs through
legal means, may alternatively seek illegal means. The study concluded that there are strong connections
between poverty and criminal activities that permeate the country. And if proactive steps are not urgently
taken, the criminal perpetration may submerge the country. The study recommended that an economic
summit should be convocated to discuss the economic future of the country and to address the issue of
inequality.
A BRIEF ANALYSIS OF THE EU ENERGY DEPENDENCY IN TERMS OF CONVENTIONAL RESOURCES
Authors: TOPLICEANU Stefan-Catalin , POSTOLACHI Andrei-Teofil
Published: February 2025

Energy has been an important and priority subject for the European Union, while the Ukrainian
war have intensified the member countries' uncertainties about the energy security. This paper aims to
highlight the EU countries energy dependency on conventional resources. In this regard, this study presents
a brief analysis regarding the 27 EU member states' domestic production, trade and consumption of
conventional energy resources, especially oil products, natural gas and solid fossil fuels, for the period 20142022. The results show that there are differences between EU countries in terms of domestic production,
internal consumption and trade. Although the situation for solid fossil fuels is optimistic, most EU countries
need to rely on imports of petroleum products and natural gas from Russia in order to cover their
consumption needs
PROJECT EXECUTION AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN SELECTED AREA COUNCILS IN NIGERIA
Authors: APEH Paulina Eleojo , OTU Joseph Ayi
Published: February 2025

Local government administration has been described as a vital vehicle to achieving sustainable
development at the grassroots. This study seeks to examine project execution and rural development in
Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja. The core objectives of the study to examine the perception of the
rural dwellers on developmental project execution in FCT-Abuja, impact of projects execution on rural
development in FCT-Abuja and factors influencing project execution and rural development in FCT-Abuja.
The study adopted survey research whereby questionnaire was administered to residents in selected area
councils in FCT-Abuja. Taro Yamane formula was used to arrive at a sample size of 400 out of a total
population of 3,067,500. Data gotten through questionnaire were arranged in tables, pie chart and analyzed
using simple percentage and mean average. Secondary data elicited from journal articles, books and official
documents were analyzed using desktop research method. The study found out that majority of the
respondents in the selected area councils were dissatisfied about projects executed by area councils where
they reside. Also, poor project conception, planning, misappropriation of funds, financial corruption and
inadequate project management experts were significant factors affecting project execution and rural
development in area councils in FCT-Abuja. The study recommended that social media and other media
platforms can be used by area councils’ authorities to disseminate the progress reports of area councils’
developmental projects so that the local peoples’ perception can be changed positively. Lastly, wellarticulated projects conception, planning, involvement of professional project managers, adequate
monitoring and evaluation of project expenditure can improve execution of projects and rural development
in FCT-Abuja.
OIL PRODUCTION AND CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE NIGER-DELTA REGION: SYNERGIC IMPLICATION AND ADAPTATION
Authors: ARAUSI Roseline Eniwotu , CLARK Esekumuemu Victor , IKENGA Francis A.
Published: February 2025

This study examines the interplay between oil production activities and climate change in the Niger
Delta Region (NDR), highlighting the resulting environmental, socioeconomic, and infrastructural
vulnerabilities. The NDR, rich in natural resources and central to Nigeria’s petroleum and gas industry,
paradoxically suffers from environmental degradation, biodiversity loss, and stagnated socioeconomic
growth. Employing the vulnerability-resilience framework, rooted in socio-environmental studies, the
research explores the intersection of oil production and climate change, emphasizing the disruption of
ecological balance and the need for resilience-building. Oil production has intensified environmental
degradation, exacerbated climate change, and posed challenges such as health risks, socioeconomic
disruption, and reduced livelihoods. This synergistic relationship has deepened the region's vulnerability,
especially in coastal oil-host communities. Efforts to adapt and mitigate these impacts have yielded limited
success due to persistent vulnerability driven by national revenue priorities and the unchecked expansion of
oil production. The study underscores the urgent need for innovative, community-centered adaptation
strategies and a climate-induced migration framework tailored to the coastal oil-host communities. These
approaches require collaboration among governments, oil industries, local communities, and international
organizations. By addressing the specific vulnerabilities of the region, these measures can improve the
resilience and quality of life for local communities, support sustainable development, and restore ecological
balance.
REVISITING THE PERSPECTIVES AND FUNCTIONS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN NIGERIA’S QUEST FOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
Authors: CHIOKE Stephen Chinedu , ANAZODO Rosemary Ogomegbunam , EZEANOLUE Amara Grace , MBAMALU Kingsley Uchenna
Published: February 2025

Although, the roles of the grassroot government in community development have been explored;
but an up-to-date analysis on the specific objectives of this paper is unavailable. Consequently, the specific
mandates of this paper are tripartite: to examine the concept of community development and associated
perspectives/angles of community development; to highlight the roles of local governments in community
development; and to relay the hindrances hindering local governments from performing its function of
implementing and fostering community development. Rooted in participatory theory and qualitative research
design; the paper made pertinent findings and observations regarding the objectives of the paper. On the
perspectives, the following angles of community development were analyzed: Community development as
provision of basic infrastructure, community development as community building, and community
development as neighborhood regeneration. Re-examining the functions of local government in community
development, this paper observed that local government is an agent of mass mobilization and participation.
Revisiting the perspectives and functions of local government in Nigeria therefore highlights the need for
further reforms aimed at strengthening local governments for effective community development as local
governments have been unable to truly become vehicles of: mass mobilization, massive economic growth and
development, and social and economic justice in Nigeria.
The Use of YouTube as a Supplementary Resource for Informatic Engineering Students in Speaking Skills
Authors: Sholikhi Fu’ad , Primasari Yusniarsi , Primasari Fany Octa Briliani
Published: February 2025

The integration of audio-visual elements in educational resources has garnered significant interest, given their potential to enhance language learning efficiency. This study delves into the innovative use of such audio-visual tools, specifically YouTube, in speaking classes for students from non-English departments. The shift from conventional in-class language learning to online platforms, a change accelerated by the global Covid-19 pandemic, has revolutionized learning methodologies. This research offers a glimpse into the perspectives of ten Informatics Engineering students on utilizing YouTube videos for English language learning outside the traditional classroom setting. Employing a qualitative research methodology, the investigators conducted comprehensive interviews and classroom observations. The initial phase of data analysis involved data reduction, which was subsequently followed by further data condensation and conclusion derivation. The findings suggest that the majority of participants agreed on the significant influence of YouTube on their speaking class. Despite a handful of students facing network-related challenges, the study underscored that this web-based platform served as a valuable, cost-free supplementary resource for the speaking class.
Exploring the Challenges Faced by ESP Students in Writing Academic Essay
Authors: Rachmawati Dwita Laksmita , Fadhilawati Dian
Published: February 2025

Academic writing plays a fundamental role in both school and university settings, serving as a primary means of communication and assessment across disciplines. This research employed a qualitative approach to investigate the challenges encountered by ESP students, particularly economics students in composing English academic essays. This research was conducted in East Java, Indonesia. The qualitative component involved the documentation, semi-structured interview, and analysis of students' English essays to ascertain these obstacles and semi structured interview. There are 10 second-semester students selected as participants of this study enrolled in the Management Study Program from one private university in East Java, Indonesia during the academic year 2023/2024. The analysis of students' essay writing problems reveals several key areas of concern. These include issues with organization (writing format), task completion, originality, content and discourse, and writing mechanics. ESP students often face challenges in academic essay writing due to gaps in specialized vocabulary, grammar, and unfamiliarity with academic conventions, exacerbated by limited practice and insufficient feedback. To address these issues, educator should provide targeted language support, integrate writing-intensive courses, offer detailed feedback, and establish accessible writing resources.
The Analysis of Mood and Speech Function in the Tenth-grade English Textbook of Senior High School
Authors: Azkia Zukhrufa Zahra Wina , Sarwanti Sri , Rekha Agnira
Published: February 2025

This study is intended to analyze the narrative texts involved in the tenth-grade English textbook published by the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture In this case, this research only focuses on mood types and speech functions. This qualitative study uses discourse analysis. The writer analyzed the data using three stages outlined by Miles and Huberman (2014). The first process is data condensation, during which the writer selects, focuses, simplifies, abstracts, and transforms. In the second phase, the author presents the data using a coding system.The final step is to draw a conclusion or verify it. The writer in this step calculated the data into percentage and gives the description to describe the percentage. From the data and the analysis has done, there are 214 clauses found in the three narrative texts in the tenth-grade English textbook published by Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture. Therefore, the dominant mood used in the narrative texts in the tenth-grade English textbook published by the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture is the declarative mood, with a total number of 191 clauses with a percentage of 89,25%. For the speech function, the percentage of the statement clauses was 89,25% (191 statements were found). The dominant speech function used in the narrative texts in the tenth-grade English textbook. This study has some consequences for how teachers choose words while teaching. The teacher might use a precise format when instructing the students so that they recognize what the teacher is saying. Furthermore, teachers must be able to select the appropriate words while expressing, asking, offering, and demanding while teaching English to students in the classroom so that the students can understand the teachers' statements, commands, questions, and offers.
Pemenuhan Nafkah Keluarga dengan Suami Gangguan Mental Perspektif Iṡtisna’iyat At-Taklif
Authors: Devi Elvira Rahma , Nashirudin Muh
Published: February 2025

This study explores the fulfillment of family needs in two households in the village of Mendak, where the husbands suffer from mental disorders and the wives have to earn a living. The study also discusses the concept of Iṡtisna’iyat At-Taklif, which exempts individuals with mental disorders from legal obligations. This field research involved interviews with these wives, neighbours, and village officials, as well as related literature studies. The results show that the wives of men with mental disorders must work to meet their family's needs, with assistance from family, neighbours, and the village government. In terms of legal capability, the husbands in this study have fluctuating legal competence depending on their conditions. These cases fall under the "awaridh ahliyyah samawi" category (obstacles arising from outside the individual), with variations in the type of their mental disorders.
AbstrakPenelitian ini mengeksplorasi cara pemenuhan nafkah bagi dua keluarga di desa Mendak, di mana suami mengalami gangguan mental dan istri harus mencari nafkah. Studi ini juga membahas konsep Iṡtisna’iyat At-Taklif, yang mengecualikan orang dengan gangguan mental dari beban hukum. Penelitian lapangan ini melibatkan wawancara dengan istri-istri tersebut, tetangga, dan pejabat desa, serta studi literatur terkait. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa istri dari pria dengan gangguan mental harus bekerja untuk memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga, dengan bantuan dari keluarga, tetangga, dan pemerintah desa. Dalam hal kapabilitas hukum, suami dalam studi ini memiliki kecakapan hukum yang berfluktuasi tergantung pada kondisi mereka. Kasus ini termasuk dalam kategori "awaridh ahliyyah samawi" (hambatan yang timbul dari luar diri individu), dengan variasi dalam jenis gangguan mental mereka.
Peran Perempuan Desa dalam Mitigasi Kebakaran Hutan
Authors: Hamzah Amir , Zulkarnain Zulkarnain
Published: February 2025

Despite the fact that women do not experience any direct harm, forest fires have significant and detrimental effects on them whenever necessary. The impact on women is disproportionate, and these fires cause significant disruption to various aspects of life, including social, economic, and health. Consequently, the objective of this investigation is to assess the extent to which women are involved in the management of forest and land fires. This study employed a multifaceted approach to data collection in order to enhance comprehension of the impact and dynamics of The Power of Mama (PoM) program. Secondary social data collection was one of the primary methods employed. This involved the examination of existing records and statistics to provide a comprehensive understanding of the social, demographic, and economic characteristics of the village and its residents. This offered a fundamental comprehension of the community's circumstances prior to the commencement of the PoM program. These findings demonstrate that, as demonstrated by initiatives such as The Power of Mama, women's contributions are substantial in the mitigation of fires. It is essential that governments and organizations collaborate to safeguard and empower women in order to effectively prevent and mitigate forest fires.
 
Abstrak
Meskipun perempuan tidak terpengaruh secara langsung, kebakaran hutan memiliki dampak yang luas dan berbahaya terutama pada mereka. Kebakaran ini menyebabkan banyak gangguan terhadap berbagai aspek kehidupan, seperti sosial, ekonomi, dan kesehatan, dan dampaknya terhadap perempuan sangat tidak proporsional. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keterlibatan perempuan dalam menangani kebakaran hutan dan lahan. Untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang dampak dan dinamika program The Power of Mama (PoM), studi ini menggunakan pendekatan multi-segi dalam pengumpulan data. Salah satu metode utama yang digunakan adalah pengumpulan data sosial sekunder; ini melibatkan menganalisis catatan dan statistik yang ada untuk memberikan latar belakang karakteristik sosial, demografis, dan ekonomi desa dan penduduknya. Sebelum program PoM dimulai, ini memberikan pemahaman dasar tentang kondisi masyarakat. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa, seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh program seperti The Power of Mama, keterlibatan perempuan sangat besar dalam mengurangi kebakaran. Sangat penting bagi pemerintah dan organisasi untuk bekerja sama dalam melindungi dan memberdayakan perempuan untuk memitigasi dan mencegah kebakaran hutan secara efektif.
Social Movement and Economic Reforms in Africa; A Study of Kenya and Nigeria
Authors: Fiase Mercy Erdoo , Favour Shom Shoon , Sunday Igah
Published: February 2025

The surge of extensive protests that have taken place across Africa since 2020 is concerning and centers on demands for improved socioeconomic conditions, elections, and human rights abuses. This indicates that lingering issues and persistent challenges are fueling these demonstrations, particularly as it was estimated that 577 protests occurred in West Africa alone in 2020. Thus, the study was conducted to analyze social movements and economic reforms in Africa, focusing on Kenya and Nigeria. The paper utilizes the relative deprivation theory and made use of both quantitative and qualitative data. Utilizing data acquired from primary and secondary sources, the research revealed that the protests in Kenya stemmed from the dissatisfaction among citizens regarding the economic situation and the government’s perceived disregard for their struggles, which has been escalating for years. Triggered by contentious proposed tax increases, the movement expanded into a broader campaign for enhanced governmental accountability. Some individuals are calling for the resignation of the entire government. The protests against poor governance can be linked to the implementation of economic reforms, particularly the elimination of fuel subsidies and the devaluation of the Naira following the removal of its peg to the US dollar under President Bola Tinubu, which aimed to liberalize the Nigerian economy and draw in foreign investment. Additionally, the protests in Kenya and Nigeria exhibited a violent aspect, with recent mass demonstrations culminating in chaos. The findings also indicated that the social movement had significant effects on the socio-political and economic advancement of both nations. Numerous lives were lost during the protests. Properties valued in millions of naira were damaged across the two countries. The study further indicated that the Kenyan government’s response was praiseworthy, as it acquiesced to the public’s demands by announcing the withdrawal of the finance bill. In contrast, the Nigerian government’s reaction to the protests on August 1st was rapid, with security forces deployed in significant numbers throughout various cities. Consequently, the government, as indicated in the President’s address, did not yield to any of the protesters’ demands. The paper suggests that the Nigerian and Kenyan governments should establish social safety nets and welfare initiatives for their citizens to provide immediate assistance to the most vulnerable groups, ensuring their access to fundamental necessities, thereby reducing occurrences of social movements that lead to the destruction of lives and property, which hinders socioeconomic development.
Diversity and Inclusion in Economics in United Kingdom Higher Education
Authors: Aisien Prof Leonard Nosa
Published: February 2025

The Equality Act of 2010 provides a legal framework promoting diversity and equity within UK higher education. The Act aims to eliminate unlawful discrimination and ensure fairness, equity, and inclusivity in the United Kingdom. However, several studies have revealed discrimination and a lack of diversity in UK higher education. This study examined the state of diversity and inclusion in the field of economics in UK universities, a discipline highly influential in global policy formulation, using secondary data from the Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA). The importance of having a diversified economics profession cannot be overemphasized. Greater diversity in economics provides opportunities for people of diverse backgrounds to contribute new and innovative ideas to tackle the ever-changing challenges facing the economy and society. The findings from this study however show that that economics lacks diversity relative to other disciplines such as Law, Art and humanities, languages, management, and social sciences. The field of study is still male-dominated, and the BAEM groups and people from lower socioeconomic backgrounds are also underrepresented. This paper therefore aligned with the call for a targeted mentorship programme for the underrepresented groups in economics, decolonisation and internationalisation of economics curriculum, broadened and inclusive admission policies for economics, and stronger collaboration with specific organisation hiring economics graduates to organise industry-specific workshops on practical industry-relevant skills.
EKOENZIM DAN LILIN AROMATERAPI SEBAGAI PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH RUMAH TANGGA DALAM RANGKA PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT KAMPUNG INGAS, KARANGTURI, SEMARANG
Authors: Anggraini Baiq Aprilia Noor
Published: February 2025

Limbah organik menjadi salah satu jenis limbah yang paling banyak dihasilkan oleh rumah tangga. Data statistik menyatakan rumah tangga ternyata dinobatkan sebagai sumber utama sampah tertinggi. Rumah tangga berkontribusi sebesar 39,82% dari total sampah di Indonesia. Kulit sayur, kulit buah, minyak jelantah, dan lain-lain merupakan contoh dari limbah organik tetapi kebanyakan orang tidak memedulikan manfaat dari limbah organik ini. Limbah organik rumah tangga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pembuatan enzim ramah lingkungan. Salah satu enzim ramah lingkungan yang bermanfaat adalah ekoenzim yang menjadi salah satu primadona setelah diketahui bahwa selain manfaatnya yang begitu banyak, akan tetapi melalui pembuatan ekoenzim berarti juga turut andil dalam menjaga lingkungan. Ekoenzim bermanfaat karena merupakan produk ramah lingkungan yang mengandung anti jamur, anti bakteri, agen insektisida serta agen pembersih. Selain limbah organik berupa kulit sayur atau kulit buah, ada satu lagi limbah organik rumah tangga yang perlu mendapat perhatian yaitu minyak jelantah. Apabila minyak jelantah dapat ditanggulangi dengan baik maka minyak jelantah dapat dipergunakan sebagai bahan dalam pembuatan suatu produk salah satunya lilin aromaterapi. Mitra kegiatan ini adalah masyarakat Kampung Ingas, Kelurahan Karangturi, Kota Semarang. Metode pelaksanaan dilakukan dengan tiga tahap yaitu: sosialisasi produk, pelatihan pembuatan ekoenzim dan lilin aromaterapi, terakhir pemasaran produk. Luaran dari kegiatan ini menghasilkan keterampilan untuk mengolah limbah rumah tangga menjadi produk sederhana yang memiliki nilai ekonomis yaitu membuat ekoenzim dan lilin aromaterapi.
Edukasi Perawatan Jenazah dengan Metode Demonstrasi dalam Upaya Peningkatan Pemahaman Syariat Islam
Authors: Moch. Hasan sidqi  , Hasmi Nur Bayhaqi  , Iszanul Dani Nurdiansyah  , Amir Bandar Abdul Majid  , Yusron Maulana El-Yunusi
Published: February 2025

Perawatan jenazah adalah tindakan yang perlu untuk dipelajari karena dalam agama islam hukumnya adalah wajib apabila tidak terdapat orang yang melaksanakan. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman tentang perawatan jenazah secara teori dan meningkatkan pemahaman tentang perawatan jenazah secara praktek di Pondok Pesantren Nurul Mushofa Desa Tambak Lekok dan MTs Darun Najah Desa Tampung Lekok Pasuruan. Riset dasar aktivitas pengabdian ini dilaksanakan menggunakan metode Participatory Action Research. Hasil dari pengabdian ini menunjukkan bahwa santri di Pondok Pesantren Nurul Mushofa Desa Tambak Lekok dan siswa MTs Darun Najah Desa Tampung  Lekok Pasuruan meningkat pemahaman tentang perawatan jenazah teori serta praktek.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Literasi Membaca Dan Menulis Ayat Al-Qur’an Siswa Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah Awaliyah (MDTA) Nagari Sawah Tangah
Authors: Jannah Zahratul , Jihan Safitri  , Ummul Huda
Published: February 2025

Madrasah Diniyah Takhmiliyah Awaliyah (MDTA) adalah Madrasah Diniyah setingkat SD/MI untuk siswa-siswi sekolah Dasar. Peran Madrasah Diniyah Takhmiliyah Awaliyah dalam menyelenggarakan pendidikan keagamaan sangat berarti bagi masyarakat sekitar, hal ini dikarenakan sebagian besar anak-anak yang berada di lingkungan peran Madrasah Diniyah Takhmiliyah Awaliyah tersebut tidak sepenuhnya mendapat pengetahuan agama di sekolah mereka masing-masing. Sama halnya dengan Madrasah Diniyah Takhmiliyah Awaliyah (MDTA) di daerah-daerah lain, MDTA di Sawah Tangah juga mengajarkan materi-materi bidang keagamaaan kepada siswa dimana yang paling utama adalah membaca al-qur’an. Sayangnya, dari hasil pantauan dan pengamatan yang dilakukan  oleh mahasiswa KKN dari UIN Mahmud Yunus Batusangkar kebanyakan siswa-siswi di MDTA Nagari Sawah Tangah masih belum lancar memahami al-qur’an terutama dalam hal membaca,  mengenali, melafazkan huruf hijaiyah dan menentukan tajwid pada setiap bacaan al-qur’an tersebut. Tujuan pelaksanaan kegiatan peningkatan kemampuan literasi membaca dan menulis ayat al-qur’an siswa MDTA Nagari Sawah Tangah adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca dan menulis ayat al-qur’an siswa di MDTA Nagari Sawah Tangah. Pelaksanaan kegiatan literasi membaca dan menulis ayat al-qur’an pada siswa MDTA Nagari Sawah Tangah dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode metode ceramah, tanya jawab, pembiasaan, dan latihan. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 30 Agustus-9November 2024 yang dilaksanakan setiap hari jum’at dan sabtu pada pukul 14.00-15.30 Wib. Hasil dari pelaksanaan kegiatan peningkatan kemampuan literasi membaca dan menulis ayat al-qur’an siswa Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah Awaliyah (MDTA) nagari sawah tangah yaitu siswa sudah lancar dalam mempelajari dan memahami al-qur’an. Kemampuan membaca dan menulis siswa yang awalnya rendah setelah dilakukan kegiatan ini kemampuan siswa menjadi meningkat. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan menerapkan kegiatan tersebut dapat meningkatkan literasi siswa dalam membaca dan menulis terutama pada ayat al-qur’an.
PENDAMPINGAN PELATIHAN INSTRUKTUR SENAM BAGI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI NAGARI PADANG MAGEK
Authors: Safrizal Safrizal , Melfadila Melfadila , Agustia Sindi , Suryani Suryani
Published: February 2025

Senam merupakan latihan fisik yang dirancang secara sengaja dan terencana, disusun secara sistematis untuk membentuk serta mengembangkan tubuh secara harmonis. Aktivitas ini menjadi salah satu olahraga yang populer di kalangan masyarakat. Menjaga kesehatan jasmani sangat penting bagi seluruh masyarakat oleh karena itu kami melaksanakan program kerja nyata yaitu pendampingan pelatihan instruktur senam.  Tujuan kegiatan pendampingan pelatihan instruktur senam setiap minggu pagi yang diadakan oleh mahasiswa PLB di Jorong Guguak Gadang Nagari Padang Magek pada setiap hari Minggu pagi, agar anak-anak  bisa menjadi instruktur senam di sekolahnya. Metode penelitian ini adalah menggunakan pendekatan Participatory Action Research (PAR), penelitian melibatkan partisipasi anak- anak dan mahasiswa PLB. Kesimpulan dari hasil pengapdian ini adalah terlaksananya pelatihan instruktur senam serta tercapainya penguasaan dan pengajaran senam anak-anak dinagari Padang Magek
A Rare Case Giant Infected Aneurysm in a 51-Year-Old Woman with History of Left Ear Pain, Facial Drooping, and Ear Surgery Revealed by Computed Tomography
Authors: Handayani Lina , Rahayu Rachmi Fauziah , Hanafi Muchtar , Fauzi Adam
Published: February 2025

Infected aneurysms, though rare, present significant challenges in contemporary medical practice. Coined by Sir William Osler in 1885, the term “mycotic aneurysm” encompasses infections of native arteries and preexisting aneurysms, posing life-threatening risks of arterial rupture and recurrence. We discuss a case involving a 51-yearold woman with a giant infected aneurysm, highlighting the complexities in diagnosis. The patient presented with bleeding from her left ear, a fluctuating neck mass, and decreased hearing. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) played a crucial role in revealing the infected giant aneurysm in the left internal carotid artery, associated with arteriovenous malformation and fistula. Additionally, incidental findings included aneurysms in the right internal carotid and bilateral vertebral arteries. The case underscores the importance of a high index of suspicion and advanced diagnostic tools for timely and accurate diagnosis. The rarity of experienced centers in managing such cases, coupled with a lack of consensus in diagnostic criteria, poses challenges for treatment improvements.
LHPL as Substitute for FBS in Stem Cell Culture by FC
Authors: Rashid Najwa Abdur , Cordero W Mary Anne , Praba Mary Antony , Ganesh Kavitha , Hasnaoui-Saadani Raja El , Venkataramaniah  , Julius Angeline
Published: February 2025

With the advent of regenerative medicine, new methods for treating many incurable diseases might be used to replace damaged, dead, or diseased cells using cell-based methodologies. Mesenchymal stem cells possess immunomodulatory, tissue-protective, and pro-angiogenic properties that make them highly promising for cell-based therapies. Umbilical cord tissue (UCT) is the most common source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) used for explant culture because of its potential for ex-vivo proliferation. Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is the conventional and promising present medium used to culture the MSCs. It is derived from the blood of cow fetus on cardiac puncture without anaesthesia that causes a lot of pain and discomfort to the fetus. This makes its availability limited for research work. Also using a xenogeneic supplement like a foetal bovine serum (FBS) to grow MSCs outside the body increases the risk of zoonotic infection transmission and unfavourable immunological reactions. The self-life of MHC is also very limited. A lot of research is going on to find an alternate to FBS of the above reasons like, human serum, adult bovine serum, lyophilized human platelet lysate (LHPL and chemical formulations. Our research here experimented the potency of lyophilized human platelet lysate (LHPL) as an alternate for FBS in culturing MSCs by using flow cytometry and proved, LHPL is a non-xenogeneic growth supplement with a longer self-life that will sustain the development of MSCs effective and can be stored and reconstituted on demand.
КАЗАХСТАНСКИЙ КИНЕМАТОГРАФ В СОЦИОКУЛЬТУРНОМ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ЗРИТЕЛЯ
Authors: Бакеева Мадина , Пошанов Жасулан
Published: February 2025

Введение. Казахстанский кинематограф  как предмет социокультурного анализа представляет особый интерес, как для создателей кинопродукта, так и для кинокритиков и социологов. Новизной работы является рассмотрение и анализ казахстанского кинематографа в контексте глобализации и восприятия зрителем современных моделей кинопроизводства. Обоснованы преимущества использования социологического подхода при анализе влияния киноиндустрии на формирование культурно-ценностных ориентиров зрителя; выявлены предпочтения зрителей к определенным жанрам.
Методы. В основу методологической базы исследования положены общенаучные принципы объективности и системности. При рассмотрении кинематографа как важной части социально-культурной составляющей общества использован структурно-функциональный подход, описательный метод, аналитическое реферирование специализированных сайтов.
Результаты. С появлением искусственного интеллекта  масштабно меняются технологии кинопроизводства, развиваются интернет-платформы, предлагающие широкие возможности доступа к кинопродукции. Наряду с этим важными остаются идеологическая ценность и коммерческая прибыльность. В связи с этим проанализирован вопрос восприятия кинопроизведения современными зрителями, особое внимание уделено изучению социологической характеристики кино. Таким образом, всесторонне рассмотрены особенности казахстанского кинематографа в социокультурном пространстве.
Заключение. Наравне с фундаментальными изменениями в эволюции кинематографа, неизменно актуальным остаются его границы и практика. Поэтому особенно важны современные теоретические подходы, которые позволяют шире изучать кинематографическую практику и ее интерпретации,  имеющие особое значение не только для понимания искусства кино, но и для социально-культурологического осмысления.
Performance Analysis of Stock Market on Economic Growth in Nigeria (1992 – 2022)
Authors: Owolabi Adesegun , Ajayi Oluwaseyi
Published: February 2025

This study investigated the short run effect, long run effect and causal
relationship between stock market and economic growth in Nigeria.
The study made used of secondary data, which were sourced from
Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). Ordinary Least Squares, ADF Unit RootThe
Test and ARDL co integration bond tests were applied to the variables. The OLS
result showed that the market capitalization had a significant and positive
relationship with economic growth, it also showed that a long run relationship
exists between the stock market performance and economic growth in Nigeria in
the long run. The study suggested some of the possible reasons for the negative
impact of stock market on the Nigerian economic growth and recommended
that efforts should be made to improve the stock market performance to have a
positive effect on the real gross domestic product of Nigeria overtime.