bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A simple, practical experiment to investigate atomic wavefunction reduction within a Stern–Gerlach magnet
Authors: Devereux Michael
Published: June 2024

For nearly one hundred years most quantum-mechanics texts have depicted a continuous, spin-direction superposition of the wavefunction of the silver atom traversing a Stern–Gerlach (S–G) magnet. But there are sound scientific arguments which deny that understanding. Schrodinger’s equation for that continuous wavefunction development cannot describe the transfer of energy from the magnetic field to that atom. Modern micro-fabrication techniques now make it possible to implement a simple, accessible experiment testing whether a spin superposition does continue in the magnet. Because the S–G experiment is the prototype for quantum measurement, that observation is crucial to implementing a realistic quantum theory of measurement.
Emerging metasurfaces for refractometric sensing: fundamental and applications
Authors: Zhang Lei , Tu Shijuan , Fu Qin , Yu Quan , Wang Yuanli , Sun Song , Du Qingguo , Li Zhengying
Published: June 2024

Metasurfaces are designed to introduce strong light matter interactions by anomalously manipulating the properties of light at subwavelength scale, which have been employed to enhance performances in various sensing techniques, such as chiral sensing, surface-enhanced spectroscopy, and infrared absorption, among others. In recent decades, the label-free metasurface based refractometric sensor has been an active research field for biosensing, chemical sensing and gas sensing, owing to its non-invasive nature, real-time characterization and convenient operation principle, which significantly suppress the potential contamination to target species compared to other sensing methods (e.g. fluorescence sensing). In this review, we briefly discuss the recent advances on metasurface refractometric sensors, including their physical principles, device structures and characterizations, and focus on their associated applications in biochemical and gas sensing.
Design and analysis of ultra-wideband miniaturized metamaterial absorbers for radiation suppression
Authors: Li Yan , Wu Yunxi , Zhang Ling , Li Da , Yu Guoliang , Qiu Yang , Zhou Haomiao , Li Erping
Published: June 2024

This paper presents a novel miniaturized ultra-wideband metamaterial absorber with a thickness of 0.069λ
L thick, engineered to suppress electromagnetic radiation in high-frequency chip packaging. The absorber’s bandwidth is enhanced through the incorporation of lumped resistors and patterned metal strips. Simulation results reveal an absorption efficiency exceeding 90% across the frequency range of 17.3–33.5 GHz, while maintaining polarization insensitivity and angular stability. The absorption mechanism is investigated using equivalent circuit theory and the S-parameter inversion method, which demonstrate consistent impedance matching and advantageous loss characteristics throughout the wide band. Relevant objects were meticulously prepared and tested, yielding a high correlation between the measured and simulated results. The proposed absorber, when integrated into package chips and patch antennas, significantly reduces the far-field electric field amplitude in both applications. Specifically, the packaged chip shows up to 19.7 dB of electromagnetic radiation suppression and the patch antenna structure achieves over 10 dB of radiation suppression in the 24.2 GHz–30.4 GHz range post-integration. These results affirm the absorber’s efficacy in effectively reducing unwanted electromagnetic radiation in specified frequency bands within complex electromagnetic environments. The absorber’s demonstrated effectiveness provides a promising approach to address the increasing issue of electromagnetic radiation in progressively miniaturized electronic devices.
D meson production in p+Pb collisions with the analytical transverse momentum distribution from the color dipole models*
Authors: Wang Hong-Min , Wang Yan-Zhao , Sun Xian-Jing
Published: June 2024

D meson production in proton–lead (p+Pb) collisions is globally investigated within the color dipole framework. To simplify the Fourier transform, the analytical transverse momentum distribution functions extracted from different color dipole models are used. With the Glauber–Gribov method, the impact parameter dependence is considered for the nuclear modification of the gluon density. We obtain from comparison with recent experimental data from the LHCb and ALICE Collaborations that the theoretical results from the Kovchegov, Lu and Rezaeian (KLR) model are in good agreement with the experimental data at small P
T, and the results from the Golec–Biernat–Wüsthoff (GBW) and Bartels, Golec-Biernat and Kowalski (BGK) model are reasonable at all rapidity bins. Then, the influence of the initial-state energy loss effect on D meson production in p+Pb collisions is analyzed. A clear reduction of the nuclear modification factor is shown at backward rapidity. Finally, the predictive results for D0 and D+ production differential cross section versus rapidity (Y) in p+Pb collisions are given.
Integration of silicon nanostructures for health and energy applications using MACE: a cost-effective process
Authors: Gupta Shubham , Mishra Dhaneshwar , DasMahapatra Suddhendu , Singh Kulwant
Published: June 2024

Silicon in its nanoscale range offers a versatile scope in biomedical, photovoltaic, and solar cell applications. Due to its compatibility in integration with complex molecules owing to changes in charge density of as-fabricated Silicon Nanostructures (SiNSs) to realize label-free and real-time detection of certain biological and chemical species with certain biomolecules, it can be exploited as an indicator for ultra-sensitive and cost-effective biosensing applications in disease diagnosis. The morphological changes of SiNSs modified receptors (PNA, DNA, etc) have huge future scope in optimized sensitivity (due to conductance variations of SiNSs) of target biomolecules in health care applications. Further, due to the unique optical and electrical properties of SiNSs realized using the chemical etching technique, they can be used as an indicator for photovoltaic and solar cell applications. In this work, emphasis is given on different critical parameters that control the fabrication morphologies of SiNSs using metal-assisted chemical etching technique (MACE) and its corresponding fabrication mechanisms focusing on numerous applications in energy storage and health care domains. The evolution of MACE as a low-cost, easy process control, reproducibility, and convenient fabrication mechanism makes it a highly reliable-process friendly technique employed in photovoltaic, energy storage, and biomedical fields. Analysis of the experimental fabrication to obtain high aspect ratio SiNSs was carried out using iMAGEJ software to understand the role of surface-to-volume ratio in effective bacterial interfacing. Also, the role of silicon nanomaterials has been discussed as effective anti-bacterial surfaces due to the presence of silver investigated in the post-fabrication energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis using MACE.
Haze factor of silver nanowires in variable refractive index environment: experimental and simulation approaches
Authors: Crêpellière J , El Hachemi M , Menguelti K , Adjeroud N , Gerard M , Bouton O , Lunca Popa P , Michel M , Leturcq R
Published: June 2024

While silver nanowires (Ag NWs) have been demonstrated as a highly efficient transparent conducting material, they suffer from strong light scattering, which is quantified by a large haze factor (HF) in the optical spectrum. Here we investigate the influence of the dielectric environment on the light scattering of Ag NWs by comparing experimental measurements and simulations. In air, two peaks on the HF spectra are observed experimentally at the wavelength of λ
I = 350 nm and λ
II = 380 nm and are attributed by simulations to the influence of the Ag NWs pentagonal shape on the localized surface plasmon resonance. The relative intensity between the two peaks is found to be dependent on whether the Ag NWs are in contact with the glass substrate or not. The HF behaviour in the near IR region seems to be dominated by Rayleigh scattering following simulations results. Dielectric environments of Ag NWs with various refractive indexes were obtained experimentally by the conformal deposition of different metal oxide coatings using atomic layer deposition, including Al-doped zinc oxide, Al2O3 and SiO2 coatings. The HF is found to be correlated with the refractive index environment in terms of HF peaks position, intensity and broadening. This trend of HF peaks is supported by a theoretical model to understand the optical mechanism behind this phenomenon.
Hydrogen isotope effects on recombination dominant plasmas in NAGDIS-II
Authors: Shi Jielin , Kaizawa Hideki , Uematsu Yuta , Tanaka Hirohiko , Kajita Shin , Ohno Noriyasu , Sawada Keiji , Ding Hongbin
Published: June 2024

The detachment processes of the hydrogen (H) and deuterium (D) plasmas are comparatively investigated in the linear plasma device NAGDIS-II. The laser Thomson scattering measurements demonstrate that the recombination rate of the H plasma is greater than that of the D plasma as the neutral pressure increases in the molecular activated recombination (MAR) dominant detachment phase. As the recombination process by MAR is strongly dependent on the vibrational and rotationally excited states of the molecule, the rovibrational quantum state populations of the H and D molecules are measured using the Fulcher-αband spectroscopy. The results indicate that the vibrational temperature in the electronic ground state is considerably higher than the rotational temperature during detachment. The reaction rate coefficients for MARs due to charge exchange chains (CX-MAR) and dissociative attachment chains (DA-MAR) are calculated by the collision-radiation model under the measured temperature conditions. It can be observed that the CX-MAR is larger than the DA-MAR for both H and D, and that the CX-MAR of H is larger than the CX-MAR of D at electron temperaturesTeabove 1 eV. In consideration of the experimentally observed vibrational and rotational excitation temperatures, the reaction rate coefficients of CX-MAR and DA-MAR are increasing in the lowTeregion. These calculations are in accordance with the experimental results, which indicate that recombination processes due to MAR are more predominant in the H plasma compared to the D plasma. Furthermore, a transition from MAR to electron–ion recombination processes is observed in the D plasma atTebelow 0.5 eV.
A novel dragonfly wing shape auxetic tubular structure with negative Poisson’s ratio
Authors: Augusto Gomes Rafael , Antonio de Oliveira Lucas , Brendon Francisco Matheus , Ferreira Gomes Guilherme
Published: June 2024

Mechanical structures abilities to absorb and dissipate energy have a variety of applications in daily life, including the ability to dampen mechanical vibrations and shock effects. In the present study, inspired by the dragonfly wing (DFW) shape, a novel auxetic unit cell was developed with the goal of proposing a novel structure with a lower stress concentrator and consequently increasing energy absorption. The negative Poisson’s ratio behavior was also studied. The DFW shaped unit cells were applied in a tubular structure, and the experimental samples were produced utilizing an additive manufacturing process with polylactic acid filament. To validate the ability to absorb energy of the novel unit cell, a comparison was proposed with the classical reentrant auxetic tubular structure following two different parameters: weight and the number of unit cells being developed in two different DFW structures. The study of the novel unit cell was performed using finite element analysis and experimental testing, and excellent agreement was observed between them. As a result, the bio-inspired DFWs shape in both configurations proposed when compared to the classical reentrant presented an excellent result in terms of absorbing energy, where the structure with the same quantity of unit cells and the structure with the same weight respectively absorb 163% and 79% when compared to the classical Reentrant, finally the new structure presented the negative Poisson’s ratio of −0.5, presenting an auxetic behavior and being able to resist more force and displacement
Thickness effect on superconducting properties of niobium films for radio-frequency cavity applications
Authors: Bianchi Antonio , Bonura Marco , Carlos Carlota P A , Leith Stewart , Rosaz Guillaume , Senatore Carmine , Venturini Delsolaro Walter
Published: June 2024

Niobium-coated copper radio-frequency cavities are cost-effective alternatives to bulk niobium cavities, given the lower material costs of copper substrates and their operation in liquid helium at around 4.2 K. However, these cavities historically exhibited a gradual degradation in performance with the accelerating field. This phenomenon, not yet fully understood, limits the application of niobium thin film cavities in accelerators where the real-estate gradient needs to be maximized. Recent studies on niobium films deposited on copper using high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) technique show promising results in mitigating the performance degradation of niobium thin film radio-frequency cavities.

This paper examines the effect of film thickness on the superconducting properties of niobium films deposited on copper using HiPIMS. The study provides insights into how the critical temperature, transition width, lower and upper critical fields, and critical current density vary with the film thickness. Increasing the thickness of niobium films deposited through HiPIMS is found to enhance superconducting properties and reduce densities of defects and structural irregularities in the crystalline lattice. This shows potential for enhancing overall performance and potentially mitigating the observed performance degradation in niobium thin film radio-frequency cavities. Additionally, the Ivry’s scaling relation among critical temperature, thickness, and sheet resistance at the normal state appears applicable to niobium films up to approximately 4 µm. This extends the previously confirmed validity for niobium films, which was limited to around 300 nm thickness.
Stability analysis of fractional relativistic polytropes
Authors: Aboueisha Mohamed S , Saad A S , Nouh Mohamed I , Kamel Tarek M , Beheary M M , Gadallah Kamel A K
Published: June 2024

In astrophysics, the gravitational stability of a self-gravitating polytropic fluid sphere is an intriguing subject, especially when trying to comprehend the genesis and development of celestial bodies like planets and stars. This stability is the sphere’s capacity to stay in balance in the face of disruptions. We utilize fractional calculus to explore self-gravitating, hydrostatic spheres governed by a polytropic equation of state

P
=
K

ρ

1
+
1
/
n

.

We focus on structures with polytropic indices ranging from 1 to 3 and consider relativistic and fractional parameters, denoted by σ and α, respectively. The stability of these relativistic polytropes is evaluated using the critical point method, which is associated with the energetic principles developed in 1964 by Tooper. This approach enables us to pinpoint the critical mass and radius at which polytropic spheres shift from stable to unstable states. The results highlight the critical relativistic parameter (

σ

C
R

) where the polytrope’s mass peaks, signaling the onset of radial instability. For polytropic indices of n = 1, 1.5, 2, and 3 with a fractional parameter

α
=
1
,

we observe stable relativistic polytropes for

σ

values below the critical thresholds of

σ

C
R

=

0.42, 0.20, 0.10, and 0.0, respectively. Conversely, instability emerges as

σ

surpasses these critical values. Our comprehensive calculations reveal that the critical relativistic value (

σ

C
R

) for the onset of instability tends to increase as the fractional parameter α decreases.
A higher-order generalization of an

A

4

(
1
)

-surface type q-Painlevé equation with

W

˜

(

(

A

2
N

⋊

A

1

)

(
1
)

×

A

1

(
1
)

)

symmetry
Authors: Nakazono Nobutaka
Published: June 2024

Recently, a birational representation of an extended affine Weyl group of

A

2
N

⋊

A

1

1

-type, which gives a higher-order generalization of an

A

4

1

-surface type q-Painlevé equation, was obtained. In this paper, we extend it to a birational representation of an extended affine Weyl group of

A

2
N

⋊

A

1

1

×

A

1

1

-type. Moreover, we provide conjectures on periodic reductions from systems of PΔEs with the CAC property to Painlevé type q-OΔEs.
New models of d-dimensional black holes without inner horizon and with an integrable singularity
Authors: Estrada Milko , Alencar G. , Crispim Tiago M. , Muniz C.R.
Published: June 2024

Theoretically, it has been proposed that objects traveling radially along regular black holes (RBHs) would not be destroyed because of finite tidal forces and the absence of a singularity. However, the matter source allows the creation of an inner horizon linked to an unstable de Sitter core due to mass inflation instability. This inner horizon also gives rise to the appearance of a remnant, inhibiting complete evaporation. We introduce here a d-dimensional black hole model with Localized Sources of Matter (LSM), characterized by the absence of an inner horizon and featuring a central integrable singularity instead of an unstable de Sitter core. In our model, any object tracing a radial and timelike world-line would not be crushed by the singularity. This is attributed to finite tidal forces, the extendability of radial geodesics, and the weak nature of the singularity. Our LSM model enables the potential complete evaporation down to r
h = 0 without forming a remnant. In higher dimensions, complete evaporation occurs through a phase transition, which could occur at Planck scales and be speculatively driven by the Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP). Unlike RBHs, our model satisfies the energy conditions. We demonstrate a linear correction to the conventional area law of entropy, distinct from the RBH's correction. Additionally, we investigate the stability of the solutions through the speed of sound.
Gravitational wave probes of Barrow cosmology with LISA standard sirens
Authors: Asghari Mahnaz , Allahyari Alireza , Mota David F.
Published: June 2024

We study the Barrow cosmological model, which proposes that quantum gravity effects create
a complex, fractal structure for the universe's apparent horizon. We leverage the
thermodynamics-gravity conjecture. By applying the Clausius relation to the apparent horizon of
the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker universe within this framework, we derive modified field
equations where the Barrow entropy is linked to the horizon. We assess the Barrow cosmology
against current observations — cosmic microwave background, supernovae, and baryon acoustic
oscillations data — and include projections for future Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA)
standard sirens (SS). Our numerical results suggest a modest improvement in the Hubble tension for
Barrow cosmology with phantom dark energy behavior, compared to the standard cosmological
model. Furthermore, incorporating simulated LISA SS data alongside existing observational
constraints tightens the limitations on cosmological parameters, particularly the deformation
exponent.
Determination of liquid viscosity based on dual-frequency-band particle tracking
Authors: Yan 闫 Lihua 丽华 , Xue 薛 Boyin 博引 , Li 李 Yuanji 渊骥 , Feng 冯 Jinxia 晋霞 , Wu 武 Xingkang 兴康 , Zhang 张 Kuanshou 宽收
Published: June 2024

An optical-tweezers-based dual-frequency-band particle tracking system was designed and fabricated for liquid viscosity detection. On the basis of the liquid viscosity dependent model of the particle’s restricted Brownian motion with the Faxén correction taken into account, the liquid viscosity and optical trap stiffness were determined by fitting the theoretical prediction with the measured power spectral densities of the particle’s displacement and velocity that were derived from the dual-frequency-band particle tracking data. When the SiO2 beads were employed as probe particles in the measurements of different kinds of liquids, the measurement results exhibit a good agreement with the reported results, as well as a detection uncertainty better than 4.6%. This kind of noninvasive economical technique can be applied in diverse environments for both in situ and ex situ viscosity detection of liquids.
Frequency-modulated continuous-wave multiplexed gas sensing based on optical frequency comb calibration
Authors: Jia 贾 Linhua 琳华 , Qu 曲 Xinghua 兴华 , Zhang 张 Fumin 福民
Published: June 2024

Laser absorption spectroscopy has proven to be an effective approach for gas sensing, which plays an important role in the fields of military, industry, medicine and basic research. This paper presents a multiplexed gas sensing system based on optical frequency comb (OFC) calibrated frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) tuning nonlinearity. The system can be used for multi-parameter synchronous measurement of gas absorption spectrum and multiplexed optical path. Multi-channel parallel detection is realized by combining wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques. By introducing nonlinear optical crystals, broadband spectrum detection is simultaneously achieved over a bandwidth of hundreds of nanometers. An OFC with ultra-high frequency stability is used as the frequency calibration source, which guarantees the measurement accuracy. The test samples involve H13C14N, C2H2 and Rb vapor cells of varying densities and 5 parallel measurement experiments are designed. The results show that the measurement accuracies of spectral absorption line and the optical path are 150 MHz and 20 μm, respectively. The scheme offers the advantages of multiplexed, multi-parameter, wide spectrum and high resolution detection, which can realize the identification of multi-gas components and the high-precision inversion of absorption lines under different environments. The proposed sensor demonstrates great potential in the field of high-resolution absorption spectrum measurement for gas sensing applications.
The Effect of Temperature and Packaging on the Characteristics of Black Garlic During Storage
Authors: Sailah I , Nugroho NF , Tallei TE
Published: June 2024

The transformation of garlic into black garlic is a simple process that yields products beneficial to human health. The curing process, conducted at a temperature of 60-90°C for 14 days in a rice cooker, alters the garlic’s physicochemical properties. The aim of this research was to study changes in physicochemical properties during storage using various packaging types and to determine optimal storage conditions. Two different types of packaging (PET jar and Aluminium pouch were used, at different temperatures (10, 25, and 30°C). The experimental results revealed that both temperature and packaging significantly influenced moisture content. Over the course of 42 days, the average increase in water content ranged from 13% to 22% for all treatments. During storage, the biological phenomenon still occurred, and it caused changes in chemical properties. It suggests that a biological process converting sugars into acids was underway, although the changes were insignificant when using PET jar packaging at a temperature of 10°C. In conclusion, this study found that moisture content, hardness, levels of reducing sugars, and acidity total, all changed during seven weeks of storage, and the content of reducing sugars decreased, whilst acidity total increased. The best storage conditions were determined to be at 10°C using PET packaging.
Carbon Footprint in the Agri-Food Industry in Indonesia: An Analysis of Current Trends and Future Directions
Authors: Hendriadi Agung , Benyamin Boni , Jusuf Djafar M , Yohanes Heryoki , Badrul Jamal Irpan , Koeslulat Ermi E , Sumarno Lanjar , Budiyanto Agus , Purna Raharjo Yogi , Hadipernata Mulyana
Published: June 2024

The agri-food industry in Indonesia plays a crucial role in socio-economic development. It contributes 37% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the non-oil and gas processing industry sector. However, the agri-food industry contributes to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of about 10-12% of total anthropogenic greenhouse gases. It is predicted to increase, along with food consumption needs. These GHG emissions contribute to climate change and threaten the food industry’s sustainability. The purpose of this research is to examine existing trends and future direction of the carbon footprint in the agri-food industry and propose future recommendations for research and policy in reducing the carbon footprint of the agri-food industry in Indonesia. Combining a review of existing literature and an analysis journals related to the topics to find the research gaps, we found an increasing trend of carbon footprint from the agri-food industry in Indonesia between 2007 and 2023, in which food processing, packaging, transportation, and waste management are significant contributors to the agri-food supply chain. There are several recommendations to reduce the carbon footprint when research is essential, such as adopting more efficient product processing, packaging technologies, and improved waste management.
Green Synthesis of Silica Nanoparticles (Si-NPs) from Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) and its Application to Purification Water: A Review
Authors: Wardanu AP , Indrasti NS , Suprihatin
Published: June 2024

Increasing the volume of palm oil production impacts the amount of waste the palm oil industry produces. This waste, if handled properly, will have a positive impact on the environment. Boiler efficiency and energy value can be increased while reducing solid waste and fossil fuel emissions by using shells and fibres as fuel. However, burning biomass as boiler fuel leaves residue as palm oil fuel ash (POFA) and is generally thrown away. POFA contains silica and can be extracted and synthesized into silica nanoparticles (Si-NPs) by process engineering. Si-NPs derived from agricultural waste or renewable sources are environmentally friendly and have unique properties such as high surface area, adjustable pore diameter, and excellent chemical and thermal stability. These properties make Si-NPs ideal for water purification, and this paper reviews recent advances in the synthesis of Si-NPs using POFA, future research directions, and challenges in the application of Si-NPs for water purification. This review compiles information from research articles on the current synthesis of environmentally friendly Si-NPs as study material to develop and utilize POFA waste as a biomaterial in fabricating filtration membranes in water purification.
Design of retort pouch packaging and shelf life estimation for commercial sterilized mutton tongseng by MSMEs
Authors: Sugiarto  , Muslich  , Widiaputri F F
Published: June 2024

Processed livestock products have a crucial role in the community as the secondary source of animal protein, followed by fishing goods. Goat meat is frequently cooked in many ways such as satay, soup, stew, tongseng, and other dishes. Nevertheless, the availability of pre-packaged goat meat products is limited due to the fact that they are mostly prepared on a made-to-order basis. HnR Food is a Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) that specializes in the production of commercially sterilized Ready to Eat (RTE) food products. Manufacturing RTE (Ready-to-Eat) products pose significant difficulties, particularly for MSMEs as it necessitates meticulous sterilization and packaging procedures to guarantee high quality and extended shelf life. The ASLT Arrhenius model was employed to conduct shelf life testing. The retort pouch bag packaging was compatible with the specified sterilization procedure and provided a cost-effective substitute for cans. The shelf life of mutton tongseng in the retort pouch bag was found to be 93 days or roughly 3 months at a temperature of 25°C. However, if stored at a temperature of 4°C, the shelf life could be extended to 170 days or approximately 6 months.
Effectiveness of Value-Added Input-Output Method in Upstream and Midstream Supply Chain Network of Sunflower Agro-industry
Authors: Nurhasanah Nunung , Natilla Adlina Ginang , Ibnah Mudrikah Isna , Chirzun Ahmad , Kumala Sriwana Iphov
Published: June 2024

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L) is an annual shrub that grows up to three meters high. Sunflower agro-industry has high potential economic value. Sunflower seeds produce oil that can be extracted and used as a raw material in the food, pharmaceutical, bioenergy, and cosmetic industries. The problem is the low availability of superior local seeds, so it must be imported. The impact of imports is the low value-added. Therefore, this study aims to determine and measure the value-added of sunflowers in the upstream and midstream networks. The methods are Hayami and BPS input-output, also aims to identify the effectiveness of these two methods.. The results of value-added on sunflower seeds, cooking oil, herbal oil, and animal feed by the Hayami and the BPS input-output each are IDR6,000 (40%) and IDR24,005,528 (20%), IDR4,900 (26%) and IDR41,377,013 (23%), IDR21,000 (60%) and IDR117,653,333 (38%), IDR3,500 (86%) and IDR23,996,000 (100%). it is better to calculate using the BPS method because it is more detailed and clear in all aspects of the sunflower agroindustry, while using the hayami method only focuses on sales and labor. In the future, this research will be developed by designing sustainability improvement to reduce environmental impacts; performing value-added calculations for derivative products in the downstream supply chain network; also developing a decision support system.
Agro-Industrial Sustainability through Business Model: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Ermawati Tuti , Yoga Edi Ragil
Published: June 2024

The agro-industrial sector makes a significant contribution to economic growth. However, availability, quality, processing and marketing of agro-industrial products remain a challenge. Research on agro-industrial business models has been widely conducted, but those discussing through a systematic literature review (SLR) approach are still limited. This paper aims to analyze the current business models in the agro-industrial sector and evaluate their sustainability, specifically business models that are currently popular in the agro-industry sector and demonstrate the highest level of sustainability. This study applies SLR by reviewing 33 Scopus documents obtained through VOSviewer version 1.6.20. Bibliometric analysis was used to make thematic observations. The results demonstrates that there is a robust correlation between documents pertaining to agro-industry and business models indicated by 13 co-citation articles. In addition, co-occurrence analysis shows there has been four major business models in agro-industrial sectors, namely agro-industry as part of sustainable development; agro-industrial linked to the agriculture sector; digital-based business models; and the agro-industrial complex. Finally, this paper provides recommendations for further research into the business model of the agro-industrial complex.
Analysis and design of smart food packaging monitoring model based on chipless RFID sensor
Authors: Wisudawaty P , Djatna T , Sugiarto
Published: June 2024

Logistics plays a crucial role in shaping the efficiency and effectiveness of business operations. The manual monitoring approach often entails labor-intensive procedures, leading to inefficiencies and ineffectiveness within the logistics sector. The incorporation of sensors into product packaging holds the potential to benefit consumers by ensuring freshness and quality. Simultaneously, it enables retail industries to manage their inventory and verify product authenticity more effectively. Chipless RFID sensors, a wireless technology, offer advantages as a data input medium in the series of activities involved in product distribution systems. The amalgamation of sensor technology and RFID introduces novel prospects for overseeing and controlling perishable products. This study introduces an intelligent radio frequency label equipped with a sensor capable of measuring temperature and humidity. The purpose of this research is to analyze and design a chipless RFID-based product quality monitoring system. The research methodology begins with an identification system, an analysis of the interaction between stakeholders, and analysis and design using SAP Power Design. The implementation of chipless RFID involves industry, chipless RFID architecture, and buyers, as well as the primary environment of the system. Business Process Modeling and Notation Diagrams describe the flow of material and data between actors and describe their processing to produce quality data and information.
Procurement Planning of Coffee Bean at Small Scale Agro-Industry in Kalibaru Banyuwangi Regency
Authors: Khotijah  , Djatna Taufik , Marimin
Published: June 2024

Procurement planning with forecasting techniques is constructive for the agro-industry in dealing with price fluctuations and uncertainty in the availability of quality raw materials and controlling procurement costs. However, not all agro-industries can implement procurement planning accurately and precisely because it is unsuitable for the data characteristics and limited data. This study aims to forecast the amount of raw material needed for KUB Srikandi in the future using the ARIMA Model. The results of the study show that there are two models in the ARIMA family: ARIMA (1,1,0) and ARIMA (0,1,1), both of which have significant parameters with p-values below 0.05. But the ARIMA (0,1,1) model is the best model, according to the results of the model with the lowest Mean Squared Error (MSE) value among all the models that were looked at. The purchase planning quantitative analysis results are 191 kg/month at the lower limit and 213 kg/month at the upper limit.
Enhancing competitiveness in the Indonesian meat processing industry: a literature review
Authors: Wattie Yosaphat , Suparno Ono , Raharja Sapta
Published: June 2024

Ensuring access to nutritious food and maintaining high standards in food supply is essential for the expanding population of Indonesia, as outlined in Law No. 18 of 2012. Within the framework of the National Industrial Development Master Plan (RIPIN) for the years 2015–2035, the meat processing industry plays a pivotal role. The surge in income levels, changes in dietary habits, and the growth of modern retail outlets have increased the demand for processed meat products in the country. However, the industry faces obstacles such as low levels of meat intake and a heavy dependence on imported raw materials, highlighting the need for a well-rounded strategy to boost competitiveness, encourage consumption, and tackle nutritional issues. This literature review delves into the Indonesian meat processing industry’s competitiveness, addressing the need for strategic enhancements to meet domestic and global demands. It identifies key challenges, including the reliance on imported raw materials and limited export market expansion. Through a comprehensive literature review, it explores strategic frameworks and innovative approaches, emphasizing the Industrial Competitiveness Index (ICI), SWOT analysis, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for strategic decision-making. Recommendations include investment in technology and innovation, enhancing supply chain sustainability, market diversification, skill development, and regulatory support. The paper concludes that a multifaceted strategy integrating these elements can significantly boost Indonesia’s meat processing industry’s competitiveness and sustainability.
Enrichment and Characterization of Sheep Caecum Mixed Lactic Acid Bacteria as Potential Direct-fed Microbials (DFMs) in Livestock
Authors: Alifa F R , Kurniawati A , Bachruddin Z , Luberina F A
Published: June 2024

Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) have been widely used as feed supplements in the form of live bacteria or Direct-fed microbials (DFMs) which are expected to have a positive impact on livestock productivity. However, each LAB strain has different characteristics so its ability to influence its host livestock will also be different. This research aims to characterize the LAB enrichment process obtained from the caecum of sheep. The sheep caecum LAB underwent re-inoculated while being enriched in MRS broth medium. After obtaining the LAB isolates, characterization was carried out in the form of pH measurements, total plate count, bacteriocin production, and bacterial kinetic growth. The results showed that LAB could be grown from the digesta of sheep caecum as seen from the decrease in the average pH of the growth medium reaching pH 4.14 with a bacterial colony count of 6,01 log CFU/ml. The grown LAB had a Ks value of 0.24 μM glucose and a μmax value of 2.69 OD. Apart from that, the clear zone test showed a positive result. In conclusion, Enrichment of mixed LAB cultures from sheep caecum has decreased environmental pH by 33%. Sheep caecum mixed LAB culture has easy growth characteristics and antimicrobial activity so it can be a suitable alternative DMF candidate. Further research focusing on the application of this LAB strain is needed to be able to determine the effect of bacteria on livestock.
Effect of Tropical Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. cv Kacang Ratu BW) on the Blood Profile in Hybrid Ducks
Authors: Fatimah D N , Murod M , Fiki M T , Abdillah F , Kaswari S , Khairunisa I. L , Salsabila Z I , Juniardi R , Suwignyo B
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to determine the effect of the use tropical alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. cv Kacang Ratu BW) meal in feed on the blood profile in hybrid ducks. 72 day-old duck were reared for 42 days using stage cages. Ducks were randomly divided into three treatments with four replications and each of the replication consisted of six hybrid ducks. The treatment in this study used tropical alfalfa powder in formulated basal diet with different levels. The study was conducted with three treatments including AL0: 0% tropical alfalfa (control), AL4: 4% tropical alfalfa, and AL8: 8% tropical alfalfa. The feed was given at the age of eight days and adapted to the needs of the ducks. Data observed were blood profile in the form of total erythrocytes, total leukocytes, hemoglobin levels, hematocrit values, heterophil levels, lymphocyte levels and H/L ratio of hybrid broiler ducks. All data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis. Statistical analysis used nonparametric tests using Kruskal-Wallis and further tests using Man Whitney for data that were significantly different between treatments. The results showed that the use of tropical alfalfa meal had no significant effect (P>0.05) on total erythrocytes, total leukocytes, hemoglobin levels, hematocrit values, heterophil levels, lymphocyte levels and H/L ratio of hybrid broiler ducks. It can be concluded that the use of tropical alfalfa meal up to 8% in hybrid duck feed did not effect on blood profile.
Sheepskin gelatin-based edible film: the use of soybean oil as a plasticizer
Authors: Hasdar Muhamad , Nalinanon Sitthipong , Sriket Chodsana
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to develop edible films based on sheepskin gelatin, incorporating soybean oil as a plasticizer. Treatment was divided into three groups, namely GO1, GO2, and GO3, each containing soybean oil at 0%, 2.5%, and 5% (v/v). A homogenizer was used to combine gelatin from sheepskin and soybean oil. Then, ultrasound was applied to form edible films. The results showed that adding soybean oil increased the films thickness, opacity, water resistance, and moisture content. However, it decreased the transparency and swelling of the films. It also did not affect the water activity of the films. The GO3 sample had the highest L* value, a*, and b* values. It also had the lowest ∆E value, which indicated that it was close to the color of the original material. The peak wavenumbers changed after adding soybean oil, especially in the amide A and fingerprint regions. A notable shift occurred at the peak wavenumber of 1744.94 cm−1, which represented the vibrational stretching of C=O in triglycerides. The produced edible film had low flexibility, but it serves as a valuable reference for developing safe and practical films using gelatin sheepskin with natural oils as plasticizers.
Assessing the Efficacy of Chicken Fat as a Fatliquoring Agent in the Tanning Process of Puffer Fish Skin
Authors: Wibowo R L M S A , Wulandari D , Yuliatmo R
Published: June 2024

In Indonesia, chicken fat is derived from the residue of broiler chicken production. This residue serves as a fatliquoring agent, presenting an intriguing avenue for study. This study aims to investigate the application of chicken fat as a fatliquoring agent in the leather production process, particularly in comparison to commonly used fatliquors such as Derminol SPE (manufactured fatliquor) and fish oil (natural fat). The chicken fat is extracted into a fatliquoring solution, and the crude fat content is subsequently tested. Chemical and physical quality tests are conducted on leather treated with fatliquors derived from chicken fat, Derminol SPE, and fish oil. The use of chicken fat as a fatliquoring agent results in puffer fish skin with discernible differences in chemical and physical qualities compared to those treated with other fatliquors. Specifically, puffer fish skin treated with chicken fat exhibits lower fat content, tear strength, and tensile strength. The findings suggest that while chicken fat presents a viable alternative as a fatliquoring agent, its application yields leather with distinct properties when compared to traditional fatliquors. The implications of these differences warrant further examination in the context of leather production and product performance. In conclusion, the utilization of chicken fat in the fatliquoring process offers novel possibilities for leather production. However, the observed differences in chemical and physical qualities underscore the need for comprehensive assessments to understand its full implications on product performance and industry practices.
Association between neighborhood stressors and allostatic load in breast cancer survivors: the pathways study
Authors: Sangaramoorthy Meera , Samayoa Cathy , Inamdar Pushkar P , Roh Janise M , Valice Emily , Hong Chi-Chen , Kwan Marilyn L , Ambrosone Christine B , Kushi Lawrence H , Gomez Scarlett Lin , Shariff-Marco Salma
Published: June 2024

Allostatic load (AL) is an intermediary outcome through which neighborhood drivers of health may impact cancer survivorship outcomes. We examined associations of neighborhood stressors and AL in 2553 women with breast cancer recruited into the Pathways Study in 2006-2013. AL score was derived from biomarkers in the cardiovascular, metabolic, and immune domains of physiologic stress measured within 3 years after baseline. Neighborhood data were appended to participants’ geocoded baseline addresses. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate associations between neighborhood stressors and risk of higher AL score. Adjusting for age and stage, high AL was positively associated with low versus high neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES; OR = 2.24; 95% CI, 1.61-3.12) and green space (OR = 1.55; 95% CI, 1.18-2.03), high versus low traffic (OR = 1.32; 95% CI, 1.01-1.72), crime (OR = 1.32; 95% CI, 1.05-1.67), household crowding (OR = 1.57; 95% CI, 1.22-2.01), and more versus no fast-food restaurants (OR = 1.50; 95% CI, 1.21-1.84). Associations remained for nSES and fast-food restaurants after coadjustment with other neighborhood stressors and for fast-food restaurants after additional adjustment with individual sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Our preliminary findings can inform future studies of the physiologic effects of neighborhood stressors, which collectively may help improve survivorship outcomes for the growing population of breast cancer survivors.
Associations between common contraceptive use and circulating inflammatory biomarkers
Authors: Mongiovi Jennifer M , Babic Ana , Sasamoto Naoko , Shafrir Amy L , Huang Tianyi , Townsend Mary K , Peres Lauren C , Tworoger Shelley S , Terry Kathryn L
Published: June 2024

Ovarian cancer incidence has declined in recent decades, due in part to oral contraceptive (OC) use and tubal ligation. However, intrauterine device (IUD) use has increasingly replaced OC use. As ovarian cancer is an inflammation-related disease, we examined the association of OC use, IUD use, and tubal ligation with plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6, and soluble tumor necrosis factor α receptor 2 in the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and NHSII. After adjusting for reproductive, hormonal, and lifestyle factors and mutual adjustment for other methods of contraception, there were no differences in inflammatory markers between ever and never use of each method. However, CRP levels decreased from an average of 30.4% (95% CI, –53.6 to 4.4) with every 5 years since initial IUD use (P-trend = .03), while CRP increased an average of 9.9% (95% CI, 5.7, 14.3) with every 5 years of use of OC (P-trend < .0001) as well as differences by body mass index and menopausal status. Our results suggest IUD use and tubal ligation are not associated with higher circulating inflammatory markers long term, although long duration of OC use may increase generalized inflammation, which may in part explain why its protective effect wanes over time.

This article is part of a Special Collection on Gynecological Cancer.
Sex-Specific Effects of Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) on the Perivascular Adipose Tissue
Authors: Lazaro C M , Freitas I N , Nunes V S , Guizoni D M , Victorio J A , Oliveira H C F , Davel A P
Published: June 2024

Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) increases the atherosclerosis risk by lowering HDL-cholesterol levels. It also exhibits tissue-specific effects independent of HDL. However, sexual dimorphism of CETP effects remains largely unexplored. Here, we hypothesized that CETP impacts the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) phenotype and function in a sex-specific manner. PVAT function, gene and protein expression, and morphology were examined in male and female transgenic mice expressing human or simian CETP and their non-transgenic counterparts (NTg). PVAT exerted its anticontractile effect in aortas from NTg males, NTg females, and CETP females, but not in CETP males. CETP male PVAT had reduced NO levels, decreased eNOS and phospho-eNOS levels, oxidative stress, increased NOX1 and 2, and decreased SOD2 and 3 expressions. In contrast, CETP-expressing female PVAT displayed increased NO and phospho-eNOS levels with unchanged NOX expression. NOX inhibition and the antioxidant tempol restored PVAT anticontractile function in CETP males. Ex vivo estrogen treatment also restored PVAT function in CETP males. Moreover, CETP males, but not female PVAT, show increased inflammatory markers. PVAT lipid content increased in CETP males but decreased in CETP females, while PVAT cholesterol content increased in CETP females. CETP male PVAT exhibited elevated leptin and reduced Prdm16 (brown adipocyte marker) expression. These findings highlight CETP sex-specific impact on PVAT. In males, CETP impaired PVAT anticontractile function, accompanied by oxidative stress, inflammation, and whitening. Conversely, in females, CETP expression increased NO levels, induced an anti-inflammatory phenotype, and preserved the anticontractile function. This study reveals sex-specific vascular dysfunction mediated by CETP.