bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NCBI adds searchable images database
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

On Wednesday the NCBI released an Images database, compiled from full text resources at the NCBI – initially PubMed Central articles. The images can be searched by several parameters, e.g. figure caption or author. Using this database, images are now displayed together with the PubMed abstract for PubMed Central articles. More info about these changes can be found in the NLM Bulletin.
Start Open Access Week with Kick-Off Video
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Find out more at the Open Access Week website. And watch this blog for another Open Access story later today.
Today I started a new blogging network
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

In the last few weeks I haven’t seen any announcement for a new science blogging network (the last one was probably Scientific American in September). So I thought today would be a good day to start a new one. Earlier today I wrote the first post on the first blog hosted by my institution.
Nature.com iPhone app updated
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Earlier this year I wrote about the Nature.com iPhone application that was released in February.
Paper published: Reference Management meets Web 2.0
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Cellular Therapy and Transplantation today published my paper Reference Management meets Web 2.0. Regular readers of this blog probably know about most of the things I talk about in the paper, but I hope it is a good introduction for those new to reference management.
ReaderMeter: researcher-level metrics based on readership
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

In a blog post last week, Dario Taraborelli officially announced ReaderMeter. ReaderMeter takes the usage data from reference managers (starting with Mendeley) to analyze the impact of publications by a particular author. ReaderMeter is a welcome addition to other metrics of researcher impact, most of which are citation-based. And ReaderMeter was hacked together in a few nights, so the service should improve over time.
Advice for scientists who want to become Wikipedia editors
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

This week PLoS Computational Biology published another helpful editorial in their 10 Simple Rules collection (https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000941): Ten Simple Rules for Editing Wikipedia. I have very rarely edited Wikipedia articles myself, and I suspect this behavior is the rule and not the exception among science bloggers.
PRISM – lobbying against open access
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

On August 23, the Partnership for Research Integrity in Science and Medicine or PRISM was announced. PRISM is a lobbying organisation created by the Professional & Scholarly Publishing Division (PSP) of the Association of American Publishers (AAP). The main purpose of PRISM appears to lobby legislators in Washington to not sign legislation that would require public access to all scientific papers within 12 months after publication.
Yale University drops Biomed Central membership – BMC responds
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Three days ago I blogged about Yale University dropping their Biomed Central (BMC) membership. Matthew Cockerill, the BMC publisher yesterday wrote a response. Briefly, he argues that the author-pays model is a viable business model for Open Access publishing and that the rising costs cited by Yale are simply a reflection of the increasing number of articles submitted to BMC. This is an important discussion.
Notes of a scientist from RailsConf Europe
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Earlier this month I attended RailsConf Europe in Berlin. RailsConf is a conference about Ruby on Rails, a programming framework to produce websites. I'm a part-time Ruby on Rails programmer and had a very interesting conference. Others have already written about RailsConf, so I want to focus on how it was like from a scientist's perspective.
More on online writing tools – Buzzword is different
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

I recently wrote about the potential of Google Docs and Zoho Writer als online writing tools for scientists.

Buzzword

is another web-based writing tool and last week was opened for new users. Buzzword is different, because it is based on Adobe Flash, which makes for a much nicer user interface. As expected, Buzzword doesn't handle references as flexible as Microsoft Word.
Adobe Share and Microsoft Office Live Workspace announced today
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Both Adobe and Microsoft today announced free web-based solutions for document sharing. Adobe Share uses the Flash technology to display various document formats. Tim O'Reilly has a nice writeup of the new service. Microsoft Office Live Workspace allows the sharing of Microsoft Office documents. Just as with Adobe Share, and in contrast to Google Docs, you can't directly edit documents online. Why should a scientist care about all this?
Nature in Nazi Germany 70 years ago: no open access
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Uwe Hossfeld and Lennart Olsson have just added a story from a dark time in German science to the History of Nature website. This article extends an earlier report from September 2006 that uncovered the story of how

Nature

was banned in Germany in November 1937. The arguments used by the German science minister Bernhard Rust at the time are not worth repeating – they are ideological rather than scientific arguments.
U.S. Senate passed bill with NIH open access mandate
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

The U.S. senate yesterday passed the FY2008 Labor, HHS, and Education Appropriations Bill. The bill includes provisions that make public access of all papers from NIH-funded research mandatory.
A case for Goobledygook
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Today I decided to rename my blog from Publish or Perish 2.0 to Goobledygook. The old name explained the topics of this blog pretty well, so why the change after only 4 months of blogging on Nature Network? And there are already many blogs with the same name. I simply like the new name. The word Goobledygook was invented by the U.S. congressman Maury Maverick and used in a New York Times article published May 21, 1944.
Writing a paper with Buzzword
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Buzzword is a free online word processor based on the Adobe Flash technology. I previously wrote about Buzzword and how it could be used to write a scientific paper. The first impressions were positive, so I decided to write my next paper with Buzzword. This paper has been submitted this week. What did I like and dislike about Buzzword?Good Most importantly, there is only one version of your manuscript.
Mandatory open access for NIH-funded research signed into law
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

U.S. President Bush today signed into law the federal spending bill that includes provisions for NIH-funded research. Final, peer-reviewed manuscripts of NIH-funded research have to be publicly available at PubMed Central no later than 12 months after publication. The Open Access mandate for NIH-funded research was voluntary since 2005. Fewer than 5% of research papers were actually made publicly available.
Science 2.0: the Scientific American perspective
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

M. Mitchell Waldrop has posted a draft version of an article called Science 2.0: Great New Tool, or Great Risk?. The article will appear in Scientific American (which, like the Nature Publishing Group, is owned by Macmillan). In this article he talks about the increasing use of Web 2.0 technologies in research. The largest part of the article is about Open Notebook Science and OpenWetWare in particular.
Duplicate Papers: another trick to improve your publication record
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Nature today published a report on the prevalence of duplicate papers in Medline. In this report Mounir Errami and Harold Garner estimate that there as many as 200.000 duplicate papers in Medline or 1% of all published papers. The article has already been widely cited, including of course Nature News and Nature Network, but also Noble Intent and DigitalKoans.
Just Science starts tomorrow
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Just Science is an effort to collect blog posts about science that are written within one week. Just Science 2008 will start tomorrow and ends February 8. Science bloggers that agree to participate should write one daily blog entry for these five days.
An easy online list of all your publications
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

There are many reasons to list all your publications online. Maybe you are looking for a new job or want to attract students to start their PhD in your lab. Usually you find this information on the home page of your laboratory or department, but several tools can automate this process.Nature Network You can list your publications in your Nature Network profile. Simply add the DOI or Pubmed ID in the form provided.
Are posters worth the effort?
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Posters are an important tool to communicate your research findings to a larger audience. The format is different from oral presentations or full papers, and special rules for a good poster apply. Posters can be an important step before a full publication, although many posters will never be peer-reviewed and published. The problem with posters is that they are second class citizens to oral presentations in most meetings.
Happy Pi Day
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

To celebrate the annual Pi Day, and in the good tradition of geeky music by scientists, I would like to draw your attention to the American Pi Song (lyrics are found here), best listened to at 1:59 PM today.
What is a PhD in Germany?
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Nature News this week reports that Seven US-educated scientists working at the Max Planck Society's institutes are facing criminal charges for impersonating a doctor. This extremely embarrassing story is fortunately no longer possible. The German Kultusministerkonferenz decided on March 6 (text in German) to allow U.S. PhDs to call themselves Dr. in Germany. Until this story evolved, I didn't even know that this is an issue.
Microsoft stops Live Search Academic
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Microsoft yesterday announced on the Live Search Blog that their Academic Search will be closed next week. And Google Scholar still has shortcomings, including the lack of special limitation features that are found in PubMed. A more detailed comparison of PubMed and Google Scholar can be found in this paper.
I like poster sessions
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

As I said before on this blog, I do like poster sessions. The poster sessions at the just finished American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting didn't offer food and drink, but were otherwise very enjoyable. The meeting is probably special because a lot of high quality research will be presented as poster, as there is just not enough time for enough oral sessions. Many of the poster presenters were senior faculty.
In which I became a conference blogger
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

The 20th International Congress of Genetics started in Berlin yesterday. This is the first time that I attend a meeting as a science blogger. An interesting experience since you look at the talks from a different perspective and you have to try to cover topics that are of general interest but often not really your area of expertise.
Why is genetics so difficult for students to learn?
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

This Sunday morning at the International Congress of Genetics, Tony Griffiths gave an interesting presentation with the above title. He identified 12 possible reasons why students have problems learning genetics. His main argument: students should learn concepts and principles and apply them creatively in novel situations (the

research mode

). Instead, too many details are often crammed into seminars and textbooks.
Do online journals narrow science and scholarship?
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

James Evans, a sociologist from the University of Chicago, reports his research on the kind and frequency of citations over the last 60 years in the latest issue of

Science

. He found a change in citation behavior as more and more journals became electronically available: fewer journals and articles were cited and the cited articles were more recent.
Edublogging at Science Blogging 2008: London
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

The Science Blogging 2008: London conference will highlight the wide variety of science blogging that has evolved in recent years.
First authorship by women in a German medical journal
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

The German medical journal Deutsches Ärzteblatt did an analysis of the percentage of female first authors over the last 50 years. The number was 0-4% as recently as 25 years ago, but there has been a yearly increase to 18% last year (see this figure), both for submitted and accepted manuscripts. This number corresponds to the percentage of female senior faculty in Germany, but 64% of students starting to study medicine last year were women.
Science Blogging in German
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Most scientific papers are now published in English, and I believe that this trend is good for international collaboration. Therefore I believe that blogs intended for scientists should also be written in English.
Edublogging for beginners
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

This blog entry is primarily intended for science educators that are interested in starting a blog for their teaching activities. Some of them will not be familiar with blogging and other web 2.0 tools. Not the typical audience of this blog, but I would greatly appreciate feedback, as I'm in the process of writing an article about this topic (in German).What is blogging and all this web 2.0 stuff?
How do you read papers?
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Working in science is as much about reading papers as it is about writing papers.
What are the right numbers for JUPITER?
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Results of clinical trials can sometimes not only change our understanding of the condition studied, but may also affect the way we practice medicine. The Justification for the Use of Statins in Primary Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin (

JUPITER

) is such a study.
German Genetics Society Meeting 2009: Session I
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

The second guest post from fellow science blogger Alex Knoll reporting from the German Genetics Conference currently held in Cologne.

The first session was all over the place in terms of topics. Starting off the meeting, Linda Partridge from the Institute of Healthy Ageing in London and the Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing in Cologne told us about the Genetics of Ageing.
German Genetics Conference 2009: Session II
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Another guest post from Alex Knoll reporting from the German Genetics Conference in Cologne.

Dusko Ehrlich fom Jouy en Josas in France started off the second session of the meeting. He is working with the MetaHIT project, which tries to do a metagenomic analysis of the human intestinal tract.
German Genetics Society Meeting 2009: Development Session
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Another guest post by Alex Knoll reporting from the German Genetics Society Meeting in Cologne.

This time I had to decide between two parallel sessions for the first time at this meeting. Plant genetics or Development? Coming from plant molecular genetics myself, there perhaps was a ready-made decision, but I decided otherwise.
German Genetics Society Meeting 2009: Session III
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Another guest post by Alex Knoll reporting from the German Genetics Society Meeting in Cologne.

The last session on Thursday was split into two talks by Philippe Sansonetti from the Institute Pasteur in Paris and Julian Parkhill from the Sanger Institute in Hinxton, Great Britain. Both talked about pathogenic microbes, but from a different perspective.
German Genetics Society Meeting 2009: Session VI
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Another guest post by Alex Knoll reporting from the German Genetics Society Meeting in Cologne.

Saturday had two more sessions before the end of the meeting. Irina Stancheva from the Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology at the University of Edinburgh started us into the day with a talk on epigenetics in mouse development. One form of epigenetic silencing is methylation of cytosine bases in DNA.
Software Citation Workflows
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

This blog post provides more detail for a short presentation I will give today at the

Software Credit Workshop

in London.
Auto-Update Has Arrived!
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

We will follow up with a blog post later this week explaining the DataCite auto-update implementation.

Since ORCID’s inception, our key goal has been to unambiguously identify researchers and provide tools to automate the connection between researchers and their creative works. We are taking a big step towards achieving this goal today, with the launch of Auto-Update functionality in collaboration with Crossref and DataCite.
We need your feedback: Aligning the CodeMeta vocabulary for scientific software with schema.org
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Metadata that describes scientific software in standard ways – in particular citation metadata such as title, authors, publication year, and venue – is essential for proper software citation implementation. The metadata should be generated by the software author, stored in the code repository, included in submissions to journals, and archived with the source code in a software archive.
DataCite Commons at your service
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

DataCite and the FREYA project partners are proud to announce the official launch of DataCite Commons today.
Making the most out of available Metadata
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Metadata are essential for finding, accessing, and reusing scholarly content, i.e. to increase the FAIRness [Wilkinson et al. (2016)] of datasets and other scholarly resources.
The DataCite MDC Stack
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

In May, the Make Data Count team announced that we have received additional funding from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation for work on the Make Data Count (MDC) initiative.
Powering the PID Graph: announcing the DataCite GraphQL API
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Today DataCite launches a new API that powers the PID Graph, the graph formed by scholarly resources described by persistent identifiers (PIDs) and the connections between them. The API is powered by GraphQL, a widely adopted Open Source technology that enables queries of this graph, addressing use cases of our community in ways that were not possible before.
2020 Strategic Priorities for Services and Infrastructure
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

In a blog post four weeks ago DataCite Executive Director Matt Buys talked about the DataCite strategic priorities for 2020 (Buys, 2020). In this post we want to talk a bit more about the strategic priorities for this year we have regarding services and infrastructure work: a) consolidation of our services and infrastructure, and b) stronger emphasis on member-driven product development.
Tracking the Growth of the PID Graph
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

The connections between scholarly resources generated by persistent identifiers (PIDs) and associated metadata form a graph: the PID Graph [Fenner & Aryani (2019)]. We developed this PID Graph concept in the EC-funded FREYA project, and have identified important use cases and technical requirements. In May, DataCite introduced a GraphQL API to standardize and simplify how users can contribute to and consume the PID Graph [Fenner (2019b)].
Using Jupyter Notebooks with GraphQL and the PID Graph
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Two weeks ago DataCite announced the pre-release version of a GraphQL API [Fenner (2019)]. GraphQL simplifies complex queries that for example want to retrieve information about the authors, funding and data citations for a dataset with a DataCite DOI. These connections together form the PID Graph [Fenner &
Exposing DOI metadata provenance
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

DOI metadata provenance is describing the history of a particular DOI metadata record, i.e. what changes were made when and by whom. This information is now stored and provided via an API for all DOI registrations since March 10, 2019.
Introducing the PID Graph
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Persistent identifiers (PIDs) are not only important to uniquely identify a publication, dataset, or person, but the metadata for these persistent identifiers can provide unambiguous linking between persistent identifiers of the same type, e.g. ...
Introducing DataCite JSON
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

All DataCite DOIs have associated metadata, described in the DataCite Metadata Schema Documentation (DataCite Metadata Working Group (2017)), validated and stored as XML in the DataCite Metadata Store (MDS). These metadata are then made available via DataCite APIs and services. For these services XML is not always the best format, and we are thus providing the metadata in other formats, most notably JSON.
Overcoming Development Pain
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Today DataCite received an email from a user alerting us that there are some small inconsistencies with our recommended data citation format:Creator (PublicationYear): Title. Publisher. Identifier at https://www.datacite.org/services/cite-your-data.htmlCreator; (PublicationYear): Title; Publisher.
Announcing the DataCite Profiles Service
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

DataCite Labs today is launching the DataCite Profiles service, a central place for users to sign in with DataCite, using their ORCID credentials. The first version of DataCite Profiles focusses on integration with ORCID via the

Search & Link

and

Auto-Update

services, described in a previous blog post.
Happy Birthday ORCID
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Three years ago today Open Researcher & Contributor ID (ORCID) launched its service at the Outreach Meeting in Berlin. One of many tweets from the launch day:Congrats to @orcid_org the ORCID registry is live (http://t.co/2lxn0nLa) ...
Data-Driven Development
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

This week I start as the new DataCite Technical Director. While I get up to speed with existing DataCite services and infrastructure, and we start to launch new services (e.g. this blog), this is also a good time to communicate the overall approach I am taking.
Explaining the DataCite/ORCID Auto-update
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

This Monday ORCID, CrossRef and DataCite announced (ORCID post, CrossRef post, DataCite post) the new auto-update service that automatically pushes metadata to ORCID when an ORCID identifier is found in newly registered DOI names. This is the first joint announcement by the three organizations, and shows the close collaboration between ORCID, CrossRef and DataCite.
Contributor Information in DataCite Metadata
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

The Force11 Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles (Data Citation Synthesis Group, 2014) highlight the importance of giving scholarly credit to all contributors: The EC-funded THOR project that DataCite is involved in addresses these issues, and I have summarized the findings of one of our first reports in a previous blog post.
A common API for retrieving DataCite Metadata
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Today we are launching a new version of the DataCite API at http://api.datacite.org. This new version includes numerous bug fixes and now includes related resources (e.g. data centers, members or contributors) according to the JSONAPI spec. The changelog can be found here. Current users of the API should watch out for breaking changes in the meta object used for faceting.
Thinking about CSV
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

This week some of us from DataCite are attending CSVconf in Berlin, and we are a conference sponsor and co-organizer. One important reason we are at CSVconf is that providing persistent identifiers and starndard metadata for research data, which in most cases are stored in tabular data formats such as CSV, is central to what DataCite is doing.
It's all about Relations
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

In a guest post two weeks ago Elizabeth Hull explained that only 6% of Dryad datasets associated with a journal article are found in the reference list of that article, data she also presented at the IDCC conference in February (Mayo, Hull, & Vision, 2015). This number has increased from 4% to 8% between 2011-2014, but is still low.
Data catalog cards: simplifying article/data linking
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Data citation is core to DataCite's mission and DataCite is involved in several projects that try to facilitate data citation, including THOR, Data Citation Implementation Pilot (DCIP), Research Data Alliance (RDA), and COPDESS. The biggest roadblock for wider data citation adoption might be insufficient incentives for individual researchers, but another major challenge is that implementing data citation is still too complicated.
A Content Negotiation Update
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

While it is a best practice for DOIs (expressed as URL) to send the user to the landing page for that resource (Starr et al., 2015), sometimes we want something else:

metadata

, e.g. to generate a citation, or to go to the

content

itself. The easiest way to do that is to use DOI content negotiation.
Announcing DataCite DOI Fabrica
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

Today DataCite is launching DOI Fabrica, the next generation of DataCite’s DOI registration service, replacing the Metadata Store (MDS). This is the biggest and most important product release DataCite has done in many years, and the result of nine months of hard work by the entire DataCite team. DOI registration is the core service that DataCite is providing to its members and the data centers they work with.
DOI Registrations for Software
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

We know that software is important in research, and some of us in the scholarly communications community, for example, in FORCE11, have been pushing the concept of software citation as a method to allow software developers and maintainers to get academic credit for their work: software releases are published and assigned DOIs, and software users then cite these releases when they publish research that uses the software.
Using bentonite for NPP liquid waste treatment
Authors: Bui Dang Hanh
Published: October 2021

During operation, nuclear power plants (NPPs) release a large quantity of water waste containing radionuclides required treatment for protection of the radiation workers and the environment. This paper introduces processes used to treat water waste from Paks NPP in Hungary and it also presents the results of a study on the use of Vietnamese bentonite to remove radioactive Caesium from a simulated water waste containing Cs
Using FRAPTRAN 1.5 code for safety evaluation of TVS-2006 fuel rod under transient conditions of VVER-1200 (AES-2006) reactor
Authors: Do Ngoc Diep , Phung Khac Toan
Published: October 2021

This article shows the results of important thermal-mechanical parameters related to the TVS-2006 fuel rod design which were analyzed and evaluated by using FRAPTRAN1.5 code. Based on the data given in the Preliminary Safety Analysis Report (PSAR) of AES-2006 (Novovoronezh NPP-2 Power Unit No.1)and FRAP-T (Fuel Rod Analysis Program-Transient), FRAPTRAN1.5 calculations of TVS-2006 fuel rod behaviors in Loss of Coolant Accidents and Reactivity-Initiated Accidents conditions have been made. The calculated results related to safety criteria of fuel element and cladding temperatures, cladding stress and strain, fuel enthalpy, local oxide thickness, gap gas pressure, and elongation of fuel rod have been compared with the ones given in AES-2006 PSAR. A good agreement has been observed between AES-2006 PSAR andFRAPTRAN1.5 calculations.
Integrasi Hukum Islam Di Kerajaan Demak Abad XVI M
Authors: Irfan Riyadi M , Umami Khairil
Published: October 2021

: The transfer of government from Majapahit to Demak at the end of the 15th century, as well as a transition from the Hindu era to the Islamic era, also gave birth to social, political, cultural, and legal transformations. The pattern of the penetration of Islam into peaceful Javanese culture, or penetration pacifique, has shown integration in all fields. Integration creates a stable and equilibrium condition. The question that then arises is how Demak produces laws that are able to create such stable conditions. It is important to do this on the fiber Suryangalam legal text of the Demak era. The purpose of this study is to identify the Serat Suryo Alam manuscript, explore Islamic law legislation in the text, and explain how the Islamic kingdom of Demak carried out social engineering to realize a just and peaceful society. Then to answer the problem, philological and historical methods are used, while the analysis uses content analysis with Talcott Parson's integration theory. This study concludes that: 1) the Suryo Alam manuscript is a legal text that can be found in the digitization of British Library manuscripts, 2) this manuscript contains legal, material, and judicial sources at the same time, and 3) social engineering can be measured by the stages of adaptation of Hindu and Islamic law, with the Trirasa Goal of efforts, legal integration, and efforts to maintain the law in people's social lives or latency. This stage gave birth to an equilibrium society of tata titi tentrem gemahripah loh jinawi kartaraharja.
Pembinaan dan Pengawasan Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan Daerah Otonomi Khusus di Papua
Authors: Kurniawan Ardy Barik Muhammad
Published: October 2021

This study aims to analyze the performance of the Directorate of Regional Arrangement, Special Autonomy, and the Regional Autonomy Advisory Council in fostering and supervising the implementation of special autonomy in Papua, analyzing the supporting factors and obstacles to the performance of the guidance and supervision carried out by the directorate as well as analyzing the strategy of guidance and supervision in the administration of local government. Special autonomy in Papua. Descriptive qualitative research design through an inductive approach. Data obtained from observation, documentation, and interviews with key informants were then analyzed using triangulation to analyze supporting and inhibiting factors and strategies, used SWOT Matrix and Litmus Test. Based on the results of data analysis, it is concluded that; (1) the directorate's performance in fostering and supervising the administration of the particular autonomous regional government in Papua has not been optimal; (2) performance supporting factors. Namely, organizational legality, human resources, leadership commitment, inter-institutional linkages, national priorities and access to coordination communication as well as performance inhibiting factors, namely, limiting regulations, limited funding, differences in employee orientation, national disintegration, 'span' of control which is far away, and the commitment between stakeholders is not optimal and; (3) the strategy resulting from this research is the "K5" strategy, namely strengthening in terms of Institutional, Communication, Coordination, HR Quality, and IT Quality. From this conclusion, the researcher provides suggestions, namely restructuring the directorate, preparing guidance and supervision instruments in the implementation of Papua's special autonomy, expanding cooperation networks or partnerships with stakeholders, developing digital-based information systems, facilitating employees to attend training or workshops, and a commitment to realizing the "K5" strategy.
Efektivitas Pengadaan Barang dan Jasa Melalui E-Catalogue di Kecamatan Kebayoran Lama Kota Administrasi Jakarta Selatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta
Authors: Ariesta Deby
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of E-Catalog procurement of goods and services in Kebayoran Lama District, South Jakarta Administration City, DKI Jakarta Province. This study uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through in-depth interview studies, observation, and documentation, during data collection techniques, data reduction, data display, and verification. This study indicates that the effectiveness of the procurement of goods and services of E-Catalogue has shown success, although it has not run optimally in its application, where efficiency and effectiveness are obtained in the indicators. From the aspect of time, the process of procuring goods and services for E-Catalogue is faster because it takes 1 week at most 3 weeks, conventionally it takes more than 4 weeks. in improving the performance of the number of procurement through E-Catalogue, the procurement process has not yet supported the SOP (Standard Operating System) to carry out an overall transformation, especially in relation to constraints in the electronic procurement system, having certification of procurement of goods and services in operation Computers need the assistance of other human resources to assist their implementation, due to the lack of ability to operate computers and the program and the participation of agencies in conducting the process of procuring goods and services electronically, they are not yet aware of the importance of carrying out the procurement process goods and services that are effective and efficient, the lesson that can be learned from this research is a strong commitment from the leadership to the staff as executor in the field.
Efektivitas Pelayanan Pengaduan Masyarakat Melalui Doorstop di Kecamatan Kebayoran Baru Kota Administrasi Jakarta Selatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta
Authors: Kasmawati Kasmawati
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of public complaints services through Doorstops, to find out the supporting and inhibiting factors for the point of public protests services through Doorstops, and efforts to overcome barriers to the effectiveness of Public Complaints Services through Doorstops in Kebayoran Baru District, South Jakarta Administration, DKI Jakarta Province. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The data needed in this study include primary data and secondary data. This research used data collection techniques through interviews, documentation and observation. Informants were determined using purposive sampling and incidental sampling techniques. According to Gibson, Ivancevich, Donnelly (1995), the theory used is the basis for developing a framework of thinking and research instruments. It appears that there are several problems, including the number of complaints received is still very small and even decreased from 2017-2019, the amount of budget used is not proportional to the number of services provided, the service process is still prolonged, there are still some repeated complaints, human resources still lacking, the facilities and infrastructure used are still minimal, and socialization has not been maximized so that it has an impact on decreasing public complaint services. Suggestions to increase productivity and quality of general complaint services, re-evaluate the budget used, increase Human Resources, fulfil infrastructure, and socialize, as well as optimize online-based public complaint services.
Kebijakan Dana Kampung dan Budaya Organisasi Dalam Mendukung Kinerja Aparatur Kampung
Authors: Widiyoko Muhammad Aryo
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of implementing village fund policies and organizational culture on the performance of village officials. This research is explanatory and associative. The scope variables in this study consist of the implementation of village policies and organizational culture as independent variables and the village apparatus's performance as the dependent. The population in this study were all village officials in Sorong Regency, as many as 2,486 people. The sampling technique used is the Slovin sampling formulation using 100 respondents. The data collection method used a questionnaire with a Likert scale. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The research results in this study are: (1) the implementation of the village fund policy partially has a significant effect on the performance of the village apparatus, (2) the organizational culture partially has a significant effect on the performance of the village apparatus. Village apparatus, (3) implementation of village fund policy Simultaneous organizational and village culture have a significant effect on the performance of village officials.
Analisis Sistem Pengendalian Internal dalam Optimalisasi Sistem Pembelian pada PT. Mulia Safety Service Surabaya
Authors: Varia Juita Mersiana
Published: October 2021

This study aims to describe the application of the purchasing accounting system in the company and evaluate the internal control system in the company's purchasing accounting system. This research utilizes qualitative methods. The scope of research conducted in this study is an evaluation of internal control in the purchasing system at PT. Mulia Safety Service, which is located at Jl. Eastern Silver No. 232, Surabaya. Total respondents were determined using the snowball sampling technique—respondents who were selected to be key informants from the information manager of PT. Mulia Safety Service, then continued to other respondents based on recommendations from key respondents with assumptions related to the research conducted. Meanwhile, data analysis was carried out by collecting data, reducing data, presenting data, and analyzing data. The results showed that the internal control system for the purchasing accounting system at PT. Mulia Safety Service Surabaya is still not comprehensive. This is due to the dual function of the purchasing department (purchase function and receiving function) and the lack of document distribution (goods receipt form), which should also be accepted by the accounting department. Therefore, some improvements are needed. First, by creating a separate receiving section as a reception function or by giving this authority to the inventory section, and secondly, the receiving function also creates documents (goods receipt forms) so that not only the purchasing and inventory departments receive them but also the accounting department. This improvement is expected to optimize the purchasing accounting system at PT. Mulia Safety Service Surabaya.
Structural Evolution of the Central Kiruna Area, Northern Norrbotten, Sweden: Implications on the Geologic Setting Generating Iron Oxide-Apatite and Epigenetic Iron and Copper Sulfides
Authors: Andersson Joel B.H. , Bauer Tobias E. , Martinsson Olof
Published: October 2021

To guide future exploration, this predominantly field based study has investigated the structural evolution of the central Kiruna area, the type locality for iron oxide-apatite deposits that stands for a significant amount of the European iron ore production. Using a combination of geologic mapping focusing on structures and stratigraphy, petrography with focus on microstructures, X-ray computed tomography imaging of sulfide-structure relationships, and structural 2D-forward modeling, a structural framework is provided including spatial-temporal relationships between iron oxide-apatite emplacement, subeconomic Fe and Cu sulfide mineralization, and deformation. These relationships are important to constrain as a guidance for exploration in iron oxide-apatite and iron oxide copper-gold prospective terrains and may help to understand the genesis of these deposit types. Results suggest that the iron oxide-apatite deposits were emplaced in an intracontinental back-arc basin, and they formed precrustal shortening under shallow crustal conditions. Subsequent east-west crustal shortening under greenschist facies metamorphism inverted the basin along steep to moderately steep E-dipping structures, often subparallel with bedding and lithological contacts, with reverse, oblique to dip-slip, east-block-up sense of shears. Fe and Cu sulfides associated with Fe oxides are hosted by structures formed during the basin inversion and are spatially related to the iron oxide-apatite deposits but formed in fundamentally different structural settings and are separated in time. The inverted basin was gently refolded and later affected by hydraulic fracturing, which represent the last recorded deformation-hydrothermal events affecting the crustal architecture of central Kiruna.
Deformation Mechanisms in Orogenic Gold Systems During Aseismic Periods: Microstructural Evidence from the Central Victorian Gold Deposits, Southeast Australia
Authors: Hunter Nicholas J.R. , Voisey Christopher R. , Tomkins Andrew G. , Wilson Christopher J.L. , Luzin Vladimir , Stephen Natasha R.
Published: October 2021

In many orogenic gold deposits, gold is located in quartz veins. Understanding vein development at the microstructural scale may therefore provide insights into processes influencing the distribution of gold, its morphology, and its relationship to faulting. We present evidence that deformation processes during aseismic periods produce characteristic quartz microstructures and crystallographic preferred orientations, which are observed across multiple deposits and orogenic events. Quartz veins comprise a matrix of coarse, subidiomorphic, and columnar grains overprinted by finer-grained quartz seams subparallel to the fault trace, which suggests an initial stage of cataclastic deformation. The fine-grained quartz domains are characterized by well-oriented quartz c-axis clusters and girdles oriented parallel to the maximum extension direction, which reveals that fluid-enhanced pressure solution occurred subsequent to grain refinement. Coarser anhedral gold is associated with primary quartz, whereas fine-grained, “dusty” gold trails are found within the fine-grained quartz seams, revealing a link between aseismic deformation and gold morphology. These distinct quartz and gold morphologies, observed at both micro- and macroscale, suggest that both seismic fault-valving and aseismic deformation processes are both important controls on gold distribution.
Operations on Single-Valued Trapezoidal Neutrosophic Numbers using (α,β,γ)-Cuts “Maple Package”
Authors:   Department of Mathematical Statistics, Faculty of Science, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria, Zeina Mohamed Bisher , Zeitouny Omar ,   Department of Mathematical Statistics, Faculty of Science, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria, Masri Fatina ,   Department of Mathematical Statistics, Faculty of Science, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria, Kadoura Fatima ,   Department of Mathematical Statistics, Faculty of Science, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria, Broumi Said ,   Laboratory of Information Processing, Faculty of Science Ben M’Sik, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we present a Maple package called Neutrosophic, which allows users to do operations on trapezoidal and triangular neutrosophic numbers including summation, subtraction, division, and multiplication based on -cuts and plots the results, also the package allows users to rank numbers depending on ambiguity index and value index. This package is very useful in neutrosophic decision-making problems, neutrosophic probabilities, neutrosophic statistics, and in many other fields of neutrosophic researches.
PRINSIP DASAR METODE PENGAJARAN BAHASA ARAB
Authors: Iza Abdullah
Published: October 2021

Ada tiga prinsip dasar dalam pengajaran bahasa Arab, yaitu prinsip prioritasdalam proses penyajian materi ajar, prinsip koreksitas dan umpan balik, prinsipbertahap dalam penyampaian materi kepada peserta didik.Ada beberapa langkah aplikasi yang diperlukan dalam pengajaran bahasa Arab, agarteknik penyampaian materi berhasil dan dapat terlaksana, yaitu: Memberikan contohsebelum memberikan kaidah gramatika, memberikan contoh kalimat yang biasadipakai sehari-hari, dan memberikan motivasi yang cukup untuk berekspresi melaluitulisan, lisan bahkan mungkin ekspresi wajah, agar meraka merasa terlibat langsungdengan proses pengajaran yang berlangsung.Ada dua macam metode pengajaran bahasa Arab, yaitu: pertama, metode tradisional,yaitu metode pengajaran bahasa yang terfokus pada “bahasa sebagai budaya ilmu”sehingga belajar bahasa Arab berarti belajar secara mendalam tentang seluk-belukilmu bahasa Arab itu sendiri. Dan kedua, metode modern, yaitu metode pengajaranyang berorientasi pada tujuan bahasa sebagai alat komunikasi dalam kehidupanmodern.
KARAKTERISTIK PEMIKIRAN USUL AL-FIQH IMAM AL-GHAZALI DALAM KITAB AL-MUSTASFA MIN ‘ILM AL-USUL
Authors: Ihasan Ihasan
Published: October 2021

Imam al-Ghazali is a writer and thinker encyclopedic. The work of al-Ghazali covers a wide range of scientific branches of Islam. Theology, philosophy,tasawwuf and jurisprudence (fiqh). Al-Ghazali describes the scientific conception ofusulal-fiqh, including definition of usul al-fiqh. Its position in the structure andscope os Islamic scholarship. Al-Ghazali defines the usul al-fiqh as a science thatexamines the sources (orgins) law, the terms of validity and model, structure andmethod of oppointment to the law. Usul al-fiqh as defined is a noble thought is ascience because it has the potential of combining reason and revelation. Disciplineis explicitly different from the science of kalam (theology) which is “kulli” anIslamic science that is particular, because it is concerted is a discussion on the legalarguments of personality. It’s as tafsir, hadith, and tasawwuf. In hierarchic usulalfiqhunder the umbrella of theology.
Effects of low light intensity on radiation use efficiency and productivity of tropical pulses
Authors: K.N. MANOJ  , M.R. UMESH  , N. ANANDA  , SHANTAPPA DUTTARGANVI
Published: October 2021

Pulses have distinct morpho-physiological response under reduced sunlight. But little is known for their capacity to adapt to the level of shading encountered in crop mixtures. Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the pulses under artificial shade during rainy season at Raichur, Karnataka. Objectives were to select potential pulse crop tolerant to shade based on productivity and radiation use efficiency (RUE). Experiment was laid out in split-plot design, wherein light intensity (unshade, 50 and 75% shade) in main plots and pigeon-pea, cowpea, lablab and black-gram were in sub plots. Shade levels were created by the erection of white shade nets at 25 DAS continued upto harvest. Results indicated that irrespective of the crop more pods, grain, stover and protein yield were recorded under unshade. While, pigeon-pea and lablab were produced significantly higher yield under unshade, however, these were also well performed under 50 per cent shade over black-gram and cowpea. However, seeds crude protein was higher in shaded plants compared to unshaded. Significantly higher RUE (2.22 gMJ-1) was recorded in pigeon-pea under 75 per cent shade and lowest in unshaded lablab (0.35 gMJ-1) and black-gram (0.40 g MJ-1). Results inferred that pigeon-pea and lablab were found tolerant to shade compared to cowpea and black-gram and may be suitable for crop mixtures cultivation.