bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Психологічні детермінанти становлення особистості академічно здібного учня базової школи
Authors: Щербакова Олена
Published: April 2020

Виклик сьогодення такий, що сучасний учень повинен отримувати можливість не тільки здобувати знання, необхідні компетенції основ наук, але і розвивати особистісні ресурси психологічного благополуччя. Стаття присвячена теоретичному аналізу психологічних детермінант становлення особистості академічно здібного учня базової школи. Обґрунтовано специфіку впливу особистісних якостей та властивостей на становлення особистості у молодшому підлітковому віці. Встановлено, що одним із чинників становлення особистості академічно здібного учня є психологічне благополуччя. Переживання благополуччя (або неблагополуччя) інтегративне, на нього впливають різні сторони буття молодшого підлітка, в ньому злиті багато особливостей ставлення підлітка до себе і навколишнього світу. Встановлено що психологічне благополуччя, як показник якості життя людини, є досить складним явищем і процесом, що відображає когнітивно-емоційну оцінку людиною якості свого життя і виявляється в задоволеності ним загалом і окремими його сферами, у переживанні позитивних емоцій і почуттів, у відчутті реалізації власного потенціалу. Узагальнено і виділено основні компоненти психологічного благополуччя: самосприйняття (позитивна самооцінка себе і свого життя в цілому, усвідомлення і прийняття не тільки своїх позитивних якостей, але і своїх недоліків), позитивні відносини з оточуючими (вміння співпереживати, так і здатність бути відкритим для спілкування), автономія, управління навколишнім середовищем (успішне оволодіння різними видами діяльності, здатність досягати бажаного, долати труднощі на шляху реалізації власних цілей), мета в житті (почуття осмислення існування), особистісний ріст (передбачає прагнення розвиватися, навчатися і сприймати нове). Зроблено висновок, що для становлення особистості академічно здібного учня та для успішного втілення себе в житті необхідно бути компетентним у питаннях емоційного самопочуття та психологічного благополуччя.
Optimizing Genetic Algorithms for Sentiment Analysis of Apple Product Reviews Using SVM
Authors: Indrayuni Elly , Nurhadi Acmad
Published: April 2020

Online reviews have the potential to provide buyers with insights about products such as quality, performance and recommendations. Website is one of the media that contains information or reviews provided by individuals, groups or organizations about an object or topic, one of which is Apple products. This study analyzes consumer sentiment reviews of Apple product users consisting of 200 reviews which will be classified into positive opinions and negative opinions using the Support Vector Machine algorithm and the application of genetic algorithms (GA) to obtain optimal accuracy values. The stages of this research are, firstly collecting a dataset, the second is preprocessing data. Third, the sentiment analysis process uses SVM and GA as optimization techniques. Fourth, do the validation process on the accuracy results obtained using the Confusion Matrix and ROC Curve. The results of this study indicate that Apple product review sentiment analysis produces the best accuracy of 70.00% and AUC 0.924 for SVM algorithm. Whereas the SVM + GA algorithm produces 85.76% accuracy and AUC 0.945, so that the accuracy value increases by 15.76% and the AUC 0.021 on the SVM model when compared before optimization with genetic algorithms (GA) is performed
Climate variability and breeding parameters of a transhemispheric migratory seabird over seven decades
Authors: Price CA , Hartmann K , Emery TJ , Woehler EJ , McMahon CR , Hindell MA
Published: April 2020

Climate variability affects physical oceanographic systems and environmental conditions at multiple spatial and temporal scales. These changes can influence biological and ecological processes, from primary productivity to higher trophic levels. Short-tailed shearwaters Ardenna tenuirostris are transhemispheric migratory procellariiform seabirds that forage on secondary consumers such as fish (myctophids) and zooplankton (euphausiids). In this study, we investigated the breeding parameters of the short-tailed shearwater from a colony of 100 to 200 breeding pairs at Fisher Island, Tasmania, Australia, for the period 1950 to 2012, with the aim to quantify the relationship between breeding parameters with large-scale climate indices in the Northern (i.e. Northern Pacific Index and Pacific Decadal Oscillation) and Southern Hemispheres (i.e. El Niño-Southern Oscillation and Southern Annular Mode). Through the use of generalised linear models, we found that breeding participation among short-tailed shearwaters was affected by climate variability with a 12-mo temporal lag. Furthermore, breeding success decreased in years of increased rainfall at the colony. These findings demonstrate that both large-scale climate indices and local environmental conditions could explain some of the variability among breeding parameters of the short-tailed shearwater.
Effect of Maturation on the Resistance of Rat Hearts Against Ischemia. Study of Potential Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: GRIECSOVÁ L. , FARKAŠOVÁ V. , GÁBLOVSKÝ I. , KHANDELWAL V. K. M. , BERNÁTOVÁ I. , TATARKOVÁ Z. , KAPLAN P. , RAVINGEROVÁ T.
Published: April 2020

Reduced tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury has been shown in elder human and animal hearts, however, the onset of this unfavorable phenotype and cellular mechanisms behind remain unknown. Moreover, aging may interfere with the mechanisms of innate cardioprotection (preconditioning, PC) and cause defects in protective cell signaling. We studied the changes in myocardial function and response to ischemia, as well as selected proteins involved in “pro-survival” pathways in the hearts from juvenile (1.5 months), younger adult (3 months) and mature adult (6 months) male Wistar rats. In Langendorff-perfused hearts exposed to 30-min ischemia/2-h reperfusion with or without prior PC (one cycle of 5-min ischemia/5-min reperfusion), we measured occurrence of reperfusion-induced arrhythmias, recovery of contractile function (left ventricular developed pressure, LVDP, in % of pre-ischemic values), and size of infarction (IS, in % of area at risk size, TTC staining and computerized planimetry). In parallel groups, LV tissue was sampled for the detection of protein levels (WB) of Akt kinase (an effector of PI3-kinase), phosphorylated (activated) Akt (p-Akt), its target endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and protein kinase Cε (PKCε) as components of “pro-survival” cascades. Maturation did not affect heart function, however, it impaired cardiac response to lethal IR injury (increased IS) and promoted arrhythmogenesis. PC reduced the occurrence of malignant arrhythmias, IS and improved LVDP recovery in the younger animals, while its efficacy was attenuated in the mature adults. Loss of PC protection was associated with age-dependent reduced Akt phosphorylation and levels of eNOS and PKCε in the hearts of mature animals compared with the younger ones, as well as with a failure of PC to upregulate these proteins. Aging-related alterations in myocardial response to ischemia may be caused by dysfunction of proteins involved in protective cell signaling that may occur already during the process of maturation.
SYNTHETIC FULVIC ACIDS FROM POMEGRANATE PEEL
Authors: Litvin Valentina
Published: April 2020

It is known that fulvic acids (FA) have a whole complex of therapeutic properties, but their widespread introduction into medical practice is limited by the dependence of the properties of the final product on the source of their extraction. In this regard, research aimed at developing experimental approaches for the production of synthetic substances that are similar in structure, physical, chemical and therapeutic properties to natural FA, but characterized by standardized and controlled parameters, is of interest. The purpose of the work was to develop a method of obtaining synthetic FA using as a precursor ellagitannins and lignin extracted from pomegranate peels and comprehensive study of their properties. As a result of the experiment and the analysis of the results it was found that the elagotanins and lignin contained in the peel of pomegranate can be used as a precursor to obtain synthetic FA. Comparative analysis of the elemental composition and spectral characteristics of synthetic FA with the literature data for natural FA allowed to ascertain the uniformity of their chemical structure. X-ray diffraction analysis of synthetic FA indicates their amorphous nature, which is typical of natural FA as well. The content of basic acid groups in the structure of synthetic FAs and their recovery capacity are calculated. In particular, the content of carboxyl groups is 2.7 ± 0.2 mmol/g, and the phenolic groups - 6.0 ± 0.1 mmol/g; the recovery capacity is 5.2 ± 0.3 mmol/g. The SEM images of the dried synthetic FA preparations show the uniformity of the powder particles obtained. However, unlike natural FA, synthetic analogues obtained by the developed method are characterized by controlled and reproducible properties, which greatly expands their use in medicine.
Analysis of Assessing the Reliability Quality of the Software Product Based on the Graphs Theory and Markov Chains
Authors: Ormonova E.
Published: April 2020

In this paper, we use graph theory and Markov chain methods to determine the quality of a software product based on a mathematical model. Since modern programming, developing a data structure and creating a mathematical model of a software product, we cannot do without graph theory. As an object of research, the PascalABC programming language is used. We have created a mathematical model of a software product using graph theory. The principles of software quality assessment by methods of graph theory, as well as Markov chains, are developed. Models of probabilistic assessment of the quality of computer programs using the Kolmogorov equations, based on graph theory.
Study of Nitrobenzene Kinetic Particularities over Ni-containing Hypercrosslinked Polystyrene
Authors: Mushinskii L. , Navrotskaya I. , Brovko R. , Doluda V.
Published: April 2020

This paper presents a study of the kinetics of catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to aniline in the presence of Ni-containing catalysts based on super-crosslinked polystyrene. Aniline hydrogenation is a complex multi-stage process accompanied by the formation of a large number of both intermediate and by-products, including azobenzene, azoxybenzene, nitrosobenzene, phenylhydroxylamine and other substances. Therefor the study of the process kinetics is an important scientific and technical task necessary to increase the yield of the target product — aniline. The hydrogenation reaction of nitrobenzene was carried out in a six-cell high-pressure reactor Parr instruments, Series 5000. The products were analyzed by chromatography using a gas chromatograph Kristallux-4000M (Russia, Meta–Chrom). The effect of temperature, pressure, and concentration of the catalyst was studied; optimal reaction conditions were selected that ensure the maximum yield of aniline. Investigation of the effect of the nitrobenzene initial concentration on the rate of its transformation shows that increase of catalyst to nitrobenzene ratio from 0.2 to 0.6 kg (Cat)/kg (NB) leads to a linear increase in the rate of transformation of nitrobenzene from 0.0002 kg (NB) / (kg (Cat)*s ) to 0.0028 kg(NB)/(kg(Cat)*s), a further increase in the ratio of catalyst concentration to nitrobenzene concentration to 1.2 kg (Cat)/kg(NB) leads to stabilization of the nitrobenzene transformation rate at the level of 0.003 kg(NB)/(kg(Cat)*s). An increase in the temperature of the reaction from 90 to 160 °C contributes to a significant increase in the nitrobenzene transformation rate. The constructed dependences made it possible to calculate the apparent activation energy of the process, which amounted to be 50.4 kJ/mol and the preexponential factor, which amounted to be 15821.1 1/s. The applicability of the Langmuir–Henschelwood model to describe the basic kinetic laws of the reaction of catalytic nitrobenzene hydrogenation with the formation of aniline is studied. Numerical methods in the Matlab software allows to determine the values of preexponential factors and activation energies of the nitrobenzene hydrogenation processes, adsorption of nitrobenzene and adsorption of hydrogen, which made it possible to establish the optimal area of nitrobenzene hydrogenation process of hydrogenation of Pн2 = 15–18 atm, C(NB) = 1.2 kg(NB)/kg(Cat), t =115–120 °C providing maximum speed.
Reclamation Efficiency of Subsurface Drainage in Zardab Zone of Strip Kura Region of Shirvan Steppe
Authors: Talibova D.
Published: April 2020

Article is devoted to the analysis of land reclamation, drainage and desalination action of closed tubular drainage. Parameters: depth — 3 m, distance between the strips — 200 m. The system was built according to the project “Improvement of the reclamation state of the lands of the Zardab zone of strip Kura region of Shirvan steppe”. The data on water supply, drainage flow, drainage module during the flushing period, a change in the level of groundwater (rise-fall), the desalting effect of the flushing process on the degree of salinity of drainage and groundwater, as well as hydrochemical parameters of soil are presented.
Feeding Value and Crop Yield of Some Feed Plant Species Distributed in the North-Eastern Part of the Lesser Caucasus
Authors: Achundova S.
Published: April 2020

The bioecological potential and resource potential of feed plants distributed on the pastures of the North-Eastern part of the Lesser Caucasus are studied. 440 Angiosperms species belonging to 171 genera and 27 families have been identified in the flora of the territory. The biological resources relatively wet and dry mass of some species were calculated in different years and were found the reserves of the Lotus corniculatus L., Dactylis glomerata L., Anthyllis lachnophora Juz. and Urtica dioica L. species respectively — 246.55 (59.2%); 198.0 (45.5%); 149.53 (32.9%); 135.4 (28.4%) centners on ha. For farmers advisable to use both dry and wet masses to enrich in the diet of animals. So, the yield of each species in 2019 increased compared to 2017–2018 years. Indicators of feed value were also analyzed for assess the feed value of these species, common among the meadow vegetation types. The species Dactylis glomerata L. should be distinguished according to the highest dry weight and crude protein (18.0%), and Lotus corniculatus L. — by the feed unit (0.22). Cultivate the highest yielding fodder plants and studies the indicators of fodder quality are necessary for accelerate the development of animal husbandry and obtain high-quality animal products.
Effect of the Dose and Correlation of Organic and Mineral Fertilizers on Nitrogen Uptake and Winter Wheat Crop Yield in the Waterless Soil of the Mountain Shirvan
Authors: Veliyeva S.
Published: April 2020

Infield experiments on light chestnut soils of Mountain Shirvan, the effect of the dose and the ratio of organic and mineral fertilizers on nitrogen removal from aboveground biomass, grain quality, crop yield and economic efficiency in winter wheat crops were studied. The work was carried out in 2011–2014. During the work, standard methods for the determination of chemicals were used. As a result, the work is established. That high yield and net income were obtained in option N90P60K60.
Determination of the Adsorption Activity of the Specific Surface of Artificial Graphite by the Indicator of Methylene Blue
Authors: Aldasheva N.
Published: April 2020

This article investigated and determined the specific surface area of artificial graphite for adsorption through a methylene blue solution. The study showed that the specific surface area of graphite adsorption obtained from coal from the Uzgen deposit in Kyrgyzstan for methylene blue is 599.4 m2/g and this is very close to the performance of activated carbons. The specific surface area of artificial graphite obtained from coal from the Uzgen deposit for adsorption activity was determined by titration of a suspension with a methylene blue indicator solution.
Growth Factors: Living Standards
Authors: Zainutdinov Sh. , Ashurov Z. , Nurimbenov R.
Published: April 2020

In all countries of the world, the standard of living of the population remains the most acute economic problem. This paper discusses the issues and factors of improving the living standards of the population, it highlights the issues of demography, population growth, consumption growth, resource endowment, consumer baskets, consumer ability and purchasing power of the population, what is expected for a standard of living in the long term — for the millennium, the approaches to this issue of the UN and leading international organizations.
The Scientific Theory of Teams and Strategic Management of Teamwork
Authors: Glushchenko V.
Published: April 2020

Subject of the article is development of scientific theory and methodology teams strategic management of teams, the object of the article is dedicated to team activities under the project approach in the economy, the aim is to increase the efficiency of strategic management of work teams in terms of project approach to achieve the goals the following tasks: study of development of methodology of team work and management of work teams (groups, schools); identify and study the function and role of teams in organizations; the method of forming a team management strategy within the project approach; forming a scientific theory of teamwork; describing the paradigm of strategic management of teamwork and its components; research sources of risks to reduce the effectiveness of teams; scientific methods in the article are the methodology of science, historical analysis, heuristic synthesis, system analysis and approach, the method of expert assessments, comparative analysis, forecasting; the scientific novelty of the article is the formation of scientific theories of teamwork, the definition of the functions and roles of command in the economy, scientific bases and a technique of formation of strategy of management by work teams within the framework of the project approach taking into account the specifics of work teams in conditions of the sixth technological structure.
Social Studies of the Majority: New Challenges for the Trade Union Movement
Authors: Shvaiba D.
Published: April 2020

Considering the role of the trade Union movement in Belarus in the current specific historical conditions, their place in civil society of the future and the ability to exist in the long term, and in particular the conclusions that will be drawn from the results of the analysis directly depend on the personality of the researcher, to set a not simple task, its potential of knowledge and experience. That is why the presented arguments and conclusions do not claim to be absolutely true, but at the same time form the outline of the study, making this topic less vague for further research.
Fundamentals of Social and Economic Ideology of Workers in the Works of the Outstanding Soviet and Russian Social Thinker, Creator of the Foundations of a New, Modern Social Science Galina Yakovlevna Rakitskaya
Authors: Shvaiba D.
Published: April 2020

In order to approach the understanding of the socio-economic ideology of the worker, her conscious and unconscious modifications in historical retrospect will need to scientifically raise the question of the options of the future of the employee and in accordance with scientific research outstanding Soviet and Russian scientist and thinker G. Ya. Rakitskaya to scientifically assess the comparative level of reality (historical feasibility) of varieties of things to come. We will need, at least in aggregate terms, a theory of historical choice. This complex task will require a deep and meaningful understanding of the existing ideologies, fundamental interests, and political programs of various social groups. And at the same time, of course, you need to have a certain personal ideological position. Without this, any researcher is sterile and blind.
A Non-classical Approach to the Study of the Unconscious in Adolescence and Youth
Authors: Adykulov A.
Published: April 2020

A non-classical approach to the development of personality in teenage years and adolescence presupposes a student’s self-development, where the individuality, initiative, identity of the student’s personality development is put at top of mind. The discovery of new opportunities and prospects in the study of unconscious psychological determinants, the relationship of consciousness and the unconscious and their manifestations in the youth personality in the educational environment, involves, on the one hand, the formation of the psychological foundations of the personality of young men and women as active subjects, creators, self-creating, self-determining personalities, on the other hand, involves the formation of unconscious psychological determinants (unconscious attitudes, personality archetypes: ego, self, persona, anima, animus, shadow), which are responsible not only for the content of the conscious part, but also the behavior of the individual.
Ethno-Cultural and Psychological Peculiarities of Lezgin Ethnos Experiences in Extreme Situations
Authors: Shvets L.
Published: April 2020

This article describes the cultural and ethnic characteristics of the representatives of the Lezgin ethnic group. Moral–ethical foundations of interaction within the Lezgin ethnic group, gender norms in ethnic culture, features of parent–child relationships, and psychological characteristics of representatives of a given people were described. Also, based on cultural and ethnic features, assumptions were made regarding possible options for experiencing extreme situations.
Integrating Multimedia Technology Into Teaching Intercultural Communication
Authors: Isamukhamedova M. , Tukhtabaeva Z.
Published: April 2020

It is widely known that enhancement of the system of teaching foreign languages can be achieved by introducing progressive teaching methods as well as using modern teaching and information–communication technologies thus enabling them to access the achievements of the world civilization and globally available information resources, ensuring international collaboration and communication. Nowadays, culture is playing an important role in foreign language teaching and learning, therefore, a lot of researches have been done in this field in recent years. It has been recognized that a language is used as the main medium through which culture is expressed. It is believed that students are aware of language rules but are not always capable enough to use the language sufficiently as they do not have a sound knowledge of the target culture. Nevertheless, “pure information” is insight; while the development of people’s cultural understanding leads them to better critical thinking. There are ample methodologies for developing learners’ intercultural competence. The present study also seeks the ways of developing a model of blended learning course on intercultural communication.
Çocuklara Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğretiminde Tüm Fiziksel Tepki Yöntemi ve A1 Düzeyi Etkinlik Tasarımı
Authors: Moralı Gürkan
Published: April 2020

Türkçenin çocuklara yabancı dil olarak öğretimi özellikle son dönemde öncelikli bir alan hâline dönüşmüştür. Ancak literatürdeki çalışmaların hedef kitle bakımından çoğunlukla gençlere ve yetişkinlere yönelik olduğu görülmektedir. Bu yüzden Türkçenin çocuklara yabancı dil olarak öğretimi ile ilgili akademik çalışmalar ve mevcut kaynaklar yeterli seviyede değildir. Özellikle Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak çocuklara çeşitli öğretim yöntemlerine göre nasıl öğretileceğini ele alan çalışmalar konusunda büyük bir boşluk bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türkçenin çocuklara yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde kullanılabilecek tüm fiziksel tepki yöntemi ele alınmıştır. Literatür taraması yapılarak gerçekleştirilen çalışmada, tüm fiziksel tepki yöntemi tanıtılmış ve A1 düzeyinde etkinlik tasarım örnekleri sunulmuştur. Çünkü yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi alanında tüm fiziksel tepki yöntemine yönelik yapılan çalışmalar incelendiğinde çalışmaların yöntemi öz bir şekilde tanıttığı ve kullanım örneklerine yer vermediği görülmektedir. Tüm fiziksel tepki yöntemi hem teorik hem de uygulamalı olarak ele alınarak literatüre katkı sağlanması ve çalışmanın sahadaki öğretmenlere yol göstermesi amaçlanmıştır. Özellikle A1 düzeyinde tasarım örnekleri verilerek öğretmenlerin bu çalışmadan yararlanabilmeleri, sunulan örnekleri derslerinde kullanabilmeleri ve kendilerinin de benzer uygulamalar gerçekleştirmeleri hedeflenmektedir.
Matematik Öğretimi Öz Yeterlik İnancı Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi
Authors: Deniz Levent , Koç Tuğçe
Published: April 2020

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, ortaokul
ve lise matematik öğretmenlerinin özel alan yeterliklerine ilişkin öz yeterlik
inançlarının belirlenmesinde kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek
geliştirmektir. Bu amaçla ilk olarak MEB’in yayımladığı İlköğretim ve
Ortaöğretim Matematik Öğretmeni Özel Alan Yeterlikleri ile alanyazında yer alan
benzer niteliğe sahip çalışmalar incelenerek 87 maddelik bir madde havuzu
oluşturulmuştur. Sonrasında uzman görüşleri alınmış ve madde sayısı 62’ye
düşürülmüştür. Ölçek, İstanbul ilinde beş farklı okul türünde görev yapan 379
matematik öğretmenine uygulanmıştır. Yapılan açımlayıcı faktör analizi
sonucunda Matematik Öğretimi Öz Yeterlik İnancı Ölçeği (MATÖZİ), faktör yükleri
,526 ile ,817 arasında değişen 50 madde ve yedi alt ölçekten oluşan bir yapı
sergilemiştir. Bu alt ölçekler; ‘Planlama ve Uygulama’, ‘Kaynaştırma
Öğrencileri’, ‘Mesleki Gelişim’, ‘Üstün Yetenekli Öğrenciler’, ‘Ders Dışı
Etkinlikler’, ‘Matematik Tarihi’ ve ‘Teknoloji Kullanımı’ şeklinde
isimlendirilmiştir. Yedi alt ölçeğin açıkladığı toplam varyans %66,217’dir. Ölçeğin
Cronbach Alfa güvenirlik katsayısı ,963 olup alt ölçeklere ilişkin değerleri ,723
ile ,958 aralığında değişmektedir.
Harmanlanmış Öğrenme Ortamında Mobil Programlama Eğitimine Katılan Öğrencilerin Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Dikmen Cemal Hakan , Ocak Doç.dr. Mehmet Akif
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, mobil programlama
konusunda hazırlanmış harmanlanmış öğrenme ortamına yönelik öğrencilerin
görüşlerini incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, mobil programlama eğitiminde
uygulanmak üzere Moodle öğrenme yönetim sistemi kullanılarak harmanlanmış
öğrenme ortamı tasarlanmıştır. Çalışmanın katılımcılarını, 2016-2017
eğitim-öğretim yılının bahar döneminde bir meslek yüksekokulunun bilgisayar
programcılığı programında öğrenim gören 30 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada
nitel araştırma modellerinden durum çalışması modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışma
kapsamında öğrencilerden elde edilen veriler, içerik analizi yöntemiyle analiz
edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçları, mobil programlama konusunda hazırlanmış
harmanlanmış öğrenme ortamının, öğrencilerin öğrenmelerine katkı sağladığını
göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte öğrencilerin çoğunluğu görüşlerinde
harmanlanmış öğrenme ortamında herhangi bir sorunla karşılaşmadıklarını, farklı
ders ve konuları da harmanlanmış öğrenme ortamında öğrenmek istediklerini,
harmanlanmış öğrenme ortamının dersle ilgili beklentilerini karşıladıklarını
belirtmektedir. Çalışma sonuçlarının mobil programlama konusunda benzer
harmanlanmış öğrenme ortamı çalışmalarına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Matematik ve Fen Bilimleri ile Temel Eğitim Bölümlerindeki Öğrencilerin Kaufman Yaratıcılık Alanlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: Korur Fikret , Yılmaz Tuğçe
Published: April 2020

Çalışmanın birincil amacı, Kaufman
Yaratıcılık Alanları Ölçeği’nin beş alt boyutlu kuramsal yapısının lisans
düzeyindeki iki farklı bölüm öğrencilerinden elde edilen veriler ile
doğrulanmasıdır. İkincil amacı öğrencilerin farklı lisans programlarında
öğrenim görmelerinin yaratıcılık toplam puanına ve yaratıcılık alan puanları
üzerine etkisini araştırmaktır. Veriler, temel eğitim bölümünden 180’i sınıf,
67’si okul öncesi eğitimi; matematik ve fen bilimleri eğitimi bölümünden 114’ü
fen bilgisi, 55’i matematik eğitimi ana bilim dalındaki öğrenciden toplanmıştır.
Çalışmanın tasarımı, kesitsel tarama yöntemi ile desteklenmiş nedensel
karşılaştırmadır. Uyum
indislerin kabul edilebilir eşik değerlere oldukça yakın olması nedeni ile ölçek
kuramsal modelle uyumludur. Bilimsel ve mekanik yaratıcılık alanı için
matematik ve fen bilimleri eğitimi bölümündeki öğrenciler lehine anlamlı
farklar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yaratıcılık toplam puanlarında; okul öncesi,
matematik ve fen bilgisi eğitimiana bilim dalındaki öğrencilerin puanları arasında
fen bilgisindeki öğrencilerin puanları lehine anlamlı fark vardır. Öğrenciler akranlarından
daha az yaratıcı oldukları düşüncesindedir. Öğrencilerin yaratıcı düşünmesi öğretmenlerine
bağlı olduğu kabulü ile lisans öğrencilerinin, öğretmenliğe başlamadan
yaratıcılık alanlarının farkında olmaları ve geliştirmeleri öncelikli hedefleri
olmalıdır.
On the problem of historical regression.
Authors: Alexakha Andrey
Published: April 2020

In this paper a theoretical model explaining cases of historical regression is proposed. All these cases are phenomena of the same type, therefore the development of events in each such case occurred the same way, although each such case had a pronounced specificity, due to natural and historical conditions.
A Generalized Alternating Linearization Bundle Method for Structured Convex Optimization with Inexact First-Order Oracles
Authors: Tang Chunming , Li Yanni , Dong Xiaoxia , He Bo
Published: April 2020

In this paper, we consider a class of structured optimization problems whose objective function is the summation of two convex functions: f and h, which are not necessarily differentiable. We focus particularly on the case where the function f is general and its exact first-order information (function value and subgradient) may be difficult to obtain, while the function h is relatively simple. We propose a generalized alternating linearization bundle method for solving this class of problems, which can handle inexact first-order information of on-demand accuracy. The inexact information can be very general, which covers various oracles, such as inexact, partially inexact and asymptotically exact oracles, and so forth. At each iteration, the algorithm solves two interrelated subproblems: one aims to find the proximal point of the polyhedron model of f plus the linearization of h; the other aims to find the proximal point of the linearization of f plus h. We establish global convergence of the algorithm under different types of inexactness. Finally, some preliminary numerical results on a set of two-stage stochastic linear programming problems show that our method is very encouraging.
Development of Haptic Stylus for Manipulating Virtual Objects in Mobile Devices
Authors: Choi Dong-Soo , Yun In-Ho , Kim Tae-Hoon , Byeon SangKyu , Kim Sang-Youn
Published: April 2020

In mobile devices, the screen size limits conveyance of immersive experiences; haptic feedback coupled with visual feedback is expected to have a better effect to maximize the level of immersion. Therefore, this paper presents a miniature tunable haptic stylus based on magnetorheological (MR) fluids to provide kinesthetic information to users. The designed stylus has a force generation, force transmission, and housing part; moreover, in the stylus, all three operating modes of MR fluids contribute to the haptic actuation to produce a wide range of resistive force generated by MR fluids in a limited size, thereby providing a variety of pressing sensations to users. A universal testing machine was constructed to evaluate haptic performance of the proposed haptic stylus, whose resistive force was measured with the constructed setup as a function of pressed depth and input current, and by varying the pressed depth and pressing speed. Under maximum input voltage, the stylus generates a wide range of resistive force from 2.33 N to 27.47 N, whereas under maximum pressed depth it varied from 1.08 N to 27.47 N with a corresponding change in voltage input from 0 V to 3.3 V. Therefore, the proposed haptic stylus can create varied haptic sensations.
A Review on the Current State of Knowledge of Growing Conditions, Agronomic Soil Health Practices and Utilities of Hemp in the United States
Authors: Adesina Ifeoluwa , Bhowmik Arnab , Sharma Harmandeep , Shahbazi Abolghasem
Published: April 2020

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is an emerging high-value specialty crop that can be cultivated for either fiber, seed, or cannabidiol (CBD). The demand for hemp and its products has been consistently on the rise in the 21st century. The United States of America (USA) has reintroduced hemp and legalized its production as an agricultural commodity through the 2018 Federal Farm Bill. Although there is a renewed interest in the adoption of hemp due to the emerging market, its production in the United States (US) remains limited partly because of unclear agronomic guidance and fertilization recommendations. This review article provides information on the current agronomic management practices that are available in the literature and identifies the future research needs for cultivating this multipurpose crop to address the growing market demands. Hemp production could be beneficial if managed properly. Hemp fertilizer requirements vary in accordance with the type of hemp grown (seed, fiber, or CBD), soil, environmental conditions and requires a wide range of macro- and micronutrients. Integrating management practices in hemp cultivation intended to build soil health is promising since the hemp cropping system is suitable for crop rotation, cover cropping, and livestock integration through animal waste applications. Hemp also has significant environmental benefits since it has the potential to remediate contaminated soils through phytoremediation, convert high amounts of atmospheric CO2 to biomass through bio-sequestration, and hemp biomass for bioenergy production. This review identifies that most of the agronomic research in the past has been limited to hemp fiber and, to some extent, hemp seed but not CBD hemp. With the increase in the global markets for hemp products, more research needs to be conducted to provide agronomic guidelines for sustainable hemp production.
Resistance Mechanisms to 2,4-D in Six Different Dicotyledonous Weeds Around the World
Authors: Palma-Bautista Candelario , Rojano-Delgado Antonia M. , Dellaferrera Ignacio , Rosario Jesús M. , Vigna Mario R. , Torra Joel , de Prado Rafael
Published: April 2020

2,4-D resistance is increasing around the world due to both transgenic crops and resistance to other herbicides. The objective of the this study was to characterize the currently unknown mechanisms of 2,4-D resistance in five weed species from around the globe: Amaranthus hybridus (Argentina), Conyza canadensis (Hungary), Conyza sumatrensis (France), Hirschfeldia incana (Argentina) and Parthenium hysterophorus (Dominican Republic), using Papaver rhoeas (Spain) as a standard resistant (R) species. Dose-response trials using malathion and absorption, translocation and metabolism experiments were performed to unravel the resistance mechanisms. R plants produced at least 3-folds less ethylene than susceptible plants, confirming the resistance to 2,4-D, together with resistance factors >4. A. hybridus, P. hysterophorus and P. rhoeas showed both reduced translocation and enhanced metabolism. In the two Conyza sps., the only resistance mechanism found was enhanced metabolism. Malathion synergized with 2,4-D in all these species, indicating the role of cytochrome P450 in the herbicide degradation. In H. incana, reduced translocation was the only contributing mechanism to resistance. Among the six dicotyledonous weed species investigated, there was a differential contribution to 2,4-D resistance of enhanced metabolism and reduced translocation. Thus, extrapolating 2,4-D resistance mechanisms from one weed species to another is very risky, if even related.
Comprehensive Transcriptional Changes in the Liver of Kanglang White Minnow (Anabarilius grahami) in Response to the Infection of Parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis
Authors: Qiu Ying , Yin Yanhui , Ruan Zhiqiang , Gao Yu , Bian Chao , Chen Jieming , Wang Xiaoai , Pan Xiaofu , Yang Junxing , Shi Qiong , Jiang Wansheng
Published: April 2020

The notorious parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich) has been recorded worldwide in fish species and causes white spot disease, posing major threats and resulting in severe losses to international fish production. Extensively effective strategies for treating Ich are not available yet, and genetic mechanisms of hosts in response to the parasite are still largely unknown. In this study, we selected Kanglang white minnow (KWM, Anabarilius grahami) to examine its liver transcriptional changes after Ich infection, as white spot disease is one bottleneck problem in exploring this economically important species. We divided the experimental fishes into three groups (control, early-infected, and late-infected) to examine differentially expressed genes (DEGs). A total of 831 DEGs were identified and classified into 128 significantly enriched GO (Gene Ontology) terms and 71 significantly enriched KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathways. Most of these terms or pathways were functionally enriched in immunity, inflammatory response, and apoptosis, such as nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like (NOD-like) receptor signaling, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling, interleukin-17 (IL-17) signaling, and apoptosis pathways. We also identified 178 putative antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and AMP precursors based on our previously reported genome assembly of KWM, and revealed that the expressional patterns varied according to different types. In summary, our work reported the first comprehensive transcriptional changes in KWM in response to the exogenous infection of Ich, which would lay a solid foundation for in-depth studies on disease defense or resistant strains selection in this valuable fish.
Effects of Dietary Quebracho Tannin on Performance Traits and Parasite Load in an Italian Slow-Growing Chicken (White Livorno Breed)
Authors: Marzoni Margherita , Castillo Annelisse , Franzoni Alessandro , Nery Joana , Fortina Riccardo , Romboli Isabella , Schiavone Achille
Published: April 2020

Tannins have shown numerous biological activities and are very appreciated in food animal production, especially for their antimicrobial, antiparasitic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antivirus effects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of two levels of dietary Quebracho tannin (QT) on growth and performance traits, and possible effects on intestinal parasite load in Italian White Livorno pullets. A 140-day trial was carried out on 180 35-day-old females, fed on two levels of dietary QT inclusion: 0%, 1% and 2%. Birds were reared under free-range conditions. Dietary Quebracho tannin may be used up to 1% in growing female White Livorno chickens without any adverse effects. The results observed in this study on the use of dietary QT at 2% might have not reflected the real effect on performance traits due to the initial inclusion of dietary QT at 3%. Nevertheless, by reducing QT to 2%, a progressive normalization of body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio was observed, resulting in compensatory growth. QT was demonstrated to drastically reduce fecal outputs of Nematodes eggs (Ascaridia spp. and Heterakis spp.) and Coccidia oocytes (Eimeria spp.). The inclusion of 2% produced highly dry droppings.
Exploration and Modulation of Antibody Fragment Biophysical Properties by Replacing the Framework Region Sequences
Authors: Cnudde Thomas , Lakhrif Zineb , Bourgoin Justine , Boursin Fanny , Horiot Catherine , Henriquet Corinne , di Tommaso Anne , Juste Matthieu Olivier , Jiacomini Isabella Gizzi , Dimier-Poisson Isabelle , Pugnière Martine , Mévélec Marie-Nöelle , Aubrey Nicolas
Published: April 2020

In order to increase the successful development of recombinant antibodies and fragments, it seems fundamental to enhance their expression and/or biophysical properties, such as the thermal, chemical, and pH stabilities. In this study, we employed a method bases on replacing the antibody framework region sequences, in order to promote more particularly single-chain Fragment variable (scFv) product quality. We provide evidence that mutations of the VH- C-C′ loop might significantly improve the prokaryote production of well-folded and functional fragments with a production yield multiplied by 27 times. Additional mutations are accountable for an increase in the thermal (+19.6 °C) and chemical (+1.9 M) stabilities have also been identified. Furthermore, the hereby-produced fragments have shown to remain stable at a pH of 2.0, which avoids molecule functional and structural impairments during the purification process. Lastly, this study provides relevant information to the understanding of the relationship between the antibodies amino acid sequences and their respective biophysical properties.
Selective Modification of Streptozotocin at the C3 Position to Improve Its Bioactivity as Antibiotic and Reduce Its Cytotoxicity towards Insulin-Producing β Cells
Authors: Zhang Ji , Yakovlieva Liubov , de Haan Bart J. , de Vos Paul , Minnaard Adriaan J. , Witte Martin D. , Walvoort Marthe T. C.
Published: April 2020

With the increasing resistance of bacteria to current antibiotics, novel compounds are urgently needed to treat bacterial infections. Streptozotocin (STZ) is a natural product that has broad-spectrum antibiotic activity, albeit with limited use because of its toxicity to pancreatic β cells. In an attempt to derivatize STZ through structural modification at the C3 position, we performed the synthesis of three novel STZ analogues by making use of our recently developed regioselective oxidation protocol. Keto-STZ (2) shows the highest inhibition of bacterial growth (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and viability assays), but is also the most cytotoxic compound. Pre-sensitizing the bacteria with GlcNAc increased the antimicrobial effect, but did not result in complete killing. Interestingly, allo-STZ (3) revealed moderate concentration-dependent antimicrobial activity and no cytotoxicity towards β cells, and deoxy-STZ (4) showed no activity at all.
Evaluation of Oxytetracycline Metabolites Cross-Reactivity with Oxytetracycline Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
Authors: Hijaz Faraj , Killiny Nabil
Published: April 2020

Antibiotics have been successfully used for the control of several plant diseases for many years. Recently, streptomycin and oxytetracycline have been approved for the treatment of Huanglongbing (HLB) in Florida. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is the most commonly used assay for the detection of these antibiotics because it is quick, simple, and can be used to analyze many samples at the same time. However, ELISA can react with the metabolites of the parent compound and its structurally related compounds. In this study, we investigated the cross-reactivity of the oxytetracycline ACCEL ELISA kitTM with three of oxytetracycline metabolites (4-epi-oxytetracycline, α-apo-oxytetracycline, and β-apo-oxytetracycline). The α-apo-oxytetracycline and β-apo-oxytetracycline metabolite did not show any cross-reactivity in the linear range (1.5–50 ng mL−1) of the assay. Whereas 4-epi-oxytetracycline showed high cross-reactivity, and its response was similar to oxytetracycline. Our results indicated that the oxytetracycline ELISA kits estimate the level of oxytetracycline as well as its main metabolite, 4-epi-oxytetracycline.
Oxidative Stress, a Crossroad Between Rare Diseases and Neurodegeneration
Authors: Espinós Carmen , Galindo Máximo Ibo , García-Gimeno María Adelaida , Ibáñez-Cabellos José Santiago , Martínez-Rubio Dolores , Millán José María , Rodrigo Regina , Sanz Pascual , Seco-Cervera Marta , Sevilla Teresa , Tapia Andrea , Pallardó Federico V.
Published: April 2020

: Oxidative stress is an imbalance between production and accumulation of oxygen reactive species and/or reactive nitrogen species in cells and tissues, and the capacity of detoxifying these products, using enzymatic and non-enzymatic components, such as glutathione. Oxidative stress plays roles in several pathological processes in the nervous system, such as neurotoxicity, neuroinflammation, ischemic stroke, and neurodegeneration. The concepts of oxidative stress and rare diseases were formulated in the eighties, and since then, the link between them has not stopped growing. The present review aims to expand knowledge in the pathological processes associated with oxidative stress underlying some groups of rare diseases: Friedreich’s ataxia, diseases with neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation, Charcot-Marie-Tooth as an example of rare neuromuscular disorders, inherited retinal dystrophies, progressive myoclonus epilepsies, and pediatric drug-resistant epilepsies. Despite the discrimination between cause and effect may not be easy on many occasions, all these conditions are Mendelian rare diseases that share oxidative stress as a common factor, and this may represent a potential target for therapies.
Economic and Technical Viability of Using Shotcrete with Coarse Recycled Concrete Aggregates in Deep Tunnels
Authors: Duarte Gonçalo , Carrilho Gomes Rui , de Brito Jorge , Bravo Miguel , Nobre José
Published: April 2020

This work analyzes the technical and economic viability of using coarse recycled aggregates from crushed concrete in shotcrete, as a primary lining support in tunnels. Four incorporation ratios of coarse natural aggregate (CNA) with coarse recycled concrete aggregates from concrete (CRCA) were studied: 0%, 20%, 50% and 100%. The mechanical properties of the dry-mix shotcrete were obtained in an independent experimental campaign. Initially, the technical viability of CRCA shotcrete was validated for deep rock tunnels, based on the convergence-confinement method. Two cases were studied to determine the equivalent thickness for each combination of replacement ratio using CRCA shotcrete: (i) similar stiffness and (ii) similar yield stress. Subsequently, an economic assessment was performed. The stiffness criterion increased the thickness below 10% in both the 20% and 50% replacement ratios, which shows their technical viability with very marginal cost increase (<5%). On the other hand, the maximum pressure criteria required higher increments, close to 30% in the 50% replacement ratio. A full replacement was proven to be impracticable in both analyses.
Development of an Unmanned Surface Vehicle for the Emergency Response Mission of the ‘Sanchi’ Oil Tanker Collision and Explosion Accident
Authors: Pu Huayan , Liu Yuan , Luo Jun , Xie Shaorong , Peng Yan , Yang Yi , Yang Yang , Li Xiaomao , Su Zhou , Gao Shouwei , Shao Wenyun , Zhu Chuang , Ke Jun , Cui Jianxiang , Qu Dong
Published: April 2020

Unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) as unmanned intelligent devices can replace humans to perform missions more efficiently and safely in dangerous areas. However, due to the complex navigation environment and special mission requirements, USVs face many challenges in emergency response missions for marine oil spill accidents. To solve these challenges in the emergency response mission of the ‘Sanchi’ oil tanker collision and explosion accident, we designed and deployed an USV to perform the missions of real-time scanning and water sampling in the shipwreck waters. Compared with the previous USVs, our USV owned the following characteristics: Firstly, the improved navigation control algorithms (path following and collision avoidance) can provide high navigation accuracy while ensuring navigation safety; Secondly, an improved launch and recovery system (LARS) enabled the USV to be quickly deployed and recovered in the mission area; Thirdly, a new sampling system was specially designed for the USV. Our USV completed the missions successfully, not only providing a lot of information for rescuers but also offering a scientific basis for follow-up work.