bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Macintosh Workstations
Authors: Valauskas Edward
Published: January 2008

OOP, GUI, AND LIBRARY WORKSTATION SOFTWARE. Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) recently awarded large grants to the University of California and Pennsylvania State University jointly to link the massive bibliographic databases of both institutions together, in spite of varying hardware platforms and geography. At the workstation level, the University of California will create interfaces based on DECwindows, a form of the X Windows interface. The online bibliographic systems of Berkeley and Perm State handle 200,000 to 300,000 requests per week, and currently run on an IBM 3090 in California and a DEC VAX 9000 system in Pennsylvania. This interest in bibliographic interfaces has grown rapidly in the last few years thanks to hardware developments putting more computing muscle on the desktop for librarians, their programmers, and ultimately their patrons. Recent manifestations of graphic interfaces have appeared in many libraries as HyperCard shells built as intermediaries to mainframe bibliographic software. This grant by DEC indicates that this sort of work on graphic interfaces in libraries and the system offices on campuses has not gone without notice by major vendors. With the recent explosion in the number of graphic interfaces, it is important to review these tools and their basis in object oriented programming (OOP).
DOS Workstations
Authors: Schuyler Michael
Published: January 2008

Clones, i.e., 100% compatible IBM‐type computers, are a fact of life in the MS‐DOS world. In this article we offer a brief history of how this happened and end up suggesting ways you can save money by purchasing a safe clone through mail order.
Macintosh Workstations
Authors: Valauskas Edward
Published: January 2008

LIBRARY WORKSTATIONS AND THEIR SOFTWARE: PLATINUM'S BIBLIO‐TECH FOR THE MACINTOSH. Applications over the last half decade designed specifically for libraries and their workstations have of‐ten been expensive, erratic, and frustratingly inadequate in providing solutions to daily routines for library staff. Librarians in turn have switched to the more difficult but less costly option of using off‐the‐shelf, commercial software in libraries, modifying applications for their own purposes. As a result, the history of software usage in libraries over the past five years essentially is a story of template creation and inventive reprogramming on the part of librarians and their staffs to create easy‐to‐use yet effective tools.
DOS Workstations
Authors: Schuyler Michael
Published: January 2008

The following story is based on a real‐life situation. It actually happened. We're telling it hoping to provide some sense of optimism in that it is possible to recover from disasters like this, though perhaps not completely. We are also printing this in Computers in Libraries, a sister publication, to reach as many people as possible.
DOS Workstations
Authors: Schuyler Michael
Published: January 2008

LABEL MAKERS. We're all used to taking the grand view of computers in libraries. We spend thousands of dollars on terminals and PCs, buy huge minicomputers (compared to a micro, that isn't a contradiction), and often pay thousands just for a program to make things work, increase productivity, ad infinitum. One look at your monthly bibliographic utility bill will prove this is true.
Macintosh Workstations
Authors: Valauskas Edward
Published: January 2008

With the ever growing popularity of the Macintosh in libraries, it is surprising that there are few applications specifically devoted to the needs of librarians in their day‐to‐day tasks. Products such as the Macintosh Library System from CASPR and MacBook from Companion Software are examples of just a handful of Macintosh‐specific products available for libraries. In this void of applications built from the code up, developers are using sophisticated database management programs such as Acius' 4th Dimension to construct library software for the Macintosh. Examples of these sorts of tools include Biblio‐Tech from Platinum s.a. in Paris, Libra from Ivy Systems in New Delhi, and the Small Librarian from Serenity Partners in Gulf Shore, Alabama. Finally, there are also a number of HyperCard stacks that provide interfaces to library systems such as MacNOTIS at Texas A&M University. HyperCard remains one of the prominent navigational tools in libraries of all types as both an intellectual and geographic compass to collections.
DOS Workstations
Authors: Schuyler Michael
Published: January 2008

It wasn't too long ago when a 10 megabyte hard disk was considered extravagant. What would you do with all that space? Well, fill it up! A favorite trick of ours is to purchase a new computer for another staff member, but order it with a bigger disk. Then we give that staff member our old disk, and swipe the new one for our own use. We went from 30 to 40 megabytes that way last year, and just went from 40 to 80 megabytes that way this year.
Macintosh Workstations
Authors: Valauskas Edward
Published: January 2008

What is a fossil? In modern usage, a fossil represents the remains of past life on Earth. By analogy, a fossil computer represents the hardware and software remains of an extinct—that is, no longer manufactured—computing device. Computers have been part of libraries for decades, especially in the academic environment. But the beginning of the personal computer era ten to fifteen years ago also marked the beginning of computing for many public, school, and special libraries. These early desktop devices have been showing their age for years as new machines have appeared on the market with enlarged memory, increased processing power, and graphic interfaces.
Macintosh Workstations
Authors: Valauskas Edward
Published: January 2008

Thanks to the demands of technical and scientific users, personal computers and workstations are going through a phenomenal evolution in terms of performance. Third‐party vendors are leading the way in developing accelerators in the shape of coprocessors that push the speeds of commercially available CPUs into the range of more specialized and expensive workstations and minicomputers. YARC Systems, of Agoura Hills, CA, recently announced the availability of a new NuBus board, utilizing a Am29000 RISC chip operating at 67MHz. This product, appropriately called MacRageous, will produce a performance level on a Macintosh of 27 million instructions per second (MIPS). Tests at the University of Virginia have indicated that MacRageous outperforms IBM's System 6000 SuperStation, one of the fastest workstations currently on the market. Of course, a product such as MacRageous will require the development of customized applications to take full advantage of its horsepower. In anticipation, YARC will make available a full line of compilers and debuggers. MacRageous will be available for prices starting around $2,000.
DOS Workstations
Authors: Schuyler Michael
Published: January 2008

Memory Repairs. Failing memory chips in a PC can be one of the most vexsome problems ever encountered. The problem can be difficult to identify initially because memory chips rarely fail completely. Instead, you will encounter intermittent failures which can last over several weeks before the chip will die dead enough to be identified.
DOS Workstations
Authors: Schuyler Michael
Published: January 2008

Protecting Against the Arctic Express. The Arctic Express blew through the northwest on December 18, 1990, giving the area its first White Christmas since 1965. It also managed to uproot a few thousand trees, knock down a few telephone poles, and make the sales of chains and snow tires skyrocket. Unfortunately, 60 mile per‐hour winds and below‐zero temperatures made the power go out around here, in some places for as much as a week.
Macintosh Workstations
Authors: Valauskas Edward
Published: January 2008

Creating a Bibliographic Workstation for Scientists and Engineers. A library workstation, in its simplest form, is a computer that provides access to bibliographic information transparently in spite of its myriad forms. The conceptual kernel of this workstation is, more or less, a machine designed by, and for the use of, librarians and their staff, obstensibly to care and feed a bibliographic database. Suppose we expand our ideas on this particular kind of computer in order to invent a special species that will meet the demands of a critical clientele, for specialized literature.
DOS Workstations
Authors: Schuyler Michael
Published: January 2008

Virus Attack!. Just a few weeks ago one of our PCs was attacked by the “stoned” virus, a virulent strain that attaches itself to the boot sector and partition table of any disk that happens to be around. If you have a hard disk, all you have to do is place an infected floppy disk in Drive A: and ask for a directory listing (DIR). That's enough to transfer the virus to the hard disk; from there it will infect every other floppy you place into the system.
Campus‐wide Information Systems
Authors: Lloyd Les
Published: January 2008

Being that this is my premier article for the newly named Academic and Library Computing, I thought I should discuss what you can look forward to in this section in the future.
Integrated Library Systems
Authors: Hinnebusch Mark
Published: January 2008

One of the most difficult tasks in developing an RFP for a library automation system is ascertaining the appropriate performance requirements. This is a critical function since failure to put enough teeth in the RFP will almost surely result in an under‐sized system, which will be plagued with performance problems throughout its life. On the other hand, including unreasonable performance demands will unnecessarily drive up the cost of the system.
Campus‐wide Information Systems
Authors: Lloyd Les
Published: January 2008

There is little question that in the 1990s the buzzword in computing centers across the country is and will be campus‐wide information systems, or networks. (I may have to eat those words if in the next eight years we are able to do away with our keyboards and provide all input to our machines by handwriting or voice. Even in that scenario, it is difficult to picture a computing lab with twenty to fifty machines and students, each conversing with her or his machine to complete a paper due in ten minutes!)
Online Public Access Catalogs‐ New Interface Possibilities
Authors: Schuyler Michael
Published: January 2008

Last month I left the McDonald's cash register interface squared off against Lare Mischo's “command line or death” ultimatum. To those who feel each end of this spectrum has lapsed into hyperbole, I must report a very serious discussion held recently in the largest library in our state, where the so‐called “ATM” (automatic teller machine) interface was deemed a real possibility.
The Library in Academic Computing
Authors: Brandt D. Scott
Published: January 2008

On Using the Network… Considerations for Training. The Network. It can sound so ominous, so intimidating, and so ambiguous. No small wonder since it can include anything from a small local area network connecting CD‐ROMs in a library, to a larger campus‐wide system that ties together many local computing resources along with the online catalog, to the Internet with all its links to computing resources worldwide. To add to the complexity, users can dial‐in remotely, from their offices, labs, or homes using a variety of software and hardware.
News Briefs
Authors: Melin Nelson Nancy
Published: January 2008

Apple Ships System 7. Apple Computer, Inc. announced that it is shipping System 7, the much anticipated upgrade to the Macintosh operating system and the most significant enhancement to Macintosh since its introduction in 1984.
Integrated Library Systems
Authors: Hinnebusch Mark
Published: January 2008

Monitoring System Performance. This is the final installment of a multipart article on resource usage issues in library automation systems. The first three parts dealt with specifying resource usage and performance goals. This article will deal with monitoring system performance. Most system monitoring in the current library automation world is anecdotal. The person responsible for the system receives a telephone call, or many calls, indicating that the system is not performing properly. Usually, that is the sum total statement of performance. By the time an individual actually becomes frustrated enough to call about the system's degraded performance, their perception of the problem has generally grown far worse that the problem actually is. Yet, in many cases, the perception is what really matters and it is often quite impossible to budge people from that perception once it is formed.
Integrated Library Systems
Authors: Hinnebusch Mark
Published: January 2008

Some of the most exciting and potentially challenging developments for the academic and library communities are the growth of the electronic network, the explosion in the number of information sources becoming available through the network, and the connection of many libraries to the network. Much has been written, often with the zeal of the newly converted, of these wondrous events. So, it is appropriate for me to put in my two cents worth, for better or worse.
Of Road Maps, Treasure Maps, Weather Maps, and Exploration
Authors: Brandt D. Scott
Published: January 2008

A couple of sources fresh on the scene might make it easier for both experienced and new Internet users to access, use, and explore the Net A rather hefty tome is The User's Directory of Computer Networks edited by Tracy LaQuey. It is described as a “road atlas” of academic and research networks that “describes and depicts highways and highway interchanges.” It provides in print form both an overview and explanation of many networks, as well as listings of various sites (such as BITNET hosts).
The Library in Academic Computing: Incorporating Electronic Access to Journals Through the Internet into the Virtual Collection
Authors: Scoff Brandf D.
Published: January 2008

Electronic vs. print. Access vs. ownership. Real vs. virtual. Libraries have moved from a posture of building collections to one of developing and managing them, and are now focusing much of their attention and resources on accessing them. These collections can be owned or not, in electronic format or print, and may be used but not kept or recorded in any way. As librarians move through this transitional state, they will need to seek the best balance or trade‐offs between amounts or types of resources they can provide for their users.
Online Public Access Catalogs
Authors: Sloan Bernie
Published: January 2008

This column marks the first in a series dealing with networked access to online public access catalogs (OPACs). Networked and remote access can take many forms. A local user can access a local OPAC through a local campus network. A local user can access remote OPACs using the local OPAC as a gateway. Remote users can access the local OPAC through external networks such as the Internet.
Integrated Library Systems: Electronic Networking and Electronic Dissemination of Information (EDI): A Review
Authors: Hinnebusch Mark
Published: January 2008

Reviews a conference held in Orlando, USA in October 1991 with the
same title as the article. Looks at the topics covered by various
speakers at the conference, including papers on the Internet; networked
services for education; optical imaging; STM publishing; campus‐wide
information systems and access to educational resources on the Internet.
Also reports on Electronic Data Interchange, Image Transmission and
electronic publishing.
The Library in Academic Computing: Re‐Imaging the Library
Authors: Brandt D. Scott
Published: January 2008

Maintains that the image of the library as merely a place where
people go to read books is obsolete now that automated services are so
widespread. Looks at electronic journals, formerly almost all in ASCII
format, although a new journal is to be digitized and include diagrams,
tables and pictures etc. Points out that digitization is perhaps the
best way to facilitate enhanced access to information currently hidden
in books. Considers the problems that publishers will face in
controlling access and tracking use in order to collect revenues, as
well as potential problems of indexing.
Online Public Access Catalogs: Remote Access and the Invisible User
Authors: Sloan Bernie
Published: January 2008

Looks at the needs to begin planning for remote access to online
public access catalogs (OPACs), and to consider the special needs of the
remote user – beginning at the institutional level – for
example, how well does the campus network match up to the ideal service
level of easy access for every faculty member and student? Considers
other possibilities, such as dial access, dedicated workstations or
local area networks. Makes the point that the existence of the service
must be advertised, potential users of remote services are unlikely to
be aware of its existence if it has not been advertised outside of the
library itself. Document delivery is another important issue that needs
to be addressed if the remote user is to receive satisfactory service
levels.
News Briefs
Authors: Melin Nelson Nancy
Published: January 2008

Chadwyck‐Healey Announces the Patrologla Latina Database. The Patrologia Latina Database is a major text conversion and electronic publishing project. It is a complete machine‐readable edition of the classic nineteenth‐century collection of texts edited by the ecclesiastical publisher Jacques‐Paul Migne.
News Briefs
Authors: Melin Nelson Nancy
Published: January 2008

IDI Announces TECHLIBplus. Information Dimensions Inc. (IDI) announces the release of an enhanced version of its widely used library automation and management system, TECHLIBplus™. Version 3.2 features the addition of action bars to the online patron access catalog (OPAC) providing easy access to system functions by end‐users and a new command, BROWSE, for quick review of indexes or thesauri. British and French versions are available with this release and a German version is scheduled for late 1992.
Online Public Access Catalogs: Linking OPACs: Policy Issues and Considerations
Authors: Sloan Bernie
Published: January 2008

Librarians had it pretty easy in the “good old days” of stand‐alone OPACs. Users would wander into to the library, sidle up to an OPAC terminal, and search for the desired item. If the user found what he or she was looking for, fine. If not, the user's search went beyond the world of new‐fangled technology and into the more comfortably traditional ILL process. Depending on the individual library, the search would continue in an automated environment (e.g., on OCLC), or perhaps even revert back to a manual process (ALA ILL forms, etc.). Either way, the user was left in the dark, as ILL was more or less a “back room” process.
The Library in Academic Computing: UNIX and Internetworking
Authors: Brandt D. Scott
Published: January 2008

Assesses the role of UNIX in the future of information and
internetworking. Argues that librarians should be familiar with UNIX as
so many information systems run on it, and especially because it lend
itself so well to the client/server model of networking, which
researchers insist is one of the few ways to ensure speedy storage and
retrieval in systems that have very large databases.
News Briefs
Authors: Melin Nelson Nancy
Published: January 2008

IBM Announces Multimedia Authoring Tool. IBM announces LinkWay Live!™, a new member of the Linkway™ family. LinkWay Live! is an inexpensive, DOS‐based authoring and presentation tool that allows teachers, students, professional authors, and others to use full‐motion video, sound, animation, and high‐resolution graphics to create multimedia applications.
News Briefs
Authors: Melin Nelson Nancy
Published: January 2008

PROTEX™ Keyboarding System Fights Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) currently costs U.S. employers in excess of $27 billion annually in absenteeism and worker's compensation claims, and is deemed by many experts as the major occupational hazard of the information age. CTS occurs when the nerve and tendons in the carpal tunnel (inside the wrist) are compressed by awkward and forceful hand movements. The symptoms of CTS are numbness, tingling, and pain in the hands and fingers.
Integrated Library Systems: A Primer on Z39.50: Part Three
Authors: Hinnebusch Mark
Published: January 2008

Continues with the third part of an article on the topic of the
NISO Z39.50 protocol for remote search and retrieval of information.
Describes the various Protocol Data Units (PDUs) defined by the Z39.50
standard, for example, ′InitializeRequest′, ′PreferredMessageSize′ etc.
News Briefs
Authors: Melin Nelson Nancy
Published: January 2008

Davenport Group Formed: Common Format for Online Documentation and Publication Systems. A group of over thirty UNIX system vendors, software vendors, and book publishers has formed the Davenport Group in response to the need for a standardized interchange format for computer documentation. The Davenport Group will focus on the establishment of a common interchange format among publishers and UNIX system vendors.
Integrated Library Systems: A Primer on Z39.50: Part Four
Authors: Hinnebusch Mark
Published: January 2008

Last month, I discussed the InitializeRequest PDU in detail. This month, I will start by discussing the InitializeResponse PDU. You may wish to have last month's column handy for reference while you read this. All the parameters defined for the InitializeRequest, with the exception of IdAuthentication, are also defined for the InitializeResponse and their meanings are the same. However, the values the parameters take are those set by the target in response to the values proposed by the origin in the InitializeRequest.
The Library in Academic Computing: “Faces and Bridges”— Part One: Library Computing and User Interfaces
Authors: Brandt D. Scott
Published: January 2008

This is the first of a two‐part article on user interfaces and bridges as they relate to library user interface design. In this first part, a short overview of library computing is given, as well as an introduction to user interface.
Integrated Library Systems: A Primer on Z39.50: Part Five
Authors: Hinnebusch Mark
Published: January 2008

This month's article discusses the query mechanism built into the Z39.50 protocol. There are three types of query defined: type 0, type 1, and type 2. The query is encapsulated in the SearchRequest PDU, discussed last month, and is tagged by its query type value. The type 1 query is an integral part of Z39.50 and is discussed in detail below. Types 0 and 2 are not specific to Z39.50 and are far less important to an understanding of the protocol.
Online Public Access Catalogs: Accessing Abstracting and Indexing Databases
Authors: Sloan Bernie
Published: January 2008

Over the past two issues, I've been discussing the various contractual and licensing issues related to accessing abstracting and indexing databases through the online public access catalog. I've discussed ARL's “Guidelines for Licensing Local Databases,” while expanding on those guidelines and touching on topics not covered by the ARL document. In this issue I'm going to continue my discussion of the questions raised in the ARL guidelines.
Integrated Library Systems: A Primer on Z39.50: Part Seven
Authors: Hinnebusch Mark
Published: January 2008

I promised that this month I would demonstrate a Z39.50 connection by emulating the two systems, showing the messages the protocol data units (PDUs) generated by each system. Before doing this, however, I need to digress to discuss syntaxes. In order for two systems to communicate, they not only need to agree on what will be sent but also on how this information will be represented. OSI protocols in general, and Z39.50 in particular, specify information representation by defining a “transfer syntax.” A transfer syntax consists of a humanly representable definition of the information, called the “abstract syntax,” and specification of the rules used to encode the abstract syntax into a format manageable by machines.
Instructional Computing: Integrating Network‐Based Information Services into Instructional Settings
Authors: Tomer Christinger
Published: January 2008

In the first installment of this series, the discussion focused mainly on the technologies that support participation in computermediated conferences. This installment looks briefly at the conferences and electronic publications native to BITNET. BITNET, an exclusively academic network, is a rich environment, offering users access to electronic journals and newsletters, file services, and computer‐mediated conferences on almost every topic of interest to educators.
Integrated Library Systems: A Primer on Z39.50 — Part 8
Authors: Hinnebusch Mark
Published: January 2008

Now that we have an understanding of the operation of a Z39.50 system, the meaning of all of the parameters encapsulated in Z39.50 APDUs and the use of ASN.1 and BER to encode those PDUs, we will attempt to emulate the transfer of PDUs between two conformant systems.
News Briefs
Authors: Melin Nelson Nancy
Published: January 2008

VTLS to Create Online Catalog for Virginia. The Virginia State Library and Archives in Richmond, which has used the VTLS integrated online library system software since 1983, has contracted with VTLS, Inc., for the CAVALIR ONLINE Database Creation Project. The goal of the project is to create an online union catalog containing holdings of all participating libraries in Virginia.
Data Day: CWIS: What's In A Name?
Authors: Strauss Howard Jay
Published: January 2008

What is this Thing Called CWIS? Once you're sure you need a CWIS, you might like to know just what it is you've decided you must have. In October 1989, I presented the paper “University‐Wide General‐Interest Online Information Systems That Work — And That You Can Afford” to the ACM SIGUCCS conference. The title of this paper is really a definition of an ideal CWIS. If you spot something that fits this definition, it is definitely a fine CWIS. Unfortunately there are many CWIS imposters that fit only a few parts of this definition. Don't be surprised when those CWISes fail to deliver all of the advantages of a CWIS.
Campus‐Wide Computing: Accessing Electronic Journals
Authors: Brandt D. Scott
Published: January 2008

Electronic journals, or e‐journals, can come in many forms, and are of interest for many reasons. In the growing environment of information retrieval under a client/server model, e‐journals are seen as one of the principle means of timely delivery for sharing data and information. Commercial and shareware systems for accessing e‐joumals are currently in experimental modes, but already many successes are setting the tone for how systems will be used in the near future to search and access back issues of e‐journals.
ASIS Convenes in Philadelphia: E‐Journals and Full‐Text Access
Authors: Ensor Pat
Published: January 2008

Reports on sessions at the 1992 American Society for Information
Science annual conference, held in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Includes
recent developments in electronic refereed journals and the future of
electronic publishing. Considers some of the implications for libraries
of the growth in full‐text electronic publications and strategies for
implementation and access. Finally, looks at future roles for academics,
publisher and other users.
Technology Network Puts Texas Online
Authors: Morrison Dan
Published: January 2008

Shows how, with the example of the state of Texas, online systems
can help states more effectively tap the research capabilities of
educational institutions and promote academic research and
collaborations with technology businesses. Considers the Texas
Innovation Network System (TINS) and its role as an information conduit
linking various groups. Details the multiple benefits of TINS to
libraries and the potential of Internet developments. Finally discusses
the new roles for experts brought about by new technologies and methods
of choosing information technologies.
Integrated Library Systems
Authors: Hinnebusch Mark
Published: January 2008

This issue, we will discuss another new features planned for Version 3 of Z39.50. The scan service is the sole service defined in the new Browse Facility. Other services should be standardized later. These include the ability to browse through a record in a result set or in a database, and the ability to browse a database itself. Scan provides the ability to browse a list of values, known as a term list, that particular attributes may take in a database of group of databases. A common example of this function is to scan an index created from a database, such as an author index created from a bibliographic database. Non‐library examples would be browsing the names of people in a personnel file or the course numbers in an academic calendar database.
Special Report: Linking Students and Scholars
Authors: Sabosik Patricia
Published: January 2008

Campus‐wide information systems (CWIS) can be considered the microeconomic approach to information sharing on a campus while the Internet, and its array of databases and services, is the macroeconomic approach. The campus is ideal for the intersection of microeconomic and macroeconomic theory, and also the natural intellectual and technological environment for an intersection of a range of information services.
The Networked Local Library: Developing the Vision Thing
Authors: Marks Kenneth , Nielsen Steven
Published: January 2008

Offers a particular forecast of library networking in coming years,
within the context of individual libraries. Foresees library networking
as being completely dependent on computer client/server approaches;
library patrons or staff should be able to go to a single workstation
and access all resources local or remotely as needed; systems will be
patron friendly, and there will be less dependence on the printed word.
Asserts that library networking will be based on a wireless environment
that will facilitate highly mobile computing and access to information
services.
Reserving Workstations on a Local Area Network
Authors: Pearce Linda
Published: January 2008

Examines the implementation and development of a local area network
user booking system for large reference libraries. Provides a typical
example of LAN use and booking procedures and offers a more effective
alternative for managing the problem of scheduling use.
The Kiosks are Coming! They're Going to Change Campus Life
Authors: Nelson Milo
Published: January 2008

Discusses the increased use and planning of self‐service
interactive kiosks that provide public information services. Looks at
interactive multimedia kiosks in USAir′s new terminal at the Pittsburgh
International Airport installed to make it easier for travellers to find
their way around the city. Outlines a number of applications for such
systems, including use by Federal Express, the US Postal Service, and
the University of Texas student services.
Access to Global Contacts: Online Community Information Services
Authors: Nickerson Gord
Published: January 2008

Examines developments in online community information services,
especially now that many homes have computers with modems and many
people are familiar with the concept and use of telecommunications.
Emphasizes the low cost of online systems in providing information to
the public and to schools. Discusses the Cleveland Free Net, an online
system providing community information in the areas of law, medicine,
education, arts, sciences, and local government. Finally, details the
National Telecomputing network mission statement and goals.
Going to Class, But Not Going to School: Learning from a Distance in Oklahoma
Authors: Sheppart Dwight
Published: January 2008

Discusses various experiments in higher education distance
learning. Examines an attempt made by three Oklahoma companies to offer
their employees a chance to go to college without leaving the workplace,
made possible by a televized instruction system and a new video
conferencing network.
Integrated Library Systems
Authors: Lynch Denis
Published: January 2008

Z39.50 Extended Services. Most production information services provide a suite of services that are not strictly information retrieval, but support real‐world information retrieval application; for example, saving result sets, printing records, and executing queries on a periodic schedule. The Z39.50 Information Retrieval Protocol does not currently include protocol or service primitives to support these services.
E‐Mail Is The Campus‐Wide Information System!
Authors: Mayer John
Published: January 2008

In the fall of 1993, the law school will be going into its fifth year of being networked, and the application that has had the most impact on the culture of the institution is electronic mail. We have realized many of the usual advantages of networking including sharing scarce resources like software licenses, printing, and connection to external services like LEXIS and WESTLAW over the network. E‐mail, however, has changed the culture of the school and worked itself into the daily lives of every student, faculty, and staff member.
Call Me Elijah: Microcomputer Circulation at Southern Illinois
Authors: Anthony Paul
Published: January 2008

In July of 1989, the Circulation Department of Lovejoy Library at Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville began to employ a microcomputer‐based circulation system for tracking various library materials not held or chargeable in our main LCS (ILLINET Online) database. Called Elijah after Elijah P. Lovejoy, the library's namesake, this menu‐driven system was developed over the course of the previous year by the Library Systems Coordinator, John Drueke, and was written in an earlier version of the R:Base software. For handling the occasional circulations of those various uncataloged materials held by almost every library (e.g., loose periodicals, ephemeral documents, and leased browsing‐collection materials), this auxiliary system has provided a practical alternative to the usual paper‐file recording of loans when the principal automated circulation system, in this case a shared, statewide system, allows no such machine option in the absence of an existing database record for the item.
IBM's LANkit: Simplifying Network Management
Authors: Marks Kenneth
Published: January 2008

Reviews the potential of the IBM Academic LANkit, a package
originally used to create networked classrooms and laboratories, and now
seen as being useful for libraries. Shows how LANkit simplifies the
tasks involved in administrating and operating a local area network.
Multimedia and Learning: The Partnership Is Here and Here To Stay
Authors: Gates William
Published: January 2008

Last June, when the U.S. Census Bureau released dismal statistics on the dropout rate in our high schools, then Assistant U.S. Secretary of Education Diane Ravitch responded: “[It's a] warning signal to all of us… that we have a lot of work to do to improve the quality of American education. We know what works, and we don't do it.”
Consumer Health Information: How It's Done In Danbury
Authors: Schott Michael
Published: January 2008

Good ideas have simple beginnings, as I found out when I accepted a part‐time position as reference librarian at the Danbury (Connecticut) Public Library. At a time when health care and health insurance are on everyone's mind, it quickly became apparent that the resources at the library could not meet the health information needs of the average consumer.
A CWIS In Time: It Should Be User Irresistible
Authors: Strauss Howard Jay
Published: January 2008

Some time ago I was invited to be a judge at an elementary school science fair. Before the judging took place, the other judges and I had a chance to meet with the budding scientists, engineers, sociologists, and other fifth and sixth graders who were doing their best to convince us that their projects were Nobel Prize material. One student, skeptical of my qualifications as a judge of his project, asked me, “What's your job when you are not being a judge?” “Why,” I said, “I'm the manager of advanced applications at Princeton University,” knowing that this would have him cowering in awe at my exemplary qualifications to judge sixth‐grade science projects.
OPAC Subject Access: Pet Peeves
Authors: Micco Mary
Published: January 2008

This is the second in a series of columns featuring pet peeves about Online Public Access Catalogs. We encourage readers to join our columnist by sending in their own contributions. The complaint must deal with subject access and must be generic enough to apply to most OPACs. The reader should state the problem and then offer a solution, even if it involves new technologies that are still only on the horizon.
The Internet and Beyond
Authors: Feeney Ann
Published: January 2008

The Library of Congress information systems are now open to public use via telnet, and this opens a great wealth of other information sources, as well as the famed Library of Congress catalogs. The system is complex but quite powerful, and well worth any librarian's time learning to use. It isn't tricky for anyone with DIALOG experience (or any other online searching system that uses set manipulation) to use and provides a fair amount of online help during the search process.
The Planning, Development, and Maintenance of CWISs
Authors: Debreceny Roger
Published: January 2008

Traditional patterns of communications between universities and students are multifaceted, relying on a range of printed handbooks, guides, and publications, many of which are available only on the university campus at staff, administration, and student union offices. There is a fundamental mismatch between this method of information distribution and the profile of many institutions of higher education which see a significant proportion of students studying part time either on‐campus, or, increasingly, off‐campus.
Lafayette College's Network Project Description
Authors: Klein Jim
Published: January 2008

In the fall of 1988, the vision of Lafayette College President David Ellis began to be realized when the Board of Trustees committed to create a leading‐edge campus‐wide computer environment that would provide unlimited twenty‐four‐hour access for every member of the Lafayette community to state‐of‐the‐art information systems technology.
UTLife: University of Toronto Library's Information for Everyone CWIS
Authors: Clinton Marshall , Payette Chantal , Kaszuba Sophia , Meikle Sian
Published: January 2008

UTLife is the CWIS Gopher of the University of Toronto Library (UTL). Recently installed, it encountered many of the classic problems of Gopher development, including menu design and nomenclature, and staff and time constraints. UTLife is aimed at the large academic population at the University of Toronto and is also available to the public. Although much work remains to be done, the CWIS already includes a large range of documents of interest to all areas at the university.
Tech Talk
Authors: Weber Mark
Published: January 2008

Lafayette College currently provides access to thirty‐two shared CD‐ROM data‐bases of various types ranging from the complete works of Shakespeare to the ProPhone national telephone directory on CD‐ROM. The task of providing users access to the many different vendors' front ends for searching these databases can be daunting, not to mention the technical issues involved with sharing CD‐ROMs in the networked environment. This article describes the equipment used at Lafayette College and how it is configured and connected.
Building a Campus‐Wide Information System
Authors: Wiggins Richard
Published: January 2008

Universities revolve around knowledge — its discovery, dissemination, and preservation. In order to achieve its knowledge mission, a university also must disseminate information about itself. Historically, such information was presented in a variety of print media — from campus maps to the course catalog to the library catalog to the faculty and student telephone books to newspapers and newsletters.
Tech Talk: Providing Campus‐Wide Printing Service in a NetWare Environment
Authors: Weber Mark A.
Published: January 2008

At Lafayette College, our campus computer network connects forty‐five buildings via Token Ring to centralized Novell file servers, multiuser host systems, and optical disk databases. The network currently supports shared printing equipment to seventy groups of users including faculty and administrative departments, public access computing classrooms which are open 24 hours, special purpose course labs, and student residence halls. The approach I use, while not without drawbacks, provides our users with an easily accessible interface to printing resources as well as a manageable and supportable platform for our technical staff.
Cleveland Public Library: Revised Search Sheet
Authors: Henry Marcia , Keenan Linda , Reagan Michael
Published: January 2008

This search sheet updates the 1991 Cleveland Public Library search sheet published in the first edition of Search Sheets for OPACs on the Internet. It updates only the standard DRA commands. The keyword searching puts one in a different set of commands and requires a separate search sheet. There are several new commands, rel, t#, so, k, and a slight change in the I.P. address, 192.58.246.2. There are now menu prompts for limit if a search ends in a backward slash, for example: a=shakespeare\
Network 21: Bringing the Campus up to Speed
Authors: Curran Catherine
Published: January 2008

Did you ever think: that a cellular telephone could save a life? . that you could “go” to the library on computer? . that you could send a document over the telephone? . that your 5th grader would be using e‐mail and communicating in real time with a Russian counterpart?
Advertising Food to Children — Dispelling the Myths
Authors: Buss Nicky
Published: January 2008

This paper explores some misconceptions about children's advertising, in the context of food brands. It concludes that children are in essence ‘mini‐adults’, both in their approach to food, and to advertising generally. It illustrates children's sophistication about advertising, but concludes that it is essential to create a rounded ‘brand experience’ beyond any single communication channel.
Case Study — Corporate Opportunities with the 24® Game
Authors: Dexter Colin
Published: January 2008

The 24® Game has successfully linked business, education, and the media in progranunes throughout the world. The following article outlines the historical partnerships which have been formed and the ways in which 24® Game has been used to make the links.
You Can't Market Hot Beverages to Children
Authors: Wilcox Emma , Karet Nickl
Published: January 2008

This paper was first presented at the Marketing Week conference, ‘Marketing Hot Beverages’ on 22nd June 1998 and has been adapted for publication from the script. Its aim is to introduce the world of children to an audience whose industry sector does not require them to have more than a superficial interest or knowledge of that age group. In reaction to the countless times that children are described as ‘cynical consumers’ where ‘pester power’ is the only way to drive sales, it is the authors' intention to present the more balanced view, that children represent an important market sector, one which requires an intellectual approach equal to any other demographic group. Finally we want to show the potential for child focused marketing in this area.
The Relevance of the Social/Family Context and the Impact it has on Children Today in the UK
Authors: Watts Roger
Published: January 2008

This paper will establish the fundamental marketing and communication touchstones that must be acknowledged, considered and understood before developing and implementing any child directed marketing or communication strategy.
McVitie's Penguin — How Role Reversal led to a Reversal of Fortune
Authors: Ellyatt Michael
Published: January 2008

This paper is the story of how new advertising can make a big difference to a brand's fortune. Targeted primarily at mothers it acknowledges the role of children in the purchase/consumption dynamic.
Children's Market — Developing Effective Quantitative Research Methods with Youth On Line
Authors: Dannheisser Peter
Published: January 2008

The children's market is notoriously difficult to undertake research about. Telephoning is clearly not practical and questioning children on the street or even in their homes is likely to raise a few eyebrows. The obvious places, guaranteed full of children, are the schools. However, teachers are rightly unwilling to assist in projects which do not seem to have an educational pay off. The curriculum is demanding enough, the number of actual teaching hours in the day very limited, and the recent government imperatives designed to improve literacy and numeracy are putting immense demands on an already hard pressed profession. The Children's Research Unit has given a great deal of thought to the problem and seems to have come up with a possible solution.
Child Safety — By Accident or Design?
Authors: Woolley Andrea
Published: January 2008

The millennium is almost upon us but depressingly we already know what the major child health problem will be at the start of the new century — accidents. For the whole of this century and especially over the last 15 years it has been a stated aim of UK governments to reduce accidents with specific goals having been set out in documents such as The Health of the Nation and in 1998 Our Healthier Nation. However, there has been no co‐ordinated approach to the implementation of these initiatives. The copyright policy of no co‐ordination, together with other failings in production of safety promotion materials, constitute a serious barrier to success. An opportunity exists, for taking action to address these shortcomings, to develop imaginative initiatives to be put in place in time for both the millennium and the achievement of stated accident prevention goals. It is important to emphasise here the age old problem of terminology. As with any specialist subject it is often the case that words common in day to day conversation take on a slightly different or very specific meaning. Titus ‘accident’ in this context means an unintentional event leading to injury or harm to individuals. ‘Risk’ relates to the likelihood of something potentially dangerous or hazardous actually causing injury or harm. ‘Risk assessment’, therefore, means making judgements about the scale, severity and options for control of the dangerous situation or activity. Putting a perspective on the accident problem will also be helpful in explaining both why accidents pose a health problem and why children are being highlighted as a target group.
What Are Today's Children Eating?
Authors: Strong Maureen
Published: January 2008

As a leading supplier of food management services to schools, Gardner Merchant has conducted extensive national market research into the eating patterns of schoolchildren. The fifth biennial school meals survey confirms that today's children continue to replace the traditional three meals a day with a ‘grazing’ eating pattern. However, it has become questionable whether this pattern of consumption inherently results in a poorly balanced diet. The survey gives an insight to the attitudes, perception and eating behaviour of schoolchildren and considers how they and their parents view school meals today. Trends have been tracked through the nineties to assess the impact of healthy eating messages and to determine how ‘eating out’ experiences in the High Street have influenced the expectations of children and their parents. The results of the survey have been used to inform the development of a new school food service offer called EDz.
Building a Responsible Partnership with Schools JazzyBooks: A Case Study
Authors: Coleman Chris
Published: January 2008

This article looks at the existing forms of in‐school marketing and the results of the launch of the JazzyBooks programme of sponsored school media.
The Web — More Than Just A Playpen?
Authors: Mitchell‐lnnes Belinda
Published: January 2008

This paper explores the nature of the children's online audience and the ways in which organisations are beginning to communicate with children. It concludes that whilst there are real opportunities online companies need to better understand how best to meet the needs of this audience.