bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bisphosphonates and Fracture Healing Efficacy: A Cross-sectional Study on Bone Health in Adults Over 50 in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aleid Abdulsalam Mohammed , Alguizzani Nada Yousef , Al Anazi Mousa Musaad , Alburayman Kawther Yousif , Busaleh Hassan Abdulkhleq , Alhathlol Hussam Ali , Aldanyowi Saud Nayef
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

The study begins with a broad context of osteoporosis, a systemic skeletal disorder characterised by reduced bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue, presenting a significant public health challenge worldwide. Bisphosphonates, drugs that inhibit bone resorption, have emerged as a cornerstone in the management of osteoporosis. However, the efficacy of bisphosphonates significantly hinges on patient adherence to medication. The objective of this study is to ascertain the extent to which bisphosphonate adherence influences fracture healing time and changes in bone mass density, particularly considering the diverse responses observed in various populations.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia from July to November 2023. The study population consisted of 1488 individuals aged 50 years and older who were undergoing bisphosphonate therapy. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. The inclusion criteria were patients aged 50 and older, residing in Saudi Arabia, undergoing bisphosphonate therapy, adhering to their medication and having a history of fractures. Exclusion criteria applied to those who did not meet these conditions and those who declined to participate.

Results:

The study surveyed 1488 individuals, revealing key demographic characteristics. The results highlighted the significant impact of bisphosphonate therapy on fracture risk reduction and improved bone mineral density (BMD). Key findings include the relationship between bisphosphonate use and fracture healing, the prevalence of fracture amongst participants and the association between bisphosphonate therapy and BMD.

Conclusion:

This study emphasises the significant impact of bisphosphonate therapy on reducing fracture risk and improving BMD amongst adults over 50 in Saudi Arabia. It also highlights the importance of patient adherence to medication, suggesting a need for comprehensive patient education and adherence strategies. Bisphosphonates show promise in enhancing fracture healing and bone health, contributing to better clinical outcomes.
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Evaluating the Efficacy of Modified Aktin Diet in Patients with Epilepsy
Authors: Alqahtani Wasan Ibrahim , Alenazi Sarah Fahad , Alhajooj Manar Matar , Alamri Lujain Saleh A. , Al Jarad Alhanouf Awad , Majrashi Ashwaq Bishi , Alnasser Mohammed Nasser , Alhodibi Mostafa Habeeb
Published: January 2025

Background:

Since the 1920s, the ketogenic diet (KD), which is high in fat and low in carbohydrates, has been utilised to treat refractory epilepsy. Less stringent KDs, such as the modified Atkins diet (MAD), have garnered increased attention in the last few decades (MAD).

Methods:

We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with the guidelines outlined in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions as well as adhering to the recommendations set forth by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement.

Results and Conclusion:

There is a statistically significant difference between KD group in comparison to the control group P = 0.0001 regarding the reduction of seizure frequency.
Bioactive components of Syzygium aromaticum bud and their effects on selected pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Mohammed A. , Ahssana H.J. , Balogu T.V. , Mohammed I.L. , Badeggi U.M. , Mohammed Sulaiman
Published: January 2025

Background: The decline in the effectiveness of common antibiotics is due to microbial resistance and has sparked research interest in  discovering new antimicrobial agents from plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of clove extracts on  selected pathogenic bacteria and identify the active antibacterial components.
Methodology: The active components of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) buds were extracted using methanol and ethyl acetate and  identified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Antibacterial screenings against selected pathogenic bacteria  were conducted using the agar-well diffusion method.
Results: The extracts showed activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 100 mg/ml, so that  the diameters of the methanol extracts were 4.00-25.00 mm, 3.00-26.00 mm and 0.00 -16.00 mm, while the ethyl acetate extracts were  3.00-24.00 mm, 4.00-22.00 mm and 0.00-14.00 mm respectively. The ethyl acetate extract showed higher MIC and MBC at 3.125 and 6.5  mg/mL and 12.5 mg/mL, indicating a more lethal effect than the methanol extract. Nineteen bioactive compounds were identified the  extracts.
Conclusion: The study justifies the use of the clove plant by traditional herbalists to treat bacterial infections due to the  presence and synergy of the plant's various bioactive components.
COVID-19 and Dengue co-infection in paediatric patients: An endemic in a pandemic
Authors: Pavani S. , Srinath M. , Sultana W. , Rani V.S. , Mehreen S.F. , Ravi V.
Published: January 2025

Background: The clinical presentation and outcome of COVID-19 are likely to be complicated by co-infection with other endemic viruses  such as Dengue. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of co-infections of SARS-CoV-2 and Dengue viruses in paediatric patients  from Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study of 420 paediatric patients (aged 5-17 years) with febrile illness, consecutively recruited  from the hospital from June to November 2021. Serum samples were collected and tested for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, and COVID-19  positive samples were further analysed for Dengue IgM antibodies by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results: Of the 420  patients, serum samples of 109 (26.0%) were reactive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Of these, 13 were reactive for Dengue IgM antibodies,  giving a co-infection rate of 3.1% (1.9% females and 1.2% males). The three most common symptoms in the co-infected patients were  joint ache (myalgia) in 53.8% (75.0% in females, 20.0% in males, p=0.1026), fever in 46.2% (50.0% in females, 40.0% in males, p=1.000), and  rash in 46.2% (62.5% in females, 20.0% in males, p=0.2657).
Conclusion: These findings suggest that paediatric patients with COVID-19  may be susceptible to Dengue. Understanding the presence of multiple viral infections in paediatric patients is crucial for accurate  diagnosis, management, and prognosis. Further research is needed to explore the potential synergistic mechanisms of these co- infections.
A one-year genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in patients from two sites in Burkina Faso
Authors: Cissé A. , Gouba N. , Lingani M. , Ilboudo A. K. , Ouoba J. B. , Sawadogo C. , Tarnagda G. , Kaboré B. W. O. , Gaye A. , Ouédraogo E. , Kafando A. , Savadogo M. , Gampini S. , Faye M. , Tarnagda Z.
Published: January 2025

Background: Despite the availability of vaccines against SARS‑CoV‑2, mortality due to COVID-19 continues to increase, with nearly 7 million deaths reported globally. Continued analysis of the evolution and genomic diversity can provide necessary information to timely inform public health responses. We report the dynamics of SARS‑CoV‑2 lineages in Burkina Faso between August 2021 and September 2022.Methodology: A total of 188 patients, whose nasopharyngeal and/or oropharyngeal swabs tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR at the National Influenza Reference Laboratory (NIRL) of the Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS) in Burkina Faso, were sequenced, and the whole genomes of the virus annotated and screened for mutations using the ARTIC protocol and Oxford Nanopore Technology. Subsequently, different SARS-CoV-2 lineages  were assigned using NextClade. The socio-demographic characteristics of the study participants were collected. Descriptive statistics on the data were conducted using R software version 4.3.2. Comparisons were made using the Chi-square test for qualitative variables, and statistical significance was set at p<0.05.Results: Majority of the 188 COVID-19 positive cases lived in urban areas (85.1%), travelling from high-risk transmission zones. Of 134 SARS-CoV-2 genomes successfully sequenced and submitted to the NextClade database, the Delta (50.7%, n=68) and Omicron (42.5%, n=57) variants were predominant. The most frequent lineages detected were B.1.617.2 (20.1%, n=27), BA.1.13 (17.2%, n=23), and AY.133 (14.2%, n=19). Temporal trend showed that the pandemic was driven by the Delta variant which was progressively replaced by the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2.Conclusion: Although heterogeneity was seemingly not important during the study period, the Delta variant which was the most predominant variant in the country, was progressively replaced by the Omicron variant. Continuous genomic surveillance might be necessary to timely detect the virulent variants.
Some (after)thoughts on Arnold van Wyk’s Ricordanza (1984)
Authors: Viljoen Nicol
Published: January 2025

This article was written in response to Matildie Thom Wium’s thorough sketch studies of Arnold van Wyk's Ricordanza (1984), which  convincingly support her understanding of the work as a remembrance of the young Marthinus Cloete Basson, who later became a  celebrated director in the field of drama and theatre arts (Thom Wium 2008). Her reading of the work is further validated by inscriptions  in van Wyk’s diary: the first made on 12 November 1973 that ‘MCB’ visited his home that night with friends after a concert (Thom Wium  2008; Muller 2014, 601); the second on 3 December 1973, verifying that Van Wyk made the first sketch for Ricordanza that day, ‘a black  meditation on the D major prelude which MCB had played a little bit that night on the piano’ (Muller 2014, 601; Thom Wium 2008). The  aim of my contribution to this discourse is, through personal recollection and observational musical analysis as proposed by Michael Puri (2017; 2011), to trace compositional influences in Ricordanza that may shape complementary understandings of its meaning and nature. I  base my observations on compositional stimuli of which the composer made me aware during a series of visits to his home during the  period 1973- 81, and materials included in his lectures at the time. I then speculatively interpret these as an additional collection of  compositional ‘genealogies’ to Ricordanza, opening the potentiality of musically inspired ‘narratives’ that may pertain to a further  understanding of the work and its unique stylistic orientation.
The Interplay between Flow States in Music Listening Experiences and Self-Actualisation: An Autoethnography of a Queer Music Educator
Authors: Cupido Conroy
Published: January 2025

Queer individuals in music education often face challenges hindering their well-being and fulfilment, with the term 'queer' serving as a  reclaimed identity within the LGBTQ+ community, symbolising resilience against societal adversity. As a gay music educator, I personally  identify with this term, finding support within my community. Through promoting self-actualisation, I have discovered personal meaning,  emphasising continuous self-growth and authenticity. Research indicates that profound music listening experiences facilitate  self-actualisation by evoking flow states that include positive emotions, peak experiences, and transcendence. While literature explores  music's impact on well-being, further investigation is needed to understand their complex intersections. This study delves into the  interplay between flow states, positive emotions, and peak experiences in music listening, and sheds light on the novel application of  autoethnography as method and its capacity to generate new knowledge. As the primary data source, my unique position as a classically  trained musician and researcher enhances the study's authenticity. Three main themes emerged: features of strong music listening  experiences, music and emotion, and the pursuit of self-actualisation.
Book Review: Music, Art and Emotion: Depictions of the Night Inspired by Romantic Art Song (2022)
Authors: Drummond
Published: January 2025

No Abstract
Book Review: Sound Fragments: From Field Recording to African Electronic Stories
Authors: Struwig
Published: January 2025

No Abstract
Book Review: Activism through Music during the Apartheid Era and Beyond: When Voices Meet
Authors: Olwage
Published: January 2025

No Abstract
Analysis of factors influencing brt performance and proposal of appropriate options for the BRT system in Ho Chi Minh City
Authors: Nguyen Thi Bich Hang , Nguyen Van Dung
Published: January 2025

The success of BRT systems in cities such as Curitiba (Brazil), Bogotá (Colombia), Jakarta (Indonesia), Guangzhou, Beijing, Kunming (China), and Seoul (South Korea) has inspired the widespread adoption of the BRT model. However, popularize BRT systems worldwide has not always yielded successful outcomes, as evidenced by the dismantling of BRT systems in New Delhi (India), Bangkok (Thailand), and Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia) due to operational inefficiencies. This highlights the necessity of customizing BRT systems to suit the unique conditions of each city. This paper presents an analysis of the urban context of Ho Chi Minh City, addressing factors such as population distribution, land use, travel behavior, and the current state of transport infrastructure, to propose a BRT model optimized for the city’s specific conditions. The proposed result is a small-capacity BRT system with dedicated lanes shared with regular buses and open stations serving each direction is the most appropriate solution for the city. These research findings can be applied in the design of future BRT routes in Ho Chi Minh City
Exploring the Integration of Renewable Energy in Building Cooling Systems: A Review of Articles
Authors: Bawa John Agmada , Kabir Ahmad Abba
Published: January 2025

As the earth’s global warming and other environmental problems keep getting worst, the world is moving towards sustainable practices both passive and technologically, especially in energy production and consumption. An important step towards these sustainable practices is the incorporation of renewable energies into our systems. The integration of renewable energy in building cooling systems represents an important shift towards sustainable energy practices. There have been recent research works on the integration of wind, geothermal, and solar energy systems into buildings cooling system in order to minimize environmental effects and increase efficiencies, while making the world more sustainable. This paper seeks to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of using sustainable technologies of solar-powered or geothermal cooling systems in commercial or residential buildings, by reviewing articles on these sustainable practices, aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of existing literature, highlight trends, and identify gaps in the articles. These articles to be reviewed are valuable resources for understanding the current state of research on sustainable cooling systems.
Cabbage breeding tools for biotic and abiotic
resistance
Authors:   Department of Horticulture, School of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University),  India, Prajapati Niraj Kumar , Meena Ramesh Chand ,   Department of Horticulture, School of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University),  India, Kumar Pradeep ,   Department of Horticulture, School of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University),  India, Chand Kajol ,   Department of Horticulture, School of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University),  India, Kumar Pankaj ,   Department of Horticulture, School of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University),  India, Kumar Sanjay ,   Department of Horticulture, School of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University),  India
Published: January 2025

Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) is an important vegetable crop grown globally for its nutritional value and economic importance. However, cabbage production faces significant challenges from various biotic and abiotic stresses, including pests, diseases, and environmental factors such as drought, heat, and salinity. Developing cabbage cultivars with improved resistance to these stresses is crucial for sustainable and productive agriculture. This review article examines the latest breeding tools and approaches used to enhance biotic and abiotic stress resistance in cabbage. It explores traditional breeding methods, marker-assisted selection, genetic engineering, genome editing techniques like CRISPR/Cas9, and emerging technologies such as genomic selection and speed breeding. Furthermore, the article discusses the integration of -omics approaches, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, to accelerate the development of stress-resistant cabbage cultivars. The study also highlights the importance of incorporating farmer preferences and participatory breeding strategies to ensure the adoption and success of these improved cabbage cultivars.
Integrated nutrient management for sustainable cultivation of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) in northern Ganges River floodplain soils of Bangladesh
Authors:   Department of Soil Science, EXIM Bank Agricultural University Bangladesh, Sohel Mehedi Hashan , Tithi Tania Tammim ,   Faculty of Agriculture, EXIM Bank Agricultural University Bangladesh, Ali Md. Fahad ,   Faculty of Agriculture, EXIM Bank Agricultural University Bangladesh, Abdullah-Al-Mamun Md. ,   Faculty of Agriculture, EXIM Bank Agricultural University Bangladesh, Rahman Md. Mahabubur ,   Department of Crop Botany, EXIM Bank Agricultural University Bangladesh
Published: January 2025

Diminution of land and a decline in soil health with fertility due to intensive agricultural practices are the limiting factors for sub-tropical agriculture. Therefore, Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) is an option to fight against traditional farming practices by improving crop yields and managing soil fertility status for long-term sustainability through the combined and careful use of all possible sources of plant nutrients. This study, aimed to investigate the effects of INM tactics to maximize the vegetative and reproductive qualities of Okra under sub-tropical conditions. The entire study was performed in a pot experiment where replications were thrice with 12 INM treatments arranged in a completely randomized design. The results of our investigation revealed that combined application of inorganic fertilizer (75% recommended doses of NPK fertilizer) and 25% organic fertilizer (Compost + Vermicompost + Trichocompost). T9 significantly enhanced the growth of okra plants at different stages as expressed in terms of numbers of flowers, fruits, average fruit weight, 100 seed weight and yield plant-1. We also tested the physiochemical properties of the soil before planting and after the harvesting period. Profitability analysis was performed considering only the variable production costs. Our results suggest that the judicious combination of organic and synthetic fertilizers was more sustainable and productive than other studied treatments.
The efficacy of some ecological insecticides against the defoliating larvae of Lepidoptera spp. on European plum under controlled conditions
Authors:   Fruit Research and  Development Station Bistrița, Romania, Moldovan Claudiu , Roșu- Mareș Smaranda Doina ,   Fruit Research and  Development Station Bistrița, Romania, Guzu Georgeta Maria ,   Fruit Research and  Development Station Bistrița, Romania, Zagrai Ioan ,   Fruit Research and Development Station Bistrița, Romania, Zagrai Luminita Antonela ,   Fruit Research and Development Station Bistrița, Romania, Jakab- Ilyefalvi Zsolt ,   Fruit Research and Development Station Bistrița, Romania, Chiorean Anca Maria ,   Fruit Research and Development Station Bistrița, Romania
Published: January 2025

The European plum (Prunus domestica L.) is the most important fruit species in Romania, and the second most cultivated in temperate regions, after apple. The plum is challenged by a number of pests and defoliating larvae from the order Lepidoptera, that can cause significant losses. Therefore, at Fruit Research and Development Station Bistrita (FRDS Bistrita), the efficacy of four ecological products: Oleorgan (0.3%), Laser 240 SC (0.06%), BactoSpeine DF (0.1%) and Konflic (0.3%), was tested under laboratory conditions in two consecutively years (2021 and 2022). The experiment was conducted on a sample of 50 larvae, the treatments were applied by spraying, and observations were made over a four-days period after the application of the treatments. The results obtained highlighted the potential of some ecological products in controlling defoliating larvae. Thus, Laser 240 SC achieved significant results, causing a mortality rate of up to 80%. Also, BactoSpeine DF demonstrated significant potential in controlling these pests, with a mortality rate of up to 50%. In contrast, Oleorgan and Konflic were less efficient in controlling defoliating larvae. Data collected over the two years laboratory experiments revealed the real potential of some ecological products under controlled conditions.
Pasture with scattered trees
Authors:   1. Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences, Târgu Mureș, Romania; 2. Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Tăslăvan Robert Marius , Szekely-Varga Zsolt ,   Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences, Târgu Mureș, Romania;, Kentelky Ildikó ,   Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences, Târgu Mureș, Romania; Ion Mincu” University of Architecture and Urban Planning Bucharest,
Romania, Kentelky Endre ,   Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences, Târgu Mureș, Romania
Published: January 2025

The "pasture with scattered trees or wooded grasslands" system are traditional land management method that preserves valuable trees, such as fruit-bearing species, on agricultural lands. These trees thrive due to direct sunlight and space, leading to broad, symmetrical crowns. Animals benefit from the trees’ shade, while their presence helps fertilize the soil. The trees also contribute to biodiversity, enhancing the agricultural landscape’s ecological balance. This system has historical significance in regions like Transylvania, where village laws in the 17th and 18th centuries protected fruit trees. Despite its benefits, traditional landscapes like these are increasingly threatened by modern agricultural practices that favor land homogenization and intensive farming, neglecting the environmental and cultural values provided by scattered trees. Efforts to conserve these landscapes involve engaging local communities, promoting sustainable grazing practices, and recognizing the cultural significance of ancient trees. Pastures with scattered trees offer natural, economic, and aesthetic benefits, providing a sustainable model of land management that balances agriculture and environmental protection. However, challenges include changes in land use and policies that discourage tree preservation, threatening the resilience of these landscapes and their socio-ecological systems.
The effect of alternating temperature treatment on seed germination of Pulsatilla tongkangensis
Authors:   School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Korea, Kim Hyun Min , Roh Mark S. ,   Westbrook Dr. 4210, Ann Arbor, USA, Burchi Gianluca ,   CREA Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Pescia, Italy, Young Young Hee J ,   School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Korea
Published: January 2025

The effect of alternating temperature on the germination of Pulsatilla tongkangensis seeds was investigated. Open pollinated seeds were wrapped in a moist paper towel for alternating temperature treatments. Seeds were sown in cells filled with Miracle-Gro Potting Mix and then topped with 0.5 cm of Miracle-Gro Seed Starting Potting Mix. The number of germinated seeds was counted daily until no further germination was observed for 3 to 4 days. The maximum germination rate (49%) was achieved in 18 days when seeds were treated at 22°C for 7 days followed by 5 °C for 7 days, and germinated at 20°C. The low germination rate could result from the inclusion of empty seeds. Mature P. tongkangensis seeds may not have a shallow physiological dormancy since germination was not improved with 14 days of 5°C.
Integrating Romanian traditional motifs with sustainable succulent landscapes
Authors:   Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Cotoz Alex-Peter , Dan Valentin-Sebastian ,   Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Cantor Maria ,   Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Published: January 2025

This study explores sustainable landscape design solutions within the Romanian cultural context by examining two distinct landscape concepts that incorporate succulent and perennial plants, mainly from the Sedum genus. Both designs integrate floral mosaics inspired by traditional Romanian motifs, employing innovative planting practices. Design 1 features a modern suspended floral mosaic, while Design 2 presents a larger, historically themed landscape integrated within an ethnographic museum setting. Each design utilizedcultivars of Sedum species (Sedum acre, Sedum spurium and Sedum spathulifolium), showcasing the aesthetic, cultural, and practical implications of using succulent-based mosaics in landscape architecture. The study highlights their durability and minimal maintenance requirements, positioning them as viable options for sustainable urban landscaping.
Mamba-based Thermal Image Dehazing
Authors:   Yerevan State University, Hovhannisyan Sargis
Published: January 2025

Atmospheric phenomena such as rain, snow, urban, forest fires, and artificial disasters can degrade image quality across various applications, including transportation, driver assistance systems, surveillance, military, and remote sensing. Image dehazing techniques aim to reduce the effects of haze, dust, fog, and other atmospheric distortions, enhancing image quality for better performance in computer vision tasks. Haze not only obscures details but also reduces contrast and color fidelity, significantly impacting the accuracy of computer vision (CV) models used in object detection, image classification, and segmentation. While thermal infrared (TIR) imaging is often favored for long-range surveillance and remote sensing due to its resilience to haze, atmospheric conditions can still degrade TIR image quality, especially in extreme environments.
This paper introduces MTIE-Net, a novel Mamba-based network for enhancing thermal images degraded by atmospheric phenomena like haze and smoke. MTIE-Net leverages the Enhancement and Denoising State Space Model (EDSSM), which combines convolutional neural networks with state-space modeling for effective denoising and enhancement. We generate synthetic hazy images and employ domain-specific transformations tailored to thermal image characteristics to improve training in low-visibility conditions. Our key contributions include using the Mamba architecture with 2D Selective Scanning for thermal image enhancement, developing a specialized Enhancement and Denoising module, and creating a labeled thermal dataset simulating heavy haze. Evaluated on the M3DF dataset of long-range thermal images, MTIE-Net surpasses state-of-the-art methods in both quantitative metrics (PSNR, SSIM) and qualitative assessments of visual clarity and edge preservation. This advancement significantly improves the reliability and accuracy of critical systems used in remote sensing, surveillance, and autonomous operations by enhancing image quality in challenging environments.
Digital Leadership in Underprivileged Schools: Exploring the Role of Digital Communication and Digital Innovation with Technology Adaptation as a Mediator
Authors: Fus Han Robit bin Yusie , Ambotang Abdul Said bin , bin Sulaiman Ghazali@Hassan , Salam Syahrul Nizam , Pantulusang Darussalam Nehemia Bonel
Published: January 2025

This study aims to understand the relationship between digital leadership elements among headmasters of Underprivileged schools in Sabah. A total of 203 headmasters were selected as respondents through random sampling. The data analysis was conducted using Smart PLS, covering three main stages: Reliability and Validity Test, Measurement Model Analysis, and Relationship Validity Test. Reliability and validity tests ensure that the constructed used has high internal validity through Cronbach’s Alpha (CA), Composite Reliability (CR), and Average Variance Extracted (AVE) values. All constructs show values that pass the standard, confirming the suitability of the study instrument. Measurement model analysis, on the other hand, examines the relationship between leadership strategy, emotional intelligence, and digital leadership. The findings show that emotional intelligence and digital communication directly have a significant impact on digital leadership, while digital innovation plays an important role in supporting technology adoption. However, Technology Adaptation did not show a significant mediating effect in this model, suggesting the need to explore other variables such as organizational support or the leader’s strategic competencies. Finally, relationship validity tests using path coefficients and p-values found some significant associations, while others did not. The study concludes that Digital Leadership is the result of the integration of various strategic and holistic elements, rather than solely relying on individual elements such as innovation or technology adoption. The implications of this study suggest the need for more holistic and relevant digital leadership strategies in the context of marginalized schools.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PENYULUHAN SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA DAN PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN PUPUK KOMPOS KELURAHAN LEMPAKE KOTA SAMARINDA
Authors: AZZAHRA SHAFA , BILQIS REGINA , ISLAMIYAH AUDITA , SARMILA SARMILA , H.P MUHAMMAD RIZKY SEFIYAN , MARCHELLO WAFIQ REFALDI , RUSDI RUSDI , KURNIAWAN DENY
Published: January 2025

Waste is a serious environmental problem because its production is increasing in line with population growth and people's consumption patterns. Research shows that 60-70% of household waste is organic and can be processed into compost. Waste management through composting can reduce pollution, improve land quality and help the economy. This activity aims to increase public awareness and ability to manage household waste effectively and sustainably. So it is necessary to educate the people of Kelurahan Lempake , Kota Samarinda, especially the chairman of Rt 9, 10, 44, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, and the local dasawisma mother. The methods used are interviews, counseling, training, demonstrations of direct practice in making fertilizers and distributing leaflets. The results showed a significant increase in increasing public awareness about household waste management. Of the 502 respondents, 10.56% burned waste which poses a health risk. This activity has a positive impact on the environment and health and builds awareness in environmental management.
ABSTRAKSampah merupakan masalah lingkungan yang serius karena produksinya yang meningkat sejalan dengan pertumbuhan penduduk dan pola konsumsi masyarakat. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 60-70% sampah rumah tangga adalah organik dan dapat diolah menjadi pupuk kompos. Pengelolaan sampah melalui pengomposan dapat mengurangi pencemaran, meningkatkan kualitas lahan dan membantu perekonomian. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan kemampuan masyarakat dalam mengelola sampah rumah tangga secara efektif dan berkelanjutan. Maka perlu untuk mengedukasi masyarakat Kelurahan Lempake Kota Samarinda terkhusus pada ketua Rt 9, 10, 44, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, dan ibu dasawisma setempat. Metode yang digunakan adalah wawancara, penyuluhan, pelatihan, demonstrasi praktek langsung pembuatan pupuk dan pembagian leaflet. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga. Dari 502 responden, 10,56% membakar sampah yang menimbulkan resiko kesehatan. Kegiatan ini berdampak positif pada lingkungan dan kesehatan dan membangun kesadaran dalam pengelolaan lingkungan.
A EVOLUÇÃO DA BNCC NO BRASIL DA CONSTITUIÇÃO FEDERAL DE 1988 AO PLANO NACIONAL DE EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Gonçalves Adriana Lin
Published: January 2025

A estratégia adotada neste estudo consistiu em uma pesquisa bibliográfica com enfoque qualitativo para avaliar a execução da Base Nacional Comum Curricular no Brasil, além de relatar de forma cronológica os eventos que ocorreram até a versão final e considerar sua viabilidade em todo o sistema educacional do país. Este estudo também analisa o artigo 3º do Objetivo 7 da Lei n.º 13.005, de 25 de junho de 2014. Essa legislação apenas estabeleceu orientações e implementou o já previsto na Constituição Federal de 1988, no artigo 210, que determina a definição dos conteúdos mínimos curriculares, bem como na Lei n.º 9.394/1996, de 20 de dezembro de 1996, que estabelece as Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional e na Lei n.º 9.394/1996, que menciona: "Os currículos da Educação Infantil, Ensino Fundamental e Ensino Médio devem possuir uma Base Nacional Comum, que deverá ser complementada, em cada sistema de ensino e em cada instituição, por uma parte diversificada, adequada às realidades regionais, culturais e econômicas locais. A implementação das diretrizes da Educação Básica e da Base Nacional Comum Curricular, considerando os direitos dos estudantes e os objetivos de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento para cada ano do Ensino Fundamental e Médio, respeitando as diversidades regionais, estaduais e locais.
REPRESENTAÇÃO SOCIAL DE DOCENTES DO ENSINO SUPERIOR, DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO PRIVADA DO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO PAULO, SOBRE INTERAÇÃO SOCIAL
Authors: Almeida Silvia Gonçalves de
Published: January 2025

Este artigo apresenta representação sociai sobre a interação social por docentes do ensino superior. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, com pesquisa bibliográfica, teste de associação livre de palavras e entrevista semiestruturada com vinte professores de cursos presenciais de uma instituição de ensino superior privada da cidade de São Paulo, com o objetivo de identificar o significado atribuído pelos professores à interação social. Por meio do cruzamento dos resultados obtidos, é possível identificar a representação social dos professores participantes sobre a interação social, considerando que os dados estão relacionados às experiências, opiniões, atitudes e imagens presentes. A partir dessa análise, conseguimos transformar em conhecimento administrável os fatores que nos parecem estranhos, que nos incomodam, que não nos são familiares sobre a interação social no âmbito educacional, no ensino superior.
The added value and potential of long-term radio occultation data for climatological wind field monitoring
Authors: Nimac Irena , Danzer Julia , Kirchengast Gottfried
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Global long-term stable 3D wind fields provide valuable information for climate-oriented analyses of the dynamics of the atmosphere. Their monitoring remains a challenging task given the shortcomings of available observations. One promising option for progress is the use of radio occultation (RO) satellite data, which enable deriving dynamics based on thermodynamic data. In this study we focus on three main goals, explored through the fifth version of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Reanalysis (ERA5) and RO datasets, using monthly-mean January and July data over 2007–2020. Our focus is on a 2.5° × 2.5° spatial synoptic scale over the free troposphere to the mid-stratosphere (i.e. 800–10 hPa). First, by comparing ERA5-derived geostrophic and gradient wind speeds to the original ERA5 ones, we examine the regions of validity of the studied approximations at a given synoptic-scale resolution. Second, to assess the possible added value of the RO-derived climatic winds in terms of their long-term stability, we test their consistency with the corresponding ERA5-derived winds. Third, by comparing the RO climatic winds to the original ERA5 winds, we evaluate the potential benefit of RO as an additional dataset for wind analyses and climate monitoring. With this three-step analysis, we decompose the total wind speed bias into the contributions from the approximation and the systematic difference between the RO and ERA5 datasets. We find that the geostrophic approximation is a valid method to estimate winds in the free troposphere, while the gradient wind approximation works better in the lower stratosphere. Both approximations generally work well over the mentioned altitudes, within an accuracy of 2 m s−1 for the latitudes 5–82.5°. Exceptions are found in winter in the monsoonal area and above larger mountain ranges in the free troposphere, as well as above the northern polar regions in the mid-stratosphere. RO- and ERA5-derived geostrophic winds mostly showed good agreement (within 2 m s−1). However, temporal change in the systematic difference higher than 0.5 m s−1 per decade was found. This points to a possible impact of changes in the source of the assimilated data in ERA5. The overall high accuracy of the monthly-mean wind fields, backed by the long-term stability and fine vertical resolution of the underlying RO data, highlights the added value and potential benefit of RO-derived climatic winds for climate monitoring and analyses.
Calibration of optical particle spectrometers using mounted fibres
Authors: Girdwood Jessica , Ballington Harry , Stopford Chris , Lewis Rob , Hesse Evelyn
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Calibrations of optical particle spectrometers (OPSs) are non-trivial and conventionally involve aerosolisation techniques, which are challenging for larger particles. In this paper, we present a new technique for OPS calibration that involves mounting a static fibre within the instrument sample area, measuring the scattering cross section (SCS), and then comparing the SCS with a calculated value. In addition, we present a case for the use of generalised Lorenz–Mie theory (GLMT) simulations to account for deviations in both minor- and major-axis beam intensity, which has a significant effect on particles that are large compared with the beam waist, in addition to reducing the need for a “top-hat” spatial intensity profile. The described technique is OPS independent and could be applied to a field calibration tool that could be used to verify the calibration of instruments before they are deployed. In addition to this, the proposed calibration technique would be suited for applications involving the mass production of low-cost OPSs.
Southern Hemisphere tree-rings as proxies to reconstruct Southern Ocean upwelling
Authors: Lewis Christian Blair , Corran Rachel , Mikaloff-Fletcher Sara , Behrens Erik , Moss Rowena , Brailsford Gordon , Lorrey Andrew , Norris Margaret , Turnbull Jocelyn
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The Southern Ocean plays a key role in regulating global climate and acting as a carbon sink. This region, defined as south of 35° S, is accountable for 40 % of all oceanic anthropogenic CO2 uptake, and 75 % of ocean heat uptake between 1861 and 2005. However, the strength of the Southern Ocean sink (air-sea CO2 flux) is variable – weakening in the 1990s and strengthening again in the 2000s. Typical methods of constraining the flux must grapple with two opposing forces: outgassing of natural CO2 and uptake of anthropogenic CO2. Reconstructions of atmospheric radiocarbon (Δ14CO2) from Southern Hemisphere tree-rings may be a viable method of observing the one-way outgassing flux of natural CO2, driven by Southern Ocean upwelling. Here we present more than 400 tree-ring ∆14C measurements from 13 sites in Chile and New Zealand from the 1980s to the present. These measurements dramatically expand the dataset of Southern Hemisphere atmospheric Δ14CO2 records. We use these records to analyse latitudinal gradients in reconstructed atmospheric Δ14CO2 across the Southern Ocean. Tree-rings from New Zealand’s Campbell Island (52.5S, 169.1E) show Δ14CO2 was on average 3.3±3.5 ‰ lower than atmospheric background, driving a latitudinal gradient among New Zealand sites between 41.1° S and 52.5° S, whereas samples from similar latitudes in Chile do not exhibit such a strong gradient. We demonstrate that the gradient is driven by the combination of CO2 outgassing from the Antarctic Southern Zone (ASZ) and atmospheric transport to the sampling sites.
A flux tower site attribute dataset intended for land surface modeling
Authors: Shi Jiahao , Yuan Hua , Lin Wanyi , Dong Wenzong , Liang Hongbin , Liu Zhuo , Zeng Jianxin , Zhang Haolin , Wei Nan , Wei Zhongwang , Zhang Shupeng , Liu Shaofeng , Lu Xingjie , Dai Yongjiu
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Land surface models (LSMs) require reliable forcing, validation, and surface attribute data as the foundation for effective model development and improvement. Eddy covariance flux tower data are widely regarded as the benchmark for LSMs. However, currently available flux tower datasets often require multiple aspects of processing to ensure data quality before application to LSMs. More importantly, these datasets frequently lack site-observed attribute data, such as fractional vegetation cover and leaf area index, which limits their utility as benchmarking data. Here, we conducted a comprehensive quality screening of the existing reprocessed flux tower dataset, including the proportion of gap-filled data, energy balance closure (EBC), and external disturbances such as irrigation and deforestation, leading to 90 high-quality sites. For these sites, we collected vegetation, soil, and topography data as well as wind speed, temperature, and humidity measurement heights from literature; regional networks; and Biological, Ancillary, Disturbance, and Metadata (BADM) files. We then compiled the final flux tower attribute dataset by filling in missing attributes with global data and classifying plant functional types (PFTs). This dataset is provided in NetCDF (Network Common Data Form) format with necessary descriptions and reference sources. Model simulations revealed substantial disparities in the output between the attribute data observed at the site and those commonly used by LSMs, underscoring the critical role of site-observed attribute data and increasing the emphasis on flux tower attribute data in the LSM community. The dataset addresses the lack of the site attribute to some extent, reduces uncertainty in LSM data source, and aids in diagnosing parameter and process deficiencies. The dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12596218 (Shi et al., 2024).
China's annual forest age dataset at 30 m spatial resolution from 1986 to 2022
Authors: Shang Rong , Lin Xudong , Chen Jing M. , Liang Yunjian , Fang Keyan , Xu Mingzhu , Yan Yulin , Ju Weimin , Yu Guirui , He Nianpeng , Xu Li , Liu Liangyun , Li Jing , Li Wang , Zhai Jun , Hu Zhongmin
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Forest age is crucial for both carbon cycle modelling and effective forest management. Remote sensing provides crucial data for large-scale forest age mapping, but existing products often suffer from low spatial resolutions (typically 1,000 m), making them unsuitable for most forest stands in China, which are generally smaller than this threshold. Recent studies generated static forest age products for 2019 (CAFA V1.0) (Shang et al., 2023a) and 2020 (Cheng et al., 2024) at a 30-m spatial resolution. However, their low temporal resolution limits their applicability for tracking multi-year forest carbon changes. This study aims to generate China’s annual forest age dataset (CAFA V2.0) at a 30-m resolution from 1986 to 2022, utilizing forest disturbance monitoring and machine learning techniques. Forest disturbance monitoring, which typically has lower uncertainty compared to machine learning approaches, is primarily employed to update annual forest age. The modified COLD (mCOLD) algorithm, which incorporates spatial information and bidirectional monitoring, was used for forest disturbance monitoring. For undisturbed forests, forest age was estimated using machine learning models trained separately for different regions and forest cover types, with inputs including forest height, vegetation indices, climate, terrain, and soil data. Additionally, adjustments were made for underestimations in the Northeast and Southwest regions identified in CAFA V1.0 using additional reference age samples and region-specific and forest type-specific models. Validation, using a randomly selected 30 % of two reference datasets, indicated that the mapped age of disturbed forest exhibited a small error of ±2.48 years, while the mapped age of undisturbed forest from 1986 to 2022 had a larger error of ±7.91 years. The generated 30 m annual forest age dataset can facilitate forest carbon cycle modelling in China, offering valuable insights for national forest management practices. The CAFA V2.0 dataset is publicly available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.24464170 (Shang et al., 2023b).
Suplementación oral de un compuesto probiótico en la mejora de la eficiencia productiva de Cuyes parrilleros
Authors: Meza–Rojas Elmer , Astuhuamán–Pardavé Luis , Cisneros–Gutiérrez Fredy , García–Olarte Edgar , Mendoza–Ordoñez Gilmar , Rodríguez–Vargas Aníbal
Published: January 2025

Se evaluó el efecto de un compuesto probiótico (CP) con Lactobacillus sp., Bifidobacterium sp. y Saccharomyces sp., a una concentración de 2×107 UFC·mL-1, sobre el comportamiento productivo y el rendimiento de carcasa de cuyes parrilleros. Se utilizaron 64 cuyes macho y hembra de 28±3 días de edad, con pesos entre 384,3 y 453,2 g, criados en jaulas de cuatro niveles y alimentados con alfalfa fresca y un suplemento balanceado con 500 ppm de inulina. Los tratamientos consistieron en la administración oral de 0,0; 1,0; 1,5 y 2,0 mL·animal-1 de CP al inicio y en las semanas 3 y 6. Se midieron el incremento de peso (IP), consumo de alimento (CA), conversión alimenticia (CVA) y rendimiento de la canal (RC), analizando los datos con un diseño completo al azar (DCA), y aplicando la prueba de Tukey para las comparaciones de los promedios. Las dosis de 1,5 y 2,0 mL de CP mejoraron significativamente la conversión alimenticia y el rendimiento de la canal, además de reducir el consumo de alimento, sin mejoras significativas en el incremento de peso. Se concluye que la combinación probiótica integrada por bacterias acidófilas en una concentración de 2×107 UFC·mL-1, mejora la eficiencia de la conversión alimenticia y el rendimiento de carcasa de los cuyes parrilleros.