bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transparency as a Platform for Institutional Politics: The Case of the Council of the European Union
Authors: Hillebrandt Maarten
Published: September 2017

The question of transparency is widely regarded as a thermometer of the relation between the Council of the EU and the public at large. Relatively little attention however has been devoted to the implications of transparency (i.e., access for the general public) for inter-institutional information politics, even when the limited evidence suggests that the connection is considerable. This article asks how EU actors use Council transparency as a platform and for what reason. It approaches transparency as a policy that is developed in three arenas: the internal, the external political, and the external judicial arena. The article finds strong evidence in support of the view that the Council’s transparency policy played a central role in EU institutions’ attempt to advance their information ambitions. By strongly engaging with the issue of transparency particularly the European Parliament and its members succeeded at expanding their institutional information basis in an area where their political grip was traditionally at its weakest: the Foreign Affairs Council. Acting in turn as a bargaining chip, a political lever, or an alternative to institutional information, the Foreign Affairs Council’s transparency policy was thus clearly used to advance information agendas of oversight and legislative prerogatives.
Individual perceptions and health seeking behaviour of rural postmenopausal women
Authors: Bala Sudha , Kishore Kumar K. J. , Prabha M. L. S.
Published: September 2017

Background: Menopause is a universal phenomenon in woman’s life. Severe problems during these period impacts on quality of life. Majority of the rural areas has poor knowledge and poor seeking behaviour due to various factors. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted in rural field practice area of Osmania Medical College using pre designed and pretested questionnaire schedule about socio demographic profile, their perceptions of menopause and their related problems; various post menopause related health problems classified using modified menopause rating scale and their health seeking behaviour was assessed. Results: Mean age at menopause was 44.8 yrs. Majority of them (41.8%) perceived their health the same; 37.2% as deteriorated and 4.7% welcomed positively. Common reasons for deterioration were joint pains, eye problems and weight gain. About 35% of them sought health care for any of the postmenopausal health problems. Of these they mostly visited for cardiovascular and skeletal disorders which are long term effects of menopause. Conclusions: Most of the postmenopausal women perceived their health the same and their health seeking behaviour was also less which implies a great need to educate and create awareness about the problems related to menopause.
Atividade antimicrobiana e biocompatibilidade de um medicamento intracanal à base de hidróxido de cálcio e aloe vera
Authors: Bretas Liza Porcaro , Lima Carolina Oliveira de , Raposo Nadia Rezende Barbosa , Aarestrup Beatriz Julião Vieira , Prado Maíra Do , Campos Celso Neiva
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: investigar a atividade antimicrobiana e a biocompatibilidade da pasta de hidróxido de cálcio [Ca (OH) 2] + propilenoglicol (PEG) + aloe vera (AV) em comparação com outras pastas utilizadas como medicação intracanal. Material e Métodos: foram avaliadas 3 medicações intracanal à base de hidróxido de cálcio e propilenoglicol, variando apenas o terceiro componente. No grupo 1, o terceiro componente foi paramonoclorofenol canforado (PMCC); no grupo II, clorexidina (CLX); e no grupo III, aloe vera. A atividade antimicrobiana foi analisada através do contato direto das pastas de medicação intracanal com cepas de Enterococcus faecalis; Kocuria rhizophila; Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Candida albicans. A biocompatibilidade foi avaliada em tecido subcutâneo de ratos durante 7, 21 e 63 dias experimentais. Resultados: observou-se que o Grupo II apresentou os melhores resultados quanto à atividade antimicrobiana, seguido pelos grupos III e I. A pasta de Ca (OH) 2 + PEG + AV foi considerada biocompatível por apresentar discreta fibrose e sugestivas características histológicas de cicatrização normal. após 63 dias, aproximando-se do grupo controle. Conclusão: a associação de Ca (OH) 2 + PEG + AV mostrou atividade antibacteriana e biocompatibilidade adequada quando comparada com pastas comumente utilizadas como medicação intracanal.
Avaliação comparativa da eficácia de um sistema alternativo de remoção de guta-percha com ou sem solvente
Authors: Carvalho Nancy Kudsi , Alvares Gustavo Ribeiro , Sassone Luciana Moura , Krebs Renato Liess , Coutinho-Filho Tauby Souza , Silva Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: avaliar a eficácia do Sistema Reciproc, com ou sem solvente, para remoção do enchimento endodôntico de canais radiculares ovais. O tempo necessário para a remoção da guta-percha e a fratura do instrumento também foram avaliados. Material e Métodos: quarenta pré-molares unirradiculares retos foram confeccionados até o tamanho 30 e preenchidos com guta-percha e cimento, sendo aleatoriamente divididos em dois grupos de retratamento (n = 20), tratados com Sistema Reciproc com ou sem clorofórmio (RS + C e RS). Para todas as raízes, foram registrados erros de procedimento, tempo de retratamento e material apicalmente extrusado. Após o retratamento, as raízes foram divididas longitudinalmente e depois fotografadas. Todas as imagens foram avaliadas com o software Image Tool para calcular a porcentagem de material residual. Os testes de Kolmogorov Smirnov e t foram usados ??para determinar diferenças significativas em P <0,05. Resultados: nenhum tratamento removeu completamente o material obturador da raiz dos canais radiculares. A análise da área total não revelou diferenças estatísticas entre os dois grupos (P> 0,05). Ambos os grupos também mostraram resultados semelhantes em todos os terços testados, sem diferenças estatísticas (P> 0,05). O RS sem solvente foi mais rápido no preenchimento da remoção do material que o RS + C (P <0,05). Para ambos os grupos, nenhum dos instrumentos mostrou fratura intracanal ou sinais visíveis de deformação plástica. Conclusão: em conjunto, nossos resultados demonstraram que o Sistema Reciproc utilizado sem solvente exigiu menos tempo para remover a mesma quantidade de material de preenchimento de raízes do que o Sistema Reciproc com solvente. No entanto, independentemente do uso de solvente, a mesma qualidade de limpeza foi obtida.
A prática da odontologia hospitalar no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Souza Isabela Saturnino de , Santaella Natalia Garcia , Santos Paulo Sérgio Da Silva
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: este estudo tem como objetivo mostrar a prática da odontologia hospitalar no Brasil, revisando artigos científicos sobre o assunto publicados em nosso país. Material e Métodos: revisão integrativa da literatura, incluindo artigos científicos brasileiros sobre odontologia hospitalar no Brasil. Relatos de casos, revisões de literatura e pesquisas originais não realizadas com pacientes foram excluídos. O Google scholar, Pubmed, Lilacs, Scopus e Scielo são os bancos de dados online usados. Resultados: os seguintes resultados foram obtidos dos 28 estudos encontrados na pesquisa: 6 (21,4%) foram realizados com um grupo controle; 17 (60,7%) foram relacionados ao perfil de saúde bucal dos pacientes, 5 (17,9%) foram estudos baseados em questionários, 13 (46,4%) foram realizados com pacientes internados em unidades de terapia intensiva (UTIs) 16 (57,1%) foram realizados em adultos, em 21 (75%) estudos os pacientes internados receberam algum tipo de exame bucal com ou sem intervenção local, e 4 (14,3%) estudos envolveram coleta de material para análise laboratorial. Conclusão: a maior parte dos estudos abordou pacientes internados em UTIs. Os participantes dos estudos, ou seja, pacientes, acompanhantes ou equipe de saúde, consideraram necessário e relevante que os cirurgiões-dentistas estejam presentes em ambiente hospitalar e forneçam instruções de cuidados em saúde bucal aos pacientes internados e à equipe de enfermagem. É necessário aumentar o número de estudos na área de odontologia hospitalar no Brasil.
Editorial
Authors: Amoras Fernando Castro
Published: September 2017

Editorial da edição n.º 2, vol. 07, de 2017
Fasciola hepatica: ecologia e trajetória histórico-geográfica pelo Brasil.
Authors: Oliveira Darlan Morais , Resende Patrícia Oliveira
Published: September 2017

Este trabalho objetivou sintetizar a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica todo percurso histórico e geográfico da Fasciola hepatica pelo Brasil, correlacionando fatos com seu ciclo de vida. A literatura consultada revela que F. hepatica é um parasita que necessita obrigatoriamente de dois hospedeiros para completar seu ciclo de vida: o caramujo Lymnaea, hospedeiro intermediário, e o hospedeiro definitivo, que pode ser de diversas espécies de vertebrados, inclusive o homem. Com tantos hospedeiros, o parasita vem sendo continuamente transportado para ambientes com temperatura moderadas e disponibilidade de água, favoráveis ao seu desenvolvimento. Sua história no Brasil inicia-se em 1918, na região Sul. Nas décadas seguintes, esse trematódeo se expandiu geograficamente até alcançar a região Norte. Logo, conclui-se que há perspectivas da F. hepatica atingir todo o território brasileiro nos próximos anos.
O “progresso” em Blumenau/SC: educação, pobreza e desigualdade social no território de uma escola
Authors: Pottmeier Sandra , Groff Apoliana Regina , Probst Melissa
Published: September 2017

O presente texto reflete a relação entre educação e pobreza e problematiza o papel da escola frente às desigualdades sociais presentes no seu território. O território aqui em destaque diz respeito ao Bairro Progresso localizado no município de Blumenau/SC. O presente consiste em um estudo de caso cujos principais recursos metodológicos utilizados foram: Data Social 2.0, Mapa Temático de Vulnerabilidade Social (MAVS), dados do Censo do IBGE (2010) e contribuições de autores/as cujos estudos focam o município em questão. Conhecida nacionalmente por possuir uma economia em franco desenvolvimento, comparada à Alemanha (Blumenau como cidade alemã) situada no chamado “Vale Europeu”, também é perpassada pelas mazelas da desigualdade social que assujeita milhares de pessoas à pobreza, indivíduos estes que estão vivendo basicamente em ocupações irregulares e áreas de risco. Neste contexto vivem crianças e adolescentes em idade escolar cujas realidades são, por vezes, negligenciadas pelos/as tanto pela sociedade quanto pelos docentes, no contexto escolar. Considera-se, entretanto, que os profissionais da educação precisam (re)conhecer a realidade do território escolar, rever suas ações político-pedagógicas visando a não reprodução das desigualdades sociais nas relações educativas, bem como compreender que a pobreza se constitui em uma violação dos direitos humanos. 
Formação ou produção de professores/as para a educação de jovens e adultos?
Authors: Cabral Paula , Vigano Samira De Moraes Maia
Published: September 2017

As discussões no campo da formação de professores/as têm apontado para a necessidade de rupturas com modelos prescritivos o que requer pensar uma formação a partir de uma outra concepção. Desse modo, este artigo busca debater aspectos referentes à formação de professores/as, a fim de problematizar se essa formação ocorre levando em consideração as especificidades de cada modalidade e dos sujeitos que lá estão, ou se acaba por ser uma produção em massa de profissionais que atendam várias modalidades de educação, sem percepção das singularidades de cada uma delas. Objetiva-se pensar como o binômio experiência e transformação contribui para a reflexão sobre outras possibilidades de formação, ou de produção dos/as professores/as para a Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA). Ampara-se teoricamente em Arroyo, Benjamim, Haddad, Larrosa e Nóvoa. Percebe-se que a produção de professores/as precisa ter como referencial um mundo ambivalente, cuja proposição de normatividades para a contingência parta de quem vive. Para tanto, exige-se rever no próprio processo educativo, as relações que se tecem com elementos como o tempo, espaço, corpo, linguagem, técnica, entre outros.
Every Inch O'Th'Island: Cuba, Caliban and Clandestinidad
Authors: Cruikshank Stephen
Published: September 2017

This article presents the metaphor of the character Caliban seen in Shakespeare's The Tempest that has been used as a manner to compare colonial subjectivities in postcolonial contexts throughout the Caribbean. Analyzing the sociological and economical impact of tourism on Cuba, this paper explores how tourism has given rise to a new subjected "Caliban" in Cuba through the promotion of social and economic disparities. The dispariites inherent between the tourist and the Cuban in the country are seen all throughout the island: the disparity arrives from outside of the island, affects the operations within the island, and even influences the operations "below" the island through the development of the Cuban black-market. Caliban, as this paper proposes, is subjected in "every inch" of the island, yet no longer by colonialists that arrive by ship, but by tourists arriving by plane.
Front Matter
Authors: Rein Sandra
Published: September 2017

Introduction to the issue.
Escaping the Staples Trap
Authors: Workman Thom
Published: September 2017

Kellogg's Escaping the Staples Trap is an imporant and new turn in Canadian Political Economy.
Canada as Churkendoose: A Response to Paul Kellogg, Escape from the Staple Trap
Authors: Lawson James
Published: September 2017

This response is based on a presentation as part of a panel on Paul Kellogg's Escape from the Staples Trap at the annual meeting of the Society for Socialist Studies. The responder welcomes Kellogg's diligent use of statistics and argumentation in critiquing the left-nationalist tradition, including its emphasis on staples (raw-material exports) as central to Canada as a "rich dependency" and false comparisons with countries of the Global South.  It also suggests a possible one-sided over-emphasis on Canada's membership in top-tier advanced industrialized societies, and questions the general emphasis on categorization at the expense of a more humanistic multi-sidedness, or of an acceptance of ironic or paradoxical categorizations.  Some features of Kellogg's positive case about Canada, including "extractivism", need to be more clearly distinguished from the approaches he rejects. Finally, the categorical rejection of the possibility of a sound left-nationalism may need to be explained or qualified.
Coalition building, Capitalism and War– Review article of John Riddell, To the Masses: Proceedings of the Third Congress of the Communist International, 1921
Authors: Kellogg Paul
Published: September 2017

We are entering the centenary of the revolutionary upheavals which convulsed Europe and Asia in the wake of the First World War. Sustained by those upheavals, a new left emerged grappling with the daunting challenges of trying to create an alternative to capitalism and war. John Riddell's three decades of effort to make available the proceedings of the First Four Congresses of the Communist International (Comintern) are part of a new generation working to make available to an English speaking audience some of the key disucssions and deliberations of the left in that era. His latest volume – "To the Masses" – surveying the discussions of the Third Comintern Congress completes this work. Focussing on the united front – what a contemporary left would call "coalition building" – the book is an invaluable resource both to our understanding of this period, and to the challenges our new left faces in the still ongoing struggle against capitalism and war.
Co-operative Development, Policy, and Power in a Period of Contested Neoliberalism: The Case of Evergreen Co-operative Corporation in Cleveland, Ohio
Authors: Rowe James , Peredo Ana Maria , Sullivan Megan , Restakis John
Published: September 2017

After the financial crisis in 2008 and amid growing concerns about climate change, interest in systemic alternatives to neoliberal capitalism is growing. This cultural shift helps explain the enthusiasm from political elites, media, and academics that greeted the launch of Evergreen Co-operative Corporation in 2009. Based in Cleveland Ohio, Evergreen is a network of worker-owned co-operatives with scalability and replicability woven into its design. But how warranted is the broad-based enthusiasm around Evergreen? Is this a model that can be replicated across North America as its founders suggest? Based on site visits and stakeholder interviews, we argue that there are important limits on desires to reproduce the “Cleveland Model.”  However, its ambitions for scalability and replicability position it to contribute to the important project of movement building that can facilitate the policy change needed to scale up the co-operative alternative.
More Will Sing Their Way to Freedom: Indigenous Resistance and Resurgence
Authors: Harde Roxanne
Published: September 2017

More Will Sing Their Way to Freedom: Indigenous Resistance and Resurgence
Participation of migration paths of selected metals in bone
intoxication of Upper Silesia inhabitants
Authors: Brodziak-Dopierała Barbara , Kwapuliński Jerzy , Wiechuła Danuta , Sobczyk Krzysztof
Published: September 2017

Wstęp

Celem pracy była analiza zawartości kadmu, manganu, chromu, ołowiu, cynku i miedzi w tkance kostnej osób zamieszkujących miasta na terenie Górnego Śląska (Bytom, Katowice, Chorzów, Siemianowice Śląskie, Święto-chłowice). Określono również ponadto zależność między zawartością wybranych metali w środowisku i w tkance kostnej.

Materiał i metody

Materiał pobierano w Szpitalu Miejskim w Siemianowicach Śląskich. W grupie badanej poddano analizie 53 głowy kości udowej, w tym 43 od kobiet i 10 od mężczyzn. Próbki tkanki kostnej zostały pobrane w trakcie endoprotezoplastyki stawu biodrowego. Badane tkanki pozyskiwane były śródoperacyjnie w trakcie zabiegów endoprotezoplastyki stawu biodrowego. Zawartość kadmu, manganu, chromu, ołowiu, cynku i miedzi oznaczano za pomocą metody atomowej spektrofotometrii absorpcyjnej za pomocą aparatu Pye Unicam SP-9.

Wyniki

Średnia zawartość pierwiastków w tkankach głowy kości udowej przedstawiała się następująco: Cd 0,16 < Ni 0,85 < Mn 0,87 < Cu 3,77 < Cr 5,37 < Zn 82,42 (µg/g).

Wnioski

Intoksykacja kości metalami z pyłu zawieszonego oraz pyłu wyemitowanego z gleby do powietrza dotyczy głównie mieszkańców Katowic. Porównując te informacje z uzyskanymi wynikami potwierdza się największą zawartość takich metali, jak kadm, miedź, chrom, w tkance kostnej mieszkańców tego miasta.
The Pedagogic Architecture of MOOC: A Research Project on Educational Courses in Spanish
Authors: Fernández-Díaz Elia , Rodríguez-Hoyos Carlos , Calvo Salvador Adelina
Published: September 2017

This study has been carried out within the context of the ECO European Project (E-learning, Communication Open-Data: Massive Mobile, Ubiquitous, and Open Learning) which is being financed by the European Union over four years (2014-17). It analyses the pedagogic architecture of MOOC on pedagogic/educational subjects in Spanish over one academic year (September 2015-June 2016). The analysis focuses on five major dimensions from a qualitative perspective: subjects and the promoting institution, methodology, resources, type of videos, and evaluation. The results demonstrate the hegemony of subjects linked to the Society of Knowledge, such as the widespread use of traditional methodology based on video lessons (the “talking head” model). Communication tools are clearly underused and evaluation based on the use of questionnaires is dominant. The findings show the need for further research into MOOC based on a pedagogic approach such as the one adopted here.
Assessing Acceptance Toward Wiki Technology in the Context of Higher Education
Authors: Altanopoulou Panagiota , Tselios Nikolaos
Published: September 2017

This study investigated undergraduate students’ intention to use wiki technology. An extension of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) has been used by taking into account not only students’ wiki perceived utility and usability, but also Big Five personality characteristics and two other variables, social norms, and facilitating conditions, as proposed in the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). Students’ beliefs before (pre-wiki scenario) and after (post-wiki scenario) the actual use of the wiki system were investigated, with 85 and 86 participants respectively. The hypotheses were tested using partial least squares analysis. For the pre-wiki scenario, 8/15 hypotheses were confirmed and 11/15 for the post-wiki scenario. The relationship between perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness was found to be of the highest magnitude. The most notable difference across the two scenarios was that the relation between perceived ease of use and attitudes towards use was significant only in the first scenario. The results demonstrate that the proposed TAM-extended model could predict students’ wiki acceptance.
Types of Participant Behavior in a Massive Open Online Course
Authors: Kahan Tali , Soffer Tal , Nachmias Rafi
Published: September 2017

In recent years there has been a proliferation of massive open online courses (MOOCs), which provide unprecedented opportunities for lifelong learning. Registrants approach these courses with a variety of motivations for participation. Characterizing the different types of participation in MOOCs is fundamental in order to be able to better evaluate the phenomenon and to support MOOCs developers and instructors in devising courses which are adapted for different learners' needs. Thus, the purpose of this study was to characterize the different types of participant behavior in a MOOC. Using a data mining methodology, 21,889 participants of a MOOC were classified into clusters, based on their activity in the main learning resources of the course: video lectures, discussion forums, and assessments. Thereafter, the participants in each cluster were characterized in regard to demographics, course participation, and course achievement characteristics. Seven types of participant behavior were identified: Tasters (64.8%), Downloaders (8.5%), Disengagers (11.5%), Offline Engagers (3.6%), Online Engagers (7.4%), Moderately Social Engagers (3.7%), and Social Engagers (0.6%). A significant number of 1,020 participants were found to be engaged in the course, but did not achieve a certificate. The types are discussed according to the established research questions. The results provide further evidence regarding the utilization of the flexibility, which is offered in MOOCs, by the participants according to their needs. Furthermore, this study supports the claim that MOOCs' impact should not be evaluated solely based on certification rates but rather based on learning behaviors.
Net Neutrality and its Implications to Online Learning
Authors: Yamagata-Lynch Lisa C. , Despande Deepa R , Do Jaewoo , Garty Erin , Mastrogiovanni Jason M , Teague Stephanie J
Published: September 2017

In this article, we studied net neutrality as a complex sociocultural phenomenon that can affect the works of distance education scholars and online learners. We decided to take part in this research because many distance education scholars and learners take net neutrality for granted. We engaged in a qualitative investigation of US public documents and explored the effects of net neutrality and public digital access, which can influence learner engagement with online educational materials. We focused on identifying tensions in the discourse about net neutrality, especially surrounding the Federal Communication Commission’s (FCC) 2015 Open Internet Order. Our research question was: How do the complexities involved in the net neutrality debate in the United States affect public access to online information and services, and what implications does this hold for online learning? We relied on activity systems as an analytical framework for making sense of net neutrality.
Experimentación de las soluciones tecnológicas del proyecto PAULEX para optimizar la prueba de inglés del examen de acceso a la universidad en España
Authors: Laborda Jesús Garcia , Gimeno Ana , Siqueira Jose Macario de
Published: September 2017

Este trabajo gira en torno a la experimentación inicial de las soluciones propuestas por la Plataforma PAUER-PAULEX para la realización de las Pruebas de de Acceso a la Universidad (PAU) en España a través de Internet. PAUER es una plataforma dedicada a la evaluación de lenguas extranjeras que integra las tecnologías de la información y de las comunicaciones (TIC) en la enseñanza y en la evaluación de conocimientos. La plataforma es uno de los principales resultados del proyecto de investigación Paulex-Universitas, cuyo objetivo es analizar las diversas posibilidades que ofrecen las TIC para la creación, realización y corrección del examen de lengua extranjera de las PAU. En este artículo, se presentan los resultados de la experimentación de campo en la que se han utilizado técnicas de observación cualitativa. En este proceso han participado cerca de 280 estudiantes de segundo de bachillerato, profesores e investigadores. Esta experimentación ha concluido que las pruebas informatizadas pueden ser una alternativa válida al examen actual en papel y bolígrafo, pese a las dificultades que se han encontrado.
A quarta revolução educacional: a mudança de tempos, espaços e relações na escola a partir do uso de tecnologias e da inclusão social
Authors: Araújo Ulisses
Published: September 2017

Este artigo discute os movimentos de evolução da educação nos últimos séculos, buscando demonstrar como movimentos de democratização e universalização do acesso ao ensino promoveram a inclusão de todas as pessoas nos processos educativos. A escola, tal como a conhecemos, estruturada nos séculos XVIII e XIX sob princípios de exclusão e homogeneização, não parece estar dando conta das demandas de uma educação inclusiva, o que vem impactando as metas de qualidade do conhecimento almejadas pelas sociedades contemporâneas. Esse impasse vem demandando uma reinvenção da educação, que envolve transformações nos conteúdos, na forma e nas relações entre docentes e discentes dentro dos espaços educativos. Como exemplo de caminhos a serem seguidos para reinventar a educação, apresenta-se a estrutura de um curso de especialização que articula metodologias ativas de aprendizagem com novas e diversas Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação e a preocupação com a ética pessoal e profissional.
Recursos Educacionais Abertos (REA): modelos para localização e adaptação
Authors: Amiel Tel , Orey Michael , West Richard
Published: September 2017

Neste artigo apresentamos questões relativas à localização e adaptação de recursos educacionais digitais. Começamos com uma discussão sobre objetos de aprendizagem (OA) e recursos educacionais abertos (REA). Apresentamos três estratégias que podem auxiliar designers, professores e usuários a refletir sobre a possibilidade de reuso, localização, e adaptação cultural de recursos educacionais digitais.
Uma análise da produção audiovisual colaborativa: uma experiência inovadora em uma escola de ensino fundamental
Authors: Garbin Monica Cristina
Published: September 2017

O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar de que forma se deu a colaboração entre os alunos e os professores para a construção de um vídeo educativo, em uma escola de ensino fundamental localizada em Campinas. Organizamos nosso trabalho em três etapas, sendo que a primeira correspondente a criação dos materiais a serem usados na pesquisa de campo; a segunda, diz respeito ao trabalho de campo, com observações e entrevistas dos sujeitos, e a terceira relaciona-se a criação de parâmetros para análise dos dados e a análise propriamente dita. Além disso, a pesquisa na escola, realizada entre os anos de 2009 e 2010, foi dividida em duas fases, sendo que na primeira trabalhamos com estudantes e professores do ensino médio e na segunda do ensino fundamental ciclo II. Durante a análise dos dados utilizamos nossa pesquisa bibliográfica para ajudar na identificação dos processos encontrados em nosso material coletado, caracterizando-os como colaborativos ou não. Ao final da pesquisa notamos que o processo de colaboração entre alunos e professores requer uma mudança de postura dos mesmos.
Bagunça na escola: estratégias para serem aplicadas entre escola e grupos
Authors: Silva Cleiton Estevam da , Pfaff Nicole
Published: September 2017

Partindo de uma perspectiva intercultural, este artigo pretende cartografar algumas práticas de alunos e grupos de alunos em sala de aula, a conhecida bagunça, comumente tratadas como prejudiciais ao ensino e organização escolares. Baseando-se na reconstrução documentária de grupos de discussão e entrevistas com alunos do quinto ano de diferentes sistemas escolares (público e privado no Brasil e escolas de baixa e alta qualificação educacionais na Alemanha), discutiremos o conceito de bagunça considerando a sua função social em relação à constituição de grupos de amigos, à carreira escolar e a um descontentamento ou crítica do aluno sobre qualidade de ensino. Função esta que se diferencia e configura de acordo com o contexto social, econômico e cultural do aluno revelando-se, muitas vezes, como sua voz face à obsolescência e ao fracasso da instituição escolar. Do ponto de vista metodológico, empregamos o método de pesquisa qualitativa relacionada a investigações interculturais assim como o método de triangulação sobre o material cultural relacionado.
Os softwares tipo CAQDAS e a sua contribuição para a pesquisa qualitativa em educação
Authors: Lage Maria
Published: September 2017

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir as possibilidades, contribuições e os cuidados necessários para a utilização dos softwares de apoio a análise de dados qualitativos (computer assisted qualitative data analysis software – CAQDAS) em pesquisas na área de Educação. Os aplicativos do tipo CAQDAS têm sido utilizados nas pesquisas em ciências sociais desde 1980, notadamente na Europa e Estados Unidos. No Brasil, a utilização ainda é pequena, mas começa a ganhar força, especialmente pela popularização do uso de recursos computacionais e internet no ambiente acadêmico. O trabalho apresenta uma visão geral dos softwares tipo CAQDAS, discute as possibilidades de aplicações na pesquisa em Educação e os aspectos que precisam ser observados quando da seleção de uma ferramenta deste tipo. Para ilustrar as possibilidades de aplicação destes softwares são apresentadas três pesquisas brasileiras na área de Educação.
The meaning of peer culture for learning at school: the example of a student company
Authors: Asbrand Barbara
Published: September 2017

The empirical research investigates the orientation and learning processes of adolescents concerning global issues in different educational settings. How do adolescents create their knowledge about the world? What worldviews and ideas do adolescents have about global perspectives? How do they deal with the complexity of world society? The qualitative-empirical research focuses on the comparative analysis of learning processes in different educational settings, such as school lessons in different subjects, school-based extra-curricular activities and non-formal youth work outside school. The main topic of the paper is a case study of a group of female students who run World Shop as student company. The objective is to describe a specific learning culture at a gymnasium, a German grammar school, and the learning processes which occur within a certain learning arrangement. In this context, the student company is important both as an extra-curricular project and because issues which occur in its work setting are integrated into different school lessons. The integration of Global Education in school culture results from the presence of the student company in everyday life at school and the combination of informal learning processes within the peer milieu and formal systematic instruction in school lessons. The research reveals the great potential for the desired acquisition of competencies and knowledge. This in turn demonstrates the extent that student learning is encouraged by a particular school and learning culture.
A educação e a arte nos entrelugares da rua
Authors: Moreto Marina
Published: September 2017

Como se dá a educação na rua? Qual encontro é necessário? Qual encontro é permitido? Há educação na rua? Há meninos e há educadores nas ruas, uma relação acontece. Um entrelugar efêmero brota. Para regar o broto: arte. Canetinhas, papéis, pipas, varetas, tintas, olhos, corpos, trabalho, suor. Este texto apresenta uma pequena amostra de dados coletados para pesquisa de mestrado apresentada à Faculdade de Educação da Unicamp, caracterizando-se por um trabalho etnográfico sobre o fazer de educadores sociais e meninos de rua, em Campinas/SP. Observa-se a relação estabelecida entre esses pares, esses corpos educadores entre si. O encontro suficientemente bom de educadores e meninos os leva a construir saberes e metodologias que fazem surgir as possibilidades além rua, da droga, da contenção. A relação entre educadores e meninos confirma que uma grande aliada para a solidificação do vínculo e construção do processo educativo é a criatividade e o fazer das mãos.
ONGs e escolas públicas: a palavra dos educadores
Authors: Silva Daniel Monteiro da
Published: September 2017

Este artigo analisa as conexões entre o público e o privado, no contexto particular do chamado “terceiro setor” e sua repercussão para a área educacional. Ao lado de outros atores, representados por organizações da sociedade civil, as organizações não-governamentais (ONGs) têm ganho cada vez mais visibilidade e despertado o interesse sob diferentes perspectivas. No Brasil, o tema da articulação entre o público e o privado, na área da educação, tem se apoiado muito mais em discursos do que em práticas. Neste artigo discuto resultados de pesquisa qualitativa na qual examino a hipótese de que existe uma contribuição entre ONGs e escolas públicas básicas. Algumas ONGs, na formulação de seus programas e projetos, apesar de estimularem estudantes a frequentar escolas, invalidam as ações por estas realizadas. Tais procedimentos têm contribuído para suscitar oposições entre ONGs e escolas públicas, traduzidas, por exemplo, nas atitudes de estudantes que demonstram interesse, comprometimento e engajamento nas ONGs e apatia, desmotivação e extrema aversão à escola. A falta de uma legislação específica, a ausência de estatísticas oficiais, os discursos sem fundamentação e a pouca visibilidade dos atores que efetivam a parceria entre ONG e escola são elementos importantes deste contexto. Docentes de escolas públicas que atuam simultaneamente em projetos sociais de ONGs se apresentam como atores privilegiados para a compreensão deste contexto.
Optimasi Waktu Maserasi untuk Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) Rind Menggunakan Pelarut Etil Asetat
Authors: Wijayanti Ni Putu Ayu Dewi , LPMK Dewi , KW Astuti , NPE Fitri
Published: September 2017

Background: Maceration is a non-heating extraction method the result of which is affected by the type of solvent and the maceration time. Objective: To get the higher alpha-mangostin concentration (Garcinia mangostana L.) rind that was macerated using ethyl acetate solvent and to determine the optimum maceration time needed to produce high concentration of alpha-mangostin. Methods: the mangosteen rind was macerated using ethyl acetate with the variation of the maceration time of 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours. The extract was then dried using the freeze drying method. The optimum maceration time was determined by looking at the highest concentration of alpha-mangostin from each extraction time using TLC-densitometry method with a silica gel stationary phase of GF254 and a mobile phase of chloroform—methanol (10:0.1, v/v). Results: The results showed that the difference in the maceration time can affect the concentration of alpha-mangostin compound contained in the extract. Conclusions: It was found out that the 24-hour maceration time produced the highest concentration of alpha-mangostin that is 3031.34 ng.
Aktivitas Penghambatan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Cassia Spectabilis Terhadap Pertumbuhan Plasmodium falciparum dan Plasmodium berghei
Authors: Ekasari Wiwied , Tresiana Nindya , Iryani Suciati , Wahyuni Tutik Sri , Arwaty Heny
Published: September 2017

Background: Antimalarial screening against nine species of the genus Cassia showed that the methanol extract of leaves Cassia spectabilis have the highest activity. Since it will be used as a traditional medicine, hence it is needed further studies of antimalarial activity of these plants by choosing a safer solvent, namely ethanol. Objective: In vitro anti-malarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum was conducted using the method of Trager and Jensen. Methods: The serial solution tested were: 100, 10, 1,  0.1 and 0.01 µg/ mL, while the in vivo test was performed based on Peter’s test (The days suppressive test) that using P. berghei (strain ANKA) infected mice. Results: The results showed that ethanolic extract of C. spectabilis leaves has inhibitory activity against P. falciparum with IC50 value of 12.52 µg/ mL and against P. berghei with ED50 value of 131.5 mg/kg body weight. Conclusions: A further study to see the potential of ethanol extract from C. Spectabilis leaves as anti-malaria is warranted.
Gambaran Histopatologi Organ Hati dan Ginjal Mencit Balb/c setelah Pemberian Krim Ekstrak Teh Hijau (Camellia sinensis L.)
Authors: Sugihartini Nining , Fajri M Alif
Published: September 2017

Background:Development of green tea extract formulation with the addition of enhancers to increase the ability of epigallocatechin gallate to penetrate the skin layers has been done. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of green tea extract cream that containing enhancers on the profile of kidney and liver histopathology. Methods: The study used 4 groups which each group was treated with different concentrations of extract (2,0%; 2,5%; 3,0%; 3,5%) and 1 control group. After 24 hours and 14 days of application of the cream, the mice were sacrificed. The liver and kidneys were weighed and made preparations histopathology. Results: The results of the study showed that there similar (p>0,05) of the weight ratio of the liver and kidneys of Balb/c mice after 24 hours and 14 days. As well the histopathological test indicated that there similar (p>0,05) of the liver and kidneys after 24 hours and 14 days of administration of green tea extract cream. Conclusions: The levels concentration of green tea extract in cream (2,0%; 2,5%; 3,0%; 3,5%) that contain enhancers do not affect the liver and kidney histopathological of Balb/c mice.
State, Representative Government and Revolution
Authors: Paccione Peter
Published: September 2017

This is a work of comparative political and constitutional history. The main theme of this essay is the relationship between the executive prerogative and the legislative power held by representative institutions. I analyze the constitutional histories of five countries, Britain, France, Germany, Russia, and the United States, and I consider the location of the supreme lawmaking power within the respective governments. One major aspect of constitutional development which is studied is the role of revolutions. In each account, I trace the major constitutional developments of the revolutions which occurred in each country. One theme of my consideration of revolutions is how they served as a means of constitutional change in each country. Another characteristic of revolutions which is studied was how closely the governments which resulted from the revolutions resembled the old regimes which they replaced. I also briefly analyze the constitutional histories of China, Japan, and Iran, pointing out how they contrast with the European states.
A Station with Multiple Head-Mounted Displays for Learning Advanced Driver Assistance Systems
Authors: Abdelgawad Kareem , Gausemeier Jürgen , Stöcklein Jörg , Grafe Michael , Berssenbrügge Jan , Dumitrescu Roman
Published: September 2017

Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) are technologies that provide drivers with essential information or take over difficult and repetitive tasks. They contribute to improving road safety and increasing driving comfort. Apart from the technical development challenges, training and demonstration of ADAS in safe environments are important concerns for automobile manufacturers and suppliers. This paper presents the concept and prototypical implementation of an innovative training station for learning ADAS with driving simulators. The training station has a scalable and modular architecture, so that more than one driving simulator can be connected to a common instructor unit. Fully immersive visualization is provided by utilizing head-mounted displays for the participating driving simulators. The instructor unit consists of a computer with a developed software tool for session control, monitoring, and evaluation. Moreover, the instructor can use a head-mounted display and participate within the same virtual environment of a selected trainee. A simulation model for an autonomous driving system was implemented and a group of test persons were involved to show the usability and validity of the developed training station for ADAS learning and demonstration.
Rosetta Mission: Electron Scattering Cross Sections - Data Needs and Coverage in BEAMDB Database
Authors: Marinković Bratislav P. , Bredehöft Jan Hendrik , Vujčić Veljko , Jevremović Darko , Mason Nigel J.
Published: September 2017

The emission of [O I] lines in the coma of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko during the Rosetta mission have been explained by electron impact dissociation of water rather than the process of photodissociation. This is the direct evidence for the role of electron induced processing has been seen on such a body. Analysis of other emission features is handicapped by a lack of detailed knowledge of electron impact cross sections which highlights the need for a broad range of electron scattering data from the molecular systems detected on the comet. In this paper we present an overview of the needs for electron scattering data relevant for the understanding of observations in coma, the tenuous atmosphere and on the surface of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko during the Rosetta mission. The relevant observations for elucidating the role of electrons come from optical spectra, particle analysis using the ion and electron sensors and mass spectrometry measurements. To model these processes electron impact data should be collated and reviewed in an electron scattering database and an example is given in the BEAMD, which is a part of a larger consortium of Virtual Atomic and Molecular Data Centre – VAMDC.
Seawater Temperature Prediction Method for Sustainable Marine Aquaculture
Authors: Otsuka Takanobu , Kitazawa Yuji , Ito Takayuki
Published: September 2017

Aquaculture is growing ever more important due to the decrease in natural marine resources and increase inworldwide demand. To avoid losses due to aging and abnormalweather, it is important to predict seawater temperature in order to maintain a more stable supply, particularly for high value added products, such as pearls and scallops. The increase in species extinction is a prominent societal issue. Furthermore, in order to maintain a stable quality of farmed fishery, water temperature should be measured daily and farming methods altered according to seasonal stresses. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to estimate seawater temperature in marine aquaculture by combining seawater temperature data and actual weather data.
Model-Based Multiobjective Optimization Methods for Efficient Management of Subsurface Flow
Authors: Fu Jianlin , Wen Xian-Huan
Published: September 2017

Multiobjective optimization (MOO), which accounts for several distinct, possibly conflicting, objectives, is expected to be capable of providing improved reservoir-management (RM) solutions for efficient oilfield development because of the overall optimization of subsurface flow. Considering the complexity and diversity of MOO problems in model-based RM, we develop three MOO methods—MOAdjoint, MOGA, and MOPSO—in this work to address various oilfield-development problems. MOAdjoint combines a weighted-sum technique with a gradient-based method for solving large-scale continuous problems that have thousands of variables. An adjoint method is used to efficiently compute the derivatives of objective functions with respect to decision variables, and a sequential quadratic-programming method is used for optimization search. MOGA is a population-based method, which combines a Pareto-ranking technique with genetic algorithm (GA) to address small-scale (discrete) problems. MOPSO is another population-based method, which combines a Pareto technique with particle-swarm optimization (PSO) for a wide spectrum of optimization problems. Their advantages and disadvantages are highlighted. To take advantage of the strengths and overcome the drawbacks of these methods, a multiscale hybrid strategy is further formulated for solving complex, large-scale optimization problems by combining these methods at various scales. An example is used to compare these methods. Results show that all three methods can yield improved solutions. MOPSO seems particularly suitable for medium-scale RM problems, mainly because of its relatively fast convergence speed and efficient recovery of the Pareto front. With a proper initial guess and a set of effective weight coefficients, MOAdjoint can most efficiently solve large-scale continuous problems, particularly if model uncertainty is considered. The multiscale hybrid strategy is able to offer the best result.
An Advanced Clarification Process for Treating Produced Waters
Authors: Ringler Eric , Chatterton Bill , Philbrook Dave , Severin Blaine F.
Published: September 2017

An advanced clarification process that was based on enhanced floc removal with magnetite and magnetic ballast [M2 Water Treatment's Magnetic Ballast Clarification (MBC) system] was evaluated in a field study at a hydraulic-fracture wastewater disposal site in southwest Texas. In this process, suspended solids are chemically flocculated in the presence of magnetite, rendering dense floc particles that are also magnetic. Flocculated solids with high settling rates are removed by gravity separation. The settled solids are then removed by use of drum-styled magnetics. Magnetite is recovered and reused. Although technically called clarification, the MBC process is governed by magnetic flux as opposed to gravity forces, allowing for a much smaller unit footprint, a unit that is portable for mobile use, and more dynamic control compared with conventional clarification. Produced water from a total of nine wells was processed during a period of several weeks in July and August 2015 in a 5-gal/min (171-B/D) pilot unit. Most tests were operated at approximately 3.1 gal/min (106 B/D) for consistency with the highly variable wastes encountered. Treated water sufficiently met criteria for reuse on the basis of oil and grease (O&G), total suspended solids, and turbidity removal. The cost included two hypothetical treatment-plant sizes: a local processing unit plant (2,380 B/D or 100,000 gal/D) and a larger regional treatment system (11,900 B/D or 500,000 gal/D). Costs ranged from USD 0.79/bbl for the smaller treatment option to USD 0.22/bbl for the larger option, which included chemical costs and amortized (10 years) capital costs, installation, and labor. Estimates were based on assumptions for water requirements and treatment needs in the Barnett, Marcellus, and Eagle Ford shale plays, and included assumptions on freshwater availability, trucking costs, and treatment costs.