bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UMA ANÁLISE HISTÓRICA DO CONCEITO DE FAMÍLIA: UM ESTUDO DA GENESIS DA FAMÍLIA ATÉ A MULTIPARENTALIDADE E A FAMÍLIA CONSTITUCIONALIZADA EM SEU CONCEITO AMPLO
Authors: Godoy Sandro Marcos , Lorençoni Lima Murilo Aparecido , Morais Cardoso Graziela
Published: May 2020

Este trabalho objetiva analisar a família desde sua gênese, advinda da associação do homem enquanto ser gregário, até a atualidade sobretudo com seus novos contornos através do reconhecimento da multiparentalidade. Ponderou-se que a família possui relevante papel na estrutura estatal, sendo um reflexo da sociedade na qual se encontra inserida. Para oportunizar o objetivo desta pesquisa fora analisado a origem histórica do conceito de família para entender como esta se apresentou durante o passar dos anos e, também, como vem se apresentado hodiernamente. O resultado desta abordagem é apresentado na pontuação de que a família é um fenômeno social e, justamente por ser um fenômeno social, irá mudar no mesmo compasso em que a sociedade mudar, sendo impossível atribuir-lhe um conceito fechado. Posteriormente, o trabalho apresentou suas considerações finais as quais ponderaram que á família deve ser dado um conceito aberto, indo ao encontro tanto dos princípios constitucionais relativos à família como também abraçando as diversas formas de arranjos familiares. A pesquisa que empregou respectivamente os métodos: dedutivo, dialético, histórico e as pesquisas bibliográficas, socorreu-se das ideias de renomados pensadores do Direito como: Fredrich Engels, Lewis Henry Morgan, Antunes Varela, Rodrigo da Cunha Pereira e Paulo Lôbo dentre outros.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa Ditinjau dari Gaya Kognitif Impulsif
Authors: Rismen Sefna , Juwita Ratulani , Devinda Uci
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa serta lambatnya siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah yang diberikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa yang memiliki gaya kognitif impulsif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskrptif kualitatif. Penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling.Instrumen penelitian berupa tes Matching Familiar Figure Tes (MIFFT) untuk menentukan gaya kognitif impulsif, tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah, dan wawancara untuk triangulasi data. Teknik analisis data MIFFT menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan sedangkan teknik analisis data kemapuan pemecahan masalah menggunakan rubrik penilaian berdasarkan indikator pemecahan masalah. Hasil penelitian diperoleh kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa yang memiliki gaya kognitif impulsif lebih dominan berada pada kriteria rendah.
Kemampuan Representasi Matematis Peserta Didik Ditinjau Penalaran Matematis pada Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah
Authors: Nurfitriyanti Maya , Rita Kusumawardani Rita , Lestari Indah
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan representasi matematis peserta didik yang memperoleh pembelajaran melalui model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dan model pembelajaran langsung. Kemampuan representasi matematis tersebut dianalisis dengan memperhatikan kemampuan penalaran matematis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan populasi semua peserta didik Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika FMIPA Universitas Indraprasta PGRI yang sedang menempuh mata kuliah Analisa Real pada semester genap tahun akademik 2018/2019. Sampel terdiri dari dua kelompok yang masing-masing terdiri dari 33 mahasiswa. Data pada penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui metode tes. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis kovariansi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan kemampuan representasi matematis antara peserta didik calon pendidik yang memperoleh pembelajaran melalui model PBL dan model pembelajaran langsung. Perbedaan kemampuan representasi matematis tersebut diperoleh dengan memperhatikan kemampuan penalaran matematis.
Laborers, Migrants, Refugees
Authors: Brankamp Hanno , Daley Patricia
Published: May 2020

This article examines the ways in which both colonial and postcolonial migration regimes in Kenya and Tanzania have reproduced forms of differential governance toward the mobilities of particular African bodies. While there has been a growing interest in the institutional discrimination and “othering” of migrants in or in transit to Europe, comparable dynamics in the global South have received less scholarly attention. The article traces the enduring governmental differentiation, racialization, and management of labor migrants and refugees in Kenya and Tanzania. It argues that analyses of contemporary policies of migration management are incomplete without a structured appreciation of the historical trajectories of migration control, which are inseparably linked to notions of coloniality and related constructions of (un)profitable African bodies. It concludes by recognizing the limits of controlling Africans on the move and points toward the inevitable emergence of social conditions in which conviviality and potentiality prevail.
Living Through and Living On?
Authors: Conti Riccardo Luca , Dabaj Joana , Pascucci Elisa
Published: May 2020

In this article, we examine the school project implemented by the architecture charity CatalyticAction in the informal refugee settlement of Jarahieh, in the Bekaa, Lebanon. In doing so, we propose an approach to participatory humanitarian architecture that extends beyond the mere act of designing “together” an “object building.” We see participatory architecture as a process that develops incrementally through the socioeconomic life of precarious communities—through what we call the “living through” and “living on” of participation. While remaining attentive to the infrastructural and political limitations to architectural durability in refugee settlements, we foreground the social life of architectural forms, and consider the built environment as not simply “used,” but produced and (re)productive through time, beyond, and often in spite of, humanitarian interventions.
The Role of Universities in the Protection of Refugees and Other Migrants
Authors: Jubilut Liliana L.
Published: May 2020

This article reflects on the roles that universities from Brazil and Latin America can play in the protection of refugees and other migrants in the context of a debate of “recentering” the Global South in Refugee and Forced Migration Studies. To that end, it draws on teaching, research, and outreach initiatives as well as general reflections on the topic, and presents examples from Brazil and Latin America.
Lessons from Refugees
Authors: Espinoza Marcia Vera
Published: May 2020

Refugees are the main experts on their own experiences of displacement. They constantly challenge academic research practice and ethical guidelines, as their own lives are under study. This article shares some reflections from research with Colombian and Palestinian resettled refugees in Chile and Brazil, shedding light on refugees’ agency in determining what constitutes safe and ethical research practices.
The Box, the Fish, and Lost Homes
Authors: Choudhury Suranjana
Published: May 2020

The Partition of 1947 is a seminal episode in the history of the Indian subcontinent. Partition is still a living reality; it continues to define the everydayness of lives in the partitioned states. Memory is an important topic in the field of Partition Studies: the act of remembering and the subject of remembrance illuminate our understanding of Partition in more ways than one. Personal memories hold special significance in this regard. This article comprises two personal memory pieces on the cascading effects of Partition in individuals’ lives. The first story is a retelling of my grandmother’s experience of displacement and her subsequent relocation in newly formed India. The story brings forth memories associated with her wedding jewelry box, which she brought with her across the border. The second story focuses on the life experiences of my domestic helper, a second generation recipient of Partition memories.
Fashioning Masculinities through Migration
Authors: Urdea Alexandra
Published: May 2020

The vast majority of literature on migrant masculinities presents situations where migration challenges normative forms of manhood—“undoing gender.” Yet for the Romanians who come to London, migration has the opposite effect, as men are drawn into the wide and lucrative building industry. The article follows constructions of masculinity through an analysis of: (1) the working environment of Romanian men, generally characterized as ridden with risk; (2) the gender dynamics in the household; and (3) the temporariness of the men’s migration in London. The article demonstrates that, in this case, mobility does not entail a “gender compromise,” but a reinforcement of hypermasculine traits, necessary to succeed in an environment seen as highly competitive and risky.
Muslim tradition and conceptions of national development of Arab States
Authors: Rodriges-Fernandes Aleksander M.
Published: May 2020

In the modern Arab world, the search of modernization ways, the forming of state political ideologies as well as creative economical conceptions are still based on the old Muslim tradition. There are 6 schools to be considered. All these schools have significantly influenced both the social structure of the Arab States and people behavior even since the Middle Ages. The common sign of all these schools as well as their strong difference from European philosophy pragmatism is undoubtedly priority of moral and ethic principles over material ones, condemnation of mercantilism and individualism. Thus, the concepts and strategies of Muslim states considering some utopian traditions are essentially national and original, but in any case, they are to be considered as anti-globalist tensions.
Social stratification and institutions of representation based on the materials of Stoglav
Authors: Emchenko Elena B.
Published: May 2020

One of the important directions of historical science development is the study of terminology in both historical documents and in historiography, since there is a certain gap between the language of the researcher and the language of the source, especially the medieval one. The article is dedicated to the terminology of the code of regulations of the church Council of 1551, which makes it possible to learn the views of the authors of the Stoglav on the social structure of society. In addition, it analyzes the vocabulary associated with elected institutions in society. This research changes the existing views of historiography on the social structure of society and institutions of representation, which differ significantly from the views of the authors of Stoglav, bringing us closer to historical reality. The numerous quotations given in the article reflect all the diversity and complexity of various social groups in the middle of the XVI century, indicating the absence of estates that were still being formed at this time. The study of Stoglav’s vocabulary related to various types of elective and representative institutions gives an idea that they play a very important role in the construction of a young unified state, reflecting, on the one hand, the traditions of the preceding period, on the other – emerging new trends.
Die Kunst der ‚Anderen‘ – Untersuchung diskriminierungskritischer Kunstpraxen
Authors: Pilić Ivana
Published: May 2020

Das Ziel dieses Artikels ist, zur Systematisierung diskriminierungskritischer Kunstpraxen beizutragen. Dabei werden Ausschlüsse im Kunst- und Kulturbetrieb am Beispiel der Kategorie ‚Migrant_in‘ besprochen. Der Fokus liegt danach auf künstlerischen Praxen, die die Einbeziehung ‚migrantischer‘ Akteur_innen selbst vorantreiben. Schließlich werden Strategien diskriminierungskritischer Kunstpraxen vorgestellt, die konzeptuell mit Vielfalt arbeiten ohne dabei die Kategorie ‚Migrant_in‘ zu essenzialisieren. Exemplarisch wird anhand von Marta Górnickas Performance Grundgesetz veranschaulicht, wie eine solche künstlerische Arbeit aussehen kann.
Risk Velocity and Financial Markets Performance: Measuring the Early Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Major Stock Markets Performance
Authors: AlAli Musaed S.
Published: May 2020

Capital is coward, money tend to flee the markets during crises periods. In just few days after declaring Coronavirus as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), major stock markets lost more than 15% of their market capitalization. This study aims to examine the velocity of Coronavirus pandemic effect on major stock markets during the early stages of the pandemic. The study also examines whether or not there was any difference before and after the first confirmed Coronavirus case reported. Using the data on eleven major stock markets, results from this study shows that, out of the eleven markets under study, six markets showed no difference in mean return 30 trading days before and after reporting the first Coronavirus case in these countries. The results also showed that WHO announcement had a more impact on the stock markets performance than the announcements of local health authorities’ announcements. One interesting finding in this research is that there was an inverse relation between the distance of the stock market from Wuhan and the financial performance of that market.
Do Non-Rotational Ambulance-Based Placements Affect the Development of Paramedic Competencies from a Student Perspective? A Qualitative Study
Authors: Baranowski Leon , Armour Richard
Published: May 2020

Introduction

University-led higher education for paramedics has been in place for over 20 years, with students in these programs required to complete supervised clinical placements with an experienced paramedic mentor. This investigation aims to establish whether the non-rotation of paramedic students between paramedic mentors while on ambulance-based placements aids or hinders the undergraduate paramedic student's development of competencies.

Methods

Purposive and convenience sampling methods were used, with semi-structured group interviews conducted with second year undergraduate paramedic students for data collection. Thematic analysis was used to draw meaning from the collected data.

Results

Five key themes emerged from within the data. Students reported difficulties in maintaining relationships with their assigned mentors, particularly in situations where conflicting schedules and role changes necessitated frequent rotation between mentors. Students reported feeling there was great variety in the way competency-based learning is managed by paramedic mentors, leading to inconsistencies in assessment. Students also described comparing their own personality and clinical practice against mentors, in order to self-identify more appropriate mentors during the placements.

Conclusion

This research provides an initial insight into how paramedic students perceive the effects of non-rotational ambulance-based placements on the development of competencies. Based on the findings of this research it is not possible to draw firm conclusions as to whether the non-rotation of ambulance-based placements aids or hinders undergraduate student paramedics’ development of competencies. Further research is required in this area across a variety of settings in order to understand the applicability of these results.
Study of the Structural, Magnetic and Transport properties of La3+ Doped Cu-Zn Ferrite
Authors: Nahar K. , Hossain M. A. , Roy P. , Khan M. N. I. , Sikder S. S.
Published: May 2020

Crystalline La doped Cu-Zn ferrite with compositions Cu0.15Zn0.85LaxFe2-xO4 [ x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 and 0.08] were synthesized by using conventional solid state reaction method technique. X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD),

Crystalline La doped Cu-Zn ferrite with compositions Cu0.15Zn0.85LaxFe2-xO4 [x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 and 0.08] were synthesized by using conventional solid state reaction method technique. X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), scanning electron micrographs (SEM), hysteresis loop (M-H) curves and frequency dependent resistivity were employed to inspect the effect of La3+ doping on the structure, microstructure, magnetic and transport properties of the specimens. All the specimens exhibited fcc type cubic spinel structure where the particle size were within 500-1600 nm range. Magnetically ferromagnetic phenomenon was found for all the samples where the effect of La3+ doping consequence on the variation of various parameters like saturation magnetization (Ms), coercivity (Hc) and remanent magnetization (Mr). The resistivity tuned by frequency for all the samples presented the decreasing phenomenon with the increase of applied frequency.
Sistematização de experiências como método para elaborar a crítica política
Authors: Carnut Leonardo , Mendes Áquilas , Guerra Lúcia Dias da Silva , Goraieb Thaís Teodoro , Lopes Tarsila Teixeira Vilhena
Published: May 2020

Resumo: Este artigo visa discorrer sobre a relevância da Sistematização de Experiências como método que ajuda a elaborar uma crítica política aos coletivos. Para alcançar este objetivo, o texto divide-se em três seções. Uma primeira, onde se apresenta as características e fundamentos do método de Sistematização de Experiências, ressaltando seu caráter especificamente crítico-político. A segunda, na qual se abordará as questões relativas à ação, fruto da reflexão (a relação entre pensamento freireano, a luta social e a saúde) de um coletivo chamado ‘Formação é Política’ sediado na cidade de São Paulo – SP (Brasil). E, por fim, discorre-se sobre o uso aplicado do método ao objeto de reflexão, demonstrando como a articulação sistematizada pode proporcionar apontamentos mais claros para guiar as ações futuras do coletivo.Palavras-chave: Sistematização de experiência; Pensamento freireano; Marxismo; Luta social; Saúde. Systematization of experiences as a method for preparing political criticismAbstract: This article aims to discuss the relevance of the Systematization of Experiences as a method that helps to develop a political critique of collectives. To achieve this goal, the text is divided into three sections. The first one presents the characteristics and fundamentals of the Systematization of Experiences method, emphasizing its specifically critical-political character. The second, in which the questions related to action will be addressed, as a result of the reflection (the relationship between Freire's thought, social struggle and health) of a collective called 'Formation is Politics' based in the city of São Paulo - SP (Brazil). And, finally, it discusses the applied use of the method to the object of reflection, demonstrating how the systematic articulation can provide clearer points to guide the collective's future actions.Keywords: Systematization of experience; Freirean thinking; Marxism; Social struggle; Health.
Mindful-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) dan Self-Awareness untuk Menurunkan Kecemasan Ibu Hamil Primipara
Authors: Putri Deacy Anindya , Yuliandari Gunatirin Elly
Published: May 2020

This study discusses the anxiety of primiparous pregnant women before delivery. Primiparous pregnant women are mothers who first have children, so anxiety often arises. Lack of Self-Awareness in primiparous pregnant women, especially those who experience anxiety has its impact. Self-awareness is the ability of a person to judge and place himself in certain conditions. This topic was taken because of the increasingly widespread anxiety in primiparous pregnant women, which resulted in less optimal pregnancy during the psychological impact. The method used in this study is a single case experiment. Giving Mindful-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) is considered effective for reducing anxiety in primiparous pregnant women before delivery. The MBCT session that given relates to inner self-awareness, to increase the participant's self-awareness. Participants' anxiety was measured using the Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Scale (PRAS), while Self-Awareness would be measured using the Mindfulness Attention and Awareness Scale (MAAS). This study involved 2 participants who received intervention for 4 weeks. The results of the study were analyzed with trend analysis. As a result, both participants experienced decreased anxiety before delivery and increased self-awareness after getting MBCT intervention.
Kepribadian Big Five terhadap Impulsive Buying Behavior pada Mahasiswi Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis
Authors: Putri Puji Astutik  , Chusniyah Tutut , Ida Viatrie Diantini
Published: May 2020

College students are individuals who enter the transition from adolescence to adulthood. In this period, they have more opportunities to explore various values and lifestyles. Individuals are looking for experiences that will eventually form personalities. Personality can influence individuals who make risky decisions. Decision-making immediately without prior consideration can make them behave impulsively without thinking about the effect. This study aims to determine the effect of big five personalities on impulsive buying behavior on students of the Faculty of Economics and Business, Airlangga University, Surabaya. This study uses a quantitative approach, the collected data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. Based on the analysis results obtained three conclusions, 1) Most of the students of economics and business at Airlangga University Surabaya have big five personalities that tend to be dominant; 2) Most of the economics and business students of Airlangga University Surabaya have low impulsive buying behavior; 3) Big five personality influences impulsive buying behavior in economics and business students of Airlangga University Surabaya, conscientiousness has a greater influence than extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism, and openness to experience.
ANALYSIS OF LINGUISTICS INTELLIGENCE ON STUDENTS AT CLASS V SD NEGERI 169 PEKANBARU
Authors: Andro Jefri
Published: May 2020

This research is motivated that there are some abilities that must be present in students namely speaking, reading, writing and listening ability that are closely related to student learning outcomes with indicators like palying words, reading and writing using the word ineffective both verbally and in writing. This study aims to look at the level of linguistic intelligence of elementary school students, consisting of reading, writing, speaking and listening skills. This type of the research was descriptive quantitative research. The population in this study was 175 students. The sample used in this study was a saturated sample. The results of reading skills got an average score of 54.61 with a high enough category while for writing skills got an average score of 54.3 with a fairly high category. Furthermore speaking skills got an average score of 75.06 with a high enough category and for listening skills got an average score of 49.62 with a low category. Then the linguistic intelligence of the fifth grade students of SD Negeri 169 Pekanbaru was classified into a quite high category with an average score of 58.36.
THE IMPACT OF ZONATION SYSTEM POLICY IN THE PPDB ON STUDENTS' OBTAINING AT SMA NEGERI 8 SURABAYA
Authors: Idawati Idawati
Published: May 2020

This research was conducted by using a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The quantitative approach was chosen to be tested theories by examining and measuring variables in the form of relationships, differences, influences, contributions, and the others. The research was carried out by describing the students acquisition data on the new student admission (PPDB) using zoning system based on the academic year 2019-2020 and the student acquisition data on the academic year PPDB 2018-2019 as a comparison. Based on the results of the study, the new students of PPDB using zoning system was considered lower in terms of economic and educational background of parents. There were more parents with less education (elementary & junior high school) in the zoning system than in the rayon system, whereas parents with higher education in the zoning system were fewer than the rayon system.  Likewise, in terms of income, there were more people with the low income in the zoning system than in the rayon system, and those having high income were fewer than in the rayon system. The study showed that the intelligence and the result of National Examination Score (NUN) in the zoning system is lower than in the rayon system. The intelligent level of the students in the zoning system is mostly dominated by the scores under 90-109, while in the rayon system were dominated by the scores above 90-109.  The National Examination Scores (NUN) in the zoning system were evenly distributed from a range of scores 0 to 30, while in the rayon system the scores were dominated by a range of scores 28-30, with the lowest score 24.
Debt, Learning and Migration in the Time of Crisis
Authors: Kowzan Piotr
Published: May 2020

This paper discusses the issue of learning in adulthood by those who were indebted during the financial crisis of 2008-2009. The field research was conducted in Iceland, where interviews with indebted Icelanders and migrants were conducted, along with a broader ethnographic study. The result of the study is a model of learning based on Peter Jarvis model, but adjusted when it comes to the context of social crisis and the possibility of migration.
Goal Oriented Time Adaptivity Using Local Error Estimates
Authors: Meisrimel Peter , Birken Philipp
Published: May 2020

We consider initial value problems (IVPs) where we are interested in a quantity of interest (QoI) that is the integral in time of a functional of the solution. For these, we analyze goal oriented time adaptive methods that use only local error estimates. A local error estimate and timestep controller for step-wise contributions to the QoI are derived. We prove convergence of the error in the QoI for tolerance to zero under a controllability assumption. By analyzing global error propagation with respect to the QoI, we can identify possible issues and make performance predictions. Numerical tests verify these results. We compare performance with classical local error based time-adaptivity and a posteriori based adaptivity using the dual-weighted residual (DWR) method. For dissipative problems, local error based methods show better performance than DWR and the goal oriented method shows good results in most examples, with significant speedups in some cases.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of the Design of a Piezoelectric De-Icing System for Small Rotorcraft Part 3/3: Numerical Model and Experimental Validation of Vibration-Based De-Icing of a Flat Plate Structure
Authors: Villeneuve Eric , Volat Christophe , Ghinet Sebastian
Published: May 2020

The objective of this research project is divided in four parts: (1) to design a piezoelectric actuator-based de-icing system integrated to a flat plate experimental setup and develop a numerical model of the system with experimental validation, (2) use the experimental setup to investigate actuator activation with frequency sweeps and transient vibration analysis, (3) add an ice layer to the numerical model and predict numerically stresses at ice breaking with experimental validation, and (4) bring the concept to a blade structure for wind tunnel testing. This paper presents the third part of the investigation in which an ice layer is added to the numerical model. Five accelerometers are installed on the flat plate to measure acceleration. Validation of the vibration amplitude predicted by the model is performed experimentally and the stresses calculated by the numerical model at cracking and delamination of the ice layer are determined. A stress limit criteria is then defined from those values for both normal stress at cracking and shear stress at delamination. As a proof of concept, the numerical model is then used to find resonant modes susceptible to generating cracking or delamination of the ice layer within the voltage limit of the piezoelectric actuators. The model also predicts a voltage range within which the ice breaking occurs. The experimental setup is used to validate positively the prediction of the numerical model.
Ecosystem Services Provision from Urban Farms in a Secondary City of Myanmar, Pyin Oo Lwin
Authors: Helen  , Gasparatos Alexandros
Published: May 2020

Urban farms provide a large diversity of ecosystem services, which collectively have a positive effect on different constituents of human wellbeing. However, urban farms are facing increasing pressure due to accelerated urbanization and socioeconomic transformation, especially in rapidly developing countries such as Myanmar. There is an increasing call to harness the multiple benefits that urban farms offer in order to foster urban green economic transitions and increase the wellbeing of urban residents. This study examines how different types of urban farms provide ecosystem services, focusing on Pyin Oo Lwin, one of the secondary cities of Myanmar. We conduct household surveys with urban farmers representing the three main types of urban farms encountered in the city, namely seasonal crop farms (N = 101), coffee farms (N = 20), and nurseries (N = 20). The results suggest that all types of urban farms in our sample provide multiple provisioning, cultural, regulating, and supporting ecosystem services, which collectively contribute directly to different constituents of human wellbeing such as (a) food security, (b) livelihoods and economic growth, and (c) public health and social cohesion. Food crops and commercial crops (e.g., coffee) are the major provisioning ecosystem services provided by our studied urban farms, with some farms also producing medicinal plants. These ecosystem services contribute primarily to farmer livelihoods and economic growth, and secondarily to household food security (through self-consumption) and health (through nutritious diets and medicinal products). Food sharing is a common practice between respondents for building social cohesion, and is practiced to some extent by most seasonal crop farmers. Almost all surveyed urban farms in our sample provide diverse cultural services to their owners, ensuring the delivery of intangible benefits that have a further positive effect on human wellbeing. It is argued that efforts should be made to ensure the continuous supply of these ecosystem services in order to contribute to urban green economic transitions in Pyin Oo Lwin and other similar secondary cities.
Application of Polynomial Transition Curves for Trajectory Planning on the Headlands
Authors: Boryga Marek , Kołodziej Paweł , Gołacki Krzysztof
Published: May 2020

This paper presents a method of polynomial transition curve application for making agricultural aggregate movement paths during headland turn drives as well as within the field. Four types of agricultural aggregate paths in five different variant designs are discussed. Each path is composed of only two curves, making the so-called transition bi-curve. The curvature described by the linear function as well as the third, fifth, seventh, and ninth degree polynomials was designated. Moreover, a trajectory planning algorithm in which the movement proceeds along two transition curves composing the so-called bi-curve was proposed. The simulation was carried out applying the MATLAB program in which the 4th order Runge–Kutta method was used. The results were presented by means of figures showing the proposed paths and kinematic quantity courses in the displacement function. The obtained trajectories were compared regarding the size and kinematic quantities. The trajectories, whose curvature is described by the 3° polynomial, were found to possess the smallest absolute values of maximal acceleration and jerk and to lack jerk discontinuity. The proposed solutions can be applied for planning trajectory of not only agriculture machines and aggregates but also autonomous vehicles or mobile robots.
Analysis of Plant Height Changes of Lodged Maize Using UAV-LiDAR Data
Authors: Zhou Longfei , Gu Xiaohe , Cheng Shu , Yang Guijun , Shu Meiyan , Sun Qian
Published: May 2020

Lodging stress seriously affects the yield, quality, and mechanical harvesting of maize, and is a major natural disaster causing maize yield reduction. The aim of this study was to obtain light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data of lodged maize using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with a RIEGL VUX-1UAV sensor to analyze changes in the vertical structure of maize plants with different degrees of lodging, and thus to use plant height to quantitatively study maize lodging. Based on the UAV-LiDAR data, the height of the maize canopy was retrieved using a canopy height model to determine the height of the lodged maize canopy at different times. The profiles were analyzed to assess changes in maize plant height with different degrees of lodging. The differences in plant height growth of maize with different degrees of lodging were evaluated to determine the plant height recovery ability of maize with different degrees of lodging. Furthermore, the correlation between plant heights measured on the ground and LiDAR-estimated plant heights was used to verify the accuracy of plant height estimation. The results show that UAV-LiDAR data can be used to achieve maize canopy height estimation, with plant height estimation accuracy parameters of R2 = 0.964, RMSE = 0.127, and nRMSE = 7.449%. Thus, it can reflect changes of plant height of lodging maize and the recovery ability of plant height of different lodging types. Plant height can be used to quantitatively evaluate the lodging degree of maize. Studies have shown that the use of UAV-LiDAR data can effectively estimate plant heights and confirm the feasibility of LiDAR data in crop lodging monitoring.
Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activities of Tendrils and Leaves Extracts from a Variety of Vitis vinifera L.
Authors: Moldovan Mirela L. , Carpa Rahela , Fizeșan Ionel , Vlase Laurian , Bogdan Cătălina , Iurian Sonia M. , Benedec Daniela , Pop Anca
Published: May 2020

Winery industry by-products have a great reuse potential in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields due to their bioactive compounds. This study investigates the phytochemical profile and the bioactivity of Vitis vinifera variety Fetească neagră tendrils extract (TE) and leaves extract (LE), intended to be used in oral hygiene products recommended in periodontal disease. The evaluation of the phenolic content was performed by colorimetric analysis. Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was used to determine the chemical profile of the two extracts obtained from V. vinifera. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined by spectrophotometric methods, as well as on human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) cell line. The cytocompatibility and cytoprotective effect against nicotine-induced cytotoxicity were tested, as well as the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. The TE showed higher total polyphenolic content, rich in rutin, compared to the leaves extract that displayed important amounts of isoquercitrin. The antioxidant effect was confirmed by both non-cellular and cellular tests. The cytocompatibility of the extracts was confirmed at a wide range of concentrations. The cytoprotective effect was demonstrated in HGF exposed to cytotoxic doses of nicotine; 300 µg/mL of both tested extracts decreased nicotine toxicity by approximately 20%. When challenged with E. coli polysaccharides, in HGF cells co-exposed to TE and LE, a reduction in the release of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-8, IL-6 and IL-1β) was observed. The extracts were both able to reduce the levels of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cytokines, and had notable antimicrobial effects on pathogenic bacteria associated with periodontitis.
Time-Dependent Indirect Antioxidative Effects of Oat Beta-Glucans on Peripheral Blood Parameters in the Animal Model of Colon Inflammation
Authors: Kopiasz Łukasz , Dziendzikowska Katarzyna , Gajewska Małgorzata , Wilczak Jacek , Harasym Joanna , Żyła Ewa , Kamola Dariusz , Oczkowski Michał , Królikowski Tomasz , Gromadzka-Ostrowska Joanna
Published: May 2020

Background: Oat beta-glucans are polysaccharides, belonging to soluble fiber fraction, that show a wide spectrum of biological activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the time-dependent antioxidative effect of chemically pure oat beta-glucan fractions, characterized by different molar mass, which were fed to animals with early stage of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) - induced colitis. Methods: The study was conducted on 150 adult male Sprague Dawley rats assigned to two groups—healthy control (H) and colitis (C) with colon inflammation induced by per rectum administration of TNBS. The animals from both groups were divided into 3 nutritional subgroups, receiving for 3, 7 or 21 days AIN-93M feed without beta-glucan (βG−) or with 1% (w/w) low molar mass oat beta-glucan (βGl+) or 1% (w/w) high molar mass oat beta-glucan (βGh+). After 3, 7 and 21 days, the animals were euthanized, peripheral blood was collected from the heart for further analysis. Results: The results of analyses performed on blood samples showed small changes in lymphocytes count and red blood cell parameters such as the number of red blood cell, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and mean corpuscular volume (RBC, MCHC, MCV respectively) as well as normalization of antioxidant potential accompanying moderate inflammatory state of colon mucosa and submucosa. Conclusion: Oat beta-glucans exert an indirect antioxidant effect in animals with TNBS-induced colitis, with greater effectiveness in removing systemic effects of colon inflammation found for low molar mass oat beta-glucan.
Impact of Weight Loss on the Total Antioxidant/Oxidant Potential in Patients with Morbid Obesity—A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Choromańska Barbara , Myśliwiec Piotr , Łuba Magdalena , Wojskowicz Piotr , Myśliwiec Hanna , Choromańska Katarzyna , Żendzian-Piotrowska Małgorzata , Dadan Jacek , Zalewska Anna , Maciejczyk Mateusz
Published: May 2020

The assessment of total antioxidant activity seems to have a higher diagnostic value than the evaluation of individual antioxidants separately. Therefore, this is the first study to assess the total antioxidant/oxidant status in morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. The study involved 60 patients with Class 3 obesity (BMI > 40 kg/m2) divided into two equal subgroups: morbidly obese patients without and with metabolic syndrome. The analyses were performed in plasma samples collected before surgery as well as 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), DPPH (2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical assay, and total oxidant status (TOS) were significantly higher before surgery (as compared to the healthy controls, n = 60) and generally decreased after bariatric treatment. Interestingly, all assessed biomarkers correlated positively with uric acid content. However, the total antioxidant/oxidant potential did not differ between obese patients without metabolic syndrome and those with both obesity and metabolic syndrome. Only DPPH differentiated the two subgroups (p < 0.0001; AUC 0.8) with 73% sensitivity and 77% specificity. Plasma TAC correlated positively with body mass index, waist–hip ratio, serum insulin, and uric acid. Therefore, TAC seems to be the best biomarker to assess the antioxidant status of obese patients.
Selecting a Proper Microsphere to Combine Optical Trapping with Microsphere-Assisted Microscopy
Authors: Liu Xi , Hu Song , Tang Yan , Xie Zhongye , Liu Junbo , He Yu
Published: May 2020

Microsphere-assisted microscopy serves as an effective super-resolution technique in biological observations and nanostructure detections, and optical trapping is widely used for the manipulation of small particles like microspheres. In this study, we focus on the selection of microsphere types for the combination of the optical trapping and the super-resolution microsphere-assisted microscopy, by considering the optical trapping performances and the super-resolution imaging ability of index-different microspheres in water simultaneously. Finally, the polystyrene (PS) sphere and the melamine formaldehyde (MF) sphere have been selected from four typical index-different microspheres normally used in microsphere-assisted microscopy. In experiments, the optically trapped PS/MF microsphere in water has been used to achieve super-resolution imaging of a 139 nm line-width silicon nanostructure grating under white light illumination. The image quality and the magnification factor are affected by the refractive index contrast between the microspheres and the immersion medium, and the difference of image quality is partly explained by the photonic nanojet. This work guides us in selecting proper microspheres, and also provides a label-free super-resolution imaging technique in many research fields.
A Review of Thermochemical Energy Storage Systems for Power Grid Support
Authors: Airò Farulla Girolama , Cellura Maurizio , Guarino Francesco , Ferraro Marco
Published: May 2020

Power systems in the future are expected to be characterized by an increasing penetration of renewable energy sources systems. To achieve the ambitious goals of the “clean energy transition”, energy storage is a key factor, needed in power system design and operation as well as power-to-heat, allowing more flexibility linking the power networks and the heating/cooling demands. Thermochemical systems coupled to power-to-heat are receiving an increasing attention due to their better performance in comparison with sensible and latent heat storage technologies, in particular, in terms of storage time dynamics and energy density. In this work, a comprehensive review of the state of art of theoretical, experimental and numerical studies available in literature on thermochemical thermal energy storage systems and their use in power-to-heat applications is presented with a focus on applications with renewable energy sources. The paper shows that a series of advantages such as additional flexibility, load management, power quality, continuous power supply and a better use of variable renewable energy sources could be crucial elements to increase the commercial profitability of these storage systems. Moreover, specific challenges, i.e., life span and stability of storage material and high cost of power-to-heat/thermochemical systems must be taken in consideration to increase the technology readiness level of this emerging concept of energy systems integration.
SENTINEL: A Secure and Efficient Authentication Framework for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Cho Geumhwan , Cho Junsung , Hyun Sangwon , Kim Hyoungshick
Published: May 2020

Extensive use of unmanned aerial vehicles (commonly referred to as a “drone”) has posed security and safety challenges. To mitigate security threats caused by flights of unauthorized drones, we present a framework called SENTINEL (Secure and Efficient autheNTIcation for uNmanned aErial vehicLes) under the Internet of Drones (IoD) infrastructure. SENTINEL is specifically designed to minimize the computational and traffic overheads caused by certificate exchanges and asymmetric cryptography computations that are typically required for authentication protocols. SENTINEL initially generates a flight session key for a drone having a flight plan and registers the flight session key and its flight plan into a centralized database that can be accessed by ground stations. The registered flight session key is then used as the message authentication code key to authenticate the drone by any ground station while the drone is flying. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed scheme, we implemented a prototype of SENTINEL with ECDSA, PBKDF2 and HMAC-SHA256. The experiment results demonstrated that the average execution time of the authentication protocol in SENTINEL was about 3.1 times faster than the “TLS for IoT” protocol. We also formally proved the security of SENTINEL using ProVerif that is an automatic cryptographic protocol verifier.
Double B-Spline Curve-Fitting and Synchronization-Integrated Feedrate Scheduling Method for Five-Axis Linear-Segment Toolpath
Authors: Gao Xiangyu , Zhang Shuyou , Qiu Lemiao , Liu Xiaojian , Wang Zili , Wang Yang
Published: May 2020

The discontinuities of a five-axis linear-segment toolpath result in fluctuation in the feedrate, acceleration and jerk commands that lead to machine tool vibration and poor surface finish. For path smoothing, with the global curve-fitting method it is difficult to control fitting error and the local corner-smoothing method has large curvature extreme. For path synchronization, the parameter synchronization method cannot ensure smooth rotary motion. Aiming at these problems, this paper proposes a double B-spline curve-fitting and synchronization-integrated feedrate scheduling method. Two C2-continuous and error-bounded B-spline curves are produced to fit tool-tip position and tool orientation, respectively. The fitting error is controlled by locally refining the curve segments that exceed the fitting tolerance. The tool-tip position trajectory is firstly planned to address axial kinematic constraints in the feedrate scheduling process. Then the feedrate is deformed for the tool orientation to guarantee smooth rotary motion as well as to share the same motion time with the tool-tip position segment by segment. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method have been validated by simulations and experiments on the S-shape test piece. Simulations show that the proposed curve-fitting method can generate smooth toolpath and constrain fitting error. The proposed feedrate scheduling method can guarantee smooth rotary motion and keep axial motions under kinematic limits, compared with the method that does not consider axial kinematic constraints and the parameter synchronization method. Experimental results verify that the proposed curve-fitting method can generate smooth tool path under fitting tolerance, and the proposed feedrate scheduling method can produce smooth and restricted axial motions.
A Materials Screening Test of Corrosion Monitoring in LiNO3 Containing Molten Salts as a Thermal Energy Storage Material for CSP Plants
Authors: Mallco Abdiel , Portillo Carlos , Kogan Marcelo J , Galleguillos Felipe , Fernández Angel G.
Published: May 2020

Concentrated solar power (CSP) plants, in the context of thermal energy storage (TES) upgrades, need to provide a timely and effective response to the corrosion process that occurs due to the effect of high temperatures, where one of the main challenges is to control its effect, and thus the costs related to the materials used. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and linear polarization resistance (LPR) were applied in this study as a corrosion monitoring technique. The electrochemical tests were carried out on the materials AISI304, AISI430, and HR-224 immersed in a mixture of ternary salt composed of 57 wt.% KNO3 + 13 wt.% NaNO3 + 30 wt.% LiNO3 at 550 °C during 100 h of exposure and subsequently compared with solar salt. The test was also carried out on the VM12 alloy in the ternary salt with lithium content at 100 and 1000 h of exposure at 550 °C. The corrosion tests show that the materials conform to a model of protective layer in which the same results were contrasted with the chemical corrosion mechanism of nitrate mixture. According to the results obtained in this research, electrochemical techniques could be an interesting option to control corrosion in CSP plants and reduce operational risks during operation.