bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FINANCING OF LABOR RESOURCES IN CONDITIONS OF CRISIS CYCLICITY
Authors: ALEKSEYENKO Lyudmyla , TSIZHMA Oksana
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The philosophy of state policy of Ukraine should be aimed at developing the economic potential of the nation and its well-being, the ability of the economy to effectively use and restore labor resources. Therefore, further modernization of labor finance requires the harmonization of economic interests of its participants and the development of society in the context of promoting job creation, business growth and improving the level and quality of life.

Purpose. Disclosure of conceptual bases of financing of labor resources in the conditions of crisis cyclicity and delineation of expediency of application of public-private programs for formation of the proper level of economic stimulation and social support of workers.

Results. The essence of labor resources financing within the institutional, dialectical, reproductive and systemic approaches is substantiated, taking into account the peculiarities of the labor market development. The economic and social principles of increasing responsibility and trust between the state and citizens in crisis conditions are analyzed, in particular, the intensification of state incentives for employment by fully or partially subsidizing the creation of new jobs in enterprises. There was a significant reduction in the number of economically active population, including employed and unemployed. It was emphasized that this situation was influenced by negative trends in demographic development: population aging, rising mortality, depopulation, deformation of gender and age, migration outflow of able-bodied citizens outside the region.

Conclusions. In a market economy, the financing of labor resources should be studied in terms of a set of interconnected elements and subsystems (organizational, technical, managerial, technological, regulatory), which aim to increase the efficiency of the financing process for systemic changes in the environment, including crisis cyclicality. The main components of the state program of labor resources development are determined. To restore labor resources, it is proposed to use public-private programs that provide an opportunity to form an appropriate level of financial incentives and social support for workers. Public-private programs should be structured depending on the level of the subject and the chosen means and tools of material incentives and intangible incentives for employees, improving their professional competencies and professional abilities.
Sociological Analysis of Attitudes of Professional Growth and Career in the Context of Digital Economy and Knowledge Society
Authors: Gelikh O. Ya. , Levitskaya A. N. , Pokrovskaia N. N.
Published: October 2020

A sociological analysis of the factors of integration of young generations into active economic life is based on a study of the values of young people in relation to employment and professional growth. The information society has two key parameters that influence the construction of the trajectory of educational, professional, labor or entrepreneurial activity — the significant role of knowledge in creating value and the digital space as a source of information and the place for individuals to fulfill themselves in society and the social and professional community. A theoretical analysis of labor socialization allows researchers to move on to the results of empirical studies carried out with the participation of authors in 2017 and 2019-2020. The data obtained are evaluative in nature and allow authors to draw conclusions about the influence of the media space on young people entering working age taking decisions on choosing a profession and a form of economic activity, planning employment and career growth.
To the Question of the Classification Patterns of Social Stratification in the Countries of the World (Brief Overview of Some Concepts and Author’s Comment)
Authors: Smirnov S. N.
Published: October 2020

The author considers the problems of typification of society. Some concepts of typification of social stratification models in different countries formulated and justified in historical and legal, historical, sociological, and economic scientific literature are reviewed. The circumstances that make it difficult to formulate universal concepts designed for application in the complex of social Sciences are identified. These circumstances include insufficient consideration of legal factors, including the position of the legislator, the specifics of the corporate legal status, and the characteristics of the mechanism for changing individual legal status. The author offers a variant of classification of society types from the point of view of legal registration of their structure. The possibility of distinguishing types such as consolidated companies and segmented companies is justified.
Burst Beliefs – Methodological Problems in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task and Implications for Its Use
Authors: De Groot Kristel
Published: October 2020

Studies in the field of psychology often employ (computerized) behavioral tasks, aimed at mimicking real-world situations that elicit certain actions in participants. Such tasks are for example used to study risk propensity, a trait-like tendency towards taking or avoiding risk. One of the most popular tasks for gauging risk propensity is the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART; Lejuez et al., 2002), which has been shown to relate well to self-reported risk-taking and to real-world risk behaviors. However, despite its popularity and qualities, the BART has several methodological shortcomings, most of which have been reported before, but none of which are widely known. In the present paper, four such problems are explained and elaborated on: a lack of clarity as to whether decisions are characterized by uncertainty or risk; censoring of observations; confounding of risk and expected value; and poor decomposability into adaptive and maladaptive risk behavior. Furthermore, for every problem, a range of possible solutions is discussed, which overall can be divided into three categories: using a different, more informative outcome index than the standard average pump score; modifying one or more task elements; or using a different task, either an alternative risk-taking task (sequential or otherwise), or a custom-made instrument. It is important to make use of these solutions, as applying the BART without accounting for its shortcomings may lead to interpretational problems, including false-positive and false-negative results. Depending on the research aims of a given study, certain shortcomings are more pressing than others, indicating the (type of) solutions most needed. By combining solutions and openly discussing shortcomings, researchers may be able to modify the BART in such a way that it can operationalize risk propensity without substantial methodological problems.
Karlín and its changes in the context of post-socialist transformation of Prague
Authors: Ilík Jan , Ouředníček Martin
Published: October 2020

The trends of post-socialist transformation in the inner city are described and illustrated in the case study of Karlín. At present, this area is going through a radical reconstruction and changes of spatial structure. The main aim of this analysis is to identify the processes which have changed this structure and to reveal the main mechanisms which underlie these changes. Attention is paid to the roles of the participants involved in the new development as well. Changes of partial components of spatial structures were observed through interviews, fieldwork and statistical data analyses.
Specificities of suburbanisation in post-socialist context: New housing construction in metropolitan region of Prague 1997-2005
Authors: Sýkora Luděk , Posová Darina
Published: October 2020

The article analyses residential suburbanisation in Prague metropolitan region using data about new housing construction in the period of 1997-2005. Findings show that despite suburban areas account for large share of newly constructed housing, its majority is built within the compact city. Large share of new housing construction in the compact city indicates the vitality and strength of urban alternatives to suburbanisation. In addition, the paper illustrates the strengthening position of Prague metropolitan area within the country and discuses characteristics of new housing construction in the relation to the increasing distance from the city centre.
Does Formula-1 Grand Prix Attract Tourists?
Authors: Ramasamy Bala , Yeung Matthew C.H.
Published: October 2020

Why would a country like Malaysia relinquish a glamorous spot in the Formula-1 Grand Prix calendar? Doesn't this popular sport attract tourists? Previous research has examined the impact of large sporting events like the Olympics and the football World Cup on tourism inflows, but research
on whether international sporting events held annually in the same city/country also attract significant number of tourists is limited. In this article we examine the above questions empirically and find that the hosting of a Formula-1 event indeed attracts tourists, an increase of about 6%,
on average. We also find that street races, on the margin, attract more tourists. Our findings call policy makers to be absolutely certain before they give up their spot in the F1 calendar.
Efeitos da aplicação periódica da simulação in situ para educação permanente em ressuscitação cardiopulmonar no contexto da hemodiálise
Authors: Pisciottani Fabiana , Ramos-Magalhães Cleidilene , Figueiredo Ana Elizabeth
Published: October 2020

Introdução: A parada cardiorrespiratória é um eventocrítico para o paciente dialítico, que necessita de umaequipe de enfermagem na hemodiálise apta a realizaro procedimento de ressuscitação cardiopulmonar.Justifica-se nesse contexto a educação permanenteem enfermagem, que por meio da simulação in situ,pode contribuir com a construção das competências emressuscitação cardiopulmonar.Objetivo: Verificar se diferentes periodicidades deformação utilizando a simulação in situ, influenciamna construção de competências para a ressuscitaçãocardiopulmonar no ambiente da hemodiálise.Material e Método: Trata-se de um estudo experimentalnão randomizado, realizado com profissionais deenfermagem de uma unidade de diálise situada em umHospital Universitário de grande porte da região sul doBrasil. Os participantes foram alocados em 3 grupos quereceberam periodicidades diferentes de intervenção (2,4, e 8 meses).Resultados: Os resultados apontaram diferençasestatisticamente significativa na análise doconhecimento, no grupo de periodicidade de 4 meses.Na avaliação das habilidades, observou-se resultado significativo (p=0,048) para o grupo de periodicidadede 4 meses, na técnica da compressão torácica.Conclusão: Com este estudo demonstramos que asimulação in situ promoveu a construção de competênciasno intervalo a cada 4 meses, corroborando com o fatode que a aprendizagem por meio da experimentaçãoe a reflexão, e dentro do contexto profissional, podemcontribuir com a educação permanente em saúde. Maisestudos no contexto da diálise são necessários paraconfirmar e generalizar os achados.
Freedom of movement in the light of the case law of the ECtHR: issues of applicability and identification of restrictions
Authors: FULEY Tetiana , KUCHIV Oksana
Published: October 2020

The article is devoted to the right to freedom of movement, which is guaranteed by Article 2 of the Protocol 4 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. It is noted that freedom of movement includes 3 aspects: freedom of movement, freedom to choose residence and the right to leave any e country freely, including one's own. The structure of Article 2 of Protocol No. 4 and its features in comparison with the structures of other articles of the Convention are described. It is emphasized that freedom of movement, while a fundamental freedom, is not absolute and may be restricted under the conditions set out in Article 2 of the Protocol. Emphasis is made on the differences between "restrictions" on freedom of movement and "interference" in the rights guaranteed by other articles of the Convention. In considering the applicability of Article 2 of Protocol No. 4 to the Convention on the basis of an analysis of the case law of the ECtHR, the issue of delimitation of the scope of Article 2 of Protocol No. 4 and other articles of the Convention, in particular Article 5 (right to liberty and security) and Article 8 (right to respect for private and family life) of the Convention is revealed. It is emphasized that the difference between deprivation of liberty under Article 5 § 1 of the Convention and restriction on freedom of movement under Article 2 of Protocol No. 4 is one of degree or intensity, and not one of nature or substance of the restriction.The interrelation between the Article 8 of the Convention and P4-2 are underlined while it emphasized that Article 8 should be construed as conferring a right to live in a particular location, thus freedom to choose one’s residence is not covered by its scope, but is at the heart of Article 2 § 1 of Protocol No. 4. Using a number of ECtHR judgments, it has been demonstrated that the legal relationship covered by Article 2 of Protocol No. 4 to the Convention may arise in cases pending before administrative, civil jurisdictions and criminal proceedings. Examples of specific judgements of the ECtHR demonstrate cases of "restrictions" on freedom of movement, which is of practical importance for the relevant application of this article in national jurisprudence.

Key words: freedom of movement, Article of Protocol No. 4, ECtHR case-law, applicability, restriction, scope, freedom to choose his residence, right to leave any country.
Graphene Synthesis by Ultrasound Energy Assisted Exfoliation of Graphite in Various Solvents
Authors: Gürünlü Betül , Taşdelen-Yücedağ Çiğdem , Bayramoğlu Mahmut
Published: October 2020

Liquid Phase Exfoliation (LPE) method has been gaining increasing interest by academic and industrial researchers due to its simplicity, low-cost, and scalability. High intensity ultrasound energy was exploited to transform graphite to graphene in the solvents of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF), and perchloric acid (PA) without any surfactants or ionic liquids. The crystal structure, number of layers, particle size, and morphology of the synthesized graphene samples were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Ultraviolet visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). XRD and AFM analyses indicated that G-DMSO and G-DMF have few layers and G-PA has multilayers. The layer numbers of G-DMSO, G-DMF, and G-PA were determined as 9, 10, and 21, respectively. By DLS analysis, the particle sizes of graphene samples were estimated in a few micrometers. TEM analyses showed that G-DMSO and G-DMF possess sheet-like fewer layers and also, G-PA has wrinkled and unordered multilayers.
Vivir con dolor de miembro fantasma: persona postamputada
Authors: Ochoa-Estrada Ma. Cristina , Bustamante-Edquen Sebastián , Hernández-Peraza Carlos
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Describir el vivir con dolor de miembro fantasma en la persona posamputada.
Método: Estudio de abordaje cualitativo-de­scriptivo, exploratorio; y como técnica se empleó la entrevista semiestructurada, los sujetos partici­pantes residen en el Estado de Durango, México; participaron 12 personas que al ser amputadas debutaron con Dolor de miembro fantasma, el soporte teórico estuvo apoyado con el dolor de Le Breton (1999)21
Resultados: En los discursos de la persona posamputada se evidencían expresiones de una vida sin objetivos, se de terminan a desempeñar el rol de enfermos al considerar su dolor como una tragedia personal o una desviación social que enluta su vida y la de su familia.
Consideraciones Finales: La enfermera debe aprender a escuchar el cuerpo enfermo, seguir con atención sus señales y sus expresiones ya sean de alegría, llanto, tristeza, dolor, desagrado, silencio, etc., interpretando lo que trata de comunicar y solicita. Deberá estar atenta y vigilante procurando que el cuerpo-sujeto alivie el dolor físico y el dolor del alma, que se pueda revertir permanente por el resto de su vida, pues vivir con dolor desde el punto de vista fisiopatológico constituye una cri­sis circunstancial, eventual y controlable que no sucede igual con la enfermedad del alma.
Interacción en niños con trastorno del espectro autista
Authors: Vela Baizabal Carmelita , Granados Ramos Dora Elizabeth
Published: October 2020

Actualmente existen investigaciones enfocadas en demostrar que la interacción es importante para favorecer el desarrollo cognoscitivo, del lengua­je, social y emocional de niños con desarrollo nor­mal y de niños con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA). Se ha propuesto que los padres de niños con TEA pueden actuar como coterapeutas de sus hijos en las interacciones cotidianas. El obje­tivo del estudio fue describir las características de comportamiento de niños con TEA al interactuar con su cuidador principal a través de juego libre. Participaron 16 niños con TEA de 4 a 12 años de edad con su cuidador principal. Se videograbó la interacción durante 15 minutos. A los padres se les indicó que establecieran un juego libre con sus hijos utilizando los materiales didácticos colo­cados en una caja. Se observó la videograbación para analizar la interacción considerando: activi­dad, movimientos estereotipados, contacto visual, respuesta impositiva o no impositiva, verbal, objetal, gestual, gestual-verbal o visual. Durante la interacción los niños estuvieron activos 80%. El 43% respondió en forma verbal, 35% a través de objetos y 22% utilizando gestos. Sólo en el 57% de la interacción los niños establecieron contacto vi­sual. El estudio de la interacción en niños con TEA permite analizar las dificultades que presentan en lenguaje, interacción social y desarrollo cognosci­tivo. La evaluación del desarrollo mediante prue­bas estandarizadas en estos niños es compleja, por lo que el análisis de las interacciones posibi­lita describir el desarrollo y diseñar estrategias de apoyo para que los padres favorezcan el progreso del niño en la vida diaria.
Determinación de riesgos de salud relacionada a estilos de vida en población joven
Authors: Fernández-Sánchez Abigail , Ojeda-Vargas Ma. Guadalupe , García Carreño Ana Alicia , Arizmendi Jaime Edith Ruth , Terrazas Meraz María Alejandra
Published: October 2020

Introducción: Diversos son los factores que generan diferencias en el acceso al sistema de salud y su utilización, lo que produce desigualdades tanto en la promoción de la salud como en las posibilidades de la recuperación posterior una enfermedad.
Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue determinar los riesgos a la salud asociados a los estilos de vida y variables demográficas.
Metodología: Corresponde a un estudio descriptivo y correlacional, de orientación cuantitativa. La población de estudio estuvo constituida por 132 personas adolescentes y adulto joven, de ambos sexos, entre 17 y 33 años, estudiantes universitarios de nuevo ingreso. La muestra fue por conveniencia. Instrumentos: Escala Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II. General Health. SF-36. El procesamiento de la información se realizó con el Programa SPSS V-19. Resultados: Se encontró asociación significativa entre estilo de vida satisfacción, nutrición, relaciones interpersonales, actividad física y negativas con estrés.
Conclusiones: Los resultados permiten reafirmar la relevancia de considerar, los estilos de vida saludables como herramienta de valoración de salud física y mental para detectar posibles riesgos a la salud de los estudiantes de nuevo ingreso, en la mirada y en la intervención en salud para potenciar estilos de vida promotores de salud. Los estilos de vida se encuentran fuertemente asociados a riesgos que pueden ser evitables utilizando la promoción a la salud.
¿Por qué el adulto mayor con hipertensión arterial requiere de un cuidado específico?
Authors: Esparza Méndez RM , Jiménez González MJ , Moreno Pérez NE
Published: October 2020

Introducción: los grupos de enfermedades vinculadas a la edad aumentaron notablemente en los últimos años, la exposición a problemas de salud a lo largo de toda una vida impacta en el hecho de las personas llegan a la tercera edad con enfermedades crónicas y una salud deteriorada. Las consecuencias fisiopatológicas de la hipertensión arterial en el cerebro suelen afectar a las áreas subcorticales prefrontales y producir déficit en la abstracción, formulación de objetivos y funciones ejecutivas. Los componentes de las funciones cognitivas que se relacionaron con alteraciones de la presión arterial en los estudios analizados fue la memoria, las funciones ejecutivas, el lenguaje y la atención. En particular, la presencia de alteraciones o daño en las funciones ejecutivas no solo genera disminución en la capacidad funcional del individuo, sino que además ocasionan ciertos cambios en la dinámica familiar de la persona afectada. Incluso, la persona se vuelve más susceptible a presentar cierto grado de disfunción que puede cambiar su calidad de vida de forma irreversible, provocando disminución en la funcionalidad que más tarde se puede traducir en incapacidad física y cognitiva.
Kualifikasi Pendidik PAUD Sesuai Permendikbud Nomor 137 Tahun 2014
Authors: Anhusadar La Ode , Islamiyah Islamiyah
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualifikasi pendidik PAUD pada KB Nur’ain di Kabupaten Wakatobi.  Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif studi kasus. Lokasi penelitian ini adalah Kelompok Bermain Nur’ain di Mola Selatan Kecamatan Wangi-wangi Selatan Kabupaten Wakatobi. Ada dua sumber data yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni: data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik yang dapat digunakan untuk pengumpulan data adalah wawancara, obeservasi dan dokumentasi. Temuan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa lembaga ini memiliki guru dengan pendidikan rata-rata setingkat SMA, hanya satu guru yang menyelesaikan pendidikan S1 pada program studi Pendidikan Agama Islam. Guru-guru di lembaga ini kurang mengikuti pelatihan terkait bidang pendidikan dan pengajaran yang digelutinya. Padahal standar PAUD mengharuskan pendidik PAUD menamatkan Pendidikan Sarjana/S1 jurusan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini dan Psikologi serta memiliki beberapa kompetensi yang disyaratkan.
Percutaneous Transhepatic Intervention for Malignant Biliary Obstruction
Authors: Le Trong Binh
Published: October 2020

Biliary obstruction is a serious clinical condition resulting from either benign or malignant etiologies. For malignant obstruction, curative resection is rarely performed due to disease progression, thus decompression drainage is the management of choice. Percutaneous transhepatic drainage and stenting are effective alternative treatments to surgical bypass and endoscopic biliary drainage when these two modalities are contraindicated. Percutaneous biliary intervention is safe and effective in both drainage and restoration of bile flow with high successful rate and acceptable risk of complication. Multidisciplinary approach, proper patient selection, careful image review and comprehensive knowledge of available techniques, success rates and complications are utmost importance for a successful procedure.
Crescimento econômico nos municípios de Alagoas entre 2000 e 2015: uma aplicação de painel dinâmico
Authors: Moura Tallyna Tellys de Sousa , Prates Thierry Molnar , Cabral Alexandra Maria Rios
Published: October 2020

O artigo investiga as razões para o crescimento econômico dos municípios de Alagoas, com especial atenção à participação dos gastos e da arrecadação. Adotou-se a proposta da teoria de crescimento endógeno e da nova geografia econômica. O corte temporal se estende de 2000 a 2015, pela disponibilidade de informações. Os resultados foram alcançados procedendo-se à regressão do painel de dados nos métodos de efeito fixo e para generalized method of moments (GMM), nas formas difference e system. No que concerne aos resultados obtidos, evidências corroboram a suposição teórica de efeitos positivos em algumas das variáveis sobre o crescimento econômico, como a proporção do produto interno bruto (PIB) industrial no PIB de certa localidade, o PIB defasado em um ano e a densidade demográfica. Ou seja, a presença de aglomerados industriais em centros mais populosos exerce forças centrípetas, favorecendo a redução de custos e a troca de informações, com o estímulo à entrada de novas empresas e à geração de emprego e renda.
Firm size and economic development: evidence for the brazilian municipalities
Authors: Carneiro Douglas Mesquita , Silva Carlos Eduardo Lobo e , Hewings Geoffrey J. D
Published: October 2020

O trabalho utiliza análises econométricas espaciais para investigar a importância do tamanho das empresas para os indicadores de desenvolvimento econômico dos municípios brasileiros de 2000 a 2010. A investigação é motivada pela quantidade de recursos e esforços que os governos dedicam às políticas que atraem e apoiam negócios locais. Os modelos estimados apontam diferentes resultados entre setores e indicadores de desenvolvimento. Por exemplo, o sinal da relação entre crescimento do emprego e o tamanho da empresa depende dos setores considerados. Assim, os resultados recomendam atenção especial aos formuladores de políticas na elaboração de suas estratégias de desenvolvimento local.
Comparação de eficiência entre as instituições de ensino superior públicas e privadas no desempenho acadêmico dos alunos concluintes em ciências econômicas
Authors: Marques Felipe César , Davoglio Guilherme Rubim , Camara Marcia Regina Gabardo da , Nascimento Sidnei Pereira do , Ferreira Carlos Roberto
Published: October 2020

O objetivo do trabalho é avaliar o desempenho das instituições de ensino superior (IES) públicas e privadas em relação a sua capacidade de agregar conhecimento acadêmico aos alunos concluintes em ciências econômicas, com base nas notas do Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes (Enade) em 2012 e 2015. O estudo contribui com a literatura, ao utilizar uma nova abordagem, que decompõe a análise envoltória de dados em dois componentes: um relativo ao desempenho do aluno, e outro relacionado à eficiência das IES. Aplica-se também a técnica de mínimos quadrados ordinários para o controle dos fatores socioeconômicos dos alunos. Para a obtenção de fronteiras de eficiência robustas, foi utilizado o método jackstrap de identificação de outliers. Os resultados indicam não haver diferenças significativas de eficiência entre as categorias administrativas, tanto entre os alunos, quanto entre as instituições. Verifica-se também a menor eficiência média de alunos, quando comparada com a eficiência média das IES.
Good news, bad news or just news: how UK broadsheets project Brazil
Authors: Mariutti Fabiana , Tench Ralph , Buarque Daniel
Published: October 2020

Na atual dinâmica economia global, os países enfrentam cada vez mais pressão para defender suas reputações. A comunicação desempenha um papel significativo nesse sentido, e muitos veículos frequentemente relatam assuntos de outros países. O objetivo deste artigo é explorar e analisar a reputação do Brasil conforme projetada em artigos de notícias internacionais. Para ampliar o entendimento sobre a reputação do país com base em jornais, foram exploradas 1.452 reportagens sobre o Brasil. Os artigos foram coletados em jornais “broadsheet” do Reino Unido em quatro anos (2013, 2014, 2015 e 2016) e foram categorizados segundo duas dimensões e três classificações (positiva, neutra e negativa). O estudo constatou que a dimensão Economia, Exportação e Negócios foi usada com mais frequência. Além disso, a análise encontrou a publicação da maioria das notícias negativas. O artigo contribui para os governos em termos de destacar as melhorias dos países e priorizar políticas públicas que possam mitigar as imagens negativas decorrentes do exterior.
Exploratory Study on Agricultural Practices on the Bamboutos Mountains
Authors: Mirene Ngimdoh Marline
Published: October 2020

The paper intends to examine the logic of agricultural practices on upper slopes of the Bamboutos Mountainswhich cut across the South West, West and North West regions of Cameroon. The zone is located between latitude, 5o 32’ and 5o 51’N, longitude, 9o 56 and 10o 09’ E and it extends from an altitude of 2000m to 2700m. After developing a conceptual framework that reviews the key concepts and theories of agricultural practices. Both primary and secondary data were collected from the eight localities which constitute the area under study to collect data effectively from 162 respondents. Analysis was done with the help of SPSS,`1 Excels 2016 and the result is presented in tables, charts and graphs. Correlation and regression techniques are used. The results of the study revealed that Agricultural practices is the likelihood of the Bamboutos mountains dwellers. Majority of the respondents are male, age between 30-40 years, and holder of just FSLC.Farmers experience has positive and significant correlation with method of conserving farm products, types of farm tools used and applicability of chemicals but a weak rank correlation between crop rotation and level of education. Equally, crop rotation and mixed farming is significantly and positively influenced by education attainment of farmers. Five distinctive steps were identified for successful farming in the area like elsewhere. For the third objective of the article, a good number of problems plaguing the agricultural practice on the Bamboutos mountain were identified ranging from frequent farmergrazer conflict, insecurity, to more general problem as resistance of farmers to adapt to new techniques, expensive nature of farm input, poor farms to market roads, acute short of funds and personnels. Improving farms infrastructures, training and recruiting more personnels, reestablishing agricultural banks, and breaking land tenure obstacle among other strategies can go a long way to stimulate agricultural practice in the mountain area.
Estimation of Incident Solar Radiation on the Walls of a Habitat for the Typical Day of April in the Ouagadougou Region in Burkina Faso
Authors: MANSARE Baba , CONTE Mamadouba , CAMARA Yacouba , BAH Amadou Lamarana , OUEDRAOGO Drissa
Published: October 2020

His work aims to develop a mathematical model of incident solar radiation on all the walls of a sloping roof habitat for a typical climate in the Ouagadougou region. Subsequently, we set up a program for the calculations of the essential parameters of illumination and the various components of solar radiation under the Fortran Programming Language and to plot our curves using the Origin software. This work allowed us to estimate the amount of solar flux that each wall of a habitat receives during a day, to know the importance of the orientation of the main facade of the habitat to the south and to find out how often the roof is exposed to solar radiation.
Identifying the 3FHL Catalog. IV. Swift Observations of Unassociated Fermi-LAT 3FHL Sources
Authors: Silver R. , Marchesi S. , Marcotulli L. , Kaur A. , Rajagopal M. , Ajello M.
Published: October 2020

The Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) 3FHL catalog is the latest catalog of >10 GeV sources and will remain an important resource for the high-energy community for the foreseeable future. Therefore, it is crucial that this catalog is made complete by providing associations for most sources. In this paper, we present the results of the X-ray analysis of 38 3FHL sources. We found a single bright X-ray source in 20 fields, two sources each in two fields, and none for the remaining 16. The analysis of the properties of the 22 3FHL fields with X-ray sources led us to believe that most (∼19/22) are of extragalactic origin. A machine-learning algorithm was used to determine the source type and we find that 15 potential blazars are likely BL Lacertae objects (BL Lac objects). This is consistent with the fact that BL Lac objects are by far the most numerous population detected above >10 GeV in the 3FHL.
The Cepheid Distance to the Seyfert 1 Galaxy NGC 4151
Authors: Yuan W. , Fausnaugh M. M. , Hoffmann S. L. , Macri L. M. , Peterson B. M. , Riess A. G. , Bentz M. C. , Brown J. S. , Bontà E. Dalla , Davies R. I. , Rosa G. De , Ferrarese L. , Grier C. J. , Hicks E. K. S. , Onken C. A. , Pogge R. W. , Storchi-Bergmann T. , Vestergaard M.
Published: October 2020

We derive a distance of 15.8 ± 0.4 Mpc to the archetypal Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4151 based on the near-infrared Cepheid period–luminosity relation and new Hubble Space Telescope multiband imaging. This distance determination, based on measurements of 35 long-period (P > 25 days) Cepheids, will support the absolute calibration of the supermassive black hole mass in this system, as well as studies of the dynamics of the feedback or feeding of its active galactic nucleus.
Multifrequency Observations of the Candidate Neutrino-emitting Blazar BZB J0955+3551
Authors: Paliya Vaidehi S. , Böttcher M. , Olmo-García A. , Domínguez A. , Gil de Paz A. , Franckowiak A. , Garrappa S. , Stein R.
Published: October 2020

The recent spatial and temporal coincidence of the blazar TXS 0506+056 with the IceCube-detected neutrino event IC-170922A has opened up a realm of multimessenger astronomy with blazar jets as a plausible site of cosmic-ray acceleration. After TXS 0506+056, a second blazar, BZB J0955+3551, was recently found to be spatially coincident with the IceCube-detected neutrino event IC-200107A and undergoing its brightest X-ray flare measured so far. Here we present the results of our multifrequency campaign to study this peculiar event that includes observations with the NuSTAR, Swift, Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER), and 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC). The optical spectroscopic observation from GTC secured its redshift as

and the central black hole mass as

. Both NuSTAR and NICER data reveal a rapid flux variability, albeit at low significance (

). We explore the origin of the target photon field needed for the photopion production using analytical calculations and considering the observed optical-to-X-ray flux level. We conclude that seed photons may originate from outside the jet, similar to that reported for TXS 0506+056, although a scenario invoking a comoving target photon field (e.g., electron synchrotron) cannot be ruled out. The electromagnetic output from the neutrino-producing photohadronic processes are likely to make only a subdominant contribution to the observed spectral energy distribution, suggesting that the X-ray flaring event may not be directly connected with IC-200107A.
Global guidelines for the sustainable use of non-native trees to prevent tree invasions and mitigate their negative impacts
Authors: Brundu Giuseppe , Pauchard Aníbal , Pyšek Petr , Pergl Jan , Bindewald Anja M. , Brunori Antonio , Canavan Susan , Campagnaro Thomas , Celesti-Grapow Laura , Dechoum Michele de Sá , Dufour-Dror Jean-Marc , Essl Franz , Flory S. Luke , Genovesi Piero , Guarino Francesco , Guangzhe Liu , Hulme Philip E. , Jäger Heinke , Kettle Christopher J. , Krumm Frank , Langdon Barbara , Lapin Katharina , Lozano Vanessa , Le Roux Johannes J. , Novoa Ana , Nuñez Martín A. , Porté Annabel J. , Silva Joaquim S. , Schaffner Urs , Sitzia Tommaso , Tanner Rob , Tshidada Ntakadzeni , Vítková Michaela , Westergren Marjana , Wilson John R. U. , Richardson David M.
Published: October 2020

Sustainably managed non-native trees deliver economic and societal benefits with limited risk of spread to adjoining areas. However, some plantations have launched invasions that cause substantial damage to biodiversity and ecosystem services, while others pose substantial threats of causing such impacts. The challenge is to maximise the benefits of non-native trees, while minimising negative impacts and preserving future benefits and options.

A workshop was held in 2019 to develop global guidelines for the sustainable use of non-native trees, using the Council of Europe – Bern Convention Code of Conduct on Invasive Alien Trees as a starting point.

The global guidelines consist of eight recommendations: 1) Use native trees, or non-invasive non-native trees, in preference to invasive non-native trees; 2) Be aware of and comply with international, national, and regional regulations concerning non-native trees; 3) Be aware of the risk of invasion and consider global change trends; 4) Design and adopt tailored practices for plantation site selection and silvicultural management; 5) Promote and implement early detection and rapid response programmes; 6) Design and adopt tailored practices for invasive non-native tree control, habitat restoration, and for dealing with highly modified ecosystems; 7) Engage with stakeholders on the risks posed by invasive non-native trees, the impacts caused, and the options for management; and 8) Develop and support global networks, collaborative research, and information sharing on native and non-native trees.

The global guidelines are a first step towards building global consensus on the precautions that should be taken when introducing and planting non-native trees. They are voluntary and are intended to complement statutory requirements under international and national legislation. The application of the global guidelines and the achievement of their goals will help to conserve forest biodiversity, ensure sustainable forestry, and contribute to the achievement of several Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations linked with forest biodiversity.
Apprendre du passé pour mieux faire face aux catastrophes
Authors: Garnier Emmanuel
Published: October 2020

Fondée sur l’exploitation des matériaux historiques que sont les archives écrites, les témoignages iconographiques ou architecturaux, cette contribution montre combien il importe d’extraire, de conserver et de transmettre la mémoire des catastrophes du passé pour en tirer des retours d’expérience à même de renforcer la résilience de nos sociétés contemporaines confrontées à une vulnérabilité croissante. En premier lieu, l’histoire autorise une reconstruction des trajectoires de vulnérabilité dans la « longue durée » et, ainsi, révèle les basculements en termes d’inadaptation et d’exposition aux risques pour mieux combattre le dogme du « jamais vu », moteur de l’exposition aux risques. Dans un second temps, une approche comparative est proposée à partir d’exemples français pour les inondations de la Seine, britannique pour l’aspect reconstruction post-catastrophique et, enfin, japonais comme modèle de promotion de la mémoire du risque.
Bilan énergétique de la France en 2018. Données définitives
Authors: Ministère de la Culture et de la Co  , Commissariat général au Développeme  , Sous-direction des Statistiques de
Published: October 2020

Après trois années de baisse depuis 2014, le taux d’indépendance énergétique augmente de 2,7 points en 2018, à 55,4 %. En effet, la production primaire augmente en raison du rebond de la production nucléaire et hydraulique, tandis que la consommation primaire décroît légèrement. Corrigée des variations climatiques, cette dernière est quasiment stable. La consommation finale d’énergie baisse de 0,8 %, sous l’effet d’évolutions contrastées des différents secteurs de consommation finale : des hausses dans le tertiaire et surtout dans l’industrie, mais une baisse de la consommation à usage non énergétique ainsi que dans le transport et le résidentiel. Au total, les ménages, entreprises et administrations ont dépensé 167 Md€ pour leur consommation d’énergie. 54 Md€ correspondent aux taxes (nettes des subventions aux énergies renouvelables) et 41 Md€ aux importations nettes de produits énergétiques. Chaque ménage français a dépensé en moyenne 3 100 € pour ses achats d’énergie, à parts égales pour les carburants et le logement, dont 1 400 € de taxes.
Especialización mercantil y crisis de la economía rural. Las importacio­nes coloniales durante la época del 'comercio libre' en Galicia, 1778- 1816
Authors: Alonso Alvarez Luis
Published: October 2020

No disponible.
«Hijo de hombre», de la tradición oral al mito
Authors: Caballero Wanguemert María M.
Published: October 2020

No disponible.
Discussions on the space‐time structure, Hamilton’s field, and Breakthrough Starshot project
Authors: Guangzhou Ge
Published: October 2020

This article can be regarded as the author's exploration of the space‐time structure and of field theory. The author first puts forward the equivalence of time and space based on Hamilton’s principle and then applies Newton's laws of motion to the interpretation of an object’s
motion in time, thus deducing that Newton's first law of motion and the principle of constancy of light speed were to be unified. And then the author summarizes the three states of motion existing in the physical world, specially explores the state of motion that is not to be limited by force
or the speed of light, and further comes up with a new interpretation of the falling apple. Next, pursuing the understanding of Hamilton's principle and Hamilton’s Tension Equation (THE), the author explores the space‐time structure corresponding to the state of super-light-speed
and super-force, and puts forward the Hamilton’s field and its full description and main characteristics. The author also indicates that the Hamilton’s field could realize the unification of fields with physical geometrization. Finally, the author applies the principles of Hamilton’s
field to the research of the Breakthrough Starshot project and explores the three breakthroughs as needed. A new photoelectric effect is meanwhile presented.
A proposal for an electrical connection between the gravitational field and light
Authors: Curran Michael J.
Published: October 2020

Based on well-established equations, we provide evidence of an electrical connection between the gravitational field and light. Each is modeled using the inductance‐capacitance (   L C
  ) circuit as the building block. A proposed direct photon force (not a pressure and not by means of a force carrier), the relationship between the speed of light and gravity, the frequency and wavelength of gravitational waves, gravitational redshift, the
trajectory of planets around the sun, and equations of plane electromagnetic waves may all be expressed with the assistance of an ideal (no resistance)   L C
circuit model of light. Each begins with the Planck‐Einstein relationship. Each suggests that gravity and electromagnetism interact directly through fluctuating electrical and magnetic fields from both sources. With this perspective Einstein's concept of the warping of spacetime may
not be needed to explain gravitation.
Unification of fundamental forces under normal atmospheric conditions
Authors: Dhiman Devinder Kumar
Published: October 2020

Super unified theories unifying the four fundamental forces require very high temperatures, which are possible only within     10   −
34     second after Big Bang. This article aims to unite the fundamental forces of nature under normal conditions of atmosphere. Well-established relation of general theory of relativity, between
mass and space-time, is explored from fundamental level to design a model of the creation of matter particles from space-time. During this process, a stress gets generated in the surrounding space-time fabric. The relation of this stress with the matter created is examined. The stress developed
in the space-fabric surrounding the created matter is found generating electromagnetic, nuclear, and gravitational forces. Changes in the space-time fabric are found related to the mass and charge of the sub-atomic particles. The research to unite gravitational force with other fundamental
forces has been a subject of continuous research for nearly a century. This article not only provides the unification of fundamental forces of nature under normal atmospheric conditions but also elucidates the process of creation of matter particles from space itself.
Influence of Personal Characteristics and Motivation Factors on Internet Use
Authors: Ogunsola Kemi , Adekola Adewole Oluyemi
Published: October 2020

This study examined the influence of personal characteristics such as age, gender, level of study, years of experience using the internet, internet self-efficacy, as well as motivation factors, which are perceived ease of use, perceived enjoyment, perceived innovativeness in IT, and perceived usefulness on internet use among 404 purposively selected postgraduate students' in three selected universities in South-Western Nigeria: University of Ibadan, Ibadan; Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso; and Bowen University, Iwo. The result showed that some personal characteristics which are age, years of experience using the internet, and internet self-efficacy have significant relationships with internet use among postgraduate students in the selected universities. Furthermore, personal innovativeness in IT of postgraduate students significantly influenced their internet use in the selected universities. The result revealed there was a significant influence of both personal characteristic and motivation factors on Internet use in the selected universities.
Introduction to Data Science
Authors: Govindarajan M.
Published: October 2020

This chapter focuses on introduction to the field of data science. Data science is the area of study which involves extracting insights from vast amounts of data by the use of various scientific methods, algorithms, and processes. The term data science has emerged because of the evolution of mathematical statistics, data analysis, and big data. Data science helps to discover hidden patterns from the raw data. It enables to translate a business problem into a research project and then translate it back into a practical solution. The purpose of this chapter is to provide emphasis on integration and synthesis of concepts, techniques, applications, and tools to deal with various facets of data science practice, including data collection and integration, exploratory data analysis, predictive modeling, descriptive modeling, data product creation, evaluation, and effective communication.
Data Analysis in Context-Based Statistical Modeling in Predictive Analytics
Authors: C. Selvan , Balasundaram S. R.
Published: October 2020

Data analysis is a process of studying, removing non-required data in the view level, and converting to needed patterns for sub decisions to make an aggregated decision. Statistical modeling is the process of applying statistical techniques in data analysis for taking proactive decisions depend requirements. The statistical modeling identifies relationship between variables, and it encompasses inferential statistics for model validation. The focus of the chapter is to analyze statistical modeling techniques in different contexts to understand the mathematical representation of data. The correlation and regression are used for analyzing association between key factors of companies' activities. Especially in business, correlation describes positive and negative correlation variables for analyzing the factors of business for supporting the decision-making process. The key factors are related with independent variables and dependent variables, which create cause and effect models to predict the future outcomes.