bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is amalgam removal in patients with medically unexplained physical symptoms cost-effective? A prospective cohort and decision modelling study in Norway
Authors: Lamu Admassu N. , Björkman Lars , Hamre Harald J. , Alræk Terje , Musial Frauke , Robberstad Bjarne
Published: April 2022

There are many patients in general practice with health complaints that cannot be medically explained. Some of these patients attribute their health complaints to dental amalgam restorations. This study examined the cost-effectiveness of the removal of amalgam restorations in patients with medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS) attributed to amalgam fillings compared to usual care, based on a prospective cohort study in Norway. Costs were determined using a micro-costing approach at the individual level. Health outcomes were documented at baseline and approximately two years later for both the intervention and the usual care using EQ-5D-5L. Quality adjusted life year (QALY) was used as a main outcome measure. A decision analytical model was developed to estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness of the intervention. Both probabilistic and one-way sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the impact of uncertainty in costs and effectiveness. In patients who attribute health complaints to dental amalgam restorations and fulfil the inclusion and exclusion criteria, amalgam removal is associated with modest increase in costs at societal level as well as improved health outcomes. In the base-case analysis, the mean incremental cost per patient in the amalgam group was NOK 19 416 compared to the MUPS group, while mean incremental QALY was 0.119 with a time horizon of two years. Thus, the incremental costs per QALY of the intervention was NOK 162 680, which is usually considered cost effective in Norway. The estimated incremental cost per QALY decreased with increasing time horizon, and amalgam removal was found to be cost saving over both 5 and 10 years. This study provides insight into the costs and health outcomes associated with the removal of amalgam restorations in patients who attribute health complaints to dental amalgam fillings, which are appropriate instruments to inform health care priorities.
Analytical and clinical validation of an amplicon-based next generation sequencing assay for ultrasensitive detection of circulating tumor DNA
Authors: Poh Jonathan , Ngeow Kao Chin , Pek Michelle , Tan Kian-Hin , Lim Jing Shan , Chen Hao , Ong Choon Kiat , Lim Jing Quan , Lim Soon Thye , Lim Chwee Ming , Goh Boon Cher , Choudhury Yukti
Published: April 2022

Next-generation sequencing of circulating tumor DNA presents a promising approach to cancer diagnostics, complementing conventional tissue-based diagnostic testing by enabling minimally invasive serial testing and broad genomic coverage through a simple blood draw to maximize therapeutic benefit to patients. LiquidHALLMARK® is an amplicon-based next-generation sequencing assay developed for the genomic profiling of plasma-derived cell-free DNA (cfDNA). The comprehensive 80-gene panel profiles point mutations, insertions/deletions, copy number alterations, and gene fusions, and further detects oncogenic viruses (Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV)) and microsatellite instability (MSI). Here, the analytical and clinical validation of the assay is reported. Analytical validation using reference genetic materials demonstrated a sensitivity of 99.38% for point mutations and 95.83% for insertions/deletions at 0.1% variant allele frequency (VAF), and a sensitivity of 91.67% for gene fusions at 0.5% VAF. In non-cancer samples, a high specificity (≥99.9999% per-base) was observed. The limit of detection for copy number alterations, EBV, HBV, and MSI were also empirically determined. Orthogonal comparison of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) variant calls made by LiquidHALLMARK and a reference allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) method for 355 lung cancer specimens revealed an overall concordance of 93.80%, while external validation with cobas® EGFR Mutation Test v2 for 50 lung cancer specimens demonstrated an overall concordance of 84.00%, with a 100% concordance rate for EGFR variants above 0.4% VAF. Clinical application of LiquidHALLMARK in 1,592 consecutive patients demonstrated a high detection rate (74.8% circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)-positive in cancer samples) and broad actionability (50.0% of cancer samples harboring alterations with biological evidence for actionability). Among ctDNA-positive lung cancers, 72.5% harbored at least one biomarker with a guideline-approved drug indication. These results establish the high sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and precision of the LiquidHALLMARK assay and supports its clinical application for blood-based genomic testing.
Academic enjoyment, behavioral engagement, self-concept, organizational strategy and achievement in EFL setting: A multiple mediation analysis
Authors: Kang Xia , Wu Yajun
Published: April 2022

Motivated by the positive psychology movement in the English as Foreign Language (EFL), existing studies have demonstrated that subject-related enjoyment has a positive correlation with academic achievement. However, quite a few studieshave examined why academic enjoyment can predict positive academic achievement. This study aimed to investigate whether behavioral engagement, self-concept, and organizational strategy mediated relations between academic enjoyment and achievement in EFL setting. 528 Chinese secondary school students (Male: N = 280; Female: N = 248) participated in the survey and completed the questionnaires on EFL-related enjoyment, behavioral engagement, self-concept, organizational strategy, and academic performance. Structural equation model (SEM) analyses showed that students’ academic enjoyment positively predicted their English achievement. Academic engagement, self-concept, and organizational strategy had parallel multiple mediating effects between academic enjoyment and English achievement. Multi-group SEM analysis demonstrated that the model had invariance across genders, indicating that the model is applicable to both male and female students. Limitations and implications are discussed.
Cost associated with a relapse-free patient in multiple sclerosis: A real-world health indicator
Authors: Romero-Pinel Lucía , Bau Laura , Matas Elisabet , León Isabel , Juvany Roser , Jódar Ramon , Martínez-Yélamos Antonio , Martínez-Yélamos Sergio
Published: April 2022

Background

The efficacy and safety of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in multiple sclerosis (MS) are well known; however, owing to their high costs, determining real-world outcomes is essential to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of different therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to investigate the variability in the annual cost of DMTs associated with a relapse-free patient in a representative population cohort of relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), and whether this could serve as an appropriate health indicator.

Methods

We analyzed the patients followed up in our MS clinic during the years 2016 and 2019, and selected patients belonging to our health district diagnosed with RRMS. The treatment cost associated with a relapse-free patient was the ratio between the total cost of DMTs and the number of relapse-free patients, treated and not treated, during the year of the study.

Results

A total of 158 patients with RRMS in 2016 and 183 in 2019 were included in our study. In 2016, 101 patients with RRMS (63.9%) received treatment with DMTs and 120 patients (75.9%) remained relapse-free. The mean cost of DMTs per patient in 2016 was €7414.3 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6325.2–8503.4) considering all the patients (treated and not treated). In 2019, 126 patients (68.9%) received DMTs and 151 patients (82.5%) remained relapse-free. The mean cost of DMTs per patient in 2019 was €6985.4 (95% CI: 5986.9–7983.9) considering all the patients. The cost per year of DMTs to achieve a relapse-free patient was €9762.2 in 2016 and €8465.8 in 2019.

Conclusions

The treatment cost per year to achieve a relapse-free patient was stable during successive measurements in the same population. Therefore, it may be considered a good real-world health indicator for patients with RRMS treated with DMTs.
A database study of clinical and economic burden of invasive meningococcal disease in France
Authors: Huang Liping , Fievez Stéphane , Goguillot Mélanie , Marié Lucile , Bénard Stève , Elkaïm Anne , Tin Tin Htar Myint
Published: April 2022

Objective

Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is life-threatening and associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. The study aimed to examine the clinical characteristics and hospital-based healthcare resource use and related costs following IMD diagnosis in France.

Methods

Patients admitted to hospitals due to IMD between 2014 and 2016 were selected from the French hospital discharge database (PMSI). Demographics, clinical outcomes and health utilization (HRU) during index hospitalization were described. HRU and costs during the follow-up period were also examined. A generalized linear model was applied to examine 1-year costs after index hospitalization adjusting for age, type of IMD and presence of sequelae at index hospitalization.

Results

A total of 1,344 patients were identified. About 30% cases were in children < 5 years old and 25% aged 10–24 years. Majority of patients presented as meningococcal meningitis (59%), 25% as meningococcaemia, and 9% both. The case fatality rate during the index hospitalization was 6%. About 15% of patients had at least one sequela at index hospital discharge. The median length of stay and the median cost of index hospitalization were 9 days and 8,045€, respectively. Patients with at least one sequela, with clinical manifestation as both meningitis and meningococcaemia, or aged 25 years and older were statistically significantly associated with higher costs than others.

Conclusion

IMD is unpredictable and can occur in all ages. The study highlights the severity and high health and economic burdens associated with the disease. The data underlines the importance of prevention against IMD through vaccination.
Therapeutic efficacy of humanized monoclonal antibodies targeting dengue virus nonstructural protein 1 in the mouse model
Authors: Tien Sen-Mao , Chang Po-Chun , Lai Yen-Chung , Chuang Yung-Chun , Tseng Chin-Kai , Kao Yu-San , Huang Hong-Jyun , Hsiao Yu-Peng , Liu Yi-Ling , Lin Hsing-Han , Chu Chien-Chou , Cheng Miao-Huei , Ho Tzong-Shiann , Chang Chih-Peng , Ko Shu-Fen , Shen Che-Piao , Anderson Robert , Lin Yee-Shin , Wan Shu-Wen , Yeh Trai-Ming
Published: April 2022

Dengue virus (DENV) which infects about 390 million people per year in tropical and subtropical areas manifests various disease symptoms, ranging from fever to life-threatening hemorrhage and even shock. To date, there is still no effective treatment for DENV disease, but only supportive care. DENV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) has been shown to play a key role in disease pathogenesis. Recent studies have shown that anti-DENV NS1 antibody can provide disease protection by blocking the DENV-induced disruption of endothelial integrity. We previously demonstrated that anti-NS1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) protected mice from all four serotypes of DENV challenge. Here, we generated humanized anti-NS1 mAbs and transferred them to mice after DENV infection. The results showed that DENV-induced prolonged bleeding time and skin hemorrhage were reduced, even several days after DENV challenge. Mechanistic studies showed the ability of humanized anti-NS1 mAbs to inhibit NS1-induced vascular hyperpermeability and to elicit Fcγ-dependent complement-mediated cytolysis as well as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of cells infected with four serotypes of DENV. These results highlight humanized anti-NS1 mAb as a potential therapeutic agent in DENV infection.
¿Lejos del verano?: creencias de una muestra de maestros colombianos sobre discapacidad
Authors: Marulanda Páez Elena , Basto Medina Carolina , Hernández Lozano María Isabel
Published: April 2022

Este trabajo abordó las creencias de un grupo de maestros colombianos, en torno a cinco factores relacionados con la discapacidad, a saber: (1) las percepciones sobre el estudiante con discapacidad (EcD); (2) la labor del maestro en los procesos de aprendizaje de los EcD; (3) las adaptaciones pedagógicas y el trabajo en el aula con EcD; (4) la instalación de valores inclusivos en la escuela gracias, entre otros, a la participación de alumnado con discapacidad; y (5) las condiciones y requisitos que deben darse en las escuelas para la formación de EcD. Para ello, se diseñó un cuestionario on-line que constaba de 47 preguntas, el cual fue diligenciado por 61 docentes pertenecientes a diversos niveles del sistema educativo colombiano. Los resultados indican que poseer formación en educación inclusiva y discapacidad, así como tener un posgrado en educación y trabajar en entornos educativos que fomenten acciones tendientes al reconocimiento de la diversidad, son tres variables cruciales que arrojan diferencias significativas en las creencias de los profesores encuestados. Todo lo anterior se discute en función de los retos que enfrenta la educación colombiana en el camino de alcanzar una educación inclusiva que acoja plenamente a los EcD.
Hacia una herramienta de cribado temprano del trastorno del espectro del autismo (TEA)
Authors: Acevedo Díaz Gloria , Camero Fernández Raquel , Fernández Prada Mónica , Andrés Suárez Javier de , González-Rodríguez Martín , Fernández-Lanvin Daniel
Published: April 2022

En los últimos años el empleo de la metodología del eye tracking ha sido objeto de estudio de diferentes investigaciones en torno a esta técnica como posible medida objetiva para la detección temprana de indicadores de Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA). En el presente estudio se ha elaborado un total de 15 vídeos estímulo divididos en cuatro bloques con el objeto de diseñar una prueba objetiva de sencilla y rápida aplicación, mediante un dispositivo eye tracker, que permita realizar una detección objetiva y muy temprana de indicadores de riesgo de desarrollar TEA; para ello se cuenta con una muestra formada por 148 sujetos, 74 sujetos con indicadores clínicos de TEA y 74 sujetos con desarrollo típico. Los resultados confirman que es posible configurar un software que, tras analizar los registros de mirada de un bebé obtenidos con un dispositivo eye tracker, nos proporcione automáticamente su probabilidad de presentar un “patrón de mirada de máxima atención al objeto (riego de TEA) o un patrón de mirada de recogida de información social (no TEA)”. Con las tareas aquí presentadas, tras analizar la sensibilidad de cada vídeo y cada variable, se han obtenido resultados estadísticamente significativos en cada uno de los vídeos estímulo, por lo que se concluye que la metodología del eye tracking con el empleo de los estímulos aquí diseñados puede operar como método de detección objetivo y eficaz de indicadores de alarma de TEA.
Violencia intrafamiliar, abusos sexuales y discapacidad intelectual: un estudio de caso único desde una mirada narrativa
Authors: Mañas Olmo Moisés , Cortés González Pablo , González Alba Blas
Published: April 2022

Se presentan los resultados de un estudio parcial de caso único a través de la perspectiva biográfico-narrativa. Teniendo en cuenta un trabajo de campo previo más amplio, para este texto hemos realizado una entrevista semiestructurada y dos en profundidad para abordar de manera focal un caso de violación y abuso sexual a Teresa, persona diagnosticada con Discapacidad Intelectual (PCDI). De las entrevistas emergen diferentes categorías inductivas (violencia intrafamiliar –abusos sexuales, insultos, agresiones–, identidad como persona con discapacidad) que se abordan en la discusión en dos ejes interpretativos que se corresponden con dos etapas diferenciadas de la vida de la participante (la naturalización de la violencia y el inicio del cambio como forma de lucha). Como resultados más destacables encontramos hechos, en una primera etapa, que nos hablan de la repetición en el tiempo de dos tipos de abusos (físico, emocional) por parte de sus familiares, entre los que reluce la condición de discapacidad, y, una segunda etapa, presentamos su proceso de subversión personal sobre el que Teresa pudo reconducir esta situación. Como parte de las conclusiones, entendimos las medidas preventivas y de respeto a la diversidad como elementos esenciales para erradicar la violencia hacia las PCDI.
An intestinal Candida albicans model for monomicrobial and polymicrobial biofilms and effects of hydrolases and the Bgl2 ligand
Authors: Masfufatun Masfufatun , Purbowati Rini , Arum Nira A. , Yasinta Mey S. , Sumarsih Sri , Baktir Afaf
Published: April 2022

Background and Aim: Candida albicans is the most prevalent human fungal pathogen. In biofilms, C. albicans becomes more resistant to antifungal agents because of the production of an extracellular matrix (ECM) that protects the yeast cells. This study aimed to determine the effects of hydrolase enzymes and the Bgl2 ligand on monomicrobial and polymicrobial biofilms.

Materials and Methods: Biofilm induction in rats was carried out using streptomycin (25 mg/kg) and gentamicin (7.5 mg/kg) administered orally once per day for 5 days. Rats were injected subcutaneously with cortisone acetate (225 mg/kg) as an immunosuppressant on day 5. In addition, rats were orally administered C. albicans for the single microbial model and a combination of C. albicans with Escherichia coli for the polymicrobial model. Following the biofilm production, the groups were treated with glucosamine (8.57 mg/kg body weight) and Achatina fulica hydrolases (1.5 mL) orally for 2 weeks. The reduction of the biofilm was measured using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Data were analyzed using a t-test, with a significance value of 95%.

Results: CLSM images revealed a strong association between C. albicans and E. coli in the polymicrobial biofilm. On the contrary, the combination treatment using glucosamine and A. fulica hydrolases reduced the ECM of the single microbial biofilm (53.58%). However, treatment effectiveness against the matrix (19.17%) was reduced in the polymicrobial model.

Conclusion: There is a strong association between C. albicans and E. coli in the formation of polymicrobial biofilms. The combination of glucosamine and the A. fulica enzyme can reduce the single microbial biofilm ECM; however, it is ineffective in the polymicrobial model.
Two Opisthographs and Scribal Practices in the Ancient Near Eastern World: Thoughts on Use and Reuse
Authors: Aksu Ayhan
Published: April 2022

Recent scholarship has developed an increasing interest in the materiality of ancient manuscripts. Opisthographs, manuscripts that contain writing on both sides, are of special interest in this regard. This short study focuses on two papyrus opisthographs, originating from two different collections: the Oxyrhynchus Papyri and the Dead Sea Scrolls. These manuscripts each bear different compositions on the front side (the recto) and on the back side (the verso). The Greek Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 654 (dated to the third century CE) contains on its recto an unpublished survey-list of pieces of land. On the verso we find one of the three copies of the Greek version of the Gospel of Thomas. The Dead Sea Scroll 4Q509, Festival Prayers, is the recto of a Hebrew papyrus that bears copies of two compositions on its verso: the War Scroll (4Q496) and Words of the Luminaries (4Q506). These texts were dated to the first century BCE and the middle of the first century CE. By contextualizing these two manuscripts, I aim to explore the nature of opisthographs as a scribal phenomenon across different cultures in the region. This comparative research will be conducted by considering the materiality of these manuscripts from the perspective of both codicology and palaeography. Subsequently, I will investigate the intertextual relationships between the compositions on both sides of the manuscripts and address related issues such as the ‘useful life’ of these manuscripts and the possibility of personal copies.
A Contemporary Archaeology of London’s Mega Events: From the Great Exhibition to London 2012
Authors: Gardner Jonathan
Published: April 2022

A Contemporary Archaeology of London’s Mega Events explores the traces of London’s most significant modern ‘mega events’. Though only open for a few weeks or months, mega events permanently and disruptively reshape their host cities and societies: they demolish and rebuild whole districts, they draw in materials and participants from around the globe and their organisers self-consciously seek to leave a ‘legacy’ that will endure for decades or more. With London as his case study, Jonathan Gardner argues that these spectacles must be seen as long-lived and persistent, rather than simply a transient or short-term phenomena. Using a novel methodology drawn from the subfield of contemporary archaeology – the archaeology of the recent past and present-day – a broad range of comparative studies are used to explore the long-term history of each event. These include the contents and building materials of the Great Exhibition’s Crystal Palace and their extraordinary ‘afterlife’ at Sydenham, South London; how the Festival of Britain’s South Bank Exhibition employed displays of ancient history to construct a new post-war British identity; and how London 2012, as the latest of London’s mega events, dealt with competing visions of the past as archaeology, waste and ‘heritage’ in creating a vision of the future. This book offers significant new directions for the study of mega events in its comparison of how three mega events changed London over three centuries. Drawing on a broad range of theoretical and methodological frameworks and a rich array of sources, it demonstrates the great potential of contemporary archaeology for understanding contemporary urban phenomena.
Geógrafos, naturalistas e ingenieros en México, siglos XVIII al XX
Authors: Azuela Bernal Luz Fernanda , Vega y Ortega Baez Rodrigo
Published: April 2022

Geógrafos, naturalistas e ingenieros en México, siglos XVIII al XX presenta siete capítulos que analizan e interpretan la memoria histórica producida por los tres actores de la ciencia de nuestro país con mayor actividad desde el periodo colonial hasta la posrevolución mexicana. Sobre el perfil socio profesional de geógrafos, naturalistas e ingenieros, las investigaciones de este libro colectivo develan la heterogeneidad de sus concepciones desde el siglo XVIII y hasta mediados del siglo XX, pues en un principio el científico era un actor social difuso, ya que muchas veces se le identificaba como letrado. Categoría en la que se inscribían políticos, médicos, técnicos, artistas, empresarios, literatos, agricultores o viajeros, quienes dedicaban parte de sus inquietudes intelectuales a la averiguación de la naturaleza y el territorio nacionales. Aunque también se pudieron ubicar algunos científicos “profesionales” tempranos, como los ingenieros, mismos que proliferarían desde el último tercio del siglo XIX, una vez que los hombres de ciencia fueron delimitando sus competencias y adscripciones hasta diferenciarse de otro tipo de prácticas profesionales. A partir de la década 1870, la noción del científico se consolidó en México, por lo que desde entonces este actor social se distinguió paulatinamente de los humanistas, artistas, empresarios, entre otros actores. Los capítulos se proponen contribuir a la comprensión de la multitud de actividades que emprendieron naturalistas, geógrafos e ingenieros mexicanos y extranjeros desde el periodo colonial y hasta mediados del siglo XX. Estos actores de la ciencia conformaron un entramado científico que dotó al país de un dinamismo académico a la altura de varias naciones europeas y americanas para aprovechar los recursos naturales y territoriales de cada región mexicana.
Teología pública
Authors: Villagrán Medina Gonzalo
Published: April 2022

Peter Berger, intérprete privilegiado de la sociología de la religión actual, afirmaba que la clave última para entender la realidad social en que vivimos es el pluralismo, el cual engloba en su interior la secularización que nos es más inmediata. Este hecho del pluralismo moral y religioso actual de las sociedades obliga a buscar paradigmas nuevos para la palabra de la Iglesia en público. Desde los años 80 existe una respuesta a este desafío en la tradición teológica de la iglesia: la teología pública. Esta corriente está determinada por los fundamentos básicamente hermenéuticos puestos por David Tracy y ha sido aplicada con particular fruto por moralistas como David Hollenbach. Esta corriente puede ser una inspiración muy valiosa para pensar la palabra y la acción de la Iglesia en nuestras sociedades plurales a todos los niveles.
Bananas
Authors: Vidal Ortega Antonino
Published: April 2022

Reseña del libro "Bananas" del autor Peter Chapman
Los sectores sociales medios en la historia social colombiana del siglo XIX
Authors: Solano de las Aguas Sergio Paolo
Published: April 2022

Este artículo estudia las características que definían a los sectores sociales medios en el mundo urbano de la Colombia del siglo XIX. A partir del caso de los artesanos muestra como desde el siglo XVIII el mestizaje desempeñó una función importante en el reordenamiento de la sociedad, en especial en la redistribución de la economía del honor, lo que se reforzó a lo largo de la siguiente centuria. En este proceso el artículo concede especial importancia al papel del trabajo manual en ese reordenamiento, el que al cruzarse con la ciudadanía y la vida política, permitió al artesanado construir elementos de un contradiscurso liberal sobre la sociedad y la nación.
El sistema legal y los litigios de esclavos en Indias (Puerto Rico –Siglo XIX)
Authors: Cunill Caroline
Published: April 2022

Reseña del libro "El sistema legal y los litigios de esclavos en Indias (Puerto Rico – Siglo XIX)" Del autor Gerardo A. Carlo-Altieri
Una revolución con esclavos y con Bolívar. Un ensayo de interpretación
Authors: Zeuske Michael
Published: April 2022

Entre 1780 y 1880 el colonialismo europeo entro en crisis. Las revoluciones liberales atlánticas del siglo XIX impulsaron la opción de la independencia política de las colonias americanas. Estas fueron presentadas por las nacientes nacionalísimos como revoluciones de independencia o guerras revolucionarias de independencia. Se sostiene en este artículo que esas independencias fueron guerras civiles de la que surgió un nuevo régimen político que a pesar de las ideas liberales siguió manteniendo un régimen esclavista. Además del uso que se hizo de la figura políticas de Bolívar para soslayar para ocultar que o hubo un gran cambio en las estructuras de la propiedad de la tierra y en el régimen económico. Para concluir se plantes entender el proceso restando importancia al mito de Bolívar.
Network Transmission Flags Data Affinity-based Classification by K-Nearest Neighbor
Authors: Aljojo Nahla
Published: April 2022

Abstract—This research is concerned with the data generated during a network transmission session to understand how to extract value from the data generated and be able to conduct tasks. Instead of comparing all of the transmission flags for a transmission session at the same time to conduct any analysis, this paper conceptualized the influence of each transmission flag on network-aware applications by comparing the flags one by one on their impact to the application during the transmission session, rather than comparing all of the transmission flags at the same time. The K-nearest neighbor (KNN) type classification was used becauseit is a simple distance-based learning algorithm that remembers earlier training samples and is suitable for taking various flags withtheir effect on application protocols by comparing each new sample with the K-nearest points to make a decision. We used transmission session datasets received from Kaggle for IP flow with 87 features and 3.577.296 instances. We picked 13 features from the datasets and ran them through KNN. RapidMiner was used for the study, and the results of the experiments revealed that the KNN-based model was not only significantly more accurate in categorizing data, but it was also significantly more efficient due to the decreased processing costs.
“To Give Good Science”: Doing Qualitative Research in the Afterward
Authors: Lather Patti
Published: April 2022

This article explores the “afterward” for qualitative research in the ruins of NCLB and its failure to deliver. In the space opened up “after” the dominance of the gold standard bullying and “metric mania” of neo-positivism, I articulate a post-retirement project on the weight of sports in U.S. secondary schools out of a re-engagement with the work of Walter Benjamin.  Here my interest is to imagine forward out of troubling the narrow scientism of the recent past of educational research toward a post-qualitative future.
Digital pioneers in rural regional development: A bibliometric analysis of digitalisation and leadership
Authors: Binder Julia , Witting Antje
Published: April 2022

While research into digitalisation in cities has grown strongly in recent years, rural areas have now also clearly shifted into the focus of attention. An important strand of research intodigitalisation in rural areas can be described as agency perspectives. Current studies point to the driving, transformative force of key figures, for example social entrepreneurs, smart villagers or spatial pioneers. At heart, these studies proposethat paths for collective action can be developed via key figures, thus generating ways to change established rules and norms. This paper represents a methodological contribution to this strand of research by subjecting the debate on leadershipthrough key figures to a quantitative, bibliometric analysis, on the basis of which a heuristic is proposed in order to develop relevant research questions. Based on different strands of discourse, our results show that unequal spatial developmentismanifested in an urban bias, but also demonstrate the potential of the growing research field in rural regional development.
Digitalization and Civic Participation in Rural Areas. A Systematic Review of Scientific Journals, 2010-2020
Authors: Stein Veronika , Pentzold Christian , Peter Sarah , Sterly Simone
Published: April 2022

The smart village is digitally networked and participatory. Its “smartness”, in other words, should be based on interaction between technological infrastructures and civic engagement.While this vision has inspired European policymaking and public discourse in recent years, understanding of the interaction between digitalization and civic participation in rural areas remains limited. In order to fill this gap, this paperoffers a systematic review of journal contributions situated at the intersection of digitalization, participatory efforts and rural development. Overall, our study shows that digital rural development and its interplay with participation processes is still a niche concern in scientific journals. We find that articles focus primarily on projects seeking to increase broadband capacity. Second, they focus on the spatial characteristics of rural areas, where social relations and intermediaries play an important role. Third, they emphasize the integration of topdownmeasures with bottom-up initiatives. There is no single, dominant theoretical approach conceptualizing the intertwining of digitalization and civic participation processes in rural areas. It is evident that local social networks are strengthenedand maintained through both analogue and digital formats. Furthermore, the literature provides evidence that sustainable forms of digital engagement are based on civil society initiatives that are supported and accompanied by administrative measures.
Ideologischer oder pragmatischer Mehrwertausgleich? Eine interkantonale Untersuchung zum Einfluss der politischen Legitimation auf die Ausgestaltung des Ausgleichs planungsbedingter Vorteile in der Schweiz
Authors: Scheiwiller Louis , Hengstermann Andreas
Published: April 2022

As one of the few examples worldwide, Swiss law serves for an instrument to compensate for planning-related increases in land value. The provision at the federal level however is not directly applicable, but merely a binding legislative mandate to the cantons. Beyond the minimum requirements under federal law, the cantons are given far-reaching discretion in the legislative process. This paper exploits this constellation in order to examine how the political legitimacy of the instrument affects the concrete legal configuration. Based on the planning literature, two schools of thought hold precedence. First, that pragmatic arguments would lead to farreaching cantonal regulations, e.g., through the explicit considerationof rezoning and upzoning as further taxable eventsin addition to the federal law requirement of zoning. Second, that ideological arguments are likely to only lead to minimal implementations, e.g., to a levy rate that does not exceed the minimum 20 percent prescribed by federal law. However, thiscomparative study based on the cantons of Basel-Stadt, Basel-Landschaft, and Bern instead points to a reverse correlation. In contrast to international experience, ideological arguments in Switzerland lead to amore far-reaching design of value added capture under planning law.
ORTAÇAĞ'DA ADIYAMAN BİBLİYOGRAFYASI
Authors: DALMİŞ Emin
Published: April 2022

Anadolu’nun birçok farklı şehrinde büyük uygarlıklar kurulmuştur. Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgesinde yer alan Adıyaman ili de bu merkezlerden biridir. Adıyaman’ın tarihi geçmişi Hititlere kadar gitse de en çok dikkat çeken dönem, M.Ö. II. yüzyılda Kommagene krallığına başkentlik yaptığı zamandır.
Ortaçağda Adıyaman önemini hudut şehri olarak devam ettirmiştir. Şehrin belirli dönemlerde birçok iktidarın hâkimiyetinde kalması burası ile ilgili kaynakların elde edilmesini güçleştirmiştir. Dolasıyla şehir Ortaçağ kaynaklarında daha ziyade dolaylı olarak bahsedilmektedir. Adıyaman’la ilgili kitap, makale, sempozyum ve tez çalışmaları incelendiğinde, şehir ile ilgili yapılan araştırmaların en fazla arkeoloji ve sanat tarihi çalışmaları olduğu tespit edildi. Osmanlı hâkimiyetinde iken şehirle ilgili verilerin artmaya başlaması sebebiyle, Osmanlı devleti dönemi çalışmalarının yaygınlaşmasını sağladı.
Adıyaman’ın tarih öncesi, ilk ve ortaçağ tarihlerinin yanı sıra Osmanlı dönemi hakkında tez, bildiri, makale, kitap ve kitap bölümlerinin bibliyografyaları ayrı başlıklar halinde ele alındı. Araştırma Adıyaman ve çevresinin tarihi hakkında akademik ve bilimsel çalışma yapmak isteyen araştırmacılar için müracaat edecekleri kaynakları bulma konusunda önem arz etmektedir.
Frequency of reoperation in patients who underwent breast reconstruction using Allergan implants after an interview about breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma
Authors: Lee Jae Woo , Kim Seung Hyun , Kim Min Wook , Jeong Dae Kyun , Bae Seong Hwan , Kim Hyun Yul , Jung Youn Joo , Choo Ki Seok , Nam Kyung Jin , Nam Su Bong
Published: April 2022

Background In recent years, breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) has emerged as an important concern. At our institution, patients who received breast reconstruction using Allergan implants were informed individually about BIA-ALCL. The present study analyzed correlations between patients’ level of satisfaction with their breast shape and whether they chose to undergo reoperation (implant removal or replacement).Methods Breast reconstruction with Allergan implants was performed between December 2014 and April 2018. In total, 107 patients were interviewed, excluding those who had died, were unreachable, or had already undergone reoperation. The mean follow-up period was 53 months (range, 26–73 months).Results After the interviews, 68 patients postponed reoperation, 29 had their implant replaced, and 10 had their implant removed. Nearly one-fifth (18.9%) of patients who were satisfied with their breast shape (13 out of 69) underwent reoperation due to anxiety over ALCL. Meanwhile, 68.4% of patients who were not satisfied due to capsular contracture or scar contracture (26 out of 38) underwent reoperation. Sixteen of the 30 patients who received postoperative radiotherapy (53.3%) chose to undergo reoperation.Conclusions Satisfaction with the cosmetic outcomes of implant placement played a meaningful role in patients’ decisions to undergo reoperation. This tendency may be linked to postoperative radiotherapy, which is a major contributor to complications such as contracture. Nonetheless, a substantial proportion of patients who were satisfied with the outcomes chose to undergo reoperation due to concerns regarding ALCL.
A rare case of a folded nasolabial flap for a full-thickness alar defect due to trigeminal trophic syndrome after herpes zoster infection
Authors: Ryu Hyeong Rae , Lee Da Woon , Kim Jun Hyuk , Choi Hwan Jun
Published: April 2022

A 51-year-old man was referred for a skin defect with paresthesia and decreased pain in his right ala. He had a history of herpes zoster infection 3 weeks previously. Excisional biopsy and culture showed no evidence of skin malignancy or infection. He was diagnosed with trigeminal trophic syndrome (TTS) after herpes zoster infection. A two-stage folded nasolabial flap was used to reconstruct the defect. The patient was satisfied with the cosmetic outcomes of surgery, and there was no evidence of recurrence during the follow-up. TTS, a rare skin condition that presents with paresthesia, anesthesia, and facial ulceration, occurs after trigeminal nerve injury, which can be caused by herpes zoster infection in rare cases. TTS is an often-persistent condition with a high recurrence rate, causing cosmetic problems. Some surgical methods have been attempted, but our case presents the first use of a folded nasolabial flap to treat TTS. The flap was symmetric, without any nostril collapse. It is also noteworthy that the outcome was excellent with only a skin flap that did not use a bony framework. Herein, we report a rare case of TTS that occurred after herpes zoster infection and was successfully treated with a folded nasolabial flap.
Clinical characteristics of and therapeutic approach to complications due to the injection of foreign material in the face: a retrospective study
Authors: Shin Dong Seok , Son Kyung Min , Cheon Ji Seon , Choi Woo Young , Choi Min Hyub
Published: April 2022

Background Soft tissue fillers are increasingly used to rejuvenate and beautify the body and face. Unknown foreign materials that have not always been proven to be safe for human use have been used for injections in the past. Various commercial injectable materials have since been developed and are used; however, the number of complications has increased as soft tissue fillers have increased in use.Methods A retrospective study of 39 patients with facial foreign body complications who underwent surgical treatment between March 2012 and February 2021 was conducted. Patient information was analyzed, and patient satisfaction was evaluated using a questionnaire after surgical treatment. A comparative statistical analysis was undertaken.Results Patients who underwent procedures performed by unlicensed practitioners tended to be older at the time of presenting to the hospital (P=0.004). The degree of satisfaction after surgical repair was significantly lower following the direct approach than after the indirect approach using a bypass incision (P=0.044). The degree of satisfaction significantly decreased (P=0.001) as the number of operations the patient received increased.Conclusions When treating complications caused by foreign material injections, surgical removal is a more reliable method than treatment with medication or further injections; however, treatment decisions should be made thoughtfully, and many factors must be considered. Patient satisfaction can be improved by reducing the number of operations and making the appropriate corresponding incisions or excisions to treat the full range of symptoms caused by foreign substances and by indirectly using bypass incisions to mitigate post-surgery scars.
Floating particles mixing characteristics in an eccentric stirred tank coupled with dislocated fractal impellers
Authors: Gu Deyin , Li Xin , Wang Yi , Xu Hui , Ye Mei , Wen Li
Published: April 2022

The mixing characteristics of floating particle dispersion process in an eccentric stirred tank with dislocated fractal impellers were investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimental analyses. Solid concentration distribution, axial solid concentration profile, cloud height, solid integrated velocity, power consumption and just drawdown speed were investigated. Results showed that dislocated fractal impeller can enhance solid integrated velocity and fluid turbulent fluctuation intensity compared with dislocated pitched blade impeller, and eccentric agitation coupled with dislocated fractal impeller could destroy the typical circulation loops and symmetric flow field and improve the axial circulation efficiency of floating particles on the basis of dislocated fractal impeller. Eccentric agitation coupled with dislocated fractal impeller could further enhance the floating particle dispersion homogeneity (MI) and decrease the just drawdown speed (N
jd) on the basis of dislocated fractal impeller and dislocated pitched blade impeller at the specific power consumption. Meanwhile, eccentric ratio of 0.3 or 0.4 was optimal for the floating particle mixing process in this work.
Relationship between height age, bone age and chronological age in normal children in the context of nutritional and pubertal status
Authors: Khadilkar Vaman , Oza Chirantap , Khadilkar Anuradha
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Bone age (BA) is a quantitative determination of skeletal maturation. The role of puberty in variations in BA is poorly understood as hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis maturation and skeletal maturation are regulated in parallel but independently by multiple different factors. In countries like India where there is rapid nutrition transition and increase in prevalence of obesity, their impact on height and BA is not well understood.

Objectives

To study if in 2–17 year old healthy children, the difference between chronological age (CA), height age (HA) and BA is less than 1 year on either side of the chronological age and to assess relationship of BA with height, weight and BMI with special reference to gender and puberty.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 804 preschool/school-going Indian children. Anthropometric measurements and pubertal assessments were performed using standard protocols and were converted to age and sex standardized z-scores using Indian references while BA was estimated by Tanner-Whitehouse (TW3) method. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

The mean age and gender standardized z-scores for height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and BA were −0.3 ± 0.7, −0.7 ± 0.8, −0.1 ± 1.0, and −0.2 ± 0.9 respectively. HA was more delayed in girls while BA was more delayed in boys. The mean BA z-score increased with increasing BMI. After the onset of puberty, there was higher increment in BA in girls and HA in boys (p<0.05).

Conclusions

HA, BA and CA were tightly correlated in healthy Indian children with a significant role of nutritional status and puberty in causing variation in the same.
Preliminary Results and Research Perspectives on the Submerged Stone Age Sites in Storstrømmen, Denmark
Authors: Fiedler Klara , Johansen Morten , Binder Andreas G.
Published: April 2022

This article gives an overview of the survey campaigns and excavations undertaken within an area of the sound Storstrømmen in southeast Denmark from 2014 to 2017. Before the construction of a new bridge over the sound, geophysical data from the bridge corridor and other areas affected by the development project were used to give a representation of the moraine till as a proxy for the submerged prehistoric topography, with the topographical interpretation serving as a base for appointing areas with high potential for finding well-preserved Mesolithic sites. Several new Mesolithic sites were found during test excavations. The sites are preserved at different depths in the channel and range in date over the entire Danish Mesolithic period. All sites are located along former waterfronts, and the majority showed good preservation for organic material. Four of the discovered sites have been subject to excavations. The sites are located at different elevations and have between them the potential of contributing to the understanding of the human response to the dramatic topographic and environmental change that took place in Storstrømmen during the Atlantic period as a consequence of the rising sea level.
Study on dynamic viscoelastic constitutive model of nonwater reacted polyurethane grouting materials based on DMA
Authors: Jingwei Zhang , Jia Li , Chuhao Huang , Shuo Chen
Published: April 2022

Nonwater reacted polyurethane grouting materials are new materials developed to make up for the shortcomings of water-reactive materials in emergency rescue. However, its viscoelastic properties and constitutive model under dynamic loads have not been systematically studied. Based on dynamic thermal mechanical analysis (DMA), the dynamic viscoelastic indexes such as storage modulus, loss modulus, and loss factor of nonwater reacted polymer grouting material were obtained, and the frequency spectrum of polymer with different densities were analyzed. In addition, comparing and analyzing the classical viscoelastic constitutive models such as Maxewell model, Kelvin model, and Fractional model, the fourth-order generalized Maxwell model (GMM) was selected to construct the viscoelastic constitutive model of polyurethane grounding materials. Then, the parameters of the viscoelastic constitutive model of polyurethane grounding materials were obtained by using multi-objective shared parameter fitting method, and dynamic viscoelastic constitutive model of nonwater reacted polyurethane grouting materials was established. Furthermore, the viscoelastic constitutive model with different densities was verified by the DMA test. The results show that the dynamic viscoelastic constitutive model of nonwater reacted polyurethane grouting materials in the article can accurately and efficiently describe the dynamic viscoelastic properties of polyurethane grounding materials, which lays a foundation for the dynamic response analysis of polymer structures.
Non-Invasive Physico-Chemical and Biological Analysis of Parchment Manuscripts – An Overview
Authors: Cappa Federica , Sterflinger Katja
Published: April 2022

This work will give an overview of the scientific approach used for the study of written heritage on parchment. Elemental analysis using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) together with compound-specific analytical methods such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy can be applied in a non-invasive way, without the need for sampling and without inducing changes to the object. Physico-chemical investigations are complemented and further deepened by DNA- and biological analyses for the identification of the biological origin of materials and the identification of microorganisms, insects and viruses that might be present on the object which may add valuable information about its history and conservation state.