bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-usage des barrages : le cas du bassin du Niger
Authors: Lino Michel , Devernay Jean-Michel , Skinner Jamie , Compaore Jean-Abdias , Kone Soungalo
Published: May 2022

Entre 2003 et 2008, les neuf États membres de l’Autorité du Bassin du Niger (ABN) ont développé un processus de Vision Partagée visant le développement durable du bassin du fleuve Niger à travers la mise en oeuvre d’actions et de projets intégrateurs à dimension transfrontalière. Les usages multiples de l’eau et la gestion coordonnée des barrages sont au coeur de cette politique de développement de longue haleine. L’ABN a retenu un scénario d’aménagement comportant la réhabilitation/valorisation des anciens barrages et la construction de trois nouveaux barrages structurants : Fomi en Guinée, Taoussa au Mali et Kandadji au Niger (construction en cours). L’article analyse les conflits d’intérêts potentiels entre usages (par exemple développement hydroagricole et protection de l’état écologique, ou production hydroélectrique et préservation des crues alimentant le Delta Intérieur du Niger). Il met en lumière l’intérêt d’une collaboration régionale renforcée pour réduire les risques associés à ces conflits d’intérêts et permettre à chaque pays membre de l’ABN de tirer les bénéfices liés à un développement harmonieux et durable de ces infrastructures transfrontalières. En particulier, il souligne la nécessaire optimisation des ouvrages hydrauliques et de leur gestion coordonnée pour atteindre le consensus régional. Enfin les auteurs proposent quelques principes méthodologiques et actions clés visant à renforcer concrètement cette collaboration régionale.
Les données spatiales au service du suivi des ressources en eau
Authors: Aubert Yoann , Legay Thomas , Verdonck Julien , Brunel Damien , Delichere Stéphane
Published: May 2022

Les données satellitaires peuvent enrichir le suivi des ressources en eau, quels que soient les objectifs de ce suivi (gestion stratégique des ressources en eau, gestion des ouvrages, prévision des crues et étiages…). Ces données présentent l’avantage de couvrir à pas-de-temps régulier le monde entier, y compris des territoires difficiles d’accès. L’usage de ces données soulève plusieurs questions : comment évaluer leur qualité ? Comment les corriger ? Quelle pertinence au regard des données au sol dont on dispose ? Comment les utiliser pour optimiser le réseau de mesures hydrologiques ? À travers plusieurs projets et avec des partenaires scientifiques et industriels variés (IRD, CNES, CLS, CNRS, CENEAU…) BRL Ingénierie contribue à évaluer et à valoriser l’usage des données satellitaires pour la gestion des ressources en eau à l’échelle d’un bassinversant (e.g. l’Amazone) ou d’un territoire (l’Ouganda). L’objectif est de délivrer des indicateurs hydrologiques issus de l’association de modèles hydrologiques, de données in-situ et de données satellitaires, intégrés en temps réel dans un système d’information sur l’eau. Cet article présente les possibilités et les limites actuelles de l’utilisation des données satellitaires afin d’optimiser le suivi des ressources en eau.
Lessons learnt from basin management in Iran and the world (case study Helmand, Danube and Colorado basins)
Authors: Mohaddess Ali Faghihi , Reza Kianifar
Published: May 2022

In recent years, river flow into Sistan dam changed because of construction of dams and expansion of irrigation areas in the upper Helmand basin. Planning for construction of more dams and heightening of Kajaki dam in Helmand basin shall intensify the severity of water shortage of Sistan dam and Hamun Lake. Sistan dam located at downstream of Helmand river on Sistan branch of the Helmand river, power shifts in Afghanistan and expansion of irrigation areas in upstream basins and absence of an integrated authority/management in the basin are the major problems. Political nature of international protocols for management of the basin is another problem for water resource management in the region. Above mentioned issues forced the local water authorities to solve the problems using natural and man-made reservoirs and interlink canals, called Chah-Nimeh dams. This study focused on comparison of Helmand, Danube and Colorado river basins to find possible acts in Helmand basin.
Hydropower as a catalyst for the energy transition within the European Green Deal Part II: The complex environment for hydropower, biodiversity challenges and the main innovation and research directions
Authors: Fry Jean-Jacques , Schleiss Anton J. , Morris Mark
Published: May 2022

The European Union has the ambition to be the first carbonneutral continent by 2050. To fulfil this objective and integrate into the grid the large amount of power from solar and wind, Europe can rely upon the high storage and flexible capacity of hydropower. Thus, new reservoirs and innovative use of current reservoirs will be needed to provide an effective contribution to this unprecedented European Green Deal. The project Hydropower Europe, funded by the H2020 research programme, is tasked with identifying innovative uses of reservoirs and prioritizing the associated innovation actions targeting an energy system with high flexibility and renewable share. The project deliverables are a Research and Innovation Agenda (RIA) listing the top strategic research and innovation directions and a Strategic Industry Roadmap (SIR) addressing non-technical actions and requests for the hydropower sector. This paper describes the vision of the project: “Hydropower as a catalyst for the energy transition”. In Part I of this paper, the Green Deal and the role of hydropower were outlined and discussed. In this Part II, after highlighting the complex environment for hydropower in Europe, and the challenges of biodiversity, the main innovation and research directions extracted from the RIA and the main steps of the SIR for combining multipurpose hydropower, in a sustainable, efficient and cost-effective manner, are presented.
Epidemiological Study of Acute Unintentional Poisoning Among Children
in Iran
Authors: Tarhani Fariba , Nezami Alireza , Heidari Ghobad , Hosseinizadeh-salavati Nazanin
Published: May 2022

The occurrence of different types of poisoning and early diagnosis is important
for therapeutic measures. In this study, we investigate the epidemiological
causes of acute poisoning in children.

In this retrospective descriptive study, children presented with acute poisoning
during 2010–2019 to Shahid Madani Hospital were included. The Electronic
Medical Record system of the hospital was accessed to obtain the data of the
patients. The data included was demographic information, type of poisoning,
clinical findings, complications, duration of hospitalization, parents’
education status, and mortality status.

Of 336 patients included in the study, the mean age of patients was
4.90±3.27 years (range: 1–12 years). There was a significant
correlation between the age of the child and the type of poisoning,
p=0.001. The most frequent age group was 5 years and less
(69.6%). The most frequent sex group was male (58.6%). However,
there was no significant correlation between the sex of the child and the type
of poisoning. Parents’ education and ICU admission were also associated
significantly with the type of poisoning, p=0.001, respectively. The
most common type of poisoning in children was medication (60.6%) which
was mainly due to methadone. The mortality rate in the study was
1.2%.

Our study showed that pharmacological drugs are the main cause of poisoning in
our population. Age of the children is likely to be associated with the type of
poisoning however, no gender difference was found in this regard was found in
our study.
Nicht nur multimodal, sondern auch interdisziplinär: Ein
Konzept für fächerübergreifende Zusammenarbeit in der
Rehabilitation des Post-COVID-Syndroms
Authors: Kupferschmitt Alexa , Etzrodt Franziska , Kleinschmidt Judit , Köllner Volker
Published: May 2022

Aktuell (Mitte März 2022) haben sich über 17 Mio. Menschen in
Deutschland mit dem SARS-CoV-2-Virus infiziert. Es ist damit zu rechnen, dass
5–10% der Infizierten ein klinisch relevantes Post-COVID-Syndrom
entwickeln. Häufigste Symptome sind Fatigue, Dyspnoe und kognitive
Einschränkungen. Eine kausale Therapie steht aktuell nicht zur
Verfügung, es mehren sich jedoch die Hinweise, dass ein multimodaler
Behandlungsansatz mit psychotherapeutischen Elementen erfolgversprechend ist.
Post-COVID stellt somit eine aktuelle Herausforderung für das
Gesundheitssystem und speziell die Rehabilitation dar. In diesem Beitrag wird
ein duales internistisch-psychosomatisches Rehabilitationskonzept beschrieben.
Kernelemente sind eine verhaltenstherapeutisch orientierte
störungsspezifische Psychotherapiegruppe sowie an die individuelle
Leistungsfähigkeit angepasste und langsam aufbauende Bewegungstherapie.
Ziele sind Unterstützung bei der Krankheitsverarbeitung und eine
Verbesserung der Leistungsfähigkeit. Eingesetzt werden u. a.
Interventionen basierend auf der ACT und dem Avoidance-Endurance-Konzept. Hinzu
kommen indikativ Atemtherapie, kognitives Training sowie Ernährungs- und
Sozialberatung. Die internistische Mitbetreuung gibt den Patienten die
Sicherheit, sich auf das körperliche Trainingsprogramm einlassen zu
können. Die bisherigen Erfahrungen zeigen, dass das Konzept von den
Betroffenen gut akzeptiert wird und dass die angestrebten Behandlungsziele
erreicht werden können.
Cardiovascular Considerations in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Vogt Braden , Chu Antony F.
Published: May 2022

Liver cirrhosis is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality and can result in alterations to cardiac function. Patients with cirrhosis may develop a hyperdynamic circulation. Furthermore, systolic or diastolic function may occur, although diastolic function is more common. The transjugular intraheptic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is an increasingly prominent procedure to treat portal hypertension that can result in transient worsening of hyperdynamic circulation. TIPS can be complicated by cardiac decompensation, with diastolic dysfunction playing a key role. Investigators developed an algorithm to stratify risk of cardiac decompensation after TIPS using natriuretic peptide levels and echocardiography. Eighty percent of patients with aortic stenosis decompensated after TIPS in one cohort, but this requires further study before it is considered a contraindication. Cirrhosis has also been linked to development of atrial fibrillation, although data remain mixed. The first-choice anticoagulant should be direct oral anticoagulants, as studies show superior outcomes to warfarin. QTc prolongation is often seen in patients with cirrhosis, theoretically predisposing to ventricular arrhythmias, however the clinical significance remains unclear. The impact of TIPS on arrhythmia is understudied, but small cohorts found high rates. Overall, cirrhosis can have significant impacts of cardiac function and clinicians must be aware of these alterations.
Towards a socially fair green transition in the EU? An analysis of the Just Transition Fund using the Multiple Streams Framework
Authors: Kyriazi Anna , Miró Joan
Published: May 2022

The Just Transition Fund was introduced in 2021 as part of the European Union’s Green New Deal and aims to assuage some of the painful social consequences of the green transition. Relying on the Multiple Streams Framework, this article reconstructs the JTF’s institution. It identifies 2018–2019 as a key conjuncture in the European Union when various social, ideational and political preconditions enabling policy innovation converged. Subsequently, the need to publicly finance a just transition emerged in relation to some Eastern European states’ reluctance to work towards the 2050 climate neutrality target. After a Polish-led configuration of actors propelled the JTF onto the agenda, the von der Leyen Commission assumed the task of designing a less transparently self-serving policy instrument necessary to garner wider political support. The final JTF emerged from the interplay between two policy entrepreneurs in the context of the negotiations on the 2021–2027 European Union budget and the dislocations provoked by the COVID-19 crisis.
Ultrafast photo-induced processes in complex environments: The role of accuracy in excited-state energy potentials and initial conditions
Authors: Petrone Alessio , Perrella Fulvio , Coppola Federico , Crisci Luigi , Donati Greta , Cimino Paola , Rega Nadia
Published: May 2022

Light induces non-equilibrium time evolving molecular phenomena. The computational modeling of photo-induced processes in large systems, embedded in complex environments (i.e., solutions, proteins, materials), demands for a quantum and statistical mechanic treatment to achieve the required accuracy in the description of both the excited-state energy potentials and the choice of the initial conditions for dynamical simulations. On the other hand, the theoretical investigation on the atomistic scale of times and sizes of the ultrafast photo-induced reactivity and non-equilibrium relaxation dynamics right upon excitation requests tailored computational protocols. These methods often exploit hierarchic computation schemes, where a large part of the degrees of freedom are required to be treated explicitly to achieve the right accuracy. Additionally, part of the explicit system needs to be treated at ab initio level, where density functional theory, using hybrid functionals, represents a good compromise between accuracy and computational cost, when proton transfers, non-covalent interactions, and hydrogen bond dynamics play important roles. Thus, the modeling strategies presented in this review stress the importance of hierarchical quantum/molecular mechanics with effective non-periodic boundary conditions and efficient phase-sampling schemes to achieve chemical accuracy in ultrafast time-resolved spectroscopy and photo-induced phenomena. These approaches can allow explicit and accurate treatment of molecule/environment interactions, including also the electrostatic and dispersion forces of the bulk. At the same time, the specificities of the different case studies of photo-induced phenomena in solutions and biological environments are highlighted and discussed, with special attention to the computational and modeling challenges.
Multi-center bonds as resonance hybrids: A real space perspective
Authors: Reuter L. , van Staalduinen N. , Simons J. , Ludovicy J. , Lüchow A.
Published: May 2022

The concept of distinct bonds within molecules has proven to be successful in rationalizing chemical reactivity. However, bonds are not a well-defined physical concept, but rather vague entities, described by different and often contradicting models. With probability density analysis, which can—in principle—be applied to any wave function, bonds are recovered as spin-coupled positions within most likely electron arrangements in coordinate space. While the wave functions of many systems are dominated by a single electron arrangement that is built from two-center two-electron bonds, some systems require several different arrangements to be well described. In this work, a range of these multi-center bonded molecules are classified and investigated with probability density analysis. The results are compared with valence bond theory calculations and data from collision-induced dissociation experiments.
Realization of broadband terahertz metamaterial absorber using an anti-symmetric resonator consisting of two mutually perpendicular metallic strips
Authors: Wang Ben-Xin , Xu Chongyang , Zhou Haiquan , Duan Guiyuan
Published: May 2022

This paper presents a scheme to achieve a broadband metamaterial absorber in the terahertz region, which is consisted of an anti-symmetric T-shaped resonator (formed by two mutually perpendicular metallic strips) on top of a metallic back layer separated by an insulator dielectric layer. The anti-symmetric T-shaped resonator can have a strong electromagnetic interaction with the incident beam, resulting in four different absorption peaks having adjacent frequencies, and the superposition effect of these adjacent peaks produces a broadband absorption. The resonance bandwidth of greater than 80% absorption can have 0.58 THz ranging from 1.54 to 2.12 THz, and its relative resonance bandwidth is 31.69%. The resonance bandwidth and relative resonance bandwidth can be scaled by controlling the parameters of two mutually perpendicular metallic strips in the anti-symmetric T-shaped resonator. Moreover, the parameter optimization of the anti-symmetric T-shaped resonator can realize five discrete absorption peaks with adjacent frequencies, and their combined effect can obtain not only broadband absorption but also a greater absorption bandwidth compared with the case of broadband absorption having four absorption peaks.
Effects of transforming growth factor β1 on steroidogenesis of feline granulosa cells cultured
Authors: Maylem Excel R. S. , Spicer Leon J.
Published: May 2022

Context Little is known about the hormonal regulation of feline ovarian granulosa cell proliferation and steroidogenesis. Aims To determine if transforming growth factor β1 (TGFB1), activin, epidermal growth factor (EGF), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), melatonin, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) regulate granulosa cell steroidogenesis and proliferation in cats, three experiments were conducted in winter season. Methods Granulosa cells were isolated and treated in vitro with various hormones in serum-free medium for 48 h after an initial 48 h plating in 10% fetal calf serum. Key results Treatment with IGF1 and FSH increased (P < 0.05) estradiol production by 2.3- and 1.33-fold, respectively. In contrast, TGFB1 blocked (P < 0.05) IGF1-induced estradiol production and inhibited FSH-induced estradiol production by 60%. Combined with FSH or FSH plus IGF1, TGFB1 inhibited (P < 0.05) cell proliferation, whereas TGFB1 increased progesterone production by 2.8-fold in the presence of FSH plus IGF1. EGF decreased (P < 0.05) FSH plus IGF1-induced estradiol production by 89% but did not affect progesterone production or cell numbers. Activin did not affect (P > 0.10) cell numbers or steroidogenesis in the presence of FSH plus IGF1. Melatonin and LH decreased (P < 0.05) estradiol production 53% and 59%, respectively, without affecting progesterone production or cell proliferation. Conclusions The present study has identified TGFB1 as a major regulator of feline ovarian function, in addition to EGF, IGF1, melatonin, LH and FSH. Implications These studies will provide useful information for future development of fertility control in feline species.
Rumination, risk, and response: a qualitative analysis of sexual health anxiety among online sexual health chat service users
Authors: Watt Sarah , Salway Travis , Gómez-Ramírez Oralia , Ablona Aidan , Barton Lindsay , Chang Hsiu-Ju , Pedersen Heather , Haag Devon , LeMoult Joelle , Gilbert Mark
Published: May 2022

Background Anxiety is common among sexual health service users. Accessible, anonymous online sexual health services may offer opportunities to connect users with mental health services, but little is known about anxiety in these settings. We sought to characterise expressions of anxiety among chat users and nurse responses to anxiety. Methods We conducted inductive thematic analysis of transcripts from an anonymous online sexual health chat service moderated by sexual health nurses. Results Among chat users, we identified: worry, anxiety, and emotional distress, particularly regarding HIV transmission risk, testing, and symptoms; exaggerated appraisal of HIV-transmission risk associated with sex-related shame and stigma; and patterns of anxiety that were unresolved by HIV education or testing interventions. Although nurses recognised and acknowledged anxiety, their responses to this anxiety varied; some provided anxiety management information, while others offered sexual health education and risk assessment. Conclusions Targeted interventions addressing HIV-related stigma and anxiety among online sexual health service users are needed to facilitate connections to appropriate mental health supports.
Design principles of PI(4,5)P2clustering under protein-free conditions: Specific cation effects and calcium-potassium synergy
Authors: Han Kyungreem , Kim Soon Ho , Venable Richard M. , Pastor Richard W.
Published: May 2022

Significance

Clustering of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) with proteins into what are known as “PIP2rafts” is a critical component of intracellular signaling, yet little is known about PIP2clusters at the atomic level. Using molecular dynamics simulations and network theory, this paper shows that Ca2+generates large clusters by linking PIP2dimers already formed by doubly charged P4/P5 phosphates, while monovalent cations form smaller and less-stable clusters by adding PIP2monomers preferentially via weaker interactions with P4/P5 (for Na+) or with glycerol P1 (for K+). Synergy arises between K+and Ca2+because each ion forms linkages with different phosphates, thereby giving clusters more ways to grow. This explains why Ca2+is pumped into cells by ion channels to form PIP2rafts.
Spontaneous exciton dissociation in organic photocatalyst under ambient conditions for highly efficient synthesis of hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Yan Huijie , Shen Minhui , Shen Yong , Wang Xu-Dong , Lin Wei , Pan Jinhui , He Jian , Ye Yu-Xin , Yang Xin , Zhu Fang , Xu Jianqiao , He Jianguo , Ouyang Gangfeng
Published: May 2022

Significance

Hydrogen peroxide is a highly competitive ready-to-use product for solar energy transformation. Nevertheless, the contemporary photosynthetic systems are not efficient enough, due to severe charge recombination caused by high activation energy and binding energy of the exciton. Herein, we achieve spontaneous exciton dissociation at room temperature. Moreover, the photosynthesis of H
2
O
2
reaches between 9,366 and 12,324 µmol·g
−1
from 9 AM to 4 PM in ambient conditions, that is, sunlight irradiation, real water including fresh water and seawater, room temperature, and open air. The ultrahigh photocatalytic efficiency in ambient conditions allows the solar-to-chemical conversion in a real cost-effective and sustainable way, which represents an important step toward real applications.
Nominal reduplication in cross-linguistic perspective
Authors: Mattiola Simone , Barotto Alessandra
Published: May 2022

This paper aims at investigating the semantics of nominal reduplication cross-linguistically. Nominal reduplication is treated as an iconic morphological device expressing functions that have something to do with plurality. Nevertheless, in the languages of the world, other types of functions are attested as well, which seem to pivot around different notions like conceptual similarity, heterogeneity, combinations of them, or even possession. Based on a large-scale cross-linguistic analysis, we provide a typology of nominal reduplication considering the range of semantic functions and the type of reduplicative patterns. We argue that the attested variation clearly points to a common semantic core underlying the various functions, and this core can be identified in some modification of the degree and type of referentiality. Finally, the attested tendencies and correlations may shed new light on the role of iconicity in explaining the connection between reduplicated nouns and their functions.
Revealing the dissociation channels of mixed photons for

H2+

in bicircularly polarized laser pulses
Authors: Cao Pengkun , Zhang Qingbin , Wang Run , Liu Kunlong , Lu Peixiang
Published: May 2022

We theoretically study the dissociation of

H

2

+

driven by the bicircularly polarized (BiCP) laser pulses. It is shown that there is a possibility for the molecule dissociating through the mixed-photon channels, in which the system simultaneously absorbs multiple photons of different frequencies from the BiCP pulses. Setting the frequency ratios of 1:2 and 1:3 for the BiCP pulses reveals the mixed-photon dissociation channels from the interference patterns in the angle-resolved kinetic energy spectra. In addition, by applying the wave packet interference approach, we show that one can further estimate the fragment yield ratios between different dissociation channels that lead to the same kinetic energy.
Opportunities and challenges of low-dimensional hybrid metal halides in white light-emitting diodes
Authors: Mo Qionghua , Shi Yingrui , Cai Wensi , Zhao Shuangyi , Ying Yuansong , Zang Zhigang
Published: May 2022

Optically pumped white-light emitting diodes (WLEDs), including down conversion phosphors and blue/ultraviolet chips have attracted considerable attention in the solid-state lighting. However, commercial WLEDs contain massive rare-earth elements, which may suffer issues of unsustainability, potential price increasing due to insufficient supply. Thus, it is important to explore rare-earth-free light emitters with a broadband emission, a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and an excellent stability. Recently, low-dimensional hybrid metal halides have received remarkable progress in WLEDs due to their high PLQY, ultra-broadband emission and easy synthetic procedures. In this review, the synthesis methods of low-dimensional hybrid metal halides are given followed by the discussions of their photoluminescence mechanisms. After that, low-dimensional hybrid metal halides with diversity colors including blue/blue-violet, green, yellow/orange, red/near-infrared are summarized. Specially, white light-emitting diodes based on low-dimensional metal hybrid halides will be reviewed. Finally, the perspective of the evolutions and challenges, the current limitations of the materials WLEDs are discussed, aiming to point of the inspirational outlook of their future development directions.
Effect of anti-solvents on the performance of solar cells based on two-dimensional Ruddlesden–Popper-phase perovskite films
Authors: Zhou Chun-Liang , Ma Wen-Bo , Zhang Zhen-Long , Mao Yan-Li
Published: May 2022

The anti-solvent method is one of the main methods used to prepare two-dimensional (2D) Ruddlesden–Popper (RP)-phase perovskite (PVK) films. To investigate the effect of anti-solvent type on the performance of solar cells based on RP-phase PVK films, three kinds of solvents, toluene (TL), ethyl acetate (EA) and chlorobenzene (CB), were used to prepare 2D RP-phase PVK of GA2MA4Pb5I16. The results display that solar cells based on a 2D PVK layer formed with CB present better performance than those with TL and EA. The results of several investigations show that PVK films formed with CB present lower trap density, longer lifetime, no pinholes and smoother surfaces compared with those formed with TL and EA. This demonstrates that CB is the optimal anti-solvent for the preparation of 2D RP PVK solar cells.
Research on optimization method of capacitance tomography based on contribution degree analysis
Authors: Ku Shuaichao , Gao Heming , Jian Xiaohu , Liao Zhongyu
Published: May 2022

The Landweber algorithm is limited in its use in further applications due to its problems of semi-convergence and slow reconstruction speed. To solve the above issues, this paper first analyzes the causes of the semi-convergence characteristic of the Landweber algorithm from the perspective of the negative sensitivity field. Second, a method of data screening based on a contribution degree analysis is proposed, to weaken the influence of negative sensitivity fields on the semi-convergence characteristic of the algorithm. Then, based on this method, valid capacitance data are selected from the original capacitance data. Finally, the reconstructed results of the Landweber algorithm with the valid capacitance data and original capacitance data are evaluated, by taking the correlation coefficient and computation time as evaluation criteria. The results indicate that the new method effectively suppresses the semi-convergence characteristic of the algorithm, improves the convergence effect of the algorithm, and increases the image reconstruction quality and speed.
Evaluation of collision/reaction gases in single-particle ICP-MS for sizing selenium nanoparticles and assessment of their antibacterial activity
Authors: Freire Bruna Moreira , Cavalcanti Yasmin Tavares , Lange Camila Neves , Pieretti Joana Claudio , Pereira Rodrigo Mendes , Gonçalves Marcelly Chue , Nakazato Gerson , Seabra Amedea Barozzi , Batista Bruno Lemos
Published: May 2022

Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have recently attracted attention because they combine the benefits of Se and lower toxicity compared to other chemical forms of this element. In this study, SeNPs were synthesized by a green method using ascorbic acid as the reducing agent and polyvinyl alcohol as stabilizer. The nanoparticles were widely characterized. To determine the total concentration of Se by ICP-MS, several isotopes and the use of He as collision gas were evaluated, which was effective in minimizing interferences. A method for sizing SeNPs by single particle ICP-MS (SP-ICP-MS) was developed. For this purpose, He and H2 were evaluated as collision/reaction gases, and the second one showed promising results, providing an average diameter of 48 nm for the SeNPs. These results agree with those obtained by TEM (50.1 nm). Therefore, the SP-ICP-MS can be implemented for characterizing SeNPs in terms of size and size distribution, being an important analytical tool for Se and other widely studied nanoparticles (e.g. Ag, Au, Ce, Cu, Fe, Zn). Finally, the antibacterial activity of SeNPs was assessed. The SeNPs showed bacteriostatic activity against three strains of Gram-positive bacteria and were particularly efficient in inhibiting the growth E. faecalis even at very low concentrations (MIC < 1.4 mg l−1). In addition, a bactericidal activity of SeNPs against S. aureus was observed. These nanoparticles may have potential application in pharmaceutical industry, biomedicine and agriculture.
One decade of quantum optimal control in the chopped random basis
Authors: Müller Matthias M , Said Ressa S , Jelezko Fedor , Calarco Tommaso , Montangero Simone
Published: May 2022

The chopped random basis (CRAB) ansatz for quantum optimal control has been proven to be a versatile tool to enable quantum technology applications such as quantum computing, quantum simulation, quantum sensing, and quantum communication. Its capability to encompass experimental constraints—while maintaining an access to the usually trap-free control landscape—and to switch from open-loop to closed-loop optimization (including with remote access—or RedCRAB) is contributing to the development of quantum technology on many different physical platforms. In this review article we present the development, the theoretical basis and the toolbox for this optimization algorithm, as well as an overview of the broad range of different theoretical and experimental applications that exploit this powerful technique.
DFT based study of transition metals (Au,Ag,Pd& Pt) doped graphitic carbon nitride (gCN) monolayer as a CO gas sensor
Authors: Nihal  , Sharma Rahul , Kaur Navjot , Choudhary B C , Goswamy J K
Published: May 2022

In the present study, we explored the sensing behavior of pristine gCN and transition metal (Au, Ag, Pd and Pt) doped gCN monolayer for CO gas molecule using DFT calculations. Structural and electronic properties such as adsorption energy, band structure and density of states (DOS) have been investigated. An increase of 17.03%, 15.08%, 2.24% and 4.99% is observed for Au, Ag, Pd and Pt doped gCN as compared to pristine gCN towards CO gases. Moreover the band gap also decreases considerably after doping transition metals in it which futher reduces after introduction of CO gas. DOS value also increases. The study revealed that the sensing performance of gCN is enhanced by doping the pristine form with the transition metals (Au, Ag and Pt) and hence doped gCN can be a favorable material for CO gas sensing.
On the robustness of information-theoretic authentication in quantum cryptography
Authors: Molotkov S N
Published: May 2022

In addition to the quantum channel, an auxiliary classical authentic communication channel is required for quantum key distribution. To provide unconditional security in quantum cryptography, which based on the fundamental laws of quantum mechanics, information-theoretic authentication is required, and not authentication based on computational complexity. The paper provides a security proof of information-theoretic authentication in quantum cryptography using ɛ-ASU2 hash functions. The internal structure of ɛ-ASU2 hash functions is not used in the proof, so these hash functions can be implemented by a different composition of other hash functions, for example, including the composition ɛ-AXU2 functions with a reused key and subsequent encryption of the tag with a one-time pad key, which is taken from the previous session of quantum key distribution. It is also shown that information-theoretic authentication preserves composable security of the keys. This authentication method can also be used for key agrrement in in networks with trusted nodes (Molotkov 2022 Laser Phys. Lett.
19 045201–9; Arbekov and Molotkov 2020 Laser Phys. Lett.
17 055202–8) and with quantum key distribution.
Symbol rate limitation due to optical filtering
Authors: Bazarov T O , Senko M A , Dorozhkin A N , Starykh D D , Nanii O E , Treshchikov V N
Published: May 2022

Explicit expressions for the dependence of signal-to-noise ratio on the optical filter bandwidth and its slope have been obtained. The resulting expressions were confirmed experimentally. The dependencies of critical symbol rate on two parameters, namely the bandwidth and roll-off factor, were studied both for the case of one and several filters.
Light mesons and phase structures in μ

B
-T-eB and μ

I
-T-eB spaces *
Authors: Li Luyang , Mao Shijun
Published: May 2022

Light mesons

are investigated in

and

spaces using a two-flavor NJL model and used to determine chiral symmetry restoration and the pion superfluid phase transition. In

space, during the chiral symmetry restoration process, the mass of the pseudo-Goldstone mode

increases, with sudden jumps. At the critical end point, the

meson exhibits a sharp but continuous mass increase, with a sudden mass jump at the Mott transition. In the nearby first order chiral phase transition region, we observe two

mass jumps, one induced by the Mott transition and the other by the quark mass jump. The mass of the Higgs mode σ first decreases and then increases with chiral symmetry restoration, only showing a jump at the first order chiral phase transition. We plot a chiral phase diagram in terms of the change in quark mass, the Mott transition of the pseudo-Goldstone mode

, and the minimum mass of the Higgs mode σ. Owing to explicit breaking of chiral symmetry in the physical case, the chiral restoration phase boundaries on the

plane from the order parameter side and meson side are different. The

and σ mass jumps will be helpful to the experimental search for the chiral phase diagram and critical end point. On the

plane, the competition between the pion superfluid phase transition and chiral symmetry restoration under magnetic fields is studied in terms of the Goldstone mode

and pseudo-Goldstone mode

. In contrast to the two mass jumps of

in the first order chiral phase transition region, the

meson displays several mass jumps in the chiral crossover region. At the critical end point,

also has sharp but continuous mass change, with a mass jump at the Mott transition. The isospin symmetry is strict, and the pion superfluid phase transition is uniquely determined by the massless Goldstone mode

. The separation of chiral restoration and the pion superfluid phase boundaries is enhanced by the external magnetic field.
Modeling and Simulation of Dual-Active-Bridge Based on PI Control
Authors: Ai Xiaorui , Zuo Dongsheng , Zhang Ye
Published: May 2022

Dual-active-bridge (DAB) is a DC/DC converter,which is commonly used in solid-state-transformer (SST) and electric vehicle (EV).In order to obtain the expected output voltage,the converter needs to be modeled and controlled.Firstly,the working modes in different time intervals of the switching cycle under single-phase-shift (SPS) modulation are analyzed,and the mathematical models of output voltage,current stress and phase-shifting duty cycle are constructed.Then,the simulation model is built on Simulink,and the PI controller is used for closed-loop voltage control,The accuracy of the mathematical model is verified.
Power transformer life analysis based on Lambert W function
Authors: Wang Jingyang , Fu Liyou
Published: May 2022

As the core equipment in many construction power fields, the reasonable life management of power transformer plays an important role in ensuring the safe production and economic benefits of the public and enterprises. Based on lambert-w function, the exact solution is obtained by calculating the total annual allocated cost. The variable values that may have errors in the function model are deeply analyzed. Combined with the inherent characteristics of power transformer, the factors affecting the economic life in the results are analyzed. The reliability of the method is verified by an example. Compared with the traditional tabular method, this method is convenient to further analyze the influencing factors and change laws of economic life. At the same time, through the analysis of specific problems, this method can also be used to study the economic life of other equipment. It has popularization value.
Apple sugar content non-destructive detection device based on near-infrared multi-characteristic wavelength
Authors: Liu Weihui , Han Yanan , Wang Na , Zhang Zhen , Wang Qingguo , Miao Yongping
Published: May 2022

Knowing the sugar content of apples in time and grading the internal quality of apples can meet the requirements of different consumers for apples. In this paper, Yantai Red Fuji apples are used as the research object, a low-cost and portable non-destructive testing device for apple sugar content is designed based on near-infrared detection technology. To realize the quantitative detection of apple sugar content, The relationship between the voltage value of diffuse reflection light and the sugar content of apples at multiple characteristic wavelengths is studied, and the multiple linear regression method is used to establish the apple sugar content prediction model. The correlation coefficient predicted by the model is 0.7708, and the minimum relative error is 0.89%. The experimental results show that within a certain error range, the device can realize fast and non-destructive detection of the sugar content of apples. This article provides a reference for the realization of a low-cost, portable non-destructive testing device for Apple.
Feature Analysis Method of Voltage Sag based on Sag Slope
Authors: Wang Lixun , Zhang Bin , Gao Peng , Zhang Jianchao , Chen Caiya
Published: May 2022

At present, most of the analysis of the amplitude and duration of the voltage sag is based on the probability distribution map of a large number of measured data, in order to solve this problem, a calculation method is proposed to transform the sag amplitude and duration into the sag slope and sag amplitude time, which can quantitatively express the tilt degree of the voltage sag waveform and the persistence at the lowest amplitude. After analyzing the simulation waveforms of short circuit fault and transformer excitation by slope calculation method, the values of sag slope and sag amplitude time obtained are more perfect than the original sag amplitude and duration description, which is beneficial to the follow-up study of voltage sag.
Research on Power Quality Prediction Based on BiLSTM Optimized by Bayesian Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Wenhui , Wang Baohua , Wang Dafei , Yu Jiacheng , Zhang Chi
Published: May 2022

The steady-state indexes of power quality are obviously nonlinear and non-stationary under the influence of many factors, leading to the existing algorithms not to achieve high-precision prediction for power quality. Considering the excellent performance of Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory model in time series analysis and the outstanding advantages of Bayesian algorithm in global optimization, a prediction model for power quality based on BiLSTM optimized by Bayesian is proposed. The actual data of power quality are used to test the performance of the model, and the results show that the proposed prediction model has higher accuracy and better applicability.
Investigation on the Critical Wind Speed of Instability Failure of UHV Transmission Tower-line Coupling System under Typhoon
Authors: Li Tao , Zheng Lei , Feng Zhihui , Li Jian
Published: May 2022

Wind is one of the most destructive external loads of transmission lines, and typhoon-caused severe damage or even destruction of electric power facilities occurred frequently. In order to research the critical wind speed of instability failure of UHV transmission tower-line coupling system under typhoon, the UHV transmission line in Zhejiang is chosen as the research subject and a finite element model of the UHV tower-line coupling system is established. By using the improved generalized force calculation method, the dynamic response of the transmission tower is converted to the static response. Then the LRC method is used to calculate the equivalent static wind load of the tower and obtains the wind response of the UHV transmission tower-line coupling system. The results show that under the typhoon wind field, the component at the junction of the tower head and the body first reaches the supercritical state. Specifically, when the wind speed at 10-meters height reaches 31m/s, the profile component of the tower head will be damaged. With the increase of wind speed, the damaged area of the tower head also expends. When the wind speed at 10-meters height reaches 37m/s, the main load-bearing component of the tower head-body junction will lose its stability, which will directly threaten the safety of the transmission tower.
Estimation methods for States of Charge and Health of Lithium-ion battery
Authors: Yi Zhenxiao , Zhao Zhenhua , Li Lingjun , Wang Honghong , Wu Hongtao , Wang Kai
Published: May 2022

A battery energy storage system is one of the practical and effective ways to achieve carbon neutrality. Lithium-ion batteries are widely used because of their long cycle life, high energy density, high rated voltage, and low self-discharge rate, etc. Their large-scale application has put forward higher requirements for the battery management system (BMS) to ensure the reliable operation of batteries. However, due to the electrochemical reactions and complex operating conditions inside the battery, it is difficult to accurately assess the internal state of the battery. The state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) are two important parameters in the battery management system. This paper systematically summarizes the current commonly used SOC and SOH estimation methods and analyzes the characteristics of each method. The problems and future research trends of battery SOC and SOH estimation techniques are also described, which are expected to provide a reference for further research in this field.
A Compact 60GHz Power Amplifier in 65nm CMOS Technology
Authors: Liu Ling , Ye Song , Wang Weimin , Ma Wenying
Published: May 2022

A compact 60GHz power amplifier chip in 65nm CMOS technology of three-stage common source structure is presented. The first two amplifiers offer sufficient gain to pre-amplify the small input power. The third stage amplifier uses two sets of differential pairs to achieve power synthesis. On-chip transformer coupling is adopted to realize inter-stage impedance matching as well as input and output matching. The compact structure of on-chip transformer can reduce the chip size and improve the integration degree. The measured small signal gain at 60GHz of 22.3dB, the saturation power of 20.2dBm, the output P-1dB of 17.3dBm, the PAE of 14%, and the core area is 0.19mm2. The power amplifier can be used in high-speed short-range wireless communication system to enhance communication data transmission capacity.
Non-intrusive Load Monitoring Based on Self-attention
Authors: Gan Tuanjie , Chen Yongchang , Zhang Yan , Cheng Cong , Huang Min , Li Zhong
Published: May 2022

Non-intrusive load monitoring is an important means to monitor the power consumption of end-user equipment in real time and timely. At present, there are still some problems in non-invasive load identification, such as the analysis of feature quantity is not detailed enough, the subjectivity of feature selection is strong, and the effect of identification algorithm is not good because it does not fully consider the information expression difference of feature quantity. In order to mine local features and the advantage of the latter in capturing the global relationship between sequence elements, a deep self-attention network method based on self-attention calculation is proposed. The research shows that this method has higher accuracy in solving the problem of load decomposition, and the training speed is faster than the traditional deep learning method. It performs well in the power decomposition of continuous variable state equipment and multi state equipment.
Experimental Study on the Efficiency of RF Energy Transfer System
Authors: Guo Jing , Lu Dongkun , Zheng Weige
Published: May 2022

This paper presents a 915 MHz radio frequency (RF) wireless energy transfer system which contains RF energy transmitters and RF energy harvesting nodes. Firstly, Advanced Design System (ADS) is used to design and optimize the monopole voltage doubler rectifier circuit. Secondly, an energy harvesting node is designed by a commercial RF/DC rectifier and a 915 MHz antenna. Finally, the RF energy transfer experiment between RF energy transmitter and RF energy harvesting node is demonstrated. Experimental data fits well with theoretical analysis and the harvested energy show a non-linear relationship with the distance and angle between the receiving node antenna and the transmitter antenna. The experimental data is valuable for designing RF-powered nodes and optimizing the movement trajectory of the mobile RF energy transmitter, such as an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV).
Interference-Avoid Based Spectrum Sharing Approach for Loosely-Coupled Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: Qiu Zheng , Zhang Luyong
Published: May 2022

Cognitive radio (CR) network is a promising technology to solve the problem of spectrum scarcity arising from the growth of usage of wireless networks and mobile services. CR networks can find idle channels and access them opportunistically with spectrum sensing technology. In this paper, resource allocation with sensing-based interference recording is considered for several loosely-coupled cognitive radio networks, in which the base station controls the end-users’ (EUs) transmission by making channel allocation strategies based on recorded interference information. We proposed a method to record this information and an allocation strategy with low computational complexity, to increase the capacity of tasks with fixed data size in the system. Numerical results show the effectiveness of our model for recording the statistical behaviour of the cognitive network interference and allocating channels for higher system capacity.
Few Shot Object Detection for Tangka Seats Based on Deformable Convolution
Authors: Xue Panpan , Hu Wenjin , He Guoyuan
Published: May 2022

According to deformable target sizes in the detection for Thangka Seats, an optimized few shot Thangka detection model is proposed. The deep residual network based on the deformable convolution is designed to extract the Thangka image features to decrease the missing detections rate. Experimental results show that the proposed method has better performance than the FSOD model on the Thangka dataset. The AP of 2-way 1-shot is 28.5 %, and the AP50 reaches 67.6 %, which increases by 4.7 % and 4.7 %, respectively.