bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Depression and Physical Illnesses: an Update
Authors: Mohit MA , Maruf MM , Ahmed H , Alam MT
Published: February 2012

Many chronic illnesses have a strong effect on an individual's mental and emotional status, and, in turn, undiagnosed mental disorders can affect a person's ability to cope with an illness and participate in the treatment and recovery process. Depression is the most common complication of almost all chronic or serious medical conditions. Major depression among persons experiencing chronic medical conditions like cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, respiratory diseases, obesity, cancer etc. increases the burden of their physical illness and somatic symptoms, causing increased functional impairment along with increased medical costs. Depression in long-term illnesses impairs ability for self -care and for maintenance of treatment regimens thus causing increased mortality. Yet, effective treatments, for depression exist. Many factors point to reasons that mental illnesses are not adequately addressed as evidenced by the literatures. Primary care services need to improve ways of identifying depression associated with particular chronic illnesses. we must develop new ways to understand the extent of this mental health problem, and optimal ways to evaluate manage and treat depression in patients with other co-morbid medical conditions. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v40i1.9966 BMJ 2011; 40(1): 53-58
The Nobel Prize
Authors: Editor The
Published: February 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v40i1.9967 BMJ 2011; 40(1): 59-61
Phage Display Approaches for the Isolation of Monoclonal Antibodies Against Dengue Virus Envelope Domain III from Human and Mouse Derived Libraries
Authors: Moreland Nicole J. , Susanto Patricia , Lim Elfin , Tay Moon Y. F. , Rajamanonmani Ravikumar , Hanson Brendon J. , Vasudevan Subhash G.
Published: February 2012

Domain III of the dengue virus envelope protein (EDIII, aa295-395) has an immunoglobulin fold and is the proposed receptor-binding domain of the virus. Previous studies have shown that monoclonal antibodies against EDIII can be neutralizing and have therapeutic potential. Here, cloned Fab-phage libraries of human and mouse origin were screened for DENV specific antibodies. Firstly, bacterially expressed EDIII or whole virus particles were used as bait in biopanning against a large naïve human Fab-phage library ( > 10 billion independent clones). Multiple panning strategies were employed, and in excess of 1000 clones were screened, but all of the antibodies identified bound the envelope in regions outside EDIII suggesting EDIII antibodies are virtually absent from the naïve human repertoire. Next, a chimeric Fab-phage library was constructed from a panel of EDIII specific mouse hybridomas by pooling the VH and VL chain sequences from the hybridomas and cloning these into the pComb3X phagemid vector with human CH and CL encoding sequences. Biopanning against EDIII identified a unique antibody (C9) that cross-reacts with EDIII from DENV1-3 and, in the IgG format, binds and neutralizes DENV2 in cell-based assays. Sequence analysis and saturation mutagenesis of complementary determining regions (CDR) in the C9 light chain suggest an antigen recognition model in which the LCDR3 is a key determinant of EDIII specificity, while modifications in LCDR1 and LCDR2 affect DENV serotype cross-reactivity. Overall, this study supports the current prevailing opinion that neutralizing anti-EDIII monoclonal antibodies can be readily generated in murine systems, but in humans the anti-DENV immune response is directed away from domain III.
Canonical Modeling of the Multi-Scale Regulation of the Heat Stress Response in Yeast
Authors: Fonseca Luis L. , Chen Po-Wei , Voit Eberhard O.
Published: February 2012

Heat is one of the most fundamental and ancient environmental stresses, and response mechanisms are found in prokaryotes and shared among most eukaryotes. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the heat stress response involves coordinated changes at all biological levels, from gene expression to protein and metabolite abundances, and to temporary adjustments in physiology. Due to its integrative multi-level-multi-scale nature, heat adaptation constitutes a complex dynamic process, which has forced most experimental and modeling analyses in the past to focus on just one or a few of its aspects. Here we review the basic components of the heat stress response in yeast and outline what has been done, and what needs to be done, to merge the available information into computational structures that permit comprehensive diagnostics, interrogation, and interpretation. We illustrate the process in particular with the coordination of two metabolic responses, namely the dramatic accumulation of the protective disaccharide trehalose and the substantial change in the profile of sphingolipids, which in turn affect gene expression. The proposed methods primarily use differential equations in the canonical modeling framework of Biochemical Systems Theory (BST), which permits the relatively easy construction of coarse, initial models even in systems that are incompletely characterized.
Fits and Misfits in Organic Matrix Analyses: Case of the Soluble Matrices of the Nacreous Layer of Pinctada margaritifera (Mollusca)
Authors: Dauphin Yannicke , Nouet Julius
Published: February 2012

Mollusk shells, especially the nacre, are of commercial interest as well as palaeoenvironmental proxies. They are also investigated as biomaterials for medical purposes and biomimetics. Although the mineralogy is well-known and unique (aragonite tablets), the organic components are various. However, determination of the precise composition of the soluble organic matrix (SOM) of the nacreous layer is difficult. Among the range of possible techniques, 1D electrophoresis and High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) have previously been applied separately to differentiate pI and molecular weights. To date, no clear correlation has been established between the two parameters obtained in such conditions. Here, we report the use of preparative electrophoresis, coupled with HPLC, to determine the molecular weights of the pI fractions. The results are compared with 2D gel electrophoresis. It is shown that both methods have drawbacks and advantages, and are not redundant. The complexity of the composition of the nacreous tablet shown by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) observations is also evidenced by electrophoresis and HPLC.
Fabrication and Packaging of Flexible Polymeric Microantennae for in Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Couty Magdalèna , Woytasik Marion , Ginefri Jean-Christophe , Rubin Anne , Martincic Emile , Poirier-Quinot Marie , Darrasse Luc , Boumezbeur Fawzi , Lethimonnier Franck , Tatoulian Michael , Dufour-Gergam Elisabeth
Published: February 2012

In this paper, we detail how microantennae dedicated to Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can benefit from the advantages offered by polymer substrates, especially flexibility and dielectric properties. We present a monolithic and wireless design based on the transmission lines between conductor windings on both sides of a dielectric substrate and its fabrication process. This last one requires specific plasma treatments to improve polymer/metal adhesion. We have led a comparative study on the effects of the ageing time on the wettability and the metal adhesion to Kapton and Teflon surfaces. Correlation between wettability (water contact angle) and adhesion (tensile strength) has been established. Then, the use of PolyDiMethylSiloxane (PDMS) as biocompatible packaging material and the optimization of its thickness allows us to conserve suitable f0 and Q values in a conducting environment such as the biological tissues. These studies allow us to perform 7 Tesla in vivo MRI of the rat brain with a high spatial resolution of 100 x 100 x 200 µm3 and a Signal to Noise Ratio of 80.
Investigation of the Carbon Monoxide Gas Sensing Characteristics of Tin Oxide Mixed Cerium Oxide Thin Films
Authors: Durrani Sardar M. A. , Al-Kuhaili Mohammad F. , Bakhtiari Imran A. , Haider Muhammad B.
Published: February 2012

Thin films of tin oxide mixed cerium oxide were grown on unheated substrates by physical vapor deposition. The films were annealed in air at 500 °C for two hours, and were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and optical spectrophotometry. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy results reveal that the films were highly porous and porosity of our films was found to be in the range of 11.6–21.7%. The films were investigated for the detection of carbon monoxide, and were found to be highly sensitive. We found that 430 °C was the optimum operating temperature for sensing CO gas at concentrations as low as 5 ppm. Our sensors exhibited fast response and recovery times of 26 s and 30 s, respectively.
Bilateral angular carpal deformity in a dog with craniomandibular osteopathy
Authors: Fox R. , Comerford E. J. , Newitt A. , Pettitt R.
Published: February 2012

A four-month-old West Highland White Terrier was presented to the Small Animal Teaching Hospital at the University of Liverpool with the complaint of a bilateral angular carpal deformity. A 20° valgus deformity was present in both thoracic limbs, centred on the distal radial physes. Both distal ulnas were grossly thickened and there was concomitant thickening of the rostral mandible and calvarium. The dog exhibited signs of resentment on palpation of the mandible and signs of pain were elicited on flexion and extension of both elbow joints. No signs of pain were evident on palpation of the ulnas or calvarium. Radiographic images of both ulnas showed marked amorphous periosteal new bone formation. The distal ulnar physes were closed centrally and both elbow joints had humeroulnar subluxation. Radiographic changes to the calvarium and mandibular rami were consistent with a diagnosis of craniomandibular osteopathy. A bilateral ulna ostectomy was performed to correct the angular limb deformity and elbow subluxations. Histology of the ostectomised pieces showed changes consistent with craniomandibular osteopathy.
Diver Characteristics, Motivations, and Attitudes: Chuuk Lagoon
Authors: Edney Joanne
Published: February 2012

This study sought to gain an insight into the sociodemographic characteristics, motivations, and attitudes of divers to Chuuk Lagoon (Federated States of Micronesia). It did this by conducting a survey of divers participating in dive trips on a live aboard vessel at Chuuk Lagoon and
supporting and enriching this data with in-depth interviews. Divers were primarily motivated to see historically significant shipwrecks, artifacts, marine life, penetrate wrecks, and to enjoy the peace and tranquility of the underwater environment. The interviews with wreck divers supported
these findings and emphasized the importance of the historical aspect of wreck diving: notably seeing history and the human dimension of wrecks. Management controls over wrecks, such as penalties, permits, and dive guides, were generally supported.
Exploring Place Attachment: An Underwater Perspective
Authors: Moskwa Emily C.
Published: February 2012

Local residents and tourists alike are bound to landscapes through a sense of place. These place attachments are widely reported to generate responses to environmental practices and a sense of stewardship. Using an online questionnaire, this study surveyed 178 scuba divers in South Australia to consider the construct of place attachment from an underwater perspective. Results revealed local divers had higher place identity attachments than visitors, indicating stronger emotional and affective bonds to dive sites. However, it was the visiting divers who recorded higher place dependence attachments, indicating stronger connections to the instrumental qualities of the dive sites when compared to other places.
Resource Attributes That Contribute to Nonresident Diver Satisfaction in the Florida Keys, Usa
Authors: Paterson Shona , Young Sarah , Loomis David K. , Obenour William
Published: February 2012

Scuba diving is a popular form of marine-based tourism contributing over $1 billion annually to the tourism industry in the Florida Keys. This research explores diver characteristics, how segmentation into meaningful subgroups can be achieved, and how various factors affect satisfaction.
Data were collected from nonresident divers and a 10-item index was created based on respondents' satisfaction. Discrepancy was calculated using the same items, and a specialization index was used to subgroup the respondents. Data were analyzed using step-wise regression. Results revealed
that discrepancies for individual items contributed to satisfaction, which differed according to specialization level. This suggests that satisfaction is related to both discrepancies between expectations and experiences, and specialization level, providing avenues for strategic marketing
and management.
Scuba Diving and Marine Conservation: Collaboration at two Australian Subtropical Destinations
Authors: Hammerton Zan , Dimmock Kay , Hahn Christine , Dalton Steven J. , Smith Stephen D. A.
Published: February 2012

Divers are increasingly becoming involved in marine conservation, often doing so as part of their recreational activities. Two New South Wales (NSW) volunteer underwater conservation groups [Solitary Islands Underwater research Group Inc. (SURG) and Byron Underwater research Groups (BURG)] were studied to characterize members' motivations to assist with conservation in subtropical/temperate marine environments. The collaboration between private and government organizations at two dive destinations was explored to reveal implications towards marine conservation outcomes. Primary motivations to engage in marine conservation programs were a desire to contribute to environmental conservation and to increase personal knowledge and diving skill-base. The volunteer work of these two underwater research groups builds on existing monitoring programs within local marine protected areas with benefits possible through collaboration at each diving destination.
L'exportation du « développement territorial » vers le Maghreb : du transfert à la capitalisation des expériences
Authors: Landel Pierre-Antoine
Published: February 2012

Résumé Depuis plus de dix ans, la France développe des actions de coopération avec les pays du Maghreb dans le champ du développement territorial. La construction de ressources territoriales y serait, là comme ailleurs, un mode d’adaptation des économies aux conséquences de la mondialisation. La description des contextes des transferts et l’analyse de leur contenu permettent d’interroger le concept de projet de territoire et sa transférabilité. Celle-ci est fortement limitée par la faiblesse du processus de décentralisation mise en œuvre dans ces pays, et pose la question de l’autonomie territoriale comme condition à la révélation puis au développement de ressources spécifiques. Face à ces difficultés, le processus de capitalisation des pratiques et de l’expérience permettrait d’apporter des réponses au travers de la construction de connaissances territorialisées. Cela nécessiterait de profondes modifications dans la conception puis la mise en œuvre des actions de coopération.
Changements climatiques et migrations : quels risques, quelles politiques ?
Authors: Piguet Étienne , Pécoud Antoine , de Guchteneire Paul
Published: February 2012

Résumé Cet article propose un tour d’horizon des débats relatifs aux conséquences migratoires du changement climatique. Après un bref historique, nous examinons l’impact sur les migrations des trois principaux facteurs environnementaux liés aux changements climatiques (cyclones tropicaux, fortes pluies et inondations ; sécheresses et désertification ; élévation du niveau de la mer). Les questions fondamentales que soulève la relation entre changement climatique et migration sont ensuite abordées : la multicausalité des dynamiques migratoires, les déterminants sociaux de la vulnérabilité, la diversité des types de migration et la méthodologie. Les implications politiques sont ensuite discutées, ce qui amène à aborder le cadre juridique des migrations environnementales et la responsabilité des États. La dernière section traite des orientations futures envisageables aux plans analytique et normatif.
Habiter la mobilité : le train comme terrain de réflexion
Authors: Frétigny Jean-Baptiste
Published: February 2012

Résumé Pour saisir la recomposition des territoires sous l’effet de la mobilité, cet article propose d’étudier l’habiter à micro-échelle des espaces de transport. À travers l’exemple de l’espace du train, il s’agit d’interroger la territorialité labile de ces espaces du déplacement en confrontant diverses conceptions du lieu à un travail d’enquête mené sur le cas italien. L’analyse des matériaux rassemblés montre que mobilité et habiter s’articulent dans une lutte des places et une cohabitation des passagers aux modalités originales, faisant de ces interstices mobiles des lieux de réinvention de l’urbanité.
Bathymetric distribution and growth rates of Eunicella verrucosa (Cnidaria: Gorgoniidae) populationsalong the Marseilles coast (France)
Authors: Sartoretto Stéphane , Francour Patrice
Published: February 2012

Gorgonians are important organisms in the Mediterranean Sea, where they form rocky benthic communities. Four main species (3 Holaxonia and 1 Scleraxonia) are predominant in infra- and circalittoral communities of the northwestern Mediterranean basin. Other species, such as Eunicella verrucosa (Pallas, 1766), are more rarely encountered. The expansion to unusually shallow bathymetric levels has been noted in the region of Marseilles (France) (between 20 and 40 m depth). A ten-year monitoring of colonies was used to assess the growth rate according to age (size): from 3.33 cm year–1 (height < 15 cm) to 0.62 cm year–1 (height > 40 cm).
A contribution to the understanding of phylogenetic relationships among species of the genus Octopus (Octopodidae: Cephalopoda)
Authors: Acosta-Jofré María Soledad , Sahade Ricardo , Laudien Jürgen , Chiappero Marina B.
Published: February 2012

Many species of the genus Octopus are important resources for fisheries worldwide. Its approximately 200 species show a strong similarity in structural morphology and a wide diversity in skin coloration and patterning, behaviour and life strategies that have hampered the study of phylogenetic relationships. We used a Bayesian approach to estimate as yet unknown phylogenetic relationships among O. tehuelchus from the southwestern Atlantic, new specimens of O. mimus (Chile and Peru) and other Octopus species, and used Bayes factors to test phylogenetic hypotheses. O. tehuelchus was more closely related to the genera Callistoctopus, Grimpella and Macroctopus than to Octopus, and therefore its generic placement may need a revision. O. vulgaris specimens from Costa Rica (Pacific Ocean) and O. oculifer grouped with O. mimus. Bayes factors showed positive evidence in favor of this grouping and therefore these individuals could have been misidentified, being in fact O. mimus. O. vulgaris specimens from the Costa Rican Caribbean were more related to O. mimus than to other O. vulgaris and could represent a cryptic species. The remaining O. vulgaris clustered with O. tetricus. Bayes factors found strong evidence against the monophyly of O. vulgaris as currently defined, giving statistical support to the monophyly of an O. vulgaris s. str. + O. tetricus group proposed previously by other authors.
Development of morphology and swimming in larvae of a coral-reef fish, the royal gramma, Gramma loreto (Grammatidae: Teleostei)
Authors: Leis Jeffrey M. , Bullock Suzanne , Duday Alain , Guion Charles , Galzin René
Published: February 2012

We used reared larvae of Gramma loreto sized 5.5 to 10.5 mm to study ontogeny of morphology and swim- ming. The larvae are slender to moderate in depth, with laterally compressed bodies, about 28 myomeres, a coiled gut that is not compact, extending to 50% to 60% of body length, an inconspicuous gas bladder, head spination limited to tiny preopercular spines, no pectoral-girdle spination, more spines than soft rays in the dorsal fin, and fins without elongate or early-forming elements. The limited pigment is most prominent along the base of the dorsal and anal fins. The development of critical speed (Ucrit) in G. loreto larvae was similar to that of other warm-water species, but speed ranged from 0.2 to 13.5 cm s-1 (mean 7.3, SE 0.7, body lengths s-1), which is relatively slow. Increase in speed with size was linear at 2.7 cm s-1 per mm increase in size. The actual and relative Ucrit of G. loreto were low, and only the four largest, fastest larvae would have been swimming in an inertial hydrodynamic environment. Therefore, for most of their pelagic larval duration the ability of G. loreto larvae to influence their dispersal by horizontal swimming is likely to be low compared with that of many other warm-water fish species.
A morphohistological and histochemical study of hatchery-reared European hake, Merluccius merluccius (Linnaeus, 1758), during the lecitho-exotrophic larval phase
Authors: Ortiz-Delgado Juan B. , Iglesias José , Sánchez Francisco J. , Cal Rosa , Lago M. Jesus , Otero Juan J. , Sarasquete Carmen
Published: February 2012

The larval development of reared European hake, Merluccius merluccius (Linnaeus, 1758), during the lecithotrophic phase, from hatching until 5 days post-hatching (dph), and throughout the endo-exotrophic feeding phase (6-10 dph) was studied by histology and histochemistry. Many crucial morphological, cellular and tissular changes were observed during both feeding phases, mostly those related to digestive and visual ontogenetic events, such as differentiation of buccopharyngeal cavity and eye development (at hatching); pigmentation and differentiation of cone-photoreceptors (4 dph); opening of the mouth and anus, appearance of intestinal valves (5-6 dph); presence of buccopharyngo-esophageal (5-6 dph) and intestinal (9 dph) mucous cells; folding of intestinal mucosa (6 dph); development of regional specific digestive musculature (6 dph); typical structure and functionality of the liver (sinusoids, biliary and pancreatic ducts, glycogen, protein and lipid reserves) (4-6 dph); and characteristic acinar distribution pattern of eosinophilic zymogen granules of the exocrine pancreas (6 dph). Between 9 and 10 dph, the hake larvae showed evident signs of lipid absorption within enterocytes of the anterior intestinal region and a remarkable process of pynocitosis and intracellular digestion was detected in the posterior intestine (supranuclear inclusions or acidophilic protein vesicles). In hake larvae at 10 dph, a proliferation of renal tubules, spleen differentiation and gill development, as well as the presence of the first thyroid follicle, were clearly distinguished. At this time, stomach gastric gland differentiation was not detected and endocrine pancreas and gill lamellae were not evidenced. However, and interestingly, swim bladder and eyes (developing rods) were well differentiated in larval development from 9 dph onwards. In summary, in European hake larval development during the endo-exogenous feeding phase and especially at 9 to 10 dph, most systems, organs and tissues were well differentiated. Particularly, digestive and visual systems were developed and physiologically functional some days before the start of the exogenous feeding phase.
Abundance patterns of early stages of the Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) during a cooling period in a coastal lagoon south of the California Current
Authors: Funes-Rodríguez René , Cervantes-Duarte Rafael , López-López Silverio , Hinojosa-Medina Alejandro , Zárate-Villafranco Alejandro , Esqueda-Escárcega Gabriela M.
Published: February 2012

Abundance patterns of eggs and larvae of the Pacific sardine, Sardinops sagax (Jenyns, 1842), in Bahía Magdalena, Baja California Sur, were analysed during a cooling period south of the California Current from 2005 to 2009. The thermohaline characteristics and zooplankton abundance were good descriptors of the potential spawning habitat. Individual quotient analyses showed a predominance of eggs and larvae within a SST range of 16 to 18°C, at low salinities (33.9-34.1) and at low density gradient variability (0.009-0.029), associated with deeper waters (25-40 m) near the main entrance, where the transparency was intermediate (6-8 m) and zooplankton abundance was relatively high ( > 316 ml/1000 m3). Increments within different class intervals meant that neither dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), phosphates nor chlorophyll a predominated. The large interannual fluctuations in sardine spawning activity and preferential temperatures observed in historical and recent data suggest that two sardine stocks spawn in Bahia Magdalena: one stock spawned in the period 1981-1989 and one stock spawned in the period 1997-2009. The influence of cooling and warming periods as additional components of the regional environmental framework is analysed and discussed.
Design of Control System for Welding Tractor Based on DSP
Authors: Yuan Zhong Hu , Wu Yong Qiang , Wang Jia Han
Published: February 2012

In order to realize the curve welding seam tracking of welding tractor, the welding tractor driven by two rear wheels is researched in this paper. The control system that a DSP controls two DC brushless motors is designed. It contains the whole system design, hardware circuit and software design. It is designed as a double closed loop system. Experimental results verified the feasibility of the whole system.
The Analysis of ATM Queuing Phenomenon on Campus
Authors: Song Na , Shang Zhi Qin
Published: February 2012

The article focused on the study of the ATM of Industrial and Commercial Bank in Qinhuangdao. To achieve the purposes of improving customers’ satisfaction and optimizing the allocation of resources, the article calculated some major quantity index including average queue length and waiting queue length, average waiting time and sojourn time as well as utilization rate of the system, analyzed ATM working efficiency of queuing system and gave some suggestions for improvement.
The Research on Fuzzy Apportionment of Pump Product Based on FMECA
Authors: Hou Ming Wei
Published: February 2012

Using the similar products’ FMECA conclusion, and structuring the products’ judgment matrix of each component and each risk assessment factor by applying T-FAHP method, then to determine the reliability index apportionment weights of each component taking designer’s demands, customer’s feedback and expert’s experience into consideration, it makes the conclusion agree with engineering practice. At last, the calculation of example proves the method is scientific and reasonable.
Research on Technical Measure for Rail Potential Reduction
Authors: Zhang Dong Liang
Published: February 2012

The super-high potentials of Metro rail will have a crucial influence on Metro’s safe operation, personal safety and the corrosion of underground metal structures. This paper analyzes the principle of the generation for rail potentials and the influencing factors of the high and low Metro potentials. Staring from the hazards of super-high potentials for Metro rail, the paper studies the established technical measures which focus on the super-high Metro potentials, puts forward the analytical approaches to the high and low potentials, summarizes three kinds of different decrement measures on the situation of the real-high potentials according to the different structures of Metro traction networks, and provides the reference on the decrement technology of Metro rail in China.
Energy Balancing Multipath Routing Protocol in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks
Authors: Sun En Yan , Shen Xuan Jing , Chen Hai Peng
Published: February 2012

A large amount of image and video streaming need to be transmitted in wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs), and a single path can not meet the requirement of image and video streaming transmission. Multipath routing protocol can increase transmission capability and be appropriate for WMSNs. TPGF is the first multipath routing protocol which is suitable for WMSNs. After TPGF is analyzed deeply, we propose an Energy Balancing Multipath Routing protocol (EBMR) which considers nodes' residual energy and the distance between the node and the sink. Compared to TPGF, EBMPR can more evenly consume nodes' energy and prolong the network lifetime. Simulation results show the advantage of EBMR.
Research on the Method of MAP Evaluating Based on BP Network
Authors: Yuan Yan , Gao Le
Published: February 2012

MAP is a effective measure of food conservation. How to determine the proportion of different gases filled is a problem, and BP Network is fit for nonlinear problem solving of this kind.In this paper, the defect of common MAP is discussed, the basic principle of BP Network is introduced. To resolve the problem of MAP evaluating, the parameters of MAP is analyzed, the process of evaluating is introduced. Based on BP Network, the model of MAP evaluating is set up and is proved by example. From the result, it is easily be concluded that this method is effectively and is adapt to all MAP evaluating and capable of afford basis for MAP.
Influence of Surface Texture Configuration and Depth on Tribological Performance of Hydrodynamic Journal Bearing
Authors: Wang Su Hua , Zheng Jian Hua , Wu Xin Yue
Published: February 2012

A finite-difference numerical model is used to study the influence of surface textures configuration and depth on lubrication performance of hydrodynamic journal bearing. Reynolds equation is adopted to calculate the bearing dimensionless load carrying capacity, friction force and friction coefficient under different eccentricity ratio, textures configuration and depth. Results show that partial texturing in the inlet zone with shallow dimples and in the cavitation zone with deep dimples could improve bearing performance appreciably. The effect of the textures on bearing tribological performance was influenced by the eccentricity ratio. The advantage of partial textures decreases when the eccentricity ratio increases.
Robust Tracking Time-Varying High-Frequency CW Telegraph Signal
Authors: Li Guo Jun , Zhou Xiao Na , Liu Nai Qian , Li Shao Hua
Published: February 2012

Continuous wave (CW) telegraph is a crucial communication means for high-frequency tactical communication. But there is serious frequency deviation and impulsive noise in High-frequency channel, thus the conventional tracking method based on Gaussian noise assumption may lose the track of time-varying CW signal. A new robust kalman filter-based tracker is proposed in this paper to extract the time-varying CW signal in presence of impulsive interference, which uses a nonlinear statistical model. Simulation studies show this method can dynamically track nonstationary CW signal and effectively suppress burst impulse noise.
The Layout of Strain Sensor Based on the Preanalysis Load Distribution
Authors: Lu Yi , Zheng Song Lin , Feng Jin Zhi , Zhao Li Hui
Published: February 2012

In this paper, the load distribution of the rear axle of a MPV is preanalyzed, by using the finite element analysis method, which obtains the contour and the strain tensor maps in the four working conditions of the rear axle: static load, braking, steering and torsion. By analyzing the contour and strain tensor maps, the key load locations and their main stress direction is identified. Through processing data of the calibration tests, the equations of linear regression between load and strain on the rear axle are determined.Comparing with the real 5vehicle road test results, the placement locations of the sensor on the rear axle, which is determined through the finite element analysis, are verified to be correct.
Analysis of the Multi-Tooth Meshing Effect of Three-Ring Gear Reducer
Authors: Li Yuan , Zhu Chen
Published: February 2012

Three-ring reducer is a type of epicyclic gear drive with small tooth number difference and internal gear. It is different from other gear transmission, that the load shearing factor of multi tooth contact is much smaller. On the basis of analyses of geometry, tooth deformation and manufacturing errors, a mathematical model which describes the state of multi tooth contact and the load distribution characteristics of tooth was developed. The multi- tooth meshing effect of the three- ring gear reducer is studied used the finite element method and ANSYS finite element software. While three- ring gear reducer is running, the number of teeth contacted simultaneously, their load distribution characteristics and the von Mises stress change are gained.
Existence of Nontrivial Positive Solutions to a Semilinear Elliptic System with Variable Coefficients
Authors: Sun Da Wei , Liu Jia Rui
Published: February 2012

This paper studies the nontrivial positive solutions to a semilinear elliptic system with variable coefficients in the n dimensional Euclide space. By constructing a new variational space and using some linking theorems, this paper finally proves the existence of positive solution to a semilinear elliptic system.
Design and Analysis of Rubber Core with PTFE Ring in Ram BOP
Authors: Fu Yu Kun , Han Chuan Jun , Wang Juan , Yi Yang
Published: February 2012

In order to enhance the sealing performance of rubber core in ram blowout preventer, this paper designed a new structure of the rubber core which embedded a half-PTFE ring in the central of rubber core based on the characteristics of failure mode on the contact surface. Through carrying out the experiment on the rubber under different temperature and pressure to determine the constitutive relation of the rubber core, this paper has established the 3D model of rubber core and drill pipe, accomplished the contact finite element analysis under 20MPa and compared with the general rubber core. The results show that in the contact surface between the new rubber core and the drill pipe, the whole rubber core is in stress concentration area, and the contact stress is bigger than the values of normal core with the drill pipe. When the well blowout occurred, it will have a greater sealing pressure between the PTFE ring and the drill pipe, which plays a greater role in blowout control. For the small friction coefficient between PTFE ring and drill pipe, the scuffing is reduced from the drill pipe and the service life of rubber core is extende
Improved Ant Colony Algorithm Base on Slab Cluster for Roll Planning
Authors: Liang He Lan , Zhang Jie , Hu Bo
Published: February 2012

Focusing on the disadvantages of recent researches for roll planning that seldom consider the warm-up part and solution efficiency is low, in this paper, a parallel planning model and an improved ant colony algorithm were proposed to solve the problem. Firstly, the model considering constraints of both warm-up part and staple one was designed; Secondly, the improved ant colony algorithm was proposed where the slab cluster was used to decrease the searching scope and the local optimization to improve the efficiency of pheromone accumulation. Finally, with production data from hot strip mill, we proof the method can get the best results by comparing with other two ant colony algorithms.
Dual Video Watermarking Scheme Based on Transform Domain
Authors: Gao Zhan Wei , Zhang Yong Mei , Liu Cong , Geng Jie , Ba De Kai
Published: February 2012

The single watermark algorithms always merely have single function. In order to overcome the drawback, this paper proposed a dual video watermarking scheme based on transform domain. To implement the video copyright and integrality authentication, this paper embedded robust watermarking and fragile watermark. At the same time, this scheme made good use of the wavelet transform to embed the two different kinds of watermarking in the same video respectively. The fragile watermarking is to serve the robust watermarking. Experiments demonstrate this scheme can not only protect the copyright of the video effectively, but also protect against some attacks, such as shearing attack, JPEG lossy compression attack, noise attack etc. This scheme has better robustness and invisibility.
The Control of Humidification and Dew Condensation by Using of On/Off Control of the Bubble Humidifier in the PEMFC
Authors: Jung Young Guan , Choi Ho Sang , Kim Du Hee , Park Dae Heum
Published: February 2012

The performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is known to be influenced by different operating conditions such as temperature, pressure, and humidification of the reactant gases. Especially, the humidification is essential for the electrolysis and performance enhancement of PEMFC, because the proton conductivity depends on the hydration of proton exchange membrane. In this study, the humidification experiment has been done concerning ON/OFF control of the humidification for PEMFC, by using of the bubble humidifiers which are usually difficult to approximation control the humidity. Also, in order to verify the dew condensation, the visualization experiment has been done at a flow channel of PEMFC stack. As the results, it is possible to approximation control the humidity by using of the solenoid on/off valve in the bubble humidifier. The dew condensation is also verified through such experiment. The problems, such as the approximation control of humidity and dew condensation, were then resolved in such a useful manner.
Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis Research
Authors: Yuan Zhong Hu , Su Yang , Qi Xiao Xuan
Published: February 2012

According to the characteristics of the rolling bearing fault, we make the research on fault diagnosis. Time domain signal can not perform the fault feature information well. The power spectrum changes the time domain signals into the frequency signals. It sets up the new data model. It uses the principal component analysis on fault diagnosis. It uses T square statistics and Q statistics methods to make fault diagnosis. Simulation experiment results demonstrate that this method provides a high recognition rate.
Influence of Multimedia Communication Materials on the Students' Sports Motivation
Authors: Liu Ming Chang
Published: February 2012

Through adopting many research methods, such as literature, experimentation, questionnairesand mathematical statistics method, this study explores the effect of sports multimedia teaching on stimulating the college students’ sports motivation, makes comparison between multimedia teaching and traditional teaching in the EC course teaching, and makes use of sports motivation scale to make measurement. The research result shows that the sports motivation level of the students in the experimental class who are adopted multimedia teaching method to teach is significantly improved, and has significant difference with the control group who are adopted the traditional teaching approach. In physical education, the adoption of multi-media teaching can motivate and improve the sports motivation of the students, so the multimedia communication materials should be promoted in physical education.
Study on O2 Plasma Surface Modification of Aramid Fiber III
Authors: Ji Jia You , Huang Zhi Xiong , Su Qi , Chen Zhuo
Published: February 2012

The influence of low temperature plasma treatment on the interfacial performance of aramid fiber was studied. SEM and XPS were used to investigate the surface morphology and the chemical elements of the fiber before and after plasma treatment. The etching degree of the surface of aramid fiber was determined by wettability experiments and tensile/bending measurements before and after low temperature plasma treatment. The result showed that under the condition of 200W/10min/10Pa, the etching effect of the surface of aramid fiber was optimal.The wettability of fiber obviously improved and the bending intensity increased by about 30%.but the tensile performance of aramid fiber did not change much.
LURR as a Grid Service
Authors: Liang Feng , Guo Hao Ming , Yi Sheng Wei , Ma Shi Long
Published: February 2012

Load-Unload Response Ratio (LURR) is one of the parallel applications for seismological analysis and requires large amount of computation resources for simulation. In order to accelerate the LURR calculation and optimize the resource allocation, this paper presents a REST style Web Service LURR-Grid. Based on Globus Toolkit, AIS and MyProxy, LURR-Grid is able to accept LURR job request and conduct LURR calculation tasks on Grid Resources. Using MDS in Globus for resources and GRAM5 for job execution engine, LURR-Grid schedule the task using the SED algorithm. The Experiments proves the LURR-Grid is scalable and efficient in resource allocation.
Squeal Analysis of a Disc Brake Considering Damping between a Disc and a Pad Lining
Authors: Zhou Ke Wei , Kim Cheol , Yun Min Ok , Kim Ju Young
Published: February 2012

The improved equations of motion for a friction-engaged brake system have been newly derived on the basis of the assumed mode method and frictional damping. The equations of motion with a finite element model were constructed by a set of vibration modes found from FE modal analysis on all system components. Consequently, the modal information of system components are combined with equations of motion derived from the analytical model. Numerical analysis showed the mode which was unstable in an undamped case became stable in a damped case.
Human Face Fast-3D-Reconstruction from a Single Image
Authors: Zhao Hui Huang , Wang Yao Nan , Sun Ya Qi , Chen Jian Zhen
Published: February 2012

Human face three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction is a challenging problem. In this paper, we propose a human face fast- 3D- reconstruction method based on image processing with a single image. Shape from shading (SFS) is chosen to reconstruct the human face. First, SFS theory is introduced. It has the advantage of fast 3D reconstruction and only need a single image. Secondly, because the noise will affect the 3D reconstruction result greatly, wavelet transform and wavelet packet transform are introduced and used in image denoising respectively. The experiment has shown that the method based on wavelet transform produces the best denoising result than wavelet packet transform. At last, a human face 3D reconstruction algorithm based on a single image is proposed. The experimental results show that a human face 3D model can be reconstructed in fast by proposed algorithm.
Green Residential Community Domestic Sewage Treatment and Recycling Analysis
Authors: Jia Ren Fu , Zhang Jiong , Song Dan Li , Fang Shi Biao
Published: February 2012

The accelerate of urbanization process in our country, because of the raising of water consumption, causing the urban domestic sewage increases, the rate of urban domestic sewage tackle is barely 57.4% in 2008. Using the experience of international domestic sewage tackle as a resource of reference, considering the residential community domestic sewage dispersion tackle is a effective way, and analysing the water quantity balance, tackle technics choose and economical efficiency combined with engineering project, finally to table a proposal for the residential community domestic sewage tackle and recycling .
Electromagnetic Design of a Novel DC Lorentz Motor for Micromanipulation
Authors: Qin Xin Yan
Published: February 2012

In this paper, an electromagnetic design method for a novel DC Lorentz Motor for micromanipulation is described. To optimize permanent magnet (PM) array and minimize the magnetic field coupling among PMs, the distribution of magnetic field and the fluctuation of Lorentz force are obtained by the 3D finite-element method (FEM). Through the electromagnetic analysis, an optimized distribution and shape of PMs are found. Finally, the optimized DC Lorentz motor is manufactured. These simulation results are verified by those of the experiment results, which presents the finite element model and simulation results are reasonable.
Investigation of the Accuracy of the Numerical Manifold Method on n-Sided Regular Elements for Crack Problems
Authors: Zhang Hui Hua , Yan Jia Xiang
Published: February 2012

The numerical manifold method (NMM) is a representative among different numerical methods for crack problems. Due to the independence of physical domain and the mathematical cover system, totally regular mathematical elements can be used in the NMM. In the present paper, the NMM is applied to solve 2-D linear elastic crack problems, together with the comparison study on the accuracy of n-sided regular mathematical elements, i.e., the triangular elements (n=3), the quadrilateral elements (n=4) and the hexagonal elements (n=6). Our numerical results show that among different elements, the regular hexagonal element is the best and the quadrilateral element is better than the triangular one.
Improvement of Computational Translation by Using Entropy Theory
Authors: Suo Juan Juan , Yu Bao Ying , He Yue Juan
Published: February 2012

In order to improve the accuracy of the computational translation, an effective tool---the cross entropy was proposed. After the analysis of the reasons of the low accuracy, the information entropy was introduced into the disambiguation. The practice of ambiguity elimination shows the method has high accuracy and this study provides an effective way to improve the computational translation.
Analysis of Fretting Crack Propagation Behavior with X-FEM Method
Authors: Li Wen , Liao Ri Dong , Liu Li Tao , Zuo Zheng Xing
Published: February 2012

Fretting fatigue cracks always initial at the tralling of contact region, because the stresses in the vicinity of the contact zone exhibit steep gradients. A fracture mechanics approach is usually used to estimate fretting fatigue propagation life. In this paper, extended finite element method combined with fracture mechanics is used to study fretting crack propagation behaviors. The computation results reveal that fretting crack nucleation is mainly decided by fretting, and the cycle bulk stress is the main reason for crack propagation. Also the X-FEM exhibits merits in fretting fatigue problem.
Experimental and Numerical Studies on the Reinforced Concrete Frames Subjected to Blast Loads
Authors: Xiao Li , Qu Wen Zhong , Wang Jian Gang
Published: February 2012

Terrorist bombing attacks will endanger and may even destroy the target building structures, resulting in economic loss and casualties. Typical columns and floor slab systems are not designed to resist the complex blast loading. So, in recent years, the effects of blast on conventional public buildings are focused on. In this paper,a two-bay,one-story reinforced concrete frame structure which is used to model a portion of a typical reinforced concrete frame structural system is used to investigate the blast response. The experiments are conducted on two models, allowing a variation in explosives standoff and explosives charge. In each experiment,the blast pressure values are recorded and the degree of damage of the frames are studied. According to the two kinds of experiments, two numerical models are established. ALE method which considers the interaction of the explosive, the air, and the structure is applied.Structure response analyses are performed using the large deformation finite-element computer code, LS-DYNA. The numerical results are compared with the experiment results, and a good agreement is obtained. The calculating results also demonstrate that some experimental value is unreasonable.