bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radiation-resistant metal-organic framework enables efficient separation of krypton fission gas from spent nuclear fuel
Authors: Elsaidi Sameh K. , Mohamed Mona H. , Helal Ahmed S. , Galanek Mitchell , Pham Tony , Suepaul Shanelle , Space Brian , Hopkinson David , Thallapally Praveen K. , Li Ju
Published: June 2020

Capture and storage of volatile radionuclides that result from processing of used nuclear fuel is a major challenge. Solid adsorbents, in particular ultra-microporous metal-organic frameworks, could be effective in capturing these volatile radionuclides, including 85Kr. However, metal-organic frameworks are found to have higher affinity for xenon than for krypton, and have comparable affinity for Kr and N2. Also, the adsorbent needs to have high radiation stability. To address these challenges, here we evaluate a series of ultra-microporous metal-organic frameworks, SIFSIX-3-M (M = Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, or Fe) for their capability in 85Kr separation and storage using a two-bed breakthrough method. These materials were found to have higher Kr/N2 selectivity than current benchmark materials, which leads to a notable decrease in the nuclear waste volume. The materials were systematically studied for gamma and beta irradiation stability, and SIFSIX-3-Cu is found to be the most radiation resistant.
Genetic breakdown of a Tet-off conditional lethality system for insect population control
Authors: Zhao Yang , Schetelig Marc F. , Handler Alfred M.
Published: June 2020

Genetically modified conditional lethal strains have been created to improve the control of insect pest populations damaging to human health and agriculture. However, understanding the potential for the genetic breakdown of lethality systems by rare spontaneous mutations, or selection for inherent suppressors, is critical since field release studies are in progress. This knowledge gap was addressed in a Drosophila tetracycline-suppressible embryonic lethality system by analyzing the frequency and structure of primary-site spontaneous mutations and second-site suppressors resulting in heritable survivors from 1.2 million zygotes. Here we report that F1 survivors due to primary-site deletions and indels occur at a 5.8 × 10−6 frequency, while survival due to second-site maternal-effect suppressors occur at a ~10−5 frequency. Survivors due to inherent lethal effector suppressors could result in a resistant field population, and we suggest that this risk may be mitigated by the use of dual redundant, albeit functionally unrelated, lethality systems.
EEG microstates are a candidate endophenotype for schizophrenia
Authors: da Cruz Janir Ramos , Favrod Ophélie , Roinishvili Maya , Chkonia Eka , Brand Andreas , Mohr Christine , Figueiredo Patrícia , Herzog Michael H.
Published: June 2020

Electroencephalogram microstates are recurrent scalp potential configurations that remain stable for around 90 ms. The dynamics of two of the four canonical classes of microstates, commonly labeled as C and D, have been suggested as a potential endophenotype for schizophrenia. For endophenotypes, unaffected relatives of patients must show abnormalities compared to controls. Here, we examined microstate dynamics in resting-state recordings of unaffected siblings of patients with schizophrenia, patients with schizophrenia, healthy controls, and patients with first episodes of psychosis (FEP). Patients with schizophrenia and their siblings showed increased presence of microstate class C and decreased presence of microstate class D compared to controls. No difference was found between FEP and chronic patients. Our findings suggest that the dynamics of microstate classes C and D are a candidate endophenotype for schizophrenia.
Author Correction: Dissociating task acquisition from expression during learning reveals latent knowledge
Authors: Kuchibhotla Kishore V. , Sten Tom Hindmarsh , Papadoyannis Eleni S. , Elnozahy Sarah , Fogelson Kelly A. , Kumar Rupesh , Boubenec Yves , Holland Peter C. , Ostojic Srdjan , Froemke Robert C.
Published: June 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Core Binding Factors are essential for ovulation, luteinization, and female fertility in mice
Authors: Lee-Thacker Somang , Jeon Hayce , Choi Yohan , Taniuchi Ichiro , Takarada Takeshi , Yoneda Yukio , Ko CheMyong , Jo Misung
Published: June 2020

Core Binding Factors (CBFs) are a small group of heterodimeric transcription factor complexes composed of DNA binding proteins, RUNXs, and a non-DNA binding protein, CBFB. The LH surge increases the expression of Runx1 and Runx2 in ovulatory follicles, while Cbfb is constitutively expressed. To investigate the physiological significance of CBFs, we generated a conditional mutant mouse model in which granulosa cell expression of Runx2 and Cbfb was deleted by the Esr2Cre. Female Cbfbflox/flox;Esr2cre/+;Runx2flox/flox mice were infertile; follicles developed to the preovulatory follicle stage but failed to ovulate. RNA-seq analysis of mutant mouse ovaries collected at 11 h post-hCG unveiled numerous CBFs-downstream genes that are associated with inflammation, matrix remodeling, wnt signaling, and steroid metabolism. Mutant mice also failed to develop corpora lutea, as evident by the lack of luteal marker gene expression, marked reduction of vascularization, and excessive apoptotic staining in unruptured poorly luteinized follicles, consistent with dramatic reduction of progesterone by 24 h after hCG administration. The present study provides in vivo evidence that CBFs act as essential transcriptional regulators of both ovulation and luteinization by regulating the expression of key genes that are involved in inflammation, matrix remodeling, cell differentiation, vascularization, and steroid metabolisms in mice.
Antitumor effect of a WEE1 inhibitor and potentiation of olaparib sensitivity by DNA damage response modulation in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Ha Dong-Hyeon , Min Ahrum , Kim Seongyeong , Jang Hyemin , Kim So Hyeon , Kim Hee-Jun , Ryu Han Suk , Ku Ja-Lok , Lee Kyung-Hun , Im Seock-Ah
Published: June 2020

Due to its regulation of CDK1/2 phosphorylation, WEE1 plays essentially roles in the regulations of G2/M checkpoint and DNA damage response (DDR). WEE1 inhibition can increase genomic instability by inducing replication stress and G2/M checkpoint inactivation, which result in increased cellular sensitivity to DNA damaging agents. We considered an increase in genomic instability induced by WEE1 inhibition might be used to augment the effects of drugs targeting DNA repair protein. Typically, PARP inhibitors are effective in germline BRCA 1/2 mutated breast and ovarian cancer, but their applicabilities in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are limited. This study was conducted to investigate the anti-tumor effects of the WEE1 inhibitor, AZD1775, and the mechanism responsible for its potentiation of sensitivity to olaparib (a PARP inhibitor) via the modulation of DDR in TNBC cells. Our results suggest that AZD1775 could be used to broaden the application range of olaparib in TNBC and provide a rationale for a clinical trial of combined olaparib and AZD1775 therapy.
Improved survival after treatments of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease associated hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Benhammou Jihane N. , Aby Elizabeth S. , Shirvanian Gayaneh , Manansala Kohlett , Hussain Shehnaz K. , Tong Myron J.
Published: June 2020

Worldwide, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has reached epidemic proportions and in parallel, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become one of the fastest growing cancers. Despite the rise in these disease entities, detailed long-term outcomes of large NAFLD-associated HCC cohorts are lacking. In this report, we compared the overall and recurrence-free survival rates of NAFLD HCC cases to patients with HBV and HCV-associated HCC cases. Distinguishing features of NAFLD-associated HCC patients in the cirrhosis and non-cirrhosis setting were also identified. We conducted a retrospective study of 125 NAFLD, 170 HBV and 159 HCV HCC patients, utilizing clinical, pathological and radiographic data. Multivariate regression models were used to study the overall and recurrence-free survival. The overall survival rates were significantly higher in the NAFLD-HCC cases compared to HBV-HCC (HR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.15–0.80) and HCV-HCC (HR = 0.37, 95% CI 0.17–0.77) cases. The NAFLD-HCC patients had a trend for higher recurrence-free survival rates compared to HBV and HCV-HCC cases. Within the NAFLD group, 18% did not have cirrhosis or advanced fibrosis; Hispanic ethnicity (OR = 12.34, 95% CI 2.59–58.82) and high BMI (OR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.07–1.33) were significantly associated with having cirrhosis. NAFLD-HCC cases were less likely to exhibit elevated serum AFP (p < 0.0001). After treatments, NAFLD-related HCC patients had longer overall but not recurrence-free survival rates compared to patients with viral-associated HCC. Non-Hispanic ethnicity and normal BMI differentiated non-cirrhosis versus cirrhosis NAFLD HCC. Further studies are warranted to identify additional biomarkers to stratify NAFLD patients without cirrhosis who are at risk for HCC.
Walls offer potential to improve urban biodiversity
Authors: Chen Chundi , Mao Longfei , Qiu Yonggui , Cui Jian , Wang Yuncai
Published: June 2020

Within urban environment with high-rise buildings and structures, walls represent the most common vertical spaces. Conventionally, such spaces are viewed as abiotic areas, where spontaneous flora is neglected. Through investigations in a typical mountainous city Chongqing, this study concerns the spontaneous species diversity on walls and the influences of wall factors and the adjacent environment. A total of 239 vascular plant species belonging to 172 genera and 75 families were found; 90% of the species are indigenous. More fern species inhabit walls, compared with xerophytes that dominate general urban environment. Variation partitioning indicated that wall attributes played a more important role in explaining the total variation in wall vegetation composition and structure than did the adjacent environment. Given that there are limited possibilities to extend more green space in urban land environment, we support a “let Nature take its course” approach to improve urban biodiversity, where vertical urban space with spontaneous flora can act as a valuable complement to biodiversity and ecosystem services in dense urban environment. This study should raise urban designers’ and ecosystem managers’ awareness of the possibilities of this type of informal, unconventional habitat as a “supplement” for urban greening and landscaping.
Backbone Interactions Between Transcriptional Activator ExsA and Anti-Activator ExsD Facilitate Regulation of the Type III Secretion System in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Shrestha Manisha , Bernhards Robert C. , Fu Yichen , Ryan Kylie , Schubot Florian D.
Published: June 2020

The type III secretion system (T3SS) is a pivotal virulence mechanism of many Gram-negative bacteria. During infection, the syringe-like T3SS injects cytotoxic proteins directly into the eukaryotic host cell cytoplasm. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, expression of the T3SS is regulated by a signaling cascade involving the proteins ExsA, ExsC, ExsD, and ExsE. The AraC-type transcription factor ExsA activates transcription of all T3SS-associated genes. Prior to host cell contact, ExsA is inhibited through direct binding of the anti-activator protein ExsD. Host cell contact triggers secretion of ExsE and sequestration of ExsD by ExsC to cause the release of ExsA. ExsA does not bind ExsD through the canonical ligand binding pocket of AraC-type proteins. Using site-directed mutagenesis and a specific in vitro transcription assay, we have now discovered that backbone interactions between the amino terminus of ExsD and the ExsA beta barrel constitute a pivotal part of the ExsD-ExsA interface. Follow-up bacterial two-hybrid experiments suggest additional contacts create an even larger protein–protein interface. The discovered role of the amino terminus of ExsD in ExsA binding explains how ExsC might relieve the ExsD-mediated inhibition of T3SS gene expression, because the same region of ExsD interacts with ExsC following host cell contact.
Evaluation of eye movements and visual performance in patients with cataract
Authors: Wan Yu , Yang Jiarui , Ren Xiaotong , Yu Zitong , Zhang Rong , Li Xuemin
Published: June 2020

Eye movement is an essential component of visual perception. Eye movement disorders have been observed in many eye disease, and are thought to affect various visual performance in daily life. However, eye movement behaviors of the elderly with cataract are poorly understood, and the impact of cataract surgery on eye movements has not been investigated. In this study, we observed the eye movement behaviors in thirty patients with bilateral age-related cataract while performing three performance-based tasks (visual search, face recognition and reading). Eye movements were automatically recorded by an eye tracker during task performance. We found an overall improved visual performance postoperatively, presented as elevated percentage of correctly identified objects and faces, reduced search time and increased reading speed. Eye movement parameters were found significantly altered after cataract surgery. Fixation count, total fixation duration and total visit duration were markedly increased in the visual search task and face recognition task. The proportion of regressive saccades was obviously decreased in the reading task. These eye movement parameters were found to be correlated with the measures of visual performance. Our findings suggested a potential association between the eye movement disturbance and impaired visual performance, and provided a new insight on the potential usefulness of eye movement as an objective and valid tool to understand visual impairments caused by cataract, as well as evaluate practical outcomes of cataract surgery.
Prediction of slope failure in open-pit mines using a novel hybrid artificial intelligence model based on decision tree and evolution algorithm
Authors: Bui Xuan-Nam , Nguyen Hoang , Choi Yosoon , Nguyen-Thoi Trung , Zhou Jian , Dou Jie
Published: June 2020

In this study, the objective was to develop a new and highly-accurate artificial intelligence model for slope failure prediction in open-pit mines. For this purpose, the M5Rules algorithm was combined with a genetic algorithm (GA) in a novel hybrid technique, named M5Rules–GA model, for slope stability estimation and analysis and 450-slope observations in an open-pit mine in Vietnam were modeled using the Geo-Studio software based on essential parameters. The factor of safety was used as the model outcome. Artificial neural networks (ANN), support vector regression (SVR), and previously introduced models (such as FFA-SVR, ANN-PSO, ANN-ICA, ANN-GA, and ANN-ABC) were also developed for evaluating the proposed M5Rules–GA model. The evaluation of the model performance involved applying and computing the determination coefficient, variance account for, and root mean square error, as well as a general ranking and color scale. The results confirmed that the proposed M5Rules–GA model is a robust tool for analyzing slope stability. The other investigated models yielded less robust performance under the evaluation metrics.
Highly efficient synchronization of sheep skin fibroblasts at G2/M phase and isolation of sheep Y chromosomes by flow cytometric sorting
Authors: Yao Yanzhu , Zhang Yuanyuan , Liu Wansheng , Deng Xuemei
Published: June 2020

At present, based on whole genome sequencing, sequences and genes annotation of the sheep (Ovis aries) Y chromosome are still absent. The isolation of Y chromosomes followed by sequencing has been approved as an effective approach to analyze this complex chromosome in other species. In this study, we established a highly efficient synchronization method for G2/M phase of sheep fibroblasts, which was successfully applied to flow-sorting chromosomes of sheep, with a focus on isolation and sequencing of the ovine Y chromosome. The isolated (~80,000) Y chromosomes were verified by fluorescence quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, further confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization, and amplified by the MALBAC method before next-generation sequencing. The sequence results indicated that 68.90% of reads were Y chromosome-related sequences as they are homologous to the bovine Y chromosome. The remaining 31.1% of reads were aligned to the sheep reference genome, including 13.57% reads to chromosome X and 6.68% to chromosome 17. Importantly, the paired-end reads that are properly aligned to the bovine Y sequence assembly accounted for 46.49%, indicating the success in the ovine Y chromosome isolation and the high quality of the Y chromosome sequences. This study not only set up a foundation for future sequencing, assembly and annotation of the ovine Y chromosome, but also provide a validated approach to overcoming difficulties in sequencing Y chromosome in other mammalian species.
Experimental device-independent certified randomness generation with an instrumental causal structure
Authors: Agresti Iris , Poderini Davide , Guerini Leonardo , Mancusi Michele , Carvacho Gonzalo , Aolita Leandro , Cavalcanti Daniel , Chaves Rafael , Sciarrino Fabio
Published: June 2020

The intrinsic random nature of quantum physics offers novel tools for the generation of random numbers, a central challenge for a plethora of fields. Bell non-local correlations obtained by measurements on entangled states allow for the generation of bit strings whose randomness is guaranteed in a device-independent manner, i.e. without assumptions on the measurement and state-generation devices. Here, we generate this strong form of certified randomness on a new platform: the so-called instrumental scenario, which is central to the field of causal inference. First, we theoretically show that certified random bits, private against general quantum adversaries, can be extracted exploiting device-independent quantum instrumental-inequality violations. Then, we experimentally implement the corresponding randomness-generation protocol using entangled photons and active feed-forward of information. Moreover, we show that, for low levels of noise, our protocol offers an advantage over the simplest Bell-nonlocality protocol based on the Clauser-Horn-Shimony-Holt inequality.
On-stream mineral identification of tailing slurries of tungstenviaNIR and XRF data fusion measurement techniques
Authors: Wang Qingya , Li Fusheng , Jiang Xiaoyu , Wu Shuangliang , Xu Muqiang
Published: June 2020

In this study, a data integration device fusing X-ray fluorescence and near-infrared spectroscopy enables on-stream and quantitative identification of slurry mineral contents.
Modified QuEChERS extraction for the analysis of young-of-year smallmouth bass using GC × GC-TOFMS
Authors: Teehan Paige , Schall Megan K. , Blazer Vicki S. , Gruber Beate , Dorman Frank L.
Published: June 2020

High throughput sample preparation and data analysis methodologies to detect targeted and non-targeted compounds in fish tissue.
Recent advances in the design of colorimetric sensors for environmental monitoring
Authors: Liu Bin , Zhuang Jinyin , Wei Gang
Published: June 2020

Colorimetric sensors fabricated via nanomaterials and nanotechnology exhibited promising applications in environmental science.
Doxorubicin-loaded fluorescent carbon dots with PEI passivation as a drug delivery system for cancer therapy
Authors: Hailing Yu , Xiufang Lv , Lili Wu , Baoqiang Li , Kaichen Huang , Yongquan Huang , Qianqian Zhang , Chaoming Mei , Xiaoshuai Ren , Rui Zhou , Hui Luo , Pengfei Pang , Hong Shan
Published: June 2020

CD-PEI-mediated doxorubicin specifically targets HCC tumors, enabling real-time monitoring and therapeutic efficacy through growth inhibition and apoptosis induction.
Monodisperse oligo(δ-valerolactones) and oligo(ε-caprolactones) with docosyl (C22) end-groups
Authors: Báez José E. , Shea Kenneth J. , Dennison Philip R. , Obregón-Herrera Armando , Bonilla-Cruz José
Published: June 2020

Two different families of monodisperse oligoesters with α-hydroxyl-ω-docosyl (C22) terminal groups [oligo(δ-valerolactone) and oligo(ϵ-caprolactone)] were isolated by flash column chromatography (FCC).
Deciphering the origin of million-fold reactivity observed for the open core diiron [HO–FeIII–O–FeIVO]2+species towards C–H bond activation: role of spin-states, spin-coupling, and spin-cooperation
Authors: Ansari Mursaleem , Senthilnathan Dhurairajan , Rajaraman Gopalan
Published: June 2020

Our results unequivocally reveal the importance of spin states, spin coupling and spin cooperation in controlling the reactivity in dinuclear Fe-oxo species.
Vertically aligned 2D carbon doped boron nitride nanofilms for photoelectrochemical water oxidation
Authors: Fang Yuanxing , Merenkov Ivan S. , Li Xiaochun , Xu Junkang , Lin Sen , Kosinova Marina L. , Wang Xinchen
Published: June 2020

2D carbon-doped boron nitride nanofilms are vertically aligned on conductive glass to create a photoanode for solar-driven water oxidation. This photoanode shows an improved performance compared to that of a powder based photoanode.
The breastfeeding biochemist parent: planning, pumping and perfectionism
Authors: Groom Harriet
Published: June 2020

The very fact that having an article about breastfeeding in The Biochemist seems peculiar may, in fact, demonstrate why it is important that we think and talk about the topic. In this feature, I want to discuss why people choose to breastfeed their children, how this is possible when returning to work as a bench scientist, and the steps we can all take supporting people in making that choice, as part of an inclusive working environment. Hopefully, there’s a bit of science in there too.
A review of the challenges and opportunities for restoring animal-mediated pollination of native plants
Authors: Cariveau Daniel P. , Bruninga-Socolar Bethanne , Pardee Gabriella L.
Published: June 2020

Ecological restoration is increasingly implemented to reverse habitat loss and concomitant declines in biological diversity. Typically, restoration success is evaluated by measuring the abundance and/or diversity of a single taxon. However, for a restoration to be successful and persistent, critical ecosystem functions such as animal-mediated pollination must be maintained. In this review, we focus on three aspects of pollination within ecological restorations. First, we address the need to measure pollination directly in restored habitats. Proxies such as pollinator abundance and richness do not always accurately assess pollination function. Pollen supplementation experiments, pollen deposition studies, and pollen transport networks are more robust methods for assessing pollination function within restorations. Second, we highlight how local-scale management and landscape-level factors may influence pollination within restorations. Local-scale management actions such as prescribed fire and removal of non-native species can have large impacts on pollinator communities and ultimately on pollination services. In addition, landscape context including proximity and connectivity to natural habitats may be an important factor for land managers and conservation practitioners to consider to maximize restoration success. Third, as climate change is predicted to be a primary driver of future loss in biodiversity, we discuss the potential effects climate change may have on animal-mediated pollination within restorations. An increased mechanistic understanding of how climate change affects pollination and incorporation of climate change predictions will help practitioners design stable, functioning restorations into the future.
Analysis of rock mass and anchor support elements deformations during the long-term maintenance of mine workings
Authors: Tsibaev Sergey , Renev Alexey , Zainulin Rinat , Kucherenko Alexander
Published: June 2020

The results of instrumental and visual assessment of near-rock massif and anchor support elements state in the conditions of long-term maintenance of mine workings has been presented. Particular attention is paid to underground mines in a flooded state. The result of various profiles fixing bolts strength tests of in the roof and sides of the workings has been presented. It has been established that the probability distribution of the anchoring bolts force in the holes in roof of the workings obeys the normal distribution tendency. The result of a radar survey of roof rocks using the Georadar OKO-2 has been analyzed. It was revealed that the height of the stratification of rocks in the mine workings roof varies from 0.2 m to 2.25 m, a comparison is made with the theoretical height of the collapse arch. The propensity of the near rock massif to water saturation has been estimated, the height of the water saturation of the roof rocks has been established. It has been established that the height of moisture depends on the arch of rock stability formed during the survey period. It has been found that water saturation of the rocks leads to a decrease in the specific cohesion of the resin capsules bonding composition with the walls of the hole by 55-67% in roof and by 72% in walls of mine workings.
Evaluation of Effect of the Excavator Cycle Duration on its Productivity
Authors: Litvin Oleg , Litvin Yaroslav
Published: June 2020

Hydraulic excavators currently used at open pit mines, in particular backhoes, are more maneuverable, mobile and have more digging capabilities than rope shovels. This makes them suitable for a variety of conditions: top and bottom digging, loading lower, higher and at the standing level. The variants of mutual arrangement of the excavator and the dump truck, respectively, affect the duration of the excavator cycle, which, in turn, directly affects the productivity of the excavator. This article evaluates changes in the productivity of an excavator, depending on its angle of rotation and options for digging and loading. It is determined that the smaller the swing angle of an excavator, the greater its impact on productivity. Based on the executed calculations relative decrease in productivity (in percent from the most optimum variant) is established. Results of work can be used at planning of open pit mining for the purpose of definition, for example, speed of mining front movement at change of parameters of an excavator face and a type of a digging and loading.
Studies of the Possibility of Using Coal Mining Waste in Concrete for Mine Construction
Authors: Gilyazidinova Natalya , Duvarov Vladimir , Mamytov Akparali
Published: June 2020

The article discusses the possibility of using coal waste for the preparation of mine concrete. As a result of the research, scientific and prac- tical results were obtained. It has been experimentally proved that when a small fraction of coal, which is a waste of coal mining, is added to mine concrete, the strength of concrete decreases, but with a certain ratio of this strength it is sufficient to ensure the required properties. A series of experi- ments was carried out with the addition of liquid glass to the concrete to control the setting time of the mixture. The properties of coal wastes were determined and the possibility of their use in mine concrete was investigated. It has been established that the introduction of a fine fraction of coal in the optimum quantity into the composition of mine concrete is possible without reducing technological parameters.
Using Topographic Advantages in Formulating a Strategy to Access Ore Bodies at Ban Phuc Nikel Mine
Authors: Nguyen Phi Hung , Pham Duc Thang
Published: June 2020

There are various types of underground mining that are categorized based on the kind of shafts used, the technique of extraction and the process used to get to a deposit. Development mining is composed of excavation almost entirely in (non-valuable) waste rock in order to gain access to the orebody. To start the mining, the first step is to make the path to go down. Development, the work of opening a mineral deposit for exploitation is performed. With it begins the actual mining of the deposit. Access to the deposit must be gained either by stripping the overburden, which is the soil and/or rock covering the deposit,to expose the near- surface ore for mining or by excavating openings from the surface to access more deeply buried deposits to prepare for underground mining. The type of underground mining technique used is typically based on the geology of the area, especially the amount of ground support needed to make mining safe. When using to exploit ore body by underground mining method, the textbook guide in universities of Vietnam had had 4 main strategies include: access by horizontal tunnel lines, access by incline shaft, vertical shaft and combination of above access method. In this study, we developed a solution outside of four above approaches, to take advantage of the topography, transport potential energy, and advantages when constructing sloped incline, backward from outside to inside.
Improving Earthquake Resistance of Structures by Injection Consolidation of Earth Foundations
Authors: Prostov Sergey , Shabanov Evgeniy , Sokolov Michail , Shabdanov Musa
Published: June 2020

Based on the analysis of the results of field experiments, recommendations were developed on increasing the earthquake resistance of soil foundations of buildings and structures at the Krasnobrodsky coal open-pit mine, providing conditions for an uninterrupted and safe technological process of minerals extraction and transportation. As a result of research carried out at a pilot test site by the method of seismic sounding using the refraction technique, scientific and practical results were obtained. It has been experimentally proved that compacting soils with cement-sand mortar allows us to improve their deformation properties, which leads to an increase in the earthquake resistance of structures. The seismicity of the soil foundation of the enrichment complex of inclined separation was calculated on the basis of the performed simulation of deformation processes in the consolidated foundation of the structure in a critical state. The studies have found out that when weakened soils are compacted under the supports of the galleries of the structure and after the artificial foundation has gained strength, seismicity decreased from 7 to 6 points.
Contact grouting taken into account when calculating arched frame supports
Authors: Liskovets Alexander , Tatsienko Victor , Gogolin Vyacheslav
Published: June 2020

One of the current trends in the technology of supporting capital and preparatory workings is the use of contact grouting. The contact grouting is designed to increase the bearing capacity of the frame supports. The paper considers a method for calculating the support pressure and the displacement of the support crown. The calculation method is based on the interaction of the system of blocks “support – filling layer - broken rock layer - undisturbed rock”. The following factors were taken into account in the method of calculating the frame arch support: depth of the roadway development, mine working cross-section, the support section, the width of the filling layer and its deformation characteristics, as well as the deformation and strength characteristics of the rock mass. Checking of the support strength state is done by comparing the calculated load versus the rated bearing capacity of the support. The developed technique allows making the choice of support in various mining conditions of the application.
Improved Calculation Methodology for Cycle Harvesting of Milled Peat
Authors: Sizova Victoria , Chertkova Elena
Published: June 2020

The article presents the calculation methods for cycle harvesting of milled peat. They are recommended for the three flow sheets of milled peat production: (a) a method based on a mechanical extraction by means of tanker harvesters; (b) a separate method of peat harvesting and transporting to large stacks and (c) a method based on pneumatic peat harvesting. Positive and negative aspects of the given methods are described and the improved calculation methods for cycle harvesting of milled peat are offered. The proposed methods take into account the weather conditions of a peat production region, the decrease in the initial moisture in the second and subsequent cycles after precipitation, due to the loss of fragmented peat from the previous cycle. A drying rate reduction factor is introduced into calculations in view of the uneven spread of milled crumbs. The performed calculations show that the reduced to 15% cycle harvests are possible to use in a design in comparison with those calculated by the previous technical design standards.
Creation and Verification of Numerical Model of Explosive Charge Blast in The Ansys Software System, for the Purpose of Substantiating the Optimal Parameters of Drilling and Blasting Operations
Authors: Mysin Alexey , Kovalevskiy Vladimir
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this paper was to create a numerical model of explosive destruction of a rock slab by exploding a cylindrical explosive charge. The paper considers the features of solving the problem of explosive charge using the finite element method in a three-dimensional setting. The equations of state of materials used for calculations are given. The results of the laboratory experiment carried out on the basis of the laboratory: “Physical and technological processes of rock destruction” and “Physics of rock destruction by explosive energy” of the Department of Blasting works of the Mining University are presented. The comparison of the results of the laboratory experiment and the numerical modeling performed using the ANSYS software system is presented. Experimental research has shown that having clarified the constants in the polynomial equation of state of the material and the Johnson–Holmquist strength model, the results of numerical modeling, in general, are similar to the experimental ones. The obtained and verified numerical model of the cylindrical explosive charge blast is considered as the basis for choosing the optimal parameters of drilling and blasting works.
Model-based tests on the time of crew evacuation from the danger area in an excavated underground mine heading
Authors: Tutak Magdalena , Gvozdkova Tatiana
Published: June 2020

When ventilation hazards become active in an underground mine heading, it is very often necessary to evacuate the crew from the danger area. This evacuation is carried out along emergency escape (evacuation) routes to a heading which is not affected by a given incident. Such a heading must provide access to fresh air and guarantee that there is no smoke. In this context, an important role is played by the time in which the crew leaves the danger area and gets into the safety zone. The time needed by the crew to cover the length of an escape route depends on a number of factors. In hard coal mines, the time necessary to evacuate the crew is most commonly determined on the basis of analytical methods developed in the second half of the 20th century. In recent years, however, the development of numerical methods has made it possible to determine these times using model-based tests supported by numerical simulations. The article presents the results of such tests with regard to the evacuation of a crew from an excavated dog heading. The objective of the tests was to analyse how the movement speed of the miners being evacuated from the danger area affects the time of their evacuation. The analysis was carried out for four different movement speeds of a crew and for 26 miners working in the heading under analysis. Their distribution in the heading reflected the actual location of their work stations. The results obtained made it possible to determine the times and intensity of their evacuation, and they should also serve as a valuable source of information for the emergency rescue teams in underground mines.
Justification of parameters mining and technological structure of modular mine sites in terms water disposal
Authors: Shishkov Roman , Fedorin Valery
Published: June 2020

The high cost of any traditional coal mines consists of many factors their operation, one which is basically drainage. In mines and sections Russia, on average, for each ton coal mined, more than 2 m3 water is pumped from mine workings to day surface. For this work, more than 10 thousand pumping units with a total installed capacity about 1 million kW are used at mining enterprises. Therefore, rational design and proper operation, in particular, drainage plants mining enterprises are important technical and economic tasks today and in future, which leads to increased production volumes and a transition to a new stage in development coal industry using new technologies. The application mining technology structure mine sites located on a coal mine is considered. The result is that at design stage it becomes possible to highlight use of water pumping measures only at stage preparatory mine workings, reducing production costs for equipment and its operation, volumetric work, mine workings for water collectors and allocation personnel from drainage site to more significant work . A comparative analysis of two options is given, in terms efficiency wastewater disposal, namely actual situation of a certain period at enterprise SUEK-Kuzbass JSC mine Taldinskaya Zapadnaya-2 and the use mine sites.
Investigation of the Effectiveness of the Method for Recognizing Pre-Emergency Situations at Mining Facilities
Authors: Abu-Abed Fares
Published: June 2020

In previous reports, an analysis of the basic mathematical methods used to solve the pattern recognition problem was carried out. The inappropriateness of applying the Bayesian classification and cluster analysis to solve the problem of recognizing pre-emergency situations in the process of drilling a well is shown. As a mathematical apparatus for solving the problem of determining the current state of an object of research by a given set of features, a pattern recognition method based on an artificial neural network is selected. In this paper, an analysis is made of existing approaches to improving the quality of education aimed at improving the efficiency of its functioning. The results obtained in this paper will improve the quality of work of the previously developed modified algorithm for training the pre-emergency classifier based on the back propagation method, which differs from the classical one by the procedure for finding the global minimum of the error function, and its software implementation has been implemented. The work is an integral part of previously published developments presented in the materials of articles in 2-nd, 3-rd and 4-th International innovative mining symposiums (2017-2019).
Public Control over the Implementation of the Best Available Technologies as an Important Element of the Country’s Modern Environmental Policy
Authors: Zakondyrin Alexander
Published: June 2020

The urgent need for the formation of an open and transparent system of public control and environmental and technological assessment of the implementation and application of the best available technologies (BAT) at the largest industrial enterprises of Russia (primarily at enterprises of the Ist Hazard Category) is justified. As an effective measure for forming such a system, the possibility of introducing the national standard “Best Available Technologies. Methodological recommendations for conducting a public expert environmental and technological assessment of the introduction of BAT in enterprises” is described. For consideration and discussion of readers submitted a draft of this document, developed by the author of this article. The basic concept of the proposed document is to establish clear requirements for the procedure and procedure for conducting public audits of BAT implementation. According to the author’s idea, the recommended standard will be a comprehensive document aimed at solving a whole range of urgent problems in the field of research. It is expected that its implementation will contribute to enhancing the transparency of financial flows allocated for the implementation of the National Ecological Project, as well as its separate federal project, “Implementation of the Best Available Technologies”. A general increase in the quality, efficiency and transparency of the implemented environmental policy in the country is also expected.
Study of the Composition of the Mining Industry Rubber Waste Pyrolyzates
Authors: Makarevich Evgeniуa , Papin Andrey , Chernik Alexander
Published: June 2020

The study of the composition of the mining industry rubber waste pyrolyzates is an urgent research task. The study of the rubber waste pyrolyzates: solid carbon residue and various fractions of the pyrolysis liquid is presented in the work. A high content of sulfur compounds in all fractions of the pyrolysis liquid was found. The possibilities of improving the quality characteristics of the solid carbon residue and reducing sulfur- containing substances in the fractions of the pyrolysis liquid, which will allow their use as adsorbents and motor fuels, are considered.
Technique for Determining the Potential Use of Disturbed Lands for Agriculture in Mining Region
Authors: Tomilin Kirill , Kharitonov Aleksey , Bondarev Nikolay
Published: June 2020

The retrospective dynamics of land use in the Kemerovo region since the Soviet period is presented in the study. The survey of views of the scientific community regarding the development of reclamation of lands allocated to industry was conducted. The statistics are reflected: areas of lands disturbed by the activities of open pits and mines in the mining region; the number of land law violations; land retirement. A technique is presented for determining the potential use of disturbed lands for agriculture in order to identify their suitability or unsuitability for reclamation; its algorithm including seven consecutive stages is presented. Indicators that contribute to maximizing income from each plot suitable for long-term agricultural reclamation were selected.
Effect of aerodynamic loads on redistribution of normal reactions of quarry dump trucks tires
Authors: Dadonov Mikhail , Kulpin Alexander , Borovtsov Valery , Zhunusbekova Anar
Published: June 2020

Tires of quarry dump trucks occupy one of the leading places in the item of costs for motor transport, as they are expensive product and at the same time more than half of them do not generate their resource. The causes of premature tires failure are exceeding normal load on them. In turn, the aerodynamic forces effect on the quarry dump truck as one of the influencing factors, is the dynamic redistribution of normal loads on tires and, as a result, affects temperature modes. The determination of the load on the tire under different operating conditions will increase the service life of the tires and avoid early failure. The proposed calculation method of aerodynamic loads and their influence on redistribution of normal mine dump truck tires reactions in dynamics allows to make correction to load modes and control the tires resource, which will lead to more complete use of tires resource.
Application of FACTS Devices in Power Supply Systems of Coal Mines
Authors: Nepsha Fedor , Voronin Vyacheslav , Belyaevsky Roman , Efremenko Vladimir , Varnavskiy Kirill
Published: June 2020

In this article, the authors discuss the use of FACTS devices in coal mine power systems. The problems of reactive power compensation and the disadvantages of regulatory and technical documentation regarding the use of modern reactive power compensation devices are considered. The main types of FACTS devices that can be used in coal mines are identified. The scientific publications in the field of application of FACTS devices in power supply systems of industrial enterprises are analyzed. The cost indicators of FACTS devices are considered and conclusions are drawn on the theoretical technical and economic efficiency of using FACTS devices in mine conditions.
Online Learning vs. Extreme Learning in Mining Higher Education under COVID
Authors: Pevneva Inna , Edmunds Paul
Published: June 2020

Mining education, including ESL teaching had to undergo a sudden switch to the distance learning mode in spring 2020 due to COVID-19. The article analyses the challenges that most of teachers had to face and justifies the term “extreme learning” in connection with a sudden shift to a distance mode in higher education world-wide. The analytical data is provided to prove the point and as an effort to evaluate the effectiveness of extreme online learning. Current situation in Russian mining universities can be compared with the results of transition to emergency online format in the United States, UNM University. The necessity for further assessment is underlined in connection with the analysis of prerequisites, needs, and processes rather than the results.
Features of the development of human capital in Kemerovo mining region
Authors: Snegireva Tatiana , Ezhov Aleksei , Kostyuk Svetlana , Cehlar Michal
Published: June 2020

Significant impact on the formation and use of human capital are exerted by factors and conditions that correspond to the levels of government and form continuously interconnected and warring groups. Combined socio- economic category “human capital” was formed as a result of notable changes in the human as the main productive force and socio-economic subject of society. Practice shows that regions with significant human capital are in a better position compared to competitors that do not have similar advantages. Targeted projects of the formation and use of human regional capital such as the international acceleration program “Russian-Chinese Youth Business Incubator” allows not only effectively form and use the human capital of the region, but also increase its competitiveness.
Reproduction Forms of Sustainable Development Policy in Russia
Authors: Zhironkin Sergey , Janocko Juraj , Demchenko Svetlana , Suslova Yulia , Zhironkina Olga
Published: June 2020

The objective meaning of the sustainable development process in relation to the neo-industrialization of the economy is to create conditions for the restoration of the ecological identity of the national economy as a multi-industry production complex. We consider the neo-industrial development of the economy as the re-establishment of a competitive manufacturing complex in it, capable of saturating the domestic market avoiding increasing the burden on the environment with the innovative development of raw materials production, creating the material basis of national competitiveness in the environmental plan. From sustainable development point of view, neo-industrialization means conducting a comprehensive structural policy, the object of which should be national reproduction, and the subject is deep transformations of the processes that form the complex of human impact on nature, its institutional and technological structure, increasing the reproductive role of the green economy based on the potential of the internal market. At the same time, the history of greening industry, which dates back to the 1990s, testifies to the positive experience of replacing global production chains of raw materials, in particular, energy carriers, with the benefits of a fundamentally new type – alternative energy sources, biomaterials. Therefore, the development of technologically advanced manufacturing industry based on technologies of the green economy is possible as a result of the formation of production of goods and services that are maximally focused on meeting the environmental needs of society.