bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pathogenicity of the root lesion nematode Pratylenchus neglectus depends on pre-culture conditions
Authors: Fatemi Ehsan , Jung Christian
Published: November 2023

The ability of a plant parasitic nematode to infect and reproduce within a host plant depends on its genotype and the environmental conditions before and during infection. We studied the culturing conditions of the root lesion nematode Pratylenchus neglectus to produce inoculum for plant infection tests. Nematodes were either cultivated on carrot calli for different periods or directly isolated from the roots of the host plants. After infection of wheat and barley plants in the greenhouse, nematodes were quantified by RT-qPCR and by visual counting of the nematodes. We observed drastically reduced infection rates after long-term (> 96 weeks) cultivation on carrot callus. In contrast, fresh isolates from cereal roots displayed much higher pathogenicity. We recommend using root lesion nematodes cultivated on carrot calli no longer than 48 weeks to guarantee uniform infection rates.
Identification of a unique conserved region from a kinetoplastid genome of Leishmania orientalis (formerly named Leishmania siamensis) strain PCM2 in Thailand
Authors: Anuntasomboon Pornchai , Siripattanapipong Suradej , Unajak Sasimanas , Choowongkomon Kiattawee , Burchmore Richard , Leelayoova Saovanee , Mungthin Mathirut , E-kobon Teerasak
Published: November 2023

Mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) appear in almost all eukaryotic species and are useful molecular markers for phylogenetic studies and species identification. Kinetoplast DNAs (kDNAs) are structurally complex circular mtDNA networks in kinetoplastids, divided into maxicircles and minicircles. Despite several kDNAs of many Leishmania species being examined, the kDNAs of the new species, Leishmania orientalis (formerly named Leishmania siamensis) strain PCM2, have not been explored. This study aimed to investigate the maxicircle and minicircle DNAs of L. orientalis strain PCM2 using hybrid genome sequencing technologies and bioinformatic analyses. The kDNA sequences were isolated and assembled using the SPAdes hybrid assembler from the Illumina short-read and PacBio long-read data. Circular contigs of the maxicircle and minicircle DNAs were reconstructed and confirmed by BLASTn and rKOMICs programs. The kDNA genome was annotated by BLASTn before the genome comparison and phylogenetic analysis by progressiveMauve, MAFFT, and MEGA programs. The maxicircle of L. orientalis strain PCM2 (18,215 bp) showed 99.92% similarity and gene arrangement to Leishmania enriettii strain LEM3045 maxicircle with variation in the 12s rRNA gene and divergent region. Phylogenetics of the whole sequence, coding regions, divergent regions, and 12s rRNA gene also confirmed this relationship and subgenera separation. The identified 105 classes of minicircles (402–1177 bp) were clustered monophyletically and related to the Leishmania donovani minicircles. The kinetoplast maxicircle and minicircle DNAs of L. orientalis strain PCM2 contained a unique conserved region potentially useful for specific diagnosis of L. orientalis and further exploration of this parasite population genetics in Thailand and related regions.
Wavelet radiomics features from multiphase CT images for screening hepatocellular carcinoma: analysis and comparison
Authors: Tang Van Ha , Duong Soan T. M. , Nguyen Chanh D. Tr. , Huynh Thanh M. , Duc Vo T. , Phan Chien , Le Huyen , Bui Trung , Truong Steven Q. H.
Published: November 2023

Early detection of liver malignancy based on medical image analysis plays a crucial role in patient prognosis and personalized treatment. This task, however, is challenging due to several factors, including medical data scarcity and limited training samples. This paper presents a study of three important aspects of radiomics feature from multiphase computed tomography (CT) for classifying hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and other focal liver lesions: wavelet-transformed feature extraction, relevant feature selection, and radiomics features-based classification under the inadequate training samples. Our analysis shows that combining radiomics features extracted from the wavelet and original CT domains enhance the classification performance significantly, compared with using those extracted from the wavelet or original domain only. To facilitate the multi-domain and multiphase radiomics feature combination, we introduce a logistic sparsity-based model for feature selection with Bayesian optimization and find that the proposed model yields more discriminative and relevant features than several existing methods, including filter-based, wrapper-based, or other model-based techniques. In addition, we present analysis and performance comparison with several recent deep convolutional neural network (CNN)-based feature models proposed for hepatic lesion diagnosis. The results show that under the inadequate data scenario, the proposed wavelet radiomics feature model produces comparable, if not higher, performance metrics than the CNN-based feature models in terms of area under the curve.
ZnO/CuSe composite-mediated bandgap modulation for enhanced photocatalytic performance against methyl blue dye
Authors: Mubeen Khalida , Safeen Kashif , Irshad Afshan , Safeen Akif , Ghani Tayyaba , Shah Wiqar H. , Khan Rajwali , Ahmad Khawaja Shafique , Casin Ryan , Rashwan Mohamed A. , Elansary Hosam O. , Shah Attaullah
Published: November 2023

The removal of toxic dye pigments from the environment is of utmost importance since even trace amounts of these pollutants can lead to harmful impacts on ecosystems. Heterogeneous photocatalysis is a potential technique for eliminating microbiological, inorganic, and organic pollutants from wastewater. Here, we report the band gap alteration of ZnO by making its composites with CuSe to enhance photocatalytic activity. The purpose is to develop metal oxide nanocomposites (ZnO/CuSe) as an effective and efficient material for the photodegradation of methyl blue. The photocatalysts, ZnO nanorods, CuSe, and ZnO/CuSe nanocomposites of different weight ratios were synthesized by the simple and cost-effective technique of precipitation. UV–Vis spectra verified that the ZnO/CuSe photocatalyst improved absorption in the visible region. The optical bandgap of ZnO/CuSe nanocomposites reduced from 3.37 to 2.68 eV when CuSe concentration increased from 10 to 50%. ZnO/CuSe composites demonstrated better photocatalytic activity than ZnO when exposed to UV–visible light. The pure ZnO nanorods could absorb UV light and the nanocomposites could absorb visible light only; this was attributed to the transfer of excited high-energy electrons from ZnO to CuSe.
Mediating oxidative stress through the Palbociclib/miR-141-3p/STAT4 axis in osteoporosis: a bioinformatics and experimental validation study
Authors: Ji Jiajia , Wu Shaobo , Bao Xueyuan , Liu Shixuan , Ye Yuxing , Liu Jiayuan , Guo Jinniu , Liu Jiateng , Wang Xi , Xia Zhihao , Wei Liangliang , Zhang Yan , Hao Dingjun , Huang Dageng
Published: November 2023

Osteoporosis is a common bone disease characterized by loss of bone mass, reduced bone strength, and deterioration of bone microstructure. ROS-induced oxidative stress plays an important role in osteoporosis. However, the biomarkers and molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress are still unclear. We obtained the datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and performed differential analysis, Venn analysis, and weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) analysis out the hub genes. Then, the correlation between inflammatory factors and hub genes was analyzed, and a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed on cytokines and osteoporosis outcomes. In addition, “CIBERSORT” was used to analyze the infiltration of immune cells and single-cell RNA-seq data was used to analyze the expression distribution of hub genes and cell–cell communications. Finally, we collected human blood samples for RT-qPCR and Elisa experiments, the miRNA-mRNA network was constructed using the miRBase database, the 3D structure was predicted using the RNAfold, Vfold3D database, and the drug sensitivity analysis was performed using the RNAactDrug database. We obtained three differentially expressed genes associated with oxidative stress: DBH, TAF15, and STAT4 by differential, WGCNA clustering, and Venn screening analyses, and further analyzed the correlation of these 3 genes with inflammatory factors and immune cell infiltration and found that STAT4 was significantly and positively correlated with IL-2. Single-cell data analysis showed that the STAT4 gene was highly expressed mainly in dendritic cells and monocytes. In addition, the results of RT-qPCR and Elisa experiments verified that the expression of STAT4 was consistent with the previous analysis, and a significant causal relationship between IL-2 and STAT4 SNPs and osteoporosis was found by Mendelian randomization. Finally, through miRNA-mRNA network and drug sensitivity analysis, we analyzed to get Palbociclib/miR-141-3p/STAT4 axis, which can be used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. In this study, we proposed the Palbociclib/miR-141-3p/STAT4 axis for the first time and provided new insights into the mechanism of oxidative stress in osteoporosis.
Functionality and mechanistic parametric study of the potential of waste plantain peels and commercial bentonite for soybean oil refining
Authors: Ogbu Annex Ifeanyi , Ovuoraye Prosper Eguono , Ajemba Regina Obiageli , Dehghani Mohammad Hadi
Published: November 2023

The consumption of unrefined vegetable oil poses acute and chronic health issues, yet improper disposal of waste plantain peels is not environmentally sustainable. This research investigates the feasibility, mechanism and thermodynamics of waste plantain peels, and commercial bentonite clay for soybean oil refining. Experiment was carried out using masses (1–4 g) of commercial bentonite clay, and unripe plantain peel ash (UPPA) to degummed and neutralized free fatty acid (FFA) contents in crude soybean oil at varying temperatures (50–120 °C), and time (15–35 min) for treatment of soybean oil. FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, and XRF techniques were applied to characterize the sample. The results established that at optimum 4.0 g dosage, the UPPA (97.73%) was more effective in the removal of FFA from oil at 50 °C and 20 min, while the clay (90%) was more effective in the removal of colour pigment from the vegetable oil 100 °C, and 25 min. The optimum efficiency of Clay-Ash-composite (70:30) in adsorbing pigment from soybean oil corresponds to 80%. The impact of changing viscosities, densities, and acid values on the performance of UPPA, clay, and clay-UPPA composite was investigated. Mechanistic studies confirmed the pseudo-second-order kinetics at 5 × 10–2 g/mg min−1 and 1.87 × 10–1 g/mg min−1, with corresponding adsorption capacity of 30.40 mg/g and 4.91 mg/g, at R2 ≤ 0.9982. The UPPA-driven sorption of FFA occurred as a physisorption and exothermic process (− 620.60 kJ/mol), while colour pigment removal occurred by chemisorption and endothermic process (22.40 kJ/mol). The finding recommends UPPA and composite as economically feasible for refining soybean oil.
Thermal pattern of Tatun volcanic system by satellite-observed temperatures and its correlation with earthquake magnitudes
Authors: Chan Hai-Po , Chan Yu-Chang , Sun Cheng-Wei
Published: November 2023

The land surface temperature (LST) of volcanoes detected from satellite sensors reflects the thermal status of heat sources in the subsurface. Volcanic earthquakes occur as magma and volcanic fluids transport to the surface from depth. Thus, both LST and earthquake magnitude are key parameters to the study of active volcanoes. Here we investigate the volcanic status of Tatun Volcanic Group (TVG) based on LST and seismic observations. The Earth-observing satellites onboard thermal sensor derived land surface temperature, and the seismic records retrieved volcanic earthquake magnitude are used to delineate the past and current pattern of volcanic activity plus the future trend of the TVG. The spatiotemporal distribution of LST and volcanic earthquake magnitude in TVG are analyzed. The high-similarity trends of the 4-decade LST time series and 3-decade earthquake magnitude time series are inspected. The retrieved surface thermal pattern shows the non-steady-state nature of the subsurface thermal sources at this volcanic complex. The LST trend exhibits a rather positive correlation with the energy released from volcanic earthquakes and consequently, the presumption on the connection between LSTs and earthquakes is validated.
Valorisation of Coproducts and By-products Obtained from Nuts
Authors: Block Jane Mara , Polmann Gabriela , Neves Maria Isabel Landim , Sánchez-Martínez Jose David , Cifuentes Alejandro , Ibañez Elena
Published: November 2023

The world production of nuts is expected to be 52 million metric tons in 2021/2022, representing an increase of 3 to 16% in the production of some of these nuts. The group includes almonds, Brazil nuts, cashews, hazelnuts, macadamias, pecans, pine nuts, walnuts in kernels, and pistachios in shells. In addition to being highly appreciated for their sensory characteristics, nuts are considered functional foods due to their high content of bioactive compounds. Besides the macronutrients, nuts are rich in monounsaturated fatty acids, phytosterols, tocopherols, and phenolic compounds. The processing of nuts generates coproducts and by-products that can be used in food formulation or to obtain ingredients of interest for the food, cosmetic, and/or pharmaceutical industries. In this chapter, the production of these valorised ingredients from nuts, using sustainable technologies which address the circular economy concept, will the described. The emerging uses of these coproducts and by-products and the health benefits demonstrated through in vitro and in vivo studies will be discussed. Finally, underexploited nuts from the Amazon biome that are currently little known and explored will be presented.
Valorization of Agricultural Residues Generated from Corn/Maize: Acquiring Valuables from Waste
Authors: Ilyas Talat , Tripathi Pratyush , Singh Vagmi , Singh Harsh Vardhan
Published: November 2023

Globally, agriculture produces a large number of food waste and by-products, many of which contain valuable bioactive compounds. Over 140 billion metric tonnes of renewable biomass are produced yearly as a result of agro-industrial operations. Agro-wastes are frequently disposed of indiscriminately or burned off, posing an environmental hazard and contributing to global warming by the production of harmful greenhouse gases. The major preference for avoiding environmental problems while also benefiting the economy and society is to reduce food waste and by-products. An enormous number of leftover organic components are created throughout the maize growing process and are often left on the field, including the cobs that play a minor role in soil conditioning and nutrient source. Agro-wastes are now being explored for valorization via biotechnological pathways to promote ecological stability, value addition to wastes, and encouragement of advancements in circular bioeconomy. The evaluation of the environmental performances of the process is crucial to evaluate the sustainability of the valuation overall, maximizing the environmental value provided. This chapter focuses specifically on assessing the advantages of converting agricultural wastes into naturally derived products and aims to support circular economy practices in agricultural production.
Techno-economic Analysis and Life Cycle Assessment of Value-added Products from Agri-food Waste
Authors: Rebolledo-Leiva R. , Moreira M. T. , González-García S.
Published: November 2023

The growing attention to a circular economy in the last decade motivates the promotion of strategies for moving from “take, make, and dispose of” to “rethink, reuse, and recovery” to face the climate change crisis. In this framework, the biorefinery concept is considered a sustainable approach for generating multiple bio-based products from different biomass feedstocks through the arrangement of conversion technologies. However, addressing economic and environmental aspects at an early stage of the design of bio-based systems is required for their potential implementation. This chapter aims to present the state of the art of application of techno-economic analysis (TEA) and life cycle assessment (LCA) for evaluating valorisation pathways of agri-food waste into value-added products under a biorefinery perspective. A great number of articles analysed only focused on the global warming category in the environmental assessment; meanwhile, economic analysis was related to conventional performance indicators, such as minimum sale price, payback time, and profit, among others. Furthermore, process simulation was a widely used tool in the design and identification of the optimal valorisation strategy based on economic and environmental feasibility.
Unraveling and suppressing the voltage decay of high-capacity cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Sun Luoran , Wu Zhonghan , Hou Machuan , Ni Youxuan , Sun Haoxiang , Jiao Peixin , Li Haixia , Zhang Wei , Zhang Liang , Zhang Kai , Cheng Fangyi , Chen Jun
Published: November 2023

The steric heterogeneity of Mn redox derived from the oxygen loss is the trigger of voltage decay in high-capacity oxygen-redox sodium-based layered oxides. Moreover, an electron localization strategy is developed to eliminate the voltage decay.
Light-driven micro/nanomotors in biomedical applications
Authors: Zeng Xuejiao , Yang Mingzhu , Liu Hua , Zhang Zhenzhong , Hu Yurong , Shi Jinjin , Wang Zhi-Hao
Published: November 2023

This review provides inspiration and promotes the clinical application of light-driven micro/nanomotors in the biomedical field.
Enhanced electrical and magnetic functionality of Ni–Zn-co-doped CoFe2O4 rGO nanocomposites
Authors: Nagpal Diksha , Gupta Ashish , Rohilla Vishal , Mariappan C. R. , Kumar Ashavani
Published: November 2023

Enhancement in electrical and magnetic functionalities of rGO CoFe2O4 and Co0.7Zn0.3Fe1.7Ni0.3O4 nanocomposites was identified compared to their spinel-type metal oxides.
Worst‐Case Morphs Using Wasserstein ALI and Improved MIPGAN
Authors: Kelly U. M. , Nauta M. , Liu L. , Spreeuwers L. J. , Veldhuis R. N. J.
Published: November 2023

A morph is a combination of two separate facial images and contains the identity information of two different people. When used in an identity document, both people can be authenticated by a biometric face recognition (FR) system. Morphs can be generated using either a landmark‐based approach or approaches based on deep learning, such as generative adversarial networks (GANs). In a recent paper, we introduced a worst-case upper bound on how challenging morphing attacks can be for an FR system. The closer morphs are to this upper bound, the bigger the challenge they pose to FR. We introduced an approach with which it was possible to generate morphs that approximate this upper bound for a known FR system (white box) but not for unknown (black box) FR systems. In this paper, we introduce a morph generation method that can approximate worst‐case morphs even when the FR system is not known. A key contribution is that we include the goal of generating difficult morphs during training. Our method is based on adversarially learned inference (ALI) and uses concepts from Wasserstein GANs trained with gradient penalty, which were introduced to stabilise the training of GANs. We include these concepts to achieve a similar improvement in training stability and call the resulting method Wasserstein ALI (WALI). We finetune WALI using loss functions designed specifically to improve the ability to manipulate identity information in facial images and show how it can generate morphs that are more challenging for FR systems than landmark‐ or GAN‐based morphs. We also show how our findings can be used to improve MIPGAN, an existing StyleGAN‐based morph generator.
Localization of Noise Sources in Jets Flowing from Lobed Nozzles
Authors: Khramtsov Igor , Ershov Victor , Kustov Oleg
Published: November 2023

The noise of jets formed using conical and lobed nozzles has been measured. The possibility of jet noise reduction by using a lobed nozzle shape has been demonstrated. The localization of noise sources in jets formed using various nozzles has been carried out. A planar 9-beam 54-channel Bruel & Kjaer micro-phone array and Delay-and-Sum Beamforming technique were used. As a result, the position of noise sources in a turbulent jet in one-third octave frequency bands was obtained. The deviation effect of the position of noise sources when using lobed nozzles relative to the standard jet formed by a conical nozzle is demonstrated.
The Concept of Acoustic Design of Propeller-Driven Fixed-Wing Aircrafts
Authors: Moshkov Petr , Pogosyan Mikhail
Published: November 2023

The article proposes the concept of acoustic design of propeller-driven fixed wing aircraft, i.e., taking into account the required acoustic characteristics. The scheme of research and development work at various stage of the project necessary for the implementation of this concept is proposed. A schematic diagram of computational studies in the framework of the acoustic design process of propeller-driven fixed-wing aircraft is proposed. A schematic diagram of the choice of a propeller-driven power plant is considered, taking into account the required acoustic characteristics.
Determination of the Boundaries of the Non-Magnetic Phase of the Dual-Phase Magnetic Material of the Starter-Generator Rotor
Authors: Vavilov Vyacheslav , Ismagilov Flyur , Yushkova Oksana , Pronin Egor , Zherebtsov Alexey
Published: November 2023

Dual-phase magnetic material - a magnetic material in which, by processing, localized non-magnetic areas can be obtained to control the direction of the magnetic flux. Such properties can significantly improve the output characteristics of a number of topologies of electrical machines, as well as neutralize a number of the main disadvantages inherent in traditional designs of electrical machines. This paper presents a numerical study of the strength characteristics of the rotor of an electric starter-generator with permanent magnets with a dual-phase magnetic material. The optimal boundaries of racks for processing in the non-magnetic phase are determined.
Investigation of the High-Voltage Converter for Powering Electrostatic Precipitators
Authors: Roginskaya Lyubov , Yalalova Zulfiya , Gorbunov Anton , Karimov Ruslan , Tereshkin Vladimir , Senyushkin Nikolai
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the power supply for air purification systems using electrostatic precipitators (ESP). The features of operation of the in-put thyristor regulator for changing the output parameters of the power source are considered. The nominal electromagnetic and design parameters of the elements of the ESP power supply circuit are presented. Mathematical expressions describing electromagnetic processes in the ESP are given. A computer simulation of a system including a power supply with an ESP was performed, taking in-to account the real parameters of the device elements. The characteristics of out-put parameters of the power supply are obtained for various firing angles of the input regulator and various connected numbers of turns of the high-voltage trans-former.
Features of the Application of Friction Braking in High-Speed Track Tests
Authors: Astakhov Sergey , Biryukov Vasiliy , Kataev Andrei
Published: November 2023

The increase in the speed characteristics of newly developed aircraft models im-poses new requirements on the test bench equipment of rocket-rail tracks, including braking means. In this paper, the method of friction braking in the conditions of a rocket track is considered. A method for calculating the mode of motion of a rocket sled during friction braking and the thermal wear of the friction elements of braking devices occurring at the same time is presented. An example of the calculation of the friction braking of a conditionally specified rocket sled, per-formed according to the presented method, is shown.
Algorithms of the Intelligent System for Ensuring Cybersecurity of on-board Equipment Supersonic Passenger Aircraft
Authors: Mishchenko Irina , Kosyanchuk Vladislav , Zybin Evgeny , Lelikov Maxim , Platoshin Georgy
Published: November 2023

This paper discusses the principles of forming a cyber-safe complex of on-board equipment for a supersonic passenger aircraft (SPA). The article discusses two-level protection of the on-board network against unauthorized access. The possibility of using algorithms based on blockchain and block encryption for the future protection of SPA from external and internal threats is being investigated.
Research on the Application of Vortex Lattice Method and Doublet Lattice Method in Aerodynamic Analysis of the Wing of Solar-Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Authors: Chen Lei , Strelets Dmitry
Published: November 2023

In this paper the application of doublet lattice method and vortex lattice method is discussed. A wing of a solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is chosen as the model. Both the methods are used to calculating the pressure distribution. The results show that the two methods can be used for unsteady aerodynamic analysis of such aircraft in time domain and frequency domain respectively.
3D modelling for Individual Tasks in Descriptive Geometry
Authors: Sergeeva Irina , Kolos Edward , Grigorieva Elena
Published: November 2023

The article presents a new method of developing individual tasks (IHA) for solving positional-metric problems of descriptive geometry based on 3 D models, taking into account intensive control. The technique of effective self-study of methods of changing complex drawing with the use of visual 3D models is considered.
Synthesis of Control Law Based on Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion for Supersonic Aircraft in Presence of Noise and Uncertainties
Authors: Gaurav Dhiman , Sekou Goro , Om Moung Htang
Published: November 2023

In this paper, the approach for synthesis of control law based on nonlinear dynamic inversion (NDI) via feedback linearization combined with Proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller in outer loop to control supersonic aircraft in its most challenging flight task, i.e., landing in the presence of uncertainty in knowledge of model, measurement noise is developed. The results obtained demonstrate higher control accuracy, lower pilot workload compared to PI in tracking task of pitch angle of a supersonic passenger aircraft in presence of uncertainties, noise and in case of control surface faults.
Conceptual Framework for Blockchain Business Success Factors with Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process Model
Authors: Lam Weng Hoe , Lam Weng Siew , Liew Kah Fai , Chin Fung Yuen , Lim Foo Weng
Published: November 2023

Blockchain technology is gaining popularity globally, and adoption is on the rise in Malaysia. The success of blockchain business in Malaysia depends on many key factors. By identifying the most influential factors, businesses can make informed strategic decisions that improve their chances of success in the market. Policymakers can also benefit from this research as it can guide them in creating an enabling environment for the growth and advancement of the blockchain industry in Malaysia. As a result, critical success factors are needed to be determined in order to accelerate the implementation of blockchain in organizations. Thus, a conceptual framework to identify the business success factors by using the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process model is proposed in this study. This research study is significant as the business success factors can be determined by the conceptual framework based on the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process model. The identification of business success factors for implementing blockchain is very crucial as it can guide policymakers and practitioners in comprehending the significance and importance of business success factors. Hence, viable strategies can be developed to make blockchain technology adoption in various sectors becomes successful.
Weighted Multiclass Intrusion Detection System
Authors: Dange Varsha , Phadke Soham , Solunke Tilak , Marne Sidhesh , Suryawanshi Snehal , Surase Om
Published: November 2023

Attackers are continuously coming up with new attack strategies since cyber security is a field that is continually changing. As a result, it’s important to update and enhance the system frequently to ensure its efficiency against fresh threats. Unauthorised entry, usage, or manipulation of a computer system or network by a person or programme is referred to as an intrusion. There are numerous ways for an incursion to happen, including using software flaws, phishing scams, or social engineering techniques. A realistic solution to handle the risks brought on by the interconnectedness and interoperability of computer systems is to use deep learning architectures to build an adaptive and resilient network intrusion detection system (IDS) to identify and categorise network attacks. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) or deep learning can help adaptive intrusion detection systems (IDS) with learning capabilities identify well-known and unique or zero-day network behavioural patterns, which can significantly reduce the risk of compromise. The NSL-KDD dataset, which represents both synthetically manufactured attack actions and real-world network communication activity, is used to show the effectiveness of the model. Model trained with this dataset to detect a wide range of attack patterns, which help in building an effective IDS.
Online Voting System by Using Three Step Verification
Authors: Sreenivasa N. , Agarwal Gopal , Jain Rishab
Published: November 2023

Voting systems are the backbone of every democracy and organization. India uses an offline voting systems which are inadequate and inefficient due to the need for a large man force, and longer processing time for publishing results. Therefore, to make the system effective, the changes are implemented in the systems that can avoid these disadvantages. The new approach eliminates the requirement of physical presence, reducing overall complexity. Online voting systems have emerged as a convenient and reliable way of conducting elections. The system has the potential to make the process more effective and increase voter participation. However, it also comes with challenges related to security and authenticity. Our research paper outlines the system that employs three levels of authentication to guarantee the authenticity and dependability of the entire voting procedure. The first level involves face verification, followed by Aadhar verification and then voter card verification.
A Survey on Sign Language Recognition and Training Module
Authors: Anjana Devi V. , Charulatha T. , Dharishinie P.
Published: November 2023

Communication among the deaf and non-verbal communities has long reliedon sign language recognition. From all researchers around from early electric signal-based sign language identification to more recent recognition using machine/deep learning techniques, the globe has tried to automate this process. The main objective of this research is Recognition of sign language based on key point detection (SLR).American Sign Language (ASL), primarily ASL pickle data, is the subject of this work. The model was trained using a variety of machine learning algorithms, including randomforest, support vector machine, and k closest neighbor. Lastly, utilizing evaluation criteria such as f1score, precision, and recall, the best model is chosen from the model testing. A straightforward GUI is created to collect user input, and the best machine learning model makes the forecast. Also, a Training tool is created for the purpose of learning the American sign language which will create a major difference for non-verbalcommunities
Human Activity Recognition by Edge Computing Based Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Jange Usha S. , Rajeshwari B.
Published: November 2023

Human activity recognition has become a hotly debated research topic due to its numerous important and futuristic applications, such as automated surveillance, automated vehicles, language interpretation, and human-computer interfaces. (HCI). Extensive and in-depth research has been conducted, and good progress is been achieved in this area of research. The proposed system is designed by taking health monitoring as an application and implemented on a Raspberry Pi board, which can be used for monitoring and surveillance purposes. The activities considered in our proposed work are standing, jogging, climbing upstairs, and climbing downstairs. The surveillance camera will watch people’s movements to see if they are performing the assigned job. We propose a CNN-based technique to recognize different actions. An alert will sound and the system will report that the person’s designated task has been disrupted if the camera determines that they are engaged in another activity.
Object identification and surveillance based on deep learning algorithms for quadcopters
Authors: Udapudi Prashant , Nagesh S. , Tapaskar Rakesh
Published: November 2023

Drone technology is evolving for the applications like surveillance, observation, rescue and control crimes, military, agriculture, civil and many more purposes. But these surveillance systems are monitored by human interaction so there may be some negligence and malfunction may happen due to lack of observation. The objective of the work was development of unmanned aerial vehicle and implementation of the deep learning, image processing tools in the quad-copter based surveillance system. Development of the quad-copter was done by using necessary components such as Arms and power distribution board with help of fasteners. And the brushless dc motors are fitted with electronic speed controllers. And the suitable propellers are fitted to the motors, from which thrust is obtained. The Arduino Uno microcontroller is used as flight controller with MPU6050. Sensor fusion concept coding was used for accelerometer and gyroscope for stable direction orientations of Aerial vehicle. Multiwii platform was used to build the flight controller for achieving desire rotation of motors as well as proper directions and speed. The receiver was installed in the quad-copter for wireless control with transmitter of 2.4 GHz range. And IP camera was used, from which the surveillance visuals are taken for monitoring. Battery of 2200mah capacity of 3 cells was used for power supply of whole system. The visuals were obtained in raspberry pi, the live video stream/images are processed with the deep learning tools i.e., Open CV, Tensor flow, yolo for effective surveillance.
Design and Analysis of Single Switch Double Enhanced Boost Converter for PV Applications
Authors: Ramprasath S. , Krishnakumar C.
Published: November 2023

This paper presents a systematic and analytical investigation of the non-isolated Single Switch Double Enhanced Boost Converter topology. In simple words combination of a DEC (Double Enhanced Circuit) With an ordinary boost converter. The proposed converter implements the output voltage increasing in geometric progression but with a simpler structure. There is one switch S, n inductors, (n + 2) capacitors, and (2n + 1) diodes in each circuit of the additional series. They also effectively enhance the voltage transfer gain in the power law. Steady-state equations were derived to examine the behaviour of the proposed converter. The proposed converter was designed for 100 W and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink, the simulation results demonstrate its effectiveness in terms of improved efficiency, reduced voltage stress, and enhanced power delivery to the load.
The Generators and Relations for Little q-Schur Algebra uk(3,5)
Authors: LIU Mingqiang , YANG Qian
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we investigate the presentation for little q-Schur algebra [see formula in PDF] at odd roots. The Poincaré-Birkhoff-Witt (PBW) basis of [see formula in PDF] is obtained through the basis of q-Schur algebra [see formula in PDF]. Then we present a new set for generators and relations for [see formula in PDF] by PBW basis.
Topological Uniform Descent and Judgement of A-Weyl's Theorem
Authors: SUN Chenhui , WANG Ning , CAO Xiaohong
Published: November 2023

In this paper, a-Browder's theorem and a-Weyl's theorem for bounded linear operators are studied by means of the property of the topological uniform descent. The sufficient and necessary conditions for a bounded linear operator defined on a Hilbert space holding a-Browder's theorem and a-Weyl's theorem are established. As a consequence of the main result, the new judgements of a-Browder's theorem and a-Weyl's theorem for operator function are discussed.
Uniform Convergence Analysis of the Discontinuous Galerkin Method on Layer-Adapted Meshes for Singularly Perturbed Problem
Authors: SHI Jiamin , LU Zhongshu , ZHANG Luyi , LU Sunjia , CHENG Yao
Published: November 2023

This paper concerns a discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for a one-dimensional singularly perturbed problem which possesses essential characteristic of second order convection-diffusion problem after some simple transformations. We derive an optimal convergence of the DG method for eight layer-adapted meshes in a general framework. The convergence rate is valid independent of the small parameter. Furthermore, we establish a sharperL2-error estimate if the true solution has a special regular component. Numerical experiments are also given.
Was wissen Sie über... „Bürokrankheiten”?
Authors: Schmid Eva C.
Published: November 2023

Liebe Leser, testen Sie Ihr Wissen und frischen Sie Ihre Kenntnisse auf. Bitte kreuzen Sie jeweils eine Antwort an. Viel Spaß beim Beantworten wünscht Ihnen HP Eva C. Schmid!
Mobilisieren statt Aussitzen
Authors: Corts Magga
Published: November 2023

Die vorgestellten Bewegungsübungen zielen auf Körperregionen ab, die durch langanhaltendes Sitzen und monotone Tätigkeiten besonders belastet werden. Da nicht jede Variante den Bewegungsapparat jedes Patienten gleichermaßen anspricht, wird ein Spektrum möglicher Übungen vorgestellt, aus dem nach vorheriger Untersuchung individuell ausgewählt wird. Zu den bewährten, im Artikel aufgeführten Übungen zählen Traktionszug Nacken, Spirale, Bogenspanner, Thoraxschraube, Diagonalzug, Drehsitz, Knie-Halte-Technik und Dachstellung Vierfüßlerstand – sie wirken auf mehrere Muskeln gleichzeitig und forcieren weniger die Dehnung eines Muskels, sondern mobilisieren die synergistisch zusammenarbeitenden Muskeln (Muskelkette).
Pedagogical concept and social environment matters: example from parents’ attitudes towards student-learning burden reduction policy and its influencing factors in China
Authors: Li Jian , Xue Eryong , Liu Chang
Published: November 2023

In many societies, parents’ perceptions play a key role in assessing the quality of education policy implementation, and the student learning burden reduction policy is the most discussed and influential education policy among K-12 education policies in China. However, there are few studies examining parents’ attitudes toward the student learning burden reduction policy and its influencing factors. In this study, we used nationally representative data and public opinion data to identify the factors influencing parents’ attitudes towards the student learning burden reduction policy. The. Hovland’s model of attitude change have been adopted in this study. Using factor analysis and structural equation modeling, we found that, for survey analysis results, a total of 83.2% of parents supported the implementation of student learning reduction policies. Parents’ educational/pedagogical and academic concepts, students’ academic burdens, and parents’ after-school service concepts had significant influences on parents’ attitudes toward the implementation of the student burden reduction policy. Our findings show how the social implicit environment in which parents live can shape their perceptions of the implementation of the student burden reduction policy.
Optimal routing for electric vehicles in hybrid charging networks
Authors: Jin Kun , Wang Wei , Li Xinran , Hua Xuedong
Published: November 2023

Charge-while-driving technology is a promising application in the future. A routing approach suitable for hybrid stationary and dynamic wireless charging networks is thus worth investigating. This paper aims to determine the optimal path with minimum generalized travel cost as well as provides charging policy recommendations for electric vehicle (EV) users. A hybrid charging network, including charging stations and wireless lanes, is constructed first. The generalized travel cost is then investigated to help EV users understand the complicated cost components. A dynamic programming algorithm is developed as the solution measure. Numerical experiments show that a higher level of wireless charging lane penetration can significantly reduce generalized travel costs, especially implicit costs such as travel time cost or stopping cost. EVs are more likely to prefer wireless charging modes when the value of the user's time and the cost of stopping is high. The methodology proposed in this study not only provides services to EV owners, such as navigation, but is also a useful tool for administrations wishing to direct incentives to facilitate the transition to more sustainable energy sources, as it quantifies the benefits of wireless charging for different network attributes.
Restoring neuronal iron homeostasis revitalizes neurogenesis after spinal cord injury
Authors: Geng Huimin , Li Zhiwei , Li Zheng , Zhang Yuqi , Gao Zhiliang , Sun Lei , Li Xingang , Cui Jiwei , Ni Shilei , Hao Jingcheng
Published: November 2023

Spinal cord injury (SCI) can lead to iron overloading and subsequent neuronal ferroptosis, which hinders the recovery of locomotor function. However, it is still unclear whether the maintenance of neuronal iron homeostasis enables to revitalize intrinsic neurogenesis. Herein, we report the regulation of cellular iron homeostasis after SCI via the chelation of excess iron ions and modulation of the iron transportation pathway using polyphenol-based hydrogels for the revitalization of intrinsic neurogenesis. The reversed iron overloading can promote neural stem/progenitor cell differentiation into neurons and elicit the regenerative potential of newborn neurons, which is accompanied by improved axon reinnervation and remyelination. Notably, polyphenol-based hydrogels significantly increase the neurological motor scores from ~8 to 18 (out of 21) and restore the transmission of sensory and motor electrophysiological signals after SCI. Maintenance of iron homeostasis at the site of SCI using polyphenol-based hydrogels provides a promising paradigm to revitalize neurogenesis for the treatment of iron accumulation-related nervous system diseases.
Love, actually
Authors: Leverenz Alaina , Bohanek Jennifer G. , Fivush Robyn
Published: November 2023

Individuals create both personal and culturally shared meaning through narratives; however, sparse research has
explored the specific ways in which individuals might use such cultural narratives in creating meaning from developmentally
important experiences. In this study, we examine how emerging adults narrate positive romantic relationships, both because
emerging adulthood is critical for the development of intimacy and because romantic relationship narratives are pervasive in
cultural media. Thematic analysis of 31 narratives from mostly European-descent students attending a private liberal arts
university in the Southeast US (mean age 19; 16 self-identified females) revealed three major narrative arcs, Love Grows,
Firecrackers and Fairytale, which varied in coherence, coda, and mutuality of the relationship, but
did not differ by gender. Further examination and discussion of these narratives suggest how emerging adults are making sense of
their first romantic relationships in ways that inform efforts to educate and intervene to promote healthy and positive
relationships.
Ground state of Rydberg-dressed Bose gas confined in a toroidal trap
Authors: Wang Lin-Xue , Yang Hong-Li , Liu Hui , Chen Si-Lin , Wang Ya-Jun , Zhang Xiao-Fei
Published: November 2023

The experimental realization of Rydberg dressing technology in ultracold atomic systems provides another superior platform for studying novel states of matter and macroscopic quantum phenomena. In this work, based on the mean-field theory, we have investigated the ground-state phases of a two-component Bose–Einstein condensate with Rydberg interaction and confined in a toroidal trap. The effects of the Rydberg interaction and external potential, especially the Rydberg blockade radius, on the ground-state structure of such a system have been investigated in full parameter space. Our results show that the Rydberg blockade radius, which can be regarded as another controllable parameter, can be used to obtain a variety of ground-state phases. More interestingly, it is found that for weak Rydberg interactions, the Rydberg blockade radius breaks the spontaneous rotational symmetry of the system, leading to the formation of a discrete unit cell structure. For strongly interacting cases, it can be used to realize different orders of discrete rotational symmetry breaking.
On separable states in relativistic quantum field theory
Authors: Sanders Ko
Published: November 2023

We initiate an investigation into separable, but physically reasonable, states in relativistic quantum field theory. In particular we will consider the minimum amount of energy density needed to ensure the existence of separable states between given spacelike separated regions. This is a first step towards improving our understanding of the balance between entanglement entropy and energy (density), which is of great physical interest in its own right and also in the context of black hole thermodynamics. We will focus concretely on a linear scalar quantum field in a topologically trivial, four-dimensional globally hyperbolic spacetime. For rather general spacelike separated regions A and B we prove the existence of a separable quasi-free Hadamard state. In Minkowski spacetime we provide a tighter construction for massive free scalar fields: given any R > 0 we construct a quasi-free Hadamard state which is stationary, homogeneous, spatially isotropic and separable between any two regions in an inertial time slice

t
=

c
o
n
s
t
.

all of whose points have a distance

>

R

. We also show that the normal ordered energy density of these states can be made

⩽

10

31

m
4

(
m
R

)
8

e

−

1
4

m
R

(in Planck units). To achieve these results we use a rather explicit construction of test-functions f of positive type for which we can get sufficient control on lower bounds on

f
ˆ

.
Geometry induced domain-walls of dipole lattices on curved structures
Authors: Siemens Ansgar , Schmelcher Peter
Published: November 2023

We investigate the ground state (GS) properties of rectangular dipole lattices on curved surfaces. The curved geometry can ‘distort’ the lattice and lead to dipole equilibrium configurations that strongly depend on the local geometry of the surface. We find that the system’s GS can exhibit domain-walls separating domains with different dipole configurations. Furthermore, we show how, regardless of the surface geometry, the domain-walls (DWs) locate along the lattice sites for which the (Euclidean) distances to nearest and next-nearest neighbors are equal. We analyze the response of the DWs to an external electric field and observe displacements and splittings thereof below and above a critical electric field, respectively. We further show that the DW acts as a boundary that traps low-energy excitations within a domain.