bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Altitude Influence on the Rare Occurence of Thrombosis on the Andes Plateaus
Authors: Drouet L. , Rodriguez A. Z. , Ergueta J. C. , Caen J. P.
Published: June 2019

The very low frequency of arterial thrombosis and atherosclerosis in the subjects living at high altitude in Bolivia led us to study on 200 subjects: the diet, blood lipids, coagulation factors and platelet functions in their own plasma or after filtration on Sepharose 2B followed by resuspension in their own plasma or in human fibrinogen solution plus non purified γ globulins.

Compared to European controls studied at sea level, Bolivian highlanders have – a normal calorie intake, but the fat ingested is essentially vegetal – a low cholesterol level (173 mg/100 ml±49) – a high triglyceride level (142 mg/100 ml±48) – clotting factors within the normal range – a poor fibrinolytic response to anoxia induced by venous stasis (152 mn/202 mn) — an increased platelet count (315,000/mm3±70) – a platelet liypo-aggregaljility witli ADP 0,8 μM (desaggregation occurs in more than 80 per cent of the subjects) with epinephrin (desaggregation occurs between 2,5 and 0,5 μM) but not with collagen. This hypoaggregability seems to be of plasma origin since gel filtered platelets aggregate better when resuspended in fibrinogen and γ globulins than in their own plasma.

The same difference is found if native highlanders are compared to Indian lowlanders who migrated to high altitude, especially in the young people (15/25 years). This difference can be related to the time spent at high altitude.

It is concluded that the particular behaviour of platelet and fibrinolysis of the native highlanders can be produced by a life-time adaptative process in the non native people.
Determination of pair correlation function in a weakly correlated weakly inhomogeneous plasma
Authors: Bose Anirban
Published: June 2019

In a weakly correlated inhomogeneous plasma, an equation of pair correlation function is obtained utilizing the Bogoliubov-Born-Green-Kirkwood-Yvon (BBGKY) hierarchy of equations. In this article, the pair correlation function has been calculated from the same equation in the weakly inhomogeneous limit by using a perturbative theory.
Variation in language experience shapes the consequences of bilingualism
Authors: Zirnstein Megan , Bice Kinsey , Kroll Judith F.
Published: June 2019

The use of two languages is common, but the circumstances that give rise to bilingualism are diverse. Recent discussions about the consequences of bilingualism have focused on how variation in language experience and use may differentially shape the engagement of cognitive control. In this paper, we illustrate the role of language variation in the observed consequences of bilingualism for language processing, language learning, and the neural mechanisms that support them. Like Green and Abutalebi (2013), we argue that the neurocognitive consequences of bilingualism are shaped by the specific ways in which the two languages are engaged. That process may reflect individual variation in cognitive control, experience with language regulation, and the influence of the environment in which the two languages were learned and are used actively. The emerging pattern is complex but systematic, with the influence of language experience sometimes revealed in behavior but often seen only in brain activity.
Language control and executive control
Authors: Wolleb Anna , Sorace Antonella , Westergaard Marit
Published: June 2019

In this paper, we review recent literature on the cognitive benefits of bilingualism and suggest that studies focusing on language processing can provide insights in the debate surrounding the “bilingual advantage hypothesis”. We argue that cross-language priming can be a useful research tool, because it recruits different types of abilities, some of which may not be language-specific. Specifically, we claim that the mechanism that allows speakers to correctly select the target language in cross-language priming may be the same that is needed in cognitive tasks to alternate between different sets of rules. We further argue that the choice of a specific linguistic structure is, by contrast, governed by processes that are purely linguistic in nature.
Neuroconstructivism to understand the effect of very preterm birth on language and literacy
Authors: Guarini AnnaLisa , Zuccarini Mariagrazia , Sansavini Alessandra
Published: June 2019

The preterm population is not characterised by an initial delay that recovers during development, but by atypical developmental trajectories, that can be understood through the neuroconstructivist approach. The neuropsychological profiles of very preterm infants show a great heterogeneity, depending on neonatal immaturity, medical complications, environmental, relational and social factors. The developmental trajectory of very preterm children is described in relation to the acquisition and consolidation of language and literacy from early infancy to adolescence. Indexes for early individuation of language and literacy delays, as well as for planning focused interventions, are discussed.
Risk for language delay in healthy preterm and full-term children
Authors: Resches Mariela , Pérez-Pereira Miguel , Cruz Guerrero Raquel , Fernández Prieto Montse
Published: June 2019

This study analysed the Risk for Language Delay (RLD) in a sample of healthy preterm children and a full-term control group. We collected direct and indirect measures of language development from 10 to 60 months, and we examined the influence of biomedical, cognitive and environmental variables over the RLD at 22, 30, and 60 months. While at the early ages there were not significant differences in the prevalence of RLD between preterm and full-term children, at 60 months receptive grammar delay was more frequent in the preterm group. Also, preterm children showed a higher instability in the prevalence of RLD over time. Lastly, cognitive development, maternal education and early expressive vocabulary were the most important factors to predict RLD.
The influence of maternal education on the linguistic abilities of monolingual Spanish-speaking children with and without Specific Language Impairment
Authors: Auza-Benavides Alejandra , Peñaloza Christian , Murata Chiharu
Published: June 2019

Many Spanish-speaking children from low socioeconomic status grow in families with low maternal education (ME), which may reflect differences in quality and quantity of children’s input. Lexical and grammatical abilities from these children are frequently confused with those of children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI). The aim of this research was to compare lexical and grammatical abilities in 400 monolingual children with and without SLI (aged 4;0 to 6;11) classified in ME groups. Analyses of variance revealed differences between ME groups. Regression analyses revealed that ME and age contributed to the greatest amount of variance in lexical but not grammatical abilities. The discussion is centered on the importance of considering ME as a distal factor that affects linguistic abilities.
Evaluation of narrative skills in language-impaired children
Authors: Balčiūnienė Ingrida , Kornev Aleksandr N.
Published: June 2019

The chapter presents our findings on a complex experimental comparative study of the narrative analysis of language-impaired and typically-developing monolingual Russian children. The data of storytelling and retelling according to wordless picture sequences were collected from specifically language-impaired preschoolers, dyslexic school-age children, and typically-developing peers. Then, following the methodology of the dynamic approach to narrative assessment, an impact of such factors as session, story complexity, and story mode on the measures of narrative macrostructure, microstructure, linguistic dysfluency, and language errors was estimated. The study provides evidence that the given extralinguistic factors significantly influence the narrative measures; namely, the language-impaired children, contrary to the typically-developing peers, tended to be significantly sensitive to the experiment session and the story mode.
The relationship between the lexicon and grammar in Spanish-speaking children with Down syndrome
Authors: Jackson-Maldonado Donna , Galeote Miguel , Guerrero María Fernanda Flores
Published: June 2019

A strong association between early vocabulary comprehension and production has been shown in typically developing children (TD), and there is robust evidence for a lexicon-grammar association. These relations have been inconsistent in children with Down Syndrome (DS). In this study, ten Spanish-speaking children with DS were observed for vocabulary comprehension, production and initial morphosyntax using a parental report, the Down-CDI. Results showed high individual differences and developmental patterns were not similar to the literature of children with TD. The relation between vocabulary size, composition, sentence length and complexity was inconsistent. Thus, some developmental patterns of TD children are similar in children with DS. There is an association between grammar and vocabulary at the general level, but not within specific components.
Rating of perceived exertion – a valid method for monitoring light to vigorous exercise intensity in individuals with subjective and mild cognitive impairment?
Authors: Stuckenschneider Tim , Rüdiger Stefanie , Abeln Vera , Askew Christopher D. , Wollseiffen Petra , Schneider Stefan ,   NeuroExercise Study Group
Published: June 2019

In rehabilitation settings, exercise intensity is often monitored with Borg's rating of perceived exertion (RPE). However, previous studies showed that severe cognitive impairment may limit the usability of the RPE. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between RPE and heart rate (HR), and to establish whether a target RPE can be used to achieve exercise intensity based on an individual's HR‐RPE in people with early cognitive impairment. 97 participants (74.7 ± 6 years) with early cognitive impairment completed an incremental exercise test. Of these, 54 were tested during a single, RPE guided exercise session. RPE and HR were monitored throughout. Correlations between HR and RPE were assessed using Spearman's correlation. Mean differences between measured HR and target HR were calculated and compared using a two‐way ANOVA with factors cognition and exercise mode. Bland–Altman plots were constructed to analyse the agreement between target and measured HR. HR and RPE correlated moderately with each other (p < 0.001; r = 0.555) and no differences between target and measured HR were observed. Bland–Altman plots revealed a mean difference of 1.2 bpm and a 95% level of agreement was between 24.4 and −22.1 bpm. No differences in rating accuracy were observed between different cognitive impairment levels nor between different exercise modes. Bland–Altman plots revealed some variance between the participants with almost half of them missing target HR by 10bpm or more. Therefore, the RPE should only be applied with caution and, if possible, with other measurements (e.g. heart rate monitors) to ensure that target intensity is reached.
Analysis of the skills of physics teacher candidates in designing simple Arduino-based physics experiments
Authors: Candra Yusro Andista , Pratama Hendrik , Wahyuni Maduretno Tri , Nur Hudha Muhammad
Published: June 2019

Physic teacher candidates are expected to have skills in developing practical tools which aim to improve students’ understanding of activities in the laboratory. This study aims to describe the ability of physics teacher candidates in designing simple Arduino-based physics experiments. This research is a descriptive study of the products of physics experiment courses. The product produced by the candidate of physics teacher after obtaining expert assessment in the correct category and feasible to use in learning with achievement score of average validity reached 87.8%. Based on the results of the observation and interview, it was found that physics teacher candidates who were highly motivated to conduct laboratory activities actively and physics teacher candidates had high curiosity skilled in making simple practicum tools for physics experiments.
Development and characterization of an atmospheric pressure plasma reactor compatible with spatial ALD
Authors: Zoubian F , Rabat H , Aubry O , Dumuis N , Dozias S , Muñozrojas D , Hong D
Published: June 2019

Dielectric Barrier Discharges (DBD) are widely used for atmospheric pressure plasma generation. The possibility of their adaptation in custom-made configurations makes them potential candidate to assist deposition processes. In fact, the increased need of high-quality thin films forces to improve the deposition techniques. New processes should be able to work in less constrained conditions such as atmospheric pressure rather than vacuum and to have faster deposition rates while respecting the same high quality of the deposited films. In this paper we present the development of a surface dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor to assist an atmospheric spatial atomic layer deposition process. The reactor was fabricated with 3D printing and the plasma was generated by a surface dielectric barrier discharge powered by a microsecond pulsed high voltage power supply. The dissipated power was measured for different configurations, and thanks to the micro discharges imaging, it was observed that the thickness and the shape of the dielectric barrier influenced the micro discharges distribution on the dielectric surface. The plasma reactor exhaust gas was chemically analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy and micro gas chromatography. The ozone concentration was determined as function of frequency of the power supply.
Model of the cathode region of a plasma photoelectric converter of concentrated solar radiation.
Authors: Gorbunov N A , Flamant G
Published: June 2019

A model of the cathode region of a plasma photoelectric converter of concentrated solar radiation in the regime of an open external circuit is considered. Plasma is analyzed in sodium vapor at a pressure of 104 -105 Pa. The necessary optical power is calculated for creating plasma in the state of Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (LTE), whose temperature is in the range 4000-4500 K. This temperature provides a small internal resistance of the plasma voltage source. A large value of radiative heat conduction coefficient ensures a small temperature drop between the central part and the plasma LTE boundary near the walls of the converter. The model of a Non-LTE zone near the wall of the cathode is analyzed to specify the boundary conditions in the energy balance equation for LTE plasma. The thermal non-equilibrium plasma model resulted in the electron temperature gradient in the Non-LTE zone. The energy losses of electrons in the ionization layer near the cathode are counterbalanced by the thermal conductivity of the electron gas. The specificity of the conditions under consideration consists in the non-local nature of the balance of the electron temperature in the Non-LTE zone.
A novel approach for the estimation of nanoparticle evaporation through the Method of Moments
Authors: Galleni F. , Strappaveccia F. , Ghedini E.
Published: June 2019

In this article the results of the application of two numerical approaches - the Method of Moments and the nodal method - for the prediction of the evaporation phenomena in the synthesis of nanoparticles are presented and compared, in order to evaluate the limits of the moment methods and to determine the usability of the method in plasma environments (i.e. high temperatures and steep gradients). Furthermore, a new closure term is introduced in the Method of Moments, in order to consider the disappearance of the particles due to the evaporation process. The Nodal Method is used as a benchmark for the Method of Moments.
Comparing farming income prospects for cocoa and oil palm in Asahan District of North Sumatera
Authors: Nasution S K H , Supriana T , Pane T C , Hanum S S
Published: June 2019

Oil palm, rubber, and cocoa are the top three leading plantation commodities in Indonesia which are usually mutually converted one to each other. Oil palm plantation area and production in Indonesia over the past five years tend to increase, while the cocoa plantation area and production tend to decrease. According to the business ownership status, most of the cocoa plantations are cultivated by smallholders, while most of the oil palm plantations are cultivated by large private plantations. In North Sumatra, the cocoa commodity is the most often converted into oil palm. One of the factors that affect cocoa lands conversion into oil palm is the income prospects. The income analysis and the compare means analysis were used to see whether there are significant differences between the average income of cocoa and oil palm farming. The results showed that there are significant differences between the incomes of cocoa farmers and oil palm farmers, where the prospect of oil palm farmers’ income is higher than the income of cocoa farmers.
Economic valuation of mangrove forests at Secanggang, Langkat
Authors: Jelita H M , Ginting R , Ayu S F
Published: June 2019

Mangrove forest is the main life-supporting ecosystem for organisms in coastal and marine areas. It got serious pressure as the impact of land conversion. The objective of the study was to analyse the total economic valuation of mangrove forest in Secanggang, Langkat. The number of samples is determined as many as 30 by using cluster sampling. Data were analysed using economic valuation techniques for calculating the total value of the mangrove ecosystem. Total economic value is carried out by interviewing each respondent to estimate economic value, namely the direct use value, the indirect use value, and the option value of the mangrove forest. The total economic value is IDR 22,497,463,608 per year. It is obtained from direct use value is IDR 4,662,525,000 per year, indirect use value amounted IDR 17,507,736,480 per year, while option value amounted IDR 327,202,128 per year. Direct use value comes from the benefits of the firewood, shrimp, fish, and crab utilization. For the indirect use value was obtained from retaining abrasion and provider of fishery resources, i.e. shrimp feed resource and the option value was obtained by calculating the value of biodiversity in the mangrove ecosystem.
Exploration of the potential of upland rice agribusiness development in South Konawe District, Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Taridala S A A , Abdullah W G , Tuwo M A , Bafadal A , Fausayana I , Salam I , Wahyuni S , Suaib
Published: June 2019

Upland rice potential needs to be explored from various aspects so that it can really contribute to the increase in national rice production. Potential of upland rice apart from the potential aspects of resources availability also needs to be explored from the social and economic aspects that were studied in the concept of agribusiness. Potential in resource and social were being investigated by the qualitative method, while potential in economics was being investigated by the quantitative method, namely R/C ratio analysis. The results showed: (a) The resources potential in the form of land availability and an increase of upland rice productivity in South Konawe District. Upland rice also has the advantage of adaptation in various agroecology, soil types, and types of plants in intercropping systems; (b) The social potential in the form of farmers’ knowledge and skills regarding upland rice cultivation which tends to the concept of organic farming, socio characteristics and social capital; (c) The economic potential in the form of higher prices for rice from upland rice than rice from lowland rice, limited market share, and high financial feasibility.
Factors affecting revenue of cocoa farmers in Biru-biru District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra
Authors: Pinem N F , Rambey R
Published: June 2019

One of the agroforestry patterns developed in Biru-biru sub-district is the combination of Cocoa and Mindi trees. Cocoa becomes the main crop while the mindi wood becomes a shade and a hedgerow plant that can be sold for wood as a building material. The objectives of research are to know cocoa agroforestry cultivation system, the level of productivity of cocoa and the marketing channel of cocoa commodity in Biru-biru District. Data collection was done through in-depth interview, questionnaire, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The number of respondents to be determined in accordance with the number involved in this activity. The technique of determining the sample to be interviewed is by snowball sampling. Data analysis was done by multiple linear regression with SPSS tool. Factor affecting income are education, age, length of business, time work a day, width of land, capital, price, production, institutional farmer, and quality of cocoa. The result of the analysis shows that the factors that have a significant effect on cocoa farmer’s income are capital and production. The cocoa marketing channel in Biru-biru sub-district is from farmers to collectors then directly to exporters.
Concentration of beef market in East Nusa Tenggara (ENT) Province, Indonesia
Authors: Nendissa D R , Anindita R , Hanani N , Muhaimin A W , Henuk Y L
Published: June 2019

Market concentration is an important indicator to see the market structure and level of competition in beef cattle industry. This study used data of farmers and traders from Kupang Regency, ENT Province, Indonesia to see market concentration, namely, Concentration Ratio(CR4), Hirschman-Herfindahl Index(HHI), Hannan-Key index(CPI), Rosenbluth index(IR) and Entropy index(IE). The results showed that the market concentration of beef cattle at the farmers level was categorized as perfect competition markets and market concentration at the level of traders was categorized as the oligopsonistic competition market. The market structure between farmers and traders in ENT made the income received by farmers is always low that is approaching or not even exceeding production costs. Therefore an accurate and transparent market information system is needed in ENT so that farmers are able to have bargaining power so as to obtain fair profits. Even though the income derived from the sale of cattle is low, the beef cattle farmers still survives in their business because they do their business as a job carried out from generation to generation to support their household economy. Beef cattle farming as a way of life is kept to fulfill the social and cultural demands of society in ENT.
Effect of Packaging Fillers Materials on the Quality of Papaya Fruit (Carica papaya I.)
Authors: Sigalingging R , Nasution H A , Rindang A , Ayu P C
Published: June 2019

Papaya is classified as a high economic value commodities, however it is perishable, easy to lose weight due to its thin skin and soft flesh and has a short shelf-life. Generally, the papaya transportation process in Indonesia is only conducted using a simple packaging method such as using papers or baskets to avoid wound on the fruit. Therefore, packaging improvement would provide a great advantage for papaya trading. This study aimed to determine the effect on papaya quality while packaged in different packaging fillers materials during land transportation using simulation. The results showed that the highest percentage of weight loss, mechanical damage and hardness after simulation at frequency of 1.5 Hz and 3 HZ were 6.74%; 71.48%; 4.23 gr/mm and 7%; 97.16%, 4.17 gr/mm respectively in RST3 treatment (plastic basket of straw filler in 5 hours simulation), while the lowest percentage after simulation at frequency of 1.5 Hz and 3 Hz were 0.14%; 30.95%; 2.86 gr/mm and 0.17%; 26.18%; 2.56 gr/mm respectively in NPT1 treatment (newspaper filling material in 1 hour simulation). The best packaging to reduce quality degradation in papaya using transportation simulation at the frequency of 1.5 Hz and 3 Hz was the plastic basket with newspaper filler.
Effect of bamboo strand length on oriented strand board
Authors: Iswanto A H , Idris M , Sucipto T
Published: June 2019

Utilization of non-wood material containing lignocellulose like bamboo Tali could be used for material in the manufacturing of oriented strand board (OSB). This research aimed to evaluate the effect of strand length on OSB quality made from Bamboo Tali. Strand length that used in this research was 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 cm. The size of the boards. thickness and density target were 25 x 25 cm2, 1 cm, and 0.7 g.cm−3 respectively. OSB was made in three layers with perpendicular strand direction for every layer. The ratio of face/core/back was 1:2:1. The resin used in this research was Isocyanate resin (H3M type) with 5% resin content and 98% solid content to bind the board. After mat-forming. Mat was pressed using hot pressing in 160°C for 5 minutes and 25 kg.cm−2 pressure. The results showed that almost all parameter of physical properties had fulfilled standard except moisture content. Furthermore, overall the parameter of mechanical properties had fulfilled JIS A 5908 standard. The trend of MOR and MOE showed that increasing of strand length caused of increasing those parameters, but the contrary trend occurred on internal bond.
Study on the convective drying of potato cube
Authors: Romauli N D M , Ambarita H
Published: June 2019

Drying is a conventional method of food preservation that removes sufficient number of moistures from the food so bacteria, yeast and molds cannot grow. There are several drying techniques can be found in industry such as convective drying and freeze drying. In this study a potato cube is taken into consideration of convective drying experimentally. A small-scale wind tunnel has been designed and fabricated. During experiment, the temperature and mass of the potato cube are measured and recorded. Temperature and velocity of the hot drying air are measured. In order to provide a better analysis computational fluid dynamic is also carried out. The heat and mass transfer analysis during the drying are presented. The results show that the average drying rate of the potato cube is 4.061 gr/hour. The present results can be used to support the necessary information on developing high efficient artificial drier.
Effect of bio activator use on corn cobs as a complete feed on performance and digestibility of local sheep
Authors: Arwinsyah  , Tafsin M , Yunilas
Published: June 2019

This study was conducted in Binjai City in two stages for 3 months. Stage I aims to determine changes in the chemical components of corn cobs which are fermented with various bioactivators. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The results of the diversity analysis showed the use of various bio activators significantly (P <0.05) on crude protein content and crude fibre content. Stage II aims to determine the response of local sheep that are fed complete based on corn cobs fermented on feed performance and digestibility. This study used 20 local rams with an average weight of 19.82 kg using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The results showed that corn cobs administration had a significant effect (P <0.05) on feed performance and digestibility. The highest income over feed ratio is found in the P4 treatment of Rp. 334,400. From this study it can be concluded that the best treatment is found in P4 treatment which has the lowest feed conversion value and the most economical IOFC value.
Addition of andaliman to shelf life of beef nugget
Authors: Hasnudi  , Mirwandhono R E , Siregar G A W
Published: June 2019

This study aims to identify the antimicrobial properties found in andaliman and test to the shelf life of beef nuggets containing andaliman. This study method uses an exploratory method which begins with andaliman extraction and identification of antibacterial compounds. The next stage is the manufacture of beef nuggets that are treated (0; 0.5; 1; 1.5) % andaliman. The observed research parameters included: phytochemical test and contamination test (microbiology). This study uses Factorial 4x3 Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors: factor 1: andaliman concentration and factor 2: shelf life. The result showed that Andaliman has antimicrobial properties. The 1.5% Andaliman concentration in beef nuggets (N3H0) has the best inhibitory power, because the andaliman beef nugget has the highest inhibitor when compared with other treatment.
The durability of OSB composite plywood with avocado, mahogany, and pine wood veneers against drywood and subterranean termites
Authors: Cahyono T D , Yanti H , Massijaya M Y , Iswanto A H , Uluputty M R
Published: June 2019

Biological decay agent is one threat should be anticipated when designing the building materials. This research is conducted to examine the composite plywood’s (comply’s) durability against drywood and subterranean termites’attacks. The veneers used are those made of Avocado (Persea americana), Mahogany (Swietenia mahogany) and Pine (Pinus merkusii) wood. Those three veneer types may be used to overlay the Oriented Strand Board’s (OSB’s) face and back part. The comply made then fed to both main biological decay agents in Indonesia, namely drywood termites (in the labouratory) and subterranean termites (grave yard test). The research results show that the comply’s durability is increasing against both drywood and soil termites respectively by 41.3% and 71.58%. This research shows that ME comply type (mahogany veneer, isocyanate adhesive) is the comply with the best durability against both biological decay agents’ attacks. This research result is expected to provide various benefits for material efficiency and energy conservation activity supports.
Study of the biogas technology adoption as a livestock waste management among smallholder farmers in Indonesia
Authors: Putra A R S , Czekaj T G , Lund M
Published: June 2019

The aim of this paper was to determine the factors influencing biogas adoption as a livestock waste management among smallholder farmers in Indonesia. The study emphasized the positive influence of farmer engagement on the technology transfer process. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia by involving 351 respondents who were smallholder practicing the Mixed Crops and Livestock (MCL) farming from 2013 to 2014. The results of Logit regression showed that the biogas technology adoption in Indonesia was influenced by attainment of formal education, women involvement in decision making, number of cattle in the household, household’s income, availability of biogas instalment funding, and the degree of connectedness to stakeholders in the agricultural technology transfer system. The study concluded that the availability of biogas installation funding and better engagement to the technology transfer stakeholders positively influenced the biogas technology adoption among MCL farmers.
Mapping of actual and potential land suitability for oil palm in several land unit using geographic information system
Authors: Rahmawaty  , Rauf A , Frastika S
Published: June 2019

The suitability land of oil palm in North Sumatra Province is important, especially in the lands that are often planted by the community. This study aimed to map the actual and potential suitability of the land for oil palm in Sei Bingai Subdistrict, Langkat, North Sumatra, Indonesia under the different land unit. This research was conducted from March to June 2018. The survey method was conducted to collect soil samples in the field. Land suitability classification (LSC) was evaluated based on the matching method. The Geographic Information System (SIG) was used to map the land suitability classes. The results showed that the land suitability classes for oil palm were marginally suitable (S3) on all land unit. There were no suitable (S1), moderately suitable (S2), and not suitable (N) classes were found in all land unit. There were several limiting factors in land suitability evaluation in the area, namely: the availability of water, erosion hazard, and root zone medium. The water availability (wa) was the dominant limiting factor in this area.
The effect of glue spreads and adhesive type on quality of laminated board from oil palm trunk
Authors: Hartono R , Iswanto A H , Sucipto T , Cahyono T D , Dwianto W , Darmawan T
Published: June 2019

The objective of this study was to analysis glue spreads and adhesive type on physical and mechanical properties of a laminate board from oil palm trunk and to obtain the optimum glue spread for each adhesive to manufacture laminate board. Adhesive used were polyvenil acetate(PVAc), urea formaldehyde(UF), and phenol formaldehyde(PF). Glue spread variation were 240, 260, 280 and 300g/m2. On this research, the lamina board consists of three layers. Upper and bottom layer made from the outer part of the oil palm trunks with dimension of 45cm x 5cm x 1cm, the middle layer made from the soft-inner part of oil palm trunks with dimension of 45cm x5cm x2cm and then compressed up to dimension of 45cm x 5cm x 1cm. The results will be compared with the JAS standard 243:2003. The results of this study showed that all of the physical properties fulfilled the standard of JAS 243:2003, except laminate board using PVAc adhesive. The other hand, all of the mechanical properties did not fulfil standard, except the value of MOR with treatment 240g/m2 using PF adhesive. The optimum quality in this study using PVAc, UF and PF adhesive using glue spread of 240g/m2, 280g/m2 and 240g/m2, respectively.
Formulation of instant porridge based on moringa leaves as a functional food for nursing mother
Authors: Pranowo D , Mustaniroh S A , Ihwah A
Published: June 2019

Female workers reach 43.3 million people nowadays, which 25 million are in the reproductive age. Based on Basic Health Research, the number of nursing mothers only 42% far below the target of 80%. This study is to make instant porridge formulations for nursing mothers. The materials are Moringa leaves, soy flour, banana flour, oats, palm sugar and skim milk. This research was arranged using Linear Programming Solver 1.9.4 to determine the best formulation based on nutritional adequacy rate for nursing mothers and hedonic test to determine the level of consumer preference for the product. The optimal porridge formulation is 5 grams Moringa leaves powder, 5 grams of soy flour, 20 grams of banana flour, 25 grams of oat, 22.5 grams of palm sugar and 22.5 grams of skim milk. The hedonic test is carried out on nursing women and productive age in the area of Temas, Batu, Malang Regency with the results of taste, colour, appearance and average texture worth four which means they like the product.
Characteristics of surimi gelfrom Oreochromis mossambicus in different aquaculture areas
Authors: Kurniasih R A , Darmanto Y S , Herawati V E
Published: June 2019

Gelling properties of surimi can be influenced by quality of tilapia meat. Meanwhile, the quality of meat can be influenced by aquaculture conditions and aquaculture areas. Hence, the objective of this research was to examine the quality of surimi with tilapia as raw materials cultivated in different areas. Tilapia cultivated in Sentani Lake, Rawa Pening Lake, and Wadas lintang Reservoir will be used for producing surimi in this study. The results showed that tilapia cultivated in Rawa Pening Lake can produce surimi with the highest gel strength and the lowest expressible moisture content than others (p<0.05). Rawa Pening Lake tilapia surimi has characteristics including gel strength of 842.68 ± 118.11 g.cm, whiteness 76.10 ± 0.83, expressible moisture content 13.96 ± 3.18%, hardness 0.31 ± 0.09 kg.f, and springiness 6.62 ± 0.41 mm. Based on the observation of microstructure by using SEM, it showed that Rawa Pening Lake tilapia surimi produces a denser and finer gel network. Therefore, Rawa Pening Lake tilapia could be used as the alternative raw material for surimi.
CPUE analysis of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) at the Sibolga Nusantara Fishery Port
Authors: Fadhilah A , Pulungan A , Soemaryono Y , Yusni E , Dewinta A F
Published: June 2019

The study aims to analyse the value of CPUE and the factors which influenced the Skipjack Tuna fishing production at the Sibolga Nusantara Fisheries Port (PPN). This research was conducted at PPN Sibolga, Central Tapanuli Regency. The research was conducted using a descriptive method with sample of 40 fishermen of purse seine vessels (ship captains) determined through purposive sampling technique. Data analysis techniques were carried out by using CPUE value analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that: (1) CPUE value of Skipjack Tuna landed at PPN Sibolga for a period of 6 years (2011-2016) experienced fluctuating decline and increase. The average CPUE value was 199.70 kg/trip. The highest CPUE value occurred in 2016 was 412.24 kg/trip and the lowest CPUE value occurred in 2015 was 32.70 kg/trip; (2) partially, the factors of the fisherman experience, the size of the ship, the power of the engine and the length of the trip had a significant effect on the skipjack tuna fishing production. Meanwhile, the amount of fuel did not have a significant effect. Trip duration was the dominant factor or had a strong influence in the fishing production of skipjack tuna.
Land suitability evaluation for oil palm plantations (Elaeisguenensis jacq) on Sitellu Tali Urang Julu, Pakpak Bharat District
Authors: Harahap F S , Sitompul R , Rauf A , Rahmawaty  , Harahap D E , Walida H
Published: June 2019

The Non-Forest Area is an outside of forest area which can be used for other reconstruction sector activities, one of them is for agricultural land area sector. At Sitellu Tali Urang Julu, Pakpak Bharat district, the potential utilized land for agricultural cultivation activities is largest and expecting will improve the welfare of local farmers. This research aimed was to determine the land suitability in Sitellu Tali Urang Julu, Pakpak Bharat district for oil palm plantation (ElaeisguenensisJacq). The research method was survey in Sitellu Tali Urang Julu, Pakpak Bharat. This research conducted by taking soil samples in field then analyzed in laboratory. The survey activities consist of 5 stages; there were pra-survey, main survey, soil analysis in Laboratorium and also processing data. The survey results showed that retention and nutrients availability were the most limiting factor on Non-forest area Sitellu Tali Urang Julu for developing oil palm plantation, moreover the regional air temperature should be considering. Actual land conditions that cultivated in Sitellu Tali Urang Julu Subdistrict is oil palm is 939.11 ha. Than potential area land that cultured in Sitellu Tali Urang Julu is: Oil Palm around 939.11 hectares, cannot be understood.
The evaluation of soil chemistry and soil physic on understudied of camphor trees (Dryobalanops aromatica Colebr)
Authors: Prasetyo H , Rauf A , Sabrina T , Hidayat B , Harahap F S
Published: June 2019

The Study of chemical characteristics and soil physics under tree stands Camphor (Dryobalanops aromatica Colebr) aims to evaluate the chemical and physical properties of the soil in influencing the growth and production of trees Camphor (Dryobalanops aromatica Colebr). This research was conducted at the Research and Technology Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture University of North Sumatera, The research was conducted from November 2017 to March 2018. The research used a survey method with sampling based on purposive sampling that is taking soil samples. The results showed that the characteristics of the land under lime stands varied considerably, is cation exchange capacity (low and very low), C-organic (low, medium, and high), soil texture (sandy clay and sand clay), pH (very acid ), and Ca-total (very low). The result of regression analysis showed that the real soil organic matter is directly proportional to the height and diameter of the lime tree trunk, while the real soil pH is inversely proportional to the height and diameter of tree trunks and the real exchange rates are directly proportional to plant height but not significant to the diameter of the stem.
Screening for disease resistance in rice varieties against bacterial panicle blight disease (Burkholderia glumae) in Northern Sumatra of Indonesia
Authors: Weny  , Safni I , Lisnawita  , Lubis K
Published: June 2019

In Indonesia, bacterial panicle blight (BPB) disease affecting rice caused by seed-borne pathogen, Burkholderia glumae has emerged as a serious problem in rice growing areas in several provinces in Java and Sulawesi since 2014, but not yet in Northern Sumatra. This pathogen is listed as a quarantine pathogen which has to limit the spread. Rice import from China, India and Philippines, where are the disease outbreak locations, is the main cause of the dissemination of BPB disease in Indonesia. As rice is the main staple food in Indonesia, significant crop losses have had huge impact to food security. Four of twenty-three bacterial strains isolated from infected rice fields of six districts in Northern Sumatra were identified as B. glumae on the basis of morphological, biochemical and molecular characterizations as well as pathogenicity assay. These four bacterial strains were tested on five rice cultivars in the green house.
Growth response and N uptake of two soybean varieties on inoculation of Bradyrhizobium sp. in Ultisol Binjai, Sumatera Utara
Authors: Selvia I N , Sahar A , Hasanah Y
Published: June 2019

Ultisol problem is having acidic pH which makes soybean difficult to grow and symbiotic with Brady rhizobium sp. To fixate N. The aim of this research was studied the growth response and N uptake of two soybean varieties on inoculation Brady rhizobium sp. in Ultisol Binjai, Sumatera Utara. This research used Ultisol Binjai with pH 4.5 which was carried out with a pot experiment in the research field of Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, using a Factorial Randomized Block Design with 3 factors. The first factor is Brady rhizobium sp inoculants consisting of without inoculant; BGR3 inoculant; and LP3 inoculant, the second factor is varieties consisting of Anjasmoro and Demas-1. The third factor is liming consisting of without liming and liming with a dose of 7.76 g/10 kg of soil (until pH 5.5). The results of the research showed that application of Brady rhizobium sp inoculant BGR3 was able to increase the N uptake of soybean in Ultisol with an acidic pH which was better than other inoculant. Shoot root ratio tended to increase in Anjasmoro without liming which were application of BGR3 inoculant about 14.15%.
Rice husk biochar application and the planting times effects on dry weight and water use efficiency of upland rice varieties
Authors: Mayly S , Rauf A , Hanum C , Hanum H
Published: June 2019

The objective of this study was to measure the effect of rice husk biochar application and the planting times on dry weight and water use efficiency of upland rice varieties at Zone D Oldeman Agroclimate in North Sumatra Indonesia. First factor as main plot was the planting times such as planting. Second factor as sub plot was upland rice varieties such as Batutegi, Inpago 4, Limboto, Situbagendit and Situpatenggang. Third factor as sub sub plot was type of rice husk biochar application such as no rice husk biochar (RHB), RHB, RHB + Chicken manure, RHB + EM4. Result showed that rice husk biochar (with chicken manure or EM4) increased upland rice dry weight (1-17%) and water use efficiency (17-25 %) in planting times of August and September and increased more higher in planting time of June and July about 17-25 %, 61-80 % respectively and rice husk biochar application decreased water use efficiency only in planting time of August. Batutegi and Inpago 4 varieties showed the highest dry weight and the highest value of water use efficiency were Inpago 4 and Limboto. Planting time of August or September showed the highest upland dry weight and water use efficiency.
Bacillus stratosphericus from Oryctes rhinoceros larvae as decomposer of oil palm empty fruit bunches
Authors: Marheni
Published: June 2019

The use of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) as a source of organic fertilizer in oil palm plantations copes with obstacles. The application of the OPEFB for breeding medium of Oryctes rhinoceros pests from egg stage to pupa and the composting period of organic material reach 12-16 months. In this study, it was found that the utilization of bacterial symbionts of O. rhinoceros larvae namely Bacillus stratosphericus, mixed with Trichoderma sp. And yiest was able to decompose OPEFB for 10 weeks. The resulting compost indicated a pH of 8.46 - 8.76 and a moisture content of 79.39 - 81.74%. The C / N ratio for the treatment of B. stratosphericus + Yeast, the treatment of B. stratosphericus + Trichoderma sp. And the treatment of B. stratosphericus + Yeast + Trichoderma sp. is 17.5, 13.3 and 14.7, respectively.The chemical compounds composition of OPEFB decomposed for 10 weeks with the addition of B. stratosphericus and Trichoderma sp as well as yeast ranged from 25.6 to 30.46% C-org, 1.81-2.07% N, 0.1-0.22% P, 2.54 - 3.68% K and 0.43 - 0.50% Mg.
Seed biopriming with indigenous endophytic bacteria isolated from Wakatobi rocky soil to promote the growth of onion (Allium ascalonicum L.)
Authors: Sutariati G A K , Khaeruni A , Muhidin  , Madiki A , Rakian TC , Mudi L , Fadillah N
Published: June 2019

The realization of sustainable agriculture requires continuous research which can reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. This research was carry out to obtain the potential indigenous endophytic bacteria isolated from onion planted on rock soil of Wakatobi district in Southeast Sulawesi. The study conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 9 isolates. Germination was recorded daily until 14 days. At the same time, isolates evaluated for their ability to solubilize phosphate, fix N and synthesize IAA. Results showed that the seed treatments using endophytic bacteria significantly increased viability onion seeds, in term of germination increases in germination percentage. Almost all endophytic bacteria isolate tested were able to solubilize phosphate, fix N and synthesize IAA. From this study, Ke03 isolates showed the best performance and were able to increase germination percentage, root length and number of onion roots reaching 145%, 46% and 78% respectively, as compared to controls. The ability of Ke03 isolates to increase onion germination correlated with the ability of this isolate to synthesize IAA (80.33 ppm). Further research is needed to evaluate whether this isolate is effective in increasing the growth and yield of onions in the field.
The effectiveness of cover crop and rhizobacteria as amelioration on ex-nickel mine soil southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Leomo S , Tufaila M , Adawiyah R , Rakian T C , Muhidin  , Alam S , Mudi L , Sutariati G A K
Published: June 2019

The ex-nickel mining area in Southeast Sulawesi is planned to be developed as the center of the economic activities. Concerns regarding the negative effect of the past nickel mining activities must be considered. This study aimed to develop technical improvements and recovery of soil fertility mining through phytoremediation. The study used a randomized block design (RBD) consisted of two factors. The first factor was application of rhizobacteria, consisting of two levels, i.e., without rhizobacteria (R0) and with rhizobacteria (R1). The second factor was cover crop types, consisting of four types viz; Centrosema pusbences Benth. (C1), Calopogonium mucunoides (C2), Crotalaria sp. (C3) and Amaranthus spinosus (C4), with three replications. The results show that the cover crop of Centrosema pubescens Benth, Calopogonium mucunoides and Crotalaria sp were able to improve the soil fertility.