bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Debt To Total Asset Ratio (DAR) dan Debt To Equity Ratio (DER) Terhadap Net Profit Margin (NPM) Serta dampaknya terhadap Harga Saham pada Perusahaan Elektronik di Bursa Efek Tokyo tahun 2007-2016
Authors: Andhani Destian
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Debt To Total Asset Ratio (DAR) Dan Debt To Equity Ratio (DER) Terhadap Net Profit Margin (NPM) Serta Dampaknya Terhadap Harga Saham pada perusahaan Elektronik Di Bursa Efek Tokyo Tahun 2007-2016.Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deksriptif assosiatif. Analisis data meliputi uji kelayakan data, analisis regresi, serta pengujian hipotesis secara parsial dan simultan.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa (1) pengaruh Debt To Total Asset Ratio (DAR)  terhadap Net Profit Margin (NPM) tidak berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan, (2) pengaruh Debt To Equity Ratio (DER) terhadap Net Profit Margin (NPM) tidak berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan, (3) pengaruh Debt To Total Asset Ratio (DAR) Dan Debt To Equity Ratio (DER) Terhadap Net Profit Margin (NPM) secara simultan dengan prob 0.102514 dan F-Statistic 2.332093 tidak berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan (4) pengaruh Net Profit Margin (NPM) terhadap Harga Saham berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan.
Analisis Tingkat Kesehatan Bank Dengan Metode RGEC (Studi Kasus PT.Bank BNI (Persero) Tbk )
Authors: Nufus Khayatun , Triyanto Fani , Muchtar Awaluddin
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana tingkat kesehatan PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk.            Penelitian ini diukur menggunakan pendekatan RGEC (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings, Capital) pada tahun 2013-2017. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif pada Laporan Keuangan BNI . Variabel dan pengukuran pada penelitian ini terdiri dari faktor Risk Profile, faktor Good Corporate Governance, faktor Earnings, faktor Capital.            Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kesehatan BNI pada tahun 2013 sampai dengan 2017 yang diukur menggunakan pendekatan RGEC dapat dikatakan bank yang sehat. Faktor Risk Profile yang dinilai melalui NPL, LDR, Cash Ratio  menggambarkan pengelolaan risiko yang telah dilaksanakan dengan baik. Faktor Good Corporate Governance BNI sudah memiliki dan menerapkan tata kelola perusahaan dengan sangat baik. Faktor Earnings atau Rentabilitas yang penilaiannya terdiri dari ROA mengalami kenaikan dan hal ini menandakan bertambahnya jumlah aset yang dimiliki BNI diikuti dengan bertambahnya keuntungan yang didapat oleh BNI. Dengan menggunakan indikator CAR, peneliti membuktikan bahwa BNI memiliki faktor Capital yang baik, yaitu diatas ketentuan Bank Indonesia sebesar 8%.
Respon Spektra Gempa Kota Yogyakarta, Surakarta Dan Semarang Berdasarkan Peta Gempa Sni 2012 Dan Peta Gempa 2017
Authors: Dwi Sungkono Kukuh Kurniawan
Published: September 2019

Saat ini peraturan tentang kegempaan yang mengatur tentang perencanaan bangunan ketahanan gempa terbaru adalah SNI 1726:2012, peraturan ini didasarkan pada peta gempa 2010. Pada tahun 2016 Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat membentuk “Tim Pemuktahiran Peta Gempa Indonesia Tahun 2017 Dan Penyiapan Pusat Studi Gempa Nasional”. Salah satu tugasnya adalah melakukan pemutakhiran Peta Hazard Gempa Indonesia 2010. Pada kota Yogyakarta, Surakarta dan Semarang, percepatan batuan dasar periode pendek (SS) dan dan periode 1 detik (S1) mengalami peningkatan dan penurunan. Percepatan batuan pada periode pendek dan 1 detik pada Peta Gempa 2017, didasarkan pada kondisi maksimal di area tersebut dengan rata-rata nilai minimum dan maksimum pada nilai percepatan batuan dasar. Spektrum respons desain SNI 2012 dan Peta Gempa 2017, kota Yogyakarta mengalami peningkatan signifikan pada kelas situs SE, SD dan SC. Pada kota Surakarta, pada kelas situs SD dan SC spektrum respons desain gempa anatara SNI 2012 dan Peta Gempa 2017 peningkatannya tidak signifikan. Dan pada kelas situs SE peningkatannya sangat kecil. Di kota Semarang, perubahan spektrum respons desain tidak berubah signifikan
The Price of Being International
Authors: Jiang Xiushan , Kim Dongbin
Published: September 2019

This study sought to examine whether international master’s recipients (IMRs) who graduated from U.S. institutions have different early career outcomes in major and job match, annual earnings, and career satisfaction from their counterpart domestic master’s recipients (DMRs). By analyzing combined datasets of National Survey of Recent College Graduates, this study found that IMRs were 2 times more likely than DMRs to hold jobs that are related to their master’s degree. On the other hand, IMRs faced an 8% earnings disadvantage as compared with DMRs. There was no statistically significant difference in job satisfaction between IMRs and DMRs. The policy implications for postsecondary institutions and the U.S. were discussed.
A Mutual Technique for Reconfiguration of Feeder Network by Optimal Locating and Sizing of Distribution Generator
Authors: Ramakrishna Kothuri , Banakara Basavaraja
Published: September 2019

Common technique has been discussed in this paper for the reconfiguration of feeder network by optimal location and measuring of Distribution Generator (DG) in electrical power system. The consolidated execution of both Biography Based Optimization (BBO) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) strategies are the curiosity of the proposed strategy. The optimization techniques are utilized for optimizing the optimum location and DG capacity for radial distribution network. The BBO algorithm requires radial distribution network voltage, real and reactive power for deciding the optimum location and capacity of the DG. Here, the input parameters of BBO are classified into sub parameters and permitted as the PSO algorithm optimization process. The PSO develops the sub solution with the assistance of sub parameters by issue synthesis. For identifying the optimum location and capacity of DG the BBO movement and mutation process is applied for the sub solution of PSO. At that point the proposed mutual technique is actualized in the MATLAB/simulink platform and by contrasting it with the BBO and PSO systems the effectiveness is scrutinized. The comparison results demonstrate the predominance of the proposed approach and affirm its capability to comprehend the issue.
Age and Gender Distribution of Benign Paediatric Odontogenic Tumor: Experience of 30 Cases in Dhaka City
Authors: Das Binay Kumar , Ahmed Mohiuddin , Haider Ismat Ara , Goswami Uday Kumar , Kamorzzaman Mohammad
Published: September 2019

Background: Odontogenic tumor can occur among children with the variation of different age and gender.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the age and gender distribution of odontogenic benigntumor originated in the oro-facial region among children.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was studied in the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Dhaka Dental College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2010 to June 2012 for a period of 2 and half year.Children below 18 years of age irrespective of gender, histopathologically diagnosed case of odontogenic tumours were included in this study. Diagnosis of those tumour was done by history, clinical findings and histopathological or cytopathological examination. The clinical, histopathological or FNAC findings were analysed.

Result: Among the total benign lesions 30 were odontogenic. In the total odontogenic tumour patients 9 cases were odontogenic keratocyst; 9 cases were ameloblastoma; 5 cases were ameloblastic fibroma; 3 cases were odontogenic myxoma and 4 cases were odontogenic fibroma.Among the patients with odontogenic tumours 15 were less than 10 years old and 15 were 10 to 18 years old. Odontogenic Keratocyst was the most common benign tumour (20.0%) cases among less than 10 years of age group. In 10 to 18 years of age group the most common reported benign tumour was Ameloblastoma (21.6%). Male and female ratio was 1.7:1. Among male Ameloblastoma was the most commonly detected benign tumour (17.1%). Among female childrenodontogenic keratocyst was the most reported tumour (18.8%).

Conclusion: In conclusion the most common odontogenic benign tumour are odontogenic keratocyst and ameloblastoma.

Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2019;5(2): 152-155
Determinants of Net Interest Margin of Commercial Banks in Vietnam
Authors: Hoang Trung Khanh , Vu Thi Dan Tra
Published: September 2019

This study provides an insight into the determinants of net interest margin (NIM) of commercial banks in Vietnam during the recession period. We employ secondary data collected from published audited consolidated financial reports of Vietnamese commercial banks from 2008, the year marking the outbreak of the global financial crisis, to the end of 2012. Altogether, the data constitute 175 panel-data observations. The regression using the ordinary least squares method yields the result that operating expense, management quality, risk aversion, and inflation rate have a positive effect on NIM, while the banking sector’s market concentration affects NIM negatively. Afterwards, some policy implications are derived from those findings to mitigate and put NIM under control, so that the efficiency of the financial intermediary system can be developed.
Suomalaisen taidekasvatuksen synnyillä opettaja Lilli Törnuddin matkassa
Authors: Muukka-Marjovuo Alma
Published: September 2019

Tässä katsausartikkelissa selvitetään kansainvälisen taidekasvatusliikkeen ideoiden ja kasvatustavoitteiden saapumista Suomeen 1900-luvun alussa Lilli Törnuddin taidekasvatusajatteluun linkitettynä. Lilli Törnudd (1862–1929) oli keskeinen suomalaisen taidekasvatusliikkeen alkuvaiheen vaikuttaja, joka edesauttoi taidekasvatusliikkeen ideoiden juurtumista Suomeen. Hän oli tuottelias oppikirjailija, piirustus- ja käsityöopettajien kouluttaja sekä Kouluhallituksen piirustuksen ja käsityön tarkastaja. Törnuddin didaktiikasta tekee ajankohtaisen sen yhteisöllisyyden lisäämiseen pyrkivät työskentelytavat, lapsikeskeisyyden ideaali ja oppiainerajat ylittävät työskentelyohjeet. Metatasolla Törnuddin tavoitteena oli tiedettä ja taidetta yhdistävän koulun perustaminen, ei ainoastaan piirustusopetuksen kehittäminen. Artikkelin lopuksi kirjoittaja pohtii Törnuddin taidekasvatuksen nykysovelluksia.
Dicas de resoluções práticas das razões trigonométricas com os ângulos notáveis
Authors: Fernandes Cícera , Silva José Gleison Alves da , Sousa Rosalide Carvalho de , Vasconcelos Ana Karine Portela
Published: September 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar e analisar uma proposta para o ensino das razões trigonométricas no triângulo retângulo dando ênfase aos ângulos notáveis, por meio de orientações menos pragmáticas e complexas do professor, com o intuito de gerar maior rapidez e praticidade no desenvolvimento do raciocínio do aluno ao buscar a solução da situação problema. Neste viés, foi realizado uma pesquisa bibliográfica da abordagem trigonométrica do triângulo retângulo de livros didáticos com autores renomados no Brasil, como Matemática Ciência e Aplicação de Iezzi et al., (2007), Matemática Contextos & Aplicações de Dante (2013), Matemática Completa de Giovanni e Bonjorno (2005) e Conexões com a matemática de Barroso (2010), objetivando encontrar suporte metodológico que corroborasse com a nossa pesquisa.  Portanto, os procedimentos metodológicos foram divididos em duas vertentes: no primeiro momento foram realizadas as explanações do assunto proposto sobre o direcionamento da metodologia de ensino Resolução de Problemas de Polya em duas turmas distintas, num segundo momento foram aplicadas duas avaliações, uma com o método clássico presentes em alguns livros didáticos analisados e outra segundo a proposta de nosso trabalho, numa vertente mais voltada para o estilo utilizados nos cursinhos, no qual se utilizam de dicas práticas e de fácil memorização, conhecida de modo prosaico por “Bizu”. As análises das avaliações dos alunos apresentaram os seguintes resultados: 63% de acertos na abordagem clássica e 88% de acertos na metodologia de nossa proposta, o que nos levou a fazer várias reflexões inerentes ao ensino e aprendizagem e as formas de repassar os conteúdos matemáticos, mais especificamente de razões trigonométricas.
O envelhecimento sob a ótica do ser idoso: uma abordagem fenomenológica
Authors: Nascimento Bianca Stéfany Aguiar , Pereira Eliel dos Santos , Lima Sara Fiterman , Silva Felipe Santana e , Santos Fernando Antonio da Silva , Filha Francidalma Soares Sousa Carvalho
Published: September 2019

Objetivos: compreender como os idosos significam suas transformações frente a temporalidade e a condição ontológica de Ser-idoso. Metodologia: Estudo exploratório-descritivo, qualitativo, de acordo com as pressuposições da abordagem fenomenológica em Heidegger. Resultados: Foram entrevistados 15 idosos, 11 do gênero feminino e 4 do gênero masculino, entre 61 e 89 anos, todos aposentados. A maior parte vive com familiares e são analfabetos. Os resultados extraídos das falas desvelou as seguintes unidades de significado: 1- Se reconhecendo idoso em sua existencialidade; 2- Existindo no mundo como idoso; 3- O envelhecimento e o ter-de-ser para a morte. Conclusão: A compreensão do envelhecimento sob a percepção do próprio idoso, para que sejam conhecidas suas reais necessidades e consequentemente se consiga intervir de maneira efetiva, gerando qualidade de vida. Dessa forma, é preciso reconsiderar a maneira de tratar o idoso, assim como a assistência prestada no âmbito da saúde e na sociedade como um todo.
Efeito fitoterápico de plantas medicinais sobre a ansiedade: uma breve revisão
Authors: Bortoluzzi Mariana Matos , Schmitt Vania , Mazur Caryna Eurich
Published: September 2019

A ansiedade é um dos sintomas mais comuns associados ao estilo de vida moderno. Em contrapartida, percebe-se o aumento pela procura de práticas integrativas e complementares como a fitoterapia para amenizar os sintomas associados à ansiedade. Dessa maneira, esse artigo tem por objetivo listar os fitoterápicos mais utilizados no tratamento da ansiedade. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura dos últimos 18 anos, onde foi pesquisado sobre o funcionamento e a aplicação de fitoterápicos e seus efeitos benéficos para promoção de saúde, especialmente na ansiedade. Entre os fitoterápicos de efeito carminativos estão a valeriana (Valeriana officinalis), hortelã (Mentha) e camomila (Matricaria chamomilla), Flor de Laranjeira (Citrus X sinensis), Erva Cidreira (Melissa officinalis) e Capim Limão (Cymbopogoncitratus) que podem tratar de dores agudas e serem sedativas, ainda, o maracujá (Passiflora edulis), e em casos de insônia inclui-se também espinheiro-branco (Crataeguslaevigata), e lúpulo (Humuluslupulus). Em relação aos compostos bioativos, a utilização de alimentos fermentados, de óleos essenciais – especialmente ômega 3, flavonoides, mostraram-se potenciais tratamentos alterativos para a ansiedade.
Apoio social, qualidade de vida e a percepção de mulheres praticantes de treinamento físico
Authors: Agostinho Brenda Kézia , Silveira Laura Menezes , Matioli Matheus Rozário , Bertazone Thais Mara Alexandre , Matias Vilson Donizete , Júnior Carlos Roberto Bueno , Stabile Angelita Maria
Published: September 2019

A qualidade de vida e o apoio social podem contribuir para o envelhecimento saudável e na motivação para prática de atividades físicas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o apoio social e a qualidade de vida relacionada a saúde (QVRS) e compreender as experiências de mulheres participantes de um programa de treinamento físico. Estudo transversal, exploratório e de desenho misto. O apoio social foi avaliado pela Escala de Apoio Social para a Prática de Atividades Físicas em Adultos e a QVRS pelo questionário Medical Outcomes Study – Item Short-Form Health Survey, versão 1. A amostra foi composta por 17 mulheres, com média da idade de 59,8 anos. A avaliação da QVRS mostrou escore médio superior a 80, antes e depois do início do programa de treinamento. A avaliação do apoio social, mostrou que a maioria das mulheres respondeu que “nunca” ou “as vezes” recebeu apoio de familiares e amigos para a prática de atividades físicas. As experiências relatadas evidenciaram melhorias nos aspectos físicos, emocionais e sociais. Este estudo indica que as mulheres possuem pouco apoio social para a prática atividades físicas e não houve melhora na QVRS. Por outro lado, a fala das mulheres mostrou melhora em vários aspectos da vida cotidiana.
A concepção de um curso musical virtual sob o olhar de um designer instrucional
Authors: Veloso Braian , Silva Milady
Published: September 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar o projeto do curso intitulado “Utilização de escalas pentatônicas na guitarra elétrica” a partir da perspectiva do designer instrucional. Trata-se de um curso inserido no âmbito da educação musical, voltado ao ensino de um instrumento específico, isto é, a guitarra elétrica. Ele possui aproximadamente 1 mês de duração e conta com atividades teóricas e práticas, utilizando-se de diferentes mídias e formatos. O ambiente virtual selecionado é o Moodle, por ser gratuito e contar com diversas ferramentas que tendem a contribuir para a qualidade da proposta em consonância com os diferentes estilos de aprendizagem dos alunos. No que concerne à metodologia, a fim de expor os dados e as informações atinentes ao design do curso, lançou-se mão do Mapa de Atividades. Ademais, para a apreciação teórica enfocada nas interferências dos ambientes interno e externo, optou-se pela análise SWOT. Por meio da realização deste trabalho, identifica-se que o curso é financeiramente viável e busca se destacar qualidade do conteúdo a ser oferecido, bem como pelo acompanhamento pedagógico. Assim, considera-se que, independentemente das interferências interna e externa, o projeto tem potencial para o mercado.
PENDIDIKAN INKLUSIF DI TINGKAT SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Murniarti Erni , Anastasia Nouf Zahrah
Published: September 2019

In 1994, it has been set Salamanca Statement and Framework for Action on Special Needs Education which contains about the importance of Education for all including education for children with special needs. In the development time, it was then born the idea of inclusive education is friendly public education for all children without exception. In Indonesia, 10 years ago, the Indonesian government has shown the attitude to education for children with special needs to enact legislation governing the national education system and also specifically on inclusive education in Indonesia. But along the way, there are still many schools that still not understand the concept, implementation, and strategies on the implementation of the inclusive education. The purpose of this paper is to explain theconcept, how the implementation and strategies that can be done in the implementation of inclusive education.Keywords : inclusive education, the concept of inclusive education, the implementation of inclusive education, inclusive education strategy
Turing-maskin
Authors: Printz-Påhlson Göran
Published: September 2019

Deras ödmjukhet kan vi aldrig efterlikna,mjuka tjänare av beständigare material:de lever flärdfritti komplicerade reläer och strömkretsar.
Assessing the Impact of Best Management Practices in a Highly Anthropogenic and Ungauged Watershed Using the SWAT Model: A Case Study in the El Beal Watershed (Southeast Spain)
Authors: López-Ballesteros Adrián , Senent-Aparicio Javier , Srinivasan Raghavan , Pérez-Sánchez Julio
Published: September 2019

Best management practices (BMPs) provide a feasible solution for non-point source pollution problems. High sediment and nutrient yields without retention control result in environmental deterioration of surrounding areas. In the present study, the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model was developed for El Beal watershed, an anthropogenic and ungauged basin located in the southeast of Spain that drains into a coastal lagoon of high environmental value. The effectiveness of five BMPs (contour planting, filter strips, reforestation, fertilizer application and check dam restoration) was quantified, both individually and in combination, to test their impact on sediment and nutrient reduction. For calibration and validation processes, actual evapotranspiration (AET) data obtained from a remote sensing dataset called Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) were used. The SWAT model achieved good performance in the calibration period, with statistical values of 0.78 for Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE), 0.81 for coefficient of determination (R2), 0.58 for Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and 3.9% for percent bias (PBIAS), as well as in the validation period (KGE = 0.67, R2 = 0.83, NS = 0.53 and PBIAS = −25.3%). The results show that check dam restoration is the most effective BMP with a reduction of 90% in sediment yield (S), 15% in total nitrogen (TN) and 22% in total phosphorus (TP) at the watershed scale, followed by reforestation (S = 27%, TN = 16% and TP = 20%). All effectiveness values improved when BMPs were assessed in combination. The outcome of this study could provide guidance for decision makers in developing possible solutions for environmental problems in a coastal lagoon.
Implication of Polyhistidine, a Novel Apoptosis Inhibitor, in Inhibiting Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Apoptosis in Boar Sperm
Authors: Song Tianzeng , Shi Yi , Wang Yangang , Qazi Izhar Hyder , Angel Christiana , Zhang Ming
Published: September 2019

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) released from Gram-negative bacteria binds to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and induces boar sperm apoptosis. Similarly, polyhistidine (pHis), a TLR4 agonist, can also bind to TLR4. We hypothesized that pHis could inhibit LPS-induced sperm apoptosis by competitively binding to TLR4 to then improve sperm quality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine whether pHis can inhibit LPS-induced sperm apoptosis and affect sperm quality. The results showed that the concentrations of bacterial colonies were significantly increased from 36 to 120 h under liquid storage conditions (p < 0.05); however, concentrations of LPS in boar semen showed a relatively constant trend (4.98 ± 1.55 EU/mL) following 120 h storage. The addition of 100 μg/mL pHis in the BTS extender significantly improved boar sperm motility and viability at 37 °C, and it significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited boar sperm apoptosis under liquid storage (17 °C) and at 37 °C incubation conditions. The co-treatment of LPS and pHis further confirmed that pHis played its role in inhibiting LPS-induced sperm apoptosis. In conclusion, our preliminary findings provide reasonable evidence that pHis could act as an inhibitor of LPS-induced apoptosis in boar sperm stored for longer periods of time. pHis might inhibit LPS-induced sperm apoptosis by competitively binding to TLR4. Nevertheless, further mechanistic studies are awaited to fully elucidate its potential implication in inhibiting LSP-induced apoptosis.
The Odyssey of Bioactive Compounds in Avocado (Persea americana) and Their Health Benefits
Authors: Bhuyan Deep Jyoti , Alsherbiny Muhammad A. , Perera Saumya , Low Mitchell , Basu Amrita , Devi Okram Abemsana , Barooah Mridula Saikia , Li Chun Guang , Papoutsis Konstantinos
Published: September 2019

Persea americana, commonly known as avocado, has recently gained substantial popularity and is often marketed as a “superfood” because of its unique nutritional composition, antioxidant content, and biochemical profile. However, the term “superfood” can be vague and misleading, as it is often associated with unrealistic health claims. This review draws a comprehensive summary and assessment of research performed in the last few decades to understand the nutritional and therapeutic properties of avocado and its bioactive compounds. In particular, studies reporting the major metabolites of avocado, their antioxidant as well as bioavailability and pharmacokinetic properties, are summarized and assessed. Furthermore, the potential of avocado in novel drug discovery for the prevention and treatment of cancer, microbial, inflammatory, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases is highlighted. This review also proposes several interesting future directions for avocado research.
Photooxidation of Emissions from Firewood and Pellet Combustion Using a Photochemical Chamber
Authors: Reyes Felipe , Vasquez Yeanice , Gramsch Ernesto , Oyola Pedro , Rappenglück Bernhard , Rubio María A.
Published: September 2019

The main emission source in Central and Southern Chilean cities is biomass combustion from residential heating and cooking due to old combustion technologies that are still widely utilized. In order to improve our understanding of biomass burning pollution and how it ages in the atmosphere, emissions from a pellet and wood stoves were studied with the aid of a photochemical chamber. Firewood combustion is an inefficient process that produces higher chamber loading of primary emission (gases and particles) compared to pellets. When these emissions are exposed to UV irradiation secondary particles are formed. However, with both fuels the secondary particle concentration was negligible with regards to the primary initial particle concentration. Observations show that when the initial mass is the same, firewood combustion emissions are more rapidly oxidized compared to emissions from pellet combustion. Particle aging evolution inside the chamber was evaluated using fragment tracer signals, via the mass fractions f44 vs f43 and f44 vs f60 triangles plots. For the same UV irradiation time, it was found that primary particles emitted form from firewood combustion show a slower aging rate compared to those emitted from pellet combustion, but this is due to high primary loading from wood combustion. Particle aging observed inside the chamber was similar to that found it in ambient urban air of Santiago de Chile in spring of 2011, indicating that chamber measurements can be a good indicator for some atmospheric processes. Levoglucosan, a well-known tracer for biomass combustion was also studied. It was found that wood stoves yielded higher levels than pellet stoves. This is due to the higher fuel combustion efficiency in pellet stoves, which yield low levoglucosan levels, making it difficult to use it for evaluation of the impact of pellet emissions on pollution.
Empirical Model of Thermal Comfort for Medium-Sized Cities in Subtropical Climate
Authors: Gobo João Paulo Assis , Faria Marlon Resende , Galvani Emerson , Amorim Margarete Cristiane de Costa Trindade , Celuppi Maria Cristina , Wollmann Cássio Arthur
Published: September 2019

The present study sought to elaborate an empirical model of thermal comfort for medium-sized cities in subtropical climate, based on a cross-sectional survey in the city of Santa Maria, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The research was based on the collection of meteorological, subjective and individual data collected simultaneously in August 2015, January and July 2016, which were submitted to multiple linear regression for the elaboration of the Bioclimatic Model for Subtropical Medium-Sized Cities (MBCMS). The proposed model was validated through a normality test, obtained by the measure of obliquity and kurtosis of the distribution, heteroscedasticity and covariance, as well as by the comparison between already traditional models in the literature, such as PET, SET and PMV, which were calibrated to the study area, and the results observed for MBCMS. The results presented high multiple R-squared and adjusted R-squared, 0.928 and 0.925, respectively, for the proposed model, as well as an F-statistic of 447.6. In the validation, the MBCMS presented R equal to 0.83 and an accuracy score 60% more efficient than the PET, SET and PMV indexes.
Impact of Fibroblast-Derived SPARC on Invasiveness of Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Drev Daniel , Harpain Felix , Beer Andrea , Stift Anton , Gruber Elisabeth S. , Klimpfinger Martin , Thalhammer Sabine , Reti Andrea , Kenner Lukas , Bergmann Michael , Marian Brigitte
Published: September 2019

Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a matricellular protein modulating cell-matrix interactions and was found up-regulated in tumor stroma. To explore the effect of high stromal SPARC on colorectal cancer (CRC) cell behavior and clinical outcome, this study determined SPARC expression in patients suffering from stage II and III CRC using a publicly available mRNA data set and immunohistochemistry of tissue microarray sections. Moreover, in vitro co-culture models using CRC cell lines together with colon-associated fibroblasts were established to determine the effect of fibroblast-derived SPARC on cancer cells. In 466 patient samples, high SPARC mRNA was associated with a shorter disease-free survival. In 99 patients of the tissue microarray cohort, high stromal SPARC in the primary tumor was an independent predictor of shorter survival in patients with relapse (27 cases; HR = 4574, p = 0.004). In CRC cell lines, SPARC suppressed phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and stimulated cell migration. Colon-associated fibroblasts increased migration velocity by 30% and doubled track-length in SPARC-dependent manner. In a 3D co-culture system, fibroblast-derived SPARC enhanced tumor cell invasion. Taken together, stromal SPARC had a pro-metastatic impact in vitro and was a characteristic of aggressive tumors with poor prognosis in CRC patients.
Cobalt-Based Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis: A Kinetic Evaluation of Metal–Support Interactions Using an Inverse Model System
Authors: Petersen Anna P. , Claeys Michael , Kooyman Patricia J. , van Steen Eric
Published: September 2019

Metal–support interactions in the cobalt–alumina system are evaluated using an inverse model system generated by impregnating Co3O4 with a solution of aluminum sec-butoxide in n-hexane. This results in the formation of nano-sized alumina islands on the surface of cobalt oxide. The activated model systems were kinetically evaluated for their activity and selectivity in the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis under industrially relevant conditions (220 °C, 20 bar). The kinetic measurements were complemented by H2-chemisorption, CO-TPR, and pyridine TPD. It is shown that the introduction of aluminum in the model system results in the formation of strong acid sites and enhanced CO dissociation, as evidenced in the CO-TPR. The incorporation of aluminum in the model systems led to a strong increase in the activity factor per surface atom of cobalt in the rate expression proposed by Botes et al. (2009). However, the addition of aluminum also resulted in a strong increase in the kinetic inhibition factor. This is accompanied by a strong decrease in the methane selectivity, and an increase in the desired C5+ selectivity. The observed activity and selectivity changes are attributed to the increase in the coverage of the surface with carbon with increasing aluminum content, due to the facilitation of CO dissociation in the presence of Lewis acid sites associated with the alumina islands on the catalytically active material.
New Frontiers: ARID3a in SLE
Authors: Garton Joshua , Barron M. David , Ratliff Michelle L. , Webb Carol F.
Published: September 2019

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a devastating and heterogeneous autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs, and for which the underlying causes are unknown. The majority of SLE patients produce autoantibodies, have increased levels of type-I inflammatory cytokines, and can develop glomerulonephritis. Recent studies indicate an unexpected but strong association between increased disease activity in SLE patients and the expression of the DNA-binding protein ARID3a (A + T rich interaction domain protein 3a) in a number of peripheral blood cell types. ARID3a expression was first associated with autoantibody production in B cells; however, more recent findings also indicate associations with expression of the inflammatory cytokine interferon alpha in SLE plasmacytoid dendritic cells and low-density neutrophils. In addition, ARID3a is expressed in hematopoietic stem cells and some adult kidney progenitor cells. SLE cells expressing enhanced ARID3a levels show differential gene expression patterns compared with homologous healthy control cells, identifying new pathways potentially regulated by ARID3a. The associations of ARID3a expression with increased disease severity in SLE, suggest that it, or its downstream targets, may provide new therapeutic targets for SLE.
Assessing Environmental Sustainability Using Ecological Limits Expressed as Mass Flowrates with the Inclusion of a Sustainable Time Perspective
Authors: Fitzpatrick John J. , Mullally Brian
Published: September 2019

This study explores the concept of ecological limits (ELs) for determining the sustainable extraction of natural resources and sustainable discharge of emissions. ELs are expressed as limiting mass flowrates and equations are developed and presented for their quantitative estimation. These include a sustainable time perspective term. This is a time duration that provides sufficient time for humans to adapt to the depletion of a resource stock or emission budget, e.g., the time for a number of human generations. Thus, even if a resource is utilised at a greater rate than its regeneration rate, it could be considered sustainable if the resource extraction rate is adjusted so that the stock continuously lasts for more than the sustainable timeframe. The application of this ecological limits concept is illustrated by applying it to assessing the environmental sustainability of global fossil fuel energy, specific water resources, and global fertilisers. Exceeding ELs can act as a warning signal and highlight those resources and emissions where actions need to be taken to bring their extraction and discharge rates to within the ELs.
An Application of Deep Neural Networks for Segmentation of Microtomographic Images of Rock Samples
Authors: Varfolomeev Igor , Yakimchuk Ivan , Safonov Ilia
Published: September 2019

Image segmentation is a crucial step of almost any Digital Rock workflow. In this paper, we propose an approach for generation of a labelled dataset and investigate an application of three popular convolutional neural networks (CNN) architectures for segmentation of 3D microtomographic images of samples of various rocks. Our dataset contains eight pairs of images of five specimens of sand and sandstones. For each sample, we obtain a single set of microtomographic shadow projections, but run reconstruction twice: one regular high-quality reconstruction, and one using just a quarter of all available shadow projections. Thoughtful manual Indicator Kriging (IK) segmentation of the full-quality image is used as the ground truth for segmentation of images with reduced quality. We assess the generalization capability of CNN by splitting our dataset into training and validation sets by five different manners. In addition, we compare neural networks results with segmentation by IK and thresholding. Segmentation outcomes by 2D and 3D U-nets are comparable to IK, but the deep neural networks operate in automatic mode, and there is big room for improvements in solutions based on CNN. The main difficulties are associated with the segmentation of fine structures that are relatively uncommon in our dataset.
Big Data Use and Challenges: Insights from Two Internet-Mediated Surveys
Authors: Rossi Elisa , Rubattino Cinzia , Viscusi Gianluigi
Published: September 2019

Big data and analytics have received great attention from practitioners and academics, nowadays representing a key resource for the renewed interest in artificial intelligence, especially for machine learning techniques. In this article we explore the use of big data and analytics by different types of organizations, from various countries and industries, including the ones with a limited size and capabilities compared to corporations or new ventures. In particular, we are interested in organizations where the exploitation of big data and analytics may have social value in terms of, e.g., public and personal safety. Hence, this article discusses the results of two multi-industry and multi-country surveys carried out on a sample of public and private organizations. The results show a low rate of utilization of the data collected due to, among other issues, privacy and security, as well as the lack of staff trained in data analysis. Also, the two surveys show a challenge to reach an appropriate level of effectiveness in the use of big data and analytics, due to the shortage of the right tools and, again, capabilities, often related to a low rate of digital transformation.
Segmented Thermoelectric Generator under Variable Pulsed Heat Input Power
Authors: Ruiz-Ortega Pablo Eduardo , Olivares-Robles Miguel Angel , Enciso-Montes de Oca Olao Yair
Published: September 2019

In this paper, we consider the transient state behavior of a segmented thermoelectric generator (STEG) exposed to a variable heat input power on the hot side while the transfer of heat on the cold side is by natural convection. Numerical analysis is used to calculate the power generation of the system. A one-dimensional STEG model, which includes Joule heating, the Peltier effect with constant properties of materials, is considered and governing equations are solved using the finite differences method. The transient analysis of this model is typical for energy harvesting applications. A novel design methodology, formulated on the ratio of the figure of merit of the thermoelectric materials, is developed including segmentation on the legs of the thermoelectric generator, which does not consider previous studies. In our approach, the figure of merit is an advantageous parameter to analyze its impact on thermal and electrical efficiency. The transient state of the thermoelectric generator is analyzed, considering two and three heat input sources. We obtain the temperature profiles, voltage generation, and efficiency of the STEG under pulsed heat input power. The results showed that the temperature drop along the semiconductor elements was more considerable when three pulses were applied, and when the thermal conductivity in the first segment was higher than that of the second segment. Furthermore, we show that the generated voltage and the maximum efficiency in the system occur when the value of the figure of merit in the first segment, which is in contact with the temperature source, is lower than the figure of merit for the second thermoelectric segment of the leg. The model investigated in this paper offers an essential guide on the thermal and electrical performance behavior of the system under transient conditions, which are present in many variable thermal phenomena such as solar radiation and the normalized driving cycles of an automotive thermoelectric generator.
Analysis of Vibration Frequency of Carbon Nanotubes used as Nano-Force Sensors Considering Clamped Boundary Condition
Authors: Natsuki Toshiaki , Urakami Kairi
Published: September 2019

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be used as atomic force microscope (AFM) probes since they are ideal tip materials with a small diameter, high aspect ratio, and stiffness. In this study, a model of CNTs clamped in an elastic medium is proposed as nanoscale force sensing AFM probes. The relationship between vibration frequency and axial force of the CNT probe clamped in an elastic medium is analyzed based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam model and the Whitney-Riley model. The clamped length of CNTs, and the elastic modulus of elastic medium affect largely on the vibration and the buckling stability of a CNT AFM probe. The result showed that the sensitivity to vibration increases as the applied loads increase. The critical load in which the vibration frequency decreases rapidly, moving to large ones with decreasing ratio of length to diameter of CNTs. The theoretical investigation on the vibration frequency of CNT loaded in the axial direction would give a useful reference for designing a CNT used as a nano-force sensor.
Fully Convolutional Single-Crop Siamese Networks for Real-Time Visual Object Tracking
Authors: Lee Dong-Hyun
Published: September 2019

The visual object tracking problem seeks to track an arbitrary object in a video, and many deep convolutional neural network-based algorithms have achieved significant performance improvements in recent years. However, most of them do not guarantee real-time operation due to the large computation overhead for deep feature extraction. This paper presents a single-crop visual object tracking algorithm based on a fully convolutional Siamese network (SiamFC). The proposed algorithm significantly reduces the computation burden by extracting multiple scale feature maps from a single image crop. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm demonstrates superior speed performance in comparison with that of SiamFC.
CFD Simulation of Pollutant Emission in a Natural Draft Dry Cooling Tower with Flue Gas Injection: Comparison between LES and RANS
Authors: Yang Guangjun , Li Xiaoxiao , Ding Li , Zhu Fahua , Wang Zhigang , Wang Sheng , Xu Zhen , Xu Jingxin , Qiu Pengxiang , Guo Zhaobing
Published: September 2019

Accurate prediction of pollutant dispersion is vital to the energy industry. This study investigated the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation of pollutant emission in a natural draft dry cooling tower (NDDCT) with flue gas injection. In order to predict the diffusion and distribution characteristics of the pollutant more accurately, Large Eddy Simulation (LES) was applied to predict the flow field and pollutant concentration field and compared with Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes (RANS) and Unsteady Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes (URANS). The relationship between pollutant concentration pulsation and velocity pulsation is emphatically analyzed. The results show that the flow field and concentration field simulated by RANS and URANS are very close, and the maximum value of LES is about 43 times that of RANS and URANS for the prediction of pollutant concentration in the inner shell of cooling tower. Pollutant concentration is closely related to local flow field velocity. RANS and URANS differ greatly from LES in flow field prediction, especially at the outlet and downwind of cooling tower. Compared with URANS, LES can simulate flow field pulsation with a smaller scale and higher frequency.
Investigation of Operating Parameters and Degradation of Photovoltaic Panels in a Photovoltaic Power Plant
Authors: Kudelas Dušan , Taušová Marcela , Tauš Peter , Gabániová Ľubomíra , Koščo Ján
Published: September 2019

Recently, the use of photovoltaic (PV) cells and the increase in the number of photovoltaic power plants has led to a detailed examination of their operating parameters. In this article, we discuss material and operating parameter influences on the performance and efficiency of photovoltaic panels in a photovoltaic power plant. The plant consisted of 3600 pieces of polycrystalline PV panels from Renewable Energy Corporation (REC) Solar (type REC 230AE) with a maximum power of 230 Wp. Parameter measurements were made three years after the power plant was started. The measured and computed data were statistically processed using multidimensional statistical methods where the relationships between input and output variables were examined, which was subsequently quantified by regression analysis. Using the ANOVA, the variability of the measured efficiency of the panels and the performance for individual years was examined. Efficiency has been found to increase significantly over the years. The reason for this is the statistically proven prevailing operating time of the PV power plant in conditions with lower temperature than standard operating conditions (25 °C). Ageing was not confirmed in optimal conditions and calculated efficiency was constant.
An Approach to Study District Thermal Flexibility Using Generative Modeling from Existing Data
Authors: Pajot Camille , Artiges Nils , Delinchant Benoit , Rouchier Simon , Wurtz Frédéric , Maréchal Yves
Published: September 2019

Energy planning at the neighborhood level is a major development axis for the energy transition. This scale allows the pooling of production and storage equipment, as well as new possibilities for demand-side management such as flexibility. To manage this growing complexity, one needs two tools. The first concerns modeling, allowing exhaustive simulation analyses of buildings and their energy systems. The second concerns optimization, making it possible to decide on the sizing or control of energy systems. In this article, we analyze, in the case of an existing residential neighborhood, the ability to study by modeling and optimization tools two scenarios of energy flexibility of indoor heating. We propose in particular a method allowing to rely on a varied set of data available to build the various models necessary for optimization tools or dynamic simulation. A study was conducted to identify the neighborhood’s flexibility potential in minimizing C O 2 emissions, through shared physical storage, or storage in the building envelope. The results of this optimization study were then compared to their application to the virtual neighborhood by simulation.
A Novel Method for Comprehensive Quality and Reliability Optimization of High-Power DC Actuators for Renewable Energy Systems
Authors: Deng Jie , Chen Hao , Ye Xuerong , Liang Huimin , Zhaia Guofu
Published: September 2019

To better qualify various uncertainties in design and manufacturing, as well as to understand the time-varying degradation process, a novel method of quality and reliable design and optimization for high-power DC actuators was developed in this study that considered relevant uncertainties in design, manufacturing parameters, and the degradation process. Orthogonal transformation was used to normalize heterogeneous uncertainties and the results were quantitatively described by the hyperellipsoid set model. On the basis of the uncertainty quantitative relationship, a fast substitution model was developed for high-power DC actuators with permanent magnet output characteristics of strong non-linearity and insufficient accuracy. The response surface method was used to derive the basis function, and the error between the practical measured values and the calculation values was modified by the radial basis function model. Afterwards, a life cycle global sensitivity analysis method was put forward to determine the design parameters when parameter degradation existed during the life cycle of high-power DC actuators. Then, an optimization model was established considering parameter uncertainties and reliability constraints, and the particle swarm algorithm was used to obtain the solution. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by a case study of high-power DC actuators in electric vehicles.