bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distinctive features for normal and crackles respiratory sounds using cepstral coefficients
Authors: H. Mohd Johari N. , Abdul Malik Noreha , A. Sidek K.
Published: March 2020

Classification of respiratory sounds between normal and abnormal is very crucial for screening and diagnosis purposes. Lung associated diseases can be detected through this technique. With the advancement of computerized auscultation technology, the adventitious sounds such as crackles can be detected and therefore diagnostic test can be performed earlier. In this paper, Linear Predictive Cepstral Coefficient (LPCC) and Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) are used to extract features from normal and crackles respiratory sounds. By using statistical computation such as mean and standard deviation (SD) of cepstral based coefficients it can differentiate between crackles and normal sounds. The statistical computations of the cepstral coefficient of LPCC and MFCC show that the mean LPCC except for the third coefficient and first three statistical coefficient values of MFCC’s SD provide distinctive feature between normal and crackles respiratory sounds. Hence, LPCCs and MFCCs can be used as feature extraction method of respiratory sounds to classify between normal and crackles as screening and diagnostic tool.
Multiband antenna using stacked series array for Ka-Band application
Authors: Nibir Rauful , Rafiqul Islam Md. , Hadi Habaebi Mohamed , Yasmin Sarah , Mukit Naimul , Rafiq Sarah , O Abdinasir S.
Published: March 2020

In this paper, a multiband stack series array antenna is designed in order to attain solutions for the future 28 GHz Ka-band application. Double layer substrate Technology is utilized to accomplish multiple resonant frequencies with higher data transfer capacities due to high bandwidth. The designed antenna is dependent on twofold layer consisting patches and resonators in different layers stacked together. The designed multiband antennas can resonate at single band of (28 GHz), dual band of (28 and 30 GHz) and triple band of (24.18, 26 and 28.453). The results achieved in the simulation are later fabricated and tested. The test result illustrates that the antennas have wide bandwidth, high gain and even higher efficiencies. All the proposed antenna configurations have demonstrated a decent possibility for 5G millimeter wave (mmwave) application.
Development of web-based surveillance system for Internet of Things (IoT) application
Authors: Noorjannah Ibrahim Siti , H. Hasan Basri A. , Liza Asnawi Ani
Published: March 2020

With the advancement of wireless technology, our dependency on smart system has increases to a higher level than before. Without doubt, integration between different technologies becomes inevitable in order create affordable surveillance system. This paper presents the development of with web-based surveillance system with a dedicated Android-based mobile application using a Raspberry Pi and its supporting components i.e., Pi-Camera, PIR motion sensor, Ultrasonic sensor, web-based mobile application. The designed system also utilizes Node-Red development tools as the platform to integrate all components of the system, MQTT as the communication protocol for data acquisition and ThingSpeak as the middleware. The proposed system can be implemented over the internet using any computer and mobile devices, at anywhere and anytime. The system can automatically stream live video viewed from the Android mobile application and the Raspberry Pi device can send an alert notification to users via email and SMS. The system can be one possible features in smart home system and is considered as an affordable solution, customizable and easy to implement in comparison with other commercial surveillance system products such as CCTV or IP Camera.
Frequency dependency analysis for differential capacitive sensor
Authors: Arfah Che Mustapha Nurul , H. M. Zahirul Alam A. , Khan Sheroz , Wong Azman Amelia
Published: March 2020

A differential capacitive sensing technique is discussed in this paper. The differential capacitive sensing circuit is making use of a single power supply. The design focus for this paper is on the excitation frequency dependency analysis to the circuit. Theory of the differential capacitive sensor under test is discussed and derivation is elaborated. Simulation results are shown and discussed. Next, results improvement has also been shown in this paper for comparison. Test was carried out using frequency from 40 kHz up to 400 kHz. Results have shown output voltage of Vout=0.07927 Cx+1.25205 and good linearity of R-squared value 0.99957 at 200 kHz. Potential application for this capacitive sensor is to be used for energy harvesting for its potential power supply.
26 GHz phase shifters for multi-beam nolen matrix towards fifth generation (5G) technology
Authors: Seman Norhudah , Suhaimi Nazleen Syahira Mohd , Chua Tien Han
Published: March 2020

This paper presents the designs of phase shifters for multi-beam Nolen matrix towards the fifth generation (5G) technology at 26 GHz. The low-cost, lightweight and compact size 0° and 45° loaded stubs and chamfered 90°, 135° and 180° Schiffman phase shifters are proposed at 26 GHz. An edge at a corner of the 50 Ω microstrip line Schiffman phase shifter is chamfered to reduce the excess capacitance and unwanted reflection. However, the Schiffman phase shifter topology is not relevant to be applied for the phase shifter less than 45° as it needs very small arc bending at 26 GHz. The stubs are loaded to the phase shifter in order to obtain electrical lengths, which are less than 45°. The proposed phase shifters provide return loss better than 10 dB, insertion loss of -0.97 dB and phase difference imbalance of ± 4.04° between 25.75GHz and 26.25 GHz. The Rogers RT/duroid 5880 substrate with dielectric constant of 2.2 and substrate thickness of 0.254 mm is implemented in the designs.
Integrated cmos rectifier for rf-powered wireless sensor network nodes
Authors: Raheem Esmail Alselwi Mohammed Abdul , Chiew Wong Yan , Mohammed Napiah Zul Atfyi Fauzan
Published: March 2020

This article presents a review of the CMOS rectifier for radio frequency energy harvesting application. The on-chip rectifier converts the ambient low-power radio frequency signal coming to antenna to useable DC voltage that recharges energy to wireless sensor network (WSN) nodes and radiofrequency identification (RFID) tags, therefore the rectifier is the most important part of the radio frequency energy harvesting system. The impedance matching network maximizes power transfer from antenna to rectifier. The design and comparison between the simulation results of one- and multi-stage differential drive cross connected rectifier (DDCCR) at the operating frequencies of 2.44GHz, and 28GHz show the output voltage of the multi-stage rectifier doubles at each added stage and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of rectifier at 2.44GHz was higher than 28GHz. The (DDCCR) rectifier is the most efficient rectifier topology to date and is used widely for passive WSN nodes and RFID tags.
Measuring the underwater received power behavior for 433 mhz radio frequency based on different distance and depth for the development of an underwater wireless sensor network
Authors: Ramdhan M.S Muhammad , Ali Muhammad , Effiyana G Nurzal , Ali Samura , M.Y Kamaludin
Published: March 2020

Underwater wireless sensor network (UWSN) important to enhance the widely use of the application of the Internet of things (IoT) for underwater. Uses of the acoustics base of wave propagations are the best ways to establish the UWSN. But the unpracticality of the hardware due to the size and cost has limited the application of UWSN. Radio frequency (RF) wave propagation is the best way to overcome this situation. Low frequency of the RF wave is proven feasible and suitable for underwater communication. 433 MHz RF were chosen to measuring the underwater received power behavior between the transmitter node and receiver node based on different distance and depth. HC12 transceiver module was used as a transmitter and spectrum analyzer with the telescopic antenna was used as a receiver. The received power give a good reading when the transmitter note was at 0.5-meter depth with a maximum operating range within 12 meters from the receiver.
Study and comparison results of the field oriented control for photovoltaic water pumping system applied on two cities in Morocco
Authors: Errouha Mustapha , Derouich Aziz
Published: March 2020

In this papier, a low-cost solar photovoltaic water pumping system based on an induction motor without the use of chemical energy storage is presented. In literature, we can find several Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithms, the choice of the algorithm is according to the nature of application. In this article, Variable Step Size Incremental Conductance MPPT method has been developed since it is fast and has less oscillations. The studied photovoltaic pumping system contains a centrifugal pump which is driven by a three-phase asynchronous motor. To control the water flow, the field-oriented control has been implemented. The control system is applied on two cities with different climatic conditions to evaluate their performance. The photovoltaic pumping system is developed using the MATLAB/Simulink software to discuss the results obtained. Consequently, the proposed MPPT based on the incremental conductance variable step shows good performances in terms of efficiency and tracking speed.
Developing a secured image file management system using modified AES
Authors: Gamido Heidilyn V. , Gamido Marlon V. , Sison Ariel M.
Published: March 2020

Images are a means to share and convey relevant data in today’s digital world. This paper presents an image file management system to provide a platform for distributing and viewing images in a secured manner. The shared image files are stored in the server in an encrypted manner to provide additional security to the owner of the file. A modified AES algorithm using bit permutation was used to encrypt the image files. Based on the experimental result, image files were successfully encrypted in the server and can only be decrypted by the intended recipient of the file providing an efficient and reliable way of exchanging images.
Review of the machine learning methods in the classification of phishing attack
Authors: Jupin John Arthur , Sutikno Tole , Ismail Mohd Arfian , Mohamad Mohd Saberi , Kasim Shahreen , Stiawan Deris
Published: March 2020

The development of computer networks today has increased rapidly. This can be seen based on the trend of computer users around the world, whereby they need to connect their computer to the Internet. This shows that the use of Internet networks is very important, whether for work purposes or access to social media accounts. However, in widely using this computer network, the privacy of computer users is in danger, especially for computer users who do not install security systems in their computer. This problem will allow hackers to hack and commit network attacks. This is very dangerous, especially for Internet users because hackers can steal confidential information such as bank login account or social media login account. The attacks that can be made include phishing attacks. The goal of this study is to review the types of phishing attacks and current methods used in preventing them. Based on the literature, the machine learning method is widely used to prevent phishing attacks. There are several algorithms that can be used in the machine learning method to prevent these attacks. This study focused on an algorithm that was thoroughly made and the methods in implementing this algorithm are discussed in detail.
Adaboost-multilayer perceptron to predict the student’s performance in software engineering
Authors: Firdaus Zainal Abidin Ahmad , Darmawan Mohd Faaizie , Osman Mohd Zamri , Anwar Shahid , Kasim Shahreen , Yunianta Arda , Sutikno Tole
Published: March 2020

Software Engineering (SE) course is one of the backbones of today's computer technology sophistication. Effective theoretical and practical learning of this course is essential to computer students. However, there are many students fail in this course. There are many aspects that influence a student's performance. Currently, student performance analysis methods just focus on historical achievement and assessment methods given in the class. Need more research to predict student's performance to overcome the problem of student failing. The objective of this research is to perform a prediction for student's performance in the SE using enhanced Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) machine learning classification with Adaboost. This research also investigates the requirements of each student before registering in this course. This research achieved 87.76 percent accuracy in classifying the performance of SE students.
Device simulation of perovskite solar cells with molybdenum disulfide as active buffer layer
Authors: Shakila Shamsuddin Ainon , Aznie Fahsyar Puteri Nor , Ahmad Ludin Norashikin , Burhan Ibrahim , Mohamad Salina
Published: March 2020

Organo-halide Perovskite Solar Cells (PSC) have been reported to achieve remarkably high power conversion efficiency (PCE). A thorough understanding of the role of each component in solar cells and their effect as a whole is still required for further improvement in PCE. In this paper, the effect of Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS2) in PSC with mesoporous structure configuration was analyzed using Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS). With the MoS2 layer which having two-fold function, acting as a protective layer, by preventing the formation of shunt contacts between perovskite and Au electrode, and as a hole transport material (HTM) from the perovskite to the Spiro-OMETAD. As simulated, PSC demonstrates a PCE, ŋ of 13.1%, along with stability compared to typical structure of PSC without MoS2 (Δ ŋ/ŋ=-9% vs. Δ ŋ/ŋ=-6%). The results pave the way towards the implementation of MoS2 as a material able to boost shelf life which very useful for new material choice and optimization of HTMs.
Modelling and analysis of a PV/wind/diesel hybrid standalone microgrid for rural electrification in Nigeria
Authors: Sofimieari Ibim , Mustafa Mohd Wazir Bin , Obite Felix
Published: March 2020

The scarce electricity supply in Nigeria is a key factor to the low industrial development in a country well-known for having the least electrification in Africa per capita. Presently, Nigeria employs four different kinds of energy such as coal, natural gas, hydro, and oil. Three of the four resources mentioned above used for the production of energy in Nigeria is connected with increasing emissions of greenhouse gas: natural gas, oil, and coal, with coal releasing the worst. This paper presents a model and analysis of PV/Wind/Diesel hybrid system for rural electrification in Kaduna state, northern Nigeria. HOMER (Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable) software tool was used for optimization and modeling of this work. Simulation results show that the PV/Wind/Diesel system with Battery storage is the most cost-effective system since it recorded considerable cost of energy and reduces CO2 emissions significantly.
Comparison of lightning return stroke channel-base current models with measured lightning current
Authors: Wooi Chin-Leong , Abul-Malek Zulkurnain , Khairul Hafizi Rohani Mohamad Nur , Bin Yusof Ahmad Muhyiddin , Nizam Md Arshad Syahrun , I Elgayar Ali
Published: March 2020

Electromagnetic pulse radiation produced around the lightning stroke channel has caused the disturbance to the microelectronic industry, especially to disturbance of high frequency to electronic systems. Lightning channel-base current function (CBC) characteristics and parameters determine lightning electromagnetic field (LEMF) results obtained on the basis of the used models. This paper evaluated and compared the measured lightning current and six lightning current-based channels models namely Bruce and Golde, Heidler, Diendorfer and Uman, Nucci, Pierce and Cianos and new current-based current (NCBC) models. In terms of the waveshape, among all the six lightning channel-based current models discussed, the models developed by Javor, Nucci and Diendorfer and Uman have showed a good agreement compared to the measured lightning current. In terms of 10-90% risetime and full width half maximum time (FWHM) comparison, NCBC and Nucci models have showed compatible comparison. However, Nucci model is not easily adjustable to different desired pulse-current waveshapes. On the other hand, NCBC model can be simplified, the values of lightning peak current and risetime can be chosen arbitrarily and independently from other parameters, and there is no need for the peak-correction factor, so that reduces the number of parameters. Therefore, the NCBC model was suggested to be used in the future in order to simulate much accurate return stroke model. This knowledge will contribute to the development of a new accurate and efficient return stroke model.
Modelling the recommendation technique for achieving awareness in serious game for obesity
Authors: Omar Muhammad Syafiq Bin Mohd , Ismail Marina , Diah Norizan Mat , Ahmad Suzana , Rahman Hayati Abd
Published: March 2020

Obesity among children is increasing alarmingly. Therefore it is crucial to instill the awareness about the danger of being obese to the children. To instill the awareness is a challenge. A good approach is required for the message to be accepted and conceptualized by the children. Serious game has been an important mechanism to assist the achievement of many serious purposes other than for entertainment and enjoyment. This paper proposes the implementation of content-based recommendation technique in serious game for obesity awareness among children. Several recommendation techniques for awareness had been studied and the content-based recommendation technique is found to be suitable to be implemented in games. The game was developed according to game development approach and fulfilled the game characteristics. For this preliminary study, 10 children participated in the experiment to determine the effectiveness of the game. The participants were given a pre-and post test to answer before and after playing the game. The result of the test shows that participants achieved the obesity awareness after playing the game. The content-based recommendation technique is applicable to be adopted in serious games to instill awareness in the players.
Comparative analysis on bayesian classification for breast cancer problem
Authors: Ibeni Wan Nor Liyana Wan Hassan , Salikon Mohd Zaki Mohd , Mustapha Aida , Daud Saiful Adli , Salleh Mohd Najib Mohd
Published: March 2020

The problem of imbalanced class distribution or small datasets is quite frequent in certain fields especially in medical domain. However, the classical Naive Bayes approach in dealing with uncertainties within medical datasets face with the difficulties in selecting prior distributions, whereby parameter estimation such as the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) and maximum a posteriori (MAP) often hurt the accuracy of predictions. This paper presents the full Bayesian approach to assess the predictive distribution of all classes using three classifiers; naïve bayes (NB), bayesian networks (BN), and tree augmented naïve bayes (TAN) with three datasets; Breast cancer, breast cancer wisconsin, and breast tissue dataset. Next, the prediction accuracies of bayesian approaches are also compared with three standard machine learning algorithms from the literature; K-nearest neighbor (K-NN), support vector machine (SVM), and decision tree (DT). The results showed that the best performance was the bayesian networks (BN) algorithm with accuracy of 97.281%. The results are hoped to provide as base comparison for further research on breast cancer detection. All experiments are conducted in WEKA data mining tool.
A critical insight into multi-languages speech emotion databases
Authors: Asif Ahmad Qadri Syed , Surya Gunawan Teddy , Fahreza Alghifari Muhammad , Mansor Hasmah , Kartiwi Mira , Janin Zuriati
Published: March 2020

With increased interest of human-computer/human-human interactions, systems deducing and identifying emotional aspects of a speech signal has emerged as a hot research topic. Recent researches are directed towards the development of automated and intelligent analysis of human utterances. Although numerous researches have been put into place for designing systems, algorithms, classifiers in the related field; however the things are far from standardization yet. There still exists considerable amount of uncertainty with regard to aspects such as determining influencing features, better performing algorithms, number of emotion classification etc. Among the influencing factors, the uniqueness between speech databases such as data collection method is accepted to be significant among the research community. Speech emotion database is essentially a repository of varied human speech samples collected and sampled using a specified method. This paper reviews 34 `speech emotion databases for their characteristics and specifications. Furthermore critical insight into the imitational aspects for the same have also been highlighted.
Peak load scheduling in smart grid using cloud computing
Authors: Hans Manoj , Jogi Vivekkant
Published: March 2020

In this paper present peak, energy management attainable is feasible by monitoring real-time readings of whole loads within the college premises victimization this schedule loads so energy saving is possible. Currently, cloud computing technology offer on-line real-time monitoring knowledge, we have a tendency to create project supported cloud computing application for energy management that is employed for monitoring real time consumption of electricity and load planning. With respect to monitoring knowledge, we have a tendency to be able to plot the load curves so it'll be useful in achieving optimum energy consumption for educational institute.
Image investigation using higher moment statistics and edge detection for recognizing abnormal skin
Authors: Afdhal Afdhal , Zulfikar Zulfikar , Zulhelmi Zulhelmi , Arif Teuku Yuliar
Published: March 2020

This paper discusses the recognition of skin abnormalities by investigating the images using high-level statistics and edge detection. Six images of skin diseases were analyzed using several statistical parameters, including high-level moments such as skewness and kurtosis. In comparison, some images from other categories such as animal, architecture, art, vehicle, food, people, and scenery have been analyzed as well. The results were compared to skin disease images. It is expected that the general pattern of statistical parameters can distinguish skin images against images from other categories. MatLab is used as a medium to calculate the values of statistical parameters. The mean and median of the skin disease image are much larger. Meanwhile, the standard deviation is the smallest compared to other categorical images. Almost all the analyzed images close to symmetry. Nearly all images category are distributed more leaning to the left, except for the images of the art category, which is slightly more leaning to the right. Moreover, the edge detection process has been done using the Sobel algorithm. The result, however, cannot clearly distinguish a skin's abnormality. This difficulty is because of the lack of accuracy in selection the intensity.
Frontal lobe and long-term memory retrieval analysis during pre-learning stress using EEG signals
Authors: AlShorman Omar Mahmoud , Alshorman Ahmad M.
Published: March 2020

This paper uses the EEG analysis to investigate the relationship between pre-learning stress, frontal lope and long-term memory in the brain. The stress on learning stage is a challenge, especially in academic life. Stress also on learning stage affects the retrieval or recall from the memory. Nowadays; there are many recent works have discovered the relationship between stress, learning and memory performance based on different techniques. Some of these techniques are biological methods. Moreover, these methods have discovered the effect of stress based on hormones levels such as cortisol, or based on physiological effects such as blood pressure. However, these techniques have given conflicting discoveries because of the instability of hormones and an extensive number of related elements. The main aim of this research is to discover the relationship between Pre-learning stress, frontal lope, and long-term memory retrieval using EEG signals. The experimental results indicate that there is a relationship between theta rhythm in the frontal lobe and long-term memory retrieval during Pre-learning stress.
IoT based temperature and humidity monitoring framework
Authors: Ab Rahman Rafizah , Hashim Ummi Raba'ah , Ahmad Sabrina
Published: March 2020

This study explored the use of Internet of Things (IoT) in monitoring the temperature and humidity of a data centre in real-time using a simple monitoring system to determine the relationship and difference between temperature and humidity with respect to the different locations of measurements. The development of temperature and humidity monitoring system was accomplished using the proposed framework and has been deployed at the data centre of Politeknik Muadzam Shah, where the readings were recorded and sent to an IoT platform of ATT M2X to be stored. The data was then retrieved and analysed showing that there was a significant difference in temperature and humidity measured at different locations. X The monitoring system was also successful in detecting extreme changes in temperature and humidity and automatically send a notification to IT personnel via e-mail, short messaging service (SMS) and mobile push notification for further action.
Reduction the electric field effect generated by high voltage on fiber optic cables using metal shielding
Authors: Abboud Izz K. , Nawaf Shahir F. , Dervish Mohammed H.
Published: March 2020

Because of the fiber optic cables have perfect resistant to weather and environmental effects they can be installed on or with transmission line towers for the power supply control and data communication. To avoid the damages of fiber optic cables, it is used shielded fiber optic cables. Due to the using of this shielding, the electric field that produced from transmission line will be effected .In this paper is studied and compared the influence of metal shielding of fiber-optic cable in the strong electric field which produced by a high voltage transmission line for various types of channel configuration. Based on the results obtained, the metal shielding of fiber optic cables will reduce the electric field strength that lead to good efficiency of communication through the optical cable.
Discovering rules for nursery students using apriori algorithm
Authors: Marufuzzaman Mohammad , Gomes Dipta , Rupai Aneem Al Ahsan , Sidek Lariyah Mohd
Published: March 2020

Over recent years, there has been a rise in the number of students completing nursery education in Bangladesh. However, in order to achieve a sustainable education goal, the dropout rate in education needs to be reduced. Therefore, this research worked on providing insights that would help to understand the possible causes of dropout from education. Since primary education is the starting point for every student, this research has been conducted on this part of education. The research used data obtained from a European country, Slovenia to use the insights of a developed country. The study was conducted using association rule mining where several mining rules were generated using the Apriori algorithm. The rules obtained had the confidence of 0.95 and support of 0.04. The result showed three major rules of dropping out children in nursery education and eventually helps to ensure higher education for all children.
Optimal design of a three phase magnetic flux leakage transformer for industrial microwave generators
Authors: Outzguinrimt Hamid , Chraygane Mohammed , Lahame Mouhcine , Oumghar Rajaa , Bouzit Ali , Ferfra Mohammed
Published: March 2020

This paper aims to get an optimal high voltage magnetic flux leakage transformer design of a three-phase shell type. Optimal design of transformer requires determination of design variables to optimize a particular objective and satisfying a set of constraints. The objective function is to minimize the total mass and reduce the volume of the transformer. This function depends on inputs, which are divided into optimization variables. Each optimization variable varies within a certain interval thus defining a global search space. It is within this space that we seek the optimal solution. The constraints: maximum and average current of magnetron anode are part of the problem in order to limit the overall search space. The results obtained indicate that the method has provided a global optimum. The computation time and cost of active material are much reduced compared with the conventional design results.
Design a compact square ring patch antenna with AMC for SAR reduction in WBAN applications
Authors: Mumin Abdul Rashid Omar , Alias R. , Abdullah Jiwa , Dahlan Samsul Haimi , Ali Jawad , Debnath Sanjoy Kumar
Published: March 2020

In this paper presents a compact square ring patch antenna with miniaturized AMC structure at 5.8 GHz for WBAN applications. To minimize detuning, keeping its radiation efficiency high and acceptable gain while keeping the SAR levels low for safety is a challenging task. One of the critical issues in WBAN antenna design is the size of the antenna for portable devices, because the size affects the gain and bandwidth. The AMC configuration decreases the back radiation and the effect frequency detuning results from the high loss in the human body. Furthermore, the AMC also increases the front-to-back ratio (FBR) of 15.3 dB. The proposed antenna has dimensions of 15.27×15.27×2.2 mm3 and provides a 404 MHz impedance bandwidth, with a gain improvement of 8.69 dBi and a 93.7% reduction of the initial SAR value. For this reason, the antenna is suitable for WBAN application in various fields, particularly in medical technology.
A design of wideband high-power 3-dB quadrature coupler using defected ground structure for status data transmitting system
Authors: Dinh The Anh Nguyen , Duc Long Hoang , Gia Duong Bach , Dancila Dragos
Published: March 2020

The paper presents a wideband 3-dB quadrature coupler designed for operation at 2 GHz. The presented coupler is based on a broadside-coupled suspended structure in combination with a proposed defected ground structure (DGS) allowing for high power, wide-band and improved harmonic suppression performance. The experimental results show 0.2 dB of insertion loss, return loss of better than 18 dB and isolation of better than 25 dB in the frequency range from 1.74 to 2.67 GHz. The proposed coupler is able to be integrated in the status data transmitting system, which is suitable for vessel monitoring. The fundamental characteristics of the implemented coupler have been measured and verified.
Interoperability framework for integrated e-health services
Authors: Amin M. Miftakul , Sutrisman Adi , Stiawan Deris , Ermatita Ermatita , Alzahrani Mohammed Y. , Budiarto Rahmat
Published: March 2020

As one of the country with largest population in the world, Indonesia is facing major challenge to serve people in various sectors, one of them is health sector. Utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has a strategic role in improving efficiency and expanding services access. The main challenge related to data interoperability is the ability to integrate and synchronize data sourced from health information (e-health) systems with different (heterogeneous) platforms. This research aims to build a framework to materialize data interoperability and information exchange among e-health systems. The interoperability is materialized by utilizing service oriented architecture (SOA) paradigm and is implemented using Web Service technology. Service oriented analysis and design (SOAD) is used as method in the system development at the analysis phase and designing phase to generate service portfolio which consisting of three levels: conceptual view, logical view, and physical view. This research intruduces Interoperability Matrix (IM) to describe the modules and entities that involved in the framework design. The framework resulted from this research can be used as reference in e-health systems development in variety of health care applications.
Ultra-low power 0.45 mW 2.4 GHz CMOS low noise amplifier for wireless sensor networks using 0.13-m technology
Authors: A. Z. Murad S. , Azizan A. , Hasan A. F.
Published: March 2020

This paper describes the design topology of a ultra-low power low noise amplifier (LNA) for wireless sensor network (WSN) application. The proposed design of ultra-low power 2.4 GHz CMOS LNA is implemented using 0.13-μm Silterra technology. The LNA benefits of low power from forward body bias technique for first and second stages. Two stages are implemented in order to enhance the gain while obtaining low power consumption for overall circuit. The simulation results show that the total power consumed is only 0.45 mW at low supply voltage of 0.55 V. The power consumption is decreased about 36% as compared with the previous work. A gain of 15.1 dB, noise figure (NF) of 5.9 dB and input third order intercept point (IIP3) of -2 dBm are achieved. The input return loss (S11) and the output return loss (S22) is -17.6 dB and -12.3 dB, respectively. Meanwhile, the calculated figure of merit (FOM) is 7.19 mW-1.
Kinematic variables for upper limb rehabilitation robot and correlations with clinical scales: A review
Authors: Mazlan Sulaiman , Rahman Hisyam Abdul , Fai Yeong Che , Salam Ksm Kader Ibrahim Babul , Huq Muhamad Saif
Published: March 2020

The paper presents a comprehensive review carried out to identify the kinematic variables used in upper body rehabilitation assisted by robotic devices to assess the motor impairment of stroke patients and investigates the correlation between the kinematic variables and the clinical scales. Twenty-nine kinematic variables have been studied from twenty-eight articles involving 738 subacute or chronic stroke patients. The movement of speed, distance, accuracy, peak speed, peak speed ratio and number of peak speed were found to be the most frequently used kinematic variables in the aforementioned studies. Seven out of twenty-eight included articles examined the correlations between the kinematic variables used with the clinical scales. Some kinematic variables seem to have a strong correlation with the clinical scales but most of the kinematic variables have a moderate or weak correlation value. The important kinematic variables for evaluating the motor performance during rehabilitation assisted by robotic devices have been discussed. A suitable selected set of kinematic variables and clinical scale can potentially enhance the correlation value, at the same time can predict the clinical score evaluated by physiotherapist during the rehabilitation program with a high degree of accuracy.
Singular value decomposition filtering in high-frame-rate cardiac vector flow imaging
Authors: Mozumi Michiya , Nagaoka Ryo , Hasegawa Hideyuki
Published: March 2020

Dysfunction of the left ventricle (LV) weakens the cardiac function and affects the physical activity. Echocardiagraphy has been used to visualize the blood flow dynamics and to evaluate the cardiac function. However, the signal processing to suppress the clutter signals should be employed. In this study, we employed the singular value decomposition (SVD) clutter filtering to obtain the cardiac blood speckle images. We also employed the adaptive thresholding metric to determine the proper cutoff values at each phase during the cardiac cycle. Moreover, we employed a depth-dependent SVD clutter filter for more accurate estimation of the cardiac blood echo signals. The 2D blood flow velocity vectors were estimated by applying the block matching method to obtained blood speckle images. The obtained results show that the proposed filter suppressed the clutter signals from left ventricular wall significantly, and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was improved from -0.5 dB to 13.8 dB by the proposed SVD clutter filtering.
Analysis of analog and RF behaviors in junctionless double gate vertical MOSFET
Authors: Kaharudin K. E. , A. F. M. Napiah Z. , Salehuddin F. , S. M. Zain A. , Roslan Ameer F.
Published: March 2020

The prime obstacle in continuing the transistor’s scaling is to maintain ultra-shallow source/drain (S/D) junctions with high doping concentration gradient, which definitely demands an advanced and complicated S/D and channel engineering. Junctionless transistor configuration has been found to be an alternative device structure in which the junction and doping gradients could be totally eliminated, thus simplifying the fabrication process. In this paper, a process simulation has been performed to study the impact of junctionless configuration on the analog and RF behaviors of double-gate vertical MOSFET. The result proves that the performance of n-channel junctionless double-gate vertical MOSFET (n-JLDGVM) is slightly better than the junction double-gate vertical MOSFET (n-JDGVM). Junctionless device exhibits better analog behaviors as the transconductance (gm) is increased by approximately 4%. In term of RF behaviors, the junctionless device exhibits 3.4% and 7% higher cut-off frequency (fT) and gain band-width product (GBW) respectively over the junction device.
Remote reading of electricity meters using PLC
Authors: Ahmadi Negin , Jahromi Zahra Khajenasir
Published: March 2020

The telecommunications platforms of the electricity industry, including optical fiber, wireless, radio and microwave, despite providing sufficient bandwidth to transmit power market data, have limitations and disadvantages that are particularly apparent in remote suburban areas. PLC technology provides such facilities relatively. So this paper aim is providing practical solutions for the transmission of electricity market meters data through this type of PLC. This paper examines how to transfer the data from the electricity market to the central server using a PLC telecommunications platform and a practical example at 132 kV. In this case, the appropriate option is PLC. In this paper, it has been shown that there is the possibility of sending market data onto the PLC platform in transient and over- voltage transmission lines, which so far seemed to be impractical. With the comprehensive implementation of this work in the country's electricity industry, especially regional electricity, a major step will be taken to create a smart grid for meter readings. Due to the successful outcome of the experiment, it is possible to easily connect the PLC, the availability of this platform in many posts, a large and new smart grid for reading electricity meter readings.
Induction motor harmonic reduction using space vector modulation algorithm
Authors: Zahraoui Yassine , Akherraz Mohamed , Fahassa Chaymae , Elbadaoui Sara
Published: March 2020

The vector control was proposed as an alternative to the scalar control for AC machines control. Vector control provide high operation performance in steady state and transient operation. However, the variable switching frequency of vector control causes high flux and torque ripples which lead to an acoustical noise and degrade the performance of the control scheme. The insertion of the space vector modulation was a very useful solution to reduce the high ripples level inspite of its complexity. Numerical simulation results obtained in MATLAB/Simulink show the good dynamic performance of the proposed vector control technique and the effectiveness of the proposed sensorless strategy in the presence of the sudden load torque basing on the integral backstepping approach capabilities on instant perturbation rejection.
Shielding effectiveness measurement of cement-graphite block in between 3.8 GHz to 6 GHz
Authors: Yeoh S. L. , Yee S. K. , T. J. Ong N. , Dahlan S. H. , Sia C. K.
Published: March 2020

Due to proliferation of electronic devices, the electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure affect human health in long term. On the other hand the operation electronic devices will be affected if the radiation level is too high. To reduce the radiation exposure, shielding is always used. Instead of building a shielding enclosure inside a building, it is more practical to improve the shielding capability of the building itself. Hence, this project intend to investigate the shielding effectiveness (SE) of cement added with graphite. Eight cement-graphite specimens with different percentages (0%, 3%, 7%, 11%, 15%, 19%, 25% and 30%) are prepared. They have been casted into the waveguide mold with size of 4.75 cm x 1 cm x 2.22 cm and taken for measurement directly. The SE measurement setup involve a pair of waveguide with frequency range of 3.8 GHz to 6 GHz and vector network analyser (VNA). Throughout the study, it is found that the percentage of graphite powder will affect the SE of the specimens. The SE is independent on its curing duration. More than 11% of graphite is needed to improve the SE of cement block in between 3.8 GHz to 6 GHz. The highest SE of 33 dB is achieved when the sample contains 30% of graphite with thickness of 1cm.
A 28 GHz high efficiency fully integrated 0.18 µm combined CMOS power amplifier using power divider technique for 5G millimeter-wave applications
Authors: Hasan A. F. , A. Z. Murad S. , Bakar F. A. , Z. A. Zulkifli T.
Published: March 2020

A 28 GHz power amplifier (PA) using CMOS 0.18 µm Silterra process technology for milimeter wave applications is reported. Maximizing the power added efficiency (PAE) and output power are achieved by optimize the circuit with power divider and cascade configuration. In addition, reverse body bias is also employed for realizing excellent PAE and power consumption. A three stage CMOS PA with power combiner is designed and simulated. The simulation results show that the proposed PA consumes 62.56 mW and power gain (S21) of 8.08 dB is achieved at 28 GHz. The PA achieves saturated power (Psat) of 12.62 dBm and maximum PAE of 23.74% with output 1-dB compression point (OP1dB) 10.85 dBm. These results demonstrate the proposed power amplifier architecture is suitable for 5G applications.
Corona fault detection in switchgear with extreme learning machine
Authors: Ishak Sanuri , Koh Siaw-Paw , Tan Jian-Ding , Tiong Sieh-Kiong , Chen Chai-Phing
Published: March 2020

Switchgear is a very important component in a power distribution line. Failure in a switchgear can lead to catastrophic danger and losses. In this research, a fault detection system is proposed with the implementation of Extreme Learning Machine (ELM). This algorithm is capable to identify faults in a switchgear by analyzing the sound wave generated. Experiments are carried out to investigate the performance of the developed algorithm in identifying Corona faults in switchgears. The performances are analyzed in time and frequency domains, respectively. In time domain analysis, the results show 90.63%, 87.5%, and 87.5% of success rates in differentiating the Corona and non-Corona cases in training, validation and testing phases respectively. In frequency domain analysis, the results show 89.84%, 83.33%, and 87.5% success rates in training, validation and testing phases respectively. It can thus be concluded that the developed algorithm performed well in identifying Corona faults in switchgears.
Mapping a hospital using OpenStreetMap and Graphhopper: A navigation system
Authors: A. F. A. Samah K. , Ibrahim S. , Ghazali N. , Suffian M. , Mansor M. , Latif W. A.
Published: March 2020

We present a mobile-based navigation system with the emphasis on the pedestrian navigation for Hospital Kuala Lumpur (henceforth, HKL) named as HKLNS. This practical research aimed to provide support and help for the people who come to the HKL. Despite having signages, layouts and other types of guidance to help them navigate, they might not be sure their current location and the destination’s paths. By using the OpenStreetMap (OSM) and Graphhopper API as a solution, it managed to help people to navigate the surrounding of the HKL. The findings showed that users were able to know their current location and the system generated the shortest pedestrian paths to the desired location using both mappings. The functionality testing and experimental results surrounding HKL demonstrated the effectiveness of this approach. The HKLNS was reliable based on the functionality and validation testing conducted towards 5 respondents with 5 different case study, in which it manage to reduce more than 50% time taken with the t-test result of 0.00041 (p0.05), indicated that the system was accepted.
The need of gamified assessment for engaging learning experience
Authors: Hawari Norhusyairi , Hidayah Mat Zain Nurul , Baharum Aslina
Published: March 2020

Gamification described as the use of game elements for purposes beyond games. As an extension of that, gamified assessment is defined as the use of gamification for assessment purposes. However, the traditional method of assessment remains the standard for student performance assessment, and this raises two assumptions. First, the current gamification implementation is still in its infancy. Thus, it is still unappealing enough for practical use. Second, there is a lack of study that brings forward the desire to have gamification implemented in the assessment. Hence, this study intends to explore the student’s perception of gamified assessment followed by their verdict, acquire the strength and weakness points of the existing implementation. In total, 86 students across several universities in Malaysia involved in this study. The present study implemented standard descriptive statistical methods for analyzing the data. The findings showed that there are needs for gamified assessment for an engaging learning experience. Besides, the results showed one of the earlier presumptions, which is the lack of study that points toward the student’s desire to have a gamified assessment. Keenly, the results of the study will emphasize the need for developing a rigorous gamified assessment model as a guideline to develop an application that engaging learning experience.
A lightweight security scheme for advanced metering infrastructures in smart grid
Authors: M. Salim Reza S. , Ayob Afida , Arifeen Md Murshedul , Amin Nowshad , Hanif Md Saad Mohd , Hussain Aini
Published: March 2020

Smart Grid (SG) enlarges the traditional power grid into a new dimension where millions of electronic devices relate to each other through Advanced Metering Infrastructures (AMI) network using information and communication technology (ICT). The integration of ICT to the traditional power grid opens the path for the adversaries to invade through various cyber-attacks. Resource constrained electronic devices connected in AMI with the SG claims for faster, low power, less processing time and overall lightweight security schemes to prevent the cyber-attacks and to make the grid secure from adversaries. In this paper, a lightweight security scheme has been proposed consolidating ChaCha20 data encryption method, chaos based key generation and public key-based authentication scheme. Mathematical analysis shows that the proposed scheme is suitable to be used in SGs in terms of low power, less processing time and high throughput which makes it lightweight and faster. This scheme also prevents any kind of timing attacks such as replay attack.