bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Świadomość ryzyka decyzji finansowych w gospodarstwach domowych o niskich dochodach
Authors: Potocki Tomasz
Published: September 2021

Celem artykułu jest ocena poziomu świadomości ryzyka, jak również określenie siły i kierunku wpływu wyniku w teście oceniającym jej poziom na wybrane skutki decyzji finansowych i postawy finansowe, wśród gospodarstw domowych o niskich dochodach z terenów wiejskich województwa podkarpackiego. Wyniki badań wskazują, że znacząca część respondentów ma bardzo niski poziom świadomości ryzyka. Wyższy poziom tej świadomości przejawiają osoby młodsze, o wyższym poziomie wykształcenia, z wyższym poziomem dochodów, prezentujące wyższy poziom wiedzy finansowej, jak również lepiej rozumiejące swoją sytuację finansową.
Struktura ramowa raportu zintegrowanego – wytyczne a praktyka wybranych przedsiębiorstw
Authors: Chojnacka Ewa , Bering Anna
Published: September 2021

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wytycznych zawartych w strukturze ramowej raportowania zintegrowanego oraz próba ich odniesienia do zakresu informacji ujawnianych w raportach. Wybór analizowanych spółek wynika z dążenia do porównania zawartości raportów polskich i zagranicznych jednostek działających w sektorze paliwowo-energetycznym o różnym doświadczeniu w zakresie przygotowywania raportu zintegrowanego. W artykule zastosowano takie metody badawcze, jak: krytyczna analiza studiów literaturowych, analiza treści raportów zintegrowanych, studium przypadku. W swoich raportach badane spółki prezentują różną zawartość treści w zakresie ocenianych obszarów, wynikających z ram koncepcyjnych sprawozdawczości zintegrowanej. W celu zwiększenia porównywalności informacji między podmiotami pożądane wydaje się zestandaryzowanie zakresu prezentowanych w raportach informacji.
Klasyczne modele twórczości organizacyjnej. Implikacje dla tworzenia i przechwytywania wartości
Authors: Bratnicka-Myśliwiec Katarzyna , Dyduch Wojciech , Bratnicki Mariusz
Published: September 2021

Współczesnym zadaniem zarządzania strategicznego jest poszukiwanie źródeł tworzenia wartości. Upatruje się ich w dynamicznych zdolnościach, unikatowym modelu biznesu, innowacjach, potencjale strategicznym organizacji czy przedsiębiorczości organizacyjnej. Niniejszy artykuł wychodzi z założenia, że pierwotnym źródłem tworzenia wartości jest twórczość organizacyjna jako podstawa do pozostałych procesów, mechanizmów i wyników. Stąd skupiono się na czterech klasycznych modelach: twórczości organizacyjnej, otoczenia miejsca pracy, modelu interakcjonistycznym oraz modelu twórczego działania indywidualnego. Artykuł jest wynikiem projektu naukowego pt. „Tworzenie i przechwytywanie wartości w organizacjach przedsiębiorczych”, finansowanego przez NCN (grant nr 2015/17/B/HS4/00935).
Motywowanie pracowników do zachowań kreatywnych – perspektywa kadry menadżerskiej
Authors: Moczydłowska Joanna M.
Published: September 2021

Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja działań motywujących pracowników do zachowań twórczych, podejmowanych przez polską kadrę kierowniczą. Artykuł składa się z części teoripoznawczej oraz empirycznej, zawierającej wyniki badań przeprowadzonych wśród 60 przedstawicieli kadry kierowniczej. Wyniki badań wskazują, że w znacznej części przedsiębiorstw pracownicy nie są zachęcani do wyrażania swojego potencjału kreatywnego przez narzędzia finansowe lub narzędzia te stosowane są w bardzo ograniczonym zakresie. W myśleniu menadżerów o motywowaniu do zachowań twórczych zaciera się granica między „motywowaniem do…” i „tworzeniem warunków do…”. Dominuje przekonanie, żeemanacja kreatywności stanowi naturalną, wewnętrzną potrzebę pracowników, zatem rola organizacji ogranicza się do stwarzania możliwości do działań twórczych. Jednocześnie respondenci w większości przypadków działania motywujące do wykorzystywania potencjału kreatywności ocenili jako mało skuteczne lub stwierdzili, że w ich środowisku pracy ich nie ma. Badani menadżerowie są świadomi wartości kreatywności pracowników dla organizacji, ale znaczna ich część nie odczuwa osobistej odpowiedzialności za zachęcanie podwładnych do zachowań twórczych.
Zwinne przedsiębiorstwo oparte na wiedzy
Authors: Włodarkiewicz-Klimek Hanna
Published: September 2021

Dynamika i nieprzewidywalność współczesnego otoczenia wymaga od przedsiębiorstw szybkiego reagowania i wykorzystywania pojawiających się krótkotrwałych okazji. Taką możliwość daje koncepcja przedsiębiorstwa zwinnego, które ze względu na specyfikę zasobów wewnętrznych oraz sposoby działania jest zdolne do szybkiego identyfikowania okazji i wykorzystywania ich dla własnego wzrostu i rozwoju. Artykuł ma na celu zaprezentowanie ewolucji koncepcji organizacji opartych na wiedzy w kierunku kreowania organizacji zwinnej. W opracowaniu wskazano warunki rozwoju zwinności współczesnych przedsiębiorstw, a także przedstawiono model zwinnego przedsiębiorstwa opartego na wiedzy. Artykuł ma charakter rozważań teoretycznych, prowadzących do strukturyzacji koncepcji zwinności przedsiębiorstwa oraz jej modelowego opisu.
Koncepcja empowermentu w zarządzaniu organizacjami
Authors: Czubasiewicz Halina , Grajewski Piotr
Published: September 2021

Artykuł prezentuje koncepcje empowermentu i możliwość wykorzystania jej w zarządzaniu organizacjami. Sformułowano w nim istotę empowermentu w fazie rozwiniętej oraz zidentyfikowano warunki funkcjonowania organizacji związane z wdrożeniem tej koncepcji do praktyki zarządzania. Zaproponowano identyfikację poziomu empowermentu w organizacji, co jest podstawą działań zmierzających do wykorzystania empowermentu w zarządzaniu organizacjami.
Rola kreatywności w analityce biznesowej w kontekście analizy danych marketingowych
Authors: Pawełoszek Ilona
Published: September 2021

Wraz ze wzrostem zainteresowania tematyką analityki biznesowej pojawiło się zapotrzebowanie na specjalistów z dziedziny określanej mianem „data science”, czyli nauki poświęconej danym i ich analizie (algorytmom, narzędziom i zastosowaniom). W dobie dynamicznego rozwoju i upowszechnienia technologii informacyjnej jest ona warunkiem koniecznym do funkcjonowania na rynku, o konkurencyjności decyduje natomiast kreatywne wykorzystanie dostępnych danych i technologii. Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu wskazanie możliwości i obszarów działań kreatywnych w procesie analizy danych. Działania te mają na celu stworzenie wartości dodanej dla firmy i klienta. Rozważania zaprezentowane zostały na podstawie standardowego modelu procesu analizy danych CRISP-DM a wnioski są poparte obserwacjami i doświadczeniami autora, nabytymi podczas realizacji projektu eksploracji danych marketingowych sieci sklepów sprzedaży detalicznej w Polsce.
PROGRAMA DE REABILITAÇÃO PARA A PESSOA COM FRATURA DA EXTREMIDADE SUPERIOR DO FÉMUR: ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Palma Magali , Teixeira Helena , Pino Hélder , Vieira João , Bule Maria José
Published: September 2021

Introdução: A fratura da extremidade superior do fémur, frequentemente decorrente de quedas em pessoas idosas, pode requer a intervenção cirúrgica e conduzir ao défice da capacidade de autocuidado, com comprometimento do equilíbrio, da marcha e diminuição da capacidade na realização das suas atividades de vida diárias.
Objetivo: Identificar os contributos dos cuidados de enfermagem de reabilitação para o autocuidado da pessoa com fratura do terço superior do fémur.
Metodologia: Estudo de caso que respeita as guidelines CAse REport, em que se apresenta o caso de uma pessoa com fratura da extremidade superior do fémur.
Resultados: Verificaram-se ganhos relativos à prevenção de complicações respiratórias e músculo-esqueléticas, aumento de força muscular, melhoria do equilíbrio, da capacidade funcional para o autocuidado, do conhecimento sobre medidas de segurança e técnicas adaptativas. Manteve-se um risco de queda elevado.
Discussão: Sugere-se um seguimento mais prolongado para avaliação dos ganhos obtidos a longo prazo e a pesquisa de fatores que possam contribuir para a redução do risco de queda.
Conclusão: A intervenção do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação na pessoa com fratura da extremidade superior do fémur é fundamental para a restituição da sua autonomia e da capacidade funcional.
Comparison of the adverse renal effects of different types of NSAID based on COX inhibition in patients with headaches
Authors: Yzeiri Havziu Drita , Gjorgjeska Biljana , Miftari Visar , Alili Idrizi Edita , Alija Gjylaj , Haxhiu Arlinda
Published: September 2021

Migraine is a common headache disorder that causes significant disabilities. Non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors (piroxicam, ketoprofen and ibuprofen) are most widely-prescribed NSAIDs treatment of headaches. Celecoxib is another NSAID therapy that has been approved in the last several years, with different mechanisms of action. The purpose of the study is to follow the renal function and comparisons of nephrotoxicity of different types of NSAID based on COX inhibition, in patients with cefalea-migraine that has been treated for a long period. Besides conventional markers of renal function (serum/urine creatinine determined by Jaffe's methods of enzymatic assay for urea in serum), we used nephelometry by β2 microglobulin (β2M) and photoelectric colorimetry for microalbuminuria in urine, to monitor glomerular and tubular functioning. Any history of kidney diseases was exclusion criteria to enter the study. The results show that the greatest deviations are observed in β2M in terms of its increase in all patients treated with piroxicam and ketoprofen, in 91.7% of the patients treated with ibuprofen, and in 50% of patients treated with celecoxib. The most frequent decrease was shown in creatinine values in urine, in 50% of the patients of piroxicam-treated group, 66.7% of the group treated with ketoprofen and ibuprofen, and 75% of the patients treated with celecoxib. Following the levels of specific biomarkers in urine we can recommend constant monitoring of renal functions during usage of different groups of NSAIDs and be careful while using analgesic-anti-inflammatory drugs. Keywords: adverse renal effects, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, migraine
Uterine artery pulsatility index as a relevant parameter in the prediction of preeclampsia
Authors: Pejkovska Ilieva Maja , Antovska Vesna , Kaeva Pejkovska Mirjana
Published: September 2021

Preeclampsia is a clinical syndrome that occurs in 5-10% of pregnancies with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. According to ISUOG (International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology), the use of the uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) is an important sensitive method in predicting the risk of preeclampsia.
This study is to emphasize the value of PI as a more relevant predictive parameter in the detection of preeclampsia in the second trimester compared to the presence of isolated uterine artery notch.
For the above purpose, 96 patients were examined at the University Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Skopje, divided into 2 groups: study and control group. The study group consisted of 48 patients from 14 to 20 gestational weeks with present uterine artery notch, being the main inclusion criterion. The control group consisted of 48 pregnant patients at the same gestational age with absence of uterine artery notch.
In the study group, 43.7% developed clinical syndrome of preeclampsia. The resistance index (RI) value was up to 0.73 and the predictive value of the RI was 57.1%. In patients who developed preeclampsia syndrome, the value of the PI above 1.75 was of much greater predictive value, with value of 71.4%. The sensitivity of these values was 88%, which is a reliable parameter.
PI is a reliable parameter in detecting the risk of developing preeclampsia and an indicator of great clinical significance in the daily practice in perinatology.

Keywords: preeclampsia; prediction; pulsatility index
Geometrik düşünme düzeyleri ile ilgili tezlerin betimsel içerik analizi
Authors: KEDİKLİ Diler , KATRANCI Yasemin
Published: September 2021

Geometrik düşünme, geometri öğretimi alanında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Geometrik düşünmenin düzeyleri Van Hiele teorisi ile belirlenmiş ve birçok araştırmaya konu olmuştur. Alanyazındaki çalışmaların nasıl bir çerçeve oluşturduğunun ve güncel eğilimlerin belirlenmesi amacıyla bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki geometrik düşünme düzeyleri ile ilgili lisansüstü tezlerin betimsel içerik analizinin yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi, “geometrik düşünme düzeyleri”, “geometri anlama” ve “Van Hiele” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak taranmıştır. Bu bağlamda, 2005-2019 yılları arasında yayınlanan ve erişime açık olan 71 teze ulaşılmıştır. Tezler doküman inceleme tekniği ile incelenmiştir. Ardından verilerin içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Bulgular 11 kategori altında düzenlenerek frekans ve yüzdeler halinde tablolarda sunulmuştur. Çalışmanın bulgularından hareketle konuya ilişkin yüksek lisans tez sayısının doktora tezlerine kıyasla fazla olduğu ve tezlerin belirli üniversitelerle sınırlı olduğu görülmüştür. Tezler yaygın olarak ilköğretim ana bilim dalına bağlı programlarda yürütülmüştür. Çalışmalarda genellikle 100 kişiye kadar olan örneklem büyüklüğü tercih edilmiştir. Örneklem grubu genelde ilköğretim öğrencilerinden seçilmiştir. Spesifik bir geometri konusundan ziyade geometri bütün olarak çalışılmış ve öğrencilerin geometrik düşünme becerilerinin yanında başarı, tutum gibi bilişsel ve duyuşsal özellikler de incelenmiştir. Yüksek lisans tezlerinde nicel, doktora tezlerinde ise nitel desen daha fazla tercih edilmiştir. En çok tercih edilen ölçme aracı ise testlerdir. Veriler analiz edilirken çoğunlukla kestirimsel tekniklerin kullanıldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Undergraduates' perspectives on online education
Authors: ÜNALDI İhsan , KAÇMAZ Ercan , BAYKARA Tuba
Published: September 2021

With the abrupt emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, all the parties involved in higher education were caught unprepared for online education. The current study focuses on undergraduate students' ideas about the problems that have emerged during the pandemic. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected with a mixed-method research paradigm to answer the related research question. In the quantitative dimension, an online survey was applied to 154 undergraduate students at a state university in Turkey, and the results were analyzed descriptively. To collect qualitative data, a focus group interview was carried out with eight students from the same group. The quantitative analysis results revealed similar results with the recent related literature. The results revealed that, while a general satisfaction with online education resides among the participants, infrastructure problems were the major impediment in online education, and the workloads of the participants seem to have increased since the beginning of the pandemic. In addition to this, qualitative data analyses revealed a significant amount of demotivation about learning among the participants since the beginning of the pandemic. The participants shared a common notion that online education could not replace face-to-face education in any way. The participants also felt that there were serious problems in the testing and assessment processes; they believed that during the pandemic minimal student work has been overprized. This finding, to an extent, contradicts with the quantitative findings of the current study.
KIERKEGAARD’A GÖRE NESNEL VE ÖZNEL HAKİKAT AYRIMI BAĞLAMINDA VAROLUŞUN NELİĞİ
Authors: BAŞOK DİŞ Sebile
Published: September 2021

19. yüzyılın önemli filozofları arasında yer alan ve etkisini 20. yüzyılda yoğun biçimde gösteren Kierkegaard, felsefeye varoluş kavramı başta olmak üzere bu kavramdan ayrı düşünülemeyecek olan öznel hakikat, seçim, karar ve sorumluluk gibi geleneksel felsefe tarafından dikkate alınmayan bazı kavramları dâhil etmiştir. Kierkegaard, kendi çağını eleştirel bir şekilde değerlendirmiş ve bu dönemde yaygın olan kimi tutum ve anlayışların yanlışlığını göstermeye çalışmıştır. Onun eleştirilerinin merkezinde nesnel hakikat olarak adlandırdığı nesnel bilgiye, bilme edimine, bilime, bilimsel yönteme, tefekküre ve soyut düşünceye verilen aşırı değer vardır. O, tüm bunları insan varoluşu açısından ele alır ve bunların insan varoluşunu gerçekleşmede ne tür bir katkısı olduğunu soruşturur. Bu çalışmada Kierkegaard’ın öznel hakikat ve nesnel hakikat arasında yaptığı ayrımdan hareketle onun hakikat ve varoluş anlayışının ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır.
ERGENLERDE SOSYAL MEDYA BAĞIMLILIĞI, DİNDARLIK VE AHLAKİ KAYITSIZLIK İLİŞKİSİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: HACIKELEŞOĞLU Hızır
Published: September 2021

Ahlaki kayıtsızlık, sosyal hayat içerisinde sıklıkla atıfta bulunulması yönüyle yaşamın merkezinde yer alan bir olgudur. Ahlakla ilgili konularda özellikle gençlerin ahlaki fail olarak eleştirilerin odağında bulunmaları, bu dönem içerisinde gençlerin meşgul oldukları, etkisi altında bulundukları alanları incelemeyi gerekli kılmaktadır. Bu kapsamda mevcut araştırmanın amacı 13-18 yaş aralığındaki bireylerden oluşan bir örneklem grubu üzerinde sosyal medya bağımlılığı, dindarlık ve ahlaki kayıtsızlık arasındaki ilişkiyi irdelemektir. Bu amaçla araştırma, nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel tarama modeline göre tasarlanmıştır. Araştırma verileri, kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen toplam 415 kişiden oluşan bir örneklem grubu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Toplanan verilerin analiz edilmesinde SPSS 21 programı kullanılarak korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda sosyal medya bağımlılığı ile ahlaki kayıtsızlık arasında pozitif yönde; dindarlık ile ahlaki kayıtsızlık arasında ise negatif yönde anlamlı ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada sosyal medya bağımlığı ve dindarlığın ahlaki kayıtsızlığı zıt yönlerde yordadığı; ayrıca sosyal medya bağımlılığı üzerinde dindarlığın belirleyici bir faktör olmadığı görülmüştür.
Levantamento florístico na Caatinga: comparação entre uma área preservada e uma área degradada no Sertão Pernambucano
Authors: Vital Maria Janaina Lira , Alves Gilian Clebson Pereira , Silva Arlene Alves da , Oliveira Maria do Socorro Germano de
Published: September 2021

O objetivo desse trabalho foi coletar e identificar espécies nativas da composição florista em duas áreas diferentes na cidade de Salgueiro-PE. A coleta foi realizada no município Formiga, em uma área de mata nativa preservada e no sítio Uri, onde foi visto a área degradada. Em todas as áreas foram demarcados 2 transectos retangulares (10x30m) distribuídos no entorno de cada área, cada transecto era composto por três parcelas quadrangulares (10x20m) separadas por um intervalo de 10m. Foram coletadas 102 espécies na área degradada e distribuídas em famílias botânicas. Na área preservada foram encontrados 375 indivíduos pertencentes a famílias e espécies diferentes, possuindo um número maior de espécies, ou seja, uma maior biodiversidade e uma rica variedade arbóreo-arbustiva em relação a área degradada. O valor encontrado de Shannon-Weaver (H’) na área degradada (A) 1, 75 e na área preservada (B) 2,51, indicando que área B é mais diversa e que A. E quanto ao índice de dominância de Simpson (C) o valor observado foi de 0,90 na área (A) e 0,76 na área (B). Os valores observados de equabilidade foi de foi de 0,90 para a área preservada e 0,84 para a área degradada, ou seja, o baixo valor reflete que há uma menor uniformidade referente à distribuição vegetal na área degradada. De cordo com os índices de diversidade podemos perceber que a área degradada perde sua diversidade em espécies, ou seja, perde sua riqueza que pode influenciar nas características do solo, da fauna e nas interações bióticas e abióticas.
Variation in helminth infection prevalence, abundance, and co-infection in an intermediate host across a large spatial scale
Authors: Rodríguez SM , Byers JE , Cerda-Aliaga F , Valdivia N
Published: September 2021

Parasites are often distributed heterogeneously across host populations, but the controls of this heterogeneity across regional scales often remain unclear. Here, we test the relative importance of natural and anthropogenic environmental factors and biological attributes of host populations on the large-scale variability in infection probability and parasite abundance. We quantified a larval acanthocephalan parasite (Profilicollis altmani), as well as the trematodeMaritremasp. and the nematodeProleptussp., infection of mole crabsEmerita analogausing a hierarchical design at 8 sites spanning 500 km of the south-central shoreline of Chile. At each site, we measured the variables of beach size, morphodynamics, distance to nearest port, distance to tributaries, mole crab density, seagull density, and host body size. Using mixed-effects models, we analysed the associations of acanthocephalan infection probability and parasite abundance in mole crabs as functions of body size and the environmental site-level factors. Models accounted for 20 and 61% of variation in acanthocephalan infection probability and abundance, respectively, with mole crab body size exclusively accounting for nearly all of the model fits. Also, acanthocephalan abundance decreased with increasing mole crab density, suggesting a possible encounter-dilution effect. Co-infection was strong, with the 2 other larval parasite species correlated positively with acanthocephalan parasites. The low influence of environmental variables on acanthocephalan infection could be because spatial variability in these factors is relatively low or their influences are quick to saturate. Therefore, in this system, parasite infection is apparently more strongly related to the duration of host exposure than spatially variable environmental factors, even across large spatial scales.
Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Caesarean Delivery; A comparative study between different agents
Authors: Ziogou Afroditi , Kokolakis Ioannis , Makrygiannakis Fanourios , Makrigiannakis Antonis
Published: September 2021

Antimicrobial prophylaxis is commonly used for pre-intra and post-operative caesarean delivery. Caesarean delivery is still the single most important risk factor for puerperal infection. Post-caesarean infections include wound infections, endomyometritis, bacteraemia, septic shock, septic pelvic vein thrombophlebitis, necrotising fasciitis, pelvic abscess, dehiscence of the wound or evisceration. The goal of antimicrobial prophylaxis is to put a stop to postoperative infection of the surgical site, the use of therapeutic antibiotics, additional surgical interventions, longer duration of hospital stay, to decrease postoperative infectious morbidity and mortality and the cost of postoperative health care. A post-caesarean wound infection detected prior to hospital discharge will lead to prolongation of hospital stay and will increase the hospitalisation costs and need of readmission. Both the American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and the American Society of Health-Care System Pharmacists have introduced single-dose prophylactic protocols using a heterogeneity of agents (penicillins, cephalosporins, clindamycin and azithromycin). Women undergoing caesarean delivery have a greater risk of developing infection compared to women who have a vaginal birth by 5 to 20-fold. The use of prophylaxis in patients undergoing a low-risk Caesarean Delivery remains controversial.
A case of bilateral tubal ectopic pregnancy following intrauterine insemination
Authors: Tingi Efterpi , Misiura Helena , Williams Mark , Ajayi Sunday , Vitthala Srisailesh
Published: September 2021

The incidence of unilateral ectopic pregnancy (EP) is 1-2% with the tubal EP being the commonest. Bilateral tubal pregnancy occurs 1 in every 750 to 1,850 EP following assisted reproductive technologies. We present a case of bilateral tubal EP in a 28 year old woman who underwent intrauterine insemination with donor sperm.
Методы моделирования социально-экономических явлений: семиотический и цепочечный анализ
Authors: Shcherbin Vyacheslav K.
Published: September 2021

Рассматриваются методы семиотического моделирования – семиотический и цепочечный анализ. Определяется релевантность использования указанных методов для изучения социально-экономических явлений. Описываются особенности применения рассматриваемых методов на материале двух групп цепочек: группы коммуникационных, речевых, текстовых цепочек, цепочек мотивов и др.; группы знаниевых, лингвистических, социальных, стоимостных, технологических, философских, экономических и др. Показано, что отличия рассматриваемых методов обусловлены не только тем материалом, для описания которого они используются, но и другими атрибутами: а) различными целями и объектами проводимых с их помощью исследований (целью проведения семиотического анализа явля[1]ется моделирование сложных знаков для более глубокого понимания социально-экономических явлений в целом, представления таких явлений в качестве знаковых систем, кодов, текстов, дискурсов; объектом цепочечного анализа выступают социально-экономические цепочки разных типов, посредством моделирования которых изучаются многообразные социальные и экономические связи); б) ключевыми концептами, составляющими понятийную основу рассматриваемых методов (для семиотического анализа ключевыми являются концепты «код» и «текст»; для цепочечного анализа – концепты «цепная связь» и «цепочка»). Обосновывается вывод о вхождении семиотического и цепочечного анализа наряду с другими методами семиотического моделирования в состав методологического ба[1]зиса новейшего направления социологической науки – социальной семиотики.
Crisis and society: social response and directions for reducing conflict potential in society
Authors: Evelkin Georgiy M.
Published: September 2021

The main types of society's response to crisis phenomena (anomalous, conflict, modernization) are considered. It characterizes the behavior of different categories of the population, their orientation and priorities. It is noted that the population of Belarus is most characterized by balanced behavior, oriented to the future through improvement and modernization of funds and approaches of socio-economic development. It emphasizes the need to actively study the processes taking place in society and the timely information of the authorities to make informed management decisions.
General Formula for Impulse Losses in the Process of Emission of Neutrino Pairs by Electrons in a Magnetic Field
Authors: Gajiyeva B.
Published: September 2021

Considered formula pulsed radiation losses pairs neutrinos electrons in a magnetic field. Gas consisting of polarized electrons in the direction of the magnetic field and spins composed of polarized electrons in the opposite direction of the magnetic field would receive a different impulse due to the asymmetric transmission of the impulse.
21. Yüzyılda Kente İlişkin Olarak Ortaya Çıkan Yeni Kavramlar
Authors: GÜRSOY Oğuzhan , SADİOĞLU Uğur
Published: September 2021

Neolitik Devrim'den başlayıp Sanayi Devrimi ile yeni bir forma dönüşen kentlere yönelik göç hareketi kentler üzerinde ciddi bir nüfus ve kentleşme baskısı oluşturmuştur. Özellikle milenyum öncesindeki son on yıla denk gelecek şekilde insanların ve doğa olaylarının sebep olduğu kentsel sorunların ve bu sorunların toplumlar, çevre ve ekonomi üzerinde bıraktığı olumsuzlukların asgariye indirgenmesi amacıyla bir takım modeller ve yaklaşımlar ortaya konulmuştur. Kimisi yüksek katlı yapılaşmayı öneren, kimisi yatay mimarinin önemini vurgulayan bu yaklaşımlar bazı açılardan taban tabana zıt olsa bile özünde ekonomik, ekolojik, siyasal ve/veya sosyal sürdürülebilirliğe hizmet etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, kentsel alanlarda karşılaşılan problemlerin çözülmesi amacıyla milenyum sonrasında ön plana çıkan yeni kavramlara ve modellere yer verilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, milenyum sonrası dönemde hızlı teknolojik gelişmenin ve küreselleşmenin etkisiyle geliştirilen çözüm girişimlerinin Sanayi Devrimi sonrası dönemde olduğu gibi sadece Batı merkezli olmadığı açıkça anlaşılmıştır. Bu yeni dönemde dünyanın farklı yerlerindeki çözüm girişimlerinin de küresel gündemi
büyük ölçüde etkileyebileceği ve taraftar bulabileceği görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada, yakın dönemdeki dönüşümlerin etkisiyle geliştirilen kentsel kavramlar tespit edilmiş ve açıklanmış, kavramlara ilişkin yorumlar analiz edilmiş ve kavramların gelecekteki kentsel sorunlara yönelik içerikleri tanımlanmaya çalışılmıştır.
‘little gothics’: Misty and the ‘Strange Stories’ of British Girls’ Comics
Authors: Round Julia
Published: September 2021

This article uses a critical framework that draws on the Gothic carnival, children’s Gothic, and Female Gothic to analyse the understudied spooky stories of British comics. It begins by surveying the emergence of short-form horror in American and British comics from the 1950s onwards, which evolved into a particular type of girls’ weekly tale: the ‘Strange Story.’ It then examines the way that the British mystery title Misty (IPC, 1978–80) developed this template in its single stories. This focuses on four key attributes: the directive role of a host character, an oral tone, content that includes two-dimensional characters and an ironic or unexpected plot reversal, and a narrative structure that drives exclusively towards this final point. The article argues that the repetition of this formula and the tales’ short format draw attention to their combination of subversion/conservatism and horror/humour: foregrounding a central paradox of Gothic.
Hearth and Home and Horror: Gothic Trappings in early C20th Latin American Short Fiction
Authors: DeVirgilis Megan
Published: September 2021

The Gothic short form in Latin America has yet to receive focused scholarly attention. Yet, despite no early Gothic novel tradition to speak of, the Gothic mode emerged in poetry and short fiction, representing particular anxieties and colonial/postcolonial realities specific to the region owing in part to a significant increase in periodicals. Focusing on two case studies – Clemente Palma's ‘La granja blanca’ (Peru, 1904) and Horacio Quiroga's ‘El almohadón de plumas’ (Uruguay, 1917) – this article will explore how Latin American authors classified as modern, modernista, and criollista were experimenting with Gothic forms, adapting the design of the traditional Gothic novel to intensify its effect and reach a wider readership. Demonstrating a particular influence of Poe, a unity of effect is created, one that suggests that the home is a place of horrors, not comfort, and the uniquely horrifying settings and plot ultimately challenge established moral codes and literary tendencies.
Floating Minds: How Young Adult Fiction Represents Forgetting in Old Age and Adolescence
Authors: Waller Alison
Published: September 2021

YA novels increasingly tell stories about memory loss, from adolescent amnesia to cognitive decline in older age. This article examines the representation of forgetting in Jenny Downham's Unbecoming, Clare Furniss's How Not to Disappear, and Emily Barr's The One Memory of Flora Banks. Drawing on liberatory psychology, queer phenomenology, and theories of creative embodiment, it argues that dominant narratives of dementia and ageing might be challenged by analysing symbolic scenes of floating and falling.
Women Documentary Film-makers and the British Housing Movement, 1930–45
Authors: Haggith Toby
Published: September 2021

This article examines the role women played, as film-makers and participants, in the development of the documentary genre from 1930 into the wartime period. In the 1930s and 1940s, the topics of slum clearance and town planning were a preoccupation of British documentary and non-fiction cinema. This article therefore first focuses on the little-known propaganda films generated by housing charities in the 1930s. After an examination of the use of films in the campaigns for better housing between the wars, it concentrates on three films which are linked by the inclusion of filmed interviews with the poorly housed. The study starts with a re-evaluation of Housing Problems (1935) and Kensal House (1937), widely regarded as the first of the genre, placing them in the context of the housing movement. It then gives an overview of the housing issue and female documentary-making during the Second World War, as background to a case study of film-maker Kay Mander, concentrating on her end-of-war manifesto Homes for the People (1945), which saw a further development of the interview technique and presented the women's perspective in a feminist manner. This article shows that women were not only instrumental in the development of the housing documentary but that the films they made promoted a female-orientated and progressive view of housing provision and town planning for working-class people. It was a passion for social change and a growing belief in the democratisation of the image of the poorly housed that determined changes in treatment in the films of the documentary film movement.
Moving residence in later life: actively shaping place and wellbeing
Authors: Gopinath Manik , Entwistle Vikki , Kelly Tim , Illsley Barbara
Published: September 2021

Policy discourse favours the idea of “ageing in place” but many older people move home and into different kinds of residential settings. This article extends the understanding of how relocation can promote as well as diminish older people’s well-being. Using relational understandings of place and capabilities (people’s freedoms and opportunities to be and to do what they value) we explored well-being across the relocation trajectories of 21 people aged 65–91 years living in diverse residential settings in Scotland. We found that a diverse array of capabilities mattered for well-being and that relocation was often motivated by concerns to secure “at-risk” capabilities for valued activities and relationships. Moving residence impacted several other capabilities, in addition to these, both, positively and negatively. We suggest that a capability approach offers a valuable lens for understanding and supporting well-being through behavioural models of late-life relocation.
Effects of Dilution Rate on Fermentation Characteristics of Feeds With Different Carbohydrate Composition Incubated in the Rumen Simulation Technique (RUSITEC)
Authors: Pfau Friederike , Hünerberg Martin , Südekum Karl-Heinz , Breves Gerhard , Clauss Marcus , Hummel Jürgen
Published: September 2021

This study investigated the impact of carbohydrate source and fluid passage rate (dilution rate) on ruminal fermentation characteristics and microbial crude protein (MCP) formation. Three commonly used feeds (barley grain [BG], beet pulp [BP], and soybean hulls [SBH]), which differ considerably in their carbohydrate composition, were incubated together with a mixture of grass hay and rapeseed meal in two identical Rusitec apparatuses (each 6 vessels). Differences in fluid passage rate were simulated by infusing artificial saliva at two different rates (1.5% [low] and 3.0% [high] of fermenter volume per h). This resulted in six treatments (tested in 3 runs): BGhigh, BGlow, BPhigh, BPlow, SBHhigh and SBHlow. The system was adapted for 7 d, followed by 4 d of sampling. Production of MCP (mg/g degraded organic matter [dOM]; estimated by 15N analysis) was greater with high dilution rate (DL; p < 0.001) and was higher for SBH compared to both BG and BP (p < 0.001). High DL reduced OM degradability (OMD) compared to low DL (p < 0.001), whereas incubation of BG resulted in higher OMD compared to SBH (p < 0.002). Acetate:propionate ratio decreased in response to high DL (p < 0.001). Total gas and methane production (both /d and /g dOM) were lower with high DL (p < 0.001). In our study increasing liquid passage rate showed the potential to increase MCP and decrease methane production simultaneously. Results encourage further studies investigating these effects on the rumen microbial population.
Mapping Potential Determinants of Peroxidative Activity in an Evolved Fungal Peroxygenase from Agrocybe aegerita
Authors: Molina-Espeja Patricia , Beltran-Nogal Alejandro , Alfuzzi Maria Alejandra , Guallar Victor , Alcalde Miguel
Published: September 2021

Fungal unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) are hybrid biocatalysts with peroxygenative activity that insert oxygen into non-activated compounds, while also possessing convergent peroxidative activity for one electron oxidation reactions. In several ligninolytic peroxidases, the site of peroxidative activity is associated with an oxidizable aromatic residue at the protein surface that connects to the buried heme domain through a long-range electron transfer (LRET) pathway. However, the peroxidative activity of these enzymes may also be initiated at the heme access channel. In this study, we examined the origin of the peroxidative activity of UPOs using an evolved secretion variant (PaDa-I mutant) from Agrocybe aegerita as our point of departure. After analyzing potential radical-forming aromatic residues at the PaDa-I surface by QM/MM, independent saturation mutagenesis libraries of Trp24, Tyr47, Tyr79, Tyr151, Tyr265, Tyr281, Tyr293 and Tyr325 were constructed and screened with both peroxidative and peroxygenative substrates. These mutant libraries were mostly inactive, with only a few functional clones detected, none of these showing marked differences in the peroxygenative and peroxidative activities. By contrast, when the flexible Gly314-Gly318 loop that is found at the outer entrance to the heme channel was subjected to combinatorial saturation mutagenesis and computational analysis, mutants with improved kinetics and a shift in the pH activity profile for peroxidative substrates were found, while they retained their kinetic values for peroxygenative substrates. This striking change was accompanied by a 4.5°C enhancement in kinetic thermostability despite the variants carried up to four consecutive mutations. Taken together, our study proves that the origin of the peroxidative activity in UPOs, unlike other ligninolytic peroxidases described to date, is not dependent on a LRET route from oxidizable residues at the protein surface, but rather it seems to be exclusively located at the heme access channel.
Multi-Omics Integration to Reveal the Mechanism of Hepatotoxicity Induced by Dictamnine
Authors: Tu Can , Xu Ziying , Tian Lichun , Yu Zihui , Wang Tieshang , Guo Zhaojuan , Zhang Jingxuan , Wang Ting
Published: September 2021

Herb-induced liver injury (HILI) has become a great concern worldwide due to the widespread usage of herbal products. Among these products is Dictamni Cortex (DC), a well-known Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), widely used to treat chronic dermatosis. Dictamni Cortex has drawn increasing attention because of its hepatotoxicity caused by the hepatotoxic component, dictamnine. However, the potential hepatotoxicity mechanism of dictamnine remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to use the multi-omics approach (transcriptomic, metabolomic, and proteomic analyses) to identify genes, metabolites, and proteins expressions associated with dictamnine-induced hepatotoxicity. A study on mice revealed that a high dose of dictamnine significantly increases serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, total bilirubin (TBIL), and direct bilirubin (DBIL) levels, the relative liver weight and liver/brain weight ratio in female mice (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01), compared to the normal control group. Liver histologic analysis further revealed a high dose of dictamnine on female mice caused hepatocyte vesicular steatosis characterized by hepatocyte microvesicles around the liver lobules. The expressed genes, proteins, and metabolites exhibited strong associations with lipid metabolism disorder and oxidative stress. Dictamnine caused increased oxidative stress and early hepatic apoptosis via up-regulation of glutathione S transferase a1 (GSTA1) and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and down-regulation of the antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx-1). Besides, the up-regulation of Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) and down-regulation of acetyl-coa acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) and fatty acid binding protein 1 (FABP-1) proteins were linked to lipid metabolism disorder. In summary, dictamnine induces dose-dependent hepatotoxicity in mice, which impairs lipid metabolism and aggravates oxidative stress.
Heme Oxygenase-1 at the Nexus of Endothelial Cell Fate Decision Under Oxidative Stress
Authors: Raghunandan Sindhushree , Ramachandran Srinivasan , Ke Eugene , Miao Yifei , Lal Ratnesh , Chen Zhen Bouman , Subramaniam Shankar
Published: September 2021

Endothelial cells (ECs) form the inner lining of blood vessels and are central to sensing chemical perturbations that can lead to oxidative stress. The degree of stress is correlated with divergent phenotypes such as quiescence, cell death, or senescence. Each possible cell fate is relevant for a different aspect of endothelial function, and hence, the regulation of cell fate decisions is critically important in maintaining vascular health. This study examined the oxidative stress response (OSR) in human ECs at the boundary of cell survival and death through longitudinal measurements, including cellular, gene expression, and perturbation measurements. 0.5 mM hydrogen peroxide (HP) produced significant oxidative stress, placed the cell at this junction, and provided a model to study the effectors of cell fate. The use of systematic perturbations and high-throughput measurements provide insights into multiple regimes of the stress response. Using a systems approach, we decipher molecular mechanisms across these regimes. Significantly, our study shows that heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1) acts as a gatekeeper of cell fate decisions. Specifically, HP treatment of HMOX1 knockdown cells reversed the gene expression of about 51% of 2,892 differentially expressed genes when treated with HP alone, affecting a variety of cellular processes, including anti-oxidant response, inflammation, DNA injury and repair, cell cycle and growth, mitochondrial stress, metabolic stress, and autophagy. Further analysis revealed that these switched genes were highly enriched in three spatial locations viz., cell surface, mitochondria, and nucleus. In particular, it revealed the novel roles of HMOX1 on cell surface receptors EGFR and IGFR, mitochondrial ETCs (MTND3, MTATP6), and epigenetic regulation through chromatin modifiers (KDM6A, RBBP5, and PPM1D) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) in orchestrating the cell fate at the boundary of cell survival and death. These novel aspects suggest that HMOX1 can influence transcriptional and epigenetic modulations to orchestrate OSR affecting cell fate decisions.
Characterization of Molecular Subtypes in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Distinct Prognosis and Treatment Responsiveness
Authors: Zhang Pei , Li Shue , Zhang Tingting , Cui Fengzhen , Shi Ji-Hua , Zhao Faming , Sheng Xia
Published: September 2021

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies with complex phenotypic, etiological, biological, and clinical heterogeneities. Previous studies have proposed different clinically relevant subtypes of HNSCC, but little is known about its corresponding prognosis or suitable treatment strategy. Here, we identified 101 core genes from three prognostic pathways, including mTORC1 signaling, unfold protein response, and UV response UP, in 124 pairs of tumor and matched normal tissues of HNSCC. Moreover, we identified three robust subtypes associated with distinct molecular characteristics and clinical outcomes using consensus clustering based on the gene expression profiles of 944 HNSCC patients from four independent datasets. We then integrated the genomic information of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) HNSCC cohort to comprehensively evaluate the molecular features of different subtypes and screen for potentially effective therapeutic agents. Cluster 1 had more arrested oncogenic signaling, the highest immune cell infiltration, the highest immunotherapy and chemotherapeutic responsiveness, and the best prognosis. By contrast, Cluster 3 showed more activated oncogenic signaling, the lowest immune cell infiltration, the lowest immunotherapy and chemotherapy responsiveness, and the worst prognosis. Our findings corroborate the molecular diversity of HNSCC tumors and provide a novel classification strategy that may guide for prognosis and treatment allocation.
Suppression of Cell Tumorigenicity by Non-neural Pro-differentiation Factors via Inhibition of Neural Property in Tumorigenic Cells
Authors: Yang Xiaoli , Cao Ning , Chen Lu , Liu Lin , Zhang Min , Cao Ying
Published: September 2021

Our studies have demonstrated that cell tumorigenicity and pluripotent differentiation potential stem from neural stemness or a neural ground state, which is defined by a regulatory network of higher levels of machineries for basic cell physiological functions, including cell cycle, ribosome biogenesis, protein translation, spliceosome, epigenetic modification factors, reprogramming factors, etc., in addition to the neural stemness specific factors. These machineries and neural stemness factors mostly play cancer-promoting roles. It can be deduced that differentiation requires the repression of neural ground state and causes the reduction or loss of neural ground state and thus tumorigenicity in tumorigenic cells. Formerly, we showed that neuronal differentiation led to reduced tumorigenicity in tumorigenic cells. In the present study, we show that non-neural pro-differentiation factors, such as GATA3, HNF4A, HHEX, and FOXA3 that specify mesodermal or/and endodermal tissues during vertebrate embryogenesis, suppress tumorigenicity via repression of neural stemness and promotion of non-neural property in tumorigenic cells. Mechanistically, these transcription factors repress the transcription of neural enriched genes and meanwhile activate genes that specify non-neural properties via direct binding to the promoters of these genes. We also show that combined expression of HHEX and FOXA3 suppresses tumorigenesis effectively in the AOM/DSS model of colitis-associated cancer. We suggest that targeting the property of neural stemness could be an effective strategy for cancer therapy.
HIF1α Regulates IL17 Signaling Pathway Influencing Sensitivity of Taxane-Based Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer
Authors: Dai Huijuan , Sheng Xiaonan , Wang Yaohui , Zhou Liheng , Lin Yanping , Du Yueyao , Yang Fan , Sha Rui , Peng Jing , Yao Linli , Yin Wenjin , Lu Jinsong
Published: September 2021

Hypoxia-induced chemotherapy resistance is the main hindrance for solid tumor treatment. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF1α), an adaptive gene of hypoxia condition, played an important role in affecting chemotherapy sensitivity for many cancer types and various therapeutic regimens. This study focused on the impact of HIF1α on predicting response and survival of taxane-based neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) for breast cancer (BC) patients and the concrete mechanism that HIF1α mediated paclitaxel chemo-insensitivity. We evaluated HIF1α expression immunohistochemically from biopsies of 108 BC patients receiving paclitaxel–cisplatin NAT. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that high HIF1α expression led to lower rate of pathological complete response (pCR) and worse prognosis. Analysis of GEO datasets also indicated negative association between HIF1α expression and response of taxane-based NAT in BC patients. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment of differential expression genes (DEGs) in different HIF1α expression groups from TCGA database showed that HIF1α participated in interleukin 17 (IL-17) signaling pathway. Correlation analysis suggested that HIF1α was positively related to the IL-17 pathway. CXC motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) was the only DEG in the IL-17 pathway inversely relating to NAT response. Experiments in vitro verified that HIF1α/IL-17 pathway influences paclitaxel sensitivity to BC cells. Correlation analysis between HIF1α/IL-17A/CXCL10 and infiltration of immune cells in BC uncovered that high expression of all the above three genes were positively correlated to neutrophil infiltration in BC. Collectively, our findings shed novel insight into the mechanism of chemotherapy resistance and implied that HIF1α inhibitor may be a promising drug combined with traditional chemotherapeutic drug to increase the chemotherapy efficacy.