bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effective interventions for the screening, brief intervention, referral and treatment of harmful alcohol use: an umbrella review protocol
Authors: Botwright Siobhan , Sutawong Jiratorn , Anothaisintawee Thunyarat , Kingkaew Pritaporn , Teerawattananon Yot , Khampang Roongnapa , Dabak Saudamini Vishwanath , Isaranuwatchai Wanrudee
Published: June 2022

Background Alcohol use is one of the leading risk factors for premature death and disability. Screening, brief interventions and referral to treatment, as well as evidence-based psychosocial and pharmacological interventions, are important in reducing the burden of harmful alcohol use. While many reviews summarise evidence for specific interventions or populations, there has yet to be a comprehensive comparison of interventions. As such, this umbrella review aims to identify effective interventions for the prevention and treatment of harmful alcohol use, with consideration of applicability to low- and middle-income country contexts.Methods A comprehensive search of MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PsycINFO and the International HTA Database will be conducted from inception to September 2021. Selected articles will be systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials of interventions for screening, brief intervention, referral to treatment, or treatment of harmful alcohol use. Title/abstract screening, full-text screening, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment will be conducted by reviewers working independently and in duplicate, with conflicts resolved by a third reviewer. Data extraction will be conducted using a modified version of the Joanna Briggs Institute form, incorporating elements of the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist, and quality assessment will be conducted using A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) 2. Findings will be summarised qualitatively in text and tables, with a focus on summarising important considerations for policymakers and identifying gaps in the literature.Discussion Results from this study will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal and through presentation to policymakers in Thailand.Systematic review registration This protocol is registered in PROSPERO, CRD42021275471.
Serum potassium trajectory during AKI and mortality risk
Authors: Chávez-Íñiguez Jonathan S. , Maggiani-Aguilera Pablo , de Quevedo Andrés Aranda-García , Granado Rolando Claure-Del , Vega-Vega Olynka , López-Giacoman Salvador R. , Chávez-Alonso Gael , Oliva-Martínez Ana E. , Díaz-Villavicencio Bladimir , Calderón-García Clementina E. , González-Barajas David , Arizaga-Nápoles Manuel , Vega-Méndez Frida M. De la , Navarro-Blackaller Guillermo , Medina-González Ramón , Ibarra-Hernández Margarita , García-García Guillermo
Published: June 2022

Background: Kidneys play a primary role in potassium homeostasis. The association between potassium (sK+) level and mortality or the need for kidney replacement therapy (KRT) during acute kidney injury (AKI) has not been adequately explored. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, AKI patients admitted to the Hospital Civil de Guadalajara were enrolled from August 2017 to June 2021 with AKI. We divided patients into 8 groups based on the serum potassium level trajectories up to ten days following hospitalization, (1) normokalemia (normoK), defined as sK+ values between 3.5 and 5.5 mEq/L; (2) corrected hyperkalemia (hyperK), sK+ > 5.5 mEq/L on hospital admission and decreased to normoK; (3) corrected hypokalemia (hypoK), sK+ < 3.5 mEq/L on hospital admission and increased to normoK; (4) fluctuating potassium, sK+ increased / decreased in and out of normoK parameters; (5) uncorrected hypoK, sK+ < 3.5 mEq/L; (6) normoK to hypoK, sK+ that were normal on hospital admission and decreased to hypoK and never went back to normal; (7) normoK to hyperK, sK+ that were normal on hospital admission and increased to hyperK and never went back to normal; (8) uncorrected hyperK, sK+ > 5.5 mEq/L. We assessed the association of serum potassium trajectories with mortality and the need for KRT (secondary objective). Results: A total of 311 AKI patients were included. The mean age was 52.6 years, and 182 (58.6%) were male. AKI stage 3 was present in 199 (63.9%). KRT started in 112 (36%) patients, and 66 (21.2%) died. After adjusting for confounders, 10-day hospital mortality was significantly higher in group 7 and 8 (OR, 1.37 and 1.63, p = <0.05, for both, respectevely), and KRT initiation was higher only in group 8 (OR 1.40, p = < 0.05) compared with group 1. Mortality in different subgroups of patients in group 8 did not change the primary results.Conclusion: In our prospective cohort, most patients with AKI had alterations in sK+. NormoK to hyperK and Uncorrected hyperK were associated with death, while only uncorrected hyperK was correlated with the need for KRT.
Stable isotope characteristics of precipitation in Malaysia: Establishment of local meteoric water line
Authors: Mostapa Roslanzairi , Samuding Kamarudin
Published: June 2022

This paper discussed the use of stable isotope compositions of precipitation (d2H and d18O) to understand its characteristics and the parameters controlling meteorological conditions in Malaysia. The meteoric water line for Malaysia, or MMWL established in this study are d2H= (7.43±0.05)d18O + (7.33±0.11) (n=595, r2=0.97) for individual values, and d2H= (7.07±0.20)d18O + (4.90±0.75) (n=51, r2=0.96) for annual precipitation weighted means. No major variations in local meteoric water lines established between the stations, except for one (i.e., Cameron Highlands), which was found to be significantly different due to its high deuterium excess, or d value, attributed to moisture recycling (re–evapotranspiration) from the surrounding dense rainforest area. The precipitation moisture came from the two monsoon systems; the Northeast monsoon (NEM) and Southwest monsoon (SWM). They differ only slightly in their isotope signatures, where the NEM (winter monsoon) is 0.38‰ more negative than the SWM (summer monsoon), and the rainfall amount and temperature have a relatively weak influence on the stable isotopes in precipitation. Rainfall d18O is poorly correlated with the monthly rainfall amount and temperature, with very low r2 values (–0.4‰/100mm; 0.09 and 0.7‰/°C; 0.06, respectively). The seasonal variability of isotopic compositions of precipitation in this region is controlled by the insubstantial but conspicuous inverse correlation amount effect. The seasonal patterns of d2H and d18O are evident, with higher values observed during the NEM and lower values observed during SWM. However, the temporal variations of rainfall d2H and d18O during NEM and SWM are almost indistinguishable due to local climatic conditions, prevailing atmospheric circulations, and sources of precipitation. The apparent sign of El Niño and La Niña events (2015 and 2017, respectively) of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle were successfully identified from this study, indicated by the heavier d18O from the peaks in the annual precipitation amount versus d18O annual precipitation weighted mean plot, while La Niña corresponds to the lighter values of the rainfall isotopes.
Neurophysiological Examination in Patients With Suspected Polyneuropathy Associated With Sars-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Moure Jorge de Francisco , Ramón Irene Torres , Rodríguez Berenice Abreu , Navarro Sonia Navarrete , Lafita Carmen Almárcegui
Published: June 2022

Introduction:Neurological symptoms are common in patients who have suffered a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome as well as sensory symptoms have been published in the context of a long COVID-19 syndrome.Patients and methods:We present 23 patients studied in a Clinical Neurophysiology department. All of them underwent a study of motor and sensory nerve conduction and of the F wave. In those patients with suspected fine fiber pathology, a study of the sympathetic-cutaneous response (SSR) was also performed.Results:In 8 patients alterations were observed in the neurophysiological study (NPS): 2 patients had a delay in the minimum latency of the F wave, 3 patients a decrease in its persistence, 2 patients an absence of SSR and 1 patient a decrease in the amplitude of the sensory action potentials.Patients with alterations in the NPS had a delay between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the appearance of neurological symptoms (median 16 days). Four of them had a self-limiting course and three others developed a long COVID-19 syndrome.In patients with normal NPS, sensory symptoms began at the same time as COVID-19 symptoms. All of them developed a long COVID-19 syndrome.Conclusion:Among these patients we find two profiles: in those with a pathological NPS there is a time delay between SARS-CoV-2 infection and neurological symptoms, often developing self-limiting symptoms. On the other hand, patients with a normal NPS start the neurological symptoms at the same time as the respiratory infection and all of them develop a long COVID-19 syndrome.
Comparison of granisetron and palonosetron in triplet anti-emetic prophylaxis in non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving cisplatin-based highly emetogenic chemotherapy
Authors: Araz Murat , Beypinar Ismail , Inci Fatih , Koral Lokman , Kocak Mehmet Zahid , Korkmaz Mustafa , Demirkiran Aykut , Eryilmaz Melek Karakurt , Artac Mehmet
Published: June 2022

Purpose
We compared the efficacy of first-generation granisetron and second-generation palonosetron in triplet anti-emetic prophylaxis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSLC) receiving cisplatin-based high emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC).
Methods
This prospective, multicenter, non-randomized, observational study was conducted between June 2018 and December 2021. Patients diagnosed with NSCLC who received triplet anti-emetic prophylactic treatment with aprepitant and dexamethasone plus granisetron or palonosetron before the first cycle of chemotherapy were included in the study. At the end of the first week after chemotherapy, the emesis scale was applied to the patients during the outpatient control. The primary endpoint was complete response (CR) and total control (TC).
Results
One hundred twenty-one patients were included in the study. Sixty-one patients were in the granisetron group and 60 patients were in the palonosetron group. CR was higher with granisetron in the acute phase (70.5% vs. 58.3%, p = 0.16; respectively) and higher with palonosetron in the delayed phase (61.7% vs. 55.7%, p = 0.5; respectively), although not statistically significant. The TC rates were also not significantly different between the groups (54.1% vs.57.6%, p = 0.69).
Conclusion
There was no significant difference between granisetron and palonosetron in both acute and delayed control of emesis in NSCLC patients receiving cisplatin-based HEC.
TEAD is required for DNA repair independent of its transcriptional function
Authors: Calses Philamer C. , Pham Victoria C. , Verschueren Erik , Bakker Sietske T. , Haley Benjamin , Liu Chad , Chang Matthew T. , Kljavin Noelyn , Hinkle Trent , Zou Jianing , Yan Cuicui , Song Xia , Lin Xiaoyan , Rowntree Rebecca , Ashworth Alan , Lill Jennie R. , Dey Anwesha
Published: June 2022

The TEA domain family members 1-4 (TEADs) are major transcription factors for YAP/TAZ transcription activators in the Hippo pathway, regulating many biological processes, including development, tissue homeostasis, and tumorigenesis through target genes. Their amplification/upregulation correlates with poor prognosis in cancer patients. Although the Hippo pathway continues to be elucidated, it is clear that TEAD largely exerts its actions via transcriptional regulation. Here, we uncover an unexpected role for TEADs in the DNA damage response. Using comparative mass spectrometry, we demonstrate that TEADs interact with several DNA repair proteins. We further show that TEADs form DNA damage-induced nuclear foci that co-localize with DNA damage markers, γH2AX, and RIF1. We also found that TEADs are required for resistance to DNA damage, maintaining genome stability, and resolution of double strand break repair that is independent from the Hippo pathway and its transcriptional role. Our results establish a new role for TEADs in DNA repair and therefore, highlight a critical consideration in therapeutically targeting the Hippo pathway.
Deciphering the Roles of CircRNAs on Hepatic Metastases in Early Tumor Stage Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Huang Maosen , Cheng Linyao , Ru Haiming , Wei Chunyin , Mo Xianwei , Yan Linhai
Published: June 2022

Objective
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a specific type of non-coding RNAs, could regulate tumorigenesis and metastasis of various cancers though acting as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNAs).
Methods
Performing next generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatics methods, the profiles and the intricate roles of circRNAs were clarified in early stage colorectal cancer patients with hepatic metastases.
Results
CircRNAs were predicted to be involved in CRC hepatic metastasis complex processes, such as p53 binding and ErbB excision repair. Intriguingly, we detected 19 significantly differentially expressed among CRC patients with or without hepatic metastases and found circFARSA was significantly upregulated. Besides, circFARSA was found to be potential ceRNAs and a triple regulatory network of circFARSA/hsa-miR-503-5p/CCND2 was set up, which describes the possible mechanisms of CRC hepatic metastasis.
Conclusions
Our findings demonstrated that circFARSA acts as a promising biomarker in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). The study provided a new perspective for targeting circFARSA in mCRC therapeutic treatment.
Geostatistical analysis of the integration of spatial information on nitrate-N observations and surface land uses for identifying groundwater pollution zones
Authors: Jang Cheng-Shin , Chen Shih-Kai , Lee Yuan-Yu
Published: June 2022

Groundwater nitrate-N pollution mainly originates from surface agricultural activities. Integrating spatial information on nitrate-N observations and agricultural land-use data is crucial for identifying groundwater pollution zones. This study used regression kriging (RK) to determine groundwater pollution zones in the Choushui River alluvial fan in Taiwan according to nitrate-N observations and agricultural land uses. Areal ratios of agricultural land-use types within buffering zones were first characterized using geographical information systems. A multivariate linear regression (MLR) model was employed to explore the relationship between groundwater nitrate-N pollution and agricultural land-use types. Then, simple kriging (SK) was adopted to analyze residuals obtained from gaps between nitrate-N observations and MLR predictions; the SK estimates of the residuals with the addition of the MLR predictions served as the RK estimates for groundwater nitrate-N pollution. Finally, groundwater pollution zones were determined according to a specific anthropogenic nitrate-N pollution level. The study results revealed that the “orchard” land-use type positively contributed to groundwater nitrate-N in contract to the “livestock house” and “agricultural facility” land-use types, which were negatively related to groundwater nitrate-N. Moreover, the RK estimates had the ability to characterize the potential pollution source of the orchard land-use type and were suitable for identifying groundwater pollution zones. Therefore, the amount of fertilizer used in the orchards located in groundwater pollution zones must be reduced considerably.
Antimicrobial Evaluation of Sequentially extracted Leaf of Vernonia auriculifera Hiern (Rejicho)
Authors: Etiso Teshale , Suleman Sultan , Mohamed Tesfaye
Published: June 2022

Background: Though there are reports about V. auriculifera antimicrobial activity, there is not enough information about its activity on some of the bacterial and fungal species. Besides, there was no quantitative evaluation done for phytochemicals previously. Therefore, the main purpose of this research work is to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and quantitative evaluation of the phenol and flavonoid contents of V. auriculifera. Objectives: The objective of this study was to conduct the antimicrobial and quantitative evaluation of a sequentially extracted leaf of Vernonia auriculifera Hiern. Methods: The leaves of the plant were cleaned with tap water and air-dried. The grounded leaf product was subsequently extracted by hexane, chloroform, and methanol in maceration flasks. Then the total phenol and total flavonoid content in each extract were determined. Standard strains of bacterial and fungal species were used to assess the antibacterial, antifungal susceptibility test and to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of crude extract. Result: Extraction yield for hexane, chloroform, and methanol was 0.6±0.05%, 1.7±0.02%, and 3.3±0.01% respectively. The total phenolic content of methanol extract was 72.998 ± 0.002 mg GAE /g. The total flavonoid content of hexane and chloroform extracts were 2.59 ± 0.004 mg QE/g and 9.6 ± 0.02 mg QE/g respectively. The antimicrobial activity test showed the chloroform extract was the most active against all test microorganisms. Conclusion: This study has shown the activity of V. auriculifera against selected microorganisms of study. The chloroform extract was the most active as compared to the hexane and methanol extracts.
Association of proton pump inhibitors with renal adverse events in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with PD-1 Inhibitor (APPIANI Study): study protocol for a randomized, assessor- blinded, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Mu Xiaodie , Wu Aihua , Ling Peiyao , Zhou Hua , Yang Min
Published: June 2022

Introduction: PD-1 inhibitor, an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), is currently the standard first-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Immune-related adverse effects (irAEs), on the other hand, limit their use. Acid-suppressive drugs (ASDs), including proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine 2 receptor antagonist (H2RA), are well known as common concomitant drugs in the treatment of cancer. When coupled with ICIs, however, PPIs may increase the incidence of renal adverse events (AEs). The objective of this paper is seeing how commonly individuals with NSCLC developed acute kidney disease and renal dysfunction (AKD) after receiving PD-1 inhibitors and PPIs combined. Methods: This study is a randomized, assessor- blinded, controlled clinical trial. Participants who are diagnosed with NSCLC, and taking PPIs or H2RA are randomly assigned to the intervention (using PPIs) and control (using H2RA) groups for 12 weeks in a ratio of 1: 1, and will be followed up for another 12 weeks after treatment. The primary outcome is to explore whether there is a difference in the occurrence of renal AEs between patients with NSCLC treated with PPIs and those without PPIs. Discussion: Our findings will have significant implications for AKD prevention and control in the PD-1 inhibitor-treated patients with NSCLC. In addition, it may be valuable to improve policy development and PPIs clinical practice guidelines across China. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ChiCTR2200057366. Registered on March 9, 2022
A promising animal model for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Borderline Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Zhang Ting , Xu Jinfeng , Maung Ei Ni Tar , Chen Le , Wang Li
Published: June 2022

Background: Borderline Hypertensive Rat (BHR) is the offspring of female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and male Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, that were used in studies of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. We found that the fertility rate of BHR decreased and the pregnancy rate was 60% (15/25) when BHR was prepared as a pregnant animal model of preeclampsia. We found that there was no study on the reproductive system of female BHR. The purpose of this study was to explore the reproductive phenotype of female BHR. The vaginal smears were performed to detect and evaluate the phases of the estrous cycle. According to the estrous cycle, BHR were divided into two groups: normal group and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) group. The HE staining was used to observed the morphology of ovary and uterus, and serum sex hormone concentrations were measured. Result: The results showed that there were 46 female BHR, 21 of them (45.7%) were found with PCOS. In PCOS group, the weight of ovary was increased, the estrous cycle was irregular, the cell layer of cystic follicles membrane was thickened, the endometrium was thickened, and the levels of serum testosterone, estrogen , luteinizing hormone (LH), LH / FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) were increased. Polycystic ovaries were found in female BHR with PCOS. And the estrous cycle and sex hormone level of female BHR with PCOS were consistent with the characteristics of PCOS. Conclusions: PCOS occurred in some female BHR, the pathophysiological changes were including the estrous cycle, the morphology of ovary and uterus , and the sex hormone levels.
The Effects of Cognitive Training in the Long Term: a Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Druda Ylenia , Chattat Rabih , Chirico Ilaria , Casapulla Rita , Pappadà Alessandro , Esposti Valentina Degli , Ottoboni Giovanni
Published: June 2022

OBJECTIVE: In this literature review, long term cognitive training’s effect is assessed. The issue is investigated by also considering additional training sessions (also called booster sessions) and their impact on the retention of after-training benefits. The aim is achieved by analyzing four variables: involved population, training domains, effect transferability, and training duration.METHODS: In compliance with the PRISMA statement, a search was conducted in the following database: Scopus, PubMed, WoS, and CINAHL.RESULTS: Out of the 1063 articles we identified initially, 47 studies were eligible.The studies showed that training can maintain cognitive functioning in healthy people or people with MCI, especially for what concerns the six months after the intervention. In people with dementia, the results were controversial. Regarding the booster training sessions, when they were offered to either healthy people or people with MCI, they both maintained or increased training benefits. In contrast, people with dementia appeared to benefit from booster sessions in one study only. It also emerged that single and multi-domain training improved cognitive functioning in either healthy people or people with MCI. In contrast, only multi-domain training was effective in people with dementia. Cognitive training showed both direct and far transfer effects. CONCLUSIONS: Although cognitive training benefits appear to persist, especially when working with healthy people or people with MCI, future studies should focus more on the benefits carried by booster sessions. Moreover, once the analysis of these outcomes is cross-referenced with individual characteristics and preferences, it will specify the long-term benefits factors.
Therapeutic approach with commercial supplements for pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration with residual PANK2 expression levels.
Authors: Álvarez-Córdoba Mónica , Reche-López Diana , Cilleros-Holgado Paula , Talaverón-Rey Marta , Villalón-García Irene , Povea-Cabello Suleva , Suárez-Rivero Juan M , Suárez-Carrillo Alejandra , Munuera-Cabeza Manuel , Piñero-Pérez Rocío , Alcazar Jose A Sanchez
Published: June 2022

In this manuscript, we examined the therapeutic effectiveness of pantothenate, panthetine, antioxidants (vitamin E and omega 3) and mitochondrial function boosting supplements (L-carnitine and thiamine) in mutant PANK2 cells with residual expression levels. Results: Commercial supplements, pantothenate, pantethine, vitamin E, omega 3, carnitine and thiamine were able to eliminate iron accumulation, increase PANK2, mtACP, and NFS1 expression levels and improve pathological alterations in mutant cells with residual PANK2 expression levels.Conclusion: Our results suggest that several commercial compounds are indeed able to significantly correct the mutant phenotype in cellular models of PKAN. These compounds alone or in combinations are of common use in clinical practice and may be useful for the treatment of PKAN patients with residual enzyme expression levels.
Cultivated autologous limbal epithelial cells (CALEC): product development, manufacture, and initial evaluation of feasibility
Authors: Jurkunas Ula , Yin Jia , Johns Lynette , Li Sanming , Negre Helene , Shaw Kit , Samarakoon Lassana , Ayala Allison , Kheirkhah Ahmad , Katikireddy Kishore , Gauthier Alex , Tone Stephan Ong , Ellender Stacey , Rodriguez Diego Hernandez , Daley Heather , Dana Reza , Ritz Jerome , Armant Myriam
Published: June 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Positive Status Disclosure and Sexual Risk Behaviour Change among People Living with HIV in Northern Region, Ghana
Authors: Kabriku Claver Peter , Ansah Edward Wilson , Hagan John Elvis
Published: June 2022

Objective: To investigate sexual behaviour changes adopted by PLHIV on Antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the Northern Region of Ghana. Methods: We employed a cross-sectional survey with a questionnaire to collect data from 900 clients from nine major ART centres within the region. Chi-square and logistics regression analyses were applied to the data. Results: The common safe sexual behaviours adopted by more than 50% of PLHIV on ART included: condom use, reduction in sexual partners, abstinence, reduction in unprotected sex with married/regular partners, and avoidance of new casual sex partners. Also, the fear of others getting to know patients’ HIV positive status (χ2=7.916, p =.005), fear of stigma (χ2=5.201, p =.023), fear of losing family support (χ2= 4.211, p =.040) and not ready to disclose yet (χ2= 4.475, p =.034) were statistically significant predictors of non-disclosure of HIV positive status among the participants. Moreover, change in sexual behaviour is influenced by; “to avoid spreading the disease to others”, [R2 =.043, F (1, 898) =40.237, p <.0005], “to avoid contracting other STIs [R2 =.010, F (1, 898) =8.937, p < .0005], live long [R2 =.038, F (1, 898) =35.816, p < .0005], hide HIV-positive status [R2 =.038, F (1, 898) =35.587, p < .0005], achieve good results from ART treatment [R2 =.005, F (1, 898) =4. 282, p <.05] and live a Godly life” [R2 =.023, F (1, 898) =20. 880, p < .0005]. Conclusion: Although a high self-disclosure rate of HIV positive status was identified, with more participants disclosing either to their spouses or parents, reasons for disclosure and non-disclosure differed from person to person. Future HIV prevention interventions should be tailored to facilitate open communication on disclosure status and positive sexual behaviour changes.
Effects of a series of large flares from a sunspot group eruption on VLF propagation
Authors: Zhao Xiukun , Niu Youtian , Wang Zhe , Li Bei , Yang Sai , Zheng Zhiyuan
Published: June 2022

The sunspot group continues to evolve, causing flares to erupt under the action of the atmospheric magnetic field. After the flare erupts, the ejected X-rays cause the electron concentration in the ionosphere to increase, and the equivalent reflection height of the ionosphere decreases. We investigate the correlation between the series of flares erupted by sunspot groups and the propagation of VLF signals. We used NOAA sunspot activity area data and solar flare data released by GOSE satellite, counted the series of flares erupted by sunspot group in 2000, and analyzed the size of the flare. Among them, the sunspot group numbered AR9077 erupted continuously with 15 M-level and above flares, X Level 3 flares. Received data from the Alpha VLF navigation station in Haikou, and observed a series of large flares erupted by AR9077. After the flare disk erupted, the phase anomaly of the VLF signal in the ground-ionosphere was caused. Analyze the flare according to the phase anomaly change, calculate the phase velocity when the flare occurs, the equivalent reflection height change, and the X-ray flux to predict the size of the flare. The calculations are consistent with the comparison of data published by the GOSE satellite. The observations show that the VLF signal correlates well with solar flares and sunspots. The VLF signal can be used as a reliable solution for predicting sunspots and solar flares, avoiding the impact of continuous flares of sunspots.
Whole-exome sequencing identified compound heterozygous variants in DNAH5 in a Chinese pedigree with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Authors: Tong Lulu , He Meinan , Xiong Fu , Jia Bei , Cao Ying
Published: June 2022

Purpose: This study was designed to identify the underlying molecular genetic cause of idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) in a nonconsanguineous Chinese family. Methods: All the family members underwent medical history evaluation, physical examination, and laboratory studies. Whole-exome sequencing and RNA sequencing was performed on 2 affected siblings and unaffected parents. All candidate variants were confirmed in all family members by Sanger sequencing and silico function prediction. Results: The proband and his twin brother were diagnosed with IHH, and an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance was identified. Whole-exome sequencing identified the compound heterozygous variants c.9230G>A (p.Arg3077Gln) and c.12883G>A (p.Val4295Met) in DNAH5 in both affected siblings. Sanger sequencing verified that c.9230G>A in DNAH5 was from the unaffected mother and c.12883G>A was from the unaffected father. In addition, we found heterozygous mutations in BBS2 (c.1705delC, p.Gln569fs) and NR5A1 (c.460G>A, p.Ala154Thr) in the siblings, which were from their father.Conclusion: Compound heterozygous variants in DNAH5 were identified in the affected siblings, and were predicted to be pathogenic by silico analysis. This is the first report that suggests variants in DNAH5 are relevant to the pathogenesis of IHH. This study expands the variant spectrum of genes associated with IHH.
Gravity Study of the Crust beneath the Babouri-Figuil and Mayo Oulo-Léré Sedimentary Basins, North Cameroon and South Chad
Authors: Saidou Bouba , Bouba Apollinaire , Oyoa Valentin , Yap Loudi , Kamguia Joseph , Manguelle-Dicoum Eliezer
Published: June 2022

In this work, the crustal structure study of Babouri-Figuil and Mayo Oulo-Léré sedimentary basins was carried out through the interpretation of gravity data. These data were obtained by combining to the terrestrial gravity data those obtained from EGM2008 model. The Analysis of the terrestrial Bouguer anomaly maps revealed negative and positive anomalies. Negative anomalies would be the signature of sedimentary basins while positive anomalies would be attributed to basaltic rocks under granitic environment. To isolate anomalies due to deep structures from those due to near surface structures, we used the empirical method. This method testifies that the residual map of order 4 is an appropriate one. In order to conduct the quantitative interpretation of the combined gravity data, six profiles were drawn on the residual Bouguer anomaly map and therefore were interpreted using spectral analysis and 2.5D modeling methods. The results indicate that the mean depths of mass sources near surface of Babouri-Figuil and Mayo Oulo-Léré sedimentary basins were 1.50km and 1.55km respectively. Moreover, Babouri-Figuil is constituted of two formations of different density contrast while Mayo Oulo-Léré shows three formations. These models helped us to clarify the geological structure of the study area. The results of the present study allow greater understanding the sedimentary basin thickness.
The multiple facets of mitochondrial regulations controlling cellular thermogenesis.
Authors: Beignon Florian , Gueguen Naig , Tricoire-Leignel Hélène , Mattei César , Lenaers Guy
Published: June 2022

Understanding temperature production and regulation in endotherm organisms becomes a crucial challenge facing the increased frequency and intensity of heat strokes related to global warming. Mitochondria, located at the crossroad of metabolism, respiration, Ca2+ homeostasis and apoptosis, were recently proposed to further act as cellular radiators, with an estimated inner temperature reaching 50°C in common cell lines. This inner thermogenesis might be further exacerbated in organs devoted to produce consistent efforts as muscles, or heat as brown adipose tissue, in response to acute solicitations. Consequently, pathways promoting respiratory chain uncoupling and mitochondrial activity, such as Ca2+ fluxes, uncoupling proteins, futile cycling and substrate supplies, provide the main processes controlling heat production and cell temperature. The mitochondrial thermogenesis might be further amplified by cytoplasmic mechanisms promoting the over-consumption of ATP pools. Considering these new thermic paradigms, we discuss here all conventional wisdoms linking mitochondrial functions to cellular thermogenesis in different physiological conditions.
MicroRNA-34b/c is involved in the response of human liver cells to the Corylus avellana L. hazelnut extract
Authors: benassi barbara , Bacchetta Loretta , Pacchierotti Francesca
Published: June 2022

Background Epigenetic regulation by microRNAs (miRs) underlies liver tissue biology and affects the hepatocytes response to pathogens, drugs, and food-derived molecules.Methods and results In this study we characterized the epigenetic role driven by an ethanolic extract of hazelnut (Corylus Avellana L, HZN) in both THLE-2 human primary hepatocytes and HepG2 human hepatocarcinoma cells (HCC), in terms of microRNA-34b/c involvement. Both the precursor transcript and mature molecules (miR-34b and miR-34c) were found hyper-expressed in primary cells if compared to HCC (P<0.05). When treated with HZN (0.04-0.4 mg/ml) for 72h, microRNA-34b/c underwent significant stimulation (≥ 2-fold change, P<0.05) exclusively in primary hepatocytes, whereas 144h of continuous HZN treatment were required to induce such an increase in HCC, demonstrating a different kinetics of miR-34 stimulation in liver cells, according to their either cancer or non-cancer phenotype. In THLE-2 cells, miR-34b/c stimulation plays a significant antioxidant role; when challenged with oxygen peroxide (H2O2 1000-2000 µM, 24h), cells are significantly protected from oxidative stress if pre-treated with HZN, the H2O2-driven cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species generation being recovered by hazelnut. In HCC cells, prolonged exposure (144h) to high HZN concentration (0.4 mg/ml) triggers cell growth arrest and cell death, demonstrating a promising potential anti-neoplastic function of the biomolecules composing the hazelnut extract.Conclusions Overall, our experimental findings demonstrate the epigenomic effect of the Corylus Avellana L. extract in human liver cells in vitro, highlighting the great potential of tree nuts consumption for personalized nutrition and of its bioactive molecules for possible therapeutic options.
Effect of braking torque on vehicle nonlinear dynamics
Authors: Wang Xianbin , Li Weifeng , Li Zhipeng , Li Zexuan , Zhang Fugang
Published: June 2022

To analyze the effect of braking torque on vehicle nonlinear dynamic characteristics, a five-degree-of-freedom(5DOF) vehicle nonlinear dynamic model including braking torque is established in this paper. The global dynamic characteristics of the model are analyzed through the phase space of multiple initial points. The effect of constant braking torque on vehicle dynamic characteristics is studied by time-domain analysis and tire force distribution characteristics of a single initial point. The characteristics of bifurcation and chaos are analyzed by using the differences in trajectories in phase space, the bifurcation diagram of state variables and the Lyapunov exponent spectrum. The results show that the braking torque has a significant impact on the vehicle’s nonlinear dynamic characteristics; With the increase of the braking torque, the five-degree-of-freedom model system may occur multiple bifurcations and hyperchaos under the condition of the zero-steering angle of the front wheel; some instable vehicle dynamic states under zero front-wheel steering angle can only be restored to a stable state with the action of braking torque in a certain range of values.
Generation of far-infrared emission longer than 100 μm by inter-Rydberg transitions of NO
Authors: Hoshino Shoma , Nishimura Kento , Abe Rin , Tsukiyama Koichi
Published: June 2022

We report generation of directional far-infrared emission between Rydberg states (s, p, f, and g Rydberg series) of NO in the gas phase initiated by the absorption of black body radiation at room temperature. All the transitions detected are assignable to the nf → (n – 1)g and n'g → (n' – 1)f transitions. The longest wavelength observed in the present experiment was ~ 112 µm (2.7 THz) which corresponds to the 14f → 13g transition. The laser-prepared population in the 14s and 15s states are transferred to the 13f and 14f states located energetically higher, respectively, which generates the subsequent emission of 13f → 14g at ~ 88 µm and 14f → 13g at ~ 112 µm. Collisions of Rydberg molecules with the surrounding ground state molecules are considered to responsible for the upward population flow. The population in the 14p and 15p states are transported to the 13f and 14f states located energetically lower, respectively, which gives rise to the subsequent emission of 13f → 12g at ~ 88 µm and 14f → 13g at ~ 112 µm.
Research on the Dynamic Behaviors in the Sliding Friction of Silicone
Authors: Gao Yunlong , Wang Yongjuan
Published: June 2022

With the promotion of soft viscoelastic materials in the field of flexible bionic robots, the behavior of sliding friction between soft viscoelastic materials and rigid materials such as metals has attracted great attention. In this study, the research object was silicone, and a research method combining a dynamic force testing technique and a non-contact optical testing technique for deformation and strain was proposed to study the frictional behavior of silicone and the effect of the tooth structure surface on the sliding friction. we analyzed the temporal changes in the friction force for different loads, the dynamic characteristics of large deformation and micro-strain on the front side (define the contact surface as the bottom surface) of the silicone. The results showed that within a certain range, the sliding friction coefficient of the silicone varies linearly with the load, and there were stick-slip and deformation waves during the relative motion. The larger the load was, the faster the deformation wave propagated, and the tooth structure surface had sliding friction anisotropy.
Quantitative assessment method of muzzle flash and smoke at high noise level on field environment
Authors: Yan Chenguang , Zhu Chenguang
Published: June 2022

It is quite a challenge to obtain the temperature and species concentration fields of muzzle flash at high noise level. In this numerical study, radiation intensity of muzzle flash received by the high-speed Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) camera was simulated based on the line-of-sight method in the direct radiative transfer problem. The inverse radiative transfer problem of reconstructing distributions of temperature and soot volume fraction from the knowledge of flame radiation intensity was transformed into a minimization optimization problem and a meta-heuristic algorithm was used to solve the problem. The effects of the number of detection lines, optical thickness and measurement errors on the reconstruction results were discussed in details. A method to estimate the noise level of radiation intensity was developed, experimental results showed that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of radiation intensity can be successfully inferred when the SNR is greater than 20 dB. Subsequently, prior knowledge of the noise level was introduced in the regularization to achieve a meaningful approximation of the exact value. The reconstruction of the soot volume fraction filed with SNR greater than 40 dB is considered successful with the inclusion of an appropriate regularization term in the objective function, and the reconstruction of the temperature field is feasible even with SNR as low as 15 dB. The high tolerance to the noise level of the radiation intensity gives the reconstruction algorithm the potential to be used in practical experiments of muzzle flash.
Levels of Interleukin-35 changes in Gingival Crevicular Fluid after Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy in stage III periodontitis: a randomized, controlled clinical Trial
Authors: Jadhav Ashwini , Rathod Surekha , Kolte Abhay
Published: June 2022

Objectives This parallel, randomized controlled clinical trial evaluated the levels of IL-35 in periodontally healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis patients before and after the Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy (NSPT). Methods: This trial was registered in Clinical trial registry-India (ref no.-REF/2020/03/032301). 60 patients included in the study with an equal allotment ratio for 3 groups of periodontally healthy (Group I), Group II (Gingivitis patients) and Group III (Stage III Periodontitis patients) were evaluated for clinical and biochemical parameters in GCF for levels of IL-35 through enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The patients were subjected to NSPT and the 3 months post therapy levels were examined.Results: Group III exhibited higher values of PPD (5.8500 mm), CAL (7.60), PI (2.8929) while lower PBI (2.1170) and GI (2.1085) scores as compared to Group II. The scores for all these parameters reduced significantly from baseline to 3 months in both the groups after NSPT. IL-35 levels in GCF differed across the groups with minimum values seen for Group III which increased incrementally to Group II and I. Also, the IL-35 levels in GCF significantly reduced from baseline to 3 months amongst Group II and III.Conclusion: The results indicate reduced GCF levels of IL-35 in Group II and III compared to Group I, thereby implying that IL-35 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases.
Efficacy of pemafibrate on triglyceride levels, liver and renal functions compared with femafibrate and bezafibrate in patients with hypertriglyceridemia and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Oya Junko , Nakagami Tomoko , Kondo Yuichiro , Katamine Aki , Shimizu Mika , Hasegawa Yukiko , Babazono Tetsuya
Published: June 2022

Purpose
To evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of pemafibrate, a selective peroxisome proliferator-activator α modulator, with fenofibrate and bezafibrate, classical fibrates, in a real-world setting in patients with hypertriglyceridemia and type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Methods
200 patients with hypertriglyceridemia (> 175 mg/dL) and T2D were studied. Adjusted least square mean percentage changes in serum levels of triglyceride (TG), transaminases, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γGTP), and creatinine kinase (CK) levels, and estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) were compared before and after 3-month therapy with pemafibrate 0.1 mg and 0.2 mg, fenofibrate 160 mg, and bezafibrate 400 mg. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association between the fibrate therapy and achievement of TG target levels (< 175 mg/dL) and the deterioration of liver and renal functions.
Results
The pemafibrate therapy exhibited a greater reduction in TG levels of 50%, which was 3–4 times better at achieving the target range for TGs, than fenofibrate. The administration of pemafibrate but not fenofibrate was significantly associated with a lower risk of elevation in γGTP. Similarly, a smaller risk of reduction in eGFR was observed in the pemafibrate groups than in the fenofibrate group.
Conclusion
Pemafibrate therapy achieved a greater reduction in TG levels towards the desired target range than fenofibrate therapy. Moreover, pemafibrate was associated with a lower risk profile for elevated γGTP and reduced eGFR than fenofibrate.
Multimodal Feature Extraction Algorithm for Potential Frequency in the Fusion of EEG and MRI
Authors: Li Xiaofeng , Huang Heyan
Published: June 2022

To address the problem that the traditional Electroencephalogram (EEG) induces insufficient consideration of multimodal in the potential frequency feature algorithm leading to the degradation of data quality, which in turn affects the accuracy of potential frequency feature extraction. Therefore, we propose a potential frequency multimodal feature extraction algorithm in the Fusion of EEG and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). First, the multimodal EEG was preprocessed. The Empirical mode decomposition was used to decompose the multimodal EEG into multiple Intrinsic Mode Function (IMF) components, extract the principal IMF components, and complete the reconstruction of the multimodal EEG by combining with the EEG frequency calculation. Second, time-frequency reassignment was used to calculate the reconstructed EEG frequency features and complete the coarse extraction of features. Finally, mutual information was used to extract the frequency features most relevant to the induced EEG, to form a new feature set, and to finally realize the potential frequency multimodal feature extraction. Experimental tests were conducted on the BCI2008 competition dataset, DEAP data set, Impedance data set, as well as the stimulation-evoked EEG signal test data set of an individual in a hospital. The results show that the proposed algorithm is characterized by better EEG preprocessing and signal reconstruction effect, strong subspace clustering of frequency features and less spurious frequencies in the feature sequence; the proposed algorithm has the average accuracy of potential frequency feature extraction up to about 95% and the accuracy of EEG signal classification using the extracted features up to about 97%, MRI and EEG signal fusion effect is good, which further verifies the high efficiency of the proposed algorithm and provides a certain theoretical basis for clinical medical research.
Light-wave coherent control of the insulator-to-metal transition in a strongly correlated material
Authors: Silva Rui Emanuel Ferreira da , Molinero Eduardo B.
Published: June 2022

The use of intense tailored light fields is the perfect tool to achieve ultrafast control of electronic properties in quantum materials. Among them, Mott insulators are materials in which strong electron-electron interactions drive the material into an insulating phase. When shinning a Mott insulator with a strong laser pulse, the electric field may induce the creation of doublon-hole pairs, triggering an insulator-to-metal phase transition. In this work, we take advantage of the threshold character of this insulator-to-metal transition and we propose a pump-probe scheme that consists of a mid-infrared laser pulse and a train of short pulses separated by half-period of the mid-infrared with alternating phases. By varying the time-delay between the two pulses and the internal carrier envelope phase of the short pulses, we achieve control of the phase transition, that leaves it fingerprint at its high harmonic spectrum.
Learner Performance-based Behavior Optimization Algorithm: A Functional Case Study
Authors: Ahmed Shahad , Rashid Tarik A.
Published: June 2022

A novel algorithm called learner performance-based behavior algorithm(LPB) was proposed for single and multi-objective by Chnoor M. Rahmanand Tarik A. Rashid in 2021. LPB proved its ability to deal with complex optimizationproblems compared to the dragonfly algorithm (DA), genetic algorithm(GA), and particle swarm optimization (PSO). This paper presents and explainsthe implementation of the LPB algorithm, and it applies it as a model in a casestudy to maximize a fitness function. As a result, the LPB algorithm is successfullyimproved the initial population and achieved the optimal solution.