bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental Practice from Slovenia for Habitat Protection of Proteus anguinus
Authors: Šobot Aleksandar , Bilić-Šobot Diana
Published: February 2025

Slovenia is one of the few countries where the species Proteus anguinus lives. This species' habitat is mainly in the Natura 2000 area of Slovenia. The agricultural industry developed in this area, including local farms and dairies. One of them is the Krepko dairy, strategically located directly in the habitat of the Proteus anguinus. According to current Slovenian legislation, directly releasing wastewater from the dairy industry into the environment is prohibited. For this reason, the dairy is obliged to clean wastewater before releasing into the environment. The Proteus anguinus has a very narrow ecological tolerance regarding its habitat. Because of that, the Krepko dairy wastewater treatment plant has three phases: primary, secondary, and tertiary. The primary phase involves chemical treatment, a process that this paper thoroughly investigates. The process of neutralization, coagulation, and flocculation will be examined, and the impact of this chemical phase on the cleaning process will be analyzed using on-site jar tests and pH measuring instruments. The quality of the chemical treatment will be evaluated based on visual and time data for neutralization, coagulation, and flocculation. The data for chemical oxygen demand will be taken in laboratory analysis as control data for the effectiveness of new chemicals. The primary data of the research will relate to the secondary literature on Proteus anguinus habitat protection ecology. The discussion will link primary and secondary data, highlighting the potential impact on the habitat of Proteus anguinus. The conclusions will outline the main challenges and provide recommendations for better environmental protection of Proteus anguinus, emphasizing the need for immediate action to prevent potential harm.
Effects of Forage-to-Concentrate Ratio on Abnormal Stereotypic Behavior in Lambs and Goat Kids
Authors: Tölü Cemil
Published: February 2025

A crucial component of small ruminant production, particularly where intensive systems are becoming more prevalent, is determining the forage-to-concentrate (F:C) ratio in their daily diets. The effects of the F:C ratio in lamb, and goat kids' daily diets on growth, stereotypical behavior, and blood biochemical parameters were investigated. Eighteen Tahirova sheep lambs and 18 Turkish Saanen goat kids were used, divided into three groups using the following F:C ratios: 20:80, 60:40, and 80:20. Growth rates, weight gains, and feed conversion ratios were determined. Urea nitrogen, glucose, non-esterified fatty acids, creatine kinase and cortisol hormones were measured in blood samples. In lambs, growth remained consistent across F:C groups. In goat kids, however, the 20:80 group showed superior growth and weight gain. Based on the F:C ratios, behavioral differences were found in forage feeding, rumination, water consumption, and standing activities. Similarly, the 20:80 group displayed higher rates of bar biting, crib biting, and wool biting in lambs, as well as bar biting, crib biting, bucket biting, and chain chewing in goat kids. Cortisol levels were significantly higher in the 20:80 group than in the 80:20 group for both species. Insufficient forage can cause abnormal stereotypical behaviors, which negatively impact animal welfare.
South African Township Consumers’ Recycling Engagement and Their Actual Recycling Behavior
Authors: Makhitha Kkathutshelo Mercy
Published: February 2025

Given that there is a huge gap between environmental concerns and actual recycling behaviour, it is important to determine township consumers’ actual recycling behaviour in order to develop sustainable recycling campaigns in townships. Studies have pointed out the significance of consumer engagement in driving actual recycling behaviour as part of climate change. Studies on recycling behaviour in South African townships are limited. The collection of waste in South African townships is less effective than in the urban areas. As a result of this, consumers dispose of their waste informally in the spaces between their houses and shacks. An online survey was conducted among township consumers in South Africa which showed that a positive attitude towards recycling, and perceived behavioral control had a positive and significant effect on consumers’ intention to engage in recycling, whereas subjective norms had no effect. The recycling attitude, personal norms, subjective norms, facilitating conditions and environmental concerns were found to influence consumers’ actual recycling behavior Furthermore, the users’ intention to engage in recycling was found to mediate the relationship between recycling attitude, perceived behavioral control, facilitating conditions and personal norms, and actual recycling behavior.
Organic Food Pricing in Jordan: Does Affordability Hinder Growth?
Authors: Eniola Johnson , Enoch Adeyemi
Published: February 2025

This research explores the dynamics of organic food pricing in Jordan and examines whether the affordability of organic products acts as a barrier to their growth in the local market. The study aims to understand the relationship between the pricing of organic food items and consumer purchasing behaviors, as well as the factors influencing the affordability and accessibility of these products in Jordanian markets.The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys of 300 consumers to analyze pricing perception and affordability, with qualitative interviews of 20 local producers and retailers to understand pricing strategies and market challenges. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and thematic analysis.Key findings suggest that while there is growing interest in organic products, a significant portion of consumers (62%) view organic food as unaffordable. Furthermore, organic food prices were found to be higher by an average of 30-40% compared to conventional products, primarily due to production costs, limited supply, and market inefficiencies. Consumer willingness to pay for organic products was positively correlated with income level and education, but lower-income groups were more likely to perceive organic food as an unattainable luxury.The study concludes that affordability is indeed a major barrier to the growth of the organic food sector in Jordan. While there is potential demand, the high price point limits its accessibility to a broader population. Recommendations include the implementation of government subsidies, improved supply chain efficiencies, and increased consumer education to enhance the affordability and market penetration of organic foods in Jordan.
Efficacy of Nano and Conventional Zinc and Silicon Fertilizers for Nutrient Use Efficiency and Yield Benefits in Maize Under Saline Field Conditions
Authors: Shoukat Abbas , Maryam Uswah , Pitann Britta , Zafar Muhammad Mubashar , Nawaz Allah , Hassan Waseem , Elhindi Khalid M , Saqib Zulfiqar Ahmad , Muehling Karl H
Published: February 2025

The increasing global population and worsening climate change have intensified challenges in sustainable agriculture, particularly in saline-affected regions. Soil salinity, impacting approximately 20% of irrigated lands, severely reduces crop productivity by disrupting plant physiological and biochemical processes. This study evaluates the effectiveness of zinc (Zn) and silicon (Si) nanofertilizers in improving maize (Zea mays L.) growth, nutrient uptake, and yield under both saline and non-saline field conditions. ZnO and SiO₂ nanoparticles were synthesized via co-precipitation and sol-gel methods, respectively, and characterized using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. A split-plot field experiment was conducted, applying nano and conventional Zn and Si fertilizers at recommended rates, with agronomic, chemical, and physiological parameters assessed. The results demonstrated that nano Zn and nano Si significantly enhanced, cob length, and grain yield. Nano Si exhibits the highest increase in biomass (110%) and nutrient use efficiency almost two times more than control under non-saline conditions. Under saline stress, nano Zn and Si improved nutrient uptake efficiency, reduced sodium accumulation, and increased grain yield by 66% and 106%, respectively, compared to the control. PCA analysis revealed a strong correlation between nano Zn and Si applications and improved physiological and yield attributes. These findings highlight the potential of nanotechnology-based fertilizers in mitigating salinity stress and enhancing crop productivity, offering a promising strategy for sustainable agriculture in salt-affected soils.
High-Performance Tall Buildings: An Overview of Recent Developments
Authors: Al-Kodmany Kheir , Ali Mir M.
Published: February 2025

The evolution of tall buildings has been shaped by distinct architectural styles, beginning around 1875 and progressing through various stylistic architectural movements. These changes were driven by advancements in structural engineering and subsequent digital design technologies, leading to greater experimentation with form and function. In particular, the early 21st century saw a significant shift toward a new breed of tall buildings, a suitable architectural vocabulary for which is “high-performance” tall buildings, in which sustainability with a focus on energy efficiency is joined with other active and passive functional systems. High performance is thus a concept that goes beyond sustainability. This paper presents an overview of high-performance tall buildings by exploring the key technologies, materials, innovations, safety, durability, interior environment, and more. It highlights the importance of optimizing and combining innovative and durable functionality of building systems, minimum resource consumption, occupant health and comfort, improved productivity, and continuous performance monitoring to ensure long-term viability. Furthermore, the paper underlines high-performance buildings' environmental and economic benefits, offering strategies for enhancing future design targets to create more appropriate and livable urban landscapes.
Thermal Evaluation of a Water to Air Heat Exchanger Combined with Different Roof Configurations for Passive Cooling
Authors: Almodóvar_Melendo Jose_Manuel , Roche Pablo La
Published: February 2025

Traditional conservation strategies often prioritize minimizing water use; nevertheless, water can also enhance thermal comfort by incorporating a water to air heat exchanger (WAHE) alongside non-direct evaporative and radiant cooling techniques. A WAHE can be installed in features such as ponds, water tanks, or rainwater cisterns. This article assesses the cooling potential of two prototypes of roof ponds and a green roof connected to WAHE. Several testing units measuring 1.35 x 1.35 x 1.35 meters with identical heat characteristics, excluding the roof, were constructed and tested. In the first system, the heat that the green roof could not absorb was transferred to a water reservoir and then dissipated to the outside. The first roof pond prototype features a 0.35 cm deep water pond topped with a 0.03m thick insulating panel and a spray system. The second roof pond variant has an aluminum sheet with a 0.10m air gap above a 0.25m deep water pond. Several test series were conducted over a year, and a comparison was made with a baseline unit that meet California's energy code standards. The results suggest that combining a WAHE with different roof configurations offers promising benefits while keeping water consumption limited.
The Progressive Human Motivation And Needs
Authors: Ozherelev Nikolay
Published: February 2025

Today we all take into account the fact that the human personality does not always act rationally at first glance and how the previous intentions and needs of the ancestors correspond to the person's own actual motives and needs. This also created the need for a new motivational model. Having new data that indicate the incompleteness of currently accepted motivational models, the basis of this study was the creation of a new and more complete one. Based on Maslow's hierarchy of 8 needs, it has been expanded to include the irrational, neutral, and ambivalent areas of human needs, as well as how their value and impact change throughout each individual's life. This also made it possible to update the generally accepted model in relation to modern data.
Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of iCanWork: A Theory-Guided Return to Work Intervention for Cancer Survivors
Authors: Maheu Christine , Parkinson Maureen , Johnson Kyla , Tock Wing Lam , Dolgoy Naomi , Signh Mina
Published: February 2025

Background: Return to work (RTW) after cancer can be a significant challenge with individuals when it comes to return to work (RTW), including physical, psychological, and workplace-related barriers. iCanWork, a multidisciplinary intervention integrating vocational rehabilitation (VR) and occupational therapy (OT), aims to address these challenges and promote sustainable RTW. Methods: This pilot randomized controlled trial evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of iCanWork among 23 individuals touched by cancer (ITBC) randomized to the intervention or control group. Feasibility was assessed by recruitment, retention, and adherence benchmarks. Acceptability was evaluated using participant satisfaction surveys. Preliminary efficacy was measured through RTW status, Work Ability Index (WAI) scores, and health-related quality of life (QoL) outcomes. Results: Feasibility benchmarks were achieved (92% recruitment, 83% retention). Participants found the intervention highly satisfactory for its tailored support. The iCanWork group demonstrated modest improvements in WAI scores (mean change: +2.54) and QoL domains, including Social Roles, while the control group exhibited declines. However, no significant differences in RTW rates or WAI scores were observed between groups, highlighting the need for enhanced and prolonged interventions. Conclusions: he iCanWork intervention is feasible and acceptable, showing potential to address critical barriers to RTW for cancer survivors. Larger trials are warranted to confirm efficacy and optimize intervention strategies for sustainable employment outcomes.
Transforming LCT Pegmatite Targeting Models into AI-Powered Predictive Maps of Lithium Potential for Western Australia and Ontario: Approach, Results and Implications
Authors: Kreuzer Oliver P. , Roshanravan Bijan
Published: February 2025

Lithium-cesium-tantalum (LCT) pegmatites account for circa one-third of global lithium resources and two-thirds of global lithium production. Western Australia, the world's largest supplier of hardrock lithium ores, and Ontario, an emerging lithium mining jurisdiction, have significant endowments that will be critical to the ‘green revolution’ given the predicted transition to lithium-based electromobility. In addition, both jurisdictions show excellent potential for future lithium discoveries given they cover large areas of favorable geology that, by and large, have recorded only limited lithium exploration. Here, we developed holistic LCT pegmatite targeting models for these important jurisdictions, informed by a detailed review of this deposit type and framed in the context of a mineral systems approach. Artificial intelligence (AI)-powered mineral potential modelling (MPM), using multiple, complimentary techniques and guided by the mappable elements of the LCT pegmatite genetic model, not only delivered the first regional scale views of lithium potential across the Archean to Proterozoic terrains of Western Australia and Ontario but also delivered compelling targets for future exploration and though-provoking insights, such as the statistically verifiable proximity relationship between lithium, gold and nickel occurrences. Overall, this study also served to demonstrate the power of precompetitive, high-quality geoscience data, not only for regional scale targeting but also the development of camp-scale targets that are concise enough to be investigated using conventional prospecting techniques.
Evaluation of the Extinguishing Efficiency of Eco-Friendly Soap-Based Media Against Prolonged Simulated Peat Fires
Authors: Kanyama Takahide , Kusin Kitso , Jaya Adi , Dohong Salampak , Uezu Kazuya , Kawahara Takayoshi
Published: February 2025

Peat fires cause large amounts of greenhouse gas emissions, posing significant environmental challenges related to smoke pollution, health hazards, and ecological impacts. Water alone is inefficient for extinguishing peat fires as it struggles to penetrate the soil. Therefore, firefighting agents with high penetration capabilities are added to improve effectiveness. Experiments were conducted in Palangka Raya, Indonesia, to evaluate an environmentally friendly soap-based firefighting agent against peat fires. A 1.5 m × 1.5 m peat area was burned for 24 h to simulate a peat fire, and either groundwater or a 1 vol.% soap-based firefighting agent solution was used for firefighting. Under the former measure, the water required to extinguish the fire was 16.0 and 23.9 L/m2, while under the latter it was reduced to 3.8 and 7.4 L/m2 with the soap-based solution. The time to extinguish the fire was also reduced to approximately one-third under the application of the soap-based solution compared to that required when using water alone. The soap-based firefighting agent proved more effective against peat fires in Indonesia than water alone, reducing both the amount of spray and the time required for spraying. This agent is expected to assist in efficiently managing peat fires, which have become more severe in recent years.
A Commercial Determinants of Health Perspective on Hospital Food for Children in High-Income Countries: We Need to Re-Prioritize Health
Authors: Neri Elena , Thompson Claire , Heyes Caroline , Bostock Nancy , Wills Wendy
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a critical narrative review of issues around hospital food for children in high-income countries. Hospitals in high-income countries do not consistently provide appropri-ate and healthful food environments to their patients and visitors, especially children and young people. This is concerning, as appropriate food intake is fundamental for children and young peo-ple’s prevention and recovery from diseases, physical growth, and psychological development. Hospital food environments, both on wards and in hospital-based food outlets, urgently need to be improved. It is evident that the infiltration of powerful corporate operators within healthcare contexts selling and promoting calorie-dense ultra-processed foods should be avoided in order to minimize public health and patient harms. Food options that are appealing and appropriate for children from minoritized ethnic groups and/or different cultural backgrounds must be routinely provided. Hospitals should be sites of resistance from the commercial determinants of health, protecting children and young people from business interests that damage population health. Appropriate funding will be required to achieve structural changes to take place in this realm. And robust evaluation research needs to be carried out on interventions to improve children’s food in healthcare settings.
Greener Pectin Extraction Techniques: Applications and Challenges
Authors: Haque SK Manirul , Kabir Abuzar , Ratemi Elaref , Elzagheid Mohamed , PA Sreekumar , Ghani Syed Sauban , Sarief Abdullah
Published: February 2025

Pectin is a complex and versatile polysaccharide crucial for various industries. It functions as a thickener, gelling agent, emulsifier, and low-calorie food. Its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties have attracted biomedical interest, while its biodegradability and biocompatibility make it valuable for biomaterial applications. The effectiveness of these applications depends on the quality of pectin extraction procedures While traditional extraction methods exist, green methodologies and alternative techniques have improved pectin's physicochemical properties—a significant advantage for industrial applications. Pectin can be extracted from various sources, with its molecular structure and functional groups analyzed through different characterization techniques. Modern green extraction methods include ultrasound-assisted extraction, pulsed ultrasound-assisted extraction, pulsed electric field, moderate electric field mediated extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, subcritical water extraction, enzyme-assisted extraction, ohmic heating-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted microwave extraction, ultrasound-assisted ohmic heating extraction, hydrothermal processing, high-pressure processing extraction, and dielectric barrier discharge extraction. This review examines these methods' advantages and disadvantages, along with their applications and future possibilities; it serves as a comprehensive guide for researchers exploring new pectin-rich sources and green extraction technologies for commercial applications.
New Facets of Hematolymphoid Eponymic Diseases
Authors: Ng Chi Sing , Qin Jilong
Published: February 2025

Disease eponyms could be confusing, difficult to remember, scientifically non-robust; lacking implications on and relationship with cell lineage, histogenesis and pathogenesis. This review is geared for revisiting hematolymphoid diseases with eponyms in the light of recent advances in technology and science, by searching the literature using Scopus and Google Scholar with the keywords “eponyms, hematolymphoid, diseases, lymphoma, benign, malignant, lymph node, spleen, liver, bone marrow, leukemia” for the past fifty years. With advances in science and technology, there is accumulation of information on the morphologic nuances, immunologic, immunophenotypic and genetic features of various hematolymphoid eponymic diseases; thus shedding light on important issues of etiology and pathogenesis with implications on therapy in various non-neoplastic (Castleman, Kikuchi-Fujimoto, IgG4-related diseases) and neoplastic (Hodgkin, Burkitt, NK/T-cell lymphomas, dendritic/histiocytic neoplasms and Sezary syndrome) diseases. This contributes to modern nomenclature, classification, subtyping, prognostication and discoveries on new treatment strategies of hematolymphoid eponymic diseases.
Expansion of Mechanical Biological Residual Treatment Plant with Fermentation Stage for Press Water from Organic Fractions; Involving a Screw Press
Authors: Bewani Rzgar , Nassour Abdallah , Böning Thomas , Sprafke Jan , Nelles Michael
Published: February 2025

A three-year optimization study was conducted at a mechanical biological treatment (MBT) plant using a screw press to extract organic fractions from mechanically separated fine fractions (MSFF). The study aimed to optimize key operating parameters for the employed screw press (SP) such as pressure, liquid-to-MSFF, feeding quantity per hour, and press basket mesh size to enhance volatile solids and biogas recovery in the generated press water (PW) for anaerobic digestion (AD). Experiments were performed at the full-scale MBT facility to evaluate the efficiency of screw press extraction with other pretreatment methods like press extrusion, wet pulping, and hydrothermal treatment. The results indicated that hydrolysis of the organic fractions in MSFF was the most important factor for improving organic extraction from the MSFF to press water for fermentation. The optimal hydrolysis efficiency was achieved with a digestate and process water-to-MSFF of approximately 1,000 l/ton, with a feeding rate between 8.8 and 14 tons per hour. Increasing pressure from 2.5 to 4.0 bar had minimal impact on press water properties or biogas production, regardless of the press basket size. The highest volatile solids (29%) and biogas (50%) recovery occurred at 4.0 bar pressure with a 1,000 L/ton liquid-to-MSFF. Further improvements could be achieved with longer mixing times before pressing. These findings demonstrate the technical feasibility of the pressing system for preparing an appropriate substrate for the fermentation process and underscore the potential for optimizing the system. However, further research is required to assess the cost-benefit balance.
Barriers and Facilitators of Technology Adoption in Emergency Departments: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Lee Ann Thong , Ramasamy R Kanesaraj , Subbarao Anusuyah
Published: February 2025

Background: Although many industries have seen quick technological advancements, the healthcare industry, particularly the emergency departments, struggles with slow adoption. The majority of research, despite the fact that many have examined the factors that influence medical officers' acceptance of new technologies, concentrates on healthcare as a whole rather than specific departments, such as emergency departments. Methods: This study examines the barriers and facilitators affecting technology adoption in emergency departments by reviewing 30 peer-reviewed articles published between 2019 and 2024 by using keywords such as "technology adoption," "influence factors," "medical technology," "barriers," "healthcare," "emergency departments," "ED," and so on. Results: Several barriers were discovered in this study, including high labour turnover rates, accessibility issues, a lack of technology availability, and a lack of willingness to change owing to heavy workloads. Meanwhile, excellent collaboration and communication, a supportive and active management team, and rigorous education and training all played crucial roles as facilitators. Conclusion: This study highlighted the necessity of customised approaches and cooperative endeavours to tackle the different barriers encountered by emergency departments. This will result in a faster introduction of critical technologies that will improve patient outcomes and operational effectiveness in emergency departments. Further research should go further into these findings and investigate creative techniques to improve technology integration and establish higher standards of care inside emergency departments.
Bad or Good? Proposal Towards a Quality Evaluation for Interventions on Built Heritage
Authors: Alexandra Teodor
Published: February 2025

This paper pleads to the necessity of an international quality standard for built heritage intervention reviews. Despite the established doctrine in the wider field of conservation, the performance of built heritage management is significantly variable in different countries, and the core principles are sometimes glaringly ignored, without consequences. While the management and the corresponding legal areas are very difficult mechanisms to interfere with directly, a review system is seen here as a potentially constraining instrument, albeit indirect, towards a more coherent implementation of the agreed principles of intervention. The proposed system is based, in this preliminary form, on the principles of the Venice Charter as sources for the core evaluation criteria. The purpose is not to generate uniform, plain or unique responses to the generic bad or good question, but rather to determine where interventions can be situated on the spectrum between bad and good. A consistent case study is presented for the recent intervention on the Roman fortress Capidava, in present day Romania. The content is meant to be accessible to a wider audience with interest in built heritage.
Exploring the Potential of ChatGPT in Human Resource Management: Opportunities, Challenges, and Strategic Insights
Authors: Aghaei Raha , Kiaei Ali Akbar , Bush Mahnaz , Vahidi javad , Barzegar Zeinab , Zavvar Mohammad , Rofoosheh Mahan
Published: February 2025

The integration of ChatGPT and human resources management (HRMs) is changing the way organizations manage their workforces. This white paper examines the key benefits and challenges of implementing the ChatGPT in human resource management, providing a comprehensive overview of its effectiveness, integrity, and impact on decision-making. ChatGPT streamline HR processes by automating mundane tasks, reducing biases in hiring and performance appraisal, and supporting individual employee development programs. It also facilitates data-driven decision-making through predictive analytics and provides valuable insights into employee performance and engagement. However, successful adoption of an ChatGPT requires seamless integration with existing systems and ongoing learning and adaptation to address privacy and security concerns. Ethical issues, such as transparency and fairness, are crucial to building trust and ensuring the responsible use of AI. Based on real-world applications and first-time user experiences, this paper provides strategic recommendations for HR professionals and organizations to leverage ChatGPT effectively and create a more efficient, inclusive, and data-driven HR environment.
Doing Everything We Can to Help Our High‐Risk Newborn: A Lifeworld‐Led Study of What Early Risk Assessment for Cerebral Palsy Mean to Parents
Authors: Åberg Kristin Bjørnstad , Dahlberg Karin , Størvold Gunfrid Vinje , Støen Ragnhild , Adde Lars
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Early predictive assessments for CP is recommended for infants with medical risk factors after birth. For parents of children with CP, getting an early diagnosis is important. But most children with risk factors do not develop CP yet are labelled “high-risk infants” and repeatedly assessed for abnormal signs. We aim to investigate the experience of parents of high-risk infants and describe the meaning “early predictive assessments for CP” has for them before they know if their child has CP. Methods: Qualitative study using phenomenological, reflective life-world approach. 14 individual in-depth interviews with parents who received different GMA results, about their experiences involving early predictive assessments. The interviews were analyzed for meaning. Results: Early predictive assessments take place over time while parents process the traumatic experience of becoming parents to an infant at risk. “Early predictive assessment” is perceived as any examination or assessment intended to unveil signs of illness or disability. The child’s future well-being and fulfillment, and the demands of parenthood, are at stake. Essential meaning structures are 1) On a spectrum from death to insignificancies, 2) Living with uncertainty of what the parental role will entail, and 3) Seeing your child through the eyes of strangers, just in case. Conclusions: During months following birth of a high-risk child parents experience uncertainty and worrying affecting the parent-infant relationship. Predictive assessments reduce their sense of alarm when the GMA result indicates low-risk of CP. But when the GMA result is uncertain, the burden of uncertainty is amplified and prolonged.
Study on Molecular Mechanism of Cysticercus Cellulosae TPx Protein Regulating Th1/Th2 Cell Imbalance Through JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway
Authors: Mu Qianqian , Cai Haojun , Xiong Haiting , Zhou Biying
Published: February 2025

Cysticercosis is a serious zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the larval cysts of Taenia solium parasitizing humans or pigs. The immune pathogenesis of this disease is currently unclear. Preliminary studies found that the thioredoxin peroxidase (TPx) protein in the excretory-secretory antigens (ESA) of the cysticercus cellulosae can induce T-cell immune imbalance in piglets, leading to a Th2-type immune response. In this study, flow cytometry revealed that TPx protein can induce Th1 cells differentiation within 24 hours and Th2 cells differentiation within 48 hours. Further analysis of the different transcriptomes after TPx protein treatment of Jurkat T cells suggested that TPx protein may induce host Th1/Th2 cells imbalance through the janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway. Western blot results indicated that treatment with TPx protein for 48 hours significantly increased the expression of p-JAK3, p-STAT6, and GATA3 proteins. Interestingly, after using a JAK3 inhibitor, the expression level of the Th1 transcription factor TBX21 significantly increased, indicating that after inhibiting Th2 cells differentiation, T cells tend to differentiate toward the Th1 cells direction. In summary, the JAK/STAT signaling pathway plays a key role in the cysticercus cellulosae TPx protein induced Th1/Th2 cells imbalance, providing important scientific evidence for elucidating the immune pathogenesis of cysticercosis and vaccine development.
Epigenetic Mechanisms in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Systematic Review
Authors: Ragusa Rosetta , Bufano Pasquale , Tognetti Alessandro , Laurino Marco , Caselli Chiara
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous inflammatory condition characterized by progressive airflow limitation which may be caused by genetic and environmental factors. Beside, epigenetic mechanisms could provide valuable insights into the complex interactions between environment and genes and subsequent development of the disease. The aim of this study is to provide a systematic review of the latest knowledge on epigenetic modifications that characterize COPD summarizing epigenetic factors that could serve as potential novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the treatment of COPD patients.
Methods: We queried the PubMed and Scopus electronic databases with specific keywords, in May 2024, according to the PRISMA guidelines, and articles were included if they met all the inclusion criteria and survived a quality assessment
Results: We identified 5414 publications in our systematic search. Among them, only 51 articles met the criteria of COPD-associated epigenetic modifications in human patients compared to control group. 8 studies described DNA methylation, 1 study histone modifications, and 42 studies non-coding RNAs.
Conclusion: Apoptosis and inflammatory pathways have been found to be the main mechanisms regulated by epigenetic elements in COPD patients. In addition, non-coding RNAs may be useful as biomarkers or therapeutic targets of pulmonary disease. Future studies will be needed to confirm the role of epigenetic elements associated with COPD.
Exercise-Induced Acute Physiological Responses of Velocity, Power and Temperature in Paralympic and Conventional Powerlifting Athletes
Authors: Souza Rafael Luiz Mesquita , Aidar Felipe J. , Santos Leonardo dos , Dos Santos Jymmys Lopes , Souza Lucio Marques Vieira , Carneiro André Luiz Gomes , Almeida-Neto Paulo Francisco de , Cabral Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinoco , Marçal Anderson Carlos , Nikolaidis Pantelis T.
Published: February 2025

BACKGOUND: In powerlifting, velocity indicators and skin temperature have been utilized to control training loads for both conventional athletes and athletes with disabilities.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate maximum velocity (Vmax), mean propulsive velocity (MPV), power output, and skin temperature (ST) following a 5x5 training session at 80% 1RM in conventional powerlifters (CP) and powerlifters with disabilities (PD).METHODS: 24 male athletes (12 CP and 12 PD) underwent a 5x5 training session at 80% 1RM. Post-session, velocity indicators, power output, and ST were assessed at 45% 1RM.RESULTS: Only the CP group exhibited significant differences in Vmax (P < 0.015), MPV (P < 0.007), and power output (P < 0.022) between time points. Regarding ST, only the PD group showed differences (P < 0.004) in the sternal portion of the pectoralis major. For the long head of the triceps brachii, differences were observed between groups in the post-session measurement (P > 0.024) and for the PD group only in the post-session measurement (P < 0.002).CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that following a traditional training session (80% 1RM), assessments at 45% 1RM revealed different kinetics in velocity, power output, and ST measures between CP and PD groups. These findings suggest that within the same sport discipline, training variables may have distinct impacts across different categories of athletes.
The Effect Of Exercise On Psychological Disorders In Patients Undergoing Treatment For Childhood Cancers
Authors: Koç Kenan , Arslan Tuba , Pepe Osman , Kaynak Kerimhan , Yüce Mustafa Soner , Dalbudak İbrahim , Atar Özdemir , Koçyiğit Berat , Bayıroğlu Gül Bahar , ÜNVER Şaban , Küçük Hamza , Ceylan Levent , Şahin Fatma Neşe
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of exercise on psychological disorders in patients receiving childhood cancer treatment. Methods: The universe of the study consisted of cancer patients between the ages of 9-17 who were treated in the Hematology-Oncology units of Erciyes University. For creating a sample group, children with cancer were informed about the content of the study. 40 children with cancer agreed to participate in the study voluntarily. The volunteers were divided into two groups, control and experimental, each consisting of 20 people. As pre test, while participants were administered a socio-demographic information form, Kovacs Depression, Beck Anxiety and child form of the pediatric cancer quality of life scale. Volunteers in the experimental group engaged in aerobic and strength ex-ercises for an eight-week period. The study was completed with 8 volunteers in the control group and 14 volunteers in the experimental group due to various factors such as voluntary withdrawal, disease progression, and mortality. After this period, the volunteers were asked to apply the same scales once more as post test. The SPSS 22.00 statistical analysis program was performed. The Independent Samples t-Test was em-ployed to compare the pre-test and post-test findings of the control and experimental groups, while the Paired Samples t-Test was used for within-group evaluations. Re-sults: In intragroup comparisons, significant differences were observed in favor of the post-test scores within the experimental group for both the anxiety scale and the qual-ity of life children's form. In intergroup comparisons, significant differences were de-tected in favor of the experimental group regarding the post-test scores of depression and anxiety scales. Conclusion: It is postulated that this outcome stems from the posi-tive effects of sports activities in helping children undergoing cancer treatment to dis-tance themselves from their psychological adversities.
Travel Time Information on Signalized Arterials
Authors: Jang Jinhwan
Published: February 2025

Travel time information has become an essential component of everyday commuting. Without such information, schedule delays would increase, leading to inevitable losses in traveler utility. In Korea, dedicated short-range communication transponders that identify vehicles have been installed along signalized arterials to collect travel time data. By matching vehicle identifications at consecutive points, travel times can be measured. However, for travel time information to be effective, two types of data processing techniques are required: outlier filtering and travel time prediction. This study proposes algorithms to address both challenges. An outlier filtering algorithm based on the median-based confidence interval was developed, taking into account the travel time characteristics on suburban arterials with frequent entry and exit points. Additionally, a travel time prediction algorithm that integrates Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), referred to as LSTM-CNN, was developed to capture both long-term trends and local patterns in travel time data. The implementation of these algorithms resulted in a 2.2% reduction in error rates under congested conditions compared to current practices. At the 4-kilometer study site, the annual benefits from this error reduction could amount to $135,200.
Effect of Pretreatment Methods on the Sensory and Nutritional Properties of a Yoghurt-Like Product Made from Tiger Nuts (Cyperus esculentus L.)
Authors: Kamda Aristide Guillaume Silapeux , Changam Hans Martial , BOUELET NTSAMA Isabelle Sandrine , Mbassi Gilbert Manga , Razinkou Abdou , Nyangono Christine , Ponka Roger , BIH ACHU Mercy , Fokou Elie
Published: February 2025

Under-exploited local plant resources such as tiger nuts (Cyperus esculentus L.) have significant nutritional potential to help consumers boost their immune systems and combat nutritional deficiencies. Tiger nuts can be used to produce a less expensive plant-based yoghurt that would enable people suffering from lactose intolerance to enjoy its benefits. This study aimed to evaluate the sensory acceptability and nutrition-al properties of a yoghurt-like product made with tiger nuts pre-treated by various methods (soaking, drying, roasting, boiling, germination). Nutritional analyses were carried out using conventional methods. Quantifying bioactive and antinutrient com-pounds (tannins, phytates, oxalates and saponins) were conducted via spectropho-tometry and titration methods. A subjective sensory analysis and the organoleptic characteristics was carried out. Yoghurt samples made with tiger nuts, pretreated through roasting (RYS) showed the best sensory characteristics and overall acceptabil-ity. Drying of tiger nuts resulted in a significantly higher energy value, as did the pro-tein content (5.46%) in the germinated yoghurt and the fibre content (2.80%) in the boiled yoghurt. With regard to bioactive compounds, phenolic compounds (393.39mgEAG/100gMS) were more abondant in the yoghurt whose seeds were boiled while the content of alkaloids; (1178.08 mgEC/100gMS) were higher in the products made with roasted tiger nuts. Drying, boiling, roasting and germination were respec-tively the most effective pretreatment methods for the reduction of the amount of tan-nins, oxalate, phytate and saponin. Making yoghurt with roasting tiger nuts appear to be the best option as regards to its sensory attributes and its nutritional properties. The consumption of that yoghurt will be of great importance specifically for those suffering from lactose intolerance.
1.3 Micron Photodetectors Enabled by the SPARK Effect
Authors: Crsici Teresa , Moretti Luigi , Gioffrè Mariano , Hashemi Babak , Mammeri Mohamed , Della Corte Francesco G. , Casalino Maurizio
Published: February 2025

In this work, we present a graphene-based photodetector specifically engineered to op-erate at a wavelength of 1310 nm. The device leverages the SPARK effect, previously investigated only at 1550 nm. It features a hybrid waveguide structure comprising hy-drogenated amorphous silicon, graphene, and crystalline silicon. Upon optical illumi-nation, defect states release charge carriers into the graphene layer, modulating the thermionic current across the graphene/crystalline silicon Schottky junction. The photo-detector demonstrates a peak responsivity of 0.3 A/W at 1310 nm, corresponding to a noise-equivalent power of 0.4 pW/Hz¹/². The experimental results provide deeper insights into the SPARK effect by enabling the determination of the efficiency × lifetime product of carriers at 1310 nm and its comparison with values previously reported at 1550 nm. The wavelength dependence of this product is analyzed and discussed. Additionally, the response times of the device are measured and evaluated.
The silicon-based fabrication approach employed is versatile and does not rely on sub-micron lithography techniques. Notably, reducing the incident optical power en-hances the responsivity, making this photodetector highly suitable for power monitoring applications in integrated photonic circuits.
Development of Novel Anti-Rhinoceros Podoplanin Monoclonal Antibodies for Flow Cytometry, Western Blot, and Immunohistochemistry
Authors: Suzuki Hiroyuki , Fujisawa Shiori , Ubukata Rena , Tanaka Tomohiro , Nomura Airi , Shinoda Keisuke , Nakamura Takuya , Satofuka Hiroyuki , Li Guanjie , Kaneko Mika K. , Kato Yukinari
Published: February 2025

Podoplanin (PDPN) is a type I transmembrane protein with a highly glycosylated extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and a short intracellular domain. PDPN expression is observed in normal tissue and cells, including lung type I alveolar epithelial cells, kidney podocytes, and lymphatic endothelial cells. Therefore, anti-PDPN monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in various animal species helped to identify PDPN-positive cells.We have developed anti-PDPN mAbs in more than 20 species. These anti-PDPN mAbs are applicable to flow cytometry, western blot, and immunohistochemistry. In this study, anti-rhinoceros PDPN (rhiPDPN) mAbs, PMab-315 (mouse IgG2a, kappa) and PMab-324 (mouse IgG2b, kappa) were established using the Cell-Based Immunization and Screening (CBIS) method. PMab-315 and PMab-324 strongly recognized the rhiPDPN-overexpressed Chinese hamster ovary K1 (CHO/rhiPDPN) and exhibited the same KD value (4.5 × 10−8 M) for CHO/rhiPDPN by a flow cytometry-based assay. Both mAbs can detect rhiPDPN in western blot and immunohistochemistry. These results suggest the usefulness of PMab-315 and PMab-324 for the pathological analysis of rhinoceros-derived tissues and cells.
Emotional Modulation of Decision Processes in Coal Mine Emergencies: ERP Insights into Miners’ Crisis Response
Authors: Zhao Yifan , Tian Shuicheng , Mao Junrui , Shao Guangtong
Published: February 2025

In high-risk mining environments, the emotional state of individuals can play a critical role in shaping decision-making during emergencies. To investigate this phenomenon, we adopted an event-related potential (ERP) approach within a within-subject experimental framework. Participants were first exposed to a series of emotionally evocative cues designed to elicit distinct affective states, immediately followed by decision-making tasks that simulate coal mine emergency scenarios. Behavioral indices—such as reaction speed and task engagement—were recorded concurrently with ERP signals, with a specific focus on components including N1, P2, N2, P300, and LPP. Our analysis revealed that both the valence and intensity of emotional cues substantially modulated the decision-making process, as reflected by significant variations in response times and ERP measures. These findings offer fresh insights into the neural mechanisms through which emotional factors influence critical decisions in crisis situations, highlighting implications for the development of enhanced safety strategies in coal mining operations.
Housing: The Most Neglected of Territorial Policies
Authors: Melo Maria da Conceição
Published: February 2025

This communication reflects on the relationship and impact of housing policies on territorial policies, particularly municipal territorial policies. Initially, it reviews legislation that regulates territorial management instruments (TMI) to understand how sectoral housing policy flows into TMIs and how it integrates with municipal territorial strategy. This reflection is cross-referenced with identifying various levels of responsibility and competence for defining and implementing public housing policies. Until now, housing policy has been considered a central government prerogative, leaving municipalities with executive and operational tasks without territorial dimension. The current legislative framework is then examined to understand the current situation and opportunities represented by work done under the "1º Direito" program for territorial and urban planning. To this end, two third-generation Municipal Master Plan were ana-lysed in terms of the housing component, and it was concluded that in both, the integration of housing into territorial policies is incipient in one and somewhat significant in the other. The preparation of Municipal Housing Charters, as defined in the Basic Law on Housing, are the appropriate instrument for integrating housing as a strategic axis of territorial pol-icy. Monitoring these Charters' implementation, their incorporation into PDMs, and evaluating existing housing measures implementation will be important. The century-long housing problem indicates a lack of critical evaluation of public policies. In this sense, the LBH's implementation, particularly in its monitoring component materialised in the Annual Housing Report, will be fundamental.