bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cak Nur on Politics: Indonesian Political Islam and the Role of Islamic Politics
Authors: Hamudy Nurul Annisa , Hamudy Moh Ilham A
Published: June 2022

The Indonesian political elites tend to use Muslims for their personal interests, instead of making Islam as their moral guide in the political arena, despite Nurcholish Madjid’s (Cak Nur) secularization is needed. For this reason, this research discusses the political ideals of Cak Nur, especially the idea of ​​secularization in the midst of the current political Islam in Indonesia. Using a descriptive method, literature study, and a qualitative approach, the results of the study showed that Islam essentially is not merely a formal structure or composition and collection of laws of the state and government. Islam is the embodiment of tawḥīd. It is a spiritual force that can give birth to a soul that is ḥanīf, inclusive, democratic, and respects society’s pluralism. Therefore, an understanding of more advanced Islamic teachings, such as Cak Nur’s secularization concept which according to Cak Nur's does not lead to secularism; as well as the need for freedom of thought, an idea of ​​progress, and openness to ideas are a necessity in Indonesia. As such Moslem should use a secular lens to view worldly matters that need rational and objective thinking, rather than using faith, Islamic law, ʻaqīda (creed), and ʻibāda (worship) which are spiritual matters.
Philosophical Sufism and Legal Culture in Nusantara: An Epistemological Review
Authors: Wasitaatmadja Fokky Fuad , Susetio Wasis
Published: June 2022

A research on the relation between sufism, sharia, and the local culture is essential for some reasons. First, Islamic philosophy and customary law (or the law of the peoples) are perceived as opposing each other. Second, Islamic philosophy, also in Geertz’s theory, regards Islam merely as the structure of religious orthodoxy. Third: the structure of Islamic orthodoxy, often portrayed as a highly rigid one, is often (seen as) conflicting with sufism in the world of Islamic scholarship. This paper aims to determine the dynamic relation between the spiritual values ​​of Sufism and traditional values ​​surviving in the so-called Nusantara legal culture. It also elaborates on the extent to which a distinct epistemology typical to sufism may contribute to enriching the cultural space of Nusantara law. As normative legal research, this paper employs the principle of legal culture developed by Lawrence M. Friedman. It concludes that the spiritual values ​​of sufism are not conflicting with the principles of Islamic jurisprudence. It would also argue that the construction of Nusantara legal culture has a unique character resulted from dynamic interaction of traditional values, on the one hand, and sufism on the other.
The Role of the Malay Customary Institution in Off-Court Divorce Mediation: A Case Study in Rantau Pandan, Jambi
Authors: Azwar Zainal , Firdaus Firdaus , Nafis Muhammad
Published: June 2022

In general, the concept of mediation in fiqh literature concerns merely with pre-divorce conflicts. In contrast, the Malay Customary Institution in Rantau Pandan, Jambi also concerns with restoring household integrity after divorce. This paper aims at describing and analyzing the role of the Malay Customary Institution in restoring post-divorce households in Rantau Pandan. The field research was conducted where the data taken from in-depth interviews and documentation. This paper concludes that there are two forms of mediation process practiced by the Malay Customary Institution in Rantau Pandan: the mediation that is prompted by the initial request of the involving parties and that is without the precondition of reconciliation. The success of the Customary Institution in mediating familial conflicts is supported by several factors, such as; the competence of the mediators, kinship relations, and the goodwill of the respective parties. The mediation practiced of the Customary Institution works in line with the guidance of the Qur’ān and the principle of mediation in Islam. Additionally, this institution has developed the concept of mediation outside the court, both in terms of form and task.
A Set of Prayer Outfits as a Mahar? Discrimination against Women in the ʻUrf Reality of the Archipelago’s Fiqh
Authors: Yenti Endri , Busyro Busyro , Ismail Ismail , Rosman Edi , Wadi Fajrul
Published: June 2022

Provisions of mahar (dowry) in Islam practiced by the Prophet Muhammad and his companions are substantially used as a standard of giving dowry in a marriage. Mahar provided by the Prophet as well as those by his companions had a high economic value; unless they were fortuneless. However, what has been practiced by many recently does not reflect the deed of the Prophet Muhammad. Nowadays, people tend to provide a set of prayer outfit as a mahar, an item which could not support a family financially. Even if some people do provide high-priced mahar, yet much of it is used before akad (the marriage vow) to finance a wedding reception, rather than handing out the money directly to the wife. This article aims at evaluating this tradition, since it discriminates against women’s privilege of mahar. From the findings of the research, it is concluded that traditions; giving a set of prayer outfit to women, or using mahar as a payment for a wedding reception discriminate against women’s rights because the essence of mahar is to economically support or help the wife in the future. According to the provisions of ʻurf, this tradition does not fit in the Islamic law and is not legitimate to be incorporated into the Archipelago’s fiqh.
MODEL PERSAINGAN PASAR MONOPOLISTIK DALAM PENENTUAN HARGA OBAT PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Sofiah Sofiah , Rizkiya Tri Wahyu , Annizar Anas Ma'ruf
Published: June 2022

Competition between pharmacies is increasing, especially during the pandemic, so they have to compete with each other for marketing strategies. The purpose of this study is to describe the determination of drug prices and income levels during the pandemic. The type of research used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The results showed that the determination of drug prices at Kraksaan pharmacies in three pharmacies in the city had different standards. In determining drug prices, pharmacies use the HET standard or commonly known as the highest retail price. However, there are also pharmacies that have their own standard price with a percentage of the purchase price with an agreed number and have an agreed price at the beginning of the VAT price. At the kraksaan city pharmacy, there are a number of drugs that are above HET and below HET with additional margins that have been determined at each pharmacy. In addition, income at pharmacies in the city of Kraksaan has increased more during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is due to a number of factors, one of which is the condition of society during the pandemic. When people experience complaints, they will buy drugs at pharmacies, therefore income at pharmacies has increased during the pandemic
PENGARUH PREMI DAN KLAIM TERHADAP DANA TABARRU’ PADA PERUSAHAAN ASURANSI JIWA SYARIAH DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2016 – 2019
Authors: Saputri Deviana Indah , Wirman Sutan
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh premi dan klaim terhadap dana tabarru’ pada perusahaan asuransi jiwa syariah di Indonesia periode 2016 – 2019 . Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dan sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder. Populasinya adalah perusahaan asuransi jiwa syariah di Indonesia tahun 2016 – 2019 sedangkan samplingnya adalah 5 perusahaan asuransi syariah di Indonesia. Teknik analisis berupa uji asumsi klasik,  regresi linier berganda, uji t (pengaruh parsial) dan uji f (pengaruh simultan). Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji t, nilai signifikan dana tabarru’ yaitu 0,000 premi dan 0,003 klaim yang artinya kedua variabel tersebut secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap dana tabarru’ perusahaan asuransi jiwa syariah di Indonesia, sedangkan untuk analisis uji f, nilai signifikan premi dan klaim terhadap dana tabarru’ adalah 0,000 yang berarti secara simultan premi dan klaim berpengaruh signifikan terhadap dana tabarru’ perusahaan asuransi jiwa syariah di Indonesia.
Measuring Employee Work Stress Level on Cyberloafing Behavior
Authors: Carito Danang Wikan , Widagdo Suwignnyo , Dimyati Muhaimin
Published: June 2022

The drastic increase in the use of information technology ranging from computers, laptops and smartphones tends to allow for a wide-scale transformation in human life. Coupled with a very big change, namely the emergence of the internet in the midst of society, where all information can be presented according to the needs of its users, and users are no longer limited by age, especially from educational and work backgrounds. The purpose of this research is to find a solution to the problem which will later provide an overview and empirical evidence of the problem of cyberloafing behavior carried out by employees of the Village Government Office in Lumajang Regency. The data collection technique in this research questionnaire is to use an online questionnaire to 80 respondents at the Village Government Office in Lumajang Regency. Management of data in this study using the help of the IBM SPSS Statistics Version 24 program. The analysis used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that: 1) role conflict had a significant effect on cyberloafing behavior, 2) role ambiguity had no significant effect on cyberloafing behavior, 3) role overload had no significant effect on cyberloafing behavior.
Recognition and Measurement of Fixed Assets
Authors: Meilan Ria , Kustono Alwan Sri , Winarno Wahyu Agus
Published: June 2022

This research is different from previous research, this research focuses on the process that forms a system in the application of recognition and measurement of fixed assets with the problems that follow based on the perspective of PSAP 07. This type of qualitative research is used in this study with a case study approach. Sources of data through interviews, documentation, and observations of asset officers and accounting officers within the Dinas Kesehatan and UPT Puskesmas of Lumajang Regency. The validity of the data using the triangulation technique. The results of the study indicate that the application of recognition and measurement of fixed assets based on the perspective of PSAP 07 is carried out by the system that has been formed in the organization. This system serves as the basis for employees who are responsible for managing fixed assets. A theoretical contribution to this research is to strengthen Institutional theory. The practical contribution is a recommendation for the government maintain the system that has been formed with the hope that the management of fixed assets in OPD will be of higher quality.
Revealing Spiritual-Based Mental Accounting
Authors: Wildan Wildan Khisbullah Suhma , Sulistiyo Agung Budi , Prasetyo Whedy
Published: June 2022

This study aims to find out about the existence of mental accounting and its obstacles in a Faculty (Faculty C) at an Islamic College in the Tapal Kuda area, East Java. This research is quantitative research with lecturers and managers of Faculty C at the university as an informant. Researchers used the interaction analysis method developed in this study. From the results of interviews, observations, and documentation conducted by the author, it was found that in uncovering spiritual-based mental accounting, there are three major underlying points, namely the Value in Nrimo Ing Pandum, the Productivity Development, and Ikhlas Beramal. Nrimo Ing Pandum is God's will to provide an environment and opportunity to work productively and successfully. The productivity of human resources for educators is given responsibility by making textbooks for each subject taught. Ikhlas beramal occurs because of a charitable process that is influenced by a charity that is continuously carried out by individuals.
The Effectiveness of Law No. 2 of 2020 concerning the Fiscal Policy Strategy of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia in Dealing with the Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sopanah Ana , Haikal Mohammad Fauzi Fikri
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of Law No. 2 of 2020 as a fiscal policy strategy set by the government of the Republic of Indonesia in dealing with economic problems emerging driven by the Covid-19 pandemic. A total of eight people were informants of this study. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The stages of data analysis were collecting, reducing, and presenting the data, followed by concluding. The novelty of this research is shown by the disclosure of the effectiveness of Law No. 2 of 2020 as a government fiscal policy strategy in overcoming the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that three functions, namely convenience, stability, and change, are dimensions of the regulatory function of the law in question, which can have a positive impact on restoring economic activities during the Covid-19 pandemic. The law, including as one of the national economic recovery programs, can be said to be effective during the pandemic.
The Coffee Business Management with Islamic Symbols: Total Motivation Model and Shari’ah Enterprise Theory Approach
Authors: Puspitasari Novi
Published: June 2022

There is a coffee product under the brand BIKLA. This coffee is produced by the Pesantren (Islamic boarding school) cooperative located in Bangsalsari District, Jember Regency. This coffee is unique because on the front packaging it says "Barokah Ibrahimy", while on the back packaging it says "Barokah Rotibul Haddad from the students (santri). The purpose of this research is (1) exploring the application of business management in BIKLA coffee company; (2) explore the alignment of the implementation of business management in BIKLA coffee company with Total Motivation Model and Shari’ah Enterprise Theory. This research uses qualitative methods with a case study approach. Data is obtained by in-depth interviews and observations. The results showed that the company implemented collaborative business management, namely the merger of business management aimed for commercial and afterlife for production activities, human resource management, marketing, and finance. The application of business management on BIKLA coffee company can be in line with Shari’ah Enterprise Theory and with the Total Motivation Model
Un diario de viaje del siglo XVI como antecedente de las prácticas de rescate y recuperación de libros anegados
Authors: Romero Ramírez Martha Elena
Published: June 2022

El texto trata sobre las acciones para la atención de libros anegados en dos momentos históricos distintos. El primero, encontrado en el diario de viaje de fray Bartolomé De las Casas, cuando en el siglo XVI salió de Salamanca (España) hacia Ciudad Real, en Chiapas (Nueva España), escrito por fray Tomás de la Torre. En él se describen detalladamente el viaje y el rescate y recuperación de los libros que naufragaron con los dominicos en la bahía de Términos. El segundo momento comprende las labores de rescate y recuperación llevadas a cabo en Florencia en 1966, después del gran aluvión. Se analizan y comparan los objetivos y las acciones de rescate realizadas en esos dos sucesos, así como su relación con el tipo de encuadernación de los libros recuperados. Se establece la interrogante de determinar el valor histórico del manuscrito de De la Torre como el primer documento conocido hasta hoy que registra los pasos seguidos para el rescate y recuperación de libros anegados en México. ______ This piece covers the actions taken for the care of waterlogged books in two different historical contexts. The first, found in the travel diary of friar Bartolomé De las Casas, when in the XVI century he left Salamanca (Spain) for Ciudad Real, in Chiapas (New Spain), as written by friar Tomás de la Torre. It describes in detail the trip and the rescue and recovery of the books that were shipwrecked with the Dominicans in the Bahía de Términos. The second context includes the rescue and recovery work carried out in Florence in 1966, after they suffered a great flood. The objectives and the rescue actions carried out in these two events are analyzed and compared, as well how their actions were determined by the types of bindings of the recovered books. The question of determining the historical value of De la Torre’s manuscript as the first document currently known that records the steps followed for the rescue and recovery of flooded books in Mexico is established.
Formulations and characteristics of cookies made of organic red bean, soybean, and sago composites-based flour
Authors: Rahmawani Rahmawani , Fitriyaningsih Eva
Published: June 2022

Cookies are a food product favored by people of all ages. Meanwhile, composite flour is flour from several types of raw materials, such as tubers, nuts, cereals with or without wheat flour, or cereals with or without wheat. The composite flour is used as a raw material for food processing, such as bakery and extrusion products. This research was an experimental study using a completely randomized design (CRD). The organoleptic test was employed to examine the smells, tastes, textures, and colors of organic red bean, soybean, and sago composites-based flour. The physical properties test examined the swelling power test. Then, the collected data were analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) from a completely randomized design to determine statistically significant treatments. If a relationship had been founded, the next step was continued to Duncan’s test. The results of this study indicated that the addition of composite flour in the cookies significantly brought different effects. Formula 1 with the addition of 30% composite flour had the best taste, odor, and texture. However, its color was not better than formula 2, without any addition of composite flour. This study suggests that a further intervention formula should investigate the mixing of the resulted colors or use natural dyes to improve the color of cookies
KİTAP DEĞERLENDİRME: Osmanlı Avrupa’sında Bölücülük Cereyanı: Makedonya Komitacılarının Anıları, Derleyen, Çeviren ve Notlandıran: Mümin İsov, Ergün Hasanoğlu, Selenge Yayınları, İstanbul 2021, 280 sayfa, ISBN 978-625-7459-34-1.
Authors: AKYAY Bülent
Published: June 2022

Osmanlı Avrupa’sında Bölücülük Cereyanı: Makedonya Komitacılarının Anıları, Derleyen, Çeviren ve Notlandıran: Mümin İsov, Ergün Hasanoğlu, Selenge Yayınları, İstanbul 2021, 280 sayfa, ISBN 978-625-7459-34-1.
KİTAP DEĞERLENDİRME: John Athanasios Mazis, Athanasios Souliotis-Nikolaidis and Greek Irredentism A Life in the Shadows, Lexington Books, London 2022, 195 sayfa, ISBN 9781793634443
Authors: KIRLIDÖKME MOLLAOĞLU Ferhan
Published: June 2022

John Athanasios Mazis, Athanasios Souliotis-Nikolaidis and Greek Irredentism A Life in the Shadows, Lexington Books, London 2022, 195 sayfa, ISBN 9781793634443
CONTROLLING A COMPUTER NODE USING PROJECTOR-LESS STOCHASTIC APPROXIMATION ALGORITHMS FOR UNAUTHORIZED INPUT FLOW MODIFICATIONS
Authors: Tkachenko Kirill
Published: June 2022

The aim of the work is to propose a decision-making approach for managing a computer node in the face of unauthorized input traffic modifications. The research methods are analytical modelling of queuing systems and stochastic approximation algorithms. The results of the research and novelty are to obtain an approach based on the stochastic approximation algorithms for adaptive decision making under a priori uncertainty of input data. Findings of the obtained approach allow increasing the efficiency of computer systems in case of unauthorized intrusions.
Corruption and Demography during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia
Authors:   Universitas Paramadina, Indonesia, Naomi Prima , Akbar Iqbal , Annas Faris Budiman
Published: June 2022

COVID-19 pandemic dramatically changed the face of the world, including Indonesia. With more economic relief packages injected into public spending, corruption opportunities have risen, especially under the weakening corruption monitoring system. This article presents significant findings from the survey on the practice of corruption during the pandemic that can paint an understanding of corruption in Indonesia. Two survey rounds were conducted with respondents around Indonesia starting mid-to-end 2020, gathering 2,093 responses. The ordinary least-square (OLS) regression unveils that people who live in rural areas or spend less than the common people tend to commit or be involved in the practice of corruption. People who live in the rural areas or receive less income tend to perform corruption to close the income gap. It is also found that people with higher education levels tend to perform corruption. Higher corruption rents and broad opportunities for power abuse promote corruption in a well-educated society.
The Role of Organizational Commitment as a Mediator of Burnout Syndrome and Turnover Intention
Authors:   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Indonesia (STIESIA) Surabaya. Indonesia, Laily Nur , Oetomo Hening Widhi , Sari Juwita , Respatia Wimba
Published: June 2022

Turnover intention is the tendency or intention of employees to stop working from their jobs voluntarily or move from one workplace to another according to their own choice. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of burnout on turnover intentions, the organizational commitment to turnover intentions, and the indirect relationship between burnout and turnover intentions through organizational commitment. This type of research is a quantitative study. The sampling in this study used probabilistic sampling using cluster sampling and simple random sampling. The study population consisted of healthcare professionals from five hospitals in Surabaya as referrals for Covid19 patients. The sample contains 100 respondents. Route analysis by the Smart PLS 2.0 program is used as a data analysis method. The results show that burnout affects turnover intentions. Burnout adversely affects an organization's commitment, which in turn adversely affects the intent of leaving a job. In addition, the results of indirect impact tests show that organizational commitment can mediate the relationship between burnout and willingness to leave.
Online Program to Enhance Teacher Learning to Develop Students' Information Literacy Skills
Authors:   Mahamakut Buddhist University, Thailand, Chobjai Nattakun , Sanrattana Wirot
Published: June 2022

“Online Program to Enhance Teacher Learning to Develop Students' Information Literacy Skills” is an expected result from the implementation of Research and Development under the following concept: “It begins with teacher learning development. Teachers then incorporate the learning outcomes into student development.” Firstly, as a result of implementing the R1&D1 to R4&D4 process, six sets of Teacher Learning Manuals and one Teacher Workshop Manual for Implementing the Learning Outcomes in Student Development were created. Secondly, in the R5&D5 phase, the manuals were evaluated with 157 teachers and 2,613 students using a one-group pre-test/post-test experimental model in schools affiliated with the Office of the Basic Education Commission. The experimental results revealed that the teachers' scores on the post-experimental test had met the standard of 90/90, and that the mean scores had been statistically significantly higher than the pre-experimental test. Furthermore, the findings in implementing the teacher’s learning outcomes in student development illustrated that their post-experimental mean score in the Information Literacy Skills assessment had been statistically significantly higher than the pre-experimental score. Taken together, these findings confirmed that the developed online program had been proven to be effective according to the established research hypothesis. Moreover, the study results also demonstrated that the developed online program could be distributed to schools under the Office of the Basic Education Commission.
An Online Program to Empower Teachers’ Knowledge to Develop Students’ Collaborative Skills
Authors:   Mahamakut Buddhist University, Thailand, Dhanapañño Phramaha Ampol , Sutheejariyawattana Phrakru
Published: June 2022

This research aimed at developing and implementing an online program to empower teacher’s knowledge regarding students’ collaborative skills development by using Research and Development (R&D) methodology. It is based on the concept of “Develop teacher’s learning and implement the outcomes into student development.” It consisted of two projects as follows: 1) Collaborative skills learning for the teacher development project, and 2) Implementing the teacher’s collaborative skills learning outcomes with student project. The first project was created along with a set of six-manuals for teacher development including definitions, important aspects, qualifications, developmental approaches, developmental processes, and the assessment of collaborative skills manuals. The second project included an action manual for implementing the teacher’s learning outcomes for student development. The online program was examined at the Pariyattidhamma School, which had been selected as research site. The findings revealed that after completing the first teacher development project, the teachers had achieved learning outcomes in accordance with the 90/90 standard. In addition, the learning outcomes after development had been statistically significantly higher than attending the project. Moreover, after the second project, the students’ collaborative skills assessment results were found to be statistically significantly higher than before. Therefore, the online program produced in this study is an educational innovation that provides effectiveness and should be beneficial for learning at other Pariyattidhamma schools.
Comparison of Effect of Exercise on Insulin Sensitivity of Overweight Normoglycemic Offspring of T2DM Parents and Non-Diabetic Parents
Authors:   Olabisi Onabanjo University, Nigeria, Taiwo E. O. , Thanni L. O. A. , Waheed A. Akinleye
Published: June 2022

Background: The primary causes of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are largely unknown but insulin insensitivity has been reported to be a risk factor for the T2DM through the alteration of insulin sensitivity pattern. There is paucity of studies on the effect of exercise on occurrence of T2DM in offspring of diabetic parents in our population. Objectives: This study was designed to assess the effect of exercise on insulin sensitivity (IS) on offspring of T2DM parents compared with offspring of non-diabetic parents. Design: This study involved 60 offspring of T2DM parents attending University College Hospital, Ibadan and 60 offspring of non-diabetic parents who are undergraduate students of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups. Each participant followed a protocol of graded exercise using ‘‘tummy trimmer’’ everyday spending 45 minutes daily for 24 weeks. Blood samples were obtained after an overnight fasting for determination of insulin sensitivity using standard methods at baseline and at 24 weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic and student t test with significance at p<0.05). Results: The most populated aged group was 26 to 35 years of which 47.3% (n=26) were OODP and 52.7% (n=29) were OONDP. However, all subjects were overweight with mean BMI of OODP and OONDP (29.30kg/m2±0.71 versus 26.37kg/m2±0.88) p=.0.035. Significantly, total insulin sensitivity between the two groups increased after 6 months of exercise p=0.045(3.36µ /l±0.24 versus 3.48µ /l±0.24). Conclusions: Male subjects tend to have higher insulin sensitivity than females.
Changes in the Properties of Native Low-Metamorphozed Coal in Contact with Air
Authors: Semenova S. A. , Patrakov Yu. F. , Yarkova A. V. , Lyrshchikov S. Yu. , Zakharov N. S.
Published: June 2022

Data on the analysis of the chemical composition and physicochemical properties of native low-metamorphosed coal at the initial moment of its contact with the air are presented. Diffuse reflectance IR spectroscopy, EPR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, gas chromatography, chemical analysis of oxygen-containing groups, and the determination of the specific surface area and wettability of the contacting surface were used to identify changes in the organic matter of coal. The dynamics of changes in the numbers of paramagnetic centers and functional groups showed that the most intense transformations in the surface layer occurred in the first day of coal exposure to air. Next, oxidation at room temperature proceeded in a periodic mode of the accumulation and consumption of radicals and functional O groups. After four days, the process of low-temperature oxidation passed from the accessible outer surface into the diffusion region of the porous space of coal and gradually slowed down.
Prevention of Slagging in the Gasification of Plant Biomass
Authors: Shumovskii A. V. , Gorlov E. G.
Published: June 2022

The process of gasification of biomasses of plant origin containing the additives of sulfur oil shale was studied. It was shown that the presence of sulfur oil shale in the mixtures decreased and, in some cases (at a high sulfur content of oil shale), prevented the appearance of deposits (slagging) on the equipment walls. It was established that a maximum effect was achieved with the addition of 5% oil shale containing at least 16% sulfur.
Konsistensi Pembuatan Norma Hukum dengan Doktrin Judicial Activism dalam Putusan Judicial Review
Authors: Prabowo Bagus Surya , Wiryanto Wiryanto
Published: June 2022

This study intends to explain the consistency of the Constitutional Court (MK) in making new legal norms by using the doctrine of judicial activism and to explain the factors that underlie the consistency of the Constitutional Court in making new legal norms through normative juridical research by explaining the principles, principles, and analysis of interrelated decisions. This study concludes that the Constitutional Court is inconsistent because it only grants and makes new legal norms in the Constitutional Court Decision Number 5/PUU-V/2007. Meanwhile, in the Constitutional Court's Decision Number 53/PUU-XV/2017, the Constitutional Court refused to make a new norm even though the two cases created discrimination and limited public participation in politics. The inconsistency factors include: 1) jurisprudence factors, 2) the application cannot convince the majority of the judges of the Constitutional Court, and 3) the paradigm factor of judges.
Интерпретация (не перевод) и философские традиции. Методологические размышления
Authors: Garrison James
Published: June 2022

The starting point of the article is the statement that there is the need for self-defense, not uncommon when presenting intercultural philosophy to a wider audience, as questions of cultural incommensurability inevitably arise. In this res­pect there may be asked some questions which should be taken into consideration: Is comparative philosophy legitimate? Is intercultural philosophy valid? Is any type of global philosophy possible? Are the cultural, terminological, and perspectival differences simply too great? In order to begin to deal with these issues, the suggestion here is made that focusing on translation as such is not the best approach, insofar as translation seeks to convey philosophical content across (or trans) boundaries in a manner that often seems to imply a one-to-one correspondence of terms and furthermore that there are distances between cultures too great to be traversed. Meanwhile, it is argued that interpretation which focuses primarily on the “inter” – the space in between – and not on cultural chasms or conceptual correspondences avoids these problems and provides a framework for pluralistic, multi-point growth like a rhizome. It can be recognized that the convergence of thinking pointed out in this paper implies some remaining distance, and that this distance is something perfectly normal. In response to this problematic, G. Deleuze, F. Guat­tari, F. Wim­­mer, and R. Ames variously and diversely show, what really matters in the growth of philosophy are results. Does fostering an intercultural conversation in a way that both attends to convergent growth and respectfully preserves the very real differences do anything to grow and generate genuine philosophical content? This is the measure, incommensurability aside.
О сущностном отличии «меж-» от «интер-»: От межкультурного к интеркультурному философскому полилогу в европейском культурном пространстве
Authors: Nazarova Oksana
Published: June 2022

The article raises the question of the reasons for the “interculturalism” of the Russian philosophical tradition. The problem is that Russian thinkers, despite their awareness of their belonging to Western European philosophical thought, and despite their foreign-language publication activity, are not fully integrated into it, or even into intercultural philosophy. According to the author, the reason is hidden in the very essence of the project of intercultural philosophizing, which originally was aimed at the philosophical legitimization of non-Euro­pean cultures that had been colonized by West Europeans. It is argued that the project of intercultural philosophy can be realized only if its supporters are able to notice the otherness within Europe; it should be stressed that what is being criticized is essentially “Western Eurocentrism”, since it is Western European philosophy that expresses the claim to be the only correct model of philosophizing. Only in this case the intercultural project will deal with the “Other Europe” where there are different types of philosophical thinking, and the “inner polylogue” will have a chance to begin. The author believes that for Russian philosophers the project of intercultural philosophy will be effective if they manage to synthesize the two cultures of philosophical thinking in Russia – religious-me­taphysical and Soviet. The latter can enrich them with the experience of intercultural perception of other traditions of philosophizing, both in Russia and abroad. This philosophical legacy – reinterpreted and recaptured – will allow us to consciously take part in the project of intercultural philosophy.
Дискурсивная полилогичность трудов Н.И. Кареева
Authors: Mikhailova Elena
Published: June 2022

The article considers N.I. Kareev’s attempts to overcome the Eurocentric approach to the philosophy of history. According to Kareev, there are two skills necessary for getting over local discursiveness and turning it into intercultural thinking: the ability to speak as many languages as possible and the ability to carry on a constructive dialogue. Since Kareev was a polyglot, he was able in his research to avoid one-sided interpretations of sociocultural development as well as terminological misusage. The ability to conduct a constructive dialogue (direct or indirect) with his contemporaries helped Kareev to interpret texts and ideas above national barriers. It is shown that Kareev takes the position of polyvariant research reflection, which has two aspects: psychological and instrumental. Psychologically, the interlocutor must be able to tune in to the tone of the opponent’s position. Instrumentally, each participant in the dialogue should not only speak the language of the interlocutor, but also strive to master the intricacies of translation and interpretation of concepts. Examples of Kareyev’s constructive-critical assessments of the judgments of Ernst Bernheim, Charles-Victor Langlois, Charles Seignobos and Nikolay Ya. Danilevsky are given as arguments. It is noted that Kareev was able to feel the resonant themes of his time. Consequently, the polylogical nature of his works can be viewed as a communicative re­action to everything new in science. It is concluded that, while remaining committed to the European ideal of humanity, Kareev contextually, even unconsciously, laid the foundation for an intercultural methodology that recognizes the importance of studying the multipolar space of cultures.
Русское Просвещение как феномен современности
Authors: Lvov Aleksandr
Published: June 2022

Since the end of the 18th century the answer to the question: “What is Enlightenment?” has been constituted as one of the eternal problems of philosophy. The paper shows that the answer to this question allows us to actualize one of the crucial characteristics of human knowledge – its irrevocability. As the motto of the Enlightenment, instead of Kant’s “Sapere aude!”, the author of the article suggests the formula “One cannot know back”. It indicates both that cognition irreversibly changes the cognizer and that the change that happened to the cognizer becomes his guilt (in the Hegelian sense) and his self-healing responsibility. This formula can also be extrapolated to national cultures. The Age of Enlightenment in the history of a culture is recognized nowadays by the way the fundamental values were formulated, what steps were taken towards the self-awareness of the nation. In the history of Russia, the Age of the Enlightenment, which started with the transformations of Peter the Great and finished with the uprising of the Decembrists, was signed by encounter with the Other in the face of the Western (as defined by the Russian enlighteners themselves) civilization. In these terms, we regard the history of the Enlightenment as a dramatic process of the phenomenology of national self-consciousness, a constant dialogue with the Other for the purpose of self-knowledge. Theauthor concludes that the experience of the Enlightenment can give Russia an axiological basis for continuing a constructive dialogue with other participants in the irrevocable global dialogue.
Отечественная «поэзия мысли» в пространстве полилога традиций
Authors: Shibaeva Mikhalina
Published: June 2022

The article considers “poetry of thought” in the space-time continuum of a philosophical polylogue dealt with the questions of metaphysical character. The search for answers to the “eternal” questions through the prism of the dichotomy of the sacred and profane belongs to those traditions of thought that connect various cultural chronotypes and determine the problem-thematic space of the philosophical polylogue. The intellectual energy and polyphony of this polylogue are inseparable from axiological, gnoseological and existential-ethical problems considered in the space-time continuum of the “circular paths of history” and the “dialectic of gain and loss” (Hegel). The open-ended character of questions concerning the world of human subjectivity reveals itself not only in logical-rational, but also in figurative-poetic forms. It is the latter form, or the phenomenon of “poetry of thought”, which fruitfully combines both types of philosophical reflection, that is examined in the article. The potential of “poetry of thought” is determined by the philosophical depth of the lyrical way of presenting the “eros of spirit”, on the one hand, and by the energy of the mental experience of the subject of worldview searches, on the other. Special attention is paid to the peculiarity of Russian “poetry of thought”, which bears the influence of such concepts as “believing reason”, “philosophy of heart”, and “innermost knowledge”. The belief that faith and knowledge can come into harmo­ny determined the nature of the poetization of spiritual and moral research. Particular emphasis is placed on the temporal and cosmogonic types of “gnosis of experiences” of Russian thinkers. A number of examples reveal the semantic capacity, tonality and expressiveness of the personal “million of torments” embodied in the texts through the “poetry of thought”.
Женщины в философии: правда или ложь?
Authors: Kiejzik Lilianna
Published: June 2022

This article is mainly based on the results obtained during the research project “The Second Plan: Women in Russian Philosophy”, supported by a grant from the National Centre of Science of Poland. The project was implemented in close international cooperation with Russian and Polish researchers at the University of Zelenogur (Poland). It is shown that despite the fact that among the great philosophers, creators of original philosophical systems, there were no women, women had a significant influence on the development of world philosophical thought, acting as mentors, inspirers, interpreters, assistants, wives and girlfriends of philosophers. Women also have their own place in the history of Russian philosophy which can not be ignored or underestimated. Thus, there were historians of philosophy (e.g. M. Bezobrazova, L. Salome), teachers of philosophy (K. Miloradovich), translators of philosophical works (K. Miloradovich, E. Ameni­ts­kaya, E. Kazanovich), owners and editors of philosophical publishing houses (M. Morozova, O. Bezobrazova), assistants of philosophers and co-authors of philosophical works (S. Spielrein), public figures, revolutionaries and fighters for women’s rights, including higher education for women (L. Akselrod), organizers and ideologists of literary and philosophical movements (Z. Gippius). The urgency of the so-called “women issue” in Russia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries is noted (V.V. Rozanov, N.K. Mikhailovsky, N.N. Strakhov). The conclusion is made that at that time in Russia there was an objective need for the inclusion of women in the philosophical community.
Мирра Лот-Бородина: философия любви
Authors: Obolevich Tereza
Published: June 2022

This article examines the literary work of the first Orthodox woman theologian Myrrha Ivanovna Lot-Borodine, in the context of her profound research on the theme of love. Her life journey from St. Petersburg to Paris and her varied activities in theology, philosophy, history, and literature are briefly presented and analyzed in the article. In addition, the evolution of Lot-Borodine’s philosophical and theological interests, from the study of medieval chivalric romance to investigations in patristic studies, is presented. The article provides a brief analysis of Lot-Borodine’s many years of research into the development of the two competing forms of love in the medieval literature: passionate human love (love to a secular lady) and divine love (love to God and the Virgin Mary). The author also considers the interpretation of symbol by Lot-Borodine. Based on the study of Lot-Borodine’s biography and her creative evolution, it is concluded that she can rightly be regarded as a philosopher who developed an original doctrine of different kinds of love ‒ romantic and Christian. In this respect Lot-Borodinе is proved to be not only a follower of the Russian and French traditions of medieval studies, but also one of the most outstanding, though undeservedly forgotten, representatives of the neopatristic synthesis, i.e. the renewal and creative development of the heritage of the Church Fathers in the twentieth century. The article emphasizes the fact that her authority was taken into consideration by a number of prominent philosophers and theologians of the last century, among them Fr. George Florovsky and Etienne Gilson.
Образ, идеи и метод Сабины Шпильрейн
Authors: Balanovskiy Valentin
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the consideration of the key ideas and features of the scientific method of the outstanding Soviet psychiatrist, pioneer of child and female psychoanalysis S.N. Spielrein. The author pays attention to the analysis of the prevailing stereotypes of perception of Spielrein in scientific literature. The reasons why Spielrein’s legacy was not properly claimed for a long time in the West and in Russia, despite the popularity of psychoanalysis after the October Revolution, are revealed. The hypothesis of why a one-sided view of Spielrein’s role in the history of psychology, characterized by hypertrophied attention to her personal relationship with C. G. Jung, has been put forward. The author shows how Spielrein influenced the development of key concepts of analytical psychology and how Jung assessed this influence, and analyzes her empirical justification of Jung’s theory of complexes. In addition, the author considers in the context of the later discoveries of analytical psychology Spielrein’s ideas about the psychogenesis of schizophrenia, the phylogenesis and ontogenesis of the psyche, the species-psyche (a notion, which became the prototype of the collective unconscious), destruction as a striving for transformation, the inheritance of psychic structures, arising from the species-psyche. Spielrein’s approaches to the study of the psyche are analyzed. Particular emphasis is placed on the way Spielrein interprets the symbolic contents of the psyche, which resembles Jung’s approach and contrasts strongly with what was common among orthodox psychoanalysts. It is also shown how Spielrein became one of the first in psychology to successfully implement an interdisciplinary approach to the study of the psyche.
Женский образ через призму вечного и земного в жизни и творчестве В.С. Соловьева
Authors: Garaeva Galina
Published: June 2022

The theme of Sophia in the aspect of mystical experience and life path of V.S. Solovyov is considered in order to reveal the actual problem – the phenomenon of femininity in its versatility. The visions of the Beautiful Woman, which influenced the evolution of Solovyov’s religious and philosophical views, are described. The author provides an analysis of the synthesis of Solovyov’s mystical, rational, and poetic attitudes to his visions, which was conditioned by the Gnostic idea of Sofia the Wisdom of God. It is shown in the article that Solovyov creatively perceived and developed this idea combining it with his own mystical experiences as well as with the philosophical justification of all-unity. It is mentioned that the theme of wo­man­hood was considered by Solovyov in a wide range which included both the scale of the universe and the earthly life. This required the use of historical, comparative, dialectical, metaphysical, and analytical methods of research. Solovyov’s view of the complex and contradictory feminine earthly nature is presented. The author considers Solovyov’s life and claims that women with the name Sophia played a special role in it, as they were dear and beloved to him. The stories of Solovyov’s love for the muse of his life, Sofia Khitrovo, as well as for Sofia Martynova continue the theme of femininity and poetic embodiment of Solovyov’s feelings and notions of the peculiarities of the female soul. The conclusion is made that Solovyov tried to perceive the problem of femininity in a holistic way – from its divine manifestation to the earthly. This indicates a serious contribution of Solovyov to the study of the mystery of the feminine at different levels of the universe through the prism of mystical, rational, and poetic views.