bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment-resistant major depression: Systematic review of comparative efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy and ketamine
Authors: Graeff Saldanha Giullia , Locatelli Leonardo , Miozzo Junior Izidione Antônio
Published: November 2024

Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide. Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a condition characterized mostly by low or depressed mood as well as difficulty experiencing emotions, whether positive or negative. Poor adherence has sparked the interest from both physicians and patients in these alternative therapeutic approaches. Ketamine and Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) are emerging as promising options.

Objective

To evaluate the results related to the efficacy and safety of the therapeutic use of ketamine within its various application methods and ECT in patients with MDD.

Method

Systematic review that employed the PubMed database to collect the clinical trials that analyzed and compared the efficacy and safety of intramuscular ketamine, oral ketamine, and ECT in MDD. The files were screened by title and selected by reading the abstracts. The selected files were then read for a complete analysis according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results

Seven randomized clinical trials (RCT) were selected. Ketamine displayed potential in the treatment of MDD due to its rapid-onset effect, but ECT is even more effective in terms of remission. Both treatments are safe, but they involve long-term side effects that require further study.

Conclusion

Exploring how the characteristics of individual patients affect the response to ketamine and ECT can propel the development of more personalized treatments. However, the lack of long-term studies on the efficacy and safety of these therapies highlights the need for more RCTs comparing ketamine and ECT in patients with MDD.
Analysis of results of radiotherapy for oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Trauttwein Péter , Major Tibor , Takácsi-Nagy Zoltán
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Smoking and alcohol consumption remain the two most important risk factors for the development of oropharyngeal tumours, but there is an increasing number of younger patients (age <50 years) with human papillomavirus (HPV) association origin, also known as positivity. The role of radiotherapy (RT) in the treatment of this disease is paramount.

Aim

To describe the radiotherapy results for oropharyngeal tumours and to search for prognostic parameters that influence the response of these malignant lesions to radio-chemotherapy.

Methods

95 patients underwent definitive radio- or radio-chemotherapy (RCT) for histologically squamous cell, oropharyngeal carcinoma at our Institute between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2020, of which 51 (54%) received the latter. The mean age was 61.9 years (37–82 years) and the male-female ratio was 69:26. The average total dose was 69 Gy (range: 54–70 Gy).

Results

The 5-year local control (LC), cancer-specific survival (CCS), and overall survival (OS) calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method were 71, 69, and 58%, respectively. Forty-four cases (46%) were confirmed to have HPV involvement. HPV positive (+) tumours showed significantly better behaviour compared to HPV negative (−) cases in LC, CCS and OS. Smoking had a significant negative effect on cure rates: LC, CCS and OS were better in non-smokers. A significant negative effect of smoking on survival was also observed in HPV-associated cases. For HPV- lesions, RCT had a stronger effect on LC than RT alone (64 vs 43%, P = 0.03).

Conclusions

HPV-associated malignancies show better survival outcomes to radio ± chemotherapy than their HPV- counterparts. In all cases, smoking worsens the response to treatment. For HPV- tumours, chemotherapy with radiation, compared to irradiation alone, has a more significant effect on survival outcomes, whereas for HPV+ tumours this effect is less pronounced.
Assessing the Impact of Climate Change on Local Agricultural Practices.
Authors:   Africa International University, Karen, Nairobi, Kenya, Sele John Philip , Nyakerario, Faith , Wanjiku Cynthia
Published: November 2024

Climate change has become one of the most significant challenges to agricultural production in the world. With rising temperatures and changing weather patterns, agricultural practices at the local level are becoming more altered to continue productivity and sustainability. This research article assesses how climate change affects local agricultural practices through recent research studies and case studies focusing on different regions and farming systems. Understanding these impacts is crucial for developing adaptive strategies to maintain food and liveable land security.
Faith, Gender, and Governance in Conflict-Ridden Societies: A Theological Approach to Peacebuilding and Inclusive Development.
Authors:   Africa International University, Karen, Nairobi, Kenya, Sele John Philip , Awandia Faith , Wanjiku Cynthia
Published: November 2024

The article focuses on a theological approach to peacebuilding and the nature of governance in a community amidst violence, addressing various gender and faith issues. Activities related to political conflicts entail an increase in the gender gap in various types of conflict, such as community-based ones where women and other marginalized groups are always subjected to violence and economic difficulties. Throughout the world, committed religious groups have been driving discourses related to the said matters by means of disseminating a doctrine of equality, justice, and peace. These institutions are faith-based institutions. This study critically examines theology’s influence on governance structures and to what extent they are related to gender-sensitive peacebuilding ways of work. The study reveals faith-based proposals which might provide better ways of inclusive development by joining the contemporary governance methods with religious teachings. Illustrated using cases in Africa, the research article advocates improving not only the immediate but also the long-term peace and development in the area focusing on gender-sensitive theological governance. The study ends with suggestions about the kind of collaborations that organizations and the church might use to encourage post-conflict countries to be more inclusive and gender-equitable in development plans.

[Abstract] Full Text: PDF, PHP, HTML, EPUB, MP3 pp.
Fighting Female Genital Mutilation in Kenya: A Case Study of ActionAid
Authors:   Africa International University, Karen, Nairobi, Kenya, Sele John Philip , Nyakerario Faith , Wanjiku Cynthia
Published: November 2024

This paper examines ActionAid’s effort to get rid of Female Genital Mutilation in Kenya, whereby it focuses on the grassroot initiatives at eradicating the practice. Female Genital Mutilation is a violation of human rights, and a severe form of gender Based violence which is deeply rooted in certain cultural and social norms across various communities. The study highlights ActionAid’s multifaceted approach, including advocacy, community mobilization, and legal support, as well as the provision of direct services to women and girls at risk of FGM. Key strategies such as Women’s Watch groups, legal education, and alternative livelihoods for surgeons are discussed, emphasizing the role of local communities in effecting lasting change. The paper also addresses the importance of engaging men, local leaders, and youth in the fight against FGM, with specific reference to ActionAid’s initiatives in Kenya, where FGM remains prevalent in certain ethnic groups. Through these efforts, ActionAid has made significant strides in reducing the practice and shifting cultural perceptions surrounding FGM. The study concludes by emphasizing the importance of continued education, legal reform, and community-led action in the long-term goal of eliminating FGM and promoting gender equality.
Instrumentalização de recursos da natureza mediados pela arte
Authors: Oliveira Ercilene do Nascimento Silva de , Sobrinho Eder Márcio Araújo , Xavier Jhonatan Luan de Almeida , Marques Jean Dalmo de Oliveira , Paes Lucilene da Silva
Published: November 2024

Integrar o currículo com a diversidade da vida é uma necessidade das instituições de ensino. Diante disso, o presente estudo descreve uma experiência de prática sobre a conservação da biodiversidade amazônica mediada pela arte e instrumentalizada com recursos da natureza para proporcionar o aprendizado de estudantes de pós-graduação em ensino tecnológico. Sobre a metodologia adotada, trata-se de um estudo com abordagem qualitativa descritiva, tendo sua análise de dados fundamentada na técnica Kozel para a interpretação de mapas mentais, cuja fundamentação teórica se baseia na fenomenologia da percepção e na análise bakhtiniana do discurso. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que é possível tecer representações do vivido por meio da arte em uma prática de campo.
Proposta pedagógica
Authors: Rodrigues Ismaiara
Published: November 2024

O trabalho foi desenvolvido objetivando apresentar uma proposta pedagógica de utilização de mapas conceituais na aprendizagem sobre o bioma Caatinga. Pretendeu-se trabalhar a proposta na disciplina Fundamentos de Ecologia, ofertada no Curso Técnico em Meio Ambiente Integrado ao Ensino Médio, do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba (IFPB). A intervenção possui quatro etapas: 1) Sondagem do conhecimento prévio; 2) Realização de aula expositiva; 3) Confecção do mapa conceitual; 4) Exposição dos trabalhos pelos alunos. Espera-se que o projeto conduza a potencialização de conhecimento do estudante por meio da ferramenta pedagógica utilizada e a disseminação do conhecimento no ambiente escolar sobre o uso sustentável na Caatinga.
A participação dos estudantes nos espaços de decisão
Authors: Wosniak Vanderlei , Castro Cloves Alexandre de
Published: November 2024

O presente trabalho está vinculado a uma pesquisa em desenvolvimento em um Centro de Educação Profissional e se apresenta com a perspectiva de colaborar para o debate a respeito do protagonismo estudantil. Pretende investigar a participação dos estudantes e identificar a perspectiva dos agentes e atores da escola em relação à participação do estudantes. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, em que as principais ferramentas metodológicas foram a aplicação de questionário e o desenvolvimento de entrevistas semiestruturadas, além de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Os resultados apontam, dentre outros aspectos, que a participação dos estudantes nos espaços intramuros da escola ainda encontra resistência, fato que reforça a necessidade desse debate, indo além dos instrumentos legais e documentos internos.
A gestão da EJA EPT dos Institutos Federais gaúchos sob a égide da lei
Authors: Mesch Ferreira da Silva Giselda , Severo Maraschin Mariglei
Published: November 2024

O artigo, de análise qualitativa e documental, tem o objetivo de analisar o papel do diretor dos Institutos Federais do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul e seu papel frente a oferta de matrículas na EJA EPT. Foram analisados os documentos referentes à modalidade educacional pesquisada. Detectou-se que, mesmo estabelecido na legislação, os cursos que atendem a formação de trabalhadores, na forma de EJA EPT, estão presentes em poucas unidades dos IFs gaúchos e tem pouca oferta de matrículas. Destaca-se a importância do diretor das instituições, por passar por este, não somente a abertura de matrículas para a modalidade EJA EPT, sendo responsabilizado pela omissão, como demais atitudes políticas capazes de realizar um trabalho de liderança eficaz e de qualidade frente às instituições federais.
Signpost to an Undiscovered Land
Authors: Dimon Ted
Published: November 2024

“What is the Alexander Technique?” Those of us who have studied or taught this work have all been asked this question and it is not easy to answer. In one sense, the answer is simple enough: the Alexander Technique is a way of learning to move and do things with less tension—we’ve seen the many videos and books that depict the Alexander Technique as a form of movement awareness that addresses the problem of misuse in action. The basic image is familiar to all of us: the student is asked to stand in front of a chair and to sit down. Pointing out how the student pulls his head back and arches his back, the teacher then asks him to pause before sitting down, and shows him how to direct the head and neck in order to reduce the harmful tension. By being shown how to perform the action more efficiently, to use the joints instead of muscle tension, the student learns to perform actions more effortlessly, and to notice the tensions and holdings that interfere with free and easy movement.
Alexander Technique and Associationist Learning Theory
Authors: Williamson Malcolm
Published: November 2024

When, in 1894, F. Matthias Alexander set out as a ‘natural elocutionist’ (Alexander, 1995, p. 3), little could he have guessed what lay ahead—that in his search for a sore throat cure he had hit upon a new and thoroughly practical understanding of how the human being functions as an integrated whole and to a technique for ‘The development of the control of human reaction’ (Alexander, 2000, p. 88). Central to the way the Alexander Technique is framed is the concept of habits of thought or action as some kind of chain reaction of associated events—one giving rise to the next, and so on. It is well-documented that around 1900 Alexander became acquainted with William James’ book, Principles of Psychology. James’ theory of habit provided a sound theoretical basis for Alexander’s empirical discoveries.1 As with any new theory, James built on the ideas of oth­ers. This article traces ideas from the eighteenth-century English physician David Hartley—the acknowledged founder of associationism—through to Alexander and the present day. There is also obvious relevance to nineteenth-century ideo-motor theory, but this is not included as it has been discussed elsewhere (Ballard, 2015, p. 49-71; Williamson, 2017, p. 18-28).
Whispered Vowels for Singers
Authors: Capalbo Michele
Published: November 2024

The whispered “ah,” (represented throughout with the International Phonetic Alphabet symbol /ɑ/) is a traditional Alexander Technique procedure, and has been represented as an effective way to improve functional singing issues, including respiration (Heirich 2011, 85; Kleinman and Buckoke 2013, 101) and phonation (Dimon 2015; Murdock 2009; McCallion 1988, 26–28; Jones 1976, 21). However, the use of whispering as an effective voice-building tool for singers has been consistently challenged over time (Titze and Verdolini Abbott 2012, 264). Due to the scarcity of quantitative findings, and conflicting anecdotal evidence, the tension between the pro- and antiwhispering advocates persists. This article examines current research in conjunction with multiple pedagogical perspectives to explore the whispered “ah” from a singer-centric perspective. Practical adaptations for singers are proposed through the exploration of al-ternate vowels, emotional affect, and shifting vocal color. Specific exercises for the articulators (tongue, jaw, and lips) both for tension release and/or adequate vocal tract tonus reintegration are proposed.
Effi
Authors: Huang Kaixin , Zhao Chen , Yuan Chun
Published: November 2024

We delve into the realm of offline meta-reinforcement learning (OMRL), a practical paradigm in the field of reinforcement learning that leverages offline data to adapt to new tasks. While prior approaches have not explored the utilization of context-based dynamical models to tackle OMRL problems, our research endeavors to fill this gap. Our investigation uncovers shortcomings in existing context-based methods, primarily related to distribution shifts during offline learning and challenges in establishing stable task representations. To address these issues, we formulate the problem as Hidden-Parameter MDPs and propose a framework for effective model adaptation using meta-models plus latent variables, which is inferred by the transformer-based system recognition module trained in an unsupervised fashion. Through extensive experimentation encompassing diverse simulated robotics and control tasks, we validate the efficacy of our approach and demonstrate its superior generalization ability compared to existing schemes, and explore multiple strategies for obtaining policies with personalized models. Our method achieves a model with reduced prediction error, outperforming previous methods in policy performance, and facilitating efficient adaptation when compared to prior dynamic model generalization methods and OMRL algorithms.
Reproductive biology and propagation of Magnolia caricifragrans (Lozano) Govaerts, an endangered species from Colombia
Authors: Bernal-Rodríguez Mauricio , Romero-Murcia Johanna Esperanza , Duran-Prieto Juliana , Morales-Liscano Gustavo , Serna-González Marcela
Published: November 2024

Background: M. caricifragrans is an endangered tree species. Around 50 isolated trees grow in highly altered landscapes in the cloud forests of the states of Cundinamarca and Tolima (Colombia).
Questions: How is the reproductive phenology of M. caricifragans in individuals under ex situ conditions? Can M. caricifragrans produce seeds with the aid of hand pollination? Are seeds issued form hand pollination viable? Who are the flower visitors of M. carcifragans under in situ conditions? What is the survival rate of the plantlets in the field after reintroduction?
Sites and years of study: Bogotá Botanical Garden “José Celestino Mutis” from 2019 to 2022 and in the municipalities of San Francisco and Silvania.
Methods: We monitored reproductive events one year in ex situ conditions, including manual pollination, fruit development, and seed germination. We also captured floral visitors from wild M. caricifragrans flowers. Seedlings reintroduced into nature reserves and survival was evaluated.
Results: Trees ex situ exhibit constant flower bud and flower production throughout the year and do not produce fruit. Fruits with viable seeds that germinated were obtained through hand-pollination. In situ flower visitors consisted mainly of roving beetles; twenty-seven seedlings were successfully reintroduced.
Conclusions: A peak of flower production was determined between September and November, successful fruit development by controlled cross-pollination. Seed germination was achieved using a closed container with a substrate with high moisture retention and good drainage. Trees reintroduced in nature present a healthy development and 100 % survival.
Chronic Kidney Disease Reversal: Case Study
Authors: Rainey JT , Vander Stoep C , Holley M
Published: November 2024

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and its primary cause, Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) with its multiple risk factors, are not necessarily the irreversible diseases most medical practitioners claim they are. By implementing an anti-inflammatory lifestyle, in particular, a diet tweaked by close observation, and then introducing routine systemic ozone therapies plus ingestion of C60 chased by supersaturated hydrogen water daily, this case study follows the treatment plan in a 79-year-old male to illustrate how the glomeruli filters of the kidney will begin to improve their performance along with control of CVD. Nocturnal Fluctuating Blood Pressure is a classic presentation of Malignant Hypertension, characterized by systolic blood pressure >180 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure > 120 mm Hg in hypertensive crisis. By careful real-time monitoring and feedback, the triggers of nocturnal blood pressure spikes were identified and when the triggers were avoided, the hypertension-induced arterial wall hypertrophy contributing to the high blood pressure decreased. This technique resulted in the normalization of blood pressure to low normal ranges over diurnal cycles, minimizing a key threat contributing to kidney dysfunction.
Eser-İzleyici Arasında Etkileşimli Sanat Uygulamaları Vincent Van Gogh The Bedroom Örneği
Authors: Güler Ercan
Published: November 2024

Günümüzde sanat, dijital çağın dönüşümüyle birlikte yeni bir boyut kazanmaktadır. Geleneksel sanat formları ile dijital teknolojinin buluşması, yaratıcı ifadeyi sınırların ötesine taşırken sanatın tanımını da yeniden şekillendirmektedir. Dijital sanat, bilgisayarlar, yazılımlar, dijital medya ve internet gibi teknolojik araçların kullanımıyla ortaya çıkan bir sanat türüdür. Bu sanat formu, sanatçıların hayal güçlerini serbest bırakırken, izleyicilere benzersiz ve etkileyici deneyimler sunmaktadır. Dijital sanat, kendine özgü bir estetik ve ifade biçimleriyle geleneksel sanatın sınırlarını genişletmektedir. Sanatçılar, dijital ortamlarda renk, ışık, ses ve hareket gibi unsurları kullanarak interaktif enstalasyonlar, sanal gerçeklik deneyimleri, dijital heykeller ve dijital resimler gibi çeşitli eserler üretebilmektedir. Bu eserler, izleyicileri pasif gözlemcilerden etkileşimli katılımcılara dönüştürerek sanat deneyimini daha kişisel ve etkileyici hale getirmektedir. Ancak dijital sanatın yükselişi, sadece teknolojinin getirdiği yeni imkânlarla sınırlı değil. Aynı zamanda sanatın doğasını, izleyici-sanatçı ilişkisini ve eserlerin yaratılma ve paylaşılma şekillerini de yeniden düşünmemizi sağlarken sanat dünyasını daha erişilebilir hale getirmektedir.
Araştırmada Vincent Van Gogh’un 1888 yılında yapmış olduğu The Bedroom adlı tablosunun 3b model çözümlemesi yapılarak, sanatçının odayı gördüğü açıdan mekânın 3b renderi ve belirlenen noktalardan panoramik render çalışmaları yapılmış olup mekân içerisinde esere farklı açılardan bakılabilmesi sağlanmıştır. Böylelikle sanatçının eseri oluşturmadan önce kurduğu kompozisyonu anlayabilmek ve izleyicinin eseri daha derinlemesine keşfedebileceği ve gözlemleyebileceği düşünülmektedir.
FFPE Sample Collection, Processing, and Embedding v1
Authors: Bi Joanna
Published: November 2024

Protocol for collecting, processing, and embedding formalin fixed paraffin embedded samples used in the Snyder Lab and Stanford University.
Multidimensional decline in functionality associated with Parkinson's disease severity: a WHODAS 2.0 Parkinson Study (WHOPAS) v1
Authors: de Brito Pereira Nathalia , Amanda Dias Rebeka , Cirilo Costa Nobrega Katia , Almeida Pereira da Silva Isaíra , Mattos Aranha Luiza , Pires Bocicovar Rafaela , Gonçalves Santana Carolina , Rocha Matos Letícia , Fachine da Silva Fidelis Fernando , Thomazella Cheque de Campos Gustavo , Cardoso dos Santos Graziele , Frazão Helene André , Elisa Pimentel Piemonte Maria
Published: November 2024

The following protocol has been used in the research title: Multidimensional decline in functionality associated with Parkinson's disease severity: a WHODAS 2.0 Parkinson Study (WHOPAS). This cross-sectional study aimed to characterize the decline of functionality related to disease severity progression in people with Parkinson's disease (PD) using the generic instrument WHODAS 2.0 (World Health Organization Assessment Schedule 2.0). WHODAS 2.0 was developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to provide a comprehensive evaluation of functionality and disability based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework. The following document describes in detail the protocols used.
Site-specific incorporation of BpF into ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) in E. coli v3
Authors: Sandy Zac
Published: November 2024

This protocol details the site-specific incorporation of BpF into ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) in E. coli. The use of a photo-crosslinkable residue within UBLs enhances the detection of weak and transient protein-protein interactions. This protocol provides a general workflow for the production of such protein probes, followed by methods to detect specific protein interactions using targeted or proteomic approaches. This protocol is linked to the PLOS ONE protocols manuscript "Site-selective photo-crosslinking for the characterisation of transient ubiquitin-like protein-protein interactions".
Tomogram Reconstruction and Gold Fiducial Removal with WarpTools, Etomo, and Fidder v2
Authors: Garrels Connor , Barad Benjamin , Reichow Steve
Published: November 2024

While gold nanoparticle fiducials greatly improve tilt-series alignment in cryo-electron tomography data, they can cause artifacts during later image processing steps. We present a workflow for high-quality fiducial removal using fidder, an open-source python package. This protocol demonstrates how to flexibly incorporate fidder into tomogram reconstruction using Warp and Etomo.
Customisable differential TF activity estimation for C. elegans with the CelEsT gene regulatory network and the decoupler package in R v1
Authors: Francisco Perez Marcos
Published: November 2024

Estimating differential TF activity from differential gene expression of targets can be performed in R using the decoupleR package and the CelEsT gene regulatory network. This protocol is a step-by-step guide to using the customisable R script 'File_S1.txt' found at github.com/IBMB-MFP/CelEsT-MS. Perez MF, 2024. CelEst: a unified gene regulatory network for estimatingtranscription factor activities in C. elegans. GENETICS
AI Literacy Framework (ALiF): A Progressive Competency Development Protocol for Higher Education v1
Authors: Zary Nabil
Published: November 2024

The AI Literacy Framework (ALiF) provides a structured approach to developing AI literacy across three key stakeholder groups in higher education: students, faculty, and staff. This protocol outlines implementing a three-level progression system across four core competency areas: Technical Understanding, Critical Evaluation, Practical Application, and Ethical Considerations. The framework enables institutions to systematically develop AI literacy while maintaining academic integrity and promoting innovation.
In vivo tissue-specific chromatin profiling in Drosophila v2
Authors: M. Weake Vikki , P P Jauregui-Lozano Juan , E McGovern Sarah , Meng Gaoya , N Marlin Makayla
Published: November 2024

Chromatin regulation plays an essential role in many nuclear processes and genome-wide chromatin profiling approaches contribute to understanding how chromatin regulates cell homeostasis. Chromatin dysregulation lies at the heart of many human diseases, most of which have a tissue-specific nature. Because of the physiological similarity of Drosophila and humans, tissue-specific studies can be performed using fruit flies. Here, we present an improved nuclear tagging approach that allows for efficient purification of cell-type specific nuclei from Drosophila increasing yield and stringency. Using this protocol, we purified photoreceptor neuron nuclei and demonstrate the feasibility and high quality of chromatin accessibility profiling (using Omni-ATAC) as well as profiling of histones and histone modifications using ChIP-seq, CUT&RUN, and CUT&Tag.
WHO IS THE REAL AUTHOR OF THE POEM RECORDED IN SHEVCHENKO'S DIARY ON NOVEMBER 2, 1857?
Authors:   Shevchenko Institute of Literature of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Boron O. V.
Published: November 2024

The identity of the author of the poem 'Vo vremia sumerek, kogda polia i les…' (During the twilight, when the fields and the forest…), signed by "Z. V. Tur" published in the January issue of the magazine 'Otechestvennye Zapiski' (Patriotic Notes) in 1857 was identified. Shevchenko liked the poetry so much that he wrote it down in his diary, considering the author to be a woman, as it can be seen from the form of the surname in the genitive case in his records. Notes to the poem from all the academic editions of Shevchenko's diary and in separate author's editions are considered in chronological order. Commentators seldom admitted their ignorance of the mysterious poet, either silently bypassing a controversial point, or providing a minimum of obvious information, or even inventing the mythical Zakhar Tur. In fact, the author of this poem is mentioned in 'Alfavitnyi ukazatel k 'Otechestvennym Zapiskam' 1854, 1855, 1856, 1857 i 1858' (Alphabetical Index to the 'Patriotic Notes' from 1854, 1855, 1856, 1857 and 1858), published in 1860, that is, during Shevchenko's life. Along with the name of Evgenia Tur here, in addition to the story 'Zakoldovannyi krug' (The Enchanted Circle) and a number of poems, the poem 'Vo vremia sumerek, kogda polia i les…' was mentioned. Evgenia Tur (1815–1892) (real name Elizaveta Vasilyevna Salias De Tournemire, née Sukhovo-Kobylina) is a Russian writer, critic, and hostess of a famous literary salon.

Probably, Shevchenko also got acquainted with other works of the poetess, as on September 22, 1857 he wrote in his diary that he read Mykola Kostomarov's work 'Bohdan Khmelnytsky i vozvraschenie Uzhnoi Rusi k Rosii' (Bohdan Khmelnytsky and the Return of Southern Rus to Russia), published in №№ 1-8 of 'Otechestvennye Zapiski' in 1857. Evgenia Tur's poems are published in the March and April issues of the magazine. The question remains whether Shevchenko knew for sure that the well-known novelist Evgenia Tur and the author of lyrical poems Z. Tur are one person. He seemed to identify them without noticing the different initials, and such an intuitive feeling turned out to be quite correct. In the next Complete Works of Shevchenko, as well as in the mass editions of the diary, the cryptonym should be explained in the light of the information presented in the article.
TARAS SHEVCHENKO: "MY GOOD AND THE ONLY FRIEND!" TO THE 130TH ANIVERSARY OF THE DEATH OF VARBARA REPNINA
Authors:   Shevchenko National Reserve, Kaniv, Ukraine, Bryzhytska S. А.
Published: November 2024

The study reveals the life and creative and creative path of a famous person from the entourage of Taras Shevchenko – Princess Varvara Repnina. Her origin is studied from well-known historical families of Rurikovich (from Chernihiv), Volkonsky, Razumovsky. Particular attention is paid to her epistolary heritage, literary and journalistic work. It is proved that Varvara Repnina as a writer supplemented another page whith her memoirs to the great history of the country, which was faithfully served by her ancestors. Articls about Varvara Rapnina were analysed separately, in particular, short biographical data about Princess Repnina both like ie encyclopedic editions of the 19-21st centuries in modern Shevchenko literature.

In the memoirs of Varvara Repnina, her character, life principles, and attitude to various circumstances are clearly revealed. In them, she without tricks, unequivocally and frankly gives an assessment to people and events, notices small details, which is very important, since this is an important condition for the formation of a true and holistic view of reader of what he has read. The high literary style of her writing is combined simultaneously with laconosm.

Publications of Princess Varvara Repnina give a holistic view as an individual and a writer, reveal her childhood, education, environment, friendship with writers Nikolai Gogol and Taras Shevchenko, life abroad (Kassel, Paris, Spain, Dresden, Prague, Vien, Rome, Florence, Switzerland). Varvara Repnina's articles reveales her aesthetic tastes, deep spirituality, worldview, emotional and decisive character, beliefs, preferences.
СREATIVE HISTORY DYPTYCH BY LINA KOSTENKO "KOBZARYU…"
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Hnatiuk M. M.
Published: November 2024

The article deals with the peculiarities of creative history work of art by Lina Kostenko "Kobzaryu…" in projection on the system art-world outlook co-ordinates of the second half XX century. Individuality, unique vision world of artist mark on the author's reception of Shevchenko's text, original model dialogism, formed on basis the new type reflection, figurative system, composition structure and ideological direct of the work. The work uses a systematic approach involving textological, philological, source study, hermeneutic, receptive, psychological methods.

The article indicated that of the poetic discurs of Lina Kostenko reflection on the literary heritage of Taras Shevchenko occupies the main place. She completely divide his aesthetic views and the credo of life, revelation of peculiarities of the artist's creative process through prism own poetic text. Imitative-expression phenomenon the artistic creative work of artist she interdependence of standard the skill creative, the standard his national conscious, the depth filled with life of the peoples, national orientation of civil position by author and his characters.

The polyphonic art of the writer impresses with unique energy andmind discipline, where every word is worth its weight in gold. Its magic relies on a deep intellectual sense arising from powerful spiritual potential. The unifying principle of building an image of personality and an image of reality is an aesthetic element. The narrative on creative practices reveals a personal history of one of the most prominent figures of modern times – writer Lina Kostenko.
THE CONCEPTS OF UNFREEDOM AND SLAVERY IN ARTISTIC CONSCIOUSNESS OF T. SHEVCHENKO
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Hudyma A. O.
Published: November 2024

The study deals with the differences between physical unfreedom and slavery as a spiritual category in Taras Shevchenko's poetry. We observe the transformation of the image of the Ukrainian people in the poetry of the fourth period of creativity, compared to the previous ones. Traditionally during the first three periods of Taras Shevchenko's work the image of Ukrainians is shown as an object of abuse, a victim of circumstances, a martyr of lords, colonizers – one who suffers from the unmercy of God. In the poetry of the fourth period, the Ukrainian people appear in the image of slaves – through the worship of untruth, the silent indulgence of evil – which causes the poet rejection, anger and condemnation. Life outside the truth has no value for Taras Shevchenko.

In the mind of the artist, the concepts of freedom, truth and word (which have the highest value) – are inseparable, like slavery, untruth, silence. At the same time, unfreedom and slavery for the artist are not synonymous concepts, or even – antithetical.

Shevchenko's images of the tsar and slaves, we are convinced, are not an oppositional pair, but as a rule are complementary: slaves need the tsar as much as he needs them, slaves show their adaptation to the tyranny of slavery. The chain tsar – slaves and multi-stage slavery can be traced in a number of works of the analyzed period. However, the most eloquent is the scene of the "general battle" of the poem "Dream (Everyone has their own destiny)". It seems that there is no middle ground 75 between a tsar and a slave. On the other hand, T.Shevchenko's oppositional pair is the tsar as the parent of slavery – fighters for freedom as unconquered, those who did not accept slavery, and slaves – fighters for freedom.

External shackles enslave only physically, says the poet, the most destructive is the internal enslavement, which the author notices in his own nation, as a consequence of long conciliatory existence in Ukraine enslaved by the Russian Empire. "Falling under the yoke", deadly indifference due to its longevity are reflected on the spiritual face of the nation. In his reflections on the enslavement of Ukrainians by the empire, the poet also comes to the conclusion that, in fact, the point of the root of enslavement and development of imperial power is in "inclination" of Ukrainians, their nonresistance to Moscow oppression.

Shevchenko notes that under enslavement the people are degradated. The author speaks of slavery as helplessness, acceptance of untruths and lack of human dignity. And the word is able to resist evil and untruth.
CREATIVITY OF TARAS SHEVCHENKO'S THROUGH THE PRISM OF CRITICAL AND AESTHETIC INTERPRETATION OF OMELYAN OHONOVSKYI
Authors:   Shevchenko Institute of Literature of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Prylipko Iryna
Published: November 2024

The article highlights the peculiarities of the interpretation of T. Shevchenko's works in the work "Critical-aesthetic view of some poems of Taras Shevchenko" by one of the first Galician Shevchenko experts – O. Ogonovskyi. It has been found that the significance of this studio lies in the analytical understanding of T. Shevchenko's poems, in particular "To Osnovyanenko", "And the Dead and the Living and the Unborn...", "Neophytes", "Poplar", as well as in the popularization of the poet's work and conveying his work to the contemporary reader. The reasoning of O. Ogonovskyi regarding genre nature, figurative system, pictorial and expressive means, motifs of works, stylistic manner of T. Shevchenko was traced and analyzed; the specificity of the author's critical-aesthetic approach to the analyzed texts is revealed. Emphasis is placed on O. Ogonovskyi's familiarity with T. Shevchenko's correspondence, his biography, the context of the appearance of the works, and the works of other researchers, in particular E. Zgarskyi. It has been established that the criticalaesthetic approach of O. Ogonovskyi is distinguisned by some schematism and scholasticism; striving for a detailed coverage of the content of the analyzed works, O. Ogonovskyi resorted to too detailed retelling of the content, and also did not avoid subjectivism, which led to the lack of motivation of some of his statements. Despite this, the studio "Critical-aesthetic view of some poems of Taras Shevchenko", along with the works of E. Zgarskyi, O. Partytskyi, V. Barvinskyi, D. Tanyachkevich and others became an important component of the process of formation of Shevchenko studies in Western Ukrainian territories.
The relationship between income and subjective well-being: the case of Spain
Authors: Cárcaba Ana , González Eduardo
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the evolution of individual subjective well-being (SWB) in Spain from 2013 to 2022, with special focus on its relationship with income. Of the many driving forces of SWB identified in the literature, income is one of the most controversial. We use a large sample of individuals to analyze how income and SWB interacted during the post-2008 crisis period. As expected, our findings show that income is positively related to SWB, but at a decreasing rate. The time interaction with income reveals that the effect of income has also diminished over time. Therefore, as material conditions have improved in Spain during the period under analysis, the relevance of income in determining SWB has not.
The method of protecting an articulated electric bus from rollover
Authors: Antonyan Akop V. , Klimov Alexander V. , Buchkin Andrey O.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: The current trend of using electric buses has been growing in the last few years. Articulated electric buses also take the routes. These vehicles, due to the presence of heavy traction batteries mainly on the roof, have a tendency to an increased roll angle and a tendency to rollover. Therefore, there is a need to apply anti-rollover measures for such vehicles.
AIM: Development of the control law and algorithm that are capable of decreasing the tendency of an articulated electric bus to rollover by means of reducing the torque.
METHODS: During the development and research of the algorithm, the MATLAB/Simulink simulation environment with the developed mathematical model of spatial motion of an articulated electric bus is used.
RESULTS: The derivation of formulae for calculating the critical turning velocity of sections for articulated vehicles is presented, an algorithm and a traction control law are formulated depending on the turning parameters, the graphs that justify the operability and effectiveness of the algorithms are presented.
CONCLUSION: The practical value of the developed algorithm lies in its practical application on an articulated vehicle in order to reduce the tendency to increased roll angles and to protect it from rollover.
Waveform Tomography Improves Far-Regional Distance Simulations of Underground Nuclear Explosions and Earthquakes from the Former Nuclear Test Site, Western United States
Authors: Rodgers Arthur
Published: November 2024

We investigated the efficacy of seismic Earth models to simulate complete regional distance waveforms from underground nuclear explosions and earthquakes on and near the former Nevada Test Site in Nevada, western United States. We focused on two far-regional stations (∼1000 km) in two period bands 20–50 and 15–40 s, for which path propagation effects over many wavelengths accumulate and pose challenges to low-magnitude nuclear explosion monitoring (NEM). Four seismic models were considered: two average radially symmetric 1D and two fully 3D models. Model performance was evaluated with metrics of waveform phase (cross-correlation delay time), shape (correlation coefficient), and amplitude (variance reduction with delay time shift) and averaged into a summary score. We found that a recent 3D model based on full waveform inversion (FWI) tomography including radial anisotropy and crustal thickness variations performs on average better than the alternatives. Results suggest that FWI based on crustal depth earthquakes can provide useful 3D models for NEM. Such models can be used for the simulation of Green’s functions for source characterization including moment tensor inversion and source type characterization (e.g., explosion–earthquake–collapse identification, moment and yield estimation).
Applications of Tandem Column Liquid Chromatography for the Achiral and Chiral Separation of Selected Classes of Pharmaceuticals
Authors:   , Marrazzo Megan Elizabeth , King Daniel B.
Published: November 2024

Tandem column-liquid chromatography (TC-LC) is a type of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) that is designed to improve selectivity, resolution, and efficiency by coupling two columns together in series. TC-LC was used in both chiral and achiral separations of pharmaceutical compounds. A liquid chromatographic method was developed to separate ten non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (aceclofenac, aspirin, carprofen, celecoxib, diclofenac, flurbiprofen, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, salicylic acid) using an achiral tandem column configuration under reversed-phase conditions. An NSAID test mix was prepared with 0.5 mg/mL thiourea as a t0 marker and 0.5 mg/mL of each of the above NSAIDs in 1:1 acetonitrile: aqueous 0.2% formic acid. Three different 5-cm columns were investigated individually and in two different tandem-column configurations: an octyl (C8), a perfluorophenyl (PFP) column, and a biphenyl (BP) column. The two tandem configurations were a PFP column followed by either a BP or C8 column. While baseline resolution of the critical pair of NSAIDs (ketoprofen + naproxen) was not achieved with the PFP+C8 combination, the PFP+BP combination gave baseline resolution of all 10 NSAIDs in under 25 minutes. A tandem-column liquid chromatographic method was developed to separate five beta-blockers (Acebutolol, Alprenolol, Atenolol, Metoprolol, Propranolol) from each other and additionally their enantiomers. A beta-blocker test mix was prepared with 0.75 mg/mL of each of the above beta-blockers in 25: 75 methanol: water. This method employed a column with an achiral stationary phase (HALO-PCS-C18) coupled to a column with a chiral stationary phase (NicoShell). The chemical name of the latter is a proprietary modified macrocyclic glycopeptide. Using a shallow gradient increasing from 40% of a polar ionic mobile phase of 0.1 weight percent ammonium formate in methanol to 60% with the other mobile phase component of aqueous 0.1 % ammonium formate, five beta-blockers and their enantiomers were separated in under 10 minutes. Although baseline resolution of the Alprenolol enantiomers was not achieved, this method achieved the complete achiral and chiral separation of the other four beta-blockers and their enantiomers.
A decisive factor? Pro-government external interventions in civil wars
Authors: Abdeeva D.P.
Published: November 2024

Civil wars have been the most prevalent type of armed conflicts post-World War II. Despite the internal nature of such conflicts, foreign assistance is frequently provided to one of the parties involved, with official governments being the most frequent beneficiaries. This study employs extensive empirical evidence to analyze how external involvement in support of government forces influences the outcome of civil wars. Drawing on the bargaining model of war, a civil war is portrayed as a continuous process where the parties constantly reassess their chances of success based on individual battle outcomes. One-sided foreign intervention complicates this evaluation by exacerbating power and information asymmetries inherent to internal conflicts, leading to increased uncertainty about the opponent’s capabilities and intentions, as well as doubts about their ability to credibly commit to peace agreements. Using Cox proportional hazards model, the author finds that external pro-government support primarily serves to sustain the recipient’s ability to continue fighting rather than significantly enhance its chances of victory in a civil war. Furthermore, the impact of such support varies depending on the type of intervention: indirect assistance is associated with a reduced likelihood of the opposition prevailing, whereas direct military intervention does not have a statistically significant influence on the outcome.
Image of regions and index of historical and cultural heritage: Altai Territory and the Altai Republic
Authors: Chernyshov Yu.G. , Derendyaeva A.D.
Published: November 2024

Carrying out an effective image policy in modern conditions of competition between regions is becoming an important factor in the successful development of a territory's potential. However, image-forming activities in many Russian regions are still at a low level. One of the key issues is the problem of preservation and image promotion of historical and cultural heritage. In order to adequately assess and use this potential, it would be useful to develop universal methods for its evaluation. The authors attempt to develop a methodology for assessing regional images through the prism of the historical and cultural heritage of the territory. The study has for empirical basis the results of a survey of experts conducted in May 2023 by scientists from Altai State University in two constituent entities of the Russian Federation - the Altai Territory and the Altai Republic. More than half of the respondents have academic degrees; among them there are civil servants, deputies, cultural figures, journalists, museum workers, representatives of travel agencies, scientists. The results obtained were included in the Index, which took into account the ratings of different groups of regional symbols, as well as the assessments and recommendations of experts regarding the use of historical and cultural heritage. This “pilot project” of the Index contains three parts: 1) an associative series about each region; 2) ratings of historical and cultural symbols, built graphically into the “hexagon”; 3) practical recommendations and comparative analysis from experts. The article comprises three main sections; the introduction clarifies the content of the main concepts (“image”, “region”, “historical and cultural heritage”), and the conclusion summarizes the main results of the study. In general, according to the authors, the very principle of data processing during the creation of the Index has sufficiently justified itself. For each region, a clear picture was obtained that allows us to adequately assess the specifics of the situation and draw practical conclusions on how to more effectively implement image policies using the existing historical and cultural potential.