bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design, Implementation, and Examination of a Remote Patient Monitoring System for Pediatric Obesity: Protocol for an Open Trial Pilot Study
Authors: Lim Crystal , Rutledge Laura , Sandridge Shanda , King Krista , Jefferson Darryl , Tucker Tanya
Published: June 2021

Background

Pediatric obesity is a critical public health issue. Augmenting care in multidisciplinary pediatric obesity clinics with innovative evidence-based technology to improve weight status and health outcomes is needed.

Objective

This study describes the design and methods of an open trial pilot study to examine a remote patient monitoring system (RPMS) for children aged 8-17 years who are receiving treatment in a multidisciplinary pediatric obesity clinic.

Methods

Participants will include 45 youth with obesity and their parents. Families will receive standard care in the clinic and the RPMS for 3 months. The RPMS consists of a tablet, weight scale, and pedometer. The system provides daily educational content and involves the use of the pedometer and weekly weigh-ins. Children and parents will complete baseline, posttreatment (month 3), and follow-up assessments (month 6). The primary aim of the study is to examine feasibility and satisfaction with the RPMS and assess its initial effectiveness.

Results

We hypothesize high feasibility and satisfaction, with rates over 75%. Furthermore, after RPMS treatment, children will exhibit improved weight status, health outcomes, dietary intake, physical activity, health-related quality of life, self-efficacy, and home-food environment compared to before treatment. These gains are expected to persist at follow-up.

Conclusions

This study is novel in that it is the first to design, implement, and examine an RPMS in a pediatric obesity clinic. If the RPMS is feasible, effective, and easily accessible, it may prove to be a practical, acceptable, and cost-effective weight management treatment for youth seeking treatment for severe obesity.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04029597; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04029597

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/29858
The Prevalence of Cyberbullying among Adolescents: A Case Study of Middle Schools in Vietnam
Authors: Oanh To Phuong
Published: June 2021

This paper aims to investigate the prevalence of cyberbullying among Vietnamese adolescents. Special emphasis was placed on gender differences regarding different forms of cyberbullying and victimization. In this study, 200 middle school students from four state schools in Vietnam were online surveyed to obtain information about the prevalence of cyberbullying and victimization. The results show that most of the students used the Internet daily and that almost all of them possess mobile telephones. On average, 7% of students reported that they have cyberbullied others online, whilst 14% of them were victims of cyberbullying. The most common types of victimization reported by students were harassment including “prank or silent phone calls” or “Insults on instant messaging and website”. There were not any significant gender differences in cyberbullying and being victimized by cyberbullies than females.
Transformación del paisaje en la Nueva Galicia. Siglos XVI-XVII.
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Salas Hernández Juana Elizabeth
Published: June 2021

Este libro explora los procesos plurales y complejos imbricados en la transformación del paisaje en la Nueva Galicia. El territorio de este nuevo reino de las Indias Occidentales comenzó a conformarse en 1523, cuando Rodrigo de Sandoval descubrió el señorío de Colima. Sin embargo, a partir de entonces inició también una complicada sucesión de cambios e interacciones. En un momento de conquista, conflicto y poblamiento, las dimensiones culturales, ambientales y geográficas experimentan tensas relaciones. De ahí que en este trabajo, a través de la lente de la historia ambiental, se dé cuenta de los diversos aspectos, tanto físicos como simbólicos, que atravesaron los cambios en el paisaje de un espacio tan significativo como lo fue la Nueva Galicia.
Antioxidant effects on hypoxia-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in rat rotator cuff fibroblasts
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, 11 Samjeongja-ro, Seongsan-gu, Changwon 51472, Republic of Korea, Kim RJ , An SH , Gwark JY , Park HB
Published: June 2021

Most cells, highly sensitive to oxygen levels, undergo apoptosis under hypoxia. Therefore, the involvement of hypoxia in rotator cuff tendon degeneration has been proposed. While previous studies have reported that hypoxia induces apoptosis in rotator cuff fibroblasts (RCFs), little research has investigated whether antioxidants have cytoprotective effects against RCF apoptosis. The present study aimed at determining whether the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) exerted cytoprotective effects against hypoxia-induced RCF apoptosis. Third-passage rat RCFs were divided into normoxia, NAC, hypoxia and NAC-hypoxia groups. The hypoxia inducer was 1,000 µmol/L cobalt chloride (CoCl2); the antioxidant was 20 mmol/L NAC. Expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), cell viability, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, apoptosis rates as well as expressions of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1), vascular endothelial growth factors-β (VEGF-β) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) were evaluated. Expression of HIF-1α and HO-1 was significantly higher in the hypoxia group than in the normoxia group (p < 0.001). Cell viability was significantly lower in the hypoxia group than in the normoxia group (p < 0.001). Intracellular ROS production, apoptosis rate and expressions of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP-1, VEGF-β and MMP-2 were significantly higher in the hypoxia group than in the normoxia group (p < 0.001). All these responses were significantly attenuated by pre-treatment with NAC (p ≤ 0.001). ROS were involved in hypoxic RCF apoptosis induced by CoCl2; NAC, an ROS scavenger, inhibited hypoxia-induced RCF apoptosis by inhibiting ROS production.
Android App to Connect Farmers to Retailers and Agricultural Machinery Rental Business
Authors: Pagar Monali
Published: June 2021

Agriculture serves the foremost basic task of providing humanity with adequate food provides. The farmer's economy must be met so as to accomplish this task. One amongst the most effective solutions for fulfilling the task is that the selling of agriculture. It involves the acquisition from farmers of agricultural product. Some farmers square measure unaware of costs of commodities and sell their merchandise to third-party suppliers at low prices, leading to vast losses for farmers. we are going to produce associate degree automaton application of farmer product selling to unravel this way of scenario, that provides higher information of the artefact costs of current selling ways at completely different locations. This helps to seek out patrons and appropriate sellers. It additionally permits farmers to pick out the most effective position on the marketplace for the products to be sold . They additionally needed completely different farming machinery for crop production, however they're unable to shop for the high price instrumentation because of poor economic conditions, another alternative left is to require the machines on loan. It helps to make a web-based business management system to confirm that agricultural machinery rental businesses square measure run with efficiency and handled transparently.
Islamic triangle concept of marital age: Indonesian experience
Authors: Muhammadi Fauzan , Wulandari Eva , Hajir Susanto M.
Published: June 2021

Marriage is a sacred act that no one will doubt. The sacredness of marriage does not mean that every person could be married. There are legal competencies in Islam that every person should be aware of before doing any legal acts. Islamic law sets two indicators of legal age; both are bālig and rusydan. Indonesia has determined the age of 19 to be a formal legal age of Indonesian people for their marriage. Finding the connection between the two indicators and concluded age is worth studying. The article aims to correlate Islamic legal competence with the marriage readiness and triangle analysis of legal age marriage based on Indonesia's factual issues. The article was described and analyzed qualitatively and based on the normative legal review. The review found out that ahliyyatul adā` al-kāmilah is the appropriate phase-in doing all legal activities, including marriage. The concluded age of 19 by the Indonesian government is well-measured when it was analyzed through the three parallel concepts: maslahah, ra’iyyatul imam manūtun bil maslahah, and sadd al-zarī’ah, all of which allow valuable considerations based on actual problematic issues of underage marriage.
Ética del cuidado y cuidado de enfermería
Authors: Yáñez Flores Kathia , Rivas Riveros Edith , Campillay Campillay Maggie
Published: June 2021

Introducción. El cuidado de enfermería tiene una connotación ética reflejada en los atributos que implica el ejercicio del deber, establecido principalmente en el Código de ética profesional, mientras la ética de la virtud apela al desarrollo de valores. Autoras como Gilligan, Noddigns y Tronto han aportado desde la ética del cuidado, como referentes ético-teóricos al ámbito de una enfermería feminizada. Objetivo. Describir la contribución de la Ética del cuidado a la enfermería profesional. Metodología. Reflexión de tipo teórica que pretende aumentar la comprensión del cuidado a partir de los marcos conceptuales y epistemológicos desarrollado por las autoras revisadas. Resultados y discusión. El manuscrito se organizó describiendo: a) los conceptos considerados clave en la Ética del cuidado, b) Gilligan y la Ética del cuidado, y finalmente, b) el aporte realizado por Tronto y Noddigns que han ampliado la discusión sobre el cuidado a nivel universal, aportando al cuidado informal como profesional. Conclusiones. La Ética del cuidado ha permitido desarrollar marcos conceptuales que facilitan la comprensión del cuidado de manera universal, dándole un estatus fundamental para la vida en sociedad. Recuperar las virtudes éticas para el cuidado en un justo equilibrio con el deber, contribuye a que la enfermería revalore lo emocional en la relación de ayuda que establece con los pacientes y las comunidades.
Vivencias de padres de niños con fisura labio palatina respecto al cuidado en las distintas etapas del tratamiento quirúrgico
Authors: San Martín Osses Verónica , Osorio Spuler Ximena
Published: June 2021

La enfermera(o) es uno de los profesionales de la salud encargado(a) de proporcionar cuidados al paciente con malformación labio palatina durante la evolución de su tratamiento. Sin embargo, no existen suficientes estudios nacionales ni internacionales que evidencian la vivencia de los padres en relación al cuidado recibido por sus hijos, debido a lo cual nace la inquietud de investigar la experiencia de un grupo de padres del sur de Chile respecto a los cuidados recibidos por parte del profesional enfermero durante la evolución de la enfermedad de sus hijos. El objetivo es develar vivencias de padres de niños con malformación labio palatina, con respecto a los cuidados de enfermería recibidos desde que el niño es diagnosticado hasta que es sometido al procedimiento quirúrgico, en el hospital Hernán Henríquez Aravena, durante el primer semestre de 2019. Es un estudio cualitativo con enfoque fenomenológico descriptivo, realizado a través de entrevistas en profundidad, notas de campo y grabaciones de audio. Respecto de los resultados, de las vivencias y narraciones de los padres surgen categorías y subcategorías que permiten analizar más claramente la investigación. Estas categorías son: emociones negativas vividas, experiencia con los cuidados en salud y expectativas de cuidados de enfermería. Se concluye que los padres perciben una permanente invisibilidad de enfermería, confundiendo muchas veces su atención con la proporcionada por técnicos y/u otros profesionales de la salud. En cuanto a los cuidados de enfermería, relatan gratitud, pero sin distinción de quién la propició, sino más bien hacia el equipo de salud en general.
¿Ahora sí cuidados paliativos es parte de la medicina?
Authors: Della Valle Adriana
Published: June 2021

A fines del año 2019 se describió al virus Sars-Cov-2 en la ciudad China de Wuhan (1) y a inicios del año 2020 fue declarada la infección por este como pandemia por la OMS. (2) La infección por ese virus genera desde afecciones asintomáticas a formas graves de neumonitis y tromboembolismo pulmonar, particularmente en la población más añosa, (3) generando una sobrecarga en el sistema sanitario y un colapso en la economía mundial.
Ressignificação da auto-organização dos estudantes na EFA de Marilândia
Authors: Pomuchenq Felipe Junior Mauricio , Santos Franklin Noel dos
Published: June 2021

A auto-organização dos estudantes é um processo de fortalecimento da coletividade e da vida de grupo, a partir da construção de sistemas orgânicos e democráticos de gestão. Relatamos, neste estudo, a experiência de ressignificação da auto-organização dos estudantes de uma Escola Família Agrícola (EFA), iniciado no ano de 2016, fruto de um projeto de pesquisa e experimentação pedagógica (requisito para a formação inicial em alternância dos monitores). A metodologia da pesquisa se baseou em revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa de campo com auxílio de questionários e atividades de intervenção na escola. Por meio deste projeto, foi possível ampliar os espaços de formação e participação dos estudantes, melhorar a relação destes com os monitores e, após este período, estruturar este artigo como relato de experiência, acompanhado de análises sobre a prática da EFA, elencando avanços obtidos e outras perspectivas a serem alcançadas.
The Impact of Accent among Non-Native English-speaking Biology Lecturers on Student Comprehension and Attitudes
Authors: Kolesnikova Alexandra , Liubimova Alina , Muromtseva Elena , Muromtsev Anton
Published: June 2021

This study examined the attitudes of postgraduate biology students of three top-ranked Russian universities towards the foreign accents of non-native English-speaking lecturers. Fifty participants responded to a questionnaire, the main purpose of which was to explore the listeners’ perceptions of professors’ accents and their influence on students’ ability to concentrate on and comprehend the lecture material. The research included a quantitative analysis of gathered descriptive data. The results of the study show Russian students’ tolerant attitudes to foreign accents of non-native lecturers and demonstrate their readiness to comprehend non-standard English-medium speech of non-native representatives of the international natural sciences academic community.
Sustainability reporting in Fiji listed companies: A voluntary disclosure perspective using legitimacy theory
Authors: Raj Shivneil Kumar , Azam Mohammed Riaz
Published: June 2021

The study examined the extent of sustainability reporting practices (voluntary disclosures — VD) of Fiji listed corporations. Using a theoretical framework informed by legitimacy theory, the authors predict the extent of both narrative and non-narrative VD. The study applied a content analysis method and examined archival data such as scholarly articles and 2019 annual reports data of listed companies. The means of triangulation was further augmented by backing the results of the study with prior literature on sustainability reporting. The findings highlight that narrative VD was evident in most annual reports. Non-narrative VD was adequate with a primary focus on corporate social responsibilities. From an overall perspective, VD was found to be very limited. The study contributes to providing insights into the paucity of literature in developing nations’ context on sustainability reporting practices
RAPID AND COST-EFFECTIVE PROCESS BASED ON INSECT LARVAE FOR SCALE-UP PRODUCTION OF SARS-COV-2 SPIKE PROTEIN FOR SEROLOGICAL COVID-19 TESTING
Authors: Smith Ignacio , Callum Gregorio Mc , Sabljic Adriana , Marfia Juan , Bombicino Silvina , Trabucchi Aldana , Iacono Ruben , Birenbaum Joaquín , Vazquez Susana , Minoia Juan , Cascone Osvaldo , López María , Taboga Oscar , Targovnik Alexandra , Wolman Federico , Fingermann Matías , Alonso Leonardo , Valdez Silvina , Miranda Maria
Published: June 2021

Serology testing for COVID-19 is important in evaluating active immune
response against SARS-CoV-2, studying the antibody kinetics, and
monitoring reinfections with genetic variants and new virus strains, in
particular, the duration of antibodies in virus-exposed individuals and
vaccine-mediated immunity. In this work, recombinant S protein of
SARS-CoV-2 was expressed in Rachiplusia nu, an important agronomic
plague. One gram of insect larvae produces an amount of S protein
sufficient for 150 determinations in the ELISA method herein developed.
We established a rapid production process for SARS-CoV-2 S protein that
showed immunoreactivity for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and was used as a
single antigen for developing the ELISA method with high sensitivity
(96.2%) and specificity (98.8%). Our findings provide an efficient and
cost-effective platform for large-scale S protein production, and the
scale-up is linear, thus avoiding the use of complex equipment like
bioreactors.
GIANT CORONARY ANEURYSM IN A 6 WEEK OLD INFANT, AN UNUSUAL FINDING?
Authors: Argueta Jorge Palacios , Manubens Judith Sanchez , Zuccarino Flavio , Marin Silvia Teodoro , Martinez Fredy Prada
Published: June 2021

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a self-limited vasculitis with significant
morbidity and even mortality if not treated early. The diagnosis and
timely treatment in children younger than 3 months is challenging, most
of them have an incomplete or atypical presentation. Coronary artery
abnormalities are frequent in this type of patients. We present a
6-week-old female infant with Kawasaki disease who developed a giant
coronary aneurysm. The timely diagnosis and promptly treatment as well
as the echocardiographic and multimodality follow-up allowed us to
improve our clinical approach and management.
Computational insights into the Multi-Diels-Alder reactions of neutral C60 and its Li+ encapsulated analogue: A DFT study
Authors: Ash Tamalika , Banerjee Soumadip , Debnath Tanay , Das Abhijit
Published: June 2021

Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction is helpful to produce covalent
derivatives of fullerene with desirable electronic and physical
properties. In the present venture, we have computationally investigated
the reactivity of neutral C and its
Li encapsulated derivative towards Multi-Diels-Alder
(MDA) reaction with 1,3-butadiene, employing density functional theory
(DFT). The computational reports available to date illustrate the
functionalization of fullerene surfaces of neutral and encapsulated
C (Ca and Sm) with two butadiene molecules. In this
article, we aim to investigate whether more than two butadiene molecules
can be attached to the fullerene surface or not. To do so, we have shown
that the MDA reaction initiates with the formation of an encounter
complex between the mono-functionalized fullerene product and the second
butadiene molecule. In this context, two different approaches, namely
‘Direct’ and ‘Alternative’ have been considered based on the attachment
of the second butadiene, i.e., whether it is attached to the opposite or
adjacent position of the first functionalization, which eventually
produces the same final product. We have explored the MDA reactions by
considering a total of four diene molecules that can be embedded
successfully on the fullerene surface, with each reaction step having a
high degree of exothermicity, thus making the overall reaction
thermodynamically facile. In harmony with the mono- and
bis-cycloaddition reactions, for MDA reaction also, the positive impact
of Li encapsulation for enhancing the reactivity of
fullerene surface towards butadiene attachment is evident from our
study. On-the-fly calculations also suggest the bond preference for
[6, 6] connectivity than its [6, 5] counterpart, to be the
suitable dienophile, just like the mono- and bis-functionalization
reported earlier. Overall, the present study will foresee an extensive
idea about the detailed mechanism of the MDA reaction on neutral
C and Li@C that
could encourage the scientists to perform the aforementioned reaction
for other fullerene derivatives in the long run.
Below-ground plant-soil interactions affecting adaptations of rice to iron toxicity
Authors: Kirk Guy , Manwaring Hanna , Ueda Yoshiaki , Semwal Vimal , Wissuwa Matthias
Published: June 2021

Iron toxicity is a major constraint to rice production, particularly in
highly-weathered soils of inland valleys in sub-Saharan Africa where the
rice area is rapidly expanding. Although there is wide variation in
tolerance in the rice germplasm, progress in introgressing tolerance
traits into high-yielding germplasm has been slow owing to the
complexity of tolerance mechanisms and large genotype by environment
effects. We review current understanding of tolerance mechanisms,
particularly those involving below-ground plant-soil interactions, which
to date have been less studied than above-ground mechanisms. We cover
processes in the rhizosphere linked to exclusion of toxic ferrous iron
by oxidation, and resulting effects on the mobility of nutrient ions. We
also cover the molecular physiology of below-ground processes
controlling Fe retention in roots and root-shoot transport, and also
plant Fe sensing. We conclude that future breeding programs should be
based on well-characterised molecular markers for tolerance traits. To
successfully identify such markers, the complex tolerance response
should be broken down into its components based on understanding of
tolerance mechanisms, and tailored screening methods developed for
individual mechanisms.
Adverse Events of Subcutaneous Loop Recorders: Insights from the MAUDE Database
Authors: Heaton Joseph , Rezkalla Kyrillos , Fullmer Jessie , Mbamalu Buniechukwuenu , Buddhavarapu Sivacharan , Garyali Samir
Published: June 2021

Background: Complications using internal cardiac monitors are have been
reported at a low rate. Targeted analyses of complications have not been
well described. Objective: To investigate and describe complications
associated with internal cardiac monitor (ICM) events reported to the
FDA’s Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database.
Methods: Our team reviewed all reported events for the Reveal LINQ loop
recorder submitted to the MAUDE database over seven years
(1/1/2013-12/31/2019). A 5% random selection of reports was audited by
two researchers to ensure report validity. Two cardiologists manually
reviewed death and incongruent events for final interpretation. Results:
12,652 records were obtained during the observed time period. A total of
15,587 device complications were reported. Of this, under-sensing (n =
4509, 28.93%), premature discharge of battery (n = 3262, 20.93%),
over-sensing (n = 2788, 17.89%), and other sensing issues (n = 1532,
9.83%) were most commonly reported. Patient adverse events were
reported 1,030 times. Pain or discomfort (n = 275, 26.70%), site
infection (n = 213, 20.68%), erosion (n = 138, 13.40%), and impaired
healing (n = 49, 4.76%) were most commonly reported to affect patients.
Death was reported four times; after expert review, no reports justified
the device or procedure as a reasonable cause. Verification of events
reported 99.53% accuracy of reporting. Conclusion: Several
non-life-threatening ICM complications were commonly noted from the
analysis. This study supports the safe use of ICMs. A better
understanding of the complication profile will help providers select
patients, provide informed consent, and expected management.
Gestión y liderazgo del talento: las claves del éxito empresarial
Authors: Luna-Arocas Roberto
Published: June 2021

Desde hace ya unas décadas, se está trabajando con profundidad en la investigación científica sobre la evidencia en las empresas de la gestión del talento. A nivel profesional, ya han sido muchas organizaciones las que han dado el salto cualitativo hacia una nueva manera de enfocar los recursos humanos (RR. HH.). Principalmente porque esta nueva perspectiva está más vinculada tanto al negocio como a los objetivos empresariales, además de ser más aceptada por la mayoría de los profesionales.
Desde los orígenes de la guerra del talento por Mckinsey hasta la actualidad, la investigación está analizando el papel de la gestión del talento en los resultados organizativos. En este sentido, Luna (2018) diseñó un modelo de gestión del talento basado en siete variables: el modelo 7GT. Este modelo contiene tres variables sistémicas que afectan a toda la organización y cuatro variables estratégicas, y aparte de implementarse en muchas organizaciones, está siendo también investigado científicamente. Del mismo modo, Luna (2021) se dio cuenta de que de nada serviría formular una nueva manera de dirigir personas basada en el talento si no se daba un cambio en el liderazgo de gran parte de las organizaciones. Por eso mismo, diseñó un modelo de seis variables para liderar desde el talento.
Se analizan las implicaciones de ambos modelos en el mundo organizativo y empresarial, así como se profundiza en las variables que lo componen.
Evaluation of boiler performance with using of bio-ethanol absorbed wood pellets
Authors: Joswa Lazaras , Kandhasamy Raja , Vijayaraj Vijay , Tekelemariam Akilu , Tufa Mebra , Venkatraman Vijayan , Ramalingam Kamalakannan
Published: June 2021

In current trends the wood pellets are very significance role in the replacing of boiler fuel, it is a surrogate and renewable fuel. For this study comparative analysis of the fuel performance in the boiler is carried out effectively. Two categorize of fuel like as raw wood pellets and wood pellets are immersed in the bio-ethanol are taken to this experimental work. The thermal characteristics and thermal efficiency of the boiler with influence of two types of fuels are conducted efficiently. Normally the wood pellets having small pores it is used to absorb the bio ethanol while in immersion. Wood pellets immersed in the bio ethanol are provided and increase the thermal properties as well as thermal efficiency com-pared to raw pellets, due to amid in the two fuels. The flue gas constituent?s percentage such as CO2, O2, CO, and NOx are analyzed, additionally the high temperature of flue gas also measured in the outlet of the chimney. No alteration is made in the boiler set-up which is comfortable to both fuels.
Long RNA Sequencing and Ribosome Profiling of Inflamed β-Cells Reveal an Extensive Translatome Landscape
Authors: Thomaidou Sofia , Slieker Roderick C. , van der Slik Arno R. , Boom Jasper , Mulder Flip , Munoz-Garcia Amadeo , ‘t Hart Leen M. , Koeleman Bobby , Carlotti Françoise , Hoeben Rob C. , Roep Bart O. , Mei Hailiang , Zaldumbide Arnaud
Published: June 2021

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by autoreactive T cell–mediated destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. Increasing evidence suggest that the β-cells themselves contribute to their own destruction by generating neoantigens through the production of aberrant or modified proteins that escape central tolerance. We recently demonstrated that ribosomal infidelity amplified by stress could lead to the generation of neoantigens in human β-cells, emphasizing the participation of nonconventional translation events in autoimmunity, as occurring in cancer or virus-infected tissues. Using a transcriptome-wide profiling approach to map translation initiation start sites in human β-cells under standard and inflammatory conditions, we identify a completely new set of polypeptides derived from noncanonical start sites and translation initiation within long noncoding RNA. Our data underline the extreme diversity of the β-cell translatome and may reveal new functional biomarkers for β-cell distress, disease prediction and progression, and therapeutic intervention in T1D.
The Women’s Leadership Gap in Diabetes: A Call for Equity and Excellence
Authors: Dunne Jessica L. , Maizel Jennifer L. , Posgai Amanda L. , Atkinson Mark A. , DiMeglio Linda A.
Published: June 2021

Women are broadly underrepresented in scientific leadership positions and their accomplishments are not provided equal recognition compared with those of men, but the imbalance in the field of diabetes is unknown. Hence, we analyzed multiple aspects of historical and present-day female representation in the diabetes field.We quantified gender representation at annual American Diabetes Association (ADA) meetings; editorial board service positions for ADA and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) journals; principal investigators for ADA, JDRF, and National Institutes of Health National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases P30 grant funding; and ADA, JDRF, and EASD award recipients. There are many women in the field of diabetes: registration for the ADA Scientific Sessions has been 43% female since 2016, and for over five decades, women comprised 83% of ADA Presidents of Health Care and Education. Yet, only 9% of ADA Presidents of Medicine and Science have been women. Women were well represented on editorial boards for journals focused on diabetes education (Diabetes Spectrum, 89% female) and primary care (Clinical Diabetes, 49% female) but not for the more academically targeted Diabetes Care (34% female), Diabetes (21% female), and Diabetologia (30% female). Only one-third of ADA Pathway to Stop Diabetes and JDRF grants have been awarded to women, and females only lead 2 of 18 (11%) of the P30-supported Diabetes Research Centers. Finally, only 2–12% of major ADA, JDRF, and EASD awards were given to women, without significant change over time. Despite increasing recognition of gender imbalance in research and medicine, many disparities in the field of diabetes persist. We call for decreasing barriers for advancement of female investigators and creating environments that promote their retention and equitable recognition for their contributions to the field.
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Results in Pregnancy Can Be Used to Individualize the Risk of Future Maternal Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Hiersch Liran , Shah Baiju R. , Berger Howard , Geary Michael , McDonald Sarah D. , Murray-Davis Beth , Halperin Ilana , Retnakaran Ravi , Barrett Jon , Melamed Nir
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to quantify the risk of future maternal type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) based on the type and number of abnormal 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) values and the diagnostic criteria used for the diagnosis of GDM.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study of all nulliparous women with a live singleton birth who underwent testing for GDM using a 75-g OGTT in Ontario, Canada (2007–2017). We estimated the incidence rate (per 1,000 person-years), overall risk (expressed as adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]), and risk at 5 years after the index pregnancy of future maternal T2DM. Estimates were stratified by the type and number of abnormal OGTT values, as well as by the diagnostic criteria for GDM (Diabetes Canada [DC] vs. International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups [IADPSG] criteria).

RESULTS

A total of 55,361 women met the study criteria. The median duration of follow-up was 4.4 (interquartile range 2.8–6.3; maximum 10.3) years. Using women without GDM as reference (incidence rate 2.18 per 1,000 person-years), women with GDM were at an increased risk of future T2DM; this risk was greater when using the DC compared with the IADPSG criteria (incidence rate 18.74 [95% CI 17.58–19.90] vs. 14.07 [95% CI 13.24–14.91] per 1,000 person-years, respectively). The risk of future maternal T2DM increased with the number of abnormal OGTT values and was highest for women with three abnormal values (incidence rate 49.93 per 1,000 person-years; aHR 24.57 [95% CI 21.26–28.39]). The risk of future T2DM was also affected by the type of OGTT abnormality: women with an abnormal fasting value had the greatest risk, whereas women with an abnormal 2-h value had the lowest risk (aHR 14.09 [95% CI 12.46–15.93] vs. 9.22 [95% CI 8.19–10.37], respectively). Similar findings to those described above were observed when the risk of T2DM at a fixed time point of 5 years after the index pregnancy was considered as the outcome of interest.

CONCLUSIONS

In women with GDM, individualized information regarding the future risk of T2DM can be provided based on the type and number of abnormal OGTT values, as well as the diagnostic criteria used for the diagnosis of GDM.
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND FOR REFORM THE MONETARY SYSTEM OF UKRAINE
Authors: Volodymyr Zakharchenko
Published: June 2021

Introduction. Reforming the monetary system of Ukraine is necessary in order to bring it to a state that would meet the needs of socio-economic development of the country.Problem. Monetary reform in Ukraine can be carried out by trial and error, as was the case, for example, in the first half of the 1990s, and can be much more productive, based on the relevant theoretical principles.Purpose: highlighting those provisions of the basic theories of money, which in the current conditions can form a theoretical basis for monetary reform in Ukraine in its broadest sense, in terms of creating a fundamentally new structure and content of the monetary system.The presentation of the material of the article. When reforming the monetary system of Ukraine, it is necessary to focus on practically oriented provisions of basic theories of money. Within the framework of abstract theories, the following provisions can serve these purposes: metalistic theory - to displace the worst money with the best, to achieve a positive foreign trade balance, to pursue a policy of protectionism and exchange rate stabilization; commodity theory - on balancing the amount of money and commodity mass, the application of the gold coin standard, ensuring the independence of the central bank and changing the discount of securities depending on the needs of the economy; nominalist, in particular state, theory - on the maintenance of the state value of paper money. In the framework of applied theories of money, which are based on quantitative theory, the relationship between the mass of money and GNP is of practical importance. The classical quantitative theory of money is based on a direct relationship between them, the theory of neoclassical money (transactional, conjunctural and Cambridge) - indirect.Results and its discussion. It is shown that the Caesian theory of money is important for stimulating economic growth in Ukraine, and monetary theory, coordinated among themselves on the basis of neoclassical synthesis, is important for curbing inflation.Conclusions. Practically oriented provisions of abstract and applied theories of money can form the theoretical basis of monetary reform in Ukraine, but their use should be based on modern Ukrainian realities.Keywords: monetary system, monetary reform, money theory, commodity mass, money supply, price.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITIZATION PROJECTS IN AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
Authors: Rudenko Mykola
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the effectiveness of the implementation of digitization projects in agricultural enterprises. The calculations take into account the uneven financial and investment opportunities of agricultural enterprises, which have provided for the differentiation of investment options depending on the funds available to the producer, as well as the actual land bank of the agricultural producer, which has affected the intensity of digitization tools.

The most attractive digitization tools for agricultural enterprises in terms of implementation efficiency have been identified, among which are allocated: autopilot and course index with its subsequent installation on agricultural machinery; the system of automatic shutdown of sections of a sprayer; the system of automatic shutdown of sections of a seeder; the system of liquid fertilizer application during sowing; differentiated method of fertilization; field condition monitoring (using drones, UAVs); alternative application of fertilizers and PPE (using drones).

Indicators of efficiency of realization of packages of investment projects at the land bank in 500 hectares and 5000 hectares for various options of investment (the sum of investments of 150-200 thousand UAH; 200-300 thousand UAH; 300-500 thousand UAH), and also indicators of efficiency of packages of investment projects connected with preparation and realization of production within five years of realization at the land bank of 5000 hectares for various investment options within the above amounts of investment are calculated.

The most attractive sets of investment projects in digitization tools have been presented, which can be chosen by agricultural enterprises, trying to maximize the level of NPV received within certain investment opportunities. It has been determined that having different amounts of initial investment, agricultural enterprises of different sizes (with a land bank of 500 ha or 5000 ha) have a fairly wide choice of options for investing in almost every monetary segment. The expediency of investing funds of agricultural enterprises in digitization tools has been proved, which confirms the general trend towards digitization of agricultural enterprises and has a solid economic basis.
ECONOMIC AND MATHEMATICAL MODELING AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN MARKETING AUDIT
Authors: Kolomytseva Olena , Burtseva Tetiana , Palonna Tetiana , Boiko Svitlana
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to determining the role of economic and mathematical modeling and information technologies in conducting a marketing audit. The importance of a relatively new direction in marketing science – marketing audit – is emphasized. The main areas and directions of its implementation, in particular the audit of marketing environment, strategy, systems, products, as well as marketing functions – goods, prices, advertising, sales promotion, product promotion, sales staff – are identified. Emphasis is placed on key methods of marketing audit, in particular general scientific, general economic, marketing ones, and the directions of their use are determined. The importance of mathematical and statistical methods in making management decisions and solving marketing problems is noted. The main methods that play a key role in solving the tasks of marketing audit, in particular correlation-regression, dispersion, variational, discriminant, factor, cluster analysis methods, are named. It is noted that balance sheet, optimization, network planning methods, inventory management models, demand and consumption modeling, queuing theory, game theory, decision making in the conditions of uncertainty and risk are the main economic and mathematical models in marketing.

It is emphasized that information technologies are a key tool in conducting a marketing audit. Modern capabilities of computer technology create the conditions for accurate, high-quality, timely information and provide its high-quality, scientifically sound processing. It is noted that information technologies provide the development and implementation of management decisions. It is substantiated that with the help of information technologies the access of audit specialists to the data and knowledge bases necessary for the analysis, as well as for the implementation of economic and mathematical models, without which it is impossible to imagine a modern marketing audit, is open. It is stated that information technologies have also become a key means of communication, transmission of information, holding operational business meetings and conferences.
POTENTIAL OF CHERKASY REGION IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SMART SPECIALIZATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Zakharova Oksana , Fedorenko Natalia , Denga Liudmila
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to reflections on what principles, approaches and diagnostic methods should be based on the choice of the type of economic activities, which will be accepted as the basic to implement smart specialization. The purpose of the article is to assess the potential ability of Cherkasy region to rapid innovative development through the implementation of the principles of smart specialization. The article determines the need and expediency of the transition to new regional administration technologies, among which smart specialization on the example of European countries has shown the highest performance. The time of origin and the context of using the term "smart specialization" in the Ukrainian legislative field have been analyzed. The principles and requirements, the observance of which will contribute to ensuring the efficiency and effectiveness of the implementation of the concept of smart specialization in the region, are highlighted. The content of the Development Strategy of Cherkasy Region for the period 2021–2027 has been analyzed. It has its focus on the implementation of the principles of smart specialization. An assessment of the potential opportunities for implementation in the region of the areas of smart specialization announced in the Strategy through the characteristics of the region's ability to innovate growth has been carried out. The assessment is based on twelve groups of indicators, which comprehensively characterize the volume of labor and the cost of its maintenance, the regional product and the net profit of enterprises, the intensity and personnel provision of research and development processes, the intensity and effectiveness of the innovation activities of the region. The "Rank" function in Microsoft Excel is selected as the main tool of quantitative evaluation. According to the results of the study of the preconditions for the implementation of a new instrument of regional governance for Ukraine, the conclusions have been made about the potential of Cherkasy region in the field of human resources and innovative activities of industrial enterprises. At the same time, scientific and educational spheres require substantial development, which could be an obstacle to the successful implementation of the concept of smart specialization in Cherkasy region.
ANALYSIS OF J. KEYNES'S CONTRIBUTION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMIC THEORY
Authors: Mann Ruslan , Ilchenko Natalia , Tychkova Natalia , Baranov Baranov
Published: June 2021

The article describes the educational and scientific university environment in which Keynes's talent was formed, as well as the Bloomsbury Circle of Intellectuals, in which Keynes occupied a prominent place. The formation of Keynes's specific approach to economic problems, which combine the analysis of real problems, theory and formulation of the practical proposals, is considered on the example of the early work of Keynes in the 1910s. The article argues that Keynesianism is the real engine of the modern economy. Keynes developed methods and apparatus by which the conceptual vision of economics is transformed into concrete representations of the economic theory. After a long journey, shown in his works ("General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money"), Keynes developed his vision of economic and social phenomena as an analytically functional analysis, and finally destroyed the logical capacity of people's faith in the ability of a free market economy to automatically maintain full employment, identified the possibility of influencing the regulation of money circulation on prices, exports, imports, production process and employment. Despite criticism of his theoretical evidence, even his opponents agreed that Keynes's ideas had been confirmed in practice. At the end of the article are the assessments of Keynes' research by authors and scientists with different views.
Az egészségműveltség definíciói
Authors: Csizmadia Péter
Published: June 2021

Az egészségműveltség azokkal a kompetenciákkal és tudással foglalkozik, amelyek ahhoz szükségesek, hogy egy személy megfeleljen az egészség által támasztott követelményeknek egy modern társadalomban. A fogalom fontossága fokozatosan került elismerésre, azonban még nincs egyetértés az egészségműveltség definíciójáról, amely behatárolja mérhetősége és összehasonlíthatósága esélyeit. A cikk célja röviden áttekinteni az egészségműveltséghez kapcsolódó definíciókat, és bemutatni az egészségműveltség integrált modelljét, amely alapként szolgálhat e terület fejlesztését célzó intervenciók számára.
A rákbetegség rejtett rizikófaktorai: a szegénység, a tudatlanság és a felelőtlenség
Authors: Simon Tamás
Published: June 2021

Ez a három régi és mai kockázat így nem nagyon került eddig együtt elemzésre. Számos hozzáállással pozitív irányba befolyásoló aktivitásra van már ma lehetőség, ezek negatív hatásai ellen - csak gondolkodni kell, csak következetesnek kell lenni és tudomásul kell venni, hogy ezek negatív hatásai ellen lehet és kell is következetesen az egyéneknek, a közösségeknek, az ellátó helyeknek, és a döntéshozóknak is: TENNI
Innovation as Miracle: High-Tech Industries – a Resource of Economic Growth
Authors: Lebedev A. E.
Published: June 2021

.
Features of democratic reforms in Jordan
Authors: Krilov A. V.
Published: June 2021

The article presents the analysis of the political, demographic and other aspects of the Palestinian community in Jordan, which has become a major factor in the Jordanian political life since the beginning of Arab-Israeli conflict and Israel’s occupation of the West Bank. The results of the research show that political and social-economic reforms of Jordanian King Abdullah II haven’t improve the status of the Palestinians, especially the status of the Palestinian refugee camps residents in Jordan. In contrast to the indigenous population (Bedouin population and some Caucuses or Circassian communities) they have no political representation, no access to power, no competitive education and business activity is under restrictions. Today the Palestinians and their descendants make up in Jordan at least two thirds of the population and most of them support the Hamas and other radical Islamic groups. Since the aftermath of the Black September Civil War (1970-1971) they continue to be the main factor that can destabilize the internal situation in the Hashemite Kingdom. Current unfavorable economic conditions and the extremely volatile situation on the borders of Jordan with Syria, Iraq and the area of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict are most likely to the growth of Islamist activity, including Islamic extremists calling for the overthrow of the Hashemite monarchy. In this context the possibility of mass anti-monarchy protests can’t be excluded. At the same time King Abdullah and his political proponents are well aware of this challenge and the dependence on the development of the situation in the Middle East, as well as financial and military support of powerful Western States and the Golf oil-producing monarchies. In seeking to preserve the existing status quo Jordanian authorities would deliberately put the country in a state of dependency on the political interests of the U.S. and Saudi Arabia, in return for all kinds of preferences, including military aid if a threat to the security of the Kingdom is expected.
Macroeconomic Policy Dilemma in an Open Economy
Authors: Kholopov A. V.
Published: June 2021

The article analyses the problems of macroeconomic policy implementation in an open economy with substantial external debt and current account deficit.
Abuse of the Rights of a Taxpayer: Comparative Law Aspect
Authors: Malinovsky A. A.
Published: June 2021

The term “misuse of the rights of a taxpayer” is analyzed in this article. Foreign law doctrines on misuse of the rights of a taxpayer are examined, foreign legislation and court practice.
Towards an understanding of mental representation
Authors: Lukjanchenko E. A.
Published: June 2021

The article deals with traditional ways of understanding human cognitive processes in terms of key ideas of philosophical, cultural, and linguistic sciences, as well as modern ideas concerning the nature of mental representation.