bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Al-Qaeda’s Strategic Gamble: The Sociology of Suicide Bombings in Iraq
Authors: Tosini Domenico
Published: November 2019

The article analyzes the suicide campaign conducted by the Iraqi insurgency since the 2003 US-led invasion. It offers a theoretical framework to identify the factors that explain why only certain armed organizations – in particular Al-Qaeda and its allies – have mounted a terrorist campaign and indiscriminately targeted civilians, in particular the Shiite population instead of the occupying forces, by perpetrating suicide attacks instead of using other tactics. This issue certainly requires identifying a complex set of preconditions for organizing a terrorist campaign, namely the Sunni extremists’ common capacity for exploiting contingent political and social opportunities after the overthrow of Saddam Hussein. However, in accounting for the specificities of Al-Qaeda’s suicide terrorism campaign this paper explores three crucial elements: the anti-systemic stand of Al-Qaeda and its allies with respect to the new political regime determined by the Anglo-American occupation; the highly asymmetric nature of the fighting between Al-Qaeda and the occupying forces, combined with Al-Qaeda’s vigilantism against the Shiites; and, finally, the efficacy of suicide attacks in terms of their military, emotional, and symbolic impacts.

Keywords: Asymmetric Warfare; Instrumental Rationality; Insurgency; Pan-Islamic Nationalism; Political Opportunities; Terrorism; Suicide Attacks; Vigilantism.
The Three Axes of Sociological Practice: The Case of French Quebec
Authors: Warren Jean-Philippe
Published: November 2019

Public sociology is all too often presented as the polar opposite of the detached, purely objective observation of society (Clawson et al., 2007). Such a portrayal is misleading, for it tends to give credence to the idea that academic sociology is torn between two extremes, the political and the empirical poles. In this article I will not contest this divide from within. I shall not, for instance, claim that sociology is inherently politicised, each epistemology necessarily proposing a different ontology (Blau and Smith, 2006). Considering the problem differently, and referring to a historical period spanning from the late 19th century to about 1980 (Fournier, 1986; Warren, 2003), I propose a three-faceted portrait of sociology. In my view, the discipline is structured around not two but three fundamental axes or dimensions: professional, descriptive, and political, embodying three essential aims. In turn, these constitute the respective roles it can play in academia and society depending on the specific publics it seeks to address. In his much debated ASA 2004 presidential speech, Burawoy (2005a) has claimed that public sociology should be defined by its audience, whether academic (professional, critical) or extra-academic (policy and public). Without directly challenging this view, I intend in this paper to illustrate how the scholar’s individual positioning offers a slightly different perception of public sociology than the discipline’s external dynamics.
Educational Homogamy of Married and Unmarried Couples in English and French Canada
Authors: Hamplova Dana , Le Bourdais Céline
Published: November 2019

This study investigates the relative similarity of educational assortative mating patterns among young married and cohabiting couples using Canadian census data from 1991, 1996, and 2001. It contrasts the patterns observed in Quebec with those observed elsewhere in Canada, as these regions display very different demographic trends, especially with respect to cohabitation. First, we hypothesize that the gap between married and unmarried couples will be smaller in Quebec, as cohabitation is more common in this province. Second, we suggest that the double-selection hypothesis predicting higher educational homogamy among married couples should be more appropriate to explain the behaviours observed in Canada outside of Quebec, whereas the utilitarian theory predicting higher educational homogamy among cohabiting couples should apply better to the French province situation. The results fully support our first hypothesis. However, the analyses do not unambiguously confirm our second hypothesis concerning the direction of the differences. Even though we find that married couples living outside of Quebec generally display higher levels of educational homogamy than cohabiting partners, no clear trend is observed in Quebec. In addition, our data do not reveal any clear change over the period considered.

Résumé. Cet article examine le degré d’homogamie éducative des jeunes couples mariés et en union libre à partir des données du recensement canadien de 2001. Il compare les comportements des couples québécois à ceux observés ailleurs au Canada, compte tenu de l’évolution différente qu’ont connue ces deux régions, particulièrement en regard des unions libres. Dans un premier temps, nous faisons l’hypothèse que l’écart entre couples mariés et cohabitants sera plus faible au Québec, l’union libre étant plus répandue dans cette province. En deuxième lieu, nous suggérons que l’hypothèse de la «double-sélection» prédisant un plus haut niveau d’homogamie éducative chez les couples mariés est plus appropriée pour rendre compte des comportements observés au Canada en dehors du Québec, alors que la théorie utilitariste prédisant une homogamie éducative plus grande parmi les couples en union libre colle davantage à la situation de la province francophone. Les résultats de l’analyse ne confirment pas nos hypothèses. L’écart qui sépare mariage et union libre est relativement semblable dans les deux régions du pays et les couples cohabitants affichent dans l’ensemble un niveau d’homogamie plus faible que leurs homologues mariés.
Correção do fator de potência através do uso de banco de capacitores para redução do valor da conta de energia elétrica
Authors: Ferreira José Valberto Costa , Machado Rebeca Catunda Pereira
Published: November 2019

O fator de potência pode ser determinado através da relação entre a potência ativa e a potência aparente e é um índice de fundamental importância, pois indica o quanto eficiente é uma instalação elétr
Das distâncias e do processo criativo
Authors: Gonçalves Rosimeire
Published: November 2019

Relato de pesquisa sobre a formação de professores de Teatro na Educação a Distância no qual reflito sobre as possibilidades da prática teatral de professoras e professores formados pelo curso da EaD/
Uji Akurasi Hasil Teknologi Pesawat Udara Tanpa Awak (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) Dalam Aplikasi Pemetaan Kebencanaan Kepesisiran
Authors: Meiarti Rini , Seto Toshikazu , Sartohadi Junun
Published: November 2019

Teknologi perolehan data spasial menggunakan sistem pesawat udara tanpa awak (UAV/Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) menjadi salah satu tekonologi pemotretan udara yang menghasilkan data spasial detil, namun penggunaannya untuk pemetaan khususnya pemetaan kebencanaan masih perlu dikaji lebih mendalam. Tujuan penelitian ialah untuk menguji ketelitian geometrik dan semantik Foto Udara Format Kecil (FUFK) dari teknologi UAV yang ke depannya data akan digunakan sebagai input pemetaan kebencanaan. Ketelitian geometrik (horizontal dan vertikal) diuji dengan membandingkan antara koordinat mosaik ortho dan Digital Terrain Model (DTM) terhadap pengukuran GNSS RTK. Data spasial yang dihasilkan dari teknologi UAV pada penelitian ini mempunyai ketelitian geometrik 0,649 m horizontal dan 1,494 m vertikal sehingga masih dapat digunakan untuk pemetaan skala besar 1:5.000 (Sutanto, 2013). Uji ketelitian semantik dengan nilai NIIRS level 6 menunjukkan bahwa FUFK hasil teknologi UAV ini mampu mempermudah interpretasi objek geografik.
Peremajaan Permukiman Kumuh Dengan Penerapan Konsep Ecovillage
Authors: Wibawa Wardana , Alwin Alwin
Published: November 2019

Permukiman kumuh merupakan salah satu masalah yang dapat timbul dalam suatu kota atau kabupaten. Desa Bojongsoang Kabupaten Bandung menjadi salah satu wilayah yang menghadapi masalah pertumbuhan permukiman kumuh. Faktor penyebab kumuhnya permukiman di Desa Bojongsoang yakni akibat aktifitas yang terlalu berlebihan, sehingga menyebabkan lingkungan hunian menjadi tidak sehat dan tidak nyaman untuk ditinggali. Adanya permasalah ini masyarakat berinisiatif melakukan program ecovillage sebagai solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menerapkan konsep ecovillage di Desa Bojongsoang Kabupaten Bandung. Konsep ecovillage adalah konsep penataan permukiman yang menggunakan prinsip berkelanjutan dengan mengedepankan aspek lingkungan dan berintegrasi dengan dimensi sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi literatur, studi banding, dan observasi objek. Analisis dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara melakukan perbandingan antara hasil observasi objek dengan studi literatur. Hasil yang dicapai  dalam penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa untuk mengatur kawasan permukiman kumuh dapat dilakukan dengan cara peremajaan permukiman, melalui penerapan lima konsep karakteristik ecovillage, sehingga diharapkan dapat menghasilkan permukiman yang bersifat berkelanjutan dan ekologis.
Perhitungan Luas Atap Untuk Analisis Daya Tampung Pengungsian Menggunakan SIG Di Kecamatan Jatiyoso Kabupaten Karanganyar
Authors: Yusrina Farida Nurul , Fahmi Linta Alfi , Jordan Edgar , Putri Deviana Kusuma , Yani Mul , Syahputra Alfi Okta
Published: November 2019

Karanganyar merupakan salah satu Kabupaten di Provinsi Jawa Tengah yang sering mengalami bencana longsor. Data yang diterbitkan oleh BPBD Karanganyar menyatakan bahwa selama tahun 2017 tercatat 80 kejadian bencana tanah longsor terjadi. Kecamatan Jatiyoso merupakan salah satu Kecamatan yang memiliki tingkat kerawanan longsor sedang hingga tinggi. Daya tampung pengungsian menjadi aspek penting yang harus diketahui dalam perencanaan lokasi pengungsian, berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari potensi daya tampung fasilitas umum untuk pengungsian yang ada di Kecamatan Jatiyoso. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode perhitungan luas atap bangunan dengan menggunakan Sistem informasi geografis. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh daya tampung fasilitas umum di Kecamatan Jatiyoso terdapat sebanyak 6.960 jiwa atau 16 % penduduk dapat tertampung di pengungsian sedangkan jumlah penduduk sebesar 36.465 jiwa, maka sebanyak 29.505 jiwa (84%) penduduk tidak tertampung. Daya tampung fasilitas pengungsian tidak dapat menampung keseluruhan penduduk yang terdampak bencana, karena jumlah shelter yang tidak sebanding dengan jumlah penduduk yang ada. Kurangnya daya tampung shelter untuk pengungsian seharusnya dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan pihak-pihak tertentu untuk lebih memperhatikan fasilitas-fasilitas sebagai tempat pengungsian.
Rancang Bangun Panel Photovoltaic dengan Automatic Sun Tracking System (ASTS) Untuk Mengoptimalan Serapan Energi Matahari
Authors: Belly Yan Dewantara  , Daeng Rahmatullah
Published: November 2019

Dewasa inipanel surya banyak digunakan sebagai pembangkit listrik mandiri, hal ini dapat kita lihat banyaknya pengaplikasian solar panel pada peralatan elektrik, seperti traffic light, penerangan umum dan lain-lain. Energi yang dihasilkan olehpanel surya dipengaruhi oleh sinar matahari yang diserap. umumnya solar panel diimplementasikan secara statis, ini menyebabkan daya serap energi matahari kurang maksimal pada pagi dan sore hari. Untuk memaksimalkan penyerapan sinar matahari, panel surya harus selalu menghadap tegak lurus terhadap posisi matahari. Sistem penjejak matahari otomatis diperlukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, sistem penjejak matahari ini menjadikan solar panel selalu tegak lurus menghadap matahari dan dapat mengikuti pergerakan matahari, sehingga serapan energi matahari lebih maksimal. Hasil dari pengujian menunjukkan penggunaan sistem tracking otomatis dapat membuat solar panel menyerap energi matahari lebih maksimal yang ditunjukkan dengan tegangan lebih stabil, dan daya lebih besar dibandng dengan solar panel statis. Sistem pelacak matahari ini mampu meningkatkan daya rata-rata hingga ±39-41 watt/hari dengan efisiensi penggunaan ASTS 81,66 % pada panel PV kapasitas 50 WP.
Monitoring Keamanan Rumah Terhadap Bahaya Kebakaran dan Untuk Efisiensi Biaya Berbasis SMS Gateway
Authors: Izza Anshory
Published: November 2019

Pada saat ini otomasi berperan banyak sekali digunakan dalam berbagai bidang yang bertujuan untuk mempermudah manusia dalam melakukan semua pe-kerjaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan sistem monitoring keamanan rumah otomatis yang berbasis SMS Gateway. Sistem Keamanan ini meng-gunakan mikrokontroler arduino sebagai pengendali utama yang berfungsi untuk memproses sinyal masukkan dari sensor cahaya, sensor api, dan sensor gas yang kemudian dijadikan sinyal keluaran dan dikirim menuju aktuator yang berupa relay. Perangkat yang berperan sebagai masukan pada sistem ini adalah 3 buah jenis sensor, yaitu sensor LDR sebagai masukan besaran intensitas cahaya, flame sensor sebagai masukan pendeteksi api, dan Sensor Gas MQ-2 yang berfungsi sebagai pendeteksi kebocoran gas. Program pada arduino difungsikan untuk melakukan konfigurasi dan inisisalisasi perangkat keras serta menerima sinyal masukan dari 3 sensor tersebut yang kemudian akan diproses dengan beberapa kondisi sampai menghasilkan keluaran yang diinginkan. Hasil pengujian sensor MQ-2 dan LDR menunjukkan data nilai dengan standar deviasi yang lumayan bagus dan hasil akhir penelitian ini adalah sistem keamanan rumah yang termonitoring melalui SMS Gateway dengan tingkat kecepatan pengiriman notifikasi bahaya yang cepat menggunakan provider Telkomsel.
Pengaruh Media Pick Me Terhadap Perkembangan Kecerdasan Verbal Linguistik Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Mufidati Nidia , Abidin Ratno , Sa'ida Naili
Published: November 2019

Media pick me merupakan hasil pengembangan dari media gambar seri yang dikemas menarik menggunakan benda-benda replika yang berada disekitar anak, sehingga media pick me merupakan suatu inovasi media pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media pick me dalam mengembangkan kecerdasan verbal linguistik (kemampuan bercerita), yang menjawab bagaimana pengaruh media pick me dalam mengembangkan kecerdasan verbal linguistik (kemampuan bercerita) sebagai rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini. Metodologi penelitian mengunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain one group pretest posttest karena hanya menggunakan satu kelas sebagai sampel penelitian dan adanya tahapan pretest, posttest sebagai proses pemerolehan data. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon yang memiliki kriteria jika Thitung<Ttabel maka Hα diterima. Hasil analisis data memperoleh nilai T hitung 0 dan nilai T tabel 40, karena 0<40 maka hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penggunaan media pick me terhadap perkembangan kecerdasan verbal linguistik (kemampuan bercerita).
Pengaruh Metode Proyek Terhadap Kemampuan Sosial Anak Kelompok A Di Ra Al Chusnaniyah Surabaya Tahun Ajaran 2017-2018
Authors: Dahlia Mira
Published: November 2019

Dampak Metode Proyek terhadap Kemampuan Sosial Siswa Grup A di RA AL Chusnaniyah Surabayain tahun akademik 2017-2018 adalah metode pembelajaran yang bertujuan untuk menerapkan kegiatan pengalaman belajar dengan mengkonfrontasi anak-anak pada masalah sehari-hari yang harus diselesaikan dalam kelompok. Tujuan penulisan untuk persyaratan kelulusan dalam program pendidikan guru, dan sebagai referensi guru PAUD dalam merancang kegiatan pembelajaran yang menarik serta mengembangkan keterampilan sosial anak usia dini. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif karena menguji teori yang berkaitan dengan masalah penelitian melalui kerangka berpikir yang dirumuskan dalam hipotesis penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik eksperimen, dengan melakukan uji beda dua kelas yang berbeda. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah, ada pengaruh yang lebih efektif untuk mengembangkan kemampuan sosial anak-anak di RA Al Chusnaniyah Surabaya dengan menggunakan metode proyek dalam pembelajaran di sekolah.
Pengaruh Metode Story Telling Terhadap Keterampilan Berbicara Pada Anak Kelompok A1 Tk Taman Ananda Surabaya
Authors: Yunita Norma
Published: November 2019

Keterampilan berbicara pada anak usia 4-5 tahun, pada umumnya anak akan mampu menjawab pertanyaan sederhana, menceritakan kembali isi cerita dan aktif bertanya. Hasil pengamatan pada anak kelompok A1 TK Taman Ananda Surabaya, ditemukan bahwa keterampilan berbicara pada anak kelompok A1 masih kurang dalam hal anak belum bisa menceritakan kembali isi cerita, anak masih belum bisa menjawab pertanyaan sederhana dan anak kurang aktif bertanya. Salah satu cara agar keterampilan berbicara anak meningkat adalah menggunakan metode story telling. Melalui metode story telling, anak mampu lebih aktif dalam bertanya, anak mampu menjawab pertanyaan dari guru dan anak mampu menceritakan kembali isi cerita. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan metode story telling terhadap keterampilan berbicara pada anak kelompok A1 TK Taman Ananda SurabayaPenelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif. Subyek dari penelitian ini berjumlah 19 anak yang terdiri dari 10 anak perempuan dan 9 anak laki-laki. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji wilcoxon matched pairs test. Hasil penelitian uji wilcoxon matched pairs test menunjukkan bahwa nilai THitung= 0 dan nilai signifikasi yang dipakai adalah 5% dan N= 19 maka diperoleh TTabel= 46 karena THitung< TTabel (0<46) maka Ha diterima, sehingga metode story telling berpengaruh terhadap keterampilan berbicara pada anak kelompok A1 TK Taman Ananda Surabaya
Pengaruh Permainan Ular Tangga Kata Besar Modifikasi Terhadap Kemampuan Membaca Anak Di Taman Kanak-Kanak Islam Khaira Ummah Padang
Authors: Putri Sri Nanda Amelia
Published: November 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh permainan ular tangga kata besar modifikasi terhadap kemampuan membaca anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan bentuk pendekatan quasy eksperimen. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan didapatkan hasil pada kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan permainan ular tangga kata besar modifikasi mendapatkan rata-rata nilai yang tinggi dimana dapat dibandingkan dengan nilai yang didapati oleh anak-anak yang berada di kelas kontrol yang menggunakan media papan  tulis. Rata-rata kelompok eksperimen adalah 79,16 dan kelompok kontrol dengan rata-rata 70,31. Dari hasil analisis data yang sudah dilakukan bahwa thitung > ttabel,  yaitu  (2,93046 > 2,07387). Maka dari itu dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa permainan ular tangga kata besar modifikasi berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan membaca anak  di Taman  Kanak-kanak  Islam Khaira Ummah  Padang.Kata Kunci : ular tangga kata besar modifikasi , kemampuan membaca anak
In memoriam of Andrey Velichko
Authors: Bogucki Andriy , Tomeniuk Olena
Published: November 2019

This article is dedicated to the memory of prominent scientist Andrey Velichko.
PENINGKATAN BERPIKIR INTUISI DAN PENALARAN MATEMATIS MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN INQUIRY BERBASIS OPEN-ENDED
Authors: Yuni Yatha , Darhim Darhim , Turmudi Turmudi
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis peningkatan kemampuan berpikir intuisi, dan penalaran matematis peserta didik yang mendapat pembelajaran Inquiry Berbasis Open-ended dan pembelajaran biasa. Peningkatan ditinjau secara keseluruhan dan berdasarkan kemampuan awal matematis (KAM tinggi, sedang, dan rendah). Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan non-equivalent pre-test and post-test control-group design. Subjek penelitian melibatkan 156 peserta didik kelas 7 Madrasah Tsanawiyah di Bekasi, terdiri dari dua kelas eksperimen dan dua kelas kontrol dipilih secara purposive. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan soal bentuk uraian untuk mengukur kemampuan intuisi dan penalaran matematis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Secara keseluruhan dan KAM, peningkatan kemampuan berpikir intuisi matematis peserta didik yang mendapat pembelajaran Inquiry Berbasis Open-ended lebih baik dari pembelajaran biasa. (2) Peningkatan kemampuan penalaran matematis pada KAM tinggi dan rendah, lebih baik pada kelas pembelajaran Inquiry Berbasis Open-ended dibandingkan kelas pembelajaran biasa. Namun secara keseluruhan dan KAM sedang, kelas pembelajaran Inquiry Berbasis Open-ended tidak lebih baik dibandingkan kelas pembelajaran biasa.Kata Kunci: Intuisi, Penalaran, Inquiry Berbasis Open-ended.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR REALISTIK PADA POKOK BAHASAN PERBANDINGAN UNTUK SISWA SMP KELAS VII
Authors: Rofiroh Rofiroh
Published: November 2019

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan bahan ajar dengan pendekatan realistik yang dapat digunakan secara mandiri oleh siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) yang meliputi studi pendahuluan, pengembangan draft, uji coba dan pengembangan produk akhir. Draft dikembangkan dengan cara desain produk, validasi desain, revisi desain, uji coba produk dan revisi produk. Draft divalidasi oleh dua ahli ahli pendidikan dan ahli matematika. Uji coba skala kecil dilakukan terhadap 8 orang siswa kelas VII dan kelas VIII siswa SMPN 4 Pandeglang. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari hasil uji coba skala kecil yaitu mendapat respon yang positif dari siswa dengan total persentase akhir angket sebesar 90%. Berdasarkan hasil validasi ahli dan uji coba terbatas didapatkan hasil bahwa bahan ajar dengan pendekatan realistik layak digunakan untuk membantu kegiatan belajar mengajar.Kata Kunci: Bahan Ajar, Perbandingan, Pendekatan Realistik.  AbstractThis study aims to produce teaching materials with a realistic approach that can be used independently by students. This study used the Research and Development (R & D) method which included preliminary studies, draft development, trials and final product development. The draft was developed by means of product design, design validation, design revision, product testing and product revision. The draft was validated by two experts in education and mathematicians. Small-scale trials were carried out on 8 students of 7th and 8th grade of SMP 4 Pandeglang. The conclusion obtained from the results of those trials shows that the approach gets positive responses from students with a final total percentage of 90% from the questionnaires. Based on the results of expert validation and limited trials, it has been found that teaching materials with realistic approaches are feasible to be used to assist teaching and learning activities.Keywords: Teaching Material, Comparison, Realistic Approach
Model Problem Based Learning Tipe CPS dan SSCS Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa
Authors: Apriyanti Apriyanti , Yuhana Yuyu , Fatah Abdul
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model pembelajaran mana yang lebih baik untuk meningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa, antara siswa yang menggunakan model problem based learning tipe CPS dan SSCS. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMAN 6 Pandeglang, sampel dipilih 2 kelas, dalam menentukan kelas eksperimen 1 dan 2 dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Tes berupa 5 soal uraian yang sesuai dengan indikator kemampuan berpikir krtis. Pretes dilakukan sebagai tes kemampuan awal sebelum perlakuan menggunakan model problem based learning tipe CPS dan SSCS. Postes dilakukan setelah diberikan perlakuan menggunakan model problem based learning tipe CPS dan SSCS. Hasil yang diperoleh setelah proses pembelajaran menggunakan model problem based learning tipe CPS dan SSCS dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir krtis siswa yang menggunakan model problem based learning tipe SSCS lebih baik dari pada kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa yangn menggunakan model problem based learning tipe CPS.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMBUKTIAN MATEMATIS PADA MATAKULIAH ANALISIS REAL BERDASARKAN ADVERSITY QUOTIENT
Authors: Kartika Era Dewi , Yazidah Nok Izatul
Published: November 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan pembuktian matematis pada matakuliah analisis real berdasarkan Adversity Quotient (AQ). Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 6 orang yang terdiri dari Quitter, Camper, dan Climber. Analisis data kualitatif terdiri dari (a) mengolah dan mempersiapkan data, (b) membaca keseluruhan data, (c) mengkoding data, serta (d) menarasikan deskripsi data yang dianalisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lebih dari 50% mahasiswa yang telah mengikuti matakuliah analisis real berada pada level Camper berdasarkan AQ. Mahasiswa Camper lebih mampu menyusun pembuktian langsung dibandingkan mahasiswa Quitter dan Climber. Mahasiswa pada ketiga level AQ belum mampu menyebutkan definisi bilangan rasional dengan benar dan lengkap. Masih terdapat mahasiswa yang menggunakan pengambilan contoh untuk pembuktian langsung.
Body temperatures, life history, and skeletal morphology in the nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus)
Authors: Knight Frank , Connor Cristin , Venkataramanan Ramji , Asher Robert J
Published: November 2019

The nine banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) is the only xenarthran mammal to have naturally expanded its range into the middle latitudes of the USA. It is not known to hibernate, but has been associated with unusually labile core body temperatures. Like some other xenarthrans (but unlike mammals in general), Dasypus also shows relatively frequent departures from species-typical thoracic and lumbar vertebral counts. If and how intrauterine temperature variation in xenarthrans might increase skeletal variation during development, and how xenarthran body temperature varies according to season, housing, and gestational status, are unknown. Here, we report temperatures recorded from 19 female armadillos over the course of three seasons (each for at least one month between November and July), tracking internal body temperatures recorded every 6 to 120 minutes. Average temperatures are similar regardless of housing inside or outside, gravid or nongravid. Nongravid individuals housed indoors show significantly higher daily fluctuations than other treatment groups, despite more stable ambient temperatures indoors than outdoors. Assuming that our estimates for implantation are accurate, gravid individuals show, on average, slightly lower daily fluctuations than nongravid, but the difference is not significant and some of our most extreme fluctuations (6-9C within 24 hours) took place in gravid animals. Compared to animals housed outdoors, lab-housed individuals less frequently exhibit body temperatures above their overall mean during typically dormant hours (e.g., afternoon), and body temperatures below their overall mean during typically active hours (e.g., early morning). Temperature periodicity as measured by discrete Fourier transforms shows strong 24 and 12 hour cycles in all individuals, reflecting circadian rhythms. CT scans of monozygotic quadruplets from dams with known body temperatures show a surprising range of phenotypic variation. While all offspring had seven cervicals, and most had ten thoracics, five lumbars, and three sacrals, three of twelve CT-scanned litters had nine rather than 10 thoracics and some offspring of one dam had two sacrals. Dams for two of these exhibited low average temperatures (<35C) early in their gestation. Two dams had offspring with a polymorphic axial skeleton, despite being genetically identical quadruplets. Our data demonstrate the thermal and phenotypic lability of D. novemcinctus but do not decisively link gestational temperatures with particular vertebral phenotypes.
More Grandma Identities
Authors: Jha Sumit Kumar
Published: November 2019

We prove some trigonometric identities as consequences of a general proposition.
Profil Literasi Saintifik Berdasarkan Ragam Kecerdasan dan Motivasi Belajar
Authors: Setiawan Adib Rifqi
Published: November 2019

Profil Literasi Saintifik Berdasarkan Ragam Kecerdasan dan Motivasi Belajar
Posición española en tecnologías de la IA | Spanish position in AI technologies
Authors: Lloret Egea Juan Antonio
Published: November 2019

The situation of Spain together with that of other surrounding countries has been analysed through different studies. A recent OECD report31 indicates that private equity investment in start-ups focused on AI in Spain between 2011 and mid 2018 is 3% of the total amount invested in start-ups based in the EU, well behind France (13%), Germany (14%) or the United Kingdom (55%). According to the study carried out by the consulting firm Roland Berger “Joining the dots- A map of Europe ́s AI Ecosystem”32, the four most important AI countries in Europe are the United Kingdom, France, Germany and Spain, which contribute 60% of start-ups, laboratories and communities33 of the 30 countries analysed (EU, plus Switzerland and Norway).Although the first three countries alternate in terms of the different measures used (for example, the United Kingdom clearly stands out in the number of start-ups and France in the number of laboratories), Spain ranks fourth, closely followed by countries classified in the group of emerging countries as the so-called “followers”. These data show that there is ample room for improvement with a better system of cooperation between agents and that the technological investment made so far in Spain is insufficient and that, in short, without solving these two aspects there will not be a favourable environment for AI technologies in our country. However, the situation in the EU is also not very encouraging when we observe that these EU investments account for 8% of global investment in 2017 (China and the US account for almost 85% of investment).Despite this, the European Commission's The European AI Landscape34 report gives evidence of Europe's leading role in being “at the forefront of AI and robotics, as evidenced by the excellent scientific position of European researchers, including several world experts in AI from Europe.”This European situation, characterized by insufficient public and private investment in a context of a global race to develop and incorporate AI technologies in the different areas of socio-economic impact, requires Spain to play a leading role, as is expected of our capabilities, with AI research groups of excellent international level, and where most universities already offer relevant engineering programs. University training in AI has some of the oldest and most consolidated postgraduate, masters and doctoral programs in Europe with more than 3 decades of history. According to RD 1393/200735 and RD 99/201136, which regulate official university and doctoral education, there are 11 current Master Courses and 2 doctoral programmes, although there are other official programs that include the study of AI in their curricula.
Driver Drowsiness Detection Using Matlab
Authors: Rajahrajasingh Hanojhan
Published: November 2019

When a driver doesn’t get proper rest, they fall asleep while driving and this leads to fatal accidents. This particular issue demands a solution in the form of a system that is capable of detecting drowsiness and to take necessary actions to avoid accidents.The detection is achieved with three main steps, it begins with face detection and facial feature detection using the famous Viola Jones algorithm followed by eye tracking. By the use of correlation coefficient template matching, the eyes are tracked. Whether the driver is awake or asleep is identified by matching the extracted eye image with the externally fed template (open eyes and closed eyes) based on eyes opening and eyes closing, blinking is recognized. If the driver falling asleep state remains above a specific time (the threshold time) the vehicles stops and an alarm is activated by the use of a specific microcontroller, in this prototype an Arduino is used.
Limits to the flexible re-distribution of visual working memory resources after encoding
Authors: Dube Blaire , Lockhart Holly A. , Rak Stephanie , Emrich Stephen , Al-Aidroos Naseem
Published: November 2019

Attention regulates visual working memory (VWM) performance by determining how its resources are distributed among encoded information. During encoding, this process is both flexible and strategic: Resources are unequally allocated to items based on the probability that each will be probed for memory recall. Here we assessed whether VWM resources can be strategically re-distributed among encoded items during maintenance. Across three experiments, participants encoded the colours of various shapes and were given information about the probability that each remembered item would be probed for recall via a retro-cue prompting the prioritization of two (E1 and E2) or one (E3) representation(s). We observe a reliable benefit of the retro-cues in all three experiments such that cued items were recalled with greater precision than non-cued items; however, we observed no evidence that the magnitude of this benefit was affected by the probability assigned to the cues when two items were prioritized, and only marginal evidence for an effect when a single item was prioritized. We argue that, although resources can be re-distributed post-encoding, the mechanism underlying this capability lacks the flexibility of that which underlies resource distribution during encoding, highlighting an important limitation in how attention regulates VWM performance.
Zemskii Sobor: Historiographies and Mythologies of a Russian “Parliament”
Authors: Sablin Ivan , Kukushkin Kuzma
Published: November 2019

Focusing on the term zemskii sobor, this study explored the historiographies of the early modern Russian assemblies, which the term denoted, as well as the autocratic and democratic mythologies connected to it. Historians have discussed whether the individual assemblies in the sixteenth and seventeenth century could be seen as a consistent institution, what constituencies were represented there, what role they played in the relations of the Tsar with his subjects, and if they were similar to the early modern assemblies elsewhere. The growing historiographic consensus does not see the early modern Russian assemblies as an institution. In the nineteenth–early twentieth century, history writing and myth-making integrated the zemskii sobor into the argumentations of both the opponents and the proponents of parliamentarism in Russia. The autocratic mythology, perpetuated by the Slavophiles in the second half of the nineteenth century, proved more coherent yet did not achieve the recognition from the Tsars. The democratic mythology was more heterogeneous and, despite occasionally fading to the background of the debates, lasted for some hundred years between the 1820s and the 1920s. Initially, the autocratic approach to the zemskii sobor was idealistic, but it became more practical at the summit of its popularity during the Revolution of 1905–1907, when the zemskii sobor was discussed by the government as a way to avoid bigger concessions. Regionalist approaches to Russia’s past and future became formative for the democratic mythology of the zemskii sobor, which persisted as part of the romantic nationalist imagery well into the Russian Civil War of 1918–1922. The zemskii sobor came to represent a Russian constituent assembly, destined to mend the post-imperial crisis. The two mythologies converged in the Priamur Zemskii Sobor, which assembled in Vladivostok in 1922 and became the first assembly to include the term into its official name.
Seismic Subsalt Imaging with Prestack Data Enhancement Methods
Authors: Dramsch Jesper Sören
Published: November 2019

The Levantine basin is a world class site to study the onsets of salt tectonics. A commercial data set will be processed in a conventional processing flow, as well as, several prestack data enhancement methods. These methods include partial Common Reflection Surface processing, Partial Time Migration and the application of a Differential Evolution CRS global search. The data set is masked by noise and multiples, which will be attenuated. The Kirchhoff migration from the conventional processing flow shows the best results and is compared to the commercial TGS time migration. The shallow subsalt has been imaged. The deeper sections did not provide enough seismic energy to gain any improvement from prestack data enhancement.
Echocardiographic assessment of Diastolic Function in patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Adhikaree Ajay , Malla Rabi , Sah Ram Kishor , Maskey Arun , Rajbhandari Sujeeb , Sharma Deewakar , Gautam Binayak , Najmy Shaneez
Published: November 2019

Background and Aims: Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular diastolic function in patients with atrial fibrillation is a challenge as loss of atrial kick (A wave), beat to beat variability and left atrium enlargement despite normal atrial pressure make usual guideline based estimation difficult and inaccurate. Hence adoption of additional echocardiography parameters are necessary which are tricky and have varied results. Hence the aim of this study was to study various aspects of diastolic function in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Methods: It was a hospital based prospective cross-sectional observational study conducted at cardiology unit, National Academy of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu and Shahid Gangalal National Heart Center, Kathmandu from 1st July 2018 to 30th June 2019.

Results: Total of 92 patients were studied. About one third (34.8%) had diastolic dysfunction. Ratio of E/e’(14.65 ± 2.21 Vs 7.66 ± 1.18) , E/Vp (1.57 ± 0.14 Vs 1.20 ± 0.11), isovolumetric relaxation time (53.06 ± 13.82ms Vs 89.33 ± 9.88ms) and deceleration time of pulmonary venous diastolic wave (203.09 ± 26.13ms Vs 292.25 ± 36.32ms) were significantly different in patients with diastolic dysfunction compared to patients without diastolic dysfunction with sensitivity of 90.6%, 84.4%, 81.2% and 78.1% respectively.

Conclusion: Diastolic dysfunction is a common entity in patients with atrial fibrillation. Echocardiography parameters like E/e’ ratio, isovolumetric relaxation time, E/Vp ratio and deceleration time of diastolic pulmonary wave were highly sensitive in detection of diastolic dysfunction.
Coronary Artery Disease prevalence in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Najmy Shaneez , Paudel Rajan , Adhikari Ajay , Manandhar Reeju , Adhikari Chandra Mani , Sah Ram Kishor , Malla Rabi , Maskey Arun , Sharma Deewakar , Rajbhandari Sujeeb
Published: November 2019

Background and Aims: Even though heart failure (HF) is a major global health problem, studies on the prevalence and etiology of HF in Nepal are scant. Coronary artery disease (CAD) has been reported to be the etiology in 18% of HF presentations to the emergency department of a tertiary cardiac center in Nepal1. Present study evaluated the prevalence and characteristics of CAD in HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) with coronary angiography (CAG).

Methods: In a prospective, observational study, conducted from June 2018 to May 2019, 95 patients with HFrEF undergoing CAG, at Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre, were evaluated.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 62.7±10.1 years, with 67% males. Obstructive CAD was present in 31(33%) with 48%, 39% and 13% having triple (TVD), single (SVD) and double vessel disease (DVD) respectively. Age ≥ 65 years, smokers, dyslipidemia, obesity, angina, indexed left ventricular end diastolic volume (iEDV), indexed LV systolic diameter (iLVIDs) and regional wall motion abnormality (RWMA) on echocardiography were predictors of CAD, among only which, smoking was the independent predictor of CAD.

Conclusion: Our results suggest a lower prevalence of CAD in HFrEF than previously reported from developed countries, which may be due to a systematic angiography approach and exclusion of previous coronary events. We encourage clinicians to aggressively identify this co-morbidity as it has important treatment and prognostic implementations.
Mortality patterns of adolescent and youth in SAARC countries: Findings from the global burden of disease
Authors: Sedain Bhagabati
Published: November 2019

Adolescence and youth are the healthiest period of life. Despite being a healthy period of life, the people of this age group also suffer significantly higher deaths and disease conditions. This paper analyzes level, trend of all causes mortality and causes of mortality among population aged 10-24 years. Datasets on population aged 10-24 years; number of deaths and cause-specific mortality were obtained from the Global Health Data Exchange platform (GHDx) of the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation. This paper utilized broad causes of mortality and the variables: number and death rates for the years 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015.

The estimated number of deaths for aged 10-24 years in SAARC countries is 640,000. About 80% of the deaths occurred in Afghanistan and India. Maldives has the lowest mortality rate. In Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan, the combination of injuries and non-communicable diseases are the major causes of deaths whereas in Afghanistan, Maldives and Sri Lanka, injuries. Majority of female population in all countries died from communicable, maternal, neonatal, causes. In addition to those causes, natural disaster, war also significantly attributed to adolescent and youth mortality in SAARC region. Overall SAARC region data shows that adolescent and youth death rate has declined between 2000 and 2015. There should be regional priorities for the prevention of adolescent and youth deaths recognizing these causes of deaths. Since these findings are based on GBD estimates, there is an urgent need for new evidence based research to examine the validity.
Comparative Study of Newar And Japanese Classifiers
Authors: Shrestha Arun
Published: November 2019

This paper compares and contrasts the numeral classifier systems of two genetically unrelated languages: Newar of Kathmandu and “Hyoujungo”, Japanese spoken in Tokyo, the defacto official language of Japan. It is not the case either in Newar or in Japanese that  nouns in general can be directly quantified by a number. For example, in Newar one cannot say*ni che two house ‘Two houses” for ‘two houses’. Rather, one must say ni-khache ‘two-CL house” Two houses” .The noun che ‘house’ requires that the numeral classifier -kha be affixed to numerals used for counting houses. One might say that che ‘house’ is not conceived of as a separate countable entity. Only when the unit -kha ‘CL’ is suffixed to the number do we have a countable entity. Numeral classifiers: The choice of noun determines the choice of classifier both in Newari and in Japanese. By looking at the nouns associated with a given classifier it is possible to identify the way in which a noun selects its classifier. In Newar there are three different ways in which nouns select their classifiers (1) according to semantic parameters (as when sentient nouns select the classifier -mha, (2) by unique lexical collocation (as when che ‘house’ selects -kha ‘CL’) and (3) by full or partial reduplication (as when ha: ‘leaf’ selects thehead noun ha: itself, where as salakhwa: ‘horse’s hoof’ selects -khwa:, only thelatter portion of the head noun (Hale 2005).These modes can be taken as the basis for a three-term typology of classifier selection: (1) semantic selection, (2) lexical selection, and (3)morphological selection. This paper provides a detailed comparison of  Newar and Japanese classifiers within each of these three types of selection. Though all three types are attested in each language, there are mutual counterparts and skewing between the two languages.
The Novel as Art: Perspectives From Bakhtin and Lawrence
Authors: Kafle Chiranjibi
Published: November 2019

Literary world continued to face a clash of opinion for long as to whether the popular genre, the novel, should be regarded as representing artistic literary heritage. As literary scholarship often traced a line separating poetic discourse from the novelistic discourse, readers as well as scholars were in a state of dilemma whether to recognize the novel as artistic genre. However, with authors like DH Lawrence and critics like Mikhail Bakhtin, the confusion no longer needs to hound us. This article is an attempt to see why and how the novelistic discourse is fit enough tobe considered artistic discourse and the novel an artistic genre of literature. As a methodology to look into the issue, scholarly perspectives forwarded by Mikhail Bakhtin and DH Lawrence have been taken into consideration. Bakhtin’s concept of ‘heteroglossia’ and Lawrence’s ‘wholeness of life’ have been adopted as the basic theoretical tool while the textual references are mainly based on their essays entitled “Discourse in the Novel” and “Why the Novel Matters,” respectively. The article concludes that Bakhtin's appreciation of novelistic discourse as something that enabled the "representation of heteroglossia…," and Lawrence's description of the novel as the “book of life” are both equally potent scholarly defenses establishing the novel as artistic genre.
Value Added Tax in Nepal: An Empirical Assessment
Authors: Shah R. K.
Published: November 2019

In developing economies, resource gap is critical and widening resulting tohuge fiscal and budgetary deficits. Therefore, revenue mobilization is challenging proposition in an economy like Nepal where majority of the people live in abject poverty. Tax administration lacks innovative mechanism to identify new tax payers and bring them into tax-net. Tax reform agenda was the reform package and program of the government after the restoration of multiparty democracy system. In Nepal, VAT was introduced in 1997 to improve revenue mobilization through broadening the tax base and modernizing the tax system. In this process, the government had to face new problems that came along with the adoption of VAT. Thus, the purpose of this study is to analyze the structure and responsiveness of VAT in Nepal empirically and compare it with that of old system of sales taxes. The old system of sales taxes refers to the combined sales, entertainment, contracts, hotels, and air flight taxes received by the government before 1997/98.
नेपालको महिला आन्दोलनको इतिहास र वर्तमान अवस्था Nepalko Mahila Andolanko Itihas ra Bartaman Awastha
Authors: ओझा Ojha मीना Mina
Published: November 2019

महिलाले आफ्नो पहिचान र अधिकारको खोजी गर्न पाउनु नैसर्गिक अधिकार हो ।आफ्नो अधिकारसँगै गाँसिएको मौलिकता र मौलिकताको खोजी गर्ने अधिकारको सदुपयोगगर्न पाउन अर्को महइभ्वपूर्ण पक्ष हो । नेपाली महिलाले पनि आफ्नो नामका अगाडि वीर,वीरङ्गाना र विदुषी विशेषण अङ्कित गराउन सफलता प्राप्त गरेको प्रसङ्ग महिलाआन्दोलनबाट भएको इतिहासमा गौरवमय अध्यायको रूपमा अङ्कित रहेको छ । महिलाआन्दोलनको इतिहासले राष्ट्रले, राष्ट्रियता, सामाजिक, आर्थिक, सांस्कृतिक आदि क्षेत्रमापु¥याएको योगदान महइभ्वपूर्ण मानिन्छ । खहरेको भेलमा एकै छिन उर्लिएर सुक्नुभन्दाविशाल सागरमा आफूलाई समाहित गर्नुको सार्थकता, औचित्य एवम् महइभ्व बेग्लै बन्दोछ । आशाका मधुरदीप जलाउँदै सम्भावनाका कठिन यात्रामा अगााडि हिँड्ने दमन रकुचेष्टाको जन्जिरलाई चुँडाल्दै अनन्त अधिकार र स्वतन्त्र विचार पोख्न कसैको आदेशलिइरहनु पर्दैन भन्ने अनुकरणीय उदाहरण बन्न सफल भएको छ नेपालको महिलाआन्दोलन । स्वतन्त्रता र समानता कुनै पनि मुलुकको उन्मुक्त यौवन हो र यसलाईविसङ्गगतिको पाङ्ग्रा बनाएर गुडाउने हो भने कहिल्यै उम्कन नसक्ने दलदलमा भासिन्छ ।नेपाली महिला आन्दोलन वर्तमान यगको जीवित उदाहरण हो । समय बदलिए पनि,राजनैतिक परिवर्तन भइरहे पनि वा सामाजिक मूल्य र मान्यता फेरिइरहे पनि नेपालीमहिलाहरूको यो आन्दोलन उल्लेख्य सहभागितामा चलि नै रहेको छ । यी सबैमामहिलाहरूकै उल्लेख्य सहभागिता देखिन्छ । यसबाट सिङ्गो नेपाली जनजीवनलाई विस्तारपूर्वकचियाउन सकिन्छ । विश्वको यस भूखण्डमा नेपाली महिलाको योगदान गर्वको विषय बनेकोछ । नेपालको पुरुषप्रधान समाजमा महिलाका हक–अधिकार घरभित्रै सीमित जस्तै पारिएकाछन् । विभिन्न आरोप लगाएर नारी अस्मितालाई धमिलो पार्ने दुस्साहस शिक्षित वर्गमा पनिप्रवृत्तिका रूपमा दिनपरदिन बढ्दो छ । हिंसा र विभेद अन्त्यका लागि शताब्दीयौँ अगाडिदेखिमहिलाले कुनै न कुनै माध्यमबाट आन्दोलन गर्दै आएका छन् । नेपालको महिला आन्दोलन,महिलाको रूपान्तरण, हक–अधिकार स्वतन्त्रता र सार्वभौमिकताको साथै राष्ट्रिय तथाअन्तर्राष्ट्रिय गतिविधिबाट प्रभावित तथा संस्थागत रूपमा आबद्ध छ । प्रस्तुत लेख यसैविषयहरूसँग सम्बन्धित रही तयार पार्ने प्रयत्न भएको छ ।