bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH VARIASI LATIHAN SERANGAN TERHADAP KETEPATAN TUSUKAN ATLET ANGGAR PROVINSI JAMBI
Authors: Rasyono Rasyono , Decheline Grafitte
Published: January 2020

Fencing is one sport that is competed to international events such as the World Championship to the Olympics. To improve the achievement of fencing athletes in Jambi Province who are still in the poor category, it is necessary to provide appropriate exercises and according to the needs of athletes. The problem in this study is whether there is an effect of attack training on the accuracy of the Jambi Province Fencing athlete puncture. The research method used was an experiment with the Pre test Post test design method. The sample in the study were 10 people. The results of the study are acceptable hypotheses, namely the effect of attack training on the accuracy of the fencing athlete puncture, with a significance of 5% and the results of the normality test are Lo <= Ltabel because Lo = 0,0009 and Ltabel = 0,220 then Ho is accepted. There is an increase of around 1.1% as a result of puncture accuracy from the results of the pre-test and post-test. Keywords: Fencing, Attack, Accuracy, puncture
INTENSITAS PENGGUNAAN GADGET DAN AKTIVITAS MOTORIK ANAK USIA 4-6 TAHUN DI KOTA PONTIANAK
Authors: Puspa Fitriana
Published: January 2020

Kemajuan teknologi diberbagai bidang menciptakan masalah perubahan pola interaksi anak-anak. Kegiatan anak usia dini mulai bergeser dari aktif menjadi pasif sehingga perlu dilakukan studi untuk mengetahui dampak teknologi media berbasis layar pada anak-anak. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi pola penggunaan gadget dan aktivitas motorik anak di Kota Pontianak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif (observasional) menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah para orangtua yang memiliki anak usia 4-6 tahun di kota Pontianak. Sajian data penelitian menggunakan rumus deskriptif presentasi yang dibantu oleh Microsoft Exel 2013. Hasilnya menunjukkan 36,8% anak-anak menggunakan gadget rutin setiap hari dengan intensiatas lebih dari 1 jam dan 63,2% anak-anak menggunakan gadget rutin setiap hari dengan intensitas kurang dari 1 jam. Berikutnya adalah pola penggunaan gadget dalam bentuk aktifitas ketika menggunakan gadget, atau 17,1% anak-anak menggunakan gadget rutin setiap hari dalam bentuk bermain games baik online maupun offline dan 82,9% anak-anak menggunakan gadget rutin setiap hari untuk menonton video di chanel youtube. Selanjutnya, hasil penelitian aktivitas motorik menunjukkan bahwa 54,8% anak-anak bermain tanpa gadget lebih dari 1 jam per hari. Kata kunci: Gadget, Aktivitas motorik, Anak usia dini
ANALISIS NILAI-NILAI DALAM ADAT PERNIKAHAN DI KECAMATAN TANJUNG BATU KABUPATEN OGAN ILIR
Authors: Restiani Tia , Chotimah Umi , Kurnisar Kurnisar
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai-nilai yang terdapat dalam adat pernikahan di Kecamatan Tanjung Batu Kabupaten Ogan Ilir, yang menjadi situasi sosialdalam penelitian ini ialah “nilai-nilai dalam adat pernikahan di Kecamatan Tanjung Batu Kabupaten Ogan Ilir” dengan rincian : Desa Tanjung Batu Kecamatan Tanjung Batu sebagai tempat yang diteliti, masyarakat yang berdomisili di Desa Tanjung Batu sebagai pelaku, dan sikap / kebiasaan masyarakat dalam adat pernikahan yang mengandung nilainilai sebagai aktivitas yang diteliti. Sampel diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik nonprobability sampling yang bersifat purposive dengan jumlah informan sebanyak duabelas orang yang terdiri dari masyarakat Desa Tanjung Batu. Uji keabsahan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji kredibilitas, uji transferabilitas, uji dependabilitas, dan uji konfirmabilitas. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dokumentasi, wawancara, dan observasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan serta verifikasi. Dari analisis data dokumentasi, wawancara, dan observasi dapat diketahui bahwa nilai-nilai dalam adat pernikahan di Kecamatan Tanjung Batu Desa Tanjung Batu yaitu nilai estetika, nilai sosial, serta nilai agama. Kata-kata kunci : Nilai-nilai, Adat Pernikahan, Desa Tanjung Batu
Menyandingkan Ajaran Islam dan Komunisme: Pemikiran Haji Misbach (1912-1926)
Authors: K Kuswono , Saputra Ketut Adi , Agustono Ragil
Published: January 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan pemikiran Haji Misbach mengenai Islam dan Komunis tahun 1912-1926. Metode Penelitian menggunakan penelitian historis dengan menganalisis sumber-sumber yang berkaitan dengan pemikiran Misbach.Misbach yang menyandingkan antara Komunisme dengan ajaran Islam berdampak pada munculnya gerakan anti kapitalisme, berbagai dukungan yang meluas untuk melawan kapitalisme, dan kemandirian rakyat bumiputra. Haji Misbach membuat hal baru dengan memunculkan suatu propaganda melalui media masa yang bersifat Komunisme Islam. Islam dengan Komunisme memiliki beberapa kesamaan salah satunya adalah bahwa keduanya sangat menentang penindasan dan keduanya juga memperjuangkan kebebasan. Atas dasar itulah Haji misbach memiliki spirit perjuangan untuk kebebasan hak-hak asasi kaum buruh berlandaskan Islam dan dengan alat Komunisme untuk melawan kapitalisme Belanda.
THE MARGINALIZATION OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN IN EAST KALIMANTAN COAL MINING INDUSTRY
Authors: Sagung Dyah A.N.A. Anak Agung , Dewi Elisabeth
Published: January 2020

This paper aimed to describe women and children marginalization in coal mining companies in East Kalimantan. Coal mining activities which is expected to support the national income of Indonesia, in fact, don�t give benefits to all parties, especially women and children. Local communities around the mining area are only obtained the environmental damage caused by the mining companies (in this case the mine excavation holes). This paper is expected to contribute in describing the impact of privatization by the government through ecofeminism lens.
RANCANGAN CATU DAYA UNTUK MEMPERBAIKI PENCAHAYAAN LAMPU LED SURFACE MOUNT DEVICE
Authors: Marisi Andrea , Rahardi Susanto Sigit
Published: January 2020

Lampu Light Emitting Diodes surface mount device (LED-smd) merupakan salah satu teknologi pencahayaan umum dengan efisiensi energi yang tinggi sebagai salah satu solusi terbatasnya ketersediaan energi listrik yang dapat diakses dan dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat. Untuk mendukung fungsi rangkaian LED, diperlukan rancangan catu daya untuk mendukung fungsi rangkaian LED yang telah didesain. Telah dibuat rancangan catu daya lampu LED-smd dengan pengendali arus listrik konverter Buck. Rancangan catu daya lampu LED-smd ini dapat menjadi panduan atau resep (prescription) bagi industri lampu LED  Indonesia dalam inovasi produknya.Kata kunci: catu daya, lampu LED-smd, konverter buck, desain, panduan
PENINGKATAN KUALITAS SAMBUNGAN LAS PEDAL REM MENGGUNAKAN PROSES GMAW
Authors: Surasno Surasno
Published: January 2020

Sambungan komponen pedal rem  yang dilas menggunakan proses GMAW gas pelindung CO2100% mengandung cacat-cacat las spatter, weld-bead ripple, undercut dan porositas pada batas level 8,2%, dengan mengganti proses GMAW gas campuran pelindung Ar75% CO225%, cacat las berkurang hingga batas level 0,88% didominasi oleh spatters sedangkan cacat-cacat las lainnya hampir tidak ada. Pengamatan khususnya cacat las spatter penggunaan gas pelindung CO2100% menunjukkan  pada batas level 2,77%, dengan mengganti proses GMAW gas campuran pelindung Ar 75% CO225% cacat las spatters menurun hingga ke batas level 1,11%, oleh karena itu metoda penggantian gas pelindung pada proses GMAW terjadi perbaikan kualitas sambungan las pedal rem hingga 150%. Hal ini akan berdampak terhadap peningkatan daya saing industri komponen pedal rem kendaraan bermotor roda dua.Kata kunci: pedal rem, spatter,  process las GMAW,  gas pelindung CO2, gas campuran pelindung Ar75%CO225%
REKAYASA ULANG DONGKRAK REL KERETA API KAPASITAS 10 TON
Authors: Surasno Surasno , Tjahjohartoto Budi
Published: January 2020

Dongkrak rel mekanik dengan daya angkat 10 ton dan tinggi ungkit 5–10 cm yang digunakan oleh PT. KAI life time-nya relatif pendek dan cepat rusak. Dari failure analysis yang telah dilakukan terhadap dongkrak yang rusak,menunjukkan bahwa rusak atau tidak berfungsinya dongkrak rel disebabkan oleh patah (gompal) pada rack gear pengangkat yang diawali korosi pada rangka bagian dalam, bushing, rack gear pengangkat, poros pinion, dan spline utama. Komponen ini menipis, bidang kontak gigi menjadi longgar dan menerima beban dinamik siklik sehingga terjadilah patah. Untuk meningkatkan kualitas dongkrak rel telah dilakukan rekayasa ulang dengan mengganti spesifikasi bahan komponen terutama yang mempunyai bidang kontak seperti rack gear pengangkat, roda gigi, poros pinion, spline utama, bushing dan tumpuan. Bahan logam baja untuk komponen dongkrak rel dipilih dari baja perkakas AISI 4043 (DIN 1.6511-34NiCrMo6), DIN 1.2510 (100MnCrW4) dan baja karbon umum (St. 37 dan St. 42) dengan heat treatment yang tepat. Selanjutnya dilakukan modifikasi desain sudut rack gear pengangkat dari 5 derajat menjadi 20 derajat. Hasil uji tekan beban 5 dan 10 ton menunjukkan hasil yang baik, tidak terjadi perubahan bentuk dan memenuhi persyaratan teknis PT. KAI. Kata kunci: dongkrak rel, analisis kegagalan, rekayasa ulang, sudut rack gear, heat treatment
Interactions Between Digital Noise Reduction and Reverberation: Acoustic and Behavioral Effects
Authors: Reinhart Paul , Zahorik Pavel , Souza Pamela
Published: January 2020

Background:Digital noise reduction (DNR) processing is used in hearing aids to enhance perception in noise by classifying and suppressing the noise acoustics. However, the efficacy of DNR processing is not known under reverberant conditions where the speech-in-noise acoustics
are further degraded by reverberation.Purpose:The purpose of this study was to investigate acoustic and perceptual effects of DNR processing across a range of reverberant conditions for individuals with hearing impairment.Research Design:This study used an experimental design
to investigate the effects of varying reverberation on speech-in-noise processed with DNR.Study Sample:Twenty-six listeners with mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing impairment participated in the study.Data Collection and Analysis:Speech stimuli were combined with unmodulated
broadband noise at several signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). A range of reverberant conditions with realistic parameters were simulated, as well as an anechoic control condition without reverberation. Reverberant speech-in-noise signals were processed using a spectral subtraction DNR simulation.
Signals were acoustically analyzed using a phase inversion technique to quantify improvement in SNR as a result of DNR processing. Sentence intelligibility and subjective ratings of listening effort, speech naturalness, and background noise comfort were examined with and without DNR processing
across the conditions.Results:Improvement in SNR was greatest in the anechoic control condition and decreased as the ratio of direct to reverberant energy decreased. There was no significant effect of DNR processing on speech intelligibility in the anechoic control condition, but there
was a significant decrease in speech intelligibility with DNR processing in all of the reverberant conditions. Subjectively, listeners reported greater listening effort and lower speech naturalness with DNR processing in some of the reverberant conditions. Listeners reported higher background
noise comfort with DNR processing only in the anechoic control condition.Conclusions:Results suggest that reverberation affects DNR processing using a spectral subtraction algorithm in such a way that decreases the ability of DNR to reduce noise without distorting the speech acoustics.
Overall, DNR processing may be most beneficial in environments with little reverberation and that the use of DNR processing in highly reverberant environments may actually produce adverse perceptual effects. Further research is warranted using commercial hearing aids in realistic reverberant
environments.
Skill Transference of a Probe-Tube Placement Training Simulator
Authors: Koch Robert W. , Saleh Hasan , Folkeard Paula , Moodie Sheila , Janeteas Conner , Agrawal Sumit K. , Ladak Hanif M. , Scollie Susan
Published: January 2020

Background:Probe-tube placement is a necessary step in hearing aid verification which needs ample hands-on experience and confidence before performing in clinic. To improve the methods of training in probe-tube placement, a manikin-based training simulator was developed consisting
of a 3D-printed head, a flexible silicone ear, and a mounted optical tracking system. The system is designed to provide feedback to the user on the depth and orientation of the probe tube, and the time required to finish the task. Although a previous validation study was performed to determine
its realism and teachability with experts, further validation is required before implementation into educational settings.Purpose:This study aimed to examine the skill transference of a newly updated probe-tube placement training simulator to determine if skills learned on this simulator
successfully translate to clinical scenarios.Research Design:All participants underwent a pretest in which they were evaluated while performing a probe-tube placement and real-ear-to-coupler difference (RECD) measurement on a volunteer. Participants were randomized into one of two groups:
the simulator group or the control group. During a two-week training period, all participants practiced their probe-tube placement according to their randomly assigned group. After two weeks, each participant completed a probe-tube placement on the same volunteer as a posttest scenario.Study
Sample:Twenty-five novice graduate-level student clinicians.Data Collection and Analysis:Participants completed a self-efficacy questionnaire and an expert observer completed a questionnaire evaluating each participant’s performance during the pre- and posttest sessions. RECD
measurements were taken after placing the probe tube and foam tip in the volunteer’s ear. Questionnaire results were analyzed through nonparametric t-tests and analysis of variance, whereas RECD results were analyzed using a nonlinear mixed model method.Results:Results
suggested students in the simulator group were less likely to contact the tympanic membrane when placing a probe tube, appeared more confident, and had better use of the occluding foam tip, resulting in more improved RECD measurements.Conclusions:The improved outcomes for trainees in
the simulator group suggest that supplementing traditional training with the simulator provides useful benefits for the trainees, thereby encouraging its usage and implementation in educational settings.
Can the Lateralized Readiness Potential Detect Suppressed Manual Responses to Pure Tones?
Authors: Morris David Jackson , Brännström K. Jonas , Sabourin Catherine
Published: January 2020

Background:Willfully not responding to auditory stimuli hampers accurate behavioral measurements. An objective measure of covert manual suppression recorded during response tasks may be useful to assess the veracity of responses to stimuli.Purpose:To investigate whether
the lateralized readiness potential (LRP), an electrophysiological measure of corticomotor response and suppression, may be of use in determining when participants hear but do not respond to pure tones.Research Design:Within-subject repeated measures with a Go‐NoGo paradigm.Study
Sample:Five males and five females (mean age = 38.8 years, standard deviation = 8.8) underwent electrophysiology testing. All had normal hearing, except one.Intervention:Participants were tested in a condition where they consistently responded to tonal stimuli, and in a condition
where intensity cued whether they should respond or not. Scalp-recorded cortical potentials and behavioral responses were recorded, along with a question that probed the perceived effort required to suppress responses to the stimuli.Data Collection and Analysis:Electrophysiology data
were processed with independent component analysis and epoch-based artifact rejection. Averaged group and individual LRPs were calculated.Results:Group averaged waveforms show that suppressed responses, cued by NoGo stimuli, diverge positively at approximately 300 msec poststimulus,
when compared with performed (Go) responses. LRPs were comparable when Go responses were recorded in a separate condition in which participants responded to all stimuli, and when Go and NoGo trials were included in the same condition. The LRP was not observed in one participant.Conclusions:Subsequent
to further investigation, the LRP may prove suitable in assessing the suppression of responses to audiometric stimuli, and, thereby, useful in cases where functional hearing loss is suspected.
Symptoms, Audiometric and Vestibular Laboratory Findings, and Imaging in a Concurrent Superior Canal Dehiscence Syndrome and Vestibular Schwannoma: A Case Report
Authors: Garrison Doug , Barth Laura , Kaylie David , Riska Kristal
Published: January 2020

Background:Dizziness is a common complaint that can arise from multiple systems in the body. Objective vestibular tests are used to understand the underlying function of the vestibular system and whether or not it may be contributing to the dizziness symptoms experienced by the
patient. Even when comprehensive case history is consistent with an otologic etiology, audiometric and vestibular tests are ordered to objectively characterize inner ear function to help further refine the differential diagnoses and aid in guiding treatment options. Few reports in the literature
describe audiometric and vestibular results in patients with multiple concurrent otologic etiologies.Purpose:This case provides a description of audiometric, vestibular, and imaging results in a case of concurrent bilateral superior canal dehiscence, right-sided vestibular schwannoma,
and right-sided posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. The patient’s symptoms and laboratory findings are described in detail and, where appropriate, highlight challenges that may arise in interpretation.Research Design:A case report.Results:The patient presented
for evaluation of dizziness, asymmetric hearing loss, and autophony. Comprehensive audiometric evaluation shows asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss and an air-bone gap at 250 Hz in the right ear. Vestibular evaluation shows right caloric asymmetry along with abnormal cervical vestibular‐
and ocular vestibular‐evoked myogenic potentials, with the left ear showing results consistent with the third-window pathology.Conclusions:Comprehensive assessment of symptoms and critical thinking while performing testing are necessary when examining multiple concurrent otologic
etiologies in a patient. Knowledge of anticipated test results and physiology may help the audiologist to synthesize results and make appropriate clinical recommendations as part of the multidisciplinary team.
Paprastosios pušies (Pinus Sylvestris L.) kankorėžių taikymo paviršinių nuotekų valymui tyrimai ir vertinimas
Authors: Olčauskaitė Gabija , Marčiulaitienė Eglė , Titova Jelena
Published: January 2020

Paviršinių nuotekų surinkimas ir valymas yra būtinas ir reikšmingas siekiant išlaikyti gerą paviršinių vandenis telkinių ekologinę būklę. Sunkieji metalai, patekę į vandens telkinius, akumuliuojasi vandens gyvūnuose ir augaluose. Padidėjęs biogeninių medžiagų kiekis paviršinuose vandenyse gali sukelti eutrofikaciją. Paviršinių nuotekų teršalų visiškam pašalinimui neužtenka įprastų valymo įrenginių, kuriuose teršalai šalinami taikant sedimentacijos, mechaninio filtravimo ir biologinio valymo procesus. Vienas iš papildomų teršalų šalinimo būdų – adsorbentų naudojimas, todėl ieškoma alternatyvių sorbentų, kiurie turėtų gerą adsorbcijos gebą, būtų lengvai prieinami ir pigūs. Šio darbo tikslas – ištirti ir įvertinti paprastosios pušies (Pinus Sylvestris L.) kankorėžių taikymo galimybes vario, cinko jonų ir azoto pašalinimui iš paviršinių nuotekų. Nustatyta, kad pušų kankorėžiai pasižymi ypač geromis vario ir cinko jonų adsorbcijos savybėmis iš vandeninių tirpalų, kai metalo koncentracija – 1 mg/l, biosorbento koncentracija – 10 g/l ir kontakto laikas – 60 min., Zn didžiausias pašalinimo efektyvumas siekia 95 %, o Cu – 96 %. Azoto pašalinimo efektyvumas – 8 %, tačiau chemiškai modifikuoti NaOH tirpalu pušų kankorėžiai pasižymi žymiai geresniu sorbcijos efektyvumu, negu natūralūs. Bendrojo azoto pašalinimo efektyvumas 5–2,5 mm ir 2,5–1 mm frakcijos sorbentuose padidėjo apie 6 kartus, o <1 mm – net 30 kartų.
Maisto atliekų aerobinio fermentavimo panaudojant bakterijas (Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus salivarius, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) ir juodosios plokščiamusės (Hermetia illucens) lervas tyrimas
Authors: Šarmaitytė Luka , Zigmontienė Aušra , Tracevičius Domantas
Published: January 2020

Lietuvoje kasmet susidaro daugiau kaip 100 tūkst. tonų maisto atliekų, kurių didžioji dalis patenka į sąvartynus – labiausiai vengtinus atliekų tvarkymo įrenginius. ES šalyse pramonėje ir individualiuose namuose siekiama įdiegti žiedinės ekonomikos standartus atitinkančias kompostavimo technologijas. Viena iš jų – aerobinė fermentacija mikroorganizmais. Tyrimų tikslas – įvertinti trijų bakterijų rūšių įtaką juodosios plokščiamusės lervų prieaugiui aerobiškai fermentuojant augalinės kilmės maisto atliekas. Tyrimo objektai – Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus salivarius, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens bakterijos, Hermetia illucens lervos ir augalinės kilmės maisto atliekos. Eksperimentiniai tyrimai atlikti VGTU Aplinkos apsaugos ir vandens inžinerijos katedros laboratorijose naudojant termostatą, kai fermentacijos trukmė – 7 paros. Tyrimai parodė, kad Bacillus amyloliquefaciens yra tinkamiausia bakterija atlikti augalinės kilmės maisto atliekų aerobinę fermentaciją, nes išgyveno 96,0 vnt. lervų, kurių prieaugis siekė 2,422 g. Mėginiai su Lactobacillus salivarius bakterija parodė prasčiausius rezultatus: vidutiniškai išgyveno 95,7 vnt. lervų, kurių prieaugis buvo 1,599 g. Drėgmės tyrimas parodė, kad lervų išgyvenamumas yra geresnis mažesnės drėgmės terpės mėginiuose (59,29 % – 487 vnt.).
Biologiškai skaidžių atliekų tvarkymas kuriant žiedinę bioekonomiką
Authors: Tumaševičiūtė Rasa , Ignatavičius Gytautas
Published: January 2020

Pastaraisiais metais biologiškai skaidžios atliekos įgauna vis didesnę reikšmę, nes yra vis plačiau naudojamos kaip tvari alternatyva naftos pagrindo produktams ir didelės vertės bioproduktams gaminti. Didžioji dalis pakopinių bioatliekų perdirbimo gamyklų (biorefineries) kaip žaliavą naudoja homogeninius srautus iš žemės ūkio, maisto perdirbimo įmonių ir (ar) nuotekų valymo įrenginių. Straipsnyje yra pristatoma biologiškai skaidžių atliekų, esančių komunalinių atliekų sraute (toliau – BAKAS), panaudojimo bioatliekų perdirbimo gamyklose situacija. Išanalizuoti tyrimai, kuriuose kaip žaliava naudojama komunalinių atliekų biologiškai skaidi (organinė) frakcija, iš kurios gaminami aukštos vertės bioproduktai – fermentai, bioplastikai ar biopesticidai. Nustatytiems tyrimams įvertintos produktų rinkos galimybės ir nustatyti didžiausią ekonominį potencialią turintys aukštos vertės bioproduktai. Pakopinės bioatliekų perdirbimo gamyklos, kurios naudoja komunalinių atliekų biologiškai skaidžią frakciją yra perspektyvus atliekų tvarkymo sprendimas, kuris suteikia galimybę išvystyti žiedinę bioekonomiką ir išspręsti atliekų tvarkymo problemas.
Kietųjų dalelių Vilniaus miesto viešojo transporto stotelėse tyrimas ir vertinimas
Authors: Sokolovskaja Julija , Pranskevičius Mantas
Published: January 2020

Straipsnyje atliekama Vilniaus miesto viešojo transporto stotelių užterštumo kietosiomis dalelėmis analizė ir jos įvertinimas. Nagrinėjamas autotransporto sukeliamų kietųjų dalelių poveikis aplinkai ir žmogui, taip pat kietųjų dalelių savybės bei charakteristikos. Eksperimentiniai tyrimai atlikti matuojant kietųjų dalelių taršą Vilniaus miesto viešojo transporto stotelėse, naudojant indikatorinį matavimo metodą. Tiriamasis viešojo transporto stotelių tinklas parinktas atliekant atranką pagal miesto gyventojų tankumą ir išsidėstymą, oro taršą kietosiomis dalelėmis bei didžiausius viešojo transporto keleivių srautus. Įrenginio veikimo principas pagrįstas optiniu metodu. Atliktas matavimo įrenginio palyginamasis tyrimas su pamatiniu gravimetriniu ore skendinčių kietųjų dalelių matavimo metodu, gauti rezultatai palygti tarpusavyje, įvertintas tikslumas. Išnagrinėjus kietųjų dalelių taršos eksperimentinius tyrimus, pateikti rezultatai, įvertinta jų ir Europos Sąjungos (ES) bei Pasaulinės sveikatos organizacijos (PSO) ribinių verčių atitiktis, pateiktos išvados ir rekomendacijos visuomenės sveikatos apsaugai.
Granuliuotų medžiagų garso sugerties prognozavimas ir vertinimas
Authors: Astrauskas Tomas , Grubliauskas Raimondas
Published: January 2020

Popieriaus gamybos dumblas – tai popieriaus pramonės įmonėse susidarančios nuotekų valymo atliekos. Šioms atliekoms tvarkyti skiriama vis daugiau dėmesio, todėl mokslininkai ieško būdų, kaip efektyviau galima būtų jas panaudoti. Kuriant naujas ir tobulinant esamas garsą sugeriančias medžiagas, yra nuolat vykdomi moksliniai tyrimai. Šiomis dienomis ypač kreipiamas dėmesys į natūralias ar pakartotinai naudotinas medžiagas, kurios galėtų būti modifikuotos kaip garsą sugeriančios medžiagos. Viena iš porėtų medžiagų rūšių yra granuliuotos medžiagos. Granuliuotų porėtų medžiagų garso sugerties (α) prognozavimas atliekamas fizikiniais skaitiniais Horoshenkov ir Swift, Champoux-Allard modeliais. Šiems modeliams reikalingi eksperimentinių orinės varžos tyrimų rezultatai. Šiame darbe atliktas trijų skirtingų granuliuotų medžiagų: deginto molio, popieriaus gamybos dumblo ir gumos granulių orinės varžos palyginimas, esant vienodam granulių dalelių dydžiui. Gauti duomenys rodo, kad didžiausia orinė varža, palyginti su kitomis tirtosiomis medžiagomis, yra popieriaus gamybos dumble (4,1 K Pa s/m2). Tokių medžiagų garso sugerties koeficientas α esant 10 cm storio mėginiui siekia 0,57–0,82.
Polipropileno naftos produktų įgerties tyrimas ir vertinimas
Authors: Aleknaitė Jurgita , Paliulis Dainius
Published: January 2020

Augant industrializacijai ir didėjant energijos poreikiams, vandens ir dirvožemio tarša, atsiradusi dėl ats- itiktinio nuotėkio arba lėtinio žalios naftos arba jos produktų išleidimo į aplinką, tampa vis didesnė problema. Plačiai paplitęs naftos produktų išsiliejimas ir nuotėkis iš požeminių talpyklų, naftos gręžinių išmontavimas, apleistos naftos perdirbimo įmonės užteršia dirvožemį, taip pat požeminį ir paviršinį vandenį. Daugelis naftos žaliavos sudedamųjų dalių yra nepalankios ir labai toksiškos dėl toksinių, kancerogeninių ir teratogeninių komponentų, pvz., benzeno, tolueno, etil- benzeno, ksileno ir policiklinių aromatinių angliavandenilių buvimo. Naftos produktų šalinimui iš vandens arba dirvožemio taikomi įvairūs biologiniai (bioremediacija, biodegradacija) metodai, tačiau angliavandenilių atsparumas mikroorganizmų skilimui, atsižvelgiant į aromatinių žiedų tipą, molekulinę masę ir skaičių, dirvožemyje arba vandenyje linkęs didėti.Šiame straipsnyje siūlomas fizikinis-cheminis naftos produktų, naudojant polimerinį sorbentą – polipro- pileną, šalinimo iš vandens metodas – sorbcija. Vandens įgerties tyrimo metu gauta, kad polipropilenas vandens gali įger- ti tik 2/3 savo masės, todėl dėl jo hidrofobiškumo sorbentą galima pritaikyti vandeniui, užterštam naftos produktais, valyti. Naftos produktų įgerties tyrimo metu gauta, kad polipropilenas gali įgerti 5 kartus daugiau dyzelino nei jo paties masė, panaudojama labai užterštoms ir didelio debito paviršinėms nuotekoms valyti ar esant staigiam išsipylimui, kad naftos produktai nepatektų į paviršinius vandens telkinius. Ištyrus šias savybes, atliktas naftos produktų šalinimo iš van- dens eksperimentinis tyrimas sorbcinės kolonėlės principu, naudojant dyzelinu („Neste“ Pro diesel, ρ = 0,72 g/cm3) užterštą vandenį. Nustatytas naftos produktų šalinimo, priklausomai nuo skirtingų pradinių koncentracijų, efektyvumas, kuris yra 60–88 %, taip pat įvertinta polipropileno modifikavimo galimybė, siekiant padidinti jo hidrofobiškumą.
SOFIA/HAWC+ Traces the Magnetic Fields in NGC 1068
Authors: Lopez-Rodriguez Enrique , Dowell C. Darren , Jones Terry J. , Harper Doyal A. , Berthoud Marc , Chuss David , Dale Daniel A. , Guerra Jordan A. , Hamilton Ryan T. , Looney Leslie W. , Michail Joseph M. , Nikutta Robert , Novak Giles , Santos Fabio P. , Sheth Kartik , Siah Javad , Staguhn Johannes , Stephens Ian W. , Tassis Konstantinos , Trinh Christopher Q. , Ward-Thompson Derek , Werner Michael , Wollack Edward J. , Zweibel Ellen G. ,   (HAWC+Science Team)
Published: January 2020

We report the first detection of galactic spiral structure by means of thermal emission from magnetically aligned dust grains. Our 89 μm polarimetric imaging of NGC 1068 with the High-resolution Airborne Wideband Camera/Polarimeter (HAWC+) on NASAs Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) also sheds light on magnetic field structure in the vicinity of the galaxy's inner-bar and active galactic nucleus (AGN). We find correlations between the 89 μm magnetic field vectors and other tracers of spiral arms, and a symmetric polarization pattern as a function of the azimuthal angle arising from the projection and inclination of the disk field component in the plane of the sky. The observations can be fit with a logarithmic spiral model with pitch angle of

and a disk inclination of 48° ± 2°. We infer that the bulk of the interstellar medium from which the polarized dust emission originates is threaded by a magnetic field that closely follows the spiral arms. Inside the central starburst disk (<1.6 kpc), the degree of polarization is found to be lower than for far-infrared sources in the Milky Way, and has minima at the locations of most intense star formation near the outer ends of the inner-bar. Inside the starburst ring, the field direction deviates from the model, becoming more radial along the leading edges of the inner-bar. The polarized flux and dust temperature peak ∼3″–6″ NE of the AGN at the location of a bow shock between the AGN outflow and the surrounding interstellar medium, but the AGN itself is weakly polarized (<1%) at both 53 and 89 μm.
2. Les monnaies digitales, un nouvel univers ?
Authors: Pfister Christian
Published: January 2020

Cet article s’interroge sur la capacité des monnaies digitales à fournir une alternative aux moyens de paiement existants. Dans ce but, il en présente les principaux mécanismes, les usages, les risques et les limites. Ces risques militent pour la mise en place d’un cadre réglementaire minimal tandis que les limites posent la question de l’émission d’une monnaie digitale de banque centrale.
6. Qui bénéficie de la croissance mondiale ?
Authors: Blanchet Thomas
Published: January 2020

Depuis les années 1980, la distribution globale des revenus a connu une transformation très particulière. La croissance mondiale a eu un effet ambigu sur les inégalités, ayant principalement profité à la fois à une élite mondiale et aux individus pauvres dans certains pays émergents. La hausse des inégalités à l’intérieur des pays a été compensée par une baisse des inégalités entre les pays depuis les années 2000, mais cette dernière tendance égalisatrice a de plus en plus de mal à contrecarrer la hausse des inégalités au sein des pays.
7. Le partage de la valeur ajoutée n’a pas encore dévoilé tous ses mystères
Authors: Piton Sophie
Published: January 2020

Cet article propose un état des lieux des débats académiques sur les grandes tendances et déterminants de long terme de la répartition de la valeur ajoutée. Afin d’étudier la part du travail et son évolution, il est primordial de bien comprendre sa mesure ; il n’existe d’ailleurs pas une mais plusieurs mesures plus ou moins pertinentes selon la question que l’on se pose. Alors que la part du travail dans le PIB semble avoir baissé dans de nombreux pays depuis le début des années 1980, la part des rémunérations du travail dans le revenu des sociétés, reflet de l’organisation de la production, n’a baissé qu’aux États-Unis. Plusieurs pistes d’explications sont avancées pour comprendre les évolutions américaines, comme le progrès technologique, la mondialisation, ou encore la cartellisation de l’économie. Néanmoins, aucun consensus n’émerge à ce jour pour expliquer l’exception américaine ; le partage de la valeur ajoutée n’a donc pas encore dévoilé tous ses mystères.
8. Répartition et marquage de l’argent au sein du couple
Authors: Roy Delphine
Published: January 2020

Le ménage opère-t-il une redistribution par rapport aux inégalités qui perdurent entre les femmes et les hommes sur le marché du travail ? Les enquêtes statistiques comme ethnographiques montrent que les modalités de mise en commun, partielle ou totale, de l’argent dans les couples sont liées à la répartition du pouvoir et aux représentations genrées des rôles des conjoints. Même au sein de l’« unité économique » que constitue le ménage, l’argent n’est pas une simple unité de compte, fongible quels que soient sa provenance et son usage, mais il est porteur de significations symboliques.
11. Évolution des rapports entre l’argent, la religion et le culte de la famille chez les dominants
Authors: Pinçon-Charlot Monique , Pinçon Michel
Published: January 2020

Dans la haute société, la religion s’accommode des évolutions du système capitaliste. La financiarisation généralisée des activités économiques et sociales est assumée, sans culpabilité ni individuelle, ni collective, malgré les inégalités devenues abyssales. La foi et la croyance dans les dynasties familiales permettent de renforcer le sentiment du sacré et de l’excellence de soi et des siens.
16. Politique monétaire et inégalités
Authors: El Herradi Mehdi
Published: January 2020

L’augmentation des inégalités de revenus et de patrimoine dans les économies développées occupe désormais une place centrale, au point de s’introduire dans l’évaluation des effets des politiques monétaires. Dans cet article, nous soutenons que l’effet de la politique monétaire sur les inégalités est encore incertain et reste sensible aux mesures d’inégalités considérées, ainsi que l’horizon temporel choisi. Néanmoins, les banquiers centraux devraient regarder de plus près ces effets et envisager une coordination plus active avec les autres politiques économiques afin de les limiter.
17. L’avenir de l’impôt sur les sociétés
Authors: Sterdyniak Henri
Published: January 2020

Dans les pays développés, l’impôt sur les sociétés connaît une baisse tendancielle, qui réduit sa capacité à remplir ses objectifs : assurer la cohérence de la fiscalité en complément de l’impôt sur le revenu, financer les infrastructures productives, orienter les investissements. Au niveau national, au niveau européen ou dans un cadre multilatéral, différentes réformes sont envisagées pour mettre fin à la concurrence fiscale des États et à l’optimisation fiscale des firmes multinationales.
Éthique de la croyance, scepticisme et pratique. À partir de William Kingdon Clifford
Authors: Girel Mathias
Published: January 2020

Après un bref rappel de la maxime et des exemples de Clifford, constituant le socle de son éthique de la croyance, nous tentons de rendre à ce dernier le concept de croyance qui est le sien. L’article étudie trois niveaux d’objections à la thèse de Clifford, qui correspondent à autant de contresens à son égard : on pourrait y voir (a) un mixte instable entre conséquentialisme et universalisme : Clifford semble à la fois préoccupé par les conséquences de nos croyances et un devoir universel de les justifier ; (b) une contradiction entre sa maxime et les développements les plus prometteurs de la science : à ce compte, elle ne semble pas même laisser subsister la doctrine évolutionniste sur laquelle des doutes restent possibles au moment où il écrit ; et enfin (c) une contradiction avec nos croyances pratiques : la maxime ne se retourne-t-elle pas contre les notions de bien et de mal, pour lesquelles nous manquons d’ evidence , ce qui compromettrait à sa racine l’idée d’une éthique de la croyance ? Ne se retourne-t-elle pas contre la plupart de nos croyances « naturelles » que nous serions bien en peine de justifier ?
Croire en démocratie et croire en la démocratie
Authors: Vieu Patrick
Published: January 2020

Notre manière de croire est révélatrice de notre rapport à la démocratie. Telle est l’hypothèse qui guide la présente réflexion. Celle-ci part d’une interrogation sur la justification épistémique de la croyance. En revenant sur l’opposition entre la thèse « volontariste » et la thèse « évidentialiste », on montrera qu’il n’est pas possible de rabattre l’éthique de la croyance sur une morale pratique — une morale de l’utilité ou de l’efficacité —, l’agent n’étant responsable ni de ses croyances, ni des normes qui les gouvernent. Une épistémologie des vertus (de la personne) s’avère donc plus adéquate, pour appréhender le fondement éthique de la croyance, qu’une théorie déontologique de la justification (de l’action de croire). L’approche épistémique de la démocratie par laquelle se poursuit l’analyse souligne les enjeux politiques autour de la formation des croyances dans un système compris comme un « espace de raisons ». Après avoir décrit la relation paradoxale qui unit, dans ce système, l’égalité et la vérité, on montre que les théories de la démocratie élaborées pour résoudre ce paradoxe supposent toutes des citoyens épistémiquement vertueux. On confrontera alors cette observation à la réalité contemporaine pour montrer combien le mélange d’indifférence et de méfiance qui caractérise notre rapport à la vérité fragilise les fondements psychologiques et cognitifs de la démocratie. Enfin, on tentera de dégager quelques conditions concrètes de nature à consolider ces fondements pour passer d’une démocratie de la crédulité à une démocratie de la connaissance.
La bioéthique et les biotechnologies végétales
Authors: Pierron Jean-Philippe , Varobieff Léonie
Published: January 2020

La recherche en microbiologie et biologie moléculaire permet désormais de retoucher le génome des végétaux avec une extrême précision. De la connaissance naît une compétence agrogénétique permettant de modifier le vivant végétal et par là même d’engendrer de profonds effets sur nos modes de vie et d’existence. Ce que nous produisons, ce que nous consommons, font désormais l’objet de ces nouvelles puissances biotechnologiques. En tant que citoyens, nous nous garderons bien de porter un jugement sur la qualité des résultats scientifiques, nous en remettant aux biologistes pour nous assurer de la non-dangerosité de leur nouveau pouvoir. En revanche, une inquiétude persiste, que l’enquête de terrain relatée ici se propose d’investiguer. Ont-ils en partage les mêmes aspirations que les autres membres de la société, alors même qu’elles n’ont pas été définies en commun ? Sur quelle démarche éthique se construit leur production de connaissance ? Quelles représentations du monde et quelles relations au vivant portent-ils avec eux ? Le pouvoir qu’ils détiennent par leurs compétences ne nous invite-t-il pas à vouloir en savoir davantage sur les valeurs qui les animent plutôt que sur la prouesse technologique qu’ils développent ?
Shared Value at Fashion and Clothing Cluster of SMEs at Ibague, Colombia
Authors: Gutierrez Alejandro Javier , Cardona Diego
Published: January 2020

After 15 years of failure to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the UN - Global Compact proposes the dynamic participation of the private sector, especially of investors and entrepreneurs, that make up the new world development, generating a historic opportunity to expand, combine, and take advantage of the efforts and resources used by companies and other private institutions in different regions of the world. Colombia participates actively in this process, especially after the signing of the peace treaty with the guerrillas in 2016, which motivates the private sector to develop capacities to overcome traditional CSR and evolve towards the concept of “Shared Value”, with serious limitations of leveraging these initiatives, led by SMEs, which represent 97% of the local business community in Colombia. Therefore, this chapter shows the results obtained in a small municipality of Tolima, which through the formation of a common base of production among equals in the fashion sector, could implement a program with the capacity of creating shared value.
Evaluation of Firm Performances in Emerging Markets
Authors: Özçelik Seda Ekmen
Published: January 2020

This chapter provides basic understanding of firm performance in emerging markets by focusing on labor productivity and total factor productivity. In the study, labor productivity is measured in terms of average value added per worker. Total factor productivity is obtained from estimations of Cobb-Douglas production function where value added is a function of labor and capital. Data is obtained from the firm-level Enterprise Surveys by the World Bank. According to the results, differences in average labor productivities are significant among the sectors within each emerging region. Also, the value of factor elasticities changes across sectors as well as across regions. Moreover, the elasticity of capital is lower than the elasticity of labor for all sectors in regions. It implies that labor plays a more significant role and the firms are operating in a more labor-intensive production process in emerging markets.
Digital Marketing Tools for the Development of Commercial Strategies to Be Used by Insurance Intermediaries in the City of Bogotá
Authors: Mora Oscar Javier Auza , Acosta Sadoth Giraldo , Ceballos Haidy Johanna Moreno
Published: January 2020

The increasing importance that has been given to the digital marketing tools to create an identity and project the economic activities of companies in most Latin American countries nowadays, has come to cover almost all sectors of the economy in the region. Specifically, in the city of Bogotá, Colombia, there is a large market for insurance companies and their independent sales force, known as intermediaries or insurance brokers, who, until recently, used traditional commercial strategies to offer their products and services: cross-selling, referencing, word-of-mouth, and advertising in mass media in the case of intermediaries with a larger budget for their marketing activities. However, this scenario has changed lately due to the arrival of new technologies that have facilitated the finding of channels for research, communication, distribution, and commercialization of products and services, offering a wide range of opportunities for the design of commercial strategies that are developed by companies that are based on digital marketing.
The Relationship Between the Dimensions of the Organizational Climate in SMEs of the Region Laja-Bajio, Mexico
Authors: Saldaña Alejandro Saldaña , Torres Christian Paulina Mendoza
Published: January 2020

This chapter establishes the degree of association of the dimensions that integrate the concept of organizational climate in the Laja-Bajio´s companies in Mexico. It was also possible to integrate an explanatory model. This study included participation of 270 workers from various companies in the region. It was found that the dimensions that integrate the organizational climate are significantly related to each other. In addition, some relationships have a perfect correlation and it was between autonomy and general satisfaction, so it can be considered that they tie in the same measurement. Another important result was that the rewards dimension is the one that shows the lower relations with the rest of the dimensions. One aspect of great importance was the validation of the molar concept of the organizational climate, which considers that all the dimensions that allow determinating the perception of the climate in the workers are united in an integral dimension explaining the relationship between them.
A Review on the Safety of Journalists in Turkey
Authors: Ataman Bora , Çoban Barış , Erkmen Özlem
Published: January 2020

In the neoliberal media autocracy of Turkey, mass media are propaganda tools rather than the public watchdogs. The coup attempt in 2016 gave the government additional power to institutionalise this regime. Critical journalists have become the enemies of the state and suffered from threats from various sources. This attack on critical journalism is increasing alongside the deepening of the democracy crises, positioning journalists as victims. This study argues that bridging the fields of journalism safety and victimology would benefit journalists. Therefore, a critical analysis of reports on journalism safety, opponent journalists' social media posts, and related news was performed in order to discuss the possibility and advantages of bridging this gap to help journalists deal with victimisation. The findings demonstrate the acceptance of journalists as a new subject for victims' rights might activate new mechanisms of protection for them. This means searching for new rights can contribute to their physical, mental, and moral recovery.
An Evaluation for Long-Haul Low-Cost Carriers Using User-Generated Content
Authors: Bakır Mahmut , Akan Sahap , Atalik Ozlem
Published: January 2020

Since the liberalization of the airline industry, the low-cost business model has been developed worldwide and a new business model of long-haul low-cost carriers (LHLCCs) has evolved. This chapter aims to investigate the LHLCC business model from a customer-oriented perspective in terms of service quality and perceived value. For this purpose, the authors investigated the effect of service quality on perceived value for money for LHLCCs. In this chapter, user-generated content was adopted to collect data, and 824 user-generated airline reviews were collected from TripAdvisor.com, the largest tourism-related repository. In order to investigate the relationship, a predictive correlational design was structured and a logistic regression analysis was applied. To contribute to the regression analysis, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to measure the classification success. As a result, the logit model describes well the relationship between variables for LHLCCs.
Implementation of a Bowel Protocol to Improve Enteral Nutrition and Reduce Clostridium difficile Testing
Authors: Wanik Jillian , Teevan Colleen , Pepin Lynn , Andrews Laura , Dalessio Linda , Feda Jennifer , Kevorkian Noubar M. , Weintraub Sharon
Published: January 2020

Background

Underfeeding is common among adult patients receiving enteral nutrition. Constipation and diarrhea have been associated with low enteral nutrition volume in critically ill patients. In patients with diarrhea, Clostridium difficile is often suspected and tested for, although medications, illness, or enteral formulas are usually the cause. The use of bowel protocols to proactively address constipation, diarrhea, and inappropriate testing for hospital-onset C difficile infection, thereby improving enteral nutrition, remains unclear.

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy of implementing protocols to decrease constipation, diarrhea, and inappropriate testing for hospital-onset C difficile infection, and to deliver larger enteral nutrition volumes in a critical care unit.

Methods

A prospective convenience sample was used. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients receiving greater than or equal to 80% of their prescribed caloric volume 1 week (minimum 4 days) after initiating enteral nutrition. Rates of testing for hospital-onset C difficile infection were analyzed before and after the protocol was implemented.

Results

After the protocol was implemented, patients experienced significant increases in delivery of enteral nutrition volume—up to 78% of the goal volume (P = .048). The standardized infection ratio of hospital-onset C difficile infection decreased 43% (P = .04).

Conclusions

The implementation of bowel protocols improved delivery of total enteral volumes and reduced inappropriate testing for hospital-onset infections with C difficile, and they may improve patient safety and facilitate positive patient outcomes.