bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial bandwidth-optimized compression of image plane off-axis holograms with image and video codecs
Authors: Stępień P. , Muhamad R. K. , Blinder D. , Schelkens P. , Kujawińska M.
Published: August 2020

Image plane off-axis holograms (IP-OAH) are the most common data captured in digital holographic microscopy and tomography. Due to increasing storage and data transmission requirements, lossy compression of such holograms has been subject of earlier investigations. However, hologram compression can not be allowed to hinder the metrological capabilities of the measurement technique itself. In this work, we present lossy and lossless IP-OAH compression approaches that are based on conventional compression codecs, but optimized with regard to bandwidth of the signal. Both approaches outperform respective conventional codecs, while the lossy approach is shown to uphold the accuracy of holographic phase measurements.
Monolithic InP optical unitary converter based on multi-plane light conversion
Authors: Tanomura Ryota , Tang Rui , Suganuma Takahiro , Okawa Kosuke , Kato Eisaku , Tanemura Takuo , Nakano Yoshiaki
Published: August 2020

Integrated reconfigurable optical unitary converters (OUCs) are crucial in realizing all-optical spatial mode demultiplexing for mode-division-multiplexed transmission systems and programmable photonic processing for optical neural networks. In this work, we present the first experimental demonstration of 4×4 OUC monolithically integrated on InP. To avoid the difficulty of integrating a large number of Mach-Zehnder interferometer couplers on the InP platform, we apply the concept of multi-plane light conversion and use cascaded stages of 4-port multimode interference couplers, which are more scalable and easier to fabricate on InP. By optimizing the phase shifters, we demonstrate reconfigurable 4-mode sorting as well as error-free switching of 40-Gbit/s signal.
Enhanced performance of MIMO multi-branch hybrid neural network in single receiver MIMO visible light communication system
Authors: Zou Peng , Zhao Yiheng , Hu Fangchen , Chi Nan
Published: August 2020

For the single receiver multiple-input-multiple-output (SR-MIMO) visible light communication (VLC) system, the superposing of two transmitters will introduce severe distortion in the time-domain and frequency-domain. In this paper, we first proposed a MIMO multi-branch hybrid neural network (MIMO-MBNN) as the post-equalizer in the SR-MIMO pulse amplitude magnitude eight levels (PAM8) VLC system. Compared with the traditional single-input-single-output least mean square equalizer with Volterra series (SISO-LMS) and SISO deep neural network (SISO-DNN), MIMO-MBNN can achieve at most 3.35 dB Q factor improvement. Furthermore, the operation range of MIMO-MBNN is at least 2.33 times of SISO-DNN and SISO-LMS among the measured signal peak to peak voltage. At last, 2.1 Gbps data rate is achieved by MIMO-MBNN below the 7% hard-decision forward error correction (HD-FEC) threshold. As far as we know, this is the highest data rate in the SR-MIMO VLC system.
Indoor optical wireless communication system with filters-enhanced generalized spatial modulation and carrierless amplitude and phase (CAP) modulation
Authors: Wang Ke
Published: August 2020

The spatial modulation principle has been widely studied in indoor optical wireless communication (OWC) systems to provide high-speed connections to users by encoding part of data in the spatial domain. To further increase the speed and to eliminate the requirements of accurate channel state information (CSI) and low channel correlation, in this Letter we propose and demonstrate an indoor OWC system with a filters-enhanced generalized spatial modulation (FE-GSM) scheme and 16-carrierless amplitude and phase (16-CAP) modulation. The 16-CAP increases the data rate in symbol domain, and the FE-GSM scheme allows activating multiple transmitters simultaneously to increase data rate in the spatial domain. Experimental results show that using a 2.5 GBaud/s indoor OWC system with three transmitters, 15 Gb/s data rate is achieved even under identical channels without pre-known CSI. The demonstrated scheme provides a promising solution to increase data rate in indoor OWC systems.
Photonic scanning receiver for wide-range microwave frequency measurement by photonic frequency octupling and in-phase and quadrature mixing
Authors: Shi Jingzhan , Zhang Fangzheng , Zhou Yuewen , Pan Shilong , Wang Yiping , Ben De
Published: August 2020

A photonic scanning receiver with optical frequency scanning and electrical intermediate frequency envelope detection is proposed to implement wide-range microwave frequency measurement. This system applies photonic in-phase and quadrature frequency mixing to distinguish and measure the signals in two frequency bands that mirror each other. Combined with the photonic frequency octupling technique, the proposed system has a frequency measurement range that is 16 times that of the sweeping range of the electrical signal source. Besides, optical frequency sweeping with up and down chirps is used to relax the requirement for precise synchronization between the sweeping source and the analog-to-digital converter. In the experiment, using an electrical sweeping local oscillator having a bandwidth of 1.75 GHz, the system achieves a frequency measurement range as large as 28 GHz. The measurement errors are kept within 24 MHz with an average error of 9.31 MHz.
On the 10-year anniversary of the Barrydale Giant Puppet Parade South Africa: A conversation between parade creative directors Aja Marneweck and Sudonia Kouter
Authors: Marneweck Aja
Published: August 2020

2020 marks the tenth anniversary of the Barrydale Giant Puppet Parade, a large-scale, experimental annual public puppetry event and performance in a small rural town in the Klein Karoo of South Africa. This multifaceted, collaborative puppet theatre-making process, which results annually in the creation of a parade and large-scale original performance, is co-organized by Net Vir Pret (a children’s school aftercare non-profit organisation based in the town of Barrydale) and the Laboratory of Kinetic Objects (LoKO) at the Centre for Humanities Research at the University of the Western Cape (CHR@UWC). The following conversation between the author (a Theatre Research Fellow at the CHR@UWC and creative director of the parade since 2014) and Sudonia Kouter (the Net vir Pret Aftercare manager and a key artistic contributor in the parade creative and directing teams) explores some of the experiences of meaning-making that arise in such a multi-layered and ambitious project.
‘Breath, Belief, Focus, Touch’: Applied puppetry in simulated role-play for person-centred nursing education
Authors: Tizzard-Kleister Karl , Jennings Matt
Published: August 2020

As a subject area that sustains itself on the productive tension between human and non-human agency, applied puppetry is a pragmatic and compelling approach to considering the role of objects in an anthropocentric world. In health care, mannequins play the role of simulated patients. Most often, they simply stand in for the body of the patient. However, this misses the potential that the materiality of these objects holds when considered through applied puppetry terms. This article examines examples of puppetry used in simulated role-play (SRP) for training and assessment, including a specific project involving applied puppetry with person-centred nursing (PCN) students at Ulster University (UU). It attempts to theorize how, when used in this way, applied puppetry is a metaphorical and translational act of anthropomorphism – a process by which an object can ‘become’ more than a thing. In this context, we seek to define a practice in which a mannequin fulfils its potential as a puppet-patient in SRP for PCN students.
Breaking out of time: Dafa Puppet Theatre
Authors: Abed Husam , Deák Réka
Published: August 2020

Dafa Puppet Theatre works with refugee communities to enable expression and change people’s lives through puppetry. Dafa’s work is on the boundaries of visual arts, puppetry, music, family gathering, food and a range of different elements. The idea of the puppet is something that you can touch and sense, yet it is on the borders between reality and fiction. There is always the possibility that the gates of imagination can be opened by this object, which can have many symbolic meanings. In this article, a reflection transcribed from an interview with Laura Purcell-Gates, Husam and Réka discuss their work with puppetry in communities. They reflect on layers of meaning within the puppet, working with specific materials and found objects, the importance of cultural specificity in their approach to the work, decolonizing practices of puppetry and building community through integrating puppetry, gatherings and shared food. This artistic discussion is an insight into a very active company working with often vulnerable and displaced communities.
The shift to national Catholicism and the Falange in the Second World War: The case of Garbancito de la Mancha (1945)
Authors: Pagès Maria
Published: August 2020

This article analyses the political undercurrents running through the first European hand-drawn animated feature-length film, which was made in Barcelona in 1945. It was titled Garbancito de la Mancha and will be analysed at discursive, iconic and visual levels. The goal is to establish whether political events during the Second World War years as well as the early years (1939–45) of the Franco dictatorship are reflected in the film. After the Spanish Civil War (1936–39), two main political parties struggled to control the nation. One of them was the Spanish version of fascism (the Falange); the other was the Catholic Party (National-Catholicism). The end of the Second World War was to mark a showdown between the two parties for political hegemony. The outcome set the tone for the regime until its demise in 1975 with Franco’s death. Given that the film was made by key political figures of the period, the ideology of the film will be revealed by visualizing the myths and values for the period spanning from 1939 to 1951 when Spain pursued autarky (self-sufficiency).
Antitumor Necrosis Factor Agents to Treat Endoscopic Postoperative Recurrence of Crohn's Disease: A Nationwide Study With Propensity-Matched Score Analysis
Authors: Cañete Fiorella , Mañosa Míriam , Pérez-Martínez Isabel , Barreiro-de Acosta Manuel , González-Sueyro Ramiro C. , Nos Pilar , Iglesias-Flores Eva , Gutiérrez Ana , Bujanda Luis , Gordillo Jordi , Ríos León Raquel , Casanova María José , Villoria Albert , Rodríguez-Lago Iago , López Serrano Pilar , García-Herola Antonio , Ramírez-de la Piscina Patricia , Navarro-Llavat Mercè , Taxonera Carlos , Barrio Jesús , Ramos Laura , Navarro Pablo , Benítez-Leiva Olga , Calafat Margalida , Domènech Eugeni ,   on behalf of the INFLIRECU study
Published: August 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Patients with Crohn's disease experiencing endoscopic postoperative recurrence (POR) may benefit from antitumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents but scarce data on this are available. Our aim was to assess the efficacy of anti-TNF in improving mucosal lesions in patients with endoscopic POR.

METHODS:

Multicenter, retrospective, study of patients with Crohn's disease who underwent therapy with anti-TNF agents for endoscopic POR (Rutgeerts score > i1). Treatment outcomes were assessed by the findings in the last ileocolonoscopy performed after anti-TNF therapy was initiated. Endoscopic improvement and remission were defined as any reduction in the baseline Rutgeerts score and by a Rutgeerts score < i2, respectively.

RESULTS:

A total of 179 patients were included, 83 were treated with infliximab and 96 with adalimumab. Median time on anti-TNF therapy at the last endoscopic assessment was 31 months (interquartile range, 13–54). Endoscopic improvement was observed in 61%, including 42% who achieved endoscopic remission. Concomitant use of thiopurines and treatment with infliximab were associated with endoscopic improvement (odds ratio [OR] 2.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–4.46; P = 0.03, and OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.18–4.62; P < 0.01, respectively) and endoscopic remission (OR 3.16, 95% CI 1.65–6.05; P < 0.01, and OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.05–3.88; P = 0.04, respectively) in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. These results were confirmed in a propensity-matched score analysis.

DISCUSSION:

In patients with endoscopic POR, anti-TNF agents improve mucosal lesions in almost two-thirds of the patients. In this setting, concomitant use of thiopurines and use of infliximab seem to be more effective in improving mucosal lesions.
PRISCIANVS MINOR: TEORÍA GRAMATICAL PER FIGVRAM Y TÉCNICA COMPOSITIVA (I)
Authors: Gutiérrez Marco A.
Published: August 2020

En el presente artículo damos cuenta pormenorizada de los ejemplos per figuram obtenidos a través de un novedoso método de trabajo plasmado en decotgrel (Pmin) (2013). De esta forma hemos podido sistematizar todos los ‘usos especiales’ documentados en el así llamado Priscianus minor. De esta manera hemos podido encontrar consideraciones que van más allá de lo meramente normativo y que tienen un gran interés tanto para el conocimiento de la lengua en cuestión como para el análisis de la evolución de los conceptos gramaticales y de las teorías lingüísticas desde la Antigüedad hasta la Modernidad.
Carlos García Gual, “El Zorro y el Cuervo”. Estudios sobre la fábula
Authors: García Almeida Lucía
Published: August 2020

Reseña
Polymorphic variants in the PVT1 locus affect multiple sclerosis severity
Authors: Kiselev I. S. , Kozin M. S. , Baulina N. M. , Pavlova G. V. , Boyko A. N. , Kulakova O. G. , Favorova O. O.
Published: August 2020

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease, in the pathogenesis of which the concurrence of demyelination of central nervous system (CNS) axons and neurodegeneration plays a role and which is accompanied by progressive neurological dysfunction. Long-term monitoring of patients with MS is needed to rate its severity according to existing scales; it is therefore very relevant to search for genomic markers that can predict the rate of disease progression at early stages. The impact of polymorphic variants in the PVT1 locus on MS severity has not been previously studied.

Objective: to analyze the association of the polymorphic variants rs4645948 in the MYC gene and rs2114358 and rs4410871) in the PVT1 genes with MS severity according to the Multiple Sclerosis Severity Scale (MSSS) separately and as part of biallelic combinations, as well as the possible linkage disequilibrium of the studied single nucleotide polymorphisms for establishing the independence of the observed associations.

Patients and methods. The investigation enrolled 468 Russian MS patients who did not take immunomodulating drugs before blood testing. The patients were divided into two groups: 1) relatively mild MS (MSSS ≤3.5) and 2) relatively severe MS (MSSS >3.5). The polymorphic variants in the PVT1 locus were genotyped by a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay.

Results and discussion. In the MS study group, the carriage of the allele of PVT1 (rs2114358)*G turned out to be associated with the severe course of the disease (pf=0.042; odds ratio (OR)=1.41). The significance of the association increases in the simultaneous carriage of this allele with another variant of the same gene – PVT1 (rs4410871)*T (pf=0.024; OR=1.58). There was no linkage disequilibrium between the components of the biallelic combination.

Conclusion. The polymorphic variants in the PVT1 locus are associated with the severity of MS.
Nervous system damage in COVID-19 with an emphasis on the management of patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Boyko A. N. , Sivertseva S. A. , Spirin N. N.
Published: August 2020

The main target for COVID-19 is the lung with the development of acute respiratory failure. But the virus also displays tropism to the central nervous, muscle, and immune systems. The paper gives the data available in the literature on nervous system damage and the characteristics of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging manifestations of brain damage in COVID-19. Among the neurological symptoms of COVID-19, there may be stroke, encephalitis, and neuropathy. An account is given of the features of multiple sclerosis patient management during the COVID-19 pandemic depending on the risk of developing coronavirus infection.
PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS PRODUK SELADA ROMAINE PADA SISTEM TANAM HIDROPONIK (Studi Kasus di UMKM Kebun Sayur, Kota Surabaya, Jawa Timur)
Authors: Novianti Nila , Subagyo Heru Santoso Hadi , Aprilia Anisa
Published: August 2020

Kualitas produk merupakan salah satu faktor yang diperhatikan oleh konsumen dalam membeli dan menggunakan sebuah produk. Adanya peningkatan pendidikan, kemampuan daya beli serta kepedulian konsumen terhadap nilai gizi telah menggugah kesadaran konsumen akan pentingnya suatu kualitas produk. Namun pada kenyataannya produk sayuran hidroponik khususnya Selada Romaine yang diproduksi oleh UMKM Kebun Sayur Surabaya masih memiliki kualitas yang kurang baik. Permasalahan yang kerap muncul pada usaha tersebut yaitu adanya kecacatan produk. Sehingga penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan menganalisis nilai kecacatan, faktor-faktor penyebab kecacatan dan harapan konsumen terhadap kualitas produk Selada Romaine. Penelitian dilakukan di UMKM Kebun Sayur Surabaya dengan menggunakan metode Statistical Quality Control (SQC) dan House of Quality (HoQ).  Pengendalian kualitas menggunakan (SQC) dilakukan dengan lima alat statistik yaitu diagram alir, lembar pemeriksaan, diagram pareto, peta kendali, dan diagram sebab akibat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Nilai kecacatan produk Selada Romaine hidroponik berada di luar batas kendali UCL (Upper Control Limit) dan LCL (Lower Control Limit), sehingga dikatakan tidak terkendali. Terdapat 3 titik berada di dalam batas kendali dan 10 titik berada di luar batas kendali (2) Faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan kecacatan produk yaitu faktor mesin, faktor manusia faktor lingkungan dan faktor metode (3) Harapan konsumen terhadap kualitas produk yaitu harga produk Rp 4.000 per ons; bentuk produk yaitu utuh atau tidak terdapat daun bercak coklat, berlubang, kuning dan akar terlepas dari tanaman; kesegaran produk yaitu sangat segar atau fresh hasil panen; kebersihan produk yaitu sangat higienis melalui proses pencucian; warna produk yaitu hijau segar atau tidak terlalu tua dan muda; serta kemasan produk yaitu plastik terbuka seperti bucket bunga.
KINERJA RANTAI PASOK DI PABRIK GULA MADUKISMO DENGAN METODE SUPPLY CHAIN OPERATION REFERENCE-ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS (SCOR-AHP)
Authors: Anindita Kamila , Ambarawati I Gusti Agung Ayu , Dewi Ratna Komala
Published: August 2020

Pada industri gula, pabrik akan merencanakan pasokan tebu untuk memastikan bahwa pabrik beroperasi pada kapasitas optimal sepanjang musim giling. Pengukuran kinerja rantai pasok diperlukan untuk mengetahui kondisi pabrik dan melakukan pengendaliannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi mekanisme rantai pasok dan mengukur kinerja rantai pasok di pabrik gula Madukismo dengan metode Supply Chain Operations Reference-Analytical Hierarchy Process (SCOR-AHP). Hasil pengukuran kinerja rantai pasok di pabrik Madukismo Tahun 2018 pada anggota rantai pasok petani adalah 80,82% dan 93,32% pada pabrik. Terdapat tiga alternatif yang disusun berdasarkan kondisi pabrik yaitu peningkatan kemitraan dengan pemasok, peningkatan standar pabrik dalam kategori pemenuhan bahan baku, dan menambah pemasok tebu.
Low-Load Resistance Training Performed to Muscle Failure or Near Muscle Failure Does Not Promote Additional Gains on Muscle Strength, Hypertrophy, and Functional Performance of Older Adults
Authors: Bergamasco João Guilherme Almeida , da Silva Deivid Gomes , Bittencourt Diego Fernandes , de Oliveira Ramon Martins , Júnior José Carlos Bonjorno , Caruso Flávia Rossi , Godoi Daniela , Borghi-Silva Audrey , Libardi Cleiton Augusto
Published: August 2020

Bergamasco, JGA, Gomes da Silva, D, Bittencourt, DF, Martins de Oliveira, R, Júnior, JCB, Caruso, FC, Godoi, D, Borghi-Silva, A, and Libardi, CA. Low-load resistance training performed to muscle failure or near muscle failure does not promote additional gains on muscle strength, hypertrophy, and functional performance of older adults. J Strength Cond Res 36(5): 1209–1215, 2022—The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of low-load resistance training (RT) protocols performed to failure (FAI), to voluntary interruption (VOL), and with a fixed low repetitions (FIX) on muscle strength, hypertrophy, and functional performance in older adults. Forty-one subjects (60–77 years) were randomized into one of the RT protocols (FAI, VOL, or FIX) and completed 12 weeks of RT at 40% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM), twice a week. The assessments included 1RM test, muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), rate of torque development (RTD), and functional performance (chair stand [CS], habitual gait speed [HGS], maximal gait speed [MGS], and timed up-and-go [TUG]). All protocols significantly increased 1RM values from Pre (FAI: 318.3 ± 116.3 kg; VOL: 342.9 ± 93.7 kg; FIX: 328.0 ± 107.2 kg) to Post (FAI: 393.0 ± 143.1 kg, 23.5%; VOL: 423.0 ± 114.5 kg, 23.3%; FIX: 397.8 ± 94.6 kg, 21.3%; p < 0.0001 for all groups). Regarding CS, all protocols showed significant improvements from Pre (FAI: 11.5 ± 2.4 seconds; VOL: 12.1 ± 2.5 seconds; FIX: 11.3 ± 1.1 seconds) to Post (FAI: 10.5 ± 1.1 seconds, −8.5%, p = 0.001; VOL: 10.3 ± 1.5 seconds, −15.1%, p = 0.001; FIX: 11.0 ± 1.1, −3.2%, p = 0.001). Habitual gait speed values increased significantly from Pre (FAI: 1.3 ± 0.2 m·s−1; VOL: 1.3 ± 0.1 m·s−1; FIX: 1.3 ± 0.1 m·s−1) to Post (FAI: 1.4 ± 0.2 m·s−1, 2.5%, p = 0.03; VOL: 1.4 ± 0.2 m·s−1, 5.2%, p = 0.036; FIX: 1.4 ± 0.1 m·s−1, 5.7%, p = 0.03). No significant differences between protocols were found (p > 0.05). In addition, there were no significant changes in CSA, RTD, MGS, and TUG for any protocols (p > 0.05). In conclusion, low-load RT performed without muscle failure promotes significant improvements in muscle strength and some parameters of functional performance in older adults.
Kinetic and Electromyographic Responses to Traditional and Assisted Nordic Hamstring Exercise
Authors: Burrows Adam P. , Cleather Dan , Mahaffey Ryan , Cimadoro Giuseppe
Published: August 2020

Burrows, AP, Cleather, D, Mahaffey, R, and Cimadoro, G. Kinetic and electromyographic responses to traditional and assisted Nordic hamstring exercise. J Strength Cond Res 34(10): 2715–2724, 2020—The Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) is performed to increase hamstring strength, elicit morphological changes, and reduce injury risk. However, to date, the NHE assisted by the means of an external resistance has not been investigated. Thus, this study compared the eccentric knee flexor strength, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and electromyographic responses of the biceps femoris (BF) and semitendinosus (ST) when performing the NHE under assisted or unassisted conditions. Sixteen professional soccer players (aged 19.4 ± 2.2 years) performed 5 sets of 3 NHE unassisted and with assisting loads (5–20% of the body mass) using the Keiser machine. Eccentric knee flexor strength was measured from the subjects' dominant limb. Peak surface electromyography (sEMG) of the BF and ST was recorded from the dominant limb; the ratio was also calculated. Subjects rated the intensity of each condition of the NHE on a ten-point RPE Borg scale. All assisted conditions displayed significantly lower (p < 0.05) absolute and relative eccentric knee flexor strength than unassisted conditions. Rating of perceived exertion for each loading condition was significantly lower (p < 0.05) as the assisting load increased except for the difference between the 10 and 15% assisted conditions. Surface electromyography of the BF and ST was not significantly lower (p < 0.05) during all assisted conditions compared with the unassisted NHE, neither there were significant between-muscle differences or sEMG ratios. Our findings suggest that the assisted NHE reduces the load and difficulty of the exercise. Practitioners can use the assisted NHE to manipulate intensity and difficulty if that is appropriate for their programming.
The Effect of a Neuromuscular vs. Dynamic Warm-up on Physical Performance in Young Tennis Players
Authors: Fernandez-Fernandez Jaime , García-Tormo Vicente , Santos-Rosa Francisco Javier , Teixeira Anderson Santiago , Nakamura Fábio Yuzo , Granacher Urs , Sanz-Rivas David
Published: August 2020

Fernandez-Fernandez, J, García-Tormo, V, Santos-Rosa, FJ, Teixeira, AS, Nakamura, FY, Granacher, U, and Sanz-Rivas, D. The effect of a neuromuscular vs. dynamic warm-up on physical performance in young tennis players. J Strength Cond Res 34(10): 2776–2784, 2020—The aim of this study was to examine performance-enhancing (i.e., training) effects of a neuromuscular warm-up (NWU) compared with a dynamic WU (DWU) in young tennis players. Twenty-eight well-trained male tennis players with a mean age of 15.09 ± 1.16 years participated in this study and were assigned to either a training group performing NWU (n = 14), or a group that followed DWU (n = 15) before tennis-specific training, for 8 weeks. Pretest and posttest included: speed (5, 10, and 20 m); modified 5-0-5 change of direction (COD) test; bilateral/unilateral countermovement jump (CMJ); 2 kg overhead, forehand, and backhand-side medicine ball throw performance (MBT); serve velocity, and shoulder strength and range-of-motion (ROM) performance (i.e., internal [IR]/external [ER] rotation). Results showed that both groups, NWU and DWU, significantly improved their sprint performances (5–20 m; [p < 0.05; d = 0.83–1.32]), CMJ (bilateral and unilateral [dominant side] [p < 0.005; d = 1.27–1.59]), overhead MBT (p = 0.014; d = 1.02), and some shoulder strength (i.e., IR dominant side [D], ER D, ER/IR ratio [p < 0.05; d = 0.86–1.59]) and ROM (i.e., ER D, total ROM D [p < 0.05; d = 0.80–1.02]) values. However, the interaction effects revealed that NWU compared with DWU produced greater performance gains in most of the analyzed parameters (i.e., 5–10 m sprint, CMJ, overhead MBT, serve speed). The inclusion of an NWU characterized by a relatively low volume (∼20–35 minutes), including general mobility, core, and shoulder strength exercises, combined with neuromuscular-related exercises (e.g., plyometric and acceleration/deceleration/COD drills), can be recommended to obtain positive effects in tennis performance-related variables.
Effect of Augmented Feedback on Velocity Performance During Strength-Oriented and Power-Oriented Resistance Training Sessions
Authors: Jiménez-Alonso Ainara , García-Ramos Amador , Cepero Mar , Miras-Moreno Sergio , Rojas F. Javier , Pérez-Castilla Alejandro
Published: August 2020

Jiménez-Alonso, A, García-Ramos, A, Cepero, M, Miras-Moreno, S, Rojas, FJ, and Pérez-Castilla, A. Effect of augmented feedback on velocity performance during strength-oriented and power-oriented resistance training sessions. J Strength Cond Res 36(6): 1511–1517, 2022—This study examined the effects of providing instantaneous velocity feedback (knowledge of results [KR]) on velocity maintenance across multiple sets during strength-oriented and power-oriented resistance training (RT) sessions. Seventeen men completed 2 strength-oriented RT sessions (4 sets of 5 repetitions at 75% of 1 repetition maximum [1RM] during the back squat [SQ] and bench press [BP] exercises) in 1 week and 2 power-oriented RT sessions (4 sets of 5 repetitions at 30% of 1RM during the countermovement jump [CMJ] and BP throw [BPT] exercises) in another week. Subjects received verbal velocity performance feedback in 1 session (KR) and no KR was provided in another session. Greater velocities during the 4 sets of both strength-oriented (from 4.6 to 11.6%) and power-oriented (from 1.4 to 3.5%) RT sessions were observed. The increments in velocity performance during the KR condition were greater for the CMJ (2.25 ± 0.14 vs. 2.18 ± 0.17 m·s−1; 3.0%) than the BPT (2.33 ± 0.13 vs. 2.29 ± 0.16 m·s−1; 1.7%) and similarly for the SQ (0.59 ± 0.07 vs. 0.55 ± 0.06 m·s−1; 7.5%) and BP (0.47 ± 0.09 vs. 0.44 ± 0.07 m·s−1; 7.8%). The raw differences in the RT velocity for BPT were positively correlated with the raw differences in the RT velocity for SQ (r = 0.524; p = 0.031) and CMJ (r = 0.662; p = 0.004), but the remaining correlations did not reach a statistical significance (r ≤ 0.370; p ≥ 0.123). Although these results support the provision of velocity performance feedback to increase training quality regardless of the type of RT session, the positive effect of KR seems to be more accentuated during strength-oriented compared with power-oriented RT sessions.
Improved Ankle Mobility After a 4-Week Training Program Affects Landing Mechanics: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Howe Louis. P. , Bampouras Theodoros. M. , North Jamie S. , Waldron Mark
Published: August 2020

Howe, LP, Bampouras, TM, North, JS, and Waldron, M. Improved ankle mobility after a 4-week training program affects landing mechanics: a randomized controlled trial. J Strength Cond Res 36(7): 1875–1883, 2022—This study examined the effects of a 4-week ankle mobility intervention on landing mechanics. Twenty subjects with restricted ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (DF ROM) were allocated to either a strength training only (n = 9) or a strength training and ankle mobility program (n = 11). Subjects performed a weight-bearing lunge test and bilateral drop-landings before and after the intervention. Normalized peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF), time to peak vGRF, and loading rate were calculated, alongside sagittal-plane initial contact angles, peak angles, and sagittal-plane joint displacement for the ankle, knee, and hip. Frontal-plane projection angles were also calculated. After the intervention, only the strength and mobility group improved ankle DF ROM (mean difference = 4.1°, effect size [ES] = 1.00, p = 0.002). A one-way analysis of covariance found group effects for ankle joint angle at initial contact (p = 0.045), ankle (p < 0.001) and hip joint angle at peak flexion (p = 0.041), and sagittal-plane ankle (p < 0.001) and hip joint displacement (p = 0.024) during bilateral drop-landings. Post hoc analysis revealed that the strength and mobility group landed with greater ankle plantarflexion at initial contact (mean difference = 1.4 ± 2.0°, ES = 0.46) and ankle dorsiflexion at peak flexion (mean difference = 6.3 ± 2.9°, ES = 0.74) after the intervention, resulting in a greater ankle joint displacement (mean difference = 7.7 ± 4.0°, ES = 1.00). However, the strength training only group landed with increased peak hip flexion (mean difference = 14.4 ± 11.0°, ES = 0.70) and hip joint displacement (mean difference = 8.0 ± 6.6°, ES = 0.44) during post-testing. The findings suggest that changes in landing strategies following the performance of a strength training program are specific to whether restrictions in ankle mobility are considered as part of the intervention.
Evaluation of Load-Velocity Relationships and Repetitions-to-Failure Equations in the Presence of Male and Female Spotters
Authors: Nickerson Brett S. , Williams Tyler D. , Snarr Ronald L. , Garza Jessica M. , Salinas Gilberto
Published: August 2020

Nickerson, BS, Williams, TD, Snarr, RL, Garza, JM, and Salinas, G. Evaluation of load-velocity relationships and repetitions-to-failure equations in the presence of male and female spotters. J Strength Cond Res 34(9): 2427–2433, 2020—The purpose of this study was 2 fold: (a) to determine whether differences in mean concentric velocity (MCV), repetitions-to-failure (RTF), measured 1 repetition maximum (1RM), and 1RM prediction methods vary between lifter and spotter sex and (b) determine the accuracy of velocity-based 1RM (MCV1RM) and repetitions-to-failure-based 1RM (RTF1RM) prediction equations in the presence of either a male or female spotter. Twenty resistance-trained individuals (50% men) participated in this study. The initial 2 visits involved measuring 1RM for the bench press with a male or female spotter. Visits 3 and 4 required subjects to lift loads at 30 (5-repetitions), 50 (5-repetitions), and 70% 1RM (RTF) in the presence of a male or female spotter. Velocity-based 1RM was determined through individual regression equations using the submaximal loads (MCV30, MCV50, and MCV70). Repetitions-to-failure-based 1RM was determined through the RTF at 70% 1RM using Wathen (Wathen1RM), Mayhew (Mayhew1RM), and Epley (Epley1RM) equations. There were significant interactions when assessing Wathen1RM and Mayhew1RM (p < 0.05). Female lifters produced significantly higher estimated 1RM values during the male spotter condition using Wathen1RM and Mayhew1RM than the female spotter condition (p = 0.032 and 0.033, respectively). MCV1RM and Epley1RM produced smaller mean differences than Wathen1RM and Mayhew1RM when compared with measured 1RM. However, MCV1RM produced the largest standard error of estimate, whereas Epley1RM produced the lowest values. Epley1RM should be used over MCV1RM, Wathen1RM, and Mayhew1RM when loads up to 70% 1RM are implemented. Also, spotter sex only seems to impact female lifters when using the RTF1RM prediction equations of Wathen1RM and Mayhew1RM.
Can Simulated Partners Boost Workout Effort in Long-Term Exercise?
Authors: Feltz Deborah L. , Hill Christopher R. , Samendinger Stephen , Myers Nicholas D. , Pivarnik James M. , Winn Brian , Ede Alison , Ploutz-Snyder Lori
Published: August 2020

Feltz, DL, Hill, CR, Samendinger, S, Myers, ND, Pivarnik, JM, Winn, B, Ede, A, and Ploutz-Snyder, L. Can simulated partners boost workout effort in long-term exercise? J Strength Cond Res 34(9): 2434–2442, 2020—We tested whether exercising with a stronger simulated (i.e., software-generated) partner leads to greater work effort compared to exercising alone, to help those seeking to maintain or improve fitness levels with long-term high-intensity training, but who find it necessary or practical to exercise in social isolation. Forty-one middle-aged adults, who participated in at least 30 minutes of vigorous exercise 3x·wk−1, trained on a cycle ergometer 6 days per week for 24 weeks in an alternating regimen of moderate-intensity 30-minute continuous and 3 types of high-intensity interval sessions (8 × 30-second sprints, 6 × 2-minute ladders, and 4 × 4-minute intervals). They were assigned either no partner (control), an always superior partner, or a not always superior partner. Participants varied cycle power output to increase or decrease session intensity during the repeated moderate-intensity sessions (30-minute continuous) and 1 of the 3 high-intensity sessions (4 × 4-minute intervals). Changes in intensity were used as a measure of effort motivation over time. Nested multilevel models of effort trajectory were developed and alpha was set to 0.05. For continuous and interval sessions, effort trajectory was positive and significant for those with an always superior partner, but not significantly different from control. Within interval sessions, those with an always superior partner significantly increased effort in the fourth interval compared to control (p = 0.02). Exercising with an always superior partner leads to greater work efforts during the hardest interval training compared to exercising alone.
Decline in Unintentional Lifting Velocity Is Both Load and Exercise Specific
Authors: Beck Maddison , Varner William , LeVault Lindsay , Boring Johnathan , Fahs Christopher A.
Published: August 2020

Beck, M, Varner, W, LeVault, L, Boring, J, and Fahs, CA. Decline in unintentional lifting velocity is both load and exercise specific. J Strength Cond Res 34(10): 2709–2714, 2020—When monitoring the mean concentric velocity (MCV) for velocity-based resistance training, often a threshold in the decline in the MCV is used to regulate the number of repetitions performed. However, it is not clear if the decline in the MCV is affected by the type of exercise or the relative load used. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the decline in the MCV between the overhead press (OHP) and deadlift (DL) during sets to fatigue at different loads. Thirty individuals (23 ± 3 years) with current training experience with both the OHP and DL completed a 1 repetition maximum (1RM) protocol for the OHP and DL. Subjects then returned to the laboratory on 2 separate occasions and completed 1 set of the OHP and DL to volitional fatigue at either 70 or 90% of their 1RM in a randomized order. The open barbell system measured the MCV of all repetitions. The absolute and relative (%) decline in the MCV was calculated for each condition and compared between loads (70 vs. 90% 1RM) and between lifts (OHP vs. DL). An alpha level of 0.05 was used at the criterion for statistical significance. The absolute decline in the MCV was greatest for the 70% OHP condition (0.36 ± 0.12 m·s−1) followed by 90% OHP (0.19 ± 0.10 m·s−1), 70% DL (0.16 ± 0.08 m·s−1), and 90% DL (0.09 ± 0.06 m·s−1); all were significantly different from one another (p < 0.05) except for 70% DL vs. 90% OHP (p = 0.441). There was a greater relative decline in the MCV for the OHP compared with the DL (50.1 ± 11.8% vs. 28.5 ± 11.8%; p < 0.001) and for 70% 1RM compared with 90% 1RM (44.5 ± 12.0% vs. 34.1 ± 12.0%; p < 0.001). These data suggest the decline in the MCV is both exercise and load specific. Applying a uniform velocity decline threshold for velocity-based training may reduce training volume to different extents depending on the exercise and relative load used.
Racial and/or Ethnic and Socioeconomic Disparities of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Children
Authors: Goyal Monika K. , Simpson Joelle N. , Boyle Meleah D. , Badolato Gia M. , Delaney Meghan , McCarter Robert , Cora-Bramble Denice
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVES:

To evaluate racial and/or ethnic and socioeconomic differences in rates of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among children.

METHODS:

We performed a cross-sectional study of children tested for SARS-CoV-2 at an exclusively pediatric drive-through and walk-up SARS-CoV-2 testing site from March 21, 2020, to April 28, 2020. We performed bivariable and multivariable logistic regression to measure the association of patient race and/or ethnicity and estimated median family income (based on census block group estimates) with (1) SARS-CoV-2 infection and (2) reported exposure to SARS-CoV-2.

RESULTS:

Of 1000 children tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection, 20.7% tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. In comparison with non-Hispanic white children (7.3%), minority children had higher rates of infection (non-Hispanic Black: 30.0%, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.3 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2–4.4]; Hispanic: 46.4%, aOR 6.3 [95% CI 3.3–11.9]). In comparison with children in the highest median family income quartile (8.7%), infection rates were higher among children in quartile 3 (23.7%; aOR 2.6 [95% CI 1.4–4.9]), quartile 2 (27.1%; aOR 2.3 [95% CI 1.2–4.3]), and quartile 1 (37.7%; aOR 2.4 [95% CI 1.3–4.6]). Rates of reported exposure to SARS-CoV-2 also differed by race and/or ethnicity and socioeconomic status.

CONCLUSIONS:

In this large cohort of children tested for SARS-CoV-2 through a community-based testing site, racial and/or ethnic minorities and socioeconomically disadvantaged children carry the highest burden of infection. Understanding and addressing the causes of these differences are needed to mitigate disparities and limit the spread of infection.
El método dialéctico en la formación científica de los estudiantes de pedagogía
Authors: Ponce Vargas José Manuel
Published: August 2020

El presente artículo abordó la temática de la formación pedagógica como resultado del factor metodológico, a partir del conocimiento de las propiedades del método dialéctico; porque la era del conocimiento y de la competencia demandan profesionales formados científicamente. La investigación fue realizada en el Instituto Superior Público de Ayaviri-Puno, Perú; con el objetivo de establecer los efectos que causan los conocimientos limitados del método dialéctico en la formación científica de los estudiantes de formación pedagógica. El tipo de investigación fue descriptiva de diseño causal; como unidad de investigación se consideró al 100% de la población estudiantil del área pedagógica, es decir 213 estudiantes; para recoger los datos se emplearon dos instrumentos: el cuestionario y la escala Likert validadas por medio de la matriz de consistencia del problema. Se empleó la escala de medición ordinal; consideramos como variable causa al Método Dialéctico y como variable efecto a la Formación Científica. Los resultados establecieron que los conocimientos del Método Dialéctico en sus dimensiones de: contradicción, cambio y práctica resultaron ser limitados; y referente a la Formación Científica (dirección teórica, actitud transformadora y toma de decisiones estratégicas), mostraron deficiencias cuyas actitudes son dubitantes. Estos resultados evidenciaron que las carencias de la formación científica responden a los escasos y limitados conocimientos referidos al método dialéctico. En conclusión, significa replantear el plan anual curricular, en ellas las jornadas pedagógicas deben priorizar el conocimiento de las propiedades del método dialéctico; condición que permitirá elevar el nivel de la formación científica en los estudiantes de pedagogía.
Resultados de la implementación del proyecto La formación práctico-experimental en las Ciencias Naturales
Authors: Yera Quintana Andrés Israel , Castillo Estenoz Micaela , Pérez Hernández Iraida , Espinoza Castillo Erismelkys
Published: August 2020

El artículo presenta los resultados de la implementación del proyecto La formación práctico- experimental en las Ciencias Naturales, en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de los preuniversitarios del municipio Ciego de Ávila, y en la licenciatura en Educación en las referidas especialidades. Concretamente, se introdujeron, en la práctica, la concepción teórica asumida sobre formación práctico-experimental (FPE) y la metodología para contribuir con ella. Al ser una investigación de corte mixto, se evaluaron ocho indicadores en cuatro categorías. Las evaluaciones fueron realizadas al inicio, en dos momentos intermedios, y al final de la implementación del proyecto, a partir del análisis integrado de las informaciones obtenidas por la aplicación de los instrumentos diseñados y de acuerdo con los criterios establecidos. Se realizó un muestreo intencional que abarcó a 294 participantes, pertenecientes a las cinco unidades de estudio determinadas. Se constataron avances en todos los indicadores evaluados, entre los que resaltan los referidos a niveles de socialización y aplicación de los resultados del proyecto. Las mediciones intermedias permitieron el perfeccionamiento y ajuste de las acciones de implementación y favorecieron una evaluación final más efectiva y pertinente. En general, se corroboraron avances en la calidad de los trabajos teórico-prácticos y seminarios, en los resultados de la evaluación del aprendizaje y en las preparaciones de las asignaturas. Asimismo, se advierte la satisfacción de estudiantes, docentes, técnicos y directivos educacionales respecto al mejoramiento del desempeño de sus funciones.
Construcción y validación de instrumentos para evaluar prácticas de convivencia escolar en profesionales y padres
Authors: López Verónica , Valdés Morales René
Published: August 2020

Los altos niveles de violencia reportados en las instituciones escolares han hecho de la convivencia escolar un tema relevante para las escuelas. No obstante, si bien existen algunos instrumentos disponibles que evalúan clima escolar y percepción de la calidad de la convivencia escolar, pocos evalúan prácticas concretas de convivencia escolar orientadas al mejoramiento escolar, y menos aún desde la perspectiva de profesionales y de la familia. Mediante un abordaje metodológico cuantitativo, en este artículo se exponen los resultados del diseño de las propiedades psicométricas de dos instrumentos que evalúan prácticas de convivencia escolar reportadas; el primero, por padres y/o madres, y el segundo, por profesionales (profesores/as, directivos, profesionales de apoyo y asistentes de la educación). El instrumento fue construido por un equipo de investigación y aplicado al interior de las escuelas durante la jornada escolar. La validación de ambos instrumentos se llevó a cabo con una muestra de 741 profesionales y 1129 padres/madres pertenecientes a 129 escuelas de diferente dependencia escolar, bajo un diseño muestral representativo bietápico y mediante un análisis factorial confirmatorio. Como resultados, ambos instrumentos presentan indicadores de ajuste y fiabilidad aceptables, con ítems con estimación estandarizada sobre .50 y coeficientes de alfa de Cronbach sobre .7. Se discute la importancia de contar con instrumentos que permitan evaluar prácticas concretas de convivencia escolar desde la perspectiva de los profesionales y de los padres/madres.
Aprendizaje-Servicio: una práctica educativa innovadora que promueve el desarrollo de competencias del estudiantado universitario
Authors: Mayor Paredes Domingo
Published: August 2020

Este artículo presenta algunos de los resultados de una investigación centrada en el análisis de la influencia que tienen los proyectos de Aprendizaje-Servicio (ApS) en el desarrollo de diversas competencias del estudiantado universitario. El estudio tomó como eje de indagación un proyecto de ApS que estaba implementando el alumnado universitario, en el marco de una de las asignaturas del grado de Educación Social, en la residencia de un Instituto de Enseñanza Secundaria. En el mismo participaron: estudiantado y profesor universitario, alumnado de secundaria y dos educadoras sociales del Instituto. Para ello se utilizó el estudio de caso como metodología de la investigación y el análisis de documentos, la observación participante, las entrevistas semiestructuradas grupales y un cuestionario ad hoc, diseñado por el profesor universitario, como estrategias para la recogida de información. Los resultados obtenidos permiten constatar los efectos producidos en distintas dimensiones relacionadas con las competencias personales-estudiantiles y sociales: interés, autonomía, autovaloración, conexión teoría-prácticas, reflexión y en la satisfacción del estudiantado que participó en el mismo. Estos hallazgos enfatizan la importancia de esta metodología para la adquisición de competencias personales-estudiantiles y sociales del alumnado universitario.