bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Atık Madeni Yağlar ve Yağlı Atıksu Arıtma Yöntemlerine Dair Bir Araştırma
Authors: GÜNEŞ GÜRDAL Ezgi
Published: December 2021

Endüstriyelleşme ile birlikte dünyadaki madeni yağ talebi her geçen gün büyük artış göstermektedir. Bu artış çeşitli kaynaklara göre ortalama olarak yaklaşık 36 milyon ton/yıldır. Artan talep atık yağın artışına sebep olmaktadır ve insan sağlığı ile çevre için önemli bir tehdit oluşturmaktadır. Bu tehdidi önlemek için yağ atıklarının bertarafının kontrollü bir şekilde yapılması gerekmektedir.

Bu çalışmada madeni yağ üretimi, çeşitleri ve yağ içeren atıksuların bertaraf yöntemleri araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen literatür sonuçlarına göre atık yağ ile kirlenmiş suların arıtımında kullanılan en etkili yöntemler elektrokoagülasyon ve membran filtrasyonudur. Membran filtrasyonunda ise membran gözenek çapı azaldıkça arıtım verimi artış göstermiştir. Uygun koagülant seçimi yapılan elektrokoagülasyon yöntemi ve membran filtrasyonunda nanofiltrasyon yada hibrit sistemler kullanıldığında yüzde yüze varan giderim verimleri tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte tek başına uygulanan konvansiyonel yöntemlerin giderim verimleri düşük olarak tespit edilmiştir.
Is the WTO Appellate Body in Limbo? The Roots of the Crisis in the WTO Dispute Settlement Body and the Available Routes Navigating the Quagmire
Authors: Umenze Nnamdi Stanislaus
Published: December 2021

In its over 25 years' history, the dispute settlement mechanism of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has been touted as one of the most active and successful international adjudicatory systems in relation to other international dispute settlement fora. The process in the engagement of the system presents a tripartite structure consisting of consultation, panel and appellate stages, and the enforcement proceedings. The functions of these processes help to promote the trust and confidence of the member states in the WTO trade dispute settlement system. Now the Appellate Body (AB) is paralysed following the incapacitation and consequential suspension of the appellate function of the WTO Dispute Settlement Body (DSB), because of the insufficient membership caused by the United States blockade on the appointment process of AB members. The paper discusses the trajectory of the WTO dispute settlement reform from the GATT regime, the root cause of the suspension of the Appellate Body, and the options available for the disputants in and outside the WTO system. It concludes that the system possesses policy defects if the attitude of a single state can render the AB non-functional and should be transformed when the appellate system is resuscitated.
An assessment of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices skills amongst extension practitioners in South Africa
Authors: Maka L , Ngotho T , Walker S , Ngcamphalala S , Maboa L
Published: December 2021

One of the roles of extension services is to link farmers to the developers of technological solutions (research outputs). Extension officers act as facilitators and assist farmers in their decision-making and technology adaptation. With the changing climate threatening production resources, extension officers need to encourage farmers to adopt various climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices. The paper seeks to reflect on a study by the Agricultural Research Council (ARC) to assess their skills and knowledge about climate change and CSA. The study aimed to conduct a skills audit on CSA and related concepts. Through a stratified sampling method, all extension practitioners (EPs) registered with South African Council for Natural Scientific Professions (SACNASP) were included in the survey. The survey, administered through a user-friendly tool (online google forms), was developed to investigate: familiarity with, and current skills in climate-smart agriculture and collect biographic information, field of responsibility (e.g. cropping, livestock and mixed farming). Both quantitative and qualitative data was sourced through the survey tool to draw generalized conclusion and perceptions of how best to improve the capabilities of EPs on CSA. The results of the survey showed that EPs had a theoretical understanding of climate change and CSA. Generally, EPs across all positions, education levels, age categories and experience could identify the correct definition and cause of climate change, despite the fact that the majority had not received any CSA training. On the contrary, the majority of respondents had little understanding of how best to apply the CSA approach in practice, to assist farmers curb the effects of climate change. A CSA training programme was developed to establish a strong theoretical base, together with an understanding of the challenges presented by climate change and climate variability to sustainable agriculture in South Africa.
Antalya Bölümünde sıcaklık ve yağış indislerinin değişim analizleri
Authors: DURMUŞ Barış , BULUT İhsan , GÖNENÇGİL Barbaros
Published: December 2021

İklim değişiminden en çok etkilenen alanlardan biri olan Akdeniz havzasında, özellikle yaz dönemlerindeküresel ortalamanın üzerinde sıcaklık artışları yaşanmaktadır. Artan sıcaklıklar ile birlikte ekstremhava olaylarının şiddetinde ve sıklığında artışlar meydana gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada, AkdenizBölgesi-Antalya Bölümü için temin edilen istasyon günlük verilerinde, 1980-2019 yılları arasındakisıcaklık ve yağış ekstremlerinde meydana gelen değişimler incelenmiştir. RH test ile homojenliktekikırılma tarihleri tespit edilen sıcaklık ve yağış verilerine, WMO ve CLIVAR’ın belirlediği iklimindislerinden 17 sıcaklık ve 6 yağış indisi uygulanmıştır. Ekstrem değerlerdeki eğilimler, parametrikolmayan Kendall temelli Sen Eğilim testi ile belirlenmiş ve analizler, R tabanlı ClimPACT yazılımı ileincelenmiştir. Yıllık bazda incelenen iklim indislerindeki değişim gün, derece, yüzde, mm, mm/günve olay cinsinden değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; bölge iklimindeki kırılma tarihleri1990 ve 2010’ların ilk yıllarında meydana gelmiş; maksimum sıcaklık ortalama değerleri genelolarak 2.4 °C artarken, minimum sıcaklık ortalaması özellikle Alanya ve Fethiye gibi kıyı kesimlerde4°C artmıştır. Bölgedeki donlu ve buzlu günler azalma eğilimindeyken, tarımsal açıdan önemli olangelişme sezonu uzunluğu artış eğilimi göstermiştir. Yağış ekstremleri açısından Teke yarımadasının,Akdeniz’e bakan kıyı (özellikle Demre) ve yüksek kesimlerinde (Elmalı) anlamlı artış eğilimleri belirlenirken,toplam yağışa en fazla katkıyı uç yağış değerlerinin sağladığı tespit edilmiştir. Bölgedekiyerleşme, tarımsal alanlar ve su kaynakları üzerinde oldukça etkili olan bu değişimler, gerekli adaptasyonve altyapı çalışmalarının yapılmasını zorunlu kılmıştır.
Theatre as a Platform for Ecological Critique
Authors: Spinozzi Paola , Cao Xuan Thunc Anh
Published: December 2021

This article on ecotheatre with a focus on Vietnam pursues two goals. Firstly, it discusses how theatre can address ecological concerns, utilising ancient cultural sources. Secondly, it focuses on how these concerns are dramatised in the satirical comedy Gặp nhau cuối năm (Year-End Gathering), first broadcast on Vietnamese television in 2003. The main theoretical question is how and whether theatre, and specifically television theatre, can raise awareness of the climate crisis and generate a cultural shift. While addressing the crisis, theatre does not necessarily aim at breaking conventions. It can play with rhetorical strategies to convey the complexity of the interactions between humans and nature. It can stimulate internalist factors and intrinsic motivations leading to individual or collective social and political action. Gặp nhau cuối năm is a rewriting of the legend of the three Kitchen Gods who supervise every household and present their report to the Jade Emperor, the ruler of the world. Using satire and parody to convey praise and critique, the play stimulates reflection on the social and environmental crisis and occasional indifference of the Gods. Considering the impact that the TV has on public opinion in Vietnam and the popularity reached by Gặp nhau cuối năm, it becomes clear that theatre encapsulating entertainment and critique can respond to environmental concerns, stimulate ecological thought and generate change
Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 variant mutations (HV69-70, E484K/N501Y,del156-157/R158G, and Del143-145) in settled solids using digital RT-PCR v3
Authors: Hughes Bridgette , J. White Bradley , K. Wolfe Marlene , Wigginton Krista , B B Boehm Alexandria
Published: December 2021

This process instruction describes the steps for quantitative analysis of nucleic acid from SARS-CoV-2 with a triplex Reverse Transcriptase droplet digital Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-ddPCR) assay targeting the N Gene, S Gene and 3 mutation assays (one each for HV69-70, E484K/N501Y, del156-157/R158G, and Del143-145) in extracted and purified RNA samples from solid wastewater samples for population level SARS-CoV-2 community surveillance. RT-ddPCR is a modified version of conventional RT-PCR workflows which involves separating the reaction mixture into many partitions (~20,000) before thermal cycling which allows for direct absolute quantification of the target RNA molecules. Future protocols will be published that are complementary to this one and describe assays targeting additional SARS-CoV-2 mutations. This protocol uses RNA extracted using this protocol: High Throughput RNA Extraction and PCR Inhibitor Removal of Settled Solids for Wastewater Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. That RNA is generated from samples subjected to pre-analytical steps outlined in: High Throughput pre-analytical processing of wastewater settled solids for SARS-CoV-2 RNA analyses. It is recommended that these assays be run along assays for PMMoV and BCoV as controls as described in the companion protocol High Throughput SARS-COV-2, PMMOV, and BCoV quantification in settled solids using digital RT-PCR The readout of this assay is a concentration of each target in the extracted RNA samples (copies/µL). Scope This process instruction applies to quantitative analysis of nucleic acid from SARS-CoV-2 RNA from solid wastewater samples with ddPCR using a Bio-Rad AutoDG Droplet Digital PCR system consisting of the AutoDG Automated Droplet Generator and the QX200 droplet reader.
Role of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in feto-placental and maternal circulation
Authors: Polyanin A. A. , Kogan I. J.
Published: December 2021

ANPwas measured in maternal cubital vein (M), umbilical vein (UV) and artery (UA) in 39 women at term delivery (23 vaginal, 16 caesarean): 15 - normal pregnancy; 24 pregnancies were complicated by placental insufficiency, 14 - by preeclampsia, 10 - by diabetes mellitus. Blood gases and pH in UA, UV were measured.

M, UA, UV ANPat caesarean section was similar to that in vaginal delivery (p0,05). In normal and complicated pregnancies, UA ANPwas significantly higher than ANPin M and UV. In pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus, UV ANPwas higher than ANPin UA (21, 93 fmol/l and 13, 03 fmol/l). In pregnancies complicated by acute placental insufficiency, UV ANPwas significantly lower than that in UA in normal pregnancy (p0,001). There is positive correlation between ANPconcentration and pH in UV.

Fetus is capable of ANPproduction. ANPmay be synthesized in the placenta.

Fetal hypoxia appears to be a potent stimulus for elevating of ANPplasma concentration.
Comparative estimation of phytoestrogens and natural estrogens efficiency while using as substitute therapy in patients with climacteric syndrome
Authors: Vishnevsky A. S. , Safronnikova N. R. , Nurmukhamedov A. I. , Yusupova I. S. , Igamberdieva N. B. , Kandiletu A. Y.
Published: December 2021

In comparative aspect the clinical efficiency of natural estrogen - 17 - - estradiol and phytoestrogens for elimination of climacteric syndrome and age hyperlipoidemia appearing was studied.

Climadinon can be considered as alternative classic substitute therapy preparation for the treatment of vasovegetal disorders within climacteric syndrome. The absence of side effects allows recommend this preparation on the first stage of patients treatment. Should the phytoestrogens effect became weaker, on the second hormonotherapy stage it is possible to obtain the disorders compensation by means of prescribing preparations, containing natural estrogens.
Importance of transcervical myomectomy in pre- & postmenopausal patients.
Authors: Kappusheva L. M. , Bansova В. I. , Anisimova S. A. , Golova J. A.
Published: December 2021

Evaluation of the importance of hysteroscopical transcervical myomectomy in pre- postmenopausal patients with submucous myoma.

Mechanical myomectomy was performed mostly in patients with submucous myoma of 0 type, as a single-moment operation, but with a short hospital stay. Electrosurgical myomectomy was preferable in patients with submucous myoma with greater intramural component, smaller in size, localized in difficult to reach areas, where the mechanical technique was impossible. 71,1% of the patients after transcervical myomectomy had positive clinical effect concerning uterine bleeding, and 94, 7% of the patients enrolled in the study, could escape the hysterectomy.
Neuroendocrinal disturbances of menstrual cycle
Authors: Zelenina N. V. , Dolgov G. V. , Iliyn A. V.
Published: December 2021

Contemporary concepts concerning etiology, pathogenesis and therapy principles of neuroendocrinal disturbancies are reflected in this lecture.
MUÂZ B. CEBEL VE EĞİTİMCİLİĞİ
Authors: SAYAN Yunus Emre
Published: December 2021

Rahmân’ın son elçisinin eğitiminden geçen sahâbîler, İslâm mirasını aktarmaları yanında pek çok alanda ortaya koydukları özel gayretlerle de öne çıkmışlardır. Sahâbîlerin din eğitim-öğretimi alanında ortaya koydukları tecrübeden faydalanmak, çağın her dönemindeki Din Eğitimcileri için farklı açılımlar kazandırabilir. Pek çok ilmi sahada adından söz ettirmesi yanında Muâz b. Cebel, özellikle din eğitim-öğretim alanında başarılı uygulamaları, manevi rehberliği ile öne çıkan sahabilerden biri olmuştur. Dokümantasyon yöntemi ile hazırlanan bu çalışmada Muâz b. Cebel’in, kısa ömrüne rağmen Ashab-ı Suffe’nin seçkin öğretmenleri arasına girmesi, başarılı ve iyi bir eğitimci olmasının kodları, eğitimci özellikleri, Din Eğitimi noktasında uyguladığı metotlar, öncü ve örnek uygulamalar, stratejiler ana hatlarıyla ele alınmıştır. Yapılan inceleme sonrası, Muâz b. Cebel’in, Din Eğitimi konusunda, önemli çalışmalara imza attığı, günümüz din eğitimcilerine önemli örneklikleri olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients with coronary heart disease worsens long-term prognosis after percutaneous coronary interventions
Authors: Zafiraki V. K. , Kosmacheva E. D. , Mirzaev S. G. , Shulzhenko L. V. , Ramazanov J. M. , Omarov A. A. , Imetova Zh. B. , Pershukov I. V.
Published: December 2021

Aim    To evaluate the incidence rate of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACVE) in the long-term following percutaneous coronary interventions (PCCI) in patients with acute and chronic ischemic heart disease (IHD) and the contribution of concurrent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to the long-term prediction.Material and methods    This prospective cohort study included 254 patients with IHD and concurrent COPD and 392 patients with IHD without COPD. PCCI was performed in all patients: for acute coronary syndrome in 295 patients and for chronic IHD in 351 patients. The follow-up period lasted for up to 36 months. The outcome was a composite endpoint, MACVE, that included cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, repeated unscheduled myocardial revascularization (MR), and the time to the event.Results    The age-standardized incidence of MACVE in patients with IHD and COPD was 31.5 vs. 23.2 % in patients with IHD without concurrent COPD (p=0.025), primarily due to an increased frequency of repeated unscheduled MR (20.5 vs. 14.0 %, p=0.041), which was associated with earlier occurrence of adverse events (p<0.001). Repeated unscheduled MR was more frequently performed in patients with moderate COPD; the frequency of MR decreased with increasing severity of COPD, whereas the total incidence of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and stroke was the highest in patients with severe and very severe COPD.Conclusion    The presence of concurrent COPD increases the relative risk of MACVE 1.36 times (95 % confidence interval: 1.05–1.75) and facilitates their earlier development. Repeated unscheduled MR makes the major contribution to the increase in the total risk (relative risk, 1.46; 95 % confidence interval: 1.03–2.06). The increase in severity of COPD is associated with the increase in total frequency of MACVE (p=0.005).
Cardioprotective potential of chronopharmacotherapy in patients with arterial hypertension who had a transient ischemic attack
Authors: Opolskaya S. V. , Skibitsky V. V. , Fendrikova A. V. , Zabolotskich T. B. , Skibitsky . A. V.
Published: December 2021

Aim    Analysis of the cardioprotective effectivity of chronopharmacotherapy in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) after transient ischemic attack (TIA).Material and methods    174 patients with AH and TIA were evaluated. All patients were randomized to three groups based on the dosing schedule of chronopharmacotherapy: group 1 (n=59), patients receiving indapamide retard 1.5 mg and valsartan 160 mg, both in the morning; group 2 (n=58), indapamide retard 1.5 mg in the morning and valsartan 160 mg in the evening; group 3 (n=57), indapamide retard 1.5 mg in the morning and valsartan 80 mg in the morning and evening. Echocardiography (EchoCG) (ALOKA SSD 2500, Japan) was performed for all patients at baseline and at 12 months of the treatment. Statistical analysis of results was performed with the Statistica 12.0 (StatSoftInc, USA) software.Results    Before the treatment, EchoCG parameters did not significantly differ between the patient groups. After 12 months of the treatment, positive changes in the end-systolic dimension (ESD), interventricular septal thickness (IVST), thickness of the left ventricular posterior wall (TLVPW), LV myocardial mass (LVMM), LVMM index (LVMMI), ejection fraction (EF), ratio of transmitral early peak flow velocity and late filling flow velocity (E/A), and isovolumetric velocity relaxation time (IVRT) were more pronounced in the group of sartan evening dosing (group 2) than in the group of sartan single morning dosing (group 1) (p<0.05). In group 3, the changes in ESD, IVST, TLVPW, LVMM, LVMMI, EF, E/A ratio, deceleration time (DT) of LV, and IVRT were significantly greater than those in group 1, whereas the dynamics of ESD, IVST, TLVPW, LVMM, LVMMI, E/A ratio, and DT were better in group 3 than in group 2 (p<0.05). In addition, a significantly greater number of patients with normalized LV geometry was registered in group 3 compared to groups 1 and 2 (p<0.05). The number of patients with normal LV diastolic function after the treatment was also significantly greater in group 3 than in group 1 (p<0.05) and comparable with group 2.Conclusion    The morning dosing of indapamide retard and the b.i.d. dosing of valsartan provided more pronounced beneficial changes in major EcoCG indexes and improvement of LV geometry and diastolic function than the sartan single dosing only in the morning or evening in combination with the diuretic.
Domestic Hot Water Consumption Profiles Applied to a Flat Tubular Collector for Solar Water Heating in Bogotá
Authors: Avila Carraznza Juan Andres , Rocha Carlos Mario , Solis Chavez Juan Sebastian
Published: December 2021

The use of Flat Solar Collectors for the generation of Domestic Hot Water (DHW), facilitates access to this resource in an efficient, economical and sustainable way. The Sustainable Development Goals proposed by the UN, referring specifically to sustainable water management and access to renewable energy, are the main motivation for this work, since the former is an essential vital resource and its access reduces the inequality index, in developing countries such as Colombia, while the use of solar thermal energy reduces the environmental impact of the water heating process, thus reducing the consumption of electrical energy in the residential sector. Therefore, this work proposes to estimate DHW profiles through a spreadsheet that models the DHW flow thermodynamically for a whole year, making it possible to evaluate the energy performance of a Solar Collector available in the Colombian market and that is used in four types of dwellings located in the city of Bogotá. The simulation results present the DHW consumption profiles in kg/h per year, with DHW temperatures of up to 21°C, for a total transmitted irradiance of the order of 1100 W/m^2, which produces thermal energy close to 1kW. This comparative analysis allows us to review the technical and economic feasibility of solar collectors installed in single-family homes and with a DHW consumption profile close to the Colombian socio-economic reality
LITERATURA E HUMANIZAÇÃO EM ANTONIO CANDIDO
Authors: Rego Jefferson Silva do
Published: December 2021

Muitas pesquisas apontam para a precariedade do ensino de literatura na educação básica. A partir de A literatura e a formação do homem (1972), de Antonio Candido, pretende-se discutir o processo de humanização causado pela apreciação da literatura. Especificamente, objetiva-se avaliar se tal texto pode fazer sentido para aqueles que ensinam literatura no ensino básico do Brasil contemporâneo.
APONTAMENTOS CRÍTICOS SOBRE A PAIXÃO SEGUNDO G.H., DE CLARICE LISPECTOR
Authors: Teixeira Átila , Oliveira Letícia Cardoso de
Published: December 2021

Este breve trabalho tem como objetivo apontar importantes críticas literárias construídas sobre as primeiras obras de Clarice Lispector e sobre o romance A Paixão Segundo G.H., tendo como principal aporte os estudos de Benedito Nunes. Desde o primeiro momento, destaca-se a importância de questões ligadas ao existencialismo e à condição humana. De uma forma geral, podese concluir que há tanto as pesquisas de Nunes como as de outros importantes críticos um direcionamento para uma relação entre linguagem e ser, corroborada pela experiência limite de G.H. que vive sua Paixão oposta à Paixão do próprio Cristo, em uma travessia que a impele a refazer a sua própria existência.
Painéis fotovoltaicos em um conjunto de edificações popular em Campinas: Viabilidade econômica e social
Authors: Rosa Maria Thereza Moraes Gomes , Ciesla Juliana Souza , De Gouvêa Tvrzská , Junior Marcos Valério de Castro , Filho Jorge Luiz Paixão , Guimarães Daniela Helena Pelegrine
Published: December 2021

O Brasil possui uma alta capacidade energética que favorece os sistemas fotovoltaicos. Este estudo apresenta uma análise econômica, utilizando o software HomerPro, para a instalação de painéis fotovoltaicos conectados à rede em um conjunto de edificações popular na cidade de Campinas. A análise social foi realizada para verificar a popularidade e o interesse em aderir esta tecnologia. Os resultados obtidos foram positivos na aplicabilidade do projeto interligado à rede elétrica e na aceitação do projeto.
Decapod crustaceans from the lower Miocene Qom Formation of the Isfahan area, Central Iran
Authors: Hyžný Matúš , Bahrami Ali , Yazdi Mehdi , Torabi Hossein
Published: December 2021

From the lower Miocene (Burdigalian) of the Qom Formation, exposed in three sections (Kuh-e-Donbeh, Bagher-Abad, and Vartun) in Central Iran, a deca-pod crustacean assemblage is described. The specimens exhibit two modes of preservation: carapaces (either isolated or with attached appendages) and isolated cheliped elements. All studied specimens are fractured and/or eroded. Based on this moderately preserved material, three brachyuran crab taxa are identified, including Mursia cf. lienharti (Bachmayer, 1962), Palaeocarpilius rugifer Stoliczka, 1871, and Necronectes sp. The occurrence of P. rugifer represents the youngest confirmed occurrence of the species, whereas other two taxa represent the first confirmed Iranian occurrences of respec-tive genera. This report enriches our knowledge on Miocene decapod assemblages of Iran, and thus helping to better understand the decapod migratory patterns along the Tethyan Sea-way.
Primer registro fósil de Parasitengona (Acari: Prostigmata) del ámbar mexicano, con una descripción de un nuevo género y especie para la familia Johnstonianidae Thor, 1935
Authors: Rivas Gerardo , Vega Francisco J.
Published: December 2021

Se describe Palaeodiplothrombidium microscutum gen, et sp. nov. a partir de un adulto y una deutoninfa preservados en ámbar del Mioceno inferior de Chiapas, México. Este taxón nuevo de ácaro es el primer registro de la Cohorte Parasitengona (Acari: Trombidiformes: Prostigmata) para un yacimiento de ámbar dentro de México y también el primer registro fósil de la familia Johnstonianidae a nivel mundial.
New nephropid lobster (Decapoda: Astacidea) from the late Campanian of California; extending the range of Pacific coastal fossil lobster occurrences
Authors: Feldmann Rodney M. , Schweitzer Carrie E.
Published: December 2021

Two well preserved specimens of nephropid lobster from the Late Cretaceous (late Campanian) Point Loma Formation in San Diego County, California, form the basis of description of a new species of Hoploparia. The occurrence represents the southernmost fossil record of macrurans along the Pacific coast of North America and it is only the third fossil lobster from California.
Pseudonecrocarcinus eichhorni n. sp. (Brachyura, Raninoida, Paranecrocarcinidae) from the Late Cretaceous (Coniacian) of Montana (USA)
Authors: Nyborg Torrey , Garassino Alessandro , Pasini Gianni , Vega Francisco J.
Published: December 2021

The new species, Pseudonecrocarcinus eichhorni (Paranecrocarcinidae Fraaije, Van Bakel, Jagt and Artal, 2008) from the Late Cretaceous (Coniacian) of Montana is herein described. This new species represents the second report for the genus from the Late Cretaceous of USA.
A new cyclodorippid crab, Berglundus bretoni n. gen., n. sp. (Decapoda, Cyclodorippidae) from the Notheastern Pacific, USA
Authors: Nyborg Torrey , Garassino Alessandro , Nyborg Brant , Vega Francisco J.
Published: December 2021

A new cyclodorippid crab, Berglundus bretoni n. gen., n. sp. (Cyclodorippidae Ortmann, 1892) from the Astoria Formation (early to middle Miocene) of Washington State is herein described. It represents the fourth genus of cyclodorippids in North America, keeping the stratigraphic range and the palaeogeographic distribution of the Cyclodorippidae unchanged.
First record of a homolid crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Homoloidea) from the early Eocene of the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Ferratges Fernando A. , Domínguez José Luis , Ossó Àlex
Published: December 2021

We describe a new species of homolid crab from the Ypresian (early Eocene) Roda Formation of Huesca province (Aragon, Spain). In spite of the fragmentary condition of the sole specimen, some preserved frontal elements, and in particular the complete left cheliped, allow inclusion it within the genus Paromola Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason and Alcock, 1891, based on morphological similarities with the extant species of this genus. Direct comparison with specimens of the extant Paromola cuvieri (Risso, 1815) confirms this systematic assignment. Paromola bretoni n. sp. is the first homolid reported in the Cenozoic of the Iberian Peninsula, and expands the rich decapod fossil record of the Eocene basins of southern Pyrenees.
A tribute to Gérard Breton (1944-2020)
Authors: Guinot Danièle , Garassino Alessandro , Vega Francisco J.
Published: December 2021

Gérard Breton, born in Le Havre on 20 April 1944, brilliant scientist of international stature, associate paleontologist at Géosciences Rennes for many years, passed away on 3 April 2020. This special issue is dedicated to him as a tribute to his work and mastery, with a compilation of papers on some topics related to his ample research experience.
Experimental Determination and Modeling of the Moisture-Sorption Isotherms and Isosteric Heat of Tobacco Leaves
Authors: Meriama Foullanine , Said Bennaceur , Akil Loumani , Ahmed Mediani , Houcine Moungar , Abdelkrim Djaber , Cherif Tigani , Amine Larbi Ahmed , Belkacem Draoui
Published: December 2021

During a forced convection sun drying and storage operation, the equilibrium water content of a product to be dried is critical. These figures are frequently derived using isothermal sorption curves. The calculation of isotherms is a necessary step in determining the distribution and intensity of water connections in products. for that this paper concentrates on the experimental determination of the adsorption-desorption isotherms for various temperatures (40, 50, and 60℃) of the Nicotiana Tabacum L plants. From which we had established the relationship between the water activity and the water content in the product. However, the aforementioned determination was carried out by the static gravimetric method. Eight saturated salt solutions have been utilized in applications such as (KOH, KCl, MgCl2, MgNO3, K2CO3, BaCl2, K2SO4, and NaCl). Hygroscopic equilibrium was completed after 13 days for temperature 40℃, 11 days for 50℃, and 9 days for 60℃. The overall experimental sorption curves are summarized by six models (HENDERSON, modified HALSEY, OSWIN, GAB, modified BET, and PELEG). The sorption isotherms built using the Clausius–Clapeyron equation were used to determine the net isosteric temperatures of desorption and adsorption of Nicotiana Tabacum L. The results for the adsorption-desorption isotherms found are type III according to IUAPC. Following the smoothing of the experimental results by different used models, it was found that the models of GAB and Peleg allow having the lowest mean relative errors and correlation coefficient.
Характеристика фауны и комплексов жуков-фитофагов (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea, Curculionoidea) шихана Куштау (Ишимбайский район Республики Башкортостан)
Authors: Дедюхин С.В.
Published: December 2021

В статье приведены сведения о видовом составе и дана общая характеристика фауны жуков- фитофагов надсемейств Chrysomeloidea и Curculionoidea шихана Куштау. Это один из трех Стерлитамакских шиханов – уникальных природных объектов Республики Башкортостан, представляющих собой известняковые палеорифы. Установлено очень высокое видовое разнообразие листоедообразных и долгоносикообразных жуков на Куштау (282 вида из 9 семейств – 23.5 % от всей фауны этих групп лесостепной зоны Поволжья и Предуралья). Оригинальность фауны Куштау подчеркивается невысокими коэффициентами сходства Жаккара с фаунами шиханов Юрактау (0.63) и Тратау (0.58). При этом 30 видов жуков, зарегистрированных на Куштау, не известны на других шиханах. Среди биотопических комплексов жуков-фитофагов особенно богаты комплексы растительноядных жуков степных биотопов, в которых сконцентрировано 70 % видового состава фауны Куштау (197 видов). В степях же (особенно петрофитных) сконцентрировано наибольшее число реликтовых видов. В лесах Куштау зарегистрировано 73 вида жуков-фитофагов (25.6 % фауны), высокую долю в которых составляют неморальные виды, на восточных границах ареалов. Данные, представленные в статье, подчеркивают уникальность этого природного объекта и необходимость его сохранения.
Морфобиологические особенности канн в условиях Каршинского оазиса
Authors: Саматова Ш.А.
Published: December 2021

В статье приводятся результаты исследования по влиянию температуры и относительной влажности воздуха на морфобиологические особенности сортов канн при интродукции в аридные условия Каршинского оазиса Республики Узбекистан. В 2016–2018 гг. стандартными методами исследовали морфобиологические показатели двух сортов канн: ‘America’ и ‘Louise von Ratibor’. Установлено, что с повышением температуры у изученных сортов снижалась максимальная высота растений, уменьшалось общее количество образовавшихся побегов и число цветущих побегов, количество цветков на растении и почек, образовавшихся к концу вегетации. У обоих сортов резко увеличивалось среднее число почек на растении. Установлены сортовые особенности цветения в наиболее жарком 2018 г.
Материалы к фауне жесткокрылых (Insecta: Coleoptera) нидоценозов птиц
Authors: Сажнев А.С. , Матюхин А.В.
Published: December 2021

Разработана и представлена типизация нидоценозов птиц по трем основным критериям: пространственный (топологический), временной и биологический. На основе пространственной характеристики (в рамках исследования) было выделено 3 группы нидоценозов: терральные, субтерральные и супратеральные гнезда; нa основе временной – однолетние и многолетние гнезда. В разнотипных нидоценозах 21 вида птиц отмечено 43 вида жесткокрылых насекомых из 19 семейств. На основе пространственного и временного критерия нидоценозы разделены на группы. Среди жуков выделены виды, относящиеся к следующим экологическим группировкам: облигатные нидиколы – ботробионты (Haploglossa nidicola и Saprinus rugifer), факультативные нидиколы – ботрофилы и случайные в гнездах виды – ботроксены. Зарегистрированы новые случаи непреднамеренной форезии имаго жесткокрылых на птицах (Ptinus villiger на Luscinia svecica, Cartodere constricta на Luscinia luscinia, Melanophthalma suturalis на Chroicocephalus ridibundus и Limodromus assimilis на Parus major).
Состав фауны и биотопическое распределение долгоносикообразных жуков (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea) заповедника Шайтан-тау
Authors: Дедюхин С.В. , Филимонов Р.В.
Published: December 2021

Состав фауны и биотопическое распределение долгоносикообразных жуков (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea) заповедника Шайтан-тау В статье впервые приведены сведения о видовом составе и дана общая характеристика фауны жуков надсемейства Curculionoidea государственного заповедника «Шайтан-Тау», расположенного на юго- восточной оконечности дубравной лесостепи низкогорий Южного Урала. В результате исследований было выявлено 288 видов долгоносикообразных жуков из 6 семейств. Из них 79 видов впервые указываются для фауны Оренбургской области, а западнопалеарктический вид Magdalis caucasica (Tournier, 1872) впервые обнаружен на Урале. Фауну долгоносиков заповедника отличают неоднородная зоогеографическая структура и контрастное сочетание низкогорных лесостепных, петрофитностепных и пойменных комплексов, каждый из которых характеризуется высоким видовым богатством и содержит группы видов (неморальных, бореальных, степных), находящихся здесь на границах своих ареалов. В частности, это виды, тесно связанные с дубом (Attelabus nitens, Gasterocercus depressirostris, Curculio glandium, C. venosus, Archarius pyrrhoceras, Orchestes hortorum). Данные, представленные в статье, подтверждают обоснованность проведения по хребту Шайтан-Тау ряда биогеографических границ и подчеркивают важное значение заповедника для сохранения своеобразных природных комплексов Уральской горной страны.
Список мух-кровососок (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) Среднего и Нижнего Поволжья
Authors: Кондратьев Евгений Николаевич , Аникин Василий Викторович
Published: December 2021

В статье приведены новые сведения о фауне мух-кровососок Среднего и Нижнего Поволжья. Материал собран на территории Республики Татарстан (2018) и Саратовской области (2014, 2016– 2018, 2020). На основании литературных данных и личных сборов показано, что фауна мух- кровососок представлена не менее чем 10 видами: Crataerina pallida (Olivier in Latreille, 1811), Icosta ardeae (Macquart, 1835), Olfersia fumipennis (Sahlberg, 1886), O. spinifera (?) (Leach, 1817), Ornithoica turdi (Olivier in Latreille, 1811), Ornithomya avicularia Linnaeus, 1758, O. chloropus Bergroth, 1901, O. fringillina Curtis, 1836, Ornithophila metallica (Schiner, 1864), Lipoptena cervi (Linnaeus,1758), Melophagus ovinus (?) (Linnaeus,1758). Впервые для территории Среднего Поволжья приводится C. pallida, для Нижнего Поволжья – O. avicularia, для Среднего и Нижнего Поволжья – L. cervi.
О проблеме сопряженного анализа онтогенеза дерева и динамики эпифитного мохово-лишайникового покрова
Authors: Жукова Людмила Алексеевна , Нотов Александр Александрович
Published: December 2021

В статье рассматривается проблема сопряженного анализа онтогенеза дерева и динамики эпифитного мохово-лишайникового покрова (ЭМЛП). На примере Pinus sylvestris показано, что происходящие в ходе онтогенеза структурные изменения способствуют увеличению разнообразия потенциальных микрониш. На более поздних этапах онтогенеза в состав ЭМЛП могут включаться эпигейные и эпиксильные виды, а приствольное возвышение обеспечивает тесную связь с напочвенным покровом. Актуально продолжение подобных исследований для других древесных пород. Их результаты будут способствовать более глубокому пониманию механизмов поддержания устойчивости лесных фитоценозов и сохранению наиболее уязвимых компонентов их биоразнообразия.
Buena fe y onerosidad sobrevenida en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Gambino Francesco
Published: December 2021

No cabe duda de que la buena fe desempeña un papel fundamental en el derecho de contratos moderno; sin embargo, su campo de acción y por ende el papel del juez parecen variar según la apertura del sistema de fuentes del ordenamiento en que se pretende aplicar. Así, el ejemplo de las soluciones que se ofrecen frente al fenómeno de la excesiva onerosidad sobrevenida, y en particular en tiempos de pandemia, muestra cómo ellas varían de un ordenamiento a otro según la posibilidad del juez de recurrir a la equidad para fundar su decisión.
Frontline Response to High Impact Domestic Violence in Germany
Authors: Giljohann Stefanie , Vogt Catharina , Sondern Lisa , Juszczyk Paulina , Kersten Joachim , Pfleiderer Bettina
Published: December 2021

With a total of 141,792 incidents in 2019, domestic violence is a serious problem throughout Germany. The country chapter provides an overview of crime statistics and results from victim studies and a cost study. Concerning legislation, there have been two major waves improving victim protection in recent times, initiated by implementing the Act on Protection against Violence in 2002 and the ratification of the Istanbul Convention in 2018. An ongoing trend towards interagency cooperation and setting up coordination bodies can be noted in the social sector, also incorporating law enforcement agencies and medical institutions. After delineating the scope of responsibilities of front-line responders in the police, medical, and social sectors, the country chapter describes examples of good practices for interagency cooperation. The country chapter concludes with the main challenges to be anticipated in combatting domestic violence. The three main objectives identified are minimising unreported cases, expanding the scope of interventions, and improving victim protection in the short and medium-term. In the long term, the implementation of policies and standards will be vital to evaluate and improve prevention and protection measures to assure a high and nationwide comparable quality standard.
Frontline Response to High Impact Domestic Violence in Hungary
Authors: Héra Gábor , Szegő Dóra
Published: December 2021

The first part of the chapter describes the legalisation of domestic violence. The Criminal Code criminalises domestic violence, including several areas of domestic violence such as emotional, physical, economic, and sexual violence. Two main limitations are that the Criminal Code does not sanction verbal abuse, and the police are obliged to file a criminal complaint ex officio only if domestic violence involves serious physical injuries. In all other cases, it is upon the request of the victim to file a criminal complaint against the offender. The second part of the chapter describes the roles of the different front-line agencies in responding to domestic violence; the police, the Child Protection Perceiving and Reporting System, the Guardianship office, the family support and child welfare services and the different NGO's that operate crisis management and different helplines. The next part of the chapter introduces the work of the National Crisis Telephone Helpline as a good practice of cooperation between stakeholders that helps victims of domestic violence and human trafficking through a free of charge telephone line. The last part shows the main challenges and shortcomings characterising the handling of domestic violence in Hungary
Frontline Responses to Domestic Abuse in Scotland
Authors: Friskney Ruth , Brooks-Hay Oona , Burman Michele
Published: December 2021

Scotland's progress in tackling domestic abuse is recognised for the gendered analysis which underpins it. This gendered analysis recognises structural gender inequalities as the context in which domestic abuse occurs, enabling more effective targeting of resources for prevention and response. The Domestic Abuse (Scotland) Act 2018, described as a 'gold standard' in legislation to tackle domestic abuse, draws on the gendered concept of coercive control. The Act seeks to recognise in law the nature of domestic abuse not as isolated incidents but rather as an ongoing exercise of power and control by the perpetrator, using various tactics. In this chapter, we describe what is known about domestic abuse in Scotland, the strengths and weaknesses of different data sources in capturing the gendered nature of domestic abuse and the reality of how victimsurvivors experience it. We consider the multi-agency structures, in particular Multi-Agency Risk Assessment Conferences and Multi-Agency Tasking and Coordinating groups, which support Scotland's partnership approach in the front-line response to domestic abuse, recognising the crucial role of feminist third sector agencies alongside statutory agencies such as police, health, social work, and housing.
Inter-Agency Cooperation and Coordination
Authors: Delpeuch Thierry , Bonnet François
Published: December 2021

In the past, the feminist movement exposed a sexist police culture as the main cause for police apathy in the face of domestic violence. This critique led to an ongoing transformation of police organisations. This transformation is composed of two main processes. The first process is a movement to constrain police activity, force police officers to take domestic violence seriously by enacting laws and rules that aim to reduce police officers' discretion. The second process also aims at transforming police activity, not by constraining it, but by improving the skills of police officers and making them work in partnerships with other stakeholders from medical or social service professions in the best interest of the victim. These partnerships may be within the police organisations or between the police and other stakeholders — typically social workers, magistrates, social housing representatives, NGOs, city administrators, etc. This chapter focuses on this second transformation process and aims at drawing comparative lessons from case studies in eight countries to document the characteristics of a "good partnership" against domestic violence.
Risk-Assessment and Victim-Support Recommendations During the COVID-19-related Lockdowns
Authors: Kersten Joachim , Vogt Catharina , Burman Michele , Houtsonen Jarmo , Leonhardmair Norbert , Herbinger Paul
Published: December 2021

This chapter covers the effects of the COVID-19 crisis on the incidence and severity of domestic abuse cases in Europe. First, the manifestation of the COVID-19 lockdown and its adverse effects on private life are described. Building upon this description, co-occurring risks factors with a high potential to initiate or intensify domestic abuse (e.g., cramped living conditions) are discussed. Responding to various calls on investigating the impact of COVID-19 on domestic abuse incidents, IMPRODOVA research on the first lockdown shows that the related concerns for various reasons are inconsistently reflected in domestic abuse-related statistics. In some IMPRODOVA partner countries, however, victimisation numbers went up, after the lockdown ended. Consequently, the complexity of detecting domestic abuse cases during lockdowns are discussed. In line with the strong concern about intensified victimisation, innovative responses by front-line professionals to detect and manage domestic violence and abuse cases are presented. Building on the beforehand presented assumptions, findings and explanations, the chapter closes by highlighting eighteen recommendations regarding risk assessment and victim support during pandemics.
Between Enslavement and Liberation. Narratives of Belonging from Two Farm Workers in Rural South Africa
Authors: Coetzee Jan K. , Rau Asta
Published: December 2021

More than two decades after the genesis of South Africa’s aspirational democracy in 1994, deep-seated forms of inequality still exist. These are explored in the narratives of two farm workers who tell of events and experiences in their everyday lives. In probing the everyday, we turn the spotlight on phenomena, events, and experiences that are simultaneously familiar yet perplexing, taken-for-granted yet questionable, tangible yet elusive. As a backdrop to the sociology of the everyday, key ideas from three social theorists — Randall Collins, Jeffrey Alexander, and Vanessa May —  guide our interpretation of excerpts from the farm workers’ narratives. The farm workers’ stories are also juxtaposed with reflections on the socio-political, economic, and emotional contexts of slavery and serfdom.
Experiencing Boundaries: Basotho Migrant Perspectives on the Lesotho-South Africa Border
Authors: Kelly Melissa , Moletsane Malilimala , Coetzee Jan K.
Published: December 2021

The Lesotho-South Africa border is regarded as highly porous with many Basotho migrants seizing work and educational opportunities in South Africa, while simultaneously maintaining strong ties to family members, businesses, and land in Lesotho. The fact that Sesotho is spoken on both sides of the border is one of the particular factors that has made it possible for people to move back and forth with relative ease. The border nevertheless remains an important political and socio-cultural barrier in the lives of those crossing it. While some have managed to acquire the permits that enable them to cross the border freely and take up formal work, others occupy a precarious legal status, which limits their housing and employment prospects. Moreover, the lives of all African migrants in South Africa have been affected by growing xenophobic violence in recent years. This has reinforced distinctions between insiders and outsiders, and limited the opportunities migrants have to experience belonging to South African society. Despite these emerging dynamics, the ways in which the border is perceived by migrants — as both a physical barrier between countries and as a social barrier distinguishing peoples — has yet to be explored. Drawing on narrative interviews conducted with Basotho migrants living in Bloemfontein, South Africa in a variety of legal and employment circumstances, this paper aims to highlight the meaning of the border in the migrants’ day-to-day lives.
Study of Combining Ability and Heterosis in Quality Protein Maize using Line x Tester Mating Design
Authors: Subba Vaskar , Nath Anirban , Kundagrami Sabyasachi , Ghosh Amitava
Published: December 2021

Background: High protein content with good quality maize is likely to gain wider acceptance if hybrids are produced that have agronomic performance similar to normal hybrids and retain an enhanced nutritional quality. Thus, an attempt was made to develop quality protein maize hybrids for the benefit of different sections of society depending on maize. Methods: During the Rabi season of 2016-17 (hybrids were obtained crossing ten inbred lines and four testers following Line x Tester mating design) and 2017-18 (evaluation of hybrids and parents involved along with two commercial checks based on different agro-morphological traits). Result: Highly significant differences were observed among lines, testers and crosses. Combining ability revealed SCA variances was higher indicating preponderance of non-additive gene action. The contribution of line x tester interaction was higher suggesting parents used in this study can provide high heterotic cross combinations. The parents CML 508, CML 163-D and CML 169 were superior general combiners, indicating their efficacy as parents in future maize breeding programs. Heterosis identified superior yield advantage of the crosses namely, CML508 x CML154-2, CML170 x CML169 and CML163-D x DMRQPM103 over the standard commercial checks HQPM1 and 900 M Gold.