bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between the tumor lesion spatial distribution shown in PET/CT and the prognosis of patients with DLBCL receiving CAR T cell therapy
Authors: Dang Xiuyong , Li Ping , Zhu Zeyv , Zhang Min , Qian Wenbin , Liang Ai-Bin , Zhang Wenjun
Published: May 2023

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy improved the prognosis of patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) significantly. Bulky disease and disease stage, as qualitative indicators of the spatial characteristic and distribution status of lymphoma lesions, have not been consistently confirmed to be associated with CAR T cell efficacy. Some researchers have proposed the conception of ‘tumor fragmentation’ and ‘lesion dissemination’, and suggested the association between those indicators and the prognosis of patients receiving chemotherapy. In this study, we reviewed and analysed the PET/CT of patients with DLBCL receiving CAR T cell therapy. We qualitatively described the tumor fragmentation using the tumor volume surface ratio (TVSR), which is the ratio of total metabolic tumor volume to total tumor surface, and we semi-quantitatively described the lesion dissemination using dissemination index (DI), which is the count of lesion invasion sites. We found that lower TVSR or lower DI indicates superior progression-free survival (PFS). Taking these two indicators into account at the same time, patients with lower TVSR and DI have the best prognosis, while patients with higher TVSR and DI have the worst. Overall, the tumor lesion spatial distribution shown in PET/CT before CAR T cell infusion are associated with the prognosis of patients with DLBCL receiving CAR T cell therapy. The lower the degree of tumor fragmentation or the higher the degree of lesion dissemination, the worse the prognosis of patients. They can jointly predict the prognosis.
Synphilin-1 as a modulator of aSyn assembly
Authors: Amen Triana , Gerhardt Ellen , Santos Patrícia , Milovanovic Dragomir , Höglinger Günter , Outeiro Tiago F. , Lazaro Diana
Published: May 2023

Alpha-synuclein (aSyn) is an intrinsically disordered protein associated with Parkinson’s disease and other synucleinopathies, where it accumulates in pathognomonic protein inclusions in the brain. However, both the physiological function and the pathological role of aSyn are still elusive. Unlike other proteins also prone to aggregation, expression of aSyn in cell models does not readily result in inclusion formation, and additional insults are required to induce aggregation. In this study, we report for the first time a model that recapitulates the aggregation cascade of aSyn. Our study sheds light on the role of synphilin-1 (Sph1) in aSyn assembly and localization. We show that Sph1 acts as a protein-adaptor for aSyn, and that the coiled-coil domain of Sph1 is essential for inducing inclusion formation. We also demonstrate that the interaction between Sph1 and aSyn can be modulated (genetically, protein levels and heat shock proteins), and that altering the expression levels of each protein affects inclusion size and number per cell. Our study highlights the potential importance of membrane binding for inclusion formation and the presence of lysosomes and AP-1 vesicles in the inclusions. Finally, our study demonstrates that further investigation is necessary to decipher the role of Sph1 and other aSyn-interacting proteins on its biology and pathobiology.
Real-life exposure to Fusarium toxins deoxynivalenol and zearalenone triggers apoptosis and activates NLRP3 inflammasome in bovine primary theca cells.
Authors: Cai Guodong , Guerrero-Netro Hilda Morayma , Bian Jianchun , Oswald Isabelle P , Price Christopher , Alassane-Kpembi Imourana
Published: May 2023

Cattle are deemed less susceptible to mycotoxins due to the limited internal exposure resulting from rumen microbiota activity. However, the significant amounts of Fusarium mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) frequently detected in bovine follicular fluid samples suggest that they could affect ovarian function. Both mycotoxins trigger several patterns of cell death and activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in the intestine. In vitro studies have reported a number of adverse effects on bovine oocytes. However, the biological relevance of such findings with regard to realistic concentrations of DON and ZEN in bovine follicular fluid is still not clear. Hence, it is important to better characterize the effects of dietary exposure to DON and ZEN on the bovine ovary. Using bovine primary theca cells, this study investigated the effects of real-life patterns for bovine ovary exposure to DON and ZEN, but also DON metabolite DOM-1, on cell death and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Exposure to DON starting from 0.1µM significantly decreased theca cell viability. The kinetics of phosphatidylserine translocation and loss of membrane integrity showed that ZEN and DON, but not DOM-1, induce an apoptotic phenotype. qPCR analysis of the expression of NLRP3, PYCARD, IL-1β, IL-18, and GSDMD in primary theca cells at concentrations of mycotoxin previously reported in cow follicular fluid clearly indicated that DON and DOM-1 individually and in mixture, but not ZEN, activate NLRP3 inflammasome. Altogether, these results suggest that current European Union guidance values for DON may not protect the bovine ovary from inflammatory disorders.
Backbone resonance assignments of the C-terminal region of human translation initiation factor eIF4B
Authors: Mondal Somnath , Rousseau Sabrina , Talenton Vincent , Thiam Cheikh Ahmadou Bamba , Aznauryan Mikayel , Mackereth Cameron D.
Published: May 2023

Translation initiation in eukaryotes is an early step in protein synthesis, requiring multiple factors to recruit the ribosomal small subunit to the mRNA 5’ untranslated region. One such protein factor is the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B (eIF4B), which increases the activity of the eIF4A RNA helicase, and is linked to cell survival and proliferation. We report here the protein backbone chemical shift assignments corresponding to the C-terminal 279 residues of human eIF4B. Analysis of the chemical shift values identifies one main helical region in the area previously linked to RNA binding, and confirms that the overall C-terminal region is intrinsically disordered.
Efficacy and safety of long-term repeated use of rituximab in pediatric patients with nephrotic syndrome
Authors: CHOI NAYE , Min Jeesu , Kim Ji Hyun , Kang Hee Gyung , Ahn Yo Han
Published: May 2023

Background
We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of long-term repeated use of Rituximab (RTX) in pediatric patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS).
Methods
Retrospective review of medical records for 50 patients with steroid-dependent NS (SDNS) who had received more than three cycles of RTX was conducted; each consisted of one to four infusions of RTX until B lymphocytes were depleted.
Results
The median age of starting the first RTX cycle was 12.4 years (interquartile ranges (IQR) 10.2–14.6). During a median follow-up period of 6.3 (IQR 3.6–8.6) years, patients received a median of 5.0 RTX cycles (IQR 4.0–7.3). The number of relapses decreased from a median of 2.0 relapses per year (IQR 1.0–3.0) to 0.2 relapses per year (IQR 0.0–0.5) after long-term RTX treatments (P < 0.001). Longer relapse-free periods were associated with more than four RTX cycles, longer B cell depletion, older age at each RTX treatment, and lower cholesterol levels. B lymphocytes recovered to 1% at a median of 5.9 months (95% confidence interval (CI) 5.7–6.1) after RTX administration. Factors related to a longer period of B-cell depletion included more than five RTX cycles, a higher dose of RTX, older age at treatment, and concurrent use of antimetabolites. During repeated RTX treatments, 11%, 6%, and 2% of patients developed hypogammaglobulinemia, severe infection, and severe neutropenia, respectively.
Conclusions
Long-term repeated use of RTX was effective and safe in pediatric NS patients. Furthermore, the redosing of RTX could be chosen by considering predictive factors for relapse-free and B-cell depletion periods.
An ACO-based approach for Software Statistical Structural Testing
Authors: Shi Yang , Song Xiaoyu , Perkowski Marek
Published: May 2023

Statistical structural testing(SST) has been proved to be more effective than random testing and deterministic coverage-driven testing in fault-detecting ability. Automated search is able to automate the input distribution construction process for SST. However, due to the impact of the noisy environment, the existing search algorithm is still ineffective. This article presents a novel statistical search algorithm called constrained ant colony optimization on the real domain (CACOR) for deriving effective input distributions. The input distribution model harnesses a set of weighted uniform distributions over the input domain space, which is enumerated effectively by the constrained ant colony optimization strategies. Experimental studies demonstrate the excellent search performance of the CACOR algorithm and the high-grade fault-detecting ability of the input distributions produced by the CACOR algorithm.
The Association Between Plasma Free Amino Acids and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus complicated with infection in Chinese Patients
Authors: Zhang Jing-Xi , Luo Wei-Ming , Wang Bo-Wen , Li Ru-Tao , Zhang Qian , Zhang Xiang-Yu , Fang Zhong-Ze
Published: May 2023

Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), one of the most common public diseases threatening human health, is always accompanied by infection. Though there are still a variety of flaws in the treatment of some infectious diseases, metabolomics provides a fresh perspective to explore the relationship between T2DM and infection. Our research aimed to investigate the association between plasma free amino acids (PFAAs) and the risk of T2DM complicated with infection in Chinese patients.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2015 to August 2016.We retrieved the medical records of 1032 inpatients with T2DM from Liaoning Medical University First Affiliated Hospital and we used mass spectrometry to quantify 23 PFAAs. Infectious contained 15 individual categories that could be retrieved from the database. Principal component analysis was used to extract factors of PFAAs. Multi-variable binary logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results
Among 1032 inpatients,109 (10.6%) had infectious diseases. Six factors, accounting for 68.6% of the total variance, were extracted. Factor 4 consisted of Glu, Asp and Orn. Factor 5 consisted of Hcy and Pip. After adjusting for potential confounders, factor 4 was positively correlated with increased risk of T2DM complicated with infection in T2DM (OR: 1.26, 95%CI: 1.05–1.52). Individual Hcy in factor 5 was positively associated with T2DM complicated with infection (OR: 1.32, 95%CI: 1.07–1.64). Furthermore, factor 4 (OR: 1.45, 95%CI: 1.12–1.88), Orn (OR: 1.01, 95%CI: 1.00-1.02) and Hcy (OR: 1.57, 95%CI: 1.14–2.15) were positively associated with bacterial infection in Chinese T2DM patients, while factor 5 (OR: 0.69, 95%CI: 0.49–0.99) was negatively associated with bacterial infection.
Conclusions
Urea cycle-related metabolites (Orn, Asp, Glu) and Hcy were positively associated with T2DM complicated with infection in China. Orn and Hcy were positively associated with bacterial infection in T2DM patients in China.
Clinical characteristics of 1124 children with epiphyseal fractures
Authors: deng hansheng , zhao zhenhui , xiong zhu , gao futang , tang shengping , li yuanheng , li weiqing , huang jihuang , cui shuting , chen xiaodi , zeng shuaidan , tang gen , Antonio Sechi Leonardo , Gianfilippo Caggiari , Carlo Doria , qiu xin
Published: May 2023

Background: In this study, to provide a theoretical basis for understanding the clinical characteristics of epiphyseal fractures in children and improving their management, we explored and analyzed the proportions of different types of epiphyseal fractures in children and evaluated the causes of injury and epidemiological characteristics.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed children younger than 18 years with fresh epiphyseal fractures who were admitted to our hospital from July 2015 to February 2020. Demographic information, injury mechanisms, fracture characteristics, fracture classification, and surgical information were collected.
Results: A total of 1124 pediatric patients (1147 epiphyseal fractures), including 789 boys and 335 girls, were included in this study. Most fractures were classified as Salter-Harris type II (1002 cases), type IV (105 cases), and type III (25 cases). The number of fractures peaked in the adolescent group (428 cases). The most common sites of epiphyseal fractures were the distal radius (460 cases), phalanges of fingers (233 cases), and distal humerus (146 cases). The most important causes of fractures were falls (720 patients), car accident injuries (68 patients), and basketball falls (43 patients). Among the 1124 children with epiphyseal fractures, 1058 were treated mainly by surgery, and the ratio of open and closed reduction was 1:5.3. Eighty-eight patients showed an interval > 72 h between the injury and the hospital visit. Among these 88 patients, the most common fracture type was distal radial epiphyseal fracture (32 cases), and all fractures were of Salter-Harris type II.
Conclusions: The epidemiological characteristics of epiphyseal fractures in children indicate the need to strengthen health and safety education and protective measures to prevent the occurrence of these fractures in children. In addition, emergency surgeons and orthopedic surgeons in general hospitals should strengthen their basic knowledge of diagnosing and treating epiphyseal injuries in children to reduce missed diagnoses, misdiagnoses, or malpractice.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of the Pre-Diabetic Elderly regarding Pre-diabetes
Authors: Pakpour Vahid , Molayi Fatemeh , Nemati Hossein
Published: May 2023

Background
One of the risk factors of diabetes is the pre-diabetes stage which is significantly prevalent in the elderly. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of the pre-diabetic stage are of great importance and can decrease complications. The present study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the pre-diabetic elderly.
Methods
: This cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2022 to August 2022 on 219 pre-diabetic elderly people referring to Sina Hospital in Tabriz, one of the most populated cities in the northwest of Iran. Data were collected using questionnaires of Knowledge, Attitude, Practice-Prediabetes Assessment Questionnaire (KAP-PAQ). The data were analyzed by SPSS 21.
Results
The mean scores of knowledge (in the range of 0–17), attitude (in the range of -10, + 10), and practice (in the range of 0–26) were 1.72 ± 1.0, 2.24 ± 1.92, and 5.76 ± 2.61, respectively. The elderly's knowledge and practice levels in the pre-diabetes stage were low and about 50% of them had negative views. According to the Spearman correlation test, there was a positive significant relationship between the elderly's knowledge and practice (p < 0.001, r = 0.234).
Conclusions
The elderly in the pre-diabetes stage had low knowledge and attitude and a negative viewpoint towards correcting lifestyle on diet, exercising and physical activity, weight control, diagnostic and screening methods. Increased knowledge about pre-diabetes and strengthened positive attitude towards correcting lifestyle through counseling as well as empowering the pre-diabetic elderly can increase the efficiency of pre-diabetes prevention and control programs and prevent its progression to the diabetes stage.
A combined top-down and bottom-up search method for determining all maximal efficient faces in multiple objective linear programming
Authors: Tu Ta Van
Published: May 2023

Most of the known methods for finding all maximal efficient faces of a multiple objective linear programming problem are top-down search (TDS) or bottom-up search (BUS) methods. These methods have many valuable computational advantages but still have large computational efforts for finding all maximal efficient faces. To hold the advantages and improve the drawbacks of them, in this paper, we propose a combined top-down and bottom-up search method for determining all maximal efficient faces of a multiple objective linear programming problem. This method is mainly based on a new efficiency test of faces and some results given in our previous papers. The new efficiency test is used to construct an efficient combination of TDS and BUS methods for finding all maximal efficient faces. By using the idea that the combination is generated to find all maximal efficient faces emanating from every efficient extreme point, the proposed method has all advantages and can improve the drawbacks of known BUS and TDS methods. In addition, based on the advantageous methods chosen to combine, the proposed method still has many advantages over known methods for finding all maximal efficient faces. The method is illustrated by a numerical example.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010) 90C29 · 90C90
More susceptible psychological status of front-line medical staff than temporary workers in China during a public health emergency: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Leng Kunkun , Chen Xu , Jin Binbin , Xu Yongjie , Jin Hui
Published: May 2023

Background
Our study aimed to investigate the psychological status of medical staff and temporary workers during a public health emergency in China and analyze the relevant factors affecting the psychological symptoms.
Methods
A total of 380 participants were included in a cross-sectional online survey in a fangcang shelter hospital in Hangzhou, China, during a wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.The Psychological Questionnaires for Emergent Events of Public Health (PQEEPH) was applied to investigate psychological status of medical staff and temporary workers. Multiple linear regression models were built to analyze the relevant factors affecting the psychological symptoms.
Results
Of 380 participants, women accounted for a high proportion of medical staff, and the majority of temporary workers were men. Medical staff had higher psychological symptom scores in depression, fear, neurasthenia and hypochondria than temporary workers. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that higher risk perception and occupational exposure of medical staff were significantly related to worse psychological symptoms, and emergency management capacity was negatively correlated with psychological symptoms of medical staff.
Conclusion
Our findings indicated that medical staff experienced more serious psychological symptoms than temporary workers during public health emergency, and protecting medical staff from psychological disturbance would be of great importance to the development of medical system. Our study suggest that risk perception and protective actions should be actively improved to reduce information avoidance and develop positive psychological status, which provide scientific basis for developing psychological intervention measures when there is emergent event of public health in the future.
The bacterial skin microbiome of the Endangered South African endemic Pickersgill’s Reed Frog (Hyperolius pickersgilli)
Authors: Mnisi Mafanela Clearance , Taioe Moeti Oriel , Mokgokong Prudent , Dalton Desire Lee , Plessis Ian , Armstrong Adrian , Tarrant Jeanne , Kotze Antoinette , du Plessis Morne
Published: May 2023

Pickersgill’s Reed Frog (Hyperolius pickersgilli) is an Endangered (IUCN, 2016) species, endemic to South Africa and restricted to the KwaZulu-Natal coastal region. The species occurs in fragmented patches of Indian Ocean Coastalbelt Wetland, a Critically Endangered habitat type threatened by urbanisation, agriculture, mining, and forestry. We used a 16S rRNA Next Generation Sequencing approach to characterize the bacterial skin microbiome of 20 adult Pickersgill’s Reed Frog from three localities, and to determine the prevalence of anti-Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) associated bacteria. Results from three different populations were found to harbour similar skin microbial communities, dominated by a common core set of bacterial taxa that included Proteobacteria (39.67% of total amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), Actinobacteria (14.83%) and Firmicutes (11.21%). Anti-Bd associated bacterial communities were identified at all three localities (4.12-15.47%) of total ASVs), that may be contributing to the reported low frequency of occurrence of the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and the resultant lack of known morbidity or mortality from chytridiomycosis. A higher ratio of Firmicutes suggests that sampled frogs were undergoing a dietary shift from metamorphosis to maturity. The identification of a high prevalence of Chlamydiae in the Mount Moreland population warrants further monitoring and investigation.
Does Eating Fish Cause Cancer? A Case Study Metal Accumulation in Mackerel and Sardine Tissues from Iskenderun Bay, Türkiye
Authors: Ergen Şeyda Fikirdeşici , Altındağ Ahmet , Baş Yavuz Selim
Published: May 2023

Metals are one of the most significant environmental problems of today. It is important to examine the cumulative presence of metals in nature, their interactions with each other, and the risks posed by fish consumption in terms of human health. Total concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in sardine and horse mackerel muscle and gill tissues were determined. The concentrations of Fe and Zn were found to be highest, and the concentrations of Cd, Cu, and Pb were found to be lowest. Estimated daily intake, target hazard quotient, total target hazard quotient, target cancer risk, and hazard index were calculated to assess the potential health risk associated with fish consumption. The hazard index and total target hazard quotient values calculated for each fish have exceeded the value of 1 but are very close to 1. The target cancer risk values of As and Ni were found to be 10−6, and Pb was found to be 10−4. These limit values indicate the necessity of regular monitoring of the region. Also, interactions between accumulated metals in the tissues were examined, and a high correlation was found between As-Ni, which poses a risk to public health.
Improved Dynamic Event-Triggered Consensus Control for Multi-Agent Systems with Designable Inter-Event Time
Authors: Wang Zeyuan , Chadli Mohammed
Published: May 2023

This paper considers the leader-following consensus control for linear multi-agent systems. Two improved
dynamic event-triggered control frameworks are proposed. The first one is based on a moving average approach, whereas the second is a fully-distributed control scheme based on a wellchosen Lyapunov function with rigorous proof of adjustable inter-event time. The proposed methods involve model-based estimation and clock-like auxiliary dynamic variables to increase the inter-event time as long as possible eventually. Compared to the static event-triggered strategy and the existing state-of-theart dynamic event-triggered mechanism, the proposed approach significantly reduces the communication frequency while still guaranteeing asymptotic convergence. Numerical simulations demonstrate the validity of the proposed theoretical results.
YAP1 controls the N-cadherin-mediated tumor-stroma interaction in melanoma progression
Authors: Zhang Yuhang , Xiao Yao , Zhou Lilni , Andl Thomas
Published: May 2023

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is crucial for melanoma cells to escape keratinocyte control, invade underlying dermal tissues, and metastasize to distant organs. The hallmark of EMT is the switch from epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) to neural cadherin (N-cadherin), allowing melanoma cells to form a homotypic N-cadherin-mediated adhesion with stromal fibroblasts. However, how “cadherin switching” is initiated, maintained, and regulated in melanoma remains unknown. Here, we show that upon Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) ablation in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), the progression of a BRAF-mutant mouse melanoma was significantly suppressed in vivo, and overexpressing YAP1 in CAFs accelerated melanoma growth. CAFs require YAP1 function to proliferate, migrate, remodel the cytoskeletal machinery and matrix, and promote cancer cell invasion. By RNA-Seq, N-cadherin was identified as a major downstream effector of YAP1 signaling in CAFs. YAP1 silencing led to N-cadherin downregulation in CAFs, which subsequently induced the downregulation of N-cadherin in neighboring melanoma cells. N-cadherin downregulation inhibited the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in melanoma cells and suppressed melanoma growth in vivo, supporting the role of N-cadherin as an adhesive and signaling molecule in melanoma cells. This finding suggests that YAP1 depletion in CAFs induces the downregulation of p-AKT signaling in melanoma cells through the N-cadherin-mediated interaction between melanoma cells and CAFs. Importantly, our data underscore that CAFs can regulate N-cadherin-mediated interactions with melanoma cells. Thus, disentangling cadherin-mediated cell‒cell interactions can potentially disrupt tumor-stroma interactions and reverse the tumor cell invasive phenotype.
Teilhabe an digital-inklusiven Bildungsprozessen - Das Universal Design for Learning diklusiv als methodisch-didaktischer Unterrichtsrahmen
Authors: Böttinger Traugott , Schulz Lea
Published: May 2023

Bildungsbenachteiligungen werden nicht zwingend durch digitale Medien selbst verursacht, können durch diese aber intensiviert werden (Niesyto, 2007). Andererseits bieten digitale Medien vielfältige Potenziale, Exklusionsrisiken im Unterricht zu verringern (Bosse, Schluchter & Zorn, 2019) und Lern-Zugänge zu eröffnen. Der Artikel beschäftigt sich vor diesem Hintergrund mit der Frage nach Teilhabe an digitalen Bildungsprozessen in inklusiven Unterrichtssettings. Zunächst werden Chancen und Risiken des Einsatzes digitaler Medien im Unterricht beleuchtet und vor dem Hintergrund des Konstrukts der Diklusion betrachtet. Anschließend wird mit dem Universal Design for Learning diklusiv ein Rahmenkonstrukt zur methodisch-didaktischen Planung von Unterricht sowie eine damit zusammenhängende universitäre Ausbildungsmaßnahme zu diklusivem Unterricht vorgestellt. Abschließend erfolgt eine kritische Einordnung und Diskussion für die Lehrer:innenbildung.
 
Abstract
Educational disadvantages are not necessarily caused by digital media themselves, but digital media can intensify these disadvantages (Niesyto, 2007). On the other hand, digital media offers a variety of potentials to reduce risks of exclusion in the classroom (Bosse, Schluchter & Zorn, 2019) and to open up access to learning. Against this background, this article addresses the question of participation in digital educational processes in inclusive classroom settings. First, the opportunities and risks of using digital media in the classroom are highlighted and considered against the backdrop of the construct of diclusion. Then, the Universal Design for Learning diclusive, a framework for the methodological-didactical planning of lessons as well as a related university training measure on diclusive lessons, is presented. Finally, a critical classification and discussion for teacher education follows.
Multipole theory of optical spatial dispersion in crystals
Authors: Pozo Ocaña Óscar , Souza Ivo
Published: May 2023

Natural optical activity is the paradigmatic example of an effect originating in the weak spatial inhomogeneity of the electromagnetic field on the atomic scale. In molecules, such effects are well described by the multipole theory of electromagnetism, where the coupling to light is treated semiclassically beyond the electric-dipole approximation. That theory has two shortcomings: it is limited to bounded systems, and its building blocks -the multipole transition moments- are origin dependent. In this work, we recast the multipole theory in a translationally-invariant form that remains valid for crystals. Working in the independent-particle approximation, we introduce "intrinsic" multipole transition moments that are origin independent and transform covariantly under gauge transformations of the Bloch eigenstates. Electric-dipole transitions are given by the interband Berry connection, while magnetic-dipole and electric-quadrupole transitions are described by matrix generalizations of the intrinsic magnetic moment and quantum metric. In addition to multipole-like terms, the response of crystals at first order in the wavevector of light contains band-dispersion terms that have no counterpart in molecular theories. The full response is broken down into magnetoelectric and quadrupolar parts, which can be isolated in the static limit where electric and magnetic fields become decoupled. The rotatory-strength sum rule for crystals is found to be equivalent to the topological constraint for a vanishing chiral magnetic effect in equilibrium, and the formalism is validated by numerical tight-binding calculations.
Determinants of cryptocurrency investment decisions (Study of students in Bali)
Authors: Rahyuda Henny , Reina Candradewi Made
Published: May 2023

The investment world today is vying for profit from investing in cryptocurrencies, so this encourages young people, especially students, to invest in cryptocurrencies, but financial literacy, herding behavior, and risk perception are things that influence investment decisions. The aim of this study was to identify the factors that influence students’ decisions to invest in cryptocurrencies. The research method used is quantitative, using questionnaires distributed to students in Bali; the sample in this study was active students currently studying at universities in Bali, Indonesia, totaling 179 samples; questionnaires were distributed using the Google form and analyzed using Warp PLS. The results show that investment decisions, herding behavior, and risk perception are all significantly and positively influenced by financial literacy. Perceived risk and herding behavior have a significant influence on investment decisions. Perceived risk and herding behavior can partially mediate financial literacy on investment decisions. The influence of financial literacy on investment decisions will be stronger if it is through perceived risk with a coefficient value of 0.412 and herding behavior with a coefficient value of 0.422. Based on the study’s conclusion, it is important for investors, especially students, to prioritize improving their financial literacy before investing in cryptocurrencies. Additionally, investors should be aware of the potential impact of herding behavior and perceived risk on their investment decisions and take steps to mitigate their influence.
FUNCTIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF COFFEE MUCILAGE (Coffea arabica) AND ITS APPLICATION IN EDIBLE FILMS
Authors: Machado Daiane , de Oliveira Rafael
Published: May 2023

Brazil is the largest coffee producer in the world, and together with the millions of tons produced, millions of tons of residues are also generated. The generated residues are a source of environmental contamination depending on the chosen processing route. One of the main applications of food industry waste is in the production of raw materials to produce edible films and coatings. Coffee mucilage is a pectin-rich liquid residue from the coffee sector that can be used in the production of value-added products. Given this, the objective of this work was to characterize and evaluate the potential of functional and technological properties of coffee mucilage and your applicability in the production of edible films. The filmogenic mixture was obtained by casting from 10% (w/v) lyophilized coffee mucilage and solvent (water). The films produced from the coffee mucilage presented good homogeneity, continuity (absence of ruptures or fragile regions), flexibility, ease of detachment of the support and handling, without the need to add adjuvant to its formation. In addition, they presented uniformity in thickness, high light barrier and medium water vapor barrier. Thus, it can be concluded that mucilage is a potential product to be used in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food industries.
Effects of Cd and Zn Treatments on Leaf Chemıcal Compounds of Japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergii), Boxwood (Buxus sempervirens var. rotundifolia), and Gold tassel (Euonymus japonica var. aurea) Species
Authors: GENÇ Erkan , TURFAN Nezahat
Published: May 2023

In the present study, the effects of cadmium (25 μM and 50 μM) and zinc (200 μM and 400 μM) treatments on some bioactive compounds and mineral levels in leaves of japanese barberry, boxwood, and gold tassel genotypes were investigated. Given the results, it was determined that photosynthetic pigments were stimulated by 200 μM Zn and 400 μM Zn. Boxwood was found to be tolerant to the treatments in terms of chlorophyll and carotenoid. In contrast, japanese barberry was found to be tolerant in terms of chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll. The amount of anthocyanin was higher in the leaves of gold tassel, and boxwood and the total phenolic was higher level in gold tassel and japanese barberry in all treatments. Proline and nitrate levels were generally high in the treated groups of three plants, as well as RWC in japanese barberry and boxwood. Given the element results, japanese barberry had a higher accumulation capacity for P, S, Mn, Cl, Cd, Fe, Al, Si, Cu, Ba, Zn, Ti, and Cr, boxwood for K, Mn, Cl, Cd, Zn, Fe, Al, Si, and Cr, and Gold tassel for K, P, S, Mn, Cl, and Cd. As a result, boxwood showed a higher tolerance to 400 μM Zn, japanese barberry plant to 200 μM Zn, and 50 μM Cd. It can be said that boxwood and japanese barberry plants can be used in afforestation projects in urban parks, gardens, and roadside, as well as in areas with high soil pollution, to reduce the pollution damage.
Türkiye'de Yetiştirilen Siyah Alaca - Holstein, Esmer ve Simmental Irkları ile Melez Genotiplerine Ait Bazı Döl Verim Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: ŞAHİN Onur
Published: May 2023

Bu çalışma soy kütüğü sistemine kayıtlı olan Siyah Alaca - Holstein (HF), Esmer (BS), Simmental (SM), Siyah Alaca - Holstein melezi (HFX), Esmer melezi (BSX) ve Simmental melezi (SMX) sığırlara ait bazı üreme özelliklerini karşılaştırmak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın materyalini 2000-2019 yılları arasında doğmuş 22.331 baş ineğe ait 2001 – 2014 yılları arasındaki döl verim kayıtları kullanılmıştır. Döl verimi özellikleri üzerine genotip ve bölge faktörlerinin etkilerinin istatiski analizi amacıyla GLM ANOVA yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada sığır ırkları ve melezlerinin döl verimi özellikleri Türkiye’deki coğrafik bölgeler bazında ortaya konularak karşılaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; ilkine buzağılama yaşı (İBY) 858.0 ± 151.1 gün, ilk buzağılamada gebelik süresi (İBGS) 274.4 ± 13.5 gün, gebelik başına tohumlama sayısı (GBTS) 1.98±0,98 adet/baş, bir inekten alınan canlı buzağı sayısı (CDBS) 4.1±1.8 baş ve buzağılama aralığı (BA) 441.2±88.8 gün olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, İBY, CDBS ve BA özellikleri açısından genotip x bölge interaksiyonunun önemli olması, ırkların bu özellikler bakımından bölgelerde ortaya koymuş oldukları döl verim performansının farklı olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada genotip x bölge interaksiyonun önemli olduğu tespit edilmiş olup İBY, CDBS ve bu BA özellikleri için yürütülecek seleksiyon çalışmaları ile bölgelere göre yapılacak ırk tercihlerinde bu araştırma sonuçlarının dikkate alınması yeni oluşturulacak sürülerin döl verim performansının yükseltilmesine katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Kıraç Şartlarda Yetiştirilen Selvi Sirken’in Tohum Verimi ve Bazı Verim Unsurları Üzerine Farklı Ekim Zamanlarının Etkileri
Authors: KESKİN Bilal , TEMEL Süleyman , AKBAY TOHUMCU Seda
Published: May 2023

Bu çalışma farklı ekim zamanlarının selvi sirken’in tohum verimine etkilerini belirlemek amacı ile iki yıl (2019-2020) süreyle Iğdır ekolojik koşullarında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada farklı ekim dönemlerinin selvi sirken’in bitki boyu, dal sayısı, sap kalınlığı, olgunlaşma süresi, sap verimi, tohum verimi, hasat indeksi, biyolojik verim ve bin tane ağırlığı üzerine etkileri belirlenmiştir. Deneme 3 tekerrürlü olmak üzere tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre kuru koşullarda kurulmuştur. Çalışmada incelenen parametreler üzerine ekim zamanlarının (bin tane ağırlığı hariç) etkisi önemli bulunmuştur. Ekim zamanının geciktirilmesi incelenen parametrelerde önemli düşüşlere neden olmuştur. Yıllar açısından değerlendirildiğinde ise dal sayısı, bitki boyu, olgunlaşma süresi ve bin tane ağırlığı istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmuş ve yağışlı geçen 2020 yılında bu değerler (bin tane ağırlığı hariç) 2019 yılına göre daha yüksek olmuştur. En yüksek sap verimi (3541.5 kg/da), tohum verimi (1586.6 kg/da) ve biyolojik verim (5128.1 kg/da) ilk ekim zamanı olan Mart ayı ortasında yapılan ekimlerden elde edilmiştir.
Economic analysis based on saline water treatment using renewable energy system and microgrid architecture
Authors: Bhavani N. P. G. , Harne Kailash , Singh Satendar , Abdukarimovich Ostonokulov Azamat , Balaji V. , Singh Bharat , Vengatesan K. , Mohanty Sachi Nandan
Published: May 2023

Reverse osmosis desalination facilities operating on microgrids (MGs) powered by renewable energy are becoming more significant. A leader-follower structured optimization method underlies the suggested algorithm. The desalination plant is divided into components, each of which can be operated separately as needed. MGs are becoming an important part of smart grids, which incorporate distributed renewable energy sources (RESs), energy storage devices, and load control strategies. This research proposes novel techniques in economic saline water treatment based on MG architecture integrated with a renewable energy systems. This study offers an optimization framework to simultaneously optimize saline as well as freshwater water sources, decentralized renewable and conventional energy sources to operate water-energy systems economically and efficiently. The radial Boltzmann basis machine is used to analyse the salinity of water. Data on water salinity were used to conduct the experimental analysis, which was evaluated for accuracy, precision, recall, and specificity as well as computational cost and kappa coefficient. The proposed method achieved 88% accuracy, 65% precision, 59% recall, 65% specificity, 59% computational cost, and 51% kappa coefficient.
Proteomics Analysis Revealed Smad3 as a Potential Target of the Synergistic Antitumor
Activity of Disulfiram and Cisplatin in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Du Ruiping , Sun Feilong , Li Kai , Qi Jian , Zhong Wen , Wang Wei , Sun Qiuyan , Deng Qingmei , Wang Hongzhi , Nie Jinfu , Ding Chen , Hong Bo
Published: May 2023

Introduction:

Among gynecological cancers, ovarian cancer has a high mortality rate. Cisplatin-based
chemotherapy is commonly used for the treatment of ovarian cancer. However, the clinical efficacy of cisplatin in
ovarian cancer is limited due to the development of chemo-resistance during treatment.

Objective:

In the study, we aimed to investigate the synergistic anti-cancer activity and targets of the FDA-approved
drug disulfiram combined with cisplatin in ovarian cancer.

Methods:

The cell viability was determined by Celltier-Glo luminescent assay. The synergistic anti-cancer activity was
assessed by combination index. Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. The in vivo anti-tumor
activity and side effects were evaluated using a xenografted mice model. The synergistic anti-cancer targets were identified
by a mass spectrometry-based proteomics analysis.

Results:

In this study, we first found that disulfiram synergistically enhanced the anti-tumor activity of cisplatin in
chemo-resistant ovarian cancer cells, which was accompanied by the enhanced induction of cellular apoptosis.
Secondly, the in vivo study demonstrated that the combination treatment of disulfiram and cisplatin dramatically
inhibited tumor growth and had no apparent side effects in ovarian cancer xenografted mice. Finally, proteomics analysis
identified SMAD3 as a potential target of disulfiram-cisplatin combined treatment, and the down-regulation of
SMAD3 could increase cisplatin-induced cell death in ovarian cancer.

Conclusion:

Combination treatment of disulfiram and cisplatin synergistically inhibited the growth of ovarian cancer
through down-regulating SMAD3. As a repurposed drug, disulfiram could be quickly transformed into a clinic to overcome
cisplatin resistance for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
KRAS Mutation Reduces Thymoquinone Anticancer Effects on Viability of Cells and
Apoptosis
Authors: Betul Yenigun Vildan , Acar Hasan , Kanimdan Ebru , Yenigun Alper , Kocyigit Abdurrahim , Cora Tulin
Published: May 2023

Background:

Cancer is a life-threatening condition with an economic burden on societies. Phytotherapy is
rapidly taking place in cancer research to increase the success of treatment and quality of life. Thymoquinone (TQ) is
the main active phenolic compound obtained from the essential oil of the Nigella sativa (black cumin) plant seed. For a
long time, black cumin has been used traditionally for the remedy of different diseases because of its various biological
effects. It has been shown that most of these effects of black cumin seeds are due to TQ. TQ became a popular research
topic for phytotherapy studies for its potential therapeutic applications, and more research is going on to fully understand
its mechanisms of action, safety, and efficacy in humans. KRAS is a gene that regulates cell division and growth.
Monoallelic variants in KRAS result in uncontrollable cell division, leading to cancer development. Studies have shown
that cancer cells with KRAS mutations are often resistant to certain types of chemotherapy and targeted therapies.

Objective:

This study aimed to compare the effect of TQ on cancer cells with and without KRAS mutation to better
understand the reason why TQ may have different anticancer effects in the different types of cancer cells.

Methods:

TQ was investigated for its cytotoxic and apoptotic effects in laryngeal cancer cells (HEp-2) without KRAS
mutation and compared to mutant KRAS-transfected larynx cancer cells and KRAS mutation-carrying lung cancer cells
(A549).

Results:

We showed that TQ has more cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on laryngeal cancer cells without KRAS mutation
than in cells with mutation.

Conclusion::

KRAS mutations decrease the effect of TQ on cell viability and apoptosis, and further studies are needed
to fully understand the relationship between KRAS mutations and thymoquinone effectiveness in cancer treatment.
The Microneedle Drug Delivery System and some Recent Obstacles in its
Implementation
Authors: Dugad Bhagyesh , Bhattacharya Sankha
Published: May 2023

Transdermal Drug Delivery (TDD) is a non-painful way of systemically delivering medications
by applying a drug formulation to intact, healthy skin. The drug particles’ limitations, including the molecular
weight and hydrophilicity, preclude TDD from being exploited extensively. Microneedle arrays
(MNA) are an efficient way for medication delivery via the skin. Microneedles enhance medication administration.
Microneedles are either long, hollow, or coated. They are designed to target the skin as
quickly and safely as possible, without the use of chemical, nanoparticle, or hypodermic injections and
without requiring micro-pen or physical strategies. Solid microneedles include micropores, whereas hollow
microneedles provide a more profound passage into the dermis. Investigations have been conducted
on the use of dissolving microneedles for the delivery of vaccines, while coated microneedles have been
utilized to efficiently deliver vaccines. This paper attempts to provide a comprehensive summary of the
current state of MNA science, with a focus on methodologies, issues, implementations, and the types of
materials lately dispersed by such devices. In addition, some information regarding the components and
manufacturing methods is provided. Metals, silicone, ceramics, synthetic materials, and biodegradable
polymers, such as carbohydrates, can be utilized to manufacture microneedles.
Microwave-assisted Synthesis of 3-amino-2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one
(QH) and 4-oxo-2-phenylquinazoline-3(4H)-carbothioamide (QTh)
Authors: Kumar Das Ranjan , Sharma Debdulal , Paul Subrata , Sengupta Devashish
Published: May 2023

Background:

Microwave synthesis has developed as a powerful tool for the cost-effective and greener synthesis of organic molecules, including quinazolines. Irradiation with microwave leads to the excitation of molecules and equitable distribution of thermal energy in a much shorter time than conventional synthesis. This results in shorter reaction time and, more often than not, higher efficiency

Objective:

The primary objective of the work presented in this article was to prepare hydrazine hydrate or thiourea derivative of quinazolines through microwave synthesis as small-molecule scaffolds for fur-ther need-based functionalisation, isolation, and characterisation. We, herein, report the synthesis of two quinazolinone derivatives of thiourea and hydrazine, 3-amino-2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one (QH) and 4-oxo-2-phenylquinazoline-3(4H)-carbothioamide (QTh), respectively.

Method:

A multi-step synthetic strategy starting from anthranilic acid was employed to synthesise the small molecule quinazolinones 3-amino-2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one (QH) and 4-oxo-2-phenylquinazoline-3(4H)-carbothioamide (QTh). The compounds were synthesised by reacting hydra-zine and thiourea with 2-benzamidobenzoyl chloride in DMF under microwave irradiation (800 W at 135 °C for 4 min) in the presence of potassium carbonate. The acid chloride was prepared by chlorination of 2-benzamidobenzoic acid, which in turn was synthesised from anthranilic acid by benzoylation. This method is an efficient alternative approach to synthesising quinazolinones from benzoxazin-4-ones.

Results:

We have successfully synthesised, isolated, and characterised the quinazolinone derivative QH (yield: 81%) and QTh (yield: 85%). The structures of the compounds were established through spectro-scopic techniques. Theoretical optimisation of the structures was also achieved using DFT. The HOMO-LUMO difference for QH and QTh was calculated to be 4.60 and 4.47 eV, respectively.

Conclusion:

The reported protocol is advantageous over conventional methods of quinazoline synthesis from benzoxazin-4-ones. The time required for the reaction is much less (4 min) as compared to the usual requirements of reflux (> 4 h); the higher energy gap of QH indicates greater stability than that of QTh.
Effects of Pesticides Carried by Foods on Human Gut Microbiota
Authors: Rodríguez Lucía Varela , Lopez-Santamarina Aroa , del Carmen Mondragón Alicia , Regal Patricia , Lamas Alexandre , Rodriguez Jose Antonio , Miranda José Manuel , Franco Carlos Manuel
Published: May 2023

The human gut microbiota is part of a delicate ecosystem that also involves the individual
in which it is hosted and the environment. Humans and their gut microbiota depend on each other to
maintain good health, but many external factors can contribute to the disruption of this balance and
lead to diseases. Pesticides are a good example of environmental pollutants to which humans are exposed
on a daily basis, mainly through diet. As a result, the composition and functionality of the gut
microbiota can be compromised, as the gastrointestinal tract is the first physical and biological barrier
with which they interact. Finally, through multiple and complex mechanisms, all this has repercussions
on the health status of the host, and the adverse effects of this gut microbiota–pesticide interaction
can manifest themselves in various ways, such as alteration of the diversity and abundance of the
different bacteria, both beneficial and pathogenic, that colonize the gastrointestinal tract, metabolic
and endocrine disorders, inflammation, dysregulation of the immune system and neurological disorders,
among many others. Therefore, this work aims to summarize the latest scientific evidence on the
effects of pesticides on the gut microbiota and the possible implications for human health as well as
animal models and in vitro cultures on which the different tests are carried out.