bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Downregulation of long non-coding RNAs in patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Maloum Zahra , Ramezani Sahar , Taheri Mohammad , Ghafouri-Fard Soudeh , Shirvani-Farsani Zeinab
Published: May 2022

The abnormal function of signaling cascades is currently a candidate in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). One of the factors involved in activating these signals is oxidative stress. Some long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) are involved in the oxidative stress. In this study, we compared expression levels of lincRNA-p21, lincRNA-ROR, and lincRNA-PINT in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from BD patients (n = 50) and healthy individuals (n = 50). Expression levels of lincRNA-p21, lincRNA-ROR, and lincRNA-PINT were significantly reduced in patients with BD compared to controls. In sex-based analyses, down-regulation of these lncRNAs was revealed only in male BD patients compared to male healthy subjects. Also, in BD patients, all three lncRNAs showed a significant pairwise positive correlation in expression level. The area under curve values for lincRNA-p21, lincRNA-ROR, and lincRNA-PINT was 0.66, 0.75, and 0.66, respectively. Thus, the ROC curve analysis showed that lncRNA-ROR might serve as a diagnostic biomarker for distinguishing between BD patients and controls. Altogether, the current study proposes a role for lincRNA-p21, lincRNA-ROR, and lincRNA-PINT in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder. Moreover, the peripheral expression of these lncRNAs might be useful as potential biomarkers for BD.
IL-25 blockade augments antiviral immunity during respiratory virus infection
Authors: Williams Teresa C. , Loo Su-Ling , Nichol Kristy S. , Reid Andrew T. , Veerati Punnam C. , Esneau Camille , Wark Peter A. B. , Grainge Christopher L. , Knight Darryl A. , Vincent Thomas , Jackson Crystal L. , Alton Kirby , Shimkets Richard A. , Girkin Jason L. , Bartlett Nathan W.
Published: May 2022

IL-25 is implicated in the pathogenesis of viral asthma exacerbations. However, the effect of IL-25 on antiviral immunity has yet to be elucidated. We observed abundant expression and colocalization of IL-25 and IL-25 receptor at the apical surface of uninfected airway epithelial cells and rhinovirus infection increased IL-25 expression. Analysis of immune transcriptome of rhinovirus-infected differentiated asthmatic bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) treated with an anti-IL-25 monoclonal antibody (LNR125) revealed a re-calibrated response defined by increased type I/III IFN and reduced expression of type-2 immune genes CCL26, IL1RL1 and IL-25 receptor. LNR125 treatment also increased type I/III IFN expression by coronavirus infected BECs. Exogenous IL-25 treatment increased viral load with suppressed innate immunity. In vivo LNR125 treatment reduced IL-25/type 2 cytokine expression and increased IFN-β expression and reduced lung viral load. We define a new immune-regulatory role for IL-25 that directly inhibits virus induced airway epithelial cell innate anti-viral immunity.
The MFN1 and MFN2 mitofusins promote clustering between mitochondria and peroxisomes
Authors: Huo Yinbo , Sun Weiping , Shi Tiezhu , Gao Song , Zhuang Min
Published: May 2022

Mitochondria and peroxisomes are two types of functionally close-related organelles, and both play essential roles in lipid and ROS metabolism. However, how they physically interact with each other is not well understood. In this study, we apply the proximity labeling method with peroxisomal proteins and report that mitochondrial protein mitofusins (MFNs) are in proximity to peroxisomes. Overexpression of MFNs induces not only the mitochondria clustering but also the co-clustering of peroxisomes. We also report the enrichment of MFNs at the mitochondria-peroxisome interface. Induced mitofusin expression gives rise to more mitochondria-peroxisome contacting sites. Furthermore, the tethering of peroxisomes to mitochondria can be inhibited by the expression of a truncated MFN2, which lacks the transmembrane region. Collectively, our study suggests MFNs as regulators for mitochondria-peroxisome contacts. Our findings are essential for future studies of inter-organelle metabolism regulation and signaling, and may help understand the pathogenesis of mitofusin dysfunction-related disease.
From motility-induced phase-separation to glassiness in dense active matter
Authors: Paoluzzi Matteo , Levis Demian , Pagonabarraga Ignacio
Published: May 2022

Dense active systems are widespread in nature, examples range from bacterial colonies to biological tissues. Dense clusters of active particles can be obtained by increasing the packing fraction of the system or taking advantage of a peculiar phenomenon named motility-induced phase separation (MIPS). In this work, we explore the phase diagram of a two-dimensional model of active glass and show that disordered active materials develop a rich collective behaviour encompassing both MIPS and glassiness. We find that, although the glassy state is almost indistinguishable from that of equilibrium glasses, the mechanisms leading to its fluidization do not have any equilibrium counterpart. Our results can be rationalized in terms of a crossover between a low-activity regime, where glassy dynamics is controlled by an effective temperature, and a high-activity regime, which drives the system towards MIPS.
Adherence to a cholesterol-lowering diet and the risk of prostate cancer
Authors: Di Maso Matteo , Augustin Livia S. A. , Jenkins David J. A. , Carioli Greta , Turati Federica , Grisoni Benedetta , Crispo Anna , La Vecchia Carlo , Serraino Diego , Polesel Jerry
Published: May 2022

Adherence to a cholesterol-lowering diet decreases the risk of prostate cancer.
The effect of BeO on heat transfer and durability of nano-CaO-based CO2 adsorbents
Authors: Liu Hao , Wu Sufang
Published: May 2022

BeO is firstly doped into nano-CaO/Al2O3 adsorbents to increase decomposition endothermic heatflow. It will enhance decomposition rate of nano-CaCO3, then will reduce decomposition temperature and improve sorption durability of adsorbents.
Stabilization of ruthenium on biochar-nickel magnetic nanoparticles as a heterogeneous, practical, selective, and reusable nanocatalyst for the Suzuki C–C coupling reaction in water
Authors: Moradi Parisa , Hajjami Maryam
Published: May 2022

Waste recycling and the use of recyclable and available catalysts are important principles in green chemistry in science and industrial research.
Synergistic effect of Zn doping on thermoelectric properties to realize a high figure-of-merit and conversion efficiency in Bi2−xZnxTe3 based thermoelectric generators
Authors: Kumar Rishikesh , Bhatt Ranu , Tewary Arpan , Debnath A. K. , Bhatt Pramod , Mani Navaneethan , Jha Purushottam , Patro Pankaj , Bhattacharya Shovit , Pathak Manbendra , Khan M. K. , Singh Ajay , Muthe K. P.
Published: May 2022

The synergistic effect of decoupled thermoelectric parameters on the enhanced power output of a unicouple TEG.
Ultrasensitive fluorometric oligonucleotide immunoassay for the simultaneous and efficient detection of two mycotoxins in agricultural products
Authors: Li Ming , Han Chenfei , Yang Chuqin , Sun Mingna , Duan Jinsheng , Qiu Xuchun , Du Daolin
Published: May 2022

An ultrasensitive fluorometric oligonucleotide immunoassay (UFOIA) based on a fluorometric oligonucleotide and magnetic separation was proposed for the simultaneous detection of two mycotoxins.
Carbon–nitrogen–metal material as a high performing oxygen evolution catalyst
Authors: Fruehwald Holly M. , Zenkina Olena V. , Easton E. Bradley
Published: May 2022

Oxygen evolution reaction catalysts composed of Ni–N3 molecular motifs grafted onto carbon black.
Revealing the contributions of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis to isomerization of d-glucose into d-fructose in the presence of basic salts with low solubility
Authors: Toussaint Valérie , Delidovich Irina
Published: May 2022

Hydroxide anions are identified as catalytically active species for the isomerization of d-glucose to d-fructose over low soluble basic salts. The highest selectivity for d-fructose was obtained for catalysis by MgCO3.
Diruthenium and triruthenium compounds of the potential redox active non-chelated η1-N,η1-N-benzothiadiazole bridge
Authors: Dey Sanchaita , Hazari Arijit Singha , Mobin Shaikh M. , Lahiri Goutam Kumar
Published: May 2022

The redox non-innocent behaviour of non-chelated μ-bis-η1-N,η1-N BTD (2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)-bridged mixed valent diruthenium and triruthenium complexes is attributed to a moderately coupled delocalised electronic state withVab≈ 2640–2890 cm−1.
Calcium-intercalated birnessite MnO2 anchored on carbon nanotubes as high-performance cathodes for aqueous zinc-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Weiwei , Zhang Chi , Chen Zhengfan , Huang Rui , Nie Yanmei , Liu Penggao , Liu Kaiyu , Yan Jun
Published: May 2022

Calcium-intercalated birnessite δ-MnO2 anchored on carbon nanotubes exhibits a high specific capacity, excellent rate performance and a long cycle life in aqueous ZIBs.
Emerging investigator series: metal nanoparticles in freshwater: transformation, bioavailability and effects on invertebrates
Authors: Wang Ting , Liu Wei
Published: May 2022

MNPs may undergo different environmental transformations in aquatic systems, consequently changing their mobility, bioavailability and toxicity to freshwater invertebrates.
Pressure effect on long-term heat storage ceramics based on Mg-substituted λ-Ti3O5
Authors: Ohkoshi Shin-ichi , Jia Fangda , Yoshikiyo Marie , Imoto Kenta , Tokoro Hiroko , Nakagawa Kosuke , Maeno Yuta , Namai Asuka , Harada Risa , Hattori Kenji , Kojima Kunihiro , Sugiura Kei , Suganuma Takatoshi
Published: May 2022

Waste heat energy could be effectively used if the accumulated thermal energy could be conserved.
Insights into the recent progress in the medicinal chemistry of pyranopyrimidine analogs
Authors: Elattar Khaled M. , El-Khateeb Ayman Y. , Hamed Sahar E.
Published: May 2022

The current review highlights the importance of pyranopyrimidines as privileged biologically active molecules. It also discusses recent synthetic strategies for the synthesis of these compounds, the mechanism of action, and SARs.
Bioengineering a glucose oxidase nanosensor for near-infrared continuous glucose monitoring
Authors: Zubkovs Vitalijs , Wang Hanxuan , Schuergers Nils , Weninger Astrid , Glieder Anton , Cattaneo Stefano , Boghossian Ardemis A.
Published: May 2022

Protein engineering enables site-specific orientation of enzymes on carbon nanotubes for reversible and selective detection of glucose.
Raman inks based on triple-bond-containing polymeric nanoparticles for security
Authors: Yu Dong , Shen Yao , Zhu Wei , Hu Ji-Ming , Shen Ai-Guo
Published: May 2022

Multiple print-driven triple-bond Raman coding was obtained by mixing different ratios of two polymer nanoparticles for anti-counterfeiting and information security.
Spin filtering effect, thermal spin diode effect and high tunneling magnetoresistance in the Au/GdI2/Au van der Waals junction
Authors: Hu Lei , Wu Xuming , Feng Yulin , Liu Yuqi , Xu Zhiyuan , Gao Guoying
Published: May 2022

The perfect spin filtering effect and high magnetoresistance for the magnetic tunnel junction Au/GdI2/Au are reported.
Thiocarbonyl chemistry in polymer science
Authors: Bingham Nathaniel M. , Abousalman-Rezvani Zahra , Collins Kyle , Roth Peter J.
Published: May 2022

This review highlights past and ongoing attempts to harness thiocarbonyl compounds in polymer chemistry, focussing on how the unique and multifaceted reactivity of these compounds enables the production of materials with tailored properties.
Discrete oligourethanes of sequence-regulated properties – impact of stereocontrol
Authors: Forysiak Weronika , Kozub Sara , John Łukasz , Szweda Roza
Published: May 2022

Properties of oligourethanes can be programmed by the monomer sequence, its composition, and stereocontrol.
Fluorescence and stimuli-responsive performance of polymer composites filled with tetraphenylethene derivatives
Authors: Yang Fang-Hong , Hao Bin , Yue Xiu , Ma Peng-Cheng
Published: May 2022

In this study, the effect of interactions between tetraphenylethene derivatives and a polymer matrix on the stimuli-responsive property of polydimethylsiloxane-based composites was revealed.
Achieving highly thermostable red emission in singly Mn2+-doped BaXP2O7 (X = Mg/Zn) via self-reduction
Authors: Li Song , Hu Wei , Brik Mikhail G. , Lian Shixun , Qiu Zhongxian
Published: May 2022

A self-reduction strategy realizes singly Mn2+-doped BaXP2O7 (X = Mg/Zn) red phosphors with anti-thermal quenching performance, which have promising applications in warm WLED or plant growth lighting.
A machine learning colorimetric biosensor based on acetylcholinesterase and silver nanoparticles for the detection of dichlorvos pesticides
Authors: Tun Wonn Shweyi Thet , Talodthaisong Chanon , Daduang Sakda , Daduang Jureerut , Rongchai Kanchit , Patramanon Rina , Kulchat Sirinan
Published: May 2022

An uncomplicated and rapid colorimetric biosensor for the detection of highly toxic organophosphates (OPs) is developed, using the pesticide dichlorvos as a representative OP.
Regulation of solid-state dual-emission properties by switching luminescence processes based on a bis-o-carborane-modified anthracene triad
Authors: Yuhara Kazuhiro , Tanaka Kazuo , Chujo Yoshiki
Published: May 2022

A combination of luminescence processes in dual-emission properties by selecting preparation protocols is designed but also temperature-driven switching of luminescence processes in dual-emission properties based on a bis-o-carborane-substituted anthracene triad in crystals.
Ultralong blue room-temperature phosphorescence by cycloalkyl engineering
Authors: Cong Zhenxing , Han Mengmeng , Fan Yuanyuan , Fan Yunhao , Chang Kai , Xiao Leyi , Zhang Yufeng , Zhen Xu , Li Qianqian , Li Zhen
Published: May 2022

An ultralong blue RTP effect with lifetime up to 1116.10 ms has been achieved by cycloalkyl modification of phenothiazine-5,5-dioxide.
State of knowledge in photoredox-catalysed direct difluoromethylation
Authors: Feng Jiaxu , Jia Xiaodong , Zhang Shuyue , Lu Kui , Cahard Dominique
Published: May 2022

The combination of visible light photoredox catalysis with direct difluoromethylation has allowed the synthesis of a large choice of CF2H-containing value-added molecules under very mild reaction conditions.
Ru(iii)-catalyzed C4–H bond cyanoalkoxylation of 1-naphthylamine derivatives with azobisisobutyronitrile
Authors: Cao Lihua , Wang Peisong , Sun Suyan , Yang Fan , Wu Yangjie
Published: May 2022

A simple and efficient protocol for ruthenium-catalyzed C4–H bond cyanoalkoxylation of 1-naphthylamine derivatives with AIBN was developed under an oxygen atmosphere in moderate to good yields.
Activation of ZrO2–WO3 solid acid catalysts in a Friedel–Crafts reaction through post-hydrothermal treatment
Authors: Li Sha , Yu Ruopeng , Xu Bonan , Wang Zhikun , Wu Chunzheng , Guo Jianzhong
Published: May 2022

The high pH value of the post-hydrothermal treatment induces the generation of acidic WOx cluster active sites.
Hybrid organic–inorganic membranes based on sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) matrix and iron-encapsulated carbon nanotubes and their application in CO2 separation
Authors: Rybak Aleksandra , Rybak Aurelia , Boncel Sławomir , Kolanowska Anna , Kaszuwara Waldemar , Kolev Spas D.
Published: May 2022

Fe@MWCNT-OH/SPEEK hybrid membranes for CO2 separation! Significant improvement of hybrid membrane's gas transport, magnetic, thermal, and mechanical parameters. Enhancement of interphase compatibility after CNT and polymer chemical modification.
CO2 fixation into cyclic carbonates catalyzed by single-site aprotic organocatalysts
Authors: Eftaiha Ala'a F. , Qaroush Abdussalam K. , Hasan Areej K. , Helal Wissam , Al-Qaisi Feda'a M.
Published: May 2022

The catalytic activity of a series of onium salts for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates have been investigated experimentally and theoretically.
Ultrafast coherent photoexcited dynamics in a trimeric dendrimer probed by X-ray stimulated-Raman signals
Authors: Freixas Victor M. , Keefer Daniel , Tretiak Sergei , Fernandez-Alberti Sebastian , Mukamel Shaul
Published: May 2022

The photoinduced ultrafast coherent inter-chromophore energy redistribution in a triarylamine trimer is explored using nonadiabatic excited state molecular dynamics followed by simulations of X-ray Raman signals.
Controlling fine touch sensations with polymer tacticity and crystallinity
Authors: Nolin Abigail , Pierson Kelly , Hlibok Rainer , Lo Chun-Yuan , Kayser Laure V. , Dhong Charles
Published: May 2022

Humans can distinguish thin films of polystyrene which differed only in their degree of crystallinity.
Temperature-controlled dripping-onto-substrate (DoS) extensional rheometry of polymer micelle solutions
Authors: Zhang Diana Y. , Calabrese Michelle A.
Published: May 2022

Temperature-controlled dripping-onto-substrate extensional rheology reveals rich flow behaviors in thermosensitive polymer micelle solutions and highlights the importance of using a minimally-disruptive technique to study microstructured fluids.
Underwater magneto-driven air de-bubbler
Authors: Gunatilake Udara Bimendra , Alvarez-Braña Yara , Ojeda Edilberto , Basabe-Desmonts Lourdes , Benito-Lopez Fernando
Published: May 2022

Magneto-driven air de-bubbler: a flexible and easily adaptable strategy to efficiently collect, transport and evacuate underwater-deposited air bubbles by remote manipulation, using superhydrophobic ferromagnetic particles.
Synthesis of photocatalytic pore size-tuned ZnO molecular foams
Authors: Warren Zachary , Guaraldo Thais Tasso , Wenk Jannis , Mattia Davide
Published: May 2022

MolFoams, photocatalytic foams synthesised via sol gel to form a continuous monolith free from discrete particles, effectively removed carbamazepine, a known organic micropollutant, outperforming both slurries and supported photocatalysts.
Influence of chromophore spacing on the stability and efficiency of host-free sky-blue dendrimer organic light emitting diodes
Authors: Graf von Reventlow Lorenz , Koodalingam Manikandan , Siebert Christian , Marlow Philipp , Puttock Emma V. , Burn Paul L. , Colsmann Alexander
Published: May 2022

Doubly dendronized blue phosphorescent emitters promote more efficient and stable OLEDs than their singly dendronized counterparts. Degradation occurs as red electromer emission attributable to the detachment of the ligands and/or dendrons.
Tunable fluorescence emission for multi-color light-emitting diodes and voice-activated intelligent lighting applications
Authors: Liu Yiwei , Wang Yuanwei , Song Xinyi , Wang Xiaohui , Zhu Haoxian , Zhang Juchang , Bai Jie , Redshaw Carl , Ni Xin-Long , Feng Xing , Wang Dong , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: May 2022

A simple push-pull system is presented to control the energy gap of organic luminescent molecules; the latter have been employed in voice activated LED devices.
Topology optimization for quasistatic elastoplasticity
Authors: Almi Stefano , Stefanelli Ulisse
Published: May 2022

Topology optimization is concerned with the identification of optimal shapes of deformable bodies with respect to given target functionals. The focus of this paper is on a topology optimization problem for a time-evolving elastoplastic medium under kinematic hardening. We adopt a phase-field approach and argue by subsequent approximations, first by discretizing time and then by regularizing the flow rule. Existence of optimal shapes is proved both at the time-discrete and time-continuous level, independently of the regularization. First order optimality conditions are firstly obtained in the regularized time-discrete setting and then proved to pass to the nonregularized time-continuous limit. The phase-field approximation is shown to pass to its sharp-interface limit via an evolutive variational convergence argument.
Zukunft! – Von soweit her bis hierhin – Von hier aus noch viel weiter
Authors: Flechtner Henning
Published: May 2022

An der alten Eisenbahnhubbrücke über die Elbe unterhalb des Magdeburger Doms ist flussaufwärts die Lichtinstallation des Künstlers Maurizio Nannucci zu sehen mit der Inschrift in Glasbuchstaben: „Von soweit her bis hierhin“. Auf der anderen Seite liest man vom Schiff aus: „Von hier aus noch viel weiter“. Als Explikation des Kongressmottos „Zukunft!“ sollte diese Flussmetapher uns in und durch den Kongress leiten und Richtschnur für die inhaltliche Ortsbestimmung sein.
Stillstand im OP
Authors: Baumgärtner Julian , Batton Maurice
Published: May 2022

Wie lässt sich ein Kreislaufstillstand im zeitlichen Umfeld einer Operation vermeiden? Und falls es doch dazu kommt, wie gehen die beteiligten Disziplinen damit um? Die beiden Autoren haben die Reanimation im perioperativen Setting und deren Management genauer unter die Lupe genommen. Mit ihrem Beitrag haben sie den 4. Platz beim Thieme intensiv-Pflegepreis 2020 belegt.
Blood Pressure Levels and Maternal Outcome in Women with Preeclampsia – a Retrospective Study from a Large Tertiary Obstetric Centre
Authors: Willy Daniela , Willy Kevin , Köster Helen-Ann , Braun Janina , Möllers Mareike , Sourouni Marina , Klockenbusch Walter , Schmitz Ralf , Oelmeier Kathrin
Published: May 2022

Introduction Patients with high blood pressure levels are at high risk for acute complications as well as serious long-term consequences. Women with preeclampsia often experience
very high blood pressure levels during pregnancy and postpartum and are also known to have a higher cardiovascular risk in later life.

Material and Methods In our single-centre retrospective cohort study, we analysed 158 pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia in regard to maternal outcome. We divided the patient
cohort into three subgroups according to the blood pressure levels during hospital stay.

Results Pre-existing arterial hypertension was significantly more common in patients with a hypertensive crisis (systolic blood pressure ≥ 180 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure
≥ 120 mmHg) during pregnancy than in patients with moderate or severe hypertension (p = 0.001). Women with a hypertensive crisis had an unfavourable outcome compared to women with lower
blood pressure levels. These women developed a HELLP-syndrome significantly more often (p = 0.013). Moreover, most of the women with a hypertensive crisis during pregnancy were still
hypertensive at hospital discharge (p = 0.004), even though they were administrated antihypertensive agents more often (p < 0.001) compared to women with lower blood pressure values.

Conclusion Preeclamptic women with hypertensive crises should be identified quickly and monitored closely to avoid further complications. Standardized follow-up programs are lacking,
but especially these patients seem to be at high risk for persistent hypertension and increased cardiovascular morbidity and therefore should receive specialist follow-up, including
hypertensiologists, cardiologists and gynaecologists. Large prospective trials are required for a better understanding of these interrelations and to develop a specific follow-up
program.
Geschlechtsinkongruenz im Kindes- und Jugendalter
Authors: Romer Georg Romer , Lempp Thomas
Published: May 2022

In diesem Artikel wird ein praxisnaher Überblick über den aktuellen Wissensstand zur Geschlechtsinkongruenz und Geschlechtsdysphorie im Kindes- und Jugendalter dargestellt. Ausgehend von dem in der ICD-11 vollzogenen Paradigmenwechsel, wonach die Geschlechtsinkongruenz keine psychische Störung ist, werden die wichtigsten sich daraus ergebenden Neuerungen für den professionellen Umgang mit Geschlechtsdiversität diskutiert. Im Vordergrund steht dabei die Unterstützung geschlechtsdiverser Personen, ein Leben im empfundenen Geschlecht zu führen. Bei einer Geschlechtsinkongruenz im Kindesalter besteht meist kein weiterer Behandlungsbedarf. Im Jugendalter kann die fortschreitende körperliche Reifung zu einem geschlechtsdysphorischen Leidensdruck führen, der neben unterstützender Psychotherapie häufig die Empfehlung für gestufte somatomedizinische Interventionen zum Aufhalten der pubertären Reifung und zur Geschlechtsangleichung begründet. Die Voraussetzungen für individuelle Indikationen werden gemeinsam mit den hierbei zu berücksichtigenden ethischen Maßgaben ausgeführt.
Untersuchungen zum Einsatz des jodhaltigen Kontrastmittels Amidotrizoesäure beim Kaninchen (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Authors: Dierig Julie-Ann , Fehr Michael , Leiter Ina , Reuschel Maximilian
Published: May 2022

Gegenstand und Ziel In dieser Studie wurde der Einsatz des jodhaltigen Kontrastmittels (KM) Amidotrizoat an gesunden und an Kaninchen mit einer Magendilatation und einem Verdacht auf eine intestinale Obstruktion untersucht. Dazu wurden die Passagezeiten durch den Magendarmtrakt und der klinische Einsatz innerhalb eines Jahres untersucht. Außerdem wurde ein möglicher Einfluss auf Schilddrüsenhormone evaluiert.

Material und Methoden Die KM-Passagezeiten durch die einzelnen Darmabschnitte wurden an 14 gesunden Kaninchen röntgenologisch untersucht. Dazu wurden 7 ml/kg einer Lösung mit 300 mg Iod/ml und 600 mg Amidotrizoat/ml verabreicht und die Tiere in zeitlichen Abständen erneut geröntgt. Zur Untersuchung der Schilddrüsenhormone (TT4, fT4, TSH) wurden 3 verschiedene Dosierungen (D1 2 ml/kg, D2 7 ml/kg, D3 10 ml/kg) verabreicht und an 2 Zeitpunkten (60 min, 24 h) Blutproben entnommen. Außerdem wurden innerhalb eines Jahres 70 Kaninchen, die wegen einer Magendilatation und dem Verdacht einer Obstruktion das Kontrastmittel Amidotrizoat erhalten hatten, mit Augenmerk auf den Nachweis von Kontrastmittel im Zäkum, Laborveränderungen und Mortalitäten retrospektiv ausgewertet

Ergebnisse Bei allen gesunden Kaninchen war im Mittel nach 45–60 min Kontrastmittel im Zäkum nachweisbar. Bei den erkrankten Tieren zeigte sich dies im Mittel nach 121,2 min. Diese Patienten wiesen zu 92,4 % eine Hypothermie, zu 45,9 % eine Hyperglykämie, zu 56,1 % eine Erhöhung von Harnstoff und zu 33,9 % eine Erhöhung des Kreatinins auf. 71,4 % konnten medikamentös versorgt werden, wobei 12 % dieser Fälle letal verliefen. 28,6 % chirurgisch versorgte Kaninchen wiesen eine Mortalität von 50 % auf. Die TT4-
, fT4-
und TSH-Bestimmungen ergaben unter allen 3 Dosierungen signifikante Abweichungen (p < 0,05). Die Werte erwiesen sich bei einer Kontrolluntersuchung 2 Wochen später als transient.

Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz Bei Verdacht eines Ileus beim Kaninchen kann neben dem Einsatz von nativen Röntgenaufnahmen Amidotrizoat für die Bewertung des Krankheitsverlaufs hilfreich sein. Eine Kontrolle der Nierenfunktion und eine Hydrierung des Tieres sind anzuraten. Es konnten transiente Veränderungen der Schilddrüsenhormone nachgewiesen werden, die aber ohne klinische Relevanz blieben.
Can the Processed EEG Be Utilized as a Cerebral Ischemia Monitor during the Temporary Clip Application in Anterior Circulation Aneurysm Surgery?
Authors: Mariappan Ramamani , Krothapalli Srinivasa B. , Nair Bijesh R. , Alexander Benjamin F.
Published: May 2022

Patients undergoing cerebral aneurysm clipping are at risk for cerebral ischemia. Ischemic tolerance varies among individuals. Hence, multimodal intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) is essential. IONM is not available in many centers. This case report highlights the utilization of processed electroencephalography (EEG) as a cerebral ischemia monitor during temporary clip application. Our patient underwent clipping of a ruptured anterior-communicating artery aneurysm. After the temporary clip applications on the right and left, A1 arterial segments led to a transient drop of somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs). At the same time, the frontal four-channel processed EEG showed a burst suppression (BS) pattern. Blood pressure augmentation and the removal of temporary clips helped restore the SSEP back to baseline and the disappearance of the BS pattern in processed EEG. During the steady state of anesthesia, the sudden appearance of the BS pattern in processed EEG can be attributed to clip-induced cerebral ischemia after ruling out other potential causes for BS.
A Rare Case of Drug Interaction Presenting as Perioperative Hyperthermia in a Patient Presenting for Neurosurgery
Authors: Suresh Sapna , Hrishi Ajay P. , Sethuraman Manikandan
Published: May 2022

Perioperative hyperthermia has many differential diagnoses. This case report describes the rare causation of perioperative hyperthermia in a patient presenting for epilepsy surgery. The patient had two episodes of hyperthermia, initially post-anesthetic induction and later in the immediate post-operative period. The quest for the etiology sheds light on a rare drug interaction between topiramate, an antiepileptic drug, and glycopyrrolate causing intraoperative hyperthermia. However, the literature has not reported drug interaction between topiramate and glycopyrrolate resulting in perioperative hyperthermia. The combination of a glycopyrrolate-induced rise in temperature and oligohidrosis could have resulted in hyperthermia in our patient. Thus, it is prudent to avoid glycopyrrolate in the perioperative period when patients are on topiramate.
A Narrative Review on Translational Research in Acute Brain Injury
Authors: Mahajan Charu , Kapoor Indu , Prabhakar Hemanshu
Published: May 2022

There has been a constant endeavor to reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with acute brain injury. The associated complex mechanisms involving biomechanics, markers, and neuroprotective drugs/measures have been extensively studied in preclinical studies with an ultimate aim to improve the patients' outcomes. Despite such efforts, only few have been successfully translated into clinical practice. In this review, we shall be discussing the major hurdles in the translation of preclinical results into clinical practice. The need is to choose an appropriate animal model, keeping in mind the species, age, and gender of the animal, choosing suitable outcome measures, ensuring quality of animal trials, and carrying out systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental studies before proceeding to human trials. The interdisciplinary collaboration between the preclinical and clinical scientists will help to design better, meaningful trials which might help a long way in successful translation. Although challenging at this stage, the advent of translational precision medicine will help the integration of mechanism-centric translational medicine and patient-centric precision medicine.
Who Is Healthy? A Review of How Equine Control Groups Are Defined in Clinical Orthopaedic Research 1999–2021
Authors: Wrangberg Tobias , Kendall Anna
Published: May 2022

Introduction Proper identification of healthy subjects is essential in case–control studies. However, standardized definitions of healthy controls are lacking in equine orthopaedic research.

Objectives The aim of this study was to define the non-invasive methods used for selecting healthy control horses in osteoarthritis (OA), desmitis and tendinitis research.

Methods Systematic review. Case–control studies with a healthy control group and longitudinal studies where horses had to be healthy at the start were included. Studies where joints were visualized by arthroscopy or post-mortem examination were excluded.

Results From 2,472 OA papers and 2,746 desmitis/tendinitis papers, 127 and 84 papers met the inclusion criteria respectively. For OA, 11 methods were identified for defining healthy subjects with a median of three methods used per paper. Dynamic examination, radiographic evaluation and clinical examination were the most frequent. Eight different methods were identified in the desmitis/tendinitis papers with a median of three methods per paper; ultrasonography, clinical- and dynamic examination were the most frequent.

Conclusions Overall, the OA and desmitis/tendinitis studies used similar methods for defining subjects as healthy, but the way the examinations were performed and interpreted was inconsistent. In several studies, healthy controls were not examined for lameness. The most common methods have limitations for detecting horses with early OA, which may have implications for interpretation of results. Standardized use of more sensitive and objective methods could be beneficial.
A Case Report of Two Bahraini Siblings Presenting with Different Rare Neurogenetic Disorders: Congenital Insensitivity to Pain with Anhidrosis and Rigid Spine Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Ahmed Suha , Malalla Husain , Busehail Mariam
Published: May 2022

Congenital insensitivity to pain and anhidrosis (CIPA) is a rare autosomal recessive disease and can pose a diagnostic challenge, as the initial presentation of the disease is varied and can be attributed to different causes. Muscular dystrophies are genetically and clinically heterogeneous. We describe a 2-year-old Bahraini boy who was evaluated in the neonatal period for pyrexia of unknown origin, and then noticed to have recurrent respiratory and gastrointestinal infections during infancy and abnormal behavior (self-mutilation). Whole-exome sequencing identified homozygous pathogenic variant in the NTRK1 gene. His 4 years old sister was followed by the pediatric neurology team for unexplained fluctuating muscle weakness since the age of 2 years. A genetic etiology was suspected in her case, in view of positive family history with similar presentation and the whole-exome sequencing revealed homozygous likely pathogenic variant in the SELENON gene, consistent with a genetic diagnosis of autosomal recessive disorders associated with SELENON gene.
LVP vs TIPS for Refractory Ascites: Where Do We Stand?
Authors: Varma Rakesh K. , Singh Karan Bir , Bready Eric , Singh Deepak , Caridi Theresa M. , Shoreibah Mohamed
Published: May 2022

Ascites is the most common complication of end stage liver disease. Refractory ascites is considered a poor prognostic indicator and impacts quality of life, overall survival and contributes significantly to the cost associated with its management. Serial large volume paracentesis (LVP) and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement are the most utilized procedures for the management of refractory ascites and have their advantages and disadvantages. The pathophysiology of ascites in cirrhosis is multifactorial which makes management complex, requiring the consideration of multiple clinical and biochemical variables to guide the appropriate management. This article provides a broad overview of LVP and TIPS, with review of the latest clinical trials and meta-analyses to help guide the management of refractory ascites and improve patient outcomes.
Generating and Reporting Electronic Clinical Quality Measures from Electronic Health Records: Strategies from EvidenceNOW Cooperatives
Authors: Richardson Joshua E. , Rasmussen Luke V. , Dorr David A. , Sirkin Jenna T. , Shelley Donna , Rivera Adovich , Wu Winfred , Cykert Samuel , Cohen Deborah J. , Kho Abel N.
Published: May 2022

Background Electronic clinical quality measures (eCQMs) from electronic health records (EHRs) are a key component of quality improvement (QI) initiatives in small-to-medium size primary care practices, but using eCQMs for QI can be challenging. Organizational strategies are needed to effectively operationalize eCQMs for QI in these practice settings.

Objective This study aimed to characterize strategies that seven regional cooperatives participating in the EvidenceNOW initiative developed to generate and report EHR-based eCQMs for QI in small-to-medium size practices.

Methods A qualitative study comprised of 17 interviews with representatives from all seven EvidenceNOW cooperatives was conducted. Interviewees included administrators were with both strategic and cooperative-level operational responsibilities and external practice facilitators were with hands-on experience helping practices use EHRs and eCQMs. A subteam conducted 1-hour semistructured telephone interviews with administrators and practice facilitators, then analyzed interview transcripts using immersion crystallization. The analysis and a conceptual model were vetted and approved by the larger group of coauthors.

Results Cooperative strategies consisted of efforts in four key domains. First, cooperative adaptation shaped overall strategies for calculating eCQMs whether using EHRs, a centralized source, or a “hybrid strategy” of the two. Second, the eCQM generation described how EHR data were extracted, validated, and reported for calculating eCQMs. Third, practice facilitation characterized how facilitators with backgrounds in health information technology (IT) delivered services and solutions for data capture and quality and practice support. Fourth, performance reporting strategies and tools informed QI efforts and how cooperatives could alter their approaches to eCQMs.

Conclusion Cooperatives ultimately generated and reported eCQMs using hybrid strategies because they determined neither EHRs alone nor centralized sources alone could operationalize eCQMs for QI. This required cooperatives to devise solutions and utilize resources that often are unavailable to typical small-to-medium-sized practices. The experiences from EvidenceNOW cooperatives provide insights into how organizations can plan for challenges and operationalize EHR-based eCQMs.
New-Work-Modell: Wie sieht das perfekte Gesundheitssystem aus, Frau Starker?
Authors: Kohrs Jens
Published: May 2022

Unzufrieden sind alle. Pflegekräfte, Mediziner, Klinikleitungen. Das Buch „New Work in der Medizin“ formuliert einen radikalen Gegenentwurf für das deutsche Gesundheitssystem – und zeigt Wege und Beispiele, wie er umgesetzt werden kann. kma hat mit der Initiatorin Vera Starker gesprochen.
Bubble generation and growth mechanism in PMMA microfluidic chip
Authors: Jia Lianchao , Li Zhiyong , Wei Qingquan
Published: May 2022

Bubbles often impede microfluidic chip functionality, especially in areas where heating is required. In this article, the mechanism of bubble generation and growth in polymethyl methacrylate microchannels was analyzed. The sources of bubbles were taken into consideration: (i) dissolved gas in the liquid, (ii) insoluble gas in cavities of the channel, and (iii) the gas produced by the phase change of the liquid. The factors that affect bubbles in microchannels were analyzed, including the liquid flow rate, surface modification of channels, and pressure on the fluid in the microchannel. Three sets of experiments were designed and carried out, and the results demonstrated that the bubbles in the microchannel can be shrunk and even eliminated by improving the flow rate, modifying channel surface properties, and increasing the liquid pressure.
Molecular dynamics simulation of kinetic boundary conditions and evaporation/condensation coefficients of direct-contact condensation in two-phase jet
Authors: Zhou Ying , Li YuLong
Published: May 2022

Using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, the kinetic boundary condition (KBC) for direct-contact condensation in two-phase jet and its evaporation and condensation coefficients were studied to solve the Boltzmann equation. The evaporating and reflecting molecular behaviors were studied in detail. The normalized velocity distributions of reflecting molecules in the z-direction before and after reflection fit the Maxwell velocity distribution shifted by two large macroscopic velocities toward and away from the liquid surface owing to the strong net condensation rate. A singular definition of the evaporation coefficient has not been obtained in previous studies. We used a two-boundary method to count the evaporation coefficient and define a parameter to connect our result and the spontaneous evaporation coefficient. The condensation coefficient was studied using the condensation probability and showed larger than the evaporation coefficient in direct-contact condensation states. Both the evaporation and condensation coefficients were not independent of the incoming mass flux. When the incoming mass flux was small, the values of these two coefficients were close to the values under equilibrium states. Based on these results, we constructed the KBC of direct-contact condensation.
What does it mean to wear a mask?
Authors: Geeraerts Dirk
Published: May 2022

If first-order empathy is the ability of Self to take into account Other’s point of view, then second-order empathy may be identified as the ability of Self to take into account Other’s point of view as including a view of Self. Considering that a hearer may choose between a first-order empathic and a second-order empathic interpretation of speaker utterances, second-order empathy introduces a pervasive indeterminacy in speaker-hearer interactions. The paper introduces this ambiguity potential in terms of the semiotics of face mask wearing during the corona pandemic, and then extrapolates the ensuing pattern of interpretative options to representative speech acts. The interaction between degree of empathy on one hand, and on the other the convergence or divergence of speaker and hearer beliefs is shown to yield six basic interpretative configurations: assertion, mistake, agreement, disagreement, irony, deception. Recognizing this ambiguity potential of second-order empathy is relevant for linguistic intersubjectivity research and post-Gricean pragmatics, and for the psychological theory of mind paradigm.
Bed bugs.
Authors: Dhang Partho , Koehler Philip , Pereira Roberto , Dye, II Daniel D.
Published: May 2022

This chapter contains key questions regarding bed bugs including distinction, taxonomy, survival, morphology and such.
Drywood termites.
Authors: Dhang Partho , Koehler Philip , Pereira Roberto , Dye II Daniel D.
Published: May 2022

This book discusses drywood termites. The characteristics of this group are based on the alates (winged primary reproductives) and includes the presence of ocelli, a left mandible with two marginal teeth, 2-segmented cerci, antennae with 10 to 24 segments, and lack of a fontanelle. The colony of the dry wood termite consists of a labyrinth of gallery systems inside wood that expands with time as the population increases. Unlike subterranean termites, a drywood colony does not need to forage for food; however, with the passing of time the colony can face a serious depletion of food. However, the common name often associated with this family, "dry wood", is misleading. The control of drywood termite starts with visual inspection which is possible when the affected wood is accessible. Drywood termites were first recognized as a distinct group in the late 19th century and assigned to the family Kalotermitidae. The architecture of the gallery system consists of narrow passageways that inter-connect to a number of larger feeding chambers. Colony fusion between two colonies is known to occur after they contact each other in the same wooden material. Fumigation by use of registered fumigants is an efficient and effective method for large infestations. Prevention of infestation from drywood termites is another method of controlling damage.
Rodents.
Authors: Dhang Partho , Koehler Philip , Pereira Roberto , Dye, II Daniel D.
Published: May 2022

This chapter provides key questions (and answers) in urban pest management, focusing on rodents. Rats and mice are among the most common vertebrate pests found in urban environments, specifically in buildings. They are troublesome because they are well-adapted to live alongside people but destroy or contaminate food products (such as fruit, vegetables, grains and meat) and fabrics, cause structural damage, damage wires, which increases the risk of fires, and are also carriers of disease organisms.
Handling pesticides.
Authors: Dhang Partho , Koehler Philip G. , Pereira Roberto M. , Dye, II Daniel D.
Published: May 2022

This chapter provides key questions on handling of pesticides used for the urban pest management industry. These pesticides are selective in their toxicity to affect the survival, development, and reproduction of the target pest species, and they have greater adverse effects on pests than on humans and other non-target species. However, applicators should not underestimate the effects of pesticide exposure when they use improper mixing, application, and safety equipment, and do not take precautions to protect themselves. Pesticide safety awareness can minimize the potential adverse effects of excessive exposure on the job.
Answers.
Authors: Dhang Partho , Koehler Philip , Pereira Roberto , Dye II Daniel D.
Published: May 2022

This book is designed as a general revision guide with a little over 500 key questions and answers, in our effort to make knowledge on urban pest management handy to review, and available in a trainable form.
Precise sinusoidal signal extraction from noisy waveform in vibration calibration
Authors: Shimoda Tomofumi , Kokuyama Wataru , Nozato Hideaki
Published: May 2022

Precise extraction of sinusoidal vibration parameters is essential for the dynamic calibration of vibration sensors, such as accelerometers. However, several standard methods have not yet been optimized for large background noise. In this work, signal processing methods to extract small vibration signals from noisy data in the case of accelerometer calibration are discussed. The results show that spectral leakage degrades calibration accuracy. Three methods based on the use of a filter, window function, and numerical differentiation are investigated to reduce the contribution of the calibration system noise. We demonstrate the effectiveness of these methods with theoretical calculations, simulations, and experiments. The uncertainty of microvibration calibration in the National Metrology Institute of Japan is reduced by two orders of magnitudes using the proposed methods. We recommend to use a combination of numerical differentiation and either a time-domain window function or a bandpass filter for most accelerometer microvibration sensitivity calibrations. For suppressing the effects of line noise, adjusting the data set length is also effective.
Numerical investigation on the interaction between cavitation and vortex in a Venturi tube based on Liutex method
Authors: Liang Yunzhi , Zhang Zuti , Cheng Huaiyu , Long Xinping
Published: May 2022

In this paper, the cavitating flow in a venturi tube is simulated by LES combined with the ZGB cavitation model. A satisfying agreement between the numerical and experimental results is obtained. The comparison among Liutex method, vorticity method, Q method, λ
ci method and Ω method has shown that Liutex method could suppress interference of shearing and preserve intensity of vortex. Thus, Liutex vortex identification method was selected to analyse the interaction between cavitation and vortex based on our numerical results. It is found that the strong vortex ring in the throat induces the cavitation ring. The ring shape cavitation cloud develops into the diffuser and separates from the wall, where small vortices occur. Forced by the re-entrant flow and small vortices, the thickness of cavities reduces, resulting in the breaking and shedding of cavities. Shedding cavities rapidly collapse, strengthening the intensity of vortices around the cavities.