bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FATORES DE RISCO PARA INFECÇÕES PÓS-APLICAÇÃO DE TOXINA BOTULÍNICA
Authors: Curi Patrícia , Quintino João Victor Soares , Golin Isadora Zanette , Nunes Beatriz Carnevalli Motta , Paixão Mariana Brito
Published: May 2024

As infecções pós-aplicação de toxina botulínica representam uma preocupação significativa na prática médica, especialmente em procedimentos estéticos e terapêuticos que envolvem injeções intramusculares. Com o aumento da popularidade desses procedimentos nos últimos anos, a compreensão dos fatores de risco associados tornou-se crucial para a prevenção e o manejo eficaz dessas complicações. Este estudo visa explorar e analisar os fatores de risco relevantes para infecções pós-aplicação de toxina botulínica, utilizando uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Objetivo: O objetivo desta revisão sistemática é identificar, sintetizar e avaliar criticamente a literatura existente sobre os fatores de risco para infecções pós-aplicação de toxina botulínica, visando fornecer uma compreensão abrangente desses fatores e suas implicações na prática clínica. Metodologia: A revisão sistemática foi conduzida de acordo com as diretrizes do PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). As bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Web of Science foram pesquisadas para identificar artigos relevantes publicados nos últimos 10 anos. Os descritores utilizados foram "toxina botulínica", "infecção", "fatores de risco", "complicações" e "injeção intramuscular". Os critérios de inclusão foram: estudos originais que investigaram fatores de risco para infecções pós-aplicação de toxina botulínica, publicados em inglês ou português nos últimos 10 anos. Os critérios de exclusão foram: estudos duplicados, revisões narrativas, estudos com amostras pequenas e estudos que não abordaram especificamente os fatores de risco para infecções. Resultados: Os resultados desta revisão sistemática destacaram vários fatores de risco associados a infecções pós-aplicação de toxina botulínica, incluindo imunossupressão, técnica inadequada de administração, contaminação do produto e condições do ambiente. Além disso, foram identificados aspectos relacionados ao paciente, ao procedimento e ao ambiente que contribuem para o aumento do risco de infecção. Conclusão: Esta revisão sistemática proporciona uma visão abrangente dos fatores de risco para infecções pós-aplicação de toxina botulínica. A compreensão desses fatores é fundamental para orientar práticas clínicas seguras e eficazes, visando a prevenção e o manejo adequado dessas complicações. Mais estudos são necessários para elucidar completamente a relação entre esses fatores e o desenvolvimento de infecções, possibilitando uma abordagem mais precisa na avaliação de risco e na implementação de medidas preventivas.
IMPOSTO SOBRE GRANDES FORTUNAS: A POSSIBILIDADE E SUA LIMITAÇÃO AO SER IMPLEMENTADO
Authors: Barros Silmar da Silva , Roveroni Antônio José
Published: May 2024

O estudo atual abordou, em primeiro lugar, uma perspectiva ampla, porém concisa da disparidade social no Brasil, com o objetivo de estabelecer uma tributação justa. Foi destacada a influência do poder de tributação do Estado na redução da desigualdade socioeconômica, mencionando elementos históricos que contribuem para a atual disparidade. Introduziu-se o conceito de equidade tributária e fiscal, para demonstrar a viabilidade de uma tributação gradual, baseada na capacidade contributiva de cada indivíduo. Destacou-se a necessidade urgente de reformar o sistema tributário brasileiro, promovendo uma mudança de perspectiva, conforme sugerido por diversos estudiosos e contemplado na proposta de emenda constitucional nº132/2023. A partir dessa análise, o estudo abordou os pontos específicos dessa emenda, relacionados à tributação progressiva das grandes riquezas, discutindo tanto as discordâncias quanto as vantagens de sua implementação. Para isso, foram utilizadas pesquisas bibliográficas, documentais e jurisprudenciais como metodologia, visando esclarecer como a disparidade social no Brasil pode ser mitigada através de um sistema tributário mais equitativo e eficaz na distribuição dos recursos arrecadados.
Modeling the contribution of leads to sea spray aerosol in the high Arctic
Authors: Lapere Rémy , Marelle Louis , Rampal Pierre , Brodeau Laurent , Melsheimer Christian , Spreen Gunnar , Thomas Jennie L.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Elongated open water areas in sea ice (leads) release sea spray particles to the atmosphere. However, there is limited knowledge on the amount, properties and drivers of sea spray emitted from leads, and no existing parameterization of this process is available for use in models. In this work, we use measurements of aerosol fluxes from Nilsson et al. (2001) to produce an estimate of the location, timing and amount of sea spray emissions from leads at the scale of the Arctic Ocean for one year. Lead fractions are derived using sea ice data sets from numerical models and satellite detection. The proposed parameterization estimates that leads account for 0.3 %–3 % of the annual sea salt aerosol number emissions in the high Arctic. Assuming similar size distribution as emissions from the open ocean, leads account for 30 %–85 % of mass emissions in sea ice regions. The total annual mass of sea salt emitted from leads, 0.1–1.9 Tg yr-1, is comparable to the mass of sea salt aerosol transported above sea ice from the open ocean, according to the MERRA-2 reanalysis. In addition to providing the first estimates of possible upper and lower bounds of sea spray emissions from leads, the conceptual model developed in this work is implemented and tested in the regional atmospheric chemistry model WRF-Chem. Given the estimates obtained in this work, the impact of sea spray from leads on Arctic clouds and radiative budget needs to be further explored.
Reviews and synthesis: increasing hypoxia in eastern boundary upwelling systems: a major stressor for zooplankton
Authors: Frederick Leissing , Urbina Mauricio A. , Escribano Ruben
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Eastern boundary upwelling systems (EBUS) are ecologically and economically important marine regions of the world ocean. In these systems, zooplankton play a pivotal role in transferring primary production up through the food web. Recent studies show that global warming is causing a gradual deoxygenation of the world ocean, while in EBUS a vertical expansion of the subsurface oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) along with increased wind-driven upwelling are taking place, further exacerbating hypoxic conditions for zooplankton inhabiting the upwelling zone. Hypoxia can affect zooplankton by disrupting their respiration, migration, reproduction, and development. These effects however depend on some specific adaptations of organisms that have evolved in habitats, permanently or episodically, subjected to low oxygen waters. Various metabolic, physiological, behavioural, and morphological adaptations have been described in zooplankton interacting with the OMZ. Nevertheless, these adaptive responses of zooplankton to withstand mild or severe hypoxia, and the eventual oxidative stress derived from highly fluctuating oxygen conditions, may develop in association with trade-offs related to other metabolic/energy-demanding processes. New demands imply a reduction in energy otherwise available for growth, feeding and reproduction with further ecological consequences for the populations. This paper reviews and explores the existence or lack of such adaptive responses and their role for zooplankton dynamics in EBUS with major consequences for the pelagic food web and biological productivity.
Evaluation of the WRF-Chem Performance for gaseous pollutants over the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Yarragunta Yesobu , Francis Diana , Fonseca Ricardo , Nelli Narendra
Published: May 2024

Abstract. This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) in simulating meteorological parameters and concentrations of gaseous pollutants across the United Arab Emirates (UAE) for the months of June and December 2018, representing the contrasting climatic conditions of summer and winter. The assessment of WRF-Chem performance involved comparisons with ground-based observations for meteorological parameters and satellite retrievals from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) for gaseous pollutants. The assessment of gaseous pollutants using the WRF-Chem model revealed distinct patterns in the estimation of pollutant levels across different areas and seasons. The comparison with TROPOMI column concentration revealed the model's strengths in simulating tropospheric NO2 and total O3 spatio-temporal patterns, although it had deficiencies in modelling the total CO column concentrations. The model exhibited a strong correlation with TROPOMI retrievals, with correlation coefficients ranging between 0.71 and 0.95 for summer and 0.86 to 0.94 for winter among these gaseous pollutants. It tended to slightly overestimate NO2 levels, with a higher discrepancy observed in summer (0.24 x 1015 molecules/cm2) compared to winter (0.19 x 1015 molecules/cm2). When comparing WRF-Chem to TROPOMI-CO data, the discrepancies were more pronounced, showing an overestimation of 0.48 x 1018 molecules/cm2 in summer and a significant underestimation of 1.13 x 1018 molecules/cm2 in winter. The model consistently underestimated ozone levels in both seasons, by 0.15 x 1018 and 0.20 x 1018 molecules/cm2, respectively. Meteorological evaluations revealed the model's tendency to underestimate the 2-m temperature in summer and overestimate it in winter, with mean biases ranging from -2.17 to +1.19 °C and a Root Mean Square Error in the range of 0.8 to 5.9 °C among the stations. The model showed enhanced performance for the 10-m wind speed and downward shortwave radiation flux, reflecting advancements over previous studies. Therefore, the WRF-Chem model effectively simulates key meteorological parameters and pollutants over the UAE, demonstrating significant regional-scale prediction skills. Areas for further model refinement are also identified and discussed. Integrating model predictions with satellite and ground-based data is emphasized for advancing air quality monitoring and enhancing predictive accuracy of atmospheric pollutants in this region.
Spatial-temporal patterns of anthropogenic and biomass burning contributions on air pollution and mortality burden changes in India from 1995 to 2014
Authors: Luo Bin , Zhang Yuqiang , Tang Tao , Zhang Hongliang , Hu Jianlin , Mu Jiangshan , Wang Wenxing , Xue Likun
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions are the major sources of ambient air pollution. India has experienced a dramatic deterioration in air quality over the past few decades, but no systematic assessment has been made to investigate the individual contributions of anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions. In this study, we conducted a pioneering comprehensive analysis of the long-term trends of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) in India and their mortality burden changes from 1995 to 2014, using a state-of-the-art high-resolution global chemical transport model (CAM-chem). Our simulations revealed a substantial nationwide increase in annual mean PM2.5 (6.71 μg m-3 decade-1) and O3 (7.08 ppbv decade-1), with the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) and eastern central India as hotspots for PM2.5 and O3 trend changes individually. Noteworthy substantial O3 decreases were observed in the northern IGP which were potentially linked to NO titration due to a surge in NOx emissions. Sensitivity analyses highlighted anthropogenic emissions as primary contributors to rising PM2.5 and O3, while biomass burning played a prominent role in winter and spring. In years with high biomass burning activity, the contributions from BB on both PM2.5 and O3 changes were comparable with or even exceeding anthropogenic emissions in specific areas. The elevated air pollutants were associated with increased premature mortality attributable to PM2.5 and O3, leading to 97.83 K and 73.91 K per decade. Despite a per capita decrease in the IGP region, the increased population offset its effectiveness.
Closing an Information Gap in Geothermal Well Construction: Continuous Distributed Fiber-Optic Sensing for Improved Displacement Efficiency
Authors: Hart Johannes , Polat Berker , Schölderle Felix , Ledig Toni , Lipus Martin , Wollin Christopher , Reinsch Thomas , Krawczyk Charlotte
Published: May 2024

Geothermal reservoirs require reliable well-completion techniques to reach well integrity. Well, integrity means there are no flow paths behind the casing at all. While constructing the well, the drilling mud must be fully displaced by uncontaminated cement, measured in displacement efficiency. Conventional real-time measurements show average pumping parameters to control the cement job's success. However, studies show issues with well integrity worldwide. We aim to improve well integrity by closing an information gap within the construction phase using continuous distributed fiber-optic sensing with dense spatial sampling.
This study investigated the primary cementing of an 874 m surface casing in Munich, Germany. A fiber optic cable deployed behind the casing enabled the measurement of distributed dynamic strain rate (DDSS or DAS) and distributed temperature (DTS) during cement placement. We used field data from the cementing service, developed a fluid displacement model, and compared the results with those of the fiber optics.
While we can trace only the rise of a cold front in the temperature data, the combined interpretation of DAS data shows features that allow comprehensive insights into the subsurface displacement process. We observed two rising velocities at a constant pumping rate. We were able to correlate them to the rise of different fluid interfaces. We conclude that the freshwater spacer does not displace the drilling mud but the first arrival of cement. Once the breakouts are filled, the succeeding cement seeks the path of least resistance without displacing cement in the breakouts again.
Our findings suggest the possibility of tracking the rise of different fluids and the stability of their interfaces in real-time with distributed dynamic strain sensing. Having sensors along the borehole to track the displacement efficiency enables on-site reactions to ensure the cement jobs' success.
Use of distributed fibre sensing in marine geodesy
Authors: Murphy Shane , Palano Mimmo , Garreau Pierre , Terzariol Marco , Ker Stéphan , Cappelli Giuseppe , Quetel Lionel , Riccobene Giorgio , Aurnia Salvo , Viola Salvo , Pulvirenti Sara , Gutscher Marc-Andre
Published: May 2024

With 70% of the earth underwater, seafloor geodesy provides a vital means of measuring tectonic deformation in a zone where terrestrial geodesy cannot reach. The expense of placing, maintaining and recovering instruments and data from seafloor sensors makes their widespread use prohibitive.  Distributed fibre sensing techniques offer the opportunity to measure deformation along the seafloor at unprecedented spatial resolution and at a high sensitivity. An added advantage of this technology is that it can utilise pre-existing infrastructure such as telecommunication cables or cabled scientific seafloor observatories converting them into multi-node marine sensors. While much attention has focused on the application of DAS in seismology, the use of other distributed sensing techniques in the geosciences remains under studied. Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (BOTDR) provides a means of measuring relative changes in longitudinal strain and temperature on the order of a few meters with a sensitivity of micro-strain making it an ideal tool for marine geodesy. We will present a theoretical study investigating how it may be applied and what are challenges of using this technique. Using a dislocation model in linearly elastic half space media we demonstrate that the relationship between cable and fault geometry is a critical feature that needs to be accounted for when designing a geodetic survey. For example, in the case of a strike slip fault a cable at a 45° angle relative to the fault strike will be more sensitive compared to a cable traversing the same fault at 90° . We will also demonstrate what information on imaging tectonic slip could provide by cables through the calculation of resolution kernels for a variety of different faults. Finally, we discuss some of the challenges to the use of BOTDR in marine environments. Using BOTDR data collected continuously over a period of 1.5 years starting in May 2021 on the INFN-LNS cable which extends offshore Catania, we demonstrate the effect seasonal water temperature plays on strain readings. We also discuss observations from laboratory geotechnical experiments that demonstrate the importance of accounting for phenomena such as cable buckling and coupling. 
Towards continuous fibre-optic monitoring in the oceans with submarine telecommunications cables – the SUBMERSE project
Authors: Tilmann Frederik , Atherton Chris , Asero Carmela , Evangelidis Christos , Charalampakis Marinos , Landrø Martin , Rondenay Stephane , Ottemöller Lars , Maji Vikram , Corela Carlos , Matias Luis , Custódio Susana , Schlaphorst David , Strollo Angelo , Xiao Han , Papapostolou Athanasia , Perivoliotis Leonidas , Morten Jan Petter , Heinloo Andres , Loureiro Afonso ,   SUBMERSE WP3 team (additional members)
Published: May 2024

In the last few years, a number of technologies to use fiber optic cables as sensing devices have been established, among them Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) and State-of-Polarisation (SoP). The potential of these technologies for monitoring a range of Earth System parameters in submarine cables has been demonstrated through several pilot experiments, but full integration with telecommunication infrastructure has not yet been achieved. The SUBMERSE (SUBMarinE cables for ReSearch and Exploration) project links Research and Education Networks (RENs), universities, research institutes and industry to establish multi-method monitoring along submarine optical telecommunication cables at several key oceanic cable routes branching off from Sines in Portugal, Madeira, Svalbard and in the Ionian Sea, and in addition the Transatlantic cable between Fortaleza and Sines. Those pilot sites should serve as a blueprint for establishing continuous monitoring services along many more cables.
The project comprises technical developments for integrating DAS and SoP measurements, for establishing differential SoP measurements between repeaters and for operating DAS in a co-existence mode, i.e., in fibers also carrying telecommunications traffic. Furthermore, a range of geoscientific and marine biology use cases are included, which seek to establish code/services for monitoring earthquakes and tsunamis, tracking whales, measuring the sea state and other Earth System variables. The data collected by SUBMERSE will be distributed according to FAIR principles through established community-specific distribution channels such as EIDA for seismological data, with exceptions for security sensitive time periods, spatial or frequency ranges.
The presentation will present some example data and methodological developments in the context of this project. Furthermore, an outlook on the seismological real-time and archive products will be provided.
On the benefit of collecting the seismic divergence using Distributed Acoustic Sensing with coiled fiber
Authors: Edme Pascal , Kiers Tjeerd , Sollberger David , Robertsson Johan
Published: May 2024

Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) captures the longitudinal strain fluctuations along fiber optic cables. With locally straight cables, the measurement is closely related to the horizontal gradient of the horizontal velocity fields ∂xVx which could alternatively be obtained by differencing closely spaced conventional point sensors such as geophones and seismometers. The latter approach however often suffers from instrument and deployment perturbations as well as finite-difference bias and we discuss the advantage of using DAS to obtain higher fidelity gradients over a larger operating bandwidth, both spatially and temporally. We then introduce the potential of DAS to extract the divergence (∂xVx+∂yVy) of the seismic wavefield by interrogating horizontally coiled fiber. This results in an omni-directional measurement that is closely related to near-surface pressure fluctuations which, we demonstrate, is insensitive to Love waves but closely related the horizontal acceleration of particle motion H induced by Rayleigh waves. Such a wavefield separation is attractive for local ground-roll attenuation and reflection imaging with reduced field effort. We finally show that the H/D spectral ratio provides a local estimate of the Rayleigh wave dispersion curve(s). The proposed method does not rely on travel time analysis and applies to waves originating from any directions, therefore it is particularly suitable to process Rayleigh wave dominated ambient noise, as illustrated with a real data example collected in urban environment (Zurich, Switzerland). In brief, we propose a novel land acquisition and processing strategy that does not require dense sensor arrays nor active sources for cost-effective near-surface characterization.
 
 
 
Urban Dark Fiber Distributed Acoustic Sensing for Bridge Monitoring under Road Traffic Sollicitation
Authors: Rodet Julie , Tauzin Benoit , Amin Panah Mohammad , Pittet Romain
Published: May 2024

The vulnerability of urban assets, encompassing soils, buildings, and infrastructure, is intricately linked to human activities, environmental exposure, and societal vulnerabilities. By employing Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) technology on telecom fiber networks, we have developed an information model that facilitates data extraction, exchange, and networking to enhance decision-making regarding civil engineering assets. In collaboration with the APRR-AREA French company, our focus lies on two long-span bridges situated along a 25 km stretch of telecom optic fiber on the A40 motorway concession — known as the "autoroute des Titans" — in eastern France. Our objective is to characterize the deformation of these structures under heavy vehicle traffic, aiming at discerning behavioral disparities between spans and identifying potential plasticization zones. Employing a standard beamforming approach, we track vehicles using DAS data records. A statistical analysis of signal amplitudes helps to establish standard deformation thresholds and to detect anomalous deformation events. We conduct diagnostics to identify the origins of these events through DAS signals identification and classification. Simultaneously, we continuously monitor the vibrational characteristics of the structures, including frequencies, damping, and modal shapes, to ascertain if traffic-induced deformations enter the plastic regime. Throughout the 68-hour acquisition campaign, we tracked 5 423 vehicles with weight ranging from 2 568 to 73 123 kilograms. On one of the bridges, our analysis revealed 402 events exceeding the 5-sigma threshold, 58 surpassing the 10-sigma threshold, 33 exceeding the 12-sigma threshold, and 4 surpassing the 15-sigma threshold. We will analyse if these events coincide temporally and spatially with those detected with conventional long-base extensometers deployed all along the bridge deck. There is no indication of plastic deformation. This study highlights the potential of utilizing DAS technology applied to telecom optic fibers to complement specialized instrumentation for monitoring the behavior of long-span bridges.
AIGD-PFT: The first AI-driven Global Daily gap-free 4 km Phytoplankton Functional Type products from 1998 to 2023
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Shen Fang , Li Renhu , Li Mengyu , Li Zhaoxin , Chen Songyu , Sun Xuerong
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Long time series of spatiotemporally continuous phytoplankton functional type (PFT) products are essential for understanding marine ecosystems, global biogeochemical cycles, and effective marine management. In this study, by integrating artificial intelligence (AI) technology with multi-source marine big data, we have developed a Spatial–Temporal–Ecological Ensemble model based on Deep Learning (STEE-DL), and then generated the first AI-driven Global Daily gap-free 4 km PFTs product from 1998 to 2023 (AIGD-PFT), significantly enhancing the accuracy and spatiotemporal coverage of quantifying eight major PFTs (i.e., Diatoms, Dinoflagellates, Haptophytes, Pelagophytes, Cryptophytes, Green Algae, Prokaryotes, and Prochlorococcus). The input data encompass physical oceanographic, biogeochemical, spatiotemporal information, and ocean color data (OC-CCI v6.0) that have been gap-filled using a Discrete Cosine Transform with a Penalized Least Square (DCT-PLS) approach. The STEE-DL model utilizes an ensemble strategy with 100 ResNet models, applying Monte Carlo and bootstrapping methods to estimate optimal PFT values and assess model uncertainty through ensemble means and standard deviations. The model's performance was validated using multiple cross-validation strategies—random, spatial-block, and temporal-block—combined with in-situ data, demonstrating STEE-DL's robustness and generalization capability. The daily updates and seamless nature of the AIGD-PFT product capture the complex dynamics of coastal regions effectively. Finally, through a comparative analysis using a triple-collocation (TC) approach, the competitive advantages of the AIGD-PFT product over existing products were validated. The AIGD-PFT product not only provides the foundation for detailed analyses of PFT trends, interannual variability, and the impacts of climate change on phytoplankton composition across various temporal and spatial scales, but also has the potential to facilitate precise quantification of marine carbon flux and enhances the accuracy of biogeochemical models. A video demonstration is available at https://doi.org/10.5446/67366 (Zhang and Shen, 2024a). The complete product dataset (1998–2023) can be freely downloaded at https://doi.org/10.11888/RemoteSen.tpdc.301164 (Zhang and Shen, 2024b).
Determining the threshold of issuing flash flood warnings based on people’s response process simulation
Authors: Zhang Ruikang , Liu Dedi , Xiong Lihua , Chen Jie , Chen Hua , Yin Jiabo
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The effectiveness of flash flood warnings depends on the people’s response processes to the warnings. And false warnings and missed events cause the people’s negative responses. It is crucial to find a way to determine the threshold of issuing the warnings that reduces the false warning ratio and the missed event ratio, especially for uncertain flash flood forecasting. However, most studies determine the warning threshold based on the natural processes of flash floods rather than the social processes of warning responses. Therefore, an agent-based model (ABM) was proposed to simulate the people’s response processes to the warnings. And a simulation chain of "rainstorm probability forecasting - decision on issuing warnings - warning response processes" was conducted to determine the warning threshold based on the ABM. Liulin Town in China was selected as a case study to demonstrate the proposed method. The results show that the optimal warning threshold decreases as the forecasting accuracy increases. And as the forecasting variance or the variance of the forecasting variance increases, the optimal warning threshold decreases (increases) for low (high) forecasting accuracy. Adjusting the warning threshold according to the people’s tolerance levels of the failed warnings can improve warning effectiveness, but the prerequisite is to increase the forecasting accuracy and decrease the forecasting variance. The proposed method provides valuable insights into the determination of warning threshold for improving the effectiveness of flash flood warnings.
A generalised ecohydrological landscape classification for assessing ecosystem risk in Australia due to an altering water regime
Authors: Herr Alexander , Merrin Linda E. , Mitchell Patrick J. , O'Grady Anthony P. , Holland Kate L. , Mount Richard E. , Post David A. , Pavey Chris R. , Sparrow Ashley D.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Describing and classifying a landscape for environmental impact and risk assessment purposes is a non-trivial challenge because this requires region-specific landscape classifications that cater for region-specific impacts. Assessing impacts on ecosystems from the extraction of water resources across large regions requires a causal link between landscape features and their water requirements. We present the rationale and implementation of an ecohydrological classification for regions where coal mine and coal seam gas developments may impact on water. Our classification provides the essential framework for modelling the potential impact of hydrological changes from future coal resource developments at the landscape level. We develop an attribute-based system that provides representations of the ecohydrological entities and their connection to landscape features and make use of existing broad-level classification schemes into an attribute-based system. We incorporate a rule set with prioritisation, which underpins risk modelling and makes the scheme resource efficient, where spatial landscape or ecosystem classification schemes, developed for other purposes, already exist. A consistent rule set and conceptualised landscape processes and functions allow for the combination of diverse data with existing classification schemes. This makes the classification transparent, repeatable and adjustable, should new data become available. We apply the approach in three geographically different regions, with widely disparate information sources, for the classification, and provide a detailed example of its application. We propose that it is widely applicable around the world for linking ecohydrology to environmental impacts.
Evaluating the potential of short-term instrument deployment to improve distributed wind resource assessment
Authors: Sheridan Lindsay M. , Duplyakin Dmitry , Phillips Caleb , Tinnesand Heidi , Rai Raj K. , Flaherty Julia E. , Berg Larry K.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Distributed wind projects, which are connected at the distribution level of an electricity system or in off-grid applications to serve specific or local energy needs, often rely solely on wind resource models to establish wind speed and energy generation expectations. Historically, anemometer loan programs have provided an affordable avenue for more accurate onsite wind resource assessment, and the lowering cost of lidar systems have shown similar advantages for more recent assessments. While a full twelve months of onsite wind measurement is the standard for correcting model-based long-term wind speed estimates for utility-scale wind farms, the time and capital investment involved in gathering onsite measurements must be reconciled with the energy needs and funding opportunities that drive expedient deployment of distributed wind projects. Much literature exists to quantify the performance of correcting long-term wind speed estimates with one or more years of observational data, but few studies explore the impacts of correcting with months-long observational periods. This study aims to answer the question of how low can you go in terms of the observational time period needed to make impactful improvements to model-based long-term wind speed estimates. Three algorithms, multivariable linear regression, adaptive regression splines, and regression trees, are evaluated for their skill at correcting long-term wind resource estimates from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis version 5 (ERA5) using months-long periods of observational data from 66 locations across the United States. On average, correction with even one month of observations provides significant improvement over the baseline ERA5 wind speed estimates and produces median bias magnitudes within 0.21 m s-1 of the median bias magnitudes achieved using the standard twelve months of data for correction. However, in cases when the shortest observational periods (one to two months) used for correction are misrepresentative of the longer-term trends in the wind resource, the resultant long-term wind speed errors are worse than those produced using ERA5 without correction. Summer months, which are characterized by weaker relative wind speeds and standard deviations for most of the evaluation sites, tend to produce the worst results for long-term correction using months-long observations. The three tested algorithms perform similarly for long-term wind speed bias; however, regression trees perform notably worse than multivariable linear regression and adaptive regression splines in terms of mean absolute error and correlation when using six months or less of observational data for correction.
Decolonizing the Higher Education Curriculum: An Evaluation of Incorporating Indigenous Ways of Knowing and Pedagogy
Authors: Jaber Lindsey , Stirbys Cynthia , Saint-Cyr Christina
Published: May 2024

This study employed a quasi-experimental, mixed-methods design utilizing a two-eyed seeing approach that foregrounds Indigenous principles of respect, reciprocity, relevance, and responsibility (Kirkness & Barnhardt, 2001). With the focus of creating community in the higher education classroom, the curriculum was designed to enhance Indigenous values of interpersonal connection, collaboration, and interdependence. In support of fostering Indigenous ways of knowing, a Knowledge Holder worked with the researchers on curriculum design and delivery. The Indigenous curriculum is presented in detail. A total of 92 students in the Bachelor of Social Work program at a southwestern Ontario university participated in the study. Overall, quantitative and qualitative results suggested that the Indigenous pedagogy was associated with increased students’ satisfaction and connectedness to the material and their peers, and greater self-reflection.
A Comparison of Virtual Communication Software on Perceived Engagement, Enjoyment, Social Connectedness, and Willingness to Communicate in a Virtual Undergraduate Classroom
Authors: Al-Humuzi Ali , Lo Gemini , Shon Sunwoo , Gandhi Ajay , Deris Dimitrios , Huang Louise , Colman Douglas E. , Sumontha Jason , Wong Michael
Published: May 2024

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many in-person classes shifted to emergency remote learning, with Zoom being the adopted software choice of communication for many schools. Despite its accessibility, students have expressed fatigue and challenges with conversations using Zoom. Additionally, emergency remote learning has led to decreased interpersonal interactions. Thus, we wondered whether Gather.town, a teleconferencing software with proximity-chat features, might lead to a more positive learning environment than Zoom. We utilized both software in an inquiry and problem-based course, Science of Fictional Characters, at McMaster University during the Fall 2021 semester. We surveyed students’ preference between Gather.town and Zoom across five different domains: engagement, enjoyment, social connectedness, ease of use, and willingness to communicate using each software. Twelve out of 30 enrolled students responded to the survey. Participants reported more engagement (58%), higher enjoyment (58%), and greater social connectedness (92%) to their peers using Gather.town compared to Zoom, despite participants also reporting Zoom being easier to use (92%). The results further revealed no preference towards either software in terms of willingness to communicate. Although our sample size is small, our results nonetheless suggest a software with proximity chat features such as Gather.town could be a potential alternative to Zoom for fostering positive learning environments.
Do Males Feel What Females Feel? Investigating the Influence of Sex on Haptic Abilities
Authors: Suri Isha , Wilson Tim
Published: May 2024

Interacting with objects in one’s environment is a part of life, and at all times these interactions require the use of somatosensory systems, whether it be visual, auditory, or haptic. Within visual realms, spatial abilities (SA) represent the cognitive capacity to remember & manipulate mental representations of objects to problem solve. Haptic abilities (HA) refer to the cognitive ability to acquire information & meaningfully manipulate objects through touch. Males consistently outperform females on standardized SA tests such as the Mental Rotations Test (MRT). The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of sex on HA, which is currently unknown. Given the removal of any visual spatial advantage in solely haptic tasks, it was hypothesized that although males outperform females on spatial ability tasks, this sex difference will be removed in tasks measuring HA. The MRT was used to measure SA, and a 3D version of the MRT coined the Haptic Abilities Test (HAT) was used to measure HA. The HAT was completed under two test conditions: a haptic (H) condition required the use of solely touch, while the other condition used sight & haptics (SH) to discriminate shape. Males outperformed females in the SH condition. However, this sex difference was eliminated in the purely haptic (H) HAT condition. In this condition, both sexes arrived at solutions through the differential use of haptic exploratory strategies. Given pandemic-driven migrations to online education where no haptics are possible, these findings raise concerns. Specifically, if haptics work to reduce the advantage males have over females when completing spatial tasks, the current online shift adversely affects females. Understanding the influence of sex on haptics can therefore result in more equitable learning environments.
“Stella Maris no somos fake”: aproximación exploratoria al universo transmedia de la serie de televisión La Mesías (Movistar+, 2023)
Authors: Martín-Martín Penélope , Higueras-Ruiz M. José , Pérez-Rufí J. Patricio
Published: May 2024

La Mesías (Movistar+, 2023) es una serie española de televisión que desarrolla la historia de una familia disfuncional de la que emerge un grupo musical, Stella Maris. En la serie, sus creadores reinterpretan fenómenos virales de origen online, muy especialmente el caso del grupo español Flos Mariae. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es explorar el universo transmedia de la serie, para lo cual se deben localizar, comparar y analizar las acciones del grupo musical ficticio en redes sociales. Se pretende igualmente identificar de qué forma se establece una relación entre el relato de ficción y el relato virtualizado en las redes. Se aplica una metodología exploratoria y descriptiva basada en el estudio de caso. Los resultados confirman que las acciones transmedia alrededor de Stella Maris y de La Mesías expanden la narrativa de la serie, al punto de llevarla a una experiencia performativa. Además, estas acciones proponen un juego sobre las fronteras entre realidad mediatizada y ficción a partir de la narrativa transmedia desarrollada. Los resultados invitan a discutir sobre la entidad “real” de acciones artísticas en el contexto de la producción cultural mediatizada.
Physical Losses in Bagged Paddy Grain in Open Environment
Authors: A. K. Thakur  , A. K. Gupta
Published: May 2024

A study was conducted on the exchange of moisture by paddy grain stored in sacks ofjute, woven polypropylene and canvas in the open air. Grain moisture and temperature followed a simiiar pattern of variation to ambient relative humidity and temperature. Moisture was aggravated to around 20% by the effect ofrain in all sacks. Once the moisture increased in woven polypropylene sack, the fabric imparted resistance to the release ofmoisture from paddy to the environment and, therefore, more damage occurred. The jute sack showed good exchange ofmoisture between the paddy and the environment and vice-versa; as a result, less damage occurred. The vapour transmission from canvas was higher than the jute but, in practice canvas obstructed air movement to some extent through the sack and similarly decreased moisture transfer from the paddy to the environment. The physical loss of paddy as a comprehensive effect of moisture, temperature, relative humidity and duration of storage was assessed by visual examination and found to be 16.7,35.2 and 30.3% in jute, woven polypropylene and canvas sacks respectively at the end oftwelve month storage. These losses were compared with the loss in rice processing yield and the difference was found significant at the end of six months, however, insignificant after twelve months. Overall the jute sack demonstrated good storage ability of paddy grain even where it was fully exposed to open environment.
Studies on Packaging Materials for Storing Cauliflower Seeds in Modified Atmosphere
Authors: P. R. Kumar  , S. N. Sinha  , J. R Sinha
Published: May 2024

Efficacy of modified atmospheres depends on the effectiveness of packaging materials in holding and containing the right mixtures of gasses for long periods. An experiment was carried out at Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Regional Station Kamal during 2005-06 to compare the ability of different packaging materials to retain the modified atmospheres. A gas mixture containing 60% CO2, 2% 02' and 38% N2 was filled in packets made of different packaging materials. The gas concentration was measured with the help ofgas chromatograph periodically at an interval of J months up to 12 months period. It was found that aluminium foil lined low density polyethylene was found the best retainer of modified atmospheres for up to 12 months followed by ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH or EVA).
Studies on Influence of Rotary Blade and Peg Type Puddlers on Soil Physical and Dynamic Properties and Rice Yield
Authors: Y. P. Chaudhary  , B. P. Varshney
Published: May 2024

The experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of rotary blade and peg type puddlers on soil physical and dynamics properties and their subsequent effect on rice yield. Results revealed that the puddling index and hydraulic conductivity were better, in rotary blade as compared to peg type puddled field. The puddling index increased with increasing level of puddling. The bulk density of puddled field increased with the level of puddling as well as time after puddling in all the treatments. Hydraulic conductivity decreased after puddling. Cone index (015 cm depth) was found to decrease after puddling over that of initial saturated soil and the reduction was observed more in case of rotary blade as compared to peg type puddled field. Since, there was no significant difference in grain yield with reduced level of puddling, rotary and peg type puddler may be used with one pass so as to minimize the sedimentation period for transplanting operation.
Lining of Open Channel with Jute Geotextile and its Performance in Seepage Control
Authors: M. Roy Choudhury
Published: May 2024

Various lining materials such as precast channel, brick masonary, bituminous mixture, soil cement, polythene sheets etc. have so far been used for controlling seepage in irrigation channels. Some are too costly to be locally used while others have short life and are not much effective. Keeping it in view, this work was taken up to find out a viable alternative to these traditional materials. Jute non-woven geo-textile of 250 g/rn2 and 300 g/m2fabric weight were coated with polyethylene sheet on one side and both sides and were experimented to assess the seepage loss through open channels. 300 glm2 fabric with both sides coated controlled seepage most efficiently. Single side coated sheets also performed well in seepage control, but allowed more water to seep compared to double side coated sheets. However, 250 g/m2 fabric with both sides laminated yielded optimum performance.
Wear Characteristics of Reversible Shovels of Tractor Drawn Cultivator
Authors: V.K. Chahar  , G.S. Tiwari  , R.N. Venna
Published: May 2024

Wear in different components in agricultural machines results in frequent stoppage of work and loss of time during peak season until replacement. Machine breakdown hampers farm operation to a great extent if failure occurs at a crucial time. Four shovels with different carbon content of 0.41, 0.50, 0.59 and 0.65% were selected and wear tests were conducted under controlled indoor circular soil bin conditions for 100 h continuously. Abrasive sand with 10-15% moisture content was used for the wear studies. Loss in weight of each shovel due to wear was recorded at an interval of 20 h. A multiple regression analysis was carried out to correlate the wear loss of shovel with its carbon content and time. Wear loss was found to increase with time in the tested range of carbon content. Shovel with maximum carbon content wore out minimum at each interval. Cumulative wear loss in shovel decreased by 37.44% with increase in carbon content from 0.41 to 0.65 per cent. The shovels with same relative hardness, but having high carbon content, were more resistant to abrasive wear. The maximum wear occurred at the tip of the shovels. Dimensional wear was measured with respect to width and thickness of shovel. Test shovels wore out along the thickness. Change in length and width of shovels was negligible as compared to their thickness. The shovel with 0.65% carbon gave the best results.
10. THỰC TRẠNG BÁO CÁO SỰ CỐ Y KHOA TẠI BỆNH VIỆN KIẾN AN, THÀNH PHỐ HẢI PHÒNG NĂM 2022-2023
Authors: Nhận Nguyễn Thị , Phước Nguyễn Bá , Lý Nguyễn Thị , Chinh Hoàng Việt , Ngân Nguyễn Thị , Tâm Trương Văn
Published: May 2024

Mục tiêu: Mô tả thực trạng sự cố y khoa tại Bệnh viện Kiến An năm 2022-2023.
Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang, phân tích số liệu thứ cấp.
Kết quả: 110 báo cáo sự cố y khoa (SCYK) trong đó báo cáo tự nguyện 71,8%; Khoa Ngoại Tiêu hóa và khoa Phẫu thuật gây mê báo cáo SCYK nhiều nhất 13,6%; Điều dưỡng, kỹ thuật viên (KTV), Hộ sinh báo cáo sự cố 70,9%; Mức độ tổn thương sự cố đã xảy ra tác động trực tiếp đến người bệnh, chưa gây nguy hại 39,1%; Nhóm thực hiện quy trình kỹ thuật, thủ thuật chuyên môn chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất 33,6%; Nhóm nguyên nhân gây ra sự cố nhiều nhất là nhóm NVYT 61,8%.
Kết luận:  Trong quá trình triển khai còn tình trạng nhiều sự cố y khoa không tự nguyện báo cáo lên hệ thống. NVYT cần tích cực, chủ động báo cáo SCYK và tuân thủ đúng những quy định về báo cáo SCYK.
23. THẨM ĐỊNH BỘ CÔNG CỤ ĐO LƯỜNG MỨC ĐỘ LO ÂU, TRẦM CẢM VÀ CHẤT LƯỢNG CUỘC SỐNG CỦA NGƯỜI BỆNH TRÀO NGƯỢC DẠ DÀY THỰC QUẢN
Authors: Loan Lê Thanh , Châu Nguyễn Đức Quỳnh , Tiến Đào Đức , Trung Võ Quang
Published: May 2024

Mở đầu: Bộ câu hỏi chỉ số chất lượng cuộc sống đường tiêu hóa (GIQLI) được thiết lập tốt để đánh giá chất lượng cuộc sống (QOL) cho người bệnh trào ngược dạ dày thực quản (GERD) và thang đo lo âu và trầm cảm của bệnh viện (HADS) là công cụ sàng lọc chứng lo âu, trầm cảm được sử dụng rộng rãi.
Mục tiêu: Thẩm định phiên bản tiếng Việt của bộ câu hỏi GIQLI và HADS trên người bệnh GERD tại Bệnh viện Quân Y 175 năm 2023. Đối tượng nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang mô tả trên người bệnh GERD dựa trên kết quả nội soi.
Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Độ tin cậy nội bộ được đánh giá bằng cách sử dụng hệ số Cronbach’ s alpha và độ giá trị của bộ câu hỏi được đánh giá bằng phân tích nhân tố khám phá (EFA) và phân tích nhân tố khẳng định (CFA). Phân tích và xử lý số liệu bằng SPSS 22.0 và AMOS 20.
Kết luận: Phiên bản tiếng Việt của bộ câu hỏi GIQLI và HADS có giá trị và đáng tin cậy. Hai bộ câu hỏi có thể áp dụng để đánh giá QOL và bệnh lo âu và trầm cảm trên người bệnh GERD trong các nghiên cứu tại Việt Nam.