bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Apoio ao planejamento do transporte metropolitano sustentável
Authors: Melo Correia Luiz Fernando De , Galves Maria Lucia
Published: May 2019

Promover o transporte sustentável em regiões metropolitanas é um problema com­plexo, devido à grande quantidade de atores com objetivos muitas vezes conflitantes, além da forma com que cada comunidade, de acordo com o contexto local, absorve os conceitos ligados à sustentabilidade. Neste ambiente, é fundamental um suporte para orientar o planejamento e a tomada de decisão, considerando a sustentabilidade. A par­tir dos requisitos para um transporte sustentável e a participação dos diversos atores, elaborou-se um procedimento que auxilia na operacionalização do suporte, possibili­tando a obtenção dos objetivos fundamentais dos atores, a proposição de alternativas e sua avaliação. Para demonstrar sua viabilidade, a proposta foi aplicada na Região Me­tropolitana da Baixada Santista, uma região importante localizada na Região Sudeste do Brasil. Trinta e nove objetivos fundamentais foram obtidos.
Fare policies and a markup application based on airport cost
Authors: Del Fiaco Reinaldo Moreira , Silva Paulo Afonso Lopes da
Published: May 2019

A experiência de países desenvolvidos mostra que os administradores aeroportuários procuram aumentar sua lucratividade, e as Agências Reguladoras objetivam garantir qualidade, investimento e tarifas justas. Os Estados, que se interessam em ter aeroportos autossustentáveis, encontram na regulamentação para a iniciativa privada ou sociedade de capital misto a mudança que desejam. Com o objetivo de desenvolver um modelo de precificação da tarifa aeronáutica baseada no custo do aeroporto, este artigo apresenta uma aplicação do índice de Tornqvist e do método de precificação Markup para encontrar a oportunidade de preço do mercado. Sendo um dos objetivos específicos de comparar os resultados financeiros com base na Resolução No. 350/14 da ANAC com os resultados obtidos no modelo proposto. Para a previsão de demanda com o novo preço da tarifa, utilizou-se o conceito de elasticidade. O cenário utilizado foi o do Aeroporto de Campinas/Viracopos, de janeiro de 2014 até março de 2017. Durante o trimestre em que não há custos com construção de infraestrutura, o preço da tarifa é 0,04% maior do que o teto tarifário previsto pela ANAC. Durante períodos com custo de construção, a média da tarifa foi 2,4 vezes maior em relação ao preço do Agente Regulador. Um método independente e baseado em custo e na oportunidade de mercado, mas no qual o demonstrativo financeiro deva ser seja fiscalizado, mostra-se ser promissor quanto ao aumento da receita do aeroporto. Estabelecer parâmetros qualitativos pode ser a melhor opção para exigir a qualidade do bem-estar social dos passageiros, e caso essas metas não sejam atingidas, então multas podem ser aplicadas a administradora aeroportuária.
La ville : quel genre ? L’espace public à l’épreuve du genre (E. Faure et al., dir., 2017)
Authors: Wintgens Caroline
Published: May 2019

Recensé : Emmanuelle Faure, Edna Hernández-González, Corinne Luxembourg (dir.), La ville : quel genre ? L’espace public à l’épreuve du genre, Montreuil-sous-Bois, Le Temps des Cerises, 2017, 302 p.
Responding to Call of Duty. Critical Essays on the Game Franchise (N. Garett, dir., 2017)
Authors: Dedieu Thomas
Published: May 2019

Recensé : Nate Garrelts (dir.), Responding to Call of Duty. Critical Essays on the Game Franchise, Jefferson (NC), McFarland & Company, 2017 (« Studies in Gaming »), 212 p.
ANALYSIS THE EFFECT OF SERVICE QUALITY, PRICE ADVANTAGES, AND MARKETER’S BEHAVIORAL TOWARDS CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN ORDER TO INCREASE CUSTOMER LOYALTY (Study in PT. DES TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI)
Authors: Nugroho Edwin Krisna
Published: May 2019

This research is aimed to examine the effect of Service Quality, Price Excellence, and Marketers Behavioral Behavior, to Customer Satisfaction, and its impact on Customer Loyalty. The problem of research is how to improve Customer Loyalty, by improving Customer Satisfaction, through Service Quality, Price Excellence, and Behavior Ethics of Marketers?The sample in this research is the customer of PT. DES Teknologi Informasi of 150 respondents. Data analysis is done by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using AMOS software. The results of the analysis show that Service Quality, Price Excellence, Marketers Behavior Ethics, have a positive and significant influence on Service User Satisfaction, in order to increase Service User Loyalty.The results of these empirical studies have an indication that Service Quality has a positive influence on Customer Satisfaction; Price advantage has a positive effect on Customer Satisfaction; Behavior Ethics Marketers have a positive influence on Customer Satisfaction; User Service Satisfaction has a positive effect on Customer Loyalty.
ANALYSIS THE EFFECT OF FLEXIBILITY, DEPENDENCE, AND QUALITY RELATIONSHIP TO BROKERS PERFORMANCE WITH INTEGRATION STRATEGY AS INTERVENING VARIABLE (STUDY ON PRINTING BROKERS IN SEMARANG)
Authors: Rahman Fazlur , Sufian Syuhada , Yuniawan Ahyar
Published: May 2019

In the printing business, brokers are experiencing fierce competition. Many problems always face by the broker because in the production, brokers do not use their own resources, but integrate with service providers. The purpose of this research is to test and analyze the relation of the attributes of flexibility, dependence, relationship quality and integration strategies toward the printing brokers performance.The research is done to the 133 respondents, which all of them are printing brokers who do production in the Semarang area. Methods of data collection by using questionnaires. The method of data analysis using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS 20 software.The results showed that the flexibility and relationships quality had a positive effect on strategy integration. While the dependence does not affect the strategy integration. And the strategy integration variables have a positive effect on the broker performance.
BUILDING MARKETING PERFORMANCE THROUGH COMPETITOR ORIENTATION	(Empirical Study on Baitul Maal wat Tamwil at Ex-Residency of Semarang)
Authors: Isywari Citra Ajeng , Ferdinand Augusty Tae , Indriani Farida
Published: May 2019

This research specifically examines the effect of competitor orientation on marketing performance through service value co-creation quality, service innovation capability and service value proposition. The object of this research is Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) in ex-Residency Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. This research is analyzed with Structural Equation Model (SEM) using AMOS software. Based on the result of the research, it can be concluded that competitor orientation positively and significantly can affect the service value co-creation quality and service innovation capability owned by BMT. Service value co-creation quality positively and significantly can affect the service innovation capability and marketing performance of BMT. Service innovation capability positively and significantly influences the service value proposition and service value proposition positively and significantly can influence BMT’s marketing performance.
THE EFFECT OF BRAND REPUTATION, PRODUCT RELIABILITY, PRICE AND BRAND ADMIRATION ON PURCHASING DECISION (Study on Food Products that Sold through Instagram at Semarang)
Authors: Mariska Angela , Soesanto Harry , Mahfudz Mahfudz
Published: May 2019

Development in technology was really fast, especially in the information and telecommunications field. Nowadays, technology cannot be replaced by human life. Social media is very important to various business and personal life. Social media helping us to find new colleagues and help us to easier get information. For many years, most powerful social media are Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn. But for this past years, Instagram can take market attention. Due to a number of followers, culinary became favorite on Instagram. Before that, culinary products rarely marketed on other social media including Facebook. In this study, research will be focused on the kind of food that can be delivered in Semarang. This research will be started by sharing questionnaires to 157 respondents. Those respondents already have experience in buying food from Instagram in Semarang. From the result, two hypotheses accepted. The first one concluded there is a positive impact from brand reputation to buying decision. The second one concluded there is a positive impact on brand admiration to brand reputation. For reliability and product price didn’t give impact for buying decision.
THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENCES STRATEGY, MARKET ORIENTATION, AND INNOVATION OF COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES AND COMPANY PERFORMANCE (Empirical Study on Star Hotels in Semarang City)
Authors: Markus Novita Lely , Raharjo Susilo Toto , Mahfudz Mahfudz
Published: May 2019

This research aims to examine and analyze the influence of differentiation strategy, market orientation, and innovation in an effort to build a competitive advantage for the performance of the company improves on star hotels in the city of Semarang. The respondents in this research are the Manager of star hotels in the city of Semarang, the size of respondents in filling in the questionnaire is 63 (sixty-three) people. However, for some reason, 22 (twenty-two) respondents are not willing to do the filling out the questionnaires which resulted in the final sample size is 41 (forty-one) respondents.in this case, the tool used in the study is the analysis of Partial Least Square (PLS). Prior to testing the researchers first tested the questionnaire by means of the validity test and reliability test. Test validity is to see the questionnaire is valid or not, and the reliability test is meant to see the questions distributed reliable or not to do further testing. The empirical findings indicated that the differentiation strategy has a significant positive effect on competitive advantage; innovation has a significant positive effect on firm performance.
Of Horses and Jockeys: Perceptions by Academic Entrepreneurs
Authors: Blair Carrie A. , Shaver Kelly G.
Published: May 2019

Although there has been increasing recent interest in universities as ecosystems for the encouragement of academic entrepreneurship, almost none of that work has dealt with the specific personal motives that might lead academic scientists to start companies. Metaphorically, there has been a substantial body of work describing how to create a better racetrack, some study of what sort of horses best perform in the track, but essentially no examination of the jockeys. We address this gap in the literature in two ways – first by “importing” a variety of psychological characteristics that have been shown to be predictive in the larger entrepreneurship literature, and second by developing a series of context-specific motives. Our study of 50 biomedical scientists in an academic medical center showed, unsurprisingly, that patents matter. More importantly, although the results for the imported psychological characteristics were disappointing, the findings for context-specific motives suggest that founders are distinguished from non-founders primarily by their interest in doing something positive for humanity.
Ações de Extensão Frente a Expansão da Febre Amarela no Interior de Minas Gerais
Authors: Parreira Adriano Guimaraes , Silva Pamela Alves
Published: May 2019

A Febre Amarela é uma doença infecciosa febril aguda, cujo agente etiológico é um Arbovírus, pertencente ao gênero Flavivirus, família Flaviviridae, transmitido por insetos hematófagos da família Culicidae, em especial dos gêneros Aedes, Haemagogus e Sabethes. Os sintomas são febre alta, vômitos e dores pelo corpo, principalmente. Nos últimos anos (2017-2018) houve aumento expressivo no número de casos registrados no Brasil, sobretudo em Minas Gerais, com mais de 100 óbitos notificados naquele período. O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi o de promover intervenções junto à comunidade de Jacuba, Município de Carmo do Cajuru-MG, com vistas a conscientização dos moradores e prevenção da proliferação da doença. A fim de se avaliar o nível de conhecimento sobre a Febre Amarela e definir os pontos a serem abordados durante as intervenções extensionistas, foram aplicados questionários aos residentes locais. Com base nos dados levantados foram realizadas ações comunitárias fundamentadas em interações dialógicas com a realização de debates e distribuição de folhetos junto a comunidade, palestras para estudantes da escola local, buscando propiciar transformação social diante do contexto observado, impactos positivos na formação do estudante envolvido, interação ensino, pesquisa e extensão, com o propósito de estimular adoção de atitudes de prevenção e o aprofundamento da discussão em torno de mitos e verdades sobre riscos da imunização e o papel de primatas no ciclo da doença.
OFICINAS SOBRE PLANTAS ALIMENTÍCIAS NÃO CONVENCIONAIS EM UM CENTRO DE REFERÊNCIA DE ASSISTÊNCIA SOCIAL
Authors: Peixoto Lucas Silva , Dourado Suzy Hellen Alves , Costa Reginaldo Vieira da , Reis Jefferson Adriã , Tavares Lucas Fernandes , Nascimento Márcio Alessandro Neman do
Published: May 2019

Os recursos naturais sempre foram bem aproveitados pelo ser humano desde os primórdios da humanidade. Nos dias de hoje, no entanto, diante da agricultura de larga escala, da globalização e da carência de informação, a humanidade tem deixado de usufruir de Plantas Alimentícias Não Convencionais (PANCs), o que significa um mal aproveitamento desses recursos naturais. Em relação a essa problemática, foi proposta, por meio de ações de um projeto de extensão, a discussão sobre o conhecimento e consumo destes alimentos com famílias participantes de um Centro de Referências de Assistência Social (CRAS). Para isso, foram realizadas oficinas em formato de rodas de conversa objetivando a divulgação das PANC e o aumento de seu consumo. A discussão sobre o aproveitamento dos benefícios se deu principalmente por meio da tradição popular e de receitas culinárias, o que permitiu trabalhar a Educação em Saúde no território. O número de participantes por encontro variou de 10 a 12 pessoas. As ações do projeto de extensão nas comunidades tiveram como base o respeito e a valorização dos aspectos sociais, culturais, nutricionais e econômicos e permitiram a ressignificação das PANC, o que pode representar uma mudança de hábitos alimentares. Essas ações também contribuem para o conhecimento e preservação da biodiversidade nacional e reforçam a importância das trocas de saberes na construção de conhecimento entre profissionais da saúde, acadêmicos e comunidade.
Educação Ambiental e a Linguagem Movimento: Uma proposta interdisciplinar na Educação Infantil
Authors: De Oliveira Angelica Pereira , Abrahao Sérgio Roberto , Mazeika Fabiula Oliveira Batista
Published: May 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar um relato de experiência das atividades interdisciplinares entre a Educação Ambiental e o Movimento realizadas em intervenções no projeto de Extensão “Ambientes de Aprendizagem na Educação Infantil” desenvolvido pela Universidade Federal do Paraná. Busca-se por meio deste relatório investigar como os Ambientes de Aprendizagem permitem através de brincadeiras de movimento desenvolver a temática da Educação Ambiental na Educação Infantil, realizando a interdisciplinaridade entre o movimento e o meio ambiente através dos resultados observados no projeto de extensão. Para isso, é realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, através da analise de registros fotográficos e relatórios realizados. Através das analises observa-se uma grande possibilidade do trabalho em conjunto destas áreas de conhecimento, evidenciando-se a necessidade de mais intervenções que tragam esta interdisciplinaridade.
Imagens da experiência democrática: as fotografias do acervo de Francisco de Paula Brochado da Rocha
Authors: Angeli Douglas Souza , Alves Samuel Da Silva
Published: May 2019

Este ensaio visual tem por objetivo apresentar o acervo iconográfico de Francisco de Paula Brochado da Rocha, político gaúcho de destaque em nível estadual e nacional entre os anos de 1945 e 1962. O acervo encontra-se atualmente custodiado no Arquivo Histórico do Rio Grande do Sul (AHRS).
Os usos do termo memória ferroviária no Centro de Preservação da História Ferroviária do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Lewinski Cinara Isolde Koch
Published: May 2019

Este artigo utiliza como embasamento teórico a história cultural e tem o propósito de analisar os usos da expressão memória e memória ferroviária no Centro de Preservação da História Ferroviária do Rio Grande do Sul no período que compreende a década de oitenta. Com esse intuito, a metodologia aplicada buscou na pesquisa em fontes testemunhais e em fontes documentais – publicações e documentos administrativos – as explicações sobre esse assunto. Então, mediante o estudo pretende-se discutir sobre a representação vinculada ao discurso do Preserve/fe utilizando os termos memória e memória ferroviária como uma maneira de legitimar as ações preservacionistas do governo federal.
Editorial
Authors: Serres Juliane Conceição Primon , Costa Renato Da Gama-Rosa
Published: May 2019

Este dossiê temático pretende trazer para o debate a reflexão acerca daidentificação de um patrimônio cultural relacionado a área da saúde, a partir de textos elaborados por pesquisadores brasileiros e portugueses especialmente convidados para a Revista Memória em Rede. Os artigos aqui publicados procuram revelar o próprio esforço de trabalhar o tema de forma interdisciplinar e em rede, reunindo historiadores, artistas visuais, arquitetos e urbanistas de diferentes cidades brasileiras, mas também da Capital portuguesa.
Patrimônio Cultural da Saúde: uma década de reflexão e atuação sobre o campo
Authors: Sanglard Gisele , Costa Renato Da Gama-Rosa
Published: May 2019

Este artigo se propõe a fazer um balanço dos dez anos  em que o patrimônio cultural da saúde se estabeleceu como tema de pesquisa em diversas instituições de ensino e pesquisa no Brasil. Para tal, será dividido em três partes: a primeira, reflete sobre a transformação da área do patrimônio no país; a segunda, pretende fazer um breve balanço historiográfico acerca dos estudos sobre o patrimônio cultural da saúde no Brasil; e a terceira e última parte, procurará analisar o papel dos cursos de pós-graduação e os caminhos que teses e dissertações estão apontando para a temática. Longe de pretender ser um estudo exaustivo, este artigo pretende apresentar uma breve reflexão sobre o tema.
Arqueólogos (s)em fronteiras: o Projecto ANA-lise e o estudo do povoamento do Baixo Guadiana (Portugal e Espanha)entre os séculos VIII a.C. e I d.C.
Authors: Albuquerque Pedro , García Fernández Francisco José
Published: May 2019

O estudo das fronteiras e dos territórios fronteiriços é um tema de investigação com repercussões evidentes no mundo actual, bem como uma oportunidade para desenvolver estratégias de turismo cultural e protecção do património cultural. Apresentam-se, neste trabalho, algumas questões sobre um projecto de investigação transfronteiriço (ANA-lise/ ANA-lisis) que estuda o povoamento humano ao longo da bacia do Guadiana entre os séculos VIII a.C. e I d.C., bem como o papel do projecto no contexto de outras iniciativas na União Europeia. Apresentam-se, igualmente, alguns resultados preliminares de duas campanhas  de prospecção que contribuíram para a elaboração de um tentame de síntese dos processos prévios à construção da fronteira política entre os países ibéricos com o Tratado de Alcañices (1297) e para uma reflexão sobre a necessidade de desenvolver estudos e estratégias de protecção e difusão do património cultural transfronteiriço.
Patrimônio Cultural da Saúde: a preservação do Hospital Frei Antônio (1976-1985)
Authors: Bastos Tarcísio Pereira
Published: May 2019

O presente trabalho é resultado de uma dissertação de mestrado em que se analisou a trajetória de tombamento do  Hospital Frei Antônio, antigo Hospital dos Lázaros do Rio de Janeiro, localizado no bairro de São Cristóvão, e sua relação com as políticas de preservação cultural desenvolvidas pela Prefeitura da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro entre 1975 e 1985. A partir da análise do processo de tombamento, pretendeu-se entender a importância histórica da assistência oferecida aos leprosos no Lazareto de São Cristóvão, que justificou o ato de salvaguarda da edificação como patrimônio cultural carioca na década de 1980. Pretendeu-se, igualmente, assinalar os resquícios materiais da saúde ainda existentes no local. Almeja-se colaborar para os estudos no âmbito da arquitetura hospitalar, história da saúde, história do Rio de Janeiro, patrimônio cultural da saúde, políticas culturais e profilaxia da lepra.
Ethnic Conversions: Family, Community, Women, and Kinwork
Authors: Kelly Mary E.
Published: May 2019

According to the straight-line theory of assimilation, ethnic groups by the third or fourth generation should be entirely assimilated into mainstream society and should identify themselves as “Americans.” Yet there has been a resurgence of ethnicity among white ethnics in the United States that has led to a renewed interest in particular ethnic groups and their cultures. Third- and fourth-generation European Americans claim an ethnic identity even though their ties to their ancestral homeland may be tenuous. Lithuanian Americans in Kansas City, Kansas, in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s would seem to provide support for the straight-line theory of assimilation, yet since the 1980s they have reconstituted themselves through the Lithuanians of America organization and are experiencing a renewal of their ethnic identity. The Lithuanian American community in Seattle, Washington, also experienced ebbs and flows in the activism and unity of its members. The community was active at the turn of the twentieth century, next revitalized by Lithuanian emigres following World War II, and then became active again in the late 1970s after a decade of inaction. Members of the two groups were given questionnaires in the early 1990s to address the ethnic identity fluctuations as well as the role of non-ethnics in the organizations. One of the more exciting findings from the surveys and from participant observation was the extensive role of “ethnic converts” in the Kansas City organization, and their lesser (but still significant) role in the Seattle Lithuanian-American community.
Afrocentrism and the Peopling of the Americas
Authors: Haslip-Viera Gabriel
Published: May 2019

This essay focuses on a theory of human development that has been promoted aggressively by a group of Afrocentrists in recent years - that the Western Hemisphere was first populated by “Africoids” or “Black” people who came to the Americas by way of Asia and the Bering Straits with little or no change in their physical or racial characteristics. As discussed in this article, the theory has no support in the evidence collected by scientists in various fields. The essay focuses on the basic claims and methods used by the Afrocentrists to support their theory, including their misuse or misinterpretation of mostly outdated scholarship produced in Europe and the United States during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. A brief concluding section makes reference to the potential repercussions of this theory on relations between African Americans, Native Americans and Latinos of Native American and part Native American background.
Giving Oral Expression “Free Rein”: Implications for Diversity of University Hate Speech Code
Authors: Pilgrim Tim A.
Published: May 2019

This paper uses history, law, and First Amendment theory to examine the concepts of political correctness, free speech, and hate speech in a search for a solution of how best to deal with hate speech incidents that occur in the university campus community. The paper notes the American tendency toward tyranny of the majority as noted by Alexis de Tocqueville in the 1830s and then proceeds to examine the double-edged sword of free speech. By guaranteeing freedom of speech we promote the right to shout down ethnic and other minority groups; by providing penalties against those who use it to shout others down we make society less free. This paper suggests a different answer: promote more speech expressed in community meetings conducted in an atmosphere that is safe and encouraging for all to express their views.
Hispanic Immigration and Spanish Maintenance as Indirect Measures of Ethnicity: Reality and Perceptions
Authors: Gynan Shaw N.
Published: May 2019

Many supporters of official English have accused U.S. Hispanics of refusing to learn English and rejecting the traditional assimilationist model by clinging to their ethnolinguistic identity. An analysis of U.S. Census data from the last thirty years refutes these claims. The picture of U.S. Hispanic maintenance of ethnolinguistic identity has evolved. Here we show that while adult Spanish loyalty has decreased, youth Spanish loyalty has increased; however, Spanish maintenance does not occur at the expense of English proficiency. Once recent immigrants are subtracted from the Hispanic population, U.S. Census figures show clearly that long-term limited English proficiency has decreased substantially. This analysis clearly supports the conclusions of experts who have noted that Hispanic youth are embracing a bilingual model, one which allows them to maintain their ethnolinguistic identity while acquiring the English skills necessary for success in the United States.
An Examination of Social Adaptation Processes of Vietnamese Adolescents
Authors: Miller Fayneese , Do My , Sperber Jason
Published: May 2019

The purpose of the study was to examine the factors that affect the ways in which Vietnamese youth feel about themselves and their “place” in society. More specifically, the purpose was to determine the relationship between sociocultural factors (L e. language proficiency, length of residence, socioeconomic class, ethnic identity, and cultural continuity) and such person-oriented variables as depression and alienation. Thrity-one college and fifteen high school students responded to a series of questions about themselves, family, relationships, personality, and achievement motivation. It was found that perceived problems with one's ethnic group, cultural continuity, and parental attitudes toward schooling significantly predicted depression. Degree of attachment to one's ethnic community, English speaking and writing abilities, and outlets for derpession tended to predict future outlook or feelings of hope versus alienation. Several variables were highly predictive of acculturation. Some of those variables are native language ability, English speaking and writing ability, outlets for depression, and perceived problems with one's ethnic group. Implications of the findings for Vietnamese youth and future directions are discussed.
A Historical Perspective on the Development of an Ethnic Minority Consciousness in the Spanish-Language Press of the Southwest
Authors: Kanellos Nicolás
Published: May 2019

Various scholars have treated ethnic newspapers in the United States as if they all have evolved from an immigrant press.(i) While one may accept their analysis of the functions of the ethnic press, there is a substantial and qualitative difference between newspapers that were built on an immigration base and those that developed from the experience of colonialism and racial oppression. Hispanics were subjected to “racialization”(ii) for more than a century through such doctrines as the Spanish Black Legend and Manifest Destiny during the nineteenth and early twentieth century. They were conquered and incorporated into the United States and then treated as colonial subjects as is the case of Mexicans in the Southwest and the Puerto Ricans in the Caribbean. Some were incorporated through territorial purchase as was the case of the Hispanics in Florida and Louisiana. (I would also make a case that, in many ways, Cubans and Dominicans also developed under United States domination in the twentieth century.) The subsequent migration and immigration of these peoples to the United States was often directly related to the domination of their homelands by the United States. Their immigration and subsequent cultural perspective on life in the United States, of course, has been substantially different from that of European immigrant groups. Hispanic native or ethnic minority perspective has manifested itself in the political realm, often as an attitude of entitlement to civil and political rights.
“Not Another Multicultural Workshop” (sigh): Why Teachers Feel Intimidated by More and More Workshops in Multicultural Education
Authors: Baltes Beate
Published: May 2019

Many educators consider themselves sensitive to diversity issues in one way or another. However, it is not uncommon for some teachers to feel intimidated by more and more staff development programs in multicultural education that they are urged or compelled to attend. This article suggests ways in which multicultural education workshops could be made meaningful for them.
Schooling and Ethnocultural Communities in Canada: Alternatives for Planning A Post-Modern Century
Authors: Churchill Stacy , Kaprielian-Churchill Isabel
Published: May 2019

This essay examines trends in education that affect Canadian schools.
Contextual Factors Associated with the Achievement of African American and European American Adolescents: A Diversimilarity Approach
Authors: Ofori-Dankwa Joseph , McKinney Robin
Published: May 2019

The current study is an extension of Luster & McAdoo's 1994 study of African American children and ecological factors impacting academic performance of these children. Luster and McAdoo found that maternal educational level, income, number of children and living conditions were related to how well children performed in school. Those children from impoverished backgrounds with uneducated mothers had lower quality academic performance. Using the Nation Longitudinal Survey of Youth data (1992), the current study investigated similarities and differences in the impact of ecological factors in European American(n = 266) and African American adolescents (n = 400). The results indicated that the home environment best predicts academic performance in African American adolescents while neighborhood conditions are better predictors of academic performance in European American adolescents. This difference may be related to the function of education for the two groups. Education may be a vehicle for status enhancement for European American adolescents. For African Americans, education may enhance class but not social status associated with racial minority status. These results suggest that educational efforts be developed to assist all adolescent in achieving both status and class objectives.
Interethnic Antagonism In the Wake of Colonialism: U. S. Territorial and Ethnic Relations at the Margins
Authors: Perez Michael P.
Published: May 2019

Since the proliferation of scholarship on racial and ethnic antagonism following the Civil Rights era, neo-Marxist, colonialism, and other power-conflict theories reached popularity and have been widely applied to explain racial and ethnic conflict throughout the world, particularly in the United States. However there is a lack of scholarship on racial and ethnic relations in the U.S. territories in general and the Pacific Islands in particular. Although a few works exist in terms of interethnic antagonism and anti-immigrant sentiment in Puerto Rico, Melanesia, and Hawaii, there is a lack of research on interethnic antagonism in Micronesia; therefore comparative analyses of race and ethnicity in the context of U.S. territorial relations would contribute to the general body of knowledge in ethnic studies. In light of Micronesia's complex colonial history and its contemporary political and economic context (i.e. immigration, labor exploitation, territorial relations, neocolonialism, indigenous sovereignty struggles, and garment, tourist, and construction industries), understanding of intergroup relations in Micronesia would also benefit from an analysis of interethnic antagonism.
Rwanda, Burundi, and Their “Ethnic” Conflicts
Authors: Isabirye Stephen B. , Mahmoudi Kooros M.
Published: May 2019

This paper demonstrably dispels the assumption that ethnic conflict in Rwanda and Burundi is a chronic endemic phenomenon. It emphasizes the consolidation of the caste system during the colonial era, intra regional disparities within the two communities, high population densities, very weak economic bases, poverty, and international interference as some of the cardinal dynamics behind the current deadly contentions within the two states. An analysis behind the genocidal tendencies in the two countries is well illustrated, with special emphasis on the Rwandese tragedy of 1994 as well as its parallels and divergences with the Nazi Holocaust.
Editor's Note
Authors: Scott Otis L.
Published: May 2019

The ethnic studies project is a relatively new formation in post secondary institutions. As academic formations go ethnic studies has a life line extending over a little more than a generation on college and university campuses of this nation. During this brief span of time I believe we safely can assert that ethnic studies scholarship, that occurring both inside and outside the classroom, has made major contributions to the bodies of knowledge now existing about the diverse social and cultural experiences of ethnic groups.
From Chinatown to Gunga Din Highway: Notes on Frank Chin's Writing Strategy
Authors: San Juan E.
Published: May 2019

Exploring Frank Chin's work, particularly in his latest novel Gunga Din Highway, the essay endeavors to re-situate ethnic writing in the historical specificity of its inscription in the United States as a racial polity. This cognitive remapping of the literary field as reconfigured by multiculturalist liberalism may be accomplished by examining Chin's cultural politics. Chin's mode of strategic writing interrogates the modelminority myth and the premises of cultural nationalism. While it rejects the pluralist resolution of the traditional conflicts in the Chinese diaspora, Chin's satiric impulse proposes a defamiliarization of Asian American “common sense” adequate to provoke a revaluation of the presumed conjunction of ethnicities, cultures, and nationalities in the current counter-terrorist milieu.
Saliency of Category Information in Person Perception for Ingroup and Outgroup Members
Authors: Willis-Esqueda Cynthia , Esseks Rosemary J.
Published: May 2019

The saliency of category information in person perception for ingroup and outgroup members was investigated. European American participants were presented with a fictional character that varied in race (African American or European American) and occupational garb (military, judge, doctor, or athlete). Occupations were chosen to be either stereotypical or nonstereotypical for African Americans and European Americans with the aid of the Statistical Abstract of the United States (1992) percentages. Based on prior research findings (Park & Rothbart, 1982; Mackie & Worth, 1989), it was predicted European American participants would spontaneously describe an outgroup character by race (superordinate category information), but would mention occupation (subordinate category information) when spontaneously describing the ingroup character. As predicted, results indicated race was rarely mentioned when describing the ingroup character, but was usually the first label applied for the outgroup character. Moreover, when describing the ingroup character, as compared to the outgroup character, occupation was mentioned earlier. Thus, differential utilization of organizing information about a seemingly mundane stimulus may provide a clue as to the origins of intergroup categorizations and bias.
In Search of Bernabé: Politicized Motherhood
Authors: Mujicinovic Fatima
Published: May 2019

Connecting its storyline to the historical context of the civil war in El Salvador, this US Latina text dramatizes dehumanizing effects of political violence on individual and collective being. With an emphasis on the dialectical connection between the personal and the social, the novel focuses on individual strategies of survival and resistance in conditions of authoritarianism in order to suggest new forms of political opposition and liberation. Its narrative reveals subversive and empowering aspects of the intimate, as the discourse of motherhood and religiosity reclaims its place in the public sphere and takes a direct stance against violence and oppression.
Ethnic Identity, Risk, and Protective Factors Related to Substance Abuse Among Mexican American Students
Authors: Codina Edward , Yin Zenong , Zapata Jesse T. , Katims David S.
Published: May 2019

This study examines the relationship between ethnic identity, risk and protective factors for substance use and academic achievement. Risk factors include deviant behavior and susceptibility to peer influence, while the protective factor is self-reported “confidence” not to use substances. The sample consists of 2,370 Mexican American students enrolled in eighth, ninth, and tenth grades. Results of the analysis (MANOVA) revealed that females had more positive ethnic identity than males. Furthermore, males were significantly more susceptible to peer influence, reported higher levels of deviant behavior, used more substances and had lower grade point averages than females. There was no significant difference in their “confidence” not to use substances.
Remembering Poland: The Ethics of Cultural Histories
Authors: Gorski William
Published: May 2019

Art Spiegelman's Maus, Cynthia Ozick's The Shawl, and Eva Hoffman's Lost in Translation and Exit into History are recent American texts that draw upon cultural histories of Poland to launch their narratives. Each text confronts and reconstructs fragments of twentieth-century Poland at the interactive sites of collective culture and personal memory. By focusing on the contested relationship between Poles and Jews before, during, and after World War II, these texts dredge up the ghosts of centuries-long ethnic animosities. In the post-Cold War era, wherein Eastern Europe struggles to redefine itself, such texts have a formative influence in re-mapping the future of national identities.
From Cousin Joe to the Comoros: Orthography and the Politics of Choice in Africa and African America
Authors: Ottenheimer Harriet Joseph
Published: May 2019

This paper explores issues of orthographic representation in two different projects, in two different locations, and draws some general conclusions about the role of an outsider linguistic anthropologist in working with individuals and their data. One project involved helping Cousin Joe, a blues singer from New Orleans, to edit his autobiography for publication. The other project involved developing a bilingual, bidirectional, Shinzwani-English dictionary for the Comoro Islands. Each project required an awareness of-and sensitivity to-the cultural and political implications of orthographic decisions.
Editor's Note
Authors: Turner Faythe
Published: May 2019

In its larger contexts the topic of this issue of Ethnic Studies Review, “Fair Access,” has many referents. In 2004 we are marking the fiftieth anniversary of Brown v Board of Education which stated unequivocally that separate but equal systems of education did not and could not exist, and yet equal education for all our children still does not exist. Recent reports detail that in many urban areas school systems are at least as segregated as prior to the Brown decision, and all levels of government seem satisfied with that status quo. We watch with astonishment as over six hundred people are being detained by the United States Government without charges against them or access to lawyers at Guantanamo. We witness at the moment of Haiti's celebration of its 200th anniversary of independence not only the mysterious removal of the democratically elected President of Haiti but also the continual refusal to grant refugee status to fleeing Haitians while it is granted to Cubans almost automatically, thus creating great inequities in immigrant access. We decry the Patriots Act passed by the Congress of the United States at the instigation of the Bush Administration that whittles away at the freedoms guaranteed by our Constitution. We know that many do not have access to health care in the United States. These and other issues of fair access must be our daily concern.
W. E. B. Du Bois on Brown v. Board of Education
Authors: Gaines Stanley O.
Published: May 2019

The 1960s have been described as the “civil rights decade” in American history. Few scholar-activists have been identified as strongly with the legal, social, economic, and political changes culminating in the 1960s as has African American historian, sociologist, psychologist W. E. B. Du Bois. Inexplicably, in 2003, the 100-year anniversary of Du Bois' classic, The Souls of Black Folk (1903), came and went with little fanfare within or outside of academia. However, in 2004, the 50-year anniversary of the initial U. S. Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954) presents an opportunity for ethnic studies in general, and Black studies in particular, to acknowledge the intellectual and political contributions of Du Bois to the civil rights movement in the United States. In the post-Civil Rights Era, some authors have suggested that Du Bois opposed the initial Brown v. Board of Education (1954) ruling. In contrast, I observe in the present paper that Du Bois (1957) opposed the U. S. Supreme Court's subsequent (1955) ruling that invoked the much-criticized term “with all deliberate speed,” rather than the initial (1954) ruling that rendered the “separate but equal” doctrine unconstitutional. Moreover, I contend that Du Bois' own values and attitudes were fully consistent with his position on the (1954, 1955) decisions.
Editor's Note
Authors: Scott Otis L.
Published: May 2019

W.E.B. DuBois in his classic, The Souls of Black Folks (1903) raised the seminal metaphysical question regarding identity formation in the United States. Countless other scholars, scholar activists, and just plain citizens since, have and are raising this historical interrogative. “Who Am I?” “Who are we?” “Am I not a woman?” These questions are formed in the crucible of racism's white hot heat. And in an important sense, raising these questions is an essential first step towards mounting opposition to those hegemonic forces which work to ascribe social identity The articles comprising this issue of the Ethnic Studies Review again draw our attention to the recurring questions regarding the implications of identity formation
“No Opportunity for Song:” A Slovak Immigrant's Silencing Analyzed through Her Pronoun Choice
Authors: Goska Danusha V.
Published: May 2019

I can't tell the most frightening story I know, because stories are made of words, and once I was without them. I was trekking in Nepal and ended up with amnesia. Later I stumbled into a mission hospital with a bruised jaw. A bad fall? I can't say. I had no words. No words for this thing that was wrenching and crying, in which “I” - a bundle of terror - seemed trapped. No words for where I began, stopped, or the mud stubble terrace on which I sat. No words to map, no words to define, no words to possess. No words for the blobs of light and shadow shifting or parking before me. No words to rank or relate the garbage - my own memories - blasting against my consciousness, randomly, insistently. Names shouted inside my head - my family, my lover, my own name; places - my hometown in America, the name of the mission hospital I'd eventually find my way to. An eleven-thousand foot mountain rose in front of me. A backpack pulled at my shoulders. A Nepali woman stroked my arm. I had no words to weave any of these into a safety net of story or meaning. All were uncontrollable, unpredictable, stimuli, which somehow, suddenly, had complete, and therefore sinister, power, and struck again and again against - some other thing - me - a thing I couldn't name or inhabit, for I had no words. I remember this sensation now when I want to know what it must have been like for my immigrant mother when, as an eight-year-old Slovak peasant child, she first arrived in America in 1929.
“For a few days we would be residents in Africa”: Jessie Redmon Fausct's “Dark Algiers the White”
Authors: Garcia Claire
Published: May 2019

American scholarship on the Harlem Renaissance has, until recently, been strongly U.S.-centric, but the work of many of the important writers of the New Negro-era has an international dimension, as writers attempted to place the African American struggle for political and civil rights and cultural authority in larger, often global, contexts. Recent scholarship has revealed that the term, “Harlem Renaissance,” used as a rubric to characterize the flowering of black culture-building and political activism in the first years of the 20th century is something of a misnomer.
Chinese Americans and the Borderland Experience on Golden Mountain: The Development of a Chinese American Identity in the Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts
Authors: Bucci Diane Todd
Published: May 2019

In The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts, Maxine Hong Kingston tells the story of her immigrant family and their efforts to rise above their working-class status in America, which optimistic Chinese regard as the Golden Mountain. The Hongs' experience is not unlike that of other immigrants who come to America to escape hardship in their homeland and hope to live the American Dream. The road to American success has numerous obstacles, and immigrants encounter many conflicts on their journey. One conflict relates to their cultural identities. Gloria Anzaldúa uses the word “borderland” to refer to the meeting of two cultures, and she defines the borderland as a “place of contradictions. Hatred, anger and exploitation are the prominent features of this landscape” (n.p.). While Anzaldua's discussion focuses on the borderland encountered by Mexican Americans, she believes that many share this painful experience:
“Their Sleep Is To Be Desecrated”: California's Central Valley Project and the Wintu People of Northern California, 1938-1943
Authors: Farnham April
Published: May 2019

The morning of July 14, 1944, was intended to be a moment of celebration for the City of Redding, California. Secretary of the Interior Harold L. Ickes had been scheduled to arrive in the booming city to dedicate Shasta Dam, a national reclamation project of great pride to local citizens and construction workers. Just days prior, however, the dedication ceremony had been canceled due to the inability of Ickes to leave Washington D.C.. Instead, a small group of U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (BOR) officials, Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD) officials, and local city officials quietly gathered within the dam's $19,400,000 power plant. A BOR official flipped a switch to start one of the plant's two massive generators, sending a surge of 120,000 watts of hydroelectricity into California's transmission lines and the Pacific, Gas, and Electric (PG&E) distribution system. This energy would fuel the West's war industries and the federal defense effort in World War II. Though without fanfare, the switching event signaled the official start of commercial production of power from the world's second largest dam and keystone of the Central Valley Project (CVP). From Washington, D.C., the event was heralded by BOR Commissioner Harry W. Bashore as “a milestone in the fulfillment of visions Californians have had for nearly 100 years.”2
Affirmative Action in College Admissions: A Compelling Need and a Compelling Warning
Authors: Finnie Scott
Published: May 2019

Higher education has been historically recognized as the very door to opportunity and success for our nation's youths and future leaders. Following the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s, the cry and pressure for access to America's college campuses have intensified, especially along the lines of racial and gender discrimination. The long record of oppression has translated into an intense debate over the feasibility of affirmative action as a viable policy to rectify the past and the present This article will afford a brief overview of the necessity of affirmative action in college admissions as well as an analysis and assessment of this policy from the perspective of Critical Race Theory.