bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the matter of retroactivity of the rulings of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine
Authors: Pushniak O. V.
Published: December 2021

The article focuses on the problem of the temporal effect of the rulings of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine declaring the unconstitutionality of legislation, in particular on the matter of retroactivity of such rulings. Based on the existing standpoints in the legal doctrine, the author has analyzed the legislation and legal practices of Ukraine, notably the practice of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and the Supreme Court. In particular, the highest consideration is given to the established legal positions of the courts, which set up the non-retroactivity of the rulings of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on unconstitutionality of an act of legislation. This position is based on the courts' interpretation of Art. 152 of the Constitution of Ukraine as such, which makes it impossible for these rulings of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine to be retroactive. The article also examines the exceptions to this rule.
The author notes the fundamental shortcomings of this position, whose categorical approach contradicts a number of fundamental legal principles. It unjustifiably prefers legal certainty, ignoring the requirements of justice, protection of human rights, equality, as well as a number of components of legal certainty or similar requirements of supremacy and direct effect of the Constitution of Ukraine, consistency of law, legality.
The inconsistency of such position is also highlighted from the standpoint of the legal dogmatics and argumentation. In general, the decisions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and the Supreme Court on this matter do not contain any detailed or proper arguments. Meanwhile, there is a misinterpretation of the relevant provision of the Constitution of Ukraine as determining the direction of the temporal effect of the ruling of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on the rights and obligations, when in fact this provision directly sets only the dates of invalidation of unconstitutional provisions.
Under such conditions, the author states that the general principles of law, the current Constitution and legislation of Ukraine generally do not prohibit the retroactivity of rulings of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on unconstitutionality of an act of legislation. Rather, they point at its necessity in many cases. At the same time, the author emphasizes the need for a more flexible approach to determining the directions of the temporal effect of rulings of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine
International legal regulation of the rights of persons with disabilities: problems of formation and development
Authors: Maidanik Serhii Viktorovich
Published: December 2021

At the level of international legal regulation disability policy is currently one of the priority areas. However, such attention to the international legal protection of the rights of persons with disabilities has not always been the case, as the problems of persons with disabilities have long remained unnoticed by the international community. Rare attempts to improve the situation with persons with disabilities were usually limited to medical protection and integration into the labor market, while the task of their full and actual involvement in public life was not even set. The article analyzes the preconditions, reasons and features of the evolution of the system of international legal protection of the rights of persons with disabilities, as well as examines the transformation of approaches to defining the concept of "disability" at the level of international law. The article defines the main stages of the formation of international cooperation in the field of protection of the rights of persons with disabilities. The article presents the results of the analysis of international legal documents on disability policy for the period from the beginning of the twentieth century to 2020.
Invocation of State Responsibility for Violation of Obligations Owed to the International Community as a Whole
Authors: Shchokin Yu. V.
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the features of the application of paragraph 1 (b) of Art. 48 of the Draft Articles on State Responsibility, developed by the UN International Law Commission and taken into consideration by the UN General Assembly by its resolution 56/83 of December 12, 2001. The norm of this article enshrines the right of any state that is not a victim to call to international legal responsibility state that has committed a breach of an obligation owed to the international community as a whole. This rule contributes to the establishment in modern international law of the ancient Roman theory of actio popularis, according to which any citizen could file a claim in the public interest.
The UN International Law Commission is considering paragraph 1 (b) of Art. 48 of the 2001 Draft Articles on State Responsibility as a result of the progressive development of International Law. This is manifested primarily in a new approach to the interpretation of concepts such as “the international community as a whole” and “obligation owed to the international community as a whole”. The article notes that the concept of "the international community as a whole" should no longer be considered as a community of sovereign states, since it already presupposes a more active participation in maintaining international legitimacy of all participants of international relations – subjects of international law.
In addition, attention is drawn to the fact that the concept of “obligation owed to the international community as a whole” is a new category proposed by the International Law Commission as a part of the progressive development of the theory of erga omnes and jus cogens norms. The author compares these types of obligations and points out a number of problems that may arise while interpreting this concept in order to apply this rule in practice.
A missing person as a copyright holder
Authors: Lewandowska Ewa
Published: December 2021

The disappearance of people is a phenomenon that requires in-depth multi-faceted analysis. The law does not regulate the situation of a missing person between their disappearance and being declared dead. During this time, in the understanding of the law, a missing person remains an entity that can dispose of their property rights and personal rights, but because of the disappearance people are unable to do that, so his/her rights are exposed to be lost or unlawfully used by other persons. As a result, many doubts must be faced by people close to the missing person.
This work discusses the copyrights of the missing person, its execution and protection in the time between the disappearance and declaring the person dead. As an introduction, the subject of copyright (work) is discussed and the division of copyright into moral rights and property rights is indicated. Next, the paper presents the possible ways of proceeding in the event of a disappearance, including a minor, spouse, and co-creator. The possibility of appointing a custodian and submitting a request to a prosecutor is indicated, and an analogous application of provisions in the event of death is proposed. Moreover, a situation where an action to protect moral/economic copyrights has been brought before a person missing (the proceedings are pending) is noted. Finally, the consequences of declaring a missing person to be dead are discussed.
Based on the considerations carried out, it can be concluded that there is no single appropriate legal solution in a situation where there is a need to exercise and protect the personal/economic copyrights of a missing person. The proposed solutions of proceeding in the missing person case are not specifically designed in the event of a disappearance, and their application is not established in practice. It seems that the court should recognize the need to protect the interests of the missing person and allow the proceedings to be conducted when referring to one of the proposed solutions. Adaptation of the indicated solutions, in the face of the forced inactivity of the missing person, should guarantee the protection of his/her rights. De lege ferenda, it is worth considering the general regulation of a person’s situation from the moment of his/her disappearance until he/she is declared dead. This could be done by introducing a provision providing for the possibility of appointing a custodian to handle the missing person’s affairs.
Criminal liability for illegal transplantation: past, present, future
Authors: Grynchak S. V.
Published: December 2021

Transplantation of human anatomical materials is an important method of treatment aimed at restoring human health, so improving the criminal law regulation of combating illegal transplantation is certainly important.
This article provides a comprehensive scientific and practical analysis of the formation, development and reform of legislation that provides transplantation of anatomical materials to humans. To do this, the author systematically studied the regulatory legislation in the field of transplantation and the changes that have taken place in it, identified all the changes made to Art. 143 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine during its validity, the impact of these changes on the practice of application of Art. 143 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine.
The study of the legal support of transplantation was conducted through three main stages of transformation of legislation during the independence of Ukraine. This allowed us to draw the following conclusions: 1) the subject of the crimes under Art. 143 today is human anatomical materials. This means that, in addition to human organs or tissues, it covers anatomical formations, human cells and human fetal materials; 2) the systematic change of regulatory legislation in the field of transplantation complicates the establishment of the current procedure and conditions of transplantation of human anatomical materials, and, as a consequence, complicates the detection of signs of illegal transplantation; 3) the current corpus delicti provided in Part 1 of Art. 143 of the Criminal Code, is material, which requires the establishment, in addition to the act, socially dangerous consequences (significant harm to the victim) and the causal link between the act and the consequence; 4) the subjective side of the crime provided by part 1 of Art. 143 of the Criminal Code, from the moment of adoption of the Criminal Code of Ukraine until December 28, 2019, both intentional and negligent violation of the statutory procedure for transplantation of human anatomical materials was criminally punished, and from December 29, 2019, the act can only be intentional and the attitude to consequences only negligent; 5) since the adoption of the Criminal Code of Ukraine and until now, the legislator has twice increased the penalties for crimes under Art. 143 of the Criminal Code. In the final case, the penalty was increased for all sanctions under Art. 143 of the Criminal Code without exception.
Activity forms of municipal authorities and prospects for its development in Ukraine
Authors: Trachuk Petro Antonovych , Nesterova I. A.
Published: December 2021

The authors attempt to explore the nature of local public authority, its sources of legitimacy, its types and forms. An idea of the constitutional and legal bases of the organization and activity of local public authorities and its bodies is given there. The existing systems of local self-government in different states are analyzed; attention is focused on the difference between the concepts of “self-government” and “management”. The problems of administrative reform in Ukraine in the context of globalization are analyzed there.
Legal Regulation of Invasive Alien Species with Regards to Climate Change in Ukraine
Authors: Kopytsia Yevheniia Mykolaivna , Туліна Ельбіс Євгенівна
Published: December 2021

The present paper is devoted to the problems of legal regulation of protecting biological diversity from the harmful effects of invasive alien species (hereinafter, IAS) with regards to climate change. Taking into consideration the fact that one of the main principles of environmental protection is the preservation of spatial and species diversity, legal understanding of the interconnectedness between climate change and harmful biological influences, is of great scientific and practical significance. 
Notably, the protection of the environment from the adverse effects of IAS and climate change is interconnected with the conservation and sustainable use of biological resources, as stated by the provisions of the Convention on Biological Diversity (Rio de Janeiro, 1992) and its protocols and decisions. Thus, one should acknowledge that climate change and invasive alien species are not only two of the key threats to biodiversity, but are directly interrelated and can act synergistically, presenting additional pressure for conservation and sustainability. 
Meanwhile, current legal regulation of both, climate change and IAS is relatively new to Ukrainian legislation, mostly done by means of international legal instruments. The existing national legal acts are generally of a strategic nature and address these issues separately with few legal provisions mentioning their interconnection.
The paper substantiates the need to acknowledge and legally define the interrelation between climate change and invasive alien species. Thus, the development of appropriate regulatory framework for prevention and control of IAS should be carried out with consideration of climate change issues. In turn, national environmental legislation, in particular national framework law ‘On Environmental Protection’ as well climate change policy and laws should be complemented by provisions incorporating IAS management as a tool for reducing pressure on ecological services and enhancing ecosystem resilience.
Ways of implementation of the national concept of the integrated organization of police activity
Authors: Solntseva Khrystyna
Published: December 2021

The analysis of the current law enforcement system allows to state the existence of certain problems related to its construction and some aspects of activity. After the administrative reforms in Ukraine, the indicators of assessing the level of public confidence in the National Police gradually began to improve, but the practice of foreign countries shows better breakthroughs in the organization of policing. Therefore, the relevance of the article is explained by the need to introduce in the national legal system a new concept of policing, which would take into account the successful experience of foreign countries and course of our country for European integration.
First of all, the article is devoted to the analysis of the existing models of law enforcement systems in the world in order to determine the most favorable and effective for national law. It was found that the integrative model of organization of police activities today demonstrates the most effective indicators in the work of foreign police, so it can be considered a guide for implementation in Ukraine. Based on this, the author proposes his own definition of the term "integrated policing".
The author pays special attention to the successful experience of the Baltic States and the United States in policing, in particular in the field of training highly qualified police officers, police and community cooperation in partnership, and international cooperation in exchanging experience of specialized law enforcement services. For example, the national legal system should pay attention to such development programs as the creation of port police, increasing the duration of specialized training of police officers, involving citizens in patrols on a voluntary basis, increasing the competence of local police departments.
Analyzing the relevant practice of foreign countries, the author pays attention to the peculiarities of the functioning of the national law enforcement system, as well as its own achievements. In conclusion, there are several possible ways to introduce into the legislation of Ukraine the main development programs and principles of functioning of the police of foreign countries in Europe and America. The main result of the work is the design of the concept of an integrated organization of policing and the expected results from its implementation - reaching a new level in the process of European integration.
An Introduction to Indian Aesthetics: History, Theory, and Theoreticians by Mini Chandran and Sreenath V. S.
Authors:   Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, IIT Tirupati., Dwivedi Prabha Shankar
Published: December 2021

This book can be seen as a response to a severe demand in the field of Indian poetics for an introductory book that provides an overview of all the seminal schools of Indian poetical thoughts, keeping in view both the theories and the theoreticians. This book, in the words of authors, is meant to be “An introduction to the world of Sanskrit poetics, explaining its major concepts lucidly for even those who do not know Sanskrit. It offers a comprehensive historical and conceptual overview of all the major schools in Sanskrit poetics…. It is meant to be a beginners’ guide to the awe-inspiring immensity of Sanskrit literature and literary thought, the first step in a journey that should ideally lead to the profundities of ancient thought.” (Chandran et al 2021, p. xii). The discussion in the book progresses with varied theoretical perspectives on Indian aesthetics in a well laid historico-conceptual order. Though the book briefly talks about Tamil poetics putting it parallel to Sanskrit poetics by comparing Tolk?ppiyam with N??ya??stra in the preface, it primarily serves to be an introductory handbook of Sanskrit poetics for the non-Sanskrit University students at various levels. This book succeeds in providing clearer idea of Indian poetical thoughts to its readers.
‘Subsequent Spirituality’ and Emotional Kitsch-Spheres in Two Literary Depictions (Irzykowski – Dehnel)
Authors: Pawłowska-Jądrzyk Brygida
Published: December 2021

The author of the article examines a phenomenon associated with a certain – today increasingly common – attitude in life that may be described, in most simple terms, as the marriage of non-authenticity with imitationism. The author focuses her attention on feelings of love (as particularly ‘acute’ and, at the same time, probably most mythologized), or rather on their literary depiction, which allows for an accurate diagnosis of the sensitivity typical of a consumer society obsessed with money, subject to the dictates of mass media and under pressure from the ideals and ideas of pop culture. A diagnosis of this kind comes in the form of Jacek Dehnel’s short story Miłość korepetytora (The Private Tutor’s Love) which, together with three other stories, comprises the volume Balzakiana (Balzaciennes) (2008). The young Polish writer, attempting to diagnose the condition of the Polish society after the political transformation of 1989, makes a conscious reference to the distant tradition of realistic prose from the legacy of Honoré de Balzac. As for the review of the sphere of individual feelings and emotions falsified by various stereotypes and abstract ideas, one can also look to a tradition closer to Dehnel: namely the only novel of Karol Irzykowski entitled Pałuba (The Hag) (1903). The author of the article shows some similarities between the Young Poland concept of ‘successive-world phenomena’ and the contemporary vision of determining the emotional sphere through pop culture templates with the underlying experience of romantic elation. References to the diagnoses of Abraham Moles, Milan Kundera and Hermann Broch allow for highlighting the issues of ‘exaltation as a replacement of spirituality’ and kitsch as ‘our daily aesthetic and morality’.
Superhero of the Polish People’s Republic on the Example of Andrzej Kondratiuk’s Hydro-puzzle
Authors: Kuźmicz Tomasz
Published: December 2021

In my essay I try to depict the superheroes from Polish People’s Republic and how they served as embodiments of the ideal vision of a proper citizen, as advocated by the communist authorities. I also trace the differences between them and their Western counterparts, such as Superman or Batman, based on the example of Andrzej Kondratiuk’s Hydro-puzzle. First of all, the social order they upheld and tried to maintain was presented by propaganda as a total antithesis of the Western world – consumptionist, filled with depravation – the root of all imaginable evil. In spite of that, Hydro-puzzle was not only a grotesque parody of American superhero films but also a mocking critique of the communist reality.
Proust And The Ollendorff’s Method
Authors: Zieliński Jan
Published: December 2021

The first part of the paper discusses the meanders of collaboration between Marcel Proust and Paris-based publisher Paul Ollendorff that spanned over twenty years (1893-1913). Further on, Western expansion of the Ollendorff family from Rawicz, Poland, is briefly sketched. Another passage concerns a Maeterlinck pastiche by Proust (Echo, 1911), seen in the context of Ollendorff’s conversation-based method of learning foreign languages. The author suggests Proust was using this method to learn English himself. The paper ends with a survey of several references to the Ollendorff method in the twentieth century Polish prose.
Influence of Digital Medium on the Construction of New Interdependencies between Text and Im
Authors: Smaga Agnieszka
Published: December 2021

The difference between word and image, known from the analogue culture, ‘breaks down’ at the level of generating digital transmission − in the Internet media, web applications, websites, web browsers. The suggested identity of the ‘material’ aspect of writing and image, defined as the assignment of digits to both, finds its consequences at the operational level, that is, in means of communication.
Role of MicroRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs in Regulating
Angiogenesis in Human Breast Cancer: A Molecular Medicine
Perspective
Authors: Golhani Vandana , Ray Suman Kumar , Mukherjee Sukhes
Published: December 2021

:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are proficient in
regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally. Considering the recent trend in
exploiting non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as cancer therapeutics, the potential use of
miRNAs and lncRNAs as biomarkers and novel therapeutic agents against angiogenesis
is an important scientific aspect. An estimated 70% of the genome is actively
transcribed, only 2% of which codes for known protein-coding genes. Long noncoding
RNAs (lncRNAs) are a large and diverse class of RNAs > 200 nucleotides in length, and
not translated into protein, and are of utmost importance and it governs the expression
of genes in a temporal, spatial, and cell context-dependent manner. Angiogenesis is an
essential process for organ morphogenesis and growth during development, and it is
relevant during the repair of wounded tissue in adults. It is coordinated by an equilibrium
of pro-and anti-angiogenic factors; nevertheless, when affected, it promotes several
diseases, including breast cancer. Signaling pathways involved here are tightly
controlled systems that regulate the appropriate timing of gene expression required for
the differentiation of cells down a particular lineage essential for proper tissue
development. Lately, scientific reports are indicating that ncRNAs, such as miRNAs, and
lncRNAs, play critical roles in angiogénesis-related to breast cancer. The specific roles
of various miRNAs and lncRNAs in regulating angiogenesis in breast cancer, with
particular focus on the downstream targets and signaling pathways regulated by these
ncRNAs with molecular medicine perspective, are highlighted in this write-up.
Circulating miR-126 as a Potential Non-invasive Biomarker for Intracranial Aneurysmal Rupture: A Pilot Study
Authors: Wu Jianing , Gareev Ilgiz , Beylerli Ozal , Mukhamedzyanov Albert , Pavlov Valentin , Khasanov Dinar , Khasanova Guzel
Published: December 2021

Aim:

Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are characterized by abnormal dilation and thinning
of the cerebral vessels wall, leading to rupture and life-threatening aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
(aSAH) condition. This dictates the need to find new biomarkers that predict the presence of
IAs and the risk of their rupture. The aim of this study was to measure circulating miR-126 at various
time points post-aSAH to identify the timing of peak levels.

Methods:

Plasma samples from 62 patients with unruptured IAs (UIAs), 80 patients with aSAH at
various time points (1, 3, 7, and 14 days post-event), and 47 healthy control were collected and subjected
to qRT-PCR analyses for the expression levels of circulating miR-126. ROC curve and AUC
were used to evaluate the diagnostic value of circulating miR-126.

Results:

The expression levels of circulating miR-126 were increased in patients with UIAs than in
the healthy control. Furthermore, the expression levels of circulating miR-126 rose substantially
from day 1 to day 7, but with a moderate decrease from day 7 to day 14 in plasma of patients with
aSAH. The peak was observed on day 7. The AUC for miR-126 was 0.75, 0.75, 0.82, 0.87, and
0.79, respectively, and demonstrated that circulating miR-126 displayed considerable accuracy in
discriminating plasma of patients with UIAs and patients after aSAH at various time points from a
healthy control.

Conclusion:

Our results indicated that circulating miR-126 in plasma samples could be served as a
potential non-invasive biomarker in IAs detection and prevention IAs with a high risk of rupture.
Current MRI Methods for the Assessment of Pathologic Prostate: A Brief
Review for Clinicians
Authors: Salazar-Ruiz Shirley-Yoselin , Chilaca-Rosas Maria-Fatima , Sanchez-Rodriguez Irma-Gabriela , Corona-Cedillo Roberto , Ternovoy Sergey K. , Roldan-Valadez Ernesto
Published: December 2021

:

The application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have helped in different modalities
for prostate cancer management, from early detection to treatment planning and follow-up, the
evolution of MRI techniques allows to obtain not only anatomical but also functional information
to take advantage of prostate cancer detection and staging while supplying prognostic and predictive
biomarkers. This review presents conventional and advanced MRI techniques (known as multiparametric
MRI) that allow functional and quantitative assessment of the normal prostate gland
and its correlation with prostate cancer. Additional topics include the epidemiology of prostate cancer
following the Global Burden Diseases Cancer Collaboration 2018, the clinical anatomy of the
prostate gland, and the lower urinary tract; we also mention some aspects of the diagnosis performance
in ultrasound. We end the review with a brief explanation about the anatomical foundation
of external-beam planning radiotherapy.
Biological Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and their Biomedical Activity:
A Review
Authors: Zafar Sarvat , Zafar Aiman , Jabeen Fakhra , Siddiq Miad Ali
Published: December 2021

Nanotechnology studies the various phenomena of physio-chemical procedures and biological
properties for the generation of nanosized particles, and their rising challenges in the various sectors,
like medicine, engineering, agriculture, electronic, and environmental studies. The nanosized particles
exhibit good anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, drug delivery, anti-parasitic, anti-coagulant
and catalytic properties because of their unique dimensions with large surface area, chemical stability
and higher binding density for the accumulation of various bio-constituents on their surfaces. Biological
approaches for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been reviewed because it is an easy
and single-step protocol and a viable substitute for the synthetic chemical-based procedures. Physical
and chemical approaches for the production of AgNPs are also mentioned herein. Biological synthesis
has drawn attention because it is cost-effective, faster, non-pathogenic, environment-friendly, easy to
scale-up for large-scale synthesis, and having no demand for usage of high pressure, energy, temperature,
or noxious chemical ingredients, and safe for human therapeutic use. Therefore, the collaboration
of nanomaterials with bio-green approaches could extend the utilization of biological and cytological
properties compatible with AgNPs. In this perspective, there is an immediate need to develop ecofriendly
and biocompatible techniques, which strengthen efficacy against microbes and minimize toxicity
for human cells. The present study introduces the biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles, and
their potential biomedical applications have also been reviewed.
Essential Oils of Basil Cultivars Selectively Affect the Activity of Antioxidant
Enzymes in Murine Glial Cells
Authors: Sahakyan Naira , Andreoletti Pierre , Petrosyan Margarit , Cherkaoui-Malki Mustapha
Published: December 2021

Aims:

This work aimed to reveal some mechanisms of influence of three basil EO on
the microglial cells, as recently, research data stated that these oils have anti-aging and neuroprotective
properties, and they are found to be effective against some forms of neurodegeneration.

Background:

The microglial cells play a pivotal role as the neuroprotective agents against neuroinflammation.
Ocimum subspecies are a rich source of essential oils (EO) and used to be applied
since antiquity for different purposes, including the prevention and treatment of various diseases.

Objective:

In this study, the influence of the essential oils extracted from three basil cultivars (O.
basilicum var. purpureum, O. basilicum var. thyrsiflora, and O. x citriodorum), possessing remarkable
antioxidant activity, on the activity of the main antioxidant enzymes in microglial BV-2 wild
type (WT) and Acetyl-CoA oxidase deficient cell lines (Acox1-/-) was evaluated.

Method:

All manipulations were carried out using murine microglial BV-2 cell lines (BV-2,
Acyl- CoA oxidase type 1 (ACOX1) deficient mutants (Acox1-/-), and WT cells).

Result:

Data included in the present article state that plant origin substances can play a role in the
regulation of enzymatic antioxidant activity of cells. EOs extracted from the Ocimum different cultivars
are able to trigger the activity of acetyl-CoA oxidase type 1 (or palmitoyl-CoA oxidase type
1), which can serve as a basis for the regulation of redox deviation in WT cells.

Conclusion:

Thus, it can be suggested to apply them for the prevention of some processes, which
can influence aging, as the process of ageing is commonly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction,
oxidative stress caused by the increased level of free radical production, dysfunction of the microglia,
high blood pressure, and so on.

Practical Applications:

The microglial cells play a pivotal role as the neuroprotective agents
against neuroinflammation. Different data included in the present article described that plant origin
substances can play a role in regulating the enzymatic antioxidant activity of cells. EOs extracted
from different cultivars of Ocimum are able to trigger the activity of acetyl-CoA oxidase type 1
(palmitoyl-CoA oxidase type 1), which can serve as a basis for the regulation of redox deviation in
WT cells. Therefore, it can be proposed to apply them as prevention of some processes, which can
influence aging, since the process of aging is commonly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction,
oxidative stress caused by the increased level of free radical production, dysfunction of the microglia,
high blood pressure and so on.
Surface Morphology Investigations of Nanocrystalline R2Fe14B (R = Y, Nd, Gd, Er) by Atomic Force Microscopy
Authors: Pelevin I.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The study was aimed at microstructure investigations of melt-spun rare-earth intermetallic compounds using atomic force microscopy. Surface morphology of R2Fe14B (R = Y, Nd, Gd, Er) was studied with nanometric resolution. Grain structure features were discovered depending on the rare-earth element composition and quenching regime. Grain size dependence on rare earth elements' composition decreased with the metal's serial number and atomic weight. Wherein structural size dependence on quenching wheel speed had non-linear character: increase the speed from 20 to 30 m/s led to 3 times decrease of the grain size and significant surface roughness reduction.
Analysis of Magnetic Forces in the Working Clearance with Magnetic-Abrasive Treatment of Inductors on Standing Magnets
Authors: Ikonnikov A.M.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The authors describe the method of calculating the magnetic forces in the working gap in the case of magnetically abrasive machining of flat surfaces of billets from magnetic materials by the periphery of a circular inductor on permanent magnets. The application of the software package ANSIS Maxwell for the calculation of the magnetic induction method in the working gap and the magnetic forces of the magnetically abrasive powder acting on the grain is shown. As a result of the work, the magnetic induction in the working gap was calculated for magnetically abrasive machining of flat surfaces of billets from magnetic materials by an inducer on permanent magnets. Also, calculations showed the distribution of the magnetic abrasive powder in the working gap, depending on the material of the workpiece being processed. In the case of magnetically abrasive machining of a magnetic workpiece, the powder in the working gap is concentrated in the zones with the greatest density of force lines - under the inductor poles. An analysis is made of the distribution of magnetic forces in the working gap during magnetic abrasive machining.
Analysis of the Corrosion Behavior of the TiNi Alloy in the Coarse-Grained State
Authors: Churakova A.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. In this work was investigate the corrosion behavior of the TiNi alloy in a coarse-grained state in inorganic field with different concentration and holding time. An increase in the concentration of the solution leads to a significant acceleration of corrosion processes in the Ti49.1Ni50.9 alloy with a high Ni content, including until the samples are completely dissolved. It was revealed that solutions of 1 M sulfuric and hydrochloric acids after a month's exposure did not change in color and no precipitations were found, while solutions of 5 M hydrochloric and sulfuric acids acquired a violet and then green color, which is due to the predominant release of titanium ions (+4) and nickel (+2).
Influence of Acid-Activated Micro-Dispersed Additive on the Properties of Cement Sulphate-Resistant Compositions
Authors: Petropavlovskaya V.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Research is devoted to the possibility of obtaining a composition based on a microdispersed ash additive and a plasticizer. Waste from sewage sludge ash used. They are formed at thermal power plants. Such ashes are distinguished by the presence of a large amount of organic matter and a low calcium content. Therefore, they are rarely used in construction. The activation of the waste fuel and the use of a plasticizer can improve the performance of cement compositions with the inclusion of sewage sludge ash.
Automatic Control System for Bodies of Revolution Processing
Authors: Drachev O.I.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. This research is related to metalworking processing of bodies of revolution with the help of universal lathe machines. The technology includes the application of two types of vibrations to the working tool and the processed surface error measurement. To increase the manufacturing accuracy, the workpiece processed surface error is measured while a workpiece is being rotated; this rotation is performed with the workpiece being rigidly fixed in end supports and at the same time being damped in the sections between these supports. Furthermore, the parameters of vibrations applied to the tool working travel are defined by the workpiece form error and the nature of distribution of stresses that appear when the workpiece is fixed; the nature of the workpiece processed surface form error is extrapolated from the data obtained in the workpiece sections between the supports. Before manufacturing, the workpiece is corrected while being fixed in rigid supports, and the correction itself is performed as the function of magnitude and vector of the workpiece maximum deflection plane. The workpiece may be fixed in rigid supports; steady rests with double rollers may be used as such supports. The workpiece dampening in its sections between end supports may be performed using self-centering steady rests.
Model of Filling the Internal Structure of Workpiece with Curved Layers for 3D Printing
Authors: Grechukhin A.N.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. This paper presents a solution to the problem of filling the internal structure of the workpiece with curve layer in 3D printing. A generalized model of filling the internal structure of workpiece with curve layer is designed. The results are presented for solving the problem on the example of curved layers of a conical shape with filling along a helical line. The research results can be in demand in the development of algorithms and software for technological equipment. They allow to ensure the formation of the internal structure of products in curved layers during 3D printing.
Towards Electron-Beam-Driven Soft / Polymer Fiber Microrobotics for Vacuum Conditions
Authors: Gradov O.V.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The possibility of creating vacuum robotics based on the polymer structures irradiated by an electron beam, in particular, polymer fibers, which provide high functional flexibility and a variety of states, is discussed. The possibility of using polymer fibers as different types of MEMS-like electromechanical elements is demonstrated - from elastic cantilevers to springs that change their state under the electron beam. Experimentally proved the presence of different functional types of fibers, correlating with their thickness, as well as the phenomenon of the fiber break. A number of exotic forms of dynamics have been demonstrated and a method for their detection has been developed using 2D Fourier spectra, integral spatial characteristics, time resolved correlograms and wavelet transforms (visualized as the scaleograms / scalograms). Access barcodes for the full video records of the corresponding experiments are provided.
Method for Calculating the Shape of Rolls for Helical Rolling
Authors: Gorbatyuk S.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The paper is devoted to solving the problem of determining the shape of the rolls of helical rolling mills, depending on the specified profile of the deformation zone. A universal calculation method has been proposed, thanks to which it is possible to determine the shape of the working surface of a roll for all types of helical rolling mills (with mushroom-shaped, cup-shaped, barrel-shaped and disc rolls), any relative arrangement of the rolling axis and rolls axes, and various locations of the deformation zone on the rolling axis. The proposed method is implemented as a standalone exe-application with a simple intuitive interface. The application allows you to output the calculation results into txt-files, which can then be imported into CAD systems to create 3D roll models.
Language of Uzbek national dance art movements
Authors: Sayfullaeva Ra'no , Hamroeva Hulkar , Butunbaeva Tomaris Azam
Published: December 2021

This article examines the national-cultural lines of Uzbek dance, the language of subject dances, and their movements. Therefore, along with many other intangible cultural heritage values, it is necessary to pass on to future generations the rich experience accumulated in the art of Uzbek national dance.  "Preservation of the art of dance, which embodies national values, customs, and traditions, as an ancient source of our spirituality and culture, the restoration of its disappearing forms and movements, terms, the nature of dance, its structure, performance features, objects, clothing, and jewelry.  The scientific study of the role of performance in complement, refinement, and bleaching is one of the urgent tasks facing the executive choreographer, organizer, and researchers working in the field of dance. To this end, one of the important issues facing the scientific community is to improve the textual and video recording system of dance performances, as well as the creation of special terminology.
Структура электронных состояний соединений Gd-=SUB=-5-=/SUB=-Sb-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=- и Gd-=SUB=-5-=/SUB=-Ge-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Sb по данным зонных расчетов и оптической спектроскопии
Authors: Князев Ю.В. , Лукоянов А.В. , Кузьмин Ю.И. , Shanmukharao Samatham S. , Patel Akhilesh Kumar , Suresh K.G.
Published: December 2021

Results of investigations of the electronic structure and optical properties of Gd5Sb3 and Gd5Ge2Sb compounds are presented. Calculations of band spectra were carried out in frame of local density approximation with a correction for strong correlation effects in 4f shell of rare-earth ion (DFT+U+SO method). Optical constants of these materials were measured by ellipsometric technique in wide wavelength interval. Energy dependencies of a number of spectral parameters were determined. The nature of quantum light absorption is discussed on the base of comparative analysis of the experimental and calculated spectra of optical conductivity.
Электросопротивление сплавов Ni-=SUB=-42+x-=/SUB=-Mn-=SUB=-47-x-=/SUB=-Sn-=SUB=-11-=/SUB=-
Authors: Волкова Н.В. , Чистяков В.В. , Патраков Е.И. , Коренистов П.С. , Перевалова А.Н. , Емельянова С.М.
Published: December 2021

Исследованы электросопротивление и структура сплавов Ni42+xMn47-xSn11, где x=0, 1, 2, 3, 4. При комнатной температуре сплавы Ni42+xMn47-xSn11 упорядочены в кубическую структуру L21 Ni2MnSn, характерную для сплавов Гейслера. Характерный для ферромагнитных нестехиометрических сплавов Гейслера фазовый переход между кубической аустенитной фазой и мартенситом с более низкой симметрией наблюдается при температурах ниже комнатной. Обнаружено, что частичная замена атомов Mn атомами Ni приводит к повышению температур фазового перехода и к смещению их в область комнатных температур. Ключевые слова: сплавы Гейслера, электросопротивление, фазовый переход.
EKSTRÜDER VİDALAR İÇİN AŞINMAYA DİRENÇLİ KROM OKSİT ESASLI KAPLAMALARIN ÜRETİMİ VE KARAKTERİZASYONU
Authors: SEMERCİ Ali İlkay , ALTUNCU Ekrem
Published: December 2021

Hızla gelişen polimer endüstrisinde kullanılan ekstrüder vidalar prosesin en önemli mekanik elemanlarıdır. Proses sürecinde vida üzerinde zaman içerisinde abrasiv ve adhezif aşınma nedenli problemler artmakta, bu durum proses verimliliğini önemli ölçüde düşürmektedir. Çok çeşitli yüzey işlem ve kaplama teknikleri ile yeni veya aşınmış iş parçalarının yüzeylerinin korunması, yüzey direncinin artırılması, parçanın boyut tolerans sınırlarına ulaştırılması ve tamiri mümkündür. Vida yüzeylerinin aşınma direncinin artırılması amacı ile çeşitli ısıl işlem ve kaplama teknikleri uygulanmaktadır. Uygulanan yüzey işlem ve kaplama teknikleri yüksek ısı girdisi nedeni ile altlık malzemenin mikroyapısal özelliklerini etkilemekte kaplamanın yüzeyden dökülmesine neden olabilmekte ve aşınma direnci zayıflamaktadır. Bu sebeple bu çalışmada daha düşük ısıl girdi ile sağlanabilecek termal sprey kaplama tekniği ile Krom oksit esaslı kaplama kompozisyonunu gerekli koşullarda üretilmiş ve ısıl işlem uygulanmıştır. Üretilen kaplamalar ile günümüzde hali hazırda kullanılan 4140 nitrasyon çeliği ısıl işlemli ve ısıl işlemsiz olmak üzere ASTM G65 Aşınma testine, Sertlik Ölçümlerine ve Mikroskobik incelemelere tabii tutulmuşlardır. Yapılan testler sonrası elde edilen sonuçlarda 4140 çeliğinde hacimce 85,96 mm3 aşınma kaybı gözlemlenirken, oksit esaslı Cr2O3 kaplamasının ısıl işlem görmüş hali hacimce kütle kaybı 6,76 mm3 olarak gözlenmiştir.
SolarPILOT UYGULAMASIYLA ISPARTA İLİNDE GÜNEŞ KULESİ MODELLEMESİ
Authors: ŞEN Serhat , ÜÇGÜL İbrahim
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışma, özellikle heliostat aynaların alıcıya odaklanarak yüksek sıcaklıklarda enerji üretimi için çalışmalarda bulunulan Merkezi Odaklamalı Güneş Güç Sistemi veya Güneş Kulesi olarak adlandırılan sisteme ve sistem tasarımlarına farklı bakış açısı getirmek amacıyla SolarPILOT programı tanıtılmıştır. Isparta ili için günlük 10 MWt kapasiteli, yıllık enerji üretimi gerçekleştirilecek planlamasıyla, sistem uygulanabilirliği için sistem tasarımının en önemli hesaplama parametreleri olan heliostat alan ve heliostat alanın termal gücüne bağlı alıcı ve heliostat alan yerleşimi incelenmiştir. Bu işlemler için, güneş ışınım modeli, güneşlenme modeli, sistem tasarım parametreleri, heliostat seçim kriterleri, optimizasyon simülasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu hususların adım adım SolarPILOT uygulamasında kullanılan modeller açıklanarak, hesaplama için seçimi gerçekleştirilen model açıklamasıyla birlikte verilmiştir. Uygulama tasarım değerleri tespit edilmiş olup, uygulamanın yapılması planlanan arazinin yıllık ortalama DNI (Direct Normal Irradiation (Doğrudan Normal Işınım)) verisi tespit edilerek sistem optimizasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Alan düzenlemesi gerçekleştirilerek sistem için gerekli heliostat alanı tespit edilmiştir. Yaklaşık termal kayıplar belirlenerek sistem hesaplamaları tamamlanmıştır. Bulgular, güneş kulesi modelinin Isparta ili için uygulanabilir olduğunu göstermiş ve tasarım parametreleri elde edilmiştir.
CLASSIFICATION OF USER COMMENTS IN A MOBILE APPLICATION USING DATA AUGMENTATION WITH MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES
Authors: ÇELİK Özer , KAPLAN Gürkan
Published: December 2021

With the increasing use of social media in recent years, there are too many comments to be followed on almost every issue. These comments contain both important and unimportant information. But, it is almost impossible to follow of so many comments nowadays. In this study, text classification of user comments made to the Anadolu University mobile application was made. It was estimated whether the comments made on the application were related to the content or the application. In addition, the effect of oversampling and undersampling on text classification performance was investigated. For this purpose, synthetic minority oversampling technique (Smote), condensed nearest neighbor undersampling technique (CNN) and random undersampling (RUS) technique were applied to the data set. 1008 user comments received from mobile application were classified by these techniques. In the Smote oversampling classification, ANN algorithm was found to have the best classification with 93.57% accuracy. In the undersampling classification, Random Forest algorithm was found to have the best classifications with 72.22% accuracy. In the random sampling classification, Extreme Gradient Boosting algorithm was found to have the best classification with 84.44% accuracy.