bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introduction of competitive intelligence tools in the trade enterprises activity
Authors: KOVTUNENKO Kseniia , KOVALYK Oksana , RODIONOV Dmytro
Published: August 2020

Introduction. In today's conditions of fierce competition in the international market, the search for methods to reduce overall costs in order to gain a competitive advantage is becoming increasingly important for commercial enterprises. The main direction of improving the strategy is a set of methods for finding the necessary information to make appropriate management decisions.
The purpose of the paper is to identify opportunities for the use of competitive intelligence tools in commercial enterprises.
Results. The introduction of methods of competitive intelligence to improve the information security of logistics activities of a commercial enterprise requires the creation of a new department. This will allow you to collect and store information, inform staff, resolve issues in a timely manner, respond quickly to threats. It is also recommended to use IntelliProtector software, which works online, as well as the convenience and mobility and security of licensed services, as a tool for competitive intelligence in commercial enterprises. When a new department is created, the head of the competitive intelligence department will be responsible for the software. The implementation of such measures, namely the protection of information on the basis of competitive intelligence can be divided into 4 main stages: development and creation of a single data bank; creation of a competitive intelligence department; creation of complex security of the enterprise; software implementation. Before implementing any project, it is necessary to assess all possible and existing risks, their types and identify possible ways to reduce them.
Conclusion. The introduction of methods of competitive intelligence to improve the information security of logistics activities of a commercial enterprise will create another structural element of the enterprise. It is proposed to use the program IntelliProtector, which provides convenience and mobility and security of licensed services.
Protocol for Rapid, Accurate,
Electrophysiologic, Auditory Assessment of Infants
and Toddlers
Authors: Sininger Yvonne S. , Hunter Lisa L. , Roush Patricia A. , Windmill Sue , Hayes Deborah , Uhler Kristin M.
Published: August 2020

Background Audiologists often lack
confidence in results produced by current
protocols for diagnostic electrophysiologic
testing of infants. This leads to repeat testing
appointments and slow protocols which extend the
time needed to complete the testing and
consequently delay fitting of amplification. A
recent publication (Sininger et al50) has shown
how new technologies can be applied to
electrophysiologic testing systems to improve
confidence in results and allow faster test
protocols. Average test times for complete
audiogram predictions when using new technologies
and protocols were found to be just over
32 minutes using auditory brainstem response (ABR)
and just under 20 minutes using auditory
steady-state response (ASSR) technology.

Purpose The purpose of this manuscript is
to provide details of expedited test protocols for
infant and toddler diagnostic electrophysiologic
testing.

Summary Several new technologies and
their role in test speed and confidence are
described including CE-Chirp stimuli, automated
detection of ABRs using a technique called F MP,
Bayesian weighting which is an alternative to
standard artifact rejection and Next-Generation
ASSR with improved response detection and chirp
stimuli. The test protocol has the following
features: (1) preliminary testing includes
impedance measures and otoacoustic emissions, (2)
starting test levels are based on Broad-Band
CE-Chirp thresholds in each ear, (3) ABRs or ASSRs
are considered present based on automated
detection rather than on replication of responses,
(4) number of test levels is minimized, (5) ASSR
generally evaluates four frequencies in each ear
simultaneously with flexibility to change all test
levels independently.

Conclusions Combining new technologies
with common-sense strategies has been shown to
substantially reduce test times for predicting
audiometric thresholds in infants and toddlers
(Sininger et al50). Details and rationales for
changing test strategies and protocols are given
and case examples are used to illustrate.
Analisis Aliran Daya Pada Sistem Tenaga Listrik Sulawesi Utara dan Gorontalo Menggunakan Metode Fast Decoupled
Authors: Debora Ruth , Harun Ervan , Mohamad Yasin
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aliran daya dengan unjuk kerja ETAP 6.0 menggunakan metode Fast Decoupled pada sistem tenaga listrik Sulawesi Utara dan Gorontalo, Mengetahui kondisi tegangan pada penambahan beban, dan mengetahui daya aktif (MW), daya reaktif (MVar), dan arus (Ampere) pada sistem tenaga listrik Sulawesi Utara dan Gorontalo. Data penelitian ini diperoleh dari Area Penyaluran dan Pengaturan Beban (AP2B) Tomohon Sulawesi Utara yaitu data transformator, generator tiap pembangkit, jumlah beban setiap Gardu Induk (GI), gambar diagram single line sistem tenaga listrik Sulawesi utara dan Gorontalo yaitu Sistem interkoneksi tenaga listrik 150 kV dan 66 kV Gorontalo selanjutnya dilakukan simulasi pada program Etap dengan metode fast decoupled yang sudah integrasi pada program.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada Gardu Induk sistem tegangan nominal 66 kV yang tersambung dengan berbeda besar beban (MW) dan kapasitas pembangkit yang tetap maka kondisi tegangan masih diperbolehkan dan untuk sistem 150 kV terjadi naik tegangan saat sistem tersambung pada beban rendah ada beberapa Gardu Induk terjadi naik tegangan yang melebihi batas kritis (Critical Over Voltage) yaitu terjadi pada GI Lolak, Boroko, dan Isimu dengan tegangan melebihi 157,5 kV. Dan untuk beban puncak, beban bertambah 20%, beban bertambah 40% dan beban bertambah 60% kondisi tegangan masih diperbolehkan menurut SPLN 1:1978 tentang standar tegangan dan Grid Code Sulawesi yang menjelaskan karakteristik untuk kerja jaringan bahwa batasan tegangan sistem dengan tegangan nominal 66 kV dan 150 kV memiliki standar kondisi normal +5% naik tegangan (Over Voltage) dan -10% turun tegangan (Under Voltage).
Kajian Kelayakan Operasi Pecah Beban Penyulang Beta (SI-2) untuk Kehandalan Sistem Kelistrikan Kota Bitung
Authors: Amu Ilham , Mohamad Yasin , Tolago Ade Irawaty
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aliran daya dengan unjuk kerja ETAP 6.0 menggunakan metode Fast Decoupled pada sistem tenaga listrik Sulawesi Utara dan Gorontalo, Mengetahui kondisi tegangan pada penambahan beban, dan mengetahui daya aktif (MW), daya reaktif (MVar), dan arus (Ampere) pada sistem tenaga listrik Sulawesi Utara dan Gorontalo. Data penelitian ini diperoleh dari Area Penyaluran dan Pengaturan Beban (AP2B) Tomohon Sulawesi Utara yaitu data transformator, generator tiap pembangkit, jumlah beban setiap Gardu Induk (GI), gambar diagram single line sistem tenaga listrik Sulawesi utara dan Gorontalo yaitu Sistem interkoneksi tenaga listrik 150 kV dan 66 kV Gorontalo selanjutnya dilakukan simulasi pada program Etap dengan metode fast decoupled yang sudah integrasi pada program.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada Gardu Induk sistem tegangan nominal 66 kV yang tersambung dengan berbeda besar beban (MW) dan kapasitas pembangkit yang tetap maka kondisi tegangan masih diperbolehkan dan untuk sistem 150 kV terjadi naik tegangan saat sistem tersambung pada beban rendah ada beberapa Gardu Induk terjadi naik tegangan yang melebihi batas kritis (Critical Over Voltage) yaitu terjadi pada GI Lolak, Boroko, dan Isimu dengan tegangan melebihi 157,5 kV. Dan untuk beban puncak, beban bertambah 20%, beban bertambah 40% dan beban bertambah 60% kondisi tegangan masih diperbolehkan menurut SPLN 1:1978 tentang standar tegangan dan Grid Code Sulawesi yang menjelaskan karakteristik untuk kerja jaringan bahwa batasan tegangan sistem dengan tegangan nominal 66 kV dan 150 kV memiliki standar kondisi normal +5% naik tegangan (Over Voltage) dan -10% turun tegangan (Under Voltage).
Studi Penanganan Gangguan Spektrum Frekuensi Radio Di Loka Monitor Gorontalo (Kasus Gangguan Pada Radar Cuaca BMKG Gorontalo)
Authors: Budiono Muchlis , Bonok Zainudin , Abdussamad Syahrir
Published: August 2020

Gangguan frekuensi dapat mengakibatkan kerusakan pada sistem telekomunikasi baik komunikasi dalam bentuk voice maupun data, oleh karena itu gangguan pada frekuensi ini harus segera mungkin di atasi agar komunikasi dapat berjalan dengan lancar.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari proses dalam penanganan gangguan frekuensi radio di Loka Monitor Spektrum Frekuensi Radio Gorontalo (kasus gangguan pada frekuensi yang ditetapkan untuk radar cuaca BMKG Provinsi Gorontalo Stasiun Meteorologi Kelas I Djalaluddin). Metode yang digunakan yaitu studi observasi lapangan dan diskusi bersama beberapa pihak terkait guna melakukan pengambilan data lapangan yang diperlukan. Alat dan bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu: GPS Garmin Montana 650s, RS PR 100, RS Antenna HE300, FieldFox N9918A, Antenna BWA 5 GHz TP-Link CPE 610, Spectrum Analyzer Anritsu MS2720T, Teropong Steiner, Inverter, Laptop, dan Mobil Monitoring. Dengan menggunakan spectrum analyzer dapatdilihat terjadinya interferensi disebabkan adanya sinyal lain yang frekuensinya sama dan besarnya daya sinyal pengganggu. Ukuran yang digunakan untuk menilai kualitas sinyal terhadap gangguan interferensi dinyatakan dengan C/I (dB). Frekuensi radar BMKG Provinsi Gorontalo mengalami gangguan pada frekuensi kerjanya yaitu pada range 5540 – 5660 MHz, Gangguan frekuensi pada radar cuaca BMKG Gorontalo dalam bentuk interferensi disebabkan adanya banyak penggunaan frekuensi BWA 5 GHz yang menduduki frekuensi kerja radar BMKG, Selanjutnya Tim Loka Monitor Spektrum Frekuensi Radio Gorontalo melakukan clearance frekuensi radio di wilayah Kota Gorontalo dari range frekuensi 5540 MHz sampai dengan 5660 MHz. Selanjutnya melakukan pengecekan langsung ke access point yang menjadi sumber pengganggu radar cuaca BMKG. Adapun penanganan gangguannya yaitupemilik diberikan teguran selanjutnya perangkat dimatikan sementara, serta pemilik diminta mengisi surat pernyataan dan mengalokasikan perangkat pada frekuensi yang sesuai perizinannya
Pelacakan Objek Bergerak Berdasarkan Pendekatan Adaptive Threshold untuk Alpha Matting Menggunakan Metode K-Means
Authors: Harun Rofiq
Published: August 2020

Pelacakan objek merupakan kegiatan penting dalam bidang computer vision yang memiliki banyak aplikasi bidang interaksi manusia dan komputer, pengawasan, ruang yang cerdas dan pencitraan medis. Dalam bentuk yang paling sederhana, pelacakan dapat didefinisikan sebagai masalah memperkirakan lintasan objek dalam bidang gambar ketika bergerak di sekitar scene. Pelacakan obyek udah banyak dilakukan oleh para peneliti sebelumnya, baik menggunakan representasi obyek, feature selection. Maka peneliti mengusulkan penelitian baru yaitu pencarian nilai threshold menggunakan metode kmeans. Kemudian di lanjutkan dengan proses matting. Dari percobaan menggunakan 15 data indoor dan 15 data outdoor, didapatkan nilai threshold menggunakan metode kmeansuntuk matting terbukti lebih baik dibandingkan dengan metode Otsu, FCM, maupun metode manual. Dimana nilai akurasi metode Otsu didapatkan nilai MSE sebesar 3,13E+02 pixel, nilai MSE untuk FCM didapat sebesar 5,22E+01 pixel, metode kmeans sebesar 4,00E+01 pixeldari beberapa frame yang dijadikan latihanmenggunakan metode kmeans menggunakan fungsi matting. Dan untuk dataset outdoor nilai rata-rata yang di dapat dengan metode Otsu didapatkan nilai MSE sebesar 1,38E+02 pixel, nilai MSE untuk FCM didapat sebesar 1,89E+02 pixel, metode kmeans sebesar 1,27E+02 pixel
Effect of Annealing Temperature on Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cell
Authors: Aziz Issa , Yousif Kamil , Abdel Naseem
Published: August 2020

In this work, a simple method for producing Perovskite solar cells [PSCs] by recycling automobile batteries is used. Trying to get rid of some structures or materials which are harm to the environment (i.e. recycled car batteries) by using lead [Pb] sheets from those battery. Also, by reusing car batteries we will avoid the disposal of toxic battery elements and provide an alternative technique, readily-available Pb source for fabricating PSCs. Perovskite solar cells [PSCs] were prepared by two-step spin coating solution method grown on the FTO glass substrate. The organo-halide PSCs consists of four layers over FTO glass substrate. Lead iodide (PbI2) and methyl-ammonium iodide (CH3NH3I) used to form the structure of the precursor (CH3NH3PbI3) by the above-mentioned coating method. The photovoltaic performance of PSCs was investigated, together with the stability of PSCs, and the effect of annealing temperature of PRK layer on performance of PSCs. Characterization of PSCs achieved by using X-ray diffraction, SEM, and Spectrophotometer techniques.  The effect of annealing on the optical properties of MAPbI3 films were studied by measuring spectral transmittance. The energy band gap value of the MAPbI3 film was found to be 1.60 eV.
Small Sensitivity of the Simulated Climate of Tidally Locked Aquaplanets to Model Resolution
Authors: Wei Mengyu , Zhang Yixiao , Yang Jun
Published: August 2020

Tidally locked terrestrial planets around low-mass stars are the prime targets of finding potentially habitable exoplanets. Several atmospheric general circulation models have been employed to simulate their possible climates; however, model intercomparisons showed that there are large differences in the results of the models even when they are forced with the same boundary conditions. In this paper, we examine whether model resolution contributes to the differences. Using the atmospheric general circulation model ExoCAM coupled to a 50 m slab ocean, we examine three different horizontal resolutions (440 km × 550 km, 210 km × 280 km, and 50 km × 70 km in latitude and longitude) and three different vertical resolutions (26, 51, and 74 levels) under the same dynamical core and the same schemes of radiation, convection, and clouds. Among the experiments, the differences are within 5 K in global-mean surface temperature and within 0.007 in planetary albedo. These differences are from cloud feedback, water vapor feedback, and the decreasing trend of relative humidity with increasing resolution. Relatively small-scale downdrafts between upwelling columns over the substellar region are better resolved and the mixing between dry and wet air parcels and between anvil clouds and their environment are enhanced as the resolution is increased. These reduce atmospheric relative humidity and high-level cloud fraction, causing a lower clear-sky greenhouse effect, a weaker cloud longwave radiation effect, and subsequently a cooler climate with increasing model resolution. Overall, the sensitivity of the simulated climate of tidally locked aquaplanets to model resolution is small.
New Ammonia Masers in the High-mass Star-forming Region Sgr B2(N)
Authors: Mei Ying , Chen Xi , Shen Zhi-Qiang , Li Bin
Published: August 2020

We report a systemic search for nonmetastable NH3 masers toward a high-mass star-forming region Sgr B2(N) using the Shanghai 65 m Tianma radio telescope with its Ku-band (12–18 GHz) and K-band (18–26.5 GHz) receivers. A total of 18 maser emission transitions were detected, and eight of these are newly identified NH3 maser transitions in interstellar space. Most (five) of the new maser transitions were found from the Ku-band observations which were absent from previous searches. Rotation diagram analysis for the 18 quasi-thermal transitions derived a high gas kinematic temperature (∼400 K) and an extremely high H2 column density (∼5 × 1025 cm−2). Such conditions suggest that the NH3 masers are likely pumped by vibrational excitation. Compared with quiet maser activity observed more than 20 yr ago, NH3 masers may be bursting in our observation time when the gas kinematic temperature might increase from ∼150 to ∼400 K. As extreme conditions (either high gas kinematic temperature and/or high gas column density) are required to excite nonmetastable NH3 masers, it can be argued that the detected NH3 maser outburst may be linked to a more intensive accretion-burst event from an high-mass young stellar object in the Sgr B2(N) region.
The Rise and Fall of ASASSN-18pg: Following a TDE from Early to Late Times
Authors: Holoien Thomas W.-S. , Auchettl Katie , Tucker Michael A. , Shappee Benjamin J. , Patel Shannon G. , Miller-Jones James C. A. , Mockler Brenna , Groenewald Danièl N. , Hinkle Jason T. , Brown Jonathan S. , Kochanek Christopher S. , Stanek K. Z. , Chen Ping , Dong Subo , Prieto Jose L. , Thompson Todd A. , Beaton Rachael L. , Connor Thomas , Cowperthwaite Philip S. , Dahmen Linnea , French K. Decker , Morrell Nidia , Buckley David A. H. , Gromadzki Mariusz , Roy Rupak , Coulter David A. , Dimitriadis Georgios , Foley Ryan J. , Kilpatrick Charles D. , Piro Anthony L. , Rojas-Bravo César , Siebert Matthew R. , Velzen Sjoert van
Published: August 2020

We present nearly 500 days of observations of the tidal disruption event (TDE) ASASSN-18pg, spanning from 54 days before peak light to 441 days after peak light. Our data set includes X-ray, UV, and optical photometry, optical spectroscopy, radio observations, and the first published spectropolarimetric observations of a TDE. ASASSN-18pg was discovered on 2018 July 11 by the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN) at a distance of d = 78.6 Mpc; with a peak UV magnitude of m ≃ 14, it is both one of the nearest and brightest TDEs discovered to-date. The photometric data allow us to track both the rise to peak and the long-term evolution of the TDE. ASASSN-18pg peaked at a luminosity of L ≃ 2.4 × 1044 erg s−1, and its late-time evolution is shallower than a flux ∝t
−5/3 power-law model, similar to what has been seen in other TDEs. ASASSN-18pg exhibited Balmer lines and spectroscopic features consistent with Bowen fluorescence prior to peak, which remained detectable for roughly 225 days after peak. Analysis of the two-component Hα profile indicates that, if they are the result of reprocessing of emission from the accretion disk, the different spectroscopic lines may be coming from regions between ∼10 and ∼60 lt-days from the black hole. No X-ray emission is detected from the TDE, and there is no evidence of a jet or strong outflow detected in the radio. Our spectropolarimetric observations indicate that the projected emission region is likely not significantly aspherical, with the projected emission region having an axis ratio of ≳0.65.
A Dynamical Survey of Stellar-mass Black Holes in 50 Milky Way Globular Clusters
Authors: Weatherford Newlin C. , Chatterjee Sourav , Kremer Kyle , Rasio Frederic A.
Published: August 2020

Recent numerical simulations of globular clusters (GCs) have shown that stellar-mass black holes (BHs) play a fundamental role in driving cluster evolution and shaping their present-day structure. Rapidly mass-segregating to the center of GCs, BHs act as a dynamical energy source via repeated superelastic scattering, delaying the onset of core collapse and limiting mass segregation for visible stars. While recent discoveries of BH candidates in Galactic and extragalactic GCs have further piqued interest in BH-mediated cluster dynamics, numerical models show that even if significant BH populations remain in today’s GCs, they are not typically in directly detectable configurations. We demonstrated in Weatherford et al. that an anticorrelation between a suitable measure of mass segregation (Δ) in observable stellar populations and the number of retained BHs in GC models can be applied to indirectly probe BH populations in real GCs. Here we estimate the number and total mass of BHs in 50 Milky Way GCs from the Advanced Camera for Surveys GC Survey. For each GC, Δ is measured between observed main-sequence populations and fed into correlations between Δ and BH retention found in our CMC Cluster Catalog’s models. We demonstrate that the range in measured Δ from our models matches that for observed GCs to a remarkable degree. Our results constitute the largest sample of GCs for which BH populations have been predicted to date using a self-consistent and robust statistical approach. We identify NGC 2808, 5927, 5986, 6101, and 6205 to retain especially large BH populations, each with a total BH mass exceeding 103

.
Ultradiffuse Galaxies in the Coma Cluster: Probing Their Origin and AGN Occupation Fraction
Authors: Kovács Orsolya E. , Bogdán Ákos , Canning Rebecca E. A.
Published: August 2020

Ultradiffuse galaxies (UDGs) exhibit low surface brightness, but their optical extent is comparable to that of Milky Way-type galaxies. In this work, we utilize Chandra X-ray observations of 404 UDGs in the Coma cluster and address two crucial goals. First, we constrain the formation scenario of UDGs by probing the X-ray emission originating from diffuse gas and from the population of unresolved low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) residing in globular clusters (GCs). It is expected that both the luminosity of the hot gas and the number of GCs, and hence the luminosity from GC-LMXBs, are proportional to the total mass of the dark matter halo. We do not detect statistically significant emission from the hot gas or from GC-LMXBs. The upper limits on the X-ray luminosities suggest that the bulk of the UDGs reside in low-mass dark matter halos, implying that they are genuine dwarf galaxies. This conclusion agrees with our previous results obtained for isolated UDGs, arguing that UDGs are a homogeneous population of galaxies. Second, we constrain the AGN occupation fraction of UDGs, i.e., the fraction of UDGs that are occupied by an active galactic nucleus, for the first time. To this end, we cross-correlate the position of detected X-ray sources in the Coma cluster with the position of UDGs. We identify two UDGs that have a luminous X-ray source at 3.″0 and 3.″2 from their center, which could be off-center AGNs. However, Monte Carlo simulations suggest that one of these sources could be the result of spatial coincidence with a background AGN. Therefore, we place an upper limit of ≲0.5% on the AGN occupation fraction of UDGs.
The Mass Function of Supermassive Black Holes in the Direct Collapse Scenario
Authors: Das Arpan , Basu Shantanu
Published: August 2020

One of the ideas to explain the existence of supermassive black holes (SMBH) in place by z ∼ 7 is a phase of rapid accretion onto direct collapse black holes (DCBH) that started their lives with masses ∼104–5 

M

⊙

. Considering the DCBH scenario, we show that the SMBH mass function has two characteristic features: 1. a power-law at intermediate masses whose index is the dimensionless ratio α ≡ λ/γ, where λ is the growth rate of the number of DCBH and γ is the growth rate of DCBH masses, both during the DCBH growth era; 2. a break in the power law profile set by β ≡ γ T, where T is the duration of the DCBH growth era. The observed quasar luminosity function can be described with this tapered power-law function.
Elemental Abundances in Supernova Remnant W49B as Clues to Its Progenitor
Authors: Siegel Jared , Dwarkadas Vikram V. , Frank Kari A. , Burrows David N.
Published: August 2020

We apply the Smoothed Particle Inference (SPI) technique to analyze the X-ray emission from SNR W49B. In X-rays, it is visible as a centrally filled supernova remnant, and was recently recognized as one of the first remnants to have plasma that is overionized. Using SPI we infer the density structure and derive the mass of individual elements in the plasma over the entire remnant. We have compared the abundances inferred with SPI to those obtained from a wide range of supernova explosion models, including both Type Ia and core-collapse, as well as energetic and off-center variants. Type Ia models that incorporate some form of detonation are found to be the most compatible, while pure deflagration models, and all core-collapse models, are found to be incompatible.
Multi-gene phylogenetic evidence suggests Dictyoarthrinium belongs in Didymosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes) and Dictyoarthrinium musae sp. nov. on Musa from Thailand
Authors: Samarakoon Binu C. , Wanasinghe Dhanushka N. , Samarakoon Milan C. , Phookamsak Rungtiwa , McKenzie Eric H.C. , Chomnunti Putarak , Hyde Kevin D. , Lumyong Saisamorn , Karunarathna Samantha C.
Published: August 2020

Dead leaves ofMusasp. (banana) were collected in northern Thailand during an investigation of saprobic fungi. Preliminary morphological observations revealed that three specimens belong toDictyoarthrinium. Phylogenetic analyses of combined SSU, LSU, ITS andtef1-α sequence data revealed thatDictyoarthriniumforms a clade in Didymosphaeriaceae (Massarineae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes) sister toSpegazzinia. Based on contrasting morphological features with the extant taxa ofDictyoarthrinium, coupled with the multigene analyses,Dictyoarthrinium musaesp. nov. is introduced herein. Our study provides the first detailed molecular investigation forDictyoarthriniumand supports its placement in Didymosphaeriaceae (Massarineae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes). Previously,Dictyoarthriniumwas classified in Apiosporaceae (Xylariales, Sordariomycetes).
Connaissances artistiques des Français en 2018, approche exploratoire
Authors: Jonchery Anne , Levy-Fayolle Florence , Berthomier Nathalie , Grandval Agathe
Published: August 2020

Menée auprès de 2 300 individus représentatifs de la population française du panel Elipss (Étude longitudinale par internet pour les sciences sociales), l’enquête Pratiques de visites des Français , réalisée à partir d’un quiz administré sur tablette, observe la distribution des connaissances artistiques au sein de la population et interroge le lien entre comportements culturels et familiarité avec le champ artistique relevant des arts visuels. Si les connaissances artistiques progressent avec l’âge, renvoyant à des effets de capitalisation des savoirs et de génération, on observe des différences sexuées chez les plus jeunes, avec une meilleure réussite des femmes. La visibilité dans l’espace public du patrimoine architectural et statuaire forme un socle de références communes, mais certaines références ou domaines artistiques sont différemment appropriés selon les générations. La stratification sociale des résultats au quiz révèle aussi une distribution inégale des connaissances artistiques : le fait de bénéficier de hauts revenus ou d’appartenir aux classes supérieures, et plus encore, d’avoir un niveau de diplôme élevé, favorise une plus large étendue de connaissances dans ce champ. L’exploration des pratiques culturelles des répondants montre que la réussite au quiz est particulièrement liée au développement des sorties patrimoniales, à la lecture de livres et aux usages d’internet sur des thématiques artistiques. Il apparaît enfin, toutes choses égales par ailleurs, que la fréquentation habituelle ou occasionnelle de musées et d’expositions est la plus fortement corrélée à la réussite au quiz, au-delà des caractéristiques sociales et du niveau d’études.
La fabrique de la ville « civilisée » : un manifeste tissé lors des grandes expositions austro-hongroises et françaises (1891-1896)
Authors: Chazal Élisa
Published: August 2020

Le temps de la comparaison entre les nations centre et ouest-européennes reste celui des grandes expositions de la fin du xix e  siècle pour les Tchèques et les Hongrois qui s’emparent de ces événements pour promouvoir leur cause nationale. En s’appropriant les stratégies expositionnaires employées par les experts des capitales occidentales, les nationalistes tchèques et hongrois s’efforcent de convaincre ces mêmes protagonistes de l’accession de Prague et de Budapest au statut de ville « civilisée ». Ces deux métropoles de l’Empire austro-hongrois font ainsi l’objet de campagnes de promotion oscillant entre véracité et surenchère. Or, la circulation de savoirs urbains n’est pas unilatérale puisque les experts français s’engagent à leur tour dans des voyages d’observation dans l’optique d’évaluer les réalisations centre-européennes pour préparer leurs prochaines expositions.
Européistes contre universalistes. Les milieux académiques et la fondation de l’« université européenne »
Authors: Pasquinucci Daniele
Published: August 2020

Le traité instituant la Communauté européenne de l’énergie atomique (Euratom), signé à Rome en mars 1957, prévoyait la création d’un « institut universitaire européen », ayant pour tâche de former l’élite dirigeante des institutions communautaires en train de se mettre en place. Une part importante du monde académique adopta immédiatement une attitude de refus. Il ne s’agissait pas d’une manifestation d’antieuropéisme idéologique, mais plutôt d’une crainte que l’« européisation des études » encouragée par les institutions de la CEE ne mette en péril l’autonomie de la recherche et de l’enseignement universitaires. Les critiques du milieu académique constituèrent l’arrière-plan des longues et complexes négociations qui ne se conclurent qu’en 1976, avec la naissance de l’Institut universitaire européen de Florence.
The regularized Boussinesq equations with partial dissipations in dimension two
Authors: Qiu Hua , Yao Zheng-An
Published: August 2020

The incompressible Boussinesq system plays an important role in modelling geophysical fluids and studying the Raleigh-Bernard convection. We consider the regularized model (also named as Boussinesq-$ \alpha $ model) to the Boussinesq equations. We consider the Cauchy problem of a two-dimensional regularized Boussinesq model with vertical dissipation in the horizontal regularized velocity equation and horizontal dissipation in the vertical regularized velocity equation and prove that this system has a unique global classical solution. Next, we consider a two-dimensional Boussinesq-$ \alpha $ model with only vertical thermal diffusion and establish a Beale-Kato-Majda type regularity condition of smooth solution for this system.
The structure and stability of pullback attractors for 3D Brinkman-Forchheimer equation with delay
Authors: Yang Xin-Guang , Li Lu , Yan Xingjie , Ding Ling
Published: August 2020

This paper concerns the stability of pullback attractors for 3D Brinkman-Forchheimer equation with delays. By some regular estimates and the variable index to deal with the delay term, we get the sufficient conditions for asymptotic stability of trajectories inside the pullback attractors for a fluid flow model in porous medium by generalized Grashof numbers.
A robust adaptive grid method for singularly perturbed Burger-Huxley equations
Authors: Liu Li-Bin , Liang Ying , Zhang Jian , Bao Xiaobing
Published: August 2020

In this paper, an adaptive grid method is proposed to solve one-dimensional unsteady singularly perturbed Burger-Huxley equation with appropriate initial and boundary conditions. Firstly, we use the classical backward-Euler scheme on a uniform mesh to approximate time derivative. The resulting nonlinear singularly perturbed semi-discrete problem is linearized by using Newton-Raphson-Kantorovich approximation method which is quadratically convergent. Then, an upwind finite difference scheme on an adaptive nonuniform grid is used for space derivative. The nonuniform grid is generated by equidistribution of a positive monitor function, which is similar to the arc-length function. It is shown that the presented adaptive grid method is first order uniform convergent in the time and spatial directions, respectively. Finally, numerical results are given to validate the theoretical results.
Convergence and quasi-optimality of $ L^2- $norms based an adaptive finite element method for nonlinear optimal control problems
Authors: Lu Zuliang , Huang Fei , Wu Xiankui , Li Lin , Liu Shang
Published: August 2020

This paper aims at investigating the convergence and quasi- optimality of an adaptive finite element method for control constrained nonlinear elliptic optimal control problems. We derive a posteriori error estimation for both the control, the state and adjoint state variables under controlling by $ L^2 $-norms where bubble function is a wonderful tool to deal with the global lower error bound. Then a contraction is proved before the convergence is proposed. Furthermore, we find that if keeping the grids sufficiently mildly graded, we can prove the optimal convergence and the quasi-optimality for the adaptive finite element method. In addition, some numerical results are presented to verify our theoretical analysis.
Global weak solutions for the two-component Novikov equation
Authors: He Cheng , Qu Changzheng
Published: August 2020

The two-component Novikov equation is an integrable generalization of the Novikov equation, which has the peaked solitons in the sense of distribution as the Novikov and Camassa-Holm equations. In this paper, we prove the existence of the $ H^1 $-weak solution for the two-component Novikov equation by the regular approximation method due to the existence of three conserved densities. The key elements in our approach are some a priori estimates on the approximation solutions.
Lost Pathways of Urban Development
Authors: Harms Erik
Published: August 2020

Photographic images from Ho Chi Minh City’s Thủ Thiêm Peninsula draw attention to now-vanished trees and pathways from a place that has been demolished for the sake of urban expansion. The trees and pathways in these photographs evoke an aspect of sociality often overlooked in the logocentric anthropological and geographical literature on development-induced evictions. Attention to images draws attention to the history of non-human nature and to lost pathways of urban development, which in turn emphasizes their uses and the practices which maintained them, revealing the interconnection between human sociality and the non-human world. Unlike the "tragedy of the commons," which describes common resources extinguished or depleted by unregulated use, these elements appear as a collective resource, produced and cared for by their users. Reflecting on photographic images taken before and during a period of mass eviction inspires a rethinking of the idea of the commons, crafted through a cultural approach that attends to the material landscape, the role of the non-human in social relationships, and the social production of landscapes.
Autoantibody Responses to Apolipoprotein A-I Are Not Diet- or Sex-Linked in C57BL/6 Mice
Authors: Pitts Michelle G , Nardo David , Isom Cierra M , Venditto Vincent J
Published: August 2020

Atherosclerosis is responsible for a large percentage of all-cause mortality worldwide, but it is only now beginning to be understood as a complex disease process involving metabolic insult, chronic inflammation, and multiple immune mechanisms. Abs targeting apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) have been found in patients with cardiovascular disease, autoimmune conditions, as well as those with no documented history of either. However, relatively little is known about how these Abs are generated and their relationship to diet and sex. In the current study, we modeled this aspect of autoimmunity using anti–ApoA-I immunization of male and female C57BL/6 mice. Unexpectedly, we found that autoantibodies directed against a single, previously unknown, epitope within the ApoA-I protein developed irrespective of immunization status or dyslipidemia in mice. When total IgG subclasses were analyzed over the course of time, we observed that rather than driving an increase in inflammatory IgG subclasses, consumption of Western diet suppressed age-dependent increases in IgG2b and IgG2c in male mice only. The lack of change observed in female mice suggested that diet and sex might play a combined role in Th1/Th2 balance and, ultimately, in immunity to pathogen challenge. This report demonstrates the need for inclusion of both sexes in studies pertaining to diet and aging and suggests that further study of immunogenic epitopes present in ApoA-I is warranted.
Ascorbic Acid Promotes KIR Demethylation during Early NK Cell Differentiation
Authors: Wu Cheng-Ying , Zhang Bin , Kim Hansol , Anderson Stephen K. , Miller Jeffrey S. , Cichocki Frank
Published: August 2020

Variegated expression of killer Ig-like receptors (KIR) in human NK cells is a stochastic process exclusive to subsets of mature NK cells and CD8+ T cells. Allele-specific KIR expression is maintained by DNA methylation within the proximal promoter regions. Because KIR genes are densely methylated in NK cell progenitors, there is an implied stage of human NK cell development in which DNA demethylation takes place to allow for active transcription. When and how this process occurs is unknown. In this study, we show that KIR proximal promoters are densely methylated in less mature CD56bright NK cells and are progressively demethylated in CD56dim NK cells as they mature and acquire KIR. We hypothesized that ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes, which oxidize 5mC on DNA could mediate KIR promoter demethylation. The catalytic efficiency of TET enzymes is known to be enhanced by ascorbic acid. We found that the addition of ascorbic acid to ex vivo culture of sorted CD56bright NK cells increased the frequency of KIR expression in a dose-dependent manner and facilitated demethylation of proximal promoters. A marked enrichment of the transcription factor Runx3 as well as TET2 and TET3 was observed within proximal KIR promoters in CD56bright NK cells cultured with ascorbic acid. Additionally, overexpression of TET3 and Runx3 promoted KIR expression in CD56bright NK cells and NK-92 cells. Our results show that KIR promoter demethylation can be induced in CD56bright, and this process is facilitated by ascorbic acid.
Complement Activation and Thrombin Generation by MBL Bound to β2-Glycoprotein I
Authors: Durigutto Paolo , Macor Paolo , Pozzi Nicola , Agostinis Chiara , Bossi Fleur , Meroni Pier Luigi , Grossi Claudia , Borghi Maria O. , Planer William , Garred Peter , Tedesco Francesco
Published: August 2020

β2-Glycoprotein I (β2-GPI) is an abundant plasma glycoprotein with unknown physiological function and is currently recognized as the main target of antiphospholipid Abs responsible for complement activation and vascular thrombosis in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). In this study, we provide evidence that mannose-binding lectin (MBL) binds to β2-GPI in Ca++ and a dose-dependent manner and that this interaction activates complement and promotes complement-dependent thrombin generation. Surprisingly, a significant binding was observed between MBL and isolated domains II and IV of β2-GPI, whereas the carbohydrate chains, domain I and domain V, were not involved in the interaction, documenting a noncanonical binding mode between MBL and β2-GPI. Importantly, this interaction may occur on endothelial cells because binding of MBL to β2-GPI was detected on the surface of HUVECs, and colocalization of MBL with β2-GPI was observed on the endothelium of a biopsy specimen of a femoral artery from an APS patient. Because β2-GPI–mediated MBL-dependent thrombin generation was increased after priming the endothelium with TNF-α, our data suggests that this mechanism could play an important yet unrecognized role under physiological conditions and may be upregulated in pathological situations. Moreover, the complement activation and the procoagulant effects of the β2-GPI/MBL complex may contribute to amplify similar activities of anti–β2-GPI Abs in APS and possibly act independently of Abs, raising the issue of developing appropriate therapies to avoid recurrences and disability in patients at risk for these clinical conditions.
DE ARELY MEDINA: ISLAM LATINO. IDENTIDADES ÉTNICO-RELIGIOSAS. UN ESTUDIO DE CASO SOBRE LOS MEXICANOS MUSULMANES EN ESTADOS UNIDOS
Authors: Gutiérrez Zuñiga Cristina
Published: August 2020

Medina, A. (2018). Islam Latino. Identidades étnico-religiosas. Un estudio de caso sobre los mexicanos musulmanes en Estados Unidos. Zapopan, México: El Colegio de Jalisco, El Colegio de la Frontera Norte y RIFREM. 400 pp.
DE LUIS BAHAMONDES, NELSON MARÍN, LUIS ARÁNGUIZ Y FLORENCIA DIESTRE: RELIGIÓN Y JUVENTUD: PROCESOS DE TRANSMISIÓN DE LA FE EN EL CHILE ACTUAL
Authors: Manríquez Miranda Dominique
Published: August 2020

Bahamondes, L., Marín, N., Aránguiz, L., & Diestre, F. (2020). Religión y juventud: Procesos de transmisión de la fe en el Chile actual. Santiago: Centro de Investigaciones Socioculturales. Universidad Alberto Hurtado. Santiago, Chile. 200 pp.
Topical agents: a thoughtful choice for multimodal analgesia
Authors: Choi Eunjoo , Nahm Francis Sahngun , Han Woong Ki , Lee Pyung-Bok , Jo Jihun
Published: August 2020

For over a thousand years, various substances have been applied to the skin to treat pain. Some of these substances have active ingredients that we still use today. However, some have been discontinued due to their harmful effect, while others have been long forgotten. Recent concerns regarding the cardiovascular and renal risk from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and issues with opioids, have resulted in increasing demand and attention to non-systemic topical alternatives. There is increasing evidence of the efficacy and safety of topical agents in pain control. Topical analgesics are great alternatives for pain management and are an essential part of multimodal analgesia. This review aims to describe essential aspects of topical drugs that physicians should consider in their practice as part of multimodal analgesia. This review describes the mechanism of popular topical analgesics and also introduces the most recently released and experimental topical medications.
Production and management of goat rearing in rural areas of Ezinihitte Mbaise, Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: Nwachukwu C.U. , Berekwu N.
Published: August 2020

This study assessed production and management practices of indigenous goat rearing in the rural communities of Ezinihitte Mbaise, Imo State. Data were collected from 150 goat farmers in Ezinihitte Mbaise with the use of structured questionnaire in 2014 for data collection. The  questionnaire was on the socio-economic characteristics of goat farmers, factors influencing and constraints on production and management of goat rearing. The mean age of goat farmers was 51 years and 86 percent were males. The farmers’ level of education was primary education (60%), secondary education (22%), and tertiary education (18%). Majority (52%) of the household size were 4-7 persons with mean household size of 4 persons. Farming experience was mostly short (62%) having only 1-5 years. The result showed that coefficient of age, farm size, educational level, household size and years of experiences were the factors that influenced goat production and management in the study area. Farm size, family labour and capital were shown to be crucially important for goat production and management. The farmers had an over-utilized resource in goat production and a decrease in resources increased proportional output. Most of the farmers practisedextensivesystem of production as the most commonly used system by goat farmers. Poor veterinary services, inadequate skilled labour, poor housing facilities, poor road network, market  problems, high disease and pest incidence, high cost of animal drugs, and feeds are the constraints faced by goat farmers. The study recommends strong efforts to educate and retain the experienced goat farmers to ensure increase output and productivity.

Key words: goat rearing, production, management, constraints
Evaluation of Perception, Attitude, and Impact of Club-house Noise Pollution on Mental Health of Individuals Living within Proximity of Club-houses in Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Omogbiya A.I. , Moke E.G. , Ojieh A.E. , Enaohwo M.T. , Umukoro E.K. , Anachuna K.K. , Omilo C.U.
Published: August 2020

Noise pollution is becoming a major public health concern with all of its potential biological, social, physiological and psychological effects on the body. This study evaluated the perception, attitude, and impact of noise pollution from club houses on the mental health of individuals living within proximity of club houses in Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional descriptive study design was conducted among 400 randomly selected respondents who resided within proximity to nine different club houses. A well-structured questionnaire was used to collect data for the study and the data was presented as percentage using descriptive statistics. The respondents of this study (400) had a mean age of 25.06 (± 0.62), most were students (78%) and majority were single (84.5%). Most respondents (50.75%) reported that noise generated from these club houses were in forms of party noise (50.75%) and loud music (49.5%) occurring mostly at night. A larger proportion (84%) of the respondents reported inability to cope with the noise, and 91.75% reported that their sleep was affected by noise. The noise resulted in depression in fewer respondents (33.5%), although most respondents experienced nervousness (59.25%), headache (87.75%), fear (71.5%), and were stressed (75.25%) as a result of the noise. Sleep  disorders, anxiety and depressive symptoms were more prevalent in people living in the vicinity of high noise generation than people who reside further away.

Keywords: Mental health, depression, aggressiveness, club house noise, proximity.
Extraction and Estimation of Pectins from Unripe, Ripe and Overripe Banana (Musa Acuminata L.) and Plantain (Musa Paradisiaca L.) Peels and their Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Oyawaluja A.A. , Oiseoghaede J.O. , Odukoya O.A. , Aluko T.E.
Published: August 2020

Background: Pectin has several unique properties that enabled it to be use as a matrix for entrapment and/or delivery of a variety of drugs, proteins and cells. They are used in pharmaceutical as carriers in drug delivery, and in the treatment of various disease conditions.Objectives: This study aimed at determining percentage yield of pectin, extracted from unripe, ripe, and overripe Banana (Musa acuminata L. Musaceae) and Plantain (Musa paradisiaca L. Musaceae) peels and to evaluate their antioxidant activities.Materials and Method: Pectins were extracted from the stated samples using conventional extraction method involving alcohol precipitation, and the percentage yields were calculated. The DPPH antiradical activity and reducing capacity was assayed, using Ascorbic acid as standard.Results: The percentage yield of pectin were obtained as 3.04±0.97%, 5.84±0.49%, 3.70±0.68% for banana and 4.65±0.70%, 6.61±0.21%, 6.91±0.86% for plantain corresponding to unripe, ripe, and overripe respectively. The extracted pectin of all the samples were observed to be statistically inferior to when compared to the standard used Ascorbic acid at all concentrations of samples prepared for both DPPH antiradical activity assay and Reducing capacity assay (p ≤ 0.005), at 95% confidence interval.Conclusion: The yield of banana peel pectin have an initial increase with ripening followed by a decrease in yield, while plantain peel pectin can be said to increase from its unripe stage through to its overripe stage; with plantain pectin yield greater than banana across all stages. All data showed statistical inferiority to Ascorbic acid in reducing capacity and against DPPH.

Keywords: Pectin, Banana, Plantain, DPPH, Ripening, Antioxidant