bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
حكم المقاطعة الاقتصادية والسياسية للدول التي تسيء للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في الشريعة الإسلامية ومقررات القانون الدولي
Authors: النهاري محمد أحمد أمين قاسم
Published: November 2023

إن هذا البحث يتناول وجوب الانتصار للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم والدفاع عنه ممن يتعرض لمقامه الشريف، أو يستهزئ به أو يسبه أو يرسم رسماً أو يكتب مقالاً ينتقص فيه من مقام رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم.ويتوجه هذا البحث لبيان بعض مظاهر الانتصار للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم والدفاع عنه، وذلك من خلال بيان حكم سلوك المقاطعة الاقتصادية للدول والكيانات والجهات التي تقترف هذه الجريمة، وببيان أهمية هذه المقاطعة وسوابقها التاريخية، وأقوال العلماء فيها، متناولا هذه الأقوال وأدلتها مع مناقشة هذه الأقوال لمعرفة الراجح منها، وتقرير أن المقاطعة الاقتصادية للمستهزئ بالرسول عليه الصلاة والسلام أمر واجب تسنده النصوص الشرعية، وتؤكده المصلحة والواقع والسوابق البشرية، ولا يتوقف القول بشرعية تلك المقاطعة على إذن ولي الأمر، كما أن تلك المقاطعة تسوِّغها القوانين الدولية. ويبين البحث أن الأصل في إقامة العلاقات بين الدولة الإسلامية وبين غيرها أن ينظر فيها إلى مصلحة المسلمين، وسيتناول البحث حكم لمقاطعة الدبلوماسية وقطع التمثيل الدبلوماسي القائم بين الدول الإسلامية وبين الدول التي تسيء إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، ووجوب إظهار حالة الاستنكار على أعلى المستويات والرفض لسلوك تلك الدول تجاه عقائد أهل الإسلام ومقدساتهم.
الاستشفاع بالنبي صلى الله وعليه وسلم بعد موته
Authors: بامؤمن عبد الله مؤمن محمد
Published: November 2023

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى بيان حقيقة مسألة االستشفاع بالنبي – صلى الله عليه وسلم – بعد موته، ومدى مشروعيتها، وما يترتب على ذلك من اتفاق أو اختالف، لذا؛ مست الحاجة لهذه الدراسة لبيان التصوير الحقيقي لها. فكانت هذه الدراسة. وقد اعتمدت هذه الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي االستقرائي التحليلي للوصول إلى ما تهدف إليه الدراسة. وقد جاءت هذه الدراسة في تمهيد لبيان مصطلحات البحث، وخمسة مباحث فيها اإلجابة عن التساؤالت عن حياة األنبياء في قبورهم، وسماعهم لكالم األحياء، وعلى ما أقدرهم الله – تعالى – عليه، وموقف شيخ اإلسالم ابن تيمية – رحمه الله - من ذلك.وقد خلصت الدراسة إلى القول بجواز االستشفاع بالنبي – صلى الله عليه وسلم - بعد موته، وهو الذي عليه أئمة الاسلام خلافا لقول شيخ الاسلام  ابن تيمية –رحمه الله .-وانتهت الدراسة إلى خاتمة دُكرت فيها أهم النتائج والتوصيات.َ
السياحة من منظور السنة النبوية
Authors: القواسمي مالك سيف الدين
Published: November 2023

تماشياً مع التوجهات العالمية بشكل عام، وتوجهات المملكة العربية السعودية بشكل خاص نحو تشجيع السياحة وتسويقها بشكل منظم ومؤطر، جاءت فكرة هذا البحث ليسلّط الضوء على هذا الموضوع من منظور السنّة النبوية. ولقد تم تناول الموضوع ضمن أربعة مباحث؛ تناول الأول منها التعريف بمصطلحات البحث ومشروعية السياحة في الكتاب والسنة، ثم تكلم المبحث الثاني عن أنواع السياحة، أما المبحث الثالث فقد جاء الحديث فيه عن آداب السياحة في السنّة وضوابطها، وفي المبحث الرابع فقد تم من خلاله عرض آثار السياحة.وفي الخاتمة تم عرض نتائج البحث، ومنها وجود تنوع في أهداف السياحة، ويتم الحكم على كل منها وفق الضوابط الشرعية. ثم جاءت توصيات البحث التي ركزت على أهمية تشجيع السياحة وفق الضوابط الشرعية.
Description of The Risk Level of Heart Disease to The Ratio of LDL/HDL Patients at Rsud Dr. Adjidarmo
Authors:   Poltekkes Kemenkes Banten, Patricia Venny ,   Hypertension Prevention and Control Research Center The Polytechnic of Health of Banten, Kurniati Nining , Trisna Citra ,   Poltekkes Kemenkes Banten, Munawar Nana ,   RSUD Dr. Adjidarmo
Published: November 2023

The increased risk of stroke is associated with high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and a high ratio of LDL and HDL cholesterol, and will be amplified if other stroke risk factors are present. The purpose of this study was to determine the ratio of LDL and HDL cholesterol in patients at RSUD Dr. Adjidarmo. The research design is descriptive research. With a total population of 150 people, a sample of 20% of the population, namely 30 people, was taken. The data collection technique in this study was primary data, namely through the medical records of heart patients who had received outpatient care at the Cardiac and Vascular Polyclinic at RSUD Dr. Adjidarmo Rangkasbitung. The data analysis technique was performed by entering data into tables and calculating the ratio between LDL and HDL for the group of patients at risk of heart disease based on the ratio obtained. The results of the study of the 30 respondents who were examined gave an overview of the results of the examination, with low risk LDL/HDL ratio values (low risk) of 21 people (70%); the average risk LDL/HDL ratio was 5 people (16.67%); the moderate risk LDL/HDL ratio was 1 person (3.3%); and the high risk LDL/HDL ratio was 3 people (10%). Patients who have a risk of developing coronary heart disease are 16 men (53.3%) and 14 women (46.7%). The average age of patients with coronary heart disease is over 50 in men and over 39 in women.
PERBANDINGAN BATUBARA DAN CaSO4 SEBAGAI REDUKTOR DALAM PROSES REDUKSI BIJIH NIKEL LATERIT
Authors: Tyassena Flaviana Yohanala Prista , Agus Tri Gustiany , Nur Muhammad Aslam , Prameswara Gyan , Amin Idi
Published: November 2023

Berdasarkan data ESDM pada Tahun 2020 Indonesia memiliki 52% cadangan nikel yang ada di dunia. Cadangan nikel di Indonesia ini sebagian besar (90%) tersebar di Sulawesi Tengah, Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi Tenggara, dan Maluku. Pirometalurgi konvensional merupakan metode pengkayaan mineral yang sering digunakan namun memiliki kelemahan dimana dibutuhkan energi yang besar dan berakibat pada biaya yang besar. Oleh karena itu saat ini banyak dilakukan penelitian untuk mengembangkan proses pirometalurgi suhu rendah dengan memanfaatkan reduktor. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk membandingkan dua jenis reduktor, yaitu batubara dan CaSO4 serta melihat peranannya dalam proses reduksi selektif. Dua jenis reduktor, yaitu batu bara dan CaSO4, masing-maing dicampur dengan ore nikel dengan perbandingan berat 1:4 dan 1:10. Proses reduksi selektif dilakukan dengan kalsinasi menggunakan furnace pada variasi suhu 800oC, 900oC, dan 1000oC selama 120 menit. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa reduktor CaSO4 pada suhu 1000oC menghasilkan % recovery yang lebih tinggi mencapai 36% dibandingkan dengan batubara yang hanya mencapai 17%. Kandungan Sulfur pada CaSO4 akan berikatan dengan besi membentuk FeS dan kalsium akan berikatan dengan silikat. Proses pemisahan secara magnetik lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk memisahkan pengotor-pengotor non-magnetik yang terbentuk, yaitu FeS dan CaSi2O5 sehingga akan didapatkan % recovery nikel yang lebih tinggi. Sedangkan hasil yang tidak optimal pada batubara disebabkan karena rendahanya kandungan karbon, serta tingginya kandungan zat pengotor dan air.
OPTIMASI PENAMBAHAN SUSU KAPUR PADA NIRA MENTAH TERHADAP PH DAN VOLUME ENDAPAN CA3(PO4)2 DI PTPN XIV UNIT PABRIK GULA TAKALAR
Authors: Sariwahyuni  , Amin Idi , Kurniawan
Published: November 2023

Pada industri pabrik gula, nira tebu digunakan sebagai bahan baku produksi awal yang berbentuk cairan berwarna hijau kecokelatan dan bersifat asam. Pada nira tebu terkandung sukrosa dan bahan lain seperti gula pereduksi (glukosa dan fruktosa), serat, zat lain. Sementara sifat asam yang ada pada nira berasal dari reaksi fermentasi bakteri Leuconostic. Reaksi yang terjadi yaitu inversi sukrosa ketika enzim invertase yang diproduksi oleh tanaman mencemari nira. Hal ini diikuti dengan penurunan pH akibat peningkatan keasaman. Apabila nira dalam kondisi asam, mikroorganisme akan berkembang biak dengan baik. Pertumbuhan mikroorganisme pada nira akan merusak nira sehingga nira akan sulit mengkristal. Cara untuk menghilangkan keasaman dalam larutan dengan menambahkan larutan alkali yaitu susu kapur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui optimasi penambahan susu kapur pada nira mentah terhadap pH dan volume endapan di PTPN XIV Unit Pabrik Gula Takalar. Variasi  susu kapur yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah 0,4 mL; 0,5 mL; 0,6 mL; 0,8 mL dan 1,2 mL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai optimum pH dan volume endapan tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan penambahan susu kapur sebanyak 1,2 mL dengan  pH 8,5 dan volume endapan 24 mL. Nilai pH dan volume endapan tersebut telah sesuai dengan standar pemurnian nira di PTPN XIV Unit Pabrik Gula Takalar.
STUDI UKURAN FRAKSI PARTIKEL TERHADAP KADAR NIKEL DAN KANDUNGAN AIR PADA BIJIH NIKEL LATERIT
Authors: Bakri Suriyanto , Ardana Muhammad Fabio , Juradi Muhammad Idris , Nurhawaisyah Sitti Ratmi , Mundiana Arifin
Published: November 2023

PT Vale Indonesia Tbk. melakukan penambangan dan pengolahan bijih nikel laterit di daerah Sorowako Sulawesi Selatan. Bijih nikel laterit yang ditambang dan diolah lebih lanjut umumnya bijih nikel pada zona saprolit yang memiliki kadar Ni yang memenuhi Cut Off Grade (COG) tertentu. Ukuran fraksi partikel pada zona saprolit cukup beragam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan kadar Ni dan H2O pada bijih nikel berdasarkan ukuran fraksi partikel zona saprolit pada blok barat area pertambangan PT Vale Indonesia Tbk. Secara umum metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode sampling. Pengambilan sampel pada dryer kiln product (DKP), kemudian sampel dibawa ke laboratorium untuk dipreparasi dan dianalisis kadarnya dengan menggunakan alat x-ray fluorescence (XRF) dan data-data yang dihasilkan dianalisis sehingga didapatkan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran fraksi partikel sangat mempengaruhi kandungan Ni dan H2O pada bijih nikel laterit zona saprolit. Ukuran fraksi partikel berbanding lurus dengan kadar Ni yang diperoleh, semakin kecil ukuran fraksi partikel maka semakin besar kadar Ni yang diperoleh. Semakin kecil ukuran fraksi partikel maka semakin besar kandungan H2O yang diperoleh.
PERBANDINGAN YIELD EKSTRAKSI PIPERIN PIPER NIGRUM L. DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN EKSTRAKSI KONVENSIONAL DAN MICROWAVE
Authors: Silmi Fadian Farisan , Variyana Yeni , Shintawati
Published: November 2023

Piperin merupakan zat aktif yang terdapat dalam buah lada hitam (Piper nigrum L.). Zat aktif tersebut banyak digunakan di industri makanan dan farmasi. Pengambilan piperin biasanya menggunakan proses ekstraksi dari oleoresin ekstrak. Pada penelitian, material menggunakan media pemanas yaitu microwave dan heater. Parameter ekstraksi yang ditentukan adalah massa bahan baku sebanyak 50 gr, feed to solvent (F/S) adalah 1:4 dan 1;6, serta volume KOH sebanyak 50 mL untuk mengikat kristal piperin dalam ekstrak. Hasil penelitian pada rasio F/S 1:4 dan 1:6 secara berturut-turut didapatkan yield ekstraksi piperin dari lada (Piper nigrum L.) menggunakan microwave 2,56 dan 2,91 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan konvensional (heater). Sedangkan meningkatnya jumlah volume etanol yang digunakan pada ekstraksi piperin dapat menurunkan perolehan yield sebanyak 11,27% dan 21,54% untuk setiap 100 mL etanol. Titik leleh kristal piperin terjadi pada suhu 120 oC dengan titik leleh sempurna kristal piperin terjadi pada suhu 150 oC.
ELUSI LOGAM TEMBAGA DAN KROM ABU LAYANG PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA UAP
Authors: Juwitasari Dhian
Published: November 2023

Penelitian elusi logam berat tembaga dan krom dari sampel abu layang pembangkit listrik tenaga uap (PLTU) Cirebon. Variabel dalam penelitian elusi logam tembaga dan krom dari abu layang PLTU adalah jenis eluen, konsentrasi eluen, pH eluen, dan elusi berkelanjutan. Kadar logam tembaga dan krom diukur  menggunakan metode spektroskopi serapan atom (SSA). Sampel yang dielusi yang lolos ayakan ukuran 200 mesh. Kadar air dihilangkan dengan cara sampel abu layang di oven pada 105 oC selama 24 jam. Penelitian ini menggunakan paralon dalam pembuatan kolom. Proses elusi dilakukan dengan memasukkan abu layang di dalam kolom kemudian mengalirkan eluen ke dalam kolom. Eluen yang digunakan HCl, HNO3, dan H2SO4. Variasi konsentrasi eluen HNO3 dan HCl dari 0,5 M sampai 2 M sedangkan untuk H2SO4 0,1 M sampai 1,5 M. Variasi pH eluen dari 1 sampai 14. Elusi berkelanjutan menggunakan eluen HNO3 1,75 M untuk Cu dan HNO3 1,5 M untuk Cr. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa HNO3 eluen yang baik untuk mengelusi logam berat Cu dan Cr. Konsentrasi eluen yang paling baik adalah eluen HNO3 1,75 M untuk mengelusi logam berat Cu dari abu layang PLTU dengan konsentrasi 0,56 ppm sedangkan untuk logam berat Cr adalah eluen HNO3 1,5 M dengan konsentrasi 2,03 ppm. Logam Cr yang dapat terelusi secara berkelanjutan dengan eluen HNO3 1,5 M adalah 8,70% dan logam Cu dengan eluen HNO3 1,75 M adalah 9,16 %.
TEKNOLOGI EKSTRAKSI MINYAK BAWANG BOMBAI (ALLIUM CEPA L.) MENGGGUNAKAN METODE MICROWAVE HYDRO-DIFFUSION GRAVITY (MHG) DAN SOXHLET
Authors: Variyana Yeni , Afifah Dian Ayu , Setyorini Dwi , Syafaatullah Achmad Qodim
Published: November 2023

Umumnya, bawang bombai (Allium cepa L.) diekstraksi sebagai bahan penyedap masakan dan obat-obatan. Akan tetapi, proses ekstraksi masih terbatas pada yield yang dihasilkan dengan metode tradisional. Pada penelitian ini digunakan metode ekstraksi microwave hydro-diffusion and gravity (MHG) untuk mengevaluasi bagaimana mempengaruhi yield minyak yang dihasilkan dari bawang bombai. Selain itu, adanya metode sokletasi sebagai teknik ekstraksi konvensional sebagai pembanding terhadap kinerja dan kuantitas ekstrak. Selanjutnya, metode ekstraksi MHG tidak memerlukan penggunaan pelarut, melainkan menggunakan air yang terdapat di dalam material sebagai pelarut internal. Dalam penelitian ini, bawang bombai diperlakukan dengan dua (2) cara yaitu dengan penjemuran sinar matahari (sun dying) selama 1 hari dan tanpa pretreatment. Parameter ekstraksi dengan MHG digunakan daya microwave sebesar 600 W, waktu ekstraksi 75 menit, dan ukuran material 1 cm.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan yield lebih tinggi diperoleh dari bahan melalui sun drying sebesar 2,78% dibandingkan dengan bahan yang tidak di pretreatment yaitu 1,76%. Hasil recovery minyak yang dihasilkan dari metode soxhlet sebesar 4,98% selama 5 jam. Oleh karena itu, metode MHG dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu metode ekstraksi yang ramah lingkungan, waktu ekstraksi lebih cepat, dan konsumsi energi yang lebih sedikit sehingga dapat diterapkan pada skala yang lebih besar.
Particularidades probatorias del discurso de odio en Internet: identificación de factores de polarización radical mediante sistemas algorítmicos
Authors: Bueno de Mata Federico
Published: November 2023

En el presente artículo se aborda la naturaleza jurídica de los factores de polarización radical de los delitos de odio como prueba en un proceso penal y como los sistemas algorítmicos pueden detectar su existencia a través de la monitorización y el análisis del discurso de odio en línea, conjugando su uso con técnicas OSINT y con una futurible prueba de inteligencia policial. Así, se parte del encuadramiento de los factores de polarización como prueba indiciaria en el proceso, para posteriormente identificar qué parámetros concretos se deberían tener en cuenta en estos casos para probar el discurso de odio en línea. Finalmente se analizan los algoritmos impulsados a nivel policial en España, planteando sus virtudes y limitaciones legales y planteando la necesidad de analizar cómo encajan estos algoritmos con la legislación, especialmente en relación con la prohibición de sistemas de policía predictiva y reincidencia criminal.
Algoritmos predictivos y perspectiva de género en el proceso penal
Authors: Montesinos García Ana
Published: November 2023

La introducción en el proceso judicial de herramientas algorítmicas de evaluación del riesgo para auxiliar al juez debe necesariamente venir precedida de un análisis exhaustivo con perspectiva de género acerca de su impacto sobre los derechos fundamentales de las partes que pueden verse seriamente afectados, principalmente el de igualdad. Se reflexiona en este trabajo acerca de la posible incorporación de herramientas predictivas en diferentes etapas de un proceso penal para pasar a continuación a examinar el problema de los sesgos de género que pueden contener estas y sus consecuencias en el marco de un proceso.
Justicia, inteligencia artificial y derecho de defensa
Authors: de Luis García Elena
Published: November 2023

La inteligencia artificial es una realidad de la que el derecho procesal no puede escapar. Son indudables las ventajas que presentan en términos de coste y tiempo para la Administración de Justicia, e incluso en determinadas ocasiones pueden contribuir a alcanzar un resultado más objetivo. Sin embargo, tan visibles son sus beneficios como los potenciales riesgos que entrañan para los derechos y las garantías fundamentales del proceso. Características como la opacidad o la falibilidad pueden afectar irremediablemente al derecho de defensa y la contradicción. Ante esta situación, debemos plantearnos qué futuro queremos, es decir, si la justicia algorítmica es imparable, cómo queremos que se configure en el proceso. Esto solo podrá hacerse a través del establecimiento de un marco legal que identifique los riesgos existentes y recoja medidas para paliarlos. Todo ello con el objetivo de conjugar eficiencia y eficacia, de modo que podamos gozar de las ventajas que nos ofrecen estas nuevas herramientas, pero sin que ello conlleve una merma en los derechos fundamentales y garantías del proceso, pues estos son y deben ser un límite irrebasable en la utilización de sistemas de inteligencia artificial en el proceso.
Attitudes and perceptions regarding algorithmic judicial judgement: barriers to innovation in the judicial system?
Authors: Pérez Domínguez Sandra , Simón Castellanos Pere
Published: November 2023

This study aims to be a starting point in the process of studying attitudes and perceptions around the use of algorithmic tools in the judicial system and explores possible barriers to innovation. The results reveal significant differences in acceptance between the general population, experts in data analytics and artificial intelligence (AI) and legal professionals, with notable variations in the acceptance of algorithmic tools for judicial analysis. In addition, participants with a legal background showed a negative correlation with acceptance, indicating a more cautious stance towards the integration of such tools in the criminal justice domain. This suggests a cautious and reserved attitude among legal professionals towards the integration of algorithmic tools in the justice system, potentially rooted in concerns regarding objectivity, fairness and the preservation of legal principles in judicial processes. Furthermore, the study reveals that the acceptance of algorithmic tools is influenced by the complexity of the tasks involved in the automation of the criminal justice system. This underlines the importance of considering the level of automation and the degree of human intervention in the use of these tools. In short, this study highlights the importance of having the choice of society and more specifically of legal operators to encourage the adoption and effective implementation of algorithmic tools in the judicial sphere.
Research Literacy in Education and the Implementation of Evidence-Based Practices in Schools
Authors: Ogden Terje
Published: November 2023

Increased focus on and interest in Evidence-Based Practices (EBP) in schools justify a stronger focus on research literacy and implementation knowledge. This article presents two complementary perspectives on the transfer of educational research to practice. The “research literacy approach” focuses on the general competence and capacity of teachers to critically assess research before it is put into practice. The “school-wide implementation approach” has a broader perspective including organizational factors and the context of teaching. A review group which examined relevant research literature on implementation in schools identified six core components that advanced EBP. An example of a school-wide implementation in Norway is presented, which illustrates how a school-wide model was put into practice based on guidelines produced by experts in the field. In conclusion, both the “research literacy” and the “whole-school” approach can advantageously strengthen their emphasis on implementation knowledge in order to promote EBP in schools.
The effect of big data technologies usage on social competence
Authors: Elfeky Abdellah Ibrahim Mohammed , Hassan Najmi Ali , Yasien Helmy Elbyaly Marwa
Published: November 2023

The learning management system is a digital environment that enables the tracking of learner activities, allowing special forms of data from the academic context to be explored and used to enhance the learning process. This study aims to identify the effect of using big data technology in digital environments on the development of electronic social competence among optimal investment diploma students. An experimental method was used to explore the effect of big data technologies usage on social competence. The sample for this study consisted of (120) students in the Department of Curriculum and Teaching Methods, divided into two equal groups through random selection. The first group studied the course through a digital environment with the use of big data technology, while the second group studied the course through the digital environment without using big data technology. The electronic social competence scale was further utilized as a tool to meet the study’s goal. The experimental findings showed that big data technologies in the used digital environment significantly improved the electronic social competence of Optimal Investment Diploma students (personal skills, self-management skills, and academic skills). The results provide significant proof of the advantages of big data technology in social competence studies and development.
Acuerdos que conducen a una condena en el proceso penal alemán (verständigungen): estudio dogmático y crítico
Authors: Oliver Calderón Guillermo
Published: November 2023

En este trabajo, tras una breve explicación acerca del origen de los acuerdos que en el proceso penal alemán pueden adoptar el juez, el fiscal y el imputado para la pronta finalización del procedimiento con una condena que rebaja la pena que se podría imponer (“Verständigungen”), se efectúa un análisis detallado de dichos acuerdos, examinando su ámbito de aplicación, sus requisitos de procedencia, su contenido, la tramitación de su adopción y sus efectos. A continuación, se exponen las principales críticas que contra estos acuerdos ha planteado la doctrina alemana, distinguiendo entre peligros para el imputado, para la víctima y para la sociedad. El trabajo finaliza con unas breves conclusiones.
La práctica teatral en contextos penitenciarios : aproximación etnográfica al estudio de un taller de teatro carcelario realizado en el sector módulos de la ex Penitenciaria de Santiago de Chile
Authors:   , Sarkis González Paulina Alejandra
Published: November 2023

En la actualidad, las prácticas artísticas que se llevan a cabo al interior de los recintos penitenciarios de Chile se enmarcan dentro del Programa Arte Educador, el cual, impulsado y desarrollado por el Departamento de Reinserción Social de Gendarmería de Chile (GENCHI), se posiciona como el primer intento de políticas públicas de educación artística volcadas al servicio del sistema penitenciario. Tras el supuesto de que las artes constituyen una praxis cultural educadora de ciertas habilidades sociales relevantes para la reinserción comunitaria de los internos e internas que habitan las cárceles nacionales, GENCHI ofrece a la población penal una oferta programática de talleres artísticos que son desarrollados en las cárceles más grandes del país. Sin embargo, hasta aquí esta educación a través de las artes que se lleva a cabo actualmente mediante la realización de diversos talleres resulta invisible. Con el objetivo de conocer el significado que adquiere la práctica teatral en los internos que participan en el taller de teatro del sector módulos de la ex Penitenciaría, la siguiente investigación se propone analizar, desde una perspectiva etnográfica, en qué medida la práctica teatral se vuelve eficaz para colaborar tanto en la generación de un espacio de experiencia de la propia dignidad personal como en el desarrollo correlativo de una riqueza creativa y comunicativa en los internos de la ex Penitenciaría, capaz de abrir un camino hacia relaciones de confianza y de reciprocidad incluso al interior de los recintos carcelarios. Se trata de fundamentar el modo en que el teatro logra configurarse como una práctica social valorada al interior de las cárceles, que impacta profundamente la rutina cotidiana de los internos que de ella participan.
Transcriptional control of glutaredoxin GRXC9 by stress in Arabidopsis
Authors:   , Herrera Vásquez Ariel Esteban
Published: November 2023

El Ácido Salicílico (SA) es una hormona que media la reprogramación transcripcional en el contexto de la respuesta de defensa a estrés en plantas. El gen GRXC9, que codifica para una glutarredoxina de Arabidopsis, es un gen inducido de forma temprana e independientemente del coactivador maestro NPR1. En esta tesis describimos el mecanismo de regulación transcripcional del gen modelo GRXC9 por SA. Inicialmente establecimos que la expresión de GRXC9 es inducida por exposición a luz UV-B a través en un mecanismo dependiente de SA e independiente de NPR1 validando su activación en una condición fisiológica. Análisis del promotor de GRXC9 indican que SA controla la transcripción del gen a través de dos elementos tipo-as-1 ubicados en la región proximal al inicio de la transcripción. Los factores de transcripción TGA2 y TGA3, están constitutivamente unidos al la región promotora de GRXC9. Concordantemente, el reclutamiento transitorio de la RNA polimerasa II al promotor de GRXC9 y la acumulación del transcrito detectados en plantas silvestres tratadas con SA, se pierde en plantas mutantes para los factores de transcripción TGA de la clase II (que incluyen a TGA2). A partir de esto, concluimos que la unión constitutiva de TGA2 es esencial para el control de la expresión de GRXC9. Finalmente, mediante el uso de plantas que sobre-expresan GRXC9 podemos concluir que GRXC9 regula negativamente su propia expresión formando parte del complejo unido a la región promotora que contiene los elementos tipo-as-1. Estos descubrimientos son integrados en un modelo que explica como SA controla la expresión de GRXC9 en el contexto de la respuesta de defensa a estrés.
Cholestatic Liver Disease in Late Childhood: A Report of Two Rare Cases
Authors: Kini Sangeeta , Momin Azmat , Kamat Rima N , Patel Sameet , Rathi Pravin N
Published: November 2023

Cholestatic liver disease in late childhood has a comprehensive list of aetiologies, requiring a multidimensional approach. Among these, the genetic aetiology can range from having a self-limiting course to being associated with morbidity and mortality, requiring liver transplantation. Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (PFIC) and Benign Recurrent Intrahepatic Cholestasis (BRIC) are two rare inherited autosomal recessive cholestatic disorders. Both are related to mutations in the bile formation transport system and typically manifest in infancy or early childhood. Among the PFIC types, The PFIC type 3 rapidly progresses to end-stage liver disease, while BRIC follows a benign course with intermittent asymptomatic periods. Here, authors describe two (17-year-old male, 19-year-old male) such unusual inherited autosomal recessive cholestatic disorders in late childhood: PFIC (type 3) and BRIC, which have distinct clinical presentations and liver function derangements.
Safety and Efficacy of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (ATCC 53103) in Children with Functional Abdominal Pain: A Randomised, Doubleblinded, Placebo-controlled Trial
Authors: Kesharani Taral Javerilal , Mandot Sanjay , Yadav Arvind Kumar , Vyas Anjali , Jain Shubham
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Functional Abdominal Pain (FAP) is a major concern in developing countries, especially in school-going children. Recently, some probiotics have shown clinical evidence in managing abdominal diseases. The role of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) (ATCC 53103) for FAP in children has not been studied in India. Aim: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of LGG (ATCC 53103) in children with FAP in terms of frequency, severity, and adverse effects. Materials and Methods: This double-blinded, placebocontrolled study was conducted at Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India, from February 2021 to July 2022, after obtaining permission from the Institutional Ethical Committee (IEC). Children aged 5-18 years with FAP were included in the study. A total of 82 children were included in the study and were randomised into the LGG group and placebo group. The LGG group received LGG (ATCC 53103), and the placebo group received sugar powder for a period of four weeks. These patients were followed-up after 2, 4, and 8 weeks for evaluation. Student’s t-test (unpaired) was used for quantitative data, and Chi-square test was used for qualitative data. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) PC-20.0 version was used to evaluate the data. Results: Out of 82 children, a total of 77 children were enrolled during the study period, with 38 in the LGG group and 39 in the placebo group. The severity of abdominal pain at four weeks and eight weeks was significantly less compared to placebo (p-value=0.009 and p-value=0.01, respectively). The frequency of abdominal pain at four weeks and eight weeks was also significantly less compared to placebo (p-value ≤0.001 and p-value≤0.001, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in adverse effects between the two groups (p-value =0.115). Conclusion: This study concluded that LGG decreases both the severity and frequency of abdominal pain in children aged 5-18 years without any significant side-effects. Thus, it can be safely used in the management of childhood FAP.
Antimicrobial resistance threatening animal-human health in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Pupune Paula , Puana Ilagi , Allen John , Kelly Daniel , Ronnachit Amrita
Published: November 2023

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has the potential to reverse gains made in modern medicine and seriously jeopardize the lives of people and animals from infections that were once readily treatable (FAO/OIE 2015). Adopting a one health approach is critical to better understand and mitigate factors driving the emerging concern of AMR. Although the development and transmission of AMR in wildlife is not well understood, there is growing evidence that it is associated with proximity to humans or domestic animals. Papua New Guinea (PNG) faces some unique challenges for zoonotic spillover disease events and transmission of AMR between animals and humans. These challenges arise from the erosion of wildlife habitats due to deforestation and close contact of wildlife with villagers and their village-based livestock raised under free-range systems. Papua New Guinea's human health system and the animal health field and laboratory services are resource-limited and are facing many human and animal disease challenges. The Fleming Fund Country Grant, implemented by the Burnet Institute Australia, is working with Papua New Guinea government and industry stakeholders to tackle AMR by encouraging information sharing, raising awareness, and supporting laboratory capacity in human and animal health for effective AMR surveillance. In addition, national legislation is being strengthened to support implementation of the Papua New Guinea Antimicrobial Resistance National Action Plan (Government of Papua New Guinea 2019) to encourage the judicious use and effective monitoring of antimicrobial medicines in humans and animals.
Effect of Company Performance on GCG and Control of Operation Cost
Authors: Mega Metalia,
Published: November 2023

Aims: The research aims to investigate and analyze the relationship between state equity involvement, corporate strategy, and the application of good corporate governance principles, as well as the relationship between operating cost control and firm success.

Study Design: Research design this is Explanatory Research by doing analysis Descriptive analysis and Verification.

Place and Duration of Study: The information utilized includes both primary data gathered through questionnaires and secondary data gathered from SEO Businesses in Indonesia receiving SEP.

Methodology: State Equity Participation, Business Strategy, Good Corporate Governance, Operational Cost Control, and Company Performance are the Subjects of This Study. The company secretary, internal control unit, and finance department are the study's units of observation. Structural equation modeling is the research methodology employed (SEM). Research design this is Explanatory Research by doing analysis Descriptive analysis and Verification.

Results: The findings of this study indicate that there is an influence between the variables                   of State Equity Participation (SEP) and Business Strategy (BS) on Good Corporate Governance (GCG). There is an influence between the variables of State Equity Participation (SEP), Business Strategy (BS), and Good Corporate Governance (GCG) on Operational Cost Control (OCC). However, there is no influence between the variables of Good Corporate Governance (GCG), Operational Cost Control (OCC), and State Equity Participation (SEP) on Company Performance (CP). But there is an influence between the variables of Business Strategy (BS) on Company Performance (CP).

Conclusion: The investigation revealed that there is a connection between State Equity Participation (SEP) and Good Corporate Governance (GCG). The variable state equity participation (SEP) has an impact, as well, on the operational cost control (OCC). The findings of the research on the Business Strategy (BS) variable also have an impact on Good Corporate Governance (GCG). The Business Strategy Variable (BS) is also related to Operational Cost Control in a meaningful way (OCC), and there was no correlation between the components of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) and Company Performance (CP).
On Power Chris-Jerry Distribution: Properties and Parameter Estimation Methods
Authors: Ezeilo Christiana I. , Onyeagu Sidney I.  , Umeh Edith U. , Onyekwere Chrisogonus K.
Published: November 2023

In this study, we introduce the "Power Chris-Jerry" distribution, conducting a comprehensive analysis of its fundamental mathematical characteristics and an extensive exploration of various crucial aspects. These encompass investigations into its mode, quantile function, moments, coefficient of skewness, kurtosis, moment generating function, stochastic ordering, distribution of order statistics, reliability analysis, and mean past lifetime. Furthermore, we provide an in-depth assessment of four distinct parameter estimation methodologies: maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), Least Squares (LS), maximum product spacing method (MPS), and the Method of Cram`er-von-Mises (CVM). Our investigation uncovers a consistent pattern wherein the MLE, LS, and CVM approaches consistently yield underestimated parameter values. Intriguingly, we observe a consistent trend of decreasing Mean Squared Error (MSE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and BIAS across all estimation techniques as sample sizes increase. Remarkably, our simulation results consistently favor the Maximum Product Spacing (MPS) method, highlighting its superiority in generating estimates with smaller MSE values across a broad spectrum of parameter values and sample sizes. These findings emphasize the robustness and dependability of the MPS estimator, offering valuable insights and practical guidance for both practitioners and researchers engaged in probability distribution modeling.
Treatment Regimen for Acute Viral Rhinitis in Patients with a History of Rhinitis Medicamentosa
Authors: Chi Denis Mak
Published: November 2023

Aims: The aim of this research is to study the efficacy of intranasal administration of 0.9% saline solution in patients with acute viral rhinitis and a history of Rhinitis medicamentosa.

Materials and Methods: The study included 96 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of acute viral rhinitis and a history of Rhinitis medicamentosa. All patients were equally randomized to two groups. In both groups, patients were treated according to the European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps with nasal decongestants (oxymetazoline), but in Group 2, the treatment regimen was supplemented with topical use of 0.9% saline solution. Local TNF-α and IL-1β levels were determined in all patients on Days 1, 5, and 10. In addition, on the next day after oxymetazoline withdrawal, a Nasal airway resistance was measured in all patients using active posterior rhinomanometry.

Results: The duration of rhinorrhea and nasal congestion and, respectively, the duration of oxymetazoline administration significantly differed between the groups (p<0.001) and was 7.9±1.1 days for Group 1 and 4.7±0.9 days for Group 2. In general, the dynamics of changes in local TNF-α and IL-1β levels in both groups was similar. Throughout the study, there was a progressive decrease in both inflammatory mediators, with faster changes occurring in Group 2. A strong positive correlation (rs=0.89; p<0.001) between TNF-α and IL-1β levels was established. According to the results of active posterior rhinomanometry on the day following oxymetazoline withdrawal, Nasal airway resistance was significantly higher in Group 1 (p<0.001), which indicates the presence of difficulty breathing in patients of this group. In addition, patient examination showed that manifestations of Rhinitis medicamentosa occurred in 3 (6.25%) patients of Group 1 and in 17 (35.42%) patients of Group 2. Differences between the groups were significant (p<0.01).

Conclusion: The use of topical nasal decongestants, in particular oxymetazoline, in patients with acute viral rhinitis and a history of Rhinitis medicamentosa for more than 7 days has a potential risk of development of a recurrence of Rhinitis medicamentosa. Supplementing the treatment regimen for acute viral rhinitis with the topical use of 0.9% saline solution reduces the duration of treatment and the use of topical decongestants, and therefore prevents the recurrence of Rhinitis medicamentosa.
Performance Evaluation of Tractor Operated Cotton Stalk Shredder Cum Uprooter
Authors: Srinidhi G.  , Sushilendra  , Shirwal Sunil , Palled Vijayakumar
Published: November 2023

A large amount of cotton stalk is generated in India every year. Cotton stalks are burned in the fields as crop residues due to a labour shortage and high investment costs. Global warming will be caused by burning the agricultural residues in the field and also by the loss of nutrients in the stalk. Cotton residue management is thus the best solution. To shred the cotton stalk into pieces and uproot the stubble left in the field, a cotton stalk shredder and cum uprooter are used. A performance study was conducted in the cotton field. The purpose of the experiment was to assess the performance of a cotton stalk shredder cum uprooter. The performance parameters considered for the study were uprooting efficiency, power requirement, draft requirement and fuel consumption with respect to type of uprooter blade, viz., cross, sweep and curved and rake angle viz., 10o, 20o and 30o. The best results were observed for curved blade at a rake angle of 10o. The draft,  power requirement, fuel consumption and uprooting efficiency were found to be 1.78 kN, 1.48 kW, 2.38 l h-1 and 99.6 per cent, respectively.
Saddle Shaped Thrombus at Subclavian-Vertebral Artery Junction
Authors: Sharma A. K. , Roy S.
Published: November 2023

Acute upper limb ischemia is an uncommon but dreaded cardiovascular emergency. Severity of symptoms is dependent upon the site of the arterial occlusion and the extent of the collateral blood supply around the shoulder and elbow region. The most common cause of occlusion in subclavian artery is thromboembolic occlusion. Rheolytic pharmaco mechanical thrombectomy effectively removed the heavy thrombus after placing an embolic protection device in the vertebral artery. Good recanalization was achieved precluding the need of stenting.
Is noncoplanar plan more robust to inter‐fractional variations than coplanar plan in treating bilateral HN tumors with pencil‐beam scanning proton beams?
Authors: Yi ByongYong , Jatczak Jenna , Deng Wei , Poirier Yannick P. , Yao Weiguang , Witek Matthew E. , Molitoris Jason K. , Zakhary Mark J. , Zhang Baoshe , Biswal Nrusingh C. , Ferris Matthew J. , Mossahebi Sina
Published: November 2023

Purpose

Noncoplanar plans (NCPs) are commonly used for proton treatment of bilateral head and neck (HN) malignancies. NCP requires additional verification setup imaging between beams to correct residual errors of robotic couch motion, which increases imaging dose and total treatment time. This study compared the quality and robustness of NCPs with those of coplanar plans (CPs).

Methods and Materials

Under an IRB‐approved study, CPs were created retrospectively for 10 bilateral HN patients previously treated with NCPs maintaining identical beam geometry of the original plan but excluding couch rotations. Plan robustness to the inter‐fractional variation (IV) of both plans was evaluated through the Dose Volume Histograms (DVH) of weekly quality assurance CT (QACT) sets (39 total). In addition, delivery efficiency for both plans was compared using total treatment time (TTT) and beam‐on time (BOT).

Results

No significant differences in plan quality were observed in terms of clinical target volume (CTV) coverage (D95) or organ‐at‐risk (OAR) doses (p > 0.4 for all CTVs and OARs). No significant advantage of NCPs in the robustness to IV was found over CP, either. Changes in D95 of QA plans showed a linear correlation (slope = 1.006, R2 > 0.99) between NCP and CP for three CTV data points (CTV1, CTV2, and CTV3) in each QA plan (117 data points for 39 QA plans). NCPs showed significantly higher beam delivery time than CPs for TTT (539 ± 50 vs. 897 ± 142 s; p < 0.001); however, no significant differences were observed for BOT.

Conclusion

NCPs are not more robust to IV than CPs when treating bilateral HN tumors with pencil‐beam scanning proton beams. CPs showed plan quality and robustness similar to NCPs while reduced treatment time (∼6 min). This suggests that CPs may be a more efficient planning technique for bilateral HN cancer proton therapy.
A Study on Welding of Porous Metals and Metallic Foams
Authors: Rabiei Afsaneh , Cance John , Chacko Zubin
Published: November 2023

Metal foams are lightweight materials with exceptional impact energy absorption and unique thermal properties. Integrating these novel materials into large structural components requires developing appropriate welding techniques that preserve their bulk performance. Traditional fusion welding methods are ill‐suited for metal foams due to their porous structure, which tends to be filled during welding, compromising performance. This study focuses on solid‐state welding techniques, including friction stir welding (FSW) and induction welding, to join metal foams without adversely affecting their cellular structure. The results reveal challenges with FSW; it generates excessive heat during welding, filling the foam's porosities and disrupting its cellular structure. In contrast, induction welding is an effective method for joining composite metal foam (CMF) panels without compromising their structural integrity. The matrix between the porosities in CMF facilitates the penetration of eddy current, promoting the induction welding process. The mechanical properties of the weldments are studied through uniaxial tensile tests, while microstructural characterization of the weldment is evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. The results provide insight into the effect of various welding parameters (e.g., welding temperature, workpiece thickness, and welding environment) as well as the suitability and restrictions of such welding methods in joining CMFs.
Phytic Acid‐Promoted Exfoliation of Black Phosphorus Nanosheets for the Fabrication of Photothermal Antibacterial Coatings
Authors: Wu Ziyi , Huang Tao , Sathishkumar Gnanasekar , He Xiaodong , Wu Huajun , Zhang Kai , Rao Xi , Kang En‐Tang , Xu Liqun
Published: November 2023

Medical device‐associated infections (MDAI) caused by planktonic pathogens are of serious concern worldwide due to the emergence of drug resistance resulting from continuous overuse or misuse of antibiotics. Therefore, the design of non‐antibiotics‐based treatment for MDAI is of crucial importance. Black phosphorus (BP), a novel 2D material, has recently received much attention owing to its remarkable physical, chemical, mechanical, and functional features. However, the intricacy of the fabrication process has severely hampered the development of BP in prospective applications. In this study, a simple and eco‐friendly liquid‐phase exfoliation method of phytic acid (PA)‐promoted exfoliation of BP nanosheets (PA@BP NSs) is developed for their potential application in antibacterial photothermal therapy. To impart the antimicrobial effects, the polydimethylsiloxane surfaces are functionalized with quaternized polymer (polyquaternium‐2 or PQ) and PA@BP NSs, leading to the formation of PA‐BP‐PQ composite coatings. In addition to the contact‐killing antibacterial effect of the cationic PQ, the PA‐BP‐PQ coating exhibits remarkable near‐infrared irradiation‐triggered bactericidal effects with low cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo. This study proposes a simple liquid‐phase exfoliation technique for the fabrication of BP NSs and a one‐step approach for the construction of PA‐BP‐PQ composite coatings for bi‐modal (contact‐killing and photothermal) antimicrobial therapy.
Near‐Infrared Light‐Triggered Thermoresponsive Pyroptosis System for Synergistic Tumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Zhu Guoqing , Zheng Pan , Wang Man , Xie Yulin , Sun Qianqian , Gao Minghong , Li Chunxia
Published: November 2023

Pyroptosis, as an inflammatory cell death, has been widely applied in tumor therapy, but its systemic adverse reactions caused by nonspecific activation still seriously hinder its application. Herein, a near‐infrared (NIR) light‐triggered thermoresponsive pyroptosis strategy is designed for on‐demand initiation of pyroptosis and synergistic tumor immunotherapy. Specifically, glucose oxidase (GOx) loaded and heat‐sensitive material p(OEOMA‐co‐MEMA) (PCM) modified mesoporous Pt nanoparticles (abbreviated as PCMPt/GOx) are prepared as the mild‐temperature triggered pyroptosis inducer. Pt nanoparticles can not only serve as nanozyme with catalase‐like activity to promote GOx catalytic reaction, but also act as photothermal agent to achieve mild‐temperature photothermal therapy (PTT) and thermoresponsive GOx release on‐demand under the irradiation of NIR light, thereby activating and promoting pyroptosis. In vitro and in vivo experiments prove that NIR light‐triggered thermoresponsive pyroptosis system exhibits excellent antitumor immunity activity as well as significantly inhibits tumor growth. The precise control of pyroptosis by NIR light as well as pyroptosis cooperated with mild‐temperature PTT for synergistically attenuated tumor immunotherapy are reported for the first time. This work provides a new method to initiate pyroptosis on demand, which is of great significance for spatiotemporally controllable pyroptosis and immunotherapy.