bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ARIMA-FSVR Hybrid Method for High-Speed Railway Passenger Traffic Forecasting
Authors: Ge Meng , Junfeng Zhang , Jinfei Wu , Huiting Han , Xinghua Shan , Hongye Wang
Published: May 2021

In order to improve the prediction accuracy of railway passenger traffic, an ARIMA model and FSVR are combined to propose a hybrid prediction method. The ARIMA prediction model is established based on the known railway passenger traffic data, and then, the ARIMA prediction results are used as the training set of the FSVR method. At the same time, the air price and historical passenger traffic data are introduced to predict the future passenger traffic, to realize the mixed prediction of railway passenger traffic. The case study demonstrates that the hybrid prediction method can effectively improve the prediction performance of railway passenger traffic. Compared with the single ARIMA method, the hybrid prediction method improves the delay of the prediction results. Compared with the FSVR prediction result, the hybrid prediction method greatly reduces the errors in the extreme points of passenger traffic and long-term prediction. The relevant research results of this paper provide a useful reference for the prediction of railway passenger traffic.
UV‐Mediated Photofunctionalization of Indirect Restorative Materials Enhances Bonding to a Resin‐Based Luting Agent
Authors: Ishikawa Kyoko , Yamauti Monica , Tichy Antonin , Ikeda Masaomi , Ueno Takeshi , Wakabayashi Noriyuki , Thanatvarakorn Ornnicha , Prasansuttiporn Taweesak , Klein-Junior Celso Afonso , Takahashi Akifumi , Takagaki Tomohiro , Nakajima Masatoshi , Tagami Junji , Hosaka Keiichi
Published: May 2021

Purpose. The potential of UV‐mediated photofunctionalization to enhance the resin‐based luting agent bonding performance to aged materials was investigated. Methods. Sixty samples of each material were prepared. Yttria‐stabilized zirconia (YZr) and Pd‐Au alloy (Pd‐Au) plates were fabricated and sandblasted. Lithium disilicate glass‐ceramic (LDS) was CAD‐CAM prepared and ground with #800 SiC paper. Half of the specimens were immersed in machine oil for 24 h to simulate the carbon adsorption. Then, all of the specimens (noncarbon‐ and carbon‐adsorbed) were submitted to UV‐mediated photofunctionalization with a 15 W UV‐LED (265 nm, 300 mA, 7692 μW/cm2) for 0 (control groups), 5, and 15 min and subjected to contact angle (Ɵ) measurement and bonded using a resin cement (Panavia™ V5, Kuraray Noritake, Japan). The tensile bond strength (TBS) test was performed after 24 h. The Ɵ (°) and TBS (MPa) data were statistically analyzed using two‐way ANOVA and Bonferroni correction tests (α = 0.05). Results. In the carbon‐adsorbed groups, UV‐mediated photofunctionalization for 5 min significantly decreased Ɵ of all materials and increased TBS of YZr, and UV for 15 min significantly increased the TBS of LDS and Pd‐Au. In noncarbon‐adsorbed groups, UV‐photofunctionalization did not significantly change the Ɵ or TBS except YZr specimens UV‐photofunctionalized for 15 min. Conclusion. UV‐mediated photofunctionalization might have removed the adsorbed hydrocarbon molecules from the materials’ surfaces and enhanced bond strengths of Panavia™ V5 to YZr, LDS, and Pd‐Au. Additionally, UV‐mediated photofunctionalization improved the overall TBS of YZr. Further investigation on the optimum conditions of UV photofunctionalization on indirect restorative materials should be conducted.
Predictive Factors in Sacral Neuromodulation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jairam Ranjana , Drossaerts Jamie , Marcelissen Tom , van Koeveringe Gommert , Vrijens Desiree , van Kerrebroeck Philip
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) is an effective treatment in patients with overactive bladder syndrome or nonobstructive urinary retention when conservative treatment fails. Several factors that could impact outcome with SNM have been studied. This systematic review investigated these predictive factors and their relevance for clinical practice. Methods: Systematic review according to the PRISMA guidelines was conducted. This review is registered in the PROSPERO register (CRD42015016256). Results: Seventy-eight studies (of which 11 abstracts) were included. Females, younger patients, and a tined lead procedure tend to be predictive in successful SNM outcome. Factors that did not influence SNM outcome were prior back surgery, surgery for stress urinary incontinence, affective symptoms, and duration of complaints. Reduced detrusor contractility is associated with a lower success rate. The level of evidence of most studies (graded according to the Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine) was 3b. Conclusion: Even though this systematic review investigated predictive factors (gender, age, type of procedure, type of lead, and detrusor contractility), no general consensus on predictive factors could be made. Most studies are small, retrospective, and involve a heterogeneous population. Therefore, prospective research in larger specific patient groups remains necessary to find predictors of SNM outcome.
The Emerging Terbinafine-Resistant Trichophyton Epidemic: What Is the Role of Antifungal Susceptibility Testing?
Authors: Shen Julia J. , Arendrup Maiken C. , Verma Shyam , Saunte Ditte Marie L.
Published: May 2021

Background: Dermatophytosis is commonly encountered in the dermatological clinics. The main aetiological agents in dermatophytosis of skin and nails in humans are Trichophyton (T.) rubrum, T. mentagrophytes and T. interdigitale (former T. mentagrophytes-complex). Terbinafine therapy is usually effective in eradicating infections due to these species by inhibiting their squalene epoxidase (SQLE) enzyme, but increasing numbers of clinically resistant cases and mutations in the SQLE gene have been documented recently. Resistance to antimycotics is phenotypically determined by antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST). However, AFST is not routinely performed for dermatophytes and no breakpoints classifying isolates as susceptible or resistant are available, making it difficult to interpret the clinical impact of a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Summary: PubMed was systematically searched for terbinafine susceptibility testing of dermatophytes on October 20, 2020, by two individual researchers. The inclusion criteria were in vitro terbinafine susceptibility testing of Trichophyton (T.) rubrum, T. mentagrophytes and T. interdigitale with the broth microdilution technique. The exclusion criteria were non-English written papers. Outcomes were reported as MIC range, geometric mean, modal MIC and MIC50 and MIC90 in which 50 or 90% of isolates were inhibited, respectively. The reported MICs ranged from <0.001 to >64 mg/L. The huge variation in MIC is partly explained by the heterogeneity of the Trichophyton isolates, where some originated from routine specimens (wild types) whereas others came from non-responding patients with a known SQLE gene mutation. Another reason for the great variation in MIC is the use of different AFST methods where MIC values are not directly comparable. High MICs were reported particularly in isolates with SQLE gene mutation. The following SQLE alterations were reported: F397L, L393F, L393S, H440Y, F393I, F393V, F415I, F415S, F415V, S443P, A448T, L335F/A448T, S395P/A448T, L393S/A448T, Q408L/A448T, F397L/A448T, I121M/V237I and H440Y/F484Y in terbinafine-resistant isolates.
TLR7 Ligation Inhibits TLR8 Responsiveness in IL-27-Primed Human THP-1 Monocytes and Macrophages
Authors: Odoardi Natalya , Kourko Olena , Petes Carlene , Basta Sameh , Gee Katrina
Published: May 2021

Regulation of proinflammatory cytokine expression is critical in the face of single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus infections. Many viruses, including coronavirus and influenza virus, wreak havoc on the control of cytokine expression, leading to the formation of detrimental cytokine storms. Understanding the regulation and interplay between inflammatory cytokines is critical to the identification of targets involved in controlling the induction of cytokine expression. In this study, we focused on how the antiviral cytokine interleukin-27 (IL-27) regulates signal transduction downstream of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and TLR8 ligation, which recognize endosomal single-stranded RNA. Given that IL-27 alters bacterial-sensing TLR expression on myeloid cells and can inhibit replication of single-stranded RNA viruses, we investigated whether IL-27 affects expression and function of TLR7 and TLR8. Analysis of IL-27-treated THP-1 monocytic cells and THP-1-derived macrophages revealed changes in mRNA and protein expression of TLR7 and TLR8. Although treatment with IL-27 enhanced TLR7 expression, only TLR8-mediated cytokine secretion was amplified. Furthermore, we demonstrated that imiquimod, a TLR7 agonist, inhibited cytokine and chemokine production induced by a TLR8 agonist, TL8-506. Delineating the immunomodulatory role of IL-27 on TLR7 and TLR8 responses provides insight into how myeloid cell TLR-mediated responses are regulated during virus infection.
Diversity in Starvation Survival Strategies and Outcomes among Heterotrophic Proteobacteria
Authors: Bergkessel Megan , Delavaine Laurent
Published: May 2021

Heterotrophic Proteobacteria are versatile opportunists that have been extensively studied as model organisms in the laboratory, as both pathogens and beneficial symbionts of plants and animals, and as ubiquitous organisms found free-living in many environments. Succeeding in these niches requires an ability to persist for potentially long periods of time in growth-arrested states when essential nutrients become limiting. The tendency of these bacteria to grow in dense biofilm communities frequently leads to the development of steep nutrient gradients and deprivation of interior cells even when the environment is nutrient rich. Surviving within host environments also likely requires tolerating growth arrest due to the host limiting access to nutrients and transitioning between hosts may require a period of survival in a nutrient-poor environment. Interventions to maximise plant-beneficial activities and minimise infections by bacteria will require a better understanding of metabolic and regulatory networks that contribute to starvation survival, and how these networks function in diverse organisms. Here we focus on carbon starvation as a growth-arresting condition that limits availability not only of substrates for biosynthesis but also of energy for ongoing maintenance of the electrochemical gradient across the cell envelope and cellular integrity. We first review models for studying bacterial starvation and known strategies that contribute to starvation survival. We then present the results of a survey of carbon starvation survival strategies and outcomes in ten bacterial strains, including representatives from the orders Enterobacterales and Pseudomonadales (both Gammaproteobacteria) and Burkholderiales (Betaproteobacteria). Finally, we examine differences in gene content between the highest and lowest survivors to identify metabolic and regulatory adaptations that may contribute to differences in starvation survival.
Peripheral Leukocytosis Predicts Cognitive Decline but Not Behavioral Disturbances: A Nationwide Study of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease Patients
Authors: Unda Santiago R. , Antoniazzi Aldana M. , Altschul David J. , Marongiu Roberta
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Peripheral and central nervous system inflammation have been linked to the classic symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, it remains unclear whether the analysis of routine systemic inflammatory markers could represent a useful prediction tool to identify clinical subtypes in patients with Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s at higher risk of dementia-associated symptoms, such as behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). Methods: We performed a multivariate logistic regression using the 2016 and 2017 National Inpatient Sample with International Classification of Diseases 10th edition codes to assess if pro-inflammatory white blood cells (WBCs) anomalies correlate with dementia and BPSD in patients with these disorders. Results: We found that leukocytosis was the most common WBC inflammatory marker identified in 3.9% of Alzheimer’s and 3.3% Parkinson’s patients. Leukocytosis was also found to be an independent risk factor for Parkinson’s dementia. Multivariate analysis of both cohorts showed that leukocytosis is significantly decreased in patients with BPSD compared to patients without BPSD. Conclusions: These results suggest a link between leukocytosis and the pathophysiology of cognitive dysfunction in both PD and AD. A better understanding of the role of systemic neuroinflammation on these devastating neurodegenerative disorders may facilitate the development of cost-effective blood biomarkers for patient’s early diagnosis and more accurate prognosis.
The Prevalence of Atopic Manifestations in 313 Iranian Patients with Inborn Errors of Immunity
Authors: Ghaini Mehdi , Jamee Mahnaz , Mahdaviani Seyed Alireza , Mesdaghi Mehrnaz , Eskandarzadeh Shabnam , Rae William , Eslami Narges , Eslamian Golnaz , Mansouri Mahboubeh , Babaei Delara , Enayat Javad , Emami Habib , Doustkhah Shaya , Hosseini Abajalou Mohammadreza , Rekabi Mahsa , Chavoshzadeh Zahra
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) are rare inherited disorders with a broad spectrum of manifestations. Here, we aimed to delineate the atopy burden in a cohort of patients with IEIs. Methods: 313 patients with IEIs were enrolled in the study within a 9-years period, and data were collected via a questionnaire. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software (v. 25.0, Chicago, IL, USA). The statistical significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: Overall, 51 out of 313 (16.3%) patients were identified to have atopic manifestations. Food allergy was detected in 34 (10.2%), atopic dermatitis in 21 (6.7%), as well as allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis each in 4 (1.3%) patients. The allergic disorders were reported as initial manifestations among 14 out of 35 (40.0%) atopic patients. Most of these 51 patients fell within the category of combined immunodeficiency (CID) (n = 38, 74.5%), followed by, severe CID (SCID) (n = 5, 9.8%), common variable immunodeficiency (n = 3, 5.9%), chronic granulomatous disease (n = 3, 5.9%), selective IgA deficiency (n = 1, 2.0%), and leukocyte adhesion defect (n = 1, 2.0%). No patient with Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacteria was found to have atopic manifestation. Atopic dermatitis (p = 0.001) and food allergy (p < 0.001) were both significantly higher in patients with CID than in other IEI groups. Among atopic patients with CID and SCID, food allergy and atopic dermatitis were the most prevalent comorbidities. Discussion/Conclusion: Atopic diseases may contribute to the clinical picture of IEIs, particularly in patients with CID. Atopy in association with other warning signs of IEIs increases the possibility of an underlying IEI.
Rasche Wirkung von Benralizumab bei einer Exazerbation von schwerem eosinophilen Asthma im Zusammenhang mit eosinophiler Granulomatose mit Polyangiitis
Authors: Martínez-Rivera Carlos , Garcia-Olivé Ignasi , Urrutia‑Royo Blanca , Basagaña-Torrento Maria , Rosell Antoni , Abad-Capa Jorge
Published: May 2021

Hintergrund: Hintergrund: Bei der eosinophilen Granulomatose mit Polyangiitis (EGPA) handelt es sich um eine Erkrankung, die mit schwerem unkontrolliertem eosinophilem Asthma einhergeht. Eosinophile Granulozyten spielen bei der Pathogenese beider Erkrankungen eine wichtige Rolle. Benralizumab ist ein anti-eosinophiler monoklonaler Antikörper. Er bindet an die Alpha-Untereinheit des menschlichen Interleukin-5-Rezeptors (IL-5Rα), der auf der Oberfläche von Eosinophilen und Basophilen exprimiert wird. Wir stellen den ersten Fall einer raschen Besserung der Symptomatik und Lungenfunktion bei Aufnahme eines Patienten wegen der Exazerbation eines schweren eosinophilen Asthmas im Zusammenhang mit EGPA vor. Fallvorstellung: Ein 57-jähriger Mann, bei dem schweres eosinophiles Asthma im Zusammenhang mit EGPA diagnostiziert worden war, wurde aufgrund eines schweren Bronchospasmus in der Abteilung für Lungenheilkunde aufgenommen. Bei der Aufnahme wies der Patient 2300 Eosinophile/μl auf. Trotz Intensivbehandlung mit Bronchodilatatoren, intravenösem Methylprednisolon in einer Dosis von 80 mg/Tag, Sauerstofftherapie und Verneblung mit Budesonid traten bei dem Patienten weiterhin täglich Bronchospasmus-Episoden auf. Zehn Tage nach der Aufnahme wurde dem Patienten bei einer Eosinophilenzahl im Blut von 1700 Zellen/μl Benralizumab 30 mg s.c. verabreicht. An diesem Tag lag das forcierte exspiratorische Volumen in 1 Sekunde (FEV1) bei 28% des theoretischen Wertes (1150 ml). Am dritten Tag hatte sich das FEV1 auf 110 ml (31%) verbessert. Am neunten Tag betrug das FEV1 5% (2100 ml). Die Eosinophilenzahl im Blut betrug am neunten Tag 0 Zellen/μl. Schlussfolgerungen: Die rasche Verbesserung des FEV1 steht im Einklang mit Untersuchungen auf der Grundlage klinischer Studien, in denen nach zwei Tagen eine Verbesserung des Spitzenflusses (peak flow) festgestellt wurde. Zudem zeigte sich in einer Phase-II-Studie ein schnelles Ansprechen bei exazerbiertem Asthma in der Notaufnahme. Die rasche Besserung und der potenzielle Vorteil von Benralizumab bei der Behandlung von EGPA werden durch die anti-eosinophile Wirkung nach 24 Stunden sowie die Wirkung in unterschiedlichen Geweben bestimmt. Der vorliegende Fall lässt auf den Nutzen von Benralizumab bei Patienten mit EGPA und eosinophilem schwerem Asthma schließen, deren Bronchospasmus während eines stationären Aufenthalts aufgrund einer Exazerbation des Asthmas auf eine herkömmliche Behandlung nicht anspricht.
Discourse markers in English and European Portuguese translations: establishing functional equivalents and types of omission
Authors: Morozova Milana Andreevna
Published: May 2021

Based on the translations of a bidirectional English-Portuguese parallel corpus, this paper examines some English discourse markers (henceforth ‘DMs’, such as well, you know, I mean). The goal is twofold: firstly, the analysis of the translations establishes functional equivalents of the English DMs in European Portuguese, thus complementing the existing studies on translation of DMs in parallel corpus. Secondly and most importantly, this paper aims to approach the phenomenon of DMs omission frequently observed in translations from the empirical, rather than theoretical point of view. In particular, the study focuses on omission of DMs in the target languages. The corpus analysis resulted in the identification of three most common types of omission: DM deletion (i.e. a common DM deletion or omission in the target language), partial DM deletion (i.e. when one of the two DMs in the original language drops, resulting in translation of only one of them in the target language), DM addition (i.e. when there is no DM in the original language, but the translator has added it).
Dicionário Infernal: repertório universal, de Jacques Albin Simon Collin De Plancy (Resenha)
Authors: Módolo Marcelo , Dias Fábio Garcia
Published: May 2021

Resenha crítica do livro:
Collin De Plancy, Jacques Albin Simon. Dicionário Infernal: repertório universal. São Paulo, Edusp, 2019.
Cost‐Effectiveness of Advanced Neuroimaging for Transient and Minor Neurological Events in the Emergency Department
Authors: Liberman Ava L. , Zhang Hui , Rostanski Sara K. , Cheng Natalie T. , Esenwa Charles C. , Haranhalli Neil , Singh Puneet , Labovitz Daniel L. , Lipton Richard B. , Prabhakaran Shyam
Published: May 2021

Background

Accurate diagnosis of patients with transient or minor neurological events can be challenging. Recent studies suggest that advanced neuroimaging can improve diagnostic accuracy in low‐risk patients with transient or minor neurological symptoms, but a cost‐effective emergency department diagnostic evaluation strategy remains uncertain.

Methods and Results

We constructed a decision‐analytic model to evaluate 2 diagnostic evaluation strategies for patients with low‐risk transient or minor neurological symptoms: (1) obtain advanced neuroimaging (magnetic resonance imaging brain and magnetic resonance angiography head and neck) on every patient or (2) current emergency department standard‐of‐care clinical evaluation with basic neuroimaging. Main probability variables were: proportion of patients with true ischemic events, strategy specificity and sensitivity, and recurrent stroke rate. Direct healthcare costs were included. We calculated incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios, conducted sensitivity analyses, and evaluated various diagnostic test parameters primarily using a 1‐year time horizon. Cost‐effectiveness standards would be met if the incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio was less than willingness to pay. We defined willingness to pay as $100 000 US dollars per quality‐adjusted life year. Our primary and sensitivity analyses found that the advanced neuroimaging strategy was more cost‐effective than emergency department standard of care. The incremental effectiveness of the advanced neuroimaging strategy was slightly less than the standard‐of‐care strategy, but the standard‐of‐care strategy was more costly. Potentially superior diagnostic approaches to the modeled advanced neuroimaging strategy would have to be >92% specific, >70% sensitive, and cost less than or equal to standard‐of‐care strategy’s cost.

Conclusions

Obtaining advanced neuroimaging on emergency department patient with low‐risk transient or minor neurological symptoms was the more cost‐effective strategy in our model.
Geographic and Demographic Variability in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Dispersion in the United States
Authors: Young Michael N. , Kearing Stephen , Malenka David , Goodney Philip P. , Skinner Jonathan , Iribarne Alexander
Published: May 2021

Background

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has transformed the management of aortic valve stenosis. However, little national data are available characterizing the geographic and demographic dispersion of this disruptive technology relative to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR).

Methods and Results

In this US claims‐based study, we analyzed a 100% sample of fee‐for‐service Medicare beneficiaries from 2012 to 2017 and examined national rates of TAVR versus SAVR. Procedure rates were compared across years as a function of age, sex, race, and geography for TAVR and SAVR beneficiaries. There was significant growth in TAVR from 15.4 beneficiaries/100 000 enrollees in 2012 to 90.6 in 2017 (
P
<0.001). SAVR rates declined from 92.8 beneficiaries/100 000 enrollees in 2012 to 63.5 in 2017 (
P
<0.001). The growth of TAVR varied as a function of age (
P
<0.0001). While TAVR was the dominant strategy among beneficiaries ≥85 and 75 to 84 years old, SAVR was more common among beneficiaries 65 to 74 years old. TAVR was also used more frequently than SAVR among women (
P
<0.001). While TAVR increased among all races, it was less commonly used among non‐White beneficiaries (
P
<0.001). Contemporary use of TAVR relative to SAVR varied significantly by geographic location, with a TAVR:SAVR ratio in 2017 of 1.24 in the Midwest and 1.68 in the Northeast (
P
<0.001).

Conclusions

In 2017, the number of Medicare beneficiaries receiving TAVR exceeded SAVR for the first time in the United States. There is significant variation, however, in the geographic expansion of TAVR and in patient demographics relative to SAVR.
Diagnostic Impact of Repeated Expert Review & Long‐Term Follow‐Up in Determining Etiology of Idiopathic Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Merghani Ahmed , Monkhouse Christopher , Kirkby Claire , Savvatis Konstantinos , Mohiddin Saidi A. , Elliott Perry , O’Mahony Constantinos , Lowe Martin D. , Schilling Richard J. , Lambiase Pier D.
Published: May 2021

Background

Recognizing the etiology of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) has an enormous impact on the management of victims and their immediate families. A significant proportion of SCA survivors with a structurally normal heart are not offered a diagnosis and there is no clear consensus on the type and duration of follow‐up. We aimed to assess the utility of a multidisciplinary approach in optimizing diagnosis of cardiac arrest etiology during follow‐up.

Methods and Results

We retrospectively assessed 327 consecutive SCA survivors (mean age 61.9±16.2 years, 80% men) who underwent secondary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillators between May 2015 and November 2018. The initial diagnosis was recorded at the time of admission and follow‐up diagnosis was deduced from subsequent clinic records, investigations, and outcomes of multidisciplinary team meetings. Structural heart disease accounted for 282 (86%) of SCAs. Forty‐five (14%) patients had a structurally normal heart and underwent comprehensive testing and follow‐up (mean duration 93±52 weeks). On initial evaluation, 14/45 (31%) of these received a diagnosis, rising to 29/45 (64%) with serial reviews during follow‐up. Discussion in multidisciplinary team meetings and imaging reassessment accounted for 47% of new diagnoses. No additional diagnoses were made beyond 96 weeks. Nineteen (5.8%) fatalities occurred in the entire cohort, exclusively in patients with structural heart disease.

Conclusions

Systematic comprehensive testing combined with multidisciplinary expert team review of SCA survivors without structural heart disease improves the yield and time to diagnosis compared with previously published studies. This approach has positive implications in the management of SCA survivors and their families.
A new species of Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Yunnan, China and its phylogenetic relationship to other congeners
Authors: AGUNG ADE PRASETYO , GRISMER L. LEE , GRISMER JESSE L. , QUAH EVAN S. H. , CHORNELIA ADA , LU JIANMEI , HUGHES ALICE C.
Published: May 2021

A new species of the gekkonid genus Hemiphyllodactylus is described from forested karst hills near Zhutangxiang town, Lancang Lahu Autonomous County, Yunnan, China. Hemiphyllodactylus zhutangxiangensis sp. nov. is distinguished from all other congeners in morphology and an uncorrected pairwise sequence divergence of greater than 14% based on 1039 base pairs of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene (ND2). The new species is defined by the following characters: a maximum SVL of 44.42 mm; 7–9 chin scales; enlarged postmentals; five circumnasal scales; 2–4 internasal scales; 8–11 supralabial scales; 8–11 infralabial scales; subdigital lamellae on fingers II–V (3–5)-(4–6)-(4 or 5)-(4 or 5); subdigital lamellae on toes II–V (4 or 5)-(4 or 5)-(4–6)-(4 or 5); dorsal scales 11–15; ventral scales 5–7; 20–23 continuous femoroprecloacal pores; having pale-grey base color on the body with various darker transverse dorsal blotches; a dark postorbital stripe extending to at least to the base of the neck; no dark dorsolateral or ventrolateral stripe on trunk; and postsacral marking bearing a dark fork-like pattern with anteriorly projecting arms. The new species brings the species total of Hemiphyllodactylus in China to 11.
A new genus and two new species of melicharid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) associated with wood-decaying fungi and mycophagous erotylid beetles (Coleoptera: Erotylidae) in Europe
Authors: MAŠÁN PETER , JOHARCHI OMID , ABRAMOV VLADIMIR V.
Published: May 2021

We describe a new genus in the mite family Melicharidae, Mycomelichares Mašán & Joharchi gen. nov., to accommodate two new species, Mycomelichares polypori Mašán & Joharchi sp. nov. and Mycomelichares reductus Mašán & Joharchi sp. nov. on the basis of specimens collected on wood-decaying fungi and/or mycophagous beetles of the genera Triplax Herbst and Tritoma Fabricius (Coleoptera: Erotylidae) in Slovakia and European part of Russia, respectively. Moreover, two previously described Proctolaelaps species—P. cyllodi Samšiňák, 1960 and P. slovacus Mašán, 1998 are transferred to the newly established genus. The new genus is characterized by specific characters in tritosternum (enlarged and brush-shaped, having their laciniae thickened, basaly fused and distally densely pilose), chelicerae (slightly dish-shaped digits with long, narrow and sharp denticles), ventral hypostome (setae h1 enlarged, thickened and distally flattened), setation (tendency towards placement of R series setae on soft integument, and reduction of some setae on idiosoma and legs), and unusual ecological specialisation on fungal substrates. Mycomelichares polypori sp. nov. is adapted to the life in sporophores of the basidiomycete bracket fungus, Polyporus squamosus (Polyporaceae). Mites of this species can be abundantly found on the lower fertile surface of the fungus, including large spore-bearing pores. Furthermore, keys to the melicharid genera reported from Palaearct, and the species of the genus are provided.
Type specimens of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) described by Brèthes held in the Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, Argentina
Authors: ONODY HELENA CAROLINA , BRANDÃO CARLOS ROBERTO FERREIRA , MULIERI PABLO RICARDO
Published: May 2021

A catalogue is provided for the name-bearing type specimens of Ichneumonidae described by Brèthes held in the Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”. The collection includes a total of six holotypes, 16 lectotypes, and 43 paralectotypes, of 22 nominal species.
The Anagyrus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) parasitoids of the obscure mealybug Pseudococcus viburni (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Spain, with description of a new species
Authors: SOLER JOSÉ MARÍA , FALCÓ-GARÍ JOSÉ VICENTE , HERRERO BERTA , AQUINO DANIEL ALEJANDRO
Published: May 2021

The presence of three species of the genus Anagyrus Howard (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) parasitizing the obscure mealybug Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in agricultural ecosystems of citrus, persimmon and ornamental plants from Eastern Spain is recorded. Anagyrus aligarhensis Agarwal & Alam is recorded for the first time as parasitoid on this mealybug. Anagyrus fusciventris (Girault) is a new record for Spain. Anagyrus borrianensis sp. nov., reared as a specific primary parasitoid of this mealybug, is described and illustrated. The joint presence of Anagyrus pseudococci (Girault) and Anagyrus vladimiri Triapitsyn on citrus crops is confirmed. A key to species of Anagyrus parasitoids of Planococcus and Pseudococcus mealybugs in Eastern Spain is provided
Description of a new eelpout Pachycara angeloi sp. nov. (Perciformes: Zoarcidae) from deep-sea hydrothermal vent fields in the Indian Ocean
Authors: THIEL RALF , KNEBELSBERGER THOMAS , KIHARA TERUE , GERDES KLAAS
Published: May 2021

A new species of eelpout genus Pachycara Zugmayer, 1911 is described based on five specimens caught at a depth of 2419–3275 m along the Central and Southeast Indian Ridges in the Indian Ocean. The specimens were collected during the INDEX cruises in 2016, 2018 and 2019, respectively. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of characters: scales and pelvic fins absent; lateral line configuration mediolateral; dorsal fin origin associated with vertebrae 7–9 with no free predorsal pterygiophores; vertebrae 27–28 + 57–59 = 85–87; dorsal-fin rays 78–80, anal-fin rays 58–62; pectoral fin rays 13–15. DNA sequences of a mitochondrial COI gene fragment showed low intra-specific variation ranging from 0–0.3 % sequence divergence and do not reflect different vent sites. This is the 29th species of Pachycara, which is the fifth to be described from specimens collected only from chemosynthetic environments and the sixth known from the Indian Ocean.
The Power of Money: Chinese Investments and Financialization in an Asian Hinterland
Authors: Karrar Hasan H.
Published: May 2021

In February 2002, a Chinese State-Owned Enterprise (SOE), Sinotrans Xinjiang, partnered with a local Pakistani collective, the Silk Route Dry Port Trust, to finance and operate a dry port in mountainous north Pakistan. Given minimal overland trade between China and Pakistan, this was an unlikely place for investment by a subsidiary of one of China’s largest SOEs. Individuals who commanded extensive social networks and possessed local knowledge were instrumental in brokering the joint venture. Brokers both Chinese and Pakistani leveraged the implicit power of money to create a new institution, the dry port joint venture, that helped normalize the presence and operations of Chinese business leaders in north Pakistan. The joint venture also enabled Pakistani strongmen to exert their control over local land and draw funds from a public bank, activities that ultimately undermined the joint venture itself. This episode is more than just a cautionary tale of an unsuccessful joint venture between a Chinese SOE and local partners. The episode highlights how, in an epoch of transnational financialization, money empowered local leaders, public officials, and official organizations to engage in and indeed benefit from loss-making activities that combine both regular and irregular processes.
Correcting Coagulopathy With Fresh Frozen Plasma in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit: How Much Do We Need to Transfuse?
Authors: Hashim Yassar M. , Dhillon Navpreet K. , Rottler Nicholas P. , Ghoulian Joshua , Barmparas Galinos , Ley Eric J.
Published: May 2021

Introduction

Thromboelastography (TEG) is an assay that assesses the coagulation status. Patients with prolonged reaction time (R) require fresh frozen plasma (FFP); however, the volume required to correct the R time is unknown. We sought to quantify the volume required to correct the R time and calculate the response ratio in our surgical intensive care unit (SICU) to allow for targeted resuscitation

Methods

Surgical intensive care unit patients between Aug 2017 and July 2019 with a prolonged initial R time and at least two TEG tests performed within 24 hours were included. The response ratio was defined as the change in the R time divided by the number of FFP units. High responders (response ratio >5 minutes/unit) were compared to low responders (response ratio ≤5 minutes/unit).

Results

Forty-six patients were included. While the mean response ratio was 5 minutes/unit, there was significant variation among patients. There were 28.0 (60.9%) low responders and 18.0 (39.1%) high responders. Low responders were more likely male (64.0% vs. 33.0%, P = .04), had a higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) IV score (42.0 vs. 27.0, P = .03), and a higher mortality rate (54.0% vs. 22.0%, P = .04).

Conclusions

On average, one unit of FFP corrects the R time by 5 minutes; however, there was significant variation between high and low responders. Male patients with higher APACHE IV score are expected to be low responders with a higher mortality rate. These findings can guide FFP transfusion and provide additional prognostication.
Design of self-heating test platform for sulfide corrosion and oxidation based on Fuzzy PID temperature control system
Authors: Chu Cheng-Wei , Zhu Zhi-Chao , Bian Hai-Tao , Jiang Jun-Cheng
Published: May 2021

In this paper, the changes of oxidation temperature of sulfide corrosion and the deficiency of distributed optical fiber application were analyzed. The test platform of oxidation temperature of sulfide corrosion was established, and the performance test of optical fiber and the simulation of oxidation temperature of sulfide corrosion were realized. The hardware part of the control system used STM32 as the controller, the software part was based on the process characteristics of the controlled object, using MATLAB to carry out the simulation of PID, fuzzy, fuzzy PD plus I, fuzzy PID algorithms, and their performance are evaluated using both single indexes and comprehensive indexes. The experimental results also showed that the proposed fuzzy PID can achieve better control performance with less overshoot and shorter setting time. Therefore, the fuzzy PID was chosen as the temperature control algorithm to build the optical fiber sensor test platform, and an alarm method for testing the oxidation temperature of large area sulfide corrosion based on the optical fiber performance was obtained. Then, considering the influence of spatial resolution on optical fiber sensor, this paper used piecewise PID to simulate the temperature rise process of three stages of sulfurization corrosion and oxidation. The results showed that the alarm method of oxidation temperature of sulfurization corrosion has limitations for small-scale oxidation of sulfurization corrosion, and it needed to be combined with machine learning to identify temperature anomaly.
Ministers of Life: A Call to Mission for Healthcare Workers
Authors: McTavish James
Published: May 2021

In its new charter, the Vatican calls on healthcare workers to be ministers of life. This is a challenging task and a most noble mission. The mission field itself is the vast, complex and mysterious field of suffering (Pope John Paul II). For Catholic healthcare professionals, it is not so much to have a mission, but to be a mission on this earth, as Pope Francis often reminds us. The daily mission needs to be nourished by a commensurate spirituality. Each deed can be offered to the Lord as part of our response. Healthcare professionals may feel called to specific mission fields too, such as working to reduce the culture of gun violence or to promote the culture of life. The ongoing formation of conscience is a vital prerequisite, so we can continually respond to the novel ethical challenges that progress in technology and medicine inevitably bring. May we each respond enthusiastically to the call to mission: “Here I am Lord, send me!” (Isaiah 6:8).
The weaponising of COVID-19: Contamination prevention and the use of spit hoods in UK policing
Authors: De Camargo Camilla
Published: May 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has produced a radically changed world for everyone, but its effects on police officers has been particularly acute. Officers have been subject to increased cough and spit attacks as offenders have sought to weaponise the coronavirus, and forces have responded by encouraging officers to use enhanced methods of contamination prevention. The controversial argument of whether using ‘spit hoods’ is a necessary tool in policing has been resurrected, although evidence of their ineffectiveness in the fight against COVID-19 has been brought to light more recently. Drawing on interview data obtained from 18 police officers in 11 UK forces over the summer of 2020, this article draws on interview narratives discussing contamination prevention, policing the pandemic, and the use of spit hoods.
Athlete Enjoyment of Prior Education Moderates change in Concussion-Reporting Intention after Interactive Education
Authors: Daneshvar Daniel H. , Baugh Christine M. , Yutsis Maya , Pea Roy D. , Goldman Shelley , Grant Gerald A. , Cantu Robert C. , Sanders Lee M. , Chen Christine L. , Lama Roberto D. , Zafonte Ross D. , Sorcar Piya
Published: May 2021

Undiagnosed concussions increase risk of additional injuries and can prolong recovery. Because of the difficulties recognizing concussive symptoms, concussion education must specifically target improving athlete concussion reporting. Many concussion education programs are designed without significant input from athletes, resulting in a less enjoyable athlete experience, with potential implications on program efficacy. Athlete enjoyment of previous concussion education programs moderates the improvement in concussion-reporting intention after experiencing the research version of CrashCourse (CC) concussion education. Prospective cohort study. Level of evidence: Level IV. Quantitative assessment utilizing ANOVA with moderation analysis of 173 male high school football players, aged 13 to 17, who completed baseline assessments of concussion knowledge, concussion reporting, and attitudes about prior educational interventions. Athletes were subsequently shown CC, before a follow-up assessment was administered assessing the same domains. At baseline, only 58.5% of athletes reported that they enjoyed their previous concussion education. After CC, athletes were significantly more likely to endorse that they would report a suspected concussion (from 69.3% of athletes to 85.6%; P < .01). Enjoyment of previous concussion education moderated concussion-reporting intention after CC ( P = .02), with CC having a greater effect on concussion-reporting intention in athletes with low enjoyment of previous concussion education ( b = 0.21, P = .02), than on individuals with high enjoyment of previous concussion education ( P = .99). Enjoyment of CC did not have a moderating effect on concussion-reporting intention. Athletes who previously did not enjoy concussion education exhibited greater gains in concussion-reporting intention than athletes who enjoyed previous education. Given the potential risks associated with undiagnosed concussions, concussion education has sought to improve concussion reporting. Because most athletes participate in concussion education programs due to league or state mandates, improving concussion-reporting intention in these low-enjoyment athletes is of particular relevance to improving concussion-reporting intention broadly.
Revolutionary perspectives: German Jewish women and 1918–19
Authors: Painter Corinne
Published: May 2021

In November 1918, revolution swept across Germany: it led to the end of the war, the abdication of the Kaiser and a new parliamentary democracy. While leading figures of the revolution, such as Ernst Toller, Rosa Luxemburg and Kurt Eisner, have been the subject of much scholarly interest, less research has been conducted into the motivations and aims of the rank and file, a group which included many women. Women played key roles as revolutionaries: by spreading the revolutionary message, working in its administration or participating in direct action on the streets. By choosing to become a revolutionary, individuals risked imprisonment or even death. For German Jewish women, who faced anti-Semitism in their daily lives, the risk was even greater. This article focuses on these forgotten female revolutionaries to uncover their roles, aims and motivations, and to contribute to a heterogeneous understanding of the revolution.
On the use of Ozawa/Flynn/Wall method to determine aging activation energy for elastomers
Authors: Bafna Sudhir
Published: May 2021

It is often necessary to assess the effect of aging at room temperature over years/decades for hardware containing elastomeric components such as oring seals or shock isolators. In order to determine this effect, accelerated oven aging at elevated temperatures is pursued. When doing so, it is vital that the degradation mechanism still be representative of that prevalent at room temperature. This places an upper limit on the elevated oven temperature, which in turn, increases the dwell time in the oven. As a result, the oven dwell time can run into months, if not years, something that is not realistically feasible due to resource/schedule constraints in industry. Measuring activation energy (Ea) of elastomer aging by test methods such as tensile strength or elongation, compression set, modulus, oxygen consumption, etc. is expensive and time consuming. Use of kinetics of weight loss by ThermoGravimetric Analysis (TGA) using the Ozawa/Flynn/Wall method per ASTM E1641 is an attractive option (especially due to the availability of commercial instrumentation with software to make the required measurements and calculations) and is widely used. There is no fundamental scientific reason why the kinetics of weight loss at elevated temperatures should correlate to the kinetics of loss of mechanical properties over years/decades at room temperature. Ea obtained by high temperature weight loss is almost always significantly higher than that obtained by measurements of mechanical properties or oxygen consumption over extended periods at much lower temperatures. In this paper, data on five different elastomer types (butyl, nitrile, EPDM, polychloroprene and fluorocarbon) are presented to prove that point. Thus, use of Ea determined by weight loss by TGA tends to give unrealistically high values, which in turn, will lead to incorrectly high predictions of storage life at room temperature.
Endoscopic Resection of a Massive Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Nasal Septum
Authors: Kubota Akinobu , Komabayashi Yuki , Kunibe Isamu , Harabuchi Yasuaki
Published: May 2021

Pleomorphic adenoma is a benign tumor that commonly arises from the major salivary glands, such as the parotid and submandibular glands. However, they rarely originate from the nasal cavity. Herein, we describe the case of a 49-year-old woman who presented with nasal obstruction. Preoperative evaluation revealed a giant pleomorphic adenoma attached to the nasal septum. Transnasal endoscopic removal was successfully performed using a specimen retrieval bag. We performed an endoscopic complete en-bloc resection of a large pleomorphic adenoma in the nasal cavity, using a specimen retrieval bag. There were no complications seen, no local recurrences after 2 years of follow-up, and the patient satisfaction was high. We therefore recommend that this technique of using specimen retrieval bags can be favorably utilized for endoscopic removal of large nasal tumors like pleomorphic adenoma.
The effects of dialogic reading on the expressive vocabulary of pre-school aged children with moderate to severely impaired expressive language skills
Authors: Ramsey Wanda R , Bellom-Rohrbacher Kristen , Saenz Terry
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dialogic reading on the expressive vocabulary skills of children with moderate to severe expressive impairments. Previous research has shown positive effects of dialogic reading on the language skills of children who are typically developing and on children who are at-risk for language delays. However, there is limited research indicating the effectiveness of dialogic reading on children with moderate to severely delayed language skills. The participants in this single-case, multiple baseline across participants designed study received four weeks of individual dialogic reading intervention which was intended to increase their expressive vocabulary skills of a near-transfer vocabulary word list. The results revealed that all three participants demonstrated a significant increase in expressive vocabulary of the near-transfer vocabulary list.
Efficacy of whole-body vibration on balance control, postural stability, and mobility after thermal burn injuries: A prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Abdel-Aal Nabil Mahmoud , Allam Nesma M , Eladl Hadaya Mosaad
Published: May 2021

Objective:

To investigate the additive effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) training to the traditional physical therapy program (TPTP) on balance control, postural stability, and mobility after thermal burn injuries.

Design:

A single-blinded, randomized controlled study.

Setting:

Outpatient physical therapy setting.

Participants:

Forty participants, 20–45 years old, with deep second-degree thermal burn involving the lower limbs and trunk, with 35%–40% total body service area, were randomly allocated either into the study group or the control group.

Intervention:

The study group received WBV plus TPTP while the control group received the TPTP only. Interventions were applied three sessions a week for eight weeks.

Outcome measures:

Anteroposterior stability index (APSI), mediolateral stability index (MLSI), overall stability index (OSI), timed-up and go (TUG), and Berg balance scale (BBS) were measured at baseline and after eight weeks of interventions.

Results:

There were statistically significant differences in APSI, MLSI, OSI, BBS, and TUG in favor of the WBV group after eight weeks of intervention ( P < 0.001). After eight weeks of intervention, the mean (SD) for APSI, MLSI, OSI, BBS, and TUG scores were 1.87 ± 0.51, 41.36 ± 0.18, 1.95 ± 0.56, 47.2 ± 6.12, and 8.15 ± 1.05 seconds in the WBV group, and 2.41 ± 0.71, 2.21 ± 0.54, 2.68 ± 0.73, 40.65 ± 4.7, and 10.95 ± 2.44 seconds in the control group, respectively.

Conclusions:

The whole-body vibration training combined with the TPTP was more beneficial in improving APS, MLS, OSI, TUG, and BBS than TPTP alone. It might be considered a useful adjunctive therapy in treating patients with healed wounds with a deep second-degree burn of the trunk and lower limbs.