bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prospects for new physics from gauge left-right-colour-family grand unification hypothesis
Authors: Morais António P. , Pasechnik Roman , Porod Werner
Published: December 2020

Given the tremendous phenomenological success of the Standard Model (SM) framework, it becomes increasingly important to understand to what extent its specific structure dynamically emerges from unification principles. In this study, we present a novel anomaly-free supersymmetric (SUSY) Grand Unification model based upon gauge trinification$$[\mathrm{SU}(3)_{\mathrm{}}]^3$$[SU(3)]3symmetry and a local$$\mathrm{SU}(2)_{\mathrm{F}}\times \mathrm{U}(1)_{\mathrm{F}}$$SU(2)F×U(1)Ffamily symmetry, with particle spectra and gauge symmetries inspired by a possible reduction pattern$${\mathrm {E}}_8 \rightarrow {\mathrm {E}}_6\times \mathrm{SU}(2)_{\mathrm{F}}\times \mathrm{U}(1)_{\mathrm{F}}$$E8→E6×SU(2)F×U(1)F, with subsequent$${\mathrm {E}}_6\rightarrow [\mathrm{SU}(3)_{\mathrm{}}]^3$$E6→[SU(3)]3symmetry breaking step. In this framework, higher-dimensional operators of$${\mathrm {E}}_6$$E6induce the threshold corrections in the gauge and Yukawa interactions leading, in particular, to only two distinct Yukawa couplings in the fundamental sector of the resulting$$[\mathrm{SU}(3)_{\mathrm{}}]^3\times \mathrm{SU}(2)_{\mathrm{F}}\times \mathrm{U}(1)_{\mathrm{F}}$$[SU(3)]3×SU(2)F×U(1)FLagrangian. Among the appealing features emergent in this framework are the Higgs-matter unification and a unique minimal three Higgs doublet scalar sector at the electroweak scale as well as tree-level hierarchies in the light fermion spectra consistent with those observed in nature. In addition, our framework reveals a variety of prospects for New Physics searches at the LHC and future colliders such as vector-like fermions, as well as rich scalar, gauge and neutrino sectors.
A career fueled by HPC
Authors: Crawford Dona
Published: December 2020

Computing enabled me to …
Data protection in Hong Kong
Authors: Kwong Glacier
Published: December 2020

How does a law turn society on its head? How does technology keep a movement alive? Through the lens of her home, Hong Kong, the author discusses legal loopholes in a new national security law that might bring about a dystopian reality, and how tomorrow's secure and private tech can fight back.
Max Schrems' European Court of Justice odyssey
Authors: Kshirsagar Mihir , Teixeira Ross
Published: December 2020

How one privacy activist took on Facebook, the European Commission, and the United States to protect the rights of European citizens, and prevailed.
Massively Parallel Join Algorithms
Authors: Hu Xiao , Yi Ke
Published: December 2020

Due to the rapid development of massively parallel data processing systems such as MapReduce and Spark, there have been revived interests in designing algorithms in a massively parallel computational model. Computing multi-way joins, as one of the central algorithmic problems in databases, has received much attention recently. This paper surveys some of the recent algorithms, as well as lower bounds. We focus on multi-round algorithms, while referring readers to [27] for single-round algorithms.
Advice from SIGMOD/PODS 2020
Authors: Maier David , Pottinger Rachel , Doan AnHai , Dragut Eduard , Howe Bill , Lateulere Joanne , Lateulere John , Milani Mostafa , Rabl Tilmann , Suciu Dan , Tao Yufei , Tan Wang-Chiew , Tufte Kristin
Published: December 2020

This document collects the experiences and advice from the organizers of the SIGMOD/PODS 2020, which shifted on short notice to an online-only conference. It is mainly intended for others who are organizing online conferences, but some of it may be of use in the future to people organizing ?live? conferences with an online component.
A Multicentric, Retrospective Efficacy and Safety Study of Nanosomal Docetaxel Lipid Suspension in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Samar Aseem , Tiwari Srikant , Subramanian Sundaram , Joshi Nisarg , Sejpal Jaykumar , Khan Mujtaba A. , Ahmad Imran
Published: December 2020

Purpose. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nanosomal docetaxel lipid suspension (NDLS, DoceAqualip) in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Materials and Methods. In this multicenter, retrospective study, we analyzed the medical charts of mCRPC patients, who were treated with NDLS administered as 2-weekly (50 mg/m2) or 3-weekly regimens (75 mg/m2). The study endpoints were prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response (>50% PSA decline from baseline), PSA progression (PSA increase from baseline beyond 12 weeks: ≥25% and ≥2 ng/mL), median PSA decline, and time-to-treatment failure (TTF). Overall survival (OS) and safety were also evaluated. Results. Data of 24 patients with mCRPC were analyzed in this study. NDLS was administered as a 2-weekly regimen in 37.5% (9/24; all first-line) patients and as a 3-weekly regimen in 62.5% patients (15/24; first-line: 20% (3/15), second-line: 80% (12/15)). Overall, PSA response was reported in 66.7% (16/24) patients. The PSA response was 77.8% (7/9 patients) in the 2-weekly group and 60% (9/15 patients) in the 3-weekly group. The median decline in PSA was 96.31% in the 2-weekly group and 83.29% in the 3-weekly group; the median TTF was 6.7 and 6.5 months in the 2 weekly group and 3-weekly group, respectively. The median OS was 14.6 months (follow-up: 5.5–25.8 months) in the 2-weekly group whereas it was not reached in the 3-weekly group (follow-up: 7.9–15.6 months). The most common hematological AEs were anemia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia whereas nausea, weakness, constipation, vomiting, and diarrhea were the most common (≥10%) nonhematological AEs. Overall, NDLS treatment was well tolerated without any new safety concerns. Conclusions. Nanosomal docetaxel lipid suspension (2-weekly or 3-weekly) was effective and well tolerated in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Experimental Study on Equivalent Strength of Induced Joints with consideration to Influence of Concrete Strength, Inducer Spacing, and Concrete Age
Authors: Zhang Xiaofei , Wei Peipei , Zhang Xin , Yan Tao , Zheng Gangfeng , Zhang Wenwei
Published: December 2020

To prevent the occurrence of temperature cracking, the induced joints of dams are typically arranged to reduce the tensile strength and orderly guide the crack to form at an induced joint, which can protect the dam structure. The state of the joint surface and the equivalent strength and arrangement of the induced joints have important practical significance for preventing the disorderly cracking of the dam. In this study, the concrete strength, inducer spacing, and concrete age were considered as variable conditions to perform axial tension tests on roller compacted concrete (RCC) bidirectional induced joints. A finite element software was used for numerical simulation, and the simulation results were compared with the experimental results. The equivalent strength of the RCC induced joints increased with the spacing of the induced joints, but the rate of increase gradually declined. The equivalent strength of the RCC induced joints rapidly increased in the early stage, but the strength weakening degree was different at different concrete ages. The strength weakening degree of the induced joint section decreased as the concrete strength increased. These results provide a reference for the setting of induced joints in practical engineering.
A Modified Asymmetric Bouc–Wen Model-Based Decoupling Control of an XY Piezoactuated Compliant Platform with Coupled Hysteresis Characteristics
Authors: Zhou Xubin , Chen Weidong , Xiao Qing , Kong Xiangsen , Liu Xingtian , Zhou Liping , Dong Yichong , Zhang Quan
Published: December 2020

Due to the inherent hysteresis characteristics of the smart material, the positioning accuracy of the piezo-driven manipulator was always decreased. Especially in multi-degrees-of-freedom (MDOFs) compliant manipulators driven by multismart actuators, the cross-coupled hysteresis among MDOFs decreased the positioning accuracy of such compliant platforms significantly. In this paper, the hysteresis feature identification and coupled hysteresis compensation of a piezo-driven XY manipulator was investigated. To establish the hysteresis characteristics of the piezo-driven manipulator, a modified Bouc–Wen model has been proposed, and a Genetic Algorithm-based Particle Swarm Optimization (GA-PSO) was adopted to recognize the parameters of the model. To improve the output performances of the manipulator, the decoupling controller of the XY micromanipulator was designed, and the driven voltages were modified using the estimated coupling displacements. The experiments validated that the modified Bouc–Wen model featured the ability to present the hysteresis process effectively, and the maximum prediction errors are 0.19 μm and 0.16 μm in the two directions separately. The coupled hysteresis displacement before and after implementing the decoupling controller in the X-direction was reduced from 0.56 μm to 0.15 μm, and the coupling effect is reduced by 73.2%, while in the Y-direction, the coupling effect was also decreased by 72.9%.
Improving the Performance of Whale Optimization Algorithm through OpenCL-Based FPGA Accelerator
Authors: Jiang Qiangqiang , Guo Yuanjun , Yang Zhile , Wang Zheng , Yang Dongsheng , Zhou Xianyu
Published: December 2020

Whale optimization algorithm (WOA), known as a novel nature-inspired swarm optimization algorithm, demonstrates superiority in handling global continuous optimization problems. However, its performance deteriorates when applied to large-scale complex problems due to rapidly increasing execution time required for huge computational tasks. Based on interactions within the population, WOA is naturally amenable to parallelism, prompting an effective approach to mitigate the drawbacks of sequential WOA. In this paper, field programmable gate array (FPGA) is used as an accelerator, of which the high-level synthesis utilizes open computing language (OpenCL) as a general programming paradigm for heterogeneous System-on-Chip. With above platform, a novel parallel framework of WOA named PWOA is presented. The proposed framework comprises two feasible parallel models called partial parallel and all-FPGA parallel, respectively. Experiments are conducted by performing WOA on CPU and PWOA on OpenCL-based FPGA heterogeneous platform, to solve ten well-known benchmark functions. Meanwhile, other two classic algorithms including particle swarm optimization (PSO) and competitive swarm optimizer (CSO) are adopted for comparison. Numerical results show that the proposed approach achieves a promising computational performance coupled with efficient optimization on relatively large-scale complex problems.
Solid Particle Erosion of a Limestone Target Surface under Controlled Conditions
Authors: Sanna Anna Laura , Pia Giorgio , Delogu Francesco
Published: December 2020

This work focuses on the erodent capability of yttria‐stabilized zirconia beads impacting on a limestone target surface. The target surface was used as the cap of a hardened steel vial clamped on a SPEX Mixer/Mill 8000. The vial three‐dimensional swing results in repeated bead impacts that cause the material removal from the target surface. The mass loss varies linearly with the number of beads, which allowed estimating the mass lost per bead per impact. It amounts approximately to 70 ng, a value that compares fairly well with the one of about 80 ng estimated from the volume of the indents left on the target surface by individual impacts. Experimental findings indicate that the methodology developed can be reliably utilized to investigate solid particle erosion under highly reproducible and controllable experimental conditions.
Nutrient Sensor mTOR and OGT: Orchestrators of Organelle Homeostasis in Pancreatic β-Cells
Authors: Esch Nicholas , Jo Seokwon , Moore Mackenzie , Alejandro Emilyn U.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this review is to integrate the role of nutrient-sensing pathways into β-cell organelle dysfunction prompted by nutrient excess during type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D encompasses chronic hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and inflammation, which each contribute to β-cell failure. These factors can disrupt the function of critical β-cell organelles, namely, the ER, mitochondria, lysosomes, and autophagosomes. Dysfunctional organelles cause defects in insulin synthesis and secretion and activate apoptotic pathways if homeostasis is not restored. In this review, we will focus on mTORC1 and OGT, two major anabolic nutrient sensors with important roles in β-cell physiology. Though acute stimulation of these sensors frequently improves β-cell function and promotes adaptation to cell stress, chronic and sustained activity disturbs organelle homeostasis. mTORC1 and OGT regulate organelle function by influencing the expression and activities of key proteins, enzymes, and transcription factors, as well as by modulating autophagy to influence clearance of defective organelles. In addition, mTORC1 and OGT activity influence islet inflammation during T2D, which can further disrupt organelle and β-cell function. Therapies for T2D that fine-tune the activity of these nutrient sensors have yet to be developed, but the important role of mTORC1 and OGT in organelle homeostasis makes them promising targets to improve β-cell function and survival.
Experimental Study and Reliability Analysis of Flexural Capacity of RC Beams Reinforced with 600 MPa Grade Steel
Authors: Yao Xianhua , Zhang Yulong , Guan Junfeng , Li Lielie , Liu Haichao , Han Ruicong , Xi Junyi
Published: December 2020

Flexural capacity of beams reinforced with 400 or 500 MPa grade steel can be accurately estimated by using equations provided in design codes. Recently, 600 MPa grade steel has evolved in the construction industry, and the applicability of existing equations for this grade of steel should be verified by performing experimental investigation. By conducting tests on concrete beams reinforced with 600 MPa grade high‐strength steel, this study investigates the flexural performance for different concrete strength grades and different reinforcement ratios. Flexural capacities of concrete beams reinforced with 400 MPa, 500 MPa, and 600 MPa grade steel are analyzed based on equations in various codes and based on experimental studies in the literature. Furthermore, this study performs reliability analysis and verifies the three design values of 600 MPa grade steel yield strength in relation to the experimental performance and recommends the appropriate design values of 600 MPa grade steel yield strength. Research results show that when the measured values of yield strength of the steel bars and concrete strength are used, the ratio of the measured failure moment value to the calculated value for various beams based on different codes is nearly 1.0, demonstrating the high degree of fitting. Finally, the reliability analysis shows that the design yield strength of the 600 MPa grade high‐strength steel bars should be taken as 520 MPa.
The Hydrogeochemical Stratigraphy of Brines and Its Implications on Water Management in the Central Jordan-Dead Sea Rift Valley, Israel
Authors: Rosenthal Eliahu , Möller Peter , Buch-Leviatan Orna , Politi Moshe
Published: December 2020

The exploratory borehole Megiddo-Jezre’el 1 (MJ1) was drilled in Israel, in the Bet She’an Valley which branches out from the Central Jordan Rift. It reached the depth of 5060 m and bottomed within the Upper Triassic Mohilla Fm. Following the increase of groundwater exploitation, the Cl- concentrations increased and ionic ratios changed indicating inflow of Ca2+-Cl- brines, the origins of which were hitherto unknown. Data from the new MJ1 borehole revealed that rock porosities decrease with depth. Lowermost values of about 3% were interpreted from logs in Lower Jurassic and Triassic strata. The highest shut-in pressures were measured in the Upper Jurassic sequence raising the water much higher than the ground surface. Along the drilled section, there is a continuous downward increase in Cl- concentrations in the range of 12-186 g Cl-/l and a very clear stratification of brines. Data from the MJ1 borehole and from other exploration wells indicate that in the subsurface of the area, there are two definite source brines: Triassic brine and the Late Tertiary (so-called) Rift brine. Brines encountered in Jurassic and Cretaceous beds represent ancient mixtures of the two source brines involving various water-rock chemical transformations. Evidence of very high pressures in deep boreholes Devora 2A, Rosh Pinna 1, and MJ1 revealed the existence of a mechanism in which the deep brines are “piston-driven” upwards and possibly also laterally. The ongoing salinization of groundwater in the area is due to the inflow of the Late Tertiary Ca2+-Cl- Rift brines and not that of the Jurassic or Triassic brines. The hydrogeological and hydrochemical data from borehole MJ1 is of major importance for the management of groundwater resources in the Central Jordan Rift Valley and in the adjacent geologically connected areas.
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-Proline Hydroxylase Inhibitor in the Treatment of Renal Anemia
Authors: Hu Xiaofan , Xie Jingyuan , Chen Nan
Published: December 2020

Background: Anemia is a common complication in CKD patients. Despite the use of iron and erythropoietin-stimulating agents, the control rate of anemia in CKD is not satisfying. Novel drugs are needed for anemia correction. Summary: HIF-PHI, hypoxia-inducible factor-proline hydroxylase inhibitor, a novel class of therapeutic agents, has been developed to treat anemia in CKD patients. Its main effects comprised boosting EPO production, enhancing iron utilization, and suppressing hepcidin production. Several stage 2 and stage 3 clinical trials have been run to test its efficacy and safety in both nondialysis and dialysis patients, of which the results are very encouraging. Here, we summarize the mechanism, clinical applications, and clinical trials of HIF-PHI in treating renal anemia in order to give an overview of the new drug in clinical practices. Key Messages: HIF-PHI is a novel therapeutic agent of treating renal anemia in CKD patients. It is quite effective in improving anemia, which is unaffected by inflammation. Besides, it may ameliorate lipid metabolism as well. Furthermore, the oral form may improve patients’ compliances with treatment. Thus, it may be a good alternative of anemia correction in CKD patients.
Hepatic Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor Detected in the Fetal Period That Caused an Oncologic Emergency
Authors: Kato Hirotaka , Mitani Yasuyuki , Goda Taro , Ueno Masaki , Hayami Shinya , Tsujimoto Hiroshi , Kounami Shinji , Ichikawa Takayuki , Yamaue Hiroki
Published: December 2020

A huge abdominal cystic lesion with ascites was detected in a male neonate at 31 weeks of gestation. Increasing ascites and the appearance of subcutaneous edema were detected, which caused fetal hydrops. The patient was delivered by emergency cesarean section at 33 weeks of gestation. The birth weight was 2,407 g, and the Apgar score was 8/9 points (1-/5-min values). Breathing at birth was stable, but the patient presented with remarkable abdominal distention due to the ascites. Later, the patient presented with tachypnea, and breathing gradually worsened, so an emergency operation was performed. There were no intraoperative findings within the small intestine, but there was a large amount of ascites and a cystic mass arising from the liver. The patient’s breathing and circulation dynamics could only be stabilized by ascites removal, so only a tumor biopsy was performed. The pathological findings led to the diagnosis of an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, and steroids were administered early after surgery for the purpose of an anti-inflammatory effect and tumor shrinkage. The abdominal distention was alleviated, and blood examinations showed a reduced inflammatory response. There was no apparent shrinkage of the tumor, however; thus, radical surgical treatment was performed on day 24. The postoperative course was uneventful, so the patient was discharged on day 36. Seven years after the operation there has been no recurrence or distant metastasis.
Technical Reading and Writing Skills and Their Relationship with Linguistic Processes in Children with a Cleft (Lip and) Palate: A Comparison with Peers
Authors: Alighieri Cassandra , Bettens Kim , Adriaansen Anke , Nevenjans Eline , Malfroid Anke , Van Lierde Kristiane
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Poor word decoding skills and writing skills can impact job opportunities and psychosocial functioning. Despite the importance of identifying possible literacy problems for the child’s future performance, there seems to be no consensus on this topic in children with a cleft of the palate with or without a cleft of the lip (CP±L). The aim of this study was to investigate reading and writing skills and their relationship with linguistic processes in Dutch-speaking children with a CP±L compared to a group of children without a CP±L. Methods: Twelve children with a CP±L and 12 children without a CP±L (age range 7–12 years) were included in the study. The 2 groups were matched based on age, gender, and socioeconomic status. An assessment battery including language, reading, and writing tests was administered to both groups. Results: No statistically significant differences in reading and writing skills were found when comparing children with and without a CP±L. Interestingly, a moderate correlation was found between the children’s reading skills and phonological awareness. Moderate correlations were also revealed between writing skills and several working memory tasks. Discussion/Conclusion: Our findings did not provide evidence for any difference in word decoding skills and writing skills between children with a CP±L and their peers. Some linguistic processes, more specifically phonological awareness and working memory, are important factors that contribute to the child’s literacy development. Identification of these linguistic skills can provide important information on the child’s future reading and writing performance. Future studies should increase sample sizes to confirm these results.
Office-Based Sinus Surgery for Cystic Fibrosis Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Spielman Daniel B. , Gudis David A.
Published: December 2020

Objective: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is nearly ubiquitous in the cystic fibrosis (CF) population, and many patients require multiple endoscopic sinus surgeries throughout their lifetime. Recent studies have demonstrated the profound pulmonary and systemic health benefits of comprehensive CRS treatment. Both endotracheal intubation with mechanical ventilation and inpatient hospital care represent significant risks for CF patients. The goal of this study is to evaluate the safety and feasibility of performing revision endoscopic sinus surgery for CF patients in the outpatient office setting using only local anesthesia to decrease the need for mechanical ventilation and inpatient hospitalization. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study conducted at a tertiary care academic medical center with a CF Foundation-accredited care center. Patients with CF and refractory CRS despite prior surgery and medical therapy were eligible for inclusion. Comprehensive revision ESS was performed in the office using only local anesthesia. Results: Five patients were enrolled and underwent revision endoscopic sinus surgery without complication. The average preoperative Sinonasal-Outcome Test-22 score was 52.0 ± 12.1 and the average preoperative Lund-Mackay score was 15.2 ± 3.8. No patients requested aborting the procedure early due to pain, discomfort, or any other reason. No subjects required prolonged observation or postoperative hospital admission. Conclusion: This prospective pilot study is the first to demonstrate the safety and feasibility of performing comprehensive revision endoscopic sinus surgery for CF patients in the outpatient office setting using only local anesthesia.
Decreased Incidence of Oncology Admissions in 75 Helios Hospitals in Germany during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Reichardt Peter , Bollmann Andreas , Hohenstein Sven , Glass Bertram , Untch Michael , Reichardt Annette , Amrein Daniel , Kuhlen Ralf
Published: December 2020

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic lead to a massive shutdown of social life in Germany starting in March 2020. Elective medical treatment was substantially reduced but urgent diagnostics and treatment including cancer care should not have been affected. Materials and Methods: We analyzed the number of oncology admissions to 75 German Helios hospitals during 2 time periods in 2020 and compared the data with the respective periods in 2019. The study included nearly 69,000 admissions in total. Results: A highly significant reduction in overall cancer admissions was seen for the early lockdown period from 13 March to 28 April 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. After an official communication advising the health system to return to normal practice on 29 April 2020, we again found a highly significant difference in admissions compared to the respective time in the previous year. Subgroup analysis shows a significant impact of age >75 years, high hospital volume, and intermediate or high COVID-19 case volume in the federal states. Gender had no impact on admission numbers. The effects and significance levels were comparable in nearly all different diagnostic subgroups according to the ICD codes. Conclusions: For cancer diagnosis and treatment, we found a statistically significant decrease in hospital admissions in the range of 10–20% for both study periods in comparison to the previous year.
Uma abordagem histórico-crítica do Design Inteligente e sua chegada ao Brasil
Authors: Hentges Cristiano Roberto , Araújo Aldo Mellender de
Published: December 2020

Este artigo apresenta uma breve história do movimento criacionista representado hoje pelos defensores do Design inteligente (DI). Estes se colocam como proponentes de uma teoria científica em confronto explícito com os defensores da teoria da evolução biológica. Discute dois conceitos neocriacionistas mediante críticas que lhes foram feitas por evolucionistas. Com o objetivo de retomar momentos históricos relevantes, relata brevemente as principais disputas jurídicas entre o criacionismo e a teoria da evolução biológica que ocorreram nos Estados Unidos ao longo do século XX, caracterizando algumas das estratégias utilizadas de ambos os lados do confronto. Levando em conta o estabelecimento de um centro de pesquisa de design inteligente em 2017, procura apontar outras ações recentes voltadas à inclusão do criacionismo no currículo da escola básica no país, notadamente, dois projetos de lei em nível federal. O artigo também analisa entrevistas de alguns defensores do design inteligente com o objetivo de identificar estratégias de seus argumentos. Conclui-se que os conceitos defendidos pelos proponentes do design inteligente não têm correspondência com as evidências científicas discutidas por eles, o que torna ilegítima a pretensão de cientificidade alegada. Estima-se ainda que a comunidade acadêmica deve posicionar-se franca e ativamente em defesa do ensino da teoria da evolução biológica, teoria consensual e cientificamente exclusiva que fundamenta os estudos da vida.
Exposição a agentes químicos no trabalho no Brasil: resultados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, 2013
Authors: Assunção Ada Ávila , Abreu Mery Natali Silva , Souza Priscila Sílvia Nunes
Published: December 2020

OBJETIVO: Descrever os fatores associados e a prevalência de exposição autorrelatada a substâncias químicas no trabalho em uma amostra de adultos brasileiros que participaram da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, realizada entre 2013 e 2014. MÉTODOS: A amostra para análise da exposição foi constituída por trabalhadores com 18 anos ou mais de idade que responderam à questão E1 do módulo E: “Na semana de 21 a 27 de julho de 2013 (semana de referência), você trabalhou ou estagiou, durante pelo menos uma hora, em alguma atividade remunerada em dinheiro?” Os dados sociodemográficos, situação e comportamentos de saúde foram analisados com regressão logística binária uni e multivariada. O modelo foi ajustado pelas variáveis de todos os blocos, adotando-se o nível de significância de 5%. Obtiveram-se os valores de odds ratio (OR) e respectivos intervalos de confiança. RESULTADOS: Mulheres (OR = 0,74; IC95% 0,66–0,82) tiveram menor chance de exposição a substâncias químicas. As maiores chances foram observadas nos grupos com nível fundamental de instrução ou sem instrução (OR = 1,77; IC95% 1,50–2,08), nível médio de instrução (OR = 1,62; IC95% 1,37–1,91), idade entre 25 e 54 anos (OR = 1,26; IC95% 1,07–1,48), fumantes atuais (OR = 1,21; IC95% 1,07–1,37), com problemas de cansaço (OR = 1,35; IC95% 1,21–1,50), com dificuldade auditiva (OR = 1,24; IC95% 1,04–1,48) e que relataram ter sofrido acidente de trabalho (OR = 2,00; IC95% 1,57–2,54). CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados inéditos abrangem o conjunto da força de trabalho. Associações positivas com cansaço, dificuldade auditiva, acidentes de trabalho e tabagismo, assim como a associação inversa com o nível de escolaridade, além das diferenças de gênero, são consistentes. A ausência de associação com asma foi surpreendente. A fim de preencher lacunas nas investigações sobre doenças crônicas não transmissíveis em adultos, sugere-se aperfeiçoar o instrumento da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde na dimensão ocupacional.
DESCRITORES: Exposição Ocupacional. Compostos Químicos. Condições de Trabalho. Saúde do Trabalhador. Inquéritos Epidemiológicos. Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde.
JOINT ATTENTION AND THE MENTAL MODEL OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH ATYPICAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Smirnova Yana K.
Published: December 2020

Relevance. The article discusses the relationship between the development of joint (shared) attention of a child with an adult, and the social and cognitive development of the child. Based on previous studies of typically developing children that demonstrate their participation and responsiveness to fundamental social characteristics, it is significant to identify manifestations of atypical joint attention when a child does not register which object (event) or which aspects of this object (event) are the focus of an interlocutor’s attention. The question of which aspects of joint attention are related to the normative development of the child makes this relevant for comparing groups with different forms of atypical development. For the study, the main indicator of understanding the intentions of the other in the direction of view was used, as one of the aspects of joint attention. Objective. To compare the development of social cognition and joint attention among typically developing children and children with various forms of atypical development in order to identify the correlation between the theory of mind and cognitive lesion. Methods. In a sample of preschool children with typical development and of those with mental retardation, hearing impairment, speech impairment, or visual impairment (N = 90), the following methods were used to evaluate the children’s understanding of the intentions, desires, and interests of others by their behavioral manifestations: “Test for Erroneous Opinion”, “Sally-Ann”; the “What does Charlie want?” task, and others. The task was also used to assess the child’s ability to use the direction of a character’s gaze in a picture to determine the person’s intentions. Results. We identified the “primary psychological” characteristics of the atypical development of the child, which prioritize violations of social communication. Several variations of the violation of joint attention were singled out by determining a person’s intentions by the direction of their gaze. It was shown that determining intentions by the direction of gaze is associated with the normative age formation of the child. Symptoms of deficiency in this skill vary depending on the specifics of the child’s atypical development. Conclusions. Secondary deviations in the development of social cognition are specific to a particular primary defect. The limited inflow of information in the event of a violation of the analyzer creates unusual conditions in the children’s accumulation of the experience of social interaction that is necessary to form a mental model.
DEVIANT ECONOMIC IDENTITY IN CHILDHOOD AND ADOLESCENCE: PROBLEM STATEMENT
Authors: Alexandrova Yulya Yu. , Korobanova Janna V. , Priazhnikov Nikolaj S. , Priazhnikova Elena Yu. , Markina Olga S.
Published: December 2020

Relevance of current research is determined by insufficient focus on the prevention of deviant economic socialization in children and adolescents in the conditions of high uncertainty of socio-economic prospects for Russian society and high risks of economic shocks. Objective. To justify the importance of prevention of deviant economic identity at the stage of formation of the “economic ethos of culture” in the senior preschool age and the subsequent “technological ethos of culture” in primary school age and adolescence and to determine the main directions of prevention. Method. Theoretical and methodological analysis, comparative and critical analysis, as means of clarifying the concept of “deviant economic identity” and defining its place in the context of such close concepts as “economic socialization,” “economic deviance,” “professional identity” etc.. Results. The concept of “deviant economic identity” is clarified. It is understood as the association of a person not only with a given economic activity or specific professionals (as role models to follow), but also with values and ideological positions underlying such activities. The “paradoxicality” of deviance can be a discrepancy between the norms of a particular society and general cultural norms, as well as the discrepancy between the generally accepted ideas about deviance and ideas about the deviance by the particular individual or group (at the level of families, collectives), which often provokes an identity crisis. Conclusions. Psychological and educational work with children and adolescents in order to prevent deviant economic identity is especially important because of the susceptibility of this age to socially dubious variants of economic relations and weak propaganda of worthy examples of economic behavior in the society. The article highlights the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the emergence, development and prevention of deviant economic identity in children and adolescents, which can be used in the psychological practice, associated not only with an orientation towards established values, but also with the culture (method) of the search for these values.
PECULIARITIES OF MORAL DISENGAGEMENT MECHANISMS REALIZATION IN ADOLESCENCE
Authors: Molchanov Sergey V. , Almazova Olga V.
Published: December 2020

Relevance. The spread of deviant behavior and violations of moral norms by adolescents increases in the transitive informational society with high variability of socialization forms and moral standards. These violations are declaratively accepted by teenagers while they maintain a positive moral self-esteem. The implementation of behavior that goes beyond the boundaries of accepted moral standards indicates a violation of moral self-regulation associated with a special attitude to one’s act according to the type of moral alienation. A. Bandura proposed a model to justify immoral behavior where moral disengagement mechanisms are highlighted, providing support for positive self-esteem and self-respect. The selected moral disengagement mechanisms are actively used in adolescents to explain their own and other people’s immoral behavior. Objective: to determine the characteristics of the preferences of moral disengagement mechanisms in adolescence and youth. Research goals: analysis of preferences of the moral disengagement mechanisms, age dynamics analysis of moral disengagement mechanisms, gender differences analysis of preferences of the moral disengagement mechanisms, analysis of the psychometric parameters of the questionnaire of moral disengagement mechanisms. The following methods were used in the study: the method of moral disengagement mechanisms by S. Moore in the Russian-language adaptation by Ledova Ya.A. and colleagues, the methodology “Justice and care” (author S.V. Molchanov). Participants. The study involved 551 adolescents aged 14 to 17 where 346 (62.8%) were boys and 205 (37.2%) were girls. It also surveyed 230 senior students of universities. The following results were obtained: the characteristics of preferences were analyzed and a hierarchy of mechanisms of moral disengagement mechanisms was identified; various groups were distinguished by the nature of preferences of moral disengagement mechanisms; age dynamics of preferences of moral disengagement mechanisms were determined ;gender differences in the preferences of moral disengagement mechanisms are highlighted; the psychometric parameters of the used methodology were analyzed; the possibilities of its use was demonstrated.
RUSSIAN ADAPTATION AND VALIDATION OF THE “MULTIDIMENSIONAL SCHOOL ENGAGEMENT SCALE”
Authors: Fomina Tatiana G. , Morosanova Varvara I.
Published: December 2020

Relevance. Research in the field of educational psychology is impossible without reliable and effective psycho-diagnostics methods for assessing students’ motivational, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral characteristics. Objective. The article describes results of adaptation and validation of the Russian version of “Multidimensional School Engagement Scale” (Wang et al., 2019). School engagement is seen as the sustainable, purposeful, active participation of students in their school life manifested at the behavioral, emotional, cognitive, and social levels. Methods. A psychometric assessment of the method was carried out on a sample of the 6–11 grade students of Russian secondary schools (N = 687). In the process of adapting the questionnaire for Russian-speaking students, a direct and reverse translation of the questions was carried out and the factor structure of the questionnaire was investigated using confirmatory factor analysis, factor validity of the model invariance depending on gender, scales’ internal consistency and external validity was also checked. Results. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that original bi-factor structure of the questionnaire was preserved identifying two global factors: engagement and disengagement (χ2 (563) = 1252.66; p = 0.00; CFI = 0.938; GFI = 0.907; RMSEA = 0.042). The scales of the questionnaire have a sufficiently high reliability according to the internal consistency of their points (Alpha Cronbach from 0.63 to 0.90). The number of questions included in the Russian version corresponds to the original version of the questionnaire. Conclusions. The study results confirmed the relevancy of considering engagement a multidimensional construct including an assessment of behavioral, emotional, cognitive, and social aspects. The questionnaire can be used on the samples of students in grades 5 to 11. The article contains the text of the questionnaire, instructions and key
SUBJECTIVE PICTURE OF MOTHERHOOD IN RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN STUDIES
Authors: Kulikov Leonid V. , Malyonova Arina Yu. , Potapova YuliaV.
Published: December 2020

The relevance of the article is due to the fact that the variety of research approaches and data obtained make it difficult to form a holistic picture of motherhood as a phenomenon of a woman’s inner world. Scientific ideas about motherhood present a necessary basis for the formation of the demographic policy of the state, for the strengthening of family values in society and for the education of young people. The purpose of the article is to analyze and summarize modern studies concerning various aspects of the subjective picture of motherhood, to identify its main components, to comparatively analyze the determinants of the formation of a picture of motherhood, to describe the diversity in the ideas of motherhood. As a result of the analysis of Russian and foreign studies, the similarities and differences in the interpretations of many aspects of motherhood and the conditionality of the subjective picture of motherhood by a number of socio-cultural factors are described. The leading factors of readiness for motherhood, connection with childhood experiences, social ideas about motherhood, cultural and historical context of family life are reviewed. The article describes the woman’s ideas about herself as a future mother, emphasizes the influence of relationships and emotional atmosphere in the parental family, the importance of identification with her own mother and her position in child-parent relationships. The peculiarities of accepting the role of the mother, the reasons for the deviations from the main role and conflicts of a woman as a result of the discrepancy between her behavior and the established (by society, others, family members, herself) role models are highlighted. Attention is payed to the results of empirical studies showing the possibility of harmonious coordination of a woman’s maternal self-realization with other forms of self-realization. It is concluded that cultural traditions, the dominant value orientations in society, ideas about personal success, career, well-being have a significant impact on the subjective picture of motherhood but interpersonal relationships in a close social environment are of predominant importance. The subjective picture of motherhood can be viewed as part of a woman’s attitude and worldview. It changes under the influence of life plans and circumstances, numerous external and internal factors.
EQUIVALENCE OF WORD TEST AND CONSONANT-VOWEL SYLLABLES TEST OF DICHOTIC LISTENING
Authors: Muromtseva Tamara S. , Kovyazina Mariya S.
Published: December 2020

Relevance. Development and improvement of methodological tools to solve scientific and practical problems is an important issue in modern neuropsychology. This study examines consonant-vowel (СV) syllable test and word test, considers their different functional orientation and shows relevance of the dichotic listening task development. For the first time in Russian neuropsychology the authors developed the dichotic listening consonant-vowel syllables test taking into account the phonetic features of the Russian language. Objective. Comparison of the equivalence of two dichotic listening tests: the word test that was first tested by B. S. Kotik and the two CV-syllable dichotic listening tests. Method. Two groups of respondents participated in the study. The first group of the participants (N = 88; M = 21.08; SD = 2.32) performed the word test and the first CV-syllable test. Participants of the second group (N = 44; M = 24.52; SD = 1.86) were presented with the word test and the second version of CV-syllable dichotic listening test. Results. The results confirmed the differences between the word test and the two CV-syllable dichotic listening tests. The differences and nonequivalence of the word test and the CV-syllable tests in laterality index (LI) and productivity coefficients (general productivity, right- and left-ear accuracy scores) are amplified as the stimulus material of CV-syllable dichotic listening is improved and modified. The increase of the load on working memory enhances right ear advantage (LI) and reduces performance with an increase in the influence of working memory on the results of dichotic listening. Conclusion. The study shows nonequivalence of the word test and the CV-syllable tests and their different functional orientation for the estimation of hemispheric specialization in audio-verbal domain.
Letters from ‘Glaucos’: The Correspondence of Guy Debord during the Portuguese Revolution
Authors: Noronha Ricardo
Published: December 2020

Guy Debord, founder of the Situationist International and filmmaker, kept a meticulous record of his correspondence between 1951 and 1994. Published by Fayard, the fifth volume of the correspondence includes several letters signed ‘Glaucos’ (a character from the Iliad), which were sent to Afonso Monteiro, Gianfranco Sanguinetti, Eduardo Rothe, and Jaime Semprún. In those letters, Debord developed several analyses of the ‘Carnation Revolution’, arguing that ‘the Portuguese proletariat’ had gone ‘further than the May 1968 movement’. Debord initially supported a local group called Conselho para o Desenvolvimento da Revolução Social, but he would later criticise it for not taking sufficient action. He also encouraged Jaime Semprún to write La Guerre Social au Portugal, a book published by Éditions Champ Libre in May 1975. This article analyses Debord’s correspondence in 1974 and 1975, offering a critical assessment of how he related to the revolutionary situation in Portugal.
A Blurred Piece of Jigsaw: On the Status of Jobseekers within the Framework of Directive 2004/38
Authors: Babayev Rufat
Published: December 2020

This article explores the status of jobseeker in Directive 2004/38 that is aimed to simplify and strengthen the right of free movement and residence of all Union citizens. Unlike the categories of economically active and inactive persons, Directive 2004/38 employs a somewhat piecemeal approach towards setting out the status of jobseekers. It is submitted that this leads to much uncertainty over their residence rights and raises the prospect of divergent national implementation measures, leaving much leeway for the adoption of stringent approaches. While this is manifested itself, for instance, in the UK’s policy towards Union jobseekers, it is also particularly salient within the framework of the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement that authorises a constitutive approach to post-Brexit residence status, which is shown to carry a greater risk for UK nationals residing in EU Member States. Both instances are argued to further substantiate the need for a more systematic approach towards the outline of the status of jobseeker in Directive 2004/38, though the introduction of any legislative change may not currently be politically viable.
Entangling Medieval Emotions and Gender in Mediterranean History
Authors: Cassidy-Welch Megan
Published: December 2020

This essay introduces a group of essays that together explore the entanglement of gender and emotions in the medieval period, with a special interest in the Mediterranean. Focusing on the practices of crusading, pilgrimage, friendship and diplomacy from the twelfth to the fifteenth century, the essays reveal some of the many modes of human connection across the Mediterranean and beyond. These connections were informed by multiple factors – political, economic, social, religious and cultural. Considering the interplay of gender and emotions deepens our understanding of the complexity of the Mediterranean world and gives us fresh insights into the relationships that stretched across the sea itself, its many and diverse communities, and its cultures of belief and thought.
Capitalism, Christianity, and Slavery: Jesuits in New Spain, 1572–1767
Authors: Tutino John
Published: December 2020

The Jesuits arrived in New Spain in the 1570s and soon became participants in a dynamic world of silver capitalism at the center of the early modern global economy. They launched money-making enterprises to sustain their missions, churches, and schools (colegios) that relied upon enslaved African producers alongside indigenous workers in complex labor arrangements. The diversity of labor at the Jesuit-run Santa Lucía and Xochimancas estates contrast with the heavier reliance on enslaved African labor at Jesuit sugar plantations in Brazil. The article analyzes a key eighteenth-century Jesuit text, the Instrucciones a los hermanos jesuitas administradores de haciendas, to show how the Jesuits in New Spain conceived of their management of enslaved people and negotiated the contradictions between the spiritual and secular challenges of the boom era of silver capitalism.