bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Staining, Glazing and Polishing on the Survival Probability of Monolithic Zirconia Crowns
Authors: Fiorin Lívia , Poole Stephanie Francoi , Oliveira Paulo Eduardo Barros Souza , Faria Adriana Claudia Lapria , Ribeiro Ricardo Faria , Rodrigues Renata Cristina Silveira
Published: September 2024

Objective

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of staining, glazing, and polishing on the survival probability of monolithic crowns manufactured with preshaded stabilized zirconia with 5 mol% of yttrium oxide (5Y‐TZP).

Materials and Methods

Monolithic crowns in the shape of an upper canine (1.5 mm of thickness) were manufactured by CAD/CAM, adhesively cemented on metallic foundation, and divided into 6 groups (n = 21): C (control), S (staining), G (glazing), P (polishing), SG (staining and glazing), and SP (staining and polishing). The survival probability was determined by step‐stress accelerated life testing with a load applied to the palatine concavity of the crown. First, the specimens were subjected to a single‐load to fracture test (SLF) and next to the fatigue test (5 Hz, thermocycling immersed in water varying 5–55°C), including the light (n = 9), moderate (n = 6), and aggressive (n = 3) loading profiles (load ranged between 20% and 60% of SLF). The survival probability was calculated considering the cycles for failure (CFF) and fatigue failure load (FFL) and illustrated using a Kaplan–Meier graph. The comparison among groups was performed using a Log‐Rank test (α = 0.05).

Results

The mean value of SLF was 586.7 N. There was no difference among groups in survival probability, considering CFF and FFL.

Conclusion

Staining, glazing, and polishing can be performed safely without damaging the mechanical behavior of 5Y‐TZP monolithic crowns.

Clinical Significance

Staining is used to characterize and improve the esthetic of zirconia monolithic crowns. It can be used to reproduce the color gradient in the cervical region of the crown and pigmented grooves. This study showed that staining, glazing, and polishing did not affect the survival probability and the use of finishing procedures (glazing or polishing) after staining did not improve the survival probability of zirconia monolithic crowns.
Systems intelligence and families
Authors: Doherty William J.
Published: September 2024

In a world of increasing complexity, I propose that the concept of emotional intelligence is limited for understanding how people manage their family relationships and interactions with community systems. I review the background of the emotional intelligence concept and point out its limitations for dealing with multilateral relationships. I define systems intelligence as the capacity to effectively interact in multilateral relationships, including families, work groups, and social institutions. Systems intelligence encompasses the understanding of interpersonal systems, and the practical ability to act constructively in those systems. I also make a distinction between competency in dyadic relationships (relational intelligence) and competency in multilateral relationships (systems intelligence), and I illustrate systems intelligence with respect to stepfamilies and families' relationships with health‐care professionals. A principal implication for the family field is to move beyond a focus on dyads (parent/child and couple) to include multilateral relationships that are intrinsic to family life.
School Perceptions and Attendance for Children With Medical Complexity During COVID‐19 Over Time
Authors: Coller Ryan J. , DeMuri Gregory P. , Eickhoff Jens C. , Singh‐Verdeflor Kristina , Warner Gemma , Butteris Sabrina M. , Ehlenbach Mary L. , Gerber Danielle , Katz Barbara , Koval Shawn , Kelly Michelle M.
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Disparities in school attendance exist for children with medical complexity (CMC) due to COVID‐19. Longitudinal changes in family‐reported school safety perceptions and predictors of full‐time, in‐person school attendance are unknown.

METHODS

This was a prospective, longitudinal cohort study with 3 survey waves (June 2021‐June 2022) among English‐ and Spanish‐speaking families of CMC aged 5 to 17 years and pre‐pandemic school attendance. Changes in Health Belief Model perceptions and full‐time in‐person school attendance were estimated using multivariate generalized linear modeling with repeated measures.

RESULTS

Among 1601 respondents (52.9% of 3073 invited), 86.8% participated in all 3 surveys. School safety perceptions improved with time; however, perceived susceptibility to COVID‐19 increased. Full‐time in‐person school attendance rose from 48.4% to 90.0% from wave 1 to 3 (p < .0001), and was associated with motivation, benefits, and cues. For example, families with low compared to high motivation for in‐person attendance had 76% versus 98% predicted probability for child's school attendance, respectively at wave 3 (p < .0001).

IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITY

Probability of full‐time in‐person school attendance was associated with several health belief model perceptions. School health policy and programs may benefit from promoting family motivation, benefits, and cues during future respiratory illness epidemics including COVID‐19.

CONCLUSIONS

In‐person school attendance improved for CMC over time. Opportunities exist to continue optimizing in‐person attendance and family‐perceived safety for CMC at school.
Magnetic resonance imaging findings in dogs with steroid‐responsive meningitis‐arteritis in the UK and their clinical significance: 53 cases (2013‐2021)
Authors: Jones B. A. , Agthe P. , Scarpante E. , Crawford A. , Black V. , Espadas I. , Formoso S. , Fraser A. R.
Published: September 2024

Objectives

To describe the MRI findings in a UK referral population of dogs with steroid‐responsive meningitis‐arteritis and to determine if they were associated with any specific clinical features or outcomes.

Materials and Methods

We performed a multi‐centre retrospective case series of dogs diagnosed with steroid‐responsive meningitis‐arteritis in the UK that underwent MRI. Blinded consensus review of the MRI studies was performed and the findings described. The presence or absence of specific MRI abnormalities were analysed for significant associations with presenting signs, results of investigations or case outcomes.

Results

Fifty‐three dogs were included. The most common MRI findings were paravertebral muscle changes (30/53; 56.6%), meningeal contrast enhancement (13/41; 31.7%) and spinal cord parenchymal T2‐W hyperintensity (15/53; 28.3%). Haemorrhage was observed in five of 53 (9.4%) cases – three intradural‐extramedullary, one intramedullary and one extradural. Following binary logistic regressions, T2‐W spinal cord parenchymal hyperintensity had a significant positive association with paresis/paralysis (odds ratio 14.86, 95% confidence interval 1.42 to 154.99) as did haemorrhage (odds ratio 16.12, confidence interval 2.05 to 126.73). Fifty‐two (98.1%) dogs survived to discharge. Relapse occurred in nine of 29 (31.0%) dogs with sufficient follow‐up, and no MRI finding had a significant relationship with its occurrence.

Clinical Significance

Magnetic resonance imaging findings for steroid‐responsive meningitis‐arteritis can be severe and extensive, as can the clinical presentation. The presence of paresis/paralysis should raise concern for haemorrhage, though most dogs still have a good prognosis.
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of continuous positive airway pressure treatment for obstructive sleep apnea in Singapore from a health system perspective
Authors: Meng Fanwen , Ang Gary Yee , Chang Ruth Rui Ying , Lee Chuen Peng , Tan Kelvin Bryan , Abisheganaden John Arputhan
Published: September 2024

This study assessed the cost‐effectiveness of continuous positive airway pressure treatment for obstructive sleep apnea in Singapore from a health system perspective. The analysis evaluated a 5‐year care pathway using a Markov model, considering per‐patient costs of treatment, health system cost savings of obstructive sleep apnea and attributed conditions, the effectiveness measured in disability‐adjusted life years with a discount rate of 3% and a weighted 5‐year continuous positive airway pressure adherence of 74.1% from Singapore studies. Per‐patient costs of treatment were from a large public hospital in Singapore. Efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure treatment, health system costs and disability‐adjusted life years were obtained from literature; costs are in US dollars. We conducted probabilistic sensitivity analysis, one‐way sensitivity analysis and what‐if analysis. Based on a willingness‐to‐pay threshold of US $50,000 per disability‐adjusted life year in USA, continuous positive airway pressure therapy was highly cost‐effective, with an incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio of $13,822 per disability‐adjusted life year averted. Compared with the annual total costs of $856 for patients with continuous positive airway pressure treatment diagnosed by an inpatient sleep study, the total costs for those diagnosed by a home sleep test were $625, resulting in a remarkable 27% reduction per patient per year. One‐way sensitivity analysis indicated that costs of treatment, effectiveness of continuous positive airway pressure treatment and adherence had a higher impact on the cost‐effectiveness of continuous positive airway pressure therapy. The what‐if analysis suggested that for continuous positive airway pressure treatment to be cost‐effective, adherence rate should be at least 16.1%. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers in making informed decisions on funding diagnosis and continuous positive airway pressure therapy within Singapore's healthcare system.
PRL1 interacts with and stabilizes RPA2A to regulate carbon deprivation‐induced senescence in Arabidopsis
Authors: Meng Jingjing , Zhou Wenhui , Mao Xinhao , Lei Pei , An Xue , Xue Hui , Qi Yafei , Yu Fei , Liu Xiayan
Published: September 2024

Leaf senescence is a developmental program regulated by both endogenous and environmental cues. Abiotic stresses such as nutrient deprivation can induce premature leaf senescence, which profoundly impacts plant growth and crop yield. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying stress‐induced senescence are not fully understood.

In this work, employing a carbon deprivation (C‐deprivation)‐induced senescence assay in Arabidopsis seedlings, we identified PLEIOTROPIC REGULATORY LOCUS 1 (PRL1), a component of the NineTeen Complex, as a negative regulator of C‐deprivation‐induced senescence.

Furthermore, we demonstrated that PRL1 directly interacts with the RPA2A subunit of the single‐stranded DNA‐binding Replication Protein A (RPA) complex. Consistently, the loss of RPA2A leads to premature senescence, while increased expression of RPA2A inhibits senescence. Moreover, overexpression of RPA2A reverses the accelerated senescence in prl1 mutants, and the interaction with PRL1 stabilizes RPA2A under C‐deprivation.

In summary, our findings reveal the involvement of the PRL1‐RPA2A functional module in C‐deprivation‐induced plant senescence.
Progressing beyond colonization strategies to understand arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal life history
Authors: Camenzind Tessa , Aguilar‐Trigueros Carlos A. , Heuck Meike K. , Maerowitz‐McMahan Solomon , Rillig Matthias C. , Cornwell Will K. , Powell Jeff R.
Published: September 2024

Knowledge of differential life‐history strategies in arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi is relevant for understanding the ecology of this group and its potential role in sustainable agriculture and carbon sequestration. At present, AM fungal life‐history theories often focus on differential investment into intra‐ vs extraradical structures among AM fungal taxa, and its implications for plant benefits. With this Viewpoint we aim to expand these theories by integrating a mycocentric economics‐ and resource‐based life‐history framework. As in plants, AM fungal carbon and nutrient demands are stoichiometrically coupled, though uptake of these elements is spatially decoupled. Consequently, investment in morphological structures for carbon vs nutrient uptake is not in competition. We argue that understanding the ecology and evolution of AM fungal life‐history trade‐offs requires increased focus on variation among structures foraging for the same element, that is within intra‐ or extraradical structures (in our view a ‘horizontal’ axis), not just between them (‘vertical’ axis). Here, we elaborate on this argument and propose a range of plausible life‐history trade‐offs that could lead to the evolution of strategies in AM fungi, providing testable hypotheses and creating opportunities to explain AM fungal co‐existence, and the context‐dependent effects of AM fungi on plant growth and soil carbon dynamics.
Parameters to assess the necessity of adjuvant therapy for early‐stage oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lu Hsueh‐Ju , Chiu Yu‐Wei , Peng Chih‐Yu , Tseng Hsien‐Chun , Hsin Chung‐Han , Chuang Chun‐Yi , Fan Sheng , Huang Wei‐Shiou , Yang Shun‐Fa
Published: September 2024

Objective

One‐third of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas are early‐stage oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas (OCSCC). Despite a high curative rate, 20% of early‐stage OCSCC patients do not achieve long‐term survival. This study evaluates the role of adjuvant therapy (ADJ) in delaying disease progression and prolonging survival.

Methods

This single‐institute retrospective cohort study enrolled 481 early‐stage OCSCC patients, 16% (78/481) of whom received ADJ. It was reported according to the STROBE guidelines. Cox proportional hazards regression and Kaplan–Meier survival curves were employed to identify suitable candidates for ADJ.

Results

The 5‐year locoregional recurrence‐free survival (LR‐RFS) and overall survival rates were 73.2% and 84.9%, respectively. Positive margins and advanced depth of invasion (DOI) were independent predictors of LR‐RFS. For patients with positive margins, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) was superior to adjuvant radiotherapy alone in improving LR‐RFS (hazard ratios for adjuvant CRT vs. none, 0.042; adjuvant radiotherapy alone vs. none, 0.702). Excluding positive margins, advanced DOI was the most critical factor in assessing the need for ADJ. Positive margins and advanced DOI were more appropriate criteria than EORTC 22931/RTOG 9501 for evaluating adjuvant CRT.

Conclusions

Adjuvant CRT was indicated for patients with positive margins and advanced DOI to improve survival outcomes.
What clinicians could consider in providing group interventions for people with cognitive impairments: a scoping review
Authors: Liu Karen P.Y. , Conroy Mannix , Clark Annemieke , Lim David
Published: September 2024

This study identified evidence and considerations for allied health clinicians in providing group interventions for people with cognitive impairment. A scoping review was conducted by searching the MEDLINE (Ovid), CINHAL (EBSCOhost), Scopus (Elsevier), Embase (Ovid) and TROVE databases from 2016. Articles of any study design in which group interventions were performed by an allied health professional with participants with cognitive impairment were included. Data on physical, cognitive, psychological, and quality of life measures were extracted from the selected articles. Standardised mean changes (SMC) were calculated. Ten articles were included in the study. No article directly compared group interventions versus one‐to‐one interventions. The results of the meta‐analysis showed significant improvements after the intervention in the physical (SMC = 0.42, P = 0.013), cognitive (SMC = 0.43, P = 0.005), psychological (SMC = 0.14, P = 0.005), and quality of life domains (SMC = 0.28, P = 0.002). This review identified considerations for clinicians when developing group interventions for people with cognitive impairments, including specific participant criteria, increasing support, modifications to intervention difficulty, and environmental considerations. Group intervention for people with cognitive impairments demonstrated moderate effectiveness in improving physical and cognitive domains and a small effect in improving psychological and quality of life domains. Specific considerations are recommended when clinicians provide group interventions for people with cognitive impairments.
Current and future potential net greenhouse gas sinks of existing, converted, and restored marsh and mangrove forest habitats
Authors: Baustian Melissa M. , Jung Hoonshin , Liu Bingqing , Moss Leland C. , Foster‐Martinez Madeline , Esposito Christopher R. , Georgiou Ioannis Y. , Bregman Martijn C. , Di Leonardo Diana R. , McMann Brett , Hemmerling Scott A. , Miner Michael D.
Published: September 2024

Marsh and mangrove forest habitats are productive at capturing and storing carbon, thus actions to protect and create coastal blue carbon sinks could help mitigate global warming. Dredged material is often used to create coastal habitats and evaluating the carbon impact of placement alternatives (PA) could help inform restoration and climate policies. Output from a Delft3D‐FM morphodynamics and hydrodynamics model informed a Coastal Wetlands Carbon Model at years 2020, 2025, 2030, and 2050. Three model simulations were used and included (1) no restoration (PA1), (2) restoration dominated with mangroves (PA2), and (3) restoration dominated with marshes (PA3) at a different location. Habitats of brackish marsh, saline marsh, mangrove forest, and saline open water that surround Port Fourchon, Louisiana, U.S.A., were evaluated to estimate the net greenhouse gas (GHG) flux of the study area with and without restoration. In years 2020 and 2025, the study area was estimated to be a net GHG sink (−1.1 ± 0.2 MMT CO2e) with or without mangrove and marsh‐dominated restoration. At years 2030 and 2050, even with habitat loss due to sea‐level rise, the study area for all simulations was projected to remain a net GHG sink. At year 2050, +0.1 ± 0.04 MMT CO2e could be avoided with restoration. At the restoration project scale, mangrove‐dominated restoration (PA2) had net GHG sinks (−0.07 to −0.09 MMT CO2e) near the marsh‐dominated restoration (PA3, −0.09 to −0.13 MMT CO2e). Thus, these modeled results could help inform future restoration planning and climate policies.
PAK1 inhibition with Romidepsin attenuates H‐reflex hyperexcitability after spinal cord injury
Authors: Kauer Sierra D. , Benson Curtis A. , Carrara Jennifer M. , Tarafder Afrin A. , Ibrahim Youssef H. , Estacion Maile A. , Waxman Stephen G. , Tan Andrew M.
Published: September 2024

Hyperreflexia associated with spasticity is a prevalent neurological condition characterized by excessive and exaggerated reflex responses to stimuli. Hyperreflexia can be caused by several diseases including multiple sclerosis, stroke and spinal cord injury (SCI). Although we have previously identified the contribution of the RAC1‐PAK1 pathway underlying spinal hyperreflexia with SCI‐induced spasticity, a feasible druggable target has not been validated. To assess the utility of targeting PAK1 to attenuate H‐reflex hyperexcitability, we administered Romidepsin, a clinically available PAK1 inhibitor, in Thy1‐YFP reporter mice. We performed longitudinal EMG studies with a study design that allowed us to assess pathological H‐reflex changes and drug intervention effects over time, before and after contusive SCI. As expected, our results show a significant loss of rate‐dependent depression – an indication of hyperreflexia and spasticity – 1 month following SCI as compared with baseline, uninjured controls (or before injury). Romidepsin treatment reduced signs of hyperreflexia in comparison with control cohorts and in pre‐ and post‐drug intervention in SCI animals. Neuroanatomical study further confirmed drug response, as romidepsin treatment also reduced the presence of SCI‐induced dendritic spine dysgenesis on α‐motor neurons. Taken together, our findings extend previous work demonstrating the utility of targeting PAK1 activity in SCI‐induced spasticity and support the novel use of romidepsin as an effective tool for managing spasticity.

image

Key points

PAK1 plays a role in contributing to the development of spinal cord injury (SCI)‐induced spasticity by contributing to dendritic spine dysgenesis.

In this study, we explored the preclinical utility of inhibiting PAK1 to reduce spasticity and dendritic spine dysgenesis in an SCI mouse model.

Romidepsin is a PAK1 inhibitor approved in the US in 2009 for the treatment of cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma.

Here we show that romidepsin treatment after SCI reduced SCI‐induced H‐reflex hyperexcitability and abnormal α‐motor neuron spine morphology.

This study provides compelling evidence that romidepsin may be a promising therapeutic approach for attenuating SCI‐induced spasticity.
Archaeological findings show the extent of primitive characteristics of maize in South America
Authors: Costa Flaviane Malaquias , Vidal Rafael , de Almeida Silva Natalia Carolina , Veasey Elizabeth Ann , de Oliveira Freitas Fabio , Zucchi Maria Imaculada
Published: September 2024

Scientific research has suggested that maize spread from Mexico and arrived in lowland South America in a state of partial domestication. However, archaeological samples with primitive morphological characteristics that corroborate this finding have not been recorded in the region thus far. Unexpectedly, many samples were identified in the Peruaçu Valley with characteristics never previously observed in South America. These archaeological samples with primitive characteristics, which are the focus of this work, represent the furthest records from the center of origin of the species and the longest duration of the maintenance of such characteristics (between 1010 and 570 years before present). The findings of this study, including archaeological samples, native races, and samples of teosinte, attest to a long history of maize diversification in lowland South America.
AAGGG repeat expansions triggerRFC1-independent synaptic dysregulation in human CANVAS neurons
Authors: Maltby Connor J. , Krans Amy , Grudzien Samantha J. , Palacios Yomira , Muiños Jessica , Suárez Andrea , Asher Melissa , Willey Sydney , Van Deynze Kinsey , Mumm Camille , Boyle Alan P. , Cortese Andrea , Ndayisaba Alain , Khurana Vikram , Barmada Sami J. , Dijkstra Anke A. , Todd Peter K.
Published: September 2024

Cerebellar ataxia with neuropathy and vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS) is a recessively inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by intronic biallelic, nonreference CCCTT/AAGGG repeat expansions withinRFC1. To investigate how these repeats cause disease, we generated patient induced pluripotent stem cell–derived neurons (iNeurons). CCCTT/AAGGG repeat expansions do not alter neuronalRFC1splicing, expression, or DNA repair pathway function. In reporter assays, AAGGG repeats are translated into pentapeptide repeat proteins. However, these proteins and repeat RNA foci were not detected in iNeurons, and overexpression of these repeats failed to induce neuronal toxicity. CANVAS iNeurons exhibit defects in neuronal development and diminished synaptic connectivity that is rescued by CRISPR deletion of a single expanded AAGGG allele. These deficits were neither replicated byRFC1knockdown in control iNeurons nor rescued by RFC1 reprovision in CANVAS iNeurons. These findings support a repeat-dependent but RFC1 protein–independent cause of neuronal dysfunction in CANVAS, with implications for therapeutic development in this currently untreatable condition.
Human heat sensation: A randomized crossover trial
Authors: Heber Stefan , Resch Felix , Ciotu Cosmin I. , Gleiss Andreas , Heber Ulrike M. , Macher-Beer Andrea , Bhuiyan Samantha , Gold-Binder Markus , Kain Renate , Sator Sabine , Fischer Michael J. M.
Published: September 2024

Sensing of noxious heat has been reported to be mediated by TRPV1, TRPA1, TRPM3, and ANO1 in mice, and this is redundant so that the loss of one receptor is at least partially compensated for by others. We have established an infusion-based human heat pain model. Heat-induced pain probed with antagonists for the four receptors did not match the redundancy found in mice. In healthy participants, only TRPV1 contributes to the detection of noxious heat; none of the other three receptors are involved. TRPV1 inhibition reduced the pain at all noxious temperatures, which can also be seen as an increase in the temperature that causes a particular level of pain. However, even if the TRPV1-dependent shift in heat detection is about 1°C, at the end of the temperature ramp to 52°C, most heat-induced pain remains unexplained. This difference between species reopens the quest for the molecular safety net for the detection of noxious heat in humans.
Plasmonic Pd-Sb nanosheets for photothermal CH
4
conversion to HCHO and therapy
Authors: Wang Mengjun , Jia Jun , Meng Zhaodong , Xia Jing , Hu Xinyan , Xue Fei , Peng Huiping , Meng Xiangmin , Yi Jun , Chen Xiaolan , Li Jun , Guo Yuzheng , Xu Yong , Huang Xiaoqing
Published: September 2024

Photothermal catalysis effectively increases catalytic activity by using the photothermal effect of metal nanomaterials; however, the combination of strong light absorption and high catalytic performance remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate hexagonal ~5-nanometer-thick palladium antimony (chemical formula as Pd
8
Sb
3
) nanosheets (NSs) that exhibit strong light absorption within full spectral and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effects in the visible region. Such LSPR features lead to strong photothermal effects, and Pd
8
Sb
3
NSs aqueous dispersion enables enhanced photothermal methane (CH
4
) conversion to formaldehyde (HCHO) under full-spectrum light irradiation at 1.7 watts per square centimeter, leading to selectivity of ~98.7%, productivity of ~665 millimoles per gram of catalyst, ~700 times higher than that of Pd NSs. Mechanism investigations suggest that different radicals were generated on Pd
8
Sb
3
(·OH) and Pd NSs (·O
2
−
), where Pd
8
Sb
3
NSs displays stronger adsorption strength to CH
4
and facilitates CH
4
oxidation to HCHO. Besides, the strong light absorption ability of Pd
8
Sb
3
NSs enables photothermal therapy for breast cancer.
Two-dimensional fully ferroelectric-gated hybrid computing-in-memory hardware for high-precision and energy-efficient dynamic tracking
Authors: Lu Tian , Xue Junying , Shen Penghui , Liu Houfang , Gao Xiaoyue , Li Xiaomei , Hao Jian , Huang Dapeng , Zhao Ruiting , Yan Jianlan , Yang Mingdong , Yan Bonan , Gao Peng , Lin Zhaoyang , Yang Yi , Ren Tian-Ling
Published: September 2024

Computing in memory (CIM) breaks the conventional von Neumann bottleneck through in situ processing. Monolithic integration of digital and analog CIM hardware, ensuring both high precision and energy efficiency, provides a sustainable paradigm for increasingly sophisticated artificial intelligence (AI) applications but remains challenging. Here, we propose a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor–compatible ferroelectric hybrid CIM platform that consists of Boolean logic and triggers for digital processing and multistage cell arrays for analog computation. The basic ferroelectric-gated units are assembled with solution-processable two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide atomic-thin channels at a wafer-scale yield of 96.36%, delivering high on/off ratios (>10
7
), high endurance (>10
12
), long retention time (>10 years), and ultralow cycle-to-cycle/device-to-device variations (~0.3%/~0.5%). Last, we customize a highly compact 2D hybrid CIM system for dynamic tracking, achieving a high accuracy of 99.8% and a 263-fold improvement in power efficiency compared to graphics processing units. These results demonstrate the potential of 2D fully ferroelectric-gated hybrid hardware for developing versatile CIM blocks for AI tasks.
Essential phage component induces resistance of bacterial community
Authors: Hu Qianyu , Huang Liang , Yang Yaoyu , Xiang Ye , Liu Jintao
Published: September 2024

Despite extensive knowledge on phage resistance at bacterium level, the resistance of bacterial communities is still not well-understood. Given its ubiquity, it is essential to understand resistance at the community level. We performed quantitative investigations on the dynamics of phage infection in
Klebsiella pneumoniae
biofilms. We found that the biofilms quickly developed resistance and resumed growth. Instead of mutations, the resistance was caused by unassembled phage tail fibers released by the phage-lysed bacteria. The tail fibers degraded the bacterial capsule essential for infection and induced spreading of capsule loss in the biofilm, and tuning tail fiber and capsule levels altered the resistance. Latent infections sustained in the biofilm despite resistance, allowing stable phage-bacteria coexistence. Last, we showed that the resistance exposed vulnerabilities in the biofilm. Our findings indicate that phage lysate plays important roles in shaping phage-biofilm interactions and open more dimensions for the rational design of strategies to counter bacteria with phage.
Nanoplasmonic aptasensor for sensitive, selective, and real-time detection of dopamine from unprocessed whole blood
Authors: Biswas Aritra , Lee Sang , Cencillo-Abad Pablo , Karmakar Manobina , Patel Jay , Soudi Mahdi , Chanda Debashis
Published: September 2024

Neurotransmitters are crucial for the proper functioning of neural systems, with dopamine playing a pivotal role in cognition, emotions, and motor control. Dysregulated dopamine levels are linked to various disorders, underscoring the need for accurate detection in research and diagnostics. Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) aptamers are promising bioreceptors for dopamine detection due to their selectivity, improved stability, and synthesis feasibility. However, discrepancies in dopamine specificity have presented challenges. Here, we surface-functionalized a nano-plasmonic biosensing platform with a dopamine-specific ssDNA aptamer for selective detection. The biosensor, featuring narrowband hybrid plasmonic resonances, achieves high specificity through functionalization with aptamers and passivation processes. Sensitivity and selectivity for dopamine detection are demonstrated across a wide range of concentrations, including in diverse biological samples like protein solutions, cerebrospinal fluid, and whole blood. These results highlight the potential of plasmonic “aptasensors” for developing rapid and accurate diagnostic tools for disease monitoring, medical diagnostics, and targeted therapies.
Treatment of left tenth rib haemangioma vascularised by a costal artery giving the artery of Adamkiewicz
Authors: Al Khaldi Turki , Verge Romain , Rouch Axel , Brouchet Laurent
Published: September 2024

Haemangioma of the ribs is considered an extremely rare benign tumour. Here, we present a case of a young male with left tenth rib haemangioma vascularised by a costal artery giving the artery of Adamkiewicz presented as chronic cough. This was successfully treated through preoperative embolisation and surgical resection. A preoperative angiogram was performed to identify the origin of the artery of Adamkiewicz. The final diagnosis was confirmed histopathologically. There were no complications in the postoperative course and no recurrence during 12 months of follow-up.
Acute hepatitis A with haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: G-6PD deficiency-induced haemolytic anaemia and bile cast nephropathy
Authors: Illolil Kuniyil Biju , Hussain Sameer Sakkeer , Suresh Gouri , Thoufeeq Semeera
Published: September 2024

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection typically presents as a self-limiting illness but it can cause debilitating symptoms and rarely fulminant hepatitis (acute liver failure), which is often fatal. WHO estimates that in 2016, 7134 persons died from hepatitis A worldwide (accounting for 0.5% of the mortality due to viral hepatitis). Fulminant hepatic failure is observed in less than 1% of cases of acute viral hepatitis A. Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a clinical syndrome of excessive inflammation and tissue destruction owing to abnormal immune activation. Acquired HLH due to viral infections (also known as virus-associated haemophagocytic syndrome) is most commonly associated with Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus (CMV). HAV-associated HLH has been rarely reported. Haemolysis of mild to moderate degree is not unheard of in cases of hepatitis A, which is often immune-mediated. Here, we present the case of a man in his 30s, with G6PD deficiency unmasked by acute viral hepatitis A, which later on progressed to hyperacute liver failure, HLH and renal failure.
Disordered eating behaviours during the menopausal transition: a systematic review
Authors: Vincent Coralie , Bodnaruc Alexandra M. , Prud'homme Denis , Guenette Jacob , Giroux Isabelle
Published: September 2024

Disordered eating refers to a range of eating behaviours and attitudes towards weight and food that can negatively influence physical and psychosocial well-being. The menopausal transition could be a vulnerable period for disordered eating due to major hormonal fluctuations, menopausal symptoms, common body composition shifts, and an increased risk of psychological challenges. This systematic review aimed to summarize evidence on the associations between the menopausal transition and disordered eating. Records published before October 2023 were identified through MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, Embase, and CINAHL. Studies investigating associations between menopausal status, menopausal symptoms, or reproductive hormone levels, and disordered eating during the menopausal transition were sought. A total of 1301 non-duplicate records were screened, with 10 studies deemed eligible for inclusion. Most included studies used a cross-sectional design ( n = 9). Findings include potentially higher levels of binge eating during the perimenopausal stage, whereas restrictive eating behaviours appeared more common during postmenopause compared to premenopause. Both studies investigating menopausal symptoms found strong positive associations with disordered eating. Nonetheless, findings are equivocal with contrasting results and limited methodological quality across studies. Further research is needed to verify these findings and better assist health professionals in supporting healthy eating behaviours in menopausal women during this complex transition. (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021290736)
Exploiting Pre-Trained Language Models for Black-Box Attack against Knowledge Graph Embeddings
Authors: Yang Guangqian , Zhang Lei , Liu Yi , Xie Hongtao , Mao Zhendong
Published: September 2024

Despite the emerging research on adversarial attacks against knowledge graph embedding (KGE) models, most of them focus on white-box attack settings. However, white-box attacks are difficult to apply in practice compared to black-box attacks since they require access to model parameters that are unlikely to be provided. In this article, we propose a novel black-box attack method that only requires access to knowledge graph data, making it more realistic in real-world attack scenarios. Specifically, we utilize pre-trained language models (PLMs) to encode text features of the knowledge graphs, an aspect neglected by previous research. We then employ these encoded text features to identify the most influential triples for constructing corrupted triples for the attack. To improve the transferability of the attack, we further propose to fine-tune the PLM model by enriching triple embeddings with structure information. Extensive experiments conducted on two knowledge graph datasets illustrate the effectiveness of our proposed method.
Opportunities for Microphysiological Systems in Toxicity Testing of New Drug Modalities
Authors: Maulana Tengku Ibrahim , Wevers Nienke R. , Kristoforus Theodora , Chandler Morgan , Lanz Henriette L. , Joore Jos , Vulto Paul , Villenave Remi , Kustermann Stefan , Loskill Peter , Bircsak Kristin M.
Published: September 2024

New drug modalities offer life-saving benefits for patients through access to previously undruggable targets. Yet these modalities pose a challenge for the pharmaceutical industry, as side effects are complex, unpredictable, and often uniquely human. With animal studies having limited predictive value due to translatability challenges, the pharmaceutical industry seeks out new approach methodologies. Microphysiological systems (MPS) offer important features that enable complex toxicological processes to be modeled in vitro such as (a) an adjustable complexity of cellular components, including immune components; (b) a modifiable tissue architecture; (c) integration and monitoring of dynamic mechanisms; and (d) a multiorgan connection. Here we review MPS studies in the context of four clinical adverse events triggered by new drug modalities: peripheral neuropathy, thrombocytopenia, immune-mediated hepatotoxicity, and cytokine release syndrome. We conclude that while the use of MPS for testing new drug modality–induced toxicities is still in its infancy, we see strong potential going forward.
Computational Role of Autocatalytic Chemical Reaction in the Dynamics of a Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid Past a Rotating Stretching Surface
Authors: Madiwal Shreedevi , Naduvinamani N. B. , Madhukesh J. K. , Khan Umair , Ishak Anuar , Kumar Raman , Siddiqui Md Irfanul Haque
Published: September 2024

Due to its superior thermal conductivity and efficient thermal management, ternary nanofluids play a crucial role in electronic advance cooling systems, solar thermal collectors, managing efficiency of thermal exchangers, targeted drug delivery systems, and various technologies. An essential aspect of understanding complex systems is studying the interplay between fluid movement, heat transport, and chemical processes. Therefore, examining chemical reactions is vital for various industrial applications in environmental areas. Because of these applications, this study examines the impact of endothermic/exothermic chemical reactions on the flow of a ternary nanofluid across a rotating permeable‐stretched surface. The governing equations are transformed into the system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and numerically tackled with the help of the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg 4th 5th (RKF45) order scheme. The outcomes of pertinent constraints on their respective profiles are illustrated through graphs. The results show that the thermal profile diminishes for the exothermic case and enhances for the endothermic case in context to the activation parameter. Improvement in solid volume fraction will improve the rate of thermal distribution for both endo and exothermic cases. The rate of thermal distribution increases by about 3.22% from ternary nanofluid to nanofluid, while the rate of mass transfer is about 2.31%. The outcomes will help in chemical manufacturing, renewable energy technologies, material sciences, and designing and optimization of the delivery of drugs.
Understanding the Factors Influencing the Properties of Biomass‐Derived Porous Carbon and Their Impacts on Electrical Double‐Layer Capacitor Electrodes: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Abimana Colette , Bello Abdulhakeem , Machunda Revocatus , Chande Jande Yusufu Abeid
Published: September 2024

The use of biomass as carbon precursors has been extensively investigated, with a particular emphasis on examining the properties of derived porous carbon and its application in electrical double‐layer capacitors (EDLCs). Biomass‐derived porous carbon‐based electrodes have shown promising properties that can improve the efficiency of EDLCs. However, despite the extensive research in this field, no definitive solution has been proposed. This review investigates in depth three main factors that impact the electrochemical performance of derived porous carbon‐based electrodes: (1) the initial properties of raw biomass as carbon precursors, (2) operating conditions, and (3) physicochemical properties of biomass‐derived porous carbon materials. Examined operating conditions include synthesis techniques, activating agents, the mass ratio of the activating agent to the raw biomass as porous carbon precursors, carbonization/activation duration, operating temperature, and the mass of the active material in the electrode. The surface morphology and surface functional groups were used to evaluate the physicochemical properties of derived porous carbon materials. Multiple factors influence the properties of porous carbon derived from biomass and, consequently, the efficiency of the electrodes made from these materials. This study reveals that the properties of porous carbon‐based electrodes derived from biomass vary from one biomass to another and are affected by various parameters, conditions, and synthesis techniques. Therefore, it is impossible to rely exclusively on a single factor to improve the electrochemical performance of EDLC electrodes. A thorough consideration of the multiple factors is required to optimize the properties and performance of the electrodes.
Molecular Systematics and Divergence ofTorandNeolissochilusFishes (Cypriniforms: Cyprinidae) from Southeast Asia and South China
Authors: Wu Ling , Qin Tao , Hoang Huy Duc , Oo Thaung Naing , Wang Xiao-Ai , Chen Xiao-Yong
Published: September 2024

In Southeast Asia, mahseer fishes, such as the species ofTorandNeolissochilus, are significant native commercial fish. Their phylogeny and categorization have a convoluted history. In this study, the molecular systematics and divergence ofTorandNeolissochilusfishes from Southeast Asia and South China were examined using the partial or complete sequences of four mitochondrial genes (cytochrome oxidase I, cytochromeb, 16S, and ND4). This study substantiated the monophyly ofTorand supportedN. benasias an independent genus. The result supportedT. laterivittatusas a synonym ofT. sinensisandT. dongnaiensisas a synonym ofT. tambra. In addition, we presented the high diversity and species crypticity of these two taxa in Southeast Asia. The divergent time estimation indicatedTorandNeolissochilusspecies originated in the early Miocene (about 16.73 Ma), and the divergence of the genusTorand other species of the genusNeolissochilusbegan at about 12.86 Ma.
Immediate and Long‐Term Pull‐Out Bond Strength of 3D‐Printed Provisional Crowns
Authors: dos S. Siqueira Joyce R. C. , Rodriguez Rita M. M. , de C. Ramos Nathalia , Bottino Marco A. , Tribst João P. M.
Published: September 2024

Background: Over the past decade, 3D printing technology has revolutionized various fields, including dentistry. Provisional restorations play a crucial role in prosthetic rehabilitation, necessitating the evaluation of their bond strength with different provisional cement agents.

Aims: This study is aimed at assessing the immediate and long‐term bond strength of 3D‐printed dental crowns using three provisional cement agents.

Materials and Methods: Provisional crowns (N = 36) were manufactured using 3D modeling software and cemented in dentin analogues (G10 Nema resin). After the crowns’ fabrication, they were randomly divided into three groups (n = 12) for cementation with Relyx Temp 3M ESPE, Provicol—VOCO, and Meron—VOCO. Tensile strength tests were conducted using a universal testing machine, with half of the specimens subjected to 2000 thermal cycles before testing. Finite element analysis was employed to assess tensile stress distribution.

Results: Statistical analysis (two‐way ANOVA and Tukey’s test at a 95% confidence level) revealed significant effects of cement type (p = 0.006) and thermal aging (p = 0.001) on bond strength. Glass ionomer cement exhibited the highest immediate resistance, while all types of cement were adversely affected by thermal aging, resulting in decreased bond strength.

Conclusion: Thermal aging significantly alters the properties of 3D printing resin and affects the bond strength of provisional cement with 3D‐printed crowns. Despite the adverse effects of thermal aging, glass ionomer cement demonstrated the highest immediate resistance. Clinicians should carefully consider these findings when selecting provisional cements for 3D‐printed crowns.
Exploring EADS Modules: Properties, Direct Sums, and Applications in Matrix Rings
Authors: Davachi Miandouab Farnaz , Celep Yücel Canan
Published: September 2024

We introduce the concept of an EADS module, defined such that for any decomposition M = A ⊕ B and any ec‐complement C of A in M, the module satisfies M = A ⊕ C. This study explores the properties of EADS modules and examines their relationships with other established properties. We particularly investigate the behavior of EADS modules concerning direct sums and direct summands. In addition, we present applications, including matrix rings over a right EADS ring.
Semillero de Investigación Contable “Norma Peralta”. Formación de género en la carrera de CPA
Authors: González Valles Gabriela , Restrepo Quintero Katherine , Benítez Reyes Damaris , Peña Oyarzo Antonia
Published: September 2024

Los semilleros de investigación son una estrategia de investigación formativa que aportan a la construcción de pensamiento crítico dentro del campo contable, en el contexto de los programas de Contador Público y Auditor en las universidades chilenas hasta hace poco se vienen implementando estas estrategias extracurriculares. En el caso de la Universidad Santiago de Chile este semillero tiene un enfoque innovador en el sentido que busca hacer aportes a las líneas de investigación en perspectiva crítica de la contabilidad y en estudios de género en contabilidad. Este artículo documenta los inicios, la metodología y los logros durante los dos años que lleva en funcionamiento. Dentro de los resultados más notables se observó que a partir de los problemas de investigación abordados en el semillero, se viene abriendo camino a la línea emergente de investigación en contabilidad y género, además de entregar herramientas que aportan a la confianza de investigar dentro del ámbito estudiantil.
Supplementary Table S5 from Multistate Gene Cluster Switches Determine the Adaptive Mitochondrial and Metabolic Landscape of Breast Cancer
Authors: Menegollo Michela , Bentham Robert B. , Henriques Tiago , Ng Seow Q. , Ren Ziyu , Esculier Clarinde , Agarwal Sia , Tong Emily T.Y. , Lo Clement , Ilangovan Sanjana , Szabadkai Zorka , Suman Matteo , Patani Neill , Ghanate Avinash , Bryson Kevin , Stein Robert C. , Yuneva Mariia , Szabadkai Gyorgy
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Table S5
Supplementary Figure S6 from Multistate Gene Cluster Switches Determine the Adaptive Mitochondrial and Metabolic Landscape of Breast Cancer
Authors: Menegollo Michela , Bentham Robert B. , Henriques Tiago , Ng Seow Q. , Ren Ziyu , Esculier Clarinde , Agarwal Sia , Tong Emily T.Y. , Lo Clement , Ilangovan Sanjana , Szabadkai Zorka , Suman Matteo , Patani Neill , Ghanate Avinash , Bryson Kevin , Stein Robert C. , Yuneva Mariia , Szabadkai Gyorgy
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Figure S6
Figure S1 from Multistate Gene Cluster Switches Determine the Adaptive Mitochondrial and Metabolic Landscape of Breast Cancer
Authors: Menegollo Michela , Bentham Robert B. , Henriques Tiago , Ng Seow Q. , Ren Ziyu , Esculier Clarinde , Agarwal Sia , Tong Emily T.Y. , Lo Clement , Ilangovan Sanjana , Szabadkai Zorka , Suman Matteo , Patani Neill , Ghanate Avinash , Bryson Kevin , Stein Robert C. , Yuneva Mariia , Szabadkai Gyorgy
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Figure S1