bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impacts of Climate Change on Agricultural Production and Sustainable Agriculture of Smallholder Farmers in Vietnam
Authors: Phu Nguyen Van
Published: August 2021

Climate change is one of the greatest threats to human beings, and agriculture is one of the fields that is most negatively affected by climate change. Farmers around the world and global food supply chains are impacted by the more extreme weather phenomena and increased damage of diseases and pests caused by climate change. Today, almost all agricultural enterprises and farms consider climate change a serious long-term risk for their production. Agricultural land systems can produce significant greenhouse gases (GHGs) by the conversion of forests to crop- and animal lands, and also through the weak management of crops and livestock. Around the world, cultivation and cattle production accounts for 25% of global GHG emissions (Javeline, ‎2014). However, under suitable conditions, agriculture can create environmental conditions that can help minimize pollution and the negative effects of climate change including carbon absorption by green plants in forests, and fields for watershed protection and biodiversity conservation. Sustainable agriculture helps farmers to adapt, maintain, and improve productivity without applying harmful techniques. In turn, this allows farms to manage and mitigate climate-related risks in their supply chains. The Sustainable Agriculture Network (SAN) has found new ways to incorporate smart climate cultivation methods into all farming practices to help farms and enterprises carry out agriculture sustainably.
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smjernice za pastoral braka i obitelji prema apostolskoj pobudnici Amoris Laetitia (II.)
Authors: Šarčević Ivan
Published: August 2021

Drugi dio članka »Neke smjernice za pastoral braka i obitelji prema apostolskoj pobudnici Amoris Laetitia« koncentrira se na pastoralne smjernice koje proizlaze iz pobudnice Amoris laetitia, a koje se odnose na savjesno razlučivanje okolnosti u kojima nastaju problemi i rastave te na integriranje ostavljenih, razvedenih i rastavljenih u crkvenu zajednicu. Tako se razmatra važnost pojma razlučivanja i njegova slojevitost te različiti tipovi razlučivanja. Drugi dio, posvećen integriranju u zajednicu, želi izložiti integriranje u zajednicu u širem kontekstu te također prikazati osnovne konture i složenost takvoga procesa.
What's new in the "new" US course towards the DPRK?
Authors: Zhebin Alexander
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes the prospects for US-North Korean and inter-Korean relations, taking into account the completed policy review of the new US administration towards the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), as well as the results of the President of the Republic of Korea Moon Jae-in’s trip to Washington in May 2021 and his talks with US President Joe Biden. It is concluded that the “new" course proposed by the United States in relation to the DPRK will not lead to a solution to the nuclear problem of the Korean Peninsula and will interfere with the normalization of inter-Korean relations. During his visit to the US President Moon failed to obtain the US consent on ROK more “independent policy” toward North Korea. In spite of lavish investments into US economy and other concessions, Seoul was forced to promise to coordinate his approaches to the DPRK with US and Japan and support US position on Taiwan straits and South China Sea. The author argues that in the current conditions, the introduction of a regime of arms limitation and arms control in Korea should be a necessary stage on the way to complete denuclearization of the peninsula. The transition to a such method of the settlement of the nuclear problem could lead to the resumption of the negotiation process, mutual concessions, including reductions in the level of military-political confrontation, partial or large-scale lifting of economic sanctions in exchange for North Korea's restrictions of its nuclear weapon and missile systems.
The image of wine in the Iranian cinema and contemporary art
Authors: Vasiltsov Konstantin
Published: August 2021

The proclamation of the Islamic Republic made its own adjustments to the cultural life of Iran, but despite the imposed restrictions and prohibitions, modern directors and artists continue to saturate their works with references to poetic images of wine. In cinema, the authors act quite straightforwardly, although sometimes in their films there are more inventive methods of mentioning an illegal drink (verbal ac-companiment of the visual series through reading poetic lines about wine).
Representatives of the modern art scene can resort to the wine motive in a more diverse form than their colleagues in the field of cine-ma, since it is easier for them to encrypt this topic in their works. Artists turn to the leitmotif of wine, classic for Iranian miniatures, both in abstract drawings, experimenting with calligraphic patterns, and in figurative painting, creating various compositions from mystical and phantasmagoric plots to everyday realistic sketches.
When examining the image of wine in historical retrospect, the connection between poetry and Iranian art is clearly visible. The poetic tradition is deeply rooted in Persian culture, an environment so deeply formed by metaphor and permeated with allegory, depicting not the literal, but the symbolic. In addition to the fact that great masters of literature are revered in Iran, poetry is an everyday language in which people communicate today. Therefore, quotes from the poems of poets of the past and present saturate the narrative in Iranian cinema and penetrate into modern fine art, thereby uniting the eras into a single cultural field.
Islam and its role in the civilizational development of Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Sadovskaya Lubov M.
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes the evolution of Islam in Côte d’Ivoire in the light of the profound changes that have taken place in the country since independence in 1960 and up to the present day. The author explores the reasons for the rapid increase in the number of Islamized residents compared to other West African countries, especially during the first 30 years of independent development. This was a period of awakening of the collective consciousness and organizational cohesion of Ivorian Muslims. The second stage, since the first multiparty elections in the early 1990s, is associated with the politicization of religion, with a new form of Islamic religious culture, especially in cities - proselytism.
The tariqas, due to their lack of organization, play a secondary role in the modern history of the Muslim societies of Côte d’Ivoire. In addition, the modernization processes have further weakened their influence. Spiritual brotherhoods did not become a barrier to the spread of reformist teachings that were associated with Sunni Islam, a departure from Sufi spirituality. The reformist elite of the Ivorian Muslim community made extensive use of the Quranic concept of da'wa in their religious propaganda, with its ideology borrowed from the Arab-Islamic world. Its main goal was the re-islamization of Muslim society, the introduction of political Islam. 
The paper examines the problems of relations between Ivorian Muslims and Christians, which have not always been peaceful, especially during periods of military and political crises, when they were intertwined with ethnic ones. The coming to power in 2011 of A.Ouattara, the first Muslim president, contributed to the preservation of a stable balance between faiths thanks to his clerical policy.
Non-standart position of the false door in Giza tombs - a builing mistake or a least-evil solution?
Authors: Vetokhov Sergey V.
Published: August 2021

In the chapels of a number of tombs in the Giza necropolis, both rock-cut and stone (mastaba), the false door – the main place of worship of the tomb – is sometimes not located on the west wall. Given that the tradition of placing the false door precisely on the western wall had deep roots for centuries, these cases raise a legitimate question about the reasons for such an anomaly. But the paucity of examples, both in Giza and in other necropolises, made it difficult to conduct a broad analysis of this phenomenon.
This question has been repeatedly raised in the literature, but it is still debatable. And after the discovery of new examples at the site of the Russian Archaeological Mission at Giza of the Institute of Oriental Studies, RAS (RAMG), it became necessary to return to this problem to analyze it, to structure and summarize the early information, to try to understand the nature of the occurrence of such cases.
A total of nine such cases are known in the Giza necropolis; all of them date from the time of the V–VI dynasties, when the necropolis is drastically compacted – and the tombs are occupied by any vacant space. It was not always possible to place false doors on the western wall of the chapels for each individual burial. As a result, sometimes the builders deliberately placed a false door not on the western wall but in the immediate vicinity of the burial to emphasise the connection between them.
Ascetics and/or laypeople: Jain view on humam status in the world
Authors: Zheleznova Natalia A.
Published: August 2021

The article examines the ethical system of Jainism on the example of the lifestyle of ascetic monks and lay householders. The disciplinary rules for lay followers (both Digambara and Śvetāmbara branches of Jainism) are fixed in the texts of the śrāvakācāra genre compiled by ascetics. This reflects the hierarchical distribution of “roles” within the Jain community. Ascetics represent the most advanced part of the community on the spiritual Path of Liberation, while lay people have only just entered this path. The author focuses on the fact that in Jainism monasticism is considered as a spiritually higher stage, and not just a different (but equally significant) way of salvation. Only monks of certain ranks have the right to preach publicly, interpret the Scriptures, and instruct the laity. Householders can only do this in the absence of monks. At the same time, ascetics are almost completely dependent on the laity for their everyday life, since householders are obliged to provide them with everything necessary for life. The introduction of an intermediate, quasi-monastic way of life in the form of the bhaṭṭārakas (Digambra) and śrīpūjya (Śvetāmbra) in the middle ages allowed the Jain community to survive and even have a direct impact on the political and economic situation in various regions of India. The author emphasizes that written in all-India paradigm of the life regulations (artha, kāma, dharma and mokṣa), Jain system of domestic rituals, coupled with the practice of vows and limitations focused on training of householders to move towards self-improvement and eventually achieve the main religious goal – realization the nature of one’s own soul.
Tradition and Literature (Culture of Laughter of Mali and Guinea)
Authors: Zavyalova Olga Yu.
Published: August 2021

This article continues the topic of the previous one [Zavyalova, Kutsenkov, 2020]. It reveals how great is the role of humor in the cultures of West Africa, where it manifests itself in various spheres of life of its peoples. The Kɔ̀tɛba Folk Theater in Mali and Guinea is another traditional aspect of humor based on satire. The secret society of Kɔ̀rɛduga “jesters” is characteristic of the traditional cultures of Manden. The Dogon have guardians of brussa, alamonyou, who play the role of clowns during the release of masks, and female jesters yayeré, who are wives of the inhabitants of a given village, originating from other villages. The Manden and Dogon humor permeates all spheres of the traditional way of life, and it plays one of fundamental roles in the manner of communication, in the theater and in oral literature. Thus, satire is aimed either at resolving possible conflicts in the absence of mutual understanding between representatives of various social, age and other groups, at resolving conflicts associated with violation of etiquette. All satirical folklore genres function on this basis. Fairy tales and anecdotes ridicule violations of the norms of etiquette inherent in this particular culture. The folk theater touches on topical, actual violations of traditional norms of behavior. In conclusion, the authors note that humor is one of the foundations of the “virtual” reality of the culture created by these societies. When such regulators are violated and their semantic content changes, the whole reality and even the very existence of these peoples will change.
Sensitivity Enhancing of Oil Viscosity Sensor Based on Optical Fiber by Using Bending Angle Method
Authors: Yunus Muhammad , Arifin A , Fuadi Nurul , Syafar A. Muhammad
Published: August 2021

Testing of oil viscosity sensor based on plastic optical fiber by using bending angle variation method to enhance the sensor sensitivity. This sensor is made by forming an optical fiber bending angle, it is dipped into the oil viscosity liquid. The light transmitted through into the optical fiber will be received by the photodetector and the measurement results are displayed on the OPM in the form of output power. The best measurement obtained at the bending angle of 300 with value of sensor sensitivity is 1.013 nW/mPa.s. This method has the advantage of high sensitivity in a simple measurement process.
Evaluation and Analysis of the Satisfaction Degree of the Intelligent Outpatient Clinic of Tianjin 3A Grade Hospitals Based on the KANO Model
Authors: Zhao Fanyu , Xiao Yawen , Feng Xue , Liu Chang , Jiang He
Published: August 2021

Objective — Based on the Kano model, we investigated the outpatients' satisfactions with the functions of the intelligent outpatient clinic of 3A Grade hospital in Tianjin, to improve the function of the intelligent outpatient clinic. Methods — Based on the Kano model, a questionnaire was designed to investigate the satisfaction and expectation of Tianjin outpatients with the use of intelligent outpatient clinic. A survey was conducted on 384 outpatients to determine the functions of the intelligent outpatient clinic. Results — Among the 14 intelligent outpatient service, 11 (79%) are attractive quality, 3 (21%) are one-dimensional quality, and there are no must-be quality. In the quadrant diagram, there are 3 requirements in the dominant area and 11 requirements in the retention area. There are three high satisfying attributes: convenience of multifunctional payment method, convenience of reservation registration and security of multiple payment methods. There is an unsatisfying function: the information pushed by WeChat platform. Conclusion — The intelligent outpatient clinic function has been satisfied by most patients, but it hasn’t been fully popularized. It is necessary to improve the payment security, the order waiting and other attractive quality, to optimize the medical experience of the intelligent clinic and improve patients' satisfaction.
Research on the Coordination of Green Finance and Green Economy with the Goal of Sustainable Development
Authors: Yang Bing
Published: August 2021

In order to give full play to the integration between green finance and green economy, the selection of appropriate evaluation indicators is worth further exploration. Therefore, this paper is conducted with exploration on the combination of comprehensive index system and comprehensive method, which give evaluations on the coupling coordination degree between green finance and green economy by combining the coupling coordination degree model with ESG, so as to achieve the goal of sustainable development.
Sol Üst Lob Evre I Akciğer Kanserli Hastalar İçin Sol Üst Lobektomi Aşırı Tedavi mi? Propensity Skor Analizi
Authors: MELEK Hüseyin , SEVİNÇ Tolga Evrim , SIĞIRLI Deniz , BAYRAM Ahmet Sami , GEBİTEKİN Cengiz
Published: August 2021

Sol üst lobda yer alan küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanseri (KHDAK) için sol üst lobektomi ve segmentektomi sonuçlarını karşılaştırmayı amaçladık. Kliniğimizde 1999-2016 yılları arasında sol üst lob yerleşimli KHDAK nedeniyle segmentektomi veya lobektomi uygulanan hastaların verilerini retrospektif olarak inceledik. Segmentektomi; lobektomi için uygun evre I hastalar ve sınırlı kardiyopulmoner rezervi nedeniyle lobektomi için uygun olmayan hastalarda uygulandı. Toplamda 127 hasta optimal veri eşleştirme algoritması kullanılarak propensity skoru analizine dahil edildi. 1: 2 eşleştirme algoritmasından sonra 90 hasta iki gruba ayrıldı; grup 1 segmentektomi (n=30) ve grup 2 lobektomi (n=60). Morbidite, mortalite, uzun dönem sağkalım oranları ve prognostik faktörler analiz edildi. Histopatolojik incelemede 57 hasta evre I [grup 1 (n = 18), grup 2 (n = 39)], 33 hasta evre II-IV [grup 1 (n = 12), grup 2 (n = 21 )] tespit edildi. Morbidite oranı % 37.78 (37/90) [grup 1: n = 11 (% 36.67), grup 2: n = 23 (% 38.33), p = 1.000] ve mortalite oranı % 1.11 [grup 1: n = 1 (% 3.33), grup 2: n = 0 (% 0), p = 0.333] idi. Evre I hastalarda ortalama Kaplan-Meier sağkalım süresi grup 1 için 146.09 (% 95 CI: 111.70-180.49) ve grup 2 için 106.99 (% 95 CI: 77.68-136.30) idi (p = 0.185) olarak sonuçlandı. Bu çalışmada sol üst lobda segmentektomi veya lobektomi uygulanan erken evre KHDAK'li hastalar için benzer sonuçlar elde edildi. Özellikle lingulektomi veya trisegmentektomi, evre I KHDAK için lobektomiye kıyasla standart bir prosedür olarak önerilmektedir.
Ulos Weaving Center (Neo Vernacular Architecture)
Authors: Atifah N Tarigan  , Andrea Morida Siagian
Published: August 2021

Ulos is a well known cultural heritage, but as technology advances, the production of traditionally weaved Ulos began to be left behind, when in fact, the traditionally weaved Ulos held a very high artistic value and in need of preservation. Tarutung is an area with the potential to be developed as a tourist city with a variety of nature and culture, such as the Ulos craft, which is a valuable asset. Every year the Festival Tenun Nusantara is held in Tarutung that can support the design of the Ulos weaving center. That is why an Ulos center is needed. The methodology of this Ulos weaving center starts by conducting site selection, identifying problems and potential that exist on the site, then collecting data that support the design by searching ideas, literature studies related to titles and themes, observation studies, and comparative studies. The Ulos weaving center uses the neo vernacular architecture theme by incorporating local wisdom and natural surroundings of the site, a rice field that becomes an innovative attraction. Therefore, Ulos weaving center allows people to get to know Ulos deeply in a whole new experience and a place suitable to enrich and conserve cultural tradition in Tarutung.
Relatório de estágio
Authors: Meneghetti Francielli Jaqueline de Paula
Published: August 2021

Este trabalho trata-se da adaptação de um dos relatórios de estágios realizados durante a formação em Pedagogia na Faculdade de Sorriso-MT. O objetivo desta publicação é demonstrar como a prática do estágio é essencial à vida do estudante, especialmente para desenvolvimento prático da docência. Embora essa produção trate apenas de um dos estágios desenvolvidos na Educação Infantil, os estágios compuseram desde o Ensino Infantil, passando pelo Ensino de Jovens e Adultos até o de práticas de gestão escolar.
Coming to College Hungry
Authors: Collier Daniel A , Fitzpatrick Dan , Brehm Chelsea , Archer Eric
Published: August 2021

This exploratory descriptive, single-university study (N=700) joined institutional, external, and survey data to examine first-year students’ food insecurity links to non-cognitive attributes and first-semester performance and persistence. Regressions indicate LGBTQ, multi-racial, international, transfer, and first-generation students exhibit increased food insecurity. Food insecurity linked with psychological distress, financial stress, amotivation, and intent to engage with peers but not to faculty, staff, and academic engagement. Food insecurity is also associated with lower first-semester GPA and credits earned. Findings strengthen limited evidence that food insecurity links to college students’ experience, suggesting groups of already-underserved students may need immediate support to ease food insecurity.
An Action Research to Improve Change and Continuity Perception in Social Studies
Authors: SEL  Burcu , SÖZER Mehmet Akif
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop the students’ skills of change and continuity through activities based on the objects in fourth-grade social studies. In alignment with the scope, an action research design was used in which the researcher is also the executor. A criterion sampling was used for recruitment which resulted in 17 fourth-grade students agreeing to participate in the study. Data collection tools included achievement test, open-ended questions, semi-structured interview forms, video recording and student journals. Wilcoxon signed ranks test, grading key and content analysis were used in the analysis of the data. The results of the study showed that there is a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of students in object-based activities. Within the scope of change and continuity, it was seen that students can identify similarities and differences, make estimations on the perception of future time, discover the effects of sociocultural context along with change and continuity, provide chronological visual evidences, and put them in order. However, it was found that students can’t develop multiple causality relationships related to change, that they interpret causes in relation to change and continuity from a limited perspective, that they do not consider different disciplines when expressing the powerful effects of technology in change processes.
Upaya melatih kreativitas anak melalui media vegetable painting di PAUD Al-Fattah Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Ramadhani Wahyu Dwi
Published: August 2021

This study aims to describe the efforts and obstracles in training children's creativity through vegetable painting in PAUD AL-FATTAH of Bengkulu City. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive study involving teachers in PAUD AL-FATTAH. Data were collected through interviews, documentation and data were analyzed qualitatively by using data reduction, display and verification methods. The results of this study indicate that learning by using vegetable painting in PAUD AL-FATTAH, Group B children get three star grades already starting well. Teachers of Group B PAUD AL-FATTAH preparE the learning process by using the online system because it was in a state of covid-19 pandemic. That is, children can still be creative according to their own creations. Meanwhile, children's creations in the form of green and white green vegetables produce images of flowers, roses, and a mixture of vegetables, cabbage, and oyong to produce a viewpoint. This is where the activity of vegetable painting helps children to practice their creativity.
Pengkuran tingkat kemampuan passing bawah siswa Kelas VII pada permainan bola voli
Authors: Totales Tri Aris , Sembiring Lina Tri Astuti Beru , Supriyanto Supriyanto
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Tingkat Kemampuan Passing bawah dalam pembelajaran bolavoli siswa kelas VII di SMP N 36 Seluma. Jenis penelitian ini adalah diskriptif kuantitatif, metode yang digunakan ialah dengan survei. Hasil penelitian ini yang berkategori baik sekali yaitu 3 orang (15%), kategori baik yaitu 6 orang (30%), dan kategori sedang yaitu 8 orang (40%), dan kategori kurang yaitu 3 orang (15%), dan kategori sangat rendah yaitu 0 orang (0%). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut di atas dapat diambil kesimpulan tes passing bawah paling banyak berada pada kategori sedang dengan rata-rata 17,55.
Mechanized Cultivation Increases Labour Efficiency
Authors: Islam AKMS
Published: August 2021

Farm mechanization facilitates to increase agricultural productivity and improves farm management by replacing human labour. Therefore, mechanical intervention is a vital adaptation strategy for a sustainable rice production system. Thus, this study aims to (i) estimate the amount of mechanical in-tervention required in rice cultivation, particularly in transplanting and harvesting operation; and (ii) delineate the impact of farm mechanization on rice productivity and employment generation. The primary data were collected through a household survey and key informant interviews. These data were used for projecting rice area, labour requirement, and off-farm employment opportunities in rice cultivation. Besides, secondary data were collected from published literature. The break-even la-bour requirement per hectare rice cultivation was 2.88 work-days. Labour productivity might be doubled by 2030 subject to bringing 42% and 36% of the total rice area under mechanical transplant-ing and harvesting, respectively. The projected demands of the transplanter and combine harvester to achieve the goal are 49,172 and 28,382, respectively. The mechanized rice transplanting, weeding, and harvesting reduced labour requirement by 29, 26, and 34%, respectively, compared to the manual op-erations. Besides, mechanization meets up the demand for labour at a seasonal peak and increases rice productivity. Furthermore, it creates some off-farm (e.g., operating) and non-farm (e.g., manufac-turing, repairing, and trading) employment opportunities for operating, maintenance, fabricating, and marketing of the machinery. Syncronize farming is required for enhancing the field efficiency of the farm machine at present size and shape of plots. Besides, the synchronized farming is beneficial for providing service to the farmers at their affordable rental charge. Government assistance should continue and strengthen for the procurement of transplanters and combine harvesters. A holistic ap-proach combining the public and private intervention is essential for achieving the mechanized farm-ing goal for sustainable rice farming in Bangladesh.
Bangladesh Rice J. 24 (2): 49-66, 2021
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA GAMBAR SERI BAGIAN-BAGIAN TUMBUHAN BERBASIS KEUNGGULAN LOKAL KABUPATEN MALANG UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Primadhani Shera Rizka , Wibowo Andi
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran gambar seri yang valid digunakan dalam pembelajaran matei IPA, serta untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa melalui implementasi media pembelajaran gambar seri. Pada penelitian kali ini, peneliti menggunakan jenis penelitian RnD (Research and Development). Produk yang dikembangkan yakni bagian-bagian tumbuhan keunggulan lokal Kabupaten Malang. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IV. Uji coba produk terdapat 2 kelompok, yakni uji coba produk kelompok terbatas dengan 6 orang responden, dan uji coba produk kelompok utama dengan 35 orang responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran gambar seri valid diperoleh presentase 96,2%. Motivasi belajar siswa juga meningkat, hal ini dapat dilihat pada hasil pretest postest dan angket motivasi siswa 79%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disarankan bagi pihak sekolah dan guru untuk mengoptimalkan penggunaan media agar siswa semakin termotivasi dalam belajar.
PENGGUNAAN TEPUNG DAUN INDIGOFERA SP DALAM PAKAN TERHADAP PENAMPILAN PRODUKSI, KUALITAS TELUR DAN LEMAK DARAH AYAM PETELUR
Authors: Atma Alfian Adi , Kurnia Dyanovita Al
Published: August 2021

Indigofera sp adalah jenis tanaman leguminosa dengan genus Indigofera. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh penggunaan tepung daun indigofera sp terhadap penampilan produksi dan lemak darah ayam petelur. Medote yang digunakan adalah percobaan dengan model RAL (rancangan acak lengkap) 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan dengan proporsi P1 kontrol, P2 pemberian tepung daun Indigofera sp 2,5 %, P3 pemberian tepung daun Indigofera sp 5 %, dan P4 pemberian tepung daun Indigofera sp 7,5 %. Bahan yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah tepung daun Indigofera sp. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan analisis Ragam menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh perlakuan terhadap konsumsi pakan ayam petelur berbeda nyata (P<0,05), konsumsi pakan tertinggi ( 86,65 ± 0,30b g/ekor ) pada P4 dengan penambahan tepung daun Indigofera sp 7,5 % memberikan hasil terbaik karena peningkatan konsumsi pakan memberikan pengaruh terhadap produksi telur. HDP ( Hen Day Production ), Egg Mass, konversi pakan,  IOFC, kualitas telur terhadap tebal kerabang, skor kuning telur, dan kolesterol kuning telur serta lemak darah meliputi kolesterol total darah, HDL, LDL, dan trigliserida menunjukkan pengaruh tidak berbeda nyata ( P>0,05).
TINGKAT KEBERHASILAN INSEMINASI BUATAN DOUBLE DOSIS PADA SAPI PERSILANGAN ONGOLE DENGAN KUALITAS BERAHI YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Ansori Alifian Ibnu , Kuswati Kuswati , Huda Asri Nurul , Prafitri Rizki , Anugra Yekti Aulia Puspita , Susilawati Trinil
Published: August 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat keberhasilan inseminasi buatan double dosis pada jam ke-8 dan jam ke-16 pada sapi Persilangan Ongole dengan kualitas berahi yang berbeda. Materi dalam penelitian ini menggunakan 25 ekor sapi betina Persilangan Ongole yang dipilih secara purposive. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi langsung di lapang, dengan menyeleksi sapi betina dengan kriteria BCS >3, umur >1,5 tahun dan telah melahirkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan semen beku pejantan Limousin yang diproduksi oleh Balai Besar Inseminasi Buatan (BBIB) Singosari, Malang. Hasil penelitian menujukkan persentase karakteristik yaitu Non Return Rate (NRR-1, NRR-2) masing-masing 92,31% dan 58,33%, Conception Rate (CR) 38,46% dan 25%, Pregnancy Rate (PR) 53,85% dan 50%. Suhu Vagina 37,0-37,9ºC dan >38,0ºC NRR-1, NRR-2 masing-masing 77,78% dan 57,14%, CR 14,28% dan 33,33%, PR 42,86% dan 55,56%. Lendir servik (ada, basah, sedikit) dan (ada, basah, banyak) NRR-1, NRR-2 masing-masing 89,47% dan 16,67%, CR 31,58% dan 16,67%, PR 47,37% dan 66,67%. Lendir Servik pH 7 dan pH 8 NRR-1, NRR-2 masing-masing 77,78% dan 68,75%, CR 11,11% dan 37,50%, PR 44,44% dan 56,25%. Nilai HD 21-30 dan 31-40 NRR-1, NRR-2 masing-masing 50% dan 82,35%, CR 12,50% dan 35,29%, PR 50% dan 52,94%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa karakteristik warna vulva merah, suhu vagina >38ºC, karakteristik lendir (ada, basah, banyak), lendir servik pH 8 dan nilai HD 31-40, memberikan persentase kebuntingan yang lebih tinggi.
Effects of sea ice cover, temperature and predation on the stock dynamics of the key Arctic fish species polar cod Boreogadus saida
Authors: Dupont N , Durant JM , Gjøsæter H , Langangen Ø , Stige LC
Published: August 2021

Climate change has large effects on population dynamics of fish species in high latitude ecosystems. Arctic fish stocks experience multiple pressures with changing abiotic living conditions and increased competition and predation from boreal species. However, there are many unknowns regarding how environmental change influences the dynamics of those populations. Here, we focused on the Barents Sea polar cod, a pan-Arctic zooplanktivorous key fish species physiologically and ecologically adapted to the presence of sea ice. We developed an age-resolved Bayesian state-space model of the dynamics of polar cod based on 30 yr of survey data (1986-2015). Using this model, we quantified how inter-annual changes in abundance were associated with abiotic variables (temperature and sea ice cover) and biotic variables (prey biomasses and a predation index). Using the model output, we used a hindcast scenario approach to investigate to which degree the observed variations in total population size were related to the abiotic or biotic variables. Our results showed that variation in abundance of young polar cod (ages 0 and 1) was best explained by abiotic variables while variation in the older age groups (ages 3 and 4) was best explained by predation. Hindcast scenarios showed that the abiotic variables had a more evident effect than predation on population dynamics, but none of the variables we considered could explain the drastic population decline observed in recent years. Our work shows the advantages of studying age-specific responses as a stepping stone to understand changes at the population level.
EFFECTS OF CHANGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: THE CASE OF ETHIO TELECOM SOUTH REGION ETHIOPIA
Authors: Gemechu Aman , Ibrahim Wake Mustefa
Published: August 2021

The main objective of this study was to
investigate the effect of change management practices on
organization performance in the case of ethio telecom
south region. To attain this objective, 50 males and 19
females totally (69) respondents were selected using simple
random sampling. The population of the study was
employees, supervisors and managers of ethio telecom
south region. Simple Random sampling was used to select
the appropriate sample of the respondent and the shops
were selected by purposive sampling with respect to
balanced scorecard management practices, kaizen
philosophy management practice and standard quality
circle management practice. Descriptive research designs
as well qualitative and quantitative research approach
were employed in conducting the study. Data was collected
using questionnaires and interviews and analyzed using
SPSS Version 24. Descriptive analysis namely percentage,
mean, standard deviation and inferential analysis namely
multiple linear regression were employed. The study
indicated that balanced scored cared, kaizen and standard
quality circle management practiced in ethio telecom south
region occasionally. Moreover, this study revealed that
balanced scored cared, kaizen and standard quality circle
management practice contributed to ethio telecom south
region organizational performance to a great extent. The
study also showed that there was significant relationship
between balanced scored cared, kaizen and standard
quality circle management practices and organizational
performance of ethio telecom south region. This study
further revealed that balanced scored card, kaizen and
standard quality circle management practices had a
positive effect on organizational performance of ethio
telecom south region. Likewise, this study showed that
kaizen management practice is statistically significant in
predicting organizational performance. More importantly,
this study recommended ethio telecom south region to
practice the balanced scorecard
TRADISI KASEBU MASYARAKAT WASILOMATA DI DESA WASILOMATA II KECAMATAN MAWASANGKA KABUPATEN BUTON TENGAH: 1930-2018
Authors: Maeu Aris , Asmawati Evang , Hermina Sitti
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tradisi upacara Kasebu masyarakat Wasilomata di Desa Wasilomata II Kecamatan Mawasangka Kabupaten Buton Tengah 1930-2018. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode sejarah dengan tahapan-tahapan kerja, yaitu; (1) Pemilihan Topik, (2) Pengumpulan Sumber, (3) Verifikasi Sumber, (4) Interpretasi Sumber, (5) Historiografi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) upacara Kasebu adalah upacara syukuran atas hasil panen kebun yang dilaksanakan masyarakat daerah Mawasangka yang telah ada sejak tahun 1930, (2) tradisi upacara Kasebu telah mengalami perubahan dari proses pelaksanaan tradisi upacara Kasebu yang pertama seiring dengan perubahan zaman. Perubahan dalam tradisi upacara Kasebu yaitu adu fisik (potumbu 1980-2018), perubahan tempat tradisi Kasebu 2001-2018, pembawaan sesajen (Dula 2000-2018), serta mengunjungi mata air gelap (Kahohondo) dan air baru (Oe Buou 2005-2018).
Association Between Changes in Physical Activity and New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation After ICD/CRT-D Implantation
Authors: Sun Xuerong , Zhao Shuang , Chen Keping , Hua Wei , Su Yangang , Xu Wei , Wang Fang , Fan Xiaohan , Dai Yan , Liu Zhimin , Zhang Shu
Published: August 2021

Background: Changes in physical activity (PA) after implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) or cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators (CRT-D) implantation were unknown. The association of PA changes with new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF), cardiac death and all-cause mortality was unclear in patients at high risk of sudden cardiac death.

Methods: Patients receiving ICD/CRT-D implantation from SUMMIT registry were retrospectively analyzed. Changes in PA were considered from baseline status to 1 year after implantation. New-onset AF was defined as the first atrial high-rate episode ≥1% of the daily AF burden detected after implantation.

Results: Over a mean follow-up of 50.3 months, 124 new-onset AF events (36.2%), 61 cardiac deaths (17.8%), and 87 all-cause deaths (25.4%) were observed in 343 patients with ICD/CRT-D implantation. PA at 1 year after implantation was increased compared with PA at baseline (11.97 ± 5.83% vs. 10.82 ± 5.43%, P = 0.008), and PA at 1 year was improved in 210 patients (61.2%). Per 1% decrease in PA was associated with 12.4, 18.3, and 14.3% higher risks of new-onset AF, cardiac death and all-cause mortality, regardless of different baseline characteristics. Patients with decreased PA had 2-fold risks of new-onset AF (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.972, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.352–2.877, P < 0.001) as high as those with unchanged/increased PA. Decreased PA was an independent risk factor for cardiac death (HR = 3.358, 95% CI: 1.880–5.996, P < 0.001) and all-cause mortality (HR = 2.803, 95% CI:1.732–4.535, P < 0.001).

Conclusion: PA decrease after ICD/CRT-D implantation is associated with a higher incidence of new-onset AF, resulting in worsened outcomes in cardiac death and all-cause mortality.
Shale Gas Exploration Potential in Southwestern Shandong Province of Eastern China
Authors: Cuifang Li , Xinglong Huang , Yubao Shao , Fengke Dou
Published: August 2021

The shale layers of the Permian Shanxi Formation and Taiyuan Formation in the southwestern part of Shandong Province are marine-continental transitional sedimentary facies. When compared with the Ordos Basin, which was a typical breakthrough in marine-continental transitional shale gas exploration, the geological characteristics, exploration, and development prospects of marine-continental transitional shale gas in the southwestern section of Shandong Province are more defined. The shale gas deposits of the Shanxi and Taiyuan Formations in southwestern Shandong Province have the following geological characteristics. The sedimentary environments of Shanxi and Taiyuan Formations are considered to be stable and characterized with widely distributed organic-rich shale, which can be used as composite evaluation layers. The total thickness of the shale range is between 140 and 350 m, with an average of 230 m. The main types of organic matter in the Shanxi Formation are Type Ⅲ and Type Ⅱ2 kerogen, while the main types of organic matter in the Taiyuan Formation are rock types. The abundance and maturity of the organic matter are high, and the gas generating capacity is strong. The reservoir rock mineral composition is complex in the region. The clay mineral content is relatively high and the brittle mineral content is rich. Also, the shale fracturing ability is good. The region has the characteristics of a low porosity and low permeability reservoir, with relatively good reservoir capacity. Three primary points of interest have stably been developed within the region, which are located in the upper high water level system, near the initial flood surface, and the majority of flood surface, including a transgressive system tract and high level system tract. The total gas content is estimated to range between 0.03 and 4.47 m3/t, with an average of 0.30 m3/t. The shale gas resources are rich, including one favorable Class I location with an area of 819.06 km2 and a resource amount of 985.84 × 108 m3; four favorable Class Ⅱ locations with an area of 1,979.68 km2 and a resource amount of 2,278.14 × 108 m3; and five prospective locations with an area of 8,385.52 km2 and a resource amount of 7,299.48 × 108 m3. Therefore, the region was considered to have major exploration potential.
Systematic Influence of Circulating Bilirubin Levels on Osteoporosis
Authors: Zhao Jinqiu , Zhang Muzi , Quan Zhengxue , Deng Liang , Li Yongguo , He Bin
Published: August 2021

Observational studies report some association between circulating bilirubin levels and osteoporosis, but it is unknown if this association is causal or confounded. In this two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study, we included a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) associated with total bilirubin levels among 317,639 people, a large meta-analysis to identify genetic variants associated with bone mineral density (BMD) estimated by heel quantitative ultrasound (eBMD) among 426,824 individuals and fracture among 1.2 million individuals. The results revealed that circulating bilirubin levels had no causal influence on eBMD (beta-estimate: 0.004, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.019 to 0.028, SE:0.012, P-value=0.705) or the risk of fracture (beta-estimate: -0.009, 95% CI: -0.035 to 0.017, SE:0.013, P-value=0.488), which were both confirmed by multiple sensitivity analyses. Our results confirm that circulating bilirubin levels have no causal role in eBMD or the incidence of fracture, indicating that circulating bilirubin levels is unlikely to be a causal risk factor for osteoporosis or fracture.
Plant Phenology Dynamics and Pollination Networks in Summits of the High Tropical Andes: A Baseline for Monitoring Climate Change Impacts
Authors: Pelayo Roxibell C. , Llambí Luis D. , Gámez Luis E. , Barrios Yeni C. , Ramirez Lirey A. , Torres J. Eloy , Cuesta Francisco
Published: August 2021

Analyzing plant phenology and plant–animal interaction networks can provide sensitive mechanistic indicators to understand the response of alpine plant communities to climate change. However, monitoring data to analyze these processes is scarce in alpine ecosystems, particularly in the highland tropics. The Andean páramos constitute the coldest biodiversity hotspot on Earth, and their species and ecosystems are among the most exposed and vulnerable to the effects of climate change. Here, we analyze for the first time baseline data for monitoring plant phenological dynamics and plant–pollinator networks along an elevation gradient between 4,200 and 4,600 m asl in three mountain summits of the Venezuelan Andes, which are part of the GLORIA monitoring network. We estimated the presence and density of plants with flowers in all the summits and in permanent plots, every month for 1 year. Additionally, we identified pollinators. We calculated a phenological overlap index between species. We summarized the plant–pollinator interactions as a bipartite matrix and represented a quantitative plant–pollinator network, calculating structural properties (grade, connectance, nestedness, and specialization). We also evaluated whether the overall network structure was influenced by differences in sampling effort, changes in species composition between summits, and phenology of the plant species. Finally, we characterized the pollination syndrome of all species. Flowering showed a marked seasonality, with a peak toward the end of the wet season. The overall phenological overlap index was low (0.32), suggesting little synchrony in flowering among species. Species richness of both plants and pollinators decreased along the elevation gradient. Flies, bumblebees, and hummingbirds were the most frequent pollinators in the network, while entomophily and anemophily were the prevailing pollination syndromes. The interaction network in all summits showed high connectance values, significant specialization (H2), and low nestedness. We did not find a significant effect of sampling effort, summit plant species composition, or plant phenology on network structure. Our results indicate that these high tropical alpine plant communities and their plant-pollination networks could be particularly vulnerable to the loss of species in climate change scenarios, given their low species richness and functional redundancy coupled with a high degree of specialization and endemism.
Antibiotic Intervention Affects Maternal Immunity During Gestation in Mice
Authors: Benner Marilen , Lopez-Rincon Alejandro , Thijssen Suzan , Garssen Johan , Ferwerda Gerben , Joosten Irma , van der Molen Renate G. , Hogenkamp Astrid
Published: August 2021

Background

Pregnancy is a portentous stage in life, during which countless events are precisely orchestrated to ensure a healthy offspring. Maternal microbial communities are thought to have a profound impact on development. Although antibiotic drugs may interfere in these processes, they constitute the most frequently prescribed medication during pregnancy to prohibit detrimental consequences of infections. Gestational antibiotic intervention is linked to preeclampsia and negative effects on neonatal immunity. Even though perturbations in the immune system of the mother can affect reproductive health, the impact of microbial manipulation on maternal immunity is still unknown.

Aim

To assess whether antibiotic treatment influences maternal immunity during pregnancy.

Methods

Pregnant mice were treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. The maternal gut microbiome was assessed. Numerous immune parameters throughout the maternal body, including placenta and amniotic fluid were investigated and a novel machine-learning ensemble strategy was used to identify immunological parameters that allow distinction between the control and antibiotic-treated group.

Results

Antibiotic treatment reduced diversity of maternal microbiota, but litter sizes remained unaffected. Effects of antibiotic treatment on immunity reached as far as the placenta. Four immunological features were identified by recursive feature selection to contribute to the most robust classification (splenic T helper 17 cells and CD5+ B cells, CD4+ T cells in mesenteric lymph nodes and RORγT mRNA expression in placenta).

Conclusion

In the present study, antibiotic treatment was able to affect the carefully coordinated immunity during pregnancy. These findings highlight the importance of inclusion of immunological parameters when studying the effects of medication used during gestation.
Slowed Saccadic Reaction Times in Seemingly Normal Parts of Glaucomatous Visual Fields
Authors: Thepass Gijs , Lemij Hans G. , Vermeer Koenraad A. , van der Steen Johannes , Pel Johan J. M.
Published: August 2021

Purpose: In eye movement perimetry, peripheral stimuli are confirmed by goal-directed eye movements toward the stimulus. The saccadic reaction time (SRT) is regarded as an index of visual field responsiveness, whereas in standard automated perimetry (SAP), the visual field sensitivity is tested. We investigated the relation between visual field sensitivity and responsiveness in corresponding locations of the visual field in healthy controls and in patients with mild, moderate and advanced glaucoma.

Materials and Methods: Thirty-four healthy control subjects and 42 glaucoma patients underwent a 54-point protocol in eye movement perimetry (EMP) and a 24-2 SITA standard protocol in a Humphrey Field Analyzer. The visual field points were stratified by total deviation sensitivity loss in SAP into 6 strata. A generalized linear mixed model was applied to determine the influence of the various factors.

Results: The generalized linear mixed model showed that the mean SRT increased with increasing glaucoma severity, from 479 ms in the control eyes to 678 ms in the eyes of patients with advanced glaucoma (p < 0.001). Mean SRTs significantly increased with increasing SAP sensitivity loss. Even at the locations where no sensitivity loss was detected by SAP (total deviation values greater or equal than 0 dB), we found lengthened SRTs in mild, moderate and advanced glaucoma compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05) and in moderate and advanced glaucoma compared to mild glaucoma (p < 0.05). At locations with total deviation values between 0 and −3 dB, −3 and −6 dB and −6 and −12 dB, we found similar differences.

Conclusions: The lengthened SRT in areas with normal retinal sensitivities in glaucomatous eyes, i.e., planning and execution of saccades to specific locations, precede altered sensory perception as assessed with SAP. Better understanding of altered sensory processing in glaucoma might allow earlier diagnosis of emerging glaucoma.