bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Моторные инверсии как ресурс индивидуализации человеческой активности
Authors: Sevostyanov Dmitry A.
Published: May 2020

В статье рассматриваются факторы, определяющие индивидуальность человеческой активности. Показано, что традиционная модель человеческой активности учитывает не все такие факторы. Цель исследования – проанализировать недостаточно изученные индивидуализирующие факторы в системе активности человека. Важнейшим ресурсом, создающим моторную индивидуальность, являются инверсии в иерархической системе человеческой активности. Исследование базируется на концепции уровней моторного построения Н. А. Бернштейна. Инверсии представляют собой форму отношений между иерархически соподчиненными уровнями человеческой активности, при которой низший уровень приобретает главенствующие черты, формально оставаясь в своем прежнем подчиненном положении. В статье показан ряд примеров моторных инверсий. Отдельно обозначены симптоматические инверсии, при которых свойства высшего моторного уровня проявляются в низшем моторном уровне, и реальные инверсии, которые становятся проявлением действительных системных противоречий в человеческой моторике. Приведенные результаты показывают необходимость исследования системных инверсий в структуре человеческой активности, и одновременно демонстрируют важность изучения инверсий как общей формы отношений в сложных иерархических системах. Игнорирование инверсий не позволяет сформировать адекватную модель человеческой активности. Статья предназначена для всех читателей, интересующихся философскими проблемами телесности.
Экстенсии как техносоматические сборки: к истории одной идеи
Authors: Sokolovskiy Sergei V.
Published: May 2020

В статье рассматривается более чем полуторавековая история понятия экстенсия, введенного в широкий оборот американским антропологом, основателем проксемики Эдвардом Холлом, и использование этого понятия в ряде дисциплин, включая антропоэкологию, психоанализ, теорию медиа и социологию. Определяется вклад отдельных исследователей в разработку этого понятия и сопряженных или конкурирующих с ним концептов. Определяется место экстенсий в ряду других типов техносоматических сборок. Предлагается рабочая типология самих экстенсий, учитывающая их относительные размеры, топологическое положение относительно тела и конкретные функции или способности человека, которые эти экстенсии усиливают, или заменяют и вытесняют. Анализ истории развития понятия экстенсия позволяет утверждать, что все артефакты человеческой культуры могут рассматриваться как экстенсии определенных телесных органов или функций, как их продолжение или амплификация, и что тело и психика человека еще до его рождения оказываются сопряженными со множеством технических артефактов (инструментов, аппаратов, машин, инфраструктур) и выступают в качестве элементов техносоматических ассамбляжей. Экстенсия как особый тип гибридной техносоматической реальности, как химерическое понятие, объединяющее в своем содержании телесное (природное) и произведенное человеком (культурное, техническое, искусственное), становится в такой расширенной трактовке синонимом техники или культуры в целом, мостом между психикой и телом, с одной стороны, и миром технокультурных артефактов, с другой. Кратко рассматриваются следствия этого утверждения для исследований человеческих телесности, смерти и памяти.
Новый взгляд на Homo Sovieticus: мужское тело в фильмах Киры Муратовой
Authors: Roberts Graham
Published: May 2020

Один из парадоксов мейнстримного советского кино заключался в том, что оно имело склонность «создавать зрелище «маскулинной телесности, не привлекая (по большей части) внимания к ней в откровенном смысле. Тело героя было мифологизировано в патриархальных структурах, что воспринималось, как естественное положение вещей. В данной работе рассматриваются различные пути, с помощью которых режиссер Кира Муратова бросает вызов этой культурной парадигме, выдвигая на первый план более откровенное мужское тело, тем самым разрушая мужской взгляд на вещи. В этом отношении фильмы Киры Муратовой бросают вызов архетипичным образам маскулинности (и фемининности), распространенным не только в Советском Союзе или в мейнстримном кино, но и во многих других странах.
The english translation of Grazia Deledda’s La Madre and the relevance of culture in translating Landscape metaphor
Authors: Fois Eleonora
Published: May 2020

Este artigo explora o impacto da estrutura cultural do tradutor na tradução da metáfora relacionada à paisagem por meio de uma análise contrastiva de La madre, de Grazia Deledda, Prêmio Nobel de Literatura, e a tradução de 1922, The Mother, realizada por Mary Steegman. A cultura influencia a visão da natureza ao fornecer normas e ideologias distintas sobre como as pessoas se relacionam com os outros e com o mundo natural. A linguagem do espaço de Deledda se originou de uma percepção subjetiva, assim como seu uso de metáforas relacionadas ao espaço. Na tradução, no entanto, a negociação de significado envolvendo metáforas da paisagem se torna mais complexa. A percepção subjetiva e a individualidade do autor do original se sobrepõem à subjetividade do tradutor, que impacta o texto de chegada com consequências políticas e ideológicas. Esta contribuição examina em particular o antropomorfismo e a relação entre metáfora e símile. Argumentar-se-á que a interpretação do tradutor pode remodelar o relacionamento e a compreensão dos leitores-alvo desse cenário. A análise será baseada na teoria conceitual de metáfora  e na hipótese de tradução cognitiva de Mandelblit (1995). A ecoestilística fornecerá uma estrutura adicional para examinar os padrões que revelam a abordagem do tradutor em relação à natureza e paisagem.
Un Voyage à travers les idées en Amazonie au XVIIIE siècle: La Comdamine, tradução e cultura
Authors: Medeiros Samuel Lucena de , Santos Tatiana De Lima Pedrosa , Costa Walter Carlos
Published: May 2020

Este trabalho objetiva o diálogo entre História, Antropologia e Estudos da Tradução, com enfoque na Tradução Cultural. Para tal, parte-se do exemplo dos relatos deixados pelo cronista e viajante francês La Condamine, que expedicionou a Amazônia em finais da primeira metade do século XVIII, publicando seus registros quando de seu retorno ao continente europeu. Utiliza-se aqui recentes discussões, através das quais se torna possível entrever nos relatos indicações do uso da tradução cultural, em suas diferentes instâncias. Apresenta-se uma breve introdução, seguida de contextualização teórico-epistemológica e histórica concernente ao trabalho do cientista francês e sua figura científica. Aborda-se também a tradução cultural e como pode ser pensada, de forma a preparar o leitor para o próximo tópico, que entrecruzando as discussões anteriores, mostra exemplos de tradução cultural nos textos de La Condamine em várias manifestações, sejam elas idiomáticas, linguísticas ou etnocêntricas e das considerações finais. A partir da abordagem proposta e das discussões desenvolvidas, pode-se pensar em diferentes formas de leitura de registros históricos dos viajantes, destacando-se o potencial que apresentam para análises nos campos dos estudos culturais e tradutórios, dentre os quais os do autor analisado são ricos exemplos do contato com o “outro”.
Poesia religiosa e tradução: leitura de um poema de Jean Grosjean
Authors: Simpson Pablo
Published: May 2020

Este artigo propõe analisar a tradução de um poema de Jean Grosjean publicado em La lueur des jours (1991), questionando, a partir de seu vocabulário, estrutura, musicalidade e ritmo, e, igualmente, a partir do que assinala Henri Meschonnic em Poétique du traduire (1999) quanto às suas traduções de textos religiosos, o possível lugar de tradução de um poema de dimensão religiosa.
A tradução em tempos sombrios
Authors: Pimentel Davi Andrade
Published: May 2020

A partir do livro As últimas testemunhas, de Svetlana Aleksiévitch, este artigo analisa a tensão entre o traduzível e o intraduzível dos testemunhos dos sobreviventes do Leste Europeu da Segunda Guerra Mundial, partindo de três movimentos de intraduzibilidade: o excesso do real, a falta da palavra e as pseudotestemunhas.
Interpretação jurídica para língua de sinais: repensando as dimensões históricas, sociológica, políticas e de formação profissional
Authors: Souza Rosemeri Bernieri de
Published: May 2020

Neste artigo, proponho discutir a interpretação jurídica entre línguas de sinais e línguas faladas sob os aspectos históricos, sociológicos, políticos e de formação profissional. Dentro dessa perspectiva, este trabalho se caracteriza como uma pesquisa exploratória, pela qual se estabelece o estado da arte dessa especialidade.  A partir de textos legais e projetos de formação, que são discutidos e interpretados com base nos argumentos de autores como Santos (2016); Santos e Francisco (2018);  Russell (b); Roberson, Russell e Shaw (2011), é possível elencar as necessidades e dificuldades que devem ser contornadas por políticas de tradução e políticas linguísticas adequadas. Chega-se, então, à conclusão de que é imprescindível: (i) reparar as incoerências que se encontram nos dispositivos legais; (ii) construir políticas de tradução juntamente com os profissionais, agentes surdos e entidades que os representam; (iii) favorecer a profissionalização, a fim de responder às necessidades e dificuldades encontradas na prática dos intérpretes. Este trabalho reforça, assim, outros discursos e esforços que têm sido realizados nesse âmbito, acrescentando informações à construção de um design curricular que contemple as especificidades dessa especialização, de forma que o profissional adquira confiança e competências para desempenhar um trabalho capaz de promover a justiça social e o direito linguístico.
Vaya con Dios, Kemosabe: the multilingual space of westerns from 1945 to 1976
Authors: Hanes William
Published: May 2020

Considerando-se que o espaço mítico do Faroeste ajudou a dar forma ao modo como os norte-americanos veem a si mesmos, e também ao modo como o mundo os têm visto, a caracterização da interação entre o nativo americano, o hispânico e o anglófono é merecedora de um exame mais minucioso. Para que se obtivesse um corpus com diacronia substancial, todos os faroestes no National Registry of Films produzidos entre o fim da Segunda Guerra Mundial e o bicentenário americano (1945-1976), ou seja, o ápice cultural do gênero, foram analisados considerando-se a presença de língua estrangeira e de interpretação, as relações entre inglês e poder social, e mudanças no decorrer do tempo. A análise demonstrou que, apesar de o inglês ser universalmente a língua do poder, e de o status social dos personagens poder ser medido por sua fluência, houve presença significativa de língua estrangeira, principalmente de espanhol (em 63% dos filmes), com alguma forma de interpretação ocorrendo em metade dos filmes. Questões de identidade cultural se mostraram associadas com o multilinguismo e, apesar de nenhum padrão diacrônico ter sido encontrado na distribuição de língua estrangeira, o protagonismo de hispânicos e de nativos americanos cresceu com o tempo. Determinou-se um espectro de abordagens narrativas/cinemáticas da língua estrangeira que poderia ser útil para futuras pesquisas sobre a apresentação de estrangeiros e de sua língua nas artes dramáticas.
Laviosa, Sara. Translation and Language Education: Pedagogical Approaches Explored, New York and London: Routledge, 2014. 174 p.
Authors: Paula Socorro Gardenia Carvalho de
Published: May 2020

Laviosa, Sara. Translation and Language Education: Pedagogical Approaches Explored, New York and London: Routledge, 2014. 174 p.
Ilustradores, autores e tradutores
Authors: Pirandello Luigi , Ferreira Diego Silveira Coelho , Guerini Andréia
Published: May 2020

Tradução do texto em italiano "Illustratori, attori e traduttori", de Luigi Pirandello, para o português brasileiro.
Characterizing quasi-biweekly variability of the Asian monsoon anticyclone using potential vorticity and large-scale geopotential field
Authors: Amemiya Arata , Sato Kaoru
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The spatial pattern of subseasonal variability of the Asian monsoon anticyclone is analyzed using long-term reanalysis data, focusing on the large-scale longitudinal movement. The air inside the anticyclone is quantified by a thickness-weighted low PV area on an isentropic surface. It is shown that the longitudinal movement of the air inside the Asian monsoon anticyclone has a timescale of one to two weeks, which is shorter than the monthly dominant timescale of the variability in the anticyclone intensity. The movement of the anticyclonic air is suggested to be largely controlled by passive advection. The typical time evolution of the variability pattern, explained by two leading EOF components of 100 hPa geopotential height, shows large-scale geopotential anomalies moving westward spanning from low to middle latitudes. This corresponds well with the rapid westward movement of low-PV air known as eddy shedding and following eastward retreat of the anticyclonic air. The two EOF components can also explain the bimodal longitudinal distribution of geopotential maximum location.
Contested conservation – neglected corporeality: the case of the Namib wild horses
Authors: Pütz Robert , Schlottmann Antje
Published: May 2020

Abstract. This paper is concerned with a herd of wild horses that struggles to survive in the Namib Desert. This case, we argue, reveals ambivalences and critical paradoxes that go along with putting nature–culture dualisms into conservation practice. At the same time, we argue that there are aspects of bio-power involved which cannot be understood properly without taking into account the sphere of the body. We hence analyse in detail the “struggles over nature” that enfold around the questions of whether and with what means humans should intervene in the predicted extinction of the horses. Thereupon, we elucidate the relationships between sustainable conservation work and the symbolic as well as material practices of territorialization. Our investigation then puts focus on the fact that the conflictual border work appears also as an incorporated practice of subjects. Thus, while elaborating on a phenomenological approach, we explore the field of a contested conservation by employing the concept of intercorporeality. Such a “more-than-discursive” approach to human–animal relations, we finally argue, helps to reposition research for conservation as well as conservation practice towards learning about, and with, the lived bodies of all actors involved.
Evaluation of 18 satellite- and model-based soil moisture products using in situ measurements from 826 sensors
Authors: Beck Hylke E. , Pan Ming , Miralles Diego G. , Reichle Rolf H. , Dorigo Wouter A. , Hahn Sebastian , Sheffield Justin , Karthikeyan Lanka , Balsamo Gianpaolo , Parinussa Robert M. , van Dijk Albert I. J. M. , Du Jinyang , Kimball John S. , Vergopolan Noemi , Wood Eric F.
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Information about the spatiotemporal variability of soil moisture is critical for many purposes, including monitoring of hydrologic extremes, irrigation scheduling, and prediction of agricultural yields. We evaluated the temporal dynamics of 18 state-of-the-art (quasi-)global near-surface soil moisture products, including six based on satellite retrievals, six based on models without satellite data assimilation (referred to hereafter as open-loop models), and six based on models that assimilate satellite soil moisture or brightness temperature data. Seven of the products are introduced for the first time in this study: one multi-sensor merged satellite product called MeMo and six estimates from the HBV model with three precipitation inputs (ERA5, IMERG, and MSWEP) and with and without assimilation of SMAPL3E satellite retrievals, respectively. As reference, we used in situ soil moisture measurements between 2015 and 2019 at 5-cm depth from 826 sensors, located primarily in the USA and Europe. The 3-hourly Pearson correlation (R) was chosen as the primary performance metric. The median R ± interquartile range across all sites and products in each category was 0.66 ± 0.30 for the satellite products, 0.69 ± 0.25 for the open-loop models, and 0.72 ± 0.22 for the models with satellite data assimilation. The best-to-worst performance ranking of the four single-sensor satellite products was SMAPL3E, SMOS, AMSR2, and ASCAT, with the L-band-based SMAPL3E (median R of 0.72) outperforming the others at 50 % of the sites. Among the two multi-sensor satellite products (MeMo and ESA-CCI), MeMo performed better on average (median R of 0.72 versus 0.67), mainly due to the inclusion of SMAPL3E. The best-to-worst performance ranking of the six open-loop models was HBV-MSWEP, HBV-ERA5, ERA5-Land, HBV-IMERG, VIC-PGF, and GLDAS-Noah. This ranking largely reflects the quality of the precipitation forcing. HBV-MSWEP (median R of 0.78) performed best not just among the open-loop models but among all products. The calibration of HBV improved the median R by +0.12 on average compared to random parameters, highlighting the importance of model calibration. The best-to-worst performance ranking of the six models with satellite data assimilation was HBV-MSWEP+SMAPL3E, HBV-ERA5+SMAPL3E, GLEAM, SMAPL4, HBV-IMERG+SMAPL3E, and ERA5. The assimilation of SMAPL3E retrievals into HBV-IMERG improved the median R by +0.06, suggesting that data assimilation yields significant benefits at the global scale.
Wind tunnel testing of wake steering with dynamic wind direction changes
Authors: Campagnolo Filippo , Weber Robin , Schreiber Johannes , Bottasso Carlo L.
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The performance of an open-loop wake steering controller is investigated with a new unique set of wind tunnel experiments. A cluster of three scaled wind turbines, placed on a large turntable, is exposed to a turbulent inflow and dynamically changing wind directions, resulting in dynamically varying wake interactions. The changes in wind direction were sourced and scaled from a field-measured time history and mirrored on to the movement of the turntable. Exploiting the known, repeatable and controllable conditions of the wind tunnel, this study investigates the following effects: fidelity of the model used for synthesizing the controller, assumption of steady state vs. dynamic plant behavior, wind direction uncertainty, the robustness of the formulation in regard to this uncertainty, and a finite yaw rate. The results were analyzed for power production of the cluster, fatigue loads and yaw actuator duty cycle. The study highlights the importance of using a robust formulation and plant flow models of appropriate fidelity, and the existence of possible margins for improvement by the use of dynamic controllers.
Desarrollo regional e innovación social en el autoempleo: estudio del caso de los programas de reactivación comarcal como iniciativa pública
Authors: Azanza Martínez de Luco Garazi , Iglesias Sánchez Anaïs , Henry Moreno Garbiñe , Alejos Garmendia Beatriz
Published: May 2020

La aplicación de la innovación social en el ámbito de la empleabilidad es cada vez más reconocida por las instituciones. Desde la Diputación Foral de Bizkaia se ha implementado el Programa de Reactivación Comarcal (PRC) para la promoción del autoempleo, principalmente entre personas jóvenes, personas desempleadas de larga duración y mayores de 45 años con especiales dificultades de reincorporación al mercado de trabajo. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el PRC como buena práctica de innovación social en materia de empleo.
Job Insecurity and Burnout among Teachers in Turkey
Authors: Çetin Cemile , Çolak Murat
Published: May 2020

In personal perceptions and evaluations, job insecurity is one of the facts that threaten employment and assurance to stay at work as a result of the ever-changing conditions of working life beyond finding a job. The negative results of the processes that cannot be coped with in the working life also constitute burnout. Like job insecurity, burnout emerges as a multi-dimensional and chronic response of personalized and failed efforts to manage various negative stress conditions. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between job insecurity and burnout. The hypothesis of the research was tested on 224 teachers working in the public sector. In addition, the sample group was asked if they had experienced unemployment and life changes that occurred when they experienced unemployment were also determined. The results of the study confirmed the relationship between job insecurity and burnout and revealed that teachers were less affected by burnout as their employability increased.
Greek Economic Crisis and Changes in HR Management The Case of Greek Structural Design Engineers
Authors: Xanthakis George
Published: May 2020

Nowadays the modern business operates in an ever-changing environment that is strongly influenced by technological, political, social, economic and scientific developments. Its future and success are based on its ability to manage properly and to develop its human resources that are the most important and at the same time the most difficult resource.Because of the economic crisis that started on 2008 the work environment worldwide changed in a great number of organizations. This sudden change of organization generated new topics in the field of organizations. Leadership and motivation in the workplace are two of them.The current work paper focuses on the in-depth analysis of a small group of employees (qualitative research) in a workplace with a strong influence from the Greek economic crisis, although in the last years was one of the main sectors of the economy.In the first part is presented the social and working face of Greece, the timeline of Greek crisis and its consequences. An empirical research conducted within the changing environmenent, its results, conclusions and recommendations complete the current paper. The outcome highlights the need of Great leadership, communication and inside motivation within the economic crisis environment.
The Relationship between Ethical Leadership Styles and Employees Effective Work Practices
Authors: Bhana Anrusha , Bayat Mohamed Saheed
Published: May 2020

South African Higher ]Education Institutions are diverse, highly debated by academia as well as the portfolio committee on higher education and structured with a strong focus on the customer being students, with a negligible concern for the academic and professional employees. The revolutionary changes at Higher Education Institution have gestured the importance of both leadership and employees to support the transformational strategy at these institutions. Higher Education transformation has a lot to do with leadership - not the leadership of the Vice-chancellor, but the leadership of a collective of people, executive management leadership, line management leadership, academics and administration, and other stakeholders (MacGregor, 2015:28; 2012). The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between the ethical leadership style of line management leadership, and academic and administrative at a South African Higher Education Institution in KwaZulu-Natal. Data analysis utilized a quantitative method with an academic sample size of 165 (52.9%) and administrative sample size of 147 (47.1%). The study used descriptive and linear regression analysis to examine the two variables. The descriptive findings revealed that ethical leadership style was not present at the line management leadership level. The inferential analysis findings exhibited a significant strong linear relationship of 74.7% between line management leadership and employee items. Data analysis revealed that line management leadership style had an impact on employees’ performance and behavior at the institution. Thus, it is imperative to have a fully engaged workforce in order for an institution to achieve greater levels of innovation, intrapreneurship, design thinking and financial management.
Reaching for Peak Performance During Surgical Training: The Value in Assessment Tools and Critical Performance Measures
Authors: Louie Philip K. , McCarthy Michael H. , Albert Todd J. , Kim Han Jo
Published: May 2020

Peak performance is the ability to achieve optimal outcomes or performance of a given task in a consistent manner. Commonly studied in athletes and musicians, this topic is less often studied in medicine and rarely broached for trainees. However, residency is a crucial period of training where foundations for future success are sewn into habit and daily practice. As educators, we should aim to equip trainees with the tools necessary to achieve peak performance. Studies in athletes and musicians focus on achieving peak performance by setting goals, mastering skills through deliberate practice, perseverance, grit, and discipline. Mentorship is also an important element to streamline efforts for the trainee and help them to focus. In the following article, we review the current literature on applying these principles to surgical trainees to achieve peak performance.
The patient-urologist relationship in the COVID-19 era and beyond
Authors: Patel Hiren , Srivastava Arnav , Tabakin Alexandra L. , Jang Thomas L. , Singer Eric A.
Published: May 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has impeded health care delivery and may permanently transform the patient-urologist relationship. Here we examine the long-term implications of COVID-19 pandemic on this relationship and explore the impact it has on urologic care in the post-COVID-19 era.
Espiritualidade e resiliência na atenção domiciliar
Authors: Zandavalli Rafaela Brugalli , Da Silveira Júlia Barth dos Santos , Bueno Rubens Miqueletti , Dos Santos Daniel Teixeira , De Castro Filho Eno Dias , Mosqueiro Bruno Paz
Published: May 2020

Introdução: A atenção domiciliar (AD) caracteriza-se por práticas de cuidado que realizam abordagem integral do paciente em seu contexto familiar, socioeconômico e cultural. Religiosidade e espiritualidade atuam como mecanismos de fortalecimento da resiliência. Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre religiosidade e espiritualidade com resiliência em pacientes em AD de Unidades de Saúde de Atenção Primária à Saúde (US-APS) de Porto Alegre (RS), Brasil. Métodos: estudo quantitativo transversal e descritivo, incluindo 44 adultos de quatro US-APS em AD por condições crônicas e problemas de saúde controlados/compensados com alguma dependência para atividades da vida diária. Foram utilizadas escalas de religiosidade (DUREL), espiritualidade (ARES), resiliência (RS-14), funcionalidade (Katz), sintomas depressivos (PHQ-2), suporte social (mMOS-SS), classificação econômica (ABEP 2016) e grau de severidade das condições clínicas (CIRS-G). Resultados: Pacientes avaliados são majoritariamente de sexo feminino (72,7 %), idosas (média 74 anos), viúvas, brancas, de baixo estrato socioeconômico, baixa escolaridade, aposentadas, com tempo médio de 7,5 anos de restrição domiciliar e grau moderado de resiliência. Os entrevistados apresentam altos índices de religiosidade e espiritualidade, sendo que 90,9% apresentam alta religiosidade intrínseca e 79,6% realizam práticas religiosas privadas uma ou mais vezes ao dia. A maioria (88,6%) considera importante que sua religiosidade e espiritualidade seja abordada em seus atendimentos de saúde, mas somente 20,5% já foram questionados sobre tal temática. Resiliência associou-se à maior espiritualidade (B=0,44; p=0,02), controlando-se este efeito para suporte social e sintomas depressivos; e à maior idade (B=0,18; p=0,02). Conclusão: O estudo corrobora a relevância da dimensão de religiosidade e espiritualidade e indica seu papel na promoção de resiliência nesta população em AD. Recomenda-se a abordagem da religiosidade e espiritualidade com esses indivíduos, fortalecendo o cuidado integral preconizado pela APS.
O papel da atenção primária no combate ao Covid-19
Authors: Farias Luis Arthur Brasil Gadelha , Pessoa Colares Matheus , De Almeida Barreto Francisca Kalline , Pamplona de Góes Cavalcanti Luciano
Published: May 2020

A doença do novo Coronavírus (Covid-19) é causada pelo SARS-CoV-2 e representa o agente causador de uma doença potencialmente fatal que tem se revelado um problema de saúde pública global. A pandemia causada pelo Covid-19 tem causado prejuízos severos nos sistemas de saúde em diversos países. Diante do grande número de pessoas infectadas e da ausência de tratamento específico, várias nações têm enfrentado superlotação em seus hospitais. Com a confirmação de casos desta doença no Brasil, várias ações têm sido tomadas por gestores públicos e privados, tanto a nível hospitalar quanto em nível de atenção primária, a fim de minimizar os impactos para o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). O presente artigo apresenta uma breve análise do papel da atenção primária na luta contra o Covid-19 em âmbito nacional, além do impacto em saúde pública e das futuras perspectivas. Com base no grande número de pessoas infectadas no mundo e a experiência de diversos sistemas de saúde, torna-se imperativo a adaptação e adequação do SUS na condução de mecanismos de resposta para pandemia, sendo a atenção primária peça fundamental neste processo
Jugend und Europa
Authors: Funk David
Published: May 2020

In the study Jugend und Europa, a model of the effects of intergroup contacts in international youth exchanges is developed on the basis of theorems derived from Allport’s contact hypothesis. The effects of international youth work programmes in which European topics are approached from different angles are compared in the study. Exchanges in the context of school and non-formal settings as well as youth camps approaching intercultural topics without exchange were considered. The factors and conditions that are relevant for the development of a European identity and an active European Citizenship are portrayed. Furthermore, the impacts on the formation of tolerance and personality through international youth exchanges is investigated. Repeatedly conducting surveys over time allowed to identify both short- and long-term impacts.
Individual and Social Predictors of HIV Status Disclosure in HIV-Positive Individuals in Ahvaz, Khuzestan, Southwest of Iran
Authors: Hasanpour Shirin , Fakhouri Mansoureh , Mirghafourvand Mojgan
Published: May 2020

Background: Encouraging people who live with HIV (PWLH) to inform their sexual partner about HIV infection is an effective way to reduce the spread of HIV. It reduces the probability of HIV transmission by avoiding high-risk behaviors. Objectives: To determine the predictors of disclosure of HIV status to a sexual partner(s) in PWLH in Khuzestan province, Iran. Patients and Methods: The current descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional study was performed on 89 men and 31 women with HIV/AIDS. Data were collected from October 2016 to February 2017. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit participants. Socio-demographic and Kalichman HIV status disclosure questionnaires were used to collect data. The questionnaire was filled by participants. In addition to socio-demographic information, high-risk sexual behaviors, history of drug and alcohol use, number of sexual partners, and HIV status of the partner were also reported by participants. A multivariate linear regression model with a backward strategy was used to determine the predictors of HIV disclosure. Results: Half of the participants (49.1%) had two or more sexual partners. 46.7% of participants reported that the HIV status of sexual partners is unknown. Frequency of unprotected vaginal, anal, and oral relationship were 87.5%, 43.3%, and 58.5%, respectively. 71.7% of participants had a history of drug abuse, and 43.3% were current substance users. More than half (58.3%) had a history of imprisonment. Based on the multivariate linear regression model, the variables of employment status, HIV status of sexual partner, unprotected vaginal sex, unprotected anal sex, and recurrent consumption of narcotic drugs were predictors of HIV disclosure. These variables explained 58.7% of the variance in the total score of HIV disclosure. Conclusions: The present study highlighted the need for behavioral interventions, such as providing support and counseling with sexual partners of HIV patients about HIV preventive behaviors, such as condom use, reducing the number of sexual partners, and creation of a positive attitude towards the lives of HIV-positive intravenous drug users to overcome the barriers to reduce high-risk behaviors and drug abuse, through behavioral disease counseling centers.
Sleeve Gastrectomy vs. Fundus Resection in Bariatric Surgery (Animal Study)
Authors: Bananzadeh Alimohammad , Hosseini Seyed Vahid , Khazraei Hajar , Lashkarizadeh Mohammad Mehdi , Ghahramani Leila , Tadayon Seyed Mohammad Kazem , Zamani Mozhdeh , Zabangirfard Zahra
Published: May 2020

Background: Bariatric surgery has resulted in body weight loss, which claimed by surgery removal specific parts of the stomach with enzyme or sleeve gastrectomy. Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine weight loss and endocrine changes by 12-week fundus resection and sleeve gastrectomy in rabbits. Methods: Twenty-one rabbits, weighing 2.5 - 3.5 kg, were divided into three groups (n = 7): sleeve gastrectomy, experimental fundus resection, and sham group. The weight of rabbits and total ghrelin and leptin levels in the plasma before and after surgery were measured in 12 weeks. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal-Walis test for comparison of the means between the groups, and the difference after months in one group was assayed by Friedman test. Results: The results showed sleeve gastrectomy had a significant weight loss after one month when compared to fundus resection and sham-operated controls (P = 0.008). There was no significant difference in the ghrelin levels after these surgeries, but leptin levels decreased significantly after the fundectomy (P = 0.025). Conclusions: Sleeve gastrectomy is more efficient than the fundus resection in weight loss. It could be suggested as a new option in metabolic disorders due to the high level of leptin.
Out of Pocket Payment by Inpatients After Health Sector Evolution Plan and Its Effecting Factors: A Report of Iran
Authors: Seyedin Hesam , Afshari Mahnaz , Isfahani Parvaneh , Sharifkazemi Kobra , Morshedi Malihe , Akbari Amin
Published: May 2020

Background: The health transformation plan (HTP) was implemented in April 2014 in university hospitals to provide equitable access to healthcare, improve the quality of care, and protect patients against high costs of hospitals. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate out of pocket (OOP) payment by inpatients after the health sector evolution plan (HSEP) and its effective factors in hospitals affiliated with Iran University of Medical Science. Methods: In this study, descriptive and cross-sectional research design was utilized. 277 patients at 5 hospitals affiliated with Iran University of Medical Sciences were selected via simple random approach. Checklists and hospital bills were used to collect data. Then the data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0. Results: The results indicated that OOP was 18.71% of the total hospitals expenditure. There was a significant relationship among insurance status, location, and OOP (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The OOP rate of hospitalized patients was not in accordance with the goal set in the HSEP. Thus, policymakers and managers should take serious measures to decrease out-of-pocket payments.
Two new genera and three new subterranean species of Hydrobiidae (Caenogastropoda: Truncatelloidea) from Tunisia
Authors: Khalloufi Noureddine , Béjaoui Mustapha , Delicado Diana
Published: May 2020

The aquatic biodiversity of springs and groundwater systems of North Africa remains largely unexplored. In an earlier field survey of Tunisian springs, a new gastropod genus, Bullaregia, was discovered as a phylogenetically independent lineage of uncertain position within the family Hydrobiidae. Here, we provide taxonomic and phylogenetic assignments for three newly collected populations of hydrobiids from springs in northern Tunisia based on morphological, anatomical and genetic (mtCOI and 18S) data. Among these and specimens of Bullaregia, major differences were observed in male and female genitalia as well as in mtCOI sequences (divergence 8.0–9.1%). Based on these findings, we describe two new genera and three new species: Belgrandiellopsis chorfensis gen. et sp. nov., Belgrandiellopsis secunda gen. et sp. nov. and Biserta putealis gen. et sp. nov. In all our phylogenetic analyses, these three new species were well resolved as a monophyletic group together with Bullaregia tunisiensis. Unexpectedly, this clade emerged as sister to the European valvatiform genera Corbellaria and Kerkia and not to the recently discovered clade of groundwater, conchologically similar, species living in Bulgaria (Balkan Peninsula). These Tunisian species are each locally endemic and form part of a newly discovered clade which in future systematic studies could eventually be identified as a distinct hydrobiid subfamily.
Photodynamic Therapy for Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Inoue Takahiro , Ishihara Ryu
Published: May 2020

Photodynamic therapy, a curative local treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, involves a photosensitizing drug (photosensitizer) with affinity for tumors and a photodynamic reaction triggered by laser light. Previously, photodynamic therapy was used to treat superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma judged to be difficult to undergo endoscopic resection. Recently, photodynamic therapy has mainly been performed for local failure after chemoradiotherapy. Although surgery is the most promising treatment for local failure after chemoradiotherapy, its morbidity and mortality rates are high. Endoscopic resection is feasible for local failure after chemoradiotherapy but requires advanced skills, and its indication is limited to within the submucosal layer by depth. Photodynamic therapy is less invasive than surgery and has a wider indication than endoscopic resection. Porfimer sodium (a first-generation photosensitizer) causes a high frequency of side effects related to photosensitivity and requires the long-term sunshade period. Talaporfin (a second-generation photosensitizer) requires a much shorter sun-shade period than porfimer sodium. Photodynamic therapy will profoundly change treatment strategies for local failure after chemoradiotherapy.
Investigating relationship between psychological trait resilience and forgiveness among internally displaced persons
Authors: Aziz Izaddin Ahmad , Yıldırım Murat
Published: May 2020

Aim

In general, conflict has many adverse effects on individuals’ lives. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between psychological trait resilience and forgiveness among internally displaced persons (IDPs).

Method

The sample consisted of 244 IDPs (111 males and 133 females) who have been exposed to various stressful situations. Age of participants ranged between 18 and 60 years (M = 32.63 years, SD = 8.18). Psychological Trait Resilience Scale and Enright Forgiveness Inventory were used through a cross-sectional study to collect data.

Results

The results showed that IDPs reported low levels of resilience and forgiveness. The results also indicated that ecological resilience was positively related with emotional, behavioral, and cognitive forgiveness, while engineering resilience was positively related with emotional and cognitive forgiveness. Adaptive resilience was found to be positively related with emotional forgiveness. Regression analysis indicated that ecological resilience uniquely predicted emotional, behavioral, and cognitive forgiveness after controlling for demographic characteristics.

Conclusion

These results suggest that higher levels of resilience are important for forgiveness among IDPs. Interventions aiming to enhance IDPs’ forgiveness should account for psychological trait resilience.
Las Fronteras de los archivos. Lo exótico en Pasolini.
Authors: Favaretto Mery Sut
Published: May 2020

Hoy se considera a Pier Paolo Pasolini como uno de los intelectuales italianos más importantes del siglo XX. Su vida recoge el pasaje desde el régimen Fascista al neocapitalismo y del colonialismo al poscolonialismo.Si tenemos en cuenta el contexto geopolítico italiano actual con respecto a las políticas migratorias y al desarrollo neoliberalista y neocolonial ¿qué significa analizar la referencia pasoliniana hoy? ¿y qué ocurre con el imaginario que se ha construido acerca del poeta como icono de la lucha anticapitalista radical si al analizar su obra y su vida desplazamos nuestra mirada hacia una perspectiva antirracista? El objetivo de esta contribución es situar la figura pasoliniana en el contexto histórico italiano, analizar su interés sobre los archivos y visibilizar el aspecto más orientalista de su obra.

Today Pier Paolo Pasolini is considerated as one of the most important Italian intellectuals from the 20th century. His life picks up the passage from the fascist regime to the neo-capitalism and from the colonialism to the post colonialism. Holding the actual Italian geopolitical context in mind in regard to the migration policies, the neoliberal and neocolonial development ¿what does analyse the pasolinianan reference mean now a day? And what happens in regard to the imaginary that was build around the poet as an icon of the fight against radical anti-capitalism if by analyzing his work and life we move our attention to an antiracist perspective? The objetive of this contribution is to situate the pasolinianan figure in the Italian historical context. Analysing his interest about archives and making the more orientalist aspect of his work.
Del auge del arte textil a la investigación personal.
Authors: Viñao Silvia
Published: May 2020

Este artículo consta esencialmente de dos partes. La primera constituye una breve revisión del papel de la mujer en la sociedad y en el arte a través del arte textil. En ella se analiza cómo la actividad textil tuvo gran influencia en la incorporación de la mujer en el mundo laboral y cómo el fenómeno de la incorporación de la mujer al mundo laboral se produce de modo paralelo a su incorporación al mundo del arte y a la valoración del arte textil. Revisaremos algunos ejemplos de las artistas que han empleado o emplean el lenguaje textil para expresarse en el terreno artístico como afirmación de su identidad femenina.

En segundo lugar, expondré los principales aspectos de mi propia investigación en el campo del arte textil, por medio de la técnica que denomino “Collage cosido”. Las obras realizadas con esta técnica tienen las características propias del collage ya que ensamblan distintos elementos, pero además se unen cosiéndolos. De este modo, puntada a puntada, se reproducen las líneas propias del dibujo. Así se aúnan las características de la pintura o dibujo tradicional con el arte contemporáneo y la expresión de la mujer desde la perspectiva de género.

This article consists essentially of two parts: the first part is a brief review of the role of women in society and in the textile art. In that, it is analyzed how the textile activity had a great influence in the incorporation of the woman in the labor world and how this phenomenon occurs in parallel to her incorporation into the world of art and the valuation of textile art. We will review some examples of artists who have used or use the textile language to express themselves in the artistic field as an affirmation of their feminine identity.In the second part, I will expose the main aspects of my own research in the field of textile art though the technique, I call “Sewn collage” the works made with this technique have the characteristic of the collage since they assemble different elements but also join them by stitch, the proper lines of the drawing are reproducer. The characteristic of the painting or traditional drawing are combined with the contemporary art andthe expression of the woman from the perspective of the gender.
Performing Memoria
Authors: Kuhlmann Annelis
Published: May 2020

Odin Teatret’s Memoria (1990) centres round an actor’s conflict with the act of remembering. In this article, however, one strand follows Giorgio Agamben’s presentation of “remnants of Auschwitz”, which is based on the story of Hasidic children’s experience of surviving World War II, and how for some survivors, the guilt of surviving while others perished is too great a burden to bear, so much so that suicide seems their only route to peace. A further strand builds on Rebecca Schneider’s ideas about the very act of re-enacting remembrance as a performance, which remains once all living memories of historical facts are gone. On a more specific level, Memoria brings together the narrative of the Hasidic Tales of the Holocaust (1983) with memories from philosophers such as Primo Levi and Jean Améry, with Else Marie Laukvik and Frans Winther giving voice to these speechless memories. Laukvik, who is the author of the Memoria script, also manages to embody the conflict that can arise from remembering in her performance. The article is based on watching Memoria, as well as archive materials, personal interviews, and other performances by Else Marie Laukvik, who is also the author of the Memoria script.
Theatricalization in the Cultural History Museum
Authors: Vedel Karen
Published: May 2020

The article examines theatricalization and visitor participation as curatorial strategies in new museological practices. It asks: How are theatrical and participatory elements put into use and what is their effect on the visitor experience in terms of meaning-making. Based on a first-person phenomenological description, the analysis centres on the exhibition An Army of Concrete in The Tirpitz Museum on the west coast of Denmark. Looking at the processes of theatricality in the exhibition, it is argued that meaning-making ultimately relies on visitor participation and is produced self-reflexively in the engagement with the immersive environments, theaudio-narratives and the displayed objects.
Making Your Own Story of It
Authors: Füllner Niklas
Published: May 2020

The paper discusses Oliver Frljić’s production of Klątwa(Engl.: “The Curse”) which is based on the play with the same title by Stanisław Wyspiański. Klątwapremiered in Teatr Powszechny in Warsaw on 18 February 2017 and created the biggest theatre scandal in the early theatre history in Poland as both the right-wing government and the right-wing movement in Poland regarded it as blasphemous and – unsuccessfully – tried to prevent further performances. In KlątwaOliver Frljić questions the understanding of historiography promoted by the Polish government that prefers to focus only on stories about heroes and he criticises both the abuse of power in the church and in the institutionalized theatre. The strategies of Oliver Frljić’s political theatre are analyzed in the light of Jacques Rancière’s thoughts about critical theatre. In Klątwa Frljić develops a theatre of dissensus in the sense of Rancière. He undertakes a “dissensual re-configuration”[1]of political theatre by changing the frames, by playing around and by questioning the means used in theatre. But Frljić also deviates from this strategy when he creates images on stage that convey meanings directly and simply. Yet, these images fit into Frljić’s strategy of questioning the official Polish historiography by deconstructing the symbols it is based on. Oliver Frljić’s theatre of emancipation, a theatre that believes in the potential of the spectator to emancipate him- or herself as suggested by Rancière in The Emancipated Spectator (Rancière 2009), manages to make visible authoritarian and undemocratic developments in Polish politics and to offer a critical approach to history in contrast to the one-sided view the Polish government tries to establish.

[1]Rancière 2010, p. 140.