bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning in Sentiment Analysis: Recent Architectures
Authors: Abdullah Tariq , Ahmet Ahmed
Published: July 2022

Humans are increasingly integrated with devices that enable the collection of vast unstructured opinionated data. Accurately analysing subjective information from this data is the task of sentiment analysis (an actively researched area in NLP). Deep learning provides a diverse selection of architectures to model sentiment analysis tasks and has surpassed other machine learning methods as the foremast approach for performing sentiment analysis tasks. Recent developments in deep learning architectures represent a shift away from Recurrent and Convolutional neural networks and the increasing adoption of Transformer language models. Utilising pre-trained Transformer language models to transfer knowledge to downstream tasks has been a breakthrough in NLP.

This survey applies a task-oriented taxonomy to recent trends in architectures with a focus on the theory, design and implementation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the only survey to cover state-of-the-art Transformer-based language models and their performance on the most widely used benchmark datasets. This survey paper provides a discussion of the open challenges in NLP and sentiment analysis. The survey covers five years from 1st July 2017 to 1st July 2022.
Inviting Robot Touch (By Design)
Authors: Paterson Mark
Published: July 2022

What is the role of touch in inviting social interaction with robots? Forms of functional haptics in collaboration and socially assistive robots, for example, indicate one pathway. But what of more naturalistic and affective forms of touch that are more inviting, that encourage pro-social behaviours? This is a tale of three loops. First, the haptic feedback loop, where human–human touch still remains underexplored, and where human–machine touch is produced through mechanical engineering as “force display” and perceived by the user as tactile. Second, the affective feedback loop, courtesy of Höök and Dumouchel and Damiano, where technical systems influence, and are influenced by, a human user corporeally. Bringing these loops together encourages interaction design to consider how touch and affect may more effectively invite a range of users to interact with social robots, and their role in the perception of Artificial Empathy.
Model-driven Self-adaptive Deployment of Internet of Things Applications with Automated Modification Proposals
Authors: Kirchhof Jörg Christian , Kleiss Anno , Rumpe Bernhard , Schmalzing David , Schneider Philipp , Wortmann Andreas
Published: July 2022

Today’s
Internet of Things (IoT)
applications are mostly developed as a bundle of hardware and associated software. Future cross-manufacturer app stores for IoT applications will require that the strong coupling of hardware and software is loosened. In the resulting IoT applications, a quintessential challenge is the effective and efficient deployment of IoT software components across variable networks of heterogeneous devices. Current research focuses on computing whether deployment requirements fit the intended target devices instead of assisting users in successfully deploying IoT applications by suggesting deployment requirement relaxations or hardware alternatives. This can make successfully deploying large-scale IoT applications a costly trial-and-error endeavor. To mitigate this, we have devised a method for providing such deployment suggestions based on search and backtracking. This can make deploying IoT applications more effective and more efficient, which, ultimately, eases reducing the complexity of deploying the software surrounding us.
Bridging Classical and Quantum with SDP initialized warm-starts for QAOA
Authors: Tate Reuben , Farhadi Majid , Herold Creston , Mohler Greg , Gupta Swati
Published: July 2022

We study the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) in the context of theMax-Cutproblem. Noisy quantum devices are only able to accurately executeQAOAat low circuit depths, while classically-challenging problem instances may call for a relatively high circuit-depth. This is due to the need to build correlations between reachable pairs of vertices in potentially large graphs [16]. To enhance the solving power of low-depth QAOA, we introduce a classical pre-processing step that initializesQAOAwith a biased superposition of possible cuts in the graph, referred to as awarm-start. In particular, we initializeQAOAwith a solution to a low-rank semidefinite programming relaxation of theMax-Cutproblem. Our experimental results show that this variant ofQAOA, calledQAOA-warm, is able to outperform standardQAOAon lower circuit depths in solution quality and training time. While this improvement is partly due to the classical warm-start, we find strong evidence of further improvement using QAOA circuit at small depth. We provide experimental evidence of improved performance as well as theoretical properties of the proposed framework.
Intelligent Prediction Model of CET-4 Passing Rate Based on Multisource Heterogeneous Data Mining
Authors: Cheng Xiaofang
Published: July 2022

With the growing software of English in society, English gaining knowledge is turning into extra and greater important. The software and lookup of fact mining science in English educating and gaining knowledge will turn out to be a new improvement trend. This study is based on the information of non-English majors’ learning situation of Public English course and CET-4 scores. It selects the data related to CET-4 scores as the characteristics, takes CET-4 passing rate as the goal, and makes use of selection tree classification mannequin to predict the passing likelihood of CET-4. After comparison and analysis, it is observed that the multisource heterogeneous statistic mining science can precisely predict students’ grades, which verify the software of multisource heterogeneous information mining technological know-how in university English studying and have an impact on of the mannequin on the end result prediction. The results of College English final examination and gender are the main factors affecting the passing rate of CET4. The higher the score of College English final examination, the higher the passing rate of CET-4. The results of this study show that girls’ passing rate and average score of CET-4 are higher than boys’. Other factors have little influence on CET4 passing rate and can be ignored. There is a significant positive relationship between the scores of CET-4, CET-1, and Putonghua. After analysing the number attributes of the model, blended with the statistical consequences of information analysis, this paper offers some ideas and hints to enhance the instructing administration and the passing charge of CET-4.
Fabrication of Nāmya: A Bend and Touch-Sensitive Flexible Smartphone-Sized Prototype
Authors: Borah Pranjal Protim , Sorathia Keyur B.
Published: July 2022

In human-computer interaction research, prototypes allow for communicating design ideas and conducting early user studies to understand user experience without developing the actual product. For investigating deformation-based interaction, functional prototyping becomes challenging due to the unavailability of commercial platforms and the marginal availability of flexible electronic components. During functional prototyping, incurred time and cost are essential factors that further depend on the ease of stiffness customization, reproduction, and upgrade. To offer these advantages, this work presents the fabrication workflow of Nāmya, a smartphone-sized flexible prototype that can detect bend gestures and touch-based inputs using off-the-shelf sensors and flexible materials. This do-it-yourself (DIY) approach to fabricating deformable prototypes focuses on addressing the challenges of selecting flexible material, type of sensor, and sensor positions. We also demonstrate that the proposed use of a flexible three-dimensional- (3D-) printed internal structure with sensor pockets and the one-part silicone cast allows the development of robust deformable prototypes. This fabrication process offers the opportunity to easily customize device stiffness, reproduce prototypes with similar physical properties, and upgrade existing prototypes.
Design and Implementation of College Students’ Physical Fitness Test Management System Using IoT Smart Sensors
Authors: Xu Jin , Chen Qing , Li Xinwen
Published: July 2022

As science and technology continue to advance and life standards continue to improve, poor living and study habits are common among today’s college students, making their physical health deteriorate. At present, the physical fitness test management system of college students is not perfect. This paper studies the physical fitness test administration system for college students based on IoT smart sensors. It first briefly introduces the design of the physical health test management system and then proposes the IoT smart sensor network algorithm. With the rapid development of IoT, WSN has also grown rapidly as an important technical form of the underlying perception layer of the IoT. Then, this paper tests the data of the college students’ physical fitness test management system under the Grey Relational analysis, and finally, it conducts an experimental discussion on the realization and testing of the college students’ physical health management system. The experimental results of this paper showed that the college students’ physical fitness test management system through the Internet of Things smart sensor can quickly respond to the visits of multiple clients, with relatively high processing efficiency, and the efficiency is increased by 60%. The practical interface designed and implemented by this system has excellent practicality. The system interface uses a light blue background, which has good comfort in application, and the system has complete functions, which can meet the general requirements of university system health management.
Facility Layout Optimization of Urban Public Sports Services under the Background of Deep Learning
Authors: Huang Tieying
Published: July 2022

The spatial layout and optimization of social facilities for sports are related to many factors such as urban economy, transportation, population, and urban planning. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence today, deep learning came into being. It also provides a lot of methods for our in-depth research on it. To solve the problem of unbalanced layout of urban social facilities for sports and the difficulty in meeting the needs of residents under the current background, this paper adopts the methods of M-P model, loss function, and activation function. Taking Hangzhou, a sports city that is about to host the Asian Games, as an example, it carried out an experiment to optimize the layout of urban public sports services. Through various tests and data, it divides the accessibility level of social facilities for sports in Hangzhou into four levels: high accessibility point (1.0-1.5), high accessibility point (0.5-1.0), the accessibility is average (0.2-0.5), and the accessibility is poor (<0.2). It also concluded that the areas with high accessibility (1.0-1.5) are Shangcheng District and Binjiang District, and the layout of sports facilities is optimal. According to the minimum facility point model, Xiaoshan District and Yuhang District need to add 6 large-scale social facilities for sports. Through this experiment, this paper can also provide a reference for other urban layouts. This has significance for the optimization of sports facilities and the optimization of public facilities.
Research on Optimization of the AGV Shortest-Path Model and Obstacle Avoidance Planning in Dynamic Environments
Authors: Liu Ruixi
Published: July 2022

This paper proposes a support vector machine (SVM)-based AGV scheduling strategy that enhances the scheduling efficiency of automated guided vehicles (AGVs) in intelligent factories. The developed scheme optimizes the task area division process to endow the AGVs with the ability to avoid obstacles in complex dynamic environments. Specifically, given the two AGV motion cases, i.e., towards a single target point and multiple target points, the optimal path was determined utilizing the exhaustive and the Q-learning methods, while path optimization was realized by utilizing different schemes. Based on the shortest path obtained, a nonlinear programming model with the shortest time as the objective was built, and the AGV’s turning path was proved to be optimal by the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). Several simulation tests and calculation results validated the proposed method’s effectiveness, highlighting that the developed scheme is a rational solution to the obstacle congestion and deadlock problems. Moreover, the experimental results demonstrated the proposed method’s superiority in path planning accuracy and its ability to respond well in complex dynamic environments. Overall, this research provides a reference for developing and applying AGV cluster scheduling in real operational scenarios.
[Retracted] Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Hemodynamics and Anesthesia Effect of Different Doses of General Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Hepatobiliary Surgery
Authors: He Zhaolong , Du Jianan , Xue Xiaolu , Yang Liu
Published: July 2022

In order to provide corresponding anesthesia methods of hepatobiliary diseases and obtain better clinical effect, the hemodynamics and clinical efficacy are evaluated by using different doses of dexamethasone (DEX) during the operation. 97 patients undergoing general anesthesia for hepatobiliary surgery in our hospital from April 2020 to August 2021 are analyzed retrospectively. All patients are divided into G1 (n = 24), G2 (n = 24), G3 (n = 24), and control group (n = 25) according to the random number table method. The G1, G2, and G3 groups are injected with DEX 1.0 ug/kg, DEX 0.8 ug/kg, and DEX 0.5 ug/kg by intravenous infusion pump before induction of general anesthesia, and the control group is injected with 0.9%Nacl solution 10 mL. Intraoperative anesthesia time, postoperative eye opening time, and extubation time of all groups are observed, and the incidences of postoperative adverse reactions are compared. The experimental results show that during general anesthesia in the liver and gallbladder surgery, the patients with high dose of DEX can better maintain the intraoperative hemodynamic parameters, and effectively restrain the postoperative stress reaction.
Chebyshev-Gauss Approximation Analysis for Mobile Edge Computing-Aided IoT Networks
Authors: Zhu Fusheng , Chen Liming , Zhou Wen , Deng Dan , Tang Yajuan , Liu Jun , Zhang Yuwei , Cui Tao , Zhang Lin , Wang Jing , Li Sun
Published: July 2022

Recently, mobile edge computing (MEC) has been widely applied into Internet of Things (IoT) networks, which has attracted a lot of attention from researchers. A critical challenge in the MEC-aided IoT networks is that the performance analysis is often complicated, where it is quite difficult for us to obtain some analytical or closed-form solution to the performance analysis, such as outage probability and bit error rate. This has been the bottleneck of the development of MEC-aided IoT networks. To address this challenge, we deeply investigate the Chebyshev-Gauss approximation method and derive the analytical solution to implement this powerful and useful approximation. We then give several examples to show the effectiveness of the Chebyshev-Gauss approximation in the performance analysis for the MEC-aided IoT systems. The results in this work can serve as an important reference and reveal some important inherent mechanisms for the MEC-aided IoT networks.
[Retracted] Progress of Noncoding RNA Regulating the Growth and Development of Antler Tissue Research
Authors: Wang Yipu , Hu Wei
Published: July 2022

Antler is the secondary sexual characteristic of deer, which develops on the forehead at puberty. It is the only organ that can be regenerated entirely in mammals. Therefore, it is often used as a research model in the field of organ regeneration and wound repair. Many growth factors and proteins play an active role throughout the developmental process of antler regeneration. With the rapid development of sequencing technology, more and more noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been discovered, and the relationship between ncRNA and antler regeneration has gradually become clear. This paper focuses on the research progress of several ncRNAs (including miRNA and lncRNA) in deer antler tissues, which are helpful to reveal the molecular mechanism of deer antler regeneration at the molecular level.
Seismic Performance of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Column-Steel Beam Sleeve Joint
Authors: Huang Xiangong , Xu Man , Guo Nan , Deng Senwen , Huang Le
Published: July 2022

The concrete-filled square steel tubular (S-CFST) structure has been widely used as a resistance system against earthquakes due to its good seismic performance. However, the application of the S-CFST structure is limited by its complex joint formulation. To overcome this shortcoming, a sleeve semirigid joint has been proposed, while its seismic performance has not been well examined. This study aims to discuss the behavior of sleeve joints with different parameters under low cyclic loading. The analysis results show that the simulation results of the finite element model established by ABAQUS were in good agreement with the experimental results, which further verified the good energy dissipation performance of the sleeve joint, and gave the design suggestions of the joint under different parameters to promote the engineering application of this type of joint.
An Evaluation Model of Plant Variety Rights Capitalization Operation Value Based on Big Data Analysis
Authors: He Xiang , Wu Liping , Hu Kai , Wan Lin
Published: July 2022

Plant variety rights are essential for agricultural development and food security. This paper mainly starts with the cost-benefit issue of plant variety rights that enterprises are concerned about, and introduces the cost-benefit analysis method into the research and development, application, and protection of plant variety rights. This research takes the new plant variety rights as the research object, clarifies the development status of the world plant variety rights from the perspective of time series development characteristics and spatial distribution pattern, explores the location of the variety rights in the world, and uses methods such as knowledge measurement and data mining, to carry out in-depth research on the application and authorization of plant variety rights, the scope of protection catalogues, the structure of variety rights, and the applicant unit. Finally, the regression model is tested from five aspects: regression model significance test, model goodness-of-fit test, Hosmer goodness-of-fit test, goodness-of-fit test, and overall accuracy test of model prediction. The regression coefficient of plant variety rights cooperation in the research process was 1.908, and the statistical test value was significant at the 5% level (

P
=
0.022
<
0.05

). Using system dynamics to evaluate its risks, it provides new ideas for the risk analysis and prevention of seed industry enterprises’ variety rights capitalization operation.
Improved Quadratic Boost High-Gain DC-DC Converter Based on Constant Off-Time Control Mode
Authors: Fan Jing , Kang Ming
Published: July 2022

A non-isolated modified quadratic boost high-gain DC-DC converter is proposed to overcome the problems of limited boost capability and high switching stress in quadratic boost converters. The proposed converter has two topologies. The operating principles of the two topologies are analyzed, and the voltage gain and switching stress of the circuit topologies are theoretically derived and compared with existing converters. The proposed converter increases the output gain while reducing switching stress and improving conversion efficiency. A simulation model is built in MATLAB/Simulink, and the simulation results verify the correctness of the theoretical calculations. A prototype was built, and the feasibility of the converter design was verified by comparing the theoretical derivation and the prototype test results.
Real-Time Image Defect Detection System of Cloth Digital Printing Machine
Authors: Sun Ning , Cao Botao
Published: July 2022

In order to solve the surface defects such as white silk, spots, and wrinkles on the fabrics in the process of digital printing production, a surface defect detection system for printed fabrics based on the accelerated robust feature algorithm is proposed. The image registration is mainly carried out by the speeded up robust features (SURF) algorithm; the bidirectional unique matching method is used to reduce the mismatch points, realize the accurate registration of the image, and extract the defect information through the difference algorithm. The experiment uses multiple images to verify the performance of the improved SURF algorithm. The experimental results show that the detection accuracy of the new system for surface defects of printed fabrics reaches 98%. The algorithm has higher detection rate and faster detection speed, which can meet the needs of practical industrial applications.
Cost-Effective Forage and Browse Legume Feed for Dairy Production: An Optimisation Approach Using Jaya Optimisation Algorithm
Authors: Chagwiza Godfrey
Published: July 2022

Livestock feed mix or feed choice decision-making is encountered by farmers in their daily operations. Livestock feed choice and mixing is emerging as a key research area considering the impact of climate change and emergence of new technology. Smallholder dairy farmers are usually capital constrained and hence a need to investigate cost-effective feed choice that maximises profit. A study to investigate the cost-effective feed among forage and browse legumes was conducted among smallholder dairy farmers in Zimbabwe. An optimisation problem was formulated with the objective of maximising profit by selecting the most cost-effective feed among forage and browse legumes. Secondary data are used to solve the optimisation problem by implementing the Jaya optimisation algorithm. Results show that grain crop silage is the best feed choice resulting in a maximum profit of $ 66.00 per day per farmer. Further research can be directed towards investigating the effect of combining the next best feed, quality hay, and grain crop silage for profit contribution.
Application of Deep Learning for Discourse Expression Recognition in Ideological and Political Education
Authors: Li Xiaofeng , Meng Zhigang , Meng Qingyan
Published: July 2022

The subject context in consideration with discourse expression recognition (DER) provides a communication bridge between ideological and political education (IPE) for budding college students. This paper introduces a novel method for integrating the deep-learning-based approach to ideological and political education in consideration of the discourse expression of subject context. Initially, the relation between ideological and political education is analyzed. Then, the efficiency of teaching is enhanced with the help of deep learning mechanisms; in addition to the flipped classroom and online education, an innovative model of education is proposed using deep learning methods. To perform the experiment, 236 subjects were randomly selected from Hohai University, and the analysis was performed with the help of surveys conducted using a questionnaire. The statistical results prove that the selected questionnaire has a high degree of validity and reliability. Thus, from the analysis, it is observed that most of the students have a better understanding of the subject context in discourse expression of ideological and political education. Moreover, about 50% of the students have a positive approach to the subject contexts and the education methods, making them active in reaching a satisfactory learning effect. The obtained results indicate that the benefits of deep learning in ideological and political education enhance the interest of the students in pursuing this with renowned subject context.
TERT Promoter Mutations and Telomerase in Melanoma
Authors: Guo Yuchen , Chen Yi , Zhang Lianghui , Ma Ling , Jiang Keyu , Yao Gang , Zhu Lingjun
Published: July 2022

Malignant melanoma is an extremely malignant tumor with a high mortality rate and an increasing incidence with a high mutation load. The frequency of mutations in the TERT promoter exceeds the frequency of any known noncoding mutations in melanoma. A growing number of recent studies suggest that the most common mutations in the TERT promoter (ATG start site −124C>T and −146C>T) are associated with increased TERT mRNA expression, telomerase activity, telomere length, and poor prognosis. Recently, it has been shown that TERT promoter mutations are more correlated with the occurrence, development, invasion, and metastasis of melanoma, as well as emerging approaches such as the therapeutic potential of chemical inhibition of TERT promoter mutations, direct telomerase inhibitors, combined targeted therapy, and immunotherapies. In this review, we describe the latest advances in the role of TERT promoter mutations and telomerase in promoting the occurrence, development, and poor prognosis of melanoma and discuss the clinical significance of the TERT promoter and telomerase in the treatment of melanoma.
Large-Scale Customized Production Scheduling of Multiagent-Based Medical 3D Printing
Authors: He Jianjia , Wu Jian , Zhang Ye , Wang Yaopeng , He Hua
Published: July 2022

Three-dimensional (3D) printing, also known as additive manufacturing, has unique advantages over traditional manufacturing technologies; thus, it has attracted widespread attention in the medical field. Especially in the context of the frequent occurrence of major public health events, where the medical industry’s demand for large-scale and customized production is increasing, traditional 3D printing production scheduling methods take a long time to handle large-scale customized medical 3D printing (M-3DP) production and have weak intelligent collaboration ability in the face of job-to-device matching under multimaterial printing. Given the problem caused by M-3DP large-scale customized production scheduling, an intelligent collaborative scheduling multiagent-based method is proposed in this study. First, a multiagent-based optimization model is established. On this basis, an improved genetic algorithm embedded with the product mix strategy and the intelligent matching mechanism is designed to optimize the completion time and load balance between devices. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated using numerical simulation. The simulation results indicated that compared with the simple genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, and snake optimizer, the improved genetic algorithm could better reduce the M-3DP mass customization production scheduling time, optimize the load balance between devices, and promote the “intelligent manufacturing” process of M-3DP mass customization.
Relevance of Chronic Total Occlusion for Outcome of Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Lurz Julia Anna , Schmidt Eileen , Kresoja Karl-Patrik , Torri Federica , König Sebastian , Darma Angeliki , Arya Arash , Bertagnolli Livio , Hindricks Gerhard , Dinov Borislav
Published: July 2022

Background. Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) is an effective tool to prevent VT recurrences. Chronic total occlusion (CTO) represents a clinically relevant entity in ICM patients and is an independent predictor of ventricular arrhythmia and mortality. The effects of CTO on the outcome of VT ablation are not well-studied. Objective. This analysis aimed to identify the impact of CTO, revascularized, or not revascularized, on the outcome of VT ablation. Methods and Results. Of 385 consecutive subjects with ICM-VT who underwent catheter VT ablation for monomorphic VT at Heart Center Leipzig between 2008 and 2017, 108 patients without CTO and 191 patients with CTO were included in the analysis. Within a median follow-up time of 557 days (IQR 149, 1095), VT recurred in 77 (40%) patients in the CTO and 40 (37.0%) in the non-CTO cohort (

p
=
0.62

). In a multivariable model, a 10% stepwise change in LVEF as well as ICD on admission was associated with VT recurrence (HRadj 1.82, 95% CI 1.04–3.18 and HRadj 1.35, 95% CI 1.23–1.61, respectively). Of the CTO cohort before ablation, 45% had received revascularization, which was independently associated with a higher risk for VT recurrence (HR 2.12, 95% CI 1.35–3.34) as compared to nonrevascularized CTO. Conclusion. In ICM patients with and without CTO, VT ablation was associated with equal effectiveness with regard to VT recurrence. However, in revascularized CTO patients, the risk of recurrence of VT after ablation was significantly increased.
Relationships between Sleep Duration, Timing, Consistency, and Chronotype with Myopia among School-Aged Children
Authors: Li Rong , Chen Yiting , Zhao Anda , Huang Lili , Long Zichong , Kang Wenhui , Yin Yong , Tong Shilu , Li Shenghui
Published: July 2022

Background. The role of sleep in childhood myopia has been a research focus; however, the existing evidence is conflicting on sleep duration and timing, and as yet, no studies involve sleep consistency and chronotype. This study is done to make multiple-perspective analyses on the associations between sleep variables and myopia. Methods. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Shanghai, China, which included 10,142 school-aged children (7–12 years old, 53.2% boys). The Chinese version of the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) was used to assess sleep variables. Propensity score matching was adopted to balance the difference of covariates between nonmyopic and myopic groups. Logistic regression models were implemented to examine the associations between sleep variables and myopia. Results. Sleep duration and timing, mainly during weekdays, were correlated with myopia in a dose-dependent pattern, in which longer sleep duration was associated with decreased risk of myopia (9-10 hours/day: odds ratio (OR) = 0.87; ≥10 hours/day: OR = 0.77; by comparison with <9 hours/day); later bedtime (9 pm to 9:30 pm: OR = 1.46; 9:30 pm to 10 pm: OR = 1.51; 10 pm and after: OR = 2.08; by comparison with before 9 pm) and later wake-up time (7 am and after: OR = 1.36; by comparison with before 6:30 am) increased the risk (all

P
<
0.05

). Moreover, longer weekend catch-up sleep duration and intermediate and evening chronotype were positively correlated with myopia, while social jetlag was associated with a lower odds of myopia. All these findings were also similarly observed in the matching sample. Conclusions. Multiple dimensions of sleep were involved in childhood myopia. In addition to sleep duration and timing, sleep consistency and chronotype were also strictly related to myopia. More studies are needed to enrich the current evidence, thus further clarifying the association between sleep and childhood myopia.
Effect of Student, Family-Related Features on Academic Achievement
Authors: Bouiri Oussama , Lotfi Said , Talbi Mohammed
Published: July 2022

The main objective of this study is to determine the effect of socio-familial characteristics, gender, class repetition, and extracurricular activities on school results using a quantitative methodology, based on a non-experimental and correlational study. The sample was composed of 695 students from two schools (middle and high school) in the provincial administration of Mediouna. In order to collect the information, the participants were asked to fill in a questionnaire on their personal and socio-family data. The results obtained were processed by IBM SPSS 26 software. The results showed that the effect of socio-familial characteristics had a partially significant relationship with school grades with a weak effect. Same for class repetition, revision aid and extracurricular activities contribute significantly to school grades variation. Some have highly significant and significant effects for others with a weak partial square condition, on several school subject scores, namely, revision help on the physical education and sports score, extracurricular activities on the physics and chemistry score, etc. In short, considerable effort is needed to better understand the multidimensionality of school success and to ensure effective and relevant educational intervention.
Comprehensive Analysis on the Specific Role and Function of Mitochondrial Inner Membrane Protein MPV17 in Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Tao Hanchuan , Wang Cheng , Lu Chongmei , Ma Ning , Zhu Yifan , Xuan Shihai , Zhou Xiaojun
Published: July 2022

Background. Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is the predominant type of liver cancer, and its treatment still faces great challenges presently. Mitochondrial inner membrane protein MPV17 is reported to be involved in multiple biological activities of cancers. Here, we seek to investigate the specific role and functions of MPV17 in LIHC progression. Methods. Firstly, MPV17 expressions in various tumors and corresponding normal samples and LIHC groups with various clinical features were analyzed, respectively. Next, the relationship between MPV17 expression and LIHC survival was analyzed and verified by AUC curves. Besides, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for LIHC were screened from TCGA and then analyzed by GO and KEGG. Then, MPV17 was analyzed by prognostic model, Cox analysis, predictive nomogram, pathway correlation, and immunoassay. Finally, the functions of MPV17 were determined by CCK-8 and Tranwell assays. Results. In most tumors, MPV17 expression was higher than that in the normal group, and it was related to LIHC clinical features. In the LIHC survival analysis, highly expressed MPV17 was associated with a poor prognosis. Besides, 314 upregulated and 193 downregulated DEGs are mainly involved in the TNF signaling pathway and tyrosine metabolism. Through prognostic model, Cox analysis, and predictive nomogram, MPV17 had the prognostic value for LIHC. Gene-pathway correlation analysis showed that MPV17 had the strongest correlation with the G2M_checkpoint pathway. In an immunoassay, MPV17 had a strong correlation with many immune cells. Functional assays showed that MPV17 reduction in LIHC cells could inhibit cell invasion, migration, and proliferation. Conclusion. MPV17, as a tumor promoter, could be a new biomarker for LIHC diagnosis and prognosis and probably shed new light on the exploration of LIHC therapies.
[Retracted] Efficacy of Mesotympanum Injection and Posterior Auricular Injection in Sudden Hearing Loss of Diabetes Patients
Authors: Liu Qiang , Wang HuiFang , Xing JiHuan
Published: July 2022

The efficacy of tympanum injection and posterior auricular injection in diabetes with sudden hearing loss (SHL) was analyzed. A mobile terminal‐based portable pure tone audiometry system and its processing method were established. Based on mobile terminals, a portable pure tone audiometry system including an Android system, pure sound signal generation, pure tone hearing threshold, and client module was established. A masking model and self‐adaptive algorithm were used to detect and reduce noise. Besides, the performance of the portable pure tone audiometry system was detected. A total of 46 diabetes patients with SHL diagnosed at the otolaryngology department in BeiChen Hospital between August 2019 and November 2021 were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into the retroauricular group (posterior auricular injection) and the tympanic group (tympanum injection). Each group included 23 cases. All patients received pure tone audiometry (PTA) before and after the treatment. The changes in fasting blood glucose (FPG), 2h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of the patients were monitored before and after the treatment. Besides, tinnitus loudness visual analog scale (VAS), pain VAS, efficacy, and the incidence of adverse reactions of the patients in two groups were compared. The results indicated that the hear threshold error detected by the medical audiometer and a portable pure tone audiometry system was within 2dB. Before the optimization, there was an error of about 10dB between the hear thresholds detected by the self‐adaptive algorithm and a medical audiometer. After the treatment, the hear threshold and average PTA of the patients in the retroauricular and the tympanic groups under different frequencies were both reduced compared with those before the treatment (P < 0.05). The tinnitus VAS score in the retroauricular group was decreased more notably than that in tympanic group (P < 0.01), and the pain VAS score was much lower than that in the tympanic group (P < 0.001). The comparison of FPG, 2hPG, HbA1c, the proportions of cured, significantly effective, effective, ineffective patients, and the total effective rate in the patients in the retroauricular and the tympanic groups before and after the treatment all showed no statistical differences (P > 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in tympanic group after the treatment was dramatically higher than that in retroauricular group (P < 0.001). The above results demonstrated that posterior auricular injection showed potential application values in the treatment of SHL with diabetes and established a portable pure tone audiometry system as well as its noise processing method.
Simple Pressure Sensor with Highly Customizable Sensitivity Based on Fiber Bragg Grating and Pill-Shaped 3D-Printed Structure
Authors: Nguyen Van Quyet , Chiang Chia-Chin , Tsai Liren
Published: July 2022

This study presents a simple pill-shaped pressure sensor fabricated by fused deposition modelling (FDM) technology. A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor was embedded inside the structure during the 3D printing process. The dimension of the sensor was simulated by the finite element method to explore the customizability of the pressure sensor. The proposed pill-shaped pressure sensor showed great linearity and achieved high sensitivity with a total Bragg-shifted wavelength of 1.44 nm in the pressure range between 0 and 0.35 MPa, corresponding to a pressure sensitivity of 4.11 nm/MPa. The measured pressure change matched closely with finite element simulation, and the sensitivity could easily increase five times by a thirty percent increase in structure size. The results showed that the pill-shaped pressure sensor had high linearity and great feasibility and could be easily customized to a wide pressure range for static and dynamic pressure measurements in industrial applications.
Metacognitive Listening Comprehension Strategies of Arab English Language Learners
Authors: Mohd Nasim Saleem
Published: July 2022

Based on the premise that the higher the metacognitive awareness is, the more successful the learners are or vice versa; this study aimed at categorizing the metacognitive listening comprehension strategies (MLCS) of Arab EFL learners in the Preparatory Year Deanship (PYD), Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University (PSAU), Saudi Arabia. The data of 353 participants (237 males and 116 females) collected through the Metacognitive Awareness Listening Questionnaire (MALQ) and analysed using descriptive statistical techniques showed that all participants were higher moderate users of all five subscales formed out of 21 strategies. However, their most preferred subscale was problem-solving and the least favourite was mental translation. Directed attention, planning and evaluation, and personal knowledge strategies ranked second, third, and fourth, respectively. Female and male respondents were also found to have preferred similar strategies. In other words, male and female Arab EFL learners did not differ much in employing the MLCS while listening to English texts. The pedagogical implications of being aware of MLCS were also discussed, along with suggestions for students, instructors, and syllabus designers to integrate explicit metacognitive instructions for preparing, planning, managing, monitoring, assessing, and reflecting on listening activities.
Demiurge: A Music of Babel
Authors: Trillo Roberto Alonso , Poliks Marek
Published: July 2022

The authors explore the unfinished, attempting a fragmentary and blurred snapshot of an ongoing research project on the musical application of generative adversarial networks, entitled Demiurge. The project was initiated in July 2020 as a collaboration between an international team of interdisciplinary artists and researchers led by Marek Poliks (instrument design) and Roberto Alonso Trillo (violin). In keeping with its namesake, Demiurge asks questions about creation, specifically in the era of machine learning, and works to formalize a new creative process endemic to and natural within a world of machine collaborators.
Remediated Sites: The Lumen Prize Virtual Gallery as Site of Memory and Digital Assemblage
Authors: Gingrich Oliver , Callus Paula
Published: July 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, new spaces for archives, creative representation, and display created novel ways of accessing, experiencing, and cataloging media art. Leonardo’s Lumen Prize 2020 exhibition offers a third space between virtual exhibition as a site of memory and an archive of knowledge and artistic production—a place of digital assemblage. Bolter and Grusin’s remediation theory sheds light on the many visual strategies employed by the artists and designers of The Lumen Prize 2020 exhibition. The authors discuss pertinent questions of immediacy and hypermediacy coexperience, and accessibility in generating this site of memory.
The Evolving Investment Regulatory Landscape in Tanzania: A Quest for a New Legal Regime
Authors: Mwakaje Saudin J.
Published: July 2022

The legal and regulatory framework on investment in Tanzania has been evolving and influenced by precipitating internal and external factors. Since independence, investment policies and laws have been frequently adjusted to embrace the political ideologies of the regime in power, a major change being a shift from state-controlled to liberal economic policies. Consequent to such changes, Tanzania has had statutory changes on investments with varying regulatory set ups and objectives. This paper interrogates the historical evolution of the investment laws in Tanzania by pointing out the driving forces at each epoch of changes. It posits that in view of changing national and regional contexts, the investment legislation should be reoriented to capture the emerging dynamics. It highlights a regulatory conundrum arising from duality of regulatory regimes in Tanzania and the recent legislative reforms such as those on sovereignty over natural resources which contain legal obligations which contradict the framework of the national investment legislation and bilateral investment treaties (BITs). The paper argues that the ever-changing investment laws creates uncertainties and uncertainties to investors and thus is due for a wholesome review in order to address the existing regulatory controversies.
Oscillation/Coincidence-Detection Models of Reward-Related Timing in Corticostriatal Circuits
Authors: Yin Bin , Shi Zhuanghua , Wang Yaxin , Meck Warren H.
Published: July 2022

The major tenets of beat-frequency/coincidence-detection models of reward-related timing are reviewed in light of recent behavioral and neurobiological findings. This includes the emphasis on a core timing network embedded in the motor system that is comprised of a corticothalamic-basal ganglia circuit. Therein, a central hub provides timing pulses (i.e., predictive signals) to the entire brain, including a set of distributed satellite regions in the cerebellum, cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus that are selectively engaged in timing in a manner that is more dependent upon the specific sensory, behavioral, and contextual requirements of the task. Oscillation/coincidence-detection models also emphasize the importance of a tuned ‘perception’ learning and memory system whereby target durations are detected by striatal networks of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) through the coincidental activation of different neural populations, typically utilizing patterns of oscillatory input from the cortex and thalamus or derivations thereof (e.g., population coding) as a time base. The measure of success of beat-frequency/coincidence-detection accounts, such as the Striatal Beat-Frequency model of reward-related timing (SBF), is their ability to accommodate new experimental findings while maintaining their original framework, thereby making testable experimental predictions concerning diagnosis and treatment of issues related to a variety of dopamine-dependent basal ganglia disorders, including Huntington’s and Parkinson’s disease.
Nomenclatural solutions for diagnosing ‘cryptic’ species using molecular and morphological data facilitate a taxonomic revision of the Black-bellied Salamanders (Urodela, Desmognathus ‘quadramaculatus’) from the southern Appalachian Mountains
Authors: PYRON R. ALEXANDER , BEAMER DAVID A.
Published: July 2022

To be available under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, nomina erected after 1930 must “be accompanied by a description or definition that states in words characters that are purported to differentiate the taxon” (Article 13.1.1). For many so-called ‘cryptic’ species, this may prove difficult when relying on external morphology. Yet, such species are likely to be diagnosable by (fixed or variable) differences in DNA sequences, which can also be treated as characters and described in words. While recent authors have proposed such methods, they have rarely been adopted as the primary diagnostic implement in vertebrates. Additionally, morphometrics may reveal subtle but distinct variation in size and shape, which may not be dispositive for identifying individual specimens but can nonetheless characterize overall differences between species. We employ these techniques here to revise the taxonomy of the Black-bellied Salamanders Desmognathus folkertsi and Desmognathus ‘quadramaculatus’ from the southern Appalachian Mountains of the eastern United States. While the former was diagnosed by a variety of morphological and molecular characters, the latter was poorly characterized and subsequently found to consist of two distantly related clades of six genetic lineages. Recent nomenclatural work found that the nomen Salamandra quadramaculata Holbrook, 1840 was unavailable for this species and that no valid nomen had ever been applied at the species level. We erect three new species and resurrect one junior synonym to account for species-level geographic genetic variation in the group. All nomina are diagnosed with explicit reference to fixed or varying allelic differences at mitochondrial and nuclear loci, quantitative variation in overall size and shape from linear morphometrics, and qualitative description of color-pattern variation. Despite their gross similarity, we hypothesize that subtle, as-yet undetected phenotypic variation exists between these species, which may be revealed by geometric morphometrics, 3D scanning, and other data such as physiology and behavior. We also utilize recently developed technologies to present DNA-sequence data for these species in a compact, reproducible format to permanently associate the observed characters with the original description, with several thousand base pairs taking up only a few cm2. These approaches may prove useful for future descriptions of amphibians with highly similar external phenotypes.