bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS E BIOLOGIA NA EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS
Authors: Ferreira de Souza Cleuber , Lustosa de Oliveira Barbosa Mayara
Published: June 2021

O artigo apresenta um levantamento dos métodos aplicados no ensino de Ciências e Biologia na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) nos últimos 15 anos. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de literatura por meio de uma pesquisa avançada nas bases:  Google Acadêmico, Web of Science, Scopus e Scielo. Nessas bases foram adicionados os seguintes descritores: 1) “ensino de ciências” e “educação de jovens e adultos”; e 2) “ensino de biologia” e “educação de jovens e adultos”. Após o levantamento dos artigos, foram tabulados os objetivos, a metodologia e os principais resultados de cada um. Os resultados da revisão sistemática revelam que a aplicação e avaliação de métodos de ensino na EJA, tem recebido pouca atenção por parte dos cientistas nos últimos 15 anos. Prova disso é a baixa produtividade anual, com uma média de menos de 2 artigos por ano, além da ausência de autores ou periódicos que publiquem com frequência artigos sobre o assunto. Com relação aos métodos de ensino, foram encontrados trabalhos mencionando as seguintes propostas: 1) Sequências Didáticas, 2) Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação, 3) Jogos, 4) Diálogo e Argumentação, 5) Experimentação, 6) Leitura e produção de textos, 7) Metodologias ativas e 8) Conceitos Unificadores.
ORTA DOĞU ve KUZEY AFRİKA (MENA) EKONOMİLERİNDE İHRACAT KATMA DEĞERİ VE İTHALAT BAĞIMLILIĞI: GİRDİ- ÇIKTI ANALİZİ
Authors: NAS Şahin
Published: June 2021

Küresel ekonomide ihracat, ekonomilerin önemli bir bileşenidir. Aynı şekilde ihracat, ekonomik büyüme için önemli bir dinamik oluşturmaktadır. Dış ticaret bağlamında, Orta doğu ve Kuzey Afrika (MENA) ülkeleri de küresel ekonominin önemli bir bileşenini oluşturmaktadır. Bu amaçla çalışmada MENA ekonomilerinde ihracat katma değerinin ve sektörel ihracat katma değerinin ekonomiye katkısı analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca bu ekonomilerde sektörel üretim faaliyetlerinde ithal ara girdi bağımlılığı incelenmiştir. Çalışmada OECD veri tabanında yer alan girdi-çıktı tablolarından yararlanarak girdi-çıktı modelleri kullanılmıştır. Girdi-Çıktı analizleri sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre ihracat katma değerinin ekonomiye katkısı %25-50 arasında değişkenlik göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda ihracat katma değerinin ekonomiye katkısı Suudi Arabistan’da %50, Tunus’ta %30, İsrail ve Fas’ta ise %24 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sektörel ihracat katma değerinin ekonomiye katkısı ise farklılık göstermektedir. MENA ülkelerine yönelik ithal ara girdi bağımlılığı için yapılan analiz sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre, bu ülkelerde ithal ara girdi bağımlılığı en yüksek olan sektörlerin genel olarak imalat sanayi alt sektörleri olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
TINJAUAN DEBIT KEBUTUHAN AIR SALURAN DAERAH IRIGASI TELAGA LANGSAT BERDASARKAN STANDAR PERATURAN IRIGASI (KP) TAHUN 2013
Authors: Muhlis Adriani , Fakhrurrazi Fakhrurrazi , Khaliq Abdul
Published: June 2021

Daerah Irigasi Telaga Langsat Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan dengan luas areal 3044,8 Ha, difungsikan untuk dapat mengairi persawahan pertanian dengan irigasi teknis, dalam beberapa tahun terakhir perlu adanya peninjauan kembali pendistribusian air yang hanya cukup berfungsi tapi kurang optimal. Apalagi dari pembangunannya sejak 1989 sampai sekarang sudah berumur lebih dari 30 tahun, dengan menggunakan Kriteria Perencanaan (KP) Tahun 1986. Tujuan penelitian adalah modifikasi dan menghitung ulang debit kebutuhan air agar dapat berfungsi optimal dengan berlandaskan Kriteria Perencanaan Irigasi dalam Peraturan Dirjen SDA KemenPU Tahun 2013, dengan metode penelitian meliputi data primer dan sekunder serta pengolahan data beracuan peraturan tersebut. Hasil didapat debit eksisting 5397 liter/detik dan debit hasil modifikasi sebesar 5652,49 liter/detik, sehingga terdapat selisih kurang debit sebesar 255,49 liter/det. Luasan petak tersier selayaknya diperkecil, idealnya 50 ha, dalam keadaan tertentu dapat ditolelir sampai 75 ha, yang disesuaikan dengan kondisi topografi agar pelaksanaan operasi dan pemeliharaan lebih mudah. Ada beberapa petak tersier dilakukan simulasi modifikasi, dengan memecah luasan petak tersier semula dan menambahkan petak tersier baru yang memungkinkan untuk pembagian secara merata dan terpenuhi sesuai kebutuhan.

Abstract

Telaga Langsat Irrigation Area, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan with an area of 3044.8 Ha, is functioned to be able to irrigate agricultural rice fields with technical irrigation, in recent years there needs to be a review of the distribution of water which is only functioning but not optimal, base on data of the left Telaga Langsat, it is only served 1264,45 Ha in a discharge is 2,231 m3/sec (Ikrimathus. S, 2013).. Moreover, from its development since 1989 until now it is more than 30 years old, using the 1986 Planning Criteria (KP). The aim of this research is to modify and recalculate the discharge of water needs based on the Irrigation Regulatory Standard (KP) of 2013, with research methods including primary and secondary data as well as data processing based on these regulations. The results show that the existing discharge is 5397 liters / second and the modified discharge is 5652.49 liters / second, so there is a difference of 255.49 liters / sec. The area of tertiary compartments should be reduced, ideally 50 ha, in certain circumstances can be tolerated up to 75 ha, which is adjusted to topographic conditions so that the implementation of operation and maintenance is easier. There are several tertiary plots that have been simulated with modification, by dividing the area of the original tertiary plot and adding new tertiary plots that allow for even distribution and fulfillment as needed
Im Schatten des Trumpismus: Autoritärer Populismus in der Regierung und die Neuformierung der radikalen Rechten in den USA. Erweiterte Fassung
Authors: Rensmann Lars
Published: June 2021

Der Artikel analysiert die Entwicklung der radikalen Rechten in den USA im Kontext der Präsidentschaft des autoritären Rechtspopulisten Donald J. Trump. In einer akteurszentrierten Perspektive, die indes die politische Nachfrageseite und gesellschaftliche Bedingungen einbezieht, werden Transformations- und Interaktionsprozesse der radikalen und populistischen Rechten seit dem Aufstieg des Trumpismus rekonstruiert. Es zeigt sich erstens ein Prozess der Neuformierung der radikalen Rechten, die sich sowohl auf vorgelagerte Netzwerke und neue Bewegungen als auch eine lange schwelende illiberale, „autoritär-nationalistische Revolte“ stützt, welche durch den Trumpismus und Trumps Präsidentschaft politisch mobilisiert worden ist. Zu beobachten sind dabei eine spezifische Interaktionsdynamik und eine partielle Verschmelzung der radikalen und der neuen populistischen Rechten, wobei sich einige rechtsextreme Kräfte von Trump abgrenzen. Zweitens ist ein machtgestützter Prozess der Radikalisierung gegen das demokratische System der USA zu konstatieren, der im Kontext des regierenden Trumpismus auch signifikante Teile der Republikanischen Partei ergriffen hat. Drittens hat der Trumpsche autoritäre Regierungspopulismus Ausbreitungen, Mainstreaming und Legitimierungen rechtsradikaler Akteure, Ideologien, „alternativer Fakten“ und Verschwörungsmythen ermöglicht. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Befunde werden kurz die Perspektiven der radikalen Rechten in den USA nach dem Ende der Präsidentschaft Trumps diskutiert.
Платинаны анықтау әдістері мен бөліп алуда қолданылатын экстрагенттер (шолу)
Authors: Киікбай М , Қанай Г , Досмағанбетова С , Тосмаганбетова К
Published: June 2021

Бұл жұмыста платина (IV) иондарын  аналитикалық анықтау әдістеріне және оларды бөліп алуда қолданылатын экстрагенттерге жүйелі әдеби шолу жүргізілді.

Әдеби шолуда қазіргі уақытта қолданылатын химилық, физикалық, физика-химиялық әдістер қарастырылды. Оның ішінде айтарлықтай селективті және сезімтал болып табылатын спектроскопиялық әдістерге үлкен назар аударылды.

Көп компонентті нысандардан платинаны  алу және оны анықтауда қолданылатын реагенттер мен экстрагенттердің бірнеше тобы қарастырылды.

Солардың ішінде фосфорорганикалық (үшбутилфосфат, ди-2-этилгексилфосфор қышқылы), жоғарымолекулалы алифатты спирттер, дифенилтиомочевина, жоғары күкіртті мұнайлардан бөлінген жоғарымолекулалық органикалық сульфидтер, оттекті, күкіртті қышқылдар және екіншілік ( А), үшіншілік( NНA) аминдер, диаминдер және төртіншілік аммонийлы негіздердің ( NA) негізіндегі бинарлы экстрагенттерді атап өтуге болады.

Қолданылатын экстрагенттердің барлығына (хлороформ, диэтил эфирі, төртхлорлы көміртек, т.б.) тән жалпы кемшілік – олардың судағы ерігіштігінің айтарлықтай жоғары болуы, улылығы, өртқауіптілігі.

Сондықтан, органикалық реагенттердің тиімділігін сұйық органикалық еріткіштердің кемшіліктерін жоятын экстрагенттермен ұштастыру түбегейлі маңызды. Мұндай реагенттер ретінде суда мүлде ерімейтін, улы емес, өрткеқауіпсіз, экстракциялық сыйымдылығы жоғары, селективті, заттардың аз мөлшерлеріне сезімтал болып келетін жеңіл балқитын органикалық заттар қолданылуы мүмкін.
Art Education and Expertise An Eye Tracking Study
Authors: CANGÖZ Banu , OKTAY Bahadir , RÜZGAR KAYIRAN Necla , EMMUNGİL KARAMANOĞLU Serap
Published: June 2021

The impact of education and expertise in art on the process of examining a work of art has been studied in the present study via eye tracking method. The main purpose of the study was to compare a group of experts and non-experts in art with regard to eye tracking measurements, artwork analyses and recall performance. In this research, expert and non-expert groups were compared in terms of eye tracking measurements, heat maps, artwork analysis and the recall performances. Heat maps were demonstrated that experts viewed Early Renaissance and Fauvism movements, artworks more while non-experts viewed Fauvist artworks more in comparison with AOIs. However, it was indicated that there is no statistically significant difference between the expert and non-expert groups for each artwork about eye metrics and recall performance during art-work analysis. On the other hand, artwork analysis grades of the experts were deter-mined to be higher at a statistically significant level in comparison with the non-experts.
A Reincidência Como Efeito Prisional E Os Danos A Sociedade
Authors: Oliveira Keila Araújo de
Published: June 2021

Este artigo tem como metodologia um estudo verticalizado das decisões dos Ministros do Supremo Tribunal Federal na Arguição de Descumprimento de Preceito Fundamental nº 347, precisamente no ponto que trata da reincidência causada pelas más condições carcerárias e, os danos que isso causa a população brasileira. O problema reside no fato dos ex-presidiários voltarem a delinquir, muito provavelmente pelo mal funcionamento dos presídios que não lhes dão chances a ressocialização. E em que pese essa má situação carcerária trazer malefícios a própria sociedade, a mera menção de investimentos financeiros em presídios causa repulsa na grande maioria das pessoas, tudo isso em virtude de conceitos preconcebidos, que devem ser desmistificados com informações de qualidade, dados e pesquisas. Buscou-se aqui, demonstrar o elo entre a reincidência de ex-presidiários, com a situação de cárcere pela qual passaram e, a criminalidade que assola a sociedade, acrescida da solução que, é a necessidade de investimentos públicos nos presídios brasileiros, tudo a luz do que foi discutido na ADPF nº 347.
Los sistemas complejos como herramienta para la sustentabilidad. Una visión desde la perspectiva de la Teoría Crítica.
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Cortes Fregoso José Héctor
Published: June 2021

It is recognized that economic science must respond to theoretical foundations more attached to reality, which implies, for a good number of economists, a paradigm shift, a scientific revolution. For some decades, in different parts of the planet the theoretical-empirical limitations of the mainstream and its econometric instrument have been discussed. In university settings, the microeconomic and macroeconomic principles based on concepts such as static, comparative static and, on some occasions, dynamic equilibrium continue to be taught.
Repensando la enseñanza de la sustentabilidad.
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Gonzalez Medina Martha Virginia
Published: June 2021

The social commitment to educate and teach under the approach of sustainability requires a change: to stop reducing Nature to a simple commodity and what changes, strategies and resources to use to train future professionals under a multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary, transdisciplinary and critical approach . The University of Guadalajara faces a great challenge, as an institution it must assume commitments and joint actions as an institution of higher education to train a new type of professionals; carry out modifications in all the study plans of the different careers; train their professors, which implies facing institutional and interpersonal barriers relying on collaborative work with other universities, companies, government and NGOs under a social commitment. Although the need for these changes is recognized and it is desired to do so, it is necessary to design the course of action to carry them out.
Inocencia quebrantada. El uso de lo grotesco en Pelea de Gallos de María Fernanda Ampuero.
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara. Doctorado en Humanidades (MÉXICO), Galindo Núñez Miguel Ángel
Published: June 2021

Few years ago, María Fernanda Ampuero came suddenly to the literary world, standing out in Latin America and even in the United States with her anthology of stories Pelea de gallos. This paper starts with the concept of “dispositio”: the order of ideas in a rhetorical discourse, which has —also— been used by literary studies to refer to the sequence in narrative, or the specific accommodation that exists in an anthology. In this way, Ampuero’s book has a discourse of maturity, violence and aging. In the same way, the grotesque is an element that resonates strongly in these texts, so that, we can know the intensity of the criticisms of: machismo, misogyny and contempt for another human being have through uses of metaphors or descriptions. This work generates links from story to story and ends up developing a social complaint established throughout the book.
El Otro No-Humano y el Coronavirus
Authors:   Departamento de Filosofía. Universidad de Guadalajara. (MÉXICO), de la Parra Rodríguez Fabián
Published: June 2021

The global Coronavirus pandemic originated out of a wet market in Wuhan, China. Thus, this virus is the product of the market conditions that lacked any sort of ethical considerations.Among the most ingrained dogmas in most human beings throughout history is the idea that mankind has non-human beings at their disposal to do with them whatever humanity’s will might dictate. The ethical relation is suspended during the interaction with animals and thus humans are allowed to torture, harm, imprison, and kill animals for scientific experiments, entertainment, or to satisfy hunger or a craving. Through the levinasian concept of transcendence, this article will propose Otherness as a category of Peter Singer’s utilitarian critique of factory farming. The current virus is proposed to be the result of a system that subsumes the non-human Other as matter to be manipulated and ignores any sort of ethical responsibility.
El silencio y lo indecible como morada del ser: Wittgenstein, Heidegger y Rosenzweig. Filósofos entre ruinas.
Authors:   Tecnológico de Monterrey. (MÉXICO), Navarro Fuentes Carlos Alberto
Published: June 2021

The objective of the essay is to follow the tracks of silence philosophically, as multiplicity not reducible to unity; there are instances of silence, not silence, neither objectively nor subjectively considered; it is not an 'object' or a 'subjective experience'. Recognize the relevance of silence based on its apparent irrelevance, and, nevertheless, point out the importance that it can have in the attempt to lead to philosophical reflection and to philosophize in general what is essential in it: THINKING. The proposed path requires LISTENING to language, rather than taking for granted the immediate disposition and transparency with which the world appears to us. To do this, we will reflect on excerpts from works written by three thinkers who lived 'war' up close: Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951), Martin Heidegger (1889-1976) and Franz Rosenzweig (1886-1929). This work proceeds peripathetically, alone, reflections emerge in the middle of a world that crumbles between the complexity and destruction that technique and modernity have brought. It is undertaken by welcoming resonances, sensations, representations, images, verses and musings, reflecting in the midst of daily daze. Is there a logical-grammatical silence or an ethicalmystical-liturgical silence? Is silence equivalent to an impossibility of saying or is it the result of an impossibility of saying itself, which does not say when what it most wants to say? Silence of existence or silence in the face of events that threaten to overwhelm us? Is silence silent or is being silent?
CASSON FLUID OF A STAGNATION-POINT FLOW (SPF) TOWARDS A VERTICAL SHRINKING/STRETCHING SHEET
Authors: Mutuku Winifred N. , Oyem Anselm O.
Published: June 2021

This study presents a convectively heated hydromagnetic Stagnation-Point Flow (SPF) of an electrically conducting Casson fluid towards a vertically stretching/shrinking sheet. The Casson fluid model is used to characterize the non-Newtonian fluid behaviour and using similarity variables, the governing partial differential equations are transformed into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The dimensionless nonlinear equations are solved numerically by Runge-Kutta Fehlberg integration scheme with shooting technique. The effects of the thermophysical parameters on velocity and temperature profiles are presented graphically and discussed quantitatively. The result shows that the flow field velocity decreases with increase in magnetic field parameter and Casson fluid parameter .
HUMAN-ANIMAL TRANSITIONS IN ROBERT HENRYSON'S “MORALL FABILLIS”
Authors: ÖZGÜN Ulaş
Published: June 2021

Fable is a literary genre that is structurally bipartite, and the anthropomorphised characters in the narrative part illustrate a truth in the moral part. Traditionally the moral part of the fables has received closer scrutiny compared to the narrative part. Scottish poet Robert Henryson, who regards the fable genre as a serious form of literature, does not refrain from modifying the genre for his needs in his work entitled Morall Fabillis. Accordingly, to convey his thoughts about the sinful condition of humankind, he employs the concept of the Great Chain of Being in his fables. Thus, the characters in the narrative part become a blatant criticism of humans' indulgence in their carnal appetites as a result of which they become indistinguishable from animals. To this end, this article argues that in the narrative parts of the selected three fables, namely, “The Cock and the Jasp”, “The Fox and the Wolf” and “The Sheep and the Dog” Henryson does not conne himself only to animal-like characters of the traditional fable, but creates two additional character types which can be called hybrids and human-like. The hybrid characters function as a kind of experiment to show how chaotic the world would be if the animals assumed the roles of humans. The human-like characters become tools to display how people are indistinguishable from animals when they yield to their earthly desires. Diversication of the character types helps Henryson transpose the collection's overarching theme of subjection to carnality instead of spirituality to the narrative part and establishes equality and unity between the two parts of the fable genre.
INTELLIGENT DATA ANALYSIS IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH: CONVOLUTIONAL ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Narkevich A. N. , Vinogradov K. A. , Paraskevopulo K. M. , Mamedov T. H.
Published: June 2021

Convolutional neural networks are one of the modern tools that allow medical research to analyze and recognize not just a set of data about the objects under study or patients, but to use an image as the object under study. Due to the significant role of visual diagnostic methods in the provision of medical care, the use of intelligent recognition of the results of these methods becomes essential. At the moment, convolutional neural networks become widespread in research on the quality of diagnostics in various fields of medicine. However, complex mathematical apparatus behind convolutional neural networks function, and the tools for their construction limit implementation of these models into medical research and practice. This paper provides a gentle introduction to the methodology and application possibilities of convolutional neural networks in medical research. In this paper the reader will find methodological foundations behind convolutional neural networks, a description of a data set for building such models, an example of construction of a convolutional neural network model for classification of dermatoscopic images using TensorFlow and Keras libraries in Python as well as recommendations on how to present the results of building convolutional neural networks.
Public support for climate action
Authors: Leiserowitz Anthony , Steentjes Kat , Townend Ruth , Fisher Stephen , Poortinga Wouter
Published: June 2021

This session will help attendees to understand the latest survey data on public support for mitigation action, and discuss the usefulness of polls for driving climate action.
Interplay of Inflammatory, Antigen and Tissue-Derived Signals in the Development of Resident CD8 Memory T Cells
Authors: Pritzl Curtis J. , Daniels Mark A. , Teixeiro Emma
Published: June 2021

CD8 positive, tissue resident memory T cells (TRM) are a specialized subset of CD8 memory T cells that surveil tissues and provide critical first-line protection against tumors and pathogen re-infection. Recently, much effort has been dedicated to understanding the function, phenotype and development of TRM. A myriad of signals is involved in the development and maintenance of resident memory T cells in tissue. Much of the initial research focused on the roles tissue-derived signals play in the development of TRM, including TGFß and IL-33 which are critical for the upregulation of CD69 and CD103. However, more recent data suggest further roles for antigenic and pro-inflammatory cytokines. This review will focus on the interplay of pro-inflammatory, tissue and antigenic signals in the establishment of resident memory T cells.
Older Compared With Younger Adults Performed 467 Fewer Sit-to-Stand Trials, Accompanied by Small Changes in Muscle Activation and Voluntary Force
Authors: Santos Paulo Cezar Rocha dos , Lamoth Claudine J. C. , Gobbi Lilian Teresa Bucken , Zijdewind Inge , Barbieri Fabio Augusto , Hortobágyi Tibor
Published: June 2021

Background: Repetitive sit-to-stand (rSTS) is a fatigue perturbation model to examine the age-effects on adaptability in posture and gait, yet the age-effects on muscle activation during rSTS per se are unclear. We examined the effects of age and exhaustive rSTS on muscle activation magnitude, onset, and duration during ascent and descent phases of the STS task.

Methods: Healthy older (n = 12) and younger (n = 11) adults performed rSTS, at a controlled frequency dictated by a metronome (2 s for cycle), to failure or for 30 min. We assessed muscle activation magnitude, onset, and duration of plantar flexors, dorsiflexors, knee flexors, knee extensors, and hip stabilizers during the initial and late stages of rSTS. Before and after rSTS, we measured maximal voluntary isometric knee extension force, and rate of perceived exertion, which was also recorded during rSTS task.

Results: Older vs. younger adults generated 35% lower maximum voluntary isometric knee extension force. During the initial stage of rSTS, older vs. younger adults activated the dorsiflexor 60% higher, all 5 muscle groups 37% longer, and the hip stabilizers 80% earlier. Older vs. younger adults completed 467 fewer STS trials and, at failure, their rate of perceived exertion was ~17 of 20 on the Borg scale. At the end of the rSTS, maximum voluntary isometric knee extension force decreased 16% similarly in older and younger, as well as the similar age groups decline in activation of the dorsiflexor and knee extensor muscles (all p < 0.05).

Conclusion: By performing 467 fewer STS trials, older adults minimized the potential effects of fatigability on muscle activation, voluntary force, and motor function. Such a sparing effect may explain the minimal changes in gait after rSTS reported in previous studies, suggesting a limited scope of this perturbation model to probe age-effects on muscle adaptation in functional tasks.
Regret and Therapeutic Decisions in Multiple Sclerosis Care: Literature Review and Research Protocol
Authors: Saposnik Gustavo , Bueno-Gil Guillermo , Sempere Ángel P. , Rodríguez-Antigüedad Alfredo , del Río Beatriz , Baz Mar , Terzaghi María , Ballesteros Javier , Maurino Jorge
Published: June 2021

Background:Decisions based on erroneous assessments may result in unrealistic patient and family expectations, suboptimal advice, incorrect treatment, or costly medical errors. Regret is a common emotion in daily life that involves counterfactual thinking when considering alternative choices. Limited information is available on care-related regret affecting healthcare professionals managing patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods:We reviewed identified gaps in the literature by searching for the combination of the following keywords in Pubmed: “regret and decision,” “regret and physicians,” and “regret and nurses.” An expert panel of neurologists, a nurse, a psychiatrist, a pharmacist, and a psychometrics specialist participated in the study design. Care-related regret will be assessed by a behavioral battery including the standardized questionnaire Regret Intensity Scale (RIS-10) and 15 new specific items. Six items will evaluate regret in the most common social domains affecting individuals (financial, driving, sports—recreation, work, own health, and confidence in people). Another nine items will explore past and recent regret experiences in common situations experienced by healthcare professionals caring for patients with MS. We will also assess concomitant behavioral characteristics of healthcare professionals that could be associated with regret: coping strategies, life satisfaction, mood, positive social behaviors, occupational burnout, and tolerance to uncertainty.

Planned Outcomes:This is the first comprehensive and standardized protocol to assess care-related regret and associated behavioral factors among healthcare professionals managing MS. These results will allow to understand and ameliorate regret in healthcare professionals.

Spanish National Register(SL42129-20/598-E).
Bovine Colostrum and Its Potential for Human Health and Nutrition
Authors: Arslan Ayşenur , Kaplan Merve , Duman Hatice , Bayraktar Ayşe , Ertürk Melih , Henrick Bethany M. , Frese Steven A. , Karav Sercan
Published: June 2021

Colostrum is the first milk produced post-partum by mammals and is compositionally distinct from mature milk. Bovine colostrum has a long history of consumption by humans, and there have been a number of studies investigating its potential for applications in human nutrition and health. Extensive characterization of the constituent fractions has identified a wealth of potentially bioactive molecules, their potential for shaping neonatal development, and the potential for their application beyond the neonatal period. Proteins, fats, glycans, minerals, and vitamins are abundant in colostrum, and advances in dairy processing technologies have enabled the advancement of bovine colostrum from relative limitations of a fresh and unprocessed food to a variety of potential applications. In these forms, clinical studies have examined bovine colostrum as having the substantial potential to improve human health. This review discusses the macro-and micronutrient composition of colostrum as well as describing well-characterized bioactives found in bovine colostrum and their potential for human health. Current gaps in knowledge are also identified and future directions are considered in order to elevate the potential for bovine colostrum as a component of a healthy diet for a variety of relevant human populations.
Predicting Obesity in Adults Using Machine Learning Techniques: An Analysis of Indonesian Basic Health Research 2018
Authors: Thamrin Sri Astuti , Arsyad Dian Sidik , Kuswanto Hedi , Lawi Armin , Nasir Sudirman
Published: June 2021

Obesity is strongly associated with multiple risk factors. It is significantly contributing to an increased risk of chronic disease morbidity and mortality worldwide. There are various challenges to better understand the association between risk factors and the occurrence of obesity. The traditional regression approach limits analysis to a small number of predictors and imposes assumptions of independence and linearity. Machine Learning (ML) methods are an alternative that provide information with a unique approach to the application stage of data analysis on obesity. This study aims to assess the ability of ML methods, namely Logistic Regression, Classification and Regression Trees (CART), and Naïve Bayes to identify the presence of obesity using publicly available health data, using a novel approach with sophisticated ML methods to predict obesity as an attempt to go beyond traditional prediction models, and to compare the performance of three different methods. Meanwhile, the main objective of this study is to establish a set of risk factors for obesity in adults among the available study variables. Furthermore, we address data imbalance using Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) to predict obesity status based on risk factors available in the dataset. This study indicates that the Logistic Regression method shows the highest performance. Nevertheless, kappa coefficients show only moderate concordance between predicted and measured obesity. Location, marital status, age groups, education, sweet drinks, fatty/oily foods, grilled foods, preserved foods, seasoning powders, soft/carbonated drinks, alcoholic drinks, mental emotional disorders, diagnosed hypertension, physical activity, smoking, and fruit and vegetables consumptions are significant in predicting obesity status in adults. Identifying these risk factors could inform health authorities in designing or modifying existing policies for better controlling chronic diseases especially in relation to risk factors associated with obesity. Moreover, applying ML methods on publicly available health data, such as Indonesian Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS) is a promising strategy to fill the gap for a more robust understanding of the associations of multiple risk factors in predicting health outcomes.
Simultaneous Determination of a Novel PD-L1 Inhibitor, IMMH-010, and Its Active Metabolite, YPD-29B, in Rat Biological Matrices by Polarity-Switching Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Application to ADME Studies
Authors: Jiang Jianwei , Zou Xiaowen , Liu Yuke , Liu Xiao , Dong Kai , Yao Xiaoqing , Feng Zhiqiang , Chen Xiaoguang , Sheng Li , Li Yan
Published: June 2021

IMMH-010 is a prodrug of YPD-29B, which is a novel PD-L1 inhibitor. A specific and sensitive LC-MS/MS method with polarity switching was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of IMMH-010 and YPD-29B in rat plasma, liver, brain, urine and fecal samples. Method validation was investigated to demonstrate the lower limit of quantification linearity, precision and accuracy, matrix effect and recovery, stability and dilution reliability for IMMH-010 and YPD-29B. This validated method was successfully applied to investigate the pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and excretion of IMMH-010 and YPD-29B in rats. After oral administration of IMMH-010 maleate to rats, IMMH-010 was rapidly and extensively converted to the active metabolite YPD-29B. The areas under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of IMMH-010 and YPD-29B were proportional to the dose in the range of 10–100 mg/kg. IMMH-010 was primarily distributed in the adrenal gland, lymph nodes, heart, liver and spleen. YPD-29B was mainly observed in the liver, lymph, kidney, and lung. Approximately 28.81% of the IMMH-010 dose was recovered in the urine and feces within 72 h, including unchanged IMMH-010 (7.99%) and YPD-29B (20.82%). The results of this study may be useful as a reference for further development of IMMH-010 and PD-L1 inhibitors.

Clinical Trial Registration: [https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04343859?term=IMMH-010&draw=2&rank=1], identifier [NCT04343859]."
Effects of Short-Term Fasting on mRNA Expression of Ghrelin and the Peptide Transporters PepT1 and 2 in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)
Authors: Del Vecchio Gianmarco , Lai Floriana , Gomes Ana S. , Verri Tiziano , Kalananthan Tharmini , Barca Amilcare , Handeland Sigurd , Rønnestad Ivar
Published: June 2021

Food intake is a vital process that supplies necessary energy and essential nutrients to the body. Information regarding luminal composition in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) collected through mechanical and nutrient sensing mechanisms are generally conveyed, in both mammals and fish, to the hypothalamic neurocircuits. In this context, ghrelin, the only known hormone with an orexigenic action, and the intestinal peptide transporters 1 and 2, involved in absorption of dietary di- and tripeptides, exert important and also integrated roles for the nutrient uptake. Together, both are potentially involved in signaling pathways that control food intake originating from different segments of the GIT. However, little is known about the role of different paralogs and their response to fasting. Therefore, after 3 weeks of acclimatization, 12 Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) post-smolt were fasted for 4 days to explore the gastrointestinal response in comparison with fed control (n = 12). The analysis covered morphometric (weight, length, condition factor, and wet content/weight fish %), molecular (gene expression variations), and correlation analyses. Such short-term fasting is a common and recommended practice used prior to any handling in commercial culture of the species. There were no statistical differences in length and weight but a significant lower condition factor in the fasted group. Transcriptional analysis along the gastrointestinal segments revealed a tendency of downregulation for both paralogous genes slc15a1a and slc15a1b and with significant lowered levels in the pyloric ceca for slc15a1a and in the pyloric ceca and midgut for slc15a1b. No differences were found for slc15a2a and slc15a2b (except a higher expression of the fasted group in the anterior midgut), supporting different roles for slc15 paralogs. This represents the first report on the effects of fasting on slc15a2 expressed in GIT in teleosts. Transcriptional analysis of ghrelin splicing variants (ghrl-1 and ghrl-2) showed no difference between treatments. However, correlation analysis showed that the mRNA expression for all genes (restricted to segment with the highest levels) were affected by the residual luminal content. Overall, the results show minimal effects of 4 days of induced fasting in Atlantic salmon, suggesting that more time is needed to initiate a large GIT response.
Effect of Short-Term Desiccation, Recovery Time, and CAPA–PVK Neuropeptide on the Immune System of the Burying Beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides
Authors: Urbański Arkadiusz , Walkowiak-Nowicka Karolina , Nowicki Grzegorz , Chowański Szymon , Rosiński Grzegorz
Published: June 2021

Environmental conditions, especially related to winter, are crucial for shaping activity of insect immune system. However, our previous research clearly indicates differences in the immune system functioning when the cold stress was induced in the laboratory conditions and when the beetles were collected from natural environment during winter. This is probably related to the multiplication of observed effects by simultaneous presence of different stress factors characteristic of winter, including desiccation. For these reasons, our next step was analysis of the effects of short-term desiccation and recovery time on the functioning of immune system of burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides. Also, the effect of Tenmo–PVK-2 (tenebrionid periviscerokinin), member of the CAPA–PVK neuropeptide family, was investigated to better understand observed changes. Short-term desiccation decreases the phagocytic activity of burying beetle haemocytes, which is correlated with a reduction in their adhesive ability. On the other hand, there was a significant increase in phenoloxidase (PO) activity and the level of proPO expression, which may suggest sealing the cuticula by melanin deposition and prevention of water loss. Additionally, the elevated level of defensin expression may be associated with the cross-talk between mechanisms, which participate in insect response to environmental stress, including pathogen infection. After 1 h of recovery time, the activity of tested cellular and humoral mechanisms was mostly back to the control level. However, inhibition of the activity of PO and down-regulation of proPO were noted. These results also indicate importance of melanin deposition during water loss. Moreover, it suggests that some changes in immune system functioning during stress conditions do not have an immune function. Interestingly, part of the effects characteristic of recovery time were also observed after the application of Tenmo–PVK-2, mainly related to haemocyte morphology. These results indicate that CAPA–PVK neuropeptides may also influence on activity of burying beetle immune system. It should be also highlighted that, because of the study of the effects of CAPA–PVK neuropeptides, homologs of vertebrate neuromedin U, the results may be interesting for search evolutionary similarities in the functioning of the neuroendocrine system of insects and vertebrates.
The Relationship Between Facial Expression and Cognitive Function in Patients With Depression
Authors: Ruihua Ma , Hua Guo , Meng Zhao , Nan Chen , Panqi Liu , Sijia Liu , Jing Shi , Yunlong Tan , Shuping Tan , Fude Yang , Li Tian , Zhiren Wang
Published: June 2021

Objective: Considerable evidence has shown that facial expression recognition ability and cognitive function are impaired in patients with depression. We aimed to investigate the relationship between facial expression recognition and cognitive function in patients with depression.

Methods: A total of 51 participants (i.e., 31 patients with depression and 20 healthy control subjects) underwent facial expression recognition tests, measuring anger, fear, disgust, sadness, happiness, and surprise. The Chinese version of the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB), which assesses seven cognitive domains, was used.

Results: When compared with a control group, there were differences in the recognition of the expressions of sadness (p = 0.036), happiness (p = 0.041), and disgust (p = 0.030) in a depression group. In terms of cognitive function, the scores of patients with depression in the Trail Making Test (TMT; p < 0.001), symbol coding (p < 0.001), spatial span (p < 0.001), mazes (p = 0.007), the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test (BVMT; p = 0.001), category fluency (p = 0.029), and continuous performance test (p = 0.001) were lower than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. The accuracy of sadness and disgust expression recognition in patients with depression was significantly positively correlated with cognitive function scores. The deficits in sadness expression recognition were significantly correlated with the TMT (p = 0.001, r = 0.561), symbol coding (p = 0.001, r = 0.596), maze (p = 0.015, r = 0.439), and the BVMT (p = 0.044, r = 0.370). The deficits in disgust expression recognition were significantly correlated with impairments in the TMT (p = 0.005, r = 0.501) and symbol coding (p = 0.001, r = 0.560).

Conclusion: Since cognitive function is impaired in patients with depression, the ability to recognize negative facial expressions declines, which is mainly reflected in processing speed, reasoning, problem-solving, and memory.
Abusive Supervision and Creativity: Investigating the Moderating Role of Performance Improvement Attribution and the Mediating Role of Psychological Availability
Authors: Wang Can , Wei Yongchang , Zhao Xuan , Zhang Xuan , Peng Ye
Published: June 2021

The existing studies have indicated that abusive supervision affects creativity; however, the specific impact mechanism is still unclear due to the uncertain relationship between leadership and employee creativity. Based on the resource perspective, this study examines the influence of abusive supervision on creativity through psychological availability (PA) and the moderating of this mediation by performance improvement attribution (PIA). Based on a survey of 234 employees', the hypotheses have been tested and the results reveal that abusive supervision had a detrimental effect on employee creativity partially mediated by employee PA, and employees' PIA moderated the mediation. This study offers new insights into the mechanisms associated with the relationship between abusive supervision and creativity.
Improving Parenting Practices Among Fathers Who Misuse Opioids: Fathering Through Change Intervention
Authors: Cioffi Camille C. , DeGarmo David S.
Published: June 2021

Fathers have been largely neglected in the parenting literature though there is a critical need to improve parenting practices among fathers who misuse opioids in the midst of the opioid epidemic. Urgency is critical to rapidly intervene in the lives of fathers and children to reduce misuse and interrupt intergenerational cycles of substance misuse. Thus, we provide an overview of solutions to adapt existing parenting interventions for fathers who misuse opioids to accelerate the pace of science for this population.
The Impact of an Authentic Sports Leadership Program for Coach
Authors: Soto Garcia Diego , García Herrero Juan Antonio , Carcedo Rodrigo Jesús , Sánchez García Mario
Published: June 2021

Purpose:This paper studies the effects of authentic sports leadership training on coaches' self-perception of their own authentic leadership, perceived justice, competence, overall self-efficacy, and collective efficacy. Additionally, players' perceptions of their coaches with respect to their authentic leadership, perceived justice, competence, collective efficacy, satisfaction with the coach, and support for basic psychological needs were analyzed.

Design:Twenty-five football and handball coaches were randomly assigned to two groups. Fifteen coaches made up the experimental group that carried out the training leadership program, while 10 coaches made up the control group, carrying out no training whatsoever. A total of 248 football and handball players participated in this study; 136 were led by coaches who participated in the training program, and 112 by coaches who did not participate in the program.

Results:The results of this study indicate that coaches' self-perception is positively influenced after having received training in the variables of authentic leadership, perceived justice, competence, overall self-efficacy, and collective efficacy. Players whose coaches were part of the program perceive them as being more competent as coaches.

Conclusions:The effects of an authentic sports leadership training program are effective for coaches and players alike.
Study Protocol: Transition_psy a Multicenter Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study Assessing Risk and Protective Factors to Develop Psychopathology in Transitional Age Youth in Belgium
Authors: Reis Joana , Marchini Simone , De Leeuw Anthony , Slama Hichem , Leys Christophe , Delhaye Marie , Kornreich Charles , Nicolis Hélène , Delvenne Véronique
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Emerging adults are a particularly at-risk population in mental health. The primary aim of the Transition_psy study is to evaluate changes in mental health care need and quality of life during transition from Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) to Adult Mental Health Services (AMHS). The relationship between these changes and genetic or environmental vulnerabilities and clinical dimensions representing risk and protective factors to the development of psychopathology will be analyzed. We also aim to explore how each factor plays, specifically, a role in developing internalizing and externalizing symptoms, in order to predict the most common paths of psychopathology in transitional age youth (TAY).

Methods and Analysis:Transition_psy is a multicenter prospective longitudinal cohort study. The transversal and trans-diagnostic approach consists of a dimensional evaluation: 300 youth at the age of 17 will be included in a cohort of in-patients, out-patients and control group. Participants will be assessed at baseline (T0) and 24 months later (T1). The primary objective to determine changes in self-rated Health Of The Nation Outcome Scales For Children And Adolescents (HONOSCA-SR) and WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) scores between T0 and T1. Pearson correlation and mediation analysis will be performed. A secondary objective analysis using mediation and moderation models with several dimensional aspects, including self-reported and cognitive measures, will be conducted to disentangle the potential relationships between the two scores.

Discussion: Transition from CAMHS to AMHS occurs at a crucial age in terms of the continuum between adolescent and adulthood psychopathology. This collaborative and cohesive protocol between CAMHS and AMHS represents the first national cohort study about Transition Psychiatry in French-speaking Belgium.

Ethics and Dissemination: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Boards (IRB) of the three participating sites. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and disseminated at national and international conferences. This trial was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT04333797) on 3 April 2020.
Részleges kivehető fémlemezes műfogsorok tervezése a hazai gyakorlatban II.
Authors: Radnai Márta , Baráth Zoltán , Albert Balázs , Tarjányi Tamás , Marada Gyula
Published: June 2021

Szakmai irányelvek, jogi, etikai útmutatók és szabályok vonatkoznak a fogorvosok feladataira és kötelességeire a betegellátással kapcsolatban, ezen belül az öntött kapocs elhorgonyzású részleges kivehető fémlemezes műfogsorok készítésére is. Vizsgálatunk célja volt annak felmérése, hogy a mindennapi gyakorlat szerint milyen mértékben követik ezen előírásokat a fogorvosok. Kérdőíves módszerrel gyűjtöttük az adatokat, és 88 fogorvos válaszait dolgoztuk fel. Eredményeink szerint a fogorvosoknak körülbelül fele (54,5%) küld pontos tervet fémlemez készítéséhez a laborba, a kapocstartó fogakat 88,5% jelöli meg, a kapcsok típusát 65,9% választja ki, a nagy összekötőkre nézve pedig 55,8%-uk ad utasítást. Az információátadás kisebbrészt rajzban (7 fő, 8,1%), nagyobbrészt szövegesen (29 fő, 33,7%) történik meg, és a legtöbben (50 fő, 58,2%) rajzos és szöveges utasítást küldenek. A fogorvosok nagyrészt készek a felelősséget vállalni hiba esetén, és fontosnak tartják a közös tervezést. Ahhoz, hogy az előírásoknak megfelelően a fogorvosok mindig, de legalábbis gyakrabban tervezzék meg a kivehető részleges fémlemezes fogpótlásokat a beteggel kapcsolatos információk birtokában, szükséges lenne az egyetemi képzésben és a továbbképzéseken az ilyen típusú pótlások készítéséhez szükséges elméleti és gyakorlati ismeretek bővítése.