bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Stres Kerja Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada Pt. Lancar Wiguna Sejahtera Area Jakarta Selatan
Authors: Bella  , Samcay Samcay
Published: January 2025

The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence of work stress variables on employee performance, to determine the positive and significant influence of motivation variables on employee performance and to determine the positive and significant influence of work stress and motivation variablessimultaneously on employee performance at PT.lancar Wiguna Sejahtera. The sample used was a saturated sampling technique, totaling 70 employees. Data collection techniques through primary and secondary data. Data analysis techniques use descriptive statistics, validity test, reliability test, normality test,  multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, autocorrelation test, simple linear regression analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, correlation coefficient analysis, coefficient of determination analysist test and f test.The research results show that: (1) Partially there is no positive and significant influence between work stress on employee performance at PT. Lancar Wiguna Sejahtera runs smoothly, this can be proven from the simple linear regression equation Y = 36.209+0.090 (2) Partially there is a opositive and significant influence between motivation on employee performance at PT. Lancar Wiguna Sejahtera's success, this can be proven from the simple linear regression equation Y = 27.928+0.294 (3) Simultaneously there is a positive and significant influence between work stress and motivation on employee performance at PT. Lancar Wiguna Sejahtera runs smoothly, this can be proven from the multiple linear regression equation Y = 27.016 + 0.045 X₁+ 0.277 ???????????? 3.129 with a significant level of 0.006 < 0 .05.
Kepastian Hukum Pelunasan Bea Perolehan Hak Atas Tanah dan Bangunan (BPHTB) Sebelum Balik Nama Waris Dikaitkan dengan Penggunaan Nilai Kewajaran Nilai Jual Objek Pajak (NJOP)
Authors: Markos Fengki , Halim Anriz Nazaruddin , Sartono Sartono
Published: January 2025

Pajak yang dikenakan atas perolehan hak atas tanah dan bangunan disebut pajak Bea Perolehan Hak Atas Tanah dan Bangunan (BPHTB). BPHTB adalah pajak yang dihitung sendiri oleh wajib pajak dan termasuk pajak daerah. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Kepastian Hukum yang digagas oleh Gustav Radbruch yang digunakan untuk menganalisis Kepastian hukum terhadap pelunasan Bea Perolehan Hak Atas Tanah dan Bangunan (BPHTB) sebelum balik nama waris yang dikaitkan dengan penggunaan nilai kewajaran Nilai Jual Objek Pajak (NJOP). Selain itu juga, menggunakanTeori Kewenangan oleh H.D Stout untuk melakukan analisi terkait Kewenangan Badan Pendapatan Daerah (BAPENDA) terhadap penentuan nilai kewajaran dalam Nilai Jual Objek Pajak (NJOP) sebelum balik nama waris dalam pelunasan BPHTB. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan jenis penelitian hukum kepustakaan dengan sumber bahan-bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Pendekatan penelitian yang dipergunakan meliputi Perundang-Undangan, konseptual, analisis dan kasus. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum dilakukan dengan cara mengidentifikasi dan menginventarisasi aturan hukum positif, literatur buku, jurnal dan meneliti bahan pustaka. Untuk teknik analisa bahan hukum dilakukan dengan penafsiran hukum sistematis, penafsiran teleologis, dan menggunakan konstruksi analogi yang merupakan metode memberikan tafsiran pada suatu peraturan hukum dengan memberikan analogi pada kata-kata tersebut sesuai dengan asas hukumnya. Diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa Validasi BPHTB seharusnya dilakukan tidak hanya saat wajib pajak melakukan perbuatan hukum atau mengalami peristiwa hukum (waris). Namun dalam praktik Validasi BPHTB dan pembaharuan data dilakukan saat wajib pajak mendaftarkan peralihan haknya sehingga kepastian NJOP PBB yang digunakan tidak tercapai.
Mapping Groundwater-Potential Zones Using Geospatial and Decision-Making Approaches: Case Study of Ghiss-Nekkour Watershed in Northeastern Morocco
Authors: Mazzourh Abdessamad , Taher Morad , Ouhadi Abdellah , Dakak Houria , Cherkaoui Dekkaki Hinde
Published: January 2025

Accelerated population growth has led to a heightened demand for water resources, resulting in a notable decline in underground water storage – especially in coastal areas. To effectively manage this crucial resource, the objective of this research work is to identify potential groundwater recharge areas in the Ghiss-Nekkour watershed using Saaty’s multi-criteria analysis combined with GIS and remote-sensing techniques. Initially, this work involved gathering spatial information that was related to the various parameters that govern recharge and express it in thematic maps: slope, altitude, geology, rainfall, soil, land cover, and drainage density. A reclassification was made according to their degrees of involvement in the recharge process by Saaty’s analytical hierarchy process (AHP); this was followed by a weighting of these parameters. These were subsequently integrated into a GIS in order to establish a map of potential groundwater recharge zones in the Ghiss-Nekkour watershed. The groundwater-potential map resulted in five classes:– good (165 km2) and excellent (0.9 km2) aquifer recharge potentials – situated in north and southwest portions of study area;– moderate (617 km2) aquifer recharge potentials – located in western and southern parts of watershed;– fair (551 km2) and poor (44 km2) aquifer recharge potentials – located in central zone and southeastern part of Ghiss-Nekkour watershed.Field surveys that were conducted in November 2022 and October 2023 validated the obtained results.
Evaluación de gestión de biodiversidad al interior de predios frutícolas de la ecorregión mediterránea en Chile
Authors:   , Jiménez Pérez Valentina Paz
Published: January 2025

La agricultura tiene un rol clave en la conservación de biodiversidad. Este estudio evaluó la gestión realizada por productores frutícolas de la zona mediterránea y semiárida chilena a través de la métrica Cool Farm, además describió la biodiversidad de flora y fauna que poseen los predios a través de índices de riqueza, y caracterizó la percepción que tienen productores sobre la biodiversidad. Los resultados indican que la gestión realizada por los predios apoya en promedio en un 27% a la biodiversidad, siendo mayor este puntaje en predios que cultivan mayor número de especies, utilizan menor cantidad de agroquímicos, manejan la salud del suelo, incorporan recursos florales y manejan áreas de vegetación no productiva.
Vistiendo la modernidad, moda y mujeres en Chile 1850-1920
Authors:   , Müller Gubbins Emilia
Published: January 2025

Los cambios sartoriales experimentados por las mujeres chilenas, sobre todo de clase media y alta, entre los años 1850 y 1920, fueron motivo de extendidas polémicas que afectaron indistintamente tanto a las novedades francesas como a trajes cuya utilización ritual tenían larga data. Cinco prendas en particular, la estructura interior conocida como crinolina, el manto chileno, los grandes sombreros emplumados, el corsé, y los primeros pantalones femeninos, fueron en gran medida expresiones controversiales de adecuaciones inéditas y contradictorias con la idiosincrasia local. Un examen minucioso de cada una de estas polémicas, permiten conectar la materialidad de la cotidianeidad femenina con problemas sociales y culturales más amplios, que se enmarcan en el complejo proceso moderno de escala global. La adopción de modas europeas por parte de las chilenas a fines del siglo XIX generalmente se ha explicado aludiendo al rol de éstas como dispositivos de distinción entre las clases sociales. Sin embargo, es posible establecer que la indumentaria a la moda, no se habría comportado únicamente como herramienta de diferenciación social sino como agente primordial de construcción de identidades femeninas modernas, constituidas por la negociación permanente entre la apropiación, el rechazo, la imitación y la innovación de referentes externos. Por ende, vestirse a la moda no solo habría respondido a ciertas exigencias de estatus económico y social, pero igualmente a otras motivaciones, por ejemplo, de tipo estético, religioso, erótico y político, también significativas en la fabricación de la propia apariencia revestida. Por ende, el análisis de los significados y prácticas asociadas a estas cinco prendas nos permiten afirmar que la moda, habría permitido a las mujeres participar activamente en el desarrollo de la modernidad desde lo íntimo del cuerpo y sus representaciones. Es decir, la moda se habría asociado de manera material y simbólica con la discusión de políticas públicas modernizantes propias del periodo asociadas a problemáticas de clase, género, religiosidad, urbanismo e higiene y, con la continua redefinición de ideologías normativas asignadas a mujeres de distintos estratos sociales. Asimismo, mediante la constante y significativa construcción de sus apariencias, los sujetos femeninos habrían logrado problematizar y cuestionar las normas desplegadas en el programa moderno.
Evaluation of Rice Genotypes for Tolerance to Imazethapyr Herbicide in Direct-Seeded Rice Systems
Authors: Kumar G. Senthil , Manonmani S. , Harini D.R. , Haripriya A. , Srinithi T. Hema , Srivani G. , Bharathi C. , Priya R. Sathya , Parasuraman P.
Published: January 2025

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance of different rice genotypes to the herbicide imazethapyr.
Study Design: Pot culture experiment. 
Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted in pot culture at the Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Kharif 2024.
Methodology: Pot culture experiment was conducted with three replications by using fourteen rice genotypes (G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, G8, G9, G10, G11, G12, G13, and G14) to assess the phyto-toxicity tolerance. A herbicide spray was applied at the 2-3 leaf stage of weeds in the pot culture. Imazethapyr 10% SL was used at a concentration of 2.5 ml/L, applied at 23 days after sowing (DAS). The herbicide solution was prepared by adding 5 ml of Imazethapyr to 2 L of water. The spray was applied using a 500 ml capacity hand sprayer. The experiment was carried out under controlled (Field) environmental conditions to assess the response of rice genotypes in terms of phytotoxicity, including any visual damage or growth reduction caused by the herbicide treatment. The data collected were used to identify tolerant and susceptible rice genotypes to imazethapuyr herbicide.
Results: The results revealed significant variation in tolerance among the rice genotypes. Genotype G14 exhibited the highest tolerance, displaying minimal phytotoxicity symptoms such as chlorosis and necrosis, and showed no adverse effects on growth. Moderate tolerance was observed in genotypes G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, and G8, which exhibited some injury but were able to recover and maintain growth potential. In contrast, the susceptible genotypes G9, G10, G11, G12, and G13 showed severe phytotoxicity symptoms and completely dried out.
Conclusion: The tolerant genotypes G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, G8 and G14, can be utilized for further rice breeding programme for the development of herbicide tolerant rice varieties.
Investigating The Chemical Composition And Ph Reactions Of Commercial Menstrual Pads: Implications For Vaginal Health
Authors: . .
Published: January 2025

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Creep and Superplasticity of Gadolinium‐Doped Ceria Ceramics under AC Electric Current
Authors: Dash Apurv , Morita Koji , Balice Luca , Mücke Robert , Guillon Olivier
Published: July 2023

Shaping of dense ceramics is difficult due to their inherent brittleness. Nanograined ceramics like tetragonal zirconia (TZP) can be superplastically deformed and shaped at high temperatures owing to grain boundary sliding (GBS). Herein, the enhanced plasticity of gadolinium‐doped ceria (GDC) ceramics under mild and strong AC electric current in terms of steady state creep rate under both compressive and tensile loading is demonstrated. A current density of 25 and 200 mA mm−2 is used for the creep deformation. The creep rate increases by up to two orders of magnitude under electric current. The stress exponent remains unchanged for creep experiments at 1200 °C with and without electric current, suggesting a GBS mechanism of plastic deformation in both cases. The field‐enhanced creep rate is attributed to the interaction of space–charge layer and the electric field resulting in enhanced GBS. A higher current density results in enhanced ductility of GDC even when the Joule heating effect is compensated by reducing the furnace temperature.
Topological Flat Bands in 2D Breathing‐Kagome Lattice Nb3TeCl7
Authors: Zhang Hongrun , Shi Zhijian , Jiang Zhicheng , Yang Ming , Zhang Jingwei , Meng Ziyuan , Hu Tonghua , Liu Fucai , Cheng Long , Xie Yong , Zhuang Jincheng , Feng Haifeng , Hao Weichang , Shen Dawei , Du Yi
Published: July 2023

Flat bands (FBs) can appear in two‐dimensional (2D) geometrically frustrated systems caused by quantum destructive interference (QDI). However, the scarcity of pure 2D frustrated crystal structures in natural materials makes FBs hard to be identified, let alone modulate FBs relating to electronic properties. Here, the experimental evidence of the complete electronic QDI induced FB contributed by the 2D breathing‐kagome layers of Nb atoms in Nb3TeCl7 (NTC) is reported. An identical chemical state and 2D localization characteristics of the Nb breathing‐kagome layers are experimentally confirmed, based on which NTC is demonstrated to be a superior concrete candidate for the breathing‐kagome tight‐binding model. Furthermore, it theoretically establishes the tunable roles of the on‐site energy over Nb sites on bandwidth, energy position, and topology of FBs in NTC. This work opens an aveanue to manipulate FB characteristics in these 4d transition‐metal‐based breathing‐kagome materials.
Atomically Dispersed Fe Sites Regulated by Adjacent Single Co Atoms Anchored on N‐P Co‐Doped Carbon Structures for Highly Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Pei Zhihao , Zhang Huabin , Guo Yan , Luan Deyan , Gu Xiaojun , Lou Xiong Wen (David)
Published: July 2023

Manipulating the coordination environment and electron distribution for heterogeneous catalysts at the atomic level is an effective strategy to improve electrocatalytic performance but remains challenging. Herein, atomically dispersed Fe and Co anchored on nitrogen, phosphorus co‐doped carbon hollow nanorod structures (FeCo‐NPC) are rationally designed and synthesized. The as‐prepared FeCo‐NPC catalyst exhibits significantly boosted electrocatalytic kinetics and greatly upshifts the half‐wave potential for the oxygen reduction reaction. Furthermore, when utilized as the cathode, the FeCo‐NPC catalyst also displays excellent zinc‐air battery performance. Experimental and theoretical results demonstrate that the introduction of single Co atoms with Co‐N/P coordination around isolated Fe atoms induces asymmetric electron distribution, resulting in the suitable adsorption/desorption ability for oxygen intermediates and the optimized reaction barrier, thereby improving the electrocatalytic activity.
Transfer Hydrogenation of Azoarenes to Hydrazoarenes by Ammonia Borane Complex Catalyzed by Au Nanoparticles
Authors: Zantioti‐Chatzouda Elisavet‐Maria , Malliotaki Dimitra , Stratakis Manolis
Published: July 2023

Minute amounts of supported Au nanoparticles on TiO2 (0.1 mol%) catalyze quantitatively at room temperature the transfer hydrogenation of azoarenes to hydrazoarenes by ammonia borane complex, in ethanol as solvent. At 1 mol% catalyst loading level and 2.5 molar equivalents of ammonia borane the process occurs instantaneously. The catalyst is recyclable and reusable. In the absence of reducing agent, hydrazoarenes undergo smooth Au/TiO2‐catalyzed aerobic oxidation back to azoarenes.
Multicomponent Radical Cross‐Coupling Reaction of [1.1.1]Propellane: Synthesis of 1‐Arylthiol‐3‐Heteroaryl Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes †
Authors: Li Lin , Liu Yumiao , Li Jian , Chen Qing , Zhang Pengfei , Shen Jiabin , Wu Jirong
Published: July 2023

Herein, a visible light‐mediated multicomponent radical cross‐coupling reaction of [1.1.1]propellane with N‐heterocycles and disulfides is described. The mild conditions enabled the installation of the BCP motif in a wide variety of compounds in the absence of photocatalyst, additive and metal catalyst, with excellent functional group tolerance, This methodology opens a approach for the synthesis of potentially bioactive 1‐arylthiol‐3‐heteroaryl bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes in moderate to good yield.
Ga‐Catalyzed Temperature‐Dependent Oxazolidinone/Piperazine Synthesis from Phenyl Aziridines Involving a Divergent Ligand‐Assisted Mechanism
Authors: Billacura Maria Distressa G. , Lewis Ryan D. , Bricklebank Neil , Hamilton Alex , Whiteoak Christopher J.
Published: July 2023

Application of a binary Ga‐based catalyst system for the coupling of CO2 and aziridines to form oxazolidinones is presented. It has been possible to optimize the catalyst system for the selective formation of a single regioisomer, in excellent yield, under relatively mild reaction conditions. The optimized catalyst system has been successfully applied to a range of substituted aziridines derived from styrene oxide. It has been observed that aziridines bearing two aromatic substituents result in piperazine formation through an unexpected dimerization reaction. These piperazine products can be selectively formed in the absence of CO2 or are favored at lower reaction temperatures. A detailed DFT study into the reaction mechanism for the formation of both products has been carried out and an unusual ligand assistance in the case of oxazolidinone synthesis has been identified. More specifically, this ligand interaction promotes the initial ring‐opening of the aziridine and this work presents the first fully elucidated mechanism involving this intermediate.
Michael Addition and Oxidative Cross‐Coupling Reaction of α‐Oxo Ketene Dithioacetals and Maleimides: Switchable Synthesis of 3‐Alkenyl Succinimides and Maleimides
Authors: Yu Haifeng , Mo Jian , Niu Xuemin , Luo Dashuang , Che Guangbo
Published: July 2023

Switchable synthesis of 3‐alkenyl succinimides and maleimides has been achieved via Michael addition and oxidative cross‐coupling reaction of α‐oxo ketene dithioacetals and maleimides by switching different reaction conditions. In the presence of 30 mol% of CH3SO3H in DCE at 120 °C, Michael addition reaction of α‐oxo ketene dithioacetals and maleimides occurred to afford 3‐alkenyl succinimides in 40–90% yields, whereas in the presence of 30 mol% of Pd(OAc)2 in DMF at 20 °C, 3‐alkenyl maleimides were obtained in 40–80% yields from the oxidative cross‐coupling reaction of α‐oxo ketene dithioacetals with maleimides. The presupposition of directing groups onto the substrates is not required in the Michael addition reaction. The method can be extended to gram scale.
The MAGIC algorithm probability (MAP)‐guided preemptive therapy of acute graft versus host disease with methylprednisolone: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zeng Qiang , Zhang Hang , Kuang Pu , Li Jian , Chen Xinchuan , Dong Tian , Wu Qiuhui , Zhang Chuanli , Chen Chunping , Niu Ting , Liu Ting , Liu Zhigang , Ji Jie
Published: July 2023

Acute graft versus host disease (aGvHD) is a severe complication that arises in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) and remains the primary cause of nonrelapse mortality (NRM). The MAGIC algorithm probability (MAP) has been proposed to identify patients at intermediate and high risk of developing aGvHD. The levels of suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) and regenerating islet‐derived 3α (Reg3α) were assessed, and MAP was calculated on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 after allo‐HSCT. Based on the MAP results, patients were classified into low‐, intermediate‐, or high‐risk groups for the development of aGvHD. Random assignment was performed to allocate intermediate‐ or high‐risk patients to receive preemptive therapy with methylprednisolone or not. The 100‐day cumulative incidences of grade 2 or higher (35.5% ± 8.6%) and grade 3 or higher (12.9% ± 6.0%) aGvHD in the methylprednisolone group were significantly lower than those in the control group (66.7% ± 7.9%, p = .01; 42.9% ± 8.4%, p = .01), and similar to those observed in the low‐risk group (31.7% ± 7.3%, p = .75; 2.4% ± 2.4%, p = .08). The 6‐month cumulative incidences of NRM were 14.1% ± 6.6%, 22.7% ± 7.1%, and 2.4% ± 2.4% in the methylprednisolone, control, and low‐risk groups, respectively, with no significant difference between the methylprednisolone and control groups (p = .29). Methylprednisolone did not increase infections (p = .34). The 100‐day cumulative incidences of cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation were 67.7% ± 8.4%, 65.6% ± 8.4%, and 46.3% ± 7.8% (p = .08), and those of grade 2 or higher hemorrhagic cystitis were 29.0% ± 8.2%, 45.2% ± 8.9% and 22.0% ± 6.5% (p = .11) in the methylprednisolone, control, and low‐risk groups, respectively. MAP‐guided preemptive therapy for aGvHD is promising. The long‐term efficacy and safety remain to be investigated.
Solvent‐free synthesized zeolites as compatibility agents in FKM rubber
Authors: Petkowicz Diego Ivan , dos Santos da Silva Alan , Mignoni Marcelo Luis , dos Santos João Henrique Zimnoch
Published: July 2023

Dry hybrid synthesized zeolite was added to a fluoroelastomer (FKM). Carbon black filler was also evaluated. The resulting systems were evaluated in terms of rheological, physicochemical and morphological characteristics. Replacing carbon black with zeolites decreased the torque maximum (125–144 nM) for all samples. The type of filler has a significant influence on the thermal stability of FKM compounds. The use of x‐ray microtomography (IMX for) on the investigated samples (fluorinated polymers) was shown to be a potential and powerful tool for fractioning the components of the resulting composite material. According to microtomography images, increasing the filler content increases the number of pores, probably due to the greater difficulty in dispersing larger volumes of fillers, which are shown as interconnected conglomerates. The SodC8.5 filler showed a considerable increase in stress at rupture (11 MPa) with only 1 phr, maintaining stability up to 10 phr, while elongation at break increased. The use of Sod and SodC8.5 loads showed an improvement of 15% and 30% in relation to the base compound. Finally, in a thermal stability test at the temperature of liquid N2, the SodC8.5 sample showed the best dimensional stability (approx. 7%), verifying the good compatibility between the filler and the fluorinated polymeric matrix.
Laser processing of carbon black reinforced ethylene‐butyl acrylate copolymer
Authors: El Aboudi I. , Bouyahia Z. , He D. , Bai J. , Mdarhri A. , Brosseau C. , Benayad A. , Charlot F. , Elazhari M. , Pecastaings G.
Published: July 2023

Interest in the phenomenon of laser ablation (LA) has gained significant attention in recent years due to its potential for machining, high‐precision drilling, and cutting materials, such as metals, semiconductors, and dielectrics. Here, LA of ethylene‐butyl acrylate (EBA) filled with different volume fractions (4%, 8%, and 20%) of CB particles is studied. Upon irradiation with the second harmonics (532 nm) of the nanosecond pulsed Nd:YAG laser, a structuration is evidenced at the sample surface in a restricted range of fluence and at high pulse number (PN) (500 pulses, 1 Hz). The laser‐ablated surface is analyzed by microtopography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Collectively, our data show a lowering in ablation threshold and depth for CB volume fractions larger than the conduction threshold (8%), indicating that visible radiation primarily induces photothermal effects. After redeposition of the ablation products at the surface, XPS indicates that high CB content in the EBA matrix induces high oxidation level of the composite surface. Furthermore, our results reveal that LA produces a significant proportion of amorphous carbon. Several parameters which affect heat accumulation and CB particle shielding are discussed. Such parameters include laser fluence and repetition rate, and CB content.
Effects of nucleating agent content on the microstructure and macroscopic performances of polypropylene analyzed by non‐isothermal crystallization behaviors and isothermal crystallization morphologies
Authors: Yang Beixue , Jia Yu , Du Jiaye , Zhang Jun
Published: July 2023

Direct attainment of the crystal state corresponding to desired performances in processing can improve the productivity of semi‐crystalline polymer products. This work tried to propose the idea to approach the target by exploring the effects of nucleating agent content on non‐isothermal crystallization kinetics, isothermally crystallization morphologies and macroscopic properties of polypropylene (PP). The nucleating agent content varied from 0 to 0.5 phr, and all samples were prepared by melting blending at 180°C as the antioxidant and lubricant ensured fine stability and processing. The differential scanning calorimetry results and non‐isothermal crystallization kinetics indicated that introducing 0.3 phr nucleating agent advanced both initial crystallization and melting about 10°C and improved crystallization rate and crystallinity. Besides, 145°C was determined as an isothermal crystallization condition by setting temperature gradient, and the crystallization kinetics were described by a power‐law equation well. The average crystal size was refined to 40 μm uniformly and crystallization time was reduced to 1.5 min as loading 0.5 phr nucleating agent, contributing to the significant improvements in tensile and physical properties. Thus, adding such a short‐time heat insulation procedure into the non‐isothermal cooling stage during processing can obtain desired crystal state directly with loading adequate nucleating agent.
Continuous polyhydroxybutyrate production from biogas in an innovative two‐stage bioreactor configuration
Authors: Rodríguez Yadira , García Silvia , Lebrero Raquel , Muñoz Raúl
Published: July 2023

Biogas biorefineries have opened up new horizons beyond heat and electricity production in the anaerobic digestion sector. Added‐value products such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), which are environmentally benign and potential candidates to replace conventional plastics, can be generated from biogas. This work investigated the potential of an innovative two‐stage growth‐accumulation system for the continuous production of biogas‐based polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) using Methylocystis hirsuta CSC1 as cell factory. The system comprised two turbulent bioreactors in series to enhance methane and oxygen mass transfer: a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and a bubble column bioreactor (BCB) with internal gas recirculation. The CSTR was devoted to methanotrophic growth under nitrogen balanced growth conditions and the BCB targeted PHB production under nitrogen limiting conditions. Two different operational approaches under different nitrogen loading rates and dilution rates were investigated. A balanced nitrogen loading rate along with a dilution rate (D) of 0.3 day−1 resulted in the most stable operating conditions and a PHB productivity of ~53 g PHB m−3 day−1. However, higher PHB productivities (~127 g PHB m−3 day−1) were achieved using nitrogen excess at a D = 0.2 day−1. Overall, the high PHB contents (up to 48% w/w) obtained in the CSTR under theoretically nutrient balanced conditions and the poor process stability challenged the hypothetical advantages conferred by multistage vs single‐stage process configurations for long‐term PHB production.
Using PharmaPy with Jupyter Notebook to teach digital design in pharmaceutical manufacturing
Authors: Laky Daniel J. , Casas‐Orozco Daniel , Abdi Mesfin , Feng Xin , Wood Erin , Reklaitis Gintaras V. , Nagy Zoltan K.
Published: July 2023

The use of digital tools in pharmaceutical manufacturing has gained traction over the past two decades. Whether supporting regulatory filings or attempting to modernize manufacturing processes to adopt new and quickly evolving Industry 4.0 standards, engineers entering the workforce must exhibit proficiency in modeling, simulation, optimization, data processing, and other digital analysis techniques. In this work, a course that addresses digital tools in pharmaceutical manufacturing for chemical engineers was adjusted to utilize a new tool, PharmaPy, instead of traditional chemical engineering simulation tools. Jupyter Notebook was utilized as an instructional and interactive environment to teach students to use PharmaPy, a new, open‐source pharmaceutical manufacturing process simulator. Students were then surveyed to see if PharmaPy was able to meet the learning objectives of the course. During the semester, PharmaPy's model library was used to simulate both individual unit operations as well as multiunit pharmaceutical processes. Through the initial survey results, students indicated that: (i) through Jupyter Notebook, learning Python and PharmaPy was approachable from varied coding experience backgrounds and (ii) PharmaPy strengthened their understanding of pharmaceutical manufacturing through active pharmaceutical ingredient process design and development.
Learning counterfactual outcomes of MOOC multiple learning behaviors
Authors: Zhang Mengjie , Li Jingtao , Huang Qixuan , Kan Haibin
Published: July 2023

The absence of counterfactual outcomes presents a fundamental challenge in causal inference. However, existing work typically does not apply to multiple learning behaviors of Massive Open Online Courses. This paper proposes a counterfactual representation learning model based on multitask learning, applicable to any dimension, and any type of treatment. The model consists of a potential outcome network and a propensity score encoder, which shares feature information from the base layer. The propensity scores calculated by the encoder are then utilized in the potential outcome network to mitigate selection bias. Experiments based on real‐world data sets demonstrate the superior performance of our model compared with baselines.
What influences computational thinking? A theoretical and empirical study based on the influence of learning engagement on computational thinking in higher education
Authors: Liu Shuai , Peng Changling , Srivastava Gautam
Published: July 2023

As an important part of core competencies in the 21st century, computational thinking has received a lot of attention from all over the world. In the field of higher education, cultivating the ability of computational thinking has become an important goal of teaching. Previous research has shown that students' learning engagement is related to partial dimensions within computational thinking. However, there was a lack of research on the overall relationship between learning engagement and computational thinking. Therefore, this study aims at constructing an overall relationship model between learning engagement and computational thinking to examine the influence of three dimensions of learning engagement on the five dimensions of computational thinking. The participants were 341 freshmen from central China. The results show that compared with behavioral engagement, both emotional engagement and cognitive engagement had a stronger predictive power for computational thinking. In addition, the learning environment played a significant role in the relationship between learning engagement and computational thinking. On the whole, when compared with traditional multimedia classrooms, the relationship between learning engagement and computational thinking in smart classrooms was closer. A theoretical and empirical study of the relationship between learning engagement and computational thinking presents researchers and education practitioners with a method to improve students' computational thinking by building a learning environment and designing pedagogy.
School refusal: a case‐based exploration of school avoidance
Authors: los Angeles C. Paula Lewis‐de , Elliott Sally , Gainor Jamie
Published: July 2023

It's the second week of school after summer break, and in the morning, a seven‐year‐old girl, Margarita, tells her mother that her belly is hurting and she doesn't want to go to school. Her mother remembers that she just had her annual well‐child visit with her pediatrician without any concerns identified.
A case for improving parent–child communication among multilingual‐immigrant populations
Authors: Tan Tina , Gen Bethany , Epting Christopher , Tampke Elizabeth C.
Published: July 2023

Parent–child communication plays a key role in adolescents' and parents' mental and behavioral health. Parent–child communication is associated with child well‐being outcomes, including socioemotional development (e.g., Grotevant, 2001), interpersonal relationships (e.g., Carson et al., 1999), and academic success (e.g., Branje, 2008; Noller & Feeney, 2004). Importantly, parent–child communication can be improved by interventions and serves as a key intervention mechanism for adolescent risk prevention programs (e.g., Doucette et al., 2021).
Keep your eye on…
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: July 2023

How brain structure relates to psychopathology across diagnoses

The importance of gender‐affirming care to mental health
White House takes steps to protect young people from the harms of social media
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: July 2023

This year the White House announced a plan to do something about the problems of social media and youth, saying “ there is now undeniable evidence that social media and other online platforms have contributed to our youth mental health crisis.”
Effect of biological variation in HbA1c and blood glucose on the diagnosis of prediabetes
Authors: Hempe James M. , Yang Shengping , Hsia Daniel S.
Published: July 2023

Introduction

People with a low or high haemoglobin glycation index (HGI) have lower or higher HbA1c than other people with the same FPG. This study compared the prevalence of prediabetes based on FPG, 2hOGTT and HbA1c in people with low, moderate or high HGI.

Methods

Prediabetes was diagnosed based on ADA cutpoints in 10,488 NHANES participants without self‐reported diabetes. HGI was calculated as the difference between a participant's observed HbA1c and a predicted HbA1c where predicted HbA1c = 0.024 FPG + 3.1. Participants were divided into low (HGI < −0.15%), moderate (HGI −0.15% to +0.15%) and high (HGI > +0.15%) HGI subgroups.

Results

The prevalence of prediabetes was 42.4% based on FPG, 27.2% based on HbA1c and 17.2% based on 2hOGTT. FPG and HbA1c thus overdiagnosed prediabetes by 25.2% and 10.0%, respectively, compared to the OGTT gold standard. Prevalence was (1) similar in low, moderate and high HGI participants based on 2hOGTT, (2) highest in low HGI participants based on FPG, and (3) highest in high HGI participants based on HbA1c. Among participants with mismatched FPG and HbA1c, OGTT was normal in (1) 79.5% of participants with normal FPG but prediabetic HbA1c (mean HGI = +0.53%), and (2) 75.2% of participants with normal HbA1c but prediabetic FPG (mean HGI = −0.30%).

Conclusions

FPG overdiagnosed prediabetes in people with low HGI. HbA1c overdiagnosed prediabetes in people with high HGI. Clinical use of HGI could improve prediabetes diagnosis and help health care providers avoid inappropriate or delayed treatment of people with extremes of HGI.
Worldwide perceptions of studying in the United States
Authors: Dennis Marguerite J.
Published: July 2023

Higher education has become one of the U.S.'s largest service exports, adding an estimated $44 billion a year to the U.S. economy.
CUNY hires first Inclusion Coordinator for veterans
Authors: Elfman Lois
Published: July 2023

Although 26% of the student‐veteran population attending colleges within the City University of New York system are women, U.S. Army veteran Jessica Funes recalled that as a student she often felt invisible. She earned a master's degree in human rights at CUNY John Jay College of Criminal Justice so she could become a veterans advocate.
Policy as a strategy to innovate in health care? A content analysis of innovation policies in Germany, 1994–2017
Authors: Kurte Melina Sophie , Blankart Katharina Elisabeth
Published: July 2023

Determining what innovation means for healthcare is becoming increasingly complex. Health policy addresses this challenge by designing initiatives to improve healthcare quality and efficiency, one example being the German Innovation Fund of 2015. We investigate the innovation concept underlying 25 years of German health policy to analyse which and why some innovations are sustainable in a healthcare system. Expanding a previous approach to identify changes in the semantic understanding of ‘innovation’, we identify the semantic understandings of innovation, variation in health innovation policy contingencies. We use Henry Mintzberg's approach to classify patterns in health innovation policy to uncover predominant planning, adaptive, and entrepreneurial strategy modes. Systematic analysis resulted in 44 decision‐relevant policy documents. Content was classified based on a qualitative content structuring method according to seven main categories and 57 subcategories. Results reveal that the innovation concept is undergoing a transformation from a science‐based concept, dominated by planning and adaptive modes, towards an exploration of process innovations, dominated by adaptive and entrepreneurial strategy modes. This change in strategy is an essential contingency of high‐volume instruments, such as the Innovation Fund, and their capability to support the emergence of process innovations that lead to structural changes in the healthcare system.
What is in the news today? How media‐related affect shapes adolescents' stance towards the EU
Authors: Mayer Anna‐Maria , Neubauer Andreas B. , Jugert Philipp
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Adolescence is regarded as a formative period for political development. One important developmental context is media. Negatively perceived political media content can foster populistic attitudes, which in turn decreases support of political institutions, such as the European Union (EU). As media valence effects are short‐lived, this study examined intra‐individual associations of media valence with European identity commitment and affect towards the EU, as well as indirect effects via populistic attitudes across 10 days.

Methods

We implemented a 10‐day daily diary study with 371 adolescents from Germany (January to February 2022). Adolescents were on average 14.24 years old (SD = 0.55) and 60.4% were female. We estimated the hypothesized associations using multilevel structural equation models and dynamic structural equation models.

Results

We found significant associations between populistic attitudes and negative affect towards the EU on the same day and the next day. The lagged effect became nonsignificant, when including both same day and lagged effects into one model. Populistic attitudes were not significantly associated with European identity commitment within days or across days. Negative media content was associated with higher populistic attitudes on the same day and indirectly associated with negative affect towards the EU (b = −.01, 95% credible interval [−0.010, −0.004]).

Conclusion

Negatively perceived political media content was associated with higher populistic attitudes and more negative affect towards the EU concurrently. Our results imply that media plays an important role for adolescents' development.
Rapid extraction of bioactive compounds from gardenia fruit using new and recyclable deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Wen Lijiao , Fan Chen , Zhao Xi , Cao Xueli
Published: July 2023

The utilization of deep eutectic solvent as an alternative and environmentally friendly option has gained significant attention. This study first proposed a series of benzylammonium chloride based‐deep eutectic systems for the extraction of bioactive compounds from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. Through the implementation of response surface methodology, the optimal solvent was determined to be dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride–levulinic acid (1:3, mol/mol) with 35% (v/v) water, specifically tailored to extract geniposide, genipin‐1‐β‐d‐gentiobioside, crocin‐1, and crocin‐2 from gardenia fruits with the ratio of solid to liquid of 1:20 at 86°C for 16 min. Their total extraction yields could reach 70.6 mg/g, outperforming those obtained by other solvents and corresponding techniques. Furthermore, the eutectic system was retrieved after first‐cycle extraction, and then applied in the subsequent extraction progress, yielding a consistent extraction efficiency of 97.1%. As compared to previous traditional methods, a quick, high‐yielding, and green extraction procedure was achieved through simple heating settings that did not constrain the instrument. Therefore, dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride–levulinic acid could serve as a sustainable and reusable solvent for efficient extraction of natural bioactive compounds from plant‐based raw materials. The application of deep eutectic solvents has demonstrated their potential as designable solvents with stronger extraction capabilities than traditional organic solvents.
A deleterious frameshift insertion mutation in the ZNF142 gene leads to intellectual developmental disorder with impaired speech in three affected siblings: Clinical features and literature review
Authors: Mir Atefeh , Song Yongjun , Lee Hane , Montazer‐Zohouri Mostafa , Reisi Marziyeh , Tabatabaiefar Mohammad Amin
Published: July 2023

Background

ZNF142 gene is a protein‐coding gene encoding Zinc Finger Protein 142. ZNF proteins are a vast group of cellular effectors with a wide range of functions such as signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, meiotic recombination, DNA repair, development, and cell migration. Mutations in the ZNF142 gene are related to neurodevelopmental disorder with impaired speech and hyperkinetic movements (NEDISHM). This study on a family with three affected siblings identified a pathogenic frameshift insertion variant. In addition, we conducted a review of the literature on previously reported ZNF142 gene variants and their clinical manifestations.

Materials and Methods

Three affected siblings with severe intellectual developmental disabilities and speech impairments, their parents, and other sibs in the family were included. The patients were studied by the whole exome sequencing. Sanger sequencing, co‐segregation analysis, and in silico analysis were carried out to verify candidate variant. The identified variant was interpreted based on the ACMG guideline.

Results

We identified a frameshift insertion variant in the ZNF142 gene, NM_001379659.1: c.3755dup (NP_001366588.1:p.Arg1253ThrfsTer15), that was related to the clinical features of three patients. The identified variant was found to be pathogenic.

Conclusion

The current study findings expand the existing knowledge of the variant on the ZNF142 gene implicated in the neurodevelopmental disorder, intellectual disability, and impaired speech and it presents a detailed clinical feature associated with related conditions. The data have implications for genetic diagnosis and counseling in families with the same disorders.
Three‐dimensional quantitative muscle ultrasound in patients with facioscapulohumeral dystrophy and myotonic dystrophy
Authors: de Jong Leon , Greco Anna , Nikolaev Anton , Weijers Gert , van Engelen Baziel G. M. , de Korte Chris L. , Fütterer Jurgen J.
Published: July 2023

Introduction/Aims

Ultrasound imaging of muscle tissue conventionally results in two‐dimensional sampling of tissue. For heterogeneously affected muscles, a sampling error using two‐dimensional (2D) ultrasound can therefore be expected. In this study, we aimed to quantify and extend ultrasound imaging findings in neuromuscular disorders by using three‐dimensional quantitative muscle ultrasound (3D QMUS).

Methods

Patients with facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (n = 31) and myotonic dystrophy type 1 (n = 16) were included in this study. After physical examination, including Medical Research Council (MRC) scores, the tibialis anterior muscle was scanned with automated ultrasound. QMUS parameters were calculated over 15 cm of the length of the tibialis anterior muscle and were compared with a healthy reference data set.

Results

With 3D QMUS local deviations from the healthy reference could be detected. Significant Pearson correlations (P < .01) between MRC score and QMUS parameters in male patients (n = 23) included the mean echo intensity (EI) (0.684), the standard deviation of EI (0.737), and the residual attenuation (0.841). In 91% of all patients, mean EI deviated by more than 1 standard deviation from the healthy reference. In general, the proportion of muscle tissue with a Z score >1 was about 50%.

Discussion

In addition to mean EI, multiple QMUS parameters reported in this study are potential biomarkers for pathology. Besides a moderate correlation of mean EI with muscle weakness, two other parameters showed strong correlations: standard deviation of EI and residual attenuation. Local detection of abnormalities makes 3D QMUS a promising method that can be used in research and potentially for clinical evaluation.
Simultaneous enhancement of the strength and the roughness of poly(lactic acid) using palmitoylated cellulose nanocrystal
Authors: Xie Zhongyuan , Guo Mingwei , Chen Zhangyun , Jiang Hua
Published: July 2023

The nanocomposite films from poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and palmitoylated cellulose nanocrystals (e‐CNCs) were characterized using different techniques. Raman spectra showed the formation of hydrogen bonding interactions between the PLA and the e‐CNCs. The proper amount (1.0 wt%) of the e‐CNCs led to the formation of greater amounts of smaller PLA spherulites and increased the PLA crystallinity in comparison with the neat PLA sample. The scanning and transmission electron microscopy images showed that 1.0 wt% of the e‐CNCs could uniformly be dispersed in the PLA matrix and that the nanocomposite exhibited some elasticity. The dynamic rheological properties showed the formation of interconnected networks in the PLA/e‐CNCs composite at 1.0 wt% of the e‐CNCs. The analysis of the mechanical performance of the ensuing nanocomposite showed a 74% increase in tensile strength, a 62.1% increase in Young's modulus, and a 68.4% increase in the elongation at the break after the incorporation of 1.0 wt% of the e‐CNCs into the PLA. Therefore, the palmitoylated CNCs were highly promising for the simultaneous enhancement in the strength and the toughness of PLA.

Highlights

Reinforcement of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) by the palmitoylated CNCs.

Simultaneous improvement in the strength and roughness of PLA sample.

Entanglement and H‐bond between the palmitoylated CNCs and PLA molecular chain.

More and smaller PLA crystals induced by the palmitoylated CNCs.