bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Problematika Yang Dihadapi Guru Bahasa Indonesia Dalam Proses Pembelajaran Daring Selama Pandemi Covid-19 di MAN 2 Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Juwita Juwita , Fitria Yenni , Supriyanto Supriyanto
Published: January 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui masalah yang dihadapi guru Bahasa Indonesia dalam pembelajaran daring selama pandemi COVID-19 di MAN 2 Kota Bengkulu. Lokasi penelitian ini dilakukan di sekolah MAN 2 Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini termasuk ke dalam penelitian diskriptif kuantitatif dan populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua guru Bahasa Indonesia di Sekolah MAN 2 Kota Bengkulu berjumlah 4 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masalah yang dihadapi guru Bahasa Indonesia dalam proses pembelajaran daring selama pandemi Covid-19 di MAN 2 Kota Bengkulu berada dalam kategori terhambat. Hal tersebut didapat dari masing-masing kategori, seperti dalam perencanaan pembelajaran dalam hal ini penyusunan perencanaan pembelajaran oleh guru sebesar 50% menyatakan menghambat, pelaksanaan pembelajaran dari rumah diketahui bahwa sebesar 50% menyatakan menghambat, dan penilaian pembelajaran dari rumah diketahui bahwa sebesar 75% menyatakan menghambat.
An Analysis Of Multimodals On Grab Advertisement
Authors: Akmal Akmal , Latiffani Chitra , Almeina Iin
Published: January 2022

This study aims to analyse the grab advertisement by searching the form of audiovisual. This analysis of this study used the semiotic approach which was focused on the nultimodals system which included the linguistic, the visual, the audio, the gesture, and the spatial aspects. In the linguistic and the visual aspect, it used the theory of Cheong (2004). The results of this study described that the five multimodal systems were integrated each other especially in the contrast of colour. It was related to the metafunctions of the language, the material process of experiential function was so dominant (75,86%), In the interpersonal functions, the declarative was so dominant in used. In the textual functions, the marked theme is also dominant because they used the spoken language. The gesture aspect was good because they did not speak too much, but there were a few statements on the poster of the announcement.
Peran Public Relations Antara Sekolah Dan Masyarakat Untuk Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan Di Sekolah Dasar (Studi Kasus Di Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Tondano Selatan Kabupaten Minahasa)
Authors: Sumendap Refly
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) hakekat peran humas dalam pengelolaan hubungan sekolah dan masyarakat, (2) tujuan, fungsi dan manfaat hubungan sekolah dan masyarakat, (3) prinsip-prinsip dalam pengelolaan hubungan sekolah dan masyarakat, (4) ruang lingkup pengelolaan hubungan sekolah dan masyarakat di Sekolah Dasar, (5) pelaksanaan program hubungan sekolah dan masyarakat dilakukan dengan menggunakan alternatif teknik (media elektronik dan media online) agar dapat menyesuaikan dengan perkemabangan zaman. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode studi literatur, dengan cara mengumpulkan data pustaka, membaca, mencatat serta pengelolaan bahan penelitian. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa fungsi dari pengelolaan hubungan sekolah dan masyarakat dapat membangun mutu pendidikan khususnya di jenjang Sekolah Dasar, meningkatkan partisipasi dari masyarakat terhadap proses pencapaian program-program sekolah, dengan adanya pengelolaan maka dapat meningkatkan kerja sama antara hubungan sekolah dan masyarakat. Implemenasinya meliputi berbagai pertemuan, musyawarah serta adanya kerja sama antara lembaga pendidikan dengan masyarakat sekitar, selain itu dapat terjalin hubungan yang erat antara warga sekitar sekolah untuk menjaga keamanan, mengikutsertakan warga masyarakat di lingkungan sekolah begitupun sebaliknya, serta melaksanakan pembinaan untuk jenjang Sekolah Dasar (SD). Evaluasi yang dilakukan terhadap pengelolaan hubungan sekolah dan masyarakat yaitu orangtua terlibat dalam pengelolaan, terciptanya programkerja baru, menjalankan proses dan saling melakukan sharing antar orangtua.
Budaya Lokal Pada Kampung Budaya Sindangbarang Bogor Dalam Ragam Teks Tulisan Mahasiswa Sebagai Bentuk Industri Kreatif Pembelajaran
Authors: Rosdiana Rina , Attas Siti Gomo
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini mengkaji pengertian, pemahaman, serta eksplorasi bentuk kelokalan budaya yang dipaparkan dalam beragam teks. Budaya dapat terlihat dalam sejumlah konsep, refresentasi prilaku manusia, dan dalam berbagai bentuk produk budaya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik studi pustaka. Jenisjenis teks terdiri atas deskripsi, eksplanasi, eksposisi, dan prosedural. Keempat jenis tulisan tersebut merupakan objek kajian yang dilakukan secara acak. Hasil penelitian berupa ragam teks dengan mengacu pada data budaya di Kampung Budaya Sindangbarang kabupaten Bogor. Beragam teks dari 17 mahasiswa dibuat sebagai produk industri kreatif pembelajaran dalam perkuliahan. Pengembangan Keterampilan Menulis. Khusus analisis budaya lokal dipilih sepuluh teks, Pengembangan teks memuat budaya lokal dengan beragam genre teks. Teks deskripsi pada Kampung Budaya Sindangbarang. Permainan Egrang, Dampuh, dan Bakiak, dan permainan “Boy-boy-an” baik sebagai objek budaya atau filosofi nilai-nilai yang terkandung di dalamnya. Pada teks prosedur memuat Langkah-langkah melakukan teknik permainannya. Pada jenis teks eksposisi objek budaya itu dijabarkan sebagai sebuah konsep pemikiran yang argumentatif, seperti pelestarian Kampung Budaya. Sementara pada teks eksplanasi produk budaya tersebut lebih dilihat pada pemahaman konsep permainan
Pengembangan Media Montase Berbahan Alam Untuk Meningkatkan Kreativitas Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Ni’ma Ni’ma , Utoyo Setiyo , Laiya Sri Wahyuningsi
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan agar dapat mengetahui pengembangan panduan media montase berbahan alam dalam meningkatkan kreativitas anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Perwati Kelurahan Liluwo Kecamatan Kota Tengah Kota Gorontalo. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitian dan pengembangan (Research And Development). Langkah- langkah dalam penelitian ini yaitu tahap I studi awal pendahuluan, tahap II Desain produk, tahap III Validasi Ahli, tahap IV Revisi Produk dan tahap V Uji coba kelompok kecil. Hasil penelitian pada uji validasi ahli menunjukan bahwa, 86% (Sangat Layak) untuk validator ahli media, dan 90% (Sangat Layak) untuk validator ahli materi. Serta hasil penelitian uji coba kelompok kecil pada anak menunjukan bahwa anak pertama mendapat skor 3 dengan kategori baik, anak kedua mendapat skor 3 dengan kategori baik, anak ketiga mendapat skor 3 dengan kategori baik, anak keempat mendapat skor 3 dengan kategori baik, dan anak kelima mendapat skor 3 dengan kategori baik. Dari analisis data yang telah dilakukan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa panduan media montase berbahan alam untuk meningkatkan kreativitas anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Perwati Kelurahan Liluwo Kecamatan Kota Tengah Kota Gorontalo yang telah dikembangkan dinyatakan valid.
Cohesion in News Articles: A Discourse Analysis of Two News Articles From BBC And TOLO News About Overturning The Courts’ Decision For Ahmad Omar Sheikh
Authors: Nijat Nazifullah
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the current study is to identify various types of cohesive devices and their usage in the selected news articles about the courts’ decision for British-born Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh who is convicted of killing US journalist Daniel Pearl; published in Tolo News and BBC News websites. The data is analysed based on the cohesion model proposed by Holiday and Hasan (1976). Cohesions are semantic connections or “relationships of meanings within the text that describe it as a text” (Halliday and Hasan, 1976). The findings of the study show that grammatical cohesive devices containing references, conjunctions, substitution and ellipsis as well as lexical cohesions involving repetitions and collocations were found in both news articles. Among other grammatical cohesive devices, references were found to be frequently used in both news articles while repetitions were the most frequently occurred cohesive devices among lexical cohesion. It can be concluded that all the mentioned cohesive devices employed in the text ultimately contributed to the meaning of the text by binding it in an organised way. It also has been observed that writers use cohesions to give a sense of connection and order to the text.
Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah Dalam Mewujudkan Sekolah Adiwiyata Nasional (Studi Kasus di SD Negeri 18 Pekanbaru)
Authors: Budiman Arif , Sudarno Sudarno , Made Sastrawan Putra Anak Agung
Published: January 2022

Pembentukan sekolah Adiwiyata merupakan bagian dari kebijakan pendidikan lingkungan hidup untuk meningkatkan sikap dan perilaku peduli terhadap lingkungan. Kegiatan utama dalam Sekolah Adiwiyata adalah mewujudkan kelembagaan sekolah yang peduli dan berbudaya lingkungan bagi sekolah dasar. Langkah ataupun strategi yang dimainkan oleh sebuah lembaga pendidikan merupakan wilayah kerja seorang kepala sekolah selaku pimpinan di sekolah tersebut. Untuk itu, kepala sekolah bertugas melaksanakan fungsi-fungsi kepemimpinan, baik yang berhubungan dengan pencapaian tujuan pendidikan maupun penciptaan iklim sekolah yang kondusif bagi terlaksananya proses pendidikan secara efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif expost facto dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Melalui metode ini peneliti mengkaji secara komprehensif terhadap fenomena-fenomena dan kejadian yang terjadi di lokasi penelitian sesuai fokus permasalahan yang telah ditentukan. Keteladanan kepala sekolah memberi contoh kepada seluruh masyarakat sekolah untuk peduli lingkungan. Beliau menunjukkan tindakan nyata untuk menggerakan seluruh masyarakat sekolahnya. Pemimpin mendiskusikan hal-hal yang akan dirapatkan untuk memperoleh gambaran sementara. Lalu dikembangkan kembali saat rapat bersama para guru-gurunya selaku masyarakat dalam sekolah. Dari mufakat bersama itu kepala sekolah menjalin hubungan dengan masyarakat luar sekolah untuk terlibat dalam mewujudkan program sekolah. Dan program itu dijalankan sesuai bagian-bagian dari masyarakat sekolah itu sampai kepada bagian pembelajarannya yang disusun bersama oleh para majelis guru selaku bawahan dari kepala sekolah. Pengaruh kepemimpinan kepala sekolah sangat besar dalam mewujudkan program adiwiyata. Karena kepemimpinan harus memberi tauladan yang baik untuk mendukung program yang direncanakannya. Pemimpin harus berpartisipasi aktif didalam dan diluar lingkungan sekolah dengan merangkul seluruh pihak terkait untuk ketercapaian program yang telah direncanakan.
Этнические миграции в Еврейской автономной области
Authors: Titova E. V. , Naumenko S. S. , Okolelova V. K. , Talpe V. A. , Chertkova E. E.
Published: January 2022

Монография посвящена особенностям миграционных, этнокультурных процессов в Еврейской автономной области. Авторами отмечается актуальность развития социо-, этнокультурных процессов в современной России, важной частью которых являются межэтнические и межрелигиозные отношения, которые в настоящее время активно изучаются в различных контекстах. Актуальность такого рассмотрения несомненна не только для нашей страны, но и в мировом масштабе. Подчеркивается взаимосвязь социально-экономических факторов с этнокультурными процессами в формировании общего образа субъекта РФ как полиэтничного региона с гармонизированной межэтнической обстановкой. Данное исследование будет полезно студентам, преподавателям, ученым, всем интересующимся современными межэтническими проблемами.
Foreign Competition as a Factor Defining Geographic Bound-aries of Market. Scientific Research of Faculty of Economics
Authors: Meleshkina A. I.
Published: January 2022

As a result of world globalization, competition in the markets for goods and services is also becoming global. Since national market participants are under pressure from foreign competition, when defining geographic boundaries, consideration should be given not only to agreements and actions in the domestic market, but also to the behavior of foreign competitors. This leads either to the expansion of the geographical boundaries, or to the inclusion in the economic analysis of factors external to the relevant market, explaining the state of world stocks / shortages of goods and the price movement. The article provides a comparative analysis of approaches to geographical market defi-nition, taking into account foreign competition (actual and potential). The theory of industrial organ-ization and the new institutional economic theory are used as a methodological basis for the study. The results of the study indicate the need to use a “broad” approach in defining the relevant market, that is, based on the analysis of commodity flows, potential competition and switching costs.
CONNECTIONS BETWEEN STEEL-CONCRETE COMPOSITE COLUMN AND STEEL BEAM
Authors: Mudrov Andrej
Published: January 2022

Composite steel-concrete columns of circular cross-section have high strength and stiffness, which theoretically could help to reduce the cost of construction, but their advantages are still widely unexploited. In comparison with other constructions, composite columns account for a diminutive market share. One of the many reasons for this, is the complexity of connections that may require on-site welding, which not only slows down the construction, but also makes it more expensive. With the recent extensive development of blind bolts, new design options for the tube columns emerged. Such bolted joints would eliminate onsite welding and speed up installation. In this review a particular attention is paid to the circular columns, because these columns have the least studied connections. This article reviews the most recent stage in the development of the connections between steel-concrete composite columns and steel beams, as well as provides provisions for using such connections and outlines the directions for further research.
How did we protect ourselves during intubation for a COVID-19 patient in the context of PPE shortage?
Authors: Zhang Sheng , Lin Yingxin , Li Yanyan , Zhang Weixing , Feng Qing , Luo Hua
Published: January 2022

Beginning in 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rapidly resulted in a worldwide pandemic. Many patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) require invasive ventilation due to severe respiratory failure. However, many medical hospitals experienced shortages of personal protective equipment, increasing the risk of healthcare workers contracting an infection. However, we report a case of acute respiratory distress syndrome during the early stage of COVID-19 treated at a university hospital outside of Wuhan, China. We described the optimization of healthcare worker personal protection and a procedure for airway management in the context of insufficient personal protective equipment. This report may provide a reference for resource-limited settings in low- and middle-income countries, even countries where healthcare systems have been overwhelmed by the pandemic.
ABO blood group influence COVID-19 infection: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Huaqiang , Zhang Jiajuan , Jia Lu , Ai Jun , Yu Yuecheng , Wang Maorong , Li Ping
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Previous studies have linked the relationship between ABO blood group and COVID-19 infection. However, existing evidence is preliminary and controversial. This meta-analysis sought to identify studies that describe COVID-19 and ABO blood group.

Methodology: A literature search was conducted from PubMed, Web of Science, MedRxiv, BioRxiv and Google Scholar databases. Members of cases and controls were extracted from collected studies. Pooled Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were calculated and interpreted from extracted data. Publication bias and sensitivity analysis were also applied to confirm our discovery.

Results: Total 13,600 patients and 3,445,047 controls were included in the study. Compared to other ABO blood group, blood group O was associated with a lower risk of COVID-19 infection (OR = 0.76, 95%CI 0.66-0.84), while blood group A and AB was associated with a higher risk (OR = 1.25, 95%CI 1.10-1.41; OR = 1.13, 95%CI 1.04-1.23, respectively). In the subgroup analysis, the relationship between blood group A, O and COVID-19 infection remained stable among Chinese, European and Eastern Mediterranean populations. In American population, blood groups B was linked with increased risk of COVID-19 infection (OR = 1.21, 95%CI 1.09-1.35).

Conclusions: Our data suggested that individuals with blood types A and AB are more susceptible to COVID-19, while people with blood type O are less susceptible to infection. More research is needed to clarify the precise role of the ABO blood group in COVID-19 infection to address the global question.
Challenges in the establishment of a biosafety testing laboratory for COVID-19 in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam SM Rashed Ul , Akther Tahmina , Sultana Sharmin , Deb Paroma , Ghosh Asish Kumar , Nasif Md. Abdullah Omar , Bhuiyan Amirul Huda , Jahan Munira , Nessa Afzalun , Munshi Saif Ullah , Tabassum Shahina
Published: January 2022

At the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Bangladesh, there was a scarcity of ideal biocontainment facilities to detect the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a risk group of 3 organisms. Molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 must be performed in a BSL-2 laboratory with BSL-3-equivalent infection prevention and control practices. Establishing these facilities within a short timeframe proved to be an enormous challenge, including locating a remote space distant from the university campus to establish a laboratory, motivating the laboratory staff to work with a novel pathogen without any prior experience, allocation of funds for essential equipment and accessories, and arrangement of a safe waste management system for environmental hazard reduction. This report also highlights several limitations, such as the facility's architectural design that did not follow the biosafety guidelines, lack of continuous flow of funds, and an inadequate number of laboratory personnel. This article describes various efforts taken to overcome the challenges during the establishment of this facility that may be adopted to create similar facilities in other regions of the country. Establishing a BSL-2 laboratory with BSL-3-equivalent infection prevention and control practices will aid in the early detection of a large number of cases, thereby isolating persons with COVID-19, limiting the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and promoting a robust public health response to contain the pandemic.
Microbiological assessment at slaughter of chicken carcasses from commercial, backyard and semi-backyard production systems
Authors: Garcia Débora Tamanaha , Nascimento Yago Fernandes , Dias Sthefany da Cunha , Moura Amanda Oliveira , Costa Priscila Cristina , Amaral Alexandre Bicalho do , Peres Phelipe Augusto Borba Martins , Carrijo Kênia de Fátima , Cossi Marcus Vinícius
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Smaller scale, alternative, chicken production systems are gaining popularity globally. However, this brings public health and market confidence concerns, especially where there are no established standards of production. The aim of this study was to carry out a microbiological analysis of chicken carcasses from the commercial, backyard and semi-backyard production systems, slaughtered in the same slaughterhouse.

Methodology: Samples of 102 chicken carcasses were taken in two steps of the slaughter (A: after bleeding; and B: after chiller tank) and were subjected to aerobic mesophilic, coliforms at 35 °C and coliforms at 45 °C counts, and Salmonella spp. detection. Salmonella spp. isolates were subjected to antimicrobial resistance analysis.

Results: At slaughter step A, carcasses from the backyard system had less contamination than carcasses from the commercial system, with a difference of 0.7 log10 CFU/mL. Salmonella was identified in carcasses of all production systems and in both slaughter steps. Nine chicken carcasses were positive for Salmonella and no significant difference was observed in the occurrence of Salmonella amongst the carcasses from different production systems. Two Salmonella isolates, that presented the highest resistance profiles (one isolate was resistant to eight and the other to six out of ten tested antibiotics), were identified on carcasses from the semi-backyard system.

Conclusions: Carcasses from the backyard system had a lower microbial count at the initial step of the slaughter process than the commercial production system. In addition, greater resistance to antimicrobials was observed in Salmonella isolates from semi-backyard system.
Prevalence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Taif social correctional center, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alzahrani Khalid Jamaan , Eed Emad Mohamed , Alsharif Khalaf Faisal , Almehmadi Mazen Mohamed , Alotaibi Saud Faisal , Al-Ghamdi Fahad Abdullah , Almuwalld Alwaleed Abdullah , Alamri Salem Hamed , Saber Taisir
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Community-acquired methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus are primarily distinguished through their genetic characteristics. These strains carry the smaller types of staphylococcal cassette chromosome, specifically types IV and V. These infections occur mostly in healthy younger patients, and have been linked to such severe clinical conditions as necrotizing pneumonia and sepsis. A higher risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus contagion exists among incarcerated sub-populations; therefore, this study investigated colonization rate and risk factors among the residents of the Taif Social Correctional Center

Methodology: The study included 93 inmates and 19 employees. Specimens were collected from participants’ noses and hands and from different environmental locations. The isolated organisms were identified according to standard microbiological methods. Methicillin resistance was evaluated using the standard cefoxitin disk diffusion method and oxacillin screen agar procedure. Methicillin resistance was further confirmed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction.

Results: High methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization rate was found among the center residents (24.7%) and employees (15.8%). Long duration of residence in the correctional institution and bad hand hygiene emerged as prominent risk factors for this colonization. An antibiogram categorized the isolated strains into six phenotypes, with a predominance of two antibiotic-resistant patterns suggesting cross-contamination and the presence of local foci of dissemination.

Conclusions: Taif Social Correctional Center residents exhibited a higher prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization than was found in similar institutions. Poor personal hygiene and infection control measures are likely the major contributors to the problem.
Nationwide proficiency assessment of bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing among 110 laboratories in Lebanon
Authors: Araj George F , Itani Tarek , Berry Atika , Sarkis Dolla K
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Proficiency testing (PT) is one of the most valuable and important activities for the Clinical Microbiology Laboratories (CML) to enroll in to ensure the accuracy and reliability of results. This first time conducted nationwide study was warranted to assess the PT performance activity among CML in Lebanon.

Methodology: Four training and PT activities were organized for 110 nationwide laboratories involved in providing clinical microbiology services. In each PT activity, five different bacterial species were distributed to each laboratory to provide identification (ID) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AMST) according to prior discussions and guidelines.

Results: The percentages of labs that correctly identified the bacterial species and performed the relevant AMST to it, respectively, were as follows: S. aureus, (100% and 67.8%); Enterococcus faecalis (71% and 82%); Listeria monocytogenes (75% and 61%); Streptococcus agalactiae (86% and 71%); Corynebacterium amycolatum (7% and 33 %); Pseudomonas aeruginosa, (93 % and 53.4%); Klebsiella pneumoniae, (97% and 67.7%); Salmonella typhi ESBL (87 % and 66%); Enterobacter aerogenes (89% and 59%) and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (84 % and 65%). The resistant types for the species were specified by labs as carbapenem resistant (CR) K. pneumoniae in 78 %, CR E. aerogenes in 34 %, MRSA in 83 %, and VRE in 80.5%.

Conclusions: The wide variation as well as the overall humble scoring of accurate results reflects the dire need for the MOPH to establish and maintain a PT activity program, and entrust the reference laboratory to provide continuing education and training sessions.
Nicotiana rupicola sp. nov. and Nicotiana knightiana (sect. Paniculatae, Solanaceae), a new endemic and a new record for the flora of Chile
Authors: Santilli Ludovica , Pérez Fernanda , de Schrevel Claire , Dandois Philippe , Mondaca Hector , Lavandero Nicolás
Published: January 2022

Nicotiana knightiana is recorded for the first time for the flora of Chile. A new species of Nicotiana, endemic to the coast of the Coquimbo region is described and illustrated. Molecular analysis placed the new species within the N. sect. Paniculatae, as sister to N. cordifolia, an endemic to Juan Fernandez islands. The new species can be considered critically endangered (CR) according to the IUCN categories due to its restricted and fragmented distribution, small population number, and the threat that urbanization and mining activities represent for the conservation of the biodiversity of the area.
Spassimir Tonkov (2021): The Postglacial Vegetation History in Southwestern Bulgaria. A Paleoecological Approach
Authors: Tonkov Spassimir
Published: January 2022

Book Review
Vers une contractualisation de la détention ?
Authors: Kaczmarek Bertrand
Published: January 2022

L'incarcération n'est que rarement ou temporairement un pur rapport de force, et divers types de consentement sont suscités de la part des détenus : outre la participation quotidienne à cette existence commune, c'est plus profondément la reconnaissance de culpabilité qui légitime l'institution. Cependant, cette recherche de consentement se fait depuis quelques années selon une nouvelle modalité : conformément au mouvement de reconnaissance des droits, c'est la forme contractuelle qui tend à être privilégiée. Si cette démarche est bénéfique pour éviter la stérilité induite par la neutralité institutionnelle, elle produit cependant en retour une polarisation défavorable au plus grand nombre et interroge quant à la conception nouvelle de la peine dont elle est porteuse.
Data-driven trajectory tracking control for autonomous underwater vehicle based on iterative extended state observer
Authors: Wu Chengxi ,   School of Automation, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China, Dai Yuewei , Shan Liang , Zhu Zhiyu , Wu Zhengtian ,   School of Electronic and Information, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China,   School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
Published: January 2022

In this study, we explore the precise trajectory tracking control problem of autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) under the disturbance of the underwater environment. First, a model-free adaptive control (MFAC) is designed based on data-driven ideology and a full-form dynamic linearization (FFDL) method is utilized to online estimate time-varying parameter pseudo gradient (PG) to establish an equivalent data model of AUV motion. Second, the iterative extended state observer (IESO) scheme is designed to combine with FFDL-MFAC. Because the proposed novel controller is able to learn from repeated iterations, the proposed novel controller can estimate and compensate the model approximation error produced by external environmental unknown disturbance. Third, three-dimensional motion is decoupled into horizontal and vertical and a multi closed-loop control structure is designed that exhibits faster convergence rate and reduces sensitivity to parameter jumps than single closed-loop system. Finally, two simulation scenarios are designed featuring non external disturbance and Gaussian noise of signal-to-noise ratio of 90 dB. The simulation results reveal the superiority of FFDL. Furthermore, we adpot the technical parameters data of T-SEA I AUV to conduct numerical simulation, aunderwater trajectory as the tracking scenario and set waves to 0.5 m and current to 0.2 m/s to simulate Lv.2 ocean conditions of "International Ocean State Standard". The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed tracking control algorithm.
Child and adolescent anxiety in relation to the type of foster family
Authors: Kojić Miroslava , Markov Zagorka , Kojić Grandić Smiljana
Published: January 2022

The aim of the study was to determine whether there are differences in the manifestation of anxiety between children and adolescents in foster families with a long history of foster care and foster families with no experience in foster care. The sample consisted of 87 respondents, 48 from foster families with a long history of foster care and 39 respondents from foster families who have just entered the foster care system. Anxiety levels were examined using the Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS). The results showed statistically significant differences in the manifestation of anxiety between respondents from the two types of foster families. The Kruskal-Wallis test indicated statistically significant differences between respondents from foster families with a long history of foster care compared to respondents from families with no foster care experience in terms of expressing anxiety in all four subtests: a) Psychological Anxiety; b) Worry/ Hypersensitivity c) Social Anxiety and d) lie control subscale. The results of this study indicate that there are significant statistical differences between respondents living in different types of foster families. The conclusion points to the need for planned interventions that would improve the functionality of inexperienced foster families in their multidimensional influence on the development of children and adolescents
Suvremeno tržište droga – utjecaj digitalnog tržišta na strukturu i dinamiku tržišta droga
Authors: Jandrić Anita , Doležal Dalibor , Novak Tihana
Published: January 2022

The structure of the modern drug market is a complex phenomenon in which the constant flow of production, supply and demand of illegal substances results in increasingly dynamic development and trends, and which is under a great influence of globalization and the development of new technologies, especially the Internet. During the last several decades the Internet, as an important facilitator on the aforementioned market, has enabled a wide access to a broad range of information and has thus become a necessary communication tool for the development of criminal activities connected to the drug market. As an invisible, hidden side of the Internet, and under the disguise of anonymity, the crypto market as a form of a digital market offers new possibilities and ways of trafficking of illegal substances and in that manner takes over monopoly from classic ways of drug traffic (“face to face”). The paper analyses modern scientific knowledge about the manner in which the crypto drug market is functioning, as well as its influence on the structure and dynamics of the modern drug market, with the purpose of reflection on prevention activities that could eliminate such types of crime. Research suggests that the traditional drug market will not disappear with the development of crypto markets, but that both markets will complement one another, at which the activity in the digital market will become more frequent due to larger possibilities of protecting the identities of its main operators. Activities focused on combating the digital market operation represent a great challenge for numerous experts dealing with prevention of illegal substance abuse, from the police to the professionals in helping professions who certainly have a great part in designing and implementing different preventive activities in this area. Key words: modern drug market; digital market; crypto market; dark net
Otuđenje od roditelja i obiteljska medijacija
Authors: Protulipac Martina
Published: January 2022

With the increased number and intensity of disputes related to the realisation of parental care, the number of children who, during these procedures, reject one parent and his or her family under the influence of the other parent has also increased. Such behaviour was firstly described by Gardner in 1985 who called it a parental alienation syndrome. Ever since the concept has been developing through contributions from other experts, so that now it is called parental alienation, and its causes, signs and possible treatment approaches have been described in detail. If timely and adequate help is not provided, alienated children may develop problems in social and physical functioning, as well as psychogenic disorders. A family mediator who is trained about this problem can contribute to its early detection and to the provision of adequate help, because he/she can recognise the problem and refer the parents to court without wasting time on family mediation in the cases in which that is an inadequate intervention. The aim of this paper is to present insights into parental alienation and to explain the role of the family mediator in the assessment and treatment of the same. Key words: parental alienation; family mediation; high-conflict divorce; manipulation, prevention and treatment
Zdravstvene razlike u Republici Hrvatskoj− prikaz odabranih ranjivih skupina
Authors: Tutić Grokša Ivana
Published: January 2022

Health is considered one of the fundamental human rights. Health equity means that every person should be able to reach their full health potential and that no member of any group should be at a disadvantage in achieving that potential. Unfortunately, health differences between different social groups are present in all European countries, including the Republic of Croatia. A health vulnerable group is one that is exposed to health disparities due to lack of resources and/or increased exposure to social risk. In this paper, some of the health vulnerable groups in the Republic of Croatia are singled out – persons of lower socioeconomic status, the elderly, members of national minorities, and members of gender and sexual minorities. In the final part, recommendations for the improvement of practice and proposals for future scientific research are presented, aiming to increase health equity and reduce health disparities. Key words: the right to health; health justice; vulnerable groups; minority groups
The broadening of the optical parametric amplification bandwidth caused by idler wave absorption
Authors: Valiulis Gintaras , Varanavičius Arūnas
Published: January 2022

Keywords: optical parametric amplification, absorption

The amplification bandwidth of an optical parametric amplifier (OPA) defines the duration of the signal and idler pulse. Usually the OPA bandwidth is described by material dispersion and interaction geometry. The absorption of interacting waves is detrimental to the amplification process. However, even in the case of a large linear absorption of the idler wave it is still possible to get an effective amplification and a positive effect to the amplifier bandwidth. In the current work, we investigate the influence of idler wave linear losses on the OPA bandwidth.
Numerical model of end-pumped Yb:YAG double-pass laser amplifier experimentally validated at 129 W output power
Authors: Veselis Laurynas , Burokas Raimundas , Michailovas Andrejus
Published: January 2022

Keywords: solid-state amplifier, thermal effects, depolarization

In this work, a double-pass end-pumped Yb:YAG amplifier system was investigated experimentally and numerically. The amplifier was seeded by a fibre-CPA based seed laser FemtoLux 30 (Ekspla). The presented laser system produced 129 W average power and 129 μJ energy pulses at 1 MHz pulse repetition rate, with optical-to-optical efficiency of 32% at room temperature (T = 20°C). The resulting beam quality was M2 ∼ 2.1 and the measured depolarization losses were to 17.9%. After the compression, 441 fs pulse duration was achieved. During the work, comprehensive amplifier modelling was performed using the code written in Matlab. The modelling results matched well the experimental data, providing the tool to predict the performance of laser systems based on ytterbium-doped isotropic crystalline, ceramic and glass laser materials prior to designing and manufacturing.
« [M]on passé, l’Algérie, ça ne va pas ensemble » : le poids de l’histoire dans La Force des choses
Authors: Jeannelle Jean-Louis
Published: January 2022

Les manuscrits de La Force des choses (1963) constituent le dossier le plus complet dont nous disposions sur la genèse d’une œuvre de Beauvoir. Notre commentaire porte sur une phase stratégique de cette genèse, à savoir les coupes effectuées à la fin du printemps et au début de l’été 1963 sur les conseils de Sartre et de Bost dans le récit achevé afin d’en réduire l’arrière-plan historique, plus précisément de l’« intérioriser », cela en particulier lorsqu’il est question de la guerre d’Algérie, dont la mémorialiste avait esquissé une ambitieuse reconstitution. Soucieuse de se démarquer des Vies mémorables traditionnelles, dont la légitimé institutionnelle se mesure par le regard surplombant porté sur les événements, Beauvoir a réaménagé à ce moment-là différents passages, dont un exemple précis est ici présenté sous forme d’une transcription linéaire, cela afin de faire place à une forme originale de mémorable intériorisé : ce passage correspond à l’ouverture du chapitre VII.
Les toboggans de La Dernière Chance
Authors: Grell Isabelle
Published: January 2022

En 1938 Sartre projetait d’écrire un roman dont le thème aurait été la liberté. Il aurait porté le surprenant titre de « Lucifer » et comme épigraphe « Le malheur, c’est que nous sommes libres. » L’auteur de La Nausée aurait offert à son protagoniste Roquentin la découverte de la liberté. Mais la guerre de 1939-45 et la Guerre froide firent dériver le projet. Dans la trilogie des Chemins de la liberté, l’acteur principal, Mathieu et son ami communiste Brunet devaient cheminer au milieu de ces années tumultueuses (1938-45), où aucun acte n’était plus innocent. Cet article s’attache aux dernières tentatives de l’auteur de La Dernière chance pour concilier sur des feuillets inédits, rédigés en trois temps d’écriture, non seulement deux concepts de vie contradictoires mais aussi le grand-écart entre l’imagination créatrice et la mobilisation intellectuelle. Des feuillets choisis témoignent de cette déchirure existentielle qui parcourt la rédaction de La Dernière Chance, « factum » inédit et dont des fragments furent publiés post-mortem en Pléiade (1982).
« Les tentatives seront des gestes brisés aussitôt qu’ébauchés » : Tentative d’existence et la réécriture de soi
Authors: Demoulin Esther
Published: January 2022

Cet article offre une analyse génétique du manuscrit de Tentative d’existence, roman de jeunesse beauvoirien écrit en septembre 1926. Après une étude de la genèse du texte à partir des Cahiers de jeunesse, l’article identifie les cinq campagnes d’écriture du manuscrit, reconstituées à partir des feuillets disponibles à la BnF et dans les archives Simone de Beauvoir. Ce manuscrit est, dans un troisième et dernier temps, resitué au sein de l’ensemble plus large des écrits de jeunesse beauvoiriens, caractérisés par un processus de « récupération » constant. Si Tentative d’existence prolonge le premier roman Éliane, écrit en avril 1926, il annonce également deux projets fictionnels : celui d’Anne – l’un des quatre Essais sur la vie – et celui de Départ (1927). Cette esthétique du feuilleté, dans laquelle les différentes diégèses des écrits de la jeune Beauvoir se superposent par addition ou substitution, permet de distinguer sa pratique d’écriture de celle du jeune Sartre.
Annexes | Multilateral Approaches to Mobility in the MENA region
Authors: Naujoks Daniel
Published: January 2022

Annex to the chapter Naujoks, D. (2022) Multilateral Approaches to Mobility in the Middle East and North Africa Region, International Development Policy | Revue internationale de politique de développement, 14 | 2022, http://journals.openedition.org/poldev/4795
The Effect of Tidal Energies on the Materials Properties of the Soil at Southern Mesopotamia
Authors: Abdul-Hamee Shahad Abdul-Qader , Hatem Amal Jabbar
Published: January 2022

The materials of soil were affected by multi reasons; such as human activities, floods, tidal waves, ... etc. The change of the soil contents could be measured through different indexes; such as electric conductivities, salinity, concentration of the heavy elements, and concentration of essential elements ... etc. The land cover is affected by natural influences, like tidal energy, which plays a negative role in the salinization of land adjacent to the coasts, causing a problem for soils in all its details represented in changing of the dissolved elements in soil. One of the most important natural factors that cause soil salinity is human activity in all its forms, and one of the most important causes of salinity is the phenomenon of tides in the Arabian Gulf. Due to the lack of water imports for this governorate, the study area is located in the far south of Mesopotamia, specifically in the Basra governorate, represented by Al-Faw district and part of Abu Al-Khasib district, which is distinguished by its location in the region of Tails of the Rivers. To find the values of total dissolved salts and electrical conductivity for the year 2020 for the rainy season (field work outputs), where the values of total dissolved salts reached (7380-13380) mg / L . The electrical conductivity values reached (1217-2230) μS / cm for (11) soil samples randomly distributed over the study area, where the values of these samples were distributed on the sites within the cut map of the study area using (QGIS) program. (ENVI) program to calculate the salinity index values for the year 2020, then a regression method was used to correlate each of the spectral values of salinity with the values obtained in the field. Where it was found that the best equation for calculating salinity values is polynomial of the first degree because it links the field and spectral values with a linear relationship, and this process was completed using Matlab program to find salinity, for the 2010 dry season.
Effect Partial Substitution of Calcium by Cadmium on Dielectrically Properties of Li0.4Cd0.6Ba2Ca2Cu3O10+δ System
Authors: Fadhil Rihab Nassr , Mahdie Shatha H. , Jasim Kareem Ali , Shaban Auday H.
Published: January 2022

In this article the conventional "solid-state reaction" method was used to synthesize perovskite Li0.4Cd0.6Ba2Ca2Cu3O10+δ. Four main types of compounds were obtained by physically replacing calcium oxide with cadmium in proportions 0, 0.03, 0.06 and 0.09, the pure Li0.4Cd0.6Ba2Ca2Cu3O10+δ phase, and the phases Li0.4Cd0.6Ba2Ca1.97Cd0.03Cu3O10+δ and Li0.4Cd0.6Ba2Ca1.94Cd0.06Cu3O10+δ and Li0.4Cd0.6Ba2Ca1.91Cd0.09Cu3O10+δ ,respectively from mixing their constituent oxides and pressed into pelts and then sintered in the furnace at 850 degrees Celsius for 90 hours: These samples have been studied for their original dielectrically properties. The real dielectric constant, dielectric loss factor, and tangent were calculated in the frequency range (50 to 1000000 HZ). It was found that the partial substitution of cadmium oxide plays an important role in enhancing dielectrically properties.
Zea Mays Surfactant as Corrosion Inhibition of Copper and its Electrochemical Assessment in Hot Acidic Solution for Chemo-Mechanical Application
Authors: Odunlami Olayemi Abosede , Fayomi Ojo Sunday Issac , Elendu Ifeanyichukwu Okereke , Ojediran Jeremiah Oludele
Published: January 2022

This study examines the corrosion propagation of copper at temperature of 298 K, 313 K and 323 K with the help of potentiodynamic polarization route and scanning electron microscopy analyses in 0.5 M HCl. The effect of zea mays surfactant at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15,%. 20% was considered and varied to estimate the inhibitive efficiency. From the results, increase in concentration of zea mays surfactant, practically reduce the corrosion rate and provides compact heteroatom thin film layer. Interestingly, metastable pitting evolution was absent until 313 K at 20 mL concentration, but at 323 K, passivation behavior tendency was absent and pits formation was seen. Undoubtedly, addition of surfactant up to 20mL into 50 mL 0.5M HCl acid shows a reduction in copper degradation which might have caused steel corrosion reaction to endothermic. The morphology study established that pit formation occur more at higher temperature of 323 K as against the 298 K. The inhibitor exhibited a physical type adsorption mechanism with inhibitive efficiency close to 90% at 20 mL admixed.
HIV Sentinel Surveillance Survey 2019/ Prevalence and Characteristics of HIV Cases in Sri Lanka; Experience from Sentinel Site Surveillance 2019
Authors: Alagiyawanna A. M. A. D. K. , Gajaweera N. D. C. R. C. , Benaragama A. P. S.
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Sri Lanka remains a low-prevalent country for HIV/ AIDS over last few decades, according to the reported cases to the National STD and AIDS Control Programme. Even among high risk population groups, the HIV prevalence remains low. It is very important to monitor HIV prevalence trends among these population groups as risk behaviours are changing and HIV prevalence might rise in escalating levels needing urgent action.
Objective: The objective of the survey is to assess the prevalence of HIV infection among the subpopulation groups at risk for HIV infection and to monitor the trends of the HIV epidemic.
Method: As a regular process, 14th round of HIV sentinel surveillance survey was conducted during the period of 3 months starting from 01st October to 31st December 2019. A survey protocol was developed in 2019 including same sentinel sites, modified sentinel groups and testing algorithms. The nine provinces of the country were identified as 9 sentinel sites and sentinel groups include Men who have sex with men (MSM), female sex workers (FSW), Clients of sex workers, Transgender women and people who inject drugs (PWID).
Results: Prevalence of HIV was highest among MSM (1.46%) followed by transgender women (1.35%) and clients of sex workers (0.09%). The prevalence among FSW was 0.07%, and there were no HIV positives among the 70 PWID enrolled in the study.
Conclusions: MSMs appears to be the highest risk group for contracting HIV and active syphilis in Sri Lanka. This trend should be taken into account when planning interventions to achieve programme objectives.
First report of microalgae Rhexinema paucicellulare (Ulvophyceae) in Mauritius and its biochemical evaluation as a source of fatty acids
Authors: Bhagea Ritesh , Bhoyroo Vishwakalyan , Puchooa Daneshwar
Published: January 2022

Mauritius is a tropical island with a very rich biodiversity of endemic organisms with an unexplored pool of microalgae, especially in the Ulvophyceae class. From freshwater sources, an isolate was characterised using morphological traits and 18S rDNA region. It was determined to be Rhexinema paucicellulare and was further evaluated for its biochemical content against commercially available Spirulina sp. This study evaluates the lipids content and offers a first report on the carbohydrate and protein contents of this species. The biochemical profile of Spirulina sp. differed significantly from R. paucicellulare with respect to carbohydrate (17.36% vs. 20.31%); protein (45.09% vs. 25.71%) and lipids (5.86% vs. 13.88%). Further exploration of the fatty acids profile through GC analysis revealed high presence of alpha-linolenic acid at 26.48% and linoleic acid at 6.31%. The presence of important omega-3 FA was evidenced through GC/MS analysis with eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, which could make this isolate a potential candidate in the field of aquaculture.