bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Populációalapú „pilot” colorectalis rákszűrés eredményessége. Csongrád megye, 2015
Authors: Rutka Mariann , Molnár Tamás , Bor Renáta , Farkas Klaudia , Fábián Anna , Győrfi Márk , Bálint Anita , Milassin Ágnes , Szűcs Mónika , Tiszlavicz László , Nagy Ferenc , Szepes Zoltán
Published: October 2017

Abstract:

Introduction: In Hungary, a nationwide colorectal screening program is about to be introduced in order to improve the extremely high mortality rate of colorectal cancer (CRC). Aim: The aim of our study was to summarize experiences and assess short-term efficacy of the population-based pilot colorectal screening program in 2015 in Csongrád County, Hungary. Patients and method: Asymptomatic individuals between the ages of 50 and 70 with average risk of colorectal cancer participated in the program that was based on the two-step screening method (i.e. immune fecal blood test and colonoscopy). The short-term efficacy of the screening program was assessed as the change in total CRC incidence and initial tumor stage in the screening year (2015) compared to a control year (2013) in Szeged and its surroundings. Participation rate, positive predictive value of the screening methods and tumor detection rate was assessed. Results: 22,130 individuals were invited, the participation rate was 46.4%. Immune fecal blood test proved to be non-negative in 1,343 cases (13%), screening colonoscopy was performed in 766 of them (7.5%). Total colonoscopy was performed in 711 individuals. Based on the reports, adenoma was detected in 358 (50.3%) and malignancy in 42 (5.9%) individuals. In the background population, the incidence of colon cancer was significantly higher (183 vs. 228; p = 0.026) and was diagnosed at significantly earlier stage (p = 0.002). Lymph node involvement was significantly lower in 2015 (48.3% vs. 37.1%; p = 0.049). Conclusion: The Csongrád county population-based colorectal cancer screening was evidently successful on the short term considering participation rate, and the changes in CRC incidence and stage, thus its national extension is necessary. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(42): 1658–1667.
College Students' Responses to Kanakun and Kantaro
Authors: Inoue Fumiko
Published: October 2017

Japanese language learners typically have to acquire three different sets of orthographic characters: Hiragana, Katakana, and Kanji. Learning these three different character sets at the same time is often a burden to many learners. The Kanakun and Kantaro programs, featuring Japanese language games, were developed to facilitate learners' acquisition of Japanese characters and vocabulary items. A survey conducted in first-, second-, and third-year Japanese courses at Illinois Wesleyan University in 1997-98 examined learners' evaluation of the programs. The results of this evaluation indicate that the programs facilitated students' acquisition of Japanese characters and served to motivate them to continue their acquisition of Japanese.
Algorithm and Analogy: Distant Reading in 1598
Authors: Nicholson Catherine
Published: October 2017

The chapter titled the “Reading of Bookes” in Francis Meres'S 1598Palladis Tamiaoffers two competing prescriptions for the allocation of readerly attention. The first suggests that too-close reading spoils some books: “As the s[c]ent of spices and flowers is more acceptable somewhat off then close to the nose: so there are some things that please, if they be lightly passed over; which being exactly looked into do loose their grace” (266v). The second reverses that logic by way of a fresh analogy: “Those things that live long, doe not soon spring up: so that worke which thou wouldst have alwaies to be read, ought to be throughly laboured in, and seriouslie scanned” (267r). On the face of it, Meres's book—a six-hundred-and-sixty-five-page-long compendium of moral and practical precepts, each cast in the repetitive syntax of the similitude—is evidently the first sort of text. At once dizzingly various and mind-numbingly repetitive,Palladis Tamiais a book to “be lightly passed over”—“scanned” in the modern, not the sixteenth-century, sense of the word. That is certainly the case today, whenPalladis Tamiais known primarily for a single chapter, “A Comparative Discourse of Our English Poets, with the Greeke, Latine, and Italiane Poets,” Meres's pioneering survey of English Renaissance writing, and above all for a handful of sentences in that chapter, which offer a rare glimpse into the early career of William Shakespeare. “As the soule ofEuphorbuswas thought to live inPythagoras: so the sweete wittie soule ofOvidlives in mellifluous and honytonguedShakespeare,”Meres declares. “AsEpius Stolosaid, that the Muses would speake withPlautustongue, if they would speak Latin: so I say that the Muses would speak withShakespearesfine filed phrase, if they would speake English” (281v, 282r).
Think Small: On Literary Modeling
Authors: Piper Andrew
Published: October 2017

Literary studies continues to have a penchant for great men. In 2015, for example, 20% of authors listed as subjects in the MLA International Bibliography accounted for just under 60% of all articles or book chapters published that year. Just the top 1% of authors, or 33 in total, accounted for 1,302 works, or 20.8% of the total. Four of these authors were women, and one was not white (W. E. B. Du Bois). Those numbers are even slightly more concentrated than in 1970, when 1% of authors accounted for 15.9% of all articles and book chapters. In that year, only one of the most frequently mentioned authors was a woman (George Eliot), and all were white.
Development of Molecularly Driven Targeted Combination Strategies
Authors: Yap Timothy A. , Rodon Jordi
Published: October 2017

Targeted therapies are often inadequate when used in isolation as single agents. Combining diverse targeted therapies could optimally impact patient care by overcoming cancer resistance mechanisms. This commentary highlights such combinatorial strategies, including discussion on a recent trial.
Hydraulic performance of a reed bed/freezing bed technology for septage dewatering
Authors: Kinsley Christopher , Kennedy Kevin , Crolla Anna
Published: October 2017

The combined application of sludge treatment reed bed and freezing bed technology has been demonstrated to effectively dewater septage year-round under cold climate conditions in a 5-year field scale trial. Solid and hydraulic loading rates were varied from 43 to 147 kg total solids (TS)/m2/year and 1·9 to 5·9 m/year to two 187 m2 planted and one 187 m2 unplanted systems. Winter freeze–thaw conditioning was shown to consistently double filter drainage rates in spring compared with summer operating conditions at equivalent hydraulic head, indicating that freeze–thaw conditioning can restore bed hydraulic conductivity and mitigate the risk of clogging. No significant effect on system drainage was observed between planted and unplanted systems, between 7 and 21 d of dosing cycles or with solid loading rates between 49 and 144 kg TS/m2/year. However, drainage rates were shown to vary significantly with the hydraulic loading rate. A design loading rate of 2·9 m/year is recommended for septage treatment in reed bed systems operating in cold climates.
Strength and buckling of cold-formed steel laterally unbraced stiffened C and Z sections
Authors: Yerudkar Dipali S. , Vesmawala Gaurang R.
Published: October 2017

The ultimate strength and buckling behaviour of cold-formed steel (CFS) laterally unbraced stiffened C and Z section members in bending and torsion were investigated. Bending tests were conducted on CFS beams with five different stiffener combinations (web, flange or a combination of web and flange intermediate stiffeners). The experimental and numerical results showed a reduction in displacement and an increase in bending strength after the provision of intermediate stiffeners along the web and flange of the channel members while there was an increase in both buckling loads and displacement in the Z sections. Flexural and lateral torsional buckling was predominant in simple end stiffened and single web stiffened sections, while sections with combined web and flange stiffeners failed due to combined distortional, flexural and lateral torsional buckling. The experimental results were simulated using finite-element software and they showed good agreement with the experimental results in terms of displacement, bending strength and buckling modes. CFS members can be plain in simple applications, but if provided with flange or web intermediate stiffeners, their performance and resistance to buckling improves. The idea behind this study was to use CFS members with a modified shape rather than thickness to carry extra load. Due to the relatively easy manufacturing method, a large number of different configurations can be produced to fit the demands of optimised designs for both structural and economic purposes.
Probabilistic safety evaluation of a river bridge substructure against floods
Authors: Liao Kuo-Wei , Kung Wan-Chien , Chen Jyun-Wei
Published: October 2017

Many factors affect the safety of a reinforced concrete river bridge, and some of these factors might have significant uncertainty that should be evaluated. This study focuses on a system reliability analysis of a reinforced concrete bridge, which is the most common type of river bridge in Taiwan. Specifically, non-linear behaviours of core/cover concrete and steel reinforcement in the substructure of a bridge are considered. Uncertainties of stream surface elevation, water velocity, local scour depth, soil property and record-to-record variations are included in the probabilistic model. The aforementioned parameters of six river geometries are incorporated into a Hydrologic Engineering Center-river analysis system (HEC-RAS) model to assess their impacts on the bridge safety. The effect of river geometry has not been studied thoroughly. Results shown here indicate that it plays an important role. Adopting Bayesian theory to consider the record-to-record uncertainty by combining historic and HEC simulation data is another innovative aspect of this study. Monte Carlo simulation is used to conduct the reliability analysis. The results obtained indicate that the proposed procedure for the bridge reliability analysis is consistent with expert engineering judgement and that the variation in scouring depth and river geometry are pertinent to bridge safety.
Study of creep effects in a long-span concrete-filled steel tube arch bridge
Authors: Zeng Yong , Zhong Huadong , Liu Chengcai , Tan Hongmei , Gu An-bang
Published: October 2017

This paper reports how modelling experiments, theoretical analysis, finite-element analysis and in situ measurement were employed to research the effects of creep in a long-span concrete-filled steel tubular arch bridge in China. First, a creep experiment using a 1 : 2·5 scaled model of the arch-foot segment was carried out to investigate time-dependent behaviours. Experimental results showed that the creep strains of the arch developed very rapidly at the start of loading, but grew very slowly later. Subsequently, two theoretical analysis methods were used to determine creep coefficients of the arch members, considering the steel tubular confining effects and stress distribution, as well as the effects of the ratio of sectional areas and elastic modulus of steel and concrete. The calculated values of the two theoretical methods were in general agreement with the experimental results. It can be concluded from the in situ measured stress data that concrete stresses reduced and steel stresses, conversely, increased with time. Concrete compressive stresses from the in situ measurement were smaller, with some even being negative.
Genetic Complexity of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney and Liver Diseases
Authors: Cornec-Le Gall Emilie , Torres Vicente E. , Harris Peter C.
Published: October 2017

Data indicate significant phenotypic and genotypic overlap, plus a common pathogenesis, between two groups of inherited disorders, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney diseases (ADPKD), a significant cause of ESRD, and autosomal dominant polycystic liver diseases (ADPLD), which result in significant PLD with minimal PKD. Eight genes have been associated with ADPKD (PKD1 and PKD2), ADPLD (PRKCSH, SEC63, LRP5, ALG8, and SEC61B), or both (GANAB). Although genetics is only infrequently used for diagnosing these diseases and prognosing the associated outcomes, its value is beginning to be appreciated, and the genomics revolution promises more reliable and less expensive molecular diagnostic tools for these diseases. We therefore propose categorization of patients with a phenotypic and genotypic descriptor that will clarify etiology, provide prognostic information, and better describe atypical cases. In genetically defined cases, the designation would include the disease and gene names, with allelic (truncating/nontruncating) information included for PKD1. Recent data have shown that biallelic disease including at least one weak ADPKD allele is a significant cause of symptomatic, very early onset ADPKD. Including a genic (and allelic) descriptor with the disease name will provide outcome clues, guide treatment, and aid prevalence estimates.
Atrial septal aneurysm: Evolution of diagnostic and clinical judgements
Authors: Rudoy A S , Bova A A , Nekhaichik T A
Published: October 2017

The article discusses anatomical and clinical judgements on atrial septal aneurysm (ASA) as a primary cardiac structural abnormality. It presents current approaches to the classification of ASA and its echocardiographic diagnosis. Special attention is focused on the clinical significance of ASA as an isolated anomaly and concurrent with other structural abnormalities of the heart, especially from the standpoint of a risk of cardioembolic stroke.
The role of integrated assessment of the indicators of external respiration function in cardiac surgical patients
Authors: Kamenskaja O V , Klinkova A S , Loginova I Ju , Lomivorotov V V , Ponomarev D N , Habarov D V , Lomivorotov V N
Published: October 2017

This literature review dedicated to the importance of an integrated assessment of external respiratory function in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including an analysis of up-to-date techniques, such as spirometry, body plethysmography, examination of the diffusing capacity of the lung, determination of O2 consumption with evaluation of the effectiveness of pulmonary ventilation. It considers the pathogenetic components of impairments in pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange, which develop in different CVDs, as well as during and after cardiac surgery. The authors analyze the results of international investigations and their own experience, which emphasize the prognostic value of lung function tests and suggest that there is a need for a comprehensive functional assessment of the respiratory system in cardiac surgical patients for their effective preoperative preparation, assessment and reduction of operational risks, and improvement of the prognosis of surgical treatment.
Time course of changes in left ventricular twist in the presence of idiopathic left bundle branch block during exercise testing
Authors: Pavlyukova E N , Kuzhel D A , Matyushin G V
Published: October 2017

Aim. To investigate left ventricular (LV) deformation properties, rotation, and twist during a bicycle ergometer exercise test among patients with idiopathic left bundle branch block (LBBB). Subjects and methods. Thirty-four patients with idiopathic LBBB having a mean QRS duration of 153±24 msec were examined. A control group included 18 apparently healthy volunteers. All the patients and apparently healthy individuals underwent echocardiography to determine LV hemodynamic parameters, deformity, rotation and twist at rest and after exercise test. Results. As compared with the control, the idiopathic LBBB group at rest showed decreases in LV global longitudinal deformity (-15.6±4.7 and –18.4±3.1%, respectively; p=0.037), apical rotation (4.59±4.2° and 8.99±3.68°; p=0.0067) and twist (9.08±4.59° and 13.96±4.61°; p=0.0156), whereas there were no differences in LV ejection fraction and end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes. After exercise testing there were no augmentations in basal and apical rotation and resulting δTwist in the idiopathic LBBB group compared with the control (–2.05±8.35 and 4.66±8.49%; p=0.0463). The described changes in LV rotation and twist during exercise testing occurred in the presence of elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) in the LBBB group compared with the control (41.6±3.81 and 32.4±3.81 mm Hg, respectively; p=0.0201). Conclusion. Decreases in LV basal, apical and resulting twist may lead to elevated PASP in patients with idiopathic LBBB during exercise.
Clinical, laboratory and instrumental criteria for myocarditis, established in comparison with myocardial biopsy: A non-invasive diagnostic algorithm
Authors: Blagova O V , Osipova Yu V , Nedostup A V , Kogan E A , Sulimov V A
Published: October 2017

Aim. To determine the diagnostic value of different clinical, laboratory, and instrumental signs in the diagnosis of myocarditis in patients with the picture of idiopathic arrhythmias, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and in a comparison group when comparing with myocardial morphological examination. Subjects and methods. A study group included 100 patients (35 women; mean age, 44.7±12.5 years) with idiopathic arrhythmias (n=20) and DCM as a syndrome (n=100). All underwent myocardial morphological examination: endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) (n=71), intraoperative biopsy (n=13), study of the explanted heart (n=6), and autopsy (n=11). A comparison group consisted of 50 patients (25 women; mean age, 53.7±11.7 years) with non-inflammatory diseases of the heart (left ventricular end-diastolic dimension 50%) who underwent open-heart surgery (n=47), EMB (n=2), or autopsy (n=1). The investigators also performed polymerase chain reaction for cardiotropic viral DNA in the blood and myocardium, anticardiac antibody (ACA) identification, myocardial scintigraphy (n=26), coronary angiography (n=47), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (n=25), and multislice computed tomography of the heart (n=45). The diagnostic value of the extended spectrum of clinical, laboratory, and instrumental markers for myocarditis was estimated. Results. Active/borderline myocarditis was diagnosed in 76% of the patients in the study group (75.5% in the arrhythmia subgroup and 76.3% in the DCM one) and in 24.3% of those in the comparison group (p
Gender peculiarities of the risk of cardiovascular diseases in a population with symptoms of depression in Siberia (the WHO MONICA-psychosocial program)
Authors: Gafarov V V , Gromova E A , Gagulin I V , Panov D O , Gafarova A V
Published: October 2017

Aim. To identify gender differences in the prevalence of depression in an open population of individuals aged 25—64 years and to evaluate its impact on the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the population of Siberia. Subjects and methods. A random representative sample of a 25—64-year-old Novosibirsk population (657 men and 689 women) was surveyed within the framework of the third screening of the WHO MONICA-psychosocial program in 1994. The screening program included sociodemographic data registration and depression detection. Over a 16-year study period, women had myocardial infarction (MI) in 15 cases and stroke in 35 cases and men had these conditions in 30 and 22 cases, respectively. Results. In the open 25—64-year-old population, depression was detected in 54.5% of the women and in 29% of the men; major depression was present in 11.8% of the women and 3.1% of the men (χ2=66.724; υ=2; p=0.0001). The risk of MI in the depressed patients was higher in the women (hazard ratio (HR)=2.5) than in the men (HR=2); when social parameters and age are included in the model, only a trend towards the impact of depression on the risk of MI persisted in the women (HR=3.4; p>0.05) and the men were observed to have a 1.6-fold higher risk for MI. The greatest risk of MI was seen in the men (HR=6.8) and women (HR=6.3) at the age of 55—64 years, as well as in the men who had incomplete secondary or primary education (HR=3.2); in blue-collar workers (HR=6.7), in the men who were single (HR=3.6), divorced (HR=4.5), or widowed (HR=6). The risk of stroke in the depressed patients during a 16-year study period was greater in the men (HR=5.8) than in the women (HR=4.6); after adjusting for age and social gradient, the risk of stroke in the women was higher in both the population and those who were aged 55—64 years (HR=8.5 and 6.9, respectively) than that in the men (HR=4.2 and 3.1, respectively). Among the men, the risk of stroke was higher in those who had primary education (HR=8.8), were widowed (HR=8.4) or divorced (HR=2.7). Conclusion. The women are much more susceptible to depression than are the men. The risk of MI with depression is higher in the women than in the men; at the same time, the risk of stroke is higher in the men than in the women. The picture is opposite in the older age group. The risk of CVD in the depressed men is exacerbated by a social gradient; these relationships have not been revealed in the women.
Genetic determinants of hypertension in two national cohorts of Mountain Shoria
Authors: Barbarash О L , Voevoda М I , Artamonova G V , Mulerova Т А , Voropaeva Е N , Maksimov V N , Ogarkov М Yu
Published: October 2017

Aim. To estimate the prevalence of the genotypes of the candidate genes ACE (I/D, rs4646994), ADRB1 (Ser49Gly, A/G, rs1801252) ADRA2B (I/D), MTHFR (C677T, Ala222Val, rs1801133), and eNOS (4b/4a) and their association with hypertension in two ethnic groups of Mountain Shoria. Subjects and methods. A clinical and epidemiological study was conducted in a population compactly living in the hard-to-reach areas of Mountain Shoria (the settlements of Orton, Ust-Kabyrza, and Sheregesh of the Kemerovo Region). A continuous method was used to survey 1178 residents from the above settlements; the sample consisted of adults (aged 18 years and older), 565 people were genotyped. Results. The prevalence of hypertension among the population of Mountain Shoria was 42.3%. The incidence of this disease among the Shorians was lower (39.9%) than that among the representatives of non-indigenous people (46.1%). The ethnically justified peculiarities of the association of ADRA2B and ACE I/D polymorphisms with hypertension were established. There were fewer patients with hypertension among ACE ID and ADRA2B DD genotype carriers in the cohort of the Shorians than in that of the non-indigenous population: 40.6% versus 58.6% and 38.3% versus 64%, respectively. Conversely, there were more hypertensive patients among the carriers of the homozygous ACE DD genotype in the native ethnic group (60%) than in the non-indigenous one (37.1%). Conclusion. Adverse prognostic ACE DD, ADRB1 AA, MTHFR TT, and eNOS 4a/4a genotypes were more frequently observed in the non-indigenous ethnic groups; the ADRA2B DD genotype was more common in the native population. Hypertension was associated with the ACE DD, МTHFR CT, and ADRB1 AA genotypes in the native ethnic group and with the ACE ID genotype in the non-indigenous population.
Renal function in patients receiving long-term warfarin therapy: A five-year prospective follow-up
Authors: Zemlyanskaya O A , Kropacheva E S , Dobrovolsky A B , Panchenko E P
Published: October 2017

Aim. To investigate the prognostic value of renal function and to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) changes during a 5-year follow-up of patients receiving warfarin therapy. Subjects and methods. 200 patients (124 men, 76 women) mainly from a group at high risk for thromboembolic events (mean CHA2DS2-VASc scores, 3.25±1.89) were examined. The patients’ mean age was 62.3±9.4 years; the follow-up period was 5 years. 74% of the patients received warfarin monotherapy (international normalized ratio (INR) 2.0 to 3.0); 36% took vitamin K antagonists in combination with one or two antiplatelet agents. The CKD-EPI formula was used to estimate GFR in all the patients at baseline and throughout the investigation once a year. Results. GFR less than 70.9 ml/min/1.73 m2 was found to be a predictor of fatal and nonfatal thrombotic events. The decreased GFR was unassociated with the development of major and clinically relevant hemorrhagic complications within 5 years of warfarin therapy. The initial decline in renal function (GFR
METHODS OF CARTOGRAPHIC IMAGE ON THE INTERACTIVE MAPS
Authors: Bondarenko E. , Shorokhova R.
Published: October 2017

The article is devoted to the application for cartographic image methods of objects, phenomena and processes on interactive maps – electronic dynamic cartographic models which are revolved exceptionally in a computer environment.
Existent knowledges are systematized in relation to the mapping methods, which are already used in the practice of electronic maps creation through the realized receptions in software of cartographic work automation. Such receptions are: intervals of values, linear geometrical figures, structural geometrical figures, graduated figures, density of points, separate values, “surface”.
The authors are carried out the improvement of existent comparison model of the computer mapping receptions, which are used in electronic maps (graphic copies as computer maps) with the cartographic image methods of the classic cartography (for static maps) with its bringing to the modern state, which are appeared through the newest realization of functional possibilities of the software proper groups.
It is indicated on the main feature of interactive maps, which consists of the possibility and use expedience for the cartographic reflection of mapping objects on the basis of static and dynamic graphic variables, which form indexes on certain mapping units by depicting facilities through the proper methods after the queries of user in a map session. It became the base of development the improved list of cartographic image methods for them. Determination of the specified name and maintenance of marks method is formulated, which can be used on interactive maps both after a point (corresponds to the classic understanding of method maintenance), and by linear units of mapping. That, it is a method of cartographic image, which helps to show the objects in points or on lines, and such that are usually not expressed in the scale of map with presentation of high-quality and/or quantitative features of objects, their underlying structure, and using of different depicting facilities (geometrical figures, letters of alphabet, constructions which remind the evident images of objects). Two method of marks modifications are offered: noncommunicative (static) and dynamic (movable).
Model which shows clear and synonymous co-operation of methods is developed for the correct use of all mapping receptions in interactive maps: classic with names clarifications or modifications; realized in the geographic information systems with the use of static graphic variables; involved in the multifunctional software (with dynamic graphic variables and multimedia effects).
The use of prostatic peptides in the treatment of prostate diseases
Authors: Uchvatkin Georgij V , Tatarinceva Margarita B
Published: October 2017

The article covers the possibilities of clinical use of bioregulatory peptides of the prostate in the treatment of urological diseases. The mechanisms of the therapeutic action of prostatic peptides are described. The author gives his own experience of using the drug Samprost in the treatment of patients with a urological disease. (For citation: G.V. Uchvatkin1,2, M.B.Tatarinceva. The use of prostatic peptides in the treatment of prostate diseases. Urologicheskie vedomosti. 2017;7(3):44-48. doi: 10.17816/uroved7344-48).
Percepciones de profesionales en enfermería sobre la violencia de pareja íntima contra la adolescente gestante
Authors: Lafaurie V. María Mercedes , Barragán Á. Paula Nathalia , Güengue R. Yenniffer , Guerrero C. Diana Marcela , Guerrero G. Jhurley Katerin , Panche P. Ana Paola , Pinto Q. Paula Fernanda , Sanguino P. Kelly Johana , Vargas G. Angy Katherine , Vásquez C. Laura Andrea
Published: October 2017

Se realizó un estudio cualitativo con el objetivo de describir las percepciones de profesionales en enfermería sobre la violencia de la pareja íntima contra adolescentes gestantes atendidas en el Hospital de Usaquén (Bogotá, Colombia). Este parte del papel que desempeña enfermería en la detección, prevención y atención de las gestantes víctimas de violencia de sus parejas y surge de una investigación anterior en ese centro de atención, que determinó que las gestantes más jóvenes son las más vulnerables.
El estudio se desarrolló mediante dos grupos focales, con participación de 14 enfermeras que laboran en el hospital. El análisis, de tipo fenomenológico, se realizó con apoyo del software Atlas ti 7. Entre los principales resultados se establece que, según la percepción de las enfermeras, la forma más frecuente de violencia de la pareja íntima contra la adolescente gestante es la psicológica, seguida del abandono y la violencia económica. En cuanto a las necesidades de detección resulta importante ampliar los tiempos de consulta, generar un ambiente de confianza, implementar protocolos de detección inicial y realizar tamizajes. En lo relativo a la prevención, se recomienda iniciar desde la infancia la formación en género y derechos, además de trabajar conjuntamente con la escuela. Para la atención, se considera imperioso el trabajo interdisciplinario. Como barreras se mencionan la negación de las gestantes a denunciar y la amenaza de sus parejas al equipo de enfermería ante la notificación, así como la falta de capacitación del personal de salud.
Preeclampsia leve y severa: estudio de casos y controles en el Hospital de Chiquinquirá 2012-2014
Authors: Jaramillo R. Gloria Isabel , Vásquez G. Delly Cecilia , Buitrago-Medina Daniel Alejandro
Published: October 2017

La preeclampsia es una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad materna y fetal en Colombia y un problema de salud pública importante en la zona de influencia del Hospital Regional de Chiquinquirá (Boyacá, Colombia), pero no se ha cuantificado su magnitud ni los factores de riesgo. El objetivo de este estudio analítico fue determinar los factores de riesgo en casos de preeclampsia leve y severa en gestantes atendidas en dicha institución entre 2012 y 2014 para ayudar al diagnóstico temprano, la vigilancia y la prevención de complicaciones y secuelas. Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles retrospectivo. Se evaluaron 356 historias clínicas, 122 casos y 234 controles. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, bivariados apoyados por OR con IC 95%, comparación entre grupos a partir de pruebas T-student y U de Mann-Whitney y análisis estratificado por edades. Los resultados: procedencia, raza, régimen y educación no presentaron asociaciones significativas (p >0,05); antecedentes de preeclampsia, hipertensión arterial, cesárea en embarazos anteriores, período intergenésico mayor a 10 años e índice de masa corporal al final del embarazo mayor a 35, son factores de riesgo (p <0,05). Se concluye que el estrato socioeconómico 2 y la raza mestiza son factores protectores; los análisis estratificados no mostraron confusión por la variable edad; no existe distorsión de la relación entre las variables antecedentes de preeclampsia, hipertensión, cesáreas anteriores y preeclampsia. Las acciones de intervención para factores de riesgo en la población de estudio deben dirigirse a los estratos más bajos y población más vulnerable.
Resignificación y comprensión de la lactancia en sus actores
Authors: Martínez E. Nancy S. , Zamora Graciela , Rodríguez M. Fabio
Published: October 2017

El presente trabajo se realiza en el marco de la investigación “Resignificación y comprensión de la lactancia en sus actores”. El propósito fue identificar y describir la resignificación de la práctica de la lactancia alrededor de experiencias significativas, que permitan comprender y observar la transformación de las relaciones involucradas con la lactancia en distintas situaciones. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo de tipo investigación/intervención, donde se hizo una aproximación a las problemáticas sociales para entender sus transformaciones en la actualidad. Se incluyeron pacientes de la consulta prenatal y pediátrica de las instituciones prestadoras de salud: Javesalud y Colsubsidio. La información se recolectó mediante entrevistas con grupos mixtos, las cuales fueron custodiadas y agrupadas en unidades hermenéuticas asegurando su contenido; posteriormente se clasificaron en categorías para análisis por parte de todos los investigadores, procedimiento denominado triangulación, el cual permitió la clasificación final de la información en tres categorías: desnaturalización, familia, y nutrición vs. nutrir, que dan cuenta de las vicisitudes que las madres experimentan durante la lactancia y el poco acompañamiento que reciben para enfrentarlas. Se propone una reflexión alrededor de las consecuencias de dichas dificultades, tanto en el escenario de lo natural como en la desnaturalización de la lactancia: el apoyo de la pareja o la familia, las capacitaciones y el acompañamiento que los profesionales de la salud deben brindar hacia aspectos de diferente índole para asegurar el vínculo madre-hijo. Se sugiriere modificar la metodología de los cursos psicoprofilácticos y profundizar en temas psicosociales durante el acompañamiento en la lactancia.
La práctica formativa como escenario de aprendizaje significativo del cuidado de enfermería
Authors: Flórez-Gutiérrez Carolina , Mayorga-Palacios Andrea Del Pilar , Vargas-Escobar Lina María
Published: October 2017

Los docentes en enfermería tienen la responsabilidad de formar profesionales en enfermería humanos, idóneos y competentes para cubrir las necesidades de cuidado de la población y afrontar los retos existentes en materia de salud. Las prácticas formativas representan un espacio enriquecedor para el aprendizaje del cuidado de manera significativa en el logro de este propósito. Este artículo presenta una reflexión en torno al aprendizaje del cuidado durante las prácticas formativas en un programa de enfermería de Bogotá. Se abordan tópicos como la importancia de la formación en el cuidado, la influencia del contexto institucional y del modelo pedagógico, así como los significados de la práctica para estudiantes y docentes. Se concluye que la apertura, el diálogo abierto, la motivación, el conocer el ser humano que hay en el estudiante, el promover su autonomía y su reflexión, y el acompañarlo en su experiencia como cuidador son aspectos esenciales para el aprendizaje significativo del cuidado de enfermería durante las prácticas formativas y que estos espacios se constituyen en experiencias transformadoras no solo para el estudiante sino también para el docente.

 
Produção de fitomassa de Sálvia officinalis L. cultivada sob malhas coloridas e doses de esterco avícola
Authors: Souza Girlene Santos de , Lima Janderson Carmo , Santos Anacleto Ranulfo dos , Oliveira Uasley Caldas de , Bezerra Mariana Nogueira
Published: October 2017

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da qualidade de luz na produção de fitomassa de plantas de Sálvia Oficcinalis L. cultivada sob malhas coloridas e doses de esterco avícola. O experimento foi conduzido em área experimental da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, onde as plantas foram dispostas em diferentes ambientes de luz e cinco doses de esterco avícola  (0; 60; 120; 180 e 240 Kg ha-1). Aos 90 dias foram aferidas medidas não lineares: área foliar e peso de matéria seca e medidas lineares: número de folhas e altura das plantas. Houve uma interação significativa entre os ambientes de luz e as doses de esterco utilizadas para as variáveis área foliar (AF) e razão de massa foliar (RMF), encontrando os maiores valores de RMF com incremento de 72% e AF com 66% nas plantas submetidas as maiores doses de esterco. Analisando o efeito isolado dos ambientes de luz a malha vermelha teve destaque em todas as variáveis com exceção do número de folhas que não foram significativos. O uso de malhas coloridas em interação com doses de esterco avícola proporcionam expressivas respostas ao crescimento e desenvolvimento da Salvia officinalis. 

Production of phytomass of Salvia officinalis L. cultivated under colored fabrics and doses of poultry manure
Abstract: Objective to evaluate the effect of light quality on production of phytomass of Sálvia Oficcinalis L. cultivated under colored fabrics and doses of poultry manure. The experiment was conducted in an experimental area of the Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia, where the plants were arranged in different light environments and five doses of poultry manure (0; 60; 120; 180 and 240 Kg ha-1). To 90 days were measured non-linear measures: leaf area and dry matter weight and linear measures: number of leaves and the height of the plants. There was a significant interaction between light environments and the doses of manure used for variables leaf area (AF) and foliar mass ratio (RMF), finding the highest values of RMF with 72% increment and AF with 66% in plants submitted the largest doses of manure. Analyzing the isolated effect of light red mesh environments had featured in all the variables with the exception of the number of sheets that were not significant. It is concluded that the use of colored meshes in interaction with doses of poultry manure provide significant responses to the growth and development of Salvia officinalis.
Qualidade pós-colheita em brotos de palma de diferentes cultivares
Authors: Lima Daniel Pereira , Pereira Emmanuel Moreira , Silva Nathan José Pereira da , Magalhães Welliton Barros de , Henrique Ricardo Da Silva
Published: October 2017

A palma pertencente à família das cactáceas, sendo de origem mexicana. No Nordeste brasileiro, o broto de palma faz parte da dieta alimentar da população de alguns municípios. Com isso objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade pós-colheita dos brotos de palma proveniente de diferentes cultivares. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no Centro de Ciências e Humanas Sociais e Agrárias, Bananeiras, Paraíba, pertencente à Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Foram utilizados brotos das cultivares Gigante (Opuntia ficus indica Mill.), Redonda (Opuntia ficus indica L.), Orelha de Elefante (Opuntia tuna (L.) Mill.) e Miúda (Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck). Os brotos foram colhidos em propriedades rurais às 6:00 horas e transportados ao laboratório, onde foram eliminados os acúleos e lavados. Realizou-se as análises em triplicata dos teores de ácido ascórbico (AA), de acidez titulável (AT) e de sólidos solúveis (SS), pH, umidade e condutividade elétrica. Os brotos de palma da variedade Gigante foram os que apresentaram as melhores características, atribuído ao maior conteúdo de ácido ascórbico e ao melhor equilíbrio entre os açúcares (SS) e os ácidos (AT).
Chemical attributes of soil in agroforestry system of gliricidia intercropped with spineless cactus
Authors: Sarmento Maria Iza De Arruda , Pereira Junior Ednaldo Barbosa , Pérez-Marin Aldrin Martin , Medeiros Aline Carla de , Maracajá Patricio Borges , Almeida José Cezario de
Published: October 2017

In this study, we aimed to assess the chemical attributes of a soil fertilized with organic matter, in an agroforestry system. The experiment was carried out at the Miguel Arraes agricultural experiment station of the National Semiarid Institute (INSA), located in Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil. Experimental design consisted of a randomized block with four replications. We applied four treatments of organic fertilization: (HS) Humic Substances; (SW) Seaweeds; (B) Bokashi; and (C) control treatment, without fertilization. Soil samples were collected at 0-20 cm depth, placed in plastic bags and taken to laboratory for the following chemical analysis: pH, potassium (K+), sodium (Na+), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), soil organic matter (SOM), sum of bases (SB), cation exchange capacity (CEC), base saturation (V%) and Soil Quality Index (SQI). Organic fertilizers applied to the soil did not affected pH, P, K+, Na+, Al3+ and CEC. Humic substances treatment increased the availability of Mg2+, while seaweeds treatment increased the Ca2+, SB, V% and SOM levels.

Atributos químicos do solo em sistema agroflorestal de gliricídia consorciado com palma forrageira

Resumo: Objetivou-se avaliar os atributos químicos de um solo adubado com matéria orgânica, em um sistema agroflorestal. Para isso foi conduzido um experimento na Estação Experimental da Fazenda Miguel Arraes, situada na área sede do Instituto Nacional do Semiárido (INSA), Unidade de Pesquisa do Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (MCTI), localizada no município de Campina Grande, Paraíba. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos aplicados foram quatro tipos de adubação orgânica: (SH) Substancia Húmicas; (AM) Algas Marinhas; (B) Bokashi; e (T) tratamentos controle, sem adubação. As amostras foram coletadas na profundidade de 0-20 cm, acondicionadas em sacolas plásticas e levadas ao Laboratório de Análise de Solos, Água e Plantas (LASAP) do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba (IFPB) campus Sousa para análises químicas [pH, potássio (K+), sódio (Na+), fósforo (P), cálcio (Ca2+), magnésio (Mg2+), matéria orgânica do solo (MOS)], soma de bases (SB), capacidade de troca de cátions (CTC), saturação por bases (V%) e Índice de Qualidade do Solo (IQS). Os adubos orgânicos aplicados no solo não influenciaram no pH, fósforo (P), potássio (K+), sódio (Na+), alumínio (Al3+) e CTC. As SH promoveram o aumento na disponibilidade de magnésio (Mg2+) e as AM causaram incremento nos teores de Ca2+, SB, V% e MOS.
UM ESTUDO DE CASO SOBRE SUSTENTABILIDADE E EFICIÊNCIA DE UM FUNDO DE PREVIDÊNCIA NO BRASIL
Authors: Serrano Andre Luiz Marques , Araujo Neto Luiz Medeiros , Wilbert Marcelo Driemeyer , Peña Carlos Rosano
Published: October 2017

No Brasil, a grande maioria dos Regimes Próprios de Previdência Social (RPPS) restringe-se, simplesmente, à análise da taxa de retorno da carteira de investimentos, comparando-a com algum índice de mercado ou à meta atuarial normatizada.  Essa observação carece de uma análise da eficiência na gestão de investimentos dos ativos financeiros, tendo como premissa que a eficiência resta comprometida pela suscetibilidade do gestor à aversão ao risco e, também, porque ele mesmo se encontra restrito ao escopo normativo, que lhe limita a capacidade de investimento em carteira de maior volatilidade. Conseguintemente, o grande desafio dos RPPS, para o seu equilíbrio econômico-financeiro é aplicar, de maneira eficiente, os recursos no mercado financeiro. Este estudo avalia a eficiência da gestão dos investimentos do Instituto de Previdência dos Servidores do Distrito Federal (IPREV/DF) por meio da otimização de portfólios alternativos. Avalia também como a normatização legal influencia a eficiência da gestão financeira dos fundos e, paralelamente, analisa a aversão ao risco, onde os gestores tem o conhecimento de que um dos princípios para um investidor eficiente é o tipo de risco associado ao investimento, e o retorno dele esperado. Desse modo, concluiu que, apesar de o IPREV/DF apresentar desempenho suficiente para garantir a meta atuarial, há indícios de que métodos mais eficazes de administração possibilitam superar metas, a fim de galgar a sustentabilidade do sistema, para o cumprimento de seu fim precípuo que é o custeio dos benefícios dos segurados.
ARRANJOS OPERACIONAIS VOLTADOS À ARMAZENAGEM E DISTRIBUIÇÃO: ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS DE ARMAZENAMENTO E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DA PRODUÇÃO DE UMA INDÚSTRIA DE REFRIGERENTES INSTALADA NO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL
Authors: Da Silva Frederico Thiago Ferreira , Da Silva Devanildo Braz
Published: October 2017

O presente artigo tem como objetivo identificar a melhor maneira de atender mercados geograficamente distantes do local de produção/distribuição, de uma forma mais eficiente. Foi feita uma pesquisa exploratória, com a utilização de material bibliográfico e entrevista não estruturada, realizada no período de janeiro a abril de 2016. Identificou-se que a empresa atualmente adota o sistema de distribuição por meio de estrutura direta, onde no mesmo local é produzido, armazenado, separado e expedido para os clientes, tanto para regiões próximas quanto para regiões mais distantes. Alternativamente ao sistema atual, foram analisados dois novos arranjos operacionais voltados à armazenagem e distribuição: o Centro de Distribuição e o Transit Point. O centro de distribuição é uma maneira de se obter uma distribuição mais eficiente, flexível e dinâmica, proporcionando capacidade de resposta rápida. Porém, para sua utilização faz-se necessário o uso do estoque, fazendo com que os processos da distribuição física sejam próximos aos clientes. O mesmo se aplica para os transit points, que possuem uma estrutura similar, porém os produtos recebidos já possuem destinação, ou seja, não é necessário estoque, sendo uma estrutura simples e de fácil gerenciamento. Concluiu-se que a melhor alternativa para suprir as lacunas do modelo de distribuição vigente é o transit point.
A DINÂMICA DA INOVAÇÃO EM SERVIÇOS: UMA ANÁLISE DO HOSPITAL METROPOLITANO
Authors: Centoducatte Eduardo Avellar , Santos Glicia Vieira dos
Published: October 2017

O estudo buscou compreender os processos de inovações em serviços, analisando um hospital privado localizado no município da Serra, no Estado do Espírito Santo. Através de pesquisa descritiva e qualitativa utilizando, principalmente, entrevista semiestruturada como fonte para coleta de dados, foi possível identificar três inovações implementadas, nos últimos dois anos, nesse hospital. Essas inovações foram criadas e implementadas a partir da própria organização. Os resultados mostram as trajetórias individuais de cada inovação identificada e, ainda, que essas inovações não são exclusivas e dependentes de artefatos tecnológicos.
EMPREENDIMENTO DE ECONOMIA SOLIDÁRIA E ANÁLISE SWOT: PERSPECTIVAS E DESAFIOS
Authors: Fernandes Rafaela Dias , Ramalho Ângela Maria Cavalcanti , Alves Allan Carlos
Published: October 2017

Nos últimos anos vem se ampliando as discussões sobre o contingente de trabalhadores que estão à margem do mercado formal de trabalho e a falta de políticas públicas que deem subsídios à criação de alternativas de geração de renda. Neste cenário surge a economia solidária que tem conquistado uma visibilidade cada vez maior, com várias formas de desenvolvimento das práticas, a exemplo de feiras, associações e cooperativas. Assim, o objeto de estudo, foi a Cooperativa Agropecuária do Assentamento Oziel Pereira LTDA. (COOPAP), com iniciativa de economia solidária. Com respaldo nas perspectivas configuradas e articuladas com a temática. O artigo tem como objetivo principal identificar através da matriz de análise de SWOT os pontos fortes (strengths), pontos fracos (weaknesses), oportunidades (opportunities) e ameaças (threats) da COOPAP, Remígio-PB. No enquadramento metodológico, o estudo foi de caráter descritivo-exploratório com abordagem quanti-qualitativa. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi a observação participante e o questionário com questões fechadas aplicadas com o público-alvo da pesquisa que foram escolhidos por amostragem aleatória, sendo entrevistados 20 atores sociais. Os resultados apontaram que a cooperativa possuir uma lacuna de técnicas gerenciais, com profissionais capacitados na área administrativa para desenvolver em conjunto com a cooperativa uma estrutura administrativa sólida e eficaz. Com controle, monitoramento, e adaptação da cooperativa as mais diferenciadas mudanças do ambiente, a fim de ampliar os bons resultados financeiros.