bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SNAPS: Sensor Analytics Point Solutions for Detection and Decision Support Systems
Authors: McLamore Eric S. , Palit Austin Datta Shoumen , Morgan Victoria , Cavallaro Nicholas , Kiker Greg , Jenkins Daniel M. , Rong Yue , Gomes Carmen , Claussen Jonathan , Vanegas Diana , Alocilja Evangelyn C.
Published: November 2019

In this review, we discuss the role of sensor analytics point solutions (SNAPS), a reduced complexity machine-assisted decision support tool. We summarize the approaches used for mobile phone-based chemical/biological sensors, including general hardware and software requirements for signal transduction and acquisition. We introduce SNAPS, part of a platform approach to converge sensor data and analytics. The platform is designed to consist of a portfolio of modular tools which may lend itself to dynamic composability by enabling context-specific selection of relevant units, resulting in case-based working modules. SNAPS is an element of this platform where data analytics, statistical characterization and algorithms may be delivered to the data either via embedded systems in devices, or sourced, in near real-time, from mist, fog or cloud computing resources. Convergence of the physical systems with the cyber components paves the path for SNAPS to progress to higher levels of artificial reasoning tools (ART) and emerge as data-informed decision support, as a service for general societal needs. Proof of concept examples of SNAPS are demonstrated both for quantitative data and qualitative data, each operated using a mobile device (smartphone or tablet) for data acquisition and analytics. We discuss the challenges and opportunities for SNAPS, centered around the value to users/stakeholders and the key performance indicators users may find helpful, for these types of machine-assisted tools.
Using a Scintillation Detector to Detect Partial Discharges
Authors: Nagi Łukasz , Kozioł Michał , Kunicki Michał , Wotzka Daria
Published: November 2019

This article presents the possibility of using a scintillation detector to detect partial discharges (PD) and presents the results of multi-variant studies of high-energy ionizing generated by PD in air. Based on the achieved results, it was stated that despite a high sensitivity of the applied detector, the accompanying electromagnetic radiation from the visible light, UV, and high-energy ionizing radiation can be recorded by both spectroscopes and a system commonly used to detect radiation. It is also important that the scintillation detector identifies a specific location where dangerous electrical discharges and where the E-M radiation energy that accompanies PD are generated. This provides a quick and non-invasive way to detect damage in insulation at an early stage when it is not visible from the outside. In places where different radiation detectors are often used due to safety regulations, such as power plants or nuclear laboratories, it is also possible to use a scintillation detector to identify that the recorded radiation comes from damaged insulation and is not the result of a failure.
An Ultraviolet Sensor and Indicator Module Based on p–i–n Photodiodes
Authors: Chiu Yu-Chieh , Yeh Pinghui Sophia , Wang Tzu-Hsun , Chou Tzu-Chieh , Wu Cheng-You , Zhang Jia-Jun
Published: November 2019

The monolithic integration of an ultraviolet (UV) sensor and warning lamp would reduce the cost, volume, and footprint, in comparison to a hybrid combination of discrete components. We constructed a module comprising a monolithic sensor indicator device based on basic p–i–n (PIN) photodiodes and a transimpedance amplifier. GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with an indium-tin oxide (ITO) current-spreading layer and PIN photodiodes without ITO deposition on the light-receiving area, were simultaneously fabricated. The resultant incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiencies of the PIN photodiodes at UV wavelengths were significantly higher than those of the reverse-biased LEDs. The photocurrent signals of the PIN photodiode were then converted to voltage signals to drive an integrated visible LED, which functioned as an indicator. The more the ambient UV-light intensity exceeded a specified level, the brighter the glow of the LED. The responsivities of 0.20 and 0.16 A/W were obtained at 381 and 350 nm, respectively, under a bias voltage of 5 V. We also addressed the epitaxial structural details that can affect the collection efficiency of the photocurrent generated by UV light absorption. The crosstalk between the PIN photodiode and LEDs (of various center-to-center distances) was measured.
Parasitics Impact on the Performance of Rectifier Circuits in Sensing RF Energy Harvesting
Authors: Alex-Amor Antonio , Moreno-Núñez Javier , Fernández-González José M. , Padilla Pablo , Esteban Jaime
Published: November 2019

This work presents some accurate guidelines for the design of rectifier circuits in radiofrequency (RF) energy harvesting. New light is shed on the design process, paying special attention to the nonlinearity of the circuits and the modeling of the parasitic elements. Two different configurations are tested: a Cockcroft–Walton multiplier and a half-wave rectifier. Several combinations of diodes, capacitors, inductors and loads were studied. Furthermore, the parasitics that are part of the circuits were modeled. Thus, the most harmful parasitics were identified and studied in depth in order to improve the conversion efficiency and enhance the performance of self-sustaining sensing systems. The experimental results show that the parasitics associated with the diode package and the via holes in the PCB (Printed Circuit Board) can leave the circuits inoperative. As an example, the rectifier efficiency is below 5% without considering the influence of the parasitics. On the other hand, it increases to over 30% in both circuits after considering them, twice the value of typical passive rectifiers.
A Microfluidic Prototype System towards Microalgae Cell Separation, Treatment and Viability Characterization
Authors: Wang Yanjuan , Wang Junsheng , Zhou Chen , Ding Gege , Chen Mengmeng , Zou Jiang , Wang Ge , Kang Yuejun , Pan Xinxiang
Published: November 2019

There are a huge number, and abundant types, of microalgae in the ocean; and most of them have various values in many fields, such as food, medicine, energy, feed, etc. Therefore, how to identify and separation of microalgae cells quickly and effectively is a prerequisite for the microalgae research and utilization. Herein, we propose a microfluidic system that comprised microalgae cell separation, treatment and viability characterization. Specifically, the microfluidic separation function is based on the principle of deterministic lateral displacement (DLD), which can separate various microalgae species rapidly by their different sizes. Moreover, a concentration gradient generator is designed in this system to automatically produce gradient concentrations of chemical reagents to optimize the chemical treatment of samples. Finally, a single photon counter was used to evaluate the viability of treated microalgae based on laser-induced fluorescence from the intracellular chlorophyll of microalgae. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first laboratory prototype system combining DLD separation, concentration gradient generator and chlorophyll fluorescence detection technology for fast analysis and treatment of microalgae using marine samples. This study may inspire other novel applications of micro-analytical devices for utilization of microalgae resources, marine ecological environment protection and ship ballast water management.
Spatial Analysis of Curb-Park Violations and Their Relationship with Points of Interest: A Case Study of Tehran, Iran
Authors: Koohpayma Javad , Tahooni Amir , Jelokhani-Niaraki Mohammadreza , Jokar Arsanjani Jamal
Published: November 2019

Car parking is a challenging part of urban transportation and traffic violations cause many problems for citizens. Studies have shown that there is a direct relationship between vehicle parking violations and urban places. In this study, we investigated the spatial distribution of vehicle violations in a region of Tehran, Iran, that is suffering from a heavy traffic load and heavily polluted air. Although there are two dissimilar urban segregations in the north and south of the study area, in both of the regions, about 70% of all curb-parks are legal, while the remaining are illegal. However, our analysis indicates a dissimilar pattern of car parking violations. Additionally, spatial analysis reveals a direct relationship between some POIs (Point of interests) and the occurrence of car park violations. For example, the number of vehicle park violations around the hospitals is more than the average of the study area. However, the number of park violations around the universities is less than the average. Our results also show that POIs have an impact radius that leads to violations occurring in that area. For example, the influence range of a hospital on the creation of car park violations was estimated at 125 meters. Our presented approach along with the discussed findings and conclusions can be useful to an extensive range of stakeholders, including urban planners, traffic police departments, local municipalities, law enforcement agencies and environmentalists, to have a better perspective of infrastructure planning.
Assessment of the Current Situation of Informal Recyclers and Recycling: Case Study Bogotá
Authors: Bermudez Juliette F. , Montoya-Ruiz Ana M. , Saldarriaga Juan F.
Published: November 2019

The contribution of recyclers to the environment and the local economy is not recognized and they are not remunerated for the service they provide to the city. It is well known that informal collection contributes to the recycling of resources in a positive way, but it is also associated with several environmental, health, and social problems. In Colombia, these recyclers work informally. In 2016, Decree 596 was issued, which regulates the utilization of the public cleaning service and the transitory regime for the formalization of informal recyclers. The objective of this work is to evaluate the social and technical impact of recycling in the city of Bogotá three years after the regulations were issued. A study was carried out in order to study how recyclers have been affected by the new regulations after three years of validity as well as understand their perceptions of the evolution of recycling in the city. The study consisted of a series of surveys of recyclers from a statistical sample with 0.05 error that applied a mixed approach. Qualitative and quantitative analysis were included. This analysis was done in order to mix statistical results with deep analysis. The survey indicated that a low percentage of users (good 28%) performed good processes of separation at the source, which lowers the recovery of materials and prevents the potential use of many others. Likewise, it was evidenced that for a material to be sold or commercialized it depends significantly on the separation at the source. In addition, according to the perception of the respondents, society tends to discriminate against them, which leads to the conclusion that discrimination still exists between both the government and society. Finally, the current legislation has not been effective in its implementation and court declarations regarding recyclers as people with inherent rights have not yet been applied in Colombia.
The Construction of a Regional Ecological Security Pattern Based on Circuit Theory
Authors: Li Jiulin , Xu Jiangang , Chu Jinlong
Published: November 2019

The construction of an ecological security pattern (ESP) is one of the basic methods to protect regional ecological security and enhance people’s well-being. In the case of Anhui province, located in the Yangtze River Delta region of China, regional ecological sources were assessed and recognized in terms of ecosystem services, and regional ESP was then constructed based on circuit theory. Current density was applied to analyze the significance of patches and corridors and recognize sticking points, and thereby strategies were introduced to optimize regional ESP. Results of ecosystem services function assessment showed that there were 47 ecological patches, 107 ecological corridors, 16 pinch points, and six sticking points in the ESP of Anhui province. The watershed of the Yangtze and Huai rivers divides the ESP of the northern and southern Anhui, which has huge landscape spatial heterogeneity. Areas with relatively good ecological resources were basically located between Dabie Mountain area in the west and the low hilly area in the south of Anhui, with mostly woodland and farmland as ecological sources. However, cities in the northern Anhui, also in the north of the watershed of the Yangtze and Huai rivers, face severe situations in terms of environmental protection. This study conducted spatial analyses on ESP with different thresholds and proposed to classify different ESPs according to ecological control. This helps to alleviate the contradiction between economic development and environmental protection, and improve the supply capacity of regional ecosystem services, in order to satisfy the regional demand for ecosystem services. Meanwhile, this study offers more methods to construct regional ESP and introduces targeted measures to improve connectivity, which is of practical guidance for the connectivity and optimization of ecological patterns.
Sustainability and Competitiveness in the Tourism Industry and Tourist Destinations: A Bibliometric Study
Authors: Seguí-Amortegui Luis , Clemente-Almendros José Antonio , Medina Rubí , Grueso Gala Melanie
Published: November 2019

This article presents an analysis of the state of the art on the relationship between tourism, sustainability and competitiveness (TSC); moreover, the analysis also includes a focus on tourism destination (TSCD). To that end, information on the publications in these fields from recent years was sourced from the Web of Science database. In addition, the VOSviewer software program was used to enable a more in-depth bibliometric study, allowing the results to be clustered by authors, institutions, countries, and journals. The study carried out revealed that 808 articles have been published on aspects relating to TCS and 409 regarding TSCD. The results obtained underscore the greater scientific output on aspects related to sustainability than on aspects related to competitiveness and also that there has been a significant and exponential increase in both cases in recent years. These three fields of study (tourism, sustainability and competitiveness) are rarely combined in the literature, highlighting the lack of a comprehensive overview of this trinity. The evidence reported here suggest that the trend identified represents a future line of work for the coming years.
The Limitations of an Air-Oxidation Breakaway Model to Predict a Zirconium Fire in a Spent Nuclear Fuel Pool Accident
Authors: Park Sanggil , Park Min Bum
Published: November 2019

The OECD/NEA Spent Fuel Pool (SFP) project was conducted to investigate consequences of spent nuclear fuel pool accident scenarios. From the project, it was observed that cladding temperature could abruptly increase at a certain point and the cladding was completely oxidized. This phenomenon was called a “zirconium fire”. This zirconium fire is one of the crucial concerns for spent fuel pool safety under a postulated loss of coolant accident scenario, since it would lead to an uncontrolled mass release of fission products into the environment. To capture this critical phenomenon, an air-oxidation breakaway model has been implemented in the MELCOR code. This study examines this air-oxidation breakaway model by comparing the SFP project test data with a series of MELCOR code sensitivity calculation results. The air-oxidation model parameters are slightly altered to investigate their sensitivities on the occurrence of the zirconium fire. Through such sensitivity analysis, limitations of the air-oxidation breakaway model are identified, and needs for model improvement is recommended.
The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Firms’ Innovation in China: The Role of Institutional Support
Authors: Ji Huanyong , Xu Guannan , Zhou Yuan , Miao Zhongzhen
Published: November 2019

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) literature in developed countries indicates that there are two types of CSR (i.e., proactive CSR and reactive CSR), and only the proactive one can boost innovation. However, recent studies from emerging economies such as China show that both types of CSR can enhance innovation. Such inconsistent results may be created by, on the one hand, the heterogeneity of innovation types, and on the other hand, the heterogeneity of mechanisms though which CSR impacts innovation in different countries. Accordingly, this paper theoretically explores the impacts of two types of CSR (i.e., proactive CSR and reactive CSR) on two of innovation types (exploratory innovation and exploitative innovation). This paper further reveals the mechanisms through which CSR impacts innovation in China by investigating the moderating role of institutional support (i.e., government support and social support) on the relationship between CSR and innovation. Using a panel dataset (2008–2016) of 286 Chinese public listed firms from research and development (R&D)-intensive industries (e.g., information technology, pharmaceutical and biological products; and chemicals, etc.), our findings show that: (1) proactive CSR promotes exploratory innovation; (2) reactive CSR promotes exploitative innovation; (3) government support strengthen the relationship between proactive CSR and exploratory innovation as well as the relationship between reactive CSR and exploitative innovation; (4) social support weaken the relationship between proactive CSR and exploratory innovation. This paper enriches our understanding on the relationship between CSR and innovation, and provides implications for practitioners and policymakers.
Life Cycle Assessment for Transportation Infrastructure Policy Evaluation and Procurement for State and Local Governments
Authors: Harvey John T. , Butt Ali A. , Lozano Mark T. , Kendall Alissa , Saboori Arash , Lea Jeremy D. , Kim Changmo , Basheer Imad
Published: November 2019

Climate change is one of the defining challenges of our time, and achieving mitigation targets requires urgent action to identify and implement strategies for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, identifying, quantifying, and then selecting among the many possible strategies to achieve GHG reductions is difficult, especially without a standardized approach for comparison. Presenting alternatives in a mitigation supply curve is an approach that has been used previously to compare the costs and magnitude of mitigation potential for different strategies. Some of the critiques of this approach include the lack of a consequential perspective in determining mitigation and the lack of a life cycle perspective in quantifying mitigation and economic costs. This research uses the principles of consequential life cycle assessment and life cycle cost analysis to improve on the mitigation supply curve concept to support evaluation and procurement decisions for transportation infrastructure. Results from pilot studies for road infrastructure indicate that a consequential life cycle approach for mitigation supply curves is feasible and can support agency decision-making and communication regarding those decisions.
The Impact of Brain Lateralization and Anxiety-Like Behaviour in an Extensive Operant Conditioning Task in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Miletto Petrazzini Maria Elena , Pecunioso Alessandra , Dadda Marco , Agrillo Christian
Published: November 2019

Several studies in mammals, birds, and fish have documented better cognitive abilities associated with an asymmetrical distribution of cognitive functions in the two halves of the brain, also known as ‘functional brain lateralization’. However, the role of brain lateralization in learning abilities is still unclear. In addition, although recent studies suggest a link between some personality traits and accuracy in cognitive tasks, the relation between anxiety and learning skills in Skinner boxes needs to be clarified. In the present study, we tested the impact of brain lateralization and anxiety-like behaviour in the performance of an extensive operant conditioning task. Zebrafish tested in a Skinner box underwent 500 trials in a colour discrimination task (red vs. yellow and green vs. blue). To assess the degree of lateralization, fish were observed in a detour test in the presence of a dummy predator, and anxiety-like behaviour was studied by observing scototaxis response in an experimental tank divided into light and dark compartments. Although the low performance in the colour discrimination task did not permit the drawing of firm conclusions, no correlation was found between the accuracy in the colour discrimination task and the behaviour in the detour and scototaxis tests. This suggests that neither different degrees of asymmetries in brain lateralization nor anxiety may significantly impact the learning skills of zebrafish.
Flexible Patterns for Soft 3D Printed Fabrications
Authors: Chynybekova Kanygul , Choi Soo-Mi
Published: November 2019

Rapid improvements in 3D printing technology bring about new possibilities to print with different types of printing materials. New studies have investigated and presented various printing methodologies. However, the majority of these studies are targeted at experimenting with rigid 3D printed objects rather than soft 3D printed fabrications. The presented research considers soft 3D printing, particularly focusing on the development of flexible patterns based on non-homogenous hybrid honeycombs for the interior of 3D printed objects to improve their flexibility and additional stretchability including the lightweight interior. After decomposing the area of an object into regions, our method creates a specific design where patterns are positioned at each partitioned region of the object area by connecting opposite sides of the boundary. The number of regions is determined according to application requirements or by user demands. The current study provides the results of conducted experiments. The aim of this research is to create flexible, stretchable, and lightweight soft 3D printed objects by exploring their deformation responses under tension, compression and flexure tests. This method generates soft 3D printed fabrications with physical properties that meet user demands.
Spacetime and Deformations of Special Relativistic Kinematics
Authors: Carmona José Manuel , Cortés José Luis , Relancio José Javier
Published: November 2019

A deformation of special relativistic kinematics (possible signal of a theory of quantum gravity at low energies) leads to a modification of the notion of spacetime. At the classical level, this modification is required when one considers a model including single- or multi-interaction processes, for which absolute locality in terms of canonical spacetime coordinates is lost. We discuss the different alternatives for observable effects in the propagation of a particle over very large distances that emerge from the new notion of spacetime. A central ingredient in the discussion is the cluster decomposition principle, which can be used to favor some alternatives over the others.
Hemolysis Derived Products Toxicity and Endothelium: Model of the Second Hit
Authors: Frimat Marie , Boudhabhay Idris , Roumenina Lubka
Published: November 2019

Vascular diseases are multifactorial, often requiring multiple challenges, or ‘hits’, for their initiation. Intra-vascular hemolysis illustrates well the multiple-hit theory where a first event lyses red blood cells, releasing hemolysis-derived products, in particular cell-free heme which is highly toxic for the endothelium. Physiologically, hemolysis derived-products are rapidly neutralized by numerous defense systems, including haptoglobin and hemopexin which scavenge hemoglobin and heme, respectively. Likewise, cellular defense mechanisms are involved, including heme-oxygenase 1 upregulation which metabolizes heme. However, in cases of intra-vascular hemolysis, those systems are overwhelmed. Heme exerts toxic effects by acting as a damage-associated molecular pattern and promoting, together with hemoglobin, nitric oxide scavenging and ROS production. In addition, it activates the complement and the coagulation systems. Together, these processes lead to endothelial cell injury which triggers pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory phenotypes. Moreover, among endothelial cells, glomerular ones display a particular susceptibility explained by a weaker capacity to counteract hemolysis injury. In this review, we illustrate the ‘multiple-hit’ theory through the example of intra-vascular hemolysis, with a particular focus on cell-free heme, and we advance hypotheses explaining the glomerular susceptibility observed in hemolytic diseases. Finally, we describe therapeutic options for reducing endothelial injury in hemolytic diseases.
staRdom: Versatile Software for Analyzing Spectroscopic Data of Dissolved Organic Matter in R
Authors: Pucher Matthias , Wünsch Urban , Weigelhofer Gabriele , Murphy Kathleen , Hein Thomas , Graeber Daniel
Published: November 2019

The roles of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in microbial processes and nutrient cycles depend on its composition, which requires detailed measurements and analyses. We introduce a package for R, called staRdom (“spectroscopic analysis of DOM in R”), to analyze DOM spectroscopic data (absorbance and fluorescence), which is key to deliver fast insight into DOM composition of many samples. staRdom provides functions that standardize data preparation and analysis of spectroscopic data and are inspired by practical work. The user can perform blank subtraction, dilution correction, Raman normalization, scatter removal and interpolation, and fluorescence normalization. The software performs parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) of excitation–emission matrices (EEMs), including peak picking of EEMs, and calculates fluorescence indices, absorbance indices, and absorbance slope indices from EEMs and absorbance spectra. A comparison between PARAFAC solutions by staRdom in R compared with drEEM in MATLAB showed nearly identical solutions for most datasets, although different convergence criteria are needed to obtain similar results and interpolation of missing data is important when working with staRdom. In conclusion, staRdom offers the opportunity for standardized multivariate decomposition of spectroscopic data without requiring software licensing fees and presuming only basic R knowledge.
Space–Time Kriging of Precipitation: Modeling the Large-Scale Variation with Model GAMLSS
Authors: Medeiros Elias Silva de , de Lima Renato Ribeiro , Olinda Ricardo Alves de , Dantas Leydson G. , Santos Carlos Antonio Costa dos
Published: November 2019

Knowing the dynamics of spatial–temporal precipitation distribution is of vital significance for the management of water resources, in highlight, in the northeast region of Brazil (NEB). Several models of large-scale precipitation variability are based on the normal distribution, not taking into consideration the excess of null observations that are prevalent in the daily or even monthly precipitation information of the region under study. This research proposes a novel way of modeling the trend component by using an inflated gamma distribution of zeros. The residuals of this regression are generally space–time dependent and have been modeled by a space–time covariance function. The findings show that the new techniques have provided reliable and precise precipitation estimates, exceeding the techniques used previously. The modeling provided estimates of precipitation in nonsampled locations and unobserved periods, thus serving as a tool to assist the government in improving water management, anticipating society’s needs and preventing water crises.
Effect of the Surface Charge on the Adsorption Capacity of Chromium(VI) of Iron Oxide Magnetic Nanoparticles Prepared by Microwave-Assisted Synthesis
Authors: Gallo-Cordova Alvaro , Morales María del Puerto , Mazarío Eva
Published: November 2019

Solid phase extraction using magnetic nanoparticles has represented a leap forward in terms of the improvement of water quality, preventing the contamination of industrial effluents from discharge in a more efficient and affordable way. In the present work, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNP) with different surface charges are tested as nanosorbents for the removal of chromium(VI) in aqueous solution. Uniform magnetic nanoparticles (~12 nm) were synthesized by a microwave polyol-mediated method, and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) were grafted onto their surface, providing a variation in the surface charge. The adsorptive process of chromium was evaluated as a function of the pH, the initial concentration of chromium and contact time. Kinetic studies were best described by a pseudo-second order model in all cases. TEOS@MNP barely removed the chromium from the media, while non-grafted particles and APTES@TEOS@MNP followed the Langmuir model, with maximum adsorption capacities of 15 and 35 mgCr/g, respectively. The chromium adsorption capacities abruptly increased when the surface became positively charged as the species coexisting at the experimental pH are negatively charged. Furthermore, these particles have proven to be highly efficient in water remediation due their 100% reusability after more than six consecutive adsorption/desorption cycles.
Long-Term Hydropower Generation Scheduling of Large-Scale Cascade Reservoirs Using Chaotic Adaptive Multi-Objective Bat Algorithm
Authors: Su Lyuwen , Yang Kan , Hu Hu , Yang Zhe
Published: November 2019

With growing concerns over renewable energy, the cascade hydropower reservoirs operation (CHRO), which balances the development of economic benefits and power supply security, plays an increasingly important role in hydropower systems. Due to conflicting objectives and complicated operation constraints, the CHRO problem considering the requirements of maximizing power generation benefit and firm power output is determined as a multi-objective optimization problem (MOP). In this paper, a chaotic adaptive multi-objective bat algorithm (CAMOBA) is proposed to solve the CHRO problem, and the external archive set is added to preserve non-dominant solutions. Meanwhile, population initialization based on the improved logical mapping function is adopted to improve population diversity. Furthermore, the self-adaptive local search strategy and mutation operation are designed to escape local minima. The CAMOBA is applied to the CHRO problem of the Qingjiang cascade hydropower stations in southern China. The results show that CAMOBA outperforms the multi-objective bat algorithm (MOBA) and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithms-II (NSGA-II) in different hydrological years. The spacing (SP) and hypervolume (HV) metrics verify the excellent performance of CAMOBA in diversity and convergence. In summary, the CAMOBA is demonstrated to get better scheduling solutions, providing an effective approach for solving the cascade hydropower reservoirs operation (CHRO).
DEVELOPMENT OF A TEST-SYSTEMS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE SOIL BORNED TOBACCO RATTLE VIRUS BASED ON THE USE OF ELISA
Authors: Varicev Yury , Uskov Aleksander , Variceva Galina , Galushka Pavel , Prihidko Yury
Published: November 2019

On the base of the isolate TRV PV-0361 of the tobacco rattle virus from the commercial collection of the DSMZ company (Germany) have been developed methods for maintaining the virus in vitro culture on N. clevelandii plants, propagation the virus in the spring-summer period in greenhouse conditions, “soft” isolation of a purified virus preparation by clarifying leaf juice with low-speed centrifugation and treatment with non-ionic detergent Triton-X-100 followed by precipitation of the virus with polyethylene glycol-6000 and three-fold ultracentrifugation using sucrose cushion, sucrose concentration gradient and differential centrifugation. The purified virus preparation was used for producing rabbit antiserums according to the scheme we worked out. The obtained antiserum had the following titers - specific 1: 5 · 105, non-specific 1: 8 · 103. Based on antibodies isolated from this antiserum, coating antibodies and peroxidase conjugates were obtained, which made it possible to create ELISA test systems for determining TRV with sensitivity of about 12-16 ng/ml.
The resulting test systems can be used in practical work on quality control and certification of seed potatoes.
Anlamı, Keyfiyeti ve İşlevi Bakımından Hz. Peygamber’e Salavat Getirme Hakkında Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: BAŞARAN Serkan
Published: November 2019

Hz. Peygamber’e salavat getirmek, sünnetin teşvik ettiği, gelenekselleşmiş
bir uygulamadır. Nitekim İslam coğrafyasına bakıldığında salavat pratiğinin
geniş bir çerçeveye yayıldığı, ferdî veya sosyal birçok etkinliğin parçası
kılınarak bir tür Hz. Peygamber ile ünsiyet kurmanın vasıtası kabul edildiği
görülmektedir. Esasen Hz. Peygamber yer ve zaman kaydı koymaksızın getirilecek
her bir salavatın kendisine arz edileceğini haber vererek bu bilinci ümmetine
bizzat kendisi telkin etmiştir. Söz konusu geleneğin böyle bir algıyla
biçimlenip yaygınlık kazanması, salavatın Hz. Peygamber’e duyulan sevginin bir
tezahürü görülmesiyle de ilgilidir. Zira Allah sevgisi ve peygamber sevgisi
bütün sevgilerden daha güçlü hissedilmesi istenen birer mükellefiyet olup Allah
sevgisi bağlamında zikrin gördüğü işlevi peygamber sevgisi bağlamında salavat
görmektedir. Diğer taraftan salavata sadece sembolik değer atfedip uygulamaya
bunun ötesinde anlamlar yüklemeyi yanlış görenler de bulunmaktadır. Bu
yaklaşıma göre şimdiki haliyle salavat geleneği, kişiyi atalete ve asıl
sorumluluklarını ihmale sevk eden bir yapıdadır. Ülkemizde yapılan bazı
çalışmalarda “salât” kelimesine bilinen anlamlarından farklı olarak yardım,
destek, görev ve sorumluluk gibi anlamlar verilmesi de bu algıyı destekler
niteliktedir. Kanaatimizce bu yaklaşım, çokça salavat getirmeyi şeklî yönüyle değerlendirmekte,
uygulamanın Hz. Peygamber sevgisi üreten işlevini göz ardı etmektedir. Bu
makale salavatın şerî naslarla ortaya çıkan anlamını, keyfiyetini ve işlevini
tespit etmeyi; bu bağlamda ortaya çıkan uygulama biçimlerinin sünnete uygun
olup olmadığını ele almayı, ayrıca konu hakkında yapılan bazı güncel çalışma ve
eleştirileri de değerlendirmeyi hedeflemektedir.
ЦИФРОВАЯ ПОЧВЕННАЯ КАРТА ВОДОСБОРА РЕКИ СОКОЛОВКА (ТЕРРИТОРИЯ ВЕРХНЕУССУРИЙСКОГО СТАЦИОНАРА ФНЦ БИОРАЗНООБРАЗИЯ ДВО РАН)
Authors: Tereshkina A.A. , Pshenichnikova N.F. , Bugaets A.N. , Golodnaya O.M. , Krasnopeev S.M.
Published: November 2019

В работе приведены предварительные результаты создания цифровой почвенной карты для бассейна р. Правая Соколовка, территории Верхнеуссурийского стационара (ВУС) ФНЦ Биоразнообразия наземной биоты Восточной Азии ДВО РАН 1: 50 000. По природным условиям территория типична для среднегорного пояса, представляет собой характерный низкосреднегорный участок южного СихотэАлиня. Климат района формируется под влиянием восточноазиатского муссона. В качестве топографической основы использована цифровая модель рельефа с пространственным разрешением 30 м (SRTM30), план лесонасаждений Верхнеуссурийского стационара, геологическая карта М 1: 200 000. Основными единицами карты являются почвенные подтипы. Номенклатура почв дана по региональной классификации Г. И. Иванова, выполнена адаптация к современной почвенной классификации Российской Федерации и проведена корреляция с номенклатурой почв Всемирной реферативной базой почвенных ресурсов (WRB). Каждый почвенный ареал включает данные по условиям формирования почв на уровне подтипа. Всего выделено десять подтипов. Показано, что в почвеннорастительном покрове четко выражена вертикальная зональность, представленная двумя почвеннорастительными поясами: горных буротаежных и горноподзолистых почв темнохвойных лесов и поясом горнолесных бурых почв хвойношироколиственных лесов. В поясе темнохвойных лесов в пределах высот 800 1000 м распространены горные ржавоземы грубогумусовые иллювиальногумусированные, составляющие 23,8 от общей площади бассейна. В поясе хвойношироколиственных лесов в основном распространены буроземы (70 от общей площади водосбора). Среди почв пойменных ландшафтов преобладают аллювиальные серогумусовые (дерновые) типичные. На основе информации по генетическим горизонтам создана база данных гидрофизических характеристик почв. По литературным источникам создана база данных физических характеристик почв (гранулометрический состав, глубина, вес, содержание гумуса) по генетическим горизонтам почвенных профилей (45 разрезов). С помощью алгоритмов обработки пространственных данных выполнен анализ численных характеристик морфометрии рельефа (средняя высота, уклон, площадь) почвенных ареалов.

The digital soil map (1: 50 000) of the Right Sokolovka River basin the territory of the Upper Ussurian experimental station of the Centre of Biodiversity of the terrestrial biota of East Asia, FEB RAS. The main map units are soil subtypes. The soil nomenclature is given according to the regional classification, the adaptation to the modern soil classification of the Russian Federation was carried out and correlation with the soil nomenclature by the World Reference Base of Soil Resources was made. The calculation and preliminary analysis of the numerical characteristics of the morphometry of the topography of the soil areas has been performed.
Совершенствование метода контроля уровня подземных вод в эксплуатационных скважинах Камчатского края
Authors: Opryshko B. , Shvetsov V. , Belova E.
Published: November 2019

В соответствии с Водной стратегией Российской Федерации на период до 2020 г., а также с Правилами технической эксплуатации систем и сооружений коммунального водоснабжения и канализации, работники водоканалов должны контролировать статический и динамический уровни подземных вод в работающих водозаборных скважинах. Однако на практике данный контроль фактически не выполняется. Основной причиной является отсутствие на предприятиях современных измерительных приборов, а также специалистов, которые смогли бы провести контроль работы скважины. Цель исследования обоснование необходимости использования современных автоматизированных средств измерения уровня подземных вод на предприятиях водопроводноканализационного хозяйства. Изучены режимы изменения статического и динамического уровней подземных вод в водозаборных скважинах Камчатского края. Результаты исследований показали, что для контроля следует использовать автоматизированные устройства, что позволит снизить трудоемкость работ и транспортные расходы, а также повысить достоверность результатов измерений.

In accordance with the Water Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020, as well as with the Rules for the technical operation of public water supply and sanitation systems and facilities, workers of water utilities must control the static and working groundwater levels in operating water production wells. However, in practice, this control is not actually performed. The main reason is the lack of advanced measuring instruments at the enterprises, as well as specialists who could control the operation of the well. The purpose of the study is to justify the need of using advanced automated means of measuring the level of groundwater at water supply and sanitation facilities. The modes of changing the static and working groundwater levels in the water production wells of the Kamchatka Territory are studied. The research results showed that monitoring shall be carried out with automated devices that will provide for reducing the work labor input and transportation costs as well as for increasing the reliability of the measurement results.
Key Success Factor of t he Timeliness o f t he Regional Housing Project i n Cibubur Indonesia
Authors:   Master Program of Civil Engineering, Universitas Mercu Buana, Jakarta, Indonesia, Hasdian* Elhazri , Bintoro Bambang Purwoko Kusumo ,   Master Program of Civil Engineering, Universitas Mercu Buana, Jakarta, Indonesia., Muin Resmi Bestari ,   Master Program of Civil Engineering, Universitas Mercu Buana, Jakarta, Indonesia., Hasdian Elhamdi ,   Master Program of Urban Planning, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia., Hasan Elvanzari Hasdiana ,   Civil Engineering, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia.
Published: November 2019

A construction project is a form of activity that takes place within a limited period of time, with certain resources to achieve the results of a certain form of building or infrastructure. The success of a project is assessed by the suitability of the schedule, cost and quality planned in the contract. In the implementation of construction projects there are often delays caused by the parties involved or from influencing factors. This study discusses material analysis, labor, and project management on the timeliness of housing projects in the Cibubur Indonesia. Delay in project implementation has an influence on planned budget changes. This research aims to find the dominant factor causing delays in housing projects in the Cibubur Indonesia. This research is a survey research which is a study that takes a sample from a population using questionnaires and interviews as a data collection tool that is distributed to respondents, where the number of respondents is 31 (thirty one) in the Cibubur area housing project. This study concludes that the dominant factors causing delays are as follows: (1) Late delivery of materials, (2) Limited number of workers, (3) Poor project land conditions, (4) Weak project management and implementation by contractors. The cause of the delay can be controlled by using anticipatory and preventive measures. The action was taken to overcome the impact due to the dominant factor that could cause the delay. This research is expected to be beneficial for contractor service business providers and project owners as the housing developer, so that the project can be anticipated and the next project can run according to the planned times.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ARTHROSCOPIC
ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT
RECONSTRUCTION USING BONE PATELLAR
TENDON BONE GRAFT AND HAMSTRING GRAFT
Authors: S. Shivananda , Das Nikhil , Naik Anudeep. N. , Jhamb* Jai Aditya , Nair Anil K
Published: November 2019

INTRODUCTION: ACL reconstruction is probably the most common procedure of the knee in adults in recent times,
and the choice of graft to be used for it is the most important decision to be made during the surgery.Although several
methods of ACL reconstruction exist,the 2 most common procedures done are BTB reconstruction using an autograft of
the middle third of the patellar tendon and reconstruction using a (HT) graft.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the midterm functional outcome of ACL reconstruction using the
bone-patellar tendon-bone graft and hamstring graft.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedics,Kempegowda institute of
medical science and research centre.A total of 40 cases were operated out of whom 20 were operated using arthroscopic
ACL reconstruction using Hamstring graft and other 20 underwent ACLR using Patellar tendon graft.Patients in our study
were assessed by IKDC,Tegners and Lysholm operative scores.
RESULTS- The mean age of the patients in our study was around 29 years. Around 70% of our patients were operated
within 6 months from the time of injury after achieving complete flexion. Evaluation using IKDC, Lyshom and tegner
scoring system showed hamstring graft having statistical significance when compared with BPTB graft, but the
difference between the groups was not clinically appreciable.
CONCLUSIONS: ACL reconstruction by either hamstring tendon graft or bone patellar tendon graft gives equally
satisfactory results.But complications in the form of anterior knee pain were noted in BPTB group
CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT OF
SIGNIFICANT EXTRA-DURAL HAEMATOMA :
CASES AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Kadlas Dilraj , Kinjalk Meghna
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVE: Study of natural history of significant extra dural haematoma resolution.
BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury is one of the leading causes of death. There are various modes of injury like
road traffic accident, assault, fall and others.The traumatic brain injury can range from scalp laceration to intracranial
haemorrhage.The line of management is decided upon considering several factors like age, co morbidities, Glasgow
coma scale neurodeficiency,CT scan findings,other associated injury.
CASE REPORT: A 24-year-old gentleman sustained head injury following road traffic accident. CT scan (head) was
suggestive of extradural haematoma.Patient was subjected to decompressive craniotomy and evacuation of extra dural
haematoma. On 2nd post-operative day, CT Scan (head) was done which was suggestive of right frontal and right
posterior parietal extra dural haematoma. The relatives did not give consent for surgery .Conservative management
was done. Patient improved and haematoma resolved. A 42 year old male presented to the emergency with history of
head injury . CT Scan was suggestive of extra dural haematoma. Conservative management was done as surgery was
refused by the relatives.Patient was monitored.Patient was asymptomatic after discharge and during follow up period.
CONCLUSION:We report two unusual cases of extradural haematoma with a good outcome and uneventful follow up
period.
EFFICACY OF LATERAL WEDGING IN FOOTWEAR IN MEDIAL COMPARTMENT
OSTEOARTHRITIS KNEE
Authors: Badhal Suman , Singh U. , Yadav S. L , Handa Gita
Published: November 2019

INTRODUCTION: In Knee osteoarthritis (OA) Shoe modifications, such as lateral-wedge insoles or shock absorbing
shoes with insoles, have been recommended for conservative therapy of mild knee OA but with little objective data on
Indian patients.
OBJECTIVE : this prospective study was done to study the effect of lateral heel sole wedging (insole) in the patients of
OA of knee (medial compartment) and its relation to function,pain and stiffness parameters status on VAS and WOMAC
scale and to see the requirement of the number of Aceclofenac tablets.
METHODS: 60 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled and divided into intervention group A (30) and
nonintervention Group B (30) with random allocation.Paired t-test,Wilcoxon sign rank test and Man Whitney U test were
applied at significant p-value of <0.05%.
RESULTS: the reduction of mean difference in pain on VAS and WOMAC scale, improvement in Mean difference in
function parameters the mean reduction of pain in standing/ walking,bending and ascending/descending at WOMAC
scale was significantly higher in intervention group. Also the mean reduction in the need for aceclofenac was
significantly lower in intervention group evident from fourth week onward to fifth and sixth week.Conclusion:The lateral
wedging in shoes in medial joint osteoarthritis is beneficial and it can be cost-effective conservative treatment
modalities in early osteoarthritis patients, particularly in developing countries as it can reduces the requirement of
NSAIDS and improve functional level of patients by reducing pain in various activities.
Conclusive analysis and cause of the flyby anomaly
Authors: Guruprasad V.
Published: November 2019

JPL’s own data correlate to 1% NEAR and Rosetta trajectory discrepancies to an unexpected doubling of path times in phase locked tracking. NEAR’s radar residuals illustrate the doubling to 5σ. Analysis of these and other NASA-tracked flybys shows that a distance sensitive anomalous signal generally exists.

(Presented at IEEE NAECON 2019)