bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using data to explore trends in bridge performance
Authors: Bennetts J , Webb G T , Vardanega P J , Denton S R , Loudon N
Published: April 2018

Asset management organisations collect large quantities of data on the inventory, condition and maintenance of their bridge structures. A key objective in the collection of these asset data is that these can be processed into useful information that can inform best practice for the design of new structures and the management of existing stocks. As a leading bridge asset owner, Highways England, UK, is applying insights from mining of its asset data to contribute to continual improvement in the management of structures and its understanding of their performance. This paper presents the application of modern data science tools and optimal decision tree learning to Highways England’s asset information database comprising bridge inventory, inspection records and historic and current defects for its stock of thousands of bridges. Trends are observed in the factors affecting the current condition of bridges and their rate of deterioration. Optimal decision trees are used to identify the most influential factors in the performance of bridge structures and present complex multifactor trends in a format readily digested by managers and decision makers, to inform standards and policy.
Incidence, Risk Factors, and Sequelae of Post-kidney Transplant Delirium
Authors: Haugen Christine E. , Mountford Alexandra , Warsame Fatima , Berkowitz Rachel , Bae Sunjae , G. Thomas Alvin , Brown Charles H. , Brennan Daniel C. , Neufeld Karin J. , Carlson Michelle C. , Segev Dorry L. , McAdams-DeMarco Mara
Published: April 2018

Background Frail kidney transplant (KT) recipients may be particularly vulnerable to surgical stressors, resulting in delirium and subsequent adverse outcomes. We sought to identify the incidence, risk factors, and sequelae of post-KT delirium.

Methods We studied 125,304 adult KT recipients (1999–2014) to estimate delirium incidence in national registry claims. Additionally, we used a validated chart abstraction algorithm to identify post-KT delirium in 893 adult recipients (2009–2017) from a cohort study of frailty. Delirium sequelae were identified using adjusted logistic regression (length of stay ≥2 weeks and institutional discharge [skilled nursing or rehabilitation facility]) and adjusted Cox regression (death-censored graft loss and mortality).

Results Only 0.8% of KT recipients had a delirium claim. In the cohort study, delirium incidence increased with age (18–49 years old: 2.0%; 50–64 years old: 4.6%; 65–75 years old: 9.2%; and ≥75 years old: 13.8%) and frailty (9.0% versus 3.9%); 20.0% of frail recipients aged ≥75 years old experienced delirium. Frailty was independently associated with delirium (odds ratio [OR], 2.05; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.02 to 4.13; P=0.04), but premorbid global cognitive function was not. Recipients with delirium had increased risks of ≥2-week length of stay (OR, 5.42; 95% CI, 2.76 to 10.66; P<0.001), institutional discharge (OR, 22.41; 95% CI, 7.85 to 63.98; P<0.001), graft loss (hazard ratio [HR], 2.73; 95% CI, 1.14 to 6.53; P=0.03), and mortality (HR, 3.12; 95% CI, 1.76 to 5.54; P<0.001).

Conclusions Post-KT delirium is a strong risk factor for subsequent adverse outcomes, yet it is a clinical entity that is often missed.
Motivational predictors of the efficiency of project and productive organizations
Authors: Leonova A.B. , Sultanova F.R.
Published: April 2018

This paper investigates psychological predictors of the efficiency of project and product organizations. We used conceptual model of H. Moon and colleagues as a methodological basis. 203 employees of six organizations took part in the empirical study. Hierarchical linear regression analysis revealed prognostic models of the efficacy with non-identical complex of predictors for production (R2=0,455; p=0,0001) and project organizations (R2=0,701; p=0,0001). It was found that the characteristics of organizational level have a bigger predicting ability of efficiency of organizations, rather than individual working activity. It was found that the success of project organizations depends on the complexity and significance of the content of the personal’s activity. The complex of predictors of the efficiency of product organizations includes: organizational experience, motivational orientation towards autonomy, psychological climate. These results can be used to ameliorate the efficiency of the organizations, aiming to impact the psychological resources of the employees.
High serum iron and zinc decrease glutathione S-transferase among women with breast cancer
Authors: Roestijawati Nendyah , Ernawati Dwi Arini , Krisnansari Diah
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUNDBreast cancer in Indonesia ranks second as the most common cancer found in women after cervical cancer. Tumor cells express increased levels of antioxidant proteins to detoxify reactive oxygen species (ROS). Glutathione S-transferase (GST) is known to play a key role in the detoxification and reduction of ROS. Trace elements have nutritional benefits as essential cofactors for physiologic processes, but some can be toxic to humans. Accumulated evidence suggests that deficiency or excess of certain trace elements may be associated with risk of chronic diseases including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancer. The aim of this research was to determine the correlation of the trace elements iron and zinc with the oxidative stress level of GST activity in women with breast cancer.METHODSAn observational analytic study with cross sectional design was conducted involving 35 breast cancer women. Research subjects were women with breast cancer diagnosed by biopsy. Measurements of iron and zinc levels were performed using atomic absorption spectrometry, GST activity was measured using spectrophotometry. Data analysis was done with the Pearson correlation test.RESULTSThe results showed that there was a significant relationship of serum iron with GST (r=-0.487; p<0.05) and serum zinc with GST (r=-0.409; p<0.01).CONCLUSIONOur study demonstrated that the higher zinc and iron level, the lower GST level among breast cancer women. It is recommended to use zinc, iron and GST levels as biomarkers for breast cancer and its progression.
Intermittent fasting decreases oxidative stress parameters in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Nurmasitoh Titis , Utami Shindy Yudha , Kusumawardani Endah , Najmuddin Abdulhalim Ahmad , Fidianingsih Ika
Published: April 2018

BackgroundChronic and degenerative diseases are closely related to modern lifestyles that tend to be deficient in physical activity but excessive in food intake. One method used to overcome this problem is dietary restriction through intermittent fasting. Intermittent fasting decreases the risk of chronic and degenerative diseases, e.g. by lowering oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can be determined from the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and lipid profile in the blood. The present study aimed to determine the effect of intermittent fasting on plasma MDA levels and lipid profile of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus).MethodsThis research was a laboratory experimental research using a post test control group design. Twenty four male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly assigned to 4 groups, ie control group (C), fasting group (F), non-fasting obese group (NFO), and fasting obese group (FO). Fasting treatment given in this research was intermittent fasting, comprising one day of fasting for 12 hours alternating with one day of normal feed ad libitum in the span of 8 weeks. After completion of treatment, blood was taken transcardially for examination of MDA levels and lipid profiles using spectrophotometry.ResultsThere were significant between-group differences in MDA levels and lipid profiles (p<0.05 for all parameters). Groups treated with intermittent fasting had lower levels of MDA, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and ow-density lipoprotein (LDL) than those without intermittent fasting. The high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were higher in the intermittent fasting group than the other groups.ConclusionIntermittent fasting has an effect on the oxidative stress parameters of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus).
Pharmacoeconomic analysis of drug expenditure in government medical college and hospital, Vijayawada, India
Authors: Reddy Y. Bala Suresh Kumar , K. Sankar
Published: April 2018

Background: To conduct economic analysis in tertiary care hospital with a view to identify the categories of drugs needing stringent management control.Methods: The annual consumption and expenditure data is obtained from the drug store of government general hospital, Vijayawada, for the period of April 2015 to March 2016. ABC-VED analysis of the drugs are done based on cost and criticality criteria respectively. ABC-VED matrix analysis was done to classify drugs into category I, II, III.Results: The total annual drug expenditure incurred on 299 drug items for the year 2015-2016 was found to be Rs:4,47,04,446. On ABC analysis, 4%, 9.36%, 86.64% of drugs were found to be Always, Better, and Control category items respectively, amounting to 68.92%, 20.05%, 11.03% of annual drug expenditure. VED analysis showed that 32.10%, 45.5%, 22.4% of drug items were Vital, Essential, and Desirable category items respectively, amounting to 35.3%, 37.1%, 27.6% of annual drug expenditure respectively. By ABC-VED matrix analysis, 34.11%, 46.49%, 19.4% of drug items were found to be category I (high stringent), II (medium stringent), III (low stringent) respectively, amounting to 80.76%, 17.46%, 1.77% of annual drug expenditure respectively.Conclusions: The study identified 34.11% of drug items belonging to category I which require high priority monitoring. Inventory management tools must be routinely used for the better control and judicious use of the resources.
Drug utilization pattern in pregnancy at a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry: a cross sectional observational study
Authors: Selvaraj Nitya , Sekar Anugraha , Gandhi Ramya , Jayabalan Nalinidevi , Ganesan Suganya , Raja Mohammad Meher Ali
Published: April 2018

Background: Drug utilization pattern in pregnancy population provide insights regarding drug profile and interventional measures and also minimizes the inherent risk occurring due to unethical prescription.Methods: It was a prospective cross sectional study where prescription slips were collected. Further drugs were categorized according to the classification defined by US Food and drug Administration for pregnancy. Using Pre validated questionnaire the pregnant women were interviewed and parameters regarding knowledge about antenatal visit and contraception, self-medication practices were noted.Results: Among the total 365 participants, 81.4% had finish their high schooling and were in reproductive age group of 22-25. Study revealed predominant usage category- A drugs in I (95.5%), II (97.8%), III (96.4%) trimester. None of them received Category D or X drugs. Almost 100% and 98.6% in III and II trimester respectively received iron. Other drugs prescribed were calcium, anti-emetics, anti-ulcer, NSAIDS and antimicrobial. The awareness about Intra Uterine Contraceptive Devices and Oral Contraceptive Pills were 48.2% and 31.5% respectively. Unfortunately only 4.9% felt that drug use could be dangerous to foetus. 58.9% were aware about antenatal examination during pregnancy.Conclusions: Evaluation of drug utilization pattern periodically will minimize incidence of risk to foetus and mother during pregnancy.
A comparative analysis of hydrochlorothiazide and chlorthalidone induced hyponatremia at the dose commonly prescribed in clinical practice
Authors: Kishore Mishra Sura , Panda Abinash
Published: April 2018

Background: Despite the differences in cardiovascular outcomes, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, the diuretics, chlorthalidone (CTD) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) are often considered as interchangeable. There is an on-going debate whether CTD should be preferred over HCTZ, because it appears to be more effective in the prevention of cardiovascular events. The relative difference in the incidence of hypokalemia and hyponatremia, is also a topic of debate. With this background, the study was carried out to compare the prevalence of hyponatremia between CTD and HCTZ used in the treatment of hypertension at the dose commonly prescribed in clinical practice.Methods: This was a cross sectional study carried out on a convenience sample of 74 adult patients with provisional diagnosis of hyponatremia or with a plasma sodium level of less than 135mmol/L and having a history of anti-hypertensive use of HTCZ or CTD in the dose range of 12.5-25mg/day and 6.25-12.5mg/day respectively. Chi square test and independent samples ‘t’ test were used analyse the results in GraphPad Prism 6.0.Results: HCTZ was found to be the preferred diuretic in hypertension, whereas CTD was preferred in the age group of 65-74 years. The symptoms indicative of hyponatremia as well as a lower plasma sodium level were more common in the HTCZ treated group. Patients of hypertension using CTD were less predisposed to hyponatremia (OR 0.804, 95% CI 0.207-3.12).Conclusions: Chlorthalidone, when used at a lower dose of 6.25-12.5mg/day for the treatment of hypertension cause a lesser risk of hyponatremia than hydrochlorothiazide.
The comparison of clinical efficacy of formoterol and fluticasone versus salmeterol and fluticasone in patients of bronchial asthma
Authors: Rattu Akashdeep , Kaur Inderpal , Goel Ashok , Chand Kajal Nirmal
Published: April 2018

Background: Fixed-dose combinations of Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and Long acting beta agonist (LABA) are established and widely used treatment for bronchial asthma when ICSs as monotherapy are ineffective. This study attempted to compare the efficacy of salmeterol and fluticasone with formoterol (newer LABA) and fluticasone in patients of bronchial asthma.Methods: An open label, randomized, prospective, parallel and comparative study of eight-week duration was conducted on 80 patients of bronchial asthma, with the collaboration of Department of pharmacology and Department of Tuberculosis and Chest Diseases Hospital, Government medical college, Amritsar. Patients in Group A were treated with 2 actuations of Formoterol and Fluticasone (6/125µg) twice daily and group B patients were treated with 2 actuations of Salmeterol and Fluticasone (50/125µg) twice daily for 8 weeks with metered dose inhaler (MDI). Patients in group A and B were assessed on day zero, 4 weeks and 8 weeks for clinical assessment and computerized spirometry for FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC and PEFR.Results: In group A mean±SD of FEV1 statistically significantly increased (<0.001) after eight week of therapy (1.50±0.12) from its baseline values (1.34±0.11). Similarly, in group B mean ± SD of FEV1 statistically significantly increased (<0.001) after eight weeks (1.48±0.13) from its baseline values (1.36±0.12). There was statistically significant (<0.001) improvement in other parameters of spirometry in patients of both the groups.Conclusions: It was observed that both the combination of Fluticasone + Formoterol and Fluticasone + Salmeterol are effective in the treatment of bronchial asthma.
Prescribing pattern of oral anti-diabetic agents in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Sharma Taruna , Sahai Rajit , Bala Suman , Dhasmana Dilip C. , Kaeley Nidhi
Published: April 2018

Background: Prescription pattern studies are a tool for assessing the prescribing, dispensing and distribution of medicines. The main aim of assessing prescribing pattern is to facilitate rational use of medicines. So the main aim of the study was to assess the prescribing pattern of oral anti-diabetic agents in type 2 diabetes mellitus, to assess the rationality of the prescribed drugs and also to assess the pattern of co-morbid conditions associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology in collaboration with Department of General Medicine. Study was conducted from 1st June 2016 to 31st Aug 2016 (3 months). A total of 100 patients were enrolled after taking written informed consent. A structured case recording form was used to record demographic details and prescription details. The rationality of prescriptions was assessed using American Diabetes Association guidelines 2015.Results: Majority of the patients were prescribed combination therapy (54%) followed by monotherapy (46%). Oral anti-diabetic agents used as monotherapy other than metformin were inappropriate. Among the patients receiving combination therapy majority were receiving a fixed dose combination which were inappropriate.Conclusions: Majority of the patients were receiving fixed dose combinations without justifiable pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic benefits. Such kinds of studies are required to improve rationality of prescription of drugs, decreasing morbidity and mortality of patients and decreasing the cost of treatment.
Assessment of oxidative stress in breast cancer patients: a hospital based study
Authors: Bhattacharjee Jagruti , Jogdand Sangita , Shinde R. K. , Goswami Sourav
Published: April 2018

Background: Oxidative stress occurs as a result of the disturbance in the balance between the production of reactive oxygen species (free radicals) and antioxidant defenses. This is regarded as a possible etilogical factor in production of breast carcinoma, which is the most cmmon cancer among the females both globally as well as in India. Oxidative stress also plays an important role in progression of cancer breast. This study was conducted to compare the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in breast cancer patients and normal age matched female participants.Methods: This study was conducted in AVBR Hospital, Sawangi (Meghe) among 30 female breast cancer patients admitted in the surgery ward for treatment after being diagnosed with the disease, who attended the hospital from July 2016 to June 2017. Breast cancer patients of stage I and II were included in the study. Patients suffering from any other diseases apart from breast cancer like diabetes, hypertension, thyroid illnesses and other sort of cancers are excluded from the study. For each of the study participant, age and sex matched controls were selected who were mostly the relatives of patients attending the hospital and were devoid of any illnesses. Venous blood sample was collected from all the patients as well as the controls that were used for determination of the levels of SOD (superoxide dismutase) and MDA (malondialdehyde). Written informed consent was taken from all the study participants before drawing the blood samples.Results: Authors have measured the markers of oxidative stress in breast cancer patients after diagnosis of breast cancer and compared theses blood levels with those of the controls. The mean MDA (nmol/ml) levels for the breast cancer patients and the controls were 26.14 and 15.83 respectively, while the SOD (U/gm Hb) levels were 0.12 and 0.16 respectively and the difference of the mean were statistically significant (p value <0.01).Conclusions: There is presence of increased oxidative stress in breast cancer patients as compared to the healthy controls.
Prescribing trends of HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors in outdoor patients at tertiary care teaching hospital of central India: a retrospective observational study
Authors: T. Bhagwate Sudharam , S. Harwani Renuka , S. Jeswani Dheeraj , N. Yalgundee Sagar , Warbhe Rupesh A.
Published: April 2018

Background: To analyze the prescribing patterns of statins a hypolipidemic agents by using HMIS database in outdoor patients at tertiary care teaching hospital of central India.Methods: In this retrospective study Using HMIS database, 1000 prescriptions were analyzed for statin use for various WHO prescription indicators using ATC code of statins, the ratio of prescribed daily dose (PDD) and defined daily dose (DDD) was calculated.Results: Atorvastatin was the only statin which was prescribed as monotherapy (61.1%), whereas as combination with aspirin (38.9%). While analyzing the prescriptions, it was found that patients having abnormal lipid profiles (51.8%) and normal lipid profiles (48.2%) were prescribed atorvastatin. Hypertension with diabetes (37%) was the most common disease followed by hypertension (21.2%) and diabetes mellitus (21%) for which atorvastatin was prescribed. The average number of drugs per prescription were 3.8±1.65.Conclusions: This study depicts the use of atorvastatin in various disease conditions, both as primary and secondary preventive measures. There was no polypharmacy. Such studies should be done to educate the physicians on good prescribing practices and to rationalize use of hypolipidemic drugs.
A fixed dose combination of ofloxacin and ornidazole induced fixed drug eruptions
Authors: Manchukonda Ravi Shankar , Thippeswamy Chandrakantha
Published: April 2018

Fixed drug eruptions (FDEs) may account for 16-21% of all cutaneous drug eruptions. Recent research suggests a cell-mediated process that initiates both the active and quiescent lesions. The major categories of causative agents of fixed drug eruption include antibiotics, antiepileptics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, sildenafil, and phenothiazines, although numerous other agents and certain foods such as cashews and licorice have also been reported as causative agents. A 38 year old male presented to the dermatology OPD with hyperpigmented and erythematous macular eruptions on the neck, chest, right arm, left scapular region, left wrist and left knee. The eruptions were associated with burning sensation and itching. He informed having taken medications for gastroenteritis the night before. The medications were Ofloxacin and Ornidazole (FDC), Omeprazole and Domperidone (FDC) and Paracetamol. He gave a history of a similar event, a year ago, with the same antimicrobial combination (Ofloxacin and Ornidazole), although the macular eruptions were restricted to the neck, arm and knee with bleb formation and severe burning sensation. Since the macular eruptions reoccurred, although with extra regions being affected, a diagnosis of FDEs was made. The most probable cause for these FDEs seems to be FDC of Ofloxacin and Ornidazole, because the patient gives history of taking Omeprazole and Paracetamol before without any FDEs. According to Naranjo’s Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Scale, the FDC of Ofloxacin and Ornidazole is a definite cause for the FDEs. (Score = 9).
Efficacy of platelet rich fibrin in myringoplasty
Authors: Sharma Disha , Mohindroo Shobha , Azad Ramesh K.
Published: April 2018

Background: Myringoplasty involves repair of tympanic membrane perforation with an autologous graft.The aim was to compare between myringoplasty with PRF and myringoplasty without fibrin.

Methods: This study was conducted from July 2016 to June 2017,100 patients were taken. In 50 patients platelet rich fibrin was placed over graft and external auditory canal during myringoplasty and 50 without PRF.  

Results: It was seen in the study that PRF improves overall success rate of myringoplasty study and there was significant improvement in ABG at 500 hz, 1000 hz, 2000 hz frequencies.

Conclusions: The higher success rate of myringoplasty with PRF was seen as compared to myringoplasty without fibrin. There were no noticeable side effects.
Formación de profesores para una educación matemática en y para la diversidad
Authors: Aldana Bermúdez Eliécer , Gutiérrez Zuluaga Heiller , Wagner Osorio Graciela
Published: April 2018

Este artículo tiene como propósito presentar una investigación a partir de un proceso de formación de profesores en educación matemática que atienden poblaciones con deficit cognitivo (Síndrome Down), limitación auditiva o baja visión, y sordera o hipoacúsicos. La formación de profesores se asume teóricamente desde el enfoque ontosemiótico (Godino, Batanero y Font, 2007); las trayectorias de aprendizaje (Clements, y Sarama, 2009 y Simon ,1995); los registros de representación semiótica (Duval, 2004); las situaciones didácticas (Brousseau, 2004), y el conocimiento didáctico del contenido matemático de poblaciones en contextos culturales (Shulman, 1986). La metodología es cualitativa interpretativa, (Medina y Castillo, 2003), porque es un método para observar comportamiento de los profesores y estudiantes, el estudio se realizó con un grupo de 25 profesionales y docentes de apoyo, mediante un proceso de investigación-acción, para lo cual se diseñó un plan, actuación, observación y reflexión de la investigación. Los resultados avizoran de una parte, el grado de motivación generada en los profesionales que atienden estas poblaciones y de otra ofrecerles herramientas para que ellos puedan facilitar el aprendizaje a estos estudiantes y lograr de esta manera una educación matemática en y para la diversidad como puerta de entrada a una educación inclusiva.
Review: Accelerated Opportunity Education Models and Practices
Authors: Kureishy Salman
Published: April 2018

a review
Saussure en el discurso del Instituto de Filología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires
Authors: Battista Emiliano
Published: April 2018

La crítica acuerda en otorgar un valor simbólico a la publicación del Curso de lingüística general (1916) de Saussure (Benveniste, 1980; Koerner, 1982; Thibault, 1997; Engler, 2004; Joseph, 2012), pues considera que los postulados fundacionales y las asunciones epistemológicas de la obra han conllevado sustanciales modificaciones en el desarrollo moderno de la disciplina. El surgimiento de la lingüística en Argentina a partir de la creación del Instituto de Filología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires no estuvo ajeno a la impronta epistemológica de corte saussureano. En sintonía con el clima de opinión de la época (Becker, 1971) —signado por el debate entre positivismo e idealismo como dos perspectivas antagónicas para el estudio del lenguaje—, la actividad del Instituto durante su etapa de emergencia y consolidación (1922-1946) procuró evaluar (e incorporar) los aportes de las teorías lingüísticas contemporáneas. Así, en determinadas intervenciones de Manuel de Montolíu (1926a, 1926b) y Amado Alonso (1928, 1932, 1943, 1945) —dos directores del organismo— podemos relevar una primera recepción y (eventual) difusión del Curso. Específicamente, estos dos filólogos españoles en principio asimilaron en clave de modernización científica el pensamiento saussureano, pues consideraron que era representativo de una visión espiritualista del lenguaje; luego, en sucesivas contribuciones, Alonso practicó nuevas lecturas e interpretaciones de la obra hasta que, en 1945, cuando prologó la traducción española que él mismo efectuó, dejó bien en claro que el Curso encarnaba, a su criterio, la consagración del positivismo.
MODEL LEARNING CYCLE 5E DALAM PEMBELAJARAN FLUIDA DINAMIS DI SMA (KAJIAN PADA KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS DAN HASIL BELAJAR)
Authors: Isnani Habibah Zilul , Indrawati Indrawati , Subiki Subiki
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis research focused on the implementation of Learning Cycle 5E model indynamic fluid learning to students in grade XI. This research aimed to describe thescience process skills during use Learning Cycle 5E model and to determine theeffects of it to students’ cognitive achievement. The type of the research wasexperimental using post-test only control group design. Population were students ofclass XI MIPA in SMAN 2 Jember. Sample based on homogeneity test were class XIMIPA 1 as experiment class and XI MIPA 2 as control class. Data of science processskills was collected by using observation and students worksheet documentation.Science process skills was analyzed as descriptive with percentage analysis. Data ofstudents cognitive achievements were collected by using score of post-test. Theinfluence of Learning Cycle 5E model to students achievement was analyzed with ttest using SPSS 24. The results showed that the percentage of science process skillsin class XI MIPA 1 was 94,5%. There was a significant difference of students’cognitive achievement in experiment class and control class. This research can beconcluded: (1) students’ science process skill during learning process was very good;(2) the model significantly influenced to students’ cognitive achievement of dynamicfluid at grade XI MIPA 1 in SMAN 2 Jember .Key word: Learning Cycle 5E model, science process skills, student achievement.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL FISIKA BERBASIS POTENSI LOKAL “BATIK LUMBUNG DAN TAHU TAMANAN” UNTUK SISWA SMA DI KECAMATAN TAMANAN BONDOWOSO (MATERI SUHU DAN KALOR)
Authors: Agustin Putri Utami Wulandari , Wahyuni Sri , Bachtiar Rayendra Wahyu
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this research was to develop and described the validity ofPhysics Module Based on Local Potential “Batik Lumbung and Tahu Tamanan” forHigh School Students Tamanan Bondowoso Subdistrict (Material of Temperature andHeat) and described students response toward the module. The design of this researchwas 4D development. The descriptive percentage was used to analyze the modulevalidity. The average of the module from the expert based on didactic, constructionand technical aspect was 94.34%. It was categorized as Very Valid or usable withoutRevision. The average of the module from the user based on format and languageaspect was 93.75%. It was categorized as Very Valid or usable without Revision. Thevalidity of the audience for cognitive aspect was 74.5% and 73.61% for psychomotoraspect. The module was Quite Valid or Usable but Needs to be Revised Small. Basedon the affective aspect, it was categorized as Very Valid or usable without Revisionwith the average score 89.65%. The utilization of the Physics module in learning gotthe positive response from the students with 91.05% in percentage. Physics modulebased on local potential was good and appropriate as the alternative for learningmaterial.Keyword: local potential, module, response, validity
Revenue Generation Aspects That Influence Financial Sustainability of Public Water Utilities in Kenya: The Case of Homa Bay Water and Sewerage Company Limited
Authors: Akinyi Agwa Maryline , Odundo Paul A.
Published: April 2018

Water sector reforms entrenched commercialization of water services and necessitated establishment of autonomous public utilities to cushion poor citizens from high market prices and guarantee access to water. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate how well the utility prepared its revenue generation operations to achieve financial sustainability in the commercialized water market. A cross-sectional design, with mixed methods approach, was applied, and primary data sourced in mid-2017 from water officers, users and committee members. Quantitative analysis techniques included cross-tabulation with Chi square statistic, Relative Importance Index and Kendall’s Coefficient of Concordance. The results show that non-revenue water was the most important aspect of revenue generation influencing the utility’s financial sustainability (relative weight = 0.879); followed by efficiency of the billing system (relative weight = 0.866); efficiency of revenue collection (relative weight = 0.853); and unaccounted for water (relative weight = 0.790). A strong and significant concordance of views expressed by different respondents implied that the revenue generation pillar was not adequately set to enable the utility achieve financial sustainability in the commercialized water market (Kendall’s W= 0.893, χ2 = 71.222, df = 4 & ρ-value = 0.000). The study amplifies need for the utility to control non-revenue and unaccounted for water; forge active partnership with community administrative structures and groups for early detection and reporting of physical leakages, pilferage and defective metering equipment; among other measures.
BENTUK DAN MAKNA MEME BERBAHASA ARAB DALAM MEDIA SOSIAL INSTAGRAM SHUWARUN MUDHCHIKATUN
Authors: Arifuddin Astarini Arlita Sari,
Published: April 2018

This paper examines the forms of Arabic meme based on lingual and visual aspect and meaning of rage face in social media InstagramShuwarun Mudhchikatun. The data used in this paper are taken from social media InstagramShuwarun Mudhchikatun in the period June - July 2015. This research applied qualitative research methods which divided into three steps. First, collecting data through observation method with uninvolved conversation observation technique and noting technique. Second, analyzing data by distribution method with direct segmenting constituents technique and taxonomy technique. Third, presenting data by informal technique. This research concludes that the forms of Arabic meme in social media InstagramShuwarun Mudhchikatunbased is divided to lingual and visual aspect. The lingual aspect consists of word, phrase, clause, and sentence. In addition, form of combination grammatical units such as word and phrase, phrase and word, phrase and clause, and phrase and sentence. Form of Arabic meme based on the visual aspect found consist of icon, icon and index, icon and symbol, and icon, index, and symbol. As for the meaning of rage face in social media InstagramShuwarun Mudhchikatunconsistof five meaning. They arejoy, sadness, anger, surprise and neutral.
KONTRIBUSI SYAIR ACHMAD SYAUQI BAGI PERKEMBANGAN ANAK
Authors: Eva Farhah Annisa Mutiara Rj,
Published: April 2018

This research tries to find the text structure and also the personal and educational values of a children poem by Achmad Syauqi (1868-1932 M) entitled “Sulaimān wath-Thāwūs”. The theory used is Michael Riffaterre’s semiotic. It is a discipline which studies system, rules, and conversions which enables to see the meaning of the sign. The method used is descriptive qualitative, which explains data in form of word, phrases, sentences, or expressions in the text. Not only that this research also reveals the personal and educational values of the text. In this case the purpose of this research is first, to explain the poem’s text structure and second, to reveal the personal and educational values as contribution to children poems. It is found that the text structure of “Sulaimān wath-Thāwūs”  has a single relation between elements so it gives a clear meaning. The personal and educational values given in the text “Sulaimān wath-Thāwūs” includes emotional growth, intelligent, imaginations, ethical and religious growth, exploration, language, aesthetic values and reading habit.
KESALAHAN GRAMATIKA BAHASA ARAB PADA TULISAN MAHASISWA PRODI SASTRA ARAB UGM
Authors: Masrukhi Moh.
Published: April 2018

Error in the language occurs due to speakers or learners already have rules of grammar  different from other grammars being studied. An impact arises on the imperfection or inability of speakers implying the use of the language. This article will reveal the errors that arise as a result of the lack of dominance of the rules of the language being studied. The goal is to find out on what level the error occurred. This research data is taken from the final examination of the subjects of Arabic Text Review Semester I and Semester III students of Arabic. Further data is analyzed by utilizing existing Arabic structure concept or theory. The result is that these learners' language errors occur both on the lexicon, Arabic phrase and as well in Arabic clauses. From the results of this study can be argued that to avoid language errors, grammatical mastery or grammar of a second language requires a lot of practice, both written and oral.
KAJIAN SOSIODIALEKTOLOGI BAHASA MASYARAKAT HADRAMIY (STUDI KASUS MASYARAKAT INDONESIA KETURUNAN ARAB DI PASAR KLIWON SURAKARTA)
Authors: Muhammad Ridwan Hanifah Nida’uljanah,
Published: April 2018

This research examines the genetic relationship and separating time of language used by generation of Arab in Pasar Kliwon Surakarta along Arabic language. The data source of this research is Hadramy community in Arabic Department Universitas Sebelas Maret and group of pupils of Hadramy generation studying in SMA Islam Diponegoro Surakarta. The collecting data was done by talking technique and calling up the questions, and continued by noting and recording data. The analyzing data used phonetic equalizing method. The results of the research reveal, first, Pasar Kliwon’n language has historic relationship to Arabic language. The research finds 136 couple words that have genetic relationship among 200 Swadesh used vocabularies, or 68% among them. It clear to be concluded that relationship occurred between two variants of that language. Second, the separating time of language was predicted taking place in 1011 to 1207 (counted from 2017).
KEBEBASAN WANITA PADA TEKS “WARDAH AL-HĀNĪ”(1908) DALAM ANTOLOGI CERPEN “AL-ARWĀH AL-MUTAMARRIDAH” KARYA JUBRĀN KHALĪL JUBRĀN (KAJIAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA)
Authors: Tri Yanti Nurul Hidayati Mufidah Nuruddiniyah,
Published: April 2018

Women and emancipation are two things that can not be separated, both are like two sides  of the same coin. One form of women's emancipation is a freedom of determining a spouse. This research aims to describe the several forms of women's freedom of determining a spouse in short story of Kahlil Gibran entitled Wardah Al Hānī based on literary sociology theory of Rene Wellek and Austin Warren. The methodology used to realize that aim is descriptive qualitative. The results reveal that women's freedom of determining a spouse is divided into two perspectives, one relates to the opinion of the character in a story and other determined by his behaviors. In the first side, the character has an opinion that the real happiness in the life only can be brought by love. So, she must choose the man she loved. And in another side, the women's freedom is shown by the way she left her legal husband and went to the other beloved man to make her happiness life.

 
Arka Ayaktaki Pronasyon Artışının Fiziksel Performans Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Karartı Caner , Bilgin Sevil , Büyükturan Öznur , Büyükturan Buket
Published: April 2018

Amaç: Arka ayaktaki pronasyon artışı
ayağın biyomekaniğini bozarak,
kişilerin spor yapma, uzun süre ayakta kalma ve yürüme gibi
günlük aktivitelerini ve fiziksel uygunluğunu etkileyebilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın
amacı genç yetişkinlerde arka ayakta pronasyon artışıyla fiziksel performans
arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 18 ile 25
yaş arası 64 sağlıklı genç yetişkin, gönüllü olarak dahil edildi. Çalışmaya katılan
bireylerin demografik bilgileri kaydedilerek arka ayak pronasyonu navikular
düşme testi ile değerlendirildi. Bireylerin fiziksel performansları ise dikey
sıçrama testi, side step testi ve mekik koşu testi ile değerlendirildi. Arka
ayak pronasyonu ile fiziksel performans arasındaki ilişkinin
değerlendirilmesinde Spearman Korelasyon Analizi kullanıldı. İstatistiksel
anlamlılık değeri p<0.05 olarak kabul edildi.Bulgular: Navikular
düşme testi
ile side step testi ve mekik koşu testi arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p
<0.05). Bireylerde arka ayaktaki pronasyon şiddeti arttıkça side step
testi ve mekik koşu testi performanslarının kötüleştiği görülmüştür. Navikular
düşme testi ile dikey sıçrama testi arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir
ilişki bulunmamıştır.Sonuçlar: Arka ayak pronasyonunun artması  bireylerin sıçrama ve koşu gibi fiziksel
performanslarını olumsuz etkilemektedir. 
Genç yetişkinlerde sıklıkla görülen artmış pronasyonun ilerlemesinin
erken dönemde önlenmesi ve ileride oluşabilecek muskuloskeletal anomalilerin ve
fiziksel performanstaki düşüşlerin en aza indirilmesi, koruyucu programlarda
ele alınması gereken önemli bir konudur.

Anahtar
Kelimeler: arka ayak pronasyonu, fiziksel performans, navikular düşme testi
Heritability of Simulated Wear and Traffic Tolerance in Three Fine Fescue Species
Authors: Grimshaw Austin L. , Qu Yuanshuo , Meyer William A. , Watkins Eric , Bonos Stacy A.
Published: April 2018

In recent years, turfgrass breeders have given increased attention to the development of lower maintenance turfgrass cultivars. Fine fescues (Festuca spp.) have been identified as potential candidate species for low-maintenance lawns because of their reduced need for water, mowing, and fertilizer. Unfortunately, these species have some weaknesses that must be improved to facilitate their use; perhaps, the most important of these is tolerance to wear and traffic. For this trait to be improved in new cultivars, there must be sufficient heritable variation available for plant breeders to exploit; however, little is known about the heritability of this complex trait in fine fescue species. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the heritability of wear and traffic tolerance in three fine fescue species. Replicated field studies were established in North Brunswick, NJ, and St. Paul, MN, and each included 157 Chewing’s fescue (Festuca rubra L. subsp. fallax), 155 hard fescue (Festuca brevipilia), and 149 strong creeping red fescue (F. rubra L. subsp. rubra) genotypes. Wear tolerance was evaluated in North Brunswick and traffic tolerance was evaluated in St. Paul during 2015 and 2016 using different simulators to determine both plant performance and broad-sense heritability estimates for wear and traffic tolerance. Broad-sense heritability estimates for the three species when calculated on a clonal basis was between 0.69 and 0.82 for wear tolerance in the North Brunswick location and between 0.49 and 0.60 for traffic tolerance in the St. Paul location. On a single-plant basis, broad-sense heritability estimates for the three species were between 0.31 and 0.45 for wear tolerance in the North Brunswick location and 0.09 and 0.12 for traffic tolerance in St. Paul. However, this research does indicate that improvement of wear and traffic tolerance in fine fescues is possible through recurrent breeding methods based on selection of replicated clonally propagated genotypes rather than selection of single individual plants of a population. This was the first study to determine the genetic effects of wear and traffic tolerance in any turfgrass species.
Aesthetic Quality and Strength of Bioplastic Biocontainers at Different Substrate Volumetric Water Contents
Authors: Flax Nicholas J. , Currey Christopher J. , Litvin Alexander G. , Schrader James A. , Grewell David , Graves William R.
Published: April 2018

Various types of emerging bioplastic containers present a range of physical and chemical properties and can perform differently from one another in production environments. Container performance may be affected by substrate moisture content. We quantified the effects of bioplastic container type and substrate volumetric water content (VWC) on the aesthetic and mechanical strength properties of bioplastic containers and on plant growth. Seedlings of ‘Divine Cherry Red’ new guinea impatiens (Impatiens hawkeri W. Bull) and ‘Pinot Premium Deep Red’ zonal geranium (Pelargonium ×hortorum L.H. Bailey) were transplanted into five types of 11.4-cm–diameter containers, four types made from bioplastics and one type made from petroleum-based plastic and used as a control. Plants were watered to container capacity at transplant, allowed to dry down to VWC thresholds of 0.20 or 0.40 m3·m−3, and subsequently maintained at desired set points by using a precision irrigation system controlled by soil moisture sensors. Total volume of water applied per plant to new guinea impatiens was affected by VWC and not container type, whereas irrigation volume was affected by both for geranium. Growth index and shoot dry mass (SDM) of new guinea impatiens and geranium were affected by VWC. Container type affected growth index and SDM of geranium only. Water use efficiency (WUE) of both species was similar regardless of container type and VWC. Aesthetic quality varied based on VWC for only one container type, which was made from a blend that included soy-based bioplastic. Containers manufactured with polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) and dried distiller’s grains and solubles (DDGS) or polylactic acid (PLA), soy polymer with adipic anhydride (SP.A), and a proprietary bio-based filler (BR) derived from modified DDGS were stronger when maintained at a lower VWC, 0.20 m3·m−3. Our findings indicate that restricting irrigation to the minimum needed to achieve the desired crop growth is a viable strategy for sustaining aesthetic quality and strength of bioplastic containers manufactured with plant protein–based fillers such as SP.A and BR. Other bioplastic containers, such as those made of PLA–lignin biocomposite, show durability equal to that of petroleum-based plastic containers and maintain pristine appearance regardless of substrate VWC during production.
Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System Norms and Sufficiency Ranges for Tomato Greenhouse in Mediterranean Climate
Authors: Llanderal Alfonso , Lao María Teresa , Contreras Juana Isabel , Segura María Luz
Published: April 2018

The objectives of this study were to compute diagnosis and recommendation integrated system (DRIS) norms and sufficiency ranges from a survey of tomato crops grown in Mediterranean greenhouses and the verification of their variation during plant growth and development. DRIS norms were computed from 408 samples of first young mature leaves collected during different phenological stages. Using the DRIS technique, two sufficiency ranges were developed: one includes all the database regardless of the phenological stage, and the other was developed based on the phenological stage. Also, ten DRIS norm nutrient ratios and cv were computed from N, P, K, Ca, and Mg analytical results. All the ratios in flowering (FL), and only N/K, Mg/K, and Mg/N in fruit development (FD), showed low cv and therefore may play a fundamental role in crop development in accord with the DRIS norms calculated. It is also necessary to point out that a slight modification in the nutrient concentration led to a large change in the nutritional balance of the plant. Moreover, the general sufficiency ranges developed were: N (25–48), P (2.6–4.7), K (16–31), Ca (23–36), and Mg (6.7–10 g·kg−1). In conclusion, this work may signify an improvement in the nutritional diagnosis of greenhouse tomatoes in the Mediterranean area, because there is great variability when setting DRIS standards and sufficiency ranges based on phenological stages compared with general DRIS norms and sufficiency ranges. Use of DRIS norms and sufficiency ranges will allow better nutritional adjustment based on the phenological stage of the crop.
Neem Oil Used as a “Complex Mixture” to Improve In Vitro Shoot Proliferation in Olive
Authors: Micheli Maurizio , Fernandes da Silva Daniel , Farinelli Daniela , Agate Graziana , Pio Rafael , Famiani Franco
Published: April 2018

Shoots of the olive cultivar Moraiolo were previously cultured in aseptic conditions on Olive Medium (OM), with the addition of 4 mg·L−1 of zeatin, 30 g·L−1 of sucrose, and 7 g·L−1 of agar. Then, 1-cm long uninodal explants with two leaves and two axillary buds were excised from the proliferated masses and placed on the same proliferation medium enriched with four concentrations of neem oil (0—control, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mL·L−1), added before sterilization. The addition of 0.1 mL·L−1 of neem oil to the medium gave an improvement in shoot regeneration. More vigorous shoots (longer proliferated shoots) were obtained along with a higher number of nodes (multiplication rate). Overall, there was a significant increase in the total fresh and dry proliferated weights. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing a strong and beneficial effect of neem oil, used as a “complex mixture,” on in vitro plant regeneration.