bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An unusual case of dens invaginatus on a mandibular second molar: a case report
Authors: Mancino Davide , Abdellatif Dina , Iandolo Alfredo , Bornert Fabien , Haïkel Youssef
Published: January 2025

The present case report describes the endodontic treatment of a type III B dens invaginatus (DI) in a three-rooted mandibular second molar since the invagination invades the root and extends apically. Clinical and cone-beam computed tomography examination of the mandibular second molar showed a broadened coronal morphology, DI, a third root, periapical radiolucency, and compression of a distal root canal by the invagination, which developed an atypical semilunar shape. The tooth was diagnosed with pulpal necrosis, symptomatic apical, and peri-invagination periodontitis. Consequently, three-dimensional virtual reconstruction was conducted to improve anatomical interpretation and case planning and accelerate the intraoperative phase by reducing operator stress and minimizing intraoperative variables. The present case report aims to raise awareness of the existence of DI on the mandibular second molar.
Tratamento de fraturas blow-out por técnica transsinusal e uso de Palafita
Authors: Carvalho Lidylara Lacerda Araújo , Alves Daniel Adorno , Neves Gilberto Fenelon das , Carvalho Jean Luccas de , Tino Marcio Tadashi , Cândido Mônica dos Santos , Almeida Ervânio José de
Published: January 2025

Traumas na região da órbita podem gerar uma fratura orbital isolada ou associada aos ossos adjacentes. Dentre as possibilidades de tratamento para fraturas do assoalho orbital existem vários acessos cirúrgicos e materiais de reconstrução como enxertos de cartilagem costal e calota craniana, polietileno poroso, implantes reabsorvíveis, malha de titânio. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma alternativa de acesso transsinusal (mais estético se comparado aos acessos diretos em pele) e reconstrução do assoalho orbital através de um dispositivo intitulado Palafita. Trata-se de um relato de uma série de casos, com delineamento descritivo, sem grupo controle, de caráter narrativo e reflexivo, cujos dados são provenientes da prática clínica. Em todos os casos relatados neste estudo, os pacientes evoluíram com reversão dos sinais e sintomas ocasionados pelo trauma após a cirurgia, com especial atenção à enoftalmia, que é o grande desafio de correção para muitos cirurgiões. A técnica da Palafita se mostra mais indicada para casos onde se busca evitar cicatriz, e em especial, para casos onde há grande quantidade de conteúdo orbital herniado para o seio maxilar, o que permite a sua recuperação para a órbita.
Elaboração de instrumentos para acompanhar do desenvolvimento infantil no contexto da Educação Infantil
Authors: Feliciano Josiane Aguiar Cerqueira , Fortes Rafael da Rocha , Sabino Ironéa das Dores Gomes , Lione Viviane de Oliveira Freitas
Published: January 2025

Acompanhar o desenvolvimento infantil é dever de todos os que são comprometidos com as infâncias. Dessa forma, é necessário compreender o que é desenvolvimento infantil, além de acesso a instrumentos eficazes de acompanhamento. O desenvolvimento vive uma de suas fases mais importantes na primeira infância e por este motivo seu acompanhamento deve ser feito de forma atenta e cuidadosa, pela família, saúde e educação. O desenvolvimento infantil, em seus domínios físico, cognitivo e psicossocial, de maneira apropriada, relaciona-se fundamentalmente aos cuidados que o ser humano recebe no início de sua vida, que vão influenciar em sua capacidade de aprender, de se socializar e de lidar com suas emoções. O objetivo da pesquisa foi elaborar instrumentos para acompanhar o desenvolvimento de crianças de 3 a 5 anos na Educação Infantil, com base nos marcos do desenvolvimento, acessíveis à família e demais adultos cuidadores. O estudo concluiu que o uso do instrumento elaborado auxilia o professor em um olhar mais atento para as questões do desenvolvimento infantil, levando a um planejamento de ações que promovam estimulação das áreas em possíveis atrasos.
Strategi Pengurus Keamanan dalam Menyelesaikan Konflik Antar Santri yang Berlatar Belakang Budaya Berbeda di Pondok Pesantren
Authors: Alfan Fadli  , Olyvia Zalianti  , Sintia Devinta Wati  , Julian Liew  , Muallimin Muallimin
Published: January 2025

Conflicts that arise in pesantren are often triggered by cultural, normative, and habitual differences among santri from various regions. This study aims to identify and analyze the strategies employed by the security management in resolving conflicts among santri with different cultural backgrounds at Pondok Pesantren Darus Sholah Jember. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and document study. The results show that the pesantren management uses mediation, educational approaches, and rule formation to manage conflicts. Support from the pesantren leadership and religious values emphasizing brotherhood are key supporting factors, while communication barriers among the santri remain a challenge that needs to be addressed. This study contributes to understanding conflict management in religious-based educational institutions.
Pengaruh Citra Merek, Suasana Toko, dan Kualitas Produk terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Eiger di Eiger Adventure Store Damar Padang
Authors: Indra Guspi Saputra  , Maizul Rahmizal
Published: January 2025

This research aims to examine the influence of brand image, character atmosphere and product quality on purchasing decisions for Eiger products at the Eiger Adventure Store Damar Padang. This type of research is quantitative, where this research uses numerical data and the research process emphasizes objective measurement of results using analysis. statistics. The population in this research is consumers shopping at the Eiger Adventure Store Damar Padang. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling.  The number of samples was 100 people obtained using the Slovin formula. The type of data used in this research is quantitative and qualitative data. Meanwhile, the data sources are primary and secondary data sources. The data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression using the SPSS version 21.00 program. The hypothesis was tested using the t test at α = 0.05. The results of this research show that Brand Image has a positive and significant influence on the Eiger Purchase Decision at the Eiger Adventure Store Damar Padang, the Store Atmosphere has a positive and significant influence on the Eiger Purchase Decision at the Eiger Adventure Store Damar Padang, and Product Quality has a positive and significant influence on the Eiger Purchase Decision at Eiger Adventure Store Damar Padang.
Analysis on the Development of Digital Green Finance Under Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality Goals
Authors: Yang Xiaochen
Published: January 2025

In recent years, with the rapid progress of cutting-edge digital technologies such as big data, Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain, the financial industry is undergoing unprecedented changes. These digital technologies have not only revolutionized traditional financial formats, but also become the core driving force for the rapid development of green finance. However, the road to the rise of digital green finance is not smooth, facing multiple challenges such as the lack of awareness of digital transformation, the imbalance between financial data supply and demand, and the shallow application of technology. To promote the sustainable and healthy development of green finance, it is particularly critical to improve service quality, deepen digital awareness, and stimulate the public's enthusiasm for digital transformation. This study is dedicated to exploring how digital technologies can effectively enable green finance growth, solve digital transformation challenges, and encourage the financial sector to accelerate green transformation, contributing to the achievement of carbon peak targets and carbon neutrality vision.
The Influence of Aging Population on Labor Cost -- An Analysis from The Perspective of Labor Demand
Authors: Li Mu , Zhao Zixuan
Published: January 2025

Globally, the phenomenon of population aging has become a significant trend. This article starts from the view of labor demand and sorts out the impact mechanism of aging population on labor costs. This article summarizes previous research from three aspects: labor productivity, consumption structure and technological advancement, and explores the impact of population aging. Research has found that aging will reduce business productivity due to the degradation of physical functions and the inability of older people to adapt to new technologies. Secondly, aging has also had a significant impact on social consumption structure, especially increasing the level of consumption in medical care. However, this trend has also resulted in a substantial increase in government medical expenditures, which may have a suppressive effect on the overall national income and consumption level of society in the future. Finally, populating aging has also hindered technological progress to a certain extent and slowed down the speed of technological innovation and development. This article provides a reference at the subdivision level for exploring how populating aging influence the cost of labor on the labor demand side.
Exploring the Influencing Factors of Educational Equity - Based on Macro and Micro Perspectives
Authors: Wang Qiyundi
Published: January 2025

The issue of educational equity has always been one of the hot topics of academic concern, and it occupies an important position in the development of China's educational endeavors, which is both a goal to be pursued and a major challenge to be faced at present. The connotation of educational equity is diversified: from the perspective of pedagogy, it emphasizes that everyone should enjoy equal opportunities and rights to education; from the perspective of economics, it focuses on how to achieve a fair and reasonable distribution of educational resources; and in the field of sociology, educational equity is generally regarded as a key factor that influences and even determines the mobility of social classes. It can be seen that differences in research perspectives on educational equity directly led to the diversity of its connotations. Accordingly, the factors affecting educational equity are also characterized by diversity. This paper aims to explore the influencing factors of educational equity from both macro and micro levels, summarize the current research results in the field of educational equity, and put forward future research prospects.
Probabilistic Reasoning in the Sciences
Authors: Sikorski Michal , Gebharter Alexander , Osimani Barbara
Published: January 2025

Report on the Conference on Probabilistic Reasoning in the Sciences which took place at the  Marche Polytechnic University in Ancona, Italy. 29-31 August 2024.
"أثر معايير الملاءة المالية على العمق التأميني "دراسة تطبيقيةعلى قطاع التأمين في ليبيا
Authors: رحيل خالد , صداقة زينب
Published: January 2025

تهدف الدراسة بصفة اساسية  إلى بيان أثر معايير الملاءة المالية على العمق التأمين في قطاع التأمين الليبي  من خلال معرفة أثر  مجموعة من معايير الملاءة وباستخدام المنهج الوصفي الاستنتاجي في جمع وتحليل البيانات للقوائم المالية لقطاع التأمين في ليبيا  خلال الفترة  من 2014 إلى 2020م وباستخدام طريقة تقدير المربعات الصغرى لأختبار للفرضيات الفرعية، ومصفوفة الارتباط لأختبار الفرضية الرئيسية، كما خلصت الدراسة إلى أنه  توجد  تأثير معنوي ذو دلالة احصائية  لمعايير الملاءة المالية على العمق  قطاع التأمين الليبي ، وكما يوجد تأثير معنوي ذو دلالة احصائية  لمعدل الملاءة المالية عن إجمالي الاقساط ومعدل السيولة (معدل المخصصات الفنية إلى الأصول السائلة) ومعدل الهيكلية (معدل المخصصات الفنية  إلى حقوق الملكية) على العمق التأمين في ليبيا   في حين لا يوجد تأثير معنوي ذو دلالة احصائية لمعدل الأحتفاظ وكفاية المخصصات الفنية ومعدل الملاءة المالية عن الصافي الاقساط  على العمق التأميني الليبي   ومن أهم توصيات الدراسة ضرورة حث الباحثين على تقديم المزيد من البحوث المتعلقة بالعمق التأمين وأثره على متغيرات أخرى.
دور المنظمات الدولية في تطوير القانون الدولي وتنظيم المعاملات التجارية والاستثمارية الدولية
Authors: رشوان نوري , محمد عبد الهادي رمضان
Published: January 2025

وتكتسي دراسة القانون الدولي، أهمية كبيرة، نظراً لدوره الفعال في الانفتاح على القوانين الأخرى والتنسيق والتفاعل بين مختلف القوانين المعاصرة، فهو قانون يقوم على الانفتاح بين الدول لا يقوم على الفردية والانعزال؛ إذ ينتقل الأشخاص والأموال عبر حدود دولة إلى دولي أخرى، وقد وجد هذا القانون للتعامل مع هذا النوع من العلاقات القانونية فهو بطبيعته يهدف الى ايجاد الحلول المناسبة للعلاقات القانونية الخاصة التي تتجاوز الحدود.
ولذلك تمت إقامة العديد من المنظمات، التي كان لها أثر كبير فيما يتعلق بقواعد القانون الدولي وتطوره، فيما يتصل بتنظيم المعاملات التجارية والاستثمارية الدولية.
        ويسعى البحث الحالي لتحقيق عدة أهداف كالتعرف على مفهوم المنظمات الدولية وأنواعها، وتناول مفهوم الشخصية القانونية للمنظمات الدولية والسلطات المخولة لها والآثار الناتجة عن اكتساب المنظمات الدولية تلك الشخصية القانونية، واستعراض مدى التطور الحاصل في العلاقات الدولية على أثر نشأة المنظمات الدولية.
ولقد مر تنظيم المعاملات التجارية والاستثمارية الدولية بعدة مراحل، وتلك المراحل كانت تتعلق دائمًا بالمنظمات الدولية كالأمم المتحدة ومنظمة التجارة العالمية، ومن هنا كان من الضروري دراسة دور تلك المنظمات في تطور القانون الدولي فيما يتعلق بتنظيم المعاملات التجارية والاستثمارية الدولية.
ويدور البحث حول إشكالية رئيسة وهي:
ما الدور التي لعبته المنظمات الدولية في تنظيم المعاملات التجارية والاستثمارية الدولية؟ واعتمد الباحث في إعداد البحث على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي.
وفي نهاية البحث تم التوصل إلى عدة نتائج من أهما:

ظهر مفهوم الشخصية القانونية الدولية بالنسبة للمنظمات الدولية نتيجة لتطور المجتمع الدولي، وشهد تطورات مهمة، حيث يُنظم وفق قواعد القانون الدولي العام.
تتمتع المنظمات الدولية بالشخصية القانونية الدولية مما يجعلها تتمتع بالقدرة على لعب دور مهم فيما يتعلق بإصدار أو تعديل القوانين الدولية المتعلقة بتنظيم المعاملات التجارية والاستثمارية الدولية.

الكلمات المفتاحية: المنظمات الدولية، الشخصية القانونية الدولية، تطور القانون الدولي، تنظيم المعاملات التجارية الدولية، تنظيم المعاملات الاستثمارية الدولية.
The Tree of Biologics: Branching out into the Future of Psoriasis Treatment
Authors: Thomas Sarah Elisabeth
Published: January 2025

Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that can significantly impact a patient's quality of life. When biologics were developed as a treatment for psoriasis, there was already a solid foundation of other treatment options. Over the past 20 years, the "tree" of treatment options, including various biologics, has grown further. During this time, we’ve gained many insights, but some questions remain unanswered. For instance: What is the most effective biologic? And which biologic is best suited for which patient? Using data collected at Radboud university medical center and 23 other hospitals, we investigated these questions. Some key findings include that biologics from specific treatment classes achieved excellent results linked to their mechanisms of action. Additionally, we found that biologics were effective for both older adults and children. Lastly, the research methods we used offer directions for future studies.
Pomiar parametrów naturalnego promieniowania nadfioletowego w zależności od współczynnika pokrycia liściowego (LAI )
Authors:   Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Kwiatkowski Michał , Łowcewicz Marta , Pawlak Andrzej , Kubica Jacek M.
Published: January 2025

Measurement of natural UV radiation parameters in dependence on the leaf area index (LAI)
The paper discusses the threats resulting from exposure to natural UV radiation (ultraviolet
radiation) and presents an overview of the results of studies conducted in various places around
the world and concerning the impact of urban green infrastructure on the level of this radiation.
In addition, a spectroradiometric method of measuring natural UV radiation was presented –
associated with the plant parameterization using the leaf area index (LAI), determined on the basis
of hemispherical images – and the results of measurements carried out in the urban environment
with different levels of tree cover. These measurements were performed as part of a project carried
out at the Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute, and their results
confirmed that urban green infrastructure reduces UV radiation and, consequently, reduces the
risks to human health in urban agglomerations.
Keywords: UV radiation, green urban infrastructure, leaf area index (LAI)
Fuzzy Generalized Poisson Doubles Hurdle Model (FGPDH) on the Leukemia in Iraq
Authors:   Department of Statistics, Administration and Economics College, Sumer University-Iraq, Adel Adel ,   Department of Statistics, Administration and Economics College, Sumer University-Iraq, Ali Bashar Khalid
Published: January 2025

and Fuzzy Generalized Double Hurdle (FGPDH)—to estimate and predict patient outcomes. We used the Firefly Algorithm to optimize and estimate the parameters for these models. Among them, the FGPDH model consistently provided the most accurate predictions, closely matching the actual values. The Generalized Double Hurdle model also performed well, significantly improving accuracy by capturing the complexity of the data. In contrast, models like Poisson, Single Hurdle, and Double Hurdle Poisson showed less predictive accuracy due to higher error rates. Our proposed FGPDH model, enhanced with the Firefly Algorithm, effectively handles uncertainty and complexity, making it the most reliable and precise approach in this context.
ЕУРОПА ЖӘНЕ «ЖАҢА» ТАЯУ ШЫҒЫС: ГЕОСАЯСИ ӨЗГЕРІСТЕР МЕН СТРАТЕГИЯЛЫҚ ТАҢДАУЛАР
Authors: Маратқызы А.
Published: January 2025

The Middle East has witnessed major geopolitical shifts since 2011 that range from the growing influence of the Gulf states, the pivot to Africa of many of the region’s countries and the new dynamics of global penetration, to the proliferation of regional cleavages and intra-state conflicts, as well as more volatile alliances and rivalries. This article assesses the implications of those shifts for the European Union and its capacity to shape or adapt to new realities. In the past continuities have tended to prevail in the EU’s strategies, policies and toolbox vis-à-vis the region. The intensity of the transformations the Middle East is going through as well as their impact on Europe itself may oblige the EU to make a move now. Europe’s leverage and credibility are at stake. These geopolitical changes present both challenges and opportunities for the European Union. On the one hand, increasing instability and internal conflicts in the region may increase migration flows and security threats, which will require the EU to review its security and migration policy. It is important for the EU to be flexible and strategic in order to effectively respond to changes and strengthen its position in the global context.
A Multi-model Analysis of Climate-related Financial Risk Disclosure and De-carbonization Investment Portfolios Piloting to the TCFD
Authors: Gao Shuqin
Published: January 2025

This research explores climate related financial risk disclosure by quantifying climate related transition risk and physical risk, creating cost-benefit analysis for businesses, industries and financial institutions with business as usual model (BAU) and alternative models of an updated carbon emission reduction scheme, constructing carbon emission-induced cost function and benefit function models, as well as multi-dimensional climate damage function models. This research integrates frameworks based on carbon shadow price, carbon emission abatement costs and climate damage costs, social costs of carbon with climate change scenarios for assessing climate financial risk, as well as its asymmetric and nonlinear impact on financial equilibrium. The heterogeneity of climate financial risk scenarios are built up on implementing national determined commitment (NDC) for a predefined temperature target 1.5-2 0C above pre-industrial levels under carbon neutrality target of Paris climate agreement and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The model functions, selected parameters and cost-benefit simulation construct a cost-effective optimal pathway for driving future carbon emissions reduction and building climate resilience to manage and mitigate climate related financial risk.
Surgical Management of Hip Pain in Active Patients With Early Osteoarthritis: Navigating the Choice Between Hip Preservation and Arthroplasty
Authors: McCarroll Tyler R. , Kuhns Benjamin D. , Domb Benjamin G.
Published: January 2025

Hip pain in active patients with early osteoarthritis can be quite debilitating, affecting mobility, quality of life, and overall well-being. Management of this patient population is challenging because arthroplasty implants inevitably have limited life expectancy while chondral damage can mitigate the benefits of arthroscopic or open hip preservation. A multifaceted, patient-specific approach to clinical decision making is crucial in this patient population, given their higher activity level and expectations compared with older cohorts. Several advances have been made to better stratify patients into the spectrum of management, which includes nonsurgical measures; injections, including orthobiologics; arthroscopic hip preservation; open hip preservation; hip resurfacing; and total hip arthroplasty.
On Frenet Framme of Null Curves in Three Dimensional Minkowski Spaces
Authors: Anis Saad  , Awatif Mousay
Published: January 2025

This article investigates the Frenet frame of null curves which are embedded inside three-dimensional Minkowski spacetime M^2,1, a significant topic of differential geometry and Lorentzian geometry. Unlike Euclidean geometry, the indefinite metric of Minkowski space introduces unique challenges and properties. We analyse the Frenet frame components, including the tangent of curves, and normal which is orthogonal, and binormal this is a perpendicular to both vectors, and derive the associated Frenet-Serret equations. Additionally, we propose new formulations for these equations specific to null curves in the Minkowski space. A practical example is visualized using Maple to illustrate the theoretical results. This study contributes to the deeper understanding of the geometric behaviour of null curves in Lorentzian settings.
Correlation of Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry and Quantitative Computerized Tomography in Detection of Osteoporosis among Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Yusuf Shazia , Kashmir Saba Binte , Abbasi Muhammad Afzal , Riaz Humaira , Kamran Rana Muhammad Haseeb , Zeb Romasa
Published: January 2025

Osteoporosis is a serious health responsibility for clinicians, especially in postmenopausal patients. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry is currently the gold standard for the detection of osteoporosis, though its accuracy may be compromised due to concomitant degenerative changes. Objectives: To find out the detection rate of osteoporosis in women who have gone through menopause using both dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and quantitative computerized tomography and to identify correlations between the two. To evaluate quantitative computerized tomography as a possible future imaging modality that can address the constraints of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Methods: From June 2016 to July 2017, this cross-sectional study was carried out in the radiology Departments of Capital Hospital and Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute Hospital, Islamabad. With informed consent, seventy postmenopausal women participated. T-scores were calculated for quantitative computerized tomography and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and data analysis, including the Pearson correlation coefficient, was conducted using SPSS-17. Results: The study included postmenopausal women aged 45–70, with menopause lasting over two years. The mean T-scores for quantitative computerized tomography and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry were -2.4 ± 1.4 SD and -2.1 ± 1.3 SD, respectively. A strong positive correlation was established between quantitative computerized tomography and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry T-scores (r=0.808; p<0.05). Conclusions: It was concluded that the study showed a constructive association between the T-scores obtained using quantitative computerized tomography and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, thus suggesting that quantitative computerized tomography can be used as an alternative to dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in the detection of osteoporosis.
Antimicrobial Activity of Azithromycin versus Ciprofloxacin in the Treatment of Uncomplicated Enteric Fever in Children and Adolescents: Preclinical Trial
Authors: Irfan Zona , Bijarani Ali Nawaz , Pervaiz Yousra Muhammad , Perveen Fauzia , Shaikh Shahid Pervez , Arif Humaira
Published: January 2025

Typhoid fever, or enteric fever, is an infectious disorder particularly prevalent in Pakistan. Salmonella Typhi is the common and occasionally fatal cause of enteric fever. Objective: To compare the antimicrobial activity of Azithromycin versus Ciprofloxacin in the treatment of uncomplicated enteric fever in children. Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Microbiology at Ziauddin University Hospital, Karachi. It lasted six months, from 3 January 2020 to 2 July 2020. There were 152 blood samples in all. According to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines, the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was assessed using the Modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method on Muller-Hinton agar. Results: When treating typhoid fever in children with simple enteric fever, the susceptibility pattern of Salmonella Typhi revealed that azithromycin was more efficient than ciprofloxacin in preventing the growth of Salmonella Typhi across all samples. Ciprofloxacin showed resistant bacteria. Conclusion: Azithromycin seems to be more clinically effective than ciprofloxacin in treating children's simple enteric fever when treating typhoid fever.
Clinical Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine and Propofol in Children Undergoing MRI for Urological Diseases: A Systematic Review
Authors: Shafiq Pakeeza , Butt Muhammad Umer Iqbal , Hassan Hafiz Wajih Ul , Maqsood Saba , Zaidi Syed Imtiaz Ali , Ahmed Aftab , Haq Ehsan Ul
Published: January 2025

Dexmedetomidine and propofol are commonly compared drugs used for sedation during pediatric anesthesia and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. However, their effectiveness and the impact on safety regarding children who undergo magnetic resonance imaging for specific urological diseases such as vesicoureteral reflux, hydronephrosis, and posterior urethral valves remain undetermined. Objectives: To evaluate the quality of sedation, recovery profiles, and complications using dexmedetomidine and propofol in pediatric patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging for urological indications. Methods: Research with guidance from PRISMA was done in the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Semantic Scholar databases. Peer-reviewed articles that were published between January 2013 and April 2024 were identified bringing into the study 96 articles after applying the inclusion criteria. Cohort review: Fifteen studies were included in the present comparative analysis of dexmedetomidine and propofol for pediatric magnetic resonance imaging sedation. Results: Compared with propofol, dexmedetomidine provided better haemodynamic control, minimized emergence phenomenon and significantly improved postoperative recovery profiles. Nevertheless, the induction and recovery period was shorter in patients who received propofol. Both agents were associated with low adverse events incidences although subjects who received dexmedetomidine reported improved sedation quality that required less rescue medication than other subjects. Conclusions: It was concluded that dexmedetomidine and propofol are good in magnetic resonance imaging sedation for children with urological diseases, with better recovery and improved quality sedation from dexmedetomidine. Future research should extend the duration of intervention and make the dose-response relationship more precise.
AZƏRBAYCANDA KARBON EMİSSİYASI HƏCMİNİN ENERJİ İSTEHLAKINDAN ASILILIĞI
Authors: MEHDİYEVA Gülsurə
Published: January 2025

Məqalədə Azərbaycanın atmosferə atılan çirkləndiricilərin müxtəlif iqtisadi fəaliyyət sahələrində enerji istehlakından asılılığı tədqiq edilib. Əsas çirkləndirici mənbə olaraq nəqliyyat sektoru digər iqtisadi fəaliyyət sahələrindən ayrılaraq, bu sektorda enerji istehlakı ilə çirkləndiricilərin həcmi arasındakı əlaqə ekonoimetrik hesablanıb. Alınan nəticələrə əsasən nəqliyyat sektorunda enerji istehlakı artdıqca atmosferə atılan çirkləndiricilərin həcmi də artır. İstehlak olunan enerji növlərinə elektrik enerjisi daxil edilməyib. Açar sözlər: istixana qazları, karbon emissiyası, enerji istehlakı, çirkləndiricilər
Aspectos económicos del aprovechamiento de los huevos de parlama Lepidochelys olivacea (Eschscholtz, 1829): de las cuotas de conservación hacia la sostenibilidad
Authors: Ordoñez-Sayle Estefany
Published: January 2025

En Guatemala, los huevos de tortuga parlama son aprovechados para su comercialización. El esquema de conservación se basa en un sistema de cuotas, en la que se establece que el 20% de los huevos recolectados deberán ser entregados a un tortugario registrado. Se estima que alrededor de 673,304 huevos son puestos por año en la Costa Pacífica con un valor en playa aproximado de Q1,124,869.00. En Guatemala, el aprovechamiento de huevos de tortuga funciona como un amortiguador clave en las economías de las comunidades. En los últimos años, la compra de huevos por parte de los tortugarios ha aumentado. Estos criaderos, además de recibir la cuota de conservación, compran el resto de la carga de huevos del nido. Como resultado, el número de nidos plantados en los tortugarios también ha aumentado. Sin embargo, esto también ha provocado que haya un mercado mas grande para los huevos de tortuga. La venta de huevos se ha convertido en una fuente de ingresos muy exitosa con menos riesgo y costos que la pesca. Esto ha llevado a algunos pescadores artesanales a cambiar a la recolección de huevos como su actividad principal. Es necesario evaluar los esquemas de conservación actuales y la efectividad de los incentivos de manera integral, tomando en cuenta impactos ambientales, rentabilidad y efectos sociales. El presente análisis aporta información útil para identificar la calidad de los incentivos, para poder reformar o eliminar los incentivos ineficientes o perversos, de manera que los escasos recursos de conservación se puedan invertir de la manera más efectiva.
Soporte nutricional en personas con infección severa por SARS-CoV-2 ¿qué dice la literatura del abordaje nutricional en estos casos?
Authors: Salguero Gutiérrez Anaeli , Cordón Arrivillaga Karla
Published: January 2025

El COVID-19 ocasiona la rápida activación del sistema inmune innato, elevando los niveles de citoquinas proinflamatorias, en caso de que el organismo no logre controlar esta respuesta inflamatoria, se produce la denominada “tormenta de citoquinas”, responsable de la presentación clínica severa de la enfermedad. El virus SARS-CoV-2 se caracteriza por provocar complicaciones respiratorias agudas severas. La alteración del estado nutricional en un paciente con infección severa por el virus SARS-CoV-2 es multifactorial, sin embargo, existen dos situaciones características que repercuten directamente en el estado nutricional, estas son: la disminución de la ingesta alimentaria y el incremento en las necesidades nutricionales. Existe evidencia acerca del impacto positivo que tiene la instauración de un soporte nutricional especializado en los pacientes con infección severa por SARS-CoV-2. La nutrición es esencial para preservar las funciones en el organismo, en este caso la función respiratoria, y así atravesar el curso de la enfermedad. El soporte nutricional debe ser apropiado durante todo el proceso de la infección, con el propósito de reducir las complicaciones, la estancia hospitalaria y la mortalidad. Por lo anterior, se considera importante integrar la información científica disponible acerca del abordaje nutricional en pacientes con infección severa por SARS-CoV-2, para guiar la prescripción del soporte nutricional especializado.
Event-triggered reinforcement learning-based internet data bandwidth allocation technique as a metric for balanced QoS and QoE
Authors: Adaramola Michael F. , Shoewu Oluwagbemiga O. , Adedoyin Mary A. , Balogun Emmanuel B.
Published: January 2025

This research work studies the performance and management of the internet services of institutions of higher learning in Nigeria. Data were collated from a federal, state, and private university designated as FEDERAL1, STATE1, and PRIVATE1, respectively, in this research study. The reinforcement learning-based internet data bandwidth allocation model was developed for bandwidth allocation and prediction to enhance balanced quality of service (QoS) and quality of experience (QoE) of the users. The linear Lagrange’s method of interpolation, the LILARINT model, was developed and implemented to predict and allocate effective internet data bandwidth for the significantly increasing number of internet users in each of the institutions. The problem of inability to predict and allocate acceptable internet data bandwidth with the corresponding number of internet users was solved by the LILARINT model. The Allen’s PRESS regression, R2 of the LILARINT models, was very close to unity, which is an indication that the models developed stood at the very best fit. In this research work, it is clear that PRESS regressions, R2 for the selected institutions, were better than the regression, R2 obtained from Nielsen’s institution. Using the measured and simulated results, we found out that PRESS regression, R2 has significantly performed best in the LILARINT model developed. In the overall comparative analysis, the FEDERAL1 LILARINT model emerged as the most reliable model developed and implemented. The model has a regression, R2 of 0.9999, mean squared error (MSE) of 1.455, mean absolute deviation (MAD) of 122.6920, Standard Deviation (σ) of 8.2975, and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 0.6274%.
Influencing Consumers’ Satisfaction To Organic Timor Coffee Products
Authors: E.S. Nunes Aderito , Suwasono Son , Rusdiana Endang , DJ. Gomes Julio
Published: January 2025

Consumers’ satisfaction were determined by the quality of expected products. There wher, quality warrantly that becomes the priority of every company, especially nowadays it becomes the basic measurement of competiveness superiority of every company. Gerson (2002) defines that consumers’ satisfaction is a consumers’ perception that their expectaion has been come true. According to Dutka (1994) there are several main factors affecting consumers’ satisfaction to a product, they are: price, quality, benefit, package, reliability of the product, and service offered by the company. This study aimed to determine the effects of simultaneously, partially, and dominantly of price, quality, benefit, and package factor affecting consumers’ satisfaction of Timor Organic Coffee. This study used 105 respondents of Timor Organic Coffee consumers. The data analysis used multiple linear regression. The results show that price, quality, benefit, and package factor simultanously affect significantly to consumers satisfaction of Timor Organic Coffee. The linear regression equation formed is: Y = - 1.975 + 0.190 X1 + 0.095 X2 + 0.415X3 + 0.462X4 + e  ( R square = 0,914) the value of determination coefficient (R square) = 0.914 meaning that independent variable can explain consumers’ satisfaction as many as 91.4%, whereas the revenue is other variables which are not included in this study. Price, benefit, and package factor partially affect positively and significantly to consumers’ satisfaction, and quality factor partially does not affect significantly to consumers’ satisfaction. Based on regression coefficient, it is got that package variable has a high value so that package factor becomes the dominant factor affecting consumers’ satisfaction of Timor Organic Coffee.
VIRTUAL SCREENING BY IN SILICO MOLECULAR DOCKING AND PHARMACOKINETIC OF CHALCONE HYBRID AS α-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITOR
Authors: Salim N.S. , Amran S.I. , Bohari S.P.M. , Razak N.H.A. , Jamalis J.
Published: January 2025

Diabetes, particularly type 2, is increasing in prevalence every year and has emerged as the third-most significant global health issue. One of the critical approaches to targeting enzymes that regulate carbohydrate metabolism is the α-glucosidase enzyme. Inhibiting this enzyme can reduce glucose absorption in the blood by causing the carbohydrates to break down. Commercially available drugs usually have unwanted side effects; hence, the development of novel drugs is a must. This current study aims to develop anti-diabetic drugs using a computational approach to screen out the best compounds (1–9). We performed in silico molecular docking using Auto Dock 4.0 and visualized the results using PyMOL and Discovery Studio. The study found binding energies (BE) that were greater than or equal to acarbose (-8.08 kcal/mol) and between -6.65 and -8.70 kcal/mol. The drug-like properties, pharmacokinetics, toxicity profile, and drug score were performed using the SwissADME, AdmetSAR, and Molsoft programs. Compounds 1–9 obeyed the Lipinski Rule of Five, and most of the compounds had drug-like properties and were non-toxic. Besides, they have promising interactions with α-glucosidase enzyme. Hence, they have the potential to develop into potent anti-diabetic drugs with lesser toxicity.
The role of vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction in abdominal aortic aneurysm pathogenesis
Authors:   , Rombouts Karlijn Bertine
Published: January 2025

Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are pathological dilations of the abdominal aorta. Progressive weakening of the aortic wall can lead to life-threatening rupture. Many AAA patients are asymptomatic, making diagnosis challenging. No biomarkers are available to predict disease progression or rupture risk. The only treatment option is invasive surgery, which carries risks and may require follow-up procedures. The lack of medication is caused by the insufficient understanding of the underlying disease mechanisms. More insight into the cells and proteins involved in aortic wall weakening could contribute to improved diagnostics and non-invasive treatments.
The aortic wall consists of three layers: the tunica intima (endothelial cells), the tunica adventitia (elastic fibers), and the tunica media (primarily vascular smooth muscle cells, vSMC). vSMC provide structural support and regulate blood pressure and flow through contraction. In AAA tissue, vSMC numbers and structural matrix production are reduced, but the precise mechanisms remain unclear.
This thesis investigates the role of vSMC dysfunction in AAA development and progression. In vitro experiments were conducted using vSMC from AAA patients and healthy controls to identify involved proteins and pathways. Additionally, a 3D model was developed to mimic the complex environment of the aorta.
In Chapter 2, available literature on vSMC dysfunction in AAA was summarized, identifying five main mechanisms: cell death, phenotypic switch, reduced matrix production, impaired cell division, and disrupted contraction. These insights highlight the importance of vSMC in AAA but have not yet resulted in non-invasive treatments or biomarkers.
In Chapter 3, a proteomics screening was performed on vSMC from AAA patients, revealing new proteins not previously identified in prior studies using whole AAA tissue. This underscores the value of cell-specific vSMC research.
Chapter 4 describes the development of a protocol to isolate primary vSMC from AAA tissue and measure their contractile capacity in vitro. In Chapter 5, it was found that vSMC contraction in AAA patients varies widely, with contraction levels correlated to the protein NUAK1. Experimental reduction of NUAK1 decreased contraction and disrupted the connection between the cytoskeleton and matrix components, confirming NUAK1’s role in AAA.
In Chapter 6, a novel patient-specific Vessel-on-Chip model was developed, in which vSMC and endothelial cells were cultured together. This model demonstrated that vSMC from AAA patients form larger, leakier vessels, potentially due to reduced levels of the protein GJA1, which regulates communication between vSMC and endothelial cells.
This thesis provides new insights into vSMC-related mechanisms in AAA. Further validation in advanced models is necessary to translate these findings into biomarkers and therapeutic targets, with the ultimate goal of improving the quality of life for AAA patients.
Understanding economic and cultural drivers of alternative medicine adoption in the U.S
Authors: Oyenuga Adedapo Olanrewaju , Sam-Bulya Ngodoo Joy , Attah Rita Uchenna
Published: January 2025

The adoption of alternative medicine in the United States has grown significantly, driven by a complex interplay of economic and cultural factors. This paper explores the economic drivers, including affordability, accessibility, and limitations within the conventional healthcare system, alongside cultural influences such as traditional beliefs, ethnic practices, and the rising popularity of wellness culture. Economic constraints often amplify the appeal of culturally familiar and cost-effective therapies, while regional and demographic variations reveal distinct adoption patterns. The findings highlight the need for policymakers to address financial barriers and for healthcare providers to embrace integrative care models. Recommendations include expanding insurance coverage, fostering public education on safe and effective therapies, and ensuring equitable access through targeted programs. Additionally, future research should focus on understanding the evolving dynamics of alternative medicine adoption and its integration into mainstream healthcare. This study aims to contribute to a more inclusive, informed, and patient-centered healthcare landscape by addressing these factors.
CUMPRIMENTO GLOBAL DE METAS DOS CENTROS DE ESPECIALIDADES ODONTOLÓGICAS DA MESORREGIÃO NOROESTE DO PARANÁ
Authors: Silva Ruann Oswaldo Carvalho da , Gonçalves Rodrigo Noll , Gonçalves Jéssica Rodrigues da Silva Noll , Bueno Roberto Eduardo , Ditterich Rafael Gomes
Published: January 2025

Os Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas (CEO) desempenham um papel crucial na mitigação das disparidades no acesso aos serviços odontológicos especializados. Portanto, é imperativo que sejam submetidos a avaliações visando à melhoria contínua de sua eficiência. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o cumprimento das metas de desempenho dos CEOs na Mesorregião Noroeste do Paraná. Metodologicamente, procedeu-se à análise do desempenho dos CEO utilizando o indicador de cumprimento global de metas, bem como indicadores socioeconômicos. Para tanto, foram empregados dados secundários provenientes do Sistema de Informação Ambulatorial do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIA/SUS), do Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde (CNES) e do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). O desempenho dos CEO é influenciado pelas características contextuais das áreas em que estão situados. Surpreendentemente, os municípios com melhores indicadores socioeconômicos nem sempre apresentaram os melhores desempenhos conforme os índices de cumprimento global de metas. Em conclusão, destaca-se a necessidade premente de revisão dos métodos de avaliação desses estabelecimentos, por meio da formulação de instrumentos que levem em consideração a singularidade de cada região.
PERDAS NA COLHEITA MECANIZADA DO TRIGO
Authors: Müller Valberto , Tamiozzo Felipe , Stragevitch Júnior Miguel
Published: January 2025

A cultura do trigo é uma prática agrícola que envolve o cultivo e a colheita dela, sendo uma das culturas mais antigas e importantes para a população mundial. Este cereal é amplamente cultivado em várias regiões do mundo devido a sua versatilidade e valor nutricional. Neste contexto, onde se procura sempre tornar os processos mais eficientes, a avaliação de perdas na colheita é um tema de grande importância para a agricultura, pois estas podem representar uma redução significativa na produtividade e consequentemente nos lucros dos agricultores. Dessa forma, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as perdas de grãos em duas diferentes velocidades. Após avaliar os resultados obtidos, observou-se que, ao aumentar a velocidade de deslocamento da colhedora, ocorre aumento de perdas de grãos nos diversos componentes da máquina.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Kebiasaan Sarapan dengan Kejadian Anemia Pada Remaja Putri
Authors: Meikawati Pedvin Ratna , Utami Suci , Haq Ismi Arianal
Published: January 2025

Anemia adalah suatu kondisi di mana hemoglobin (Hb) atau jumlah sel darah merah berada di bawah normal dan tidak mencukupi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan fisiologis seseorang. Sarapan menyumbangkan sekitar 25% asupan gizi dalam sehari Pengetahuan seseorang dapat mempengaruhi jumlah kasus anemia pada remaja. Kurangnya pengetahuan tentang tanda-tanda, efek dan pencegahan anemia menyebabkan remaja putri mengonsumsi makanan yang tidak mengandung banyak zat besi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan kebiasaan sarapan dengan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini terdapat 40 remaja dan sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 30 responden, dengan kriteria siswa merupakan siswi remaja putri usia 12-14 tahun. Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengambilan sampel yaitu menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan dengan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukan tidak terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri dengan nilai p= 0,260 (p> 0,05), Sedangkan hubungan kebiasaan sarapan pagi dengan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri diketahui bahwa nilai p=0,631 > a=0,05 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kebiasaan sarapan pagi dengan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri. Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dan kebiasaan sarapan dengan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri di Pondok Pesantren Al-Falah Sofwaniyah
Perfect Sequences Based on Golay Codes for Communication Systems
Authors: Pereira João , Ferreira Humberto
Published: January 2025

In data transmission systems, ensuring reliable communication while maximizing spectrum efficiency is a challenge. Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, widely used in wireless networks, depend on spreading codes to manage interference and support users. Achieving a balance between low cross-correlation and optimal auto-correlation properties is complex and involves trade-offs that affect system performance, especially as modern systems demand higher data rates and efficiency. In systems that use spectral spreading, achieving optimal autocorrelation characteristics often compromises cross-correlation characteristics, and vice versa. Codes with low cross-correlation values typically exhibit high out-of-phase autocorrelation values. Therefore, a balance between autocorrelation and cross-correlation properties is necessary for an efficient CDMA communication system. These desirable correlation properties are crucial in both periodic and aperiodic contexts. Recent innovations have led to a patented code generator derived from Golay codes/sequences, which exhibits low periodic cross-correlation values and a periodic autocorrelation function characterized by a prominent correlation peak and null values surrounding it. This development not only enhances signal quality but also mitigates interference in multi-user communication scenarios, making it particularly relevant for modern wireless networks. Furthermore, a novel solution is proposed to minimize the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) and reduce the cost of a new Orthogonal Perfect Discrete Fourier Transform Golay (OPDG) power transmission circuit. This approach leverages advanced signal processing techniques to achieve energy efficiency, addressing a critical challenge in high-performance communication systems. Experimental results demonstrate the practicality of these innovations in real-world implementations, paving the way for future advancements in CDMA technology.