bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and Development of Bio-based Anisomeles indica Kuntze Leaf Essential Oil Nanoemulsion: Antibacterial Activity, Antibiofilm Activity and Antiquorum Sensing Activity Against Skin Pathogens
Authors: Savitharani M. , Kumar Vadlapudi , Ruksana F. , Manjunatha T. , Vishala E. , Prathap H. M.
Published: December 2024

Background: Plant aromatic oils have the phytochemicals to inhibit bacterial growth. However, an appropriate encapsulation method is required to enhance their activity and stability. Anisomeles indica is a weed and does not affect human health. Hence, A. indica aromatic oil nanoformulation could be used as a medication to treat skin infections. Aim: In this study, aromatic oil nanoformulation of A. indica was prepared and characterised. Further, antibacterial, antibiofilm and quorum quenching properties of nanoformulation were evaluated. Methods: Hydro-distillation process was used to extract aromatic oil. Further nanoformulation was prepared and characterised by the following methods: Ultrasonication method, Dynamic light scattering method, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis, Viscosity determination, pH measurement, Turbidity, % Transmittance and % Creaming index measurements. Agar disc diffusion, well diffusion methods and crystal violet staining assay were used to evaluate the anti-bacterial, antibiofilm, and quorum quenching activity respectively. Results: Nanoformulation 20AIU4 (Oil-in-water) was prepared using A. indica aromatic oil, Tween-20 and water using the ultrasonication method. Nanoformulation contains particles with an average size of 52nm, Polydispersity Index (PDI) value of 1.000, 99.9 % transmittance, and thermodynamically stable for three months. 20AIU4 nanoformulation inhibits the bacterial growth of the Staphylococcus aureus Microbial Type Culture Collection (MTCC) 902 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 424 with the inhibition zone of 14.76 ± 0.4nm and 13.50 ± 0.5nm respectively. A. indica aromatic oil nanoformulation was inhibited the (85.71% and 85%) of bacterial attachment and biofilm development (80.55% and 85.71%) against S. aureus MTCC 902 and P. aeruginosa MTCC 424 respectively. Nanoformulation shows anti-quorum sensing activity with inhibit Chromobacterium violaceum MTCC 2656 growth with an inhibition zone of 23.9 ± 0.36nm. Conclusion: The present study reveals that the A. indica aromatic oil nanoformulation 20AIU4 is a potent antibacterial agent that can be used against bacterial skin infections.
Megascolex Templeton, 1844 (Clitellata, Megascolecidae): description of a new species from the northern Eastern Ghats, India with taxonomic key to the Indian species
Authors: Narayanan Sasankan Prasanth , Naik Ayusmta , Mahata Anirban , Palita Sharat Kumar , Thomas Ambattu Paili , Paliwal Rahul
Published: December 2024

The earthworm fauna of the Eastern Ghats Hills in Peninsular India is still under explored. Here a new species, namely, Megascolex jamiesoni Narayanan & Paliwal, sp. nov. is described based on the specimens collected from the Eastern Ghats hills of Koraput district of Odisha state, India. It belongs to the ratus-species group. Members of this group are
characterized by the following features: spermathecal pores in intersegmental furrows 7/8/9, penial setae absent, holandric, calciferous glands absent, and seminal vesicles in segments 9 and 12. Present work provides a detailed description of the new species along with the illustrations of the key characters. Apart from this, a key for the Indian Megascolex species is provided. With the new findings, the range of Megascolex genus has been extended to further north in the Eastern Ghats Hills. With the discovery of the new taxa, the total number of species in the Megascolex genus has increased to 71, of these, 35 are found in India.
Features of Mercury Input with Wet Atmospheric Precipitation into the Territory of Barnaul (Altai Region)
Authors: Kolotushkina L.V. , Eyrikh S.S.
Published: December 2024

The problem of anthropogenic mercury pollution of the atmosphere of the Barnaul urbanized territory in the period 2016–2023 is considered. It is revealed that Hg concentration in atmospheric precipitation varied in a wide range of values: from <1 to 130 ng/l (volume-weighted concentration – 13.0 ng/l). HYSPLIT models backward trajectories of air masses movement in different seasons of the year were built, which showed the presence of both regional sources of Hg input (coal combustion at TPPs during the heating period) and transboundary Hg transfers from the territories of Central Asia, Europe and the Arctic. It was found that Hg concentrations in the snow cover of urban and background areas differ more than 3 times: 11.5 and 3.7 ng/l, respectively. It is noted that Hg concentrations in urban snow cover are 10.9–41.9 % lower than its values in precipitation sampled taken at the experimental site of IWEP SB RAS.
Biological Control Methods for Arthropod and Disease Pests in Managed Hives of Apis mellifera in Campeche, Mexico1
Authors: Vanoye Eligio Maximiliano , Dzib Castillo Benito Bernardo , Lazo Edith González , Almeyda Juan Manuel Ortega
Published: December 2024

Beekeeping activities involving Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) impact social, environmental, and economic aspects of daily life in Mexico. For this activity, the participation of women is crucial because they attend to, care for, and collect products from the hives. Beekeeping, however, can be significantly limited by arthropod and disease pests, thereby reducing production. This review was undertaken to identify agents or products of natural origin (i.e., biological control) that have been developed or have the potential to combat these pests. We found that managed hives in Campeche, Mexico are plagued by the varroa mite (Varroa destructor Anderson and Trueman) (Acari: Mesostigmata), the small hive beetle (Aethina tumida Murray) (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), the greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella L.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), and the microsporidia Vairimorpha apis (Zander) Tokarev et al. and Vairimorpha ceranae (Fries et al.) Tokarev et al. (Microsporidia: Nosematidae). Our review revealed at least 47 microorganisms or products of plant or microbial origin that have been assessed and/or developed for management of these pests in A. mellifera hives. All of these products can be easily obtained in Mexico and, thus, hold promise in the management of pests of A. mellifera hives in Mexico.
Application of Mathematical-Cartographic Modeling for comprehensive landslide hazard assessment using the Analytic Hierarchy Process in the territory of the city of Saratov
Authors:   Saratov State University, Danilov Vladimir A. , Morozova Valeria A. ,   Saratov State University, Moiseev Denis S. ,   Saratov State University
Published: December 2024

The city of Saratov is subject to landslide processes, which occupy a significant part of its territory. Anthropogenic factors, such as
irrational use of land, increasethe activation of landslide of the territory. The article considers natural factors as an aggregate influencing landslide
formation on the territory of Saratov city and evaluates them. Application of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method in combination with GIS
technologies allowed to reveal correlation dependencies between natural and anthropogenic factors influencing the occurrence and activation of
landslides. Weighting coefficients of risk factors helped to assess the vulnerability of different parts of thecity. One of the main research methods
wasthe use of statistical algorithms and methods of mathematical and cartographic modeling to create an integral map of the territory’s resistance to landslide processes. The obtained data are important for planning of urban areas and development of landslide prevention measures. The
created database can be used for systematic monitoring and accumulation of data on exogenous processes.
A Quality Improvement Approach to Reduce Peripheral Intravenous Catheter-Induced Thrombophlebitis: Improving Healthcare Outcomes in a Resource-Limited Setting
Authors:   ASHWINI- Gudalur Adivasi Hospital, Kothervayal, Gudalur, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India, Sony Dr. Sandra
Published: December 2024

Background: Peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC)-induced thrombophlebitis is a common complication
that poses significant healthcare challenges, particularly in resource-limited settings where access to sterile
equipment can be a challenge. This study aimed to enhance hand hygiene practices and improve the overall
management of PIVCs in a secondary care hospital in southern India, with the goal of reducing the
incidence of thrombophlebitis.
Methods: A quality improvement approach was adopted using a Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle to
implement structured interventions. These interventions included staff training on hand hygiene, PIVC
insertion techniques, and adherence monitoring. Data were collected through direct observations of
clinical practice, along with pre-and post-intervention assessments. Paired t-tests were employed to
evaluate the statistical significance of changes in compliance rates across the study period.
Results: Initial improvements in hand hygiene practices were noted, but compliance remained suboptimal
throughout the study period. Statistically, significant improvements were achieved in workspace
preparation, PIVC insertion techniques, and skin disinfection protocols. The incidence of PIVC-induced
thrombophlebitis decreased over time, indicating the potential benefits of the interventions in reducing
infection rates.
Conclusion: While the implemented interventions successfully enhanced technical skills and procedural
adherence, the persistence of low hand hygiene compliance highlights a critical area for further
improvement. Continuous education, monitoring, and reinforcement of hand hygiene practices are essential
to ensure sustainable improvements in PIVC management and overall patient outcomes.
Keywords: thrombophlebitis, peripheral intravenous catheter, hand hygiene, sterility, quality improvement,
resource-limited settings
METHODS AND TOOLS USED TO INVESTIGATE INTERACTION BETWEEN AEROSOLS AND CLOUDS
Authors:   “Henri Coandă” Air Force Academy, Braşov, Romania, PRISACARIU Vasile , Circiu Ionica , Tudor Alexandru
Published: December 2024

The interaction between aerosols and clouds is a relevant factor in global, regional
and local climate change. The scientific community is trying to provide relevant theoretical and
experimental benchmarks on aerosol loading, cloud formation patterns and trends. Aerosol–cloud
interactions play a vital role in global climate change and are associated with one of the greatest
uncertainties. In recent decades, due to its unique geographical location, the North Indian Ocean
(NIO) has been gaining significant attention among scientific communities. Deep understanding
of aerosols and their interaction with clouds in this region is very important both regionally and
globally.
The paper provides both an overview of the most used methods and tools used in experimental
approaches in the field, as well as an analysis methodology regarding aerosol-cloud interaction
scenarios.
THE PORTRAIT OF A LEADER - THE ROLE OF THE LEADER IN THE ROMANIAN AIR FORCE DURING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   “Henri Coandă” Air Force Academy, Braşov, Romania, DRAGOMIR Cristian
Published: December 2024

The history of the Romanian Air Force is full of examples regarding the quality of
the leaders who worked within this category of forces, and one of the aspects that made this
possible was the interest shown by this organization in attracting and training them. In today's
context, where the evolution of technology and the dynamics of global security require a new
approach to what is desired to be a framework for training and improving leaders, the Air Force
is forced to adopt a new approach to the process, one that can keep up with the imposed needs.
Human resource development is both an individual and organizational function and
responsibility. All air force personnel thus have the duty to take advantage of the facilities offered
by the military organization to improve their training and thus develop their knowledge and
leadership skills.
How Can Academics Engage as Public Intellectuals on Social Media Platforms? A Foucauldian Discourse Analysis of Social Media Guidelines
Authors: Yoon Ee-Seul , Moore Shannon
Published: December 2024

This paper examines how university policies are written to regulate the conduct of academics on social media, particularly the extent to which academics are discouraged from acting as public intellectuals on social media. Drawing on Michel Foucault, we analyze the social media guidelines developed by Canada’s 15 research-intensive universities, known as the U15. Our analysis illuminates that the guidelines articulate particular power relations between academics and their universities – relations that are increasingly influenced by the corporatization of higher education in the era of neoliberalism. We argue that social media guidelines represent emblematic discourses that discipline academics working in highly corporatized universities. Faculty may thus be less inclined to act as public intellectuals.
Teacher Identities in the Digital Age: A Cross-Provincial Analysis of Social Media Guidance for Educators
Authors: Porter Gemma
Published: December 2024

This paper examines employer policies and professional organization guidelines governing teacher use of social media across four Canadian provinces: New Brunswick, Ontario, Saskatchewan, and British Columbia. Findings indicate that current policies and guidance often overlook the nuanced role social media plays in shaping teacher identities, focusing instead on risk management and narrow definitions of professionalism. This study advocates for policies that better reflect the complexities of teacher identity formation within digital spaces, highlighting the need for supportive guidance that empowers educators in their online interactions. By addressing this gap, the study lays a foundation for future research and offers practical implications for teachers, employers, and policymakers committed to fostering constructive digital engagement and teacher identity development.
Effectiveness of the Combined Antipsychotic and Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) in Patients with First Episode Psychosis
Authors: Elsaid Nagy Nahla , Ezz El Din Azzam Hanan Mohamed , El Serafi Doha Mostafa , El Din Abdeen Mai Seif , Aly Shohdy Mostafa Mohamed , Elrassas Hanan Hany
Published: December 2024

Aim: This is a naturalistic controlled study to assess the efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) as an augmentation strategy in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP). Subjects and methods: Sixty-five patients diagnosed with FEP according to DSM-IV -TR were included. Patients with affective psychosis and/or any other major psychiatric disorders or neurological disorders were excluded. Fifty patients were allocated to ECT group treated with combined antipsychotics and ECT therapy, with maximum 12 sessions, and 15 patients were allocated to non ECT group treated by antipsychotic medications only. Severity of symptoms and treatment response of the subjects in both groups were measured using Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and Clinical Global Impression (CGI) at admission and discharge, and the percentage of change in the scores of both groups were compared. Results: At baseline, the ECT group showed significantly higher severity of symptoms. At the endpoint both groups had a significant decrease from basal score, yet the ECT group showed highly statistically significant difference as regard the percentage of change as scored by the BPRS, CGI, and total PANSS and all its subscales. These differences were more pronounced in positive vs. negative symptoms. Conclusion: The combination of ECT and antipsychotic medications could be an effective early psychosis intervention and showed better results than antipsychotic drugs used alone. However, in contrast to our expectation it did not decrease the duration of hospitalization.
Importance of Developing Emotional Intelligence in Preventing Addiction Syndrome
Authors: Mendelo Viktoriia , Zhylin Mykhailo , Koliadenko Nina , Ihnatovych Olena , Maksymets Svitlana
Published: December 2024

Aim: The social and psychological significance has prompted the study of Addiction Syndrome (AS) formation. The investigation of Emotional Intelligence (EI) and emotional personality regulation is a relevant consideration in the development of chemical dependency. The study aimed to establish the importance of EI in AS based on theoretical analysis and empirical study. Subjects and Methods: The research conducted a comparative analysis of empirical data acquired through a survey of 83 individuals diagnosed with chemical dependence syndrome and 87 individuals void of chemical dependence and other health concerns that could have impacted the study outcomes. The study utilized psychodiagnostic techniques such as the questionnaire “Development of Emotional Maturity of the Personality,” Emotional Intelligence Test MSCEIT-V 2.0, methodology for diagnosing various addictions, questionnaire “Propensity to Addiction to the Use of Psychoactive Substances,” and the Freiburg Multifactorial Personality Questionnaire. Results: The significance of EI in the development and formation AS in individuals aged 18-35 years under the influence of chemical psychoactive substances was theoretically substantiated. A moderate, negative correlation was discovered between EI and chemical dependence (rxy = -0.70) indicating that high EI is associated with low chemical dependence and vice versa. This leads to a decrease in the level of EI at high rates of chemical dependence formation. Conclusion: Studies have shown that underdevelopment of EI and its components is associated with an increased propensity to develop chemical dependency syndrome. Individuals may attempt to compensate for this deficiency by consuming psychoactive substances, consuming alcohol, or taking drugs to evoke unordinary sensations.
Dexmedetomidine
Authors: Peitl Vjekoslav , Vlahović Darko
Published: December 2024

Recent research highlights the potential of dexmedetomidine, an α2-adrenoreceptor agonist, as a preventive treatment for postpartum depression (PPD). Originally studied in anesthetic settings, dexmedetomidine has shown antidepressant effects, reducing agitation and depressive symptoms. It is sedative, anxiolytic, and analgesic, targeting α2-adrenoreceptors implicated in depression. Studies link increased α2-adrenoreceptor activity and reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels to PPD. Dexmedetomidine appears to modulate these pathways, promoting neuroplasticity and mood regulation.
The Geometry Theory of Intelligence Meets General Relativity
Authors: Saichandran Ketan Suhaas
Published: December 2024

Prior research has explored cognitive space-time primarily through the lens of how the brain represents and processes spatial and temporal information. This manuscript extends the geometry theory of intelligence from Riemannian to Lorentzian manifolds, introducing the concept of a different cognitive-spacetime. We unify Meng Lu's framework with ideas from general relativity, proposing a model where thought flows along geodesics in a cognitive-spacetime with time as an intrinsic dimension, influenced by cognitive masses and connected by cognitive wormholes. This approach provides a more comprehensive framework for understanding the dynamics of intelligence, memory, and cognitive processes.
Natural Regeneration, Genetic Diversity and Provenance of Introduced Fagus sylvatica L. Stands in Latvia
Authors: Ruņģis Dainis Edgars , Danusevičius Darius , Kembrytė-Ilčiukienė Rūta , Jansone Līga , Kempf Marta , Jansons Āris
Published: December 2024

European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) has a wide distribution range through Central and Western Europe, and is tolerant to a range of environmental factors and shade. Due to the wood quality and growth rate, there is increasing interest in this species in Northern Europe, which is further boosted by closer to nature forestry management practices, where shade tolerant species are essential. Latvia is located to the north of the natural range of European beech, but stands have been successfully established in the 19th century, using reproductive material of unknown origin. This study investigated the natural regeneration, genetic diversity and population structure, and provenance of Latvian F.sylvatica using nuclear microsatellite markers. Stands from two areas in western Latvia were analysed – Skede and Kaleti. Parent-offspring analyses did not identify a decrease in genetic diversity parameters in the naturally regenerated offspring, indicating that the introduced F.sylvatica populations have adapted to Latvian conditions, and natural regeneration has not decreased the genetic viability of these populations. Genetic diversity was low in Kaleti stand, probably as a result of the reproductive material used to establish this stand. Bayesian clustering analysis indicated that the most likely provenance of the Skede stand in Latvia was from southern Germany.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Neonates and Infants: New Frontiers for Its Prevention
Authors: Palazzolo Elisabetta , Rossi Letizia , Tarditi Gabriele , Galletta Francesca , Manti Sara , Esposito Susanna
Published: December 2024

.Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a primary cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants, with severe cases potentially leading to long-term respiratory issues like asthma. Globally, RSV affects 33.1 million children annually, resulting in 3.2 million hospitalizations. Despite its signifi-cant burden, treatment remains supportive, emphasizing the importance of prevention. This re-view explores current RSV prevention strategies, focusing on advancements in maternal immun-ization and monoclonal antibodies. Maternal vaccination during pregnancy has emerged as a promising approach, with the FDA-approved RSVpreF vaccine demonstrating 81.8% efficacy in reducing severe RSV infections during the first 90 days of life. Additionally, new monoclonal an-tibodies such as Nirsevimab represent key innovations. Nirsevimab offers single-dose protection, showing significant reductions in RSV hospitalizations across various studies and gaining ap-proval for universal use in regions like USA and Europe. Successful immunization programs, as seen in several countries, highlight the potential of broad implementation. While these develop-ments mark progress, further research is essential to optimize protocols, assess long-term out-comes, and expand access, aiming to alleviate RSV’s global health impact on infants and young children.
Geochemical Association of Gabbro and Magnetite Mineralization Using Principal Component Analysis, Winchospunta Prospect, Junín (Peru)
Authors: Poma-Inche Ivan , Muñoz-Fernández Neftalí , Chira-Fernández Jorge , Arias-Arzapalo Tito , Mejía-Cáceres Reynaldo , Mena-Osorio Favio , Hinojosa de la Sota José , Robles-Morales Eder , Marcelo-Ames Julio , Rodriguez-Flores Ruben
Published: December 2024

The aim of the study was to evaluate the geochemistry of the Winchos Gabbro and its association with magnetite mineralization at the Winchospunta prospect located in Carhuamayo-Junin, Peru. The methodology included systematic sampling of 24 rock and mineralization samples, petrographic and geochemical laboratory analyses using X-ray diffraction and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), with emphasis on the mineralogical composition and geochemistry of major elements (Fe₂O₃, SiO₂, MgO), trace elements (V, Cr, Cu), and rare earth elements (LREE and HREE). The results indicated that the Winchos Gabbro contains 12–16% Fe₂O₃, while the Mitu Group volcanics contain 16–23%, in contrast with the massive magnetite in the region, which reaches Fe₂O₃ concentrations between 69% and 87%. These observations suggest a strong genetic connection between the Winchos Gabbro, the Mitu volcanics, and the formation of magnetite, reinforced by the association of trace elements such as V, Cr, and Cu, typical of magmatic and hydrothermal processes. Principal component analysis showed clear groupings, where elements like Cu and U are associated with hydrothermal phases, while Fe and Zn exhibit affinities with metal oxides. These results confirm that the magnetite mineralization in Winchospunta formed under conditions of hydrothermal-magmatic interaction, with differential contributions of elements from the intrusive and volcanic rocks, consolidating its potential as a significant mineral deposit.
Endothelial Dysfunction And Oxidative Stress In Patients With Severe Coronary Artery Disease: Does Diabetes Play A Contributing Role?
Authors: Boieriu Alexandra Maria , Luca Cezar Dumitrel , Neculoiu Daniela Carmen , BISOC ALINA , Țînț Diana
Published: December 2024

Background and objectives: Endothelial dysfunction (ED) and oxidative stress play major contributions in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Diabetes is a pathological state associated with endothelial damage and enhanced oxidative stress. This study evaluated endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in severe coronary artery disease (CAD) patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, comparing those with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Materials and methods: We included 84 patients with severe coronary artery disease (33 of whom had type 2 diabetes mellitus) who underwent clinical assessments, ultrasound, and coronary angiography. The SYNTAX I score was calculated from the coronary angiogram. Blood samples were collected to measure plasma serotonin (5-HT; SER) levels, as well as superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD-1) and lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) to assess oxidative stress. Brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was used as a surrogate for endothelial dysfunction (ED), along with serum concentrations of 5-HT Results: The coronary atherosclerotic burden, assessed using the SYNTAX I score, was more severe in patients with CAD and associated T2DM compared to those with CAD without T2DM (30.5 [17-54] vs. 29 [17-48]; p=0.05). The SYNTAX score was found to be positively correlated with T2DM (p=0.029; r=0.238). ED measured by FMD was associated with T2DM (p=0.042; r=-0.223), with lower FMD measurements in T2DM patients when compared with individuals without this pathology (2.43% (0.95-5.67) vs. 3.46% (1.02-6.75);p=0.079). Also, in the studied population T2DM was correlated with serum 5-HT levels (764.78± 201 ng/ml vs. 561.06±224 ng/ml;p<0.001; r=0.423) with higher plasma circulating levels of 5-HT in patients with T2DM.No statistically significant differences for oxidative stress markers (SOD-1 and LOX-1) were obtained when comparing T2DM and non T2DM patients with severe CAD. Conclusion: ED (as assessed by brachial FMD and serum 5-HT) is more severe in patients in diabetic patients with severe CAD scheduled for CABG surgery, while oxidative stress (as evaluated through serum SOD-1 and LOX-1 concentrations) was not influenced by the presence of T2DM in this specific population. The most important finding of the present study is that circulating 5-HT levels are markedly influenced by T2DM. 5-HT receptor targeted therapy might be of interest in patients undergoing CABG, but further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
Energy Consumption and Decarbonization for In-person and Online Conferences Utilizing Life Cycle Assessment Method
Authors: Mannheim Viktoria , Avató Judit Lovasné
Published: December 2024

This research study presents a comparison of an in-person and an online conference in terms of environmental impact and energy efficiency. The main goal of our research was to prepare a complete life cycle assessment of a two-day (15-hour), 200-participant in-person (with and without travel) and online conference for different functional units by comparing the carbon footprint values. Life cycle assessment methods focus on the numerical determination of the decarbonisation of conference consumption (lunch, dinner, food and beverage consumption during program breaks) and conference organisation (organisational discussions, correspondence, Abstract booklet, registration package). The meals were examined by connecting the stages of preparation, cooking, consumption and end-of-life cycle, i.e. we performed a cradle-to-grave LCA analysis. We paid particular attention to the calculation of energy consumption, which we covered in detail. In conclusion, there is no outstanding difference between the impact assessment methods for the carbon footprint investigation. The carbon footprint value is 57% of the total impact of an entire in-person conference. The environmental impact of meals is the second largest, with 8.41 kg CO2 equivalent/person/hour. Excluding meals and travel, the calculated carbon footprint is 0.362 kg CO2 equivalent/person/hour (only considering the effect of preparation, organisation, administration and registration package).
Incidence and Impact of Myocarditis in Genetic Cardiomyopathies: Inflammation as a Potential Therapeutic Target
Authors: Lutokhina Yulia , Zaklyazminskaya Elena , Kogan Evgeniya , Nartov Andrei , Nartova Valeriia , Blagova Olga
Published: December 2024

Myocardial disease is an important component of the wide field of cardiovascular disease. However, the phenomenon of multiple myocardial diseases in a single patient remains understudied. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence and impact of myocarditis in patients with genetic cardiomyopathies and to evaluate the outcomes of myocarditis treatment in the context of cardiomyopathies. A total of 342 patients with primary cardiomyopathies were enrolled. The study cohort included 125 patients with left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC), 100 with primary myocardial hypertrophy syndrome, 70 with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), 60 with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and 30 with restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM). The diagnosis of myocarditis was based on data from myocardial morphological examination or a non-invasive diagnostic algorithm consisting of an analysis of clinical presentation, anti-cardiac antibody (Ab) titres and cardiac MRI. The prevalence of myocarditis was 74.3% in ARVC, 56.7% in DCM, 54.4% in LVNC, 37.5% in RCM and 30.9% in HCM. Myocarditis had primary viral or secondary autoimmune nature and manifested with the onset or worsening of chronic heart failure (CHF) and arrhythmias. Treatment of myocarditis in cardiomyopathies has been shown to stabilise or improve patient condition and reduce the likelihood of adverse outcomes.
LLMs for Insurance: Opportunities, Challenges and Concerns
Authors: Cao Chunling , Yao Xiuling , Gong Wenying , Li Yutong , Pan Yang , Zhang Jinghan , Yang Yuechen , Zhao Chaoran
Published: December 2024

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized the financial services sector by enhancing data processing, decision-making, and customer interaction. Particularly in the insurance industry, LLMs facilitate significant advancements by automating complex processes and personalizing customer engagements, which increases efficiency and satisfaction. This paper explores the integration of LLMs within the insurance sector, highlighting their capabilities in sentiment analysis, risk assessment, and tailored service provision. However, deploying these models presents substantial challenges concerning data privacy, security, and the ethical implications of automated decision-making. Ensuring the fairness and transparency of AI-driven processes is imperative to address potential biases and maintain consumer trust. The paper also discusses robust risk management strategies essential for implementing LLMs in sensitive environments, focusing on continuous monitoring and the need for regular updates to security practices and compliance with data protection laws. The insurance industry can leverage LLMs to improve operational efficiencies and enhance customer service and risk management practices, positioning themselves at the forefront of technological innovation in the financial sector.
Advanced Modelling and Control of Hybrid AC-DC/DC-DC Conversion Systems in Smart Microgrids: Integrating Offshore Wind Energy with Enhanced Protection Strategies and Battery Storage Management
Authors: Akhter Muhammad Ovais
Published: December 2024

This research presents a comprehensive framework for smart microgrid systems, focusing on the integration of offshore wind farms through advanced hybrid AC-DC and DC-DC conversion technologies. The study introduces a novel Model Predictive Control (MPC) approach that incorporates detailed wind dynamics, including speed, direction, and turbulence, while addressing critical aspects such as wind farm layout and wake effects. The proposed framework encompasses both AC-DC and DC-DC conversion systems, integrating Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) and sophisticated protection mechanisms for enhanced grid stability and reliability. The research addresses power conversion challenges through a multi-layered approach. For AC-DC conversion, it develops advanced control strategies to manage the interface between offshore wind farms and the DC microgrid, ensuring efficient power capture and grid stability. Simultaneously, for DC-DC conversion, it implements Multi-Terminal (MT) topologies with sophisticated state-of-charge (SOC) management strategies for BESS, utilizing integral calculus for precise charge-discharge cycle calculations, thereby extending battery life and improving system performance. Protection systems are integrated across both AC-DC and DC-DC domains, incorporating current-based and voltage-based fault detection schemes, alongside traveling wave techniques for accurate fault location. The study details the coordinated control of AC/DC breakers with both converter types, emphasizing the role of Solid-State Circuit Breakers (SSCB) in rapid fault isolation. Furthermore, the research introduces redundancy measures, fault-tolerant control, and self-healing methodologies to enhance system reliability across the entire conversion chain. The proposed framework prioritizes cost-effectiveness through optimal utilization of solar PV sources and wind energy, while maintaining seamless transitions between grid-connected and islanded operation modes. This comprehensive approach integrates protection systems for both AC and DC faults, coordinated control strategies, and advanced power management techniques, contributing to the development of more resilient, efficient, and sustainable smart microgrid systems. The research outcomes demonstrate significant improvements in grid stability, power quality, and overall system reliability, paving the way for enhanced integration of offshore renewable energy sources through sophisticated power conversion architectures.
Regional Housing Supply and Demand Imbalance Qualitative Analysis in U.S. Based on Big Data
Authors: Tang Yiqiu , Zhao Shenghan , Chen Yanjun
Published: December 2024

The United States housing market has historically exhibited regional imbalances in housing supply and demand, which have contributed to reduced housing affordability and market volatility. The application of big data technology enables the utilisation of data to enhance comprehension of these imbalances, thereby informing the formulation of policy. We put forth a model for analyzing the housing supply and demand based on big data, which employs a comprehensive approach to examine both the demand and supply sides. With regard to the demand side, the model incorporates a multitude of data sources to ascertain and delineate the pivotal elements influencing housing demand. These include population growth rate, household income level, employment opportunity distribution, migration and flow trends, and cost of living. By constructing cubes, the model is capable of capturing the characteristics of dynamic demand changes in different regions. With regard to the supply side, the model assesses land use, building materials and labor costs, the timeliness of building permitting and approval processes, and the impact of regional policies and regulations. By means of a quantitative analysis of the aforementioned factors, the model is able to identify housing supply bottlenecks in different regions. The model's efficacy in identifying significant imbalances between supply and demand in the United States housing market was validated through experimental analysis of historical data.
A Robust Clustering Framework Combining Minimum Description Length and Genetic Optimization
Authors: Jahani Hoda , Zamio Fabio
Published: December 2024

Clustering algorithms have been instrumental in advancing the field of data analysis, providing valuable techniques for organizing data into meaningful groups. However, individual clustering algorithms often suffer from inherent criteria limitations and biases, which prevent the development of a universal clustering method capable of delivering optimal solutions across diverse datasets. Addressing this challenge, we propose a novel clustering method that combines the Minimum Description Length (MDL) principle with a genetic optimization algorithm to overcome these limitations. The proposed method begins by generating an initial clustering solution using an ensemble clustering technique. This initial solution serves as a baseline, which is subsequently refined through evaluation functions grounded in the MDL principle and optimized using a genetic algorithm. By integrating the MDL principle, the proposed method not only incorporates external information from the input clusters but also adapts to the intrinsic properties of the dataset, thereby reducing the dependence of the final results on the input clusters. This adaptive approach ensures that the clustering process remains data-driven and robust. The effectiveness of the proposed method was evaluated using thirteen standard datasets, employing four widely recognized validation criteria: accuracy, normalized mutual information (NMI), Fisher score, and adjusted Rand index (ARI). Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method consistently produces clusters with superior accuracy, greater stability, and reduced biases compared to traditional clustering methods. The results highlight the method's versatility, making it suitable for clustering a wide range of datasets with diverse characteristics. By leveraging the strengths of MDL and genetic optimization, this study presents a robust and adaptable clustering framework that advances the field of data clustering, offering a reliable tool for handling complex and varied datasets.
A New Method for Improving Tracking Accuracy of Aero-Engine On-Board Model Based on Separability Index and Reverse Searching
Authors: Li Hui , Guo Yingqing , Ren Xinyu
Published: December 2024

Throughout the service life, aero-engine will experience a series of health conditions due to the inevitable performance degradation of its major components, and characteristics will deviate from their initial states. For improving tracking accuracy of the self-tunning on-board engine model on the engine output variables throughout the engine service life, a new method based on separability index and reverse search algorithm is proposed in this paper. By using this method, a qualified training set of neural networks can be constructed on the basis of eSTORM (enhanced Self Tuning On-board Real-time Model) database, and the problem that the accuracy of neural networks is reduced or even the training process is not convergent can be solved. Compared with the method of introducing sample memory factor, the method proposed in this paper makes the self-tunning on-board model maintain higher tracking accuracy in the whole engine life, and the algorithm is simple enough for implementation. Finally, the training set center generated in the calculation process of the proposed method can be used for real-time monitoring of engine gas path parameters without additional calculation. Compared with the commonly used sliding window method, the proposed method avoids the problem of low algorithm efficiency caused by fewer abnormal data samples.
Evaluating Sustainable Social Growth in Selected BRI Developing Economies: A Quantitative Approach
Authors: Khan Tayyab , Wei Long , Khan Ayesha , Awwad Fuad A , Ismail Emad A.A. , Ahmad Maaz
Published: December 2024

As sustainable development becomes increasingly important globally, the BRI has been characterized mainly by infrastructure, technological transformation, regional connectivity, commerce, and digitization. Based on the BRI effort, it is expected that there will be continual improvement in social growth, efficiency, and productivity. The comparatively low homogeneity in result-making within the countries of the BRI has led to the development of many theoretical explanations. On the other hand, previous studies have exclusively focused on a mere economic explanation of growth and excluded the social factors. Furthermore, earlier research has often neglected the cross-sectional dependence between and across nations and the heterogeneity in analyzing issues concerning social growth. This paper examines the macroeconomic indicators of sustainable social growth in 42 selected BRI developing countries from 1995 to 2022. This study uses cross-sectional dependence and heterogeneity, Kao cointegration, PMG approach, FMOLS and DOLS robustness check, and Dumitrescu Hurlin causality. The results suggest that healthcare, quality of education, technological innovation, BRI involvement, GDP, and FDI are socially influencing factors of sustainable social growth. The results indicate that there is a bidirectional causality between quality education and healthcare, FDI, GDP per capita, and the BRI*GDP terms with social growth. The findings of this study can, therefore, be helpful when designing policies concerning both economic and social determinants, such as human capital activities, healthcare, FDI, and technological innovations.
Leveraging Predictive Analytics to Optimize Crop Yield in Plant Biotechnology
Authors: Dave Elevane , Segun Oluwaleye
Published: December 2024

Agriculture faces unprecedented challenges, including climate variability, limited resources, and the need to feed a growing global population. To address these issues, plant biotechnology has turned to predictive analytics—a data-driven approach combining machine learning, statistical modeling, and big data analysis—to optimize crop yield. By leveraging diverse data sources such as weather patterns, soil quality, and crop health, predictive analytics enables precision agriculture, offering tailored strategies for planting, irrigation, and pest management. This article explores the integration of predictive analytics into plant biotechnology, highlighting its role in enhancing decision-making, improving sustainability, and boosting productivity. Real-world applications, such as forecasting yield fluctuations and mitigating risks from pests and diseases, demonstrate its transformative potential. However, challenges remain, including data accessibility, high implementation costs, and the need for broader technology adoption among farmers.
Hsp90 Is Required in Epimorphic Regeneration
Authors: Li Zhe , Qiao Hanchao , Hays Deli , Zhang Jingfa , Ren Qi , Xu Yixin , Qi Delin , Liang Yujun
Published: December 2024

Hsp90, a critical molecular chaperone, is instrumental in modulating an array of signaling path-ways, transcription factors, and cytokines, with its overexpression intricately tied to the onset of tumorigenesis. While the modulation of Hsp90 holds potential for facilitating tissue regeneration, its functional implications in epimorphic regeneration remain largely uncharted. This study ex-plored the role of Hsp90 in tail regeneration in axolotls and compared it to its roles in other epi-morphic regeneration processes, such as tail fin regeneration in zebrafish and tail regeneration in amphioxus. Our findings indicated that Hsp90α, the inducible subtype of Hsp90, exhibited dis-tinctive and dynamic expression patterns throughout these regeneration processes. The knock-down of Hsp90α via morpholinos or the pharmacological inhibition of Hsp90 using geldanamycin following tail amputation in axolotls hindered regeneration. Similar phenotypes of failed regen-eration due to Hsp90 inhibition were also observed in zebrafish and amphioxus. Furthermore, cellular evidence suggested that the suppression of Hsp90 results in diminished cell proliferation and elevated apoptosis, partially accounting for the observed impairment in regeneration. RNA-seq analysis of Hsp90-inhibited and control axolotls and zebrafish provided deeper insights into the regulatory mechanism of Hsp90 in regeneration. Numerous differentially expressed genes identified are transcription factor genes or key signaling genes involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, cancer development, and the immune response. These findings imply that Hsp90 is essential in epimorphic regeneration processes and its functional roles appear to be conserved among chordates as a pivotal regulator in the regeneration process.
Weekdays and Weekends Differences in the Timing of Food Depends on Urban or Rural Living
Authors: Santos Jefferson Souza , Crispim Cibele Aparecida , Skene Debra Jean , Moreno Claudia Roberta de Castro
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives: Studies have detailed the variation in food content to work/school demands suggesting changes in food preferences across the week. Despite the variation in food composition in the population, there is no evidence identifying differences in food intake times and composition across the days of the week in urban/rural locations. Thus, the study’s aim was to identify weekday vs weekend differences in food intake times and composition (calories) between urban and rural areas. Methods: Data from 5,770 participants were analyzed from the National Household Budget Survey (POF-IBGE) consisting of two distinct food diaries records (weekday + weekend) per individual, including area (urban or rural) information. Results: During weekdays, the time of the first food intake was significantly earlier, and the last food intake time was significantly later compared to weekends, resulting in a longer eating window on weekdays in both urban and rural areas. People living in urban areas exhibited delayed first and last food intake times, resulting in later caloric and eating midpoints compared to people living in rural areas. Periodogram analysis detected weekly rhythmicity (7 days) in the time of the first food intake and the length of the eating window in urban residents. Conclusions: These findings show that people living in urban areas will be exposed to the consequences of inappropriate food intake times, such as overweight/obesity, along with circadian misalignment. Our study demonstrates that urbanization contributes to delayed food intake times and the maintenance of a rhythmic 7-day pattern, which was not observed in rural areas.