bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Early Feeding Alterations Among Preterm Infants and Their Relationship to Early Neurobehavior
Authors: Grabill Molly , Smith Joan , Ibrahim Carolyn , Pineda Roberta
Published: May 2023

Importance: Feeding difficulties are common among preterm infants during neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalization. Although most preterm infants achieve full oral feeding by term-equivalent age, whether feeding difficulties persist despite the infant taking full volume and whether these difficulties may relate to other neurobehavioral challenges remain unclear.

Objective: To identify the prevalence of feeding problems among preterm infants and the relationships between infant feeding behaviors and neurobehavior at term-equivalent age.

Design: Cohort study.

Setting: Level 4 NICU with 85 beds.

Participants: Thirty-nine very preterm infants born ≤32 wk gestation (range = 22–32 wk). Exclusion criteria were congenital anomalies, >32 wk gestation at birth, and lack of feeding or neurobehavioral assessment at term-equivalent age.

Outcomes and Measures: Standardized feeding assessments using the Neonatal Eating Outcome Assessment and standardized neurobehavioral evaluation using the NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale.

Results: Thirty-nine infants (21 female) were included in the final analysis. The mean Neonatal Eating Outcome Assessment score was 66.6 (SD = 13.3). At term-equivalent age, 10 infants (26%) demonstrated feeding challenges, 21 (54%) demonstrated questionable feeding issues, and 8 (21%) demonstrated normal feeding performance. Lower Neonatal Eating Outcome Assessment scores (poorer feeding performance) at term-equivalent age were associated with more suboptimal reflexes (p = .04) and hypotonia (p < .01).

Conclusions and Relevance: Feeding challenges and questionable feeding performance were prevalent among preterm infants at term-equivalent age and appeared in conjunction with suboptimal reflexes and hypotonia. Understanding this finding enables therapists to take a holistic approach to addressing feeding difficulties.

What This Article Adds: Elucidating the relationships between feeding performance and neurobehavior during the neonatal period allows for a better understanding of potential contributors to early feeding challenges and identifies targets for intervention.
El nuevo modelo de gestión laboral de la migración a partir de la reforma operada por el Real Decreto 629/2022, de 26 de julio
Authors: Ramos Poley Luis
Published: May 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo es el estudio de los aspectos más destacados de la reforma operada a través del Real Decreto 629/2022, de 26 de julio, que modifica el Reglamento de la Ley orgánica 4/2000, sobre derechos y libertades de los extranjeros en España y su integración social, tras su reforma por Ley orgánica 2/2009, aprobado por el Real Decreto 557/2011, de 20 de abril. Es una reforma que afecta a la inmigración, y este trabajo se va a fijar, de forma general, en el actual contexto internacional y europeo y, en particular, en las distintas vías de acceso afectadas por el cambio normativo, que, entre otros aspectos, establece novedades respecto a nuevas vías de acceso o modificaciones sobre las ya existentes. Se puede concluir que se ha introducido una nueva forma de gestionar la migración laboral y es relevante no solo por su contenido, sino que además se hace especialmente importante por su envergadura, en cuanto al número de personas que se acogen a estas vías de acceso a nuestro país con el objetivo de trabajar. En definitiva, es una reforma orientada particularmente a gestionar la inmigración. Concretamente, este trabajo se centrará en estudiar el contexto internacional y europeo donde se asienta la reforma, afectado por la necesidad de mano de obra extranjera, que también incumbe a España. Se analizan las modificaciones producidas en el Catálogo de ocupaciones de difícil cobertura, el arraigo laboral y social, la creación del arraigo para la formación, la migración por estudios, la flexibilización del acceso al trabajo por cuenta propia por parte de personas extranjeras, la reformulación de la gestión colectiva de contrataciones en origen y, ligado a esto, cómo ha afectado la reforma a la gestión colectiva para el año 2023.
Investigation of the Effect of the Modified Nutrition Risk in Critically Ill Score on the Length of Stay in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Kalın Burhan Sami , Altun Koray , Sert Ali İhsan , Kurt Çelebi Nevin , Aktiz Bıçak Esra , Savuşma Bahattin
Published: May 2023

Objective: Modified Nutrition Risk in Critically Patients is a classification scale that has been widely used all over the world recently to determine the level and degree of nutritional risk in individuals treated in intensive care units. It was analyzed whether the length of stay in the intensive care units as different in individuals classified according to the Modified Nutrition Risk in Critically score level.
Methods: In this retrospective study, which included 100 patients, the age and gender of the patients, the laboratory parameters at the time of first admission to the intensive care units, the prognostic indicators including the Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation Score II, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, and Modified Nutrition Risk in Critically scores calculated in the first day, the need for invasive mechanical ventilation, and if ventilated duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, intensive care units length of stay, comorbid conditions, and death rate were recorded.
Results: Sixty (60%) patients were male. The median age was 66 (48-79) years. The patients with high Modified Nutrition Risk in Critically score were 26 (26%). Intensive care units length of stay was 19 (10-38) days. Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation II score was 18 (11-24). Mortality rate was 39%. High Modified Nutrition Risk in Critically score group had higher Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, the necessity of invasive mechanical ventilation, length of stay in the critical care unit, and death rate as compared to low Modified Nutrition Risk in Critically score group (for all P > .05) and need of invasive mechanical ventilation and Modified Nutrition Risk in Critically score ≥ 5 were shown to have a remarkable influence on length of stay in the critical care unit.
Conclusion: The need for invasive mechanical ventilation and Modified Nutrition Risk in Critically score ≥ 5 were shown to have remarkable influence on intensive care units length of stay.
Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Blended Learning Pada Program Diklat Pelaut Berbasis Kebutuhan Industri
Authors: Widiatmaka Pambudi , Navy Abritia Rufiajid , Nurhidayati Indah
Published: May 2023

Politeknik Ilmu Pelayaran  Semarang has one of the trainings for seafarers, ATT II training. The current education model is still considered not to provide optimal competence, so competency improvement is needed. This research was conducted by analyzing and discussing the current learning model with various parties. This study emphasizes a combination of learning after student officers have received the material face-to-face and in the laboratory. It is necessary to carry out learning using blended learning so that it is expected to improve practical competence. This research was conducted using research and development methods. The stages of the model made are factual models, theoretical models, hypothetical models, model trials, and final models. The research results on the factual model show that several aspects can still be improvised, namely in planning, organization, implementation, and monitoring (evaluation). Based on the development of existing theories, a blended learning model is compiled that can provide an innovative and valuable learning experience for students. Blended learning combined with experiential learning in the field, known as fieldwork programs, will encourage competencies and skills, especially psychomotor aspects. The trial test results show a significant difference with a sig value of 0.000, the initial group value was 79.71, and the final group was 85.10. The final model tested and validated by experts shows that blended learning can improve students' competence.
Online-based English Reading Learning Model in the New Normal Era (Post-Pandemic Covid-19)
Authors: Atmowardoyo Haryanto , Sakkir Geminastiti
Published: May 2023

This article is part of research entitled "Online-based Student English Learning Models in Facing Curriculum Changes in the New Normal Era." This research was conducted to see and identify online-based reading learning models for students. The research method is a descriptive qualitative method using a questionnaire and the final assignment of the Project course (Lesson Plan and Instruction). The number of samples used was 52 students who took the Project course (Lesson Plan and Instruction). Of the 52 students, 7 students chose to teach the reading skill. Data analysis includes observation, open coding, and axial coding. The results reveal that the media used by students in learning reading skills is divided into online media 57.14% (4 students) and 42.85% offline (3 students) in learning reading skills. Applications used by students in learning reading are divided into Zoom, face-to-face/ offline, Quizzes, PPT, and YouTube. The learning methods that students apply in learning reading are Communicative Language Teaching (14.28%), Guided Discovery Learning (14.28%), Audio Lingual Method (14.28%), Suggestopedia (14.28%), Discovery Learning (14.28%), Total Physical Response (14.28%) and Community Language Learning (14.28%). The topics presented included: Comparison; Narrative text; Personal Letters; Description, and Notice.
HISTOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF CAFFEINATED SOFT DRINK AND ENERGY DRINK ON THE HEPATOCYTE OF THE ADULT RATS
Authors: SAIRA MUNAWAR  , MUHAMMAD SUHAIL  , GODFREY PAUL WILLIAM
Published: May 2023

Objective/Background: Ever rising trend of consuming soft drinks and energy drinks has raised concerns about their safety. Hence, this study was designed to observe the potential adverse effects of most commonly consumed soft drink, Coca Cola (containing caffeine) and energy drink, Red Bull(caffeine and taurine) on the morphology and histology of hepatocyte of rats.

Material and Methods: 45 albino rats were divided into three equal groups, control group A and experimental groups B and C. 11ml/kg body weight of distilled water, Coca Cola and Red Bull were given to groups A, B and C respectively for 8 weeks. Later the rats were sacrificed and livers were dissected and preserved in formaline for histological examination.

Results: Hepatocytes of both experimental groups B and C were rounded and enlarged in comparison to control group with p value of <0.01. Both group B and C had swelling and ballooning of hepatocyte due to hydropic degeneration and appeared vacuolated in comparison to control group (p value <0.001). Hepatocyte of experimental groups had greater diameter in comparison to control (p value <0.001). However, the coca cola receiving experimental group had an average higher diameter in comparison to group receiving Red Bull (p value 0.01).

Conclusion: Both, caffeinated drinks (soft and energy drinks) have adversely affected morphology as well as histology of hepatocyte of adult albino rats. However, the Coca Cola group was affected more in comparison to Red Bull group probably due to its hepatoprotective constituent, taurine in addition to caffeine (which was present in both drinks), somehow reducing its toxic effect.
FEEDING PATTERNS AMONG INFANTS IN URBAN SLUM AREAS OF LAHORE
Authors: MARYAM WAHEED  , TARIQ JAVAID  , ZUMARA BASHIR  , MISS HUMA  , YASIR ALI SHAH  , IRFAN BASHIR
Published: May 2023

Objective: The present study was designed to determine the feeding patterns and associated limitations in a cohort of 210 infants.

Design: Cross sectional study through quantitative and qualitative data during their first year of life.

Place and Duration of Study: It was conducted in Govt Kot Khawaja Saeed Teaching Hospital affiliated with King Edward Medical University. Duration of study was 1 year from 1st March 2016 to 28th February 2017.

Patients and Methods: Practices related to the feeding of milk and weaning foods of 210 infants were assessed in a defined community of Lahore; 160 Infants from outdoor (Group 1) and 50 infants from immunization clinic (Group 2).

Results: 98.5 % of mothers started breast feeding. Exclusive breast fed was only 40% among them, 38% percent infants were given supplemental bottle feeding during first month. The most common reason for starting supplemental feed was perceived “insufficiency” of breast milk (60%) and work load of mother. The mean age for weaning was 4.2 months, while 36% could not be weaned up to one year of age. Weaning was earlier in infants of poor socioeconomic class. The main reason of failure of weaning was rejection of semisolid feed by infant.

Conclusion: The exclusive breastfeeding was observed in a small proportion of infants. In most cases, weaning was inappropriate and delayed. There is a great need to educate the mothers for early and exclusive breastfeeding for their infants and the use of proper weaning techniques.
NON-OBSTETRICAL VAGINAL TRAUMA: CAUSES AND COMPLICATIONS
Authors: MAIMOONA ASHRAF  , NAZIA TAHIR  , HAFSA
Published: May 2023

Non-Obstetrical vaginal trauma in a common occurrence but is under reported. It is commonly related to coital trauma but may also be a consequence of direct penetrating trauma. automobile accident and post menopausal atrophy. All these injuries may range from minor vaginal laceration to life threatening hemorrhage. The peculiar thing about these injuries is marked delay in seeking professional help as a patient perceives it as a social stigma. History may be miss- leading, with resistance in examination .under estimation of blood loss leading to erroneous diagnosis and hence delayed prompt treatment.

Objective; Our study intends to the report the relative contribution of various causes leading to non-Obstetrical vaginal trauma with its resultant morbidity and mortality amongst patient managed in its tertiary care hospital and two private hospital during the study period.

Material & Methods: It was descriptive study from 1st July 2015 to 30 June 2016 at Lahore general hospital which is a teaching hospital attached to Ameer ud din medical collage and post graduate medical institute. Researchers also included cases managed in two private hospitals. All cases with suspicion of sexual assault and medicoligal involvement were excluded. These patients underwent examination under anesthesia for exact anatomical location of injury, any collateral damage and primary definite surgical repair along with blood transfusion. They were advised to come for follow up six weeks latter.

Results: Collectively 40 patients of non-Obstetrical vaginal trauma were managed as emergency cases majority 34 cases (85 %) were due to coital trauma and six cases (15%) due to non-coital trauma, commonest mode of presentation was vaginal bleed with varying degree of shock 28 cases (70 %), bilateral valval hematoma four cases (10 %), fecal incontinence from 4th degree perinea tear two cases (05%), urinary incontinence one case (2.5 %) and urinary retention one case (2.5 %). Blood transfusions were required in 37 causes ranging from 02 to 12 units of blood. Transfusion reaction developed in four cases (10.8 %), sepsis in two cases (5.4 %), acute renal failure necessitating dialysis in one case (2.7 %). One patient died of hemorrhagic shocked. Only 11 cases reported for follow up visit, 06 had depression, 03 deep dysparenia and two vaginismus. Rest were lost to follow up.

Conclusion: Our study concluded that the most common cause of non-obstetrical vaginal trauma is coital injury sustained at consummation of marriage. Although majority recovered well yet its prevention poses a great challenge to the gynecologist community.
Fostemsavir (Rukobia)
Authors: CADTH
Published: May 2023

CADTH recommends that Rukobia be reimbursed by public drug plans for the treatment of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) infection in heavily treatment-experienced adults with multidrug-resistant (MDR) HIV-1 infection for whom it is otherwise not possible to construct a suppressive antiviral regimen due to resistance, intolerance, or safety considerations if certain conditions are met.

Rukobia should be covered for patients living with HIV-1 whose disease does not respond to the majority of antiretroviral therapies (ARVs) available (ARVs in at least 3 classes) because the available ARVs no longer work, for those who cannot tolerate side effects, or for those who have other safety concerns. In addition, patients should have 1 fully active available drug left in no more than 2 ARV classes based on current and/or documented historical resistant testing. Lastly, Rukobia should be covered for patients who have a viral load that suggests poor control of their infection (≥ 400 copies/mL of HIV-1 ribonucleic acid [RNA]).

Rukobia should only be reimbursed if it is initially prescribed by, or in conjunction with, a physician who specializes in the management of HIV-1 infection and if the cost of Rukobia is reduced. Reimbursement of Rukobia should be discontinued if the patient’s viral load is not improving, as this suggests that treatment is not working.
Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Law
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Gulyamov Said , Rustambekov Islambek ,   Tashkent State University of Law, Khazratkulov Odilbek ,   Tashkent State University of Law, Allah Rakha Naeem ,   Tashkent State University of Law, Abduvaliev Bokhadir ,   Khokimiyat of Yunusabad district
Published: May 2023

The book covers the basic concepts of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics’ legal functions. It develops the foundation that what types of law and regulation are exist and how law will applies in the newest field. This book examines the concepts of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning to understand the historical development of Artificial Intelligence. How emerging robot and Artificial Intelligence technologies are being regulated in different countries, how Machine Learning base action can be liable under the law? To understand the principle of Ethics and its importance in Machine Learning, Policy guideline for national security, what is the legal status of Robots under the IP framework? Economic impact of transforming business activities and How Machine Learning tools play a role in public decision-making, and Artificial Intelligence increase transparency? Each chapter explains the concept with a relevant example and legal policies that design further research discussions.
ANALISIS PERSEPSI PETANI TERHADAP USAHA PELAYANAN JASA ALSINTAN (UPJA) DI UPJA TIRTOSARI, GUNUNGKIDUL, D.I. YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Irwanto Irwanto
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat persepsi petani terhadap Usaha Pelayanan Jasa Alsintan (UPJA) dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi persepsi petani terhadap UPJA. Penelitian dilakukan dengan teknik survey, analisis deskriptif dan statistik inferensial. Lokasi penelitian ditentukan secara purposive yaitu Kabupaten Gunungkidul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Sampel UPJA ditentukan secara purposive yaitu UPJA Tirtosari. Sampel petani ditentukan secara purposive yaitu petani pelanggan UPJA sebanyak 30 responden. Analisis tingkat persepsi petani terhadap UPJA secara statitik deskripstif kuantitatif menggunakan skala Likert dengan       skor 1 - 5, dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi persepsi petani menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan metode Ordinary Least Square (OLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi petani terhadap UPJA dengan nilai skor 4.31 dalam kategori sangat baik. Faktor-faktor pembentuk persepsi yaitu lama pendidikan formal, umur, pengalaman bertani, luas lahan, akses informasi, peran penyuluh dan peran kelompok tani secara simultan mempengaruhi persepsi petani terhadap UPJA secara signifikan. Faktor peran kelompok tani mempengarui persepsi petani terhadap UPJA secara sangat signifikan.
FORMULASI DAN UJI STABILITAS FISIK SEDIAAN SERUM DARI ESKTRAK BUAH MENTIMUN (Cucumis Sativus L.) SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN
Authors: Ratnasari Nuryati , Puspariki Jenta , Farhan
Published: May 2023

Latar belakang: Serum merupakan sediaan dengan zat aktif konsentrasi tinggi dan viskositas rendah yang memberikan efek yang lebih nyaman dan mudah menyebar dipermukaan kulit. Mentimun merupakan salah satu famili cucurbitaceae dan dapat menjadi sumber antioksidan alami karena memiliki kandungan vitamin C dan flavonoid yang bebas memutus reaksi radikal bebas dan dapat mengembalikan elektron pada sel yang tidak stabil.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui formulasi ekstrak mentimun dalam bentuk sediaan serum wajah serta mengetahui kestabilan serum ekstrak mentimun melalui uji organoleptik, uji homogenitas, uji pH, dan uji daya sebar.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian tindakan (action reseach) dan menggunakan konsep menurut Kurt Lewin yang terdiri dari 4 komponen yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, obsevasi, dan refleksi. Sediaan serum dibuat dengan komposisi buah mentimun (Cucumis Sativus L.), xhantan gum, metil paraben, butilen glikol, dan aquadest dengan perbedaan konsentrasi bahan pengawet.
Hasil: Hasil uji organoleptik selama 21 hari sediaan serum dengan penyimpanan pada suhu ruang, pada kontrol positif dan F1 menghasilkan sediaan dengan stabilitas baik, serta pada kontrol negatif dan F2 terjadi perubahan dalam hal aroma, bentuk dan mulai timbul jamur pada hari ke-6.
Simpulan: Sediaan serum yang relatif stabil selama masa penyimpanan yaitu formula ke 1 dengan pH 6,69 diatas pH standar (4,5-6,5) yang mana sediaan ini tidak aman digunakan kulit.
BENEFÍCIOS DO PEELING QUÍMICO COM ÁCIDO GLICÓLICO NO PROCESSO DE AMENIZAR O ENVELHECIMENTO DA PELE
Authors: Ferreira Evelyn de Souza , Baiense Alex Sandro Rodrigues
Published: May 2023

O envelhecimento da pele é algo que não se pode evitar, envelhecer faz parte do nosso ciclo de vida, entretanto, o envelhecimento da pele pode ser conseguido da melhor forma. Atualmente pode ser melhor alcançado quando se busca tratamentos associados a tecnologia dos cosméticos. A busca pela juventude muito se sabe que existe, desde os primórdios, e toda essa busca só evidenciou a necessidade por descoberta de novos princípios ativos que realmente funcionam e trazem consigo grandes benefícios. Neste artigo falaremos do uso benéfico do ácido glicólico como forma de amenizar marcas de expressão, poros, cicatrizes e acne. O uso desse ativo no peeling químico estará diretamente relacionado ao combate do envelhecimento superficial, para alcançar uma pele mais juvenil, saudável e com aspecto mais uniforme.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO MINISTÉRIO PÚBLICO COMO FUNÇÃO ESSENCIAL À JUSTIÇA PARA A DEFESA DO ESTADO DEMOCRÁTICO DE DIREITO
Authors: Pinheiro Iasmim D'Almeida Athayde , Azevedo Flávia Regina Porto de
Published: May 2023

O presente trabalho tem como intuito analisar o Ministério Público, sua consolidação e o crescimento de seu destaque por meio da Constituição Federal de 1988, correlacionando-o ao mecanismo do Estado Democrático de Direito. Observa-se a partir disso, o surgimento desse Estado e suas características essenciais. Ademais, tem-se o intento de demonstrar a relevância dessa instituição para assegurar o Estado Democrático de Direito, bem como as atividades a ela incumbida, em especial, a defesa da ordem jurídica, da democracia, dos direitos sociais e individuais indisponíveis. Adotou-se como metodologia o método dedutivo de procedimento, mediante pesquisa exploratória, bibliográfica e documental.
PERANCANGAN APLIKASI PENCATATAN UANG MUKA KPR PADA TAMAN ANGGREK GROUP HEAD OFFICE BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Warohmah Vitri Inayah , Turini Turini , Septian Willy Eka
Published: May 2023

Properti adalah harta berupa tanah dan bangunan serta sarana dan prasarana yang merupakan bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dari tanah atau bangunan yang memiliki nilai investasi dengan pertambahan jumlah penduduk dan bertambahnya kebutuhan manusia. Taman Anggrek Group Head Office menyediakan rumah tinggal dengan tipe rumah 30/66 yang secara khusus disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan masyarakat menengah. Metodologi pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dalam suatu penelitian yaitu observasi. Sistem yang digunakan dalam program aplikasi berbasis we ini adalah PHP (Hypertext Prepocessor) sebagai web programming, MySQL sebagai perancangan database, menggunakan browser google chrome. Prosedur sistem yang berlaku dalam PT. Satriyo Mega Sarana mencakup perancangan sistem digambarkan secara manual dengan menggunakan flowchart disertai dengan narasi penjelasan, kemudian dibuat secara komputerisasi ke dalam flowmap untuk di aplikasikan ke dalam Web. Sehingga transaksi yang terjadi berulang-ulang dapat membantu karyawan dalam mengerjakan tugasnya dan menghindarkan dari resiko yang sangat besar. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah mengolah data untuk menghasilkan kegitan transaksi yang terjadi berulang-ulang agar dapat membantu karyawan dalam mengerjakan tugasnya dan menghindarkan dari resiko yang sangat besar. Perancangan sistem di dalam Web, yang menghasilkan data rumah, data konsumen, kartu konsumen, laporan penerimaan kas, Jurnal umum dan Kwintansi yang lebih efektif sehingga mempermudah bagian yang terkait dalam mengerjakan tugasnya. Kata kunci: Properti, uang muka, web programming, transaksi
Inferring the vertical distribution of CO and CO2 from TCCON total column values using the TARDISS algorithm
Authors: Parker Harrison A. , Laughner Joshua L. , Toon Geoffrey C. , Wunch Debra , Roehl Coleen M. , Iraci Laura T. , Podolske James R. , McKain Kathryn , Baier Bianca C. , Wennberg Paul O.
Published: May 2023

Abstract. We describe an approach for determining limited information about the vertical distribution of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide
(CO2) from total column ground-based Total Carbon Column Observation Network (TCCON) observations. For CO and CO2, it has been difficult to retrieve information
about their vertical distribution from spectral line shapes because of the errors in the spectroscopy and the atmospheric temperature profile that
mask the effects of variations in their mixing ratio with altitude. For CO2 the challenge is especially difficult given that these
variations are typically 2 % or less. Nevertheless, if sufficient accuracy can be obtained, such information would be highly valuable for
evaluation of retrievals from satellites and more generally for improving the estimate of surface sources and sinks of these trace gases. We present here the Temporal Atmospheric Retrieval Determining Information from Secondary Scaling (TARDISS) retrieval algorithm. TARDISS uses
several simultaneously obtained total column observations of the same gas from different absorption bands with distinctly different vertical
averaging kernels. The different total column retrievals are combined in TARDISS using a Bayesian approach where the weights and temporal covariance
applied to the different retrievals include additional constraints on the diurnal variation in the vertical distribution for these gases. We assume
that the near-surface part of the column varies rapidly over the course of a day (from surface sources and sinks, for example) and that the upper part of
the column has a larger temporal covariance over the course of a day. Using measurements from the five North American TCCON sites, we find that the retrieved lower partial column (between the surface and
∼ 800 hPa) of the CO and CO2 dry mole fractions (DMFs) have slopes of 0.999 ± 0.002 and 1.001 ± 0.003 with
respect to lower column DMF from integrated in situ data measured directly from aircraft and in AirCores. The average error for our lower column
CO retrieval is 1.51 ppb (∼ 2 %) while the average error for our CO2 retrieval is 5.09 ppm
(∼ 1.25 %). Compared with classical line-shape-derived vertical profile retrievals, our algorithm reduces the influence of forward model
errors such as imprecision in spectroscopy (line shapes and intensities) and in the instrument line shape. In addition, because TARDISS uses the
existing retrieved column abundances from TCCON (which themselves are computationally much less intensive than profile retrieval algorithms), it is
very fast and processes years of data in minutes. We anticipate that this approach will find broad application for use in carbon cycle science.
An automated online field instrument to quantify the oxidative potential of aerosol particles via ascorbic acid oxidation
Authors: Utinger Battist , Campbell Steven John , Bukowiecki Nicolas , Barth Alexandre , Gfeller Benjamin , Freshwater Ray , Rüegg Hans-Rudolf , Kalberer Markus
Published: May 2023

Abstract. Large-scale epidemiological studies have consistently
shown that exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) is responsible for a
variety of adverse health effects. However, the specific physical and
chemical properties of particles that are responsible for the observed health
effects, as well as the underlying mechanisms of particle toxicity upon
exposure, remain largely uncertain. Studies have widely suggested that the
oxidative potential (OP) of aerosol particles is a key metric to quantify
particle toxicity. OP is defined as the ability of aerosol particle
components to produce reactive oxidative species (ROSs) and deplete
antioxidants in vivo. Traditional methods for measuring OP using acellular
assays largely rely on analyzing PM collected in filters offline. This is
labor intensive and involves a substantial time delay between particle
collection and OP analysis. It therefore likely underestimates particle OP
because many reactive chemical components which contribute to OP are
short-lived and therefore degrade prior to offline analysis. Thus, new
techniques are required to provide a robust and rapid quantification of
particle OP, capturing the chemistry of oxidizing and short-lived, highly
reactive aerosol components and their concentration dynamics in the
atmosphere. To address these measurement shortcomings, we developed a
portable online instrument that directly samples particles into an ascorbic
acid-based assay under physiologically relevant conditions of pH 6.8 and 37 ∘C, providing continuous, accurate OP measurements with a high
time resolution (5 min). The instrument runs autonomously for up to 3 d and has a detection limit of about 5 µg m−3 in an urban environment, which allows the characterization of particle OP even in low-pollution areas.
The WATSON COST Action - WATer isotopeS in the critical zONe: from groundwater recharge to plant transpiration
Authors: Penna Daniele
Published: May 2023

The WATSON COST Action (CA19120; https://watson-cost.eu/) is a large European network of researchers and stakeholders started in September 2020. The main objective of the Action is to integrate and synthesize current interdisciplinary scientific knowledge on the use of the stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in the water molecule to understand the mixing and partitioning of water in the Earth’s Critical Zone.
The Action currently includes roughly 230 members from 37 European countries. WATSON is organized into working groups that focus on a major scientific challenge: 1) groundwater recharge and soil water mixing processes; 2) vegetation water uptake and transpiration; and 3) catchment-scale residence time and travel times. A fourth working group organizes the network and dissemination activities.
WATSON aims at better connecting academia and stakeholders from industry, non-profit organizations, and government agencies. WATSON fosters the exchange of information and expertise among scientists and stakeholders, builds capacity in the use of the latest isotope approaches and translates scientific cutting-edge knowledge into tangible outputs and recommendations on how to use stable water isotopes to effectively address water management needs.
My talk will describe the WATSON network, as well as its activities. These include the preparation of an open-access database of water isotope-based studies in the Critical Zone, the development of protocols for water sampling and stable isotope analysis, the preparation of review papers, the organization of virtual and face-to-face meetings, seminars, training schools, and the exchange of students, researchers, and technicians via short term scientific missions.
An improved method of the Globally Resolved Energy Balance model by the Bayesian networks
Authors: Liu Zhenxia , Wang Zengjie , Wang Jian , Zhang Zhengfang , Li Dongshuang , Yu Zhaoyuan , Yuan Linwang , Luo Wen
Published: May 2023

Abstract. The accurate simulation of climate is always critically important and also a challenge. This study introduces an improved method of the Globally Resolved Energy Balance (GREB) model by the Bayesian networks based on the concept of a coarse–fine model. The improved method constructs a coarse–fine structure that combines a dynamical model with a statistical model based on employing the GREB model as the global framework and utilizing a Bayesian network constructed on the interrelationships between internal climate variables of the GREB model to achieve local optimization. To objectively validate the performance and generalization of the improved method, the method is applied to the simulation of surface temperature and temperature of the atmosphere based on the 3.75∘ × 3.75∘ global data sets by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) from 1985 to 2014. The results demonstrate that the improved model exhibits higher average accuracy and lower spatial differentiation than the original GREB model and is robust in long-term simulations. This approach addresses issues with the accuracy of the GREB model in local areas, which can be attributed to an overreliance on boundary and initial conditions, as well as a lack of fully usable observed data. Additionally, the model overcomes the challenge of poor robustness in statistical models due to ambiguous climate inclusions. Thus, the improved method provides a promising way to give a reliable and stable simulation of climate.
Analysis of GEFS-Aerosols annual budget to better understand the aerosol predictions simulated in the model
Authors: Pan Li , Bhattacharjee Partha S. , Zhang Li , Montuoro Raffaele , Baker Barry , McQueen Jeff , Grell Georg A. , McKeen Stuart A. , Kondragunta Shobha , Zhang Xiaoyang , Frost Gregory J. , Yang Fanglin , Stajner Ivanka
Published: May 2023

Abstract. In September 2020, a global aerosol forecasting model was implemented as an ensemble member of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Ensemble Forecasting System (GEFS) v12.0.1 (hereafter referred to as “GEFS-Aerosols”). In this study, GEFS-Aerosols simulation results from September 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020 were evaluated using an aerosol budget analysis. These results were compared with results from other global models as well as reanalysis data. From this analysis, the global average lifetimes of black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC), dust, sea salt, and sulfate are 4.06, 4.29, 4.59, 0.34 and 3.3 days, respectively, with the annual average loads of 0.135, 1.29, 4.52, 6.80 and 0.50 TG. Compared to National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)’s Goddard Earth Observing System-Goddard Chemistry Aerosol and Radiation Transport Model (GEOS4-GOCART), the aerosols in GEFS-Aerosols have a relatively short lifetime because of the faster removal processes in GEFS-Aerosols. Meanwhile, in GEFS-Aerosols, aerosol emissions are the determining factor for the mass and composition of aerosols in the atmosphere. The size (bin) distribution of aerosol emissions is as important as its total emissions, especially in simulations of dust and sea salt. Also most importantly, the strong monthly and interannually variations in natural sources of aerosols in GEFS-Aerosols suggests that improving the accuracy of prognostic concentrations of aerosols is important for applying aerosol feedback to weather and climate predictions.
Deep learning for monthly rainfall-runoff modelling: a comparison with classical rainfall-runoff modelling across Australia
Authors: Clark Stephanie R. , Lerat Julien , Perraud Jean-Michel , Fitch Peter
Published: May 2023

Abstract. A deep learning model designed for time series predictions, the long short-term memory (LSTM) architecture is regularly producing reliable results in local and regional rainfall-runoff applications around the world. Recent large-sample-hydrology studies in North America and Europe have shown the LSTM to successfully match conceptual model performance at a daily timestep over hundreds of catchments. Here we investigate how these models perform in producing monthly runoff predictions in the relatively dry and variable conditions of the Australian continent. The monthly timestep matches historic data availability and is also important for future water resources planning, however it provides significantly smaller training data sets than daily time series. In this study, a continental-scale comparison of monthly deep learning (LSTM) predictions to conceptual rainfall-runoff model (WAPABA) predictions is performed on almost 500 catchments across Australia with performance results aggregated over a variety of catchment sizes, flow conditions, and hydrological record lengths. The study period covers a wet phase followed by a prolonged drought, introducing challenges for making predictions outside of known conditions - challenges that will intensify as climate change progresses. The results show that LSTMs matched or exceeded WAPABA prediction performance for more than two-thirds of the study catchments; the largest performance gains of LSTM versus WAPABA occurred in large catchments; the LSTM models struggled less to generalise than the WAPABA models (eg. making predictions under new conditions); and catchments with few training observations due to the monthly timestep did not demonstrate a clear benefit with either WAPABA or LSTM.
Introduction: Major Databases with Historical Longitudinal Population Data: Development, Impact and Results
Authors: Edvinsson Sören , Mandemakers Kees , Smith Ken R.
Published: May 2023

Over the last 60 years several major historical databases with reconstructed life courses of large populations have been launched. The development of these databases is indicative of considerable investments that have greatly expanded the possibilities for new research within the fields of history, demography, sociology, as well as other disciplines. In this volume spanning seven articles, eight databases are included that had a wide impact on research in various disciplines. Each database had its own unique genesis that is well described in the articles assembled in this volume. They inform readers about how these databases have changed the course of research in historical demography and related disciplines, how settled findings were challenged or confirmed, and how innovative investigations were launched and implemented. In the end we explore how research with this kind of databases will develop in future.
New and Expanding Populations of People Experiencing Homelessness in British Columbia, Canada During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Van Tuyl Rana , Young Michael
Published: May 2023

This community-based research examines the impact of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on service provision to people experiencing homelessness and concurrent disorders (PEHCD) in British Columbia, Canada. Using mixed methods, 119 service providers from across BC participated in a survey, and of those, 25 participated in semi-structured interviews. Several gaps emerged in service delivery to PEHCD during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite these challenges, service providers adapted to support their clients’ needs, which included supporting new and expanding service groups: (a) people who were experiencing homelessness for the first time due to pandemic-related job loss, (b) people who receive low incomes and are experiencing food insecurity, (c) more complex mental health needs, (d) seniors, (e) youth/students, and (f) family members fleeing violence in the home (e.g., intimate partner violence and child abuse). In the absence of Point-in-Time Counts in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic as per physical distancing protocols, this data on new and expanding service groups highlights the critical need to embed considerations for social vulnerabilities and secondary impacts into pandemic planning and response efforts.
Imago mundi. The notion of something as a microcosm of the macrocosm
Authors: Ferrer-Ventosa Roger
Published: May 2023

El artículo estudia la noción de que algo es un microcosmos del macrocosmos en las culturales medieval y renacentista desde diversas perspectivas. Para profundizar en esta intuición, será necesario entender principios medievales de astrología, ideas que estaban vinculadas a la mentalidad hermética y neoplatónica, dos tendencias de filosofía y religión para las cuales la idea del microcosmos es central. La analogía se estudiará desde 4 ángulos: la mente, el alma o la imaginación humana como un microcosmos, el cuerpo del ser humano como uno, la ciudad o un edificio, especialmente la iglesia, como tal cosa, y finalmente la obra de arte o la imagen como una imago mundi que refleja el todo. El análisis unirá fuentes visuales y textuales, comentará tipos iconográficos como el Hombre zodiacal, ambientes intelectuales como la corte de Alfonso X, lineamientos provenientes de textos islámicos, esenciales para este tema, tales como el Picatrix y el De radiis de Al-Kindi, y también algunos ejemplos más allá del horizonte cultural medieval cristiano, como las Upanishads indias, Andrei Tarkovski y Antoni Tàpies. La información se recogerá de diferentes campos de conocimiento, sobre todo de estudios visuales y religiosos, pero también antropología del arte y filosofía.
Monarquía y emociones: el factor temporal en la valoración institucional y personal en España
Authors: Rivera Otero José Manuel , Jaráiz Gulías Erika , Mo Groba Diego
Published: May 2023

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las posibles diferencias en la valoración actual del rey emérito, Juan Carlos I, y explicarlas a través de una lectura emocional. Mediante el uso de técnicas cuantitativas, entre los hallazgos se muestra, por un lado, un salto generacional diferencial en la valoración del rey emérito, y por otro, un desarrollo emocional diferente hacia el rey emérito según se referencie su papel en la transición o la actualidad. La valoración del ex jefe de Estado es explicada únicamente a través de emociones positivas hacia el rey emérito cuando estas se ciñen a la transición, mientras su valoración mediante emociones actuales conjuga emociones positivas y negativas.
Feminismo y geopolítica en el Universo Cinematográfico de Marvel: la ideología y la historia vestidas de fantasía de Viuda Negra, Wandavision y Dr. Strange
Authors: Iturregui-Motiloa Víctor
Published: May 2023

Esta investigación plantea, a través de un análisis narrativo y visual, una interpretación del discurso feminista y geopolítico subyacente en algunas obras del Universo Cinematográfico de Marvel, una de las sagas más exitosas y populares del siglo XXI. El aspecto más interesante reside en que, bajo la iconografía y los tropos del fantástico y la ciencia ficción, estas narraciones superheroicas tratan temas de actualidad referentes a la acción geopolítica y de expansión económicocultural que lleva a cabo Estados Unidos y a movimientos sociales como el feminismo y el #MeToo. Aun siendo una constante en otras entregas de la saga, en los recientes filmes Viuda Negra y Doctor Strange y en la serie Wandavision se aprecian claramente correspondencias y alusiones a hechos y personajes relevantes involucrados en episodios decisivos del país norteamericano. El análisis fílmico permitirá identificar esas ideas subyacentes en las formas, la iconografía y las estrategias narrativo-persuasivas.
Electrical Conductivity-based Mapping of Paddy Yield using TDR Soil Sensor
Authors: Harnoordeep Singh Mann  , Harnoordeep Singh Mann  , Aseem Verma  , Manjeet Singh  , Tarandeep Singh
Published: May 2023

Electrical conductivity is a physio-chemical property of soil that correlates with soil properties that affect crop productivity. A study was conducted to map the paddy yield on the basis of apparent electrical conductivity (ECa ) at three depth levels (L1 = 76 mm, L2 = 122 mm, L3 = 203.2 mm) measured using the Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR). The statistical correlations between ECa and paddy yield were established and variations in paddy yield were mapped. The correlation coefficient between crop yield and ECa was highest (r2 =0.47) for measurements taken at L3, whereas paddy yield was poorly correlated with ECa measurements at L1 (r2 =0.03). At L3, the highest paddy yield was 6.78 t.ha-1 at ECa of 0.359 mS.m-1; whereas, the lowest (5.63 t.ha-1) was at ECa of 0.319 mS.m-1. ECa at L1, L2, and L3 was significantly related to paddy yield with a coefficient of determination value of 0.26. The variability maps of paddy yields would help in better management of paddy fields.
Tourist-Communicational Ecosystem in Cirandas of Manacapuru – Amazon
Authors: BAPTISTA Maria Luiza Cardinale , SANTOS Gernei G.
Published: May 2023

This article presents a partial report of a research on the Brazilian Amazon, entitled Ciranda de Manacapuru as a metaphor for the Amazon: signs of the touristic, communicational, and subjective ecosystem of the region. Ciranda de Manacapuru is a popular dance festival that takes place every year in August in the municipality of Manacapuru, located in the Metropolitan Region of Manaus, in the state of Amazonas, in northern Brazil. This is an event promoted by the State and local government with the participation of three ciranda associations: Flor Matizada, Guerreiros Mura, and Tradicional. This festival is considered the largest Festival of Cirandas in the state, attracting around 50,000 tourists every year. During the Covid19 pandemic, the festival was presented by social media platforms (2020 and 2021). In this cultural manifestation of the city, an important sign of local tourism can be seen, considering the various agents involved, which is capable of attracting a differentiated, expressive, and consumer public. In theoretical terms, the research is being developed with an ecosystemic-complex orientation, which has been marking the studies of AMORCOMTUR! – Study Group on Communication, Tourism, Amouroness, and Autopoiesis. The methodological strategy is the Cartography of Knowledge, qualitative, procedural, and multi-methodological, with development in five investigative paths: We-interlaces, Personal Knowledge, Theoretical Knowledge, Production Plant, and Intuitive Research Dimension. The preliminary results indicated the expressive power of the narratives produced in the Cirandas by the various subjects involved, which makes it possible to reflect on the Tourism-Communication Ecosystemic plot that is established, evaluating the interrelationship of the city of Manacapuru and the cultural manifestation of Ciranda as an autopoietic power.