bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Growth of Replacements
Authors: Bui Vuong
Published: October 2022

The following game in a similar formulation to Petri nets and chip-firing games is studied: Given a finite collection of baskets, each has an infinite number of balls of the same value. Initially, a ball from some basket is chosen to put on the table. Subsequently, in each step a ball from the table is chosen to be replaced by some $2$ balls from some baskets. Which baskets to take depend only on the ball to be replaced and they are decided in advance. Given some $n$, the object of the game is to find the maximum possible sum of values $g(n)$ for a table of $n$ balls.

In this article, the sequence $g(n)/n$ for $n=1,2,\dots$ will be shown to converge to a growth rate $\lambda$. Furthermore, this value $\lambda$ is also the rate of a structure called pseudo-loop and the solution of a rather simple linear program. The structure and the linear program are closely related, e.g. a solution of the linear program gives a pseudo-loop with the rate $\lambda$ in linear time of the number of baskets, and vice versa with the pseudo-loop giving a solution to the dual linear program. A method to test in quadratic time whether a given $\lambda_0$ is smaller than $\lambda$ is provided to approximate $\lambda$. When the values of the balls are all rational, we can compute the precise value of $\lambda$ in cubic time, using the quadratic time rate test algorithm and the binary search with a special condition to stop. Four proofs of the limit $\lambda$ are given: one just uses the relation between the baskets, one uses pseudo-loops, one uses the linear program and one uses Fekete's lemma (the latest proof assumes a condition on the rule of replacements).
Crowdfunding Development in the Social Media Marketing System
Authors: Bondarenko Olena , Ustik Tetiana , Liulchak Zoreslava , Horska Kateryna , Nahorna Olena , Stets Оksana
Published: October 2022

The relevance of crowdfunding in the context of social media marketing is confirmed by a broad media narrative for its multifaceted potential. Media marketing is becoming a driver for the promotion of business ideas and innovative projects in view of the growing role of social networks in shaping public opinion. The aim of the study was the development of a model for evaluating the success of crowdfunding projects and its implementation in the social media marketing system. Three dimensions of information description — the information volume, attitude to information (feedback), and information quality in terms of information communication — were considered as the components of the crowdfunding assessment model. The hypotheses were advanced about the relationship between information description and the success of crowdfunding based on these variables. The hypotheses were tested through the processing of data (N=544) from media agencies’ websites. The results show that the number of words in the project description is inversely related to the success of crowdfunding (b=−0.007), and the number of videos and images is directly related to the project success (R2=0.93). The effectiveness of social networks was confirmed allowing for the consumer loyalty to this method of obtaining information and time spent daily on the Internet (63% in the total user activity). The content analysis found that social networks demonstrated the best indicators in raising funds for crowdfunding, compared to the project promotion through traditional media, and it was the main idea of the research. This study has both theoretical and applied significance: it can be a starting point for establishing the academic background for studying the experience of implementing crowdfunding projects through social networks; the obtained results can be used in the practical activities of crowd marketers.
Measuring the Level of Accounting Conservatism Pre-and Post-IFRS Adoption in Jordan: The Modified Role of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Al-Qudah Laith Akram
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study is to assess the level of accounting conservatism among Jordanian industrial companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange. Using the methodology utilized in this analysis, the study compares the succeeding period to the time previous to the required use of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) (Basu, 1997). Furthermore, the study assesses the level of accounting conservatism in the firms studied during the COVID-19 epidemic. A cross-sectional examination of time series data from 2002 to 2021 was used in this study. The study community included 54 Jordanian industrial companies registered on the Amman Stock Exchange. To derive the findings, the study used an analytical-descriptive technique to gather and analyze data. The findings show that the concept of accounting conservatism was used for accounting profits prior to the mandated use of IFRS (2002–2008), although at a low level. The research also found that the companies that were evaluated had implemented the concept of accounting conservatism for accounting profits throughout the time after the compulsory use of IFRS (2009–2019), but to a high degree. This was observed in the second part of the study. The study’s results showed that accounting rules got stricter after the COVID-19 epidemic hit in 2020 and kept going through 2021.
THE FORTRESSES OF THE GREAT LITHUANIAN PRINCIPALITY ON THE TERRITORY OF THE KIEVAN AREA (HISTORY OF RESEARCH)
Authors: Biliaieva S. O.
Published: October 2022

The study of fortresses on the territory of the Kyiv area in the Lithuanian period is one of the actual tasks of the formation of a new look on the Ukrainian history. As it is known it was the stage of the castell tower system of fortification, taking not only defense, but social and political, economic position, status of administrative centers and places of living of the social elite.

In the course of the Lithuanian period, the following stages of the development of system of castell constructing are fixed: At the end of 14th — at the beginning of 15th century the castell tower system of fortification had been formed;

On the second stage at the middle of 15th — in the second half of 16th century — the period of adaptation of the castell tower system to the artillery and the appearance of the system of basteja.

In the Kyiv area two types of fortress constructing were fixed. The North and central parts of the area: the continuation of Old Rus traditions of the fortification on the base of wooden and earth constructions with two or three flour wooden towers. The transmission to the arm stage on the base of artillery took place. Planning structure: triangle and rectangular forms.

On the South — the transition to the stone tower system, fortificated with wooden-earth constructions and stone counterforts, two or three flour towers, distribution of European types artillery. Planning structure: triangle and rectangular forms.

For example: the Kyiv Castle which became the center of statehood in the time of Vladimir Olgerdovich; the system of castles in the rest of the territory; the creation of the fortification system of the South by Prince Vytautas, which facilitated trade in Europe from Krakow to the Black Sea coast and composition of the new federal state.
EARLY MEDIEVAL HOARD FROM SUMY REGION: NEW ARRIVALS AND RESEARCH PROSPECTS
Authors: Bilynska L. І. , Volodarets-Urbanovіch Ya. V.
Published: October 2022

This paper contains the information about new finds of hoards of the early Middle Ages (Martynivka circle), which were discovered recently in the Sumy region. Until recently, only two similar assemblages were known in this area — Nyzhnya Syrovatka (fig. 1) and Velyki Budky (fig. 2).

However, recently their number has increased significantly. Some of them got to the museum institutions of Sumy region (fig. 10).

In 2011, the Shevchenkove hoard was transferred to the Putivl State Historical and Cultural Reserve. The assemblages contained the decoration of women’s and men’s clothing and a number of household and handicraft items.

In recent years, Mykilske (fig. 3: A), Myropillya (fig. 4) and Pozhnya (fig. 5), Mohrytsya (fig. 6) and Kamyanka hoards have been transferred to the Sumy Regional Museum of Local Lore. Parts of finds from the Rusanivka (fig. 7) and Mala Rybytsya assemblages were transferred to this museum also.

Some of the finds from the First Parkhomivka and Dobryanske — Sydorova Yaruha hoards, and almost the entire Second Parkhomivka hoard, have been transferred to the Trostyanetsky Museum and Exhibition assemblage.

Preliminary archaeological research has been carried out at the site of some of the assemblages. As a result of these works, it was possible to find out quite accurately the location of the Mykilske (fig. 3: B; 8: A; 9: 1), Pozhnya and Parkhomivka hoards. Similar finds have been recorded in the prospect trench. The exact location of the Mogritsky assemblage has not yet been determined. Although archaeological research has been in the microregion (fig. 8: B—G; 9: 2, 3).

All newly discovered assemblages described above belong to the hoards of Martynivka circle. Jewelry from their composition dates from the second half of 6th — the end of 7th century. And «concealment» occurs in the middle — third quarter of 7th century. The appearance of treasures is connected with the military-political tribal association of Slavs in the Middle Dnieper and the Dnieper Left Bank. The archaeological equivalent of this formation could be parts of the carriers of the Penkivka and Kolochyn cultures.

Further research of the hoards is planned in the following areas: 1) survey of the sites and the surrounding area to more accurately determine the ethnocultural situation; 2) analysis of jewelry from the composition of assemblages; 3) attempt to reconstruct the outfit; 4) conducting research on the elemental composition of things with the involvement of modern nuclear-physical research methods; 5) compiling a catalog of early Slavic monuments in the Sumy region and writing a general ethnocultural history of the region. Work in these areas has only just begun.
Mengeite, Ba(Mg,Mn2+)Mn3+4(PO4)4(OH)4·4H2O, a New Mineral from the Spring Creek Mine, South Australia, Australia
Authors: Elliott Peter
Published: October 2022

Mengeite, Ba(Mg,Mn2+)Mn3+4(PO4)4(OH)4·4H2O, is a new mineral from the Spring Creek copper mine, near Wilmington, South Australia, Australia, where it occurs as dark orange-red masses to 0.8 mm across in a quartz matrix. The streak is pale salmon pink and the luster is vitreous. Mengeite is non-fluorescent and the Mohs hardness is ∼3. The measured density is 3.40 g/cm3 and the calculated density is 3.43 g/cm3. Mengeite is biaxial (–) with α = 1.757(4), β = 1.776(4), γ = 1.781(4) measured in white light. Electron microprobe analyses results give the empirical formula, based on 24 O apfu: Ba1.09(Mg0.58Mn2+0.26Cu0.10Al0.02Na0.01Ca0.01□0.09)Σ1.07Mn3+3.88(PO4)4.07(OH)3.52·4.13H2O. The idealized formula is Ba(Mg,Mn2+)Mn3+4(PO4)4(OH)4·4H2O. Mengeite is triclinic, space group , with a = 5.4262(11), b = 5.4274(11), c = 16.387(3) Å, α = 87.61(3), β = 98.97(3), γ = 110.56(3)°, V = 446.28(16) Å3, and Z = 1. The crystal structure of mengeite was solved using synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction data and refined to R1 = 0.0453 for 2115 observed reflections with F0 > 4σ(F0). It is based on [(M2(OH)2(AsO4)2] sheets that are linked in the c-direction alternately by [M3(H2O)4O2] octahedra and by BaO10 polyhedra.
To Assess Anxiety and Phobia in Female College Going Students for Resuming College after Covid-19 Confinement: A Pilot Study
Authors: Firdous Mohammad Ikram  , Shubha Arora
Published: October 2022

The pandemic is causing people to feel anxious, distressed, or worried due to fear of contracting the virus, isolationand quarantine measures, and fear of a long-term impact of the global disruption.Aim/Objective: The aim of this study is asses fear/anxiety and avoidance in female hostel students for resumingcollege after COVID-19 confinement.Methods: The study included 30 college going female hostel students between ages 20-25 years. Participants wasassessed for level of anxiety and phobia on 24 items Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale. Analysis of data was doneusing independent sample test.Results: Mean and standard deviation for fear/anxiety, avoidance and total scores were (31.9 ± 6.38), (32.3 ± 7.86)and (64.2 ± 10.35) respectively. Fear/Anxiety and Total Scores reflects P Value ≤ 0.05 which is highly significant.Conclusions: It was found Total of 30 subjects were taken out of which 70% were moderate, 13% were markedand 17% were severe anxiety/phobia. After 2.5 years of confinement, data revealed that maximum level werefalling in moderate social anxiety followed by marked, whereas severe social anxiety were the least scorers. Soit is aforesaid that above levels are falling in clinically significant ranges. Being Occupational Therapist, they allrequire treatment approach in form of counselling, creating and joining the group dynamics physically. Relaxationtechnology, deep breathing exercise, visual imagery can be helpful in the above.
Physiological Cost Index among Individuals with Mild to Moderate Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and their Compliance with Pulmonary Rehabilitation
Authors: Namratha Shanbhag  , Sangeeta Appannavar  , Vijayalaxmi S Kathare  , Tulasi H Kulkarni
Published: October 2022

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is currently one of the top three causes of mortality globally,with poor and middle income nations accounting for 90% of all deaths. The physiological cost index is a techniquefor calculating the energy cost using the measurement of heart rate.Aim: To evaluate Physiological cost index among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and tocheck their compliance with pulmonary rehabilitation protocol and to rate their exertion using modified Borgscale.Methodology: A total of 30 participants were included in this study. Subjects were asked to walk for 6 mins atcomfortable walking speed and Physiological cost index was calculated by using the walking heart rate. ThePhysiological cost index were studied on two occasions, before and after performing the given exercises, includedupper and lower mobility exercises along with breathing exercises.Results: Data was analyzed using statistical software R software version 4.1.2. P-value less than equal to 0.05 wasstatistically significant.Conclusion: This study found that the Physiological Cost Index of subjects with Chronic Obstructive PulmonaryDisease was seen to decrease after performing the prescribed exercises, suggesting a favorable reduction in energyconsumption and improving their functional performance.
Letecké střetnutí nad Slaným 2. března 1945
Authors: Vladař Jan
Published: October 2022

On 2 March 1945 over 1,200 bombers of the 8th US Air Force attacked the oil refineries in Ruhland, Böhlen, Rositz and Magdeburg. Bad weather forced the bombers to disperse, and they were attacked by German fighter planes. One air-to-air combat took place over the town of Slaný. A formation of 12 B-17 Flying Fortresses of the 398th Bomb Group attacked several Focke-Wulf Fw 190s of the Jagdgeschwader 301. A bomber (No. 44-6573) crashed south of the town on a field. Only one man survived from nine-man crew. One German fighter plane crashed near Třebíz, and its pilot died. Another German plane made an emergency landing near Vrbičany. American fighters subsequently entered the battle, and they shot down another German fighter near Řeporyje.
THE PROGRESS OF THE HETEROGENEOUS NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Сидоренко Денис Александрович
Published: October 2022

В данной статье рассмотрен прогресс гетерогенных нейронных сетей в различных прикладных задача, предложены возможные упрощения, которые позволяют применять более простые модели без потери качества. В частности рассмотрен метод Simple-HGN, который имеет значительно меньшее количество параметров без потери качества на четырёх датасетах для задач предсказания связей(link prediction), а также предсказания свойств вершин(node classification).

In this article, the progress of heterogeneous neural networks in various applied tasks is considered, possible simplifications are proposed that allow the use of simpler models without loss of quality. In particular, the Simple-HGN method is considered, which has a significantly smaller number of parameters without loss of quality on four datasets for the tasks of link prediction (link prediction), as well as prediction of vertex properties (node classification).
OF THE RESULTS ANALYSIS OF THE LEVEL AND CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND APPROACHES
Authors: Овчаренко Марина Сергеевна
Published: October 2022

Статья посвящена проблеме мотивации к научной деятельности у курсантов в процессе обучения в военном вузе, описаны предлагаемые современные инструменты, способствующие правильной оценке и развитию личной мотивации к учебно-научной деятельности курсантов.

The article is devoted to the problem of motivation for scientific activity among cadets in the process of training at a military university, the proposed modern tools are described that contribute to the correct assessment and development of personal motivation for educational and scientific activity of cadets.
PROBLEMS OF REGULATION OF TESTAMENTARY DISPOSITION
Authors: Алеева Светлана Сергеевна
Published: October 2022

При изучении правового института завещательных распоряжений очевидно, что из-за недостаточности нормативно-правового регулирования специальных завещательных распоряжений в наследственном праве России, на практике зачастую возникают судебные споры и сложности в реализации прав лиц, которые по этому завещательному распоряжению приобретают права. Представляется необходимой мерой доработка правовой базы, в том числе установление чётких границ между различными видами завещательных распоряжений, совершенствование законодательства, устранение коллизий и пробелов в данной отрасли права и внесение новых норм.

When studying the legal institute of testamentary dispositions, it is obvious that due to the insufficiency of regulatory regulation of special testamentary dispositions in the inheritance law of Russia, in practice, litigation and difficulties often arise in the exercise of the rights of persons who acquire rights under this testamentary disposition. It seems to be a necessary measure to finalize the legal framework, including the establishment of clear boundaries between different types of testamentary dispositions, improving legislation, eliminating conflicts and gaps in this branch of law and introducing new norms.
INVESTMENT COMPONENT OF THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF PRIMORSKY KRAI: ASSESSMENT AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
Authors: Коробкова Оксана Константиновна , Шумилов Владимир Эдуардович
Published: October 2022

В статье рассматривается инвестиционная активность как неотъемлемый атрибут экономической безопасности региона. Исследована инвестиционная сфера Приморского края. Предложены мероприятия для увеличения инвестиционной активности региона.

The article considers investment activity as an integral attribute of the economic security of the region. The investment sphere of Primorsky Krai is investigated. Measures are proposed to increase the investment activity of the region.
INFLUENCE OF THE GEOTHERMAL GRADIENT ON THE PROFILE OF A QUASI-STATIONARY THERMOGRAM IN A PRODUCTION WELL
Authors: Закиров Марат Финатович , Рамазанов Айрат Шайхуллинович , Шарафутдинов Рамиль Фаизырович
Published: October 2022

В приведенной работе рассматривается влияние геотермического распределения на профиль термограммы для длительно работающей скважины. Показано, что при различных геотермических градиентах наклон термограмм выше работающего пласта может иметь одинаковые значения. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы для определения начального распределения температуры из профиля температуры для длительно работающей скважины.

In this work, the influence of geothermal distribution on the thermogram profile for a long-term well is considered. It is shown that for different geothermal gradients, the slope of thermograms above the working formation can have the same values. The results obtained can be used to determine the initial temperature distribution from the temperature profile for a long running well.
WHO IS RIGHT - DARWIN OR LAMARCK? THE FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEM THEORIES OF BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION
Authors: Карпин Владимир Александрович , Шувалова Ольга Ивановна
Published: October 2022

Единой теории биологической эволюции, которой бы придерживались все ученые-биологи, не существует до настоящего времени. Догмат синтетической теории эволюции не в состоянии разрешить многие назревшие проблемы. Поиски нового, третьего синтеза продолжаются до сих пор. В статье предлагается подход, основанный на поиске возможностей объединения альтернативных концепций ламаркизма и дарвинизма.

There is no unified theory of biological evolution that all biologists would adhere to to this day. The dogma of the synthetic theory of evolution is not able to solve many urgent problems. The search for a new, third synthesis continues to this day. The article proposes an approach based on the search for ways to combine alternative concepts of Lamarckism and Darwinism.
THE MAIN CAUSE OF ISCHEMIA IN MAGNETIC STORMS
Authors: Захаров Юрий Борисович , Захаров Леонид Михайлович , Шилов Виктор Петрович
Published: October 2022

Авторы объясняют основную причину возникновения ишемии при магнитных бурях с позиции классической теории электромагнетизма.

The authors explain the main cause of ischemia in magnetic storms from the standpoint of the classical theory of electromagnetism.
Mise en cohérence entre l’enseignement-apprentissage de l’oral et la gestion de la classe pour un élève réflexif et responsable
Authors: Dumouchel Mélanie , Sénéchal Kathleen , Messier Geneviève
Published: October 2022

Bien que la gestion de la classe et la didactique fassent partie intégrante de l’acte d’enseigner, elles ne sont pas toujours mises en cohérence, alors que la recherche indique qu’il s’agit d’une façon d’optimiser l’enseignement (Butlen et al., 2011; Freiberg et Lamb, 2009). C’est donc dans cette perspective qu’est menée notre recherche collaborative ayant pour but de coconstruire, avec des personnes enseignantes du primaire, des pratiques d’enseignement soutenant le développement des compétences en littératie des élèves par la mise en œuvre de contextes d’oral réflexif et de pratiques de gestion de la classe responsabilisante. Cette contribution présente les résultats de la première étape de notre recherche, qui visait à amener les enseignantes québécoises avec qui nous avons collaboré à réfléchir à leurs pratiques actuelles impliquant l’oral réflexif et la gestion de la classe pour identifier les obstacles qu’elles rencontrent et leurs besoins de formation. Ces résultats sont présentés non seulement au regard de chacune des dimensions de l’acte d’enseigner, mais aussi au regard de la cohérence ou l’incohérence entre les deux.
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO DETERMINATION OF EVACUATION BASIC PARAMETERS OF INJURED PERSONNEL OF OPERATIONAL GROUPING OF TROOPS USING DIFFERENT MEANS OF TRANSPORT
Authors: Openko P. , Myroniuk M. , Hnes B. , Khavrych H. , Kozachuk V.
Published: October 2022

The timing of the evacuation of the wounded is a critical factor that largely determines the fate of the injured soldier. At present, despite considerable efforts to provide the Armed Forces of Ukraine with weapons and military equipment as well as logistical support, including medical equipment and assets, in particular basing as well on international technical aid, the problem of the absence of the required number of specialized medical evacuation means has not been resolved.
From this point of view, the question of the correct formation of requirements for rational composition and specially equipped various types of vehicles (including sanitary transporters, ambulances), also general use, casualty evacuation systems, Identifying the possibility of its further improvement through the methodological apparatus is topical.
The existing system of military evacuation of the injured and ill people is a four level system where all critically and moderately injured are evacuated. Regarding this, the evacuation system of the injured persons might be considered as queuing network, which has a range of peculiarities. First of all this network of queuing is an open network of queuing service, in other words the flow of applications for the network input is unlimited, homogeneous and is carried out from an external independent source. As a result of the calculations the data were received on the figures of network parameters (average number of requests in queues, average number of requests in the network, average waiting time for requests in service queues, average time of request in the network) and parameters of each queuing system which is operating in the network queuing, – transmission ratio, input flow intensity, downloading ratio, average number of occupied channels, average number of requests in the queuing system, average queue length, average waiting time of the request in the queue for being served, the average time of the request in the queuing system. Analyzing the calculated data from the point of view of creating a rational open queuing network, the system of the injured persons evacuation reaches its maximum efficiency when its productivity on processing the incoming flow of the requests is on its maximum level, and such parameters as the number of service requests in the queue and the number of service channels operating in the network are on its minimum level.
ANALYSIS OF STANDARDS REQUIREMENTS FOR AIRCRAFT BONDING
Authors: Shvets S. , Cherednikov О. , Motiakov I.
Published: October 2022

In the design, modernization and further aircraft operation, the issue of bonding as a means of electromagnetic interference control from equipment and static electricity, lightning protection is given much attention.
The relevance of this article lies in the need to understand and comply with the requirements of the standards of all parts of the research and production cycle of modernization of aircraft from enterprises that develop devices and equipment for aircraft to the design bureaus of aircraft repair plants.
To ensure the normal operation of radio technical apparatus on aircraft, protection against interference is applied, that caused by electrostatic charges due to voltage ripples on the generator commutator and engine manifold or at the output of rectifiers, as well as due to magnetic fields generated by various electrical facilities and wires.
Interference protection of aircraft onboard equipment from electromagnetic interference is achieved by carrying out special measures, including screening of conductors, harnesses of the aircraft electrical system and ignition system of power drive units, bonding of shielding coatings of conductors and harnesses, structural elements and aircraft units. Bonding is also carried out to protect against lightning strikes.
The article analyzes the requirements of state and industry standards for bonding, as the main technical measure of lightning protection and electromagnetic interference control on aircraft. Careful selection of the requirements of the standards allows to properly conduct and control the bonding of aircraft. It helps to determine the division of responsibilities in the design, execution and control of the state of bonding.
Effect of Corporate Governance on the Earnings Management of Listed Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria
Authors: Eleng D. M. , Okwo, I. M. , Uguru L. C. , Chukwu U. C.
Published: October 2022

The study examined the effect of corporate governance on the earnings management of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study were to investigatethe effect of board size, board gender diversity, board independence, audit committee size, and ownership structure onEarnings Management of Listed Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria. Ex-post facto research design was adopted while panel data was collected a sample of 19 consumer goods companies listed on Nigerian Stock Exchange.The Generalised Least Square Regression Model aided by STATA 14.2 statistical package as used to estimate the effect of corporate governance on the earnings management of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria.The study found that board size had negative and no significant effect on earnings managementof listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria;board gender diversity hadnegative and no significant effect on earnings management of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria; board independence had positive and no significant effect on earnings managementof listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria, audit committee size had positive and no significant effect on earning managementof listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria and ownership structure hadnegative and significant effect on earnings managementof listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria.The implications of the findings are that, the size of the firm's corporate board does not influence the volatility in discretionary accruals within the period studied and moreso, the presence of female board members does not determine the earnings manipulation in the firms significantly.The study concluded that increase in the number of independent directors reduces the occurrence of earnings manipulation and the number of directors that make up the audit committee does not affect earnings policy of manufacturing firms.This affirms that directors' holding many shares can influence the occurrence of earnings manipulation. The study recommended that board composition should include a greater proportion of independent outside directors with corporate experience. Independent directors’ ratio to the total board size should be more to allow unbiased decisions on the financial statements.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PARTICLEBOARDS WITH HEVEA BRASILIENSIS WASTE FROM DIFFERENT PRODUCTION AND MOISTURE CONFIGURATIONS
Authors: DE SOUZA MATHEUS VIANA , DA SILVA CAZELLA PEDRO HENRIQUE , MELLO DA SILVA SÉRGIO AUGUSTO , RODRIGUES FELIPE REIS , HERRADON MARJORIE PEROSSO , DA COSTA FABÍOLA MEDEIROS , DE MOURA AOUADA MÁRCIA REGINA , AOUADA FAUZE AHMAD , DOS SANTOS HERISSON FERREIRA , MOURA PINTO EDNA , DE ARAUJO VICTOR ALMEIDA , CHRISTOFORO ANDRÉ LUIS , PINHEIRO ROBERTO VASCONCELOS
Published: October 2022

After the production cycle of latex, Hevea brasiliensistrees becomeresidual living plants for this activity, although their woody trunks are still potentially subject to industrial utilization. Bio-composites derived from rubberwood particles were manufactured using two different configurations as a strategy to examine the potential of this species with respect to mechanical behavior. Homogeneous panels were developed from particles at the saturation condition, and heterogeneous panels were obtained from dry particles conditioned at 12% moisture content. Both examples were heat-pressed and glued with castor oil-based polyurethane resin. Density, short-term water absorption and thickness swelling, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity in the static bending and perpendicular tensile were evaluated. Panels derived fromrubberwood particles proved to be viable according to the technical standards.
INFLUENCE OF VACUUM IMPREGNATION PRESSURES ON THE NANOMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PHOTOCATALYTIC PERFORMANCE OF NANO TIO2-FURFURYL ALCOHOL/BALSA WOOD-BASED COMPOSITES
Authors: ZHU GANG , LI HUI , KANG KUNYONG , ZHANG XUPENG , DENG SHUDUAN
Published: October 2022

In this work, a nano TiO2-FA/balsa wood-based composites were successfully fabricated by mechanical stirring assisted vacuum impregnation method, and the influence of different impregnation pressures on the microstructure, nanomechanical characteristics and photocatalytic performance of obtained composites were investigated. Results show that thenano TiO2-FA compound modifier was impregnated in the tracheid and attached to thewood cell walls. SEM revealed that the size of TiO2nanoparticles grow larger as theimpregnation pressure increases, and the presence of TiO2globules with some areas agglomerated on the wood cell wall surface. Compared with the unmodified wood, the elastic modulus of cell walls fornano TiO2-FA/balsa wood composites prepared under 0.45 MPa significantly increased by 160.5%, and the hardness improved from 0.36 ± 0.04 GPa to 0.84±0.08 GPa. Furthermore, the UV-Vis showed that the composite exhibited a high removal rate of methylene blue (10 mg.L-1), up to 88.74% within 240 min.
INFLUENCE OF PUMICE POWDER ON SOME PROPERTIES OF PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE BONDED PARTICLEBOARDS
Authors: ARAS UĞUR , DURMAZ SEFA , KUŞTAŞ SÜLEYMAN , KALAYCIOĞLU HÜLYA
Published: October 2022

In this study, pumice powder as a volcanic aggregate was added in the particleboards' production. The effect of various ratios of pumice powder (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) on physical, mechanical, thermal and fire resistance properties was investigated. Pumice powder did not significantly affect particleboards' water absorption and thickness swelling values. However, the mechanical properties were significantly affectedwith raising pumice powder content. The modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity decreased up to 46% and 45%, respectively. There was also a decrease in the internal bond strength up to 42%. Conversely, pumice powder improved the thermal degradation temperatures. Theonset temperatures increased with increasing pumice powder content above 300°C. Similarly, thepumice powder improved the fire resistance of particleboards up to 7% compared to control samples.
THE MAIN STANDARDIZATION PROBLEMS OF UKRAINIAN TERMINOLOGY
Authors: Chornovol Halyna
Published: October 2022

The main article investigate the standartisation problems of modern Ukrainian terminology. The industry terms are evolving and new units to denote special concepts are introducing. While currently working with professional terminology, the issue of terminological dictionaries is motivated by lack of funding and fragmentary interest in research of this type. Therefore, today Ukraine needs to emphasize the relevance of studying industry terminological terms.
The role of the English language as the main one for borrowing the term units of a number of branches of modern science and technology is determined. It is noted that today the process of attracting foreign-language special units is sometimes unmanageable, and this fact raises
some concerns among experts. After all, in the times of the formation of a multicultural space and the dominance of the English language as the main one in the scientific sphere, the preservation of linguistic identity becomes time. A certain balance must be maintained for each terminological system.
The example of terminological systems of economics and radiology issues that need to be addressed as a matter of priority have been identified; a sign of modern Ukrainian terminology is the observance of classical principles of term formation. When creating special units, the suffixal method of word formation is used mainly with a combination of the basis of a specific / borrowed word and the actual Ukrainian affix.
Another feature of modern domestic terminology is the incomplete normalization of individual terminological systems. This situation can be explained by several factors. Thus, there are terminological systems that serve the branches of science, which are now developing rapidly and continuously (for example, the terminology of information technology), as a result of which the number of new terms is significant.
Naturally, the rationing and standardization of terms is somewhat delayed compared to the oral use of special units by specialists. However, there are terminology systems that have been operating for a long time, but include terms that need improvement or replacement (eg, radiology terminology, radiation safety, dosimetry). The reason for such incomplete standardization of certain terminological systems is primarily in the non-linguistic sphere, as the above branches of science developed most actively during the stay of Ukraine in the USSR. Hence, we have such a state of affairs that the terms of the vast majority of industries were regulated exclusively in Russian. The article also describes the leading lexicographical publications that meet the regulatory requirements for works: Dictionary of Ukrainian biological terminology, ed. Grodzinsky D.M., Symonenko L.O. and Economic Dictionary (compilers Zavadsky J.S., Osovska T.V., Yushkevich O.O.).
LANGUAGE AND TERMINOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF UKRAINIAN MODERN LEGISLATION
Authors: Artykutsa Nataliia
Published: October 2022

The author reviews publications of Ukrainian jurists and linguists on the choice and application of terms in legislation, the negative consequences of inconsistency of terminology in laws and codex’s for law applicable practice.
As a result of linguistic monitoring of document’s texts and the Dictionary of Legislative Terms from the Database “Legislation of Ukraine” revealed cases of misuse of terms, violations of modern Ukrainian language, interference errors caused by the influence of Russian language during the Soviet period.
The author classifies typical errors and outlines the range of actual linguistic and terminological problems of modern Ukrainian legislation, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive balanced approach to solving problems related to the standardization, unification and standardization of legal terms.
The article provides examples of errors and variability of terms in legislation, that highlights the need to standardize the terminology of Ukrainian legislation by a special terminology commission based on the implementation of achievements of modern legal terminology and standards of the Ukrainian language.
SYNONYMY IN THE TERMINOLOGY OF UKRAINIAN LIBRARY SCIENCE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
Authors: Bilousova Roksana
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to synonyms (doublets) within the terminology of Ukrainian library science and bibliography of early XXI century The study has found that synonyms in the terminology of Ukrainian library science and bibliography are combined into pairs and series with different number of synonymscomponents: 1) two-component: internet-oriyentovana dovidka – vebliohrafichna dovidka
[Internet-oriented reference – web-reference]; 2) three-component: dialohova informatsiy-no-poshukova systema – interaktyvna inf.-poshuk. systema – onlaynova inf.-poshuk. system [dialog information retrieval system – interactive inf.-search. system – online inf.-search.
system]; 3) four-component: virtualna biblioteka – merezheva b. – elektronna b. – onlaynova b. [virtual library – network l. – electronic l. – online l.]; 4) six-component: spozhyvach informatsiyi – spozhyvach – oderzhuvach informatsiyi – retsypiyent – korystuvach informatsiynoyi systemy – abonent biblioteky [consumer of information – consumer – recipient of information – recipient – user of information system – library user], etc.
It is outlined that the structure of the synonyms-doublets of Ukrainian library science and bibliography terminology are combined as follows: a) one-component terms: preface – introduction; b) one-component term – yuksatapozit (with the second part of the composite):
“pravdnyk”- original – original source; c) phrase yuksatapozit – juxtaposition: multilingual dictionary – dictionary-polyglot; d) composite – composite: buktreyler – knyhotreyler [book trailer – book trailer]; e) one-component term – word-combination: book design – design in
the book, artistic construction of the book; e) one-component term – composite – word-combination: informatyka – informatsiyeznavstvo – informatsiyna nauka [informatics; information science, information science]; e) terms-word-combination: virtualʹna dovidka – tsyfrova dovidka – elektronna dovidka – dovidka v realʹnomu chasi [virtual inquiry – digital inquiry – electronic inquiry – real time inquiry], etc.
Thus, it can be derived that synonymy in the terminology of library science and bibliography is a common phenomenon and requires ongoing research by scientific professionals.
LANGUAGE MISTAKES IN TERMINOLOGICAL STANDARDS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF DSTU 3017: 2015 «INFORMATION AND DOCUMENTATION. BASIC TYPES. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS»)
Authors: Lytvynska Svitlana , Stetsyk Khrystyna
Published: October 2022

The article focuses on language norms compliance in the texts of terminological standards (on the example of DSTU 3017: 2015 «Information and documentation. Basic types. Terms and definitions»). Cases of violation of the lexical and grammatical norms of the modern Ukrainian language in the formulation of definitions of terms are analyzed. It was found that, despite the presence of clear instructions established in the national standard on compliance with the rules of the Ukrainian word usage in the formulation of definitions, in many cases the design of national terminological standards – choice of words, their change, sentence construction – does not meet the norms of Ukrainian literary language, leads to a decrease in the general culture of the publication. In the text of DSTU 3017: 2015 «Information and documentation. Edition. The main types. Terms and definitions” shows a deviation from the norms associated with the use of words that are absent in the Ukrainian language, artificial, linguistic calque of Russian words. Certain non-normative tokens fixed in the standard do not correspond to the tendency of development of the modern Ukrainian language process – conscious distance, separation from the Russian language, strengthening of positions of specific Ukrainian variants. Violation of language norms in the standard are words used without taking into account the nuances of their meaning, the rules of compatibility with other lexical language units. The analyzed standard is not without such a stylistic defect as pleonasm – semantic redundancy, which contradicts the brevity and accuracy – important communicative features of scientific and official business speech. In the formulation of explanations of certain terms, a violation of logic was revealed – a combination of words that differ in generic and specific semantics was recorded. There are linguistic errors at the grammatical level: in the text of the standard it is not always correct to choose the endings of singular forms, not in all positions the use of impersonal verb forms ending on -no, -to is motivated. Cases of non-observance of the laws of melodiousness – rules of alternation of prepositions at / in are revealed.
PRAGMATIC HALO OF THE TERM-POLITONYM LANGUAGE IN IVAN FRANKO’S NATIOSOPHIC DISCOURSE
Authors: Luzhetska Natalia
Published: October 2022

The article observes the evolution of the concept language referring to Ivan Franko’s biography. Cognitive and discourse analysis enabled to reveal a pragmatic halo of the termpolitonym language highlighted by metaphorical scenarios (anthropomorphic and nonanthropomorphic). Axiological dimension of language is regarded as a significant aspect in Franko’s conceptual system. The study also considers the transformation of a term-politonym into concept as a repository of the worldview and axiological senses. The scientific activities of Ivan Franko truly can be called innovative and revolutionary. In response to the challenges of time, Ivan Franko implemented his aim methodically and purposefully by means of the mental and language-creative activities, connected with his programme of modernization of the Ukrainian culture, – to lead out the Ukrainian language from the provincial circumlocution to the European intellectual expanse, in particular by means of neologization of the Ukrainian scientific language. It is demonstrated the weight of the terms-politonyms in the natiosophic discourse of Ivan Franko, having actualized the terminological material from the sources that are not included in the 50-volume edition of Ivan Franko’s works and until recently they were not the object of the linguistic analysis.
TERM PERSONALITY IN IVAN FRANKO’S LANGUAGE AND THINKING
Authors: Senkiv Svitlana
Published: October 2022

The study analyzes the present research works on rendering psychological and linguistic features of personality as a central phenomenon in anthropocentric sciences, describes its structure and key elements. It proves the significant role of a language personality to determine all the major linguistic aspects and as well as to have an insight into language nature. Besides, the article distinguishes the notion of communicative personality taking into account peculiarities of speech processes such as psychological features of a person as a communicant with such characteristics as feelings, motives, intentions, goals, communicative situation. The study implies to highlight the importance of social and national personality as a part of a group and their role in the establishing of a nation as a higher stage of society development. It provides the main characteristics of national personality such as selfidentity, which splits into identity as and identity with, national consciousness, common ethnic background and language. The article deals with peculiarities of content value of term personality in Ivan Franko’s works, differentiates notions language personality, communicative personality and national personality as elements of an integrated personality. According to Franko’s worldview, the study defines the role of personality in psychological and behavioral models: “a man in language”, “a man in society”, “a man on the way to self-cognition”. It provides the analysis of I. Franko’s conceptual notion “a whole man” as an ideal aim in a person’s life, which reflects the psychological statement consisting in individual constant awareness of the way from the real-self to ideal-self. This way is always accompanied with the fundamental features: struggle, will power, liberty, moral choice, higher aim, while the main obstacles are defined as betrayal of oneself and yielding to one’s weak points. The article highlights the importance of I. Franko’s contribution to the definition of the notion personality in the scope of interdisciplinary studies.
Orientations for the linkage with Society in Master's Programs in Educational Sciences
Authors: Milanés Gómez Roberto , Celeiro Carbonell Ana F. , Rodríguez Morales Alina , Rodríguez Morales Reynier
Published: October 2022

The Orientations for the linkage with Society in Master's Programs in Educational Sciences constitutes a need for theoretical systematization for the Coordination of Graduate Studies of the Faculty of Philosophy, Letters and Educational Sciences, which is the focus of this article. It is not intended to regulate, nor to stipulate articulations that pretend to legalize a fundamental pedagogical process that needs methodologies and didactic-curricular views for its execution, more than articles and law designs, but to present a result of how to act and do in the Linking of Society for the postgraduate of the faculties of Educational Sciences. It is offered as a methodological thought, from positions of the Pedagogy of Higher Education to try to guide the directors, teachers and students of the faculty in the process of Linkage with Society.
Analysis of the "National Development Plan 2017-2021 for a lifetime" and its implications for the economic development of Ecuador
Authors: Oviedo Bayas Byron , Guerra Cuenca Feliberto Fernando , Astudillo Lindao Marlon , Vaca Quiñonez Xiomara
Published: October 2022

Ecuador has gone through a series of stages in the construction of a Nation State with a better capacity to sustain a higher level of quality of life for its inhabitants. In the global context, the planning and management of a country's resources must be guided by the development policies that economic science provides in the theories put forward, some of which Ecuador has addressed with a series of social repercussions. The National Program of Good Living whose role is to create an economic, political and social planning at the service of the human being expands its more humanistic reason in its theoretical structures and takes the name of "National Development Plan 2017-2021 All a Life". The main arguments set out in the plan, the policies it addresses, the goals to be achieved and statistical data in its first two years of implementation will be presented to determine the trend of compliance with its objectives.