bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ЭТНОГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ КУЛЬТУРЫ КЫРГЫЗСКОГО НАРОДА В ПЕРИОД КОКАНДСКОГО ХАНСТВА: ОСНОВНЫЕ ЧЕРТЫ И АКЦЕНТ
Authors: Мамытова Алтынай Билаловна , Сатыбалдиева Чыныхан Топчубаевна , Исраилова Азиза Базарбаевна
Published: October 2024

Этнографические исследования культуры кыргызского народа в период Кокандского ханства являются важным аспектом изучения этнической и исторической идентичности этой группы. В исследованиях акцентируется внимание на особенностях кыргызской культуры, включая жилища, быт, ремесла, социальные структуры и религиозные практики. Основные черты этнографических исследований в данном контексте связаны с описанием традиций, обычаев и материальной культуры кыргызского народа в период Кокандского ханства. Исследователи обращают внимание на особенности устройства юрт, способы скотоводческого хозяйства, а также на роль женщин в кыргызском обществе того времени. Акценты исследований сосредоточены на понимании социокультурных аспектов жизни кыргызского народа, его традиций и изменений в период Кокандского ханства, что позволяет лучше понять историческую динамику и эволюцию культуры этноса
ИСХАК АСАН УУЛУ ПОЛОТ ХАН, МАМЫР МЕРГЕН УУЛУ, АБДЫЛДЫБЕК, МОЛДО АШЫРДЫН ИШМЕРДИГИ ТАРЫХТА ЖАНА ЭЛДИК ООЗЕКИ ЧЫГАРМАЧЫЛЫКТА
Authors: Сулайманов Эртабылды Жолдошевич , Анарбекова Венера Эркинбековна
Published: October 2024

Илимий изилдөөлөр Кокон хандыгы мезгилинде Кокон хандыгынын эзүүсүнө каршы багытталган улуттук боштондук күрөштүн активдүү жетекчилеринин бири Исхак Асан уулу Полотхандын саясий ишмердүүлүгү тууралуу баяндалат. Анда илимий адабияттардагы изилдөөлөргө салыштырмалуу эл арасынан топтолгон этнографиялык материалдардын негизинде информаторлордун өз оозунан жаздырылып алынган кошок ырлары дагы мисал келтирилди. Ошону менен катар көтөрүлүшкө катышкан Мамыр Мерген уулу, Исхактын жан жөкөрү Абдылдабектин жана Баткен аймагында болгон дагы бир активдүү кол башчыларынын бири Молдо Ашырдын эрдиктери дагы айтылат. Изилдөөнүн өзгөчөлүгү жалпы эле көтөрүлүштүн келип чыгуу себептери, жүрүшү, жыйынтыгы тууралуу фольклордук материалдар тарыхый-этнографиялык өңүттө анализденди.
КОКОН ХАНДЫГЫНЫН ДООРУ ЖАНА АНЫН ЗАМАНДАШЫ ПОЛОТ ХАН
Authors: Каана Айдаркул , Алыкулова Г.К.
Published: October 2024

Кыргыз элинин тарыхын чет элдик баскынчыларга  каршы дайыма күрөшүп келген күрөштүн тарыхы десек болот. Кокон хандыгынын доору Кыргызстандын тарыхындагы эң оор жана трагедиялуу учур болгон. Негизги калк байлар менен манаптардын жана кокондук чиновниктерден кош эзүүнү башынан өткөргөн. Бул мезгил көптөгөн стихиялуу куралдуу көтөрүлүштөр менен мүнөздөлөт. Эл бир эмес, бир нече жолу боштондук үчүн күрөшкө көтөрүлүп, биринин артынан бири чыккан элдик көтөрүлүштөр менен коштолгон: 1845-жылдагы кыргыздардын Оштогу көтөрүлүш, 1862-жылы Алайда Алымбек баштаган элдик толкундоолор, Пулат хан баштаган көтөрүлүштөр. Макалада сөз кылынгандай, көтөрүлүш кыргыз элинин эркиндикке болгон эркин, эгемендүүлүккө умтулуусун көрсөттү . Ал эми Пулат хан атанган Исхак Хасан уулу эр жүрөк ар кырдуу инсан болгон. Анын ишмердиги кыргыз тарыхынын бир бөлүгү жана улуттук эс-тутумга татыктуу жана адилеттүүлүк үчүн жана зулумга каршы күрөштүн символу болуп калды.
УСТАТЫМ ИЛИМДИН НАКТА ДЫЙКАНЫ ЭЛЕ
Authors: Жаркынбаев Талайбек Жумабаевич
Published: October 2024

Профессор Ташманбет Кененсариевди насаатчы, чыныгы илимпоз, тажрыйбалуу педагог, энергиялуу жетекчи, инновациялык ыкмалар менен иштеген идеяга бай реформатор, илимдин корифейси жана өмүрлүк жары, улуу ата, чоң ата катары эсибизде. Устатыбыз кыргыз элинин Россиянын составына ыктыярдуу кошулушу жөнүндөгү өзгөрүлгүс илимий-теориялык корутундуну четке кагып, Кыргызстандын туштүгүнүн территориясы аскердик күч менен басып алынган деген тыянакка келген. Ошондой эле советтик тарыхнаамада Кокон хандыгынын тарыхы кыргыздардын тарыхынан өзүнчө каралып, Өзбекстандын тарыхы катары белгиленген. Профессор Т.Кененсариев Кокон хандыгынын тарыхы Кыргызстандын тарыхынын ажырагыс бөлүгү деген концепцияны сунуштады. Жеке билим маселесин тарыхнааманын ажырагыс багыттарынын бири катары карап, Кыргызстандын тарыхында зор роль ойногон Исхак Асан уулу Полот хан, Алымкул Аталык жана Курманжан датка жана башка тарыхый жана мамлекеттик ишмерлер чыныгы эркиндикке негиз салышкан. кыргыз элинин күрөшү.  Эл баатырларынын тарыхын, ишмердүүлүгүн, тарыхый ролун ачып бере алган, кыргыз тарыхнаамасындагы тарыхый инсандарды изилдөөгө зор салым кошкон. Мындан тышкары Кыргызстандын саясий, социалдык-экономикалык өнүгүүсүнө байланыштуу саясат таануу жана конфликтология жаатында фундаменталдык изилдөөлөрдү жүргүзүп, өкмөткө конкреттүү сунуштарды берген.
КОКОН ХАНДЫГЫНЫН САЯСИЙ ӨНҮГҮҮСҮ
Authors: Сабиров Рысбек Келдибекович , Мусаев Омурбек Мамажусупович
Published: October 2024

Макалада Кокон хандыгынын түптөлүүсү, ички жана тышкы саясаты, өлкөдөгү саясий кризистер ж.б. маселелер талдоого алынды. Авторлор жергиликтүү жана чет элдик окумуштуулардын эмгектерин, тарыхый булактарды пайдалануу менен маселенин маңызын ачып берүүгө аракеттенген. Анда өлкөдөгү саясий туруксуздуктун негизги себептери, хандыктын алсырашы жана чет элдик мамлекеттердин баскынчылык саясаттары кенен чагылдырылган. Кокон хандыгы Фергана өрөөнүн байырлаган элдердин орток мамлекети болгон. Анын башкаруу системасына бүт элдердин өкүлдөрү, анын ичинде кыргыздар да тартылган. 18 к. экинчи жарымында аймакта бирдиктүү мамлекеттин негизделиши өз кезегинде саясий, социалдык-экономикалык жана маданий өнүгүүнү шарттаган. Кокон хандыгы 19 к. баш ченине тартып аймактагы ири геосаясий күчкө айланган жана Чыгыш Түркстан да анын таасир сферасында болгон. Эл аралык мамилелерде да Кокон хандыгы маанилүү ролду ойногон. Анын Батыш менен Чыгышты байланыштырып турган Улуу Жибек жолун көзөмөлдөп туруусу соода-экономикалык өнүгүүгө зор таасирин тийгизген. Бирок хандыктагы ич ара арздашуулар, бийлик үчүн күрөш, тышкы күчтөрдүн таасири ж.б. факторлор акырындык менен мамлекетти алсыраткан жана анын өз алдынча жашап кетүүсүно бөгөт койгон.
ПРОФЕССОР Т. КЕНЕНСАРИЕВДИН КЫРГЫЗСТАНДЫН ТАРЫХЫН ИЗИЛДӨӨГӨ КОШКОН САЛЫМЫ
Authors: Алымбаев Жээнбек
Published: October 2024

Макалада профессор Т. Кененсариевдин тарых илимине кошкон салымы жана Кыргызстандын XVIII-XIX кк. тарыхын изилдөөдөгү илимий коз карашына анализ берүүгө аракет жасалат. Макалада белгиленгендей профессор Т. Кененсариев Кыргызстандын Кокон хандыгы жана Россия империясынын доорундагы тарыхын изилдеген, тийиштүү илимий даражага ээ болгон, аталган доорлор боюнча бир канча монографияларды, илимий макалаларды жараткан белгилүү окумуштуу катары белгиленет. Т. Кененсариев Кокон хандыгынын тарыхын жаңы тарыхый өңүттөн кароо менен хандык Фергана өрөөнүнүн калкы тарабынан түзүлгөн орток хандык, кыргыз мамлекеттүлүгүнүн бир формасы катары кароону сунуш кылат. Ал эми оторчулук доордун тарыхын изилдеп жатып, Т. Кененсариев Кыргызстандын Россияга каратылышынын формалары, анын этаптары, уруу башчыларынын орустарга карата болгон мамилелери боюнча жаңы методологиялык көз карашты сунуштаган. Автор, Кыргызстан Россия империясынын курамына эки моделдик келишимдер, бүтүмдөр жана куралдуу басып алуу негизинде кошулгандыгын белгилейт. Макалада Т. Кененсариев XVIII-XIX кк. тарыхы боюнча жаңы тарыхый көз караштарды сунуштаган, постсоветтик доордун тарыхындагы чыгаан окумуштуулардын бири экендиги белгиленет.
Т. КЕНЕНСАРИЕВ ЖАҢЫ ДООРДУН ТАРЫХНААМАСЫНДАГЫ ЖАРАТМАН ТАРЫХЧЫ
Authors: Авазов Эрнис Абдыманапович
Published: October 2024

Т.Кененсариев Кыргызстандын жаңы доордогу тарыхын изилдөөгө зор салым кошкон кыргыздын чыгаан окумуштуусу. Макалада кыргыз элинин жаңы мезгилдеги тарыхынын орчундуу маселелерин эмгектеринде чагылдырган чыгаан кыргыз тарыхчысынын кошкон салымы каралат. Т.Кененсариевдин мурасы анын жазган эмгектеринде, тарыхчыны илимге берилген инсан катары мүнөздөгөн кесиптештеринин, замандаштарынын эскерүүлөрүндө сакталып калган. Теманын актуалдуулугу Т.Кененсариевдин өмүрүн жана чыгармачылыгын изилдөө Кыргызстандын тарых илиминин жана тарыхый ойлордун мындан аркы өнүгүшүнө салым кошо тургандыгы менен да мүнөздөлөт. Профессордун Кыргызстанда тарых илиминин жана жогорку тарыхый билим берүүнүн калыптанышына жана өнүгүшүнө кошкон салымы баа жеткис. Т.Кененсариев Кокон хандыгынын жана падышалык доордун тарыхын чагылдырууда эбегейсиз жана баалуу илимий мурас калтырган. Т.Кененсариевдин изилдөөлөрү Фергана өрөөнүндөгү боштондук күрөштүн тарыхын жаңыча чагылдырат. Алардын ичинде 1898-жылдагы Анжиян көтөрүлүшү, 1916-жылдагы көтөрүлүш боюнча изилдөөлөрү белгилүү.
КОКОН ХАНДЫГЫНЫН ТҮЗҮЛҮШҮ ЖАНА АНЫН ӨНҮГҮҮ ЭТАПТАРЫНЫН АНАЛИЗИ
Authors: Анарбаева Гульназ Араповна
Published: October 2024

XX кылымдын аягында жана XXI кылымдын биринчи он жылдыгындагы окуяларда хандыктын тарыхы бир нече жолу Борбордук Азиянын тарыхчыларынын изилдөө объектиси болгон. Бул макалада Орто Азияда кагандык жөнүндө жарыяланган кээ бир изилдөөлөр, илимий басылмалар жана монографиялар тарыхнаамалык көз караштан талданат. 18-кылымдын жана 20-кылымдын башындагы Орто Азия хандыктарынын тарыхын изилдөө 20-кылымдын акыркы он жылдыгынан бүгүнкү күнгө чейин кеңири масштабга ээ болуп, ар кандай илимий проблемаларды, ошондой эле тарыхый изилдөө маселелерин камтыйт. Акыркы жылдарда Орто Азиянын жана Россиянын мамлекеттеринин тарыхчылары бир нече ондогон илимий эмгектерди изилдеп чыгышты, көптөгөн монографияларды басып чыгарышты. Изилдөө иштери тарых илиминин акыркы талаптарына ылайык жүргүзүлгөндүгүн белгилей кетүү керек, бирок, тарыхнаамалык талдоодо айрым маселелерде бир катар пикир келишпестиктер байкалып, аларды изилдөө тарыхнаамалык изилдөөлөрдүн маанилүүлүгүн тастыктайт. Кокон хандыгы менен Бухара эмирлигинин экономикалык, социалдык жана маданий турмушу, тышкы жана ички саясий тарыхы, аскердик тарыхы жана дипломатия тарыхы боюнча акыркы жылдарда жүргүзүлгөн изилдөөлөр илимий көз караштан алганда чоң мааниге ээ, бирок, тарыхнаамалык анализ жана бул эмгектердин илимий натыйжаларын жалпылоо бул мамлекеттердин тарыхын изилдөөгө көбүрөөк мүмкүнчүлүктөрдү берет.
Guru Inovatif dan Kreatif Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Menggunakan Aplikasi CANVA
Authors: Perdana Indra , Theasy Yoan , Veniaty Syarah , Winata Rahmat , Rizaldi Muhammad
Published: October 2024

Innovative and creative teachers can be trained through socialization and training activities for teachers. This activity aims to expand teacher knowledge and improve teacher skills in utilizing technology through the preparation and creation of teaching materials using the Canva application. The community service activities carried out by the PKM team of the Superior Human Resources Supporting Lecturer Program (PDPSU) at the State Elementary School located at Jl. Jawa 01, PAHANDUT, Pahandut District, Palangka Raya City, Central Kalimantan Province, have several stages, namely (1) Participation method, namely the community service team actively participates in providing knowledge socialization activities to teachers regarding the important role of teaching materials in learning, then material on how to utilize technology through the Canva application and link it to local wisdom; (2) Survey method, namely distributing questionnaires to training participants before and after implementation, as well as a satisfaction survey of community service partners and (3) Training, namely the community service team provides skills training to teachers to create teaching materials in the form of animated folk tales using the Canva application; (4) Activity Evaluation. This community service activity aims to produce innovative and creative teachers in compiling interesting teaching materials based on local wisdom. Partnership Program This activity can provide direct benefits to improving the human resources of Elementary School teachers in learning at school.
 
Keywords: Innovative and creative teachers, Canva, Local wisdom
On some questions of qualification of property crimes
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Nabokov L.V. , Koroleva E.V. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University, Manukyan P.G. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University
Published: October 2024

Subject. When qualifying crimes against property, a number of difficulties arise, in particular, the question of the end of the criminal act and the place of its commission. Qualification issues are the subject of research. Goal. Conduct a study of the position of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in qualifying property crimes. Method or methodology. The study is based on methods of analysis of legal sources, as well as methods of induction and deduction. The results of the work. This paper analyzes the expediency of changing the position of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on the qualification of property crimes. Conclusions. The change in the position of the highest judicial instance is connected with the desire to «unload» the judicial system and evenly distribute the burden in the investigation of criminal encroachments. At the same time, such a determination of the place of commission and the end of the crime will lead to difficulties in terms of proof, as well as in general to issues related to the initiation of a criminal case.
Development of industrial tourism at the municipal level
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Mitrofanova O.N. , Volchihina A.S. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University
Published: October 2024

Subject. This work is devoted to the development of industrial tourism at the municipal level. Goal. The purpose of the study is to develop specific measures for the development of industrial tourism in the city of Lipetsk. Method or methodology. The study is based on a general scientific methodology, which involves the use of a systematic approach and general scientific methods of cognition. The results of the work. The study updates the role of industrial tourism in the city of Lipetsk. Industrial tourism is poorly developed in the city; for the development of this particular direction, emphasis can be placed on the development of the tourist and recreational sphere. The proposed measures for the development of industrial tourism in the municipality under consideration, namely the excursion «Industrial potential of OJSC «Novolipetsk Iron and Steel Works», which includes acquaintance with the main workshops and infrastructure of the plant, will further attract tourists to this sector. Conclusions. It is necessary to develop the sphere of industrial tourism at the municipal level and further at the regional level. Thus, the most priority areas of the policy of promoting a tourist product within the framework of industrial tourism in Lipetsk are advertising policy, PR policy and information policy aimed at attracting the attention of target consumer groups to Lipetsk, as well as creating a favorable image and creating an information base for industrial tourism.
The influence of the employer's brand on employees
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Mitrofanova O.N. , Puzikova S.I. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University
Published: October 2024

Subject. This work is devoted to the study of the influence of employer branding on the employees of their company. Every year more and more attention is paid to the brand, especially in large corporations with a worldwide reputation. This is due to the strategic activity of the employer's brand, which raises the cost of human resources, and thereby increases the capitalization of the company. Goal. The main purpose of the study is to study the degree of influence of the manager's brand on the employees of the organization. Method or methodology. The research is based on a general scientific methodology, which provides for the use of a systematic approach and general scientific methods of cognition. Results of the work. Employer branding is the single most important factor in attracting and retaining quality employees. A company's reputation as an employer can create or destroy them, so it is beneficial for companies to spend time creating their own brand value with employees who are key elements of your success. Conclusions. Organizations with strong employer brands that are perceived positively can potentially increase employee satisfaction, commitment and retention, as a positive image is automatically formed in a person's mind.
Analysis of methods for assessing the quality of customer service
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Markova E.S.
Published: October 2024

Subject. The assessment of the quality of customer service is based on the analysis of various methods, giving a complete picture of the understanding. Goal. Consider methods that characterize the quality of customer service. Method or methodology. All methods of assessing the quality of services are classified into three types: characteristic, qualitative and quantitative. The results of the work. After analyzing the indicators, it is possible to identify the declining and successful areas of customer service quality, and, accordingly, to find methods and approaches for its improvement. Conclusions. Based on the results of the analysis, it was concluded that when assessing the quality of services, it is necessary to use several diagnostic methods, since one tool may not give accurate results.
Features of the russian corporate governance model
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Pasynkov M.A. , Rumyantseva Yu.V. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University
Published: October 2024

Subject. A model of Russian corporate governance as a historical, geographical and business model for the development of organizational and legal forms. Goal. Highlight the features of the development of the Russian corporate governance model among other countries of the world. Method or methodology. In the process of achieving the goal, methods of analysis and synthesis, static calculations and expert assessments were used. To study the features of Russian corporate governance, special emphasis was placed on the comparative method in world statistics. Results of the work. The theoretical analysis carried out allowed us to conclude that it is possible to form our own model of corporate governance in Russia. Conclusions. The slowdown in economic growth in recent years and the functioning of corporations in the new conditions give rise to many problems in building an effective corporate governance system.
Grants as a tool for implementing social initiatives of youth organizations in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Kisova A. E. , Azizov O. M. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University
Published: October 2024

Subject. This work is devoted to the implementation of social initiatives of youth organizations in the Russian Federation. Goal. The aim of the research is to develop specific measures for the development of social initiatives of youth organizations in the Lipetsk region. Method or methodology. The research is based on general scientific methodology, which involves the use of a systematic approach and general scientific methods of knowledge. The results of the work. The paper reveals the essence of grantmaking, the origins and relevance of social work as a phenomenon of the modern world. In the spirit of the aid philosophy paradigm, the principles of socially oriented grantmaking activities in the Russian Federation are revealed. The proposed activities to develop youth initiatives are studied in the department of youth initiatives and projects of the Department of Youth Policy of Lipetsk region, in the department of youth initiatives and projects implementation. Conclusions. Social grants are one of the mechanisms of social support, which aims to ensure the availability and quality of social services for various categories of the population in the Russian Federation. The evaluation of the effectiveness and prospects for the development of social grants provides an opportunity for analysis and development of this important area of social work. In the long run, the improvement of social grant mechanisms will increase the welfare and improve the quality of life of citizens in the Russian Federation.
Technological and economic aspects making Orthodox carved icons
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Krovopuskov E.A. , Krovopuskov P.A. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University
Published: October 2024

Subject. The article highlights the application of various technologies in the manufacture of carved icons. Goal. Identify the most efficient manufacturing technology from an economic point of view. Method or methodology. The analysis is based on research on this topic, and the methods of analysis, deduction, comparison and expert method are also used. The results of the work. The analysis made it possible to identify the most effective and best technology for manufacturing products in terms of «price-quality» ratio, which, in turn, meets all the requirements and is endowed with the corresponding characteristics. Conclusions. There is no perfect technological process for the manufacture of Orthodox carved icons; each has its own advantages and disadvantages. The considered technologies for the manufacture of Orthodox icons are currently relevant and are used in the art of wood carving.
Organization and improvement of the budget process at the municipal level
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Malyavina A.S. , Bizin S.V. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University
Published: October 2024

Subject. The system of the budget process at the municipal level in the Russian Federation. Goal. The main purpose of the study is to organize and improve the budget process in the Lipetsk region. Method or methodology. In the course of the work, general scientific methods were used: comparison, analysis, synthesis. The results of the work. Measures are proposed to improve the budget process taking into account the current socio-economic development of municipalities and the state. Conclusions. The theoretical analysis made it possible to conclude that strict control and accounting of budget expenditures are necessary, reports should be provided, which indicate what results were planned to be achieved and what has been implemented in practice.
Methods of training and personnel assessment
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Kuznetsov M.M. , Markova E.S. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University
Published: October 2024

Subject. Approaches and tools for training and personnel assessment. Goal. Consider approaches to personnel training, methods of personnel assessment, and the impact of the corporate training system on the company’s efficiency. Method or methodology. The study used general scientific and applied research methods. Results of the work. The theoretical analysis carried out allowed us to draw a conclusion about effective ways to train and evaluate personnel. Conclusions. As a result of the study, key directions in methods of training and personnel assessment were formulated. It is concluded that this process should be considered not as an auxiliary function, but as a separate function that contributes to the further development of the organization and maintaining its competitiveness.
Folharal
Authors: Pellegrim Emyle Pompeu de Barros Daltro
Published: October 2024

A proposta deste artigo é apresentar e discutir aspetos do processo de criação do trabalho cénico Folharal, de Emyle Daltro, com banda sonora de Bruno Esteves. Folharal – bicho, gente, planta, solo, sons, cheiros, memórias... – agencia processos de (re/de)composição. A artista da dança e o músico, em cena, experimentam inventar dança, música e enredos com folhas, investigando movimentos, estados de presença, sonoridades, sensações, imagens, e estabelecendo conexões com a infância. Este processo de criação e pesquisa conecta-se, de modo sensível, à terra e a modos de vida não hegemónicos e não/humanos. Folhas secas atuam promovendo transformações e possibilitando o encontro com alteridades. A discussão que o texto apresenta refere-se, principalmente, à composição em dança com não/humanos, tecida com o uso de regimes de atenção que favorecem o aflorar dos sentidos do corpo, acionando memórias-húmus. Evidencia procedimentos metodológicos dessa prática artística que podem ser pensados e articulados como métodos na pesquisa académica em artes – pesquisa artística –, levando em conta seriamente a experiência da performer como pesquisadora e criadora. Está em questão também o modo como Folharal não representa o conto chamado O Bicho Folharal, mas agencia as suas sociomaterialidades e intensidades, bem como o que estas produzem em termos de imagens e sensações para criar tramas e corpos em movimentos expressivos e cenas, fazendo com que histórias e memórias humanas e não/humanas se tornem ativadoras de produção corpórea, artística e académica.
The Norwegian lynx Lynx lynx population in the 1970's
Authors: Moen Heggberget Thrine , Myrberget Svein
Published: October 2024

Information on lynx distribution and population variation was gathered from municipal Game Boards throughout the country. Permanent populations occurred in all parts of Norway in the 1970s. Compared with the 1960s, the lynx had expanded southwards and westwards in southern Norway, while the distribution in northern Norway was little changed. An increase of the total Norwegian lynx population is indicated. Hunting statistics do not, however, reflect the assumed population increase. Only a small part of the annual mortality seems to be caused by hunting. The relationship between population status, and food availability is discussed.
A scanning electron microscope study of the microtopography of Aphalloides timmi Reimar, 1970 (Digenea; Cryptogonimidae)
Authors: Bakke Tor A.
Published: October 2024

The SEM investigation of A. timmi is based on specimens from the coelomic cavity of the common goby Pomatoschistus microps (Kröyer) sampled in an estuarine area (Øra area) in the south-eastern part of Norway. The body is fusiform and subcylindrical, with a small terminal oral sucker and a reduced sunken ventral sucker situated about one-fourth along the body from the anterior end. The area between the suckers was characterized by transversal corrugations - partly due to body flexure - and distinct tegumental ridges and depressions. Posteroventrally and anterodorsally the tegument had a cobblestonelike appearance in contrast to the conspicuous longitudinal ridges posterodorsally. On the rim and surroundings of the oral sucker the tegument was irregularly convoluted with three types of distinct structures; domed aciliate papillae, pits, and domed ciliated papillae protruding or not protruding from pits. An aggregation of papillae was present encircling the ventral sucker. The tegument was unspined.
Terrestrial invertebrates of the Faroe Islands: IV. Slugs and snails (Gastropoda): Checklist, distribution, and habitats
Authors: Solhøy Torstein
Published: October 2024

Surveys in the summers of 1977 (8 locs) and 1978-1979 (111 locs) on 17 islands in the Faroes yielded 20 species (9 slugs and 11 snails) of terrestrial gastropods. Punctum pygmaeum Draparnaud was recorded for the first time and the total number of species known from the Faroes is now 20. All Faroese species also occur in neighbouring areas (i.e. Scotland, Orkneys, Shetland, Iceland, and Western Norway) with a few minor exceptions. Many of the species (especially the slugs) have wide distributions and are relatively abundant in the Faroes (10 species were found on ≥ 15 islands and 5 species on 8-13 islands). The remaining exhibit relatively broad habitat niches, though many show an association with man-made habitats and may have been introduced by man. Data on numbers, habitat distribution, and distribution maps for the Faroes are given for all species.
Alderia modesta (Gastropoda, Sacoglossa) in northern Norway
Authors: Vader Wim
Published: October 2024

The sacoglossan slug Alderia modesta is a common species in northern Norway. During the summer months it is characteristically confined to patches of Vaucheria on muddy substrates in a narrow belt around MHWN. Densities may be very high, up to 5000 per m2. The seasonal periodicity of the species is still unknown and deserves further research, especially during the winter months.
Zoogeography of Triturus vulgaris (L.) and T. cristatus (Laurenti) (Amphibia) in Norway, with notes on their vulnerability
Authors: Dolmen Dag
Published: October 2024

The distribution of Triturus vulgaris (L.) in Norway is separated into a southeastern distribution area, extending westwards along the coast, and a central Norwegian area in the Trøndelag region. T. cristatus (Laurenti) has three separate distribution areas: a southeastern, a southwestern, and a central Norwegian area. It is thought that T. cristatus reached southwestern Norway through mountain passes from southeastern Norway. Possibly T. vulgaris also reached this region, but it did not tolerate the change to a colder and more humid, atlantic climate. The many fjords and the high mountains in southwestern Norway may today be an important dispersal barrier for the species. Hydrochore dispersal by rafts seems to be fairly common. Both newts reached central Norway from Jämtland, Sweden, probably also from southeastern Norway. The later climate deteriorations have reduced the maximum distribution area of the species, as has also human activity. Summer, and possibly also winter temperature, precipitation, length of activity season, day length and the amount of direct sun radiation all cooperate in the limitation of the newts' distribution and abundance. With respect to growth in the larvae, long day conditions in central Norway are thought to compensate for the higher average temperatures further south.
In Norway the newts may disperse locally, but T. cristatus is threatened, and locally even in danger of extinction, especially in central and southwestern Norway, by forestry practices and introduction of fish to newt localities. The better dispersal abilities of T. vulgaris vs. T. cristatus can be explained by the wider ecological amplitude, less nocturnal habits and more terrestrial way of life of T. vulgaris.
Histology and Biology of the Larval Stages of Leucochloridium Carus, 1835 (Trematoda, Digenea) as Revealed by Light and Electron Microscopy
Authors: Bakke Tor A.
Published: October 2024

Ultrastructural studies of the metacercarial cyst and the coloured broodsacs of Leucochloridium variae and L. holostomum recovered from succineid pulmonates are presented. The metacercarial cyst wall is composed of three layers, designated outer (more or less lamellated with electron dense granules), middle and inner layer (both fibrous mucoid). A description of the cyst layers is given. Cyst development and functional biology of the metacercaria are briefly commented upon. Electron micrographs of the anucleate distal cytoplasm of the broodsac tegument show that the whole surface is provided with microvilli embedded within a tegumental surface coat, and rests on a prominent distal layer of interstitial material. The brood chamber in contrast is provided with a nucleated cellular lining, but rests similarly on a prominent layer of granular-fibrous interstitial material. The tegument and the epithelial lining are described. The perinuclear parts of the tegument and pigment cells were located inside the outer circular and the inner longitudinal muscle bundles. Multinucleated pigment cells were found and the pigment types that were observed are described. One of the geometrically organized membranous structures observed is suggested to have a photoreceptive function. Problems concerning sporocyst metabolism and biology are discussed.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika melalui Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning pada Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Santo Andreas Lauran
Authors: Feninlambir Moses , Batkunde Yoseph , Sabono Matilda
Published: October 2024

Hasil belajar yang rendah dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai masalah yang sering muncul dalam kegiatan pembelajaran di kelas. Rendahnya pencapaian belajar pada mata pelajaran matematika terlihat dari hasil belajar yang berada di bawah KKM, yakni ≤70%, atau dari 14 siswa yang belum mencapai standar kelulusan. Metode pembelajaran yang digunakan oleh guru hanya berupa metode konvensional (ceramah), yang turut berkontribusi terhadap rendahnya pencapaian belajar siswa. Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah: Apa saja faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pencapaian belajar siswa? Apakah penggunaan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah (Problem Based Learning) dapat meningkatkan pencapaian belajar siswa? Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil belajar siswa dan untuk mengetahui apakah penggunaan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dapat meningkatkan pencapaian belajar siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada tes akhir, 7 siswa berada dalam kategori tingkat pencapaian tinggi dengan persentase 50%, 4 siswa berada pada kategori pencapaian sedang dengan persentase 28,57%, dan 3 siswa berada dalam kategori pencapaian rendah dengan persentase 21,43%. Selain itu, penggunaan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah (PBL) mendorong siswa untuk aktif selama proses pembelajaran, memungkinkan mereka mengumpulkan informasi secara mandiri terkait masalah yang dihadapi, serta menyimpulkan dan menyampaikan hasil kerja mereka dengan percaya diri. Dengan demikian, siswa memperoleh pembelajaran yang lebih mudah dipahami dan menemukan hal-hal baru karena keterlibatan langsung mereka dalam proses pembelajaran. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII di SMP St. Andreas Lauran pada materi sistem persamaan linear dua variabel.
Integrating key concepts in workplace-based assessment: entrustable professional activities, programmatic assessment, and milestones
Authors: Bok Harold G.J. , Jonker Gersten , Hamstra Stanley J. , Boscardin Christy K. , ten Cate Olle , Hennus Marije P.
Published: October 2024

Despite their independent origins, entrustable professional activities, Milestones, and programmatic assessment are interconnected concepts within the domain of competency-based education. While some organizations prioritize the use of entrustable professional activities, others prefer using Milestones. Simultaneously, competency-based education in health professions has embraced programmatic assessment as a core concept. A question raised regularly is how the three relate and whether they can be used in combination when designing an assessment system. This chapter aims to offer definitions of the three concepts and explore their mutual reinforcement, benefiting the quality of health professions education and, ultimately, patient care. To facilitate health professions trainees’ progression along their educational path and enhance their autonomy through entrustment with specific clinical tasks, every curriculum needs a program of assessment. This chapter illustrates the alignment of the three concepts and provides practical examples on how they come together in a program of assessment. In summary, the seemingly distinct concepts share more common ground than previously acknowledged. By integrating the concepts, growth in context-dependent performance from novice to expert levels can be fostered, all while promoting learning in conjunction with high-stakes entrustment decision-making.
Approaches to identifying and elaborating entrustable professional activities
Authors: Hennus Marije P. , Holzhausen Ylva , Ladenheim Roberta I. , Nel Daniel , Pinilla Severin
Published: October 2024

In the evolving landscape of health care education, entrustable professional activities (EPAs), as units of professional practice, provide educators with an authentic means of connecting curricular design with professional practice. This chapter provides health professions educators with a comprehensive and practical guide to EPA development. Navigating the complexities of EPA development demands a nuanced understanding of the underlying constructs. This chapter sequentially tackles fundamental challenges: where to start, identifying key activities, shaping them into EPAs, building consensus on the framework, and piloting. By offering actionable insights, it empowers readers to navigate this challenging process effectively. Whether you are at the outset of a new EPA initiative or seeking refinement of previously developed EPAs, this chapter provides a practical roadmap for establishing purposeful EPAs that contribute to robust and relevant curricula.
Clarifying terminologies related to entrustable professional activities and entrustment decision-making
Authors: ten Cate Olle , Warm Eric J. , Marty Adrian P. , Pool Inge A.
Published: October 2024

Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) and entrustment decision-making have become common language in competency-based education in the health professions. Since its introduction, several other related concepts have been introduced, which has made it more complex to get an overview of the domain. This chapter sets out to discuss OPAs (observable practice activities), EPA specifications, nested EPAs, core EPAs versus elective EPAs, transdisciplinary EPAs, Practice Activities as used by the WHO, retrospective versus prospective entrustment–supervision scales, STARs (statements of awarded responsibility), microcredentials, and hospital privileging. The concepts are defined and elaborated with examples.
Monitoring and evaluating EPAs and EPA frameworks
Authors: Taylor David R. , Schwartz Alan , Elmes-Patel Abigail T. , Marty Adrian P. , Hennus Marije P.
Published: October 2024

Evaluation is essential throughout the development of entrustable professional activities (EPAs) to ensure that the resource-intensive work required in EPA development leads to a set (or framework) of EPAs that are fit for their intended purpose. This chapter draws on program evaluation literature to show how EPA core team leaders can conceptualize evaluation as part of the EPA development process. It then covers key evaluation strategies relevant to different stages in EPA development, piloting, and implementation. In addition, an in-depth discussion of the purpose and use of the EQual rubric for evaluating individual EPA quality is provided.
Considerations in building a curriculum using entrustable professional activities
Authors: Englander Robert , Amiel Jonathan M. , Jarrett Jennie B. , Chen H. Carrie
Published: October 2024

Competency-based education of health professionals has been gaining momentum across the globe for the past two decades. The central tenet is to start with the outcomes that are required of a trainee to meet the health care needs of the public. These outcomes lead to the elaboration of requisite competencies, which in turn drive the curriculum and assessment programs. Educators have encountered many challenges in the development and implementation of curricula and assessment systems that effectively teach and measure performance of the requisite competencies. Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) offer an excellent framework for addressing many of those challenges. In this chapter, we offer the unique potential of an EPA framework in promoting a competency-based curriculum. We review some of the curricular structural implications of using EPAs, including the role of sequencing of EPAs in the curriculum, describe how an EPA-based curriculum adds agency to the trainee’s journey, and explore the notion of time-variability in competency-based education and training based on success stories using an EPA framework. We conclude that a well-designed curriculum and assessment system using EPAs provides an excellent foundation for ensuring health professionals’ readiness to provide safe and effective care within the scope of their discipline and at the appropriate level of supervision.
Curriculum development for postgraduate training with entrustable professional activities
Authors: Hennus Marije P. , Dagnone J. Damon , Ladenheim Roberta I. , Schumacher Daniel J. , Yap Mabel , ten Cate Olle , Chen H. Carrie
Published: October 2024

Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) are frequently implemented in training after licensing, in the postgraduate specialist stage of training. In this phase, trainees and supervisors must navigate the unique challenge of balancing patient care (service) and ongoing training (education). Opportunistic learning amid patient care represents a significant part of this stage of training. In this context, EPAs can play a pivotal role in scaffolding the service–education relationship and help anchor how best to operationalize workplace-based assessment. Specialty training can be highly variable across clinical settings and has many unpredictable elements. That may complicate training but it has also the benefit of building contextual agility and contextual competence. This chapter aims to support readers and educators who are interested in building an EPA-based specialty training program. It highlights the key issues to be considered including (a) EPAs as organizational units for curriculum design, (b) things to think about in the creation of workplace curricula, (c) assessment considerations in an EPA-based postgraduate training program, (d) trainee experiences in postgraduate EPA-based curricula, (e) the role of interprofessional team members and patients in a postgraduate training program, and (f) challenges of EPA-based curricula in specialist training.
Entrustable professional activities and transitions across the continuum of training and practice
Authors: ten Cate Olle , Turner David A. , Pusic Martin V. , Schumacher Daniel J.
Published: October 2024

Transitions of trainees in the health professions to new contexts, to new training stages, and to unsupervised health care practice are critical learning periods where entrustable professional activities (EPAs) can play a pivotal role. For entrustment decisions, the critical questions are: are trainees prepared for a next phase, often with more autonomy, and are graduates prepared for the requirements of practice, often unsupervised? This chapter addresses EPA-related issues from the perspective of these transitions and how they apply to the entire continuum of education and practice. Supervision plays a key role, both before transitions and after.
Workplace-based assessment to support entrustment decision-making: four sources of information
Authors: ten Cate Olle , Jonker Gersten , Park Yoon Soo , Holmboe Eric S. , Burch Vanessa C.
Published: October 2024

A program of assessment that enables summative decisions about the trainee’s readiness, such as a clinical competency committee, requires a synthesis of various sources of information and sufficient data points. Besides information about knowledge and skills, assessed outside the workplace (written examinations and standardized skills tests), workplace-based assessment can be categorized into four sources of information about a trainee: direct observation, conversation, longitudinal observation, and evaluation of ‘products’ of patient care. Direct observation of a trainee happens during a natural patient care activity in an authentic clinical setting, usually 10 to 20 minutes, followed by a few minutes of focused feedback. Conversations are a five- to 20-minute one-on-one discussion with a trainee to probe knowledge, understanding, reasoning, and/or decision-making. Longitudinal observation or monitoring checks the natural, unplanned observation of a trainee over time by collaborators and others (including patients) who have natural encounters with the trainee, often in the form of multisource feedback. Product evaluation pertains to the assessment of trainees through their output of patient care that does not require their direct presence during the assessment. All four sources of information are discussed with examples and literature references. We end with notes on documentation of information, and feedback processes as an intrinsic component of workplace-based assessment.
Appraising the Role of Circulating Concentrations of Micronutrients in Hypertension: A Two-sample, Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Liu Yuting , Bao Chenggong , Wang Han , Wei Dongsheng , Zhang Zhe
Published: October 2024

Background: Hypertension poses a significant global health challenge, warranting exploration of novel preventive measures. This study aimed to investigate the role of circulating concentrations of various micronutrients in hypertension using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.
Methods: Data on hypertension were obtained from FinnGen, comprising 55,917 cases and 162,837 controls of European ancestry. Fifteen micronutrients were evaluated and selected based on genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data. Instrumental single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were chosen according to strict criteria. Univariable Mendelian randomization (UVMR) analysis was conducted using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, supplemented by sensitivity analyses. Multivariate Mendelian randomization (MVMR) analysis was performed to assess interactions between micronutrients.
Results: In UVMR analysis, the IVW method revealed a potential influence of copper (OR = 1.052, 95% CI: 1.006–1.099, P = 0.025) and zinc (OR = 1.083, 95% CI: 1.007–1.165, P = 0.031) on hypertension. Sensitivity analyses supported these findings. MVMR analysis confirmed a direct positive effect of zinc on hypertension (OR = 1.087, 95% CI: 1.026–1.151, P = 0.005), while adjusting for zinc attenuated the effect of copper on hypertension (OR = 1.026, 95% CI: 0.987–1.066, P = 0.193).
Conclusion: Circulating zinc levels may be a potential risk factor for hypertension, while the association with other micronutrients remains inconclusive. These findings suggest that reducing zinc intake within a healthy range may help lower hypertension risk. Future research should further explore the role of zinc and nonlinear associations for a more comprehensive understanding.
2022-2023 Sezonu LEN Su Topu Şampiyonlar Ligi Şampiyonu Pro Recco’nun Turnuva Performansının Teknik Parametreler Açısından Analizi
Authors: İpin Yusuf Çağrı , Göral Kemal
Published: October 2024

Bu araştırma, 2022-2023 sezonu LEN Su Topu Şampiyonlar Ligi Şampiyonu Pro Recco’nun, turnuva performansının bazı teknik parametreler açısından analiz edilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, atılan ve yenilen gol sayısı, şut sayısı, şut verimliliği, gol pozisyonlarının dağılımı, gollerin zaman dilimleri, top çalma, top kaybı, blok, sprint ve ihraç sayıları gibi değişkenlerin analizi yapılmıştır. Takım turnuva genelinde 507 şut atıp, 226’sını gole çevirerek, %44.57 şut verimliliği elde etmiştir. Takım maçların ilk yarısında daha fazla şut atarak, en yüksek şut verimliliğine 1. çeyrekte (% 46.56) ulaşmıştır. Takımın attığı 226 golün 83’ü 6-5 oyun sırasında kaydedilmiştir. Takım 6-6 oyunda en fazla 3. pozisyondan gol atmış ve en fazla 3. pozisyondan gol yemiştir. 6-5 oyunda ise en fazla 2. pozisyondan gol atmış ve en fazla 2. ve 4. pozisyonlardan gol yemiştir. Takımın elde ettiği istatistiklerinin maç sonucuna göre karşılaştırılmasında atılan gol, şut verimliliği, hareketli pozisyonlar şut verimliliği (P1-P5) ve 6-5 oyun şut verimliliği parametrelerinde, saha değişkenine göre karşılaştırılmasında hareketli pozisyonlardan atılan gol (P1-P5), hareketli pozisyonlardan atılan şut (P1-P5) ve 6 metreden atılan şut parametrelerinde, grup-final maçlarına göre karşılaştırılmasında ise hareketli pozisyonlardan atılan gol (P1-P5) parametresinde anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. Araştırma sonuçlarının, antrenman planlaması yaparken antrenörlere fayda sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Discussion of the Current Treatment Methods for Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis
Authors: Ma Chenxi , Su Xiaoqiang
Published: October 2024

Degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS) is caused by degeneration that causes the lumbar vertebral body of the diseased segment to be displaced relative to the lower vertebral body, which is usually forward, and is not accompanied by pedicle fracture or defect, also known as "pseudospondylolisthesis". DS is more common in the L4/L5 segment, followed by the L3/L4 and L5/S1 segments, and is mostly mild slippage of the first and second degrees [2-4]. At present, the pathogenesis of DS is not fully understood, and it may be related to age-related degeneration of supporting structures, such as intervertebral discs, facet joints, bones, ligaments, facet capsule, and paravertebral muscles. In addition, the decrease in estrogen in women is also associated with the development of DS [1]. Clinically, DS is characterized by recurrent symptoms such as low back and leg pain, numbness of the lower limbs, intermittent claudication, and in severe cases, colorectal symptoms may occur [4].