bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global status and novel applications of natural gums: An overview
Authors: Jayaprakash K. , Balamurugan V.
Published: October 2021

Natural gums are extracted from different types of natural origins. It is found in the woody elements of plants or seed coatings in the terrestrial environment and also found in seaweeds in the marine environment. Natural gums are otherwise called polysaccharides. Nowadays, there has been a remarkable development in natural products, especially in natural gums that have been used for a variety of purposes such as binders, emulsifying agent suspending agents, etc. In recent years, researchers are focused to produce biodegradable, non-toxic, and low-cost natural materials as these products help in the improvement of human health and provide novel beneficial manner. Moreover, natural polymers were used as a functional food in ancient peoples. In this review, the recent investigations and developments of natural gums have been discussed. Many studies have been carried out in the food technology and pharmaceuticals field using gums. Gums have many advantages over synthetic materials and eco-friendly also. We need to develop other natural sources as well as with modifying existing natural materials for the formulation of the novel prospect.
Chemical analysis of ground water in Hinganghat, district Wardha (Ms), India
Authors: RG Gajbhiye , RG Mahakale , RD Raut , MN Dhakre
Published: October 2021

Ground water is one of the most useful water sources found in earth. The importance of the chemical analysis underlies the fact that the chemistry of ground water can directly be rated with the source of water, climate and geology of the region. Contamination of such water is responsible for creating health hazards. In this paper chemical analysis of the ground water has been carried out for Hinganghat in Wardha district. The water sample collected from different location in Hinganghat, Wardha (India). The ground water samples were analyzed for the following chemical parameters; pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Alkalinity (TA), Total Hardness (TH), Chloride, Nitrate, Sulphate, Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Total Dissolved Solid (TDS). The results Obtained shown that it is free from anomalies and suitable for human and cattle consumption as well as irrigation purpose in Hinganghat, Wardha districts, Maharashtra, India. In overall ten location ground water sample parameters are showed best results which are within the limitations of BIS, ICMR and WHO standards.
Unicystic Ameloblastoma of Mandible: A Case Report
Authors: Khan Falaknaz , Jamdade Anshuman , Aggarwal Amrita , Yadav Satyapal
Published: October 2021

Amelo blastoma is a neoplasm that originates from odontogenic epithelium. It is the second most common neoplasm of the oral cavity. Uni cystic ameloblastomas refer to those cystic lesions that show clinical, radio graphic, or gross features of a jaw cyst, but on histologic examination show a typical ameloblastomatous epithelium lining part of the cyst cavity, with or without luminal and/ or mural growth. Even though the lesion is not that aggressive as the solid ameloblastoma, an accurate diagnosis should be made. This lesion needs to be treated more aggressively than any other periapical lesions. This study shows that the term 'uni cystic ameloblastoma' is derived from the macro and microscopic appearance, the lesion being a well defined, often large monocystic cavity with a lining, focally but rarely entirely composed of odontogenic(ameloblastomatous epithettlium).Clinically, ameloblastoma appears as an aggressive tumor of the odontogenic tumor, more often asymptomatic, slow growing with no evidence of swelling.
The inhibition of wine microorganisms by silver nanoparticles
Authors: Vavřiník Aleš , Štůsková Kateřina , Alumbro Adrian , Perrocha Methusela , Sochorová Lenka , Baroň Mojmír , Sochor Jiří
Published: October 2021

The presented work aimed to study the inhibition using nanoparticles produced by the green synthesis in selected acetic acid and lactic acid bacteria, which are related to viticulture. The degree of ability to eliminate silver particles produced by green syntheses was determined using the plate method on Petri dishes. This is done using two different approaches - the method of direct application of the solution to the surface of the inoculated medium (determination of inhibition zones) and the method of application using nanoparticles to the inoculated medium. Gluconobacter oxydans (CCM 3618) and Acetobacter aceti (CCM 3620T) were studied from acet acetic bacteria. The lactic acid bacteria were Lactobacillus brevis (CCM 1815) and Pediococcus damnosus (CCM 2465). The application of silver nanoparticles was always in concentrations of 0, 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 g.L-1. All applied concentrations of silver nanoparticles showed an inhibitory effect on the monitored microorganisms. Silver particles could be used in wine technology for their antibacterial effects, mainly to inhibit microorganisms during vinification, as a substitute for sulfur dioxide.
Influence of rootstocks on the productivity and chemical composition of Prunus domestica L. fruits
Authors: Motyleva Svetlana , Upadysheva Galina , Tumaeva Tatyana
Published: October 2021

The influence of seedling and clonal rootstocks of different spreads on Prunus domestica L. plum fruits quality and productivity of Yaichnaya Sinyaya and Utro varieties was studied. The significant change of productivity and the fruit weight of the varieties under study was to determine under the influence of the rootstock. Depending on the scion-stock combination the plum tree's productivity varied from 7.5 kg/tr. (Utro/140-1) to 15.1 kg/tr. (Yаichnaya Sinyaya /Novinka) at the mean value of 11.5 kg/tr. Medium-growing rootstocks Novinka and OPA-15-2 provided the maximum value of the varieties productivity The significant productivity decrease relatively to seedling rootstock was stated for the combinations with low-growing rootstock 140-1. Soluble solids content in the fruits of Yаichnaya Sinyaya variety is higher than in the fruits of Utro variety, moreover, the highest values were determined on Novinka and OPA-15-2 rootstocks: on 4 – 4.5% higher in comparison with the fruits on the seeding rootstock at average. The rootstock causes less influence on titratable acids. The antioxidant activity of Yаichnaya Sinyaya variety fruits is 30% higher than that of Utro variety fruits on average. The maximum values of antioxidant activity in Yаichnaya Sinyaya variety fruits were fixed on OPA-15-2 rootstock (16.37%), the minimal ones – on Skorospelka Krasnaya rootstocks (14.68%). In the fruits of Utro variety the highest values were stated on OP-23-23 rootstock (13.16%), and the lowest ones – on the seedling rootstock (10.93%). The content of phenolic compounds sum is 60% higher in the fruits of Yаichnaya Sinyaya variety than in Utro variety ones on average. The decrease of the content of phenolic compounds sum was stated in the fruits of Utro variety on all the rootstocks in comparison with the combination Utro/seedling rootstock. The decreasing series of ash elements accumulation (K > P > Ca > Mg > Mo > S > Zn > Si) was determined. The strongest variety differences on total mineral element content were overvalued on medium-growing clonal rootstocks (Novinka, OP-23-23 and OPA-15-2). OPA-15-2 and OP-23-23 rootstocks provided the highest fruit quality on the combination of economic and biochemical parameters.
Prerequisites for the development of biotechnology for the production of environmentally friendly products of aquabioculture
Authors: Aubakirova K.M. , Kulataeva M.S. , Satkanov M. Zh. , Sultangereeva N.S. , Alikulov Z.A.
Published: October 2021

Aquaponics is a hybrid food growing technology that combines the best of aquaculture (growing fish in an artificial aquatic environment and hydroponics (growing plants without soil in an aquatic nutrient environment). It is completely organic because the fish produces natural fertilizers used by the plants, which means no exogenous chemicals. Aquaculture has been around for a long time. Throughout the civilized world, aquaculture is one of the most dynamically developing industries, it is considered as a way to ensure food security and a means to combat poverty. Due to the need to provide the world population with high-quality and healthy fish and vegetable products, aquaponics, which is already one of the fastest growing agricultural and food sectors, has great potential for future development.
BROMINATION OF NATURAL RUBBER WITH N-BROMOSUCCINIMIDE
Authors: Choothong Nuorn , Kawahara Seiichi
Published: October 2021

The mechanism of bromination of natural rubber (NR) was studied by solution-state 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The bromination of NR was carried out at 20–50 °C with N-bromosuccinimide as the brominating agent, and the kinetic study of bromination was conducted under nitrogen atmosphere at 30–50 °C for various reaction times. The influence of bromine atom substituent on the bromination rate constant (k) also was investigated. Bromine atom content was found to be dependent upon the reaction time, indicating first-order kinetics. The activation energy of bromination of NR, calculated from the reaction rate constants, was 19.3, 5.5, and 5.8 kJ mol−1 for bromine atom linked to carbon atom with methylene proton and methylene protons, respectively.
DETERMINATION OF FOOD PRESERVATIVES (BENZOIC AND SORBIC ACIDS) IN BAKERY PRODUCTS OF DISTRICT PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN
Authors: Mustafa Adeela , Ayub Romana , Irfan Sidra , Iftikhar Bushra , Inamullah Mahnoor
Published: October 2021

Objective:

To determine the level of preservatives (Benzoic and Sorbic acid) in bakery products of Peshawar

Material & methods:

This cross-sectional study was performed in district Peshawar from August 2019 to December 2019 by visiting four bakery stores in each union council (total of ten union councils) by collecting three samples (of biscuits, cakes and bread) from each bakery store. Thus, a total of 120 samples were collected. Food additives in the form of Benzoic and Sorbic acid were checked in Forensic and toxicology laboratory of Khyber medical college Peshawar. Data was analyzed using SPSS 23, where frequencies and percentages were used for categorical variables and mean, standard deviation for numerical data. 

Results:

In samples of cakes, concentration of benzoic acid (BA) ranged from 314 to 457 ppm (WHO permissible limit is up to 500ppm) while that of sorbic acid(SA) ranged from 597 to 859 ppm (WHO permissible limit is up to 1000ppm). Similarly, concentration of benzoic acid in biscuits samples ranged from 363 to 467 ppm and sorbic acid ranged from 649 to 895 ppm. In bread samples, BA ranged from 350 - 487 ppm and sorbic acid ranged from 619 to 944. Comparing the values with WHO standards for preservatives, the concentration of benzoic and sorbic acid is found to be within permissible limits with p value < 0.05 .

Conclusion: Benzoic acid and Sorbic acid were found in permissible limits in 3 bakery products in the city of Peshawar, as set by World Health Organization.
OMPARATIVE ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF WILD AND CULTIVATED LEAVES OF FICUS CARICA LINN
Authors: Bashir Ullah Nangial
Published: October 2021

Objective:

To compare the antifungal activity of wild and cultivated Ficus carica Linn (common fig) leaves extract

Materials and Methods:

An experimental study was conducted in the department of Botany Islamia College Peshawar from June 2016 to December 2016 which was shaped in 2021 into a research study in the Department of Community Medicine, Khyber Medical College Peshawar. The agar tube dilution method was used for antifungal activity of the extracts.

Results:

Comparison of Zone of Inhibition (%) in both Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus colonies revealed that cultivated species of Ficus carica Linn (common fig locally known as Anjeer ) had more antifungal property against both the fungal species (63% and higher compared that to wild species having maximum zone of inhibition of 54.54%) with the exception of wild plant extract in polar solvent such as chloroform which had high level of antifungal activity (61.53%) only against Aspegillus fumigatus. The experiment also revealed that extracts from both wild and cultivated Ficus carica Linn leaves in polar solvents such as methanol( also written and referred to methanolic in the article) and chloroform showed higher level of antifungal activity against both the fungal species compared to extract taken in non-polar solvents.

 

Conclusion:

Extract from cultivated species of Ficus carica Linn had higher level of activity against both the fungal species i.e. Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus, especially extract taken in polar solvents.

Key words: Ficus carica Linn, antifungal, tube dilution, zone of inhibition
Zagrożenie współczesnego świata – piractwo – historia i współczesność
Authors: Kopczewski Marian , Ciekanowski Zbigniew
Published: October 2021

Piractwo morskie, które polega na napadaniu na statki na morzach i oceanach oraz rabowaniu ich, jest traktowane przez społeczność międzynarodową jako akt powszechnie potępiany przez prawo międzynarodowe (zwyczajowe oraz zobowiązania traktatowe). Zjawisko to, do niedawna, analizowano właściwie wyłącznie w perspektywie historycznej. Współcześnie ponownie stanowi realne zagrożenie i wyzwanie w sferze bezpieczeństwa. Proceder piractwa morskiego najprawdopodobniej pojawił się wraz z rozwojem żeglugi morskiej. Na przestrzeni wieków rozwijał się w określonych warunkach społecznych, politycznych oraz ekonomicznych. Wraz z upływem czasu podlegał licznym przemianom, dostosowując się do zmieniającego się otoczenia. Dawne metody i formy przeprowadzania ataków na statki zostały zastąpione nowymi. Niezmienny pozostał zaś przestępczy charakter aktywności piratów morskich oraz działanie dla osiągania osobistych korzyści. Piractwo na przestrzeni wieków zmieniło się nie do poznania i chyba w XXI wieku przybrało najbardziej brutalną formę. Współczesne piractwo jest jednym z elementów występujących na morzach i oceanach, który znacznie utrudnia społeczności międzynarodowej bezpieczną żeglugę, zagwarantowaną prawem międzynarodowym. Renesansowi piractwa sprzyjają zmiany w sytuacji międzynarodowej na całym świecie, które nastąpiły na przełomie XX i XXI wieku. Proceder ten występuje w kilku rejonach świata, ale od 2008 roku nasilił się on szczególnie na wodach opływających wybrzeże Somalii.
Educación para la paz: una reflexión desde Tomás de Aquino
Authors: Barrios Andrade Diego
Published: October 2021

Este artículo trata el tema de la educación para la paz siguiendo algunas aportaciones teóricas de Tomás de Aquino en su Suma Teológica. Los objetivos son, por un lado, redefinir la paz desde una perspectiva filosófica y, por otro, elaborar una concepción tomista de la educación para la paz. El método empleado es de corte analítico-interpretativo consistente en revisar ordenadamente ciertos pasajes de la Suma Teológica integrándolos en una argumentación original. La virtud va a ser el término clave desde el cual articular las principales reflexiones de este escrito, pues establece un vínculo entre las nociones de paz y educación, al tiempo que posibilita una comprensión distinta de la educación para la paz. Ello se debe a que la paz, en el pensamiento de santo Tomás, se refiere a un orden entre las facultades humanas y las relaciones interpersonales, que existen solo con dependencia de la virtud. Igualmente, la definición de educación tiene una referencia directa a la virtud, en la que consiste la perfección humana a la que el hombre está destinado conforme a su naturaleza espiritual. Como conclusión, se afirma que la educación para la paz exige un enlace íntimo con la virtud, perspectiva que permite un rediseño teórico de la educación para la paz; en esta línea, de modo operativo, se propone la virtud ética de la humildad como vía de construcción de paz en la escuela.
Percepción de estudiantes frente a procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje durante pandemia por la covid-19
Authors: Londoño-Velasco Elizabeth , Montoya Cobo Estefanía , García Angélica , Bolaños-Martinez Ivon , Bolaños-Martinez Ivon , Osorio-Roa Diana Marcela , Isaza Gómez Germán Darío
Published: October 2021

La llegada de la pandemia por la covid-19 revolucionó la educación universitaria, modificó las estrategias pedagógicas utilizadas por los maestros y las formas de aprender de los estudiantes. El objetivo del estudio fue describir la percepción de estudiantes de una facultad de Ciencias de la Salud frente a los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje durante la pandemia por la covid-19. El estudio mixto de tipo descriptivo de corte transversal estuvo constituido por una muestra no probabilística por conveniencia de 74 estudiantes; el instrumento utilizado fue la encuesta estructurada. El análisis de la información se realizó a través de estadística básica descriptiva y análisis del discurso. La mayoría de los estudiantes encuestados afirman que no estaban preparados para la educación virtual; solo una quita parte de la muestra afirmo tener competencias suficientes para el uso avanzado de las herramientas de la virtualidad. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre la clase magistral y el aula invertida, pero. no ahondamos en las razones. Tampoco, encontramos diferencias significativas entre los métodos de enseñanza presentes en la población estudiada. Las competencias de aprendizaje que, según la muestra, más se desarrollaron fueron la disciplina y la autonomía; sin embargo, la mayor parte de la población considera que la virtualidad le ha quitado rigor al proceso educativo.
Círculos de Enseñanza como estrategia para mejorar la comprensión lectora
Authors: Garcia-Pinilla Jose Ignacio , Rodríguez-Jiménez Olga Rosalba
Published: October 2021

La lectura es un proceso esencial para el aprendizaje, por lo que en educación básica se implementan múltiples programas y estrategias para mejorarla. En este contexto se proponen los Círculos de Enseñanza como estrategia de diálogo estructurado entre los docentes, con el objetivo de plantear y poner en práctica estrategias para mejorar la comprensión lectora. La muestra incluyó 11 docentes y 59 estudiantes. Se realizaron mediciones del enfoque de enseñanza y la autoeficacia de los docentes y de la comprensión lectora en los estudiantes teniendo como variable de control la inteligencia. Los resultados describen una mejora en la autoeficacia de los docentes, los componentes de interacción y el enfoque centrado en los estudiantes, en los que solo se encuentra mejoría en el subproceso de Comprensión Global. Se concluye que la estrategia puede ser efectiva para disminuir la perspectiva centrada en el docente; sin embargo, se requiere continuidad y compromiso de los docentes para su implementación y que se den las condiciones del contexto social que permitan su desarrollo adecuado.
Marsupialização de cisto dentígero após traumatismo
Authors: Hassam Sheinaz Farias , Monteiro Gabriel Fernandes , Câncio Antônio Varela , Coelho Simões Cinthia , Gonçalves de Farias Jener , Andrade Cardoso Juliana
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: as causas mais comuns das alterações na dentição permanente são os traumatismos alvéolo-dentários (TAD) na dentição decídua, ultrapassando, inclusive, as incidências de cárie ou doença periodontal. Estes podem levar a hipoplasia de esmalte, alterações na morfologia dentária e desenvolvimento de cistos, como o cisto dentígero, considerando ainda que o tratamento desta ocorrência diverge ao tratar da dentição decídua e não da permanente. O objetivo deste trabalho é ilustrar essas características e como elas podem ser manejadas através de um relato de caso. Relato de caso: no caso em questão, ocorreu o desenvolvimento de um cisto dentígero de grandes dimensões após traumatismo alvéolo-dentário em dentição decídua na região anterior da maxila com retenção de três dentes permanentes. Foram discutidas as formas terapêuticas para tal situação clínica, bem como a possibilidade de uma abordagem multidisciplinar da cirurgia-ortodontia. Considerações finais: os TADs na dentição decídua devem ser bem diagnosticados e tratados, visando a prevenção de sequelas na dentição permanente.
International Real Estate Review
Authors:   University of California, Dowall David E. , Monkkonen Paavo ,   University of California
Published: October 2021

The metropolitan area of Chennai, India, presents an interesting case study on India’s transforming economy because it has a unique urban structure for an Indian city of its size. It has an extremely high population density at the city center that is becoming even more crowded. It is also experiencing rapid, but low-density, expansion at the periphery. This paper documents Chennai’s spatial development with detailed data on land use, population density, and land values. A hedonic regression on the price of land suggests that de facto policy differences between political jurisdictions have had a significant effect on land prices. However, the data presented in this paper suggest that land policy reforms in Chennai have been successful in reducing some of the sprawling urban development patterns evident in the 1970’s and 1980’s. Nevertheless, policymakers in Chennai continue to face the double challenge of an extremely dense urban core combined with extensive urban growth.
International Real Estate Review
Authors:   DePaul University, Shilling James D.
Published: October 2021

The four articles presented in this special issue of the International Real Estate Review were prepared for and presented at an international real estate symposium organized by DePaul University, which took place on 3-4 July 2012 at the Grand Hyatt Hotel, Macao SAR China. Each paper subsequently went through the typical review process of the International Real Estate Review. The four papers cover a wide range of topics, from the role of public markets in international real estate diversification, to international evidence on REIT (Real Estate Investment Trust) market anomalies, to house price inflation in China, and to evidence on the relative performance of private equity real estate joint ventures. The papers presented here generated spirited discussions at the conference. Those attending the conference offered helpful comments and suggestions.
International Real Estate Review
Authors:   University of Texas-San Antonio, Ciochetti: Brian A. , Lai Rose Neng ,   University of Macau, Shilling James D. ,   DePaul University
Published: October 2021

This paper presents new evidence of the benefits of international real estate diversification using a rational, sentiment-based model of private and public equity securities. A sizable literature does exist on international real estate diversification. Our paper complements this literature by measuring the benefits of international real estate diversification in an equilibrium framework in which an immediate shock in one market may not cause an immediate effect in the other market. Yet, over time, the two markets will move back into equilibrium with one another, but not until capital flows from one market to the other. These capital flows impart a large local component into public and private real estate returns, thus suggesting international diversification benefits for property investors. Yet these benefits do not matter much to defined-benefit pension plans unless they are positively and significantly correlated with the plan's liabilities, and then only if the plan's liabilities are indexed to the cost of living either before or after retirement, or both. Our findings suggest that the sensitivity of real estate to national factors is large, while sensitivities to international influences are small.
Kahoot e a linguagem gamificada: uma tática docente do uso dos multiletramentos
Authors: Versuti Andrea , Dos Santos Rodrigues Valtemir , Vieira Barboza Sumikawa Cláudia
Published: October 2021

Neste artigo apresentamos resultados dos usos do dispositivo Kahoot em diferentes atividades pedagógicas realizadas com os alunos da educação básica da rede pública de ensino do Distrito Federal (DF). Os resultados advêm do recorte de duas pesquisas de mestrado, de cunho qualitativo, que investigaram um curso de formação continuada de professores em metodologia da transmidiação inédito no Brasil. O curso criado pelo Centro de Referência em Tecnologia Educacional (CRTE) da Região Administrativa de Taguatinga (DF) e aplicado em 2019 visando aproximar os docentes do uso pedagógico de dispositivos digitais. Nas pesquisas, foram usados como instrumentos para construção de dados: a observação não participante, a aplicação de questionários e entrevista semiestruturada. Como resultado, o Kahoot no curso: 1) promoveu o engajamento dos estudantes; 2) reforçou o trabalho cooperativo; 3) ajudou a enriquecer e fixar conteúdos curriculares e 4) ajudou a tornar o processo de ensino interativo e dinâmico. Além disso, enalteceu a importância da formação docente continuada para o uso pedagógico das linguagens e alertou para a necessidade de investimento em infraestrutura tecnológica nas escolas.
O ensino de Geologia para as Ciências Biológicas
Authors: Mariano Erich
Published: October 2021

Em pleno Século XXI, a regra educacional consiste em uma prática docente baseada na memorização e mecanização curricular. Nos currículos de formação dos professores em ciências biológicas encontramos termos que remetem a processos trans e interdisciplinares. O que nos perguntamos é se realmente esses processos estão além de conceitos escritos e esquecidos em seus respectivos projetos pedagógicos. Nesse aspecto trago a disciplina de Geologia dentro das Ciências Biológicas como um exemplo de integração de conhecimentos por ter em seu corpo teórico informações que, quando integralizadas à formação biológica, nos ajudam a compreender o homem como agente responsável e atuante no planeta. A Terra é um sistema complexo, no qual as rochas, a água e a vida interagem. Entender como funciona o planeta e como suas diferentes dinâmicas interagem entre si e com as dinâmicas biológicas, incluindo o ser humano, proporciona uma compreensão de que fazemos parte de um todo. Compreender suas dinâmicas e as relações com as dinâmicas biológicas é um ponto chave para a formação de cidadãos “geologicamente esclarecidos” e que sejam agentes ativos na comunidade por meio do conhecimento científico construído.
APLIKASI METRIK SIGMA DALAM PEMANTAPAN MUTU INTERNAL PADA PEMERIKSAAN UREUM DISALAH SATU LABORATORIUM RUMAH SAKIT KABUPATEN PANGANDARAN
Authors: Pratama Rizal Apriansyah , Yulianti Dewi Kania , Setiawan Doni
Published: October 2021

Pemantapan Mutu Internal di Laboratorium klinik merupakan sesuatu yang sangat penting secara rutin serta berguna dalam mendeteksi kesalahan dini sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas dan menjamin hasil pemeriksaan. Metode penjaminan tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan penerapan metrik sigma yang dapat mendeteksi 690.000 kesalahan per juta peluang atau 30,9 probabilitas tanpa cacat dengan kategori nilai sigma minimal 3 dan nilai sigma maksimal 6. Salah satu parameter pemeriksaan kimia klinik yang kerap memiliki nilai sigma <3 adalah ureum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aplikasi metrik sigma dalam pemantapan mutu internal pada pemeriksaan ureum disalah satu laboratorium rumah sakit Kabupaten Pangandaran. Metode penelitian ini merupakan analitik deskriptif berdasarkan nilai sigma dalam pemantapan mutu internal pada pemeriksaan ureum disalah satu Laboratorium Rumah Sakit Kabupaten Pangandaran. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapat nilai sigma ? 3 - < 4 atau marginal di bulan Maret dan Mei 2021 pada level kontrol normal sedangkan pada level kontrol patologis mengalami kenaikan nilai dari 2 sigma dibulan Maret menjadi 3 sigma dibulan Mei 2021 atau dikatakan marginal.
Uma discussão acerca dos contextos da descoberta e da justificativa
Authors: Raicik Anabel Cardoso , Peduzzi Luiz O. Q.
Published: October 2021

Neste ensaio discute-se o diálogo entre hipótese e experimentação na construção do conhecimento científico, explicitando as novas preocupações epistêmicas que se teve com o experimento, sobretudo no início dos anos 80. Apresenta-se, sucintamente, concepções da experimentação normalmente disseminadas no ensino de ciências. Através do conceito de experimentação exploratória, delineado por Steinle, discorre-se sobre a distinção explicitada por Reichenbach entre os contextos da descoberta e da justificativa evidenciando, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica, pertinentes objeções a essa dicotomia à luz da moderna filosofia da ciência.
Política econômica e de ciência e tecnologia paulista para o café durante a Primeira República (1889-1930)
Authors: Sanches Jefferson
Published: October 2021

São Paulo assiste ao auge da cafeicultura em seu território durante a Primeira República (1889- 1930), contando com institutos de pesquisa para a planta, como o Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, e políticas econômicas específicas, como as operações valorizadoras iniciadas com o Convênio de Taubaté (1906) e a política de valorização permanente, a partir de 1924. Muitos desses esforços visavam combater o desequilíbrio entre oferta e procura causado pela superprodução de café, que se apresentava desde a última década do século XIX. O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar as medidas econômicas e as adotadas em ciência e tecnologia, buscando entender as relações estabelecidas entre ambas no período.
Conimbricenses nos trópicos
Authors: Leite Bruno Martins Boto
Published: October 2021

A partir de 1592, os professores de filosofia jesuítas do Colégio das Artes de Coimbra começaram a publicar os Commentarii Collegii Conimbricensis Societatis Iesu, os famosos Conimbricenses: comentários que serviam ao ensino da filosofia de Aristóteles nos colégios da Companhia de Jesus da Europa e do mundo. [...]
Nina Rodrigues e a loucura das multidões
Authors: Monteiro Filipe Pinto
Published: October 2021

Este texto tem por meta analisar um conjunto documental pouco explorado referente às pesquisas do médico Raimundo Nina Rodrigues sobre fenômenos coletivos registrados entre o final do século XIX e inicio do XX. Pretendemos dar ênfase a algumas reflexões do referido autor e, especialmente, ao diálogo que ele estabeleceu com profissionais estrangeiros do campo da sociologia, da antropologia e da saúde mental. O esforço intelectual de Nina é como um testemunho do nascimento de um campo de estudos cujas primeiras linhas estavam sendo traçadas no Brasil: a psicologia das massas ou loucura das multidões. Nina resgata uma rica tradição de estudos para abordar, à sua maneira, casos de epidemias coletivas e religiosas no Brasil, vinculadas à população negra e mestiça.
Artículo docente: Notas para una ciencia del desarrollo humano
Authors: Serrano López Augusto , Stein Heinemann Alfredo
Published: October 2021

Consideramos que el discurso generalizado sobre el desarrollo humano es un cajón de sastre: es inmenso, es heterogéneo y está desarticulado. Se supone que todo ha de estar en relación con todo (y se recurre al “efecto mariposa”), pero la relación sólo parece de proximidad: es la relación que les da a todos los términos y temas sobre desarrollo el amontonamiento en el cajón que los contiene. Es el resultado de una descripción que pretende exhibir todo lo que hay en el ancho mundo, información sobrecogedora y agobiante por su amplitud que rebasa la capacidad de análisis por la heterogeneidad de los elementos recogidos (la mayoría sin definición propia). Y, encima se nos asegura, como para garantizar que de desarrollo humano se trata, que, en el centro, está el ser humano.
A Indústria 4.0 e a inovação aberta em aceleradoras de startups
Authors: Ottonicar Selma Leticia Capinzaiki , Valentim Marta Lígia Pomim
Published: October 2021

Introdução: As startups são organizações que emergem em um contexto de tecnologias de informação e comunicação. No início de sua fundação, as startups podem contar com aceleradoras que as subsidiam, por meio de consultoria sobre como desenvolver o plano de negócios, conectam as startups com os parceiros e buscam investimentos financeiros para que possam se desenvolver. Nessa perspectiva, as aceleradoras de startups desenvolvem processos de inovação aberta com vários stakeholders, visando compartilhar informação e conhecimento. Algumas startups começaram a oferecer produtos e serviços de inteligência artificial e internet das coisas. Tais produtos conectados fazem parte do que se denomina ‘Quarta Revolução Industrial’, também conhecida como Indústria 4.0. Nesse cenário, esta pesquisa objetiva debater aspectos sobre as temáticas inovação aberta, aceleradoras, startups e Indústria 4.0, demonstrando que são elementos inter-relacionados e fundamentais para a competitividade das startups. Método: o trabalho tem como método a pesquisa bibliográfica. Resultados: Os resultados e discussões evidenciam que as startups atuam em um ambiente colaborativo porque necessitam do compartilhamento de conhecimento para desenvolver o plano de negócios, tomar decisões, buscar investimentos, resolver problemas e enfrentar os desafios do mercado, uma vez que são organizações de alto risco. Conclusão: O relacionamento com a política local, associações empresariais, institutos de pesquisa, universidades, investidores e parceiros contribui para a construção de conhecimento e a obtenção de vantagem competitiva das startups que fazem parte do contexto da Indústria 4.0.
Triple Umbilical Incision for Videlaparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Cabral Héctor Rolando Herrera
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The laparoscopic surgery is done by using a single port. You place a device through a single incision between 18mm to 50mm and 3-4 trocars can be used. Our work consists of making 3 little incisions to put the three trocars which measure 5 mm and use conventional instruments that measure 36 cm of length of laparoscopic surgery within the internal limits of the umbilicus. Objective: Describe the surgery technique and evaluate the initial results of a laparoscopic cholecystectomy option through three intraumbilical incisions. Methods: It is a retrospective, descriptive, multicentre and observational study. Since June 2014 to August 2019, 20 patients, 17 females and 3 males, were operated using this method from the age ranges of 16 to 65 years old. The average surgical time was 65 minutes. Results: In all cases the procedures were concluded by the intraumbilical approach. One of the cases had to be re-operated due to intraabdominal bleeding from the posterior branch of the cystic artery. Conclusions: The technique is reproducible; the usual triangulation of the ports is not available. Therefore, fort this technique the surgeon needs to have experience and have had advanced training in laparoscopic surgery. The cases must be selective.
Desensitizing Effect of Sodium Bicarbonate Mouthwash in Patients with Dentinal Hypersensitivity–A Clinical Trial
Authors: Sambhus Vasundhara Anupam
Published: October 2021

Dentin Hypersensitivity (DH) is a major complaint of the general population. Reports have indicated the incidence of DH is 4 to 74percent of the population.1 It poses a challenge for clinicians because its presentation is ambiguous with no specific signs.2 Dentists rely on the patient’s clinical and dietary history and a thorough intraoral examination using thermal and tactile stimuli. Dentin receptors have a unique feature of eliciting pain as a response to any environmental stimulus.
Covid-19 Impact an Oral Health with a Focus on Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
Authors: Alkhadra Omar
Published: October 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic caused an increase in stress-related oral health conditions in 2020. In the United States, at one point the unemployment rate was at 25% with more than 20million Americans unemployed. Stressors experienced by the population during 2020 due to Covid-19 were evident in the dental field. This commentary identifies the causes for the spike in stress- related oral conditions as noted by the American Dental Association. Additionally, will explore the cause, effect, and possible solutions of some of the oral-health conditions mentioned.
Minimally Invasive Sinus Membrane Elevation Techniques: A Literature Review
Authors: Shah Rucha
Published: October 2021

Sinus augmentation surgery has become a well-accepted pre-prosthetic procedure for placement of endo-osseous implants in compromised posterior edentulous maxilla. Various procedures for bone augmentation have been used to achieve sufficient bone volume for dental implants with the lateral and crystal surgical approaches being the most common. But these bone augmentation methods, including the conventional lateral maxillary approach and sinus elevation by osteotome, have several limitations. Sinus membrane perforation is one of the most common complications of the sinus lift procedure. Thus, to overcome these limitations various minimally invasive techniques have been introduced. These techniques cause minimal postoperative pain, faster recovery and are more economical due to shorter remission period. Hence, the aim of this review article is to discuss the various minimally invasive maxillary sinus floor elevation techniques introduced.
Gaseous Emission from the Combustion of Dual Purpose Kerosene (DPK) from the Kaduna Refinery and Petroleum Company in Nigeria
Authors: Adedayo O Oluwaseun
Published: October 2021

Kaduna Refinery and Petroleum Company convert crude oil and other liquids into refined petroleum products. These petroleum products are used in our various homes as a source of energy but they can be a threat to human lives and the ecosystem. Gaseous emissions from the combustion of DPK of different volumes from Kaduna Refining were characterized for gaseous air pollutants using the E8500 combustion analyzer. The concentrations for the gaseous emission from the combustion of DPK were 34.92mg/m3 HC, 21.67mg/m3 CO, 89.00mg/m3 NOx for 10 ml. 41.47mg/m3 HC, 33.33mg/ m3 CO, 118.33mg/m3 NOx for 20 ml. 52.3 mg/m3 HC, 49.33mg/m3 CO, 183.33mg/m3 NOx for 30 ml. 50.20mg/m3 HC, 33.00mg/m3 CO, 189.33mg/m3 NOx for 40 ml. 61.12mg/m3 HC, 40.62mg/m3 CO, 199.00mg/m3 NOx , 2.6 mg/m3 SO2 for 50 ml. This study shows that CO and HC exceeded the acceptable limit for stationary sources while NOx and SO2 were below the acceptable limit. Hence, there is a need for rapid response and urgent attention from government and regulatory bodies to put in place policies that will help minimize the effect of these emissions.
A Review on Vinasse A By-Product from Sugarcane Industry
Authors: Elgharbawy Abdallah S
Published: October 2021

The industries of sugar-alcohol production produce enormous quantities of agro-industrial wastes. The most important waste is vinasse, which is an aqueous stream of the distillation unit in the alcohol industry. The large quantities of vinasse cause harmful environmental pollution.
A reliability and validity study on upper limb range of motion measurement using mobile sensor compared with goniometers
Authors:   Cluster of Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore, Lo Chi Ngai , Yeh Ting-Ting ,   Cluster of Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore, Tan Chek Tien ,   Cluster of Infocomm Technology, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore, Tsang Eric W. ,   The Laboratory of Neuroscience for Education, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The use of tele-rehabilitation devices to aid physiotherapy has gained popularity in recent years. In particular, measuring limb range of motion with a wearable mobile sensor can facilitate rehabilitation therapies by providing more efficient progress monitoring and reducing clinicians’ workload. This study aimed to examine the test-retest reliability and validity of using a wearable mobile sensor to measure upper limb range of motion (ROM). Materials and methods: Participants were recruited by convenient sampling. They were instructed to perform four kinds of upper limb movements including shoulder flexion, abduction, external rotation and elbow flexion, from which the ROM was measured by Mobile sensors REBEE (XCLR8 Technologies) and a standard goniometer (Model 12-1000) in each movement. Each kind of movements and the two ROM measurements were performed twice for the evaluation of test-retest reliability using Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC). Pearson's correlations were computed between the ROM measured by the mobile sensors and the goniometer in each movement to assess construct validities of the mobile sensors. The agreement (95% mean difference) between the two sets of measurement was illustrated by Bland-Altman plots. Results: Thirty-four asymptomatic young Asian adults (15 males) participated in this study (Mage ± SD, 24.2 ± 3.82 years). The ICC for the ROM measured by the sensors were between 0.94 and 0.99, p <0.01 and for the goniometer measurements were between 0.95 and 0.98, p <0.01 in the four movements, indicating excellent reliability in both measurement methods. The Pearson's correlation between the sensor’s and goniometric ROM measurements in four kinds of movements ranged from r =0.96 to 0.99, p <0.01, indicating a very strong construct validity for using the mobile sensors to measure upper limb ROM. The mean difference between the two measurements ranged from 0.13 degrees to 7.6 degrees. Conclusions: The results demonstrated that measuring upper limb ROM using the mobile sensors by non-healthcare trained students were as reliable and valid as using the standard universal goniometers by healthcare trained students. The findings implied that the wearable mobile sensors possibly allow non-healthcare trained carers to measure clinically useful, reliable and valid upper limb ROM from patients, which may facilitate symptom monitoring and improve the efficiency of the rehabilitation process.
Traditional Beliefs in Postpartum Care among Indonesian and Filipino Mothers: A Comparative Study
Authors:   Department of Midwifery, Health Polytechnic, Tapanuli Utara, Indonesia, Siregar Marni , Panggabean Hetty WA ,   Department of Midwifery, Health Polytechnic, Tapanuli Utara, Indonesia, Regondola Joseph Peter B. ,   Department of Nursing, Trinity University of Asia, Philippines, Aritonang Marasi ,   Department of Midwifery, Singaper Bangsa University, Karawang, Indonesia
Published: October 2021

Introduction: This study was conducted to assess the traditional beliefs and practices in postpartum care among Indonesian and Filipino mothers to propose a program to improve maternal and child health. Methods: The study utilized a descriptive research design to Indonesian mother respondents (n=110) and Filipino mother-respondents (n=119) who were conveniently selected. Traditional beliefs focused on technological factors, religious and philosophical factors, kinship and social factors, cultural values, beliefs, lifestyles, political and legal factors, economic factors, and educational factors were evaluated. Results: On assessing the traditional beliefs in postpartum care, Indonesian mother respondents obtained an overall mean of 2.83 verbally interpreted as agree/true while Filipino mother-respondents yielded an overall mean of 2.99 verbally interpreted as agree/true. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in the assessment of Indonesian and Filipino mother respondents on their traditional beliefs in postpartum care in terms of technological factors, kinship, and social factors, cultural values, and educational factors. Conclusions: These findings indicate that traditional practices towards maternal care in the postpartum period are commonplace that have been practiced for generations in countries in Southeast Asia, especially Indonesia and the Philippines, although there are different traditional beliefs in postpartum care in aspects of technological factors, kinship and social factors, cultural values, beliefs, and like ways factors, and educational factors.
Addictiveness as a risk factor for verbal memory deficit
in schizophrenia: a case-control study
Authors: López-Lorenzo Sonia , Jimeno-Bulnes Natalia , Vargas-Aragón Martín L.
Published: October 2021

Cognitive deficit is one of the main prognostic predictors in schizophrenia, mainly the deficit in
verbal memory. The causal relationship between substances use, substance use disorders and
psychotic syndrome is probably multidirectional and still is under the possible effect of confusion
factors. The Addictiveness in the Psychotic Syndrome Assessment Scale (APSAS) evaluates in a
global mode the dimension of adictivity taking in account all these factors: beginning, frequency,
length, and intensity. The objective of the study is to know if the dimension of adictivity is
associated to memory disorders. A group of psychotic subjects with memory deficits (n =
47) and a control group of psychotic subjects without memory deficits (n = 58) are compared
obtaining a major adictivity in the first group. According to our results, the score of APSAS >
55 indicates possible memory deficits. This measuring can provide relevant information on the
actual state, evolution and prognose of patients with comorbidity of psychosis and addiction.
Rehabilitación psicosocial e intervención familiar en personas con trastorno dual
Authors: Fernández Jaime A. , Baena Ernesto
Published: October 2021

En el trastorno dual confluyen dos trastornos graves y crónicos que aún hoy son un desafío a las
redes de atención sanitaria y social. En ese contexto las familias desempeñan un papel importante
en el mantenimiento de estas personas en la comunidad. El trastorno dual se asocia con una serie
de efectos negativos sobre el entorno familiar, con mayor carga de cuidados y conflictos. Para
este artículo, se han revisado cuatro modelos de intervención familiar en el trastorno dual.
Conclusiones. La intervención familiar ha demostrado ser un importante elemento del
tratamiento del trastorno dual. Los cuatro programas de intervención presentados coinciden en
unos componentes comunes: intervención uni/multi familiar, bases teóricas de los modelos de
probada eficacia, psicoeducación, entrenamiento en comunicación, resolución de problemas y la
entrevista motivacional transversal a todo el programa. Aun así persisten áreas que no mejoran
y los resultados no son concluyentes, por lo que es necesario seguir buscando fórmulas que
apunten hacia recursos terapéuticos más flexibles según las necesidades y circunstancias de cada
una de estas personas.
Psychosocial rehabilitation and family intervention for people with dual disorders
Authors: Fernández Jaime A. , Baena Ernesto
Published: October 2021

In dual disorder, two serious and chronic disorders converge that are still a challenge to health
and social care networks. In this context, families play an important role in keeping these people
included in the community. Dual disorder is associated with a series of negative effects on the
family environment, with a greater burden of care and conflict. For this article, four models of
family intervention in dual disorder have been reviewed.
Conclusions. Family intervention has proven to be an important element of dual disorder
treatment. The four intervention programs presented coincide in share some common
components: single / multi-family intervention, theoretical bases of the models of with proven
efficacy, psychoeducation, communication training, problem solving, and the motivational
interview across the entire program. Even so, some areas still persist without improvements and
areas that do not improve persist and the results are not conclusive, so it is necessary to continue
looking for formulas that point towards more flexible therapeutic resources according to the
needs and circumstances of each of these people.