bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploratory Report on Data Synchronising Methods to Develop Machine Learning-Based Prediction Models to for Multimorbidity
Authors: Delanerolle Gayathri , Benfield David , Phiri Peter , Bouchareb Yassine , Majumder Kingshuk , Cavalini Heitor , Shi Jian , Kurmi Om , Shetty Ashish , Hapanagama Dharani , Zemkoho Alain
Published: May 2023

Endometriosis is a complex chronic condition characteristic of chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, anxiety and fatigue. This can often lead to multimorbidity which is defined by the presence of two or more long term conditions. Delayed diagnosis of endometriosis is a crucial issue that leads to poor quality of life and clinical management. There are a variety of limitations linked to conducting endometriosis research including lack of dedicated funding. Additionally, accessing existing electronic healthcare records can be challenging due to governance and regulatory restrictions. Missing data issues are another concern that has been commonly identified among real-world studies. Considering these challenges, data science technique could provide a solution by way of using synthetic datasets that could be generated using known characteristics of endometriosis to explore the possibility of predicting multimorbidity. This study aimed to develop an exploratory machine learning model that can predict multimorbidity among women with endometriosis using real-world and synthetic data. A sample size of 1012 was used from two endometriosis specialized centres in the UK. In addition, 1000 synthetic data records per centre were generated using the widely used Synthetic Data Vault’s Gaussian Copula model based on patients’ records’ characteristics. Three standard classification models, Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest (RF), were used for classification. The average accuracies for all three models (LR, SVM and RF), given as “model accuracy-centre1: accuracy-centre2” were found to be: LR 64.26%:69.04%, SVM 67.35%:68.61%, and RF 58.67%:73.76% on real-world data, and LR 69.9%:72.29%, SVM 69.39%:70.13, and RF 68.88%:74.62 on synthetic data, respectively. The findings of this report show machine learning models trained on synthetic data performed better than models trained on real-world data. Our findings suggest synthetic data holds great promise for shows value to conduct clinical epidemiology and clinical trials that could devise better precision treatments and possibly reduce the burden of multimorbidity.
Gray-Zone Lymphoma: A Still Open Issue
Authors: Pileri Stefano , Tabanelli Valentina , Roberto Chiarle , Calleri Angelica , Melle Federica , Motta Giovanna , Sapienza Maria Rosaria , Sabattini Elena , Zinzani Pier Luigi , Derenzini Enrico
Published: May 2023

The concept of gray-zone lymphoma (GZL) has been progressively refined since its in-troduction in the literature in 1998. For several years, it was applied to a rather broad spectrum of conditions, posing the problem of the differential diagnosis between any type of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, with special reference to primary mediasti-nal forms (PMBL). Officially recognized as a provisional entity in the 4th and revised 4th editions of the WHO Classification of Tumour of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues with the term “B-cell lymphoma unclassifiable with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lym-phoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma”, it was limited to tumours, which showed either morphologic features reminiscent of classical HL (CHL) but carrying a complete B-cell pheno-type or conversely provided with a PMBL morphology but revealing CHL phenotypic charac-teristics. The definition of GZL has been further revised in the recently published International Lymphoma Classification and 5th Edition of the WHO Classification of Haemato-lymphoid Tu-mours, which have limited it to mediastinal neoplasms based on emerging molecular evidences. The aim of this review is to critically discuss the issue of GZL, also in the light of the suboptimal response to current therapies.
The Mediating Roles of Social Support and Basic Psychological Needs in the Relationship between Gratitude and Adolescent Prosocial Behavior
Authors: Yu Qingyun , Wang Peizhong , Xia Xiaoyan , Zhao Lingling , Zhu Shenghua , Wang Wenchao
Published: May 2023

Prosocial behavior is vital for positive social development among adolescents, contributing to improved peer relationships, emotional well-being, and social competence. Gratitude, a positive emotion arising from recognizing and appreciating benefits received from others, has been identified as a potential contributor to adolescent prosocial behavior. This study aimed to investigate the mediating roles of social support and basic psychological needs in the relationship between gratitude and prosocial behavior among adolescents. A total of 390 middle school students participated in a longitudinal study, completing questionnaires assessing gratitude, social support, basic psychological needs, and prosocial behavior at two time points with a six-month interval. The results indicated that gratitude positively correlated with social support, basic psychological needs, and prosocial behavior. Structural equation modeling revealed that social support and basic psychological needs partially mediated the relationship between gratitude and adolescent prosocial behavior. Moreover, a chain-like mediation effect was observed, wherein social support influenced basic psychological needs, which in turn predicted prosocial behavior. These findings emphasize the importance of gratitude in fostering prosocial behavior among adolescents and highlight the mediating roles of social support and basic psychological needs in this relationship.
A Framework Analyzing Co-Creation Value Chain Mechanism in Community-Based Approach: A Literature Review
Authors: Ohnishi Satoshi , Osako Masahiro , Nakamura Shogo , Tsuji Takashi , Togawa Takuya , Kawai Kosuke , Suzuki Kaoru , Yoshida Aya , Gomi Kei
Published: May 2023

Community co-creation is increasingly crucial to the building of sustainable societies. Communities must proactively and independently create value chains in the face of many wicked problems. However, practical frameworks and tools for facilitating community co-creation require further development. As such, for this paper, we propose a theoretical framework for analyzing community co-creation value chain mechanisms based on a narrative review of literature on Collective Impact, social impact assessment, and Community Capital from the perspective of collective impact, a framework with a fair amount of previous research. We argue for the importance of applying knowledge of social impact assessment, particularly for the collective impact conditions of common agenda and shared measurement system. We discuss its relationship with the Theory of Change and the use of systems thinking to mitigate the subjectivity and arbitrariness of design thinking. Furthermore, we emphasize the value of employing the community capital concept as a framework for analyzing interrelationships among elements. By integrating multiple concepts, we enhance the collective impact framework and outline potential avenues for future research on analyzing and effectively implementing co-creation value chain mechanism in a community-based approach.
Improved Bottleneck Bandwidth and Round-Trip Propagation Congestion Control Algorithm for Round-Trip Time Fairness
Authors: Zhao Zhicheng , Cao Weihua
Published: May 2023

Traditional congestion-control algorithms based on packet loss are more favorable for short round-trip time (RTT) flows. However, when the flow occupies the bottleneck bandwidth, the effect of bottleneck bandwidth and round-trip propagation time (BBR) congestion-control algorithm is on contrary. A short RTT flow may become “starved” after multiple iterations, which leads to a significant fairness problem in the BBR. This study analyzed the convergence using the BBR algorithm principle and the effect of RTT on fairness. Thereafter, we proposed an improved algorithm termed BBR-f, constructed an inverse proportional function of RTT, and added a gain function to the congestion window (CWND) gain. A simulation experiment using the ns-3 network simulator platform shows that the algorithm can optimize fairness and improve bottleneck-linked bandwidth utilization. Finally, the Jain fair index was used to evaluate its effectiveness, and a comparison experiment with traditional algorithms was performed to verify the efficiency of the proposed method.
A Real-Time Voluntary Motion Extraction Method Based on an Adaptive Filter
Authors: Xie Mingyuan , She Jinhua , Liu Zhen-Tao , Yang Zhaohui
Published: May 2023

Tremors are a symptom of several disorders of the central and peripheral nervous systems, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). Exoskeletons have been investigated as noninvasive tremor suppression alternatives to medication and surgery. The challenge in musculoskeletal tremor suppression is attenuation of tremor motion without impeding the patient’s voluntary motion. Linear low-pass filters (LPFs) are commonly used for tremor removal. This study presents an alternative method based on an adaptive filter. We compare the effectiveness of the LPFs and adaptive filter on the recorded acceleration signals from an online database.
Real-Time Wheat Unsound Kernel Classification Detection Based on Improved YOLOv5
Authors: Zhang Zhaohui , Zuo Zengyang , Li Zhi , Yin Yuguo , Chen Yan , Zhang Tianyao , Zhao Xiaoyan
Published: May 2023

China is one of the largest wheat production countries in the world. The wheat quality determines the price and many other aspects. The detection methods of wheat quality mainly depend on manual labor. It costs high amount of manpower and time, and the classification results are partly affected by different individuals. With the development of machine vision, an automatic classification system was presented in this study. A wheat unsound kernel identification method based on the improved YOLOv5 algorithm was designed by adding efficient channel attention (ECA). Compared with convolutional block attention module (CBAM) and squeeze-and-excitation network (SENet), the improved YOLOv5 algorithm was selected to fit the model better. The recognition results showed that YOLOv5 with the addition of the attention mechanism had a significant improvement in average accuracy over that without it. The most significant improvement was observed with the addition of ECA-YOLOv5, with an average accuracy of 96.24%, a 10% improvement over the other two models, and a 13% improvement over the original YOLOv5. This satisfied the application requirements for detection of wheat unsound kernel.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих интерес (VOI) и субвариантов Omicron, находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 13.05.2023 г. по 19.05.2023 г.
Authors: Чумачкова Елена , Краснов Ярослав , Дмитриева Людмила , Осина Наталия , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: May 2023

В обзоре представлена информация по циркулирующим в настоящее время вариантам вируса SARS-COV-2 вызывающих интерес (VOI) и субвариантов Omicron, находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), геномные последовательности которых размещены в международной базе данных GISAID за неделю с 13 по 19 мая 2023 г.
High-Degree Valgus Osteotomy for Severe Femoral Head Osteonecrosis After Femoral Neck Fracture with Nonunion
Authors: Nishi Masanori , Atsumi Takashi , Yoshikawa Yasushi , Nakanishi Ryosuke , Ishikawa Tsubasa , Usui Yuki , Inagaki Katsunori
Published: May 2023

Case:

A 15-year-old adolescent boy had severe groin pain because of extensive osteonecrosis of the femoral head with collapse, joint space narrowing, and nonunion after a failed internal fixation for femoral neck fracture. We performed a 60° valgus osteotomy that moved the posteromedial small viable portion of the femoral head to the weight-bearing acetabular area. The femoral neck nonunion and the necrosis healed completely, and the spherical contour of the femoral head was regained after postoperative hip joint remodeling.

Conclusions:

Good remodeling and congruency were achieved by performing high-degree valgus osteotomy to obtain sufficient viable area below the acetabular roof.
PERSETUJUAN KHULUK SEBAB PENGARUH JIN (Studi Kasus Satu Keluarga di RT. 038 Kelurahan Melayu Kecamatan Tenggarong)
Authors: Faishol Imam
Published: May 2023

Khuluk adalah gugatan cerai yang datang dari istri dengan mensyaratkan bahwa pihak penggugat haruslah menyatakan gugatan dalam kondisi sadar. Adapun suami selaku pihak tergugat tidak dapat menyetujui gugatan apabila istri tidak memenuhi syarat pengajuan khuluk, namun tidak pada satu keluarga di RT. 038 dimana istri yang mengajukan khuluk dalam keadaan dipengaruhi jin. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus. Khuluk yang terjadi di RT. 038 berlangsung dalam keadaan istri yang dipengaruhi oleh jin, dimana saat itu suaminya tidak serta merta menyetujui gugatan khuluk tersebut sehingga tinjauan hukum kasus ini terbagi menjadi dua bagian. Bagian pertama adalah kondisi istri yang tidak memenuhi syarat penggugat khuluk dianggap tidak sah, sedangkan bagian kedua adalah alasan mengapa suami menyetujui gugatan yang dianalisis melalui beberapa kaidah fiqih dan sadd aż-żarāi’ dianggap sah hukumnya.

Keywords: persetujuan, khuluk, jin
STRATEGI BERTUMBUH KEPALA MADRASAH DALAM IMPLEMENTASI E-RKAM PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Suratman Suratman , Sugiyono Sugiyono
Published: May 2023

In order to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of BOSNAS budget management, the Ministry of Religion launched a madrasa reform program, one of which was the implementation of the eRKAM application. Various problems and dynamics in the implementation process in the field in each madrasa make it important to study the growth strategy of madrasah principals in implementing eRKAM applications. This type of research is quantitative research, as the data sources are the head of the madrasa, the treasurer of eRKAM, the operator and the madrasa development team. The collection technique was carried out by observation, documentation, interviews and filling out research instruments. The analysis was carried out using the TOWS analysis technique, namely by utilizing internal strengths to take advantage of opportunities and minimize threats from external elements. The results showed that the strategy used by the madrasah principal in implementing eRKAM was a growth strategy, this was based on the results of data analysis using MS Excel which was in coordinates (1.19 on the X axis and 1.73 on the Y axis) located at coordinate 1.
LIMITASI DOMAIN KOGNISI DAN PERILAKU DALAM PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Hajiannor Hajiannor , Cahyadi Ani , Setiawan Agus
Published: May 2023

This article aims to analyze the character through the domain of cognition and behavior. That the domain of cognition and behavior consists of three domains of intelligence; Cognitive, affective and psychomotor play an important role in shaping personality. However, it should be realized that each domain has a specific function in stimulating the pattern of autonomous psychological traits. The method used is qualitative analysis based on critical analysis approach. The results of the study show that there are various patterns of individual character in thinking, acting and acting. Observing the existence of function limitations, it is necessary to balance the internal domains, harmonize and synergize them with other domains. This is intended so that the internalization of positive values ​​instilled in each domain for the formation of good character can be carried out in a directed, simultaneous and optimal manner. Full awareness (conscious awareness) thinking activities that are connected through the work function of the brain can basically build connectedness and influence each other between domains in shaping behavior. Its optimization requires harmonization between body and spirit, mind and heart, knowledge and charity. With it, the intellectual clarity that a person has is not only in the normative-idealistic but empirical-applicative aspects. Ihsan, who has a core of moral values, is able to move conscious awareness while still standing on his strong individuality to also bring benefits among others, including relationships with his natural environment.
Desenvolvimento da competência motora de crianças em idade pré-escolar num programa de adaptação ao meio aquático, em modelo de parceria pedagógica
Authors: Iria Catarina , Veiga Guida , Matías Ana  Rita
Published: May 2023

Introdução: Os programas de adaptação ao meio aquático parecem ser benéficos para o desenvolvimento das crianças. Apesar de a maioria dos programas ser implementado apenas por um técnico, alguns autores salientam a importância da parceria pedagógica nestes programas.
Objetivos: O presente estudo pretendeu analisar os efeitos de um programa de adaptação ao meio aquático, num modelo de parceria pedagógica, na competência motora de crianças de idade pré-escolar.
Método: Foi realizado um estudo quase-experimental em que participaram 50 crianças (25 no Grupo de Controlo e 25 no Grupo Experimental). As crianças foram avaliadas antes do programa e após o programa através da Bateria de Avaliação do Movimento para Crianças - 2. O programa teve a duração de 4 meses, tendo sido realizadas um mínimo de 15 sessões. A parceria pedagógica formada por uma professora de natação e uma terapeuta psicomotora foi avaliada em quatro momentos através da Escala de Observação das Competências Principais de Parceria Pedagógica.
Resultados: Comparativamente às crianças do grupo de controlo, as crianças que participaram no programa de adaptação ao meio aquático evidenciaram melhorias ao nível do Atirar e Agarrar e no Total da Competência Motora. Também foram evidentes melhorias na Destreza Manual das crianças participantes. Foi observada uma evolução gradual da parceria pedagógica ao longo dos 4 meses.
Conclusões: Contudo, no final do programa de adaptação ao meio aquático, a parceria ainda se encontrava “em desenvolvimento”.
Palavras chave: pré-escolar; planeamento; avaliação; ensino; habilidades aquáticas.
Revisión bibliográfica: Los beneficios del entrenamiento en el medio acuático para atletas de carreras
Authors: Roselló Hudson Francisco , Genís Ros Ana
Published: May 2023

Antecedentes: El medio acuático es comúnmente utilizado para el desarrollo de múltiples actividades físicas debido a las propiedades físicas del agua. Partiendo de este principio surge la duda de si este medio puede ser de utilidad para optimizar el proceso de entrenamiento en el atletismo.
Objetivos: El objetivo del presente trabajo es recopilar información sobre los efectos del entrenamiento en el medio acuático y las consideraciones básicas a la hora de llevarlo a cabo para el desarrollo de las cualidades físicas en el atletismo, abarcando la prevención, rehabilitación de lesiones y la mejora del rendimiento.
Método: Revisión de artículos que han comprobado los beneficios del entrenamiento en el medio acuático para el desarrollo deportivo y la prevención y readaptación de lesiones en el atletismo o en cualidades que marcan el rendimiento en este.
Resultados: El medio acuático reduce las fuerzas de reacción del suelo verticales, y por ende el impacto, reduciendo así el riesgo de lesión, al mismo tiempo que permite obtener beneficios similares al medio terrestre, relacionados con variables como la pliometría y el fitness cardiorrespiratorio.
Conclusiones: El entrenamiento para el atletismo en el medio acuático permite desarrollar los determinantes del rendimiento reduciendo el riesgo de lesión. No obstante, para que se de esto y se puedan aprovechar las bondades del agua, es necesario entender a la perfección como esta afecta al organismo cuando este está en inmersión.
Palabras clave: “atletismo”, “entrenamiento”,” entrenamiento en el agua”, “carrera a pie”, “pliometría”, “larga distancia”, “lesión muscular”, “medio acuático”.
Patrones generales de rendimiento en natación
Authors: Yustres Amores Inmaculada , Rivas Ángel
Published: May 2023

Antecedentes: Diferentes variables afectan a la obtención del rendimiento en categoría absoluta. Existiendo gran controversia sobre el efecto de la especialización temprana en la obtención de rendimiento en posteriores categorías.
Objetivos: El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar el efecto de la especialización temprana en natación. Además, observar la progresión de los nadadores españoles y estadounidenses que han participado en la final en Campeonatos del mundo en categoría junior, comprobando si logran obtener rendimiento en finales de Juegos Olímpicos y Campeonatos del Mundo absoluto entre los años 2006 y 2021, de todos los estilos y distancias.
Método: La base de datos final está formada por 268 nadadores. Análisis descriptivos tales como conteo, tablas de contingencia se realizaron para saber el número total de nadadores en función del género y la categoría, también para conocer el número de nadadores en cada estilo en función de la competición y el país perteneciente, y por último para el tiempo medio de cada prueba.
Resultados: Los resultados mostraron un mayor número de nadadores finalistas de EE. UU. en todos los estilos de las competiciones, y con un mayor número de participantes en estilo libre. De los nadadores junior 77 (28.41%) únicamente 7 (2.58%) nadadores llegaron a las finales de Campeonatos del Mundo junior, Campeonatos del Mundo absoluto y Juegos Olímpicos.
Conclusiones: En conclusión, ser finalista de los Campeonatos del Mundo junior no influye en el éxito en las finales de Campeonatos del Mundo absoluto y Juegos Olímpicos para nadadores españoles y estadounidenses.
Palabras clave: especialización temprana, natación, talento, rendimiento
Análisis cinemático del nado ondulatorio subacuático en posición dorsal para nadadores de competición
Authors: Trinidad Morales Alfonso , Rey Borja , Veiga Santiago
Published: May 2023

Antecedentes: El Nado Ondulatorio Subacuático (NOS) es una parte de las pruebas de natación competitiva en el que la resistencia al avance en el agua se reduce prácticamente a la mitad comparado con el nado en superficie. Ello hace que las velocidades alcanzadas en dichos segmentos sean las más rápidas de todos los estilos tras la salida y viraje.

Objetivos: i) Aplicar técnicas de análisis cinemático para la evaluación del nado ondulatorio subacuático en nadadores de competición a espalda y ii) Comparar el rendimiento subacuático entre el primer y el ultimo batido del nado ondulatorio en posición dorsal.

Método: 42 nadadores, 28 nadadoras y 14 nadadores realizaron un sprint de 25 metros con salida desde dentro del agua y a la máxima velocidad en posición dorsal. Fueron filmados con dos cámaras secuenciales (50Hz) desde una vista subacuática lateral desde el inicio hasta aproximadamente 15 metros. Mediante el software libre Kinovea 0.9.1 se digitalizaron los puntos articulares del primer y último batido ondulatorio.

Resultados: La pérdida de velocidad en los chicos fue de un 10,37% en comparación con las chicas (16,39%). La pérdida de amplitud en ambos sexos fue relativamente parecida (9,95% y 10,15%). Mientras que la pérdida de frecuencia fue mayor en los chicos frente a las chicas (8,32% vs 7,41%). Por otro lado, el punto corporal de mayor variación angular entre el primer y último batido fue el tobillo, llegando a variar cerca de los 20 grados en fase descendente en los chicos. En cambio, el hombro y la cadera no se desvían más de 20 grados de la línea recta en ninguna de las posiciones y/o batidos.

Conclusiones: Existe una pérdida de velocidad entre el primer y último batido (8% - 10%), debido a un descanso de la frecuencia y menor de la longitud del batido. Luego, las variables angulares entre el primer y último batido mostraron pocas diferencias. Dicha información representa una de las pocas evidencias científicas del comportamiento cinemático de nadadores de competición durante el batido ondulatorio en posición dorsal.

Palabras Claves: Movimiento ondulatorio subacuático, frecuencia de batido, amplitud de batido, espalda.
Fast in vivo assay of creatine kinase activity in the human brain by 31P magnetic resonance fingerprinting
Authors: Widmaier Mark , Lim Song-I , Wenz Daniel , Xin Lijing
Published: May 2023

A new and efficient magnetisation transfer 31P magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MT-31P-MRF) approach is introduced to measure the creatine kinase metabolic rate kCK between phosphocreatine (PCr) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in human brain. The MRF framework is extended to overcome challenges in conventional 31P measurement methods in the human brain in vivo by reducing specific absorption rate deposition, incorporating system imperfection into a model, and testing a range of values for each parameter to arrive at their estimation. To compute complex high-dimensional datasets, we propose a nested iteration interpolation method (NIIM). As the number of parameters to estimate increases, the size of the dictionary grows exponentially. NIIM can reduce the computational load by breaking dictionary matching into subsolutions of linear computational order. The MT-31P-MRF combined with the NIIM provides T1PCr , T 1ATP , and kCK estimates in good agreement with those obtained by the exchange kinetics by band inversion transfer (EBIT) method and literature values. Furthermore, the test-retest reproducibility results showed that the MT-31P-MRF achieves less than 10% of the coefficient of variation for T1PCr , T 1ATP , and kCK measurements in 4 min 15 s, which is more than four times faster than the EBIT method. We conclude that MT-31P-MRF in combination with the NIIM is a fast, accurate and reproducible approach for in vivo kCK assays in the human brain, which enables the potential for investigating energy metabolism in a clinical setting.
Living Systematic Review of COVID-19 Vaccination - Policies, Health and Care Workforce Behaviour and Requirements to Cover a Target population
Authors: Silva Alessandra Pereira , Castaneda Luciana , Oliviera Ana Paula , Frontera Inês , Craveiro Isabel , Ferrinho Paulo , Poz Mario Dal , Chança Raphael
Published: May 2023

Background:
The COVID-19 revealed a vacuum of knowledge on health workforce requirements to conduct vaccination campaigns on the massive scale required by the pandemic. The health workforce represents both a priority target group for COVID-19 vaccination, and also a central element of health systems’ capacity to deliver it to the wider population. With new evidence being produced almost daily we plan a living systematic review to answer four different, yet complementary, review questions that encompass workforce requirements for COVID-19 vaccination of the target population; productivity and performance of vaccination teams; barriers and enablers for COVID-19 vaccination of health workers; prioritization of health workers as key target population; COVID-19 vaccination coverage among health and care workers; policy and regulation of mandatory vaccination of health and care workers.
Objective:
To gather, analyze, classify, prioritize, and report through living systematic reviews of the literature to collate evidence on priority policy areas that may guide health workforce monitoring, impact assessment and normative guidance in the context of COVID-19 pandemic vaccination.
Methods
The living systematic review (LSR) will include quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods studies.The databases to be searched include MEDLINE - PubMed, Embase, SCOPUS, Web of Science,Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature. In addition, grey literature to be searched will include WHO’s COVID-19 and Google Scholar. The review will search relevant records published between 2019 and March,2022. The LSR will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
Effects of proprioceptive training on gait and plantar pressure after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: xiaojun Zhao xiaojun Zhao , ming Ma ming Ma , jianye Guo jianye Guo , wudong Sun wudong Sun , jun Cui jun Cui , ningqing Huang ningqing Huang , panpan Feng panpan Feng , yi Qu yi Qu
Published: May 2023

Background People who have undergone anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction have an increased risk of osteoarthritis. Abnormality of lower limb kinematics will occur after operation. This may be related to lower limb muscle strength, the co-excitation of hamstrings and quadriceps femoris and the weakness of proprioception. Proprioceptive training can improve the proprioception of lower limbs and promote the recovery of lower limb kinematics. Our research objective is to observe whether proprioceptive training can improve the proprioception of lower limbs within 1 year after surgery and whether the recovery of proprioception can correct the abnormal lower limb kinematics. The secondary objective is to explore the underlying mechanism of postoperative lower limb gait abnormalities.
Methods/design This study is a prospective single-center randomized clinical trial to be conducted in the Sports Medicine and Orthopedics of Zhongda Hospital Southeast University. Forty participants aged 18-50, undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction between 3 months and 1 year, stopping using crutches and braces after 6 weeks, initial anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using hamstring tendons as grafts will be randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. All participants will receive routine rehabilitation training after surgery. People in the intervention group will add proprioceptive training three times a week, 20 minutes each time. The researcher mainly collects the data of joint of sense, gait and plantar pressure. Data collection will be conducted before the intervention,6 weeks after the intervention and 12 weeks after the intervention.
Discussion The main purpose of our study is to explore whether the proprioception of patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is weakened, whether the lower limb kinematics is abnormal, and whether the lower limb kinematics can be corrected through proprioceptive training.
Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry；ChiCTR2200065808；Registered on 15 November 2022；Version 1.
Land subsidence susceptibility mapping: A new approach to improve Decision Stump Classification (DSC) performance and combine it with four machine learning algorithms
Authors: Zhao Rui , Ameri Alireza , santosh Msantosh
Published: May 2023

Land subsidence is a worldwide threat. In arid and semiarid land, groundwater depletion is the main factor that induce the subsidence resulting in environmental damages, and soccio-economic issues. To foresee and prevent the impact of land subsidence, it is necessary to develop accurate maps of the magnitude and evolution of the subsidences. Land subsidence susceptibility maps (LSSMs) provide one of the effective tools to manage vulnerable areas, and to reduce or prevent land subsidence. In this study, we used a new approach to improve Decision Stump Classification (DSC) performance and combine it with machine learning algorithms (MLAs) of Naive Bayes Tree (NBTree), J48 decision tree, alternating decision tree (ADTree), logistic model tree (LMT) and support vector machine (SVM) in land subsidence susceptibility mapping (LSSSM). We employ data from 94 subsidence locations, among which 70% were used to train learning hybrid models, and the other 30% were used for validation. In addition, the models’ performance was assessed by ROC-AUC, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, odd ratio, root-mean-square error (RMSE), Kappa, frequency ratio and F-score techniques. A comparison of the results obtained from the different models reveal that the new DSC-ADTree hybrid algorithm has the highest accuracy (AUC = 0.983) in preparing LSSSMs as compared to other learning models such as DSC-J48 (AUC = 0.976), DSC-NBTree (AUC = 0.959), DSC-LMT (AUC = 0.948), DSC-SVM (AUC = 0.939) and DSC (AUC = 0.911). The LSSSMs generated through the novel scientific approach presented in our study provide reliable tools for managing and reducing the risk of land subsidence.
Standard vs. Targeted Oxygen Therapy Prehospitally for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (STOP-COPD); study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Jensen Arne Sylvester Rønde , Valentin Jan Brink , Mulvad Mathilde Gundgaard , Hagenau Victor Hagenau Victor , Skaarup Søren Helbo , Johnsen Søren Paaske , Væggemose Ulla , Gude Martin Faurholdt
Published: May 2023

Background: A high concentration of inspired supplemental oxygen may possibly cause hypercapnia, acidosis and increase mortality in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Even so, patients with AECOPD are being treated with high oxygen flow rates when receiving inhalation drugs in the prehospital setting. A cluster-randomised controlled trial found that reduced oxygen delivery by titrated treatment reduced mortality - a result supported by observational studies - but the results have never been reproduced. In the STOP-COPD trial, we investigate the effect of titrated oxygen delivery compared with usual care consisting of high flow oxygen delivery in patients with AECOPD in the prehospital setting.
Methods: In this randomised controlled trial, patients will be blinded to allocation. Patients with suspected AECOPD (n = 1,888) attended by the emergency medical service (EMS) and aged > 40 years will be allocated randomly to either standard treatment or titrated oxygen, targeting a blood oxygen saturation of 88–92% during inhalation therapy. The trial will be conducted in the Central Denmark Region and include all ambulance units. The power to detect a 3% 30-day mortality risk difference is 80%. The trial is approved as an emergency trial. Hence, EMS providers will include patients without prior consent.
Discussion: The results will provide evidence on whether titrated oxygen delivery outperforms standard high flow oxygen when used to nebulise inhaled bronchodilators in AECOPD treatment. The trial is designed to ensure unselected inclusion of patients with AECOPD needing nebulised bronchodilators – a group of patients that receives high oxygen fractions when treated in the prehospital setting where the only compressed gas is generally pure oxygen. Conducting this trial, we aim to improve treatment for people with AECOPD while reducing their 30-day mortality.
Trial registration: European Union Clinical Trials (EUCT) number: 2022-502003-30-00 (authorised 06/12/2022), ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT05703919 (released 02/02/2023), Universal trial number: U1111-1278-2162.
HIV/AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of urban Ghanaian pregnant women: Results of a qualitative study
Authors: Dapaah Jonathan Mensah , Addo Bright
Published: May 2023

Knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions (KAPs) regarding HIV/AIDS is one of the cornerstones in the fight against the disease. Mortality and morbidity among HIV-infected pregnant or postpartum women are reported to be eight times higher than their HIV-uninfected counterparts. Preventing mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) strategies can be more effective if women, particularly pregnant women, have comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS. This qualitative study was designed to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of HIV/AIDS among 18 pregnant women attending antenatal care in a health facility in Accra, Ghana. Data was collected through individual in-depth interviews, transcribed and thematically analyzed using the six steps identified by Braun and Clarke. Three themes emerged from the analysis: (a) Pregnant women’s knowledge of the causes and transmission of HIV/AIDS, (b) Attitude towards HIV/AIDS and HIV testing, and (c) Perceptions about pregnant women living with HIV. We found the knowledge of the causes and mode of HIV transmission among the pregnant women to be relatively high. However, testing to determine their HIV status was low, owing to factors such as fear of testing positive, the stigma, discrimination, and prejudice associated with HIV/AIDS, and misconceptions some had about how the virus could be contracted (spiritually), which necessitated spiritual assistance before, during, and after testing. To encourage and improve testing uptake, we propose that health professionals who see pregnant women during their antenatal care visits debunk myths and superstitions about the virus and disease during ANC visits.
Cranial Affinity Among Historical Populations in Sardinia, Italy: Biometric Insights for Orthodontic Purposes
Authors: Campus Guglielmo , Solinas Giuliana , Dettori Marco , Arghittu Antonella , Castiglia Paolo
Published: May 2023

Since human skulls may be used as a benchmark of the evolutionary process, the aim of the present study to assess the cranial affinity of Sardinian populations from different historical periods with a standard index to evaluate its benefits for orthodontic purposes. Craniometric variables from four throughout cephalograms (anterior and lateral) of 72 units from historical Sardinian populations, two prehistoric, one medieval, and one modern were compared to the Bolton standard. Anova-one way was performed for means comparison. Hierarchical cluster analysis and the bootstrap technique for the reliability of dendrogram were performed. Length data pointed out statistically significant results (p < 0.01). Usually, the medieval showed higher mean values compared to the other groups; the prehistoric population presented the highest value of Euclidean distance when compared to the medieval; the modern showed no affinity to prehistoric populations nor to the Bolton standard. The length and the breadth of the neurocranium, maxillary-alveolar length, orbital height, maximum cranial breadth and palate breadth external contributed to the dissimilarity among populations. Dissimilarities in the craniometric measurements of Sardinian populations are impressive. Therefore, the main outcome showed that the craniometric standards as the Bolton standard are not applicable across the Sardinian population.
Association between Cardiovascular Diseases and Dementia among various age groups: A Population-Based Cohort Study in Older Adults
Authors: Boivin-Proulx Laurie-Anne , Brouillette Judith , Dorais Marc , Perreault Sylvie
Published: May 2023

The link between cardiovascular (CV) risk factors or diseases and dementia is documented. There is conflicting evidence whether age moderates the association. We need to study this gap so that research and clinical initiatives target appropriate age groups. A cohort of 320,630 adult patients without dementia was built using Quebec healthcare databases (1998–2010). The CV risk factors were hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia, while diseases included stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), chronic heart failure (HF), and atrial fibrillation (AF). Dementia risk and CV risk factors or diseases were assessed using incidence rate ratios and Cox regression across age groups. The cohort presented by mainly female sex (67.7%) and mean age of 74.1 years. Incident rate of dementia increased with age, ranging from 4.1 to 93.5 per 1,000 person-years. Diabetes, stroke, HF and AF were significantly associated with dementia risk, hazard ratios ranged from 1.08 to 3.54. The strength of association decreased in advanced age for diabetes, stroke and HF. The results suggest that prevention of diabetes, stroke, HF and AF are crucial to mitigate dementia risk. The pathophysiology of dementia in younger and older populations seems to differ, with less impact of CV risk factors in advanced age.
Two-trace two-dimensional correlation spectra (2T2D-COS) analysis using FTIR spectra to monitor the immune response by COVID-19
Authors: Karthikeyan Sivakumaran , Vazquez-Zapien Gustavo Jesus , Martinez-Cuazitl Adriana , Delgado-Macuil Raul Jacobo , Rivera-Alatorre Daniel Enrique , Garibay-Gonzalez Francisco , Delgado-Gonzalez Josemaria , Valencia-Trujillo Daniel , Guerrero-Ruiz Melissa , Atriano-Colorado Consuelo , Lopez-Reyes Alberto , Lopez-Mezquita Dante J. , Mata-Miranda Monica Maribel
Published: May 2023

There is a growing trend in using saliva for SARS-CoV-2 detection with reasonable accuracy. We have studied the responses of IgA, IgG, and IgM in human saliva by directly comparing disease with control analyzing two-trace two-dimensional correlation spectra (2T2D-COS) employing Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. The findings show the decrease of IgG and IgM salivary antibodies in the 50, 60, 65, and 75-years samples. Among the various COVID-19 populations studied, the female 30 years group reveal defence mechanisms exhibited by IgM and IgA. Lipids and fatty acids decrease, resulting in lipid oxidation due to the SARS-CoV-2 in the samples studied. Study shows salivary thiocyanate plays defence against SARS-CoV-2 in male population in 25 and 35 age groups. The receiver operation characteristics statistical method shows a sensitivity of 98% and specificity 94% for the samples studied. The measure of accuracy computed as F1 score and G score has a high value which supports the validation of our study. The 2T2D-COS analysis has the potential to monitor the progression of immunoglobulin’s response function of COVID-19 with good accuracy, which could help in diagnosing clinical trials.
Quantifying the behavioural consequences of shark ecotourism
Authors: Gayford Joel H. , Pearse William D. , Venegas Rafael De La Parra , Whitehead Darren A.
Published: May 2023

Shark populations globally are facing catastrophic declines. Ecotourism has been posited as a potential solution to many of the issues facing shark conservation, yet increasingly studies suggest that such activity may negatively influence aspects of shark ecology and so further pressure declining populations. Here we combine UAV videography with deep learning algorithms, multivariate statistics and hidden Markov models (HMM) to quantitatively investigate the behavioural consequences of ecotourism in the whale shark (Rhincodon typus). We find that ecotourism increases the probability of sharks being in a disturbed behavioural state, likely increasing energetic expenditure and potentially leading to downstream ecological effects. These results are only recovered when fitting models that account for individual variation in behavioural responses and past behavioural history. Our results demonstrate that behavioural responses to ecotourism are context dependent, as the initial behavioural state is important in determining responses to human activity. We also suggest that the responsiveness of R. typus to human activity hints at a previously neglected resilience to environmental change. Finally, we argue that complex models incorporating individuality and context-dependence should, wherever possible, be incorporated into future studies investigating the ecological impacts of shark ecotourism, which are only likely to increase in importance given the expansion of the industry and the dire conservation status of many shark species.
NMNAT2 supports vesicular glycolysis via NAD homeostasis to fuel fast axonal transport
Authors: Yang Sen , Niou Zhen-Xian , Enriquez Andrea , LaMar Jacob , Huang Jui-Yen , Ling Karen , Jafar-Nejad Paymaan , Gilley Jonathan , Coleman Michael P. , Tennessen Jason M. , Rangaraju Vidhya , Lu Hui-Chen
Published: May 2023

Background
Bioenergetic maladaptations and axonopathy are often found in the early stages of neurodegeneration. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), an essential cofactor for energy metabolism, is mainly synthesized by Nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyl transferase 2 (NMNAT2) in CNS neurons. NMNAT2 mRNA levels are reduced in the brains of Alzheimer’s, Parkinson's, and Huntington’s disease. Here we addressed whether NMNAT2 is required for axonal health of cortical glutamatergic neurons, whose long-projecting axons are often vulnerable in neurodegenerative conditions. We also tested if NMNAT2 maintains axonal health by ensuring axonal ATP levels for axonal transport, critical for axonal function.
Methods
We generated mouse and cultured neuron models to determine the impact of NMNAT2 loss from cortical glutamatergic neurons on axonal transport, energetic metabolism, and morphological integrity. In addition, we determined if exogenous NAD supplementation or inhibiting a NAD hydrolase, sterile alpha and TIR motif-containing protein 1 (SARM1), prevented axonal deficits caused by NMNAT2 loss. This study used a combination of genetics, molecular biology, immunohistochemistry, biochemistry, fluorescent time-lapse imaging, live imaging with optical sensors, and anti-sense oligos.
Results
We provide in vivo evidence that NMNAT2 in glutamatergic neurons is required for axonal survival. Using in vivo and in vitro studies, we demonstrate that NMNAT2 maintains the NAD-redox potential to provide “on-board” ATP via glycolysis to vesicular cargos in distal axons. Exogenous NAD+ supplementation to NMNAT2 KO neurons restores glycolysis and resumes fast axonal transport. Finally, we demonstrate both in vitro and in vivo that reducing the activity of SARM1, an NAD degradation enzyme, can reduce axonal transport deficits and suppress axon degeneration in NMNAT2 KO neurons.
Conclusion
NMNAT2 ensures axonal health by maintaining NAD redox potential in distal axons to ensure efficient vesicular glycolysis required for fast axonal transport.
Estimation of breed effects and non-additive genetic variation for ostrich slaughter and skin traits
Authors: Nemutandani Khetho Ratshilumlea , Engelbrecht Anel , Cloete Schalk Willem Petrus , Dzama Kennedy , Tada Obert
Published: May 2023

The study quantified breed effects and putative non-additive genetic variation for quantitative and qualitative skin traits of South African Black (SAB), Zimbabwean Blue (ZB), Kenyan Red (KR) ostriches and their reciprocal crosses. Data from SAB, ZB and their reciprocal crosses (n = 666 to 762), as well as of SAB, KR, and their reciprocal crosses (n = 544 to 594), were analysed separately. The 2x2 diallel crossbreeding design was used for assessing the crossbred combinations, while degrees of freedom for genetic group were used to derive linear contrasts to partition the effects of additive breed, heterosis and the damline effect. The ZB strain outperformed SAB birds for most size-related traits. Additive breed effects were significant for slaughter weight (10.4%), crust skin size (3.9%), crown length (1.5%) and nodule shape score (1.6%). Significant heterosis were found for slaughter weight (4.3%), crust skin size (1.7%), nodule size score (3.7%) and hair follicle score (12%). Significant damline effects were observed for skin weight (4.1%), crown shape (2.4%) and hair follicle score (4.1%). In SAB, KR and their reciprocal crosses analysis, additive breed effects were mostly similar to ZB strain with SAB. Heterosis estimates were significant for slaughter weight (5.7%), crust skin size (2.9%), crown length (1.7%) and nodule size score (4.4%). Damline effect was significant for slaughter weight (3.7%) and nodule size score (3.8%). It was concluded that ZB and KR birds outperformed their SAB contemporaries for size and size-related traits, and that commercial crossbreeding could improve size-related traits of hybrids over the mid-parent value of purebreds.