bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health-Related Internet Usage and Design Feature Preference for E-Mental Health Programs Among Men and Women (Preprint)
Authors: Smail-Crevier Rachel , Powers Gabrielle , Noel Chelsea , Wang JianLi
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Major depressive episodes (MDEs) are prevalent in the workplace and affect workers’ health and productivity. Therefore, there is a pressing need for innovation in the prevention of MDEs in the workplace. Electronic mental (e-mental) health programs are a cost-effective approach toward the self-management of stress and emotional issues. E-mental health dropout rate, MDE prevalence, and symptoms greatly vary by sex and age. Thus, the development and implementation of e-mental health programs for the prevention of MDEs need to be examined through a sex and age lens to enhance program use and effectiveness.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to examine design feature preferences based on sex and age for an e-mental health program targeted toward depression prevention.

METHODS

Household residents across Canada were contacted using the random digit dialing method. 500 women and 511 men who were 18 years and older and who were at high risk of having MDEs were interviewed. Internet use was assessed using questions from the 2012 Canadian Internet Use Survey conducted by Statistics Canada, and preferred design features of e-mental health program questions were developed by the BroMatters team members. The proportions of likely use of specific features of e-mental health programs in women were estimated and compared with those in men using chi-square tests. The comparisons were made overall and by age groups.

RESULTS

Men (181/511, 35.4%) and women (211/500, 42.2%) differed significantly in their likelihood of using an e-mental health program. Compared with men (307/489, 62.8%), women (408/479, 85.2%) were more likely to use the internet for medical or health-related information. Women were more likely to use the following design features: practices and exercises to help reduce symptoms of stress and depression (350/500, 70.7%), a self-help interactive program that provides information about stress and work problems (302/500, 61.8%), the ability to ask questions and receive answers from mental health professionals via email or text message (294/500, 59.9%), and to receive printed materials by mail (215/500, 43.4%). Men preferred to receive information in a video game format (156/511, 30.7%). Younger men (46/73, 63%) and younger women (49/60, 81%) were more likely to access a program through a mobile phone or an app, and younger men preferred having access to information in a video game format.

CONCLUSIONS

Factors such as sex and age influenced design feature preferences for an e-mental health program. Working women who are at high risk for MDEs preferred interactive programs incorporating practice and exercise for reducing stress, quality information about work stress, and some guidance from professionals. This suggests that sex and age should be taken into account when designing e-mental health programs to meet the needs of individuals seeking help via Web-based mental health programs and to enhance their use.
Investigating Nutrition-Related Complications and Quality of Life in Patients With Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Protocol for a Mixed-Methods Prospective Study (Preprint)
Authors: Laing Erin , Kiss Nicole , Michael Michael , Gough Karla , Krishnasamy Meinir
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP NETs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors with distinct effects on the body due to their potential to secrete hormones and peptides. The incidence and prevalence of GEP NETs in Australia are rising. During 2000-2006, the annual incidence was approximately 3.3 per 100,000 population. To date, there has been development of clinical practice and consensus guidelines for NETs covering best practice for diagnosis, treatment, and medical management; however, the supportive care needs and optimal nutritional management of patients affected by NETs remains underresearched, and evidence to guide clinical practice is lacking. While there is emerging research describing the extent of morbidity in different types of GEP NET patients, little is known about the experience of people affected by these tumors and how nutritional status is impacted by either diagnosis or treatment.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to explore nutrition-related complications and quality of life of patients diagnosed with a GEP NET and to generate evidence to inform future research and development of nutrition screening and management practices.

METHODS

Patients diagnosed with a GEP NET at two metropolitan recruitment sites will be invited to participate in a 6-month, mixed-methods longitudinal study. Participants recruited to the study will receive usual care and participate in data collection for the study at 4 time points (at recruitment and 2, 4, and 6 months postrecruitment). Study data will include nutritional status, body weight, fat-free mass, and patient-reported outcome measures (dietitian contact, disease-related symptom presence and severity, dietary habits, health-related quality of life, psychological morbidity, and financial impact). At recruitment and 6 months postrecruitment, complete nutrient testing, including relevant plasma vitamin levels, will also be undertaken. A purposive sample of participants will be invited to take part in semistructured interviews to explore the experience of living with a GEP NET and associated nutrition complications.

RESULTS

Ethics approval has been obtained, and study recruitment and data collection are underway.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will provide the first in-depth, comprehensive description of nutritional issues in patients with GEP NETs. Results will advance the knowledge of nutritional issues faced by patients with GEP NETs and help inform the development of screening tools and clinical practice guidelines.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR

DERR1-10.2196/11228
Incorporating Technology Into the iCook 4-H Program, a Cooking Intervention for Adults and Children: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Colby Sarah , Moret Lauren , Olfert Melissa D , Kattelmann Kendra , Franzen-Castle Lisa , Riggsbee Kristin , Payne Magen , Ellington Ainsley , Springer Cary , Allison Chelsea , Wiggins Sa'Nealdra , Butler Rochelle , Mathews Douglas , White Adrienne A
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Families who cook, eat, and play together have been found to have more positive health outcomes. Interventions are needed that effectively increase these health-related behaviors. Technology is often incorporated in health-related interventions but is not always independently assessed.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to describe challenges and facilitators to incorporating technology into the iCook 4-H intervention program.

METHODS

Dyads (n=228) composed of children (mean 9.4, SD 0.7 years old) and an adult primary meal preparer (mean 39.0, SD 8 years) were randomly assigned to a control (n=77) or treatment group (n=151). All treatment group dyads participated in 6 in-person sessions designed to increase families cooking, eating, and playing together. We incorporated Web-based between-session technological components related to the curriculum content throughout the intervention. Assessments were completed by both groups at baseline and at 4, 12, and 24 months; they included measured anthropometrics for children, and online surveys about camera and website skill and use for dyads. Session leaders and participants completed open-ended process evaluations after each session about technological components. We computed chi-square analysis for sex differences in technological variables. We tested relationships between video posting frequency and outcomes of interest (cooking frequency, self-efficacy, and skills; dietary intake; and body mass index) with Spearman correlations. Process evaluations and open-ended survey responses were thematically analyzed for beneficial and inhibiting factors, including technological components in the curriculum.

RESULTS

Only 78.6% (81/103) of children and 68.3% (71/104) of adults reported always being comfortable accessing the internet postintervention. Boys reported being more comfortable than girls with technological tasks (P<.05). Children who posted more videos had a higher level of cooking skills at 4 months postintervention (r=.189, P=.05). Barriers to website usage reported most frequently by children were lack of accessibility, remembering, interactivity, motivation, time, and lack of parental encouragement.

CONCLUSIONS

Incorporating technological supports, such as cameras and websites, into children’s programs may help produce improved outcomes. Identifying barriers to and patterns of technology usage need to be considered when developing future child health promotion interventions.

CLINICALTRIAL

ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN54135351; https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN54135351
Facilitating The Informed Consent Process Using Teleconsent: A Study Protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Khairat Saif , Ottmar Paige , Smith Christina , Sleath Betsy , Welch Brandon , Qanungo Suparna , Nichols Michelle , Obeid Jihad
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Informed consent is among the biggest challenges in recruiting participants for clinical research studies. Researchers face many challenges in conducting clinical trials, some of which include budgetary restrictions, lack of trained personnel, and difficulty recruiting study participants--particularly minorities and participants from rural communities.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to utilize telemedicine to improve the informed consent process for the clinical trials and studies.

METHODS

This study will be conducted separately yet concurrently at two institutions, the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC), in order to compare results both within and across institutions.

RESULTS

Enrollment for Phase 1 began in March of 2018 and concluded in May 2018. Data transcription and analysis will be conducted through June and September of 2018.

CONCLUSIONS

In this paper, we present a novel approach to conducting the informed consent using a new telemedicine modality namely, teleconsent. Teleconsent presents the ability to conduct a live interaction among clinical research coordinators and potential participants while synchronously presenting the consent form on the screen and obtaining participant’s signature through doxy.me, the teleconsent system. The aim of this research is to assess the feasibility and efficacy of the teleconsent intervention among residents in urban and rural settings. Teleconsent provides potential to improve obtaining informed consent from potential clinical trial participants.
Use of Learning Analytics Data in Health Care–Related Educational Disciplines: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Chan Albert KM , Botelho Michael G , Lam Otto LT
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

While the application of learning analytics in tertiary education has received increasing attention in recent years, a much smaller number have explored its use in health care-related educational studies.

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review aims to examine the use of e-learning analytics data in health care studies with regards to how the analytics is reported and if there is a relationship between e-learning analytics and learning outcomes.

METHODS

We performed comprehensive searches of papers from 4 electronic databases (MEDLINE, EBSCOhost, Web of Science, and ERIC) to identify relevant papers. Qualitative studies were excluded from this review. Papers were screened by 2 independent reviewers. We selected qualified studies for further investigation.

RESULTS

A total of 537 papers were screened, and 19 papers were identified. With regards to analytics undertaken, 11 studies reported the number of connections and time spent on e-learning. Learning outcome measures were defined by summative final assessment marks or grades. In addition, significant statistical results of the relationships between e-learning usage and learning outcomes were reported in 12 of the identified papers. In general, students who engaged more in e-learning resources would get better academic attainments. However, 2 papers reported otherwise with better performing students consuming less e-learning videos. A total of 14 papers utilized satisfaction questionnaires for students, and all were positive in their attitude toward e-learning. Furthermore, 6 of 19 papers reported descriptive statistics only, with no statistical analysis.

CONCLUSIONS

The nature of e-learning activities reported in this review was varied and not detailed well. In addition, there appeared to be inadequate reporting of learning analytics data observed in over half of the selected papers with regards to definitions and lack of detailed information of what the analytic was recording. Although learning analytics data capture is popular, a lack of detail is apparent with regards to the capturing of meaningful and comparable data. In particular, most analytics record access to a management system or particular e-learning materials, which may not necessarily detail meaningful learning time or interaction. Hence, learning analytics data should be designed to record the time spent on learning and focus on key learning activities. Finally, recommendations are made for future studies.
An Intervention to Increase Condom Use Among Users of Chlamydia Self-Sampling Websites (Wrapped): Intervention Mapping and Think-Aloud Study (Preprint)
Authors: Newby Katie , Crutzen Rik , Brown Katherine , Bailey Julia , Saunders John , Szczepura Ala , Hunt Jonny , Alston Tim , Sadiq S Tariq , Das Satyajit
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Young people aged 16-24 years are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs). STIs can have serious health consequences for affected individuals and the estimated annual cost of treatment to the National Health Service is £620 million. Accordingly, the UK government has made reducing the rates of STIs among this group a priority. A missed opportunity to intervene to increase condom use is when young people obtain self-sampling kits for STIs via the internet.

OBJECTIVE

Our aim was to develop a theory-based tailored intervention to increase condom use for 16-24-years-olds accessing chlamydia self-sampling websites.

METHODS

The intervention, Wrapped, was developed using Intervention Mapping and was co-designed with young people. The following steps were performed: (1) identification of important determinants of condom use and evidence of their changeability using computer and digital interventions; (2) setting the intervention goal, performance objectives, and change objectives; (3) identification of Behavior Change Principles (BCPs) and practical strategies to target these determinants; and (4) development of intervention materials able to deliver the BCPs and practical strategies.

RESULTS

Users of existing chlamydia self-sampling websites are signposted to Wrapped after placing an order for a sampling kit. Salient barriers to condom use are identified by each user and relevant intervention components are allocated to target these. The components include the following: (1) a sample box of condoms, (2) an online condom distribution service, (3) a product for carrying condoms, (4) a condom demonstration video, (5) a series of videos on communication about condom use, and (6) erotic films of real couples discussing and demonstrating condom use.

CONCLUSIONS

This intervention will be directed at young people who may be particularly receptive to messages and support for behavior change due to their testing status.
Mobile Health Interventions: Exploring the Use of Common Relationship Factors (Preprint)
Authors: Grekin Emily R , Beatty Jessica R , Ondersma Steven J
Published: June 2018

UNSTRUCTURED

The use of mobile health (mHealth) interventions has risen dramatically over the past two decades. It is important to consider mHealth intervention research within the broader therapy outcome literature. Among other key findings, this broader literature suggests that common relationship factors such as empathy, positive regard, and genuineness may play a critical role in therapy effectiveness. These findings raise intriguing questions for mobile interventions. For example, can mobile interventions incorporate aspects of common factors to augment their efficacy? Will the absence of relationship-based common factors make mobile interventions less effective? This viewpoint paper addresses these questions as well as related issues such as how to operationalize relationship qualities in the context of a mobile intervention and whether common relationship factors apply to computers or computerized narrators. The paper concludes by outlining a future research agenda guided by theory and empirical studies.
Text Messaging to Enhance Mindfulness-Based Smoking Cessation Treatment: Program Development Through Qualitative Research (Preprint)
Authors: Spears Claire A , Bell Sharrill A , Scarlett Charlayne A , Anderson Natalie K , Cottrell-Daniels Cherell , Lotfalian Sadaf , Bandlamudi Maitreyi , Grant Amanda , Sigurdardottir Anna , Carter Brittani P , Abroms Lorien C , Wetter David W
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Mindfulness-based programs show promise for promoting smoking cessation in diverse populations. Mobile health strategies could increase treatment engagement and in-the-moment support, thus enhancing the effects of mindfulness-based smoking cessation interventions. However, most mobile health programs have been developed without sufficient input from the target population.

OBJECTIVE

By eliciting input from the target population, predominantly low socioeconomic status (SES) African American adult smokers, throughout the development of an SMS (short message service) text messaging program that teaches mindfulness for smoking cessation, we aimed for the resulting program to be optimally effective and consistent with participants’ needs and preferences.

METHODS

Two qualitative studies (N=25) were conducted with predominantly low SES, African American adult smokers. In Study 1 (initial qualitative input; n=15), participants engaged in focus groups to provide suggestions for program development. In Study 2 (abbreviated trial; n=10), participants received a 1-week version of the SMS text messaging program and provided feedback through in-depth interviews.

RESULTS

In Study 1, participants suggested that the SMS text messaging program should be personalized and interactive (ie, involve two-way messaging); provide strategies for coping with cravings and recovering from smoking lapses; involve relatively short, to-the-point messages; and include pictures. In Study 2, participants were highly engaged with the texts, indicated that the program was useful, and provided additional suggestions for improvement.

CONCLUSIONS

Eliciting feedback from the target population throughout the intervention development process allowed for iterative revisions to increase feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness. Overall, SMS text messaging appears to be a feasible, appealing way to provide in-the-moment personalized support and encourage mindfulness among low-income African American smokers.
Understanding Youths’ Ability to Interpret 3D-Printed Physical Activity Data and Identify Associated Intensity Levels: Mixed-Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Crossley Sam Graeme Morgan , McNarry Melitta Anne , Rosenberg Michael , Knowles Zoe R , Eslambolchilar Parisa , Mackintosh Kelly Alexandra
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

A significant proportion of youth in the United Kingdom fail to meet the recommended 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity every day. One of the major barriers encountered in achieving these physical activity recommendations is the perceived difficulty for youths to interpret physical activity intensity levels and apply them to everyday activities. Personalized physical activity feedback is an important method to educate youths about behaviors and associated outcomes. Recent advances in 3D printing have enabled novel ways of representing physical activity levels through personalized tangible feedback to enhance youths’ understanding of concepts and make data more available in the everyday physical environment rather than on screen.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this research was to elicit youths’ (children and adolescents) interpretations of two age-specific 3D models displaying physical activity and to assess their ability to appropriately align activities to the respective intensity.

METHODS

Twelve primary school children (9 boys; mean age 7.8 years; SD 0.4 years) and 12 secondary school adolescents (6 boys; mean age 14.1 years; SD 0.3 years) participated in individual semistructured interviews. Interview questions, in combination with two interactive tasks, focused on youths’ ability to correctly identify physical activity intensities and interpret an age-specific 3D model. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, content was analyzed, and outcomes were represented via tables and diagrammatic pen profiles.

RESULTS

Youths, irrespective of age, demonstrated a poor ability to define moderate-intensity activities. Moreover, children and adolescents demonstrated difficulty in correctly identifying light- and vigorous-intensity activities, respectively. Although youths were able to correctly interpret different components of the age-specific 3D models, children struggled to differentiate physical activity intensities represented in the models.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings support the potential use of age-specific 3D models of physical activity to enhance youths’ understanding of the recommended guidelines and associated intensities.
Elements of Trust in Digital Health Systems: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Adjekum Afua , Blasimme Alessandro , Vayena Effy
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Information and communication technologies have long become prominent components of health systems. Rapid advances in digital technologies and data science over the last few years are predicted to have a vast impact on health care services, configuring a paradigm shift into what is now commonly referred to as digital health. Forecasted to curb rising health costs as well as to improve health system efficiency and safety, digital health success heavily relies on trust from professional end users, administrators, and patients. Yet, what counts as the building blocks of trust in digital health systems has so far remained underexplored.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to analyze what relevant stakeholders consider as enablers and impediments of trust in digital health.

METHODS

We performed a scoping review to map out trust in digital health. To identify relevant digital health studies, we searched 5 electronic databases. Using keywords and Medical Subject Headings, we targeted all relevant studies and set no boundaries for publication year to allow a broad range of studies to be identified. The studies were screened by 2 reviewers after which a predefined data extraction strategy was employed and relevant themes documented.

RESULTS

Overall, 278 qualitative, quantitative, mixed-methods, and intervention studies in English, published between 1998 and 2017 and conducted in 40 countries were included in this review. Patients and health care professionals were the two most prominent stakeholders of trust in digital health; a third—health administrators—was substantially less prominent. Our analysis identified cross-cutting personal, institutional, and technological elements of trust that broadly cluster into 16 enablers (altruism, fair data access, ease of use, self-efficacy, sociodemographic factors, recommendation by other users, usefulness, customizable design features, interoperability, privacy, initial face-to-face contact, guidelines for standardized use, stakeholder engagement, improved communication, decreased workloads, and service provider reputation) and 10 impediments (excessive costs, limited accessibility, sociodemographic factors, fear of data exploitation, insufficient training, defective technology, poor information quality, inadequate publicity, time-consuming, and service provider reputation) to trust in digital health.

CONCLUSIONS

Trust in digital health technologies and services depends on the interplay of a complex set of enablers and impediments. This study is a contribution to ongoing efforts to understand what determines trust in digital health according to different stakeholders. Therefore, it offers valuable points of reference for the implementation of innovative digital health services. Building on insights from this study, actionable metrics can be developed to assess the trustworthiness of digital technologies in health care.
Finding related journals online on Google Maps: a bibliometric study based on PubMed�s service of locating similar articles (Preprint)
Authors: Chien Tsair-Wei , Wang Hsien-Yi , Chang Yu , Chou Willy
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Researchers often spend a great deal of time and effort retrieving related articles for their studies and submissions. Article authors often designate one article and then retrieve other articles that are related to the given one using PubMed’s service for finding similar articles. However, to date, none present the pattern seen in selecting related journals as similar to a given journal. Authors need one effective and efficient way to find similar journals to the designated journal selected for a study.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to (1) show the location of related journals for a given journal online using Google Maps; (2) to verify the change in those related journals, along with their respective impact factors; and (3) to inspect the features of network density indices among clusters separated by social network analysis (SNA).

METHODS

Using downloaded abstracts from the Medline library for the Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) published in 2007 and 2017, we plotted the clusters of related journals on Google Maps by using MS Excel modules, and we compared the features of network density indices. The Kendall coefficient (W) was used to assess the concordance of clusters across indices.

RESULTS

This study found that (1) the journals related to JMIR are easily presented on Google Maps; (2) no difference was found in the medians of impact factor on related journals between the years of 2007 and 2017 (3.01(2.62–3.40) and 2.55(2.29–2.82), respectively); and (3) All but the ratio indices in 2007 have a statistically significant concordance (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

SNA provides deep insight into the relationships of related journals to a given journal. The results of this research can provide readers with a knowledge and concept diagram to use with future submissions to a given journal in the subject category of medical informatics.
Early Detection of Adverse Drug Reactions in Social Health Networks: A Natural Language Processing Pipeline for Signal Detection (Preprint)
Authors: Nikfarjam Azadeh , Ransohoff Julia D , Callahan Alison , Jones Erik , Loew Brian , Kwong Bernice Y , Sarin Kavita Y , Shah Nigam H
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) occur in nearly all patients on chemotherapy, causing morbidity and therapy disruptions. Detection of such ADRs is limited in clinical trials, which are underpowered to detect rare events. Early recognition of ADRs in the postmarketing phase could substantially reduce morbidity and decrease societal costs. Internet community health forums provide a mechanism for individuals to discuss real-time health concerns and can enable computational detection of ADRs.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study is to identify cutaneous ADR signals in social health networks and compare the frequency and timing of these ADRs to clinical reports in the literature.

METHODS

We present a natural language processing-based, ADR signal-generation pipeline based on patient posts on Internet social health networks. We identified user posts from the Inspire health forums related to two chemotherapy classes: erlotinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor, and nivolumab and pembrolizumab, immune checkpoint inhibitors. We extracted mentions of ADRs from unstructured content of patient posts. We then performed population-level association analyses and time-to-detection analyses.

RESULTS

Our system detected cutaneous ADRs from patient reports with high precision (0.90) and at frequencies comparable to those documented in the literature but an average of 7 months ahead of their literature reporting. Known ADRs were associated with higher proportional reporting ratios compared to negative controls, demonstrating the robustness of our analyses. Our named entity recognition system achieved a 0.738 microaveraged F-measure in detecting ADR entities, not limited to cutaneous ADRs, in health forum posts. Additionally, we discovered the novel ADR of hypohidrosis reported by 23 patients in erlotinib-related posts; this ADR was absent from 15 years of literature on this medication and we recently reported the finding in a clinical oncology journal.

CONCLUSIONS

Several hundred million patients report health concerns in social health networks, yet this information is markedly underutilized for pharmacosurveillance. We demonstrated the ability of a natural language processing-based signal-generation pipeline to accurately detect patient reports of ADRs months in advance of literature reporting and the robustness of statistical analyses to validate system detections. Our findings suggest the important contributions that social health network data can play in contributing to more comprehensive and timely pharmacovigilance.
DESCARTE DE ÓLEO DE COZINHA NO MUNICIPIO DE FORMOSA DO OESTE: DIAGNÓSTICO E EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL EM ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Gimenes Pollyanna Santos , Rapchan Eliane Sebeika
Published: June 2018

A produção de soja é a principal cultura da agricultura brasileira, é realizada em grande escala, fazendo do Brasil o segundo maior produtor do mundo. O óleo de soja é largamente utilizado pelos brasileiros, entretanto o descarte incorreto pode trazer danos econômicos, além de danos ambientais como a contaminação de solo e água. O objetivo deste artigo é diagnosticar a forma de descarte do óleo de cozinha no município de Formosa do Oeste, Paraná, a fim de fornecer subsídios para a elaboração de um programa municipal de reciclagem de óleo. Para isso, um questionário com sete perguntas objetivas, foi aplicado às famílias de 62 alunos do 4ºano de uma escola de ensino fundamental. Posteriormente, os dados foram colocados em gráficos e analisados. Os resultados mostram que, embora a população pesquisada tenha apresentado índices baixos (35%) de reciclagem do produto e índices moderadamente altos (65%) de descarte incorreto, a maioria tem interesse tanto em reciclar (95%), e doar produto (90%). Embora os estudos precisem abordar uma parcela maior da população para serem mais conclusivos, pode-se inferir que a população descarta o óleo de maneira incorreta, mas possui interesse em realizar a disposição do resíduo no ambiente de forma correta e segura.
“Fantástica Fábrica de Leite”: Problematizando o Discurso de Apoio à Amamentação
Authors: Haberland Débora Fernanda , Scisleski Andrea Cristina Coelho
Published: June 2018

Os cuidados com a amamentação, seja durante o pré-natal ou pós-parto, são foco de discursos das políticas direcionadas à mulher e fazem parte dos cuidados médicos e sociais, conforme orientação do Ministério da Saúde, tendo como principal justificativa a diminuição da morbidade e da mortalidade materna e infantil. Este artigo busca problematizar as políticas de apoio à mulher durante o ciclo gravídico puerperal no contexto de uma instituição filantrópica que oferece o serviço de assistência pré-natal. Para realizar o estudo, optou-se pela pesquisa-intervenção, sendo realizadas oficinas, previamente agendados com as gestantes. Nas discussões com as participantes, apontamos as falas trazidas por essas mulheres sobre como se sentiam e os discursos dos profissionais de saúde conforme relatados por elas. Para análise, embasamo-nos nas reflexões Foucaultianas para debater como o discurso apresentado pelas gestantes se conecta às políticas públicas a elas dirigidas neste momento e como delas se distancia. Conclui-se que os discursos atuam gerando determinados modelos relacionados ao aleitamento materno e à função como mãe. O controle do corpo, a influência da mídia e o julgamento social atravessam as práticas de atendimento das gestantes e produzem referência de como devem ser mães.
Saúde Mental na Atenção Básica: Dividir ou Somar Apoios Matriciais? / Mental Health in Primary Health Care: Should Matrix Support Be Added or Split?
Authors: Penido Cláudia Maria Filgueiras , De Castro Breno Pedercini , Coimbra Janete Dos Reis , Baker Vânia Dolher de Santa Inêz Souza , Franco Renato Ferreira
Published: June 2018

Com o presente ensaio pretende-se discutir a relação entre as Equipes de Saúde Mental (EqSMs) e os Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASFs) para o cuidado em saúde mental na Atenção Básica (AB) de Belo Horizonte/MG. A discussão se baseia na recuperação de fragmentos históricos da implementação das ações em saúde mental no município e na experiência dos autores. São evidenciados impasses e desafios relacionados à manutenção das EqSMs, lotadas na AB mesmo depois da implantação dos NASFs, o que caracteriza exceção no cenário nacional. A existência de psicólogos em ambas as equipes colabora para a existência de conflitos quanto à divisão de clientela, o que pode resultar em encaminhamento entre elas e em dificuldade de acesso aos cuidados em saúde mental. É indicada a necessidade de diálogo entre essas diferentes estratégias matriciais, reforçando que a discussão dos processos de trabalho é prevista no próprio método de apoio. Palavras-chave: Saúde Mental; Atenção Primária à Saúde; Apoio Matricial; Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família.
Improving network lifetime by minimizing energy hole problem in WSN for the application of IoT
Authors: Behera Trupti , Mohapatra Sushanta
Published: June 2018

The world today is at the Internet of Things (IoT) inflection point with more
number of products adding to its intelligence system through a wide range of
connectivity. Wireless sensor Networks (WSN) have been very useful in IoT
application for gathering and processing of data to the end user. However,
limited battery power and network lifetime are few of the major challenges in
the designing process of any sensor network. One of those is the Energy Hole
Problem (EHP) that arises when the nodes nearer to the sink or base station
die out early due to excess load as compared to other nodes that are far
away. This breaks the connection of the network from the sink which results
in shortening the lifetime of the network. In this paper, a trade-off is
maintained between network lifetime and power requirement by implementing a
sleep-awake mechanism. With the help of MATLAB simulations, it is found that
after applying the mechanism, the network lifetime was extended to almost 300
and 700 rounds for TEEN and LEACH protocol respectively. The results will be
beneficial for the design process in WSN for IoT application.
Mid-regional pro-adrenomedulin as a marker of perioperative mortality in non-cardiac surgery
Authors: Golubovic Mladjan , Stanojevic Dragana , Jovanovic Nenad , Lazarevic Milan , Peric Velimir , Milic Dragan , Unic-Stojanovic Dragana , Markovic Dejan , Stosic Biljana , Stepanovic Nemanja , Jankovic Radmilo
Published: June 2018

nema
Target Setting in Multi-Divisional Firms: State of the Art and Avenues for Future Research
Authors: Feichter Christoph , Grabner Isabella , Moers Frank
Published: June 2018

This study provides descriptive evidence on target-setting policies in multi-divisional firms. Despite the importance of performance targets in practice, research mainly focuses on a few key areas in target setting, neglecting many other important aspects of target setting in organizations. Hence, relatively little is known about how performance targets are actually set, especially within multi-divisional firms. We perform in-depth interviews with managers responsible for target setting in multi-divisional firms. Using this interview information, we develop specific research questions that we examine in a survey among large U.S. and European multi-divisional firms. Broadly speaking, the survey results provide evidence that firms commit substantial time and resources to the target-setting process, indicating that they place a high strategic importance on this process. However, we also find that they are not very effective in reaching the goals of the target-setting process. Most importantly, we find a large variation in target-setting policies across firms. We exploit this variation to identify future research directions to guide examination of the diverse decisions managers encounter in the field of target setting.
Target Setting in Multi-Divisional Organizations
Authors: Matějka Michal
Published: June 2018

The target-setting literature has primarily focused on motivation issues in relatively simple single-task settings. I argue that performance targets also play an important role in addressing other issues such as multi-tasking, information asymmetry, retention, rent extraction, commitment, and coordination in multi-agent settings. Broadening the scope of the literature can help reconcile the theory and empirical evidence on how organizations set and revise performance targets. Moreover, a broader scope can help motivate emerging work on target-setting choices such as the number of targets for each performance dimension, concavity or convexity of target-based contracts, relative target difficulty for different performance dimensions, and coordination and disclosure of targets in multi-agent settings.
Study on the crystallization mechanism of amorphous Ge2Sb2Te5 thin films induced by a short single pulsed laser
Authors: Li W. Q. , Liu F. R.
Published: June 2018

The crystallization mechanism in an amorphous Ge2Sb2Te5 (a-GST) thin film induced by a single pulsed laser was investigated in this paper. The finite element simulation and x-ray diffraction analysis showed that two kinds of crystallization mechanisms performed for the laser-induced phase transition of a-GST, that is, the solid-state phase transition took place at a lower laser fluence while the liquid–solid phase transition occurred at a relatively high laser fluence. Transmission electron microscopy observations showed that the microstructure in the liquid–solid phase transition was more uniform as compared to that in the solid-state phase transition because of poor atom diffusion. Crystallization characteristics at different laser fluences and film thickness were elucidated. It was found that at a lower laser fluence a thinner film had the better crystallinity owing to thermal convection, while at a higher laser fluence a thicker film showed the better crystallinity due to the release of latent heat in the liquid–solid phase transition. These findings enable a deep understanding of ultra-fast phase transition induced by laser irradiation.
Effect of milk proteins aggregation using Transglutaminase and Maillard reaction on Ca2+ milk gel
Authors: Alfayadh Hassan Mahdi , Hamk Mohammed Latif , Ibrahim Kocher Jamal , Al-Saadi Jasim Mohammed
Published: June 2018

Effect of transglutaminase, Maillard reaction induced crosslinking and the combination of transglutaminase and Maillard reaction induced crosslinking between whey proteins and caseins in milk on calcium milk gel properties were investigated. Treatment of milk with transglutaminase, Maillard reaction, and transglutaminase + Maillard reaction cause to the appearance of new high MW protein bands.  Water holding capacity, gel strength and sensory scores of gel samples increased and spontaneous whey separation decreased in calcium-induced milk gel made from transglutaminase and combination of transglutaminase and Maillard reaction treated milk compare with calcium-induced milk gel made from untreated milk alone.
The Influence of Problem Based Learning Model and Learning Motivation to Expository Writing Text Ability of Students Grade VII MTsN 1 Bukittinggi
Authors: Yendrawaty Yendrawaty
Published: June 2018

This research aimed to describe the influence of Problem Based Learning Model and Learning Motivation to Expository Text Writing Skills of Students Grade VII MTsN Bukittinggi. The type of research is quasi experiment and the design used is factorial design 2x2. Sampling is done by purposive sampling. Data analysis and discussion were conducted through descriptive-analysis. The analysis results of data were as follows. First, writing expository text taught using the Problem Based Learning model is better than students taught by conventional learning models. Second, Second, writing the expositional text of students who have high learning motivation taught by using Problem Based Learning model is better than those taught with conventional learning model. Third, writing the expositional text of students who have low learning motivation taught by using Problem Based Learning model is better than those taught with conventional learning model. Fourthly, there is no interaction between learning motivation and the learning model in influencing the ability to write expository text of students. In the next description, PBL is used for Problem Based Learning.
A Lexicon-Based Approach to Build Reputation from Social Media
Authors: Al-Hussaini Haifa Abdulaziz , Al-Dossari Hmood
Published: June 2018

Nowadays, many social media platforms are widely used to express people’s opinions about their daily experiences and interests. These platforms encourage people to exchange and share information about a particular brand, company or even a political point of view. Consequently, huge amount of data which can be extracted and analyzed to obtain some useful knowledge are available. In this paper, we propose to build a reputation of a given service provider (i.e. brand, product or service) from the collected social media data. To do so, we have developed a lexicon as a basic component for sentiment polarity in Arabic idioms. That is, the lexicon is used to classify words extracted from “Tweets” into either a positive or negative word. We use beta probability density functions to combine feedback from the lexicon to derive reputation scores. The experimental results show that our proposed approach is consistent with sentiment analysis approach results.
Use of geographic information systems to choose the safest burial sites of hazardous waste in Medinah
Authors: Al-Rehaily Ohood Ayid
Published: June 2018

This Study aims at utilizing GIS as a technique to assess the location of the burial-General، to choose the new sites and to determine the viability of the territory of the Medina to establish a landfill of hazardous wastes and to produce a digital map of the best and safe burial sites relying on a set of standards developed based on the principles of the Basel Convention's global select design and operation of landfills hazardous wastes، in the severe drought areas. By using the available data of the study area and the technology tools of GIS and remote sensing، the required standards were set out. They were converted them into maps representing the most important criteria of geological and geomorphology, social, economic and environmental considerations and standards of public acceptance that have been processed using the tools of spatial analysis and statistical base. A digital database has hence become available allowing a cartography suitability model to be introduced، optimal locations for the safe landfill of hazardous wastes to be identified. The study concluded that only 2% of the Medinah lands is optimal for future landfills of hazardous wastes according to standards of Basel World. By using Cartographic model، the study concluded that there are three sites suitable for safe landfill of hazardous waste, enabling responsible bodies to formulate engineering guidelines that would allow the burial processes to take place without inflicting damages to environmental، natural or human resources in the area.
Continuous Assessment Skills used by Arabic Language Female Teachers of Basic Education in Oman
Authors: Ali Alyafei Ibtisam Abdullah
Published: June 2018

The study aims at identifying learners' continuous assessment skills required by female Arabic language teachers in the first cycle of basic education in Oman. It also aims at determining the level of mastery of these skills by female Arabic language teachers in the first cycle of basic education, in order to propose a training programme that would help Arabic language teachers to acquire these skills while they are still in service. The researcher designed a self-assessment scale that can be used by Arabic language teachers in the first cycle of basic education in Oman. The scale was validated by being refereed by 12 arbitrators and applied to an exploratory sample of teachers. The research sample consisted of 54 female Arabic language teachers in the first cycle of basic education in Oman working in the Governorate of Dhofar, Sultanate of Oman. The nine supervisors applied the memorandum to them. The study findings reveal that there is low performance in a number of skills. Parents are not contacted before the beginning of the school year to inform them of the proposed plan to improve the level of the student, keeping a record of discussion refers to the ideas of students, and apply a short test after each unit. The study recommended the need to train Arabic language teachers in the first stage of basic education in the skills of continuous assessment, as well as to benefit from the proposed training program. Establish a system of integrated training programs that help develop continuous evaluation and draw attention to the basis of the main issue built by the interaction portfolio Between the parties to the educational system.
Social and Psychological Problems of Children of Unknown Parentage in Foster Families in the Governorate of Muscat, Oman
Authors: Alqalhati Balqis Abdullah , Osman Osman Sofy , Elsherbiny Mohamed Mohamed
Published: June 2018

The aim of this paper is to define social and psychological problems faced by unknown parentage in foster families in the Governorate of Muscat. It is a descriptive study using comprehensive survey method for children between 12 and 18 years of unknown parentage in foster families in the Governorate of Muscat. Data was collected using questionnaire, and analysis yielded a number of findings. The most important of which is that problems did not appear largely due to the efforts of families in taking care of children. This is because most of the children do not know about their real social situation as the vast majority of foster families do not communicate this to them. However, there are some problems such as some children inability to cope with others. Accordingly, the study proposes some recommendations based on the findings of this study. This includes a recommendation to raise the level of care provided to children, making use of media and civil society organizations to promote the idea of fostering, and create some kind of cooperation and interaction among governmental organizations to accommodate this category of children.