bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can offshore wind energy lead to a sustainable and secure South China Sea?
Authors: Sajith Shambhu , Aswani RS , Bhat Mohammad Younus , Kumar Anil , Dhingra Tarun
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine the potential for improving regional cooperation and clean energy generation in the South China Sea (SCS) through Offshore Wind Energy (OWE). The literature review depicts the broad relationship between renewable energy and regional cooperation. The study identifies three variables-great game of geopolitics, geo-economics, and NEO politics- to arrive at a concept of wind-blindness. It refers to the attempt (of the countries involved) to downplay the existing wind resources and avert attention from them to safeguard the region's strategic military importance, existing trade routes, and rich availability of marine resources. Addressing these concerns could strengthen cooperation between the claimant states for technology, knowledge, and practice sharing, to ensure a sustainable South China Sea region. China's investments in OWE in the South China Sea have the potential to meet the Sustainable Development Goals” target of cleaner, accessible, and affordable energy. Finally, the paper suggests that renewable energy development in the region can reduce the maritime transport of fossil fuels, reducing the carbon footprint.
A retrospective case series of prophylactic neurectomy during total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Guier Christian G , Shi Glenn G , Clendenen Steven R , Heckman Michael G , Chase Lori A , Wilke Benjamin K
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Total knee arthroplasty is a common operation performed to relieve pain and restore functional activity. While overall widely successful, a subset of patients has continued pain postoperatively with no identifiable cause. Neuroma formation has been identified as a possible contributor to this unexplained pain, often necessitating an additional procedure for neuroma removal. The purpose of our study was to evaluate if prophylactic neurectomy could reduce the occurrence of postoperative pain.

Methods

A total of 112 patients were compared, 44 control patients and 68 neurectomy patients. Demographic information, Numerical rating pain scale (NRS) and Knee Society Scores (KSS) were collected pre- and post-operatively. Patients were additional asked if they were overall satisfied with the operation.

Results

There were no differences between groups with respect to age (Median: 71 vs 69 years, p = 0.28), male sex (41% vs 44%, p = 0.85), or body mass index (Median: 32.2 vs 31.3, p = 0.80). When comparing the degree of change following surgery there were no statistically significant differences observed in NRS pain scores (Median change: −7 vs −6, p = 0.89) or KSS scores (Median change: +44 vs +40, p = 0.14). Similarly, there was no statistically significant difference in overall patient-reported satisfaction with the knee replacement (82.5% vs 86.6%, p = 0.59).

Conclusion

We did not find a statistically significant difference in NRS, KSS, or overall patient satisfaction between the prophylactic neurectomy and control patient groups. Larger studies with evaluation of the nerve diameter will be needed to determine which patients are at risk for symptomatic neuroma development following total knee arthroplasty.
Promoting Social Visibility for Single-Father Families Created by Surrogacy
Authors: Pereira Henrique , Beatriz Colleen
Published: September 2022

The phenomenon of single-father families created by surrogacy is a social event that lacks visibility. The dominant thinking regarding parenting is framed by heteronormativity, which establishes couplehood of different sexes as the acceptable and biologically grounded way to reproduce and raise children, leading to the lack of visibility of single men who want to be or are already fathers. For these men, there are two main possible paths: adoption or surrogacy. In this occasional essay, we will discuss the importance of creating social visibility for single men who want to become or are already fathers through surrogacy to provide enlightening information about the phenomenon, creating positive models for single gay or straight men who choose this method to fulfill their parenting ambitions. We will begin by establishing some introductory social considerations, followed by some explanations for why single men wish to pursue surrogacy and their experiences. We then provide research results from the field and respective conclusions. We argue that creating social visibility for single parents through surrogacy is a form of social change that could facilitate the deconstruction of traditionalist views of the concept of family.
A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Analysis of Speech, Hearing, and Feeding in YouTube Videos: A Brief Communication
Authors: Bellon-Harn Monica L. , Ponce Jaycie , Hancock Rebecca
Published: September 2022

Objective

Healthcare information on YouTube is often inaccurate or insufficient. However, parents turn to social media for answers about their children's health conditions. Understanding the nature of content in specified scope of practice areas can help professionals clarify misinformation or utilize quality YouTube content in clinical context. This research examined: (1) meta-data and upload source; (2) understandability and actionability; and (3) content quality and clinical utility of YouTube videos related to speech, hearing, and feeding with children with cleft lip and palate (CLP).

Design

A cross-sectional design was used.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Videos related to speech, hearing, and feeding with children with CLP were obtained. Meta-data and upload source were identified. The Patient Education Material Assessment Tool-AudioVisual (PEMAT-AV) was used to assess understandability and actionability. The DISCERN instrument was used to evaluate content quality. Responses to open-ended questions were used to evaluate clinical utility.

Results

Of 652 videos reviewed for potential inclusion, only 33 met the inclusion criteria. Of those, only 17 met adequate levels of both understandability and actionability. Results of DISCERN indicated that the videos were of fair quality. Analysis of clinical utility indicated that none of the videos should be used as stand-alone parent education materials.

Conclusions

Videos pertaining to speech, hearing and feeding issues are not viewed as frequently as videos addressing other areas of CLP. Our findings are consistent with previous reports that the videos related to CLP may be limited in their clinical utility. Professionals are needed to interpret the offerings and guide families to appropriate videos.
Demonstrating the Reliability and Validity of the Self-Appraisal Questionnaire for Assessing Violent and Nonviolent Recidivism with Female Offenders in South Africa
Authors: Hesselink Anni , Prinsloo Johan
Published: September 2022

Explanations regarding the involvement of females in crime, justice, and punishment in South Africa are primarily based on the experiences of male offenders with little knowledge about the criminogenic offender assessment of female offenders. The Self-Appraisal Questionnaire (SAQ) is an actuarial measure designed for the identification of offenders’ static and dynamic risk factors and criminogenic needs that may increase or diminish their risk upon release. This study involves a sample of 284 female offenders incarcerated in three inter-provincial correctional centers in South Africa. The goal of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the SAQ in relation to its reliability, validity, and potential use as part of the criminogenic assessment of female offenders, within the multicultural South African context. Research results indicated that the SAQ is reliable and valid to use with South African offenders.
Erotic Ethnography: Sex, Spirituality, and Embodiment in Qualitative Research
Authors: Adjepong Anima
Published: September 2022

Qualitative methods training in sociology often warns of the dangers of sex in fieldwork and discounts the power of the erotic for knowledge production. This essay makes a case for a deeper engagement with the erotic in qualitative research. The erotic is an ineffable energy that connects us to one another on a sensual, spiritual, and political plane. Despite its scope, the erotic is typically reduced to sexual intimacy. This limitation maintains the idea that all erotic encounters during ethnographic research are sexual and potentially harmful, discounting the possibilities of pleasure and mutual exchange. Through a meditation on key eroticized moments from ethnographic research for various projects, the author examines how an embrace of erotic ethnography can produce more ethical, mindful, and human-centered approaches to doing qualitative research. A deeper engagement with the erotic creates greater opportunity for mutual exchange and reduces instances of exploitation and extraction during ethnographic research.
“Karenism” and the Problem of White Women: Reflections on Quotidian Forms of White Vigilantism in the Classroom
Authors: Grajeda Erika D.
Published: September 2022

Following emerging sociological critiques of hegemonic femininities and calls for embodied research that troubles long standing assumptions about academia as a “safe haven,” this essay provides critical reflections on quotidian forms of gendered racism and vigilantism in the classroom. Specifically, I draw on undergraduate student engagement with “Cat Person,” a short story about a “bad date” that was published in the New Yorker in 2017 and is now considered essential reading for the #MeToo era. By bringing pop culture artifacts and autoethnographic reflections into conversation with what philosopher Barbara Applebaum refers to as the “pedagogical practice of comforting discomfort,” I examine forms of Karenism that emerge in higher education classrooms, particularly for women of color faculty. I argue that in an institutional context where class-privileged white women most readily access narratives about violability and fragility, they are better positioned to summon pedagogical forms of comforting and care.
Reliability and Validity of the Self-Report Version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Authors: Patel Tapan A. , Summers Berta J. , Wilver Natalie L. , Cougle Jesse R.
Published: September 2022

Despite its frequent use in research studies, the self-report version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD-YBOCS-SR) is yet to be formally validated. The present investigation sought to examine the psychometric properties of the BDD-YBOCS-SR across three different samples. In Study 1 ( N = 847), we sought to explore the factor structure of the BDD-YBOCS-SR. In addition, we evaluated the convergent and divergent validity with similar self-report measures. In Study 2 ( N = 187), the convergence of the BDD-YBOCS-SR with reactivity to an in vivo appearance-related task was observed. In Study 3, we compared scores on the BDD-YBOCS-SR between a clinical sample of individuals with BDD ( n = 50) and a “healthy” control sample ( n = 51). We further observed the BDD-YBOCS-SR’s sensitivity to treatment and convergence with the rater-administered version in the clinical sample. The BDD-YBOCS-SR demonstrated strong psychometric properties across all three studies. Scores on the BDD-YBOCS-SR were found to be strongly associated with appearance anxiety, reactivity to the appearance task, and the rater-administered BDD-YBOCS. The present investigation provides support for the BDD-YBOCS-SR’s utility in measuring body dysmorphic symptom severity for use in research and clinical settings.
Exploring the Role of Community Social Capital in Not-for-profit Hospitals’ Decision to Engage Community Partners in the Community Health Needs Assessment Process
Authors: Puro Neeraj , Cronin Cory E. , Franz Berkeley , Singh Simone
Published: September 2022

Not-for-profit hospitals (NFPs) frequently partner with community organizations to conduct internal revenue service-mandated community health needs assessment (CHNA), yet little is known about the number of partnerships that hospitals enter into for this purpose. This article uses “American Hospital Associations’ 2020 Annual Survey” data to examine hospital-community partnerships around the CHNA and the role that community social capital defined as, “the networks that cross various professional, political and social boundaries to reflect community level trust needed to pursue shared objectives” plays in hospitals’ choices to partner with community organizations for the CHNA. After controlling for a set of hospital, community, and state characteristics, we found that hospitals present in communities with higher social capital were likely to partner with more community organizations to conduct CHNA. Greater social capital may thus promote community health by facilitating the partnerships NFPs develop with community organizations to conduct the CHNA.
Betweener: A Bricolage Poem
Authors: Sutton Timothy Matthew Lee
Published: September 2022

Inspired by Diversi & Moreira’s Betweener Talk and Betweener Autoethnographies, I employ poetic inquiry to sketch a nonessentialist position for research in the spaces between. My poetry is archival and it is poem-ish. Using repetition, I attempt to break through binary thinking, while simultaneously illustrating the difficulty in doing so. I seek possibility and potential in the twilit space of both/and rather than either/or. In-between spaces can be precarious, a source of uncertainty and fear, yet hope can also be found there.
Bionic inspired honeycomb structures and multi-objective optimization for variable graded layers
Authors: Niu Xiaoqiang , Xu Fengxiang , Zou Zhen
Published: September 2022

Bionic and gradient designs offer promising applications in honeycomb structures. The intersection unit of the beetle elytra is extracted as to enhance regular hexagonal honeycomb (RHH), and several bionic honeycombs are proposed. Finite element (FE) modeling approach is verified through formulae and experiments. Curves of force and displacement of bionic honeycombs present two prominent stages under medium- and low-speed impacts in plateau stage, and several bionic honeycombs exhibit a zero or negative Poisson’s ratio. The specific energy absorption (SEA) of INT_6, whose crashworthiness is best in bionic honeycombs. A gradient design of INT_6 is implemented to further increase its crashworthiness. Multi-objective optimization design (MOD), which aims to simultaneously increase the SEA and reduce the peak crushing force, is adopted to determine the optimal parameters of each layer of graded INT_6. The SEA of the optimized graded INT_6 increase 142%, and its peak crushing force decrease by 25.4% compared with those of the INT_6.
Determination of Factors Affecting Time in Therapeutic Range in Patients on Warfarin Therapy
Authors: Turen Sevda , Turen Selahattin
Published: September 2022

Background

The effectiveness and safety of warfarin depend on maintaining an international normalized ratio (INR) within the therapeutic range. Time in Therapeutic Range (TTR) is defined as the percentage of time a patient’s INR is within the therapeutic range.

Objective

We sought to determine the factors affecting good TTR in patients on warfarin therapy.

Methods

This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in a single tertiary care center. Good anticoagulation control was defined as TTR ≥65%.

Results

The study population consisted of 518 patients. The mean age was 57.6 ± 12.3 (19–87) and 54.4% of the patients were female. 47.5% patients achieved good anticoagulation control (TTR ≥65%). The mean Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS) score was significantly higher in patients with good TTR (23.5 ± 1.9 vs. 22.8 ± 2.1, p = .002). Only 40.2% of the patients received education on warfarin. In multivariable analyses, the duration of warfarin therapy >10 years (OR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.34–3.84, p = .002) and MARS score (OR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.09–1.35, p < .001) were found to be the independent predictors of the good anticoagulation control.

Conclusion

Duration of warfarin therapy >10 years and MARS score were the independent predictors of good anticoagulation control.
Exercise guide to help on arteriovenous fistula maturation and maintenance
Authors: Ribeiro Heitor S , Duarte Marvery P , Andrade Francini P , Sousa Michelle R , Baiao Victor M , Monteiro Jacqueline S , Ferreira Aparecido P
Published: September 2022

Background:

The arteriovenous fistula is the main vascular access in hemodialysis. Arteriovenous fistula access is generally evaluated by a vascular surgeon after 2 weeks of its surgery, however, exercise programs may begin earlier for improving outcomes. Therefore, we propose this guide with simple, but potentially effective exercises, using low-cost materials that can be safely performed by the patients at home or in the dialysis center. It also provides to the dialysis staff team a starting point for implementing an upper-limb exercise program that may facilitate arteriovenous fistula maturation and maintenance.

Methods:

This exercise routine for arteriovenous fistula maturation can be performed three to four times a day, every day, from 2 to 4 weeks. After its maturation, it can be performed on every non-dialysis day for conventional treatment and every other day, before dialysis, for short daily treatment.

Conclusions:

Based on the available evidence, we have gathered some exercises, in a very easy and understandable language, that may potentially help arteriovenous fistula maturation and maintenance for hemodialysis patients.
A new pressure-based device for tip navigation and tip location during central venous catheterization: A prospective clinical study on a cohort of 136 adult patients
Authors: D’Arrigo Sonia , Emoli Alessandro , Marche Bruno , Pittiruti Mauro
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

According to current guidelines, tip location of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) should be verified during insertion, preferably using non-invasive methods such as intracavitary ECG (IC-ECG) or echocardiography. An interesting new option is represented by a new pressure-based device, the CatFinder System (CFS), which might be theoretically useful also for tip navigation.

Methods:

We planned a single-center, prospective, non-randomized trial on adult patients requiring PICC insertion, using simultaneously CFS and IC-ECG, with the purpose of verifying the applicability, feasibility, safety, and accuracy of CFS for intra-procedural tip location. Patients with known ECG abnormalities or cardiac diseases of any type were excluded. The ability of CFS to assess wrong directions of the catheter during insertion (tip navigation) was evaluated by comparison with ultrasound scan.

Results:

Out of 136 enrolled adult patients, CFS was found to be applicable in 131 cases (five cases were excluded because of ECG abnormalities) and feasible in 111 cases (in 20 cases, tip location by CFS could not be carried out because of technical issues). There were no complications directly or indirectly related to the CFS maneuvers. Using IC-ECG as a comparison, 87 tips placed by CFS were within 2 cm from the target, 17 were >2 cm from target. In seven cases, CFS was able to detect a wrong direction (to the ipsilateral internal jugular vein), as confirmed by ultrasound.

Conclusion:

Applicability of CFS in patients with sinus rhythm was 96.3%, feasibility was 84.7%, and safety was 100%. If compared to IC-ECG, accuracy was 83.6% (accepting an error <2 cm) and 96.1% (for an error <3 cm). Unacceptable tip positions (>3 cm) were 3.8% (the tip was too high inside the SVC). This study confirms a possible future role of CFS for intra-procedural tip location and tip navigation, though its use cannot be currently recommended.
Data Protection in Sociological Health Research: A Critical Narrative about the Challenges of a New Regulatory Landscape
Authors: Raposo Hélder , Melo Sara , Egreja Catarina
Published: September 2022

The recent implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) establishes a set of formal requirements that reinforce personal data protection, namely, those concerning the collection, treatment, and dissemination of data on research participants. With the application of this new legal provision at the European level, new types of restrictions are emerging, whose nature and reach intensify the tension between demands for privacy and scientific freedom in research. In this article, we take as a reference an ongoing research taking place in Portugal, in the field of Sociology of Health, concerning the consumption of medicines by professionals exposed to high-performance pressure. Our main objective is to identify and analyse the implications of regulatory challenges faced in the research process and how the researchers managed and overcame them. We present a critical narrative that sheds light on the nature of the choices taken while also assessing the practical implications for the operationalisation of the research. We conclude by noting that, despite the benefits that may flow from the application of GDPR, the new requirements regarding the protection of personal data may override the ethical principles of scientific research and strengthen regulatory restrictions on conducting research. In the research concerned, the significant practical implications were indirect access to participants, a more time-consuming process in terms of participant adherence and a temporal discrepancy between the different stages of recruitment.
Why local concepts matter: Using cultural expressions of distress to explore the construct validity of research instruments to measure mental health problems among Congolese women in Nyarugusu refugee camp
Authors: Greene M. Claire , Ventevogel Peter , Likindikoki Samuel L. , Bonz Annie G. , Turner Rachael , Rees Susan , Misinzo Lusia , Njau Tasiana , Mbwambo Jessie K. K. , Tol Wietse A.
Published: September 2022

There is considerable variation in the presentation of mental health problems across cultural contexts. Most screening and assessment tools do not capture local idioms and culturally specific presentations of distress, thus introducing measurement error and overlooking meaningful variation in mental health. Before applying screening and assessment tools in a particular context, a qualitative exploration of locally salient idioms and expression of distress can help assess whether existing measures are appropriate in a specific context as well as what adaptations may improve their construct validity. We aimed to employ a mixed-methods approach to describe and measure cultural concepts of distress among female Congolese survivors of intimate partner violence in Nyarugusu refugee camp, Tanzania. This sequential study used data from 55 qualitative (free-listing and in-depth) interviews followed by 311 quantitative interviews that included assessments of symptoms of common mental disorder to explore whether the symptom constellations were consistent across these methodologies. Results from thematic analysis of qualitative data and exploratory factor analysis of quantitative data converged on three concepts of distress: huzuni (deep sadness), msongo wa mawazo (stress, too many thoughts), and hofu (fear). The psychometric properties of these constructs were comparable to those of the three original common mental disorders measured by the quantitative symptom assessment tools—anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder—adding weight to the appropriateness of using these tools in this specific setting. This mixed-methods approach presents an innovative additional method for assessing the local “cultural fit” of globally used tools for measuring mental health in cross-cultural research.
Practical optimal design method for multi-outrigger building structures under inter-story drift constraints
Authors: Sun Fei-fei , Yu Ru-jun , Jia Rui-zi
Published: September 2022

This study proposes a practical optimal design method (PODM) for high-rise multi-outrigger structures subjected to inter-story drift constraints based on the optimality criteria method. The problem is solved through two-step calculations, which avoids time-consuming iterations owing to internal-force redistribution caused by member-section modifications, multiple inter-story drift constraints and multiple outriggers. Three parameters, namely the target virtual strain energy density (VSED), section-correction factor, and structural magnification factor, are established to relate the member-section sizes to the structural inter-story drift. The influence of internal-force redistribution is considered by adjusting the target VSED and section-correction factor based on the first trial calculation results to ensure precision. The multiple local inter-story drift constraints are converted to the unforced inter-story drift constraint, whereas the optimal design problem of the structures with multiple outriggers is solved by transforming it into the optimal design problem of the key module with the strictest demand by introducing the most critical constraint criteria. Finally, the effectiveness and accuracy of the PODM are validated using a 56-story structure and 50-story seven-bay framework.
What influences the purchase intention of online travel consumers?
Authors: Tam Carlos , Pereira Francisca Caetano , Oliveira Tiago
Published: September 2022

Despite its increase in recent years, e-commerce is far from surpassing traditional trade, and the online purchase of travel arrangements is no exception. Using an integrated model founded in theory about consumers’ attitude and behaviour, we studied the behaviour intention of online purchasers of travel services, based on an online questionnaire and the responses of 251 respondents. The results indicate that loading time, security, and visual appeal have a positive influence on website quality and suggest that website quality, trust, and brand image explain behaviour intention. The mediation, moderation, and direct effect are studied, offering insights and both theoretical and practical implications.
Peer support for people living with rare or young onset dementia: An integrative review
Authors: Sullivan Mary Pat , Williams Veronika , Grillo Adetola , McKee-Jackson Roberta , Camic Paul M , Windle Gill , Stott Joshua , Brotherhood Emily , Crutch Sebastian J ,   on behalf of the Rare Dementia Support (RDS) research team
Published: September 2022

Objectives

The aim of this integrative review was to identify and synthesize the literature on peer support interventions for people living with or caring for someone with a rare or young onset dementia.

Design

A literature search of articles was performed using the Nipissing University Primo search system, a central index that enables simultaneous searches across databases which included MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Sociological Abstracts, Cochrane Library.

Results

The eleven papers that met the inclusion criteria spanned eighteen years and from five countries. Studies reported on peer support programs that were either hospital-based (n = 6) or community-based (n = 4), and were predominantly led by disciplines in the health sciences. Only one study did not involve delivering services. There was a range of methodological quality within the studies included in the review. Further analysis and synthesis led to the identification of three overarching peer support themes. These included: (1) peers as necessarily part of social support interventions; (2) a theoretical portmanteau; and (3) dementia spaces and relationality.

Conclusion

Consistent with a much larger body of work examining peer involvement in social interventions, this review reinforced the valuable contribution of peers. A full understanding of the mechanisms of change was not achieved. Notwithstanding, the issue of studies neglecting to sufficiently conceptualize and describe interventions is an important one – drawing attention to the need to continue to explore varied delivery, including co-produced models, and more effective evaluation strategies to inform the dementia care sector.
Acoustic energy balances for sound radiated from duct exit with mean flow
Authors: Rienstra Sjoerd W
Published: September 2022

An old model problem for the exchange of energy between sound field and mean flow by vortex shedding has been worked out in numerical detail. The analytically exact solution of the problem of reflection, diffraction and radiation of acoustic modes in a semi-infinite annular duct with uniform subsonic mean flow, including shedding of unsteady vorticity from the duct exit, allows a precise formulation of Myers’ energy for perturbations of an inviscid mean flow. The transmitted power [Formula: see text] in the duct and the radiated power [Formula: see text] in the far field differ by the amounts of hydrodynamic far field powers [Formula: see text] inside and [Formula: see text] outside the wake (vortex sheet) emanating from the duct edge, plus the power [Formula: see text] that disappears into the vortex sheet. This last component represents the source term in Myers’ energy equation. This is evidence of the non-conserved character of acoustic energy in mean flow, owing to the coupling of the acoustic field with the mean flow. [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are always positive. This is normally the case too for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. But for not too high frequencies or other circumstances where shed vorticity produces more sound than was necessary for its creation, [Formula: see text] and even [Formula: see text] may also be negative.
Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and a Combination of Psychosis and Violence Among Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ranu Jasmin , Kalebic Natasha , Melendez-Torres G. J. , Taylor Pamela J.
Published: September 2022

Relationships have been well established between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and later psychosis (29 systematic reviews) or violence (4 systematic reviews). To date, just one review has explored childhood maltreatment, specifically, and violence risk with psychosis. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses of a wider range of ACEs and later psychosis with actual violence compared with psychosis alone, violence alone or neither, completing searches in January 2021. In all, 15 studies met inclusion criteria, but only six included all four groups of interest. Two substantial studies recorded ACEs from sources independent of those affected and probably before emergent psychosis or violence; others relied on retrospective recall. Meta-analyses were possible only for within-psychosis-group comparisons; histories of physical abuse, sexual abuse, and having a criminal/violent parent or living with family alcohol/drug use were each associated with around twice the odds of psychosis with violence as psychosis alone. Although ACE measures in the four-way comparisons were too divergent for firm conclusions, abuse histories, and parental criminality emerged as likely antecedents, one study evidencing psychosis as mediating between ACEs and violence. Without longitudinal prospective study, pathways between ACEs and later problems remain unclear. Our findings add weight to the case for exploring ACEs in addition to abuse as possible indicators of later violence among people with psychosis and for trauma-informed interventions, which is important because some people are reluctant to disclose abuse histories.
Treating Femoral Artery Pseudoaneurysm by Tumescence Anesthesia and Echo-Guided Compression Technique (TACT): Clinical Outcome in 82 Consecutive Patients
Authors: Beretta Giulia S. , Engelberger Rolf P. , Cook Stéphane , Périard Daniel
Published: September 2022

Purpose:

Pseudoaneurysm (PA) of the access artery is a common and potentially severe complication after percutaneous endovascular interventions. Most PA require interventional therapy, including thrombin injection, covered stent implantation, or surgical repair, which are costly and associated with other complications. Treating PA by external compression is uncomfortable and time consuming, with a low success rate. By injecting local tumescence anesthesia around the PA and close to its neck, the tumescence anesthesia and echo-guided compression technique (TACT) aims to improve efficacy and patient’s comfort.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed all consecutive patients treated for femoral PA in our center from May 2009 to July 2019 and estimated efficacy and safety. Vascular specialists performed TACT according to a standardized protocol including ultrasound-guided injection of tumescence solution (45 ml of 0.9% saline, 15 ml of lidocaine 1%/epinephrine 5 μg/ml) in the soft tissue around the PA and its neck, local compression with the sonography probe until PA closure, and external compression by elastic belt for 3 hours.

Results:

Among a total of 125 patients with femoral artery PA, 82 (65.6%) were treated by TACT (including 3 patients with haemorrhagic shock), 14 (11.2%) by thrombin injection; 12 (9.6%) by endovascular interventions; 8 (6.4%) by open surgery; and 9 (7.2%) conservatively. In patients treated by TACT, PA neck was short (<1 cm) in 51.8% and mean cavity diameter 30 ± 23 mm. After injection of 58 ± 8 ml of tumescence solution, mean time of echo-guided compression was 12 ± 8 minutes. Pseudoaneurysm was successfully closed in 92.7% after the first attempt and in 96.3% after the second attempt. The intervention was well tolerated, without any adverse event.

Conclusion:

Tumescence anesthesia and echo-guided compression technique (TACT) is an effective and safe treatment for PA. Compared to other therapies, TACT is minimally invasive and widely available for minimal costs, even for large PA and in unstable patients.

Clinical Impact

Tumescence anesthesia and echo-guided compression technique seems to be an efficient, safe, and a fair economical choice in comparison with alternative techniques. The implementation of this procedure is simple with low risk of complications. Based on the results of this study, we believe that TACT should be considered as the first-line treatment of most iatrogenic PA.
A Steerable and Electromagnetically Tracked Catheter: Navigation Performance Compared With Image Fusion in a Swine Model
Authors: Nypan Erik , Tangen Geir Arne , Brekken Reidar , Manstad-Hulaas Frode
Published: September 2022

Purpose:

Cannulation of visceral vessels is necessary during fenestrated and branched endovascular aortic repair. In an attempt to reduce the associated radiation and contrast dose, an electromagnetically (EM) trackable and manually steerable catheter has been developed. The purpose of this preclinical swine study was to evaluate the cannulation performance and compare the cannulation performance using either EM tracking or image fusion as navigation tools.

Materials and Methods:

Both renal arteries, the superior mesenteric artery, and the celiac trunk were attempted to be cannulated using a 7F steerable, EM trackable catheter in 3 pigs. Seven operators attempted cannulation using first 3-dimensional (3D) image navigation with EM tracking and then conventional image fusion guidance. The rate of successful cannulation was recorded, as well as procedure time and radiation exposure. Due to the lack of an EM trackable guidewire, cannulations that required more than 1 attempt were attempted only with image fusion. The EM tracking position data were registered to preoperative 3D images using a vessel-based registration algorithm.

Results:

A total of 72 cannulations were attempted with both methods, and 79% (57) were successful on the first attempt for both techniques. There was no difference in cannulation rate (p=1), and time-use was similar. Successful cannulation with image fusion was achieved in 97% of cases when multiple attempts were allowed.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrated the feasibility of a steerable and EM trackable catheter with 3D image navigation. Navigation performance with EM tracking was similar to image fusion, without statistically significant differences in cannulation rates and procedure times. Further studies are needed to demonstrate this utility in patients with aortic disease.

Clinical Impact

Electromagnetic tracking in combination with a novel steerable catheter reduces radiation and contrast media doses while providing three-dimensional visualization and agile navigation during endovascular aortic procedures.
Comparison of Intensive Insulin Versus Oral Regimens on Early Glycemic Control Following Kidney Transplant
Authors: Petrosan Adina , Santeusanio Andrew D. , Khaim Rafael , Delaney Veronica
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Insulin is commonly prescribed to manage early post-kidney transplant hyperglycemia due to its flexibility. Studies comparing the effectiveness of oral therapies on glycemic outcomes remain limited. Project aims: The purpose of this program evaluation was to analyze our experience using oral antiglycemic agents immediately post-kidney transplant, compared to patients managed with insulin monotherapy. Design: This was a single-center, retrospective review of adult kidney transplant recipients with new or worsening hyperglycemia between 01/2014-05/2020. Patients were excluded if they had a prior or combined organ transplant, type 1 diabetes, or were previously on intensive insulin. Patients discharged on oral medications were 1:1 matched to patients receiving intensive insulin based on pre-specified clinical parameters. The primary endpoint was the number of diabetes-related readmissions within 6-months of transplant. Key secondary endpoints included mean serum glucose and hemoglobin A1c levels. Results: Thirty patients prescribed oral therapies were successfully matched to patients receiving intensive insulin. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups, except for more whites in the insulin group. There were no differences in diabetes-related (6.7% vs 3.3%; P = 1.00) or all-cause readmissions within 6-months. Mean serum glucose ( P = .99) and hemoglobin A1c ( P = .49) levels were also similar between patients receiving oral agents and insulin. However, 7 patients in the oral group were eventually converted to standing insulin. Conclusion: Our experience suggested that the early use of oral antiglycemics post-kidney transplant in select patients can result in similar outcomes relative to insulin. Meticulous follow-up is necessary as one-quarter of patients may require conversion to insulin within 1-month.
When Mainstream and Alternative Media Integrate: A Polysystem Approach to Media System Interactions
Authors: Aharoni Matan
Published: September 2022

In a diverse media ecosystem of transitions and integrations, this research uses polysystem theory to conceptualize the integration of alternative media systems within their mainstream media counterparts. These interactions are examined using interviews and participant observations through three case studies—(1–2) Integration of two independent web-content creator groups into mainstream Israeli television system and (3) integration of ultra-Orthodox filmmakers into mainstream Israeli cinema system. The findings show that stiff and flexible systems are two main forms of characterizing relations between alternative and mainstream systems—defined based on the specific interests and implications for each media system, including integrated content, producer perceptions, and audience reception. It includes themes of recognition, conservatism, novelty, freedom, and authenticity. The interactions reveal processes of diffusion or symbiosis of the source system’s products. The findings contribute to a theoretical model of media interactions that offers ways of examining and defining the characteristics of media system interactions.
Initial experience of using a large-bore (0.096″ inner diameter) access catheter in neurovascular interventions
Authors: Starke Robert M , Abecassis Isaac Josh , Saini Vasu , Matouk Charles C , Hassan Ameer E , Siddiqui Adnan H , Frei Donald F
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The purpose of this study was to report our initial experience of using a large-bore (0.096″ inner diameter) access catheter in neurovascular interventions.

Methods

Data were retrospectively collected from 5 sites in the US for neurovascular procedures performed using a large-bore access catheter. The effectiveness outcome was technical success, defined as the access catheter's successfully reaching its target vessel without conversion to direct carotid puncture or to a smaller-bore access catheter and successfully completing the intended neurointervention.

Results

One hundred and thirteen procedures performed in 112 patients were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was 67.5 years (SD 16.2), and about half (49.1%) were female. The most common primary access sites were the femoral (64.6%) or radial (32.7%) artery. Challenging anatomic variations included severe vessel tortuosity (26/81, 32.1%), type II aortic arch (17/88, 19.3%), type III aortic arch (14/88, 15.9%), bovine arch (16/104, 15.4%), severe angle (<30°) between the subclavian and target vessel (11/74, 14.9%), and subclavian loop (7/79, 8.9%). The median access time to branch view was 18 min (IQR 11-28, N = 75). The technical success rate was 94.7%. Two dissections (1.8%) were related to the large-bore access catheter. Access site complications occurred in 2 patients (1.8%). Four additional symptomatic periprocedural complications not related to the large-bore access catheter occurred (7.1%).

Conclusion

For neurovascular interventions, a 0.096″ inner diameter access catheter could be used with both femoral and radial arterial approaches, had a high technical success rate, and had a low rate of periprocedural complications.
Individual differences in musical ability among adults with no music training
Authors: Correia Ana Isabel , Vincenzi Margherita , Vanzella Patrícia , Pinheiro Ana P , Schellenberg E Glenn , Lima César F
Published: September 2022

Good musical abilities are typically considered to be a consequence of music training, such that they are studied in samples of formally trained individuals. Here, we asked what predicts musical abilities in the absence of music training. Participants with no formal music training ( N = 190) completed the Goldsmiths Musical Sophistication Index, measures of personality and cognitive ability, and the Musical Ear Test (MET). The MET is an objective test of musical abilities that provides a Total score and separate scores for its two subtests (Melody and Rhythm), which require listeners to determine whether standard and comparison auditory sequences are identical. MET scores had no associations with personality traits. They correlated positively, however, with informal musical experience and cognitive abilities. Informal musical experience was a better predictor of Melody than of Rhythm scores. Some participants (12%) had Total scores higher than the mean from a sample of musically trained individuals (⩾6 years of formal training), tested previously by Correia et al. Untrained participants with particularly good musical abilities (top 25%, n = 51) scored higher than trained participants on the Rhythm subtest and similarly on the Melody subtest. High-ability untrained participants were also similar to trained ones in cognitive ability, but lower in the personality trait openness-to-experience. These results imply that formal music training is not required to achieve musician-like performance on tests of musical and cognitive abilities. They also suggest that informal music practice and music-related predispositions should be considered in studies of musical expertise.
Characterization of missing data patterns and mechanisms in longitudinal composite outcome trial in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Ibrahim Fowzia , Tom Brian D.M. , Scott David L. , Prevost Andrew Toby
Published: September 2022

Background:

Composite measures, like the Disease Activity Score for 28 joints (DAS28), are key primary outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) trials. DAS28 combines four different components in a continuous measure. When one or more of these components are missing the overall composite score is also missing at intermediate or trial endpoint assessments.

Objectives:

This study examined missing data patterns and mechanisms in a longitudinal RA trial to evaluate how best to handle missingness when analysing composite outcomes.

Design:

The Tumour-Necrosis-Factor Inhibitors against Combination Intensive Therapy (TACIT) trial was an open label, pragmatic randomized multicentre two arm non-inferiority study. Patients were followed up for 12 months, with monthly measurement of the composite outcome and its components. Active RA patients were randomized to conventional disease modifying drugs (cDMARDs) or Tumour Necrosis Factor-α inhibitors (TNFis).

Methods:

The TACIT trial was used to explore the extent of missing data in the composite outcome, DAS28. Patterns of missing data in components and the composite outcome were examined graphically. Longitudinal multivariable logistic regression analysis assessed missing data mechanisms during follow-up.

Results:

Two hundred and five patients were randomized: at 12 months 59/205 (29%) had unobserved composite outcome and 146/205 (71%) had an observed DAS28 outcome; however, 34/146 had one or more intermediate assessments missing. We observed mixed missing data patterns, especially for the missing composite outcome due to one component missing rather than patient not attending thier visit. Age and gender predicted missingness components, providing strong evidence the missing observations were unlikely to be Missing Completely at Random (MCAR).

Conclusion:

Researchers should undertake detailed evaluations of missing data patterns and mechanisms at the final and intermediate time points, whether or not the outcome variable is a composite outcome. In addition, the impact on treatment estimates in patients who only provide data at milestone assessments need to be assessed.

Trial Registration ISRCTN Number:

37438295
Capitalist crisis and the geography of the clothing industry
Authors: Montero Bressán Jerónimo
Published: September 2022

This article aims to analyse how the map of clothing manufacturing has changed since the 2008 financial crash. In doing so I look at global and intra-regional trade statistics before and after 2008. Here, I challenge the long-standing dominance of Global Commodity Chains and Global Value Chains approaches in debates about the geography of the clothing industry. These approaches fail to explain processes beyond regions and firms directly linked to global production networks, like the rise of ‘local sweatshops’ in large cities in core economies and the deindustrialisation caused by the globalisation of production in peripheral countries not linked to these networks. Here, global production networks are considered as one particular way of organising production, or, in Harvey’s terms, a ‘spatial fix’ coexisting with other spatial fixes developed by capital in response to the economic crisis of the 1970s. Rather inspired by recently reanimated debates on uneven development, I address changes in the map of clothing manufacturing by emphasising broader processes of capital accumulation and circulation. More specifically, I look at the effects of the capitalist crisis, the eastward shift in globalisation – evidenced primarily by the rise of Chinese economy – trade tensions, declining labour supply and rising labour costs across Southern and SE Asia on corporate spatial strategies. The emphasis on meso-level processes and connections, therefore, helps address politically important questions about possible future trajectories of garment manufacturing and supply in and beyond global production networks.