bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Early stage commercialization strategies: How did Prius family affect Toyota electric vehicle development?
Authors: Dehkordi Majid A
Published: April 2018

Although researches in the eco-friendly innovation studies have contributed much to technological development, a limited contribution has been made to the importance of structural concepts, strategic decisions and early stage marketing in the diffusion of innovation. The uniqueness of this research lies in its effort of exploring Toyota’s commercialization strategies for the first generation of its green vehicles, Prius Hybrid and RAV4 EV. Literature is reviewed from both historical and technological perspectives. The Roger’s Diffusion model was used and on the basis on this review, it has been argued that Toyota’s hybrid vehicle commercialization strategy affected this company’s electric vehicle development at least for a decade. The results fill a gap in the literature, particularly in Green vehicles research, development, and marketing.
ONLINE TEACHING AND LEARNING
Authors: ADEBO PHILIP
Published: April 2018

AbstractOnline teaching and learning refers to education that takes place over the Internet. A significant number of colleges in the US and abroad are moving from the traditional face-to-face classes into fully online, web-based courses. Online education, often called distance education or web-based education, is currently the latest, most popular form of distance education.  It has recently become an integral part of many university programs. This paper provides a brief introduction to online teaching and learning.
Cloud Manufacturing
Authors: Sadiku Matthew , Wang Yonghui , Cui Suxia , Musa Sarhan
Published: April 2018

Cloud manufacturing is emerging as a new manufacturing paradigm which applies well-known basic concepts from cloud computing to manufacturing processes and deliver shared, ubiquitous, on-demand manufacturing services. It  is an innovative, web-based manufacturing model. It is promising to transform today’s manufacturing industry from production-oriented to service-oriented, highly collaborative manufacturing of the future. This paper provides a brief introduction to cloud manufacturing.
How Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Deep Learning are Radically Different?
Authors: Tiwari Tanya , Tiwari Tanuj , Tiwari Sanjay
Published: April 2018

There is a lot of confusion these days about Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL). A computer system able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and translation between languages. Artificial Intelligence has made it possible. Deep learning is a subset of machine learning, and machine learning is a subset of AI, which is an umbrella term for any computer program that does something smart. In other words, all machine learning is AI, but not all AI is machine learning, and so forth. Machine Learning represents a key evolution in the fields of computer science, data analysis, software engineering, and artificial intelligence. Machine learning (ML)is a vibrant field of research, with a range of exciting areas for further development across different methods and applications. These areas include algorithmic interpretability, robustness, privacy, fairness, inference of causality, human-machine interaction, and security. The goal of ML is never to make “perfect” guesses, because ML deals in domains where there is no such thing. The goal is to make guesses that are good enough to be useful. Deep learning is a particular kind of machine learning that achieves great power and flexibility by learning to represent the world as nested hierarchy of concepts, with each concept defined in relation to simpler concepts, and more abstract representations computed in terms of less abstract ones. This paper gives an overview of artificial intelligence, machine learning & deep learning techniques and compare these techniques.
Smart Cities: Study and Comparison of Traffic Light Optimization in Modern Urban Areas Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Kabrane Mustapha , Krit Salah-ddine , Maimouni Lahoucine El
Published: April 2018

In large cities, the increasing number of vehicles private, society, merchandise, and public transport, has led to traffic congestion. Users spend much of their time in endless traffic congestion. To solve this problem, several solutions can be envisaged. The interest is focused on the  system of road signs: The use of a road infrastructure is controlled by a traffic light controller, so it is a matter of knowing how to make the best use of the controls of this system (traffic lights) so as to make traffic more fluid. The values of the commands computed by the controller are determined by an algorithm which is ultimately, only solves a mathematical model representing the problem to be solved. The objective is to make a study and then the comparison on the optimization techniques based on artificial intelligence1 to intelligently route vehicle traffic. These techniques make it possible to minimize a certain function expressing the congestion of the road network. It can be a function, the length of the queue at intersections, the average waiting time, also the total number of vehicles waiting at the intersection
Advance Protection for Three Phase Induction Motor using Microcontroller Atmega32
Authors: Belsare Karan S , Patil Gajanan D
Published: April 2018

A low cost and reliable protection scheme has been designed for a three phase induction motor against unbalance voltages, under voltage, over voltage, short circuit and overheating protection. Taking the cost factor into consideration the design has been proposed using microcontroller Atmega32, MOSFETs, relays, small CTs and PTs. However the sensitivity of the protection scheme has been not compromised. The design has been tested online in the laboratory for small motors and the same can be implemented for larger motors by replacing the i-v converters and relays of suitable ratings.
Case Study: Chernobyl Disaster
Authors: Hussain Yasar , Rehalia Arvind , Dhyani Akash
Published: April 2018

the Chernobyl disaster was the world worst nuclear disaster, took place in the Chernobyl power plant due to explosion of reactor at Pripyat city in Ukraine. It led to 31 deaths including fire fighters and workers of the power plant on same day andabout 15 indirect deaths up to 2011. Also around 115000 people were evacuated from a 30 km zone around the plant. In this paper author gives a case study on Chernobyl disaster. And also, author finds the reasons and its effect on the human beings after the accident. And also, the confinement process of reactor number 4.
Transaction Processing Environment Kernelized Architecture in Multilevel Secure Application Policies
Authors: Vishwakarma Jaychand
Published: April 2018

Multilevel security poses many challenging problems for transaction processing. The challenges are due to the conflicting requirements imposed by confidentiality, integrity, and availability} the three components of security. We identify these requirements on transaction processing in Multilevel Secure (MLS) database management systems (DBMSs) and survey the efforts of a number of researchers to meet these requirements .While our emphasis on centralized system based on kernelized Architecture, we briefly overview the research in the distributed MLS DBMSs as well.
An Innovative Approach for Online Food Order Management System
Authors: Srivastava Anshika , Baranwal Anjali
Published: April 2018

Abstract— Restaurants are one of the favorite premises .An online food ordering is a integrated process in fast food Restaurants to offer choice of food from menu, cooked and served or packaged hot to satisfy customer  to immediately make orders on their ownselves. Customers can also call the restaurant to pack in advance or to  deliver the food item but sometimes restaurants run out of certain items.The existing system lacks the feature to use Remote GPS tracker such that restaurant managers are auto updated about the location of the customer before reaching the restaurant. We propose a complete system to easily manage online menu where items update as per the availability of food and prices. The Customer views the products, register and place the order. The system administrator adds and manages user accounts and the Manager manages product and orders. The Kitchen meal deliverable deals with pending deliveries .The proposed system is developed using Android platform which is open source software and built in data connection modules. It also decreases labour rates to replace mobile phones to book order and table unlike employees who come to take order and payments .In advent of food consumption problems like obesity, overeating etc. ,he proposed system will show food items with nutrition based searches showing ingredients of the food items.
A New Technique for File Sharing Mechanism Ad hoc Networks
Authors: Lavanya N. , Balakrishna M.
Published: April 2018

Network coding is a data transmission technique which allows intermediate nodes in a network to re-code data in transit. In contrast to traditional network communication where a node repeats incoming data to its outgoing channel without modifying the payload, a node implementing network coding not only repeats but also alters data. Network coding has been demonstrated to increase network throughput compared to the traditional forwarding transmission. It has potentially broad applications in many areas, including traditional computer networks, wireless ad-hoc networks, and peer to peer systems. This paper process a new technique for file sharing in P2P.
Alternate Trajectory Determination Using Multimode Automated Robotic Vehicle with Line Following and Object Following Mode
Authors: Kumar Varun , Gaur Lakshya , Rehalia Arvind
Published: April 2018

In this paper the authors have explained the development of robotic vehicle prepared by them, which operates autonomously and is not controlled by the users, except for selection of modes. The different modes of the automated vehicle are line following, object following and object avoidance with alternate trajectory determination. The complete robotic assembly is mounted on a chassis comprising of Arduino Uno, Servo motors, HC-SRO4 (Ultrasonic sensor), DC motors (Geared), L293D Motor Driver, IR proximity sensors, Voltage Regulator along with castor wheel and two normal wheels.
Development of New Image Registration Techniques – A Research Framework
Authors: G. Sindhu Madhuri , M P Indira Gandhi
Published: April 2018

Image is a basic and fundamental data source for the digital image processing. This image data source is required to be processed into information or intelligence and further to knowledge levels where it is required to understand and migrate into knowledge economy systems. Image registration is one of such key and most important process already identified in the digital image processing domain. Image registration is a process of bringing the reference image and sensed image into a common co-ordinate system, and application of complex transformation techniques for necessary comparison of reference with sensed images obtained from different - views, times, spaces, etc., in order to extract the valuable information and intelligence embedded in them. Due to the complexity of overall image registration process, it is difficult to suggest a single transformation technique even for a specific application. In addition, it is highly impossible to suggest one single transformation technique for comparison of various sensed images with a reference image during the image registration process. This research gap calls for the development of new image registration techniques for the application of more than one transformation technique during the image registration process for the necessary comparisons with reference image & sensed images, those are obtained from the available heterogeneous sources or sensors, based on the requirement. In addition, it is a basic need to attempt for the measurement of effectiveness of the image registration process also. Therefore, a research framework is developed for image registration process and attempted for the measurement of its effectiveness also. This new research area is a novel idea, and is expected to emerge as a provision for the knowledge computations with creative thinking through the embedded intelligence extraction during the complex image registration process.
UNJUK KERJA ALAT PEMOTONG PELEPAH SAWIT TIPE DODOS SECARA MANUAL DAN MEKANIS MENGGUNAKAN MESIN HUSQVARNA 327 LDx
Authors: Christian Aldo , Asmara Sandi , Sugianti Cicih , Telaumbanua Mareli
Published: April 2018

ABSTRAK Pemotongan pelepah sawit menggunakan alat dodos manual menghasilkan produktivitas kerja yang rendah dan resiko kecelakaan yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan mesin dodos mekanis yang dapat meningkatkan produktivitas serta menurunkan resiko kecelakaan kerja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengukur kapasitas kerja, beban kerja dan kebutuhan energi pada alat dodos manual dan mekanis. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini berdasarkan perbedaan tinggi pohon kelapa sawit (2 m, 3 m dan 5 m) dan jumlah pelepah yang terpotong (6, 12 dan 18). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbandingan kapasitas kerja alat tertinggi antara dodos manual dan mekanis pada tinggi pohon 3 m sebesar 718 dan 951 pelepah/jam sedangkan pada 2 m sebanyak 533 dan 696 pelepah/jam dan tinggi pohon 5 m sebesar 495 dan 710 pelepah/jam. Secara umum pada pengujian beban kerja semua perlakuan diklasifikasikan pada beban kerja ringan kecuali untuk alat dodos manual pada pengujian 18 pelepah termasuk klasifikasi beban sedang. Kebutuhan energi untuk alat dodos manual dan mekanis sebesar 2,0-5,0 Kkal/menit dengan klasifikasi beban kerja ringan. Konsumsi bahan bakar mesin Husqvarna 327 LDx yaitu 0,336 L/jam. Konsumsi bahan bakar paling efisien terdapat pada tinggi pohon 3 m sebanyak 0,353 mL/pelepah sedangkan pada tinggi pohon 5 m sebanyak 0,473 mL/pelepah dan tinggi pohon 2 m sebanyak 0,483 mL/pelepah.Kata kunci :   Pelepah kelapa sawit, dodos manual, dodos mekanis tipe Husqvarna 327 LDx.
RANCANGBANGUN DAN UJI PERFORMANSI SINGLE STIRRING REACTOR (SSR) PUTARAN SEARAH PADA BERBAGAI RPM UNTUK PRODUKSI BIODIESEL
Authors: Furqon Furqon , Ritonga Abdul Mukhlis , Maksum Ali
Published: April 2018

Produksi biodiesel dengan metode katalitik membutuhkan sistem pengadukan agar trigliserida dan metanol yang mempunyai sifat tidak saling bercampur dapat bercampur dengan baik. Aplikasinya sebagian besar produksi biodiesel masih menggunakan beberapa reaktor dan menggunakan putaran tinggi. Oleh karena itu, akan lebih baik jika proses produksi biodiesel menggunakan satu reaktor sebagai tempat terjadi reaksi tersebut dan menggunakan putaran yang tidak terlalu tinggi sehingga lebih efisien dalam penggunaan energi. Oleh sebab itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang single stirring reactor (SSR) pada putaran searah dan menguji performansi SSR putaran searah. Rancangbangun SSR dilakukan dengan melakukan tahapan perancangan dan perhitungan analisis teknik. Alat yang dibuat merupakan tipe batch dan skala laboratorium. Alat yang dibuat diujicoba saat tanpa beban dan dengan beban yaitu dengan memproduksi biodiesel menggunakan bahan minyak kelapa sawit, metanol dan katalis KOH. Hasil biodiesel (metil ester) dianalisis dengan GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry). Hasil perancangan alat SSR mempunyai dimensi tabung reaktor tinggi 400 mm, diameter 150 mm dan tebal 1 mm menggunakan bahan Stainless steel 304. Hasil pengujian mendapatkan alat mampu bekerja dengan baik sesuai performansi yang diharapkan, baik dengan beban maupun tanpa beban. Hasil uji performansi alat SSR putaran searah saat memproduksi biodiesel dengan bahan minyak kelapa sawit dan metanol (rasio 1:6), katalis KOH 0,5%, suhu 45 oC, dan waktu 30 menit pada putaran 200 rpm, 350 rpm, dan 500 rpm berturut-turut menghasilkan kadar metil ester 98,89%, 99,55%, dan 99,50%, yang berarti sudah memenuhi syarat mutu biodiesel berdasarkan SNI 7182:2015.
Efectos en el coeficiente de reflexión de una antena de microcinta rectangular debidos a las modificaciones de posición de una ranura en la capa radiante
Authors: Ossa Molina Oscar David , Forero Camen Aimeé Lineth , Espinal Ramirez Catherine , Reyes Vera Erick Estefen , López Giraldo Francisco Eugenio
Published: April 2018

Este trabajo propone analizar los cambios en las frecuencias de resonancia de  una antena de microcinta inducidos por una ranura grabada en la capa radiante, donde el objetivo es encontrar una relación clara entre los cambios en la frecuencia de resonancia debido a la posición y orientación de la ranura. Se utilizó un software numérico basado en Elementos Finitos para simular barridos paramétricos, lo que permitió identificar un patrón de cambio de la respuesta del coeficiente de reflexión de la antena. Los resultados muestran que las variaciones en la frecuencia de resonancia fundamental y los modos de resonancia de orden superior dependen de la orientación y posición de la ranura. La relación entre las frecuencias de resonancia y la posición y orientación de la ranura se describió por medio de modelos matemáticos, los cuales permiten sintonizar dichas frecuencias por medio de los parámetros geométricos de la ranura. Asimismo, se establece que los modos de resonancia (TM) se afectan de acuerdo con la orientación de la ranura. Además, se presenta una alternativa de diseño de antenas multibanda
CONCEPTION OF ORGANIZATIONAL BUILDING A PROTECTED INFORMATION SYSTEM OF A BUSINESS
Authors: Gazizov Andrey Ravilevich
Published: April 2018

The article discusses the concept of organizational formation of the protected information system of a commercial enterprise. The content and classification of information resources, subject to the characteristics of the trading activities, information about customers, employees, communicative, general, financial and legal data have been given; the level of importance has been revealed. The basic principles of creating the protected information system in terms of specificity of a commercial enterprise (continuity, integrity, systemacy, legitimacy) have been formulated. Taking into account the specified principles, the thematic content of requirements to the protected information system has been determined: centralization, planning, preciseness, purposefulness, activity, reliability, flexibility, originality, openness, economic efficiency. There are given recommendations to building a secure information system, which include easy maintenance and transparency for users of the mechanisms of the information system protection; a minimum set of privileges for users; ability to disable the security mechanisms of information system in the critical circumstances; independence of protection mechanisms from the information system; assumptions about the worst intentions and potential users’ errors; minimization of information about existing mechanisms of information system protection. It has been determined that the information system protection includes two components: organizational and administrative (including the internal documents regulating the issues of protection) and technical (including the subsystems of anti-virus protection, back up and archiving, email security, intrusion detection, protection of data transmission channels, identification and authentication of users); their functional purpose being analyzed. The purpose and content of security policy of information system were determined as a theoretical basis of organizational and administrative components of the protection system. It has been inferred about the universality of the presented method providing secure communication for the users of a business.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF DETERMINING THE DEGREE OF ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION BY EMISSIONS OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES
Authors: Kusheleva Ekaterina Vadimovna , Barulina Marina Aleksandrovna , Bogomolov Aleksey Sergeevich , Ivashchenko Vladimir Andreevich , Kushnikov Vadim Alekseevich , Kushnikova Elena Vadimovna , Rezchikov Alexander Fedorovich , Filimonyuk Leonid Yurevich
Published: April 2018

The article focuses on the problems of environmental monitoring of atmospheric pollutant distribution and determining air contamination on the controlled areas. In the course of solving the designated problems there has been developed a mathematical model that allows to predict the dynamics of distribution of dangerous chemicals emitted into the atmosphere in the result of emergency, and to determine the change of their concentration in the course of the time. There was built a difference scheme for a numerical solution of the differential equation of turbulent diffusion, and given a proof of its conditional stability both for general and special cases. The developed program product helps to carry out necessary calculations and to demonstrate the dynamics of distributing the tail of atmospheric pollutant. The results of experimental computations confirming the adequacy of the proposed model have been presented.
DEVELOPMENT OF DIAGNOSTIC MEDICAL EXPERT SYSTEM SUBJECT TO THE CONSTITUTIONAL TYPE OF A PATIENT
Authors: Shegal Boris Romanovich , Ayush Yumchmaa  , Grif Michael Gennadievich
Published: April 2018

In the context of decision making in difficult medical situations - for specifying a diagnosis - there was presented a model of medical expert system (atomic diagnostic test) based on integration of diagnostic methods of the traditional and oriental medicine. Criterion for choosing the most available atomic diagnostic test in determining the disease at each stage of diagnostic process is its informativeness which can be assessed in terms of likelihood of positive test results (with binary answers "yes"- "no"). An important feature of the model offered is an attempt to combine methods of traditional and Tibetan medicine in order to develop a well-defined concept and methodology how to diagnose a disease. To increase diagnostic precision there has been developed a program method of diagnostic criterion (informativeness) using Bayes procedure and module of analysis based on nominal entropies. One variant of the diagnostic test based on self-assessed health status suggests determining a patient’s constitution due to which it is possible to specify the diagnosis, avoiding diseases that are not typical for a certain constitutional type. Application of the diagnostic model offered motivates a patient to develop a healthy life, adhere to scientifically grounded system of disease prevention, according to the causes of diseases of the given constitution type.
«Ya toda me entregué…», de Amelina Correa Ramón
Authors: Santiago Nogales Rocío
Published: April 2018

Reseña del libro «Ya toda me entregué…» (Granada, Alhulia, 2017), de Amelina Correa Ramón
Norma e autoridade linguística no galego e no português brasileiro
Authors: Monteagudo Henrique , Lagares Xoán Carlos
Published: April 2018

Este artigo propõe uma análise comparada do modo como se constrói norma e sobre os conflitos próprios da constituição da autoridade normativa no galego e no português brasileiro. A justificativa para esse tipo de estudo comparado recai no fato de se tratar de “línguas emergentes”, num modelo de análise relativista, em situações diglóssicas dentro de contextos socio-históricos muito diferentes, e que têm entre si uma relação de filiação genética dentro do grupo linguístico portugalego. Nesse sentido, a análise das condições de produção de norma e seus conflitos em cada caso, e as ideologias linguísticas implicadas, permite entender as tensões entre unidade e fragmentação dentro do espaço linguístico identificado com a “língua portuguesa”. 
Desa dalam Administrasi Publik Indonesia Kontemporer: Penguatan Peran LAN
Authors: Nurjaman Rusman , Prasetyo Antonius Galih
Published: April 2018

Law No. 6 of 2014 on Villages provides a momentum and wide opportunities to make the village as the subject of development as well as placing it as a new axis of the national development based on the principle of participation, accountability, mutual cooperation, empowerment, sustainability, local wisdom, and independence. In another context, this Law also provides a new perspective on public administration in Indonesia. Affirmation of the principle of recognition and subsidiarity puts villages outside the hierarchial framework of the government. Unfortunately, this reality is often not considered by the national and local government with the right policies and approaches. National Institute of Public Administration (NIPA) responds to this situation by conducting a number of relevant researches. Following the ratification of Law on Villages, LAN has conducted a series of studies on villages that resulted in interesting findings that can be used to reflect the village position in the contemporary public administration order. There are three clusters of public administration issues that can be drawn from those researches, among them are the relationship between village and supravillage government, village authority, and the capacity of village governemnt. In the future, it is expected that LAN continues to play a role in developing village. Not only through research activities, but also through public administration innovation, apparatus training, and higher education of administration.

Keyword: Village, public administration, NIPA, think tank, recognition, subsidiarity

Abstrak

UU No. 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa memberikan momentum dan peluang yang lebar untuk menjadikan desa sebagai subjek pembangunan sekaligus menempatkannya sebagai poros baru pembangunan nasional yang bertumpu pada prinsip partisipasi, akuntabilitas, kegotongroyongan, pemberdayaan, keberlanjutan, kearifan lokal, dan kemandirian. Dalam konteks lain, UU ini juga memberikan perspektif baru mengenai administrasi negara di Indonesia. Penegasan asas rekognisi dan subsidiaritas desa menempatkan desa di luar kerangka hierarkial pemerintahan. Sayangnya, kenyataan ini kadang tidak disadari oleh pemerintah  dan daerah melalui kebijakan dan pendekatan yang tepat. Lembaga Administrasi Negara (LAN) merespons hal ini dengan melaksanakan sejumlah kajian terkait. Pasca pengesahan UU Desa, LAN telah menyelenggarakan kajian mengenai desa dengan berbagai temuan menarik yang dapat dipakai untuk merefleksikan posisi desa dalam tatanan administrasi negara kontemporer. Ada tiga klaster isu administrasi negara yang dapat ditarik dari berbagai kajian tersebut, di antaranya hubungan desa dengan pemerintah supradesa, kewenangan desa, dan kapasitas pemerintah desa. Di masa depan, diharapkan LAN terus berperan dalam memajukan desa. Tidak saja melalui kegiatan kajian, namun juga melalui inovasi administrasi negara, diklat aparatur, dan pendidikan tinggi administrasi.

Kata Kunci: Desa, administrasi negara, LAN, think tank, rekognisi, subsidiaritas
Strategi Peningkatan Efektifitas Pelatihan Kepemimpinan: Telaah Teoretis dan Empiris
Authors: Suryanto Adi
Published: April 2018

This article presents the idea of strategies for improving the effectiveness of leadership training that has so far not been clearly mapped. Although the current leadership training system design is perceived to be quite effective but in its perceived implementation it has not been optimal yet to boost organizational performance to the highest level. To focus the training into effective learning requires the organization to be able to pay attention to two important elements of training, participants characteristics and organizational support. Expectations of the two elements need to be met so that the training process runs perfectly. On this basis and with reference to empirical theories and experiences, this article successfully formulates three key strategies that need to be undertaken in the pre-leadership training phase, during leadership training, and post leadership training.

Keywords : Effectiveness, Leadership Training

Abstrak

Artikel ini menyajikan pokok pikiran terkait strategi peningkatan efektivitas pelatihan kepemimpinan yang hingga saat ini masih belum terpetakan dengan jelas. Meskipun rancangan sistem pelatihan kepemimpinan yang ada saat ini dirasakan cukup efektif namun, dalam pelaksanannya dirasakan masih belum optimal mendongkrak kinerja organisasi ke level yang tertinggi. Untuk memfokuskan pelatihan menjadi pembelajaran yang efektif, mensyaratkan organisasi untuk mampu memperhatikan dua unsur penting yaitu karakteristik peserta pelatihan dan dukungan lingkungan organisasi. Ekspektasi dan harapan dua unsur tersebut perlu dipertemukan agar proses pelatihan berjalan sempurna. Atas dasar hal tersebut dan dengan berpedoman pada teori-teori dan pengalaman empiris, artikel ini berhasil memformulasikan tiga strategi utama yang perlu dijalankan mulai di fase pra-pelatihan kepemimpinan, pada saat pelatihan kepemimpinan, dan pasca pelatihan kepemimpinan.

Kata Kunci : Efektivitas, Pelatihan Kepemimpinan
The Use Of Seal In Early Malay Official Letters : A Personal Identity And Ethnic Culture
Authors: Karim Abdul Razak
Published: April 2018

This brief article discuss on how the seals that were used on the official Malay letters incorporated and displayed the identity of the senders, whether they are individual dignitaries or governments. The early Malay seals are among the symbol and identity of the sender. In the traditional Malay society the seal was not something that anyone can own and use indiscriminately. The seals were used as personal symbols by the individual rulers and dignitaries and subsequently became something that was passed on as part of their inheritance. For an individual sultan or dignitary, the seal represented and displayed his identity. The concept of identity in relation to the early Malay official letters is actually the Malay identity. This article also discuss the shape and form of seal, the language used, and .calligraphy or artistic writing style.
A sociolinguistic Study of the Effects of Yoruba-English Code-mixing on the Yoruba Language
Authors: Owolola Oluwaseun Iyanuoluwa
Published: April 2018

This work investigates the effects of Yoruba-English Code-mixing on the Yoruba language. From a sociolinguistic perspective, it examines the reasons why people code-mix English with Yoruba and the effects of the code-mixing on the Yoruba language. The study is modeled after Crystal's (2000) theory of language death. Data for the study was collected with the use of self-designed questionnaire which was administered to 100 respondents. The analysis of the responses shows that a number of lexical items of the Yoruba language have been lost by the native speakers as a result Yoruba-English code-mixing. It also reveals that this sociolinguistic phenomenon may hamper the growth and development of the Yoruba language as it has become more convenient for Yoruba speakers to code-mix than to coin new words for new concepts, items or ideas. The study, therefore, concludes that uncontrolled Yoruba-English code-mixing may render the use of the Yoruba language moribund, consequently leading to the death of the language. It is recommended that the native speakers of Yoruba should make conscious efforts to use "pure" Yoruba, minimizing the use of code-mix.Â 
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English Lecturer's Attitude Toward English Variety In English Learning
Authors: Yanti Rahma , Handoko Handoko , Antaridha Rabbi
Published: April 2018

This research investigates English lecturers' attitude toward the variation of English in the process of English learning. The purpose of this study is to discuss the types of English variations uttered by English lecturers who are considered as respondents in this study and their attitudes toward the variations of language that appear to their own speech during the teaching-learning process. This research is descriptive by using qualitative approach. The data to be presented in this research is taken from several words of Indonesian lecturers at several universities in Padang West Sumatra by distributing some questionnaires and also interviews. The method of data analysis is divided into two types, first, methods which related to the correlation of external language objects with a non-linguistic element called correlation method or method of matching, and secondly, methods which related to surgical, processing or internal verbal tampering called the method of operation or distribution method.
Pragmatic Failure in Interpreting Some Proverbs found in SMAN 1 Lubuk Alung
Authors: Natrio Yeyep
Published: April 2018

Phenomenon of using proverb in academic environment particularly school is usual right now. Not only using Indonesian proverb but also using English proverb, students are interested to apply them. The trend to use English as the L2 in presenting good philosophy of life is one method to help students to master and acquaintance with English. In term of English proverb, it is usually used to present condition of school environment, students, and the regulation of school which are managed systematically. Particularly, most of the English proverbs in SMAN 1 Lubuk Alung are applied to boost motivation of the students. In fact, there are some of them are misled in transferring the meaning from the real receptor language. The translation of the proverbs were dull and were not appropriate to English sense as receptor language. Learners are unaware of the pragmatic knowledge that a proverb has because they do not recognize the purpose of the communicative act that a proverb has socio-pragmatically. I conclude that the proverbs which were taken from Senior High School No. 1 Lubuk Alung, West Sumatera tends to the incorrect translation so that the students have a problem called pragmatic failure. The process of applying the English proverbs to represent the Indonesian proverbs is not suitable in the Receptor Language (RL), English. There is misleading of choosing word and also the arrangement/ structure of those words. The effort of delivering similar message in another language was failed since they did not know how to transfer knowledge about linguistic, cultural, and social information about the target language.
Phonological Variation in Serawai Language Used by Minangkabaunese and Serawainese in Kota Manna, South Bengkulu.
Authors: Gustina Lydia , Nadra Nadra , Marnita Rina
Published: April 2018

This research aims to describe the phonological variation in Serawai language used by Minangkabaunese and Serawainese. This research is a descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The method that used in this research is method that proposed by Sudaryanto. The data are collected by using observational method, the technique applied in collecting data are interview, recording and taking field notes. In analyzing data, the researcher used a distributional method. The presenting the result is by using formal (signs and symbols) and informal method (descriptive of ordinary word). The result of this research is the phonological variation in Serawai language that used by Minangkabaunese and Serawainese consist of 8 differential. They are 4 vocoid variations and 4 contoid variations. The vocoid variations are [ə]~[e], [i]~[e], [u]~[o], and [a:]~[a]. The contoid variations are [w]~[Ø], [y]~[Ø], [b]~[Ø], and [ɤ]~r]. There are phonologycal variations in Serawai language that used by Minangkabaunese and Serawainese because there are soundsthat unusual used in Minangkabau language, for example [ə] and [ɤ]. Furthemore, The variation is not change the meaning at all.
ENTHESITIS AND PSORIATIC ONYCHOPATHY AS A FACTOR FOR PREDICTION OF PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS IN PSORIASIS
Authors: Sidorcika Tatyana G. , Linovs Viktor A. , Radzina Maya A. , Rubins Andris J. , Rubins Sylvester A.
Published: April 2018

Psoriatic arthritis is a psoriasis-related spondyloarthropathy that occurs in 20–30 % of patients with psoriasis. Psoriatic arthritis affects the patient’s quality of life indicators and are more often associated with disabilities of working age than psoriasis skin form. Nail psoriasis has been proposed as a predictor for the development of psoriatic arthritis. The inflammation involving the entheses, called enthesitis, is an early inflammatory change seen in psoriatic arthritis, and nail changes appear to result from the close relationship between the nail and the enthesis of the distal interphalangeal extensor tendon, one of the main entheseal compartments affected in psoriatic arthritis. Various imaging studies have demonstrated that there is a considerable proportion of undiagnosed psoriatic arthritis among patients with psoriasis. Since early detection and treatment of psoriatic arthritis could, ultimately, allow the prevention of clinical and radiologic progression of the disease, there is the need to establish clinical indicators to detect this risk.
THERAPY OF SKIN VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS USING COPPER VAPOR LASER AND PULSED DYE LASER
Authors: Klyuchareva Svetlana V. , Ponomarev Igor V. , Pushkareva Alexandra E.
Published: April 2018

Aim. Comparison of effectiveness of the application of copper vapor laser (CVL) and pulsed dye laser (PDL) in clinical practice. Development of choice criteria of the more effective method of treatment.Materials and methods. The clinical data using CVL and PDL in the treatment of skin vascular malformations are presented. The treatment gave good results in removing of dysplastic skin vessels in 2 and 6 months. The treatment was not painful, and patients did not need general and local anesthesia. The results were presented concerning computer modeling of selective heating of vessels in tissue with CVL and PDL radiation. These results allowed to determine the depth of location and dimensions of vessels for selective and secure removing and the safe dosage ranges were found.Results. On the base of the calculated data, one could conclude that the mode of heating of dysplastic vessels with micropulse series of CVL is more safe and effective than the mode of powerful short pulses in the case of PDL.
EXPERIENCE OF COMBINED APPLICATION OF METHYLPREDNISOLONE ACEPONATE AND MOLETOLO COSMETICS STEROIDSANDVIAGRAJY IN THE TREATMENT OF DERMATOSES
Authors: Orlov Evgeny V. , Konnov Pavel E. , Arsenieva Antonina A.
Published: April 2018

Skin diseases of non-infectious etiology, such as allergic contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, eczema  and chronic actinic dermatitis have a significant impact on the quality of patient’s life, greatly reducing it. The most important place in the therapy of these diseases is found in topical glucocorticosteroids in combination with competent basic therapy.The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety profile, and tolerability of an external corticosteroid drug with a combination composition: methylprednisolone aceponate 0.1 % + urea 2 % (Komfoderm M2) in combination with dextpanthenol, allantoin and Shea butter (Dexpan plus cream) in dermatological practice in the treatment of eczematous process.Materials and methods. 48 patients, from 18 to 58 years old with mild to middle-severe eczematous process, were under observation, including 16 with allergic contact dermatitis, 14 patients with atopic dermatitis and 10 patients with eczema brushes, and 8 people with actinic dermatitis. Cream Komfoderm M2 was applied to the affected skin areas once a day in combination with cream Dexpan plus as standard therapy and emollient cosmetic. We investigated the parameters of the DLQI questionnaire “Dermatological Quality of Life Index” .Results As a result of the conducted observational study, data were obtained on the high effectiveness of therapy with the combined use of the drug Komfoderm M2 and Dexpan plus. An excellent evaluation of the efficacy of the scheme used was found in 37 (77 %) patients, a good one in 9 (18,8 %) and 2 (4.2 %) patients had a satisfactory result.Conclusions. This clinical study proves the high efficacy, safety and tolerability of the drugs — Cream with 0.1 % MPA and urea 2 % (Komfoderm M2) in combination with a cream containing dexpanthenol, allantonoin and Shea butter (Dexpan plus) in the treatment of eczematous process.
Identifikasi dinamika sumber tremor vulkanik Gunungapi Raung berdasarkan analisis fraktal
Authors: Wildani Arin , Umamah Chairatul , Budiyono Agus
Published: April 2018

Tremor vulkanik merupakan salahsatu gelombang seismik yang biasa terekam di sekitar gunungapi dan dapat menjadi indikasi akan terjadinya suatu letusan. Pengetahuan secara kuantitatif mengenai parameter fisis tremor vulkanik dapat melengkapi dalam memprediksi terjadinya suatu letusan. salahsatu parameter fisis tremor vulkanik yaitu nilai dimensi fractal. Pada penelitian ini digunakan rekaman data seismik tremor vulkanik Gunungapi Raung dari tahun 2011- 2013. Berdasarkan hasil seleksi data maka didapatkan 21 kejadian tremor vulkanik Gunungapi Raung. Pada penelitian dilakukan analisis fraktal dengan merekonstruksi diagram attraktor dari tremor vulkanik menggunakan teorema delay embedding. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menentukan delay time menggunakan Mutual Information dan dimensi embedding dari masing-masing kejadian tremor vulkanik menggunakan False Nearest Neighbour (FFN). delay time tremor vulkanik gunungapi Raung didapatkan sebesar 0,085 s  dan dimensi embedding tremor vulkanik gunungapi Raung didapatkan berada dalam rentan 4-5. Dimensi fraktal tremor vulkanik gunungapi berada dalam range 1,81– 2,15. Perubahan secara temporal nilai dimensi fraktal mengindikasikan bahwa tremor vulkanik disebabkan oleh  sistem non linier didalam pipa konduit berbentuk silinder.
Pemetaan konsep fisika siswa kelas XI pada kurikulum 2013
Authors: Musdar M
Published: April 2018

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pemetaan penguasaan konsep fisika siswa kelas XI IA 1 dan XI IA2 pada kurikulum 2013 di SMA N 4 Banda Aceh penelitian ini melibatkan 67 sampel dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif serta instrument penelitian berupa soal ujian fisika kelas XI semester ganjil 2017-2018 dengan menghitung persentase, untuk penguasaan konsep untuk materi, Elastisitas Bahan, Kesetimbangan benda tegar, Fluida Statis dan Fluida Dinamis serta Suhu Kalor, setelah dianalisis berdasarkan hasil ujian maka untuk materi Elastisitas Bahan dikuasai oleh siswa sebanyak 44, 6% sedangkan untuk materi fluida statis dan fluida dinamis dikuasai oleh siswa sebanyak 45, 01% sedangkan untuk materi kesetimbangan benda tegar dikuasai oleh siswa sebanyak 41,78% dan yang terakhir untuk materi suhu dan kalor dikuasai oleh siswa sebanyak 39,5%, untuk penguasaan konsep yang paling banyak dikuasai untuk konsep fluida statis dan fluida dinamis serta yang paling sedikit dikuasai materi suhu dan kalor  
Penerapan model REACT untuk meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains siswa pada materi arus listrik
Authors: Siradjuddin S , Rosdianto Haris , Sulistri Emi
Published: April 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan Keterampilan Proses Sains (KPS) siswa setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran REACT. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan bentuk pre-eksperimen design dengan desain penelitian one group pre-test post-test design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua siswa kelas XI dari salah satu SMKN di Kota Singkawang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 12 siswa dengan teknik pengambilan sampel berupa teknik purposive sampling. Peningkatan KPS diukur dengan menggunakan alat ukur tes berupa 8 soal pilihan ganda beralasan tentang KPS. Dari analisis dengan menggunakan N-gain, diperoleh peningkatan KPS sebesar 0,37 dengan kategori sedang.
Meningkatkan keterampilan procedural dan keterampilan berpikir tinggi mahasiswa melalui model pemecahan masalah pada perkuliahan elektronika dasar
Authors: Ratu Tursina , Erfan Muhammad
Published: April 2018

Berlakunya Kerangka Kualifikasi Nasional Indonesia (KKNI) mengharuskan jenjang Sarjana memiliki kompetensi lulusan mencakup pengetahuan, keterampilan dan sikap. Standar ini secara tidak langsung menghendaki mahasiswa untuk memiliki keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan, khususnya Elektronika Dasar. Elektronika Dasar adalah mata kuliah dengan konsep dasar fisika yang mengedepankan kemampuan analisis sintesis. Oleh karena itu, Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan prosedural dan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi melalui model pemecahan masalah. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan berupa penelitian tindakan kelas dengan teknik pengambilan data meliputi lembar observasi dan tes. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran Elektronika Dasar dengan model pemecahan masalah dapat meningkatkan keterampilan prosedural dan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi terlebih pada ranah analisis dan sintesis mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika FKIP Universitas Samawa pada perkuliahan Elektronika Dasar.
Perbedaan pengaruh latihan pliometrik barrier hops dan double leg tuck jump terhadap tinggi loncatan pada pemain bola voli Putra Magetan Junior Tahun 2017
Authors: Utomo Andri Wahyu
Published: April 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: (1) Pengaruh latihan pliometrik barrier hops dan double leg tuck jump terhadap tinggi loncatan pada pemain bola voli Putra Magetan Junior tahun 2017, (2) Latihan mana yang lebih baik pengaruhnya antara latihan pliometrik barrier hops dan double leg tuck jump terhadap tinggi loncatan pada  pemain bola voli Putra Magetan Junior tahun 2017. Metode dalam penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimen, dengan desain pre test – post test design. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian populasi. Sehingga subyek penelitian yang digunakan adalah seluruh populasi yang ada yaitu seluruh pemain bola voli Putra Magetan Junior  tahun 2017. Banyaknya populasi pemain bola voli  Putra Magetan Junior sebanyak 34 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes dan pengukuran menggunakan tes vertical jump untuk mengukur tinggi loncatan. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji-t atau uji perbedaan dengan taraf signifikasi 5% dengan prasyarat melalui uji reliabilitas, uji normalitas, dan uji homogenitas. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: (1) Tidak terdapat perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara metode latihan pliometrik barrier hops dan double leg tuck jump terhadap tinggi loncatan pada  pemain bola voli Putra Magetan Junior Tahun 2017, (t hitung = - 1.34 < t tabel 1.70). (2) Metode latihan pliometrik double leg tuck jump memiliki pengaruh yang lebih baik dan efektif dari pada barrier hops terhadap tinggi loncatan pada pemain Putra Magetan Junior tahun 2017. Peningkatan tinggi loncatan kelompok I (kelompok yang mendapat perlakuan metode latihan pliometrik barrier hops) = 0.238 % < kelompok II (kelompok yang mendapat perlakuan metode latihan pliometrik double leg tuck jump) = 0.416 %. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan diperoleh kesimpulan sebagai berikut:  (1) Tidak terdapat perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara metode latihan pliometrik barrier hops dan double leg tuck jump terhadap tinggi loncatan pada pemain bola voli Putra Magetan Junior tahun 2017, (2)  Latihan pliometrik double leg tuck jump memiliki prosentase peningkatan kemampuan tinggi loncatan yang lebih baik pada pemain bola voli Putra Magetan Junior tahun 2017dari pada latihan pliometrik barrier hops.
An Experimental Study of Flipped Classroom English Teaching Based on Autonomous Learning Theory
Authors: Yao Min
Published: April 2018

In order to improve students' English autonomous learning abilities, the study applied the ﬂipped classroom teaching model based on autonomous learning theory. According to the experimental data analysis and the survey, it is found that ﬂipped classroom teaching plays a more positive role in cultivating students' autonomous learning ability, improving their comprehensive Englishprofciency, and building their confdence and interest in college English learning.