bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OBESITY, DIABETES AND CORONARY HEART DISEASES
Authors: Vujačić N.
Published: November 2024

The clinical and metabolic anomalies observed in patients with type 2 diabetes are associated with high risk of cardiovascular disease (particulary coronary heart disease), witch is responsible for 75% of all death in diabetic patients. Diabetic people have cardiovascular risk factors comparable to those of nondiabetics who have had myocardial infarction or stroke. To determine main risk factors for coronary heart desease (CHD) and differentes among diabetics we analyzed 86 patients.Patients in this study attended in Institute of endocrynology,diabetes and matabolic disorders in Belgrade. The diagnosis was based on typical clinical manifestation: high levels of glucose (higher than 6,1mmol/l), high cholesterol and tryglicerides, hypertension and overweight. In the control group we have had 20 adult, healty people without metabolic disorders. We found that diabetics with coronary heart disease have had the higest level of glucose (13,2mmol/l), cholesterol (6,96mmol/l),tryglicerides (2,84mmol/l). Arterial hypertension in the group of diabetic patientes with CHD have had 72,7 %, or 40 patients of 55 patients of whole group. Type 2 diabetes and hypertension share certain risk factors such as overweight, visceral obesity,and possibly insulin resistence. This study strenthgenes the hypothesis that cholesterol and the arterial hypertension have central role in develpoment of CHD, but in non-insulin depended diabetics they associated with metabolic disorders witch play an important role in increasing the risk of coronary heart disease.
AEROBIC PARAMETERS OF ELITE SPORTSMAN
Authors: Karaba D. , Grujić N. , Ivetić V. , Lukač D.
Published: November 2024

Parameters of anaerobic capacity were investigated in the group of 90 young subjects classed into diferent groups depent on their physical fitness. The group consisted of 30 wrestlers, 30 rowers and 30 students. Basic antropometric parameters were taken for each person and than Wingate anaerobic test was administrated. The aim of this investigation was to measure anaerobic parameters and determine weather there was a difference among sportsman and non sportsman. All parameters of Wingate test (anaerobic power, explosive power, anaerobic capacity) were significantly higher in the group of sportsman. (p0.05) Also, the highes values od anaerobic parameters were detected in the group of wrestlers, since this is typicaly anaerobic sport. The lower values were measured in the group of non sportsman, as expected.
THE MOST FREQUENTLY CARDIAC RHYTHM DISORDERS AT THE SICK OF DECOMPENSATED CHRONIC PULMONARY HEART
Authors: Čelić D. , Krdžić B. , Mihailović B. , Šipić Lj.
Published: November 2024

Chronic pulmonary heart (CPH) stands for presence of hypertrophy and/or dilatation of right heart ventricle caused by pulmonary hypertension as a consequence of diseases that are damaging lungs function or structure. By chronic pulmonary heart are not considered those hypertrophies of right ventricle which are consequences of left cardiopaths or congenital heart anomalies with skips. During the CPH evolution three stages were formed: a) uncomplicated pneumopathology, b) compensated chronic pulmonary heart and c) decompensated chronic pulmonary heart. The disorders of cardiac rhythm are often at decompensated CPH, which is proved by this scientific work as well. 40 sick people diseased of decompensated CPH are treated in purpose to establish the presence and the characteristics of cardiac arrhythmia at these patients. It is established that the major percentage of frequency is made by sinus tachycardia, atrial extrasystols, and ventricular extrasystols. Of 40 examinees 65% had sinus tachycardia, 37,5% atrial extrasystols, 30% ventricular extrasystols and 20% combined atrial and ventricular extrasystols. This proves us that there is a significant percentage of cardiac rhythm disorder frequency at the sick people of decompensated chronic pulmonary heart.
GENESIS, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND TREATMENT OF PREMATURE LABOUR
Authors: Mitreski A. , Bogovac M.
Published: November 2024

Premature labour is provoked by noumerous causes that represent a combination of socioeconomic, maternal and fetal factors, that usually act together. The introduction of of tocolytic agents in obstetric practice has not appeared to substantially change the incidence of preterm delivery. This problem is still one of the unsolved ones in perinatal medicine. The aim of the study was to present how structural and functional anomalies of placental physiology can be connected with this disarrangement of pregnancy.In our study of 327 pregnancies controled in our unit in 41 (13,26%) symtoms of premature labour were present: contractions, vaginal bleeding, abrevation and dilatation of cervical ostium. With adequate treatment, in form of combination of tocolytics, spasmolytics, hormones, nonsteroid antiinflammatorz drugs, antibiotics and atimycotics we have posponed delivery to term in 34 (82,92%) of cases. The use of appropriate medications, that blocks pahtophysiological mechanisms responsible for preterm labour in most cases we can enable prolongation of gestation and term delivery.
IMPORTANCE OF CYTOKINES IN REGULATION OF SPECIFIC IMMUNE RESPONSE
Authors: Bubanović I. , Anðelković Z. , Mirić M. , Mirosavljević Z. , Mitić R.
Published: November 2024

In regulation of specific immune responses the most important role play interleukin-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, inter feron- (INF- ), transforming growth factor- (TGF- ) and lymphotoxin (LT). These signal molecules are produced mainly by T-lymphocytes after recognition of foreign antigens by specific receptors (TCR) placed on plasmalema. Some of mentioned cytokines stimulate proliferation and differentiation of various lymphocyte populations in the activation phase of T cell-de pendent immune responses, while the others activate and regulate the function of specialized effector cells, such as mono nuclear phagocytes, eosinophils, and neutrophils, to eliminate antigens in the effector phase of immune responses. In con trast to most of cytokines which have stimulating action on an initiation and course of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, TGF- has an inhibitory effect on the activation and proliferation of T-lymphocytes and the other leukocyts
ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF REPEATED MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Odalović D. , Perić M. , Putica J. , Čukalović M. , Jovanović S. , Ristić D. , Odalović A.
Published: November 2024

Bacterial meningitis is an important medical problem, as because of the use of powerfull antibiotics and other
drugs, and therapeutic measures, the number of patients, as well as the mortality haven't been changed for years. Because of that the study of pathogenesis of bacterial meningitis has been one the most dynamic researsh fields in recent years. Meningitis caused by salmonella is not usual clinical manifestation of salmonella infections, but because of fulminant evolution and specific structure of cause. Path and effect of diseases, it deserves special attention. Our researches encompases 29 children who suffer from salmonella meningitis. Out of the whole number of cured children, the moust frequent was at newborn (58,6%), while the smallest number was in the group of older infant (6.9%). Concernig the sex structure of diseased, the biger number was at male (62.0%). The most important finding in liquor cerebrospinalis at patients is polymorphonuclear leucocytosis (average value of cell elements is 3744, with 82% polymorphonuclears). At the same time existed leucocytosis in peripheral blood with sigificant deviation into left. At all our patients hypoglycorachya expressed (1.45mmol/L). The value of proteinorachya was 1.71 g/L. The result of the disease was successful in 49.3%, died 24,1%, and cured with consequences 27,6%.
TRICHOPHYTID REACTION TO ANTIGEN AGENT IN CHILDRENS AGE
Authors: Krstić N.
Published: November 2024

The main goal of this research was to present the mikid generalised reaction in children who suffered from trichophytiae profundae capillitii. After the infection and the inflammation brought on by the direct contact with the sick calves, the intensive mikid reactions occured, that is, the aseptic lesions of the skin. From 149 sick children, hospitalised at the DVC in Priština, 63(42,28%) were with the diagnosis of Kerion celsi. In 7(11,11%) cases trichophytid reactions occured to the animal type of the trichophyton mentagrophytes. The inflammed regions of the kerion produced the secondary bacterial infection with the regionale lymphadenopathy. Two weeks later antibodies and skin rash were produced in response to the infection agents. Early diagnostice and the adequate therapy decreases frequency of the mikid reaction in childrens age
CMV INFECTION - STILL ONE OF THE MOST SERIOUS PROBLEMS IN PERINATOLOGY
Authors: Bijelica A. , Tešić T , Maticiki-Sekulić M.
Published: November 2024

Perinatal infection occurs as a consequence of the intrauterine (congenital) infection, intrapartal infection, or the
newborn infection in the course of its nursing. Congenital cytomegalovirus infection is a most frequent intrauterine infection. The prevalence of congenital CMV infection given by different authors varies significantly, but the majority of them
mention that it is in the range from 0.5 to 2.5 % of the number of the live-born. Significance of this disorder is underlined by
the fact that about 20% of intrauterine infected newborns have later serious problems in their development. The signs of fetal
impairments with congenital CMV infection can be noticed with about 10 % of the infected newborns at the very birth. The
mortality rate among these newborns is high even about 30 % of them exhibit heavy signs of the disease and die very soon
after the birth. Even with 70 % of the newborns with the symptoms of congenital CMV infection it is possible to notice at the
birth the presence of the symptomatology related to CNS, and this is of predicative significance for the later unfavorable
development of the infant. It should be pointed out that, in contrast to intrauterine infection, which provenly yields to fetal
impairments, there are no reliable data that would point to undesired outcomes of intra- or postpartal infections. The work
gives a survey of contemporary knowledge about cytomegalovirus infection in perinatology, as well as about the possibilities of its diagnosis and treatment.
HYSTERECTOMY AND GESTATIONAL TROPHOBLAST DISEASE
Authors: Relić G. , Bogovac M. , Vlašković R. , Jakšiċ Z. , Zakić S. , Rajović B.
Published: November 2024

Although nowadays is importance of surgery as primary method of gestational trophoblast disease treatment smaller than earlier,appliance of the surgical procedure is still valuable addition to the modern therapy of these diseases. We present a patient with mola hydatidosa where hysterectomy had been done as operative way of this disease treatment.
TWO SYNDROMES IN THE SAME FAMILY TREE: DOWN AND PRADER-WILLI-LABHART SYNDROMES
Authors: Bogavac M. , Relić G. , Mitreski A. , Katanić D. , Jovanović-Privrodski J.
Published: November 2024

The genes mutate either spontaneously or under the influence of mutagenic agents (irradiation, viruses, toxins).
The occurrence of genetic syndromes in the scope of one family is pointing more to the inherited than to de novo mutation.
Aim of this study was to present two syndromes in the same family tree, occurring subsequently one by one, which carry severe mental retardation and have a poor prognosis and frequently tragic outcome. A case report was given of a patient in
whom both pregnancies were completed by birth of the newborns presenting with severe syndromes: the first one with
Down's syndrome and the second one with Prader-Willi-Labhart syndrome. The results of investigation point to the necessity of genetic investigations before pregnancy and during pregnancy as early as possible, in order to avoid giving birth to
the children with syndromes which bear severe mental retardation and having poor prognosis.
LUTEAL PHASE DEFECT IN WOMEN WITH HYPERPROLACTINEMIA AND UNKNOWN REASON OF INFERTILITY
Authors: Vitković L. , Anđelković Z. , Mitić B.N. , Stanišić S. , Dunjić M.
Published: November 2024

Luteal phase defect is disorder of low progesterone secretion (low level), or very short luteal phase (shorter than 11 days). Consequence of that is late endometrium maturation, almost 2 days. Such endometrum impedes and makes impossible ovum nidation. Today we have luteal phase defect in 14% of infertility women, and in 21% of women of unknown infertility reason. This has been frequently seen in women with spontaneous abortion and hyperprolaktinemia. Diagnostic methods of DLF are biopsy of endometrium and measuring of progesterone level. The aim of this study is the examine endometrium maturation disorders. The study includes 30 women that are hospitalized in Clinical of Gynecology Pristina. Unknown reason of infertility and normal hormonal status had been in 13 (43%), and hyperprolaktinemia in 7 (56,7%) of women. Histological verificated ovulation had been finding out in 60%of women. Late endometrium maturation, luteal phase defect, had been verificated in 23,3% of women, from there in 29,4% of hyperprolaktinemic women and in 5,4% of women of unknown infertility reason. There was evidence of late endometrium maturation of 2 days (85,7%). and of 4 days th (5,4%). Progesterone level in DFLthe 20th day was 30 nmol/l, the 24 day of menstrual cycle was 28,8 nmol/l. Progesterone level in women with histological proved regular endometrium maturation was higher and it was 45, nmol/l. The lowest progesterone level that can be find in good functioning of luteal body was 31,8 nmol/l.Citohormonal findings in DFL was showing progesterone domination. Take a look at infertility and ovarian function must not be concern only on ovulation, it must take care of endometrium maturation.
NATURAL SYSTEM OF DISEASE GENESIS END RASHOMON
Authors: Čukić G. , Šabotić R.
Published: November 2024

Natural system of disease genesis is a complex occurrence. «Net» review of cause can be based on systematic approach and it doesn't have to, and so those are homonyms. Complex occurrence of the genesis of a disease is given as a arranged set by relation «predecessor-follower». Chain reaction is that one which has hierarchic arrangement because of managing. By systematic approach the causality is being created.
SURGICAL INTERVENTION IN PREGNANCY - Anaesthesiological management
Authors: Cvetković M. , Grujić K. , Ćosić M. , Janković R. , Rajović B. , Cvetkoviċ V.
Published: November 2024

The urgent surgical intervention need great atention in pregnant patients because of vital indication all surgical procedure interffer with pregnancy togheter with general anaesthesia and could cause complication of pregnancy and some times a damage of the foetus. Our study include all surgical procedure as the acute abdomen, trauma and politrauma in pregnant patient. Our aime was to give general anaesthesia which should be safe for mother and foetus.Post-operaative therapy and treatment of patients was done by theam of anaesthesia and gynecologists. The anaesthesia monitoring and surgical procedure have been improved up to the presset day but there are steel present great ricks in a treatment of this type of patients.The criteri in surgical and conservative treatment of pregnant patients was determined in colsultacion anaestetist-gynecologists.
LUXATIO TESTIS
Authors: Petronić D. , Stefanović G. , Ivanović D.
Published: November 2024

The authors present you two cases of luxatio testis. Luxatio testis is a very rare injury caused by the influence of some strong force or blow. Testicle is luxated in ingvinal chanal, perineum, subcutanue penis tissue and rarely abdomen. Conservative surgical treatment always have to be done
EFFECTOFGLUCAGON ON HEMODYNAMIC VARIABLES, CATECHOLAMINE LEVELAND ELECTROLYTE LEVELIN THE CANINE SERA
Authors: Milanović Z. , Pavlović A. , Jovanović P. , Radović D. , Smiljić S.
Published: November 2024

Glucagon is polypeptide hormone derived from pancreas which in addition to its metabolic actions has also certain cardiovascular stimulatory effects. We've explored the effects of glucagon on hemodynamic variables (mean arterial pressure, heart rate and central venous pressure) and on catecholamine level and the electrolite level in the kanine sera. It was estimated that glucagon expressed the positive chronotropic effect and significantly lowers the central venous pressure while inconsiderably inceases mean arterial blood pressure. It also leads to transient (short-lasting) hipokaliemia and nonsignificant hipocalcemia. As the result of the action of the glucagone, the serum adrenaline concentrations were significantly increased while the serum noradrenaline concentratios were significantly decreased
DIABETES MELLITUS, RISK FAKTOR FOR CANDIDA SKIN INFECTION
Authors: Sojević Z. , Novaković T. , Staletović D.
Published: November 2024

Diabetes mellitus is a typical example for connection betwen sickness of internal organs and the skin. The ratio betwen glycose level in a gram of skin and the amount of glycose in a mililiter of blood is higher in diabetes mellitus then normal. This implies that insulin regulates intracelular distribution of glycose in the skin. It is recessary for the keratinocyt growth and diferentiation, healing of wounds, but also for the fibroblast functioning in the derm. In diabetes mellitus acidofil is lowered, and glycolised colagen is increased, and fibroblasts in the extra produce fibronectin. Skin and visible mucosys infections caused by candida albicans in diabetes patients belong to the group of deseases that could be a consequence of a disbalanced metabolism. They are seen frequently, but not patognomic for these patients, becuse they are also possible in people whose metabolism is normal. Badly controlled or undiagnosed dibetes mellitus is often coupled with candida induced skin deseases. Sometimes candida infections are the first sign of diabetes. Dermatologist is often in position to discover the disease on the basis of skin symptoms, which gives possibility for regulation of the sickness on time and avoid complications. It is known that complications develop slower when diabetes is regulated. Skin alterations in candidiasys and its connection with diabetes are described briefly, with an attempl to explain patogenesys of their apearence.
UTERUS FACTOR AS A REASON OF REASON OF INFERTILITY OF THE WOMAN
Authors: Stanojević B. , Vojvodić Lj. , Bogavac M.
Published: November 2024

The tests were made at deparment of infertility at the Gynecology and Obstretics Institute of Clinical Center of Serbia in the period from 01.01. untill 31.12.1998. The three hundred patients, on which hysterosalpingography (HSG) was made, and patients, on which chromolaparoscopy was made, were involved by prospectus studies. In the laparoscopy the larger anomalies of the uterus and significant hypoplasy coincide with HSG finding, while hypoplasy in the lower level or uterus arcuatus always can not be established by laparoscopy.The higher frequency of all pathological alterations of the uterus, except the myoma of the uterus, was established by HSG, relating to laparoscopy. Associate pathological alterations were established in the higher percent by HSG than by the laparoscopy, while the single changes were diagnosed in the lower percent.The deficit in the loading of the uterus by the constrast medium, also the changes at the endometrium, could be proved by HSG only. Intravasation can be identified by the both methods. In the diagnosis of the myoma of the uterus, laparoscopy is more important method than HSG.Pathological alterations of the uterus, especially higher anomalies of the uterus and hypoplasy were established in the higher percent by HSG than by the laparoscopy, but statistically the more significant difference was not established in the application of the both methods
THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF DENDRITIC CELLS
Authors: Anðelković Z. , Leštarević S. , Mitić N.B. , Bubanović I. , Marjanović D.
Published: November 2024

Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen presenting cells which trace origin from bone marrow cells. These cells are discovered and described by Steinman i Cohn (1973) in peripheral lymphoid organs of mice. The cellular membrane of DCs are place of expression of plenty immunoregulatory molecules such as MHC class I and II, co stimulatory, and adhesion molecules, as well as many receptors for different cytokines. Armed on this way, DCs are one of the most effective antigen presenting and immunoregulatory cells. Moreover, role of DCs in development of immune reaction can be crucial due to they are one of the most important cellular “link” between native and adaptive immunity. DCs are engaged in mechanisms of antigen processing and presentation, induction of immune reaction, establishing immune tolerance and immune reaction regulation, balancing the immune reaction between autodestruction and protection of “self” cells. These functions makes that DCs play very important role in development of some pathological conditions and diseases such as autoimmunity, allergies and quality of anti-tumor and anti-microbe defense. Unbalanced immune reaction is hallmark of all cited diseases and immunopatological conditions, so that the function of DCs should be explored on the better way.
QUALITY QUALITY AND EFFICACY AND EFFICACY OF A TELECOLPOSCOPY TELECOLPOSCOPY PROGRAMME PROGRAMME
Authors: Perišić Ž. , Vukićević D. , Perišić N. , Egić A. , Tasić L.
Published: November 2024

We tested the performance of telecolposcopy in the diagnosis of various squamous intraepithelial lesions. There were three groups of physicians: Group 1 consisted of 15 gynaecologists who were not trained in colposcopy; Group 2 consisted of six experienced colposcopists (specialists); Group 3 was a supervising team constisting of three experts (colposcopists with more than 15 years of colposcopy experience). The first group took colpophotographs during gynaecological examinations and used a Web browser to compare them with examples from a database of colposcopy findings. Group 2 made their own diagnoses independently. Then the supervising team examined the findings from all 250 patients and made diagnoses that could be considered the ''gold standard''. The findings were identical for Groups 1 and 2 in 219 cases, i.e. an inter- observer agreement of 88%; Cohen's kappa was 0.81. The findings were identical for Groups 1 and 3 in 208 cases, i.e. an inter- observer agreement of 83%; Cohen's kappa was 0.74. The findings were identical for Groups 2 and 3 in 239 cases, i.e. an inter- observer agreement of 96%; Cohen's kappa was 0.93. There was high inter- observer agreement between all participants. However, there were also significant differences in some cases. In the cases of suspected invasive carcinoma, 2 the results showed a significant difference (x =4.8, p < 0,005) because gynaecologists from Group 1 were not sure of their diagnosis and they wanted to obtain a second opinion by referring the decision to a higher level.
TUBAL PERITONEAL FACTOR AS A REASON OF INFERTILITY OF THE WOMAN
Authors: Stanojević B. , Vojvodić Lj. , Bogovac M. , Relić G.
Published: November 2024

Nowadays, hysterosalpingography and laparoscopy are routine methods of exploration of the oviduct passability.The tests were made at department of infertility at the Gynecology and Obstretics Institute of Clinical Center of Serbia in the period from 01.01. untill 31.12.1998. The three hundred patients, on which hysterosalpingography (HSG) was made, and patients, on which chromolaparoscopy was made, were involved by prospectus studies. The analysis shows, that between hysterosalpingographical and laparoscopical investigation of the passability of the oviducts there exists an extremely high statistical difference in the distributions of findings of particular modalities of the passability of the oviduct. Two-way passability of the oviducts with growths of tissue has been established in a higher percentage in the patients who were examined laparoscopically, while the other alternations have been diagnosed hysterographically i a higher percentage. A statistical processing of data resulted in a significantly high statistical difference in the patients with two-way occlusion of the oviducts, whereas for other modalities no statistically significant difference has been established. The most researchers describe high perccentages of growths of tissue, from 64,0% to 72,0%, which have not been established by HSG. Growths of tissue have been confirmed by this investigation in a high percentage (70,0%). Establishing the passability of the oviducts is particularly important for further treatment of the patients.
EARLY INTRAOPERATION COMPLICATIONS IN THE WOMEN WITH MULTIREPEATED CESAREAN SECTION
Authors: Relić G. , Bogovac M. , Ristić Lj.
Published: November 2024

In period of ten years from o1.01.1990- till the 30.06.1999 on the University clinic of Gynecology and Obstetric in Pristina there were 2474 repeted cesarean section. With two S.C. were 2041, with three S.C. were 343, with the four S.C. 74 and with the five S.C. were 16 women. Intraoperation risck in repeated S.C. was defined with preasants of the erly intraoperation complicatios such as (hysterectomia caesarea, lesio vesicae urinariae and laesio intestini). We separate the early intraoperations in the women with the second and third S.C., and early intraoperation complications in the women with the fourth and fifth S.C. Results of the study showes that there were no statistical important differences. 
BACTERIAL BACTERIAL SKIN INFECTIONS INFECTIONS WITH DIABETES DIABETES PATIENTS
Authors: Sojević Z. , Novaković T. , Radević T.
Published: November 2024

A chronic hyperglicemia with diabetes leads to damage, disfunction and physiology disorders in various organs and tissues so the skin changes are occuring frequently. They are serious and are early discovered. The importance of knowing the bacterial skin infection with diabetes patient is in the fact that sometimes they can be markers and be preceded of the manifestation of the diabetes during the years i.e. in the prevention of the complications even though the glucose tolerance is limited. Then, any increase of the glucose level should be considered patological. Acute and chronic bacterial skin infections can change the regulation of diabetes which may lead to worse metabolic regulation with diabetes patients. The bacterial skin infections belong to the infection group that according to the clinical experience more frequently appear
in diabetes. But a close connection with diabetes is not proved. This study aims to point out the bacterial skin infections with diabetes patients. The results of our study indicates that bacterial skin infections are more frequently represented with diabetes patients (11.0%) than with the persons without Diabetes mellitus (4.8%).
FALSELY NEGATIVE AND FALSELY POSITIVE HISTEROSALPINGOGRAPHICAL FINDINGS
Authors: Stanojević B. , Vojvodić Lj. , Bogovac M. , Relić G.
Published: November 2024

Falsely negative hysterosalpingographical (HSG) finding presents regular HSG finding, but the laparoscopical is pathological alterations. Falsely positive HSG findings presents pathological HSG finding, but the laparoscopical is regular finding. A high frequency of falsely negative results can be explained first of all by the presence of growths of tissue. It is known that by HSG peritubar adhesions can be suspected, but they can be diagnosed with absolute certainty only laparotomically and laparoscopically. In the period from 01.01. untill 31.12.1998. the falsely negative and falsely positive HSG findings were identified on 60 patients, which were tested by HSG method and laparoscopy. Obtained results are showed ta2 bular and graphically. Statistical data processing is carried out by Mc Nemar test (c MCN test). In the case of the HSG pathological finding, the same pathological finding has been proved in 28 (63,6%) persons, a different pathological finding in 9 (20,5%) and regular finding in 7 (15,9%). The frequency of falsely negative HSG findins is 25,0% and falsely positive HSG findings 15,9%. The frequency of falsely positive findings extends from 14,6%, 17%, 20% to 29,6%. The majority of authors state that the incidence of falsely negative findings ranges from 15,5%, 15,9%, 18%, 20,7%, 22% to 24,0%. The pathological HSG points out to the necessity of laparoscopy, while the regular HSG is not sufficient proof of normal oviducts and the peritoneal factor
HORMON REGULATION OF SEBACEOUS SECRETION AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN PATOPHYSIOLOGY OF ACNE VULGARIS
Authors: Relić M. , Reli G. , Dejanović L.
Published: November 2024

Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilo sebaceous follicules. The sites involved are the seborrheic areas in sebaceous glands mainly face, upper chest, back and the shoulder areas. The usual types of acne occur puberty. Acne is rare in children and old age. Increase in the activity of sebaceous glands and occlusion of the pilosebaceous orifices are the main factors of acne pathogenesis. Androgens increase the activity of sebaceous gland in both sexes. The usual types of acne occur in some endocrine abnormality and disorders. We analyzed hormones control of the acne and its role in occurrence of acne
SIGNIFICATION OF MAGNESIUM IN THERAPY OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Authors: Vučinić B. , Mitić R. , Milovanović Z.
Published: November 2024

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most significant social-medical problems. Having on mind their importance, the risk factors have been defined. Numerous clinical and epidemiological studies showed that deficit of magnesium in the human organism has a certain contribution in etiology, pathogenesis and evolution of cardiovascular diseases. RASKO, Rakovica's study of cardiovascular diseases, found out that these diseases are more frequent at the locations where
soft water with decreased content of magnesium is being used as drinking water. Magnesium is an integral part of about 300 enzyme systems in which catalyst's role have adenositriphospathase as Mg-ATP, a part of NaKATP-ase, exogenous and endogenous pumps for calcium, etc. A normal plasmatic concentration of magnesium is 0,8-1 mmol/l. Plasmatic level of magnesium is not directly correlated with actually content in an organism since 33% of plasmatic magnesium is connected with plasma's proteins and that's why hypoproteinemia can cause a false hypomagnesemia. The normal values of magnesemia don't exclude deficit of magnesium in an organism since PTH and calcitonin mobilize magnesium from the bones. Hypomegnesemia is caused by improper and irrational nutrition, hormone disturbances, and different conditions and diseases of an organism. Magnesium has vasodiletatoric, antianginosic, hypolipemic, antiagregatic effects. Mechanism of magnesium's effect is based on its physiological role in an organism, i.e. on correction of hypomagnesemia. In preventive and therapeutic purposes magnesium's compounds are used peroraly and parenteraly. With parenteral use the plasmatic concentrations of more than physiological 2,5-7,5 mEq/l can be attained in which case somnolentia can be appeared but not a coma nor depression of breathing. In prevention and therapy of cardiovascular diseases magnesium has a significant place in the largest number of cases as an adjuvant drug
GOUT - DIAGNOSTIC DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPY THERAPY - case raport
Authors: Petković Z. , Mirković M.
Published: November 2024

Gout is a metabolic arthropathy caused by abnormal deposition of crystal histological they are urats (salts) of mononatrium in the joints and periatricular connective tissue. In 70% cases, decreased renal function in urats’excretion is responsible for hyperuricaemya. The other causes are mostly metabolic: increased (take in) of food wich contains mostly meat (purins) and increased synthesis of purin due to defective enzyme system (i.e. Lesch-Nyhan Sy)
PITYRIASIS LICHENOIDES ET PITYRIASIS LICHENOIDES ET VARIOLIFORMIS ARIOLIFORMIS ACUTA (PLEVA)
Authors: Dejanović L. , Relić M. , Ivanović J. , Krstić N.
Published: November 2024

With this case report we want to introduce is one rare disease, which can be spontaneonsly treat, buth it has a rare return. We present a pacient with rare febrile ulcero-necrotic variant, a possible persistent variant of PLEVA. The disease has been reprted in 20-th young adult
METFORMIN-ALTERNATIVE DRUG FOR MEDICATION INSULINE RESITENCE AMONG THE INVOLVED PEOPLES WITH DIABETES TYPE 2
Authors: Pajović S. , Jovanović A. , Novaković T.
Published: November 2024

Diabetes mellitus is the most frequently chronical disease.In the relation on the degree of affection populations (over 150 000 000 peoples), was able speak about pandemic of this illnesses. In the orgin of insulin-indipendent diabetes mellitus, the primary role has the insuline resistence. Date from literature gives the evidence that the metformin is a drug for insuline resitence. Behaind the rest, has been proved that metformin, decrease risk factors for beginning complications this illnesses
MACROSCOPIC VARIABILITY OF STUCTURES OF LOBULUS PARIETALIS AND PRECUNEUS
Authors: Đukić-Macut N. , Vitošević Z. , Filipović T. , Mandić P. , Milisavljević M: , Šaranović M.
Published: November 2024

Traumas of CNS are more often and more complex than ever, also the influence of the factors of environment are more destructing, so all of them require detail knowledge of the morphology and functions of the nervous system. It is necessary for the faster and more accurate diagnosis in clinical medicine, and also it is necessary in preventing diseases of CNS. Modern neuroimaging procedures such as CT, MRI, PET, require precise knowledge of both morphologic variations of human brain , and the relation between morphology and function. In this kind of research the best solution is combination of descriptive and quantitative methods
TYPE OF DIABETIC MACULOPATHY IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
Authors: Jakšiċ V. , Milenković S. , Žorić L. , Jovanović A. , Mirković M. , Stamenković D. , Vukša D. , Mavija M.
Published: November 2024

Diabetic retinopathy, particularly diabetic maculopathy, are leading cause of visual loss in the world.Purpose: to estimate type of diabetic maculopathy in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Method: hospital based study. 118 patients with diabetic retinopathy underwent complete ophthalmologic examination ( mean age 58,1 years, male 78, female 40; 7% were diabetes type 1 patients; 46% had nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and 54% had proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Results: 88 patients (74% of all) had diabetic maculopathy. The most common type of diabetic maculopathy was diffuse (60% of all patients ), afterward focal (33% patients) ischemic maculopathy (both with PDR) had two patients (3%) and five patients had mixtus (7%) . Conclusions: diffuse diabetic maculopathy is the most common type of maculopathy both in NPDR and PDR
RESULTS OF HEROIN HEROIN ADDICTS ON ADDICTS ON TRAIL MAKING MAKING TEST
Authors: Martinović Mitrović S. , Dickov A. , Vučković N. , Ivetić V. , Mitrović D. , Vasić D.
Published: November 2024

As a result of long-term heroin abuse we can see impairment of cerebral structures, that leads to specific deficits in cognitive and conative area. There is a positive correlation between intensity of mentioned deficits and duration of heroin abuse. Attention is a cognitive function highly sensitive to toxic effects of opioids. Attention disorders and concentration disorders in opiate addicts are frequently described as a part of frontal syndrome, in consideration of high neurons sensitivity of frontal and prefrontal cortex to heroin. The aim of this study was to evaluate results of heroin addicts on Trail making test, in order to estimate the effect of heroin abuse on attention and specific relation between attention deficit with the duration of abuse. Ninty heroin addicts, divided in tree groups, regarding to abuse duration, were included in study. Results showed that heroin abuse longer than one year is connected with attention disorders, like low flexibility of attention and low selectivity of attention. The intensity of mentioned effects is higher in addicts who use higher daily dosage of heroin
CHARACTERISTICS OF ALCOHOLISED DRIVERS BASED ON ESTABLISHED ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION IN EXHALED AIR
Authors: Milošević M. , Savić S. , Matejić S. , Mandić P. , Mihailović Z. , Jakšiċ V. , Dobričanin S.
Published: November 2024

This research has been done on a sample of 4211 drivers, from which 3886 ( 92,28%) were put in examination for plus measuring alcohol concentration in exhaled air, that is, breath testing with breathalyser type Alcotest® 7410 RS, while 297 of examined people, besides breath testing were put through blood sample analysis, applying ADH enzyme's method. Both sexes were covered in this examination, and they were at the age from 16 to 66, classified according to the clinical phase alcohol taken. Results: Most of the alcoholic drivers were men. The greatest number (94,9% from 4211) didn't participate in a traffic accidents (TA), 3,8% were participants in TA with material damage, and in 1,2% of cases were TA with injuring some of the participants, while in just 4 cases (0,1%) came to mortal injuring participants. The highest number of police controls were registrated on Saturdays, in Summer months, in time from 00:00 to 03:59 hours. Average age of the examined people were 32,5 years old (SD = 0,871), and the greatest number of the examined in this analysed sample belongs to age group from 21 to 30 (1748, that is, 41,51% from 4211). The greatest number of drivers (51,3%) were in clinical phase of mild intoxication. Applying three factor's ANOVA statistical method with one set factor (with part of a day in a month) it is established that arising traffic accidents (TA) depends solely from clinical phase of intoxication. Obtained results taken from breath testing are compared with results received from determinating Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) applying enzym's ADH method. Very high coefficient of correlation is established from 0,95 (r 0,198, p>0,0006). In the observed period falling trend of alcoholic drivers is recorded. We can note constant numerical domination of age group of 21 to 30. Driving drunken is typical characteristic for male population. In group of professional drivers it's extremely rare steering a vehicle in alcoholic condition. It is detected that in most cases of TA participants were in mild or medium state of intoxication, what indicates to a major accidental significance precisely these degrees of intoxication
BREASTRECONSTRUCTION USING DEEPINFERIOR EPIGASTRIC PERFORATOR FLAP
Authors: Erić M. , Mihić N. , Ravnik D. , Krivokuća D. , Mirjana M.
Published: November 2024

Breast cancer remains one of the most common malignancies in women and is one of the leading causes of cancerrelated mortality. Despite the current emphasis on breast conservation, mastectomy rates remain at 30%. Mastectomy is often associated with significant psychological sequelae including distorted body image and sexual dysfunction. Breast restoration is assumed to allow a full emotional and physical recovery from a breast cancer crisis. Autogenous tissue gives the best results, and currently the best technique in most women is probably the free DIEPflap. there is theoretically minimal functional loss, minimal risk of hernia, less postoperative pain, and shorter hospitalization. However, there is a range of options, such as other flaps and use of implants, which can be tailored to specific situations
THE ROLE OF NITRIC OXIDE PHYSIOLOGICALAND PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES THE ROLE OF NITRIC OXIDE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES
Authors: Kisić Božović B. , Mirić D. , Dragojević I.
Published: November 2024

Nitric oxide (NO) is a major messenger molecule that plays key roles in many physiological processes. NO is produced by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which catalyzes the conversion of L-arginine to L-citruline and NO. At least three isoforms of NOS have been identified and characterized, namely, neuronal NOS (nNOS), endothelial NOS (eNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS). Recent evidence indicates that most of the cytotoxicity attributed to NO is rather due to peroxynytrite, produced from the diffusion controlled reaction betwen NO and another free radical, the suproxide anion. Peroxynitrite interacts with protein, DNAand lipids via direct oxidative reactions or via indirect radical mediated mechanisms
DIFFICULT INTUBATION IN CAESAREAN SECTION
Authors: Grujić K. , Cveković M. , Relić G.
Published: November 2024

Every situation where an experienced anesthesiologist needs more than 10 minutes or three tries for putting the endotracheal tube is considered as difficult intubation. Frequency of difficult intubation in pregnant women is three to ten times bigger than general surgical population. This case report shows that it is necessary to have passable respiratory tract in case of difficult intubation in order to keep in life a woman who needs to be done Caesarean section and save mother and a newborn
HEART INSUFFICIENCY IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Marčetić Z. , Sovtić S. , Stašević Z. , Đikić D. , Antić G. , Vasić S. , Novaković T. , Rašić D. , Lazić S. , Šipić M. , Perić V.
Published: November 2024

Heart insufficiency is frequent and important complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Aim of this work was to estimate frequency, haevyness and course of heart insufficiency in patients with AMI who were different treated in initial phase of AMI, based on what they were separated in three different therapeutic groups: group treated with thrombolytic therapy, group treated with beta-blockers and group treated with nitrates. It was shown that time of admission and condition of patient in moment of admission is the key factor for choise of therapy but using of therapy making less frequency and heavyness of heart insufficiency while for cases with most difficult forms of insufficiency of heart as a pump thrombolytic therapy is practically only posible choice
VISUALACUITY IN THE PATIENTS WITH TERMINAL RENAL INSUFICIENCY
Authors: Jakšiċ V. , Mirković M. , Žorić L. , Vukša D. , Stamenković D. , Mavija M. , Đokić O.
Published: November 2024

Visual acuity in the patients who suffered from end stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD) treatment is essential prerequisite of good life quality. PURPOSE: to evaluate the prevalence and causes of visual impairment at the patients on HD. METHOD: 71 patients on HD were assessed with this study. The main outcomes were best corrected visual acuity and primary cause of visual impairment. RESULTS: statistical significance obtained for the followed refraction errors: 42 % of patients had hyperopia (p<0.000; 95% CI 0.36-0.48) and 15% of them myopia (p=0.030; 95% CI 0.11-0.19) as well as low vision (amblyopia) at 6% (p=0.024; 95%CI 0.03-0.09). CONCLUSION: it's necessarily to provide regular monitoring of all patients on HD. Prevalence of refractive errors and visual impairment is more often among patients on HD then on general population
ASSESSMENT OF MUSCLE STRENGTH IN DIFFERENT SPORTS
Authors: Popadić Gaćeša J. , Barak O. , Karaba Jakovljević D. , Drapšin M. , Biševac B.
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study was to show values of dynamometric parameters in elite athletes, and to determine and explain difference in those parameters between persons of various sport specialities and non sportsmen. In the study were included 153 participants: 123 elite athletes (17 boxers, 17 wrestlers, 27 hockey, 23 volleyball, 20 handball, 20 basketball and 19 soccer players) and 30 students, non sportsmen. Muscular strength (A) and power (P) were registrated by dynamometry. As a result of chronic adaptation to training, athletes had significantly higher values of registered parameters than non sportsmen. Lowest values of dynamometric parameters were measured in non sportsmen, at arm flexion A was 57.65 kg and power P285.60 W. Comparing results of athletes of different sport specialties, significant difference was found in values of some parameters. Dynamometric parameter at arm flexion has had the highest value in tested wrestlers 82.0kg, and lowest values were registered in soccer players, but only in absolute values. Differences in some measured parameters between groups of athletes can be explained by specific demands in different sports, during prolonged training and performance activities
EARLY CHILDHOOD CARIES - ETHIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY
Authors: Milosavljević-Milojković Z. , Martinović B. , Redžepagić S.
Published: November 2024

Dental caries (Caries Dentis) is multi cause, multi phase, and reversible disease of infectious nature. Modern understanding of caries etiology is showing that dental caries is complex disease as a result of numbers of factors which can be divided on causal (primary) and conditional (secondary) . According to this concept caries is an implication of local factors synergy (host-tooth, microorganisms, nutrition or substratum), as primal factors and a number of secondary factors which can react in various phases of teeth growth and function. Specific type of caries is early caries, characteristic for youngest age (suckling and infants). Early childhood caries ECC is a concept used to realistically describe emersion of all caries changes, in primal, milk dentitio , when caries exists on tooth at the least. This disease is becoming very serious health problem both in dental and medical way. And it should not be observed isolated like a dental problem but like a problem which affects overall child development. In Kosovo County, among children of age from 2 to 5, there is 96.7% of caries teeth, 2.3% of filled teeth and 0.7% of extracted teeth. Percentage of children with caries is statistically growing with age and is in range from 45.4% for a two years old, up to 77.2% for a five years old
RESULTS OF THE POLL RESEARCH AMONG PRIMARY HEALTH CARE DOCTORS OF SOUTH BACKA DISTRICT
Authors: Vojnović M. , Popović M. , Ivetić V. , Klašnja A.
Published: November 2024

Drugs prescription and drugs accessibility are among the most important drug use related topics. A patients questionnaire was conducted in the area of Novi Sad, Bačka Palanka, Bač, Temerin and Odžak (all in South Bačka region), because the routine medical statistics does not provide all neccessary data about the drugs availability. It is demonstrated that pressure and expectations of patients and doctor-patient relationship influence the choice of drugs to be prescribed. Positive list drugs deficiency represent a great problem, forcing patients to buy drugs in private-owned stores or abroad.
EFFICACY OF PLANT KINGDOM ON STRESS - ULCER DEVELOPING
Authors: Janićijević-Hudomal S. , Dekanski D. , Rašić J.
Published: November 2024

Despite progress in conventional pharmacology in producing effective drugs, the plant kingdom might provide a useful source of new anti-ulcer compounds for development pharmaceutical entities or, alternatively, as simple dietary adjuncts to existing therapies. Botanical compounds with anti-ulcer activity include flavonoids(i.e.quercetin, naringin, silymarin, anthocyanosides, sophoradin derivatives) saponins (i.e. from Panax japonicus and Kochia scoparia), tannins (i.e. from Linderae umbellatae), gums and mucilages (i.e. gum guar and myrrh). This article reviews the gastro-protective and anti-ulcer properties of the most commonly employed herbal medicines and their identified active constituents. Among herbal drugs, liquorice, aloe gel and capsicum (chilli) have been used extensively and their clinical efficacy documented, but тhe documented literature has centred primarily on pharmacological action in experimental animals.