bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A plea for epistemic ontologies
Authors: Kassel Gilles
Published: December 2023

In this article, we advocate the use of “epistemic” ontologies, i.e., systems of categories representing our knowledge of the world, rather than the world directly. We first expose a metaphysical framework based on a dual mental and physical realism, which underpins the development of these epistemic ontologies. To this end, we refer to the theories of intentionality and representation established within the school of Franz Brentano at the turn of the 20th century and choose to rehabilitate the notion of a ‘representation object’, as theorized by Kasimir Twardowski. We therefore propose that the categories of epistemic ontologies correspond to ‘general representation objects’. Secondly, we apply these proposals to the treatment of technical artefacts, material qualities of objects and events (notably as a continuation of our previous work on events). This leads us to sketch out a foundational epistemic ontology.
Polynomial stability of thermoelastic Timoshenko system with non-global time-delayed Cattaneo’s law
Authors: Badawi Haidar , Alsayed Hawraa
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we consider a one dimensional thermoelastic Timoshenko system in which the heat flux is given by Cattaneo’s law and acts locally on the bending moment with a time delay. We prove its well-posedness, strong stability, and polynomial stability.
Expression and promoter methylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 in tumor and marginal cells of breast cancer
Authors: Goldoost Solmaz , Zarredar Habib , Asadi Milad , Shirvaliloo Milad , Raeisi Mortaza
Published: December 2023

AIM: In the present study, we sought to explore potential differences in the expression and promoter methylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) between tumor and marginal cells of breast cancer lesions. METHODS: A total of 50 randomly selected patients with breast cancer (BCa) undergoing needle biopsy were enrolled. Clinical specimens containing both tumor and marginal cells were collected and preserved. After DNA extraction using specific primers, MAPK1 mRNA and promoter methylation were measured with spectrophotometry at 260/280 nm absorption wavelengths. To deliver a comparative analysis, data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program regarding breast cancer (BRCA), were downloaded from Xena Functional Genomics Explorer and separately analyzed. The suitability of MAPK1 expression and promoter methylation as biomarkers for BCa was analyzed with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS: We found a positive correlation between tumor stage and MAPK1 expression (P-value: 0.029) in BCa. Likewise, MAPK1 expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (P-value: 0.018). There was a significant difference in the expression of MAPK1 mRNA between tumor and marginal cells of BCa and BRCA (P-value < 0.001). However, we did not find any statistically significant difference in MAPK1 promoter methylation between tumor and marginal cells of both BCa and BRCA. With an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.71, the diagnostic accuracy of MAPK1 expression in BCa and BRCA was validated. However, MAPK1 promoter methylation was not found to be a suitable biomarker. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that while MAPK1 expression, might be a promising biomarker for evaluating oncogenic activity in patients suspected of BCa. We were not able to detect a prognostic/diagnostic role for MAPK1 promoter methylation.
Just Pathways to Sustainability: From Environmental Human Rights Defenders to Biosphere Defenders
Authors: Ituarte-Lima Claudia , Nardi Maria Andrea , Varumo Liisa
Published: December 2023

People form part of the biosphere - the biosphere being the whole intertwined network of life on Earth. While there is convergence on the need for societal change for just sustainability and a healthy biosphere, the pathways to achieve these transformations remain relatively unclear. Through legal interpretation, conceptual and thematic analysis of academic and grey literature, we seek to answer the following two questions: (a) how does the concept of Biosphere Defender enable a deeper and distinct understanding of who environmental defenders are and their role in just sustainability transformations? and (b) how does international human rights law contribute to specify the content of biosphere defenders’ rights? To address these questions, we first critically review the scope and limitations of the notion of Environmental Human Rights Defenders (EHRD) in human rights narratives in international law and policy. We examine how understandings of EHRD portray those defending their land and environment and what limitations this concept has in terms of possibilities for reflecting on transformations towards just sustainability. Second, we propose an alternative and/or complementary understanding of EHRD by using the concept of Biosphere Defenders. We also develop the Defend-Biosphere Framework to analyse the role of these actors as agents of change in pathways towards just sustainability. Third, to empirically illustrate the role of Biosphere Defenders, and the use of the Defend-Biosphere Framework we present two case studies from Latin America analyzing initiatives catalyzed by rural people who are defending their lands and territories while generating new ways to relate to socio-ecological systems and engage with the State and the economy. In both case studies, we find that relational values of solidarity, responsibility, and care (between human and other living beings) are central in understanding Biosphere Defenders’ initiatives creating pathways towards just sustainability. The findings of this article are of particular relevance to the implementation of the right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment in the context of the Escazu Agreement on access to information, public participation and access to justice in environmental matters in Latin America and the Caribbean, the Aarhus Convention on access to information, public participation and access to justice in environmental matters and the Montreal-Kunming Global Biodiversity Framework in particular Target 22 (access to information, participation, access to justice and environmental defenders) and Target 23 (gender equality).
Sex-Dependent Effects of Chronic Circadian Disruption in AβPP/PS1 Mice
Authors: Britz Jesse , Ojo Emmanuel , Haque Nazmul , Dhukhwa Asmita , Hascup Erin R. , Hascup Kevin N. , Tischkau Shelley A.
Published: December 2023

Background: Chronic disruption of the circadian timing system, often reflected as a loss of restful sleep, also includes myriad other pathophysiological effects. Objective: The current study examined how chronic circadian disruption (CD) could contribute to pathology and rate of progression in the AβPP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: A chronic CD was imposed until animals reached 6 or 12 months of age in AβPP/PS1 and C57BL/6J control mice. Home cage activity was monitored for a period of 3–4 weeks prior to the endpoint along with a single timepoint measure of glucose sensitivity. To assess long term effects of CD on the AD phenotype, animals were re-entrained to a no disruption (ND) schedule just prior to the endpoint, after which a Morris water maze (MWM) was used to assess spatial learning and memory. Results: Dampening of nighttime activity levels occurred in disrupted animals, and female animals demonstrated a greater adaptability to CD. Diminished arginine vasopressin (AVP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) levels in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of 12-month male AβPP/PS1 exposed to the CD paradigm were observed, potentially accounting for the diminished re-entrainment response. Similarly, CD worsened performance in the MWM in 12-month male AβPP/PS1 animals, whereas no effect was seen in females. Conclusions: Collectively, these findings show that exposure to chronic CD impairs circadian behavioral patterns and cognitive phenotypes of AβPP/PS1 mouse model in a sex-dependent manner.
Increased Risk of Dementia Following a Diagnosis of Hearing Impairment: A South Korean Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Park Minah , Jang Sung-In , Hurh Kyungduk , Park Eun-Cheol , Kim Seung Hoon
Published: December 2023

Background: Among the older adults, hearing impairment is a common problem and may contribute to dementia. Objective: Therefore, we aimed to examine the association between hearing impairment and the risk of dementia among older adults in South Korea. Methods: Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Senior Cohort from 2005 to 2019, we collected data of 44,728 patients. Hearing impairment was determined using the national disability registry. Propensity score matching (1:1) was performed to match patients with and without hearing impairment (case: 22,364, control: 22,364). A Cox proportional hazards regression model was built to analyze the association between hearing impairment and dementia. Results: Patients with hearing impairment had a higher risk of dementia than those without hearing impairment (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.23–1.34). Assessing the degree of disability, both severe (HR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.16–1.35) and mild conditions (HR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.23–1.35) had an increased risk of dementia, respectively. Conclusions: Older patients with hearing impairment exhibit an increased risk of dementia, thereby warranting a new approach to dementia care among these patients regardless of the degree of hearing impairment.
Alzheimer’s Disease Stage Transitions Among United States Veterans
Authors: Morin Peter , Aguilar Byron J. , Li Xuyang , Chen Jinying , Berlowitz Dan , Zhang Raymond , Tahami Monfared Amir Abbas , Zhang Quanwu , Xia Weiming
Published: December 2023

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related dementias are progressive neurological disorders with stage-specific clinical features and challenges. An important knowledge gap is the “window of time” within which patients transition from mild cognitive impairment or mild AD to moderate or severe AD. Better characterization/establishment of transition times would help clinicians initiating treatments, including anti-amyloid therapy. Objective: To describe cognitive test score-based AD stage transitions in Veterans with AD in the US Veterans Affairs Healthcare System (VAHS). Methods: This retrospective analysis (2010–2019) identified Veterans with AD from the VAHS Electronic Health Record (EHR) notes. AD stage was based on Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), or Saint Louis University Mental Status (SLUMS) Examination scores in the EHR. Results: We identified 296,519 Veterans with cognitive test-based AD staging. Over the 10-year study, the proportion of veterans with MMSE scores declined from 24.9% to 9.5% while those with SLUMS rose from 9.0% to 17.8%; and MoCA rose from 5.0% to 25.4%. The average forward transition times between each stage were approximately 2–4 years, whether assessed by MMSE, MoCA, or SLUMS. Conclusion: The average transition time for cognitive test-based assessments of initial cognitive decline, early-stage AD, and moderate/severe AD in the VAHS is 2–4 years. In view of the short window for introducing disease-modifying therapy and the significant benefits of early treatment of AD, our data suggest a critical need for treatment guidelines in the management of AD.
Congestion control method for overloaded service of smart substation under high concurrent users
Authors: Feng Kan , Yang Ke , Shi Haopeng , Jia Najuan , Zhang Pingjuan
Published: December 2023

Overload service in the communication network of smart substation will cause congestion, resulting in low overload service throughput, high congestion rate and long congestion control time in the average smart substation. A congestion control method for overloaded services in smart substations with high concurrent users is proposed. According to the characteristics of overload service request of smart substation, the mathematical model of the algorithm is defined by describing the overload service request of smart substation on the basis of network topology model. Combined with the wavelength rotation strategy, the congestion rate of overloaded services in smart substations is reduced, and the throughput rate of overloaded services in smart substations is improved. Considering the factors of high concurrent users, by judging and feeding back the congestion of the overloaded services of smart substations, the congestion control of overloaded services of smart substations under high concurrent users is realized. The experimental results show that the proposed method has better effect and scalability in the congestion control of the overloaded service of the smart substation, and can effectively shorten the congestion control time of the overloaded service of the smart substation.
Standardization of sucking patterns during breastfeeding in healthy term neonates: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Seyedkalateh P. , Mirfazeli A. , Rajabi A. , Alaee E.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND:

Nutritive disorders like sucking and swallowing problems are common in infants. The necessity for a clinical tool to assess these issues has never been more evident. This study aims to evaluate sucking patterns and standardize them in healthy neonates.

METHODS:

A cross-sectional study involving 223 neonates breastfeeding in the Maternity Ward of Shahid Sayyad Shirazi Hospital, Gorgan, Iran, from April to September 2021 was conducted. Neonatal swallowing skills (maximum sucking pressure and number of sucking actions) were assessed using a swallowing skill assessment device. The 95% confidence interval for maximal sucking pressure and the number of sucking actions within a normal distribution were estimated.

RESULTS:

Out of 223 infants, 112 (50.2%) were female, 176 (74.9%) were delivered via cesarean section, and their mean birth weight was 3154.48±371.48 grams. The maximum sucking pressure was –6.82, with a 95% confidence interval of (–13.21, –3.52) in infants. The mean number of sucking actions within a 15-second interval was 6.74, with a 95% confidence interval of (2.23, 20.37).

CONCLUSION:

Regarding this data and the high prevalence of sucking disorders in preterm infants worldwide, we can employ this information in conjunction with an oral-motor skill assessment tool to evaluate infant sucking patterns in hospitals, clinics, and during home visits.
Effectiveness of zinc protoporphyrin/heme ratio and ferritin for assessing iron status in preterm infants
Authors: Abd Almonaem E.R. , Mostafa M.A. , El-Shimi O.S. , Saeed Y.A. , Abdulsamea Sameh
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND:

Since iron is crucial for many tissue processes, we, therefore, aimed to assess ferritin and the zinc protoporphyrin to heme ratio (ZnPP/H) as indicators of iron status in preterm newborns, particularly during certain inflammatory episodes.

METHODS:

From 170 preterm babies, paired ferritin and ZnPP/H measurements were collected twice (on the first postnatal day and six weeks later). To compare these measures and assess the impact of anemia, sepsis, and packed red blood cell transfusion (PRBT), three different scenarios were considered.

RESULTS:

Compared to the non-anemic group, the anemic patients’ serum ferritin level was considerably lower ( p = 0.044), whereas the anemic patients’ ZPP/H ratio was significantly greater ( p < 0.001). In neonates with sepsis, ferritin levels were considerably greater in both anemic and non-anemic septic neonates compared to neonates without sepsis ( p < 0.001 for each). Regarding ZPP/H ratio, no appreciable variations were found between the two groups. In addition, serum ferritin significantly increased following each PRBT ( p < 0.001 for each). As a result of each PRBT, the ZPP/H ratio considerably decreased ( p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

As a measure of iron status during particular inflammatory processes like infection and PRBT, ZnPP/H may be more accurate.
Acupuncture combined with repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation for upper limb motor function after stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xie Yulong , Pan JuanHong , Chen Jia , Zhang Di , Jin Song
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Upper limb motor dysfunction after stroke is an important factor affecting patients’ motor function and daily life. Acupuncture and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation are effective methods for stroke rehabilitation. However, a systematic and comprehensive overview of the combined efficacy of the two is lacking. OBJECTIVE: Through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of acupuncture combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on upper extremity motor function in post-stroke patients. METHODS: The relevant randomized controlled trials on acupuncture combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of upper limb motor disorders after stroke were searched in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, and CBM databases. After screening clinical trials that met the inclusion criteria, data extraction was conducted independently by two investigators. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software. RESULTS: After the screening, 18 articles were included, with a total of 1083 subjects. The results of meta-analysis showed that combination therapy could effectively improve the patients’ upper limb motor function (MD = 7.77, 95%CI [6.32, 9.22], P < 0.05), ability of daily living (MD = 8.53, 95%CI [6.28, 10.79], P < 0.05), and hemiplegic shoulder pain (MD = – 1.72, 95%CI [– 2.26, – 1.18], P < 0.05). Meanwhile, for neurophysiological indexes, combined treatment could significantly shorten the latency of motor evoked potential and central motor conduction time (MD = – 1.42, 95%CI [– 2.14, – 0.71], P < 0.05); (MD = – 0.47, 95%CI [– 0.66, – 0.29], P < 0.05), and also could increase the amplitude of motor evoked potential (SMD = 0.71, 95%CI [0.28, 1.14], P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: According to the results of the meta-analysis, we can conclude that acupuncture combined with repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation can significantly improve the upper limb motor function and daily living ability of stroke patients.
Potential adverse effects of face mask use on cardiopulmonary function and thermoregulation in robotic stroke rehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kwon Yundae , Park Chanhee , Oh Wonjun , You Joshua (Sung) H.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic led to the implementation of wearing face masks and social distancing in stroke rehabilitation to prevent airborne transmission and contain the virus. The use of masks causes hypoxia and dyspnea in patients with stroke, predisposing them to other harmful medical conditions. Despite the clinical importance of the potential risk of wearing masks during robotic stroke rehabilitation, no clinical evidence is available in the literature. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of stroke robotic rehabilitation with and without using a face mask on cardiopulmonary fatigue, muscle fatigue, O2 saturation, pulse, blood pressure (BP), and temperature in healthy adults and patients with hemiparetic stroke. METHOD: A total of 30 participants, comprising 20 males and 10 females, were enrolled in a case-control study and a cross-sectional randomized controlled trial conducted at the Center for Rehabilitation Hospital. The study population included 15 individuals with hemiparetic stroke (mean age: 57.26±8.69) and 15 healthy adult controls (mean age: 30.20±9.86). All participants underwent a 30-minute familiarization session, followed by experimental masked and unmasked robotic interactive gait training (RIGT) for at least 30 minutes. Clinical tests included the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion, muscle fatigue via surface electromyography, O2 saturation, pulse, BP, and temperature. RESULTS: An analysis of covariance showed that compared to RIGT without a mask, RIGT with a mask showed adverse effects on BRPE, O2 saturation, and right rectus femoris muscle fatigue (P < 0.05) in the control and experimental groups. CONCLUSION: The clinical study revealed that compared to RIGT without a mask, RIGT with a mask affected cardiopulmonary fatigue, muscle fatigue, O2 saturation, pulse, and BP in healthy adults and participants with hemiparetic stroke.
Transcranial direct current stimulation in physical therapy treatment for adults after stroke: A systematic review
Authors: Rodríguez-Huguet Manuel , Ayala-Martínez Carmen , Vinolo-Gil Maria Jesus , Góngora-Rodríguez Pablo , Martín-Valero Rocío , Góngora-Rodríguez Jorge
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Stroke is a clinical syndrome that can cause neurological disorders due to a reduction or interruption in the blood flow at the brain level. Transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS) is a non-invasive electrotherapy technique with the ability to modulate the function of nervous tissue. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this review is to analyze the effects derived from the application of the TDCS for post-stroke patients on functionality and mobility. METHODS: The data search was conducted in PubMed, PEDro, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus between July and August 2023. The search focused on randomized clinical trials conducted in the period of 2019–2023, and according to the selection criteria, seven studies were obtained. RESULTS: The results found are mainly focused on the analysis of the scales Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Upper Extremity and Wolf Motor Function Test. CONCLUSION: The application of TDCS presents benefits in post-stroke individuals on functionality, mobility and other secondary studied variables.
White matter hyperintensity predicts independent walking function at 6 months after stroke: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Nomoto Masahiro , Miyata Kazuhiro , Kohno Yutaka
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: White matter hyperintensity (WMH) is reported to have a potential prevalence in healthy people and is a predictor of walking disability. However, WMH has not been adequately considered as a predictor of independent walking after stroke. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of WMH severity on walking function in patients with acute stroke. METHODS: The retrospective cohort study included 422 patients with acute stroke. The WMH severity from magnetic resonance images was evaluated using the Fazekas scale. Age, type of stroke, Fazekas scale, Brunnstrom motor recovery stage, Motricity Index, and Mini-Mental State Examination were used as independent variables. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted on the factors of independent walking at discharge and 6 months after onset, respectively. RESULTS: Multivariable analysis revealed that the Fazekas scale is not a predictive factor of independent walking at discharge (odds ratio [OR] = 0.89, 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 0.65–1.22), but at 6 months (OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.34–0.86). CONCLUSION: The WMH severity was a predictive factor of independent walking in patients with acute stroke after 6 months. WMH is a factor that should be considered to improve the accuracy of predicting long-term walking function in patients with stroke.
Is trunk training effective at improving ability in activities of daily living and function of people who have had a stroke? A Cochrane Review summary with commentary
Authors: Todhunter-Brown Alex
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Effective trunk control is an essential component of sitting and standing balance, and is a key requirement for movement of the head and limbs, and for carrying out functional tasks. A stroke can result in impaired trunk control, affected by stroke-related deficits in balance, muscle function, coordination and position sense. Recovery of trunk control is recognised as a key goal of stroke rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of trunk training interventions in people with stroke. METHODS: A summary of the Cochrane Review by Thijs et al. (2023), with comments from a rehabilitation perspective. RESULTS: 68 studies (2585 participants) were included in the Cochrane review. Trunk training was not found to have any benefit on measures of ADL, when compared to other dose-matched therapies, but did improve trunk function and other outcomes. Trunk training was more beneficial than non-dose-matched therapies for measures of ADL, trunk function, and other outcomes. The certainty of these findings is very low. CONCLUSION: Evidence supports the use of trunk training as part of stroke rehabilitation. However certainty in these findings is very low due to volume, quality and heterogeneity of the evidence.
Spatial and demographic distributions of personal insolvency: An opportunity for official statistics
Authors: Klingwort Jonas , Brocker Sven Alexander , Borgs Christian
Published: December 2023

German official statistics publish statistics on personal insolvency. These statistics have been recently enhanced using web scraping to extract additional information from a public website on which the insolvency announcements are published. The currently scraped data is used for quality assurance and to derive an early indicator of personal insolvency. This paper provides novel methodological analyses for the same administrative database and presents further opportunities to improve the current official statistics regarding detail and timeliness using web scraping and text mining. These newly derived statistics inform on several aspects regarding personal insolvency’s demographic and spatial distribution.
Effects of smartphone-based hypnotic intervention for undergraduate students’ shyness during the COVID-19 pandemic: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ma Lijun , Wang Huixue , Zhang Mi , Zu Zhenyue , Yang Linxi , Chen Fenglan , Wei Wenzhuo , Li Xiaoming
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, university students have been exposed to a heightened vulnerability towards developing psychological issues, such as psychological distress and shyness. Internet-based interventions offer a convenient avenue for scalability, thus prompting the development of a smartphone-based hypnotic intervention aimed at addressing shyness among university students. OBJECTIVE: We devised an innovative smartphone-based hypnotic intervention called mHypnosis to examine its impact on shyness among undergraduate students. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate whether the apprehension of negative evaluations before treatment could serve as a predictor for the effectiveness of the intervention on shyness. METHODS: Eighty students with high shyness scores were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group. Another 40 participants with low shyness score were selected as the baseline group. The Shyness Scale (SS), Fear of Negative evaluation scale (FNE), Self-Acceptance Questionnaire (SAQ), and Self-Esteem Scale (SES) were used to evaluate the effect of hypnotic intervention. RESULTS: Before the intervention, the scores of the experimental and control groups on the SS, FNE, SAQ, and SES were higher than those in the baseline group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in scores between the experimental and control group (p > 0.05). After the intervention, the scores of the SS, FNE, SAQ, and SES were significantly lower in the experimental group than those in the control group (p < 0.05). The pretest score of FNE could predict the shyness score after hypnotic intervention (B = 0.35, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Smartphone-based hypnotic intervention had a significant effect on ameliorating shyness during the COVID-19 pandemic; fear of negative evaluation can be a target for treating shyness.
Workplace aggressions on hospital workers: A current and prevalent problem with a high demand for training
Authors: Lorente Ramos L. , Rodriguez Lozano B. , Barroso Morales M.L. , Rodríguez Perez D. , Jiménez Sosa A. , Hernández Cabrera N.E. , Mora Quintero M.L. , Rodríguez Gaspar M. , Bustabad Reyes M.S. , Cueto Serrano M.M.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Workplace aggressions on hospital workers is a very frequent and under-reported problem. OBJECTIVE: The novel objective of our study was to analyze the number of workplace aggressions per hospital worker. Other objectives of the study were to analyze the management knowledge and interest in receiving training on aggressions by hospital workers. METHODS: An anonymous survey was handed out among all professionals in a university hospital. RESULTS: A total of 1118 anonymous surveys were collected. The responders declared that throughout their working life they had suffered some sort of verbal aggression in the hospital in 766 cases (68.5%) and physical aggression in 393 cases (35.2%). Multiple logistic regression analyses found higher risk of receiving physical and verbal aggression in the nursing category and in the Emergency, Critical Care or Psychiatry Units, and a higher risk of receiving physical aggression in women. The score on the level of personal knowledge regarding the legal, physical, and psychological management of aggressions (score 0–10 for each of the 3 aspects) was 2.91±2.68 in legal management, 2.97±2.77 in psychological management and 2.91±2.76 in physical management. The opinion about the interest of receiving training (score from 0 to 10) on the legal management of hospital aggressions was 8.90±1.72, on psychological management was 8.85±1.78 and on physical management was 8.88±1.78. CONCLUSIONS: Workplace aggression on hospital workers mainly affects women, the nursing category and the Emergency, Critical Care or Psychiatry Units. Hospital workers showed little knowledge on the topic but a great interest in receiving training.
Development of the self-efficacy scale in caregivers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients
Authors: Türken Askeri , Çapar Haşim , Çakmak Cuma , Kurt Mehmet Emin , Menteş Nurettin
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: It is important to measure the self-efficacy knowledge of the caregiver of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients in order to overcome the problems that arise and carry out the care process in a healthy manner. OBJECTIVE: This research was carried out to develop a self-efficacy scale in caregivers of individuals with DMD. METHODS: The study was conducted with 99 volunteer DMD caregivers to evaluate the psychometric properties of the developed scale. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed with the SPSS 25 Package Program to determine the factors of the scale. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) analysis was performed with AMOS 23 to confirm the factors obtained by EFA. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used for the internal consistency of the DMD-CSES. RESULTS: A valid and reliable scale was obtained to measure the self-efficacy of caregivers of DMD patients. CONCLUSION: Although some scales have been developed to evaluate the care burden of family members who care for patient-centered symptoms and functional changes in patients with DMD, there is no single scale that adequately describes the conditions and resources of caregivers on a global scale. The search for a definitive scale is expected to continue until a definitive treatment for the disease is found. Developing a valid and reliable scale to identify the self-efficacy, knowledge, skills and resources of caregivers with a common perspective of physicians and health management team centred on patients with DMD will be effective in practice.
Effect of vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) on anxiety and sleep disturbances among elderly health care workers in the post COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Srinivasan Vignesh , Abathsagayam Kumaresan , Suganthirababu Prathap , Alagesan Jagatheesan , Vishnuram Surya , Vasanthi Rajkumar Krishnan
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Healthcare workers (HCWs) have been significantly impacted by the pandemic. Elderly health care workers carry out a variety of duties at work and have years of clinical expertise. Anxiety and insomnia are among the more commonly encountered problems in senior physicians and other geriatric medical professional populations. OBJECTIVE: The study aims to determine the effect of vagal nerve stimulation on anxiety and sleep disturbances among geriatric medical professionals. METHODS: 42 participants were enrolled in this study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The participants were divided into two groups using the closed envelope approach, and they took part in therapy sessions lasting 30 minutes, three times per week for a period of four weeks. The Experimental group A received non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (taVNS) and Control group A received Jacobson’s progressive muscle relaxation technique. RESULTS: With a p value of 0.001, taVNS stimulation significantly improved sleep quality and reduced anxiety after 4 weeks. The post-intervention assessment revealed a highly significant improvement in Group A, with a T value of 251 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that taVNS may be an effective intervention for addressing anxiety and sleep issues in geriatric medical professionals. These results contribute to the exploration of non-invasive strategies to enhance the well-being of healthcare professionals working in demanding environments.
HOW AND WHEN ISLAMIC WORK ETHIC LEADS TO EMPLOYEE VOICE IN URBAN MUSLIM COMMUNITY?: THE ROLE OF CIVILITY CLIMATE AND ORGANIZATIONAL IDENTIFICATION
Authors: Suryani Suryani , Hendryadi Hendryadi , Itang Itang , Akhmadi Ali , Dharma Yulius , Hariani Swarmilah
Published: December 2023

The current study uncovers a new paradigm in studying employee voice using a religious approach: Islamic work ethics (IWE). The research model involves a direct relationship between IWE and employee voice, indirectly through civility climate, and a moderate effect of organizational identification in urban Muslim communities, especially in the education sector. A time-lag data-collecting method captured 278 lecturers at various Islamic universities. The PLS-SEM analysis results confirmed most hypotheses: first, the IWE positively relates to civility and employee voice. Second, the result demonstrated that civility climate plays a significant role in encouraging employee voice. However, the study did not find evidence to support civility climate's interplay role in the relationship between IWE and employee voice. Finally, the research confirmed that organizational identification is a crucial predictor and moderator of employee voice. The urban Muslim community is a diverse group, both culturally and ethnically. This diversity creates an environment that fosters positive cultural exchange and critical thought discussions regarding Islamic thought. The study's findings provide valuable insights into the relevance and implementation of IWE in urban Muslim communities, particularly in Indonesia's education sector. The proposed model has practical and theoretical implications for HR practitioners and the study of IWE in modern society and organizations.
INTERNALIZATION OF RELIGIOUS AND CULTURAL VALUES AS CAREER GUIDANCE CONTENT FOR URBAN AND RURAL MUSLIM STUDENTS’
Authors: Cahyadi Ashadi , Naser Muhammad Nikman , Ridha Ahmad Siddiq , Alfianzah Rahmat , Kusuma Bayu Mitra A
Published: December 2023

The career development tasks of urban and rural Muslim students tend to experience obstacles, especially when they are in the final semester of college. This situation and condition needs to be addressed responsively by educators and managers of career development centers in every Islamic university in particular.  Various approaches have been taken in an effort to facilitate student career development, but the limited content of career guidance has not maximized religious and cultural values systematically and comprehensively. The purpose of this study is to describe the career guidance model and examine cultural values and religion in several PTKI in the Sumatra region. The method in this research uses a qualitative approach and is analyzed using descriptive methods and content analysis.  The process of collecting data through interviews and analyzing data triangulation by comparing some field findings to expert informants. The results of this study found several religious and cultural values that can be used as content or discussion themes in the career guidance process. The results of this study found that religious values related to career or one's success are listed in QS Al-Ahzab: 70, At-Taubah: 105, An-Nahl: 78, HR. Ahmad Ibnu Abid Dunya, Ath-Thabrani, & Al-Baihaqi, HR Tirmidzi and Al- Hakim. Some cultural values that can be the content of career guidance are related to the values of honesty, enthusiasm for learning, hard work, adaptation, and understanding of human weaknesses and strengths.
THE LAWYER’S ROLE IN ENSURING PRO BONO HUMAN RIGHTS DURING MARITAL STATE IN UKRAINE
Authors: Starodubtsev Andrii , Anton Stiebieliev , Anastasiia Kupriianova
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the article is to examine tactics of individual prevention and possibilities of their application for dealing with the drug-related crimes. Results of the study allow us to draw several conclusions. Firstly, we differentiate between individual prevention of drug consumption and individual prevention of the drug-related crimes. Secondly, individual prevention is a complex system of measures, including identifying persons who consume drugs, performing control of the lifestyle of said persons and taking measures to prevent them from further drugs abuse. Thirdly, individual prevention involves a wide variety of measures, including visits by the police officer, medical oversight, and pedagogical influence. Actual measures should be chosen according to the situation, personality of the person, nature and gravity of the offences, committed by him or her, information about his or her social connections, etc. Practical implications of the study lie in the recommendations for the activities of the police aimed at ensuring efficient individual prevention of the drug-related crimes. They involve fostering cooperation with the institutions that can provide the police with information about people who partake in drugs abuse, e.g. medical institutions, NGOs, etc. Furthermore, such cooperation is useful to ensure indirect, as well as direct control over their lifestyle, aimed at limiting their connections with the negative microsocium (i.e., drug users and traffickers). Besides those measures, we stress upon the necessity of criminological influence in order to ensure efficient individual prevention, especially towards those who commit drug-related crimes.

Value/originality. The paper provides practical pieces of advice for performing individual prevention of the drug-related crimes and drug consumption by the police officers. Additionally, it provides basis for the further research of the issues of drug-related delinquencies prevention.
The role of Pharmacist in optimizing antibiotic therapy.
Impact of pharmaceutical consultations on antibiotic and antimicrobial drugs consumption
Authors: Orzechowski Daniel , Bryła Adrian , Chmal-Jagiełło Krystyna
Published: December 2023

Wstęp
Według danych Narodowego Programu Ochrony Antybiotyków około 50% zleceń antybiotyków jest niewłaściwa, a co dziesiąty hospitalizowany pacjent otrzymuje antybiotyki z nieuzasadnionych powodów. Nadużywanie leków doprowadziło do pojawienia się oporności, która w opinii Europejskiego Centrum Profilaktyki i Kontroli Chorób (ang. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, ECDC) stanowi obecnie w Polsce istotny problem kliniczny. Wydłużenie czasu hospitalizacji z powodu infekcji oraz koszty związane z antybiotykoterapią stanowią coraz większy problem finansowy. Raport Najwyższej Izby Kontroli (NIK) oszacował je w 2019 roku na 800 milionów złotych w ciągu roku.
Cel pracy
Celem pracy była ocena wpływu wprowadzonych konsultacji farmaceutycznych oraz innych elementów racjonalnej polityki antybiotykowej na zużycie
leków przeciwdrobnoustrojowych w Szpitalu Specjalistycznym im. Ludwika Rydygiera w Krakowie.
Metodologia
Ordynowane leki II i III rzutu były weryfikowane przez farmaceutę z Zespołu ds. Antybiotykoterapii podczas wydawania tych leków z Apteki Szpitalnej. Po weryfikacji zasadności antybiotykoterapii zatwierdzał wydanie leku lub dokonywał konsultacji.
Wyniki
Efektem działań prowadzonych przez zespół ds. antybiotykoterapii jest zmniejszenie ilości wydawanych leków przeciwdrobnoustrojowych II i III rzutu o 35% w ciągu 2 lat. Zmniejszenie zużycia karbapenemów w tym okresie wyniosło 51%, a zużycie dożylnych postaci fluorochinolonów obniżono o 79%.
Wnioski
Wprowadzenie prospektywnej kontroli farmaceuty nad stosowaną w Szpitalu im. Ludwika Rydygiera w Krakowie antybiotykoterapią związane było ze zmianami w strukturze i ilości wydawanych leków przeciwdrobnoustrojowych. Nie jest jasne, jaki rodzaj aktywności farmaceuty (konsultacje w zakresie antybiotykoterapii empirycznej, kontrola deeskalacji, konsultacje z zakresu terapii monitorowanej stężeniem leku) w największym stopniu przyczynił się do ograniczenia ilości wydawanych leków. Zagadnienie to wymaga dalszych badań i jest szczególnie istotne w związku z wprowadzaniem w Polsce usług farmacji klinicznej, ich oceną i standaryzacją.
METAFORA KONSEPTUAL HIDUP ADALAH CERITA PADA TULISAN BERBAHASA INGGRIS DAN INDONESIA DI MEDIA SOSIAL
Authors: Widiatmika Putu Wahyu
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi ungkapan metafora konseptual tentang kehidupan adalah cerita dan menganalisis pemetaan konsep yang menghubungkan kehidupan dan cerita dalam bahasa Inggris dan bahasa Indonesia. Sumber data penelitian diambil dari YourQuote.in sebagai sumber bahasa Inggris dan sepositif.com sebagai sumber bahasa Indonesia. Data dipilih melalui purposive sampling dengan metode dokumentasi dan teknik catat. Data dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif-kualitatif dengan penerapan teori metafora konseptual dari Lakoff dan Johnson dan teori skema citra dari Cruse dan Croft. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa baik bahasa Inggris maupun bahasa Indonesia menunjukkan pemahaman tentang kehidupan melalui konsep cerita. Hal itu dilakukan melalui pemetaan komponen sebuah cerita yang mirip dengan komponen kehidupan. Jenis metafora konseptual yang ditemukan adalah metafora struktural dan orientasional dengan skema citra identitas, skala, dan wadah.
Analisis Penggunaan Metode Altman Z- Score untuk Memprediksi Tingkat Kebangkrutan pada PT Waskita Karya Tbk
Authors: Nur'aidawati Siti - , Prihatni Rida
Published: December 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami dan menganalisis prediktabilitas kebangkrutan pada PT Waskita Karya Tbk. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan antara lain laporan keuangan PT Waskita Karya Tbk yang dapat diakses melalui website www.idx.com sebagai laporan keuangan tahun 2012 sampai dengan tahun 2021. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah metode Altman Z-Score dengan menggunakan lima rasio yaitu rasio modal kerja terhadap total aset (X1), rasio laba ditahan terhadap total aset (X2), rasio laba sebelum bunga dan pajak terhadap total aset (X3), rasio nilai buku ekuitas terhadap nilai buku total liabilitas (X4), rasio penjualan terhadap total aset (X5). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa PT Waskita Karya Tbk diperkirakan akan bangkrut antara tahun 2014 hingga 2021. Hasil Nilai Z-Score berada kurang dari atau <1,81, sehingga disimpulkan PT Waskita Karya Tbk diprediksi mengalami kebangkrutan.  The purpose of this study was to understand and analyze the predictability of bankruptcy at PT Waskita Karya Tbk. This research is quantitative descriptive. The data used includes the financial statements of PT Waskita Karya Tbk which can be accessed through the website www.idx.com as financial reports for 2012 to 2021. The analysis technique used is the Altman Z-Score method using five ratios, namely the ratio of working capital to total assets (X1), ratio of retained earnings to total assets (X2), ratio of earnings before interest and taxes to total assets (X3), ratio of book value of equity to book value of total liabilities (X4), ratio of sales to total assets (X5) . The results of this study indicate that PT Waskita Karya Tbk is expected to go bankrupt between 2014 and 2021. The Z-Score results value was less than or <1.81, so it was concluded that PT Waskita Karya Tbk was predicted to experience bankruptcy
REPRESENTASI FEMINISME LIBERAL PADA TOKOH UTAMA (GANGU) DALAM FILM GANGUBAI KATHIAWADI
Authors: Az-Zahra Zahra
Published: December 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan wujud perjuangan tokoh utama dalam memperjuangkan hak kehidupan perempuan pekerja seks dalam film Gangubai Kathiwadi. Penelitian ini menggunakan sumber data berupa dokumen video film “Gangubai Kathiawadi” yang rilis pada tahun 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan peneliti adalah teknik simak dan teknik catat dengan mendeskripsikan dialog yang mengandung unsur feminisme liberal dari film “Gangubai Kathiawadi”. Untuk menganalisis data, peneliti menggunakan teori feminisme liberal yang dirumuskan oleh John Stuart Mill dan Harriet Taylor. Hasil dari penelitian tersebut menunjukan terdapat 9 data yang merepresentasikan bentuk feminisme liberal pada tokoh Gangu. Adapun 9 data tersebut di kategorikan menjadi empat bagian yaitu bentuk perjuangan tokoh Gangu dalam memperjuangkan hak pribadi memiliki 3 data, dalam memperjuangkan hak sipil terdapat 3 data, dalam memperjuangkan pendidikan memiliki 2 data, dalam mengorbankan kepentingan pribadi demi kepentingan bersama terdapat 1 data.Kata kunci: Feminisme Liberal, Tokoh Utama, Film
“Active Longevity”: Searching for Answers to New Challenges (on the Example of the Program “Moscow Longevity”)
Authors: Kornilova M. V.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Orientation to an active (prosperous old age) is one of the global trends in the development of society, and, accordingly, an urgent topic for research. The general, positive message, however, is accompanied by challenges that arise in the process of older people's perception of “active longevity” as a way of life and as a direction of social policy. The author also examines “active longevity”" on the example of the Moscow Longevity program from two sides: positive and negative.

Methodology and sources. It was conducted 32 interviews with older Muscovites (55 and over) who have ever participated in “The Moscow Longevity” program. A secondary analysis of the available publications on the research topic based on qualitative methods was also carried out.

Results and discussion. It was found that the concept of “active aging” and “active longevity” was not the same. In the case of longevity, this is a positive process, in the case of aging negative. The blur of the age framework, forces a person, or continue to be active, or reject new requirements and then recognize himself as old. At the same time, informants do not consider themselves old and do not want them to be addressed as “elderly”, “old”. The Moscow Longevity program is perceived ambiguously, on the one hand, it provides a whole range of opportunities for active life, on the other, it also covers the initially active people of older age.

Conclusion. Active longevity is associated with challenges: the blurring of the limits of the permissibility of old age, ageism in communication, race/rejection of maintaining appearance and an active lifestyle. It is necessary to cope with them at the level of the individual, society, and the country. Being active at an older age means seeing the horizon of the future and living in an individually comfortable rhythm. The imposition of the preservation of youth and the performance of a template activity must be transformed into freedom of choice. Not everyone wants an active life, in the sense in which it is proposed by the policy of active longevity. And for those who want to be active, it is necessary to expand the possibilities of implementing the “Moscow Longevity” program.