bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monitoring and Analysis of Oil Pollution of Water Resources With Using an Intelligent Decision Support System
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Holyk Olena , Bereziuk Iryna ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Miroshnichenko Mariya ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Ismail Mohammad ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: January 2021

Oil production is increasing. This increases the number of accidents. Oil spills are increasing. Since oil has special physical and chemical properties and parameters, contamination of water resources by oil and oil products causes man-made disasters. The authors made the assumption that a robot with artificial intelligence will be used to purify the water surface from oil (oil products) by biological methods. This robot will be located directly on the ship and will monitor and analyze oil pollution. In order to carry out clean-up activities at the site of the accident, it is necessary to have information on the main parameters of oil pollution. The authors of this article propose a structure for the monitoring and analysis of oil pollution in water resources. According to this structure, analysis and monitoring must be carried out by an intelligent decision support system. An intelligent decision support system includes a database of oil pollution parameters and a knowledge base. The aim of this work is to analyze oil pollution on the water surface using an intelligent decision support system. In order to achieve this objective, the article proposes the structure of the oil pollution parameter database, which is part of an intelligent system to support decision-making on oil pollution analysis and assessment. This scheme includes the main parameters of oil pollution affecting the decision on the choice of type and quantity of treatment products for the biological treatment method. An algorithm for determining the capacity of oil spill is proposed. The main elements of the oil pollution parameters database are: type of oil products, capacity of oil spill, water flow, wave height and velocity, wind direction and speed. In future, the analysis and monitoring scheme for oil-based water pollution will be expanded to include special technical, measuring and meteorological instruments that will allow the immediate presence of the oil (oil products) spill investigate oil contamination parameters.
Sector Rasterization Method for Images on a Video Device With Mechanical Scanning
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Meleshko Yelizaveta , Bakin Dmytro ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: January 2021

The goal of this work was to create a method for sectoral rasterization for images on video devices with mechanical scanning that can be used for advertising purposes. Preparing an image for display on a machine with a mechanical sector scan requires the creation of software for transferring a classic rectangular raster to a sector raster. When implementing software for an embedded computing system of mechanical image scanning for advertising purposes, the task was to reproduce a raster image using concentrically located circles, which are divided into sectors. The ambiguity of the transition from a square to a sectorial raster lies in the variable area of the sectors as they move away from the center of the image. According to this fact, there are several sectors for each of the pixels near the central zone of the image, and several pixels for one sector to the periphery of the image. There is not possible to increase the resolution of a sector image due to hardware limitations, so a new method of sector rasterization for an image on a mechanically scanned video device was developed. The developed method combines algorithms that make it possible to transform a raster image into a sectorial raster using linear interpolation depending on the distance of the sector from the center of the image. Attention was also paid to assessing the time of the next complete revolution when starting the mechanical scanning system, which made it possible to reduce the time for obtaining a stable image from the moment the device was turned on. So, as the result of the research, the method of sectorial image rasterization was developed, as well as the algorithms that allow converting a raster image into a sectorial image were developed. Вased on the developed algorithms, the software product for an embedded image reproduction system and the software product for real-time video transmission over Wi-Fi communication with the conversion of a rectangular raster into a sector raster were created. By combining algorithms for converting a square raster to a sector one, the quality of image reproduction on a mechanically scanned video device was improved.
Information Security Challenges in the Context of the Epidemic
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Marchenko Konstantyn , Oryshaka Oleh ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Marchenko Anzhelyka ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: January 2021

The article reviewed the informational causes of diseases and the peculiarities of the influence of the mass media on human consciousness during epidemics. The aim of the research is to study the patterns of the impact of information on the human condition during epidemics and to develop safety measures when interacting with information. The impact of information on people during epidemics is increasing. The media are the main sources of information for the general consumer. Analysis of the media supplied shows that the media is destructive. The pressure on the end-user can be indirectly described by the number of messages per topic relative to the size of the news sample. Everyone has their own unique information system, In case of manipulative manipulation of the consumer, the information is prepared in order to penetrate the mind. Malicious information introduced into the mind is a Trojan virus, a Trojan program designed to change the programs that operate in the information system of the addressee. An unprotected mind is both a portal for the introduction of artificial information and a key tool for the realization of the manipulator’s goals and plans. Information viruses affect the workings of human psychic programs, which are used to deliberately reprogram human behavior through suggestion, zombie. The content of the human information system affects both health and quality of life. As the administrator of your own information system, a person needs to install network filters with rules for distinguishing between data and programs, restrict access to incoming data and access to their software. Based on the proposed approach, the following recommendations can be made to the consumer of the information: to assume the role of administrator of their information system, to be responsible for its state of affairs; filter incoming information for usability, verify data before use; respect the principle of constructive information. Information should be useful, help to solve problems, empower people and defuse tensions; avoid redundancy, information overload when the quality of filtration and security is reduced; carry out continuous background scanning and regular cleansing of its information system, identifying redundant, false information and destructive behaviour programmes; use a channel with an individual unique frequency for information exchange.
Influence of the Processes Occurring in the Movable Interfaces of the Parts of Transport Machines Under the Action of the Components of the Geomodifier on the Efficiency of Tribotechnologies of Running-in and Recovery
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Aulin Viktor , Lysenko Sergey ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Grinkiv Andriy ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Chernai Andriy ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Slon Viktor ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Lukashuk Andriy ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: January 2021

It is shown that the effectiveness of the implementation of tribotechnologies for running-in and restoration of systems and assemblies of transport machines depends on the preparation of the working environment in which the running-in of tribocouplings of parts takes place. When using a geomodifier to add to engine and transmission oil, it is important to refine the particles of its components and obtain special properties of their surfaces. The properties of the main components of the KGMT-1 geomodifier: SiO2, MgO, Al2O3, Fe2O3 are considered. Their activation during grinding and feeding into the friction zone is substantiated. The change in the size of the particles of the components of the geomodifier on the duration of the test under various operating conditions and within the limits of the strength intervals was investigated. The course of various physical processes according to nonequilibrium thermodynamics and the realization of states and processes of self-organization are considered. It was found that, depending on the degree of fragmentation, the particles of the components exhibit different activity, and therefore, different conditions for the formation of protective coatings on the working surfaces of parts and tribomechanical and tribophysical effects on particles are realized. It is shown that the latter manifests itself during the formation of defects, specific surface area, and duration of mechanical activation. It was revealed that for the materials of the KGMT-1 geomodifier components with strongly homeopolar bonds, such as SiO2, SiC, and the aluminosilicate mineral kaolinite, an amorphization process is observed. The influence of the α-Si-k-Si phase transformation in the materials of the KGMT-1 additive on the efficiency of the implementation of tribotechnologies has been determined. It is shown how physical processes in a composite oil cause tribochemical reactions and formation of coatings on the working surfaces of interfaces of parts of systems and aggregates of transport machines.
Investigation of the Heat Transfer Process in Internal Combustion Engine Cylinders
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Suvolapov Volodumur , Novitskiy Andriy ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Khmelevski Vasul ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Bustruy Oleksandr ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
Published: January 2021

The article analyzes scientific publications and literary studies of heat transfer processes in cylinders of internal combustion engines. The research of temperature fields in engines during their operation at different modes with the use of a software package and calculation module is presented. The results of modeling and thermo-metering in homogeneous and laminated engine cylinder liners are analyzed. Graphic dependencies and temperature distribution by cylinder wall thickness at maximum and minimum temperature on cylinder surface are given. On the basis of researches it is established that at laminating and pressing of inserts temperature fields in the engine cylinder change, temperature on an internal surface of the cylinder increases at laminating on 6,5 °С, and at pressing - on 4,5 °С. This is explained by the fact that the contact layer during plastification is in the zone of non-stationary mode, and when pressing the contact layer is in the zone of stationary mode and thus increases the thickness of the cylinder by 2 millimeters. It is established that the difference of minimum and maximum temperatures on the inner surface of the cylinder practically remains the same as that of a homogeneous cylinder. Thus, modeling becomes the most effective scientific tool in the development and implementation of long-term evaluation of options for improving ICE.
Problems and Prospects of Development of the International Market of Transport Services
Authors:   Lutsk National Technical University, Dubytskyi Oleksandr , Bodak Vladimir ,   Lutsk National Technical University, Kuts Nadiya ,   Lutsk National Technical University, Bulik Yuri ,   Lutsk National Technical University
Published: January 2021

The current situation in the world economy is characterized by varying degrees of development of national economies and their openness to participate in international economic relations, the saturation of trade flows at different stages of cooperation between countries, increasing passenger flows, on the one hand, and insufficient economic development. base, a small number of modern studies of the methodological basis for the functioning of the transport and logistics complex in modern science, on the other hand, cause an objective need for mentioned places, the role and importance of transport services as an important economic category. The structural shifts that determine the movement of world production and international trade are largely determined by the transformations taking place in the world transport complex. No foreign trade operation can be imagined without the participation of transport, in any case, the goods must be delivered from seller to buyer. Transport service - a service for the performance of the contract of carriage of people and goods. In the implementation of foreign trade, road transport has certain advantages over other modes of transport: maneuverability, delivery of goods "door to door"; urgency and regularity of delivery; delivery can be organized according to the system "just in time" (exactly on time); packaging (required in smaller quantities or not required at all). This article examines the trends and prospects for the development of the international market of transport services. The question of the current state of the freight market is stated. The main problems of the international market of transport services are clarified. The factors influencing the further development of the market of transport services are determined. Substantiated tasks in the field of international agreements in the field of road transport. The study allows us to consider and analyze important areas of innovative development and application of modern technologies in the field of transport. Prospects for further development of freight transportation are considered and generalized.
Improving Electrical Discharge Machining Process for Bodies of Rotation
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Bokov Victor , Sisa Oleh ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Yuryev Vasyl ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: January 2021

In modern mechanical engineering, electrical discharge machining (EDM) methods are widely used for machining bodies of rotation from difficult-to-machine materials. Those methods ensure sparing cutting and make it possible to machine any electrically conductive material irrespective of its physical and chemical properties, in particular hardness. There is a known method for dimensional machining of bodies of rotation with electric arc using a wire electrode tool that is pulled along in the machining area thus "compensating" for that tool's EDM wear and tear. The machining accuracy is therefore significantly heightened. However, when implementing this method, an effect of splashing the working fluid outside the working area of the machine and a pronounced luminous effect from the burning of the electric arc in the machining area are observed. That worsens the working conditions. In addition, when pulling the wire electrode tool along the convex surface of the electrode holder, the sliding friction arises, which eventually leads to mechanical destruction of the contact point. As a result, a deep kerf is formed on the electrode holder. When the depth of the kerf reaches the diameter of the wire electrode tool, the destruction of the electrode holder by the electric arc begins. Consequently, the durability of the electrode holder in the known method is unsatisfactory. A method of dimensional machining of bodies of rotation with electric arc using a wire electrode tool with the immersion of the machining area in the working fluid has been proposed, which makes it possible to improve the working conditions of the operator by eliminating the effect of fluid splashing and removing the luminous effect of arc burning in the machining area. In addition, it has been proposed to make the electrode holder in the form of a roller that rotates with a guide groove for the wire electrode tool, while the nozzle for creating the transverse hydrodynamic fluid flow has been proposed to be mounted in a separate fixed housing that is adjacent to the electrode holder. This technical solution replaces the sliding friction with the rolling one thus enhancing the durability of the electrode holder. Mathematical models of the process characteristics of the DMA-process (dimensional machining with electric arc) for bodies of rotation using a wire electrode tool with the immersion of the machining area in the working fluid have been obtained that make it possible to control the machining productivity, the specific machining productivity, the specific electric power consumption, and the roughness of the surface machined.
Cyberphysical Approach to the Creation, Operation and Improvement of Transport and Production Systems
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Aulin Viktor , Grinkiv Andrey ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Holovatyi Artem ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: January 2021

The content of the cyberphysical approach to the creation, functioning and improvement of transport and production systems is analyzed. It was found out how, on the basis of the approach, cyberphysical transport and production systems are created as the integration of special technologies of the Internet of Things; embedded systems; ubiquitous and cloud computing. It was revealed that cyberphysical transport and production systems have a trinitarian concept and are defined by three entities: communication, computation and control, which unites information. It is determined that the main functions of cyberphysical transport and production systems are: information processing, intelligent communications, performance and process control. A component model of such a system has been built, which includes two groups of components - evolutionary and technological. The evolutionary group of components includes subsystems: digital; integrated; robotic, intelligent distributed. These components are a kind of basis for the presence of prerequisites for the creation of transport and production systems. It is noted that the technology group of components is the basis for concrete implementations of the Internet of Things, embedded systems and ubiquitous and cloud computing. A cyberphysical system of technical service is proposed as a specific implementation of cyberphysical transport and production systems. It was determined that the modes of the proposed functional cyber system are: high adaptability; an appropriate level of efficiency; intelligence of management; high level of reliability; the use of a new on-net online simulation type; using a new type of self-verifying models; internal online optimization, etc. It is shown that the presence of intelligent models in the cyberphysical model of technical service makes the system resistant to cyberattacks and increases the degree of safety when ensuring traffic in transport and the development of an occupational safety system during maintenance and repair operations.
Specific Distribution of Thermal Effects of Graphite Forming Reactions in High-strength Cast Iron
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Kropivnyi Volodymyr , Bosyi Mykola ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Kuzyk Olexandr ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Kropivna Alena ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: January 2021

The dependence of thermal effects of reactions in the formation of inclusions of vermicular and globular graphite is substantiated in the article. The calculation of thermal effects according to the heat of formation of reagents in cast iron and their dependence on the temperature factor is given. The distribution of temperatures and carbon content in the eutectic shell is shown, increasing the compact inclusion of graphite due to diffusing carbon from the melt through the austenitic shell.
Impact Resistant Cast iron for Grinding Bodies
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Lomakin Viktor , Molokost Lyudmyla ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: January 2021

A study of the dynamic strength (impact resistance) of grinding bodies cast from low-chromium cast iron in a multi-seat chill mold depending on the chromium content in the alloy is carried out. As a starting point, cast iron of the following composition was used: carbon – 3,0%, silicon – 1,6%, manganese – 0,4%, sulfur – 0,05%, phosphorus – 0,06%. For the study, several batches of balls with a diameter of 60 mm were cast with different chromium content in cast iron, from 0 to 1%. Cast iron was smelted in a medium-frequency induction furnace, such as IChT, with the main lining on a charge of pure pig iron and steel low-carbon scrap. The temperature of cast iron production was 1500 °C. Liquid cast iron was subjected to alloying with medium carbon ferrochrome. Balls were cast in multi-seat chill molds. When tested for impact resistance, the grinding ball received a striking blow of mass 50 kg, falling from a height of 0,5 m. The frequency of application of dynamic loads was 10 beats per minute. Impact resistance was determined by the average number of impacts sustained by the grinding body prior to destruction. An increase in the impact resistance of ball castings has been established with an increase in the mass fraction of chromium in cast iron up to 1%. Moreover, the greatest increase in dynamic strength is observed with an increase in the mass fraction of chromium from 0,3% to 0,5%. With a further increase in the chromium content, the impact resistance of white low-alloy cast iron increases less noticeably, and in the presence of chromium 0,7-0,8% reaches a maximum. The difference in hardness from the surface (~ 52 HRC) to the center of the ball (~ 42 HRC) is a value of about 10 units. The established impact resistance of grinding bodies made it possible to conclude: when grinding solid rocks with high content of solid quartz, the use of low chromium cast iron as a material for grinding media is the most effective, as in terms of achieve high impact resistance, and to ensure cost-effective performance.
Effect of Plant Remains on the Tilling Machine Movable Operating Parts Abrasive Wear Rate
Authors:   Zhytomyr Agricultural and Technical College, Borak Kostiantyn
Published: January 2021

Abrasive wear is one of the most common types of wear accounting for up to 50% of all failures of machine parts. The study of laws governing the process of abrasive wear process is undoubtedly a critical task. The paper is dedicated to the effect that the chemical factor, in particular the presence of plant remains in the abrasive mass, has on the tilling machine movable operating parts abrasive wear rate. Laboratory researches were performed with the Impeller technique, while the field tests – with a multipurpose disk tiller UDA-4.5 in the conditions of the Ovruch district of Zhytomyr region (sandy loam soil). As follows from the study, the ooze of the sap (syrup) leads to an increase of the abrasive wear rate by 13,5…21,5% in the laboratory conditions. As a result, it was found that the rate of mass wear of the disk working bodies (multipurpose disk tiller UDA-4.5) on the field after corn was increased by 8% compared to the rate of wear of the disk working bodies on the field without plant residues. Results of the field tests confirm those of the laboratory studies, although the latter have demonstrated an increase in the wear rate, which is by 13,5% greater than got upon the field tests. Such a deviation is conditioned by a higher concentration of the corn crop remains in the abrasive mass during laboratory testing. Abrasive wear of the tilling machine movable operating parts may not be identified as a simple mechanical process, as the working surface wear rate may be significantly increased by the chemical factor when subject to wear in the real soil.
Reducing Production of CO2 and CH4 from Peaty Paddy Soils through Applying Slag in South Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors:   Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute, Central Java, Indonesia, Wihardjaka Anicetus , Srihayu Harsanti Elisabeth ,   Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute, Central Java, Indonesia, Pramono Ali ,   Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute, Central Java, Indonesia, Teddy Sutriadi Mas ,   Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute, Central Java, Indonesia
Published: January 2021

The change of anthropogenic peatlands to agricultural lands could have negative impacts, namely soil subsidence due to oxidation processes, and reduce the stock of soil organic carbon due to the increase of greenhouse gases (CO2 and CH4) emissions which contribute to global warming. Stability of converted peatlands could be increased through amelioration of soil by applying steel slag. A laboratory experiment was conducted with using factorial complete randomized design with ten combination treatments, including slag application, of peat soil samples collected from paddy fields in South Sumatera. This study determined the effect of steel slag application on reducing greenhouse gas (CO2 and CH4) production from cultivated peatland soils. The first factor of experimental treatment was peaty soil from 5 different locations, and the second factor was the application of steel slag. The highest production potentials of CH4 and CO2 were shown by peaty paddy soils from Kayu Agung and Plaju, respectively, while the lowest fluxes were shown by Indralaya’s peaty paddy soil. Peaty paddy soil from the Indrajaya site produced the lowest CO2 and CH4 compared with other sites. Application of steel slag ameliorant reduced CH4 and CO2 emissions by 19.24% and 18.95%, respectively, on average. Slag ameliorant also reduced acidity of peaty paddy soils.
A MENKES DISEASE CASE WITH MULTILABEL COMORBIDITIES
Authors: Alhjohani Salha
Published: January 2021

We report our case of a 15 months old male child, a product of nonconsanguineous marriage presented with increased seizure frequency more than 4 times a day with fever and upper respiratory tract infection for 1 month. He diagnosed with Menkes disease and his oldest brother died at age of 5 year due to the same disease. Menkes disease is a rare congenital disorder of copper metabolism with severe multisystemic manifestations that are primarily characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and connective tissue anomalies. He had almost the typical clinical finding but also, he had other complications which are non commonly found in such cases. As the Menkes disease is incurable disease, early diagnosis and parental counseling is very important for the mother in order to prevent getting a child with same disease.
Application of the Ecology of Human Performance in Cardiac Occupational Therapy: A Case Study
Authors:   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Fathipour-Azar Zeinab , Hejazi-Shirmard Mahnaz ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: January 2021

The theories of occupational therapy always emphasize on the relationship between a person, his or her context, and occupations or tasks. Based on these theories, proper occupational performance results from appropriate interaction between these components. There is little evidence on the clinical practice of this theory in cardiac rehabilitation. So, this study aimed to investigate the implication of the Ecology of Human Performance (EHP) in a 50 years old man with cardiovascular disease. The participant was assessed and treated at home by an occupational therapist based on EHP principles. Results indicated that the intervention based on EHP was associated with improved performance and satisfaction of performance as well as independence in the activities of daily living. So, occupational therapists can use EHP to provide client-centered interventions and improve the occupational performance of clients with cardiovascular diseases. However, further studies with more methodological rigor are needed on this topic.
Effectiveness of Happiness Training on the Pattern of Parent-Child Relationships and the Hope of Parents With Autistic Children
Authors:   Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Research Development Unit (CRDU), Moradi Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran., Agha Mohammad Hasani Parvin , Sheikh Fathollahi Mahmood ,   Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Environment Research Center, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran., Gerami Fard Asal ,   Clinical Research Development Unit (CRDU), Moradi Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran., Mokhtari Mohammadreza ,   Department of Psychology and Education, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Families of children with special needs face many problems. This study aimed to investigate happiness training on the pattern of parent-child relationships and the hope of parents with autistic children. Methods: Twenty-six couples with autistic children who referred to Rafsanjan Autism Clinic, Rafsanjan City, Iran, were enrolled in the study by the census method. Informed consent was obtained from them. Then the parents completed the Schaefer and Edgerton Parent-Child Interaction Questionnaire (1985) and Miller Hope Scale (1988). Next, parents were randomly assigned to the intervention or control groups. Happiness training based on the Fordyce method was performed for eight 1.5-hour sessions per week for the intervention group. The parents of either group completed the questionnaires after training of the intervention group (about 2 months and 3 months later). The Chi-square test, independent t-test, and 2-way repeated-measures ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: The results of the analysis showed that the changes in the scores of communication (P=0.013), acceptance (P=0.008), control (P=0.005), independence (P=0.040), aggressive non-attachment (P=0.015), and hope (P=0.010) were significant between the two groups at stages of measurement. The scores of all variables increased but the aggressive non-attachment decreased. Discussion: The education of happiness in Fordyce style influenced the interactive pattern of communication and hope of parents with autistic children. Therefore, training of happiness along with other services available to parents of autistic children can also be considered.
Assessment of Noise Pollution of Kolkata Metro Railway System and Its Impact on Urban Receptors A Case Study
Authors: Guha Argha Kamal , Chowdhury Anirban Kundu , Debsarkar Anupam , Chakrabarty Shibnath
Published: January 2021

An assessment of noise quality was conducted at underground and overground metro stations, within the metro rakes (AC and Non-AC) and at an institutional building near elevated metro corridor to assess the exposure of Kolkata Metro Railway System. The present study was conducted in different hours (peak and non-peak hour) for different types of rake (AC and Non-AC) movement. Different noise descriptors including A-weighted equivalent noise (Leq), statistical noise (L10,L50,L90), noise climate (NC), traffic noise index (TNI), two hour noise dose (%ND) and corresponding time-weighted average (TWA) were calculated under the purview of the present study. Pearson’s correlation was performed between all noise descriptors to investigate the relation between them. Scatter plot analysis was conducted between L10 and %ND. In case of all study duration, all noise descriptors mostly exceeded FTA prescribed noise standard, along with 2-hr TWA which exceeded the OSHA guidelines of 100 dB for both AC and Non-AC rakes. On the other hand, at underground and overground metro stations, within metro rakes (except at day peak hour within AC coach) and at school building, mean value of traffic noise index (TNI) exceeded 74 dB (A), the threshold of over criterion. The study results indicate that Non-AC rakes are more annoying than AC-rakes. In all the study units, Leq was influenced by L10, which originates from pressure honking. There is very strong relationship observed between L10 and % ND. This study proposes that noise barrier should be installed at underground and overground metro stations, along the stretches of overground metro track, within metro rakes for developing the acoustic quality of Kolkata Metro Railway System and the areas of its immediate vicinity.
Impacto da Residência Médica Sobre a Assistência Cirúrgica Oncológica em um Hospital Universitário Brasileiro
Authors: Batista Thales Paulo , Reis Tarcísio José Cysneiros da Costa , Lucena Márcia Angélia de , Ehrhardt Rogério de Assunção , Araújo Rodrigo Guido de , Brandão Paulo Henrique Domingues Miranda
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o impacto da criação do programa de Residência Medica (RM) em Cancerologia Cirúrgica do Centro de Oncologia do Hospital Universitário Oswaldo Cruz, Universidade de Pernambuco (CEON/HUOC/UPE). Métodos: Realizou-se estudo transversal com analise tipo coorte retrospectivo para comparação dos períodos pré e pôs-RM, usando variáveis numéricas relacionadas a assistência prestada como desfechos primários. Explorou-se, também, a produção acadêmica do Serviço. Resultados: Observou-se um aumento de 9% no numero de cirurgias realizadas, bem como uma redução de 15% no numero de hospitalizações apos o inicio do programa de RM em avaliação. Houve um aumento estatisticamente significativo da proporção de cirurgias realizadas para o tratamento de doenças malignas no período pôs-RM (59% vs. 70%; p<0,001), sem mudanças na proporção destes procedimentos segundo seus níveis de complexidade (p=0,999) ou áreas de atuação da especialidade de cancerologia cirúrgica (p=0,301). A produção acadêmica do Serviço em estudo aumentou promissoramente no segundo período. Conclusões: Este estudo sugere que a criação do programa de RM em Cancerologia Cirúrgica do CEON/HUOC/UPE influenciou positivamente sua assistência cirúrgica oncológica e produção acadêmica; no entanto, mais estudos seriam necessários para confirmar uma estrita relação de causa-efeito. Esta abordagem também serviu para valorizar a RM como um importante modelo de formação de novos cirurgiões e poderia ser usada como um modelo para avaliação dos programas de RM em diferentes especialidades cirúrgicas.
Conhecimento de Profissionais da Enfermagem sobre Fatores que Agravam e Aliviam a Dor Oncológica
Authors: Alves Vanessa Souza , Santos Tamires Saniely dos , Trezza Maria Cristina Soares Figueiredo , Santos Regina Maria dos , Monteiro Fernanda Silva
Published: January 2021

Introdução: Avaliação inadequada da dor e desconhecimento sobre as estratégias disponíveis para o seu controle são fatores que podem dificultar o manejo desse sintoma. Objetivo: Avaliar o nível de conhecimento de profissionais da enfermagem sobre fatores que agravam e aliviam a dor. Método: Utilizou-se um método quantitativo com um questionário aplicado a todos os profissionais de enfermagem (57) dos setores que atendiam pacientes de oncologia em um hospital universitário, sendo 26% (15) enfermeiros, 32% (18) auxiliares e 42% (24) técnicos. Esse instrumento continha duas partes: a primeira composta de questões abertas e subjetivas e a segunda de questões fechadas e objetivas. O nível de conhecimento foi avaliado a partir do número de opções assinaladas na segunda parte do questionário, com base numa escala de medida pré-estabelecida. Resultados: Todos os participantes citaram e reconheceram fatores que agravam e aliviam a dor, sendo os de agravo mais relevantes: ansiedade, depressão, medo e raiva; e os de alívio: atenção, relaxamento, distração e massagens. Assim, 42% (24) dos profissionais de enfermagem apresentavam em relação aos fatores que agravam a dor um nível elevado de conhecimento, 30% (17) nível médio e 28% (16) nível regular; e, quanto aos fatores que aliviam, 60% (34) tinham nível elevado de conhecimento, 26% (15) nível médio e 14% (08) nível regular. Conclusão: Compreende-se ser necessário um melhor preparo do profissional para o cuidado prestado a pacientes com dor oncológica para que haja uma adequada avaliação e registro desta, objetivando melhores resultados no manejo da dor, atrelando-se conhecimento e ação.
Romatoid Artrit Hastalarının Metotreksat Kullanımı ile İlgili Farkındalıkları
Authors: COSKUN Belkis Nihan , YAĞIZ Burcu , PEHLİVAN Yavuz , DALKILIÇ Hüseyin Ediz
Published: January 2021

Çalışmanın amacı, Romatoid artrit (RA) tedavisinde standart ilaç olan metotreksat (MTX) ile ilgili RA hastalarının bilgilerini bir anket aracılığıyla değerlendirmektir. Ağustos-Ekim 2017 tarihinde bir üniversite hastanesinde RA tanısı ile MTX kullanan hastalardan, MTX’in etki mekanizması, uygulama şekli, ilaç etkileşimi, yan etkileri, hastaların izlenme sıklığı ve yapılması gereken yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri ile ilgili soruları içeren anketi yanıtlamaları istendi. Yüz altmış iki hasta (144 kadın) çalışmaya dahil edildi. Ortalama hasta yaşı 52 (18-77), ortalama hastalık süresi 10.3 (1-40) yıl ve ortalama MTX kullanma süresi 7,1 (1-38) yıl idi. MTX’in hastalığı düzenleyen antiromatizmal bir ilaç olduğunu %50 hasta doğru yanıtladı. Uygulama sıklığının haftalık olduğunu %85; folik asid kullanma gerekçesinin, tedavi toksisitesini azaltmak olduğunu ise %19 hasta belirtti ve yine sadece %11’i trimetoprimin kontraendike olduğunu biliyordu. Hematolojik risklerden %11’i haberdardı ve %11’i aşırı duyarlılık pnömonisi riskinin farkındaydı. Laboratuvar testleri ile ilgili %51’inin bilgisi vardı. Doğurganlık çağında kadın ve erkeklerin MTX kullanırken kontrasepsiyon kullanması gerekliliğini bilenler %20 idi. %34’ü alkol tüketiminin sınırlı olması gerektiğini belirtti. Erkekler ve eğitim seviyesi yüksek olanlar istatistiksel olarak daha yüksek oranda doğru cevap verdi (p=0.019, p=0.000). Günlük pratikte RA hastalarında sıklıkla kullanılan MTX hakkında hastaların yetersiz bilgiye sahip olduğu görüldü. Özellikle ciddi yan etkiler, ilaç etkileşimleri ve doğum kontrolü gibi önemli konularda eksiklikler vardı. MTX’e ilişkin hasta bilgisi farklı eğitim araçlarını kullanarak düzenli olarak kontrol edilmeli ve desteklenmelidir.
ФОРМУВАННЯ КОНКУРЕНТНИХ ПЕРЕВАГ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ СФЕРИ ТУРИЗМУ
Authors: Чергінець Валерія , Примак Тетяна
Published: January 2021

У нинішніх умовах нестабільної економіки, яка постраждала через пандемію COVID-19, конкурентні переваги і стратегії їх досягнення являють собою практичний інтерес для туристичних підприємств і виступають невід'ємним елементом формування загальної виробничої стратегії в цілому. У статті проаналізовано концепції як вітчизняних дослідників проблеми конкурентоспроможності підприємств, так і зарубіжних вчених. Перераховано фактори, які мають вплив на формування конкурентних переваг підприємства. Розглянуто зміни у конкурентній ситуації в туристичній галузі, викликані сучасним станом внаслідок пандемії COVID-19. Особливу увагу приділено напрямкам досягнення конкурентних переваг, або діловим стратегіям, які можуть застосовуватися туристичними підприємствами. За результатами дослідження, автори приходять до висновку, що чітке формулювання, визначення, реалізація конкурентних переваг і вибір конкурентної стратегії, а також всебічний аналіз факторів, що впливають на конкурентні переваги, забезпечить конкурентоспроможність підприємства на ринку туристичних послуг.
Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter Melalui Model Pembelajaran​ Discovery Learning Di Mim Pasir Lor Karanglewas Banyumas
Authors: Andriani Ana , Wakhudin Wakhudin
Published: January 2021

Artikel ini membicarakan tentang penerapan model pembelajaran discovery learning dalam proses pembelajaran sebagai implementasi dari pendidikan karakter pada siswa Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah Pasir Lor Kec Karanglewas Kabupaten Banyumas. Realitas empirik memperlihatkan bahwa kondisi saat ini sangat memprihatinkan, banyak kasus di lingkungan masyarakat mengindikasikan menurunnya kualitas karakter peserta didik di sekolah saat ini. Pelanggaran norma bukan sekedar kesopanan kesusilaan, namun dapat meningkat pada pelanggaran hukum dan Agama. Banyak faktor yang menjadi penyebab terjadinya pelanggaran-pelanggaran itu, diantaranya adalah perkembangan teknologi informasi yang semakin canggih, perubahan gaya hidup yang sangat dinamis, kesibukan orang tua yang semakin tinggi yang menyebabkan perhatian terhadap anak-pun berkurang, menjadi faktor-faktornya. Pendidikan Karakter menjadi pendidikan yang sangat penting saat ini guna menumbuhkan karakter baik yang sebagai bagian dari softskill yang sangat berguna dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Pendidikan karakter dapat disisipkan dalam pembelajaran apapun namun dengan model pembelajaran yang menyenangkan. Satu pernyataan bahwa tidak ada satu obat mujarab-pun di dalam dunia pendidikan, dapat dimaknai bahwa ada banyak ragam yang dapat digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran untuk tercapainya tujuan pendidikan nasional. Implementasi pendidikan karakter di sekolah dapat dilakukan dengan model pembelajaran yang disesuaikan dengan konten pengetahuannya. Model discovery learning diharapkan mampu menjadi model pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan karakter peserta didik.
BOOKTAXDIFFERENCESINLARGETRADINGSUB-SECTORCOMPANIES
Authors: Ilmiyono Agung Fajar , Indrayono Yohanes , Hurriyaturrohman Hurriyaturrohman , Salsabila Sharah
Published: January 2021

Taxes play a very important role as a source of state revenue. The existence of corporate obligations as corporate taxpayers results in the implementation of bookkeeping compiled based on General Provisions and Tax Procedures. The purpose of this study is (1) To explain the application of PSAK 46 regarding income tax accounting in large trading subsector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. (2) To explain the application of the income tax laws to large trading subsector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. (3) To explain the differences between commercial profits and fiscal profits after a fiscal reconciliation (correction) is made to a large trading subsector company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (4) To explain the comparison of compliance rates of large trading sub-sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016 -2018 in the Income Tax ActThis research was conducted on large trading sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016 -2018. Samples used in this study were 6 companies. Samples were selected using the purposive sampling method. The analytical method used in this research is descriptive non statistic which functions as an analyzer of the collected data.The results of the study show that in the large trading sub-sector companies that have been analyzed, there are parts of deductible expenses to be used as non-deductible expenses, there is a lot of reserve fund fertilization so that it cannot reduce fiscal profit and there are companiesthat have participated in tax amnesty so that they get a profit on tax that should be owed. Related to the phenomena presented in the background of the study, the tax revenue from the wholesale trade sub-sector is not only from Income Tax Article 22 Imports, but from aspects of costs that cannot reduce fiscal profits (nondeductible expenses) included in Article 9 of the Tax Law Income so that the more costs that cannot be reduced in fiscal profit, the greater the tax burden owed. After a comparison, the fiscal reconciliation of PT Lautan Luas Tbk is a company that meets the Income Tax Act regulations.
ANALISIS BREAK EVEN POINT SEBAGAI ALAT PERENCANAAN LABA PADA PD RAHMAT MA
Authors: Rumiasih N.A , - Yudiana , Pratiwi Sakinah Sarita Dian
Published: January 2021

A company runs its own business merely to obtain and to gain an advantage and profit. The profits amount obtained is presumed as an indicator of both success and failure of company through its management performance. Therefore, It is essential for the management to have their profit planned anually. Applying break-even point analysis tools is one of the way taken in planning the profit. Determining the magnitude of break-even point applied and profit planning achieved by PD Rahmat MA in 2017 and 2018 was the aim of this study. The data used is based on sales, fixed costs and variable costs in 2017 and 2018. The results taken through this research shows that the costs spent each year increase as production and income increase as well. The performance of the company has considerably optimized in order to improve sales to be over the break-even point. Profit planned is 20%, yet surprisingly the company has somehow exceeded the target of expected profit.
APAKAH PELANGGARAN ETIKA MENJADI PENYEBAB TERJADINYA FRAUD DAN KEGAGALAN BANK PERKREDITAN RAKYAT (BPR)?
Authors: Ashari Hasan , Nugrahanti Trinandari Prasetyo
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan apakah pelanggaran etika menjadi penyebab fraud dan kegagalan bank yang terjadi pada Bank Perkreditan Rakyat (BPR) di Indonesia menurut perspektif auditor yang pernah melakukan penugasan audit di bank dalam likuidasi. Penelitian ini mengambil sampel 9 (Sembilan) auditor yang memiliki kompetensi dan kapabilitas untuk memberikan informasi dan fakta-fakta yang terjadi sesuai hasil audit yang dilakukan di BPR dalam likuidasi. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ialah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analisis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa Prosedur audit utama yang dilakukan auditor dalam audit neraca penutupan (NP) yang dapat mengetahui dan/atau membuktikan adanya pelanggaran etika di Bank Perkreditan Rakyat adalah prosedur konfirmasi. Sedangkan pelanggaran etika menjadi penyebab utama terjadinya kegagalan bank adalah buruknya tata kelola BPR. Pelanggaran etika yang bersifat administratif maupun bukan administratif menjadi penyebab yang kuat terjadinya fraud dan kegagalan bank. Namun demikian pelanggaran etika bukan penyebab langsung terjadinya fraud di BPR, karena pelanggaran etika dapat bersifat administratif yang tidak menyebabkan terjadinya fraud. Fraud muncul tidak semata-mata karena pelanggaran etika namun dapat disebabkan hal lain yang bukan termasuk pelanggaran etika. Kata Kunci: Etika, Kegagalan bank, Audit Bank Dalam Likuidasi
PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK DEWAN KOMISARIS TERHADAP KOMPENSASI MANAJEMEN PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR DI INDONESIA
Authors: Zulma Gandy Wahyu Maulana
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empiris mengenai pengaruh karakteristik dewan komisaris sebagai fungsi pengawasan dalam menentukan besaran kompenssasi pada perusahaan di Indonesia. Populasi dan sampel pada  penelitian ini merupakan perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di bursa efek Indonesia yang diseleksi dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling, sehingga diperoleh sebanyak 252 sampel observasi untuk periode 2018-2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik dewan komisaris yang dilihat berdasarkan aspek ukuran dewan komisaris terbukti berpengaruh positif terhadap besaran kompensasi manajemen perusahaan. Selain itu, penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa independensi dewan komisaris berpengaruh negatif terhadap besaran kompensasi manajemen perusahaan.Kata kunci : Independensi dewan komisaris, Kompensasi manajemen, dan Ukuran dewan komisaris.