bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Hot Deformation Temperature on Texture Formation Regularity of CGO Silicon Steel under High Deformation Rate
Authors: Li Zhi-chao , Dang Ning , Mi Zhen-li
Published: August 2016

The influence of hot deformation temperature on microstructure and texture of CGO silicon steel under the condition of a high deformation rate (100 s-1) was studied by SEM and EBSD techniques. The results indicate that the typical microstructures at room temperature consist of ferrite and pearlite under different hot deformation temperatures. The higher deformation temperature is beneficial to obtain a more uniform recrystallization microstructure and lower pearlite content. Cubic texture{100}001and rotated cubic texture{100}011are dominant texture components in the tested steels, and{111}112texture inγfiber is also strong, the intensity of which is higher than that of{111}110texture. Goss texture{110}001is weak. With the rising of the hot deformation temperature,{100}011texture decreases firstly and then increases at 1100°C. When the hot deformation temperature raises from 800°C to 900°C,{111}112texture shows an increasing trend, while{111}110texture content is stable. When the temperature further increases to 1100°C and 1150°C,{111}112and{111}110textures are slightly weakened.
Decentralized Control of a Group of Homogeneous Vehicles in Obstructed Environment
Authors: Pshikhopov Vyacheslav , Medvedev Mikhail , Kolesnikov Alexander , Fedorenko Roman , Gurenko Boris
Published: August 2016

The presented solution is a decentralized control system with a minimal informational interaction between the objects in the group. During control and path planning the obstacles are transformed into repellers by the synthesized controls. The main feature distinguishing the developed approach from the potential fields method is that the vehicle moves in the fields of forces depending not only on the mutual positions of a robot and an obstacle but also on the additional variables allowing solving the problem of robot’s path planning using a distributed control system (Pshikhopov and Ali, 2011). Unlike the work by Pshikhopov and Ali, 2011, here an additional dynamic variable is used to introduce stable and unstable states depending on the state variables of the robot and the neighboring objects. The local control system of each vehicle uses only the values of its own speeds and coordinates and those of the neighboring objects. There is no centralized control algorithm. In the local control algorithms the obstacles are represented as vehicles being a part of the group which allows us to unify the control systems for heterogeneous groups. An analysis was performed that proves existence and asymptotic stability of the steady state motion modes. The preformed simulation confirms the synthesis and analysis results.
Anisotropic Thermal Expansion of Zirconium Diboride: An Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Diffraction Study
Authors: Paxton William A. , Özdemir Tevfik E. , Şavklıyıldız İlyas , Whalen Terence , Biçer Hülya , Akdoğan Enver Koray , Zhong Zhong , Tsakalakos Thomas
Published: August 2016

Zirconium diboride (ZrB2) is an attractive material due to its thermal and electrical properties. In recent years, ZrB2 has been investigated as a superior replacement for sapphire when used as a substrate for gallium nitride devices. Like sapphire, ZrB2 has an anisotropic hexagonal structure which defines its directionally dependent properties. However, the anisotropic behavior of ZrB2 is not well understood. In this paper, we use energy-dispersive synchrotron X-ray diffraction to measure the thermal expansion of polycrystalline ZrB2 powder from 300 to 1150 K. Nine Bragg reflections are fit using Pseudo-Voigt peak profiles and used to compute the a and c lattice parameters using a nonlinear least-squares approximation. The temperature-dependent instantaneous thermal expansion coefficients are determined for each a-axis and c-axis direction and are described by the following equations: αa = (4.1507×10-6 + 5.1086 × 10-9(T-293.15))/(1+4.1507 × 10-6(T-293.15) + 2.5543×10-9(T-293.15)2) and αc = (4.5374×10-6 + 4.3004×10-9(T-293.15))/(1+4.5374×10-6(T-293.15) + 2.1502×10-9(T-293.15)2). Our results are within range of previously reported values but describe the temperature anisotropy in more detail. We show that anisotropic expansion coefficients converge to the same value at about 780 K and diverge at higher temperatures. Results are compared with other reported values.
Impulsive Control on Seasonally Perturbed General Holling Type Two-Prey One-Predator Model
Authors: Banerjee Chandrima , Das Pritha
Published: August 2016

We investigate the dynamical behaviors of two-prey one-predator model with general Holling type functional responses. The effect of seasonal perturbation on the model has been discussed analytically as well as numerically. The periodic fluctuation is considered in prey growth rate and the predator mortality rate of the model. The impulsive effects involving biological and chemical control strategy, periodic releasing of natural enemies, and spraying pesticide at different fixed times are introduced in the model with seasonal perturbation. We derive the conditions of stability for impulsive system using Floquet theory, small amplitude perturbation skills. A local asymptotically stable prey (pest) eradicated periodic solution is obtained when the impulsive period is less than some critical value. Numerical simulations of the model with and without seasonal disturbances exhibit different dynamics. Also we simulate numerically the model involving seasonal perturbations without impulse and with impulse. Finally, concluding remarks are given.
A Kinetic and Mechanismic Study of Plasma-Induced Degradation of Monochloropropionic Acids in Water by Means of Anodic Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis
Authors: Yang Haiming , Zhao Xiaotong , An Baigang , Li Lixiang , Wang Shaoyan , Ju Maowei
Published: August 2016

Decomposition of aqueous monochloropropionic acids (MCPAs) was investigated by means of anodic contact glow discharge electrolysis (CGDE). With the decay of MCPAs, the corresponding total organic carbon (TOC) also decreased smoothly. Furthermore, it was found that chlorine atoms in the MCPAs were released as chloride ions. As the main by-products, oxalic acid and formic acid were detected. The acetic acid (CA), monochloroacetic acid (MCA), and propanedioic acid (PDA) were also detected as the primary intermediates for decomposition of the corresponding MCPAs. The decay of both MCPAs and TOC obeyed the first-order kinetics, respectively. The apparent rate constant for the decay of MCPAs increased with the increase inpKavalues of MCPAs, while that for the decay of TOC was substantially unaffected. The reaction pathway involving the successive attack of hydroxyl radical and the carbon chain cleavage were discussed based on the products and kinetics.
On the Definition of Energy for a Continuum, Its Conservation Laws, and the Energy-Momentum Tensor
Authors: Arminjon Mayeul
Published: August 2016

We review the energy concept in the case of a continuum or a system of fields. First, we analyze the emergence of a true local conservation equation for the energy of a continuous medium, taking the example of an isentropic continuum in Newtonian gravity. Next, we consider a continuum or a system of fields in special relativity: we recall that the conservation of the energy-momentum tensor contains two local conservation equations of the same kind as before. We show that both of these equations depend on the reference frame and that, however, they can be given a rigorous meaning. Then, we review the definitions of the canonical and Hilbert energy-momentum tensors from a Lagrangian through the principle of stationary action in general space-time. Using relatively elementary mathematics, we prove precise results regarding the definition of the Hilbert tensor field, its uniqueness, and its tensoriality. We recall the meaning of its covariant conservation equation. We end with a proof of uniqueness of the energy density and flux, when both depend polynomially on the fields.
Renalase Secreted by Human Kidney HEK293T Cells Lacks its N-Terminal Peptide: Implications for Putative Mechanisms of Renalase Action
Authors: Fedchenko Valerii , Kopylov Arthur , Kozlova Nadezhda , Buneeva Olga , Kaloshin Alexei , Zgoda Victor , Medvedev Alexei
Published: August 2016

Background/Aims: Renalase is a recently discovered flavoprotein involved in regulation of blood pressure. Altered renalase levels have been found in blood of patients with end stage renal disease. The antihypertensive effect of circulating renalase is attributed to putative FAD-dependent monoamine oxidase activity demonstrated by some authors. Being synthesized as an intracellular flavoprotein renalase requires the presence of its N-terminal peptide for FAD accommodation. However, conventional routes of export of secretory proteins outside the cell usually include cleavage of their N-terminal peptide. The aim of this study was to investigate whether renalase is secreted by НЕK293T cells as a full length protein (via proposed nonconventional pathway) or its export is accompanied by the loss of its N-terminal peptide. Methods: We have expressed human recombinant renalase-1 in human kidney НЕK293T cells and analyzed this protein inside the cells and in the extracellular medium for the presence of the N-terminal peptide by using high resolution targeted MS/MS. Results: Intracellular renalase contained clearly detectable N-terminal peptide, which was absent in extracellular renalase. Conclusions: Lack of the N-terminal peptide, the structural precondition for FAD binding, suggests that extracellular (circulating) renalase acts in a FAD-independent manner and mechanisms of its action are not associated with FAD.
Signal Intensity of Superb Microvascular Imaging Correlates with the Severity of Acute Cholecystitis
Authors: Tomizawa Minoru , Shinozaki Fuminobu , Motoyoshi Yasufumi , Sugiyama Takao , Yamamoto Shigenori , Ishige Naoki
Published: August 2016

Evaluation of the severity of acute cholecystitis is critical for the management of this condition. Superb microvascular imaging (SMI) enables the assessment of slow blood flow of small vessels without any contrast medium. An 84-year-old man visited our hospital with right upper abdominal pain. Computed tomography and abdominal ultrasonography showed a slight thickening of the gallbladder. White blood cell count and C-reactive protein levels were elevated. He was diagnosed with acute cholecystitis and treated conservatively with antibiotics. Two days later, his condition worsened and percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGBD) was performed. The patient recovered and was discharged, and his drainage was withdrawn 7 days later. On admission, color-coded SMI (cSMI) showed pulsatory signals on the slightly thickened gallbladder wall. On the day of PTGBD, the intensity of the signal on cSMI had increased. Once the patient was cured, no further signal was observed on the gallbladder wall with either cSMI or mSMI. In conclusion, the strong pulsatory signal correlated with the severity of acute cholecystitis observed with cSMI and mSMI. Illustrating the signal intensity is useful for the evaluation of the severity of acute cholecystitis.
Concepts and Misconceptions about the Polygenic Additive Model Applied to Disease
Authors: Visscher Peter M. , Wray Naomi R.
Published: August 2016

It is nearly one hundred years, since R.A. Fisher published his now famous paper that started the field of quantitative genetics. That paper reconciled Mendelian genetics (as exemplified by Mendel's peas) and the biometrical approach to quantitative traits (as exemplified by the correlation and regression approaches from Galton and Pearson), by showing that a simple model of many genes of small effects, each following Mendel's laws of segregation and inheritance, plus environmental variation could account for the observed resemblance between relatives. In this review, we discuss a number of concepts and misconceptions about the assumptions and limitations of polygenic models of common diseases in human populations.
Minimally Modified LDL-Induced Impairment of Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation in Small Mesenteric Arteries of Mice
Authors: Chen Gen , Wang Jun-Jie , Xu Cang-Bao , Cao Lei , Lin Jie , Qing Xu-Ping , Liu Si-Yu , Liu En-Qi , Li Jie
Published: August 2016

Minimally modified low-density lipoprotein (mmLDL) is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The present study was designed to investigate the role of mmLDL in the endothelium-dependent relaxation of mouse mesenteric arteries. A sensitive myograph system was employed to examine the endothelial function of mesenteric arteries. mRNA and protein expression levels were determined using real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The ultramicrostructure of mesenteric vascular beds was investigated using a transmission electron microscope. The results showed that mmLDL significantly impaired the acetylcholine-induced (3 × 10−10 to 1 × 10−4M) endothelium-dependent relaxation of mouse mesenteric arteries with markedly reduced pIC50 (p < 0.05) and Rmax values (p < 0.001). In addition, mmLDL increased the levels of superoxide production and nitrotyrosine concentration and impaired the endothelial microstructure with decreased KCa3.1 and KCa2.3 expression. In conclusion, mmLDL increases superoxide and nitrotyrosine levels, damages endothelial microstructure with decreased KCa3.1 and KCa2.3 expression, and ultimately attenuates relaxation mediated by nitric oxide- and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor.
Combined Analysis of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression with Cyclooxygenase-2 and Mast Cell Density in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Akbarzadeh Baghban Alireza , Taghavi Nasim , Shahla Maryam
Published: August 2016

Background: Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and increasing mast cell density (MCD) in premalignant and malignant oral lesions have been documented. However, their correlation with clinicopathologic parameters and survival rate in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is not completely clear. This study aimed to assess these subjects. Methods: VEGF, COX-2, and mast cell tryptase expression were examined immunohistochemically in 57 cases of OSCC. The relationships between the markers' expression and clinicopathologic data were assessed using bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Spearman's rank correlation coefficient showed a significant correlation between VEGF and COX-2 expression (r = 0.462, p < 0.001), as well as between VEGF expression and MCD (r = 0.306, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed no significant correlation between the markers' immunoexpression and overall survival (OS), but a significant correlation between mode of invasion and OS [hazard ratio 0.362 (95% CI: 0.138- 0.974); p = 0.038] was observed. An association between MCD and gender (p = 0.042) was also found, as MCD was higher in males. Conclusion: The significant correlation of VEGF expression with COX-2 expression and MCD may represent the roles of COX-2 and MCD in tumor angiogenesis by modulating VEGF production. However, VEGF, COX-2, and MCD are not useful indicators to predict prognosis in OSCC. Nevertheless, the mode of invasion can be considered as an independent prognostic factor in OSCC patients.
Assessment of the Effects of Rituximab Monotherapy on Different Subsets of Circulating T-Regulatory Cells and Clinical Disease Severity in Severe Pemphigus Vulgaris
Authors: Bhattacharjee Rajsmita , De Dipankar , Handa Sanjeev , Minz Ranjana W. , Saikia Biman , Joshi Neha
Published: August 2016

Background: Robust evidence for the efficacy of rituximab monotherapy in pemphigus is lacking. The effects of rituximab on T-regulatory cells (Tregs) in pemphigus have not been studied. Objective: The primary objective was to assess the efficacy of rituximab monotherapy in severe pemphigus vulgaris. The secondary objectives were to assess whether counts of different subsets of Tregs in the peripheral blood correlate with baseline clinical severity and whether clinical response in severe pemphigus is associated with an alteration in the Treg count. Methods: Eighteen eligible subjects with severe pemphigus vulgaris were recruited and were treated with 1 g of intravenous rituximab on days 0 and 15. Efficacy was assessed in terms of disease control, time to disease control, complete remission off therapy, and relapse. Flow cytometric analysis of CD4+CD25+FoxP3, IL-10-secreting Tr1, and TGF-β secreting Th3 regulatory cells was performed. Clinical evaluation and flow cytometric analysis of Tregs was performed periodically until follow-up at 26 weeks. Results: Rituximab monotherapy was able to induce complete remission in all but 5 (68.75%) patients and was well tolerated. No direct relationship between clinical severity and CD4+CD25+FoxP3 cell counts was found. There were inverse correlations between serially measured values of the cutaneous and mucosal Autoimmune Bullous Skin Disorder Intensity Score (ABSIS) and Th3 cell count. Conclusion: Rituximab is a safe and effective monotherapy option for severe pemphigus. As the immunological findings were somewhat different from those observed in other autoimmune conditions treated with rituximab, further studies are required to substantiate the findings of our study in pemphigus patients.
Relevance of the Pap Test: A Report of HPV-DNA Test-Negative High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions of the Female Lower Genital Tract
Authors: Hui Yiang , Hansen Katrine , Murthy Jayasimha , Chau Danielle , Sung C. James , Quddus M. Ruhul
Published: August 2016

Objective: A vast majority of cervicovaginal intraepithelial lesions are caused by high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs). The Pap test has been the sole method used for the screening of cervicovaginal squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL). Recently, the FDA approved an HPV-DNA assay as a method of primary screening. We report on a series of FDA-approved HPV-DNA test-negative SIL with HPV genotyping, using an alternative method on the corresponding surgical biopsy specimens. Study Design: A retrospective review identified cytology-positive HPV-negative cases over a 15-month period at a tertiary care gynecologic oncology institution. Corresponding biopsies were reviewed and genotyped for high-risk HPVs. Results: Of the 18,200 total cases, 17 patients meeting the study criteria were selected with 27 surgical specimens corresponding to their cytologic diagnoses. Four patients with high-grade lesions were identified, 3 of whom (75%) were positive for HPV. One of these 4 patients (25%) showed high-grade SIL on biopsies from 4 separate sites in the cervix and vagina. Multiviral HPV infections were frequent. Conclusions: We discuss the relevance of cotesting for screening cervical SILs and emphasize that false-negative results are possible with the FDA-approved HPV screening assay, also in patients with high-grade SIL. These cases may be detectable by cytologic examination and this suggests that the Pap test remains an important diagnostic tool.
Association between Breast Cancer Recurrence and Cellular Dissociation Assessed Using Fine-Needle Aspiration
Authors: Koike Etsuko , Iwaya Keiichi , Watanabe Akinori , Miyake Shinji , Sato Eiichi , Ishikawa Takashi
Published: August 2016

Objective: To determine the associations between breast cancer recurrence and cytological findings of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Study Design: The study included 117 women who had undergone a modified radical mastectomy for invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. FNAC samples of these patients were reexamined, and cytological findings, such as cellular dissociation, nuclear pleomorphism, nuclear atypia, chromatin pattern, and nuclear size, were scored. Uni- and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the prognostic significance of the cytological findings. Corresponding cancer tissues were immunostained for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2), p53, and E-cadherin to determine their associations with cytological findings. Coexpression of Arp2 and WAVE2 was also examined immunohistochemically as a cell locomotion signal. Results: Cellular dissociation (p = 0.0259) and nuclear size (p = 0.0417) were significantly associated with cancer recurrence. Multivariate analysis showed that cellular dissociation and histological grade were significant independent predictors of cancer recurrence. Cellular dissociation was found to be associated with coexpression of Arp2 and WAVE2 (p = 0.0356) and HER2 (p = 0.0469). Conclusion: The cytological finding of cell dissociation was associated with the activation of Arp2 and WAVE2 signals and was an independent predictor of recurrence.
Improving the Evaluation of Collateral Circulation by Multiphase Computed Tomography Angiography in Acute Stroke Patients Treated with Endovascular Reperfusion Therapies
Authors: García-Tornel Alvaro , Carvalho Vanessa , Boned Sandra , Flores Alan , Rodríguez-Luna David , Pagola Jorge , Muchada Marian , Sanjuan Estela , Coscojuela Pilar , Juega Jesus , Rodriguez-Villatoro Noelia , Menon Bijoy , Goyal Mayank , Ribó Marc , Tomasello Alejandro , Molina Carlos A. , Rubiera Marta
Published: August 2016

Good collateral circulation (CC) is associated with favorable outcomes in acute stroke, but the best technique to evaluate collaterals is controversial. Single-phase computed tomography angiography (sCTA) is widely used but lacks temporal resolution. We aim to compare CC evaluation by sCTA and multiphase CTA (mCTA) as predictors of outcome in endovascular treated patients. Methods: Consecutive endovascular treated patients with M1 middle cerebral artery (MCA) or terminal intracranial carotid artery (TICA) occlusion confirmed by sCTA were included. Two more CTA acquisitions with 8- and 16-second delays were performed for mCTA. Endovascular thrombectomy was performed independently of the CC status according to a local protocol [Alberta Stroke Program Early CT score (ASPECTS) >6, modified Rankin scale (mRS) score <3]. CC on sCTA and mCTA were compared. Results: 108 patients were included. Their mean age was 69.6 ± 13 years and their median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 17 (interquartile range 8). 79 (73.1%) had M1 MCA and 29 (26.9%) TICA occlusions. The mean time from symptom onset to CTA was 146.8 ± 96.5 min. On sCTA, 50.9% patients presented good CC vs. 57.5% on mCTA. Good CC status in both sCTA and mCTA had a lower 24-hour infarct volume (27.4 vs. 74.8 cm3 on sCTA, p = 0.04; 17.2 vs. 97.8 cm3 on mCTA, p < 0.01). However, only good CC on mCTA was associated with lower 24-hour (5 vs. 8.5, p = 0.04) and median discharge NIHSS (2 vs. 4.5, p = 0.04) scores and functional independency (mRS score <3) at 3 months (76.9 vs. 23.1%, p < 0.01). In a logistic regression model including age, NIHSS, ASPECTS and recanalization, only age (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93-0.99, p = 0.02) and good CC on mCTA (OR 5, 95% CI 1.99-12.6, p < 0.01) were independent predictors of functional outcome at 3 months. Conclusion: CC evaluation by mCTA is a better prognostic marker than CC evaluation by sCTA for clinical and functional endpoints in acute stroke patients treated with endovascular thrombectomy.
Role of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Treatment of Tumefactive Multiple Sclerosis-Associated Low CD4 and CD8 Levels
Authors: Lew Kristen , Mewada Nishith , Ramanujam Sahana , Hassanzadeh Bahareh , Donahue John E. , Peddareddygari Leema Reddy , Moser Robert , Kososky Charles  , Grewal Raji P.
Published: August 2016

We report a 35-year-old healthy male who developed central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating disease consistent with tumefactive multiple sclerosis. About 2 weeks after onset of symptoms and prior to initiation of therapy, the patient had lymphopenia and low CD4 and CD8 levels. His lymphocyte count was 400 cells/µl (850–3,900 cells/µl), CD4 was 193 cells/µl (490–1,740 cells/µl) and CD8 was 103 cells/µl (180–1,170 cells/µl). He was treated with intravenous methylprednisolone followed by therapeutic plasma exchange, the levels of CD4 and CD8 normalized, and ultimately, he recovered completely.
Pudendal Neuralgia as the Initial Manifestation of Infiltrative Sacrococcygeal Chordoma
Authors: Carrasco García de León Sira , Flores Barragán José Manuel , Villasanti Rivas Natalia
Published: August 2016

Sacrococcygeal chordoma is a malignant tumour originating from remnants of the notochord. Chordomas are slow-growing tumours whose symptoms develop insidiously. We present the case of a 72-year-old woman with a 6-month history of genital pain radiating to the perianal area and exacerbating when she was in a sitting position. MRI and PET studies revealed a large mass in the sacrococcygeal region causing bone destruction and invasion of neurovascular structures. The immunohistochemical study of the surgical specimen determined it to be chordoma. This is the first published case of pudendal neuralgia as a form of presentation of sacrococcygeal chordoma.
Granulomatous Mastitis: A Rare Cause of Male Breast Lump
Authors: Al Manasra Abdel Rahman A. , Al-Hurani Mohammad F.
Published: August 2016

Background: Mastitis is a common benign disorder of the female breast. It is frequently associated with tenderness, swelling and nipple discharge. We are describing an extremely rare case of an idiopathic granulomatous mastitis in the male breast. Only 1 previous case was reported. Case Report: A 29-year-old male patient presented with a hard, painless lump in the right breast of 2 weeks duration. The patient underwent surgical excision with margin. The histopathologic findings were consistent with granulomatous mastitis. The case was reported as idiopathic granulomatous mastitis after exclusion of all known causes of the disease. Conclusion: Granulomatous mastitis is rare in females and extremely rare in male breast tissue. Since this disease mimics breast cancer in its clinical picture and radiologic findings are usually not conclusive, surgical excision is recommended in all cases.
Factores sociodemográficos y familiares en menores de España con medida judicial, cívicos e infractores
Authors: Moral-Jiménez María de la Villa , Pelayo-Pérez Loreto Elvira
Published: August 2016

(analítico): El objetivo de este estudio es analizar factores vinculados a la estructura y funcionalidad familiar, así como de carácter sociodemográfico, relacionados con el comportamiento delictivo en adolescentes. Para ello, seleccionamos aleatoriamente una muestra de escolares (n=118) del Principado de Asturias (España), divididos en dos grupos: cívico (n=87) y comportamiento delictivo (n=31), así como un grupo de adolescentes que cumplen Medida Judicial en Régimen Medio Abierto (n=22). Hallamos diferencias significativas en función de características individuales como edad, género y nivel de estudios, siendo los varones con mayor edad los que presentan más conductas delictivas. La formación académica de la madre, la separación conyugal y la ausencia del padre, son factores influyentes en el desarrollo de comportamientos delictivos que deriven en una sanción penal. Proponemos una discusión sobre las implicaciones de los resultados para la prevención de los comportamientos delictivos en menores.
Sin-vergüenza. Análisis goffmaniano de la capacitación en un programa de empleo
Authors: Quattrini Diego
Published: August 2016

(descriptivo): El objetivo del estudio es analizar la educación de la competencia "buena presenciaâ€, que deben asumir los jóvenes de los sectores vulnerables para ingresar al mercado laboral en la provincia de Mendoza (Argentina). Para dicho fin, utilizo algunos aportes conceptuales de la teoría de Erving Goffman. Atendiendo al diseño metodológico, elaboré en el año 2013 entrevistas en profundidad a técnicos y jóvenes de un programa de empleo y capacitación laboral. Mediante esta técnica busco observar el manejo corporal-emocional que se produce en la presentación, en la búsqueda de empleo. Así, la pregunta es por la forma en que se construye la sensación de reconocimiento ante la regulación que se produce por la mirada de los otros. La inclusión está dada, entonces, por lograr una presentación estética y emocionalmente validada por el orden de la interacción.
Humidophila komarekiana sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta), a new limnoterrestrial diatom species from King George Island (Maritime Antarctica)
Authors: KOCHMAN-KĘDZIORA NATALIA , NOGA TERESA , ZIDAROVA RALITSA , KOPALOVÁ KATEŘINA , VAN DE VIJVER BART
Published: August 2016

During a survey of the non-marine diatom flora of King George Island (South Shetland Islands), an unknown Humidophila taxon was recorded. Detailed light and scanning electron microscopy observations indicated that the unknown taxon could not be identified based on the currently available literature. The new species is described as Humidophila komarekiana sp. nov. and is characterized in having strictly linear valves with parallel margins and broadly rounded, never protracted apices, a filiform raphe with almost indistinct, straight proximal and distal raphe endings. The striae are composed of one, irregularly shortened areola. The mantle areolae are interrupted at the apices. The new species is compared with similar taxa in the Antarctic Region and worldwide. Notes on the ecology of the new species are added.
Taxonomic Notes on Microcos (Malvaceae-Grewioideae) in India
Authors: NANDIKAR MAYUR D. , JANARTHANAM M.K.
Published: August 2016

In India, the delimitation and taxonomic status of the genus Microcos has historically been in a state of flux. While revising the genus Grewia for India, authors found certain taxonomic and nomenclatural inconsistencies in the Floras while treating M. paniculata and M. calophylla. The aims of the present study are to resolve these inconsistency, to review the genus Microcos in India, and the lectotypification of M. calophylla (≡ Grewia calophylla).
Aponogeton kannangarae, a new species of Aponogeton (Aponogetonaceae) from Rakwana hills, Sri Lanka

Authors: SILVA MADURA ANUSHA DE , DESHAPREMA K. M. S. , MANAMPERI J. P. J.
Published: August 2016

Aponogeton kannangarae, a new species of Aponogetonaceae from Rakwana hills, Sri Lanka, is described and illustrated. The new species is morphologically similar to A. rigidifolius, but the former can be easily distinguished by morphological characters of its plumule, inflorescence, flowers and rhizome. A key to all Aponogeton species in Sri Lanka is also presented.
A new combination in Roldana (Compositae, Senecioneae)
Authors: CALVO JOEL
Published: August 2016

Working on the Ecuadorian Senecio species, I focused my attention on Senecio hamamelidifolius Kunth in Humboldt et al. (1818: 140), a poorly known species that Nordenstam (1999) pointed out to be doubtfully described from Ecuador as indicated with a question mark in the protologue. Further research on this matter led me to realize that the same species had been treated in Colombia under different names, i.e., Senecio bugalagrandis Cuatrecasas (1950: 20) and Telanthophora guerkei (Hieronymus 1901: 646) Jeffrey (1992: 54). Herein, I discuss the taxonomic position and nomenclature of this taxon. A clarification of its distribution area is also provided.
Redescription of Cheilinus quinquecinctus Rüppell, 1835 (Pisces: Perciformes, Labridae), a valid endemic Red Sea wrasse
Authors: BOGORODSKY SERGEY V. , ALPERMANN TILMAN J. , MAL AHMAD O.
Published: August 2016

The labrid fish Cheilinus quinquecinctus Rüppell, originally described from the Red Sea, has long been regarded as a junior synonym of C. fasciatus (Bloch). Herein, both nominal species are redescribed, based on examination of the types and additional material from the Red Sea (for C. quinquecinctus) and the Indo-West Pacific (for C. fasciatus). Rüppell's description of Cheilinus quinquecinctus was originally based on three syntypes, and the most representative adult specimen is designated as the lectotype. We show that Cheilinus quinquecinctus is restricted to the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, and it differs from the similar C. fasciatus in having modally fewer gill rakers on the first gill arch, a total of 13–16 (mean 13.9, usually 13 or 14 ) (vs. 13–16, mean 14.7, usually 14 or 15), in developing a ragged posterior margin of the caudal fin with age (versus only upper and lower caudal-fin lobes developing with age), and in its color pattern. The phylogenetic analysis of the COI barcoding region accords with the species status of C. quinquecinctus with the placement of the two sister species in two divergent and reciprocally monophyletic evolutionary lineages. A full description of C. quinquecinctus and diagnosis of C. fasciatus is provided here for comparison. In addition, the data include a table of the results of the meristic and morphological examination of type and additional specimens of both species from throughout their distribution ranges as well as a table of gill-raker counts of all examined specimens. Underwater color photographs are provided for comparison of juveniles, females and males of both species.
The water mite family Aturidae Thor (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from Ghana, with the description of twelve new species
Authors: SMIT HARRY
Published: August 2016

Eleven new aturid species are described from Ghana: (Aturinae) Aturus ghanaensis n. sp., Subaturus spathulasetus n. sp., Subalbia elongata n. sp., (Axonopsinae) Albaxona wanjakliensis n. sp., Axonopsis kintampo n. sp., Brachypodopsis indistincta n. sp., Hexaxonopsis rectimarginata n. sp., H. subtruncata n. sp., Javalbia coalescens n. sp., J. indentata n. sp., Paraxonopsis latihumerosa n. sp. and Pseudaxonopsalbia ghanensis n. sp. New records are given for five species of the genera Albia, Kongsbergia, Paraxonopsis and Subaxonopsalbia.
New species of Pseudachorutes (Collembola: Neanuridae) from Northeastern Algeria
Authors: ZOUGHAILECH ABDELMALEK , HAMRA-KROUA SALAH , DEHARVENG LOUIS
Published: August 2016

Three new species of Pseudachorutes are described from the Collo massif in northeastern Algeria, all three with morphological features unique or rare in the genus. P. deficiens sp. nov. lacks chaeta E on the labium, a character only retrieved in P. ouatilouensis Najt & Weiner, 1997 from New Caledonia, from which it differs by the presence of chaeta a2 on Th. II and of chaeta M on tibiotarsus. P. octosensillatus sp. nov. is the only species of the genus that have 8 S-chaetae on Ant IV. P. labiatus sp. nov. has 3 x-papillae on the labium, like P. cf. indiana Christiansen & Bellinger, 1980 from Alaska, from which it differs by the presence of chaeta a2 on Th. II and a lower number of vesicles in PAO (5–6 vs 10–14).
New species of Rhorus Förster, 1869 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ctenopelmatinae) from South Korea
Authors: KASPARYAN D.R. , CHOI JIN-KYUNG , LEE JONG-WOOK
Published: August 2016

A new ichneumonid-species Rhorus koreensis sp. nov. is described from South Korea. Monoblastus jinjuensis Lee et Cha, 1993 described from South Korea is transferred to Rhorus (new combination). Only Rh. takagii (Uchida, 1931) is recorded previously from South Korea. Rhorus nigritarsis (Hedwig, 1956) is recorded for the first time from South Korea. A key to the four South Korean species are provided.
State of the Climate in 2015
Authors: Blunden Jessica , Arndt Derek S.
Published: August 2016

Editor’s note: For easy download the posted pdf of the State of the Climate for 2016 is a very low-resolution file. A high-resolution copy of the report is available by clicking here. Please be patient as it may take a few minutes for the high-resolution file to download.
Development of a Coastal Drought Index Using Salinity Data
Authors: Conrads Paul A. , Darby Lisa S.
Published: August 2016

A critical aspect of the uniqueness of coastal drought is the effects on the salinity dynamics of creeks, rivers, and estuaries. The location of the freshwater–saltwater interface along the coast is an important factor in the ecological and socioeconomic dynamics of coastal communities. Salinity is a critical response variable that integrates hydrologic and coastal dynamics including sea level, tides, winds, precipitation, streamflow, and tropical storms. The position of the interface determines the composition of freshwater and saltwater aquatic communities as well as the freshwater availability for water intakes. Many definitions of drought have been proposed, with most describing a decline in precipitation having negative impacts on the water supply. Indices have been developed incorporating data such as rainfall, streamflow, soil moisture, and groundwater levels. These water-availability drought indices were developed for upland areas and may not be ideal for characterizing coastal drought. The availability of real-time and historical salinity datasets provides an opportunity for the development of a salinity-based coastal drought index. An approach similar to the standardized precipitation index (SPI) was modified and applied to salinity data obtained from sites in South Carolina and Georgia. Using the SPI approach, the index becomes a coastal salinity index (CSI) that characterizes coastal salinity conditions with respect to drought periods of higher-saline conditions and wet periods of higher-freshwater conditions. Evaluation of the CSI indicates that it provides additional coastal response information as compared to the SPI and the Palmer hydrologic drought index, and the CSI can be used for different estuary types and for comparison of conditions along coastlines.
Objective Climatological Analysis of Extreme Weather Events in Arizona during the North American Monsoon
Authors: Mazon Jeremy J. , Castro Christopher L. , Adams David K. , Chang Hsin-I , Carrillo Carlos M. , Brost John J.
Published: August 2016

Almost one-half of the annual precipitation in the southwestern United States occurs during the North American monsoon (NAM). Given favorable synoptic-scale conditions, organized monsoon thunderstorms may affect relatively large geographic areas. Through an objective analysis of atmospheric reanalysis and observational data, the dominant synoptic patterns associated with NAM extreme events are determined for the period from 1993 to 2010. Thermodynamically favorable extreme-weather-event days are selected on the basis of atmospheric instability and precipitable water vapor from Tucson, Arizona, rawinsonde data. The atmospheric circulation patterns at 500 hPa associated with the extreme events are objectively characterized using principal component analysis. The first two dominant modes of 500-hPa geopotential-height anomalies of the severe-weather-event days correspond to type-I and type-II severe-weather-event patterns previously subjectively identified by Maddox et al. These patterns reflect a positioning of the monsoon ridge to the north and east or north and west, respectively, from its position in the “Four Corners” region during the period of the climatological maximum of monsoon precipitation from mid-July to mid-August. An hourly radar–gauge precipitation product shows evidence of organized, westward-propagating convection in Arizona during the type-I and type-II severe weather events. This new methodological approach for objectively identifying severe weather events may be easily adapted to inform operational forecasting or analysis of gridded climate data.
Impacts of Tibetan Plateau Snow Cover on the Interannual Variability of the East Asian Summer Monsoon
Authors: Xiao Zhixiang , Duan Anmin
Published: August 2016

The relationship between Tibetan Plateau (TP) snow cover and the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) has long been discussed, but the underlying mechanism remains controversial. In this paper, the snow–albedo and snow–hydrology feedbacks over the TP are investigated based on multiple sources of snow data for the period 1979–2011. The results indicate that winter snow cover plays an important role in cooling local air temperature through the snow–albedo effect; the TP surface net solar radiation in years with above-normal snow cover is approximately 18 W m−2 less than that in below-normal snow cover years. However, data analysis demonstrates that persistent effects of winter snow cover are limited to the period from winter to spring over most parts of the central and eastern TP. Therefore, the preceding snow cover over the central and eastern TP exerts little influence over either the in situ summer atmospheric heat source or the EASM, because of its limited persistence. In contrast, the effects of winter or spring snow cover anomalies over the western TP and the Himalayas can last until summer, and these anomalies further influence the EASM by modulating moisture transport to eastern China and favoring eastward-propagating synoptic disturbances that are generated over the TP. Generally, above-normal snow cover over the western TP and the Himalayas facilitates abundant summer precipitation between the Yangtze and Yellow River basins, which is confirmed by results from a regional Weather Research and Forecasting model simulation.
Estimating Minimum Detection Times for Satellite Remote Sensing of Trends in Mean and Extreme Precipitable Water Vapor
Authors: Roman Jacola , Knuteson Robert , Ackerman Steve , Revercomb Hank
Published: August 2016

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report found that changes in extreme events have occurred and the frequency of such events is expected to increase. Precipitable water vapor (PWV) is a useful measure of the moisture content of the atmosphere. This paper combines the predicted GCM trends in PWV from 2000 to 2100 with uncertainty estimates from infrared spectrometers, NASA Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and EUMETSAT Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), to estimate minimum trend detection times on regional and global spatial scales. The minimum detection time (MDT) is the number of years before the multimodel GCM trend exceeds a fractional change equal to the uncertainty in the observed product, plus the width of the time window used to smooth out natural variability. Results indicate that the median value of PWV has an MDT of 15 yr or less over all scales, while extreme dry (5th) and wet (95th) PWV conditions (percentiles) have higher measurement uncertainty and corresponding larger MDTs. Product providers have done a relatively good job tuning results to the mean atmospheric state but more attention should be given to improving the satellite estimates for extreme PWV. A fractional measurement error of 3% is desirable to detect predicted climate trends within 15 years or less for the entire PDF of PWV. This paper presents an important case study for the design of observing systems directly linking the estimated uncertainty of the PWV products to the detectability of long-term trends. If there is a need to decrease detection times over the existing weather observation system then necessary changes to the climate observational system design can be understood quantitatively.
The Effect of the Kerguelen Plateau on the Ocean Circulation
Authors: Wang Jinbo , Mazloff Matthew R. , Gille Sarah T.
Published: August 2016

The Kerguelen Plateau is a major topographic feature in the Southern Ocean. Located in the Indian sector and spanning nearly 2000 km in the meridional direction from the polar to the subantarctic region, it deflects the eastward-flowing Antarctic Circumpolar Current and influences the physical circulation and biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean. The Kerguelen Plateau is known to govern the local dynamics, but its impact on the large-scale ocean circulation has not been explored. By comparing global ocean numerical simulations with and without the Kerguelen Plateau, this study identifies two major Kerguelen Plateau effects: 1) The plateau supports a local pressure field that pushes the Antarctic Circumpolar Current northward. This process reduces the warm-water transport from the Indian to the Atlantic Ocean. 2) The plateau-generated pressure field shields the Weddell Gyre from the influence of the warmer subantarctic and subtropical waters. The first effect influences the strength of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and the Agulhas leakage, both of which are important elements in the global thermohaline circulation. The second effect results in a zonally asymmetric response of the subpolar gyres to Southern Hemisphere wind forcing.
Mahatma Gandhi
Authors:   Members and Staff of the Calcutta Statistical Association
Published: August 2016

We pay our respectful homage to the memory of Gandhiji, the Father of the Nation who was taken away from us by the foul hand of an assassin.
Nonparametric Testing Under Progressive Censoring*
Authors: Chatterjee Shoutir Kishore , Sen Pranab Kumar
Published: August 2016

Summary

Progressive censoring schemes (allowing a continuous monitoring of experimentation until a terminal decision is reached) are often adopted in clinical trials and life testing problems. In this paper, a general class of rank order tests for progressive censoring is proposed. Along with a basic martinga:le property and a Brownian motion approximation for a related rank order process, asymptotic distribution theory of the proposed statistics is developed. Asymptotic performance characteristics of the proposed tests (in the light of Bahadur efficiency and the stochastic smallness of the stopping variables) are studied.
On the Estimation of Contrasts in Linear Estimation
Authors: Joshi D. D.
Published: August 2016

This paper examines the conditions on the coefficient matrix of the linear model under which contrasts, and contrasts alone, are estimated by contrasts.
On Estimation of Some Confidential Characters from Survey Data
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Parimal
Published: August 2016

In survey sampling, problems often arise when respondents are asked sensitive questions or questions of highly personal nature. In such cases people often refuse to answer, or give false answers. In this paper we have suggested a randomised response technique for estimating the proportion of individuals in several unrelated (in some sense) ‘sensitive’ groups. The proposed model is observed to fare well in some realistic situations.
Inference on Confidential Characters from Survey Data
Authors: Mukerjee Rahul
Published: August 2016

This work considers the problem of estimating proportions corresponding to several confidential characters, which are possibly related and some of which possibly involve more than two categories, from a single sample by applying the randomised response technique. Large sample tests for the independence of the confidential characters have been suggested. Tho effect of wilful mis-statement, if any, has also been studied.
Admissible Linear Estimates of the Regression Parameters
Authors: Ghosh Malay , Parsian Ahmad
Published: August 2016

In Ghosh and Parsian (1981), the Lindley-Smith (1972) linear estimates of the multinonnal mean vector are shown to be generalized Bayes with respect to symmetric bowl shaped loss both when the common variance is known and unknown . The admissibility of such estimators is also proved in both these oases. The present paper gencralizes the findings of Ghosh and Parsian (1981) to a multiple regression model.
Response Surface Designs for Estimating the Optimal Point
Authors: Chatterjee Shoutir Kishore , Mandal Nripes Kumar
Published: August 2016

The problem considered is that of choosing a k-factor design meant for locating the maximal (or minimal) point of a second order response surface. Using least squares estimates the deficiency of a design is defined as the expected difference between the optimum response and the true response at the estimated optimal point. It is first shown that a design which minimizes this deficiency must belong to a special subclass of designs. Each member of this subclass cam be represented by a distribution over the unit simplex in the k-dimensional positive orthant apportioning the whole mass exclusively between the origin and the outer surface. Using this result the global solution in some special cases and a restricted solution in the general case are obtained.