bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implications of increasing Atlantic influence for Arctic microbial community structure
Authors: Carter-Gates Michael , Balestreri Cecilia , Thorpe Sally E. , Cottier Finlo , Baylay Alison , Bibby Thomas S. , Moore C. Mark , Schroeder Declan C.
Published: November 2020

Increasing influence of Atlantic water in the Arctic Ocean has the potential to significantly impact regional water temperature and salinity. Here we use a rDNA barcoding approach to reveal how microbial communities are partitioned into distinct assemblages across a gradient of Atlantic-Polar Water influence in the Norwegian Sea. Data suggest that temperate adapted bacteria may replace cold water taxa under a future scenario of increasing Atlantic influence, but the eukaryote response is more complex. Some abundant eukaryotic cold water taxa could persist, while less abundant eukaryotic taxa may be replaced by warmer adapted temperate species. Furthermore, within lineages, different taxa display evidence of increased relative abundance in reaction to favourable conditions and we observed that rare microbial taxa are sample site rather than region specific. Our findings have significant implications for the vulnerability of polar associated community assemblages, which may change, impacting the ecosystem services they provide, under predicted increases of Atlantic mixing and warming within the Arctic region.
Improving the abrasion resistance of Ti6Al4V alloy by modifying its surface with a diazonium salt and attaching of polyurethane
Authors: Sandomierski Mariusz , Buchwald Tomasz , Patalas Adam , Voelkel Adam
Published: November 2020

Commonly used endoprostheses in the orthopedic industry are those made of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy. Unfortunately, this material has low abrasion resistance, and therefore methods of their modification are still sought. A sensible approach is coating the alloy with a layer of a polymer having higher abrasion resistance. The adhesion of polymers to alloy is low, therefore the alloy requires prior modification. In this work, the alloy was modified with three types of diazonium salt and the influence of substituent on the effectiveness of modification was determined. Then, five or ten polyurethane layers were attached to the surface of the modified alloy. Using Raman mapping, the uniform distribution of layers was proved. Layers are stable in simulated human body fluids. The effectiveness of attaching subsequent layers of polyurethane was also confirmed by nanoindentation. The main focus of this work was to improve the wear resistance of the titanium alloy. The obtained results indicate that the titanium alloy with a polyurethane layer has almost ten times lower coefficient of friction compared to pure alloy. Such a low value has not been described in the literature so far. These results are the first step for obtaining endoprostheses with very high abrasion resistance.
Identifying environmental risk factors for inflammatory bowel diseases: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Carreras-Torres Robert , Ibáñez-Sanz Gemma , Obón-Santacana Mireia , Duell Eric J. , Moreno Victor
Published: November 2020

Several studies have examined environmental factors and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) using traditional approaches; however, provided results are still conflicting. Our aim was to determine whether lifestyle and nutrient exposures, related to IBD in observational meta-analyses, influence IBD risk using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. A two-sample MR approach was applied on summary-level genome-wide association results. Genetic variants strongly associated with measures of tobacco smoking, obesity and fat distribution, physical activity, and blood levels of vitamins and fatty acids were evaluated on genetic data from international IBD consortia including a total of 25,042 IBD cases (12,194 cases of Crohn’s disease (CD) and 12,366 cases of ulcerative colitis (UC)) and 34,915 controls. Our results indicated that, among lifestyle exposures, being a smoker was positively associated with CD (OR 1.13, P = 0.02), but it was not associated with UC risk (OR 0.99, P = 0.88). Body-mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage were positively associated with CD (OR 1.11, P = 0.02, per standard deviation (SD) of 4.6 kg/m2; and OR 1.50, P = 3 × 10–10, per SD of 6.6%; respectively); while for UC, BMI was inversely associated (OR 0.85, P = 5 × 10–5; per SD) and body fat percentage showed a OR of 1.11 (P = 0.11; per SD). Additionally, among nutrient exposures, omega-3 fatty acids levels were inversely associated with CD (OR 0.67, P = 2 × 10–6). Our MR results did not support a protective effect for being a smoker on UC risk; however, they are compatible with a risk effect for higher body fat proportion and a protective role for higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids on CD etiology.
Genetic evidence supports three previously described species of greater glider, Petauroides volans, P. minor, and P. armillatus
Authors: McGregor Denise C. , Padovan Amanda , Georges Arthur , Krockenberger Andrew , Yoon Hwan-Jin , Youngentob Kara N.
Published: November 2020

The identification and classification of species are essential for effective conservation management. This year, Australia experienced a bushfire season of unprecedented severity, resulting in widespread habitat loss and mortality. As a result, there has been an increased focus on understanding genetic diversity and structure across the range of individual species to protect resilience in the face of climate change. The greater glider (Petauroides volans) is a large, gliding eucalypt folivore. This nocturnal arboreal marsupial has a wide distribution across eastern Australia and is considered the sole extant member of the genusPetauroides. Differences in morphology have led to suggestions that the one accepted species is actually three. This would have substantial impacts on conservation management, particularly given a recent history of declining populations, coupled with extensive wildfires. Until now, genetic evidence to support multiple species has been lacking. For the first time, we used DArT sequencing on greater glider tissue samples from multiple regions and found evidence of three operational taxonomic units (OTUs) representing northern, central and southern groups. The three OTUs were also supported by our morphological data. These findings have important implications for greater glider management and highlight the role of genetics in helping to assess conservation status.
Thirty-day readmission rates, trends and its impact on liver transplantation recipients: a national analysis
Authors: Mumtaz Khalid , Lee-Allen Jannel , Porter Kyle , Kelly Sean , Hanje James , Conteh Lanla F. , Michaels Anthony J. , El-Hinnawi Ashraf , Washburn Ken , Black Sylvester M. , Abougergi Marwan S.
Published: November 2020

Reduction of early hospital readmissions is a declared goal in the United States economic and quality improvement agenda. A retrospective study was performed using the Nationwide Readmissions Database from 2010 to 2014. Our primary aim was to study the rate of early readmissions and its predictors in liver transplant recipients (LTRs). Our secondary aims were to determine the trends of LT, reasons for readmission, costs and predictors of calendar year mortality. Multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were utilized. The 30-day readmission rate was 30.6% among a total of 25,054 LTRs. Trends of LT were observed to be increased in patients > 65 years (11.7–17.8%, p < 0.001) and decreased in 40–64 years (78.0–73.5%, p = 0.001) during study period. The majority of 30-day readmissions were due to post transplant complications, with packed red blood cell transfusions being the most common intervention during readmission. Medicaid or Medicare insurance, surgery at low and medium volume centers, infections, hemodialysis, liver biopsy, and length of stay > 10 days were the predictors of 30-day readmission. Moreover, number of early readmission, age > 64 years, non-alcoholic cirrhosis, and length of stay > 10 days were significant predictor of calendar year mortality in LTRs. Approximately one third of patients require early admission after LT. Early readmission not only increases burden on healthcare, but is also associated with calendar year mortality. Strategies should be implemented to reduce readmission in patients with high risk of readmission identified in our study.
Comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial genomes in two limpets from Lottiidae (Gastropoda: Patellogastropoda): rare irregular gene rearrangement within Gastropoda
Authors: Feng Jian-tong , Guo Ya-hong , Yan Cheng-rui , Ye Ying-ying , Li Ji-ji , Guo Bao-ying , Lü Zhen-ming
Published: November 2020

To improve the systematics and taxonomy of Patellogastropoda within the evolution of gastropods, we determined the complete mitochondrial genome sequences ofLottia goshimaiandNipponacmea fuscoviridisin the family Lottiidae, which presented sizes of 18,192 bp and 18,720 bp, respectively. In addition to 37 common genes among metazoa, we observed duplication of thetrnMgene inL. goshimaiand thetrnMandtrnWgenes inN. fuscoviridis. The highest A + T contents of the two species were found within protein-coding genes (59.95% and 54.55%), followed by rRNAs (56.50% and 52.44%) and tRNAs (56.42% and 52.41%).trnS1andtrnS2could not form the canonical cloverleaf secondary structure due to the lack of a dihydrouracil arm in both species. The gene arrangements in all Patellogastropoda compared with those of ancestral gastropods showed different levels of gene rearrangement, including the shuffling, translocation and inversion of single genes or gene fragments. This kind of irregular rearrangement is particularly obvious in the Lottiidae family. The results of phylogenetic and gene rearrangement analyses showed thatL. goshimaiandLottia digitalisclustered into one group, which in turn clustered withN. fuscoviridisin Patellogastropoda. This study demonstrates the significance of complete mitogenomes for phylogenetic analysis and enhances our understanding of the evolution of Patellogastropoda.
Submergence deactivates wound-induced plant defence against herbivores
Authors: Lee Hyo-Jun , Park Ji-Sun , Shin Seung Yong , Kim Sang-Gyu , Lee Gisuk , Kim Hyun-Soon , Jeon Jae Heung , Cho Hye Sun
Published: November 2020

Flooding is a common and critical disaster in agriculture, because it causes defects in plant growth and even crop loss. An increase in herbivore populations is often observed after floods, which leads to additional damage to the plants. Although molecular mechanisms underlying the plant responses to flooding have been identified, how plant defence systems are affected by flooding remains poorly understood. Herein, we show that submergence deactivates wound-induced defence against herbivore attack inArabidopsis thaliana. Submergence rapidly suppressed the wound-induced expression of jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis genes, resulting in reduced JA accumulation. While plants exposed to hypoxia in argon gas exhibited similar reduced wound responses, the inhibitory effects were initiated after short-term submergence without signs for lack of oxygen. Instead, expression of ethylene-responsive genes was increased after short-term submergence. Blocking ethylene signalling byein2-1mutation partially restored suppressed expression of several wound-responsive genes by submergence. In addition, submergence rapidly removed active markers of histone modifications at a gene locus involved in JA biosynthesis. Our findings suggest that submergence inactivates defence systems of plants, which would explain the proliferation of herbivores after flooding.
Bacterial diets differentially alter lifespan and healthspan trajectories in C. elegans
Authors: Stuhr Nicole L. , Curran Sean P.
Published: November 2020

Diet is one of the more variable aspects in life due to the variety of options that organisms are exposed to in their natural habitats. In the laboratory, C. elegans are raised on bacterial monocultures, traditionally the E. coli B strain OP50, and spontaneously occurring microbial contaminants are removed to limit experimental variability because diet—including the presence of contaminants—can exert a potent influence over animal physiology. In order to diversify the menu available to culture C. elegans in the lab, we have isolated and cultured three such microbes: Methylobacterium, Xanthomonas, and Sphingomonas. The nutritional composition of these bacterial foods is unique, and when fed to C. elegans, can differentially alter multiple life history traits including development, reproduction, and metabolism. In light of the influence each food source has on specific physiological attributes, we comprehensively assessed the impact of these bacteria on animal health and devised a blueprint for utilizing different food combinations over the lifespan, in order to promote longevity. The expansion of the bacterial food options to use in the laboratory will provide a critical tool to better understand the complexities of bacterial diets and subsequent changes in physiology and gene expression.
Ecological and social constraints combine to promote evolution of non-breeding strategies in clownfish
Authors: Branconi Rebecca , Barbasch Tina A. , Francis Robin K. , Srinivasan Maya , Jones Geoffrey P. , Buston Peter M.
Published: November 2020

Individuals that forgo their own reproduction in animal societies represent an evolutionary paradox because it is not immediately apparent how natural selection can preserve the genes that underlie non-breeding strategies. Cooperative breeding theory provides a solution to the paradox: non-breeders benefit by helping relatives and/or inheriting breeding positions; non-breeders do not disperse to breed elsewhere because of ecological constraints. However, the question of why non-breeders do not contest to breed within their group has rarely been addressed. Here, we use a wild population of clownfish (Amphiprion percula), where non-breeders wait peacefully for years to inherit breeding positions, to show non-breeders will disperse when ecological constraints (risk of mortality during dispersal) are experimentally weakened. In addition, we show non-breeders will contest when social constraints (risk of eviction during contest) are experimentally relaxed. Our results show it is the combination of ecological and social constraints that promote the evolution of non-breeding strategies. The findings highlight parallels between, and potential for fruitful exchange between, cooperative breeding theory and economic bargaining theory: individuals will forgo their own reproduction and wait peacefully to inherit breeding positions (engage in cooperative options) when there are harsh ecological constraints (poor outside options) and harsh social constraints (poor inside options).
Author Correction: Single-cell analysis of EphA clustering phenotypes to probe cancer cell heterogeneity
Authors: Ravasio Andrea , Myaing Myint Z. , Chia Shumei , Arora Aditya , Sathe Aneesh , Cao Elaine Yiqun , Bertocchi Cristina , Sharma Ankur , Arasi Bakya , Chung Vin Yee , Greene Adrienne C. , Tan Tuan Zea , Chen Zhongwen , Ong Hui Ting , Iyer N. Gopalakrishna , Huang Ruby YunJu , DasGupta Ramanuj , Groves Jay T. , Viasnoff Virgile
Published: November 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Intrastrand backbone-nucleobase interactions stabilize unwound right-handed helical structures of heteroduplexes of L-aTNA/RNA and SNA/RNA
Authors: Kamiya Yukiko , Satoh Tadashi , Kodama Atsuji , Suzuki Tatsuya , Murayama Keiji , Kashida Hiromu , Uchiyama Susumu , Kato Koichi , Asanuma Hiroyuki
Published: November 2020

Xeno nucleic acids, which are synthetic analogues of natural nucleic acids, have potential for use in nucleic acid drugs and as orthogonal genetic biopolymers and prebiotic precursors. Although few acyclic nucleic acids can stably bind to RNA and DNA, serinol nucleic acid (SNA) and L-threoninol nucleic acid (L-aTNA) stably bind to them. Here we disclose crystal structures of RNA hybridizing with SNA and with L-aTNA. The heteroduplexes show unwound right-handed helical structures. Unlike canonical A-type duplexes, the base pairs in the heteroduplexes align perpendicularly to the helical axes, and consequently helical pitches are large. The unwound helical structures originate from interactions between nucleobases and neighbouring backbones of L-aTNA and SNA through CH–O bonds. In addition, SNA and L-aTNA form a triplex structure via C:G*G parallel Hoogsteen interactions with RNA. The unique structural features of the RNA-recognizing mode of L-aTNA and SNA should prove useful in nanotechnology, biotechnology, and basic research into prebiotic chemistry.
Enhanced hole injection assisted by electric dipoles for efficient perovskite light-emitting diodes
Authors: Xiao Xiangtian , Wang Kai , Ye Taikang , Cai Rui , Ren Zhenwei , Wu Dan , Qu Xiangwei , Sun Jiayun , Ding Shihao , Sun Xiao Wei , Choy Wallace C. H.
Published: November 2020

Enhanced hole injection is essential to achieve high performance in perovskite light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Here, a strategy is introduced to enhance hole injection by an electric dipole layer. Hopping theory demonstrates electric dipoles between hole injection layer and hole transport layer can enhance hole injection significantly. MoO3 is then chosen as the electric dipole layer between PEDOT:PSS (hole injection layer) and PVK (hole transport layer) to generate electric dipoles due to its deep conduction band level. Theoretical results demonstrate that strong electric fields are produced for efficient hole injection, and recombination rate is substantially increased. Capacitance-voltage analyses further prove efficient hole injection by introducing the electric dipole layer. Based on the proposed electric dipole layer structure, perovskite LEDs achieve a high current efficiency of 72.7 cd A−1, indicating that electric dipole layers are a feasible approach to enhance perovskite LEDs performance.
Bioinspired zwitterionic polyphosphoester modified porous silicon nanoparticles for efficient oral insulin delivery
Authors: Rao Rong , Liu Xuhan , Li Yinghuan , Tan Xi , Zhou Hong , Bai Xicheng , Yang Xiangliang , Liu Wei
Published: November 2020

Schematic representation of P(PyEP-g-SB)-AmPSiNPs across the mucus barrier and epithelial cell barrier.
Dehydroamino acid chemical biology: an example of functional group interconversion on proteins
Authors: Jones Lyn H.
Published: November 2020

The chemical biology of dehydroalanine and dehydrobutyrine in proteins is summarized and new concepts are presented.
Modulation of gut homeostasis by exopolysaccharides from Aspergillus cristatus (MK346334), a strain of fungus isolated from Fuzhuan brick tea, contributes to immunomodulatory activity in cyclophosphamide-treated mice
Authors: Xie Zhiyong , Bai Yixuan , Chen Guijie , Rui Ying , Chen Dan , Sun Yi , Zeng Xiaoxiong , Liu Zhonghua
Published: November 2020

In this study, exopolysaccharides (EPSs) from fungus Aspergillus cristatus (MK346334) isolated from Fuzhuan brick tea maintained gut homeostasis and exhibited immunomodulatory activity in cyclophosphamide-treated mice.
Lactobacillus plantarum relieves diarrhea caused by enterotoxin-producing Escherichia coli through inflammation modulation and gut microbiota regulation
Authors: Yue Yue , He Zhujun , Zhou Yonghua , Ross R. Paul , Stanton Catherine , Zhao Jianxin , Zhang Hao , Yang Bo , Chen Wei
Published: November 2020

Lactobacillus plantarum can relieve diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), but the remission mechanism has not been fully explained.
Mycobacterial drug discovery
Authors: Abrahams Katherine A. , Besra Gurdyal S.
Published: November 2020

Innovations in mycobacterial drug discovery to accelerate the identification of new drug candidates with confirmed targets and whole cell activity.
An in situ and rapid self-healing strategy enabling a stretchable nanocomposite with extremely durable and highly sensitive sensing features
Authors: Liu Yang , Fan Xiangqian , Feng Weimin , Shi Xinlei , Li Fengchao , Wu Jinhua , Ji Xinyi , Liang Jiajie
Published: November 2020

A spontaneous, rapid, and in situ self-healing strategy was proposed to boost both the durability and sensitivity of stretchable strain-sensing materials.
Synthesis of polystyrene living nanoparticles (LNPs) in water via nano-confined free radical polymerization
Authors: Chang Wei-Ting , Sie Jyun-Hao , Tsai Ya-Wen , Chen Yi-Wei , Peng Chi-How , Wang Xiaosong , Wang Chien-Lung
Published: November 2020

Nano-confined free radical polymerization of styrene within the hydrophobic interior of a unimolecular micelle in water was developed to produce living nanoparticles (LNPs) that contain living mono-disperse polystyrenes for further chain extension.
Investigations into CTA-differentiation-involving polymerization of fluorous monomers: exploitation of experimental variances in fine-tuning of molecular weights
Authors: Gu Yu , Wang Zongtao , Gong Honghong , Chen Mao
Published: November 2020

Condition and substrate effects on CTA-differentiation-involving polymerization were explored for logical control of molecular weight.
α-C–C agostic interactions and C–H bond activation in scandium cyclopropyl complexes
Authors: Xu Cheng , Li Guangyu , Etienne Michel , Leng Xuebing , Chen Yaofeng
Published: November 2020

Electron deficient scandium cyclopropyl complexes have been synthesized and fully characterized for the first time, and a combination of solid XRD, solution NMR and theoretical studies well demonstrated the α-C–C agostic interactions in the complexes.
Review on new horizons of aggregation induced emission: from design to development
Authors: G. R. Suman , Pandey Mayank , Chakravarthy A. S. Jeevan
Published: November 2020

This review provides the comprehensive study on recent developments in AIE materials and their mechanochromic, photodynamic therapeutic, theranostic, sensing and electroluminescent applications which offers new possibilities to utilize AIE materials.
Effect of tryptophan residues on gold mineralization by a gold reducing peptide
Authors: Ozaki Makoto , Yoshida Shuhei , Oura Maho , Tsuruoka Takaaki , Usui Kenji
Published: November 2020

Increasing the number of tryptophan (Trp) in peptides led to higher gold reducing ability and the peptides could disperse the generated gold-nanoparticles.
Potassium iodide reduces the stability of triple-cation perovskite solar cells
Authors: Alanazi Tarek I. , Game Onkar S. , Smith Joel A. , Kilbride Rachel C. , Greenland Claire , Jayaprakash Rahul , Georgiou Kyriacos , Terrill Nicholas J. , Lidzey David G.
Published: November 2020

The addition of alkali metal halides to hybrid perovskite materials can significantly impact their crystallisation and hence their performance when used in solar cell devices.
A comparative study of antimicrobial activity of differently-synthesized chitosan nanoparticles against bovine mastitis pathogens
Authors: Orellano M. Soledad , Bohl Luciana P. , Breser María L. , Isaac Paula , Falcone R. Darío , Porporatto Carina
Published: November 2020

We synthesized Ch-NPs using different types of reverse micelles as nanoreactors. The aim was to study their antimicrobial activity against bovine mastitis pathogens, focusing on the survival mechanisms of pathogens and the interaction between Ch-NPs and host cells.
Self-floating maize straw/graphene aerogel synthesis based on microbubble and ice crystal templates for efficient solar-driven interfacial water evaporation
Authors: Kong Yan , Dan Hongbing , Kong Wenjia , Gao Yue , Shang Yanan , Ji Kaidi , Yue Qinyan , Gao Baoyu
Published: November 2020

Water purification via the solar-driven evaporation of water is a promising solution to alleviate water crises.
Intracellular delivery of therapeutic antisense oligonucleotides targeting mRNA coding mitochondrial proteins by cell-penetrating peptides
Authors: Cerrato Carmine Pasquale , Kivijärvi Tove , Tozzi Roberta , Lehto Tõnis , Gestin Maxime , Langel Ülo
Published: November 2020

Development of a cell-penetrating peptide library to deliver biomolecules affecting mitochondria functionalities by targeting genes coding for mitochondrial proteins.
Analysis of factors affecting steering performance of wheeled skid‐steered vehicles
Authors: Wu Hang , Xiong Hui , Du Weitao , Yang Xiaodong , Xu Zhiliang , Yang Qifan , Shao Yimin
Published: November 2020

Wheeled skid‐steered vehicles have the advantages of compact structure, small steering radius and wide application. However, poor steering performance is an important limitation restricting the development of wheeled skid‐steered vehicles. A kinematic model for analysing the relationship between wheels’ rotation speed and the motion state of the vehicles’ mass centre based on Newton's second law was established, then the correctness of the kinematic model was verified by comparing the calculation results with simulation results. The key design perimeters affecting the steering performance were analysed by a control‐variable method based on the established kinematic model. The results indicate that the established kinematic model can evaluate the steering performance of skid‐steered vehicles correctly and can provide a reference for optimising the design of the vehicles.
White dwarf-open cluster associations based on Gaia DR2
Authors: Prišegen M. , Piecka M. , Faltová N. , Kajan M. , Paunzen E.
Published: November 2020

Context. Fundamental parameters and physical processes leading to the formation of white dwarfs (WDs) may be constrained and refined by discovering WDs in open clusters (OCs). Cluster membership can be utilized to establish the precise distances, luminosities, ages, and progenitor masses of such WDs.

Aims. We compile a list of probable WDs that are OC members in order to facilitate WD studies that are impractical or difficult to conduct for Galactic field WDs.

Methods. We use recent catalogs of WDs and OCs that are based on the second data release of the Gaia satellite mission (GDR2) to identify WDs that are OC members. This crossmatch is facilitated by the astrometric and photometric data contained in GDR2 and the derived catalogs. Assuming that most of the WD members are of the DA type, we estimate the WD masses, cooling ages, and progenitor masses.

Results. We have detected several new likely WD members and reassessed the membership of the literature WDs that had been previously associated with the studied OCs. Several of the recovered WDs fall into the recently reported discontinuity in the initial-final mass relation (IFMR) around Mi ∼ 2.0 M⊙, which allows for tighter constrains on the IFMR in this regime.
Analysis of mass sports development in Russia and Europe
Authors: Enchenko Irina , Myakonkov Victor , Egorova Nina
Published: November 2020

In this article, the authors consider the development of mass sports in Russia and Europe, study such indicators of the development of physical culture as the number of systematically engaged in physical activity, the age of the people engaged in sports, preferred places for physical training, as well as the level of satisfaction with the conditions for physical activity in the community. The authors also give examples of projects for the development of physical activity in Russia and Europe.
The role of posturography on the initial stage of sports training
Authors: Podlivaev Boris , Kurashvili Vladimir , Sinyuchkova Elena , Kuznetsov Alexandr
Published: November 2020

One of the main directions in the wrestlers training on the initial stage of sports training is the formation of the wrestler’s motion coordination abilities. Equilibrium function and anthropometric data including wrestler’s gender have essential differences in connection both with the child’s biological specialities and choosen athletic discipline special aspects. This research is focused on comparsion of variations in kinetic postural control affected by the lassitude among young athletes and non-athletes. 16 girl childs - freestyle wrestlers participates in this research. They are on initial stage of sports training. The control group consisted of 14 girl childs irrelevant to sports. There was made a hypothesis that the wrestlers lassitude can be measured subjectively (with the Borg scale) and objectively (with the stabilometrics), and that the wrestlers will better control their body position than the girls irrelevant to sports. Tecnobody Pro-Kin stabilometric platform was used to measure postural balance. There was determined statistically significant positive relationship of the investigated parameters changes between groups. As a result of the research we can make a conclusion that the offered method can provide reliable data concerning wrestler’s lassitude level. Analogues data are received with the rating of perceived exertion by Borg’s scale. As the result we can conclude that the offered postural balance research method is valid for the wrestler’s lassitude rating and can be used as a component of the complex athletes control system.
Evaluating the validity of diagnostic methods for scoliotic posture of primary school children
Authors: Moment Artem , Semenov Denis , Golubkov Victor , Mushtukova Olga , Semyonova Marina
Published: November 2020

Primary school children are exposed to asymmetric loads that lead to an imbalance of postural muscles and a violation of the body relative symmetry. Mass screening examinations in schools for scoliotic posture and scoliosis are conducted primarily through the Adams test. It has low reproducibility and a high frequency of false negative results. In practice, various methods for diagnosing posture disorders are also used. Some methods are based on the evaluation of postural muscles static endurance, elasticity and proportionality of their functional capabilities. Others are based on a comprehensive assessment of the ability to maintain an upright posture rationally. The third ones are based on the analysis of the tonic vibration and H-reflex of skeletal muscles on both sides of the vertebral column. All the above mentioned methods definitely have diagnostic potential. Therefore it was decided to determine the validity of some common methods for diagnosing posture disorders based on the analysis of their mutual congruence. Based on the results of the experiment, a reliable correlation between the studied parameters was established. It in turn allows us to judge the congruence of the considered diagnostic methods and, accordingly, the high probability of their validity.
Development of spiritual and moral personality of student-athletes, based on the educational role of classic works
Authors: Volchkova Venera , Karimova Sufiya , Teganyuk Valeriya , Sagitdinova Tanzilya , Shamsutdinova Albina
Published: November 2020

The article describes and presents the implementation results of a pilot model aimed at the spiritual and moral development of studentathletes’ personality using a classic work. The necessity of spiritual and moral development of student-athletes, which is a key component in the formation of a successful athlete, is substantiated in the article. The proposed model contributes to the increase of the spiritual and moral maturity level in the framework of the sports university curriculum. The unified structure of the “Foreign language” discipline is provided. Considering the prior to and after implementation results, the criteria of the spiritual and moral development of athletes when working on the classics in a foreign language class are updated.
Pedagogical kinesiology in correctional work with preschool children with various disabilities
Authors: Lukyanova Inna , Loshakova Nadezhda , Sigida Evgeniy , Utenkova Svetlana , Yunusov Farid
Published: November 2020

In recent years, there is a growing number of children with speech disorders, including General speech underdevelopment (GSU). GSU children have problems with communication, development, and difficulties in working together with their peers. The use of kinesiological exercises complex in correctional and developmental work with preschool children is effective for the development of coherent speech and optimization of interpersonal relationships in the children’s team.
Determination of influence effectiveness of ethnic games on the componential body composition of adult people (in the age of 50-57 y.o.) with the help of bioimpedance analysis
Authors: Abdyrakhmanova Dzhiparkul , Tynalieva Bakyt , Abdyrakhmanov Bekzhan , Bolzhirova Emiliia
Published: November 2020

The paper presents the results of research conducted for the first time in Kyrgyzstan under conditions of middle mountains aimed at studying the influence of ethnic games on the parameters of the componential composition of adults’ bodies with the help of bioimpedance analysis. 92 adults in the age of 50-57 y.o. have been studied. In the group of ethnic games, 47 out of 92 (30 men and 17 women) were studied during the first inspection. 23 people (11 men and 12 women) had been studied during the second inspection. 22 people (9 men and 13 women) had been investigated in the group of modern physical culture. Analysis of methodological literature, bioimpedance analysis (TANITA RD-953). Statistical data processing was supported by the program SPSS 22. The application of the bioimpedance method aimed at analyzing the influence of ethnic games and modern means of physical culture on the parameters of the adults’ body componential composition has shown the objective results of changes in the indices of respondents’ body componential structure. During the second inspection of the healthy men and women at the age of 50-57 body composition involved into playing ethnic games, there had been revealed reliable changes (Р<0,05) in such indices, as body weight, body build index, the total mass of fat, physical type, visceral fat, biological age, and water content. Comparative analysis of body composition between the group of men and women engaged in ethnic games and the groups of respondents engaged in modern physical culture means revealed that the men and women of both groups have indices of body build index, the total mass of fat, visceral fat, bone mass, physical type and biological age conforming to norms. The obtained results indicate the effectiveness and productivity of the bioimpedance analysis application for determining the influence on the componential composition of body and physical condition of adult people at the age of 50-57 years. They are occupied with ethnic games and modern means of physical culture in the conditions of mountain climate.
Technology of physical and coordination-technical improvement of firefighters and rescuers in training activities
Authors: Shalaginov Vasilij , Germanov Gennady , Grigorieva Elena , Korolkov Alexey , Kochetkova Ekaterina
Published: November 2020

The study defines pedagogical conditions that contribute to the growth of sports skills of men 19-23 years old, competing in fire and rescue sports. The conditions provide knowledge of the competitive activity laws implementation. The procedural and effective methods that solve the problems of developing physical and improving coordination and technical training of fire and rescue workers, introduce a differentiated approach to training athletes, taking into account the revealed competitive typology and predisposition to successful performance in certain applied disciplines of the sport. The model characteristics of athletes aged 19-23 years competitive activity are determined; individual and group typological features of sports performance in competitions are revealed and a differentiated approach to physical training of firefighters and rescuers is justified. The technology of combined physical and coordination-technical improvement of athletes aged 19-23 years in fire and rescue sports is developed based on the algorithm of training actions sequential change. The methodology of fire-rescue professional development is proved. There the leading party application process became sports and training activities with the use of firerescue sports. The method of training men-juniors 19-20 years old and young athletes 21-23 years old to participate in competitions in fire-rescue sports is developed. We used pedagogical experiment, pedagogical testing; instrumental methods; methods of mathematical statistics.
Methodology of teaching the techniques of playing volleyball among 11-12 year-old boys
Authors: Lazunina Irina , Kosheleva Maria
Published: November 2020

In all games, connected with the ball, main attention of a player should be paid to a moving ball. This rule ignoring leads to often inaccurate ball hitting. Admittedly, players should be taught to observe the opponent. But at the same time direct observation is held to the definite limit. And during the moment of direct training and hit fulfillment main attention is paid to the ball and other environment is observed only with the help of peripheral vision. During the game young volleyball players lose many favorable moments only because they can’t choose the best ways of a hit in the combat with the opponent. During the playing technique explanation and study it is necessary to study thoroughly the basis of the technique, the sequence of the separate body parts movements, speed and their amplitude during different techniques fulfillment. These factors are the main for volleyball player’s actions effectiveness achievement. While the attacking hit fulfillment and blocking it is important to control the opponent during the technique fulfillment. That is why it is necessary to master the ability to observe the opponent’s movements all the time, till the hit on the ball, among young volleyball players.
Retracted Article: Research on Laser Dazzle Simulation Using ZEMAX Software and MATLAB
Authors: jin Niu , xiping Xu , zhiyong An
Published: November 2020

This article published in MATEC Web of Conferences has been formally retracted on ethical grounds because the article contains extensive and repeated instances of plagiarism.
Durchführung und Umsetzung von StäB in einer Großklinik
Authors: Assion Hans-Jörg , Hecker Helen
Published: November 2020

Die Stationsäquivalente Behandlung (StäB) ist als fünfte Säule der Versorgung im Sozialgesetzbuch (SGB V) verankert. Diese Form der Zuhause-Behandlung bietet eine Reihe von Vorteilen bei der Bewältigung von psychischen Krisen. StäB ist geeignet, um stationäre Behandlung zu verhindern oder zu verkürzen und dient der Gestaltung von Behandlungsübergängen. StäB ist geeignet für Patienten, die bei Vorliegen einer stationären Behandlungsindikation nicht auf einer Station verbleiben können, weil es Angehörige oder Kinder zu versorgen gibt, die stationäre Therapie eine Überforderung darstellt oder das stationäre Milieu nicht als förderlich erlebt wird. Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Implementierung von StäB in einer Großklinik, mit sowohl einem Versorgungsauftrag im städtischen als auch ländlichen Raum. Konzept und Arbeitsalltag werden vorgestellt.
Förderfaktoren und Barrieren der Medikamentenadhärenz von Rehabilitanden mit kardiologischen Erkrankungen – Eine qualitative Befragung
Authors: Quaschning Katharina , Körner Mirjam
Published: November 2020

Ziel der Studie Die Medikamentenadhärenz von Menschen mit chronischen Erkrankungen ist häufig defizitär. Die vorliegende Studie untersuchte Förderfaktoren und Barrieren bezüglich der Umsetzung von ärztlich verordneter Medikation bei Rehabilitanden mit kardiologischen Erkrankungen in der medizinischen Rehabilitation.

Methodik Es wurden N=22 Rehabilitanden mit kardiologischen Erkrankungen in der medizinischen Rehabilitation mithilfe eines leitfadengestützten Interviews befragt. Alle Interviews wurden digital aufgezeichnet und wörtlich transkribiert. Die Analyse der Interviews erfolgte softwaregestützt (MAXQDA 12) nach dem zusammenfassenden inhaltsanalytischen Ansatz von Mayring. Die Hauptkategorien (Barrieren/Förderfaktoren) wurden deduktiv und die Subkategorien induktiv entwickelt.

Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 698 Textstellen in 22 Dokumenten codiert, im Durchschnitt 32 pro Interview (SD=13.2; Range 12–65). Die in der Hauptkategorie Barrieren vergebenen 370 Nennungen verteilen sich auf 13 Subkategorien (u. a. Sorglosigkeit, Mangelnde Informiertheit, Vorbehalte, Belastungen, Vergesslichkeit). Die in der Hauptkategorie Förderfaktoren vergebenen 328 Aussagen konnten 14 Subkategorien zugeordnet werden (u. a. Individuelle Strategien, Informiertheit, Hilfsmittel, Behandlungseinsicht, Kommunikation).

Schlussfolgerung Die Befunde legen nahe, dass eine mangelnde Medikamentenadhärenz v. a. durch ein individualisiertes Barrierenmanagement, das auf mehreren Ebenen ansetzen muss, verbessert werden kann.
Aggressive Treatment in Glioblastoma: What Determines the Survival of Patients?
Authors: Yu Lei , Zhang Guozhong , Qi Songtao
Published: November 2020

Background and Study Aims The exact reason of long-term survival in glioblastoma (GBM) patients has remained uncertain. Molecular parameters in addition to histology to define malignant gliomas are hoped to facilitate clinical, experimental, and epidemiological studies.

Material and Methods A population of GBM patients with similar clinical characteristics (especially similar resectability) was reviewed to compare the molecular variables between poor (overall survival [OS] < 18 months, control cohort) and long-term survivors (overall survival > 36 months, OS-36 cohort).

Results Long-term GBM survivors were younger. In the OS-36 cohort, the positive rate of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation was very low (7.69%, 3/39) and there was no statistical difference in OS between IDH mutant and wild-type patients. The results of 1p/19q codeletions are similar. Besides, there were no significant difference in MGMT promoter methylation, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutation, and TP53 mutations between OS-36 cohort and control cohort.

Conclusions No distinct markers consistently have been identified in long-term survivors of GBM patients, and great importance should be attached to further understand the biological characteristics of the invasive glioma cells because of the nature of diffuse tumor permeation.
Test-Retest Reliability of Ecological Momentary Assessment in Audiology Research
Authors: Wu Yu-Hsiang , Stangl Elizabeth , Chipara Octav , Zhang Xuyang
Published: November 2020

Abstract Background Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is a methodology involving repeated surveys to collect in situ data that describe respondents' current or recent experiences and related contexts in their natural environments. Audiology literature investigating
the test-retest reliability of EMA is scarce. Purpose This article examines the test-retest reliability of EMA in measuring the characteristics of listening contexts and listening experiences. Research Design An observational study. Study Sample Fifty-one
older adults with hearing loss. Data Collection and Analysis The study was part of a larger study that examined the effect of hearing aid technologies. The larger study had four trial conditions and outcome was measured using a smartphone-based EMA system. After completing
the four trial conditions, participants repeated one of the conditions to examine the EMA test-retest reliability. The EMA surveys contained questions that assessed listening context characteristics including talker familiarity, talker location, and noise location, as well as listening experiences
including speech understanding, listening effort, loudness satisfaction, and hearing aid satisfaction. The data from multiple EMA surveys collected by each participant were aggregated in each of the test and retest conditions. Test-retest correlation on the aggregated data was then calculated
for each EMA survey question to determine the reliability of EMA. Results At the group level, listening context characteristics and listening experience did not change between the test and retest conditions. The test-retest correlation varied across the EMA questions, with
the highest being the questions that assessed talker location (median r = 1.0), reverberation (r = 0.89), and speech understanding (r = 0.85), and the lowest being the items that quantified noise location (median r = 0.63),
talker familiarity (r = 0.46), listening effort (r = 0.61), loudness satisfaction (r = 0.60), and hearing aid satisfaction (r = 0.61). Conclusion Several EMA questions yielded appropriate test-retest
reliability results. The lower test-retest correlations for some EMA survey questions were likely due to fewer surveys completed by participants and poorly designed questions. Therefore, the present study stresses the importance of using validated questions in EMA. With sufficient numbers
of surveys completed by respondents and with appropriately designed survey questions, EMA could have reasonable test-retest reliability in audiology research.
Current and Future Surgical and Interventional Management Options for Adenomyosis
Authors: Chen Joseph , Porter Anne E. , Kho Kimberly A.
Published: November 2020

Historically, hysterectomy has been the recommended treatment for patients with adenomyosis. However, in the past two decades, various uterine-sparing treatment methods have emerged. These range from excisional techniques such as adenomyomectomy or wedge resection to uterine artery embolization, radiofrequency thermal ablation, hysteroscopic excision, endometrial ablation, and high-intensity focused ultrasound. While largely investigative for the treatment of adenomyosis, these procedures have demonstrated improvement in symptoms including abnormal uterine bleeding, dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, and overall quality of life. However, long-term data including fertility and obstetric outcomes are needed. Future research is needed to better understand the impact of these uterine-preserving techniques to expand our armamentarium for the treatment of adenomyosis.
Artificial Intelligence in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Greco Massimiliano , Caruso Pier F. , Cecconi Maurizio
Published: November 2020

The diffusion of electronic health records collecting large amount of clinical, monitoring, and laboratory data produced by intensive care units (ICUs) is the natural terrain for the application of artificial intelligence (AI). AI has a broad definition, encompassing computer vision, natural language processing, and machine learning, with the latter being more commonly employed in the ICUs. Machine learning may be divided in supervised learning models (i.e., support vector machine [SVM] and random forest), unsupervised models (i.e., neural networks [NN]), and reinforcement learning. Supervised models require labeled data that is data mapped by human judgment against predefined categories. Unsupervised models, on the contrary, can be used to obtain reliable predictions even without labeled data. Machine learning models have been used in ICU to predict pathologies such as acute kidney injury, detect symptoms, including delirium, and propose therapeutic actions (vasopressors and fluids in sepsis). In the future, AI will be increasingly used in ICU, due to the increasing quality and quantity of available data. Accordingly, the ICU team will benefit from models with high accuracy that will be used for both research purposes and clinical practice. These models will be also the foundation of future decision support system (DSS), which will help the ICU team to visualize and analyze huge amounts of information. We plea for the creation of a standardization of a core group of data between different electronic health record systems, using a common dictionary for data labeling, which could greatly simplify sharing and merging of data from different centers.