bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A IMPORTÂNCIA DE ALFABETIZAR LETRANDO O IDOSO
Authors: Fernandes Ivoni de Souza
Published: January 2021

Este artigo é resultado de uma observação durante o processo de alfabetização com idoso da Universidade Aberta para Terceira Idade (UNATI), da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás no ano de 2016. O trabalho discute a questão: Se é possível alfabetizar letrando. Tem como objetivo compreender os aspectos relevantes acerca da alfabetização, letramento e aprendizagem. A metodologia deste estudo baseou-se na pesquisa bibliográfica, e se fundamenta em Soares (2014), Kleiman (1998), Carvalho (2007) e outros. A alfabetização e o letramento são processos que se entrelaçam, são indissociáveis e devem acontecer de forma simultânea. Letrar é apreender as habilidades do hábito de ler e escrever, enquanto alfabetizar refere-se ao aprendizado das técnicas para a compreensão da linguagem e seus conteúdos gramaticais. Uma pessoa alfabetizada pode não ser letrada, pois não possui o hábito da leitura e não consegue responder às necessidades sociais da escrita e da leitura. A alfabetização e o letramento devem caminhar lado a lado no processo de aprendizagem. É importante alfabetizar letrando para que o idoso seja inserido no contexto cultural da sociedade. Propõe-se neste trabalho a urgência de resgatar as características de cada concepção e refletir sobre o papel do professor para que este consiga contemplar, no seu fazer pedagógico, uma proposta de alfabetizar letrando. Espera-se que este trabalho possa colaborar para o avanço da temática.
O IDOSO NA UNIVERSIDADE: INCLUSÃO, EDUCAÇÃO E EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA
Authors: Oliveira Rita de Cássia da Silva , Scortegagna Paola Andressa , Silva Flávia Oliveira Alves da
Published: January 2021

O envelhecimento da população mundial se apresenta como um fenômeno real, comprovado pelo censo que registra atualmente uma população de 25 milhões de idosos na sociedade brasileira. Ressalta-se que a educação se configura como uma importante ferramenta para a conscientização dos sujeitos e possibilita maior inclusão e participação social. O idoso sofre um processo de exclusão social, que aos poucos tenta ser superado pela implantação de políticas públicas que garantam direitos básicos a esta faixa etária, em especial aqui enfatizado o direito à educação, conforme prescrito no Estatuto do Idoso. Para a garantia deste direito, a sociedade deve se basear em uma concepção de inclusão não apenas como um movimento educacional, mas como um processo social e político. A educação inclusiva não é aquela que apenas aceita as diferenças, mas faz da diferença uma maneira distinta de expressão e de operacionalização do mundo. A universidade, no desempenho de suas funções (ensino, pesquisa e extensão), em especial, a extensão, oferece projetos para a educação do idoso, podendo-se citar a Universidade Aberta para a Terceira Idade. Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre a função extensionista da universidade e as Universidades Abertas para a Terceira Idade como ação para a inclusão e o empoderamento do idoso. O estudo também estabelece um perfil dos idosos que frequentam diferentes UATI brasileiras. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo, com a aplicação de questionários para idosos de 12 UATI de diferentes regiões geográficas. Pode-se identificar a heterogeneidade dos alunos das UATI investigadas.
APOSENTADORIA, PROFISSIONALIDADE E OS MOTIVOS DE PERMANÊNCIA NO MAGISTÉRIO PARA PROFESSORES SECUNDARISTA EM PRÉ-APOSENTADORIA
Authors: Iório Angela Cristina Fortes
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho é o recorte de uma pesquisa de doutorado, defendida no ano de 2016, com professores secundaristas em fase de pré-aposentadoria que trabalham com turmas de ensino médio regular na rede estadual de ensino do estado do Rio de Janeiro, em colégios estaduais localizados nas zonas sul e oeste, e próximos ao centro do município. A investigação teve o objetivo de pensar a Aposentadoria Docente e os motivos que mobilizaram os professores a permanecer atuando em sala de aula durante toda a trajetória profissional. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, cuja metodologia utilizada foi a entrevista semi-estruturada pensada com o intuito de mergulhar em profundidade nas trajetórias dos sujeitos investigados e nos sentidos imprimidos ao exercício da profissão. Foram entrevistados dezesseis professores, nove homens e sete mulheres, na faixa etária de 50 a 69 anos de idade, todos licenciados, onze possuem pós-graduação. A maioria tem duas matrículas como servidores públicos e leciona no ensino médio. Todos os docentes deram entrada em seus processos de aposentadoria no ano de 2015. Alguns autores se constituíram em interlocutores privilegiados para a análise e interpretação dos dados obtidos: António Nóvoa, Maurice Tardif e João Formosinho, pela contribuição ao campo da formação, profissionalização e ação docentes; François Dubet e Claude Dubar, na compreensão da complexidade da profissão, lançando um olhar sociológico sobre o trabalho docente. Os dados mapeados evidenciaram que, os professores não se arrependem da carreira escolhida, construíram uma autoimagem professoral positiva e permaneceram no magistério pelo prazer em lecionar o conteúdo de suas disciplinas e pela competência relacional que desenvolveram durante a trajetória docente.
EXPERIÊNCIAS DE EDUCAÇÃO EM AGROECOLOGIA EM ESCOLAS ITINERANTES E DE ASSENTAMENTO VINCULADAS AO MST NO PARANÁ: A FUNÇÃO SOCIAL DA ESCOLA NA CONSTRUÇÃO DA AGROECOLOGIA
Authors: Vieira Thaile Cristina Lopes
Published: January 2021

Esse estudo aborda as questões da formação docente e a temática sexualidade enquanto assuntos que apresentam desafios e contradições no contexto educacional. O objetivo desse trabalho foi de analisar o que ocorre em sala de aula quando o assunto refere-se à temática gênero, após a realização de uma oficina oferecida a alunos de Cursos de Licenciatura em Pedagogia e Educação Física, durante uma Semana de Estudos Integrados de um instituição de ensino superior do interior do estado de São Paulo. A oficina teve como título “Abordando sexualidade e gênero na formação docente”. Foi possível perceber, após análise da mesma, que os alunos dos cursos de licenciatura conhecem muito pouco sobre a temática sexualidade e especificamente gênero; há uma visão biologizante sobre o assunto e não há maturidade para um debate mais incisivo no assunto. Assim, pesquisas que envolvam a formação docente e a temática da sexualidade são fundamentais nos cursos de licenciatura, para que possam proporcionar discussões e mudanças nos currículos dos cursos de graduação para que tenhamos em um futuro próximo uma sociedade menos preconceituosa e mais tolerante.
Expediente
Authors: Nadal Beatriz Gomes
Published: January 2021

Expediente do volume 20(2)
OLHARES SOBRE OS GESTORES DA REDE ESTADUAL DE ENSINO DE UBERLÂNDIA/MG
Authors: Faleiro Wender , Puentes Roberto Valdes
Published: January 2021

O presente estudo objetiva conhecer os gestores do Ensino Médio de escolas públicas de Uberlândia/MG, e compreender como gerem as atividades pedagógicas do ambiente escolar. A pesquisa é quanti-qualitativa, e utilizou questionários para entrevistar os gestores das sete escolas selecionadas para o presente estudo. Ao menos um gestor (diretor, vice e/ou supervisor pedagógico) respondeu ao questionário, totalizando 20 gestores, desses a grande maioria foi do sexo feminine, brancos(as), casados(as) e com idade entre 30 a 50 anos.Quando ao grau de instrução todos possuem nível superior de ensino, e 75% concluíram seus estudos em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) pública, 73,7% fizeram pós-graduação latu-sensu, e nenhum realizou pós-graduação stricto-sensu. Todos os gestores das escolas pesquisadas disseram sentir-se preparados para exercerem o cargo que ocupam, e a maioria (55%) disse que obteve essa preparação na Escola, 25% na Superintendência Estadual de Educação e apenas 20% na Universidade. A gestão necessita ser de fato democrática, investindo na prática de atividades coletivas, colaborativas, de pesquisa e de formação de todos os atores educacionais. Aos gestores falta a liderança das equipes, e criar condições adequadas e estimular a efetivação do Projeto político-pedagógico e do respectivo currículo. Observou-se em todas as escolas, falta de zelo e dedicação na elaboração do PPP e controvérsias existentes ao longo dos documentos.
Avaliação da ocorrência e dos conhecimentos sobre disfunção temporomandibular em profissionais da Equipe de Saúde da Família do Grupo Hospitalar Conceição
Authors: Rhoden Angélica , Braz Marcylene Arruda , Brew Myrian Camara , Cruz Raul Antônio , Grossmann Eduardo , Bavaresco Caren Serra
Published: January 2021

As disfunções temporomandibulares (DTM) são caracterizadas por um conjunto de problemas clínicos que envolvem a articulação temporomandibular, os músculos da mastigação e as estruturas associadas. Considerando-se o elevado número de pessoas com DTM e que a busca por tratamento tem aumentado nos últimos anos, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de DTM entre os integrantes da Equipe de Saúde da Família (ESF) e o conhecimento dos profissionais em relação a essa condição. Os questionários foram aplicados em 87 profissionais da ESF do Grupo Hospitalar Conceição. O primeiro questionário avaliou a prevalência de DTM, no segundo foi coletado os dados sociodemográficos e, por último, avaliou-se o conhecimento sobre a etiologia, o diagnóstico e o tratamento das DTM. A análise dos dados foi realizada através dos testes Qui-quadrado ou Teste T de Student para um p≤0,05.  Os resultados demonstraram que os profissionais incluídos, em sua maioria, apresentam DTM leve e que o percentual de acertos dos dentistas foi superior estatisticamente ao dos médicos apenas no item tratamento. É de suma importância que os profissionais das ESF estejam preparados para atender a demanda de pacientes que apresentam os sinais e sintomas compatíveis com DTM.
Dental trauma with intrusive luxation and six-year monitoring: clinical case report
Authors: Vasconcelos Amanda De Albuquerque , Ponte Yohana De Oliveira , Girão Daniela Cavalcante , Reis Juliana Tiethbol de Almeida , Carneiro Sofia Vasconcelos , Rodrigues Italo Sarto Carvalho
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: relatar um caso clinico de intrusão com acompanhamento clínico e radiográfico de 6 anos, que apresentou hipoplasia de esmalte na coroa do dente 11. Relato de caso: Paciente 03 anos, sexo feminino, apresentou intrusão dos dentes decíduos 51, 52, 61 e 62. Após radiografia foi detectado que os dentes 51 e 61 tinham perfurado o soalho da fossa nasal, porém ocorreu re-erupção dos 4 dentes e foi realizado acompanhamento. Após 6 meses, os dentes 51 e 61, foi observada perda óssea na região interproximal e mobilidade, optando-se pelas exodontias. Os dentes 52 e 62 reerupcionaram em posição satisfatória e com ausência de sinais e sintomas de infecções, alterações periapicais e mobilidade, foram mantidos no arco. Após 6 anos, foi observado que o dente 11 erupcionou apresentando hipoplasia de esmalte. Considerações Finais: Mostrou-se essencial o controle, clínico e radiográfico a longo prazo, diagnosticando precocemente possíveis alterações e minimizando sequelas que podem acometer os dentes permanentes.
Reabilitação de maxila atrófica com implantes zigomáticos: relato de caso
Authors: Rocha Filype Kaique Leite , De Jesus Leila Guerreiro , De Assis Adriano Freitas
Published: January 2021

Maxilas severamente atrofiadas representam um desafio às reabilitações implantossuportadas. A reconstrução maxilar com enxertos ósseos para permitir a reabilitação com implantes osseointegrados é um tratamento com boa previsibilidade e alto índice de sucesso. No entanto, a morbidade causada pela necessidade de regiões doadoras e grande quantidade de osso dificulta a aceitação dos pacientes; podendo, inclusive, ser contraindicada dependendo da condição sistêmica. O objetivo deste trabalho é revisar a literatura, discutir as indicações, complicações, previsibilidade das reabilitações com implantes zigomáticos, assim como relatar um caso. Os implantes zigomáticos surgiram como uma alternativa para a reabilitação de pacientes maxilectomizados, decorrente da exérese de tumores. Contudo, a técnica foi extrapolada para os casos de atrofia óssea severa, como abordado no caso em questão, e perdas ósseas decorrentes de infecções ou traumas, diminuindo o tempo e a morbidade do tratamento, quando comparada à reconstrução óssea. A reabilitação com implantes zigomáticos pode apresentar complicações, como o mau posicionamento dos implantes, comprometendo a reabilitação; todavia, apesar das restrições da técnica, a literatura mostra que os implantes zigomáticos, quando bem indicados, representam uma boa alternativa para a reabilitação de maxilas severamente atrofiadas.
Restabelecimento de ponto de contato em dentes com coroas totais posteriores
Authors: Cenci Jaisson , Castilhos Jussimar Scheffer , Hirata Francielle Carneiro , Da Silva Kaohana Thaís , Nassar Carlos Augusto
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: A presença do ponto de contato é essencial para manter a saúde das estruturas periodontais, além de evitar inclinações dentárias e desgastes, conservando assim, uma oclusão ideal. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um relato de caso clínico com restabelecimento dos pontos de contato de forma conservadora, através da ortodontia e da dentística restauradora, em dentes com coroas totais. Relato de caso: Paciente do gênero feminino, 69 anos de idade, compareceu a clínica odontológica da universidade com queixa de impacção alimentar e desconforto na região superior posterior direita da arcada. Foi observado clinicamente ausência do ponto de contato entre os dentes 15, 16 e 17 e optado pelo tratamento multidisciplinar envolvendo a ortodontia e a dentística restauradora. Para isso, foram utilizados bráquetes no segundo pré-molar e no primeiro molar superior direito (dentes 15 e 16, respectivamente), e botões ortodônticos nas faces palatinas dos mesmos, e do segundo molar superior (dente 17), unidos por elástico corrente tamanho médio. Quando obtidos os pontos de contato, foi realizada a restauração do primeiro pré-molar direito (dente 17) com resina composta. Considerações finais: O uso de elásticos corrente e botões ortodônticos foram satisfatórios para a obtenção de pontos de contato entre esses dentes.
Synthetic seed technology for encapsulation and regrowth of in vitro-derived shoot-tips and somatic embryos of Asparagus officinalis L
Authors: Abbasi Fereshteh , Majd Ahmad , Farahvash Farhad , Nejadsattari Taher , Tarinejad Alireza
Published: January 2021

Apical buds obtained from Asparagus plant vitro culture and somatic embryos obtained from stem cultivation, explants in MS medium supplemented with mg¹ᶫ 1, 2, 4-D and mg¹ᶫ 1 and Kinetin have been used in this research to produce artificial seeds. We encapsulated apical buds and somatic embryo using 2% sodium alginate and calcium chloride to prepare the artificial seeds. We placed artificial seeds at room temperature (about 25 ° C), in the cold, the temperature of 4 ° C and -18 ° C for different times (15,30,60,90 days) and evaluated the growing power of these seeds in MS and ½MS mediums for further investigations about the viability of seeds. The highest conversion percentage of seedlings in encapsulated embryos (70.01) was related to seed harvested from embryos treated with BA and the highest conversion percentage of seedlings in apical buds (96.54) was obtained from cultivated untreated seeds in MS medium. Encapsulated arteries and buds maintained germination energy and viability with increasing storage time after 90 days of storage at 4 and 25 ° C despite viability reduction while un-capsulated embryos and buds completely lost viability after 60 days of storage at 4 and 25 ° C and seeds stored at -18 ° C completely lost viability after 15 days of storage. In general, the percentage of seed germination and conversion to seedling is higher in seeds cultivated in MS medium compared to seeds cultivated in ½MS medium.
Ranking of units by corrected cross-efficiency method using optimal weights in the smallest interval
Authors: Gholami Golsefid Fatemeh , Daneshian Behrouz , Rostamy-Malkhalifeh Mohsen
Published: January 2021

An important method for ranking of decision making units (DMUs) in data envelopment analysis (DEA) is cross-efficiency method. This study proposes a secondary multi-objective model for calculating optimal weights with least dispersion. Firstly, these weights are placed in the smallest interval. Secondly, the cross-efficiency of each of the other units has the least deviation from the CCR efficiency of the same unit. Therefore, optimal weights are obtained which have the least dispersion. As result, the zero optimal weights which lead to the triviality of the relevant index, are avoided as far as possible. Hence, using the average cross-efficiency, the results of the ranking would be more reasonable. Using the proposed model for ranking of six nursing homes, the results show that this model is more accurate. Finally, in order to improve performance of the emergency department of a hospital, the proposed model is used to rank 11 defined scenarios.
Investigating the effect of land use changes on soil erosion using RS-GIS and AHP-Fuzzy based techniques (Case Study: Qaresu Watershed, Ardabil, Iran)
Authors: Namdar Fereshteh , Mahmoudi Shahla , Esmali Ouri Abazar , Pazira Ebrahim
Published: January 2021

The intensity of soil erosion to occur in a region depends on multiple factors including climatic conditions, elevation, terrain, soil type, and land use. Among these factors, land use is one of the particular importance as it reflects the outsized role of humans in the exacerbation of erosion condition. This study aimed to investigate the effects of land use changes on soil erosion in Qaresu watershed, using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) techniques, a watershed with an area of ​​4370.8 km2 located in the center of Ardabil province, northwest of Iran. For this purpose, the 1985 and 2015 Landsat images captured by TM and OLI-TIRS sensors were used to develop the land use maps of the watershed area using the maximum likelihood method. The erosion zoning maps were then developed by integrating the maps of land use, slope, lithology, distance from roads, distance from streams, precipitation, and soil using the Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) method after an AHP-based weighting stage. The results showed that in the 30-year period from 1985 to 2015, the region has experienced a decrease in the area of forest, dry farming, and rangeland land uses and an increase in the area of land uses defined as urban, barren, irrigated farming, and water cover. In total, dry farming and rangeland were the largest land-uses in the studied area. According to the developed erosion zoning maps, in 1985, 14.4% and 36.84%, and in 2015, 15.64% and 32.3% of the studied area belonged to high and very high risk zones in terms of erosion potential, respectively. In defined two periods, high risk and very high risk zones were mostly positioned over dry and irrigated farmlands.
Innovation Management in the Supply Chains of Russian Natural Gas, Taking into Account the Regional Structure of its Production
Authors: Igor Leonidovich Beilin
Published: January 2021

The article describes the role of Russia in the global gas industry, on the basis of the analysis of the factual data cited, conclusions are drawn about the provision of the economy with the considered minerals, the main problems in managing the supply chains of natural gas and liquefied natural gas are formulated, and innovative ways to solve them are proposed. Based on the fuzzy modeling method, it was shown that the maximum amount of budget revenues from the export duty of Russian natural gas from the main gas-bearing regions can almost double. At the same time, the minimum volume in the same case remains virtually unchanged, remaining within 10%. The use of fuzzy modeling in innovation management in the supply chains of Russian natural gas is caused by high volatility in the global commodity markets, both for the underlying asset (in this case, natural gas) and for derivative financial instruments (derivatives). Based on the simplex optimization method, innovation management schemes have been developed in the supply chains of Russian natural gas, taking into account the regional structure of its production. The differences in the economic efficiency of the export duty for the Russian budget between the supply of pipeline natural gas and liquefied natural gas are shown. The author’s methods presented in the article can be used as additional innovative tools for making strategic and operational management decisions by industry leaders and public authorities.
Neural Network for Handwriting Recognition
Authors: M. Butaev Mikhail , Yu. Babich Mikhail , Salnikovq Igor I. , Martyshkin Alexey I. , Pashchenko Dmitry V. , Trokoz Dmitry A.
Published: January 2021

Today, in the digital age, the problem of pattern recognition is very relevant. In particular, the task of text recognition is important in banking, for the automatic reading of documents and their control; in video control systems, for example, to identify the license plate of a car that violated traffic rules; in security systems, for example, to check banknotes at an ATM and in many other areas. A large number of methods are known for solving the problem of pattern recognition, but the main advantage of neural networks over other methods is their learning ability. It is this feature that makes neural networks attractive to study. The article proposes a basic neural network model. The main algorithms are considered and a programming model is implemented in the Python programming language. In the course of research, the following shortcomings of the basic model were revealed: low learning rate (the number of correctly recognized digits in the first epochs of learning); retraining - the network has not learned to generalize the knowledge gained; low probability of recognition - 95.13%.To solve the above disadvantages, various techniques were used that increase the accuracy and speed of work, as well as reduce the effect of network retraining.
Diseño térmico de un intercambiador de calor de tubo y coraza para el enfriamiento de metanol
Authors: Pérez Sánchez Amaury , Ranero González Elizabeth , Pérez Sánchez Eddy , Liaño Abascal Norlem , Gastamiza Sicilia Cosette
Published: January 2021

La transferencia de calor entre fluidos es una parte esencial de la mayoría de los procesos químicos. En el presente trabajo se efectuó el diseño térmico de un intercambiador de calor de tubo y coraza para realizar el enfriamiento de una corriente de metanol desde 60 hasta 30 ºC, utilizando agua a 5 ºC como agente de enfriamiento. El equipo diseñado tendrá un diámetro de la coraza de 0,39 m, un paso de los tubos de 0,0254 m, un numero de deflectores de 26, un espaciado de los deflectores de 0,186 m, un numero de tubos de 124, una superficie de sobrediseño (SSD) de 26,25 % y una longitud calculada (LC) de 3,71 m. Las caídas de presión calculadas fueron de 3972,93 Pa y 3099,59 Pa para el agua y el metanol, respectivamente. El intercambiador de calor de tubo y coraza diseñado es adecuado para el servicio demandado, debido a que la SSD no supera el 40%; se cumple que Lc < LT; y los valores calculados de las caídas de presión no son superiores a la caída de presión máxima permisible para ambas corrientes. Por último, el equipo diseñado tendrá un costo preliminar de USD $ 41 800.
Características de la actividad sísmica de Cuba
Authors: Cotilla Rodríguez Mario Octvio
Published: January 2021

Se presenta un análisis sobre la actividad sísmica de Cuba. Esta isla tiene una Mmáx de 7,7 que está asociada a las inmediaciones de Cabo Cruz, con la falla Oriente. El mayor peligro sísmico está en la ciudad de Santiago de Cuba. La sismicidad de las islas vecinas ha afectado a Cuba, y ellas tienen un mayor nivel de actividad, incluida la tsunamigénica. Se da un diagnóstico de terremotos fuertes.
Palmdale Bulge and its significance
Authors: Lensen G. J.
Published: January 2021

As an aftermath to the 1971 San Fernando earthquake in southern California two existing levelling routes were relevelled in order to assess the amount of earth shift that triggered this earthquake. Comparison of the new and old data revealed two important points:

(a) the 1971 earthshift resulted in a maximum uplift of 2 m on the upthrown (Transverse Ranges) side and a maximum subsidence of 110 mm on the downthrown (Los Angeles basin complex) side.

(b) prior to the 1971 earthshift the area was deforming for at least 10 years, reaching over the period 1968-69 the maximum of about 80 mm uplift in the future epicentral area.
Estimation of Receiver Operating Characteristic Surface Using Mixtures of Finite Polya Trees (MFPT)
Authors: Koech Ben Kiprono
Published: January 2021

Generalisation of Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve has become increasingly useful in evaluating the performance of diagnostic tests that have more than binary outcomes. While parametric approaches have been widely used over the years, the limitations associated with parametric assumptions often make it difficult to modelling the volume under surface for data that do not meet criteria under parametric distributions. As such, estimation of ROC surface using nonparametric approaches have been proposed to obtained insights on available data. One of the common approaches to non-parametric estimation is the use of Bayesian models where assumptions about priors can be made then posterior distributions obtained which can then be used to model the data. This study uses Polya tree priors where mixtures of Polya trees approach was used to model simulated three-way ROC data. The results of VUS estimation which is considered a suitable inference in evaluating performance of a diagnostic test, indicated that the mixtures of Polya trees model fitted well the ROC surface data. Further, the model performed relatively well compared to parametric and semiparametric models under similar assumptions.  
Growth Pattern of Animals Is a Model for the Growth of Humans
Authors: Stass V. L.
Published: January 2021

The aim of this research was to translate a reading of a growth model of pigs to the modelling of growth of humans. The growth of individuals in the studied species is both a species-specific and phenotype-dependant process. The process is known as ontogenesis and has been considered as a dynamic system. The method used in the study was mathematical modelling. A hybrid model of animal's growth was applied to the experimental evidence to produce a reading of the growth dynamic. In the study, an earlier formulated analytical model of pig growth was developed to analyse a possible translation to the growth of humans. The study implies that in animals, the growth trajectory is phenotype-dependant, nonlinear and discontinuous. In some aspects such as saltatory growth and longevity as well as the discontinuous dynamic of the growth trajectory the translation of the results for the modelling the growth of humans were discussed.
Biological, Mechanical or Physical? Conservative Treatment of Cervical Radiculopathy
Authors: Godek Piotr , Murawski Piotr , Ruciński Wojciech , Guzek Michał
Published: January 2021

Background. There is equivocal evidence in support of the effectiveness of each of the three co-existing approaches to conservative treatment of cervical radiculopathy (CR): biological (regenerative), mechanical (decompression) and physical (analgesic and anti-inflammatory). The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of the three treatment approaches in CR.
Material and methods. A total of 90 patients were assigned to six treatment groups. Biological treatment: 4 ultra­sound-guided periradicular injections of ACS or PRP (1 per week); Mechanical treatment: manual therapy (MT) or traction therapy (TT) - 8 ses­sions (two per week); Physical treatment: laser therapy (LT) or collagen magnetophoresis (CM) - 8 sessions (two per week). As­sessment: before therapy (W0), after completion of the treatment (W1), two months after completion (W2). Assessment tools: NRS (0-10), NDI (0-50), cross section root area in mm2 in ultrasound examination (CRA) and hand sensorimotor function test (DPT).
Results. The largest reduction in mean NRS, NDI and CRA values at W2 was observed with the biological treatments (NRS: ACS 71.7%, PRP 70.6%, NDI: ACS 61.5%, PRP 56.6%, CRA: ACS 23.6 %, PRP 25%). Improvement of hand sensorimotor functions was observed at both W1 and W2 only in the PRP group. The PRP group demonstrated a stronger analgesic effect than the ACS group at W1 (58.82% compared to 43.39%), but ACS therapy had the same effectiveness during the follow-up period. Other methods reduced pain and disability at W1, but further reduction of mean NRS values during the follow-up period was only evident in the CM group (32.25%), very mild in the MM (19.35%) and LT groups (18.75%), and the TT group actually demonstrated a regression (-5.58%). In 3 cases, TT exacerbated the symptoms, which resulted in termination of the therapy.
Conclusions. 1. Biological treatments were more effective than mechanical and physical therapies in reducing pain, im­proving the disability index and proprioception of the hand both immediately on completion of therapy and after a follow-up period, which may suggest their regenerative properties. 2. Physical and mechanical therapies produced improvement in the above-mentioned indicators on completion of the therapy, but subsequently exerted a very slight effect during the follow-up period without evident regenerative effects; moreover, a regression of the results was actually recorded for traction therapy. 3. Caution should be paid when using traction therapy in the acute period of root oedema, due to possible signs of intolerance of the procedure and exacerbation of the discomfort.
MRI Assessment of Anterolateral Ligament Injury of Knee Joint
Authors: Krasnoperov Sergii
Published: January 2021

Background. Clinical diagnosis of the anterolateral ligament (ALL) insufficiency is rather complicated. Accordingly, it is necessary to use MRI for accurate diagnosis in patients with complex anterolateral instability of knee joint. The purpose of our work was to determine the possibilities of MRI in the diagnosis of anterolateral ligament lesions.
Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 224 MRI studies of patients with ACL injuries was performed. 107 studies were performed on a 3.0 Tesla device and 117 studies were performed on a 1.5 Tesla device.
Results. In 29 cases (13%), it was impossible to visualize ALL on MRI, so these patients were excluded from the study, while 195 patients (87%) remained in the study. 128 (65.6%) of the 195 remaining patients did not show signs of ALL rupture, while 67 patients (34.4%) had sings of rupture. In the group with ALL lesions, the femoral part was injured in 50.7% (34 patients), the tibial part in 19.4% (13 patients), and the middle part in 29.9% (20 patients).
Conclusions. 1. In our study, we determined that the ALL was visualized in 87% of patients with ACL injury.
2. In our patients’ group, the frequency of a concomitant ALL lesion together with an ACL lesion was 34.4%, when an MRI study was performed up to 6 weeks from the moment of trauma.
A Comparative Study for Different Types of Thumb Base Osteoarthritis Injections: A Randomized Controlled Interventional Study
Authors: Abdelsabor Sabaah( Hala Mohamed , EL Fattah Radwa Abd , Al Zifzaf Dina , Saad Hana
Published: January 2021

Background. Base of the thumb osteoarthritis (OA) represents a challenge to clinicians due to limited efficient treatment options. Local injection treatment is a good choice for its low systemic side effects and rapid improvement. We conducted our study to compare the effectiveness of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) versus hyaluronic acid injection (HA) versus corticosteroids in thumb carpometacarpal(CMC) joint osteoarthritis based on clinical and functional outcome measures.
Material and methods. 45 patients with thumb CMC OA, assessed by palpation for joint tenderness grading, Provocative tests (Grind test and Lever test), VAS for pain, AUSCAN score for hand function, grip and pinch strength. Patients were randomly divided into three equal groups, Group 1 received an intra-articular PRP injection. Group 2 received an HA injection, and Group 3 a corticosteroid injection. Re-evaluation was done at 4 and 12 weeks.
Results. All groups showed a significant improvement after 4 weeks regarding VAS, tenderness grading, AUSCAN score, grip and pinch strength in comparison to before injection. However, these improvements were not sustained for the PRP and steroid groups after 12 weeks, when there was a deterioration in the AUSCAN score, highly statistically increase in VAS and decrease in grip & pinch strength, while the HA group showed a highly statistically significant improvement at 12 weeks on all items evaluated.
Conclusion. 1. The 3 types of injection (PRP, HA, steroids) produced good results in thumb base OA with re­gard to improving pain and hand function, but only HA had a long-lasting effect and best results for pain and function. 2. The limitations in our study may be the follow-up period which needs to be longer to show how long the effect will last with HA.
NEUROMARKERS OF ANXIETY IN A PATIENT WHO HAD EXPERIENCED A TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK (TIA) OF THE LEFT BRAIN HEMISPHERE AS A RESULT OF A CRITICAL STENOSIS OF THE INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY (ICA) OPERATED ON BY ENDARTERECTOMY (CEA)
Authors: Wilczek-Rużyczka Ewa , Mirski Andrzej , Korab Maciej , Trystuła Mariusz
Published: January 2021

The search for neuromarkers is a very promising way to improve psychiatric and psychological care. They are now considered to be an innovative diagnostic tool in psychiatry and neuropsychology, but more broadly in all human health sciences. The aim of our study was to find the neuromarker of anxiety in a patient who had experienced a Transient IschemicAttack (TIA) of the left brain hemisphere as a result of a critical stenosis of the Internal Carotid Artery (ICA) operated on byendarterectomy (CEA).

We will present the case of a 54-year-old man,an architect, who experienced a Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) of the left brain hemispherecaused by a critical stenosis of theInternal Carotid Artery (ICA) and was treated successfully with surgical endarterectomy (CEA). One year after the surgery itself, the patient developed severe postoperative anxiety, headaches, difficulty in sleepingas well as the inability to continue working in his profession. Strong anxiety was notedon the adapted 100-millimeter Visual Analogue Anxiety Scale (VAAS). The patient was assessed using the Human Brain Index (HBI) methodology (Kropotov 2009; 2016; 2017; Pąchalska, Kaczmarek&Kropotov 2014) which consisted of recording 19-channel EEG in resting state conditions, during the cued GO/NOGO task and comparing the parameters of EEG spectra and Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) with the normative and patient databases of the Human Brain Index(HBI). No signs of cognitive dysfunction was found, however an excessive Rolandic beta was observed. In line with the working hypothesis as to the presence of an anxiety neuromarker, the patient’s studies confirmed an increased P1 time wave in the left hemisphere of the brain in ERP in response to visual stimuli, i.e. an anxiety neuromarker. Following the detection of this neuromarkera specific anodic Transcranial Direct Current Stimulations (tDCS) protocol was proposed (see: Kropotov 2016; Pąchalska, Kaczmarek & Kropotov 2020). Ten tDCS sessions were performed and the postoperativeanxiety was found to be resolved. The patient returned to work.

The use of Human Brain Index (HBI) methodologyenabling the isolation of the Event Related Potentials (ERPs) patterns revealed the presence of a distinct anxietyneuromarker. Neurotherapy with the use of tDCS allowed the reduction of anxiety symptoms and the patient’s return to work. The above case study indicates the necessity to use new neurotechnologies in the diagnosis of mental diseases, with particular emphasis on postoperative anxiety.
Activity of enterprises in the wood-based sector under conditions of economic uncertainty
Authors: Mikołajczak Elżbieta , Wieruszewski Marek , Wanat Leszek
Published: January 2021

Activity of enterprises in the wood-based sector under conditions of economic uncertainty. The state of the epidemic in Poland and the resulting restrictions caused serious disturbances in the economy. Entrepreneurs, conducting business in conditions of economic uncertainty and the threat of a crisis, are looking for various support tools, including adequate government programs. The study attempts to identify and evaluate selected anti-crisis tools, dedicated and possible to be used in the wood-based sector in Poland. The impact of these tools on economic activity was assessed by entrepreneurs, with particular emphasis on the opinions of manufacturers of wooden and cork products, producers of paper and paper products and furniture manufacturers, categorizing industry specializations in accordance with the Polish Classification of Activities. In the comparative analysis, selected economic indicators were used, based on secondary data of public statistics, according to the assessment of the current economic situation and its forecast expressed in the opinion of entrepreneurs. As a result, it was found that despite the ongoing epidemic, entrepreneurs in the wood-based sector relatively often use government support tools, showing moderate optimism under the conditions of economic uncertainty.
Facultative subject for students of the Faculty of Physical Education: “The basis of nutrition in sport”
Authors: Szpakow Andrzej
Published: January 2021

The period of studying at a higher school is the time of creating new behavioral patterns. Separation from parents and the infuence of a new social environment both contribute to the changes in our behavior including our nutritional habits. Five-year experience of conducting the authorial facultative subject entitled ‘The basis of nutrition in sport’ has shown its efectiveness in creating proper diets in sport. The aim of the subject, introduced during the fnal year at the Faculty of Physical Education, is to teach about proper and balanced diets and using this knowledge in order to prevent diferent body dysfunctions. It is also to teach how to work out a suitable and adequate nutritional program for a sportsman for a particular period of training or during the competitions or regeneration. Students who decide to choose the subject (usually it is the majority of groups) acquire the abilities necessary in practice and the ones which refer to solving various aspects of modern attitudes towards nutrition in sport. Each student prepares his/her own individual evaluation of the condition of nutrition on the educational platform named ‘Moodle” (e-learning). An original educational and verifying computer program is being used which is based on the students’ individual work. Their knowledge on the principles of proper nutrition is evaluated and corrected.
Ultrasound assessment of the meniscus complex formation in health children and with the 1st stage of longitudinal platypodia ones
Authors: Ivantsov Alexei , Vorobyeva Daria
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Foot arch reduces the exposure of weight and buf load due to its bufer function. in longitudinal platypodia foot looses this function and articular menisci have to take the role of the bufers (shock absorbers). Materials and Methods: Ultrasound assessment of meniscus thickness was performed on the joint space level. Results: varus type (43.4%) of the meniscus complex adaptation was dominant in 5-7 years old patients with the 1st stage longitudinal platypodia; symmetric type (51.9%) – in 8-12 years old patients; valgus type (56%) – in 13-17 years old ones. Healthy children showed the valgus type in all age periods. Conclusions: in our opinion the dominance of the varus type of the meniscus complex in 5-7 aged children and its further conversion into the valgus type in case of the 1st stage longitudinal platypodia refects the reduction of the lower extremities transformation processes from the varus into the most functional convenient valgus position at the age of 13-17. Keywords: meniscus, children, ultrasound investigation.
Regulacja układu zależnego od tioredoksyny jako element farmakoterapii w chorobach z zaburzeniami równowagi redoks
Authors: Jastrząb Anna , Skrzydlewska Elżbieta
Published: January 2021

Streszczenie

Działanie wielu czynników egzogennych, a także zaburzone procesy metaboliczne komórek przyczyniają się do nasilonego wytwarzania oksydantów, a to zaburza równowagę redoks, wywołując zmiany metaboliczne, w tym śmierci lub transformacji nowotworowej komórek. Jednak każda komórka zawiera antyoksydanty, które mają zapobiegać tego typu sytuacjom. Jednym z układów antyoksydacyjnych, funkcjonujących w komórkach, jest układ zależny od tioredoksyny, w skład którego wchodzą: tioredoksyna (Trx), reduktaza tioredoksyny (TrxR) oraz peroksydaza tioredoksyny (TPx), które mogą redukować utlenione składniki komórek kosztem fosforanu dinukleotydu nikotynoamidoadeninowego (NADPH). Działanie takie wynika z budowy przestrzennej Trx oraz TrxR, która umożliwia wytworzenie wewnątrzcząsteczkowego mostka disulfidowego w obrębie cząsteczki tioredoksyny oraz dwóch międzycząsteczkowych mostków selenosulfidowych w obrębie dimeru reduktazy tioredoksyny. Inną, równie istotną funkcją układu zależnego od tioredoksyny jest regulowanie ekspresji wielu białek za pośrednictwem takich czynników jak czynnik transkrypcyjnego NF-κB oraz kinaza regulująca apoptozę (ASK-1), które uruchamiają kaskady przemian metabolicznych prowadzących ostatecznie do proliferacji lub apoptozy komórek. Wzrost ekspresji/aktywności składników systemu zależnego od Trx obserwuje się w rozwoju wielu nowotworów. Dlatego też poszukiwanie selektywnych inhibitorów tioredoksyny lub reduktazy tioredoksyny jest obecnie jednym z głównych kierunków badań w farmakoterapii nowotworów. Wykazano, że wiele naturalnie występujących związków polifenolowych pochodzenia naturalnego o działaniu antyoksydacyjnym (np. kwercetyna czy kurkumina) powoduje inaktywację układu Trx-TrxR. Jednocześnie wiele syntetycznych związków, w tym związki kompleksowe, które stosowane są w terapii przeciwnowotworowej (np. cisplatyna, auranofina, moteksafina gadolinu), również hamują działanie układu zależnego od Trx.
Chicago’s Letters Group and the Emergence of the Black Chicago Renaissance
Authors: Courage Richard A.
Published: January 2021

This chapter unearths the history of a literary circle formed in 1927 to publish a journal called Letters and foster appreciation of black literature. Its leader was Chicago Defender city editor Dewey Roscoe Jones, whose reviews in his weekly “Bookshelf” column established him as black Chicago’s premier literary critic and commentator on the Harlem Renaissance. Most participants in Letters were university students, but they were joined by several older writers, including poets Fenton Johnson and W. H. A. Moore. Future Black Chicago Renaissance luminaries Richard Wright and Frank Marshall Davis visited occasionally but felt unwelcome. Recovering this missing link in cultural history deepens scholarly understanding of the New Negro movement beyond 1920s Harlem and of early evolution of an African American literary tradition in Chicago.
Points of Contact
Authors: Britton Hannah E.
Published: January 2021

Survivors of gender-based violence engage the state at critical moments in their lives, and it is essential for the state to address a range of their emotional, medical, and legal needs. This chapter examines several such points of contact in South Africa, including the courts, the police, trauma centers, rape crisis centers, and medical facilities. This chapter finds that these institutions are often framed within a prosecution framework. While such carceral approaches are important, they fail to address the larger patterns of structural violence, inequality, and vulnerability that could prevent violence before it occurs. The chapter explores the toll of emotional labor, secondary trauma, and job insecurity faced by volunteers and staff in these institutions. This vulnerability may contribute to high turnover, perpetuating institutional instability.
India’s Long Globalization and the Rise of Bollywood
Authors: Mehta Rini Bhattacharya
Published: January 2021

The final chapter will elucidate how the renewed threat posed by imports after globalization to Indian cinema is neutralized by two simultaneous reinventions. The first is Indian cinema’s reinvention of the nation, as defined by a hegemonic Hindu nationalism on the one hand and the diaspora as an extended national family on the other. The second is Bombay-based Hindi cinema’s reinvention of itself as Bollywood, adopting the name that was previously used only sarcastically and almost always within quotes. Both reinventions invigorated popular Indian cinema, both in and outside of Bollywood.
Mrs. Anna Miesse, Local Doctor’s Wife
Authors: Nielsen Kim E.
Published: January 2021

This chapter relays the limited information available about Ott’s early life, and focuses on her live as the wife of Dr. Jonathan Miesse in Chillicothe, Ohio. The household of this small-town physician and his wife, the household in which their children grew, was complicated, unhappy, and sometimes ugly. Jonathan filed for divorce in 1849, after twelve years of marriage, but withdrew his application within two months, and attempted a separation agreement in 1853. He again filed for divorce in late 1855. This chapter focuses on marriage laws and the contrast between marriage ideals and realities.
The Twenties and the Thirties
Authors: Stricker Frank
Published: January 2021

Between 1921 and 1929, there were no depressions, but prosperity was accompanied by substantial unemployment, especially for farm laborers and blue-collar workers. Unions were weak and business influence strong. Income inequalities widened. The late ’20s saw an explosive combination: unregulated stock markets and mass underconsumption. The ’20s boom led to the Great Depression. Herbert Hoover’s neo-laissez-faire response failed, but it cleared the decks. President Franklin Roosevelt and other New Dealers acted to expand government functions to aid those in distress and to jump-start economic growth. The CCC, the CWA, the WPA, and the PWA are each evaluated for wage levels, job creation, and treatment of women and African Americans. Economic recovery added millions of jobs, but unemployment stayed high until World War II.
Introduction
Authors: McKee Kimberly D. , Delgado Denise A.
Published: January 2021

The introduction of Degrees of Difference argues that while there exists research on women of color professors and women of color in the STEM fields, work on women of color in graduate school, particularly scholarship that places women across disciplines and geographical borders in conversation with each other is rare. Yet women of color in graduate school often encounter similar struggles and roadblocks to success, whether it is an external issue such as racism and a lack of support from a department or institution, or an internal struggle with alienation and imposter syndrome felt by many women of color in higher education. The introduction engages with the concept of the feminist killjoy to explain the raw, unapologetic narratives featured within the book as well as the feminist killjoy’s ability to be transformative by bringing hidden, hard truths to light in order to create change.
Stats and Stories
Authors: Idoate Regina Emily
Published: January 2021

In honor of generations of Native American teachers and learners that have gone before us and in support of future generations, this chapter speaks to the present generation—those responsible for teaching and learning and caring for our communities today. Critically analyzing forces that both stifle and support Native scholars and health care professionals, this chapter opens dialogue around indigenous pedagogy, indigenous research methods, and pipeline programs from personal accounts of being a graduate student in a medical school and a new faculty member endeavoring to find purpose, meaning, and balance in the world. Stories shared offer survival accounts and lessons learned to help others navigate both personal and professional journeys in Western academia.