bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perbandingan Metode Exponential Smoothing dan Moving Average pada Arus Barang Bongkar
Authors: Almaliki Muhamad Faza , Isnawaty Isnawaty , Satyadharma Maudhy , Hado Hado
Published: October 2024

In the logistics and distribution sector, an accurate understanding of the patterns of unloaded freight flows is essential for efficient operational planning. In this context, data analysis methods are key to understanding trends, seasonal patterns, and short-term fluctuations in the flow of unloaded goods. The purpose of this research is to understand the difference between Exponential Smoothing and Moving Average forecasting techniques as a more accurate forecasting technique in predicting the volume of unloaded goods flow. The methodology in the data analysis stage in this research consists of four stages, namely data preparation, creating functions, creating GUI, and displaying visualisation results. The conclusion obtained from this research is that the Exponential Smoothing method with an alpha value of 0.9 has results that are close to the actual value that has been determined. This can be seen from the results of the Mean Absolute Error which describes the average absolute prediction error, Mean Squared Error which describes the average of the squares of prediction errors, Mean Absolute Deviation which describes the average prediction error in the same unit as the data and Mean Absolute Percentage Error which describes the average percentage of prediction errors where the resulting values are 388501761.94 for MSE and 2.55 for MAPE values, then for MAE of 14681.39 and for MAD of 14681.39.
Implementasi Machine Learning Untuk Prediksi Harga Laptop Menggunakan Algoritma Regresi Linear Berganda
Authors: Sari Noer Nilam , Anisah Tiyar Tohirotun , Fitriani Risma
Published: October 2024

This article discusses the implementation of machine learning using multiple linear regression algorithms to predict laptop prices. The main objective of this research is to design an appropriate predictive model based on various features such as technical specifications and laptop brands. The research stages include literature study, collection of relevant datasets, pre-processing or data cleaning, Exploratory Data Analysis, Feature Engineering, data splitting, model building, and website development. The results show that the proposed model is able to provide price predictions with a high level of accuracy, measured using evaluation metrics such as Mean Absolute Error (MAE) which produces a value of 0.18 and R-squared (R²) which has a value of 0.68. Implementation was done by integrating Jupyter Notebook, Visual Studio Code (VS Code) and Streamlit for interactive web application development. The conclusion of this research is that the multiple linear regression algorithm is effective in predicting laptop prices, and can be used as a tool in making business decisions and pricing strategies.
دراسة مدى تأثير العوامل الديموجرافية داخل بيئة العمل على ظاهرة الاغتراب في العمل
Authors: أبو العلا غدير محمد
Published: October 2024

يهدف البحث إلى دراسة مدى تأثير العوامل الديموجرافيه داخل بيئة العمل على ظاهرة الاغتراب فى العمل. الدراسه التطبيقيه لإطار البحث تم تطبيقها على قطاع التدريب و الاستشارات الإدارية داخل القاهرة الكبرى و ذلك عن طريق توزيع عدد ثلاثمئة نموذج استقصاء على الموظفين فى مختلف القطاعات. أظهرت النتائج عدم وجود فروق معنوية ذات دلالة إحصائية بين ظاهرة الاغتراب فى العمل و النوع (ذكر أو أنثى), وجود علاقة إيجابية بين العمر و الاغتراب فى العمل, وجود فروق معنويه ذات دلالة إحصائية بين الموظفين من حيث الحاله الاجتماعية والشعور بالاغتراب فى العمل, وجود فروق معنويه ذات دلالة إحصائية بين الموظفين فى مختلف المستويات الإدارية و ظاهرة الاغتراب فى العمل, عدم وجود أية فروق معنوية ذات دلالة إحصائية بين المستوى العلمى للموظفين للاغتراب فى العمل.
محددات حركة الأسعار في الكويت: دراسة تجريبية
Authors: السلمان عبدالله عيسى
Published: October 2024

لقد تم إجراء دراسة تحليلة وتجريبية للعوامل الرئيسة التي تؤثر في التضخم بدولة الكويت. ويتمثل اقتصاد الكويت بأنه اقتصاد صغير ومفتوح على العالم الخارجي ذو حرية بحركة رأس المال؛ نظرا لعدم وجود أسواق مالية محلية متطورة وكذلك محدودية فرص الاستثمارالمحلي. تم تطوير نموذج لحركة الأسعارواختبارها على أساس كل من جانب العرض المقيد، وضغوط الطلب، والآثارغير المباشرة من العوامل الخارجية، كذلك دور تأثيرات الجولة الثانية والتوقعات الراسخة على تعديلات الأسعار. والنتيجة الرئيسة والمفيدة لإدارة السياسة النقدية في الكويت هو أن عرض النقد وأسعار الفائدة المحلية والأجنبية، وأسعار الصرف، والأسعار العالمية هي المحددات الرئيسة لأسعار المستهلك في الكويت. علما بأن أسعار الصرف الممررة وصدمات عرض النقد هما العاملان الرئيسان فيه والمسيطران على العملية التضخمية.
مكاتب المحاماة القانونية كوسطاء مشهورين السمعة وتأثيرهم على القيمة العادلة للاكتتاب العام الأولي في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية
Authors: قطينة مجدي أنور , باكزكوسكي وليام
Published: October 2024

هناك عدم تماثل معلوماتي بين البنوك الاستثمارية التي تكون بمثابة شركات التأمين أو الشركات الضامنة لعمليات الاكتتاب العام الأولي في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية للشركات والمستثمرين لاحقا. ووفقا لذلك، يمكن للأسهم الصادرة أن تعاني من "انخفاض في القيمة العادلة" وتفشل في تحقيق أقصى قدر من العائدات المحتملة للاكتتاب العام. التحليل الكمي التجريبي في هذه الورقة يجد أن مكاتب المحاماة القانونية يمكن أن تعمل كوسيط محمود السمعة والشهرة لتوفر الغطاء اللازم من إشارات ذات قيمة. وكذلك وجد بأن مكاتب المحاماة القانونية المرموقة التي تمثل البنوك الاستثمارية تحد من التفريط من انخفاض في القيمة العادلة في الاكتتاب الأولي، في حين أن هيبة مكاتب المحاماة القانونية التي تمثل المصدر يمكن أن تزيد من التفريط من انخفاض في القيمة العادلة في الاكتتاب الأولي اعتمادا على الموطن الأصلي للشركات ومكاتب المحاماة القانونية.
تحليل ميداني لأثر هيكل مجلس الإدارة على أداء الشركات السعودية الكبيرة
Authors: هباش مريع سعد , باجاحر محمد صالح
Published: October 2024

في عام 2006 أصدرت هيئة السوق المالية السعودية لائحة حوكمة الشركات التي توصي بمجموعة متنوعة من الآليات التي تهدف إلى تحسين حوكمة الشركات، إلا أن تأثير هذه الآليات في الأداء المالي للشركات لا يزال غامضاً. يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة تأثير آليات حوكمة الشركات في الأداء المالي للشركات المدرجة في سوق المال السعودي. على وجه التحديد، تم اختبار تكوين وحجم ونمط قيادة مجالس إدارة هذه الشركات. ثم تم توسيع التحليل لدراسة تأثير الملكية العائلية في هذه العلاقة. تستخدم الدراسة عينة من 338 من الشركات الكبيرة المساهمة السعودية. النتائج تبين أن كلا من الازدواجية واستقلال مجلس إدارة الشركة تؤثر في الأداء المالي للشركة. ومع ذلك، نجد أن هذا ليس هو الحال في الشركات العائلية والتي ربما تشير إلى أن الملكية العائلية وحوكمة الشركات يمكن أن تكون بديلا رقابيا لبعضها البعض.
Генетические факторы в возникновении урологических онкологических заболеваний
Authors: Балановская Е.П. , Кадиров М.Л. , Соколова М.С. , Меликбекян А.К. , Агафонова Е.А.
Published: October 2024

Введение. Урологические заболевания, включая рак простаты (РП) и мочевого пузыря (МП), являются серьезной проблемой глобального здравоохранения. Развитие генетических исследований открывает новые возможности для диагностики, лечения и профилактики этих заболеваний, подчеркивая важность понимания генетических факторов, лежащих в их основе. Цель работы. Провести комплексный анализ генетических факторов, влияющих на развитие урологических заболеваний, и оценить перспективы генетической диагностики и терапии в урологии. Материалы и методы. Исследование базируется на анализе современной литературы, данных геномных ассоциативных исследований (GWAS), а также применении технологий секвенирования нового поколения для выявления мутаций и полиморфизмов, связанных с РП и раком МП. Результаты. Выявлены ключевые генетические маркеры и мутации, ассоциированные с повышенным риском развития РП и рака МП, включая мутации в генах BRCA1, BRCA2 и FGFR3. Подчеркнута значимость индивидуальных генетических профилей для персонализации подходов к лечению. Заключение. Генетические исследования в урологии предоставляют фундаментальную основу для развития медицины персонализированных подходов в диагностике, лечении и профилактике урологических заболеваний. Продолжение исследований и разработка новых генетических терапевтических стратегий обещают значительный прогресс в сфере урологии.

Introduction. Urological diseases, including prostate cancer (PC) and bladder cancer (BC), pose a significant global health challenge. Advances in genetic research have opened new avenues for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of these diseases, underscoring the importance of understanding the genetic factors that underlie them. Purpose. To conduct a comprehensive analysis of the genetic factors influencing the development of urological diseases and evaluate the prospects of genetic diagnostics and therapy in urology. Materials and methods. This study is based on an analysis of contemporary literature, data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and the application of next-generation sequencing technologies to identify mutations and polymorphisms associated with PC and BC. Results. Key genetic markers and mutations associated with an increased risk of developing PC and BC were identified, including mutations in the BRCA1, BRCA2, and FGFR3 genes. The significance of individual genetic profiles for personalizing treatment approaches was highlighted. Conclusion. Genetic research in urology provides a fundamental basis for the development of personalized medicine approaches in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of urological diseases. The continuation of research and the development of new genetic therapeutic strategies promise significant progress in the field of urology.
Исследование пожарной опасности электронных устройств для курения
Authors: Горбунов А.С. , Богданов А.А.
Published: October 2024

В статье представлены результаты исследований пожарной опасности электронных устройств для курения. В современном мире наблюдается высокий рост потребителей электронных устройств для курения. Помимо своей популярности электронные устройства могут представлять опасность в виде возникновения пожаров. Целью исследования является получение полного представления о возможности возникновения пожара от электронных устройств для курения, а также о рисках и опасностях, связанных с данными устройствами. Результаты и выводы работы могут быть использованы для разработки мер по повышению безопасности использования и производства вейпов.

The article presents the results of research on the fire hazard of electronic smoking devices. In the modern world, there is a high growth in consumers of electronic smoking devices. In addition to their popularity, electronic devices can pose a danger in the form of fires. The aim of the study is to obtain a complete understanding of the possibility of fire from electronic smoking devices, as well as the risks and dangers associated with these devices. The results and conclusions of the work can be used to develop measures to improve the safety of using and production vapes.
Априорная оценка оправдываемости прогнозов количества лесных пожаров в Якутии на 2024 и 2025 гг. с учетом изменений потоков космических лучей и солнечной активности
Authors: Холопцев А.В. , Проскова Н.Ю. , Шубкин Р.Г.
Published: October 2024

Долгосрочные прогнозы изменений количества лесных пожаров, выявляемых за год на территории Якутии, необходимо учитывать при принятии управляющих решений по обеспечению пожарной безопасности региона. Цель данной работы - разработка и оценка оправдываемости прогнозов количества лесных пожаров для территории Якутии на 2024 и 2025 годы с учетом изменений потоков космических лучей и солнечной активности. Для ее достижения, среди указанных факторов определены предикторы прогностической модели изучаемых процессов, учет которых обеспечивал удовлетворительную оправдываемость рассматриваемых прогнозов на 2017 – 2023гг. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что в 2000 – 2023 гг. сценарий изучаемого процесса был близок к консервативному. Из разработанных прогнозов следует, что, если сценарий дальнейших изменений пожарной опасности в Якутии сохранится таким же, количество лесных пожаров, которые в 2024 и в 2025 годах возникнут на ее территории, не превысит уровень 2023 года. Разработанные прогнозы целесообразно учитывать при планировании основных мероприятий соответствующих функциональных подсистем Единой государственной системы предупреждения и ликвидации чрезвычайных ситуаций.

Long-term forecasts of changes in the number of forest fires detected per year on the territory of Yakutia should be taken into account when making management decisions to ensure fire safety in the region. The purpose of this work is to develop and assess the feasibility of forecasts of the number of forest fires for the territory of Yakutia for 2024 and 2025, taking into account changes in cosmic ray fluxes and solar activity. To achieve this goal, among the factors mentioned above, the predictors of the prognostic model of the processes under study were determined, taking into account which provided satisfactory justifiability of the forecasts under consideration for 2017 - 2023. The obtained results indicate that in 2000 - 2023 the scenario of the studied process was close to the conservative one. It follows from the developed forecasts that if the scenario of further changes in fire danger in Yakutia remains the same, the number of forest fires that will occur on its territory in 2024 and 2025 will not exceed the level of 2023. It is advisable to take into account the developed forecasts when planning the main activities of the relevant functional subsystems of the Unified State System for Prevention and Elimination of Emergency Situations.
Lifecycle Assessment Analysis of Recycled Concrete Aggregate Incorporating Fly Ash and Hemp
Authors: Alkan Seda Nur , Doğdu Yücetürk Gamze , Şengül Özkan
Published: October 2024

The critical roles of recycling are increasing depending on depleted natural resources and its devastating consequences. Concrete has been one of the most used building materials for many years to response the basic need of human beings for shelter. The studies on the recycling of concrete are crucial to minimize negative effects of both the high amount of energy consumed during the production phase and the limited recycling opportunities after destruction. Considering the amount of construction and demolition waste (CDW) after the February 6, 2023 earthquakes in Türkiye, it is clear that recycling concrete (RC) may make a positive contribution to environmental sustainability and natural resources usage. In addition, as a result of the ongoing urban transformation projects throughout Türkiye, especially in Istanbul, there is a need to recycle CDW, the majority of which consists of concrete. This paper examines the equivalent CO2 emissions of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) incorporation of various proportion fly ash and hemp based on previous studies by applying the Excel-based GreenConcrete LCA software developed at the University of California Berkeley Campus (UC Berkeley). As a result of the investigations, it is seen that the use of RCA, which is generated in large quantities both as a result of earthquakes and urban transformation projects, reflects positively on the environmental impacts in the LCA analysis. In addition, the use of concrete mixtures that contribute to the recycling of wastes such as fly ash and hemp used as admixtures contributes to reducing the environmental damage of these wastes and improving the concrete content.
Paisaje en lenguas indígenas para la enseñanza y fortalecimiento identitario en escuelas indígenas de Oaxaca, México
Authors: Córdova-Hernández Lorena
Published: October 2024

El paisaje lingüístico en contextos educativos indígenas motiva procesos de enseñanza de lenguas originarias y fortalece la identidad cultural de toda la comunidad educativa. En el caso de Oaxaca, México, los profesores del nivel de educación indígena (inicial, preescolar y primaria), desarrollan diferentes tipos de paisaje lingüístico como herramienta pedagógica bilingüe, comunitaria e intercultural. Este artículo describe los tipos de paisaje que los docentes producen para fortalecer sus procesos de enseñanza en la lengua indígena y promover la identidad en las aulas de las escuelas indígenas de este estado. Con un enfoque cualitativo se realiza el análisis de algunas imágenes del paisaje lingüístico producido por los docentes y las características de cada caso. Los resultados se muestran que sobresalen tres tipos de paisajes: 1) promover el aprendizaje de temáticas escolares en lengua indígena; 2) desarrollar la escritura alfabética en la lengua indígena; 3) fortalecer el conocimiento cultural y comunitario. A partir de ello, se concluye que el paisaje lingüístico como herramienta pedagógica en las aulas de escuelas indígenas de Oaxaca emerge de las necesidades contextuales de los docentes y, gracias a su trabajo pedagógico comunitario, estos paisajes se encuentran en constante actualización e incorporación de una variedad infinita de signos.
Pautas, posibilidades, problemas y estudio de caso en la aplicación pedagógica posmétodo del Paisaje Lingüístico en la enseñanza de lengua española en un marco universitario en España
Authors: Sáez Rivera Daniel
Published: October 2024

En este trabajo, aplicando como marco teórico educativo el posmétodo de Kumaravadivelu (1993, 1994, 2001, 2003, 2006, 2012), se pretende trazar un estado de la cuestión de la aplicación didáctica del Paisaje Lingüístico (PL) para la enseñanza de lenguas primeras y segundas, y de la lingüística. Se intentará mostrar cómo se pueden ajustar las 10 microestrategias del posmétodo a la citada aplicación pedagógica del PL en la bibliografía al uso, y dentro de esta se distinguirá entre meras propuestas didácticas y experiencias de clase, así como se propone una clasificación cuatripartita del tipo de actividades (microestrategias en la condición posmétodo de Kumaravadivelu). Tras ello, se analizará un estudio de caso de aplicación del PL en una clase introductoria al español en dos grupos, uno de control y otro experimental, en la Universidad de Granada, tratando de comprobar la hipótesis de partida de que el empleo pedagógico del PL iba a tener un impacto positivo en el desempeño de los estudiantes.
Entrevista a Paloma Álvarez de Toledo Blandón, psicóloga neuropsicóloga en Instituto Andaluz de Salud Cerebral, realizada por dos estudiantes del Grado de Psicología de la Universidad de Sevilla
Authors: Álvarez de Toledo Blandón Paloma , Ocaña Campos Francisco Manuel , de la Mata Benítez Manuel , Barroso Martín Juan Manuel , Martínez Cervantes Rafael , Murvartian Carrascal Lara , Arias Sánchez Samuel , Bravo Pizarro Cristina , Quintero Rodríguez Paula
Published: October 2024

Este video forma parte de una serie de recursos audiovisuales generados dentro del proyecto de innovación docente "Horizontes Profesionales en Psicología: Conectando Profesionales y Estudiantes para Mejorar la Formación Orientada al Empleo", coordinado por Samuel Arias Sánchez y financiado por el IV Plan Propio de Docencia de la Universidad de Sevilla, Convocatoria 2023/2024 (nº 1268).

En este video en particular dos estudiantes del Grado en Psicología entrevistan a una Neuropsicóloga que trabaja en el Instituto Andaluz de Salud Cerebral, en relación a su
formación, recorrido profesional, sobre cómo accedió a su puesto de trabajo y algunas características de su trabajo cotidiano, incluyendo experiencias positivas, negativas y recomendaciones para futuras psicólogas, especialmente quienes se quieran dedicar a este ámbito profesional.

Este vídeo está pensado fundamentalmente para estudiantes de Psicología, de la Universidad de Sevilla o de cualquier otra y de cualquier curso, que se quieran informar acerca de las posibles salidas profesionales que tendrían como graduados/as en Psicología. Puede servir para conocer las diferentes salidas profesionales que existen, así como la forma de acceder a ellas, y las tareas que realizan en su día a día.
A Maintenance Cost and Work Performance Analysis on Irrigation Network at Kaubun Irrigation Area of East Kutai Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Satriyo Pandu Budi , Mulyadi Lalu , Wulandari Lies K.
Published: October 2024

An irrigation network maintenance is an effort to maintain and secure the irrigation network to be always ready and well functioned. In facilitating its operational implementation and maintain its sustainability cycle, it can be attained through maintenance, repair, prevention, and security activities that must be conducted in continuity. The Kaubun irrigation area is one of the irrigation areas under the authority of central government with area length of 1,150 Ha (standard area) and 736 Ha (functional area), located in the East Kutai Regency. The Kaubun irrigation area has 1 (one) weir or dam and 2 (two) main canals. The irrigation network maintenance has not been carried out in routine and periodical ways either by the East Kalimantan Provincial Government or by the East Kutai Regency Government. Sediment accumulation is one of the main problems found in the secondary irrigation canal and able to cause canal blockage, reduced water flow capacity and increased infrastructure damage. This research was carried out by evaluating the Irrigation Network System and observing several factors causing channel damage with a guidance from regulation of Minister of Public Works and Public Housing Number:12/PRT/M/2015 on date 6 April 2015, regarding Exploitation and Maintenance of Irrigation Network. Result of the research showed that recapitulation of the work performance index for Kaubun Irrigation Network System was obtain the largest optimum value in Physical Infrastructure aspect with an index value of 29.01. Meanwhile, the result from main treatment priority by employing Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method found the Physical Infrastructure aspect has a limiting value of 0.462. Finally, the routine and periodical maintenance costs for the Kaubun irrigation area is IDR.3.753.835.675.00
Assessing Residential Satisfaction Among The Residents In Ogbomoso Urban Centre, Nigeria
Authors: Akinyode Babatunde Femi , Adeoye Dorcas Oluwaseyi , Olawale Jelili Kolade
Published: October 2024

The importance of residents’ satisfaction with housing cannot be over-emphasised as it contributes to the quality of residents’ life. This study assess residential satisfaction among residents in Ogbomoso Urban Centre. Multistage sampling techniques and simple random sampling were applied, with the aid of questionnaire administration among 430 residents in twenty political wards but only 378 copies were properly filled, returned, and analysed. The population of the study area was collected from the National Population Commission to determine the population trend and the number of copies of the questionnaires to be administered in each of the political wards. Residential satisfaction was obtained through factors that contribute to the residents’ satisfaction and satisfaction level. At the beginning of the analysis, a factor analysis was applied to reduce the data set and to group various variables as factors. This is to present the magnitudes of residential satisfaction among the residents. Descriptive analysis with the use of frequency and percentage, cross-tabulation, regression analysis, mean index, residents’ relative satisfaction index, and relative importance satisfaction index were explored to assess residential satisfaction among the residents. The results revealed that the residents are not satisfied with the house and neighbourhoods. Their current demographic status has constrained them to continue staying within their residential neighbourhoods. The authors believe that, there is a need for a realistic and vigorous approach towards the provision of better housing and environment that enhance better living. This will invariably improve residents’ quality of life and reduce the socio-spatial divergence among various social groups.
inoculación con Azospirillum baldaniorum Sp245 promueve la acumulación de ácido ascórbico, y disminuye la expresión de la cinasa TOR y la división celular en la raíz de Arabidopsis
Authors: Hernández Esquivel Alma Alejandra , Torres Olmos Jorge Alejandro , Bernal Avilés Marisol , Méndez Gómez Manuel , Castro Mercado Elda , Peña Uribe Cesar Arturo , Reyes de la Cruz Homero , García Pineda Ernesto
Published: October 2024

El ácido ascórbico (AA) participa en procesos de elongación y división celular. En este trabajo se reporta el efecto de Azospirillum baldaniorum Sp245 sobre la acumulación de ácido ascórbico, la proteína cinasa Target of Rapamycin (TOR) y la división celular en Arabidopsis thaliana. La inoculación con Sp245 incrementó la acumulación de ácido ascórbico en el follaje, mientras que su adición inhibió el crecimiento de las plantas, la expresión de TOR, y la división celular en el meristemo de la raíz. El ácido ascórbico también incrementó la producción de peróxido de hidrógeno (H2O2). Asimismo, el H2O2 disminuyó la expresión de TOR y su actividad sobre su proteína blanco S6K. Se discute la relación entre AA, TOR y H2O2 en la bioestimulación de Arabidopsis por Sp245.
Sobre Cristián Medina Valverde y Erna Ulloa Castillo, Un embajador chileno contra Stalin: Luis David Cruz Ocampo, Concepción, Editorial Universidad de Concepción, 2023, Colección Paseante, 136 pp., ISBN: 978-956-227-558-3
Authors: Herrera León Fabián
Published: October 2024

Esta obra da cuenta de la talla internacional de una figura destacada en la historia chilena del siglo XX: Luis David Cruz Ocampo. Sus autores, Cristian Medina Valverde y Erna Ulloa Castillo han reparado en la necesidad de un libro capaz de articular la capacidad política y visionaria del personaje cuyo legado nacional es la Universidad de Concepción con el arrojo y valentía del diplomático en su defensa de los derechos humanos a raíz de la amenaza de separación del matrimonio entre su hijo y una joven soviética, enesencia, el secuestro de una decisión libre y sincera por parte del régimen stalinista resentido por cientos de personas al final de la segunda guerra mundial. Tal episodio de defensa y eventual enfrentamiento diplomático —hasta ahora muy poco conocido— es debidamente problematizado y contextualizado en un complejo escenario de posguerra en Un embajador chileno contra Stalin: Luis David Cruz Ocampo.
The efficient method for searching stable structures in herringbone-phase organic semiconductors using density functional theory
Authors: Hakata Shuya , Ishii Hiroyuki , Takaki Hirokazu , Okamoto Toshihiro , Takeya Jun , Kobayashi Nobuhiko
Published: October 2024

We present the herringbone structure search (HSS) method to predict the crystal structures of organic semiconductors from molecular structural formulas. The charge transport efficiency of small-molecule organic semiconductors is governed by molecular packing, often in a two-dimensional herringbone structure. This method predicts crystal structures within the herringbone framework using the density functional theory. As a demonstration, we successfully applied it to promising molecules, predicting crystal structures that agreed well with experimental data. This method offers an efficient approach for in silico screening of new organic molecules, aiding the development of high-performance organic semiconductors.
The anesthetists’ concerns regarding robotic surgery
Authors: Raza Shahneela , Tabassum Sarah
Published: October 2024

Advancement of technology has great impact on medical field. With all its pros and cons its use can be practiced with minimizing the risk and maximizing its benefits for the wellness of patient. With all the goodness that it offers to the surgery; its demand for environment and changes in the physiology of patient remains concerning for the anesthetist and surgical team.
Despite the progression, it's huge space occupying size and its extra costly investment makes it difficult for usual setups to initiate it's use for common man.
The robotic system has been used in a range of specialist areas, including bariatrics, general surgery, & cardiothoracic and urological surgeries and gynecological surgeries. Here we discuss various issues faced by the anesthetist to accommodate the concerns of robot assisted surgeries for the better outcome of the patients.
Keywords: Anesthesia; Robotic surgical procedures; Education; Training; Pakistan
Citation: Raza S, Tabassum S. The anesthetists’ concerns regarding robotic surgery. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(5):788−790; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i5.2542
Received: August 06, 2024; Reviewed: September 14, 2024; Accepted: September 14, 20
The effect of severe COVID-19 infection on biochemical markers (FBS, HbA1C, FA, INS, C-Pep) in diabetic patients
Authors: Yones Marwah S. , Al-Wasiti Estabraq , Al Qaseer Abdul Hameed , Al-Rubaiawi Hadel Kareem
Published: October 2024

Background & objective: Several studies have been conducted around the world on the impact of COVID-19 on people with diabetes mellitus (DM). Any acute illness can cause stress and increased inflammatory reactions, which increase sympathetic outflow and produce catecholamines, growth hormones, cortisol, and cytokines, all of which raise the risk and severity of complications from diabetes. Diabetes is a significant risk factor for the severity of COVID-19. We conducted this study to identify whether severe COVID-19 infection has any effect on the biomarkers, including fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1C, FA, INS, C-Pep, in individuals with DM.
 Methodology: This study was simultaneously conducted at Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine of Al-Nahrain University, and Department of Medicine of Mustansiriyah University College of Medicine, Baghdad, Iraq. During the months of February and March 2022, 50 COVID-19 patients with diabetes and 50 COVID-19 patients without diabetes were included in the study. The control group included 100 healthy, sexually identical people (age 50-80), collected under the supervision of the second supervisor from relatives and students of Mustansiriyah University, College of Medicine. Venous blood samples of 5 mL were taken from all participants and subjected to laboratory tests to detect the levels of the biomarkers.
Results: Average FBS level in DM patients was 304.9 mg/dL, (range 132-545.9 mg/dL), which was remarkably higher than in non-DM patient groups (193.3 mg/dL), range (of 66.2–458). The DM patients' group had a significantly higher concentration of HbA1C (median = 6.70 mg/dL, range 5.2-8.1) than the non-DM patient group (median = 5.8, range 4.2–7.6) with a significant difference. Although The group of DM patients had significantly greater FA concentrations than the group of non-DM patients. In contrast, the median and range for insulin and c-peptide Displays non-significant differences for covid-19 patients (DM and non-DM), but it's significant with a control group.
Conclusion: According to this study, COVID-19 patients with diabetes had greater biochemical indicator levels than non-diabetic people. Pre- and postprandial hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis were more common in COVID-19 DM patients than in non-infected DM patients. We found that COVID-19 increased the severity risk for T2DM patients and glucose level is raised and progresses in a vicious cycle exacerbated by insulin resistance (IR) and decreased pancreatic b-cell function.
Keywords: COVID-19, Diabetes mellitus, FBS, HbA1C, FA, INS, C-Pep
Citation: Yones MS, Al-Wasiti E, Al Qaseer AH, Al-Rubaiawi HK. The effect of severe COVID-19 infection on biochemical markers (FBS, HbA1C, FA, INS, C-Pep) in diabetic patients. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(5):804−808; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i5.2553
Received: June 01, 2024; Reviewed: June 19, 2024; Accepted: June 19, 2024
Perioperative assessment of diaphragmatic dysfunction in cardiac surgery patients and its effect on outcome; a prospective observational study
Authors: Omara Ibrahim Shawky Morsy , Nagi Hassan Khaled , Aziz Mohamed Kamel Abd El , El Haq Hazem Hossam Abd , Awdallah Faten Farid
Published: October 2024

Objectives: While the assessment of the diaphragm in different clinical scenarios is quite frequent, there remains a scarcity of studies focused on assessing diaphragm dysfunction using ultrasound in cardiac surgery patients. We investigated the impact of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery on diaphragm function and evaluated its effects on mechanical ventilation.
Methodology: A prospective cohort study, on 100 consecutive adult cardiac surgery patients, was conducted at National Heart Institute. Diaphragmatic displacement (DD) or excursion and diaphragmatic thickening fraction (DTF) were measured using motion-mode ultrasound during quite normal breathing pre-operatively (the day before surgery) and post-operatively on mechanical ventilation, while the patient was fully conscious and spontaneously breathing on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) mode + pressure support 10 cmH2O. Then, the results were correlated to CBP time and important patient outcomes.
Results: Post-operative DD was significantly less as compared to the pre-operative reading; (1.39 ± 0.42 cm vs. 2.3 ± 0.52 cm; P < 0.001), as was DTF (23% ± 10% vs. 40% ± 13%; P < 0.001). The incidence of diaphragmatic dysfunction post-cardiac surgery was 17% by the definition of DD < 1 cm, and 49% by the definition of DTF ≤ 20%. DD was positively correlated with CBP time, as well as total ventilation time and ICU stay, indicating a negative impact on overall patient outcomes.
Conclusion: The results suggest that diaphragmatic dysfunction is positively correlated with CPB time, total ventilation time and ICU stay, underscoring the importance of monitoring diaphragmatic function in post-operative patients, who are difficult to wean from mechanical ventilation with apparently normal chest X-ray, particularly those with prolonged CPB time.
Keywords: cardiac surgery; cardiopulmonary bypass; diaphragm dysfunction; diaphragmatic displacement; diaphragm ultrasound; mechanical ventilation.
Citation: Omara ISM, Nagi HK, Mohamed KAA, Abd El Haq HH, Awdallah FF. Perioperative assessment of diaphragmatic dysfunction in cardiac surgery patients and its effect on outcome; a prospective observational study. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(5):816−823; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i5.2555
Received: June 28, 2024; Reviewed: September 04, 2024; Accepted: September 06, 2024
Comparative efficacy of intravenous tramadol and traditional blanket coverage in managing postoperative shivering among post-spinal anesthesia patients
Authors: Hwisa Sara Abdurhman , Alnaeli Ghada Rajab , Imbark Ajaj Aboajela Ramadan , Faraj Mofeda M , Emhamed Almghairbi Dalal Salem , Omar Alhuwayj Kareemah Ali , Mohammed Lubnah Abdulsalam
Published: October 2024

Background & Objective: Shivering after general as well as spinal anesthesia is a common phenomenon. Unmanaged post-anesthetic shivering can worsen postoperative pain and patient’s metabolism. Various techniques including inj. tramadol, body warming, and covering have been evaluated to treat this common complication. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of tramadol administration with patient coverage as therapeutic methods for managing post-anesthesia shivering.
Methodology: The study enrolled 60 patients who underwent spinal anesthesia. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A received blanket coverage as treatment for shivering, while Group B received intravenous tramadol. Shivering onset time and duration after treatment were measured. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test/independent t-test determined significance, with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: The findings of this study revealed no significant difference in the onset of shivering between patients who received intravenous tramadol and those who were covered by blankets (39.83 ± 13.21 min vs 38.60 ± 13.48 min). However, the duration of shivering after treatment was significantly shorter in patients who received intravenous tramadol compared to those who received blanket, e.g., 20.30 ± 9.62 vs. 34.83 ± 12.53; P < 0.000).
Conclusion: In conclusion, intravenous tramadol is more effective than non-pharmacological methods (blankets) in managing shivering. Tramadol treatment resulted in a significantly shorter duration of shivering.
Keywords: Postoperative Shivering; Hypothermia; Spinal Anesthesia; Tramadol; Blanket
Citation: Hwisa SA, Alnaeli GR, Ajaj ARI, Faraj MM, Almghairbi DSE, Alhuwayj KAO, Mohammed LA. Comparative efficacy of intravenous tramadol and traditional blanket coverage in managing postoperative shivering among post-spinal anesthesia patients. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(5):922−926; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i5.2565
Received: May 28, 2024; Reviewed: June 03, 2024; Accepted: Jun 18, 2024Blanket
A comparative study between dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone as adjuvants to bupivacaine in ultrasound guided interscalene block for arthroscopic shoulder surgery
Authors: Ramzy Youwakiem Peter Nashaat , Mohamed Omar , George Sherif , Mohammed Amin , Samy Engy
Published: October 2024

Background & Objectives: Arthroscopic surgery is a preferred approach for shoulder surgeries due to its documented advantages of early postoperative recovery. However, postoperative pain remains a concern for which different techniques are used. Interscalene block (ISB), using dexmedetomidine (DXM) or dexamethasone (DXA) as adjuvants to local anesthetics (LA), is a common analgesic method. We conducted this comparative study to establish if any one of the adjuvants is better in terms of postoperative analgesia.
Methodology: Patients undergoing shoulder arthroscopy were assigned randomly to three groups: Group A (LA alone), Group B (ISB with DXM), and Group C (ISB with DXA). Assessment of intraoperative and postoperative hemodynamics, visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, time to first rescue analgesic, and rescue analgesic (ketorolac) consumption were recorded.
Results: Intraoperative and postoperative heart rate and mean arterial pressure showed no significant differences among the three groups, suggesting comparable hemodynamic control. VAS pain scores were equivalent at 1, 2 and 6 h postoperatively, but at 12, 18 and 24 h, Groups B and C demonstrated significantly lower scores compared to Group A (P < 0.001). Time to first rescue analgesic was prolonged in Groups B and C, indicating improved and longer-lasting analgesia. Groups B and C consumed considerably less ketorolac overall than Group A (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: While all three groups exhibited equivalent intraoperative and postoperative hemodynamic control, the addition of dexmedetomidine or dexamethasone to local anesthetics for interscalene block prolonged postoperative analgesia, reduced pain scores at 12, 18 and 24 h, delayed time to first rescue, and decreased total analgesic consumption. Both adjuvants showed advantages over local anesthetics alone, emphasizing their potential in multimodal analgesia for shoulder arthroscopy.
Abbreviations: ISB - Interscalene block; DXM - Dexmedetomidine; DXA - Dexamethasone; HR – Heart Rate; MAP – Mean Arterial Pressure; VAS Visual Analog Scale.
Trial registry: PACTR202210507488378
Keywords: Analgesia; Analgesia, postoperative; Dexmedetomidine; Dexamethasone; Interscalene block; Pain, postoperative; Shoulder arthroscopy
Citation: Nashaat P, Mohamed O, George S, Mohammed A, Samy E. A comparative study between dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone as adjuvants to bupivacaine in ultrasound guided interscalene block for arthroscopic shoulder surgery. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(5):850−858; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i5.2566
Received: June 13, 2024; Reviewed: June 20, 2024; Accepted: July 18, 2024
Ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block in radical cystectomy: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed Mansour , Tantawy Algohary Moussa , Mahran Essam , Abd El Galil Tarek Ezzat , El Galil Ahmed Salah Abd
Published: October 2024

Background & Objectives: Radical cystectomy (RC) is usually performed under general anesthesia, with the management of postoperative pain being a big challenge. Various approaches have been tried, including epidural analgesia, or regional nerve blocks in addition to the intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA). We compared the efficacy and safety of bilateral single-injection erector spinae plane block (ESPB) with IV-PCA administered morphine to manage postoperative pain following RC.
Methodology: This prospective randomized controlled clinical study was performed on 60 participants ranging in age from 21 to 65 years, both sexes, BMI 20-40 kg/m2, ASA physical status II-III, planned for elective RC. Participants were randomized into two equal groups. Group ESPB received ultrasound-guided single shot ESPB at T10 with 20 mL bupivacaine 0.25% bilaterally; IV morphine 3 mg bolus was used as rescue analgesia when the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain score was ≥ 4. Group C (control group) received IV-PCA by morphine 3 mg IV when NRS pain score was ≥ 4 and repeated 1/2 mg if still pain score was recorded ≥ 4 for 15 min. Pain was measured on NRS at 2 , 4 , 8, and 12 h as well as the postoperative heart rate (HR) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP). Complications were noted,
Results: Time to first analgesic request was substantially prolonged in Group ESPB compared to Group C (P < 0.001). Total postoperative consumption of morphine in 1st 48 h and postoperative nausea and vomiting were substantially reduced in Group ESPB compared to Group C (P < 0.05). NRS pain scores, postoperative HR and MAP measurements were substantially reduced at 2, 4, 8, and 12 h in Group ESPB than Group C (P < 0.05). Bradycardia and hypotension varied insignificantly different between both groups. Respiratory depression and urinary retention did not occur in any patient in both groups.
Conclusions: Compared with IV-PCA administered morphine, bilateral single-injection ESPB was associated with better hemodynamics and analgesic properties, as observed by lower pain scores, less postoperative opioid consumption, and longer time to first analgesic request with good safety profile after radical cystectomy.
Keywords: Ultrasound; Erector Spinae Plane Block; Radical Cystectomy; Patient-Controlled Analgesia
Citation: Ahmed AM, Tantawy AM, Mahran E, Abd El Galil TE, Abd El Galil AS. Ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block in radical cystectomy: a randomized controlled study. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(5):939−944; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i5.2568
Received: July 16, 2024; Reviewed: August 05, 2024; Accepted: August 29, 2024
Development of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) prevention model in the hospital based on Six Sigma and VAP Bundle
Authors: Yuswanto Tri Johan Agus , Ernawati Naya , Solikhah Fitriana Kurniasari , Wahito Nugroho Heru Santoso
Published: October 2024

Background & Objective: Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is the leading cause of death in Healthcare-Associated Infections (HCAI), with 30-day mortality of 59% of patients with ventilator devices. The aim of this research was to develop a VAP prevention model in the intensive care unit (ICU) based on Six Sigma and VAP Bundle, involving individual, organizational and work characteristics factors.
Methodology: This research was carried out in the ICU, Poltekkes Kemenkes Malang, Malang, Indonesia, using a cross-sectional design. The research subjects were nurses, selected using a simple random sampling technique. All variables were measured through filling out questionnaires. Next, the measurement data was analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS), based on Six Sigma and VAP Bundle.
Results: Based on Six Sigma and VAP Bundle, the results of the analysis of the effects of the three factors on the implementation of VAP prevention were: 1) for individual factors, path coefficient = 0.189 and P = 0.000, so it was interpreted that this factor had a significant effect on the implementation of VAP prevention; 2) for organizational factors, path coefficient = 0.496 and P = 0.003, so it was interpreted that this factor also had a significant effect; 3) for the work characteristics factors, path coefficient = 0.289 and P = 0.000, so this factor also had a significant effect on the implementation of VAP prevention.
Conclusion: Based on the research results, a VAP prevention model based on Six Sigma and VAP bundle was successfully built in the ICU, which involved organizational factors, work characteristics and individual factors.
Abbreviations: HCAI - Healthcare-Associated Infections; HAP - Hospital-acquired pneumonia; PLS - Partial Least Square; SOP - standard operating procedure; VAP - ventilator-associated pneumonia;   
Keywords: Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia, VAP, Prevention; Six Sigma, VAP Bundle; Intensive Care Unit; organizational factors; work characteristics; individual factors
Citation: Yuswanto TJA, Ernawati N, SolikhahFK, Nugroho HSW. Development of a prevention model for ventilator-associated pneumonia based on Six Sigma and VAP bundle. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(5):876−882; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i5.2574
Received: July 14, 2024; Reviewed: July 28, 2024; Accepted: July 28, 2024
Microbial load of facilities for keeping pigs of different production groups
Authors: Myronchuk V. O. , Peleno R. A.
Published: October 2024

The study analyzed the microbial load of objects in the facilities where pigs of different production groups were kept at the final stage of production cycles, immediately before disinfection measures. The study found that the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms (MAFAnM) in the swabs from the surfaces of the studied objects varied from 5.00 to 6.88 log CFU/cm³. The lowest quantity of bacteria was found on drinkers and feeders, while the highest quantity was on the facilities’ floor. The average level of microbial load in the facilities for keeping sows, farrowing, and growing piglets ranged from 5.91 to 6.07 log CFU/cm³. The highest values were observed for the study of swabs taken in the piglet-rearing facility. The proportion of field isolates of the rod, cocci, and spiral shapes of microorganisms in the rearing facility was 62.1%, 28.8%, and 9.1%, respectively, in the farrowing facility — 63.9%, 29.2%, and 6.9%, and in the sow housing facility — 66.2%, 26%, and 7.8%. Escherichia coli was dominant in the rearing facility — 13.9% of isolates, Proteus mirabilis, Bacillus subtilis, and Campylobacter jejuni — 9.7% each, and Citrobacter freundii, Enterococcus faecalis, and Enterococcus faecium — 8.3% each. In farrowing facilities, the proportion of E. coli isolates was 16.6%. 7.5% fewer isolates belonged to B. subtilis, Streptococcus salivarius, and C. jejuni, and 9% fewer isolates belonged to Klebsiella pneumoniae, P. mirabilis, E. faecalis, and E. faecium. In the sow housing facility, the proportion of E. coli isolates was 12.9%, the number of P. mirabilis isolates was 1.2% less, and C. freundii was 3.8% less
Students’ Perceptions of Using Reciprocal Teaching Groups Strategy in Extensive Reading Activities
Authors: Ruri Indah Cahyani  , Yousef Bani Ahmad  , Mobit
Published: October 2024

Reading plays a pivotal role in language learning, particularly in acquiring proficiency in English. However, Indonesian secondary students often struggle with comprehending reading materials due to their difficulty level exceeding their proficiency and a less conducive learning environment that contributes to disengagement. This gap in reading comprehension prompted the initiation of this research, which aimed to investigate how reciprocal teaching groups could enhance extensive reading activities for students. This research conducted qualitative methods within a microethnography framework, the study engaged six junior high school students as participants. Data collection involved observations, interviews, and students' reflective journals to gather comprehensive insights. The results highlighted that implementing reciprocal teaching group strategies positively impacted students' motivation and comprehension levels during reading activities. Moreover, these strategies fostered a more interactive and independent learning atmosphere, addressing the monotony often associated with traditional reading sessions. By actively involving students in reciprocal teaching groups, they were able to deepen their understanding of the study materials more effectively. Thus, the findings suggest that integrating reciprocal teaching group strategies is a beneficial approach to enhancing students' learning outcomes in extensive reading. This research underscores the potential of collaborative learning methods in improving reading proficiency among secondary school students, offering insights into how educators can innovate teaching practices to better support students' language learning needs.