bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lysophosphatidic Acid Mediates Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-like Symptoms by Promoting Keratinocyte Proliferation through LPAR1/ROCK2/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway
Authors: Kim Donghee , Kim Hyo-Jin , Baek Jin-Ok , Roh Joo-Young , Jun Hee-Sook
Published: October 2021

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Recently, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)/LPAR5 signaling has been reported to be involved in both NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages and keratinocyte activation to produce inflammatory cytokines, contributing to psoriasis pathogenesis. However, the effect and molecular mechanisms of LPA/LPAR signaling in keratinocyte proliferation in psoriasis remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of LPAR1/3 inhibition on imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like mice. Treatment with the LPAR1/3 antagonist, ki16425, alleviated skin symptoms in IMQ-induced psoriasis-like mouse models and decreased keratinocyte proliferation in the lesion. It also decreased LPA-induced cell proliferation and cell cycle progression via increased cyclin A2, cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2, and CDK4 expression and decreased p27Kip1 expression in HaCaT cells. LPAR1 knockdown in HaCaT cells reduced LPA-induced proliferation, suppressed cyclin A2 and CDK2 expression, and restored p27Kip1 expression. LPA increased Rho-associated protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) expression and PI3K/AKT activation; moreover, the pharmacological inhibition of ROCK2 and PI3K/AKT signaling suppressed LPA-induced cell cycle progression. In conclusion, we demonstrated that LPAR1/3 antagonist alleviates IMQ-induced psoriasis-like symptoms in mice, and in particular, LPAR1 signaling is involved in cell cycle progression via ROCK2/PI3K/AKT pathways in keratinocytes.
Integrating Statistical and Machine-Learning Approach for Meta-Analysis of Bisphenol A-Exposure Datasets Reveals Effects on Mouse Gene Expression within Pathways of Apoptosis and Cell Survival
Authors: Lukashina Nina , Williams Michael J. , Kartysheva Elena , Virko Elizaveta , Kudłak Błażej , Fredriksson Robert , Spjuth Ola , Schiöth Helgi B.
Published: October 2021

Bisphenols are important environmental pollutants that are extensively studied due to different detrimental effects, while the molecular mechanisms behind these effects are less well understood. Like other environmental pollutants, bisphenols are being tested in various experimental models, creating large expression datasets found in open access storage. The meta-analysis of such datasets is, however, very complicated for various reasons. Here, we developed an integrating statistical and machine-learning model approach for the meta-analysis of bisphenol A (BPA) exposure datasets from different mouse tissues. We constructed three joint datasets following three different strategies for dataset integration: in particular, using all common genes from the datasets, uncorrelated, and not co-expressed genes, respectively. By applying machine learning methods to these datasets, we identified genes whose expression was significantly affected in all of the BPA microanalysis data tested; those involved in the regulation of cell survival include: Tnfr2, Hgf-Met, Agtr1a, Bdkrb2; signaling through Mapk8 (Jnk1)); DNA repair (Hgf-Met, Mgmt); apoptosis (Tmbim6, Bcl2, Apaf1); and cellular junctions (F11r, Cldnd1, Ctnd1 and Yes1). Our results highlight the benefit of combining existing datasets for the integrated analysis of a specific topic when individual datasets are limited in size.
Coagulopathies after Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 May Be Derived from a Combined Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Adenovirus Vector-Triggered Signaling Pathways
Authors: Kircheis Ralf
Published: October 2021

Novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in a global pandemic with worldwide 6-digit infection rates and thousands of death tolls daily. Enormous efforts are undertaken to achieve high coverage of immunization to reach herd immunity in order to stop the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Several SARS-CoV-2 vaccines based on mRNA, viral vectors, or inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus have been approved and are being applied worldwide. However, the recent increased numbers of normally very rare types of thromboses associated with thrombocytopenia have been reported, particularly in the context of the adenoviral vector vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 from Astra Zeneca. The statistical prevalence of these side effects seems to correlate with this particular vaccine type, i.e., adenoviral vector-based vaccines, but the exact molecular mechanisms are still not clear. The present review summarizes current data and hypotheses for molecular and cellular mechanisms into one integrated hypothesis indicating that coagulopathies, including thromboses, thrombocytopenia, and other related side effects, are correlated to an interplay of the two components in the vaccine, i.e., the spike antigen and the adenoviral vector, with the innate and immune systems, which under certain circumstances can imitate the picture of a limited COVID-19 pathological picture.
Exosomes in Alzheimer’s Disease: From Being Pathological Players to Potential Diagnostics and Therapeutics
Authors: Soliman Hagar M. , Ghonaim Ghada A. , Gharib Shaza M. , Chopra Hitesh , Farag Aya K. , Hassanin Mohamed H. , Nagah Abdalrazeq , Emad-Eldin Mahmoud , Hashem Nevertary E. , Yahya Galal , Emam Sherif E. , Hassan Abdalla E. A. , Attia Mohamed S.
Published: October 2021

Exosomes (EXOs) were given attention as an extracellular vesicle (EV) with a pivotal pathophysiological role in the development of certain neurodegenerative disorders (NDD), such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). EXOs have shown the potential to carry pathological and therapeutic cargo; thus, researchers have harnessed EXOs in drug delivery applications. EXOs have shown low immunogenicity as natural drug delivery vehicles, thus ensuring efficient drug delivery without causing significant adverse reactions. Recently, EXOs provided potential drug delivery opportunities in AD and promising future clinical applications with the diagnosis of NDD and were studied for their usefulness in disease detection and prediction prior to the emergence of symptoms. In the future, the microfluidics technique will play an essential role in isolating and detecting EXOs to diagnose AD before the development of advanced symptoms. This review is not reiterative literature but will discuss why EXOs have strong potential in treating AD and how they can be used as a tool to predict and diagnose this disorder.
Ubiquitination in T-Cell Activation and Checkpoint Inhibition: New Avenues for Targeted Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Gavali Shubhangi , Liu Jianing , Li Xinyi , Paolino Magdalena
Published: October 2021

The advent of T-cell-based immunotherapy has remarkably transformed cancer patient treatment. Despite their success, the currently approved immunotherapeutic protocols still encounter limitations, cause toxicity, and give disparate patient outcomes. Thus, a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms of T-cell activation and inhibition is much needed to rationally expand targets and possibilities to improve immunotherapies. Protein ubiquitination downstream of immune signaling pathways is essential to fine-tune virtually all immune responses, in particular, the positive and negative regulation of T-cell activation. Numerous studies have demonstrated that deregulation of ubiquitin-dependent pathways can significantly alter T-cell activation and enhance antitumor responses. Consequently, researchers in academia and industry are actively developing technologies to selectively exploit ubiquitin-related enzymes for cancer therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the molecular and functional roles of ubiquitination in key T-cell activation and checkpoint inhibitory pathways to highlight the vast possibilities that targeting ubiquitination offers for advancing T-cell-based immunotherapies.
Therapeutic Potential and Main Methods of Obtaining Selenium Nanoparticles
Authors: Varlamova Elena G. , Turovsky Egor A. , Blinova Ekaterina V.
Published: October 2021

This review presents the latest data on the importance of selenium nanoparticles in human health, their use in medicine, and the main known methods of their production by various methods. In recent years, a multifaceted study of nanoscale complexes in medicine, including selenium nanoparticles, has become very important in view of a number of positive features that make it possible to create new drugs based on them or significantly improve the properties of existing drugs. It is known that selenium is an essential trace element that is part of key antioxidant enzymes. In mammals, there are 25 selenoproteins, in which selenium is a key component of the active site. The important role of selenium in human health has been repeatedly proven by several hundred works in the past few decades; in recent years, the study of selenium nanocomplexes has become the focus of researchers. A large amount of accumulated data requires generalization and systematization in order to improve understanding of the key mechanisms and prospects for the use of selenium nanoparticles in medicine, which is the purpose of this review.
MicroRNA Expression Profiles and Breast Cancer Chemotherapy
Authors: Davey Matthew G. , Lowery Aoife J. , Miller Nicola , Kerin Michael J.
Published: October 2021

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy diagnosed in women. Traditionally, radical surgical resection was the cornerstone of breast cancer management, with limited exceptions. In recent times, our enhanced appreciation of the biomolecular characteristics of breast cancer has transformed the treatment paradigm to include prescription of chemotherapeutical agents, radiotherapies, targeted therapies, as well as more refined surgical approaches. While treatments with such modalities have enhanced clinico-oncological outcomes for breast cancer patients, the efforts of oncological and translational research have concentrated on the identification of novel biomarkers which may successfully inform prognosis and response to therapies, improve current therapeutic strategies, and enhance prognostication. Mi(cro)RNAs are small, non-coding molecules which are known to play regulatory roles in governing gene expression and cellular activity. Measurement of miRNA expression profiles have been illustrated to inform the response to therapies, such as conventional chemotherapy, and are currently undergoing assessment as means of enhancing treatment strategies with these cytotoxic agents. Herein, this review outlines how chemotherapy prescription has revolutionised breast cancer treatment and illustrates the novel role of miRNAs as biomarkers capable of enhancing current therapeutic strategies using chemotherapy in patients being treated with curative intent for breast cancer.
Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Kidney Disease: The Targets for SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
Authors: Winiarska Agata , Knysak Monika , Nabrdalik Katarzyna , Gumprecht Janusz , Stompór Tomasz
Published: October 2021

The incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been increasing worldwide, and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains one of the leading long-term complications of T2D. Several lines of evidence indicate that glucose-lowering agents prevent the onset and progression of DKD in its early stages but are of limited efficacy in later stages of DKD. However, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists were shown to exert nephroprotective effects in patients with established DKD, i.e., those who had a reduced glomerular filtration rate. These effects cannot be solely attributed to the improved metabolic control of diabetes. In our review, we attempted to discuss the interactions of both groups of agents with inflammation and oxidative stress—the key pathways contributing to organ damage in the course of diabetes. SGLT2i and GLP-1R agonists attenuate inflammation and oxidative stress in experimental in vitro and in vivo models of DKD in several ways. In addition, we have described experiments showing the same protective mechanisms as found in DKD in non-diabetic kidney injury models as well as in some tissues and organs other than the kidney. The interaction between both drug groups, inflammation and oxidative stress appears to have a universal mechanism of organ protection in diabetes and other diseases.
Assess the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Propose Solutions for Sustainable Development for Textile Enterprises: An Integrated Data Envelopment Analysis-Binary Logistic Model Approach
Authors: Nguyen Han-Khanh , Vu Mai-Nam
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic impacted many socio-economic areas of countries around the world. It has made the production and business situations of enterprises face substantial difficulties. In this study, the authors used data envelopment analysis (DEA) models to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Vietnam’s textile and garment enterprises. The authors have used the binary logistic model to determine the factors affecting employees’ decision to change jobs in the textile industry. The research results showed that the COVID-19 pandemic greatly affected the business performance of the textile and garment enterprises in Vietnam. Moreover, the results helped identify the factors affecting employee turnover and proposed solutions to help businesses stabilize their personnel situation and develop sustainable businesses in the post-COVID-19 era.
Human education in the historical space virtual world of a computer game
Authors: Murzaev I.O. , Panishchev A.L.
Published: October 2021

This paper is devoted to computer games as a means of educating people. The paper emphasizes that computer games are firmly embedded in the everyday culture of modern society, while they carry a number of threats. However, in addition to the negative aspects, computer games have some positive features that are reasonable to implement within the framework of educational and educational programs. In a sense, a computer game is compared to a book, the content of which a person gets used to and experiences it. Certainly, we recognize that you can't put an equal sign between a computer game and a book, so this comparison is conditional. Thanks to visualization, a computer game can transmit information in a form that is not available to text or speech. It seems that if you do not study computer games in a pedagogical sense, their strengths will remain unclaimed and the whole essence of these games will be reduced to entertainment.

English version of the article on pp. 664-670 is available at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/character-building-and-education-in-the-historical-context-of-the-virtual-world-of-computer-games/70041.html
The future through the eyes of contemporaries
Authors: Motorina I.E.
Published: October 2021

This article discusses the problem of the dependence of value orientations and ideas about the future on sociocultural changes in modern society at the stage of transition to the information stage. The future has worried man since ancient times. The sources of modern ideas about the future we find in mythology and ancient philosophy. Subsequently, various interpretations of the future appeared in utopian philosophy, in futurology, in the concepts of the post-industrial and information society, as well as in science fiction. The image of the future excites modern youth, and they watch films with interest and read books about the future. But without the past, there is no future. All our aspirations about him are connected with modern cultural values and norms. The materials of a sociological study conducted at N.E. Bauman Moscow State Technical University, in the Russian State Humanitarian University and the Higher School of Economics.
Cultural pluralism and modern world processes
Authors: Petrova S.I.
Published: October 2021

The article shows that modern processes of globalization are complexly structured and have not a simple configuration. By preventing globalization, countries strive to preserve their diversity, identity and cultural traditions, and Cultural pluralism has become a pronounced feature of the world community. Within individual cultures, there are processes of increasing individual and group independence in determining cultural activities and cultural consumption.
English version of the article is available on pp. 856-858 at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/cultural-pluralism-and-modern-world-processes/70091.html
Effect of Mangrove Cover on Shrimp Yield in Integrated Mangrove-Shrimp Farming
Authors: TRAN THAI THANH , THO NGUYEN , YEN NGUYEN THI MY , QUANG NGO XUAN , THAO NGUYEN THI PHUONG , VEETTIL BIJEESH KOZHIKKODAN
Published: October 2021

In recent decades, mangroves have been seriously devastated by shrimp farming development in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. As a result, integrated mangrove-shrimp farming has emerged as a potential solution to culture shrimps and protect mangroves. The present study aims to understand whether mangrove-to-pond cover ratios influence shrimp yields in an integrated mangrove-shrimp farming system. Five integrated mangrove-shrimp ponds in the Tam Giang Commune, Nam Can District, Ca Mau Province (Southern Vietnam) were chosen for this study. The study estimated that the mangrove-to-pond cover ratios ranged from 42.00 % to 72.50 %. The total shrimp yield per year (kg.ha-1 yr-1 ) was generally high, ranging from 76.62 to 249.09 (including 37.93 to 108.64 for the black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon Fabricius, 1798), and 38.69 to 140.45 for other shrimps, namely Penaeus indicus Milne Edwards, 1837, Penaeus merguiensis de Man, 1888, Metapenaeus ensis (De Haan, 1844), and Metapenaeus lysianassa (de Man, 1888)). Moreover, a strong positive correlation between the mangrove-to-pond cover ratios and the shrimp yields were observed (r > 0.71, P < 0.05). In conclusion the mangrove-to-pond cover ratios have a direct impact on the total shrimp yield. The mangrove-to-pond cover ratios should be 50 % to enhance shrimp yields in this system.
Occupational Injuries among Physical Therapists in South-West, Nigeria
Authors: Obembe Adebimpe , Onigbinde Ayodele , Johnson Olubusola , Emechete Anne , Oyinlola Medinat
Published: October 2021

Background: Bureau of Labour Statistics (BLS) has identified on-the-job injuries as a major problem facing health care workers. There is little data available on injuries sustained by physical therapists in Nigeria.

Objective: This sfudy was carried out to detennine the nature, prevalence, job risk factors and consequences of occupational injuries with particular focus on musculoskeletal injuries experienced by physical therapists in the south western part of Nigeria.

Methods: A hundred copies, self administered questionnaire composed of thirty (30) close-ended questions were administered to physical therapists working in hospitals and private clinics. Questions included occupational history of the physical therapists; duration of injury; body parts affected; activities that aggravate symptoms; patients predominantly treated; management and preventive strategies. The data were analysed using descriptive analysis.

Results: Seventy-eight percent (78%) of the physical therapists had past histories of occupational injuries. The most prevalent injured body parts were the lower back (45.2%), wrist and hand (26%) mid back (10.6%) and neck (6.7%). The highest job risk factors were manual therapy techniques (20.9%), transferring patients (13.8%) and static position (12.2%). Stroke (31.7%) and low back (28.2%) patients were predominantly treated. Activities that cause re-injury include manual technique and repetitive tasks. Muscle strain was the commonest type of injury (55%), while fracture was the least (1 %).

Conclusion: This study concluded that occupational injury was high among selected physical therapists in the South West of Nigeria. It also concluded that the low back and hands were the most common sites susceptible to injury, while muscle strain was the most common type of injury.

KEYWORDS: Occupational injury, Musculoskeletal injury, Physical therapists
O (DES)AMPARO LEGAL À OBJEÇÃO DE CONSCIÊNCIA
Authors: Santos Reis Junior Almir , Yasmin Lopes Mendes Beatriz , Allen Baretta Gilciane
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo tem por escopo a análise da objeção de consciência. O direito à liberdade de consciência e a garantia ao seu exercício, por meio da objeção de consciência, são objeto de muitas controvérsias na doutrina e na jurisprudência brasileiras e estrangeiras, merecendo a atenção de juristas e da população em geral. O objetivo do presente trabalho é a análise de tal fenômeno, que se manifesta na oposição ao cumprimento de normas ou disposições legais por motivo de consciência. Tal reflexão é realizada por meio do método dedutivo e da pesquisa teórica. Ao final, chegou-se à conclusão de que há vários projetos de lei visando abordar o tema da objeção de consciência, porém, sem técnica legislativa e muitas vezes de forma preconceituosa.
ARGUMENTAÇÃO
Authors: Pedro Villas Boas Jeronymo
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo analisa a forma de argumentação volátil que se tornou lugar comum nos últimos anos na prática jurídica brasileira, com a abertura do Direito para os princípios jurídicos, os quais passaram a dominar, principalmente em sede de controle de constitucionalidade, a construção dos textos motivacionais de decisões dos tribunais, devido à carga normativa de menor densidade, permissivos da fluidez dos juízos. No entanto, essa possibilidade argumentativa leva a uma moral jurídica empobrecida.
Conversion of the planted forest with pinus to grain production in the Brazilian conditions: a study showing the economic perspectives
Authors: Speltz Randy , Ferraz Almeida Risely
Published: October 2021

The Brazilian roundwood production of planted forest (PF) is large and turns Brazil, a prominent player on a global scale. A study was established on a farm located in Tibagi, Paraná, Brazil. We simulated two scenarios: A (continuity planting of pinus), and B (conversion of pinus to corn/soybean production). Results showed that both the productions of pinus and the rotation of soybean/corn are viable economic alternatives. If make-decided, the conversion of pinus to corn/soybean production also presented optimal with an increase of net present value, annual net present value, and internal rate of return, respectively from 9.8 %; R$ 1,519.48; and R$ 160.57 (PF), to 13.7 %; R$ 3,389.50; R$ 304.93 (soybean/corn). The rotation of soybean/corn presented a positive economic flux after the 4th crop-year due to the high initial cost of stump-removal. While, the pinus showed a positive economic flux after the 7th crop-year with the thinning/harvest in the 7th, 10th, 14th, 16th, and 20th years. Based on our results and from literature, we conclude that there is an increase of grain areas due to the influence of global grain consumption and high commodity prices, which can cause a conversion of PF to grain production areas due to higher better economic gains. However, farmers should maintain the economic-health of the property with the diversity of viable economic crops (i.e., pinus and corn/soybean), and the positive impact of planted forest on environmental sustainability.
Оптические методы обеспечения предельной эффективности преобразования
изображений в мозаичных фотоприемниках сверхвысокой размерности
Authors: Козлов А.И.
Published: October 2021

Разработаны и исследованы оптические методы
обеспечения предельной эффективности преобразования
изображений в мозаичных фотоприемниках (МФП)
изображений сверхвысокой размерности инфракрасного
(ИК) и терагерцового (ТГц) спектральных диапазонов
(Рис.). МФП сверхвысокой размерности создают путем
размещения на пластине-носителе (1) стык в стык
кристаллов фотоприемных субмодулей (2) меньшего,
оптимального для изготовления формата [1-13].
Применение МФП ограничивается "слепыми зонами",
обусловленными отсутствием фоточувствительных
элементов (ФЧЭ) вдоль областей стыковки (7)
кристаллов смежных субмодулей.
K-Ar Geochronology Results for the Mount Pisgah Quadrangle, Utah
Authors:   Utah Geological Survey,   Krueger Enterprises, Inc., Geochron Laboratories Division
Published: October 2021

This Open-File Report makes available raw analytical data from laboratory procedures completed to determine the age of a rock sample collected during geologic investigations funded or partially supported by the Utah Geological Survey (UGS). Table 1 provides the sample identification and location for the age data. The references listed in table 1 generally provide additional information such as sample location, geologic setting, and significance or interpretation of the sample in the context of the area where it was collected. This report was prepared by Krueger Enterprises, Inc., Geochron Laboratories Division in 1995 under contract to the UGS. These data are highly technical in nature and proper interpretation requires considerable training in the applicable geochronologic techniques.
Formation and Efficient Estimation of Stochastic Frontier Production Function
Authors: Dhanesh N. J
Published: October 2021

Technological change and efficiency improvement are important sources of productivity growth in any economy. The concept of technical efficiency (TE) is based on input and output relationships. Technical inefficiency arises when actual or observed output from a given input mix is less than a possible mix. The analysis of technical efficiency involves the assessment of the degree to which the production technologies are utilized. The present investigation on “Formation and efficient estimation of stochastic frontier production functions” was carried out in the Department of Agricultural Statistics, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, during 2010 -13. To assess the present economics of pepper cultivation, to formulate a new stochastic frontier production function and to compare different stochastic frontier production functions. The secondary data on the area of holdings, number of vines, yield, expenses for machinery, labour, manure, and other expenses for the cultivation of the major spice pepper collected from the Department of Plantation Crops and Spices, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara were used for the analysis. For the stochastic frontier production model to be realistic, an exact measurement of the cost of the inputs and the realized output is extremely necessary. Very few farmers keep records of the expenditure incurred on the various inputs and rarely the output realized. Vegetable crops have a short duration. So the farmer will be in a position to give realistic figures regarding the various inputs as also the outputs. As regards plantation crops, there will be a lag right from the establishment of the crop to the steady bearing stage. Therefore, it will be very difficult to trace back the exact cost, as no records would be available about the costs incurred. Therefore, a rapid estimation survey is the only feasibility wherein simultaneous estimation of the costs involved from the nursery through the various stages of growth can be observed. Since a farmer who is already having a steady-bearing crop would have incurred lesser costs through the previous stages of growth of the crop, it is most feasible to use the concept of present worth to arrive at the exact costs of previous stages of the crop. The stochastic frontier analysis was done using the present value (PV) and the present cost.
Tannery Wastewater affects the Drinking Water Quality and Heavy Metals in the Palar River Water Pollution in Vellore District Tamil Nadu
Authors: Xavier Susairaj A
Published: October 2021

A large number of chemicals are used in the tanneries to convert the rawhide into finished leather. The chemicals used by the tanneries are ends in wastewater. This wastewater is dumped into nearby rivers and canals that create water pollution heavy metals in the water. The aim of this process is to access the chemicals used in the tannery industry post tanning process and to evaluate the drinking water quality of the wastewater released by the tanneries in the Palar river basin in Vellore district Tamil Nadu. To analyze the perception of the people in the study area affected by health due to wastewater from the tanneries. This study was performed as a cases study of the current drinking water sources used by households and how they perceive the quality of water. The second objective is to analyze the relationship between water quality and health hazards among households in the Vellore district. Primary data was collected from the respondents with the help of a questionnaire, total sample size of the respondent was 500, multistage random sampling technique was used to collect the data with the help of questioner method, the descriptive and statistical tools were used to analyse the data with SPSS and R statistical packages. The result shows that the people in the river basing suggested controlling the wastewater for the tanneries, and they demanded compensation from the tanneries. Finally, to suggest policy measures to control the water pollution in the study area.
Which kinetic model best fits the methane production on pig farms with covered lagoon digesters?
Authors: Lopes Juciara , Rosa André , Sousa Izabelle , Melo Silas , Almeida Antonella , Borges Alisson
Published: October 2021

The volumetric production of biogas can be estimated through kinetic models, although many of them have not been validated adequately in full-scale systems with specific operational conditions in tropical countries. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of these kinetic models to estimate methane production in pig farming operated with covered lagoon digesters (CLD, to inform: Chen-Hashimoto, First-order, Cone, Modified Gompertz, Modified Stover-Kincannon and Deng. The input data were obtained through the monitoring of two CLD in pig farming located in Minas Gerais-Brazil. The analyzed parameters were methane composition, the temperature of the substrate, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and volatile solids. The real production of methane (Pactual) was determined in relation to the electric power production at the internal combustion engine. The results obtained for Pactual and the models were compared through regression analysis (t-test, α=1%). All of the evaluated models overestimate the methane production in comparison with Pactual (405.0 m3 CH4 d-1). The smallest difference between the CH4 production and the measurement on the pig farm was obtained with Chen model, overestimating approximately 16.3%, while the highest estimate was 38.5% obtained with the Modified Stover-Kincannon model. The results showed the absence of statistical differences among the real data (monitored system) and the simulated data (p-value>0.01). The mathematical kinetic models are considered a reliable tool to evaluate the energetic potential of biogas in pig farming with CLD from operational simplicity and low cost.
ПОРІВНЯЛЬНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА АНАТОМО-ТОПОГРАФІЧНОЇ СТРУКТУРИ ЗРУЙНОВАНИХ І ВИДАЛЕНИХ ЗУБІВ, ЯКІ ПОТРЕБУЮТЬ ОРТОПЕДИЧНОГО ЛІКУВАННЯ У МІСЬКИХ І СІЛЬСЬКИХ МЕШКАНЦІВ ПРИЗОВНОГО ВІКУ В ОДЕСЬКІЙ ОБЛАСТІ
Authors: Рачинський С.В. , Шнайдер С.А. , Лабунець О.В. , Дієва Т.В. , Лабунець В.А. , Номеровська О.Є.
Published: October 2021

Проведено поглиблене клінічне стоматологічне об-стеження 170 осіб призовного віку чоловічої статі у віці 18 – 20 років серед міського і 162 серед сільського населення Одеської області. Встановлено, що пере-важна більшість об’єму зруйнованих і видалених зубів у даній категорії населення, як серед міських так і сільських мешканців, які потребують ортопедичного лікування, становлять 6-ті зруйновані зуби і склада-ють відповідно назагал 48,1 % і 66,6 % 77,7 % і 70,7 % на верхній та нижній щелепах. Потім йдуть п’яті зуби, які серед міського населення видаляються у 2, 5 рази більше ніж у сільського і складають відповідно 26, 0% і 28 , 6 % та 11,1 % і 11,1 %. Спостерігається більш значний об’єм видалених зубів на верхній щелепі у порівнянні з нижньою. У 100 % випадків фіксуються тільки часткові дефекти зубних рядів.
Ring-shaped seismicity structures, being formed in the Alaska region: Justi-fied prediction of the place and magnitude of the Simeonof earthquake of July 22, 2020 (Mw 7.8)
Authors: Kopnichev Yuri , Sokolova Inna
Published: October 2021

We have been studying some seismicity characteristics connected with Simeonof earthquake of July 22, 2020 (Mw 7.8) in the area of Shumagin seismic gap, located in the region of South Alaska. 8 years before this event, the authors picked up here ring-shaped seismicity structure. Using characteristics of this structure we made a conclusion on preparation for large earth-quake (Mw~8), similarly to many events in subduction zones. We used data on threshold magnitude and size of the ring structure, and earlier obtained dependences of these parame-ters on magnitudes of main events for the subduction zones in the Eastern Pacific. Accumula-tion of new seismicity data prior to 2020/07/22 allowed us to specify the source location and magnitude of the Simeonof earthquake: Mw=7.9±0.3. It was shown that after this event new ring structures continued to form, which can correspond to preparation for larger earthquake: Mw=8.2±0.2. Geodynamical processes, which lead to formation of the ring structures, are discussing.
On the stability of the seismic mode parameters in time by the example of the east of the central part of Northern Caucasus
Authors: Lutikov Alexander , Gabsatarova Irina , Dontsova Galina
Published: October 2021

The parameters of the seismic regime of the eastern zone of the Central Caucasus are deter-mined based on the new catalog data. A similar study is being carried out for the third time: in 1996, 2015 and 2021. The basis for work in the area surrounding Grozny was laid in 1996 by a comprehensive study of geological, geomorphological, geophysical and seismological ma-terials. When comparing the results, the stability of the seismic regime parameters was estab-lished: the repetition schedule b and seismic activity A3.3 near Grozny, the capital of the Che-chen Republic and a large industrial center in 2015 and 2021. In both cases, the estimates were performed on the same the same territory bounded by coordinates: 41.1-45.6N and 42.6-48.8E. The same basic earthquake catalog was used for the calculations. The difference was in the number of events that took place in this territory from 2015 to 2020 inclusive.
Digital seismic logger "Ermak-5". Five years of development
Authors: Butyrin Pavel
Published: October 2021

The published data on several well-known seismic recorders used in modern seismological moni-toring systems are considered, and their qualitative comparative analysis is carried out. Infor-mation about the presence of Russian devices of this class in the State Register of measuring in-struments is given. The key technical characteristics of the "Ermak" recorder and confirming the results of laboratory and field experiments are given. At the same time, special attention is paid to the correspondence of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the recorder to the reference analogs. A brief description of the flexible power management system for the recorder modules, which is designed to reduce power consumption, is given. The minimum value of the power con-sumption is about 300 mW when recording through six channels, which makes it possible to ef-fectively use the device for long-term measurements using autonomous power supplies. The in-ternal clock of the recorder is synchronized using GPS/GLONASS systems (hundreds of nano-seconds) and NTP-services (tens of microseconds). The efficiency of operation is ensured by the presence of a LCD-screen at the logger, on which, in addition to time and parametric information, waveforms are displayed in various display modes. There is also a list of facilities where "Ermak" was tested or is currently being operated.
Konflik Sunni-Syi’ah di Indonesia Kontemporer: Polarisasi, Diskriminasi dan Kekerasan Agama
Authors: Amal M. Khusna , Shodiq Ahmad Fajar
Published: October 2021

Abstract: This study examines the conflict between Sunni groups and Syi'ah groups in post-New Order Indonesia. Many studies have revealed the problem of religious sectarianism conflict between the two. Some argue that conflict is triggered by differences in religious identity and theology. Others see economic and political aspects as the main factors triggering religious conflict and violence. Starting from the case of the Sunni-Syi'ah conflict in Jambesari Village (Bondowoso), this study finds an interesting finding that the conflict occurred due to sharpening religious polarization and contestation. At the same time, the infiltration of intolerant religious elites from outside the village also contributed to sharpening polarization, escalating tensions, and even triggering mass acts of violence that were suspected to have originated from Sunni groups over the Syi'ah minority group. Alienation, discrimination, dissolution of recitation, vandalism, and burning of houses belonging to Syi’ah elites are forms of violence both physically and psychologically due to the occurrence of this religious conflict.
Metodologi Tafsir Modern-Kontemporer di Indonesia
Authors: Firdausiyah Umi Wasilatul
Published: October 2021

Abstract: This article aims to look at the discourse on the modern-contemporary interpretation methodology in Indonesia. The exegesis methodology is needed by the commentators to understand deeply the contents of the al-Qur’an according to the interpretation rules. Likewise, in exegesis works in Indonesia, the use of its methodology in this modern period is more advanced than the previous periods, collaborated with the variety of exegetical methods to answer the challenges of the new era. Some methods of interpretation, according to the author, are relevant to develop, especially the thematic method that can be collaborated with other approach and style.
Moderasi Beragama dalam Situs tafsiralquran.id
Authors: Miftahuddin Muhammad , Faizah Fatikhatul , Kurniawan Arif
Published: October 2021

Abstract: The case of intolerance between religious communities is still a sexy thing to study, considering that there are still many cases of intolerance between religious communities in Indonesia. One of the causes is the understanding of religious exclusivity and the lack of moderation of thought - especially in understanding the holy texts - in society. So here it becomes important to put forward the reasoning of moderation in viewing the verses of the holy book, in order to create good relations between religious communities. In the current era, online media has become a key media for spreading thoughts on understanding religiousness. This paper will discuss how the moderation makes sense regarding the relationship between religious communities in one of the most influential interpretation sites, namely tafsiralquran.id. The selection of the site was due, first, to the emphasis on the contextuality aspect of the tafsiralquran.id site content. So that it always follows developing issues, especially in Indonesia. Second, tafsiralquran.id is one of the websites that focuses its content on the activities of interpreting the al-Qur'an, which is rarely found in other websites which mostly discuss the interpretation of the al-Qur'an only on a particular theme or topic. The results of this study conclude that the inter-religious conception of moderation is described in seven dimensions of religious moderation which are equipped with indicators, namely; moderation in the aspects of theology, worship, muamalah, law, creation of man and the universe, government and culinary. The seven dimensions of moderation are highly relevant to the context of Indonesian society which is plural, heterogeneous and multiethnic.
Studi Komparasi Metode Penyelesaian Mukhtalif Al-Hadīs antara Muhaddisin dan Fuqaha
Authors: Muhammad Daud Zakiul Fuady , Irwanto Irwanto
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Outwardly, there are hadith that seem contradictory between one hadith and another. It happened not because of the inconsistency of the Prophet Muhammad in giving his words but because of the method of hadith researchers in understanding them. In resolving these contradictory hadiths, there are several methods used by scholars. This paper aims to determine the methods used by hadith scholars and fiqh scholars in completing these hadiths and to compare the methods they use. This research is a literature review using content analysis as a data analysis technique. The results of this study indicate that hadith and fiqh scholars have the same sequence of methods in resolving contradictory hadith, they are al-jam'u (compromising), nasakh (abrogating), tarjih (confirming), and tawaqquf methods (moratorium). Only does Imam Abu Hanifah has a different order, they are nasakh, tarjih, al-jam'u, and tawaqquf. The comparison of the methods used by the two groups of scholars, both hadith and fiqh scholars agreed to prioritize the al-jam'u method as an attempt not to paralyze one hadith with other hadiths. However, in contrast to Imam Abu Hanifah, who prioritized the nasakh method rather than the al-jam'u method, consequently there were hadiths that were not used.
Living Qur’an: Rutinitas Sholat Tasbih (Sewelasan) (Studi Kasus di Pondok Pesantren Darun Najah Desa Sambikarto Kecamatan Sekampung Kabupaten Lampung Timur)
Authors: Hidayah Nikmatul
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Research on bringing the Qur'an to life in the middle of Islamic boarding school life. The series of activities consisted of sunnah hajat prayers, sunah tasbih prayers, tahlil, istighosah and management of Sheikh Abdul Qadir al-Jailani. The object of research at Darun Najah Islamic Boarding School used a phenomenological approach with interview and observation methods. Research proves the existence of a transmission process, namely the connection between sanad and Pondok Pesantren Darussalam Way Jepara. The practice has not undergone a transformation because both in Pondok Pesantren Darussalam or Pondok Pesantren Darun Najah the practice of praying is a mandatory activity, if it does not follow without any definite reason then it gets the consequences. The process of forming activities through three stages: 1) externalization: the activity is made compulsory by caregivers and administrators, 2) objectification: students become accustomed to it and feel light and 3) internalization: many santris feel the pleasure of doing worship.
Perubahan Perilaku Masyarakat Ponorogo dalam Menyelenggarakan Pernikahan di Era Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Sari Ayu Nur Indah
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Indonesia is one of the countries affected by the spread of the corona virus. This has led to various changes in society, one of the things that is affected is the implementation of marriage. This study uses a qualitative method by collecting data through documentation from several online news, Ponorogo district government regulations and direct observations in the community. The findings in this study indicate changes that occur in the implementation of marriages in the Ponorogo community, this is done to reduce the spread of the covid-19 virus and as a manifestation of benefit which is an essential value in maqashid sharia.
Are Strategies for International Diversification by Country, Industry and Region Equivalent?
Authors: Ghilal Rachid , Marhfor Ahmed , Bouchra M'Zali , Lilti Jean Jacques
Published: October 2021

In this study, we examine whether international portfolio diversification still matters despite an increase in the cross-country correlations of assets returns. More specifically, we explain why an increase in global return correlations does not necessarily imply a reduction in the benefits of international portfolio diversification. We also propose to compare empirically two traditional strategies of international diversification (by country and industry) in addition to a new strategy (by region) using two different methodological approaches, namely the mean variance spanning and multivariate cointegration analysis. Over the full sample period (1994- 2008), our results suggest that the three strategies of international diversification remain effective despite the secular increase in the cross-country return correlations. When we divide the sample into two different sub-periods (1994-2000 and 2000-2008), the findings indicate that the strategy based on regional diversification proved to be a new competing strategy during the second period in comparison to the other two traditional strategies.
Nordic green bond issuers’ views on the upcoming EU Green Bond Standard
Authors: Björkholm Linn , Lehner Othmar M.
Published: October 2021

The green bond market is growing and becoming increasingly important in green finance and for the transition to a low-carbon economy. Still, the green bond market is to a large extent unstandardised. There is no commonly agreed definition of the term ‘green’. This has been seen as one of the biggest challenges when it comes to the development of the green bond market. The need of a unified EU standard has been raised and as an effect the establishment of the EU Green Bond Standard is now in development. However, new standards might not only bring advantages, but also challenges. Striking the right balance of strictness might be hard. The research has been conducted through qualitative method with semi-structured interviews. Nine interviews were held during November and December 2020. The data was then analysed through thematic coding in order to find patterns of meaning. The results show that Nordic green bond issuers overall are positive towards the EU Green Bond Standard. The EU GBS has a good aim, to harmonise and enlarge the green bond market. However, the standard brings challenges that are to a large extent known challenges which the EU GBS aims to address, such as labour intensive reporting processes, lack of initiative and reputational risk. Also, it is argued that the standard is not fair and applicable for all the countries and companies. Countries national laws may not always go hand in hand with the standard. For example, the requirements for green buildings are seen as challenging in the Nordics. If these challenges are not taken into consideration, Nordic green bond issuers fear that the market will not grow, but instead decrease. Additionally, Nordic green bond issuers argue the adoption of the EU GBS is not a guarantee for issuers. Bigger institutes are seen to be early adopters. For other issuers investor requirement and positive impact on their company reputation is seen as the key drivers for adoption of the standard.
A New Method of Measuring Retinal Vessel Diameters from Fundus Photographs Based on Retinal Structure and Light Reflection
Authors: Wakebe Satoshi , Yamasue Kotaro , Itoh Hidetoshi
Published: October 2021

We propose a new method and software for measuring blood vessel diameters
from fundus photographs. In this method the edge of the blood vessel is the two
minimum points in the luminance profile and diameter is distance between
minimum points. We noticed the relation between W-shape of luminance profile at
blood vessel transversal line and cylindrical shape, and analyzed the validity
of this method using the diffuse reflection model of a cylinder shape based on
the optics. The simulation image by the diffuse reflection model of the
cylinder was similar to that of the blood vessel images. A newly developed
software using the minimum points can measure repeated measurement in a series
of photographs at the same point of the same person. The data of the repeated
measurement of each person showed stability, and the coefficient of variation
showed no affection of different diameter and arteriovenous distinction. Hence,
we believe that the minimum points are valid as blood vessel edges. The
software that measures these blood vessel edges has an extremely simple
measurement procedure, possesses few errors, and is easy to automate. This
method is relevant because the central reflex, which has not been utilized
previously, optically represents the cylindrical three-dimensional structure of
blood vessels.