bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enerji Muhasebesi Alanındaki Çalışmaların Bibliyometrik Analiz Yöntemi Aracılığıyla İncelenmesi (A Review of the Research in the Field of Energy Accounting Through the Bibliometric Analysis Method)
Authors: Ever Demet
Published: March 2024

Amaç –Enerji, gerek sosyal gerek ekonomik kalkınma için önemli bir unsurudur. Öyle ki birçok ülke ve işletmeler için enerji kullanımına yönelik bilgilerin etkin bir şekilde yönetilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda son yıllarda muhasebe alanında yeni bir yaklaşım olarak “Enerji Muhasebesi”ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu doğrultuda bu çalışma ile enerji muhasebesi alanındaki bilimsel araştırmaları bibliyometrik analiz yöntemi incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın temel amacı; sosyal, ekonomik ve çevresel açıdan önem arz eden enerji konusunu muhasebe bilgi sistemi kapsamında ele alarak, enerji muhasebesi kavramına dikkat çekmektir. Böylelikle literatürde yapılan çalışmalardan hareketle enerji muhasebesine yönelik çalışmaların bibliyometrik göstergeler aracılığı ile geniş bir perspektiften ortaya konulması hedeflenmektedir.Yöntem –Çalışmada, enerji muhasebesi alanında yapılan çalışmalar nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden bibliyometrik analiz yöntemi ile Web of Science (WoS) veri tabanı esas alınarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmada bibliyometrik veriler elde etmek amacıyla çalışmalar, konu (topic) ve “and” seçeneği kullanılarak anahtar kelimelerde “enerji muhasebesi” olarak analize tabi tutulmuştur. Yapılan araştırma sonucunda 340 çalışmaya ulaşılmış olup, 1980-2023 yılları baz alınmıştır. Bulgular –Enerji muhasebesi alanında yapılan 340 çalışmanın en çok 2019 yılında yapıldığı tespit edilerek, çalışma sayılarında yıllar itibariyle dalgalı bir seyir halinde artış yaşandığı gözlemlenmiştir. Çalışmaların büyük bir çoğunluğu makalelerden oluşmakta iken, en çok çalışma “Elsevier” yayınevine aittir. Çalışmalar çok çeşitli sayıda ülkelerde yapılmış olup, dünyada enerjiyi en çok tüketen ülkelerde bu çalışmanın yapılması dikkat çekmiştir. Öyle ki söz konusu bu çalışmaların büyük çoğunluğu “İngilizce” dilinde yayımlanmıştır. Ayrıca çeşitli dillerde de çalışmalar mevcuttur. Enerji Muhasebesi alanında yapılan çalışmaların büyük bir kısmı ise mühendislik bilimlerini kapsamaktadır.Tartışma –Yapılan araştırma sonucunda farklı dillerde ve çok çeşitli sayıda ülkelerde enerji muhasebesi alanında yapılan çalışmalara ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma alanlarına bakıldığında ise enerji muhasebesinin çok çeşitli sayıda disiplinleri kapsadığı görülmüştür. Sosyal bilimlerde 14 çalışma ile en çok “işletme ekonomisi” alanında yapılan çalışmalara rastlanmasına rağmen, muhasebe alanında yapılan çalışmaların sayısı oldukça sınırlı sayıdadır.
Kadın Girişimcilerin Başarılarına Etki Eden Motivasyon Faktörleri: Gaziantep İlinde Bir Uygulama (Motivational Factors Affecting The Success of Female Entrepreneur: An Application in Gaziantep)
Authors: Çıkmaz Esra
Published: March 2024

Amaç -Kadınların iş hayatına katılabilmeleri ve başarı sağlayabilmeleri için, iş hayatındaki başarıyı etkileyen faktörlerin ortaya çıkarılması gerekmektedir. Son yıllarda kadın girişimciliğinin geliştirilmesine yönelik konularda çeşitli araştırmalar yapılmıştır. Ancak kadın girişimcilerin başarılarına etki eden motivasyon faktörlerinin belirlenmesine ilişkin araştırmaların sınırlı sayıda olduğu görülmüştür. Bu nedenle çalışmada, Gaziantep’te faaliyet göstermekte olan kadın girişimcilerin başarılarına etki eden motivasyon faktörlerinin belirlenmesi ve bu faktörlerin girişimci kadınları nasıl etkilediğinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem-Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan derinlemesine görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada katılımcılar kartopu örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Gaziantep Ticaret ve Sanayi Odası üyesi, en az bir yıldır faaliyet gösteren işletme sahibi 30 kadın girişimciyle yarı yapılandırılmış soruların yöneltildiği yüz yüze görüşme yapılmıştır. Görüşmeden elde edilen veriler içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur.Toplanan verilerin analizinde MAXQDA 2022 nitel veri analizi programı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda programda içerik ve tematik analizler gerçekleştirilerek başarılarına etki eden motivasyon faktörleri belirlenmiştir. Bulgular -Gaziantep ilindeki kadın girişimcilerin başarılarına etki eden motivasyon faktörlerinin; dinamik bir işletme olmak, güncel ürünler tasarlamak, müşteri memnuniyeti, rakipleri geçmek, yenilikleri takip etmek, insanlarla iletişim kurmak ve insanların ne istediğini anlamak olduğu belirlenmiştir. Literatür incelemesi yapıldığında bazı çalışmalarda benzer sonuçların, bazılarında ise farklı sonuçların elde edildiği görülmüştür.Tartışma–Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlar ile önceden yapılan araştırma sonuçları karşılaştırılmış, bazı çalışmalarda benzer sonuçlar, bazılarında ise farklı sonuçların elde edildiği görülmüştür. Bu farklılığın farklı destinasyonlardan kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir. Eskişehir’de gerçekleştirilen benzer bir çalışmada bu çalışmada olduğu gibi motivasyon faktörlerinin kendi aralarında içsel, dışsal ve çevresel olarak üç ana tema altında kategorize edildiği görülmüştür.
Dinamik Yetenekler Yaklaşımına Yönelik Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz (A Bibliometric Analysis of Dynamic Capabilities Approach)
Authors: Bayazıt Ateş , Gürbüzer Gökçe Bahar
Published: March 2024

Amaç –Bibliyometrik analiz çalışmalarında belirlenen araştırma konusuna yönelik yapılmış bilimsel çalışmalara ait veri tabanlarından elde edilen verilerin bir yazılım programı aracılığıyla bilimsel çalışmaların temel özelliklerinin analizi yapılmaktadır. Böyleceelde edilen genel bibliyometrik bilgilerin ışığında dinamik yetenekler literatürünün kavramsal yapısı daha detaylı bir şekilde açıklanmıştır. Dolayısıyla araştırma kapsamlı bulgular ortaya koyması bakımından önemlidir.Bu çalışmanın amacı 1990’lı yıllardan sonra kavramsal olarak gelişmiş günümüzde hem pazarlama hem de yönetim literatüründe sıklıkla çalışma konusu olan, işletmelerin değişken ve belirsiz çevre koşulları altındaki durumlarını inceleyen dinamik yetenekler yaklaşımına yönelik gerçekleştirilen çalışmaların, bilimsel açıdan dönemsel ve yapısal olarak nasıl geliştiğini, evrildiğini ve özellikle sosyal bilimler alanında nasıl bir yer kapladığını analiz etmektir.Yöntem –Bu doğrultuda konu ile ilgili olarak Web of Science veri tabanında endekslenmiş çalışmalardan elde edilen verilerin Vosviewer yazılım programı aracılığıyla analizi yapılmıştır.Bulgular –Dinamik yetenekler çalışmalarının dördüncü dönemde hız kazandığı, daha çok yönetim temelli çalışmalarla uluslararası indeksli yayınların yapıldığı, rekabet avantajı, organizasyonel değişim, bilgi yönetimi, inovasyon, strateji gibi kavramlarla birlikte çalışıldığı görülmüştür. Tartışma –Araştırma bulguları doğrultusunda analize tabi tutulan veri setindeki çalışmaların yönetim bilimleri ağırlıklı olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmada ayrıca, dinamik yeteneklerin pazarlama içerisindeki yeri ve evrensel alandaki konumunu incelenmiş ve indeksli yayınlardaki sınırlı temsiline vurgu yapılmıştır. Dinamik yeteneklerin disiplinler arası etkilerini vurgulayarak çoklu disiplinler arası yaklaşımlarla araştırılması gerekliliği görülmüştür.
Active manipulation of a tethered drone using explainable AI
Authors: Barawkar Shraddha , Kumar Manish
Published: March 2024

Tethered drones are currently finding a wide range of applications such as for aerial surveillance, traffic monitoring, and setting up ad-hoc communication networks. However, many technological gaps are required to be addressed for such systems. Most commercially available tethered drones hover at a certain position; however, the control task becomes challenging when the ground robot or station needs to move. In such a scenario, the drone is required to coordinate its motion with the moving ground vehicle without which the tether can destabilize the drone. Another challenging aspect is when the system is required to operate in GPS denied environments, such as in planetary exploration. In this paper, to address these issues, we take advantage of passive or force-based control in which the tension in the tether is sensed and used to drive the drone. Fuzzy logic is used to implement the force-based controller as a tool for explainable Artificial Intelligence. The proposed fuzzy logic controller takes tether force and its rate of change as the inputs and provides desired attitudes as the outputs. Via simulations and experiments, we show that the proposed controller allows effective coordination between the drone and the moving ground rover. The rule-based feature of fuzzy logic provides linguistic explainability for its decisions. Simulation and experimental results are provided to validate the novel controller. This paper additionally develops an adaptive controller for estimating unknown constant winds on these tethered drone systems using a proportional controller. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive control scheme in addressing the effect of wind on a tethered drone.
Reduced dimensional ferroelectric domains and their characterization techniques
Authors: Jang Jinhyuk , Choi Si-Young
Published: March 2024

Ferroelectricity is one of the most major physical phenomena in electronic devices due to its sustainable polarity in the absence of an external electric field and its switchability in response to external stimuli. In alignment with the industry trend towards increasingly integrated devices, research into smaller-sized ferroelectric materials becomes indispensable. In the pursuit of achieving the pinnacle of device miniaturization, recent studies have unveiled materials exhibiting sub-nanometric, unit cell-level domains. Concurrently, advances in transmission electron microscopy-based structural characterization techniques have been made, enabling in-depth analysis of the intricate properties of these miniaturized ferroelectric materials. This review highlights the structural mechanism of ferroelectricity in a reduced scale, as well as the recent advancements in electron microscopy techniques for characterizing miniaturized ferroelectric domains, particularly in the fields of in-situ biasing and atomic scale imaging. We believe that this work will provide structural insights for engineering and characterizing ferroelectrics for the design of downsized high-density memory devices at the quantum limit.
Control of a Spherical Robot with a Nonholonomic Omniwheel Hinge Inside
Authors:   I. N. Ulianov Chuvash State University, Mikishanina E. A.
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the rolling along the horizontal plane of two coupled rigid bodies: a spherical shell and a dynamically asymmetric rigid body which rotates around the geometric center of the shell. The inner body is in contact with the shell by means of omniwheels. A complete system of equations of motion for an arbitrary number of omniwheels is constructed. The possibility of controlling the motion of this mechanical system along a given trajectory by controlling the angular velocities of omniwheels is investigated. The cases of two omniwheels and three omniwheels are studied in detail. It is shown that two omniwheels are not enough to control along any given curve. It is necessary to have three or more omniwheels. The quaternion approach is used to study the dynamics of the system.
On the Dynamics of a Biped upon a Moving Rough Plane
Authors:   Sirius University of Science and Technology, Ivanov A. P.
Published: March 2024

We consider the planar problem of the dynamics of a body moving along a horizontal with two legs in contact with a rough horizontal plane. Possible types of movements of the body are discussed depending on the acceleration of the support: relative equilibrium, sliding on two legs, lifting off one leg without sliding on the other, lifting off one leg while sliding on the other. Based on the results obtained, it is shown that, when sliding on two legs, the friction force is generally anisotropic. This makes it possible to transport the body due to simple vibrations of the plane, for example, harmonic vibrations.
Gendered Disparities in Water and Sanitation through an Intersectional Lens: Emphasising Women’s Perspectives
Authors: Shekhar Sumit , Dwivedi Amrita
Published: March 2024

The relationship between gender and water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) has been a widely accepted concern among academicians, activists, and social workers in India, but research and policies focusing on gender and sanitation often fail to address the issue of the intersectionality of identities. Analysing the complex intersection of caste, class, age and gender with water and sanitation in rural India extends new opportunities to explore the complex power dynamics prevalent in society. A focus group study with 54 female participants of seven discussions and in-depth interviews has been conducted in the Hardoi district of Uttar Pradesh to explore the social relations and differences in the physical world within the context of accessibility, affordability, and availability in the water and sanitation sector. Given gendered and other social divisions, we elaborate on how women play an essential role in water and sanitation management in the household. This study also offers evidence of rural women’s experiences of intra-personal, household, and social harassment and violence related to poor or absence of sanitation and water infrastructure due to intersectional social dynamics. We also demonstrate how theorising about a single dimension of social difference ignores the different groups’ access to power, leading to inequality and disparity.
Only Euclidean Relativity Provides a Holistic View of Nature
Authors: Niemz Markolf H.
Published: March 2024

Special and general relativity (SR/GR) describe nature “subjectively”, that is, from the perspective of just one observer at a time (one group of observers, to be exact). Mathematically, SR/GR are correct. I show: (1) Physically, SR/GR have an issue. Despite the covariance of SR/GR, there is always just one active perspective. Because of this constraint, there is no holistic view of nature. The issue shows itself in unsolved mysteries. Still, the Lorentz factor and gravitational time dilation are correct. This is why the concepts of spacetime in SR/GR work well except for cosmology and quantum mechanics. (2) Euclidean relativity (ER) describes nature “objectively”, that is, from the perspectives of all objects at once. An object’s (!) proper space d1, d2, d3 and proper time τ span 4D Euclidean spacetime (ES), where d1, d2, d3 and d4 = cτ are treated the same. All energy moves through ES at the speed c. An observer’s reality is created by projecting ES orthogonally to his proper space and to his proper time. In SR, these concepts are considered coordinate space and coordinate time. Neither their reassembly to a non-Euclidean spacetime nor the parameterization in SR/GR provides a holistic view. The scalar τ, in particular, cannot factor in an object’s 4D vector “flow of proper time” τ. The SO(4) symmetry of ES is incompatible with waves. This is fine because waves and particles are subjective concepts. A master reality (described by ER) is beyond each observer’s reality (described by SR/GR). ER solves 15 mysteries at once, such as time’s arrow, the Hubble tension, dark energy, and non-locality.
Role of Melatonin in Viral, Bacterial and Parasitic Infections
Authors: Maestroni Georges JM
Published: March 2024

In all mammals, the circulating pool of MLT is synthesized in the pineal gland, during the night darkness hours. Its main function is that of synchronizing the organism in the photoperiod. In contrast, extra-pineal MLT is synthesized in peripheral organs, does not follow any circadian rhythm nor circulates and plays a detoxifying and cytoprotective action. Circulating MLT may stimulate both innate and acquired immune responses by its circadian action and by activating high affinity receptors on immunocompetent cells. Extra-pineal MLT may have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects dampening the innate immune response. These two seemingly divergent roles may be considered as two faces of the same coin. In fact, the integration of both circulating and extra-pineal MLT functions might generate a balanced and effective immune response against microbial pathogens. The studies described in this review investigated the effect of exogenous MLT in various models of infectious diseases using extremely different doses and treatment schedules. None of them evaluated the possibility to integrate the non-circadian anti-inflammatory effect with the circadian immunoenhancing action of MLT. As a consequence, in spite that most studies agree that MLT has a beneficial effect against infections, it seems difficult to draw any definite conclusion about its possible therapeutic use.
Diagnosis, Treatment and Long-Term Management of Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Adults: A Delphi Expert Consensus
Authors: Obeid Rima , Andrès Emmanuel , Češka Richard , Hooshmand Babak , Prada Gabriel Ioan , Sławek Jarosław , Traykov Latchezar , Ta Binh Van , Várkonyi Tamás , Reiners Karlheinz
Published: March 2024

Background/Objectives: Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause variable symptoms, which may be irreversible if not diagnosed and treated in a timely manner. We aimed to develop a widely accepted expert consensus to guide the practice of diagnosing and treating B12 deficiency. Methods: We conducted a scoping review of the literature published in PubMed since January 2003. Data were used to design a two-round Delphi survey to study the level of consensus among 42 experts. Results: The panelists agreed on the need for educational and organizational changes in the current medical practices for diagnosing and treating B12 deficiency. Recognition of clinical symptoms should receive the highest priority in establishing the diagnosis. There is agreement that the serum B12 concentration is useful as a screening marker, whereas methylmalonic acid or homocysteine can support the diagnosis. Patient lifestyle, disease history and medications can provide clues to the cause of B12 deficiency. Regardless of the cause of the deficiency, initial treatment with parenteral B12 was regarded as the first choice for patients with acute and severe manifestations of B12 deficiency. The use of high-dose oral B12 at different frequencies may be considered for long-term treatment. Prophylactic B12 supplementation should be considered for specific high-risk groups. Conclusions: There is a consensus that clinical symptoms need to receive more attention and weight in establishing a diagnosis. B12 laboratory markers can support the diagnosis. The severity of clinical symptoms, the causes of B12 deficiency and the treatment goals govern decisions regarding the route and dose of B12 therapy.
An Improved Deadlock Detection and Resolution Algorithm for Distributed Computing Systems
Authors: Helmy Tarek
Published: March 2024

Deadlock is a real problem that can cause expensive, time-dependent hang-ups or failures in distributed computing systems. Some studies have been conducted with deadlock detection and resolution in generalized request computing models, most of these studies are based on the diffusing computation scheme, where forward and backward propagated probe and reply messages respectively are diffused between dependent processes. The replies carry the dependency information between processes for the initiator. Using this dependency information initiator can detect and resolve the deadlock cycle. It has been proven in the literature that a deadlock cycle length distribution is skewed with a large majority of cycles (90%) having length two. Based on this fact an improved algorithm is proposed for handling deadlock detection in distributed computing systems under the distributed request model where each process has several requests at a time. The improved algorithm depends mainly on message propagation and timeout policy. Probe and reply messages are propagated between the initiator and its successors only to detect deadlock cycles between them. Global timeout policy is used to detect potential deadlock cycles with large length distribution. The proposed algorithm can handle concurrent executions. Simulation experiments are performed to see the effectiveness of the improved algorithm. It is found that the improved algorithm compares favorably with other existing algorithms and it shows better results for several performance metrics especially in reducing deadlock latency and execution time.
Weighing the Pros and Cons of Newton’s Sum in Quadratic Root Function Computations Analysis
Authors: Chew Peter
Published: March 2024

This study provides a comprehensive comparison of the Peter Chew Sum method and Newton's Sum in Quadratic Root Function Computations. Both methods offer significant advancements by alleviating the need for memorization of multiple formulas. However, when confronted with higher-order quadratic root functions such as +. Newton's Sum method proves cumbersome due to its requirement of all previous answers for final computation, leading to increased steps and error risks. In contrast, the Peter Chew Sum method simplifies the computational process by requiring only a few previous answers, resulting in a more straightforward series of operations. We contextualize our analysis within the historical progression of mathematical techniques, highlighting the transformative leap represented by the Peter Chew Sum method in quadratic root function computations. Peter Chew Sum addressing the limitations of Newton's Sum , especially concerning higher-order functions such as+ . Furthermore, study demonstrates that the innovative approach of the Peter Chew Sum method not only simplifies complex computations but also fosters enhanced conceptual understanding among students. In conclusion, study findings underscore the profound impact of the Peter Chew Sum method on quadratic root function computations.
Utility of ChatGPT-4 in Musculoskeletal Imaging: A Narrative Review
Authors: Albahkali Salha , Alawad Saud
Published: March 2024

Background: With its impressive natural language processing and comprehension skills, ChatGPT-4 (Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer) is a technology that shows great promise for use in a number of medical fields. This article provides a thorough description of the possible uses of OpenAI's state-of-the-art language model, ChatGPT-4, in musculoskeletal imaging. Purpose for review: MSK Radiologists need to evolve about their knowledge and understanding of the roles of ChatGPT and its implications in daily practice. We aim to emphasize the advantages of ChatGPT-4 on the musculoskeletal imaging field and its potential to enhance radiologist working checklist review items, and the overall productivity of radiology reports. Recent findings: The fact of that specialists in radiology, rheumatology, orthopedic surgery, and other fields are conversant with ChatGPT. Furthermore, opinions are generally well, despite the fact that many people have reservations about the new technology, which is still developing [1]. Compared to GPT-4V based ChatGPT, GPT-4 based ChatGPT showed noticeably better diagnostic accuracy. Although ChatGPT, which is based on GPT-4, performed diagnostically on par with radiology residents, however, it demonstrated lower performance than a musculoskeletal radiologist [2].
Healing Potential of the Marine Polysaccharides Carrageenan and Ulvan on Second Degree Burns
Authors: Statha Dimitra , Papaioannou Asimina , Kikionis Stefanos , Kostaki Maria , Sfiniadakis Ioannis , Vitsos Andreas , Anastassopoulou Jane , Ioannou Efstathia , Roussis Vassilios , Rallis Michail Christou
Published: March 2024

The bioactive marine sulfated polysaccharides ulvan and carrageenan, formulated in gels at 1.5, 5.0 and 10% w/w concentrations, were evaluated for their wound healing potential on second-degree burn wounds. The polysaccharide-based gels were administered on the burn-inflamed skin of hairless female SKH-hr2 mice, and the therapeutic effect of the various treatments was assessed based on histopathological analysis, the clinical condition of mice, photo-documentation, evaluation of biophysical skin parameters, and FT-IR spectroscopy.Clinical and histopathological assessment, as well as the reduction rate of the burn wound area, indicated that the 10% w/w carrageenan gel significantly enhanced wound healing, especially at the early stages of the healing process, recovering both the α-helix of collagen and the glycosaminoglycans configuration as evidenced by the FT-IR absorption bandsof skin in vivo and ex vivo. At later stages, the healing effect of the 5% w/w ulvan gel was also notably significant, indicating that carrageenan and ulvan wound dressing gels could potentially contribute to the efficient wound healing of burn wounds.
Pivotal Role of Artificial Intelligence in Cardiovascular Health: Highlights from the Late Breaking Trials at the AHA Scientific Sessions 2023
Authors: Srikanth Sashwath , Mondal Avilash , Aggarwal Sanjana , Alle Naga Ruthvika , Odugbemi Olufemi , Desai Rupak
Published: March 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of mortality. Traditional approaches to diagnosing and treating CVDs often involve interpretation, which can lead to errors. The emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning aids the management of CVDs. AI examines amounts of data and identifies patterns offering solutions for disease detection, risk prediction, and patient care. The American Heart Association's 2023 Scientific Sessions (AHA23) showcased studies that highlight AIs potential to revolutionize cardiac healthcare. This article presents a review of these cutting-edge studies exploring how AI is applied in health, the outcomes of these applications, and their implications for clinical practice. The insights gained from this review will contribute to the discussion on AI's role in healthcare and its capacity to enhance outcomes.
Perceptions of Adulthood and Mental Health
Authors: Tavakkoli Mediss , Valarezo Erick , García Luis F.
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
Background: In contrast to conventional definitions, the contemporary conceptualization of adulthood emphasizes psychological characteristics over sociodemographic milestones. Concurrently, there is a growing proposition that individuals' perceptions of adulthood exert a substantial influence on the mental well-being of adolescents and adults. However, empirical examination of this hypothesis has been notably limited to date.
Method: This study applied some adulthood markers, and multiple mental health indices (including Well-being, Optimism, Alexithymia, Satisfaction with life, Goldberg's index of mental health, Dark triad, and dimensional personality disorders) to a community sample comprising 1772 individuals in Spain, spanning ages from 16 to 93 years.
Results: The findings support the overarching hypothesis, as perceptions of adulthood exhibit significant associations with almost all measured mental health indices, especially with those conforming a factor of Negative emotions. These associations persist even after accounting for age and socioeconomic status, and in alignment with the psychological paradigm of adulthood, they demonstrate stability across different age cohorts.
Conclusions: The study establishes that such perceptions of adulthood represent a modifiable factor contributing to positive mental health. The implications of these findings for the formulation of public policies aimed at promoting mental health in the context of adulthood are deliberated, as well as a number of future studies.
A Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial to Assess the Efficacy of Polyherbal Metabolite Compounds in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kadanangode Narayanaswamy Nandakumar , Subramanian Prasanth , Nehru Mohanraj , Mothishwaran Bhuvaneshwaran , Kumar Rajappan Chandra Satish , Prabhu Venkataraman
Published: March 2024

Background and Objectives: In this current state, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is more prevalent in the population, and metformin is used as a first-line medication for treating it. There was up surge in the utilization of alternative therapies in the management of diabetes. Especially in diabetes, Herbal medicines are considered safe and reliable by majority of the population. Aim: The purpose of this research is aimed to estimate the safety and efficacy of Polyherbal Metabolite Compounds (PHMC) capsules in adults with T2DM. Materials and Methods: In this study, 60 T2DM patients aged 18-60 years were randomly assigned to Groups A (30) receiving Metformin 500 mg twice a day after food and Group B (30) receiving PHMC capsule 500 mg twice a day after food in a prospective, randomized and open-label clinical study. The in-silico simulation study was performed to selected plants major compounds on target protein Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (1K3A). Result: The PHMC is found to be safe and effective in the management of T2DM. The FBS, PPBS and HbA1c were significantly lowered (p
Treatment of Aggressive Behavior and Agitation in a 11-Year-Old Boy With Co-occurring Autism and ADHD: A Case Report and Literature Review on the Use of Intravenous Valproate in Emergency Psychiatry
Authors: Carta Alessandra , Cavassa Vanna , Puci Mariangela V. , Averna Roberto , Sotgiu Giovanni , Valeri Giovanni , Vicari Stefano , Sotgiu Stefano
Published: March 2024

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a persistent neurodevelopment disorder frequently co-occurring with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and behavior-related disorders. While behavioral therapy is the first-line option to manage ASD core symptoms, pharmacological therapy is sometimes needed to treat acute problems, such as agitation and aggressive behaviors. Recent guidelines recommend neuroleptics to reduce psychomotor agitation in people with ASD. However, since children with ASD are often drug-resistant, alternative treatments are often justified.
Reports from literature showed that intra-venous valproate (IV-VPA) can be effective in reducing agitation in psychiatric patients, with lower frequency of adverse events compared to convention-al treatments. However, since findings are occasionally inconsistent, IV-VPA is not an approved option in clinical psychiatry. We aim at improving the knowledge on the IV-VPA treatment option in emergency psychiatry in the pediatric age.
Methods: We report the case of a 11-year-old boy suffering from a complex neurodevelopmental condition, who experienced a psychotic episode with severe aggressive and disruptive behaviors, successfully treated with IV-VPA. Besides, we conducted an up-dated literature review on this topic.
Conclusion: In our case, first-line therapies proved to be ineffective. On the contrary, IV-VPA led to a safe and prompt clinical success, in line with other reports. Based on our literature review, IV-VPA can be highly effective and can reduce the risk of adverse events that frequently occur with the use of high-dose standard medications in emergency psychiatry.
Integrated Neuro-Symbolic Analysis Pipeline for Cerebral Aneurysm Rupture Diagnosis
Authors: Xiao Max
Published: March 2024

The importance of detecting and diagnosing the imminence of aneurysm rupture before it occurs cannot be overstated. However, this process is often time-consuming and challenging, with variability in conclusions not uncommon among experts. Furthermore, current state-of-the-art models in medical image segmentation suffer from limited availability of large annotated datasets for training, exacerbated by an immense data imbalance. In most segmentation tasks, 3D segmentation is preferred due to its capacity to leverage more contextual information. However, these models require more data, which is constrained by the aforementioned issues. In the realm of current diagnosis models, those lacking geographic context are notably ineffective. To address these issues, the aim is to develop a model pipeline to accurately detect cerebral intracranial aneurysms and diagnose rupture imminence through 3D magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and tabular input, augmented with the implementation of neuro-symbolic ai. The utilization of data fusion to tackle the lack of context in tabular models is proposed, leveraging extracted geographical features from a segmentation model. To enhance segmentation results and tackle the data imbalance in aneurysm segmentation, a two-stage model pipeline that extracts contextual geographic features before aneurysm segmentation is suggested. Segmentation results are additionally improved through ensemble techniques and novel preprocessing techniques. Finally, a neuro-symbolic aspect is introduced to enhance model diagnosis, interpretability and performance. The multi-step Integrated Neuro-Symbolic Analysis Pipeline for Cerebral Aneurysm Rupture Diagnosis is introduced.
Identifying Features of a System of Practice to Inform a Contemporary Competency Framework for Paramedics in Canada
Authors: Batt Alan M , Lysko Meghan , Bolster Jennifer L , Poirier Pierre , Cassista Derek , Austin Michael , Cameron Cheryl , Donnelly Elizabeth A. , Donelon Becky , Dunn Noel , Johnston William , Lanos Chelsea , Lunn Tyne M , Mason Paige , Teed Sean , Vacon Charlene , Tavares Walter
Published: March 2024

Introduction
Paramedic practice is highly variable, occurs in diverse contexts, and involves the assessment and management of a range of presentations of varying acuity across the lifespan. As a result, attempts to define paramedic practice have been challenging and incomplete. This has led to inaccurate or under-representations of practice that can ultimately affect education, assessment, and the delivery of care. In this study, we outline our efforts to better identify, explore, and represent professional practice when revising a national competency framework for paramedics in Canada.

Methods
We used a systems thinking approach to identify the settings, contexts, features, and influences on paramedic practice in Canada. This approach makes use of the role and influence of system features at the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, supra-macro system, and chronosystem levels in ways that can provide new insights. We used methods such as rich pictures, diagramming, and systems mapping to explore relationships between these contexts and features.

Findings
When we examine the system of practice in paramedicine, multiple layers become evident and within them we start to see details of features that ought to be considered in any future competency development work. Our exploration of the system highlights that paramedic practice considers the person-receiving care, caregivers, and paramedics. It involves collaboration within co-located and dispersed teams that are composed of other health and social care professionals, public safety personnel, and others. Practice is enacted across varying geographical, cultural, social, and technical contexts, and is subject to multiple levels of policy, regulatory, and legislative influence.

Conclusion
Using a systems thinking approach, we developed a detailed systems map of paramedic practice in Canada. This map can be used to inform the initial stages of a more representative, comprehensive, and contemporary national competency framework for paramedics in Canada.
360o Fusion of the Lumbar Spine Using Flarehawk 9 : A Retrospective Study of 58 Patients Demonstrating Imagistic and Clinical Outcomes with One Year Follow-up
Authors: Zygogiannis Konstantinos , Chatzikomninos Ioannis , Moschos Savvas , Palavos Ioannis , Koulalis Dimitrios , Kalampokis Anastasios
Published: March 2024

Background/Objectives:The first attempts of posterior lumbar interbody fusion can be traced back to the 1940s, where their performance was marked by animosity due to high rates of failure. Nowadays, the use of interbody fusion involves a much more complicated consideration of factors such as global alignment, disc height, fusion rates, and operative risk, all combined at once.Our study aims to examine all these effects using Flarehawk 9 as a means of interbody fusion.Materials and methods: A total of 58 patients underwent open posterior lumbar surgery using Flarehawk 9 between September 2021 and February 2023 with a mean follow up of 1 year.The mean age was 59.8 years old ( range between 33 and 79 years old), 36 of them are males while 22 of them are females. The diagnostic groups included spinal canal stenosis (n=40), failed back surgery syndrome-revision surgery (n=5),spondylolisthesis with slip percentage 25% (n=4),recurrent herniated disc (n=7) and adjacent segment disease (n=2). Results: The majority of patients demonstrated remarkable improvement based on ODI scores.The rate of union varied based on the fused levels and whether the patients had previous surgery or not.The amount of lordosis postoperatively is increased by 2±0.4 degrees.Conclusions: Even though anterior approaches become more and more popular and advanced nowadays, posterior fusion with interbody cage still remains a safe and effective method to treat various spine surgical pathologies with optimal results.
Novel Fermentates Can Enhance Key Immune Responses Associated with Viral Immunity
Authors: Finnegan Dearbhla , Mechoud Monica A , Fitzgerald Jamie A , Beresford Tom , Mathur Harsh , Cotter Paul D. , Loscher Christine
Published: March 2024

Fermented foods have long been known to have immunomodulatory capabilities and fermentates derived from the lactic acid bacteria of dairy products can modulate the immune system. We have used skimmed milk powder to generate novel fermentates using Lb. helveticus strains SC234 and SC232 and we demonstrate here that these fermentates can enhance key immune mechanisms that are critical to the immune response to viruses. We show that our novel fermentates SC234 and SC232 can positively impact on cytokine and chemokine secretion, nitric oxide (NO) production, cell surface marker expression, and phagocytosis in macrophage models. We demonstrate that fermentates SC234 and SC232 increase the secretion of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-27, and IL-10, promote an M1 proinflammatory phenotype for viral immunity via NO induction, decreases chemokine expression of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein (MCP), increasing cell surface marker expression, and enhance phagocytosis in comparison to their starting material. These data suggest that these novel fermentates have potential as novel functional food ingredients for the treatment, management and control of viral infection.
Using Optical Sensor Applied to Rapid Soil Test Kit for NH4+ and NO3- in Soil
Authors: Jaisin Chawaroj , Aumtong Suphathida , Chotamonsak Charkit
Published: March 2024

This study aims to construct simple devices to ascertain the concentrations of ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-). The device structure comprises a visible and near-infrared absorption meas-urement room, along with an RGB (red, green, and blue) absorption measurement room, con-stituting the two measuring rooms. Both the measurement rooms are equipped with light sources and detectors configured to operate in opposed or thru-beam modes. A tiny processor is utilized for processing the measurements, with an algorithm implemented within its memory. During the algorithm development phase, ranges for measuring the quantity of nutrients were categorized using a discriminant analysis approach. Thirty percent of the soil sample data were utilized as verification data, while the remaining 70 percent served as training data. Nutrient content values from reliable measuring instruments were incorporated into all datasets. Discriminant analysis was employed to classify the amount of NH4+ into five ranges based on the test results. When tested with soil samples, the accuracy was 66.13% compared to the reference value of a reliable measuring device. Similarly, NO3- was classified into four ranges with an accuracy of 81% com-pared to the reference value of a reliable measuring device.
Visions and Paradigms of Transport and Cities
Authors: Filippi Francesco
Published: March 2024

Cars are a highly inefficient mode of urban transport with significant negative impacts. Electric
vehicles make it possible to eliminate direct CO2 emissions (though the total over a vehicle’s
entire life cycle greatly offsets the advantages) but leave unchanged – or even aggravate – all
the other negative effects on the quality of urban environments. Three visions for urban
transport were presented: automobility, multimodality and accessibility. The first dominates
North American cities, the second European one. The anomalies of these two visions have been
examined. The automobility cities cannot manage the congestion and the attempts are self-
defeating. The anomalies of multimodality city are related to the public space consumption for
mobility and the impossibility to plan spatial proximity. The sustainable vision, that resolve the
anomalies, is represented by the accessibility city in the Triple Access System (TAS) version
which, however, still has a long way to go to be accepted and implemented.
Another Trial of a Solar-Powered, Cooperative Sensor/Actuator, Opto-Acoustical, Virtual Road-Fence to Mitigate Roadkill in Tasmania, Australia
Authors: Candy Steven Gregory , Bunker James A , Englefield Bruce
Published: March 2024

When wildlife and motor vehicles collide, the result for the animals is often death (roadkill). A commercial roadkill Virtual Fence (VF) mitigation device (iPTE Traffic Solutions) was used in a field trial to test its effectiveness along a 4.9-km segment of road on Bruny Island, Tasmania. A total of 585 days of monitoring of roadkill by species was conducted, with six sections alternatively switched on or off, according to a variation of a Crossover and Multiple Before-After-Control-Impact (MBACI) experimental designs that divided monitoring into “off-on” then “on-off” blocks of periods with each “on” period followed by a 16 d “wash-out” period. For the six sections over the four periods that exclude wash-outs, the 24 aggregated values of daily counts of roadkill of Tasmanian pademelons (Thylogale billardierii), that gave a total count of 222, were modelled. Other species were killed in insufficient numbers for analysis to be informative. The statistical analysis exploited the MBACI design to estimate the VF effect using a log-odds ratio parameter (LORP) while accounting for local spatio-temporal effects. Both versions of the analysis, either averaging over the three spatial replicates (paired sections) or two temporal replicates (blocks) gave no statistically significant effect of the VF judged as a LORP estimate not sufficiently below zero. Corresponding percentage reduction estimates of 9% and 16% were derived from the LORP estimates and given parameter uncertainty estimates the power to detect as significant a LORP corresponding to a 50% reduction in rate were 0.5 and 0.6, respectively. This study confirms results from a similar field trial carried out in 2018 also in southern Tasmania and adds to the evidence that this VF is likely to give if anything only a minor reduction in roadkill for a commonly killed species for which researchers have the best chance of detecting any practically useful reduction.
The Intricacies of Renal Phosphate Reabsorption—An Overview
Authors: Walker Valerie
Published: March 2024

To maintain an optimal body content of phosphorus throughout postnatal life, variable phosphate absorption from food must be finely matched with urinary excretion. This amazing feat is accomplished through synchronised phosphate transport by myriads of ciliated cells lining the renal proximal tubules. These respond in real time to changes in the phosphate and composition of the renal filtrate, and to hormonal instructions. How they do this has stimulated decades of research. New analytical techniques, coupled with incredible advances in computer technology, have opened new avenues for investigation at a sub-cellular level. There has been a surge of research into different aspects of the process. These have verified long held beliefs and are also dramatically extending our vision of the intense, integrated, intracellular activity which mediates phosphate absorption. Already, some have indicated new approaches for pharmacological intervention to regulate phosphate in common conditions, including chronic renal failure and osteoporosis, as well as rare inherited biochemical disorders. It is a rapidly evolving field. The aim here is to provide an overview of our current knowledge, to show where it is leading, and where there are uncertainties. Hopefully this will raise questions and stimulate new ideas for further research.
Functional Integrity of Radical SAM Enzyme Dph1•Dph2 Requires Non-canonical Cofactor Motifs with Tandem Cysteines
Authors: Ütkür Koray , Mayer Klaus , Liu Shihui , Brinkmann Ulrich , Schaffrath Raffael
Published: March 2024

The Dph1•Dph2 heterodimer from yeast is a radical SAM (RS) enzyme that generates the 3-amino-3-carboxy-propyl (ACP) precursor for diphthamide, a clinically relevant modification on eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2). ACP formation requires SAM cleavage and atypical Cys-bound Fe-S clusters in each Dph1 and Dph2 subunit. Intriguingly, the first Cys residue in each motif locates next to another, ill-defined cysteine that we show in-here is conserved across eukaryotes. As judged from structural modeling, the orientation of these tandem cysteine motifs (TCM) suggests a candidate Fe-S cluster ligand role. Hence, we generated by site-directed DPH1 and DPH2 mutagenesis, Dph1•Dph2 variants with cysteines from each TCM replaced individually or in combination by serines. Assays diagnostic for diphthamide formation in vivo reveal that while single substitutions in the TCM of Dph2 cause mild defects, double mutations almost entirely inactivate the RS enzyme. Based on enhanced Dph1 and Dph2 subunit instability in response to cycloheximide chases, the variants with Cys substitutions in their cofactor motifs are particularly prone to protein degradation. In sum, we identify a fourth functionally cooperative Cys residue within the Fe-S motif of Dph2 and show that the Cys-based cofactor binding motifs in Dph1 and Dph2 are critical for the structural integrity of the dimeric RS enzyme in vivo.
The Impact of Value Creation (Tobin’s Q), Total Shareholder Return (TSR), and Survival (Altman’s Z) on Credit Ratings
Authors: Oliveira Nazario Augusto , Basso Leonardo Fernando Cruz
Published: March 2024

The research explores the impact of financial indicators on the credit ratings of companies listed on the S&P 500, employing a Sys-GMM Model to address endogeneity concerns. The study investigated three independent variables categorized as market and survival factors alongside with seven control variables sourced from leverage, liquidity, interest coverage, profitability, market, survival, and macroeconomic domains. The sample comprised 2398 observations from Capital IQ Pro, spanning nine years (2013 to 2021) and encompassing 240 public companies. The findings suggest that neither Tobin's Q (TQ) and Total Shareholder Return (TSR) lack significant correlations with credit ratings, implying that stock market performance and total shareholder return do not directly impact credit ratings. In contrast, the Altman Z-score (AZS) emerged as a significant predictor, indicating its importance in assessing credit risk. These insights enhance understanding of financial indicators' impact on credit ratings, aiding financial institutions and companies in prudent lending and financing decisions.
Highly-Sensitive Measure of Complexity Captures Boolean Networks Regimes and Temporal Order More Optimally
Authors: Luevano Manuel de J. , Puga Alejandro
Published: March 2024

In this work, several random Boolean networks (RBN) are generated and analyzed from two characteristics: their time evolution diagram and their transition diagram. To do this, its randomness is estimated using three metrics, of which algorithmic complexity is the only one capable of revealing both transitions towards the chaotic regime and the algorithmic contribution of certain states to the transition diagram and their relationship with the order they occupy in the temporal evolution of the respective RBN.