bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Percepción de la Calidad de vida en Adultos Mayores que Asistieron al Hospital General de Iguala, Guerrero
Authors: Morales Iturio Alicia , Romero de la O. Alfonso
Published: March 2024

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo describir las manifestaciones de la percepción de la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores que asistieron al Hospital General de Iguala, Guerrero. La investigación siguió un diseño no experimental, de tipo descriptivo y de corte transversal. El tipo de muestra fue intencional no probabilística y por conveniencia, compuesta por un total de 35 adultos mayores en el rango de edad de 70 a 80 años, que estuvieron hospitalizados o bien asistieron al servicio de Consulta externa. Se utilizó el instrumento de WHOQOL-BREF, para la recolección de datos. Los resultados revelaron que la percepción de la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores que asistieron al Hospital General de Iguala, Guerreo, se relaciona directamente con su situación de salud, condiciones del entorno, medio ambiente, vínculo familiar y estado anímico; así como un importante sesgo de género que denota las diferencias socioculturales en la conformación de una representación relacionada con la calidad de vida para estas personas. Se evidenció como conclusión la necesidad de arribar a un proceso educativo comunitario de mayor impacto, que propicie mayores índices de bienestar y salud en esta población en particular.
NGDEEP Epoch 1: Spatially Resolved Hα Observations of Disk and Bulge Growth in Star-forming Galaxies at z ∼ 0.6–2.2 from JWST NIRISS Slitless Spectroscopy
Authors: Shen Lu , Papovich Casey , Matharu Jasleen , Pirzkal Nor , Hu Weida , Backhaus Bren E. , Bagley Micaela B. , Cheng Yingjie , Cleri Nikko J. , Finkelstein Steven L. , Huertas-Company Marc , Giavalisco Mauro , Grogin Norman A. , Jung Intae , Kartaltepe Jeyhan S. , Koekemoer Anton M. , Lotz Jennifer M. , Maseda Michael V. , Pérez-González Pablo G. , Rothberg Barry , Simons Raymond C. , Tacchella Sandro , Williams Christina C. , Yung L. Y. Aaron
Published: March 2024

We study the Hα equivalent width (EW(Hα)) maps of 19 galaxies at 0.6 < z < 2.2 in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field using NIRISS slitless spectroscopy as part of the Next Generation Deep Extragalactic Exploratory Public Survey. Our galaxies mostly lie on the star formation main sequence with stellar masses between 109 and 1011
M
⊙, characterized as “typical” star-forming galaxies at these redshifts. Leveraging deep Hubble Space Telescope and JWST images, spanning 0.4–4.8 μm, we perform spatially resolved fitting of the spectral energy distributions for these galaxies and construct specific star formation rate (sSFR) and stellar-mass-weighted age maps with a spatial resolution of ∼1 kpc. The pixel-to-pixel EW(Hα) increases with increasing sSFR and with decreasing age. The average trends are slightly different from the relations derived from integrated fluxes of galaxies from the literature, suggesting complex evolutionary trends within galaxies. We quantify the radial profiles of EW(Hα), sSFR, and age. The majority (84%) of galaxies show positive EW(Hα) gradients, in line with the inside-out quenching scenario. A few galaxies (16%) show inverse (and flat) EW(Hα) gradients, possibly due to merging or starbursts. We compare the distributions of EW(Hα) and sSFR to star formation history (SFH) models as a function of galactocentric radius. We argue that the central regions of galaxies have experienced at least one rapid star formation episode, which leads to the formation of the bulge, while their outer regions (e.g., disks) grow via more smoothly varying SFHs. These results demonstrate the ability to study resolved star formation in distant galaxies with JWST NIRISS.
A Constrained Dust Opacity for Models of Dense Clouds and Protostellar Envelopes
Authors: Pontoppidan Klaus M. , Evans Neal , Bergner Jennifer , Yang Yao-Lun
Published: March 2024

Radiative transfer models of dense clouds and protostellar envelopes rely on the availability of appropriate dust opacities, particularly as new JWST data become available. We present the model opacity known as KP5, which fits the (1–1000 μm) extinction curve measured for icy dust in dense molecular clouds by Spitzer and JCMT, and has been used by the community since 2009, but not previously published. The opacity law (absorption, scattering, and Henyey–Greenstein asymmetry parameter) includes H2O, CO, and CO2 ices, and has been shown to be well suited for models of embedded protostars.
Dynamic Secondary Illumination in Permanent Shadows within Artemis III Candidate Landing Regions
Authors: Mahanti Prasun , Williams Jean-Pierre , Robinson Mark S. , Wagner Robert , Mazarico Erwan , Henriksen Megan , Brown Holly , Kumari Nandita
Published: March 2024

Investigations that can be conducted at the Artemis III candidate landing regions will benefit from the knowledge of the thermal environment within permanently shadowed regions (PSRs). Within PSRs, secondary illumination controls the surface temperature, varying diurnally and seasonally, affecting the stability and concentration of volatiles cold-trapped within the PSRs. In this case study, we characterize the dynamic nature of secondary illumination at four PSRs that overlap five of the Artemis III candidate landing regions. Our analysis is based on secondary illumination model-generated images paired with PSR images acquired by ShadowCam on board the Korean Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter. We find that illumination and thermal conditions can change rapidly within the PSRs, and knowledge of time-variable secondary illumination can be decisive for the efficient design of investigations and sample collection operations at the PSRs.
On the Fate of Slow Boulders Ejected after DART Impact on Dimorphos
Authors: Moreno Fernando , Tancredi Gonzalo , Campo Bagatin Adriano
Published: March 2024

On 2022 September 26 23:14 UT, the NASA Double Asteroid Redirection Test spacecraft successfully impacted Dimorphos, the secondary component of the binary (65803) Didymos system, demonstrating asteroid orbit deflection for the first time. A large amount of debris, consisting of a wide size–frequency distribution of particulates (from micron-sized dust to meter-sized boulders), was released, and a long-lasting tail has been observed over more than 9 months since impact. An important fraction of the ejecta mass has been ejected as individual meter-sized boulders, as have been found in images obtained by the Light Italian CubeSat for Imaging of Asteroid (LICIACube), as well as from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). While the boulders observed by LICIACube had projected speeds of several tens of m s–1, those seen by the HST were about 100 times slower. In this paper, we analyze the long-term orbital evolution of those slow boulders using different dynamical codes, providing constraints on the fate of such large particles, and giving insight on the possibility of observing some of those boulders that might remain in orbit at the time of the ESA/Hera mission arrival to the binary system in late 2026.
Deux années qui n’auraient jamais dû être
Authors: Tenzer Nicolas
Published: March 2024

La guerre imposée par la Russie à l’Ukraine est une violation permanente du droit international. Or, l’effort fourni par les alliés à Kyiv reste insuffisant pour lui permettre de renverser le rapport de force. Le risque est donc de laisser Moscou imposer sa stratégie du fait accompli et d’être complaisant envers un régime totalitaire.
Safety and efficacy of carbamazepine in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia: A metanalysis in biomedicine
Authors: Guo M. , Shen W. , Zhou M. , Song Y. , Liu J. , Xiong W. , Gao Y.
Published: March 2024

Trigeminal neuralgia is a debilitating condition characterized by severe facial pain. Carbamazepine has been widely used as a first-line treatment option for trigeminal neuralgia, but there is a need to evaluate its safety and efficacy based on existing evidence. This meta-analysis aims to systematically assess the available literature and provide a comprehensive evaluation of the safety and efficacy of carbamazepine in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. A thorough search of electronic databases yielded a total of 15 relevant studies that met the inclusion criteria. The pooled analysis of these studies revealed that carbamazepine demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing pain intensity and frequency in patients with trigeminal neuralgia. Moreover, the drug was generally well-tolerated, with the most common adverse events being mild and transient. Subgroup analyses based on different dosages and treatment durations further supported the overall findings. However, caution should be exercised in patients with certain comorbidities or specific populations, as some rare but severe adverse events were reported. In conclusion, this meta-analysis provides strong evidence supporting the safety and efficacy of carbamazepine as a valuable therapeutic option for the management of trigeminal neuralgia. These results can guide clinicians in making informed decisions regarding the use of carbamazepine and contribute to optimizing treatment strategies for patients with trigeminal neuralgia. Further research is warranted to explore long-term safety and efficacy outcomes, as well as to compare carbamazepine with alternative treatment modalities.
Decadal trend analysis and epidemiological pattern of animal bite cases in a tertiary care hospital of North India
Authors: Rani Babita , Jha Sanjay Kumar , Punia Anita , Singh Sanjeet , Mehta Mansi , Kumari Alka
Published: March 2024

Background:

Animal bites to humans are a public health problem, posing a potential threat of rabies to over 3.3 billion people worldwide. Knowledge regarding various epidemiological aspects of animal bite cases will be helpful to achieve the target of rabies elimination. In this regard, this study aimed to determine the trend and epidemiology of animal bite cases in a tertiary care hospital of North India.

Materials and Methods:

The secondary data analysis of records was conducted in Antirabies Clinic of BPS Government Medical College for Women Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat. Nearly all the facilities for animal bite management are available in this antirabies clinic hence a reasonable coverage is expected. The data of cases reported in 10 years (January 2012 to December 2021) were analyzed after seeking necessary permission from the authorities.

Results:

A total of 35,427 new cases of animal bite were reported in the decade. After interpretation of data from 2012 to 2021, the frequency of cases showed a rising trend from the year 2012, with the highest number of cases in the year 2019, while animal bite cases were maximum in month of March followed by February. There were almost two-third number of cases in males as compared to one-third females, with highest number of cases being in rural area.

Conclusion:

Animal bite cases are rising over the years. Most of the animal bite cases occurred during the start of the spring season, commonly occurred in children and males. We need to increase the frequency of information, education, and communication activities to properly handle animal bite so that rabies can be prevented and the target of rabies elimination by 2030 can be achieved.
Drug-induced Stevens–Johnson syndrome in Post traumatic facial injury
Authors: Samar Asfiya , Sahana GN , Deepak P , Nagaral Jayashree V , Saranyaa M
Published: March 2024

Stevens–Johnson syndrome is a severe adverse drug reaction affecting the skin and mucous membrane. The causes include Sulfonamides, Anticonvulsants, etc. A patient developed ulcerations in the lips and oral cavity with difficulty in swallowing and rashes over the back, abdomen, and genitalia following administration of injection ceftriaxone 1 g intravenous (IV) b.i.d, injection pantoprazole 40 mg IV b.i.d, tablet aceclofenac + paracetamol 325 mg b.i.d, tablet cetirizine 10 mg b.i.d, chlorhexidine mouth wash, and injection metronidazole 500 mg IV t.i.d for the treatment of traumatic facial injury after 4 days of treatment. Injection ceftriaxone and tablet aceclofenac + paracetamol were suspected as the cause of this reaction. The two drugs were stopped. The patient was treated with corticosteroids, other antimicrobials, and oral topical anesthetics. Health-care providers should be careful about the possible adverse drug reactions even to commonly used drugs.
A Prospective Study to Compare the Effects of Preemptive Piroxicam and Oral Dexamethasone on Edema, Trismus and Pain in Third Molar Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sharma Prashasti , Shettar Vijaylaxmi , Tiwary Divyank
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

Surgical extraction of impacted third molars is an increasingly common procedure but is associated with postoperative sequelae such as pain, swelling, and trismus. This study aims to compare the effects of preemptive piroxicam and oral dexamethasone on pain, swelling and trismus following third molar surgery.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective randomized study consisting of 31 patients requiring lower third molar surgery were selected. They were randomly allocated to two treatment groups, oral dexamethasone (8 mg) and oral piroxicam (20 mg). The overall analgesic efficacy and anti-inflammatory effect of the two drugs were assessed postoperatively after 24, 48, 72 h, and on day 7 for pain, swelling, and trismus.

Results:

The difference in the mean scores of piroxicam group and dexamethasone group was statistically significant with the dexamethasone group showing better analgesia at the end of 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h done using Mann–Whitney U test. The swelling was compared between the two groups using an independent t-test. These results were statistically significant and dexamethasone was more effective at return to normal preoperative measurements 1-week postsurgery. When the mouth opening at day 7 was compared with the preoperative values, subjects in the piroxicam group showed a decrease of 0.18 ± 0.13, and those in the dexamethasone group showed a decrease of 0.05 ± 0.13 showing that dexamethasone group was significantly closer to returning to normal mouth opening at the end of 1 week post-surgery using independent t-test.

Conclusion:

We can conclude that the use of 8 mg oral dexamethasone 1 h preoperatively leads to a more comfortable and pain-free period for patients who undergo wisdom teeth removal, within its limitations.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children with Autism and Their Caregivers: Findings from an Online Survey
Authors: Malhi Prahbhjot , Saini Arushi Gahlot
Published: March 2024

Background:

The coronavirus pandemic has had an unparalleled impact on the social, economic, physical, and subjective well-being of individuals in general, and children with special needs and their families in particular.

Objectives:

The objective is to examine the emotional and behavioral impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children with autism and their families.

Methodology:

The study utilized an online Google Form and elicited information on sociodemographic background, types of therapies utilized before the pandemic, services available during the pandemic, utilization of services, satisfaction, challenges faced in management, perceived stress, and behavioral and emotional functioning of children during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Parenting stress was measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PPS) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) measured the emotional and behavioral functioning of autism spectrum disorders children.

Results:

A total of 62 caregivers responded to the survey. The COVID-19 restrictions were found to have significantly limited access to face-to-face educational and therapeutic services for the majority of the patients and only 17.7% reported receiving health-care services. Among the families that utilized the online intervention services, only 36.4% were satisfied and the satisfaction among families utilizing virtual educational services (43.5%) was even lower (14.5%). The stepwise multivariate regression analysis indicated that 16.1% of the variance in the total SDQ score of the child was accounted for by the PPS score (F = 11.47, P = 0.001).

Conclusions:

The worsening of challenging behaviors during COVID-19 underscores the need to intervene early and to expand the outreach of empirically supported telehealth interventions, especially among the underserved communities.
The Relationship Between Self Management and Academic Stress of Bachelor Students Faculty of Psychology
Authors: Santoso Shella Monica , Prapunoto Susana
Published: March 2024

Objective: This research aims to determine the correlation between self-management and academic stress among undergraduate students of the Faculty of Psychology at Satya Wacana Christian University. Method: The method used in this research is a quantitative method with a correlational design. The population in this study consists of 1238 active undergraduate students of the Faculty of Psychology at Satya Wacana Christian University. Meanwhile, 147 active undergraduate students of the Faculty of Psychology at Satya Wacana Christian University were used as research participants. The sampling technique employed is simple random sampling. Result: The research findings indicate a relationship between self-management and academic stress among undergraduate students of the Faculty of Psychology at SWCU. This suggests that high self-management among students is associated with low academic stress experienced by students of the Faculty of Psychology at SWCU. Conversely, low self-management among students is also associated with high academic stress experienced by students of the Faculty of Psychology at SWCU. Novelty: This research was selected because of its high relevance for psychology scholars. Understanding and maintaining mental health is crucial for them so that in the future, they can effectively assist others and optimize the psychological knowledge acquired during their studies.
A psicometria moderna como viés para reflexões do ensino em Ciências da Natureza
Authors: Carvalho Vinícius da Silva , Afonso Andréia Francisco
Published: March 2024

As avaliações em grandes escalas no contexto educacional têm como um dos principais objetivos investigar o desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências do estudante por meio de itens. O teste contínuo e consolidado na educação brasileira, empenhado em avaliar como estudantes concluintes do Ensino Médio, as mobilizam em situações-problema é o Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio. Porém, esta é uma prática pouco explorada por profissionais da educação. Desse modo, o presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar informações que podem ser obtidas a partir dos atributos psicométricos de um item de Ciências da Natureza do referido Exame, aplicados no ano de 2017. Para tanto, utilizamos o método da triangulação para confrontar os dados da base de microdados referentes aos itens com sua respectiva análise pedagógica. Por fim, concluímos que a leitura pedagógica, a partir de dados psicométricos, sugere ao professor e ao gestor, suporte para reflexões sobre o ensino ao indicar a dificuldade dos estudantes, além de subsidiar apoio para pesquisas futuras que visem conhecer a aprendizagem em Química dos estudantes e assim, propor ações para melhorias no processo educacional.
Public Service Innovation at Tomohon City Population and Civil Registration Office
Authors: Posuma Sweetly N. , Tumbel Goinpeace H. , Tarore Steven
Published: March 2024

This research aims to analyze: Public Service Innovations at the Tomohon City Population and Civil Registration Service. This research approach uses a descriptive qualitative approach, with 10 predetermined informants using data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews, and documentation with data analysis techniques through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing verification conclusions. The results of this research show that the Public Service Innovation, namely the Tomohon HEBAT Population Administration Online Service System (SLOATH) at the Tomohon City Population and Civil Registration Service, is quite good as seen from the 5 (five) characteristics/aspects of innovation which are the sub-focus of this research, namely Relatif Advantage, Compatibility, Complexity, Triability, and Observability. It's just that regarding the timeliness of employee responses to the process of using applications from the community which is not yet very responsive, the lack of human resources and infrastructure provided by the Department is quite an obstacle in implementing this innovation, so this innovation cannot be said to be effective and efficient in providing services to the community. Suggestions that can be given should be from the government, in this case the Department of Education and Civil Registration, to add human resources and infrastructure so that in serving the community there will no longer be delays that make the community wait to get a response when using the application.
Performance of General Bureau Civil Servants in The Regional Secretariat of North Sulawesi Province
Authors: Astron Edwin , Kandouw Selpius , Mamonto Fitri H.
Published: March 2024

The aim of this research is to describe, interpret and analyze the performance of Civil Servants (PNS) in the Administration Sub-Section for Leadership and Expert Staff of the General Bureau of the Regional Secretariat of North Sulawesi Province seen from the aspects of Employee Performance Targets (SKP), Discipline and the application of Civil Service principles State (ASN) "BerAKHLAK" (Service Oriented, Responsible, Competent, Harmonious, Loyal, Adaptive and Collaborative). The research method applied is a descriptive qualitative approach using observation, interview, and document analysis techniques. The research results revealed a performance gap among civil servants, where some succeeded in achieving satisfactory results while others did not meet expectations. Factors such as effective training, motivation, conducive work environment, and reward and punishment systems were identified as important determinants in achieving optimal performance. The obstacles faced involve the quality and quantity of Human Resources (HR), with uncertainty that all civil servant members can contribute collectively. Therefore, a more thorough and objective performance measurement approach is needed. This research suggests an increase in the implementation of intensive training, improvements in the motivation system through structured rewards, evaluation of work environment conditions, as well as collaborative efforts with external parties to enrich technological understanding and skills.
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy and Its Future in Immunotherapy-Based Treatment
Authors: Kondaparthi Nitya
Published: March 2024

In the annals of medical history, few conditions have captured the world's attention and spurred a race for effective treatments quite like Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE). Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a condition rarely studied and is quite a serious neurological disorder that is progressively debilitating. However, the reason why chronic traumatic encephalopathy is rarely studied is because only repeated concussions or traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) can cause CTE. As it so happens to be, many athletes who play close contact sports such as football, hockey, and rugby are at the most risk of developing this disorder. Although there is no definitive way to diagnose CTE during life (it can only be categorized as “probable” CTE), and can only be confirmed postmortem, scientists have identified the criteria and specific potential brain and blood biomarkers associated with CTE such as total tau (t-Tau), phosphorylated tau (p-Tau), neurofilament light chains(NfL), and amyloid-beta (Aβ), etc. These biomarkers could potentially help diagnose CTE while the individual who is suspected to have the disease is living. Furthermore, scientists have been researching immunotherapy, a new potential treatment for CTE. Throughout the following sections, this research article will navigate CTE and its clinical manifestations, pathology, and its implications on individuals and society. Subsequently, this article will discuss immunotherapy, uncovering the fundamental principles that underlie this approach, while highlighting its success in revolutionizing medical treatments for cancer, and the possibility of its future in treating chronic traumatic encephalopathy.
The Application of CNN-Based Image Classification To Wildfire Early Detection
Authors: Huang Yanming , Renaud Alfred
Published: March 2024

Wildfires have become increasingly common and devastating in recent years, yet many regions still rely on traditional methods of using human spotters atop lookout towers to detect fires. These methods are slow and inefficient, and as fires become more frequent demand for new detection methods has grown along with it. This study aims to utilize artificial intelligence along with stationary camera systems to perform early detection of wildfires. An open-source dataset of 1900 wildfire pictures was obtained and processed, and a convolutional neural network model was trained on the dataset. The final model achieved an accuracy of 95.59% on the validation dataset after being trained for 37 epochs.
Augmented Reality Based Tajwid Reading Law Android Application
Authors: Premana Agyztia
Published: March 2024

The learning method used in learning the subjects of the Qur'an and Hadith in Schools is a common teaching method, which uses books as a source of knowledge and teachers as teachers. In this problem, the author uses a learning method using Augmented Reality (AR) as the basic law of reading aloud so that students don't get bored. Augmented Reality (AR) is a combination of real and virtual objects displayed simultaneously on a screen. Augmented Reality is created with Unity 3D, Vuforia and Android software. The application of new learning methods should increase students' interest in serious and straightforward learning. This research aims to build a recitation science learning application for children 5-10 years old using an Android-based device "so that with this application it is hoped that it will have an attractive design, as well as complete features and have materials and examples of legal reading and pronunciation." easy for children to understand and can make children understand the science of recitation from a young age. The results of this research are applications for learning the science of Tajweed for children 5-10 years old which can display the hijaiyah letters accompanied by their pronunciation and how to pronounce them, the laws of the science of Tajweed which consist of the law of nun mati/tanwin, qalqalah and the law of mad, games as material for evaluating children. The Tajwid science learning application succeeded in increasing children's understanding of Tajweed science by 57.9%. Application feasibility testing uses white box and black box methods with several test requirements. Based on the test results, functionally the application is appropriate, feasible, and can be used as a learning medium for Tajwid science and is in the "Very Good" category.
ANALISIS LAJU TIMBULAN SAMPAH KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Ermayendri Defi , Mualim Mualim
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang : Tibulan sampah kota semakin menjadi perhatian di seluruh dunia, seiring dengan peningkatan populasi perkotaan, perubahan gaya hidup dan pola konsumsi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui besarnya timbulan sampah di Kota Bengkulu.

Metode penelitian ini menggunakan SNI 19-3964-1994 tentang metode pengumpulan dan pengukuran sampel timbulan dan komposisi sampah perkotaan.

Metode : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata timbulan sampah perumahan di Kota Bengkulu sebesar 2,13 ltr/o/jam atau 0,64 kg/atau/jam dan rata-rata timbulan sampah di Kota Bengkulu sebesar 2,84 ltr/o/jam atau 0,85 kg /atau/ jam. terjadi peningkatan berat sampah yang dihasilkan sebesar 0,05 kg/atau/jam.

Hasil : Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai data awal dalam perencanaan pengelolaan sampah Kota Bengkulu di masa depan.

Kata Kunci: Timbulan, Komposisi Sampah

 

ABSTRACT

Background : Municipal waste generation is increasingly becoming a concern throughout the world, along with the increase in urban population, changes in lifestyle and consumption patterns. The aim of this research is to determine the magnitude of waste generation in Kota Bengkulu.

Methods : This research method uses SNI 19-3964-1994 concerning methods for collecting and measuring samples of urban waste generation and composition.

Results : The results of the research showed that the average residential waste generation in Kota Bengkulu was 2.13 ltr/o/hour or 0.64 kg/or/hour and the average waste generation in Kota Bengkulu was 2.84 ltr/o/hour or 0.85 kg /or/hour. there was an increase in the weight of waste generated by 0.05 kg/or/hour.

Results : The results of this research can be used as initial data in future waste management planning for Bengkulu City.

Keywords: Generation, Waste Composition
PROFIL KADAR CD4 PASIEN HIV KOINFEKSI TB PARU DI UNIT PERAWATAN INTERMEDIET PENYAKIT INFEKSI (UPIPI) RSUD DR. SOETOMO PERIODE JANUARI – DESEMBER 2019
Authors: Pranaya Azhraa Qinan , Hasan Helmia , Bramantono Bramantono
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang : CD4 adalah komponen sistem imun manusia yang berperan sebagai pelindung dari infeksi yang menyerang tubuh. Menurut beberapa penelitian, pasien HIV/ AIDS yang memiliki kadar CD4 yang rendah dapat menaikkan risiko terkena koinfeksi penyakit menular, salah satunya yaitu; Tuberkulosis Paru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengetahui gambaran kadar CD4 pasien HIV koinfeksi TB Paru di Unit Perawatan Intermediet Penyakit Infeksi (UPIPI) RSUD Dr. Soetomo periode Januari – Desember  2019.

Metode : Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif retrospektif yang menggunakan rekam medik pasien. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik sampling purposive non probability dengan metode pengambilan total sampling. Variabel yang diamati antara lain; usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan terakhir, status pekerjaan, status perkawinan, faktor risiko penularan dan kadar CD4 pasien.

Hasil : Pada penelitian ini, dari 45 subyek pasien HIV- TB Paru, terdapat 33 pasien subyek yang ter- inklusi. Dari 33 subyek tersebut, didapatkan kelompok usia didominasi oleh kelompok usia 26 – 35 (36,36%) dan jenis kelamin terbanyak didominasi oleh laki – laki (66,67%). Lalu, untuk tingkat akhir pendidikan pasien yaitu didominasi oleh kelompok dengan tingkat pendidikan akademi/ Perguruan Tinggi (PT) (36,37%). Untuk status pekerjaan pasien didominasi oleh kelompok dengan status bekerja (72,72%). Kadar CD4 pasien yang paling banyak dialami oleh subyek yaitu kelompok pasien < 200 sel/ µmL dengan persentase 87,88%.

Simpulan : Kadar CD4 pasien yang paling banyak dialami oleh subyek yaitu kelompok pasien < 200 sel/ µmL dengan persentase 87,88%.

Kata Kunci : HIV, Lung TB, CD4
Cloud et Edge Networking dans l’IoT
Authors: HADDADOU Kamel , PUJOLLE Guy
Published: March 2024

Ce chapitre s’intéresse à l’Edge et au Cloud Networking dans l’Internet des objets. Il décrit les solutions à la fois réseau et traitement provenant des réseaux longue portée puis des réseaux personnels, des réseaux locaux, en particulier avec la nouvelle génération Halow de réseau Wi-Fi pour les objets et enfin, les solutions provenant des opérateurs de télécommunications.
Le futur du Cloud et de l’Edge Networking
Authors: HADDADOU Kamel , PUJOLLE Guy
Published: March 2024

Ce chapitre forme la conclusion de ce livre avec une vision sur le futur de l’Edge et du Cloud Networking. On y trouve les visions du Cloud Continuum avec des centres de données allant vers l’infiniment petit et son introduction comme base de la 6G.
Écueils catégoriels pour l’analyse de la mobilité urbaine
Authors: COMMENGES Hadrien , LE NÉCHET Florent
Published: March 2024

Ce chapitre, d’ordre méthodologique, aborde les questions de diversité des données liées à la mobilité quotidienne et de délimitation du périmètre urbain avant d’adresser les catégories d’analyse mobilisées dans tout travail de monographie ou de comparaison interurbaine des pratiques de mobilité. Il discute des écueils catégoriels, soulevant la difficulté de concilier diversité et comparabilité des données.
Optimal estimation of cloud properties from thermal infrared observations with a combination of deep learning and radiative transfer simulation
Authors: Huang He , Wang Quan , Liu Chao , Zhou Chen
Published: March 2024

Abstract. While traditional thermal infrared retrieval algorithms based on radiative transfer models (RTM) could not effectively retrieve the cloud optical thickness of thick clouds, machine learning based algorithms were found to be able to provide reasonable estimations for both daytime and nighttime. Nevertheless, stand-alone machine learning algorithms are occasionally criticized for the lack of explicit physical processes. In this study, RTM simulations and a machine learning algorithm are synergistically utilized using the optimal estimation (OE) method to retrieve cloud properties from thermal infrared radiometry measured by Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). In the new algorithm, retrievals from a machine learning algorithm are used to provide the priori state for OE method, and an RTM is used to create radiance lookup tables that are used in the iteration processes. Compared with stand-alone OE, the cloud properties retrieved by the new algorithm show an overall better performance by optimizing the initial values. Compared with stand-alone machine-learning based algorithm, the radiances simulated based on retrievals from the new method align more closely with observations, and physical radiative processes are handled explicitly in the new algorithm. Therefore, the new method combines the advantages of RTM-based cloud retrieval methods and machine-learning models. These findings highlight the potential for machine-learning-based algorithms to enhance the efficacy of conventional remote sensing techniques.
The variations of VOCs based on the policy change of Omicron in polluted winter in traffic-hub city, China
Authors: Zhang Bowen , Zhang Dong , Dong Zhe , Song Xinshuai , Zhang Ruiqin , Li Xiao
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Online volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were continuous monitored before and after the Omicron policy change at an urban site in polluted Zhengzhou from December 1, 2022, to January 31, 2023. The characteristics and sources of VOCs were explored. The daily average concentration of PM2.5 and total VOCs (TVOCs) ranged from 54 to 239 µg/m3 and from 15.6 to 57.1 ppbv with an average value of 112 ± 45 µg/m3 and 36.1 ± 21.0 ppbv, respectively during the entire period. The values of PM2.5 and TVOCs in Case 3 (pollution episode after the abolishment of “Nucleic Acid Screening Measures for all staff” policy) were 1.3 and 1.8 times of the values in the Case 1 (pollution episode during “Nucleic Acid Screening Measures for all staff” policy). The concentration of TVOCs in Case 1 and Case 3 were 48.4 ± 20.4 and 67.6 ± 19.6 ppbv, respectively, increased by 63 % and 188 % compared with values during clean days. Alkanes were found to be the most abundant compounds during the entire period. Equivalent volume contribution of halogenated hydrocarbon and oxygenated VOCs (15 %) were found the most in Case 3, followed by alkenes (10 %). Though the volume contributions of aromatics were the lowest (6 % in Case 1 and 7 % in Case 3), the highest increasing ratio was found from clean days to polluted episodes. Positive Matrix Factor model results showed that the main source of VOCs during the observation period was industrial emissions, which accounted for 30 % of the TVOCs, followed by vehicular emission (24 %) and combustion (23 %). The vehicular emission became the largest source during Case 1 (40 %) and Case 3 (29 %), consisting of large numbers of people going out after the blockade. Secondary organic aerosol formation potential (SOAFP) values were 37 and 109 µg/m3, respectively with the highest SOAFP contribution (17–19 μg/m3 and 31–51 %) from vehicular emission both in Case 1 and Case 3. Solvent usage sources had the second highest SOAFP value (9 and 16 μg/m3) with the contributions of 23 and 31 % in Case 1 and Case 3 respectively. The control of vehicular emission, and solvent usage should be focused in Zhengzhou, and combustion was also important for the control of PM2.5 pollution in winter.
Ozone anomalies over polar regions during the stratospheric warming events
Authors: Shi Guochun , Krochin Witali , Sauvageat Eric , Stober Gunter
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The impact of major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events and early final stratospheric warming (FSW) events on ozone variations in the middle atmosphere in the Arctic is investigated by performing microwave radiometer measurements above Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79° N, 12° E) with GROMOS-C. The retrieved daily ozone profiles during SSW and FSW events in the stratosphere and lower mesosphere at 20–70 km from microwave observations are cross-compared to MERRA-2 and MLS. The vertically resolved structure of polar ozone anomalies relative to the climatologies derived from GROMOS-C, MERRA-2, and MLS shed light on the consistent pattern in the evolution of ozone anomalies during both types of events. For SSW events, ozone anomalies are positive throughout all altitudes within 30 days after the onset, followed by negative anomalies descending downward in the middle stratosphere. However, positive anomalies in the middle and lower stratosphere and negative in the upper stratosphere at onset are followed by negative anomalies with descending in the middle stratosphere and positive anomalies in the upper stratosphere during FSW events. We document the underlying dynamical and chemical mechanisms that are responsible for the observed ozone anomalies in the entire life cycle of SSW and FSW events. Polar ozone anomalies in the lower and middle stratosphere undergo a rapid and long-lasting increase of more than 1 ppmv close to SSW onset, which is attributed to the dynamical processes of the horizontal eddy effect and vertical advection. This response pattern for FSW events is associated with the combined effects of dynamical and chemical terms, which reflect the photochemical processes counteracted partially by positive horizontal eddy transport, in particular in the middle stratosphere. Here, we contrast results from MERRA-2 reanalysis and chemistry-climate models to quantify the impact of dynamical and chemical processes on ozone anomalies during SSW and FSW events. In addition, we find that the variability in polar total column ozone (TCO) is associated with horizontal eddy transport and vertical advection of ozone in the lower stratosphere. This study enhances our understanding of the mechanisms that control changes in polar ozone during the life cycle of SSW and FSW events, providing a new aspect to quantitative analysis of dynamical and chemical fields.
Application of a fault identification and fault sealing evaluation method in production and development stage in ZB area of Bohai Bay Basin
Authors: Cheng Changping , Zhang Xianguo
Published: March 2024

When the oilfield is in the middle and late stage of intensive waterflood development, waterflood development is likely to cause fault activation and bring about the development risk of injection-production contradiction in well groups and low injection-production correspondence rate. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and evaluate the fault sealing of low-grade faults. At present, the fault sealing is mostly high-grade faults in the exploration stage and mostly stays in the semi-quantitative evaluation method. Therefore, this paper provides a set of integrated thinking of fault interpretation and fault sealing quantitative evaluation in production and development stage. Firstly, the fault is delineated by well-seismic integrated method, and the possible fault breakpoint is identified from changes of strata thickness in the well. Secondly, high-frequency seismic data are obtained by frequency division, and faults are identified on the basis of fault breakpoint data by two-dimensional seismic section. Then, various three-dimensional seismic attributes such as ant tracking and variance (edge method) are extracted, and the combination of plane and section interpretation is used to strengthen fault characterization and recognition in three-dimensional space. The basic characteristics of faults are described well by the above methods. Then, the fault sealing property is qualitatively evaluated from the aspects of fault nature, fault inclination, fault distance and burial depth, and the conventional fault sealing property is quantitatively analyzed from shale gouge ratio method, lithologic juxtaposition method and the normal pressure on the fault plane from lateral and vertical aspects. Finally, the fuzzy comprehensive discrimination method is used to comprehensively evaluate the fault sealing property based on the above three parameters of the analysis results. The method is applied to ZB area with complex structure and developed fault, and the threshold of fault opening or sealing is determined by the comprehensive evaluation index of fault sealing in ZB area of Bohai Bay Basin. The results of low-grade fault sealing identified in the early stage are judged and applied to the development and production practice. The dynamic and static data such as tracer response relationship, injection-production response relationship and oil properties on both sides of the fault are used to verify the method. The results show that the method is in good agreement with the dynamic and static data .It is suitable for the fault sealing evaluation of  ZB area，and can better guide the later waterflood development, which is of great significance for the recovery of remaining oil .
 Deconstructing the role of hydrothermal alteration in 3D volcanic dome collapse in La Soufrière de Guadeloupe
Authors: Ní Nualláin Kendra , Harnett Claire
Published: March 2024

Volcanic domes are inherently unstable structures as they grow incrementally, with varied extrusion rates, material properties, and directions of flow. These instabilities can bring about volcanic dome collapse, leading to turbulent and hot avalanches of material that can devastate communities surrounding a volcano, as well as affecting the volcano’s eruptive dynamics.The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of hydrothermal alteration on dome stability, where hydrothermal alteration typically results in mechanical weakening of volcanic rock. To achieve this goal, it is important to understand the spatial distribution of alteration within a dome. The internal structure of the La Soufrière de Guadeloupe dome was mapped by Heap et al. (2021), whereby electrical conductivity surveys were carried out to obtain the rock porosity and therefore the density variation within the dome. The density contrasts were correlated with mechanical parameters (i.e., uniaxial compressive strength of volcanic rock) to obtain a 3D internal strength map of the volcano. We designed a novel methodology to input this geophysical data into a new 3D particle-based Discrete Element Method model. This involves creating a digital elevation model from satellite data and interpolating the geophysical data to assign strengths to each modelled particle.We show here the results of alteration scenario testing. This involves varying the degree of alteration-induced weakening, the spatial extent, and the size of alteration zones. This allows us to make predictions on potential for collapse and direction of material flow, quantify collapse volumes, and explore small-scale to large-scale failures. In particular, we investigate the effect of ongoing alteration of the La Soufrière de Guadeloupe dome. Observations show pervasive hydrothermal alteration, particularly in an area in the south of the dome known as the “bulge”. This represents a potential detachment plane and thus is a focus for our collapse models.Thus far, key findings from our investigations suggest that even near-surface alteration can cause deep-seated deformation. We also show varied weakening scenarios for a bulk rock strength of 10% and 50% of the original strength, with a focus on the southern flank of the dome. To date, no 3D dynamic models of stability exist and therefore these models are key to forecasting volcanic hazards as a result of hydrothermal alteration.
Non-stationary frequency analysis of extreme precipitation over Italy using projections from a Convection Permitting Model
Authors: Lompi Marco , Marra Francesco , Dallan Elenora , Deidda Roberto , Caporali Enrica , Borga Marco
Published: March 2024

Climate change is changing the intensity and frequency of extreme precipitation. Understanding the impact of climate change on extreme precipitation quantiles is fundamental for managing flood risk and taking adaptation measures. Convection-Permitting Models (CPM), run at spatial resolutions for which deep convection is resolved (≤ 4 km), have been demonstrated to be more accurate than Regional Climate Models (RCM, ~10 km resolution) in describing the intensity of extremely short-duration events.This study uses the projections of a CPM to evaluate quantiles of precipitation extremes at the national scale (Italy) with a high spatiotemporal resolution. Indeed, VHR-PRO_IT, a recent downscale product of the CMCC model at a convection-permitting scale of 2.2 km, with 1h temporal resolution, is used as a dataset. So far, this is the only CPM projection that covers the entire Italy in both emission scenarios (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) and for a temporal coverage of 90 years (1981-2070).A non-stationary implementation of the Simplified Metastatistical Extreme Value (SMEV) non-asymptotic approach is used to evaluate continuous changes in precipitation quantiles for different durations (1h, 3h, 6h, 12h and 24h) over the period 1981-2070 (1981-2005 historical + 2006-2070 emission scenarios). We adopt a two-parameter Weibull distribution to model the marginal distribution of the ordinary precipitation events. Three different models are compared: i) a stationary SMEV, with the two parameters constant over the entire time series; ii) a non-stationary model in which the higher-order parameter is kept constant; iii) a fully non-stationary model in which both parameters are allowed to change linearly in time.The results show a clear geographical organization of the projected changes, with both increases and decreases in precipitation quantiles depending on the zone, the emission scenario, the precipitation duration and the return period of interest. The non-asymptotic approach allows us to discuss the results in terms of dynamic and thermodynamic drivers. The research is carried out within the RETURN – multi-Risk sciEnce for resilienT comUnities undeR a changiNg climate Extended Partnership and received funding from the  European Union Next-GenerationEU (National Recovery and Resilience Plan – NRRP, Mission 4, Component 2, Investment 1.3 – D.D. 1243 2/8/2022, PE0000005).