bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Web Land - Design Trends for 2016
Authors: Giurgiu Luminiţa , Bârsan Ghiţă
Published: July 2016

The reason for building a website is primarily to reach target audiences worldwide (or local audiences, as appropriate) and, secondly, to represent a company or organization in the online environment. And if we take the second case, namely online representation is necessary to make sure that website is always updated and that has an improved web design. Trends in web design can have multiple roles: to make a website more attractive and more functional and to increase its traffic and subsequent conversions. Given the evolution of technology, most websites have to suffer some changes so frequent visitors to enjoy right experiences regardless of how they access, so for companies that take seriously the importance of their online website, respecting future trends in the online space is the only way to start a new project. This article brings up some trends in web design, considering this issue of great interest in the online environment. Although it is quite difficult to predict which trends will later develop into the necessity, we must keep pace in this digital world where everything seems to change so fast.
Shielding Effectiveness of Some Conductive Textiles and Their Capability to Reduce the Mobile Phones Radiation
Authors: Miclăuş Simona , Bechet Paul , Paljanos Annamaria , Aron Angel Marian , Mihai George , Pătru Ion , Baltag Octavian
Published: July 2016

An analysis of the shielding effectiveness by the method of dual transversal electromagnetic cell is proposed for a set of conductive materials of the type wire-inserted textiles. Based on the experimental results, some of the materials are further on used to test their capability to effectively reduce the specific absorption rate of energy deposition in the head due to mobile phone, when they are covering the surface of the handset. It is demonstrated that both reducing and increasing the radiation that penetrates the head may appear, and this depends on both the material structure, its position and orientation relative to the device and to the frequency band the phone is emitting.
It Platform for Knowledge Management in Projects Dedicated to the Security and National Defence
Authors: Pilarski Grzegorz
Published: July 2016

Information is one of the most valuable goods in a contemporary hierarchical organization. The necessary condition for an organization to operate properly is to possess certain tools (applications) corresponding with its functional character and enabling basic operations performed on data in a digital form such as gathering, storing and processing. The Management and Command Faculty of the National Defence University makes use of an IT platform for documents’ management called Knowledge-Tree to safeguard the realization of project-related activity entailing the basic statue activity as well as projects in the scope of scientific research and development for the benefit of the defence and national security. The aforementioned software allows for inter alia: the creation of a repository of the knowledge base as well as the initiation of the procedure of documents’ circulation. In the article, the author will make an attempt to envisage the possibilities of the above-mentioned software and will present the procedure of information circulation which is realized in the parent organizational unit.
Measurements for Determining the Efficiency of a Screen of Absorbent Material Used on Board Maritime Vessels
Authors: Samoilescu Gheorghe , Bordianu Adelina , Radu Serghei , Apostol-Mateş Raluca-Aurora
Published: July 2016

Screening is one of the main ways to achieve the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) in the electric and electronic devices and equipments onboard a vessel. The present paper analyses the results of certain measurements made in order to determine the screen efficiency from the point of view of damping the induction magnetic field. Starting from the calculus for the screen efficiency, measurements of the intensity and level of the electric field, of the power density, of the damping and of the screening factor were made. These measurements were made both in the presence and in the absence of the screen.
Beyond Training Minimums – A New Concept of the UAV Operator Training Program
Authors: Szabolcsi Róbert
Published: July 2016

The UAV pilot/operator training is a crucial part being evaluated during certification of the unmanned aircraft systems (UAS). There are many milestones behind, many new initiatives are launched. However, many initiatives originated to the type of the crew training and certification originated to that of the minimum levels derived by regulations. There are two main approaches when establish a training organization. First is, the so-called approach of minimums (AoM) delivered to the operators. Second is originated to that of the set of skills (SoS) necessary to hold by operators to safe operation of the UAV. The author will examine two standpoints evaluating their privileges and bottlenecks, or, if there is any, the threat. New idea will be formulated by the author to combine advantages of those two approaches providing a new set of criteria for training system beyond present minimums.
Considerations Regarding Methods that Ensure Database Information Management and Security
Authors: Şerban Măriuţa , Ştefan Raluca-Mariana , Hurloiu Lăcrămioara-Rodica , Meruţă Alexandrina
Published: July 2016

The growing complexity and diversity of the environment in which economic organizations are acting, continuously generates problems whose solution requires the adoption and implementation of scientifically grounded decisions. The best practices for database security are found to have a certain relativity of the updated cognoscibility within this field. Any user who designs an application in a database has assured by the database’s managing system the possibility to monitor different events that occur. The frequently encountered events are changes regarding the data, but may also be submitting procedures or functions. The paper focuses on establishing the main methods for database information security as well as ensuring the substantiation of managerial decisions.
Kernel Methods for Data Classification
Authors: Ştefan Raluca-Mariana , Şerban Măriuţa , Hurloiu Iulian-Ion , Rusu Bianca-Florentina
Published: July 2016

In the past decades, the exponential evolution of data collection for macroeconomic databases in digital format caused a huge increase in their volume. As a consequence, the automatic organization and the classification of macroeconomic data show a significant practical value. Various techniques for categorizing data are used to classify numerous macroeconomic data according to the classes they belong to. Since the manual construction of some of the classifiers is difficult and time consuming, are preferred classifiers that learn from action examples, a process which forms the supervised classification type. A variant of solving the problem of data classification is the one of using the kernel type methods. These methods represent a class of algorithms used in the automatic analysis and classification of information. Most algorithms of this section focus on solving convex optimization problems and calculating their own values. They are efficient in terms of computation time and are very stable statistically. Shaw-Taylor, J. and Cristianini, N. have demonstrated that this type of approach to data classification is robust and efficient in terms of detection of existing stable patterns in a finite array of data. Thus, in a modular manner data will be incorporated into a space where it can cause certain linear relationship.
Researches upon the Cavitation Phenomenon
Authors: Ali Beazit , Mărăşescu Daniel , Popa Adrian , Ali Levent
Published: July 2016

We use from in distribution of the equations for a non viscous, incompressible liquid. Using the Dirac filtering property some integral equations were obtained, giving the liquid velocity and pressure fields due to the bubble’s implosion. The difficulties derive from the fact that the system of differential equations with partial derivates is non-linear and the distribution in the spherical coordinates depends on several parameters. The most important criterion, decisive in the cavitation process, is the one in which the vaporization pressure intervenes pv.
Determination of an Optimal Plan for Supplying an Infantry Battalion in Combat Conditions
Authors: Baboş Alina , Baboş Alexandru
Published: July 2016

The modern battle field is characterized by an increasing number of indispensable information in decision making process, and as a consequence the increasing importance of software components in weapons systems. Under current conditions the commander can not only rely on experience and intuition, so it needs an information-based analytical thinking and reasoning. In this context, the operational research, with its methods and models, represents the scientific basis on which a rational and optimal decision is supported, by involving a minimal risk. This paper presents the optimization of military action, showing how to solve a practical problem using the transportation problem. The paper combines mathematical methods for solving the problem of transport with the requirements imposed by the tactical situations parameters encountered in the course of military operations by exemplifying a complex military operation.
The Report of Anghel Saligny in Favour of Building Oil Pipelines, 1899
Authors: Calcan Gheorghe
Published: July 2016

Our work aims to present the first debates on the topic of building pipelines for the transport of Romanian oil products. The debut consisted in the report that Anghel Saligny made in 1899. The pipeline system he proposed should have started in the centre of the oil region, i.e. from Băicoi, followed the trail railway Ploieşti, Buzău, Făurei, Feteşti, Cernavodă and reached the sea port of Constanţa. In 1907, engineer L. C. Erbiceanu joined the enterprise. The law was passed by the parliament in 1912. Works began the following year but they were interrupted because of the outburst of the First World War. After a partial use during the war, oil pipelines were completed in 1919.
Two (Sulfone-Amidosulphonyl)-Amides Derived from N-(P-Amidobenzoyl)-L-Glutamine; Optimized Synthesis and Toxicity Study
Authors: Cheptea Corina , Benchea Andreea Celia , Gaina Marius , Dorohoi Dana Ortansa , Sunel Valeriu
Published: July 2016

Two derivatives of glutamine were synthesized and the most convenient physical conditions for obtaining reactions were established in factorial experiments with temperature and time of reactions considered as relevant variables. A quantum-mechanical characterization for the new compounds was performed by using HyperChem 8.0.6 Programs and their physical and chemical properties were theoretically estimated. The toxicity of two new compounds was experimentally determined.
Study on the Greenhouse Gases Generated by the Direct Injection Diesel Engines Running on Biodiesel
Authors: Coşofreţ Doru , Popa Cătălin , Ristea Marian
Published: July 2016

The formation of CO2 emissions is largely dependent on the carbon content of the fuel used in diesel engines and on the fuel consumption. The mixture of biodiesel in fossil fuels is in line with most of the research presented in the specialty literature, a method of reducing CO2 emissions from diesel engines. Due to these controversies on the obtained results, the research of the biodiesel effects blended with fossil fuels is still a matter of study. Therefore, a laboratory study has been conducted on a naturally aspirated 4-stroke diesel engine, using different mixtures (10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40 and 50%) of diesel with biodiesel produced from oil rape. The results of the study revealed the fact that CO2 emissions of the blends used are lower than the same emissions produced when powering the engine with diesel fuel. Furthermore, of all blends used in the study, the 15% biodiesel mixture in diesel fuel was marked by a major decrease of CO2 emissions and of specific fuel consumption.
The Computing Methods for CO2 Emissions in Maritime Transports
Authors: Coşofreţ Doru , Bunea Marian , Popa Cătălin
Published: July 2016

Nowadays the global climate changes have determined the international bodies to take measures in order to reduce emissions that contribute to the greenhouse effect. The main component of the exhausting gases produced by diesel engines is the CO2 emissions, considered responsible for the greenhouse effect appearance. The CO2 occurrence is largely dependent on the fuel carbon content as used in the diesel engines and further on the fuel consumption. In this context, it is worthwhile considering the maritime transportation activities taking place since 2011 when IMO took steps to reduce the emissions of CO2 from the exhaust gases of marine diesel engines on ships, enforcing their energy efficiency standards. This paper presents a summary of the main methods for determining the CO2 masses from the exhaust gases of marine diesel engines. These computation methods highlight usage opportunities from the sustainable management principles point of view, promoting the concept of energy efficiency onboard the ships. The undertaken researches open new perspectives in regulation framework, offering new tools for GHG ship emissions’ monitoring and evidence.
The Impact of the Wind Speed on the Dynamics of the Wind Energy System
Authors: Deliu Florenţiu , Popov Petrică , Burlacu Paul
Published: July 2016

The paper analyzes the operation of electric power subsystem consisting of the naval marine wind turbine, the synchronous generator and the electric accumulators at linear and exponential variations of wind speed. The management system is analyzed using various functions of wind speed variation. This subsystem requires to capture the wind energy with maximum efficiency, so a diesel engine and a synchronous generator subsystem can be used only as a complementary source of energy.
Individual Kit for Immediate Decontamination
Authors: Epure Gabriel , Moşteanu Dănuţ , Rece Liliana , Iorga Ovidiu
Published: July 2016

In case of CBRN incidents, the individual decontamination is an extremely urgent measure, for the rescue of personnel from all categories of military forces or from specialized intervention teams, as well as the civilian population unprotected or with minimal protection. Any delay has a significant impact on the fulfillment of combat missions, volume of losses and success of recovery. In this context, it must be considered the possibility that your own troops operate in areas with CBRN risk. The activities with top priority are those relating to the individual protection and immediate decontamination of the personnel, within a very short time, guaranteeing the chances of survival. The paper presents the research results of a multidisciplinary team in the decontamination of chemical, biological and radiological domain for achieving a new individual kit for immediate decontamination, according with the NATO required standards. In the paper the performance and technical-tactical features of the product are iterated, as well as the aspects related to the testing and evaluation of the product development.
Modeling and Simulation of Thermal Analysis of a Teflon Coated Plate
Authors: Haţiegan Cornel , Molnar Mihaela , Trocaru Sorin , Pădureanu Ioan , Jurcu Marcel Romulus , Filip Nedeloni Lidia , Ilie Florin
Published: July 2016

This paper presents thermal analysis with finite elements for a plate of steel covered on the surface with a thin layer of Teflon. There is the possibility of identification of that part responsible for beginning of the thermal degradation using the vibrational model. The thermal analysis with finite elements made with ANSYS program enables monitoring and determination of plate variation of temperature. This variation of temperature could cause significant changes in guided wave propagation.
Thermal Burden Optimization on CB Protective Suits Using New Materials and Innovative Design
Authors: Lăzăroaie Claudiu , Alexe Florentina , Său Ciprian
Published: July 2016

A new mission needs new or adapted equipment. Being necessary to operate more and more frequently in warm climates and considering the new requirements for chemical and biological (CB) protective suits, it was necessary to study new materials and concepts of operation for the existing CB air permeable suits. The paper presents the new requirements for reduced thermal burden protective suits, the tools for the evaluation of thermal burden and also some results of the conducted researches. The experimental results led us to a new concept in designing a suit for CB protection and also to produce a prototype batch.
Airflow Modeling and Simulation Required in CBRN Collective Protection Design
Authors: Lăzăroaie Claudiu , Zecheru Teodora , Său Ciprian , Cherecheş Tudor
Published: July 2016

Many CBRN agents are very difficult to detect and identify, due to the fact that most technologies, equipment and materials used for their obtainment have also commercial applications. One possibility to counteract such threats, both for military and civilians, is to use systems of collective protection (COLPRO), which must be manufactured from materials that can withstand not only the action of CBRN agents, but, as much as possible, toxic industrial materials (TIMs). The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study of the atmosphere in the neighbourhood of the COLPRO tent and the air flow dynamics inside the tent give all the necessary data regarding the effect of air circulation on the entire COLPRO system. Based on this study, a favourable orientation of the COLPRO tent may be established relatively to the strategic position of the troops or the civilian groups, versus statistical wind speed, direction and charge.
The Influence of Decontamination Mixture of ODS-4 on Chemical Resistance of the Garments for Body Surface Isolative Protection of the Czech Armed Forces Chemical Corps Specialists
Authors: Melichařík Zdeněk , Otřísal Pavel , Florus Stanislav
Published: July 2016

Providing effective isolative protection of the Czech Armed Forces Chemical Corps’ specialist is long-term, developed and perspective problems. In current time established protective garments designated for hermetical body surface protection of the Czech Armed Forces Chemical Corps’ specialist are constructively solved with the employment of a mixture based on a butyl-rubber polymeric mixture both-sided coated on a polymeric fabric. Effective protection of a body surface has to be guaranteed for the whole time of usage of a protective garment, thus after performed repeated decontamination. The paper deals with influences of decontamination mixtures ODS-4 on the isolative protective foil used for production of anti-gas protective garment marked as OPCH-05 which is established as the garment for specialists’ body surface protection.
Assessment of Chemical Resistance of Barrier Materials based on Practical Application of Conductometry
Authors: Otřísal Pavel , Florus Stanislav
Published: July 2016

A paper deals with basic theoretical approaches for conductometry employment and its possibilities within testing chemical resistance of barrier materials. A classical conductometry is one from the oldest electro-analytical methods which deals with a measurement of conductivity of solution in water or even another solvent with high relative permittivity when comes to dissociation of an electrolyte on ions. Within employment of conductometric test for evaluation of chemical resistance of barrier materials used in anti-gas protection of the Czech Armed Forces Chemical Corps specialists based theoretical principles have been used. Their application, however, have reached a certain degree of rationalization such as the employment of special carbon electrodes, ensuring temperature compensation within performing long measurements and ensuring mixture of the electrolyte.
Military Multipurpose Pylon Deigned for 100tf Load
Authors: Popa Adrian , Scurtu Ionuţ-Cristian , Ali Beazit , Ristea Marian
Published: July 2016

The breakthrough in static structural, buckling and modal computer-simulated results can be used for new military purpose applications. The development of hardware resources leads to better simulation in mechanical analysis. Based on the Ansys software, the values presented for the pylon result from a complex analysis. The present paper aims at defining the working parameters for a specific load of 100 tf, as well as presenting the actual software capabilities for military applications. The information provided is valuable for the emerging technologies and the military techniques, being based on the ANSYS simulation.
Modeling the Effect of Underwater Explosion on a Submerged Plate Structure
Authors: Toma Alecu , Pricop Mihail , Katona Cosmin
Published: July 2016

The experiments have determined that, even close to the detonating underwater charge, the gas bubble and shock wave are sufficiently separated to produce individual effects on plane structures. These results allow evaluating the shock wave parameters and the effects of these two phenomena to be studied separately. This paper focuses on the numerical modeling of the underwater gas bubble effect on submerged plate. We consider a plane structure made from ideal rigid-plastic material. An interaction between underwater explosion and plate will be analytically studied to obtain the equation governing the fluid force per unit length of the structure and the fluid – plane structure interaction equation. The time variation of the gas bubble radius and the explosion magnitude is graphically shown. The interaction between underwater explosion and a submerged flat structure will be simulated.
Analysis of the Possibility of Applying the Maintenance System based on Reliability by Comparative Appreciation of the Braking Installation
Authors: Virca Ioan , Căruţaşu Vasile
Published: July 2016

Analysing the current maintenance system, one can obviously notice a disadvantage to be found in all the cases in which the maintenance activities prove useless, not resulting in finding the flaws or the conditions leading to them, the verified equipment being declared as functioning well. Thus, it becomes indispensable that a rapid and efficient strategy should be implemented for the diagnosis of the component parts of the vehicles, the maintenance based on reliability respectively, which constantly monitors the evolution of parameters so that the permanent state of the vehicle is made known, as well as the necessary maintenance activities. As such, the maintenance based on reliability promotes an efficient policy of the maintenance activities throughout the period of using the vehicle, all the expenses being offset by reducing the maintenance costs through the decrease of the immobilisation time and the number of repair operations. The paper deals with a new approach of the aspects related to the maintenance system of vehicles, relying on mathematical statistics which allows for modelling the strategies likely to be applied within the system. The results of a mathematical approach should not be neglected since the future strategies of managing the maintenance processes of the technical systems cannot be based on simple empirical reasoning, which has most often proved costly.
Bias, its minimization or circumvention to simplify internal quality assurance
Authors: Haeckel Rainer , Gurr Eberhard , Hoff Torsten , on behalf of the working group Guide Limits of the German So
Published: July 2016

Several concepts of analytical bias and remedies to minimize bias have been suggested with the ultimate goal to disregard it. Short-term bias (within one control cycle) should be treated as a random error if it is less than the permissible limits. Long-term bias should be eliminated if it is known or circumvented by estimating intra-laboratory reference limits (RLs). Consequently, analytical uncertainty could be reduced to permissible imprecision. Then, models combining imprecision and bias would become irrelevant, and the numerical value of total analytical error would become identical with imprecision. The purpose of the present report is to simplify quality assurance schemes considerably by disregarding bias either by estimating RLs or by verifying the applied reference limits (checking the transferability) as requested by ISO and CLSI.
Law Students’ Information Literacy Skills and Attitudes Towards Environmental Protection and Environmental Legislation
Authors: Balog Kornelija Petr , Siber Ljiljana
Published: July 2016

This paper presents the findings of a small-scale pilot study on law students’ information literacy skills and their ability to find information on environmental protection. Environmental issues are a growing concern today and numerous associations, organizations and individuals are waging an active world preservation campaign. The aim is to demonstrate social responsibility and consideration for future generations by reducing the “ecological footprint.” The aim of the research was to ascertain the law students’ attitudes towards environmental protection and the level of their information literacy skills regarding e-environmental laws and regulations. The survey was conducted in March 2015 on a sample of 110 students. The results show that students are fairly concerned about the protection of the environment but do not feel adequately informed about the issue. Students also believe that Croatia has poor environmental laws and should improve the environmental legislation within the European legal framework. Seventy per cent of the students were ignorant about the law library’s resources on environmental protection and sustainability. This is the first research about the information literacy skills of law students in Croatia regarding green information, the findings of which will serve for preparation of course materials for the credited course on information literacy offered by the library. It is of particular importance for the Osijek Law Faculty library because the library is involved in numerous projects regarding environmental protection (both at the national and the EU level).
The Information Technology Skills of Science and Social Science Students at Kuwait University: A Comparison
Authors: Al-Muomen Nujoud , Abdulla Abdulnasir Taleb
Published: July 2016

This study aims to explore the information technology (IT) skills/Internet use of students at Kuwait University while comparing two different colleges: Science and Social Sciences. The focus was on exploring students’ perceptions of their skills in using information technology and the Internet with respect to applications, services and tools. This study adopted a survey method in which a questionnaire was administered to 400 students from two colleges during their classes; 281 students participated, resulting in a 70.25 % response rate. Statistically significant differences were found between students from the two colleges according to college affiliation and major, gender, and length of experience in using IT/Internet applications. This study was the first of its kind in Kuwait to compare self-reported (IT) skills of students representing two different disciplines and thus provides baseline data for future studies.
From rarum to rarissimum: An unexpected zero person marker
Authors: Grossman Eitan
Published: August 2016

This article addresses the problem of crosslinguistic rarity by mapping the types of diachronic factors that contribute to the rarity of a particular feature. It is proposed that a number of different diachronic factors may play a role, such as the rarity of source constructions, the rarity of particular types of change, the number of stages necessary for a particular feature to develop, and the number of pathways that can lead to a particular feature. This article looks at a
Iatrogenic splenic injury: review of the literature and medico-legal issues
Authors: Feola Alessandro , Niola Massimo , Conti Adelaide , Delbon Paola , Graziano Vincenzo , Paternoster Mariano , Pietra Bruno Della
Published: August 2016

Introduction

Iatrogenic splenic injury is a recognized complication in abdominal surgery. The aim of this paper is to understand the medico-legal issues of iatrogenic splenic injuries. We performed a literature review on PubMed and Scopus using iatrogenic splenic or spleen injury and iatrogenic splenic rupture as keywords. Iatrogenic splenic injury cases were identified. Most cases were related to colonoscopy, but we also identified cases related to upper gastrointestinal procedures, colonic surgery, ERCP, left nephrectomy and/or adrenalectomy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, vascular operations involving the abdominal aorta, gynecological operation, left lung biopsy, chest drain, very rarely spinal surgery and even cardiopulmonary resuscitation. There are several surgical procedures that can lead to a splenic injury. However, from a medico-legal point of view, it is important to assess whether the cause can be attributed to a technical error of the operator rather than being an unpredictable and unpreventable complication. It is important for the medico-legal expert to have great knowledge on iatrogenic splenic injuries because it is important to evaluate every step of the first procedure performed, how a splenic injury is produced, and whether the correct treatment for the splenic injury was administered in a judgment.
Effects of boldenone undecylenate on growth performance, maintenance behaviour, reproductive hormones and carcass traits of growing rabbits
Authors: Mohammed H.H. , Badawi M.E. , El-Tarabany M.S. , Rania M.
Published: August 2016

The present study was done to evaluate the effect of boldenone undecylenate (BOL) on growth performance, maintenance behaviour, reproductive hormones and carcass traits of male rabbits. Sixty apparently healthy New Zealand White male rabbits, 5 weeks of age, were allotted to 3 equal groups. Each group was subdivided into 5 replicates, where the first group is control. The second group (B1) comprised rabbits that received 2 intramuscular injections of BOL (5 mg/kg) with 3 week intervals (9 and 12 weeks of age), while the third group (B2) included rabbits that received 3 intramuscular injections of BOL (5 mg/kg) with 2 week intervals (8, 10 and 12 weeks of age). The end of the trial was after 4 weeks from the last injection (16 weeks of age). The results revealed that the treated groups had a significant increase in total body weight, daily gain and feed efficiency, with a significant decrease in feed conversion ratio (FCR). Ingestive, locomotion and grooming behaviors were significantly higher in treated groups. Lateral pasture and exploratory behaviors were significantly higher in the control group. Administration of BOL resulted in a significant increase in dressing % and a significant decrease in testes %. Groups treated with BOL had a significantly (P<0.05) decreased serum testosterone level, simultaneously with a significantly increased estradiol level. The results indicate that BOL improves performance and carcass traits. Furthermore, there are hormonal-behavioral correlations through enhancement of ingestive and locomotion behaviors of treated animals.
Microbiological and parasitological survey of zoonotic agents in apparently healthy feral pigeons
Authors: Marenzoni M.L. , Morganti G. , Moretta I. , Crotti S. , Agnetti F. , Moretti A. , Pitzurra L. , Casagrande Proietti P. , Sechi P. , Cenci-Goga B. , Franciosini M.P.
Published: August 2016

Microbiological and parasitological investigation was carried out on a colony of feral pigeons, located in a green area near the main hospital of a Central Italy city. One hundred pigeons were submitted to clinical examination. Cloacal swabs, grouped in pool of 4 samples, were analyzed to detect the presence ofCoxiella burnetii,Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydophilaspp. using a biomolecular procedure, while individual cloacal samples were examined forSalmonellaspp.,Campylobacterspp., and yeasts by means of a specific culture media. An ELISA test was used to determine the presence ofGiardiaspp., andCryptosporidiumspp. coproantigens. Individual serological samples were also tested with the modified agglutination test (MAT) in order to detect antibodies againstToxoplasma gondii. The pigeons did not show any clinical signs. The cloacal pools proved to be negative forC. burnetiiDNA while three pools were positive forC. psittaciorChlamydophilaspp. DNAs.Salmonellaspp. was not detected.C. jejuniandC. coliwere found in 13% and 4% of the samples, respectively. NoGiardiaspp. andCryptosporidiumspp. were detected. Thirty-three out of 100 samples (33%) were positive for yeast colonies. The seroprevalence forT. gondiiwas 8%. Although with moderate incidence, potentially zoonotic agents were present thus highlighting the need for sanitary surveillance on feral pigeon colonies.
Flow cytometric assessment of activation of peripheral blood platelets in dogs with normal platelet count and asymptomatic thrombocytopenia
Authors: Żmigrodzka M. , Guzera M. , Winnicka A.
Published: August 2016

Platelets play a crucial role in hemostasis. Their activation has not yet been evaluated in healthy dogs with a normal and low platelet count. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of activators on platelet activation in dogs with a normal platelet count and asymptomatic thrombocytopenia. 72 clinically healthy dogs were enrolled. Patients were allocated into three groups. Group 1 consisted of 30 dogs with a normal platelet count, group 2 included 22 dogs with a platelet count between 100 and 200×109/land group 3 consisted of 20 dogs with a platelet count lower than 100×109/l. Platelet rich-plasma (PRP) was obtained from peripheral blood samples using tripotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (K3-EDTA) as anticoagulant. Next, platelets were stimulated using phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate or thrombin, stabilized using procaine or left unstimulated. The expression of CD51 and CD41/CD61 was evaluated. Co-expression of CD41/CD61 and Annexin V served as a marker of platelet activation. The expression of CD41/CD61 and CD51 did not differ between the 3 groups. Thrombin-stimulated platelets had a significantly higher activity in dogs with a normal platelet count than in dogs with asymptomatic thrombocytopenia. Procaine inhibited platelet activity in all groups. In conclusion, activation of platelets of healthy dogsin vitrovaried depending on the platelet count and platelet activator.
Cytodiagnostics of canine lymphomas – possibilities and limitations
Authors: Sapierzyński R. , Kliczkowska-Klarowicz K. , Jankowska U. , Jagielski D.
Published: August 2016

Malignant lymphomas are one of the most common malignant tumours occurring in dogs. The basic method of lymphoma diagnosis in human, as well as in canine oncology is histopathology supported by immunohistochemistry. It was suggested that in veterinary medicine excisional biopsy of lymph node and histopathology should be considered only where the cytologic diagnosis is equivocal or needs to be confirmed. There are at least three basic reasons for which cytological examination ought to be accepted as a sufficient and reliable diagnostic method for lymphoma in dogs. Firstly, most dog owners consider the fine-needle biopsy as an acceptable non-harmful method of sample collection. Secondly, an increasing number of studies recommend cytology as an accurate test for diagnosing and subtyping canine lymphoma. Finally, the vast majority of canine lymphoma subtypes belong to 4-5 categories characterized by a typical cytological picture. Immunocytochemical staining of cytological smears gives new diagnostic possibilities, such as detection of markers better characterizing given growth or a potential goal for target therapy in individual cases (for example inhibitors of platelet-derived growth factor).
Spread of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus in Latvia: Analysis based on Dynamics of Young Ash Stands
Authors: Laiviņš Māris , Priede Agnese , Pušpure Ilze
Published: August 2016

In Latvia, during the last 15 years (2000–2015), the area of common ash Fraxinus excelsior forest stands has decreased by 40.6%. The dieback was predominantly caused by the fungal pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. Mostly young stands (up to 40 years old) were affected, accounting for 77.3% of the area of dieback. In this paper, we analysed the dynamics of young ash stand area within nature regions in Latvia to attempt to determine patterns of spread and the major migration routes of H. fraxineus. As suggested by the available data, the invasion of the fungal pathogen began in the southern part of Latvia, and then gradually dispersed across the country. The largest decline of young ash stands, during the period 2000–2010, occurred in lowlands. According to our estimate, the average rate of dispersal in Latvia was 40 km per year. At the scale of Latvia, the dispersal routes of fungal pathogen H. fraxineus largely coincide with the major migration corridors of biota and are related to macro-relief forms and their configuration.
Path-expressing constructions: Toward a typology
Authors: Fortis Jean-Michel , Vittrant Alice
Published: August 2016

This paper discusses Talmy’s typology of motion events and provides an outline of our own approach. In the first part, we present Talmy’s typology, its origin and evolution, the various objections which have been raised against it, and some data which, in current typological work, have been recognized marginally or not at all. In the second part, we describe our own approach, with a double goal in sight: first, of overcoming the difficulties met by current proposals, and, next, of providing an inventory of constructions used in the encoding of path. This inventory is given in an appendix.
Easy method for newborn screening of six lysosomal storage disorders using online solid-phase extraction with mass spectrometry / Altı lizozomal depo hastağının yenidoğan taramasında, online katı faz eksraksiyon kullanılarak kütle spektrometresi ile ölçümünde kolay bir metod
Authors: Serdar Muhittin , Lay İncilay , Coşkun Julide , Aslan Berna , Aslan Hüseyin , Coşkun Abdurrahman , Serteser Mustafa , Ünsal İbrahim , Özpınar Aysel
Published: August 2016

Objective: A modified method for screening of six lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) by tandem mass spectrometry was presented.

Methods: The enzyme activities for six LSDs (Gaucher, Pompe, Krabbe, Fabry, Niemann-Pick A/B and Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I) was measured by using ultra- HPLC and mass spectrometry. After overnight incubation of dried blood spots with three distinct reaction cocktails containing substrates and internal standards, reactions were stopped and online trapping was performed with ultra-HPLC preceding to mass spectrometry. Ultra-HPLC was equipped with online solid phase extraction and Hypersil Gold C8 analytical columns and coupled with TSQ Quantum Access Max mass spectrometry.

Results: Activities of acid-s-glucocerebrosidase (ABG), acid glucosidase (GAA), galactocerebroside-s-galactosidase (GALC), acid-galactosidase A (GLA), acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), and α-L-iduronidase (IDU) were obtained from DBSs of patients and healthy individuals. The intraand inter-assay precisions were <20% (CV).

Conclusion: Our modified method, needing less DBS punches and only three reaction coctails, with the online trapping methodology, accurately differentiates newborns with LSDs from healthy newborns.
Null objects are ellipsis in Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Cyrino Sonia , Lopes Ruth
Published: July 2016

Brazilian Portuguese (BP) is known to license anaphoric null objects (ANO), that is, null objects with a linguistic antecedent. It also licenses VP ellipsis (VPE), with auxiliaries, modals and main verbs, the latter a case of V-stranding VPE (V-VPE), the one with which we will be concerned. Although ANOs and V-VPE may have identical surface strings in BP, we propose that they do not have the same structure. We argue that ANOs in BP are cases of DP ellipsis, and they present four properties that have been associated with (VP) ellipsis in the literature: a) availability of strict/sloppy readings (Ross, 1967. Constraints on variables in syntax. Cambridge, MA: MIT dissertation); b) structural parallelism between the antecedent and the elided string (Fiengo and May 1994. Indices and identity. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press); c) formal licensing by a functional category immediately c-commanding the elided string (Lobeck 1995. Ellipsis: Functional heads, licensing, and identification. Oxford: Oxford University Press); and d) disjunctive E-type readings (Simons 1996. Disjunction and anaphora. Proceedings of Semantics and Linguistic Theory 6. 245–260; Simons 2001. On issues in the semantics and pragmatics of disjunction. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University dissertation; Sakamoto 2013. Beyond sloppy identity of elliptic arguments: An interim report. Paper presented at the LingLunch, University of Connecticut. November 5). We then present evidence for an analysis of the ANO as a base-generated empty phrase marker that will be reconstructed in LF. We also propose that ANOs and VPE in BP are licensed by a lexicalized aspectual head, as a consequence of the loss of generalized verb movement in the language.
A Mathematical Approach to Estimate the Error During Calculating the Smoke Layer Height in Industrial Facilities
Authors: Melcher Thomas , Krause Ulrich
Published: July 2016

Engineering based calculation procedures in fire safety science often consist of unknown or uncertain input data which are to be estimated by the engineer using appropriate and plausible assumptions. Thereby, errors in this data are induced in the calculation and thus, impact the number as well as the reliability of the results. In this paper a procedure is presented to directly quantify and consider unknown input properties in the process of calculation using distribution functions and Monte-Carlo Simulations. A sensitivity analysis reveals the properties which have a major impact on the calculation reliability. Furthermore, the results are compared to the numerical models of CFAST and FDS.
Research of Effectiveness of „Plamostop“ Fire Retardand and Suitability of Testing Methods for Wood Flame Retardants Evaluating
Authors: Mitrenga Patrik , Vandlíčková Miroslava , Hudáková Martina , Sihelská Milada
Published: July 2016

The paper deals with testing of a water-miscible intumescent fire retardant. Experiments are conducted by thermal analysis (TG/DTG, DSC), cone calorimeter and non-standardized methods for monitoring weight loss when exposed to flame burning. Based on the experiment results and other information the most appropriate methods for testing fire retardants are reviewed. All methods by which experiments have been carried out are described. Our own method for testing fire retardants was created. It is also evaluated the effectiveness of a representative fire retardant of wood by all mentioned methods. The result of the experiment is to evaluate the suitability of each method for testing of fire retardants and evaluation fire retardant “Plamostop”.
Influence of the Training in Relation to the Fire-Fighting Effectiveness under the Condition of the Indoor Fire Simulation
Authors: Hora Jan , Žižka Jan
Published: July 2016

Fire Dynamics in a confined space is considerably difficult. Flashover container enables experimental examining of many of its aspects in controllable conditions. For this reason there is an extensive research in form of large scale tests goes in Zbiroh where large container complex for liquefied gas fuel was built. In this time a human factor and its effect on the environment is in the research. Among others the tests were aimed to examining the influence of the training on the efficiency of the intervention under indoor fire conditions, namely the ability of a fire-fighter affect the thermal field and the thermal radiation in the right direction. The article describes the experiments that were carried out.
Ignition Activation Energy of Materials based on Polyamide 6
Authors: Rantuch Peter , Wachter Igor , Hrušovský Ivan , Balog Karol
Published: July 2016

This contribution is aimed to compare the values of the ignition activation energies of two types of polyamide – Slovamid 6 FRB and Slovamid GF 50 LTS. Samples were isothermally stressed at five different temperatures between 500 °C a 550 °C, while the time to initiation of the flame combustion was monitored. Subsequently from the measured times were compiled Arrhenius plots under which activation energy of ignition of both polymers were calculated. The values of activation energies were 106 kJ.mol−1 and 158.0 kJ.mol−1 for Slovamid 6 FRB 4 and Slovamid 6 GF 50 LTS.
The Development of Special Sequentially-Timed Charges for Breaking Frozen Waterways
Authors: Lichorobiec Stanislav , Barčová Karla , Dorazil Tomáš , Skácel Radovan , Říha Ladislav , Červenka Martin
Published: July 2016

This article documents the development of the noninvasive use of explosives during the destruction of ice mass in river flows. The system of special sequentially-timed charges utilizes the increase in efficiency of cutting charges by covering them with bags filled with water, while simultaneously increasing the effect of the entire system of timed charges. Timing, spatial combinations during placement, and the linking of these charges results in the loosening of ice barriers on a frozen waterway, while at the same time regulating the size of the ice fragments. The developed charges will increase the operability and safety of IRS units.
Changes in Structure and Content Humic Substances in Soil During the Laboratory Simulated Fires
Authors: Sirotiak Maroš , Bartošová Alica
Published: July 2016

The paper deals with the process of thermal degradation of humic substances in soil samples exposed to increased temperature. To determine the basic properties of humic substances, humic and fulvic acids are used conventional fractionation chemical laboratory methods. To determine changes in the chemical structure, the method of use of FT-IR ATR spectroscopy technique.
Approximation of the Time to Initiate the Evacuation of Persons at Large Group Events in Outdoor Environments in Case of a Fire
Authors: Pokorný Jiří , Kučera Petr , Maléřová Lenka
Published: July 2016

One of the basic prerequisites for securing the safety of people at large group events is to ensure their evacuation in case of emergencies. This article deals with the approximations of time to initiate the evacuation of persons in case of a fire at large group events organized in outdoor spaces. The solution is based on the principles of determining the period to initiate the evacuation of persons in terms of international ISO standards. Considering the specificities of the given outdoor space and possible related security measures, the article recommends the relevant sufficient amount of time to initiate an evacuation.
Structural and Implementation Issues Around the New Nigerian Labour, Safety, Health and Welfare Bill (2012): Lessons from UK, USA, Australia and China
Authors: Abubakar Usman
Published: July 2016

This paper, which is the Part II of a bipartite series, critically reviews the structural and implementation issues around the new Nigerian Labour, Safety, Health and Welfare (LSHW) Bill (2012). The study uses the vast Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) management experiences gained by UK, USA, Australia and China as bases for reviewing the LSHW Bill. The paper identifies some of the potential OSH management opportunities, challenges and some practical lessons for countries seeking to adopt a more centralised and result oriented OSH regulatory model. Nigeria is used as a reference case study only; most of the recommendations made may be useful to other developing countries.