bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visible-light-driven BNQD/BiVO4 material with enhanced photocatalytic activities for naproxen degradation and kinetic insights
Authors: Liu Minghao , Chen Yongxian , Li Daguang , Huang Shoubin , Fang Zheng , Xiao Zhenjun , Liu Haijin , Chen Ping , Lv Wenying , Liu Guoguang
Published: June 2023

The recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes represents a formidable constraint on the efficacy of semiconductors, which comprises a pivotal determinant of their performance in photocatalysis.
Design of biomaterials through direct ring-opening metathesis polymerisation of functionalised cyclic alkenes
Authors: Kobayashi Shingo , Tanaka Masaru
Published: June 2023

Ring-opening metathesis polymerisation (ROMP) has become a popular method for synthesising complex functional polymers owing to the high functional group tolerance of metathesis catalysts.
A greener approach for the synthesis of 3-cyanoacetamide pyrrole catalyzed by amorphous carbon-supported sulfonic acid
Authors: Nguyen Hai Truong , Van Le Tan , Nguyen Phat Ngoc , Nguyen Khanh Ha , Nguyen Linh Ho Thuy , Le Hoang Doan Tan , Tran Phuong Hoang
Published: June 2023

A facile and efficient method for synthesis of 3-cyanoacetamide pyrroles through four-component reaction using a carbonaceous catalyst.
Reverse voltage pulse deposition of a porous polyaniline/Mn–Co sulfide composite cathode material for modified Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors
Authors: Thiet Duong V. , Tung Doan T. , Tam Le T. T. , Dung Ngo T. , Tam Le T. , Nam Pham T. , Trang Nguyen T. T. , Vernardou Dimitra , Le Top K. , Tam Nguyen V. , Lam Tran D. , Lu Le T.
Published: June 2023

For expanding the working potential window and reducing the self-discharge for a Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor, a cathode of the Mn–Co-sulfide–polyaniline (MCS–PANi) composite was prepared by the reverse voltage pulse electrodeposition method.
Correction: Understanding the ultraviolet, green, red, near infrared and infrared emission properties of bismuth halide double perovskite
Authors: Huang Anjun , Liu Mingzhe , Duan Chang-Kui , Wong Ka-Leung , Tanner Peter A.
Published: June 2023

Correction for ‘Understanding the ultraviolet, green, red, near infrared and infrared emission properties of bismuth halide double perovskite’ by Anjun Huang et al., Inorg. Chem. Front., 2022, 9, 6379–6390, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2QI02053J.
Fighting bacterial pathogens with carbon nanotubes: focused review of recent progress
Authors: Asaftei Mihaela , Lucidi Massimiliano , Cirtoaje Cristina , Holban Alina-Maria , Charitidis Costas A. , Yang Fang , Wu Aiguo , Stanciu George A. , Sağlam Özge , Lazar Veronica , Visca Paolo , Stanciu Stefan G.
Published: June 2023

Main effects of SWCNTs and MWCNTs on E. coli and S. aureus bacterial cells.
Ternifolipyrons A–J: new cytotoxic α-pyrones from Isodon ternifolius (D. Don) Kudô
Authors: Elshamy Abdelsamed I. , Mohamed Tarik A. , Swapana Ningombam , Kasai Yusuke , Noji Masaaki , Efferth Thomas , Imagawa Hiroshi , Hegazy Mohamed-Elamir F. , Umeyama Akemi
Published: June 2023

Isodon ternifolius (D.Don) Kudô is an important Asian herb used in traditional medicine against several diseases.
Sophisticated and precise: design and implementation of a real-time optical detection system for ultra-fast PCR
Authors: Xi Bangchao , Huang Shaolei , An Yiquan , Gong Xianglian , Yang Jiayu , Zeng Juntian , Ge Shengxiang , Zhang Dongxu
Published: June 2023

Proposes a real-time fluorescence detection system for ultra-fast PCR that lifts limitations and significantly improves overall performance.
Stabilization of propene molybdenum and tungsten half–sandwich complexes by intramolecular coordination of a thioether function
Authors: Hanzl Lukáš , Vinklárek Jaromír , Dostál Libor , Císařová Ivana , Litecká Miroslava , Honzíček Jan
Published: June 2023

The stabilizing effect of an intramolecularly coordinated thioether function in propene complexes of molybdenum and tungsten is reported.
Route selection and reaction engineering for sustainable metabolite synthesis
Authors: Wohlgemuth Roland
Published: June 2023

Great advances in tools and methodologies along the whole workflow are providing sustainable routes to a desired metabolite which can replace extractive manufacturing from endangered biological species or lengthy chemical routes from fossil-based starting materials.
A novel biorefinery concept based on marginally used halophyte biomass
Authors: Monção Maxwel , Thoresen Petter Paulsen , Wretborn Tobias , Lange Heiko , Rova Ulrika , Christakopoulos Paul , Matsakas Leonidas
Published: June 2023

Optimizing the organosolv process parameters towards establishing a novel biorefinery concept based on marginally used halophyte biomass.
Force induced DNA melting in the presence of an attractive surface
Authors: Mohanta Dibyajyoti , Giri Debaprasad , Kumar Sanjay
Published: June 2023

The self-avoiding walk (SAW) model of polymers has been extended to study the simultaneous adsorption and force-induced unzipping, as well as the different phases of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA).
Quinone-functionalised carbons as new materials for electrochemical carbon dioxide capture
Authors: Hartley Niamh A. , Pugh Suzi M. , Xu Zhen , Leong Daniel C. Y. , Jaffe Adam , Forse Alexander C.
Published: June 2023

A new class of quinone-functionalised carbon materials are shown to capture carbon dioxide through an electrochemical charging process.
Advancing next-generation nonaqueous Mg–CO2batteries: insights into reaction mechanisms and catalyst design
Authors: Jayan Rahul , Islam Md Mahbubul
Published: June 2023

The role of catalyst design for the cathode material to overcome performance bottlenecks in rechargeable nonaqueous Mg–CO2batteries.
Melanin: insights into structure, analysis, and biological activities for future development
Authors: Song Wen , Yang Haoyue , Liu Song , Yu Huahua , Li Dan , Li Pengcheng , Xing Ronge
Published: June 2023

A comprehensive review of melanin's structure, identification methods, and biological activities, highlighting its potential for further development and diverse applications in various fields.
Improving the photocatalytic performance of conjugated polyelectrolytes via substituent optimization
Authors: Tian Li , Lin Haowei , Shang Mengya , Zhang Xi , Zhou XueFei , Xu Shanhong , Cui Cheng-Xing , Wang Airong
Published: June 2023

We report a series of D–A linear CPEs as photocatalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution and explore the impact of substituent regulation on photocatalytic performance.
Temperature and environmentally stable titanium carbide as an electron-selective heterocontact for crystalline silicon solar cells
Authors: Ding Yang , Huang Zhiping , Wei Deyuan , Chen Jingwei , Sun Biao , Di Chong , Wang Jianming , Zhang Kangping , Xu Ying , Fu Guangsheng
Published: June 2023

RF-sputtered TiCx film serves as electron-selective contact for silicon solar cells. A 17.37% efficiency is attained, with stable performance after vacuum annealing above 650 °C. This reveals metal carbides' potential as ETL in photovoltaic devices.
BaF2:Eu2+/3+,Tb3+nanofibres achieve enhanced multicolor luminescence and white-light emissionviamulti-channel excitation and energy migration procedure
Authors: Li Ning , Liu Xiaohan , Shao Hong , Qi Haina , Li Dan , Yu Wensheng , Liu Guixia , Dong Xiangting
Published: June 2023

BaF2:Eu2+/3+,Tb3+nanofibres with multicolor luminescence and white-light emission are constructedviaelectrospinning and di-crucible fluorination technology.
Absence of gut microbiota reduces neonatal survival and exacerbates liver disease in Cyp2c70-deficient mice with a human-like bile acid composition
Authors: Sjöland Wilhelm , Wahlström Annika , Makki Kassem , Schöler Marc , Molinaro Antonio , Olsson Lisa , Greiner Thomas Uwe , Caesar Robert , de Boer Jan Freark , Kuipers Folkert , Bäckhed Fredrik , Marschall Hanns-Ulrich
Published: June 2023

Mice with deletion of Cyp2c70 have a human-like bile acid composition, display age- and sex-dependent signs of hepatobiliary disease and can be used as a model to study interactions between bile acids and the gut microbiota in cholestatic liver disease. In the present study, we rederived Cyp2c70−/− mice as germ-free (GF) and colonized them with a human or a mouse microbiota to investigate whether the presence of a microbiota can be protective in cholangiopathic liver disease associated with Cyp2c70-deficiency. GF Cyp2c70−/− mice showed reduced neonatal survival, liver fibrosis, and distinct cholangiocyte proliferation. Colonization of germ-free breeding pairs with a human or a mouse microbiota normalized neonatal survival of the offspring, and particularly colonization with mouse microbiota from a conventionally raised mouse improved the liver phenotype at 6–10 weeks of age. The improved liver phenotype in conventionalized (CD) Cyp2c70−/− mice was associated with increased levels of tauro-ursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) and UDCA, resulting in a more hydrophilic bile acid profile compared with GF and humanized Cyp2c70−/− mice. The hydrophobicity index of biliary bile acids of CD Cyp2c70−/− mice was associated with changes in gut microbiota, liver weight, liver transaminases, and liver fibrosis. Hence, our results indicate that neonatal survival of Cyp2c70−/− mice seems to depend on the establishment of a gut microbiota at birth, and the improved liver phenotype in CD Cyp2c70−/− mice may be mediated by a larger proportion of TUDCA/UDCA in the circulating bile acid pool and/or by the presence of specific bacteria.
Les oscillations harmoniques des rythmes circadiens sortent de l’ombre
Authors: Teboul Michèle , Delaunay Franck
Published: June 2023

Environ 40 % du transcriptome hépatique a une expression circadienne. Récemment, des oscillations harmoniques du rythme circadien, indépendantes de l’horloge circadienne, ont été identifiées. Les transcrits oscillant avec une période de douze heures sont impliqués dans des mécanismes cellulaires fondamentaux et ubiquitaires, tels que la protéostase, le métabolisme des lipides ou le métabolisme des ARN. Un oscillateur ultradien de douze heures impliquant le régulateur de la réponse UPR XBP1, le coactivateur SRC-3 et la protéine des speckles SON, commence à être décrypté. L’oscillateur XBP1 et le transcriptome ultradien de douze heures sont très conservés, suggérant une émergence précoce qui pourrait remonter à une époque où le jour terrestre était bien inférieur à vingt-quatre heures.
Das KIDS-Schulungsprogramm
Authors: Zimmermann Sindy
Published: June 2023

Als erstes Patientenschulungsprogramm erfüllte das KIDS-Schulungsprogramm
die geforderten Qualitätskriterien für multimodale Programme zur
Therapie von Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Es basiert auf den 4
Säulen Medizin, Verhalten, Ernährung und Bewegung und schult
Kinder und Eltern. In Thüringen und Sachsen erreichte das Programm seit
2016 insgesamt bei 72% der Teilnehmenden eine Senkung des BMI-SDS nach
der 9-monatigen Interventionsphase.
Eine unkonventionelle Karriere einschlagen – Neue Arbeitsfelder erschließen
Authors: Falken Romy , Richardson Clio Eva
Published: June 2023

Romy Falken und Clio Eva Richardson haben in ihrer Bachelor-arbeit untersucht, welche nicht traditionellen Arbeitsplätze es für Ergotherapeut*innen in Deutschland gibt und welche Kompetenzen dabei von Vorteil sind. Sie plädieren dafür, neue Arbeitsfelder zu erschließen und damit zur Professionalisierung des Berufs beizutragen.
Ode an die Lebensfreude – Aktives Altern
Authors: Gätz Natalie
Published: June 2023

Alle Aktivitäten, die im Sinne der Gesunderhaltung und Lebensführung im Alter gestaltend mitwirken, nennt man laut Weltgesundheitsorganisation „Active Ageing“, also aktives Altern. Natalie Gätz erklärt das Konzept und zeigt Ansatzpunkte für die Ergotherapie auf.
Seleção de enxerto entre autoenxerto e aloenxerto de tendão na reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior com base na perspectiva histológica: uma metanálise
Authors: Setiawan Celleen Rei , Aryana I Gusti Ngurah Wien
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: O objetivo desta metanálise é comparar a cicatrização de ligamentos no autoenxerto e aloenxerto na reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA).

Métodos: A seleção dos estudos adequados foi realizada de acordo com as diretrizes de Relatórios Preferenciais para Revisões Sistemáticas e Metanálises (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses – PRISMA). Uma análise estatística foi feita usando um gerente de revisão. Os relatórios eletrônicos foram pesquisados usando os bancos de dados PubMed, Medline e Cochrane Library. Os critérios de inclusão foram estudos em animais e a histologia celular de ambos os enxertos como desfecho.

Resultado: A pesquisa inicial revelou 412 artigos potenciais. Após a retirada das duplicatas, restaram 246 artigos. Então, 14 artigos foram obtidos e selecionados pela relevância e elegibilidade. Os artigos relevantes foram pesquisados manualmente, verificando sua elegibilidade e detalhando os estudos para não perder os relatórios incluídos. Posteriormente, foram incluídos 5 estudos, com um total de 232 amostras, relatando os resultados de biópsia com histologia quantitativa de cicatrização de ligamento entre aloenxerto e autoenxerto. As amostras de biópsia nesses estudos foram examinadas sob microscópio leve ou eletrônico, para análise da área de distribuição celular e estágios de ligamentização em cada grupo. As metanálises encontraram diferença significativa entre autoenxerto e aloenxerto (Heterogeneidade, I2 = 89%; Diferença média, 95% intervalo de confiança [IC] = −34,92, −54,90, −14,93; p = 0,0006). Também há uma diferença significativa nos dois enxertos na contagem celular de mais de 24 semanas (Heterogeneidade, I2 = 26%; Diferença média, 95% IC = −14,59 , −16,24, −12,94; p < 0,00001).

Conclusão: Na presente metanálise, o autoenxerto mostra resultados significativos quando comparado ao aloenxerto, com mais acúmulo celular e resposta de remodelagem mais rápida no processo de ligamentização sendo observado no primeiro. No entanto, será necessário um estudo clínico maior para enfatizar o resultado desta literatura.
Management of Generalised Anxiety Disorder through Individualised Homoeopathic Medicine: A Case Study
Authors: Khadim Azizul Islam
Published: June 2023

Background Anxiety disorder is the most common psychological problem in this modern era. It is characterised by cognitive, somatic, emotional and behavioural components. Anxiety can affect the quality of life of an individual and can interfere with a person's career, academics, job, family and social life. Owing to the prolonged side effects from conventional medication, patients turn towards homoeopathy for safe, gentle and effective treatment.

Method A 23-year-old male diagnosed with generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) came to outpatient department after having consulted other physicians without benefit. The patient received individualised homoeopathic medicine. Outcome was measured using the GAD-7 every 3 months.

Results At the start of the treatment, the patient's GAD-7 score was 16 which reflected severe anxiety. After 9 months, it was reduced to 2.

Conclusion This case demonstrates the utility of individualised homoeopathic treatment in improving GAD within 9 months of treatment. Nevertheless, large sample randomised controlled study would be required to support this single case observation.
Mieloma Múltiplo (Parte 1) – Atualização Sobre Epidemiologia, Critérios Diagnósticos, Tratamento Sistêmico e Prognóstico
Authors: Guedes Alex , Becker Ricardo Gehrke , Teixeira Luiz Eduardo Moreira
Published: June 2023

O mieloma múltiplo (MM) constitui neoplasia maligna de origem hematológica caracterizada pela proliferação desregulada e clonal de plasmócitos na medula óssea; estas células produzem e secretam imunoglobulina monoclonal anômala, ou um fragmento desta, denominado proteína M. As manifestações clínicas do MM decorrem da proliferação destes plasmócitos, da produção excessiva de imunoglobulina monoclonal e da supressão da imunidade humoral normal, levando à hipercalcemia, destruição óssea, insuficiência renal, supressão da hematopoiese e da imunidade humoral, aumentando o risco para o desenvolvimento de infecções. O aumento na expectativa de vida da população mundial levou a concomitante incremento na prevalência do MM, patologia que habitualmente acomete a população idosa. O objetivo desta revisão é atualizar o leitor sobre a epidemiologia, critérios diagnósticos, diagnóstico diferencial com outras gamopatias monoclonais, tratamento sistêmico e prognóstico do MM.
Using fractional vortex beams to explore the mathematics of infinity
Authors: Thompson Avery
Published: June 2023

Optical vortex beams provide an experimental platform to recreate Hilbert’s Hotel.
Evaluation of the Abel inversion integral in O-mode plasma reflectometry using Chebyshev–Gauss quadrature
Authors: Leppink E. , Lau C. , Lin Y. , Wukitch S. J.
Published: June 2023

The Abel transform is often used to reconstruct plasma density profiles from O-Mode polarized reflectometry diagnostics. However, standard numerical trapezoidal evaluation of the Abel inversion integral can be computationally expensive for a large number of evaluation points, and an endpoint singularity exists on the upper-bound of the integral, which can result in an increased error. In this work, Chebyshev–Gauss quadrature is introduced as a new method to evaluate the Abel inversion integral for the problem of O-Mode plasma reflectometry. The method does not require numerical evaluation of an integral singularity and is shown to have similar accuracy compared to existing methods while being computationally efficient.
Direct numerical simulation of three-dimensional isotropic turbulence with smoothed particle hydrodynamics
Authors: Ricci Francesco , Vacondio Renato , Tafuni Angelantonio
Published: June 2023

This study presents an investigation of the capability of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) to simulate three-dimensional isotropic turbulence. The effect of the error introduced by the particle disorder is assessed by comparing the standard Lagrangian SPH with an Eulerian adaptation. For the free decay of isotropic turbulence in a triple periodic box, the Eulerian SPH shows very good agreement with the reference solution, while the particle disorder in Lagrangian simulations yields an incorrect prediction of turbulent energy spectra. For the first time, a SPH investigation on linearly forced isotropic turbulence is also conducted with a focus on how the numerical dissipation affects the obtained solution. It is found that by using a Godunov-type SPH scheme for the continuity equation and by employing Roe's approximate solver for the Riemann problem at the interface of each neighboring particle, a stable solution is obtained, which is also in agreement with the results predicted by the theory of homogeneous isotropic turbulence. The efficacy of the particle shifting technique applied to turbulent SPH flows is studied in the end. Numerical findings indicate that corrective terms derived from the arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian theory are essential for a proper estimation of turbulence characteristics.
Learning from past designs: improving amphibian fences using an adaptive management approach
Authors: Gould John , Callen Alex , Knibb Gregory , Donelly Rachael , Schmahl Kate , Maynard Cassandra , Sanders Samantha , Lemckert Frank , McHenry Colin
Published: June 2023

Fences have been widely used to exclude, manage, or monitor both native and invasive amphibian populations. Given that fences are artificial barriers that impact animal movements within the landscape, it is critical they do not allow for unwanted movement or lead to unintended animal welfare risks. We have carried out a literature review to identify features that have been used for amphibian fences, as well as aspects of fence design, installation, and maintenance that have limited their effectiveness. We also describe our own application of adaptive management to amphibian exclusion fences, in which we detected flaws and improved features, and monitored the effectiveness of these changes. Based on an exploration of the literature and our experiences, we found several key attributes to fences that must be considered when created for amphibians, including height, lip barriers, underground barriers, support frameworks, gates, seams, clearance zones, and moisture refuges. We found that studies commonly do not detail all of these aspects of their fences, and that few openly describe flaws in the design, installation, and subsequent maintenance of their fences. This is potentially concerning because it may limit chances to make improvements to fence designs that are specific for amphibians. We subsequently provide considerations and recommendations for each key fence attribute, along with maintenance and monitoring advice. These take into account intended fence purpose, desired fence permeability, and project constraints for a variety of amphibian types, life histories, and developmental stages. They are intended to be used by managers to assist in designing an effective fence for their target species. Some of our recommendations to reduce animal welfare risks are to minimise the use of: (1) fence materials that could cause abrasion injuries, (2) dry substrates that could lead to desiccation, (3) geofabrics that could lead to entanglement, and (4) fence aprons that animals could easily become trapped under. This is likely to be a valuable guide for practitioners who are required to install amphibian fences and for policy makers who prescribe fences for mitigation. This guide is applicable for projects managing threatened native species, as well as invasive species, such as the cane toad (Rhinella marina).
Rhetorical (ir)responsibility in the Australian Parliament
Authors: McLaughlin Simon , Weder Franzisca
Published: June 2023

In this conceptual paper, we differentiate between political decisions and the conversations where these decisions
are discussed and facilitated. We complement existing work on argumentation in political communication by applying Aristotle’s
Rhetoric to the study of climate change debate. We show how Aristotle’s principles for ethical and rational
political speech work toward audience trust and encourage deliberative debate and decision-making. Our deliberative perspective is
supported by a case study analysis of Australia’s parliamentary climate change debate. We resurrect Aristotle’s
Rhetoric both as an analytical tool for critical analysis and a potential framework for constructive climate
change debate. Following the conceptualisation of parliamentary debate as a conversational space where decision-making processes
are facilitated, we introduce Aristotle’s Rhetoric and the concept of ‘rhetorical responsibility’, which is
further explored and exemplified in the case study. We conclude with future research questions for discourse and political
communication studies.
A PI(3,5)P2 reporter reveals PIKfyve activity and dynamics on macropinosomes and phagosomes
Authors: Vines James H. , Maib Hannes , Buckley Catherine M. , Gueho Aurelie , Zhu Zhou , Soldati Thierry , Murray David H. , King Jason S.
Published: June 2023

Phosphoinositide signaling lipids (PIPs) are key regulators of membrane identity and trafficking. Of these, PI(3,5)P2 is one of the least well-understood, despite key roles in many endocytic pathways including phagocytosis and macropinocytosis. PI(3,5)P2 is generated by the phosphoinositide 5-kinase PIKfyve, which is critical for phagosomal digestion and antimicrobial activity. However PI(3,5)P2 dynamics and regulation remain unclear due to lack of reliable reporters. Using the amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum, we identify SnxA as a highly selective PI(3,5)P2-binding protein and characterize its use as a reporter for PI(3,5)P2 in both Dictyostelium and mammalian cells. Using GFP-SnxA, we demonstrate that Dictyostelium phagosomes and macropinosomes accumulate PI(3,5)P2 3 min after engulfment but are then retained differently, indicating pathway-specific regulation. We further find that PIKfyve recruitment and activity are separable and that PIKfyve activation stimulates its own dissociation. SnxA is therefore a new tool for reporting PI(3,5)P2 in live cells that reveals key mechanistic details of the role and regulation of PIKfyve/PI(3,5)P2.
Promiscuous recognition of MR1 drives self-reactive mucosal-associated invariant T cell responses
Authors: Chancellor Andrew , Alan Simmons Robert , Khanolkar Rahul C. , Nosi Vladimir , Beshirova Aisha , Berloffa Giuliano , Colombo Rodrigo , Karuppiah Vijaykumar , Pentier Johanne M. , Tubb Vanessa , Ghadbane Hemza , Suckling Richard J. , Page Keith , Crean Rory M. , Vacchini Alessandro , De Gregorio Corinne , Schaefer Verena , Constantin Daniel , Gligoris Thomas , Lloyd Angharad , Hock Miriam , Srikannathasan Velupillai , Robinson Ross A. , Besra Gurdyal S. , van der Kamp Marc W. , Mori Lucia , Calogero Raffaele , Cole David K. , De Libero Gennaro , Lepore Marco
Published: June 2023

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells use canonical semi-invariant T cell receptors (TCR) to recognize microbial riboflavin precursors displayed by the antigen-presenting molecule MR1. The extent of MAIT TCR crossreactivity toward physiological, microbially unrelated antigens remains underexplored. We describe MAIT TCRs endowed with MR1-dependent reactivity to tumor and healthy cells in the absence of microbial metabolites. MAIT cells bearing TCRs crossreactive toward self are rare but commonly found within healthy donors and display T-helper-like functions in vitro. Experiments with MR1-tetramers loaded with distinct ligands revealed significant crossreactivity among MAIT TCRs both ex vivo and upon in vitro expansion. A canonical MAIT TCR was selected on the basis of extremely promiscuous MR1 recognition. Structural and molecular dynamic analyses associated promiscuity to unique TCRβ-chain features that were enriched within self-reactive MAIT cells of healthy individuals. Thus, self-reactive recognition of MR1 represents a functionally relevant indication of MAIT TCR crossreactivity, suggesting a potentially broader role of MAIT cells in immune homeostasis and diseases, beyond microbial immunosurveillance.
Somatic gain-of-function mutations in BUD13 promote oncogenesis by disrupting Fbw7 function
Authors: Chen Jianfeng , Zhang Xinyi , Tan Xianming , Liu Pengda
Published: June 2023

Somatic mutations occurring on key enzymes are extensively studied and targeted therapies are developed with clinical promises. However, context-dependent enzyme function through distinct substrates complicated targeting a given enzyme. Here, we develop an algorithm to elucidate a new class of somatic mutations occurring on enzyme-recognizing motifs that cancer may hijack to facilitate tumorigenesis. We validate BUD13-R156C and -R230Q mutations evading RSK3-mediated phosphorylation with enhanced oncogenicity in promoting colon cancer growth. Further mechanistic studies reveal BUD13 as an endogenous Fbw7 inhibitor that stabilizes Fbw7 oncogenic substrates, while cancerous BUD13-R156C or -R230Q interferes with Fbw7Cul1 complex formation. We also find this BUD13 regulation plays a critical role in responding to mTOR inhibition, which can be used to guide therapy selections. We hope our studies reveal the landscape of enzyme-recognizing motif mutations with a publicly available resource and provide novel insights for somatic mutations cancer hijacks to promote tumorigenesis with the potential for patient stratification and cancer treatment.
Design of an active detection system for ice and snow pollutants and freezing temperature on runway
Authors: Chen Bin , Gao Darui , Yang Junhai , Li Zongshuai
Published: June 2023

This paper studied the problem of ice and snow pollutants identification and freezing temperature detection under winter runway operation, and designed an active detection system for runway ice and snow pollutants and freezing temperature. The temperature change trend during the liquid freezing process was researched, and the freezing temperature detection model based on sequence segmented linear fitting and inflection point identification was proposed in combination with active cooling technology. The differences in dielectric properties of runway snow and ice cover are studied, and a multi-frequency detection-based forked-finger planar capacitive sensor was identified for snow and ice pollutants detection considering practical application scenarios. A finite element simulation model of the forked-finger planar capacitive sensor was established, to optimize the structural parameters of the sensor and verify the feasibility of the capacitor sensor. Finally, the detection device and control system were designed and fabricated, and built an experimental platform for system test. The field experimental results showed that the system has good reliability and stability, and the error of freezing temperature detection model is less than 0.3 °C. At the same time, it can identify three types of pollutants, including water, ice and ice–water mixture, with an accuracy of 89%.
A novel magnetic calibration method based on an extended shaping filter
Authors: Ma Xiaoyu , Zhang Jinsheng , Li Ting
Published: June 2023

During maneuvering of high-speed aircraft, the eddy-current magnetic field has a significant impact on the real-time geomagnetic field measurement accuracy. However, it is difficult to estimate the eddy-current component directly when it is considered in the magnetic distortion model. In this paper, we proposed a geomagnetic field estimation method based on a shaping filter. Soft-iron, hard-iron and eddy-current field distortions were considered in the compensation system. In the estimation process, a higher-order shaping filter is designed to coincide the higher-order statistics of the alternative system with the input of the original system. Simulation results showed that our proposed method could accurately estimate the eddy-current field. Compared with methods that do not consider the eddy-current field, the root-mean-square error of the geomagnetic field could be reduced by more than 50%, thus significantly improving the accuracy of geomagnetic field measurement.
A minimum assumption approach to MEG sensor array design
Authors: Zhdanov Andrey , Nurminen Jussi , Iivanainen Joonas , Taulu Samu
Published: June 2023

Objective. Our objective is to formulate the problem of the magnetoencephalographic (MEG) sensor array design as a well-posed engineering problem of accurately measuring the neuronal magnetic fields. This is in contrast to the traditional approach that formulates the sensor array design problem in terms of neurobiological interpretability the sensor array measurements. Approach. We use the vector spherical harmonics (VSH) formalism to define a figure-of-merit for an MEG sensor array. We start with an observation that, under certain reasonable assumptions, any array of m perfectly noiseless sensors will attain exactly the same performance, regardless of the sensors’ locations and orientations (with the exception of a negligible set of singularly bad sensor configurations). We proceed to the conclusion that under the aforementioned assumptions, the only difference between different array configurations is the effect of (sensor) noise on their performance. We then propose a figure-of-merit that quantifies, with a single number, how much the sensor array in question amplifies the sensor noise. Main results. We derive a formula for intuitively meaningful, yet mathematically rigorous figure-of-merit that summarizes how desirable a particular sensor array design is. We demonstrate that this figure-of-merit is well-behaved enough to be used as a cost function for a general-purpose nonlinear optimization methods such as simulated annealing. We also show that sensor array configurations obtained by such optimizations exhibit properties that are typically expected of ‘high-quality’ MEG sensor arrays, e.g. high channel information capacity. Significance. Our work paves the way toward designing better MEG sensor arrays by isolating the engineering problem of measuring the neuromagnetic fields out of the bigger problem of studying brain function through neuromagnetic measurements.
Electrical and optical characteristics of radio-frequency atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge using anodic alumina barriers
Authors: Ashraf H , Qazi H I A , Khan M A , Hussain S
Published: June 2023

It is widely accepted that dielectrically insulated electrodes can control plasma contraction in radio frequency atmospheric pressure glow discharge at very large currents. It is also known that thin dielectric barriers maximize the permissible discharge current, thus boosting the reactive plasma species and enhancing the application efficacy. An experimental investigation of radio-frequency atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (rf APDBD) using a thin layer of a novel dielectric, anodic alumina grown by a wet electrochemical process to insulate electrodes is presented in this paper to demonstrate that rf APDBD with anodic alumina barriers remains stable and retains volume without contraction over a wide current range in the γ-mode. The electrical characterization of the rf APDBD is performed using an equivalent electric circuit model based on the measured electrical parameters. In normal glow discharge, the measured impedance data closely matched the simulated data. Optical emission spectroscopy demonstrated that a higher discharge current facilitated active plasma chemistry. The estimated excitation, vibrational, and gas temperatures indicate that rf APDBD with anodized electrodes is well suited for surface treatment and decontamination applications in open air.
Investigation of structure, thermal and dielectric study of Dy0.05Ba0.7Sr0.25TiO3/polystyrene nanocomposites
Authors: Abomostafa H M , Mansour Diaa-Eldin A , Mahani R M , Nasralla N H S
Published: June 2023

In the present study, Dy0.05Ba0.7Sr0.25TiO3 (Dy-BST) nanoparticles were prepared using the conventional solid-state reaction technique. Different volume fractions of Dy-BST (0, 5, 10, 15 & 20) were immersed in the polystyrene (PS) matrix, forming PS/Dy-BST nanocomposites, then their crystal structure, morphology, topography, thermal properties, electrical properties, breakdown voltage, and energy storage were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) validates the cubic phase of Dy-BST nanoparticles incorporated in PS/Dy-BST nanocomposites. The size of Dy-BST nanoparticles was in the range (8–18 nm) using HRTEM. Incorporating Dy-BST NPs into the polymer matrix improved the thermal stability and limited the thermal degradation of the nanocomposite. The loading of Dy-BST in PS has a positive effect on dielectric properties and breakdown strength. The permittivity (ε′) enhanced from 2 to 10 at a constant frequency of 105 Hz while a relatively high loss (tanδ) decreased from 0.0015 to 0.0011 with the increase of Dy-BST content in the PS matrix. Finally, dielectric strengths of PS/Dy-BST nanocomposites were evaluated using high voltage testing; then their corresponding energy densities were obtained. The energy density increased to 133% at a 10 vol.% loading of Dy-BST compared to pure polystyrene.
Opto-electronic properties of copper-zinc-sulfide thin films grown via metalorganic-chemical vapor deposition technique at different flow rates
Authors: Efe F O , Olofinjana B , Fasakin O , Adebisi C A , Eleruja M A , Fabunmi T G
Published: June 2023

In this work, copper zinc sulfide (CZS) ternary thin films were prepared from the pyrolysis of a Bis-(morpholinodithiato-s,s’)-Cu-Zn precursor using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition technique maintained at 450 °C in ambient nitrogen as the carrier gas. The deposition flow rate was varied to study its effect on the optoelectronic properties of CZS films. The particle-induced x-ray emission technique (PIXE) of the prepared single solid source precursor shows the presence of copper, zinc, and sulfur. The Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer of the precursor reveals the metal-metal bond attachment to the ligand at a very low wavenumber. The XRD spectra reveal the formation of the hexagonal closed-packed structure of CZS films with a preferred orientation along the [111] direction. The film crystallite size is found to increase from 10.4 to 12.2 nm as the flow rate increases, while the dislocation density and stress decrease as the deposition flow rate increases. The SEM analysis revealed an improvement in the growth rate of the grains as the flow rate increased. The transmittance of the deposited CZS films was found to increase from 58% to 84.2% in the infrared region with an increase in band gap from 3.08–3.64 eV as the flow rate increased. The deposited film shows ohmic properties and an increase in conductivity from 0.243 to 0.847 (

Ω

cm
)

−
1

,

while the resistivity decreases as the flow rate increases. These observations provide room for the deposited CZS film to serve as a potential material for optoelectronics and window layer solar cell devices.
Properties of the Airy beam by means of the quantum potential approach
Authors: Silva-Ortigoza Gilberto , Ortiz-Flores Jessica
Published: June 2023

By using the quantum potential approach, we show that: the Airy beam determines a Hamiltonian system with one degree of freedom for a particle of mass m = 1 evolving under the influence of a quantum potential, such that its associated quantum force is constant, the integral curves of the Poynting vector are parabolic ones and turn out to be a subset of solutions of the corresponding Hamilton equations, the geometrical light rays associated with the Airy beam, are given by the tangent lines to the zeroes of the quantum potential, and the caustic coincides with the zeros of the quantum potential. Furthermore, we present a derivation of the Airy beam from the quantum potential equations by assuming that the quantum force is constant.
Optical and thermal characterization of pure CuO and Zn/CuO using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), x-ray fluorescence (XRF), and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy techniques
Authors: Khan Muhammad Ilyas , Fayyaz Amir , Mushtaq Saadia , Asghar Haroon , Alrebdi Tahani A , Cabrera Humberto , Ali Raheel , Akbar Jehan
Published: June 2023

We present elemental analysis and thermal characterization of pure and two different concentrations of zinc-doped copper oxide (CuO) samples using different analytical techniques. The quantitative as well as qualitative investigations, were performed by incorporating calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) technique. The plasma was generated on the samples surface by focusing a first harmonic of Nd: YAG laser of 1064 nm wavelength and the time-integrated emission spectra was achieved through a set of five spectrometers equipped with a charge-coupled-device. The acquired optical emission spectra from laser-generated plasma show different concentrations of zinc and copper in different samples which are consistent with their percentage composition measured during the sample synthesis. Using LIBS emission analytical lines, the Boltzmann technique was utilized for estimating the excitation temperature, while the number density was evaluated using the well-known Stark broadening line profile method. Besides, the CF-LIBS elemental analysis was validated by the x-ray fluorescence technique. For the optical study, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopical analysis was performed to find the bandgap of pure and zinc-doped copper oxide samples and consequently, variation in bandgap was studied with the growth of zinc doping. In addition, the thermal properties of the samples were analyzed using the beam deflection spectroscopy technique. The results shows that thermal diffusivity (

D

) and thermal conductivity (

κ

), increased with an increase in zinc concentration.
Force and deformation analysis on the fully recovered support system of pressure anchor cable and steel module
Authors: Xu Jian , Ma Xiaoyun , Yu Zenghui , Ding Jihui , Yin Shubin
Published: June 2023

In order to overcome the technical defects of traditional foundation pit support technology, such as complex technology, serious pollution, waste of resources, and obstruction of the construction of surrounding underground structures, the fully recovered deep pit support system of pressure dispersion anchor cable and steel module is designed. The force of the compression anchor and the deformation of the modular is tested on-site. The test results show that: (1) The whole process of excavation to support slope roof immersion and stacking is safe, which verifies the correctness of the support design of pressure dispersion anchor cable and modular; (2) The soil restraint effect at the action of the recoverable pressure anchor cable is obvious, and the prestress loss is between 11.7% and 15% under continuous monitoring; according to the axial force of the anchor cable, the earth pressure acting on the module is calculated, and the results are consistent with the calculation results of the Terzaghi-Peck earth pressure mode; (3) According to the strain test acting on the module, the corresponding stress is calculated, and its stress value is consistent with the stress value of the plate fixed in the four corners under the action of earth pressure.
A simplified finite element method for failure analysis in adhesive-bonded nozzle diffuser of solid rocket motors
Authors: Fang Changqing , Lou Yongchun , Ma Xinjian , Zhu Rui , Tang Piaoping
Published: June 2023

The adhesive bond between the nozzle diffuser shell and the insulation layer of solid rocket motors (SRM) is widely used due to its lightweight, simple design, and easy operation. The mechanism of adhesive-bonded failure between them is a concern for designers. In this paper, a simplified finite element method for failure analysis in the adhesive-bonded nozzle diffuser of SRM is proposed. In the method, the diffuser shell, insulation layer, and adhesive between them are considered elastic. The maximum Von Mises stress failure criterion is assumed to be suitable for the adhesive. The adhesive-bonded failure is simulated by using the user subroutine VUSDFLD in the commercial Finite Element Analysis software ABAQUS. The method is verified to be simple but effective based on the comparison with experimental results. The adhesive-bonded failure process under external load can be well simulated, and the critical external load of adhesive-bonded failure can be accurately predicted. In addition, the method is utilized to study the failure of the nozzle diffuser with several kinds of original debonding. It is suggested that the original axial debonding ratio should be less than 60%, and the circumferential debonding angle should be smaller than 30° in the conical section of the nozzle diffuser.
High-temperature mechanical responses of the polyimide at a high strain rate
Authors: He He , Yin Jianping , Song Lifeng , Deng Qiong
Published: June 2023

Polyimide is one of the best super engineering materials in the world at present, and it is required to have high bearing capacity at specific temperature and strain rate because of the application environment. Therefore, the compressive mechanical properties of polyimide at different strain rates (10−3 s−1–4000 s−1) and temperatures (20 °C–350 °C) were researched. The experimental results show the sensitivity to temperatures and strain rates. However, the strain hardening rates decrease with the increase in temperature, and even the flow stress under dynamic compression is lower than that under quasi-static compression at large strain. In addition, it is found that the cracks show different characteristics under 4000 s−1 at different loading temperatures, which are tiny cracks at room temperature and deep and wide cracks due to the coupling of strain rate and thermal at 350 °C.
Baryon-rich QCD matter
Authors: Wambach Jochen
Published: June 2023

Properties of high-density strong-interaction matter of relevance for astrophysical scenarios that involve neutron stars are discussed. It is argued that theoretical and experimental insights from the small baryo-chemical potential (µB
) and high-temperature regions of the QCD phase diagram can guide realistic model building at high density, as this regime is currently not accessible to first-principles numerical calculations of the QCD partition function. Special attention is payed to the chiral properties of high-density matter and the nature of a possible first-order chiral phase transition. In this transition hadronic parity-partners, in particular baryons, become spectrally degenerate with finite (pole) masses, as expected from general insight into the mass generation in QCD. Possible signals in heavy-ion dielectron production at beam energies of a few GeV are discussed. Based on evidence for an emergent ”chiral spin symmetry” above the pseudo-critical chiral transition temperature at small µB
, speculations on the physical state of dense hadronic matter beyond the chiral phase transition are presented.
Photon propagation in magnetized dense quark matter. A possible solution for the missing pulsar problem.
Authors: Ferrer Efrain J
Published: June 2023

In this paper it is reviewed the topological properties and possible astrophysical consequences of a spatially inhomogeneous phase of quark matter, known as the Magnetic Dual Chiral Density Wave (MDCDW) phase, that can exist at intermediate baryon density in the presence of a magnetic field. Going beyond mean-field approximation, it is shown how linearly polarized electromagnetic waves penetrating the MDCDW medium can mix with the phonon fluctuations to give rise to two hybridized modes of propagation called as axion polaritons because of their similarity with certain modes found in condensed matter for topological magnetic insulators. The formation of axion polaritons in the MDCDW core of a neutron star can serve as a mechanism for the collapse of a neutron star under the bombardment of the gamma rays produced during gamma ray bursts. This mechanism can provide a possible solution to the missing pulsar problem in the galactic center.
Stellar stability in the presence of reacting interfaces: consequences for hybrid stars
Authors: Lugones Germán
Published: June 2023

If the surface tension of dense matter is high enough, a hybrid star composed of a quark matter core and a hadronic mantle may display a sharp interface. Perturbations of such a star may lead to conversion reactions occurring in the vicinity of the quark-hadron splitting surface. If the conversion timescale is much larger than the perturbation one (slow reactions), changes of stellar stability do occur at critical points of the M(R) curve. As a consequence, a new class of dynamically stable hybrid stars is possible. Densities tens of times larger than the nuclear saturation density could be attained at the center of these hypothetic objects. We examine possible formation mechanisms for this new class of hybrid configurations and explore potential observational signatures that could serve as evidence for their existence.