bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Local Participation in the Development of Klayar Beach Tourism in Pacitan Regency
Authors: Tamrin M. Husni , Raharja Wildan Taufik
Published: October 2021

This study aims to analyze the process of local participation in the development of Klayar Beach tourism in Pacitan Regency by looking at the compatibility between the dynamics of increasing tourists and the participation of local communities in development. From this, it is known to what extent the contribution and participation of local communities in tourism development participation efforts. The implication of this research is an explanation related to the results of the analysis of the gaps in the stages of participation by the local community as managers. The research method is descriptive analytic by using triangulation as a data analysis technique. The results show that local participation runs in all stages of the development of the Klayar Beach tourist area from the beginning, tourism issues, planning, implementation and governance, to monitoring and evaluation. The lack of local participation lies in participation in terms of anticipating tourist arrivals at certain times and moments, in which case the local community as managers experience limitations in terms of capacity. To overcome this, the researcher suggests that efforts be made to increase local capacity both in terms of quality and quantity so that local participation efforts can run optimally in the development and sustainability process, and be able to overcome unexpected problems through the role of participation. This effort also refers to the opinion of several experts who state that local participation is one of the main keys in developing the tourism sector
Problematics of Affirmative Action Policy Implementation of Women's Representation Quota in Surabaya City Election
Authors: Lestari Yuni , Gamaputra Gading , Nuzula Firdausi
Published: October 2021

The development of an increasingly modern era is no longer a guarantee that a society's culture can be freedom from patriarchy as a whole. The women's equality has increasingly opened up opportunities for women to be active in both the domestic and public areas. The policy for affirming the quota for women's representation was also formulated by following developments. The 30% quota policy for women's representation in political parties is one of the affirmative policies in realizing women's equality in politics in Indonesia. By using descriptive quantitative research methods, this study tries to describe how the implementation of the affirmation policy on the quota of women's representation can work. The results that can be obtained in this study include: (1) in every election process, both the registration process for prospective DPRD members, the process of establishing a temporary candidate list (DCS) and the process of determining the permanent candidate list (DCT) as a whole has complied with quota of 30% women's representation (2) However, it cannot be denied that at every stage of implementation of the policy, there are still many problems
Induction of CD73 Prevents Death after Emergency Open Aortic Surgery for a Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm – A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study
Authors: Hakovirta Harri , Jalkanen Juho , Saimanen Eija , Kukkonen Tiia , Romsi Pekka , Suominen Velipekka , Vikatmaa Leena , Valtonen Mika , Karvonen Matti , Venermo Maarit
Published: October 2021

Background: Mortality remains high after emergency open surgery for a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (RAAA). The aim of the present study was to assess, if intravenous (IV) Interferon (IFN) beta-1a improve survival after surgery by up-regulating Cluster of differentiation (CD73). Methods: This is a multi-center phase II double-blind, 2:1 randomized, parallel group comparison of the efficacy and safety of IV IFN beta-1a vs. placebo for the prevention of death after open surgery for an infra-renal RAAA. All study patients presented a confirmed infra-renal RAAA, survived the primary emergency surgery and were treated with IFN beta-1a (10μg) or matching placebo for 6 days after surgery. Major exclusion criteria included irreversible hemorrhagic shock, chronic renal replacement therapy, diagnosed liver cirrhosis, severe congestive heart failure, advanced malignant disease, primary attempt of endovascular aortic repair (EVAR), and per-operative suprarenal clamping over 30 minutes. Main outcome measure was all-cause mortality at day 30 (D30) from initial emergency aortic reconstruction. Results: The study was pre-maturely stopped due to a reported drug-drug interaction and was left under-powered. Out of 40 randomized patients 38 were included in the outcome analyses (27 IFN beta-1a and 11 placebo). There was no statistically significant difference between treatment groups at baseline. However, from surgery more open-abdomen and intestinal ischemia was present in the IFN beta-1a arm. D30 all-cause mortality was 22.2% (6/27) in the IFN beta-1a arm and 18.2% (2/11) in the placebo arm (OR 1.30; 95% CI, 0.21 – 8.19). The most common adverse event relating to the IFN beta-1a was pyrexia (20.7% in the IFN beta-1a arm vs. 9.1% in the placebo arm). High level of serum CD73 associated with survival (P = 0.001) whereas the use of glucocorticoids and the presence of IFN beta neutralizing antibodies associated with a poor CD73 response and survival.Conclusions: Due to the size of the study and several confounding factors a benefit from IFN beta-1a could not be determined. Survival after open RAAA surgery associated strongly with up-regulation of serum CD73. The use of glucocorticoids and IFN beta neutralizing antibodies blocked the up regulation of CD73. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03119701. Registered 19/04/2017 (retrospectively registered).
Comparison of Depolymerization of Chitosan into Chitooligosaccharides from the Shrimp Shell Waste of Parapeneopsis Stylifera by Non-Specific Enzymes
Authors: Renuka V. , Ravishankar Chandragiri Nagaraja Rao , Krishnamoorthy Elavarasan , Zynudheen Abubacker Aliyamveetil
Published: October 2021

Two different non-specific proteolytic enzymes (papain and pepsin) and two carbohydrase enzymes (α-amylase and β-amylase) were used for the depolymerization of chitosan to produce chitooligosaccharides (COS). The COS produced using papain, pepsin, α-amylase and β-amylase were characterized for physico-chemical, structural, thermal and antioxidant activities. Chitooligosaccharides produced using pepsin enzyme had higher solubility compared to other three COS. Structural variation of chitosan and their oligosaccharides were studied by FTIR analysis and it revealed the existence of various structural difference among the oligosaccharides and chitosan. Thermal behavior of chitosan and oligosaccharides were examined using DSC analysis, and it exhibits difference in the glass transition temperature among the four oligosaccharides and native chitosan. Anti-oxidant analysis such as DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power revealed the antioxidant ability of chitooligosaccharides. Among the four COS, pepsin-COS had the highest DPPH radical scavenging and reducing power activity. According to the patterns of molecular weight reduction, antioxidant properties, thermal behavior properties, four enzymes α- amylase, β-amylase, pepsin and papain found suitable for hydrolyzing chitosan into chitooligosaccharide. As it is superior to chitosan, chitooligosaccharide can be utilized in food industry as bio-preservatives to enhance the quality, safety and shelf life of the products.
Prevalence of Microalbuminuria and Associated Factors Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Jigjiga Town Public Hospitals, Somali Regional State, Ethiopia, 2020
Authors: Muse Abdilahi Ibrahim , Osman Mohamed Omar , Wedajo Girma Tadesse , Abate Kalkidan Hassen , Ibrahim Ahmed Mohammed , Yusuf Ramadan Budul , Abdi Abdulahi Siraj , Usman Sied Abdi , Abdi Abdulahi Aden , Daud Fuad Ismail
Published: October 2021

Background and AimUnder normal circumstances, a urine albumin excretion of 5-10 mg/L is considered to be normal. Micro-albuminuria is, however, defined as a level of albumin in the urine that is between 20 mcg/min, and 200 mcg/min (30-300mg/24h) with normal urine flow of 1 ml/min.The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of micro-albuminuria and associated factors among adult type two diabetes mellitus clients in public hospitals of Jigjiga town, Somali region, Ethiopia, from April 1 to July15, 2020Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study design was used from April 1 to July 15, 2020. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect a data from 204 Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients visiting at Karamara general and Jigjiga University referral hospitals for follow up. Descriptive statistics was computed. Logistic regression model was used to identify covariates using SPSS version 20. The direction and strength of statistical association was measured by odds ratio with 95 % CI and a P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: The prevalence of micro-albuminuria was 48.0% with [95% CI (41.2, 54.9)] Duration of DM between 11-20 years [AOR=3.71; 95% CI (1.45, 9.49)] Family history of hypertension [AOR=2.24; 95% CI: (1.02, 4.70)] Systolic blood pressure [AOR=3.36; 95% CI:(1.39, 8.13)], Low density lipoprotein [AOR=5.60; 95%CI: (2.22,14.11)] High density lipoprotein [AOR=5.210;95%CI:(2.067,13.131)] and Glycated hemoglobin [AOR = 3.246; 95% CI (1.356, 7.78)] were significantly associated with micro-albuminuriaConclusion: There is a significant level of micro-albuminuria among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Effective secondary prevention program directed on blood glucose and lipid with steps to improve blood pressure are critical in undertaking in the setting and regular screening of micro-albuminuria is needed so that an early preventive and treatment measures against its burden are put in place.
A Blumgart-Anastomosis Based Half-Invagination Pancreaticoenterostomy With Better Applicability to Laparoscopy and Lower Incidence of Pancreatic Leakage
Authors: Sun Qiang , Peng Peng , Gong Xueyi , Wu Jianlong , Zhang Qiao , Hu Zhipeng , Chang Xiaojian , Hu Zemin
Published: October 2021

Background The Blumgart anastomosis has been established as one of the safest anastomoses for pancreas remnant reconstruction, with low rates of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) and postoperative complications. However, how to make laparoscopic pancreaticoenterostomy easier and safer is still a subject to be discussed. Methods Data of patients undergoing laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy from April 2014 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Results 20 cases of half-invagination anastomosis (Group HI) and 26 cases of Cattell-warren anastomosis (Group CW) were included. Intraoperative blood loss, Operative time and Postoperative drainage tube placement time of Group HI was significantly less than those of Group CW. Patients of Clavien-Dindo grade III and above in Group HI was significantly less than Control Group. Group Incidence of POPF in Group HI was significantly lower than that in Group CW. No high-risk group emerged during Fistula risk score analytical phase, and the highest risk of moderate-risk group was pancreatic leakage. Respectively, incidence of pancreatic leakage in Group HI and Group CW was 7.7% and 46.67%, while incidence of Group HI was significantly lower than that in the Group CW. Conclusions The Blumgart-anastomosis based half-invagination pancreaticoenterostomy with better applicability to laparoscopy can effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative pancreatic leakage.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Grading of Pituitary Macroadenoma- SIPAP Classification Revisited.
Authors: Anwar Shayan Sirat Maheen , Hilal Kiran , Khan Anam , Ahmad Asra
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUNDMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is regarded as the modality of choice in diagnosis of pituitary adenomas. Since surgery is the first line therapy for all pituitary adenomas with exception of prolactinoma, simple and reproducible MRI classification based on major directions of tumour growth is an essential tool providing the exact road map for right surgical approach and maximum safe resection.SIPAP MRI classification for pituitary adenomas is derived from KNOSP-STEINER classification of parasellar growth, to which has been added grading for superior, inferior, anterior and posterior tumour extension.We, therefore, propose to incorporate SIPAP classification in routine reporting template of pituitary adenomas, for ideal radiological description of tumour delineation, relationship to juxtasellar structures, and tumour size, hence facilitating greater success rate in surgical and subsequent clinical management.METHODSTwo radiologists retrospectively reviewed imaging of 49 patients with biopsy-proven pituitary macroadenoma and graded according to SIPAP classification. Study was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital from 1st July 2019 to 30th June 2020. Data was analyzed using Stata version 15. Interobserver variability was calculated using Cohen’s Kappa. Comparison between grading before and after treatment was performed by Chi-square test. P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.RESULTSSixty three percent patients were male and 37% female. Overall, maximum preoperative and postoperative volume was 71.82 cm3 and 49.50 cm3 respectively, with significant difference in pre and post-operative volumes (14.1±17.7 vs. 4.5±10.4, p-value <0.001). Length showed most significant difference pre and post-operatively (2.4±1.1 vs. 1.3±1.1, p-value <0.001). Individual tumour extensions according to SIPAP for pre- and post-operative grading showed significant difference (p-value <0.001), except for anterior extension. For suprasellar extension, 67.3% patients had pre-operative grade 3 and 63.3% had post-operative grade 0. For infrasellar extension, 51.0% had pre-operative grade 2 and 71.4% had post-operative grade 0. Anterior, posterior and parasellar extensions showed increased frequency in grade 0 in post-operative stage compared to pre-operative. Substantial inter-observer agreement was achieved for Superior, Inferior, Anterior and Posterior extent with all Kappa statistics values above 0.7 (p-value <0.001).CONCLUSIONWe propose incorporating simple and objective SIPAP classification in routine MR reporting for ideal pituitary tumour delineation, relationship to juxtasellar structures and tumour size.
Optimization of in-Process Conditioning Parameters During Face Plunge Grinding of PcBN
Authors: Denkena Berend , Krödel-Worbes Alexander , Müller-Cramm Dominik
Published: October 2021

Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PcBN) is an extremely hard material. Machining of the material is performed by grinding with diamond tools. Due to its high hardness, the grinding tools underlie a severe microscopic and macroscopic tool wear. This wear leads to a short tool life and results in high effort in conditioning the abrasive layer. Contrary to the usual conditioning of diamond grinding wheels with diamond dressing tools, this study investigates a conditioning process based entirely on the use of white corundum cup rolls. These conditioning tools allow the in-process face plunge conditioning of vitrified bond diamond grinding tools. The circumferential speed of the conditioning tool and the average grain diameter of the corundum are identified as the main factors influencing the topography of the generated grinding layer. To describe the performance of the conditioning process, a specific conditioning removal rate Q’sd is derived. This parameter represents a cumulated variable that allows a comparison of different conditioning strategies. It is shown that an increase in Q'sd significantly counteracts microscopic wear on the abrasive layer. Therefore, optimized process parameters enable the process of in-process conditioning to significantly reduce the wear on the grinding tool without increasing the process time or the non-productive time.
T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia with Atypical Immunophenotypes: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis of 17 Cases
Authors: Guo Jing-jing , Cao Lei , Zhu Hua-yuan , Miao Yi , Du Xin-yi , Wu Yu-jie , Wang Li , Xu Wei , Li Jian-yong , Fan Lei
Published: October 2021

Purpose

T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia (T-LGLL) is characterized by expansion of cytotoxic T cells expressing αβ T cell receptor (TCR), CD2, surface CD3, CD8, CD57 as well as cytotoxic molecules. Atypical immunophenotypes of T-LGLL, including γδ TCR and CD4, reported in a small subset, remains to be well-defined.
Methods

We retrospectively analyzed immunophotypes and clinicopathologic features of 96 T-LGLL cases.
Results

We found a total of 17 cases with atypical immunophenotypes including 9 TCRγδ + cases and 8 CD4+ TCRαβ + cases. Pure red cell aplasia was less common in atypical immunophenotypes patients compared to that of typical immunophenotypes [0/17 (0%) vs. 26/79 (32.9%), p=0.005]. STAT3 mutations were also less frequent in atypical immunophenotypes cases, although accompanied with marginal significance (p=0.086).
Conclusion

Patients with atypical immunophenotypes showed a similar survival outcome to that of typical T-LGLL immunophenotypes. Additional efforts were needed to better understand the pathogenesis of these rare atypical immunophenotypes T-LGLL cases.
Interrelations among frustration-free models via Witten's conjugation
Authors: Wouters Jurriaan , Katsura Hosho , Schuricht Dirk
Published: October 2021

We apply Witten’s conjugation argument [Nucl. Phys. B 202, 253
(1982)] to spin chains, where it allows us to derive frustration-free
systems and their exact ground states from known results. We
particularly focus on \mathbb{Z}_pℤp-symmetric
models, with the Kitaev and Peschel–Emery line of the axial next-nearest
neighbour Ising (ANNNI) chain being the simplest examples. The approach
allows us to treat two \mathbb{Z}_3ℤ3-invariant
frustration-free parafermion chains, recently derived by Iemini et
al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 170402 (2017)] and Mahyaeh and Ardonne [Phys.
Rev. B 98, 245104 (2018)], respectively, in a unified framework. We
derive several other frustration-free models and their exact ground
states, including \mathbb{Z}_4ℤ4-
and \mathbb{Z}_6ℤ6-symmetric
generalisations of the frustration-free ANNNI chain.
Economic recovery in the world and in the United States at the beginning of the third decade
Authors: Aksenov P. A.
Published: October 2021

The speed of the economic is estimated to improve at the beginning of the third decade. After pandemic stress and economic restrictions of the last year, the domestic product of the world is expected to grow during the current year, with G 20 countries (as a whole), and especially China, doing better than the world and much better than for example the countries of the euro zone. The economic activities in the United States, after slowing at the end of the last year; tend to grow higher than the major advanced economies in Europe are projected. Different economic growth rates are also among the sectors, and the economies that most dependent on travel, tourism, other services suffer most. As to world merchandise trade it shows returning to pre-pandemic levels. But time is needed for consumer confidence recovering progress, labour market improving, losses due to increased poverty. Meanwhile the fiscal support continues growing with records leading, for example, in the United States to budget deficit exceeding one of the last year. The effects of the planned fiscal stimulus remain mainly uncertain concerning both economic activities and the prospects of raising tax revenues to moderate the speed of growing budget deficit.
Main directions and possible economic consequences of Baiden's migration policy
Authors: Sadovaya E. S.
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes the directions and economic consequences of the immigration policy pursued by the Biden administration in the context of global shifts taking place in the modern world, as well as taking into account the peculiarities of the development of the internal political situation in the country. Today we can talk about the transitional state of the entire global system of social relations, we can talk about the situation of world transition that humanity is going through, which is reflected in the instability of the modern world, in the state of general uncertainty that society is experiencing. The growing chaos inevitably accompanies the process of destruction of the old order of things – institutions, mechanisms of interaction, actors; it has a significant impact even on countries in which there were no doubts about the stability of the situation before. We observe a picture of the growing fragility of the foundations of social existence today in the United States, which until recently was the only and unconditional world economic and political leader. The current situation both in the country and in the world is unlikely to allow the American president to ignore the realities of life, including economic ones, being completely in captivity of a purely ideological discourse, and this is already happening.
Molecular Insights of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Molecular
Treatments
Authors: Abdurrahman Lama , Fang Xiaoqian , Zhang Yonghong
Published: October 2021

The coronavirus disease emerged in December 2019 (COVID-19) is caused
by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Its rapid
global spread has brought an international health emergency and urgent responses for
seeking efficient prevention and therapeutic treatment. This has led to imperative needs
for illustration of the molecular pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2, identification of molecular
targets or receptors, and development of antiviral drugs, antibodies, and vaccines. In
this study, we investigated the current research progress in combating SARS-CoV-2
infection. Based on the published research findings, we first elucidated, at the molecular
level, SARS-CoV-2 viral structures, potential viral host-cell-invasion, pathogenic
mechanisms, main virus-induced immune responses, and emerging SARS-CoV-2
variants. We then focused on the main virus- and host-based potential targets and
summarized and categorized effective inhibitory molecules based on drug development
strategies for COVID-19 that can guide efforts for the identification of new drugs and
treatment for this problematic disease. Current research and development of antibodies
and vaccines were also introduced and discussed. We concluded that the main virus
entry route- SARS-CoV-2 spike protein interaction with ACE2 receptors played a key
role in guiding the development of therapeutic treatments against COVID-19. Four main
strategies may be considered in developing molecular therapeutics, and drug
repurposing is likely to be an easy, fast and low-cost approach in such a short period of
time with urgent need of antiviral drugs. Additionally, the quick development of antibody
and vaccine candidates has yielded promising results, but the wide-scale deployment of
safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines remains paramount in solving the pandemic
crisis. As new variants of the virus emerge, the efficacy of these vaccines and
treatments must be closely evaluated. Finally, we discussed the possible challenges of
developing molecular therapeutics for COVID-19 and suggested some potential future
efforts. Despite the limited availability of literature, our attempt in this work to provide a
relatively comprehensive overview of current SARS-CoV-2 studies can be helpful for
quickly acquiring the key information of COVID-19 and further promoting this important
research to control and diminish the pandemic.
Computational Exploration of Anti-Cancer Potential of GUAIANE Dimers from Xylopia
vielana by Targeting B-Raf Kinase Using Chemo-Informatics, Molecular Docking,
and MD Simulation Studies
Authors: Shams ul Hassan Syed , Abbas Syed Qamar , Hassan Mubashir , Jin Hui-Zi
Published: October 2021

Background:

Natural products from herbs are abundant and display powerful anti-cancer activities.

Objectives:

In the current study, B-Raf kinase protein (PDB: 3OG7), a potent target for melanoma, was tested against
two guaiane-type sesquiterpene dimers, xylopin E-F, obtained from Xylopia vielana.

Methods:

In this work, a systematic in silico study using ADMET analysis, bioactivity score forecasts, and molecular
docking along with its simulations was conducted to understand compounds’ pharmacological properties.

Results:

During ADMET predictions of both the compounds, xylopin E-F displayed a safer profile in hepatotoxicity
and cytochrome inhibition, and only xylopin F was shown to be non-cardiotoxic compared to the FDA-approved drug
vemurafenib. Both the compounds were proceeded to molecular docking experiments using Autodock docking software,
and both the compounds, xylopin E-F, displayed higher binding potential with -11.5Kcal/mol energy compared
to control vemurafenib (-10.2 Kcal/mol). All the compounds were further evaluated for their MD simulations, and their
molecular interactions with the B-Raf kinase complex displayed precise interactions with the active gorge of the enzyme
by hydrogen bonding.

Conclusions:

Overall, xylopin F had a better profile relative to xylopin E and vemurafenib, and these findings indicated
that this bio-molecule could be used as an anti-melanoma agent and as a possible anti-cancer drug in the future.
Therefore, this is a systematically optimized in silico approach for creating an anti-cancer pathway for guaiane dimers
against the backdrop of its potential for future drug development.
Effect of Petroleum Products on the Larvicidal Activity of Aedes Mosquitoes in Ika North-East LGA, Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Ojianwuna Cynthia C. , Enwemiwe Victor N. , Erhunmwun Sunny E.
Published: October 2021

Aims:

The recent yellow fever outbreak in Delta State, especially in Ika North East local government, triggered the need for this study.

Background:

Diseases caused by Aedes are by far raising serious concerns in the world.

Objective:

To evaluate the larvicidal activity on the use of petroleum products in the control of Aedes mosquitoes.

Methods:

Mosquito species were collected using 350ml deep ladle and identified in the field using their resting positions in their local habitats. Larvae and pupae were separately exposed to 0.005, 0.01, and 0.02%ml of kerosene and petrol in single and mixed forms. The experimental sets were triplicated. Data was analyzed using ANOVA and Turkey’s test to compare mortality, and time of mortality. LC50 and LC95 were computed using Probit analysis.

Results:

Results revealed that all concentrations of treatment caused complete mortality in larvae except in 0.005%ml and 0.01%ml of kerosene alone and kerosene and petrol mixture at 50 minutes of exposure. All concentrations of treatment equally caused complete mortality in pupae except in 0.005%ml of kerosene (Mean= 10.00) at 30 minutes. The differences between mortality and time mortality records were significant (p< 0.05). Kerosene and petrol mixture and kerosene alone had the lower LC50 and LC95 0.0021 and 0.0088ml respectively in the larvae group. Kerosene and petrol mixture had lower LC50 and LC95 0.0037 and 0.0050, respectively.

Conclusion:

Therefore, scaling up this intervention on a large scale in endemic areas would reduce larvae density and disease outbreaks.
Users’ Experiences With the NoHoW Web-Based Toolkit With Weight and Activity Tracking in Weight Loss Maintenance: Long-term Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mattila Elina , Hansen Susanne , Bundgaard Lise , Ramsey Lauren , Dunning Alice , Silva Marlene N , Harjumaa Marja , Ermes Miikka , Marques Marta M , Matos Marcela , Larsen Sofus C , Encantado Jorge , Santos Inês , Horgan Graham , O'Driscoll Ruairi , Turicchi Jake , Duarte Cristiana , Palmeira António L , Stubbs R James , Heitmann Berit Lilienthal , Lähteenmäki Liisa
Published: October 2021

Background

Digital behavior change interventions (DBCIs) offer a promising channel for providing health promotion services. However, user experience largely determines whether they are used, which is a precondition for effectiveness.

Objective

The primary aim of this study is to evaluate user experiences with the NoHoW Toolkit (TK)—a DBCI that targets weight loss maintenance—over a 12-month period by using a mixed methods approach and to identify the main strengths and weaknesses of the TK and the external factors affecting its adoption. The secondary aim is to objectively describe the measured use of the TK and its association with user experience.

Methods

An 18-month, 2×2 factorial randomized controlled trial was conducted. The trial included 3 intervention arms receiving an 18-week active intervention and a control arm. The user experience of the TK was assessed quantitatively through electronic questionnaires after 1, 3, 6, and 12 months of use. The questionnaires also included open-ended items that were thematically analyzed. Focus group interviews were conducted after 6 months of use and thematically analyzed to gain deeper insight into the user experience. Log files of the TK were used to evaluate the number of visits to the TK, the total duration of time spent in the TK, and information on intervention completion.

Results

The usability level of the TK was rated as satisfactory. User acceptance was rated as modest; this declined during the trial in all the arms, as did the objectively measured use of the TK. The most appreciated features were weekly emails, graphs, goal setting, and interactive exercises. The following 4 themes were identified in the qualitative data: engagement with features, decline in use, external factors affecting user experience, and suggestions for improvements.

Conclusions

The long-term user experience of the TK highlighted the need to optimize the technical functioning, appearance, and content of the DBCI before and during the trial, similar to how a commercial app would be optimized. In a trial setting, the users should be made aware of how to use the intervention and what its requirements are, especially when there is more intensive intervention content.

Trial Registration

ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN88405328; https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN88405328

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029425
Online Search Behavior Related to COVID-19 Vaccines: Infodemiology Study
Authors: An Lawrence , Russell Daniel M , Mihalcea Rada , Bacon Elizabeth , Huffman Scott , Resnicow Ken
Published: October 2021

Background

Vaccination against COVID-19 is an important public health strategy to address the ongoing pandemic. Examination of online search behavior related to COVID-19 vaccines can provide insights into the public's awareness, concerns, and interest regarding COVID-19 vaccination.

Objective

The aim of this study is to describe online search behavior related to COVID-19 vaccines during the start of public vaccination efforts in the United States.

Methods

We examined Google Trends data from January 1, 2021, through March 16, 2021, to determine the relative search volume for vaccine-related searches on the internet. We also examined search query log data for COVID-19 vaccine-related searches and identified 5 categories of searches: (1) general or other information, (2) vaccine availability, (3) vaccine manufacturer, (4) vaccine side-effects and safety, and (5) vaccine myths and conspiracy beliefs. In this paper, we report on the proportion and trends for these different categories of vaccine-related searches.

Results

In the first quarter of 2021, the proportion of all web-based search queries related to COVID-19 vaccines increased from approximately 10% to nearly 50% of all COVID-19–related queries (P<.001). A majority of COVID-19 vaccine queries addressed vaccine availability, and there was a particularly notable increase in the proportion of queries that included the name of a specific pharmacy (from 6% to 27%; P=.01). Queries related to vaccine safety and side-effects (<5% of total queries) or specific vaccine-related myths (<1% of total queries) were uncommon, and the relative frequency of both types of searches decreased during the study period.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates an increase in online search behavior related to COVID-19 vaccination in early 2021 along with an increase in the proportion of searches related to vaccine availability at pharmacies. These findings are consistent with an increase in public interest and intention to get vaccinated during the initial phase of public COVID-19 vaccination efforts.
Prevalence of Smartphone Addiction and Associated Ocular Problem in Young Population Of U.P, India
Authors: Yadav Priti
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Through the technological development mobile phone entered in our lives which becoming the most commonly used technical device. The telecom technology (smart phones mainly) development has profound impact on lives of the students. It has more advantages, it enhance or improvise our knowledge , increase more activity in less time but sometimes it act as a harmful device by the excessive usage , on our young generation . It becomes adductor device in young population. Purpose- the main purpose of this study is used to find the impact on users -academic performance, daily activities, physical and mental health, social relationships, ocular problems, and withdrawal tendency. Design- This study is based on the young age group. A complete descriptive questionnaire based study. Method - Total 100 students were included in this study, mainly young age group between 18 to 25 years. 20 questions was structured in Google form and then sent to the student through their mobile phone. Their working hour on the smart phones, component of applications which were they most used. Result - This study proved the level of mobile phone addiction scale, their physical, mental and behavioral changes. Ocular problems found such as Dry eye, headache, blurred vision, eyestrain, neck and shoulder pain, fatigue and red eye also general health problem like pain in wrist, index finger, phalanges etc. Conclusion - the data collected from 100 students shows mobile addiction was determined to relate to withdrawal, tolerance and salience. The most common ocular causes was dry eye, blurred vision, eye strain, headache are recorded in this study. Keywords: Smartphone’s addiction, human machine interaction, mobile phones functions, increase impatience, daily life routine disturbance, behavioral changes.
RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS (RSU): PERCEPÇÃO AMBIENTAL DOS MORADORES DO BAIRRO MARACANÃ, BARRA DO BUGRES - MT
Authors: Santos Diego Matos dos , Oliveira Leandro José de , Andrade Ana Paula Silva de , Pádua Junior Carlos Rezende de , Melo Sônia Aparecida Beato Ximenes de
Published: October 2021

O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com a perspectiva de investigar a forma como os moradores e a administração pública da cidade de Barra do Bugres-MT tratam os resíduos sólidos urbanos, pois questões relacionadas aos problemas ambientais vem ganhando destaque na sociedade contemporânea. Nesse contexto, este trabalho objetivou analisar a percepção ambiental dos moradores do bairro Maracanã no município de Barra do Bugres-MT, em relação aos Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU). A pesquisa foi estruturada de forma qualiquantitativa, tendo como instrumento de coleta de dados a aplicação de questionários semiestruturados. O período de aplicação dos questionários ocorreu entre os meses de abril e maio de 2020. No total foram aplicados a quantia de 117 questionários. Os resultados identificaram que 70,09% dos entrevistados acreditam que o poder público é responsável por coletar os resíduos sólidos urbanos, porém, 61,54% afirmam que é por falta de educação e/ou zelo dos moradores que os resíduos são jogados em lugares inapropriados. Para 51,28% dos respondentes a melhor solução para evitar os danos ambientais seria a fiscalização e multa. Nesse cenário, 52,99% dos respondentes relataram que o poder público poderia fazer mais pela cidade referente a questão ambiental, pois, 64,96% diz que não existe nenhuma política ou projeto para os RSU. O estudo revelou que na cidade não existe coleta seletiva, assim, é importante que o poder público desenvolva projetos como Ecopontos, programas e ações de Educação Ambiental que promovam à adequação dos procedimentos de coleta e destinação dos RSU.
PAISAGEM CULTURAL E AS FAZENDAS DO PIAUÍ/BRASIL - SÉCULOS XVII-XX
Authors: Melo Neuza Brito de Arêa Leão , Machado Neli Teresinha Galarce
Published: October 2021

As fazendas estabelecidas entre os séculos XVII e XX são os alvos da presente pesquisa, por serem, ao longo do tempo, grandes motivadoras econômicas e indutoras da formação do Piauí e, ainda, da urbanização de algumas das cidades mais antigas do Estado. A partir de seu estudo, busca-se compreender as diversas formas de adaptação e transformação do meio ambiente, além de dar visibilidade e reconhecimento ao patrimônio rural piauiense e sua paisagem cultural. Desse modo, objetiva-se apresentar um contexto geral das fazendas do Piauí, fundadas entre os séculos XVII e XX a partir da arquitetura e das relações ambientais e históricas entre os diversos sujeitos e espaços, por meio da compreensão dos aspectos contextuais envolventes e de alguns conceitos norteadores. Essa pesquisa tem perfil exploratório, é descritiva e explicativa, utilizando-se da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. A partir da análise feita constatou-se a relevância desses espaços na produção de lugares e de paisagens culturais que envolvem o pensar acerca do meio ambiente piauiense.
ESTRATÉGIAS DIDÁTICAS PARA GARANTIR A EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL E O ODS 4 – EDUCAÇÃO DE QUALIDADE NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL: UM ENFOQUE NO BIOMA CAATINGA
Authors: Bezerra Letícia Gabriele Da Silva , Rodrigues Júlia Rélene De Freitas
Published: October 2021

A Educação Ambiental (EA) formal e a meta 4.7 do Objetivo do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) – 4 Educação de Qualidade possuem como propósito a educação para o desenvolvimento sustentável, podendo assim, juntas, serem empregadas no ambiente escolar, respeitando-se o contexto local e/ou regional dos/das alunos(as) em sala de aula. Logo, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar estratégias didáticas que garantam a inserção da EA e o ODS 4 – Educação de Qualidade no ensino fundamental, com enfoque no bioma Caatinga, possibilitando aos/as professores(as) estratégias de fácil desenvolvimento no âmbito escolar. Utilizou-se da pesquisa bibliográfica e da experiência das autoras para seleção das estratégias didáticas apresentadas e discutidas. Gincanas, brincadeiras, horta, cinema e músicas são estratégias que os/as professores(as) podem fazer uso em sala de aula para garantir a EA e o ODS 4 – Educação de Qualidade com enfoque na Caatinga, estimulando a participação dos/das alunos(as) durante as aulas, e formando cidadãos(ãs) conscientes de suas ações com o ambiente.
DA SMART GOVERNANCE ÀS SMART CITIES. REFLEXÕES COMPARATIVAS SOBRE O CAMINHO TRILHADO E O FUTURO DESEJADO COM BASE NO EXEMPLO DE DUAS CIDADES PORTUGUESAS
Authors: Mendes Ireneu De Oliveira , Correia Pedro Miguel Alves Ribeiro , Serra Alexandre Dias Carreiro Santos
Published: October 2021

O conceito de smart city surgiu na cidade de Amsterdão e está cada vez mais dissipado por todo o mundo. As smart cities assumem-se cada vez mais fundamentais para as novas realidades que o planeta enfrenta, quer ao nível de sustentabilidade, das tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC), como de muitos outros setores. Neste artigo, pretende-se demonstrar a importância do conceito smart governance no desenvolvimento das smart cities. Como metodologia, desenvolveram-se duas entrevistas: uma primeira a um chefe de gabinete do município de Coimbra, e uma segunda a um vereador do município de Aveiro, de forma a proceder-se a um estudo comparado entre estas duas cidades e as cidades de Lisboa e Amsterdão. Com base nas entrevistas realizadas, retiraram-se análises distintas de duas cidades em momentos distintos, com velocidades evolutivas distintas: Aveiro, uma cidade de notável evolução tecnológica, não só a nível universitário, mas também ao nível camarário, através do desenvolvimento de projetos de grande dimensão e de potencial fortemente inovador. Por outro lado, Coimbra, uma cidade histórica, situada no centro litoral de Portugal, que apenas nos últimos anos tem começado a acompanhar estas mudanças prementes.
UMA ANÁLISE EM POLÍTICA LINGUÍSTICA DO PORTUGUÊS COMO LÍNGUA CRÍTICA E DE PRÁTICAS TRANSCULTURAIS EM UM CONTEXTO ESTADUNIDENSE
Authors: Guth Alencar
Published: October 2021

De acordo com Shohamy (2006, p. xv-xvi), a “[p]olítica linguística [...] precisa ser entendida por uma perspectiva mais ampla, que envolva mecanismos, políticas e práticas, assim como o conjunto de negociações, conversas e batalhas que ocorrem entre eles.” Nesse sentido, pretendo apresentar uma análise de uma política linguística de ensino de português como língua adicional (PLA) a partir de algumas de suas multifaces: desde a mais formal e explícita até a(s) mais implícita(s), construída(s) em práticas linguísticas em sala de aula. Em outras palavras, apresentarei um contexto de ensino de PLA em que, por um lado, o português é considerado uma língua crítica para o governo norte-americano, enquanto, por outro lado, a língua se constitui em práticas de poesia nipo-brasileira nas atividades em aula. Desse modo, o intuito do trabalho é problematizar essas políticas linguísticas não só como mecanismos de poder estatal, mas como práticas linguísticas e transculturais, nas quais o(a) professor(a) é agente das políticas e não apenas uma peça do mecanismo. Para isso, a partir da Política Linguística como campo de atividades (RAJAGOPALAN, 2013), são analisadas algumas informações sobre o contexto em que a pesquisa ocorre, bem como alguns resultados de trabalhos realizados em sala de aula e publicados em uma revista cultural. Por fim, além de compartilhar materiais didáticos, anseio proporcionar reflexões sobre a agência docente (PRIESTLEY; BIESTA; ROBINSON, 2015) como parte dessas políticas linguísticas.
O SENTIMENTO DO FALANTE NOS MANUSCRITOS SAUSSURIANOS
Authors: Vargas Stawinski Aline , Ely Milano Luiza
Published: October 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo abordar o conceito de falante a partir dos estudos de Ferdinand de Saussure, relacionando-o ao termo sentimento presente nas fontes manuscritas. Há duas formas pelas quais o sentimento é tomado na leitura saussuriana: como sentimento do falante e como sentimento da langue. Lançamos mão do léxico de Rudolf Engler (1968) e do levantamento terminológico realizado por Giuseppe Cosenza (2016) a fim de analisar as implicações do termo para a reflexão linguística saussuriana. A ambiguidade entre sentimento do falante e sentimento da langue, promovida pela própria leitura das fontes, ampara a aproximação teórica entre falante e langue – conceitos fundamentais à reflexão teórica de base saussuriana. Vemos a noção de sentimento, assim, como um princípio epistemológico capaz de fundamentar a problemática da delimitação das unidades linguísticas na cadeia discursiva, promovendo a indissociabilidade entre langue e parole.
A INTERAÇÃO DISCURSIVA EM ENUNCIADOS CONCRETOS EM CIRCULAÇÃO NO TWITTER
Authors: Aloísio de Medeiros Dantas  , Manassés Morais Xavier  , Marques de Melo Raniere
Published: October 2021

Este artigo investigou a inter-relação entre discurso e sociedade, tendo como escopo o olhar para processos de interações discursivas ocorridas em redes sociais digitais, especificamente, no Twitter. Para tanto, tem os estudos da Análise Dialógica do Discurso, do Círculo de Bakhtin, como fundamento teórico, sobretudo, os conceitos de enunciado concreto e de suas possíveis réplicas. Objetivou-se compreender a circulação de enunciados concretos em postagens e em comentários on line nas contas de duas pessoas públicas no Twitter, a saber: o ex-ministro da Educação, Abraham Weintraub, e a deputada federal pelo estado do Rio de Janeiro, Jandira Feghali. Nessas condições, trata-se de uma pesquisa netnográfica e o evento motivador que gerenciou a produção dos enunciados na rede ocorreu em 08/03/2021, quando o ministro do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), Edson Fachin, anulou as condenações ao ex-presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva em relação à Operação Lava Jato. Do ponto de vista dos resultados, os dados analisados inserem as redes sociais como ecossistemas comunicativos que aguçam a circulação de discursos vários, reforçando a perspectiva do Círculo de Bakhtin que apregoa a necessidade de que a palavra e outras linguagens querem sempre ser ouvidas e, além desse movimento, querem sempre ser respondidas em um exercício dialógico de compreensões e de respostas a enunciados concretos.
[ID 57116] PERCEPÇÕES E VIVÊNCIAS DE MULHERES IDOSAS SOBRE A SEXUALIDADE NA VELHICE: A REDESCOBERTA DA ALEGRIA DE VIVER
Authors: Machado Fonseca Nelma , Rodrigues Pereira Aline , Santos Souza Meriele , Henrique Santos da Cruz Guilherme , Dos Santos Souza Camilla , Rossi Barbosa Medeiros Mirna , Ribeiro Lima Emerson , Alves Barbosa Teles Mariza
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Conhecer as percepções e vivências de mulheres idosas pertencentes a um grupo de convivência acerca de sua sexualidade. Metodologia: Trata-se uma pesquisa qualitativa com abordagem descritiva, cuja coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da técnica de grupo focal com 23 idosas, com idade entre 60 e 80 anos. Para análise das informações foi utilizada a técnica de análise de conteúdo temática e o referencial teórico do interacionismo simbólico. Resultados: Percebeu-se que o grupo pesquisado possui um notável conhecimento sobre o assunto sexualidade; a maioria das entrevistadas reconhece que as mudanças fisiológicas podem limitar o ato sexual, mas referem à descoberta de novos caminhos para a sexualidade; o preconceito da sociedade em relação à sexualidade no envelhecer, a sua condição de viuvez e morar sozinha representaram limitações para o vivenciar da sexualidade na velhice. Conclusão: A participação no grupo de convivência trouxe mudanças significativas nas vidas das idosas, como autoconfiança, desejo de viver e perda da timidez em relação às questões da sexualidade. Torna-se necessário que a sociedade e, especialmente, os profissionais de saúde conheçam o significado da sexualidade para a mulher idosa, a fim de reduzir o preconceito que existe em relação a essa temática durante o processo de envelhecimento.
Primary Large B Cell Lymphoma of the Cervix: A Case Report and review of literature
Authors: Aminimoghaddam Soheila , Salarifar Elnaz , Teymoordash Somayyeh Noei
Published: October 2021

Abstract The primary diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the
uterine cervix is extremely rare. In the present study, we described two
cases of DLBCL of the uterine cervix in reproductive-aged women
complaining of postcoital bleeding, recurrent vaginal discharge, and
abnormal uterine bleeding.
Occurrence of malformed calves in April - May 2021 indicates an unnoticed 2020 emergence of Schmallenberg virus in Denmark
Authors: Agerholm Jorgen , Wernike Kerstin
Published: October 2021

During the European emergence of Schmallenberg virus (SBV) in 2011,
examination of Culicoides spp. showed that SBV infected midges
were present across Denmark. However, SBV associated malformations in
ruminant species have not been reported in Denmark. In April 2021, seven
calves with severe congenital generalized arthrogryposis and reduced
body weight originating from a narrow region of the Jutlandic peninsula
were submitted for examination. Analysis of fetal brain tissue for SBV
viral RNA and pleural effusion for fetal anti-SBV antibodies identified
SBV as the cause of the congenital syndrome. Backwards calculation from
the calving dates indicated the occurrence of an unnoticed emergence of
SBV in Denmark from early August 2020 and during the late summer and
autumn. As SBV associated malformations may lead to dystocia urging for
fetotomy or Cesarean section, veterinarians performing obstetric
intervention are first line personnel in recognition of SBV emergence in
domestic ruminants.