bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human turn-taking development: A multi-faceted review of turn-taking comprehension and production in the first years of life
Authors: Cosper Samuel H. , Pika Simone
Published: April 2024

Human communication builds on a highly cooperative and interactional infrastructure – conversational turn-taking. Turn-taking is characterized by reciprocal, alternating exchanges between two or more interactants, avoidance of overlap, and relatively short response times. Although the behavioral principles governing turn-taking in spoken interactions of human adults have been investigated for decades, relatively little is known about the acquisition of conversational turn-taking skills and the developmental trajectories of turn-taking comprehension and production. The aim of the present review was to provide a comprehensive overview of turn-taking development enabling the extrapolation of developmental milestones and linkage to a recently developed comparative framework. This multi-faceted review will serve as a crucial guide to our current understanding of turn-taking in childhood. It may instigate a better understanding of turn-taking phylogeny, its evolutionary roots, as well as systematic, quantitative applications across and between species, thereby possibly bridging the existing gap between linguistic and non-linguistic species.
Alternative Financial Infrastructures in Russia
Authors: Ehlke Roxana
Published: April 2024

Russia’s policies responding to the pressure of sanctions on financial infrastructures provide a prime example for the development for the creation of alternatives to the Western dominated financial systems. From a perspective of infrastructural power, the paper discusses the issue in relation to an expansion of the state’s economic role. Focussing mainly on the payment card system “Mir” and the digital rubel, it traces the development of cashless payment in post-soviet Russia from an early phase of dominating Western companies to a strongly increased involvement of the Bank of Russia in the payment market. It also shows how payment via state-owned infrastructures serves as a vehicle for further infrastructural projects entailing an extension of state power. With regard to the controversies between the regulator and the banking industry over the state-owned payment infrastructures, it is shown how the verticalization of the political system in Russia affects the positioning of the Bank of Russia, and also its relationship to the large state-owned enterprises in the financial sector.
Role of Women Entrepreneurship in Economic Development of Nepal
Authors: Khatri Basnet Rati
Published: April 2024

The study tells that women entrepreneurs play a vital role not only in the development of industrial sector of a country but also in the development of farm and service sector. The role of women entrepreneurship in economic development varies from economy to economy depending upon its material resources, industrial climate and the responsiveness of the political system to the entrepreneurial function. The objective of the study is to find out the role of women entrepreneurship in economic development of our country. The study is based on secondary data and analytical approach. Women entrepreneurs, in the form of new goods & services, result in new employment, which can produce a cascading effect or virtuous circle in the economy. It is necessary that we understand the benefits of women entrepreneurs, a balanced approach to nurturing entrepreneurship will definitely result in a positive impact on economy and society.
उर्गेनको घोडा उपन्यासमा वर्चस्वविरुद्ध जनजातीय प्रतिरोधको चेतना {Consciousness of tribal resistance against hegemony in the novel Urgen's Horse}
Authors: लामा Lama असमान Asman
Published: April 2024

प्रस्तुत लेखमा युग पाठकद्वारा लिखित ‘उर्गेनको घोडा’ उपन्यासमा वर्चस्वविरुद्ध जनजातीय प्रतिरोधको चेतनाको अध्ययन गरिएको छ । यसका लागि पाश्चात्य समालोचना सिद्धान्तका रूपमा प्रचलित ग्राम्सीको वर्चस्वको मान्यता र फुकोको प्रतिरोधको सिद्धान्तलाई विश्लेषणको आधार बनाइएको छ । यो अध्ययन ‘उर्गेनको घोडा’ उपन्यासमा अभिव्यक्त जनजातीय प्रतिरोधको चेतनामा आधारित छ । यो अध्ययन ‘उर्गेनको घोडा’ उपन्यासमा जनजातीय प्रतिरोधको चेतना के कस्तो छ भन्ने समस्यामा केन्द्रित छ । यस समस्याको समाधानका लागि सामग्री सङ्कलन पुस्तकालयीय कार्यबाट गरिएको छ । यो अध्यययन गुणात्मक पद्धतिमा आधारित भएकाले समस्या समाधानका निम्ति पाठात्मकविश्लेषण विधिको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । यस अध्ययनका लागि जनजातीय प्रतिरोधको चेतनालाई विश्लेषणको आधार बनाइएको छ । यस अध्ययनको निष्कर्षमा युग पाठकको ‘उर्गेनको घोडा’ उपन्यासमा जनजातीय इतिहास र पहिचानको चेतनाबाट जनजातीय प्रतिरोधको चेतना सशक्त रूपमा अभिव्यक्त भएको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ । इतिहासदेखि नै शासकहरूबाट हेपिएका, चेपिएका र किनारामा पारिएका तामाङहरूले प्रतिरोध गरेको विषयलाई उठान गरेर प्रतिरोधको चेतना सम्प्रेषण गर्न सक्नु नै यस उपन्यासको प्राप्ति हो र साथै यस अध्ययनको पनि प्राप्ति हो ।
सुवेदीको ‘लाशहरू उठेपछि’ नाटकमा शरीर राजनीति {Body politics in Subedi's play 'Lasharu Uthepachi'}
Authors: ढुङ्गाना Dhungana शोभाकुमारी Shovakumari
Published: April 2024

प्रस्तुत अनुसन्धानमूलक लेख सुवेदीको ‘लाशहरू उठेपछि’ नाटकमा शरीर राजनीति शीर्षकमा केन्द्रित रहेर अध्ययन गरिएको छ । मिसेल फुको र नारीवादीहरूका शरीर राजनीतिसम्बन्धी अवधारणालाई सैद्धान्तिक आधार मानेर अध्ययन गरिएको यस लेखमा वर्णनात्मक र विश्लेषणात्मक विधि अपनाइएको छ । महिला र पुरुषबिच लैङ्गिक विभेद ल्याउने प्रमुख तत्त्व पितृसत्तात्मक सोच हो । नाटककार रोशन सुवेदीले यस नाटकमा नेपाली समाजमा पितृसत्ताद्वारा नारी शरीरमाथि हुने गरेका शोषण र उत्पीडनको यथार्थ चित्रण गरी अन्याय र अत्याचारको विरुद्धमा प्रतिरोधी चेतना जगाउने कार्य गरेका छन् । नाटकमा हर्केले तिन सन्तानकी आमा भैसकेकी आफ्नै श्रीमती सुनमायालाई वस्तुकरण गरी भारतको कोठीमा लगेर बेचेपछि एड्स लागेर मृत्यु भएको छ । दाइजो ल्याइन भनेर लोग्ने र परिवार मिलेर नव दुलहीलाई मट्तिेल खन्याई जिउँदै जलाएर मारिएको छ । लोग्नेले छोरी छोरी पाई भनेर सौता हाली कुटपिट गरेर निकालिएपछि दुई छोरी च्यापेर माइत गएकी धनमायाले माइतमा पनि बास नपाएपछि लाशमा परिणत भएकी र छोरीहरू पनि बिचल्ली भई लाश भैसकेका छन् । बोक्सीको आरोप लगाई सारा गाउँलेहरू मिलेर सामुहिक रूपमा कुटपिट गरी मानव मल खुवाएर रागिनीदेबीलाई गाउँबाट निकालेपछि लाशमा परिणत भएकी छ । जड्याहा लोग्नेबाट रातदिन रक्सी धोकेर गधालाईभैmँ निर्घात कुटेर मारिनीदेबी लाश भएकी छ । जबसम्म पुरुषप्रधान पितृसत्तात्मक सामाजिक संरचनाको अन्त्य हुँदैन तबसम्म नारी शरीरमाथि गरिने शोषणको पनि अन्त्य हुनसक्दैन । पुरुषका अधीनस्थता र शोषणबाट महिला शरीरलाई मुक्त राख्नका लागि उत्पीडित नारीहरूले अन्यायका विरुद्ध सङ्गठित भएर आवाज उठाउनुपर्दछ भन्ने उद्घोषपछि मृत अवस्थामा पुगेर मञ्चमा लडिरहेका आत्माहरू समेत अकस्मात चलमलाएर अब हामी पनि जीवन बाँच्नुपर्छ भन्दै अपराधीहरूको खोजीमा लागेको देखाएर नाटकमा नारी जीवनको उज्वल भविष्यको सङ्केत गरिएको निष्कर्ष रहेको छ ।
Learning to Learn: Research into Adaptive and Collaborative Management of Community Forests
Authors: Dougall C.L.Mc
Published: April 2024

The author highlights conceptual, substantive and methodological aspects of participatory action research(PAR) into adaptive collaborative management (ACM) of community forest in some selected FUGs in the Hills of Nepal. Three main concepts of ACM identified as the core of research include: collaboration among stakeholders, conscious social learning and application of learning feedback to management. Ten specific elements have been recently innovated around the three broad areas of ACM, and theresearch team uses them as a basis to assess and facilitate action research at local level. The author indicates that all the four partner FUGs have shown significantly greater progress towards improving collaboration, conscious social learning and application of feedback than during the time before the PAR. Future activities of research are expected to enable FUGs to achievegoals, and at the same time enable researchers to draw broad lessons as regards conditions, processes and outcomes of ACM, along with potential strategies and tools to facilitate the process.
Contested Impact of Community Forestry on Equity: Some Evidences from Nepal
Authors: Neupane Hari
Published: April 2024

Despite large scale expansion of community forestry in Nepal, there is no clear and consistent contributions to the livelihoods, especially of the poor. While there are some studies presenting evidences to show this limited positive impact of community forestry, there is still limited understanding as regards why the poor have not been able to reap the benefits as expected. This paper discusses six key factors affecting the ways by which benefits from community forestry are generated and distributed, based onthe findings of a recently conducted participatory action research with four forest user groups in the western hills of Nepal.
Inventory Related Problems and Opportunities in Community Forestry: Findings of a Survey
Authors: Dhital Narayan , Paudel Krishna , Ojha Hemant
Published: April 2024

This article highlights the findings of a recent survey to assess the extent of problems, and opportunities, relating to the issue of community forest inventory in Nepal. An interaction with 133 respondents from 40 districts identified seven major problems in institutional, policy and technical aspects. Despite the emergence of several innovations in districts to cope with the issues, the inventory guideline it self has largely been unsuccessful in facilitating sustainable management of forest. A key recommendation following the analysis is outlined. The authors suggest that the policy intervention should allow innovations and context specific resource assessment methodologies to emerge.
न्यायवैशेषिकदर्शनयोर्मोक्षतत्त्वविमर्शः {The Salvation in the Ancient Logic}
Authors: Aryal केशवशरणोऽर्यालः Keshavsharan
Published: April 2024

पौरस्त्यचिन्तनानि मोक्षे पर्यवसन्नानि भवन्ति । अखिलान्यपि चिन्तनानि मोक्षार्थमेव प्रवत्र्तमानानि सन्ति राराजन्ते । पौरस्त्यचिन्तनेषु तत्र तत्र मोक्षकारणे तत्स्वरूपे च भेदस्तु सहजोऽपेक्ष्यश्च । न्यायवैशेषिकयोश्चिन्तने मोक्षतत्त्वं किंस्वरूपकम्, किञ्च तस्य कारणम्, कथञ्च तल्लब्धिरित्यादिकं प्रस्तुतस्य लघुप्रबन्धस्य समस्यात्वेन दृग्गोचरीभवति । तत्समाधानायाऽऽवश्यकसामग्रीसङ्कलनार्थं भूयसा प्रमाणेन पुस्तकालयाः प्रयुक्ताः । अथ च न्यूनाधिकतयाऽन्तर्जालादिकमप्यवालम्ब्यत । यथाऽऽवश्यकमवयवतत्त्वज्ञैः सह संवादादिकमपि  विधाय सामग्रीसङ्कलनं व्यधायि । तदनु सङ्कलितसामग्रीर्विश्लिष्य  प्रस्तुतशोधलेखसज्जीकरणार्थं गुणात्मकानुकूलःसमीक्षणात्मको विधिरवलम्बितः । मोक्षपदं मोक्षणमित्यर्थे घञि चौरादिकान्मोक्ष्धातुतो निष्पद्यते । मोक्षो नाम दुःखनिवृत्तिः । तत्र केचन चिन्तका मोक्षं दुःखस्याऽभावत्वेन प्रतिपादयन्ति चेत् केचन पुनः सुखरूपत्वेन । यद् वा तद्वा भवतु मोक्षे दुःखन्तु न केनाप्युरीक्रियते, अतस्समेषाञ्च चिन्तकानामैकमत्येन सर्वदुःखत आत्यन्तिकं मोचनमेव मोक्षः । वैदिकचिन्तने‘ऋते ज्ञानान्न मुक्तिः’ इत्याभाणकस्याऽतिरोहितत्वात्तत्त्वज्ञानस्यैव मोक्षहेतुत्वं प्रतिपादितं भवति । प्रसङ्गेऽत्र न्यायशास्त्रे प्रमाणादिषोडशपदार्थानां तत्त्वज्ञाने सति मोक्ष इति स्पष्टीकृतं चेद् वैशेषिके च द्रव्यादिपदार्थानां साधम्र्यवैधम्र्याभ्यां तत्त्वज्ञानादिति । तत्र उभयत्रापि मोक्षे दुःखनिवृत्तिरिति स्वीक्रियते । तत्र दुःखपदेन एकविंशतिधं दुःखं गृह्यते । जागतिकं सुखमपि तत्रैवान्तर्भवति । यद्यपि न्यायवैशेषिकयोर्मोक्षे सुखस्यापि अभावः प्रतिपाद्यते । परं तत्तु संसारगतमादाय, वस्तुतस्तु पारमार्थिकं सुखन्तु तत्रापि स्वीकत्र्तव्यमेव । यच्च नैयायिकप्रवरेण भासर्वज्ञेनाथ च तदवलम्बिभिर्बहुधा बहुशः प्रतिपादितो लभ्यते । न्याये मोक्षस्य कारणत्वेन ज्ञानस्यैव प्रतिपादितत्वेऽपि वैशेषिके तु सूक्ष्मविचारे कृते सति मोक्षार्थं ज्ञानकम्र्मसमुच्चयवादः पुरःस्थाप्यत इत्येव निष्कृष्टिः ।
Euclid’s Algorithm and its Role in Solving Modular Multiplicative Inverse
Authors: Kandel Dev Raj
Published: April 2024

In this article, the prime motivation is to demonstrate how calculating modular multiplicative inverse can be simplified computationally with the help of Euclid’s algorithm, which is usually attributed to finding the Greatest Common Divisor.
ऋतुविचार काव्यमा प्रस्तुत अद्वैत चिन्तन {Vedantic Philosophy in Hrituvichar}
Authors: ढकाल Dhakal बोधराज Bodha Raj
Published: April 2024

यस अनुसन्धानात्मक लेखमा प्रकृतिपरक काव्य ‘ऋतुविचार’मा प्रस्तुत अद्वैत चिन्तनको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । शङ्कराचार्यद्वारा प्रतिपादित अद्वैत वेदान्त दर्शनका मूल्यमान्यताहरू प्रकृतिपरक भाव अँगालेको ऋतुविचारका कतिपय सन्दर्भमा प्रस्तुत भएका छन् । काव्यमा अद्वैत चिन्तन कसरी प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ? भन्ने समस्यालाइ साङ्गपाङ्ग रूपमा निरूपण गरी पुष्टि गर्नु यस लेखको उद्देश्य रहेकोछ । शङ्कराचार्यले अद्वैत वेदान्त दर्शनमा प्रस्तुत गरेको ब्रह्म सत्य हो; योभन्दा भिन्न केही छैन र ब्रह्मज्ञान विना मोक्ष प्राप्त गर्न सकिँदैन भन्ने चिन्तनलाई यस खण्डकाव्यमा प्रस्तुत गरेको निष्कष् दिइएको छ । काव्यमा जीवभावका कारण जीवले व्यावहारिक सत्ता जगत्लाई सत्य मान्दा जीवका व्यवहारहरू प्रभावित हुने देखाइएको छ । मायाका कारण भ्रमित भई क्षणिक आनन्दको पछि लाग्दा सांसारिक विषयमोहमा परेर जीव बन्धनमा पर्ने काव्यमा उल्लेख छ । योग र वेद वाक्यबाट प्राप्त भएको तŒवज्ञानबाटै ब्रह्मसाक्षात्कार हुनेर जीवले मोक्ष प्राप्त गर्ने सन्दर्भ काव्यमा रहेको यस लेखमा निष्कर्ष दिइएको छ । पुस्तकालयीय कार्यका आधारमा प्राथमिक र द्वितीय स्रोतका सामग्री सङ्कलन गरी उद्देश्यमूलक नमुना छनौट पद्धतिलाई अवलम्बन गरेर ‘ऋतुविचार’ काव्यलाई चयन गरिएको छ । अद्वैत वेदान्त चिन्तनका मूलभूत मान्यताहरूलाई विश्लेषणको आधार मान्दै काव्यांशहरूको दृष्टान्तमार्फत निगमनात्मक एवम् व्याख्या विधिका माध्यमबाट काव्यमा प्रस्तुत अद्वैत चिन्तनको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । यो अनुसन्धानात्मक लेख मूलतः एपिए पद्धतिमा आधारित छ । जीवभावका कारण जीवमा परेको प्रभाव र ब्रह्मज्ञानपछि प्राप्त हुने मोक्ष चिन्तनजस्ता अद्वैत वेदान्त दर्शनसँग सम्बन्धित चिन्तनहरू यस काव्यमा प्रस्तुत भएको यस लेखमा स्पष्ट पारिएको छ ।
The China-US Economic Relationship in the Early 21st Century
Authors: Rahman Sayedur , Sultana Ummea Asma
Published: April 2024

China and the United States are two major economic powers that are currently engaged in trade and are using different strategies to enhance their bilateral relations. The main objective of this research is to analyze the policies and activities that these nations are using to promote and advance their trade relations, which will likely result in financial and political benefits in the long run. This investigation is primarily based on secondary sources such as scientific and scholarly journals, research papers, books, and articles related to the topic at hand. The study comprehensively explores a variety of factors impacting trade relations between China and the United States. This includes examining bilateral treaties, one-phase agreements, the Belt and Road Initiative, the Australia, UK, and US Security Pact, policies aimed at achieving competitive advantage, as well as cooperation in addressing regional and global issues to promote trade relations between the two countries. The trade conflict between the two countries is very serious. According to the study, China and the US pursue many comprehensive and conventional barriers, such as a lack of registered goods in each nation, a rise in trade imbalance, tax disparities, a lack of business ties, the Quad, the conflict in the South China Sea, bilaterally sensitive issues, the Taiwan dispute, and environmental conditions and policies. If both countries could solve these problems then relations between the two countries would be improved in the 21st century.
भाषाशिक्षकको पेसागत विकासका कार्यक्रमको प्रभावकारिता: न्यारेटिभ विश्लेषण
Authors: नेपाल शक्तिराज
Published: April 2024

यस लेखमा मैले भाषाशिक्षककै जीवन्त कथा तथा स्मरणको विश्लेषणका आधारमा भाषाशिक्षकको पेसागत विकासका कार्यक्रमको प्रभावकारिताको विश्लेषण गरेको छु । भाषाशिक्षकको पेसागत विकासका लागि गरिएका कार्यक्रमहरूको प्रभावकारितासम्बन्धी भाषाशिक्षककै जीवन्त अनुभवको खोज तथा विश्लेषण गर्नु नै यस अध्ययनको उद्देश्य राखेको छु । नेपाल सरकारले विभिन्न चरणमा शिक्षकको पेसागत आधारभूत तथा पुनर्ताजगी तालिम, गोष्ठी, कार्यशालालगायत विभिन्न कार्यक्रमहरू विशिष्टीकृत गरेर तालिम प्रदान गरेको छ । उक्त कार्यक्रमसँग सम्बन्धित शिक्षककै अनुभवको विश्लेषण गर्न उत्तरआधुनिकतावादी दार्शनिक आधार तथा गुणात्मक अध्ययन पद्धतिअन्तर्गत न्यारेटिभ खोजको ढाँचालाई अपनाएको छु । गहन अन्तरवार्तामार्फत् सामुदायिक विद्यालयको प्राथमिक तहका दुईजना नेपाली भाषाशिक्षकको जीवन्त कहानीलाई सङ्कलन गरेको छु भने उक्त कहानीलाई लिखतमा उतारेपछि कोडिङ् तथा थिमेटिक विश्लेषण गरेको छु । शिक्षकका जीवन्त अनुभवलाई पेसागत विकासका तालिमको प्रभावकारिताको वर्तमान अवस्था, कक्षाकोठामा देखिएको प्रभाव, चुनौती तथा समाधानार्थ प्रयास जस्ता कुरालाई मुख्य रूपमा थिमेटिक आधार बनाई विश्लेषण गरेको छु । उक्त विश्लेषणअनुसार भाषाशिक्षकले तालिम लिएपश्चात् शिक्षणमा कहीँ न कहीँ प्रभाव परेको, विद्यार्थीको विविधतालाई सम्बोधन गर्ने चुनौती देखिएको, कक्षाकोठामा देखिएको बहुभाषिकताका कारण कक्षाकोठा व्यवस्थापनमा सुधार गर्न नसकिएको, शिक्षकलाई अझै उत्पे्ररणा र वृत्ति विकासका कार्यक्रम निरन्तर प्रदान गरिराख्नुपर्ने जस्ता प्रतिक्रिया पाएको छु । प्रस्तुत अध्ययनबाट शिक्षकको विकासका लागि प्रदान गरिने कार्यक्रमको प्रभावकारिताको मूल्याङ्कन गर्न तथा उक्त मूल्याङ्कनबाट शिक्षकको विकासका थप कार्यक्रमको तय गर्न एवम् योजनालाई हेरफेर गर्न पनि सहयोग पुग्ने भएकाले यस लेखको उपयोगिता रहेको देखिन्छ ।
नेपाली र माझी भाषामा व्याकरणात्मक कोटिको तुलना
Authors: गौतम वासुदेव
Published: April 2024

नेपाल बहुभाषिक देश हो । यहाँ करिब १२४ ओटा भाषाका वक्ताहरु रहेका छन् । विश्वमा बोलिने विभिन्न भाषा परिवारहरुमध्ये नेपालमा छओटा भाषा परिवारका भाषाहरु बोलिन्छ । ती भाषा परिवारमध्ये भारोपेली भाषा परिवारे एक हो । यसै परिवारभित्र बोलिने भाषा हो माझी भाषा । यो भाषाका बक्ताहरु वि.सं. २०७८ सालको जनगणनाअनुसार करिब १० हजार अर्थात् ०.०१२ प्रतिशत छन् । यो भाषाका वक्ताहरु विभिन्न नदीका किनारमा छरिएर बसेबास गर्दै आएका छन् । यिनीहरु माछा मारेर आफ्नो जीविकोपार्जन गर्दै आएका छन् । माझीहरुले बोल्ने भाषा भएकाले यो भाषाको नाम माझी भाषा रहेको छ । यो भाषा पिछडिएको भाषाको वर्गमा पर्दछ । त्यसैले यो भाषाको बारेमा कँही कतैबाट खोज अनुसन्धान भएको पाइँदैन । यसैकारणले यस्तो पिछडिएको भाषाको अध्ययन अनुसन्धान गर्नु नै यो अध्ययनको मुख्य उद्देश्य रहेको छ । नेपाली र माझी भाषाको व्याकरणात्मक कोटिको तुलनात्मक अध्ययन गर्दा लिङ्ग, वचन, पुरुष, काल, पक्ष सबैमा व्यतिरेकी पाइन्छ ।माझी भाषामा पनि आफ्नै किसिमको व्याकरण व्यवस्था रहेको कुरा नै प्रस्तुत अध्ययनको प्राप्ति हो । यो प्राप्ति गर्नको लागि प्राथमिक स्रोत र द्वितीयक स्रोतलाई अध्ययनको विधि बनाइएको छ । प्रस्तुत अध्ययनले दोस्रो भाषाको रुपमा नेपाली भाषा शिक्षण गर्दा महत्वपूर्ण सहयोग पुर्याउँदछ । माझी भाषाको व्याकरण व्यवस्थाका आधारमा विमातृभाषी शिक्षकले माझी भाषाका वक्ताहरुको लागि नेपाली भाषा शिक्षण गर्दा यो अध्ययनले महत्वपूर्ण टेवा पुर्याउँने कुरामा आशा गर्न सकिन्छ ।
वर्णविन्यासगत समस्या र यसको समाधान
Authors: शेर्पा दावा
Published: April 2024

प्रस्तुत वर्णविन्यासगत समस्याको शोध लेख गुणात्मक अध्ययन ढाँचको द्वितीय स्रोतमा आधारित रहेको छ । नेपाली भाषा शिक्षण सिकाइमा वर्णविन्यासगत त्रुटिका प्रश्नहरूमा उठेका समस्याको समाधानमा केन्द्रित गर्नु नै यस लेखको प्राज्ञिक उद्देश्य रहेको छ । प्रस्तुत लेखमा ह्रस्व/दीर्घ, ब/व, पञ्चम वर्ण, शिरविन्दु/चन्द्रविन्दु, हलन्त/अजन्त, पदयोग/पदवियोगजस्ता समस्याको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । नेपाली भाषाको शुद्घशुद्घिमा तत्सम, तद्भव र आगन्तुक शब्दका आ–आफ्नै वर्णविन्यासगत नियम हुन्छ । तत्सम शब्द (वीज/बीज, विना/बिना), तद्भव शब्द (दश/दस, दुबै/दुवै), आगन्तुक शब्द (लिम्बु/लिम्बू, खुसी/खुशी), हलन्त र अजन्त शब्द (भरपाइ/भर्पाइ, खरदार/खर्दार), ह्रस्व र दीर्घ (ठुलो/ठूलो, मुजुर/मयूर), क्रियाविशेषण शब्द(ढलीमली, झिलिमिली), मिलित क्रिया (गरिरहनु/गरी रहनु/गरि रहनु) जस्ता विवादस्त हिज्जेमा एक रूपता गर्नुपर्ने छ । तद्भव र आगन्तुक शब्दको अगाडि र बिचको इकार र उकार ह्रस्व लेखिन्छ भने तत्सम शब्दादिमा इकार र उकार ह्रस्व लेखिने तथा इकार र उकार दीर्घ लेखिने तत्सम शब्दकोे वर्णविन्यासको अध्ययन गरिएको छ । ‘ब’ र ‘व’ तथा पञ्चम वर्णको उच्चारण अनुस्वारमा वैकल्पिक शिरविन्दु र अनुनासिक स्वरमा चन्द्रविन्दुको प्रयोग गर्ने तथा पदयोग र पदवियोगको वर्णविन्यासगत प्रयोगको अध्ययन गरिएको छ ।
Parental Behaviors During Menstruation among female students
Authors: Upadhya Shanta
Published: April 2024

The study "Parental Behaviors during Menstruation among Female Students" embodies that good parental behavior involves talking openly about periods, giving girls the products they need, giving emotional support, and teaching them about staying clean and healthy during menstruation. How parents handle the stigma around periods also reflects their behavior. The purpose of the study is to examine the parental behaviors during the time of menstruation. Using quantitative and descriptive methods, the study selected 250 students by simple random sampling from the 650 enrolled on the two component sites. These campuses were chosen by convenience sampling from a pool of 22 in the Kathmandu Valley. Parents play a crucial role in providing emotional support, guidance, and education to their daughters about menstruation, empowering them to navigate this natural biological process with confidence and understanding. It examine that the diverse views on menstruation. While many respondent believed it as natural and don't limit activities, some follow traditional beliefs that restrict interactions with males and certain activities. Family practices also vary, from isolation to prioritizing hygiene. Such types of study can be done in affiliated campus and used qualitative research design.
Man “Extended” by Media and Technology: Ethical Considerations
Authors: Wojewoda Mariusz
Published: April 2024

Człowiek współczesny wykorzystuje cały szereg narzędzi technicznych i medialnych. Termin „techne” oznacza rzeczy, umiejętności, ale także wskazuje na powiązania człowieka z tymi obiektami. Wpływ techne na nasze funkcjonowanie osoby ludzkiej jest obustronny, dostosowujemy narzędzia do naszych potrzeb, jednocześnie sami się zmieniamy korzystając z nowoczesnych technologii. Koncepcja afordancji stworzona Jamesa J. Gibsona i koncepcja rozszerzonego umysłu Andy Clarka pozwalają na trafną charakterystykę powiązań między umysłem, zdolnościami poznawczymi i działaniem człowieka a zewnętrznym wobec niego środowiskiem. Autor artykułu koncentruje się na aspektach technicznych, medialnych i komunikacyjnych tego środowiska. W końcowej części artykułu przeanalizowano etyczne konsekwencje rozszerzenia technicznego i medialnego człowieka. Punktem odniesienia dla analiz etycznych jest koncepcja osoby ludzkiej w ujęciu Karola Wojtyły.
Konieczność wprowadzenia definicji legalnej mikroplastiku do ustawy o bezpieczeństwie żywności „Postulaty de lege ferenda"
Authors: Czapski Jakub
Published: April 2024

Niniejsza praca ma na celu zwrócenie uwagi na fakt, że język tekstów prawnych (z założenia mający opisywać całą znaną rzeczywistość) nie nadąża za postępami nauki. Ustawodawca posługuje się zaczerpniętymi z niej pojęciami, lecz nie zawsze konsekwentnie przypisuje im jednolite definicje. Może to powodować trudności w stosowaniu aktów normatywnych, w których występuje terminologia naukowa. Przykładem takiej luki definicyjnej jest „mikroplastik” – pojawia się on w aktach uchwalonych na szczeblu Unii Europejskiej, ale nie sformułowano jego definicji pozwalającej na obejmowanie tych samych desygnatów jednolitą nazwą. W artykule prezentowane są najpierw teksty prawne zawierające pojęcie mikroplastiku, który uznano – obok farmaceutyków i substancji zaburzających gospodarkę hormonalną – za nowe źródło zagrożenia dla zdrowia występujące w żywności spożywanej przez człowieka. Mikroplastik jako jedyny z wymienionej triady nie ma definicji legalnej. Następnie autor omawia jego robocze definicje stworzone przez przedstawicieli środowisk naukowych i urzędowych. Na terenie Polski organem, który pierwszy zwrócił uwagę na zagrożenia związane z mikroplastikiem i zaproponował jego formalną definicję, była Najwyższa Izba Kontroli. Artykuł zawiera niektóre wnioski z raportu NIK poświęconego mikroplastikowi jako czynnikowi wpływającemu na stan zdrowia człowieka. Przegląd wieńczy autorska próba sformułowania względnie zwięzłej definicji, która potencjalnie będzie się nadawać do ujęcia w treści prawa krajowego.
Surface Treatment of Handmade Lokta Paper by Atmospheric Pressure Dielectric Barrier Discharge Using 50 Hz Line Frequency
Authors: Chhetri Ganesh Kuwar , Guragain Rajesh Prakash , Joshi Ujjwal Man , Subedi Deepak Prasad
Published: April 2024

The discharge was generated between two rectangular parallel-plate copper electrodes using a sinusoidal voltage of 12.8 kV (rms) of frequency 50 Hz and characterized using electrical and optical measurements. The effects of the discharge on the wicking property and weight loss of Lokta paper were studied respectively by the wicking test and gravimetric method. The estimated value of electron density and electron temperature in the discharge were 8.47×108 cm-3 and 1.29 eV. The results showed a significant improvement in water absorption ability and considerable weight loss (%) in Lokta paper after the plasma treatment.
Analisis Indikator Financial Stress Sebagai Alat Untuk Mengukur Tingkat Kestabilan Aspek Keuangan Di Indonesia
Authors: Amah Mas
Published: April 2024

Many elements may influence defining financial sector stability can be a challenge. The sub-stress level of the financial sector can be used as a proxy to measure the soundness of the financial sector. One technique for assessing the stability of the financial sector is the financial stress index, which is a composite index whose elements can be broken down using factor analysis. Because the index is dominated by the banking component which is very sensitive to the volatility of macroeconomic conditions, I conclude that the financial stress index formed from bank variables is the index with the highest significance for financial stability in Indonesia. The inflation rate and BI rate are indicators to assess this condition.
Pemanfaatan Digital Marketing Dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan UMKM Di Boyolali
Authors: Fahman Hadi  , Fataqul Ikhsan Dewantara  , Dwi Kharisma Wati
Published: April 2024

Marketing online is currently in great demand by the public and is one of the media that supports daily operations. Many people are slowly moving from traditional marketing methods to marketing online. Marketing online itself means promoting and promoting a brand or product through the digital world or the internet. Finding and evaluating the advantages of marketing online for boosting MSME sales in Boyolali Regency was the aim of this study. Researchers employed data collection techniques, such as questionnaires and interviews, with SMEs as a sample. The study's target audience consisted of Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Businesses (MSMEs). Since the study's population is homogeneous, samples can be taken from any population. Using a purposive sample approach, 116 Small, Micro, and Medium-Sized Enterprises (MSMEs) participated in this study as respondents. The instruments used in this study were tested for validity, reliability, and the Classical Assumption Test , autocorrelation test, and heteroscedasticity test) using SPSS version 22. The results of the data analysis were then carried out by hypothesis testing with simple linear regression analysis and T-test to determine the level of closeness of the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variable.
Performance of UAV-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for Early Estimation of Rice Yield
Authors: P.P. Dharmaratne  , W.M.U.K. Rathnayake  , A.D.A.J.K. Weerasinghe  , A.S.A. Salgadoe
Published: April 2024

Traditionally, the rice yield is measured after the harvest, which is too late then to revert any agronomic practices to improve yield. The aerial spectral reflectance images of crops captured by a multispectral camera mounted in an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) are capable of quantitatively measuring the internal physiological condition of crops directly associated with their health status. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of UAV-multispectral image derived-NDVI as a method for estimating rice yield. Multispectral drone images including single band images were acquired from a controlled rice field at Rice Research and Development Institute (RRDI), Sri Lanka. Rice variety Bg 300 was cultivated in the Yala season under four levels of Nitrogen (N) fertilizer treatment plots. According to the regression co-relation analysis the derived NDVI values at 15 and 25 m flying heights from the rice crops at the booting stage were moderately (R2=0.65 and R2=0.67, p<0.05, respectively) associated with the actual yield. The derived NDVI values indicated the rice crop vigor at the booting stage is a useful indicator for early estimation of the rice yield prior to actual harvest.
Two Counties in Crisis: Measuring Political Change in Reconstruction Texas
Authors: Sauers Cameron
Published: April 2024

Robert Dillard’s Two Counties in Crisis explores three decades of political culture in two divergent Texas counties. Collin County, a frontier county largely home to emigrants from other Southern states, is contrasted against Harrison County, a cotton growing county with 145 planters who each owned more than 20 enslaved peoples. Dillard claims that these counties, and Texas more broadly, did not neatly align with the political culture of the rest of the Confederacy. In a combination of political science and history, Dillard argues that a culture of backlash and resistance to federal authority defined Texas state politics in the Civil War era. While the author’s claims of exceptionalism are unconvincing and unsubstantiated, Two Counties in Crisis demonstrates the contentious state level politics of Reconstruction.
A Man of Bad Reputation: The Murder of John Stephens and the Contested Landscape of North Carolina Reconstruction
Authors: Rothera Evan
Published: April 2024

A Man of Bad Reputation opens with John G. Lea’s confession that he had assassinated North Carolina State Senator John Walter Stephens in 1870. Lea gave his confession in 1919, nearly half a century after the murder. Stephens’s death, Drew A. Swanson contends, had profound repercussions. On the one hand, it “featured prominently in the US Congress’s investigation of Klan activities in the South,” which eventually led for the Enforcements Acts and the end of the first Ku Klux Klan. On the other hand, it sparked the Kirk-Holden War, which led to the impeachment of Governor William Woods Holden, his removal from office, the death of Reconstruction, and the rise of Jim Crow in North Carolina, “a new and even more effective form of white supremacy that used ‘soft’ terrorism in place of the Klan’s overt violence.” Swanson, currently Jack N. and Addie D. Averitt Distinguished Professor of Southern History at Georgia State University, offers a fascinating discussion of the life and death of Stephens, which also becomes a story about the North Carolina Piedmont, Reconstruction in North Carolina, and the ways in which people have remembered and misremembered this important period.
The Abolitionist Civil War: Immediatists and the Struggle to Transform the Union
Authors: Laughlin-Schultz Bonnie
Published: April 2024

In The Abolitionist Civil War, Frank J. Cirillo offers a much-needed study of abolitionist activity during the Civil War. In twelve tightly chronological chapters, he highlights the ideas, interventions, and arguments of abolitionists from Secession Winter through May 1865. Cirillo focuses on ten abolitionists ranging from well-known figures William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglass to lesser-known folks such as George Cheever and Stephen and Abby Kelley Foster to the Virginia outlier Moncure Conway, and he sorts them into several fluctuating camps based on how they chose to engage with Civil War politics. Ultimately, he argues that in the majority’s wartime shift from moral reformers to political interest interventionists, their radicalism tempered.
Muzeji revolucije: dizajn postava izložbi Đuke Kavurića u Hrvatskoj od 1964. do 1975.
Authors: Štefičar Petra
Published: April 2024

Muzeji povezani s događajima Drugog svjetskog rata, narodnooslobodilačkim pokretom, radničkim pokretom i srodnim temama, koje možemo zajednički nazvati muzejima revolucije, ugašeni su raspadom socijalističke Jugoslavije. Na hrvatskom prostoru postojalo je sedam specijaliziranih muzeja, četiri muzeja u sklopu spomen-područja, desetak memorijalnih zbirki u sastavu specijaliziranih muzeja i više od stotinu zbirki i stalnih izložbi unutar općih muzeja, instituta, škola i drugih ustanova. Povijest pamti postojanje ovih muzeja kao institucija, no sve se manje pamti izgled njihovih postava, kako stalnih tako i povremenih izložbi, kao i autori tih prostorno-likovnih rješenja. Đuka Kavurić jedan je od ključnih oblikovatelja muzejskih postava muzeja revolucije. U Hrvatskoj je oblikovao najmanje četiri stalna postava - u Muzeju Vis - sjedište Vrhovnog štaba Narodnooslobodilačke vojske i Partizanskih odreda Jugoslavije i Nacionalnog komiteta oslobođenja Jugoslavije, Memorijalnom muzeju Jasenovac, Spomen-muzeju Drugog kongresa Komunističke partije Jugoslavije u Vukovaru te Muzeju radničkog i narodnooslobodilačkog pokreta za Slavoniju i Baranju u Slavonskom Brodu, kao i najmanje dvije povremene izložbe za Muzej revolucije naroda Hrvatske u Zagrebu. Autor je i većeg broja idejnih, neizvedenih projekata. Kavurić nam se kroz svoj opus otkriva kao vješti dizajner izložbenih postava koji je stavljao naglasak na likovno oblikovanje izložbi i koji se aktivno uključivao u sve aspekte njihova nastajanja, stvarajući postave jasne naracije.
Residual SwinV2 transformer coordinate attention network for image super resolution
Authors: Lei Yushi , Zhu Zhengwei , Qin Yilin , Zhu Chenyang , Zhu Yanping
Published: April 2024

Swin Transformers have been designed and used in various image super-resolution (SR) applications. One of the recent image restoration methods is RSTCANet, which combines Swin Transformer with Channel Attention. However, for some channels of images that may carry less useful information or noise, Channel Attention cannot automatically learn the insignificance of these channels. Instead, it tries to enhance their expression capability by adjusting the weights. It may lead to excessive focus on noise information while neglecting more essential features. In this paper, we propose a new image SR method, RSVTCANet, based on an extension of Swin2SR. Specifically, to effectively gather global information for the channel of images, we modify the Residual SwinV2 Transformer blocks in Swin2SR by introducing the coordinate attention for each two successive SwinV2 Transformer Layers (S2TL) and replacing Multi-head Self-Attention (MSA) with Efficient Multi-head Self-Attention version 2 (EMSAv2) to employ the resulting residual SwinV2 Transformer coordinate attention blocks (RSVTCABs) for feature extraction. Additionally, to improve the generalization of RSVTCANet during training, we apply an optimized RandAugment for data augmentation on the training dataset. Extensive experimental results show that RSVTCANet outperforms the recent image SR method regarding visual quality and measures such as PSNR and SSIM.
A deep learning model based glaucoma detection using retinal images
Authors: Ruby Elizabeth J. , Kesavaraja D. , Ebenezer Juliet S.
Published: April 2024

The retinal illness that causes vision loss frequently on the globe is glaucoma. Hence, the earlier detection of Glaucoma is important. In this article, modified AlexNet deep leaning model is proposed to category the source retinal images into either healthy or Glaucoma through the detection and segmentations of optic disc (OD) and optic cup (OC) regions in retinal pictures. The retinal images are preprocessed and OD region is detected and segmented using circulatory filter. Further, OC regions are detected and segmented using K-means classification algorithm. Then, the segmented OD and OC region are classified and trained by the suggested AlexNet deep leaning model. This model classifies the source retinal image into either healthy or Glaucoma. Finally, performance measures have been estimated in relation to ground truth pictures in regards to accuracy, specificity and sensitivity. These performance measures are contrasted with the other previous Glaucoma detection techniques on publicly accessible retinal image datasets HRF and RIGA. The suggested technique as described in this work achieves 91.6% GDR for mild case and also achieves 100% GDR for severe case on HRF dataset. The suggested method as described in this work achieves 97.7% GDR for mild case and also achieves 100% GDR for severe case on RIGA dataset. AIM: Segmenting the OD and OC areas and classifying the source retinal picture as either healthy or glaucoma-affected. METHODS: The retinal images are preprocessed and OD region is detected and segmented using circulatory filter. Further, OC region is detected and segmented using K-means classification algorithm. Then, the segmented OD and OC region classified are and trained by the suggested AlexNet deep leaning model. RESULTS: The suggested method as described in this work achieves 91.6% GDR for mild case and also achieves 100% GDR for severe case on HRF dataset. The suggested method as described in this work achieves 97.7% GDR for mild case and also achieves 100% GDR for severe case on RIGA dataset. CONCLUSION: This article proposes the modified AlexNet deep learning models for the detections of Glaucoma utilizing retinal images. The OD region is detected using circulatory filter and OC region is detected using k-means classification algorithm. The detected OD and OC regions are utilized to classify the retinal images into either healthy or Glaucoma using the suggested AlexNet model. The proposed method obtains 100% Sey, 93.7% Spy and 96.6% CA on HRF dataset retinal images. The proposed AlexNet method obtains 97.7% Sey, 98% Spy and 97.8% CA on RIGA dataset retinal images. The proposed method stated in this article achieves 91.6% GDR for mild case and also achieves 100% GDR for severe case on HRF dataset. The suggested method as described in this work achieves 97.7% GDR for mild case and also achieves 100% GDR for severe case on RIGA dataset.
RETRACTED: PCA-ANN: Feature selection based hybrid intrusion detection system in software defined network
Authors: Nawshin Sabila , Islam Salekul , Shatabda Swakkhar
Published: April 2024

This article has been retracted. A retraction notice can be found at https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-219433.
RETRACTED: An acoustic imaging recognition based cutting tools wear state prediction method
Authors: Hou Junjian , Zhang Bingyu , Zhong Yudong , Zhao Dengfeng , He Wenbin , Zhou Fang
Published: April 2024

This article has been retracted. A retraction notice can be found at https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-219433.
The effect of organizational culture in health services on employee flourishing
Authors: Çağatay Hüseyin Tolga , Demirel Yüksel , Ertuğrul Bekir , Tekinyıldız Esra
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: Culture has an important role in maximizing the value of human capital, which is regarded as the main source of organizational effectiveness. OBJECTIVE: The research was conducted to determine the effect of organizational culture perceptions of healthcare professionals working in a university hospital on employee flourishing. METHODS: It is a descriptive study conducted with 299 healthcare professionals working in a university hospital. “Structured Personal Information Form”, “Denison Organizational Culture Survey” and “New Flourishing Index” to collect the data. In the analysis descriptive statistical methods such as percentage, frequency, arithmetic mean and standard deviation as well as Pearson correlation, linear regression and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to determine the relationship between variables. RESULTS: According to the results of linear regression analysis, it was determined that organizational culture and flourishing were related (F: 88.229; p < 0.05). The organizational culture alone explained 22.6% of flourishing. As a result of multiple regression analysis, it was determined that the relationship between organizational culture sub-dimensions and flourishing was significant (F = 25.975; p < 0.05). The sub-dimensions of organizational culture explained 25.1% of the flourishing. CONCLUSIONS: As a result of the study, it is observed that the perception of organizational culture of healthcare professionals has an impact on flourishing, and therefore the favorable development of organizational culture will contribute positively to employee flourishing. In present conditions, it has become a necessity for health organizations to provide the circumstances that will make all investments that will contribute positively to the flourishing of their employees a part of the organizational culture.
Use Of Special Knowledge During The Investigation Of Knowingly False Testimony Of The Witness And The Victim
Authors: Romanauskas Kristina
Published: April 2024

Fair and objective justice requires compliance by all its participants with legally established principles. At the same time, in law enforcement practice there are cases of falsification of evidence, which is caused by various circumstances, and motivational factors that are guided by the participants in the process, in particular, the witness and the victim. That is why similar acts are criminalized, and the scientific community has an updated task to develop substantiated recommendations for improving the quality of investigations of similar facts. Taking into account the significant importance of special knowledge in similar criminal proceedings, which is evidenced by the analysis of court practice, the purpose of the article is defined as the clarification of typical forms of special knowledge used during the pre-trial investigation of knowingly false statements by witnesses and victims, the specifics of their implementation. Based on the results of the research, it was determined that the appointment of a forensic handwriting examination, a forensic psychiatric examination, a forensic psychological examination, in particular with the use of a polygraph, a forensic telecommunications examination, and less often a technical examination of a document is typical. Each of the outlined forensic examinations has its specifics that need to be considered. Prospects for further scientific research are outlined.
Dignifying Lifelong Learning: The Case of Internships
Authors: Chakraborty Saikat , Chakravarti Sushmita
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this article is to introduce a capabilities-driven perspective through the inculcation of the value of dignity within the context of lifelong learning (LL). Explicating the case of internships and its dimensions of equity, access and regulation, the article explores ways to dignify intern-employer relationships, arguably transitioning the organizational perspective behind LL, from a human capital perspective to a shared objective of human capabilities development.

The internship model of work-integrated learning is at the heart of LL, which has primarily followed a needs-driven perspective of human capital development. A dignity-centric approach to the dimensions of equity, access, and regulation, can elevate shared areas of development and introduce a capabilities-driven perspective that dignifies internship experiences for interns and employers. Through this lens, equitable treatment primarily addresses compensation, performance, and work quality in internships, while access and regulation introduce novel approaches to balance and govern intern-employer relationships. In doing so, this paper challenges the needs-driven perspective that dominates learning and development in organizations and offers a strategic vision for LL within the future of work agenda.

This short article is written as a viewpoint based on the author’s learnings and experiences of teaching a masters’ level course entitled ‘The future of work and human dignity’ and drawing particularly on the module of work-integrated learning. The perspectives have also been informed by informal discussions with practitioners considering the research spurring in this area.
Применение в учебном процессе с целью повышения теоретической подготовки будущих дизайнеров
Authors: Асылханова Асель
Published: April 2024

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ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ИНОЯЗЫЧНОЙ КОММУНИКАТИВНОЙ КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ СТУДЕНТОВ НЕЯЗЫКОВОГО ВУЗА
Authors: Мусина С.К. Мусина С.К.
Published: April 2024

В данной работе исследованы современные тенденции «компетентности» и «компетентности». Формированиеконцепция знания представлена ​​уже много лет назад; умения включают теоретическую базу, определениеноменклатура, иерархия знаний, умений и навыков, способы их формирования, контроля и оценки. Этотпонятие до сих пор является основополагающим для многих воспитателей и преподавателей средних и высших учебных заведений.
Пути улучшения качества питьевой воды Акмолинской области и меры по ее совершенствованию
Authors: Смагулова Эльмира , Махауова Эльвира
Published: April 2024

В статье рассмотрены вопросы и методы очистки питьевой воды (Вячеславского) водохранилища Астаны, описаны основные особенности, достоинства и недостатки
Керамикалық тақташа өндірісіндегі өзекті мәселе
Authors: ка Жанар , Оспан Нұргүл
Published: April 2024

Мақалада керамикалық тақташа өндірісі жағдайының сараптамасы жасалынды. Керамикалық тақташаны өндірісіндегі ең өзекті мәселе өндірісті сапалы шикізатпен қамтамасыз ету болып отыр.
Особеннось дешифрирования пространственных объектов по космическим снимкам в программе “ЕRDAS IMAGINIE”
Authors: Баланбаев Даулет
Published: April 2024

В данной статье рассматриваются общее понятие дешифрирования космических снимков и его особенности в современном мире; некоторые способы использования автоматической (кластерной) и контролируемой (с обучением) классификаций, которые заложены в программе Erdas Imagine. На отдельных примерах анализируются результаты дешифрирования пространственных объектов
Болашақ мамандарға кәсіби білім беруде композиция заңдылықтарын оқытудың ғылыми теориялық негіздері
Authors: Самуратова Тәттігүл , Наурызбаева Айгүл
Published: April 2024

Мақалада көркемдік білім берудің бір бағыты - композиция заңдылықтарын оқыту мазмұндалады. Композициялық сурет салу –шығармашылық іс-әрекетке жатады, шығармашылық жұмыс, білім мен ой әрекетін қажет етеді. Композицияның заңдылықтарын үйретуге арналған жаттығулар сипатталады. Сондай-ақ, тәжірибелік эксперимент жұмыстарының қорытындысы берілген
Исследование преимущества использования экзотермических вставок
Authors: Баймаканова Жанаргуль
Published: April 2024

В данной работе предлагается разработка и внедрение новых видов экзотермических вставок вместо прибыльной части отливок, также рассмотрены разные варианты технологии применения экзотермических вставок по маркам сплава используемых на территории ТОО «ПОЛЗ».
Мұнай өңдеу кешені елдің экономикалық қауіпсіздігінің негізі
Authors: Садыкова Жанна , Көшек А.С. Көшек А.С.
Published: April 2024

Бұл мақалада мұнай өңдеу кешендерін елдің экономикасын қауіпсіздігін қорғау және экономикалық даму үдерісін жетілдіру жолдары мен шешімдері қарастырылады. Сонымен қатар Қазақстан 2050 стратегиясы бойынша еліміздің экономикасы мықты дамыған 30 ірі мемлекеттердің қатарына кіру мәселесі қарастырылады.
Заманауи өнердің дизайн саласындағы қалыптасуы және оның өзара байланысы
Authors: Беласаров Б.Б. Беласаров Б.Б.
Published: April 2024

Бұл мақалада қазіргі заманғы өнер, оның қалыптасуы, әсері және дизайнмен байланысы қарастырылады. Өткен ғасырда ғылым мен технология дамыған және әлі де дамып келе жатқандығының арқасында бұл кескіннің құрамы, үйлесімі, түсі мен құрылымдық ырғағының өзгеруіне әсер етті. Осылайша, дүниетаным түсінігі өзгерді. Сондай-ақ, өткен ғасырдың суретшілері мен қолөнершілерінің өнімдері мен өнімдерінің әлемін жаңаша таныстырудың, жаңа идеяларды ұсынудың және іске асырудың жолын қосқан өзгерістер нәтижесінде болды.
Сәулет мамандығына инженерлік графика пәнінен оқытудағы мәселелер мен оларды шешу жолдары
Authors: Есекешова М.Д. Есекешова М.Д. , Тулеуова Тулеуова Г.К.
Published: April 2024

Мақалада білім алушылардың дайындығының төмен деңгейімен байланысты "инженерлік графика" пәнін игерудің өзекті мәселелері қарастырылып, оқыту процесін үш кезеңге бөлу арқылы оларды шешу жолдары ұсынылды: оқыту әдісі, оқыту әдісі және бақылау әдісі.