bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What do adolescents think about vaccines? Systematic review of qualitative studies
Authors: Mitchell Hana , Lim Rebecca , Gill Prubjot K. , Dhanoa Joban , Dubé Ève , Bettinger Julie A.
Published: September 2022

Adolescence presents a key opportunity to build vaccine-related health literacy and promote vaccine confidence and uptake. Although adolescents are central to vaccination programs, their views around vaccines are frequently underrepresented in qualitative literature. We reviewed qualitative studies to systematically identify and summarize existing evidence on adolescents’ own understanding of vaccines and experiences with vaccine decision-making, including self-consent when applicable. CINAHL; Embase; Ovid Medline; and Psych Info database searches were last updated on May 28, 2022. Data pertaining to general study characteristics, participant demographics, and qualitative content were extracted independently by two reviewers and analyzed using textual narrative synthesis. Out of 3559 individual records, 59 studies were included. The majority of the studies were conducted in high-income countries and 75% focused on human papilloma virus vaccines, with the remaining studies looking at COVID-19, meningococcal, hepatitis B and influenza vaccines or adolescent experiences with vaccines in general. Adolescent self-consent was explored in 7 studies. Perspectives from sexual and gender minorities were lacking across studies. Adolescents often had limited understanding of different vaccines and commonly perceived vaccine information to be directed towards their parents rather than themselves. Many adolescents felt school-based vaccine education and information available through healthcare providers were insufficient to make informed decisions about vaccines. While adolescents described obtaining vaccine information from traditional and online media, face-to-face interactions and opinions from trusted adults remained important. Adolescents generally relied on their parents for vaccine-decision making, even when self-consent was an option. A notable exception to this included marginalized adolescents who could not rely on parents for health-related advice. Qualitative literature about adolescent vaccines would be enriched by studies examining vaccines other than the HPV vaccine, studies examining adolescent vaccine programs in low and middle-income countries, and by deliberately eliciting vaccine experiences of adolescent with diverse sexual orientation and gender identities.
The Chinese assessment of physical literacy: Based on grounded theory paradigm for children in grades 3–6
Authors: YongKang Wang , QianQian Fu
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study is to construct and validate “physical literacy self-assessment questionnaire” (PLAQ) for Chinese students in grades 3–6. This study uses qualitative and quantitative methods to construct evaluation indicators of PL and determine the weights of each indicator. The 60 items of original PLAQ was based on literature review and interviews, and administered to 1179 primary students graded 3–6 in China. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) are used to optimize the structure and verify the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. The model of PLAQ is composed of 4 first-level indicators, 10 second-level indicators and 35 third-level indicators. The results of EFA and CFA resulted in a 44-items, 4-factor questionnaire. EFA item loadings ranged from 0.558 to 0.896, and Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.818 to 0.892. The results of CFA show that the constructed model fits well, and PLAQ has good convergent validity and discriminative validity. The PLAQ appeared to be reliable and valid that can be used as an assessment tool for students in grades 3–6. PLAQ can be used as a guide for the development of PL. Additionally, PLAQ gives us a shared understanding about what PL is and how it can be developed by Chinese children. However, studies on the accuracy and generalizability of the PLAQ should be conducted to improve it in the future.
Time perspective predicts levels of anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 outbreak: A cross-cultural study
Authors: Micillo Luigi , Rioux Pier-Alexandre , Mendoza Esteban , Kübel Sebastian L. , Cellini Nicola , Van Wassenhove Virginie , Grondin Simon , Mioni Giovanna
Published: September 2022

The COVID-19 outbreak and governmental measures to keep the population safe had a great impact on many aspects of society, including well-being. Using data from N = 1281 participants from six countries (Argentina, France, Greece, Italy, Japan, and Turkey), we first explored differences in anxiety, depression (measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; HADS), and time perspectives (Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory; ZTPI), between these countries during the first weeks of the pandemic. We observed that Turkish participants reported the highest levels of anxiety, and Japanese and Greek the lowest. For depression symptoms, the Japanese scored highest and Italians lowest. Next, for each country, we investigated how well the relatively time-stable personality traits of time perspectives, chronotype (reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire; rMEQ), and Big Five personality traits (short Big Five Inventory; BFI) predicted the levels of anxiety and depression (HADS). The regression analyses showed that negative attitudes towards the past predicted the levels of both anxiety and depression in most of the countries we analyzed. Additionally, in many countries, a Past Positive orientation negatively predicted depression whereas the Present Fatalistic subscale predicted anxiety and depression. The chronotype did not contribute additionally to the models. The Big Five traits (and particularly neuroticism) showed substantial incremental explanatory power for anxiety in some countries but did not consistently predict anxiety levels. For depression, the additional variance accounted for by including the BFI as predictors was rather small. Importantly, the ZTPI subscales were retained as significant predictors in the model still when the BFI and rMEQ were considered as potential predictors. Our results yield evidence that the ZTPI time perspectives are valuable predictors for anxiety and depression levels during the first period of the pandemic.
Validating the diagnostic performance of MUAC in screening moderate acute malnutrition and developing an optimal cut-off for under five children of different regions in Ethiopia
Authors: Lambebo Abera , Mezemir Yordanos , Tamiru Dessalegn , Belachew Tefera
Published: September 2022

Background

Valid and reliable anthropometric indicator is useful for early detection and treatment for under nutrition. Although, mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) is used for screening of children with moderate acute malnutrition in Ethiopia, its performance for the different ethnic groups has not been evaluated.

Objective

To determine the diagnostic performance of MUAC for determination of moderate wasting among children of different ethnic background and develop optimal cut-off.

Methods

A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among under five children of the three regions namely: Somalia, Amhara and Gambella Regions. The diagnostic performance of MUAC was validated using weight for height Z-score< -2 as a gold standard binary classifier. Test variable is mid upper arm circumference (MUAC< 12.5cm) and weight for height Z-Score (WHZ) is standard variable. ROC analysis performed based on the assumptions of MUAC value lower the cut-off point indicates the undernutrition. Area under the curve and validity measures (sensitivity and specificity) was generated as parameter estimated. The results were presented using tables and ROC curves.

Results

Except in the Gambella region, there was fair agreement between MUC<12.5cm and Weight for Height Z score<-2 in diagnosing wasting in Somali (Sensitivity = 29.3%, Kappa = 0.325, P<0.001) and in Gambella regions (Sensitivity = 16.7%, Kappa = 0.19, P<0.001). In Amhara region there was fair agreement between the two measures in diagnosing moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) (Sensitivity = 16%, Kappa = 0.216). For the Overall sample, the sensitivity of MUAC<12.5cm was 20.6% (Kappa = 0.245, P<0.001. Based on ROC analysis, the optimal cutoff value of MUAC for diagnosing moderate acute malnutrition for the two regions namely for Gambella and Amhara was 13.85cm with sensitivity of 0.99 and 1.00, respectively. However, for Somali Region the optimal cut was 13.75cm (Sensitivity = 0.98 cm and specificity = 0.71).

Conclusion

Findings revealed that the inter reliability of measurement for MUAC< 12.5cm and WHZ<-2 for diagnosing MAM was low among different ethnic groups with the cut-off varying in each region. The existing cutoff point is less sensitive for diagnosis of MAM. As Ethiopia is home of diverse ethnic groups with different body frame and environmental conditions, the new cut off points developed for each region recommended to be used for screening moderate acute malnutrition to prevent relapse of MAM and reduce chronic malnutrition.
The association between different body mass index levels and midterm surgical revascularization outcomes
Authors: Masoudkabir Farzad , Yavari Negin , Jameie Mana , Pashang Mina , Sadeghian Saeed , Salarifar Mojtaba , Jalali Arash , Ahmadi Tafti Seyed Hossein , Abbasi Kiomars , Salehi Omran Abbas , Momtahen Shahram , Mansourian Soheil , Shirzad Mahmood , Bagheri Jamshid , Barkhordari Khosro , Karimi Abbasali
Published: September 2022

Background

There are conflicting results regarding the relationship between overweight/obesity and the outcomes of coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), termed “the obesity paradox”. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of body mass index (BMI) on the midterm outcomes of CABG.

Methods

This historical cohort study included all patients who underwent isolated CABG at our center between 2007 and 2016. The patients were divided into five categories based on their preoperative BMIs (kg/m2): 18.5≤BMI<25, 25≤BMI<30, 30≤BMI<35, 35≤BMI<40, and BMI≥40. Patients with BMIs below 18.5 kg/m2were excluded. The endpoints of this study were all-cause mortality and major adverse cardio-cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), comprising acute coronary syndromes, cerebrovascular accidents, and all-cause mortality at five years. For the assessment of the linearity of the relationship between continuous BMI and the outcomes, plots for time varying hazard ratio of BMI with outcomes were provided.

Results

Of 17 751 patients (BMI = 27.30 ±4.17 kg/m2) who underwent isolated CABG at our center, 17 602 patients (mean age = 61.16±9.47 y, 75.4% male) were included in this study. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that patients with pre-obesity and normal weight had similar outcomes, whereas patients with preoperative BMIs exceeding 30 kg/m2kg/m2had a significantly higher risk of 5-year all-cause mortality and 5-year MACCEs than those with pre-obesity. Additionally, a positive association existed between obesity degree and all-cause mortality and MACCEs. Further, BMIs of 40 kg/m2or higher showed a trend toward higher MACCE risks (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.32; 95% confidence interval, 0.89 to 1.95), possibly due to the small sample size. A nonlinear, albeit negligible, association was also found between continuous BMI and the study endpoints.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that preoperative obesity (BMI>30 kg/m2) in patients who survive early after CABG is associated with an increased risk of 5-year all-cause mortality and 5-year MACCEs. These findings indicate that physicians and cardiac surgeons should encourage patients with high BMIs to reduce weight for risk modification.
Utility of periodic medical questionnaires and examinations for immune-related adverse event screening: A prospective observational study
Authors: Azuma Takeshi , Kano Masato , Iwata Shohei , Honda Sachi , Miyoshi Yuji , Nishiguchi Junko
Published: September 2022

Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs) specific to the immunity-boosting activity of the drugs and may necessitate discontinuation of treatment depending on their severity. IrAEs may be difficult to diagnose in their early stages as they can occur in any organ. The present, prospective, observational study is the first to attempt to assess the utility of periodic medical questionnaires and laboratory, radiological, and physiological examinations in diagnosing irAEs.

Methods

We analyzed 51 patients who received immunotherapy for metastatic renal or urothelial carcinoma at Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center between 2016 and 2020. A medical questionnaire consisting of 41 questions and laboratory tests were administered to the patients on the day of each ICI administration and 1 week afterwards. A significant complaint was defined as a complaint not addressed in the questionnaire immediately prior to the first ICI administration.

Results

Fifty-one patients with metastatic renal or urothelial carcinoma were enrolled. The mean age was 72.1 years (range: 54–88 years). The male: female ratio was 32: 19. Of the total cohort, 26 (51%) patients had renal carcinoma, and 25 (49%) had urothelial carcinoma. The median follow-up time was 2.6 (range: 0.4–40.7) months. Thirty-three patients (65%) experienced irAEs.

Conclusions

In our cohort, periodic medical questionnaires and examinations were effective for early diagnosis and prompt treatment of irAEs. Although periodic examinations led to a high irAE diagnosis rate, the attendant medical cost was high. Further study is needed to find ways of addressing this issue.
The mediating role of green innovation and green culture in the relationship between green human resource management and environmental performance
Authors: Fang Liuyue , Shi Shengxu , Gao Jingzu , Li Xiayun
Published: September 2022

There is evidence in the literature that green HRM practices improve environmental profitability. On the other hand, existing research has failed to explain how GHRM can support the development of a green culture and green innovation influence the firm’s environmental performance and long-term growth. This study investigates the relationship between GHRM, green culture, green innovation, and a firm’s environmental performance. In addition, the study examines the mediating role of green culture and green innovation in the relationship between GHRM and environmental performance. This research conducts a large-scale study of 290 employees from Manufacturing firms in Malaysia. The research results provide managers with a better knowledge of how GHRM helps develop sustainable culture and green innovation and how these elements contribute to the improvement of environmental performance inside the organization. This study also makes a significant contribution in terms of novelty and research relevance by demonstrating that green culture and green innovation positively mediate the relationship between GHRM and environmental performance in a sustainable manner. Managers will understand the GHRM required to develop an ecologically conscious culture and promote green innovation among environmentally conscious employees. Finally, we highlighted the importance of this study for top management in the sense of mediating the role of green culture and green innovation and the consequences for future generations of responsible managers who will acquire this knowledge.
Strengthening government’s response to COVID-19 in Indonesia: A modified Delphi study of medical and health academics
Authors: Mahendradhata Yodi , Lestari Trisasi , Djalante Riyanti
Published: September 2022

The Indonesian government has issued various policies to control COVID-19. However, COVID-19 new cases continued to increase, and there remain uncertainties as to the future trajectory. We aimed to investigate how medical and health academics view the Indonesian government’s handling of COVID-19 and which areas of health systems need to be prioritized to improve the government’s response to COVID-19. We conducted a modified Delphi study adapting the COVID-19 assessment scorecard (COVID-SCORE) as the measurement criteria. We invited medical and health academics from ten universities across Indonesia to take part in the two-round Delphi study. In the first round, participants were presented with 20 statements of COVID-SCORE and asked to rate their agreement with each statement using a five-point Likert scale. All participants who completed the first cycle were invited to participate in the second cycle. They had the opportunity to revise their answers based on the previous cycle’s results and ranked a list of actions to improve government response. We achieved a moderate consensus level for five statements, a low consensus level for 13 statements and no consensus for two statements. The prioritization suggested that top priorities for improving the government’s response to COVID-19 in Indonesia encompass: (1) strengthening capacity to ensure consistent, credible and targeted communication while adopting a more inclusive and empathic communication style to address public concerns; (2) ensuring universal access to reliable COVID-19 testing by expanding lab infrastructure, facilitating operational readiness, and scaling up implementation of proven alternative/complementary tests to RT-PCR; and (3) boosting contact tracing implementation capacity and facilitating contact tracing for all positive cases, involving key stakeholders in further development of the existing contact tracing system (i.e. PeduliLindungi) as well as its evaluation and quality assurance. Ultimately, our study highlights the importance of strengthening health system functions during the pandemic and improving health system resilience for dealing with future public health emergencies.
A machine learning approach in the non-invasive prediction of intracranial pressure using Modified Photoplethysmography
Authors: Abdul-Rahman Anmar , Morgan William , Yu Dao-Yi
Published: September 2022

The ideal Intracranial pressure (ICP) estimation method should be accurate, reliable, cost-effective, compact, and associated with minimal morbidity/mortality. To this end several described non-invasive methods in ICP estimation have yielded promising results, however the reliability of these techniques have yet to supersede invasive methods of ICP measurement. Over several publications, we described a novel imaging method of Modified Photoplethysmography in the evaluation of the retinal vascular pulse parameters decomposed in the Fourier domain, which enables computationally efficient information filtering of the retinal vascular pulse wave. We applied this method in a population of 21 subjects undergoing lumbar puncture manometry. A regression model was derived by applying an Extreme Gradient Boost (XGB) machine learning algorithm using retinal vascular pulse harmonic regression waveform amplitude (HRWa), first and second harmonic cosine and sine coefficients (an1,2, bn1,2) among other features. Gain and SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) values ranked feature importance in the model. Agreement between the predicted ICP mean, median and peak density with measured ICP was assessed using Bland-Altman bias±standard error. Feature gain of intraocular pressure (IOPi) (arterial = 0.6092, venous = 0.5476), and of the Fourier coefficients, an1 (arterial = 0.1000, venous = 0.1024) ranked highest in the XGB model for both vascular systems. The arterial model SHAP values demonstrated the importance of the laterality of the tested eye (1.2477), which was less prominent in the venous model (0.8710). External validation was achieved using seven hold-out test cases, where the median venous predicted ICP showed better agreement with measured ICP. Although the Bland-Altman bias from the venous model (0.034±1.8013 cm water (p<0.99)) was lower compared to that of the arterial model (0.139±1.6545 cm water (p<0.94)), the arterial model provided a potential avenue for internal validation of the prediction. This approach can potentially be integrated into a neurological clinical decision algorithm to evaluate the indication for lumbar puncture.
Enhancement of curcumin level and hepatoprotective effect in rats through antioxidant activity following modification into nanosized particles
Authors: Sandhiutami Ni Made Dwi , Dewi Rika Sari , Khairani Sondang , Putri Raka Nitya Agasti
Published: September 2022

Background and Aim: Developing curcumin into nanosized particles is one of the approaches to overcome the limited use of curcumin. This study aimed to prepare curcumin into nanosized particles to increase the curcumin level in the rat's liver and hepatoprotective effect in rats.

Materials and Methods: Curcumin into nanosized particles formulated using ionic gelation method. Rats were divided into four groups (n = 6): Normal, negative, curcumin, and curcumin modified into nanosized particles were treated with 100 mg/ kg body weight orally for 14 days. Hepatic curcumin level was investigated using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, antioxidant activity by malondialdehyde (MDA), and hepatoprotective effect by aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and histopathology.

Results: The curcumin level in the rat's liver in the curcumin group was 12.19 ng/mL, and that in those receiving modified into nanosized curcumin was 209.36 ng/mL. The MDA levels in the normal, negative, curcumin, and curcumin modified into nanosized particles groups were 1.88, 4.87, 3.38, and 1.04 nmol/L, respectively. The AST levels in these groups were 57.12, 130.00, 102.13, and 74.28 IU/L, and the ALT levels were 21.63, 61.97, 39.38, and 28.55 IU/L. The liver histopathology scoring showed that curcumin in nanosized particles was better than curcumin in degeneration of fat, lymphocyte infiltration, and necrosis.

Conclusion: There was a 17 times increase in curcumin level in the liver of rats treated with curcumin modified into nanosized particles. Curcumin modified into nanosized particles showed more significant improvement as antioxidant and hepatoprotector than curcumin.
Phenotypes and Prognostic Factors of Syringomyelia in Single-Center Patients With Chiari I Malformation: Moniliform Type as a Special Configuration
Authors: Lu Chunli , Ma Longbing , Yuan Chenghua , Cheng Lei , Wang Xinyu , Duan Wanru , Wang Kai , Chen Zan , Wu Hao , Zeng Gao , Jian Fengzeng
Published: September 2022

Objective: The specific association between morphometric characteristics of the syrinx and the prognosis of Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) with syringomyelia following surgical procedure seems to have not been fully elaborated. This study focused on the preoperative clinical and radiologic parameters in CM-I patients with syringomyelia to find out the relationship between the patients’ clinical status and the phenotypes of the syrinx with surgical outcome.Methods: A continuous series of pediatric and adult patients with CM-I and syringomyelia from a prospectively maintained database in a single center were included, and we explored the related factors affecting the prognosis following decompression surgery through retrospective analysis of clinical presentations, imaging characteristics, and the morphological features of syringomyelia, to provide a clinical reference for the treatment of syringomyelia.Results: There were 28 pediatric patients (13.8%), and 174 adults (86.2%) included in our study. The average Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale score was 14.56 ± 1.78. The overall prognosis after surgery was good in our series, among them 152 cases (75.25%) with a favorable prognosis, and syrinx was resolved effectively in 172 cases (85.15%). According to the univariate and multivariate analyses, the preoperative symptom duration, observation time, and with/without moniliform type were independent factors affecting the prognosis in adults. The most obvious difference between moniliform type and nonmoniliform type lies in the preoperative symptom duration, ventral subarachnoid space at the foramen magnum, and with/without straightened cervical physio-curve.Conclusion: Timely decompression surgery could achieve a better outcome in CM-I patients with syringomyelia. Moniliform syringomyelia may suggest a relatively better prognosis.
Spinal Cord Injury Provoked Neuropathic Pain and Spasticity, and Their GABAergic Connection
Authors: Bhagwani Ankita , Chopra Manjeet , Kumar Hemant
Published: September 2022

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is the devastating neurological damage to the spinal cord that becomes more complicated in the secondary phase. The secondary injury comes with inevitable long-lasting complications, such as chronic neuropathic pain (CNP) and spasticity which interfere with day to day activities of SCI patients. Mechanisms underlying CNP post-SCI are complex and remain refractory to current medical treatment. Due to the damage, extensive inhibitory, excitatory tone dysregulation causes maladaptive synaptic transmissions, further altering the nociceptive and nonnociceptive pathways. Excitotoxicity mediated GABAergic cell loss, downregulation of glutamate acid decarboxylase enzyme, upregulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporters, overactivation of glutamate receptors are some of the key evidence for hypoactive inhibitory tone contributing to CNP and spasticity post-SCI. Restoring the inhibitory GABAergic tone and preventing damage-induced excitotoxicity by employing various strategies provide neuroprotective and analgesic effects. The present article will discuss CNP and spasticity post-SCI, understanding their pathophysiological mechanisms, especially GABA-glutamate-related mechanisms, therapeutic interventions targeting them, and progress regarding how regulating the excitatory-inhibitory tone may lead to more targeted treatments for these distressing complications. Taking background knowledge of GABAergic analgesia and recent advancements, we aim to highlight how far we have reached in promoting inhibitory GABAergic tone for SCI-CNP and spasticity.
Effects of D-Serine and MK-801 on Neuropathic Pain and Functional Recovery in a Rat Model of Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Yu Dongwoo , Mun Seul Ah , Kim Sang Woo , Cho Dae-Chul , Kim Chi Heon , Han Inbo , Lee Subum , Lee Sang-Woo , Kim Kyoung-Tae
Published: September 2022

Objective: Neuropathic pain is a common secondary complication of spinal cord injury (SCI). N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation is critical for hypersensitivity in neuropathic pain. This activation requires the binding of both glutamate and the D-serine co-agonist to the NMDA glycine site. We evaluated the effects of D-serine on neuropathic pain after SCI and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms.Methods: Anesthetized rats underwent T9 spinal cord contusion (130 kdyn). D-serine (500 and 1,000 mg/kg) and MK-801 hydrogen maleate (2.0 mg/kg) were injected daily for 2 weeks, starting the day after SCI. Functional outcomes were assessed according to the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scale, while histological outcomes were evaluated based on lesion volume and spared tissue area. Mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia were evaluated by measuring the withdrawal threshold of a von Frey filament and hot/cold plate latency. Western blotting was performed to determine the expression levels of Trpv1, Nav1.9, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and β-actin in damaged tissue.Results: The withdrawal threshold values and latency of the D-serine group were significantly lower than those of the noninjection group. The MK-801 group showed higher threshold values and latencies than the other groups. Western blotting showed increased Nav1.9 and Trpv1 levels and lower CGRP levels in the D-serine group, whereas the MK-801 group showed the opposite results.Conclusion: D-serine increases neuropathic pain after traumatic SCI by mediating the NMDA receptor. NMDA receptor antagonists alleviate neuropathic pain after traumatic SCI.
Effect of Acute Physical Interventions on Pathophysiology and Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature
Authors: Lewis Nicholle E. , Tabarestani Troy Q. , Cellini Brianna R. , Zhang Nina , Marrotte Eric J. , Wang Haichen , Laskowitz Daniel T. , Abd-El-Barr Muhammad M. , Faw Timothy D.
Published: September 2022

Physical rehabilitation is essential for enhancing recovery in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI); however, aside from early surgical intervention and hemodynamic management, there are no proven interventions for promoting recovery in the acute phase. In general, early rehabilitation is considered beneficial, but optimal parameters and potential contraindications for implementing rehabilitation at very early time points are unclear. Moreover, clinical trials to date are limited to studies initiating rehabilitation 2 weeks after injury and later. To address these gaps, this article reviews the preclinical literature on physical interventions initiated within the first 8 days postinjury. Effects of early rehabilitation on molecular and structural nervous system changes, behavioral function, and body systems are considered. Most studies utilized treadmill or cycle training as the primary intervention. Treadmill training initiated within the first 3 days and terminated by 1 week after injury worsened autonomic function, inflammation, and locomotor outcomes, while swim training during this period increased microvascular dysfunction. In contrast, lower-intensity rehabilitation such as reach training, ladder training, or voluntary wheel or ball training showed benefits when implemented during the first 3 days. Rehabilitation initiated at 4 days postinjury was also associated with enhanced motor recovery. Cycling appears to have the greatest risk-benefit ratio; however, the effects of cycle training in the first 3 days were not investigated. Overall, research suggests that lower intensity or voluntary rehabilitation during the hyperacute phase is more appropriate until at least 4 days postinjury, at which point higher-intensity activity becomes safer and more beneficial for recovery.
Mechanical performance of asphalt mixture composed of asphalt binder modified with sunflower oil
Authors: Régis Carvalho Jeovanesa , Grangeiro de Barros Ablenya , De Figueiredo Lopes Lucena Adriano Elísio , Régis Queiroz Rita Flávia , Beserra Costa Daniel , Ferreira Soares Antonio Leomar , De Negreiros Duarte Érika Vitória
Published: September 2022

Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) refers to a variety of asphalt mixtures produced at lower temperatures than those conventionally used to produce hot mixture asphalt. These reductions in the production temperatures provide social, economic, and environmental gains. This study aimed to investigate the mechanical properties of asphalt mixtures composed of asphalt binders modified with sunflower oil at the addition contents of 1%, 2%, and 3%. Indirect tensile strength, resilient modulus, water sensitivity, dynamic modulus, rutting resistance, and fatigue life of the asphalt mixtures were evaluated. Results showed that the mechanical performance of asphalt mixtures composed of oil-modified asphalt binder decreased compared to that of the mixture with neat asphalt binder, even though all of them are suitable for application in surface courses according to the current technical requirements for asphalt concretes. However, asphalt mixtures with sunflower oil-modified binders presented enhances in adhesion, which indicates less susceptibility to moisture than their equivalent non-modified.
Bolivianas en Argentina, brasileñas en Portugal y colombianas en España
Authors: Souto-García Andrea , Ambort María Eugenia
Published: September 2022

Esta investigación analiza comparativamente las migraciones de las mujeres bolivianas en Argentina, las brasileñas en Portugal y las colombianas en España. Desde una aproximación interseccional que ubicamos en la colonialidad, abordamos los impactos del género, la raza y la clase, sobre sus trayectorias en el espacio social transnacional. A partir de un trabajo de campo multisituado consistente en 65 entrevistas en profundidad realizadas a mujeres migrantes en La Plata, Porto, São Paulo y Madrid entre los años 2017 y 2019, rastreamos los procesos de etnosexualización diferenciada a que son sometidas bolivianas, brasileñas y colombianas. La configuración de distintos femeninos que, al ser mediados por la política sexual/migratoria, se transfiguran en cuerpos-trabajo, son la forma que asume la inserción de estas migrantes del Sur a los circuitos globales de supervivencia.
Análisis de las migraciones y el cambio climático
Authors: Vallejos Mihotek Mara Luana , Rejas Ayuga Juan Gregorio
Published: September 2022

El principal objetivo de esta investigación es avanzar en la comprensión de las causas que implican a los procesos migratorios producidos en las últimas décadas en el Corredor Seco Mesoamericano. Para ello se analiza una variable estrechamente relacionada como es el cambio de la cobertura del terreno y de los usos del suelo, agudizado por los efectos del cambio climático en esta región, una de las más vulnerables de la Tierra según el último informe del Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) de 2019. Se han utilizado para ello datos espaciales del Programa Europeo Copernicus y registros históricos de la NASA, y se ha analizado la relación entre la estimación de la población según los modelos GPWv4 y WorldPop y los cambios en la vegetación a partir de datos MODIS para 2015 y 2020. Se discuten los primeros resultados y se exponen conclusiones concordantes con las investigaciones internacionales.
A Special Clinical Scenario for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: “Iatrogenic Double-Outlet” Left Ventricle
Authors: Postalian Alexander , Kuchibhotla Sudeep , Koneru Srikanth , Strickman Neil E.
Published: September 2022

A 67-year-old man with a history of chest radiotherapy and severe aortic valve stenosis with calcification of the ascending aortic wall underwent implantation of an apicoaortic conduit from the left ventricular apex to the descending aorta. Eight years later, he presented with progressive exertional dyspnea. Imaging revealed severe native aortic valve insufficiency and calcification, with worsening left ventricular function. We decided to leave the apicoaortic conduit intact and perform transcatheter aortic valve replacement with a balloon-expandable prosthesis. Despite concerns that eliminating the obstruction across the native left ventricular outflow tract might decrease conduit flow and eventually cause graft thrombosis and peripheral embolization, we elected to move forward after a multidisciplinary discussion. The procedure resulted in angiographically and qualitatively similar forward flow across the newly implanted prosthesis and the existing apicoaortic conduit, with no hemodynamic or electrical dysfunction. The patient was discharged from the hospital the next day. At the 1-month follow-up visit, the patient felt well and reported marked functional improvement, with minimal symptoms during moderate to heavy exertion. The stroke volume index across the new bioprosthetic valve was low (13 mL/m2 at 1 mo and 18 mL/m2 at 1 y), suggesting that a substantial amount of blood was still exiting the ventricle through the left ventricle-to-aorta conduit. This report offers some guidance for treating patients with existing apicoaortic conduits and suggests that transcatheter aortic valve replacement is safe and effective if native aortic valve insufficiency develops.
Pelaksanaan Pengawasan Majelis Pengawas Daerah Terhadap Kode Etik Notaris Di Kabupaten Grobogan
Authors: Lutviandany Auly , Wisnaeni Fifiana , Cahyaningtyas Irma
Published: September 2022

With such a large responsibility of the notary on the community, all the rights and obligations given need supervision. The establishment of the MPD in Grobogan Regency is the implementation of a notary supervisory body that carries out a supervisory function in accordance with the mandate of the law. In practice, there are still many cases committed by notaries. The purpose of this research is to study and analyze the implementation of the supervision of the Regional Supervisory Council for the code of ethics of Notaries in Grobogan Regency. The research method used by researchers is juridical empirical. The result of the research is that the implementation of MPD's supervision of the notary's Code of Ethics in Grobogan Regency has not been able to run optimally in accordance with the ideals in UUJN and statutory regulations. The factors that hinder the implementation of the code of ethics supervision of notaries in Grobogan Regency include internal and external factors.Keywords : implementation; supervision; notaryAbstrakSeiring dengan tanggung jawab notaris yang begitu besar pada masyarakat, maka segala hak dan kewajiban yang diberikan tersebut perlu adanya mekanisme pengawasan. Pembentukan MPD di Kabupaten Grobogan merupakan implementasi suatu badan pengawas notaris yang menjalankan fungsi pengawasan sesuai amanat perundang-undangan. Dalam praktiknya masih sering terdapat berbagai pelanggaran yang dilakukan notaris. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji dan menganalisis pelaksanaan pengawasan Majelis Pengawas Daerah terhadap kode etik Notaris di Kabupaten Grobogan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan oleh peneliti adalah yuridis empiris. Hasil Penelitian adalah pelaksanaan pengawasan MPD terhadap Kode Etik notaris di Kabupaten Grobogan belum dapat berjalan secara maksimal sesuai dengan cita-cita di dalam UUJN dan peraturan perundang-undangan. Hal yang menjadi faktor penghambat pelaksanaan pengawasan kode etik terhadap notaris di Kabupaten Grobogan diantaranya adalah faktor internal dan eksternal.Kata Kunci : pelaksanaan; pengawasan; notaris
Dampak Hukum Dan Non Hukum Perkawinan Adat Ngemblok Di Kabupaten Rembang
Authors: Mutoharoh Mutoharoh , Purwoatmodjo Djumadi
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe sprawling pattern in sebang county is known as bogging. Ngemblock is a tradition of proposing to men form women with a panjer. The unique ngemblock tradition is that there are consequences of a long return. The writing purposes to analyze and identify the reasons people still carry out the ngemblock tradition, the impact of the law and non-law phenomenon in Rembang county. The research method used in this article is empirical juridical with a descriptive qualitive approach. Research (1) The reason people in the remand community still carry out the ngemblock tradition viewed asa legacy, a society with a higher view of the male position than the female, the presence of a dwelling determined that the observance of the tradition and the failure of the law and non law would have no legal effect on the bride and groom who had no legal effect. For both female an male candidates who drop off the strong roots in society have become a code of customary laws that live in the community. Remitting societies are expected to maintain and preserve the ngemblock tradition as unique ancestral legacyKeywords : customary marriage law; boys, ngemblock; womenAbstrakPola peminangan di Kabupaten Rembang dikenal dengan ngemblok. Ngemblok merupakan tradisi lamaran dari perempuan kepada laki-laki dengan membawa panjer. Uniknya tradisi ngemblok ialah ada konsekuensi pengembalian panjer. Tujuan penulisan untuk menganalisis dan mengidentifikasi alasan masyarakat tetap melaksanakan tradisi ngemblok, dampak hukum dan non hukum fenomena ngemblok di Kabupaten Rembang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada artikel ini adalah yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian (1) Alasan masyarakat Rembang masih melaksanakan tradisi ngemblok karena dipandang sebagai warisan leluhur, masyarakat berpandangan kedudukan laki-laki lebih tinggi dibandingkan perempuan, keberadaan tempat tinggal menentukan masyarakat mentaati dan tidaknya tradisi (2) Dampak hukum dan non hukum yaitu Bagi calon mempelai yang tidak melaksanakan ngemblok tidak ada dampak hukumnya, Bagi calon perempuan maupun laki-laki yang membatalkan hubungan social kurang baik dengan calon besan. Tradisi ngemblok sudah menjadi kebiasaan karena nilainya sudah mengakar kuat di masyarakat sehingga telah menjadi kaidah hukum adat yang hidup di masyarakat. Masyarakat Rembang diharapkan dapat menjaga dan melestarikan tradisi ngemblok sebagai warisan leluhur yang memiliki keunikan.Kata Kunci: hukum perkawinan adat; laki-laki,; ngemblok; perempuan
Perlindungan Hukum Pada Obat Tradisional di Daerah Karo Berdasarkan Prespektif Hak Kekayaan Intelektual
Authors: Anugerah Oren Basta , Santoso Budi
Published: September 2022

Indonesia has a rich knowledge of traditional medicine and medicinal plants amounted to approximately 9605 (Nine thousand six hundred and five) species of medicinal plants. The problems are legal protection of traditional medicines according to Intellectual Property Rights, and the role of the government in the use of traditional medicinal knowledge in the perspective of intellectual property law in Karo District. The authors used an applied normative approach. Data collection in the writing of this research was carried out by means of literature study and document study. The data obtained were managed using qualitative analysis. Based on the results of the study showed that: (1) The Legal protection of traditional medicines according to intellectual property rights includes obtaining an invention and then seeking legal protection, as well as the process of commercializing the invention until it is profitable.(2) The role of the government in the use of traditional medicinal knowledge in the perspective of intellectual property law in Karo Regency, namely: the government has a role as an institution that supports the exclusive ownership of traditional knowledge by making intellectual property the part that determines who and how people or institutions can use it.Keywords: Legal Protection; Traditional Medicine; Traditional Knowledge AbstrakIndonesia kaya akan pengetahuan obat tradisional dan tanaman obat yang berjumlah kurang lebih 9.606 (Sembilan ribu enam ratus enam) spesies tanaman obat. Permasalahan adalah perlindungan hukum terhadap obat-obatan tradisional menurut Hak Kekayaan Intelektual, dan peran pemerintah terhadap penggunaan pengetahuan obat tradisional dalam perspektif hukum kekayaan intelektual di Kabupaten Karo. Penulis menggunakan pendekatan yuridis empiris. Pengumpulan data dalam penulisan penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara studi pustaka. Data yang diperoleh dikelola menggunakan analisis kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa: Perlindungan hukum terhadap obat-obatan tradisional menurut Hak Kekayaan Intelektual baik itu memperoleh invensi untuk kemudian dicarikan pelindungan hukumnya, serta proses komersialisasi invensi sampai dengan memperoleh keuntungan. Peran pemerintah terhadap penggunaan pengetahuan obat tradisional dalam perspektif hukum kekayaan intelektual di Kabupaten Karo yaitu: pemerintah memiliki peran sebagai lembaga yang menjadi pendukung kepemilikan eksklusif pengetahuan tradisional dengan mejadikan kekayaan intelektual sebagai bagian yang menentukan siapa dan bagaimana orang atau lembaga dapat memanfaatkannya.Kata kunci: perlindungan hukum; obat-obatan tradisional; hak kekayaan intelektual
Kewenangan Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah Dalam Proses Jual Beli Hak Atas Tanah Di Kota Semarang
Authors: Aprilia Annisa Putri , Ratna M.S. Edith
Published: September 2022

Authority is a power that is owned by one or several parties whose existence is recognized by the prevailing laws and regulations. PPAT has the task of carrying out land registration, namely making deeds of transferring rights related to land. With no document in the form of a PPAT deed, BPN is prohibited from registering the deeds concerned. The sale and purchase of land rights is a legal act in the form of transferring property rights by the seller to the buyer who at that time also hands over the price to the seller. However, it is undeniable that in the everyday life of the people there are still many land sales and purchases carried out between sellers and buyers in an underhand manner, meaning without the intervention of PPAT. This buying and selling activity is only proven by a receipt as evidence of a sale and purchase. Buying and selling in this case also meets the requirements of 1320 Civil Code. However, to obtain a transfer of title to land (reversing name), the buyer must have a deed drawn up by PPAT because the transfer of land rights must be in a sale and purchase to be proven by a deed made by PPAT which has been previously registered. This is in accordance with Article 19 of the UUPA. Keywords :authority; PPAT; sale and purchase of land rightsAbstrakKewenangan merupakan suatu kekuasaan yang dimiliki oleh satu atau beberapa pihak yang keberadaannya diakui oleh peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. PPAT memiliki tugas untuk melaksanakan pendaftaran tanah yakni melakukan pembutan akta pemindahan hak terkait tanah. Dengan tidak ada dokumen berwujud akta PPAT, BPN dilarang mendaftar perbuatan yang bersangkutan.  Jual beli hak atas tanah adalah perbuatan hukum yang berupa penyerahan hak milik oleh penjual kepada pembeli yang pada saat itu juga menyerahkan harganya kepada penjual. Namun, tidak dapat dipungkiri dalam kehidupan masyarakat sehari-hari masih banyak jual beli tanah yang dilakukan antara penjual dan pembeli dengan cara dibawah tangan artinya tanpa adanya campur tangan PPAT. Kegiatan jual beli ini hanya dibuktikan dengan selembaran kwitansi sebagai bukti telah terjadi jual- beli. Jual beli dalam hal ini juga sudah memenuhi syarat 1320 KUHPerdata. Tetapi, untuk memperoleh peralihan hak milik atas tanah (balik nama) maka pembeli harus mempunyai akta yang dibuat oleh PPAT karena peralihan hak atas tanah harus dalam jual beli harus dibuktikan dengan akta yang dibuat oleh PPAT yang sudah didaftarkan sebelumnya. Hal ini sesuai dengan Pasal 19 UUPA. Kata kunci: kewenangan; PPAT; jual beli hak atas tanah