bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Applications of DHM in Agricultural Engineering: A Review
Authors: Thaneswer Patel , Sanjog J. , Chowdhury Anirban , Karmakar Sougata
Published: January 2014

Research towards developing user-compatible, ease in use and safe agricultural equipment with proper consideration of human factors using cutting edge technology like Digital Human Modeling (DHM) and simulation is very important in todays scenario. This technology offers new possibilities to integrate ergonomics principles into design process from the very beginning (conceptual phase) to solve complex problems in many engineering disciplines. However, its application is till very limited in agricultural sector. This paper provides overview of up-to-date research in virtual ergonomics evaluation technology (through DHM) and its applications in agriculture. Attempt has also been made to highlight future research direction in many areas of agricultural sectors where DHM might contribute potentially for ergonomic interventions to reduce drudgery and chances of errors and accidents. Authors have also identified reasons behind less adoption of this technology in agricultural sectors and tried to highlight strategies to be followed for wide adoption.
The Effect of Grip Span on Hand-Gripping Control Strength
Authors: Hsi Liao Kun
Published: January 2014

The economic developments and industrial progressions, the automatic operations were getting more wide-spread. However, currently in various operation occasions, the workers are still required to face how to operate all kinds of hand tooling and equipments. In the industrial cases, there were many opportunities to use hand grip strength to operate machines. Hand grip strength has received increasing attention from industrial engineers and ergonomic researchers. The relation between hand grip strength and tools grip span was important issues in ergonomics. Occasionally, it was little research to conduct. This study aims at exploring the relationship of tools grip span and hand grip strength. Seventy two subjects rose from volunteers participators, including 29 males and 43 females. Dependent variables were maximum volitional contraction and hand gripping control (HGC-70%, target value 70% MVC). Three different diameters of grip span were significance differences in maximum volitional contraction and hand gripping control. The study finds that the best diameter of tools grip span was 47.6 mm. The finding will be served as a reference for task design, instrument design as well as for disease protected for industrial staffs.
Investigation on Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Ergonomic Risk Factors at Metal Stamping Industry
Authors: Mean Vathna , Abdullah Nor Suliani , Md Dawal Siti Zawiah , Aoyama Hideki , Sothea Kruy
Published: January 2014

The objective of the study is to identify the symptoms ofmusculoskeletal disorder (MSD) and ergonomic risks on manual handling task at a metal stamping company. Data were collected using Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ) and the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). The results revealed that there were significant relationships between self-reported pain and RULA posture scores on the trunk and neck regions with reference to MSD symptoms. Further, the results of RULA score also indicated high risk posture level on the task being investigated.
A Review on Cybersickness and Usability in Virtual Environments
Authors: Mousavi Maryam , Jen Yap Hwa , Musa Siti Nurmaya Binti
Published: January 2014

With the emerge of new technologies many systems are presented to a wider range of users at reasonable costs. Virtual Reality (VR) technology has also entered many new economical areas such as tourism, business, online games, and also cultural heritage. The new advancement in VR and its availability to the end user in many forms necessitates considering the health issues because cybersickness is one of the drawbacks of Virtual Environments (VE). In addition, usability of the VE and the provided VR technology and system is of paramount importance in the market to attract the user. However, usability measurement of the VE also has become a difficult issue due to the vast range of products and users. A review on the cybersickness and usability issues in VE is prepared and presented in this paper.
Assessment of Bus Interior Design in Malaysia
Authors: Solah Mohd Syazwan , Ariffin Aqbal Hafeez , Mohd Isa Mohd Hafzi , Mohd Jawi Zulhaidi , Paiman Noor Faradila , Azhar Hamzah , Abu Kassim Khairil Anwar
Published: January 2014

Road accidents involving bus in Malaysia is very alarming. National statistics showed that bus accident cases increased significantly at 48% between the year 2006 and the year 2008. This study focuses on design of bus concerningon ergonomics factors to eliminate injury that may pose to bus passenger either in collision or non-collision event. Data sourcethat used for this paper were obtained from bus a carried out at PUSPAKOM. This study managed to assess 224 samples and collected measurement for items stated in UN R36. Several design issues that can potentially contribute to passenger injury such as doors, seats, handrail and steps are highlighted and discussed in this paper. Findings from this paper revealed that current regulation already address the critical measurement to ensure passenger safety is taking care while in the bus. However, some related items seem to be obsolete and need to be revised accordingly.
Physical Strain and Risk during Stroller Locomotion on Cross and Combined Slopes
Authors: Satoshi Muraki , Seiji Saito , Mituru Ookura
Published: January 2014

In sidewalks, slopes for vehicle crossings are often installed, and pedestrians have to walk across these slopes. The present study examined the influences of slope gradients on the danger and physical strain during stroller locomotion. Nine female participants walked forward while pushing a stroller with a dummy baby on a mock sidewalk with 1) a cross slope (the whole surface of the sidewalk tilted sideways) at gradients of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%, and 2) combined slopes connecting a cross slope at gradients of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% and a flat 0% area. The velocity and tracks of the stroller, the pressure between the palm and the stroller handle, and an electromyogram (EMG) of the upper limbs of the participant were measured during stroller locomotion. Throughout both the cross and the combined slopes, the participants decreased their locomotion velocity according to the increase in the slope gradient. The steeper slope led the stroller to drift off-course to the downhill direction and caused increased pressure between the palm of the participant and the handle and increased EMG values, especially in the forearms. The results indicated that, on a sidewalk with a steeper cross slope, it is difficult for stroller users to maintain their intended course, even if they decrease their locomotion velocity and make their greater physical effort.
Research on the 330MW Double-Extraction Steam Turbine of Dynamic and Thermal Characteristics Analysis Model
Authors: Zhu Yu , Li Qian Jun , Zheng Li Kun , Feng Yong Xin
Published: January 2014

This paper is study on the 330MW Double-extraction unit, made by Dongfang Steam Turbine Works manufactured, and the reference conditions of the unit was calculated. Thermal system analysis and calculated of double-extraction unit based on the equivalent enthalpy drop and variable condition calculation methods, and double-extraction steam turbine dynamic characteristics analysis model is established through a series of dynamic characteristics. The result showed that the smaller error between the calculated value and the design value of this model, and it can be applied to single extraction and condensed various working conditions. In addition, four variables of the unit main steam flow, low-pressure extraction flow, medium pressure extraction flow and electric power was fitted, resulting in multi-characteristic equation, which provides a theoretical basis for the follow-up study online load distribution.
An Exergy and Homeostatic Control Approach to Sustainable Grid-Connected Microgrids without Energy Storage
Authors: Yanine Franco Fernando , Sauma Enzo E. , Cordova Felisa Margarita
Published: January 2014

This paper approaches the microgrid concept from a systemic and cybernetics viewpoint, as a viable sustainable energy system (SES) for supplying electricity and heat to small, rural communities in Chile. As such the microgrid may be viewed as a complex adaptive system (CAS) when connected to the grid and operating without energy storage, only with the grid as back-up power source. From an exergy and homeostatic control (HC) standpoint, one may analyze the microgrid as a socio-technical CAS when it is coupled with a set of homes and also connected to the grid; capable of supplying close to 80% of the daily residential consumer needs on average. Thus, under these conditions homes may draw inexpensive renewable electricity and heat from the microgrid if they are thrifty and efficient in their energy consumption, and they may also consume from the utility grid, yet at an expensive price. Based on this an exergy and HC approach is proposed to develop such SES for rural and remote communities in Chile and South America, aiming to enhance energy efficiency (EE) and energy sustainability (ES). Under this scheme, renewable power (RP) being a scarce resource that must be managed efficientlyis supplied only to homes which comply with a specific criterion in an effort to curtail demand to ensure ES overtime. Simulation shows as expected that indeed certain criteria produce much better results than others in incentivizing thrifty, efficient energy consumption for small-size communities without the need for expensive and sometimes polluting and forbidden energy storage systems.
The Study of an Economic Hybrid TCSC Structure
Authors: Chen Tian Mei , Xiao Xiang Ning , Zhang Jian , Luo Chao
Published: January 2014

The capability to damp sub-synchronous oscillations of single-phase TCSC, two-phase TCSC, three-phase TCSC is comparatively studied in this paper. SVR (Synchronous Voltage Reversal) is used as the control strategy of these three schemes. And IEEE first benchmark model is taken as the simulation example. Generator power, torques and LVUR (Line Voltage Unbalanced Voltage) are simulated. The results show that all the three schemes can effectively suppress SSO, but compared with single-phase and three-phase TCSC, the convergence rate of generator torques in the two-phase TCSC scheme is slower, thus its damping effect is worse, while single-phase and three-phase nearly has equal damping capacity. After the three-phase fault, the steady value of LVUR under three schemes can all meet the requirements of national standard in China. Through the comparison between these three schemes, it can be concluded that single-phase TCSC is a new structure which has great potential to apply to practical projects, but further theoretical analysis and much more simulation should be done to verify.
Thermodynamic Analysis of Minimum Extraction Ratio for Coal-Fired CHP Plants
Authors: Liao Chun Hui , Zhou Zhi Gang , Zhao Jia Ning
Published: January 2014

For evaluating the performance of combined heat and power district heating (CHP-DH) system, some thermodynamic indicators of CHP system, include energy efficiency, exergy efficiency, RPES and RAI, are introduced in this paper. Based on two condensed and heating dual purpose plants, the values of these indicators are calculated with different extraction ratio. The results show that RAI and RPES are more reasonable to be used to assess CHP-DH system and there is a minimum extraction ratio for each unit, which is 0.4 for given plants in this paper, to keep CHP-DH beneficial compared with separate heat and power (SHP) system. Besides, the minimum heat demand of CHP-DH system should be larger than the supplied heat correspond to minimum extraction ratio.
Design and Implementation of Robust Framework for Improvement of Productivity through Total Productive Maintenance in Textile Industry: A Research Article
Authors: Sivakumar A. , Naveen R.S. , Irshad Ahamed J.S. , Navaneethakrishnan P.
Published: January 2014

From analysis of data taken during the past three years, the company has noted that it has not achieved the targeted productivity. Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) has been a major component of improvement strategy to enhance the organizational productivity and profitability. Identification and uses of resources play a critical role in any industry for the improvement of quality and productivity. The fabric industry could not get the determined productivity since TPM was not followed. The research objective of this paper is to present the result of past three years productivity data and discussed different results obtained after implementing the procedures of TPM in the sick textile industry. A systematic methodology is presented and analyzed for improvement productivity at the factory level. Metrics of Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) is introduced and developed a structured robust frame work for improvement of quality and productivity.
Experimental Study on the Flow Field Distribution Law of Ultra-Low Permeability Reservoir with Inverted Nine-Spot Equilateral well Pattern
Authors: Liao Zuo Cai , Yang Zheng Ming , Xiao Qian Hua
Published: January 2014

Aimed at ultra-low permeability reservoir, the large natural outcrop model has been made for researching the oil reservoirs porous flow law deeply, and the inverted nine-spot equilateral well pattern also has been designed which is the commonest well patter during the oilfield exploitation. The flow fields have been measured during the experiment in different displacing period (0.3PV, 0.6PV and 1PV). The research shows that fluid flow has obvious directivity, and it strongly affected by heterogeneity of the reservoir. In addition, the regions between the edge production wells are much more difficult to be exploited.
Based on ANSYS Large Diameter Metallic High-Speed Rotating Disk Modal Analysis
Authors: Kong Fan Liang , He Tao , Hang Lu Bin , Ren Xiao Qing
Published: January 2014

The modal analysis for rotating disk with pre-stressed in different high speeds were made respectively based on the finite element software of ANSYS. The each order natural frequencies and inherent vibration were revealed. The result shows that disc rotation speed increases, the each order natural frequencies will also increase, and inherent vibration corresponding changes. By introducing the disc frequency deviation factor, the effect of stress stiffing effect for the disc natural frequencies and inherent vibration were analyzed and found that relationship of a quadratic curve between disc frequency deviations and speed.
The Numerical Investigation of Cracking Areas under Nonuniform Settlements of the Construction
Authors: Bartolomey Maria L. , Shardakov Igor N. , Trufanov Nikolai A.
Published: January 2014

We investigate the tensely-strained state of three-dimensional construction at the measured settlements of the foundation. The numerical model of the construction is developed within the limits of the theory of the plates bending and rectilinear rods, it allows to reveal dangerous places in the strength members particularly in the interfloor plate. The three-dimensional model of the dangerous area is developed, which allows to define the level of damaging the plates material. Settlements levels leading to first cracks and full destruction of the investigated area of the construction are defined.
Simulation and Control of a Duopoly Model
Authors: Lu Ya Li
Published: January 2014

This paper studies the dynamics of a duopoly model with bounded rationality and nonlinear demand function. Based on the stability theorem and Jurys criterions, we prove that the model has two unstable boundary fixed points and a local stable Nash equilibrium. Then we depict the stability region of Nash equilibrium, and investigate the effects of output adjustment speed on the players profit respectively. Theoretical analysis and simulations show that higher output adjustment speed can result in chaotic variation of outputs, and that the Nash equilibrium is the optimal result of duopoly game. To improve the profitability of each player and achieve the optimal game result, we put forth a new scheme combined with the time-delayed feedback control and the limiter control to stabilize the output to Nash equilibrium. Finally, the numerical simulation is adopted to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the above control scheme.
Topological Optimization for Damping Structure of Cylindrical Shell Based on DIMFM
Authors: He Yuan Chao , Chen Wen Lin , Hao Li Na
Published: January 2014

On the basis of evolutionary structural optimization, the topology optimization for free layer damping cylindrical shell was studied. The checkerboard pattern problem caused by evolutionary structural optimization was solved by discrete independent mesh filter method. The programs of evolutionary structural optimization and discrete independent mesh filter method were made in ANSYS. The optimal topology configuration of free layer damping cylindrical shell was obtained and the effectiveness of Discrete Independent Mesh Filter Method was validated.
Control Characteristics Analysis of Split-Drag-Rudder
Authors: Li Zhong Jian , Ma Dong Li
Published: January 2014

Flying wing configuration is a promising candidate for various kinds of unmanned aerial vehicles. However, this kind of configuration eliminates conventional vertical tail and rudder, thus existing severe problems on yawing control. To make the flying wing configuration into practical use, it is especially necessary to gain a deep understanding on the control characteristics of yawing control devices. To the innovative yawing control device: split-drag-rudder, which is most widely used on flying wing configuration, the paper introduced its current research and mechanical feature, then carefully analyzed its yawing control characteristics, three-axis control coupling effect, also influencing regularities on aerodynamics and stabilities. The conclusions can help to provide basis on engineering application for split-drag-rudder, and to some extent, help to solve the yawing control problem for the flying wing configuration.
The Impact of Large Scale Wind Power Integration on a Regional Power Grid - A Case Study
Authors: Ren Hui , Yang Dan Xia , Watts David , Chen Xi
Published: January 2014

Renewable Energy especially wind energy integration has attained profound growth across the worldwide power system. Wind energy integration at large scale comes up with the challenge on voltages and reactive power management at power system level. The research work presented in this paper has analyzed the impact of wind energy on reactive power reserve with special reference to Hebei Southern Power System. The maximum wind power integration capacity is calculated, and the effect of increasing wind power integration on voltage profiles is studied. Possible controls from system sides and its effects on wind power integration are explored. Study shows that with the increase of the wind power integration capacity, the intermittency and variation will bring more serious problems to the system frequency regulation, reserve service and voltage control. These problems also become the limiting factors for further increase of large-scale wind power integration. In order to make a better use of wind power resources in Heibei province and maintain system safety at the same time, further research should be performed on exploring the reactive and active power regulation and control of the wind farm and the methods to decrease the variability of wind farm outputs.
Experimental Research on Direct Evaporative Cooling of Stainless Steel Filler
Authors: Sheng Xiao Wen , Xiang Huang
Published: January 2014

In this paper the experimental research on direct evaporative cooling (DEC) using stainless steel was carried out.The effect of factors that affect cooling efficiency, filler resistance and volumetric heating transfer coefficient. In order to provide reference for the design for use and analysis of DEC, empirical formulas for coefficient of heat transfer and air resistance were established.
Key Technologies Research of MEMS Pressure Sensor for Fuze
Authors: Jiang Bo , Qi Xing Lin , Zhao Zhi Ning
Published: January 2014

MEMS technology has been widely used in military industry, in order to further expand the scope of the MEMS pressure sensor applications in military industry, to make fuze development toward miniaturization and intelligent, do the study on special fuze MEMS pressure sensor. Environment of MEMS pressure sensor application in fuze is analyzed, consist service treatment environment and using environment, which can provide indicators for the development of the sensor. The paper analyzes several key technology of the fuze MEMS pressure sensor, including the technique of high temperature resistant, acceleration compensation, leadless, high frequency resistant and overload resistant and so on. To sum up, the continuous development of MEMS technology can make its products meet the use environment of fuze, and the development trend of the fuze also needs the support of MEMS technology, so it is necessary and feasible to carry out the research of the fuze MEMS pressure sensor.
Solution of Energy Supply for Deep Ocean Installations: Design and Testing of a Micro-Fluid Turbine
Authors: Tian Ying Yuan , Zhang Yun Hai , Wang Xu Jun
Published: January 2014

A micro-fluid turbine has been successfully tested in the laboratory and towing tank. This 2m diametral device is designed to operate in flows with velocity from 0.1m/s to 1m/s. The designed output power varies from 0.3W to 200W. In this design, the low density ocean current energy in deep-sea stored as mechanical energy in plane roll-up spring first. When the spring has enough potential energy, it drives the generator to generate electricity. Through this assistant start approach, the turbine can work in ultra-low-speed current. On the other hand, the non-contact transmission remarkably reduced the drag torque of hubcap. Besides these approaches, some other advanced technologies, such as self-adaptive platform, high efficiency energy storage, and intelligent control, are applied in this turbine. Test results show that the micro-fluid turbine has potential to provide power for instruments and equipment in deep-sea environment.
Studies on the Acoustic Characteristics of the Hartmann Acoustic Generator
Authors: Chen Ren Song , Chen Xiu Hai , Gao Xin Jun , Jia Jun Bo , He Sheng Ping , Zhao Ye , Cao Ting Ting , Gao Zheng Ming
Published: January 2014

Based on the method FW-H acoustic model, how the parameters influence acoustic characteristics of the Hartmann acoustic generator were studied, which are resonator length, spacing between the jet and resonator tube, the diameter of resonator tube. The conclusions were induced just as below. The total sound pressure level (SPL) increases with the length of resonator tube, while the magnitude of fundamental frequency is reverse. And the total SPL oscillates with the increase of spacing between jet and resonator, and the oscillating distance period increases with diameter of resonator tube. And the Hartmann generator with larger diameter of resonator tube can produce a higher SPL. The results of the paper provide the instructing meaning for the application of the Hartmann acoustic generator.
Verification of Control System by Physical Simulation
Authors: Yuan Wei Guo , Wang Ya Bin
Published: January 2014

Control system is generally verified by experiment, some of which are too difficult or high-cost to implement, while physical simulation can be substituted for experiment to verify the effectiveness of control system. The study take the heat exchanger as an example to describe the process of verification by physical simulation: Choose FLOEFD and SIMULINK as the software of physical simulation and control system design, establish the mathematical model of heat exchanger, design control module, whose output is set as an input of FLOEFD, compare the result of physical simulation and SIMULINK, if they are similar, the control module is effective.
AR Technology and its Application in Biomedical Engineering
Authors: Fan Peng Cheng , Xu Xiao Yan
Published: January 2014

With the development of ubiquitous computing, augmented reality (AR ) technology has become an important research direction. For its Unique properties, it can be used in many engineering areas, especially in biomedical engineering. In this article, we mainly summarized the technical feature and technological superiority of the AR technology, and gave some applications and effectiveness of AR-based biomedical Engineering. This will be helpful for those who are eager to use this brand new technology in medicine.
Utilization of Quantization Method on Credit Risk Assessment
Authors: Yang Zhen
Published: January 2014

Credit risk assessment is critical factor in credit risk management, which has played a key role in financial and banking industry. Many classification methods are used in credit risk assessment aiming to establish classifiers to predict the credit state of the corporate (good or bad). However, most of classification methods can not handle continuous variables. So, continuous variables must be quantified. In this paper, we first propose an improved quantization method, namely IDM, based on the statistical independence; then we use data mining techniques, i.e., C4.5 decision tree, Naive-Bayes and SVM classifier, to classify and predict the quantified credit data. The aim is to investigate the effect of quantization method on the classification of credit approval data. The Experimental results show that our approach significantly improves the mean accuracy of classification than other known quantization methods. This denotes that the proposed method can make an effective interpretation and point out the ability of design of a new intelligent assistance credit approval data system.
Studies on Estimation Accuracy of Point Estimation in Up-and-Down Method
Authors: Fu Dong Xiao , Zhang Rui , Li Fang , Du Zhen Hua , Liu Hu , Ma Hong Liang
Published: January 2014

Calculation methods of standard deviation in Up-and-Down method, which are traditional method and modified method of GJB/Z 377A-1994, are analyzed by Monte Carlo simulation, and estimation accuracy of standard deviation is improved by combining traditional method with modified method,which is called combinative method. It shows that estimation accuracy of traditional method is more precise than modified method with any sample size. Estimation accuracy of combinative method is better than other two methods when sample size is between 26 and 39, while has the same estimation accuracy as traditional method in the other sample size,and the optimumvalue of a is given.
Uncertainty Reasoning Problem Research Based on the Expert System of Production Plan
Authors: Guo Chen , Huang Ming , Liang Xu
Published: January 2014

Uncertainty problem is the key problem need to be faced and solved in expert system. During the uncertainty reasoning process for expert system, this paper proposed a new matching degree algorithm of first component of rule to solve the uncertainty problem when reasoning. The adoption of the algorithm made the selection process for the best matching point become more accord with the nature selection and has better adaptivity. Adopting this algorithm could improve the accuracy when the first component of rule selecting a conclusion. By taking a production plan of a factory for example, this paper proved the selected first component of rules for following evidences which supporting conclusion has a good effect on credibility. And the expert system which using the new algorithm has a great improvement on decision-making function.
Applying KDD to a Structure Health Monitoring System Based on a Real Sited Bridge: Model Reshaping Case
Authors: Ma Ming Lei , Wang Gui Ling , Miao Dong Mei , Xian Gui Jun
Published: January 2014

Knowledge discovery (KDD) method aims to solve the problem of massive data. For bridge engineering, the structural health monitoring (SHM) system is cumulative data from time to time, but the whole system should be understudied in real time. Data mining should be used in one of the KDD process. This article proposed a regular rule of analyzing the SHM data from a real sited bridge. The data aim to help engineers understanding the system degradation of the bridge.
Applied Research on Different Plume Models of Pool Fire in Hermetically Closed Room
Authors: Ding Li Bin , Pu Jin Yun , Ren Kai
Published: January 2014

The pool fire mathematical model of hermetically closed room is built by different plume models, the time of smoke filling and smoke layer temperature are calculated combined with experimental heat release rate. Theoretical calculations are compared with the experimental results to verify the usefulness of different plume models. The results indicate that: in initial period of fire, the smoke filling speeds of four plume models are similar, and McCaffrey plume model is most close to physical processes; in later period of fire, Zukoski plume model is most close to physical processes of smoke filling; during the fire, the results of Thomas plume model and Zukoski plume model are almost identical, and Thomas model is more suitable for engineering application; the smoke layer temperature discrepancy between theoretical calculation and experimental data is huge, and the theoretical calculation method of temperature is not recommended for predicting temperature in engineering.
Technical Analysis of Photovoltaic Modules with 20 Years of Tropical Weather Outdoor Exposure
Authors: Bione M.F.J. , Alonso-García M.C. , Zamorano M.B.A. , Chenlo F.
Published: January 2014

This paper presents the results of the characterization of photovoltaic modules after 20 years of outdoor exposure, and 10 years of operation in Brazil. Several samples of the installed modules were sent to CIEMAT laboratories in Madrid (Spain), where visual inspection, IR characterization, analysis of the chemical composition of the modules, and electrical characterization was performed. I-V curves were measured indoors with solar simulator, and main curve parameters were compared to those obtained from an equivalent module without external exposure. The effect of dust and dirt was evaluated. Series and shunt resistance were calculated, relating these values with the power losses and the visual defects.
Thermodynamic Study on the Sulfidation-Magnetic Roasting of the Hematite Type of Tin-Bearing Iron Ore
Authors: Liao Bin , LI Lei , Wang Hua , Sang Xiu Li
Published: January 2014

Sulfidation-magnetic roasting process was used to treat tin-bearing iron ore of hematite to recovery iron resources. The results of thermodynamics analysis of the roasting reaction trait showed that, when CO concentration was lower than 11.43% at temperature higher than 873K, SnO2 and Fe2O3 could be selectively reduced to SnO and Fe3O4, respectively. FeS2 would be decomposed into FeS and S2 during the roasting process, and the S2 sulfidation effect was stronger than FeS. After roasting, the main iron phase of the minerals was changed into magnetite from hematite and then the iron could be recovered through the magnetic separation. This method provides a new method for the recovery of iron from tin-bearing iron ore of hematite.
Study on the Ag@SiO2 Enhanced the Luminous Intensity of the Terbium Complexes with Benzoic Acid and 1,10-phenanthroline
Authors: Yue Bin , Li Yuan , Kong Kai , Chu Hai Bin , Zhao Yong Liang
Published: January 2014

Five kinds of terbium complexes have been synthesized respectively with benzoic acid, 1,10-phenanthroline and 2,2'-bipyridine as ligands. The core-shell Ag@SiO2 nanocomposites was prepared. The result of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shows the diameter of the nanosilver is about 50 nm and the thickness of the silica shell is 10, 25 and 80 nm. Combine the nanoparticles composite with terbium complexes, we explore the changes of excitation wavelength and emission intensity. The results show that: by loading the terbium complexes above the different size of nanoparticles, the excitation wavelengths of complexes do not shift, and the emission intensity of the complexes are enhanced in the presence of Ag@SiO2 nanoparticles because of metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF), but at only a limited shell thickness particle region.
Constituent Characteristic and Biomedical Potentials of Organic Essential Oils from Leaves of Four Eucalyptus Cultivars in China
Authors: Gu Zhen Jun , Zhang Dang Quan , Mo Wei , Zhang Huai Yun , Zhang Xiao Lei
Published: January 2014

Several Eucalyptus cultivars has been introduced and cultivated for millions of hectares afforestation in subtropical China, whose woods were mainly used in papermaking industry and whose water essential oils were used mainly in aroma and medical industry. However, the potential biomedical components of organic essential oils were still uncovered. In order to reveal constituent characteristic and biomedical potentials of organic essential oils from leaves of four Eucalyptus cultivars (E. camaldulensis, E. tereticornis, E. citriodora and E. dunnii) in China, their components were efficiently extracted by improved solvents extracting condition, which were identified by optimal gas chromatography / mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The functional analytical results suggested that these four Eucalyptus cultivars possess large numbers of common components, especially including Eucalyptol, 1-Eicosanol, (+)-Longifolene, (+)-Aromadendrene, Phytol and (-)-Alloaromadendrene, which are good materials for aroma and biomedical industry. The contents of common components of four Eucalyptus cultivars are as high as 68.97%, 81.81%, 60.64% and 64.29%, respectively. Moreover, each Eucalyptus organic essential oil also has specific components with potentials in aroma industry or biomedical industry.
Analysis on Key Points of Cultivation Techniques for Medicinal Flower and Fruit Plants
Authors: Deng Hui Jing , Li Yun Zhou
Published: January 2014

Among medicinal plants, flower and fruit plants take up a large proportion. This paper analyses ecological environment conditions such as temperature, light, water and soil nutrients having influence on growth of these kinds of medicinal plants. Furthermore, it discusses the relationships among three dormancy regulation and control factors i.e. bud and branch, underground and overground, and reproductive growth and vegetative growth. Lastly, it summarizes technical points of cultivation and management of these kinds of medicinal plants and key control measures, which provide significant theoretical basis for the improvement of yield and quality of these kinds of medicinal plants and the change from wild species to cultivated species.
Study on Power Generation Expansion Planning Model Based on CO2 Emission Reduction
Authors: Li Yu , Li Chao Ci , Wen Jing Ya
Published: January 2014

In China, about 50% CO2 emissions from the power industry. Ways of energy conservation, reduction project and power structure adjustment can effectively reduce CO2 emissions, which is an important resort for power industry to implement low-carbon development strategy and have great influence on the power structure in China. In this paper, 0-1 integer linear generation expansion planning model based on CO2 emission reduction is first developed and applied to the power system in Heilongjiang province. The results show that the power structure dominated by thermal coal has been changed gradually to meet the requirement of operation and management of continuous development of power system. Meanwhile, measures of CO2 emission reduction taking in different periods are programmed. This study can provide reference for the decision support of CO2 emission reduction and generation expansion in power industry.
The Research on Synthetic Method of Starch/Lactic Acid Graft Copolymer Catalyzed with Sulfuric Acid
Authors: Tang Ming Ru , Hu Ying Mo , Chen Xu Bo , Wang Qing Ling
Published: January 2014

The starch/lactic acid grafting copolymer has been prepared by one-step reaction of corn starch with lactic acid catalyzed with sulfuric acid, and the structure of product was characterized by IR, XRD, SEM and 1H-NMR. The experimental results showed that sulfuric acid could catalyze the graft copolymerization of starch with lactic acid, and the grafting degree of starch could reach 55.4%.
Catalytic Pyrolysis of Bamboo Residues for Composite Biochar and Bamboo Oil
Authors: Zhang Dong , Ji Jian Bing , Song Cheng Fang , Shan Sheng Dao
Published: January 2014

This study attempted to recycle bamboo waste, based on catalytic pyrolysis (TiO2 as catalyst), to produce composite TiO2-bamboo charcoal and bamboo oil simultaneously. The yield and characteristics of TiO2-bamboo charcoal were investigated by thermogravimetry, elemental analysis and SEM. The results indicated that the yield of bamboo charcoal decreased with the increase of temperature, and the influence of catalyst was not distinct; after adding TiO2, the H/C and O/C ratios of charcoal were increased from 18.81% and 3.74% to 26.05% and 4.09% respectively, and the particles of TiO2 were adhered to bamboo charcoal with a very porous structure. Using GC-MS, the composition of bamboo oil was analyzed and the results showed that there were about 9-10 compounds with contributed to more than 2% area, and phenol was the most compound detected in all of the samples.
Research on Rural Finance Efficiency and its Determinants in China Based on 2001 Counties' Data
Authors: Wen Hong Mei , Chang Jing , Xue Jing
Published: January 2014

This paper uses DEA method to analyze the rural financial efficiency by collecting 2001 county-level cities and counties input-output efficiency data of rural finance, and further analyzes the factors affecting the efficiency of rural finance. It finds out that the overall level of rural financial efficiency is low, large amount of input redundancies exist in the rural finance, and the rural financial efficiency is impacted by external environment significantly.
Study of Driver's Gaze Behavior Recognition
Authors: Wang Peng , Liu Zhi Qiang
Published: January 2014

The reliability and accuracy of driver gaze behavior detection was improved by the multi-dimensional feature fusion method. In view of the effects of the complexity of the driving environment, a variety of working conditions and the diversity of gaze behavior characteristics,with support vector machine (SVM) theory technique, the multi-dimensional feature decision-level fusion was proposed to estimate the different kind model of the driver's gaze behavior. The results show that the T characteristic curve proposed by the gaze behavior parameters of the transverse width between the eyes and the vertical distance between mouth and the midpoint of two eyes, combined with the driver's eyelid closure and the proportion and location characteristics of iris-sclera were studied to get the characterization of the driver gaze status. The simulation results indicate that the adaptability and accuracy as well as the intelligence level of the bad fixation characterization information screening are significantly improved by using the pattern classification and decision technology of multi-dimensional feature fusion.
The Pneumatic Position Control System Based on Fuzzy-PID
Authors: Li Sheng Zhong , Liu Jian Xin , Xia Yi Fei
Published: January 2014

Put forward a kind of control system to achieve precise positioning of the pneumatic cylinder, coring to PC upper monitor and using Visual C++ as the development platform. Establish an experimental platform of pneumatic cylinder positioning control system: selecting the parameter self-tuning Fuzzy-PID control algorithm, using the proportional directional control valve, standard cylinder, displacement sensordata acquisition card and other components. the use of MATLAB to simulate and optimize, carry out the actual experiment on the basis of simulation. The experimental results proved the effectiveness and correctness of Fuzzy PID in pneumatic control system.
Research on Maintenance Model of Main Equipment Based on UMM
Authors: Deng Shi Cong , Xiao Ding Yao , Li Lin Fa , Huang Wei Zhao
Published: January 2014

In this paper the problems of traditional operation maintenance strategy is introduced. Uncertain multi-stage and multi-objective decision-making model of operation and maintenance is shown in this paper. Considering the life cycle cost, the best maintenance scheme is determined through the establishment of an uncertain multi-stage and multi-objective decision-making model of operation and maintenance. It also proves the practical applications of UMM model by GIS example.
Nanometer Materials Modified Electrodes for Detection of Heavy Metal Ions by Stripping Voltammetry
Authors: Wu Jun , Yang Li Ning , Song Na , Chen Jian Rong
Published: January 2014

More and more heavy metal ions pollution events happen nowadays, so how to detect and remove heavy metal ions is a very important problem. Electrochemical method is relatively simple device, convenient automatic operation. Because of its high sensitivity and good selectivity, it becomes a good method to detect heavy metal ions. This paper summarized the detection of heavy metal ions by stripping voltammetry.
A Social Recommender System Based on Exponential Random Graph Model and Sentiment Similarity
Authors: Yang Dong Hui , Su Yi
Published: January 2014

With the rapid growth of social media, recommendation for social activities is urgently needed to overcome information overload. Micro-blog, as one of most popular social media platform, has not a good enough recommender approach to satisfy users expectation. In this paper, we proposed a social recommender system using both exponential random graph model and sentiment similarity. Firstly, we built a good fitted graph model that was used to predict the probabilities of non-linked nodes. Moreover, we collected contents of each user for mining their emotions and select 106 features. Karhunen-Loéve transform (KLT) was chose to analyze the features of those texts. Based on KLT, average distances of text features were used to calculate the sentiment similarity. Therefore, according to the resort of similarities, we gave top-N recommendation for user. Finally, we studied this social recommender system on diabetes micro-blog. The metrics showed that our proposed social recommender system outperform other methods.
Research on Reputation and Risk Evaluation-Trust for Cloud Environment
Authors: Yin Pei , Xie Xiao Lan , Zhou De Jian
Published: January 2014

This paper which starts from the characteristics of human social trust relationship, researches the trust in cloud computing environment. At present, the commercial cloud environment exist two main safe problems: one is the cloud platform trust security problems in their own special environment, the second is the security issues on the network of cheating, false, malicious ads and spam trust security . Aiming at solving this problem, on the basis of the existing trust models, this paper studies the cloud environment trust models according to the characteristics of the cloud environment, constructs a model of trust in the cloud environmentReputation and Risk Evaluation-Trust Model (RRE-Trust), and improves the trust evaluation algorithm. Finally, the experiment results show that, compared with the existing trust models, the proposed evaluate method of this model is closer to the real service behavior of service providers, resist effectively all kinds of malicious behaviors, shows a good robustness and ability in recognize.
Multi-Scale Analyses and Combining Forecasts for Traffic Volumes
Authors: Cao Ming Lan , Li Sheng Li , Gao Dan Ying
Published: January 2014

In view of that the current models are almost combining models of different kinds of forecast methods and the absence of substantial research on multi-scale combining in the context of traffic forecasts, we proposed a method that in multiple scales combines multiple forecasts based on prediction approaches of the same category. The method combines multi-scale analyses with exponential smoothing forecasting and its weights are assigned according to the performance of the various scales forecasts. Using four years actual data, we in two scales demonstrated it by forecasting annual traffic volumes for an expressway in China and the application verified its accuracy.
Growth and Magneto-Optical Properties of Bi-Substituted Lutetium Iron Garnet Films
Authors: Huang Min , Zhou Wei Zhen
Published: January 2014

Epitaxial (Lu,Bi)3(Fe,Ga)5O12 films were grown on GGG (111) orientated and GGG(100) orientated substrates by the LPE method over a wide temperature range. Epitaxial growth, surface morphology, chemical composition as well as magneto-optical properties of the films were investigated by ESEM, TEM, AFM, EDAX, and polarization optical microscopy. The magnetic anisotropy of the films, lattice mismatch as well as Bi concentration in the films is also discussed. The films exhibit in-plane or out-of-plane magnetization, depending on growth temperatures. The Bi concentration in the grown films and saturation magnetization field also exhibit a dependence on growth temperatures. When the film is very thin, its coercivity will increase and the orientation of magnetization transits from out-of-plane to in-plane.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-9Gd-2Y-1Sm-0.5Zr Alloy
Authors: Chen Xiao Ya , Li Quan An , Jiang Hui Zhen , Chen Lei Lei
Published: January 2014

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-9Gd-2Y-1Sm-0.5Zr alloy have been studied by micro-analysis and tensile tests. The results showed that the alloy mainly consists of α-Mg matrix, Mg5Gd and Mg24Y5. With the increase of temperature, the tensile strength of the alloy increases at first and then decreases, and the peak appears at 250°C.
Effect of Ultrasonic Electroforming Process Parameters on Reflective Performance of Nickel Casting Layer
Authors: Ye Fei , Yang Guang , Pi Jun , Chen Zi Qian
Published: January 2014

In order to improve the reflection coefficient of nickel electroforming layer with microprism structure effectively, controlling electroforming process strictly and adjusting different process parameters are needed for achieve the best electroforming effect. Nickel casting layer was prepared by ultrasonic direct current electroforming on the microprism nickel plate. Surface reflective coefficient of nickel casting layer was measured by retroreflectometer, and the morphology was observed by 3D laser scanning microscopy system. The effects of ultrasonic power, frequency and average current density on the surface reflective performance were studied, experimental results were verified by measuring microprism side surface roughness. The results show that reflective coefficient of nickel casting layer prepared by high frequency ultrasonic electroforming was greater than that by low frequency with other experimental conditions remaining unchanged. It was increased first and then decreased with ultrasonic power and average current density increasing gradually, and the surface roughness measurement also verified this conclusion.
Precipitate Characterization of an Al-Cu-Mg-Ag-Zr Alloy after Artificial Aging
Authors: Zhang Jian Bo , Li Yong , Liang Qi Ming , Hu Hai Jun
Published: January 2014

According to the problem that the intelligence is not high of the soccer robot, using the mechanical theory as a guide, making some mechanical analyses and calculations on the pressure and transmutation states of chip kick mechanics, and conducting optimal design too, then making the structure of chip kick mechanics more and more rationalization. Experiments show that the new soccer robot controller features a quick response and high servo rigidity, and provide a kind of method for improving and perfecting the soccer robot control system, at the same time, filling the needs of producing.