bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Attitudes toward Euthanasia among Physicians and Nurses
Authors: Kim Sook Nam
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the attitudes of physicians and nurses toward euthanasia.Methods: The participants were 276 physicians and nurses working at general hospitals. Data was collected in October and November 2008. The measurement tool used was Attitudes Toward Euthanasia by Wasserman, Clair, & Ritchey (2005). The data was analyzed according to descriptive statistics, t-test, and one-way ANOVA with the SPSS/WIN 14.0 program. Results: The highest score item was when a patient needs euthanasia in the process of dying, a doctor can help the patient die by removing a device to continue his life. The lowest score item for physicians was when a patient's pain is severe, a doctor can administer an excessive dose to bring the patient's life to an end. The lowest score item for nurses was 'when it is judged that a patient doesn't have the possibility to recover, a doctor can administer an excessive dose to bring the patient's life to an end.Conclusion: Physicians and nurses should be encouraged to treat moral issues about patients in the terminal stages more sensitively by emphasizing the dignity of life and establishing an compassionate attitude toward euthanasia.
A Systematic Review of Social Cognition Interventions for Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Park Sungwon , Kim Soyaja , Lee Yeon Mi , Kwag Youn Kyoung , Cho Hye Kyung , Kim Hyun Lye
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study was conducted to provide a systematic review of the evidence from controlled trials regarding social cognition interventions for patients with schizophrenia, a discussion of the methodological problems that limit current research, and suggestions regarding future directions for research. Methods: Using a predefined protocol, six electronic data bases were searched, studies selected, relevant data extracted and the methodological quality of the studies assessed Results: Eight papers were found reporting on complex, generally heterogeneous interventions. Studies report positive results, including improvements in emotion cognition, theory of mind, and social perception, etc. There were six randomized controlled trials and two quasi-experimental studies. Five studies were based on theoretical back ground such as informational process theory, Frith's model, neurodevelopmental theory, systematic model, and social cognitive model. Contents of social cognitive interventions were 'theory of mind (TOM)', 'emotion recognition, social context perception, and combined neurocognitive intervention? Those interventions had an effect on factors of social cognition and neurocognition generally. Conclusion: The review demonstrated that a great deal is known about the sources of social oognition. the impact on a range of outcomes and methodology. Although some useful evidence was reported for all interventions, further research needs to be carried out.
The Effects of Integrated Smoking Cessation Program for Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Seo Ji-Min , Kim So-Hee , Byun Eun-Kyung , Kim Mi-Young , An Eun-Seon
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an integrated smoking cessation program for patients with schizophrenia. Methods: This study was designed as a nonequivalent control group repeated measures quasiexperimental study. The subjects were 47 patients wrth schizophrenia, 19 in the experimental group and 28 in the control group. The integrated smoking cessation program was given to the experimental group once a week for 10 weeks. Data was collected before treatment, midterm, immediately after (posttest 1)and3 months after (posttest 2) the treatment.Data was analyzed by χ2 test, Fishels exact test, independent t-test, and repeated measures ANCOVA. Results: After the treatment (posttest 1), between the experimental and control group, there was a significant difference in urine cotinine level. Midterm and after the treatment (posttest 1), between the experimental and control group, there were significant differences in stages of change of smoking behavior. Conclusion: The integrated smoking cessation program has limited effects on smoking behavior, cognition and behavior for quitting smoking. The results of this study suggest that further research needs to revise the integrated smoking cessation program for patients with schizophrenia.
The Effect of the Solution-focused Communication Training on the Problem Solving Ability and Interpersonal Relationship of Nursing Students
Authors: Kim Hyeon Mi
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of solution-focused communication training on the nursing students' problem-solving ability and interpersonal relationships. Methods: The research design was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control and experimental group methodological comparison study. The subjects were 48 sophomore nursing students enrolled in a university located in D city, Korea. The instruments were the problem-solving inventory developed by Heppner and Peterson, and the relationship change scale developed by Schlein adn Guemey. Collected data were analyzed by t-test wrth the SPSS/WIN 14.0 program. Results: After treatment, between the experimental and control group, there was a significant difference in the level of problem-solving ability and interpersonal relationships.Conclusion: Therefore, this study supports that solution-focused communication training has a positive effect on problem-solving ability and interpersonal relationships.
Experience of the Korean Immigrant Population in the US:
A Phenomenological Approach
Authors: Bae Jeongyee
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the experiences of Korean immigrants in the US.Methods: The participants were 11 immigrants who live in Seattle and New York. Data were collected through in-depth, unstructured audio-taped interviews by the investigator over a two-month period. The participants were asked to describe their immigration experience. The data was analyzed according to Colaizzi's method for phenomenological analysis. Results: The interview data was organized by themes into 7 categories that emerged from the analysis. Participants faced various experiences living as immigrants in the US. The categories were motivation to migrate, switching over to the new life, suffering, lack of support, efforts of adaptation, homesickness and regret, and adaptation.Conclusion: As immigrants embrace a new life in another country, they also face harsh complexities of coping with a new community, culture, and lifestyle. Due to major differences between eastern and western culture, immigrants are in great need of understanding and support. This study contributes a better understanding of Korean immigrants and knowledge gained from this study will help in developing culturally appropriate immigrant support programs to improve their everyday living conditions and further enrich their quality of life.
The case for reviewing clinical practice: recent NMC ‘Fitness to Practise’ rulings and environmental health officer notices
Authors: Rankin Andrew
Published: September 2024

Andrew Rankin discusses how the JCCP adopts an expert stakeholder approach in forming its guidance
For Grades or for Learning? Influence of Academic Orientations on Vietnamese Undergraduates' Learning Strategy Use and Mental Well-Being
Authors: Đinh Minh Hùng Đức , Nguyễn Hà Thị Việt
Published: September 2024

The use of grades as an extrinsic motivator in formal schooling has been demonstrated in previous research to have negative implications for students’ learning and mental health. This subject matter has been particularly absent from the research literature in Vietnam, where the obsession with grades is self-evident. The present study aims to explore Vietnamese university students’ orientations toward learning and grades, learning strategy use, mental well-being, and how these variables correlate. In addition, the study examines the potential interplay between learning orientation and grade orientation to influence the latter two variables. A quantitative research design was employed to achieve these goals. Survey responses were collected from 38 second- and third-year students majoring in English Language at a large, public university during a summer semester. Specifically for learning strategy use, participants were directed to pull from their experiences in a Public Speaking course that they had completed in the previous semester. Results revealed that a learning orientation was moderately related to both adaptive learning strategy use and mental wellness, whereas a grade orientation was only negatively related to learning strategy use and unrelated to mental well-being. Moreover, a strong learning orientation alone resulted in the most positive outcomes for both learning and mental health, and higher levels of grade orientation weakened those outcomes. Limitations of the study, directions for future research in this area, and implications for students and educators are then discussed.  
A Systematic Review on the Factors Related to Cyberbullying for Learners’ Wellbeing
Authors: Ibna Seraj Prodhan Mahbub , Klimova Blanka , Muthmainnah Muthmainnah
Published: September 2024

The wide use of the Internet of Things (IoT) in all spheres of life has led to a surge of cyberbullying among learners worldwide. That is why it cannot be denied that underlying factors, manifestations, consequences, and preventive measures of cyberbullying improve the welfare and overall mental development of students. This systematic literature review examines the causes, effects, and preventive measures of cyberbullying based on empirical studies conducted on learners in various situations. The review will focus on existing material published between 2015 and April 2024. For the inclusion and exclusion of literature, the Scopus online database was employed, along with the guidelines of the PRISMA model. Of 1004 studies, 51 were closely reviewed to determine the responses to the objectives of this study. NVIVO-12 was used for both thematic and content analysis in this study. The results show that there are 29 causes, 12 forms, 31 effects, and 41 different preventives for cyberbullying. The results of this study will not only enhance the comprehension of various concerns for parents, guardians, policymakers, educators, and governments but also provide valuable insights to researchers for addressing this issue.
Advancing the understanding and management of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm: Insights from recent case studies
Authors: Luo Yan , Wang Li-Juan , Wang Cheng-Long
Published: September 2024

We specifically discuss the mechanisms of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN), a rare but aggressive haematologic malignancy characterized by frequent skin manifestations and systemic dissemination. The article enriches our understanding of BPDCN through detailed case reports showing the clinical, immunophenotypic, and histopathological features that are critical for diagnosing this disease. These cases highlight the essential role of pathologists in employing advanced immunophenotyping techniques to accurately identify the disease early in its course and guide treatment decisions. Furthermore, we explore the implications of these findings for management strategies, emphasizing the use of targeted therapies such as tagraxofusp and the potential of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in achieving remission. The editorial underscores the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in managing BPDCN, pointing towards a future where precision medicine could significantly improve patient outcomes.
Mindfulness and mindful parenting: Strategies for preschoolers with behavioral issues
Authors: Zeng Yan , Zhang Jun-Wen , Yang Jian
Published: September 2024

The behavior issues of preschoolers are closely related to their parents' parenting styles. This editorial discusses the value and strategies for solving behavior issues in preschoolers from the perspectives of mindfulness and mindful parenting. We expect that upcoming studies will place greater emphasis on the behavioral concerns of preschoolers and the parenting practices that shape them, particularly focusing on proactive interventions for preschoolers' behavioral issues.
Managing Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease during pregnancy with steroid pulse therapy: A case report
Authors: Ueyama Kyouhei , Kakinuma Toshiyuki , Mori Keisuke , Hayashi Ayumi , Kakinuma Kaoru , Okamoto Rora , Kaneko Ayaka , Yanagida Kaoru , Takeshima Nobuhiro , Ohwada Michitaka
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

High-dose steroid administration is a common initial therapeutic approach for Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease (VKH). Nonetheless, administering substantial doses of steroids to pregnant women necessitates meticulous consideration due to the potential impacts on the mother and fetus. We present a case wherein steroid pulse therapy was administered to a patient who developed VKH during the late stages of pregnancy.

CASE SUMMARY

The patient was a 26-year-old nulliparous woman. At 33 weeks and 1 day of her pregnancy, she experienced a decline in visual acuity and noticed metamorphopsia in her left eye. Examination revealed bilateral serous retinal detachment, leading to VKH diagnosis. A collaborative effort involving the departments of ophthalmology, internal medicine, and neonatology was initiated. Steroid pulse therapy was administered at 34 weeks and 1 day of pregnancy under hospital supervision. Complications, such as threatened preterm labor and gestational diabetes, emerged, necessitating the initiation of oral ritodrine hydrochloride and insulin therapy. Then, serous retinal detachment was resolved, and visual acuity was restored. Labor pains initiated 32 days post-initiation of steroid pulse therapy (at 38 weeks and 4 days of gestation), culminating in a normal delivery. Mother and newborn experienced an uneventful puerperal course and were discharged from the hospital on the 5th day following delivery.

CONCLUSION

VKH management in pregnancy requires multidisciplinary coordination, emphasizing collaboration with ophthalmologists and specialists in internal medicine and neonatology.
Rare incidence of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma presenting as buccal fat pad tumor: A case report
Authors: Miyake Keitaro , Hirasawa Kazuhiro , Nishimura Haruka , Tsukahara Kiyoaki
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, originates in the mucosal lining of body organs and internal cavities, including the nose, mouth, lungs, and digestive tract. The lymphoma develops when the body produces abnormal B lymphocytes. These lymphomas develop at the edge of the lymphoid tissue, called the marginal zone, and, hence, are classified as a type of marginal zone lymphomas. They are the most common type of marginal zone lymphomas although their occurrence is rare. To date, no previous cases of MALT lymphoma in the buccal fat pad have been reported.

CASE SUMMARY

We report the case of a patient who presented with a mass on the frontal cheek. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a tumor in the buccal fat pad, and histopathological and immunohistochemical findings confirmed the diagnosis of MALT lymphoma. The patient had a history of Helicobacter pylori and hepatitis C virus infection, suggesting an association between these infective agents and MALT lymphoma.

CONCLUSION

Consideration of MALT lymphoma is essential in the differential diagnosis of frontal cheek masses.
A versatile analytical representation of the different aircraft wings
Authors: NICULESCU Valentin I. R. , POPESCU Dumitru , POPESCU Alin Gabriel
Published: September 2024

This paper presents an analytical method to describe the shape of an airplane wing. The analytical shape of the wing section implies analytical expressions for the wing parameters: maximum thickness, maximum camber, maximum camber position, minimum thickness position, and so on. The analytical expressions of the wings in a first representation allow simple relationships with the geometric parameters of the wing. The defined expressions for the wings parameters relevant for aircraft design are versatile.
State of the art of quantitative schlieren systems
Authors: PRISACARIU Emilia
Published: September 2024

The present paper details the recent advances in three schlieren visualization methods, considering only those applied to obtain values of gas-dynamic parameters of the phenomenon, namely SIV (schlieren image velocimetry), CCS (color-calibrated schlieren) and BOS (background-oriented schlieren). The above-mentioned advances refer to innovative optical configurations - introducing of new optical components or new optical alignments, state-of-the art or improved calibration methods, references to various post-processing algorithms, and present the possibility to improve system efficiency or validate the resulting schlieren data by coupling the schlieren systems with other optical methods.
A modern line of the face: popularising the smile in Republican China (1912–1937)
Authors: Wang Xiaoqing
Published: September 2024

This article examines the intersecting roles of the face with reference to the popularisation of the smile in Republican China. Research on emotional labour presupposes the potency of the open, beautiful and polite smile without delving into its underlying emotional, aesthetic and sociocultural fabric. The article argues that the modern invincible smile not only conveys emotions, facial ideals and etiquette but, at a deeper level, reproduces expressive, aesthetic and cultural order. Through the qualitative analysis of Republican discourses about the smile and its visual representations in calendar posters, pictorials, portrait photographs and films, the article demonstrates how the broad, tooth-exposing smile was dynamically constructed as a charming, cheerful and civilised face. The popularity of the smiling face in this era reveals a dramatic transformation in China’s emotional regime and expressive convention, one that is interwoven with the rise of consumerism, the spread of hedonism and the wider social process of modernisation. By exploring this complex interplay, the article evinces the multiple social lines that construct and constitute the face.
The dual economics in the labour process: managerial contradictions and indirect control
Authors: Menz Wolfgang , Nies Sarah
Published: September 2024

One of the greatest impacts of Braverman’s Labour and Monopoly Capital is the discovery of a ‘control imperative’ within the capitalist production process. Whereas his equation of capitalist domination and Taylorism has been heavily criticized early on, the capabilities of the expanded use of digital technologies at the workplace have raised the question of whether a Taylorist mode of control is on the advance once again. The article challenges this perspective by addressing managerial problems that go beyond the problem to transform labour power into actual labour. Taking up Sohn-Rethel’s theory of ‘dual economics’, we argue that the necessity to reconcile contradictory requirements of the ‘economics of the market’ and the ‘economics of production’ poses an equally crucial challenge for management. Whereas that ‘problem of reconciliation’ remained latent in the Fordist era, tensions between the two logics of economics have now increasingly become a problem to solve within the course of controlling the labour process. Drawing on our own research on ‘the inner marketization of the firm’ over the last 15 years, we discuss ‘indirect control’ as a mode of control that precisely addresses the problem of reconciliation and considers recent changes in the course of digitalization. On the basis of our empirical findings, we describe the contradictory forms of activating and restricting subjectivity in the digital workplace and its implications for the legitimation of managerial power and capitalist domination.
Speaking of the Spiritual: An Exploration of Knowledge and Pedagogy in Performing Arts in Malang, East Java
Authors: Sunardi Christina
Published: September 2024

Abstract: This article examines spiritual knowledge or ilmu that performers imparted or encouraged me to obtain while I conducted fieldwork on gamelan music and dance in the regency of Malang in the cultural region of east Java spanning 2005–2007 and subsequent visits. Thinking through ideological implications of pedagogy—that is, “[w]hat’s at stake politically in any given pedagogical model” (Wong 2001: 6), I focus on performers’ beliefs and discourses about ilmu as a form of pedagogy and system of knowledge. I extend Kathy Foley’s (1985) and Sarah Weiss’s (2003) discussions of an “empty vessel” approach to performance that is valued in different parts of Java to explore the preparation of a performer’s body to serve as a suitable container for ilmu . I contend that through their beliefs, practices, and verbal discourse about ilmu , musicians and dancers in Malang were maintaining and producing local systems of knowledge, transmission, and competence in a context of globalization, urbanization, and increasing expressions of Islamic orthodoxy and piety in Indonesia. Continuing such knowledge systems was part of performers’ ideological and cultural work to uphold local culture and identity as Javanese people, more broadly speaking, and as east Javanese in particular.
HIST 248: The Multiethnic Soviet Union
Authors: Kasimova Zukhra
Published: September 2024

SUMMARY: Contributing to the series "New Curricula for New Histories of Northern Eurasia," Zukhra Kasimova publishes the syllabus of her course "HIST 248: The Multiethnic Soviet Union." The course presents Soviet history from a multiethnic perspective. Резюме: В рамках серии материалов "Новые университетские курсы по новой истории Северной Евразии", Зухра Касимова публикует программу своего курса "HIST 248: Многоэтнический Советский Союз". Курс представляет советскую историю с точки зрения многоэтнической перспективы.
Curating is Believing: Digital Art Exhibition and Holocaust Memory
Authors: Stiassny Noga
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT: This article explores the potential of digital exhibitions to enhance Holocaust memory for generations that soon will not have direct contact with survivors, positioning such exhibitions as an innovative educational tool. Focusing on the Nazi gas chambers—a negative symbol of Holocaust memory—as its case study. The article utilizes the "Visual History of the Holocaust: Rethinking Curation in the Digital Age" research project's Media Management and Search Infrastructure (VHH-MMSI) to link artworks with their broader historical and socio-cultural contexts. By using modern digital technology to connect present day audiences with past atrocities and their artistic representations, the article highlights the mnemonic role of art and digital curation in teaching Holocaust studies in the digital age.
Mapping the Unapproachable: An Analysis of Digital Mappings of Traumatic Places in Europe
Authors: Dressel Leo
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT: Memorial sites that commemorate the suffering caused by Nazi terror in Europe are often represented and conveyed through digital geomedia such as multimedia maps, augmented reality applications, or GPS-based audio walks. In my understanding of geomedia, I am following media studies professor Hedwig Wagner, who defines it as "global communication media with reconnection to concrete physical locations" (my translation). In the field of digital Holocaust Memory, various authors refer to the potentials of geomedia to reveal something that is otherwise invisible. Victoria Grace Walden, for example, proposes in her interpretation of the augmented museum reality application Oshpitzin, that mobile devices in this context may be "used as excavation tools that help us to reveal layers of the past that lie dormant, not made visible, or forgotten in today's physical environments." While I am convinced that geomedia indeed does have the potential to reveal invisible parts of the past, I think that a critical examination of its function within digital Holocaust memory—as representation of a place of trauma, and as a discourse—is a fruitful endeavor, one that I will follow in my article.
La arenga militar en Herodiano: el testimonio del Ambrosianus B 119 sup
Authors: Iglesias-Zoido J. Carlos
Published: September 2024

Abstract: The present paper aims to bring light to the issue about the speech in Herodian’s work, analyzing the causes behind the anthology of battle exhortations of Herodian’s History preserved in Ambrosianus Graecus B 119 sup. To this end, I will study both the argumentation and the narrative setting of each of these five pre-battle speeches, focused on the exhortation to courage.
Carlos Barral y el horizonte del editor en tiempos oscuros
Authors: Sánchez Pablo
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Among the autobiographies of Spanish-language publishers, Carlos Barral’s project undoubtedly stands out, consisting of three volumes plus an autofiction, which he published between 1975 and 1988, precisely when his power as a publisher had expired. The set of these four texts is not only essential for understanding the socio-literary strategies of an entire period of Spanish, European and Latin American literature. In addition, it builds a complex and exceptional image of the publisher over time, in which can be detected the decision-making process, the importance of symbolic and economic capital, and the effect of the different literary and political struggles. In short, the repertoire of successes and failures, of alliances and enmities, of criticisms and self-criticisms that distinguish the position of the editor from that of other literary activity agents.
Creación artística e intención testimonial en las memorias de Esther Tusquets
Authors: Simó-Comas Marta
Published: September 2024

Abstract: This study focuses on the four books of memoirs by Esther Tusquets: Confesiones de una editora poco mentirosa (2005), Habíamos ganado la guerra (2007), Confesiones de una vieja dama indigna (2009), and Tiempos que fueron (2012). The initial premise of this research posits that, in recounting her personal experience, the author not only reveals intimate aspects of herself but also constructs a cultural narrative. To unravel the complexity inherent in this duality, three areas fundamental to autobiographical writing are explored: the configuration of identity through the narrative dimension of the text, the fictionality intrinsic to the genre, and the underlying testimonial intention of the author. The analysis shows that, although Tusquets writes these memoirs from a deeply subjective perspective, by contextualising them within a range of geographical, social, cultural, and political circumstances, she produces a dual cultural narrative. Thus in the course of documenting the construction of Lumen’s catalogue through a series of definitive milestones, she also furnishes a valuable testimony to what the publishing field in Spain was like between the late Franco era and the 1990s when the great international conglomerates began to erect insurmountable barriers to the work of independent publishers.
“Cultivar la imagen de editor”: sobre la poética de Mario Muchnik
Authors: Locane Jorge J.
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Mario Muchnik was an editor of Argentinian origin who practised his profession in Spain since the late 1960s. He witnessed, therefore, a substantial change in the modes of production in the publishing industry, which was characterised by the internationalisation and concentration of the sector. This article examines his autobiographical texts, which appeared in the late 1990s when the transformations had already been consummated and Muchnik had migrated towards independent publishing. It analyses both the formal configuration of this writing as well as the argumentative plot they comprise, in which the heroic figure of the editor stands out, confronting the large publishing groups and their principle of profitability. It is concluded that Muchnik’s poetics of editor is an idealistic, quixotic and now obsolete image, which can be explained in the context of the transformations produced by globalisation in the publishing industry.
"Krig för dörren": Swedish-American Newspapers and the United States' Entry into the First World War
Authors: Gaines Gregory C.
Published: September 2024

Abstract: This article explores the sentiments held by Swedish Americans about the United States' involvement in the First World War through the lens of Swedish-language newspapers published in the United States. By examining articles in Swedish-language newspapers related to the American entry into the war, it is possible to uncover trends in localized and national Swedish-American communities' support, ambivalence, or disdain for the war. Enmeshed in an often difficult-to-navigate transnational identity, some Swedish Americans found it necessary to outwardly support their new country's military pursuits, while others actively campaigned against American involvement in the war for varieties of political, social, and cultural reasons. Understanding the range of viewpoints surrounding the American involvement in the war among Swedish Americans provides nuance and complexity to theories of created ethnicity and cultural identity of immigrant groups around the turn of the twentieth century. For many Swedish Americans, simply carving out spaces of identity in the tumultuous early twentieth-century cultural landscape of the United States meant constantly navigating shifts between cultural continuity and discontinuity. Their reactions to, and sentiments about, the first major American military involvement in Europe provide fascinating insight into their struggles to both find belonging in a new land and retain some degree of their previous cultural identities.
Carl Gustav Ellström: Covenant Leader, Socialist, Polemicist
Authors: Karlsson Love
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Throughout the first decade of the twentieth century, Carl Gustav Ellström rapidly moved up in prominence within the Swedish Evangelical Mission Covenant in America (later known as the Evangelical Covenant Church). As a young pastor working in Swedish immigrant communities in New Jersey and New York, he preached that the point of life was to achieve personal salvation through a life of piety and service guided by the teachings of the Bible. His successful work with a congregation called Svenska Pilgrimskyrkan in Brooklyn soon earned him one of the most prestigious positions in the Swedish-American religious milieu: the role as pastor of the massive Swedish Tabernacle of Minneapolis, later known as the First Covenant Church. However, after only having served in Minneapolis for a few years, Ellström left the church to become a lecturer employed by the Scandinavian Socialist Federation, an organization affiliated with the Socialist Party of America. As a representative of the federation, he toured the country, urging thousands of Scandinavian migrant workers to contribute to the creation of a socialist society that he believed would embody Christian values. His ideological eclecticism would eventually prove to be too unorthodox for his new comrades in arms, however, and he would end up abandoned by both the socialist movement and his former allies in the church. In this article, a reworked excerpt from a much longer master's thesis that covers the entirety of Ellström's life, I write about the last decade before his death. The article covers Ellström's time as the lead pastor of the Swedish Tabernacle of Minneapolis and his life after he decided to join the Scandinavian Socialist Federation, the largest organization for Scandinavian-American socialists in the United States, detailing his travels as an employed speaker of the federation, as well as the eventual fallout that ended them.
Time-of-flight based imaging in strong scattering underwater environments
Authors: Jin Xin , Du Dongyu , Jin Jiawei , Fan Yihui
Published: September 2024

Time-of-flight (TOF) based underwater imaging is of great importance in practical applications due to its high image quality. Existing works separate scattered and ballistic photons in the time and space domains to recover objects in weakly scattered underwater scenes. However, in turbid underwater environments, absorption and strong anisotropic scattering cause weak ballistic light tightly coupled with forward-scattered and backward-scattered photons. The difficulty in isolating scattered light significantly limits the imaging capabilities of the existing methods. To tackle the problem, a forward-backward-distinctive imaging model is proposed, which models the spatial distribution of forward scattered illumination by point spread function (PSF) of the turbid water while modeling the backward scattered field by diffusion equation (DE) to describe the anisotropic scattering in the water accurately. Based on this, the underwater boundary migration model (WBMM) is derived, an explicit mapping relationship between the scene and the measurements is established, and a reconstruction algorithm utilizing time-of-flight information in the turbid water is realized. Experiments on a real scattering imaging system are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the existing methods in terms of reconstruction accuracy and imaging limit subjectively and objectively. Even though the signal photons are highly scattered in turbid water, and the spatial distribution of the reflected light are greatly changed, the proposed method can reconstruct an object with a one-way scattering length of 9.5 mean transmission free-range (TMFPs), corresponding to a round-trip scattering length of 19 TMFPs, which is very favorable for dealing with underwater scattering imaging problems.
Visible-wavelength and monostatic coherent transceiver with independent second harmonic generation on transmitted and local lights using commercially available lithium niobate phase modulator for fundamental wavelength
Authors: Ito Yusuke , Tamada Akihito , Kameyama Shumpei , Imaki Masaharu
Published: September 2024

We propose what we believe to be a new monostatic coherent transceiver at visible wavelength using a commercially available lithium niobate (LiNbO3) phase modulator (LNPM), which is capable of high-speed, wide-bandwidth, and multi-functional operation. The proposed coherent transceiver needs successful heterodyne detection with independent second harmonic generation (SHG) on transmitted and local lights. Experimental proof of the above-mentioned heterodyne detection is shown. The proof of concept for the application to continuous-waves coherent Doppler lidar (CW-CDL) is shown in both free-space and underwater sensing. Preliminary experiment regarding high-speed and wide-bandwidth modulation is additionally shown.
Optically transparent frequency-selective thermal radiator based on metamaterials
Authors: Cuilian Xu , JIANG JINMING , Yan Mingbao , Wang Wenjie , Wang Lei , Wang Jun , Sui Sai , Fan Qi , Wang Jiafu
Published: September 2024

Metamaterials provide amazing opportunities for developing frequency selective radiation because of their unique electromagnetic resonance properties. However most frequency-selective thermal radiation metamaterials currently do not have an optical transparency property, which prevents them from being used in some special occasions. Here, an optically transparent frequency-selective thermal radiator is designed and fabricated using the metallic-like properties of ITO. The emissivity of the metamaterial in the atmospheric transparent windows (3.0-5.0μm and 8.0-14.0μm) is less than 0.1, while the emissivity outside the windows (5.5-7.6μm) is very high, thus achieving strong thermal radiation efficiency. Finally, the thermal radiation power of frequency-selective thermal radiator, low-emissivity coatings, and black body was analyzed using the thermal radiation model. Compared to traditional low-emissivity coatings, the advantage of frequency-selective thermal radiators is that it provides an efficient thermal radiation window for the target, further enhancing its infrared stealth capability through radiative cooling.
Effects of prenatal fish oil supplementation on the development and performance of female kids after weaning
Authors: Erez Ibrahim , Serbester Ugur
Published: September 2024

This study was performed to determine the influence of fish oil, an omega-3 fatty acids source, supplemented to diets of goats throughout all stages of gestation on the growth and milk production of weaned female kids. Eighty German Fawn (75%) x Hair (25%) crossbred goats were randomly assigned to treatment (fish oil, FiO group) and control (Rumen protected fat, RPF group) groups during the first half of pregnancy. Subsequently, the FiO group was further allocated into FiO-FiO and FiO-RPF subgroups and RPF group was further divided into RPF-FiO and RPF-RPF subgroups containing 20 goats in each during the second half of pregnancy. The growth and feed intake of 41 female kids (aged 75.1 ± 6.73 days, with a mean live weight of 11.6 ± 3.00 kg) were recorded for a 98 day post-weaning, In the continuation of the study, live weight changes, milk yield and composition of young female goats from mating to the second month of lactation and the growth of female kids until weaning were studied for a total of 210 days. Maternal nutrition slightly influenced the live weight gain of female kids over a 98-day investigation period (p = 0.070). When growth performance was considered, a higher feed conversion efficiency of female offspring was determined in RPF-FiO (5.52) treatment group compare to female kids in other treatment groups (p = 0.086). However, the maternal feeding system significantly affected live weight in the RPF-FiO treatment group during the mating period (P = 0.054). Concerning the feed intake, maternal nutrition significantly affected the feed intake of female kids (p < 0.01) with the highest feed consumption in the FiO-RPF group. The findings of this study have shown that fish oil enriched diet given to goats during gestation improved daily live weight changes and total live weight gain of female kids despite the initial disadvantage after weaning. At mating time, the live weight of young female goats in the RPF-FiO treatment group, which exhibited the highest feed conversion ratio during the 98-day study, was higher than the remaining treatment groups. Maternal nutrition had no effect on milk yield or milk components in young goats during lactation. Young female goats born to dams in the FiO-RPF group showed better performance than the other groups regarding live weight performance of their offspring on 56th day postpartum.
Determinants of women’s empowerment in Nepal
Authors: van Dongen Daan-Max , Obrizan Maksym , Shymanskyi Vladyslav
Published: September 2024

This study seeks to identify key determinants of women empowerment in Nepal using a rich set of socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics as well as behavioral factors and regional indicators. Results showed that older age is generally associated with higher empowerment across all these domains, while partner controlling behavior tended to decrease empowerment in beliefs about violence and control over sexuality. Education level and wealth were correlated with increased empowerment in control over sexuality and safe sex, though not in the other two domains. Access to media showed mixed effects, reducing empowerment in decision-making but enhancing it in control over sexuality and safe sex. The results suggest that women’s empowerment has morphed from the purview of gender equality programs to its current state, where it is considered a broader goal for development.

Introduction

Nepal is characterized by low empowerment of women which may have negative effects on their health status as well as sexual and reproductive rights. We seek to identify key determinants of women empowerment in Nepal using a rich set of socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics as well as behavioral factors and regional indicators.

Methods

This study utilizes 4,211 women aged between 15 and 49 years from the 2022 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) for Nepal. Following the previous study for Mozambique, we use Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to identify components of women’s empowerment along three domains: beliefs about violence, decision-making and control over sexuality and safe sex. We use logistic regressions to identify significant predictors of empowerment in each domain and provide crude and adjusted odds ratios along with their 95% confidence intervals.

Results

We found that older age is generally associated with higher empowerment across all these domains. Interestingly, while partner controlling behavior tended to decrease empowerment in beliefs about violence and control over sexuality, it was linked to increased decision-making empowerment. Notable regional differences emerged, with higher levels of empowerment observed in the Madhesh and Sudurpashchim regions. Further, education level and wealth were correlated with increased empowerment in control over sexuality and safe sex, though not in the other two domains. Access to media showed mixed effects, reducing empowerment in decision-making but enhancing it in control over sexuality and safe sex.

Conclusion

Our results have many similarities but also notable differences with previous literature which emphasizes the importance of regular and region-specific studies of women’s empowerment, acknowledging the potential for its change over time and also the prevailing differences across regions.
‘Was my kidney biopsy worth it?’–A qualitative phenomenological study of patient experiences and perceived barriers to kidney biopsy
Authors: Toal Michael , Raynor Megan , McKeaveney Clare , O’Neill Ciaran , Quinn Michael , Hill Christopher , Maxwell Alexander Peter
Published: September 2024

Background

Kidney biopsy is an important investigation in nephrology and facilitates the diagnosis of many conditions. It is an invasive procedure with the risk of significant complications, which limits its usage. There is minimal literature on how patients experience a kidney biopsy. Identifying and addressing barriers to access may expand opportunities for diagnosis and treatment. We hypothesise that patients experience kidney biopsy differently, depending on each individual’s circumstances.

Methods

Ten participants, who had undergone a total of twenty-three kidney biopsies were recruited through purposive sampling. They were interviewed about how they experienced the procedure, how they felt it had impacted their own medical care and about potential barriers and facilitators to access for other patients. A descriptive phenomenological approach was utilised and thematic analysis was applied to responses.

Results

Three main themes emerged: Unforeseen health concerns discovered, resilience and re-evaluation and the need for a patient-centred approach to biopsy. The experience of pain and discomfort varied amongst patients, but there was a significant emotional and psychological toll associated with kidney biopsy. All patients felt that the procedure had a positive impact on their treatment course through increased diagnostic information for them and their healthcare team. Further information in advance and the presence of trusted healthcare staff were identified as facilitators to kidney biopsy.

Conclusion

Kidney biopsy is experienced differently by patients. Improved information in advance by trusted healthcare professionals may reduce patient-related barriers to biopsy access.
The Future of Clothing: Will We Wear Suits on Mars?, Simone Achermann and Stephan Sigrist (2023)
Authors: Grosze Remington
Published: September 2024

Review of: The Future of Clothing: Will We Wear Suits on Mars?, Simone Achermann and Stephan Sigrist (2023)

London and New York: Bloomsbury Visual Arts, 175 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-35013-859-9, p/bk, $27.00
Sensing sferics: Electromagnetic noise and environmental signal
Authors: Moro Jeffrey
Published: September 2024

Each time lightning bursts in the Earth’s atmosphere, it releases radio waves that ricochet between the planet’s surface and its ionosphere, a layer of charged air lying between 80 km and 1000 km above our heads. This article explores these radio atmospheric signals, or ‘sferics’, across a range of media and sound arts. It argues that even as artists idealize sferics as a direct path to a kind of planetary unconscious, there remain attempts to incorporate sferics within existing cultural models of both quantitative and qualitative data. These models insist that environmental phenomena, no matter how immaterial, serve some aspect of human productivity. In short: the pursuit of sferics in media arts is also the pursuit of their use-value. To make this argument, I explore a range of sonic, visual and radio artists who incorporate sferics into their work in a variety of ways, with an emphasis on the media techniques they use to listen to, record and transmute sferics. Through readings of works by artists and scientists such as Mads Haahr, Matt DesLauriers and Alvin Lucier, I demonstrate how practices as disparate as cryptocurrency and field recording share at their root media techniques for the subordination of the environment to regimes of human signification and value production.
Sensing the planetary: Elemental jellyfish as agents of bioremediation
Authors: Johnson Elizabeth R.
Published: September 2024

Recent scientific inquiry into the lives of jellyfish has typically tied them to two, seemingly dichotomous futures. For nearly a decade, scientists have suggested that jellyfish may be taking over the oceans. Favourably responsive to the conditions of warming and increasingly hypoxic oceans, jellyfish blooms have – it seems – grown in number in recent decades, a sign of depleted oceans to come. Simultaneously, scientists have experimented with jellyfish biomaterials – including their tentacles, mucus, collagen and stem cells – to better sense and respond to environmental and biological conditions. In doing so, they have mined jellyfish for pharmaceutical, environmental and cosmetic treatments, suggesting that these jellyfish matters will play a role in the salvation of human life on Earth. Such trends in jellyfish research have re-made them as, in the words of Dmitri Papadopoulos and his co-authors, a ‘reactivated element’ of bioremediation. For them, elemental reactivations can create new situations by ‘catalyzing new modes of thought and action, waking up new insights from the slumber of the familiar and mundane’. While the uptake of jellyfish within a newly entangled sensory environment seems to promise a redistribution of agency and knowledge production across a multi-species collective, I argue here that it ultimately reifies familiar worlds. Namely, I explore how jellyfish have joined other biological agents as sensory devices and remediation technologies amid a world of petrochemicals. Through a close reading of scientific texts and interviews with scientists, I show how engagements with jellyfish reproduce the structures of petrocapitalism rather than shaking them. I ultimately consider how the concept of the ‘glitch’ in digital media might expand understandings of jellyfish beyond fossil fuels and the history of extractivism.
Elemental surplus: The articulation of a whale and a molecule, alike
Authors: Zoninsein Leonora
Published: September 2024

This article traces the emergence of modern smell as a media relation, one that evolves trough geographic practices of making and knowing the world. We follow the quintessential olfactory media, ambergris, from the context of its proto-industrial commodification on the New England whale fishery ship decks, through its formal application in the perfumer’s atelier, and then into proprietary molecular formulation by the global flavour and fragrance industry. Smell in this medial frame can be understood as a process and method of connecting things in the world a certain way, of querying how power moves through things, and how sensory experience itself structures history.