bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The rebirth of the call for antiracism in schools: learning from the past
Authors: Asare Yaa
Published: May 2022

A prominent feature of the Black Lives Matter protests following the murder of George Floyd has been the renewed call for schools to become antiracist. What can be learnt from past unsuccessful attempts to implement antiracist education? Specific critiques of the antiracist movement made by prominent academics such as Paul Gilroy are worth revisiting. Research also suggests that sections of White working-class students were alienated by antiracist strategies that were often clumsy and exclusive in their implementation. In relation to state initiatives, there has been a shift from antiracist or multicultural agendas to the forefronting of the teaching of British values in schools. It is within this context, with the catalyst of popular outrage at racial injustice, that calls for antiracist education are again being vocalised. This article suggests that a renewed form of antiracism might focus on integrating a pedagogy of educating for social justice, setting out to avoid the polarisation of racialised categories. Rather than espousing a limited and essentialising discourse of race, a reexamination of class relations could usefully be positioned within a reformulated and reimagined antiracism that offers a critique of systemic injustice to include a wider constituency than race alone.
Influence of Tenebrio molitor L Supplementation on Egg Quality and Omega-3 Content
Authors: Rahmawati Titim , Fuah Asnath Maria , Arifin Hadi Susilo , Syukur Muhamad , Dohong Salundik
Published: May 2022

Tenebrio molitor L is one of the alternative feed ingredients because it is rich in nutrients, namely protein, vitamins, minerals (calcium), energy, and fat. Tenebrio molitor L also contains 33.64Â±0.22% omega-3, so it is hoped that the eggs produced contain omega-3. In this study 300 Lohman Brown laying hens of 20-week-old were used. Completely randomized design (CRD) was applied in this study with 3 treatments and 10 replications, each replication contained 10 laying hens. Treatments were: P0= Feed containing 5% MBM, P1= Feed containing 2.5% MBM + 2.5% Tenebrio molitor L, and P2= Feed containing 5% Tenebrio molitor L. This research was conducted for 6 months. The variables observed were egg production, egg weight, egg shape index, shell weight, shell thickness, Haugh unit, yolk index, and omega-3. Treatment had no influence on egg physical quality but had a significant influence on egg weight. Treatment P0 prodeced the lowest egg weight that was 59.02Â±0.53 g. Treatment P2 had higher omega-3 contents than P0 and P1 that was 88Â±0.12 mg 100 g-1. It was concluded that Tenebrio molitor L could replace MBM up to 5% in laying hens feed, improve eggs quality, and omega-3 content in eggs.
Landsat’s Enduring Legacy: Pioneering Global Land Observations from Space
Authors: Goward Samuel N. , Rocchio Laura E. P. , Williams Darrel L. , Arvidson Terry , Irons James R. , Russell Carol A. , Johnston Shaida S.
Published: May 2022

After more than 15 years of research and writing, the Landsat Legacy Project Team, in collaboration with the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS), published an account of monitoring the Earth’s lands for a half-century with Landsat. Born of technologies that evolved from the Second World War, Landsat not only pioneered global land monitoring but in the process, drove innovation in digital imaging technologies and encouraged the development of global imagery archives. Access to this imagery led to early breakthroughs in natural resources assessments, particularly for agriculture, forestry, and geology. The technical Landsat remote sensing revolution was not simple or straightforward. Early conflicts between civilian and defense satellite remote sensing users gave way to disagreements over whether the Landsat system should be a public service or a private enterprise. The failed attempts to privatize Landsat nearly led to its demise. Only the combined engagement of civilian and defense organizations ultimately saved the Landsat program from the brink of collapse. With the emergence of 21st century Earth system science research, the full value of the Landsat concept and its continuous 50-year global archive has been recognized and embraced. Discussion of Landsat’s future continues but its heritage will not be forgotten. This innovative satellite system’s vital history is captured in this notable volume on Landsat’s Enduring Legacy.
Nutritional Properties of Nine Microgreens Consumed in Thailand
Authors: Chunthawodtiporn Jareerat , Kuengsaard Thanyatorn , Manochai Benya , Pornwongthong Peerapong
Published: May 2022

Microgreens are considered to be novel functional foods based on their nutritional properties. Compositional data of bioactive compounds and mineral nutrients with different conditions are crucial for customers. This study aimed to determine the nutritional values of some microgreens that were commonly consumed in Thailand. Nine microgreens from five families were analyzed for total anthocyanins, β-carotene and antioxidant activity by microplate reader, while vitamin C was assayed by a reflectometer. Mineral compositions of calcium, potassium, iron, and zinc were analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy with air acetylene. Microgreens were found to be a good source of antioxidant, vitamin C, K and Ca. Chinese radish accumulated the highest amount of vitamin C and Fe, at 404 μg/g fresh weight (FW) and 3.79 mg/g dry weight (DW), respectively, while red cabbage was the good source of β-carotene, accounting for 2.01 mg/g FW and Ca, at 283 mg/g DW. Water spinach and red sorrel were rich in potassium, at approximately 376 and 301 mg/g DW, respectively. However, people with impaired kidney conditions could choose sunflower and Chinese radish microgreens to avoid the adverse effects on heart function, while still receiving other nutrients from them. In conclusion, this study provided crucial information for microgreens selection that are consumed in Thailand.
McCabe on the Persons of the Trinity
Authors: Pouivet Roger
Published: May 2022

Some analytical philosophers of religion characterize the persons of the Trinity using a notion of person borrowed from modern philosophy. It is the Cartesian one of the person as a center of consciousness. Herbert McCabe is a theologian who opposed this thesis because he asserts that God is not a person. Nor are the persons of the Trinity persons in that typically modern sense. This leads McCabe to prefer the Thomistic conception of the Trinity, and to propose a form of “mysterianism.”
Concepción de infancia
Authors: Jaramillo Leonor
Published: May 2022

En este artículo se muestran las distintas posiciones que se han tenido de la niñez a través de la historia. Finalmente, se concentra en la concepción más actual del niño como sujeto social de derecho. Se hace énfasis en la importancia de la educación como promotora de desarrollo y en el papel de la familia en este proceso, así como del rol del docente en el proceso de socialización del niño. El artículo finaliza con una referencia al caso colombiano con respecto a la concepción de infancia.
Una imagen enseña más que mil palabras. ¿Ver o mirar?
Authors: Sánchez Bedoya Héctor Gerardo
Published: May 2022

Este documento plantea la diferencia entre el ver y el mirar: el ver como proceso biológico propio de todo ser humano que utiliza el sentido de la vista; entre tanto, el mirar se concibe como un proceso intencionado y reflexivo. Decir en educación que una imagen se vea, es muy distinto a decir que la imagen se mire. La fotografía, el cine, la televisión, el vídeo, el computador y la Internet son medios que han centrado su función en los diferentes tratamientos que se le ha dado a la imagen tanto estática como en movimiento. posibilitan la creación de ambientes favorables para mejorar el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. palabras clave: Ver, mirar, imagen, fotografía, cine, televisión, computador, enseñanza y aprendizaje.
Factores de la metodología de enseñanza que inciden en el proceso de desarrollo de la comprensión lectora en niños.
Authors: Franco Montenegro Mónica Paola
Published: May 2022

Este artículo forma parte de una investigación más amplia que pretende describir cómo el docente desarrolla estrategias de aprendizaje de apoyo para lograr comprensión lectora durante los primeros dos años escolares que favorezcan la calidad de la educación y genuino goce por la lectura. Para el abordaje teórico se retoman autores que fundamentan desde sus posturas elementos conceptuales tales como, Vieiro, Mialaret en cuanto a lectura comprensiva; Condemarin, José Pérez sobre aprendizaje escolar; Ausubel, Bruner, Gardner como referente de aprendizaje significativo. La investigación desde el paradigma Histórico hermenéutico permite que el modelo de investigación, propuesto por Cerda (1991) sea Cualitativo y el tipo de investigación descriptivo, por ello se utilizan técnicas como grupo focal, entrevistas semiestructuradas y observación. En la fase actual del proceso investigativo, recolección de información, indica que a pesar de estar presentes motivación, afecto y actitud adecuada en el docente cuando dirige la lectura, aún prevalece la focalización hacia la entonación, originando tal vez automatización en la actividad lectora con baja comprensión.
Amaranthus deflexus L. (Amaranthaceae), a new addition to Indian Flora
Authors: Arya Sindhu , Anil kumar Venugopalan Nair Saradamma
Published: May 2022

Few populations of Amaranthus deflexus L. were observed in Kerala region (SE-India), contributing the first record of this species to the national Flora. A morphological (macro and micro) description of the species, as well as ecological data are given. A note on the phenotypic plasticity exhibited by the taxon is also provided.
Facing salient and non-salient time sequence orientation types expressed by adverbs in English, Mandarin and Serbian
Authors: Stamenković Dušan , Figar Vladimir , Tasić Miloš
Published: May 2022

This article intends to provide insight into how speakers of English, Mandarin, and Serbian perceive spatio-temporal relations expressed by specific pairs of adverbials. In two studies participants were presented with simple sentences describing the metaphorical movement of events on the timeline (e.g., “The meeting was moved from the morning to the afternoon.”) and were asked to decide whether the event had been moved along the sagittal, vertical or transverse axis (forward/backward, up/down, left/right). The main aim of the first study, which was conducted with 104 native speakers of Serbian, was to explore the effects of axis-orientation and individual time units on participants’ preferences and response times. The target time units used were dates, hours, months, days of the week, and years. The results showed significant differences in response times between the transverse and sagittal axis conditions on the one hand (with shorter reaction times), and the vertical axis condition on the other. Moreover, the distribution of answers showed a high degree of inconsistency when it came to moving events to a previous point in time. The main aim of the second study was to identify potential differences in responses and response times to different orientations and time units between four experimental groups: native speakers of English with no second language, native speakers of English with knowledge of a second language, native speakers of Mandarin (with English as a second language), and native speakers of Serbian (also with English as a second language). The study was conducted with 126 participants. The design of the second study was largely parallel to that of the first, but it involved three trials and different time units (parts of the day, days of the week and months). The Mandarin speakers gave the quickest responses in the first two trials when deciding on the vertical axis. Moreover, reaction times were significantly shorter in the parts-of-the-day condition (e.g., “morning”, “afternoon”), across the three trials. In addition, Mandarin speakers showed an inverted trend in responses on the sagittal axis compared to the remaining three groups. While some of our results corroborate previous research on the topic, the study also provides novel empirical evidence on how Serbian speakers conceptualize time using spatial terms.
A UPR Perspective on Capital Punishment and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Nazir Amna
Published: May 2022

The Universal Periodic Review (UPR), established in 2006, has been hailed as an innovative mechanism of the United Nations’ Human Rights Council. The peer review mechanism assesses the human rights records of all UN Member States and provides recommendations to further the global promotion and protection of human rights. This article provides an analysis of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s third UPR in 2018 with a specific focus on the State’s use of capital punishment. It explores the challenges faced by the UPR and issues recommendations to foster meaningful discourse, in the international community, to protect the right to life and engender change at the domestic level.
Ultrafast laser-induced integrated property–structure modulation of Ge2Sb2Te5 for multifunction and multilevel rewritable optical recording
Authors: Zhao Kang , Han Weina , Han Zihao , Zhang Xiaobin , Zhang Xingyi , Duan Xiaofeng , Wang Mengmeng , Yuan Yanping , Zuo Pei
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we report an approach for tuning the surface morphology and phase of Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) by using an ultrafast laser in a one-step process. Four surface micro/nanostructures with specific phase states were sequentially formed by changing the pulse energy: the modified ripple structure, the completely crystallized structure, the ablated nanodots, and the ablated ripple structure. A high correlation existed between the surface micro/nanostructures and their property. Through integrated property–structure modulation, multifunctional optical recording could be achieved by using modified ripples with specific crystallized phase states. The geometric grating morphology caused by the volume shrinkage effect during crystallization enabled modified ripples to exhibit a structural color based on the grating’s diffraction effect. Moreover, the considerable change in the reflectivity of the crystallized area enabled easy grayscale identification. On the basis of the spatially resolved phase-transition threshold effect, the integrated modulation of the geometric nanograting proportion and degree of crystallization was conducted in multilevel states. Notably, different from the fixed ablated surface structures, the printed modified surface structures could be erased and rewritten by controlling its phase state. This paper presents a promising method for producing dynamic tunable metasurfaces, conducting optical anticounterfeiting, and achieving information storage.
Broadband saturable absorption in germanene for mode-locked Yb, Er, and Tm fiber lasers
Authors: Wang Qingbo , Kang Jianlong , Wang Pan , He Jiangyong , Liu Yicong , Wang Zhi , Zhang Han , Liu Yan-ge
Published: May 2022

Passively mode-locked lasers have been widely investigated as one of the effective methods to obtain ultrashort pulses. As an important part of passively mode-locked fiber lasers, the exploration of 2D material-based saturable absorber has become one of the hotspots in ultrafast photonics in recent years. Germanene, a novel 2D Dirac material, with ultrafast optical response and broadband optical absorption, is a promising alternative material for saturable absorber in mode-locked fiber lasers. In this paper, germanium nanosheets are prepared via liquid-phase exfoliated method, with the saturable absorption property systematically characterized in three major wavebands of the near-infrared region. The generation of ultrashort pulses based on germanene saturable absorber in fiber lasers is further realized, in a broad waveband (1000 nm) centered at 1061.1, 1559.3 and 1883.5 nm, respectively. In addition, noise-like pulses operation with central wavelength of 1558.6 nm is also obtained, and the formation of rogue waves is further demonstrated via statistical analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first experimental verification of the broadband saturable absorption property of germanene-based devices, covering three major fiber laser wavelengths from 1.0 to 2.0 μm.
Crystal structure of 1-isopropyl-3-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine, C11H15N5
Authors: Wang Yanjiao , Tang Xiaoqin , Liu Bin
Published: May 2022

C11H15N5, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.5677(16) Å, b = 8.1755(15) Å, c = 14.846(3) Å, β = 93.783(4)°, V = 1158.7(4) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0473, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1425, T = 173 K.
Crystal structure of bis{2-(tert-butyl)-6-((E)-((4-((E)-1-(methoxyimino)ethyl)phenyl)imino)methyl)phenolato-κ2
N,O}zinc(II), C40H46N4O4Zn
Authors: Zhao Ji-Xing , Wu Lei-Fang , Chen Da-Qun
Published: May 2022

C40H46N4O4Zn, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 12.0198(4) Å, b = 28.0212(9) Å, c = 12.0655(4) Å, β = 110.727(2)°, V = 3800.8(2) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0442, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1076, T = 173(2) K.
Crystal structure of 6,9-diamino-2-ethoxyacridinium 3,5-dinitrobenozate — dimethylsulfoxide — water (1/1/1), C24H27N5O9S
Authors: Mirocki Artur
Published: May 2022

C24H27N5O9S, triclinic, P

1
‾

$\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 7.5749(4) Å, b = 10.0368(5) Å, c = 17.9111(10) Å, α = 87.224(4)°, β = 83.678(4)°, γ = 85.414(4)°, V = 1348.04(12) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0562, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1477, T = 295(2) K.
Chemistry of tellurium containing macrocycles
Authors: Kamboj Monika
Published: May 2022

The chemistry of Tellurium containing macrocycles has received great attraction and developed rapidly. Recently inorganic chemists are fascinated by ligands containing macrocycles having tellurium as soft donor and N and O as hard donor atoms. The tellurium atom is more electropositive than carbon due to its large size that resulted in polarisation of Te–C bond. So, tellurium containing macrocycles are explored due to their high reactivity and toxicity. Well-designed macrocycles containing different metals is an interesting field of chemistry as macrocycle with mixed donor atoms can bind two different metal atoms with different nature within the same cavity and thereby ion selectivity increases. Chemistry of macrocycles with tellurium as soft donor atoms also gives rise to very interesting coordination behaviour as addition of Tellurium in macrocycle adds an additional probe (125Te NMR help to monitor their structures in solutions). The chemistry of hard and soft donors in macrocyclic framework makes interesting coordination chemistry and need to be explore. The discussion includes different types of tellurium macrocycles and their chemistry.
Status of the decay data for medical radionuclides: existing and potential diagnostic γ emitters, diagnostic β+ emitters and therapeutic radioisotopes
Authors: Nichols Alan L.
Published: May 2022

Recommended half-lives and specific well-defined emission energies and absolute emission probabilities are important input parameters that should be well-defined to assist in ensuring the diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy of individual radionuclides when applied in the field of nuclear medicine. Bearing in mind the nature of these requirements, approximately one hundred radionuclides have been considered and re-assessed as to whether their decay data are either adequately quantified, or require further in-depth measurements to improve their existing status and merit full re-evaluations of their decay schemes. The primary aim of such a review is to provide sufficient information on the existing and future requirements for such atomic and nuclear data.
Failure prevention of seafloor composite pipelines using enhanced strain-based design
Authors: Thang Vul , Hui David , Zhou Jianren , Marshall Peter W.
Published: May 2022

Steel pipes are widely used in offshore structures and buried seafloor pipelines. Buried single-wall pipelines or piles of fixed offshore platforms crossing the earthquake fault can experience very large displacement, which could cause considerable damages or failures to the pipes. The elevated strains induced in pipelines from welding connection between the pipes also can drastically reduce the pipe’s performance. Therefore, to prevent these types of damages and failures, this research used an enhanced strain-based design method along with finite element analysis, developed bonded and unbonded double-wall composite pipes, which were in replacement of the single-wall ones, and studied the effects of welding on the double-wall composite pipeline in terms of wrinkles, ovalization, stresses, and strain. Here, the double-wall annulus of the pipelines was grouted with polymer. Extensive experiments were performed with displacement loads being applied to the pipelines in clay and in air and the results were analyzed. It was found that using an enhanced strain-based design method, failures in the pipelines could be significantly reduced or possibly even eliminated. This work would also potentially lead to a new area of research in the oil and gas industries since the elevated strains induced in pipelines due to weld could lead to several modes of failure. In addition, this research found some significant impacts in terms of safety due to the bond between steel and polymer and weld imperfection in the pipelines.
A novel eudesmol derivative from the leaf essential oil of Guatteria friesiana (Annonaceae) and evaluation of the antinociceptive activity
Authors: Costa Emmanoel V. , Alencar Menezes Leociley R. , Dutra Lívia M. , Pinheiro Maria Lúcia B. , Lavor Érica M. , Silva Mariana G. , Alves Cristiane dos S. C. , Almeida Jackson R. G. S. , da Silva Felipe Moura A. , Koolen Hector H. F. , Barison Andersson
Published: May 2022

In the present study, it was evaluated the chemical composition and the antinociceptive activity of the essential oil obtained from the leaves of Guatteria friesiana. Seven compounds corresponding to 96.2% of the crude essential oil were identified. The main components identified were the mixture of β-eudesmol and α-eudesmol (58.1%), and γ-eudesmol (16.8%). A new α-eudesmol derivative, named 5-hydroxy-α-eudesmol, was isolated together with the known compounds β-eudesmol and a mixture of α-eudesmol, β-eudesmol and γ-eudesmol of the essential oil. The chemical structures were determined by 1D and 2D NMR, and MS experiments. Essential oil has significant antinociceptive properties, which are related probably with the involvement of the opioid receptors and K+-ATP channels.
Reimagining a Culture of Equality (R.A.C.E.) Lesson
Authors: Uchenna Emenaha
Published: May 2022

High school students are very seldomly, if at all, taught that race is a social rather than biological construct, and this pedagogical omission has led to biological essentialism. Biological essentialism is the belief that race can be used in predictable ways to determine intellect and/or behavior. Biological essentialism can result in the belief that unscientifically proven racial stereotypes are true. Much work is needed to support the teaching of a scientifically accurate understanding of human diversity in high school biology courses. It is of paramount importance that students are engaged in instruction that addresses racial misconceptions before they graduate high school and enter society as leaders, lawmakers, and civically active members. Missed instructional opportunities can result in the perpetuation of racial stereotypes that fuel systemic racism. The following is a culturally responsive 5E lesson “Reimagining a Culture of Equality” (R.A.C.E.). R.A.C.E. lessons are lesson model designed by the author to promote accurate teaching and understanding of human diversity, ultimately resulting in a more tolerant and scientifically literate learner.
Conflict Strength: Measuring the Tension Between Cooperative and Competitive Incentives in Experimental Negotiation Tasks
Authors: Majer Johann M. , Schweinsberg Martin , Zhang Hong , Trötschel Roman
Published: May 2022

Conflict management scholars study mixed-motive negotiation situations with cooperative and competitive incentives predominantly through multi-issue negotiation tasks in experimental studies. Intriguingly, experimenters currently lack an objective, generalizable, and continuous measure that precisely quantifies the incentives underlying these negotiation tasks. We present the conflict strength coefficient, which enables scholars to systematically quantify the incentive structures in these multi-issue negotiation tasks. By making the incentive structures accessible and numerically comparable, the conflict strength coefficient provides new insights into the central element of the experimental study of negotiation and conflict management, unmasks differences across existing tasks, facilitates research transparency, knowledge sharing, and open science practices. We demonstrate the coefficient’s benefits by providing a hands-on example from past research, by reviewing and quantitatively assessing the current literature, and by mapping conflict strength coefficients for the negotiation and conflict management research landscape and its subareas. Our analysis suggests that the conflict strength coefficient can enrich the understanding of cooperative and competitive incentives in the established tasks and directly guide and support an individual scholar’s process of knowledge creation. The conflict strength coefficient provides a methodological contribution to the experimental study of conflict management and negotiation with immediate benefits for the production of scientific knowledge, the experimental study of real-world phenomena, and theory development.
Structural model of a piezo engine for composite telescope
Authors: SM Afonin
Published: May 2022

The structural model of a piezo engine for composite telescope is constructed. This structural model clearly shows the conversion of electrical energy by a piezo engine into mechanical energy of the control element of a composite telescope. The structural scheme of a piezo engine is determined. For the control systems with a piezo engine its deformations are obtained in the matrix form. This structural model, structural scheme and matrix equation of a piezo engine are applied in calculation the parameters of the control systems for composite telescope.
Soybean yield components at different densities and planting seasons in Paraguay
Authors: Enciso-Maldonado Guillermo , Sanabria-Velázquez Andrés , Fernández-Riquelme Francisco , Díaz-Nájera José , Fernández-Salinas Paulino , Lugo-Pereira Wilfrido
Published: May 2022

The aim of this research was to evaluate the performance of soybean cultivars using different population densities and planting seasons. The experiments were established using a completely randomized block design with a 14×3×2 factorial arrangement, where factor A consisted of 14 soybean cultivars, factor B were low (177,700 plants ha-1), medium (266,600 plants ha-1), and high (355,500 plants ha-1) population densities, and factor C consisted of early and late planting seasons. We evaluated the number of pods per plant (NPP), number of grains m-2 (NG), 1000-grain weight (TGW), and yield (kg ha-1). The interaction between cultivar and planting season affected the NG, TGW, and yield. Cultivars DM-6563-IPRO, TMG-7062-IPRO, 6505-B, NA-5909-RG, M-6410-IPRO, DM-6262-IPRO, SOJAPAR-R19, 6806-IPRO, 6205-B, M-5947-IPRO and SYN-1163-RR showed higher yields in the early planting season and cultivar NS-5959-IPRO in the late planting season. Cultivars 5907-IPRO and DM-5958 showed similar yields for the two planting seasons evaluated. The highest yields were obtained from a density of 266,600 plants ha-1. The cultivar×planting season interaction affected the TGW, with the early planting season showing a greater TGW for most of the cultivars evaluated. The NPP depended on the interaction between cultivar, density, and planting season. The combination of the NG and the TGW showed a more significant influence on the generation of yield in the cultivars. This study highlights the importance of selecting genotypes according to their response to variations in planting date and plant density. This information could help Paraguayan farmers to maximize production in the same area, optimizing the available resources.
Effect of a mix of oligogalacturonides on symbiotic nitrogen fixation in common bean
Authors: Lara Danurys , Ramírez Mario , Leija Alfonso , Costales Daimy , Nápoles María Caridad , Falcón-Rodríguez Alejandro Bernardo , Hernández Georgina
Published: May 2022

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a mix of pectic oligosaccharides in the common bean-rhizobia symbiosis. Cuba Cueto-25-9-N bean seeds were inoculated with Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899 and treated with a mix of oligogalacturonides, either by application to the seed (10 mg L-1, 1 ml per seed) at sowing and inoculation or by foliar spray (5 or 100 mg L-1, 1.5 ml per plant) to plants with two trefoils. Plant growth, nodulation, nitrogenase activity, and the gene expression of glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase in nodules were evaluated in inoculated plants and oligogalacturonide-treated inoculated plants at 18 d post-inoculation. The oligogalacturonide-treated plants showed increases in shoot and root growth and number of nodules. Regarding nodule function, the oligogalacturonides increased the nitrogenase activity and the expression level of the gene coding for NADH-dependent glutamate synthase. The positive effects of oligogalacturonides resulted in higher effectiveness of the symbiotic nitrogen fixation. The application of oligogalacturonides can offer an alternative to increasing the symbiotic nitrogen fixation in common bean plants.
Abundance and flight activity of Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in a female chrysanthemum crop for seeding, Colombia
Authors: Silva-Castaño Andrés Felipe , Brochero Helena Luisa
Published: May 2022

Commercial flower crops in Colombia are largely grown within plastic greenhouses in the Sabana de Bogotá (Bogota Plateau). This study examined the abundance and flight activity of thrips in a chrysanthemum crop, estimated from plant samples, commercial yellow sticky traps, and non-commercial (self-crafted) yellow sticky tape traps installed in the crop. Frankliniella occidentalis was the dominant species present associated with all plant phenological stages. Abundance of larvae and adults was not evenly distributed throughout the greenhouse. An absolute method of plant sampling found 2.5 times more thrips larvae than the relative method of sampling plants by beating. For non-commercial traps, there was no difference in the number of thrips at different trap heights; however, traps facing the south-west caught significantly more thrips than traps facing north-west, north-east, and south-east. A moderate positive correlation was found between the number of thrips sampled on plants and the spatial location of the commercial sticky traps. The results found here provide a basis to design and standardize direct sampling methods for thrips on plants and indirect sampling using yellow sticky traps for monitoring and managing thrips in ornamental crops under plastic covers in Colombia.
Characterization of potassium solubilizing bacteria isolated from corn rhizoplane
Authors: Pérez-Pérez Reneé , Hernández Forte Ionel , Zanabria Álvarez Yarixa Openda , Salcedo Benítez Juan Carlos , Sosa-del Castillo Daynet , Pérez-Martínez Simón
Published: May 2022

Potassium is one of the most important elements in plant growth and development. Most of the potassium reserves on Earth are in insoluble mineral form, which represents a limitation for the absorption of this nutrient by plants. Some microorganisms can solubilize the mineral forms of potassium. This study aimed to isolate and identify potassium solubilizing bacteria resident in corn rhizoplane. To do this, bacteria that formed a solubilization halo around the colony on solid Aleksandrov culture medium were selected. These bacteria were then characterized considering the appearance of the colonies and cell morphology and were identified by partial 16S rDNA sequencing. Their solubilizing and potassium-releasing capacity was determined under different conditions of temperature, pH, and salinity, using potassium feldspar and muscovite as insoluble sources of potassium. Eight strains identified within the genera Paenibacillus, Lysinibacillus, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Stenotrophomonas were obtained. The release of potassium from feldspar was favored at 28 and 30°C, pH 7.5 and a saline concentration of 4 g L-1, while in the presence of muscovite the best conditions were 30 and 37°C, pH 5.5 and 7.5, and 4 g L-1 of NaCl. The most efficient strains were Bacillus sp. INCA-FRc7 and Bacillus sp. INCA-FRc19x with yields of up to 2.095 mg L-1. These strains could become alternatives to the use of potassium fertilizers and contribute to the ecological sanitation of the agroecosystems.
Linezolid decreases Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation by affecting the IcaA and IcaB proteins
Authors: Bi Hongxia , Deng Rong , Liu Yanbin
Published: May 2022

Background

The ica gene of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) plays a vital role in its growth and biofilm formation. Among them, IcaA and IcaB are critical proteins for synthesizing extracellular polysaccharides and biofilms in S. aureus. To investigate whether the formation of S. aureus biofilms can be inhibited through the IcaA and IcaB proteins by the presence of linezolid.

Methods

The icaA and icaB genes of S. aureus ATCC 25923 were silenced by homologous recombination. The critical roles of icaA and icaB in S. aureus were analysed by observing the growth curve and biofilm formation after linezolid treatment. Then, the effect of linezolid on the morphology of S. aureus was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Finally, the potential binding ability of linezolid to Ica proteins was predicted by molecular docking.

Results

The icaA- and icaB-silenced strains were successfully constructed, and the sensitivity of S. aureus to linezolid was decreased after icaA and icaB silencing. Scanning electron microscopy showed that linezolid caused invagination of the S. aureus surface and reduced the production of biofilms. Molecular docking results showed that linezolid could bind to IcaA and IcaB proteins.

Conclusion

IcaA and IcaB are potential targets of linezolid in inhibiting the biofilm formation of S. aureus (ATCC 25923).
Just a pale shadow? The characterization of Briseis in Homer’s Iliad
Authors: Molli Linda
Published: May 2022

This paper aims at analysing the character of Briseis, Achilles’ slave in the Iliad, through the lenses of narratology, in order to highlight her importance in the poem. Far from being a pale shadow, Briseis has a privileged position among captive women in the Greek camp not only because she is the cause of the quarrel between Achilles and Agamemnon, but also because she is endowed with the privilege of direct speech; at the same time, she is also linked to important women on the Trojan side, like Helen and Andromache. Through scattered bits of information about her past, through epithets and periphrases, Homer creates an in fieri portrait of the character which culminates in the lament Briseis performs on the corpse of Patroclus in Il. XIX 282–302: in remarkable lines containing her first and unique speech in the Iliad, Briseis mourns for the death of her beloved friend, while lamenting her unlucky fate. As this paper will hopefully make clear, a refined and accurate characterization provides Briseis with a rich profile, which challenges the possibility of labelling her as a minor Iliadic character.
Megaclides of Athens and the Homeric Exegesis between Aristotle and Aristarchus
Authors: Fogagnolo Marta
Published: May 2022

The paper aims to investigate the influence of the Peripatus on the Alexandrian Homeric philology and exegesis. This relationship is examined through the study of the Homeric fragments of the Peripatetic Megaclides of Athens. In a fragment specifically dedicated to the poetic portrayal of Heracles, it is possible to observe a distinction between Homer and post-Homeric poets and a devaluation of the latter’s renewal of Homeric themes. Both observations recur also in the Aristarchean exegesis, which indicates the post-Homeric poets with the derogatory expression οἱ νϵώτϵροι, perhaps already employed for this purpose by the Peripatus.
Florence as the New Jerusalem in Ugolino Verino’s Carlias
Authors: Febrer Oriol
Published: May 2022

Ugolino Verino (1438–1516) wrote an impressive Latin epic poem on Charlemagne, the Carlias. In this paper, both internal and contextual arguments are put forth in support of the interpretation of Florence as the New Jerusalem in this poem, a hypothesis already made by the first (and only) modern editor of the work. First, the internal arguments come from an analysis of the passage in which the refoundation of Florence takes place and from the structure of the entire composition, a clearly eschatological narrative. Then, the similarities and debts with relevant previous and contemporary apocalyptic literature on the Second Charlemagne are pointed out.
El último capítulo del conflicto israelí-palestino: el Acuerdo del Siglo y la reciente cooperación árabe-israelí con los Acuerdos de Abraham
Authors: Vázquez-Serrano Irene
Published: May 2022

El conflicto palestino-israelí, con origen en la anexión y ocupación continuada contraria al Derecho internacional de territorio palestino por parte de Israel, parece haberse convertido en un conflicto de los denominados intratables y de larga duración, a pesar de los numerosos procesos de paz y de las negociaciones llevadas a cabo, auspiciadas por actores externos (generalmente, miembros del Consejo de Seguridad) y con el objetivo de alcanzar una solución al conflicto que satisfaga los intereses de ambas partes y traiga paz y seguridad a Oriente Medio. El Acuerdo del Siglo (2020) es el último plan de paz ofrecido a las partes; un nuevo intento de Estados Unidos por solucionar el conflicto que ha sido rechazado por los palestinos. Pero en la actualidad asistimos también al surgimiento de un nuevo elemento en las tensas relaciones israelo-palestinas: el apoyo de ciertos Estados árabes al Estado de Israel manifestado a través de la firma de los Acuerdos de Abraham (también auspiciados por los Estados Unidos): acuerdos de cooperación comercial económica, financiera y en materia de seguridad que seguro generarán un giro estratégico en la solución del conflicto. Y todo apunta a que nuevos Estados árabes se irán uniendo a la iniciativa.
Cooling capacity of experimental system with natural refrigerant circulation and condenser radiative cooling
Authors: Tsoy Alexandr , Granovskiy Alexandr , Tsoy Diana , Koretskiy Dmitriy
Published: May 2022

The surface of the Earth is a source of radiation of thermal energy, which, passing through the atmosphere, is partially absorbed while the bulk of the energy is released into the surrounding outer space. A cooling technique based on this physical phenomenon is known as radiative cooling (RC). It is possible to reduce the consumption of electricity for cooling, as well as to reduce capital costs, by integrating the unit with radiative cooling directly into the circulation circuit of the refrigerant of the refrigeration machine. An experimental refrigeration system has been designed, in which in the cold periods of the year the removal of heat from the cooled object is carried out due to the mode of natural circulation of the refrigerant from the evaporator to the heat exchanger, cooled by radiative cooling. A refrigeration system with natural circulation and radiative cooling of the refrigerant R134a was experimentally studied during the autumn period in Almaty. The experimental study established that the chamber is cooled with the help of the examined system while the temperature in the cooled volume is maintained by 5...7 K above ambient air temperature at night. The dependence of the air temperature in the refrigerating chamber on the temperature of the atmospheric air has been determined. A procedure for assessing the cooling capacity of the system has been devised.
The study reported here demonstrated the possibility of using radiative cooling to remove heat under the mode of natural circulation of the refrigerant.
The refrigeration system reduces energy consumption in the cold seasons by diverting heat to the environment without the compressor operating
Optimizing unbalanced freight deliveries in transportation networks
Authors: Prokudin Georgii , Chupaylenko Alexey , Khobotnia Tetiana , Remekh Inna , Lyamzin Andrei , Kovalenko Marina
Published: May 2022

This paper reports a comparative analysis of the known methods for reducing open transportation problems to a balanced form in order to further optimize freight traffic based on them. A series of significant shortcomings have been revealed that largely narrow the scope of their application. A new method has been proposed, termed the method of proportional redistribution of cargo transportation volumes among participants in the transportation process, devoid of the identified shortcomings.
The transportation problem is a special case of the general linear programming problem, to which one of the methods for solving it, namely the simplex one, can be applied. A procedure to construct a simplex table based on the data from the transport table has been described, as well as the algorithm of subsequent simplex transformations.
A transportation problem is often stated in the form of a map of the location of transport hubs of cargo dispatch and destination. A matrix-network model has been proposed, which makes it possible to reduce the network representation to a matrix form with the subsequent finding of the optimal plan for cargo transportation.
In order to identify the priority of methods for reducing open transportation problems to a balanced form, 100 transportation problems that are unbalanced in terms of the volume of cargo transportation were solved. That was done with the help of a designed decision support system for the management of freight transport. As a criterion, the best freight transportation plan was chosen.
As a result, the simplex method proved the best in 48 cases, the coefficient method ‒ in 27, the dummy node method ‒ in 16, and the difference method ‒ in 9 cases. The use of a decision support system for the management of freight transport has increased its efficiency by an average of 25 %
Building a model of supply chains duopoly taking into account the marketing and innovative activities of manufacturing enterprises
Authors: Kurudzhy Yuliia , Mayorova Iryna , Moskvichenko Iryna
Published: May 2022

This paper reports the construction and analysis of the economic and mathematical model of the duopoly of supply chains, based on the model of optimization of plans for the release and delivery of multi-range articles, taking into consideration the marketing and innovative activities of industrial enterprises. Demand for goods is supposed to be an increasing function of advertising costs. In this case, marketing investments affect only the base selling prices of articles and do not affect competitive discounts. The explicit form of this dependence can be established as a result of marketing research. It is also assumed that investments in innovative technological projects could reduce industrial costs; production costs are decreasing functions of the size of the investment. It is believed that the demand function is linearly dependent on the total volume of output produced. The criterion of optimality for supply chains is the maximum of the total profit received from the sale and delivery of finished products to points of consumption, taking into consideration the costs of production and advertising. As a result of this study, equilibrium solutions of the duopoly according to Cournot and Stackelberg were found. That has made it possible to determine the optimal values of product volumes for output, the size of investment investments, as well as product advertising costs. The model helped study the impact of investment deductions and advertising costs on the acquisition of competitive advantages by manufacturing enterprises. A numerical illustration of the results obtained is given. The proposed approach could be used to build and analyze dynamic optimization models taking into consideration the innovation and marketing activities of enterprises, as well as to study other market structures
Establishing an interconnection between the technical and technological parameters of milking equipment based on the movement of a milk-air mixture in a milking machine
Authors: Aliiev Elchyn , Paliy Andriy , Dudin Volodymyr , Kis Viktor , Paliy Anatoliy , Ostapenko Volodymyr , Levchenko Iruna , Prihodko Mikola , Korg Olga , Kladnytska Larysa
Published: May 2022

Machine milking is one of the main technological processes in the dairy industry whose efficiency level largely affects cattle breeding in general. The key role, in this case, belongs to milking equipment. The design and use of technical means of milking are associated with certain difficulties related to the imperfection of milk discharge. Therefore, the current study is due to the need to investigate the process of moving the milk mixture in a milking machine.
A physical-mathematical model of the process of moving the two-phase milk-air mixture along the milk-conducting line of a milking machine has been built. The mathematical model relates the value of the fluctuating of vacuummetric pressure ΔP, the rate of milk discharge QM, the pulse rate ζ, and the value of working vacuummetric pressure P. It was found that in the milk-conducting system with the upper milk pipeline there is a large fluctuation of vacuummetric pressure ΔP=1.02–4.69 kPa, which exceeds the regulated value (2.5 kPa). In a milk-conducting system with a lower milk pipeline, the vacuummetric pressure fluctuation is ΔP=0.59–1.84 kPa.
The patterns of change in the value of working pressure P and the frequency of pulsations ζ in the milking machines of simultaneous and pair action depending on the rate of milk discharge from the udder have been determined.
It is established that the maximum deviation of the value of fluctuation of vacuummetric pressure ΔP between the experimental and theoretical data within a predefined range of factors is 0.81 kPa. The correlation coefficient is 0.92, which indicates the adequacy of the constructed models. Owing to this, the task of the rational choice of milking equipment is resolved