bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The breeding method and its influence on the intensification of the tomato selection process
Authors: Маkоvеi M. D.
Published: October 2020

Relevance. The article presents the results of using three different selection methods to obtain new forms of tomato that combine high productivity with resistance to high-temperature stress factor.

Methods. Eleven hybrid combinations were used as experimental material. Selections were made starting with the offspring of the F1 generation. Three different methodological approaches were used: 1 – step-by-step alternation of sporophytic-gametophytic selections under high temperature pressure; 2 – only gametophytic selection using heat-treated pollen for pollination; 3 – traditional selections based on a high value of indicators of the studied traits. In each of the variants of the experiment, we studied: the heat resistance of offspring at different stages of ontogenesis – "sporophyte-gametophyte"; the duration of the vegetation period of plants; the fruit formation; the total yield. The offspring of the most stable and productive plants isolated from different hybrid combinations were combined in the populations in each variant of the experiment and a comparative analysis and evaluation of the effectiveness of the methods used was carried out.

Results. It is shown that the combination of step-by-step sporophyte-gametophyte selections under the action of high-temperature regimes (43°C and 45°C), at early stages (F1–F3) lead to more stable, productive offspring in F5-F7 both for sporophyte and gametophyte traits, compared to using only gametophyte selections and stronger differences relative to the control variant. The gradual alternation of selections at different stages of ontogenesis also leads to the production of offspring with a shorter period of passage of the phenophases "seedling-flowering" – "floweringmaturation" and a stable manifestation of signs that determine the quality of the fruits. Using only gametophytic selections and traditional methods of selection was less effective than alternating sporophyte-gametophyte ones.

Conclusions. The differentiating ability of the selection methods used and their influence on obtaining more resistance and productive genotypes was established. The advantage of the method of step-by-step alternation of sporophyte-gametophyte selections, which led to the production of new lines (118/1, 124/1, 133-11/1, 133-12/1, 134/1, 110/1 and 7/1) with high resistance at different stages of ontogenesis (sporophyte-gametophyte), shorter vegetation period and high fruit-forming capacity in three different years of research (2015-2017).
Characteristics of VNIISPK apple cultivars on semi-dwarf rootstock 54-118
Authors: Galasheva A. M. , Krasova N. G. , Ozherelieva Z. E.
Published: October 2020

Relevance. Due to the wide diversity of cultivars and rootstocks, the selection of more productive, commercial and adapted graft-rootstock combinations for industrial orchards in the Orel region and the entire Central Chernozem region is relevant.

Materials and methods. The studies were carried out at the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK) on the bases of the laboratory of cultivar study and cultivar agrotechnics of pome crops and the laboratory of physiology of fruit plant resistance. Winter apple cultivars of VNIISPK breeding ‘Sinap Orlovsky’, ‘Veteran’, ‘Orlik’, ‘Rozhdestvenskoye’, ‘Svezhest’, ‘Bolotovskoye’, ‘Veniaminovskoye’ and control cultivar ‘Antonovka Obyknovennaya’ on the vegetatively propagated semi-dwarf rootstock 54-118 were taken as objects of the studies. The orchard was planted in autumn 2013, the planting scheme was 6 mx3m.

Results. The studied apple cultivars have good compatibility with 54-118 rootstock, provide good tree development and low-sized crown. The highest yield on average for three years was in scab-immune apple cultivars ‘Bolotovskoye’ (4.6 t/ha), ‘Rozhdestvenskoye’ (3.4 t/ha) and ‘Venyaminovskoye’ (3.2 t/ha). The highest indicators for the load of the crop on the crown volume, crown projection area, and cross-sectional area of the stem were for ‘Svezhest’ and ‘Bolotovskoye’. As a result of determining the frost resistance of apple cultivars in mid-January to temperatures up to -38...-40°C, it was revealed that in the hardened state, the cultivars showed frost resistance of buds and tissues of annual shoots with reversible damage at -38°C in the middle of winter. A decrease in temperature to -40°C in January increased damage to buds and wood in the studied varieties, while the bark was characterized by greater frost resistance. According to the degree of damage to the cortex in January, when the temperature dropped to -40°C, ‘Rozhdestvenskoye’, ‘Svezhest’, and ‘Sinap Orlovsky’ were at the control level.
Prospects for the use of intensive rootstock for cultivation of pear cultivars in the conditions of Central Russia
Authors: Semin I. V. , Dolmatov E. A. , Ozherelieva Z. E.
Published: October 2020

Relevance. Unfortunately, there are no intensive pear plantations in the central regions of Russia due to the absence of intensive dwarf rootstocks. Therefore, the research aimed at obtaining winter-hardy rootstocks that provides early industrial fruiting of gardens, limits plant growth and gives a quick return on investment, is very important and can be applied in many different ways.

Materials and methods. The research was carried out in the laboratory of selection and variety study of pears and non-traditional pome crops of the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (FSBSI VNIISPK). The object of the research was the common quince selected by FSBSI VNIISPK. In 2008-2010 and 2012-2014 we studied the economic and biological characteristics of the common quince as clonal pear rootstocks when propagated by green cuttings.

Results. The research results show high winter hardiness of the common quince plants in Oryol region, as well as their high regenerative capacity in case of damage caused by adverse winter conditions. It was determined that some types of common quince can be reproduced by green cuttings and provide a high yield of uniform planting material. The common quince has a high seed productivity that allows to get seedling rootstocks of high quality. Some pear cultivars demonstrate a good compatibility with the common quince, moderate growth and high early maturity in comparison with the pear rootstock; there are also preliminary data on compatibility of 11 pear cultivars in a nursery, and 4 cultivars that are incompatible with the common quince.
POLÍTICAS Y MODELOS DE INTERVENCIÓN LOCAL EN MATERIA SOCIOPRODUCTIVA Y AMBIENTAL: un análisis en el contexto argentino reciente
Authors: Carmona Rodrigo Reynaldo
Published: October 2020

ResumenEl artículo busca examinar las distintas políticas y modelos de intervención local en materia socioproductiva y ambiental en tres municipios importantes de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (San Martín, Malvinas Argentinas y Tigre), en el período 2015-.2018. Se presentan así los principales debates sobre políticas locales, relaciones intergubernamentales, gobernanza y desarrollo sostenible. Posteriormente, se analiza cada municipio considerando los principales programas y modelos de intervención local, con especial atención en las capacidades municipales vis a vis los niveles superiores de gobierno. Enconsecuencia, se pretende dar cuenta de cómo se configuran los distintos modelos de intervención local, los rasgos específicos que asumen las iniciativas desplegadas y los alcances políticos e institucionales desarrollados.Palabras clave: Políticas socioproductiva y ambiental. Municipios. Modelos de intervención local.POLICIES AND MODELS OF LOCAL INTERVENTION IN SOCIO-PRODUCTIVE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS: an analysis in the recent argentine contextAbstractThe article seeks to examine the different policies and models of local intervention in socio-productive and environmental matters in three important municipalities of the Province of Buenos Aires (San Martín, Malvinas Argentinas and Tigre), in the period 2015-2018. The main debates on local policies, intergovernmental relations, governance and sustainable development are presented. Subsequently, each municipality is analyzed, it evaluates the main programs and models of local intervention, with special attention on municipal capacities compared to higher levels of government. Consequently, it isexpected to give an account of how the different models of local intervention are configured, the specific aspects assumed by the initiatives deployed and the political and institutional scope developed.Keywords: Socio-productive and environmental policies. Municipalities. Local intervention models.
A QUESTÃO AMBIENTAL NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE: conflitos socioambientais, garantias constitucionais e a efetividade das políticas públicas em debate - Entrevista especial com Dimas Floriani
Authors: Mesquita Benjamin Alvino de
Published: October 2020

Dimas Floriani - Sociólogo. Doutor em Sociologia pela U.C.L. Louvain, Bélgica, 1991, com pós-doutorado no El Colégio de México e PNUMA, 2002. Professor Titular e aposentado Sênior nos programas de Ciências Sociais (PGSOCIO-UFPR) e no Doutorado Interdisciplinar em Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento (PPGMADE-UFPR), do qual foi coordenador em 1996-98. Bolsista em Produtividade em Pesquisa (CNPq).
KRENAK, Ailton. Ideias para adiar o fim do mundo. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2019.
Authors: Gayoso Solange
Published: October 2020

Ailton Krenak nasceu no Vale do Rio Doce, Minas Gerais, em 1954. Com 17 anos, migrou com seus parentes para o estado do Paraná. Alfabetizou-se aos 18 anos, tornando-se, a seguir, produtor gráfico e jornalista. Na década de 1980 passou a se dedicar exclusivamente à articulação do movimento indígena.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS PARA ERRADICAÇÃO DO SUB-REGISTRO CIVIL DE NASCIMENTO NO BRASIL (2008-2018)
Authors: Claro Carolina de Abreu Batista
Published: October 2020

Em 2008, o Brasil adotou a política de erradicação do sub-registro civil de nascimento e de promoção do acesso à documentação básica. Passados 10 anos de atividades, diz-se que o país erradicou o sub-registro civil de nascimento, embora os dados mostrem que cerca de 1% das crianças nascidas no país permanecem sem registro. Considerando que o registro civil de nascimento é um direito humano que garante o exercício dos demais direitos e, sabendo que os esforços brasileiros para erradicação do sub-registro têm sido considerados exitosos, este artigo analisa os 10 anos da política nacional sob a perspectiva das políticas públicas em direitos humanos, identificando, ainda, os impactos da descentralização da política nos órgãos públicos no alcance das metas estabelecidas no decênio 2008-2018. Conclui que as ações coletivas, a padronização documental e dos sistemas de informação contribuíram para o sucesso dessa política pública; no entanto, permanecem os desafios de registro civil de nascimento dos chamados grupos prioritários. A metodologia de pesquisa consiste em revisão bibliográfica e análise de dados estatísticos oficiais do governo brasileiro.Palavras-chave: Registro civil de nascimento. Brasil. Políticas públicas.PUBLIC POLICIES FOR THE ELIMINATION OF BIRTH UNDER-REGISTRATION IN BRAZIL (2008-2018)AbstractIn 2008 Brazil adopted a policy to eradicate civil under-registration of birth and to promote access to basic documentation. After 10 years of activities, the country is considered to have eradicated birth under-registration, although data shows that about 1% of children born in the country remain unregistered. Considering that birth registration is a human right that guarantees the exerciseof other rights, and knowing that Brazilian efforts to eradicate under-registration have been considered successful, this article analyzes the 10 years of the national policy from the perspective of human rights policies, also identifying the impacts of policy decentralization on public agencies in achieving the goals established for the 2008-2018 decade. In conclusion, collective actions,document standardization and information systems contributed to the success of such policy. However, the challenges of birth registration of the so-called priority groups still remain. The research methodology consists of literature review and the analysis of official statistical data of the Brazilian government.Keywords: Civil registry. Brazil. Public policies.
Growth of Companies and Growth Potential on the Example of Business Services for Firms Sector on NewConnect Market
Authors: Bolek Monika , Czulak Bartosz
Published: October 2020

The article is related to the growth of young companies operating in the business services for firms sector, that are listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange alternative market – NewConnect. The growth opportunity models are introduced to explain the growth process of these companies together with other controlling factors such as profitability, size of the company and its earnings. As the result of the research it is found that growth potential is negatively correlated with assets and equity growth in short term, but it affects positively earnings per share growth in a longer, three-year period. It can therefore be concluded that in the sector taken into consideration, investors’ decisions reflected in the growth potential measures may be translated into company’s value growth only in a longer term.
Veterinary Telemedicine: A literature review
Authors: Massin Teller Lori , Moberly Heather K
Published: October 2020

As telemedicine becomes more mainstream in the veterinary profession, it is important to understand when and how to utilise it successfully, and its potential downsides. This literature review supports the use of veterinary telemedicine for teleconsultations, and using wearable and mobile health (mHealth) devices for monitoring animal health. Data supporting the provision of virtual care directly to a client within an established veterinarian-client-patient relationship (VCPR) is more limited, and some of what we know comes from paediatric medicine on the human side. As we have learned from human health care providers, we must be aware there could be a tendency to overprescribe antimicrobials in a virtual visit compared to an in-person visit. Data have also shown telemedicine can be just as effective in diagnosing respiratory disease when compared to traditional visits to a doctor’s office or hospital. Telemedicine is especially effective in areas where access to care is limited, whether because of geography, finances, or lack of resources. Overall, veterinary telemedicine and telehealth can provide positive results.
Endometritis supurativa en una tití gris (Saguinus leucopus) en cautiverio: reporte de caso
Authors: Sánchez-Sáenz Laura Cristina , Brieva-Rico Claudia , Díaz-Quiroga Claudia Consuelo
Published: October 2020

Endometritis is inflammation of the intern uterus lining caused by different infectious microorganisms, and it can be clinical or subclinical and have an acute or chronic path. This paper describes the case of a female white-footed tamarin (Saguinus leucopus) in rehabilitation from the Unidad de Rescate y Rehabilitacion de Animales Silvestres (URRAS), that presented a uterus disease and the pathological findings were compatible with suppurative endometritis. There are no reports of endometritis in Callitrichidae, suggesting that more studies need to be done to determine the risk factors in the presentation of these reproductive diseases and to standardize paraclinical tests that improve their diagnosis in small primates, taking into account the limited information available for the affected species and the implications for its conservation
„О, память сердца, ты сильней рассудка памяти печальной” (поэзия как форма инкультурации)
Authors: Olesina Yelena , Stukalova Olga
Published: October 2020

W artykule zaprezentowane zostały wyniki badań korelacji poezji i procesu inkulturacji człowieka, przez który rozumie się opanowanie norm zachowania i tradycji występujących w określonej kulturze. Celem opracowania jest ujawnienie cech procesu odzwierciedlenia w tekście poetyckim pewnego kodu kulturowego, nabycie przez niego nowych właściwości, a następnie konwersja tekstu poetyckiego na nowy kod kulturowy. Badanie obejmowało przeprowadzenie ustnej i pisemnej ankiety, sesji grup fokusowych wśród różnych grup wiekowych w kilku regionach Federacji Rosyjskiej. W rezultacie autorzy dochodzą do wniosku, że najczęściej przypominane wiersze poetyckie tworzą wspólny kulturowy obraz świata; tekst poetycki zostaje zinterioryzowany przez perceptora, który włącza go do swojego doświadczenia kulturowego. Cytowanie tekstu poetyckiego w mowie w życiu codziennym pozwala człowiekowi w twórczy sposób wyrazić siebie przez obraz artystyczny. Częste cytowanie tekstów poetyckich ma wpływ na rozwój kultury współczesnej.
Психобіографічне підґрунтя інтимної лірики Тараса Шевченка
Authors: Betko Irena
Published: October 2020

W artykule podjęto próbę interpretacji intymnej liryki miłosnej Tarasa Szewczenki w kontekście psychologiczno-symbolicznej biografii poety. Okazuje się, że kreowanie obrazów ukochanych kobiet w poezji Szewczenki jest uwarunkowane archetypiczną postacią Wielkiej Matki, która utrzymuje równowagę wartości duchowych w zakresie sacrum/profanum. Powoduje to konsekwentne przeciwstawianie się bohaterek lirycznych: tych idealnych — tym demonicznym.
Ogród Karkonosza Josefa i Karela Čapków jako miejsce autobiograficzne a współczesne sposoby konstruowania tej przestrzeni
Authors: Brzezińska-Winkiel Anna
Published: October 2020

Cílem článku je analýza autobiografického místa zvaného Krakonošova zahrada v esejích a dílech bratří Josefa a Karla Čapků (ze sbírek O sobě a Krakonošova zahrada) v kontextu koncepci míst vzpomínaných a ztracených Małgorzaty Czermińské. Tato analýza je pak konfrontována se současným vnímáním míst dospívání slavných sourozenců, které můžeme charakterizovat jako místa paměti. Popis je podpořen analýzou dokumentů (fotografií, turistických tras, muzeí), a zejména jednoho projektu — mapování prostoru na základě Mapy Čapek, kterého podtitul zní: Cestujte s námi na místě, kde Karel, Josef a Helena žili a tvořili. Srovnání těchto dvou hledisek má za cíl odhalit fungování mechanismů paměti jako hlavního nositele významu tohoto místa.
Paměti českého disentu po roce 1989
Authors: Halamová Martina
Published: October 2020

После падения коммунистического режима чешское диссидентское движение участвовало в создании новых эго-документов, отсылающих к интерпретации социалистического прошлого. В статье данная проблематика представлена на примере двух мемуарных диссидентских текстов. Речь идёт о life story актрисы Власты Храмостовой и о путевых заметках писательницы Эды Крисеовой. Данные саморефлексивные мемуары являются сознательно конструируемым речевым актом защиты памяти и культурного взаимодействия с инакомыслием. Их мышление, сформировавшееся в диссидентской среде, сосредоточенной на необходимости быть человеком «духовным» (Я. Паточка) и участвующим в общественной деятельности, представляет собой тенденцию в чешской литературе рубежа тысячелетий, когда снова обсуждалось участие в литературе с целью «исправить» интерпретацию прошлого, особенно 50-х гг. ХХ в. и периода «нормализации». Методологическая база исследования основана на трудах М. Альбвакса и П. Рикёра.
Natural Fibre Polymer Composites – A Game Changer for the Aviation Sector?
Authors: Gomez-Campos Alejandra , Vialle Claire , Rouilly Antoine , Hamelin Lorie , Rogeon Aline , Hardy David , Sabalyrolles Caroline
Published: October 2020

As part of the efforts to reduce the environmental impacts caused by the aviation sector, the use of bio-based instead of fossil-based materials has been assessed as a possible mitigation option. Natural Fibre Polymer Composites have proven to have a higher environmental performance in the automotive sector and are emerging as an option for weight reduction in aircraft. This study quantifies, though Life Cycle Assessment, the environmental performance of specific flax-based composite panels intended for aircrafts as interior fitting elements (i.e. partition panels, tray tables, baggage compartments) compared to a glass fibre/epoxy composite with a honeycomb core. Through system expansion, the fate of co-products issued from the production of the flax fibre technical textile used as reinforcement in the biocomposite material were considered in the assessment. Results showed that for an application in the aeronautics sector, the weight of the panels is the upmost critical parameter shaping the overall environmental performance of panels. Focusing on the panel production only, the biocomposite panel showed a higher environmental performance in the categories of climate change and marine eutrophication compared to the conventional panel, and the fire suppressant agent was identified as the main contributor to the environmental impacts of the bio-based panel. Yet these gains were negligible when considering the full life cycle of the panels, due to the higher weight (14%) of the bio-based panels; which is linked to the bio-based panel being at a prototype stage.In order to improve the environmental performance of the biocomposite panel and thus reduce its weight, it was shown relevant to optimize geometry of the panel itself, especially its core, so less resin could be used.
The Promising Rise of Bioprinting in Revolutionalizing Medical Science: Advances and Possibilities
Authors: Jamee Radia , Araf Yusha , Naser Iftekhar Bin , Promon Salman Khan
Published: October 2020

Bioprinting is a relatively new yet evolving technique predominantly used in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. 3D bioprinting techniques combine the advantages of creating Extracellular Matrix (ECM) like environments for cells and computer-aided tailoring of predetermined tissue shapes and structures. The essential application of bioprinting is for the regeneration or restoration of damaged and injured tissues by producing implantable tissues and organs. The capability of bioprinting is yet to be fully scrutinized in sectors like the patient-specific spatial distribution of cells, bio-robotics, etc. In this review, currently developed experimental systems and strategies for the bioprinting of different types of tissues as well as for drug delivery and cancer research are explored for potential applications. This review also digs into the most recent opportunities and future possibilities for the efficient implementation of bioprinting to restructure medical and technological practices.
Pengaruh Feedback dan Motivasi Latihan Terhadap Keterampilan Passing Control Sepak Bola
Authors: Rachmat Ramadhan Maulana  , Widiastuti  , Taufik Rihatno
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang perbedaan variabel bebas terhadap variabel terikat. Terdapat dua variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini, yaitu perlakuan latihan feedback dan motivasi latihan. Sebagai variabel terikat adalah hasil latihan passing control dalam sepakbola. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan desain Penelitian Rancangan Treatment By Level 2 x 2.subyek penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah Atlet ekstrakulikuler sepakbola  SMP N 2 Depok. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen yang melibatkan variabel bebas, yaitu feedback langsung, feedback tertunda dan motivasi latihan, sedangkan variabel terikatnya adalah keterampilan passing control sepakbola. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, 1. Perhitungan kelas interval, frekuensi absolut dan frekuensi relatif pada Keterampilan Passing Control Sepak Bola pada Kelompok Feedback Langsung (A1) mean sebesar 18,50 nilai median sebesar 18,00, nilai modus sebesar 25. 2. Perhitungan kelas interval, frekuensi absolut dan frekuensi relatif pada Keterampilan Passing Control Sepak Bola pada Kelompok Feedback Tertunda (A2) didapatkan mean sebesar 16,80 nilai median sebesar 17,00, nilai modus sebesar 17. 3. Perhitungan kelas interval, frekuensi absolut dan frekuensi relatif pada Motivasi Latihan pada Kelompok Feedback Langsung (B1) mean sebesar 154,15 nilai median sebesar 156,00, nilai modus sebesar 159. Simpangan baku sebesar 7,365. 4. Perhitungan kelas interval, frekuensi absolut dan frekuensi relatif Motivasi Latihan pada Kelompok Feedback Tertunda (B2) didapatkan mean sebesar 144,20 nilai median sebesar 144,50, nilai modus sebesar 150. Simpangan baku sebesar 6,363. Perhitungan kelas interval, frekuensi absolut dan frekuensi relatif frekuensi  Keterampilan Passing Control Sepak Bola pada Kelompok Feedback Langsung yang memiliki Motivasi Latihan Tinggi (A1B1) didapatkan mean sebesar 22,80, nilai median sebesar 23,50, nilai modus sebesar 25. Simpangan baku sebesar 2,348. 6. Perhitungan kelas interval, frekuensi absolut dan frekuensi relatif Keterampilan Passing Control Sepak Bola pada Kelompok Feedback Tertunda yang memiliki Motivasi Latihan Tinggi (A2B1) didapatkan mean sebesar 19,30 nilai median sebesar 19,00 nilai modus sebesar 17. Simpangan baku sebesar 2,312. 7. Perhitungan kelas interval, frekuensi absolut dan frekuensi relatif Keterampilan Passing Control Sepak Bola pada Kelompok Feedback Langsung yang memiliki Motivasi Latihan Rendah (A1B2) didapatkan mean sebesar 14,20 nilai median sebesar 14,50. Nilai modus sebesar 11 Simpangan baku sebesar 2,440. 8. Perhitungan kelas interval, frekuensi absolut dan frekuensi relatif Keterampilan Passing Control Sepak Bola pada Kelompok Feedback Tertunda yang memiliki Motivasi Latihan Rendah (A2B2) didapatkan mean sebesar 14,30 nilai median sebesar 15,00 nilai modus sebesar 17. Simpangan baku sebesar 2,669
PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, DAN KETERAMPILAN IBU MENGENAI PUBERTAS PADA REMAJA PUTRI DENGAN DISABILITAS INTELEKTUAL RINGAN
Authors: Salsabil Amalina , Novianti Langgersari Elsari , Hendriati Agustiani
Published: October 2020

Remaja putri dengan disabilitas intelektual ringan (DI) menunjukkan perkembangan seksual yang sama seperti anak-anak seusianya, termasuk pada masa pubertas. Ibu biasanya merupakan pengasuh utama dan disebutkan sebagai sumber panduan terbaik bagi remaja putri dengan DI ringan untuk mempelajari berbagai perubahan yang terjadi di masa pubertas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki sejauh mana pengetahuan, sikap, dan keterampilan yang dimiliki ibu dalam menghadapi pubertas pada anaknya, yang merupakan remaja putri dengan DI ringan. Rancangan penelitian kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Tiga orang ibu dari remaja putri dengan DI ringan bersedia untuk terlibat dalam wawancara semi-terstruktur melalui telepon. Hasil wawancara ditranskripsikan, diberikan kode, dan tema berdasarkan kerangka analisis kualitatif Creswell (2012). Strategi triangulasi dilakukan untuk memenuhi keabsahan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ibu cukup mengetahui adanya keterbatasan kemampuan berpikir pada remaja putri dengan DI ringan dan mengetahui beberapa tanda pubertas yang khusus terjadi pada perempuan. Namun, informasi yang dimiliki ibu belum menyeluruh. Terlihat ada ketidaksiapan pada diri ibu saat pertama kali mengetahui anaknya menunjukkan tanda pubertas. Keterampilan yang dimiliki ibu belum dapat mendorong anak untuk memberdayakan dirinya sendiri. Informasi yang disampaikan ibu kepada anak cenderung berupa konsekuensi dari adanya perubahan tubuh, sedikit mengenai fakta biologis, dan belum melibatkan aspek emosi dan sosial pubertas. Penelitian berikutnya dapat dilakukan berupa penyusunan rancangan program intervensi yang dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu dari remaja putri dengan DI ringan agar lebih siap menghadapi pubertas yang dilalui anaknya.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Siswa Menggunakan Pembelajaran Model Learning Cycle 7E (LC 7E) pada Pokok Bahasan Penyajian Data dan Peluang di Kelas X MIA-1 SMA Negeri 9 Jakarta
Authors: Venesia Yulita , Noornia Anton , Murdiyanto Tri
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa pada pokok bahasan penyajian data dan peluang di kelas X MIA-1 SMA Negeri 9 Jakarta melalui pembelajaran menggunakan model learning cycle 7e. berdasarkan hasil observasi dan hasil tes prapenelitian kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa yang dilakukan di kelas X MIA-1 SMA Negeri 9 Jakarta menunjukan bahwa kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa termasuk kategori rendah, yaitu 31,44 dari nilai maksimal 100. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya untuk meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa. Salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi masalah pembelajaran yang terjadi ialah dengan menerapkan pembelajaran model learning cycle 7e. Model learning cycle terdiri dari 7 tahap yaitu elicit, engage, explore, explain, elaborate, evaluate dan extend, masing-masing tahapan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa dalam proses pembelajaran.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (classroom action research) yang dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus dan setiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahapan yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, analisis dan refleksi. Setiap siklus menggunakan pembelajaran model learning cycle 7e. Siswa juga diberikan tes akhir pada setiap siklus untuk mengukur peningkatan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa. Penelitian ini berlangsung dari bulan April hingga Mei 2016 di kelas X MIA-1 SMA Negeri 9 Jakarta tahun ajaran 2015/1016 dengan jumlah siswa 36 orang.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pembelajaran matematika menggunakan model learning cycle 7e dapat meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa pada materi penyajian data dan peluang. Hal tersebut ditunjukan berdasarkan hasil pengamatan pada aktivitas pembelajaran matematika dengan model learning cycle 7e. selain itu, meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa ditunjukan dengan adanya peningkatan nilai rata-rata tes akhir siklus. Rata-rata nilai tes akhir kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa kelas X MIA-1 pada siklus I adalah 53,48 termasuk dalam kriteria C+, kemudian pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 68,03 termasuk dalam kriteria B dan pada siklus III meningkat menjadi 80,22 termasuk dalam kriteria B+. Kemudian jumlah siswa dengan nilai kemampuan penalaran matematis mencapai atau melebihi 75 juga mengalami peningkatan. Siklus I sebanyak 10,34% siswa, pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 24,24% siswa dan pada siklus III meningkat menjadi 84,37% siswa.
Penerapan Teknik Pembelajaran Thinking Aloud Pair Problem Solving (TAPPS) untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis pada Pokok Bahasan Kubus dan Balok di Kelas VIII-5 SMP Negeri 27 Jakarta
Authors: Lusiyana Lusi , Rahayu Wardani , Salsabila Ellis
Published: October 2020

Berdasarkan hasil observasi dan hasil tes pendahuluan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis yang dilakukan di kelas VIII-5 SMP Negeri 27 Jakarta, dapat dikatakan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa masih rendah, sehingga kemampuan tersebut perlu ditingkatkan. Penerapan teknik pembelajaran thinking aloud pair problem solving (TAPPS) dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu alternatif dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran di kelas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa kelas VIII-5 SMP Negeri 27 Jakarta melalui penerapan teknik pembelajaran TAPPS.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (classroom action research) yang dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus, setiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahapan, yaitu: perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Pembelajaran di setiap siklus dilaksanakan dengan menerapkan teknik TAPPS. Siswa diberikan tes akhir siklus untuk mengukur kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa. Penelitian ini berlangsung dari bulan maret hingga april 2016 di kelas VIII-5 SMP Negeri 27 Jakarta tahun ajaran 2015/2016 dengan jumlah siswa di kelas sebanyak 36 orang siswa.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan teknik pembelajaran TAPPS dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dengan adanya peningkatan nilai rata-rata tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis yang diberikan setiap akhir siklus. Rata-rata nilai kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa kelas VIII-5 pada penelitian pendahuluan adalah 39,97, pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 67,71, pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 79,98, dan pada siklus III meningkat menjadi 87,27. Jumlah siswa yang mencapai atau melebihi nilai kriteria ketuntasan minimal (KKM) pada tes akhir siklus juga mengalami peningkatan. Pada penelitian pendahuluan hanya ada satu siswa (2,78%), pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 13 siswa (36,11%), pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 25 siswa (69,44%), dan pada siklus III meningkat menjadi 31 orang (86,11%)

Kata Kunci : Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis, Teknik TAPPS
Penerapan Pendekatan Saintifik Dengan Model Pembelajaran Think Talk Write (TTW) untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa pada Materi Pythagoras Kelas VIII-E SMP Negeri 115 Jakarta
Authors: Ananda Alfian Tri , Makmuri Makmuri , Ambarwati Lukita
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasimatematis siswa melalui pendekatansaintifikdenganmodel pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Talk Write (TTW) di kelas VIII-E SMP Negeri 115 Jakarta. Kemampuan komunikasimatematisadalah kemampuan mengkomunikasikan matematika baik secara lisan maupun tulisan dan cara berbagi ide serta mengklarifikasi pemahaman, maka melalui komunikasi, ide-ide menjadi objek refleksi, diskusi, serta perbaikan.

Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam 3 siklus dengan setiap siklusnya terdiri dari 2 pertemuan. Setiap siklus dilakukan tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, analisis, dan refleksi. Penelitian ini berlangsung dari bulan oktobersampainovember 2016 di kelas VIII-E SMP Negeri 115Jakarta tahun ajaran 2016/2017.Pada setiap siklus, siswa diberikan tes akhir siklus untuk mengukur kemampuan komunikasimatematis siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar observasi, lembar tes, pedoman wawancara dan alat dokumentasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi, tes, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran matematika melaluipendekatansaintifikdenganmodel pembelajaran Think Talk Write (TTW) dapat meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasimatematis siswa. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dengan adanya peningkatan nilai rata-rata tes akhir yang diberikan pada setiap siklus. Rata-rata nilai tes akhir kemampuan komunikasimatematis kelas VIII-E pada siklus I yaitu 56,48, dan siklus II meningkat menjadi 68,29 dan siklus III meningkat menjadi 87,73.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran SAVI Terhadap Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematika Peserta Didik di SMPN 1 Tambun Selatan
Authors: Wijaksana Aris Hadiyan , Pratiwi Ayunabilla Suci , Indiyah Fariani Hermin
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran SAVI terhadap peningkatan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada peserta didik kelas VII semester genap tahun ajaran 2017/2018 pokok bahasan Aritmetika Sosial di SMPN 1 Tambun Selatan, Bekasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan quasi experiment. Pengambilan sampel tahap pertama menggunakan teknik purposive random sampling dan tahap kedua menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa tes awal (pretest) dan tes akhir (posttest) kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika yang terdiri dari 5 soal uraian. Pengujian validitas menggunakan validitas isi, konstruk, dan empiris. Pengujian validitas isi dan konstruk dilakukan oleh ahli dan perhitungan validitas empiris menggunakan rumus Pearson Product Moment. Perhitungan reliabilitas instrumen menggunakan rumus korelasi Alpha Cronbach dan diperoleh koefisien reliabilitas sebesar 0.624 untuk pretest dan 0.633 untuk posttest. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan data penelitian, kelas eksperimen dan kontrol berasal dari populasi yang berdistribusi normal dan memiliki varians homogen. Terdapat tiga hipotesis yang diujikan. Pengujian hipotesis pertama dan kedua menggunakan uji-t berpasangan dengan taraf signifikansi 0.05 dan pengujian hipotesis ketiga menggunakan uji-t tidak berpasangan dengan taraf signifikansi 0.05. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan hipotesis ketiga, diperoleh dan sehingga hipotesis tolak H0. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa model SAVI berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika peserta didik SMPN 1 Tambun Selatan.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemahaman Matematis Siswa SMP Terhadap Soal Persamaan Garis Lurus Berdasarkan Indikator Pemahaman
Authors: Permatasari Dinda
Published: October 2020

Banyak siswa kesulitan dalam hal memahami soal matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan matematis siswa SMP dalam menyelesaikan soal persamaan garis lurus berdasarkan indikator pemahaman. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif. Sampel penelitian diperoleh melalui teknik purposive sampling yaitu pengambilan sample dengan pertimbangan tertentu. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 7 soal persamaan garis lurus berdasarkan indikator pemahaman. Instrumen penelitian telah diuji cobakan kepada 10 siswa SMP yang sebelumnya sudah penah mempelajari materi persamaan garis lurus. Setelah melalui proses uji coba, prosentase siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal adalah pada soal nomor 1 (100%), soal nomor 2 (55%), nomor 3 (35%), soal nomor 4 (26,7%), soal nomor 5 (20%), soal nomor 6 (13%), soal nomor 7 (5%). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal persamaan garis lurus berdasarkan indikator pada umumnya masih rendah. Hasil penelitian menujukkan banyaknya kesalahan siswa dalam memahami soal, siswa lemah dalam memahami konsep persamaan garis lurus, tidak menggambarkan titik koordinat dari suatu persamaan kedalam diagram cartesius, siswa tidak hafal rumus yang berkaitan dengan persamaan garis lurus, dan siswa tidak dapat membedakan rumus yang digunakan untuk menyelesaikan soal. Alternatif mengatasi lemahnya kemampuan pemahaman siswa adalah perlu bagi guru untuk dapat mengembangkan strategi pembelajaran agar siswa terlatih kemampuan pemahaman matematisnya dengan memberikan soal â€“ soal latihan yang bervariasi kepada siswa secara kontinu.
Utility of the optical quality analysis system for decision-making in Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy in patients with light posterior capsule opacity
Authors: Lu Bo , Zhu Weijie , Fan Yu , Shi Dong , Ma Liwei
Published: October 2020

Background: A prospective cohort study was performed to evaluate whether the Optical Quality Analysis System (OQAS) can serve as a valuable additional indicator for appropriate posterior capsulotomy referral. Methods: One hundred and five eyes from 96 patients undergoing capsulotomy were divided into precapsulotomy logMAR CDVA ≤ 0.1 group and logMAR CDVA > 0.1 group. CDVA， and the Visual Function 14 index (VF-14) score were estimated before and one month after capsulotomy. The objective scattering index (OSI) value was measured by using the OQAS. Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) severity was assessed with Evaluation of PCO 2000 (EPCO 2000) software. Results：In logMAR CDVA > 0.1 group, the correlations of OSI, logMAR CDVA, EPCO score and VF-14 score were very strong preoperatively. In logMAR CDVA ≤ 0.1 group, preoperatively, OSI was correlated with logMAR CDVA (r = 0.451), EPCO score (r = 0.789), and VF-14 score (r = 0.852). LogMAR CDVA has weak correlation with VF-14 score (r = -0.384) and EPCO score (r = 0.566). VF-14 score was correlated with EPCO score (r = -0.669). In the logMAR CDVA ≤ 0.1 group, there was no significant difference in logMAR CDVA between precapsulotomy and postcapsulotomy (P > 0.05). In the two groups, all the other optical quality parameters were significantly improved after capsulotomy (P < 0.05). In logMAR CDVA > 0.1 group, the area under the curve of the ROC of the OSI was 0.996 (P = 0.000). In logMAR CDVA ≤ 0.1 group, the area under the curve of the ROC of the OSI was 0.943 (P = 0.000).Conclusions：The OSI was useful for evaluating of PCO and prediction of beneficial capsulotomy. Especially for patients with slight PCO and better visual acuity, OSI is more valuable than CDVA and completely objective examination. Trial registration: The study protocol was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. Register: ChiCTR1800018842 (Registered Date: October 13th, 2018).
Demographic predictors of hospitalization and mortality in U.S. children with COVID-19
Authors: Moreira Alvaro , Chorath Kevin , Rajasekaran Karthik , Burmeister Fiona , Ahmed Mubbasheer , Moreira Axel
Published: October 2020

Understanding which children are at increased risk for poor outcome with COVID-19 is critical. In this study, we link pediatric population-based data from the United States’ Center for Disease Control and Prevention to COVID-19 hospitalization and in-hospital death. In 27,045 U.S. children with confirmed COVID-19, we demonstrate that African American [OR 2.28 (95% CI: 1.93, 2.70)] or mixed race [OR 2.95 (95% CI: 2.28, 3.82)] and an underlying medical condition [OR 3.55 (95% CI: 3.14, 4.01)] are strong predictors for hospitalization. Death occurred in 39 (0.19%) of 20,096 hospitalized children; children with a prior medical condition had an increased odd for death [OR 8.8 (95% CI: 3.7, 21.1)].Conclusion: Hospitalization and in-hospital death are rare in children diagnosed with COVID-19. However, children at higher risk for these outcomes include those with an un underlying medical condition, as well as those of African American descent.
Using social media data to assess the impact of COVID-19 on mental health in China 
Authors: Zhu Yongjian , Xie Jingui , Yu Yugang , Chen Anfan
Published: October 2020

The outbreak and rapid spread of COVID-19 not only caused an adverse impact on physical health but also brought about mental health problems among the public. To assess the causal impact of COVID-19 on psychological changes in China, we constructed a city-level panel data set based on the expressed sentiment in the contents of 13 million geotagged tweets on Sina Weibo, the Chinese largest microblog platform. Applying a difference-in-differences approach, we found a significant deterioration in mental health status after the occurrence of COVID-19. We also observed that this psychological effect faded out over time during our study period and was more pronounced among women, teenagers and older adults. The mental health impact was more likely to be observed in cities with low levels of initial mental health status, economic development, medical resources, and social security. Our findings may contribute to the understanding and control of COVID-19’s mental health impact.
Emergency medical service evaluations for chest pain during the COVID-19 lockdown in Hollands-Midden, the Netherlands
Authors: Koning Enrico de , Boogers Mark , Bosch Jan , Visser Matthijs de , Schalij Martin , Beeres Saskia
Published: October 2020

Objective: To assess whether the COVID-19 lockdown might have had negative indirect health effects, as people seem to have been reluctant to seek medical care. Methods: All emergency medical service (EMS) rides for chest pain and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in the Dutch region Hollands-Midden (population served >800.000) were evaluated during the initial 6 weeks of the COVID-19 lockdown and compared to the same period in 2019 in two cohorts. The primary end-point was the incidence of evaluated chest pain patients during the COVID-19 lockdown. In addition, the incidence of EMS evaluations of ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and OHCA were assessed.Results: During the COVID-19 lockdown period, the EMS evaluated 927 chest pain patients (49% male, 62±17 years) as compared to 1041 patients (51% male, 63±17 years) in the same period in 2019 corresponding with a significant relative risk reduction of 0.88 (95% CI 0.81-0.96; P=0.006). Similarly, there was a significant reduction in the incidence of STEMI patients (RR 0.52; P=0.009) whereas the incidence of OHCA (RR 1.23; P=0.29) remained unchanged. Conclusion: During the COVID-19 lockdown, there was a significant decrease in patients with chest pain evaluated by the EMS paralleled by a reduction in STEMIs, while the incidence of OHCA remained similar. While the reason for the decrease in chest pain and STEMI consultations is not entirely clear, more attention should be drawn to the importance of contacting the EMS in case of suspected cardiac symptoms in possible future lockdowns.
Disability-adjusted Life Years for respiratory syncytial virus in children under 2 years
Authors: Villamil Juana Patricia Sanchez , Polack Fernando , Buendia Jefferson
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus infection is the leading cause of bronchiolitis in Colombia. There is growing evidence about the impact of Respiratory syncytial virus on society in terms of years of life lost due to this condition. The objective of the present study is to determine the Disability-Adjusted Life Years for respiratory syncytial virus in children under 2 years in ColombiaMETHODS: Data from the national epidemiological surveillance system were used to estimate DALYs, calculated from the sum of years of life lost and years lived with disability due to RSV infection in Colombia. A bootstrapped method with 10000 iterations was used to estimate each statistical parameter using the package DALY calculator in R. RESULTS: In 2019, 260 873 years of life (CI95% 208 180- 347 023) were lost due to RSV bronchiolitis in Colombian children under 2 years. The estimated rate was 20 DALYs / 1000 person-year (95% CI 16 – 27).CONCLUSION: This is the first report estimating the impact of RSV bronchiolitis morbidity and mortality in Colombia. The findings of the present study suggest that the actual burden and cost of bronchiolitis due to RSV is high. Prevention strategies, such as RSV vaccination, to reduce morbidity associated with RSV infection should be encouraged in our country.
Cellphone laws and teens’ calling while driving: analysis of repeated cross-sectional surveys in 2013, 2015, 2017 and 2019
Authors: Li Li , Pope Caitlin N , Andridge Rebecca R , Bower Julie K , Hu Guoqing , Zhu Motao
Published: October 2020

Background: Distracted driving among teen is a public health and safety concern. Most states in the U.S. have sought to restrict cellphone use while driving by enacting laws. This study examines the difference in prevalence of self-reported calling while driving (CWD) between states with different cellphone bans.Methods: Demographics and CWD data were extracted from state Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (YRBS) from 14 states in 2013, 2015, 2017, and 2019. The state YRBS is conducted every two years with a representative sample of 9th through 12th grade students attending public school. States were grouped by type of cellphone law(s): no ban (the absence of both handheld calling ban and young driver ban), young driver ban (a ban on all forms of cellphone use while driving, for young drivers only), or concurrent ban (a young driver ban plus a ban on handheld calling for all drivers irrespective of age). Poisson regression models with robust variance were used to estimate prevalence ratios comparing CWD prevalence across ban types.Results: In total, 157,423 high school students participated in the surveys, and 65,044 (45%) participants reached the minimum age to obtain an intermediate license and drove during the 30 days prior the survey. Approximately 53% of participants reported CWD at least once during the previous 30 days, and the percentages varied widely by states (range: 51%-55%). Compared to students from states with no ban, those from states with concurrent bans were 19%(95% CI: 14%-24%) less likely to engage in CWD. Students in states with concurrent bans were 23% less likely to engage in CWD compared to students in states with young driver bans (95% CI:17%-27%). Conclusions: Engaging in CWD is common among teen drivers. The concurrent implementation of a handheld calling ban and a young driver ban was associated with a lower prevalence of CWD.