bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Holacracy and Crisis Management: Leveraging Self-Organisation for Effective Crisis Response and Organisational Resilience
Authors: Thulani Bongani Makhanya Monument , Faith Vezi-Magigaba Makhosazana
Published: February 2025

Traditional hierarchical systems in organisations frequently impede successful crisis management by reducing agility, decision-making flexibility, and employee empowerment. In contrast, Holacracy provides a solution by supporting self-organisation, distributed decision-making, and a resilient organisational culture. This chapter explores ways of equipping organisations to respond effectively to emergencies by using self-organising principles. This chapter used bibliometric methods as a methodology. The use of bibliometric methods was beneficial in understanding the current research landscape, in identifying important trends, and in guiding evidence-based decision-making strategies in crisis management and organisational resilience applied in this chapter. The robustness and effectiveness of the approach was increased by utilising the bibliometrix VOSviewer tool. This chapter concludes that Holacracy provides an effective framework for organisations to overcome crises by encouraging self-organisation and distributed decision-making. Organisations can improve agility, innovation, and collaboration by applying these concepts to increase resilience in the face of adversities.
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Application in Toxicity Therapeutics of CNS Disorders Indicated by Molecular MRI
Authors: Zhao Lei , Peng Tao , Wu Shawn Y.
Published: February 2025

Nanomedicine holds promise in the process of diagnosis and treatment settings of neurotoxic conditions in many central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases and other non-tumor diseases herein, especially when using iron oxide nanoparticles for imaging biomarker development in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at the molecular level. The status and perspectives in the field of recent utilization of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs) and/or ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIOs) for theranostics evaluation are introduced, focusing on Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and others based on the Aß cascade hypothesis and/or the oligomeric amyloid hypothesis as well as hyperphosphorylated tau fibrils leading to neurotoxicity in AD, the propagation hypothesis of neurotoxic misfolded α-synuclein in PD, and other mechanism in CNS disorders, including on neuroinflammation. In this chapter, we demonstrate the role of iron oxide nanoparticles as nano-theranostic agents in molecular neuroimaging with MR scans for CNS disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and other non-tumor diseases. Some methods of doing imaging analysis in MR imaging data are provided. The introduction of the fundamental mechanism of nanoparticle-initiated neurotoxicity would seem out of the aim of our description.
Utilizing a Thermogradient Device to Establish the Germination Vigor Response of Crop Seeds
Authors: L. Grey Timothy , de Souza Rodrigues Juliana , J. Bowen Samantha
Published: February 2025

The initiation of seed germination is a critical first step in establishing many plant species associated with agronomic crop production. Crop species are uniformly tested for standard germination and sometimes vigor prior to market release but, these assessments are predominantly implanted for commercial production of registered and certified seed. Seed germination, vigor, and initial seedling growth can be evaluated using a thermogradient device that holds constant temperatures across a wide range for evaluation. Models can then be used to establish germination, vigor, and seedling growth indices related to time, temperature, and response to predict genomic stability, and phenotypic responses due to variations in climate during seed production. This will be reviewed in this chapter.
About Industrial Network Cybersecurity
Authors: Gamboa Silvana , Mogro Ricardo
Published: February 2025

In this chapter a brief introduction to industrial automation and control systems (IACS) and industrial networks is provided, as well as their main differences with respect to information technology (IT) networks are identified. Next, cybersecurity issues in the industrial networks field and how this can influence the operation of IACS are presented. The most common vulnerabilities detected in industrial communications networks are also described. In addition, some of the current regulations in this field are presented, and the basic measures that must be applied to protect this type of network are suggested. Finally, a practical demonstration of vulnerabilities and cybersecurity rules application over a test IACS has been developed.
Emergency Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Fulminant Myocarditis Complicated with Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Laimoud Mohamed , Alanazi Mosleh , Qureshi Rehan , Hakami Emad , Hussein Khalid , Sadraldin Rozana , Raslan Ismail
Published: February 2025

Fulminant myocarditis is a life-threatening condition that can rapidly progress to cardiogenic shock or cardiac arrest. Because of its rarity and different etiologies, it can be challenging to diagnose. It should be kept in the differential diagnosis, especially in patients without known cardiomyopathy. We present two cases with Fulminant myocarditis (FM) that were challenging for the medical team to diagnose and achieve successful outcomes. The first patient had systemic lupus erythematosus and had presented with cardiogenic shock. The second patient had FM after COVID-19 vaccination and presented with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and required extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR). Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is a life-saving short-term circulatory and ventilatory support that gives the medical team sufficient time to reach an accurate diagnosis and deliver definite management. Moreover, VA-ECMO can be a bridge to a durable ventricular assist device or heart transplantation in case of failed cardiac recovery.
Prepartum vaginal microbiota and postpartum uterine microbiota in cows
Authors: Bazzazan Ali , Costa Marcio , Segura Mariela , Lefebvre Réjean
Published: February 2025

Postpartum uterus clears bacteria within 6 weeks; however, up to 40% of dairy cows cannot eliminate uterine infection. Culture-independent approaches based on the analysis of the 16S rRNA gene indentified reduced richness and diversity in the reproductive tract of cows with endometritis. Goal was to characterize the vaginal microbiota before calving and the uterine microbiota after calving in cows that had or not developed endometritis. We compared the results of DNA sequencing with conventional culture methods in uterine samples collected 21 days after calving. Vaginal samples (via cytobrush) from multiparous cows (n = 61) were obtained 1 week before calving (-1w) and uterine samples 1 week (+1w), 3 weeks (+3w), and 5 weeks (+5w) after calving. Samples of healthy cows (n = 11) and cows with endometritis (n = 11) were selected for DNA extraction and 16S rRNA sequencing. Richness and diversity measures in the uterine microbiota were not different between healthy and diseased groups (Chao p = 0.17, Simpson p = 0.29) at -1w, +1w and +5w. Uterine microbiota composition differed (p = 0.03) between groups only at 3 weeks after calving. Diseased cows had a lower relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and a higher abundance of Actinobacteria than healthy cows. Bacteria that grew in culture were often represented within the most abundant bacterial genera in the DNA sequencing 3 weeks after calving.
OBSTACOLE ȘI ÎNTÂRZIERI ÎN AMENAJAREA CIMITIRELOR ÎN JUDEȚUL DOLJ CONFORM LEGISLAȚIEI DIN 1864
Authors:   Muzeul Olteniei Craiova, Popesc Vava Lucian
Published: February 2025

Cemeteries were located around the church, until 1864, but by the Funeral Law, promulgated on March 27, 1864, and also by the Funeral Regulation, they were prohibited. It was recommended to place them to the north or the west side of the village, taking into account the distance and making sure the wind did not bring any bad smell from the cemetery. Higher, dry and airy places were indicated, with an area directly proportional to the number of the population.
Two cemeteries were established in 1870 in Craiova, through the efforts of the authorities, namely Sineasca and Ungureni, put into use in 1871. Later, in 1883, the Municipal Council approved the Dorobăntia cemetery establishment in the western part of the town.
In the rural part of Dolj county, however, things started to get complicated, especially from a legal point of view, becoming obvious the need for the rapid introduction of those measures that regulate both the locations of the new necropolises (expropriations, purchases, donations) and their composition (form, dimensions, component elements). These shortcomings delayed the implementation of the law for a long time.
Only in the beginning of the next century the situation returned to normal, fact demonstrated by the numerous reports sent to the Dolj Sanitary Service, from which it emerged that the newly established cemeteries respected the legal distance and were fenced.
CONTEXTUL POLITICO-MILITAR PRIVIND RELAȚIILE ROMÂNO-BULGARE ÎN OLTENIA LA SFÂRȘITUL
PRIMULUI RĂZBOI MONDIAL
Authors:   Institutul de Cercetări Socio-Umane din Craiova - C. S. Nicolăescu-Plopşor, al Academiei Române, Sava Laura Antoaneta
Published: February 2025

At the end of the World War I, Romanian-Bulgarian relations were tense due to territorial disputes and the military presence in the region. Romania and Bulgaria were involved in direct confrontations throughout the war, and after its conclusion, peace negotiations resulted in significant territorial losses for Bulgaria. Romania gained control over regions of southern Dobrogea and northern Bulgaria, while Bulgaria was forced to cede territory to Romania and other states under peace treaties signed at the end of the war. These territorial changes affected bilateral relations between the two countries and contributed to political instability in the Balkan region.
At the beginning of 1918, Romania was in a difficult situation, a result of the political events in Tsarist Russia, from the fall of 1917. In 1918, Romanian-Bulgarian relations were strongly influenced by the political and military context of the First World War. While Romania was on the side of the Allied Powers (along with France, Great Britain, Russia and others), Bulgaria was allied with the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary and others).
Towards 1900, due to its ethnic homogeneity, its geostrategic position and its role during some events from the previous decades, Oltenia had reached within the Romanian collective perception a specific position: the hardcore of the national identity and the hinterland of resistance.
Paradigm Change in Space Utilization: Conceptual Design Study of a Lunar Space Station for In-Space Manufacturing
Authors:   Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Maraqten Nadim , Bari Andrea , Bobrov Yakov , Dietz Anna , Gálvez Daniel Cantos , Rossi Juan Manuel Martinez , Nigro Michele , Salman Lina , Pitz Isabel , Maheswaran Tharshan , Detrell Gisela ,   Politecnico di Torino,   Technion - Israel Institute of Technology,   Faculty of Architecture, State Academy of Fine Arts Stuttgart,   ISAE-SUPAERO,   Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya,   Technical University of Munich,   Technische Universität Berlin
Published: February 2025

From the dawn of the space age, space exploration has been constrained by the high cost of overcoming Earth’s gravity and fortifying machinery to withstand launch stresses. This paper presents the “Lunar Manufacturing Outpost” (LUMO), a conceptual design for a crewed lunar space station that addresses these issues by manufacturing solar arrays, mirrors, and rocket propellant in space using lunar resources. LUMO’s design was developed during the “Space Station Design Workshop (SSDW) 2022” at the University of Stuttgart. The design assumes an annual supply of one ton each of lunar aluminium and silicon, supplemented by 95 kg/year of materials from Earth. The expected yearly output includes 750 m² of solar arrays, 413 m² of silicon mirrors, and 484 kg of LOX and 73 kg of LH2 propellant. Microgravity in orbit allows higher manufacturing temperatures and eliminates container contamination, enhancing product purity and homogeneity over ground-based methods. The lifetime cost of the 231-ton, 1,560 m³ space station is estimated at US$ 91 billion. By demonstrating in-orbit manufacturing using lunar resources, LUMO could change the paradigm of space utilization, enabling advanced concepts such as space-based solar power and planetary sunshades by mitigating launch bottlenecks.

Keywords: Design Study, Paradigm Change, Space Utilization, Space Station, In-Space Manufacturing
An Attitude-Independent Parachute for De-orbiting Inoperative Satellites
Authors: Hale Thomas
Published: February 2025

Space debris is a growing concern in low Earth orbit (LEO), with the potential to pose a threat to all active satellites and spacecraft. A key way to mitigate this problem is to ensure objects in LEO are actively removed from orbit at the end of their useful lifetimes, as deorbiting can take upwards of 100 years naturally. With large satellite constellations increasing each year, it has been simulated that a post-mission disposal reliability of 99.9% should be aimed at, for reducing growth. In the years 2000-2016, 35.2% of small satellites failed during their operational lifetimes, necessitating the use of external devices for deorbiting. Current drag sail simulations and experiments fail to demonstrate passive stability, therefore requiring an active attitude control system for years post End-Of-Life to swiftly deorbit. Thrusters and electrodynamic tethers also require functional subsystems, and therefore cannot reach the required reliability, meaning a novel device must be designed. Various shapes and materials for a 3D, attitude-independent drag device are explored as part of this study, simulated through CNES STELA and ESA DRAMA, to find the optimal configuration. The device aims to enable deorbiting for out-of-control satellites, while staying mass efficient. Based on the analysis, an open tetrahedron was found to be the optimal solution, currently deploying with CFRP or metal booms. The device requires further testing to validate the reliability and feasibility for practical implementation but offers a promising solution for reducing the collisional debris growth.

Keywords: Orbital Debris, Deorbit, Parachute, Kessler Syndrome, Drag Sail
Memų paieška ir raiška tautos kultūroje
Authors: Krukauskienė Eugenija
Published: February 2025

Straipsnyje nagrinėjama memų, kaip kultūros perdavimo būdų, nustatymo galimybės ir jų raiška kai kuriose visuomenės grupėse. Analizuojama, kaip tautos kultūroje galima išskirti pastovius pasaulėvaizdžio vienetus, kultūrinio paveldo perteikėjus, išreiškiančius visuomenės narių bendrumus, kartu atskleidžiant memų plitimo būdus ir transformacijas. Straipsnyje siekiama nustatyti, kaip tautos kultūroje memos reiškiasilaisvės, gamtos mitologijų ir religingumo simboliais bei vaizdiniais. Laisvės memos daugiausia atsiskleidžia istorinio paveldo vertinimuose, gamtos mitologijų memos aptinkamos labiausiai vertinamuose meno ar tautosakos kūriniuose, o religingumo memos reiškiasi ne tik bažnytiniu pavidalu, bet ir pasklidusiomis jos formomis.
The Use of Puzzle Stick in Teaching Students’ Literacy of SB Beranang Malaysia in Elementary School Level
Authors: Sholehah Wardatus , Sa'adah Khalifatus , Listyowati Rini
Published: February 2025

Artikel ini menyoroti permasalahan yang ada pada rendahnya literasi siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai efektivitas penggunaan puzzle stick dalam meningkatkan keterampilan literasi membaca dan menulis siswa di Sekolah Bimbingan Beranang, Malaysia. Melibatkan 12 siswa berusia antara 5 hingga 13 tahun, metode yang digunakan menggunakan metodologi penelitian studi kasus dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan analisis artefak siswa. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa puzzle stick merupakan media pembelajaran yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi siswa. Dengan pendekatan inovatif ini, pendidik dapat menciptakan pengalaman belajar yang lebih menarik dan berkesan, sekaligus membantu siswa mencapai potensi maksimal mereka dalam membaca dan menulis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan puzzle stick dalam pembelajaran literasi memberikan dampak positif yang signifikan. Siswa menunjukkan peningkatan dalam kemampuannya mengenali huruf, membentuk ucapan, dan menulis. Selain itu, penggunaan puzzle stick menciptakan suasana pembelajaran yang lebih menyenangkan dan interaktif, sehingga pada akhirnya meningkatkan motivasi siswa dan mendorong partisipasi aktif dalam proses pembelajaran.
Analisis Perkembangan Kemampuan Sosial Emosional pada Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di TK St. Theresia Mangulewa
Authors: Enem Nurtiana , Dhiu Konstantinus Dua , Sayangan Yohanes Vianey , Ita Efrida
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan kemampuan sosial emosional pada anak usia 5-6 tahun di Tk St. Theresia Mangulewa dengan fokus pada aspek interaksi sosial, empati dan kerja sama. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian 26 anak kelas B dengan rentan usia 5-6 tahun. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Metode observasi yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data yang berkaitan dengan perkembangan kemampuan sosial emosional pada anak usia 5-6 tahun. Pada metode wawancara peneliti melakukan wawancara dengan kepala sekolah dan guru kelompok B (usia 5-6 tahun) Tk St. Theresia Mangulewa untuk mendapatkan data atau informasi yang berkaitan dengan perkembangan kemampuan sosial emosional pada anak 5-6 tahun. Pada tahap dokumentasi peneliti melakukan dokumentasi berupa foto dan dokumen lainnya yaitu data anak, penilaian harian, mingguan dari guru dan profil sekolah. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adaalah deskriptif kualititatif.  Perkembangan kemampuan soial emosinal anak usia 5-6 tahun Tk.St.Theresia Mangulewa tahun 2024 adalah berdasarkan hasil obsevasi,pengamatan dan wawancara yang dilakukan  ditemukan bahwa jumlah peserta didik kelompok B Tk. St.Theresia Mangulewa tahun 2024 berjumlah 26 anak dengan rincian yang berjenis kelamin perempuan berjumlah 10 anak dan yang berjenis kelamin laki-laki berjumlah 16 anak. Dari uraian diatas setelah dilakukan pendekatan,pengamatan ,obsevasi dan wawancara baik secara langsung dilakukan pada saat KBM berlangsung maupun melalui pengamatan didalam dan diluar kelas ditemukan bahwa dari 26 anak siswa siwi kelompok B Tk. St.Theresia Mangulewa yang perkembangan kemampuan sosial emosionalnya sudah baik dan mengalami kemajuan berjumlah 21 anak dan yang masih butuh proses dan stimulasi dari guru dan orang-orang sekitar berjumlah 5 anak,Dari rincian ini ketika dipersenkan dapat  dibuat sesuai data diatas adalah yang perkembangannya mengalami kemajuan dan sudah membaik sebesar 93% dan yang masih dalam taraf belajar dan butuh bimbingan dan stimulasi sebesar 10%.
BARRIERS AND ENABLERS OF EMPLOYED PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN RWANDA
Authors:   College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, NIYIGENA Marie Solange , MUREREREHE Julienne
Published: February 2025

Securing and retaining employment remains a significant challenge for individuals with disabilities. It is crucial to recognize the barriers they encounter and the factors that contribute to their success in order to promote equal opportunities in the workforce. This research aimed to investigate the obstacles and facilitators of employment for individuals with disabilities in Rwanda. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with individuals with disabilities in Kigali, Rwanda. The interviews covered various topics, including job search experiences, workplace environments, employer attitudes, and other relevant matters. The collected data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Two major themes (barriers for employed individuals with disabilities and enablers for employed individuals with disabilities) and eight sub-themes (environmental, attitudinal, personal barriers, transport accessibility, financial challenges, support from employers and colleagues, government support, and opportunities for growth) emerged from the analysis. The primary challenges identified by participants included inaccessible work environments, negative attitudes, financial struggles, and personal barriers such as low self-esteem. The study also highlighted factors that encourage employment, such as supportive work conditions, career growth opportunities, and government backing through laws and policies. This research emphasizes the challenges faced by individuals with disabilities in the workplace, along with the factors that promote employment. Employers can foster a more inclusive work environment by improving accessibility, cultivating positive attitudes, and offering proper support systems, ensuring equal opportunities for all employees.
The Role of Women Entrepreneurs in Pakistan’s Economic Revival
Authors: Habib Sarwat
Published: February 2025

Women entrepreneurs are a vital force in Pakistan’s economic landscape, contributing significantly to economic growth, job creation, and innovation. Despite cultural, financial, and structural challenges, their participation in entrepreneurship has steadily increased in recent years, driven by factors such as digital platforms, supportive government policies, and international collaborations. This article examines the multifaceted contributions of women entrepreneurs to Pakistan’s economic revival, explores the barriers they face, and suggests policy measures to foster an enabling environment. The analysis draws on the latest data, case studies, and theoretical frameworks to highlight the transformative potential of women entrepreneurs in reshaping Pakistan’s economy.
Political and Economic Conflict between Iran and Saudi Arabia and its Impacton South Asia
Authors: Abbas Zafar
Published: February 2025

The ongoing Saudi-Iranian indirect confrontation triggers a widespread concern in the international media. This thesis seeks to demystify the fallacious impression that religious and cultural differences have made their enmity inevitable. Through a comprehensive approach, this paper aims at demonstrating that their relation has mostly been shaped by pragmatism rather than by irrational hostility. Moreover, the ongoing tensions between Riyadh and Tehran do not appear to be fuelled by the so-called religious or sectarian sticking points, but more by both regimes’ unwillingness to address their domestic challenges. Thus, this thesis seeks to provide an alternative to analyses solely perceiving their ongoing rivalry through either the prism of their so-called structural incompatibility or of a realist struggle for regional dominance, in arguing that their confrontation can compellingly be understood as the result of both regimes’ cynical subterfuge to conceal their domestic deficiencies through an offensive external posturing

This qualitative research explored the impact of Saudi-Iran conflict on south Asian countries specially the Muslim countries. Saudi Arabia has its economic influence, whereas, Iran is influential owing to its military capacity. The aim of becoming hegemonic power, led them to the conflicts and rivalry. The revolution of 1979 of Iran was great threat to the Saudi Arabia as well as its allies. This threat initiated proxy wars beyond the Middle Eastern region. Subsequently, Saudi Arabia and Iran adopted unfriendly approaches against each other, as both the rivals are stuck in a security dilemma and zero sum game, where victory or benefit of one is the loss for the other and a friend of one is perceived an enemy by the other. In this case complexities have been created for the countries like Pakistan and Afghanistan for maintaining a neutral position for past few years. The researcher has found that this politico-economical conflict affected the countries of weak economy and poor governmental system having dependent foreign policy. This resulted in religious intolerance among masses, sectarian based killings and other such sort of violence like bombings, suicide attacks, kidnappings and verbal abuses. Religion is used as device for creating their proxies in south Asian Muslim countries and money is also used to spread their own Islamist ideologies Shiism and Wahhabism/Suunism in some specific madrassahs (religious institutions).
Role of Information Security & Psychopathy on Unethical Behavior: An Empirical Investigation within the Banking Sector Authors
Authors: Taous Muhammad , Qureshi Muhammad Waseem , ul Arifeen Shams
Published: February 2025

The accounting research have moved towards the study of the "dark" personality disorder—Dark Triad, and its effect on dishonest and unethical behavior in the workplace environment. Fraudsters with dark personality characteristics such as psychopathic personalities are even greater trouble. Some fraudsters are psychopaths but not all. Psychopaths spend a great deal of time and effort constructing and maintaining a persona that helps them get ahead at work, that's why to be known as the dark horse. Many of the people who are psychopath are short time offenders who are just "doing their work," can hold impressions easily, and their victims are few. The study aims to examine the extent of information security psychopathy and its relationship to some beliefs regarding the unethical professional practice by using a sample of accounting professionals specifically "banking personnel". A formal adopted questionnaire is used to collect primary data for the analysis. A total of 357 participants volunteered to respond to the study. The results of the study validate the position that psychopathy at the workplace is the key precursor of banking fraud scandals. Empirical findings also come with the influence of psychopathy on the unethical behavior in the study area. Finally, the study concludes that the psychopathic personalities have a role to play in unethical behavior in professional practices in the context of the banking sector. While when psychopath goes to work place there is unethical practices therefore, information security does not have a role between psychopathy and unethical performance.
Socio-Economic Development in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Assessing The 1st Term of Pakistan Tahreek-i-Insaf
Authors: Khan Asim Niaz , Shah Nisar Ali , Bao Sher
Published: February 2025

This research meant to assess the socio-economic development in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province after general elections of 2013. Pakistan Tahreek-i-Insaf (PTI) won the elections for the first time and was successful in forming government in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. According to the PTI chairman Imran Khan, he was all set to govern the country as per his anti-corruption drive and agenda for socioeconomic development of the nation. So, it was about his test that how he run the province and to what extent PTI is able to govern the country. This study is qualitative in nature where the primary data was collected from the archives, official record, statements of the government official and official websites. Secondary data was gathered from research articles, newspapers, and journals. Content analyses was utilized for the gathered data so desirable answers could be offered to the research questions. After careful research and analysis, the researcher reached to the conclusion that PTI has successfully contributed to the socioeconomic development of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The outcomes of the research are also validated by the results of next two general elections where the people of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa voted in majority for PTI and Imran Khan.
Comparative Analysis of University & Madrasa Students towards Democracy
Authors: Ahmad Mr.
Published: February 2025

This study assesses the political attitudes in relation to democracy among university and madrassa students in Pakistan. Owing to different approaches to education in modern universities and Islamic madrassas the students develop different perceptions towards democratic processes. This study explores and compares the political attitudes towards democracy among these two students’ societies, specifically analyzing the social-cultural, educational and ideological factors that influence their attitudes. Therefore, the overall purpose of this study is to understand how educational environments contribute to the knowledge and promotion of democracy among students in order to assess the current state and potential development of democracy in Pakistan. The study uses a comparative research strategy to assess the democratic dispositions of university and madrasa students, relying on principles from political psychology and educational sociology. The results demonstrate that university students, who are groomed in liberal curriculum and critical thinking, view democracy as a tool for promoting civil activism and human rights. On the other hand, the madrasa students who are confined to Islamic teachings, may interpret and practice democracy within the framework of Islamic laws or jurisprudence. This study, therefore, highlights the need for systematic educational changes and the enhancement of the civil subjects’ curriculum within a range of educational systems to cultivate a stronger, united, and more democratic Pakistan. This qualitative study juxtaposes different significant works on the subject to bring forth the important differences in political attitudes of university and madrasa students towards democracy in Pakistan.
Communicative Approach in Foreign Language Teaching: Advantages and Limitations
Authors: Salmanova Shehla
Published: February 2025

The Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach has transformed foreign language education by prioritizing fluency, interaction, and real-world communication over rote memorization and grammar drills. This method promotes student-centered learning, task-based instruction, and the use of authentic materials, making language acquisition more engaging and effective. However, despite its advantages, CLT faces several challenges, including limited emphasis on grammatical accuracy, difficulties in assessment, and resistance in non-native English-speaking contexts. Traditional grammar-based testing often fails to measure communicative competence, highlighting the need for more effective assessment models. Additionally, teacher preparedness and classroom management remain barriers to CLT’s full implementation, especially in large class settings and regions where traditional teaching methods dominate. Future developments in blended learning, adaptive teaching strategies, and AI-driven assessment tools could help bridge the gap between fluency and linguistic accuracy, ensuring that learners develop both communication skills and structural competence. This paper explores the advantages and limitations of CLT, discussing potential solutions for integrating communicative approaches with structured learning methodologies to create a balanced and effective language teaching framework.
Globalización, ampliación de la Unión Europea y consecuencias para la localización de las empresas multinacionales
Authors:   University of Reading, Narula Rajneesh
Published: February 2025

Muchos de los países que se acaban de incorporar a la Unión Europea (UE) confían en que esa integración se traduzca en un sustancial aumento en la entrada de inversión extranjera directa (IED). Al mismo tiempo, otros miembros periféricos de la UE (como España y Portugal) están preocupados por la posibilidad de que la IED se desplace hacia estos nuevos países. Mi opinión es que los nuevos miembros no pueden esperar el mismo aumento en los flujos de IED que registraron las economías anteriormente incorporadas a la UE. Ambos grupos de países no pueden basar su estrategia de desarrollo en una confianza pasiva en que se produzcan tales flujos. La confianza en los bajos costos y en otras ventajas «genéricas», tales como las infraestructuras, resulta miope en un mundo globalizado. Beneficiarse de la IED requiere de una estrategia global para el desarrollo, de una capacidad nacional de absorción y la mejora de la calidad de sus ventajas de localización, ya que estos países afrontan una creciente competencia en la atracción de IED no sólo de otros países europeos sino también de otras partes del mundo, principalmente de Asia.
Inversión exterior y posición competitiva del País Vasco y España. Análisis particular frente a los países de la ampliación
Authors:   Universidad de Deusto, Navarro Arancegui Mikel , Olarte Marín Francisco José ,   Universidad de Deusto
Published: February 2025

En este artículo se explota la base de datos Amadeus 'hasta ahora inédita en la literatura' para el análisis de las inversiones en el exterior de las empresas vascas y españolas: número de empresas inversoras y de empresas participadas, su tamaño y países en que se invierte. La citada base se emplea asimismo, en conjunción con otras fuentes tradicionales, para el análisis de la posición competitiva de la economía (aproximada por la renta per cápita y la productividad) y de las empresas (aproximada por la rentabilidad económica) del País Vasco y España frente a las de los cuatro principales países (4PA) recientemente adheridos a la UE: la República Checa, Hungría, Polonia y la República Eslovaca. El análisis de la rentabilidad y productividad empresarial se efectúa tanto para las empresas inversoras vascas y españolas como para las empresas de los 4PA en que dichas inversiones se materializan.
FLUIDOTERAPIA NA CETOACIDOSE DIABÉTICA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Amaral Gabriela Ramos do , Gadelha Mariana de Melo
Published: February 2025

A cetoacidose diabética (CAD) é a complicação aguda mais comum em crianças com diabetes tipo 1. O tratamento inclui reposição de volume e eletrólitos, administração de insulina  e monitorização clínica e laboratorial. Existem controvérsias acerca da fluidoterapia, sobre qual o melhor fluido a ser utilizado e suas possíveis complicações. Objetivo: Revisar sobre a fluidoterapia no manejo da CAD e as complicações associadas. Métodos: Revisão narrativa com base de dados PubMed utilizando os descritores (Diabetic Ketoacidosis) AND (Fluid Therapy) AND (Pediatric). Resultados e Discussão: Foram selecionados 16 artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos. O fluido ideal para ser utilizado no manejo da CAD é um ponto de debate. A solução salina 0.9% é amplamente utilizada, mas pode causar acidose hiperclorêmica e lesão renal aguda (LRA). Alternativas como ringer lactato têm sido estudadas, mostrando menor risco de edema cerebral. O uso do Plasma-Lyte também é recomendado, pois tem menos cloreto e menor risco de acidose. Complicações associadas ao manejo da CAD incluem edema cerebral, LRA, hipocalemia, hipofosfatemia e acidose metabólica hiperclorêmica. Conclusão: A fluidoterapia é um componente essencial no tratamento da CAD, porém o tipo de fluido, a velocidade de infusão e a tonicidade dos líquidos permanecem tópicos de debate, especialmente considerando o risco de complicações como o edema cerebral e a LRA sendo necessário a realização de mais estudos acerca desse tema.
OLHARES SOBRE O SEMIÁRIDO: TERRITÓRIO DE DESAFIOS E RESISTÊNCIA
Authors: Colares Vinícius Diego Sousa
Published: February 2025

This study examines the Northeastern semi-arid region as a territory marked by historical, social, and environmental challenges, yet also as a space of resistance and innovation. Spanning from colonization to contemporary policies, it analyzes the impacts of structural and climatic inequalities, highlighting Félix Guattari's ecosophy and initiatives such as the Brazilian Semi-Arid Alliance (ASA). Sustainable living practices, the valorization of local knowledge, and the cultural resistance of quilombola communities are presented as alternatives to the dominant development model, advocating for a vision that prioritizes social justice and environmental sustainability.
Fostering Resilience: Mindfulness-Based Interventions to Alleviate Anxiety in Higher Secondary Students
Authors:   Alagappa University, Begam Fazila , Portia Dr.R ,   Alagappa University, Elavarasi A ,   Alagappa University
Published: February 2025

Students in higher secondary school face several difficulties in today’s technologically advanced, fast-paced society such as social stresses, academic pressure and anxiety. The present research examines the effectiveness of MBI on reducing anxiety and enhancing resilience among Eleventh Standard higher secondary students from Alagappa Model Higher Secondary School, in Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu.60 students were chosen randomly as a sample and evenly divided into control and experimental groups, participating in a pre-test and post-test experimental design. The experimental group engaged in mindfulness training, which included practices such as breathing exercises, body scans and reflective journaling, while the control group adopted the traditional method. The findings indicated significant reductions in anxiety levels and notable improvements in resilience within the comparison between the experimental group and the control group. The findings highlight the effectiveness of mindfulness practices in promoting emotional wellbeing and resilience, equipping students with crucial tools to manage stress and adversity. The study emphasizes the potential of integrating mindfulness into school curricula to address mental health challenges and promote overall well-being.
Text and Context in Advertising Discourse
Authors: Munteanu Bianca Georgiana
Published: February 2025

This article analyses the specific features of advertising discourse, drawing on various discourse theories through the operationalisation of concepts such as discursive context, co-text, peritext, hypertext, and discursive tradition. Advertising creativity aims at constructing the advertising text by exploring the resources of language, engaging both the idiomatic and expressive competence of the speaker and the receiver.
The Written and Oral Dimension of Culinary Recipes
Authors: Panoschi Silvia Anamaria
Published: February 2025

As a text type, the culinary recipe belongs to the category of procedural texts, and as a communicative activity, its purpose is to present the process of preparing a dish. This type of text exhibits different formal characteristics depending on whether it is in written or oral form. In this article, we conduct a comparative analysis of a corpus of written recipes by M. Kogălniceanu and Costache Negruzzi, Mihai Lupescu, and others, alongside a corpus of oral culinary recipes collected through field surveys as part of the eCULTFOOD project. By analyzing these texts, we aim to highlight defining features of the culinary recipe's profile.
Exploring Confinement and Independence in Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre
Authors: Ilie Loredana
Published: February 2025

This article explores themes of confinement, individuality, and societal resistance in Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre, a novel that provoked significant attention and mixed critical reception upon its publication. By examining Jane’s experiences of social exclusion, psychological imprisonment, and her struggles for self-assertion, the analysis delves into the symbolic significance of the red room as a recurring motif of oppression and emotional trauma. The article discusses how Gothic elements, such as the interplay of supernatural imagery and color symbolism, enhance the narrative’s exploration of gender dynamics and Victorian societal expectations. It further highlights Jane’s journey toward independence and self-respect, emphasizing her resistance to patriarchal figures like Mr. Brocklehurst, St. John Rivers, and Mr. Rochester. The discussion also reflects on critical perspectives of the time, contrasting praise for the novel’s realism with critiques of its perceived immorality and unorthodox portrayal of a flawed, feminist heroine. Ultimately, this study underscores the enduring relevance of Jane Eyre as a bold narrative that challenges 19th-century norms and advocates for individual autonomy and equality.
Contemporary Britain. Times of change
Authors: Tăbăcaru-Stoian Gabriela
Published: February 2025

This articlebuilds a contemporary image of Britain, including important issues that imprint on its national identity. Current events like Brexit are of notable relevance and need to be brought into discussion. Most of us share a rather vague definition of national identity. Two notions that get intertwined are national identity and citizenship. A good example are the Scottish, the English, the Welsh and the Irish, whose national identities lie within their territories, but whose passports show that they are all British citizens. But a nationalist spirit awakes in people when comparing themselves to others. “This may be to assert similarity but they often express their national identity by contrasting it to that of others, by delineating who (or what) they are not.”
Theories of Discourse and the Advertising Text
Authors: Munteanu Bianca Georgiana
Published: February 2025

For the analysis of advertising text, discourse theories can be leveraged, which fall under disciplines such as pragmatics, stylistics, and rhetoric. These theories successfully exploit mechanisms of implication, lexical creativity, stylistic innovation, and the connection between verbal and nonverbal elements. Expressiveness in advertising represents a special case of artistic expressiveness, and understanding it benefits significantly from discussions that integrate perspectives from a variety of discourse theories.
Scottishness and Englishness versus Britishness. Major Identity Concerns
Authors: Tăbăcaru-Stoian Gabriela
Published: February 2025

This article is dissecting what makes British people British and what are the differences between the Scottish and the English, the most numerous people of Great Britain. People in the United Kingdom get to be both: British on one hand, and Scottish or English, or Welsh, or Irish on the other. Despite the fact that these identities are supposed to complement each other, sometimes people perceive them as alternatives. As a matter of fact, there has been a decrease in the number of those who view themselves as British around the UK. People have been developing a stronger sense of nationalism.
Musical Influence and its Reflection in the Literature of Ion Luca Caragiale
Authors: Țăranu Nicoleta Diana
Published: February 2025

The present work aims to analyze and compare the stages through which the playwright Ion Luca Caragiale strengthens his musical culture when he decides to move with his family to Berlin (the capital, which offers multiple cultural opportunities, with a particular emphasis on music). This overview is based on the analysis of the correspondence between I. L. Caragiale and Paul Zarifopol and the anthology by Ștefan Cazimir, Amintiri despre Caragiale. Through these sources, I will demonstrate the influence of music on the playwright and highlight similarities between musical concepts and the ideas he expressed. Additionally, the testimonies of his friends are significant in revealing the lesser-known side of his love for music, offering an almost complete perspective on his musical passion and its impact. Music plays a crucial role in literature, contributing to the creation of atmosphere and deepening narrative understanding. In literary works, music can be used to intensify the characters’ emotions, symbolize central themes, or reflect various moods. A transdisciplinary approach, blending literature and music, opens new perspectives for analysis and interpretation, allowing for a deeper exploration of texts. Through this method, researchers can examine how rhythm, harmony, and melody influence the structure and literary style. Moreover, music can serve as a bridge between different arts, facilitating a holistic understanding of a work. Thus, integrating music into the study of literature not only enriches the aesthetic experience but also provides new tools for critical analysis, highlighting the complexity and interconnectedness between the arts.
The Importance of Audio-Visual Materials in Teaching ESL Vocabulary at Primary School Level
Authors: Chiriac Ramona
Published: February 2025

 This article explores the role of audio-visual materials in teaching vocabulary to primary school students, emphasizing their benefits in enhancing language acquisition and communication skills. The significance of audiovisual materials in English-as-a-second-language (ESL) classrooms is increasingly recognized as technology and foreign language education evolve. Understanding the nature and development of these materials is crucial since they enhance the learning experience. The interplay of language, structured as a macro-system, involves various micro-systems, where grammar is just one component. Modern theories of language acquisition highlight individual learner traits, allowing teaching through audiovisual content to connect with personal experiences. Teachers play a pivotal role, tasked with organizing these experiences and providing suitable materials. Authentic teaching resources, drawn from real-life contexts, have become invaluable, facilitated by audiovisual techniques that require diligent preparation and enthusiasm from educators and institutions.
Today's ESL teaching emphasizes comprehension and oral skills from an early age, moving away from traditional methods in search of innovative approaches. Quality must take precedence over quantity in teaching materials to effectively engage students. Ultimately, the success of various foreign language teaching methods largely hinges on the teacher's attitude, who must cultivate a positive and dynamic classroom atmosphere to encourage successful language learning.
Promoting digital awareness among pupils with special educational needs to combat their exclusion
Authors: Chiusaroli Diletta , Pizzi Fabrizio , Arduini Giovanni
Published: February 2025

The aim of this paper is a critical reflection on digital education and on the development of essential skills useful to empower onlife citizenship. According with European Recommendations, the
student needs to achieve a digital awareness that allows him or her to critically understand the so
large amount of information of digitised society. In order for every student to achieve the same
results, it is essential to pay particular attention to the needs of each student, especially those with special educational needs. To keep up with digital transformation, the actions that society has
taken to tackle the digital issue also extend to school context. From the educational point of view,
the key to ensuring the success of each student lies in the educational co-responsibility and active
collaboration of the entire educational community. Therefore, creating a common educational
program can contribute to the success of digital and media education.
Philanthropy according to Saint Gregory Palamas
Authors: Vantsos Miltiadis
Published: February 2025

Saint Gregory Palamas stresses the importance of philanthropy for spiritual life and harmonious social coexistence. God has revealed Himself to man as good and philanthropic, and therefore each person is called to imitate His philanthropy, which is not so much related to the financial surface as to a loving attitude towards one's fellow human beings. Philanthropy is therefore a task that is easy to accomplish, not only because it can be practised in many ways, such as providing material goods, forgiving the unjust, giving advice and consolation, but also because each person can easily judge for himself what is needed for his fellow man. Finally, philanthropy is described as beneficial to the spiritual life, since helping others makes up for the lack of virtues in the philanthropist, provided that it is not done for the praise of others, but out of sincere and unselfish love for them.