bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Positive-sequence virtual-flux control of grid-connected converter during unsymmetrical voltage dips
Authors: Mulolani Francis , Armstrong Matthew , Elgendy Mohammed , Althobaiti Ahmed
Published: September 2022

One of the major problems in direct power-controlled grid-connected voltage source converters is that during voltage dips, the converter current increases to compensate for the reduced grid voltage. The most common voltage dips are unsymmetrical, and they cause unbalance and distortion in the converter current. This paper introduces a new, simple but effective algorithm which limits the current in a direct power-controlled grid-connected voltage source converter during voltage dips. A positive-sequence virtual-flux based control scheme is employed and this makes the current balanced and sinusoidal during unsymmetrical voltage dips. The proposed control clearly demonstrates the performance which is illustrated through various simulations and experimental work. The current during unsymmetrical voltage dips is limited in magnitude and is balanced, with low distortion. The Implementation of this control scheme will enable voltage source converters to stay connected to the grid during voltage dips as required by most grid codes.
Hue dual-chromatic calcium chlorosilicate phosphor for light-emitting diode having yellow and white illumination
Authors: Phuc Dang Huu , Van Hien Bui , Le Thai Nguyen
Published: September 2022

High-thermal solid phase reactions produced a series of bright green-yellow phosphors called Ca3SiO4Cl2,Eu2+,Mn2+ (CaM). For example, powder dispersed reflection, photoluminescence excitation (PE), and along with emission spectra, were used to determine their luminous characteristics at between 10 K and 450 K of temperature. While the CaM exhibits wide absorption bands in the 250-450 nm range, which matches the near-uv of the InGaN-based chips, they also display two dominant absorptions, attributed to the 5d → 4f Eu2+ transformation, as well as the 4T1g(4G) → 6A1g(6S) transfer of the two ions Eu2+ and Mn2+, respectively. Increasing the concentration of Mn2+ ion reduces the lifespan of the Eu2+ ion. This encourages an efficient energy exchange between these two ions. The UV light leakage issue in yellow LEDs was resolved by intergrating with n-UV InGaN chips and CaM. Powerful white LEDs were then created by mixing blue chlorophosphate with CaM. Its color coordinate was (0.3281,0.3071), and the associated color temperature (TC) was 6065 K, while the general hue rendering (Ra) and illuminating effectiveness (11 lm/W) were respectively 84.5 and 11 lm/W.
Impulse noise recuperation from grayscale and medical images using supervised curve fitting linear regression and mean filter
Authors: Thomas Shiju , Krishna Addapalli
Published: September 2022

Acquisition of images from electronic devices or Transmission of the image through any medium will cause an additional commotion. This study aims to investigate a framework for eliminating impulse noise from grayscale and medical images by utilizing linear regression and a mean filter. Linear regression is a supervised machine learning algorithm that computes the value of a dependent variable based on an independent variable. The value of the recuperating pixel is measured using a curve-fitting, direction-based linear regression approach or applying a mean filter to the noise-free pixels. The efficiency of the proposed technique experiments with benchmark test images and the images of the USC-SIPI and TESTIMAGES data sets. Peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity index metrics are determined to prove the performance of the proposed method. The evaluated results, when compared with the seven recent state-of-the-art techniques, show the superiority of the proposed method in terms of visual quality and accuracy. The proposed model achieves an average PSNR value of 65.21dB and an SSIM value of 0.999 for the reconstruction of medical images, proving its accuracy and efficiency. The impulse noise restoration process helps the radiologist get a clear visual clarity of the DICOM image for diagnosis purposes.
Machine learning ensemble approach for healthcare data analytics
Authors: Pankaj Javale Deepali , Suhas Desai Sharmishta
Published: September 2022

In healthcare machine learning is used mainly for disease diagnosis or acute condition detection based on patient data analysis. In the proposed work diabetic patient dataset analysis is done for hypoglycemia detection which means the lowering of blood glucose level. Often in healthcare it is observed that the dataset is imbalanced. Therefore an Ensemble Approach using imbalanced dataset techniques Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique and Adaptive Synthetic oversampling methods with different evaluation methods like train-test, k-fold, Stratified K-Fold and repeat train-test were used. This ensemble approach was implemented on diabetic dataset using K-Nearest Neighbor, Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, Naïve Bayes and Logistic Regression classifiers with average Stacking-C method thereafter to conclude. Comparative analysis was done using three different considerations. The results showed that KNN and Random forest gives more stable metric values both on balanced and imbalanced dataset. The confusion matrix consideration concluded that KNN and Random Forest were found to be better with least false negative and maximum true positive count. But if average train and test time is taken into consideration then Naïve Bayes and Random forest had least average train-test time. Thus the three different considerations concluded that the proposed ensemble approach gives better clarity for different classifier implementation using machine learning.
An enhanced approach for solving winner determination problem in reverse combinatorial auctions
Authors: Abusalama Jawad , Razali Sazalinsyah , Choo Yun-Huoy
Published: September 2022

When a disaster occurs, the single agent does not have complete knowledge about the circumstances of the disaster. Therefore, the rescue agents should coordinate with each other to perform their allocated tasks efficiently. However, the task allocation process among rescue agents is a complex problem, which is NP-complete problem, and determining the rescue agents that will perform the tasks efficiently is the main problem, which is called the winner determination problem (WDP). This paper proposed an enhanced approach to improve rescue agents’ tasks allocation processes for WDP in reverse combinatorial auctions. The main objective of the proposed approach is to determine the winning bids that will perform the corresponding tasks with minimum cost. The task allocation problem in this paper was transformed into a two-dimensional array, and then the proposed approach was applied to it. The main contribution of the proposed approach is to shorten the search space size to determine the winners and allocate the corresponding tasks for a combination of agents (i.e., more than two agents). The proposed approach was compared to the genetic algorithm regarding the execution time, and the results showed good performance and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
An automate failure recovery for synchronous distributed database system
Authors: Shukri Mohd Noor Ahmad , Fauzi Auni Fauzi Che , Azila Che Fauzi Ainul , Ahmad Noraziah , Syauqi Mohamad Arifin Mohamad
Published: September 2022

Periodically, researchers have been sharing their constant attempts to improve the existing methods for data replication in distributed database system. The main goal is to work for an efficient distributed environment. An efficient environment may handle huge amount of data and preserve data availability. The occasionally failures in distributed systems will affect the end results, such as data loss, income loss etc. Thus, to prevent the data loss and guarantee the continuity of the business, many organizations have applied disaster recovery solutions in their system. One of the widely used is database replication, because it guarantees data safety and availability. However, disaster still can occur in database replication. Hence, an automatic failure recovery technique called distributed database replication with fault tolerance (DDR-FT) has been proposed in this research. DDR-FT uses heartbeat message for node monitoring. Subsequently, a foundation of binary vote assignment for fragmented database (BVAFD) replication technique has been used. In DDR-FT, the data nodes are continuously monitored while auto reconfiguring for automatic failure recovery. From the conducted experiments, it is proved that DDR-FT can preserve system availability. It shows that DDR-FT technique provides a convenient approach to system availability for distributed database replication in real time environment.
БОЛЬОВИЙ СИНДРОМ ТА ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНІ РОЗЛАДИ ПЛЕЧОВОГО СУГЛОБА В ПРАКТИЦІ СІМЕЙНОГО ЛІКАРА
Authors: Грубар Ю. О. , Грубар М. Ю.
Published: September 2022

РЕЗЮМЕ. Біль у плечовому суглобі є третьою із найпоширеніших причин звертань пацієнтів з патологією опорно-рухового апарату до первинної ланки медичної допомоги. Різноманітність форм патології викликає труднощі з клінічною діагностикою, показаннями до інструментальних методів обстеження, оцінкою отриманих результатів та вибором лікувальної тактики, особливо на первинній ланці медичної допомоги.

Мета – оцінити результати клінічного обстеження і діагностичних заходів, спрямованих на визначення патології періартикулярних тканин ділянки плечового суглоба, та розробити алгоритм послідовності дій лікаря загальної практики – сімейної медицини в діагностиці патології періартикулярних тканин плечового суглоба.

Матеріал і методи. В ортопедично-травматологічному відділення КНП «Тернопільська обласна клінічна лікарня» ТОР за період з 2013 до 2021 р. проведено обстеження та лікування 362 пацієнтів із патологією періартикулярних тканин плечового суглоба.

Результати. Патологію ротаторної манжети плеча виявлено в 138 (38,12 %) пацієнтів, адгезивний капсуліт у 92 (25,42 %) хворих; у 74 (20,44 %) пацієнтів діагностовано кальцифікуючий тендиніт плеча, тендопатія сухожилка двоголового м’яза плеча була в 23 (6,36 %) пацієнтів. Інша патологія плечового суглоба виявлена у 35 (9,67 %) пацієнтів.

Висновки. Обстеження пацієнта з патологією періартикулярних тканин плечового суглоба повинно будуватися за наступним алгортмом: ретельний збір анамнезу; детальне вивчення скарг пацієнта; аналіз причин больового синдрому; аналіз причин рухових розладів. Огляд таких пацієнтів необхідно проводити ретельно, він повинен бути порівняльним, з застосуванням специфічних провокаційних тестів.
ВІДДАЛЕНІ РЕЗУЛЬТАТИ ІНВАЗИВНОЇ ТА НЕІНВАЗИВНОЇ СТРАТЕГІЇ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ ГОСТРОГО КОРОНАРНОГО СИНДРОМУ В ПАЦІЄНТІВ ЧОЛОВІЧОЇ VS ЖІНОЧОЇ СТАТІ
Authors: Луньова Т. В. , Кліщ І. М.
Published: September 2022

РЕЗЮМЕ. Мета роботи – дослідити вплив стратегії лікування гострого коронарного синдрому на віддалений прогноз жінок порівняно з чоловіками.

Матеріал і методи. Ми провели аналіз довгострокового виживання 167 пацієнтів (109 чоловіків та 58 жінок) із гострим коронарним синдромом. Клінічними кінцевими точками були раптова смерть або смерть з невідомих причин та повторна госпіталізація з приводу ГІМ або нестабільної стенокардії. Аналіз несприятливих кардіоваскулярних подій було здійснено через систему e-Health КНП «Тернопільська комунальна міська лікарня № 2». Загальний термін спостереження становив 36 місяців.

Результати. Згідно з отриманими результатами, жінки мали достовірно вищий ризик повторних несприятливих кардіоваскулярних подій протягом наступних 3 років після ГКС, ніж чоловіки (ВШ 2,67, 95 % ДІ: 1,39–5,15). Ймовірність майбутніх несприятливих подій у пацієнтів різко зростала з віком. За результатами багатофакторного аналізу, інвазивна стратегія лікування (ПКВ/АКШ) була асоційована з кращим прогнозом і в чоловіків (ВШ 0,29, 95 % ДІ: 0,14–0,62), і в жінок (ВШ 0,48, 95 % ДІ: 0,09–2,63). Натомість консервативне ведення ГКС було асоційоване з достовірно гіршим прогнозом у пацієнтів чоловічої (ВШ 3,85, 95 % ДІ: 3,75–8,48) та жіночої (ВШ 2,97, 95 % ДІ: 1,14–7,75) статі. Аналіз кривих кумулятивного виживання Каплана – Мейєра не показав достовірних гендерних відмінностей у прогнозі пацієнтів, які отримали інвазивне лікування ГКС (log-rank (Mantel-Cox) тест: c2=3,69, р=0,054) чи медикаментозне лікування (log-rank (Mantel-Cox) тест: c2=2,6, р=0,1).

Висновки. Інвазивна стратегія лікування ГКС достовірно асоційована з кращим довгостроковим прогнозом пацієнтів обох статей, тоді як консервативне ведення ГКС корелювало з гіршим вільним від подій виживанням. Користь від інвазивного лікування у жінок, так само як і в чоловіків, є беззаперечною і цей факт повинен бути врахований при виборі стратегії менеджменту ГКС у клінічній практиці.
НЕМЕДИКАМЕНТОЗНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО ЛІКУВАННЯ ТРИВОЖНО-ДЕПРЕСИВНИХ РОЗЛАДІВ У ПАЦІЄНТІВ, ЩО ПЕРЕБУВАЮТЬ НА НИРКОВО-ЗАМІСНІЙ ТЕРАПІЇ
Authors: Рустамян С. Т. , Катеренчук І. П.
Published: September 2022

РЕЗЮМЕ. Мета – проаналізувати вплив немедикаментозного лікування, арт-терапії, на рівень тривожно-депресивних розладів у хворих, що перебувають на нирково-замісній терапії (НЗТ).

Матеріал і методи. Дослідження проводилося на базі центру нефрології та діалізу Комунального підприємства «Полтавська обласна клінічна лікарня імені М. В. Скліфосовського Полтавської обласної ради». У дослідженні взяли участь 114 хворих, з яких 44 – пацієнти, що перебувають на програмному гемодіалізі, 21 – на перитонеальному та 49 пацієнтів, які склали контрольну групу, мали з ХХН І–ІІ стадій. Із 114 пацієнтів лише 42 пацієнти дали згоду на проведення специфічного немедикаментозного лікування. Інші 72 пацієнти були у групі спостереження. Дослідження тривало протягом року. Хворим проводили повторне анкетування для визначення тривоги/депресії, якості життя, яке також було проведено на початку дослідження. Методом немедикаментозного лікування був різновид арт-терапії – ізо-терапія. Для визначення показників тривоги та депресії використовували опитувальник HADS, а для визначення показників якості життя – анкету SF-36.

Результати. При повторному огляді пацієнтів виявлено, що показники САТ та ДАТ у хворих, яким проводили арт-терапію, були достовірно нижчими, ніж у тих, яким така терапія не проводилась, р<0,05 у групах ГД1, ГД2, ПД1 та ПД2. Достовірна значима різниця виявлена і при порівнянні показників тривоги та депресії на початку дослідження та через рік. Так, наприклад, у ГД1 на початку дослідження рівень тривоги становив 9,2±0,9, а вже через рік – 6,2±1,2. Подібні дані спостерігаються також і в групах ГД2, ПД1 та ПД2 і при порівнянні показників депресії в даних групах. При дослідженні показників якості життя середні показники демонструють позитивний вплив арт-терапії через рік спостереження. Особливе місце в показниках ЯЖ посідають загальне та ментальне здоров’я. У нашому дослідженні саме ці показники продемонстрували статистично значиму різницю у внутрішній структурі кожної із досліджуваних груп через рік спостереження, р<0,05.

Висновки. У пацієнтів, яким у комплексне лікування включали арт-терапію, через 12 місяців від початку терапії відзначали статистично достовірне зниження показників тривожності та депресії, покращення показників якості життя. Одночасно у пацієнтів, які перебували на НЗТ виявили статистично достовірне зниження як систолічного, так і діастолічного артеріального тиску, що, безумовно, зменшувало ступінь кардіоваскулярного ризику.
ВПЛИВ МЕХАНІЧНОГО ПОШКОДЖЕННЯ ШКІРИ НА ПОКАЗНИКИ ГЛУТАТІОНОВОЇ АНТИОКСИДАНТНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ПЕЧІНКИ ЗА УМОВ СКЕЛЕТНОЇ ТРАВМИ, УСКЛАДНЕНОЇ ГОСТРОЮ КРОВОВТРАТОЮ, ТА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ PRP-ТЕРАПІЇ
Authors: Смаглій З. В.
Published: September 2022

РЕЗЮМЕ. Порушення процесів ліпідної пероксидації та виснаження антиоксидантного захисту належать до ключових патогенних механізмів травматичної хвороби. Серед показників антиоксидантного захисту помітно виділяється глутатіонова антиоксидантна система (ГАС), яка бере участь у нейтралізації вільних радикалів та ендотоксинів. Однак роль механічного пошкодження шкіри у системних проявах тяжкої травми вивчена недостатньо. За цих умов практично немає даних про динаміку показників ГАС як ключового фактора антиоксидантного захисту організму.

Мета – з’ясувати вплив механічного пошкодження шкіри на показники ГАС печінки за умов скелетної травми, ускладненої гострою крововтратою, та ефективність PRP-терапії.

Матеріал і методи. В експериментах використано 186 нелінійних білих щурів-самців масою 180–200 г, яких поділили на пʼять груп: контрольну та чотири дослідних. До контрольної групи увійшли інтактні тварин, яких тільки вводили в наркоз. У дослідній групі 1 тваринам моделювали механічне пошкодження шкіри, у дослідній групі 2 моделювали скелетну травму, ускладнену гострою крововтратою, у дослідній групі 3 ці пошкодження поєднували. У дослідній групі 4 тваринам з поєднаною травмою проводили PRP-терапію із застосуванням збагаченої тромбоцитами алогенної плазми. Через 3, 7, 14, 21 і 28 діб посттравматичного періоду в печінці піддослідних тварин визначали вміст відновленого глутатіону (ВГ) та глутатіонпероксидазну активність (ГП-активність).

Результати. Під впливом модельованих травм у тварин дослідних груп, порівняно з контролем, відмічали статистично значуще зниження вмісту ВГ та ГП-активності в печінці. Динаміка досліджуваних показників була хвилеподібною, з першим зниженням через 3 доби і другим, проте з меншою амплітудою – через 21 добу. У всі терміни спостереження відмічали закономірне зростання порушень вмісту ВГ та ГП-активності в печінці, від ізольованої травми шкіри до скелетної травми, ускладненої гострою крововтратою, та до поєднаної травми. Внаслідок застосування PRP-терапії відмічали зменшення порушень досліджуваних показників. Вміст ВГ у печінці за умов поєднаної травми, порівняно з травмованими тваринами без корекції, ставав істотно більшим, починаючи з 21 доби експерименту, а ГП-активність печінки – через 7, 21 і 28 діб.

Висновки. Нанесення механічного пошкодження шкіри викликає суттєве зниження у печінці вмісту ВГ та ГП-активності та суттєво посилює ці порушення у поєднанні зі скелетною травмою, ускладненою гострою крововтратою. Застосування на цьому тлі збагаченої тромбоцитами алогенної плазми, порівняно з травмованими тваринами без корекції, сприяє суттєвому зменшенню виявлених порушень.
Concepção estrutural integrada à arquitetura auxiliada pela inteligência artificial
Authors: Silva Felipe Tavares da
Published: September 2022

A concepção e o pré-dimensionamento estrutural na Arquitetura são temas frequentes na literatura sobre projeto de edifícios; há várias décadas. Tradicionalmente, isto tem sido realizado analogicamente usando expressões matemáticas simplificadas ou ábacos, ocasionando retrabalho devido à imprecisão e ao método laborioso e manual. Estes processos vêm se transformando e, recentemente, as tecnologias digitais têm aportado sofisticação, oferecendo velocidade e precisão nas respostas das espessuras dos elementos estruturais em dado vão. A integração entre modelagem paramétrica, simulação estrutural em elementos finitos, verificação algorítmica da estrutura e Inteligência Artificial (IA) podem oferecer ao processo de concepção e pré-dimensionamento estrutural grandes contributos. Este artigo demonstra um fluxo de trabalho usando uma base de dados com o espaço de soluções de um sistema estrutural e processado em um modelo substituto pela técnica de agrupamento pelo algoritmo k-means e a regressão não-linear com IA. Este processo objetiva obter o modelo generalizado do sistema estrutural, oferecendo as espessuras dos membros pela definição dos vãos, cargas e resistências do material. O modelo generalizado obtido foi validado com sucesso pelo método dos elementos finitos e a verificação estrutural algoritmicamente, demonstrando uma satisfatória velocidade de processamento atendendo à agilidade que o processo de projeto arquitetônico nas fases iniciais demanda e à acessibilidade conforme o paradigma do projeto baseado no desempenho.
Limites e possibilidades do uso do problem-based learning para trabalhos de conclusão de curso da arquitetura e urbanismo
Authors: Pereira Luiz Antônio Rozendo , Abdalla José Gustavo Francis , Stefano Ercilia de
Published: September 2022

Centrando-se na figura do aluno como responsável por seu processo de ensino-aprendizagem, a metodologia de educação ativa vem sendo implementada como alternativa ao modo tradicional que atribui ao professor tal responsabilidade. Neste artigo, buscou-se investigar a possibilidade de aplicação do método ativo problem-based learning (PBL) no Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo (TCC-AU). A discussão de tal possibilidade se d através da análise das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo (DCN-AU) definidas pelo Ministério da Educação (MEC) e os princípios de adoção de PBL levantados por meio de revisão de literatura. Como resultado das discussões verificou-se a compatibilidade do método com as diretrizes educacionais, embora seja necessárias adequações quanto a formação de grupos, uma vez que estes estão previstos no PBL, enquanto as DCN-AU indicam que o trabalho seja realizado individualmente. Logo, este artigo conclui que se faz necessária a discussão com maior aprofundamento o significado de se realizar o TCC-AU de forma individual e como tal diretriz vai de encontro a natureza colaborativa que se trata a profissão do Arquiteto e Urbanista
O ensino prático reflexivo sob a perspectiva da neuroeducação: um projeto de extensão universitária como estratégia para a consolidação da educação patrimonial
Authors: Ferreira Claudio Lima , Oliveira Melissa Ramos da Silva , Lona Miriam Therezinha , Sbruzzi Rosana Silva Vieira , Nunes Kárita de Souza
Published: September 2022

A apropriação e valorização de nossas heranças culturais podem promover um incentivo à preservação do patrimônio cultural, e um dos desafios inerentes a esse processo é desenvolver uma ação conscientizadora, com a participação da comunidade no processo educacional.  Nesse sentido, o presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar como o ensino prático-reflexivo pode ser adotado em cursos de graduação e pós-graduação, para assim, potencializar aptidões crítico-reflexivas, criativas e colaborativas nos discentes. A pesquisa, de caráter exploratório, utiliza como referencial teórico a neuroeducação e as metodologias ativas, além de estudo de caso, como procedimento empírico para observações e experiências, a partir do projeto de extensão “Memória Capixaba e Educação Patrimonial”, desenvolvido pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura e Cidade, em parceria com os Cursos de Graduação de Arquitetura e Urbanismo e Pedagogia da Universidade Vila Velha. O projeto contou com a participação dos estudantes da universidade e tem como principal proposta levar às escolas públicas da cidade de Vila Velha/ES o ensino de educação patrimonial como complemento à formação curricular. Com base na aplicação das estratégias neuroeducacionais, assim como o uso do conceito de Brain Based Learning - BBL [Aprendizagem Baseada no Cérebro], os graduandos e pós-graduandos desenvolveram um jogo de tabuleiro, com projeto final elaborado e executado na maquetaria da universidade com material reciclado. Conclui-se que, o entendimento das estratégias neuroeducacionais contribuem para o desenvolvimento de aptidões crítico-reflexivas, essenciais aos discentes dos cursos de Arquitetura e Urbanismo atingirem competências/habilidades projetuais da sua profissão.
Espaços de consenso – propaganda, política e arquitetura nas exposições nacionais getulistas
Authors: Sampaio Gustavo de Almeida
Published: September 2022

O presente trabalho tem por meta apresentar duas exposições nacionais promovidas pelo Estado Novo Brasileiro (1937-45): A Exposição Nacional do Estado Novo (RJ-1938) e a Grande Exposição Nacional de Pernambuco (PE-1939). Tomando por base a primeira edição da Mostra della Rivoluzione Fascista (1932), o artigo almeja evidenciar como as mostras nacionais getulistas O presente trabalho tem por meta apresentar duas exposições nacionais promovidas pelo Estado Novo Brasileiro (1937-45): A Exposição Nacional do Estado Novo (RJ-1938) e a Grande Exposição Nacional de Pernambuco (PE-1939). Tomando por base a primeira edição da Mostra della Rivoluzione Fascista (1932), o artigo almeja evidenciar como as mostras nacionais getulistas apresentavam similaridades discursivas e programáticas com a exposição fascista e como esses eventos foram planejados e executados para a criação de espaço de consenso político e ideológico.
Arquiteturas Deslocadas
Authors: Rancière Jacques
Published: September 2022

Em 2019, Jacques Rancière apresentou “Architectures Deplacées”, na Société Française des Architectes, em Paris. Nosso trabalho consiste na tradução da referida palestra e no artigo introdutório publicado em revista, os quais abordaram temas de suas conferências recentes sobre arquitetura. Dentre os deslocamentos ético, poético e estético propostos, Rancière elucida questões intrínsecas da arquitetura na relação com a paisagem. Nesse contexto, o movimento se refere ao processo de desestabilização da finalidade da arquitetura e a busca pela perfeição, visando a construção de mundos livres. Segundo Rancière, quando a arquitetura sai do seu reduto, provoca mudanças mais efetivas. O autor também observa que a pintura é fonte de uma “arquitetura para ver”, relevante para o paisagismo. Por fim, Rancière sugere que a arquitetura, resgatada de sua funcionalidade autoritária, torna-se apoio de um movimento da imaginação que parte de arquiteturas modernas – para ver ou imaginárias – baseadas na fuga do olhar e na capacidade de imaginação, propondo uma terceira via de construção e movimento. Não mais a elevação ao céu inacessível e tampouco o deslocamento horizontal infinito, mas o enfrentamento da imperfeição, em que a crítica da vontade arquitetônica se alia à crítica da ordem do mundo.
Loss of Rbl2 (Retinoblastoma‐Like 2) Exacerbates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Chen Jingrui , Xia Peng , Liu Yuening , Kogan Clark , Cheng Zhaokang
Published: September 2022

Background

The postmitotic state of adult cardiomyocytes, maintained by the cell cycle repressor Rbl2 (retinoblastoma‐like 2), is associated with considerable resistance to apoptosis. However, whether Rbl2 regulates cardiomyocyte apoptosis remains unknown.

Methods and Results

Here, we show that ablation of Rbl2 increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis following acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, leading to diminished cardiac function and exaggerated ventricular remodeling in the long term. Mechanistically, ischemia/reperfusion induced expression of the proapoptotic protein BCL2 interacting protein 3 (Bnip3), which was augmented by deletion of Rbl2. Because the Bnip3 promoter contains an adenoviral early region 2 binding factor (E2F)‐binding site, we further showed that loss of Rbl2 upregulated the transcriptional activator E2F1 but downregulated the transcriptional repressor E2F4. In cultured cardiomyocytes, treatment with H
2
O
2
markedly increased the levels of E2F1 and Bnip3, resulting in mitochondrial depolarization and apoptosis. Depletion of Rbl2 significantly augmented H
2
O
2
‐induced mitochondrial damage and apoptosis in vitro.

Conclusions

Rbl2 deficiency enhanced E2F1‐mediated Bnip3 expression, resulting in aggravated cardiomyocyte apoptosis and ischemia/reperfusion injury. Our results uncover a novel antiapoptotic role for Rbl2 in cardiomyocytes, suggesting that the cell cycle machinery may directly regulate apoptosis in postmitotic cardiomyocytes. These findings may be exploited to develop new strategies to limit ischemia/reperfusion injury in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction.
Sleep Apnea and Physical Movement During Sleep, But Not Sleep Duration, Are Independently Associated With Progression of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction: Prospective Hyogo Sleep Cardio‐Autonomic Atherosclerosis Cohort Study
Authors: Kidawara Yonekazu , Kadoya Manabu , Morimoto Akiko , Daimon Takashi , Kakutani‐Hatayama Miki , Kosaka‐Hamamoto Kae , Miyoshi Akio , Konishi Kosuke , Kusunoki Yoshiki , Shoji Takuhito , Goda Akiko , Asakura Masanori , Ishihara Masaharu , Koyama Hidenori
Published: September 2022

Background

Although co‐occurrence of sleep disorder with heart failure is known, it is not clear whether that condition is a cause or consequence of heart failure. The present study was conducted as a longitudinal examination of the predictive value of sleep parameters on progression of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.

Methods and Results

Four‐hundred fifty‐two subjects were followed for a mean of 34.7 months. An outcome of diastolic dysfunction was defined as increase in early inflow velocity/early diastolic tissue velocity >14. Sleep apnea‐hypopnea index, minimal oxygen saturation, sleep duration, and activity index (physical movement during sleep time, a potential parameter of poor sleep quality) were determined using apnomonitor and actigraphy findings, while heart rate variability was measured with a 24‐hour active tracer device. Sixty‐six of the patients developed diastolic dysfunction during the follow‐up period, with a median time of 25 months. Kaplan–Meier analysis results revealed that those with sleep apnea classified as moderate (apnea‐hypopnea index 15 to <30,
P
<0.01 versus none) or severe (apnea‐hypopnea index ≥30,
P
<0.01 versus none), and with a high activity index (Q3 or Q4,
P
<0.01 versus Q1), but not short sleep duration (
P
=0.27) had a significantly greater risk for a diastolic dysfunction event. Results of multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis indicated that moderate to severe sleep apnea after a follow‐up period of 3 years (hazard ratio [HR], 9.26 [95% CI, 1.89–45.26],
P
<0.01) and high activity index (HR, 1.85 [95% CI, 1.01–3.39],
P
=0.04) were significantly and independently associated with future diastolic dysfunction. Moreover, significant association of high activity index with the outcome was not confounded by either minimal oxygen saturation or heart rate variability.

Conclusions

Sleep apnea and physical movement during sleep, but not sleep duration and autonomic nervous dysfunction, are independent important predictors for progression of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.
Insulin Resistance Is Associated With Heart Failure With Recovered Ejection Fraction in Patients Without Diabetes
Authors: Yang Chen Die , Pan Wen Qi , Feng Shuo , Quan Jin Wei , Chen Jia Wei , Shu Xin Yi , Aihemaiti Muladili , Ding Feng Hua , Shen Wei Feng , Lu Lin , Zhang Rui Yan , Wang Xiao Qun
Published: September 2022

Background

Because of advances in medical treatments, a substantial proportion of patients with heart failure (HF) have experienced recovery of ejection fraction (EF), termed HF with recovered EF (HFrecEF). Insulin resistance (IR) is prevalent in HF and tightly related with prognosis. This study investigates the relationship between IR and the incidence of HFrecEF in patients who are nondiabetic.

Methods and Results

A total of 262 patients with HF with reduced EF (HFrEF) who were nondiabetic were consecutively enrolled. Patients were classified into HFrecEF (follow‐up EF>40% and ≥10% absolute increase) or otherwise persistent HFrEF based on repeat echocardiograms after 12 months. IR was estimated by an updated homeostasis model assessment for IR (HOMA2‐IR). The median HOMA2‐IR level was 1.05 (interquartile range [IQR], 0.67–1.63) in our cohort of patients with HF who were nondiabetic. During follow‐up, 121 (odds ratio [OR], 46.2% [95% CI 40.2–52.2]) patients developed HFrecEF. Compared with patients with HFrEF, patients with HFrecEF had significantly lower HOMA2‐IR levels (0.92 [IQR, 0.61–1.37] versus 1.14 [IQR, 0.75–1.78],
P
=0.007), especially in nonischemic HF. Log
2
‐transformed HOMA2‐IR was inversely correlated to improvements in EF (Pearson's
r
=−0.25,
P
<0.001). After multivariable adjustment, a doubling of HOMA2‐IR was associated with a 42.8% decreased likelihood of HFrecEF (OR, 0.572 [95% CI, 0.385–0.827]).

Conclusions

This study reveals that IR is independently associated with compromised development of HFrecEF in patients who are nondiabetic.
On Decoding Strategies for Neural Text Generators
Authors: Wiher Gian , Meister Clara , Cotterell Ryan
Published: September 2022

When generating text from probabilistic models, the chosen decoding strategy has a profound effect on the resulting text. Yet the properties elicited by various decoding strategies do not always transfer across natural language generation tasks. For example, while mode-seeking methods like beam search perform remarkably well for machine translation, they have been observed to lead to incoherent and repetitive text in story generation. Despite such observations, the effectiveness of decoding strategies is often assessed on only a single task. This work—in contrast—provides a comprehensive analysis of the interaction between language generation tasks and decoding strategies. Specifically, we measure changes in attributes of generated text as a function of both decoding strategy and task using human and automatic evaluation. Our results reveal both previously observed and novel findings. For example, the nature of the diversity–quality trade-off in language generation is very task-specific; the length bias often attributed to beam search is not constant across tasks. https://github.com/gianwiher/decoding-NLG
Structural Persistence in Language Models: Priming as a Window into Abstract Language Representations
Authors: Sinclair Arabella , Jumelet Jaap , Zuidema Willem , Fernández Raquel
Published: September 2022

We investigate the extent to which modern neural language models are susceptible to structural priming, the phenomenon whereby the structure of a sentence makes the same structure more probable in a follow-up sentence. We explore how priming can be used to study the potential of these models to learn abstract structural information, which is a prerequisite for good performance on tasks that require natural language understanding skills. We introduce a novel metric and release Prime-LM, a large corpus where we control for various linguistic factors that interact with priming strength. We find that Transformer models indeed show evidence of structural priming, but also that the generalizations they learned are to some extent modulated by semantic information. Our experiments also show that the representations acquired by the models may not only encode abstract sequential structure but involve certain level of hierarchical syntactic information. More generally, our study shows that the priming paradigm is a useful, additional tool for gaining insights into the capacities of language models and opens the door to future priming-based investigations that probe the model’s internal states.1
Through the Front Door: Why Do Organizations (Still) Prefer Legacy Applicants?
Authors: Castilla Emilio J. , Poskanzer Ethan J.
Published: September 2022

When screening candidates, organizations often give preference to certain applicants on the basis of their familial ties. This “legacy preference,” particularly widespread in college admissions, has been criticized for contributing to inequality and class reproduction. Despite this, studies continue to report that legacies are persistently admitted at higher rates than non-legacies. In this article, we develop a theoretical framework of three distinct sense-making strategies at play when decision-makers screen applicants into their organizations—the meritocratic, material, and diversity logics. We then apply this framework to investigate how legacy preferences either support or undermine each organizational logic using comprehensive data on the population of applicants seeking admission into one elite U.S. college. We find strong support for the material logic at the cost of the other two organizational logics: legacies make better alumni after graduation and have wealthier parents who are materially-positioned to be more generous donors than non-legacy parents. Contrary to the meritocratic logic, we find that legacies are neither more qualified applicants nor better students academically. From a diversity standpoint, legacies are less racially diverse than non-legacies. We conclude with a discussion of our study’s implications for understanding the role of family relationships and nepotism in today’s organizational selection processes.
Relationships Between Self-Regulated Learning, Big Five Personality Traits, and Amount of Instrument Practice
Authors: Burak Sabahat , Atabek Oğuzhan
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this research was to investigate the potential relationships between self-regulated learning with regard to instrument practice, amount of instrument practice time, and Big Five personality traits. Participants were 172 preservice teachers enrolled in music teaching undergraduate programs of three universities in Turkey. Data were collected via a demographics questionnaire, musical behaviors questionnaire, the Big Five Inventory (BFI), and the Self-Regulated Learning in Instrument Practice Scale (SRLIPS). BFI includes neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness dimensions, and SRLIPS has forethought, performance, and self-reflection dimensions. The results revealed that preservice music teachers’ last exam grade and daily practice hours on their main instrument and SRLIPS scores did not differ significantly by their year of study. Participants’ last exam grades correlated significantly with their scores on the dimensions of conscientiousness, forethought, performance, and self-reflection. Daily practice hours correlated with the dimensions of conscientiousness, forethought, and performance. Years of playing the main instrument correlated significantly with performance dimension. Moreover, each SRLIPS dimension correlated significantly with each dimension in the BFI. Regression analyses revealed that forethought and self-reflection were predicted by conscientiousness and performance scores were explained by openness. Finally, last exam grade was predicted by forethought and conscientiousness dimensions.
Sociolectal and Dialectal Variation in Prosody
Authors: Armstrong Meghan , Breen Mara , Gooden Shelome , Levon Erez , Yu Kristine M.
Published: September 2022

As in many linguistics subfields, studies of prosody have mainly focused on majority languages and dialects and on speakers who hold power in social structures. The goal of this Special Issue is to diversify prosody research in terms of the languages and dialects being investigated, as well as the social structures that influence prosodic variation. The Special Issue brings together prosody researchers and researchers exploring sociological variation in prosody, with a focus on the prosody of marginalized dialects and on prosodic differences based on gender, sexuality, race, and ethnicity. The papers in this volume don’t just advance our understanding of critical issues in sociolinguistics, but they also challenge some of the received wisdom in the exploration of sociolinguistic influences on prosody. Not only does this collection highlight the value of this work to informing theories of prosodic variation and change, but the collected papers also provide examples of methodological innovations in the field that will be valuable for all prosody researchers.
Subsidiarity and Participation in an Age of Catholic Mega-Systems
Authors: Harootunian-Cutts Jacquelyn
Published: September 2022

While the number of Catholic healthcare facilities has held stable over the last several decades, Catholic healthcare has followed the trend of merging facilities and systems into “mega-systems.” These consolidations can be beneficial for creating continuums of care, lowering operating costs, ensuring long-term viability, and sharing physical, digital, and human resources. However, with larger systems comes a practical need to be integrated to some degree, and the pressure to standardize policies and practices across regions is present. To address this need and pressure, the Catholic Social Teaching principles of subsidiarity and participation should guide system and local administrators. Subsidiarity and participation encourage all decision making to happen at the most local levels and to include as many of the people those decisions affect as possible. I will review both the pragmatic benefits of keeping decisions as local and rooted as possible as well as the moral benefits of allowing as many administrators and health care professionals to exercise and form their virtues as moral agents. In a time when changes to medical care have created many procedural responsibilities and cut into time spent in moral witness, institutions, even mega-systems, should remain attentive to the ways in which the moral agents of their system are formed and exercised.
Fear of Cancer Progression and Death Anxiety in Survivors of Advanced Colorectal Cancer: A Qualitative Study Exploring Coping Strategies and Quality of Life
Authors: Lim Chloe Yi Shing , Laidsaar-Powell Rebekah C. , Young Jane M. , Solomon Michael , Steffens Daniel , Blinman Prunella , O’Loughlin Scott , Zhang Yuehan , Butow Phyllis ,   The advanced-CRC survivorship authorship group
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to examine coping strategies used by advanced colorectal cancer (CRC-A) survivors to manage death anxiety and fear of cancer progression, and links between these strategies and quality of life (QoL), distress, and death acceptance. Qualitative semi-structured interviews of 38 CRC-A survivors (22 female) were analysed via framework analysis. QoL and distress were assessed through the FACT-C and Distress Thermometer. Eleven themes were identified and mapped to active avoidance (keeping busy and distracted), passive avoidance (hoping for a cure), active confrontation (managing negative emotions; reaching out to others; focusing on the present; staying resilient), meaning-making (redefining one’s identity; contributing to society; gaining perspective; remaining spiritual), and acceptance (accepting one’s situation). Active confrontation (specifically utilising informal support networks) and meaning-making appeared beneficial coping strategies; more research is needed to develop and evaluate interventions which increase CRC-A survivors’ use of these strategies to manage and cope with their death anxiety.
CDC-Funded HIV Testing and Linkage to HIV Medical Care Among American Indian and Alaska Native People in the United States, 2014-2020
Authors: Moore Andrea , Williams Weston , Marano-Lee Mariette , Williams Nia , Xu Songli , Uhl Gary
Published: September 2022

Objective:

An estimated 1 in 5 American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) adults living with HIV are unaware of their status. We investigated HIV testing among AI/AN people receiving a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)–funded test from 2014 through 2020.

Methods:

We analyzed data on CDC-funded HIV tests reported by health departments and community-based organizations in the United States. We described the number of CDC-funded HIV tests, the percentage of people with newly and previously diagnosed HIV, and linkage to HIV medical care within 90 days of diagnosis.

Results:

CDC-funded health departments and community-based organizations provided 99 227 HIV tests to AI/AN people during 2014-2020. Seven hundred thirty-five (0.7%) AI/AN people were diagnosed with HIV; 361 (0.4%) were newly diagnosed, 319 (0.3%) had a previous HIV diagnosis, and 55 (0.1%) had a previously unknown HIV status. Positivity for new diagnoses was highest among the following population groups tested in non–health care settings: men who had sex with men (MSM; n = 72, 1.2%), MSM who inject drugs (n = 12, 1.8%), and transgender people (n = 12, 1.5%). The percentage of linkage to HIV medical care was 80.6% for newly diagnosed people and 78.2% for previously diagnosed people.

Conclusions:

MSM AI/AN, including those who inject drugs, and transgender AI/AN may benefit from prioritized HIV testing. All AI/AN people with HIV, whether newly or previously diagnosed, should rapidly link to HIV medical care and receive support throughout the continuum of care. Our findings can inform which AI/AN population subgroups may benefit from enhanced HIV testing efforts and interventions.
Peer-Assisted Aided AAC Modeling for Students With Complex Communication Needs
Authors: Kleinert Harold L. , Kearns Jacqui , Land Lou-Ann , L. Page Judith , Kleinert Jane O’Regan
Published: September 2022

This article presents the rationale, evidence base, and strategies for teachers and related service personnel to implement peer-assisted Augmentative & Alternative Communication (AAC) modeling with their students with complex communication needs within inclusive settings across the school day. Specific steps for teaching the student’s same-age peers to use aided AAC modeling are provided, as well as overall recommendations for implementation. Aided AAC modeling examples and strategies for collecting data on student AAC use are also included.
Can Customers Affect Racial Discrimination in Hiring?
Authors: Pedulla David S. , Allen Sophie , Baer-Bositis Livia
Published: September 2022

While significant scholarship has documented the prevalence of racial discrimination in hiring, less is known about the forces that exacerbate or mitigate it. In this article, we develop a theoretical argument about the ability of customers to influence racial discrimination in hiring, highlighting the role of direct customer communication and its intersection with online review systems. We deploy a novel method to test our argument. Specifically, we draw on original data from a two-part field experiment that first randomly assigned restaurants to receive one of three different email messages from customers and then audited the restaurants to test for racial discrimination in hiring. While our data collection effort was cut short and disrupted by the coronavirus pandemic, making our findings more exploratory than initially anticipated, our data provide evidence that customer communication can reduce racial discrimination under certain conditions. We discuss the implications of these findings for scholarship on organizational decision-making, discrimination, and methodological approaches for studying these topics.
The Young Researcher’s Guide to Creating Data Mastersheets
Authors: Andrade Chittaranjan
Published: September 2022

Researchers who have completed a study need to transfer their data from individual patient research files to a mastersheet. This article is a beginner’s guide to creating data spreadsheets that can be shared with others and imported into statistical programs. The article discusses choice of spreadsheet software, use of separate worksheets for main data and granular data, use of columns for variables and rows for patient data, coding data, entry of data into cells in the worksheets, and other matters.