bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blended Digital and Face-to-Face Care for First-Episode Psychosis Treatment in Young People: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Valentine Lee , McEnery Carla , Bell Imogen , O'Sullivan Shaunagh , Pryor Ingrid , Gleeson John , Bendall Sarah , Alvarez-Jimenez Mario
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND

A small number of studies have found that digital mental health interventions can be feasible and acceptable for young people experiencing first-episode psychosis; however, little research has examined how they might be blended with face-to-face approaches in order to enhance care. Blended treatment refers to the integration of digital and face-to-face mental health care. It has the potential to capitalize on the evidence-based features of both individual modalities, while also exceeding the sum of its parts. This integration could bridge the online–offline treatment divide and better reflect the interconnected, and often complementary, ways young people navigate their everyday digital and physical lives.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to gain young people’s perspectives on the design and implementation of a blended model of care in first-episode psychosis treatment.

METHODS

This qualitative study was underpinned by an end-user development framework and was based on semistructured interviews with 10 participants aged 19 to 28 (mean 23.4, SD 2.62). A thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.

RESULTS

Three superordinate themes emerged relating to young people’s perspectives on the design and implementation of a blended model of care in first-episode psychosis treatment: (1) blended features, (2) cautions, and (3) therapeutic alliance.

CONCLUSIONS

We found that young people were very enthusiastic about the prospect of blended models of mental health care, in so far as it was used to enhance their experience of traditional face-to-face treatment but not to replace it overall. Aspects of blended treatment that could enhance clinical care were readily identified by young people as increasing accessibility, continuity, and consolidation; accessing posttherapy support; strengthening the relationship between young person and clinician; and tracking personal data that could be used to better inform clinical decision making. Future research is needed to investigate the efficacy of blended models of care by evaluating its impact on the therapeutic alliance, clinical and social outcomes, cost-effectiveness, and engagement.
A Perspective on Client-Psychologist Relationships in Videoconferencing Psychotherapy: Literature Review (Preprint)
Authors: Cataldo Francesco , Chang Shanton , Mendoza Antonette , Buchanan George
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND

During the COVID-19 pandemic, people have been encouraged to maintain social distance. Technology helps people schedule meetings as remote videoconferencing sessions rather than face-to-face interactions. Psychologists are in high demand because of an increase in stress as a result of COVID-19, and videoconferencing provides an opportunity for mental health clinicians to treat current and new referrals. However, shifting treatment from face-to-face to videoconferencing is not simple: both psychologists and clients miss in-person information cues, including body language.

OBJECTIVE

This review proposes a new theoretical framework to guide the design of future studies examining the impact of a computer as a mediator of psychologist-client relationships and the influence of videoconferencing on the relationship process.

METHODS

We conducted a literature review including studies focused on communication and key concepts of the therapeutic relationship and therapeutic alliance.

RESULTS

Studies have reported that clients are generally satisfied with videoconference therapy in terms of the relationship with their therapists and the establishment of the therapeutic alliance. Conversely, studies indicate that psychologists continue to highlight difficulties in establishing the same quality of therapeutic relationship and therapeutic alliance. The contrasting experiences might underlie the differences in the type of emotional and cognitive work required by both actors in any therapy session; furthermore, the computer seems to take part in their interaction not only as a vehicle to transmit messages but also as an active part of the communication. A new model of interaction and relationship is proposed, taking into account the presence of the computer, along with further hypotheses.

CONCLUSIONS

It is important to consider the computer as having an active role in the client-psychologist relationship; thus, it is a third party to the communication that either assists or interferes with the interaction between psychologists and clients.
Impact of Home Quarantine on Physical Activity Among Older Adults Living at Home During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Qualitative Interview Study (Preprint)
Authors: Goethals Luc , Barth Nathalie , Guyot Jessica , Hupin David , Celarier Thomas , Bongue Bienvenu
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND

Older adults and those with pre-existing medical conditions are at risk of death from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2). In this period of quarantine, one of the reasons for going out is physical activity. This issue is important, as the impact of a sedentary lifestyle might be lower for children and young adults, but is far more severe for older adults. Although older adults need to stay at home because they have a higher risk of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), they need to avoid a sedentary lifestyle. Physical activity is important for older adults, especially to maintain their level of independence, mental health, and well-being. Maintaining mobility in old age is necessary, as it may predict loss of independence in older adults.

OBJECTIVE

Our first objective was to evaluate the impact of this quarantine period on physical activity programs and on the physical and mental health of older adults. Our second objective was to discuss alternatives to physical activity programs that could be suggested for this population to avoid a sedentary lifestyle.

METHODS

We conducted a qualitative survey using semistructured interviews with professionals (managers in charge of physical activity programs for older adults and sports trainers who run these physical activity programs) from the French Federation of Physical Education and Voluntary Gymnastics (FFPEVG) and older adults participating in a physical activity program of the FFPEVG. We followed a common interview guide. For analysis, we carried out a thematic analysis of the interviews.

RESULTS

This study suggests that the COVID-19 epidemic has affected, before quarantine measures, the number of seniors attending group physical activity programs in the two study territories. In addition, despite the decline in their participation in group physical activities before the quarantine, older adults expressed the need to perform physical activity at home. There is a need to help older adults integrate simple and safe ways to stay physically active in a limited space. A national policy to support older adults for physical activity at home appears essential in this context.

CONCLUSIONS

Given the results of our study, it seems necessary to globally communicate how important it is for older adults to maintain physical activity at home. We are concerned about the level of independence and mental health state of older adults after the end of quarantine if there is no appropriate campaign to promote physical activity among them at home.
Does Responsibility to Protect (R2P) Make Difference to Civilians?: An Analytical and Evaluation Study
Authors: Fahmy Walid
Published: March 2020

In 2001, the International Commission on Intervention and State sovereignty (ICISS) proposed rethinking on sovereignty through the prism of a new concept: the “Responsibility to Protect” (R2P). Several years after, its message has been achieved? This is answer to this question that, in the aftermath of the Arab spring, at the end of an intervention that is controversial in Libya and in the face of the Syrian drama, we decided to make an evaluation, by analyzing this doctrine. From details of methodological of the purpose of this article, the review of the legal framework of the “Responsibility to Protect” (R2P) in international law is based on pre-existing concepts and rules that are sometimes approached such as the international responsibility and criminal responsibility priori conceptualization of the “Responsibility to Protect”, will be the first axis of this study. In the second, axis the responsibility to protect the population rests primarily on the territorial State against war crimes, crimes against humanity, crimes of genocide and ethnic cleansing. It must be stated that the obligation to protect the concerned State, was necessary before the States itself by establishing international legal standards. If the State is not willing to do or unable, the subsidiary protective role is the responsibility of other actors.The reality of major obstacles reduces the effective implementation on the ground of the “Responsibility to Protect”. These obstacles can be linked with the same design of it, just as they may result from external causes that could make inoperative the responsibility to protect in view of the situation, the international community application does not rely on the implementation of the responsibility to protect in some cases that meet, however, all the conditions to act within this framework. In the third axis of this study, it will be also a review of the operational legal framework.The United Nations has adopted several resolutions on the “Responsibility to Protect”, examining not only their support to the doctrine, but also their willingness to authorize the deployment of peacekeeping operations and to adopt resolutions in support of military intervention paragraph. But the Security Council of the United Nations has not always been unanimous about the situations to which the “responsibility to protect” applies. The case of Darfur and the crisis of the Syria, there was something else, they were exemplary cases of the application of the “Responsibility to Protect” inertia, and the different responses by the international community in the face of these crises, will allow us in the Fourth axis of interesting conclusions about the difficulties in the application thereof.
Current Status of Poultry Meat Abnormalities
Authors: Baldi Giulia , Soglia Francesca , Petracci Massimiliano
Published: March 2020

Over the past decade, the poultry industry has faced an increasing occurrence of growth-related muscular abnormalities that mainly affect fast-growing genotypes selected for their production performances (high growth rate and breast yield). These abnormalities, termed white striping (WS), wooden breast (WB) and spaghetti meat (SM), primarily affect the superficial portion of pectoralis major muscles. Despite their distinctive phenotypes, WS, WB, and SM conditions entail common histological features, i.e., they might share common causative mechanisms underpinning their occurrence. Meat affected by growth-related abnormalities is harmless for human nutrition since no specific biological or chemical hazards have been found to be related to its consumption. However, WS, WB, and SM abnormalities negatively affect both quality traits and technological properties of raw and processed meat, causing relevant economic damages in the poultry industry. This paper aims to provide an update about the current status of poultry meat abnormalities, giving useful insights about their impact on meat quality, the possible causative mechanisms, methods for mitigation, and future perspectives.
Hystometric evaluation of nickel chronic exposure effects on large instestine of adult Wistar male rats
Authors: Assis Rodrigues Maria Luiza , Rodrigues Sartori Sirlene Souza , Santos Totaro Priscila Izabel , Pinto da Matta Sérgio Luis
Published: March 2020

The ingestion of considerable amounts of water or food contaminated with nickel can be very toxic. The present work was conducted aiming to evaluate the effects of nickel exposures on ascending colon of adult Wistar male rats at hystometric level. We used 12 animals that were divided in a control (ingested uncontaminated water) and a nickel-contaminated (i.e., 25 mg de nickel/L of water) groups. Nickel chloride was offered in declorinated water and the experiment had a 56 days exposure period. A portion of the ascending colon was removed of the animals and subjected to hystological labelling processes using blue toluidin (for general hystometric description), Alcian Blue (AB, for acid mucins) and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) technique (for neutral mucins). The potential differences between groups were desgined by applying the Whitney test and t test (p < 0.05). The crypts were smaller for the nickel-contaminated group, even though these organism exhibited broader and higher crypts. Nickel-contaminated animals exhibited a smaller amount of calyceform cells with AB and PAS positive reactions as well as a less mucus quantities when compared with nickel-uncontaminated animals. Such reductions on the amount of calyceform cells with AB and PAS positive reactions may be related wiht the shallower crypts, which possibly reduced the synthesis and secretion of mucins, compromissing the functional aspects (e.g., lubrification and intestinal mucosa protection) of the nickel-contaminated large intestines. Interestingly, the wider and higher crypts and higher epithelium collumn on the nickel-contaminated animals may represent a relevant trade-off for the intestinal mucosa protection.
Архитектура и социология как тела взаимного академическогопритяжения
Authors: Kiyanenko Konstantin
Published: March 2020

Статья посвящена взаимоотношениям архитектуры и со­циологии как сфер академического знания. Опираясь на на­укометрический анализ массивов публикаций, посвящённых этими двумя сферами друг другу, автор пытается выяснить, насколько данное пограничное поле развито на фоне дис­циплинарных «метрополий» и близких междисциплинарных областей, какими отраслями знания, помимо архитектуры и социологии, и какими по научной квалификации специали­стами оно возделывается. Показано, что архитектура и соци­ология испытывают стабильный взаимный интерес, формируя область социологии архитектуры как массива академических публикаций. По признаку количества публикуемых работ она менее развита, чем социология города или пространства, но вполне сравнима с социологией дизайна, градостроительства и урбанистики. Очерчены географические (города) и институ­циональные (вузы, НИИ) рамки концентрации и производства современного архитектурно-социологического знания, в том числе - основные его очаги. Сформированы ранжированные списки наиболее продуктивных и влиятельных российских «социологических архитекторов» и «архитектурных социо­логов». Выявлены основные формы социального взаимодей­ствия архитекторов с социологами - «альянсы», «тандемы» и «партнёрства». Затронут феномен «кентавров» - лиц, объединяющих в силу личностных особенностей, професси­ональной и академической биографии и опыта видение, по­нимание и знания и архитекторов, и социологов. Обозначены организационные структуры в истории отечественного знания и профессиональной архитектурной практики - фокусы ар­хитектурно-социологической междисциплинарности - как фактор формирования синтетических, пограничных компе­тенций. Сделан вывод о потенциале междисциплинарных объединений для дальнейшего развития социального знания в архитектуре.
PERNIKAHAN ANAK DI KALIMANTAN SELATAN: PERSPEKTIF NILAI BANJAR
Authors: Kumari Fatrawati , Kurdi Muqarramah Sulaiman
Published: March 2020

This research is motivated by the high number of child marriages in South Kalimantan which reached 51 / 1,000 population in 2010 and 2016 which exceeded the national average, which is 40 / 1,000 population. In 2017 there has been no significant change in numbers. One of the root causes of child marriage is the values of Banjar that shape the behavior of child marriage. These values need to be studied in the form of research. Through the descriptive-qualitative method, this study took 7 sample districts, each consisting of 5 respondents. Data collection uses snowball technique, observation and interviews. The analysis was carried out qualitatively based on the theory of ethics and Banjar values. The following findings. First, the Banjar values which form the basis of child marriage are given 3 main values, namely the value of harmony, economic value and religious value, which are all interrelated in determining how to marry a child. Second, efforts to achieve value have not been carried out optimally. Third, generally child marriage companions do not get assistance that is not important to change the culture of child marriage.
Richard M. Fried's 'Nightmare in Red: The McCarthy Era in Perspective'
Authors: Bjerre-Poulsen Niels
Published: March 2020

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CURRÍCULO E PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA NO COTIDIANO ESCOLAR DA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA: UMA REVISÃO EM PERIÓDICOS NACIONAIS
Authors: Freire Juliana De Oliveira , Barreto Aldecilene Cerqueira , Wiggers Ingrid Dittrich
Published: March 2020

No presente artigo analisamos as articulações entre currículo e prática pedagógica da Educação Física no cotidiano escolar do Ensino Fundamental. Para tanto, realizamos um estudo de revisão sistemática em periódicos do campo da Educação Física brasileira, resultando numa seleção de 13 artigos entre 2008 e 2017. Concluímos que os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais, os currículos dos estados e municípios e os projetos político-pedagógicos subsidiam o planejamento e a prática pedagógica, sem interferir na autonomia do professor. Os estudos apresentados indicam a sistematização dos conteúdos como elemento preponderante para a legitimação da Educação Física. As elaborações e análises de propostas de ensino repercutiram a hegemonia do esporte como conteúdo, porém percebemos a tentativa de ampliação do seu entendimento como fenômeno cultural. Sugerimos pesquisas que problematizem a prática pedagógica no cotidiano escolar, que subsidiem reformulações e produções curriculares na formação inicial e continuada, em colaboração entre escola e universidade.
2017 American Academy of Pediatrics Clinical Practice Guideline: Impact on Prevalence of Arterial Hypertension in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Dost Axel , Bechtold Susanne , Fink Katharina , Bonfig Walter , Wiemann Dagobert , Kapellen Thomas M. , Witsch Michael , Schwab Karl O. , Holl Reinhard W.
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE

In 2017, the American Academy of Pediatrics introduced a new guideline (2017 Clinical Practice Guideline of the American Academy of Pediatrics [AAP 2017]) to diagnose arterial hypertension (HTN) in children that included revised, lower normative blood pressure (BP) values and cut points for diagnosing high BP in adolescents. We studied the impact of the new AAP 2017 on prevalence of HTN in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Up to September 2018, 1.4 million office BP measurements in 79,849 children and adolescents (aged 5–20 years) with T1DM were documented in the DPV (Diabetes Prospective Follow-up) registry. BP values of the most recent year were aggregated, and BP values of 74,677 patients without antihypertensive medication were analyzed (median age 16 years and diabetes duration 5.3 years, 52.8% boys). BP values were classified according to AAP 2017 and the references of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) (2011) and the Fourth Report on the Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents (fourth report) (2004).

RESULTS

Of the patients, 44.1%, 29.5%, and 26.5% were hypertensive according to AAP 2017, KiGGS, and fourth report, respectively. Differences in prevalence of HTN were strongly age dependent: <10 years, AAP 2017 31.4%, KiGGS 30.7%, fourth report 19.6%; 10 to <15 years, AAP 2017 30.9%, KiGGS 31.2%, fourth report 22.4%; and ≥15 years, AAP 2017 53.2%, KiGGS 28.4%, fourth report 30.0%. Among teenagers ≥15 years, 59.1% of boys and only 46.3% of girls were classified as hypertensive by AAP 2017 but only 21.1%/26% of boys and 36.7%/34.4% of girls by KiGGS/fourth report, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Classification of BP as hypertension depends strongly on the normative data used. Use of AAP 2017 results in a significant increase in HTN in teenagers ≥15 years with T1DM, particularly in boys. AAP 2017 enhances the awareness of elevated BP in children, particularly in patients with increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
Musiikin suomalainen tagaus Bandcamp-artistifoorumilla
Authors: Harviainen Tuomas , Kolehmainen Niko
Published: March 2020

Tässä artikkelissa tarkastelemme suomalaisten harrastaja-musiikintekijöiden tapoja asiasanottaa (tagata) omaa musiikkiaan Internetin Bandcamp-palvelussa. Kuvaamme heidän asiasanavalintojaan, motiivejaan ja näkemyksiään sanavalintojen hyödyllisyydestä potentiaalisille kuuntelijoille. Tutkimuksen pohjana on 67 verkkokyselyyn saatua määrällistä ja laadullista vastausta. Tuloksena havaitaan, ettei selkeä enemmistö artisteista käyttänyt juuri lainkaan aikaa musiikkinsa genre- tai sisällönkuvailuun ja ettei artistien iällä, koulutusasteella tai statuksella ollut merkitystä tagien valintaan. Toisaalta lähes kaikki vastaajat myös käyttivät joitakin ulkoisia lähteitä sisällönkuvailuunsa ja pyrkivät markkinointietujen hakemisen sijasta täsmällisyyteen. Keskeisimmäksi tekijäksi nousi musiikin löydettävyys, mutta noin viidennes vastaajista ilmoitti myös hakeneensa jotakin tiettyä estetiikkaa, kuten esimerkiksi huumoria tai ”asennetta” valinnoillaan. He eivät pitäneet itseään erityisen osaavina sisällönkuvaajina, mutta silti vain alle neljännes vastaajista edes harkitsi asiasanojensa vaihtamista uusiin. Analysoimalla avointa, käyttäjälähtöistä asiasanoitusta artikkeli tuottaa uutta tietoa sekä sisällönkuvailun että folksonomioiden tutkimukselle.
Verkkokeskusteluiden historiaa tutkimassa
Authors: Haasio Ari
Published: March 2020

Arvio teoksesta Suominen, J., Saarikoski, P. & Vaahensalo, E. 2019. Digitaalisia kohtaamisia: verkkokeskustelut BBS-purkeista sosiaaliseen mediaan. Helsinki: Gaudeamus. 323 s.
The nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor of two cricket species - Acheta domesticus and Gryllus bimaculatus
Authors: Ritvanen Tiina , Pastell Helena , Welling Annikki , Raatikainen Marja
Published: March 2020

The Kjeldahl method is the most utilized method for total protein content analysis in food. Using the universal nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor of 6.25, the protein content of insects is likely to be overestimated due to their chitin content. We have calculated nitrogen-to-protein conversion factors for two crickets, house cricket (Acheta domesticus) and field cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus), which are used for food and feed in Europe. By analyzing their nitrogen and amino acid content we were able to show that a conversion factor of 5.09 could be used for house cricket and 5.00 for field cricket in protein content calculation. Based on these results with a reservation about slight variation in farming conditions, we suggest a nitrogen conversion factor of 5.0 for both crickets.
Käyräviivaiset koordinaatistot kontinuumimekaniikassa
Authors: Holopainen Sami
Published: March 2020

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan suoraviivaisista avaruuskoordinaatistoista yleistettyjä käyräviivaisia koordinaatistoja ja niiden välisiä muunnoksia. Teoria esitetään suoraviivaisten koordinaatistojen teorian pohjalta. Yleistämisen keskeisenä ominaisuutena pidetään suoraviivaisten koordinaatistojen kantajärjestelmän yksikäsitteistä määrittelyä. Sovelluksina tarkastellaan kontinuumimekaniikan tärkeitä koordinaatistoja ja niiden välisiä muunnoksia, kannan vaihtoa, vaihdetun kannan derivaattoja sekä niissä tarvittavia niin kutsuttuja Christoﬀelin symboleja. Pohditaan myös mitä hyötyä käyräviivaisista koordinaatistoista ja niiden muunnoksista on.
PENGARUH INFLASI, EKSPOR DAN IMPOR TERHADAP PDB DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2015 – 2018
Authors: Silaban Putri Sari Margaret Juliyanti , Rejeki Raysa
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan menjelaskan : (1) pengaruh simultan inflasi, ekspor dan impor terhadap PDB di Indonesia tahun 2018, (2) pengaruh parsial inflasi terhadap PDB di Indonesia tahun 2015-2018, (3) pengaruh parsial ekspor terhadap PDB di Indonesia tahun 2015-2018, (4) pengaruh parsial impor terhadap PDB di Indonesia tahun 2015-2018, penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder berupa data time series, dimana penulis membatasi waktu penelitian dari tahun 2015-2018 data kuartalan, yaitu dengan data inflasi, ekspor, impor dan PDB. Metode analisis regresi berganda dengan menggunakan program Eviews 10. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa : (1) variabel inflasi, ekspor dan impor berpengaruh secara langsung dan simultan terhadap PDB, (2) variabel inflasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap PDB, (3) variabel ekspor tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap PDB, (4) variabel impor tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap PDB. Kata Kunci : Inflasi, Ekspor, Impor dan PDB, data Time Series
«Baraja de complementarios», de José Lara Garrido
Authors: Ortigosa Peña Andrés
Published: March 2020

Reseña del libro Baraja de complementarios (Moalde [Pontevedra], Cancioneros Castellanos, 2019), de José Lara Garrido.
Expression of microRNAs in plasma and in extracellular vesicles derived from plasma for dogs with glioma and dogs with other brain diseases
Authors: Narita Momoko , Nishida Hidetaka , Asahina Ryota , Nakata Kohei , Yano Hirohito , Dickinson Peter J. , Tanaka Toshiyuki , Akiyoshi Hideo , Maeda Sadatoshi , Kamishina Hiroaki
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE

To measure expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in plasma and in extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from plasma for dogs with glioma and dogs with other brain diseases.

SAMPLE

Plasma samples from 11 dogs with glioma and 19 control dogs with various other brain diseases.

PROCEDURES

EVs were isolated from plasma samples by means of ultracentrifugation. Expression of 4 candidate reference miRNAs (let-7a, miR-16, miR-26a, and miR-103) and 4 candidate target miRNAs (miR-15b, miR-21, miR-155, and miR-342-3p) was quantified with reverse transcription PCR assays. Three software programs were used to select the most suitable reference miRNAs from among the 4 candidate reference miRNAs. Expression of the 4 target miRNAs was then calculated relative to expression of the reference genes in plasma and EVs, and relative expression was compared between dogs with glioma and control dogs with other brain diseases.

RESULTS

The most suitable reference miRNAs were miR-16 for plasma and let-7a for EVs. Relative expression of miR-15b in plasma and in EVs was significantly higher in dogs with glioma than in control dogs. Relative expression of miR-342-3p in EVs was significantly higher in dogs with glioma than in control dogs.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results suggested that miR-15b and miR-342-3p have potential as noninvasive biomarkers for differentiating glioma from other intracranial diseases in dogs. However, more extensive analysis of expression in specific glioma subtypes and grades, compared with expression in more defined control populations, will be necessary to assess their clinical relevance.
How the File was Invented
Authors: Moss Michael , Thomas David
Published: March 2020

The file is synonymous with British bureaucracy but it had a long gestation from at least the 16th century. It emerged slowly from the chrysalis of the docket during the 19th century, differentially in the various departments of state and became a fixity following reforms in the aftermath of the First World War. Even then the system of recording information in government was not uniform and was subject to the exigencies of the financial crisis and the commitment of officials. Although India and the rest of the Empire had separate administration, there was very little attempt to manage and preserve information effectively. Most initiatives met only with partial success and were often resented by junior officials. Registries in keeping with long-held commitment to paucity in government spending were and are poorly staffed and resourced. This article traces the evolution of the file until its demise in the digital age.
Legal Files and Empires: Form and Materiality of the Benguela District Court Documents
Authors: Dias Paes Mariana Armond
Published: March 2020

Much has been said on the role of judges, legal officials, and courts in the making of colonial regimes. Nevertheless, historiography lacks specific methodological reflections on lawsuits in the Iberian Empires. In order to raise some methodological issues concerning lawsuits as primary sources, I argue that historians could also engage with legal files by looking at instead of just looking through them. In this sense, I seek to establish a dialogue with discussions that anthropologists and social scientists put forward concerning the role of documents as constitutive of bureaucracies and administrative institutions. In order to do so, I will focus on specific aspects of the Benguela District Court collection of legal files.
Paper Affairs: Discipline by the Dossier in a Mao-Era Work Unit
Authors: Chris Chang J. M.
Published: March 2020

This article examines how dossier files informed the handling of personnel misconduct in Chinese work units using an investigation of adultery as a case study. By the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976), the disciplinary functions of the dossier system were an embedded feature of social control in the work unit, partially shifting responsibility for policing petty crime to local administrators. In this case, the revelation of an extramarital relationship in 1974 set off a bureaucratic operation to produce documentary proof of the alleged wrongdoing. The thick case file prepared by the work unit investigators grew to include a tranche of seized love letters, a series of dubious confessions, and detailed bureaucratic reports. The preparation of evidence bound for the dossier demonstrates the extent to which the demands of documentation formed a distinct end of the investigative process, while revealing how people and paper were mobilized to deal with a minor administrative affair.
Nelson Mandela’s Archive: a Case Study in Research-driven Institutional Change Management
Authors: Harris Verne , Katuu Shadrack
Published: March 2020

The Nelson Mandela Centre of Memory Project was launched by the former President Mandela in 2004 as a special project of the Nelson Mandela Foundation (NMF). In 2006, the Foundation’s Board of Trustees decided to adopt the Centre as the Foundation’s core operational function, a decision to be implemented in terms of a 5-year transition plan. In February 2012, the latter ended with a public announcement of the organisation’s new mandate to work in the memory–dialogue nexus and intention to unveil the Centre as a public facility in 2013. This fundamental organisational transition (with many subsidiary change management processes) was informed by four dedicated research interventions, all conducted within an overarching action research framing: an investigation of the ›memory for justice‹ tradition in South Africa and its possible institutional application by the NMF; a global benchmarking study of cognate institutions; a study of dialogue as an element of Mandela’s legacy in relation to the memory–dialogue nexus; and a marketing and branding survey. Verne Harris and Shadrack Katuu provide an account of these interventions, highlighting in each case the research designs and subsidiary research and analysis techniques. The article begins with a tracing of relevant historical and archival contexts and concludes with an assessment of the organisation’s change management process and the efficacy of the organisational research agenda.
LICENÇA SOCIAL PARA OPERAR E IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Franco Cynthia Akemi Anno , Sampaio Carlos Danillo Cavalcante , Almeida Maria Rita Raimundo e
Published: March 2020

Licença Social para Operar (LSO) é uma percepção da comunidade e sua aceitabilidade em relação a uma empresa e suas operações locais. Essa espécie de autorização informal fornecida pela sociedade à empresa tem se mostrado importante, uma vez que ambos saem ganhando: a população local, ao se sentir inserida na empresa e em tomadas decisões, e a empresa, em termos de confiança e aceitação para que esta inicie ou continue com suas atividades. A fim de contribuir para futuros trabalhos e discussões, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática com o objetivo de analisar como a literatura tem tratado o tema. A procura pelos trabalhos foi feita nas bases Scopus e Web of Science, sendo aplicados alguns critérios pré-estabelecidos para busca e triagem. Os resultados encontrados mostram que é um tema recente, com a maioria das publicações nos últimos 5 anos, sendo a metodologia de estudo de caso a mais utilizada e sua aplicação voltada, principalmente, para empreendimentos de mineração. A Austrália se destacou tanto como o país de origem das instituições de maior parte dos primeiros autores como dos estudos de caso trabalhados. A literatura retrata que a prática da LSO tem enfrentado desafios, como a distância entre teoria e prática, devido a contextos mutáveis, e o perigo de que a ferramenta seja usada de forma equivocada, não trazendo benefícios à comunidade. Assim, o tema LSO mostra-se emergente nas pesquisas científicas e significativo para os pesquisadores, sendo a revisão sistemática realizada relevante para pesquisas futuras.
The Effect of Risks on Tourists’ Travel Decision Choices in Durban, South Africa
Authors: NDLOVU JORAM , Phoofolo Taemane
Published: March 2020

Tourism is an important economic sector in many countries worldwide. Many governments are placing a higher priority on tourism development because it leads to increased foreign exchange income and creates employment opportunities. However, the tourism sector is prone to both natural and human-made crises and risks, which invariably affect the functionality, sustainability, and competitiveness of a destination. The purpose of this paper is to provide an empirical analysis of the tourists’ perceptions of crises and risks affecting the tourism sector in Durban. The paper used a mixed-method through the use of surveys and direct interviews with a sample of local, regional, and international tourists and key informants in the tourism sector within Durban. The results show that the level of risks in the city is perceived to be high and was found to have a significant impact on destination decision- choices. First-time visitors might be discouraged by mediatised risks. However, repeat visitors were likely to visit Durban since they were more conversant with the local conditions. Domestic tourists were likely to visit the destination since they have various mechanisms at their disposal to deal with perceived risks than first-time visitors. Furthermore, the results indicated that tourists are resilient to negative media coverage of risks. The study concludes that several factors influence the image of a destination, so tourist visitation cannot be affected by crises and risks alone. The study recommends a multi-pronged strategy to mitigate the impact of crises and risks on the destinations.

Keywords: Risks, Destination sustainability, Destination Competitiveness
A leitura das horas no material didático do projeto Educação Matemática nos anos iniciais
Authors: Pommer Wagner Marcelo , Rezende Mariana Chiccolli Pereira de
Published: March 2020

Esta pesquisa objetivou verificar se, como e em que medida as atividades do material didático denominado Projeto EMAI promovem condições para o aprendizado da leitura de horas no 1º ano do ciclo inicial do Ensino Fundamental. O referencial teórico se situou na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (Brasil, 2017) e na proposta construtivista. A pesquisa documental verificou que as duas atividades didáticas propostas no projeto EMAI possibilitaram a mobilização de conhecimentos cotidianos e conteúdos procedimentais, o que pode acessar a zona de desenvolvimento proximal dos alunos (Vygotsky, 1984; 1987). Observamos a quase ausência da História da Matemática como suporte didático e o favorecimento dos conteúdos conceituais, conforme Coll (1996), em detrimento de atividades de essência manipulativa.
RETORNOS À ESCALA E MERCADO COMPETITIVO: TEORIA E EVIDÊNCIAS EMPÍRICAS.
Authors: Alves Eliseu
Published: March 2020

Em nível elementar, mas rigoroso, desenvolve-se o conceito de retornos àescala. Argumenta-se que retornos crescentes ou constantes não são compatíveis com aexistência de mercados competitivos, pois se convergiria para um número pequeno deempresas, o que contradiz o mundo observado. A tese é que a curva de custo médiotenha forma de U. À direita do mínimo, prevalecem retornos crescentes, no mínimoretornos constantes, e à direita, retornos decrescentes. Em regime de competição, livrede imperfeições de mercado, a firma converge para o ramo de retorno crescente. Quando,no mundo real, se detecta retorno crescente ou constante, tem-se um sinal claro queas firmas estão enfrentando restrições devidas a imperfeições de mercado, as quais asimpedem de mover para o ramo de retornos decrescentes da curva de custo médio. Poristo, os resultados de modelos econométricos que detectam retornos crescentes ouconstantes devem levar o estudioso a indagar quais imperfeições de mercado fundamentamesses retornos. Além disso, o conhecimento das imperfeições de mercado é básicoà formulação de políticas econômicas que visem ao desenvolvimento econômico, numcontexto de oportunidades iguais para todo. Os dados disponíveis cobriram seis culturase mostraram um padrão de muitos produzindo muito pouco, e de poucos produzindomuito, padrão mais visível nas culturas modernas, como a soja. Os resultados revistosde um modelo econométrico indicaram que o grupo mal sucedido, de dois grupos depequenos produtores, tem retornos crescentes à escala e não pode expandir a produção,dadas as restrições.
DETERMINANTES DO DESMATAMENTO EM PEQUENAS PROPRIEDADES NA AMAZÔNIA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO EM URUARÁ-PA.
Authors: Pereira Ritaumaria de J. , Vieira Wilson da Cruz , De Lima João Eustáquio , Caldas Marcellus Marques
Published: March 2020

Este trabalho analisou os determinantes do desmatamento em pequenaspropriedades na Amazônia, em uma área de colonização localizada ao longo da rodoviaTransamazônica, no município de Uruará - PA. Foram aplicados 138 questionários naárea de estudo, durante os meses de julho e agosto de 2002. Estimou-se um modeloTobit com seletividade amostral, utilizando o método de Heckman, em dois estágios,visando corrigir possíveis problemas de viés e inconsistência existentes nas estimativaspor MQO. Os resultados encontrados sugerem que os principais determinantes dodesmatamento possam ser a distância da estrada principal e o número de diárias pagasno período de um ano, os quais foram significativos a 1% e 5%, respectivamente. Apresença da pecuária foi também importante para determinar as chances de ocorrerdesmatamento na região estudada.
O PENSAMENTO DIRETIVO DAS COOPERATIVAS DA AGROINDÚSTRIA CANAVIEIRA DO PARANÁ À GUISA DA NOVA ECONOMIA INSTITUCIONAL.
Authors: Marschall Clédio Roberto , Rissardi Júnior Darcy Jacob , De Lima Denise Pastore , Assis Shikida Pery Francisco
Published: March 2020

Este estudo sobre o pensamento diretivo das cooperativas da agroindústriacanavieira do Paraná objetiva resgatar os conceitos da Nova Economia Institucional einvestigar o nível de tratamento da direção das cooperativas dado à questão dos custosde transação, formas de administração dos contratos, bem como às formas de governançaque regem o segmento cooperativo agroindustrial canavieiro. O que se busca, nestetrabalho, é explorar os aspectos comuns, pontos de tangência que podem trazer elementosúteis à aplicação da ciência das organizações e das instituições ao estudo das cooperativasda agroindústria canavieira.
Wind Turbine and Turbomachinery Computational Analysis with the ALE and Space-Time Variational Multiscale Methods and Isogeometric Discretization
Authors: Bazilevs Yuri , Takizawa Kenji , Tezduyar Tayfun E. , Hsu Ming-Chen , Otoguro Yuto , Mochizuki Hiroki , Wu Michael C.H.
Published: March 2020

The challenges encountered in computational analysis of wind turbines and turbomachinery include turbulent rotational flows, complex geometries, moving boundaries and interfaces, such as the rotor motion, and the fluid-structure interaction (FSI), such as the FSI between the wind turbine blade and the air. The Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) and Space-Time (ST) Variational Multiscale (VMS) methods and isogeometric discretization have been effective in addressing these challenges. The ALE-VMS and ST-VMS serve as core computational methods. They are supplemented with special methods like the Slip Interface (SI) method and ST Isogeometric Analysis with NURBS basis functions in time. We describe the core and special methods and present, as examples of challenging computations performed, computational analysis of horizontal and vertical-axis wind turbines and flow-driven This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
Factores explicativos de la demanda municipal de agua y efectos en el bienestar de la política tarifaria. Una aplicación a la cuenca del Segura
Authors: Tobarra-González Miguel Ángel
Published: March 2020

In this article urban water demand is analyzed using data of 42 municipalities located in the Segura River Basin for the period 2000-2006. The econometric approach shows that price, income and population are the most important variables for explaining urban water demand changes. Water tariffs achieve moderate savings due to the price inelastic behavior of demand (-0,4). This is typical of necessary goods without substitutes. Calculus made shows that the increment in tariffs, necessary to reduce 10% consumption, means a consumer surplus reduction between 8 and 9,5 euros per person (and year). There is also a minimum of water consumption in homes, 84 litres per capita per day that cannot be affected by tariffs. Income and population increments have deeper impact than price for explaining changes in urban water demand. Predictions about these variables are major for a proper hydraulic management.
PROFITABILITAS, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, KINERJA LINGKUNGAN, PERTUMBUHAN PENJUALAN DAN LEVERAGE PADA PENGUNGKAPAN ISLAMIC CORPORATE SOCIAL REPORTING
Authors: Fitranita Vika , Wijayanti Indah Oktari
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of profitability, company size, environmental performance, sales growth and leverage on the disclosure of Islamic Corporate Social Reporting. The population in this study are all companies listed on the Sharia Securities List during 2016-2018. The sample is determined by purposive sampling technique so that and data are analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the partial test results show that profitability has no significant effect on the disclosure of Islamic Corporate Social Reporting (ICSR). Company size has no significant effect on the disclosure of Islamic Corporate Social Reporting (ICSR). The company's sales growth has no significant effect on the disclosure of Islamic Corporate Social Reporting (ICSR). The company's environmental performance has a significant effect on the disclosure of Islamic Corporate Social Reporting (ICSR) and leverage has a significant effect on the disclosure of Islamic Corporate Social Reporting (ICSR).
The phenomenon of flow state in the motivation of computer gamers
Authors: Artamonova Viktoriia
Published: March 2020

In examination of reason why people play videogames, multiple authors lean on the theory proposed by the Professor of Psychology Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi – the concept of flow (flow state). The author is known for his research in the area of happiness, creativity and subjective wellbeing. The so-called “effect of immersion” is described by complete absorption and endeavor to success. Presence in the flow state is not limited by a specific sphere or process; it is applied to all fields of activity that an individual is involved in. The article provides a definition to the concept of “flow”, indicated the main conditions and characteristics of flow state, as well as explores the model of flow state. The relevance of studying motivation of computer games is reflected. Motivational qualities of the users within the framework of the “flow” concept are outlined. The author analyzes the case of a gamer who attempt to improve his skills in videogame, with consideration of results of the process depending on correlation “capabilities / complexity of the task”. The types of motivation of computer gamers are determined.
ANALISIS AGRIBISNIS SAPI POTONG DI KABUPATEN SIAK PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Nurkhadijah Nurkhadijah , Hadi Syaiful , Maharani Evy
Published: March 2020

The study aimed to analyze the influence of each subsystem on the income of farmers and between each sub-system is itself on beef cattle farms in Siak. The study was conducted in 4 (four) districts in Siak District of Kerinci Kanan, Lubuk Dalam, Dayun and Koto Gasib using simple random sample selection method. Total sample in this study were 100 breeders. Data were analyzed by scoring and path analysis (path analysis). Path analysis results indicate that the up-stream subsystem to the farmer’s income. The influence between the subsystem they are as follows: Subsystems supporting institutions affecting the entire subsystem of agribusiness, marketing subsystem affect up-stream subsystem, on-farm subsystem, and down-stream subsystem agribusiness, up-stream subsystem to the on-farm agribusiness, on-farm subsystem to down-stream agribusiness. The conclusion of the research indicated that the implementation of beef cattle subsystem agribusiness had an adequate index and give positive effect to the farmer’s income.
PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis gueneensis Jacq) DI PEMBIBITAN UTAMA (MAIN NURSERY) PADA MEDIUM SUBSOIL ULTISOL YANG DIAPLIKASIKAN AMELIORAN ANORGANIK DAN ORGANIK
Authors: Abadi Fauzan , Nelvia Nelvia
Published: March 2020

The research aims to study the effect of inorganic and organic ameliorant dressing on ultisol subsoil medium on the growth of oil palm (Elaeis gueneensis Jacq)seedling in the main nursery. The research was conducted at greenhouse AgricultureFaculty, Riau University Pekanbaru from June to November 2016.The experiment in form factorial using Completely Randomized Design (CRD).The first-factor is an organic ameliorant ei.fly ash and dregs consist of 4 levels (without ameliorant, 50 g fly ash, 50 g dregs and 25 fly ash + 25 dregs per polybag). The second factor is organic ameliorant ei.cocopeat and oil palm empty fruit bunches compost (OPEFBC)consist of 6 levels (without ameliorant, 100 g cocopeat, 100 g OPEFBC, 50 g cocopeat + 50 g OPEFBC, 100 g cocopeat + 50 g OPEFBC and 50 g cocopeat + 100 g OPEFBC per polybag). The parameters observed were the addition of plant height, number of leaves, a diameter of the stump, length of leaf midrib and leaves. The results showed that the combination of 50 g dregs/polybag with 100 g OPEFBC/polybag increased the plant height and combination of 25 g fly ash + 25 g dregs with 50 g cocopeat + 50 OPEFBC increased diameter of stump and length of leaf midrib significantly compared to without ameliorant, but non significantly compared to another combination.