bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN PROYEK PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MINIHIDRO (PLTM) MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE RETCSREEN (STUDI KASUS PADA PLTM SIMALUNGUN, SUMATERA UTARA)
Authors: Rossaty Ria
Published: January 2021

Percepatanpembangunantenagalistrikyang berkelanjutandidasariatas meningkatnya pertumbuhan ekonomidan laju perkembangan industrisuatunegara. Mempercepatsumber dayaenergi,pasar energijuga diserahkankepadaperusahaan swasta.Dalampasaryang kompetitif,mengembangkanproyeklistriktenagaair membutuhkanbanyakuang danwaktu sertakeahliandibidangteknikterutamauntuk pembuatanstudikelayakan.Dalammembantuparapengembang membuatpenilaian awal dari kelayakan teknisdan kelayakanekonomis, pengembanganalat kom- puterisasiRETScreen sangatdibutuhkan. Penelitian inibertujuanuntukmengetahui kelayakanpada tiga lokasialternatif potensiPLTM Simalungunterutama dari aspek teknis dan aspek ekonomidengan menggunakanSoftware RETScreen. Hasilanalisis menunjukkanbahwaditinjaudariaspekteknis,kapasitasterpasang terbesarterdapat pada PLTM Simalungun1yaitu6,202MW, Simalungun3memilikikapasitasterbaik keduayaitu 5,626 MWdan selanjutnya Simalungun 2yaitu 3,985MW. Secara keseluruhan untuk produksi energi tahunandihasilkan sesuai dengan kapasitas terpasang,  semakin  besar  kapasitas  terpasang  maka  menghasilkan  produksi  energi yang   lebih   besar   yaitu   6,202   MW   menghasilkan   52,965   GWh;   5,626   MW menghasilkan48,161GWhdan3,985MW menghasilkan34,033GWh.Ditinjau dari aspekekonomisbahwaestimasibiaya didasarkandenganpanjangpenstockdan waterwaysertadayayang terpasang,didapatestimasi>USD11.000.000 denganrata- rataUSD2.200.000/MW.Total biayatahunan>USD1.600.000 dantotal simpanan/masukkantahunanmenguntungkanbagipihak swasta>USD2.000.000. Kelayakan  Finansial  menunjukkan  Net  Present    Value  (NPV)  >  USD  6.000.000, BenefitCostRatio  (BCR)>2,8,Internal RateofReturn(IRR)>11%  denganperiode kembali3–9 tahun. Dari berbagaiaspek teknis,ekonomidan lingkungan PLTM Simalungun1adalah alternatif terbaikdanmenjadiprioritas,alternatifkedua terbaik adalah Simalungun 3 dankemudian Simalungun 2. Kata Kunci: Kelayakan,Minihidro, RETScreen.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENENTUAN JUMLAH PRODUKSI MENGGUNAKAN METODE FUZZY TSUKAMOTO
Authors: Taufiq Rohmat
Published: January 2021

Industri konveksi baju adalah suatu perusahaan yang menghasilkan pakaian jadi seperti pakaian wanita, pakaian pria, pakaian anak – anak, pakaian olahraga maupun pakaian – pakaian politik. Industri konveksi bisa dibilang perusahaan yang sedang karena tenaga kerjanya masih dibilang sedikit. Ketidak-stabilannya pemesanan yang tinggi pada waktu tertentu dan rendah pada waktu tertentu mengakibatkan sulitnya menentukan jumlah produksi yang tepat. Ketidaktepatan jumlah produksi sangat berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kerugian yang diakibatkan kurangnya pekerja, karena jumlah produksi barang yang terlalu rendah ataupun berlebihan. Masalah ini bisa diselesaikan dengan mengembangkan sebuah aplikasi dalam sistem pendukung keputusan. Adapun teknik yang dapat diterapkan dalam mengembangkan sistem pendukung keputusan ini adalah fuzzy Tsukamoto. Aplikasi ini diterapkan dalam menentukan jumlah produksi, dengan variabel permintaan, pekerja dan produksi. Setiap variabel terdiri dari dua himpunan yang di kombinasikan hingga diperoleh sembilan aturan fuzzy, yang selanjutnya digunakan dalam tahap inferensi. Pada tahap inferensi, dicari nilai keanggotaan anteseden (α) dan nilai perkiraan jumlah produksi (z) dari setiap aturan. Jumlah barang yang akan diproduksi (Z) dicari dengan metode defuzzifikasi rata-rata terpusat. Dalam penelitian ini dibuktikan dengan tabel perbandingan antara perhitungan manual dengan perhitungan sistem, dan didapatkan hasil persentase kebenaran dari sistem ini adalah sebesar 96%.
RANCANGAN APLIKASI “TEGAR” PENDETEKSI TEMPE SEGAR
Authors: PERMANA ANGGA ADITYA
Published: January 2021

Tempe sebagai salah satu makanan khas Indonesia Indonesia sudah menjadi bagian yang tak terpisahkan dari pola makan sehari-hari. Kesegaran tempe menjadi salah satu indikator penilaian kualitas tempe, karena masa simpan tempe yang tergolong singkat. Penyimpanan tempe pada suhu ruang memungkinkan terjadinya pertumbuhan bakteri dan perubahan struktur kimia dari makanan. Deteksi tingkat kesegaran tempe masih dilakukan secara manual menggunakan indera penglihatan. Teknologi penentuan tempe segar berbasis dekstop membantu diagnosis, pemantauan serta analisis makanan terutama tempe. Perancangan aplikasi “TEGAR” penentu tempe segar dilakukan dalam beberapa tahap meliputi pengambilan data dan pengembangan sistem berdasarkan implementasi image processing dan machine learning untuk mendeteksi tingkat kesegaran dan kualitas tempe.  Keywords: Kesegaran, Pengolahan Citra Digital, Tempe.
ANALISIS DAN DESAIN SISTEM INFORMASI PROGRAM RUJUK BALIK (PRB) OBAT DI BPJS KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Taufiq Rohmat , NURAINI FITRIA , YANUARDI YANUARDI
Published: January 2021

BPJS Kesehatan merupakan penyelenggara program jaminan sosial di bidang kesehatan. BPJS Kesehatan telah menerapkan aplikasi apotek online, Pada era JKN apotek dapat berperan sebagai apotek program rujuk balik (PRB) atau apotek jejaring dan apotek klinik pertama. Aplikasi Apotek Online adalah salah satu program unggulan guna meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan serta memudahkan akses pelayanan kesehatan kepada pasien yang memakai JKN-KIS. Pelayanan Obat Rujuk Balik adalah pemberian obat-obatan untuk penyakit kronis di Faskes Tingkat Pertama sebagai bagian dari program pelayanan rujuk balik. Proses penagihan biaya obat di apotek online yaitu obat apotek program rujuk balik diklaim langsung ke BPJS Kesehatan. Dalam menganalisa sistem yang berjalan digunakan metode analisa dan penggambaran sistem menggunakan UML (Unified Modelling Language) dan dalam pengumpulan data digunakan metode wawancara dan observasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah hasil analisis berupa masukan-masukan tentang aplikasi sistem informasi yang nantinya bisa digunakan untuk memudahkan proses pengembangan sistem informasi berbasis web yang sudah ada. Kata Kunci: BPJS Kesehatan, Apotek Online, Program Rujuk Balik, UML
On Bergman-type spaces in tubular domains over symmetric cones
Authors: Shamoyan Romi
Published: January 2021

Some properties of new Bergman-type integral operators on product of the tube domains are obtained.
An integral condition in tube to get atomic-type decomposition in multifunctional analytic Bergman spaces in tube domains over symmetric cones are provided.
IRF9 is a differentially expressed gene in human metastatic breast cancer, in the brain and in the lymph nodes.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that interferon regulatory factor 9, encoded by IRF9, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain and lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. IRF9 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of IRF9 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of IRF9 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain while evading immune clearance in the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. These data are one piece of evidence suggesting a common ancestor or tumor clone for brain and lymph node metastases that originate from the primary tumor, alluding to patterns in developmental origin and migratory pathways through the lymph node in human brain metastatic breast cancer.
A review of a motion model construction and simulation method for multi-level and multi-dimensional dynamic systems
Authors: Yang Guoxin
Published: January 2021

On October 21, 2020, the invention “A multi-level and multi-dimensional dynamic system motion model construction and simulation method” was accepted by the State Intellectual Property Office of China. Through the construction and simulation of the motion model of a multi-level and multi-dimensional dynamic system, the motion trajectory of the motion factors in each dynamic system is nested and substituted into the next dynamic subsystem to establish the motion trajectory of the motion factors in its dynamic subsystem. Until the dynamic trajectory model of the motion factors in the minimum dynamic subsystem is obtained, the motion model of a multi-level and multi-dimensional dynamic system is constructed, which reveals the motion law that can unify the microscopic particles and all the motion factors in the macroscopic universe. Multiple dynamic systems are entangled systems. If the entanglement properties are obtained not by ``absolutely simultaneous'' measurements of the entangled particles, it just proves that there is no non-local hyper-distance action.
MPS Kekhawatiran Orang Tua Terhadap Pembelajaran Online dimasa Pandemi.
Authors: Firmansyah Angga
Published: January 2021

Topik penelitian mata kuliah Metodologi penelitian Sosial universitas islam negeri raden fatah palembang.
Literatur Review Sri Dwi A1
Authors: Dewi Sri
Published: January 2021

media pembelajaran sejarah yang berbasis teknologi informasi. Dengan membahas konsep media pembelajaran sejarah, prinsip aplikasi pembuatan media pembekajaran sejarah berbasis teknologi informasi, dan bagaimana merancang media pembelajaran sejarah berbasis teknologi informasi.
CHỈ SỐ NĂNG LỰC CẠNH TRANH CẤP HUYỆN CỦA TỈNH LÀO CAI NĂM 2016 (BÁO CÁO DCI 2016)
Authors: AISDL
Published: January 2021

DCI 2016CHỈ SỐ NĂNG LỰC CẠNH TRANH CẤP HUYỆN CỦA TỈNH LÀO CAI - NĂM 2016Cải thiện chất lượng điều hành kinh tế vì Lào Cai thịnh vượng
Istiqamah_A1_Laporan Literatur Review
Authors: Istiqamah
Published: January 2021

media pembelajaran sangatlah penting bagi kehidupan sehari-hari yang dapat membantu tenaga pendidik ataupun peserta didik dalam melakukan proses pembelajaran secara langsung ataupun tidak langsung. Media pembelajaran merupakan jenis komponen dalam lingkungan peserta didik untuk dapat melakukan proses belajar. Media pendidikan adalah metode atau alat yang dipakai yang dapat berguna lebih mengektifkan komunikasi, interaksi antara peserta didik dengan tenaga pendidik dalam melakukan proses pembelajaran.
Age and education moderate the relationship between confidence in health and political authorities and intention to adopt COVID-19 health-protective behaviours
Authors: Mata Fernanda , Martins Pedro Saulo Rocha , Lopes-Silva Júlia Beatriz , Mansur-Alves Marcela , Saeri Alexander K , Grundy Emily , Slattery Peter , Smith A/Prof Liam
Published: January 2021

PurposeResponding to worldwide pandemics, such as the recent COVID-19, requires the general public to comply with recommended health-protective behaviours at early stages of the spread of the virus. MethodologyThe current study of 1,211 Australians aimed to investigate whether confidence in political and health authorities predicted intention to adopt health-protective measures. We also investigated whether age, gender and education level moderated the relationship between confidence in authorities and adoption of health-protective behaviours. FindingsConfidence in authorities predicted intention to stay home among respondents younger than 54 years old. Confidence in authorities also predicted intention to download the COVIDSafe app, and this was significantly stronger among better educated and older respondents. Although confidence did not predict intention to wear a face mask, the interaction between confidence and education predicted adherence to mask-wearing recommendations. ValueOur findings can inform the development of targeted communications to increase health-protective behaviours at early stages of future pandemics.
Anotasi Bibliografi Penggunaan Smartphone Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Sejarah
Authors: Prasetyo Dimas Bagas
Published: January 2021

Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Sejarah, Smartphone berperan penting untuk siswa/siswi untuk mempelajari Sejarah. Karena mereka tidak hanya berpaku pada buku dan literatur-literatur sejarah yang biasanya sangat tebal sementara minat baca masih sangat sedikit disini. Smartphone juga berfungsi sebagai sumber informasi dengan munculnya mesin pencarian Google. Siswa/siswi dengan mudah dapat mencari informasi seputar Sejarah dari sana yang informasinya tergolong lumayan akurat walaupun tidak semua informasi dari sana 100% akurat maka dari itu siswa/siswi juga harus membaca buku-buku seputar sejarah agar tidak terpaku pada Google saja.
Laporan Literatur Review_Manzilina_A2
Authors: Manzilina
Published: January 2021

Tugas Mata Kuliah Media Pembelajaran Sejarah Manzilina
Istiqamah_A1_Anotasi Bibliografi
Authors: Istiqamah
Published: January 2021

Media pembelajaran yang dipergunakan dalam proses belajar sangat membantu bagi guru dan siswa dalam menyampaikan informasi dan menerima informasi yang telah diberikan pada era teknologi informasi yang berkembang sangat pesat dan cepat. Media yang dipergunakan dalam melakukan proses pembelajaran merupakan sesuatu yang dapat menyampaikan informasi atau memberikan pesan dari suatu sumber yang secara terencana dan tepat sehingga terciptanya lingkungan yang kondusif dimana penerima sumber tersebut dapat melakukan kegiatan pembelajaran secara efektif dan efisien dalam prose pembelajaran berlangsung.
PFDN6 is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the prefoldin subunit 6, encoded by PFDN6, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. PFDN6 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of PFDN6 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival. Modulation of PFDN6 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Tugas Anotasi Bibliografi_Manzilina_A2
Authors: Manzilina
Published: January 2021

Tugas Mata Kuliah Media Pembelajaran Sejarah Manzilina A2
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 (PDK2) is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2, encoded by PDK2, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. PDK2 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of PDK2 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival. Modulation of PDK2 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Early visual deprivation does not prevent the emergence of basic numerical abilities in blind children.
Authors: Crollen Virginie , Warusfel Hélène , Noël Marie-Pascale , Collignon Olivier
Published: January 2021

Studies involving congenitally blind adults demonstrated that visual experience is not a mandatory prerequisite for the emergence of efficient numerical abilities. It remains however unknown whether blind adults developed lifelong strategies to compensate for the absence of foundations vision would provide in infancy. We therefore assessed basic numerical abilities in blind and sighted children of 6 to 13 years old. We also assessed verbal and spatial working memory abilities and their relationship with mental arithmetic in both groups. Blind children showed similar or better numerical abilities as compared to the sighted. Blind children also outperformed their sighted peers in every task assessing verbal working memory and demonstrated a similar spatial span. The correlation between arithmetic and the spatial sketchpad was affected by the group while the correlations between arithmetic and the other two components (the central executive and the phonological loop) were not affected by early visual experience. Our data suggest that early blindness does not impair the development of basic numerical competencies in children but influences the associations between arithmetic and some working memory components.
The Utility of Parent-Report Screening Tools in Differentiating Autism vs. ADHD in School-age Children
Authors: Guttentag Sara , Bishop Somer , Doggett Rebecca , Shalev Rebecca , Kaplan Megan , Dyson Margaret , Cohen Morgan , Lord Catherine , di Martino Adriana
Published: January 2021

Symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often co-occur, challenging timely and accurate diagnosis. We assessed the performance of three parent-report measures in discriminating ASD from ADHD without ASD (ADHDw/oASD) in school-age verbally fluent children. We examined the Autism Symptom Interview (ASI) School-Age and two widely used parent questionnaires: Social Responsiveness Scale-2nd Edition (SRS-2) and Social Communication Questionnaire-Lifetime (SCQ-L). Receiver operating characteristic curves assessed each instrument’s performance against the best-estimate clinician DSM-5 diagnosis of ASD or of ADHDw/oASD (n=74, n=102, respectively; 6-11 years). These yielded moderate accuracies: AUC=0.85, 0.79, 0.78 for SCQ-L, ASI, SRS-2, respectively. AUC pairwise comparisons reached our statistical significance (p<0.01) for the SCQ-L vs. the SRS-2. Within instruments, sensitivity and specificity varied across ASD cutoffs. Along with the between-instrument variability, this indicates that clinicians and researchers have valid options, depending on the settings and their goals. Comparing children correctly and incorrectly classified as ASD showed no differences in demographics, intellectual abilities, nor in any specific clinical profile(s), except for the degree of parent concerns across ASD- and comorbid psychopathology-related symptoms. Together, results suggest that complementing parent screeners with multiple sources may be needed to best differentiate school-age verbally fluent children with ASD vs. ADHDw/oASD.
Effects of Preschool Teachers’ Training and Practice on The Attitudes Toward Giftedness
Authors: Blanuša Jelena , Barzut Vesna , Krstić Dijana , Hilčenko Slavoljub
Published: January 2021

This study examined effect of preschool teachers’ training and practice on the attitudes toward giftedness. Attitudes toward gifted were measured by "Opinions about the gifted and their education". Total of 163 participants took part in the study (41 preschool teachers; 67 students and 55 sport trainer students)Result of MANOVA showed no significant difference between three groups, while univariate results showed differences on Needs and support (F(2,160)=7.71, p<0.01) and Social value (F(2,160)=3.08, p<0.05) scales, where they were most valued by preschool teachers, then by students, and least valued by sport students. Explanation could be that teachers learn to value the gifted during education and practice. Prejudices and rejection of the gifted, remain moderately high and unaffected by education.
Пёрышком по коже: оценка зависимости субъективных ощущений от характера тактильного стимула
Authors: Varlamov Anton , Ionova Svetlana , Gorbacheva Alexandra , Ivanova Maria , Semirechenko Alexei , Osadchiy Mikhail
Published: January 2021

К настоящему времени накопилось множество свидетельств важности социальных тактильных контактов и прикосновений близких людей для социального и психоэмоционального благополучия человека на протяжении всей его жизни. Открытие С-тактильной системы, обеспечивающей возникновение безусловных положительных эмоций при нежных медленных прикосновениях к коже человека, помогло установить нейробиологическую основу эмоциональных аспектов тактильного восприятия, а последующие исследования показали, что нарушения тактильного восприятия и негативное отношение к прикосновениям других людей могут играть важную роль в развитии эмоциональных и социальных нарушений. Несмотря на то, что ощущения щекотки, вызываемые очень легкими прикосновениями (книсмесис), могут играть значительную роль в формировании тактильной дефензивности, эта область остается фактически неизученной. Настоящая статья посвящена исследованию субъективных ощущений, возникающих при восприятии поглаживаний мягкой кистью с небольшим или умеренным усилием, предъявляемых с использованием установки роботизированной тактильной стимуляции. В исследовании приняло участие 86 респондентов в возрасте от 11 до 59 лет (16 мужчин, 70 женщин). Статистический анализ данных показал, что при восприятии тактильных стимулов наблюдалось значительное преобладание позитивных эмоциональных ощущений (44-49% для различных стимулов), хотя отдельные испытуемые сообщали о возникновении отрицательных эмоций (5-8%). Установлено, что характер ощущений зависит от силы воздействия при поглаживании: малая сила чаще связана с ощущениями щекотки (до 62%), а умеренная сила чаще ассоциируется с положительными эмоциями, нежностью, лаской и заботой. Вопреки ожиданиям, для стимулов наименьшей силы, которые описывались как щекотные, положительная оценка также преобладала над отрицательной, кроме того, значительная часть респондентов (22%) отмечала высокую интенсивность возникающих ощущений или высокий уровень возбуждения и эмоциональной активации. Результаты данного исследования позволяют выделить эмоциональные и сенсорные характеристики, ключевые для ощущений, связанных с легкой щекоткой.
The Mechanism of Filler Items in the Response Time Concealed Information Test
Authors: Lukács Gáspár , Ansorge Ulrich
Published: January 2021

The Response Time Concealed Information Test (RT-CIT) can reveal that a person recognizes a relevant (probe) item among other, irrelevant items, based on slower responding to the probe compared to the irrelevant items. Therefore, if this person is concealing the knowledge about the relevance of this item (e.g., recognizing it as a murder weapon), this deception can be unveiled. Adding familiarity-related filler items to the task has been shown to substantially increase the validity of the method, but assumptions for this effect have never been tested before. In the present series of three experiments (N = 511), we tested several factors, most of which were found to indeed influence the enhancing effects of fillers. First, larger enhancement is achieved when a smaller proportion of fillers shares the response key with the target. Second, familiarity context does play a role in the enhancement, and the target sharing its response key with the familiarity-referring fillers leads to larger enhancement. Third, mere symbolic fillers (such as simple arrow-like characters) also lead to enhancement, but filler words without task-relevant meaning are not effective. Fourth, small visual differences (lettercase or underlining) between fillers and the rest of the items has no significant influence. All this provides justification for the original structure of the fillers and also demonstrates that the enhancement is highly generalizable: Fillers have a potential to improve the RT-CIT regardless of deception scenario, item types, or the examinee's language comprehension.
Morally Homogeneous Networks and Radicalism
Authors: Atari Mohammad , Davani Aida Mostafazadeh , Kogon Drew , Kennedy Brendan , Saxena Nripsuta Ani , Anderson Ian Axel , Dehghani Morteza
Published: January 2021

Online radicalization is among the most vexing challenges the world faces today. Here, we demonstrate that homogeneity in moral concerns results in increased levels of radical intentions. In Study 1, we find that in Gab—a right-wing extremist network—the degree of moral convergence within a cluster predicts the number of hate-speech messages members post. In Study 2, we replicate this observation in another extremist network, Incels. In Studies 3 to 5 (N = 1,431), we demonstrate that experimentally leading people to believe that others in their hypothetical or real group share their moral views increases their radical intentions as well as willingness to fight and die for the group. Our findings highlight the role of moral convergence in radicalization, emphasizing the need for diversity of moral worldviews within social networks.
A Study of Embodiment and Its Relations with Body Awareness and Empathy
Authors: Mou Cong
Published: January 2021

Objective: The embodiment theories have been an increasingly important perspective to understand the social mind, and the current study aims to demonstrate how embodiment is built up from the interoceptive states of the body and how it contributes to human empathy. Method: Forty-two participants with normal vision or corrected-to-normal vision completed the hand Laterality Judgement Task (LJT) and questionnaires on body awareness and empathy. Response accuracies and reaction times in LJT and self-report scores from body awareness and empathy quotient questionnaires were collected. Results: A Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed that body awareness scores correlated positively with empathy scores and a paired samples t-test showed that people who were self-described as having a white skin tone responded to hand stimuli of black skin tone more accurately than to hand stimuli of white skin tone. Conclusions: These findings suggest the important role of the awareness of internal body states in higher order social cognition, and that higher-level action simulation is a bidirectional process, as other mental representations. Limitations are discussed for the improvements in future studies.
Nature Engagement for Human and Nature’s Wellbeing during the Corona Pandemic.
Authors: Richardson Miles , Hamlin Iain
Published: January 2021

During the restrictions imposed to control the coronavirus pandemic people have visited and noticed nature more. Research into the human-nature relationship often considers how visits or time in nature are related to human wellbeing. Recently, the closeness of the human-nature relationship measured by nature connectedness, and built through noticing nature, has also been considered, although rarely in concert with nature visits. Further, the reciprocal benefits of pro-nature behaviours are often overlooked. Natural England’s People and Nature Survey (PANS) in the UK was conducted during the initial pandemic response and allows further analysis of these factors. Using PANS data we assessed a number of wellbeing outcomes (loneliness, life satisfaction, worthwhile life and happiness) and pro-nature behaviours as a function of longer-term physical time in nature and psychological connectedness to nature and shorter-term visits and noticing of nature. In a baseline analysis of longer-term factors nature connectedness and time in nature were both consistent significant predictors of wellbeing measures (apart from loneliness) and pro-nature conservation behaviours. Considered alone, without controlling for longer-term measures, short-term visits and noticing were again consistent and significant predictors of three wellbeing measures. There was also a weak significant association between increased noticing of nature and increased loneliness and recent visits to nature were not associated with pro-nature conservation behaviours. A combined regression highlighted the importance of a longer-term relationship with nature in all outcomes apart from loneliness, but also revealed that, even when considered in concert with longer-term factors, currently noticing nature had a role in feeling one’s life was worthwhile life, pro-nature behaviours and loneliness.
Where are Race, Ethnicity, and Culture in Personality Research?
Authors: Syed Moin
Published: January 2021

In recent years personality research has re-affirmed its status as what Revelle famously termed “the last refuge of the generalist.” Conceptualizing personality as consisting of traits, characteristic adaptations, and life stories, all of which must be understood in the context of biological and cultural foundations, provides a “big tent” to integrate nearly any aspect of psychology. And yet, this big tent has seemingly had little room for scholarship focused on race, ethnicity, and culture. This paper includes a brief discussion of five reasons why this has been the case: a) overstating the universality of traits, b) overstating the genetic basis of personality, c) hyper-focusing on dispositions, d) a compromising association with social psychology, and e) a weak approach to examining group differences. The paper concludes with some ideas for constructing a bigger, more inclusive tent.
A role for information theory in personality modeling, assessment, and judgment
Authors: Condon David M , Mõttus René
Published: January 2021

Claude Shannon’s groundbreaking work on information theory (Shannon, 1948a) was published just as the field of psychological testing was reaching its potential. Many of the fundamental underpinnings of psychological testing theory were proposed in this same era and the application of these ideas over the ensuing decades has greatly informed our understanding across numerous psychological domains, including individual differences in personality, cognitive abilities, interests, and much more. While the prospect of integrating information theory into psychological assessment was initially received with great enthusiasm, it was quickly and definitively dismissed by Lee Cronbach (1955a), mainly on the grounds that it was incompatible with the practical demands of psychological testing (e.g., limited testing time, relatively small samples). In this chapter, we reconsider Cronbach’s rationale in light of recent technological advancements brought about by the “information age,” and propose that re-introducing information-theoretic approaches to psychological assessment can advance our knowledge of personality, person-perception, and personality assessment. We conclude by providing several examples of research applications that have already invoked an information theory approach to assessment.
Neural network modeling of altered facial expression recognition in autism spectrum disorders based on predictive processing framework
Authors: Takahashi Yuta , Murata Shingo , Idei Hayato , Tomita Hiroaki , Yamashita Yuichi
Published: January 2021

BackgroundThe mechanism underlying the emergence of emotional categories from visual facial expression information during the developmental process is largely unknown. Therefore, this study proposes a system-level explanation for understanding the facial emotion recognition process and its alteration in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from the perspective of predictive processing theory.MethodsPredictive processing for facial emotion recognition was implemented as a hierarchical recurrent neural network (RNN). The RNNs were trained to predict the dynamic changes of facial expression movies for six basic emotions without explicit emotion labels as a developmental learning process, and were evaluated by the performance of recognizing unseen facial expressions for the test phase. In addition, the causal relationship between the network characteristics assumed in ASD and ASD-like cognition was investigated.ResultsAfter the developmental learning process, emotional categories emerged in the natural course of self-organization in higher-level neurons, even though emotional labels were not explicitly instructed. In addition, the network successfully recognized unseen test facial sequences by adjusting higher-level activity through the process of minimizing precision-weighted prediction error. In contrast, the network simulating altered intrinsic neural excitability demonstrated reduced generalization capability and impaired emotional categorization in higher-level neurons. Consistent with previous findings from human behavioral studies, an excessive precision estimation of noisy details underlies this ASD-like cognition.ConclusionsThese results support the idea that impaired facial emotion recognition in ASD can be explained by altered predictive processing, and provide possible insight for investigating the neurophysiological basis of affective contact.
The Political Economy of Bureaucratic Overload: Evidence from Rural Development Officials in India
Authors: Dasgupta Aditya , Kapur Devesh
Published: January 2021

Government programs often fail on the ground because of poor implementation by local bureaucrats. Prominent explanations for poor implementation emphasize bureaucratic rent-seeking and capture. This article documents a different pathology that we term bureaucratic overload: local bureaucrats are often heavily under-resourced relative to their responsibilities. We advance a two-step theory explaining why bureaucratic overload is detrimental to implementation as well as why politicians under-invest in local bureaucracy, emphasizing a lack of electoral incentives. Drawing on a nationwide survey of local rural development officials across India, including time-usage diaries that measure their daily behavior, we provide quantitative evidence that (i) officials with fewer resources are worse at implementing rural development programs, plausibly because they are unable to allocate enough time to managerial tasks and (ii) fewer resources are provided in administrative units where political responsibility for implementation is less clear. The findings shed light on the political economy and bureaucratic behavior underpinning weak local state capacity.
COVID-19 associated discrimination in Germany: Realistic and symbolic threats
Authors: Dollmann Jörg , Kogan Irena
Published: January 2021

The contribution focusses on Covid-19 associated discrimination (CAD) in Germany and asks whether immigrants from Asian origin are increasingly discriminated against during the COVID-19 pandemic and whether other immigrant groups face similar threats. Using data from the COVID-19 add-on-survey for CILS4EU-DE (CILS4COVID), we demonstrate that immigrants from Asian origin report an increasing CAD during the pandemic, which is more pronounced for respondents residing in administrative districts with a more dynamic COVID-19 situation. Similar results can be found for respondents originating from both American continents and from countries of the former Soviet Union. Given that COVID-19 was first reported in Asia, but with rather low number of infections later on, and the rather high infection rates on both American continents and in Russia, we conclude that CAD experienced by these groups might happen in a reaction to both realistic and symbolic threats posed by the virus.
How the Russian Influence Operation on Twitter Weaponized Military Narratives
Authors: Weinberg Dana , Dawson Jessica , Edwards April
Published: January 2021

Since 2016, Russia has engaged in a dedicated influence operation against the United States to exacerbate existing cleavages in American society and to undermine US national security. Although distinctly modern in its use of social media platforms, the current methods align with old Soviet doctrine using information warfare to gain a strategic edge over competitors. We examine Russia’s use of military-related content and profiles in their influence operation on Twitter and, in particular, the strategic deployment of military narratives. Using data from Twitter’s comprehensive data archive of state-backed information operations, we find that 12.14% of the 1,408,712 tweets in English from 2009 through February 2021 contain military-related content. In addition, of the 2,370 fake accounts on Twitter tied to the IRA and GRU, 148 were from accounts posing as military or military-adjacent, and these accounts posted 12.7% of the influence operation’s tweets. Together, tweets containing military-related content or coming from fake military and military-adjacent profiles account for 22.6% of the tweets identified as part of the Russian influence operation on Twitter. The Russians used narratives related to veterans, particularly sacrifice narratives and post-Vietnam government betrayal of sacrifice narratives. Patriotic sacrifice narratives were used to gather and engage an audience and to legitimize and amplify the content and accounts. In contrast, betrayal of sacrifice narratives were weaponized to amplify and escalate divisive social issues by tying them to veterans’ sacrifices. We conclude the Russians amplified existing military narratives in American culture and used fake American military profiles to wrap anti-government sentiment in patriotic trappings to exacerbate existing social divisions. Turning Americans against their government achieves Russian strategic goals of removing American influence abroad and allowing Russia to have greater impact on the levers of international power that serve Russian interests.
Ethnographic approach to second life in education: a focus on technological difficulties
Authors: Sponsiello Marta , Gallego-Arrufat Maria Jesus
Published: January 2021

This paper moves from the data collected during an ethnographic research conducted in Second Life, focused on the observation of different technological difficulties in educational experiences. The main research interests focused on the social dynamics of educational experiences in Second Life and the opportunity to develop a proper research methodology. The main goal is to evaluate the educational experience in such a particular context through the stories of participants, therefore the most appropriate methodology for researching the subject has been considered to be ethnography. As result of the research, it is observed that an appropriate use of the available tools and the adoption of innovative teaching strategies can promote the improvement of the educational experience in online worlds. This paper suggests interesting elements from the analysis of the data collected, which may help to adopt an innovative point of view on ethnographic research in an online world in education.
Pattern of Visual Field Defects in Newly Diagnosed Primary Open Angle Glaucoma Patients Attending Tertiary Care Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Singh Pranisha , Rijal AP
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the location and pattern of visual field defects as measured by Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA 24-2) in newly diagnosed primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) attending tertiary care hospital. This was a cross sectional, descriptive study. One hundred and four eyes of 52 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria during one year were included. They were classified as mild, moderate and severe glaucoma according to severity. Paracentral scotoma in superotemporal and superonasal region was the most frequent visual field defect observed in mild glaucoma. Superior arcuate defect and double arcuate defect was commonly seen among moderate and severe stages of POAG respectively. There was a significant association between severity of glaucoma and pattern of visual field defect (p=0.000). The superior hemifield was affected twice more than the inferior hemifield in newly diagnosed cases of POAG.
Professional Attitudes Toward the Use of Denture Adhesives: A Survey among Nepalese Prosthodontists
Authors: Bhochhibhoya Amar , Rana SB , Sharma R
Published: January 2021

The dental profession has been slow to accept denture adhesive (DA) as a means to enhance denture retention and function which has produced conflicting views both in clinical practice and dental education. Many practitioners view adhesive usage as a reflection of lack of prosthetic expertise and poor clinical skills. A survey was conducted among Nepalese Prosthodontists to explore their attitudes towards DAs. A pre-tested, self-administered anonymous questionnaire consisting of 12 close-ended questions was mailed to the participants. Among all the respondents, 91.7% used DA as a beneficial adjunct to stabilize trial bases in the early stages of denture fabrication. However, only 41.3% of prosthodontists prescribed DA for routine denture patients. Majority of respondents prescribed powder form of adhesives (96.7%). Respondents believed that denture adhesives were helpful in stabilizing trial bases in the early stages of denture fabrication (80%), enhanced the fit of the prosthesis (81.7%) and provided psychologic comfort to the patient (91.7%). They agreed that denture adhesives have the potential to mask pathological tissue changes under ill-fitting dentures (65 %), to permit avoidance of good clinical practice (45%), and to contribute to patients not seeing a dentist for regular follow up visits (61.7%). It was concluded that DAs are a beneficial adjunct to the dentist in the fabrication of dentures. However, enough cautions are required for preventing potential misuses of DAs, by both dentists and patients. The efficient way to optimize the beneficial aspects of DA depends on its rational, selective, and supervised usage.
Analysis of Earthen Road Construction and Land Degradation in the Tankhuwakhola Watershed of Dhankuta District
Authors: Linkha Tika Ram , Rai Dil Kumar , Khatiwada Shambhu Prasad
Published: January 2021

Earthen road construction has resulted land degradation in the Tankhuwakhola watershed of Dhankuta district, eastern hills of Nepal. The community living near the highway has dramatically changed in their way of living with the adoption of commercial crops. As a result, the people who lived far from the access of roads have interested in the expansion of agricultural link roads to their community. The local government had prepared a District Transport Master Plan (DTMP) and identified 25 rural earthen road schemes in the Tankhuwakhola watershed. The local people have also given high priority to road construction for increasing access to markets, education, health services and other facilities. The analysis of both spatial and non-spatial data reveals that the watershed area losses 1.8 million cubic meter soils due to the cause of earthen road construction. As a result, the area is suffering from the problem of the landslide, soil erosion that ultimately result of land degradation. This paper concludes that the acceleration of land degradation has exerted to the sustainability of population-resource relation. The watershed area has been producing more profitable commercial crops for exporting outside from the hills since the construction of the Koshi highway. The watershed needs an integrated watershed management program to address human-induced vulnerability and sustainability of watershed resources.
Bacterial endophytes diversity of tree legumes from Argentina
Authors: Martinez Alcantara Virginia , Medina Rocio , Gauna Juan Marcelo , Balatti Pedro
Published: January 2021

The aim of this work was to isolate and characterize, based on microbiological as well as molecular markers, bacteria within nodules of three native trees species from South America: Poecilanthe parviflora Benth (Lapachillo), Vachellia caven (Molina) Seigler & Ebinger (Espinillo), and Enterolobium contortisiliquum (‎Vell.‎) ‎Morong (Timbó). In line with this, we isolated and characterized 15 bacteria from P. parviflora, 6 from V. caven and 1 from E. contortisiliquum. Among them we identified representatives of Bradyrhizobium sp. from E. contorsiliquum and P. parviflora, as well as of Ensifer sp. (Sinorhizobium) and Mesorhizobium sp. from V. caven. Also, other bacteria were found, like representatives of Bacillus sp., Microbacterium sp. and Curtobacterim sp., as well as Caulobacter sp., Dyella sp., Pseudomonas sp. and Enterobacter sp. Some of these isolates inhibited the growth of two fungal plant pathogens. So, nodules of these native legumes not only are occupied by highly diverse rhizobia but also by other bacteria that might promote plant growth.
The influence of temperature on the multimeric products formation by strand-displacement DNA polymerases in the conditions of isothermal amplification
Authors: Gilvanov A.R. , Sakhabutdinova A.R. , Garafutdinov R.R.
Published: January 2021

The nucleic acids amplification is one of the key methods for molecular biology research and clinical diagnostics. The isothermal amplification methods, for example rolling circle amplification, are a good alternative for a widely spread polymerase chain reaction. Strand-displacement DNA polymerases are required for isothermal amplification. In this work, we studied the influence of temperature on the formation of specific and non-specific amplification products by 9°Nm, Vent exo-, Hemo KlenTaq DNA polymerases during rolling circle amplification. The temperature values for the most effective formation of non-specific products and specific concatemeric products were determined. The obtained data will allow the development of more specific isothermal amplification methods with DNA polymerases used.
Experssion vectors for editing kafirin (k1C5, gKAF1) and ameiotic 1 genes in sorghum by agrobacterial transformation
Authors: Gerashchenkov G.A. , Elkonin L.A. , Rozhnova N.A.
Published: January 2021

One of the effective approach to improve the nutritional value of sorghum grains is the production of mutants with partially or completely blocked synthesis or the altered amino acid composition of spare proteins - kafirins. The usage of the genomic editing method allows to solve this problem by introducing mutations into the nucleotide sequences of the genes α- and γ-kafirins (k1C5 and gKAF1). Another important area in the genetics and selection of agricultural plants is the development and use of apomixis technologies to fix heterosis in F1 hybrids. The DYAD arabidopsis gene and its homolog ameiotic 1 are the potential apomixis candidate genes involved in the normal course of meiosis, the induction mutations in which is one of the way to solve this problem. In the course of research, the genomic targets (20 bp sequences) were selected to introduce mutations into the genes of α- and γ-kafirins of sorghum and ameiotic 1 gene through CRISPR/Cas genomic editing technology. Guide RNA design is performed using bioinformatic programs CRISPROR and CHOPCHOP. Cloning of the α- and γ- kafirins and ameiotic 1 targets of sorghum into vector pBAtC was carried out at sites AarI. Validation of the success of target cloning was performed by DNA sequencing. The created constructions were transferred by electroporation to the agrobacterial strain AGL0. Currently, the created vectors are used for the agrobacterial transformation of sorghum plants.