bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MEMBACA TEMA, MAKNA, SUASANA, DALAM ANTOLOGI AYAT-AYAT API SAPARDI DJOKO DAMONO
Authors: Sobariah Nova
Published: January 2022

This study aims to describe the inner structure, especially the theme, meaning, and atmosphere contained in the poetry anthology Ayat-Ayat Api by Sapardi Djoko Damono. The poetry anthology of Ayat-Ayat Api is a collection of selected poems in which there are poems set in the events of the New Order era. The method used by the author in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. The data collection technique used was literature, reading, taking notes, and document analysis in the form of the poetry book itself entitled Ayat-Ayat Api by Sapardi Djoko Damono which was published in 2017 by PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama Jakarta. The book has a thickness of 88 pages which is divided into three parts, namely Verse Zero, Verse Watches, and Ayat Api. Data taken from the poetry anthology Ayat-Ayat Api in the form of words, sentences, and poetry quotes that are the keywords of the poem. The results showed that the ten poems analyzed had various themes, meanings, and different atmospheres, including: 1) humanity, 2) social criticism, 3) hope, 4) anxiety, 5) death, 6) divinity, and 7) populist and democracy.
PENGGUNAAN MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING GUNA MENCIPTAKAN KEMANDIRIAN DAN KREATIVITAS PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Sunarto Muhammad Fikri , Amalia Nur
Published: January 2022

In teaching and learning activities, the learning model is an important part of the learning tools that must be prepared by the teacher before teaching. The available learning models also vary, according to their respective functions. One of the learning models that is widely used  is the Discovery Learning model. This learning model makes student more active, can think more critically, develop creativity, and also make student more independent. The Discovery Learning model makes student more involved in learning activities and teachers only as facilitators ini learning. That way, student can be more comfortable  and stimulated ini learning  by using this Discovery Learning model.
PERAN ORANGTUA TERHADAP AKTIVITAS PENDIDIKAN ANAK SELAMA PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH
Authors: Tiara Desicha  , Ansoriyah Siti
Published: January 2022

Parents have a very important role in the learning process of children during distance learning at this time, are also very instrumental in providing education and supervising their children who still do not understand about the pandemic who is at home so that they are not infected and endemic to remain silent at home. house so as not to contract and spread the covid-19 virus. Parents who study at home are very effective to implement, but that does not mean learning at school is no more effective than learning activities at home. The purpose of this study was to see the role of parents in children's learning activities at home during the Covid 19 pandemic which is focused on children aged 5-8 years. This research method is to use a phenomenological qualitative method. The results of this study are that parents can improve their relationship with their children and parents can see directly the development of their children's learning abilities.
DEVELOPMENT OF LEARNING VIDEO MEDIA ON BUILDING CONSTRUCTION BASIC LESSONS
Authors: Mendrova Nova Riris
Published: January 2022

This study examines learning media on Building Construction Basic subjects, Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) material on Building Works.. Learning media are essential in the learning process, and good learning media are very effective in the teaching and learning process. In this case, the researcher tries to develop a learning video media that students can use using gadgets or laptops and androids through the storage media of CDs, flash drives, or other data/file storage places. It aims to facilitate students in understanding the material and facilitate the teacher's teaching process. In making this learning video media using the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). This research was conducted in the google classroom application, while the sample in this study was 20 students of class X Modeling and Building Information Design Expertise Program, SMK Negeri 2 Binjai. The feasibility test of the media experts' developed instructional video media assessment showed an average rating of 3.80 and was declared "Eligible". The material experts showed an average rating of 4.17 and was declared "Very Eligible", the tests conducted of 20 State Vocational High School 2 Binjai students showed an average of 4.30 was stated as "Very Eligible".Based on the feasibility test and testing results, it can be concluded that the instructional video media developed is excellent and feasible to be used as a learning media for K3LH material on building work.
COMMUNITY SATISFACTION INDEX (SMI) REPORT AT SMKN 1 CIBINONG
Authors: Kulsum Umi , Taufik Trias Tino
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the level of community assessment of the performance of learning services at SMKN 1 Cibinong Bogor. As it is known, Vocational High Schools (SMK) can be viewed as an institution that offers services in the form of education processes, especially education services as a continuation of first-level education (SMP) and graduates of Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs). The main goal of a service agency is how its customers get the satisfaction they expect. When observed. The main customers of a Vocational High School (SMK) are students and parents of students. Therefore it can be said that the satisfaction of parents and students in general and the wider community in general is a priority that must be put forward. With regard to the services offered by SMKN 1 Cibinong, the obligation to carry out education and teaching is the most important activity and is directly related to students. To find out how the service performance of SMKN 1 Cibinong in implementing education and teaching will be measured by how the satisfaction of students who take part in learning activities. The method carried out is by surveying students and conducting the survey referring to the Regulation of the Minister for Administrative Reform and Bureaucracy No. 16 of 2014 concerning Guidelines for Survey of Community Satisfaction on Public Service Delivery. To obtain the Community Satisfaction Index (IKM) value the following formula is used: IKM =( Total of Perceived Value per Element / Total Elements filled in) x Weighted Value. Meanwhile, to obtain the conversion value of the IKM result from the Service Unit IKM Value x 25, the result for the Community Satisfaction Index (IKM) Value of SMKN 1 Cibinong in 2017 is 81.88 with Service Quality B and Service Unit Performance Good.
DEVELOPMENT OF ENGINEERING DRAWING LEARNING MODULE FOR VOCATIONAL STUDENT AT PROPERTY CONSTRUCTION BUSINESS EXPERTISE PROGRAM
Authors: Luthfi Arfianti
Published: January 2022

This study aims to: (1) develop the learning media for the Technical Drawing module in the engineering drawing subject of class X Property Construction Business (BKP) at SMK Negeri 1 Percut Sei Tuan, (2) To determine the validity level of the material and media as learning media for students. This study uses the Research and Development development research method which includes the stages of identifying potentials and problems, gathering information, product design, design validation, and design improvement. The instrument used was a questionnaire. This questionnaire is used to test the feasibility of the media in the module through material validation and media validation. Based on the research results it is known that the Technical Drawing module as a learning medium for Engineering Drawing subjects refers to a curriculum consisting of 6 chapters. The results of the feasibility test for material experts with an average score of 125 are in the very good category. And the results of the feasibility test for media experts with an average score of 148 are in the very good category. The results showed that the Engineering Drawing learning module was feasible to use for class X BKP students at SMK Negeri 1 Percut Sei Tuan.
DIFFICULTY FACTORS IN IMPLEMENTING ONLINE TEACHING SKILLS PRACTICE STUDENTS OF BUILDING ENGINEERING EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM JAKARTA STATE UNIVERSITY
Authors: Cahyanti Sinta Dwi , Daryati Daryati , Saleh Rosmawita
Published: January 2022

The research is to know the difficulty factors implementation teaching practice (PKM) online students Building Engineering Education Study Program State University of Jakarta. The research use quantitative descriptive method. The sample is 54 PKM students and 32 tutor teachers SMK field of Building Engineering expertise in Jakarta. The sample are collected using questionnaire and documentation. The result show that difficulty factors implementation PKM online include: conculting with tutor teachers in the preparation RPP, accessing Video Conference, implementing online learning according to the set time, ensuring students are ready for online learning, activate the camera while using Video Conference, explaining learning material, and provide attitudes and skill assessment.
MOMENT-CURVATURE ANALYSIS OF GRADED CONCRETE BEAM WITH CONCRETE STRENGTH DISPARITY VARIATIONS
Authors: Pratama M. Mirza Abdillah , Andi Moch. Febrian , Hadhinata Christian
Published: January 2022

The application of graded concrete on structural elements is predicted to increase the capacity of the structural performance, serviceability, and to reduce costs compared to conventional concrete structures. This study aims to analyze (1) the load-deflection relationship, (2) the moment-curvature, (3) the deflection ductility ratio, and (4) the crack pattern. This study used reinforced concrete (RC) beams specimens with the dimension of 13x19x150 cm which was categorized as reference specimens and graded concrete beams. For reference specimens, an RC beam possessing concrete strength of 30 MPa; 40 MPa; 50 MPa were prepared; For the graded concrete beams, two specimens made of 30-40 MPa; 30-50 MPa; 40-50 MPa were prepared. In terms of casting graded concrete beams, low-strength concrete is placed on the tensile fiber of the beam, while on the compressive fiber of the beam, high-strength concrete is placed. The specimens were tested using the four-point bending method. The results showed that the increase in the concrete strength in the compression fiber of the beam contributed to the increase in load capacity, stiffness, and serviceability in the post-crack phase. The increase of concrete strength in compression fibers by 20 MPa is considered effective and has a positive impact on the moment-curvature capacity and is considered efficient in construction costs. The deflection ductility of the beam is classified as partial ductile and is adequate for structural design in earthquake-prone areas. A flexural cracks pattern was found on each specimen.
Sounding the Alarm: Scholarly Information and Global Information Companies in 2021
Authors: McLean Jaclyn , Stregger Elizabeth
Published: February 2022

Issues in for-profit scholarly publishing are not new. We are an electronic resources librarian and a systems librarian, and in the course of our research on unaffiliated users and academic libraries, we continued to identify and be stymied by trends in vendor technologies, systems, sales models, and products that caused concern. We hope to share these concerns, summarize the landscape, and also provide some advice on possibilities for collective action as we move forward.
New Cryptosystem Using Two Improved Vigenere Laps Separated by a Genetic Operator
Authors: JARJAR Mohamed , HRAOUI Said , NAJAH Said , ZENKOUAR Khalid
Published: February 2022

This document traces the development of a new cryptosystem using two circuits ensured by a deep Vigenere classical technique improvement, separated by a genetic operator. This new technique employs several dynamic substitutions matrices attached to chaotic replacement functions; whose construction will be detailed. Firstly, we will be start by modifying the seed pixels by an initial value ​​calculated from the original image, and will be infected through the chaotic map used to overcome the uniform image problem, followed by the improvements Vigenere injection technology. The output vector will be subdivided into sub blocks for future application of deeply improved genetic mutations to better adapt to color and medicals image encryption. The second round will increase the complexity of the attack and improve the installed systems. Simulations performed on a large number of images of different sizes and formats ensure that our approach is not exposed to known attacks.
In vitro conditioning of antigen-reactive CD8+ T cells with toll-like receptor agonists enhances their expansion in vivo in an adoptive transfer mouse model
Authors: Salem Mohamed L. , Khalil Sohaila M. , Sobh Ashraf , Elgharabawy Rehab M.
Published: February 2022

Background: Anti-cancer adoptive T cell therapy has shown significant anti-tumor responses in cancer patients. This therapy is based on in vitro activation of autologous T cells harvested from a cancer patient and infusing them back through blood. The efficacy of adoptively transferred T cells depends on the in vitro conditioning regimen in particular the type of used cytokines. Aim: This study aimed to use toll like receptors (TLRs) ligands (TLRLs) to condition T cells in vitro as a novel approach instead of cytokines. Methods: Spleen cells were harvested from TCR transgenic C57BL/6 pmel-1 mice, in which CD8+ T cells are engineered to recognize melanoma MHC class-I peptides.Unfractionated splenocytes were cultured for 24 hours in vitro with media or melaoma peptide plus or minus IL-12 (10ng/ml), poly(I:C) (TLR3L; 25ug/ml) or CpG (TLR9L; 10ug/ml). Then, activation, proliferation and cytokine production of the cultured cells were assessed. In another set of experiments, the cultured cells were harvested and infused into syngeneic B6 mice followed by vaccination to evaluate their antigen-specific expansion and contraction. Results: Conditioning of donor splenocytes in vitro with the TLR3L or TLR9L during antigen stimulation increased the antigen specific activation, proliferation, and cytokine production. Interestingly, in vitro treatment of the unfractionated splenocytes with TLR9L enhanced the activation and proliferation of B cells regardless antigen stimulation. Adoptive transfer of TLRL-conditioned peptide stimulated CD8+ T cells into naïve mice showed better survival and higher expansion in response to concomitant vaccination with peptide. Interestingly, in vitro conditioning of CD8+ T cells with TLR9L and in vivo conditioning with TLR3L resulted in the best antigen specific expansion of these cells upon their adoptive transfer into recipient mice. Conclusion: These results show that provision of CD8+ T cells in vitro and in vivo with certain TLR agonists can markedly enhance their antigen specific responses upon their adoptive transfer, opening a potential application of this approach in anti-cancer adoptive immunotherapy.
Nitrate respiration occurs throughout the depth of mucoid and non-mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa submerged agar colony biofilms including the oxic zone
Authors: Stoodley Paul , Schwermer Carsten Ulrich , deBeer Dirk
Published: February 2022

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen and well characterized biofilm former. P. aeruginosa forms strong oxygen gradients inside biofilms due to rapid oxygen respiration in the top layers and the poor solubility of oxygen coupled with diffusion limited transport. Transcriptomic evidence from in vitro and ex vivo sampling suggests that denitrification is occurring in biofilms in ostensibly oxic environments. It is hypothesized that in the presence of nitrate there is stratification with aerobic respiration occurring in the outer oxic layer and denitrification in the lower anoxic zone. We used submerged agar colony biofilms grown from mucoid (FRD1) and non-mucoid (PAO1) strains to simultaneously measure depth microprofiles of oxygen and nitrous oxide in the same colony with microelectrodes. Oxygen respiration occurred at the top of the colony as expected but denitrification occurred throughout the entire depth, even in the oxic region. Local denitrification rates were highly variable suggesting heterogenous metabolic activity within the colony. We also assessed the short-term influence of tobramycin on aerobic respiration within a PAO1 colony. Although there was an immediate reduction in respiration it was never completely arrested over 2 hr. On tobramycin removal the oxygen gradient steadily reestablished, demonstrating immediate recovery of metabolic activity.
Effect of Canola oil Supplementation Level on Total Tract Digestion, Ruminal Fermentation and Methane Emissions of Cows Grazing Brachiaria sp Complemented with Fixed Amount of Concentrate
Authors: Avilés-Nieto Jonathan Noe , Márquez-Mota Claudia Cecilia , Hernández-Medrano Juan Heberth , Ramírez-Bribiesca Jacinto Efren , Castillo-Gallegos Epigmenio , Plascencia Alejandro , Castrejón-Pineda Francisco Alejandro , Corona Luis
Published: February 2022

Four rumen-cannulated cows (Bos taurus × Bos indicus, 631 ± 88 BW) were assigned in a 4×4 Latin Square design to test the effects of different canola oil inclusion levels (CO; 0.0, 0.40, 0.80 and 1.2 g/kg shrunk body weight, SBW = BW×0.96) on the reduction of CH4 emissions and the energy value of the diet based on Brachiaria sp. under rotational grazing supplemented with a fixed amount of concentrate. The CH4 emission was analysed by an infrared analyser. Grass consumption and faecal production were estimated using Cr2O3 as external marker. The CO supplementation increased (linear effect, P < 0.05) DM (16.6%), organic matter (OM, 18.0%) and gross energy intakes (26.3%) and decreased the total digestibility of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) by 26% (linear effect, P < 0.05); also increased digestible energy value (Mcal/kg) by 7.1%. In the rumen, the maximum oil inclusion level decreased the total protozoa population by 89%, the acetate: propionate ratio by 25% and the enteric methane production by 18.9%, all without negatively affecting any of the other variables of fermentation and digestion evaluated. It is concluded that canola oil at supplementation levels of up to 1.2 g CO/kg SBW (5.3% of the total diet) for cows grazing tropical forages supplemented with concentrates increases the total and energy consumption and the efficiency of ruminal fermentation, thereby reducing the emission of enteric methane by up to 18.9%.
Understanding Cortical Arousals during Sleep from Leg Movements: A Pilot Study.
Authors: Bansal Kanika , Garcia Javier , Feltch Cody , Earley Christopher , Robucci Ryan , Banerjee Nilanjan , Brooks Justin
Published: February 2022

Leg movements during sleep occur in patients with sleep pathology and healthy individuals. Some (but not all) leg movements during sleep are related to cortical arousals which occur without conscious awareness but have a significant effect of sleep fragmentation. Detecting leg movements during sleep that are associated with cortical arousals can provide unique insight into the nature and quality of sleep. In this study, a novel leg movement monitor that uses a unique capacitive displacement sensor and 6-axis inertial measurement unit, is used in conjunction with polysomnography to understand the relationship between leg movement and electroencephalogram (EEG) defined cortical arousals. In an approach that we call neuro-extremity analysis, directed connectivity metrics are used to interrogate causal linkages between EEG and leg movements measured by the leg movement sensors. The capacitive displacement measures were more closely related to EEG-defined cortical arousals than inertial measurements. Second, the neuro-extremity analysis reveals a temporally evolving connectivity pattern that is consistent with a model of cortical arousals in which brainstem dysfunction leads to near-instantaneous leg movements and a delayed, filtered signal to the cortex leading to the cortical arousal during sleep.
A Pilot Clinical Study of Complex Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Treatment Via Foldable Capsular Buckle Scleral Buckling
Authors: Li Cheng , Zhang Baike , Jia Yong , Guo Lisha , Wang Chunlei , Xing Yaofan , Li Qiaoyun , Tian Xuemin
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of and identify problems in treating complex rhegmatogenous retinal detachment using foldable capsular buckle scleral buckling.Methods: This prospective clinical study enrolled five patients with complex rhegmatogenous retinal detachment who were treated with foldable capsular buckle scleral buckling at the 988th Hospital of People’s Liberation Army Joint Logistic Force, China. During the 24-week follow-up period, the patients underwent measurements of their best-corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, indirect ophthalmoscopy, and visual field testing. Additionally, B-ultrasound and fundus photography of the patients’ retinal reattachments helped evaluate the treatment’s post-surgery efficacy. We determined the safety of foldable capsular buckle scleral buckling based on the occurrence of infection, eye pain, diplopia, elevated intraocular pressure, and other serious postoperative complications. Results: The complex rhegmatogenous retinal detachments of all five patients were successfully treated and evaluated via B-ultrasound and fundus photography after surgery. Visual acuity was enhanced in four patients 24 weeks after surgery, while the remaining patients developed diplopia after surgery. No other complications were observed. Conclusion: This pilot study preliminarily determined that foldable capsular buckle scleral buckling is a feasible treatment for the efficient and safe treatment of complex rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. These results support this surgery as a potential and novel alternative to current extraocular procedures for the treatment of complex rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.
Zebrafish pancreatic β cell clusters undergo stepwise regeneration using Neurod1-expressing cells from different cell lineages
Authors: Matsuda Hiroki , Kubota Yukihiko
Published: February 2022

Pancreatic β cell clusters produce insulin and play a central role in glucose homeostasis. The regenerative capacity of mammalian β cells is limited and the loss of β cells causes diabetes. In contrast, zebrafish β cell clusters have a high regenerative capacity, making them an attractive model to study β cell cluster regeneration. How zebrafish β cell clusters regenerate, when the regeneration process is complete, and the identification of the cellular source of regeneration are fundamental questions that require investigation. Here we demonstrate that pancreatic β cell cluster regeneration is completed within 13 days after β cell ablation via a two-step regeneration process, that is regenerating function, and then morphology. Additionally, we found that all regenerating pancreatic β cells arose from Neurod1-expressing cells and that cells from different lineages contribute to both functional and morphological regeneration. Together, these results shed light on the fundamental cellular mechanisms underlying β cell cluster regeneration.
Soliton Microcombs in Integrated Chalcogenide Microresonators
Authors: Xia Di , Yang Zelin , Zeng Pingyang , Zhang Bin , Wu Jiayue , Wang Zifu , Zhao Jiaxin , Gao Mingqi , Huang Yufei , Huang Jianteng , Luo Liyang , Liu Dong , Yang Shuixian , Guo Hairun , Li Zhaohui
Published: February 2022

Photonic integrated microcombs have enabled advanced applications in optical communication, microwave synthesis, and optical metrology, which in nature unveil an optical dissipative soliton pattern under cavity-enhanced nonlinear processes. The most decisive factor of microcombs lies in the photonic material platforms, where materials with high nonlinearity and in capacity of high-quality chip integration are highly demanded. In this work, we present a home-developed chalcogenide glasses-Ge25Sb10S65 (GeSbS) for the nonlinear photonic integration and for the dissipative soliton microcomb generation. Compared with the current integrated nonlinear platforms, the GeSbS features wider transparency from the visible to 11-μm region, stronger nonlinearity, and lower thermo-refractive coefficient, and is CMOS compatible in fabrication. In this platform, we achieve chip-integrated optical microresonators with a quality (Q) factor above 2×10^6, and carry out lithographically controlled dispersion engineering. In particular, we demonstrate that both a bright soliton-based microcomb and a dark-pulsed comb are generated in a single microresonator, in its separated fundamental polarized mode families under different dispersion regimes. The overall pumping power is on the ten-milliwatt level, determined by both the high Q-factor and the high material nonlinearity of the microresonator. Our results may contribute to the field of nonlinear photonics with an alternative material platform for highly compact and high-intensity nonlinear interactions, while on the application aspect, contribute to the development of soliton microcombs at low operation power, which is potentially required for monolithically integrated optical frequency combs.
Development of a bile acid-related gene signature for predicting survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Gang , Guan Jun , Yang Qin , Wu Fengtian , Shao Junwei , Zhou Qihui , Guo Zixuan , Ren Yanli , Zhu Haihong , Chen Zhi
Published: February 2022

Background. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common diseases, threatening millions of patients annually. Increasing evidence supports that bile acid (BA) has an impact on HCC through inflammation, DNA damage or other mechanisms. Methods. With the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas portal, a total of 127 BA-associated genes were analyzed in HCC tumor and non-tumor samples, and then, using univariate and multivariate Cox regression, genes with correlations to the prognosis of HCC patients were identified. Then, a prediction model with identified genes was constructed for evaluating the risk of HCC patients for prognosis. Results. Twenty-six genes with differential expression between HCC and control tissue samples were identified, of which 19 genes had up-regulated expression and 7 genes had down-regulated expression in tumor samples. Three genes, NPC1, ABCC1 and SLC51B, were extrapolated to construct a prediction model for prognosis of HCC patients. Conclusion. The three-gene prediction model was more reliable than the pathological staging characters of the tumor for the prognosis and survival of HCC patients. Additionally, the up-regulated genes facilitating the transport of BAs are associated with poor prognosis of HCC patients and genes of de novo synthesis of BAs benefits HCC patients.
The Impact of Tax Morality on Tax Evasion: Evidence of EU Countries
Authors: Mazurenko Oleksiy , Tiutiunyk Inna , Derkach Lilia
Published: January 2022

A set of direct and indirect factors that affect the changing trends of the main indicators of its functioning and determine the key vectors of state policy define the pace of the country’s economic development. At the present stage of economic development, along with the objective factors influencing the behavior of economic entities, of great importance are subjective, determined by age, psychological, religious, and other individual characteristics of the individual’s perception of economic and political processes in the country. One of the indirect factors of influence is tax morale, the low level of which determines the tendency of taxpayers to evade their tax obligations and negatively affects the level of international tax competitiveness of the country, the share of the shadow sector, the level of corruption. The purpose of the study is to find the nature of the tax morality impact on tax competitiveness indicators of the country. The methodological tools of the research include the analytical method, methods of analysis and synthesis, econometric analysis methods (Panel unit root test, Pedroni panel cointegration tests, Pearson’s correlation test, Greanger test, Panel Vector Error Correction Estimate model). The objects of the study are tax competitiveness indicators of the country and the level of tax morale of EU countries for the period 2010-2020. The information base of the study is the data of the World Value Survey and the International Social Science Panel. The results of the analysis showed a significant impact of tax morale on the resulting indicators. Decreasing the level of tax morale leads to an increase in the level of the shadow economy in the country and the volume of tax evasion. The results of the calculations can be useful for representatives of state institutions in the context of the policy of de-shadowing the economy, the fight against corruption, both through restrictive and stimulating tools to influence the behavior of economic entities.
Extroversion with the Influence on Macroeconomy and Bank Risk Microloans in the United States
Authors: Moncayo L. , Kasztelnik Karina
Published: January 2022

This study addressed the perceived negative individual characteristics that may precipitate failure of small business owners in securing microloans. The purpose of this quantitative, non-experimental, correlational study is to examine how the neuroticism, and extroversion of small business owners relate to their ability to secure microloans for their business needs in the United States. Goldberg’s Big Two Theory provided a framework for the study, which included a quantitative, survey-based correlational design. Research questions focused on the relationship between neuroticism, and extroversion of the Big Two Theory and the ability of small business owners to secure microloans for their business needs. A sample of approximately 177 small business owners in the United States were recruited to complete an online survey assessing their neuroticism, and extroversion and ability to secure microloans. A binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to address the research aims. The findings of this study imply an overall significant effect of neuroticism, and extroversion on small business owners’ ability to secure microloans and the influence on macroeconomy along with bank risk management after controlling for age, gender, and ethnicity. Individually, out of the neuroticism, and extroversion were found to be not significant and correlated with the ability of the participants to obtain business financing. This study will contribute to the existing practice and has the potential for positive social change among small entrepreneurs through evaluation of the theoretical foundations and assumptions underpinning the study objective.
Mozaic of Phylosophy and Physicis in Tourism with View to Climate
Authors: Njegovanović Ana
Published: January 2022

Tourism is attracting increasing attention of various scientific disciplines with the aim of studying phenomena in tourism from a specific disciplinary point of view. On issues in the field of philosophy and tourism, we find a large gap because, unlike many and diverse other scientific studies, a philosophical approach to tourism is practically non-existent. In understanding the complex concept of space and time, we need a basic knowledge of physics and neuroscience. Space and time in neuroscience remain separate coordinates to which we attach our observations. Spatial-temporal sequences of brain activity often correlate with measures of distance and duration, and these correlations may not correspond to neural representations of space or time. MIT neuroscientists have identified a brain circuit in the hippocampus that encodes the time of the event, that is, pyramidal cells (green) have been discovered in the CA2 region of the hippocampus that are responsible for storing critical time information. When we experience a new event, our brain records the memory not only of what happened, but also of the context, including the time and place of the event.
Porter Diamond Model and Internationalization of Fintechs
Authors: Naser Nahidah
Published: January 2022

This paper relies on Porter Diamond model to explain how and why specific digital financial inclusion is the main driver for the internationalization of Fintechs. Porter’s Diamond model can be used to weigh the importance of using specific digital financial inclusion as key factors for the internationalization of Fintechs. Second, analyze how the competition of using specific digital financial inclusion is a secondary driver for Fintechs entering the global market. Fintechs keep disrupting the incumbent financial system and stability worldwide. Moreover, culture, population, new technology, micro and macro conditions in new markets, data protection, transparency, poverty, regulations, and policies could bring Fintechs and their digital financial inclusion to the rest of the world. Such rapid shift may threaten financial stability through excessive demands on specific digital financial inclusion than others locally and globally, without thoroughly examining the accumulated risks with the absence of particular regulation policies such as data and consumer protection, personal identifiable information (PII), cyber hygiene, and technology controls locally and cross-country resilience, collaboration, information sharing, cybercrimes, money laundry, consumer overleveraging, among others on internationalization Fintechs and their impact on financial stability. Moreover, Fintechs compete with traditional banks and other financial institutions by providing digital banking services, especially in the payments, transfers, loans, and lending sectors. However, due to the lack of transparency data gathering, supervisions and regulations of Fintechs, policies, privacy, cybercrimes, the impact of Fintechs on the financial market and economic stability are yet to be thoroughly examined and evaluated. A literature review on Fintechs and their digital financial inclusion are needed to explore Fintechs and the importance of some selected studies on Fintechs.
Early Forms of Money, besides Currency, which may include Coins
Authors: Gentle Paul F.
Published: January 2022

Sometimes, when currency which may include coin is not ubiquitous in a society, that society turns to other items to serve as money. This article examines several objects in history that may have fulfilled the requirements of being money. This article examines some of the forms of money, employed other than what most people think of as conventional money. This article summarizes different forms of early money, used in different time periods and in different geographic areas. The different types of possible earlier money examined in this article are wampum, warehouse receipts for tobacco, art during the German Third Reich and its aftermath, beaver fur pelts, rice, and stone money at Yap or Rai, cocoa, tea bricks, cigarettes, whale’s teeth, musket balls and cattle. Interestingly cattle was the first item that played the role of money and that started in 9,000 B.C. The other livestock such as goats were valued in terms of cattle, which served as the unit of account. There are three requirements of something to serve as money. They must be a store of value. They have to be used as a medium of exchange. As described in this article, the art that was stolen during the German Third Reich and immediate aftermath was traded among a small group of people. For that reason, it was not considered a medium of exchange, since so few people used it for that purpose. In addition, money must have a unit of account. artworks described by being part of the thefts during the German Third Reich Era had no unit of account. For example, a painting by artist X was not easily valued in terms of a painting by artist Y, without using dollar or other monetary measurements for each painting. The examples in this article can help any economist who is teaching and researching about money and banking.
The Effect of Trust and Trade on Stock Markets Comovement
Authors: Matlhaku Kago Amiel , Khan Muhammad Atif
Published: January 2022

Trust is a basic component of social trust that has been neglected in existing empirical literature regarding stock markets comovements. It is an important factor due to its implications for portfolio management and financial system stability. This study investigates how trust distance affects the way stock markets co-move together in ASEAN, BRICS, and G12 countries. Further, we investigate the moderating effect of trust distance on trade between different nations and the comovement of their stock markets. This is because trade is an important factor when it comes to stock market integration. Our findings based on the OLS and quantile regression demonstrate that similarity in trust positively affects the way stock markets move together, however, this is not always the case during market turmoils because of increased volatility. For the quantile regression we discovered that trust distance has an asymmetric effect to stock markets co-movement as it is only significant below the 60th percentile only. Moreover, we find that trust positively moderates the effect of trade on stock markets’ co-movement between BRICS and G12 nations as it increases openness to trade which in turn leads to synchronizing business cycles and equity markets. This however is not the case with ASEAN nations as they are still nascent markets and not yet mature. The policy implications for stakeholders imply that invetors need to diversify their portfolios to markets which are furthest in trust distance above 1 and that policymakers like central banks need to put in place regulations which consider trust distance in order to avoid financial contagion during market turmoils.
Health Care Reform In Ukraine: Public-Private Partnership Issues
Authors: Humenna Yuliia , Martsovenko Ihor , Srovnalíková Paulína
Published: January 2022

This article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the public-private partnership implementation as the key form of investing financial resources in the sphere of medical services in Ukraine. The purpose of the investigation is studying issues of public-private partnership in the financing of the medical sector of Ukraine on the example of the Sumy Regional Clinical Cardiology Dispensary. This article examines modern concepts and public-private partnership’s models in the field of health care and the features of their practical implementation. The legislative base of public-private partnership within the health care system of Ukraine is analysed. Methodological support of the research includes the use of the following methods: system analysis, synthesis and scientific abstraction, structural-logical, comparative and statistical analysis, and retrospective method. The results of the study allowed: determine the subjective and object components of public-private partnership; analyse foreign experience in the formation of models combining the functions that are directed to the private partner by government agencies substantiate features of introduction of partnership in the conditions of medical reform; study the practice of implementing partnership projects for health care branch in Ukraine; provide medical and social justification for increasing the quality of medical care for patients with acute coronary syndrome on the basis of the model of public-private partnership; identify barriers while the implementation of public-private partnerships in the field of health care at the present stage of development of the medical services sphere in Ukraine; improve the public-private partnership model based on a joint venture agreement between the public unity service and the private entity in order to improve the quality of emergency care for patients with acute coronary conditions. The paper states that when using the capabilities of the mechanism of public-private partnership, by involving in the provision of quality medical care material and technical and human resources of the private medical enterprise «Alfa-Medica» and by providing invasive medical care to patients with acute cardiac syndrome in 2015-2019 the reduction in mortality and disability has been achieved. The study provides the recommendations for taking into account while creating the strategy for the public-private partnership projects implementation in the field of health care in Ukraine, both state and regional interests in solving medical and social problems through the relevant programs.
Agricultural societies and the Ministry of agriculture of the Russian Empire: dependence or cooperation (second half of XIX – early XX centuries)
Authors: Lysenko M.S.
Published: January 2022

The article analyses the relations of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Empire with agricultural societies of the Ukrainian provinces in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries. The structural reorganizations of the Ministry of Agriculture and the Department of Agriculture, to which agricultural societies were directly subordinated, are clarified.
Since the establishment of the Ministry of State Property, it was believed that agriculture could not be managed and had to be influenced by indirect methods. In our view, this position of the authorities to some extent prepared the ground for the spread of public associations that focused their activities on the agricultural sector. In our opinion, a certain change in the attitude of the Ministry of Agriculture to agricultural societies took place in the 1880s. In order to increase the efficiency of provincial work, the agricultural department decided to use agricultural societies more actively, not only for educational purposes but also for representative ones, informing etc.
During the studied period, the status of public associations was discussed by both city officials and local public. In fact, agricultural societies of the second half of the 19th century were intermediaries between government agencies and agricultural population of the Ukrainian provinces. At the turn of the 19th – 20th centuries the situation changed. We emphasize the quantitative increase of peasant agricultural societies, in particular, associated with the reforms of P.A. Stolypin. Public organizations were engaged not only in cultural work, but also in production and marketing, which became a new area of their activity.
Agricultural societies were characterised by a high degree of loyalty to the existing political system. Belief in the power of the state and in the possibility of attracting state support to solve their problems was an integral part of the public views of their members. Therefore, it was quite natural for the leaders of agricultural societies to establish constructive relations with local authorities. Officials were often honorary members of agricultural societies, and their initiatives received organizational and financial assistance from government agencies. The beginning of the First World War testified to the continuation of relations in the changed conditions. However, in our opinion, their public service was gradually transformed into public duty.
The article concludes that the credo of agricultural societies was to find the middle ground, an alternative to bureaucratic and revolutionary methods of solving the agrarian problem. Therefore, even in periods of growing political confrontation in society, the contradictions of these organisations with the government were not fundamental or protracted.
Rebellion. Regional Dimension Review of Yuriy Kotlyar’s monograph “Peasant Rebellion in the Mykolaiv region (1918-1921)”
Authors: Degtyarev S.I.
Published: January 2022

Monograph review: Kotlyar Yu. Peasant Rebellion in the Mykolaiv region (1918-1921). Mykolayiv, 2021. 124 p. (MSGU Historical Library).
On the basis of archival documents, the monograph that is included to the series of books “Historical Library of MSHU” examines the peasant insurgent movement in the Mykolaiv region in 1918–1921. Anti-Hetman, anti-Bolshevik, anti-Denikin and anti-Communist uprisings are analyzed; peasant formations of the state type are studied (the Husbandry Republic of Vradiivka, the People’s Republic of Vysunsk and the Bashtanka Republic); activities of atamans Lykho and Yu. Tiutiunnyk on the territory of the Mykolaiv region is highlighted. The book is written for scientists, teachers, local historians, students and anyone interested in the history of the native land.
Scientific and practical experience of architectural heritage restoring in the focus of the Ukrainian researchers
Authors: Korol V.M.
Published: January 2022

Monograph review: Construction and Restoration of Orthodox Churches: monograph / under the general editorship of V. Lykhohrai. Kharkiv: Rarities of Ukraine, 2019. 204 p.
The modern restoration process of ancient sacred buildings requires thorough research aimed at analysing the architectural and structural solutions of Orthodox temples and their connection with the canonical requirements of the Church, identifying historical methods of construction and creating characteristics for the specifics of repair and restoration work. One of such demanded scientific works was recently published. This is a monograph “Construction and restoration of Orthodox Churches”, authored by Kharkiv researchers Dmytro Honcharenko, Serhii Yevel, Oleksandr Kharchenko and Pavlo Chechelnytskyi, as well as Viktoriia Lykhohrai, who also was responsible for the general editing of the publication.
SAGAYDACHNY ROAD: FROM THE TOP OF THE PSEL RIVER TO THE BORDER OF THE POLISH-LITHUANIAN COMMONWEALTH (EARLY 20th CENTURY)
Authors: Osadchij E. M. , Degtyarev S. I.
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the reconstruction of one of the sections of the Sagaidachnyj road, which ran from the town of Oboyan to the border of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Muscovite Kingdom in 1647, mainly along the territory of the Putivl district. To solve this problem, documents of the middle of the 17th - 18th centuries were involved in which there are references to this road. Mostly these are legal documents related to the receipt of land plots of the first settlers in the territory of Slobozhanshchina. An important landmark Sagaidachnyj road is often found in defining the boundaries and location of the land. In addition, a previously unknown plan of the city of Aleshnya was recently introduced into scientific circulation, on which this road is clearly indicated. This made it possible with a high degree of probability to localize its location in the 17th - 18th centuries on the ground. To determine the places of crossings, the data contained in the documents related to the organization of the border service of the Moscow kingdom at the end of the 16th - 17th centuries were used. The name of this road is associated with the campaign of Hetman Pyotr Sagaidachny to Moscow.
THE SECRETS OF ОNATSKY PENSION AND THE RUSSIAN FACTOR (based on the documents of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Italy, 1930-1941)
Authors: Rumyantsev O. Y.
Published: January 2022

The article deals with the activities of E.D.Onatsky (Onac’kyj) in the Kingdom of Italy in the early 30s of the XX century. The Ukrainian researcher, journalist and politician came to Italy as the head of the Press-office of the Ukrainian diplomatic mission in Italy. He carried out scientific, journalistic and politic activities in the interwar period. During this period, Italy changed its foreign strategy: it proposed a Pact of four, became one of the main political players in Europe, signed a cooperation agreement with the USSR. The Ukrainian political activities in this period were under attention of the Italian political police. The active phase of observation was in 1933-1934, when the Soviet authorities openly criticized the development of the Ukrainian activity in Italy. The spies didn’t know the specifics of Ukrainian identity and they usually perceived Onatsky’s figure through the Russian worldview. The economic activity of the Onatskys, who rented rooms to guests arriving from other countries, is becoming another element of suspicion about the figure of the Ukrainian activist. The research is based on the documentation of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Italy, on Onatsky’s diaries and on the results of research carried out by other scientists.