bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive data-based assessment of forest ecosystem carbon stocks in the US 1907–2012
Authors: Magerl Andreas , Le Noë Julia , Erb Karl-Heinz , Bhan Manan , Gingrich Simone
Published: November 2019

The consistent and robust assessment of ecosystem carbon stocks remains central to developing and monitoring climate change mitigation strategies. Here, we investigate the dynamics of forest ecosystem carbon stocks in the conterminous United States between 1907 and 2012 at national and regional levels. We build upon timber volume records from historical forest inventories and use a modelling approach to include all relevant pools, e.g. soil carbon, to derive a comprehensive long-term dataset. We find a consistent increase in forest carbon stocks across the country, from 27 PgC in 1907 to 39 PgC in 2012, with persistent regional variations between western and eastern United States, signalling pronounced land use and land management legacy effects. We identify additional potential to increase forest C sinks in both west and east, on diverging levels. Extended forest C stocks stem from forest biomass thickening i.e. increases in biomass C densities, rather than forest area expansion. Our study reflects the first such effort to collectively understand the effects of environmental change and land management on contemporary biomass C stocks at the national level, and critically engages with ongoing initiatives towards assessing the potential for carbon sequestration in forest ecosystems.
Distribution features of yeasts in soils of South Vietnam (case study of the biogeocenoses of the National Park Cát Tiên)
Authors: Glushakova A , Maksimova I , Morozova A , Kachalkin A
Published: November 2019

The yeast communities of tropical soils of two biotopes in monsoon tropical forest in the specially protected natural territories of the National Park Cát Tiên were studied. It was possible to establish that the distribution of yeasts in the profile of studied soils differed markedly. Of particular interest was the isolation from the tropical soils of Vietnam the pedobiont yeast species Saitozyma podzolica, which is regularly found in soils of temperate latitudes of Russia and other regions.
Relationship between soil rheological properties and water retention curves
Authors: Khaidapova D
Published: November 2019

The interdependence between the rheological properties and the water retention curve was determined on the example of typical chernozems of Kursk region. The strength of the aggregates of humus horizons of a virgin chernozem, an arable chernozem, and aggregates of Bca horizon in a wide range of water content was investigated by the conical Rebinder’s plastometer. It was shown that the strength of the aggregates depends on water content. The dependence of aggregates strength on moisture is exponential. Comparison of virgin and arable soils revealed a positive effect of organic matter on the structural state of the soil. At high water content, aggregates of the virgin soil are more stable than aggregates of the arable soil and ones of the lower horizons Bca. In air-dry conditions, the strength of aggregates from the arable soil significantly exceeds the aggregates’ strength from the virgin soil, which indicates degradation processes in the arable soil, a decrease of organic matter content leads to an increase of interparticle interaction and an increase in a block-like structure. These experimentally obtained data confirmed the existence of a close relationship between logarithm’s values of the soil moisture full potentials’ moduli and the strength of soil aggregates and the presence of an appropriate linear regression dependence. Voronin’s structural-functional concept is confirmed by the fact that hydrophysical, mechanical and rheological properties of soils are functions of the soil structure.
Vermiculite-lizardite ameliorants from mining waste
Authors: Kremenetskaya I , Tereshchenko S , Alekseeva S , Mosendz I , Slukovskaya M , Ivanova L , Mikhailova I
Published: November 2019

Beneficiation products of phlogopite mining waste have been studied in terms of their use in soil engineering to improve soil hydro-physical and physicochemical properties. Vermiculite and lizardite minerals, parts of the obtained products, can interact with acid solutions and can be used to reduce the acidity of agricultural soils as well as to rehabilitate acidified industrial landscapes. The plant testing results indicate a positive effect of vermiculite-lizardite materials on plant growth and development.
Changes in soil conditions after application of biochar
Authors: Mukhina I M , Rizhiya E Y , Buchkina N P , Balashov E V
Published: November 2019

Biochar is a carbonized, stable product obtained by pyrolysis. Due to its structure, chemical composition and characteristics biochar can change soil properties over a long period. To study the effect of woody biochar on loamy sand Spodosol, a small-scale field experiment was conducted. Following treatments were used in the experiment: soil-control, soil with biochar at a rate of 5 t ha−1, soil with nitrogen fertilizer at a rate of 90 kgN ha−1 and soil with combined application of biochar and N fertilizer. Application of biochar increased water-holding capacity of the soil in the range of plant-available water by 7%, in average, increased soil moisture 1.13-1.19 times, reduced the soil bulk density by 5% and led to a short-term increase in soil pH.
Estimation of surface properties of Kostroma region soils formed on the Triassic clay deposits
Authors: Shvarov A P , Tyugai Z , Ivanov A V , Bykova G S , Dembovetskiy A V , Lebedev I E
Published: November 2019

The main indicators characterizing the surface properties of soils formed on the eluvium of Triassic clays of the Kostroma region have been studied. The categories of specific surface area and the degree of soil hydrophilicity have been calculated. Levels of sorption capacity and parameters of ultraporosity of the solid phase of the investigated soils have been identified.
Economical Study of a Boiler Fueled with DME
Authors: Song Xiao , Xiaoyu Chen , Lin Qi , Yanna Liu
Published: November 2019

In this paper, the cost-based function has been used to study the economy of a DME boiler (operating costs). The contribution of the emissions of major pollutants (CO2, NOx and CO) to the external costs are calculated. About 88% external costs is produced by CO2 emission. In addition, the internal costs and external costs and total operating costs are calculated. Subsequently, the operating costs of DME are used to compared with fuel oil. Clearly, not only the internal costs but the external costs of fuel oil are higher than that of DME. Importantly, the emissions of SO2 and SO3 are produced when boiler fueled with fuel oil. The use of DME leads to annual saving 299375.68 US$ (saving efficiency about 41%) comparing with fuel oil.
Neural network monitoring and predictive control of the reliability and safety of gas distribution networks using deep learning algorithms
Authors: Zemenkova M Yu
Published: November 2019

The work deals with the development of an algorithmic, mathematical complex based on neural networks of deep learning to assess and predict the reliability and safety of gas distribution equipment based on diagnostic data. The article describes the features of creating a predictive control system within the framework of the CI-TREMS complex. The work describes the algorithms and presents an example of the implementation of the system on one of the nodes of the gas distribution network.
Temperature condition of a stopped underground oil pipeline
Authors: Yakupov A U , Voronin K S , Cherentsov D A
Published: November 2019

Carrying out thermal calculations of “hot” oil pipelines, through which highly viscous and high pour point oils are transported, is one of the main ones. Determining the cooling rate of oil in a stopped oil pipeline is of great practical importance. The cooling time is used to calculate the safe stop time of the “hot” oil pipeline. The time at which there will be no freezing of the “hot” oil pipeline, and the station pressure is enough to overcome the shear stresses that arise when cooling highly viscous and high pour point oil. The methods of finding the cooling time of oil in a stopped pipeline are considered, which allow determining the time of a safe stop of the pipeline. Installed thermal stabilizers designed for cooling the soil can affect the cooling rate of the “hot” oil pipeline.
Improving the production activities of a unit of an industry-specific company
Authors: Chizhevskaya E L , Fedorova O B
Published: November 2019

The goal of finding ways to optimize the production and economic activities of enterprises is usually cost optimization. In this case, the solution of the indicated problem should occur without compromising the organization of production processes of the enterprise units. In this regard, the most urgent is the search for possibilities to increase the efficiency of the use of resources available to the economic entity. The article presents the results of an analysis of indicators of production activity of a unit of an industry-specific company, considers the areas of searching for and utilization of reserves for the growth of production organization efficiency.
High-tech drilling of wells in offshore fields using import-substituting technologies
Authors: Alekseev A G , Egorova E V
Published: November 2019

The article considers the relevance of increasing the efficiency of development of offshore shelf deposits in the North Caspian, using the example of the oil and gas condensate field named after Y. Korchagin. The development of offshore fields is associated with the use of the latest expensive technologies aimed at highly efficient development of facilities with hard-to-recover hydrocarbon reserves. The involvement of field operators in the development of expensive imported technologies leads to a significant increase in the cost of oil produced. In this regard, there is a need for testing and introducing similar domestic technologies into the offshore field development process to optimize the hydrocarbon production process.
Possibility of using renewable energy sources in the Republic of Ingushetia
Authors: Malsagov M I , Elbazurov A R , Titova G R
Published: November 2019

The article is devoted to an acute problem of the humanity - the scarce of energy sources, in particular in the Northern Caucasus. Therefore it is necessary to use renewable energy as a pure and undeveloped source. In this paper the authors explore the situation in Ingushetia. Nowadays the Republic has got a serious problem of electricity liabilities non-transparency of accounting system, quality and reliability of electricity supply. In the article it is possible to find general features of the region, the analysis of the current situation in the electric industry of the Republic, the power system characteristics, the electric industry development program and profitability of wind, water and geothermal energy analysis. The issue of switching to renewable energy is also considered.
Principles of cadastral valuation and usage of water reservoirs in the Republic of Kalmykia
Authors: Staselko E A , Erdniev O V , Balinova T A , Germasheva U S , Snagadjieva S A , Baryshev A V
Published: November 2019

The article deals with the principles of the cadastral valuation in the area of water reservoir construction site. Rules of using water resources, technical maintenance and water reservoir improvement are given. Special attention is paid to the land-use planning in the area of the water reservoir construction. Basing on the results of the pre-design and land-use planning, a number of land plots and active areas of water utilization scheme and participants who receive profit from the water reservoir have been determined. These data can be used to determine the cadastral value and the land tax.
The simulation of high-pressure water vapor injection using core material
Authors: Krivova N R , Kolesnik S V , Chebykina Yu B
Published: November 2019

Effective reservoir development and economically viable development of high-viscosity oil require experience and comprehensive experimental studies on the physical modeling of oil recovery processes using various technologies and displacement agents. The article discusses the filtration processes occurring in the reservoir during the injection of high-pressure water vapor. The results of the filtration experiments show that increasing the temperature to 90 °C makes it possible to effectively displace viscous oil from the reservoir models, while the displacement coefficient reaches 76 % after pumping 1.59 pore volumes of distilled water. It should be noted that the injection of low or demineralized aqueous fluids at reservoir temperature and pressure leads to rapid swelling of clay minerals of the formation rock, attenuation of filtration and loss of reservoir properties of the rock.
Influence of drilling fluids on the filtration properties of reservoirs
Authors: Lipatov E Yu , Krivova N R
Published: November 2019

Currently, during the opening and testing of productive formations, as well as during repair work in wells, specialized water- or oil-based technical fluids are used. All of them are characterized by compatibility to varying degrees with the lithological and physical properties of reservoirs in Western Siberia and have different effects on the filtration properties of the porous reservoir of productive formations. It is known that when using fresh water-based drilling fluids, due to the interaction of the fresh water filtrate with rock cement and some rock-forming minerals, the permeability of the bottom-hole zone changes. The paper presents the results of an experimental study of the effect of drilling fluids on terrigenous rocks of one of the fields. The impact of drilling fluids on the core, with the exception of FLO-PRO and NaCl, led to a decrease in the oil-permeability of core samples. In the core of the terrigenous reservoir, filtering FLO-PRO does not cause a negative result. The curves of permeability changes with increasing filtration pressure before and after FLO-PRO flow are identical in dynamics. According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that technical fluids FLO-PRO and IES (invert emulsion solutions) can be recommended for use as they do not violate the structure of the pore space of the reservoir and do not lead to a significant decrease in oil-permeability of all core layers.
Fisher–Tropsh synthesis technology evolution
Authors: Loseva N I , Niyazbakiev I I , Silman A V
Published: November 2019

the article considers the development stages of technologies for producing hydrocarbons based on syngas. XTL technology is based on the Fischer–Tropsch process. Carbon-containing substances in any aggregate state can be used as a raw material of XTL technology, which will affect the chemistry and process parameters. Currently, interest in these technologies has increased in connection with the advent of scientific and technological innovations. The latest generation of XTL technology has already entered the industrial production phase. The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of XTL technology of different generations, the main indicators of which were the state of raw materials, the type of reactor devices, the chemical composition of the catalytic systems and the resulting product. The advantages of the technology proposed by INFRA Technology Company involving an innovative reactor design for a high-performance multifunctional catalyst, are shown. At the same time, the necessity of combining gas and liquid flows in an innovative microchannel reactor, increasing the conversion of synthesis gas, as well as the high cost of the fourth-generation XTL technology are urgent problems that need to be addressed at the current stage of the evolution of Fischer–Tropsch processes.
Investigation of the ozone treatment effectiveness of urban wastewater containing biologically-resistant organic pollution
Authors: Alekseev Stanislav , Pipko Daria
Published: November 2019

When developing the technology of using ozone for the subsequent purification of municipal wastewater from biologically resistant organic pollutants, it is important to determine the required ozone dose and the duration of oxidation. Post-treatment of wastewater after biological treatment is used, for example, for the destruction of biologically resistant textile dyes and surfactants. It is known that, for example, during the process of ozonation, decrease in color occurs earlier than the decomposition of the organic matter of the dyes. Therefore, the water treatment process is controlled by several indirect indicators, such as oxidation, total organic carbon, etc. It is difficult to determine the necessary dose of ozone for the decomposition of pollutants. We carried out the experimental studies and examined the material balance of the process of destruction of pollution by ozone. A method is proposed for measuring and calculating ozone consumption in the destruction of pollution in wastewater. According to the results of test ozonation of waste water, the dependence of ozone consumption on the processes of pollution destruction is built. The method allows to determine the required specific dose of ozone for the destruction of pollution and the duration of ozonation for equipment design.
Lean production in investment-construction industry. Adaptation to phases of customer business cycle
Authors: Anokhov Igor
Published: November 2019

Lean production is being effectively used in many areas. Construction sector has its own conceptual differences such as necesssity of relocation of materials and production divisions between construction sites. Besides, every construction project is unique in a sense that even a standard project requires consideration of local conditions, and differs in terms of resources delivery, storage conditions, etc. Construction project involves many different parties (project designer, contractor, subcontractors, and suppliers), creating numerous management challenges. Lean production technology in this situation recommends the interpenetration of customer and contractor units. However, such a measure only partally increases flexibility of the construction industry, but does not eliminate the reasons for the descrepency between the periods of activity of customers and contractors. The article discusses ways to ensure maximum adaptability of the construction firm to the changes in customer business cycle. Construction companies are invited to create supersystem of common universal production, labor, and service units, which will significantly increase the flexibility of the construction industry. In addition, lean production technology should be complemented with tools for monitoring changes in the physical, communicaiton, technological and design activities of construction customers.
Test calculation of steel I-beams with non-standart cross-section at restrained torsion
Authors: Dmitrieva Tatiana , Lukin Alexey , Khukhuudei Ulambayar
Published: November 2019

Solved the test problem to determine the stress-strain state of a steel I-beam with non-symmetrical flat web in conditions of restrained torsion. In the first version, the problem is solved analytically using the formulas of the mechanics of materials. The second version of the calculation is performed numerically in «ANSYS 14.5» software package based on the spatial model, where finite elements of shell type are used. A comparative analysis of numerical solution with an analytical calculation revealed the adequacy of the FE model of shell type.
How will changes in legislation affect the real estate market?
Authors: Dykusova Anastasia , Golovina Elena
Published: November 2019

The Real Estate market is heavily influenced by internal and external factors. These factors address the negative impact on the level of market stability. In many cases, market fluctuations were largely due to the changing legislation. This makes grow demands in the housing market (the primary market) on the one hand but on the other provides a significant boost leading to high price levels of square meters. Today many people get possession of real estate due to mostly by mortgage loans and shared construction preferring house-buying at the primary market cause of lower prices especially if you buy it at the start of building construction. Recently taking into account the land fraud from the construction companies and as a result revising of shared construction of making contracts is under consideration of laws regulating and other types of financing for housing construction. The transition to the new financing for housing construction system means капитала convergence toward project financing. The real estate development will need to be financed by the Bank. That approach was expected to reduce risks for builders and owners (consumers). In the advanced world this scheme is used for a long time and allows essentially simplifying the mechanism for attracting funds for construction and reducing a need for dedicated financial resources from various-level budgets for the finalization of housing projects.
Gentrification: causes and consequences for the regional housing market in Russia
Authors: Gorbachevskaya Evgeniya Yurievna
Published: November 2019

Many researchers deal with the rental housing market in Russia. All of them consider organizational and economic mechanisms of its development. The present article discusses the need to study social aspects of the real estate market for its deeper understanding and formation of effective development mechanisms. Particular attention is paid to gentrification caused by changes in the economic and political situation and causing changes in the social structure which modify the residential real estate market and its individual segments. The article studies the nature of gentrification and its consequences. The article emphasizes the need for studying economic and social laws of the real estate market.
Features of e-business development in the construction industry
Authors: Gorbachevskaya Evgeniya Yu. , Nikityuk Lubov , Timchuk Oksana G.
Published: November 2019

The research aims to develop a set of measures for planning long-term financial security and stability of the electronic business in the construction industry. The article determines the role of e-commerce and e-business for development of the national economy, structures investment and innovative approaches to national economic development. Currently, electronic commerce is the main activity of electronic business. The level of its development determines the degree of penetration of electronic business into other sectors of the national economy. The authors determined the range of problems of current e-commerce market development. On the basis of statistical data, e-commerce development trends up to 2020 were described. Based on the study, the authors proposed a model of relationships between participants of the e-business sector for developing an innovation component, including the one applied in the construction industry. According to the authors, to develop the e-commerce market, it is necessary to introduce investment-innovative tools. E-commerce will contribute to the innovative economy development, in particular the development of e-business. E-business will increase competitiveness and reduce financial and time resources, etc.
The problems of investment activity of entrepreneurship and methodological aspects of credit risks assessment
Authors: Khokhlova Galina , Kretova Natalya , Burov Vitaliy
Published: November 2019

The purpose of the scientific article is to identify the features of entrepreneurial activity in the conditions of economic instability and assessment of credit risks of the borrower in order to attract investment resources. The object of research is the entrepreneurial activity. The subject of research is the analysis and methods of credit risk minimization. The following tasks of the research are set to achieve the goal: 1) to identify the features, problems and trends in the development of entrepreneurship in Russia; 2) systematization of factors affecting the investment activity of small business; 3) definition of indicators for the analysis of credit risk of the borrower; 4) development of recommendations for credit risk management in a commercial bank in terms of providing investment resources in modern conditions. The conceptual positions revealing the essence of entrepreneurship and its characteristic features in the market conditions are analyzed. The authors prove the necessity of financial stimulation of entrepreneurial activity in the sphere of formation of investment resources at the expense of credit. The causes of critical risk in the conditions of market volatility and socio-political instability are determined. The process of credit risk management at the stage of credit issuance is considered. The possibilities of using different models of risk assessment in order to make a decision on the issuance of credit resources of investment nature for small business.
Geometrical substantiation of the graphical technique of building surface contours in perspective view
Authors: Kravcova Lina , Kostrubova Irina
Published: November 2019

The article presents the original method of geometric construction of axonometric essays of spatial forms. The imposition of the horizontal projections of these forms with the horizontal projections of their axonometric outline. is used, which makes it possible to find reference points by orthogonal drawing. The relationship between the axonometric outline of the object’s surface and the corresponding contour of the same surface on the projection drawing is established.
Transition to the project housing construction financing scheme
Authors: Kudryavtseva Vera , Vasileva Natalia
Published: November 2019

In current social and economic conditions, the construction industry has a lot of problems. It is necessary to reform the industry. One of the significant changes was implementation of the project financing scheme and abandoning of the equity construction financing scheme. Project financing is a more mature market development model. By 2020, the bank project financing scheme into the construction market will have been implemented by the Russian Government.
Developing the architectural image of Irkutsk in the current circumstances
Authors: Kulakov Anatoly , Ri Aleksey
Published: November 2019

The features and common factors of developing the spatial environment of the city based on the peculiarities of the natural landscape and historical heritage are considered in the research. Constructing three-dimensional model of the landscape as an element in the hierarchical structure will make it possible to determine the typical features of the landscape. Making the landscape unique the features will help to determine its smallest module, which visual properties should be preserved. The generalized schematic diagram of the hierarchy of landscape spaces should become a tool when trying to develop and preserve the original image of Irkutsk.
Intensification of biological wastewater treatment in a bioreactor
Authors: Kul’kov V N , Solopanov E Yu
Published: November 2019

The purpose of the research was to determine the inter regeneration period of immobilized sludge by changing the species composition and its viability on the “Brush” and “Contour” type loads, as well as to assess the specific speed of wastewater treatment in the presence of immobilized and free-floating sludge. With the use of additional biomass of sludge placed on a synthetic loading, biological treatment of wastewater is carried out by various cenoses of sludge suspended in the state, and biomass attached to the loading. A synthetic loading was placed in the experimental cell of the bioreactor, where the activated sludge was sedimented. A fine-bubble aerator for aeration of the water-sludge mixture was placed at the bottom of the experimental cell. The situation of long-term operation of the bioreactor with synthetic loading with immobilized sludge without its regeneration was simulated. The kinetics of the species composition of immobilized sludge on synthetic inert loading was studied. The specific rate of wastewater treatment was calculated, and the time of the inter regeneration period of the sludge immobilized was determined. The kinetic dependence of the species composition of the biocenosis of immobilized sludge was obtained. The optimal time of the inter regeneration period for synthetic loading of the “Brush” type was determined 5–6 days, for the loading of the “Kontur” type – 3–4 days. After these periods of time, a reduction in the specific rate of wastewater treatment begins, and there is also the possibility of secondary pollution of treated water. Mathematical expressions of the dependence of the specific cleaning rate on time for various types of loading are obtained.
Methods of evaluating the effectiveness of the insulation from the internal air temperature control
Authors: Kuzmin Sergey , Ivshyna Nadezhda
Published: November 2019

In this paper, the technique of definition of economic efficiency of energy-saving activities of the internal air temperature regulation during the daily period by means of individual regulators. Proposed analytical method assessment of the effectiveness of this method of energy saving in the long-term operation of the system.
Software for on-line testing of pipeline modeling methods
Authors: Mikhailovskii Egor
Published: November 2019

The paper considers the problem of comparative testing of mathematical methods for modeling the pipeline systems. Causes of existence of multiple alternative methods for solving the same problem are shown on the example of flow distribution problems. Many studies proposing new methods or their modifications give, as a rule, one or two numerical examples demonstrating advantages of proposed methods over others, which is surely not convincing. Practice shows that one method can be efficient for one example and fail for the other one. For this reason the issue of comparative testing of the availability and efficiency of computation methods for defining the areas of their preferred application is still open. Defined are the objectives, criteria and capabilities of such testing. The paper gives brief characteristic of the on-line IHCS software as a basic tool for gathering and interpretation of a large array of test examples, as well as techniques and initial results of its application. These results can presumably be used for forecasting the computational intensity of modeling the pipeline systems in specific computing environment using machine learning (ML) methods.
Energy efficiency forecast of the Krasnoyarsk region
Authors: Muzychuk Svetlana , Muzychuk Roman
Published: November 2019

The energy efficiency of the Russian economy lags far behind the developed countries of the world. Increasing energy efficiency and, above all, energy saving, is the source that can provide additional economic growth through organizational and technical measures. The object of research is the economy of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the increase in energy efficiency of which is of particular relevance due to its high energy intensity. The purpose of the study is to carry out an energy-economic analysis of the Krasnoyarsk Territory and to fulfill the forecast of the growth of the energy efficiency of the economy. The methodical approach developed by the authors is based on balance and statistical methods. In the course of the study, retrospective fuel and energy balances (FEB) of the Krasnoyarsk Territory (for the period 2005-2017) were developed, energy efficiency indicators were calculated and a regression equation was compiled for the forecast of the energy intensity of the gross regional product (GRP). The forecast for the development of the economy and the fuel and energy complex (FEC) of the Krasnoyarsk Territory has been made, the forecast TEBs have been developed (for the period up to 2050), the energy intensity of the regional GRP has been calculated for the long term, and measures have been proposed to increase energy efficiency.
The factors of form building in maximally perceived architecture and design
Authors: Nizamutdinova Zilya , Nikitin Victor
Published: November 2019

This paper reports the factors of form building in designing composition of any object. The goal of the work is to identify the relationships between the elements and form as the means to express the architecture and design objects, as well as their aesthetic properties. We describe different approaches and exercises for creating architectural forms and design objects.
Research on the prospects for the use of waste-based composite materials
Authors: Perfileva Yulia
Published: November 2019

The article addresses the problem of industrial pollution, in this connection considered the possibility gainful utilization of industrial wastes. The method of using it as fillers for composite materials has been proposed as the most promising direction. In process of solving the research problem was systematized waste from industry and urban economy, and were considered methods for producing composite materials. As an economic feasibility study for resource-saving technologies proposed criteria for the applicability of waste as a raw material for building supplies. The ecological efficiency of the release of new products from mineral-polymer composite materials is determined. The criteria for the efficiency of production waste for mineral-polymer composites are identified. It is shown that one of the most promising areas is the use of an environmental-economic mechanism to stimulate waste processing, for this reason has been proposed a set of integral criteria characterizing the qualitative and quantitative aspects of this process.
Digitalization of the economy, implementation of national projects and development of the construction industry
Authors: Peshkov A V
Published: November 2019

Russia’s “national projects”, intend to provide large-scale investments in human development and improving the well-being of the country’s citizens. The Russian government has published information on its website about all the 12 National Projects, which are going to be implemented up until late 2024. He work on these projects is aimed at providing breakthrough scientific-technological and socio-economic development for Russia, increasing the standard of living, creating conditions and opportunities for personal fulfillment and unlocking every person’s talent. The largest number of goals, or almost 20%, constitutes measures on infrastructure development, particularly regional road networks. To boost the construction sector, the government planned to extend the use of bank loans, not specifying the source of infrastructure mortgages.
Contract bidding and quality of industrial and civil construction
Authors: Peshkov V V , Doroshenko T G , Sukhanova I A
Published: November 2019

Quality in construction industry can be defined as the attainment of acceptable levels of performance from construction activities. This performance would be attained when the activity meets or exceeds the requirement of the client or the owner. The quality of any product or service is achieved when it conforms to the desired specifications. Achieving quality in construction industry in long run is a tough issue and has been a problem. Inefficient or no practice of quality management procedures will result in great loss of time, money, material, resources. As a result of the size and cost of most construction projects, these efforts must fit into the legal framework governing the particular property. This framework will incorporate governmental regulations on the use of the property and various obligations that are created during the process of the construction. This bidding system is the most relevant today, because it allows you to create competitive conditions for applicants for construction, choose the best contractor and conclude a contract with him on the most favorable terms, while respecting the quality of both the bidding procedure and the construction process
SmartEnergyCover simulation in the installation of mining farms with waste heat
Authors: Pospelova I
Published: November 2019

SmartEnergyCover is able to generate electricity due to nanostructured elements in the composition independently. Also it provides optimal temperature conditions by thermal energy accumulation. The cover contains heat-conducting and heat-accumulating elements in composition. There is a simulation of the practical application of SmartEnergyCover in a mining farm with waste heat.
Modern assessment of social psychological sustainability and urban environment quality
Authors: Pulyaevskaya Olga , Pulyaevskaya Evgeniya
Published: November 2019

The study is based on an interdisciplinary approach and integrates psychological methods and approaches to the urban environment assessment. The authors describe the concept of social psychological sustainability of urban environment and determine methodological foundations for study thereof, define assessment criteria for social psychological sustainability of town-planning projects as indicators of the urban development quality.
Flooring modules based on mica ceramic electric heating in construction industry
Authors: Shishelova T I , Zhitov V G
Published: November 2019

There are various systems of heating facilities for agricultural purposes. As for young-stock breeding, flooring heating systems are mainly used. In most cases, they are presented by hot water heating or a heating device embedded in concrete. But their structures contribute to significant heat waste and high water absorption capacity. The problem: the development of productive flooring heating structures is relevant. Effective heating systems employed in facilities for agricultural purposes are those based on mica ceramic electric heating. Research aim: To develop flooring heating panels based on mica ceramic electric heating to be used in facilities for agricultural purposes. Research target: A flooring heating panel is a special modular structure with mica ceramic heating elements. Research methods: a number of advanced techniques of physical-chemical studies of composite materials (X-ray diffraction analysis, thermal analysis, and IR spectroscopy) and standardized methods to comply with the All Union State Standard. Research results: The flooring modular heating panel for resistive heating systems used in facilities for agricultural purposes and personnel facilities based on mica ceramic electric heating has been developed and introduced. The technology of manufacturing original mica ceramic electric heating elements (mica ceramic electric heating) with high performance specifications has been developed. The technology is used in the flooring heating model. The physical and chemical processes occurring when producing mica ceramic electric heating have been pointed out. The formula of the load for manufacturing new composite materials has been recommended.
Methods for producing laboratory samples of soils reinforced with inorganic binders
Authors: Slobodchikova Nadezhda
Published: November 2019

The article discusses the methods for producing laboratory samples of soils reinforced with inorganic binders. In the Russian Federation, production of laboratory samples of reinforced soils is regulated by SS 23558-94 “Road and airfield construction mixtures of black stone, gravel-sand and soils reinforced with inorganic binders. Technical conditions (with amendments No 1, 2) and SS “Public roads. Soils reinforced with inorganic binders. Specifications”. These documents describe two approaches to sample production: the impact method and the static load method. The article studies the application of these methods in the laboratory conditions. It was found that the impact method has a number of drawbacks that distort physical and mechanical characteristics of reinforced soils. It was found that the static load method is the most accurate and less labor intensive. The use of cylindric forms for producing samples of reinforced soil simplifies the production process and improves geometric characteristics of the samples.
Innovative development of Irkutsk region
Authors: Turkova Valentina , Arkhipova Anastasia
Published: November 2019

The article discusses the current state of innovation development of Irkutsk region, including single-industry towns, main innovation activities, problems and prospects. The main constraints of the innovative development of Irkutsk region are as follows: dependence of the regional economy on the political and administrative control of the federal authorities; excessive control of the government over economic processes and lack of protection from economic risks of innovative entrepreneurship; strategic uncertainty. There are three groups of agents of innovation development: large companies, the government, and universities. Cooperation trends are typical of the region. Interaction of the subjects of innovation activities is efficient: the subjects select the best practices, determine organizational formats of interaction, develop and formalize traditional forms of cooperation. The article developed a set of practical measures to stimulate innovative development of the region.
Development of urban infrastructure on the example of Ulan-Ude
Authors: Zharkaya Galina , Sangin Bato , Ayurova Oyuna
Published: November 2019

Development of modern cities requires strategic urban infrastructure development planning and assessment of measures aimed at improving the urban environment. The article deals with the issues of engineering, social and transport infrastructure. It presents statistical data that describe urban infrastructure development projects implemented by the municipal authorities.
The heat treatment duration effect on the efficiency of a catalyst for carbon nanotubes synthesis
Authors: Burakova E , Besperstova G , Tkachev A , Dyachkova T , Tugolukov E , Gutnik I , Orlova N
Published: November 2019

The present paper shows that the duration of the pre-catalyst heat treatment stage implementation for obtaining a metal oxide Co-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst through thermal decomposition has a significant impact on its effectiveness in the synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) via chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The size of active sites formed and the specific surface area of the Co-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst were found to depend on the pre-catalyst heat treatment conditions. It was experimentally proved that the characteristics of both the catalyst (specific surface area and efficiency) and the CNTs (diameter and degree of defectiveness) can be controlled by the mode parameters of the thermal decomposition stage. The research results confirm the possibility of obtaining an effective catalyst system without implementing the secondary heat treatment stage - calcination. Moreover, the use of the Co-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst, obtained according to this procedure, in the CVD process allows to reduce the cost of CNTs synthesized.
Polyaniline/mesoporous carbon composites as promising materials for supercapacitors
Authors: Gutnik I V , Dyachkova T P , Burakova E A , Gavrilov I A
Published: November 2019

The surface modification of mesoporous carbon with polyaniline was carried out by the method of oxidative polymerization of aniline. It was found that the initial conditions for the synthesis and the percentage of carbon template in the reaction mixture have little effect on the course of temperature dependencies. However, these parameters affect the yield of the target product and the electrically conductive characteristics of the resulting materials. Composites with a polyaniline/mesoporous carbon mass ratio of 1:1 have better electrical conductivity. The electrical capacity of these samples in the aqueous electrolyte is 299.6 F/g, which is 3.5 times higher than in the organic electrolyte. Information on the polyaniline in the modifying layer on the surface of the mesoporous carbon was obtained by the method of Raman spectroscopy.
Investigation of the properties of carbon quantum dots synthesized by the hydrothermal method
Authors: Smagulova S , Egorova M , Tomskaya A
Published: November 2019

Carbon quantum dots have a number of advantages and can be widely used as a material for photodetectors, chemical element detectors, biosensors, and for various optoelectronic applications. The optimal conditions for the hydrothermal synthesis of carbon quantum dots from glucose are considered. Carbon quantum dots, having an amorphous-crystalline structure with functional surface groups, were obtained. Luminescence spectra of these dots showed the presence of bright luminescence in the green region. The dependences of the luminescence spectra as a function of the excitation length were measured. Experiments on the functionalization of the carbon quantum dots with chromophores were carried out in order to study their effect on the luminescence intensity.
Synthesis and characterization of polyethylene terephthalate-reduced graphene oxide composites
Authors: Mikhaylov P A , Vinogradov M I , Levin I S , Shandryuk G A , Lubenchenko A V , Kulichikhin V G
Published: November 2019

By means ofin situmelt polycondensation of polyethylenterephathalate accompanied with simultaneous reduction of introduced graphene oxide, the composite of polyethylenterephathalate filled with reduced graphene oxide was prepared. Melting and crystallization of the reduced graphene oxide – polyethyleneterephthalate composite was studied by the differential scanning calorimetry method, and the rheological test was carried out by rotational rheometry and compared to the pristine polyethylenterephathalate. The morphology of the reduced graphene oxide – polyethyleneterephthalate composite was studied using optical microscopy. The reduced graphene oxide was isolated from the reduced graphene oxide – polyethyleneterephthalate composite and characterized by thermogravimetry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-Ray diffraction methods. Since a part of polymer could not be removed from reduced graphene oxide particles by trifluoroacetic acid, the hypothesis about probable grafting of polyethyleneterephthalate on reduced graphene oxide sheets was suggested. Rheological behaviour of the reduced graphene oxide – polyethyleneterephthalate composite melt confirms this suggestion. According to the calculations based on thermogravimetry, the reduced graphene oxide, isolated from the reduced graphene oxide – polyethyleneterephthalate composite, consists of about 80% polyethyleneterephthalate.
Kinetic studies on toluene removal from aqueous solutions using carbon nanotubes
Authors: Kucherova A , Shubin I , Yermakov A , Gerasimova A , Memetov N , Popova A
Published: November 2019

The effectiveness of Taunit-M carbon nanotubes in removing toluene from aqueous media was studied. Adsorption kinetic data were analyzed implementing the simple Weber-Morris diffusion model and very common phenomenological models (Lagergren and Ho-McKay) which simulate mass transfer processes through using formal equations for chemical kinetics. Investigating the correspondence of the experimental data to different models as regards adsorption kinetics, it can be should assumed that the toluene adsorption on the carbon nanotubes represents a two-stage process consisting of the phenomena of diffusive transfer and adsorption itself. The analysis of the temperature effect on the equilibrium sorption shows that the Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) values vary in the range typical of adsorption interactions.