bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of heavy metals (Pb and Cd) in seagrasses Thalassia hemprichii and Enhalus acoroides from Pulau Sembilan, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors: ROSALINA DWI , ROMBE KATARINA HESTY , JAMIL KHAIRUL , SURACHMAT AGUS
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Rosalina D, Rombe KH, Jamil K, Surachmat A. 2022. Analysis of heavy metals (Pb and Cd) in seagrasses Thalassia hemprichii and Enhalus acoroides from Pulau Sembilan, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2139-2145. Seagrasses are flowering plants (Angiospermae) with fruit, flowers, leaves, rhizomes and roots that grow in shallow marine waters. The seagrasses Thalassia hemprichii and Enhalus acoroides have been observed growing around Pulau Sembilan in Sinjai Regency, Indonesia, specifically Kambuno, Katindoang, and Liang-Liang Islands. Meanwhile, human activities such as seaweed cultivation, recreation, marine transportation, fishing boats and ports/piers, and human settlements produce heavy metals that affect these plants. Therefore, this research was conducted to measure the lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) content in T. hemprichii and E. acoroides (roots and leaves) as well as in the water column and sediment in Pulau Sembilan, Sinjai Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The research was conducted using a descriptive method and the sites were determined through purposive sampling. The Pb and Cd content were analyzed at the Laboratory of the Makassar Plantation Product Center using the AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) method. The results showed that both seagrasses accumulated Pb and Cd in leaves and roots. Seagrass Pb content was higher than Cd content: in T. hemprichii, the Pb content in roots and leaves was 1.485 mg/kg and 2.861 mg/kg, respectively; in E. acoroides they were 1.512 mg/kg and 8.343 mg/kg, respectively. Pb content was also higher than Cd content in the water column (1.083 mg/L) and sediment (7.753 mg/kg). Concentrations of both heavy metals exceeded the Indonesian environmental quality standard in the seagrasses and in the ambient environment.
Assessing the seagrasses meadows status and condition: A case study of Wori Seagrass Meadows, North Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: SONDAK CALVYN FREDRIK ALDUS , KALIGIS ERLY YOSEF
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Sondak CFA, Kaligis EY. 2022. Assessing the seagrasses meadows status and condition: A case study of Wori Seagrass Meadows, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2156-2166. Seagrass meadows play an important role in the coastal ecosystem through the services they provide, however, they are one of the most threatened ecosystems in the coastal environment due to anthropogenic influences and rapid environmental changes. Seagrass meadows extent is not validated and the health condition is left unmonitored and unreported. In Indonesia, the information about the current status of seagrass meadows’ extent and health conditions is limited. We assess the seagrass meadow abundance, status, and health condition. We provide information about species abundance, density threats, and the health status of seagrass meadows in North Sulawesi, Indonesia, particularly in Wori District. This district has a vast extent of seagrass meadows but has been affected by the expansion of the industrial/tourism area within the region. This study found that seagrass meadows’ coverages were moderate, but their health status was unhealthy. Six seagrass species are found in this area, including Enhalus acoroides (L.f.) Royle, Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb.) Aschers, Cymodocea rotundata (Asch. & Schweinf.), Halodule pinifolia (Miki) Hartog, Halophila ovalis (R.Br.) Hook. F., and Syringodium isoetifolium (Asch.) Dandy. Our results highlight the communities’ activities, including gleaning, boat propeller, anchoring, mooring, sedimentation, and the effects of climate change on the environment as factors that could affect seagrass meadows' extent and health condition in the study sites.
The rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) chromosomes
Authors: PUTRI IMANOVTA ICHTI SANTOSO , YUNIASTUTI ENDANG , PARJANTO PARJANTO
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Putri IIS, Yuniastuti E, Parjanto. 2022. The rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) chromosomes. Biodiversitas 23: 2196-2202.  Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) is an annual plant with a wide distribution, it generates this plant to have diversity. The diversity is more often found in morphological characters, in this case, its genetics has not been discovered. The genetics of rambutan could also be indicated by its chromosome karyotype. This research was conducted using the squashing method. The genetic material used was four rambutan varieties which are: Ace, Binjai, Lebak Bulus, and Rapiah. For each variety, the study process will be repeated three times. The results of the study showed rambutan chromosome number in all varieties was 22 chromosomes (2n=22) with an average chromosome size of Ace was 1.777±0.363 µm, followed by Binjai was 1.477±0.392 µm, Lebak Bulus was 1.418±0.320 µm, and Rapiah was 1.443±0.315 µm, and the chromosome shape is metacentric. The karyotype formula obtained was 2n=2x=22=11m.
Inventory of Annonaceae in Abasig-Matogdon-Mananap Natural Biotic Area, Camarines Norte, Bicol, Philippines
Authors: RETUERMA-DIONEDA ANNE , ALEJANDRO GRECEBIO JONATHAN D.
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Retuerma-Dioneda A, Alejandro GJD. 2022. Inventory of Annonaceae in Abasig-Matogdon-Mananap Natural Biotic Area, Camarines Norte, Bicol, Philippines. Biodiversitas 23: 2213-2224. The Abasig-Matogdon-Mananap Natural Biotic Area (AMMNBA) is a protected area home to endemic plants; however, Annonaceae remains understudied. The study provided a checklist of Annonaceae species in the area and their taxonomic keys, endemicity and conservation status. Field surveys were conducted in January 2020 and July 2021 in San Vicente and Labo, Camarines Norte. The 110 species identified belong to 11 genera- Artabotrys, Drepananthus, Fissistigma, Friesodielsia, Goniothalamus, Meiogyne, Monoon, Phaeanthus, Polyalthia, Popowia, and Uvaria and five (5) tribes: Ambaviodeae, Annoneae, Miliuseae, Uvarieae, and Xylopieae. Four (4) endemic species were recorded: Friesodielsia lanceolata, Polyalthia luzonensis, Polyalthia lanceolata and Goniothalamus elmeri. This study provides baseline information on Annonaceae species in AMMNBA for appropriate conservation policies and proper management of the potential economic benefits.
The water quality monitoring of vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) ponds in East Tanete Riattang District, Bone Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Harlina Harlina , Ilmiah Ilmiah , Hamdillah Andi , Jarir Dewi Virgiastuti , Salam Ahmad Darul
Published: April 2022

The monitoring of water quality is an essential process of shrimp production. This study aimed to evaluate the water quality based on physical, chemical, and biological parameters in a vannamei shrimp pond, which is managed by an intensive system in East Tanete Riattang District, Bone Regency. The sampling of parameters was conducted from March to April 2020 at the ponds in three villages, which include Waetuo (station A), Panyula (station B), and Toro (station C). The water quality was evaluated at each sampling site based on certain factors, such as dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, salinity, pH, ammonia, and bacterial population. The results showed that the temperature, salinity, pH, DO, and bacterial populations ranged from 26 to 30 °C, 25 to 35 ppt, 5.5 to 7.0, 5.5 to 7.0 ppm, and 3.5 × 101 to 2.1 × 103, respectively. According to the National Standard of Indonesia for shrimp culture, the range of these water quality parameters was suitable for vannamei shrimp life. Meanwhile, the level of ammonia was 1.7 to 1.8 ppm, which exceeded the normal range that supports the vannamei shrimp life-cycle.Keywords:Water quality, Ponds, Litopenaeus vannamei,Ammonia,Vibriosis
Effect of feedings with different protein levels and dietary supplemental rElGH on culture performances of sex reversed Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Safir Muhammad , Alimuddin Alimuddin , Setiawati Mia , Suprayudi Muhammad Agus , Junior Muhammad Zairin
Published: April 2022

This study aims to evaluate the culture performance of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) that have been treated with 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) and without MT (w-MT), feed with different protein levels (20, 24, and 28%) and recombinant Epinephelus lanceolatus growth hormone (rElGH)-diet. The research was conducted in 9 treatments and triplicate. Tilapia larvae were soaked twice, totaling 500 larvae, at the age of 10 days after hatching (DAH) and the age of 14 DAH was soaked for 4 hours using 1/l MT 2 mg/l solution. Fish maintenance was conducted in an aquarium of 1.0x0.5x0.5 m3 in the first month, and three months later in net cages (2.0x2.0x1.5 m3). Daily growth rate (DGR) and biomass gain (BG) were increased in line with increasing feed protein content and rElGH supplementation. The highest DGR and BG values were MT+28+rElGH (P 0.05) treatment. The highest feed consumption and the lowest feed conversion ratio were also obtained in the MT+28+rElGH treatment (P 0.05). Fish survival was ranged from 79.89 to 90.28% (P 0.05). The highest profit potential was found in the MT+28+rElGH treatment. The efficient aquaculture can be obtained by feeding sex-reversed tilapia at a protein level of 28% and a diet supplemented with rElGH.Keywords:Feed conversion ratioGrowth hormoneProtein retention17α-methyltestosterone
Diversity of commercially important grouper (Family: Epinephelidae) in Simeulue and Banyak Islands, Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Razi Nanda Muhammad , Muchlisin Zainal A. , Ramadhaniaty Mutia , Damora Adrian , Nur Firman M. , Siti-Azizah Mohd Nor , Fadli Nur
Published: April 2022

Grouper is one of the economically important fish groups in the Simeulue and Banyak Islands. However, data on the diversity of the grouper in this region is still limited. This study aimed to inventory the commercially important grouper in Simeulue and Banyak Islands. Sampling was carried out in April - September 2021 at sixteen locations around Simeulue and Banyak Islands. In total, 20 species of commercial grouper consisting of 6 genera were recorded during the study. Epinephelus was the most dominant genus with ten species, followed by Cephalopholis with four species. In addition, seventeen species (85%) were included in the Least Concern (LC), two species (10%) were categorized as Vulnerable (VU), and one species (5%) was Data Deficient (DD). This study provides a database of commercially important grouper in Simeulue and Banyak Islands that can be used to manage the fish group.
Robust correction of interferometer phase drift in transmission matrix measurements
Authors: Mouthaan Ralf , Christopher Peter J. , Gordon George S. D. , Wilkinson Timothy D. , Euser Tijmen G.
Published: April 2022

A complex-valued transmission matrix describing a scattering medium can be constructed from a sequence of many interferometric measurements. A major challenge in such experiments is to correct for rapid phase drift of the optical system during the data acquisition process, especially when the phase drifts significantly between consecutive measurements. Therefore, a new method is presented where the exact phase drift between two measurements is characterized and corrected using a single additional measurement. This approach removes the need to continuously track the phase and significantly relaxes the phase stability requirements of the interferometer, allowing transmission matrices to be constructed in the presence of fast and erratic phase drift.
Text detection and recognition based on a lensless imaging system
Authors: Zhang Yinger , Wu Zhouyi , Lin Peiying , Wu Yuting , Wei Lusong , Huang Zhengjie , Huangfu Jiangtao
Published: April 2022

Lensless cameras are characterized by several advantages (e.g., miniaturization, ease of manufacture, and low cost) as compared with conventional cameras. However, they have not been extensively employed due to their poor image clarity and low image resolution, especially for tasks that have high requirements on image quality and details such as text detection and text recognition. To address the problem, a framework of deep-learning-based pipeline structure was built to recognize text with three steps from raw data captured by employing lensless cameras. This pipeline structure consisted of the lensless imaging model U-Net, the text detection model connectionist text proposal network (CTPN), and the text recognition model convolutional recurrent neural network (CRNN). Compared with the method focusing only on image reconstruction, U-Net in the pipeline was able to supplement the imaging details by enhancing factors related to character categories in the reconstruction process, so the textual information can be more effectively detected and recognized by CTPN and CRNN with fewer artifacts and high-clarity reconstructed lensless images. By performing experiments on datasets of different complexities, the applicability to text detection and recognition on lensless cameras was verified. This study reasonably demonstrates text detection and recognition tasks in the lensless camera system, and develops a basic method for novel applications.
Antithetic effect of interferon-α on cell-free and cell-to-cell HIV-1 infection
Authors: Kumata Ryuichi , Iwanami Shoya , Mar Katrina B. , Kakizoe Yusuke , Misawa Naoko , Nakaoka Shinji , Koyanagi Yoshio , Perelson Alan S. , Schoggins John W. , Iwami Shingo , Sato Kei
Published: April 2022

In HIV-1-infected individuals, transmitted/founder (TF) virus contributes to establish new infection and expands during the acute phase of infection, while chronic control (CC) virus emerges during the chronic phase of infection. TF viruses are more resistant to interferon-alpha (IFN-α)-mediated antiviral effects than CC virus, however, its virological relevance in infected individuals remains unclear. Here we perform an experimental-mathematical investigation and reveal that IFN-α strongly inhibits cell-to-cell infection by CC virus but only weakly affects that by TF virus. Surprisingly, IFN-α enhances cell-free infection of HIV-1, particularly that of CC virus, in a virus-cell density-dependent manner. We further demonstrate that LY6E, an IFN-stimulated gene, can contribute to the density-dependent enhancement of cell-free HIV-1 infection. Altogether, our findings suggest that the major difference between TF and CC viruses can be explained by their resistance to IFN-α-mediated inhibition of cell-to-cell infection and their sensitivity to IFN-α-mediated enhancement of cell-free infection.
Investigating the migration of immiscible contaminant fluid flow in homogeneous and heterogeneous aquifers with high-precision numerical simulations
Authors: Feo Alessandra , Celico Fulvio
Published: April 2022

Numerical modeling of the migration of three-phase immiscible fluid flow in variably saturated zones is challenging due to the different behavior of the system between unsaturated and saturated zones. This behavior results in the use of different numerical methods for the numerical simulation of the fluid flow depending on whether it is in the unsaturated or saturated zones. This paper shows that using a high-resolution shock-capturing conservative method to resolve the nonlinear governing coupled partial differential equations of a three-phase immiscible fluid flow allows the numerical simulation of the system through both zones providing a unitary vision (and resolution) of the migration of an immiscible contaminant problem within a porous medium. In particular, using different initial scenarios (including impermeable “lenses” in heterogeneous aquifers), three-dimensional numerical simulation results are presented on the temporal evolution of the contaminant migration following the saturation profiles of the three-phases fluids flow in variably saturated zones. It is considered either light nonaqueous phase liquid with a density less than the water, or dense nonaqueous phase liquid, which has densities greater than the water initially released in unsaturated dry soil. Our study shows that the fate of the migration of immiscible contaminants in variably saturated zones can be accurately described, using a unique mathematical conservative model, with different evolution depending on the value of the system’s physical parameters, including the contaminant density, and accurately tracking the evolution of the sharp (shock) contaminant front.
Adaptation and gestic oscillation: Jane Eyre at the National Theatre
Authors: D’Arcy Jeanette
Published: April 2022

This article links scholarship on intertextuality and dialogism applied in the field of adaptation studies with theories of Verfremdungseffekt and semiotics applied in performance and theatre studies via the concept of ‘oscillation’. In its manifestation of the dialogue between ‘same’ and ‘different’, the process and product of adaptation are potentially revelatory in function, and when adapting for the stage this revelatory function makes the act of adaptation gestic in attitude, creating the possibility of activating an interpretive stance in the audience and the potential to effect social change beyond the theatre. These gestic oscillations are explored here via a case study of the Sally Cookson and Jane Eyre Company’s Jane Eyre (2016). The article reads this production as offering a hopeful experience through gestic approaches and utopian moments that promised an intersectional feminist awareness of how gender and race are socially constructed, but ultimately did not go far enough in ‘augmenting’ the adapted text to deliver on this promise.
Opera-to-opera adaptation revived: Barrie Kosky and Elena Kats-Chernin’s Monteverdi Trilogie at the Komische Oper Berlin, instrumentation, localization and community
Authors: Severn John R.
Published: April 2022

In 2012, Barrie Kosky opened his first season as head of the Komische Oper Berlin by staging adaptations of three Monteverdi operas. Alongside using more familiar forms of adaptation, Kosky commissioned Elena Kats-Chernin to adapt the scores, focusing on instrumentation. While opera-to-opera adaptation is comparatively rare today, it has a long and rich history. The article first proposes three categories of reasons for opera-to-opera adaptation in the past. It then sets Kosky and Kats-Chernin’s Monteverdi productions in the context of this largely forgotten history, arguing that a historical awareness allows the Monteverdi Trilogie to be understood in terms of continuity rather than rupture, and clarifies some of Kosky and Kats-Chernin’s approaches in terms of a vigorous but respectful engagement with opera and its place in the modern city, in terms of recuperating aspects of operatic reception now frequently lost, and in prompting a reconsideration of localization and community inclusion. The article argues that the combination of Kats-Chernin’s adaptation for a variety of western and non-western, classical and non-classical instruments, and the visibility of the instrumentalists, including migrant musicians, that Kosky’s staging enabled set the tone for Kosky’s tenure at the Komische Oper, especially in terms of community and inclusion.
‘Peter Brook’s Night of the Living Dead’: Horror, cinema and the post-war theatre
Authors: Jancovich Mark
Published: April 2022

An examination of the relationship between theatre and film that focuses on the work of figures associated with the post-war British theatre but whose film work was often understood in terms of horror. In particular, it examines the ways in which their work was understood as shocking audiences through a confrontation with repressed materials and as narratively staging conflicts between protagonists that represent conflicting ideas. In other words, these stories were often understood as staging battles between characters that sought to assert domination and control over their adversaries, battles that often featured psychological cruelty and destructiveness.
Time and relative dimensions in serialization: Doctor Who, serialization, fandom and the adaptation of a police box
Authors: McLean James
Published: April 2022

This article investigates the aesthetic of the twentieth-century Metropolitan Police box and its ongoing association with the TARDIS time machine from the BBC’s television science-fiction show, Doctor Who. Doctor Who fans explore the police box aesthetic through its multiple identities, where it is celebrated, investigated and recreated. This article draws on Catherine Johnson’s theories of pseudo-diegesis and extra-diegesis to demonstrate how such fan interests have a visible effect on Doctor Who’s ongoing production decision-making. In doing so, this article argues for greater attention on non-human social actors within adaptation, and how consumer interest, enacted in multiple ways, has potential power in the shaping and reshaping, of the diegetic worlds of ongoing serializations.
This Version of Bartleby: Making Melville’s short story present
Authors: Serrano Elena Arroyo
Published: April 2022

This Version of Bartleby is a film adaptation of Herman Melville’s ‘Bartleby, the Scrivener’. How to adapt cinematically a character so closely related to writing? Bartleby works copying texts non-stop in order to face nothingness. He is, in the words of Spanish philosopher José Luis Pardo, a graphic sign, and Bartleby’s favourite expression, ‘I would prefer not to’ is close to what Deleuze called ‘agrammaticality’. It might be that the best film adaptation for Bartleby is one that deals with these issues while also questioning the nature of images. This Version of Bartleby has no images or sounds. It consists of an animated text that becomes an image in its own movement. The text, in conditional tense, describes how a hypothetical Bartleby’s movie would look and sound: ‘Here, this or that would be seen’; ‘Here this or that would be heard’. The result is a non-movie. Like Melville’s Bartleby character, the film’s power emerges from its own nothingness. In the film, the old battle between image and the word takes shape. However, we might get glimpses of a connection between both media through the spectator. Both viewer and reader, the spectator creates their own meaning. They could be Bartleby himself, looking at something beyond the blinds, while nobody around him really knows what it is that he sees. This way of seeing, is it not essentially cinematographic?
Estimating forest attributes in airborne laser scanning based inventory using calibrated predictions from external models
Authors: de Lera Garrido Ana , Gobakken Terje , Ørka Hans , Næsset Erik , Bollandsås Ole
Published: April 2022

Forest management inventories assisted by airborne laser scanner data rely on predictive models traditionally constructed and applied based on data from the same area of interest. However, forest attributes can also be predicted using models constructed with data external to where the model is applied, both temporal and geographically. When external models are used, many factors influence the predictionsâ accuracy and may cause systematic errors. In this study, volume, stem number, and dominant height were estimated using external model predictions calibrated using a reduced number of up-to-date local field plots or using predictions from reparametrized models. We assessed and compared the performance of three different calibration approaches for both temporally and spatially external models. Each of the three approaches was applied with different numbers of calibration plots in a simulation, and the accuracy was assessed using independent validation data. The primary findings were that local calibration reduced the relative mean difference in 89% of the cases, and the relative root mean squared error in 56% of the cases. Differences between application of temporally or spatially external models were minor, and when the number of local plots was small, calibration approaches based on the observed prediction errors on the up-to-date local field plots were better than using the reparametrized models. The results showed that the estimates resulting from calibrating external models with 20 plots were at the same level of accuracy as those resulting from a new inventory.
China’s Fiscal Policies to Solve Impact of Externalities and Environment
Authors: zhang can , Khalid Nur Ajrun
Published: April 2022

Environmental pollution, resource waste, and ecological imbalance issues occur frequently in China, including air pollution, water pollution, waste disposal, land desertification and sand disasters, soil erosion, biodiversity destruction, and so on. This not only restricts our country's economic development, but also endangers the people's living standards and quality of life. Especially due to the properties of environmental resources, namely external properties, is more easily lead to market failure. Because the negative externalities of the environment have an impact on economic development and human existence, the government must improve its support for environmental protection.

Although the effect of environmental protection has increased in recent years, and China's fiscal policy on environmental protection has improved, the strength of these policies is insufficient in terms of both fund investment and policy formulation. We must strengthen environmental preservation while boosting economic development. As a result, the government's and fiscal policy's unique role in environmental protection is critical.
Symptom Association for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease by pH Monitoring After Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy
Authors: DeWitt John M. , Kessler William R. , Wo John M. , Stainko Sarah , Perkins Anthony , Dickason Destenee , Al-Haddad Mohammad A. , Siwiec Robert
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION:

There are limited data correlating symptoms with reflux episodes during pH studies after peroral endoscopic myotomy.

METHODS:

Consecutive patients who underwent POEM followed up ≥6 months later by 48-hour ambulatory wireless pH testing off antisecretory therapy were identified. Reflux symptom association was defined as symptom association probability >95%.

RESULTS:

The most frequent symptoms of heartburn (47.2%), cough (45.1%), and chest pain (39.6%) were associated with a positive reflux symptom association (symptom association probability >95%) in 20.9%, 17.1%, and 19.4%, respectively.

DISCUSSION:

There is poor correlation between reported symptoms and esophageal acid exposure during pH testing after POEM.
O anthropos de Protágoras:
Authors: Pereira Bianca Vilhena C.
Published: April 2022

O anthropos de Protágoras: do singular ao comum
Resumo: Com base no Teeteto de Platão, busca-se compreender a dimensão do termo ánthropos na famosa sentença de Protágoras. Segundo a crítica platônica, Protágoras parece entender corpo e alma como diferentes tipos de percipientes: os órgãos sensoriais corporais percebem a aparência imediata de algo que provoca a sensibilidade; a alma, por sua vez, ‘percebe’ por ter julgamentos admitidos pela aprendizagem e experiência. O homem-medida protagórico, do tema da realidade sensível, conduz-nos à formulação do problema em termos de julgamento e opinião, e a medida, que inicialmente é atribuída a cada indivíduo, para além de cada ser humano, é reputada a cada cidade.
Palavras-chave: Homem-medida; Protágoras; Paideia; Democracia; Teeteto.
 
The ánthropos of Protagoras: from singular to common
Abstract: Based on Plato's Theaetetus, we seek to understand the dimension of the term ánthropos in the famous sentence of Protagoras. According to Platonic criticism, Protagoras seems to understand body and soul as different types of percipients: the bodily sensory organs perceive the immediate appearance of something that provokes sensitivity; the soul 'perceives' by having judgments admitted by learning and experience. The protagorical measure-man, from the theme of sensible reality, leads us to formulate the problem in terms of judgment and opinion, and the measure, which is initially attributed to each individual, in addition to each human being, is reputed to each city.
Keywords: Man-measure; Protagoras; Paideia; Democracy; Theaetetus.
 
El antropos de Protágoras: del singular al común
Resumen: Con base en el Teeteto de Platón, buscamos comprender la dimensión del término ánthropos en la famosa oración de Protágoras. Según la crítica platónica, Protágoras parece entender el cuerpo y el alma como diferentes tipos de perceptores: los órganos sensoriales corporales perciben la aparición inmediata de algo que provoca la sensibilidad; el alma, a su vez, "percibe" al admitir juicios mediante el aprendizaje y la experiencia. El hombre-medida protagórico, desde el tema de la realidad sensible, nos lleva a formular el problema en términos de juicio y opinión, y la medida, que inicialmente se atribuye a cada individuo, además de cada persona, se le atribuye a cada ciudad.
Palabras clave: Hombre medida; Protágoras; Paideia; Democracia; Teeteto.
 
Data de registro: 15/07/2021
Data de aceite: 15/03/2022
Pensar a técnica e a tecnologia com Álvaro Vieira Pinto:
Authors: Pereira Lucas Carvalho Soares de Aguiar
Published: April 2022

Pensar a técnica e a tecnologia com Álvaro Vieira Pinto: contribuições para o ensino da filosofia no ensino médio profissional
Resumo: Este artigo apresenta uma análise do processo de fabricação dos conceitos relacionados à técnica e à tecnologia na obra “O conceito de Tecnologia” (Vol. 1) de Álvaro Vieira Pinto. Primeiramente aborda-se os conceitos de máquina e de técnica e o modo como esses conceitos se conectam com o problema do “desenvolvimento” nacional. Em seguida explora-se o problema da ideologização da noção de “era tecnológica” e a relação do conceito de tecnologia com a ideologia dominante. Por fim a partir da metodologia do ensino de filosofia por problemas, propõe caminhos possíveis para a introdução do ensino da filosofia da técnica e da filosofia da tecnologia no ensino médio profissional.
Palavras-chave: Álvaro Vieira Pinto; Filosofia da Tecnologia; Ensino Médio Profissional; Filosofia Brasileira.
 
Thinking about technique and technology with Álvaro Vieira Pinto: contributions to the teaching of philosophy in Technical High School
Abstract: This paper analyzes the conceptualization of techcnique and technology in the book “The Concept of Technology” (Vol.1) of Álvaro Vieira Pinto. The first section focus on the concepts of machine and technique and the connections with the “national developlment problem” in Vieira Pinto work. Then the text explores the ideological treatment of the concept of “Technological Era” and the relationship between technology and dominant ideology. In the end, guided by the methodology of teaching philosophy through problems, the last section proposes some paths to introduce the philosophy of technique and techonology in the practice of teaching Philosophy in the Technical High School.
Key-words: Álvaro Vieira Pinto; Philosophy of Technology; Technical High School; Brazilian Philosophy.
 
Penser la technique et la technologie avec Álvaro Vieira Pinto : contributions à l'enseignement de la philosophie dans l'enseignement technique secondaire
Résumé: Cet article présente une analyse de les méthodes de fabrication de concepts liés à la technique et à la technologie dans l'ouvrage « Le concept de la Technologie » (Vol. 1) d'Álvaro Vieira Pinto. D’abord, les concepts de machine et de technique sont discutés, ainsi que la manière dont ces concepts sont liés au problème du « développement national». Ensuite, les problèmes de l'idéologisation de la notion d'« âge technologique » et de la relation du concept de technologie avec l'idéologie dominante sont explorés. Enfin, à partir de la méthodologie de l'enseignement de la philosophie par problèmes, on propose des pistes possibles pour introduire la philosophie de la technique et la philosophie de la technologie dans l'enseignement secondaire technique.
Mots-clés: Álvaro Vieira Pinto; Philosophie de la Technologie; Enseignement Secondaire Technique; Philosophie Brésilienne.
 
Data de registro: 13/10/2021
Data de aceite: 15/03/2022
18–19. századi magyar India-utazók emlékezete
Authors: Zagyi Nándor
Published: April 2022

The present study provides a comprehensive overview of the 18th–19th century Hungarian or Hungary-related India travellers. In this context, relying upon the author’s subjective value judgement, individuals who visited India and South Asia, respectively, at any point during the period indicated in the title are systematized according to the strength of their work’s and oeuvre’s connection to the Indian subcontinent, as well as their social backgrounds, occupations, motives and goals, and not least the value of their contribution to travel and scientific literature and their significance in the history of science. In the case of India travellers in the strict sense, i.e. whose oeuvre is closely intertwined with India, the author devotes a separate analysis to the everyday and scientific aspects of their memory, their positions in memory space, the appearance of their memory in physical form, and the reasons behind the differences perceptible in these issues.
From Gas Hysteria to Nuclear Fear
Authors: Thompson Peter
Published: April 2022

While the histories of chemical and nuclear weapons are often categorically demarcated, this paper presents the transitional history between the development of early chemical weapons and the first atomic bomb in order to reveal both the institutional and imaginary connections between the two. In the wake of World War I, nationalized chemical weapons research provided one blueprint for the kind of large-scale military-industrial-academic complex required to build the atomic bomb. The German chemical weapons laboratories at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physical and Electrochemistry (KWI), directed by Fritz Haber, were particularly successful in creating a hierarchical mobilization of people, funds, and materials that the Americans were able to replicate both in their own chemical weapons production and when building the atomic bomb in the early 1940s. Institutional and cultural similarities between these weapons programs were further fertilized by a strikingly similar interwar imagining of both chemical and radiological weapons. These prophecies prefigured certain eye-witness reports from the dropping of the first atomic bombs, where radioactive clouds supposedly spread over the bomb site. In reality, there were important distinctions in both power and method of destruction between chemical weapons and the atomic bomb, but the post–World War II positing of a newly demarcated “Atomic Age” created a conceptual distance between poison gas and nuclear weapons. By pointing to chemistry’s significant contributions (both real and imaginary) to the creation of the atomic bomb, this article reminds readers of the rhetorical similarities and institutional connections between the two weapons with an eye toward broadening our categorical understanding of the atmospheric weapons that still threaten the world today.
The Ukrainian schooling of students in Vasyl′ Pachovs′kyi’s conception
Authors:   Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University, Hirniak Svitlana
Published: April 2022

This article examines the vision of the Ukrainian education at schools in Eastern Galicia on the first third of the 20th-century timeline by Dr. Vasylʹ Pachovsʹkyi, who introduced his pedagogical ideas at the 1935 First Ukrainian Pedagogical Congress in Lviv. Pachovsʹkyi, a poet, scholar, and educator with more than 25 years of experience, believed that subjects in the Ukrainian language and literature, history, art, music, and geography should form the foundation of Ukrainian studies. According to him, the Ukrainian generation had to be educated by a school in which the Ukrainian national spirit is formed and Ukrainian is the language of instruction. The paper analyzes the linguistic peculiarities of Pachovsʹkyi’s report, in particular its lexical peculiarities, and outlines other linguistic means characteristic of Pachovsʹkyi’s idiolect. Similar to other participants of the First Ukrainian Pedagogical Congress in Lviv in 1935, Pachovsʹkyi advanced theoretical and methodological principles of Galician schooling and defined a strategy regarding organization and implementation of the native Ukrainian language in education. A goal of the intelligentsia in the late 20th — early 21st century, as well as the late 19th —early 20th century, was to shape public opinion as to how significant the enlightenment and education are and to attain the people’s spiritual growth. The promoting of critical thinking skills was/is to help keep building the Ukrainian state as an integral body based on Christian morality, promote the Ukrainian nation, capable of preserving and increasing cultural and material wealth and developing its own political life, economy, and social welfare so that Ukrainian citizens feelcomfortable to introduce their Ukrainian identity. Keywords: Ukrainian studies, native (Ukrainian) language, Vasylʹ Pachovsʹkyi, 1935 Pedagogical Congress, intelligentsia, national values, schooling
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Medical Complexity and In-Hospital Death Among US-Born VLBW Infants
Authors: Hannan Kathleen E. , Bourque Stephanie Lynn , Palmer Claire , Tong Suhong , Hwang Sunah Susan
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

To assess the racial and ethnic disparity in the prevalence of complex chronic conditions (CCC) and/or in-hospital death among US-born very low birth weight (VLBW, <1500 g) infants.

METHODS

This retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of discharge data from the Kids’ Inpatient Database, included VLBW infants born in US hospitals in 2009 and 2012 (n = 554825, weighted n = 573693) exlcuding those with missing demographics. The main outcome was CCC or death. Multiple logistic regression modeling estimated the association of various characteristics with CCC or death, considering race and ethnicity.

RESULTS

There was heterogeneity in the association of insurance status and hospital region and experiencing CCC or death when compared across races and ethnicities. Infants of all races and ethnicities had higher odds of CCC or death if they had an operative procedure, were outborn, or had a birth weight of <500 g or 500 g to 999 g compared with 1000 g to 1499 g. Non-Hispanic Black infants <500 g, however, had the highest odds of CCC or death compared with those 1000 g to 1499 g (adjusted odds ratio 67.2, 95% confidence interval, 48.6–93.0), 2.3 times higher than the odds for non-Hispanic White infants (AOR 2.32, 95% confidence interval, 1.57–3.42).

CONCLUSIONS

Insurance and region were associated with increased prevalence of CCC or death in certain racial and ethnic groups. Additionally, non-Hispanic Black infants <500 g had >2.3 times the odds of CCC or death compared with non-Hispanic White infants, relative to infants 1000 g to 1499 g. Additional investigation is needed to understand the drivers of these disparities.
"Impact of shear connectors on composite action in full-depth precast concrete bridge systems"
Authors: Hadeed Reem S. , Issa Mohsen A.
Published: April 2022

This theoretical research used the finite element method to model full-depth precast concrete deck slabs. It examined the effects of pocket spacing and number of shear studs per pocket. Results indicat­ed that horizontal shear strength increases with the number of pockets in both supported and continu­ous-span models. Load–deflection curves and slippage values were recorded and compared with experimental tests, confirming that pocket spacing is an important factor and that the number of studs and their config­uration affects the load for slippage induction. The parametric study evaluated effects of shear connector sizes and various numbers of shear studs for distances of 24 and 48 in. (609.6 and 1219.2 mm) between shear pockets for simply supported bridges; however, there is a need for experimental evaluation of shear connector performance on design.
Kinematic analysis for passive multi-axes ankle joint
Authors: Tahir Muhammad Safa Al-Din , Hassan Shakir Sakran , Chiad Jumaa Salman
Published: April 2022

The commercially available and research-developed positive-type ankle joints do not provide eversion and inversion movements and are limited to dorsiflexion and plantar-flexion. The aim of the research is to create an ankle joint that is simple to install, low in cost and closes in performance to the biological joint. The passive ankle joint is designed to perform dorsiflexion, plantar-flexion, eversion, and inversion movements. A biomechanical test was performed to find the similarity between the functions of the engineered ankle joint and the biological ankle joint. The conclusions show, the designed ankle joint on the simplicity of its structure and components, has come close to the biological function of the ankle in terms of angles.
La fuerza del parentesco y la cotidianidad doméstica en las casas del bajo clero secular de Murcia durante los siglos XVII y XVIII
Authors: Irigoyen-López Antonio
Published: April 2022

En este trabajo se estudian los hogares de los clérigos seculares de la ciudad de Murcia durante los siglos XVII y XVIII a partir de dos fuentes realizadas con fines recaudatorios: unas declaraciones de eclesiásticos de 1667 y el libro de familias del Vecindario de 1756. Se trata de analizar las estructuras familiares en que estaban presentes los parientes, detectándose que predominaban las mujeres. Se ha comprobado que había diferentes motivos que explicaban la presencia de familiares en las casas de los eclesiásticos: desde brindar cuidado y asistencia o ayudar en sus estudios, hasta colaborar en el servicio doméstico.
«Una honesta recreación». Las distracciones del clero español en los siglos modernos
Authors: Labarga Fermín
Published: April 2022

Durante los siglos modernos, el clero hispano, al igual que el resto de la población, gustó de algunas aficiones como el juego y el teatro, que las leyes canónicas les prohibían, así como de la caza, los toros y otros pasatiempos. Siguiendo las directrices del concilio de Trento, los sínodos diocesanos, las leyes canónicas, los autos de visita y los tratados ascéticos persiguieron conformar una nueva figura sacerdotal, el pastor dedicado permanentemente a la atención de sus fieles. Con todo, los eclesiásticos cultivaron algunas aficiones en su tiempo libre, entregándose a una honesta recreación, conforme a su dignidad.
Números en clave femenina: aproximación desde los estudios visuales
Authors: Azanza-López José-Javier
Published: April 2022

Dentro del «silencio de género» característico de la Biblia, el libro de los Números, sin obviar su marcado androcentrismo, contiene un conjunto de pasajes con presencia femenina (María y la esposa cusita de Moisés, la muerte de María, las moabitas y la madianita Cozbí, la herencia de las hijas de Selofjad) que abordan cuestiones de interés sobre el liderazgo del pueblo de Israel, el férreo control patriarcal ejercido por la legislación hebrea, el genocidio femenino y el desigual tratamiento entre hombres y mujeres ante cuestiones como el pecado y la muerte. Este trabajo propone una aproximación desde los estudios visuales, en permanente diálogo con el relato bíblico, la exégesis y las líneas más recientes de investigación.
Association of systemic cellullar immunity with the development of cataract
Authors: Osmanov R. E. , Fabrikantov O. L.
Published: April 2022

Among the causes of visual impairment, cataract occupies a significant proportion, which indicates a need for studying the causes of its development. Over recent years, an important role has been given to impaired immunoregulatory reactions in its genesis. So far, however, participation of systemic cellular immunity in occurence of different clinical types of cataract remains poorly known. The aim of the present study was to assess association between parameters of systemic cellular immunity and development of mature nuclear cataract. On the basis of IRTC “S.N. Fedorov Eye Microsurgery Center” (Tambov Branch), a study of major immune cells subpopulations in peripheral blood was performed over 2019-2020 in 63 patients aged 60-84 years, suffering from mature nuclear cataract (the study group). The control group consisted of 47 patients aged 60 to 84 years without ocular disorders in the history and at the time of examination. The evaluation of differentiated cell clusters was carried out with BD FACS Canto II flow cytometer. As a result, a statistically significant decrease in the absolute number of CD19+to 0.18±0.003 × 109/L was revealed in the patients from the main group versus 0.42±0.05 × 109/L in controls; the relative number of CD19+was decreased to 8.36±1.1% versus 19.64±1.3%, respectively, along with absolute content of CD3+cells of 0.92±0.08 × 109/L versus 1.57±0.06 × 109/L in controls. On the contrary, the absolute number of CD56+in the patients with mature nuclear cataract was significantly increased to 0.27±0.02×109/L compared to 0.15±0.03 × 109/L in the age control group. The relative risk values are statistically significant, and the highest levels were found for CD19+ and CD3+cell clusters, which were 3.237 and 2.954 for the absolute number, and 1.952 and 2.748, for the relative number, respectively. These findings suggest that development of a mature nuclear cataract is associated primarily with a decrease in absolute and relative contents of B and T lymphocytes at the systemic level, which may be of practical importance when used as immunological markers of nuclear cataract.
Features of the complement system in primary open-angle glaucoma and dry eye syndrome in the elderly
Authors: Agarkov N. M. , Fabrikantov S. L. , Lev I. V. , Nikolashin S. I. , Aksenov V. V.
Published: April 2022

Primary open-angle glaucoma combined with dry eye syndrome is the leading cause of irreversible blindness. Complement system remains nearly unexplored in this disorder. The aim of our study was to evaluate the parameters of complement system in primary open-angle glaucoma and dry eye syndrome among elderly persons. The study was conducted at the S. Fedorov Center of Eye Microsurgery (Tambov Branch), and enrolled 62 patients aged 60 to 74 years with primary open-angle glaucoma combined with dry eye syndrome, and 33 patients free of this pathology. The blood complement system was studied by hemolytic method and enzyme immunoassay, and the C1 inhibitor was studied by chromogenic method. To assess possible contribution of the complement system components to the mentioned eye disorder, appropriate odds ratios were calculated, according to the generally accepted method. The study of blood complement system in elderly patients with combined primary open-angle glaucoma and dry eye syndrome have shown, first of all, high C3a level (up to 106.2±3.9 ng/ml), increased contents of C5a (4.5±0.2 ng/ml), and factor H (215.9±5.2 mcg/ml), along with decreased C1 inhibitor (to 168.4±6.1 mcg/ml). In the age-matched control group, the contents of appropriate plasma complement factors were, respectively, 45.2±4.0 ng/ml; 3.1±0.2 ng/ml; 141.5±4.3 mcg/ml; 237.9±5.8 mcg/ml, showing significant difference for all these parameters. An important pathogenetic role of C3a component, C5a component, factor H, and the C1 inhibitor in development of combined primary openangle glaucoma with dry eye syndrome was confirmed by the values of odds ratio (OR) with maximum value for the C3a component (OR 4.035, CI 3.640-4.283, p < 0.0001), which indicates increased risk of developing the mentioned ophthalmopathology in old age. High odd ratios were also characteristic of C5a blood components (2.946; CI 2.618-3.547), C3 (2.821; CI 2.453-3.264), factor H (2.765; CI 2.431-3.148). Less significant changes were revealed for other complement components thus suggesting only marginal association with development of primary open-angle glaucoma with dry eye syndrome in old age This indicates that the development of primary open-angle glaucoma with dry eye syndrome is associated with activation of these factors of the complement system. The revealed features of the complement system will enable us for more effective diagnostics of these combined eye disorders.