bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multifield Coupling Mechanism of Unloading Deformation and Fracture of Composite Coal‐Rock
Authors: Yang Zhen , Li Yan , Li Xin , Zhuang Jiayu , Li Hao , Wang Xue , Wang Yuning
Published: July 2021

The deformation and fracture evolution of coal and rock under unloading are prone to sudden instability or dynamic damage. To solve the problem, this paper combines interdisciplinary theories such as damage mechanics and electromagnetic field theory. The mathematical model of multiphysics coupling during loading and unloading of composite coal‐rock is deduced. In addition, numerical simulations along with experimental verification are carried out to study multi‐physical field variation and coupling mechanisms. The composite coal‐rock deforms and ruptures under unloading, and the brittle failure of the rock body becomes more sudden when the confining pressure is unloaded. Macroscopically, many microcracks are generated and expanded during the loading and unloading of composite coal‐rock. Microscopically, the internal old molecular chains are broken to form new molecular chains by the force. Simulation results show that, during the loading and unloading process, the three physical fields of the composite coal‐rock all change regularly. During the unloading of coal and rock, there is a transition period in which the temperature increases sharply and reaches the maximum. Then, the temperature decreases due to the gradual decrease of its bearing capacity. Besides, the electromagnetic field is strongest on the surface of the coal body, and its propagation in the air decays exponentially. There are small fluctuations that appear at the junction of the coal body and the air. The experimental results show that the internal infrared radiation temperature of the composite coal‐rock decreases during the initial stage of loading and unloading due to the discharge of internal gas. In the first stage of “loading and unloading,” it increases with the increase in stress, and the temperature suddenly increases in a short time after unloading. The electromagnetic radiation fluctuates in small amplitudes at the initial stage. When the stress is about to reach the peak, the electromagnetic radiation intensity increases and reaches the peak suddenly. Then, the coal‐rock ruptures, the stress decreases, and the electromagnetic radiation weakens. The experiment and simulation results are consistent. The multiphysics coupling model is used to study the characteristics of coal and rock unloading under complex conditions, providing a theoretical basis and new method for the prediction and forecast of coal and rock mining dynamic disasters.
Antihypertensive Effects of the Methanol Extract and the Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Crinum zeylanicum (Amaryllidaceae) Leaves in L-NAME-Treated Rat
Authors: Ndjenda II Magloire Kanyou , Nguelefack-Mbuyo Elvine Pami , Atsamo Albert Donatien , Fofie Christian Kuete , Fodem Chamberlin , Nguemo Filomain , Nguelefack Telesphore Benoit
Published: July 2021

Arterial hypertension (AHT) is a leading cardiovascular disease, with a high negative impact on the quality of life. Crinum zeylanicum (C. zeylanicum) leaves extract is used in the West region of Cameroon to treat AHT and heart problems. This study aimed to investigate the antihypertensive effect of C. zeylanicum extract in Nω-nitro-L‐arginine methyl ester- (L‐NAME-) induced hypertensive rats. The aqueous extract of C. zeylanicum (LAE) was obtained by lyophilizing the juice of triturated fresh leaves. The methanol extract (LME) prepared by maceration of the dried leaves was further partitioned to chloroform (LCF), ethyl acetate (LEAF), and residual (LRF) fractions. The total polyphenol, flavonoid content, and antiradical potentials of these extracts were determined. The curative antihypertensive and renal function protective effects of LME and LEAF were evaluated in vivo on L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. Hypertension was induced in rats by oral administration of L-NAME (30 mg/kg/day) for 3 consecutive weeks. Thereafter, plant extracts were administered orally at the doses of 30, 60, and 120 mg/kg/day, concomitantly with L-NAME for three other weeks. Body weight, heart rate, and arterial blood pressure were measured at the end of each week throughout the experimental period. At the end of the treatment, 24-hour urine and plasma were collected to assay nitric oxide (NO), creatinine, and protein. The results revealed that LEAF has the higher content of total polyphenol and flavonoid and exhibited the best antiradical potential. Moreover, treatment of hypertensive rats with LME and LEAF significantly (p<0.001) reduced AHT and heart rate. LME and LEAF significantly increased rat’s body mass, plasmatic NO, and urinary creatinine and reduced urine NO and protein contents as compared to the L-NAME group. LME and its LEAF possess potent antihypertensive effects and further protect the renal function in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats, thus supporting the use of C. zeylanicum in the management of AHT.
Aerobics Action Recognition Algorithm Based on Three-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network and Multilabel Classification
Authors: Wang Qian , Wang Mingzhe
Published: July 2021

In the context of modern people increasingly paying attention to health and promoting aerobics, the amount of data and audiences of aerobics videos has grown rapidly, and its potential application value has attracted widespread attention from scientific research and industry perspectives. This article has integrated computer vision and deep learning related knowledge to realize the intelligent recognition and representation of specific human movements in aerobics video sequences. The study proposes an automatic recognition method for floor exercise videos based on three-dimensional convolutional networks and multilabel classification. Since two-dimensional convolutional neural networks (CNNs) lose time information when extracting features, so to overcome this, the proposed research uses three-dimensional convolutional networks to perform video recognition. The feature is taken in time and space, and the extracted features are subjected to multiple binary classifications to achieve the goal of multilabel classification. Various comparison and simulation experiments are conducted for the proposed research, and the experimental results prove the effectiveness and superiority of the approach.
[Retracted] Design and Implementation of Human Motion Recognition Information Processing System Based on LSTM Recurrent Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Li Xue
Published: July 2021

With the comprehensive development of national fitness, men, women, young, and old in China have joined the ranks of fitness. In order to increase the understanding of human movement, many researches have designed a lot of software or hardware to realize the analysis of human movement state. However, the recognition efficiency of various systems or platforms is not high, and the reduction ability is poor, so the recognition information processing system based on LSTM recurrent neural network under deep learning is proposed to collect and recognize human motion data. The system realizes the collection, processing, recognition, storage, and display of human motion data by constructing a three‐layer human motion recognition information processing system and introduces LSTM recurrent neural network to optimize the recognition efficiency of the system, simplify the recognition process, and reduce the data missing rate caused by dimension reduction. Finally, we use the known dataset to train the model and analyze the performance and application effect of the system through the actual motion state. The final results show that the performance of LSTM recurrent neural network is better than the traditional algorithm, the accuracy can reach 0.980, and the confusion matrix results show that the recognition of human motion by the system can reach 85 points to the greatest extent. The test shows that the system can recognize and process the human movement data well, which has great application significance for future physical education and daily physical exercise.
Relevance of Interleukins 6 and 8 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Prostate Cancer: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Ghazy Amany A. , Alenzi Mohammed Jayed
Published: July 2021

The diverse roles of cytokines as IL-6 and IL-8 have been studied in terms of their SNPs in many diseases but their role in prostate cancer (PCa) is still uncertain. Aim. To determine the relevance of IL-6 rs1800795 SNP and/or IL-8 rs2227306 SNP with prostate cancer’s risk. Subjects and Methods. 40 PCa patients, 40 benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) patients, and 40-age-matched-control group were enrolled in the study. Genotyping of IL-6 rs1800795 (G/C) SNP and IL-8 rs2227306 (C/T) SNP was determined using real-time PCR. Results. High frequency of IL-6 rs1800795GG and IL-8 rs2227306CC genotypes was noticed among PCa patients with associated OR 10.091 and 8.143, respectively. Comparisons based on allele frequencies revealed that IL-6G and IL-8C alleles are more frequent among PCa patients than other groups. Presence of IL-6 rs1800795G and IL-8 rs2227306C alleles in the same patient increase PCa risk by 16.7 times. Statistical correlations between PSA ratio and both of IL-6 and IL-8 SNP did not show any significant relation among PCa patients. Conclusion. IL-6 rs1800795G and IL-8 rs2227306C alleles could be considered risk factors for PCa development, particularly if presented together. However, no relation was found between both cytokines SNP and severity of prostate cancer.
Types and Presentation of Refractive Error among Individuals Aged 0–30 Years: Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study, Yemen
Authors: Mohammed Dhaiban Tawfik Saleh , Ummer Femina Purakaloth , Khudadad Hanan , Veettil Shajitha Thekke
Published: July 2021

Background. Refractive errors are the most common cause of visual impairment worldwide. Its proportion varied among societies and is considered as a public health challenge. Symptoms and signs associated with refractive errors are the most worrisome and common presentations in the general practice in eye clinics. Aim. The goal of this study was to determine the types and presentations of refractive error among the 0–30-year-old Yemeni population to aid early identification, diagnosis, referral, and treatment. Methodology. A cross-sectional study including 1,500 out-patients aged from 0 to 30 years attending the ophthalmology clinic in Sanaa, Yemen (between 2012 and 2015). All patients underwent visual acuity examination, autorefractometer, and anterior and posterior segment examination and were grouped according to type, that is, myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. Results. Hyperopia was the most common single diagnosis (53.3%) followed by myopia (33.3%). Astigmatism was uncommon as a single diagnosis (13.4%) but commonly associated with hyperopia or myopia. Myopia was more common in males (42.9%) than in females (25%). Hyperopia was more in females (62.5%) than in males (42.9%). Age groups most affected by refractive errors were 13–18 years (27.7%), 19–24 years (24.8%), and 25–30 years (24.6%), respectively. Decreased vision (53%) was a common presentation in myopia and astigmatism (41.5%) and less in hyperopia (39.6%). Headache was common in astigmatism (56%), hyperopia (28.8%), and myopia (17.8%). Muscle imbalance, namely, exotropia (27.2%), is mainly found in myopia and esotropia (24.3%) in hyperopia. Conclusions. In addition to decreased vision, our patients with refractive errors mostly complain of headaches with clear variations with age and type of refractive error. Early identification and proper categorization of refractive errors by age, gender, and other demographics by general physicians in primary care can better deduce and make useful referrals to eye specialists.
Protective Effect of Jiang Tang Xiao Ke Granules against Skeletal Muscle IR via Activation of the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC‐1α Signaling Pathway
Authors: Bai Ying , Zuo Jiacheng , Fang Xin , Ma Rufeng , Tian Tian , Mo Fangfang , Mu Qianqian , Zhang Yi , Yu Na , Bao Xueli , Zhang Dongwei , Gao Sihua , Zhao Dandan
Published: July 2021

The Jiang Tang Xiao Ke (JTXK) granule is a classic Chinese herbal formula that has been put into clinical use in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus for decades. However, whether its ability to ameliorate skeletal muscle insulin resistance (IR) is through modulation of the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC‐1α signaling pathway remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of JTXK granules on IR in skeletal muscle of high‐fat diet‐induced diabetic mice and C2C12 cells and analyze the underlying mechanisms. In the present study, we showed that JTXK granules attenuated body weight gain, reduced body fat mass, improved body lean mass, and enhanced muscle performance of diabetic mice. JTXK granules also improved glucose metabolism and skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity and partially reversed abnormal serum lipid levels, which might be related to the regulation of the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC‐1α pathway, both in skeletal muscle tissue of diabetic mice and in C2C12 cells. Furthermore, drug‐containing serum of JTXK granules was capable of enhancing glucose uptake and mitochondrial respiration in C2C12 cells, and AMPKα was proven to be closely involved in this process. Taken together, these results suggest that the JTXK granule ameliorates skeletal muscle IR through activation of the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC‐1α signaling pathway, which offers a novel perspective of this formula to combat IR‐related metabolic diseases.
Enhanced Mental Health with Virtual Reality Mental Hygiene by a Veteran Suffering from PTSD
Authors: Jensen Bo Søndergaard , Andersen Niels , Petersen Jes , Nyboe Lene
Published: July 2021

This paper describes the application and feasibility of the use of Virtual Reality Mental Hygiene (VRMH) as a mean to reduce anxiety and stress in a Danish veteran suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and enduring personality change after a catastrophic experience. The results from this case study provide preliminary evidence that VRMH can be used as a mean to reduce arousal in patients with severe PTSD.
Global Existence and Uniqueness of Solution of Atangana–Baleanu Caputo Fractional Differential Equation with Nonlinear Term and Approximate Solutions
Authors: Hassouna Meryeme , El Kinani El Hassan , Ouhadan Abdelaziz
Published: July 2021

In this paper, a class of fractional order differential equation expressed with Atangana–Baleanu Caputo derivative with nonlinear term is discussed. The existence and uniqueness of the solution of the general fractional differential equation are expressed. To present numerical results, we construct approximate scheme to be used for producing numerical solutions of the considered fractional differential equation. As an illustrative numerical example, we consider two Riccati fractional differential equations with different derivatives: Atangana–Baleanu Caputo and Caputo derivatives. Finally, the study of those examples verifies the theoretical results of global existence and uniqueness of solution. Moreover, numerical results underline the difference between solutions of both examples.
Adaptive Fault Estimation and Fault Tolerant Control for Polynomial Systems: Application to Electronic and Mechanical Systems
Authors: Messaoudi A. , Gassara H. , El Hajjaji A.
Published: July 2021

This paper presents a sum of squares (SOS) approach for active fault tolerant control (AFTC) of nonlinear polynomial systems. A polynomial adaptive fault estimation algorithm for polynomial systems is firstly proposed. Then, sufficient conditions for the existence of the fault estimator are given in terms of SOS which can be numerically (partially symbolically) solved via the recently developed SOSTOOLS. Based on the obtained online fault estimation information, a fault-tolerant control strategy is designed for both compensating the effect of actuator faults in real time and stabilizing the closed-loop system. Finally, tunnel diode circuit and mass-spring-damper systems are used to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach.
Elucidating the Capabilities of Mirrorless Large Core Bundled Plastic Fiber Optic Displacement Sensor for Paracetamol Detection
Authors: Zulkifli Mohd Zamani , Azri Muhammad Fadhli Mohd , Yusof Muhammad Khudhori Mohd , Shafiee Saiful Arifin , Sabere Awis Sukarni Mohmad , Yao Lau Kuen , Samsudin Sani Amril , Bahari Muhammad Syahril , Yasin Moh
Published: July 2021

A simple mirrorless plastic optical fiber displacement sensor was used to determine the concentration of paracetamol (PCM) in an aqueous solution. Paracetamol concentrations between 5 and 45 ppm were tested by the proposed sensor. With a mirror, the substantial sensitivity observed by an output power changed against displacement of 0.0403 mW/μm for the front slope and 0.023 mW/μm for the back slope with linearities of more than 99%. On the other hand, nonmirror reflector showed a sensitivity of 0.0006 mW/μm for the front slope and 0.0002 mW/μm for the back slope for the case of a red reflector and a sensitivity of 0.0007 mW/μm and 0.0003 mW/μm for the front and the back slope, respectively, for the case of a white reflector. The sensor sensitivity for the red and white coloured papers, which were used as the nonmirror reflectors and the mirror reflector itself against changing PCM concentrations, was 0.0004 mW/ppm, 0.0008 mW/ppm, and 0.02 mW/ppm, respectively. The experimental results indicated that the sensor was not only able to detect and measure the concentration of PCM in aqueous solutions but was also very stable with the additional advantages of a cost‐effective and practical design that is highly beneficial for real‐world sensing applications.
The Construction and Comprehensive Analysis of Inflammation‐Related ceRNA Networks and Tissue‐Infiltrating Immune Cells in Ulcerative Colitis Progression
Authors: Lu Jia-Wei , Rouzigu Aimaier , Teng Li-Hong , Liu Wei-Li
Published: July 2021

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common disease with great variability in severity, with a high recurrence rate and heavy disease burden. In recent years, the different biological functions of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRs) have aroused wide concerns, the ceRNA network of ulcerative colitis (UC) may have potential research value, and these expressed noncoding RNAs may be involved in the molecular basis of inflammation recurrence and progression. This study analyzed 490 colon samples associated with UC from 4 gene expression microarrays from the GEO database and identified gene modules by weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA). CIBERSORT detected tissue‐infiltrating leukocyte profiling by deconvolution of microarray data. LncBase and multiMIR were used to identify lncRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA interaction. We constructed a ceRNA network which includes 4 lncRNAs (SH3BP5‐AS1, MIR4435‐2HG, ENTPD1‐AS1, and AC007750.1), 5 miRNAs (miR‐141‐3p, miR‐191‐5p, miR‐192‐5p, miR‐194‐5p, and miR196‐5p), and 52 mRNAs. Those genes are involved in interleukin family signals, neutrophil degranulation, adaptive immunity, and cell adhesion pathways. lncRNA MIR4435‐2HG is a variable in the decision tree for moderate‐to‐severe UC diagnostic prediction. Our work identifies potential regulated inflammation‐related lncRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA regulatory axes. The regulatory axes are dysregulated during the deterioration of UC, suggesting that it is a risk factor for UC progression.
Design Optimization and Performance Analysis of the Pneumatic DTH Hammer with Self‐Propelled Round Bit
Authors: Bo Kun , Sun Siyuan , Hu Yong , Wang Maosen
Published: July 2021

Although pneumatic down‐the‐hole (DTH) hammers have good performance of high penetration rate and minimal deviation tendency in the vertical section of oil and gas wells, they have not been successfully used in directional drilling due to drill tool wear and wellbore disturbance. Herein, we developed a novel type of pneumatic DTH hammer with a self‐propelled round bit to overcome the technical difficulties of directional drilling. Nonlinear dynamic modeling developed by the authors was used to analyze the working principle and performance of the novel DTH hammer. The kinematics and dynamics simulation of this hammer were carried out using MATLAB language, and the motion law of the piston was revealed. The performance of the novel hammer was numerically simulated and evaluated by considering fluctuations of the front and rear chamber pressure, impact energy, acceleration, and frequency. The results show that our novel DTH hammer’s working principle is feasible and has an adequate structural design. The simulation results demonstrate reasonable design parameters. Compared to the numerical results for conventional DTH hammers, the velocity and acceleration of the piston of the novel hammer changed smoothly. The frequency was slightly higher than that of conventional hammers, while other parameters were nearly equal. The novel DTH hammer can be used in directional drilling, trenchless drilling, and seabed sampling drilling.
Assessment of the Bacterial Pollution and Detection of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Benin: Case of the Hydrographic Channel Complex Cotonou-Nokoué Lake
Authors: Ichola Oloufemi Daniel , Dougnon Victorien Tamegnon , Koudokpon Charles Hornel , Agbankpe Alidehou Jerrold , Deguenon Esther , Ayena Aime Cezaire , Soclo Henri Houenoukpo
Published: July 2021

The study aims to document the level of contamination of the aquatic ecosystem of the Cotonou-Lake Nokoué canal hydrographic complex by multidrug-resistant bacteria and their resistance genes. For this purpose, water samples were taken from several points of the complex and from the sediments at the depth of the lake. Samples of several species of freshly caught fish products from the lake were also collected. Bacteriological analyses were carried out according to the AFNOR standard (NF U: 47–100). The identification of the different bacterial species isolated was then carried out using the API 20E gallery and specific biochemical tests. The antibiogram of the strains was performed according to the recommendations of the EUCAST. Molecular characterization of the identified strains was carried out by searching for resistance and virulence genes. The results obtained revealed the presence of several bacterial species in water samples and in sediment and intestine samples of fishery products with a predominance of Gram-negative bacilli. The resistance profile of Gram-negative bacilli showed a total resistance to metronidazole (100%). 23% of the strains were also resistant to ciprofloxacin, 41% to amoxicillin, and 60% to aztreonam. Of the Gram-positive cocci identified, 66% was resistant to vancomycin, 7.5% to ciprofloxacin, 71% to erythromycin, and 22% to tetracycline. Regarding the genes sought, blaTEM (46%), blaSHV (24%), and blaCTX-M-15 (31%) were present in the genome of Gram-negative bacilli as resistance genes and fimH (41%) as virulence gene. As for Gram-positive cocci, the van B gene was completely absent. The van A was present at 6.25% in Staphylococcus aureus and mecA at 21.88 and 33.33%, respectively, in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci strains. The high resistance of isolated bacterial strains is a matter of concern and calls for a rational use of antibiotics in order to avoid the transmission of antibiotic resistance from the environment to humans.
Ethanolic Extract of Centella asiatica Treatment in the Early Stage of Hyperglycemia Condition Inhibits Glomerular Injury and Vascular Remodeling in Diabetic Rat Model
Authors: Setyaningsih Wiwit A. W. , Arfian Nur , Fitriawan Akbar S. , Yuniartha Ratih , Sari Dwi C. R.
Published: July 2021

Background. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is marked by oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction that caused diabetic nephropathy that resulted in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Vascular dysfunction is characterized by an imbalance in vasoconstrictor and vasodilator agents which underlies the mechanism of vascular injury in DM. Additionally, diminished podocytes correlate with the severity of kidney injury. Podocyturia often precedes proteinuria in several kidney diseases, including diabetic kidney disease. Centella asiatica (CeA) is known as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant and has neuroprotective effects. This research aimed to investigate the potential effect of CeA to inhibit glomerular injury and vascular remodeling in DM. Methods. The DM rat model was induced through intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin 60 mg/kg body weight (BW), and then rats were divided into 1-month DM (DM1, n = 5), 2-month DM (DM2, n = 5), early DM concurrent with CeA treatment for 2 months (DMC2, n = 5), and 1-month DM treated with CeA for 1-month (DM1C1, n = 5). The CeA (400 mg/kg BW) was given daily via oral gavage. The control group (Control, n = 5) was maintained for 2 months. Finally, rats were euthanized and kidneys were harvested to assess vascular remodeling using Sirius Red staining and the mRNA expression of superoxide dismutase, podocytes marker, ACE2, eNOS, and ppET-1 using RT-PCR. Results. The DM groups demonstrated significant elevation of glucose level, glomerulosclerosis, and proteinuria. A significant reduction of SOD1 and SOD3 promotes the downregulation of nephrin and upregulation of TRPC6 mRNA expressions in rat glomerular kidney. Besides, this condition enhanced ppET-1 and inhibited eNOS and ACE2 mRNA expressions that lead to the development of vascular remodeling marked by an increase of wall thickness, and lumen wall area ratio (LWAR). Treatment of CeA, especially the DMC2 group, attenuated glomerular injury and showed the reversal of induced conditions. Conclusions. Centella asiatica treatment at the early stage of diabetes mellitus ameliorates glomerulosclerosis and vascular injury via increasing antioxidant enzymes.
Combined Effects of Virtual Reality and Computer Game-Based Cognitive Therapy on the Development of Visual-Motor Integration in Children with Intellectual Disabilities: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ahn Si-nae
Published: July 2021

Purpose. Visual-motor integration is a good indicator of a child’s overall developmental and functional level. This study investigated the combined effects of virtual reality (VR) and computer game-based cognitive therapy on the development of visual-motor integration in children with intellectual disabilities. Methods. The study used a single-group pre-post study design and 13 children with intellectual disabilities who were recruited from a community rehabilitation center participated in the study. We used the Wii VR video game and the CoTras computer game to deliver cognitive therapy over 12 sessions. The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2 (BOT-2) was used to evaluate motor function related to visual-motor integration to identify changes in function, and the Developmental Test of Visual Perception-2 (DTVP-2) was used to assess changes in visual perception function associated with visual-motor integration. Results. The VR and computer game-based cognitive therapy has shown significant difference in total standard score of BOT-2 associated with visual-motor integration representing improved motor function (

p
<
0.01

). Comparison of the DTVP-2 scores showed the significant difference in visual-motor integration of spatial relation and visual-motor speed (

p
<
0.05

), motor-reduced visual perception (

p
<
0.01

), and general visual perception (

p
<
0.01

). Conclusions. Results of this study provide useful evidence supporting the possibility of combined VR and computer game-based cognitive therapy for children with intellectual disabilities.
Rockburst Prediction Based on the KPCA‐APSO‐SVM Model and Its Engineering Application
Authors: Li Yuefeng , Wang Chao , Xu Jiankun , Zhou Zonghong , Xu Jianhui , Cheng Jianwei
Published: July 2021

The progress of construction and safe production in mining, water conservancy, tunnels, and other types of deep underground engineering is seriously affected by rockburst disasters. This makes it essential to accurately predict rockburst intensity. In this paper, the ratio of maximum tangential stress of surrounding rock to rock uniaxial compressive strength (σθ/σc), the ratio of rock uniaxial compressive strength to rock uniaxial tensile strength (σc/σt), and the elastic energy index of rock (Wet) were chosen as input indices, and rockbursts were graded as level I (none rockburst), level II (light rockburst), level III (medium rockburst), and level IV (strong rockburst). A total of 104 groups of rockburst engineering samples, collected widely from around the world, were divided into a training set (84 groups of samples) and a test set (20 groups of samples). Based on the kernel principal component analysis (KPCA), the adaptive particle swarm optimization (APSO) algorithm, and the support vector machine (SVM), the KPCA‐APSO‐SVM model was established. The proposed model showed satisfactory classification performance: the prediction accuracies of the training set and test set were 98.81% and 95%, respectively. In addition, the trained prediction model was applied to five rockburst engineering cases and compared with the BP neural network model, SVM model, and APSO‐SVM model. The comparative results show that the KPCA‐APSO‐SVM model has a higher prediction accuracy; as such, it provides a new reliable method for rockburst prediction.
Rigid‐Plastic Analysis of Seismic Resistant T‐Frame considering Moment‐Shear Interaction
Authors: Bagheri Ghader , Ashtari Payam , Behnamfar Farhad
Published: July 2021

To select a seismic resistant system, in addition to strength and stiffness, ductility and energy dissipation are important to be considered. Structures have nonlinear behavior under the influence of moderate and strong earthquakes. One of the primary aims in designing seismic resistant structures is to prevent the formation of undesirable collapse mechanisms such as the collapse in only a few storeys of the structure that leads to low energy dissipation. In order to achieve a global collapse mechanism, modern seismic codes provide simple rules for design, which is called the hierarchy criteria. Although these simple criteria could prevent the formation of a soft storey mechanism, they could not lead to an optimal global collapse mechanism. In these mechanisms, the energy dissipation zones include all the yielding zones such as beams, while all other parts of the structure have remained in the elastic range. TRF (T‐resisting frame) is an innovative lateral resistant system introduced for architectural reasons and to provide more energy dissipating capability. This system has several collapse mechanisms due to the moment, shear, or moment‐shear behavior of its members. In this paper, within the framework of the theory of plastic mechanism control, the rigid‐plastic analysis of the TRF system to achieve the desired collapse mechanism is used by considering the moment‐shear interaction. According to these analyses, which are performed on a single storey frame, simple hierarchy criteria are developed to create the desired collapse mechanism. Also, these criteria prevent undesired collapse mechanisms in order to have more energy dissipation and more ductility. Finally, the validity of the proposed criteria has been verified by the pushover analysis.
Abel–Goncharov Type Multiquadric Quasi-Interpolation Operators with Higher Approximation Order
Authors: Wu Ruifeng
Published: July 2021

A kind of Abel–Goncharov type operators is surveyed. The presented method is studied by combining the known multiquadric quasi-interpolant with univariate Abel–Goncharov interpolation polynomials. The construction of new quasi-interpolants

ℒ
m

AG

f

has the property of

m

m
∈
ℤ
,
m
>
0

degree polynomial reproducing and converges up to a rate of

m
+
1

. In this study, some error bounds and convergence rates of the combined operators are studied. Error estimates indicate that our operators could provide the desired precision by choosing the suitable shape-preserving parameter c and a nonnegative integer m. Several numerical comparisons are carried out to verify a higher degree of accuracy based on the obtained scheme. Furthermore, the advantage of our method is that the associated algorithm is very simple and easy to implement.
A Simplified Method for Analysis of Laterally Loaded Piles considering Cyclic Soil Degradation
Authors: Yang Yuzhe , Gao Xiaodong , Wu Wenbing , Xing Kangyu
Published: July 2021

This paper proposes a simplified method to analyze the bearing behavior of pile undergoing cyclic lateral load. Firstly, a modified strain model is proposed by utilizing the Duncan–Chang model to describe the stress‐strain behavior of soils in the strain wedge. Then, a cyclic degradation model of soft clay considering the accumulation of plastic strain and pore water pressure is presented based on the cyclic triaxial test. Combining with the modified strain wedge model and degradation model of soil, a simplified method is established for the cyclic laterally loaded pile. The accuracy of the present method is verified by comparing it with existing model tests. The results show that the pile lateral displacement and strain wedge depth increase with the number of cycles and cyclic load amplitude. It is necessary to consider the effect of cumulative pore water pressure during the analysis of cyclic laterally loaded pile embedded in soft clay.
Colorectal Cancer: From Genetic Landscape to Targeted Therapy
Authors: El Bali Mouade , Bakkach Joaira , Bennani Mechita Mohcine
Published: July 2021

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer type and the second cause of death worldwide. The advancement in understanding molecular pathways involved in CRC has led to new classifications based on the molecular characteristics of each tumor and also improved CRC management through the integration of targeted therapy into clinical practice. In this review, we will present the main molecular pathways involved in CRC carcinogenesis, the molecular classifications. The anti-VEGF and anti-EGFR therapies currently used in CRC treatment and those under clinical investigation will also be outlined, as well as the mechanisms of primary and acquired resistance to anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies (cetuximab and panitumumab). Targeted therapy has led to great improvement in the treatment of metastatic CRC. However, there has been variability in CRC treatment outcomes due to molecular heterogeneity in colorectal tumors, which underscores the need for identifying prognostic and predictive biomarkers for CRC-targeted drugs.
Inhibition of miR‐214‐3p Protects Endothelial Cells from ox‐LDL‐Induced Damage by Targeting GPX4
Authors: Xie Min , Huang Panhao , Wu Tian , Chen Li , Guo Ren
Published: July 2021

It is generally believed that excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during cardiovascular diseases impairs endothelial function. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether miR‐214‐3p is involved in the endothelial dysfunction induced by oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL). In cultured vascular endothelial cells (VECs), the effects of miR‐214‐3p on endothelial injury induced by 100 mg/L ox‐LDL were evaluated by knockdown of miR‐214‐3p. Western blotting was used to determine the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in VECs under different conditions. A luciferase reporter assay was used to identify GPX4 as the target of miR‐214‐3p. Our data showed that 100 mg/L ox‐LDL significantly decreased the expression of GPX4 and eNOS, which was associated with increases in ROS levels and impairments of VEC viability and migration. Knockdown of miR‐214‐3p could partially reduce the increase in ROS, restore the decreased expression of GPX4 and eNOS, and thus rescue the impaired endothelial function caused by ox‐LDL. Our data demonstrated that ox‐LDL could induce upregulation of miR‐214‐3p and result in suppression of GPX4 in VECs. Downregulation of miR‐214‐3p could protect VECs from ROS‐induced endothelial dysfunction by reversing its inhibitory effect on GPX4 expression.
Workflow Scheduling Based on Mobile Cloud Computing Machine Learning
Authors: Gong Fanghai
Published: July 2021

In recent years, cloud workflow task scheduling has always been an important research topic in the business world. Cloud workflow task scheduling means that the workflow tasks submitted by users are allocated to appropriate computing resources for execution, and the corresponding fees are paid in real time according to the usage of resources. For most ordinary users, they are mainly concerned with the two service quality indicators of workflow task completion time and execution cost. Therefore, how cloud service providers design a scheduling algorithm to optimize task completion time and cost is a very important issue. This paper proposes research on workflow scheduling based on mobile cloud computing machine learning, and this paper conducts research by using literature research methods, experimental analysis methods, and other methods. This article has deeply studied mobile cloud computing, machine learning, task scheduling, and other related theories, and a workflow task scheduling system model was established based on mobile cloud computing machine learning from different algorithms used in processing task completion time, task service costs, task scheduling, and resource usage The situation and the influence of different tasks on the experimental results are analyzed in many aspects. The algorithm in this paper speeds up the scheduling time by about 7% under a different number of tasks and reduces the scheduling cost by about 2% compared with other algorithms. The algorithm in this paper has been obviously optimized in time scheduling and task scheduling.
CO‐Releasing Molecule‐2 Prevents Acute Kidney Injury through Suppression of ROS‐Fyn‐ER Stress Signaling in Mouse Model
Authors: Uddin Md Jamal , Jeong Jeewon , Pak Eun Seon , Ha Hunjoo
Published: July 2021

Acute kidney injury (AKI) most commonly appears in critically ill patients in hospitals. AKI is characterized as a quick deterioration of kidney function and has recently been identified to be tightly interlinked with chronic kidney diseases. The emerging major mediators of AKI include oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Carbon monoxide (CO) attenuates oxidative stress and ER stress in various cells, while Fyn, a member of the Src kinase family, is activated by oxidative stress and contributes to ER stress in skeletal muscle. Considering these, the objective of the current research was to determine (i) the involvement of Fyn in ER stress‐mediated AKI and (ii) the effect of CO‐releasing molecule‐2 (CORM2) on reactive oxygen species‐ (ROS‐) Fyn‐ER stress‐mediated AKI. Pretreatment with CORM2 (30 mg/kg) efficiently inhibited LPS (30 mg/kg)‐induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and cellular apoptosis during AKI in C57BL/6J mice. Also, CORM2 efficiently suppressed the activation of Fyn and ER stress in AKI mice. Consistently, pretreatment with CORM2 inhibited oxidative stress, Fyn activation, ER stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in LPS‐ or H2O2‐stimulated proximal epithelial tubular cells. Fyn inhibition using siRNA or an inhibitor (PP2) significantly attenuated ER stress responses in the cells. These data suggest that CORM2 may become a potential treatment option against ROS‐Fyn‐ER stress‐mediated AKI.
Stress Distribution and Optimum Spacing Determination of Double‐Withdrawal‐Channel Surrounding Rocks: A Case Study of Chinese Coal Mine
Authors: He Yanjun , Li Jianhua
Published: July 2021

In this study, the 31113 fully mechanised working face in the Lijiahao Coal Mine was selected as the project background. The failure characteristics and optimum spacing of a double‐withdrawal‐channel surrounding rock were extensively investigated through field measurements, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulations. The following results were obtained. The loading influence range of the working face was fixed. Under the influence of mining, the stress distribution variation in the double‐withdrawal channels with spacing and the influence of stress distribution on the surrounding rock stability of the withdrawal channels were determined. The optimum distance between the double‐withdrawal channels to achieve the stability of the surrounding rock was at least 25 m, and engineering measures are required to limit the mining height in the final mining stage. The rationality of the main and auxiliary withdrawal channel spacing of 25 m and measures to limit the mining height in the final stage were demonstrated. The findings of this study provide a valuable reference for constructing the layout of withdrawal channels in the adjacent working faces of the same mining area.
Murdannia loriformis: A Review of Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Contemporary Application, and Toxicology
Authors: Che Sulaiman Intan Soraya , Mohamad Azham , Ahmed Osumanu Haruna
Published: July 2021

This review provides an updated and comprehensive overview on the ethnomedicinal use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of M. loriformis. Phytochemical analysis of M. loriformis revealed that it is composed of phenolics, flavonoids, condensed tannins, chlorophylls, alkaloids, and steroids. Numerous compounds including syringic acid, ß-O-D-glucopyranosyl-2-(2′-hydroxy-Z-6′-enecosamide) sphingosine, isovitexin, and 3β-O-D-glucopyranosyl-24ξ-ethylcholest-5-ene have been identified and isolated from this plant species. The present review attempts to bridge the gap between traditional use and pharmacological studies of M. loriformis while improving their existing therapeutic agents and product applications based on this plant.
Prevalence and Patterns of Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Indian Heart Failure Population
Authors: Kishan Sajit , Rao Mugula Sudhakar , Ramachandran Padmakumar , Devasia Tom , Samanth Jyothi
Published: July 2021

Background. Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a common yet a largely underdiagnosed entity in developing countries. It is one treatable condition that is known to adversely affect the mortality and morbidity in heart failure (HF). This study is one of the first attempts aimed at studying SDB in chronic HF patients from an Indian subcontinent. Objectives. The aim of this study was to study the prevalence, type, and characteristics of SDB in chronic HF patients and their association with HF severity and left ventricular (LV) systolic function and also to determine the relevance of SDB symptoms and screening questionnaires such as the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Berlins questionnaire, and STOP-BANG score in predicting SDB in chronic HF patients. Methods. We enrolled 103 chronic heart failure patients aged more than 18 years. Patients with a history of SDB and recent acute coronary syndrome within 3 months were excluded. Relevant clinical data, anthropometric measures, echocardiographic parameters, and sleep apnea questionnaires were collected, and all patients underwent the overnight type 3 sleep study. Results. The overall prevalence of SDB in our study was high at 81.55% (84/103), with a predominant type of SDB being obstructive sleep apnea (59.2%). The occurrence of SDB was significantly associated with the male gender (

p
=
0.002

) and higher body mass index (BMI) values (

p
=
0.01

). SDB symptoms and questionnaires like ESS, STOP-BANG, and Berlins also did not have a significant association with the occurrence of SDB in HF patients. Conclusions. Our study showed a high prevalence of occult SDB predominantly OSA, in chronic HF patients. We advocate routine screening for occult SDB in HF patients.
Isolation and Characterization of a Lytic Staphylococcus aureus Phage WV against Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm
Authors: Jiang Yaxian , Xu Qian , Jiang Liming , Zheng Rui
Published: July 2021

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive, pathogenic bacterium that causes a wide range of symptoms in humans and can form biofilm, which is a multicellular community of microorganisms that attaches to nonbiological and biological surfaces. Methods: Here, we aimed to isolate and characterize an S. aureus phage and examine the bactericidal activity alone and in conjunction with streptomycin treatment. Results: We isolated a virulent phage, WV, from a slaughterhouse in Jiangsu, China. This strain belonged to the family Myoviridae and presented a genome size of 141,342 bp. The optimal pH of the preservation buffer was 6–7, optimal growth temperature was 37°C, and optimal multiplicity of infection was 0.01. Phage WV can sterilize most clinical strains of S. aureus that had been isolated from clinical patients in the First People’s Hospital of the Yunnan Province. Against low-concentration S. aureus culture, streptomycin demonstrated a greater antibiofilm effect than that of phage WV. By contrast, in high-concentration S. aureus culture, phage WV demonstrated greater antibiofilm effect than that of streptomycin. The use of phage WV and streptomycin together had a substantially greater overall antibiofilm effect than that achieved using either component alone. Conclusion: This study provides strong evidence for the effectiveness of phage application for the reduction of S. aureus biofilm growth and suggests that phages can be considered as a viable alternative to antibiotics in clinical settings.
Advanced Colon Cancer after Curative Resection of Intramucosal Adenocarcinoma with Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
Authors: Sasaki Akiko , Ichita Chikamasa , Sumida Chihiro , Kimura Karen , Nishino Takashi , Tasaki Junichi , Masuda Sakue , Kawachi Jun , Kudo Madoka , Teshima Shinichi , Koizumi Kazuya , Kako Makoto
Published: July 2021

Endoscopic resection, particularly endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), for colorectal cancers enables a precise pathological diagnosis and safe R0 resection. The recurrence rate after ESD is generally extremely low, with annual surveillance colonoscopy recommended. However, surveillance may not be considered for super-elderly patients owing to their condition. This is a case report of an 85-year-old man in whom curative resection was achieved for an intramucosal adenocarcinoma with ESD. The patient presented with a hypoechoic mass located in his lower right abdomen, diagnosed via surveillance abdominal ultrasound. He had undergone curative ESD for intramucosal cecal cancer 2 years prior. Colonoscopy revealed a type 2 epithelial tumor at the proximal aspect of the ESD scar. Ileocolic resection with lymph node dissection was performed. An epithelial tumor and well-differentiated adenocarcinoma but not a submucosal tumor was detected in the mucosal layer. The lesion was diagnosed not as a local recurrence after ESD but as a newly emerged original advanced cancer. After ESD for colorectal cancer, a newly developed advanced cancer may occur at the site of the ESD scar in a shorter term than usual. Surveillance colonoscopy after ESD is necessary even for super-elderly patients.