bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impossible Intersectionality? French Feminists and the Struggle for Inclusion
Authors: Lépinard Éléonore
Published: February 2014

The history of the origins of the concept of intersectionality is deeply embedded in the U.S. context. The intertwined histories of the American women's movements and American race relations as well as the conjunction of several theoretical strands, such as the philosophical critique of the modern subject, poststructuralism, the critique from feminists of color, and critical legal studies, have marked the genesis and the operationalization of the concept of intersectionality in American feminist studies (Ackerly and McDermott 2011, Dhamoon 2011). This legacy has given the concept of intersectionality particular analytical contents, preferred objects of inquiry, and methodologies as well as specific political aims (McCall 2005). Kimberlé Crenshaw's initial formulation of intersectionality exemplifies this U.S. genealogy since it represents a joint analytical and political effort, embedded in critical legal studies and black feminist theory, to identify and promote the political identity of African-American women or, as she writes, to “demarginalize” their political interests and to critique single axis approaches to inequality and discrimination (Crenshaw 1991). By doing so, the concept of intersectionality not only makes visible the categories and groups that were marginalized in theory and political practice, but also articulates a new set of political interests and, to a certain extent, contributes to construct and to represent intersectional identities.
Mädchen mit Störungen des Sozialverhaltens
Authors: Vloet Timo D. , Großheinrich Nicola , Konrad Kerstin , Freitag Christine M. , Herpertz-Dahlmann Beate
Published: February 2014

Während Studien zur Störung des Sozialverhaltens (Conduct Disorder; CD) in der Vergangenheit fast ausschließlich mit Jungen durchgeführt wurden, sind in den letzten Jahren betroffene Mädchen zunehmend in den Fokus des wissenschaftlichen Interesses gerückt. In dieser Übersicht werden die aktuellen Befunde zur Prävalenz und zu geschlechtsspezifischen Unterschieden hinsichtlich Symptomatik (einschließlich Subtypen aggressiven Verhaltens und psychopathischer Eigenschaften (callous-unemotional (cu)-traits)) dargestellt. Anhand von Befunden zum vegetativen und neuroendokrinen Stresssystem sowie neurokognitiven und genetischen Daten sowie Bildgebungsbefunden werden neurobiologische Differenzen und weitere Unterschiede im Hinblick auf den Einfluss von Umweltfaktoren aufgezeigt. Insgesamt zeigt sich eine große Überlappung der klinischen Symptomatik, von Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen und neurobiologischen Veränderungen bei Jungen und Mädchen mit CD. Größere systematische Untersuchungen zu Mädchen mit CD sind dringend notwendig und könnten zu einem besseren Verständnis dissozialer Entwicklung beitragen. Da Mädchen seltener eine CD-Symptomatik zeigen, könnten solche Studien z. B. helfen, Resilienzfaktoren zu identifizieren, die therapeutische Interventionen möglicher Weise optimieren könnten.
Substanzgebrauchsstörung und nicht-substanzgebundene Süchte im DSM-5
Authors: Thomasius Rainer , Sack Peter-Michael , Strittmatter Esther , Kaess Michael
Published: February 2014

Der Beitrag informiert über die Eingliederung der Suchtstörungen in die Fünfte Auflage des Diagnostischen und statistischen Manuals psychischer Störungen (DSM-5) der American Psychiatric Association (APA). Eine DSM-5-Diagnose wird entlang einer Schweregrads-Dimension «Substanzgebrauchsstörung» (Substance Use Disorder) gestellt, wofür explizit operationalisierte diagnostische Kriterien vorgegeben sind. Als einzige «Verhaltenssucht» wurde die «Glücksspielstörung» (Gambling Disorder) in das DSM-5 aufgenommen, zusätzlich wurden vorläufige Kriterien für eine «Koffeingebrauchsstörung» (Caffeine Use Disorder) sowie für eine «Internetspielstörung» (Internet Gaming Disorder) definiert und in das Kapitel III (Störungsbilder, die weiterer Forschung bedürfen) integriert. Für die Versorgung suchtgefährdeter und süchtiger Kinder und Jugendlicher in Deutschland hätte eine Übernahme des Kriterienkataloges des DSM-5 weitreichende Folgen. Da die diagnostische Schwelle niedriger ist, würden mehr Patienten einen Behandlungsanspruch erhalten. Aus kinder- und jugendpsychiatrischer Sicht ist die damit verbundene Stärkung von Frühinterventionen bei den Suchtstörungen zu begrüßen. Die neuen Kapitel III-Diagnosen werden durch die erstmals vereinheitlichte Definition von diagnostischen Kriterien international vergleichbare Forschung stimulieren.
DSM-5 Kommentar: Zwangsstörungen im DSM-5
Authors: Walitza Susanne
Published: February 2014

Zwangsstörungen sind auch im Kindes- und Jugendalter häufige und beeinträchtigende Erkrankungen. Die vorliegende Arbeit fasst die Änderungen von DSM-IV-TR Kriterien zu DSM-5 zusammen und unterzieht diese einer kritischen Würdigung. Zentral sind Änderungen der kategorialen Zuordnung, Zwänge sind nun nicht mehr der Kategorie Angststörungen zugeordnet, sondern repräsentieren eine eigenständige Kategorie, die aber dafür ein weiter gespanntes Zwangsspektrum umfasst. Neben kleineren deskriptiven Änderungen der Kriterien wird die klinische Einschätzung der Einsichtsfähigkeit (gut, schlecht, fehlend) gefordert. Die Zwangsstörung, die komorbid mit Ticstörungen einhergeht, wird als eigener Subtyp klassifiziert. Die Änderungen werden im Folgenden auf Basis der Studienlage und Literatur diskutiert, danach folgt ein Ausblick hinsichtlich der Umsetzung der neuen Kriterien auf den klinischen Alltag und die Forschung.
Veränderungsmessung und Ergebnismonitoring in der klinischen Routine
Authors: Mößner Markus , Kordy Hans
Published: February 2014

Veränderungsmessung und Ergebnismonitoring sind nützliche Werkzeuge zur Stärkung der Gesundheitsversorgung. Sie zielen auf die Sicherung bzw. Verbesserung der Behandlungsqualität und die Erweiterung der Behandlungsoptionen. Im Rahmen klassischer Versorgungskonzepte haben besonders die Behandlungsplanung sowie die Identifikation von nicht erfolgreichen Behandlungen bzw. Nebenwirkungen das Potential, Verbesserungen zu fördern. Die Herausforderung besteht in der Interpretation der Daten und dem Ziehen der angemessenen Schlussfolgerungen. Die Konzepte der reliablen und der klinisch signifikanten Veränderung haben sich bei der Beschreibung von Behandlungs- und Gesundungsverlauf im Einzelfall bewährt, beispielsweise im Rahmen des Stuttgart-Heidelberger Modells der Qualitätssicherung. Neue Anwendungsmöglichkeiten für ein effizientes einzelfallbezogenes Ergebnismonitoring über die Qualitätssicherung hinaus eröffnen sich über die moderne Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologie mit der praktischen Umsetzung innovativer, adaptiver Strategien zur Verbesserung der Versorgung für Patienten.
Strategien und Instrumente der Veränderungsmessung
Authors: Stieglitz Rolf-Dieter , Hiller Wolfgang
Published: February 2014

Der Erfassung von Veränderungen kommt in der Klinischen Psychologie wie Psychiatrie eine wichtige Funktion zu, speziell der Erfassung therapieinduzierter Veränderungen. Dies betrifft sowohl die Psychotherapie als auch Psychopharmakotherapie. Speziell im Zusammenhang mit einer therapie-begleitenden Diagnostik ist dies von großer Bedeutung. In der klinischen Praxis spiegelt sich dies jedoch nur bedingt wider. Im Beitrag wird ein Überblick gegeben zu den verschiedenen Möglichkeiten der Erfassung und Bewertung von Veränderungen mittels psychometrischer Verfahren. Darüber hinaus werden Kriterien aufgezeigt, die derartige Instrumente erfüllen müssen. Der Schwerpunkt des Artikels liegt auf einer Übersicht zu Instrumenten, die für die Outcome- und Prozessdiagnostik geeignet sind. Anwendungs- und Praxisbeispiele demonstrieren den Nutzen. Forderungen an die Forschung und Praxis schließen den Artikel ab.
Recent advances in synthesis and applications of clay-based photocatalysts: a review
Authors: Liu Jin , Zhang Gaoke
Published: February 2014

Clay-based photocatalysts with high adsorbability and special structures have attracted extensive attention because of their applications in environment and energy fields.
Novel Li3X3 supersalts (X = F, Cl, Br & I) and their alkalide characteristics
Authors: Srivastava Ambrish Kumar , Misra Neeraj
Published: February 2014

This interaction is stronger than that between Li and X, forming traditional LiX salts. Thus, these non-traditional Li3X3 species should be regarded as supersalts which consist of Li2X and LiX2 superatomic moieties.
Tunable thermo-responsive P(NIPAAm-co-DMAAm)-b-PLLA-b-P(NIPAAm-co-DMAAm) triblock copolymer micelles as drug carriers
Authors: Hu Yanfei , Darcos Vincent , Monge Sophie , Li Suming , Zhou Yang , Su Feng
Published: February 2014

Thermo-responsive P(NIPAAm-co-DMAAm)-b-PLLA-b-P(NIPAAm-co-DMAAm) triblock copolymers are synthesized via combination of ring-opening polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization.
Electronic structure at nanocontacts of surface passivated CdSe nanorods with gold clusters
Authors: Saraf Deepashri , Kshirsagar Anjali
Published: February 2014

This study attempts to identify the minimum length of a one-dimensional metal-semiconductor nanostructure to be used in an electronic device.
Controllable synthesis, morphology evolution and electrochemical properties of LiFePO4 cathode materials for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Song Jianjun , Wang Lin , Shao Guangjie , Shi Meiwu , Ma Zhipeng , Wang Guiling , Song Wei , Liu Shuang , Wang Caixia
Published: February 2014

In this review, the mechanism of competitive adsorption between ethylene glycol and oleic acid was proposed for the morphology evolution of LiFePO4 nanoparticles from nanoplates to nanorods.
Formic acid electrooxidation on thallium-decorated shape-controlled platinum nanoparticles: an improvement in electrocatalytic activity
Authors: Busó-Rogero Carlos , Perales-Rondón Juan V. , Farias Manuel J. S. , Vidal-Iglesias Francisco J. , Solla-Gullon Jose , Herrero Enrique , Feliu Juan M.
Published: February 2014

Thallium deposited on Pt nanoparticles catalyzes formic acid electrooxidation.
Versatile coordination modes of bis[5-(2-pyridine-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl]alkanes in Cu(ii) complexes
Authors: Gusev Alexey N. , Nemec Ivan , Herchel Radovan , Bayjyyev Eziz , Nyshchimenko Galyna A. , Alexandrov Grigory G. , Eremenko Igor L. , Trávníček Zdeněk , Hasegawa Miki , Linert Wolfgang
Published: February 2014

Nine new mononuclear and polynuclear Cu(ii) complexes containing [5-(2-pyridine-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl]alkanes (H2Ln, n = 1–4) were synthesized and characterized by various techniques.
Synthesis and evaluation of linear CuAAC-oligomerized antifreeze neo-glycopeptides
Authors: van der Wal Steffen , Capicciotti Chantelle J. , Rontogianni Stamatia , Ben Robert N. , Liskamp Rob M. J.
Published: February 2014

An azido/alkyne-containing glycopeptide monomer was synthesized and CuAAC-oligomerized to obtain a triazole-containing antifreeze glycopeptide analogue with moderate antifreeze activity.
Amplification by nucleic acid-templated reactions
Authors: Michaelis Julia , Roloff Alexander , Seitz Oliver
Published: February 2014

Nucleic acid-templated reactions that proceed with turnover provide a means for signal amplification, which facilitates the use and detection of biologically occurring DNA/RNA molecules.
Fructose controlled ionophoric activity of a cholate–boronic acid
Authors: Brown James R. D. , Pintre Inmaculada C. , Webb Simon J.
Published: February 2014

The transport of Na+through phospholipid bilayers by Wulff-type boronic acids at pH 8.2 is reported. Concentrations of fructose greater than 5 mM strongly inhibited ionophoric activity.
A facile fabrication of a uniform and homogeneous CNT–TiO2 composite: a microscopic and scattering investigation
Authors: Bahadur J. , Prakash J. , Sen D. , Mazumder S. , Sastry P. U. , Paul B. , Chakravartty J. K. , Lemmel H.
Published: February 2014

Mechanism for formation of TiO2 submicrospheres via spray-hydrolysis of micrometric aqueous droplets; hydrolysis reaction occurs at the water–hexane interface.
On the factors that control the reactivity of meta-benzynes
Authors: Gao Jinshan , Jankiewicz Bartłomiej J. , Reece Jennifer , Sheng Huaming , Cramer Christopher J. , Nash John J. , Kenttämaa Hilkka I.
Published: February 2014

The key reactivity controlling parameters of meta-benzynes have been identified and demonstrated to have a major influence on their reactivity.
Biotemplated synthesis of bark-structured TiC nanowires as Pt catalyst supports with enhanced electrocatalytic activity and durability for methanol oxidation
Authors: Qiu Zhen , Huang Hui , Du Jun , Tao Xinyong , Xia Yang , Feng Tong , Gan Yongping , Zhang Wenkui
Published: February 2014

Unique one-dimensional bark-structured TiC NWs possessing high electrical conductivity, excellent chemical/electrochemical stability and enhanced electrocatalytic properties were synthesised.
Defect chemistry in layered transition-metal oxides from screened hybrid density functional calculations
Authors: Hoang Khang , Johannes Michelle D.
Published: February 2014

First-principles studies of the thermodynamics and transport of intrinsic point defects provide guidelines for defect-controlled synthesis and shed light on the electronic and ionic conduction mechanisms in LiCoO2 and LiNiO2.
Identification of Acoustically Similar and Dissimilar Vowels in Profoundly Deaf Adults Who Use Hearing Aids and/or Cochlear Implants: Some Preliminary Findings
Authors: Hay-McCutcheon Marcia J. , Peterson Nathaniel R. , Rosado Christian A. , Pisoni David B.
Published: February 2014

Purpose

In this study, the authors examined the effects of aging and residual hearing on the identification of acoustically similar and dissimilar vowels in adults with postlingual deafness who use hearing aids (HAs) and/or cochlear implants (CIs).

Method

The authors used two groups of acoustically similar and dissimilar vowels to assess vowel identification. Also, the Consonant–Nucleus–Consonant Word Recognition Test (Peterson & Lehiste, 1962) and sentences from the Hearing in Noise Test (Nilsson, Soli, & Sullivan, 1994) were administered. Forty CI recipients with postlingual deafness (ages 31–81 years) participated in the study.

Results

Acoustically similar vowels were more difficult to identify than acoustically dissimilar vowels. With increasing age, performance deteriorated when identifying acoustically similar vowels. Vowel identification was also affected by the use of a contralateral HA and the degree of residual hearing prior to implantation. Moderate correlations were found between speech perception and vowel identification performance.

Conclusions

Identification performance was affected by the acoustic similarity of the vowels. Older adults experienced more difficulty identifying acoustically similar confusable vowels than did younger adults. The findings might lend support to the
ease of language understanding model
(Ronnberg, Rudner, Foo, & Lunner, 2008), which proposes that the quality and perceptual robustness of acoustic input affects speech perception.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.6170174
Social Communication Intervention for an Adult with Asperger Syndrome: Experiences, Perspectives, and Challenges
Authors: Santhanam Siva priya
Published: February 2014

Adults on the autism spectrum, despite having received intervention throughout their childhood and adolescence, continue to experience challenges with everyday social interactions, forming and maintaining relationships, and social abilities needed in work settings. This article presents a case example of a 22-year-old adult with Asperger syndrome, and highlights the issues in providing intervention for highly able young adults on the autism spectrum. A unique feature of this report is the inclusion of the client's own insights into his experiences, perspectives, and challenges with the intervention. The approaches used to address his social communication and organizational needs are outlined, and clinical implications discussed.
Globally optimal real‐time distributed fusion of multi‐channel observation systems
Authors: Cui Peng , Zhang Huanshui , Wang Hongxia , Feng Jun‐e
Published: February 2014

A globally optimal real‐time distributed fusion algorithm is discussed for multi‐channel observation systems. The performance of the fusion is equal to that of centralised Kalman filtering. Different from the existing one based on information filters, the algorithm uses the projection theorem in Hilbert space according to First‐Come‐First‐Serve principle. Local estimates are instantly fused with arrival of local information at fusion centre. Meantime, a real‐time strategy is presented to balance the performance and the speed of fusion. Therefore the algorithm is flexible and has the practical benefits.
Frequency compensation circuit for adaptive on‐time control buck regulator
Authors: Shi Ling‐Feng , Xu Ling‐Yan
Published: February 2014

A novel frequency compensation circuit for adaptive on‐time control buck regulator is presented in this study, which mainly applied to provide power supply for double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory system. Typical ripple control regulator possesses the advantage of fast transient response and unconditional stability. However, it suffers significant steady‐state switching frequency variation when the input voltage and output voltage are varied. The on‐time is directly proportional to the output voltage and inversely proportional to the input voltage so that the regulator can dynamically adjust the turn‐on time of power switches according to the changes of input voltage and output voltage in steady‐state operation by adaptive on‐time control. Finally, an approximately fixed switching frequency is achieved. However, the variation of the switching frequency with load current still exists. Through the implementation of the frequency compensation circuit, the switching frequency variation caused by the load current variation can be effectively reduced in order to obtaining a more fixed switching frequency. The adaptive on‐time control regulator with frequency compensation has been successfully fabricated with 0.35 µm 30 V complementary double‐diffused metal oxide semiconductor process and full chip test results are provided to verify the proposed method in this study.
Transient Palsy of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Postresection of Giant Substernal Goiter
Authors: Muhoozi Rwakaryebe , Yu Fenglei , Tang Jingqun , Wang Xiang
Published: February 2014

We report a case of a female patient aged 46 years with a history of nodular goiter for which she had a subtotal thyroidectomy 31 years ago. She was referred to the emergency department of our hospital because of dyspnea and chest pain for 20 days, then developed cyanosis and edema of the head and upper extremities. Chest X-ray revealed tracheal repulsion. Cervical and thoracic computed tomography showed a giant solid and a cystic mass in the anterior mediastinum and bilateral pleural effusion. The neck ultrasound did not show any thyroid masses. An exploratory thoracotomy with extensive resection considering the anatomical relation of the mass and the adjacent structures was planned. Immediately after the operation, the patient developed airway complications that resolved in 7 days. The tumor was confirmed pathologically as nodular goiter. The overall outcome of the patient was positive; she is healthy after more than 12 months of follow-up. This report examines the approach to diagnosis and management of one of the most common surgical complication associated with substernal goiters.
Gold nanoparticles for cancer detection and treatment: The role of adhesion
Authors: Oni Y. , Hao K. , Dozie-Nwachukwu S. , D. Obayemi J. , Odusanya O. S. , Anuku N. , Soboyejo W. O.
Published: February 2014

This paper presents the results of an experimental study of the effects of adhesion between gold nanoparticles and surfaces that are relevant to the potential applications in cancer detection and treatment. Adhesion is measured using a dip coating/atomic force microscopy (DC/AFM) technique. The adhesion forces are obtained for dip-coated gold nanoparticles that interact with peptide or antibody-based molecular recognition units (MRUs) that attach specifically to breast cancer cells. They include MRUs that attach specifically to receptors on breast cancer cells. Adhesion forces between anti-cancer drugs such as paclitaxel, and the constituents of MRU-conjugated Au nanoparticle clusters, are measured using force microscopy techniques. The implications of the results are then discussed for the design of robust gold nanoparticle clusters and for potential applications in localized drug delivery and hyperthermia.
Double-hybrid density-functional theory with meta-generalized-gradient approximations
Authors: Souvi Sidi M. O. , Sharkas Kamal , Toulouse Julien
Published: February 2014

We extend the previously proposed one-parameter double-hybrid density-functional theory [K. Sharkas, J. Toulouse, and A. Savin, J. Chem. Phys. 134, 064113 (2011)] to meta-generalized-gradient-approximation (meta-GGA) exchange-correlation density functionals. We construct several variants of one-parameter double-hybrid approximations using the Tao-Perdew-Staroverov-Scuseria (TPSS) meta-GGA functional and test them on test sets of atomization energies and reaction barrier heights. The most accurate variant uses the uniform coordinate scaling of the density and of the kinetic energy density in the correlation functional, and improves over both standard Kohn-Sham TPSS and second-order Møller-Plesset calculations.
What happens to Petrov classification, on horizons of axisymmetric dirty black holes
Authors: Tanatarov I. V. , Zaslavskii O. B.
Published: February 2014

We consider axisymmetric stationary dirty black holes with regular non-extremal or extremal horizons, and compute their on-horizon Petrov types. The Petrov type (PT) in the frame of the observer crossing the horizon can be different from that formally obtained in the usual (but singular in the horizon limit) frame of an observer on a circular orbit. We call this entity the boosted Petrov type (BPT), as the corresponding frame is obtained by a singular boost from the regular one. The PT off-horizon can be more general than PT on-horizon and that can be more general than the BPT on horizon. This is valid for all regular metrics, irrespective of the extremality of the horizon. We analyze and classify the possible relations between the three characteristics and discuss the nature and features of the underlying singular boost. The three Petrov types can be the same only for space-times of PT D and O off-horizon. The mutual alignment of principal null directions and the generator in the vicinity of the horizon is studied in detail. As an example, we also analyze a special class of metrics with utra-extremal horizons (for which the regularity conditions look different from the general case) and compare their off-horizon and on-horizon algebraic structure in both frames.
Multiferroic phase stability in non-stoichiometric MnWO4
Authors: Yu H. W. , Li X. , Li L. , Liu M. F. , Yan Z. B. , Liu J.-M.
Published: February 2014

We investigate the multiferroic phase stability of MnWO4 in response to the non-stoichiometry of Mn and W, given the Mn:W ratio η. It is observed that the non-stoichiometry does not affect remarkably the ferroelectric transition point (the AF3-AF2 transition point) and the AF2-AF1 transition point, but the non-polar AF1 phase is partially replaced by the ferroelectric AF2 phase. The measured electric polarization is slightly enhanced with increasing stoichiometric deviation ∣η − 1∣. The possible underlying mechanism for these effects is discussed.
Measuring trapped noise in metamaterials
Authors: Wiltshire M. C. K. , Syms R. R. A.
Published: February 2014

Metamaterials constructed from conductive elements are lossy, and the structures act as sources of noise, whose spectrum is modified by the resonant nature of the medium itself. Furthermore, inside the medium, the noise is present as waves, which are standing waves for finite length samples. We present direct measurements of the noise spectra for a simple metamaterial comprising arrays of LC resonator elements, and compare them with the predictions of a circuit model incorporating Johnson noise. We find excellent agreement between the measured data and the model, reproducing both the resonant structure and the bandwidth of the noise spectrum, thus confirming the concept of noise waves in these metamaterials. These noise features match the frequency ranges where the metamaterial properties are useful, showing that noise is an inevitable companion to metamaterial performance in practical situations.
Analysis of geometric phase effects in the quantum-classical Liouville formalism
Authors: Ryabinkin Ilya G. , Hsieh Chang-Yu , Kapral Raymond , Izmaylov Artur F.
Published: February 2014

We analyze two approaches to the quantum-classical Liouville (QCL) formalism that differ in the order of two operations: Wigner transformation and projection onto adiabatic electronic states. The analysis is carried out on a two-dimensional linear vibronic model where geometric phase (GP) effects arising from a conical intersection profoundly affect nuclear dynamics. We find that the Wigner-then-Adiabatic (WA) QCL approach captures GP effects, whereas the Adiabatic-then-Wigner (AW) QCL approach does not. Moreover, the Wigner transform in AW-QCL leads to an ill-defined Fourier transform of double-valued functions. The double-valued character of these functions stems from the nontrivial GP of adiabatic electronic states in the presence of a conical intersection. In contrast, WA-QCL avoids this issue by starting with the Wigner transform of single-valued quantities of the full problem. As a consequence, GP effects in WA-QCL can be associated with a dynamical term in the corresponding equation of motion. Since the WA-QCL approach uses solely the adiabatic potentials and non-adiabatic derivative couplings as an input, our results indicate that WA-QCL can capture GP effects in two-state crossing problems using first-principles electronic structure calculations without prior diabatization or introduction of explicit phase factors.
Strongly modified four-wave mixing in a coupled semiconductor quantum dot-metal nanoparticle system
Authors: Paspalakis Emmanuel , Evangelou Sofia , Kosionis Spyridon G. , Terzis Andreas F.
Published: February 2014

We study the four-wave mixing effect in a coupled semiconductor quantum dot-spherical metal nanoparticle structure. Depending on the values of the pump field intensity and frequency, we find that there is a critical distance that changes the form of the spectrum. Above this distance, the four-wave mixing spectrum shows an ordinary three-peaked form and the effect of controlling its magnitude by changing the interparticle distance can be obtained. Below this critical distance, the four-wave mixing spectrum becomes single-peaked; and as the interparticle distance decreases, the spectrum is strongly suppressed. The behavior of the system is explained using the effective Rabi frequency that creates plasmonic metaresonances in the hybrid structure. In addition, the behavior of the effective Rabi frequency is explained via an analytical solution of the density matrix equations.
DC magnetic field sensor based on electric driving and magnetic tuning in piezoelectric/magnetostrictive bilayer
Authors: Zhang Long , Wing Or Siu , Ming Leung Chung , Ho S. L.
Published: February 2014

A dc magnetic field sensor possessing an interestingly high electric voltage-driven, magnetic field-tuned dc magnetoelectric (ME) effect is developed based on a bilayer of Pb(Zr, Ti)O3 piezoelectric transformer and Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.92 magnetostrictive substrate. The dc ME effect in the sensor, as evaluated experimentally and theoretically, is induced by driving the bilayer at its zero-field longitudinal resonance frequency (fr0) using an ac electric voltage (Vac) referenced at the input of the piezoelectric transformer, as well as, by tuning the field-dependent compliance and resonance characteristics of the bilayer with the dc magnetic field to be measured (Hdc) upon the negative−ΔE effect intrinsic in the magnetostrictive substrate. The sensor shows a good linear negative response of ac ME voltage (VME) at the output of the piezoelectric transformer to a broad range of Hdc of 0–350 Oe under a small Vac of 2.5 V peak at the designated fr0 of 125.3 kHz. This gives a high negative dc magnetic field sensitivity (S) of −1.58 mV/Oe.
Microcrystal-like cellulose fibrils as the diamagnetic director for microfluidic systems
Authors: Miyashita Y. , Iwasaka M. , Kimura T.
Published: February 2014

In recent years, nanostructures and nanostructuring of biogenic materials have been studied intensively, with a view to “high-tech” applications of sustainable, biologically derived materials. Magnetic orientation is useful for creating industrial products. Techniques for diamagnetic alignment of materials using fields of several Tesla (T) or more have been reported. In the present study, we explore the optical characteristics of microcrystalline cellulose whisker (CW), under sub-Tesla magnetic fields. Our eventual target is to create a biogenic optical device. We isolated microcrystalline CWs with high aspect ratio using centrifugation and found that these anisotropic whiskers, when in an aqueous suspension, respond to sub-T order magnetic fields, as observed using an optical microscope and a spectrometer. During observations with dark-field illumination, we found that the scattered light intensity changed during the magnetic orientation process, and depended on the directions of the magnetic field and dark-field illumination. These oriented microcrystalline CWs can be bio-mimetic optical tools for microscale wet processes, such as bio-MEMS.
Communication: From rods to helices: Evidence of a screw-like nematic phase
Authors: Kolli Hima Bindu , Frezza Elisa , Cinacchi Giorgio , Ferrarini Alberta , Giacometti Achille , Hudson Toby S.
Published: February 2014

Evidence of a special chiral nematic phase is provided using numerical simulation and Onsager theory for systems of hard helical particles. This phase appears at the high density end of the nematic phase, when helices are well aligned, and is characterized by the C2 symmetry axes of the helices spiraling around the nematic director with periodicity equal to the particle pitch. This coupling between translational and rotational degrees of freedom allows a more efficient packing and hence an increase of translational entropy. Suitable order parameters and correlation functions are introduced to identify this screw-like phase, whose main features are then studied as a function of radius and pitch of the helical particles. Our study highlights the physical mechanism underlying a similar ordering observed in colloidal helical flagella [E. Barry, Z. Hensel, Z. Dogic, M. Shribak, and R. Oldenbourg, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 018305 (2006)] and raises the question of whether it could be observed in other helical particle systems, such as DNA, at sufficiently high densities.
Surface diffusion coefficient of Au atoms on single layer graphene grown on Cu
Authors: Ruffino F. , Cacciato G. , Grimaldi M. G.
Published: February 2014

A 5 nm thick Au film was deposited on single layer graphene sheets grown on Cu. By thermal processes, the dewetting phenomenon of the Au film on the graphene was induced so to form Au nanoparticles. The mean radius, surface-to-surface distance, and surface density evolution of the nanoparticles on the graphene sheets as a function of the annealing temperature were quantified by scanning electron microscopy analyses. These quantitative data were analyzed within the classical mean-field nucleation theory so to obtain the temperature-dependent Au atoms surface diffusion coefficient on graphene: DS(T)=[(8.2±0.6)×10−8]exp[−(0.31±0.02eVat)/kT] cm2/s.
Effect of Dy/Nd double layer on coercivity in Nd-Fe-B thin films
Authors: Koike K. , Umezawa J. , Ishikawa H. , Ogawa D. , Mizuno Y. , Kato H. , Miyazaki T. , Ando Y.
Published: February 2014

The Nd-Fe-B (tNFB = 30 nm)/[Dy (tDy nm)/Nd (tNd nm)] (tDy/Nd = 20 nm) (thickness tDy = 0–10 nm) thin films were deposited on Al2O3(0001) substrate and subsequently in-situ annealed at 470 °C. As-deposited Nd-Fe-B thin films with a highly perpendicular orientation of c-axis were deposited by introducing bcc-Mo(111) single crystal buffer layer. After post-annealing, the grain size of the Nd-Fe-B/Dy/Nd thin films with the tDy = 10 nm and tNd = 10 nm becomes large due to the Dy and the Nd atoms thermal diffusion, while DyFe2 and Dy oxide compounds are formed in Nd-Fe-B layers, which is confirmed by means of a combination of atomic force microscopy observation and X-ray diffraction measurement. The Hc of Nd-Fe-B/Dy/Nd thin films with the tDy = 10 nm and tNd = 10 nm was approximately the same value of the Nd-Fe-B thin films without Dy/Nd double layer annealed at 470 °C. On the other hand, Hc is enhanced to be about 22.1 kOe in the annealed Nd-Fe-B/Dy/Nd films with the tDy = 0.8 nm and tNd = 19.2 nm.
Enhancement of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and transmission of spin-Hall-effect-induced spin currents by a Hf spacer layer in W/Hf/CoFeB/MgO layer structures
Authors: Pai Chi-Feng , Nguyen Minh-Hai , Belvin Carina , Vilela-Leão Luis Henrique , Ralph D. C. , Buhrman R. A.
Published: February 2014

We report that strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of the ferromagnetic layer in a W/CoFeB/MgO multilayer structure can be established by inserting a Hf layer as thin as 0.25 nm between the W and CoFeB layers. The Hf spacer also allows transmission of spin currents generated by an in-plane charge current in the W layer to apply strong spin torque on the CoFeB, thereby enabling current-driven magnetic switching. The antidamping-like and field-like components of the spin torque exerted on a 1 nm CoFeB layer are of comparable magnitudes in this geometry. Both components originate from the spin Hall effect in the underlying W layer.
Self-triggering regime for synchronized formation of two droplets
Authors: Phan Dinh-Tuan , Nguyen Nam-Trung
Published: February 2014

This letter reports experimental results of the synchronized formation of two liquid droplets in a microfluidic device. A pair of droplets is formed periodically in a T-junction configuration with a single channel for the continuous phase and two inlets for the dispersed phase. The pair-wise droplet formation process is self-triggering, as the first droplet formed upstream triggers the breakup of the second droplet downstream. The triggered breakup happens across the different formation regimes. The effects of capillary number and flow rate ratio on the size and order of the droplets are investigated. The configuration reported here may serve as a parallel to serial sampling device for droplet-based lab-on-a-chip platforms.
High-energy radiation damage in zirconia: Modeling results
Authors: Zarkadoula E. , Devanathan R. , Weber W. J. , Seaton M. A. , Todorov I. T. , Nordlund K. , Dove M. T. , Trachenko K.
Published: February 2014

Zirconia is viewed as a material of exceptional resistance to amorphization by radiation damage, and consequently proposed as a candidate to immobilize nuclear waste and serve as an inert nuclear fuel matrix. Here, we perform molecular dynamics simulations of radiation damage in zirconia in the range of 0.1–0.5 MeV energies with account of electronic energy losses. We find that the lack of amorphizability co-exists with a large number of point defects and their clusters. These, importantly, are largely isolated from each other and therefore represent a dilute damage that does not result in the loss of long-range structural coherence and amorphization. We document the nature of these defects in detail, including their sizes, distribution, and morphology, and discuss practical implications of using zirconia in intense radiation environments.
Excitation wavelength dependence of the anomalous circular photogalvanic effect in undoped InGaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells
Authors: Zhu L. P. , Liu Y. , Jiang C. Y. , Qin X. D. , Li Y. , Gao H. S. , Chen Y. H.
Published: February 2014

The excitation wavelength dependence of the anomalous circular photogalvanic effect (ACPGE) current arising from the reciprocal spin Hall effect (RSHE) in undoped InGaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells is measured under normal incidence of circularly polarized light at room temperature. We found that the spot location with the maximum ACPGE current is wavelength independent. And the normalized ACPGE current decreases at smaller wavelengths, which can be attributed to the sharp decrease of the spin relaxation time (τs) and the hot electron relaxation time (τ1) at smaller wavelengths. The study of the excitation wavelength dependence of ACPGE current is a good supplement to the in-depth investigation of RSHE.
Laser-heating wire bonding on MEMS packaging
Authors: Liu Yuetao , Sun Lining
Published: February 2014

Making connections is critical in fabrication of MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems). It is also complicated, because the temperature during joining affects both the bond produced and the structure and mechanical properties of the moving parts of the device. Specifications for MEMS packaging require that the temperature not exceed 240 °C. However, usually, temperatures can reach up to 300 °C during conventional thermosonic wire bonding. Such a temperature will change the distribution of dopants in CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) circuits. In this paper we propose a new heating process. A semiconductor laser (wavelength 808 nm) is suggested as the thermal source for wire bonding. The thermal field of this setup was analyzed, and specific mathematical models of the field were built. Experimental results show that the heating can be focused on the bonding pad, and that much lower heat conduction occurs, compared with that during the normal heating method. The bond strength increases with increasing laser power. The bond strengths obtained with laser heating are slightly lower than those obtained with the normal heating method, but can still meet the strength requirements for MEMS.
Impacts of hanging method and high pre-rigor temperature and duration on quality attributes of ovine muscles
Authors: Kim Y. H. B. , Kerr M. , Geesink G. , Warner R. D.
Published: February 2014

This study evaluated effects of high pre-rigor temperature and duration and suspension of lamb sides on quality traits and protein denaturation in two muscles [semimembranosus (SM) and longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL)]. Twenty-four lamb carcasses, within each of 3 slaughter days, were used to assign eight carcasses to one of four pre-rigor temperature treatments: chilled at 2°C directly after slaughter, or held at 37°C in water for 1.5, 3.0 or 4.5 h before transfer to a 2°C chiller. At ~15 min post slaughter, one side of each carcass was suspended from the Achilles tendon, whereas the other side was suspended by the aitch bone and the leg tied down to the ribs. The sides subjected to aitch bone hanging had an increased sarcomere length in the SM, but decreased sarcomere length in the LTL. For the LTL, the time of exposure to high pre-rigor temperature had a significant effect on measures of protein denaturation and related meat quality traits such as purge and colour, although tenderness (shear force) after 2 days of aging was not affected. For the SM, the high temperature treatment also resulted in increase in measures of protein denaturation and thus negatively influenced meat quality traits such as purge, colour and shear force after aging. However, these effects on purge and shear force in the SM were significantly mitigated by the aitchbone hanging treatment. The results of the present experiment indicate that pre-rigor aitchbone hanging of muscles can counteract the negative effects of high pre-rigor temperature on both water loss and meat tenderness.
Mapping the innate signaling cascade essential for cytokine storm during influenza virus infection
Authors: Teijaro John R. , Walsh Kevin B. , Rice Stephanie , Rosen Hugh , Oldstone Michael B. A.
Published: February 2014

Significance

Cytokine storm plays an essential and commanding role in the clinical outcome and pathogenesis of influenza virus infection. We previously documented that a small molecule that activates sphingosine-1-phosphate-1 receptor (S1P
1
R) signaling is primarily responsible for blunting cytokine storm to protect the infected host from the consequences of influenza infection. In the present study, we map host innate signaling pathways of cytokine storm and chart where along those pathways the drug is effective. We find that the efficacy of S1P
1
R agonist in blunting cytokine storm is through global inhibition downstream of myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 and IFN-β promoter stimulator-1 signaling.
Narrative form and the morality of psychology's gendering stories
Authors: Coombes Leigh , Morgan Mandy
Published: February 2014

In this article we read particular fragments of poststructuralist theory to constitute a narrative epistemological position that enables us to question the morality of psychology's narratives of gendered subjectivities. Drawing on the work of Lyotard (1984) and White (1987) we theorise narrative form as complicit with moral order and the morality of subject positioning. We then question the positioning of a particular woman through a narrative telling of her psychology. The specific narrative is the judge's summation in a murder trial where the case is defended through a plea of insanity. The accused woman's psychology is told through reference to trial evidence: the expert testimony of psychologists and psychiatrists. We read fragments from the judge's summation and from expert testimony to exemplify the moral order of the positioning they enable and constrain. Finally, we discuss the implications of our reading for interventions into the social power relations of legitimate psychological knowledges. (Feminism, Poststructuralism, Narrative, Morality, Insanity, Mental Disorder)
What shapes narrative thought?
Authors: Smorti Andrea , McKeough Anne , Ciucci Enrica , Pyryt Michael , Wilson Nicki , Sanderson Alex , Fung Tak
Published: February 2014

The primary aims of the study were to investigate the narrative strategies used by Italian and Canadian youth on progressive (improving interactions) and regressive (degenerating interactions) stories and to investigate potential differences in story interpretation across the two countries. Two hundred and six participants, matched for age, gender and SES, were selected from fifth and seventh grade classrooms in Calgary, Canada, and Florence, Italy. Participants were presented with six stories of social interaction between peers, in which the protagonist performed an act that differed markedly from his/her habitual behavior towards a classmate, and asked to describe events that led to the discrepant act and to interpret the social attitude of the protagonist. The results showed that participants used different narrative strategies on the two story types. Moreover, country of residence shaped the children’s narrative interpretations.
Parent-child-adult storytelling
Authors: Stavans Anat , Goldzweig Gil
Published: February 2014

Book reading appears to be a highly revered and widely practiced home and school routine within and across literate western cultures. This study examined the relationship between home practices and expected children’s production. We assumed the contribution of home literacy patterns such as storytelling to have a predictive value on the development of children’s narrative productions as one facet of children’s literacy development. To this end, we set out to investigate similarities and differences in the profile of parental narrative input and children’s narrative productions. We first looked at the structural and organizational characteristics of adult-child and child-adult narratives and the relationship between the two in terms of its narrative forms and functions. Then we analyzed the interaction during narratives to — and by- children to other adults. The participants of this study were 64 parent-child dyads recruited into three age groups. Parents were asked to tell their child a picture-book story and the children were asked to tell the same story to an adult experimenter. The stories were recorded and transcribed. The data were coded into structural and interactive categories and analyzed between parent and children productions and across the three age groups. The results showed a complex relationship between parental narrative input and child-adult output. While parental narrative input resembles child narrative input, this resemblance grows stronger as the child gets older. Yet the differences between parental and child narrative input may be motivated by the child’s linguistic, narrative and social development.
Narrators defend their side of the story metaphorically at troubled narrative junctions
Authors: Kupferberg Irit , Green David
Published: February 2014

The study explores troubled Israeli telephone talk to explain the functions of figurative clusters (FCs) produced in callers’ stories. Espousing a theoretical framework comprising discourse-oriented institutional conversation analysis, narrative inquiry and discursive psychology, as well as a model of narrative positioning that probes narrators’ co-construction of meaning, we show that FCs were generated at certain junctions in the interaction when callers defended their side of the story. In their attempt to sound accountable, they resorted to FCs, remedial linguistic devices that enabled them to redefine their positioning in relation to others in the narrated world and present it to other interlocutors in the ongoing interaction. This finding provides further empirical evidence linking narrative and figurative construction of meaning in troubled talk
Embedded stories and the life story
Authors: Stockburger Inge
Published: February 2014

This article explores how tellers, more specifically life writers, embed small stories within larger narratives of significant episodes in their lives. I analyze the way in which a life writer, Ayun Halliday, embeds two smaller stories about ordinary experiences from her own childhood into a lengthier narrative about her daughter’s first case of head lice. The data set includes two versions of the lice narrative: one version appears in the writer’s motherhood memoir (The Big Rumpus) published by Seal Press in 2002, and a later version appears in the writer’s self-published perzine (The East Village Inky) in 2004. I analyze how the embedded story-worlds are presented differently in each context by focusing on openings and closings and level of detail in referrals and event clauses. Studying changes in retellings is one way of unpacking the role of embedded stories in the construction of larger ones. Ultimately, I make the point that both embedded stories play a role in Ayun’s larger discursive move in the lice narrative to share the burden of her daughter’s stigma by positioning herself both within a set of mother figures from her family biography and against a broader cultural backdrop of big “D” discourses (Gee, 1999) about good (or bad) parenting.