bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
State of Construction Spanish and Hispanic Safety Culture Education in the US
Authors: Clarke Shima , Kumar Shubham
Published: December 2023

According to research studies, Hispanic and Spanish speaking labors make up about 30% of the fatalities in the construction industry. Experts concur that the language barrier between Spanish- speaking workers and English-speaking supervisors is the primary reason for these high rates. Construction Spanish courses need to be taught in construction management departments in colleges throughout the US in order to reduce the language/communication gap between labors and future construction managers or superintendents. This study examines the construction Spanish and Hispanic safety culture courses that are taught in construction programs in the US. It was determined that only a few construction Spanish courses are taught. There is a need to teach students construction Spanish language and Hispanic safety culture in order to reduce the rate of the Hispanic workforce fatalities and injuries.
Is it feasible to identify outputs of an arbitrary process at run time without excessively slowing down workflows?
Authors: Jensen Philip Shun , Lilholm Iben , Marchant David
Published: December 2023

In this study, we explore the feasibility of identifying file events for any process in real-time without significant workflow slowdowns, to aid in generating a data provenance report for the dynamic workflow manager, MEOW. Unlike traditional workflow managers, MEOW’s output location isn’t pre-defined, and output can initiate another job. We es- tablished criteria and examined four Linux tools: strace, perf script, inotify, and fanotify. Our findings suggest that strace meets our requirements, and integrating an strace-based tracer into MEOW is both theoretically and practically viable. While the implemented tracer slows the workflow by approximately 1.3 times, worst-case scenarios show it could be up to 5 times. This research forms the base for constructing MEOW’s data provenance report.
Development of Formal Constructability Review Meeting Guidelines for Transportation Agencies
Authors: Akhnoukh Amin , Hendrix Georgina , Rasdorf William , Bonilla Minerva , Findley Daniel
Published: December 2023

Constructability reviews have been used by multiple departments of transportation (DOTs) in the United States for more than a decade to enhance the project design documents by introducing construction knowledge to the design process. Constructability reviews provide the contractors with a complete set of bid documents that have a reduced possibility of encountering any obstacles during project construction phase. The main objective of this research is to provide DOTs and transportation agencies with guidelines to conduct formal constructability review meetings with increased efficiency. Transportation agency personnel, consultants, and contractors were interviewed to collect data relevant to constructability review meetings best practices, advantages, and disadvantages. The analysis of interviews results determined that conducting constructability review meetings before 50% completion of the design phase is recommended. A successful meeting should include project designer, project manager, and a minimum of 3 general contractors. Attendees should receive advanced information regarding the project, and meetings should be held in the construction site to ensure proper communication. The implementation of the research outcomes will increase the constructability review meeting outcomes, minimize cost and schedule overruns, and enhance the overall safety of the construction project.
Covid-19 Impact on Faculty Research Productivity
Authors: Mosier Rachel , Adhikari Sanjeev , Langar Sandeep , Sulbaran Tulio
Published: December 2023

The response of academic institutions to Covid-19 impacted faculty in numerous ways including teaching, service, and research productivity. Thus, this research seeks to determine the United States (US). Construction faculty perceptions of Covid-19 impacts to their research. This research targeted group was US academic institutions members of the Associated Schools of Construction (ASC) grouped according to their Carnegie Institutional Classification. It was hypothesized that research of faculty in doctoral universities with very high research activity (R1) according to the Carnegie Classification would be more broadly impacted. To evaluate this hypothesis, a non-experimental correlational research approach was implemented using an online survey instrument to collect data. The data collected correspond to 109 construction educators within the US. The elements considered to impact faculty research in this study include: average teaching load, online learning environment (OLE) impact on research and service, factors affecting research productivity, overall institutional support and support to OLE. Based on the data analysis, it was determined that differences in the institutions’ Carnegie Classification does not have an effect on the faculty perceptions of Covid-19 impacts, as faculty from all types of classifications indicated comparable impacts on research, service and teaching.
BIM Data Handover from Construction to Operations
Authors: Mayo Glenda , McCuen Tamera , Shelbourn Mark
Published: December 2023

Facility owners and managers rely on trusted asset data developed during projects in BIM for reducing risk in operations, strategic planning, design, construction, sustainability, and environmental responsiveness. The prime contractor is the party responsible for construction handover and for fulfilling the project owner’s requirements to deliver the building information model (BIM) and the asset data as set forth in the BIM Project Execution Plan (BEP). This research was approached with a broad perspective of the state-of-practice of BIM data use for Facilities Management (FM). Using a questionnaire sent to facility owners, managers and those in similar positions this study sought to identify why the project data handover from construction is vital to facilities management for operations and maintenance, and how the project data is collected and used for facilities management purposes. The results discussed here were limited to Construction Deliverables and Facilities Management. The research found that following a prescribed process for understanding O&M needs, as defined in the UK for some years, could help. Understanding the issues identified in this paper is a great starting point for construction handover. Reflections from this study should be applicable for O&M stages in both the USA and UK respectively.
Historic Building Case Study: Measuring Differential Settlement Combined with Experiential Learning
Authors: Larson Kyle , Schaffner Steve , Anderson Lindsay
Published: December 2023

Sagging floors along with cracked interior finishes and exterior masonry is commonplace for structures that have been in service for an extended period of time. Differential settlement is a phenomenon that many structures undergo. A historical building society had a building that was over 150 years old and was experiencing the aforementioned distresses. Wanting a second opinion they called a local university for their expertise and help. The faculty decided this project would be a great opportunity for an undergraduate construction science student to interact with a client and develop a solution. The project led to a great experiential learning opportunity for one student. The student was able to interact with a client and come up with real world solutions, just like they would have to endure once in industry. The student had to determine what was causing the cracking and find a way to prove if there were immediate safety concerns for the building. In the end everyone benefited from the project as the historical building society received a valuable second opinion and an undergraduate student found practical uses for ideas to solve problems and make decisions based on the findings.
Building Information Modeling and Value Engineering for Project Schedule and Cost Control
Authors: Amoah Kwame , Wao Joel
Published: December 2023

Architectural, Engineering, and Construction industry personnel continuously face challenges in executing projects within budget and schedule. Scheduling and cost control are vital processes for achieving project success. A study proposed a framework for integrating building information modeling (BIM) and value engineering (VE) processes to enhance value, minimize costs, improve schedules, and ease information exchange. A case study building project was used to demonstrate how BIM and VE integration can be harmonized and validate the proposed method. The findings showed that using BIM and VE improves design modification and detailed data extraction, e.g., cost, schedule, etc. The outcome indicated the significance of using both BIM and VE to enhance project functionality, performance, and team coordination throughout the project lifecycle. This study provided the value of the integrated BIM and VE, including understanding the project requirements, improving team dynamics, seamless data exchange, and a comprehensive understanding of linking weighted and functional analysis to BIM processes and validated recommended project solutions. The proposed framework provided an option for virtually evaluating design changes and reducing errors during construction.
Best Management Practices for Grease Interceptors and Sanitary Sewer System Protection in Nashville, TN
Authors: Sanford Douglas , Kramer Scott
Published: December 2023

Worldwide, approximately 40-50% of annual Sanitary Sewer Systems blockages are caused by fat, oil, and grease. This research study reviewed the issue of fat, oil and grease produced by Food Service Establishments and the impact this has on Sanitary Sewer Systems and measures available as prevention. Additionally, this research focused on the EPA Code of Regulations and the Nashville, TN Code of Ordinances, that determine types of grease control systems, required maintenance, along with Food Service Establishments compliance, and implementation of Best Management Practices (BMPs). A survey of twenty (20) Food Service Establishments in Nashville, TN was conducted to understand the necessity for Grease Interceptors and other preventative measures such as self- managed Food Service Operation BMPs and their ability to prevent and protect the Sanitary Sewer System. The survey analysis details that Food Service Operations BMPs are sporadic at best and further research is needed in this area of Sanitary Sewer System protection.
Race-Condition-Robust Hardware-Software Equivalence in *n*x
Authors: Dickson Larry
Published: December 2023

Classic CSP communication channels behave equivalently whether connecting software processes or hardware devices. The static OCCAM language and the Transputer proces- sor, both based on finite CSP, exhibit this property, which results in Hardware-Software Equivalence between implementation of the same programs (including binaries). Programs written in OCCAM and run on the Transputer can be proven correct and their behavior characterized down to cycle count.

This Fringe presentation shows a technique for extending this HSE to *n*x processes and devices in certain applications. Wherever certain capabilities of the ssh suite of pro- grams are found, it works to allow communication using sockets as the communicators known to the programs. An ssh tunnel between sockets on separate devices allows this to work in the hardware case, without any change in the programs including their binaries. Among the *n*x varieties we have shown to work are Linux, Mac BSD, and Termux over Android.

The technique passes short messages via a server program. An investigation of race conditions, using the property of select() that it always finds a winner among file descriptor communication races, proves that the communication is robust across all possible timing differences between communicating client pairs.

The current code works if two of the clients are communicating at a time. It requires further development before handling three independent racing systems.
Oferta Laboral en México: un enfoque de variables instrumentales
Authors: Caamal Olvera Cinthya
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the labour supply in Mexico during the period 1988-2002, using micro information in a macro context. This objective will be pursued by analysing the factors relating to the decision of how many hours to work crosswise households, which is made by the head of household. This paper also examines whether or not macro factors, such as public spending on education made at the state level, might influence this decision across states. Firstly, the relevant demographic characteristics of heads of households, as well as assorted state decisions about education spending, are examined in order to estimate a labour supply and map the different responses from households across states.It is useful to estimate the wage elasticity in order to account for the factors that make people work more hours and observe whether there is a preference for work or leisure and how spending on education, and the resulting wage effects, makes people modify their choices. There are several factors that influence the endogenous relationship between hours of work and wages; that is, the decision to work is affected by regional differences, limited number of vacancies across states, lack of unemployment benefits and reduced benefits received from government.The Mexican case is interesting not only because of the differences in wage, education and development across states but also because of the tendency to work more hours per week than several developed countries on a regular annual base. For example, during the period of time considered and based only on working people aged 20-55 years old, one observes that men work on average 481 hours while women work about 38 hours per week. Alesina and Glaeser (2005) compare the hours worked by those employed and at working age in Europe and United States. They note that the US has the highest value for working hours, which is 392, while the lowest is Italy with
Regresión espuria en especificaciones dinámicas Apéndice-B
Authors: Gómez Zaldivar Manuel
Published: December 2023

Se detalla la metodología empleada para obtener los resultados asintóticos.
Veinte años de estancamiento en la distribución del ingreso de las familias Mexicanas Un enfoque de microdatos
Authors: Vargas Téllez César Octavio
Published: December 2023

Resumen El presente trabajo hace un análisis detallado de la evolución del ingreso total de las familias Mexicanas en los veinte años que han marcado el cambio estructural de la economía. Con base en nueve Encuestas de Ingreso Gasto de los Hogares y una división por ventiles y el uso de índices de desigualdad, se encuentra que lejos de una mejoría en la distribución del ingreso ha habido un empeoramiento y, en el mejor de los casos, un estancamiento. La particularidad de la clasificación por ventiles permite observar un mayor dinamismo en las tasas de crecimiento del ingreso de las familias con más recursos, lo que induce a pensar que a pesar del aumento generalizado del ingreso, la concentración de la riqueza también ha aumentado y las políticas públicas para minimizar las desigualdades que esto representa, no han tenido el efecto deseado.JEL classification: I30, I32.
Consumo y decisiones de portafolio en ambientes estocásticos: un marco teórico unificador
Authors: Venegas Martínez Francisco , Rodríguez Nava Abigail
Published: December 2023

En este trabajo se proporciona un marco teórico que presenta de manera consistente el proceso de toma de decisiones de un consumidor-inversionista en un ambiente de riesgo e incertidumbre con volatilidad constante. Los procesos de Wiener y Poisson desempeñan un papel esencial en el modelado del riesgo de mercado y la incertidumbre en la política económica. En este contexto, se examinan de manera sistemática diferentes modelos, de equilibrio parcial, que caracterizan el consumo y las proporciones de la riqueza que un consumidor racional asigna a los diferentes activos, disponibles en los mercados financieros (doméstico y extranjero). JEL Classification: H31, F31, and D91.
Análisis de cointegración y valores umbrales entre la inflación y el crecimiento económico en México: 1970-2007
Authors: Risso W. Adrián Risso Adrián , Sánchez Carrera Edgar J.
Published: December 2023

El objetivo de este estudio es estimar empíricamente las relaciones de largo plazo y los efectos umbrales entre la inflación y el crecimiento económico en México. Se muestra la existencia de tal relación a través de un vector cointegrado entre el crecimiento económico (PIB real) y la tasa de inflación (medido por el Índice Nacional de Precios al Consumidor), y se encuentra una elasticidad significativamente negativa. Además, la relación causal entre estas dos series es estudiada mediante una prueba más sólida que la de Granger; sin embargo, no encontramos ninguna dirección de causalidad entre las series. Las estimaciones del modelo de valores umbrales sugiere un 9% como el valor umbral (punto de ruptura estructural) entre la inflación y el crecimiento económico, lo cual significa que valores de inflación por encima del umbral tienen un impacto negativo sobre el crecimiento económico en México. Clasificación JEL: E31, O40, O42.
Technological aspect of import substitution in the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Goraeva T.
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the features and problems of implementing the import substitution policy in the Republic of Belarus. It is shown that these problems are due to insuﬃcient attention to the need to improve the technological level of the national economy. Author's proposals have been developed to link the import substitution policy with the problem of ensuring the technological security of the Belarusian state. New indicators and the author's methodology for determining the level of product localization are proposed for use, which, unlike the standard methodology, take into account the origin of not only raw materials, materials, components, but also the technological equipment used in the production process. The practical application of the conclusions and recommendations made in the article will, on the one hand, rationalize imports, and, on the other hand, will become a factor in the technical and technological modernization of the Belarusian economy.
LUDICIDADE: DA APLICABILIDADE EM SALA DE AULA PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL
Authors: Pereira Sônia , Santos Adriele França , Rosa Alex Chagas da , Santos Vívia Pereira de Moraes , Lima Jonas dos Santos
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo busca analisar a importância da inserção de lúdicos na educação infantil, o intuito é mostrar o quão se faz necessário esse modelo de ensino para as crianças conseguirem se desenvolver melhor dia após dia. Dessa forma a pesquisa tem como objetivo geral abordar a aplicação dos jogos lúdicos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem e de forma específica destaca-se os seguintes objetivos i) verificar quais as maiores dificuldades na aprendizagem das crianças, ii) identificar os benefícios proporcionados pelo ensino lúdico e iii) apontar os desafios que os lúdicos enfrentam diariamente em sala de aula. Sendo assim, a pesquisa elenca uma reflexão sobre o tema abordado, fazendo com que tal temática possibilite abrir leques futuros. De modo metodológico o artigo origina-se ao viés básico onde o estudo destaca-se a ludicidade como instrumento de aprendizagem no desenvolvimento infantil visando os desafios encontrados e o auxílio que o lúdico promove ao ensino, abordando ainda o estudo origina-se de modo descritivo com tipologia qualitativa tendo como base artigos que se enquadram na mesma linha de raciocínio. Concomitante ao exposto, fica enfatizado a importância de serem adotados os métodos lúdicos em sala de aula fazendo com que a criança tenha melhor desenvolvimento.
O guardião do mar
Authors: Regueira Luciana Silva , Maia Luciana Maria Silva de Seixas , Carvalho Thales Arthur Santos , Silva Shahyra Kettlin Merellis Vasconcelos da , Silva Lidiane Quérolin Macena da , Silva Leticia Pereira Gomes da , Ferreira Kettelyn Regina Araújo , Silva Gutemberg Aleixo da , Azeredo Fabiana Ribeiro D'Oliveira , Maior Júnior Emerson Souza Souto , Souza Danilo Rafael Silva de , Silva Bruno Mayco Santana da , Abreu Juann Aryell Francisco de Holanda , Silva Natanael Manoel da
Published: December 2023

Essa é uma história de uma grande confusão no mar que envolve muitos personagens interessantes, um pouco de mistério, responsabilidade social e uma linda mensagem ao final.
Os personagens da nossa história foram inspirados nos animais do acervo do Programa Integrado Ensino Pesquisa e Extensão (PIPEx) da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Alguns deles bem conhecidos e outros menos, o que apresenta ao leitor um pouco da riqueza da biodiversidade marinha. Além disso, no fim de cada página a concha do mar te remete a uma tabela no fim do livro onde consta a informação completa de cada animal, assim o leitor pode mergulhar nesse universo e conhecer melhor cada personagem.
Manual de entrevista investigativa para polícia judiciária.
Authors: Cecconello William Weber , Stein Lilian Milnitsky
Published: December 2023

Este Manual foi desenvolvido como parte da Formação
Inicial em Entrevista Investigativa (FiTE), oferecido pelo Labo-
ratório de Ensino e Pesquisa em Cognição e Justiça (CogJus),
em uma parceria entre o Centro de Direitos Humanos da No-
ruega e a Fundação Imed. Buscamos apresentar aqui, de ma-
neira didática, os principais componentes da Entrevista Inves-
tigativa. Nesse sentido, optamos por utilizar uma linguagem
menos acadêmica, embora as referências para os argumen-
tos de cada seção possam ser encontradas ao final delas. Este
Manual foi projetado como um guia inicial, objetivando auxiliar
professores e alunos a melhor conhecerem a Entrevista In-
vestigativa. Portanto, não possui foco para um tipo específico
de crime (e.g., homicídio, violência sexual, estelionato, dentre
outros). De fato, as bases aqui apresentadas se aplicam a to-
das as situações de investigação nas quais se busca obter in-
formações de forma efetiva a partir da lembrança de pessoas,
sejam testemunhas, vítimas ou suspeitos.
O fenômeno da Evolução Química
Authors: Lima Ricardo Junio Feitosa
Published: December 2023

A evolução química (ou evolução molecular) é um fenômeno natural pelo qual sequências ordenadas de eventos causam a formação de macromoléculas complexas e substâncias autorreplicantes como proteínas e ácidos nucleicos. Este processo foi fundamental para a origem de partículas proteicas replicantes como príons, de sistemas genéticos como viroides e pode ser a base da origem dos organismos vivos. As teorias envolvendo a evolução química são agrupamento de conhecimentos tentando explicar, com o mais alto grau de exatidão, como ocorreu o processo.
FAILURE OF FOLLICULAR STIMULATION AND OESTRUS INDUCTION WITH SYNTHETIC GONADOTROPIN RELEASING HORMONE AND PROGESTERONE IN DEEPLY ANOSTRUS ARABIAN MARES
Authors: F.R. ABDUL-AZIZ
Published: December 2023

Six deeply anestrus Arabian mares associated with small, hard inactive ovaries were treated with synthetic gonadotrophin releasing hormone, GnRH, (Fertagyl ) and progesterone (Primolut Depot) to produce the gonadotrophin surges responsible for inducing follicular activity, estrus behavior and ovulation during the breeding season (Spring and Summer). The mares were given intramuscuarly three courses of the synthetic GnRH begining on days 1,11 and 21 of treatment. Each course consisted of 4 injections of 1.0 mg of Fertagyl given at 12 hours intervals. On day 23, animals were given another injection of 1.5 mg of Fertagyl, the mares also received an injections of 150 mg progesterone daily from day 5 till day 16. 
Clinical examination of the mares revealed neither ovarian follicular activity nor estrus behavior. It appears that synthetic GnRH and progesterone in deeply anestrus Arabian mares failed to induce cyclic follicular stimulation and estrus behavior.
RINDERPEST IN CATTLE IN MOSUL AREA: CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS AND SEROLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS
Authors: A.Yousif Y. , I. Sawa M. , M. Zenad M.
Published: December 2023

Outbreaks of rinderpest in cattle occurred in Mosul area between February to June 1987. The morbidity and mortality rates were 45.9% and 19.3%, respectively. The disease was characterized by pyrexia, nasal discharge, lacrimation, hyperemic mucous membranes, anorexia, diarrhoea, lesions in the buccal cavity, respiratory distress and reduced rumen motility. Haematological studies revealed leukopenia and concurrent infection with theileriosis and anaplasmosis in 26.6% of RP affected cattle. Rinderpest viral antigens were detected in mesentric and visceral lymphnodes and spleen of the affected animals by agar gel diffusion test
SERUM ESTRADIOL AND PROGESTERONE CONCENTRATIONS IN COWS WITH AND WITHOUT RETAINED PLACENTA
Authors: I., Al-Anbaghy K. , K., Shareef R. , H., Ali A. , Fathalla M.
Published: December 2023

Serum samples from 8 Friesian cows with retained placenta and from 6 without retained placenta were analysed for estradiol 17B (E2) and progesterone concentrations by radiolimmunoassay. 

Results revealed that, mean E2 values in the affected COWS were higher than those of the unaffected, while progesterone levels did not differ significantly in both groups. 

Data have suggested that the increased estrogen level before parturition, toghether, with fall in the progesterone levels might be involved in the incidence of retained placenta.
UTERINE PROLAPSE IN RELATION TO SERUM CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM AND INORGANIC PHOSPHORUS IN AWASSI EWES
Authors: F. Majeed A. , B. Ali J. , N. Al-Kushal M.
Published: December 2023

The study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between serum calcium, magnesium and inorganic phosphorus in the uterine prolapse in Awassi Ewes. The serum of animals with uterine prolapse had significantly lower calcium and inorganic phosphorus levels (P<0.01) as compared to the control group, While serum magnesium showed no significance (P<0.05) difference. The results of this study revealed the importance of application of drugs rich in minerals espacially calcium in treating the condition.
PREVALENCE OF EIMERIA SPECIES OF LAMBS IN BAGHDAD AREA (IRAQ)
Authors: Y. Yakob A. , M.A. Latif B. , S.Al-Janabi A. , I. Zaki M.
Published: December 2023

Four hundred and two faecal samples from lambs up to four months pld from the center of Baghdad area, were examined for the presence of coccidia parasites. The highest rate of infection (83.8) occurred in lambs about 3-8 weeks of age. Nine species of Eimeria were recovered for the first time in Baghdad namely; E. ovinoidalis, E.crandallis, E. parva, E. ninakolykimovae, E. ahsata E. Faurie, E. pallida, E. granulosa, and E. intricata. 
E. ovinoidalis and E. crandalli occured most frequently and were generally most predominent, the percentage of these species recorded during December were 34.7% and 21.7% respectively.
OTTER CALF
Authors: A. KHAMAS W. , A. ABBAS Th. , H. ALI A.
Published: December 2023

A full term fetus showing congenital defects in the head and limbs. 

The calf had inferior brachygnathia combined with four limbs deformity. Failure of the horizontal plate of palatine bone to fuse with the palatine process of the maxillary bone. When the haed was sectioned, large fluid filled cavity revealed in the lateral ventricles. Other parts of the central nervous system apparentlly well developed. These findings were compared with similar defects in other animals described in the literature.
BOVINE SUBCLINICAL MASTITIS: BACTERIAL ISOLATION AND PHAGE TYPING OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATES
Authors: A.AL-Izzi S. , K. Abo N. , A. AL-Azawi W.
Published: December 2023

Out of 107 COW milk samples, 44(41.12%) yielded bacterial growth. The isolates were identified according to their cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics as Staphylococcus aureus (40.91%).. Escherichia coli (29.55%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (18.18%), Streptococcus uberis (9.09%) and Corynebacterium pyogenes (2.29%). Out of 18 Staphylococcus aureus isolates, ten (55.56%) were typable with a set of 23 human phages. These isolates were lysed by three or more phages. The most effective antimicrobial agents against the majority of 

of Staphylococcus aureus isolates were : erythromycin, rifampicin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, carbenicillin, cloxacillin, ampicillin, cephalothin and tetracycline as indicated by in vitro sensitivity test.
A STUDY ON CAPRINE PNEUMONIA IN IRAQI LOCAL GOATS ETIOLOGICAL FINDINGS
Authors: H. Al-Joboury K. , M. Al-Darraji A.
Published: December 2023

In a study designed to evaluate the prevalence of caprine pneumonia and to identify it's bacterial and parasitic causes, 100 lungs with pneumonic lesions were collected. The prevalence rate was 12.5%. The most commonly associated bacterial isolates with the suppurative and interstitial pneumonia were the followings: Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus haemolyticus (x,B), while the most commonly associated bacterial isolates with fibrinous and fibrino - purulent pneumonia was Pasteurella haemolytica. 

The most commonly associated parasite in chronic purulent and muco purulent pneumonia was Dictyocaulus filaria, in cases of chronic interstitial pneumonia were either D. filaria or Muellerius capillaris and in cases of chronic granulomatous pneumonia were a  combination of D. filaria and M. capillaris. 

Four miscellaneous parasitic lung lesions were reported, three of which were hydatid cysts (Echinococcus granulosus) and the fourth one was due to liver fluke (Fasciola gigantica).
STUDIES OF PATHOLGICAL CHANGES OF LOCAL BREED CATTLE NATURALLY-INFECTED ‘ WITH FASCOIOLA GIGANTICA
Authors: A.A Makkawi T. , D. Yohanna S.
Published: December 2023

This study was conducted to characterize the pathological changes caused by F. gigantica.

The pathological changes were studied in samples collected from abattoir, which included, livers, gall badders and hepatic lymph nodes.

The results indicate that the disease is endemic in Baghdad area and the areas around it. The incidence rate of this parasite increased in the beginning of winter and decreased to it's‘ lowest in April. The disease(Fascioliasis) was classified as acute and chronic.
EFFECT OF STRAIN AND TERPERATURE ON SOME SEMENAL CHACTERISTICS OF LOCAL TURKEY MALRS
Authors: Th. Taha N. , W. AL Doori T. , J. Howaizi D. , B.Al-Deen S. , Y. Taha. S.
Published: December 2023

This study was conducted at the turkey farm of the College of Agriculture, Salahaddin University, by using (7) black and (10) red local turkey males to study the effect of strain and environmental temperature on some semen characteristics (Semen volume, colour, pH, Individual and mass sperm motility, live and abmormal sperm percentage, and aperm concentration in cu. ml. and in ejaculate, and to study the relation between paire of characters under study. Analysis of voriance showed that strain had a signifiant effect (p<0.05) only on mass sperm motility and sperm concentration in cu ml traits. Tnviromental temperature showed a significant effect (p<0.01) on all traits accept for pH and live sperm percentage traits which had no significnt effect. Interation between strain and environmental temperature showed asignificant effect (p<0.05) on Indvidual sperm motility, abnormal sperm percentage and sperm concentation in cu. ml. traits. correlation Coefficients between pairs of traits were negative and significant (p<0.01, p<0.05) in most traits, accept those of percent abnormal sperms and pH traits which showed a negative, significant and not significant correlation coefficient, with most traits in study.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INVERTING, EVERTING ANG INVAGINATION END-TO-END INTESTINAL ANASTOMOSIS IN EQUINE.
Authors: A.H.M Salih , H. Shnain , B.I. Al-Mufti,
Published: December 2023

Three end-to-end intestinal anastomosis techniques have been compared in twenty horses, divided into three groups. Group one includes (8) horses for inverting, group two includes (8) horses for everting while third group includes (4) horses for invagination technique. 

Operations performed under general anaesthesia. Laparotomy done through the laft flank region. The jejunium was used to compare the three anastomotic techniques after enterectomy. 

A horse from inverted group is died due to paralytic ileus. Two horses from the everted group are also died due to ileus and leakage, while the four horses of the invaginated technique are died due to the slipping of the invaginated ends. 

The remaining horses of the inverting and everting groups were survived without any complications during the expriment . post-mortum have been studied at (15) and (30) days after the operations. The inverting techniques was free from adhesion and in some cases it was difficult to recognize the site of anastomosis, while the everting technique was associated with sever adhesion ranged from 25%-100% of their circumferences.
Aplicabilidad de la Ley Nº 6495/2020 en el fuero civil y comercial
Authors: Torres Sandoval Diego Alejandro
Published: December 2023

El Código Procesal Civil regula las audiencias de pruebas en el fuero civil de manera presencial; como una innovación tecnológica, la Ley Nº 6495/2020, que implementa el sistema de medios telemáticos en el Poder Judicial, permite realizar estas audiencias de forma virtual en ciertos casos excepcionales. Esto, hace que surja la pregunta de investigación: ¿La LeyNº 6495/2020 puede aplicarse válidamente para las audiencias de pruebas en el fuero civil? Para responder a dicha interrogante, se seguirá una metodología con un enfoque cualitativo no experimental, en la que se conjuga el trabajo de laboratorio con el decampo. Como resultado se confirma que dicha normativa es aplicable para las audiencias de pruebas en el fuero civil, pero su uso debe analizarse caso por caso para determinar si colisiona o no con la esencia normativa prevista en el Código Procesal Civil.Las ventajas halladas son: la agilización del proceso judicial; un mayor acceso a la justicia para las personas que viven en zonas remotas. Por su parte, como desventaja se cita la falta de infraestructura adecuada. Se concluye que la Ley Nº 6495/2020 es una herramienta útil para agilizar el proceso judicial y facilitar el acceso a la justicia, pero su uso debe ser ponderado cuidadosamente para evitar cualquier tipo de fraude derivado del comportamiento de los litigantes.
El abordaje de la reinserción social en el sistema penitenciario paraguayo: un análisis con categorías analíticas del marco conceptual de “Políticas públicas"
Authors: Rebollo Gómez Joel Bernabé , Britez Christian de la Cruz
Published: December 2023

Las políticas públicas de reinserción social permiten a los sentenciados, luego de cumplir su condena, prevenir la reincidencia y llevarlos a una vida sin delinquir. Este trabajo se abocó al estudio de las políticas públicas y sus categorías de concreción:plan, programa y proyecto. Con estas herramientas, el Estado puede cumplir con su fin: la readaptación social. Ambos marcos teóricos llevaron a un trabajo cualitativo, mediante técnicas de análisis documental y entrevistas semiestructuradas, de cuyo resultado se pudo concluir la falta de un plan nacional integral de reinserción social en el sistema nacional penitenciario.
Disponibilidad de información pública en universidades nacionales de Paraguay
Authors: Chamorro María Felicia , Duarte Caballero Alicia
Published: December 2023

Las universidades públicas tienen la obligación de poner a disposición de la ciudadanía información actualizada, accesible y comprensible. Este artículo tiene por objetivo verificar el cumplimiento de los requisitos de información mínima establecidos en los puntos “p” y “q” del artículo 8 de la Ley 5282, en los sitios web delas ocho universidades públicas de Paraguay. La metodología es exploratoria y descriptiva, utilizando la lista de cotejo como instrumento. Se observa que, si bien las páginas web de lasuniversidades públicas visualizan en su barra principal la pestaña transparencia, en referencia al artículo 8 inciso “p” y “q” sobre la descripción de los procedimientos previstos, así como los mecanismos de participación ciudadana, solo una de las 8 universidades da cumplimiento a este requisito. Las universidades públicas deben trabajar en la completa y adecuada disponibilidad de la información pública a fin de garantizar a la ciudadanía el derecho a la información.
Bioprospecting of sea cucumber (Holothuria sp.) as industries and functional foods for human health
Authors: Sugesti Yogi Pamungkas  , Florensius Eko Dwi Haryono
Published: December 2023

Sea cucumber inhabit scattered throughout the world's in tropical, subtropical and cool waters and known high protein of marine species and bioactive compounds as well as essential and non-essential amino acids that very important for the human health. Even sea cucumbers as a potential food source have become raw materials for the health pharmaceutical industries and as a source of food that is expensive. The bioactive compounds of sea cucumbers as amino acid namely steroids, saponins, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine, glycine, histidine, arginine, threonine, alanine, proline, thyrosine, valine, methioni, systein, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, lysine, linoleic-, oleic, omega-3, O-6, O-9, EPA and DHA. These complex bioactive compounds is beneficial for heart and blood vessel health, anticoagulant, plays an active role in curing osteoarthritis, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antitumor, antihypertensive, anticancer, antifungal, as well as cytotoxic activity. Some research to investigate the benefits of sea cucumber bioactive compounds has created business opportunities that are processed from raw materials of fresh, frozen and dried sea cucumbers. The market products are snack packaging such as sea cucumber crackers, sea cucumber tea, sea cucumber sardines, ready-to-eat frozen sea cucumber. Sea cucumber derivative products for health have produced as supplement, capsules and skincare products in a variety of serum products, creams, body lotions, shampoos and soaps. Bioprospection of sea cucumbers which are very rich in nutrients that are important for human health as a supplement to maintain health, sufferers and the healing stage, also really supports the growth stages of children and overcomes aging.
Tourism development and community business development through homestay in Panglipuran Village Bali
Authors: I Dewa Gede Ari Pemayun  , I Nyoman Meirejeki  , Ni Made Rai Sukmawati  , A. A. Ayu Ngr Harmini  , I Nyoman Kanca
Published: December 2023

Homestay for the community is used as an additional livelihood after agriculture, therefore it needs in-depth research to find out more about the condition of homestay in Panglipuran Tourism Village. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the homestay business in Panglipuran Tourism Village seen from 3 (three main components of this business program, namely institutions, actors and products. The research method used in this research is a qualitative method with data collection methods in the form of in-depth interviews. The results of this study describe the homestay business program seen from local institutions as indicated by the existence of local organizations that regulate tourism activities, namely Pokdarwis Lingko` Cave. This organization oversees homestay business actors who are self-help communities in Panglipuran Tourism Village. This institution and homestay business actors produce products offered as attractions that are the reason for tourists to come in the form of homestays and activities that become tourist attractions. The results of this analysis are the basis for preparing recommendations for homestay businesses seen from these three components.
Lithostratigraphic characterization of the Turonian in the San-Pedro Margin (Côte D’ivoire)
Authors: Raymond MOUAH  , Jean paul N’goran YAO  , Eric N’guessan YAO  , Alexandre AKOMIAN  , Ednard Yvonne Ama EBY  , Stephanie BOMISSO  , Maxime Assa ABBEY  , Michel Crépin MOBIO  , Ange Didier KOUTOUAN  , Bruno Zéli DIGBEHI
Published: December 2023

The lithostratigraphic characterization consisted to highlighting, the lithologic, the thickness, mineralogical and petrographic nature of the different formations encountered during drilling in the Turonian stage of the wells in the study area. The data used consist of geological reports of five boreholes and LAS (Log Ascii Standard). This characterization reveals that the Turonian range consists of three major formations, namely claystones, of siltstones and sandstones interbedded with calcareous, dolomitic and silty formations. The clays are gray to black, tender to firm, subfissile and moderately hard to hard. Sandstones are very fine to very coarse, subangular to subarronded, well to poorly sorted, with silty, calcareous and often dolomitic matrix. Note the presence of pyrite, glauconite and carbonaceous debris. A lithostratigraphic correlation shows an increase in thickness of the sediments from east to west and from north to south. In the northeast clayey and silty sediments are dominant interbedded with rare limestone and scarce sandstone , while further west and south we notice a strong presence of sandstone, loose sand interbedded with claystone, siltstone and limestone. These characteristics are typical of deep and turbiditic environments.
Measurement of Immune response to rDNA hepatitis B vaccine in medical laboratory students, Wad Medani, Sudan
Authors: Elhadi Abdalla Ahmed  , Ahmed Ibrahim Mohamed Aboedries  , Abdelaziz Basheir Adam  , Mohamed Ahmed Abdelrazig  , Ahmed Alsiddiq Ebraheem  , Abdelrahman Eldaw Mohammed  , Albadawi Abdelbagi Talha
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The level of immune response to hepatitis B virus vaccine is an indicator of whether the expected protection has been achieved in the target population. Objective: the study aimed to determine the immune response to recombinant hepatitis B virus rDNA among students in two medical laboratory colleges in Wad Madani city in Sudan. Methods: A cross-sectional laboratory based study conducted during 2019. The assigned subject was 72 medical laboratory students who completed all three doses of HBV rDNA vaccine. Immune response indicated by quantitatively measuring of HbsAbs (anti-HBs) using a sandwich ELISA approach. Data was collected after verbal meeting with each participants, and descriptively analyzed accomplished by SPSS computer program. Results: Enrolled participants were 50 % (36 /72) from Gezira University while the other 50 % were from Wad Medani College for Medical Science and Technology. Males represented 22% (16/72) while 78% (56/72) were females. Titers of anti-HBs ranged from 0.000 to 9478 mIU/ml, only 6 students (three males and three females) were non-responders. The overall index of significant titer detected in 78% (56/72) of participant whereas 22% (16/72) showed insignificant titer. Strong immune response with titer above 100 mIU/ml recorded in 46% (33/72). Conclusion: The level of immune response to the HBV rDNA vaccine among studied students was below the internationally recognized index.
Potential of pomegranate mouthwash in inhibiting periodontopathogens bacteria development as alternative to halitosis therapy: A review
Authors: Anis Irmawati  , Mohammad Iqbal  , Wilson Sukandar  , Sherina Fatwa Imanu  , Michelle Angelina  , Beffano Roziq Herdymunas Firyasasty  , Ala’a Saif Alqhtani
Published: December 2023

Background: Halitosis is unpleasant odors originating from the oral cavity caused by metabolic waste of periodontopathogens bacteria in the form of volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs). According to Riskesdas 2018, the oral health prevalence in Indonesia reached 57.6%. Doctors recommend using a mouthwash made from chlorhexidine. However, it is less effective because it can cause various side effects. The alternative treatments using herbal ingredients using pomegranate. This literature review aim is to analyze the potential and mechanism of pomegranate mouthwash as an alternative to halitosis therapy against periodontopathogens bacteria. Material and Methods: The literature review was carried out in PUBMED, ResearchGate, and ScienceDirect using with the keywords: pomegranate, mouthwash, anti-bacteria, and halitosis. Conclusions: Pomegranate mouthwash has the potential to be an alternative halitosis therapy by inhibiting plaque formation and the growth of periodontopathogens bacteria.
Effect of inclusion of velvet bean on the proximate composition and functional properties of the wheat-plantain flour blends
Authors: T. K Adebayo  , A. S Daramola  , I. A. Abdulraheem  , K. A. Jimoh
Published: December 2023

Wheat flour is a flour of choice in confectionary industries due to the component gluten. Wheat flour is a powder made from the grinding of wheat used for human consumption. Plantain is a popular dietary staple crop in Nigeria due to its versatility and good nutritional value. It is starchy, the less sweet variety can be used either ripe or unripe, they are very good sources of carbohydrate for more than 50 million people. Velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens), belongs to the Fabaceae family, it is part of various legumes which is not commonly used by people as a result of anti-nutrients. Velvet bean is commonly grown in the tropical and subtropical part of the world. This study therefore investigated effect of inclusion of velvet bean on the proximate composition and functional properties of wheat-plantain flour blends. The procured velvet bean and plantain were thoroughly washed, peeled, dried and converted into flours. Wheat, plantain and Velvet flours composite were prepared in the ratio 240:37.5:22.5, 210:60:30 and 150:105:45 respectively and 100% wheat flour was used as the control. The samples were evaluated for their proximate and functional properties. proximate revealed that moisture ranged from 9.06-11.62%, crude protein 11.93-13.33%, crude fat 0.97-1.53%, crude fibre 0.24-0.51%, ash 0.901.31% and carbohydrates 73.60-74.80%. Functional properties revealed that loose bulk density ranged from 0.40-0.43, pack bulk density 0.60-0.63, water absorption capacity 66.18-87.56, swelling power 463.37-530.77, solubility index 6.05-8.24, dispersibility 69.75-74.25 and LGC 12.4015.50. Addition of plantain and velvet beans flours significantly (p < .05) improved the crude protein, crude fibre and carbohydrate in respect to the composites. Water absorption capacity (WAC) and swelling power of the composites were significantly (p < .05) improved thus making them viable in baking applications, as thickeners and binders in food products and non-food uses in adhesives and pastes/glues.