bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Awareness And Prevalence of Needle Stick Injury Among Nurses in the District Hospitals of La Union
Authors: Zamudio Led Karen
Published: April 2024

Needle stick injuries (NSI) were recognized as one of the world's most common health risks. In the pursuit of their daily tasks in the health care setting, nurses were at high risk of occupational accidents and injury. The study was conducted to assess the needle stick injury among nurses in district hospitals in La Union. Specifically, it sought to evaluate the awareness of nurses regarding needle stick injury; to describe the prevalence of needle stick injury among nurses in La Union District Hospitals; and to review existing district hospital protocols on the management of needle stick injury. Frequency counts and percentage were used to analyze the data. Nurses were aware on needle stick injury. There was a high prevalence of needle stick injury due to recapping for the past five years. District hospitals had protocols guided by the World Health Organization and Department of Health on Needle Stick Injury.
Profiling of the Beekeeping Industry: Status of Beekeeping in Region 1 and Cordillera Administrative Region
Authors: Pajarillo Rolyne Mae , Masiong Pablo , De Castro David , Soliba Mishima , Panas Joseph , Acosta Mac Donald
Published: April 2024

Beekeeping is a viable agribusiness enterprise of small scale farmers, and other rural and non-rural people. Despite the many returns bees give including the increasing industry stakeholders and trained beekeepers, local honey production remains very low; hence, this study was conducted to determine the profile and status of bee enterprises in Region 1 and CAR. Demographic profile, level of motivation along the STEEP factors, and enterprise profile, were gathered employing semi-structured questionnaire. Interviews and secondary data were also employed. Results revealed that majority (78.95%) belong to the working age population (21-60 years old). There were more male (75.44%) and married (78.95%) beekeepers but women participation (24.56%) was also observed. Beekeepers had a relatively high literacy rate and 98.1% completed bee trainings. More than half (68.42%) were officers/members of community organizations but they were just part-time beekeepers because they had other/main source of family income. Environmental influences e.g., vegetation, were “very highly motivating factors in engaging to. Apiary sites conformed to standards of location appropriateness and resources availability, and all beekeepers practiced migration for higher honey production. They had total colony holdings of 1,097.5 standard (10-framer), with an average of 27.44 colonies each. This classified them as commercial beekeepers based on the Philippine National Standards. Lowland and upland honey flows fall in April to May and October to December. An analogous process flow of honey harvesting, processing and storing was confirmed. Start-up investment is ₽22,010.00. Average yearly operational expense per standard colony incurred by lowland beekeepers from 2000 to 2019, was ₽19,367.84 which is a little higher than the upland costs due to land and truck rental, and labor fees during migration and production periods. CAR beekeepers had a higher ROI of 20.02% than those in Region 1 with 4.39%. Natural environmental harms i.e., bee-eater predator birds, typhoons, were on top of the reasons why beekeepers discontinued their apiculture projects.
Menelisik Harta Perpantangan: Menggali Nilai Keadilan Distributif Dalam Adat Banjar
Authors: Zainul Erfan  , Ahmadi Hasan  , Masyithah Umar
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In Banjar society, inheritance is governed by three legal systems: Islamic law, customary law, and state law. These systems have been influenced by Islamic principles, but their dynamics and relationship have changed over time. In the premodern era, there was accommodation, followed by confrontation during the colonial period, legal unification in the independence era, and advancement of Islamic law in the post-modern era. This research aims to examine how the legal system operates in society, focusing on restorative justice and the principles of justice in property challenges. Specifically, the study explores the value of distributive justice in Banjar custom. Despite the theoretical expectation that the practice of inheritance division should align with the advancement of Islamic law, the reality is that Banjar society still prefers the division based on adat (customary law) and Islam, rather than solely Islamic law.
Keywords: Harta, Perpantangan, justice, distributive, Banjar
 
Abstrak:
Dalam masyarakat Banjar, warisan diatur oleh tiga sistem hukum: Hukum Islam, hukum adat, dan hukum negara. Sistem-sistem ini telah dipengaruhi oleh prinsip-prinsip Islam, tetapi dinamika dan hubungan mereka telah berubah dari waktu ke waktu. Pada era pramodern, terjadi akomodasi, diikuti dengan konfrontasi selama masa kolonial, penyatuan hukum pada era kemerdekaan, dan kemajuan hukum Islam pada era pasca-modern. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana sistem hukum beroperasi di masyarakat, dengan fokus pada keadilan restoratif dan prinsip-prinsip keadilan dalam sengketa properti. Secara khusus, penelitian ini mengeksplorasi nilai keadilan distributif dalam adat Banjar. Terlepas dari harapan teoritis bahwa praktik pembagian warisan seharusnya sejalan dengan kemajuan hukum Islam, kenyataannya masyarakat Banjar masih lebih memilih pembagian berdasarkan adat (hukum adat) dan Islam, daripada semata-mata hukum Islam.
Kata Kunci: Harta, Perpantangan, keadilan, distributive, Banjar
Keadilan Dalam Pembagian Waris: Memahami Konsep Musytarakah Dalam Hukum Waris Islam
Authors: Muhammad Jaidi  , Ahmadi Hasan  , Masyithah Umar
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper examines the concept of musytarakah in Islamic inheritance law and its role in ensuring justice in the distribution of inheritance. Musytarakah allows heirs to collaborate and reach an agreement on the division of inheritance, taking into account principles of justice and equity among them. The flexibility of musytarakah allows heirs to consider various factors, such as the needs and contributions of each individual, in determining a fair division. However, it is important to respect the sharia principles laid out in the Quran and hadith to ensure the division of inheritance aligns with Islamic values. Justice, in the context of musytarakah, requires a deep understanding of Islamic teachings, cooperation among the heirs, and an agreement that prioritizes fairness and equality. The ultimate goal is to achieve a fair division of inheritance that is in accordance with the principles of justice in Islam, going beyond rigid adherence to predetermined provisions.
Keywords: justice, inheritance, musytarakah, law, Islam
 
Abstrak:
Tulisan ini mengkaji konsep musytarakah dalam hukum waris Islam dan perannya dalam menjamin keadilan dalam pembagian warisan. Musytarakah memungkinkan para ahli waris untuk berkolaborasi dan mencapai kesepakatan dalam pembagian warisan, dengan mempertimbangkan prinsip-prinsip keadilan dan kesetaraan di antara mereka. Fleksibilitas musytarakah memungkinkan para ahli waris untuk mempertimbangkan berbagai faktor, seperti kebutuhan dan kontribusi masing-masing individu, dalam menentukan pembagian yang adil. Namun, penting untuk menghormati prinsip-prinsip syariah yang ditetapkan dalam Al-Quran dan hadits untuk memastikan pembagian warisan sesuai dengan nilai-nilai Islam. Keadilan, dalam konteks musytarakah, membutuhkan pemahaman yang mendalam tentang ajaran Islam, kerja sama di antara para ahli waris, dan kesepakatan yang mengedepankan keadilan dan kesetaraan. Tujuan akhirnya adalah tercapainya pembagian warisan yang adil dan sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip keadilan dalam Islam, tidak hanya sekedar mengikuti ketentuan yang telah ditetapkan.
Kata Kunci: keadilan, waris, musytarakah, hukum, islam
Relevansi Al-Quran dalam Filsafat (Analisis Perilaku Masyarakat Tentang Hukum Kafaah)
Authors: Mida Mar`atus Sholihah  , Ahmadi Hasan  , Masyithah Umar
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This research examines the meaning of kafaah in analysing people's understanding and behaviour related to kafaah. Much of previous studies related to religious kafaah is diverse, ranging from the meaning of kafaah as similarity in organisations, having the same memorising, even the same religious school or boarding school. The purpose of my research is to see what forms of behaviour from the community's understanding of kafaah, and to find out how the meaning of kafaah in the relevance between the relevance between al-Qur'an and philosophy. This research is a normative study with descriptive analysis. The method used in this paper is a literature study with research gap data collection techniques. The results of this study show that the meaning of kafaah religiously in society can mean similarities in education other than religious affairs, a religious environment, morals towards family and society, similarity of mass organisations, and special expertise in religion. In this case, the relevance of the Qur'an and philosophy related to the difference in the meaning of kafaah in society can be used as a diversity of kafaah treasures. So that there is no exclusion due to standards that are considered too high by the community.
Keywords: Relevance, Behavior, Kafaah.
 
Abstrak:
Penelitian ini mengkaji makna kafaah dalam analisis pemahaman dan perilaku masyarakat terkait kafaah. Banyaknya kajian terdahulu terkait kafaah agama yang beragam, mulai dari makna kafaah sebagai kesamaan dalam berorganisasi keagamaan, memiliki hafalan yang sama, bahkan kesamaan sekolah agama atau pondokan. Tujuan penelitian ini melihat apa saja bentuk perilaku dari pemahaman masyarakat terkait kafaah, serta untuk mengetahui bagaimana makna kafaah dalam relevansi antara al-Qur`an dan filsafat. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian normatif dengan analisis deskriptif. Metode yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini yakni studi kepustakaan dengan tehnik pengumpulan data research gap. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa makna kafaah secara agama di masyarakat dapat berarti persamaan pendidikan selain urusan keagamaan, lingkungan yang agamis, akhlak terhadap keluarga dan masyarkat, kesamaan ormas, hingga keahlian khusus dalam beragama. Dalam hal ini relevansi al-Quran dan filsafat terkait perbedaan makna kafaah di masyarakat dapat dijadikan sebagai keberagaman khazanah kafaah. Sehingga tidak ada pengucilan akibat standar yang dinilai terlalu tinggi oleh masyarakat.
Kata Kunci: Relevansi, Perilaku, Kafaah.
Analisis Sistem Transaksi Masyarakat Banjar Dalam Jual-Beli Baju Wanita Di Pasar Ram****ana Banjarmasin: Perspektif Ekonomi Islam
Authors: Ghina Sanniya Jasmine , Anwar Hafidzi  , M. Hanafiah
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This journal presents the results of an analysis of the Banjar community's transaction system in buying and selling women's clothes at R****yana Market in Banjarmasin, with a focus on an Islamic economic perspective. In this study, the sales trend of the store was analyzed, taking into account aspects such as sales promotion, promotion policy, obstacles in sales, and the role of social media as a promotional tool. Interviews with shop owners provided insight into the state of the industry. The interviews showed that the weekly turnover of goods and fashion trends is one aspect that affects sales. In addition, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic appears to be significant, with the consumer shift to online shopping continuing despite the end of the pandemic. Fierce competition, especially in terms of sourcing goods from T*nah Ab*ng, Jakarta, is a major obstacle. Vendors compete by significantly lowering prices, which results in very little profit per garment. Innovations such as attempting to sell online through platforms like Instagram are strategies that merchants are trying, although businesses still face difficulties in implementing them.
Keywords: Transaction System, Sales dynamics, Women's clothing store
Abstrak
Jurnal ini menyajikan hasil analisis terhadap sistem transaksi masyarakat Banjar dalam jual-beli baju wanita di Pasar R****yana Banjarmasin, dengan fokus pada perspektif ekonomi Islam. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan analisis terhadap tren penjualan toko tersebut, dengan mempertimbangkan aspek-aspek seperti promosi penjualan, kebijakan promosi, kendala dalam penjualan, dan peran media sosial sebagai alat promosi. Wawancara dengan pemilik toko memberikan wawasan mendalam terhadap kondisi industri ini. Hasil wawancara menunjukkan bahwa pergantian barang dan tren mode perminggu menjadi salah satu aspek yang mempengaruhi penjualan. Selain itu, dampak pandemi COVID-19 tampak signifikan, dengan pergeseran konsumen ke belanja online yang berlanjut meskipun pandemi berakhir. Kondisi persaingan yang ketat, terutama dalam hal pengadaan barang dari T*nah Ab*ng, Jakarta, menjadi kendala utama. Para penjual bersaing dengan menurunkan harga secara signifikan, yang mengakibatkan keuntungan per pakaian sangat minim. Inovasi seperti percobaan berjualan online melalui platform seperti Instagram menjadi strategi yang dicoba oleh pedagang, meskipun pelaku usaha masih menghadapi kesulitan dalam mengimplementasikannya.
Kata Kunci: Sistem Transaksi, Dinamika penjualan, Toko pakaian wanita
Praktik Pengelolaan Dan Sistem Penjualan Oli Bekas Di Salah Satu Bengkel Kendaraan Di Batola Handil Bakti, Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Bangun Wardana Ade , Anwar Hafidzi  , M. Hanafiah
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The study aims to analyze the collection, processing, and resale of used oil. The researchers conducted interviews with one of the workshop owners in Handil Bakti Batola to gather information about how they collect used oil from customers. The results showed that the used oil is collected from the oil drain plug in the car, but most of it is left behind because customers do not want to get dirty, and the amount of used oil is too small for them to sell. The used oil is then sold to collectors when the drum is full. The researchers found that the used oil is usually given to the customers who request it, or it is stored in a drum for collection. The collectors then refine and neutralize the used oil to make it clear and usable for various purposes such as fuel, asphalt, and as a substitute for wood combustion oil. The study concludes that the collection and processing of used oil in the workshop need to be improved to reduce environmental pollution and increase the economic value of used oil. The study recommends that workshops should educate customers about the importance of used oil collection and provide incentives for customers who bring in their used oil. The study also suggests that workshops should work with collectors to improve the collection and processing of used oil.
Keywords: Used Oil Management, Vehicle Repair Shop
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengumpulan, pengolahan, dan penjualan kembali oli bekas. Peneliti melakukan wawancara dengan salah satu pemilik bengkel di Handil Bakti Batola untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang bagaimana mereka mengumpulkan oli bekas dari pelanggan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa oli bekas dikumpulkan dari sumbat pembuangan oli di mobil, tetapi sebagian besar dibiarkan karena pelanggan tidak ingin kotor, dan jumlah oli bekas terlalu sedikit untuk dijual. Oli bekas kemudian dijual ke pengepul ketika drum sudah terisi penuh. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa oli bekas biasanya akan diberikan kepada pelanggan yang memintanya, atau disimpan dalam drum untuk dikumpulkan. Pengepul lalu memurnikan dan menetralisir oli bekas tersebut agar jernih dan dapat digunakan untuk berbagai keperluan seperti bahan bakar, aspal, dan sebagai pengganti minyak bakar kayu. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa pengumpulan dan pengolahan oli bekas di bengkel perlu ditingkatkan untuk mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan dan meningkatkan nilai ekonomi oli bekas. Studi ini merekomendasikan agar bengkel-bengkel mengedukasi pelanggan mengenai pentingnya pengumpulan oli bekas dan memberikan insentif bagi pelanggan yang membawa oli bekas mereka. Studi ini juga menyarankan agar bengkel-bengkel bekerja sama dengan para pengepul untuk meningkatkan pengumpulan dan pengolahan oli bekas.
 
Kata Kunci: Pengelolaan Oli Bekas, Bengkel Kendaraan
Kepatuhan Terhadap Hukum (Sebuah Perspektif Filsafat Hukum)
Authors: Ahmad Syahir  , Ahmadi Hasan  , Masyithah Umar
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
This research delves into compliance with the law from the standpoint of the philosophy of law. Law, as a coercive entity, is adhered to by society under the threat of sanctions for violations. Compliance is influenced by individual awareness of the law and knowledge of its relevance in daily life. Social norms, perceptions of the benefits of the law, and examples set by law enforcement also impact societal compliance. The significance of adherence to the law as the foundation of a legal state is emphasized, where fair and authoritative law enforcement plays a role in fostering order, justice, and a sense of security within society.
Keywords: Compliance, law, philosophy
 
Abstrak:
Penelitian ini membahas kepatuhan terhadap hukum dari sudut pandang filosofi hukum. Hukum, sebagai entitas yang memaksa, ditaati oleh masyarakat dengan ancaman sanksi jika dilanggar. Kepatuhan ini dipengaruhi oleh kesadaran individu terhadap hukum serta pengetahuan tentang relevansinya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Norma sosial, persepsi terhadap manfaat hukum, dan contoh yang ditunjukkan oleh penegak hukum turut memengaruhi kepatuhan masyarakat. Pentingnya kepatuhan pada hukum sebagai fondasi negara hukum ditegaskan, di mana hukum yang adil dan memiliki kewibawaan dalam penegakan supremasi hukum berperan dalam menciptakan ketertiban, keadilan, dan rasa aman di tengah masyarakat.
Kata Kunci: Kepatuhan, hukum, filsafat
Pencemaran Nama Baik dan Pelecehan Seksual Yang Dilakukan Oleh Oknum Kepada Seseorang Melalui Media Sosial Instagram
Authors: Dendy Suma Pratama  , Sella Dapurahayu  , Sri Adisty Jauharah  , Lilik Prihatini S.H., M.H.
Published: April 2024

The crime of social harassment through social media is an act related to immoral acts through information media and electronic transactions which can cause physical and psychological trauma. Legally, sexual harassment and defamation are regulated in the ITE Law, Pornography Law and Criminal Code. Sexual acts often include violations of personal data protection which are regulated in the ITE Law.
Keywords: defamation, sexual harassment, gender
 
Abstrak
Tindak pidana kejahatan pelecehan sosial melalui media sosial merupakan suatu perbuatan yang berhubungan dengan tindakan asusila melalui sarana media informasi dan transaksi elektronik yang dapat menimbulkan trauma fisik dan psikis. Secara hukum, mengenai pelecehan seksual dan pencemaran nama baik telah diatur dalam UU ITE, UU Pornografi dan KUHP. Tindakan seksual sering kali disertakan pelanggaran atas perindungan data pribadi yang dimana telah di atur dalam UU ITE.
Kata kunci: pencemaran nama baik, pelecehan seksual, jenis kelamin
Akurasi Arah Kiblat Masjid-Masjid di Kabupaten Banjar
Authors: Rahman Helmi, S.Ag., MSI  , H. Badrian, M.Ag.
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Currently, the Qibla direction of mosques in Banjar Regency is still found to be inaccurate so that the prayer safes must be deviated from the direction of the building. However, a representative study to determine the accuracy of the Qibla direction of these mosques has not been conducted. To get a more comprehensive picture of the accuracy of Qibla direction and to find out the factors that cause the deviation of Qibla direction of mosques in Banjar Regency, it is necessary to conduct research. The measurement of Qibla direction was carried out by calculating the phalactic science using the Viincenty method. The finding of this research is that the accuracy of Qibla direction of mosques in Banjar Regency shows varying levels of accuracy. For the 40 mosques that have been studied, 5 mosques (13%) are highly accurate, 7 mosques (18%) are accurate and 28 mosques (70%) are inaccurate. The factors causing the variation in the accuracy of Qibla direction are the use of a non-standard compass, the use of a compass that has not followed the correct procedure, and the determination of Qibla direction based on the istiwa stick.
Keywords: Qibla direction, accuracy, deviation, theodolite
Keywords: Islamic Religious Education and Information Technology
 
Abstrak
Saat ini masih ditemukan arah kiblat masjid-masjid di Kabupaten Banjar yang kurang akurat sehingga saf salat harus diserongkan dari arah bangunan. Walaupun demikian, penelitian yang refresentatif untuk mengetahui akurasi arah kiblat masjid-masjid tersebut belum dilakukan. Untuk mendapatkan gambaran yang lebih komprehensif mengenai akurasi arah kiblat dan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor penyebab deviasi arah kiblat masjid-masjid di Kabupaten Banjar dipandang perlu untuk dilakukan penelitian. Pengukuran arah kiblat dilakukan dengan penghitungan ilmu falak menggunakan metode Viincenty. Temuan penelitian ini adalah akurasi arah kiblat masjid-masjid di Kabupaten Banjar menunjukkan tingkat akurasi yang bervariasi. Untuk 40 masjid yang sudah diteliti, 5 masjid (13%) kategori sangat akurat, 7 masjid (18%) kategori akurat dan 28 masjid (70%) masih kurang akurat. Faktor-faktor penyebab bervariasinya keakuratan arah kiblat adalah penggunaan kompas yang tidak standar, penggunaan kompas yang belum mengikuti prosedur yang benar, dan penentuan arah kiblat berdasarkan tongkat istiwa.
Kata Kunci: arah kiblat, akurasi, deviasi, theodolit
Su Shi’s Artistic Legacy as a Man of Letters: Insights into Song Dynasty Paintings
Authors: CAO Xi
Published: April 2024

As a man of letters, Su Shi’s poetic art spirit energized the Song paintings. As for painting, Su Shi advocated the idea of “unconscious of the boundary between oneself and the external world”, “unity of poetry and painting”, and “perfection of form and spirit” in creation and aesthetics. That is to say, he pursued not only the Naturalness but also humanistic and poetic connotations. His art spirit contributed to the formation of the concept of “literati painting”. Through exchanges with other artists, Su Shi’s poetic spirit spread both inside and outside the imperial court, shaping the overall style of the Song paintings by osmosis.
Directions of change in the spatial policies of Polish border municipalities during the first year of war in Ukraine, 2022
Authors: Śleszyński Przemysław , Nowak Maciej
Published: April 2024

Local-level spatial policies in Poland are determined by diverse social, economic, political and environmental factors. On the one hand, they result from the specific characteristics of individual areas. On the other, however, supra-local factors are found to be playing an increasingly important role. These can include trends related to the Europeanisation of spatial planning and the associated promoted institutional changes and changes in planning practices. However, from February 2022 onwards, certain European countries in particular have seen another important factor has come into play, i.e. the war in Ukraine. It thus seems legitimate to verify how the fundamental change in the geopolitical situation, i.e. the location in the immediate vicinity of a victim state (Ukraine), an aggressor state (Russia) and an aggressor-friendly state (Belarus), along with a number of related consequences (including a change in the nature of border capacity, a sense of insecurity, potential changes in investment policy, etc.) determine the directions local spatial policies have been taking. The main purpose of the article is to diagnose the current planning situation of units of local-government administration along Poland’s eastern border by reference to two groups of issues: (1) concerning the state of progress of planning work, as well as (2) the impact of the outbreak of war in Ukraine on changes in spatial policy (perforce ancillary, given the small number of responses received). The source of the data were annual surveys of the Ministry of Development and Technology and Statistics Poland regarding the advancement of planning work at the level of the Polish gmina, as well and a survey addressed to all 77 such units of local administration located by the border. Particular reference was made to the application of spatial-planning instruments at the local level (studies of spatial planning conditions and directions, local spatial development plans and decisions on development conditions – with the analyses concerning the period before the major July 2023 amendment of spatial planning law). Particular attention was paid to the frequency of enactment of individual acts, with this being related to both earlier periods and trends in Poland as a whole. The research finds that the relatively high level of activity shown by some of the surveyed gminas in amending/updating spatial planning studies and spatial / physical development plans may not be related to the outbreak of war in Ukraine. The Polish spatial-planning system in fact lacks instruments by which to react flexibly and ensure the integration of development policies (as is particularly necessary when a crisis erupts).
Characterizing mudstones and fault structure in Bumita Quarry, Perlis through integrated geophysical techniques
Authors:   School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, USM, Penang, Malaysia, Mohd Muztaza Nordiana , Hisham Hazrul ,   School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, USM, Penang, Malaysia, Teoh Ying Jia ,   School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, USM, Penang, Malaysia, Zakaria Muhammad Taqiuddin ,   Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science & Technology, 43600 Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, Ismail Nur Azwin ,   School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, USM, Penang, Malaysia, Md Dan Mohd Firdaus ,   Sustainable Geostructure & Underground Exploration, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia, Adewumi Taiwo ,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Federal University of Lafia, 950101, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Published: April 2024

The parameters of seismic refraction and electrical resistivity play a crucial role in geological studies, as they provide insights into the composition of rocks or soil beneath the Earth’s surface. Previous researchers have established reference ranges for seismic velocity and resistivity values based on different rock types, which are presented in tabulated forms. However, the wide variability in these values sometimes leads to challenges in interpretation due to overlapping ranges. In the region of Perlis, Malaysia, a comprehensive geophysical investigation involving seismic refraction and electrical resistivity methods was conducted within the Chepor Member of the Kubang Pasu Formation at the Bumita Quarry and Utan Aji. The results were then correlated with porosity and permeability data. The Chepor Member primarily comprises both red mudstone and grey mudstone. Interestingly, the seismic velocities of these two mudstone types are quite similar, differing only by a small margin of approximately 200 m/s. The resistivity method employed utilized a pole-dipole array configuration. In terms of resistivity values, the red mudstone exhibited lower readings (ranging from 15 to 100 Ωm) compared to the grey mudstone (ranging from 120 to 500 Ωm). Assessing porosity, the red mudstone displayed a value of 0.95%, alongside a permeability of 5.58×10-5 μd, while the grey mudstone indicated a slightly higher porosity value of 1.9% and a permeability of 2.06×10-5 μd. Consequently, the study successfully established seismic velocity and resistivity benchmarks for the mudstones within the Chepor Member geological unit.
Drivers of change in natural resources of the world and our country
Authors: Mataruga Milan
Published: April 2024

The paper gives an overview of numerous pressures (drivers) of changes in natural resources in a broader context (World and Europe), and with special reference to the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina, ie the Republika of Srpska. Direct and indirect drivers on nature are analyzed individually or in interaction. The following are analyzed: 1) Pressures of excessive use of natural resources through hunting, fishing, use of water, minerals and fossil fuels; 2. Pressures due to changes in land use through the use of agricultural and forest land, protected areas, traditional knowledge and urbanization of space; 3. Pressures under the influence of pollutants through pollution with nutrients, organic pollutants, acidification and many other pollutants; 4. Pressures of climate change through gradual, secondary and extreme events and 5. Pressures of invasive species. There are results that indicate a significant value of natural resources that is not sufficiently recognized in our country and in every segment. In particular, public awareness of their importance and the need for a socially responsible attitude of each individual in their preservation and sustainable use is insufficient. The analysis of scientific research published so far can reveal numerous international results that document the huge negative impact of numerous factors on the state of natural resources, as well as the few results that prove (document) this in our country. Hence the need for more research and results that prove the positive or negative effect of certain factors (direct or indirect) on the state of natural resources in our country.
Strategic and Planning Documents as Response to Adaptation to Climate Change
Authors: Filipović Dejan , Duškov Ljubica
Published: April 2024

Although the impact of climate change cannot be certainty predicted, research shows that extreme weather events, such as droughts or heavy rainfall and floods, have become significantly more frequent in recent decades. Therefore, climate change is increasingly a risk and can significantly affect human health, ecosystems, the local and global economy, as well as social, political and cultural patterns. In response to the mentioned challenges that climate change brings, activities related to adaptation appear in the world. One of the first steps is the adoption of national strategic and planning documents that will establish guidelines and a roadmap to a climate-resilient society. In the first part of the paper, we dealt with determining the current strategic and legislative direction of the development of the system of adaptation to climate change of the Republic of Serbia and the surrounding countries ‒ Republic of Srpska, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Croatia. Mutual similarities and differences in the strategic and legislative frameworks of the mentioned countries were determined, while in the second part of the paper, the AAA model was used to examine the prevalence of climate change in the adopted national planning documents. The results of the paper indicate a relatively good (in the Spatial Plan of the Republic of Serbia and the Spatial Development Strategy of the Republic of Croatia) to insufficiently (in the Spatial Plan of the Republic of Srpska, Montenegro and North Macedonia) represented problems of climate change in the analyzed planning documents. The least represented category is Analysis, which is, among other things, the result of an underdeveloped system of monitoring and projection of future greenhouse gas emissions, as well as assessing the sensitivity of certain systems (traffic, sanitary, water) to climate change. The Action component is the most represented in all analyzed plans. The reason is that the planning documents defined development guidelines that are indirectly related to climate change (revitalization and reuse of brownfield sites, renewable sources and solar energy, energy efficiency, management, control and treatment of wastewater, development of multimodal transport systems) but as such, an integral part of climate change adaptation policies, and therefore significant.
Dendroclimatology: Basic Concepts, Measurement Techniques and Research Possibilities in the Republic of Srpska
Authors: Ivanović Rade , Milenković Milan
Published: April 2024

Dendrochronology is a new scientific discipline whose methods are used in paleogeographic research in order to gain insight into the state, as well as changes in the environment. Dendrochronology has given rise to dendroclimatology, which is used to study climate trends in the recent period, on the basis of which it is possible to determine the changes that have taken place in the climate complex in the past. Thanks to the ability of trees to form rings in accordance with climatic influences, it is possible to determine whether there is a correlation between meteorological data and data obtained from dendroclimatological analyzes. Dendroclimatology has become an essential tool for analyzing perennial climate fluctuations and changes. The chapter presents the results of previous research and perspectives of climate reconstruction using dendroclimatological methods in the Republic of Srpska. Although it is still undeveloped in our country, this science is very important for the study of climate in the past, as well as other cause-andeffect changes related to climate oscillations. The area of the Republic of Srpska is covered by a significant percentage of forests, in which old trees are frequent. This area offers a number of advantages, but also limitations for dendroclimatological research. In the area of the Republic of Srpska, these studies were conducted sporadically until several years ago. More intensive researches in recent years create the basis for a better understanding of recent climate and paleoclimate. Having in mind the above, it can be concluded that the Republic of Srpska has significant potential for dendroclimatological research.
Emissions of Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) from Coal-Fired Power Plants in Serbia and Bosnia-Herzegovina: First Attempts of a Validation of TROPOMI Satellite Products with Airborne In Situ Measurements
Authors: Huntrieser Heidi , Klausner-Harlaß Theresa , Aufmhoff Heinfried , Baumann Robert , Fiehn Alina , Hedelt Pascal , Gottschaldt Klaus-Dirk , Lutz Ronny , Mrazovac Kurilić Sanja , Podraščanin Zorica , Ilić Predrag , Theys Nicolas , Jöckel Patrick , Loyola Diego , Makroum Ismail , Mertens Mariano , Roiger Anke
Published: April 2024

The Western Balkan region is known for emitting alarmingly high sulphur dioxide amounts from coal-fired power plants. Though a number of environmental regulations have been introduced in recent years (e.g. desulphurisation installations, construction of modern power plants), the pollution burden is still much higher than recommended by the authorities. A number of different montoring systems are required to observe the growing pollution situation in the Western Balkan region, partly caused by a high energy demand from outside (e.g. Western Europe).Several of the top ten SO2 polluters in Europe are located in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Serbia. Here we present the first in situ measurements of sulphur dioxide in this region conducted with a German research aircraft in cooperation with local scientists in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Serbia. Two of the strongtest emitting coalfired power plants were selected for the measurements in autumn 2020: Tuzla in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Nikola Tesla in Serbia (Nikola Tesla). The measurements were mainly conducted in the boundary layer (below ~1 km altitude in winter). Downwind of the power plants, extremely high SO2 mixing ratios exceeding 100 parts per billion (ppb = nmol mol-1 ) were measured at a distance of ~20-40 km from the sources. The SO2 plumes from the power plants were trapped in well-defined inversion layers between ~500-1000 m altitude. The airborne measurements can be used to validate synchronous spaceborne SO2 measurements from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) onboard the Sentinel-5P satellite. A first intercomparison indicates some problems with dense smoke clouds frequently covering these countries in the winter months. However, it turned out that the Nikola Tesla flight is to some extent suited for a TROPOMI-SO2 validation, since it was obtained during cloud-free conditions with a well-defined vertical extension of the probed SO2 plume (needed to estimate the Vertical Column Density, VCD, measured by the satellite). In addition, these airborne measurements accompanied by model simulations can be used to determine the SO2 emission strength of the power plants and to compare it to the source strength reported by the power plant operators. The results indicate a reasonable agreement between the airborne measurements, model results, emission inventories, and satellite measurements for the Nikola Tesla power plants.
Restoration and Preservation of Degraded Soils for Crop Production
Authors: Rahman Farooqi Zia Ur , Abdul Qadir Ayesha , Ilić Predrag , Zeeshan Nukshab , Tunguz Vesna , Pržulj Novo
Published: April 2024

A broad range of ecological issues may be traced back to agricultural soil management methods that have a significant influence on ecosystems health across the globe. Agriculture has a major influence on the environment via soil quality deterioration or degradation. There are several types i.e., salinity, erosion, water logging and soil pollution with organic and inorganic contaminants and contributing factors to soil degradation. The inclusion of sustainable development goals (SDGs) related to the soil use as zero hunger (SDG 2), decent work and economic growth (SDG 8), climate action (SDG 13), life on land (SDG 15) contributes and important in human wellbeing via producing food crops (SDG 2), increasing economic growth (SDG 8), sequestering atmospheric emissions for climate change mitigation (SDG 13), and betterment of life on earth (SDG 13). Factors include non-suitable agricultural practices, usage of wide fields without limits to impede water flow, and improper ploughing techniques. The key element to limit the soil degradation is reducing pressure on natural resources and their over-exploitation. In this chapter, authors have discussed the soil degradation, causes and their remedies in detail.
Toxic metals in water and soil
Authors: Micić Ruzica
Published: April 2024

Industrialization and the development of modern civilization in general brought with it large amounts of heavy metals that were dispersed in the environment. Rapid screening technology for the detection of major and trace elements as well as heavy metals in various environmental samples was the goal of our research in this very topical area from an ecological and human health point of view. In this sense, the objectives of this study were to determine the limits of detection, accuracy, repeatability, selectivity and efficiency of different analytical methods in elemental analysis, especially traces of toxic elements. To assess the state of the environment, it is necessary to carry out a complete analysis of microelements using different analytical methods, as well as the preparation of samples, especially soil. Heavy metals that are extremely toxic are arsenic, lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium, copper and nickel, and given their extremely negative impact on human health, and mutation and lethal outcomes, their concentration in environmental samples must be accurately and precisely measured, especially in its primary components, water, soil and air. The aim of the measurement is to monitor, control and determine the presence of pollutants, but also to identify sources of pollution that threaten the living environment, the living world and, ultimately, humans, the last in the food chain.
Historical development, significance and application of marketing in agribusiness
Authors: Dončić Dalibor , Trkulja Vojislav
Published: April 2024

Market conditions in which the agricultural sector does business are continuously changing and developing. The agricultural sector competes with the competition when the only constants in agricultural production are great turbulences of agroclimatic conditions, and permanent changes in the market. Those changes are happening rapidly, which causes oscillations in business results, and it often leads to disappointment and desertion of the agricultural sector, especially by young, mobile, and working people. This chapter aims to offer a concept of modern marketing, so its implementation into the agricultural sector would contribute to more efficient and effective work. Also, it would lead to better results for all partakers of agricultural sectors, especially agricultural producers. Today, the battle for a better and more profitable position of agricultural producers in domestic and foreign markets is unimaginable without applying strategies and tools of modern marketing. To master the competitive advantage and maintain it on the market for a long time is a complicated process for the biggest and richest companies of today. It is especially hard and complex for participants from the agricultural sector because of the countless specificities of agricultural producers, and agricultural production itself. The finding of the review and research is that domestic agricultural producers are the main, but the weakest link in the chain of the agricultural sector. They are faintly, or not at all prone to using marketing management, strategies, and tools of marketing, like market segmentation, targeting, product differentiation, as well as combining elements of the marketing mix in their business activities and their value offer to customers. By doing this, they significantly make their market position more difficult, and they reduce competitiveness on both domestic and foreign markets of agricultural products, or in a broader sense, the whole agricultural sector. The most current trends of modern marketing practice are represented in this review, together with solutions for their implementation into the agricultural sector.
Unifying network model links recency and central tendency biases in working memory
Authors: Boboeva Vezha , Pezzotta Alberto , Clopath Claudia , Akrami Athena
Published: April 2024

The central tendency bias, or contraction bias, is a phenomenon where the judgment of the magnitude of items held in working memory appears to be biased toward the average of past observations. It is assumed to be an optimal strategy by the brain and commonly thought of as an expression of the brain’s ability to learn the statistical structure of sensory input. On the other hand, recency biases such as serial dependence are also commonly observed and are thought to reflect the content of working memory. Recent results from an auditory delayed comparison task in rats suggest that both biases may be more related than previously thought: when the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) was silenced, both short-term and contraction biases were reduced. By proposing a model of the circuit that may be involved in generating the behavior, we show that a volatile working memory content susceptible to shifting to the past sensory experience – producing short-term sensory history biases – naturally leads to contraction bias. The errors, occurring at the level of individual trials, are sampled from the full distribution of the stimuli and are not due to a gradual shift of the memory toward the sensory distribution’s mean. Our results are consistent with a broad set of behavioral findings and provide predictions of performance across different stimulus distributions and timings, delay intervals, as well as neuronal dynamics in putative working memory areas. Finally, we validate our model by performing a set of human psychophysics experiments of an auditory parametric working memory task.
Octopamine integrates the status of internal energy supply into the formation of food-related memories
Authors: Berger Michael , Fraatz Michèle , Auweiler Katrin , Dorn Katharina , El Khadrawe Tanna , Scholz Henrike
Published: April 2024

The brain regulates food intake in response to internal energy demands and food availability. However, can internal energy storage influence the type of memory that is formed? We show that the duration of starvation determines whether Drosophila melanogaster forms appetitive short-term or longer-lasting intermediate memories. The internal glycogen storage in the muscles and adipose tissue influences how intensely sucrose-associated information is stored. Insulin-like signaling in octopaminergic reward neurons integrates internal energy storage into memory formation. Octopamine, in turn, suppresses the formation of long-term memory. Octopamine is not required for short-term memory because octopamine-deficient mutants can form appetitive short-term memory for sucrose and to other nutrients depending on the internal energy status. The reduced positive reinforcing effect of sucrose at high internal glycogen levels, combined with the increased stability of food-related memories due to prolonged periods of starvation, could lead to increased food intake.
Elimination of subtelomeric repeat sequences exerts little effect on telomere essential functions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Hu Can , Zhu Xue-Ting , He Ming-Hong , Shao Yangyang , Qin Zhongjun , Wu Zhi-Jing , Zhou Jin-Qiu
Published: April 2024

Telomeres, which are chromosomal end structures, play a crucial role in maintaining genome stability and integrity in eukaryotes. In the baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the X- and Y’-elements are subtelomeric repetitive sequences found in all 32 and 17 telomeres, respectively. While the Y’-elements serve as a backup for telomere functions in cells lacking telomerase, the function of the X-elements remains unclear. This study utilized the S. cerevisiae strain SY12, which has three chromosomes and six telomeres, to investigate the role of X-elements (as well as Y’-elements) in telomere maintenance. Deletion of Y’-elements (SY12YΔ), X-elements (SY12XYΔ+Y), or both X- and Y’-elements (SY12XYΔ) did not impact the length of the terminal TG1-3 tracks or telomere silencing. However, inactivation of telomerase in SY12YΔ, SY12XYΔ+Y, and SY12XYΔ cells resulted in cellular senescence and the generation of survivors. These survivors either maintained their telomeres through homologous recombination-dependent TG1-3 track elongation or underwent microhomology-mediated intra-chromosomal end-to-end joining. Our findings indicate the non-essential role of subtelomeric X- and Y’-elements in telomere regulation in both telomerase-proficient and telomerase-null cells and suggest that these elements may represent remnants of S. cerevisiae genome evolution. Furthermore, strains with fewer or no subtelomeric elements exhibit more concise telomere structures and offer potential models for future studies in telomere biology.
PURA syndrome-causing mutations impair PUR-domain integrity and affect P-body association
Authors: Proske Marcel , Janowski Robert , Bacher Sabrina , Kang Hyun-Seo , Monecke Thomas , Koehler Tony , Hutten Saskia , Tretter Jana , Crois Anna , Molitor Lena , Varela-Rial Alejandro , Fino Roberto , Donati Elisa , De Fabritiis Gianni , Dormann Dorothee , Sattler Michael , Niessing Dierk
Published: April 2024

Mutations in the human PURA gene cause the neurodevelopmental PURA syndrome. In contrast to several other monogenetic disorders, almost all reported mutations in this nucleic acid-binding protein result in the full disease penetrance. In this study, we observed that patient mutations across PURA impair its previously reported co-localization with processing bodies. These mutations either destroyed the folding integrity, RNA binding, or dimerization of PURA. We also solved the crystal structures of the N- and C-terminal PUR domains of human PURA and combined them with molecular dynamics simulations and nuclear magnetic resonance measurements. The observed unusually high dynamics and structural promiscuity of PURA indicated that this protein is particularly susceptible to mutations impairing its structural integrity. It offers an explanation why even conservative mutations across PURA result in the full penetrance of symptoms in patients with PURA syndrome.