bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A records and information management lens on workplace transformation : How to minimise risk and reap the rewards during real estate changes
Authors: Cammarata Aurora
Published: July 2024

As organisations work to navigate a dynamic business environment, real estate leaders have been tasked with developing portfolio strategies that reduce costs, maximise efficiencies and meet evolving employee needs. While these strategies typically involve making changes to the workplace, real estate leaders often fail to involve key internal and external stakeholders as early and often as they should. This can be a mistake. Real estate transformation is both an opportunity and a risk and should be conducted with the full participation of everyone who is touched by the project. In this paper, real estate professionals and other stakeholders will gain insights into best practices for working effectively with stakeholders across the organisation to plan and execute real estate transformation while minimising the risk of a data breach. Key takeaways include the proper management and handling of sensitive documents and IT assets, tips for vetting external vendors, the importance of involving critical stakeholders such as records management and IT, and real-world examples of companies who have used real estate changes to reduce risk and clutter while evolving into a paperless or paper-lite workplace.
Cryptography works, but needs a system-wide view
Authors: Martin Keith
Published: July 2024

Cryptography lies at the heart of most cyber security technologies, providing the core security services that enable notions of security to be constructed in cyberspace. Cryptographic algorithms are based on mathematics and increasingly subjected to such demanding levels of scrutiny that established cryptographic algorithms rarely fail from a theoretical perspective. Cryptography exists, however, to support practical information systems. It is thus necessary to take a system-wide view when assessing the effectiveness of cryptography in delivering security in cyberspace. This paper considers the wider system within which cryptography is deployed, identifying the most common points of failure, where even use of strong cryptographic algorithms may fail to deliver intended security. The paper also discusses the possible impacts of some future developments. The core message is that cryptography works, but only if the wider system in which it is deployed is given full consideration.
Responding strategically to industry consolidation
Authors: Mattsson Axeén Robert
Published: July 2024

Rapid markets consolidation and changes in the industry, together with a client base that gets more sophisticated, put pressure on custodians to adapt their business and business models. The Nordic regions have challenges that in many cases are similar as seen in other regions, but also that are bigger because of the nature of the business in the Nordic regions. This paper tries to examine the Nordic regions' challenges and as guidance tries to show how Nordea have approached the Nordic issues, but also how Nordea strategically responded to the challenges they faced.
Canada geese flight patterns in the vicinity of an aerodrome: Insights and management implications
Authors: Giordano Marta , Jiguet Frédéric
Published: July 2024

Wildlife on and in the surroundings of an aerodrome pose a potential hazard for flight safety. Canada geese (Branta canadensis) represent a substantial risk for aircraft, due to their size and flocking behaviour. A group of 51 Canada geese were caught and neck-collared at two moult sites in the vicinity of Paris-Le Bourget airport. Six individuals were also GPS tagged. Bird movements were monitored between July 2019 and June 2021.    The flight patterns and phenology, as well as the dispersion pattern of these birds, were investigated. Flights represented only about 1 per cent of geese daily activity. Geese spent most of their time on the ground in a 10km radius area around the capture sites. More than half of the flights outside the capture sites took place at the end of the day, between 6pm and 8pm.    These flights were performed on average at less than 50m above the ground, and only less than 1 per cent of them crossed Paris-Le Bourget airport airspace.    The finding of this study can be of interest to airport operators and regulators for the development of a management plan to help to reduce birdstrike risk to aircraft.
Exploring the effect of weather targeting on online advertising effectiveness: A field experiment
Authors: Weißmüller Felix Rafael Maria , Schrempf Fabian Peter Walter , Bornemann Stefan
Published: July 2024

In recent years, companies have started incorporating weather conditions into their marketing and advertising campaigns. Empirical evidence to support the benefit of this, however, is scarce. This study therefore examines the effect of weather on online advertising using data from a field experiment. The experiment assigned visitors to the wetter.com weather portal to four different groups according to their current weather situation, and then showed them the same online banner advertisement. The results of an ANOVA indicate that rainy weather has a significant impact on advertising effectiveness, as measured by click-through rate: compared with the good weather group, the rainy weather group and cold weather group showed an increase in click-through rate of 40 per cent and 34 per cent respectively. The implications of this study go beyond advertising weather-dependent products and services. For advertisers and marketers, these findings imply new opportunities for location and customer analytics to make targeted advertising more effective.
The global cities: Continuous reinvention and implications for CRE
Authors: Roberts James
Published: July 2024

The supplanting of finance with technology, media and telecoms (TMT) firms as the driving force behind the global city economy has been the defining characteristic of the last decade. As a result, 2007 seems a long time ago in the world of corporate real estate, and so much is changing in office occupation as more firms work tech-style. Nevertheless, for the real estate professional, there are some continuous trends to inform decision making. First, there is the growing centrality of people within a services-led economy. Secondly, we have the merging of a range of influences within a CBD setting (business, culture, academia and social life), with companies under pressure from workers and business needs to be inside that melting pot. Thirdly, there is the growing acknowledgment that an office is a place from which one operates, not a self-contained working location.
Creating a digital and physical corporate archive: Case study of a national restaurant chain
Authors: Carner Mindy
Published: July 2024

When faced with the very real prospect of losing as much as a half-century of company history and legacy documentation, a national restaurant chain decided that it was time to develop a corporate archive to preserve this important part of its culture. The task was not small. The company had to learn what it really meant to them to build an archive. Who would participate in contributing content? How would they capture digital content created in other systems? How would they track the use of artefacts in museum exhibitions? Getting the answers to these large questions was a matter of extensive business and technical requirements gathering that uncovered still more questions, such as whether they needed to develop formal records retention policies, and how they would handle the movement of physical artefacts into the archive from around the country. The answers to these questions were used to develop the business and technical requirements for a system of record for both physical and digital archival artefacts. A complete request for proposal, vendor selection and system demonstration process was undertaken to find the best-fit solution to track and preserve both digital and physical archival materials.
A data privacy approach for cyber-physical systems
Authors: Weldert Jan , Von Wedel Jana Karina , Beul Christian
Published: July 2024

The European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which has been in effect since 25th May, 2018, tightens the requirements regarding data protection for anyone collecting or processing personal data within the European Union (EU) and is connected with heavy fines in case of violations. The topic of data privacy for cyber-physical systems and the related requirements towards development and operation are, however, not new. Many regional laws and regulations pursuing the goals of confidentiality, integrity, availability, storage and purpose limitation, minimisation, transparency and accuracy of personal data have already been in place long before the introduction of the GDPR. But for many companies, dealing with the formal requirements defined by the GDPR is a new and challenging task. We developed a clearly structured approach based on established and proven workflows aimed at integrating data protection topics into existing development processes and thereby achieving compliance with data protection regulations. This approach follows the widely used V-model for development and is inspired by concepts from functional safety development. Both the discipline of functional safety and that of data privacy aim to protect the end-user against harm caused by malfunctions of the system they are using. In the first case this refers to physical harm, while in the second to harm due to violations of fundamental rights and freedoms of natural persons. In the age of digitalisation there are currently indications for a paradigm shift that puts both kinds of harm on the same level. The approach starts by defining the scope of collection and processing of private data as well as the relevant functions and interfaces. Based on this, the threats related to the loss or breach of personal data are analysed and corresponding goals are formulated. A high-level strategy for reaching those goals and preventing data privacy infringements is then derived. This strategy is further refined into concrete technical and process solutions for which verification and validation criteria are defined.
Stable crypto-assets for payments: What is missing in current token standards?
Authors: Fernández Herraiz Carlos , De Mata Íñigo García
Published: July 2024

This paper explores the taxonomies of stable crypto-assets and discusses the standards associated with Ethereum tokens, including how these compare with certain features of the ISO 20022 industry standard. A brief exploration of simple selected credit transfer features shows that ERC standards are sufficiently flexible to be adapted to ISO 20022 requirements.
Getting to success: A scenario-driven approach for selecting, implementing and deploying digital asset management systems
Authors: Van Malssen Kara
Published: July 2024

Usage scenarios are simple narrative descriptions of the current or future state use of a system. For digital asset management (DAM) system initiatives, scenarios are an important tool that can be used throughout all stages: selection, implementation, launch and beyond. Scenarios are a lightweight, simple, clear and effective method for defining the goals and intended use of a system. They help facilitate communication between stakeholders and vendors, providing a starting point for ongoing conversation that ensures all parties have equal footing in the discussion. This paper provides a definition of scenarios, describes their key features and structure, identifies their benefits and offers recommended practice for using scenarios throughout the life cycle of a DAM deployment process.
How CISOs can truly align with the business
Authors: Alexander Candy
Published: July 2024

Over the last few years, there has been a growing movement within organisations to improve the alignment of cybersecurity efforts with business objectives. But what does this mean? And can this really be accomplished? If the answer is ‘yes’, how should this be done? And when will it be known that the alignment is right? To begin answering these important questions, it is essential first to answer a different question: ‘Why is alignment so important today’? And to effectively understand the ‘why’, there is a need to reflect on the past.
How viral video can spark media attention
Authors: Sumner Wes
Published: July 2024

Few media tools are as powerful as video. This paper explores how videos can go viral, promoting brand visibility and strategic marketing objectives in higher education. Compelling video is a proven means to attract any audience’s attention. This paper explores the keys to successful videos and strategies for mobilising higher education storytellers. Further, it offers tips for higher education marketing and communications practitioners who are charged with maximising limited resources to achieve results.
Understanding Latino voting strength in 2016 and beyond: Why culturally competent research matters
Authors: Barreto Matt , Segura Gary
Published: July 2024

Throughout the 2016 election cycle opinion polls of Latino Americans varied greatly in terms of the expected Clinton–Trump vote. Polls with large samples of Latinos, that offered bilingually interviewing and were based on representative sample records of Latinos suggested record low support for Trump. In contrast some national polls that were done in English-only and had small samples of Latinos found higher than expected Latino support for Trump. In this paper, Matt Barreto and Gary Segura, the co-founders of the research and polling firm Latino Decisions explain why polling needs to combine culturally competence and social science to get accurate and reliable estimates of Latino Americans. Looking at the best available data for Latinos, they argue that Trump received a record low 18 per cent support from Latinos, largely due to his anti-immigrant rhetoric which most Latinos found offensive and alienating. As the fastest growing segment of the American electorate, the authors argue more investment is needed to understand and conduct culturally competent outreach to Latinos to further increase their civic engagement.
Bridging brand and experience design
Authors: Ho Adrian
Published: July 2024

While true, the idea that brands are defined by experiences masks a complex set of dynamics that dramatically affects the development of branded experiences. This paper explains the different evolutions of branding and experience design to show how the converged field of brand experience design inherits ideas from each former discipline in non-intuitive ways. The central shift in thinking is that experiences are defined by brands rather than the other way around. A strong brand — one with a clear and compelling purpose, one with a clear set of emotional associations — is essential for a strong brand experience; therefore, branding practitioners and designers must strengthen their brands in order to deliver powerful brand experiences. Contrary to popular opinion, experiences by themselves will do little to strengthen a weak brand. In addition, this paper presents a set of concrete tools and techniques to help brand experience designers build this new thinking into their work.
How data is reshaping and optimising enterprise-wide onboarding
Authors: Kristi Tange
Published: July 2024

This paper analyses client onboarding programmes, which have historically been focused on imperatives for regulatory compliance and immediate commercial enablement. In the process of onboarding clients, a vast, valuable dataset is collected and stored, which is often underutilised for further broader commercial purposes. With the advent of new data sources, skilled resources and tooling to harness the power of this dataset, firms can more readily invest in joining and analysing this data, as well as in creating new metadata, to drive initiatives to enhance the client onboarding process, more effectively maintain client data and identify cross-selling opportunities. The paper discusses how investment mutually benefits the firm and its clients to operate more quickly, transparently and with lower cost and creates empowered workforces who make decisions driven by data analysis.
Here be dragons/ Navigating the uncharted waters of digital initiatives in cultural institutions
Authors: Stephenson Shaula M.
Published: July 2024

Many cultural institutions are implementing digital asset management (DAM) systems to fulfil internal needs or to meet patrons’ demands. The native metadata schema for most DAM systems do not accommodate the needs of cultural institutions and prevailing literature fails to address implementation planning needs in non-profit environments. This paper presents a case study of such an implementation and concludes by suggesting that in order to smooth the implementation of future digital initiatives, organisations should centralise potential assets, assess the collection, document information about the assets and standardise naming conventions and workflow before beginning the planning process.
‘Mind the gap’: The difference, in performance, between design and the building ‘in-use’
Authors: Lewry Andy , Hamilton Lorna
Published: July 2024

The non-domestic building stock is inefficient with respect to energy and the reasons given are devoid of substantive evidence to back them up. Buildings rarely perform as well as their designers predicted, and energy consumption and costs are, on average, double what was expected. This difference has become known as the performance gap. To address this problem, operators of commercial and public buildings need clear and realistic guidance on targeting energy running costs and on the potential savings available. To truly understand how a building uses energy, it is necessary to know about the building itself and about how it is used. However, what is missing are ‘real-life’ exemplars to investigate the actual causes of the performance gap and propose practical solutions. Liaising with the industry, a number of possible causes have been proposed: (a) lack of maintenance due to resource and skills shortage; (b) limited data; (c) modelling tools limited to asset data that don’t take into account operational parameters; and (d) lack of practical solutions and their costs. All of these may or may not be valid, and there is a need to join asset with operation data with targeting auditing of both the building and its operation to investigate the causes of poor performance.
Has the EU Code of Conduct for market infrastructures delivered measurable benefits for users?
Authors: Knight Angela , Kenny Cassandra , Merriman Alex
Published: July 2024

The landscape of clearing and settlement in Europe has changed considerably over the past eight years. Starting with the Lamfalussy and Giovannini reports, which prioritised work in the post-trading sphere, a number of initiatives have developed — most notably, the Code of Conduct for Clearing and Settlement for market infrastructures. The three pillars of the Code — price transparency, access and interoperability, accounting separation and unbundling — were given staggered implementation deadlines over the year December 2006 to December 2007. The Code has not, however, been fully implemented. Significant benefits have been seen in lower tariffs and fees, and clarity over cross-subsidisation of services, but true pan-European price comparability remains elusive. In terms of access and interoperability, 82 requests between market infrastructures have been made, but only one has been granted and none are operational. Greater involvement of users is needed to prove the business case of links. Bilateral discussions between market infrastructures have provided a forum to progress these issues. This paper outlines the history leading up to the development of the Code, looks at the implications of the Code and assesses whether or not it has been a success.
Integrating cyber into new construction and commissioning across asset classes
Authors: Gordy Fred
Published: July 2024

According to the majority, the phrase ‘smart building’ first appeared in the early 2000s. This was about the time that building control systems (BCS) were being connected to the Internet – but others believe it happened as early as the late 1970s. In the 1980s smart buildings were first referred to as intelligent buildings. In actuality, the first smart building came into existence many years before. The primary objectives of smart buildings are to make systems open to other systems and to make external connections for staff, service providers and analytic companies to help service and maintain these systems without impediment. In doing so, they have created a company’s largest attack surface. To help reduce this attack surface, new construction must be designed with cyber security controls. It is less expensive and easier to implement at this point. But this is only half of the equation. Post implementation, the system must also be checked to ensure that all cyber security controls have been properly configured using cyber commissioning.
Twelve ailments of outsourcing CRE: What they are and how to prevent them
Authors: Vitasek Kate , Flynn Michele
Published: July 2024

Today’s corporate real estate (CRE) professionals deal with more global, complex, outsourced supplier relationships than ever before. The result? Organisations are finding themselves with a new set of challenges — many created by gaps between the intent of the relationship and the actual contract. These gaps are what University of Tennessee (UT) researchers call ‘outsourcing ailments’. A key to eliminating the ailments is first to identify they exist and understand how they can make your strategic supplier relationships unhealthy. This paper summarises each of the 12 most common ailments and provides guidance on how to overcome each ailment in your strategic supplier relationships.
The consolidation of TARGET2 and TARGET2-Securities: How is the Eurosystem exploring synergies across its infrastructures, and how will this impact day-to-day operations?
Authors: Martin Diehl , Christoph Heid , Katharina Tobiasch
Published: July 2024

Financial market infrastructures play an important role in financial integration in Europe. From the very start of the monetary union, the Eurosystem has provided and enhanced financial market infrastructures to facilitate integrated money markets and capital markets. Whereas TARGET enabled a European money market, TARGET2 has improved this by channelling all high-value payments through a single platform, allowing a single liquidity management. With TARGET2-Securities, which was launched eight years after TARGET2, several of the Giovannini barriers to harmonised post-trade business were removed. In the next stage, TARGET2 and TARGET2-Securities will be consolidated on a single platform to make a further improvement in overall liquidity management and bring about a further reduction in settlement costs by converging to harmonised technical features and using common components. These two TARGET services will be augmented by TARGET instant payment settlement (TIPS) as a new TARGET service. The renewed and complemented TARGET services are scheduled to go live in November 2021. One year later the Eurosystem will be providing the Eurosystem collateral management system (ECMS) — a single system for the management of all eligible collateral for monetary policy operations. The current 19 different local systems used for that purpose will be replaced. After that, the whole lifecycle of central bank money will be covered by integrated financial market infrastructure services: In TARGET2 and TIPS, central bank money is used for payments such as those for the settlement of securities in TARGET2-Securities. And these securities could be easily mobilised to become collateral to be used by the means of ECMS in order to receive central bank money. This paper analyses how the consolidation of TARGET2 and TARGET2-Securities, as well as the complementation by TIPS and the ECMS will contribute to the integration of European financial markets, improving the efficiency and safety of FMIs. It also looks into what is required in order to achieve the full benefits.
Adapting to digital marketing regulations: The impact of the General Data Protection Regulation on individualised, behaviour-based marketing techniques
Authors: Sposit Nathaniel
Published: July 2024

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) came into effect in May 2018. While the legal environment of the GDPR has been vastly analysed, the impact of the legislation on digital marketing is yet to be explored. This paper will explain the key provisions of the GDPR, explain how individual user data is used in contemporary marketing techniques and explore the impact of the GDPR on individualised, behaviour-based marketing — a marketing technique that relies on the use of personal data and is used as a primary revenue source for companies such as Facebook and Google.
Corporate giving at the Shakespeare Theatre Company, Washington, DC: ‘I can no other answer make but thanks, and thanks; and ever thanks’
Authors: Major Noreen
Published: July 2024

Is sponsorship a game strictly for very large organisations and corporations with national or global reach? No. Despite the attention naturally attracted by massive-scale partnerships, sponsorship success is not predicated on size, but on relevance and creativity. This comment shares examples of making sponsorship work for local rights holders and sponsors that do not have audiences or budgets in the millions, but who can deliver and receive tremendous ‘bang for their buck’. It explores critical issues for smaller rights holders, including research: how do you find what's out there? Education: what matters most to potential partners? Proposal: how do you get their attention? Cultivation: how do you secure the partnership? Renewal: what works and why?
How BIM can use Big City Data
Authors: Scaysbrook Stephen J.
Published: July 2024

The use of BIM within the design process is now becoming established, both at design stage and during the construction phase, as multiple designers from the architect through to the engineers, service engineers and contractors use the same 3D model base to add function to the design. This paper will look at the relationship between a building’s central control programme and the Rich BIM data embedded within a 3D IFC file (a platform neutral, open 3D file format specification) and the ever-increasing availability of external smart, city-wide data points now being propagated in many of the rising smart cities. As we embed more information and material data specs into the 3D model, it is quite possible for autonomous building management programmes that control a building’s use and heating to interrogate the exported 3D IFC model and check the building’s real-time integrity based upon temperature and humidity sensor readings embedded within the building’s core, together using the rich Internet of Things (IoT) external data fetched from external weather sensors, and compare it to the model to give real-time references for control of such things as lighting, heating and cooling. Sensors looking at structural loads from a similar sensor grid, again looking at the same IFC file, will allow real-time structural analysis of imposed loads such as people, equipment and materials on the building fabric and the building’s reaction to wind load.
Facilitating money movement globally using international Automated Clearing House payments
Authors: Kamback Eric , Miner Dan
Published: July 2024

This paper explains how trends in global trade are affecting cross-border payments, explains what is driving heightened interest in International Automated Clearing House (IACH) solutions, and explores the perceived benefits of and barriers to the use of IACH.
Using data to optimise the EHRs and performance
Authors: Morgan Steve , Speaker L.
Published: July 2024

The use of data to improve the efficiency and the utilisation of the electronic health record has become an increasingly important topic in informatics. This paper looks briefly at why it is important to focus on the development of metrics and key indicators for provider and clinician utilisation and efficiency within the electronic health record. With the use of this data workflows can be developed within the electronic health record to decrease variation and provide a more efficient and value-driven approach to provide healthcare delivery. Workflow improvement and standardisation can also lead to improved clinical and financial performance.
Digitising images from the first tests of HDTV in Europe: The 1992 Summer Olympic Games
Authors: Sánchez Isabel , Marchand Etienne
Published: July 2024

This paper discusses the digitisation project launched by the International Olympic Committee’s Audiovisual Heritage team, with technical support from the French Institut National de l’Audiovisuel (INA), to digitally preserve a rare-format collection of tapes produced during the Barcelona 1992 Olympic Games. What makes this collection unique is the fact that the D1 tapes are recorded in 1250/50 HDTV standard, the first analogue high-definition television standard developed in Europe, but one that was never formally adopted at European level. This rendered the task of digitising the collection almost impossible, given the lack of video tape recorders for such a format and, in particular, the lack of technicians with the required know-how. Before exploring the technical details of the digitisation process, the paper briefly presents the origin of the recordings, outlines the chronology of the 1250/50 HDTV standard’s development and explains how the Olympic Games were chosen as one of the testing grounds for this new technology. The paper then provides a technical description of the design, implementation and effectiveness of the workflow developed by the INA to digitise these legacy carriers, using obsolete recorders in conjunction with modern tools to reconstruct the experimental high-definition system.
Work experience from home : Hybrid work and the future of distributed work locations — a comparative empirical analysis between the US and Germany
Authors: Gauger Felix , Bachtal Yassien , Pfnür Andreas
Published: July 2024

Already two decades ago it was claimed that ‘work is no longer a place — it is an activity that can be conducted anywhere’. This quote is equally true and false. While COVID-19 demonstrated in a large-scale experiment that a significant proportion of work activities can be performed flexibly and in the home office, the importance of place has come to the forefront of employees’ minds. Although work is not necessarily tied to a place, the location determines the efficiency of work performance to a significant extent. This paper shows how work satisfaction and productivity depend on space and elaborates on future distributed work locations and spatial split where the different activities will ideally be performed. Future work will be multilocal, divided between the ‘first’, ‘second’ and ‘third’ place. Whereas the first place — the home office — is ideal for concentrated tasks with high work autonomy, the second place — the corporate office — becomes more and more a place for social interactions and face-to-face tasks. If employees have no ideal work conditions at home, third places — such as coworking spaces — can serve as the ‘first’ place for employees and take over its function, but third places can also serve as a substitute for the second place. Empirical data shows that these alternative work environments will gain traction in the post-COVID world, especially in the US.
Rumours about the demise of American banknotes are greatly exaggerated
Authors: Jankowski Carrie , Porter Richard D.
Published: July 2024

Despite predictions about its imminent disappearance, cash remains a dominant force in the US payments system. Certain population segments are strongly attracted to its unique bundle of features, particularly privacy and tangibility. One force actually boosting cash usage is the increasing role played by immigration from Latin America in the US workforce. In addition, innovations in electronics and computing have affected the cash world, making banknotes circulate more efficiently. Technological advancements, however, have disproportionately enhanced forms of electronic payment, and the resultant cost savings have worked their way through the rent chain, inducing many consumers to switch away from cash to other payment media such as credit and debit cards and online banking. Most recently, even the most cash-intensive industries are in the process of making notable shifts. This paper examines the transition away from cash in three of these venues: casinos, transport (taxis and toll roads) and vending machines. While it is much too early to proclaim the end of cash, it appears that a reduced role for cash within a growing proportion of US households is now under way.
Technical controls that protect data when in use and prevent misuse
Authors: Feys Magali (Maggie) , Swanson Joseph W. , Carreiro Patricia M. , Lafever Gary
Published: July 2024

Global data processing flowing across geographic borders and increasing risks of external data breach and misuse beyond lawful purposes requires careful evaluation of technical controls that prevent privacy violations before they occur. This paper details the specific requirements for, and certain benefits from, implementing technical controls satisfying the heightened requirements for statutory pseudonymisation as defined in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the context of (i) surveillance-proof processing, (ii) lawfulness of processing, (iii) more secure processing and (iv) data supply chain defensibility. The interconnectedness of these issues is presented within the confluence of conflicting interests among four different groups: governments, courts, enforcement agencies and non-governmental organisations (NGOs).
Evolving financial benchmarks: The impact on legacy contracts
Authors: Perkins Joanna , Mortby Paul
Published: July 2024

Following scandals surrounding alleged manipulation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) and the Euro Interbank Offered Rate (EURIBOR), the attention of market participants and regulators alike has turned to the question of whether financial benchmarks and the regulatory regime that governs them are still fit for purpose. This paper summarises key regulatory developments designed to address the perceived weaknesses of European benchmarks and considers the future of such benchmarks as reference rates in standard form contracts. It asks whether the current regulatory reform programme can accommodate the demands of its objectives, on the one hand, and the necessity of guaranteeing contractual continuity on the other. The paper concludes that, despite significant risks, there are reasons to believe the reform programme will successfully address the existing shortcomings without major disruption to existing contracts.
Expanding the development operation: Embedding fundraisers ‘on the road’ to increase overall philanthropic impact
Authors: Cook Stephanie
Published: July 2024

Advancement efforts represent a significant investment on the part of universities across the country and around the world. Effective programmes generate significant resources on behalf of the institutions with which they are affiliated. Even so, opportunities abound to further optimise programmes, allowing for cost and time savings, and better coverage of targeted populations of high capacity prospects. Establishing regional development operations, in key markets, is one way to maximise coverage and expand the overall impact of an advancement operation.
Robotics in securities operations
Authors: Hegde Shailendra , Gopalakrishnan Sriram , Wade Mike
Published: July 2024

With widespread interest in robotics, more and more firms are beginning to explore automation through proof-of-concepts and pilots. Traditionally, shared services has been the primary target of such ventures; however, investment banks are increasingly exploring if robotics could be extended into core processing functions. This paper, written on the basis of implementation experiences, examines activities across securities operations from trade processing, corporate actions, clearing and settlements, data management and onboarding to provide practical use cases for automation. Specifically, the paper identifies common repetitive and rule-based manual tasks across the areas mentioned above and discusses how robotic process automation can be used to reimagine the processes for greater efficiencies and control. Nevertheless, as with any new technology, there are challenges that may impede benefit realisation. Some of the challenges are structural in nature, such as process fragmentation, which may require front-to-back process redesign along with automation. Other challenges could be addressed with the right operating model, governance, opportunity qualification methods and infrastructure. Beyond cost savings, starting this journey and getting it right could position investment banks to benefit from the application of the next generation of exponential technologies.
The impact of energy policy on traditional buildings: Towards a holistic decision-making framework for retrofitting: Part 2
Authors: Frew Russell
Published: July 2024

The Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) is the European Union’s main policy instrument for reducing the built environment’s contribution to climate change. Energy Performance Certificates (EPC) are a tool of this policy, providing buildings with a performance rating. In the UK these have become the benchmark by which the Minimum Energy Efficiency Standards (MEES) are judged, rendering residences lower than an E illegal to rent out. This has pushed property owners to undertake energy retrofitting interventions to ensure compliance. In traditional buildings this is potentially problematic. Buildings of this type rely on permeability to control moisture dynamics; the insertion of less permeable barriers can interrupt their internal hygrometry leading to condensation, damp and decay. As a result, subsequent damage to the building fabric can bring energy policy into conflict with heritage conservation. Existing frameworks that attempt to mitigate the tension within these agendas often fall short in explicitly considering the the problem holistically. This research first asks if pressure from policy is leading to incompatible retrofits. Secondly, it aims to develop a holistic framework that unites heritage and energy agendas with current policy. An inductive, pragmatic approach was undertaken. Using a historic estate’s residential portfolio as a case study, condition surveys were carried out to assess whether properties retrofitted with secondary glazing were experiencing problems with condensation. The results of this were significant, supporting the argument that energy policy is driving incompatible retrofitting interventions. Exploratory data analysis was carried out on an existing EPC dataset to highlight inconsistencies with the EPC methodology. Finally, these findings were combined with questionnaire survey results, targeted at both professionals and occupants, to inform a decision-making framework that incorporated energy efficiency, heritage values, life cycle cost analysis (LCC), building assessment, occupant behaviour, with a feedback loop promoting a bottom-up approach to policy. This issue contains Part 2 which will deal with the methodology and results. Part 1 in the previous issue set the scene.
MAPping metadata
Authors: Mering Margaret , Wintermute Harriet E.
Published: July 2024

An ad hoc group at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL) Libraries collaborated to create a metadata application profile (MAP) to document and share information about metadata practices and content standards within each of the four Libraries’ digital repositories. The group consists of four representatives who had responsibility for metadata in each repository. This paper provides overviews of each repository, along with their challenges, to include content characteristics, metadata and description practices, differing philosophies and any limitations imposed by the platforms. The early process included researching existing MAPs and metadata working group at other university libraries and then creating and sharing individual UNL repository MAPs. Working together, the group identified commonalities and agreed upon a minimum set of required metadata elements for all their repositories. With the minimum set of metadata elements established, the group developed and published the UNL MAP as a LibGuide available to the public. This MAP for descriptive metadata is only a first step; outlined are future MAP projects that UNL or the statewide University of Nebraska library consortium could adopt.
Aviation and the economy: How airports can strengthen their partnerships with express airlines for the greater economic good
Authors: Meysmans Daniel
Published: July 2024

The aviation sector is crucial to the global economy, and this makes the collaborative relationship between airports and airlines all the more critical for wider economic development. This paper examines, through a FedEx Express perspective, why partnerships between airports and airlines need to be strengthened, and how this can be achieved, with a primary focus on the express business and the unique customer demands that FedEx experiences. It will look at the importance of these long-term airport–airline relationships for the benefit of economic growth and how they can facilitate trade, investment and overall competitiveness. It also provides advice for airports seeking to better align themselves with the needs of an express airline; outlines best practice for understanding the challenges experienced by FedEx; and recommends how, as a result, airports can position themselves more competitively. Enabling airports to gain a more comprehensive view of these partnerships and the need for the right delivery systems and regulatory environment will cultivate the future development of the aviation sector and encourage economic growth.
Optimising passenger security-screening operations
Authors: Bloch Paul , Payne Claire
Published: July 2024

This paper explores the nature of the passenger security-screening process, its position in the end-to-end airport departure process and the effect on its performance due to changes in the airport environment. It concludes with a discussion of opportunities to optimise the performance of screening points while minimising operating costs and, most significantly, fulfilling aviation security requirements at the same time as meeting passenger experience expectations. These solutions are grounded in the application of industrial engineering and lean manufacturing principles.
Compliance education for the modern learner: Strategic use of videos
Authors: Miller Brendan
Published: July 2024

The phrase ’compliance education’ can merit a bleak response. At times, institution’s compliance functions are associated with occupational constraint rather than encouraging ethical progress. Furthermore, employees overwhelmed by an abundance of trainings can experience fatigue. To encourage a positive response, strategic digital solutions that use learning mediums familiar to the user are necessary. This paper aims to provide insight on how videos can be used to improve compliance education.
Effective reporting can support improved decision-making by directors and executives
Authors: Marrazzo Ross
Published: July 2024

The pressure is on the compliance team to deliver the right information in the right way to support decision-makers. Maintaining a robust governance structure is a cornerstone of effective oversight, setting the stage for proper compliance with regulatory requirements and expectations. Priorities are not always in perfect alignment, however. Committees must focus vertically on their missions, but must also communicate horizontally across the organisation. To ensure data quality, risk models must be rigorously governed and validated, but must also be refreshed or even discarded if circumstances dictate. Supervisory requirements must be adhered to and also expected to change. Interactive risk dashboards have become the state of the art in compliance and risk management reporting, and they must be designed with the needs of the bank in mind. Compliance professionals can thrive by monitoring and understanding regulatory change, keeping communications channels open with examiners, and managing the compliance department through metrics. Helping senior management and boards to navigate the various options available to them will provide for a more compliance intelligent senior management and board. This paper discusses how right-sizing management and board reporting is important to an effective governance structure. Strengthening board reporting is not an isolated exercise; it must be part of a broader drive to foster and support compliance-savvy leadership.
How can banks continue digital transformation in a downturn?
Authors: Khosla Rishi
Published: July 2024

Digital technologies have come to play an increasingly important role in our lives. Their availability to customers has set expectations for personalised experiences with the banking services they use, making it imperative for banks to innovate and continuously evolve their product offerings to keep up. The banks that are able to do this most successfully are new entrants with advanced technological capabilities that can adapt to changes in the economic environment and consumers’ shifting expectations more quickly. It is this adaptability and technological knowledge that ensures that these new entrants are best positioned to capitalise on periods of downturn. This paper will examine digital transformations that have reshaped the world of banking to date, including the shift to digital banking in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the uses of data and analytics, as well as data-driven tools like AI in present-day retail banking. Furthermore, the paper will detail areas where digital transformation is yet to exert a profound effect on banking, particularly lending to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), an essential area given the contribution that small-to-medium businesses make to economic growth. Finally, the paper will explore ways that new entrants can use digitalisation to support these crucial businesses, as well as detail other examples of digital innovations that are shaping the future of banking; for example, AI automation in know your customer (KYC) and the rise of ‘open banking’.
Staying one step ahead of your adversaries: How to build a cyber threat intelligence team capable of delivering business value
Authors: Nicholson Keith
Published: July 2024

From enabling security teams to effectively respond to incidents to ensuring security investments are targeted on real-world risk, when effectively implemented, a cyber threat intelligence (CTI) team can deliver value against a broad range of operational and strategic requirements. While many organisations recognise the value CTI can provide, delivering on that value proposition is often more difficult. CTI is a data-driven process; however, building an effective CTI capability requires far more than effective data collection and exploitation. This paper contends that for many organisations the challenge in realising value from their CTI team is not a data problem, it is a communication problem. To address this challenge, security leaders need to look beyond the traditional intelligence life cycle and a consider a number of organisational factors which, taken together, provide a firm foundation to enable a CTI team to effectively communicate and influence stakeholders across the organisation. Specifically, security leaders should position the team strategically, populate that team with a diverse blend of skills, provide a clear direction and purpose, and implement a robust communication and influencing strategy. Together these measures improve the ability of the organisation to realise business value from CTI.