bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A ADMINISTRAÇÃO BUROCRÁTICA E SUA REPERCUSSÃO NA GESTÃO ESCOLAR
Authors: Tavares Andrezza Maria , Azevedo Márcio Adriano de , Morais Pauleany Simoes de
Published: August 2014

Neste trabalho tem-se o objetivo de analisar as modificações na organização da administração pública e suas repercussões na política educacional e na gestão da escola a partir dos anos de 1930. Vale salientar que o burocrático se desenvolveu no início do século XX para combater a corrupção e o nepotismo/clientelismo herdados do modelo anterior (o patrimonialista), tendo sua origem relacionada à célula do Estado moderno Ocidental. Como fundamentação teórico-metodológica utilizou-se estudo de literatura especifica sobre a organização do modelo burocrático e seu impacto na gestão da escola pública. Na pesquisa pode-se perceber que os mecanismos de divisão do trabalho da iniciativa privada orientaram as ações da gestão da educação e da escola, em que os sujeitos e o ensino são orientados pela lógica burocrática baseado em procedimentos rígidos por meio do controle dos processos de trabalho, interferindo inclusive na organização da escola ou mesmo no próprio relacionamento interpessoal entre professor e aluno.

Palavras-chave: Modelo burocrático; gestão escolar; política educacional.
O ETANOL DA CANA DE AÇÚCAR: POSSIBILIDADES ENERGÉTICAS DA REGIÃO DE CEARÁ-MIRIM-RN
Authors: Aquino Annelyse Farias de , Bidô Érica Sousa , Galvão Maria Luiza de Medeiros , Oliveira Viviane Nobre
Published: August 2014

O uso indiscriminado de energias não renováveis, como o petróleo, vem reduzindo drasticamente as fontes de combustíveis fósseis e ocasionando graves prejuízos ambientais, como o agravamento do natural efeito estufa, o famoso aquecimento global, pelo lançamento excessivo de Dióxido de Carbono (CO2), dentre outros gases-estufa, na atmosfera. Tal fato vem chamando atenção para a importância de um desenvolvimento sustentável, realizando uma mudança intensa na matriz energética mundial, amplificando, então, a utilização de energias renováveis – eólica, solar, da biomassa, etc. – como alternativa às não renováveis. Assim, esse trabalho apresenta o histórico e as vantagens de uma fonte de energia “limpa” que vem se destacando na matriz energética brasileira, com o foco na sua produção no Vale do Ceará-Mirim, no Rio Grande do Norte. Essa fonte é a cana-de-açúcar da qual é possível extrair o etanol que pode ser utilizado como opção à gasolina produzida a partir do petróleo. Seus co-produtos e subprodutos, como o açúcar, a garapa, a vinhaça e o bagaço também assumem grande importância econômica e sustentável. Dessa forma, os atuais métodos de cultivo e produção da cana-de-açúcar comprovam a possibilidade da integração entre o lado econômico e suas vantagens, o desenvolvimento sustentável e o aspecto social, portanto, é de extrema importância que o país invista nos potenciais energéticos presentes em seu território.
Prevalence of mammary alterations in women assisted in a municipality in the state of Paraná
Authors: Ronchi Samara , Costa Lediana Dalla , Perondi Alessandro Rodrigues , Bortoloti Durcelina Schiavoni , Wietzikoski Evellyn Claudia
Published: July 2014

The purpose of this quantitative and retrospective study was to analyze the prevalence of mammary alterations from 1304 women in the city of Francisco Beltrão- Paraná (PR), Brazil, registered in theSISMAMA system, froma Regional Health Center in Paraná State. Between 2009 and 2012, data was collected in May and June 2013 and statistically analyzed. The results showed that 694 (53.2%)of women were under 49 years old, 1126 (86.3%) had no increased risk for developing breast cancer, and 1205 (92.5%) underwentmammography screening. Color and tracking information were omitted in most entries. The BI-RADS (r) category 0 (inconclusive result) was the most prominent.Categories with higher chances of malignancy (BI-RADS (r) 4 and 5) prevailed in the left breast in women older than 50. Diagnosis of radial sclerosing lesions associated with infiltrating ductal carcinoma was predominant in 53.0% (n = 9) of the histopathological exams. We conclude that these findings are partially supported by the literature.
Negative effects of fertilization on plant nutrient resorption
Authors: Yuan Z. Y. , Chen Han Y. H.
Published: August 2014

Plants in infertile habitats are thought to have a high rate of nutrient resorption to enable them reuse nutrients more efficiently than those in fertile habitats. However, there is still much debate on how plant nutrient resorption responds to nutrient availability. Here we used a meta‐analysis from a global data set of 9703 observations at 306 sites from 508 published articles to examine the effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization on plant foliar N and P concentrations and resorption efficiency. We found that N fertilization enhanced N concentration in green leaves by 27% and P fertilization enhanced green‐leaf P by 73% on average. The N and P concentrations in senesced leaves also increased with respective nutrient fertilization. Resorption efficiencies (percentage of nutrient recovered from senescing leaves) of both N and P declined in response to respective nutrient fertilization. Combined N and P fertilization also had negative effects on both N and P resorption efficiencies. Whether nutrient resorption efficiency differs among plant growth types and among ecosystems, however, remains uncertain due to the limited sample sizes when analyzed by plant growth types or ecosystem types. Our analysis indicates that fertilization decreases plant nutrient resorption and the view that nutrient resorption is a critical nutrient conservation strategy for plants in nutrient‐poor environments cannot be abandoned. The response values to fertilization presented in our analysis can help improve biogeochemical models.
Resolution of a Peri‐Implantitis Defect Using Sterile Saline for Implant Surface Detoxification: A Case Report With Clinical Re‐Entry
Authors: Fletcher Paul , Constantinides Christos
Published: August 2014

Introduction: Peri‐implantitis is an inflammatory disease involving the soft and hard tissues surrounding a dental implant. Its prevalence is increasing, and, if left untreated, it can lead to the loss of the implant. Decontamination of the implant surface is a primary prerequisite to successfully treat this disease. The best way to accomplish this is still a source of controversy. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of a clinical re‐entry in a human showing almost complete osseous fill of a deep circumferential infrabony peri‐implantitis lesion after mechanical debridement with a curet and chemotherapeutic detoxification with only sterile saline.

Case Presentation: A patient presenting with an infrabony peri‐implantitis lesion was treated with mechanical debridement with a curet and chemotherapeutic detoxification of the implant surface with sterile saline, followed by osseous grafting and guided bone regeneration in an effort to eliminate the defect. At the completion of treatment, after clinical re‐entry, there was almost complete fill of the infrabony component of the osseous defect with a bone‐like material that closely approximated the implant surface.

Conclusion: It is possible to effectively clean a dental implant surface using only mechanical debridement with a curet and chemotherapeutic detoxification with sterile saline on a cotton pellet to an extent that will allow for fill of the infrabony component of an osseous defect after the use of regenerative therapy.
Material Balance Validation of Subsurface Uncertainties in a Deepwater Turbidite System: A Case Study of the Agbami Field
Authors: Sunmonu Olanrewaju , Ogbuagu Frank , Ebo Henrietta , Odusote Olufemi
Published: August 2014

The value of using the Material Balance equation to gain insights into the performance of a field post-production has been proven over the years in various hydrocarbon fields. This paper discusses the use of this tool in validating the dynamic performance of the Agbami field and the characterization of some aspects of its reservoir architecture.

The Agbami field came on production in July 2008 and achieved its target plateau rate in December 2008. The conceptual model of the Agbami subsurface structure has been refined over the years. The field's major reservoirs were initially subdivided into 7 regions based on available pressure and seismic data before full field development commenced. Dynamic behaviour observed to date has shown significant deviations from earlier predictions. Explanations to these differences were sought through various studies, with production and pressure data playing a crucial role in increased understanding of the reservoir.

MBAL™, the IPM software tool, was used in the analyses discussed. Multi-tank material balance models were constructed and employed to investigate uncertainties in compartmentalization, hydrocarbon volumes and aquifer properties. Production and injection data from the active wells were used for history matching while static bottomhole pressure data from permanent downhole gauges in the Agbami intelligent wells were employed in the pressure matching of the wells within the various reservoir regions. This paper describes how these models were developed.

The main findings resulted in the re-alignment of the earlier defined monitoring regions of the main reservoir from seven to three. These regions which were previously treated as separate compartments have now been collapsed into single tanks based on the findings of the multi-tank model. Results have been corroborated by findings from 3D simulation and well tests, further emphasizing the importance and need for such simple models in the development of a complex deepwater field like Agbami.
Design, Execution and Evaluation of Acid Stimulation Job in a Subsea Deepwater Well
Authors: Olatunji Idris , Ogunsina Oluseye , Okosun Joshua , Horsfall Ipalibo , Agbahara Chidi , Smith Seun , Yahaya Ismael , Ogoja Oluwafemi
Published: August 2014

This well was drilled and completed as a Frac & Pack oil producer with subsea wellhead in 3300 ft water depth. Despite all the care taken to maintain cleanliness during completion, initial performance on starting up the well indicated that it was severely impaired during the drilling phase with drawdown as much as 2300 psi observed. The well initially failed to reach the Hydrate Dissociation Temperature (HDT) of 35C within the specified period of 1 hour.

The well was eventually successfully started and some performance improvement was observed as the well was cleaned up gradually over the next few months but the potential of the well had to be revised down from the planned 30kbpd to 12kbpd to honour drawdown limit of 350psi.

This paper documents the effort made to restore the well's planned production of 30kbpd by acid stimulation treatment by bullheading from the rig. From the well history, the source of impairment was attributed to drilling fluids. Thus, a half-strength mud acid was chosen as the treatment fluid and the placement was by high-rate bullheading from the rig connected to the subsea Xmas tree via a riser and EDP/LRP. The risk of flowing unspent acid through subsea flowlines and topsides equipment on the FPSO was assessed. Corrosion simulation studies showed the subsea flowlines can withstand the possible unspent acid with proper dilution by flowing high water cut wells at high rate through the same bulk flowlines being used to unload the just treated well. The dilution also helped protect the topsides equipment while further protection was provided by injecting diluted sodium hydroxide into the flow stream as it enters the topsides.

The result of the treatment was that productivity index increased by a factor of 3 from 27 bpd/psi to ca. 90 bpd/psi and the well is now producing at 30 kbopd.
Bee Colony Optimization - part I: The algorithm overview
Authors: Davidovic Tatjana , Teodorovic Dusan , Selmic Milica
Published: August 2014

This paper is an extensive survey of the Bee Colony Optimization (BCO)
algorithm, proposed for the first time in 2001. BCO and its numerous variants
belong to a class of nature-inspired meta-heuristic methods, based on the
foraging habits of honeybees. Our main goal is to promote it among the wide
operations research community. BCO is a simple, but efficient meta-heuristic
technique that has been successfully applied to many optimization problems,
mostly in transport, location and scheduling fields. Firstly, we shall give a
brief overview of the other meta-heuristics inspired by bees? foraging
principles pointing out the differences between them. Then, we shall provide
the detailed description of the BCO algorithm and its modifications,
including the strategies for BCO parallelization, and giving the preliminary
results regarding its convergence. The application survey is elaborated in
Part II of our paper.
Potentials of Urban Agriculture in Reflection of “The Thessaloniki Project - Red and Green”
Authors: Fáczányi Zsuzsanna
Published: August 2014

In spite of the fact the scene of food production is the rural territory; we are witnessing more and more unusual endeavours for farming in cities, additionally in megalopolises. There are numerous researches on the theme, and the new interest in the local cultivation of fruit and vegetable in cities is becoming an earnest factor in urban life in Western Europe, in the USA, and in the Developing World. At the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AUTh two professors of architecture managed a course for MSc students of architecture and horticulture, with the intend of designing forms of urban agriculture on a fallow area in Thessaloniki, and considering the crisis situation in Greek. With analysing the proposals of “The Thessaloniki project - Red and Green” parallel with various realized urban agriculture projects I emphasise the force and necessity of the generation of a community
Immigration into Politics: Immigrant-origin Candidates and Their Success in the 2013 Bundestag Election
Authors: Wüst Andreas M.
Published: August 2014

This article is about immigrant-origin politicians running for a Bundestag mandate in the 2013 election. Patterns of candidacy, electoral success and failure of the respective candidates and parliamentarians are systematically analyzed. The main finding is that politicians of immigrant origin are serious contenders for seats in the Bundestag, and political parties seem to have quite some interest in their election. It is increasingly the second immigrant generation that is involved politically, and, as the career patterns indicate, it is likely that many of them are going to stay longer in politics. Consequently, a closer look at immigrant-origin candidates and parliamentarians is of merit for both the study of parliamentary representation and of the political integration of immigrants and their descendants.
Small Parties and the 2013 Bundestag Election: End of the Upward Trend?
Authors: Patton David F.
Published: August 2014

In the 2009 German federal election, the small parties together captured 43.2 percent of the vote; three small parties boasted a result in the double digits. Four years later, none of the small parties finished above 8.6 percent and only two reentered the Bundestag. Notably, the FDP, one of the original West German parties, dropped out of the federal parliament for the first time. Yet, any talk of catch-all party revival and party system concentration needs qualification. As a group, the small parties received nearly a third of all votes cast—the second highest share in six decades. Those that did not make it into the Bundestag won 15.7 percent, a higher share than in any other federal election. This article examines the positioning of the leading small parties in the 2013 Bundestag election campaign and their respective electoral results; highlights party systemic as well as internal party factors to explain small party performance; reassesses the commonplace classification of small parties by whether there is an established legislative presence or not; and considers the positioning and performance of small parties in the years to come.
The Reluctant Cosmopolitanization of European Party Politics: The Case of Germany
Authors: Rensmann Lars
Published: August 2014

While still vastly underrepresented and lagging behind political representation in several other European democracies, more ethnic minorities and immigrants have entered the German Bundestag in 2013 than ever before. This is one of several indicators of Germany's political departure from hegemonic ethnic self-understandings, signaling the nation's complicated, partly still-contested evolution towards political self-conceptions as a “country of immigration.” A significant unanswered question is how and how far this process, which can be conceived as cosmopolitanization, has transformed party politics. This article examines the scope and causes of cosmopolitanization in three dimensions of German party politics after the 2013 Bundestag election: political discourse and programmatic positions on immigration, citizenship, identity, and ethno-cultural diversity; the policy regime of mainstream parties on immigration and the inclusion of ethnic minorities; and the fielding of minority candidates for national public office. It is argued that a belated postethnic cosmopolitanization of German party politics is primarily caused by transformed demographic realities, value change, and new electoral demands. Mainstream political parties—including the center right—have been reluctant but ultimately rational strategic agents reacting to these transformations in the electoral market. Yet, the scope and character of cosmopolitanization also depends on external and internal supply side conditions that enable parties to make programmatic changes, depolarize key issues of the immigration and citizenship policy regime, and recruit ethnic minorities for political representation. In European comparative perspective, the German case may serve as a model for theorizing the cosmopolitanization of party politics.
Delay in Hospital Arrival of Stroke Patients: An Observational Study
Authors: Ahasan H A M Nazmul , Kumar Sarkar Prodip , Das Aparna , Ayaz KFM , Dey Pritam , Ahmed Siddique Ashfaque , Chowdhury Mostofa Kamal , Hossain Md. Yeanur , Minnat Baharul , A.S. Hussain Deena
Published: August 2014

Abstract: Introduction: Stroke is the leading cause of disability among adults globally. The importance of early intervention is well known to prevent permanent disability and mortality otherwise caused by the ischemic stroke or hemorrhagic stroke. Objective: Aims of this study are to assess the level of pre-hospital delay and reasons for such delay in acute stroke patients. Methods and Materials: An observational study was carried out in the Department of Medicine, Dhaka Medical College Hospital between December 2012 to January 2013 among stroke patients (Age greater than 18 years, both gender, with Clinical features and neuroimaging findings consistent with stroke). The questionnaire regarding patients age, sex, occupation, presenting symptoms, associated disease like DM, HTN etc., duration of symptoms, mode of transportation, type of consultation sought, causes of delay, their socio-economic status were filled up by investigator. Result: In our study out of 100 patients 55 (55%) had ischaemic stroke and 45 (45%) had haemorrhagic stroke. The median delay from onset of symptoms to hospital arrival was 6 hours. The main cause of delay in reaching hospital was identified as indecision (40%). The other causes include financial constrain (30%), non-availability of transport (22%), traffic jam (10%), lack of manpower (20%) and consultation with rural medical practitioners (30%). Conclusion: Early intervention is very important to prevent permanent disability and mortality in case of stroke. So, it is important to take necessary steps to raise awareness among health care professionals and general population reagarding handling stroke patients and sending them to specialized hospitals where adequate facilities are present.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v14i2.18459 J Medicine 2013, 14(2): 106-109
Etiologic Factors of Infertility in a Referral Hospital (BSMMU, Bangladesh)
Authors: Rokeya Anwar Begum , Fatima Parveen , Afza Nasim , Tarannum Tazkia , Begum Nazneen , Umme Kulsum Syeda , Parveen Shaila
Published: August 2014

Background: Infertility is defined as the failure in pregnancy after one year of unprotected intercourse. Several centers have reported different causes of infertility. The most common causes of infertility include: Female factors such as ovulation dysfunction and tubal factor; male factors like sperm disturbance as well as ; both male and female factors and unexplained infertility. The aim of this study was to find out the etiologic factors of infertility in BSMMU (Bangabandhu Sheik Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh)Methods: This cross sectional study was done at the Out Patient Department (OPD) of infertility in BSMMU during the period of December 2004 to March 2005. One hundred infertile couples with necessary investigations were reviewed for the study. Results: In this study the frequency of primary and secondary infertility was 56% and 44% respectively. Among 100 couples 57% had female factor, 25% had both male and female factors and in 3% had male factor and in 15% of couple, the causes of infertility were unknown. Among women, different infertility factors included: Tubal factor 33%, Ovarian factor 12% and endometriosis 11%. In this study tubal blockage were detected in 50% cases of female secondary subfertility following Menstruation Regulation (M/R). Result showed 82% of men had normal spermogram 28%, had sperm disturbance including Oligospermia, Asthenospermia, Oligoasthenospermia and teratospermia. Conclusion: Although female factor was the most common cause of infertility in BSMMU, we can not conclude that this factor is the most common causes of infertility in Bangladesh. Since this centre is considered as referral centre especially for female infertility. We suggest performance of similar researches with big sample size in different institution to evaluate most common causes of infertility in Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v14i2.18460 J Medicine 2013, 14(2): 110-113
Recent Dengue Management: A New Concept
Authors: Tarikul Islam Quazi
Published: August 2014

No abstract availableDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v14i2.19637 J Medicine 2013, 14(2): 104
Blood Lead Level in Relation to Awareness and Self Reported Symptoms among Gasoline Station Workers in the Gaza Strip
Authors: Yassin Maged M. , Lubbad Abdel Monem H.
Published: August 2014

Background: Leaded gasoline is being used in Gaza Strip. Measurements of blood lead level (BLL) and relate it to awareness of gasoline station workers would be helpful in lead protection programs.Purpose: To determine BLL and to assess its relation to awareness and self reported symptoms among gasoline station workers in the Gaza Strip. Methods: A cross section of 72 workers was asked to fill in a questionnaire. BLL was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: Thirty four (47.2%) workers had BLL>10 ?g/dl. The mean BLL was inversely related to the education level (p=0.001). Workers worked d5 years in the station had lower BLL than those worked >5 years (7.8±5.6 v 12.5±5.8 ?g/dl, p=0.004). The variation in workers knowledge by their BLL was not significant. Higher BLL was generally found in workers who did not practice protective measures compared to those who did, with significant difference for respiratory mask (12.4±5.9 v 5.6±1.6 ?g/dl, p=0.001), gloves (13.1±6.0 v 8.6±4.9 ?g/dl, p=0.001) and frequent milk drink (13.5±6.0 v 9.3±5.2 ?g/dl, p=0.018). Higher BLL was also found in workers who reported symptoms than in those who did not, with significant differences for irritability (12.4±5.4 v 9.2±5.6 ?g/dl, p=0.031), headache (12.2±5.8 v 9.0±5.9 ?g/dl, p=0.046), concentration difficulties (12.9±5.8 v 9.4±5.6 ?g/dl, p=0.015), sleep disturbances (14.1±5.8 v 8.9±5.0 ?g/dl, p=0.001) and hypertension (13.3±6.4 v 8.1±2.9 ?g/dl, p=0.001). Conclusions: High BLL was associated with low education level, long work duration, lack of protective measures and increase self reported symptoms. Educational programs on protective measures practices are recommended.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v14i2.19658 J Medicine 2013, 14(2): 135-142
Use of Drugs and Treatment Cost in Acute Watery Diarrhoea of Under-2 Children Attending a Tertiary Hospital of Bogra
Authors: Muraduzzaman AKM , Islam S M Rashed-Ul , Siddiqui Md. Mahmudur Rahman
Published: August 2014

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Mohammad Ali hospital (MAH) of Bogra from Bangladesh to evaluate the hand washing and exclusive breast feeding (EBF) practice and to explore the rational use of anti-diarrhoeal therapy in Acute Watery Diarrhea (AWD) and expenditure of the family in treatment. A total of 660 under-2 children attending at MAH with the complaints of AWD were selected for the study. The mean age (mean±SD) of the attended child was 11.75±5.16 months. About 80% of the respondents (mothers of under-2 child) were below SSC level in terms of educational status while about 9% were illiterate. About 85% of the respondent seek treatment from non-registered practitioners (NRP) while registered doctors contributed only among 12% which was found statistically significant in comparison to their family income (p<0.001). Azythromycin was the most prescribed drugs (22.4%) followed by ciprofloxacin (21.7%) and erythromycin (15.9%) which was mostly prescribed by  non-registered doctors (p <0.05). The families had to spend a mean cost of Tk. 209/- which was spend significantly high on NRP (p<0.05) as a direct treatment cost. Misuse of antibiotics was observed from NRP and a handsome amount was spending on them. Moreover, About 91% of the total respondent did not practice exclusive breast feeding and about 99% mother found to admit improper hand hygiene. To reduce unnecessary expenditure and ensure proper treatment of AWD, it was recommended to aware the community on quality management at government facility.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v14i2.19665 J Medicine 2013, 14(2): 143-148
Comorbid Cerebral and Pulmonary Edema at 7010 M/23000 Ft: An Extreme Altitude Perspective
Authors: Khan Inam Danish
Published: August 2014

High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE) and High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE) are two dreaded altitude emergencies which can independently lead to complications. Two cases of suspected comorbid HACE and HAPE were managed at 5800 m/19000 ft in Karakoram Himalayas. Altitude acclimatization, purported to prevent high altitude illness, may not be protective. Comorbid HACE and HAPE at extreme altitude may present atypically necessitating high index of suspicion and prompt clinical decision making in challenging situations. One man HAPE bag/PHC is an excellent temporary measure in cases of delayed descent/evacuation. Due attention to extreme altitude emergencies is required in view of increased recreational, scientific and military activities at extreme altitude.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v14i2.19668 J Medicine 2013, 14(2): 153-155
Melioidosis  A Serious Emerging Threat in Bangladesh
Authors: Das Aparna , Ahasan H A M Nazmul , Minnat Baharul , Singha Chayan Kumar
Published: August 2014

Melioidosis, a pyogenic infection that presents acutely or as a chronic infection, is caused by the soilassociated bacterium Burkholderiapseudomallei. Infection is acquired by inoculation or inhalation and is more common in patients with underlying chronic disease. It is endemic in the tropical belt. Although Bangladesh is not considered as a country where melioidosis is endemic, an increasing number of cases have been reported recently. Definitive diagnosis requires the isolation of B. pseudomalleiin culture from clinical specimens. However, the laboratory diagnosis of melioidosis in Bangladesh and other under-resourced countries is limited by a lack of familiarity with the bacterium and a lack of facilities to accurately confirm the identity of the isolate. It is highly likely that melioidosis is underdiagnosed in this country. There is a need to increase awareness of this infection among clinicians and clinical microbiologists and improve laboratory facilities for the selective isolation and accurate identification of B. pseudomallei. Melioidosis has a notoriously protracted course; cure is difficult without a prolonged course of appropriate antibiotics.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v14i2.19669 J Medicine 2013, 14(2): 164-173
Trends in Managing Parkinsons Disease - A Review
Authors: Hilaly SM Rashid , Chowdhury Md. Tauhidul Islam , Chowdhury Mohammad Shah Jahirul Hoque
Published: August 2014

Natural fluidity of movement & feelings seem to be lost in PD. Automatic activities of facial expression, swallowing, speaking, walking become less automatic. Clinical experience is essential to diagnose, decide symptom worsening, determine end of dose wearing off & the on-off states, acknowledge non-motor problems, titrate dopaminergic treatment & add adjunctive treatment. Current breakthroughs in the treatment concepts like discovery of non-dopaminergic brain targets, neuroplasticity, L-DOPA formulations including Levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel[LCIG], pump therapies, deep brain stimulation have been discussed. LCIG is available in some 30 countries but cost makes it prohibitive for widespread use. Goalbased motor skill training improves cognitive & automatic components of motor control in mild to moderate PD. Levodopa + carbidopa, remains the gold standard & eventually leads to L-DOPA induced dyskinesia in the majority within 10 years of treatment. MAO-B inhibitors have an excellent side effect profile but mild motor benefit. Dopamine agonists (nonergot-ropinirole, pramipexole) provides moderate symptomatic benefit and delay the development of dyskinesia but at the expense of psychiatric and nonmotor side effects.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v14i2.19670 J Medicine 2013, 14(2): 174-184
Renal and Splenic Infarction: Unusual Manifestation of the Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Authors: Daher Elizabeth F , Lima Rafael S.A. , Melo Ana Cristina L. , Silva Junior Geraldo B
Published: August 2014

Antiphospholipid syndrome is a multisystem disorder characterized by recurrent thromboses in the arterial system, venous system, or both. A 42-year-old man sought treatment reporting two episodes of abdominal pain in the right flank radiating to his back associated with nausea and vomiting fifteen days prior to admission. Abdominal CT with contrast showed left renal atrophy, renal right and splenic infarction. Laboratory tests showed worsening of renal function after CT contrast: serum creatinine 0.6mg/dL to 5.5mg/dL. The complementary investigation showed anti-cardiolipin antibodies (aCL) positive in high titers; antinuclear antibodies, myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, anti-nuclear antibody, serology for hepatitis A, B and C, ELISA anti-HIV and VDRL were negative. A diagnosis of renal and splenic infarction due to antiphospholipid syndrome was made and the patient received treatment with subcutaneous heparin followed by warfarin.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v14i2.19672 J Medicine 2013, 14(2): 187-188
Autoimmune Haemolysis in Visceral Leishmaniasis: A Case Report & Review of Literature
Authors: Kabir Ahmedul , Das Aparna , Islam Mohammad Shahidul , Masud Mohammad Shahin , Cader Fathima Aaysha , Jahan Sharah
Published: August 2014

Visceral Leishmaniasis is a very common but neglected disorder in Bangladesh. It can remain subclinical or become symptomatic with an acute, sub acute or chronic course. Atypical presentations can be equally challenging to the clinician. Visceral leishmaniasis is associated with various autoimmune phenomena. Sometimes it can mimic any autoimmune disorders including Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA), SLE, and Rheumatoid Arthritis etc. Here, we describe a case of visceral leishmaniasis with Coombs positive autoimmune hemolytic anemia.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v14i2.19686 J Medicine 2013, 14(2): 198-200
Fog Juice Poisoning
Authors: Islam FM Mofakharul , Saha AK , Mannan MA , Hassan TU , Rahman M , Ahmed F , Saha BN , Roy H , Rahman M , Chowdhury NS
Published: August 2014

A 19 yrs old male was admitted with upper abdominal pain and vomiting following ingestion of a fluid he thought to be beer. After repeated inquiry it was found that the clear fluid was Fog Juice, used to produce artificial Fog or Smoke on the stage. After 36 hours of ingestion the patient developed severe respiratory distress & itching. Investigation reports confirmed Acute Renal Failure & Hyperkalaemia. He was sent to Nephrology Unit for dialysis, but the poor victim expired there about 48 hours after ingestion.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v14i2.19687 J Medicine 2013, 14(2): 195-197
Amegekaryocytic Thrombocytopenia: A Rare Initial Presentation of Aplastic Anaemia
Authors: Majumder Sabbiha Nadia , Haque Manjurul , Chowdhury Mostofa Kamal , Siddique Ashfaque Ahmed , Sarkar Prodip Kumar , Ahasan H A M Nazmul
Published: August 2014

Amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia is a rare variety of bone marrow aplasia characterized by thrombocytopenia in association with markedly diminished bone marrow megakaryocytes. It can occur as a component of aplastic anaemia or as an isolated form. Here we report a case of a teenage girl presented with bleeding per vagina and generalized weakness which is diagnosed as a case of amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia by bone marrow examination. It will evolve into aplastic anaemia with the course of the disease.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v14i2.19690 J Medicine 2013, 14(2): 207-209
Henoch-Schönlein Purpura as a Presentation of Chronic Hepatitis B Infection
Authors: Begum Mahmuda , Haque Md. Manjurul , Trisha Humayra Jesmine , Rahman A.F. M. Hafizur , Ahasan H A M Nazmul
Published: August 2014

Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP) is characterized by presence of classical triad of palpable purpura, arthritis and abdominal pain 1. HSP may be triggered by bacterial and viral infections, eg. Hepatitis B viral infection. Chronic hepatitis B infection may present with extra hepatic menifestations, vasculitis is an important one and poly arteritis nodosa is more commonly seen. A 30 years old lady presented with abdominal pain, palpable rashes over trunk, lower limb, which were consistent with HSP along with joint pain more on knees and ankles. She was diagnosed as a case of chronic hepatitis. HSP is not very uncommon among patients attending hospitals of Bangladesh, but its relation with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) or any other infective agent is not always searched. In our case HSP presented as an extra hepatic manifestation of chronic hepatitis B infection. The extra hepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis B are associated with deposition of circulating HBV Ag-Ab immune complexes.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v14i2.19692 J Medicine 2013, 14(2): 210-212
Two Cases of Dog Bite with Similar Clinical Presentation but Outcome Variation - A Case Report
Authors: Amin Md. Robed , Chowdhury Shaikat , Enam Shabnamfatema , Rahman Safinarafath , Hossain Riyadh , Salimuzzaman M , Kahhar Md. Azizul
Published: August 2014

No abstract availableDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v14i2.19693 J Medicine 2013, 14(2): 213-217
Overlap Syndrome in a 13- Year- Old Girl: A Case Report
Authors: Islam Mohammad Shahidul , Kabir Ahmedul , Das Aparna , Tabassum Humayara , Joarder Zabid-Ul Kadir , Hoque Md. Akramul , Masud Mohammad Shahin
Published: August 2014

The Overlap Syndrome is a rare condition which comprises two or more connective tissue disease in a same patient. Among them, some are associated with specific autoantibody profile and some are not. Here, we reported a case of overlap syndrome who presented with seizures and features of systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis with the presence of strongly positive ANA, Anti snRNP, Anti Scl-70 antibody and weakly positive Anti Sm antibody.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v14i2.19694 J Medicine 2013, 14(2): 218-221
Bilateral Hip Joint Arthritis in a Young Adult
Authors: Siddiqui Mahmudur Rahman , Mahbub Md. Shahriar , Khan Mohammad Ashik Imran
Published: August 2014

No abstract availableDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v14i2.19696 J Medicine 2013, 14(2): 225
Developing an Integrated Conceptual Framework of Pro-Environmental Behavior in the Workplace through Synthesis of the Current Literature
Authors: McDonald Faye
Published: August 2014

Recent studies have begun to bridge the gap between general and workplace pro-environmental behavior by adapting specific existing behavioral models to the workplace environment. This conceptual article proposes a different approach by synthesizing the current general and workplace literature to develop a new model of the antecedents to pro-environmental behavior. Guided by this approach, this paper combines the insights of the current general and workplace models to develop an integrated framework of pro-environmental behavior in the workplace. In doing so, an overview of the current general and workplace literatures will be provided as well as their similarities and differences highlighted. The proposed framework will provide further insights into the antecedents of workplace pro-environmental behavior and identify common findings across the different existing workplace models. This theory can be the basis for further research in order to provide a comprehensive picture of the antecedents of pro-environmental behavior in the workplace. Lastly, implications for specific interventions to develop targeted Human Resource Management practices and work towards achieving environmental sustainability will be discussed.
Seismic Evaluation of Structural Insulated Panels in Comparison with Wood-Frame Panels
Authors: Terentiuk Stefanie , Memari Ali
Published: August 2014

Structural Insulated Panel (SIP) wall systems have been used in residential and light commercial buildings for the past sixty years. Lack of sufficient published research on racking load performance and limited understanding of the influence of fastener types on seismic response has been a deterrent in widespread use of the wall system in seismically active areas. This paper presents the results of a study involving a total of twenty one 2.4 m × 2.4 m shear walls tested under monotonic and cyclic loading. Four different 114 mm thick SIP panel configurations and one traditional wood frame wall were tested under monotonic loading according to ASTM E 564-06; and thirteen 114 mm thick SIP panels and three wood frame walls were tested under the CUREE loading protocol according to ASTM E 2126-11. Parameters such as fastener type; spline design; hold-down anchor location; and sheathing bearing were adjusted throughout the testing in order to determine their effects on the SIP’s performance. Performance parameters such as peak load and displacement; energy dissipation; allowable drift load capacity and seismic compatibility were determined for all of the specimens. Such parameters were then used to demonstrate the SIP walls’ compatibility with the wood frame walls and to determine the efficiency of the different SIP wall configuration and spline systems employed.
Wetting, Solubility and Chemical Characteristics of Plasma-Polymerized 1-Isopropyl-4-Methyl-1,4-Cyclohexadiene Thin Films
Authors: Ahmad Jakaria , Bazaka Kateryna , Oelgemöller Michael , Jacob Mohan
Published: August 2014

Investigations on the wetting, solubility and chemical composition of plasma polymer thin films provide an insight into the feasibility of implementing these polymeric materials in organic electronics, particularly where wet solution processing is involved. In this study, thin films were prepared from 1-isopropyl-4-methyl-1,4-cyclohexadiene (γ-Terpinene) using radio frequency (RF) plasma polymerization. FTIR showed the polymers to be structurally dissimilar to the original monomer and highly cross-linked, where the loss of original functional groups and the degree of cross-linking increased with deposition power. The polymer surfaces were hydrocarbon-rich, with oxygen present in the form of O–H and C=O functional groups. The oxygen content decreased with deposition power, with films becoming more hydrophobic and, thus, less wettable. The advancing and receding contact angles were investigated, and the water advancing contact angle was found to increase from 63.14° to 73.53° for thin films prepared with an RF power of 10 W to 75 W. The wetting envelopes for the surfaces were constructed to enable the prediction of the surfaces’ wettability for other solvents. The effect of roughness on the wetting behaviour of the films was insignificant. The polymers were determined to resist solubilization in solvents commonly used in the deposition of organic semiconducting layers, including chloroform and chlorobenzene, with higher stability observed in films fabricated at higher RF power.
Recent Photocatalytic Applications for Air Purification in Belgium
Authors: Boonen Elia , Beeldens Anne
Published: August 2014

Photocatalytic concrete constitutes a promising technique to reduce a number of air contaminants such as NOx and VOC’s, especially at sites with a high level of pollution: highly trafficked canyon streets, road tunnels, the urban environment, etc. Ideally, the photocatalyst, titanium dioxide, is introduced in the top layer of the concrete pavement for best results. In addition, the combination of TiO2 with cement-based products offers some synergistic advantages, as the reaction products can be adsorbed at the surface and subsequently be washed away by rain. A first application has been studied by the Belgian Road Research Center (BRRC) on the side roads of a main entrance axis in Antwerp with the installation of 10.000 m² of photocatalytic concrete paving blocks. For now however, the translation of laboratory testing towards results in situ remains critical of demonstrating the effectiveness in large scale applications. Moreover, the durability of the air cleaning characteristic with time remains challenging for application in concrete roads. From this perspective, several new trial applications have been initiated in Belgium in recent years to assess the “real life” behavior, including a field site set up in the Leopold II tunnel of Brussels and the construction of new photocatalytic pavements on industrial zones in the cities of Wijnegem and Lier (province of Antwerp). This paper first gives a short overview of the photocatalytic principle applied in concrete, to continue with some main results of the laboratory research recognizing the important parameters that come into play. In addition, some of the methods and results, obtained for the existing application in Antwerp (2005) and during the implementation of the new realizations in Wijnegem and Lier (2010–2012) and in Brussels (2011–2013), will be presented.
The Significance of Pulmonary Artery Size in Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Ussavarungsi Kamonpun , Whitlock Joseph , Lundy Taylor , Carabenciov Ivan , Burger Charles , Lee Augustine
Published: August 2014

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) has been found to have significant morbidity and mortality. The treatment of PH has advanced considerably with increasingly more effective and safer options. With an increasing effort to diagnose patients early, non-invasive techniques are often used to screen those patients likely to have PH. Computerized tomography (CT) chest scans are increasingly utilized in the evaluation of patients with exertional dyspnea, including those with suspected PH. The main role of the CT scan is to evaluate for any associated underlying diseases. There have been attempts to address the utility of CT to predict the presence of PH. This article reviews previously published investigations to summarize the relationship between pulmonary artery dimensions and PH to determine both the strength of the correlation and its discriminatory ability for use in clinical practice.
TRAIL Deficient Mice Are Protected from Sugen/Hypoxia Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Dawson Sarah , Arnold Nadine , Pickworth Josephine , Francis Sheila , Lawrie Allan
Published: August 2014

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive lung disease diagnosed by an increase in pulmonary arterial blood pressure that is driven by a progressive vascular remodelling of small pulmonary arterioles. We have previously reported that tumor necrosis factor apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) protein expression is increased in pulmonary vascular lesions and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) of patients with idiopathic PAH. The addition of recombinant TRAIL induces the proliferation and migration of PASMCs in vitro. TRAIL is required for hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in mice, and blockade of TRAIL prevents and reduces disease development in other rodent models of PAH. Due to the availability of knockout and transgenic mice, murine models of disease are key to further advances in understanding the complex and heterogeneous pathogenesis of PAH. However, murine models vary in their disease severity, and are often criticized for lacking the proliferative pulmonary vascular lesions characteristic of PAH. The murine Sugen-hypoxic (SuHx) mouse model has recently been reported to have a more severe PAH phenotype consisting advanced pulmonary vascular remodelling. We therefore aimed to determine whether TRAIL was also required for the development of PAH in this model. C57BL/6 and TRAIL−/− mice were exposed to normoxia, Sugen5416 alone, hypoxia or both Sugen5416 and hypoxia (SuHx). We report here that SuHx treated C57BL/6 mice developed more severe PAH than hypoxia alone, and that TRAIL−/− mice were protected from disease development. These data further emphasise the importance of this pathway and support the use of the SuHx mouse model for investigating the importance of potential mediators in PAH pathogenesis.
Effect of Suction Nozzle Pressure Drop on the Performance of an Ejector-Expansion Transcritical CO2 Refrigeration Cycle
Authors: Zhang Zhenying , Tian Lili
Published: August 2014

The basic transcritical CO2 systems exhibit low energy efficiency due to their large throttling loss. Replacing the throttle valve with an ejector is an effective measure for recovering some of the energy lost in the expansion process. In this paper, a thermodynamic model of the ejector-expansion transcritical CO2 refrigeration cycle is developed. The effect of the suction nozzle pressure drop (SNPD) on the cycle performance is discussed. The results indicate that the SNPD has little impact on entrainment ratio. There exists an optimum SNPD which gives a maximum recovered pressure and COP under a specified condition. The value of the optimum SNPD mainly depends on the efficiencies of the motive nozzle and the suction nozzle, but it is essentially independent of evaporating temperature and gas cooler outlet temperature. Through optimizing the value of SNPD, the maximum COP of the ejector-expansion cycle can be up to 45.1% higher than that of the basic cycle. The exergy loss of the ejector-expansion cycle is reduced about 43.0% compared with the basic cycle.