bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial patterns of the availability of community health centres in rural India, 2005 and 2019
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Geography, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh., Kumar Vineet , Singh Harpreet ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh., Meena Avadhesh Kumar ,   Research Scholar, Department of Geography, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh., Sharma Sanjana ,   Research Scholar, Department of Geography, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh.
Published: August 2024

Community health centres, also known as community health services (CHSS), are located throughout the state and try to offer a wide variety of services and health promotion activities to the local population, especially for those who have the worst health or are at the risk of developing it and most deprived in context to economic and social needs. Community health centres are part of the rural health system. A considerable portion of the population lives in rural India. This study attempted to examine the changes in the availability and requirements of CHCs across the states in India from 2005 to 2019. Data is from Rural Health Statistics (RHS) (2005, 2019). MS Excel and ArcGIS are used for data analysis and mapping. Maharashtra (382), Rajasthan (298), Uttar Pradesh (294), Gujrat (271), and the lowest in Sikkim (4), Goa (5), and Tripura (9) had the highest number of CHCs in 2005, according to Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS). On the other hand, in 2019, Uttar Pradesh (679), Rajasthan (571), Tamil Nadu (385), and Orissa (377) had the highest number of CHCs, whereas the lowest was found in Sikkim (2), Goa (5), Mizoram (9). As per IPHS standards, Uttar Pradesh (917), Bihar (571), and West Bengal (420) had the highest requirements of CHCs in 2005, while the states with the highest requirements of CHCs in 2019 were Uttar Pradesh (857), Bihar (646), and Andhra Pradesh (491).
A demographic scenario of an urban area: A study of selected population characteristics of Tamluk municipality in East Medinipur district, West Bengal
Authors:   State Aided College Teacher (Category-I), Department of Geography, Panskura Banamali College (Autonomous), West Bengal., Adhikary Balai , Jana Monisha ,   State Aided College Teacher (Category-I), Department of Geography, Panskura Banamali College (Autonomous), West Bengal., Guchhait Santu ,   State Aided College Teacher (Category-I), Department of Geography, Panskura Banamali College (Autonomous), West Bengal., Dinda Suman ,   State Aided College Teacher (Category-I), Department of Geography, Panskura Banamali College (Autonomous), West Bengal., Maity Susmita ,   State Aided College Teacher (Category-I), Department of Geography, Panskura Banamali College (Autonomous), West Bengal., Maity Sayantan ,   State Aided College Teacher (Category-I), Department of Geography, Panskura Banamali College (Autonomous), West Bengal.
Published: August 2024

Demographic characteristic reveals the socioeconomic condition of society. It includes distribution, sex ratio, child (0-6 years) sex ratio, works participation of the population, and literacy. Intra-municipality variation in population characteristics is noticeable in Tamluk municipality of the East Medinipur district of West Bengal in eastern India. The present paper attempts to study the intra-municipality variation in demographic characteristics and measure the gender disparity in literacy and level of development in the municipality area. Based on the Census of India 2011 database, population density, average urban household size, sex ratio, child (0-6 years) sex ratio, and male and female literacy is analyzed. Descriptive statistics and gender disparity in literacy are measured using the disparity index (Kundu and Rao,1986). Many of the urban pockets in the municipality have a population under poor socioeconomic conditions. Several wards show a gender gap in work participation. There is a negative change in the sex ratio and child sex ratio. The average percentage share of the slum population to the total population has immensely increased. A large percentage of the urban population in Tamluk municipality shows a poor state.
Reshaping cities from smart to liveable: A taxonomy of measures
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Geography, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Jain Manvi , Sanyal Srabani ,   Professor, Department of Geography, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi
Published: August 2024

The quality of life is more important than life itself," poignantly emphasizes that mere exist-ence is not the ultimate goal; instead, the paramount aim is to attain a life characterized byhealth, happiness, and a high standard of living. Nevertheless, it is a stark reality that a substan-tial portion of the global population does not have the privilege of experiencing such a qualityof life. In pursuit of better opportunities and improved living conditions, people are drawn tourban centers, envisioning them as hubs of promise and growth. However, the rapid urbanizationresulting from this migration often leads to haphazard settlement patterns, unchecked popula-tion growth, and the inadvertent exacerbation of human-induced environmental issues. Theseurbanization-related challenges cast a shadow on various facets of urban living, including infra-structure, healthcare accessibility, energy consumption, waste management, and the resilienceof cities. Addressing these multifaceted challenges is pivotal in the quest to bridge the gapbetween mere existence and a life characterized by quality and well-being. The paper intends tocomprehend how the notion of livability has evolved since its inception. It also addresses thecomplex interplay between the quality of life, urbanization, sustainability, and smart city con-cepts. It seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of these issues and offer insights intohow to measure livability effectively in the context of Indian cities, given their unique chal-lenges and opportunities.
A study of noise induced health problems in Lucknow city, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur,Uttar Pradesh, Prasad Dipak
Published: August 2024

The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified noise pollution as the third most hazard-ous form of pollution, posing significant health risks in urban areas, following air and waterpollution. Prolonged noise exposure causes adverse health effects, including hypertension, anxi-ety, depression, hormonal imbalances, and elevated blood pressure, which can ultimately leadto heart problems. Lucknow city, in the Middle Gangetic Plain, faces exacerbated noise pollu-tion due to transport, industrial activities, and machinery. The rapid industrialization and urban-ization, coupled with an unplanned transport system, congested roads, the prevalence of oldervehicles, and high population density, have escalated the already dire situation to its peak in thecity. The study aims to assess the impact of noise on the health of the population. The primarydata was collected from 35 stations within study area. Both thematic mapping and perceptionstudies have been conducted to gain insights into the distribution pattern of noise pollution andits impact on health. The noise levels in the city exceed the standard limits across variouszones, including residential areas (55 dBA), commercial zones (65 dBA), industrial zones (75dBA), and even silence zones (50 dBA). A statistical analysis of health issues, such as hearingloss, mental disorders, heart problems, cholesterol levels, headaches, and nausea, has revealeda significant direct correlation between the prevalence of these problems and the noise levelswithin the study area.
COVID-19, nationwide lockdown, and migrant workers: A study from eastern India
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Ravenshaw University, Odisha, Ansary Rabiul , Hassan Mohammad Izhar ,   Professor (Retd.), Department of Geography, M. D. University, Rohtak-124001, Haryana
Published: August 2024

Being the second largest populous country in the world, India reports a volume of internalmigration that is as large as the population of European Union. This poses a serious challengebefore the policy makers in fight against contagious virus like Covid-19. The nation-widelockdown led to panic, and thousands of migrant workers and their dependents began a march onfoot towards their native place located hundreds of kilometres away. And what followed is hugehuman suffering including loss of life. Results suggest that male migrants accounted for around92 percent (3.3 million) of the total work/employment-related migration from the eastern re-gion. Work or employment-related reasons account for about 55 percent of males out-migrat-ing from the region to other parts of the country. In terms of absolute size, Bihar is the largestsource of migrant workers, followed by West Bengal and Odisha. Bihar alone contributes asmuch as 65 percent of all male out-migrants from the region for work or employment. Takingout-migration from eastern India as a case, an attempt is made here to looks into the vulnerabil-ity of migrant workers, and to critically evaluate the government approach to address the crisis.
Land degradation associated with coal mining in Salanpur block, Paschim Bardhaman district, West Bengal
Authors:   Teacher, PGT(Geography), Kendriya Vidyalaya, Narayanpur, Chattisgarh, Mahata Sangita , Sharma Vishwambhar Nath ,   Professor, Department of Geography, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi
Published: August 2024

This paper attempts to find out the land degradation is primarily a result of degradation of soil quality in Salanpur Block of Paschim Bardhaman District of West Bengal. Mining activities in Salanpur Block have created an acute threat to the soil quality of surrounding agriculture fields, which in turn has affected the soil ecosystem in the long run. No matter how binding environ- mental laws, plans, and policies are, a well-informed society is more likely to conserve the land than an ignorant one. Large amount of land in coal mining areas were wipe out every year due to pollution generated by opencast coal mining. Harmful toxic metals were settled down in agricultural field and abandoned areas with the help of blowing wind. Thus, people reside in and around the mining areas often complain about low yield productivity of crops each year. An open cast coal mine affects fertility of the surrounding land by enhances the dust particles in the local atmosphere severely. The samples were analyzed for PH, total nitrogen (N), extract- able zinc (Zn), extractable manganese (Mn), and extractable iron (Fe). Deficits of micronutri- ents in soils are usually assessed for the need to fertilize with micronutrients. Deficiencies develop below the optimum concentration, and toxicity develops above the optimum. The in- creasing productivity of agriculture has increased the demand for secondary and micro nutrients in soil fertility management as a result of intensification of agriculture, the use of straight fertilizers and rising crop requirements. In order to increase agricultural production, such as cereals, these nutrients are becoming increasingly important.
Rural tourism-an opportunity to achieve sustainable development goals: A study in Indian context
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Geography, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi., Halder Amita , Kumar Sanjay ,   Assistant Professor, Geography Section, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi.
Published: August 2024

According to UNWTO 2012 (United Nation World Tourism Organization), “Tourism has a great potential to accelerate progress across the Sustainable Development Goals” (SDGs). In India, rural tourism is one of the modern and emerging concepts, gaining popularity for playing a significant role in rural development. This is an alternative livelihood through which local people are getting social, economic, and cultural benefits. And, the Ministry of Tourism is also focusing on creating rural tourism projects. At present, Govt. of India has 107 rural tourism projects in 29 States which is an initiative towards AtmaNirbhar Bharat and Sustainable Development in rural areas of India. Many goals of Sustainable Development are directly and indirectly related to the objectives of rural tourism and the Govt. of India wants to rejuvenate this to gain self-economic growth after the COVID-19 outbreak. So, this paper focused on how sustainable development goals like gender equality; decent work, economic growth, etc. are connected with rural tourism. This paper is based on content analysis techniques and secondary data like reports from the Ministry of Tourism, reports on evaluation cum impact study of rural tourism projects (2011), India Tourism Statistics (2022), National Sample Survey Office report, and National Tourism Policies, Internet and Mobile Association of India report on homestay. The paper provides an overview of the connection of rural tourism and SDGs and how it is helping to achieve some sustainable development goals in India.
Legal Liaison
Authors: B.S Aswani  , Riyad A  , Harikrishnan S R
Published: August 2024

The Legal Liaison system is an innovative web-based application designed to transform the landscape of legal practice and management. By incorporating essential functionalities for various stakeholders including clients, advocates, law students, junior advocates, and administrative staff, this system significantly enhances the efficiency and effectiveness of legal services. This application facilitates easy interaction and management for users by providing a centralized platform for all legal activities. It supports client engagement, advocate-client communication, case management, and administrative oversight, ensuring a streamlined workflow for legal professionals. Additionally, it promotes the professional development of emerging legal talents through structured mentorship and resource sharing. By leveraging modern technology, the Legal Liaison system aims to simplify complex legal processes, foster better collaboration, and improve resource utilization, ultimately providing a more accessible and efficient legal service environment. This holistic approach ensures that all participants in the legal ecosystem can benefit from enhanced coordination and optimized legal practices The front end of the Legal Liaison system is built using React.js, ensuring a responsive and interactive user experience. The backend employs Express.js and Node.js to create a robust and scalable server-side environment. MongoDB acts as the database, offering flexible and scalable data storage. Combined, these technologies form a seamless and efficient platform for contemporary legal practice
Polineuropatije
Authors: Parlov Mladenka , Kuzmičić Sandra , Katić Ante , Čolić Antonela , Dujmović Dora , Vučina Diana
Published: August 2024

Polineuropatije su generalizirana, pretežito simetrična, bolest perifernih živaca, gdje patološke promjene i kliničke manifestacije započinju na distalnim dijelovima ekstremiteta, a potom se postupno šire na proksimalne dijelove. Dijele se: prema vrsti živčanih vlakana na motorne, senzorne, autonomne i miješane; prema tijeku na akutne, subakutne i kronične; prema vrsti oštećenja na aksonalne i demijelinizacijske; prema postanku na nasljedne i stečene. Najpoznatija nasljedna senzomotorička polineuropatija je Mb. Charcot Mariae-Tooth. Stečene polineuropatije imaju široki spektar uzroka te ih dijelimo na: metaboličke, toksične, jatrogene, upalne, autoimune, polineuropatije kod paraproteinemija, polineuropatije kod drugih sistemskih bolesti; polineuropatije zbog deficita vitamina (B1, B6, B12, E), kod malignih i infektivnih bolesti. Od stečenih polineuropatija najučestalija je dijabetička polineuropatija, koja se prezentira različitim oblicima, a najčešće se radi o distalnoj simetričnoj polineuropatiji debelih vlakana. U kliničkoj slici dominiraju simptomi i znakovi tipični za leziju donjeg motoneurona, a dijele se na negativne i pozitivne, te se razlikuju ovisno o vrsti zahvaćenih vlakana. Najčešće uključuju mišićnu slabost uz osjetne senzacije. Tipična je simetrična distribucija simptoma uz ispad osjeta na distalnim dijelovima ekstremiteta, po tipu „čarapa ili rukavica“. Dijagnoza se postavlja na temelju kliničke slike, tijeka bolesti, fizikalnog pregleda, laboratorijskih nalaza i elektrodijagnostičkog testiranja s elektromiografijom. Liječenje polineuropatija uključuje liječenje osnovne bolesti te ublažavanje simptoma povezanih s bolešću. Koriste se lijekovi, koji često imaju skromne učinke uz ozbiljne nuspojave. Stoga je vrlo važno nefarmakološko liječenje uz različite modalitete fizikalne terapije, među kojima središnje mjesto zauzima kineziterapija. Budućnost liječenja nasljednih polineuropatija ostaje genska terapija uz bolje razumijevanje genetike i biokemijskih procesa.
CO-OP Approach With Children and Youth With Executive Function Deficits After Acquired Brain Injury: A Qualitative Study of Care Partners’ Involvement
Authors: Dietrich Eleonore , Lebrault Helene , Chevignard Mathilde , Martini Rose
Published: August 2024

Importance: Care partners’ involvement is a key feature of the Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) approach that can enhance rehabilitation outcomes and promote the generalization and transfer of strategies and skills to everyday life. Gaining insight into care partners’ experience with their child’s CO-OP intervention is critical to understanding how to enhance care partners’ involvement.

Objective: To gain insight into the experience of care partners whose child with acquired brain injury (ABI) participated in CO-OP intervention.

Method: A qualitative descriptive research design was used. Semistructured interviews were conducted at three time points (immediate postintervention and at 2 and 6 mo postintervention).

Setting: Two rehabilitation centers.

Participants: Thirteen care partners of 12 children or youth with severe ABI.

Results: Three themes emerged from the analysis of 33 interviews: (1) The child is an active agent in their therapy, (2) the care partner is the keystone who helps solidify the elements of CO-OP, and (3) CO-OP mastery requires time and practice, and its use evolves over time.

Conclusions and Relevance: These themes highlight the progressive nature of proficiency in CO-OP for both care partners and children. This was evident not only in the children’s improvement in task performance, but also in their ability to problem solve. Care partners’ role in supporting the CO-OP approach also unfolds over time as their confidence in their child’s problem-solving abilities, and in their own ability to adequately provide guidance, increases. Engagement seems to be central in facilitating this progression for both children and their care partners.

Plain-Language Summary: This is the first study to provide insights into the involvement of care partners in the Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) approach for children and youth with executive function deficits after acquired brain injury. This is also the first study to explore the evolution of care partners’ experiences over time. Involving care partners is a key feature of the CO-OP. Understanding care partners’ experiences with their child’s CO-OP intervention can improve a child’s rehabilitation outcomes. The study found that care partners’ role in supporting their child’s CO-OP approach improved over time as their confidence in their child’s problem-solving abilities increased. The care partners’ own ability to adequately provide guidance to their child also increased over time. Engagement seems to be central in facilitating this progression for both children and their care partners. It is hoped that occupational therapists will consider the findings of this study to better support care partners in implementing the CO-OP approach with their child in their real-life context.
Analisis Dampak Dari Penggunaan Gawai Pada Anak Usia Dini Di Sekitar Rumah
Authors: Lase Putri Nadila , Siregar Mhd.Fuad Zaini
Published: August 2024

ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) refers to the broad category of technological tools used to process and communicate information. Gawais are one part of ICT that plays a crucial role in early childhood development. Advancements in media and technology present challenges to children's growth. This study uses qualitative methods with data collection technique to process it as research material. This data is sourced from several relevant journals, then selected, processed, presented, discussed, and finally complied into a single conclusion. There are various negative impacts that can affect children's health, development, safety, behavior, concentration, and brain function. Early childhood education aims to stimulate all aspects of a child's development by providing enjoyable play activities that support the integration of their abilities optimally. Language development in early childhood plays a central role in their lives. However, the use of Gawais can influence children's language skills, sosial interaction, health, information acquisition, and knowledge. These skills typically develop through a series of stages including habituation, listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Parents play a crucial role in monitoring, controlling, and observing children's activities to ensure their optimal growth.
Finding Out Internal Challenges Influencing Ugandan SMEs Exporting Agro-Processed Products.
Authors: Jackline Abenanye , Wanyama Prof. Fr. Simeon
Published: August 2024

This study sought to find out challenges facing Ugandan Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) exporting agro-processed products in Uganda. The main objective was specifically on internal challenges. The study adopted the mixed methodology design on a sample of 48 using a self-administered questionnaires and an interview guide. Data were analysed using both quantitative and qualitative data methods. The study revealed that internal Capital Base (Mean=4.145), Sales and Price Trends (Mean=3.262), Reliable Supply of Resources (Mean=3.105) and Reliable Overseas Market (Mean=3.72) and Insufficient Production Capacity (Mean=3.351) are the challenges influencing Ugandan SMEs exporting agro-processed products. Regression analysis revealed that the coefficient of determination (r2) had value of 0.539 which implies that independent variables under internal challenges explain 53.9% influence on SMEs exportation of agro-processed goods. It was therefore concluded that, both internal and external challenges hinder SMEs from exploiting the available opportunities in the external markets for their agro-processed products. Therefore, the study recommended, there is an urgent need to improve agricultural statistics, for both the public and private sector actors to better plan policies, interventions and investments in the field of agro-processing and to be in a position to accurately monitor progress, impact and outcomes.
Lithostratigraphic Interpretation, Geotemperature Analysis, and Hydrocarbon Windows Determination in Seloken Field, Chad Basin, Northeastern Nigeria
Authors: Okey Akpunonu, Eliseus
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study is to interpret the lithostratigraphic units, analyze geotemperature and determine the hydrocarbon windows in the Seloken Field. Gamma-ray logs and formation tops were used to interpret the lithostratigraphic units. Corrected bottom hole temperature (BHT) data from the wells were used to calculate the geothermal gradients. A formular was derived from the geothermal gradient equation to analyze the geotemperature. Another formular was derived from the geotemperature equation to obtain the hydrocarbon windows. Five major lithostratigraphic units were interpreted. They are: Bima and Gongila Formations, Fika Shale, Kerri-Kerri and Chad Formations…The calculated geothermal gradients range from 3.4oC/100m to 4.0oC/100m, with an average of 3.65oC/100m and the standard deviation of 0.01oC/100m. The temperature of shale units of the formations at various depths calculated from the geotemperature equation range from 30.99oC to 202.45oC. This shows that some of the shale units are thermally mature to cook petroleum The oil window calculated from the derived geomathematical equation is between 1178.1m and 2457.95m, while the gas window is from 2457.95m to 5424.7m. The boundary between the two windows is at 2457.95m. The results above were used to generate a hypothetical model for the hydrocarbon windows. The model indicates that the shale units are within the diagenesis and catagenesis phases. This work provides mathematical methods of source rock thermal maturity evaluation to complement geochemical methods. The outcome is a very important tool, which can be applied to other fields and sedimentary basins in hydrocarbon exploration.
A Survey Examining the Impact of Exhaust Emissions from the Cement Factory on Residents
Authors: Oluwafunmilola Olubiyi Adenike , Opeyimika Olajide Oluwamayowa , Sunday Olayemi Michael
Published: August 2024

This study used a thorough analysis that combined descriptive statistics and inferential techniques to investigate the effects of exhaust emissions from the cement factory on the local population. Out of the 200 questionnaires that were issued, 196 were successfully retrieved and used as the foundation for the study that follows. According to the data, a significant number of inhabitants have cardiovascular and pulmonary conditions. The two most often reported diseases were asthma (52%), followed by heart disease (27%), skin cancer (12.2%), and diarrhea (8.8%). Air pollution was cited as the most prevalent type of pollution by the majority of respondents (48.9%), followed by land pollution (28.7%), water pollution (12.7%), and noise pollution (9.7%). The study’s findings clearly demonstrate that emissions from the Dangote Cement factory significantly impact the health of nearby residents, particularly those living within close proximity. Effective mitigation measures, particularly the enforcement of strict environmental regulations and the adoption of cleaner technologies, are essential to reduce the adverse effects of the factory’s operations on the community. Eighty percent of residents said they cope by living with the effects, while a smaller proportion chose to migrate (8.5%), complain to health authorities (7.5%), or protest (4%). Beyond that, solving the health and environmental issues the cement mill poses requires more community involvement and support for impacted residents.
UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA SOBRE DERMATITE ATÓPICA NA PEDIATRIA: ASPECTOS CLÍNICOS E TERAPÊUTICOS
Authors: Oliveira Thaysa Renata Jorge , Luna Xênia Ricarte Araújo , Fonseca Bárbara Souza , Berssane Nathália Pagani Buisa , Faria Ivan Aurélio Fortuna Kalil de
Published: August 2024

Introdução: A dermatite atópica (DA) é uma condição inflamatória crônica da pele, altamente prevalente na infância, que impacta significativamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes e suas famílias. A variabilidade clínica e os desafios diagnósticos tornam seu manejo complexo. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é revisar a literatura recente sobre os aspectos clínicos, diagnósticos e terapêuticos da dermatite atópica na pediatria. Métodos: Foi realizada uma busca sistemática na literatura científica entre 2009 e 2024 nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus e Google Scholar. Foram incluídos 17 estudos que abordaram os aspectos etiológicos, diagnósticos e terapêuticos da DA em crianças. Resultados e Discussão: A prevalência da DA varia globalmente, sendo mais alta em países desenvolvidos. O diagnóstico é desafiador devido à variabilidade clínica, mas avanços em biomarcadores e técnicas de imagem têm melhorado a acurácia diagnóstica. O manejo terapêutico evoluiu com a introdução de terapias biológicas, enquanto a educação dos cuidadores é essencial para o sucesso a longo prazo. O diagnóstico precoce e a personalização do tratamento são cruciais para a eficácia terapêutica. Conclusão: A dermatite atópica na pediatria requer uma abordagem integrada e multidisciplinar. O avanço nas terapias e a educação dos cuidadores são fundamentais para melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes, destacando a importância da pesquisa contínua e do desenvolvimento de novas estratégias terapêuticas.
Advances in Land Surface Model-based Forecasting: A Comparison of LSTM, Gradient Boosting, and Feedforward Neural Networks as Prognostic State Emulators in a Case Study with ECLand
Authors: Wesselkamp Marieke , Chantry Matthew , Pinnington Ewan , Choulga Margarita , Boussetta Souhail , Kalweit Maria , Bödecker Joschka , Dormann Carsten F. , Pappenberger Florian , Balsamo Gianpaolo
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Most useful weather prediction for the public is near the surface. The processes that are most relevant for near-surface weather prediction are also those that are most interactive and exhibit positive feedback or have key role in energy partitioning. Land surface models (LSMs) consider these processes together with surface heterogeneity and forecast water, carbon and energy fluxes, and coupled with an atmospheric model provide boundary and initial conditions. This numerical parametrization of atmospheric boundaries being computationally expensive, statistical surrogate models are increasingly used to accelerated progress in experimental research. We evaluated the efficiency of three surrogate models in speeding up experimental research by simulating land surface processes, which are integral to forecasting water, carbon, and energy fluxes in coupled atmospheric models. Specifically, we compared the performance of a Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) encoder-decoder network, extreme gradient boosting, and a feed-forward neural network within a physics-informed multi-objective framework. This framework emulates key states of the ECMWF's Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) land surface scheme, ECLand, across continental and global scales. Our findings indicate that while all models on average demonstrate high accuracy over the forecast period, the LSTM network excels in continental long-range predictions when carefully tuned, the XGB scores consistently high across tasks and the MLP provides an excellent implementation-time-accuracy trade-off. The runtime reduction achieved by the emulators in comparison to the full numerical models are significant, offering a faster, yet reliable alternative for conducting numerical experiments on land surfaces.
Global DEM Product Generation by Correcting ASTER GDEM Elevation with ICESat-2 Altimeter Data
Authors: Li Binbin , Xie Huan , Liu Shijie , Ye Zhen , Hong Zhonghua , Weng Qihao , Sun Yuan , Xu Qi , Tong Xiaohua
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Advancements in scientific inquiry and practical applications have put forward a higher demand for the accuracy of global digital elevation models (GDEMs), especially for GDEMs whose main data source is optical imagery. To address this challenge, integrating GDEM and satellite laser altimeter data (global coverage and high-accuracy ranging) is one of the important research directions, in addition to the technological enhancement of the main data source. In this paper, we describe the datasets and algorithms used to generate a GDEM product (IC2-GDEM) by correcting ASTER GDEM elevation data with ICESat-2 altimeter data. The algorithm scheme presents the details of the strategies used for the various challenges, such as the processing of DEM boundaries, the fusion of the different data, the geographical layout of the satellite laser altimeter data, etc. We used a high-accuracy global elevation control point dataset and multiple high-accuracy local DEMs as the validation data for a comprehensive assessment at a global scale. The results from the validation comparison present that the elevation accuracy of IC2-GDEM is evidently superior to that of the ASTER GDEM product. The root-mean-square error (RMSE) reduction ratio of the corrected GDEM elevation is between 16 % and 82 %, and the average reduction ratio is about 47 %. From the analysis of the different topographies and land covers, it was also found that this error reduction is effective even in areas with high topographic relief (>15°) and high vegetation cover (>60 %). ASTER GDEM has been in use for more than a decade, and many historical datasets and models are based on its elevation data. IC2-GDEM facilitates seamless integration with these historical datasets, which is essential for longitudinal studies examining long-term environmental change, land use dynamics, and climate impacts. Meanwhile, IC2-GDEM can serve as a new complementary data source to existing DEMs (Copernicus DEM, etc.) mainly sourced from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) observation. By cross-validating qualities, filling data gaps, conducting multi-scale analyses,etc., it can lead to more reliable and comprehensive scientific discoveries, thereby improving the overall quality and reliability of earth science research. IC2-GDEM product is openly released via https://doi.org/10.11888/RemoteSen.tpdc.301229 (Xie et al., 2024).
Correction to: Lipman, Francine J. “Taxing Undocumented Immigrants Redux.”
Authors: Fields Jordan M.
Published: August 2024

The use of the incorrect spelling of Sarah Lora’s name “Sara” versus the correct spelling “Sarah” appeared three times throughout the article. Changes have been made to replace “Sara” with “Sarah” in three instances. The original article can be found via the DOI https://doi.org/10.5195/taxreview.2024.232
АКТУАЛЬНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО РОЗУМІННЯ ОБ’ЄКТА СКЛАДІВ КРИМІНАЛЬНИХ ПРАВОПОРУШЕНЬ, ЩО ПОСЯГАЮТЬ НА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ДЕРЖАВНИХ ТА ГРОМАДСЬКИХ ДІЯЧІВ
Authors: Федишин Ілона Мар’янівна
Published: August 2024

Стаття висвітлює комплексне дослідження актуальних питань щодо об’єкта складів кримінальних правопорушень, що посягають на діяльність державних та громадських діячів в Україні. В статті загально згадано проблему визначення об'єкта складу кримінального правопорушення в українському кримінальному праві. Аналізуючи різні концепції до визначення об'єкта кримінального правопорушення, автор вказує на відсутність єдиного підходу до цього питання в законодавстві. Зазначено, що поки що в Кримінальному кодексі України не закріплено поняття «об'єкт складу кримінального правопорушення», хоча у проекті нового КК України таке положення передбачено. В статті аналітично та критично узагальнено напрацювання науки кримінального права щодо об’єкта складів кримінальних правопорушень передбачених ст. 112, ч. 2 ст. 163, ст. 344, ст. 346, ст. 351, ст. 351-1, ст. 351-2 КК України. Наголошено на значущості концепції національної безпеки в умовах реального злочину агресії та зазначено позицію автора на визначення поняття «національна безпека». Особлива увага приділяється законодавчим ініціативам щодо вдосконалення кримінального законодавства з охорони державної та громадської діяльності. Вперше обґрунтовану характеристику об’єкта (загального, родового і безпосереднього) складів кримінальних правопорушень, що посягають на діяльність державних та громадських діячів подано комплексно, а не щодо окремої статті КК України. Автор вказує також на недоліки в положеннях кримінального законодавства (в контексті кримінальних правопорушень проти державного та громадського діяча), пропонує шляхи їх вирішення. Підкреслено важливість правового захисту діяльності державних та громадських діячів у контексті сучасних викликів і загроз. Висновки автора підкріплені науковими джерелами. Висновки статті є внеском у сучасну теорію кримінального права та застосування їх в практичній діяльності.
ЕТАПИ РОЗРОБЛЕННЯ ПРОЕКТУ НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВОГО АКТА
Authors: Міловська Надія Василівна
Published: August 2024

У статті визначено основні етапи розроблення проекту нормативно-правового акта як важливої стадії правотворчого процесу та здійснено їх характеристику. Встановлено, що нормативно-правові акти є вагомим засобом для врегулювання суспільних відносин, вирішення завдань та реалізації функцій держави. Тому важливо, щоб їх зміст відповідав принципу правової визначеності, який є основою для їх однакового застосування, що робить суспільні відносини стабільними. Від рівня правової визначеності залежить і рівень правової безпеки в державі, адже нечіткість, двозначність, суперечливість норм права призводить до зниження ефективності правового регулювання. Обґрунтовано, що одним із важливих питань, що потребують подальшого наукового вивчення з метою впорядкування правотворчої діяльності та удосконалення правового регулювання суспільних відносин в контексті євроінтеграційних процесів в Україні, є питання ефективного, якісного та послідовного розроблення проектів нормативно-правовових актів, дотримання вимог нормопроектної техніки. Встановлено, що розроблення проекту нормативно-правового акта має включати такі етапи: 1) підготовка тексту проекту нормативно-правового акта, пояснювальної записки та інших супровідних документів до нього; 2) здійснення оцінки впливу проекту нормативно-правового акта на суспільні відносини з викладенням її результатів у пояснювальній записці; 3) здійснення оцінки відповідності проекту нормативно-правового акта зобов’язанням України у сфері європейської інтеграції та праву Європейського Союзу (acquis ЄС); 4) організаційно-технічне забезпечення підготовки проекту нормативно-правового акта; 5) проведення публічних консультацій (крім випадків, передбачених законом); 6) погодження проекту нормативно- правового акта з відповідними органами державної влади, органами місцевого самоврядування у випадках, встановлених законом. При цьому акцентовано увагу на тому, що під час дії в Україні воєнного стану суб’єкти правотворчої діяльності можуть приймати (видавати) нормативно-правові акти без дотримання таких етапів розроблення проекту нормативно-правового акту, як: здійснення оцінки впливу проекту нормативно-правового акта на суспільні відносини з викладенням її результатів у пояснювальній записці; організаційно-технічне забезпечення підготовки проекту нормативно-правового акта; проведення публічних консультацій. Зроблено висновок, що чітко налагоджена нормотворча технологія здатна забезпечити не тільки належну якість i ефективність нормативно-правових актів, але й забезпечити їх позитивний вплив на політичні, економічні та соціальні процеси, що відбуваються в державі.
ЗАКОНОДАВЧЕ УПУЩЕННЯ: НОРМАТИВНІ ТА ДОКТРИНАЛЬНІ АСПЕКТИ РОЗУМІННЯ, ВИЯВЛЕННЯ ТА УСУНЕННЯ
Authors: Колодій Анатолій Миколайович , Тернавська Вікторія Миколаївна
Published: August 2024

У конституційно-правовій теорії і практиці відсутність чи неналежне правове регулювання суспільних відносин називають законодавчою прогалиною, законодавчим упущенням, законодавчим вакуумом тощо. У статті досліджується сутність категорії «законодавче упущення» та його співвідношення з суміжним поняттям «юридична прогалина», що по суті становлять вади правотворчості. Вважається, що законодавче упущення не можна ототожнювати із законодавчою прогалиною, оскільки законодавче упущення існує у сфері функціонування найбільш важливих суспільних відносин, тому являє собою конституційний делікт, що полягає в порушенні Конституції України, а тому не може бути подолане шляхом тлумачення конституційних норм та принципів. Автори, виходячи з аналізу конституційно-правової теорії і практики, визначають законодавче упущення як порушення конституційних норм і принципів, яке виражається у незабезпеченні уповноваженими суб’єктами законодавчого підґрунтя для функціонування ефективного юридичного механізму з метою належного унормування найбільш важливих суспільних відносин, необхідність врегулювання яких прямо вимагається або передбачена Конституцією України. Законодавчі упущення виявляються не тільки у процесі професійної діяльності Конституційного Суду України, судів у системі судоустрою України, але й під час доктринального пізнання юридичних явищ. Робиться висновок, що законодавче упущення не може бути повністю подолане шляхом тлумачення конституційних норм та принципів, оскільки Верховна Рада України є єдиним органом законодавчої влади в Україні, однак Конституційний Суд України може і зобов’язаний констатувати наявність законодавчих упущень у правовому регулюванні.
ТЕОРЕТИКО-ПРАВОВІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ОЦІНКИ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ НОРМ ПРАВА
Authors: Купіна Людмила Францівна
Published: August 2024

У статті проаналізовано теоретико-правові підходи до оцінки ефективності реалізації норми права. Розкрито значення емпіричних даних та наукових досліджень у формуванні категоріального апарату ефективності норм права та ефективності законодавства. Проведено аналіз положень Закону України «Про правотворчу діяльність», яким вперше з метою оцінки ефективності реалізації нормативно-правового акта впроваджено процедуру правового моніторингу. Обґрунтовано, що при проведенні оцінки ефективності реалізації норми права доцільним є врахування суб’єктивних та об’єктивних обставин, в умовах яких здійснюється правореалізація. Доведено, що під час оцінки реалізації ефективності норми права, визначається ступінь впливу нормативно-правового акта на сферу суспільних відносин, що відображається у кількісних та якісних показниках. Визначено, що кількісний показник формує уяву про фактичну та економічну ефективність реалізації норми, а якісний про її обґрунтованість, доцільність та корисність при врегулюванні суспільних відносин. Застосування вказаних показників при оцінці впливу нормативно-правового акта створить можливість встановити співвідношення між цілю норми права і змістом правових норм, що важливо для забезпечення якості законодавства.
A hipótese estética como salvação do belo: interlocuções entre Ronald Dworkin e Byun-Chul Han a partir da interpretação construtiva e da equanimidade
Authors: Meira Oliveira Fernando de Cássia , Quinaud Pedron Flavio
Published: August 2024

The present study aims to analyze the importance of constructive interpretation advocated by the North American philosopher Ronald Dworkin, based on the understanding of the different interpretative modalities focused on art and which can be applied to Law. With this, we proceed to explain the Gadamerian influences in Dworkin’s tradition of thought, which lead him to also use the work of art as a paradigm of interpretation. It is also intended, through bibliographic and phenomenological-hermeneutic methods, to uncover the concept of aesthetic hypothesis developed by Dworkin and how this category of thought can enable a dialogue about the beauty of his “salvation” from the perspective of the southern philosopher -Korean Byung-Chul Han, presenting the general lines of this contemporary philosopher’s thought.
Desafiando e distinguindo precedentes e padrões decisórios: o caso da progressão de servidor público e dos limites da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal (RESP 1878849)
Authors: Faviero Trindade Jonas , Müller Bitencourt Caroline
Published: August 2024

This article studies interpretative paradigms in law, especially precedents and standard decisions. Special Appeal-RESP No. 1878849 was selected, in which it is argued that the functional progressions of civil servants are not prevented when personnel expenses exceed the limits of the Fiscal Responsibility Law, for the hermeneutical exercise of demonstrating that a judicial manifestation can be both a precedent and a standard decision, depending on the context of subsequent cases. The general objective is to contribute to understanding the operationalization of these interpretative paradigms, based on Law as Integrity. The problem addressed is: what challenges and distinctions could RESP No. 1878849 be subjected to, considering that decision as a binding standard decision in the first case and precedent in the second? It was concluded that paradigms can be challenged, and it is relevant to think about ways of dealing with an instrument created to prevail in the face of its formally binding effectiveness, such as the standard decision. In addition, the paradigms studied are distinguishable, but the standard decision formed in a repetitive special appeal is aimed at identical legal issues (so that the absence of identity indicates a distinction), while the precedent requires a more sophisticated hermeneutical effort.
(In)admissibilidade do exame de gravidez na demissão: Análise a partir da normatividade concreta em Müller e da ponderação em Alexy
Authors: Fernandes Silva Ariadna , Rocha Dias Eduardo
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this work is to compare the theories of Friedrich Müller and Robert Alexy on the interpretation and application of fundamental rights standards, in the light of a specific case judged by the Superior Labor Court (TST) on the possibility of requiring a pregnancy test when an employee is dismissed. The theoretical conceptions adopted by these scholars differ. Müller proposes a gradual construction of normativity based on textual elements and reality. Alexy develops a law of collision and balancing of principles in the specific case. As a research problem, there is the discussion about the TST’s decision in light of the theories of Müller and Alexy and the absence of a prohibition in the law. The aim is to verify which theoretical perspective is used by the decision examined. The methodology involves interdisciplinary research, bringing together theory and praxis in the articulation of philosophy, constitutional and labor law, with documentary and bibliographic analysis, in addition to scientific, dialectical and inductive approach methods. As expected results, we seek to present an epistemological awareness of the importance of adopting an adequate theory of legal norms and the performance of state functions, based on the examination of the concrete situation decided by the TST.
PENGATURAN PENGGUNAAN DANA DESA BERDASARKAN UU HKPD
Authors: Jenar Saptono , Nurlaela Luthfiyah , Sabil M. Asnawi , Ganmawati Aisyah , Ma'ani Hasman
Published: August 2024

Sejak UU 6/2014 tentang Desa (UU Desa) diterbitkan, maka ditentukan bahwa salah satu instrumen pendapatan desa adalah Dana Desa yang bersumber dari APBN. Dalam perkembangannya saat ini, Dana Desa telah dijadikan sebagai salah satu jenis TKD sebagaimana diatur dalam UU 1/22 tentang HKPD (UU HKPD). Ratio legis pengaturan Dana Desa sebagai salah satu TKD dalam UU HKPD merupakan bukti keberpihakan negara dan pengakuan serta penghormatan negara kepada desa sesuai dengan ketentuan Pasal 18B ayat (2) UUD NRI Tahun 1945. Untuk melaksanakan pengaturan Dana Desa berdasarkan UU HKPD, maka diterbitkan PP 37/2023, PMK 146/2023, Permendesa PDTT 7/2023 dan Permendesa PDTT 13/2023 sebagai peraturan pelaksana dari UU HKPD. Sementara itu, dalam hal menentukan arah kebijakan pengaturan rincian prioritas penggunaan Dana Desa ditentukan untuk pencapaian SDGs Desa sesuai dengan Permendesa PDTT 21/2020 jo Permendesa PDTT 6/2023. Berkenaan dengan politik hukum pengaturan rincian prioritas penggunaan Dana Desa, baik di bidang pembangunan desa maupun pemberdayaan masyarakat desa pada prinsipnya telah mencerminkan politik hukum pembangunan nasional sebagaimana diatur dalam UU RPJPN 2005-2025 dan untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan umum sesuai tujuan negara sebagaimana tercantum dalam Alinea ke-IV UUD NRI Tahun 1945.
Urgency of District Head’s Policy in the Implementation of the Use of Trotoar and Edge of the “Jalan Bj Habibie” In Bone Bolango District of Gorontalo
Authors: Muda Lisdawati
Published: August 2024

This article analyzes the right policies to avoid the occurrence of criminalization, traffic congestion, environmental cleanliness that is not maintained and irresponsible behaviour along the sidewalks and curbs of Prof. B.J Habibie, Bone Bolango district. The policy of the regional head in making the function of the roadside and sidewalk useful for the community is a necessity or a necessity to protect the public from the disturbance of security, comfort, and order. No matter how good the existence of roads and sidewalks without being supported by government policies in their utilization, it will not guarantee the comfort of the user community, because, without a policy that guarantees safety and comfort for users and the community, the facilities built will bring disaster to the community and facility users.

Keywords: policy, district head, public facility, road facility, Bone Bolango