bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theologians, Theologies, Church
Authors: Noceti Serena
Published: January 2023

Women are a central subject in the process of the reception of Vatican II. This chapter examines the factors and phases in the affirmation and recognition of women as full subjects in the post-conciliar Church through the lens of feminist theologies. Women’s appropriation of an authoritative, competent public voice is translated into visibility and strategic importance in theological discourses. In terms of a methodological framework and themes addressed, feminist theologies demonstrate their acceptance of the lesson of Vatican II while broadening its perspectives—in recognition of the specificity of human beings’ and believers’ sex and gender (dealt with in conciliar documents with universalizing and apparently neutral anthropological models)—and pointing out possible ways to further the necessary reform of ecclesial structures.
Reception of Vatican II in Asia
Authors: Kochuthara Shaji George
Published: January 2023

Asian churches enthusiastically received Vatican II in all areas of their life. However, in certain areas, the reception of the council is more evident, including ecclesiology; dialogue with religions, cultures, and the poor; renewal of the Eastern churches; greater participation of the laity; and a renewed understanding of mission. Immediately after the council, Asian churches initiated a process of serious study and assimilation of its teaching. The Federation of Asian Bishops’ Conferences (FABC) played a vital role in the reception of the council in Asia. The theology of the ‘local churches’ and the triple dialogue that the FABC underlines is key to understanding the Asian reception of Vatican II. The council’s Decree on the Catholic Churches of the Eastern Rite, Orientalium Ecclesiarum, also had a special influence on Asia.
The Methodist Reception of Vatican II
Authors: Carter David
Published: January 2023

This chapter briefly surveys Methodist–Catholic relations before Vatican II. It then looks at developing Methodist reactions to the council through the lens of the Methodist observers, giving special attention to the reactions of Albert Outler, widely seen as the doyen of the observers. It refers to the complexity of post-conciliar reception of the council, taking particular account of the variety within world Methodism and the difficulty of distinguishing between developments specifically due to the council and those resulting from more general ecumenical influences. The chapter then looks at the reception of certain decrees, most notably the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church and the Decree on Ecumenism. It stresses the reception of the latter through the dialogues, the importance of which is outlined. It treats briefly other decrees, noting the consonance of certain Catholic and Methodist insights and emphases, and concludes with a summary of future prospects.
Reformed Reception of Vatican II
Authors: Norwood Donald W.
Published: January 2023

This chapter explores the reception and influence of both the event of Second Vatican Council and its documents in the life of the Reformed churches and in their relationship with the Catholic Church. Some of the best qualified and most ecumenically committed Reformed theologians served as participant observers at the council, where they contributed in significant ways to the debates. They would testify that the experience of the council event itself was far more ecumenical than the printed documents. Most of their criticism of the various drafts and final texts was very positive and constructive, intended to aid the process of perpetual reform of which, the council admits, the Church always has need. Vatican II’s renewal of the liturgy, its ecclesiology, and its Decree on Ecumenism established a new context for Reformed–Catholic relations.
Faith Formation in Light of Vatican II
Authors: Regan Jane E.
Published: January 2023

Gravissimum Educationis, the document of Vatican II that most explicitly addresses Catholic education, attends primarily to Catholic schools. At the same time, that document and this chapter look to the broader context of continuing the Christian tradition across generations. Two key motifs present in the documents of the council serve as the framework for tracing the contemporary understanding of faith formation of adults, youth, and children as it has evolved in the decades following Vatican II: (1) theological anthropology with the emphasis on the human being as graced, as relational, and as called to solidarity with all of the created order, particularly the most vulnerable and the oppressed; and (2) evangelization as the fundamental mission of the Church and all its members. Tracing the implications of these two themes, this chapter includes implications for catechesis/faith formation and sets out questions that shape the future of religious education.
Five-year cardiovascular event risk in early rheumatoid arthritis patients who received treat-to-target management: a case-control study
Authors: Lam Tsz On , Cheng Isaac T , Lam Steven H , Mok Chi Chiu , Ho Carmen T , Cheung Tommy T , Lao Virginia W , Pang Hin Ting , To Chi Hung , Yim Cheuk Wan , Ng Alexandra , Kwok Kitty Y , Lee Ka Lai , Ying Shirley K , Wan Man Choi , Lee Jolly M , Tam Lai-Shan
Published: January 2023

Objectives

This study explored whether the excess cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) risk in RA could be ameliorated by suppression of inflammation using a treat-to-target (T2T) approach. We compared the CV event (CVE) incidence among ERA patients managed by a T2T strategy with a CV risk factor-matched non-RA population and a historical RA cohort (HRA).

Methods

This was an observational study using the city-wide hospital data and the ERA registry. ERA patients received T2T management while HRA patients received routine care. Each ERA/HRA patient was matched to three non-RA controls according to age, gender and CV risk factors. Patients on antiplatelet/anticoagulant agents, with pre-existing CVD, chronic kidney disease or other autoimmune diseases were excluded. All subjects were followed for up to 5 years. The primary end point was the first occurrence of a CVE.

Results

The incidence of CVE in the ERA cohort (n = 261) and ERA controls were similar with a hazard ratio of 0.53 (95% CI 0.15, 1.79). In contrast, the incidence of CVE in the HRA cohort (n = 268) was significantly higher than that of the HRA controls with a hazard ratio of 1.9 (95% CI 1.16, 3.13). The incidence of CVE in the ERA cohort was significantly lower than that of the HRA cohort and the difference became insignificant after adjusting for inflammation, the use of methotrexate and traditional CV risk factors.

Conclusion

ERA patients managed by a T2T strategy did not develop excess CVE compared with CV risk factor-matched controls over 5 years.
An update on expanding HIV preexposure prophylaxis
Authors: Baker Jonathan , Rolls Joanne
Published: January 2023

HIV continues to affect certain populations disproportionately, including sexual and gender minorities, racial/ethnic minorities, and populations with limited resources in southern US states. New CDC guidelines include a recommendation to discuss HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with all sexually active patients, which is likely to expand use. The guidelines also include important changes in PrEP monitoring and address PrEP telehealth. The FDA approved the first non-oral PrEP, long-acting injectable cabotegravir, in late 2021. However, PrEP continues to be underused. This article describes how to better employ PrEP in light of these recent significant changes.
Whither the PA doctorate?
Authors: Cawley James F. , Kayingo Gerald , Kulo Violet
Published: January 2023

New perspectives have been brought to bear in the discussion of the topic of the physician associate/assistant (PA) doctoral degree in general and the entry-level PA doctorate in particular. Both the Physician Assistant Education Association (PAEA) and the American Academy of Physician Associates (AAPA) have sought and supported formal research investigations into the question. Evidence from studies shows that perceived benefits and risks are strongly influenced by the lens of the various stakeholders; that most PAs believe that the master's degree is enough for clinical practice; and that most clinical PAs and PA students are not in favor of an entry-level doctorate. Lessons learned from other healthcare professions that have transitioned to a clinical doctorate only marginally serve as a model for the PA profession. PA organizations need to fully own and embrace the task of leading the discussion and reaching a definitive conclusion in the determination of PA doctoral education. Failure of the PA profession to act decisively on the doctoral degree question would essentially default this decision to colleges and universities, which tend to have a vested economic interest in new types of degrees.
Recognizing the Role of the Adult-Gerontology NP
Authors: Henson Autumn , Peacock Amanda , Blakely Kala , Maes Cheryl , DiGiulio Mary , Henderson MJ
Published: January 2023

Whether certified in acute or primary care, AGNPs are prepared for many practice settings.
What's the Future of Hospital at Home in the United States?
Authors: Molyneux Jacob
Published: January 2023

Sustainable and equitable payment structures are urgently needed for this promising acute care model.
Perianesthesia Nursing
Authors: Baker Alphonzo Cortez
Published: January 2023

These nurses care for patients before and after surgery.
Strategies for Reducing Opioid Deaths
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S.
Published: January 2023

The Food and Drug Administration supports four strategies to decrease opioid deaths: supporting primary prevention; encouraging harm reduction; advancing development of evidence-based treatments for substance use disorders; and protecting the public from unapproved, diverted, or counterfeit drugs that present overdose risks.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has updated its guidelines for opioid prescribing.
New Dupilumab Indication for Rare Skin Disease
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S.
Published: January 2023

Dupilumab (Dupixent) has been approved for the treatment of prurigo nodularis, a rare skin disease.

Nurses should teach patients how to administer the drug subcutaneously using the prefilled syringe and how to discard the used syringe.
First Drug for Treating Hepatorenal Syndrome
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S.
Published: January 2023

Terlipressin (Terlivaz) has been approved as the first drug to treat hepatorenal syndrome.

The drug may cause serious or fatal respiratory failure. Nurses should confirm that patients have an oxygen saturation level by pulse oximetry of at least 90% in order to start therapy.
A Case of Confusion and Bradycardia
Authors: Kupchik Nicole , Green Joel
Published: January 2023

Editor's note: This is the next installment in a series on electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation. Nurses in all settings should know the basics, as medications and physiological changes can cause cardiac arrhythmias. Each article will start with a brief case scenario and an ECG strip and then take you step by step through analyzing the heart rhythm.
Remotely Delivered Care Program Reduces CV Risk Factors in Diverse Populations
Authors: Rosenberg Karen
Published: January 2023

According to this study:

Enrollment in a remotely delivered hypertension and cholesterol management program was associated with a reduction in blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in a heterogeneous patient population.

The navigator-led, pharmacist-supported program could serve as a model for enhancing access, patient engagement, and health outcomes in racial, ethnic, and primary language populations historically underserved in health care.
Implementing trauma-informed care across the lifespan to acknowledge childhood adverse event prevalence
Authors: Zarnello Lisa
Published: January 2023

Adverse childhood experiences and toxic stress in childhood have been correlated with negative physical and mental health outcomes, poor social outcomes, and early mortality. Understanding the prevalence of trauma and its effects on lifelong health outcomes has been the focus of an evolving concept of care delivery known as trauma-informed care (TIC). The aim of this article is to provide a general overview of TIC and to review current best-practice recommendations and models of care, thereby providing NPs with practical ways to empower a trauma-informed approach to care in their daily practice setting.
Current and emerging vein identification technology for phlebotomy and peripheral I.V. cannulation
Authors: Kaganovskaya Marcel , Capitulo Kathleen Leask , Wuerz Lorelle
Published: January 2023

New, evidence-based technologies can improve venous access for phlebotomy and I.V. insertion, especially in patients with difficult I.V. access. This article discusses adjunctive vein access tools that can improve the success of first-time blood draws and peripheral I.V. insertion.
Anaesthesia and environment: impact of a green anaesthesia on economics
Authors: Kampman Jasper M. , Sperna Weiland Nicolaas H.
Published: January 2023

Purpose of review

The excessive growth of the health sector has created an industry that, while promoting health, is now itself responsible for a significant part of global environmental pollution. The health crisis caused by climate change urges us to transform healthcare into a sustainable industry. This review aims to raise awareness about this issue and to provide practical and evidence-based recommendations for anaesthesiologists.

Recent findings

We offer seven recommendations for anaesthesiologists that want to transform their own practice.

This review offers evidence-based recommendations, along with their financial impact, to improve the sustainability of anaesthesiology practice in the operating room.
High healing rate of stable femoral condyle osteochondritis dissecans in young patients placed in a hinged knee brace locked in extension: a retrospective study
Authors: Gagliardi Alexia G. , Walker Gregory , Dahab Katherine , Pearce Stephanie , Howell David R. , Albright Jay C.
Published: January 2023

We report the rate of stable femoral condyle osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) lesion healing in adolescents using a locked hinged knee brace for a minimum of 6 weeks or until pain free, followed by physical therapy. Patients aged 5–18 at the time of a primary diagnosis of femoral condyle OCD were reviewed. Patients who presented with an unstable lesion necessitating surgery, lacked follow-up >6 months after diagnosis or before symptoms resolution, or were noncompliant were excluded. We assessed progression to surgery, association between surgery and lesion size, lesion grade, symptoms, laterality, and patient factors. Lesion width and depth and condyle size were measured on X-ray and MRI, and the scaled size of the lesion relative to the condyle was calculated. Sixty-four patients were included: 12.5% (n = 8; 50% female; mean age = 12.5 ± 1.0 years) progressed to surgery and 87.5% (n = 56; 20% female; mean age=11.5 ± 1.9 years) healed. No significant effects were identified between groups. The surgical group compared to the non-surgical group was braced for a similar amount of time (72.6 ± 51.4 vs. 54.9 ± 23.2 days; P = 0.09), presented initially with a similar lesion size (322.5 ± 298.7 vs. 211.2 ± 178.4 mm2; P = 0.14), and had a similar proportion of Grade 1 lesions (63% vs. 85%; P = 0.11). Female sex (P = 0.04) and longer time in the brace (P = 0.04) were associated with progression to surgery.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Norepinephrine Plus Dobutamine Versus Epinephrine As First-Line Vasoactive Agents in Children With Fluid Refractory Cold Septic Shock
Authors: Banothu Kiran Kumar , Sankar Jhuma , Kumar U. Vijaya , Gupta Priyanka , Pathak Mona , Jat Kana Ram , Kabra Sushil Kumar , Lodha Rakesh
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVES:

Our objective was to compare norepinephrine plus dobutamine versus epinephrine as the first-line agent in children with fluid refractory cold septic shock.

DESIGN:

Open-label randomized controlled study.

SETTING:

A single-center PICU from North India.

PATIENTS:

Children 2 months to less than 18 years old with fluid refractory cold septic shock.

INTERVENTIONS:

In the intervention group, norepinephrine and dobutamine were started and in the control group, epinephrine was started as the first-line vasoactive agent. The primary outcome was the proportion attaining shock resolution (attaining all the therapeutic endpoints) at 1 hour of therapy.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:

We enrolled 67 children: 34 in the norepinephrine plus dobutamine group (intervention) and 33 in the epinephrine group (control). There was no difference in shock resolution at 1 hour (17.6% vs 9%; risk ratio [RR], 2.0; 95% CI, 0.54–7.35; p = 0.25), 6 hours (76.4% vs 54.5%; RR, 1.69; 95% CI, 0.92–3.13; p = 0.06), and 24 hours between the intervention and control groups, respectively. Children in the norepinephrine plus dobutamine group attained shock resolution earlier (measured from starting of vasoactive agents to attaining all the therapeutic endpoints) (hazard ratio, 1.84 [1.1–3.08]). The difference in 28-day mortality was not significant (23.5% vs 39.3% in the intervention and control groups, respectively [RR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.28–1.25]).

CONCLUSIONS:

In children with fluid refractory cold septic shock, with use of norepinephrine plus dobutamine as first-line agents, the difference in the proportion of children attaining shock resolution at 1 hour between the groups was inconclusive. However, the time to shock resolution was earlier in the norepinephrine plus dobutamine group. Also, fewer children in the intervention group were refractory to treatment. Further studies powered to detect (or exclude) an important difference would be required to test this intervention.
Catheterization Without Supination—A Series of 36 Prone Position Internal Jugular Vein Cannulations
Authors: Lussier Bethany L. , Pham David T. , Ratti Gregory A. , Patel Jiten , Mitchell Brandon C. , Chen Catherine
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVES:

Describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of 32 critically ill patients who underwent central venous cannulation of the internal jugular vein while in prone position.

DESIGN:

Retrospective cohort analysis.

SETTING:

Single tertiary-care urban academic safety-net hospital.

PATIENTS/SUBJECTS:

Patients requiring mechanical ventilation and prone positioning for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome from March 1, 2020, through March 31, 2021.

INTERVENTIONS:

Internal jugular vein cannulation while in the prone position.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:

The technique used for venous access, procedural complications, patient demographics, and clinical outcomes are described. Thirty-six prone internal jugular vein cannulations for 32 hemodialysis catheters and four central venous catheters were successfully performed in 32 patients. One immediate and one delayed pneumothorax occurred. Inhospital mortality was 88%.

CONCLUSIONS:

In the largest series to date, cannulation of the internal jugular vein with the patient in prone position is feasible but associated with a 6% risk of pneumothorax. Severity of illness in patients intolerant of supine positioning results in high inhospital mortality.
Variation in Troponin I Measurement and the Cardiovascular Management Approach Following Elevated Troponin I Among Critically Ill Patients With Sepsis
Authors: Garcia Michael A. , Bosch Nicholas A. , Peltan Ithan D. , Walkey Allan J.
Published: January 2023

IMPORTANCE:

Troponin I is frequently elevated in sepsis, but optimal clinical approaches to diagnosis and management of troponin I during sepsis are unclear.

OBJECTIVES:

We aimed to describe the variation in troponin I measurement and the cardiovascular diagnostic and therapeutic approach to elevated troponin I among critically ill adults with sepsis.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:

Observational cohort study of the hospital-level variation in serial troponin I measurement, trending troponin I to peak, echocardiography, cardiac stress test, cardiac catheterization, antiplatelet agents, therapeutic anticoagulation, beta-blockers, and statins quantified using hospital median odds ratios—the median odds of receiving an intervention at randomly selected higher versus lower rate hospitals—derived from multivariable-adjusted random-effects logistic regression models with hospital site as the random effect. The Premier Healthcare Database was used. Patients were adults aged greater than 18 years admitted to the ICU with sepsis from 2016 to 2020.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:

The hospital-level median odds ratios of troponin I measurement as well as cardiovascular diagnostics and therapeutics.

RESULTS:

Among 85,830 adults with sepsis, 53,058 (61.8%) had a troponin I measured, with a median odds ratio of troponin measurement across hospitals of 5.30 (95% CI, 4.98–5.67). Among 27,665 adults (32.2%) with sepsis and an elevated troponin I level, 84.8% had serial troponin I measurements, 66.0% had troponin trended to peak level, 66.7% had an echocardiogram, 4.1% had a cardiac stress test, 6.6% underwent cardiac catheterization, 48.3% received antiplatelet agents, 8.3% received therapeutic anticoagulation, 50.5% received beta-blockers, and 38.1% received statins. The median odds ratios between hospitals for cardiovascular diagnostics and therapeutics ranged from 1.28 (95% CI, 1.24–1.32) for use of beta-blockers to 7.58 (95% CI, 6.43–8.77) for use of therapeutic anticoagulation.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:

Both troponin I measurement and the approach to an elevated troponin I among critically ill adults with sepsis varied widely across hospitals consistent with disparate practice and care efficiency. Prospective studies are needed to guide an informed approach to troponin I measurement and cardiovascular evaluation in sepsis.
Predictive Modeling for Readmission to Intensive Care: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ruppert Matthew M. , Loftus Tyler J. , Small Coulter , Li Han , Ozrazgat-Baslanti Tezcan , Balch Jeremy , Holmes Reed , Tighe Patrick J. , Upchurch Gilbert R. , Efron Philip A. , Rashidi Parisa , Bihorac Azra
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVES:

To evaluate the methodologic rigor and predictive performance of models predicting ICU readmission; to understand the characteristics of ideal prediction models; and to elucidate relationships between appropriate triage decisions and patient outcomes.

DATA SOURCES:

PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Embase.

STUDY SELECTION:

Primary literature that reported the development or validation of ICU readmission prediction models within from 2010 to 2021.

DATA EXTRACTION:

Relevant study information was extracted independently by two authors using the Critical Appraisal and Data Extraction for Systematic Reviews of Prediction Modelling Studies checklist. Bias was evaluated using the Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool. Data sources, modeling methodology, definition of outcomes, performance, and risk of bias were critically evaluated to elucidate relevant relationships.

DATA SYNTHESIS:

Thirty-three articles describing models were included. Six studies had a high overall risk of bias due to improper inclusion criteria or omission of critical analysis details. Four other studies had an unclear overall risk of bias due to lack of detail describing the analysis. Overall, the most common (50% of studies) source of bias was the filtering of candidate predictors via univariate analysis. The poorest performing models used existing clinical risk or acuity scores such as Acute Physiologic Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation II, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, or Stability and Workload Index for Transfer as the sole predictor. The higher-performing ICU readmission prediction models used homogenous patient populations, specifically defined outcomes, and routinely collected predictors that were analyzed over time.

CONCLUSIONS:

Models predicting ICU readmission can achieve performance advantages by using longitudinal time series modeling, homogenous patient populations, and predictor variables tailored to those populations.
Key circRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs of ShenQi Compound in Protecting Vascular Endothelial Cells From High Glucose Identified by Whole Transcriptome Sequencing
Authors: Yang Chan , Liu Hanyu , Peng Xi , Li Xinqiong , Rao Guocheng , Xie Ziyan , Yang Qiangfei , Du Lian , Xie Chunguang
Published: January 2023

Vascular endothelial cells, which make up the inner wall of blood arteries, are susceptible to damage from oxidative stress and apoptosis caused by hyperglycemia. According to certain reports, noncoding RNAs are involved in controlling oxidative stress and apoptosis. ShenQi Compound (SQC), a traditional herbal remedy, has been successfully treating diabetic vascular disease in China for more than 20 years. Although it is well established that SQC protects the vascular endothelium, the molecular mechanism remains unknown. Goto-Kakizaki rats, spontaneous type II diabetes rats, that consistently consume a high-fat diet were chosen as model animals. Six groups (control group, model group, metformin group, and 7.2 g/kg/d SQC group, 14.4 g/kg/d SQC group, and 28.8 g/kg/d SQC group) were included in this work, 15 rats each group. The approach of administration was gavage, and the same volume (5.0 mL/kg/d) was given in each group, once a day, 12 weeks. The thoracic aortas were removed after the rats were sacrificed. Oxidative reduction profile in thoracic aorta, histopathological observation of thoracic aorta, endothelial cell apoptosis in thoracic aorta, whole transcriptome sequencing, bioinformatic analyses, and qRT-PCR were conducted. As a result, SQC prevented the oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by a high glucose concentration. Under hyperglycemia condition, noncoding RNAs, including 1 downregulated novel circRNA (circRNA.3121), 3 downregulated lncRNAs (Skil.cSep08, Shawso.aSep08-unspliced, and MSTRG.164.2), and 1 upregulated mRNA (Pcdh17), were clearly reverse regulated by SQC. SQC plays a role in protecting vascular endothelial cells from high glucose mainly by mediating ncRNA to inhibit cell apoptosis and oxidative stress.
Characteristics and factors associated with the position of the haptic after ICL V4C implantation
Authors: Tan Weina , Chen Qian , Yang Ruibo , Wang Zheng , Zeng Qingyan , Lei Xiaohua , Jin Lina , Zhao Shaozhen
Published: January 2023

Purpose:

To assess the position of ICL haptic after ICL V4C implantation using standardized panoramic ultrasound bimicroscopy (UBM), to analyze its characteristics, associated factors and the relationship with the clinical vault quantitatively.

Setting:

Hankou Aier Eye Hospital.

Design:

Cross-sectional study.

Methods:

A total of 167 subjects(323 eyes)implanted with ICL V4C who had underwent a 3-month follow-up with UBM examination were included in this study. The relative position of ICL to the adjacent structure and ICL haptic related parameters (the final tip point of ICL haptic (ftICL haptic) measured from the scleral spur to the final tip of the ICL haptic, the posterior of the ICL to ICL haptic (ICL arc)measured from the posterior surface of the ICL to the ICL haptic plane, the height of the crystalline lens from the ICL haptic (Lens arc) measured from the anterior surface of the crystalline lens to the ICL haptic plane and et al) were estimated on the UBM image. Eyes were divided into 3 subgroups according to the ftICL haptic (group 1: ≤0.5 mm, group 2:0.5-1.0 mm, group 3:≥1.0 mm, respectively),the factors associated with the ICL haptic related parameters and its impact on the clinical vault were evaluated.

Results:

The haptics could be imaged in the ciliary sulcus, on the ciliary body and under the ciliary body in 629(48.7%),525(40.6%) and 138(10.7%) eyes, respectively. The ftICL haptic and the summation of ICL arc and lens arc showed a correlation with the clinical vault (r=-0.34 P=0.00; r=0.87 P=0.00). When divided the ftICL haptic into three groups, the percentage of eyes which exhibited clinical vault >750μm were lowest in the group 3. Multivariate regression analysis showed spherical equivalent (SE), white to white (WTW), anterior chamber volume (ACV) and iris-ciliary angle (ICA), the difference between the implanted ICL size and horizontal sulcus-to sulcus (ICL size-STS) were associated with the ftICL haptic. The IOP, WTW, ACV, and the ICL size-STS were significantly associated with ICL arc while the ICA and Lens rise were associated with lens arc.

Conclusions:

The position of ICL haptic was associated with the clinical vault.
Repeatability of corneal deformation response parameters by dynamic ultra–high-speed Scheimpflug imaging before and after corneal crosslinking
Authors: Herber Robert , Vinciguerra Riccardo , Tredici Costanza , Legrottaglie Emanuela F. , Pillunat Lutz E. , Raiskup Frederik , Vinciguerra Paolo
Published: January 2023

Purpose:

To evaluate the repeatability of deformation corneal response (DCR) parameters before and after corneal crosslinking (CXL) compared with their untreated fellow eyes (uFEs).

Setting:

University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.

Design:

Multicenter, interventional reliability analysis.

Methods:

53 eyes of 53 patients with keratoconus who received CXL treatment after the disease progression (CXL group) were included. Patients were measured 3 times using a dynamic Scheimpflug analyzer to determine repeatability before and 1 month after CXL treatment. The uFEs were measured in the same way (uFE group). Reliability of DCR parameters was assessed by a coefficient of repeatability, coefficient of variation, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results:

The repeatability of DCR parameters did not change after CXL compared with the preoperative values for all investigated DCR parameters (P> .05). In the uFE group, no statistically significant shift was observed regarding the repeatability (P> .05). An ICC greater than 0.75 was achieved in both groups for almost all parameters. Concerning the biomechanical stiffening induced by CXL, integrated inverse radius and stress–strain index were found to be statistically significantly decreased and increased (P< .001), respectively, both indicating stiffening. No changes were observed for the uFE group.

Conclusions:

The study demonstrated highly repeatable measurements of the dynamic Scheimpflug analyzer before and after CXL. The improvement of certain DCR parameters after CXL confirmed the capability of the device to detect the stiffening effect.
Comparison of intraocular lens power calculation formulas with and without total keratometry and ray tracing in patients with previous myopic SMILE
Authors: Meziane Elotmani Anouar , Messerschmidt-Roth Anke , Nehme Alexandra , Müller Hans-Helge , Sekundo Walter
Published: January 2023

Purpose:

To evaluate the prediction error (PE) variance and absolute median PE of different intraocular lens (IOL) calculation formulas including last-generation formulas such as Barrett True-K with K, Okulix and total keratometry (TK)-based calculations with Haigis, and Barrett True-K in a simulation model in post–small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) eyes.

Settings:

Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany.

Design:

Prospective study.

Methods:

Preoperative measurements included IOL power calculation before and after SMILE surgery. The target refraction was set to be the lowest myopic refractive error in pre-SMILE eyes. The IOL power targeting at the lowest myopic refractive error in pre-SMILE eyes was selected for the post-SMILE IOL calculation of the same eye. The difference between the predicted refraction of pre- and post-SMILE eyes with the same IOL power was defined as IOL difference. The refractive change induced by SMILE was defined as the difference between preoperative and postoperative manifest refraction.

Results:

98 eyes from 49 patients underwent bilateral myopic SMILE. The PE variance of Okulix was not significantly different compared with Barrett True-K with TK (P = .471). The SDs of the mean PEs were ±0.413 D (Haigis-TK), ±0.453 D (Okulix), ±0.471 D (Barrett True-K with TK), ±0.556 D (Haigis-L), and ±0.576 D (Barrett True-K with K). The mean absolute PE was 0.340 D, 0.353 D, 0.404 D, 0.511 D, and 0.715 D for Haigis-TK, Okulix, Barrett True-K with TK, Barrett True-K with K, and Haigis-L, respectively. The highest percentage of eyes within ±0.50 D was achieved by Okulix, followed by Haigis-TK, Barrett True-K with TK, Barrett True-K with K, and Haigis-L.

Conclusions:

Results suggest that Haigis in combination with TK, Okulix, and Barrett True-K with and without TK offer good options for accurate IOL power calculation after SMILE. Haigis-L showed a tendency for myopic shift in eyes after previous SMILE.
Comparison of visual performance and quality of life with a new nondiffractive EDOF intraocular lens and a trifocal intraocular lens
Authors: Asena Leyla , Kırcı Dogan İrem , Oto Sibel , Dursun Altınors Dilek
Published: January 2023

Purpose:

To compare visual performance and quality of life (QoL) following bilateral implantation of a new nondiffractive extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) intraocular lens (IOL) and a trifocal IOL.

Setting:

Department of Ophthalmology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

Design:

Prospective comparative interventional case series.

Methods:

104 eyes of 52 patients with cataract, bilaterally implanted with a nondiffractive EDOF IOL or a trifocal IOL, were included. Outcome measures were uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), distance corrected intermediate visual acuity and distance corrected near visual acuity, defocus curves, QoL (Visual Function Index 14), quality of vision (Quality of Vision [QoV] index), contrast sensitivity (Pelli-Robson chart), and binocular reading speed.

Results:

Twenty-six patients were included in each group. The UDVA and CDVA were better in the EDOF group (0.05 ± 0.04 and 0.01 ± 0.04) than the trifocal group (0.13 ± 0.06 and 0.11 ± 0.07) (P = .02 and .01). Defocus curves showed that visual acuity was better with the EDOF IOL for vergences at 0.00, −0.50, and −1.00 and better with the trifocal IOL for vergences at −2.50, −3.00, −3.50, and −4.00. Contrast sensitivity scores were similar with both IOLs (P = .12). The overall mean QoL scores were lower in the EDOF group, indicating a better QoL (P = .04). The QoV was better in the EDOF group with significantly less glare, halos, and blurry vision (P < .01).

Conclusions:

The EDOF IOL performed better at distance, and the trifocal IOL performed better at near. Overall QoL and quality of vision were better with the EDOF IOL.
Change in major ocular biometry parameters axial length and keratometry in adults over time
Authors: Kuriakose Robin K. , Gulati Reeti , Bains Harnaina , Ramaprasad Abhijit , Chan Nicholas K. , Basti Surendra
Published: January 2023

Purpose:

To determine how much axial length (AL) and average keratometry (K) change over time in elderly patients and to assess clinical necessity of repeating biometry in instances where the second eye is operated on 6 months or more after the first.

Setting:

Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois.

Design:

Retrospective study.

Methods:

Inclusion criteria were patients older than 35 years, with 2 biometry measurements over 6 months apart, measured with the IOL Master 700 from January 1, 2016, to September 15, 2020. Patients were excluded if they had any other intraocular surgery besides cataract. A linear mixed model and SPSS software was used to compare measurements among timepoints.

Results:

201 patients (402 eyes) were included (average age 73.3, 59.3% female). Average time between biometry measurements was 21.5 months (range 6 to 48 months). The mean change in AL was 0.04 mm (95% CI, 0.03 to 0.05, P = .10). The mean change in K was 0.01 diopters (95% CI, −0.10 to 0.30, P = .33). At the 6-month to 1-year interval (n = 73), mean change in AL was 0.04 mm. Mean change in AL did not significantly increase with greater time intervals. There was no correlation between time and ΔAL (P = .70), nor between time and ΔK (P = .98).

Conclusions:

In this cohort, biometric parameters did not change significantly over time. Repeating biometry at a 1- to 2-year interval for elderly patients receiving monofocal implants may offer limited benefit.
Optimized Acute Treatment of Migraine Is Associated With Greater Productivity in People With Migraine
Authors: Buse Dawn C. , Nahas Stephanie J. , Stewart Walter (Buzz) F. , Armand Cynthia E. , Reed Michael L. , Fanning Kristina M. , Manack Adams Aubrey , Lipton Richard B.
Published: January 2023

Objective

This study aimed to ascertain whether level of optimization of acute treatment of migraine is related to work productivity across the spectrum of migraine.

Methods

Data were from the Chronic Migraine Epidemiology and Outcomes (CaMEO) Study, an internet-based longitudinal survey. Respondents with migraine who reported full-time employment and use of ≥1 acute prescription medication for migraine were included. We determined relationships among lost productive time (LPT; measured with the Migraine Disability Assessment Scale), acute treatment optimization (Migraine Treatment Optimization Questionnaire- ), and monthly headache days (MHDs).

Results

There was a direct relationship between LPT and MHD category. Greater acute treatment optimization was associated with lower total LPT, less absenteeism, and less presenteeism within each MHD category.

Conclusions

Optimizing acute treatment for migraine may reduce LPT in people with migraine and reduce indirect costs.
Addressing Psychosocial, Organizational, and Environmental Stressors Emerging From the COVID-19 Pandemic and Their Effect on Essential Workers' Mental Health and Well-being
Authors: Woods Elizabeth H. , Zhang Ying , Roemer Enid Chung , Kent Karen B. , Davis Meghan F. , Goetzel Ron Z.
Published: January 2023

Objective: This study aimed to identify stressors faced by essential workers amid the coronavirus disease pandemic and effective interventions mitigating these stressors. Methods: We reviewed literature on psychosocial, organizational, and environmental stressors faced by essential workers during the pandemic, the consequences of those stressors, and interventions to improve worker health and well-being. Findings: Stressors included elevated risk of coronavirus disease 2019 exposure, fear of spreading the virus, lack of social and organizational supports, and financial insecurity. Negative outcomes included burnout, depression, and high turnover. Promising interventions included robust safety protocols, increased wages, childcare benefits, enhanced access to mental health services, and frequent leadership communications. Conclusion: Stress has taken a heavy toll on essential workers' physical and emotional health, productivity, and job satisfaction. To effectively protect Total Worker Health, employers should adopt evidence-based interventions promoting psychosocial, organizational, and environmental health and safety.
Feasibility of Using Mobile Standing Desks to Address Sedentary Behavior in Flexible Work Environments
Authors: Wilkerson Amanda H. , Elliott Carolyn R. , McFadden Ny’Nika T. , Abutalib Nuha
Published: January 2023

Objective

The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of using mobile standing desks to address work-related sedentary behavior for adults working in flexible positions.

Methods

University employees (N = 20) in flexible positions used a mobile standing desk for 8 weeks and completed one focus group. Paired t tests were used to determine differences in workplace behavior. Focus group transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

Work-related sitting decreased (P = 0.010, −45.88 minutes) and standing increased (P = 0.016, +41.28 minutes). Advantages included mobility, enhanced attention to tasks, and ease of use. Disadvantages included the device’s design, built environment barriers, and impact of work/life circumstances.

Conclusions

The mobile standing desk resulted in a decrease in sitting consistent with traditional standing desk-based interventions. Future interventions should consider including goal setting, reminders, feedback, and incentives.
Student Physical Therapists’ Orientation to Postprofessional Education and Perceptions of Strain: Identification of 4 Subgroups of Students Based on Cluster Analysis
Authors: Osborne Raine , Bailey Chloe , Bourassa Allison , Bourassa Michael , Dinsmore Daniel
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

Determining why physical therapists choose certain pathways to expertise is not well understood. Developing an understanding of these different choices is important for the physical therapy profession and the future of postprofessional education.

Review of Literature:

Pathways to expertise as a physical therapist have evolved over the history of the profession, including the most recent emergence of residency education. Regardless of the path taken, physical therapists have a societal duty to be lifelong learners. The decision on which path to pursue is influenced by many factors, including financial stress, personal factors, and relational obligations. Developing an understanding of these different pathways and barriers for physical therapists is essential if the physical therapy profession is to advance with the evolving needs of society.

Subjects:

Participants were from a stratified purposive sample of Doctor of Physical Therapy Students (n = 124) across the eastern, central, and western regions of the United States.

Methods:

This study was a secondary analysis using hierarchical cluster analysis based on students’ orientation toward lifelong learning and future professional engagement, self-rated likelihood of pursuing various postprofessional education pathways, and perception of personal and interpersonal strains as a barrier to postprofessional education.

Results:

The cluster analysis resulted in a 4-cluster solution representing different student subtypes: clinically oriented average learners; resilient, clinically oriented lifelong learners; academically oriented lifelong learners; and strain-limited, clinically oriented lifelong learners.

Discussion and Conclusion:

Results from this study describe important differences in how student physical therapists view postprofessional education and the pathways they choose to pursue. Factors such as lack of awareness and the perception of personal or interpersonal strain may influence these decisions. Understanding postprofessional education decision making of student physical therapists is of particular interest to the physical therapy profession given the current debates related to student debt and the necessity of residency education. Further research is needed to understand how to increase awareness and diminish barriers to quality postprofessional education for physical therapists.
A lung squamous cell carcinoma-associated membranous nephropathy patient free of tumor and membranous nephropathy after the treatment of surgery and radiochemotherapy following pembrolizumab: A rare case report
Authors: Chen Feifei , Du Haiwei , Fang Surong
Published: January 2023

Rationale:

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an autoimmune disease, which is classified into primary and secondary MN. Malignancy-associated MN (M-MN) accounts for about 10% of secondary MN cases. Lung cancer is the most common type of malignancy among M-MN patients. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) have showed promising efficacy and good safety in many types of solid tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer. To date, whether ICIs could be a treatment option for M-MN patients with PD-L1 expression and or high tumor mutation burden (TMB) level has not been documented.

Patient concerns:

A 68-year-old male patient presented with edema of the lower limbs with increased urine foam in August 2018. Biopsy on the right kidney showed MN at stage I with subepithelially localized immune deposits.

Diagnosis:

Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC)-associated MN with PD-L1 expression (20%) and high TMB level (26.2 mutations/Mb).

Interventions:

The patient received immunosuppressive therapy targeting the initially diagnosed primary MN as first-line treatment plus surgery and radiochemotherapy following pembrolizumab targeting the definitively diagnosed lung cancer as second-line treatment.

Outcomes:

The patient benefited from radiochemotherapy following pembrolizumab (lasting more than 38 months) rather than immunosuppressive therapy.

Lessons:

Our work suggests that combined ICIs might be an effective treatment option for M-MN patients who harbor PD-L1 expression. Our work highlights that the presence of malignancy should not be neglected at the initial diagnosis of MN.
Identification of immunocell infiltrates and effective diagnostic biomarkers in laryngeal carcinoma
Authors: Han Xue , Cheng Xiaowen , Dai Kaiqi , Bao Wenyu , Ding Ran , Wan Yufeng
Published: January 2023

Laryngeal cancer (LC) is a malignant tumor that occurs in the head and neck. Laryngeal cancer is one of the most common cancers of the neck and head, and its prognosis has always been poor. The incidence of LC increased gradually and showed an early rising trend. Laryngeal cancer is rarely studied in relation to immunity, Malignant tumors will change the state of the human body in various ways to adapt to their own survival and avoid the immune system. This study aims to explore the immune molecular mechanism of laryngeal cancer through bioinformatics analysis. The gene expression data was downloaded for 3 microarray datasets: GSE27020, GSE59102, and GSE51985. CIBERSORT algorithm was performed to evaluate immune cell infiltration in tissues between LC and healthy control (HC). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened. Functional correlation of DEGs were analyzed by Gene Ontology, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes. Candidate biomarkers were identified by cytoHubba of Cytoscape. Spearman correlations between the above biomarkers and infiltrating immune cells were explored using R software analysis. The immune cell types of LC and HC were significantly different. Twenty-one DEGs were obtained by cross-screening. The function of DEGs is closely related to the number of immune cells. Five central genes (TNNT3, TNNI2, Desmin, matrix metallopeptidase 9 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4) were screened. The HUB gene was demonstrated to have the ability to diagnose LC and HC with good specificity and sensitivity. The correlation between immune cells and biomarkers showed that hub gene was positively correlated with macrophages and dendritic cells, and negatively correlated with CD4 + T cell. TNNT3, TNNI2, Desmin, matrix metallopeptidase 9 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 can be used as diagnostic biomarker for LC. Macrophages, dendritic cells and CD4 + T cell may participate in the occurrence and development of LC.