bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation Study of Ecological Resilience in Southern Red Soil Mining Areas Considering Rare Earth Mining Process
Authors: Zhang Jianying , Li Hengkai , Huang Duan , Wang Xiuli
Published: January 2023

Ion-adsorption rare earth mining areas are located in southern China’s ecologically fragile red soil hills region. For a long time, under the influence of multiple factors such as low mining technology and indiscriminate mining, this area has experienced serious environmental problems. Therefore, it is crucial for the ecological management and restoration of mining areas to accurately conduct a quantitative evaluation of ecological restoration status. We used remote sensing and geographic information data to establish an ecosystem resilience evaluation index system consisting of five criteria (land stress, vegetation conditions, surface conditions, biodiversity, and air pollution) and 17 evaluation factors. The Lingbei rare earth mining area in Dingnan County in the red soil hill region was used as a case study since it is a representative ion adsorption rare earth mining area. The restoration status of the mining area was evaluated from 2000 to 2020. The results showed the following: (1) From 2000 to 2020, the ecological resilience level of the mining area was 0.695, 0.685, 0.664, 0.651, and 0.657, exhibiting a decrease followed by an increase. (2) Spatially, the ecological resilience was low at the mine site and increased with increasing distance, indicating that rare earth mining adversely affected ecological resilience in the mining area. (3) The regional ecological resilience has improved over time due to the implementation of green development policies. However, the rate of improvement is slow and ecological restoration of mining areas will remain an ongoing challenge in the future. This study can provide a scientific basis and practical reference for the ecological protection and restoration of mining areas.
Heterogeneous Catalytic and Non-Catalytic Supercritical Water Oxidation of Organic Pollutants in Industrial Wastewaters Effect of Operational Parameters
Authors: Mazanov Sergei V. , Phan Quang M. , Aetov Almaz U. , Zaripov Zufar I. , Starshinova Valentina L. , Karalin Ernest A. , Usmanov Rustem A. , Gumerov Farid M. , Abdulagatov Ilmutdin M.
Published: January 2023

This work reports supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) of organic pollutants in industrial wastewater in the absence and presence of catalysts. To increase the efficiency of the oxidation process, the SCWO of organic compounds in industrial wastewater was performed in the presence of various iron- and manganese-containing heterogeneous catalysts (Fe-Ac, Fe-OH, and Mn-Al). The catalytic and non-catalytic SCWO of organic compounds in wastewater from PJSC “Nizhnekamskneftekhim”, generated from the epoxidation of propylene with ethylbenzene hydroperoxide in the process of producing propylene oxide and styrene (PO/SM), was performed. The effect of operational parameters (temperature, pressure, residence time, type of catalysts, oxygen excess ratio, etc.) on the efficiency of the process of oxidation of organic compounds in the wastewater was studied. SCWO was studied in a flow reactor with induction heating under different temperatures (between 673.15 and 873.15 K) and at a pressure of 22.5 MPa. The reaction time ranged from 1.8 to 4.83 min. Compressed air was used as an oxidizing agent (oxidant) with an oxidant ratio of two to four. A pseudo-first-order model expressed the kinetics of the SCWO processes, and the rate constants were evaluated. In the present work, in order to optimize the operation parameters of the SCWO process, we used the thermodynamic properties of near- and supercritical water by taking into account the asymmetric behavior of the liquid–vapor coexistence curve.
A Review of Common Cyanotoxins and Their Effects on Fish
Authors: Falfushynska Halina , Kasianchuk Nadiia , Siemens Eduard , Henao Eliana , Rzymski Piotr
Published: January 2023

Global warming and human-induced eutrophication drive the occurrence of various cyanotoxins in aquatic environments. These metabolites reveal diversified mechanisms of action, encompassing cyto-, neuro-, hepato-, nephro-, and neurotoxicity, and pose a threat to aquatic biota and human health. In the present paper, we review data on the occurrence of the most studied cyanotoxins, microcystins, nodularins, cylindrospermopsin, anatoxins, and saxitoxins, in the aquatic environment, as well as their potential bioaccumulation and toxicity in fish. Microcystins are the most studied among all known cyanotoxins, although other toxic cyanobacterial metabolites are also commonly identified in aquatic environments and can reveal high toxicity in fish. Except for primary toxicity signs, cyanotoxins adversely affect the antioxidant system and anti-/pro-oxidant balance. Cyanotoxins also negatively impact the mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, fish exposed to microcystins and cylindrospermopsin exhibit various immunomodulatory, inflammatory, and endocrine responses. Even though cyanotoxins exert a complex pressure on fish, numerous aspects are yet to be the subject of in-depth investigation. Metabolites other than microcystins should be studied more thoroughly to understand the long-term effects in fish and provide a robust background for monitoring and management actions.
Coronaviruses Are Abundant and Genetically Diverse in West and Central African Bats, including Viruses Closely Related to Human Coronaviruses
Authors: Meta Djomsi Dowbiss , Lacroix Audrey , Soumah Abdoul Karim , Kinganda Lusamaki Eddy , Mesdour Asma , Raulino Raisa , Esteban Amandine , Ndong Bass Innocent , Mba Djonzo Flaubert Auguste , Goumou Souana , Ndimbo-Kimugu Simon Pierre , Lempu Guy , Mbala Kingebeni Placide , Bamuleka Daniel Mukadi , Likofata Jacques , Muyembe Tamfum Jean-Jacques , Toure Abdoulaye , Mpoudi Ngole Eitel , Kouanfack Charles , Delaporte Eric , Keita Alpha Kabinet , Ahuka-Mundeke Steve , Ayouba Ahidjo , Peeters Martine
Published: January 2023

Bats are at the origin of human coronaviruses, either directly or via an intermediate host. We tested swabs from 4597 bats (897 from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), 2191 from Cameroon and 1509 from Guinea) with a broadly reactive PCR in the RdRp region. Coronaviruses were detected in 903 (19.6%) bats and in all species, with more than 25 individuals tested. The highest prevalence was observed in Eidolon helvum (239/733; 39.9%) and Rhinolophus sp. (306/899; 34.1%), followed by Hipposideros sp. (61/291; 20.9%). Frugivorous bats were predominantly infected with beta coronaviruses from the Nobecovirus subgenus (93.8%), in which at least 6 species/genus-specific subclades were observed. In contrast, insectivorous bats were infected with beta-coronaviruses from different subgenera (Nobecovirus (8.5%), Hibecovirus (32.8%), Merbecovirus (0.5%) and Sarbecovirus (57.6%)) and with a high diversity of alpha-coronaviruses. Overall, our study shows a high prevalence and genetic diversity of coronaviruses in bats and illustrates that Rhinolophus bats in Africa are infected at high levels with the Sarbecovirus subgenus, to which SARS-CoV-2 belongs. It is important to characterize in more detail the different coronavirus lineages from bats for their potential to infect human cells, their evolution and to study frequency and modes of contact between humans and bats in Africa.
Seroprevalence of Hantavirus in Forestry Workers, Northern France, 2019–2020
Authors: Krug Catarina , Rigaud Emma , Siby-Diakite Dieyenaba , Bénézet Laetitia , Papadopoulos Pavlos , de Valk Henriette , Deffontaines Gaëtan , Septfons Alexandra , Reynes Jean-Marc
Published: January 2023

We aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) among forestry workers in northern France, and to explore sociodemographic risk factors. We conducted a random cross-sectional seroprevalence survey among 1777 forestry workers in 2019–2020. The presence of immunoglobulin G against PUUV antigens in serum was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmed using immunofluorescence assay. Poisson regression models were used to explore factors associated with seropositivity. Weighted seroprevalence was 5% (3–6) in northeastern France, 4% (2–6) in north central France, and 1% in two regions located in the center of the country (Auvergne and Limousin). There were no seropositive workers detected in northwestern France. Seropositivity was associated with age, sex, and cumulative seniority in the forestry sector. Seroprevalence was highest in known endemic areas of the northeast and lowest in the northwest. Nevertheless, we found serological evidence of PUUV infection in two regions located in the center of the country, suggesting circulation of the virus in these regions, previously thought to be non-endemic.
Characterization of a Fungal Virus Representing a Novel Genus in the Family Alphaflexiviridae
Authors: Ye Ting , Lu Zhongbo , Li Han , Duan Jie , Hai Du , Lin Yang , Xie Jiatao , Cheng Jiasen , Li Bo , Chen Tao , Fu Yanping , Jiang Daohong
Published: January 2023

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is an ascomycetous fungus and hosts various mycoviruses. In this study, a novel fungal alphaflexivirus with a special genomic structure, named Sclerotinia sclerotiorum alphaflexivirus 1 (SsAFV1), was cloned from a hypovirulent strain, AHS31. Strain AHS31 was also co-infected with two botourmiaviruses and two mitoviruses. The complete genome of SsAFV1 comprised 6939 bases with four open reading frames (ORFs), a conserved 5′-untranslated region (UTR), and a poly(A) tail in the 3′ terminal; the ORF1 and ORF3 encoded a replicase and a coat protein (CP), respectively, while the function of the proteins encoded by ORF2 and ORF4 was unknown. The virion of SsAFV1 was flexuous filamentous 480–510 nm in length and 9–10 nm in diameter. The results of the alignment and the phylogenetic analysis showed that SsAFV1 is related to allexivirus and botrexvirus, such as Garlic virus X of the genus Allexivirus and Botrytis virus X of the genus Botrevirus, both with 44% amino-acid (aa) identity of replicase. Thus, SsAFV1 is a novel virus and a new genus, Sclerotexvirus, is proposed to accommodate this novel alphaflexivirus.
Biochemistry of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus L Protein Embedding RNA Polymerase and Capping Activities
Authors: Sutto-Ortiz Priscila , Eléouët Jean-François , Ferron François , Decroly Etienne
Published: January 2023

The human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. It is the major cause of severe acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants, the elderly population, and immunocompromised individuals. There is still no approved vaccine or antiviral treatment against RSV disease, but new monoclonal prophylactic antibodies are yet to be commercialized, and clinical trials are in progress. Hence, urgent efforts are needed to develop efficient therapeutic treatments. RSV RNA synthesis comprises viral transcription and replication that are catalyzed by the large protein (L) in coordination with the phosphoprotein polymerase cofactor (P), the nucleoprotein (N), and the M2-1 transcription factor. The replication/transcription is orchestrated by the L protein, which contains three conserved enzymatic domains: the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), the polyribonucleotidyl transferase (PRNTase or capping), and the methyltransferase (MTase) domain. These activities are essential for the RSV replicative cycle and are thus considered as attractive targets for the development of therapeutic agents. In this review, we summarize recent findings about RSV L domains structure that highlight how the enzymatic activities of RSV L domains are interconnected, discuss the most relevant and recent antivirals developments that target the replication/transcription complex, and conclude with a perspective on identified knowledge gaps that enable new research directions.
How Different Pathologies Are Affected by IFIT Expression
Authors: Franco Justin H. , Chattopadhyay Saurabh , Pan Zhixing K.
Published: January 2023

The type-I interferon (IFN) system represents the first line of defense against viral pathogens. Recognition of the virus initiates complex signaling pathways that result in the transcriptional induction of IFNs, which are then secreted. Secreted IFNs stimulate nearby cells and result in the production of numerous proinflammatory cytokines and antiviral factors. Of particular note, IFN-induced tetratricopeptide repeat (IFIT) proteins have been thoroughly studied because of their antiviral activity against different viral pathogens. Although classically studied as an antiviral protein, IFIT expression has recently been investigated in the context of nonviral pathologies, such as cancer and sepsis. In oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), IFIT1 and IFIT3 promote metastasis, while IFIT2 exhibits the opposite effect. The role of IFIT proteins during bacterial/fungal sepsis is still under investigation, with studies showing conflicting roles for IFIT2 in disease severity. In the setting of viral sepsis, IFIT proteins play a key role in clearing viral infection. As a result, many viral pathogens, such as SARS-CoV-2, employ mechanisms to inhibit the type-I IFN system and promote viral replication. In cancers that are characterized by upregulated IFIT proteins, medications that decrease IFIT expression may reduce metastasis and improve survival rates. Likewise, in cases of viral sepsis, therapeutics that increase IFIT expression may improve viral clearance and reduce the risk of septic shock. By understanding the effect of IFIT proteins in different pathologies, novel therapeutics can be developed to halt disease progression.
Crude Extracts of Talaromyces Strains (Ascomycota) Affect Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Resistance to Chronic Bee Paralysis Virus
Authors: Vocadlova Katerina , Lamp Benjamin , Benes Karel , Matha Vladimir , Lee Kwang-Zin , Vilcinskas Andreas
Published: January 2023

Viruses contribute significantly to the global decline of honey bee populations. One way to limit the impact of such viruses is the introduction of natural antiviral compounds from fungi as a component of honey bee diets. Therefore, we examined the effect of crude organic extracts from seven strains of the fungal genus Talaromyces in honey bee diets under laboratory conditions. The strains were isolated from bee bread prepared by honey bees infected with chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV). The antiviral effect of the extracts was also quantified in vitro using mammalian cells as a model system. We found that three extracts (from strains B13, B18 and B30) mitigated CBPV infections and increased the survival rate of bees, whereas other extracts had no effect (B11 and B49) or were independently toxic (B69 and B195). Extract B18 inhibited the replication of feline calicivirus and feline coronavirus (FCoV) in mammalian cells, whereas extracts B18 and B195 reduced the infectivity of FCoV by ~90% and 99%, respectively. Our results show that nonpathogenic fungi (and their products in food stores) offer an underexplored source of compounds that promote disease resistance in honey bees.
Optimal Conditions for In Vitro Assembly of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Nucleocapsid-like Particles
Authors: Gao Yunrong , Raghavan Anirudh , Deng Bowei , Lee Jae , Liang Bo
Published: January 2023

The nucleocapsids (NCs) of the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can display multiple morphologies in vivo, including spherical, asymmetric, and filamentous conformations. Obtaining homogeneous ring-like oligomers in vitro is significant since they structurally represent one turn of the characteristic RSV NC helical filament. Here, we analyzed and optimized conditions for forming homogenous, recombinant nucleocapsid-like particles (NCLPs) of RSV in vitro. We examined the effects of modifying the integrated RNA length and sequence, altering incubation time, and varying buffer parameters, including salt concentration and pH, on ring-like NCLPs assembly using negative stain electron microscopy (EM) imaging. We showed that high-quality, homogeneous particles are assembled when incubating short, adenine-rich RNA sequences with RNA-free N associated with P (N0P). Further, we reported that a co-incubation duration greater than 3 days, a NaCl concentration between 100 mM and 200 mM, and a pH between 7 and 8 are optimal for N-RNA ring assembly with polyadenine RNA sequences. We believe assembling high-quality, homogeneous NCLPs in vitro will allow for further analysis of RSV RNA synthesis. This work may also lend insights into obtaining high-resolution nucleocapsid homogeneous structures for in vitro analysis of antiviral drug candidates against RSV and related viruses.
Papillomavirus-like Particles in Equine Medicine
Authors: Hainisch Edmund K. , Jindra Christoph , Kirnbauer Reinhard , Brandt Sabine
Published: January 2023

Papillomaviruses (PVs) are a family of small DNA tumor viruses that can induce benign lesions or cancer in vertebrates. The observation that animal PV capsid-proteins spontaneously self-assemble to empty, highly immunogenic virus-like particles (VLPs) has led to the establishment of vaccines that efficiently protect humans from specific PV infections and associated diseases. We provide an overview of PV-induced tumors in horses and other equids, discuss possible routes of PV transmission in equid species, and present recent developments aiming at introducing the PV VLP-based vaccine technology into equine medicine.
Neutralizing Efficacy of Encapsulin Nanoparticles against SARS-CoV2 Variants of Concern
Authors: Khaleeq Sara , Sengupta Nayanika , Kumar Sahil , Patel Unnatiben , Rajmani Raju , Reddy Poorvi , Pandey Suman , Singh Randhir , Dutta Somnath , Ringe Rajesh , Varadarajan Raghavan
Published: January 2023

Rapid emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 variants has dampened the protective efficacy of existing authorized vaccines. Nanoparticle platforms offer a means to improve vaccine immunogenicity by presenting multiple copies of desired antigens in a repetitive manner which closely mimics natural infection. We have applied nanoparticle display combined with the SpyTag–SpyCatcher system to design encapsulin–mRBD, a nanoparticle vaccine displaying 180 copies of the monomeric SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain (RBD). Here we show that encapsulin–mRBD is strongly antigenic and thermotolerant for long durations. After two immunizations, squalene-in-water emulsion (SWE)-adjuvanted encapsulin–mRBD in mice induces potent and comparable neutralizing antibody titers of 105 against wild-type (B.1), alpha, beta, and delta variants of concern. Sera also neutralizes the recent Omicron with appreciable neutralization titers, and significant neutralization is observed even after a single immunization.
Adjuvant-Mediated Differences in Antibody Responses to Computationally Optimized Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase Vaccines
Authors: Nagashima Kaito , Abbadi Nada , Vyas Ved , Roegner Abigail , Ross Ted M. , Mousa Jarrod J.
Published: January 2023

Computationally optimized broadly reactive antigens (COBRAs) are a next-generation universal influenza vaccine candidate. However, how these COBRAs induce antibody responses when combined with different adjuvants has not previously been well-characterized. Therefore, we performed in vivo studies with an HA-based H1 COBRA, Y2, and an NA-based N1 COBRA, N1-I, to assess this effect for the H1N1 subtype. We tested the adjuvants AddaVax, AddaS03, CpG, and Alhydrogel. AddaS03 performed the best, eliciting high IgG titers and hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) activity for Y2 immunizations. Interestingly, serum antibody epitopes were relatively similar across adjuvant groups. Moreover, following N1-I immunization with these adjuvants, AddaS03 also elicited the highest IgG and neuraminidase inhibition (NAI) titers against the 2009 pandemic virus, A/California/07/2009 (A/CA/09). These results inform adjuvant selection efforts for H1 and N1 COBRA HA and NA antigens in a mouse model.
High Concordance between D:A:Dr and the Framingham Risk Score in Brazilians Living with HIV
Authors: Souza Vitor , Valadares Victória , Dias Thais , Brites Carlos
Published: January 2023

People living with HIV (PLHIV) have twice the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, making it essential to identify high cardiovascular risk (CVR). However, there is no validated CVR calculator for PLHIV in Brazil. We performed a cross-sectional study with 265 individuals living with HIV, aged 40 to 74 years, to assess the agreement between three CVR scores: Framingham Risk Score (FRS), Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) Risk Score, and a specific for PLHIV, Reduced Data Collection on Adverse Effects of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:Dr). We assessed agreement using the weighted Kappa coefficient and the Bland-Altman plot. The median age was 52 years (47–58), 58.9% were men, 34% were hypertensive and 8.3% had a detectable viral load. There was an almost perfect agreement between D:A:Dr x FRS (k = 0.82; 95% CI 0.77–0.87; p < 0.001), and substantial agreement between FRS vs. ASCVD (k = 0.74; 95% CI 0.69–0.79; p < 0.001) and between D:A:Dr vs. ASCVD (k = 0.70; 95% CI 0.64–0.76; p < 0.001). The Bland-Altman plot revealed greater discordance between scores as the CVR increased. Our results suggest that the FRS and the D:A:Dr are adequate to classify the CVR in this population, and the D:A:Dr score can be used as an alternative to the FRS in Brazil, as other international guidelines have already advocated.
Deficits in Face Recognition and Consequent Quality-of-Life Factors in Individuals with Cerebral Visual Impairment
Authors: Bauer Corinna M. , Manley Claire E. , Ravenscroft John , Cabral Howard , Dilks Daniel D. , Bex Peter J.
Published: January 2023

Individuals with cerebral visual impairment (CVI) frequently report challenges with face recognition, and subsequent difficulties with social interactions. However, there is limited empirical evidence supporting poor face recognition in individuals with CVI and the potential impact on social–emotional quality-of-life factors. Moreover, it is unclear whether any difficulties with face recognition represent a broader ventral stream dysfunction. In this web-based study, data from a face recognition task, a glass pattern detection task, and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were analyzed from 16 participants with CVI and 25 controls. In addition, participants completed a subset of questions from the CVI Inventory to provide a self-report of potential areas of visual perception that participants found challenging. The results demonstrate a significant impairment in the performance of a face recognition task in participants with CVI compared to controls, which was not observed for the glass pattern task. Specifically, we observed a significant increase in threshold, reduction in the proportion correct, and an increase in response time for the faces, but not for the glass pattern task. Participants with CVI also reported a significant increase in sub-scores of the SDQ for emotional problems and internalizing scores after adjusting for the potential confounding effects of age. Finally, individuals with CVI also reported a greater number of difficulties on items from the CVI Inventory, specifically the five questions and those related to face and object recognition. Together, these results indicate that individuals with CVI may demonstrate significant difficulties with face recognition, which may be linked to quality-of-life factors. This evidence suggests that targeted evaluations of face recognition are warranted in all individuals with CVI, regardless of their age.
Groundwater Quality and Potential Health Risk in Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan
Authors: Adenova Dinara , Tazhiyev Sultan , Sagin Janay , Absametov Malis , Murtazin Yermek , Trushel Ludmila , Miroshnichenko Oxana , Zaryab Abdulhalim
Published: January 2023

Securing water resources is a complicated issue in Kazakhstan. Only 36% of Kazakhstan’s rural population has access to a centralized water supply and 57.3% use groundwater accessed by wells and boreholes. The groundwater quality must be monitored to minimize health risks. The aim of this project is to investigate the groundwater quality in the Zhambyl region of Kazakhstan. Groundwater depletion, pollution, waterlogging, and salinization are all widespread in Kazakhstan. Previously, 500 self-flowing and, within this project, 204 wells were investigated in southern Kazakhstan, the Zhambyl region. The field works and data processing was carried out in three phases: first, a fieldwork survey of existing water wells; the second phase, field work with more detailed hydrogeological investigations, including measurements of flow rates, pH, temperature, and electrical conductivity of water samples; the third phase, processing, and analysis of field data samples in chemical laboratories. Kazakhstan’s requirements for drinking water are much lower than the requirements in the EU. Less than 30% of Kazakhstan’s population has access to safe water and about 50% of the population consumes drinking water that does not meet international standards of salinity, hardness, or bacteriological levels.
Review on Aquatic Weeds as Potential Source for Compost Production to Meet Sustainable Plant Nutrient Management Needs
Authors: Dissanayaka D. M. N. S. , Udumann S. S. , Dissanayake D. K. R. P. L. , Nuwarapaksha T. D. , Atapattu Anjana J.
Published: January 2023

As a result of the increase in agricultural production and environmental pollution, waste management and disposal are becoming vital. Proper treatments, such as converting abundant bio-mass wastes into beneficial materials, might mitigate the negative effects and convert waste into reusable resources. Aquatic weeds are a significant concern in the majority of water bodies. Their quick growth, rapid ecological adaptations, and lack of natural enemies make these plants invasive, problematic, and challenging to manage over time. Although there are many methods to manage aquatic weeds, composting has been identified as one of the easily adapted and eco-friendly methods for transferring nutrients to the cropping cycle. Their short life cycle, higher biomass yield, higher nutrient compositions, and allelopathic and phytoremediation properties confirm their suitability as raw materials for composting. Most aquatic ecosystems can be maintained in optimum conditions while facilitating maximum benefits for life by identifying and developing proper composting techniques. Studying the ecology and morphological features of aquatic weeds is essential for this purpose. This is an overview of identifying the potential of aquatic weeds as a source of composting, targeting sustainable plant nutrient management while managing weeds.
Ergenlerde Riskli Davranışların Yordayıcısı Olarak Kişilik Özellikleri
Authors: AKEREN İhsan
Published: January 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı lise öğrencilerinin sahip oldukları kişilik özelliklerinin onların riskli davranışları üzerindeki yordayıcı etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmanın katılımcıları 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim yılı içerisinde Erzincan ili Tercan ilçesinde bulunan dört lisede eğitimine devam eden toplam 347 lise öğrencisidir. Katılımcıların 180’ i kız, 167’ si erkek; 104’ ü birinci sınıf, 83’ ü ikinci sınıf, 90’ ı üçüncü sınıf, 70’ i dördüncü sınıf öğrencisidir. Araştırmada öğrencilerin kişilik özelliklerini ölçmek için Beş Faktör Kişilik Ölçeği; riskli davranışlarını ölçmek için Riskli Davranışlar Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analiz edilmesinde SPSS 22.0 Paket Programı kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizinde Pearson Korelasyon Testi, çoklu regresyon analizi ve basit doğrusal regresyon analizi teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre lise öğrencilerinde nörotisizmin beslenme alışkanlarını pozitif yönde ve düşük düzeyde, antisosyal davranışları ve intihar eğilimini pozitif yönde ve orta düzeyde, yumuşak başlılığın antisosyal davranışı, sigara kullanımını ve okul terkini negatif yönde ve düşük düzeyde, öz denetimin intihar eğilimini negatif yönde ve orta düzeyde, dışadönüklüğün intihar eğilimini negatif yönde düşük düzeyde, deneyime açıklığın intihar eğilimini negatif yönde ve düşük düzeyde yordadığı belirlenmiştir.
Perceptions of the European Union in Latin America
Authors: Domínguez Roberto
Published: January 2023

This working paper examines the puzzle of the gaps between the images that the EU projects, voluntarily and involuntarily, and the perceptions of the EU in Latin America. After reviewing some of the debates related to the role of perceptions in public policy and EU Public Diplomacy (EUPD), the paper analyzes some critical developments in global perceptions of the EU based on the study Update of the 2015 Analysis of the Perception of the EU and EU Policies Abroad (2021 Update Study), which assessed the attitudes of the EU in 13 countries. The third section examines some studies on the attitudes of the EU in Latin America, including some contributions from Latinobarometer. The fourth section offers comparative cases of EU perception in Brazil, Mexico, and Colombia based on the findings of the 2021 Update Study. The analysis of each country relies on the interpretation of surveys with some references to the press analysis and interview methods provided in the 2021 Update Study. Each case discusses specific trends in the following areas: visibility, primary descriptors, global economics, and international leadership. Also, it identifies some patterns in perceptions of the EU in social development, climate change, research/technology, development assistance, culture, the case of the critical juncture in the survey (pandemic), and the EU as a normative setter. The final section offers some general trends in the perceptions of the EU in Latin America.
AVA e redes sociais em disciplinas de Matemática na graduação à distância
Authors: Rezende Ana Carolina da Silva Chagas
Published: January 2023

Este artigo estabelece uma discussão sobre o uso de AVA e Redes sociais no ensino de disciplinas matemáticas na graduação a distância. Durante o processo foram realizados estudos sobre o ensino da matemática à distância, como por exemplo, quais são os “gaps”, as dificuldades, os fatores que influenciam nesse processo de ensino e aprendizado. Foi realizada pesquisa prática aplicada através de formulários online para professores e alunos da graduação a distância, em contato com disciplinas voltadas à matemática. Esta pesquisa revelou que as redes sociais são um instrumento poderoso no ensino da matemática, mas não são o fator principal para o êxito desse processo. O sucesso do processo é um conjunto de ações tais como, boa comunicação, feedback constante de professores e alunos, uma boa coordenação de todo o processo do plano curricular e da comunicação entre o corpo docente, papéis e responsabilidade bem definidas entre o professor e o aluno, o sentimento de pertencimento a rede, e por fim os instrumentos de tecnologias digitais ao favor de todo o processo. Para finalizar, foi identificado novas perspectivas sobre estes estudos como a criação de uma BNCC para o curso EAD, garantindo normas e procedimentos adequados como base nesta modalidade de ensino, e uma possível regularização do uso das redes sociais de forma a ter registrado os direitos e deveres para os atores da utilização dessa tecnologia.
What is known about the rehabilitation management of functional neurological disorder in the adult physical hospital setting: A scoping review
Authors:   , Wilson Sonya
Published: January 2023

Background: Functional Neurological Disorder (FND), historically known as Conversion Disorder, is a condition that lies at the intersection of physical health, mental health, and neurology as the symptoms of this condition affect the body, but the underlying cause is non-organic in nature. The reconceptualisation of FND from being considered a purely psychiatric disorder has led to a period of evolution in the way this disorder is managed within the hospital setting in recent years. Objective: This scoping review examined the research surrounding the hospital-based management of FND after the diagnosis had been made. The aim was to explore the body of evidence surrounding this topic and draw on the many disciplines that make up the team working with this cohort of people within the hospital setting. Methodology: Guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Manual for Evidence Synthesis and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews extension for Scoping Reviews (PRIMSA-ScR) a thorough search of the literature was completed and ultimately selected 16 articles for inclusion in this review. Findings: A descriptive summary of the literature was made using a charting table, detailing the included studies characteristics, from which four themes were identified and explored: Positive communication; Charting the person’s journey; Creating an enabling environment, and Promoting recovery. Conclusion: Findings from the review pointed towards the importance of having a cohesive and unified vision for the in-patient team working with a person with FND, with positive communication being identified as a key element. Areas of further research have been identified including the need to have a greater understanding of the person with FND’s journey in the hospital setting, as perception is a key element of the FND experience.
Hypofractionated Radiation Versus Conventional Fractionated Radiation: A Network Analysis
Authors: Arjmand Babak , Rezaei-Tavirani Mostafa , Hamzeloo-Moghadam Maryam , Razzaghi Zahra , Khodadoost Mahmood , Okhovatian Farshad , Zamanian-Azodi Mona , Ansari Mojtaba
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Conventional fractionation (CF) and hypofractionation (HF) are two radiotherapy methods against cancer, which are applied in medicine. Understanding the efficacy and molecular mechanism of the two methods implies more investigations. In the present study, proteomic findings about the mentioned methods relative to the controls were analyzed via network analysis.Methods: The significant differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) of prostate cancer (PCa) cell line DU145 in response to CF and HF radiation therapy versus controls were extracted from the literature. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed via the STRING database via Cytoscape software. The networks were analyzed by "NetworkAnalyzer" to determine hub DEPs.Results: 126 and 63 significant DEPs were identified for treated DU145 with CF and HF radiation respectively. The PPI networks were constructed by the queried DEPs plus 100 first neighbors. ALB, CD44, THBS1, EPCAM, F2, KRT19, and MCAM were highlighted as common hubs. VTM, OCLN, HSPB1, FLNA, AHSG, and SERPINC1 appeared as the discriminator hub between the studied cells.Conclusion: 70% of the hubs were common between CF and HF conditions, and they induced radio-resistance activity in the survived cells. Six central proteins which discriminate the function of the two groups of the irradiated cells were introduced. On the basis of these findings, it seems that DU145-CF cells, relative to the DU145-UF cells, are more radio-resistant.
Introducing Protein Homeostasis and Glycogen Synthesis as Two Targets of Blue Light Radiation in Lentinula edodes
Authors: Vafaee Reza , Hamzeloo-Moghadam Maryam , Razzaghi Zahra , Nikzamir Mahfam , Rostami Nejad Mohammad , Mansouri Vahid
Published: January 2023

Introduction: There are documents about the biological effects of blue light radiation on different organisms. An understanding of the molecular mechanism of radiation effects on biological samples is an important event which has attracted researchers’ attention. Determining the critical dysregulated proteins of Lentinula edodes following blue light radiation is the aim of this study.Methods: 22 differentially expressed proteins of L. edodes in response to 300 lux of blue light were extracted from the related literature. Experimental, text mining and co-expression connections between the queried proteins were assessed via the STRING database. The maps were compared and the critical proteins were identified.Results: Among the 21 queried proteins, six individuals including heat shock HSP70 protein, 20S proteasome subunit, 26S proteasome subunit P45, Aspartate aminotransferase, phosphopyruvate hydratase, and phosphoglucomutase were highlighted as the critical proteins in response to blue light radiation. Conclusion: The finding indicates that protein homeostasis and glycogen synthesis are affected by blue light radiation. Due to the critical roles of proteins as enzymes and structural elements in life maintenance and involvement of glycogen synthesis in energy consumption, blue light radiation can be considered as a life promotional agent in future investigations.
Er:YAG Laser Debonding of Lithium Disilicate Laminate Veneers: Effect of Laser Power Settings and Veneer Thickness on The Debonding Time and Pulpal Temperature
Authors: El-Damanhoury Hatem M. , Salman Basheer , Kheder Waad , Benzina Dalenda
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Er:YAG laser is a non-destructive tool for debonding of laminate veneers. This study investigated the effect of different laser powers on the pulp temperature and the time required to perform the debonding of lithium disilicate laminate veneers with different thicknesses. Methods: The labial enamel of 48 maxillary central incisors was flattened and polished. The teeth were restored with flat lithium disilicate ceramic veneers (4.0 mm×6.0 mm) with one of two different thicknesses (0.5 and 1.0 mm). Veneer debonding was performed with an Er:YAG laser with a wavelength of 2940 nm, pulse duration of 100 μm (VSP mode), 10 Hz, and one of the three laser power settings: 1.5 W (150 mJ), 3.0 W (300 mJ). and 5.4 W (540 mJ) (n=8). Veneer detachment time and intra-pulp temperature change (ΔT) were measured. Statistical analysis was performed using the two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s post hoc test (α=0.05). The correlation between debonding time and temperature change was calculated using Pearson’s correlation. Results: The longest time was recorded to remove the 1.0-mm veneer at 1.5 W (P<0.05) and the shortest time was recorded when deboning the 0.5 mm veneer with 5.4 W (P<0.05). ΔT decreased significantly with increasing laser power. A low correlation was found between time and ΔT (R²=0.113). Conclusion: Laser power and veneer thickness are important factors for veneer debonding; thinner veneers are removed faster. When debonding thick veneers, 5.4W laser power is more efficient and causes fewer changes to the pulp temperature.
Combination of Dental Capping Agents With LowLevel Laser Therapy Increases the Cell Viability Percent of Stem Cells From Apical Papilla (SCAPs)
Authors: Zafari Jaber , Karkehabadi Hamed , Nikzad Forough , Esmailnasab Sogand , Abbasi Javan Zahra , Javani Jouni Fatemeh
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Dental pulp capping is a technique that is highly applicable in dental restorations. In this technique, a material is directly placed over the exposed pulp tissue, which promotes pulp healing and generates reparative dentin. Herein, we aimed to investigate the combined effect of different pulp capping agents, including mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Emdogain (EMD), calcium-enriched mixture (CEM), and low-level laser therapy (LLLT), on enhancing viability and proliferation of stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs). Methods: SCAPs were isolated from two immature third molar teeth through collagenase type I enzymatic activity. Isolated stem cells were then cultured with DMEM and α-MEM media enriched with 15% and 10% FBS respectively. After reaching 70%-80% confluency, the cells were seeded in a 96-well plate. Cell viability percent was assessed using the MTT assay after treatment with MTA, EMD, CEM and LLLT (λ=630 nm, 5 mW, 4 J/cm2 ) alone and in combination for 24, 48 and 168 hours. Results: Combination of MTA, CEM, EMD and LLLT resulted in significantly increased SCAPs viability as compared with other treatment groups. Increased SCAPs proliferation and viability were also observed in groups treated with the combination of MTA and CEM with EMD. However, the SCAPs survival rate in all defined time spans was reduced after treatment with MTA and CEM alone. Conclusion: LLLT can be a stimulator of SCAPs cell viability when applied in combination with dental capping agents such as MTA, EMD and CEM, providing a therapeutic option for stem cell-based dental regeneration.
Laser-Induced Smoke in Dermatologic Practice: A Survey to Explore Hazard Perceptions, Safety Measures and Unmet Needs
Authors: Fransen Frederike , Hiel Marjolein A.J. , Al-Niaimi Firas , Badawi Ashraf , Haedersdal Merete , Laubach Hans-Joachim , Snauwaert Johan E. , Wolkerstorfer Albert
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Inhalation of laser-induced smoke is a potential health hazard to exposed physicians and laser operators. To date, little is known about the perception of health hazards related to laser-induced smoke exposure among physicians and the actual use of safety measures to mitigate these risks. Methods: In May 2020, 514 members of the European Society for Lasers and Energy-Based Devices (ESLD) were invited by email to participate in an online survey. The survey comprised 16 questions including multiple-choice and open-ended questions. Results: Responses were received from 109 participants. The majority (90%) were aware of potential hazards and highlighted a desire for better protective measures (60%). A smoke evacuation system was frequently used with ablative lasers (66%) and fractional ablative lasers (61%), but less the case with non-ablative lasers (30%) and hair removal lasers (28%). The COVID-19 outbreak had no clear effect on the use of smoke evacuation systems. Prior to the COVID-19 outbreak, mainly surgical masks were used (40-57%), while high filtration masks (FFP1, FFP2 or FFP3) were used by only a small percentage (15-30%). Post COVID-19 outbreak, the use of high filtration masks increased significantly (54-66%), predominately due to an increase in the use of FFP2 masks. Reasons mentioned for inadequate protective measures were sparse knowledge, limited availability, discomfort, excessive noise, high room temperatures, and financial costs. Conclusion: While there is considerable awareness of the hazards of laser-induced smoke among physicians and laser operators, a substantial number of them do not use appropriate protective measures. The implementation of regulations on safety measures is hampered by sparse knowledge, limited availability, discomfort, excessive noise, financial issues, and high room temperatures.
The Effect of Time-Dependence of 10 Hz Electromagnetic Field on Spatial Learning and Memory in Rats
Authors: Zarrin Farzaneh , Mahdavi Seyed Mohammad , Modarresi Chahardehi Amir , Razzaghi Zahra , Ahmadi Nayebali
Published: January 2023

Introduction: In everyday life, electrical devices are the primary sources of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF), and the human body may be a great conductor of these fields. We chose alpha band power, especially at 10 Hz frequency, due to its prior beneficial role in memory. The purpose was to clarify whether there is a relationship between ELF-EMF exposure and cognitive deficits in rats, clinical signs, behavioral analysis, and the impact of ELF-EMF during different times of exposure on neuroplasticity via the expression of BDNF. Methods: Forty adult male rats were selected randomly. The rats were exposed to ELF-EMF (10 Hz, 4 mT) for 7 days and 30 days, one hour daily. The expression of BDNF proteins in the hippocampus was evaluated after sacrificing animals to assess learning and memory function. The body weight of rats in the long-term exposed group differed significantly (P<0.05). The level of BDNF mRNA in the hippocampus was found by the RT-PCR method. Results: Our findings indicate that exposure to ELF-EMF affects spatial learning and memory and can improve memory, especially with long-term exposure. In addition, we discovered a significant difference in the long-term exposed group (P<0.05), where radiation for 30 days resulted in a substantial rise in BDNF levels. Conclusion: After prolonged exposure, male rats spent more time and traveled a greater percentage of their distance in the target quadrant, demonstrating that long-term exposure improves spatial memory and that 10 Hz might be safe.
Nd:YAG Laser Tattoo Removal in Individuals With Skin Phototypes IV-VI: A Case Series
Authors: Pincelli Giancarlo , Sena Michelle Mota , Pavani Christiane
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Although tattoos are ancient and very popular among young people, it is also a reason for regret, and many people today have a desire to remove them. Among the possibilities for this, laser removal is the most successful procedure with the highest degree of pigment removal and the lowest risk of complications. Methods: This study was recorded on three patients with tattoos, and only the black pigments were removed. None of the patients involved had a history of skin allergies, skin cancer, and/or keloid formation. Case 1 had a professional tattoo removed in the right calf region in two sessions. Case 2 had an amateur tattoo that was removed on the scalp in three sessions. Finally, Case 3 had two professional tattoos, which were removed from the face in a total of eleven sessions. The following equipment was used: Spectra XT Q-Switched Nd:YAG 1064 nm with a pulse width of 5 ns; Pico Ultra 300 Nd:YAG 1064 nm with a pulse width of 300 ps; and SoftLight Q-Switched Nd:YAG 1064 nm with a pulse width of 17 ns. Results: In general, satisfactory results were obtained, but hypopigmentation was present in Cases 1 and 3. This was probably due to sun exposure at the laser removal site, the short interval between the sessions, and/or higher radiant exposure combined with a smaller spot size, respectively. Conclusion: To achieve a successful tattoo removal in the higher phototypes and reduce unwanted effects, the professionals must know the best parameters to be used, as well as the adequate foundation on the individual characteristics of each patient and the tattoos. Furthermore, patient compliance with the pre/post session care and a suitable interval between the laser sessions are essential to avoid undesirable complications.
Faktor-Faktor yang mempengaruhi Nilai Perusahaan Manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Novelita Dewi Pertiwi , Nelliyana Nelliyana
Published: January 2023

The objective of this research is to obtain empirical evidence that leverage policy, liquidity, profitability, company size, investment policy, sales activity, free cash flow, and corporate growth influence firm value. The population of this research is all manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2016. Sixty-seven manufacturing companies are selected as the research sample using purposive sampling method. This research uses multiple regression method for hypothesis analysis. The empirical result of this research shows that leverage policy, profitability, size, and free cash flow positive influence firm value. However, liquidity, investment policy, sales activity, and corporate growth do not influence firm value.
Pengaruh Penerapan Sistem E-Filing, Pemahaman Perpajakan, Kesadaran Wajib Pajak, Sanksi Perpajakan, Pemahaman Internet, dan Kualitas Pelayanan terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi
Authors: Noviyanti Lucia , Febrianti Meiriska
Published: January 2023

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence and to determine the effect of the application of e-fiiling system, understanding taxation, awareness of taxpayers, taxable sanctions, internet understanding and quality of services on individual taxpayer compliance who registered in KPP Bekasi Region. This study uses primary data by distributing questionnaires via Google Form to individual taxpayers who registered in KPP Bekasi Region. The number of samples are 95 respondents. This research uses purposive sampling method. The method for the data analysis in this research is multiple linear regression processed by statistical tests. The results of this study indicate that the application of e-fiiling system, taxable sanctions, quality of services has an effect on individual taxpayer compliance, while understanding taxation, awareness of taxpayers, and  internet understanding  have no effect on individual taxpayer compliance.