bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical and Biochemical Markers of Risk in Uncomplicated Severe Acute Malnutrition
Authors: Dailey-Chwalibóg Trenton , Freemark Michael , Muehlbauer Michael , Roberfroid Dominique , Kemokai Issa A. , Mostak Md. Rayhan , Alim Md. Abdul , Khan Murad Md. Shamsher Tabris , Khan Md. Abul Hashem , Bawo Luke , Dunbar Nelson K. , Taylor Curtis H. , Fouillet Helene , Huneau Jean-Francois , Kolsteren Patrick , Guesdon Benjamin
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Use of mid–upper arm circumference (MUAC) as a single screening tool for severe acute malnutrition (SAM) assumes that children with a low weight-for-height z score (WHZ) and normal MUAC have lower risks of morbidity and mortality. However, the pathophysiology and functional severity associated with different anthropometric phenotypes of SAM have never been well characterized. We compared clinical characteristics, biochemical features, and health and nutrition histories of nonedematous children with SAM who had (1) low WHZ only, (2) both low WHZ and low MUAC, or (3) low MUAC only.

METHODS:

In Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, and Liberia, we conducted a multicentric cohort study in uncomplicated, nonedematous children with SAM and low MUAC only (n = 161), low WHZ only (n = 138), or a combination of low MUAC and low WHZ (n = 152). Alongside routine anthropometric measurements, we collected a wide range of critical indicators of clinical and nutritional status and viability; these included serum leptin, an adipocytokine negatively associated with mortality risk in SAM.

RESULTS:

Median leptin levels at diagnosis were lower in children with low WHZ only (215.8 pg/mL; P < .001) and in those with combined WHZ and MUAC deficits (180.1 pg/mL; P < .001) than in children with low MUAC only (331.50 pg/mL). The same pattern emerged on a wide range of clinical indicators, including signs of severe wasting, dehydration, serum ferritin levels, and caretaker-reported health deterioration, and was replicated across study sites.

CONCLUSIONS:

Illustrative of the likely heterogeneous functional severity of the different anthropometric phenotypes of SAM, our results confirm the need to retain low WHZ as an independent diagnostic criterion.
Antithrombotic Therapy in Complex Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Patients Requiring Chronic Anticoagulation
Authors: Benetou Despoina-Rafailia , Vlachakis Panayotis K , Varlamos Charalampos , Alexopoulos Dimitrios
Published: May 2021

The optimal antithrombotic treatment in patients receiving oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been a field of intensive research. Although triple antithrombotic therapy had been, until lately, the strategy of choice, recent evidence points to the superiority of dual antithrombotic therapy regarding bleeding prevention, without significantly compromising efficacy. In the further challenging scenario of complex PCI, associated with a higher ischemic risk, the efficacy of an aspirin-free strategy, adopted shortly after the index event is under question, rendering decision-making a fairly difficult scenario for clinicians. Since patients with an indication for oral anticoagulation undergoing complex PCI are underrepresented in randomized trials, there are scarce data regarding the optimal treatment strategy in such patients. This review aims to analyze and compare different approaches regarding the type and duration of antithrombotic regimens, focusing on both safety and efficacy outcomes, as well as to discuss recent guidelines’ suggestions regarding the therapeutic approach in patients receiving oral anticoagulation undergoing PCI procedures of increased complexity.
Las significaciones imaginarias de las comunidades pesquera-artesanales del seno Reloncaví, Chile
Authors: Retamal Alejandro
Published: May 2021

Este artículo analiza las significaciones imaginarias pesqueras, en las cuales lo imaginario social actúa como un elemento articulador y organizador del grupo en su relación con el ambiente litoral, en lo referente al desarrollo del tipo de pesquerías y a las formas de utilización de las artes de pesca, entre otros aspectos. En este sentido, las significaciones imaginarias focalizan su estudio en cómo una sociedad o colectivo —en este caso los pescadores artesanales—, perciben y hacen inteligible su mundo circundante del mismo modo en que experimentan y autorepresentan la vida cotidiana.
Esta investigación se desarrolló mediante el enfoque cualitativo y con base en un diseño de copresencia de métodos: histórico-etnográfico y participativo. De manera específica, el trabajo de campo se realizó en seis comunidades pesqueras que viven alrededor del seno Reloncaví, Chile: La Vega, Bahía Ilque, Panitao, Anahuac, Pichipelluco y La Arena. En cada una de estas caletas se realizaron observaciones etnográficas, entrevistas en profundidad y talleres con mapeo participativo, con el propósito de analizar los constructos identitarios pesqueros de esta zona litoral y las estructuras de cohesión de este colectivo. En el caso de las identidades pesqueras, estas fueron observadas a partir de las siguientes dimensiones: territorio, autodefinición, materialidad y otredad. En cuanto a los elementos de cohesión, el análisis se realizó a partir del rol de las organizaciones pesqueras como instancias que fortalecen la identificación del grupo y de su espacio circundante. De esta manera, al explorar las prácticas y discursos de los pescadores, nos adentramos en las significaciones pesqueras centrales, que en el caso de los pescadores del seno de Reloncaví giran alrededor de la cultura económica bordemarina, y de otras regiones periféricas, pero que también constituyen elementos identitarios que puedan ser resignificados para hacer frente a los inconvenientes que atraviesa la pesca artesanal.
Multi-population models to handle mortality crises in forecasting mortality: A case study from Hungary
Authors: Tóth Csaba G.
Published: May 2021

Central and Eastern European countries faced a serious mortality crisis in the second part of the 20th century, resulting in many years of decreasing life expectancy. In the last few decades, however, this was followed by a period in which mortality improved. This dichotomy of past trends makes it difficult to forecast mortality by way of stochastic models that incorporate these countries’ long-term historical data. The product–ratio model (Hyndman et al. 2013) is a model of the coherent type, which relies more closely on subpopulations with common socioeconomic backgrounds and perspectives to forecast mortality for all populations. This paper examines whether the product–ratio model is suitable for forecasting mortality in countries that have experienced serious mortality crises. To that end, we present a case study centered on Hungary, where the mortality crisis lasted three decades. The evaluation is founded on a comprehensive comparison of the product–ratio model and the classical Lee–Carter model. Our main finding is that in the Hungarian case, the product–ratio model is more reliably accurate than the classical Lee–Carter model. The superior performance of the product–ratio model may indicate that coherent models are better suited to handling mortality crises in forecasting mortality than are independent models.
Kendali Posisi Motor DC Menggunakan Logika Fuzzy Interval Tipe 2
Authors: Al Tahtawi Adnan Rafi
Published: May 2021

Kendali posisi motor DC sangat diperlukan dalam berbagai sistem dinamik. Karaketristik kekokohan pengendalian menjadi salah satu hal yang harus dipertimbangkan dalam pengendalian posisi motor DC. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengusulkan metode pengendalian posisi motor DC menggunakan kendali Interval Type 2 Fuzzy Logic (IT2FL). Berbeda dengan pengendali logika fuzzy tipe 1, pengendali ini memiliki fungsi keanggotaan dengan Footprint of Uncertainty (FoU) di setiap variabel linguistik. Kelebihan inilah yang menyebabkan kendali logika fuzzy tipe 2 memiliki karakteristik kekokohan terhadap ketidakpastian parameter sistem. Penelitian ini menggunakan simulasi Matlab/Simulink untuk menunjukkan respon pengendalian dengan penambahan sinyal derau dan dua skenario FoU. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa pengendali IT2FL menghasilkan performa lebih baik dibandingkan pengendali logika fuzzy tipe 1 dalam mengatasi derau pengukuran. Pada pengendali IT2FL, FoU 0,2 menghasilkan integral error yang lebih kecil dibandingkan FoU 0,1 dengan selisih terkecil sebesar 0,001. Position control of DC motor is indispensable in various dynamic systems. Control robustness characteristics are one of the things that must be considered in controlling the position of a DC motor. This paper aims to propose a DC motor position control method using an Interval Type 2 Fuzzy Logic (IT2FL) controller. Unlike the type 1 fuzzy logic controller, this controller has a membership function with a Footprint of Uncertainty (FoU) in each linguistic variable. The benefits of it cause the type 2 fuzzy logic control to have robust characteristics against the uncertainty of system parameters. This study uses a Matlab / Simulink simulation to show the control response with the addition of a noise signal and two FoU scenarios. The simulation results show that the IT2FL controller produces better performance than the type 1 fuzzy logic controller in overcoming measurement noise. In the IT2FL controller, FoU 0.2 produces an integral error that is smaller than FoU 0.1 with the smallest difference of 0.001.
Rancang Bangun Alat Batik Kulit Kepala Harimau Barongan Reyog Ponorogo Menggunakan Arduino
Authors: Santoso Andhik Budi , Riyanto Didik , Syaifuddin Gus Nanang
Published: May 2021

Ponorogo identik dengan kesenian dan kerajinan reyog, salah satunya adalah topeng Barongan. Material utama topeng Barongan adalah kayu dadap sebagai kerangka utama dan kulit harimau sebagai pelapis luarnya. Perburuan harimau dilarang keras dalam rangka konservasi satwa langka, sehingga memaksa pengrajin topeng Barongan mencari alternatif lain, salah satunya menggunakan kulit sapi yang diberi pola khas harimau. Namun teknik yang digunakan masih manual sehingga memerlukan ketelitian, ketekunan dan waktu yang relatif lama. Maka dalam penelitian ini dibuat alat batik kulit kepala harimau Barongan Reyog Ponorogo. Gerakan alat batik kulit Barongan diatur oleh G-Code dan diinput melalui Software Grbl sender. Arduino berfungsi sebagai kontroler yang selanjutnya dapat menggerakkan motor Stepper sebagai penggerak sumbu dan Solenoid sebagai penekan penbrush untuk pewarnaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan alat batik Barongan Reyog Ponorogo mampu membuat pola harimau pada ukuran 30 x 35 cm dan memiliki kualitas yang hampir sama dengan teknik manual dengan waktu pewarnaan 8 menit. Ponorogo has been famous for its Reyog arts and crafts, one of them is the Barongan mask. The main materials for the Barongan mask are Dadap wood as the mainframe and tiger leather as the outer coating. Tiger hunting is strictly prohibited in the context of the conservation of endangered species. To force the Barongan mask craftsmen for other alternatives, one of the alternatives is to use cow leather which is drawn with a typical tiger pattern. However, the technique used is still manual, meanwhile, the manual technique requires a lot of precision, persistence, and time. So the research aim is to design and implement the tool for drawing the Barongan tiger's scalp on Reyog Ponorogo. The movement of the Barongan leather batik tool was regulated by G-Code and input via the Grbl sender Software then accepted by Arduino as a controller which can then move the Stepper motor as an axis drive and the Solenoid as a pen brush press for coloring. The results of this study indicate that the Barongan Reyog Ponorogo batik tool can make a tiger pattern at a size of 30 x 35 cm and almost has the same quality as the manual technique with a coloring time of 8 minutes.
Integration of strategic and project management at the enterprises of the transportation complex
Authors: Marunych Valerii , Kharuta Vitalii , Kharuta Valentyna , Kravchuk Serhii , Hryhorevska Myroslava
Published: May 2021

The object of research is the integration processes of strategic and project management at the enterprises of the transport complex. The rapid pace of development of science and technology requires modern effective management tools in any sector of the economy, in particular, in the transport sector. The effective development of the transport industry is of fundamental importance both for the development of regions and for the country as a whole. This is due to the fact that the availability of transport facilities is an essential condition for the development of productive forces, a means of meeting the demand for freight and passenger transportation, ensuring the socio-economic unity of the state. There is a need for a strategic approach to the management of transport enterprises, the development of a unified approach to the integration of strategic and project management at transport enterprises as their long-term goals and objectives. Therefore, it acquires particular importance as a means of implementing the action program, which clarifies the goals and means of implementing the chosen path of development.
The paper proposes the construction of a conceptual model for the integration of strategic and project management at the enterprises of the transport complex, based on the implementation of the following stages:
– analysis of the stages of strategic and project management of enterprises is carried out;
– process of integration of strategic and project management at the enterprises of the transport complex is being built;
– on the basis of the developed integration process, a conceptual model for the integration of strategic and project management at the enterprises of the transport complex is being built.
As a result of this research, a conceptual model for the integration of strategic and project management at transport enterprises was developed, which combined separate approaches to management. This result made it possible to obtain an effective tool for integrated strategic and project management of transport enterprises, which will be useful in the process of forming their development strategy.
Theoretical justification of selecting a method for cultivation of mammal cells as a basis for designing membrane bioreactors in accordance with the requirements of good manufacturing practice
Authors: Semeniuk Serhii , Povodzinskiy Vadym , Shybetskiy Vladislav
Published: May 2021

The object of research is technological cultivation systems, the central element of which are bioreactors, which ensure efficient metabolism of mammalian cells (Metazoa). Fundamental differences in the phenotypic characteristics of mammalian cells from microorganisms and the special phase-hydrodynamic state of the cultivation system form special requirements for the design and operation of bioreactors. One of the most problematic areas in the process of using cell cultures to obtain medicinal products of biological origin is to ensure the correct cultivation conditions in order to obtain the maximum amount of the target product. The quality assurance system for drug production is based on good manufacturing practice, which puts forward a number of general requirements for the organization of production of drugs of specified quality, efficacy and safety.
The study analyzed the phenotypic characteristics of mammalian cells. The analysis of industrial cultivation systems is carried out and a new classification is proposed, which takes into account the phase-hydrodynamic state of the culture and the specifics of the hydrodynamics of the bioreactor. The analysis made it possible to determine membrane cultivation systems as the most promising. The choice of this cultivation system has a number of features, in particular, the provision of favorable conditions during a long process of cultivation of support-dependent cells. This system guarantees a constant and efficient supply of nutrients, including dissolved oxygen, and the removal of waste products. A wide range of materials for the manufacture of membranes allows to use an individual approach to different types of cell lines. Due to this, it is ensured that high cultivation rates are obtained - the density of cells on the growth surface, the provision of the necessary substances during the entire cultivation process without negative mechanical effects on the cells. The modular design of the membrane elements allows for scalability of the cultivation process from laboratory development to industrial cultivation. The results obtained in this work can be the initial data in the study of hydrodynamic and mass transfer characteristics and in the development or construction of new bioreactors, which will reduce the stage of laboratory development and accelerate the introduction of innovative drugs.
Analysis of technological potential for utilization of waste aviation lubricating materials
Authors: Boichenko Sergii , Yakovlieva Anna , Kale Utku , Nagy András
Published: May 2021

The object of research is technologies for waste aviation oils and lubricants recycling and utilization. The work is devoted to the analysis of the current state and the assessment of the technological potential in the field of processing and disposal of aviation lubricants. The current state and dynamics of the market for the production and consumption of aviation lubricants are considered. The main properties and functions of aviation oils and lubricants are analyzed, the main technical requirements for them are formulated. A complex of physical and chemical processes that occur in lubricants during their operation and long-term storage, and lead to a loss of their quality, is considered. It is shown that the main factors of quality deterioration are high-temperature destruction, oxidation, polymerization and condensation of hydrocarbons, mixing with fuel, and pollution with inorganic compounds. The main ecological as well as economic problems associated with the aссamulation of waste lubricants are considered, their negative impact on the components of the environment and human health is described. So, the main negative effects are associated with their improper storage, discharge into water bodies or soils, as well as with their burning and the formation of toxic emissions. On the basis of this, the need for the development and implementation of integrated technologies for the disposal of waste lubricating materials is shown. The main directions, methods and technologies that are used for their utilization are presented. So, depending on the composition, quality and properties of waste lubricants, technologies for restoring their quality, processing technologies using them as raw materials for the production of similar petroleum products, technologies for obtaining low-quality fuels for stationary equipment based on them can be used. It is shown that the development and application of effective technologies for the disposal of used lubricants has a number of positive effects: minimization of the negative impact on the environment, savings and expansion of oil resources for the production of commercial petroleum products, and, as a result, saving money.
Research of the role of investment and innovative activities in the process of management of medical institutions
Authors: Levchenko Iaroslava , Solopun Nataliya
Published: May 2021

The object of research is investment and innovation activity as a component of modern medical management. One of the problematic points is that the transformational transition from outdated management methods has caused the need to form a new management system, which should be implemented in all spheres of society's functioning. Even in those that were regulated only by government agencies. In particular, it is possible to talk about the health sector. But today, far from all medical institutions can show an effective management system of an institution. Therefore, there is a need to introduce a «new management» of health care institutions based on the use of investment and innovation tools.
In the course of the study, the following scientific methods were used, as a method of theoretical analysis when studying the foundations of the functioning of health care institutions and the approaches of neoinstitutional theory and the theory of transaction costs when studying the activities of institutions of medical infrastructure. As well as methods of theoretical analysis, comparison and generalization for a general analysis of the issue and for determining the properties of the management system of medical institutions.
The proposed work examines the development of the market for medical services on the example of Ukraine, along with state-guaranteed free medical care, in a correct and fair balance. Conclusions are drawn about the need to move from a system of exclusively budgetary financing of health care to a new budgetary and insurance model based on compulsory insurance. The importance of the search and development of investment funds, which will become the basis for the creation of a high-tech modern base of medical equipment and medical technologies, has been investigated.
Thanks to the research results, modern healthcare institutions will be able to more reasonably approach the issue of organizing their own innovative and investment activities; if implemented correctly, it will allow them to get additional profit and improve the institution's management system.
Development of expert assessment methods in planning energy supply of buildings with renewable energy sources
Authors: Boiko Olha , Shendryk Vira , Parfenenko Yuliia , Pavlenko Petr , Kholiavka Yevhenii
Published: May 2021

The object of research is the process of expert evaluation in planning the energy supply of buildings using renewable energy sources. The conducted research is based on the application of system analysis methods to formalize the process of expert evaluation in the planning of an energy system with renewable energy sources. Here were used methods of expert evaluation of characteristics of qualitative criteria, methods of the theory of fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic for the formation of the value of criteria, and methods of estimating the reliability of the expert evaluation. Methods of structural analysis and functional modelling of information systems are used to build structural and functional models of the expert evaluation process. The issue of creating an appropriate information system for planning a power system with renewable energy sources is considered. One of the components of the information system is the unit for evaluating candidate experts. A six-level algorithm of the hierarchical structure of expert selection is proposed. As a result of the algorithm, an expert group is formed. This paper shows the process of narrowing the circle of experts from twenty to three candidates. The list of criteria influencing the choice of experts is formed: length of service, availability of the certificate, the efficiency of decision-making, education. The process of assessing the stability of experts' opinions is shown. It is proposed to use the method of processing the opinions of experts to find the value of the membership functions of qualitative criteria. As a result of the study, a group of three experts was formed, whose opinions are taken into account when choosing alternatives to the energy system. In accordance with the proposed information technology of energy supply planning of buildings using renewable energy sources, an information system in the form of a web-oriented application is proposed. A separate part of the information system is a subsystem for working with experts. The diagram of sequence of actions of the expert and the interface of work with system is developed. The use of the information system allowed to increase the efficiency of questionnaires of experts and decision-making on the choice of the optimal structure of the power system as a whole.
Respondents’ perception of Risk Factors on Residential Property Development in Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Ogunbayo Oyeronke T
Published: May 2021

Significant risk factors such as social, technological, economic, environmental and political in the timing development, minimization of cost and expected return as they influence the successful delivery process of residential property development were investigated in this study towards enhancing real estate development decisions. This is expedient because it has been argued that the link between project success criterions determines a successful project delivery. Data were obtained from members of Real Estate Developers Association (REDAN) in Abuja through the use of a self-administered questionnaire. The respondents were asked to rate the influence of risk factors on residential property development parameters, and the data were computed using logistic regression analysis. The study revealed that real estate developers were more concerned with the influence of economic and technological risk than other sources of risk. Also, the statistical effects were computed through logistic regression analysis. It was explained by significant value (p<0.05) which depicts the likelihood of the risk factor which could either be positive or negative, as explained by beta (β). The findings revealed the effect of economic risk factors in timing development to be (β=1.833, p<0.05). Also, the effect of technological risk factors to influence development cost were found to be (β=--.187, p<0.05) while the effect of economic risk factors on return was found to be (β=1.026, p<0.05). The main contribution of the study to the body of knowledge is developing a risk factors assessment technique for practitioners and academia to assess the residential property development performance as related to timely completion, cost and returns to enhance the need to develop competence in managing and minimizing the effect of risk factors on the residential investment appraisal.

Keywords: Development appraisal, Expected return, Profit maximization, Residential property, Risk analysis, Time.
Prontuário eletrônico em terapia intensiva: validação de instrumento sobre percepção e satisfação da enfermagem
Authors:   Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto - Universidade de São Paulo, Vieira Medeiros Costa Daiane , Rossato Gomes Vanessa , Limeira de Godoi Ana Maria
Published: May 2021

Introdução: A assistência à saúde requer o registro das atividades desenvolvidas, realizado por meio do prontuário eletrônico do paciente, ferramenta que permeia muitas tarefas, sobretudo, em unidades de terapia intensiva. Problemas nesses sistemas eletrônicos ocasionam consequências com impacto para a assistência. O objetivo foi avaliar a percepção sobre o uso do prontuário eletrônico e a satisfação dos profissionais de enfermagem intensivistas, bem como validar um instrumento de pesquisa para esse fim. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal, quantitativo, desenvolvido na cidade de São Paulo. O instrumento de coleta foi elaborado pelas autoras e validado com relação à aparência e conteúdo. As variáveis categóricas foram comparadas pelo Teste Exato de Fisher e Qui Quadrado; e as variáveis numéricas pelo Teste de Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 75 profissionais de enfermagem, a maioria era do sexo feminino, pertencentes a categoria de técnicos de enfermagem. A maioria classificou o prontuário eletrônico do paciente como fácil; referiu conhecimento suficiente sobre o prontuário eletrônico do paciente; relatou quantidade insuficiente de computadores no setor e avaliou melhora na segurança do paciente e da equipe de saúde com a utilização do prontuário eletrônico do paciente. As mulheres reportaram maior insatisfação no uso do prontuário eletrônico do paciente, bem como os técnicos de enfermagem. Os enfermeiros têm maior dificuldade na utilização desta ferramenta. Conclusões: O prontuário eletrônico do paciente é fácil de usar e as principais dificuldades estão relacionadas às funcionalidades, sobretudo para os enfermeiros.
Simulation in nursing baccalaureate courses of Brazilian educational institutions
Authors: Cazañas Eduardo Fuzetto , Prado Rosana Leal do , Nascimento Tayomara Ferreira , Tonhom Silvia Franco da Rocha , Marin Maria José Sanches
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to characterize simulation practices in nursing courses in Brazil, considering the attributes developed, facilities, and challenges encountered. Methods: this is a cross-sectional and descriptive study, with a quantitative approach. Ninety-one coordinators of undergraduate courses participated in the study. An electronic questionnaire was used with open- and closed-ended questions. Results: the most used simulation modality is Specific Skills. Private courses and courses with integrated curricula most often use High Fidelity Simulation. Understanding the mobilization of affective attributes is still insufficient. Conclusion: it is important that undergraduate course managers are aware and take ownership of the elements that permeate simulation and invest to create a favorable environment for its effectiveness.
The psychiatric hospital worker in Wonderland
Authors: Pascoal Francilene Figueirêdo da Silva , Lordão Alana Vieira , Batista Jaqueline Brito Vidal
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To propose a reflection on the labor practice in a psychiatric hospital, emphasizing Brazil. Method: A theoretical-reflexive study with an analogy between work in a psychiatric hospital and the literary work “Alice in Wonderland.” Results: The complex movement of the psychiatric hospital’s history induces a discordant work process and demands from the worker a personified performance of a world of “wonders.” Final considerations: This manuscript contributed to the equalization of knowledge about the work in the psychiatric hospital, aiming to minimize the conceptual distortions identified and expose the worker’s real situation in these institutions.
Quality of life and falls in elderly people: a mixed methods study
Authors: Silva Thainara Lopes da , Motta Vanessa Vieira da , Garcia Willian José , Arreguy-Sena Cristina , Pinto Paulo Ferreira , Parreira Pedro Miguel Santos Dinis , Paiva Elenir Pereira de
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess elderly people’s quality of life, understanding the social representations of falls. Methods: a convergent mixed methods research carried out at homes, with a sample of 134 elderly people. A structured questionnaire was used, covering sociodemographic variables and factors that indicated frailty and risk of falling. For quality of life assessment, Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 and Theory of Social Representations, Abric’s structural approach were used, with data treated by dictionary of equivalent terms, processed in Evoc 2000, converging analytically according to Neuman. Results: quality of life impairment was identified in terms of physical, emotional and functional capacity. The elements of the possible central nucleus were fall, fear, and bruised-broken-bone. Final considerations: quality of life impairment can contribute to increase the number of falls, which has been shown to be an event present in elderly people’s lives through evocations. Understanding elderly people’s individual demands allows planning actions.
Working conditions of a nursing team in mental health facility
Authors: Morais Aline Silvia Esteves , Cordeiro Gisele Fernandes Tarma , Peters Angela Aparecida , Santos Tatiana Marques dos , Ferreira Rosa Gomes dos Santos , Peres Maria Angélica de Almeida
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze how the nursing team from a Psychosocial Care Center II relates its insertion in the service with the work process. Methods: Descriptive, analytical research outlined as a case study with a qualitative approach. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with nursing professionals and went through content analysis subsidized by Bardin’s work. Results: Two thematic categories emerged: a) Ways of intake in the nursing services at the Psychosocial Care Center; b) Setbacks in nursing routine at the Psychosocial Care Center. Final considerations: The fact that the professionals have not planned to work in mental health nor have training impacts the rhythm of psychosocial care development at the Psychosocial Care Center, forcing them to seek training in the field after admission. Unmotivated by the working conditions, the nursing team suffers from the absence of an interdisciplinary partnership and goes to great lengths to approach psychosocial care.
Nursing career anchors and professional exercise: is there alignment?
Authors: Nascimento Flaviana Pereira Bastos , Sousa Kayo Henrique Jardel Feitosa , Tomaz Ana Paula Kelly de Almeida , Tracera Gisele Massante Peixoto , Santos Katerine Moraes dos , Oliveira Elias Barbosa de , Zeitoune Regina Célia Gollner
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the types of career anchors of university hospital nurses and alignment with current work, from the perspective of workers’ health. Method: a descriptive and quantitative study, developed in a university hospital with 135 nurses, from December 2018 to February 2019. The Career Orientations Inventory was used as an instrument and an instrument to assess the alignment of career anchors to the current job. Results: it was identified that the most frequent anchors were: Security/Stability, Service/Dedication to a Cause, and Lifestyle. Among nurses, 63.7% were not aligned with their career anchor. Conclusion: the alignment factor is not prevalent among nurses, demonstrating that most seek to meet their professional motivations, but do not find it in their current work, which can lead to physical exhaustion and psychological distress.
Musculoskeletal disorders of older adults: an integrative literature review
Authors: Gomes Nildete Pereira , Pedreira Larissa Chaves , Nunes Simony Fabíola Lopes , Alvarez Angela Maria , Siewert Josiane Steil , Oliveira Lélia Mendes Sobrinho de
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze in available scientific literature what problems are caused to the musculoskeletal system of caregivers of older adults in the home environment. Methods: an integrative literature review indexed in the PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, SCOPUS, BDENF, LILACS and SciELO databases. Results: the sample totaled 17 studies that showed three thematic categories: Care overload for caregivers’ health; Caregivers’ physical illness; Caregiver self-neglect. Conclusion: the evidence identified health problems for caregivers of older adults, regarding the musculoskeletal system, demonstrating the importance of considering intervention strategies that provide guidelines for self-care guidelines, in order to prevent musculoskeletal complications resulting from older adults’ care activities at home.
SUS-30 years: right and access in a day in the life of Primary Health Care
Authors: Viegas Selma Maria da Fonseca , Nascimento Leila Cristine do , Menezes Cássia , Santos Thiago Rocha , Roquini Gabriel Rios , Tholl Adriana Dutra , Nitschke Rosane Gonçalves
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand access in a day in the life Primary Health Care as a fundamental right to health, from users’ perspective. Methods: a holistic-qualitative multiple case study based on Comprehensive Sociology of Everyday Life. 77 Unified Health System (SUS) users participated in the study. Results: according to users’ voice, the right to health is still a matter of struggle, in more than 30 years of SUS. SUS is considered as the place where they have to appeal. The experiences are diverse, from the ease to the difficulty of access, neglecting users’ needs, but despite the inequality in relation to the offer of services, the solution always arrives. Final Considerations: to overcome this historical obstacle of comprehensive access to health, as a fundamental human right, it is necessary to overcome political and administrative decisions that hinder the construction of legitimate SUS, in a truly democratic participation of all social actors.
Integrative review on the incidence of HIV infection and its socio-spatial determinants
Authors: Dias Bruna Rafaela Leite , Rodrigues Taymara Barbosa , Botelho Eliã Pinheiro , Oliveira Marília de Fátima Vieira de , Feijão Alexsandra Rodrigues , Polaro Sandra Helena Isse
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the socio-spatial determinants associated with the incidence of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) described in national and international literature. Methods: integrative literature review that included original articles indexed in the LILACS, PUBMED, CINAHL, and Scopus databases, from 2015 to 2019. The synthesis of the articles was done in a descriptive manner in two categories according to the type of approach. Results: 13 articles were selected, with a predominance of ecological studies. Regions with deficient access to health services, high population density, higher rates of poverty, intense migratory flow, border areas, as well as precarious socioeconomic conditions, and risk behaviors are associated with higher rates of infection. Final Considerations: the influence of regional inequalities on the incidence of HIV infection is revealed, confirming the relevance of spatial analysis techniques for mapping the distribution of diseases and identifying risk areas.
The use of gloves by the nursing team in a hospital environment
Authors: Rio Caroline do , Roseira Camila Eugenia , Perinoti Lívia Cristina Scalon da Costa , Figueiredo Rosely Moralez de
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to verify the compliance rate of the use of gloves by the nursing team in a hospital environment. Methods: a descriptive study, carried out in a hospital in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, between August and October 2019, through the observation of the nursing team in carrying out a total of 396 procedures. All ethical aspects were considered. Results: 32 different types of procedures were observed. The compliance rate with the use of gloves occurred only in one observation (0.25%). Excluding hand hygiene, it was 60.1% (238). In other 158 (39.9%) opportunities, incorrect use varied between reuse (18.43%), unnecessary use (8.33%) and non-use when necessary (13.13%). Hands were cleaned before using gloves in 1.76% of the observations and in 4.54% immediately after their removal. Conclusions: non-conformities were identified in the use of gloves when observing the performance of procedures by the nursing team.
Historical and social construction of the practices of auxiliary nurses and nurse technicians in Primary Care
Authors: Monezi Nathalia de Souza , Jesus Mariana Véo Nery de , Oliveira Luciana de , Silva Eliete Maria , Vilela Maria Filomena de Gouveia , Santos Debora de Souza , Marques Dalvani
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the practices of nursing auxiliaries and technicians in the context of Primary Health Care in a city in the interior of the state of São Paulo. Methods: transversal, quantitative study, realized with 104 nursing auxiliaries and 46 nursing technicians acting in the Primary Attention. The data, collected using structured questionnaires, are presented by descriptive statistics, and analyzed based on the essential elements of First Contact and Longitudinality. Results: the professionals were, majority, women, married, with children, low political and collective participation. We identified thirteen activities related to the First Contact: and ten on Longitudinality. Conclusions: the insertion and capillarization of auxiliary and nursing technicians’ practices show these professionals as the main ones responsible for the first contact in this context, highlighting their relevance in the longitudinality of care and the work composition of health teams, contributing to the consolidation of the Unified Health System (SUS).
Evaluation strategies in active learning in higher education in health: integrative review
Authors: Lemes Monike Alves , Marin Maria José Sanches , Lazarini Carlos Alberto , Bocchi Silvia Cristina Mangini , Higa Elza de Fátima Ribeiro
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze scientific evidence on evaluation strategies for active learning methods in health undergraduate programs. Methods: integrative literature review in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Nursing Database, Scopus, Web of Science and Education Resources Information Center databases. Results: different evaluation strategies are used: Presentation of seminars, Self-evaluation, Evaluation of student performance in Tutotest-Lite tutoring, Peer Evaluation, Active Learning and Critical Thinking Self-evaluation Scale, Objective and Structured Clinical Exam, Portfolio, Progressive Disclosure Questions, Modified Dissertation Questions, Progression Test, Dissertation Test, Objective Test, Immediate Learning Checks, Clinical Case Resolution and Cumulative Test. Final Considerations: evaluation strategies in active learning are used in combination, aiming at the affective, cognitive and psychomotor development of the student. However, studies with greater power of scientific evidence would be needed.
As múltiplas figuras de povo em discursos de Maquiavel
Authors: Ames José Luiz
Published: May 2021

Resumo Na leitura das três obras políticas maiores de Maquiavel, é recorrente o uso do termo popolo, ou algum correlato. Assim, se parece evidente o interesse de Maquiavel pela figura “povo”, o que ele entende por ela? Será possível fixar uma concepção suficientemente homogênea e definitiva de povo, no pensamento maquiaveliano, particularmente em Discursos? O propósito deste estudo é mostrar que, embora se faça presente uma ideia de popolo como ator político, na obra de Maquiavel, sua concepção não se deixa fixar de modo definitivo, menos ainda que ela possa ser homogênea e estática. Ao invés disso, pode-se sustentar que a concepção de povo, em Discursos, é polimórfica e varia segundo as conjunturas históricas concretas nas quais ele emerge na cena pública, de forma que se trata de uma ideia em permanente e contínua transformação.
El retorno de la naturaleza: la ética ambiental y la cuestión antropológica contemporánea
Authors: Valera Luca
Published: May 2021

Resumen Repensar la naturaleza en la época actual significa enfrentar las nuevas perspectivas desarrolladas por la ética ambiental, es decir, las respuestas a la crisis ecológica contemporánea. Los dos paradigmas ambientales principales, biocentrismo y antropocentrismo, antes que ser paradigmas éticos son dos visiones antropológicas desarrolladas a partir de una cierta idea del puesto del ser humano en el cosmos. En este sentido, el objeto de este artículo es destacar el hecho de que la ecología es una antropología y, debido a esto, para repensar la naturaleza tenemos que reformular nuestra visión antropológica, dada la insuficiencia a nivel teórico de los principales paradigmas ambientales.
Dos corpos como objeto: uma leitura pós-colonial do ‘Holocausto Brasileiro’
Authors: Matos-de-Souza Rodrigo , Medrado Ana Carolina Cerqueira
Published: May 2021

RESUMO A lei da reforma psiquiátrica brasileira reconfigurou o modelo assistencial em saúde mental no País, tendo como principal repercussão a mudança do regime asilar de tratamento para o tratamento em meio comunitário, realizado, sobretudo, nos diversos tipos de Centros de Atenção Psicossocial. A exigência de mudança do modelo assistencial foi encabeçada pelo Movimento da Luta Antimanicomial, que denunciou a corrupção do sistema hospitalocêntrico (soberano antes da reforma psiquiátrica) e a violação dos direitos humanos nos manicômios. A título de exemplo, no Hospital Colônia, localizado em Barbacena (MG), morreram cerca de 60 mil pessoas, fato retratado no livro ‘Holocausto Brasileiro’, de Daniela Arbex. Neste ensaio, abordaremos a obra de Arbex à luz do debate pós-colonial e biopolítico, que entende que os modos de produção do mal banal encontraram nas sociedades colonizadas uma forma de ação, perpetuação e naturalização da despersonalização do humano, aproximando-o da noção de objeto. O presente trabalho questiona o tratamento dado, no passado, à loucura dentro dos manicômios, como uma espécie de manifestação do mal banalizado no contexto colonial brasileiro, ao mesmo tempo em que conjectura a retomada do discurso manicomialista, agora com nova roupagem, nas políticas públicas brasileiras.
Guideline for incorporating the Delphi method in the evaluation of nursing theories
Authors: Borel Manuela Campos Gomes , Lopes Rafael Oliveira Pitta , Thofehrn Maira Buss , Nóbrega Maria Miriam Lima Da , Arreguy-Sena Cristina , Brandão Marcos Antônio Gomes
Published: May 2021

Objective: to describe a guideline for the use of the Delphi method to evaluate nursing theories, from the perspective of internal validation. Method: a methodological study, targeted at the development of a guideline for the use of the Delphi method in the evaluation of nursing theories. Results: the Delphi method, principles of collective wisdom and levels of proficiency are used in the production of a guideline for organizing, searching, selecting and coordinating the activities of theoretical evaluators in teams. It distinguishes three phases for the theoretical evaluation process: Preparatory Phase (PP); Intermediate Phase (IP) and Theory Evaluation (TE) phase, incorporating Delphi-type selection procedures; search, selection and classification of judges/evaluators for the theory; definition of criteria for carrying out rounds and maintenance or removal of units of the theory evaluated. Conclusion: the developed guideline was able to adapt the elements of the Delphi method as a favorable strategy for the internal validation of nursing theories.
Food handlers: an important reservoir of protozoans and helminth parasites of public health importance
Authors: Khan W. , Arshad S. , Khatoon N. , Khan I. , Ahmad N. , Kamal M. , UlHassan H. , Khan N. , Haq A.Ul , Ilyas M. , Ullah S. , Ullah I. , Mahmoud A. H. , Mohammed O. B.
Published: May 2021

Abstract Food handlers plays a primary role in the transmission of pathogenically important protozoans and helminth parasites. This study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of intestinal pathogenic protozoans and helminth parasites among food handlers in and around University of Malakand, Lower Dir, Pakistan. Stool samples were collected from 642 food handlers (all of male) in a cross-sectional study from January to November, 2017. Wet Mount Techniques and concentration methods by using salt and formol–ether solutions. Three hundred and eighty four cases (59.8%) were found infected with one more parasites. Most of the individuals were found infected with helminth (47.6%) as compared to intestinal protozoans (0.93%). Seventy two cases (11.2%) of the cases presented mixed infection with both intestinal protozoan and helminth parasites. The order of prevalence for intestinal helminth was Ancylostoma duodenale (n = 258, 40.1%), followed by Taeniasa ginata (n=96, 14.9%) Ascaris lumbricoides (n = 54, 8.40%) and Trichuris trichura (n=30, 4.60%). For intestinal protozoa, Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (n = 36, 5.64%) was the only protozoan detected. Mono-parasitism was higher than poly-parasitism. Family size income and education level were the factors significantly (P<0.05) associated in the parasites prevalence. Current research showed that IPIs are primarily the foodborne pathogens still an important public health problem in Pakistan. Effective control programs on parasitic diseases transfer and their associated factors are recommended.