bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Applications of AI-enabled Robotics in Healthcare
Authors: D’Silva Blaren , Gatti Rathishchandra R.
Published: December 2023

Robotics began roughly 30 years ago in medical applications, but it is still
relatively young for biological applications. Because of the precision, accuracy and
reproducibility of robotic technology, robotic interventions in medical fields, such as
robotic surgery, can enable doctors to work inside the human body, which is either
non-invasive or minimally invasive, with improved surgical results. The importance of
medical robots in the medical sector is intended to deliver good outcomes to assist
people in doing complex tasks that need a significant amount of time, accuracy,
concentration, and other routines that cannot be accomplished solely through human
capability. Due to advancements in AI and IoT and their convergence to AIoT, the
potential of medical robots has tremendously increased in the healthcare industry. The
chapter outlines the various applications of robotics in the healthcare sector, including
surgical, rehabilitation, telemedicine, and diagnostic. The advantages of robotics in
Healthcare are highlighted, along with the discussion on the current and future
challenges in their deployment and adoption. The role of AIoT in enhancing these
healthcare robots' cognitive and other capabilities is also discussed. Finally, the future
of robotics in Healthcare is explored, including emerging trends and technologies, their
impact on the healthcare industry, and the potential for innovation and growth.
An Overview of Current and Future Applications of Robotics In Surgical Operations
Authors: Arun Kumar Veerishetty , Rai Nishan , Badrinath A. R. , Kamath Abhishek , Gatti Rathishchandra R.
Published: December 2023

Technology has changed almost all aspects of our life. Similarly, in the
medical field, the new technology is Robotic surgery. Robotic surgery involves
employing robots in the process of surgery. The employed robot, known generally as
the surgical robot, is self-regulating, partially or entirely computer-controlled, and can
be programmed as required for the surgery. As different surgical robots are employed
for different types of surgery, robotic surgery improves patient care and ensures better
treatment than regular surgery. The purpose of this article is to provide an outline of the
main ideas of robotic applications used in surgery. This article aims to provide an
overview of robotics's current and future applications in surgical operations and the
advantages and disadvantages of surgical robots.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Findings and Evaluation in Regional and Diffuse Retinal Infarction
Authors: Roca-Fernandez Jose A. , Huaman-Mendez Nathaly V. , Llacctarimay Caleb
Published: December 2023

Optical Coherence Tomography- Angiography (OCT-A) can separately detect the superficial vascular plexus and the deep vascular plexus. Paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) is an idiopathic or secondary entity to a local retinal vascular or systemic disease, characterized by capillary vascular occlusions. Some authors recognize it as a variant of acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN). In general, the most frequent findings in the acute phase are a slight decrease in deep capillary plexus (DCP) perfusion, and hyperreflectivity of the middle layer; in the chronic phase, the findings are DCP hypoperfusion and hyporeflectivity of the middle layer.
Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy and Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy Represent Different Manifestations of the Same Disease
Authors: Quiroz-Gonzalez Erick A. , Quiroz-Reyes Miguel A. , Shao Zixuan
Published: December 2023

The pachychoroid spectrum has various clinical manifestations. There are three major characteristics, all of which have an unknown etiology and controversial pathogenesis: pachychoroid, presence of pachyvessels at the external choroid, and inner choroidal attenuation. This study describes a patient with clinical and multimodal manifestations in the pachychoroid spectrum, in which different clinical variants are presented in both eyes simultaneously. Specifically, the patient had an acute visual loss and massive hemorrhagic maculopathy in the right eye, and a chronic decrease in visual acuity and metamorphopsia in the left eye accompanied by pigmentary changes and subretinal fluid at the geometric center of the fovea. The patient underwent a complete ophthalmological examination and multimodal imaging and was diagnosed with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) and pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV); two different manifestations of the same disease spectrum occur simultaneously.

Owing to the active nature of the disease, the patient received three doses of intravitreal antiangiogenic agents in each eye. Many different degenerative etiologies have been considered, such as pathological choroidal neovascularization due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and pachychoroid spectrum. Evaluation of the choroid vasculature using swept-source optical coherent tomography (SS-OCT) and OCT angiography (OCT-A) revealed the origin of the disease to be idiopathic. PCV and PNV are considered to represent a single end-stage of the pachychoroid spectrum with different manifestations; the former presents with aneurysmatic characteristics, whereas the latter lacks this anomaly.
Personalized Virtual Reality Compared With Guided Imagery for Enhancing the Impact of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Training: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Pardini Susanna , Gabrielli Silvia , Olivetto Silvia , Fusina Francesca , Dianti Marco , Forti Stefano , Lancini Cristina , Novara Caterina
Published: December 2023

Background

Empirical evidence has shown that virtual reality (VR) scenarios can increase the effects of relaxation techniques, reducing anxiety by enabling people to experience emotional conditions in more vivid settings.

Objective

This pilot randomized controlled study aims to investigate whether the progressive muscle relaxation technique (PMRT) associated with a personalized scenario in VR promotes psychological well-being and facilitates the recall of relaxing images more than the standard complementary intervention that involves the integration of PMRT and guided imagery (GI).

Methods

On the basis of a longitudinal, between-subject design, 72 university students were randomly exposed to one of two experimental conditions: (1) standard complementary procedure (PMRT and GI exposure) and (2) experimental procedure (PMRT and personalized VR exposure). Individuals were assessed by a therapist before and after 7 training sessions based on measures investigating anxiety, depression, quality of life, coping strategies, sense of presence, engagement, and side effects related to VR exposure. Heart rate data were also collected.

Results

Differences in changes between the 2 groups after the in vivo PMRT session conducted by the psychotherapist (T1) were statistically significant for state anxiety (F1,67=30.56; P<.001) and heart rate (F1,67=4.87; P=.01). Individuals in the VR group obtained lower scores both before (t67=−2.63; P=.01; Cohen d=0.91) and after (t67=−7.23; P<.001; Cohen d=2.45) the relaxation session when it was self-administered by participants (T2). A significant reduction in perceived state anxiety at T1 and T2 was observed for both groups (P<.001). After the VR experience, individuals reported feeling higher engagement in the experience than what was mentioned by participants in the GI group (F1,67=2.85; P=.03; ηp2=0.15), and they experienced the environment as more realistic (F1,67=4.38; P=.003; ηp2=0.21). No differences between groups regarding sense of presence were found (F1,67=1.99; P=.11; ηp2=0.11). Individuals exposed before to the VR scenario (T1) referred to perceiving the scenario recalled in-imagination at T2 as more realistic than what those in the GI group experienced (F1,67=3.21; P=.02; ηp2=0.12). The VR group had lower trait anxiety levels than the GI group after the relaxation session during session 7 (T2; t67=−2.43; P=.02).

Conclusions

Personalized relaxing VR scenarios can contribute to improving relaxation and decreasing anxiety when integrated with PMRT as a complementary relaxation method.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05478941; https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05478941

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/44183
Differentiating ChatGPT-Generated and Human-Written Medical Texts: Quantitative Study
Authors: Liao Wenxiong , Liu Zhengliang , Dai Haixing , Xu Shaochen , Wu Zihao , Zhang Yiyang , Huang Xiaoke , Zhu Dajiang , Cai Hongmin , Li Quanzheng , Liu Tianming , Li Xiang
Published: December 2023

Background

Large language models, such as ChatGPT, are capable of generating grammatically perfect and human-like text content, and a large number of ChatGPT-generated texts have appeared on the internet. However, medical texts, such as clinical notes and diagnoses, require rigorous validation, and erroneous medical content generated by ChatGPT could potentially lead to disinformation that poses significant harm to health care and the general public.

Objective

This study is among the first on responsible artificial intelligence–generated content in medicine. We focus on analyzing the differences between medical texts written by human experts and those generated by ChatGPT and designing machine learning workflows to effectively detect and differentiate medical texts generated by ChatGPT.

Methods

We first constructed a suite of data sets containing medical texts written by human experts and generated by ChatGPT. We analyzed the linguistic features of these 2 types of content and uncovered differences in vocabulary, parts-of-speech, dependency, sentiment, perplexity, and other aspects. Finally, we designed and implemented machine learning methods to detect medical text generated by ChatGPT. The data and code used in this paper are published on GitHub.

Results

Medical texts written by humans were more concrete, more diverse, and typically contained more useful information, while medical texts generated by ChatGPT paid more attention to fluency and logic and usually expressed general terminologies rather than effective information specific to the context of the problem. A bidirectional encoder representations from transformers–based model effectively detected medical texts generated by ChatGPT, and the F1 score exceeded 95%.

Conclusions

Although text generated by ChatGPT is grammatically perfect and human-like, the linguistic characteristics of generated medical texts were different from those written by human experts. Medical text generated by ChatGPT could be effectively detected by the proposed machine learning algorithms. This study provides a pathway toward trustworthy and accountable use of large language models in medicine.
SAĞLIK KURUMLARINDA ÇALIŞAN PERSONELİN HİZMET İÇİ EĞİTİM TUTUMLARI İLE İŞ TATMİNİ DÜZEYLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLERİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: DEMİR İzzet , ABA Gökhan
Published: December 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışma, sağlık kurumlarında çalışan personelin hizmet içi eğitim tutumları ile iş tatmini düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Araştırma, X Hastanesi’nde çalışan 11974 personelin içerisinden tabakalı örneklem yöntemine göre belirlenmiş 412 kişi üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Veriler tanıtıcı bilgi formu, hizmet içi eğitim ölçeği ve iş tatmini ölçeğinin yer aldığı anket formu üzerinden toplanmıştır. Tanımlayıcı istatistikler için SPSS 26 programında, Kruskall Wallis Testi, Bağımsız Örneklem t Testi, Pearson Korelasyon Analizi ve Regresyon analizleri, Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi için AMOS 26 programı kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Hekimlerin hizmet içi eğitim tutumlarının, hemşirelerden ve işçilerden daha düşük düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hekimlerin ve hemşirelerin iş tatmini düzeylerinin, diğer sağlık personellerinin ve işçilerin iş tatmini düzeylerinden daha düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların hizmet içi eğitim tutumları ile iş tatmini arasında zayıf ve anlamlı düzeyde ilişkinin olduğu bulunmuştur. Katılımcıların hizmet içi eğitim tutumundaki 1 birimlik artışın ise iş tatminini 0,305 birim artırdığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, hizmet içi eğitim tutumu ile iş tatmini arasındaki ilişki düzeyi zayıf bulunmuştur ancak hizmet içi eğitim programlarının güncel tutulmasının ve farklı alanlarda çalışan personelin beklentilerini karşılayacak şekilde planlanmasının, iş tatmini düzeylerini daha da fazla arttıracağı düşünülmektedir.
Makna Fungsi Pañcatathāgata di Candi Bubrah
Authors: Waluyo Waluyo , Yasa I Wayan Suka , Wirawan I Gusti Bagus
Published: December 2023

The pañcatathāgata statues at Candi Bubrah are functionally valuable in the large structure of the temple as a maṇḍala. The symbolic and semiotic dimensions of the pañcatathāgata archaelogical artifact at Candi Bubrah, which represent the objects of meditation in the stages of achieving Buddhahood, need to be studied. This research aims to describe the doctrinal reasons behind the presence of the pañcatathāgata in Candi Bubrah; analyze their function in meditation practices; and explain the significance of these function for the achievement of Liberation. Peirce’s trichotomy relations analysis and Strauss’s structuralism approach with qualitative methods are used to examine the material objects of this study. The pañcatathāgata at Candi Bubrah serves as a guide in practicing Buddhist meditation. The meditative functions of the pañcatathāgata statues, each with its own characteristics, as objects of meditation for the development of tranquility, are as follows: Akṣobhya, representing the bhūśparsa mudra, the east, the blue element, the vajra symbol, the physical element, rejection, mirror-like knowledge; Ratnasambhava, with the varada mudra, the south, the yellow element, the jewel, perception, arrogance, knowledge of equality; Amitābha, reflected by the samādhi mudra, the west, the red element, the lotus, the forms of the mind, greed, knowledge of differentiation; Amoghasiddhi, with the characteristic of the abhaya mudra, the north, the green element, the viśvavajra, the knower, jealousy, knowledge of attainment; and Vairocana, with the dharmacakra mudra, the center, the white element, the wheel, feelings, misunderstanding, knowledge of what is. The meditative functions of the pañcatathāgata statues, which represent mental qualities, significantly lead someone to Liberation.
Spiritual mentoring and work meaningfulness:The mediating role of calling
Authors:   Korean Academy of Leadership, Park Joon Hyung , H H
Published: December 2023

Given the significance of work meaningfulness, it is crucial for organizations to understand how to foster and enhance it. This paper focuses on one particular avenue to bolster work meaningfulness: the spiritual dimension of work, specifically spiritual mentoring. Despite the importance of understanding the effects of spiritual mentoring on work meaningfulness, research in this area remains limited. Thus, we attempt to provide an understanding of the spiritual mentoring process that increases the work meaningfulness of protégés. Our sample data was collected from employees across a diverse range of organizations in China. We received complete responses from 152 participants, and the data was analyzed using the structural equation modeling method. Our results confirmed that a protégé's sense of calling mediated the relationship between the mentor’s spiritual mentoring and work meaningfulness. We make several important contributions to the relevant literature by introducing a new perspective, drawing a connection between mentoring and spirituality within the work environment. We investigate the relationship between spiritual mentoring and the meaningfulness of work for protégés, thus broadening the scope of mentoring literature to include spiritual mentoring. Additionally, this study delves into the mechanism linking spiritual mentoring and the work meaningfulness of protégés.
Protesta social, paz y seguridad humana: ¿Una nueva mirada desde la Policía Nacional Colombiana?
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Molina Orjuela Douglas Eduardo , Márquez Villamizar Luz Alejandra ,   Direccion de Sanidad de la Policia Nacional
Published: December 2023

Dado al desarrollo de los conflictos existentes en el devenir histórico de la sociedad colombiana, el 2020 significó un punto de inflexión ciudadana e institucional fruto de convulsiones sociales que se venían presentando y que exigieron respuestas para reformular las funciones de la Fuerza Pública. El presente artículo explora el contexto histórico que dio paso a dicho proceso de reflexividad y a su vez, asume un posicionamiento teórico y político en cuanto a la perspectiva de la fuerza pública en el proceso actual de transformación a una cultura de la paz institucional y social. Lo anterior, a través de una metodología cualitativa de carácter hermenéutico comprensivo que permita desde la experiencia colombiana explorar cuáles son las formas para aportar a la construcción de una cultura de paz. Así, finalmente, la Seguridad Humana se presenta como un concepto y práctica que permite afianzar en las instituciones los Derechos Humanos y trabajar en pro de su promoción y respeto, generando confianza entre la Fuerza Pública y la sociedad, y un cambio de paradigma instituciona y social que nos reconcilie como país.
Los residuos sólidos en Boyacá: Identificación para el reconocimiento del conflicto socioambiental
Authors:   Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia, Niño Hernández Wilmar , Mendieta Luz Mireya ,   Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
Published: December 2023

El presente texto analiza el conflicto socioambiental en la vereda de Pirgua. A su vez, la investigación define las causas que le dan origen, y propone una política pública que permita establecer un modelo de cómo asumir los grandes retos sociales y ambientales. El análisis de la investigación está dado por la caracterización de un fenómeno social (conflicto) mediante el modelo metodológico de tres etapas; análisis del conflicto, legitimidad de acción y los actores dentro del conflicto y, por último, el conflicto dentro de un conflicto central (Fontaine, 2004). La investigación encontró que existe una concentración de cargas ambientales negativas que vienen generando relaciones contrapuestas entre la comunidad que habita la vereda frente a las instituciones y empresas privadas que administran las cargas. Esta tención es causada principalmente por la inadecuada planificación territorial y el desconocimiento de los enfoques que reconocen los derechos humanos dentro de la noción de desarrollo.
Values of Youth as a Resource for Developing the Company’s Internal Corporate Ideology: Globalization and Patriotism
Authors: Grishanin N. V. , Minevich Ya. V.
Published: December 2023

Corporate culture as it exists today is a cast of the Western European matrix, in which the ideology of the state is replaced by the values of the corporation. But modern realities form a new demand of society, moral principles and traditions develop modern legal relations.

The purpose of the article (in the form of confirmation or refutation of a scientific hypothesis) is to analyze the value system of youth, legal realities and ideological features of the formation of the Russian state around the factors of Russian identity: family, society, country, state, person, to describe the possibility of their inclusion in the corporate culture (employer) as the basic principles of corporate governance.

The group interview method and the content analysis method were chosen as the research method. The method of group interview allows each of the participants of the discussion to speak freely and the participants of the debate to form a unified representation of the group on the problems of corporate culture, which are based on the factors of Russian identity: family, person, society, country, state. The content analysis method allows, based on recorded discussions, to identify the key values of young people that can be included in the corporate culture of Russian companies.
The Phenomenon of Emergency in Socio-Economic and Strategic Aspects
Authors: Grinev S. A.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the structure and content of socio-economic crises as manifestations of emergencies and corresponding periods. With the help of general scientific and special methods, including comparative, the author reveals the evolution of crisis phenomena in the economy in relation to emergency periods, essentially reflecting the phenomenon of emergency. The historical analysis of economic crises is illustrated by the graphs of the impact of crises on basic economic indicators compiled by the author. The author’s definition of the concept of “emergency period” is given with the specification of the phenomena of its components (situation, situation, circumstance, incident). On the basis of V.L. Kvint’s strategic methodology, the necessity of strategizing the emergency period from the point of view of prevention, overcoming and getting out of it is substantiated. At the same time, the author believes that economic crises from their inception to their peak are essentially extraordinary periods that require appropriate strategizing according to the phases of the economic cycle: strategies for crisis prevention, prevention or mitigation of depression, as well as ensuring the revival of the economy with an exit from a particular emergency period.
The Role of the General Plan in the Development of Modern Cities on the Example of St. Petersburg
Authors: Minina M. V. , Rehakkainen D. A.
Published: December 2023

This article discusses the process of forming the General Plan of St. Petersburg. The short-comings of the existing General Plan of St. Petersburg are revealed. The concepts of the General Plan, territorial planning documents, the process of making changes to the General Plan of St. Petersburg are analyzed. Based on the conducted research, the author proposed a solution aimed at the optimal functioning of the General Plan.
Path Dependence and Problems of Governance: The Economist’s View
Authors: Khlutkov A. D.
Published: December 2023

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The Role of the Executive Authorities of the Russian Federation and the Republic Of Belarus in the Formation and Implementation of the Policy of Patriotic Education
Authors: Bakhlova O. V. , Bakhlov I. V. , Ulyashkina E. G.
Published: December 2023

Aims: identification of the specifics of the role of the executive authorities of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus in the actualization of the Union patriotic agenda.

Methods: informal content analysis of documents, content analysis of the content of Internet resources, formal legal method, methods of comparative and multilevel analysis.

Results and discussion: The conceptual foundations of the phenomenon of «patriotism» in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus are investigated through the prism of the existing functionality of executive authorities. The equivalent position of the countries regarding the semantics of the concept of «patriotism» is revealed along with national trends aimed at supporting various initiatives focusing on issues of patriotic education. The correlation of autonomous state processes in line with patriotism with collegial decisions of Russia and Belarus at the union level on the issue under consideration is shown. The concept of «patriotism» is defined through the prism of the modification of the paradigm of political processes, including at the site of the USBR, taking into account external challenges and threats.

Conclusion: The Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus are traditional partners, whose interaction initially had a pronounced axiological aspect. Modern realities in general, increasing external pressure encourage the mobilization of all resources to strengthen the anti-crisis potential and socio-political consolidation. The official discourse and practical events within the framework of the Union State demonstrate the actualization of a new paradigm and integration mechanisms for the formation and strengthening of the Union patriotic agenda and the policy of patriotic education. Interdepartmental communications are of particular importance here. In general, the area under study remains in the field of action of national and interstate mechanisms.
Demographic losses of the Far East: assessment of economic damage
Authors:   The Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Belousova A.V. , Gritsko M.A. ,   The Economic Research Institute FEB RAS
Published: December 2023

The article presents estimates of the potential damage from demographic losses as a result of mortality and population migration for the economy of the Far Eastern Federal District as a whole and its constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The “retiring” population was considered as a producer of regional supply (production factor) and a producer of regional demand (consumer of final products). Using econometric analysis of the linearized Cobb-Douglas function, built on the basis of a panel data structure, a quantitative analysis of the decline in GRP with a reduction in the number of employed population aged 15–72 years was carried out for the period 2017–2021. Less sensitive to population mortality were resource regions whose specialized types of economic activity are characterized by relatively high capital intensity (the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the Kamchatka territory, the Magadan and Sakhalin regions, the Chukotka autonomous region). Losses in regional production due to the population loss as a result of migration exceeded losses from mortality in the all Far-Eastern regions. The highest potential economic damage was received in the Republic of Buryatia, the Trans-Baikal, Primorskiy and Khabarovsk territories, and the Jewish autonomous region. Using the method of commodity balances, taking into account the counter trade flows by T. Cronenberg and its subsequent hybridization, estimates of decrease in the regional output by the age groups of population for 2019 and 2020 were obtained. The main contribution to the total loss of regional output was made by the population over working age (in case of mortality) and the able-bodied (in case of migration).
M.N. KATKOV'S VIEWS ON LIBERALISM OF THE LATE 70S – EARLY 80S OF THE 19th CENTURY
Authors:   P.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University, IERUSALIMSKIY Yu.Yu. , IGUTIN I.V. ,   P.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the article is to analyze the contribution of Mikhail Nikiforovich Katkov to the development of ideas of liberalism in the Russian Empire of the late 70s - early 80s of the 19th century. The historical context and the ideological genesis of Katkov's views on liberalism in this period are revealed. The editor in chief of the «Moskovskie Vedomosti» in his leading articles at the turn of the 1870s – 1880s pays great attention to the criticism of liberalism in Russia. M.N. Katkov adhered to the point of view that the actions and ideas of Russian liberals led the state to disastrous consequences. As a result the authors come to the conclusion about the relevance of appealing to the position of M.N. Katkov in order to form an idea of the ideological struggle in the Russian Empire, which prepared the ground for the policy of «counter-reform».
OREL FREEMASONS IN THE LIGHT OF THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIAN FREEMASONRY
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, KOROLEV Yu.A.
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the article is to study the political activity of Russian Freemasonry of the 18th -20th centuries. The main idea of the research is the thesis that Freemasonry is not so much philanthropic, aimed at the moral improvement of a person, as the Masons themselves claim, but first of all it is an organization seeking to implement its political plans and establish a new world order. As a result, the author concludes that the natives of Orel province played important role in Freemasonry; he also examines the relationship between Freemasons and radical political organizations, both Russian and foreign.
THE MAIN POLITICAL FORCES OF RUSSIA IN THE FEBRUARY REVOLUTION OF 1917
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, branch of RANEPA, GORLOV A.V.
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the article is to study the role of the main political forces of Russia in the February Revolution of 1917. The author emphasizes that his revolution was a people's rebellion directed not so much against the autocracy as against the devastation caused by the World War and the dominance of oligarchic capital in the Russian economy. The Petrograd prole-tariat was in the forefront of the rebels. As a result, the author concludes that petty bourgeois liberals took advantage of the revolutionary confusion and the liberal illusions of the masses and headed the main organ of the revolution - the Retrograde Soviet of Workers' Deputies.
Ciberdocumentário AmarElo como dispositivo de experiências culturais periféricas
Authors: Dos Santos Rosemary , Barbosa Alexsandra , Reis dos Santos Amanda
Published: December 2023

Este artigo apresenta o ciberdocumentário Emicida: AmarElo – é tudo pra ontem, de Emicida (2019), como dispositivo de experiências culturais periféricas contemporâneas. Essa produção audiovisual se insere num contexto em que muitos/as artistas se posicionaram contra narrativas hegemônicas de violência e intolerância, defendendo o antirracismo, o feminismo e o direito às liberdades individuais, em loci virtuais, com grande capacidade de compartilhamento de ideias. Esses discursos, historicamente situados, contribuem para lançar luz sobre a atualidade, incluindo a circulação online de informações e conhecimento. AmarElo é aqui escrutinado, no campo da Educação, à luz da multirreferencialidade (ARDOINO, 1998) e das noções de experiência, resistência, cotidianos, artefatos culturais (CERTEAU, 2014) e habitus (BOURDIEU, 1989), buscando responder como um praticante cultural singular – Emicida – insere-se em uma rede de conexões ampla da periferia paulista; e como esta permeia a luta antirracista no país, além de buscar a intencionalidade histórico-cultural do lançamento de AmarElo.
Female Labor Force Participation and Uganda’s Economic Growth
Authors: Apire John Paul , Turyareeba Dickson , Olyanga Moni Anthony , Katutsi Vincent Patsy , Musiita Benjamin , Wamala Anthony
Published: December 2023

This comprehensive study explores the impact of various female labor force participation indicators on Uganda's economic growth, encompassing participation rate, educational levels, and fertility rate while considering confounding factors like capital formation and inflation. Utilizing a quantitative approach and a causal relationship research design, the study employs the ARDL (3, 3, 1, 1, 1, 2) model on quarterly data from 1990 to 2021. Results reveal a significant adverse short-term causal impact of the female labor force participation rate on economic growth, with no such effect in the long term. The educational levels and fertility rate exhibit statistically insignificant impacts in both short and long terms. The findings suggest a prevailing trend of female labor contributing predominantly to labor-intensive agriculture and the informal economy, without a noticeable shift to more lucrative sectors over the long run. Additionally, the study underscores the potential for short-term economic growth through birth control measures and policies enhancing physical capital stocks, contributing to our understanding of Uganda's economic progress within the neoclassical and U-shape development frameworks.
GeoAI Dataset for Training Deep Learning-Based Optical Satellite Image Matching Model
Authors: Yu Jin-Woo , Park Che-Won , Jung Hyung-Sup
Published: December 2023

Satellite imagery is being used to monitor the Earth, as it allows for the continuous provision of multi-temporal observations with consistent quality. To analyze time series remote sensing data with high accuracy, the process of image registration must be conducted beforehand. Image registration techniques are mainly divided into region-based registration and feature-based registration, and both techniques extract the same points based on the similarity of spectral characteristics and object shapes between master and slave images. In addition, recently, deep learning-based siamese neural network and convolutional neural network models have been utilized to match images. This has high performance compared to previous non-deep learning algorithms, but a very large amount of data is required to train a deep learning-based image registration model. In this study, we aim to generate a dataset for training a deep learning-based optical image registration model. To build the data, we acquired Satellite Side-Looking (S2Looking) data, an open dataset, and performed preprocessing and data augmentation on the data to create input data. After that, we added offsets to the X and Y directions between the master and slave images to create label data. The preprocessed input data and labeled data were used to build a dataset suitable for image registration. The data is expected to be useful for training deep learning-based satellite image registration models.
Water emulsion of the essential oil of Nepeta rtanjensis Diklic et Milojevic: Potential use as a bioherbicide
Authors: Prijovic Mladen , Nikolic Bogdan , Dragicevic Ivana , Nestorovic-Zivkovic Jasmina , Dmitrovic Slavica , Giba Zlatko , Jovanovic Vladan
Published: December 2023

Plant protection with natural products is a new trend in environmentally friendly agriculture. Nepeta rtanjensis Diklic et Milojevic is an endemic and critically endangered plant species in Serbia. We explored the phytotoxic potential of a water emulsion of Nepeta rtanjensis essential oil (NrEO) with high amounts of trans,cis-nepetalactone on five weeds. The most sensitive was Stellaria media (L.) Vill., as NrEO (from 0.013% to 0.1%) completely inhibited germination. Germination of Amaranthus retroflexus L. and Artemisia vulgaris L. was completely inhibited at the highest applied concentrations of NrEO (0.1%), while Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. germination was reduced to 48% at the same concentration of NrEO. The most tolerant species was Cephalaria transsylvanica (L.) Schrad. ex Roem. & Schult. as the final germination rate at the highest applied concentration of NrEO (0.1%) was 81%, like the control (82%). To our knowledge, this is the first time the interaction of essential oils on the germination and growth of A. vulgaris and C. transsylvanica is reported. The germination dynamics of S. media in pots with soil were significantly inhibited when the soil was initially treated with the highest applied concentration of the NrEO water emulsion (1%). Spraying S. media seedlings with NrEO significantly inhibited growth parameters (shoot height, shoot fresh weight, and the number of nodes) at the higher applied concentrations of NrEO (0.5% and 1%). Therefore, the water emulsion of the essential oil of N. rtanjensis could be potentially developed for use in the control of invasive and allergenic weeds.
The cyanide, cyanate, thiocyanate ambident anions: Structure, topological analysis of electron density, and homolytic oxidative coupling regioselectivity
Authors: Pankratov Alexei
Published: December 2023

At the B3LYP/6-311++G(3df,3pd) level of theory, the spatial and electronic structure of the cyanide, cyanate and thiocyanate ambident anions has been studied. By means of the natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis and the R. F. W. Bader?s quantum theory ?Atoms in Molecules? (QTAIM), the electron density delocalization and topological properties in the above anions have been investigated. The distribution of electron density (NBO, QTAIM) in the XCN- (X = O, S) anions is reflected by the scheme [X-?C=?N]-. The relative contribution of the hypothetical structure X=C=N- to the resonance hybrid -X?C?N ?X=C=N- is higher in the case of X = O. The degree of the C?N or C=?N bond triple character and bond strength changes in the following series of anions: CN- > SCN- > OCN-. The occupancy of the lone electron pair (LP) orbital of the nitrogen atom in the above anions is close to 2, and the LP orbital is sp-hybridized. Condensed K. Fukui functions for the electrophilic attack have been evaluated. Local hardness of the donor reaction centres: N > C (CN-), O > N (OCN-), N > S (SCN-). The regioselectivity of the homolytic oxidative coupling reactions of CN-, OCN-, SCN- has been substantiated.
Influence of grinding, pressing and sintering of the powder 50.0 wt% Fe, 47.0 wt% BaTiO3 and 3.0 wt% TiO2 on morphology, microstructure, magnetic and electric properties
Authors: Lukovic Milentije , Spasojevic-Savkovic Milica , Kosic Olivera , Barudzija Tanja , Lojpur Vesna , Maricic Aleksa , Spasojevic Miroslav
Published: December 2023

A mixture of 50.0 wt% Fe, 47.0 wt% BaTiO3, and 3.0 wt% TiO2 powders is milled
and then pressed and sintered. Samples sintered from ground powders have a
structure consisting of plates. They consist of the crystalline phase
BaFe12O19 and crystalline and amorphous phases Fe, BaTiO3, and TiO2. Samples
sintered from powders ground for more than 180 min are compact and composed
of BaFe12O19 crystals embedded in an amorphous matrix consisting of
amorphous BaTiO3 and TiO2 phases. Magnetization of a sample ground for 220
min gradually decreases with increasing temperature up to 440?C. This
decrease result from the transition of ordered domains into chaotically
directed domains. Above 440?C, the thermal energy is sufficiently large to
destroy ordered paramagnetic ferromagnetic and weakly ferromagnetic domains.
During sample cooling in the absence of an external magnetic field, the
temperature dependence of magnetization is the same as that obtained during
heating in the magnetic field. However, during the sample cooling in the
magnetic field, substantially higher values of magnetization are obtained.
Considerably higher magnetization of the cooled sample remains even after
switching off the external magnetic field. The sintered sample, previously
pressed in the magnetic field, has a higher dielectric constant than the
sample pressed in the absence of the magnetic field. The dielectric constant
decreases with increasing frequency.
Unveiling productivity growth in Indian life insurance firms through data envelopment analysis
Authors: Guha Majumder Madhumita , Sinha Ram , Cvetkoska Violeta
Published: December 2023

This study aims to examine total factor productivity (TFP) growth in the Indian life insurance sector from 2008?09 to 2017?18 using a non-parametric frontier methodology. The methodology's unique approach over a decade and nine observation windows provides insights into industry dynamics. Results indicate a negligible role of efficiency change, emphasizing the industry's reliance on technical advancements. The results are pivotal for industry stakeholders, policymakers, and researchers aiming to boost efficiency and competitiveness. The findings underscore the need for strategic adaptation to technological shifts and optimized managerial practices to drive sustainable productivity growth in the dynamic landscape of the Indian life insurance sector.
Assessment of maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures in skeletal Class II patients with different growth patterns
Authors: Rangarajan Hita , Ayub Irfan Ismail , Padmanabhan Sridevi
Published: December 2023

Objectives

To evaluate maximal inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory (MEP) pressures, which are reflective of respiratory muscle strength, in skeletal Class II patients with different growth patterns (horizontal, average, and vertical) and to correlate those with airway dimension.

Materials and Methods

Patients with a Class II skeletal base seeking orthodontic treatment were assigned to the following groups: average, horizontal, and vertical growth pattern. The control group (n = 14) comprised patients with a Class I skeletal base and average growth pattern. Airway dimensions were obtained using cone-beam computed tomography scans, and a spirometer with a pressure transducer was used for assessment of MIP and MEP. Routine spirometry for assessment of lung function was also performed.

Results

No significant differences were found in maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures for the study groups in comparison with the control group. Class I patients had significantly greater oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal airway volumes compared with the study groups. No significant difference in minimal cross-section area of the airway was observed among groups. A weak positive correlation between maximal inspiratory pressure and airway volume was observed.

Conclusions

Although Class I patients displayed significantly greater oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal airway volumes, there was no significant difference in respiratory muscle strength or airway function between Class II patients with different growth patterns and the Class I control group. The findings underscore the significance of exploring factors beyond craniofacial growth patterns that may contribute to sleep-related breathing disorders.
Insulin Secretion, Sensitivity, and Kidney Function in Young Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Bjornstad Petter , Choi Ye Ji , Platnick Carson , Gross Susan , Narongkiatikhun Phoom , Melena Isabella , Remmers Lauryn , Baca Madison , Schutte Grant , Dobbs Tyler , Vigers Tim , Pyle Laura , Driscoll Lynette , Tommerdahl Kalie , Kendrick Jessica , Looker Helen C. , Dart Allison , Cherney David , van Raalte Daniel H. , Srivastava Anand , Li Luping , Prasad Pottumarthi , Saulnier Pierre , Nelson Robert G. , Johnson Richard J. , Nadeau Kristen J. ,   Bjornstad Lab, Becker Nicholas , Best Kyla , Birznieks Carissa , Bui Michelle , Carrasco Diego , Casillas Daniel , Flynn Maureen , Gruszcynski Audrey , Hall Lucy , Harbour Madeline , Leroux Melissa , Nash Kelly , Nguyen Nhung , Sell Emily , Rountree-Jablin Callyn
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE

β-Cell dysfunction and insulin resistance magnify the risk of kidney injury in type 2 diabetes. The relationship between these factors and intraglomerular hemodynamics and kidney oxygen availability in youth with type 2 diabetes remains incompletely explored.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Fifty youth with type 2 diabetes (mean age ± SD 16 ± 2 years; diabetes duration 2.3 ± 1.8 years; 60% female; median HbA1c 6.4% [25th, 75th percentiles 5.9, 7.6%]; BMI 36.4 ± 7.4 kg/m2; urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio [UACR] 10.3 [5.9, 58.0] mg/g) 21 control participants with obesity (OCs; age 16 ± 2 years; 29% female; BMI 37.6 ± 7.4 kg/m2), and 20 control participants in the normal weight category (NWCs; age 17 ± 3 years; 70% female; BMI 22.5 ± 3.6 kg/m2) underwent iohexol and p-aminohippurate clearance to assess glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow, kidney MRI for oxygenation, hyperglycemic clamp for insulin secretion (acute C-peptide response to glucose [ACPRg]) and disposition index (DI; ×103 mg/kg lean/min), and DXA for body composition.

RESULTS

Youth with type 2 diabetes exhibited lower DI (0.6 [0.0, 1.6] vs. 3.8 [2.4, 4.5] × 103 mg/kg lean/min; P < 0.0001) and ACPRg (0.6 [0.3, 1.4] vs. 5.3 [4.3, 6.9] nmol/L; P < 0.001) and higher UACR (10.3 [5.9, 58.0] vs. 5.3 [3.4, 14.3] mg/g; P = 0.003) and intraglomerular pressure (77.8 ± 11.5 vs. 64.8 ± 5.0 mmHg; P < 0.001) compared with OCs. Youth with type 2 diabetes and OCs had higher GFR and kidney oxygen availability (relative hyperoxia) than NWCs. DI was associated inversely with intraglomerular pressure and kidney hyperoxia.

CONCLUSIONS

Youth with type 2 diabetes demonstrated severe β-cell dysfunction that was associated with intraglomerular hypertension and kidney hyperoxia. Similar but attenuated findings were found in OCs.
Microbial Pesticides: A Nigerian Perspective on Sustainability of Health and Agriculture
Authors: FI Onianwah
Published: December 2023

The concerns on the use of insecticides have been in areas of agriculture and human health. Insect pests populating the farms damage crops leading to food insecurity. The use of chemical insecticides to treat insect infestation is quite popular in Nigeria in area of food crop production and in animal and human health management. These chemical insecticides often pose some health challenges to man and animals hence the need for safer bio-pesticides. Microbial insecticides consist of living cells of microorganisms Research method employed was by collection of secondary data from literatures on previous research works done. These include reports, journal articles, seminars, symposia, and conference papers. Literatures were collected online using the Dennis Osadebay University e-library. These organisms are reared using basic microbiological techniques. Mode of action of microbial pesticides is by contact, which is by entering the host through the outer protective covering or the intestine of the insect. These microbes act on the host (insects) either by elimination or by altering some of their physiological functions. They may act directly on the insects or by the action of their toxins. The toxins can be used independently as bioactive substances in place of the microbial species. Microbial insecticides can be applied as sprays, dusts, liquid drenches, liquid concentrates, wet-table powders or granules. The bio-insecticides have the capacity to ensure the safety of humans and other non-target organisms. They leave less or no residue deposits in food and are ecologically friendly.
MUTU PERGURUAN TINGGI: PERSPEKTIF PERINGKAT UNIVERSITAS GLOBAL DAN AKREDITASI PERGURUAN TINGGI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Mulyoto Mulyoto , Rosyidi Unifah , Rugayah Rugayah
Published: December 2023

World Class University (WCU) is the dream of all universities in the world, one of the indicators is the global ranking of universities carried out by university rating agencies in the world. The purpose of this study is to explore how the quality of higher education in Indonesia is viewed from the perspective of accreditation and university rankings at the world level. The methodology used is literature studies analysis and other documents. The focus of the analysis is on the official website of university ranking system at the global level and other media announcements to evaluate the relationship between university rankings and college accreditation on the quality of universities. The results of the study are 1). There is no standard indicator of measuring the quality of education as an objective general guideline. 2). Even though the international university rating agencies have different methodologies, both categories and performance indicators used, they have a relationship with the achievement of quality measures. 3). Higher education rankings provide a quantitative external view of the transparency of higher education institutions while quality assurance instruments cover both external and internal institutions. The Government and other policy makers should pay attention to the accreditation factor and the quality assurance system of these universities in making strategic policies, not only by looking at the ranking of universities at the global level.
STRATEGI KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM IMPLEMENTASI PPDB DARING (ONLINE) DI SMA MUHAMMADIYAH PANGKALPINANG
Authors: Saputra Handika Yuda , Hidayati Dian
Published: December 2023

This study explains how school leadership is carried out in the online PPDB system at SMA Muhammadiyah Pangkalpinang. The purpose of this writing is to find out the principal's leadership strategy in implementing PPDB online. This research method is a type of qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The results of this study show that there are several gaps that occur due to unsynchronization between schools and the bureaucracy. This gap must be able to be overcome by the school principal through his leadership in carrying out existing strategies so that whatever the conditions are, schools are required to be able to survive and implement the existing PPDB Strategy properly and use good facilities and supporting instruments in order to add to the perfection of the PPDB process at SMA Muhammadiyah Pangkalpinang.