bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE RIGHT OF COMMON SHARED OWNERSHIP: THE ESSENCE AND PROBLEMS OF PROTECTION
Authors: Pyatkov D.V.
Published: November 2021

The article attempts to rethink the phenomenon of shared ownership, taking into account the conceptof multiple ownership rights to one thing at the same time existing in civil law. The widespread view ofthe right of shared ownership as one right to the same thing belonging to several persons at the same timeis critically evaluated. It is concluded that each co-owner has his own property right, which is limited bythe same rights of other co-owners. The construction of shared ownership is considered in the contextof possession protection proposed in the Concept of the Development of Civil Legislation of the RussianFederation: competition arises between the rights of co-owners, which is won by the possessing co-owner,if, for example, the issue of access to things by other co-owners is resolved. The practical significance of the ideas that common property is a plurality (system) of ownership rights to one thing is shown. In particular, itis proposed to use such a model when resolving conflicts between co-owners when moving into a residentialpremises: the owner who actually uses the residential premises has an advantage over other co-owners andhas the right to prevent other co-owners from moving in until a court decision. The share in the ownershipright is proposed to be considered as a measure of the free exercise by the owner of his rights in the conditionsof multiple ownership rights to one thing.
Physiopunk Vol 1 Norsk
Authors:   Universitetet i Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway, Maric Filip , Nikolaisen Liv ,   Universitetet i Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway, Bårdsen Åse
Published: November 2021

Dagens sosiale og miljømessige kriser Miljø- og bærekraftsutdanning blir derfor stadig mer integrert i internasjonale folkehelse- og helsepersonell-utdanninger (Barna, Maric, Simons, Kumar & Blankestijn, 2020). Den norske «Forskrift om nasjonal retningslinje for fysioterapeututdanning» støtter integrering av disse temaene og sier at fysioterapeuter «skal [...] bidra på gruppe- og systemnivå for å fremme folkehelsen og samfunnets bærekraft [...] med kompetanse i tverrfaglige og målrettede samarbeidsprosesser innenfor helse- og omsorgssektoren og i andre sektorer [...] for å møte samfunnets eksisterende og fremtidige behov» (Forskrift om nasjonal retningslinje for fysioterapeututdanning, 2019).
Book review of: Stöglehner, Gernot (Hrsg.) (2020): Grundlagen der Raumplanung 2. Strategien, Themen, Konzepte
Authors: Lamker Christian
Published: November 2021

Book Review
Book review of: Jones, Martin (2019): Cities and regions in crisis: The political economy of sub-national economic development
Authors: Cowell Margaret
Published: November 2021

Book Review
Book review of: Němec, Richard (2020): Die Ökonomisierung des Raums. Planen und Bauen in Mittel- und Osteuropa unter den Nationalsozialisten 1938 bis 1945
Authors: Kegler Karl R.
Published: November 2021

Book Review
Monitoring von Freiflächeninanspruchnahme und -versiegelung für eine nachhaltige Raumentwicklung in Bayern
Authors: Meyer Constantin , Peters Jan Christoph , Thiel Michael , Rathmann Joachim , Job Hubert
Published: November 2021

In the federal state of Bavaria, there is currently intensive discussion on how land consumption for settlement and transport purposes can be reduced in the long term. In order to provide a solid scientific basis for steering instruments in urban and regional development, the official land use monitoring should be improved by including also the qualitative and structural dimension of land consumption in addition to existing official statistics and their main indicator ‘settlement and traffic area’. For this purpose, the paper presentsmethodological extensions, which show small-scale analyses of urban sprawl, open space structure, soil sealing and ecosystem services using the example of the district of Rhön-Grabfeld. These methodological extensions are discussed in the context of the relevant debates on the causes and steering of land consumption as well as on current requirements for land use monitoring, emphasising their importance for the monitoring of legal guidelines and political objectives on sustainable land use.
Die Zeitschrift "Raumforschung und Raumordnung" und die DDR. Zur Rezeption der DDR-Raumplanung in "Raumforschung und Raumordnung" (RuR)
Authors: Kegler Harald
Published: November 2021

In the journal ‘Raumforschung und Raumordnung’ (RuR), the topic of spatial planning in the GDR played but a subordinate role. Nevertheless, it is possible to deduce basic statements on the reception of GDR territorial planning. This paper examines articles in the journal with the aim of identifying tendencies in discussion of spatial planning in the GDR. It is essential to also take a look at the development of spatial planning in the GDR itself in order to trace the relationship between the image in the journal and the real frame of reference in the GDR. The analysis oscillates between chronological consideration of epistemologically promising articles in RuR and distinctive findings in GDR planning research. The focus of the analysis is on key publications that also contribute to interpretation of the spatial turn. The tendencies found also reflected socio-politicalconnotations of federal policy towards the GDR. These began with rather distanced reporting on the ‘Soviet zone’ and critical observations on individual aspects of spatial planning there. This was followed by increasingly objective reports and critiques that sketched a differentiated picture of spatial planning in the GDR. Finally, the papers comprised professional discussion about the GDR on equal terms, combining critical reflection with consideration of problems in the FRG.
Auf dem Weg zur digitalen Nahversorgung? Determinanten des Einkaufsverhaltens im Multi- und Cross-Channel-Kontext am Fallbeispiel des Lebensmitteleinzelhandels
Authors: Wieland Thomas
Published: November 2021

Multi- and cross-channel integration of German grocery retailing appears in terms of online-based delivery services and click-and-collect offers by established supermarkets. However, these trends raise the question whether digital services may complement established distribution channels, especially with respect to local supply. This paper describes the investigation of the main determinants of spatial shopping behaviour in the food retail sector. In particular, it was examined whether grocery stores can benefit from the clickand-collect option and which factors determine the choice of shopping location if both stationary and online providers are available. Individual store choices and the related expenditures at grocery retailers are investigated using a micro-econometric store choice model (hurdle model) based on a representative customer survey in two German regions (South Lower Saxony, Region Middle Upper Rhine). Pure grocery online retailing is found to have little relevance, whilst supermarkets gain little profit from offering the click-and-collect option. The likelihood of buying groceries online can be explained by psychographic characteristics of the consumers. In a situation where consumers may choose between offline and online retailers, channel-specific transaction costs (driving time, shipping charges) can be identified as important determinants of store choice.
Interventionen in Prozessen der Stadt- und Regionalentwicklung. Anmerkungen zum Format Reallabore der Nachhaltigkeit aus planungswissenschaftlicher Sicht
Authors: Hahne Ulf
Published: November 2021

Real-world labs have established as a new type of research, participation and transformation format. This challenges the planning sciences to compare their own methodological tools and evidence-based developments with the new approach. This paper introduces the new format and considers its methodological building blocks, i.e. real experiment, action orientation, transdisciplinarity, and learning processes. The contribution will address the wicked problems of complex transformation processes because spatial development deals always with questions of ignorance, contingency, and surprises as well as site-specific idiosyncrasies. The mistakes and pitfalls that can be made in process design, actor selection, participation, feedback loops, learning processes and implementation are well described and make it possible today to proceed with considerably less ‘naivety’ in the field of transdisciplinary research and planning, to set participation formats and interventions in a targeted and reflected manner, to use failures for learning and surprises for creative suggestions.
Book review of: Fricke, Carola (2020): European Dimension of Metropolitan Policies. Policy Learning and Reframing of Metropolitan Regions
Authors: Schmitt Peter
Published: November 2021

Book Review
Wie vermeiden wir den Matthäuseffekt in Reallaboren? Selektivität in partizipativen Prozessen
Authors: Gebhardt Laura , König Alexandra
Published: November 2021

The complexity and dynamics of real-world problems in transdisciplinary real-world laboratory projects require the participation of all directly and indirectly affected population groups in the participation process. All too often, participants come from socio-economically similar milieus (middleclass, male, local) and persons with a migratory background, women, young people, and members of lower income groups are represented rather weakly or not at all. This phenomenon of social selectivity is called the Matthew effect (‘whoever has, will be given’). It describes the effect that socio-economically strong persons are particularly committed to their interests, while interests of those in a (resource-wise) less well-off situation are under-represented. The paper addresses three questions: How can it be ensured, that all population groups are reached during the participation process in real-world laboratories? How can their concerns be heard and involved in it? How can civil society be empowered as co-creators? These questions will be reflected upon on the basis of empirical experience gained in the real-world lab projects Reallabor Schorndorf and Reallabor Altmarkkreis. On the basis of these reflections, recommendations for action for researchers and practitioners are developed and open research questions are derived.
Bilanzierende Ökosystemdienstleistungsanalyse als Werkzeug in Kommunikationsprozessen der partizipativen Planung?
Authors: Mager Christoph , Wagner Madeleine , Growe Anna
Published: November 2021

In planning processes, issues of high complexity and conflicts are negotiated. Perceptions and requirements of different actors need to be reconciled in planning processes. To negotiate these different perceptions and requirements, public participation is obligatory in planning processes. However, as participation still faces many challenges with regard to acceptance and understanding of determining factors, there is a need for further participation procedures. This paper aims to show to what extent ecosystem service analysis can be used in the context of participation processes and informal planning instruments for transdisciplinary communication. By budgeting, both ecosystem services supply and the demands of different stakeholder groups from for example spatial planning and civil society are taken into account. Based on a completed research project on the valuation of green and open spaces in the Rhine-Neckar region – in which ecosystem service analy sis has been applied – this paper highlights opportunities and limitations of a relational budgeting ecosystem service analysis. We reflect on the obstacles and challenges encountered during application and implementation. Based on this, we argue that relational budgeting ecosystem service analysis can provide a sound and multidimensional basis for communication that can contribute to the objectification of differences in perception and valuation in discussion and negotiation processes in planning.
Multi-local living employees in Stuttgart and Milan. An analysis of their employer support for the spatial-temporal organisation of their living arrangements
Authors: Garde Lisa
Published: November 2021

With work-related living in several places – also known as multi-local living – on the rise due to flexible working and living environments, employers are increasingly challenged to support multi-local living arrangements in order to recruit and retain qualified employees nationwide. This paper
presents the first results of an analysis conducted in the cities of Stuttgart in Germany and Milan in Italy. With the help of semi-structured problem-oriented interviews with multi-local employees in knowledge-based sectors, their requirements and the benefits they currently receive from their employers in support of their living arrangements are examined. The results show, among other things, that in both cities certain types of companies are more open to these living arrangements. However, few employers were found to have official policies for dealing with multi-locality. Furthermore, it is shown that different types of multi-local employees require different support. The paper also discusses interactions between workrelated multi-locality and spatial development.
Beeinflusst die Trägerschaft der Regionalplanung die Inhalte der Regionalpläne und die regionale Siedlungsentwicklung? Theoretische Überlegungen und eine empirische Analyse für Deutschland
Authors: Pehlke David , Diller Christian , Eichhorn Sebastian
Published: November 2021

This paper deals with the question of whether the responsible body of regional planning has an influence on the regulatory intensity of regional plans on the one hand and on regional settlement development on the other hand. Seven hypotheses are formulated for this purpose. Based on a nationwide evaluation of regional plans and data on settlement development in Germany, these hypotheses are tested. The presumed clear correlations between the degree of centralization of responsible bodies and the regulatory intensity cannot be confirmed. However, a final hypothesis for further research can be stated. The effect of regulatory intensity on land take varies between different responsible bodies. The effectiveness of the formal spatial planning instruments depends on the implementation competencies of the responsible body.
Nachhaltige Regionalentwicklung in Naturparken – 10-Jahres-Rückblick und Zukunftsperspektiven
Authors: Weber Florian , Liesen Jörg , Weber Friedericke , Crossey Nora
Published: November 2021

In 2002, sustainable regional development was introduced as a legal mandate in the Federal Nature Conservation Act (Bundesnaturschutzgesetz) for the more than 100 nature parks in Germany, subsequently expanding the scope of their activities and introducing new incentives. Quantitative and qualitative surveys for 2010 and 2011 indicated new opportunities for nature parks to develop distinct profiles, as well as challenges regarding future task fulfilment. In a pursuit of both research- and practice-oriented questions and based on an adapted replication of these surveys, we ask how the management evaluate potentials and restrictions related to the task of sustainable regional development in the context of their overall portfolio of tasks and objectives. From a conceptual perspective, it becomes evident that due to their networking activities, nature parks correspond to central criteria of the regional governance debate. Nonetheless, a certain unclarity remains with regard to the notion of ‘sustainable regional development‘, which is closely linked to the similarly broad concept of ‘sustainability’. From an application-oriented perspective, the survey results show that nature park managers perceive positive development prospects in many areas. Nature parks in Germany have thus proceeded further on the path towards a role as regional managers in ‘model regions of sustainable development’.
Book review of: Greinke, Lena (2020): Berufsbedingte Multilokalität in ländlichen Räumen Niedersachsens. Gesellschaftliche und räumliche Auswirkungen als planerische Herausforderung am Beispiel des Landkreises Diepholz
Authors: Kramer Caroline
Published: November 2021

Book Review
Book review of: Prell, Uwe (2020): Die Stadt. Eine Einführung für die Sozialwissenschaften
Authors: Herrmann Heike
Published: November 2021

Book Review
Study of Some Inflammatory Biomarkers in SARS.COV
Authors: Alfatlawi Wael Rasheed Obaead , Ahmed Jwan Ahmed Ali
Published: November 2021

In the present investigate the mean differences of biomarkers concentrations between study groups including patients suffering from corona virus with severe symptoms compared with control group were studied, it was found that, they were highly significant increase D-dimer, CRP, LDH, IL-6 and ferritin concentrations in patients with severe symptoms compared with healthy control. Objective: This study aims to evaluation of main biomarkers in patients with corona virus such as Lactate Dehydrogenase, D-dimer, and C-reactive protein are all illustrations of enzymatic reactions are all examples of enzymes, IL-6 and ferritin concentrations.
FUZZY FMEA APPLICATION TO IDENTIFICATION RISK IN-PROCESS PRODUCTION OF TOYOTA HI-ACE WIRING HARNESS PRODUCT
Authors: Septiyana Diah
Published: November 2021

In product manufacture, the high failure rate problem of produce product is the number of product defects. Several types of defects have a high enough percentage. To solve this problem, we need to identify the failures and to get the assessment information of the three risk factors. Our research using the traditional FMEA method at the production of Wiring Harness products to shows the current condition of various modes of failure in those areas. This study focuses on implementing fuzzy FMEA to identify the potential risks that may occur along with the assembling of the Wiring Harness process. The fuzzy FMEA approach is preventing product and process problems before they occur, this paper is also expected to result in some mitigation effort that can be applied to improve the Wiring Harness production process. With the Fuzzy FMEA method, we have found the highest FRPN value that shows the highest defect such as damage insulation is 8.5, damage terminal is 8.5, and the damaged part is 8.5 and the highest RPN from the traditional FMEA is damage insulation (324).  To solve this problem, we propose to use the fishbone diagram and give suggestions for improvements to the highest failure modes that are damaged insulation.
ONLINE PRICING FOR SMALL MEDIUM ENTERPRISES’ PRODUCTS IN THE EX-LOCALIZATION OF DOLLY SURABAYA
Authors: Mulyana Ig. Jaka , Gunawan Ivan , Trihastuti Dian , Yunen Yehezkiel Prakoso Putra , Sirodj Dwi Agustin Nuriani
Published: November 2021

Numerous Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) do not have a basic method in pricing decisions. Many times, this decision comes up based on an intuitive probe instead of a detailed analysis. This could lead to marketing problems, which may result in disruptions of financial liquidity. This also applies to SMEs wishing to sell products through the online channel. They need a proper pricing strategy, considering its different marketing strategies. Sales made through both offline channels (conventional stores) and online channels are known as Dual-Channel Supply Chain (DCSC). It is argued that the pricing decision at DCSC needs to consider consumer preferences in selecting the sales channel. One assumption commonly adopted in the DCSC pricing model is that the lost value if consumers purchase products through online channels. Therefore, the pricing decision for the online channel should be cheaper than the price on the offline channel. This study aims to assist SMEs in the ex-localization of Dolly in Surabaya in determining the price of products to be sold through online channels. Three types of products: batik, chips, and leather shoes were selected as research samples to represent the product groups: craft, fashion, and processed food. This study proposes an optimal online price strategy through experiments with a mathematical model. Model parameters, namely consumer preferences in choosing sales channels, are obtained through surveys. Apart from that, surveys are also used to reveal which platforms consumers are interested in shopping online. Shopee and Instagram were chosen by respondents as the most popular marketplaces and social media for online shopping. Finally, the online prices proposed for the batik product are IDR 82,500-IDR 66,000; chips Rp7,620-Rp6,336; and leather shoes Rp.103,800-Rp82,200.
SIMULASI WAKTU TUNGGU DAN BIAYA RANTAI PASOK SEMEN BERBASIS AGEN MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE ANYLOGIC
Authors: Hatmoko Jati Utomo Dwi , Nababan Andreas Maruli Tua , Dhisyacitra Mayang , Kistiani Frida
Published: November 2021

Kendala umum pada pengadaan material konstruksi adalah keterlambatan pengiriman material akibat ketersediaan stok. Penerapan manajemen rantai pasok yang efektif mampu mencegah terjadinya keterlambatan pengiriman material. Maksud dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membangun model simulasi manajemen rantai pasok berbasis agen dalam penyediaan material semen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan distribusi semen dari factory, wholesaler, hingga retailer di Jawa Tengah, mengestimasi rata-rata waktu tunggu customer, mengkalkulasi biaya harian yang dikeluarkan oleh masing-masing agen (factory, wholesaler, dan retailer), serta menentukan batas-batas persediaan stok yang optimal. Simulasi rantai pasok dilakukan berbasis agen dengan menggunakan software Anylogic. Input data berupa biaya-biaya, stok, serta probabilitas permintaan material diperoleh langsung dari masing-masing agen yang ditinjau (1 factory, 1 wholesaler, 30 retailer). Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa durasi waktu tunggu customer yang paling sering terjadi berkisar antara 0-0,05 hari dengan probabilitas sebesar 69,30%. Estimasi biaya rata-rata harian yang dibutuhkan retailer adalah sebesar Rp.600.359,45, sedangkan wholesaler adalah Rp.1.071.811,06, dan untuk factory adalah Rp.38.630.071,96. Hasil optimasi menunjukkan nilai-nilai batas stok terbaru untuk masing-masing agen (stok minimum, target stok), sebagai berikut: factory (1103, 2206); wholesaler (1005, 2000); retailer (1000, 2011). Hasil penelitian ini bermanfaat bagi masing-masing agen sebagai acuan dalam menentukan batas-batas stok dan memprediksi rata-rata biaya harian.
CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR COVID 19 PROTOCOL’S EFFECT FOR INTERNAL SUPPLY CHAIN TO SUSTAIN COMPANY OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE
Authors: Megawati Ermayana , Heryanto Ari , Susanty Aries , Susanto Novie
Published: November 2021

Supply chain is an organizational system in which there are roles and perform various activities, including information, funds and other resources that are interrelated in the movement of a product or service from supplier to customer. One typical supply chain management is internal supply chain management, where is one of the integrated activities that plays an important role in the operational performance of the company, but in Covid-19 pandemic era every country including PT. AST Indonesia has implemented the Covid-19 health protocols along with their government role, WHO’s role also International Safety standard such as OHSA. Internal supply chain is composed strategic purchasing, production and distribution exactly will have affected by this health protocols. Some researchers have published many factors that influence the performance of the company like quality, flexibility, innovation but also important to study the relevant thing with Covid-19 health protocols. In this paper, we proposed a conceptual model consist of Covid-19 health protocols, strategic purchasing, production, and distribution to sustain company operational performance. AHP method is use in this research to find the dominant influencing protocol factor that affecting in making of ISCM sustainability strategy.
Effect Of Leadership and Work Motivation on Employee Performance Through Knowledge Sharing Behavior
Authors: Inang Nur Iman
Published: November 2021

This study explains the influence of leadership and work motivation on employee performance at private universities (PTS) within the province of Southeast Sulawesi which is mediated by knowledge-sharing behavior. Research method uses a survey approach and explanatory research. The sampling technique is probability sampling with the unit of analysis, namely the employees of private universities (PTS). Data analysis was conducted to test the hypothesis by using PLS software.

Results show that leadership has a positive and significant effect on knowledge sharing behavior and employee performance. Work motivation has a significant positive effect on knowledge sharing behavior and employee performance. Knowledge sharing behavior has a positive effect on employee performance.

Finally, research can prove that leadership and work motivation together have a positive and significant effect on employee performance and knowledge sharing behavior acts as a mediation of the relationship between leadership and work motivation with employee performance.
Willkommen in den erworbenen Ländern, rec. książki: Karolina Kuszyk, Poniemieckie
Authors: Kamczycki Artur
Published: November 2021

Willkommen in den erworbenen Ländern, rec. książki: Karolina Kuszyk, Poniemieckie
Gen Z Perceptions and Expectations upon Entering the Workforce
Authors: Mărginean Alina Elena
Published: November 2021

This article focuses on examining Gen Z-ers’ opinions and expectations regarding their present or future jobs, as well as their views on their future careers. The exploratory study performed on members of this cohort revealed, among others, that Gen Z-ers appreciate a secure job, financial stability, and prefer working for big companies. They choose jobs which reflect their passions and look for informal and relaxed environments, where they can have their own well defined office space. This cohort wishes to be mentored at work and is brutally aware that success must come with career-long learning. Despite being said to be digital natives, they feel the need to bond with colleagues and to freely speak their mind.
Discharge of a Triangular Orifice under Free Flow Conditions
Authors: Sosnowska Anna
Published: November 2021

In this paper, flow through a free triangular orifice is considered. The comparison of two formulas was conducted for discharge calculations: a large orifice formula and a small orifice formula. The results show that, above a certain value of upstream head to orifice height ratio there is no need for small-large formula discrimination. The differences in the outcomes for the two formulas are negligible for upstream head to orifice height ratios greater than 3. This means that a small orifice formula can be used instead of a large orifice formula. Calculations were performed for different variants of triangle orientation (with tip downwards, sidewards and upwards) as well as for different dimensions of orifice (equilateral and isosceles). The calculations also included different submergence levels of the upper edge of the orifice and variable dimensions of the orifice with constant upstream head. Neither of these conditions affect the relative deviation values for small and large orifice formulas.
Role of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and troponin T in predicting right ventricular recovery in myocardial infarction
Authors: Somuncu Mustafa Umut , Tatar Fatih Pasa , Kalayci Belma , Avci Ahmet , Gudul Naile Eris , Serbest Nail Guven , Demir Ali Riza , Can Murat
Published: November 2021

Objectives

The determinants of right ventricular (RV) recovery after successful revascularization in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients are not clear. Besides, the relationship between Troponin T (TnT), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and improvement in RV function is also unknown. This study hypothesizes that a lower TnT and NT-proBNP level would be associated with RV recovery.

Methods

One hundred forty-eight STEMI patients were included in our study. Echocardiography were performed before and 12–18 weeks after discharge. Patients were divided into three groups according to the changes in tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) as 53 patients with ≥10% change, 41 patients with 1–9% change, and 54 patients ≤0% change. RV recovery was accepted as ≥10% TAPSE improvement and the predictors of RV recovery were investigated.

Results

RV recovery was detected in 35.8% of the patients. Low baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (OR: 0.91 [0.84–0.98], p=0.023), NT-proBNP (OR: 0.93 [0.89–0.98], p=0.014), TnT (OR: 0.84 [0.68–0.93], p=0.038), inferior myocardial infarction (OR: 2.66 [1.10–6.40], p=0.028), wall motion score index ratio (OR: 0.93 [0.88–0.97], p=0.002) and post-percutaneous coronary intervention TIMI flow 3 (OR: 5.84 [1.41–24.22], p=0.015) were determined as independent predictors of RV recovery. Being in the high TnT group 4.2 times, and being in the high NT-proBNP group 5.3 times could predict the failure to achieve RV recovery. Furthermore, when high TnT level was combined with high NT-proBNP level, the odds ratio of failure to achieve RV recovery was the highest (OR: 8.03 [2.59–24.89], p<0.001).

Conclusions

Lower TnT and lower NT-proBNP level was associated with better improvement in RV function in STEMI patients.
Optimal design of aerospace structures using recent meta-heuristic algorithms
Authors: Korkmaz Faik Fatih , Subran Mert , Yıldız Ali Rıza
Published: November 2021

Most conventional optimization approaches are deterministic and based on the derivative information of a problem’s function. On the other hand, nature-inspired and evolution-based algorithms have a stochastic method for finding the optimal solution. They have become a more popular design and optimization tool, with a continually growing development of novel algorithms and new applications. Flexibility, easy implementation, and the capability to avoid local optima are significant advantages of these algorithms. In this study, shapes, and shape perturbation limits of a bracket part, which is used in aviation, have been set using the hypermorph tool. The objective function of the optimization problem is minimizing the volume, and the constraint is maximum von Mises stress on the structure. The grey wolf optimizer (GWO) and the moth-flame Optimizer (MFO) have been selected as nature-inspired evolution-based optimizers.
Corrosion of brass subjected to cast-off cooking oil blended with diesel
Authors: Govindharajan Sangeetha , Raman Saratha , Shanmugam Viswapriya , Rathanasamy Rajasekar , Palaniappan Sathish Kumar
Published: November 2021

With the aim of leaving a smaller ecological footprint and to develop fuels which will change the energy needs of the future in a sustainable manner, the present study aims at investigating the corrosion phenomenon of brass using biodiesel fuel from cast-off cooking oil (CCO) in various blending ratios with commercial diesel (5 %, 10 % and 20 %) on brass. The mechanism of corrosion of brass in biodiesel has not been adequately investigated, and in the literature there is still a drop in the knowledge of the corrosion of brass from which many diesel engine parts are made. The corrosion rate of brass has been evaluated by mass loss and electrochemical methods. As a complementary technique, conductivity was monitored before and after each test. Surface morphology was examined by optical microscope. The surface morphology of brass samples in NaCl was coated in dark deposits that indicated corrosion. Some pitting was found in O99, and no significant change was found in oil-diesel blends. There is a positive correlation between the corrosivity and conductivity of the test media. The wettability studies also assisted in determining the non-corrosive nature of biodiesel.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of a semi-centrifugal compression processed Al6013 and Cu bimetal
Authors: Avcı Uğur , Erdoğdu Yusuf Eren
Published: November 2021

In this study, aluminum Al6013 and copper (Cu) cylindrical bimetal was manufactured by means of an original production method. The optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the bimetal material produced through this approach, semi-centrifugal compression, were used in microstructural investigations following which metallurgical transition zones were defined. Through an energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis of the defined regions, the chemical content of the regions were determined. Micro hardness values of the regions were determined and comparisons were made with the chemical content and hardness values of the materials used in the bimetal production before the manufacturing process. In addition, the mechanical properties of the materials were compared by applying tensile tests to the bimetallic components Cu and Al6013 and to the bimetal material produced. In the light of the values obtained, the general properties of the bimetal material produced through this new approach were presented.
Glossary of terms relating to electronic, photonic and magnetic properties of polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2021)
Authors: Vohlídal Jiří , Graeff Carlos F. O. , Hiorns Roger C. , Jones Richard G. , Luscombe Christine , Schué François , Stingelin Natalie , Walter Michael G.
Published: November 2021

These recommendations are specifically for polymers and polymer systems showing a significant response to an electromagnetic field or one of its components (electric field or magnetic field), i.e., for electromagnetic-field-responsive polymer materials. The structures, processes, phenomena and quantities relating to this interdisciplinary field of materials science and technology are herein defined. Definitions are unambiguously explained and harmonized for wide acceptance by the chemistry, physics, polymer and materials science communities. A survey of typical electromagnetic-field-responsive polymers is included.
Governance mittelständischer Innovations-tätigkeit – Implikationen des Doing-Using-Interacting-Modus
Authors: Thomä Jörg , Bizer Kilian
Published: November 2021

Die deutsche Forschungs- und Innovationspolitik fokussiert stark auf Lernen und Innovieren nach dem Prinzip „Science-Technology-Innovation“ (STI). Dies übersieht, dass gerade in Deutschland viele kleine und mittlere Unternehmen (KMU) in der Lage sind, in einem anderen Modus zu innovieren: mit „Learning by doing-Using-Interacting“ (DUI). Berücksichtigt man das breite Spektrum an Lernweisen, das sich zwischen diesen beiden Modi auf der Unternehmensebene entfaltet, dann ergibt sich ein viel breiterer innovationspolitischer Zugang zum Innovationsgeschehen im Mittelstand. Dieser lässt sich als systemische Innovationspolitik mit verschiedenen Governance-Bausteinen im Hinblick auf die Politik, Unternehmen und weitere Akteure beschreiben. Jüngste Vorschläge zur Weiterentwicklung der Innovationsindikatorik haben dafür eine mögliche Basis geschaffen. Gleichzeitig ermöglicht eine Reihe neuer Studien ein besseres Verständnis der Rolle, den der DUI-Modus für die Innovationsfähigkeit von deutschen KMU spielt. Die beiden Autoren erörtern daher deren Ergebnisse und ordnen diese ein.
Enhancing muscle fatty acid profile by pasture finishing within a dairy-origin calf-to-steer beef production system and its potential to authenticate the dietary history of the cattle
Authors: Moloney A.P. , Keane M.G. , Monahan F.J. , O’Callaghan T.F.
Published: November 2021

The influence of modifying a traditional 24-mo dairy steer calf to beef production system on the fatty acid composition of the longissimus muscle and its potential to authenticate beef provenance was examined. Fifty-four male calves (n = 18 per sire breed), progeny of Holstein-Friesian cows mated with Holstein-Friesian (HF), Aberdeen Angus (AA) and Belgian Blue (BB) bulls were at pasture from March until August of their second year when they were assigned to a 3 (breed types) × 3 (finishing strategies) factorial experiment. The three finishing strategies were (i) pasture only for a further 94 d prior to slaughter (21 mo of age) (Grass), (ii) concentrates ad libitum indoors for 94 d prior to slaughter (21 mo of age) (EC) and (iii) pasture only for a further 94 d followed by concentrates ad libitum indoors for 98 d prior to slaughter (24 mo of age) (LC). Compared to EC, muscle from Grass had a lower intramuscular fat concentration and omega-6: omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio and higher proportion of conjugated linoleic acid. A longer period at pasture pre-concentrate finishing increased the concentration of omega-3 PUFA which was still lower than in Grass. To maximise the omega-3 PUFA concentration, a late-maturing breed is more appropriate while to maximise conjugated linoleic acid, an early-maturing breed is more appropriate and both should be finished on grass. Chemometric analysis confirmed that the fatty acid profile can authenticate “Grass-Finished” beef per se and has potential to distinguish “Concentrate-Finished” beef based on the length of grazing prior to finishing, but not distinguish between sire breeds.
Conflicting estimates of natural geologic methane emissions
Authors: Thornton B. F. , Etiope G. , Schwietzke S. , Milkov A. V. , Klusman R. W. , Judd A. , Oehler D. Z.
Published: November 2021

Global bottom-up and top-down estimates of natural, geologic methane (CH4) emissions (average approximately 45 Tg yr–1) have recently been questioned by near-zero (approximately 1.6 Tg yr–1) estimates based on measurements of 14CH4 trapped in ice cores, which imply that current fossil fuel industries’ CH4 emissions are underestimated by 25%–40%. As we show here, such a global near-zero geologic CH4 emission estimate is incompatible with multiple independent, bottom-up emission estimates from individual natural geologic seepage areas, each of which is of the order of 0.1–3 Tg yr–1. Further research is urgently needed to resolve the conundrum before rejecting either method or associated emission estimates in global CH4 accounting.
The Composite Covariance of a Kalman Filter Estimation
Authors: Chow Winston C
Published: November 2021

A Kalman filter estimation of the state of a system is merely a random vector that has a normal, also called Gaussian, distribution. Elementary statistics teaches any Gaussian distribution is completely and uniquely characterized by its mean and covariance (variance if univariate). Such characterization is required for statistical inference problems on a Gaussian random vector. This mean and composite covariance of a Kalman filter estimate of a system state will be derived here. The derived covariance is in recursive form. One must not confuse it with the “error covariance” output of a Kalman filter. Potential applications, including geological ones, of the derivation are described and illustrated with a simple example.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nanocomposites containing nano fibrillated cellulose (NFC) from Agave americana L. for food packaging applications
Authors: Krishnadev Paladugu , Subramanian Kizhaeral S. , Lakshmanan Arunachalam , Ganapathy Shunmugam , Raja Kalimuthu , Rajkishore Subramania Krishnaraj
Published: November 2021

Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) is popularly known as a hydrocolloid for potential use as a biopolymer film. The films of HPMC exhibit brittleness, lacking flexibility, but they can provide a gas barrier. With the aim of improving the HPMC film properties, nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) from the succulent plant Agave americana L was incorporated as reinforcement material using the solution casting method. The films were prepared with three different amounts of NFC with glycerol as a plasticizer. The incorporation of the NFC into the nanocomposite films showed a 1,000-fold reduction in the gas permeability. However, significant improvements in the tensile strength (TS), the elongation at break (EAB), and Young’s modulus (YM) were only observed with 1% NFC. A higher moisture content (24.5%) and a higher solubility (59.5%) were observed in the HPMC/NFC-1 film, which also exhibited the best biodegradability loss of the films that were observed with a 92.8% degradation rate in 15 d of soil burial studies. Therefore, the results evidence that the HPMC/NFC films might be potentially suitable as food wrap packaging on perishable produce of fruits and vegetables to maintain their quality attributes and prolong the storage life.
Applications of one-Step environmentally-friendly fermentation method to produce fumaric acid with immobilized Rhizopus arrhizus in stirred-tank reactor
Authors: Ning Yuchen , Li Yang , Zhao Shijie , Liu Huan , Deng Li , Wang Fang
Published: November 2021

The traditional two-step cultivation mode for fungal cultivation is commonly divided into the seed stage (usually 24 to 48 h) and the production stage (usually 96 to 144 h). The use of two stages prolongs the total production cycle and generates excess wastewater. In this work, an efficient and environmentally friendly one-step fermentation method was applied for the production of fumaric acid by immobilized Rhizopus arrhizus in a stirred-tank reactor. The nitrogen source content and the agitation speed of the reactor were optimized as the two critical factors in the one-step fermentation process; the fumaric acid production of 51 g/L with a yield of 0.42 g/g glucose was comparable with the product from the traditional two-step fermentation process. Furthermore, the total production cycle was shortened to 96 h, and the amount of wastewater was reduced due to the avoidance of the seed culture process. Thus, utilization of the one-step fermentation method to produce fumaric acid was shown to be preferable feasibility and environmental-friendliness. This is a promising method for industrial production of fumaric acid and other high-value biochemicals by fungus.
Graphene Membranes: From Reverse Osmosis to Gas Separation
Authors: Katia Cecilia de Souza Figueiredo , Gustavo Feliciano de Jesus Barcelos , André Santarosa Ferlauto
Published: November 2021

Graphene membrane is a promising technology to help both carbon dioxide separation from flue gas and water desalination. This work reported the importance of membrane separation processes, the evolution of polymeric membranes before the discovery of graphene and how this material fits into this scenario. In addition, reverse osmosis and gas separations have been discussed as promising methods to reduce the occurrence of freshwater scarcity events and slow global warming. For all these separation techniques, the current state of graphene membranes technology and what advances might be brought by such one atom thick skin layer were presented, as well as the results of theoretical and experimental research. Finally, the challenges that still need to be overcome by this innovative technology as well as the perspectives were shown.
Assessing Translation Students in a Brazilian University
Authors: Silva Márcia Moura , Fernandes Lincoln Paulo
Published: November 2021

From a Translation Studies perspective, translation assessment is gradually becoming more popular thanks to increasing academic interest in translator education. In fact, we believe that evaluation should be more deeply explored in order to systematise and consolidate how it is carried out, especially in a particular Brazilian context. As we still witness an unwelcome focus on summative assessment of students with little room for constructive feedback from educators, the purpose of this article is to discuss ways to assess translation students that move beyond traditional approaches. The focus here is on formative assessment, whose emphasis on feedback better suits the dynamic nature we believe translator education should have. Furthermore, we shall review the concepts of translation competence and translation error as important elements within translation evaluation, as well as peer and self-assessment, which promote a more student-centered and participatory environment.
Collaborative Online International Learning: Language and Cross-Cultural Experiences of University Students
Authors: Ramírez-Marín Frank , Núñez-Figueroa Lucero del Carmen , Blair Nicole
Published: November 2021

This qualitative study reports on a collaborative online project between the University of Washington at Tacoma (USA) and the Universidad Veracruzana at Veracruz City (México). The project was implemented as part of the internationalization of higher education policies of the participating universities, which include pedagogical practices oriented toward foreign language learning, the internationalization of the curriculum, and virtual exchange.
The study documents cross-cultural learning experiences between two groups of students from different linguistic and cultural backgrounds in a Collaborative Online International Learning approach (COIL); and how those experiences related to the development of cross-cultural competence. The language of instruction was English and the students interacted through an online platform and a social network.
The methodological design was qualitative-interpretive. Data was generated using interviews, linguistic samples (writing samples), and the interactions of the participants prompted by the use of an online platform and a social media network. Data analysis was realized through a content approach, which led to the formulation of assertions based on themes that emerged.
Results indicate that the pedagogical approach implemented (COIL) prompted reflexion on issues related to language learning, cultural understanding, and common life experiences, and that it was conducive to the development of aspects of cross-cultural competence.
Caracterización del conocimiento didáctico del contenido de un profesor de inglés sobre la enseñanza del concepto de «be going to»
Authors: Báez-Dueñas Leidy Tatiana , Salinas-Bernal Laura Jackeline
Published: November 2021

En este artículo de investigación se presentan los resultados del análisis de los momentos de planeación y acción de una clase dictada por un docente de inglés, alrededor del concepto de «be going to», impartida a estudiantes de grado noveno de una institución educativa oficial del municipio de Villa de Leyva, Boyacá, Colombia, con base en el modelo hexagonal del Conocimiento Didáctico del Contenido (CDC), que busca comprender el conocimiento construido por el docente durante el proceso de enseñanza. Esta investigación de corte cualitativo, abordada desde la metodología del estudio de caso, se adelantó utilizando técnicas e instrumentos de recolección de información como la revisión de la planeación de la clase elaborada por el docente, la aplicación de un cuestionario de Representación del Contenido (ReCo) y la grabación de la clase con su respectiva transcripción. Los resultados muestran cómo el CDC del docente se configura mediante el vínculo de cuatro componentes que presentan un amplio registro de unidades, los cuales son: 1) las estrategias para la enseñanza, 2) la comprensión de los estudiantes, 3) el conocimiento de las orientaciones para la enseñanza, y 4) la eficacia docente; conocimiento que merece ser compartido en el contexto científico y pedagógico, considerando que los logros de aprendizaje de los estudiantes están fuertemente ligados al conocimiento que el docente tenga sobre estos aspectos.
Convolution of Two Weighted Orlicz Spaces on Hypergroups
Authors: Tabatabaie Seyyed  Mohammad , Bagheri Salec AliReza
Published: November 2021

Let K be a locally compact hypergroup. In this paper, among other results we give a sufficient condition for the inclusion LΦ1w (K) * LΦ2w (K) ⊆ LΦ1w (K) to hold. Also, as an application, we provide a new sufficient condition for the weighted Orlicz space LΦw (K) to be a convolution Banach algebra.