bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of antioxidant, cytotoxic, tyrosinase inhibitory activities, and phenolic profiles of green, white, and black teas
Authors: Korkmaz Nuriye , Sener Sıla Ozlem , Akkaya Seyda , Badem Merve , Aliyazicioglu Rezzan , Abudayyak Mahmoud , Oztas Ezgi , Ozgen Ufuk
Published: July 2019

Objectives

To determine of antioxidant, cytotoxic and tyrosinase inhibitory (TI) activities, and phenolic profiles with a new high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method of green, white and black teas.

Methods

Antioxidant activities of the teas were examined by means of scavenging of the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC). The phenolic contents were investigated by means of HPLC. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of tea extracts in cancer and normal cell lines. TI activity was investigated against diphenolase (DOPA), using kojic acid as a positive control.

Results

The green tea extract exhibited stronger antioxidant than white and black tea extracts. The green tea contained syringaldehyde, p-coumaric acid, benzoic acid, and quercetin. The white tea extract had the highest tyrosinase inhibitor activity. The extracts exhibited higher cytotoxic potential toward cancer cells than normal cells. The methanol extract of green tea had the highest cytotoxic potential, while the water extracts were less toxic.

Conclusion

The green, white, and black teas can be regarded as an important in terms of rich antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibitor, and cytotoxic activities in both the pharmaceutical and food industries.
In vitro apoptotic effect of Zinc(II) complex with N-donor heterocyclic ligand on breast cancer cells
Authors: Guney Eskiler Gamze , Kani Ibrahim
Published: July 2019

Background

The synthesis of new ligand and transition metal complexes have drawn great attention in cancer treatment due to excellent DNA cleavage activities and high antitumor activity.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to synthesize a new Zn(II) complex with 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy) ligand, [Zn(bpy)2(H2O)]2(ClO4), and to investigate the potential therapeutic activity against breast cancer.

Materials and methods

Zn(II) complex was obtained and structurally characterized using crystallography and other spectroscopic methods. The cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of Zn(II) complex on MCF7 breast cancer and HUVEC control cells were evaluated by WST-1, Annexin V and cell cycle analysis.

Results

The spectroscopic data demonstrated that Zn(II) complex was successfully synthesized. Furthermore, Zn(II) complex exhibited significant cytotoxic effect on MCF7 breast cancer and HUVEC cells (p < 0.01). MCF7 and HUVEC cells proliferation was reduced to 11.0% and 52.6%, respectively at 10 μM for 48 h. Additionally, Zn(II) complex significantly induced apoptotic cell death (84.87%) and caused S phase arrest (36.4%) in MCF7 cells at 10 μM (p < 0.01).

Conclusions

Zn(II) complex has great therapeutic potential for the treatment of breast cancer. However, further studies are warranted to identify the underlying mechanisms of apoptotic cell death and to reduce the toxicity of Zn(II) complex on control cells.
Methodological Considerations on the Use of Different Spectral Decomposition Algorithms to Study Hippocampal Rhythms
Authors: Zhou Y. , Sheremet A. , Qin Y. , Kennedy J. P. , DiCola N. M. , Burke S. N. , Maurer A. P.
Published: July 2019

Local field potential (LFP) oscillations are primarily shaped by the superposition of postsynaptic currents. Hippocampal LFP oscillations in the 25- to 50-Hz range (“slow γ”) are proposed to support memory retrieval independent of other frequencies. However, θ harmonics extend up to 48 Hz, necessitating a study to determine whether these oscillations are fundamentally the same. We compared the spectral analysis methods of wavelet, ensemble empirical-mode decomposition (EEMD), and Fourier transform. EEMD, as previously applied, failed to account for the θ harmonics. Depending on analytical parameters selected, wavelet may convolve over high-order θ harmonics due to the variable time-frequency atoms, creating the appearance of a broad 25- to 50-Hz rhythm. As an illustration of this issue, wavelet and EEMD depicted slow γ in a synthetic dataset that only contained θ and its harmonics. Oscillatory transience cannot explain the difference in approaches as Fourier decomposition identifies ripples triggered to epochs of high-power, 120- to 250-Hz events. When Fourier is applied to high power, 25- to 50-Hz events, only θ harmonics are resolved. This analysis challenges the identification of the slow γ rhythm as a unique fundamental hippocampal oscillation. While there may be instances in which slow γ is present in the rat hippocampus, the analysis presented here shows that unless care is exerted in the application of EEMD and wavelet techniques, the results may be misleading, in this case misrepresenting θ harmonics. Moreover, it is necessary to reconsider the characteristics that define a fundamental hippocampal oscillation as well as theories based on multiple independent γ bands.
Sphingomyelin in Brain and Cognitive Development: Preliminary Data
Authors: Schneider Nora , Hauser Jonas , Oliveira Manuel , Cazaubon Elise , Mottaz Sara Colombo , O’Neill Barry V. , Steiner Pascal , Deoni Sean C. L.
Published: July 2019

Sphingomyelin (SM) supports brain myelination, a process closely associated with cognitive maturation. The presence of SM in breast milk suggests a role in infant nutrition; however, little is known about SM contribution to healthy cognitive development. We investigated the link between early life dietary SM, later cognitive development and myelination using an exploratory observational study of neurotypical children. SM levels were quantified in infant nutrition products fed in the first three months of life and associated with myelin content (brain MRI) as well as cognitive development (Mullen scales of early learning; MSEL). Higher levels of SM were significantly associated with higher rates of change in verbal development in the first two years of life (r= 0.65,p< 0.001), as well as, higher levels of myelin content at 12–24 months, delayed onset and/or more prolonged rates of myelination in different brain areas. Second, we explored mechanisms of action using in vitro models (Sprague Dawley rat pups). In vitro data showed SM treatment resulted in increased proliferation [p= 0.0133 andp= 0.0434 at 4 and 10 din vitro(DIV)], maturation (p= 0.467 at 4 d DIV) and differentiation (p= 0.0123 andp= 0.0369 at 4 and 10 DIV) of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), as well as increased axon myelination (p= 0.0005 at 32 DIV). These findings indicate an impact of dietary SM on cognitive development in healthy children, potentially modulated by oligodendrocytes and increased axon myelination. Future research should include randomized controlled trials to substantiate efficacy of SM for cognitive benefits together with preclinical studies examining SM bioavailability and brain uptake.
Bruksizmin tanı ve tedavisinde güncel yaklaşımlar
Authors: GÜLEÇ Melike , TAŞSÖKER Melek , ÖZCAN ŞENER Sevgi
Published: July 2019

Bruksizm, çiğneme ve
öğütme gibi fonksiyonel bir amaç olmaksızın dişlerde gerçekleştirilen sıkma
ve/veya gıcırdatma hareketinin adıdır. Etiyolojide genel olarak morfolojik,
psikolojik ve parafonksiyonel faktörler suçlanmaktadır. Ancak subjektif olması
yönüyle bruksizm tanısında dünya genelinde kabul görmüş ortak bir görüş
bulunmamaktadır. Bruksizm uyku esnasında veya uyanıkken gerçekleşebilir. Uyku
bruksizmi cinsiyete bağlı farklılık göstermezken, uyanıkken gerçekleşen
bruksizm daha çok
kadınlarda görülmektedir. Bruksizm, dişlerde fraktür
ve aşınmalar, periodontal dokularda destek kaybı ve mobilite, çiğneme
sisteminde ve orofasial bölgede ağrı ile temporomandibular eklem disfonksiyonu
gibi problemlere yol açabilmektedir. Bruksizm tanısında temel olarak beş yöntem
uygulanmaktadır. Bunlar; anket yöntemi, klinik gözlem, ağız içi
apareyleri, çiğneme kaslarının elektromyografik analizi, polisomnografi (PSG)’dir.
Bu yöntemlerin içinde PSG ile değerlendirme gold standart olarak kabul
edilmesine rağmen belirli limitasyonları bulunmaktadır. Klinik gözlemde temel
olarak diş aşınmaları ve yumuşak dokuda görülen değişiklikler izlenmektedir. Diş
aşınmaları oluşumuna etki eden faktörlere göre abfraksiyon, atrizyon, korozyon
ve abrazyon olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Aşınma derecesi fazla olan, dişin
spesifik fonksiyonunu yapamadığı, ağrı ve hassasiyete sebep olduğu ve diş
dokusundaki kaybın restorasyon gerektirecek seviyeye geldiği durumlar patolojik
diş aşınması olarak adlandırılır. Bruksizmin etiyolojisindeki farklılıklar
tedavilerinde de farklı yaklaşımlar gerektirir. Günümüzde bruksizm tedavi
yaklaşımları; kişiye yönelik yaklaşımlar (bilişsel-davranışsal terapi),
farmakolojik yaklaşımlar ve oklüzal yaklaşımlar olarak özetlenebilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bruksizmin güncel tanı ve tedavi
prensiplerini sunmaktır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler: Bruksizm, etiyoloji, diş aşınmaları
Hybrid Decay: A Transgenerational Epigenetic Decline in Vigor and Viability Triggered in Backcross Populations of Teosinte with Maize
Authors: Xue Wei , Anderson Sarah N , Wang Xufeng , Yang Liyan , Crisp Peter A , Li Qing , Noshay Jaclyn , Albert Patrice S , Birchler James A , Bilinski Paul , Stitzer Michelle C , Ross-Ibarra Jeffrey , Flint-Garcia Sherry , Chen Xuemei , Springer Nathan M , Doebley John F
Published: July 2019

Xue et al. describe a phenomenon in maize and its nearest wild relative, teosinte, by which backcross progeny of a specific teosinte and maize exhibit a sickly whole-plant phenotype involving changes in morphology, vigor, and viability...

In the course of generating populations of maize with teosinte chromosomal introgressions, an unusual sickly plant phenotype was noted in individuals from crosses with two teosinte accessions collected near Valle de Bravo, Mexico. The plants of these Bravo teosinte accessions appear phenotypically normal themselves and the F1 plants appear similar to typical maize × teosinte F1s. However, upon backcrossing to maize, the BC1 and subsequent generations display a number of detrimental characteristics including shorter stature, reduced seed set, and abnormal floral structures. This phenomenon is observed in all BC individuals and there is no chromosomal segment linked to the sickly plant phenotype in advanced backcross generations. Once the sickly phenotype appears in a lineage, normal plants are never again recovered by continued backcrossing to the normal maize parent. Whole-genome shotgun sequencing reveals a small number of genomic sequences, some with homology to transposable elements, that have increased in copy number in the backcross populations. Transcriptome analysis of seedlings, which do not have striking phenotypic abnormalities, identified segments of 18 maize genes that exhibit increased expression in sickly plants. A de novo assembly of transcripts present in plants exhibiting the sickly phenotype identified a set of 59 upregulated novel transcripts. These transcripts include some examples with sequence similarity to transposable elements and other sequences present in the recurrent maize parent (W22) genome as well as novel sequences not present in the W22 genome. Genome-wide profiles of gene expression, DNA methylation, and small RNAs are similar between sickly plants and normal controls, although a few upregulated transcripts and transposable elements are associated with altered small RNA or methylation profiles. This study documents hybrid incompatibility and genome instability triggered by the backcrossing of Bravo teosinte with maize. We name this phenomenon “hybrid decay” and present ideas on the mechanism that may underlie it.
Hypertension and Stroke: Update on Treatment
Authors: Wajngarten Mauricio , Silva Gisele Sampaio
Published: July 2019

Stroke is the second most common cause of mortality worldwide and the third most common cause of disability. Hypertension is the most prevalent risk factor for stroke. Stroke causes and haemodynamic consequences are heterogeneous which makes the management of blood pressure in stroke patients complex requiring an accurate diagnosis and precise definition of therapeutic goals. In this article, the authors provide an updated review on the management of arterial hypertension to prevent the first episode and the recurrence. They also present a discussion on blood pressure management in hypertensive urgencies and emergencies, especially in the acute phase of hypertensive encephalopathy, ischaemic stroke and haemorrhagic stroke.
Testosterone and the Heart
Authors: Kirby Michael , Hackett Geoffrey , Ramachandran Sudarshan
Published: July 2019

The development of a subnormal level of testosterone (T) is not universal in ageing men, with 75% of men retaining normal levels. However, a substantial number of men do develop T deficiency (TD), with many of them carrying a portfolio of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, including type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the metabolic syndrome. TD increases the risk of CV disease (CVD) and the risk of developing T2D and the metabolic syndrome. The key symptoms suggesting low T are sexual in nature, including erectile dysfunction (ED), loss of night-time erections and reduced libido. Many men with heart disease, if asked, admit to ED being present; a problem that is often compounded by drugs used to treat CVD. A large number of studies and meta-analyses have provided evidence of the link between TD and an increase in CVD and total mortality. Patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) who have TD have a poor prognosis and this is associated with more frequent admissions and increased mortality compared with those who do not have TD. Conversely, in men with symptoms and documented TD, T therapy has been shown to have beneficial effects, namely improvement in exercise capacity in patients with CHF, improvement of myocardial ischaemia and coronary artery disease. Reductions in BMI and waist circumference, and improvements in glycaemic control and lipid profiles, are observed in T-deficient men receiving T therapy. These effects might be expected to translate into benefits and there are more than 100 studies showing CV benefit or improved CV risk factors with T therapy. There are flawed retrospective and prescribing data studies that have suggested increased mortality in treated men, which has led to regulatory warnings, and one placebo-controlled study demonstrating an increase in coronary artery non-calcified and total plaque volumes in men treated with T, which is open for debate. Men with ED and TD who fail to respond to phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors can be salvaged by treating the TD. There are data to suggest that T and PDE5 inhibitors may act synergistically to reduce CV risk.
PENERAPAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN TEAM QUIZ DALAM MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR KOGNITIF PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATA PELAJARAN FIQIH MATERI MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN HALAL DAN HARAM
Authors: Tulsahidah Rohimah
Published: July 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui penerapan metode pembelajaran team quiz, untuk mengetahui perbedaan motivasi dan hasil belajar kognitif antara peserta didik yang menggunakan metode team quiz dengan peserta didik yang menggunakan metode konvensional, serta untuk mengetahui tanggapan peserta didik terhadap penerapan metode pembelajaran team quiz. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan metode quasi eksperimen bentuk nonequivalent control group design. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran Fiqih dengan menggunakanmetode team quiz meliputi kegiatan pendahuluan, inti dan penutup. Nilai rata-rata motivasi belajar kelas eksperimen 77,08 sedangkan nilai rata-rata motivasi belajar kelas kontrol 59,92, diperoleh perbedaan yang signifikan, nilai Z hitung > Z𝛼 yaitu 6,65 > 1,96, maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Nilai rata-rata pretestkelas eksperimen 51,62 dan nilai rata-rata posttest 83,62, n-gain pada kelas eksperimen 0,67 berkategori sedang (0,30< g ≥ 0,70), nilai rata-rata pretest kelas kontrol 52,57 dan nilai rata-rata posttest 66,48, ngain 0,29 berkategori rendah (0,30< g ≥ 0,70). diperoleh perbedaan yang signifikan, nilai Z hitung >Z𝛼 yaitu 5,47 > 1,96, maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Tanggapan peserta didik terhadap penerapan metode pembelajaran team quiz berkategori sangat baik, diperoleh hasil persentase rata-rata 81,67%
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN MODELLING THE WAY TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN IBADAH SEHARI-HARI
Authors: Rakasiwi Ardi
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini dilakukan karena masih ada siswa yang baik dalam hal kognitif namun pada pelaksanaan ibadah sehari-harinya masih kurang baik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui realitas pelaksanaan ibadah sehari-hari siswa dengan menggunakan metode pembelajaran Modelling The Way.Penelitian ini didasarkan pada asumsi bahwa pemilihan metode pembelajaran yang tepat pada materi PAI subbab Fiqih akan sangat berkaitan dengan pelaksanaan ibadah sehari-hari siswa dan metode pembelajaran Modelling The Way lah salah satu metode pembelajaran yang tepat untuk pembelajaran Fiqih. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif korelasional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 30 orang siswa SMP Negeri 17 Bandung. Sedangkan teknik pengumpulan datanya dengan menggunakan angket, observasi, wawancara dan studi kepustakaan. Kemudian untukanalisis datanya menggunakan dua pendekatan yaitu analisis deskriptif dan analisis korelasi.Setelah dilakukan analisis terhadap data yang diperoleh, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa (1) Tanggapan siswa terhadap penerapan metode pembelajaran Modelling The Way termasuk pada kualifikasi sangat tinggi, haltersebut berdasarkan skor 4,397 berada pada interval 4,20 – 5,00; (2) Pelaksanaan ibadah sehari-hari siswa termasuk pada kualifikasi tinggi, hal tersebut berdasarkan skor 3,81 berada pada interval 3,40 – 4,19; dan(3) Pengaruh antara keduanya adalah (a) Angka koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,67, angka tersebut termasuk pada kualifikasi tinggi karena berada pada interval 0,60 – 0,69 ; (b) Hipotesisnya diterima yaitu adanya  hubungan yang signifikan antara variabel X dengan variabel Y karena t hitung > t tabel atau 4,78 > 2,763 ; dan (c) Derajat pengaruh variabel X terhadap variabel Y sebesar 26%, sehingga masih terdapat 74% faktor lain yang mempengaruhi pelaksanaan ibadah sehari-hari siswa SMP Negeri 17 Bandung
Plastic-damage analysis of concrete cutoff wall for a concrete face rockfill dam
Authors: Wen Lifeng , Li Yanlong , Chai Junrui
Published: July 2019

Through in situ measurement records and numerical analysis, this work investigated the behaviour of a concrete cutoff wall for a concrete face rockfill dam built on an alluvium foundation. Monitoring records were obtained from a detailed monitoring system. A three-dimensional numerical model that uses a plastic-damage model for the stress–strain relationship of concrete was developed to predict the behaviour of the concrete cutoff wall. A coupled hydro-mechanical (HM) method was adopted to characterise the HM coupling effect of the dam and the alluvium foundation. The dam construction and the subsequent reservoir-filling processes were simulated in the numerical model. The results were compared with in situ measurements to validate the numerical model. The loading mechanism, stress and deformation behaviour, damage distribution and cracking of the cutoff wall were analysed. The wall behaviour, especially with relevance to the walls for dams with corewalls or inclined corewalls, and the effects of several factors on wall behaviour were investigated.
Modelling strain penetration effects in RC walls with smooth steel bars
Authors: Caruso Claudia , Bento Rita , Sousa Romain , Correia António A.
Published: July 2019

Reinforced-concrete (RC) dual wall–frame structures comprise an important proportion of the building stock in some European cities. However, many were constructed without seismic provisions and it is therefore important to assess their ability to withstand seismic events and to define strategies to reduce their potential vulnerability. This work focuses on the numerical simulation of the seismic behaviour of RC walls making use of fibre-based non-linear beam elements. Even though it is common to assume perfect bond between reinforcing bars and concrete, the relative bond–slip deformations between the two materials can contribute up to 40% of the total lateral deformation of columns when ribbed rebars are used and up to 90% in the case of smooth rebars. The aim of this paper is to provide a contribution towards understanding the importance of these effects in old RC walls and to provide indications regarding the use of a simplified bond–slip model.
Substitutability of Monetary Policy Instruments
Authors: Doniger Cynthia , Hebden James , Pettit Luke , Skaperdas Arsenios
Published: July 2019

This note presents an approach to infer the magnitude of changes to the level of the policy target rate--a more commonly used metric of monetary policy actions--that would lead to approximately the same macroeconomic outcomes as induced through changes in the central bank's balance sheet.
Danza terapéutica y ejercicio físico. Efecto sobre la fibromialgia
Authors: Marín Mejía Fabiana , Colina Gallo Evelyn , Duque Vera Iván Leonardo
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: Establecer el efecto de la danza terapéutica y del ejercicio físico sobre la sintomatología y el número de puntos dolorosos en mujeres con fibromialgia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuasiexperimental que consideró una muestra probabilística aleatorizada. Un total de 37 mujeres con fibromialgia fueron sometidas a programas de danza terapéutica (n=18) y ejercicio físico (n=19). La edad promedio fue 47,4±8,4 años. La duración de la intervención fue de 3 meses con una frecuencia de entrenamiento de 2 sesiones por semana y una duración de 60 minutos por sesión. Todas las participantes suministraron información que permitió determinar el índice de dolor generalizado y la escala de severidad de síntomas. Resultados: La danza terapéutica y el ejercicio físico disminuyeron significativamente el número de puntos dolorosos (12,1±2,8 a 7,3±3,1 para valores pre y post respectivamente (p=0,000)); y los síntomas asociados a la fibromialgia (8,7±2,3 a 5,7±2,6 para valores pre y post respectivamente (p=0,000)). Conclusiones: La danza terapéutica y el ejercicio físico tienen un efecto benéfico equivalente en la disminución del índice de dolor generalizado, la depresión, los síntomas cognitivos y los trastornos del sueño en mujeres con fibromialgia.
felicidad como predictor de funcionalidad familiar del adulto mayor en tres ciudades de Colombia
Authors: Cardona Arango Doris , Segura Cardona Ángela , Segura Cardona Alejandra , Muñoz Rodríguez Diana Isabel , Agudelo Cifuentes Maite Catalina
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: Determinar la capacidad predictiva de la felicidad sobre el funcionamiento familiar del adulto mayor en tres ciudades de Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio analítico, transversal, de fuente primaria, con 1514 encuestas aplicadas a personas de 60 años en adelante, en 2016, residentes en las ciudades de Medellín, Barranquilla y Pasto. Se indagó por la funcionalidad familiar a través del APGAR familiar; aunado a las características demográficas, sociales y del estado de salud físico, mental y funcional de la persona mayor. Se realizó análisis univariado, bivariado y multivariado con el fin de ajustar por las variables confusoras y se calculó un modelo predictivo con el método backward (Wald). Resultados: Las características asociadas al funcionamiento familiar fueron: ciudad de residencia; sexo femenino; tener pareja sentimental; alto nivel educativo; no padecer trastornos mentales; percepción de felicidad, sin riesgo de depresión; baja vulnerabilidad y contar con apoyo social. Las que aportan a su predicción fueron ser mujer, ser feliz, no tener depresión, no ser vulnerable, tener apoyo instrumental y social adecuado y no haber sido maltratado. La felicidad es el mayor predictor, según el modelo calculado, con sensibilidad del 92,6 % y especificidad del 40,8 %. Conclusión: Si se fortalece el bienestar subjetivo de la persona mayor se permitirá ver la vejez con una imagen positiva como facilitador de buenas relaciones familiares e integrante activo de la sociedad.
Hacia la Promoción de la salud
Authors: García Saisó Sebastián
Published: July 2019

La provisión efectiva de servicios de salud tiene como factor crítico la formación de capital humano con las competencias para atender los requerimientos de la población. Estos requerimientos, sin embargo, no son unidimensionales, la población requiere servicios de salud de cierto tipo, en cierto lugar y en una cierta cantidad.
 
De este modo, la planeación para la formación de capital humano tiene que desdoblarse también en varias dimensiones que permitan responder a las preguntas ¿qué tipo de profesionales se requieren?, ¿en qué lugares?, y ¿en qué cantidad?, explore las condiciones existentes y defina las que son necesarias, para que una vez que se respondan estas preguntas se puedan realizar las acciones para contar con ese personal en la cantidad y lugar que se requiere
Diversificación productiva y cambio estructural en economías cerradas y abiertas
Authors: Ortiz Carlos Humberto , Jiménez Diana Marcela , Jaramillo María Liliam
Published: July 2019

Productive diversification has been the main determinant of structural change of the economies. This hypothesis is analysed for nine countries under a relatively closed trade regime, and for nine Latin American countries under a relatively open trade regime with the United States. The equations of structural change that are tested are derived from a multisector dynamic general equilibrium model. The negative impact of productive diversification on the relative allocation of resources to the primary sector cannot be rejected for closed economies: greater diversification increases the relative productivity of manufacturing activities. The impact of a country’s comparative advantages on the allocation of resources to agriculture cannot be rejected: the relative agricultural productivity has a positive impact; the relative capital endowment has a negative impact; and the real exchange rate has a positive impact. In the last case, it is argued that low diversification induces a deterioration in the terms of trade, which favours specialization in primary activities.
El gasto fiscal de la guerra contra los portadores de drogas ilícitas: una aproximación para Colombia
Authors: Gutiérrez Isabel , Tobón Santiago
Published: July 2019

Around the world, governments spend enormous amounts of public funds in controlling possession, manufacturing and trafficking of illicit drugs. These costs are usually difficult to observe, as they correspond to the opportunity cost of many bureaucrats involved in the process. In this paper, we estimate the expected cost per arrest for possession, manufacturing or trafficking of illicit drugs for the case of Colombia. We find that the expected cost of an arrest is roughly COP$11 million, hence the expected total cost associated with the 984,106 arrests carried out between 2001 and 2015 adds up to COP$10.6 billion. Also, we analyse whether these expenditures are justified by the control of international drug trafficking, crime associated with drug dealing in local markets or drug abuse deterrence. We conclude that none of these reasons justify such fiscal expenditures; rather, these seem to be explained by an issue of incentive compatibility in Colombian authorities.
Transmisión de los precios del arroz en Colombia y el mundo
Authors: Troncoso-Sepúlveda Ricardo
Published: July 2019

The aim of this paper is to analyse the spatial price transmission of rice in Colombia, emphasizing the impact of trade policies. For this purpose, a Markov-switching vector error correction model was used to model regime shifts in the relationship between domestic and international rice prices in Colombia and some control countries, from January 1996 to September 2018. The results reveal three price transmission regimes that coincide with internal trade policies and with the food crisis of 2007-2008. The high volatility regime was the most persistent, with an average duration of 15.4 months, a transition probability of 93 % and an adjustment speed of 0.24. In addition, during this regime, Colombia was less integrated into the international rice market. These results are relevant, since they constitute the application of a threshold methodology to the analysis of the transmission of agricultural prices and can be useful for the design of agrarian policies that contribute to the integration and competitiveness of the Colombian rice sector.
A machine learning approach to support deep brain stimulation programming
Authors: Gómez-Orozco Viviana , De La Pava Panche Iván , Álvarez-Meza Andrés Marino , Álvarez-López Mauricio Alexander , Orozco-Gutiérrez Álvaro Ángel
Published: July 2019

Adjusting the stimulation parameters is a challenge in deep brain stimulation (DBS) therapy due to the vast number of different configurations available. As a result, systems based on the visualization of the volume of tissue activated (VTA) produced by a particular stimulation setting have been developed. However, the medical specialist still has to search, by trial and error, for a DBS set-up that generates the desired VTA. Therefore, our goal is developing a DBS parameter tuning strategy for current clinical devices that allows defining a target VTA under biophysically viable constraints. We propose a machine learning approach that allows estimating the DBS parameter values for a given VTA, which comprises two main stages: i) A K-nearest neighbors-based deformation to define a target VTA preserving biophysically viable constraints. ii) A parameter estimation stage that consists of a data projection using metric learning to highlight relevant VTA properties, and a regression/classification algorithm to estimate the DBS parameters that generate the target VTA. Our methodology allows setting a biophysically compliant target VTA and accurately predicts the required configuration of stimulation parameters. Also, the performance of our approach is stable for both isotropic and anisotropic tissue conductivities. Furthermore, the computational cost of the trained system is acceptable for real-world implementations.
New manual on historical phonetics and phonology
Authors:   Institute of the Ukrainian language of the National Academy of Sciences of  Ukraine, Puriaieva Nataliia
Published: July 2019

The book review: Naenko G. M., Sukhoviy O. O. History of the Ukrainian language: Рractice Book on Phonetics and Phonology. Kyiv: Kyiv University, 2017.
Registers of Anatolii Moisiienko’s life and poetry
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Kolomyitseva Victoriia
Published: July 2019

The article is devoted to the general description of Anatolii Moisiienko’s poetry, presented in the collection “Selected Poems”. Registers of multifaceted master’s life and work are considered in close unity. His work as a poet is characterized by a great variety of genres: strict sonnets, pretended free verse poems, poetry for children, palindromes, poems, translations. A. Moisiienko is also the founder of a new genre and poetry direction – intellectual-sensory “chess poetry”. Numerous poetry of the master allow the reader to feel an olfactive (smelling) color sound, expressed occasionally by the entire narrative-semantic outline of the text, rather than lexically. The most important logos for him is love, which the artist comprehends as an insight into the metaphysical essence of the universe, as a sunshine, as a “radiance”. Regarding grammatical and philosophical categories, special attention should be paid to the category of tense in A. Moisiienko’s poems, which becomes a notable means of comprehension of all life events in the value dimension. A frontal analysis of grammatical tense of verbs-predicates in the poetry from the collection “Selected Poems” revealed that the present tense denoted a lyrical space in more than 40 percent of poetry. And among the various types of present tense, an aphoristic or expanded (generalized) type, characterizing poetry of a high ethic-philosophical level, prevails prominently.
Our department
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Moisiienko Аnatolii
Published: July 2019

TO THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE
Rozov Volodymyr Oleksiyovych in the history of the University of  Saint Volodymyr
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Nika Оksana
Published: July 2019

The article for the first time introduces into scientific discourse information about the unique archive of V.Rozov, Ukrainian researcher in the history of language, as well as literature, culture, philosophy. The uniqueness of the archive lies, firstly, in the value of works on historical linguistics and dialectology, secondly, in the development of topics “language – history – literature – cultureˮ in their interrelation, and thirdly, in the “new discoveryˮ of ideas of V. Rozov as one of the major linguists of the first half of the XX century and consideration of the prospects of his conclusions in modern linguistics. The archive contains the manuscripts of V.Rozov, which have not yet been systematically described and published, as well as printed materials. They open up to now a scientific heritage not appreciated sufficiently of the great Ukrainian linguist, who was only mentioned fragmentarily as a publisher of Ukrainian letters of the XIV-XV centuries. The archive impresses with the erudition of the linguist, his vocation in the works known in European linguistics, the profound knowledge of languages – Slavic and non-Slavic, and the scientific argumentation of the presentation. The languages of printed and handwritten works – Ukrainian, Russian, Serbian, among the most studied genres – letters of the XIV-XV centuries, as well as Ukrainian school drama. The study of the scientific heritage of V.Rozov needs to be presented in a series of articles, the first of which covers his teaching and scientific activities at the University of St.Volodymyr, the Kyiv period of his life. It was during this period that his interest in the issues of the Ukrainian literary language, dialectology, and linguistic source studies began, which in fact determined the main directions of scientific activity in subsequent periods of his life, although the factual material acquires a wider generalization and thoughtful comprehension.
Is a history of the Ukrainian literary language a history of the language of Ukrainian literature?
Authors:   Vienna University, Moser Мichael
Published: July 2019

Whilemost western linguists prefer the term “standard language”, the older term “literary language” still prevails in Ukrainian studies (as in other fields of Slavic studies). Although the expressions are theoretically synonymous, it is obvious that the traditional term “literary language” often creates serious problems. Particularly, this applies to various “Histories of the Ukrainian Literary Language,” which often turn out to be histories of the Ukrainian language of literature instead. Particularly, these works pay very scarce attention to the historical development of those factors that are decisive for the status of a “literary” or “standard language” as described, inter alia, by the Prague Linguistic Circle or Einar Haugen. Against the background of the theses that were suggested by the Prague Linguistic circle, histories of the Ukrainian “literary language” should provide considerably more information regarding the codification of Ukrainian and the dissemination of the codified language, the development of the multifunctionality and superregional outreach of Ukrainian and, to a certain extent, its stylistic diversification. The same is true if we look at our “Histories of the Ukrainian Literary Language” from Einar Haugens perspective (which is, after all, very similar to the Prague School theses) and want to know more about the processes of selection, codification, dissemination, and elaboration in their historical dimension. Unfortunately, the focus of the “Histories of the Ukrainian Literary Language” is clearly on the language of fine literature, although this sphere is in fact just one out of many that should be much more carefully studied in new monographs devoted to the history of the Ukrainian literary (or standard) language in the real meaning of the word. The present study offers a critical approach to the most widely used “History of the Ukrainian Literary Language” by Vitalij Rusanivskyj, which basically is a history of the Ukrainian language of literature.
Inversion as the Concept of Communicative Grammar
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Aribzhanova Iryna
Published: July 2019

The article considers the problem of the syntactic status of inversion. The material of the research is the simple sentences-utterances of the Ukrainian language. The concept of communicative inversion and the concept of formal inversion are defined. These concepts reflect different aspects of the division of a sentence – by communicative components (for example, rheme + theme) and by the members of a sentence (for example, predicate + subject). Two meanings of the concept of communicative inversion are defined: firstly, communicative inversion is the intonational-positional transfer of the most important semantic-informational part of a sentence (or the words of the syntactic group, or syntagma) from the final position to the initial or middle position (method of forming the utterance); secondly, communicative inversion is a sentence structure opposed to the basic structure as a derivative (expressive utterance). Communicative analysis shows that formal inversion is functionally subordinated to the communicative structure of the sentence-utterance. It serves as the main method of forming contextually dependent utter-ances (changes the actual division of a sentence). Formal inversion is optional in expressive utterances. The result of the study is the classification of the main types of basic sentences-utterances and the methods of forming communicative inversion (full and partial) in the Ukrainian language. The typology is implemented according to the following principles: communicative non-division / division, contextual independence / dependence of utterances, correlation of communicative components with the members of a sentence or connections of the members of a sentence. The first type combines basic sentences-utterances with an undivided predicative group. The second type includes basic sentences with a divided predicative group.
Pili‘Oha/Kinship: (Re)Imagining Perceptions of Nature and More-Than-Human Relationality
Authors: Greeson Kimberley
Published: July 2019

This essay draws from a larger ethnographic study looking at the complex contextuality of biodiversity conservation in Hawaii. This article uses vignettes to communicate its focus. These vignettes are autoethnographic by nature, but are pushed further through the use of diffractive methodology (Barad) to include social-media visuals, multispecies encounters, and Native Hawaiian (kanaka maoli) perspectives. Through my ontological and methodological approach, I seek to challenge normative discourses on human exceptionalism, nature-culture dichotomies, and the manner in which industrialized societies place hierarchies on species and matter, as well as how these conversations might impact conservation. In this article, and through these vignettes, I explore what it means to be native and how my own positionality situates studying the social and cultural milieu of conservation issues in Hawaii.
Tracks of personality on the schematic image of the face
Authors: Barabanschikov V.A. , Besprozvannaya I.I.
Published: July 2019

The concepts of personality of the virtual sitter are studied based on schematic representations of faces induc- ing the expression of joy and sadness (Brunswik, 1956). Observers evaluated schematic faces using the “Personal Differential” scales. It is shown that varying the distance between schematic eyes, nose length, height of the mouth and forehead causes not only impressions of joy or sadness, but also changes the representation of the in- dividual psychological characteristics of a virtual personality. With the expansion of face structure horizontally and narrowing it vertically, pronounced positive ideas about the personality of the virtual sitter dominated. With an alternative configuration — narrowing the face horizontally and expanding it vertically — the ideas about the personality of the model are merged with the ideas generated by the neutral face scheme. The three externally similar facial images correspond to two imaginary models. The doubling effect is reproduced in different ways in the dynamics of the components of the implicit personality structure — the factors “Assessment”, “Strength”, “Activity”. It is proved that the ideas about the individual psychological characteristics of a virtual sitter — the person to whom the schematic faces belong, are mediated by the perception of his states. The hypothesis that the doubling effect is due to differences in the self-assessment of observers has not been confirmed.
The evaluation of convergent and divergent validity of a test-questionnaire for dog owners who complain about inadequate behavior of non-deviant pets
Authors: Nikolskaya A.V. , Kostrigin A.A.
Published: July 2019

Based on interviews and observation of the interaction of 563 dog owners who claim to have “poorly behaved” pets, and 56 dog owners who do not complain about the misbehavior of their pets, a theoretical analysis of the causes of disorders in the interactions between humans and pets and misperception of the animals in the dyad “man-dog” is conducted. The hypotheses about the reasons for making complaints about pets that do not demonstrate deviant behavior are put forward. As a methodological basis for the analysis, the principle of social constructionism (Gergen) and the system principle were used. A test questionnaire that reveals the personal traits of the owners that affect their perception of the dog is proposed. Such traits include a lack of trust, self-acceptance and responsibility. Further on, based on the psychological testing of 125 owners complaining about their pets’ behavior and 65 owners who do not complain about the behavior of their pets, an assessment of the reliability and validity of the questionnaire is carried out. It is shown that the questionnaire can serve as a diagnostic tool in psychotherapy.
Negotiating Publicity and Persona: The Work of Native Actors in Studio Hollywood
Authors: Floyd Jacob
Published: July 2019

The majority of scholarship regarding Native Americans and film has focused on the images of Native Americans as constructed by non-Native filmmakers, but how might we better understand the careers of Native people working as actors in studio Hollywood? I propose studying film publicity material to find traces of the labor and negotiations performed by Native actors as they constructed and maintained their personas. Examining both the construction of studio publicity and analyzing the content of publicity regarding Chief Many Treaties (Blackfeet actor William Hazlett), Chief Yowlachie (Yakama actor Daniel Simmons), Chief Big Tree (Seneca actor Isaac Johnny John); and Chief Rolling Cloud (Muscogee [Creek] actor Charles Brunner), I reveal how publicity material can contextualize actors' experiences and suggest ways that these Native performers used their personas to critique and influence their presences onscreen.
The Chickasaw Press: A Source of Power and Pride
Authors: Rule Elizabeth
Published: July 2019

Established in 2006, the Chickasaw Press is the first tribally owned and operated publishing house in the United States. This article recounts the history of this innovative Indigenous enterprise, explores its decolonized practices and publications, and connects the press to national initiatives for American Indian cultural revitalization. In doing so, I reveal how the press serves as an active agent in the movement for Indigenous cultural and intellectual sovereignty and showcase how this outlet brings together traditional knowledge and cutting-edge technologies to decenter colonial narratives about the Chickasaw people and, thus, to reinstate Chickasaw tribal knowledge and perspectives.
Utjecaj eteričnih ulja na fitopatogene gljive
Authors: Palfi Marina , Vrandečić Karolina , Popijač Vesna , Ćosić Jasenka
Published: July 2019

Primjena sintetskih fungicida predstavlja još uvijek najučinkovitiju zaštitu od uzročnika biljnih bolesti. Međutim, prekomjerna i dugotrajna uporaba fungicida može dovesti do mnogih štetnih nuspojava, poput štetnoga djelovanja na ljudsko zdravlje, zagađenja okoliša i rezistentnosti patogena. Biološki spojevi koji se nalaze u eteričnim uljima nemaju nikakve štetne učinke na ljude i okoliš, pa mogu biti jedna od značajnih alternativa sintetskim fungicidima. Eterična ulja su sekundarni metaboliti biljaka, a često posjeduju antifungalna, antibakterijska, insekticidna, antivirusna i nematocidna svojstva. Kemijski sastav i biološki učinak eteričnih ulja je složen i ovisi o vrsti biljke, dijelu biljke iz kojega se uzima, podrijetlu, pedoklimatskim uvjetima, vremenu žetve, sezoni berbe i prerade, kao i o uvjetima skladištenja, vrsti patogena, primijenjenoj količini, načinu ekstrakcije i načinu aplikacije. Zbog toga se provode mnoga istraživanja
antifungalnoga djelovanja eteričnih ulja na različite fitopatogene in vitro i in vivo ne bi li se pronašla eterična ulja ili njihove kombinacije čiji je antifungalno djelovanje jednako djelovanju sintetskih fungicida.
Importance of sensory evaluation in assessment of egg quality
Authors: Margeta Polonca , Kralik Gordana , Grčević Manuela , Hanžek Danica , Kralik Zlata
Published: July 2019

The sensory evaluation is a scientific discipline used to evoke, measure, analyze and interpret reactions to stimuli perceived through senses of sight, smell, touch, taste, and hearing. Sensory evaluation applies principles of experimental design and statistical analysis to the use of human senses aiming to isolate the sensory properties of foods themselves and provide important and useful information to product developers, food scientists, and managers about the sensory characteristics of food products. To achieve the scientific control of the sensory evaluation test, good laboratory practice should be applied. It includes defining the test objective and test type, selection of right assessors, ensuring right test area, handling and preparing the sample in appropriate way, paying attention to test set-up and storing the test data safe in logical order.
Regarding eggs, sensory characteristics are usually evaluated on eggs enriched with bioactive compounds. Sensory studies are often conducted either with trained (in accordance with international reference standards) or untrained panelists. Sensory evaluation of eggs after addition of different compounds is of great importance because sensory attributes such as aroma, flavor, aftertaste and overall acceptability of enriched eggs are very important to consumers.
A new finding of the European mudminnow (Umbra krameri, Walbaum 1792) in Croatia
Authors: Jelkić Dinko , Vukajlović Nevena , Lužaić Ras , Blažetić Senka , Ozimec Siniša , Opačak Anđelko
Published: July 2019

Distribution of the European mudminnow, Umbra krameri, Walbaum 1792, in Croatia is scarce with only few confirmed localities. In order to confirm presence of the European mudminnow in amelioration canal network along the Drava River an electrofishing was conducted in the small Mlinski canal. Ten specimen of European mudminnow were caught During sampling. Using ImageJ software a truss network was constructed between landmark points on photographs of caught specimens. Total body lengths of caught European mudminnow ranged from 61 to 100 mm (72.00±11.52 mm) whereas standard one ranged from 52 to 85 mm (60.30±10.08 mm). Body weight were relatively small ranging from 1.81 to 7.59 g (3.80±1.89 g), while the Fulton condition factor ranged from 0.76 to 1.23 (0.96±0.15). This new locality of the European mudminnow is situated about 50 km downstream from the last confirmed site in Croatia.