bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Doppler Velocimetry evaluation in high-risk pregnancy for prediction of Preeclampsia
Authors: Singh Rohini , Mondal Sudipa , Bajaj Manisha , Mandal Debasmita
Published: October 2021

Background: The uterine and umbilical artery Doppler scan is a valuable tool for evaluation of utero-placental blood flow in pregnancy. They help in detecting uteroplacental insufficiency thus predicting preeclampsia and other effects of faulty placentation which increase the risk of adverse effects on both mother and fetus.
Aims and Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the uterine artery and umbilical artery Doppler indices in second and third trimester for prediction of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnancies.
Materials and Methods: In this prospective observational study done over a years’ time, 50 high-risk pregnant mothers were recruited and the Doppler scans were done at 21-25 weeks and 31-35 weeks. The necessary clinical observations were recorded throughout the antenatal period and the data analysis was done.
Results: Majority (56%) were in 20-29 years range with mean age of 24±6.1 years. Out of the 50 women, 21 had abnormal uterine artery Doppler and 12 had umbilical artery abnormality along with uterine derangement. Preeclampsia developed in 3 of them. The hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were diagnosed in 13 women, preeclampsia in 3, eclampsia in 1and other HDPs in 9. The persistence of notch in uterine artery was observed in 7 women, of these 2 developed PIH. Only one patient had uterine artery PI>1.45 at 24 weeks who subsequently developed preeclampsia. Among 4 patients of preeclampsia and eclampsia, 3 had 2nd trimester uterine and 3rd trimester umbilical Doppler abnormalities and only 1 had normal doppler indices. In 2nd trimester the sensitivity, specificity and PPV are higher for uterine artery PI as compared to umbilical artery PI. Hence, uterine artery doppler seems to be a better screening tool for early prediction of PIH. The third trimester umbilical artery PI with higher specificity (96%) and PPV (50%) can diagnose preeclampsia better. One patient had absent diastolic flow and she developed preeclampsia and IUGR. The combined uterine and umbilical artery doppler is a better screening modality as it has a higher sensitivity (75%) and NPV (99.26%).
Conclusion: The uterine and umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry are potential tools for uteroplacental surveillance of high-risk pregnancies which can identify patients at risk and help in taking timely action to prevent complications.
Profile and early prediction of neuromotor outcome of very low birth weight infants
Authors: Chaudhuri Saugata , Mukherjee Suchandra , Bose Tanmoy Kumar , Chowdhury Turna Roy , Jana Kaushik , Jana Debarshi
Published: October 2021

Background: Very low birth weight infants are at increased risk of developmental disorder. Early identification is necessary for planning and implementation of early intervention.
Aims and Objective: To test the association of neurological examination at 40 weeks and 3 months with neuro motor outcome of VLBW infants at 24 months and to identify the perinatal and neonatal risk factors for atypical neurological outcome.
Materials and Methods: It is a prospective cohort study. Consecutive 120 VLBW infants were enrolled in a single centre level III neonatal unit of a teaching hospital. Neuro motor assessment was done by Dubowitz neurological examination at 40 weeks and by Hammersmith infant neurological examination (HINE) at 3 months and 12 months at neurodevelopmental clinic. Motor assessment were performed by Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) at 6 and 12 months and by Bayley Scale of Infant & Toddler scale, (BSID) 3rd edition at 6,12 and 24 months respectively. All assessment ages were corrected for prematurity.
Results: At 12 months 4.5% infants developed abnormal tone and 5.6% had motor delay. Four infants developed cerebral palsy at 24 months. Shock in neonatal period had significant association with suboptimal motor outcome at 12 months. Suboptimal HINE score at 12 months was rightly predicted at 3 months by HINE.
Conclusion: Early anticipation and early identification of abnormal neuro motor outcome of VLBW infants can be used as simple and cost-effective measures for preventing long term neuro motor morbidity at resource limited countries.
CD10 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma and its correlation with histopathological features and lymph node metastasis
Authors: Mohan Bhavya Pappalamukalel , Krishnan Sharath Kesavan
Published: October 2021

Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Invasion and metastasis are known prognostic factors. Previous studies have suggested CD10 expression in the epithelium and stroma of various carcinomas is associated with more aggressive behavior of the tumor.
Aims and Objective: To study the immunohistochemical expression of CD10 in stromal cells of gastric adenocarcinoma and to correlate the expression with various clinicopathological features and lymph node metastasis.
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study of CD10 expression in 40 cases of gastric carcinoma in gastrectomy specimens was done. CD10 expression was correlated with age, gender, tumor site, tumor grade, histologic sub type, depth of invasion and lymph node status.
Results: Out of 40 cases, 72.5% were males and 27.5% were females. Majority of cases were seen in 6th and 7th decades. Antrum was the most common location (70%) and intestinal morphology was the commonest histologic subtype (47.5%). Tumor size ranged from 2.5 to 11cms. 40% tumors were well differentiated. Majority (62.5%) of the tumors were in T3 stage. 25 (62.5%) cases showed a positive CD10 expression in stromal cells. Stromal CD10 expression in gastric carcinoma did not correlate with the age and gender of the cases as well as the location and size of the tumor, histologic subtype and lymph node involvement but correlated with depth of invasion (T stage) (p <0.05).
Conclusion: CD10 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma shows a significant correlation with depth of invasion. CD10 may be used as an immunohistochemical surrogate of tumor behavior.
Analysis of second wave of COVID-19 cases in Nepal with a logistic model
Authors: Joshi Radha Krishna , Bhatt Sarita , Lamichhane Tika Ram , Ghimire Madhav Prasad
Published: October 2021

Background: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a newly identified highly infectious disease. It has affected almost every country including Nepal causing a pandemic situation. Most of the properties of SARS-CoV-2 are not known and still under intense investigation. Due to high mutation rate, it reappears in many countries in the form of new variant. In Nepal, second wave impact of COVID-19 is mainly caused by newly found delta variant of SARS-CoV-2. In this case, the mathematical modelling is noted to play important role to understand control strategies for the spread of coronavirus.
Aims and Objective: To analyze the second wave impact by modelling the data of COVID-19 cases in Nepal.
Materials and Methods: We have analyzed COVID-19 daily cases and deaths reported by Ministry of Health and Population, Government of Nepal from April 1 to May 31, 2021. A logistic model has been used to present the trend line of COVID-19 infection in Nepal, based on the law of population growth developed by Verhulst.
Results: The results show a good fit between observed and predicted data by logistic model as indicated by coefficient of determination having value near to unity. The point of inflection from the logistic model predicted a maximum of 9951 daily new cases. The maximum number of cumulative cases estimated at the end of second wave was found to be 307293 with 95% confidence interval.
Conclusion: Logistic model properly describes the growth of COVID-19 cases with time. This type of data modelling and analysis will be very useful in predicting the upcoming trend of COVID-19 in Nepal as a basis for making health policy management by the government.
Sexual dysfunction in married female patients on antidepressants: A Cross Sectional Observational study from Patna medical college and hospital
Authors: Singh Vivek Pratap , Singh Abhishek Pratap , Singh Narendra Pratap
Published: October 2021

Background: Clinicians and patients now have a broad variety of antidepressants to choose from, due to an ever-growing pharmacopoeia. However, one of the most significant considerations preventing antidepressant use is their side effects, one of which is sexual dysfunction. This issue has a negative impact on the patient’s quality of life which can contribute to clinical non-adherence in long-term therapies.
Aims and Objectives: The objective of this research was to look into the characteristics of sexual dysfunction in married female antidepressant patients and patterns of sexual dysfunctions in female patients receiving antidepressants.
Materials and Methods: It was Cross-sectional observational study. The study was conducted in the department of Psychiatry, Patna Medical College and Hospital at Patna.The Departmental Research Committee accepted the report, and 50 patients were enrolled after receiving written informed consent. Purposive sampling was used to pick the sample for the analysis, which had a cross-sectional study. The women contacted were in the outpatient psychiatric care of the department of Psychiatry and had been diagnosed with depressive disorder during the study period June 2018 to February 2019.
Results: Seventy percent of patients were taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), 20 % were taking tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), and 10 % were taking other medications such as mirtazapine or desvenlafexine. Within six months, 44 % of patients were on therapy, and 22.0 % had been on treatment for more than two years. Patients taking Escitalopram (80 %) have less sexual activity than those taking Sertraline (66.7 %) or Fluoxetine (77.8 %), Patients observed a change in sexual activity in 58 percent of cases, a decrease in sexual desire in 70 % of cases (p=0.0009*), a slight decrease in 14 percent of cases, and a slight decrease in only 8 % of cases (p=0.0009). 18 % of patients reported a delay in orgasm, with 66 percent reporting a major delay, 8 % reporting a moderate delay, and 8 % reporting a slight delay (p=0.0001).
Conclusion: Our findings indicate that sexual dysfunction is common in married female patients taking antidepressants, and that antidepressants affect both aspects of sexual functioning.
Shaping the Landscape of Eukaryotic Gene Expression: Horizontal Gene Transfer
Authors: Dhar Ruby , Kumar Arun , Karmakar Subhradip
Published: October 2021

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in prokaryotes refers to the movement of genes and genetic information between two organisms. This usually results in the spread of antibiotic resistance genes among bacteria. Vertical gene transfer(VGT), on the other hand, refers to the flow of genetic information from parents to offsprings. Until recently, HGT was an exclusive prerogative of the prokaryotes. These are obvious due to the distinct nuclear membrane enclosure of eukaryote genomes that are shielded from outside interferences. VGT can cross species barriers and may even allow the transmission of genes across the kingdoms of life. HGT is now an emerging idea in eukaryotic genomes, challenging previous assertions that HGT is restricted to prokaryotes. It is now accepted that HGT can profoundly influence host metabolic pathways and alter gene expressions even in eukaryotes. HGT, is also fundamentally important during development, origin of human diseases, such as cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. It may also influence therapeutic outcome by promoting resistant phenotypes.  HGT is recently documented in prokaryote to eukaryote HGT is the tardigrade case though an analysis of a draft tardigrade genome suggested that HGT contributed to up to ~17 % of the gene. Further analysis performed after whole genome pair-wise alignments between human genome as well as 53 vertebrate genomes, it was observed that nearly 1500 human genome regions involving 642 known genes, most of which are enriched with ion binding to be conserved with non-mammals than with most mammals. This indicated horizontal gene transfer is more common than we expected in the human genome.
It’s a matter of time or maybe a tip of iceberg to know the full extent and implications of HGT. Surprisingly its seems that the eukaryotic genome has many more ways to update itself to vastly expand its repertoire of expression and usability. HGT is just another feather in the crown.
Urząd Generalnego Delegata Rządu dla Galicji (1919–1921)
Authors: Dziadzio Andrzej
Published: October 2021

In early March 1919 the government of Ignacy Paderewski established the office of General Delegate of the Government for Galicia. This ended a stage of provisional management of the post-Austrian district, which resulted from political and systemic changes in the first months of the independent Polish state’s existence. New structures of authority, such as the Polish Liquidation Commission or the Ruling Commission, emerged in opposition to the Polish administration of Austrian times and were based on political and civic rather than professional factors. This complicated the situation so much that the administration of Małopolska by the government in Warsaw became difficult. The appointment of Kazimierz Gałecki as the General Delegate of the Government for Galicia and placing the official structures from the Austrian times at his disposal stabilised administrative relations in the lands of former Galicia, strengthening the authority of the reborn Polish state.
Slope Stability Analysis Based on Safety Factors on Slope CV. Mutiara Timur in Klampok Village, Tongas District, Probolinggo Regency
Authors: Fanani Yazid , Astuti Aprilia Dwi , Paki Andres Kevi
Published: October 2021

CV. Mutiara Timur is a company that is applying for a mining business permit for sirtu commodities in Klampok Village, Tongas District, Probolinggo Regency. The planned mining system is open pit mining using the quarry method. From the results of research in the field obtained rock lithology in the form of topsoil, gravel and sand. Where in the slope design later, the topsoil will be peeled off first. The purpose of slope stability analysis is to determine the geometry of the slope by taking into account the safety factor in order to create safe working conditions. Slope stability analysis on CV. Mutiara Timur using the Bishop method using the Slide v6.0 software. Based on the analysis carried out, the recommendation for slope geometry on a single slope is 4 meters high with a slope of 600 so that the no-load safety factor is 1.350 and the safety factor with load is 1.267. In addition, the slope geometry is obtained on the overall slope, which is a total height of 21 meters with a slope of 380 so that the no-load safety factor is 1.243 and the safety factor with the load is 1.239.
Population Control in the “Global North”?: Canada’s Response to Indigenous Reproductive Rights and Neo-Eugenics
Authors: Dyck Erika , Lux Maureen
Published: October 2021

An historical analysis of reproductive politics in the Canadian North during the 1970s necessitates a careful reading of the local circumstances regarding feminism, sovereignty, language, colonialism, and access to health services, which differed regionally and culturally. These features were conditioned, however, by international discussions on family planning that ﬁxated on the twinned concepts of unchecked population growth and poverty. Language from these debates crept into discussions about reproduction and birth control in northern Canada, producing the state’s logic that, despite low population density, the endemic poverty in the North necessitated aggressive family planning measures.
19. YY’DAN GÜNÜMÜZE LATIİN AMERİKA’YA GÖÇ EDEN DENİZAŞIRI ÇİNLİLERİN HAYATTA KALMA VE ENTEGRASYON MÜCADELELERİ: PERU ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ÖNAL Buket
Published: October 2021

Çin’den farklı zamanlarda, farklı nedenlerle göçler olmuş ve Çin, dünyada Hindistan ve Meksika’dan sonra en çok göç veren üçüncü ülke olmuştur. Çin anakarası, Hong Kong, Makao ve Tayvan dışında yaşayan bu göçmenlere ‘Denizaşırı Çinli’ denmektedir. Latin Amerika da 19.yy’dan itibaren bu göçün yaşandığı bir bölge olmuş ve bu göçler bugüne kadar nicelik ve nitelik değiştirerek devam etmiştir. Bölgede en fazla Çin göçmene sahip ülke Peru’dur. ‘Sözleşmeli İşçi’ göçü adı altında ‘insan ticareti’ ile ülkeye getirilen hayatta kalma mücadelesi veren Çinlilerin üç kuşak torunları bugün sosyal, kültürel, siyasi ve ekonomik statülerini yükselterek önemli pozisyonlara sahip olmuşlardır. Bu zorlu süreç hiç de kolay olmamış, 19.yy’dan günümüz kadar hem sosyal hem de ekonomik zorluklarla karşı karşıya kalmışlardır. İlk dönemde ad ve soyadları bile değiştirilen ve yasaklanmasına rağmen köle gibi çalıştırılan Çinli “işçiler”, hak mücadelelinde anavatanlarının da desteğini almak istemiş ve o döneme kadar dış dünyaya kapalı olan Çin, bu sorunu çözebilmek için Peru Devletiyle diplomatik ilişkiler kurmaya razı olmuştur. Bu gelişmelerden sonra birtakım haklar elde edilse de dönem dönem Çinliler ülkede istenmeyen kişi muamelesi görmüşlerdir. Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin kurulmasıyla ülkeden göçlere izin verilmemesi nedeniyle bir yavaşlama olsa da Tayvan’dan göçler Peru’ya devam etmiştir. Zamanla ülkede sayıları artan Çinli nüfus, ülkeye uyum sağlamak ve sosyal ve ekonomik statülerini yükseltebilmek için farklı yöntemlere başvurmuşlardır. Makalede bu zorlu süreç ve bu yöntemlere değinilmektedir.
The Flight of a Man in the Work of Efim Chestnyakov as an Ethnocultural Project: Technical and Moral Foundations
Authors: Samodelova Elena Aleksandrovna
Published: October 2021

Representative of the Silver Age Efim Chestnyakov approached writing and illustrating literary works from the standpoint of an artist and a school teacher. He was also doing painting, clay modeling, hand-made puppet theatre with the participation of children and photography. The topic of creating an aircraft runs through his many-sided work. The relevance of the problem under study shows that Chestnyakov composed entire works and individual stories about the «flying man». For the first time, the question is raised about the influence of various publications of the early XXth century on the literary work of the writer. Methods of historical and philological research and «real commenting» are applied to the material of Chestnyakov’s literary works, based on a comparison of the author's plots and images with folklore works and data on technical innovations of his time. The results of the study and their discussion show that Chestnyakov deeply studied the innovative achievements of his time and reflected them in a creatively transformed form in a well-structured own system of different types and genres of art. Also he was worried about the moral aspects of aircraft construction and the issues of the influence of human flights over long distances on the established life of a traditional society for centuries. Conclusions are made that the first manned flights on the designed aircraft and the means of their detection attracted the attention of Chestnyakov and were widely reflected in his work.
On the Problem of Ethno-National Education of Artschool
Authors: Kamaeva Marina Petrovna
Published: October 2021

Summary. The article is devoted to the study of the relevant issue in today’s world – the study of theoretical premises of modern concepts of ethno-national education. It examines the problems of educating the culture of interethnic relations in the youth environment. The relevance of the study is due to the need for the formation of attitudes towards interethnic tolerance among students, which determines the goal of the educational activities of each educational institution. The purpose of the article is to consider the theoretical foundations of ethno-national education and the possibilities of their practical application in educational work with students of a higher educational institution. The work was carried out at the empirical level of the structure of sociological knowledge. Methods of observation, questioning, interviewing and generalization of pedagogical experience allowed the author to determine the direction of work in the field of ethnic education of students. Based on the research carried out, the author draws conclusions about the quality of work in the field of ethno-national education of students at the university and offers recommendations for its improvement. The study showed predominantly supra-ethnic self-awareness of young people. Another unusual result of the study is a small percentage of students who speak their native (non-Russian) language – only 20 percent of the respondents. It is proposed that the parameters set require the pursuance of bigger researches on a nationwide scale.
Effects of Rumex tianschanicus Losinsk extract on hematological indicators in experimental gastritis
Authors: Shokan A.K. , Ginayatova I.B. , Yergozova D.M. , Kudrina N.O. , Korulkin D.Y. , Terletskaya N.V. , Korbozova N.K.
Published: September 2021

Gastritis is the most common gastrointestinal disease, with peptic ulcer disease accounting for 30 % of all cases, affecting about 10 % of the global population. According to 2020 statistics, 50,8 % of the population in developing countries suffers from gastritis and this number increasing annually. This study examined the medical effects of Rumex tianschanicusroot extract on aspirin induced gastritis in rats. Forty five rats, 250±50 g were grouped into two: control group rats received placebo and experimental groups received acetylsalicylic acid 160 mg/kg, orally once daily for 5 consecutive days to induce acute experimental gastritis. Following gastritis registration, rats were grouped into three groups and treated with Rumex tianschanicus L. extract. The first group was given 100 mg/kg orally once a day for ten days. The second group received 50 mg/kg orally once a day for ten days. The third group did not receive the medication. At the end of the study, all the animals were Killed to determine cytological, histological changes and hematological indices. The result showed statistically significant differences (p ≤0,001) of total number of leukocytes, total number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin level and content of platelets but they were all within the physiological norm. As a result of the study the Rumex tianschanicus extract pharmacological properties were evaluated and its potential effect on the hematological parameters of rats during the treatment of experimental gastritis accessed. It was discovered that the Rumex tianschanicusextract has no pathological effect on peripheral blood and hemopoiesis during the period of its use. In this regard, the extract of Rumex tianschanicusis recommended for further in-depth research in experimental conditions, followed by a transition to clinical trials.
Assessment of water-holding capacity of leaves of Armeniaca vulgarisLam. in the conditions of the Zhezkazgan region (the Central Kazakstan)
Authors: Ishmuratova M. Yu. , Matveev А.N. , Tleukenova S.U. , Zhumina A.G. , Musina R.T.
Published: September 2021

The expansion of the existing range oftree crops for the greening of settlements is of practical and environmental importance. In the Zhezkazgan industrial region it is necessary to select plants that are resistant to heat, drought, low temperatures and atmospheric pollution, which limits the species composition. In present article studies are conducted to assess the water content in the leaves of Armeniaca vulgaris Lam. during the vegetation season under growing using traditional furrow watering and drip irrigation. The assessment of leaf water content showed maximum parameters in May, a decrease in June and July, and repeated increase in August of 2020–2021. Minimum indicators of water-holding capacity are noted in May, maximum — in June. Leaves of plants grown on drip irrigation had parameters of water-holding capacity 1.3–3.9 % higher than under the traditional irrigation method, which indicates a better moisture supply. In general, the water content of apricot leaves was above 50 %, which shows sufficient water supply. The results showed the resistance of Armeniaca vulgarisplants to heat and drought, so, this species is recommended for use in green construction of the Zhezkazgan industrial region.
Assessment of the effect of long-term seed storage on the viability of Matricaria chamomilla seeds after cryopreservation
Authors: Ramazanov А.K. , Babeshina L.G.
Published: September 2021

The article presents the study of influences of cryopreservation on seed germination of Matricaria chamomilla. Four varieties «Moscow Region», «Karagandinskaya», «Aibolit» and «Old Lekar» are used in the work. The seeds of the test species are cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen, followed by defrosting at room temperature and rapid defrosting in a water bath at temperature +40 Ԩ. After cryopreservation the seeds are planted in Petri dishes and placed in a climate chamber for determination laboratory germination. It is noted that the best results are obtained in the defrosting variant at the room temperature. Therefore, the maximum germination rate for variety «Karagandinskaya» was 84.0%, energy of germination — 83.0%; for «Aibolit» variety was 82.0% and 81.0%, respectively; «Moscow Region» variety had a minimum germination rate — 13.0 % and energy of germination 10.0 %. While for the «Old Lekar» variety, the optimal thawing mode was rapid thawing in a water bath at the temperature +40Ԩ; seed germination was 63.0%, energy of germination — 62.0%. Thus, it is necessary for receiving more viable seeds of varieties of Matricaria chamomilla after freezing in liquid nitrogen to apply the slow mode of thawing at the room temperature +24 Ԩ.
Pedagogical and Performing Activities of R. P. Papkova in the Axiological Aspect
Authors: Rumyantseva A.
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the paper is to determine aspects of pedagogical and performing activity of R. P. Papkova, which testify to the uniqueness and significance of her creative practice.
The methodology. The article uses fundamental, general scientific methods and principles of scientific knowledge, in particular, dialectical, culturological ones, as well as methods of objectivity, analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, methods of systemic analysis.
The results. The article continues the series of publications (within the framework of the long­term study of the pianistic culture of Kharkiv in the 40­80’s of the XX century), dedicated to the coverage of the creative activity of famous representatives of Kharkiv piano school. The source base of the article was the funds of the State Archives of Kharkiv region, memories of students and followers of R. P. Papkova, as well as personal impressions of the author from communication with the pianist. Based on the study of the creative path of R. P. Papkova the main aspects of her extraordinary pedagogical and performing talent were identified. It is documented that the performing and pedagogical abilities of R. P. Papkova were revealed during her studies at Kharkiv State Conservatory. It was determined that R. P. Papkova was an excellent performer, had an elegant musical taste and high culture of sound, that her playing was striking with special emotionality, depth of immersion in the figurative content of the work, the accuracy of displaying the stylistic features of music, graceful nuances and phrasing. The main aspects of extraordinary pedagogical talent of R. P. Papkova were determined, namely: individual approach to each student; abilities of a psychologist; talent of persuasion; demanding; meticulous attitude to the author’s text, sound quality, accuracy of strokes, pedaling; commitment to the deductive method of working on the work; the ability to have a holistic vision of the performance plan of the work, the desire to fully reveal the idea of the composer.
It is proved that the uniqueness of the pianist’s pedagogy influenced the number of her followers who represent Kharkiv Piano School around the world.
The topicality. The materials, highlighted in the article, from the funds of the State archive of the Kharkiv region allowed to reveal the unknown facts from the biography of R. P. Popkova.
The practical significance. The information contained in the article can be used in lessons of piano, as well as in courses of lectures “History of Music” and “Musical Interpretation”, “History of piano performance”.
The Development of Disaster Mitigation Curriculum to Improve Disaster Response Capabilities At The Elementary School In Indonesia
Authors: Putra Wahyu Pratama , Ahmad Sasmito Dian , Dianovitasari Divian Kass Rachima
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Disasters threaten the safety of vulnerable groups such the eldery, children and women. Based on the case of natural disasters that occurred in Indonesia, the need for a pragmatic strategy in forming the Indonesian people are aware of the dangers of natural disasters. One strategic step that taken is through the education sector. This research aims to create a disaster mitigation curriculum that has been formulated to produce disaster responsive learners. This research uses R&D (research and development method) by Borg and Gall (2003), in the stages of research and information, planning and initial product development. While for curriculum development used the Tyler model with the infusion method and block method. Data collection techniques used namely interviews, observation, and documentation. The findings of this research are based curriculum products to the stages of disaster mitigation include, 1) the concept of disaster mitigation curriculum, 2) The concept of the learning process (Intrakurikuler), 3) The concept of training process (Extracurricular, and 4) The concept of the assessment process (Evaluation). These results indicate curriculum products are made to increase disaster response capabilities of students through intracurricular and extracurricular activities as well as minimizing the impact of the disaster victims and improve disaster response capabilities for students in Indonesia.

 

Keywords: Curriculum, Disaster Mitigation, Tyler's Model.
FEATURES OF CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR CRIMES IN THE FIELD OF COMPUTER INFORMATION
Authors: Serdyukova E. , Chunikha A. , Zinovieva Е.
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the issues of illegal access to computer information, its copying and the definition of information security.
Classification of Breast cancer tumors using Feature Selection and CNN
Authors:   Vavuniya Campus of University of Jaffna, Jaffna, Sri Lanka, Anparasy S.
Published: October 2021

Breast cancer is one of the most dangerous diseases in the world and almost two million new cases are diagnosed every year. It starts from the breasts tissue and then spreads to other parts of the body. Early detection of breast cancer is important to save the life of a woman as it is related with a risen number of available treatment options. Benign and malignant are the major types of tumors and they are cancerous and non-cancerous, respectively. Benign is not dangerous since it does not destroy the nearby tissues and cannot spread or grow. Malignant tumor invades neighbouring tissues, blood vessels and spreads to other parts of the body by metastasis. Therefore, differentiating malignant from benign will help to detect breast cancer in its early stage. Nowadays, machine learning techniques are used to classify the tumor types hence the quality of lift is increased.
Developing a National Eco-System for Sustainable Vegatable Supply Chain in Sri Lanka
Authors:   University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Gunarathne Ruchira T. , Bandara Yapa Mahinda ,   University of Moratuwa,  Sri Lanka
Published: October 2021

Fruits and vegetables supply chain in Sri Lanka has always been a contemporary topic due to its significant value to the economy of the country. The existing fruits and vegetables supply chain is already suffering from dilemmas such as high price fluctuations, excess supply and wastage, involvement of large number of intermediaries and lack of infrastructure. The recent Covid-19 pandemic has put a tremendous pressure on already trembling supply chains. Sudden lock downs have led to disruption of existing distribution channels resulting farmers throwing away millions of tons of fresh fruits and vegetables while consumers in urban areas paying extremely high prices for fresh produce. The current situations clearly demonstrate the need for a more responsive and integrated vegetables supply chain for Sri Lanka. This paper attempts to create a conceptual model for the vegetable supply chain ecosystem for Sri Lanka.
Investigation on the Effect of Different Channel Geometries of Thermal Wheel for Energy Transfer Efficiency
Authors:   University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Polgolla A.M.C.K. , Herath H.M.D.P. ,   University of Moratuwa,  Sri Lanka, Wickramasinghe M.D.A. ,   University of Moratuwa,  Sri Lanka, Wijewardane M.A. ,   University of Moratuwa,  Sri Lanka, Ranasinghe R.A.C.P. ,   University of Moratuwa,  Sri Lanka
Published: October 2021

Inside buildings, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems are utilized to provide a comfortable environment. However, they account for a significant percentage of overall total energy consumption: in the United States, they account for about 50% of building final energy consumption and 20% of total energy consumption. [1]. The installation of a heat exchanger between the exhaust and fresh air streams is critical, owing to the significant energy savings. [2], [3]. Thermal wheels have recently gotten a lot of attention because of their high efficiency and low-pressure loss when compared to other energy recovery solutions [4]. The goal of this research is to give a comprehensive study and optimization of Thermal wheel design, with the goal of enhancing sensible effectiveness while reducing pressure loss based on channel shape.
Postoperative outcomes and the association with overlap before or after the critical step of lumbar fusion
Authors: Farooqi Ali S. , Borja Austin J. , Detchou Donald K. E. , Glauser Gregory , Shultz Kaitlyn , McClintock Scott D. , Malhotra Neil R.
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE

This study assesses how degree of overlap, either before or after the critical operative portion, affects lumbar fusion outcomes.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively studied 3799 consecutive patients undergoing single-level, posterior-only lumbar fusion over 6 years (2013–2019) at a university health system. Outcomes recorded within 30–90 and 0–90 postoperative days included emergency department (ED) visit, readmission, reoperation, overall morbidity, and mortality. Furthermore, morbidity and mortality were recorded for the duration of follow-up. The amount of overlap that occurred before or after the critical portion of surgery was calculated as a percentage of total beginning or end operative time. Subsequent to initial whole-population analysis, coarsened exact-matched cohorts of patients were created with the least and most amounts of either beginning or end overlap. Univariate analysis was performed on both beginning and end overlap exact-matched cohorts, with significance set at p < 0.05.

RESULTS

Equivalent outcomes were observed when comparing exact-matched patients. Among the whole population, the degree of beginning overlap was correlated with reduced ED visits within 30–90 and 0–90 days (p = 0.007, p = 0.009; respectively), and less 0–90 day morbidity (p = 0.037). Degree of end overlap was correlated with fewer 30–90 day ED visits (p = 0.015). When comparing only patients with overlap, degree of beginning overlap was correlated with fewer 0–90 day reoperations (p = 0.022), and no outcomes were correlated with degree of end overlap.

CONCLUSIONS

The degree of overlap before or after the critical step of surgery does not lead to worse outcomes after lumbar fusion.
Novel wrapping surgery for symptomatic sacral perineural cysts
Authors: Sugawara Taku , Higashiyama Naoki , Tamura Shinya , Endo Takuro , Shimizu Hiroaki
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE

Perineural cysts, also called Tarlov cysts, are dilatations of the nerve root sleeves commonly found in the sacrum. The majority of the cysts are asymptomatic and found incidentally on routine spine imaging. Symptomatic sacral perineural cysts (SPCs) that induce intractable low-back pain, radicular symptoms, and bladder/bowel dysfunction require surgery. However, the surgical strategy for symptomatic SPCs remains controversial. The authors hypothesized that the symptoms were caused by an irritation of the adjacent nerve roots caused by SPCs, and developed a wrapping surgery to treat these cysts.

METHODS

Seven patients with severe unilateral medial thigh pain and ipsilateral SPCs were included. Preoperative MRI showed that the cysts were severely compressing the adjacent nerve roots in all patients. After a partial laminectomy of the sacrum, the SPCs were punctured and CSF was aspirated to reduce their size, followed by dissection of the adjacent nerve roots from the SPCs. The SPCs were then wrapped with a Gore-Tex membrane to avoid reexpansion.

RESULTS

All 7 patients experienced substantial relief of their symptoms. The average numeric rating scale pain score was reduced from an average preoperative value of 7.9 to 0.6 postoperatively. Postoperative MRI showed that all cysts were reduced in size and the adjacent nerve roots were decompressed. Regrowth of the treated cysts or recurrence of the symptoms did not occur during the entire follow-up period, which ranged from 39 to 90 months. No complications were noted.

CONCLUSIONS

The authors’ new wrapping technique was effective in relieving radicular symptoms for patients with symptomatic SPCs. The results suggested that the symptoms stemmed from compression of the adjacent nerve roots caused by the SPCs, and not from the nerve roots in the cysts.
Failure patterns and related risk factors of sagittal reconstruction following pedicle subtraction osteotomy in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and thoracolumbar kyphosis
Authors: Zhao Shi-Zhou , Qian Bang-Ping , Huang Ji-Chen , Qiao Mu , Wang Bin , Qiu Yong
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to analyze the specific patterns and risk factors of sagittal reconstruction failure in ankylosing spondylitis (AS)–related thoracolumbar kyphosis after pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO).

METHODS

A retrospective study was performed in patients with AS and thoracolumbar kyphosis after lumbar PSO with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Patients were classified as having successful realignment (group A), inadequate correction immediately postoperatively (group B), and sagittal decompensation during follow-up (group C) according to the immediately postoperative and latest follow-up sagittal vertical axis (SVA). Radiographic parameters and clinical outcomes were collected. Pelvic tilt (PT) was used to assess the magnitude of pelvic backward rotation. Hip structural damage and ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL) at the proximal junction, PSO level, and distal junction were also evaluated on radiographs.

RESULTS

Overall, 109 patients with a mean age of 35.3 years were included. Patients in both group B (n = 16) and group C (n = 13) were older than those in group A (n = 80) (mean ages 43.6 vs 32.9 years, p < 0.011; and 39.2 vs 32.9 years, p = 0.018; respectively). Age (OR 1.102, p = 0.011), and preoperative PT (OR 1.171, p = 0.041) and SVA (OR 1.041, p = 0.016) were identified as independent risk factors of inadequate correction. Additionally, a higher distribution of patients with adequate ALL ossification at the PSO level was found in group B than in group A (37.5% vs 22.5%, p = 0.003). Age (OR 1.101, p = 0.011) and preoperative SVA (OR 1.013, p = 0.020) were identified as independent risk factors of sagittal decompensation. Furthermore, compared with group A, group C showed a higher distribution of patients with severe hip structural damage (15.4% vs 0, p = 0.018) and higher incidences of rod fracture (RF) (38.5% vs 8.8%, p = 0.011) and pseudarthrosis (15.4% vs 0, p = 0.018). Additionally, the incidence of RF (19.6% vs 6.9%, p = 0.045) and changes in the proximal junctional angle (0.5° vs 2.2°, p = 0.027) and the distal junctional angle (0.3° vs 2.2°, p = 0.019) were lower during follow-up in patients with adequate ALL ossification than in those without adequate ossification.

CONCLUSIONS

Sagittal reconstruction failure in patients with AS could be attributed to inadequate correction immediately after surgery (14.7%) and sagittal decompensation during follow-up (11.9%). Adequate ALL ossification was a risk factor of inadequate correction. However, adequate ALL ossification could decrease the development of RF and relieve the junctional kyphotic change during follow-up. Older age and greater baseline SVA were independent risk factors for both inadequate correction and sagittal decompensation.
The role of an anterior approach in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis–associated cervical fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Govindarajan Vaidya , Bryant Jean-Paul , Perez-Roman Roberto J. , Wang Michael Y.
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE

Cervical fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis can have devastating neurological consequences. Currently, several surgical approaches are commonly used to treat these fractures: anterior, posterior, and anterior-posterior. The relative rarity of these fractures has limited the ability of surgeons to objectively determine the merits of each. The authors present an updated systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the utility of anterior surgical approaches relative to posterior and anterior-posterior approaches.

METHODS

After a comprehensive literature search of the PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases, 7 clinical studies were included in the final qualitative and 6 in the final quantitative analyses. Of these studies, 6 compared anterior approaches with anterior-posterior and posterior approaches, while 1 investigated only an anterior approach. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated where appropriate.

RESULTS

A meta-analysis of postoperative neurological improvement revealed no statistically significant differences in gross rates of neurological improvement between anterior and posterior approaches (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.10–1.59; p = 0.19). However, when analyzing the mean change in neurological function, patients who underwent anterior approaches had a significantly lower mean change in postoperative neurological function relative to patients who underwent posterior approaches (mean difference [MD] −0.60, 95% CI −0.76 to −0.45; p < 0.00001). An identical trend was seen between anterior and anterior-posterior approaches; there were no statistically significant differences in gross rates of neurological improvement (OR 3.05, 95% CI 0.84–11.15; p = 0.09). However, patients who underwent anterior approaches experienced a lower mean change in neurological function relative to anterior-posterior approaches (MD −0.46, 95% CI −0.60 to −0.32; p < 0.00001). There were no significant differences in complication rates between anterior approaches, posterior approaches, or anterior-posterior approaches, although complication rates trended lower in patients who underwent anterior approaches.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this review and meta-analysis demonstrated the varying benefits of anterior approaches relative to posterior and anterior-posterior approaches in treatment of cervical fractures associated with ankylosing spondylitis. While reports demonstrated lower degrees of neurological improvement in anterior approaches, they may benefit patients with less-severe injuries if lower complication rates are desired.
Resection of a meningioma, vestibular schwannoma, and placement of auditory brainstem implant using translabyrinthine approach
Authors: Khan Nickalus R. , Brown Clifford S. , Angeli Simon , Morcos Jacques J.
Published: October 2021

The authors present the case of a 34-year-old patient with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF-2) who underwent a left translabyrinthine approach for resection a meningioma, vestibular schwannoma, and placement of an auditory brainstem implant (ABI). They review the preoperative workup, technical nuances of the surgery, and cadaveric dissections with anatomical diagrams, and provide a review on ABIs. The patient remained neurologically intact and had improvement in lip reading when using the ABI device in the postoperative period.

The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.7.FOCVID2163
Endoscopic-assisted microsurgical resection of giant vestibular schwannoma in semi-sitting position
Authors: Song Gang , Sun Liyong , Bao Yuhai , Liang Jiantao
Published: October 2021

The main objectives of microsurgery for vestibular schwannoma are total tumor removal and preservation of facial and cochlear nerve function. For giant tumors, total tumor removal and facial nerve function preservation are challenging. The semisitting position has some advantages. In this video the authors show the removal of a giant vestibular schwannoma with the patient in a semisitting position. They demonstrate the advantages of the semisitting technique, such as the two-handed microsurgical dissection technique and a clear operative field. Finally, a small residual tumor in the internal auditory canal was removed by endoscopy. The patient’s facial function was House-Brackmann grade I at discharge.

The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.7.FOCVID2176
Microsurgical resection of an intravestibular schwannoma: a review of surgical technique and management considerations
Authors: Morshed Ramin A. , Haddad Alexander F. , Raygor Kunal P. , Xu Mary Jue , Limb Charles J. , Theodosopoulos Philip V.
Published: October 2021

Intravestibular schwannomas are rare tumors within the intralabyrinthine region and involve different management considerations compared to more common vestibular schwannomas. In this report, the authors review a case of a 52-year-old woman who presented with hearing loss and vestibular symptoms and was found to have a left intravestibular schwannoma. Given her debilitating vestibular symptoms, she underwent microsurgical resection. In this video, the authors review the relevant anatomy, surgical technique, and management considerations in these patients.

The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.7.FOCVID2187
Mandat imperatywny: panaceum na kryzys demokracji przedstawicielskiej?
Authors: Zieliński Michał
Published: October 2021

Spotyka się pogląd, że demokracja parlamentarna jest w kryzysie. Za jeden z tego kryzysu przejawów można uznać problem z odpowiedzialnością parlamentarzystów przed ich wyborcami. Odpowiedzią na to może być koncepcja mandatu imperatywnego. Autor rozważa w artykule zalety i wady takiego rozwiązania, spekulując również na temat tego, jak regulacja tegoż mandatu mogłaby wyglądać, a także podsumowując odpowiada z uzasadnieniem na pytanie, czy we współczesnych realiach jest to lepsza alternatywa wobec dominującej koncepcji mandatu wolnego.
Problem stosowania przepisów o pomocy publicznej do działalności kulturalnej
Authors: Cilak Małgorzata
Published: October 2021

Przedmiotem artykułu jest zbadanie, czy przepisy o pomocy publicznej znajdują zastosowanie do niektórych działań mieszczących się w pojęciu „wspierania kultury i zachowania dziedzictwa kulturowego” w rozumieniu art. 107 ust. 3 lit. d Traktatu o funkcjonowaniu Unii Europejskiej. W pracy ustalono, że do działań w sferze kultury i dziedzictwa kulturowego stosuje się przepisy dotyczące pomocy publicznej, jeżeli działania dotyczą finansowania ze środków publicznych przedsiębiorstwa. Problematyczna jest jednak w niektórych przypadkach ocena, kiedy taka sytuacja ma miejsce. W artykule poddano badaniu niektóre decyzje Komisji Europejskiej, a także jej późniejsze stanowisko wyrażone w dokumencie Zawiadomienie Komisji w sprawie pojęcia pomocy państwa w rozumieniu art. 107 ust. 1 Traktatu o funkcjonowaniu Unii Europejskiej