bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heat transfer enhancement in a helically coiled convergent and divergent tube heat exchanger with Al2O3 nanofluid
Authors: Shankar Nandhakumar , Parambakkattur Perumalsamy Sethusundaram , Chandran Mohanraj
Published: July 2023

In this investigation, the analysis of the heat transfer coefficient of a shell, helically coiled convergent-divergent tube heat exchanger has been carried out by utilizing Al2O3-water nanofluid. The nanofluid was prepared using a two-stage technique with proportions of 0.1 vol.%, 0.3 vol.%, and 0.5 vol.%. The inner heat transfer coefficient, overall heat transfer coefficient, and Nusselt number were analyzed and it found that the heat transfer coefficient is increased, with increase of inner dean number and particle volume concentration. The experimental tests were carried out in the range of Dean number, 1100 < De < 4200. When compared to base fluid, the overall heat transfer coefficient improved by 27%, 55%, and 78% at 0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5% with Al2O3-water nanofluid, respectively. When compared to base fluid at a fixed dean number, the increase in Nusselt number was viewed as 27%, 51%, and 72% at 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5% of Al2O3- water nanofluid, respectively. The investigations of enhancement were increased due to increased nanofluid thermal conductivity while increasing the vol.% concentration and Brownian movement of the nanoparticles. The viscosity of nanofluid is increased with increase of particle volume which increase the pressure drop. It is concluded the convergent-divergent helically coiled tube heat exchangers along with nanofluid is able to enhance the heat transfer with considerable pressure drop. There is no adverse effect on the development of optional streams or the blending of liquids.
Numerical investigation on the effects of slotted height on performance of louver and slit fins at different fin pitches
Authors: Zhi Changshuang , Wang Xusheng , Liu Yingwen
Published: July 2023

In this paper, the effects of slotted height at different fin pitches are analyzed in detail, aiming to investigate the function and optimal ratio of slotted height to fin pitch. In the cases of high Reynolds number for louver fin, the ?bimodal phenomenon? of heat transfer coefficient begins to appear with the increasing slotted height. As the slotted height is about half of the fin pitch, the heat transfer coefficient has a local minimum value, of which there are two peaks on both sides. How-ever, the pressure drop has been increasing with the increasing slotted height. The optimal slotted height under different fin pitches is more instructive than the optimal louver angle. For slit fin, the heat transfer coefficient increases first and then decreases with the increasing slotted height, so does the pressure drop. Meanwhile, as the slotted height is about 0.3~0.45 times and 0.5~0.65 times of fin pitch for louver fin and slit fin, respectively, the comprehensive performance can reach a maximum. The optimal comprehensive performance under 1.2 mm fin pitch is greater than the optimal comprehensive performance under 1.8 mm fin pitch. For lower Reynolds numbers, the optimal comprehensive performance of louver fin is roughly similar to the slit fin. For higher Reynolds numbers, the optimal comprehensive performance of louver fin is greater than that of slit fin.
Experimental study on flame geometric of horizontal jet fire inpinging a facing wall and side wall
Authors: Huang Youbo , Wang Bin , Dong Bingyan , Tang Ying , Wang Wenhe
Published: July 2023

This work focuses on investigating the characteristics of restricted horizontal jet fire caused by fuel leakage as a pipeline or tank fracture. The study aims to quantify the effect of the exit velocity and nozzle-facing wall distance on the flame height and width, as well as developing a new non-dimensional heat release rate, Q*n , to better characterize the flame geometry. The study conducted three nozzle-facing wall distances (0.05 m, 0.10 m, and 0.15 m) with varying fuel ejection speeds from 1.04 m/s to 6.25 m/s. Results show that the flame height and width increase with both the nozzle-facing wall distance and fuel ejection speed. The sidewall constrains the air entering into the fire plume, which pushes the flame closer to the sidewall. A new non-dimensional heat release rate, Q*n , was proposed on the basis of plate-nozzle distance, that the flame height and width fit well with the 1/4 and 2/5 power of Q*n , respectively. The global model was developed for flame size under multiple restrictions. The findings of this study are crucial in improving our understanding of the restricted horizontal jet fire accidents caused by fuel leakage and can aid in developing measures to minimize potential casualties and economic losses.
Study on heat transfer of waxy crude oil melting phase change based on a novel model
Authors: Xu Ying , Zhang Kaijing , Liu Lijun , Ge Pengli , Liu Xiaoyan , Wang Zhiguo , Zhao Haiqian
Published: July 2023

The study of phase change heat transfer of crude oil melting is important for pre-heating and restarting of pipelines. Combining the characteristics of waxy crude oil characteristics of waxy crude oil melting, a novel mathematical model was established, which can accurately describe the non-linear release of latent heat, liquid-solid interface changes, natural convection, and other key heat transfer problems. In the process of heating and melting, the variation law of the solid-phase interface position in the pipe at different initial solidification states was analyzed. The results showed that in the partially solidified pipeline, the liquid crude oil in the pipeline has a higher temperature at the initial heating stage, and continuously loses heat to the low temperature crude oil, resulting in a decline in the liquid-phase ratio at the initial stage. Because crude oil was affected by different degrees of radial thermal resistance, latent heat release and porous medium characteristics at different positions of the pipeline, the temperature drop curves of the crude oil varies greatly.
Experimental and numerical research of the flow inside the control valves trim
Authors: Ilic Dejan , Jankovic Novica , Cantrak Djordje , Savic Ljubomir
Published: July 2023

In this paper are presented desing, testing and numerical analysis for two manufactured control valve trims. Valve trim is consisted of cage or dick stack, plug, stem and seat. Size from app. 15.88 mm (0.625 in) up to 101.6 mm (4 in) is suitable for 3-D metal and plastic print, what is presented in this paper. Selective laser melting 3-D metal printing is applied on the disc presented in this paper. Even better material properties from rest of the valve parts could be obtained. This is of great importance for valve retrofitting. In this paper is presented, also, new developed channel geometry, what is followed by various fluid-flow phenomena. Measurement results for second prototype manufactured by 3-D printing using plastics are presented in details. Here is shown, in short, procedure for determination of KV values of the test valves according to the EN 60534-2-3, Industrial-process control valves ? Part 2-3: Flow capacity ? Test procedures. In addition, some aspects of CFD calculations are presented.
Operational characteristics of the combined heat and power plant in the district heating system of Belgrade
Authors: Tanasic Vladimir , Tanasic Nikola , Stamenic Mirjana
Published: July 2023

The combined production of electricity and thermal energy (combined heat and power or co-generation) is the most efficient and convenient approach to reduce costs for energy at industrial power plants and district heating plants that use natural gas as fuel to produce thermal energy for various needs. This paper analyses the operational characteristics of the combined heat and power plant, which has been operating since January 1, 2021, at the Vozdovac Heating Plant as part of the Belgrade district heating system. The combined heat and power plant consists of three gas engine units with a total nominal electric power of 10 MW and thermal power of 10.1 MW, which use natural gas as fuel. The combined heat and power plant is used for district heating and preparing domestic hot water while electricity is sold to the local electric grid. The analysis in this paper focuses on the plant?s operational characteristics: the number of working hours, the total energy consumption and energy production, the efficiency as well as the operational and maintenance costs. Also, the impact of the drastic changes in the prices of natural gas, electricity, and maintenance costs in the last year on the financial profitability of the combined heat and power plant was analysed in particular.
Final method for selection of the optimal solution for deep energy renovation of a building
Authors: Jurjevic Ruzica , Dergestin Denis , Knezovic Frano , Bacan Ivan
Published: July 2023

The great potential for reduction of CO2 emissions lies in the deep energy renovation of buildings that exploits the full potential of improving energy efficiency in buildings to maximize energy savings and minimize energy costs. However, in addition to the technical parameters, it is necessary to analyze the willingness of the client to pay for deep energy renovation. This paper presents a methodology applicable to all types of buildings that in a relatively short time provides an optimal solution that meets both parameters ? technical and economic, while satisfying the legal requirements. The method was tested by simultaneous use of DESIGNBUILDER software package (which uses ENERGYPLUS as its dynamic simulation engine), PYTHON and SQL programming languages on an office building in the city of Zagreb, where a total of 720 combinations of building deep energy renovation were analyzed. In the analyzed case, it was proved that the application of this methodology results in obtaining the output values 20.51 times faster than the classical input of all combinations of deep energy renovation of the building in software tools. In addition, the probability of human error is much lower by applying this methodology given large amount of input data.
Removal pattern of particulate matter from condensing heat exchanger after wet desulfurization of coal-fired unit
Authors: Deng Shifeng , Zhao Qinxin , Qu Teng , Wang Ning , Shao Huaishuang
Published: July 2023

The flue gas after wet desulfurization of coal-fired units still contains a large amount of particulate matter. Flue gas condensing heat exchangers are often used to further remove particulate matter. However, current research focuses on the overall removal effect of the heat exchangers, but ignores the difference of pollutant removal ability of the inner tube bundle along the flue gas-flow direction. This paper studied the correlation between pollutant removal and operating parameters of condensation heat exchanger, so as to make the removed amount of pollutants as large as possible. A field experimental platform was built on a 3 ? 350 MW supercritical circulating fluidized bed coal-fired unit. The total amount of pollutants removed between the 3rd and 6th rows of tube bundles from the inlet of the heat exchanger was the largest. The removal of particulate matter near the outlet of the heat exchanger was the smallest. The highest removal rate of filterable particulate matter reached 76 %. The proportion of condensable particulate matter in the total removal of particulate matter reached around 90%. The mass ratio of both H2SO4 and SO3 to the removed condensable particulate matter were more than 9 %.
Evaluation of Insulin Pump Infusion Sites in Type 1 Diabetes: The DERMIS Study
Authors: Kalus Andrea , Shinohara Michi M. , Wang Ruikang , Baran Jesica D. , Dong Xiaofu , Khakpour Dori , Lu Jie , Hirsch Irl B.
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVE

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) for type 1 diabetes is increasing in use. Pump site failures are common, but little is known about skin changes from pump use. Using noninvasive optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography (OCTA), and skin biopsies, we evaluated skin changes from chronic insulin infusion.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In this cross-sectional study, OCT operating at a 1,310-nm central wavelength with a bandwidth of 100 nm was performed immediately before skin punch biopsies were collected at three sites: the current site, with the infusion set removed at time of OCT and biopsy; the recovery site, with the infusion set removed 3 days before biopsy; and the control site, which was never used for any insulin infusion or injection.

RESULTS

OCT and OCTA identified characteristics of increased inflammation and vessel density at pump sites compared with control sites. Histologic analysis of pump sites showed differences in skin architecture, including fibrosis, inflammation (including increased tissue eosinophils), and fat necrosis. Immunohistochemical staining showed differences between infusion and control sites regarding staining of ILGF-I and transforming growth factor-β3.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings support allergic sensitization as a potentially common reaction at CSII sites. The leading candidates causing this include insulin preservatives, plastic materials, and adhesive glue used in device manufacturing. The inflammatory response caused by these common allergic responses may result in tissue changes responsible for the infusion site failures seen frequently in clinical practice.
ISPRM Discussion papers Developing the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (ISPRM) (Complete issue)
Authors: Bickenbach Jerome E. , DeLisa Joel A. , Von Groote Per M. , Gutenbrunner Christoph , Haig Andrew J. , Imamura Marta , Li Leonard S.W. , Melvin John L. , Reinhardt Jan D. , Stucki Gerold
Published: July 2023

This special issue, with 6 chapters, analyses the role of the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation
Medicine (ISPRM) against the background of international issues in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM) and rehabilitation at large.
Since its foundation in 1999 ISPRM has established a central office, a membership structure, relations with official journals, and has held a number of successful PRM world congresses. Most importantly, ISPRM has entered into official relations with the World Health Organization (WHO) (chapter 1). ISPRM is now challenged by a number of issues restricting the future growth of the society and its evolution into a professional non-governmental organization (NGO) actively shaping international policies in rehabilitation (chapter 2).
The basis for this evolution is a clear understanding of
ISPRM,s political role in world health. This entails the re?cognition of ISPRM?s humanitarian, scientific, and professional mandate and its position in world society and health policy (chapter 3). Consequently, a structured policy process and a set of suitable policy tools for goal selection, agenda setting, resource mobilization, implementation, evaluation and innovation appear useful (chapter 4). Moreover, ISPRM may consider modifying its organizational structures and procedures in order to enhance its effectiveness, accountability and legitimacy (chapter 5).
A thorough review of these issues leads to a comprehensive policy agenda for ISPRM, as presented in the final chapter (chapter 6).
Arbeidsgiver-merkevarebygging med et mangfoldsfokus: En analyse av norske selskapers nettsider
Authors: Traavik Laura E. M. , Seierstad Cathrine
Published: July 2023

In this chapter we examine how 58 of the largest Norwegian companies across nine industries profile and communicate equality, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) on their websites. As a result of market and workforce changes, there is an increasing demand for labour and need for organizations to attract a wider range of employees. The chapter builds on ideas and methodologies from recent international desktop studies (e.g. Jonsen et al.Grieble, 2021; Point & Singh, 2003; Singh & Point 2006), which have shown that companies are increasingly profiling EDI and using it for employer branding, a strategic human resource approach to recruit talent. We find that in terms of EDI profiling, Norwegian companies seem to be lagging in comparison to other European companies, for example, those in the UK. In our sample we found that while diversity and inclusion are mentioned on company websites, most Norwegian companies fail to include a clear definition, or they provide a rather simple definition of diversity (focusing on only some dimensions, such as gender). None of the nine industries (and few companies in general) profile or communicate an integrated and complex approach to EDI. This leads us to propose that there is an opportunity for Norwegian companies to use their websites to build their employer brand around EDI. We do find variety between sectors, with finance and consulting profiling and communicating more about EDI than other sectors in our sample. Implications for HR recruitment strategies in Norwegian companies are discussed.
HRs bidrag til utvikling av organisatorisk resiliens i krisehåndtering
Authors: Thon Andreas N. , Gausdal Anne H.
Published: July 2023

Organizations are increasingly likely to face crises in our time. When crises occur, organizations are expected to be prepared. This preparedness is in addition to crisis management itself and requires continuous development of various forms of plans, training, preparation, facilitation, management, organizational structures, resources and processes. This conceptual study looks at this broader picture by analyzing how human resource (HR) management can contribute to the ongoing development in these areas. The question we ask in this chapter is: ‘What organizational resilience capabilities for crisis management can HR develop?’ To answer this, we start with a literature study within organizational resilience. We continue with a literature study within human resource management relevant for crisis management and organizational resilience. Finally, we discuss how the HR function can contribute to developing resilience capabilities.

Our answer is that HR can contribute to ‘observation and identification’, ‘preparation’, ‘developing and implementing solutions’, ‘reflection and learning’ and ‘change’ capabilities. Furthermore, we found that HR research and literature have had insufficient focus on crisis management and organizational resilience. To develop organizational resilience HR should be focused on: activities that promote resource and coordination flexibility, real option theory and HR option analyses, aligning capability, creating workforce agility, social learning arenas and communities of practice. An organization’s knowledge base, which consists of both the starting point and end results of the development of capabilities, can also be developed through HR activities.
Fit for change? En kvalitativ studie av hvordan lederes fortolkning av uforutsigbare omgivelser påvirker deres handlingsrom og evne til å bygge kapasitet for strategisk endring
Authors: Rydland Monica , Lange Birthe Kåfjord
Published: July 2023

In this chapter we explore how a leadership team in a Norwegian consultancy company interprets and handles strategic change during crises and other demanding situations. We explored how the leaders in this team make sense of uncertainty in the environment and how their interpretations influenced their managerial discretion and capacity for change in times of crisis. We followed the leadership group through three stages: T1: when the crisis hit, T2: calmer times, T3: the new normal, with new “crisis”.

We find that the leaders experienced complex environments, consisting of multiple and rapidly changing situations, perceived as demanding, and characterized as crises. We also find that leaders’ perception of their managerial discretion affects their ability to build capacity for change, that is to say, their ability to handle daily operations, strategic change, and crises or demanding situations. Our findings contribute to increased insight into how organizations can build capacity for implementing strategic change in unpredictable environments.
Ledelse som praksis
Authors: Filstad Cathrine
Published: July 2023

This chapter investigates leadership through the ‘leadership as practice’ lens. The aim is to challenge the conventional leadership literature dominated by normative models on what leaders ought to do as opposed to what leaders do and why, and hence, what constitutes leadership practices. Through empirical studies of police leadership as practice, we demonstrate that leadership, when acknowledged as context-dependent, collective, and relational, is too complex for one recipe. Our data was collected through one-day shadowing and interviews with 27 police leaders in 2016, 35 days of field studies, 90 formal and informal interviews and conversations with police leaders and employees in 2018, and four months of field studies in 2019. In our analysis, we identify important practice dynamics concerning relationships, such as: “taking care of each other”; “us against them”; making sense of “reality”, collective achievements and the police mission in relation to how it belongs/identifies with the practices; the negotiations of police leaders “fighting” for resources (silos) and creating the necessary space to manoeuvre own leadership practice. Hence, producing, relating, interpreting (sensemaking), and negotiating are recognized as important practice dynamics in police leadership as practice.
Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Instruction Berbantuan Audio Visual terhadap Keterampilan Menulis Teks Anekdot
Authors: Sari Bayu Puspita , Helda Trisna , Rahmi Afrini
Published: July 2023

Permasalahan siswa belum terampil menulis teks anekdot. Serta kurangnya model dan media pembelajaran yang menarik, sehingga membuat siswa kesulitan dalam memahami dan menulis teks anekdot. Kurangnya minat siswa dalam pembelajaran menulis teks anekdot, hal ini disebabkan karena siswa merasa bosan dengan pembelajaran menulis teks anekdot, siswa juga masih sulit mengemukakan gagasan atau ide-ide ke dalam bentuk tulisan. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas penggunaan. model problem-based instruction berbantuan audio visual terhadap keterampilan menulis teks teks anekdot siswa kelas X SMA. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran eksperimen. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X SMA yang berjumlah 26 orang. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah skor keterampilan menulis teks anekdot sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan model problem-based instruction berbantuan audio visual siswa kelas X SMA. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat efektivitas penggunaan model problem-based instruction berbantuan audio visual terhadap keterampilan menulis teks anekdot siswa kelas X SMA karena thitunglebih dari ttabel (2,71 lebih dari 1,71). Simpulan menunjukkan penggunaan model Problem Based Instruction Berbantuan Audio Visual efektif digunakan keterampilan menulis teks anekdot siswa kelas X SMA. Implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menulis siswa.
Upaya Meningkatkan Konsentrasi dan Kemampuan Motorik Halus dengan Penggunaan Permainan Edukatif Meronce Pada Anak Tunagrahita Sedang di Kelas I SLB
Authors: Suriadi Ni Made
Published: July 2023

Anak tunagrahita sedang mengalami keterbatasan dalam aspek motorik halus diantaranya kesulitan untuk melakukan kegiatan sehari-hari misalnya kesulitan dalam meraih ataupun mengambil suatu benda, memegang benda dari mulai benda yang berukuran besar sampai terkecil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis menganalisis peningkatan konsentrasi dan kemampuan motorik halus dengan penggunaan permainan edukatif meronce pada anak tunagrahita sedang siswa kelas 1 Di SLB. Jenis penelitian merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 7 orang siswa yang terdiri atas 3 orang laki-laki dan 4 orang perempuan kelas I SLB. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi dan tes unjuk kerja. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat konsentrasi pada siklus 1 terdapat 4 orang siswa berada pada kategori sedang dan 3 orag pada kategori rendah. Pada siklus 2 terdapat 7 orang siswa pada kategori sedang. Hasil kemampuan motori terdapat 1 orang siswa berada pada kategori tinggi, 4 orang pada kategori sedang dan 2 orag pada kategori rendah. Pada siklus 2 terdaat 1 orang siswa pada kategori stinggi dan 6 orang pada kategori sedang. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan  penggunaan permainan edukatif meronce mampu meningkatkan konsentrasi dan motori halus pada siswa kelas 1 di SLB.
Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Make a Match Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Tematik Melalui Google Meet Pada Siswa Kelas II SD
Authors: Karmada Gede
Published: July 2023

Saat proses pembelajaran guru masih dengan pola lama yaitu memberikan ceramah, tanya jawab dan pemberian tugas. Sehingga hasil belajar siswa menjadi rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe make a match untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar tematik melalui G-Meet pada siswa kelas II SD. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas II SD yang berjumlah 6 orang, terdiri dari 3 orang laki-laki dan 3 orang perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode tes.  Data hasil belajar siswa dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Make A Match dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar tematik  pada siswa kelas II SD. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan peningkatkan rata-rata hasil belajar 61,66 pada hasil belajar prasiklus menjadi 67,5 pada siklus I, kemudian meningkat menjadi 75 pada siklus II. Sedangkan nilai daya serap siswa juga mengalami peningkatan dari 62% pada prasiklus meningkat menjadi 67% pada siklus I, kemudian meningkat menjadi 75% pada siklus II. Ketuntasan belajar juga mengalami peningkatan dari 33% pada hasil belajar prasiklus, naik menjadi 50% pada siklus I, kemudian meningkat menjadi 83% pada siklus II.
Implementasi Supervisi Klinis untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Guru Menyusun RPP
Authors: Suardani Ni Luh
Published: July 2023

Kendala yang dihadapi guru dalam merencanakan proses pembelajaran atau membuat RPP adalah guru belum mengerti membuat indikator menggunakan kata operasional, guru belum mengerti memilih metode yang sesuai dengan materi yang akan disampaikannya, guru belum mengerti dalam menyusun kegiatan pada tahapan proses pembelajaran, guru belum mengerti dalam membuat penilaian pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan guru SD dalam menyusun RPP setelah mengikuti supervisi klinis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan sebanyak 2 siklus. Rancangan masing-masing siklus terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi/evaluasi dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian yang digunakan adalah guru-guru SD yang jumlahnya 6 orang. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi dan kuesioner. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh peningkatan kemampuan guru menyusun RPP dari prasiklus sebesar 65,22 yang tergolong cukup, meningkat pada siklus I menjadi 69,13 yang tergolong cukup, dan siklus II meningkat menjadi 76,52 yang tergolong baik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi supervisi klinis dapat meningkatkan kemampuan guru SD dalam menyusun RPP. Implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan guru-guru termotivasi untuk melakukan perbaikan dan inovasi pembelajaran di kelasnya.
The Implementation of School Literacy Movement in SMP Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja
Authors: Widiasih Putu Sri , Tantra Dewa Komang , Pratiwi Ni Putu Astiti
Published: July 2023

This research aimed at how was the school literacy program implemented in SMP Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja. Mixed-method was used because the data of this research were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. There were six findings showed that the financial resources were getting from BOS fund and book donation. The time resources that students read books around 15 minutes before whilst-activity in the classroom while this school has special schedule in outside classroom that was called happy Friday. The facility resources were library, laboratory rooms, reading corner, and multimedia area in good condition. The processes of implementation were conducted in three stages; introduction stage, implementation stage, and establishment stage. The output measurements were through teachers’ evaluation, checking students’ project, checking students’ performance, students and teachers achievement, checking library visit, and students’ achievement in national exam. Furthermore, the sixth finding showed the impacts of reading motivation and reading habit were in moderate category.
The Strengths and Weaknesses of Online Learning from The Perspectives of Teachers and Students in Sma/Smk Negeri Buleleng Sub-District During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Pradana Radita Yuda
Published: July 2023

This research aimed to analyse the strengths and weaknesses of online learning from the perspectives of teachers and students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The subjects of this research were English teachers and students in SMA/SMK Negeri in Buleleng sub-district. In this case, the subjects of the study consist of 21 English teachers including 11 male and 10 female teachers, and 42 students covering 20 male and 22 female students. The data of this research were obtained by using questionnaires. This research is descriptive qualitative research design. The result of this research found that the online learning has strengths and weaknesses according to the perceptions of the teachers and the students.
Sequencing the SARS-CoV-2 Genome from Stool Samples of Post-acute Cases Implicates a Novel Mutation Associated with Reduced Antibody Neutralization
Authors: Natalya Panova  , Nina P. Allan  , Noelle C. Rubas  , Rosa H. Lee  , Braden P. Kunihiro  , Lesley Umeda  , Rafael Peres  , Ruben Juarez  , Maunakea Alika K.
Published: July 2023

Whole-genome SARS-CoV-2 sequencing tools are crucial for tracking the COVID-19 pandemic. However, current techniques require sampling of actively infectious patients following COVID-19 testing to recover enough SARS-CoV-2 RNA from the nasopharyngeal passage, which rapidly clears during the first few weeks of infection. A prospective assessment of the viral genome sourced from recovered non-infectious patients would greatly facilitate epidemiological tracking. Thus, we developed a protocol to isolate and sequence the genome of SARS-CoV-2 from stool samples of post-acute SARS-CoV-2 patients, at timepoints ranging from 10-120 days after onset of symptoms. Stool samples were collected from patients at varying timepoints post-convalescence, and viral DNA was isolated and sequenced using the QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit (Qiagen Inc.) and Ion Ampliseq™ Library Kit Plus (Life Technologies Corporation). Capacity of neutralizing antibodies in patient plasma was tested using a Luminex panel (Coronavirus Ig Total Human 11-Plex ProcartaPlex™ Panel, ThermoFisher). Of 64 samples obtained from post-acute patients, 21 (32.8%) yielded sufficient material for whole-genome sequencing. This allowed us to identify widely divergent phylogenetic relativity of the SARS-CoV-2 genome from post-acute patients living in the same households and infected around the same time. Additionally, we observed that individuals who recovered from infection expressed varying degrees of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins that corresponded to distinct variants. Interestingly, we identified a novel point mutation in the viral genome where infected patients expressed antibodies with a significantly reduced capacity to neutralize the virus in vitro relative to that of those infected with the wild-type strain. Altogether, we demonstrate a protocol to successfully sequence the SARS-CoV-2 genome from stool samples from patients up to 4 months post-infection, which can be applied to studies that assess the relationship between variants and immune response post-hoc and safe monitoring of the SARS-CoV-2 genome during the pandemic.
Response of Broiler Chickens Fed Different Forms of Tanzania-type Diets with Microbial Enzymes
Authors: Chang'a Edwin Peter , Medani Eldow Abdallh  , Emmanuel Uchenna Ahiwe  , Al-Qahtani Mohammed , Said Mbaga  , Paul Ade Iji
Published: July 2023

A study was conducted to assess the effect of feed form and microbial enzyme supplementation on performance, endogenous enzyme activities and nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens fed Tanzania-type diets. A total of 480 day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were allocated to a 2 (mash or pellet) × 4 (no enzyme, Axtra XB, Quantum Blue or Axtra XB + Quantum Blue) factorial arrangement, in a completely randomized design with 10 birds per replicate. Feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were determined at 10, 24 and 35 days of age. Visceral organ weight was measured at 10 d and 24 d, and meat parts yield was assessed at 35 d. Feed intake (FI) was highest in birds fed the pelleted diets at 24 d and 35 d, and it was increased further when enzymes were supplemented individually and in combination. Body weight gain was comparatively higher in the birds fed pelleted diets. Enzyme supplementation was found to increase BWG at 24 d and 35 d. The FCR was reduced in birds fed the pelleted diets compared to the mash-fed birds. Birds provided with a combination of Axtra XB and QB responded with lower FCR. The relative weight of gizzard plus proventriculus, pancreas and small intestine were higher in birds fed on mash; however, the effect of enzymes was only observed on the pancreas at 10 d. The relative weights of most body parts (breast, thighs and drumsticks) were significantly higher in birds fed pelleted diets with inclusion of microbial enzymes. The dry matter (DM) digestibility was neither affected by feed form nor by enzyme supplementation while the digestibility of gross energy (GE), starch, protein, and fat were higher in birds fed pelleted diets than those on mash. Addition of microbial enzymes positively influenced the digestibility of all nutrients that were assessed. Endogenous enzyme activities at 10 d were higher in birds supplied with pelleted diets, except for sucrase, which was not affected by feed form. Exogenous enzyme inclusion in diets only affected the activities of sucrase and aminopeptidase at 24 d. The results indicated that both pelleting of diets and microbial enzyme supplementation increased FI and BWG and improved FCR in broiler chickens. The activities of pancreatic and most of the jejunal enzymes were increased by feeding of pelleted feeds, resulting in better nutrient digestibility.
Estrategia lúdica de aprendizaje para el control de sistemas de producción desde un enfoque Lean: El uso del sistema de tarjetas Kanban
Authors: Domínguez Ortiz Jenny Carolina , Montoya Arango Juan Manuel , Bravo Ortiz María José , Rodriguez Andres Mauricio Paredes
Published: July 2023

En la actualidad, las organizaciones buscan constantemente una mayor productividad en sus procesos con el fin de garantizar su sostenibilidad en el mercado. La filosofía Lean Manufacturing busca erradicar las actividades que no agregan valor en los procesos y que generan pérdidas financieras para las compañías. En el presente documento se plantea una estrategia lúdica de aprendizaje la cual tienen como finalidad explicar un sistema de control de la producción desde un enfoque de manufactura esbelta conocido como sistema de tarjetas Kanban. La lúdica fue ejecutada en diferentes escenarios como lo fue el Noveno Encuentro Nacional de la Red Iddeal y Tercer encuentro de lúdicas en ingeniería, realizado en la Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios centro Regional Buga. En dichos espacios se evidenció la participación de profesionales y estudiantes en ciclo formativo del programa de ingeniería industrial. La lúdica fue dirigida por los integrantes del semillero de investigación GLIOSP del mismo programa. Dentro de los resultados más relevantes se encuentra el hecho del fortalecimiento del concepto de la filosofía justo a tiempo en los participantes de la lúdica, al mismo tiempo que se genera una ruta clara de implementación del sistema de tarjetas Kanban en sistemas de producción.
The Impact of Economic Spending on Investment in Iraq for the Period 2005-2020
Authors:   Department of Accounting, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Alobaidy Ali
Published: July 2023

The Iraqi agricultural sector suffers from a package of challenges that require the state to intervene, direct and indirect, financial, informational and technological support, and direct more investments for the purpose of its development and facing those challenges. Public and private direct investments witnessed a significant decline due to a number of economic, social and political factors, which led to a deterioration in production and a decrease in its contribution to the gross domestic product. Iraq became dependent on global markets to provide its food security at very high rates, which constitutes a threat to national security. The problem of research is summarized by the fact that government and private agricultural investments are weak in Iraq, which negatively affected the overall agricultural development process, given that investment is the driving dynamic of economic and social activity. However, the volume of governmental and private investments is still very low, due to the fact that the agricultural environment repels investment due to a group of factors, including the destroyed infrastructure, administrative and financial corruption, the legal environment, agricultural land problems, environmental problems, desertification, water, poor performance of financial, monetary and commercial policies, stalled development, and so on. As a result, the deterioration of agricultural production, which led to Iraq losing billions of dollars annually to import food, and the accompanying import of damaged, adulterated or expired food. This research studies the impact of two important factors affecting the subject of investment in the agricultural sector, namely the volume of government investment spending and the amount of loans granted to farmers during the period 2005-2022.
Minimizing Weighted Penta-Objective Function using Local Search Methods and Branch and Bound Algorithm
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, Ibrahim Manal , Ali Faez ,   Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, Chachan Hanan ,   Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: July 2023

In this work, we will discuss a Multi (Penta) Objective Function (POF) for Single Machine Scheduling Problems (SMSPs) to minimize the total cost of sum weighted of the following objectives: earliness, tardiness, completion time, late jobs and late work (∑_(j=1)^n▒〖(α_j E_j+β_j T_j+θ_j C_j+γ_j U_j+ω_j V_j 〗), where α_j,β_j,θ_j,γ_j and ω_j, are positive penalties of job j for each objective respectively. For this problem we will study the mathematical formulation of this problem, using Complete Enumeration and Branch and Bound (BAB) methods to find the optimal solution and Local Search Methods (LSM's) to find approximation solutions. Lastly, the practical results proved the efficiency of BAB and LSM's methods.
The mechanism for ensuring human rights and freedoms during police custody
Authors: Kaliman M.
Published: July 2023

The scientific article was written with the aim of determining the mechanism of ensuring human rights and freedoms during police custody and the problem of its implementation in practice.

Under the mechanism of ensuring human rights and freedoms during police custody, it is proposed to understand the system of guarantees for ensuring human rights and freedoms, defined by international and domestic normative legal acts. Attention is focused on the constituent elements of the mechanism for ensuring human rights and freedoms during police custody.

The work defines ways of ensuring human rights by the police during police custody. The author singles out some problems of the implementation of police care in practice and offers ways to solve them.

The question of the use of force and special means by policemen during police custody is defined as debatable. Police custody is proposed to be understood as a measure that has a transitional nature from preventive to coercive. The question of whether police custody belongs to the types of police measures is considered open.

As a problematic point, the lack of numbering of police custody protocols is highlighted. It is proposed to supplement section II of the Instructions for the preparation of materials on the application of police custody with paragraph 1-1, which would provide for the presence of a protocol series and number.

Emphasis is placed on the lack of a clear definition of the appeal stage during the implementation of police custody. It is proposed to supplement the Instructions for the preparation of materials on the use of police custody with section IV "Appeals of Protocols".

The author emphasizes that the technical recording of a policeman's actions should become a mandatory element of his activity. It is proposed to delete the words "if technically possible" in Clause 6 of Chapter II of the Instructions for the preparation of materials on the use of police custody.

Outlined in the scientific article, the problems of the registration of police care are only the basis for further scientific research, which should clearly define the type of police measure of police care, the problems of its implementation taking into account the people-centered approach in the activities of the National Police, as well as ways to solve the identified problems by making changes to normative legal acts.
Concepts and types of administrative and legal forms of activity of the State Bureau Of Investigations of Ukraine
Authors: Lisoivan Ya.
Published: July 2023

Based on the analysis of scientific concepts, various interpretations of the concept of "form", "administrative-legal form", "form of managerial activity" are considered from the point of view of the science of administrative law and the theory of management of law enforcement agencies. It is indicated that the definition of the concept and content of the administrative-legal form contributes to a full-fledged study of the specifics of the competence of the State Bureau of Investigation of Ukraine, their place in the system of law enforcement agencies. The proper definition of the administrative and legal form of activity of the SBI of Ukraine as a law enforcement body is provided, which should be understood as the external expression of administrative actions (procedures) of the bodies of the SBI of Ukraine (their officials), which are defined by administrative and legal norms, are carried out within the limits of the competences and powers granted by law, aimed at the achievement of certain goals and the fulfillment of the tasks assigned to the SBI of Ukraine by the state, and which, in the process of implementing executive and administrative activities, may or may not cause legal consequences.

It is emphasized that the administrative and legal forms of activity of the SBI of Ukraine are characterized by the following features: 1) they are external ways of expressing the activities of the SBI bodies of Ukraine; 2) regulated by normative legal acts; 3) are used for the purpose of performing tasks and implementing functions assigned to the SBI of Ukraine in the law enforcement sphere; 4) are defined and applied within the competence of the SBI of Ukraine and depend on the scope of powers of the employees of the SBI of Ukraine; 5) are chosen depending on the ultimate goal, the achievement of which the activity of this law enforcement body is aimed at; 6) mostly cause certain legal consequences.

It was concluded that according to the current legislation of Ukraine, the administrative forms of activity of the SBI of Ukraine should be divided into two types: legal and organizational forms, based on the significance of the consequences that arise as a result of the implementation of the powers granted to it by law. Legal administrative forms include those that cause the appearance of a specific legal result. Legal forms in the activity of the SBI of Ukraine include: 1) issuance of departmental normative acts; 2) conclusion of agreements; 3) committing legally significant actions. It is indicated that those forms that do not directly have legal significance are illegal. These include: holding meetings, developing plans, projects and programs, forecasting actions, providing methodical recommendations to structural units, taking appropriate measures aimed at improving the quality of practical activities of units.
The right of health protection and medical assistance for servicemen and war veterans under the conditions of the state of martial
Authors: Mashika P.
Published: July 2023

The article examines the impact of the humanization trend on the development the constitutional law, in terms of expanding the range of rights and freedoms servicemen and war veterans, the guarantee of state protection, directly from illegal acts and the bureaucratized institutional mechanism of the rights protection. It has been analyzed the legal acts defining the main principles of state policy in the field of social protection the servicemen and legal acts of regulating the military service. It has been illuminated the model of relations between the state and servicemen in terms of guaranteeing their rights of social protection.

The urgency of improving the legal mechanism by supplementing it with procedural norms is emphasized in connection with the need to record the behavior of subjects who issue a medical opinion on the state of servicemen’s health. It has been substantiated the inextricable connection between the social security of servicemen and the level of their moral and psychological state, which directly affects the combat readiness of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

We proposed the creation of a special protocol of behavior that would ensure fair military service. Taking into account the unique experience caused by the war, the legislator has a real opportunity to settle this issue and improve the legal framework by introducing effective mechanisms for ensuring the social rights of real servicemen who take a direct part in the defense of Ukraine, without abusing their official position or the status of a serviceman, while not taking participation in hostilities and defense of the state