bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Between Colonizers: Hong Kong’s Postcolonial Self-Writing in the 1990s
Authors: Chow Rey
Published: March 2021

Most debates on postcolonial politics center on issues that are by now familiar to those working in cultural studies. There are, first, the disputes and conflicts concerning the ownership of particular geographical areas, an ownership whose ramifications go beyond geography to include political representation as well as sovereignty over ethnic and cultural history. Though these “postcolonial” disputes and conflicts date back to the days of territorial colonialism, they remain the reality of daily life in places like South Africa, Israel, Lebanon, and Jordan. Second, there are the debates around reclaiming native cultural traditions that were systematically distorted by the colonial powers in the process of exploitation. In the case of India, for instance, historians argue for the need to wrest India’s past from colonialist historiography—that is, from the ways in which India was ideologically as well as economically and territorially dominated by the British. In other words, even though India has been territorially independent since 1947, the Indian people’s “postcolonial” struggle against British colonialism remains an urgent cultural task. Third, there is the question of neocolonialism in countries that were once European colonies and that, after national independence, have been targeted for aggression and exploitation by the United States during its period of global power. We think here especially of its “client states” in Central and Latin America, and the Middle East.
“We Are Now an Actual Nation”: The Impact of National Independence on the Croatian Diaspora in Canada
Authors: Winland Daphne N.
Published: March 2021

The political scientist Walker Connor identifies two factors that help him distinguish between “immigrant communities” and “diasporas”: 1) the degree of loyalty felt toward the adopted host nation as opposed to the ancestral homeland and 2) the extent of assimilation (“Ethnonationalism” 80). The comparative framework Connor developed to clarify the terminological confusion resulting from scholarly attempts to theorize the relationship between ethnicity, nation, and state has had only limited success, because the assumptions that inform his definitions of immigrant communities and diasporas reproduce a functionalist teleology of “movement from one form of integrity to another” (Rouse 10), mediated by notions of adaptation and accommodation. Although his seminal earlier work challenged the “tendency to equate nationalism with a feeling of loyalty to the state rather than with loyalty to the nation” (“A Nation” 378) and drew our attention to the centrality of (ethnic) self consciousness in nationalism, Connor has not fully investigated the important question of how self-consciousness is obtained and transformed and how it manifests itself in situations of change. The integral relationship between self-consciousness and loyalty necessitates an investigation of those societal contexts and processes that influence group loyalties. These considerations are particularly significant for the analysis of diasporan identities for which issues of self-representation, the practices and processes associated with transnationalism, and, in the case of Croatians in Canada presented here, the impact of national independence on identity claims, are central. Rather than instilling a sense of unity, Croatian independence has either created or reinforced the contestations over notions of Croatian peoplehood.
“Bombay, U.K., Yuba City”: Bhangra Music and the Engendering of Diaspora
Authors: Gopinath Gayatri
Published: March 2021

In his 1992 song, “Mera Laung Gawacha,” British Indian deejay and record producer Bally Sagoo mixes the voice of Rama, a female, British-based Indian folksinger, with that of Cheshire Cat, a male dance-hall rapper who (judging by his appearance on the compactdisc jacket) reads visually as white. Rama sings a traditional folk song from the North Western Indian state of Punjab, while Cheshire Cat provides the song with its raggamuffin beat, making it eminently danceable. The voices—one in Punjabi, the other in Jamaican patois—together narrate a multilingual, interracial tale of heterosexual desire. Yet the song eludes an easy reading as a utopian narrative of cultural, racial, and sexual harmony: it remains unclear whether the male and female voices are actually singing to each other, an ambiguity underscored by the song’s video, in which Rama and the rapper never share the same frame. Indeed, the video depicts Cheshire Cat as a black man with dreadlocks, which suggests that it is not entirely acceptable for a (presumably) white man to do raggamuffin, particularly when it is a South Asian (Sagoo) who is employing him. The separate framing of the two singers also implies that it is not entirely acceptable to have the black man explicitly address sexually suggestive lyrics to an older South Asian woman. In addition, Rama appears sedately dressed in traditional Punjabi attire, while the Cheshire Cat stand-in provides all the movement in the video and acts as its visual focus.
Looking to the Diaspora: The Overseas Chinese and China’s Economic Development, 1978–1994
Authors: Bolt Paul J.
Published: March 2021

Throughout the second half of this century, many forces have come to erode the autonomy and sovereignty of states, both at the supranational and the subnational levels. At the supranational level, transnational organizations, both official and non-governmental, exert pressure on states to conform to their collective policies and standards. Multinational growth triangles also reject the nation-state as a fundamental economic unit. At the subnational level, the state faces the challenge of managing various regions in a manner that allows regional governments the flexibility to form policies corresponding to local conditions while the center continues to maintain sufficient power to deal with national problems.
Yerli ve Yabancı Turistlerin Her Şey Dahil Sistemini Tercih Nedenleri ve Memnuniyet Düzeyleri: Antalya Örneği
Authors: BOZ Mustafa , BULUK EŞİTTİ Buket
Published: March 2021

Özellikle Antalya ilinde yer alan konaklama işletmelerinde yaygın olarak kullanılan her şey dahil sistemi, yerli ve yabancı turistlerin bu bölgeyi tercih etmelerinde önemli bir etkiye sahiptir. Bu anlamda bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Antalya’yı ziyaret eden ve her şey dahil sistemi ile konaklayan yerli ve yabancı turistlerin her şey dahil sistemini tercih nedenlerini, her şey dahil sistemini tercih ederken önem verdikleri konuları ve bu sistemden memnuniyet düzeylerini tespit edebilmektir. Bu amaçla çalışmanın saha araştırması, tatillerini her şey dahil paket tur satın alarak Antalya’da geçiren yerli ve yabancı turistler ile 1 Nisan-30 Mayıs 2018 tarihleri arasında kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile yüz yüze anket uygulanarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, her şey dahil paket tur alırken turistler için en önem verdikleri konulardan “otelin sosyal medyadaki genel değerlendirmesi”, “aile ve arkadaş tavsiyeleri” ve “tatilin güvenli olması” unsurlarının ilk üç sırada yer aldığı görülmüştür. Turistlerin memnun kaldıkları konular arasında ise ilk üç sırada “fiyat”, “yiyecek ve içeceklerin çeşitliliği” ve “yiyecek ve içeceklerin kalitesi” unsurlarının yer aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, her şey dahil sistemde yer alan konaklama işletmeleri yöneticilerine stratejik fikirler sağlayabileceği düşüncesinden hareketle birtakım önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Effects of interval training on the morpho-physiological parameters of hypertensive soldiers
Authors: NGASA Kiana , KUSUAYİ Godefroid , GUSTAVE Mundu , CLAUDE Nsinga , CELESTIN Mbala , MONIQUE Ngomo , NKIAMA Constant , KALUMBE Kape , GİLBERT Kabanda , WİLLY Katosia Lusenge
Published: March 2021

The practice of interval training is one of the essential lifestyle change measures for the management of high blood pressure while having beneficial effects that go beyond event reduction and cardiovascular mortality. Interval training is a form of cardio training, alternating periods of effort with more or less short recovery periods, in the same session. It improves the physical condition in the management of cardiovascular pathologies in general and arterial hypertension in particular. The study aimed to find out the effects of endurance physical exercises of the interval training type for hypertensive soldiers in the Kinshasa garrison. One hundred military subjects with hypertension, including 36 junior officers and 64 military sub-officers, aged 20 years and over, were joined the study. They were subjected for 6 months to a physical training program such as interval training on a treadmill. The program was divided into periods of 30 minutes of work, alternating phases of activity, and phases of active rest lasting 5 minutes per interval, of low to moderate intensity, and with a frequency of three times per interval. Week of slow walking exercises via fast and accelerated. The primary aim was the reduction in blood pressure and weight. The paired student's t-test was used to compare continuous variables before and after the interval training exercise program. A significant reduction was observed in 6 months of interval training exercises combined with dietary advice adapted for most of the morpho-physiological parameters studied. Adapted physical exercises such as interval training, associated with dietary advice significantly reduce body weight, waist circumference, body mass index, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and significantly increases VO2 max.
A preliminary study on the development of the normal concrete-UHPC composite beam via wet casting
Authors: Yalçınkaya Çağlar
Published: March 2021

Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is an innovative cementitious composite containing steel fiber reinforcement that can improve the behavior of structural elements thanks to its high strength and improved ductility properties. The mix design that provides these superior properties of UHPC also makes it a high-cost material. For this reason, the use of UHPC in parts where it contributes more significantly to the performance of the structural elements will lower down the costs and reduce the negative environmental effects caused by high cement content. In this preliminary study, the production of normal concrete (NC)-UHPC reinforced concrete (RC) composite beams by wet-on-wet casting was investigated by producing mini-RC beams. In the production of mini-RC beams, normal mortar (NM) and self-compacting mortar (SCM) mixtures were used to represent an NC. The results showed that in the production of NC-UHPC composite beams, the mixtures should have different rheological properties depending on the order of the layers. Increasing the total thickness of the UHPC layer enhanced the initial and yield stiffnesses as well as the peak loads. UHPC layer with thicknesses of 15 mm in tension zone, 30 mm in tension zone, and 15+15 mm in tension+compression zone led to the load-carrying capacity increment ratios of 20%, 34.6%, and 24.3%, respectively. However, increasing the thickness of the UHPC layer in the composite beams, especially more than 15 mm, reduced the ductility ratio and energy absorption capacity. Optimizing the tensile reinforcement ratio in UHPC layers can overcome the drawbacks in the ductility.
Effects of MDR1 Gene Polymorphism on Efficacy and Hematotoxicity of Epirubicin-Based Regimen in Patients with Breast Cancer in Southwest China
Authors: Huang Yilan , Wei Qiming , Zhong Xiaoyan , Zhu Wanlong , Fan Qingze , Wu Zhigui , Xu Changjing , Li Mengyang , Zhang Chengbin , Liu Yuanzhi , Zhao JunYi , Huang Yilan
Published: March 2021

Objective: To investigate the predictive value of multi-drug resistance gene (MDR1) polymorphism in the efficacy and hematological toxicity of chemotherapy regimen based on Epirubicin in patients with breast cancer in Southwest China.
Methods: Patients who received Epirubicin-based chemotherapy were included, and polymorphism of C1236T, G2677T/A and C3435T were detected by time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS). The correlation between different genotypes and chemotherapy efficacy and blood toxicity were evaluated.
Results: A total of 102 patients were included, 44 of them were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. There was no significant correlation between all genotypes and alleles of the three SNPs and the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen containing Epirubicin in patients with breast cancer. There was a significant correlation between C3435T polymorphism and grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ leukopenia in patients with breast cancer, the incidence of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ leukopenia in patients with C allele was significantly lower than that in patients with T allele.
Conclusion: T allele of C3435T polymorphism may be a risk factor for grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ leukopenia in patients with breast cancer after chemotherapy.
Hydrogen distribution in primary coke oventar and its fractions
Authors:   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A.Buketov, Kazakhstan, Aitbekova D.E. , Makenov D.K. ,   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A.Buketov, Kazakhstan, Andreikov E.I. ,   Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis UB RAS, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Tsaur A.G. ,   Eastern Research Institute of Coal Chemistry, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Ма Feng Yung ,   Xinjiang University, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China, Baikenova G.G. ,   Karaganda Economic University of Kazpotrebsoyuz, Karaganda, Kazakhstan,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Tusipkhan A. ,   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A.Buketov, Kazakhstan, Muratbekova A.A. ,   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A.Buketov, Kazakhstan, Baikenov M.I. ,   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A.Buketov, Kazakhstan
Published: March 2021

The aim of this work is to determine the hydrogen distribution in primary coke oven tar and its fractions. The hydrogen distribution in the primary coke oven tar of «ShubarkolKomir» JSC, its distillate fractions and dis-tillation residue have been determined by the methods of elemental analysis, IR and PMR spectroscopy. The atomic ratio of C: H in the primary coke oven tar is 0.79. All fractions of the tar contain a large amount of al-kyl-substituted aromatic compounds, phenols and other substances with alkyl groups. The initial tarcharac-terized by a high content of hydrogen in the α-and β-positions to the aromatic ring, 29% and 34% respec-tively, which indicates a large number of alkyl substituents in the aromatic rings and near double bonds. The total amount of aliphatic and aromatic hydrogen in the tar is 79% and 21% respectively. Olefinic hydrogen is presented in the initial tar in an amount of 8%. It is possible to make a choice of techniques for further processing (hydrogenation, coking, thermal cracking) to obtain products with high added value on the basis of determination of the elemental composition, quantitative distribution of hydrogen in the primary coke oven tar and its fractions by the using of above mentioned physical and chemical methods.
APPLICATION OF POLIPROPYLENE FABRICS FOR PROTECTION OF STRAWBERRY FRUIT SURFACE FROM PHOTOINGIBITION
Authors: Kozlova I. I. , Budagovskaya О. N.
Published: March 2021

Possibility of using propylene covering materials of white and yellow color with a density of 17 g/m2 to protect the surface of strawberries from photoinhibition was studied. Their influence on the temperature change of strawberry fruits of the studied varieties has been established. The study included 5 varieties of strawberries, polypropylene non-woven fabric of white and yellow colors with a density of 17 g/m2, black color with a density of 60 g/m2 and a polyethylene film of 60 microns. It has been established that the temperature of strawberry fruits differs on the sunny and shady sides and depends on the mulching material. In hot sunny weather the temperature of the berries under shelter is 10–15 % lower than in the control with a slight advantage of photoprotective properties in the yellow material compared to the white one. It turned out that by its spectral properties the yellow fabric was closer to the optimal ration of the spectral composition of light for photosynthesis of fruit plants. The transmittance of yellow polypropylene non woven fabrics is 7.2 %, higher in red region of spectrum and 13.8 % lower in blue region of spectrum compared to the white color fabrics. It would to take into account that when the strawberry plants are covered with nonwoven fabric for a long time to protect the berries from overheating, it is necessary to take into account its spectral properties, which affect the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus.
Treating Drill Cuttings Waste with Oil Contamination by Microwave Treatment then by Earthworms Technique
Authors: Khdair Ahmed Ameen , A. Al-Haleem Ayad
Published: March 2021

In this research paper, two techniques were used to treat the drill cuttings resulting from the oil-based drilling fluid. The drill cuttings were taken from the southern Rumaila fields which prepared for testing and fixed with 100 gm per sample and contaminated with two types of crude oil, one from Rumaila oilfields with Sp.gr of 0.882 and the other from the eastern Baghdad oilfield with Sp.gr of 0.924 besides contamination levels of 10% ​​and 15% w/w in mass. Samples were treated first with microwave with a power applied of 540 & 180 watts as well as a time of 50 minutes. It was found that the results reached below 1% w/w in mass, except for two samples they reached below 1.5% w/w in mass. Then, the sample of 1.41% w/w in mass, which has the highest contamination level after microwave treatment, was treated on three groups of earthworms. After the appropriate conditions, samples were prepared for treating by earthworms and for an incubation period of 21 days, the results highlighted the effectiveness of the succession process by reaching concentrations below 0.92%, 0.65%, and 0.42% w/w in mass.
Exploring Selected Game on English for Young Learner’s Vocabulary Mastery: The Word Clap Vs Quiz
Authors: Sahputri Desi Nori , Kurniawan Kurniawan
Published: March 2021

This research was conducted to offer an alternative teaching strategy on raising vocabulary mastery using the Word Clap Game. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a difference in the results of the Word Clap Game strategy on EYL’s vocabulary mastery of the fifth-grade Narwastu elementary school in Pekanbaru, Indonesia. This quasi experiment research involved 60 students with two classes; The experimental class with 29 students (VB class) and the control class with 31 students (VA class). The results of this study highlighted the post-test scores in the experimental class as having increased compared with the pre-test scores, which can be seen from the average score of the experimental class post-test that was 76.03 while the pre-test was 62.75. The average post-test value in the control class is 74.19, which was lower than the experimental class. Therefore, this study believes that there was no significant difference in students who are taught using the Word Clap Game strategy in mastering vocabulary with students who were not taught using the Word Clap Game strategy both seem effective in raising the EYL vocabulary mastery.
Politeness Strategies in EFL Classroom Context: Avoiding Future Conflict and Maintain the Harmony of Diversity
Authors: Sembiring Elita , Sianturi Srisofian
Published: March 2021

The research aims to investigate the politeness in language and action by students of Letters Faculty at Methodist University. Seeing the students from different etnic, religion, and culture, should be understanding and well manage to avoid future conflict and maintain the harmony of diversity among them. The research was done in the fifth-semester Cross Cultural Understanding class of Letters Faculty, The Methodist University of Indonesia. The researchers used a qualitative approach by observing the activities of students and recording their utterances during responding to the point of view. The result shows that the students applied the four types of politeness strategies in responding to context of avoiding conflict and maintain the harmony. The types are bald on record strategy, positive strategy, negative strategy and off record strategy. From the four types of politeness strategies, bald on record strategy is dominantly used by students. It is due to the students have a similar position, and it seems that no distance between them. All the communications are between students to students. For a reason, saying something directly and to the point are frequently used. Being polite should be in words and actions. From the research, students are polite in words but not in action.  

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Persuasive Communication: What Do Existing Literature Tells Us About Persuasive Communication Among Students?
Authors: Derin Tatum , Sari Nursafira Mutia , Saltri Yudar Ratih , Sari Gowasa Nofita , Hamuddin Budianto
Published: March 2021

In comparison to studies on the improvement of students’ motivation to learn in class, there is a lack of studies on the improvement of students’ ability to motivate others to learn in class by persuasion. Meanwhile, Education Department students who are future teachers are expected and evaluated on their ability to be persuasive. As a first step to address this gap, this present study aims to review the current literature on the persuasiveness of students. Specifically, this study proposed the research question “What do existing literature tells us about persuasive communication among students?” Using keyword-based search as a basis for the library research method, from 269,000 results from Google Scholar this qualitative study collected a total of 76 as raw data over 3 months from October to December 2019. With NVivo 12 software, this present study selected only the most relevant studies to the research question to be analyzed. Analysis on the remaining 16 studies indicated that research interest in persuasive communication among students is increasing during the last five years. Many of the students’ involved in such studies, however, are mainly English, Business, or English Business students. There is still room to explore and learn more about persuasive communication with other types of variable and demography.
English as Foreign Language (EFL) Teacher’s Questioning Strategies in Classroom Interaction
Authors: Nashruddin  , Rahmawati Ningtyas Putri
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT

The objectives of this research were to find out the teacher’s questioning strategies, types of the questions, and the reasons of using the questioning strategies in classroom interaction.. This qualitative research using discourse analysis approach. The sample of this study was a teacher of SMPN 1 Tanete Riaja, Barru Regency Data collection of this research was conducted through recording, observation, and interview. The data collected were analyzed through conversational analysis that was used in analyzing teacher's questioning strategies, types of the teacher's questions, and the reasons for using questioning strategies in EFL classroom. The research findings showed that the teacher used questioning strategies by applying some types of questions. The open/ closed questions and knowledge questions were used dominantly by the teacher. It depends on the material that the teacher transferred to the students. Otherwise, synthesis and evaluation questions were used only a few times by teacher. The teacher also applied some strategies, namely questioning in the opening session, questioning in the middle of teaching, prompting the questions, probing the question, and gave reinforcement to the students. The research finding indicated the positive effects of questioning strategies which were applied by the teachers toward EFL Classroom. It was proved by the students’ participation in learning. Moreover, it was shown by the observation sheets that the teacher and all students did a good interaction teaching-learning process.
The Effect of Using Pattern Guide Strategy on the Students’ Reading Comprehension in Narrative Text
Authors: Andika Gunawan Syahreza
Published: March 2021

The students in the eighth grade of MTs Imam Ibnu Katsir Pekanbaru had some phenomena in reading. First, the students got difficult in understanding the social function. The second, the students got difficult in understanding the grammar in narrative text. Concerning the syllabus of MTs Imam Ibnu Katsir Pekanbaru, the students’ comprehension of social function, generic structure, and language features in narrative writing. This research aims to identify the effect of pattern guide strategy on the students' reading comprehension in narrative text. This research was conducted at the eighth-grade students of MTs Imam Ibnu Katsir Pekanbaru in January 2018. The research design used quasi-experimental research. The samples of this research were the students of class VIIIa consisting of 25 students and class VIIIb composed of 22 students. The data were collected by pre-test and post-test. Then, it was analyzed statistically by using SPSS verse 16.0. Then, the data were calculated by using N-Gain between pre-test and post-test in the experimental class. After conducting this research, the result of this research was that the post-test score of the experimental class was getting higher than the pre-test score. It can be seen from the average post-test score of the experimental class was 71.40, which improved from the pre-test score 56.80. The average post-test on the control class was 66.36 was lower than the experimental class. In conclusion, it can be stated that the students who are taught using pattern guide strategy achieve better than those who are not taught using pattern guide strategy.
The Influence of Extroversion Personality towards EFL Learners' Writing Skills
Authors: Kafryawan Wira
Published: March 2021

This study aims at finding out whether or not there is a significant correlation between EFL learners' extroversion personality and their writing skills. Correlational research is used as a type of research method used in the study involving observing two variables consisting of extroversion personality and writing skills to establish a statistically corresponding relationship of them. To collect the samples, the sampling technique used is Saturated Sampling which means the technique of determining the sample when all members of the population are used as samples. Therefore, the samples are 50 EFL learners as respondents. The study was employed at Pohuwato University, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, English Education Department. By using EPI questionnaire, it is clear to find out the personality of the respondents whether the learner is introvert or extrovert. Furthermore, writing skills are assessed by using criteria of writing test by Heaton. Both extroversion data and writing skills data are quantifiable data.  The data were then analyzed by Pearson product-moment. The findings showed that there was a medium correlation between EFL learners' extroversion personality and their writing skills. It can be concluded that extroversion personality gives a medium influence to EFL learners writing skills. In other words, extrovert learners' tent to show good writing skills. Further studies are expected to elaborate more specifically about extroversion personality and writing skills.
Students' Perceptions towards Learning English on Earthquake Mitigation Education through Animation Video
Authors: Manuhutu Natalia , Ulian Felisitas Kirikirop
Published: March 2021

This study purposed to improve students' soft skills, knowledge and interest in learning English through animation videos of earthquake mitigation learning. Then the significances of this study were to improve learning interest-based on students' skill in organizing material and method into the game gradually by manipulating causes of earthquake, picture, and object into the text. The methods used in this research is a combination of conventional lecturing and games; also, several selected animation videos about earthquake mitigation. The sample of this research is 45 students who come from several tribes in Papua, but they study and live together at the boarding school in SMTK GGRIP Merauke. The result of this research was most of the students have good ability in catching the material of learning fast and proactive also, good intention to participate in learning English actively by simulating causes of the earthquake, picture, and object into a text. They were confident to answer quiz both individual or in a group session. It can be concluded that the students can improve their skills, especially for English and teacher can use this alternative model to encourage students in learning English through many things around them in Papua.
Exploring the Correlation Between Students’ Interest in Listening and Listening Comprehension in English Context
Authors: Yunita Widia , Jumiyanti Jumiyanti
Published: March 2021

The beginning of human learning is from hearing, thus, many educational experts and educational theories claim that the first learning activity is auditory. The influence of students’ listening comprehension, such as cognitive factors and psychological aspects also involved. One of the psychological problems is students’ interest. The purpose of this research is to find out a significant correlation between students’ interest in listening and their listening comprehension on the eleventh-grade students of SMKN 3 Tanah Putih, Rokan Hilir. The sample of this research was 26 students. The technique used in this research was correlational. In collecting the data, this research was distributing questionnaires to the respondents to assess students’ interests. Aside from assessing students’ listening comprehension, this research conducted a listening test for the students. In analysing the data, the questionnaires were assessed by Likert’s scale rating. The result of this research showed that the score of Sig. (2-tailed) gathered from SPSS 22, it was found that Sig. (2-tailed) the result was 0.001. Because of Sig. (2-tailed) was smaller than 0.05, it can be concluded that the null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected, and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted, which states there is a significant correlation between students’ interest in listening and their listening comprehension. In conclusion, there is a positive correlation between students’ interest in listening and their listening comprehension. It means that students with higher interest will get better listening comprehension than the lower one. In other words, the higher the interest of students, the better listening comprehension can be achieved.
The Use of Gesture in Improving Students’ Vocabulary Mastery in Selected Indonesian Junior High School
Authors: Simpuruh Indrayani
Published: March 2021

This presents research explore on the use of gestures to improve students’ vocabulary mastery at the second grade students of Indonesian junior high school. This quantitative research involved 60 students as its sample. The data obtained from the pretest, treatments, and posttest were were analysed to find its mean score and the score of t-test. The result of the study showed that there was a significant improvement of the students’ achievement after giving the treatment. The data shows that the t-test obtained by the students (16.28) is greater than t-table (2.045). This is means that H0 is rejected and H1 is acceptable. The data of students’ interest which were taken by using questionnaire shows that 25 students (83.33%) are in the very high category and left only five students (16.67%) in the high category. It means that the students were interested and this technique is suitable in teaching English vocabulary.
Post-Pandemic of Covid-19 and the Need for Transforming Education 5.0 in Afghanistan Higher Education
Authors: Rahim Mohammad Naim
Published: March 2021

The study is aimed to lead the global educational transformation in Afghanistan to prepare higher education institutions for the post-pandemic of Covid-19. Today, the purpose of education has changed. Everything is just a click away; One can google the right answer. Therefore, there is an urgent need for redefining the national educational objectives and set new goals that are aligned with the new norms. The 21st-century learners are involved in an education that cooperates with their head, hearth, and hands. Thus, students should learn how to love, to be kind, and of course, to believe that the world is a joint home of all the creatures. To prepare learners with this global module of education, the study applied a qualitative approach using critical document analysis to establish an authentic understanding of the on-going paradigm-shift and provide practical potentials for Education 5.0 transformation. As a result, there are three categories of skills, namely learning skills, literacy skills, and life skills which help educational institutions to evolve towards the education 0.5. This article contributes to the post-pandemic educational settings in Afghanistan.
ANALISIS KESULITAN BELAJAR MATEMATIKA KELAS V SD NEGERI 25 RAJANG BEGANTUNG II
Authors: M.Pd Andri , Wibowo Dwi Cahyadi , Agia Yofa
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan: (a) Kesulitan belajar matematika siswa kelas V, (b) Faktor penyebab kesulitan belajar matematika siswa kelas V, (c) Upaya guru untuk mengatasi kesulitan belajar matematika kelas V, (d) Tingkat kesulitan dalam pembelajaran matematika yang dialami siswa kelas V. Jenis dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode wawancara dan tes. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) siswa kesulitan memahami konsep, kesulitan dalam keterampilan, dan kesulitan memecahkan masalah, (2) Faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan peserta didik mengalami kesulitan dalam belajar yaitu faktor sosial, emosional, dan intelektual. (3) Upaya guru mengatasi kesulitan belajar dengan mengadakan remidi. (4) Tingkat kesulitan belajar siswa termasuk dalam kategori sangat sulit. Diharapkan guru dapat mengatasi kesulitan belajar siswa. Sehingga kesulitan siswa pada pembelajaran matematika sedikit teratasi.
Penerapan Media Pembelajaran Edmodo dan Google Classroom Pada SMK Islam Perti Jakarta
Authors: M. Ardiansyah M. Ardiansyah
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan dan memberikan pelatihan penggunaan media pembelajaran Edmodo dan Google classroom dalam pelaksanaan proses pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini berjenis deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Analisis dilihat dari bagaimana ketercapaian pelaksanaan pembelajaran dari pendidik sedangkan peserta didik dilihat dari bagaimana respon dan angket yang sudah dibagikan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memberikan pelatihan dan peningkatan kemampuan pendidik dalam penggunaan media pembelajaran jejaring sosial dengan aplikasi Edmodo dan Google Classroom berbasis web dan berbasis mobile. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah praktikum yang dilakukan secara langsung dengan menggunakan protokol covid-19 dan penyebaran angket serta data proses hasil kuisioner dalam penelitian ini berupa keterlaksanaan dan pemahaman peserta diukur dengan menggunakan lembar observasi berbentuk check-list menggunakan skala Guttman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media pembelajaran Edmodo dan Google classroom dalam proses pembelajaran kategori baik. Respon peserta didik dapat dikatakan sangat baik dengan persentase 90%. Dengan kata lain, Hampir seluruh pendidik dan peserta didik setuju mengatakan bahwa Edmodo dan Google classroom adalah media pembelajaran online yang cocok diterapkan dan sangat membantu dalam proses pembelajaran matematika.
Nonlinear fourth order Taylor expansion of lattice Boltzmann schemes
Authors: Dubois François
Published: March 2021

We propose a formal expansion of multiple relaxation times lattice Boltzmann schemes in terms of a single infinitesimal numerical variable. The result is a system of partial differential equations for the conserved moments of the lattice Boltzmann scheme. The expansion is presented in the nonlinear case up to fourth order accuracy. The asymptotic corrections of the nonconserved moments are developed in terms of equilibrium values and partial differentials of the conserved moments. Both expansions are coupled and conduct to explicit compact formulas. The new algebraic expressions are validated with previous results obtained with this framework. The example of isothermal D2Q9 lattice Boltzmann scheme illustrates the theoretical framework.
Effects of corrosion on a steel bowstring bridge in marine environment: A case-study of assessment and retrofit
Authors: Granata Michele Fabio
Published: March 2021

The case-study of a steel bowstring bridge set in a marine environment and highly damaged by corrosion is presented. The bridge was built in 2004 and was repainted for corrosion protection in 2010. Despite the recent construction and the maintenance interventions, many structural elements like hangers are highly damaged by corrosion with decreasing performance in terms of serviceability and ultimate limit states. A deep investigation was carried out in order to assess the bridge and to establish the necessary retrofit actions to be carried out in the near future. In-situ tests reveal the reduced performance of the original steel in terms of strength and corrosion protection, together with the inefficiency of the successive maintenance interventions. The paper presents assessment of the bridge and retrofit measures, including replacement of the hangers and galvanization through thermal spray coating technology, in order to increase its service life. The results of the investigations and the intervention measures are outlined and discussed.
Machine learning for precision medicine forecasts and challenges when incorporating non omics and omics data
Authors: Susymary J. , Deepalakshmi P.
Published: March 2021

Precision Medicine has emerged as a preventive, diagnostic and treatment tool to approach human diseases in a personalized manner. Since precision medicine incorporates omics data and knowledge in personal health records, people who live in industrially polluted areas have an advantage in the medicinal field. Integration of non-omics data and related biological knowledge in term omics data is a reality. The heterogenic characteristics of non-omics data and high dimensional omics data makes the integration challengeable. Hard data analytics problems create better opportunities in analytics. This review cut across the boundaries of machine learning models for the eventual development of a successful precision medicine forecast model, different strategies for the integration of non-omics data and omics data, limitations and challenges in data integration, and future directions for the precision medicine forecasts. The literature also discusses non-omics data, diseases associated with air pollutants, and omics data. This information gives insight to the integrated data analytics and their application in future project implications. It intends to motivate researchers and precision medicine forecast model developers in a global integrative analytical approach.
Whale optimization algorithm fused with SVM to detect stress in EEG signals
Authors: Gupta Richa , Alam M. Afshar , Agarwal Parul
Published: March 2021

Identifying stress and its level has always been a challenging area for researchers. A lot of work is going on around the world on the same. An attempt has been made by the authors in this paper as they present a methodology for detecting stress in EEG signals. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is commonly used to acquire brain signal activity. Though there exist other techniques to extract the same like Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET) we have used EEG as it is economical. We have used an open-source dataset for EEG data. Various images are used as the target stressor for collecting EEG signals. After feature selection and extraction, a support vector machine (SVM) with a whale optimization algorithm (WOA) in its kernel function for classification is used. WOA is a bio-inspired meta-heuristic algorithm, based on the hunting behavior of humpback whales. Using this method, we had obtained 91% accuracy for detecting the stress. The paper also compared the previous work done in detecting stress with the work proposed in this paper.
Multi-objective techniques for feature selection and classification in digital mammography
Authors: Thawkar Shankar , Singh Law Kumar , Khanna Munish
Published: March 2021

Feature selection is a crucial stage in the design of a computer-aided classification system for breast cancer diagnosis. The main objective of the proposed research design is to discover the use of multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) and Nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-III (NSGA-III) for feature selection in digital mammography. The Pareto-optimal fronts generated by MOPSO and NSGA-III for two conflicting objective functions are used to select optimal features. An artificial neural network (ANN) is used to compute the fitness of objective functions. The importance of features selected by MOPSO and NSGA-III are assessed using artificial neural networks. The experimental results show that MOPSO based optimization is superior to NSGA-III. MOPSO achieves high accuracy with a 55% feature reduction. MOPSO based feature selection and classification deliver an efficiency of 97.54% with 98.22% sensitivity, 96.82% specificity, 0.9508 Cohen’s kappa coefficient, and area under curve AZ= 0.983 ± 0.003.
An intelligent unsupervised technique for fraud detection in health care systems
Authors: Kanksha  , Bhaskar Aman , Pande Sagar , Malik Rahul , Khamparia Aditya
Published: March 2021

Healthcare is an essential part of people’s lives, particularly for the elderly population, and also should be economical. Medicare is one particular healthcare plan. Claims fraud is a significant contributor to increased healthcare expenses, though the effect of it could be lessened by fraud detection. In this paper, an analysis of various machine learning techniques was done to identify Medicare fraud. The isolated forest an unsupervised machine learning algorithm which improves overall performance while detecting fraud based upon outliers. The goal of this specific paper is generally to show probable dishonest providers on the ground of their allegations. Obtained results were found more promising compared to existing techniques. Around 98.76% accuracy is obtained using an isolated forest algorithm.
Cerebrospinal Fluid C18 Ceramide Associates with Markers of Alzheimer’s Disease and Inflammation at the Pre- and Early Stages of Dementia
Authors: Teitsdottir Unnur D. , Halldorsson Skarphedinn , Rolfsson Ottar , Lund Sigrun H. , Jonsdottir Maria K. , Snaedal Jon , Petersen Petur H.
Published: March 2021

Background: Understanding how dysregulation in lipid metabolism relates to the severity of Alzheimer‘s disease (AD) pathology might be critical in developing effective treatments. Objective: To identify lipid species in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) associated with signature AD pathology and to explore their relationships with measures reflecting AD-related processes (neurodegeneration, inflammation, deficits in verbal episodic memory) among subjects at the pre- and early symptomatic stages of dementia. Methods: A total of 60 subjects that had been referred to an Icelandic memory clinic cohort were classified as having CSF AD (n = 34) or non-AD (n = 26) pathology profiles. Untargeted CSF lipidomic analysis was performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) for the detection of mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) features. CSF proteins reflecting neurodegeneration (neurofilament light [NFL]) and inflammation (chitinase-3-like protein 1 [YKL-40], S100 calcium-binding protein B [S100B], glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP]) were also measured. Rey Auditory Verbal Learning (RAVLT) and Story tests were used for the assessment of verbal episodic memory. Results: Eight out of 1008 features were identified as best distinguishing between the CSF profile groups. Of those, only the annotation of the m/z feature assigned to lipid species C18 ceramide was confirmed with a high confidence. Multiple regression analyses, adjusted for age, gender, and education, demonstrated significant associations of CSF core AD markers (Aβ42: st.β= –0.36, p = 0.007; T-tau: st.β= 0.41, p = 0.005) and inflammatory marker S100B (st.β= 0.51, p = 0.001) with C18 ceramide levels. Conclusion: Higher levels of C18 ceramide associated with increased AD pathology and inflammation, suggesting its potential value as a therapeutic target.
Unique Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Dysfunction Neuroinflammatory and Immune Profiles in Alzheimer’s Disease with Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Pillai Jagan A. , Bena James , Bekris Lynn M. , Foldvary-Schaefer Nancy , Heinzinger Catherine , Rao Sujata , Rao Stephen M. , Leverenz James B. , Mehra Reena
Published: March 2021

Sleep dysfunction has been identified in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD); however, the role and mechanism of circadian rhythm dysfunction is less well understood. In a well-characterized cohort of patients with AD at the mild cognitive impairment stage (MCI-AD), we identify that circadian rhythm irregularities were accompanied by altered humoral immune responses detected in both the cerebrospinal fluid and plasma as well as alterations of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of neurodegeneration. On the other hand, sleep disruption was more so associated with abnormalities in circulating markers of immunity and inflammation and decrements in cognition.
Dynamic Change of Intracellular Metabolism of Microglia Evaluated by Transcriptomics in an Alzheimer’s Mouse Model
Authors: Qiu Hongyan , Zhao Ruoqi , Fei Guoqiang , Pan Xiaoli , Sang Shaoming , Xu Yangqi , Jin Boru , Jin Lirong , Cheng Xiaoqin , Zhong Chunjiu
Published: March 2021

Background: Microglia play diverse roles in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Intracellular metabolism has been indicated an important factor in modulating the function of microglia. However, it is not clear whether the intracellular metabolism of microglia changes dynamically in different stages of AD. Objective: To determine whether microglia intracellular metabolism changes dynamically in different stages of AD. Methods: Microglia were extracted from APPSwe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) mice and wild-type littermates at 2, 4, and 8 months old by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and used for RNA-sequencing analysis and quantitative PCR. Morphologies of amyloid plaques and microglia were detected by immunofluorescence staining. Results: Compared with control littermates, the microglia of APP/PS1 mice exhibited significant transcriptional changes at 2-month-old before microglia morphological alterations and the plaque formation. The changes continued drastically following age with defined morphological shift of microglia and amyloid plaque enhancement in brains. Further analysis of those genotype and age dependent transcriptomic changes revealed that differentially expressed genes were enriched in pathways related to energy metabolism. Compared with wild-type mice, there were changes of some vital genes related to glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism pathways in APP/PS1 mice at different ages. Glucose metabolism may play a major role in early activation of microglia, and lipid metabolism may be more important in later activation period. Conclusion: Our results showed that microglia actively participate in the pathological progress of AD. The intracellular metabolism of microglia changed significantly in different stages of AD, even preceding amyloid-β deposition.