bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Safety Assessment of a Nham Starter Culture Lactobacillus plantarum BCC9546 via Whole-genome Analysis
Authors: Chokesajjawatee Nipa , Santiyanont Pannita , Chantarasakha Kanittha , Kocharin Kanokarn , Thammarongtham Chinae , Lertampaiporn Supatcha , Vorapreeda Tayvich , Srisuk Tanawut , Wongsurawat Thidathip , Jenjaroenpun Piroon , Nookaew Intawat , Visessanguan Wonnop
Published: June 2020

The safety of microbial cultures utilized for consumption is vital for public health and should be thoroughly assessed. Although general aspects on the safety assessment of microbial cultures have been suggested, no methodological detail nor procedural guideline have been published. Herein, we propose a detailed protocol on microbial strain safety assessment via whole-genome sequence analysis. A starter culture employed in traditional fermented pork production, nham, namely Lactobacillus plantarum BCC9546, was used as an example. The strain’s whole-genome was sequenced through several next-generation sequencing techniques. Incomplete plasmid information from the PacBio sequencing platform and shorter chromosome size from the hybrid Oxford Nanopore-Illumina platform were noted. The methods for 1) unambiguous species identification using 16S rRNA gene and average nucleotide identity, 2) determination of virulence factors and undesirable genes, 3) determination of antimicrobial resistance properties and their possibility of transfer, and 4) determination of antimicrobial drug production capability of the strain were provided in detail. Applicability of the search tools and limitations of databases were discussed. Finally, a procedural guideline for the safety assessment of microbial strains via whole-genome analysis was proposed.
Distinct abdominal and gluteal adipose tissue transcriptome signatures are altered by exercise training in African women with obesity
Authors: Nono Nankam Pamela A. , Blüher Matthias , Kehr Stephanie , Klöting Nora , Krohn Knut , Adams Kevin , Stadler Peter F. , Mendham Amy E. , Goedecke Julia H.
Published: June 2020

The differential associations of adipose depots with metabolic risk during obesity have been proposed to be controlled by environmental and genetic factors. We evaluated the regional differences in transcriptome signatures between abdominal (aSAT) and gluteal subcutaneous adipose tissue (gSAT) in obese black South African women and tested the hypothesis that 12-week exercise training alters gene expression patterns in a depot-specific manner. Twelve young women performed 12-weeks of supervised aerobic and resistance training. Pre- and post-intervention measurements included peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), whole-body composition and unbiased gene expression analysis of SAT depots. VO2peakincreased, body weight decreased, and body fat distribution improved with exercise training (p < 0.05). The expression of 15 genes, mainly associated with embryonic development, differed between SAT depots at baseline, whereas 318 genes were differentially expressed post-training (p < 0.05). Four developmental genes were differentially expressed between these depots at both time points (HOXA5, DMRT2,DMRT3andCSN1S1). Exercise training induced changes in the expression of genes associated with immune and inflammatory responses, and lipid metabolism in gSAT, and muscle-associated processes in aSAT. This study showed differences in developmental processes regulating SAT distribution and expandability of distinct depots, and depot-specific adaptation to exercise training in black South African women with obesity.
ssGSEA score-based Ras dependency indexes derived from gene expression data reveal potential Ras addiction mechanisms with possible clinical implications
Authors: Yi Ming , Nissley Dwight V. , McCormick Frank , Stephens Robert M.
Published: June 2020

For nearly a decade, the difficulties associated with both the determination and reproducibility of Ras-dependency indexes (RDIs) have limited their application and further delineation of the biology underlying Ras dependency. In this report, we describe the application of a computational single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) method to derive RDIs with gene expression data. The computationally derived RDIs across the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) cell lines show excellent agreement with the experimentally derived values and high correlation with a previous in-house siRNA effector node (siREN) study and external studies. Using EMT signature-derived RDIs and data from cell lines representing the extremes in RAS dependency, we identified enriched pathways distinguishing these classes, including the Fas signaling pathway and a putative Ras-independent pathway first identified in NK cells. Importantly, extension of the method to patient samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) showed the same consensus differential expression patterns for these two pathways across multiple tissue types. Last, the computational RDIs displayed a significant association with TCGA cancer patients’ survival outcomes. Together, these lines of evidence confirm that our computationally derived RDIs faithfully represent a measure of Ras dependency in both cancer cell lines and patient samples. The application of such computational RDIs can provide insights into Ras biology and potential clinical applications.
Serum branched-chain amino acids are associated with leukocyte telomere length and frailty based on residents from Guangxi longevity county
Authors: Zhang Ying , Zhou Qi , Yang Ruiyue , Hu Caiyou , Huang Zezhi , Zheng Chenguang , Liang Qinghua , Gong Ranhui , Zhu Xiaoquan , Gong Huan , Yuan Huiping , Chen Chen , Li Xianghui , Zhang Nan , Yang Ze , Sun Liang
Published: June 2020

Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and telomere length are biologically associated with healthy aging. However, the association between them and their interaction on frailty remain unclear in humans. Here, a cross-sectional study based on residents from Guangxi longevity county was conducted to investigate the association of serum BCAAs, peripheral leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and frailty. A total of 1,034 subjects aged 20 to 110 years were recruited in the study. The real-time qPCR method and a targeted metabolomics approach based on isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method were used for measurement of LTL and BCAAs, respectively. A frailty score defined as the proportion of accumulated deficits based on 24 aging-related items was used assess the health status of elderly subjects. First, we found that a higher concentration of BCAAs was significantly associated with longer LTL only in middle-aged subjects, independent of age and BMI (P < 0.05). In the oldest-old subjects, we identified a significantly inverse association between BCAAs and frailty score (P < 0.001), even after adjustment for age and BMI (P < 0.05). Additionally, we recognized a statistically significant synergetic interaction between BCAAs and LTL on frailty score in the oldest-old subjects by the general linear model (P = 0.042), although we did not find any significant association between LTL and frailty score. In summary, our findings suggest a potentially protective effect of circulating BCAAs on LTL and frailty based on the subjects from longevity county in East Asia and indicate a potential synergetic interaction between BCAAs and LTL in healthy aging.
Transformation of terahertz vibrational modes of cytosine under hydration
Authors: Lee Donggun , Cheon Hwayeong , Jeong Seo-Yeon , Son Joo-Hiuk
Published: June 2020

Cytosine and cytosine monohydrate are representative biomolecules for investigating the effect of hydrogen bonds in deoxyribonucleic acid. To better understand intermolecular interactions, such as hydrogen bonds, between nucleobases it is necessary to identify the low-frequency vibrational modes associated with intermolecular interactions and crystalline structures. In this study, we investigated the characteristic low-frequency vibrational modes of cytosine and cytosine monohydrate using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). The crystal geometry was obtained by the powder X-ray diffraction technique. The optimized atomic positions and the normal modes in the terahertz region were calculated using density functional theory (DFT), which agreed well with the experimental results. We found that overall terahertz absorption peaks of cytosine and cytosine monohydrate consist of collective vibrations mixed with intermolecular and intramolecular vibrations in mode character analysis, and that the most intense peaks of both samples involve remarkable intermolecular translational vibration. These results indicate that THz-TDS combined with DFT calculations including mode character analysis can be an effective method for understanding how water molecules contribute to the characteristics of the low-frequency vibrational modes by intermolecular vibrations with hydrogen bonding in biological and biomedical applications.
A Study among the Genotype, Functional Alternations, and Phenotype of 9 SCN1A Mutations in Epilepsy Patients
Authors: Kluckova Daniela , Kolnikova Miriam , Lacinova Lubica , Jurkovicova-Tarabova Bohumila , Foltan Tomas , Demko Viktor , Kadasi Ludevit , Ficek Andrej , Soltysova Andrea
Published: June 2020

Mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.1 (SCN1A) are linked to various epileptic phenotypes with different severities, however, the consequences of newly identified SCN1A variants on patient phenotype is uncertain so far. The functional impact of nine SCN1A variants, including five novel variants identified in this study, was studied using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings measurement of mutant Nav1.1 channels expressed in HEK293T mammalian cells. E78X, W384X, E1587K, and R1596C channels failed to produce measurable sodium currents, indicating complete loss of channel function. E788K and M909K variants resulted in partial loss of function by exhibiting reduced current density, depolarizing shifts of the activation and hyperpolarizing shifts of the inactivation curves, and slower recovery from inactivation. Hyperpolarizing shifts of the activation and inactivation curves were observed in D249E channels along with slower recovery from inactivation. Slower recovery from inactivation was observed in E78D and T1934I with reduced current density in T1934I channels. Various functional effects were observed with the lack of sodium current being mainly associated with severe phenotypes and milder symptoms with less damaging channel alteration. In vitro functional analysis is thus fundamental for elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of epilepsy, to guide patients’ treatment, and finally indicate misdiagnosis of SCN1A related epilepsies.
Diversity hotspot and unique community structure of foraminifera in the world’s deepest marine blue hole – Sansha Yongle Blue Hole
Authors: Li Qingxia , Lei Yanli , Morard Raphaёl , Li Tiegang , Wang Baodong
Published: June 2020

Marine blue holes are precious geological heritages with high scientific research values. Their physical and chemical characteristics are unique because of the steep-walled structure and isolated water column which create isolated ecosystems in geographically restricted areas. The Sansha Yongle Blue Hole (SYBH) is the world’s deepest marine blue hole. Here, we generated the first DNA metabarcoding dataset from SYBH sediment focusing on foraminifera, a group of protists that have colonized various marine environments. We collected sediment samples from SYBH along a depth gradient to characterize the foraminiferal diversity and compared them with the foraminiferal diversity of the costal Jiaozhou Bay (JZB) and the abyssal Northwest Pacific Ocean (NWP). We amplified the SSU rDNA of foraminifera and sequenced them with high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the foraminiferal assemblages in SYBH were vertically structured in response to the abiotic gradients and diversity was higher than in JZB and NWP. This study illustrates the capacity of foraminifera to colonize hostile environments and shows that blue holes are natural laboratories to explore physiological innovation associated with anoxia.
Northern and southern blacklegged (deer) ticks are genetically distinct with different histories and Lyme spirochete infection rates
Authors: Xu Guang , Wielstra Ben , Rich Stephen M.
Published: June 2020

Lyme borreliosis (LB) is the archetypal emerging zoonosis and is dependent on transmission by ticks in the genusIxodes. Understanding the origin, maintenance, and spread of these ticks contributes much to our understanding of the spread of LB and other disease agents borne by these ticks. We collected 1232Ixodes scapularisticks from 17 east coast sites ranging from New Hampshire to Florida and used mtDNA, three nuclear genetic loci, and incorporated Bayesian analyses to resolve geographically distinct tick populations and compare their demographic histories. A sparse, stable, and genetically diverse population of ticks in the Southeastern US, that is rarely infected with the agent of LB is genetically distinct from an abundant, expanding, and comparatively uniform population in the Northeast, where epidemic LB now constitutes the most important vector borne disease in the United States. The contrasting geography and demography of tick populations, interpreted in the context of the geological history of the region, suggests that during the last glacial period such ticks occupied distinct refugia, with only the northern-most site of refuge giving rise to those ticks and pathogens now fueling the epidemic.
Liquid biopsy mutation panel for non-small cell lung cancer: analytical validation and clinical concordance
Authors: Schwartzberg Lee S. , Horinouchi Hidehito , Chan David , Chernilo Sara , Tsai Michaela L. , Isla Dolores , Escriu Carles , Bennett John P. , Clark-Langone Kim , Svedman Christer , Tomasini Pascale ,   Oncotype SEQ® Study Investigators and Program Team, Alexander Gregory , Baehner Frederick L. , Bauer Thomas , Bergamaschi Anna , Crown John , Davison Deborah , Eberhard David A. , Gabrail Nashat , Han James , Irvin William , Lopatin Margarita , Orsini James , Sumrall Bradley T.
Published: June 2020

Molecular testing for genomic variants is recommended in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Standard tissue biopsy is sometimes infeasible, procedurally risky, or insufficient in tumor tissue quantity. We present the analytical validation and concordance study of EGFR variants using a new 17-gene liquid biopsy assay (NCT02762877). Of 144 patients enrolled with newly diagnosed or progressive stage IV nonsquamous NSCLC, 140 (97%) had liquid assay results, and 117 (81%) had both EGFR blood and tissue results. Alterations were detected in 58% of liquid samples. Overall tissue-liquid concordance for EGFR alterations was 94.0% (95% CI 88.1%, 97.6%) with positive percent agreement of 76.7% (57.7%, 90.1%) and negative percent agreement of 100% (95.8%, 100%). Concordance for ALK structural variants was 95.7% (90.1%, 98.6%). This assay detected alterations in other therapeutically relevant genes at a rate similar to tissue analysis. These results demonstrate the analytical and clinical validity of this 17-gene assay.
SAMHD1 is a key regulator of the lineage-specific response of acute lymphoblastic leukaemias to nelarabine
Authors: Rothenburger Tamara , McLaughlin Katie-May , Herold Tobias , Schneider Constanze , Oellerich Thomas , Rothweiler Florian , Feber Andrew , Fenton Tim R. , Wass Mark N. , Keppler Oliver T. , Michaelis Martin , Cinatl Jindrich
Published: June 2020

The nucleoside analogue nelarabine, the prodrug of arabinosylguanine (AraG), is effective against T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) but not against B-cell ALL (B-ALL). The underlying mechanisms have remained elusive. Here, data from pharmacogenomics studies and a panel of ALL cell lines reveal an inverse correlation between nelarabine sensitivity and the expression ofSAMHD1, which can hydrolyse and inactivate triphosphorylated nucleoside analogues. Lower SAMHD1 abundance is detected in T-ALL than in B-ALL in cell lines and patient-derived leukaemic blasts. Mechanistically, T-ALL cells display increasedSAMHD1promoter methylation without increased global DNA methylation. SAMHD1 depletion sensitises B-ALL cells to AraG, while ectopic SAMHD1 expression in SAMHD1-null T-ALL cells induces AraG resistance. SAMHD1 has a larger impact on nelarabine/AraG than on cytarabine in ALL cells. Opposite effects are observed in acute myeloid leukaemia cells, indicating entity-specific differences. In conclusion,SAMHD1promoter methylation and, in turn,SAMHD1expression levels determine ALL cell response to nelarabine.
Biocrusts buffer against the accumulation of soil metallic nutrients induced by warming and rainfall reduction
Authors: Moreno-Jiménez Eduardo , Ochoa-Hueso Raúl , Plaza César , Aceña-Heras Sara , Flagmeier Maren , Elouali Fatima Z. , Ochoa Victoria , Gozalo Beatriz , Lázaro Roberto , Maestre Fernando T.
Published: June 2020

The availability of metallic nutrients in dryland soils, many of which are essential for the metabolism of soil organisms and vascular plants, may be altered due to climate change-driven increases in aridity. Biocrusts, soil surface communities dominated by lichens, bryophytes and cyanobacteria, are ecosystem engineers known to exert critical functions in dryland ecosystems. However, their role in regulating metallic nutrient availability under climate change is uncertain. Here, we evaluated whether well-developed biocrusts modulate metallic nutrient availability in response to 7 years of experimental warming and rainfall reduction in a Mediterranean dryland located in southeastern Spain. We found increases in the availability of K, Mg, Zn and Na under warming and rainfall exclusion. However, the presence of a well-developed biocrust cover buffered these effects, most likely because its constituents can uptake significant quantities of available metallic nutrients. Our findings suggest that biocrusts, a biotic community prevalent in drylands, exert an important role in preserving and protecting metallic nutrients in dryland soils from leaching and erosion. Therefore, we highlight the need to protect them to mitigate undesired effects of soil degradation driven by climate change in this globally expanding biome.
The genome of pest Rhynchophorus ferrugineus reveals gene families important at the plant-beetle interface
Authors: Hazzouri Khaled Michel , Sudalaimuthuasari Naganeeswaran , Kundu Biduth , Nelson David , Al-Deeb Mohammad Ali , Le Mansour Alain , Spencer Johnston J. , Desplan Claude , Amiri Khaled M. A.
Published: June 2020

The red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, infests palm plantations, leading to large financial losses and soil erosion. Pest-host interactions are poorly understood in R. ferrugineus, but the analysis of genetic diversity and pest origins will help advance efforts to eradicate this pest. We sequenced the genome of R. ferrugineus using a combination of paired-end Illumina sequencing (150 bp), Oxford Nanopore long reads, 10X Genomics and synteny analysis to produce an assembly with a scaffold N50 of ~60 Mb. Structural variations showed duplication of detoxifying and insecticide resistance genes (e.g., glutathione S-transferase, P450, Rdl). Furthermore, the evolution of gene families identified those under positive selection including one glycosyl hydrolase (GH16) gene family, which appears to result from horizontal gene transfer. This genome will be a valuable resource to understand insect evolution and behavior and to allow the genetic modification of key genes that will help control this pest.
Ultrafast all-optical switching enabled by epsilon-near-zero-tailored absorption in metal-insulator nanocavities
Authors: Kuttruff Joel , Garoli Denis , Allerbeck Jonas , Krahne Roman , De Luca Antonio , Brida Daniele , Caligiuri Vincenzo , Maccaferri Nicolò
Published: June 2020

Ultrafast control of light−matter interactions is fundamental in view of new technological frontiers of information processing. However, conventional optical elements are either static or feature switching speeds that are extremely low with respect to the time scales at which it is possible to control light. Here, we exploit the artificial epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) modes of a metal-insulator-metal nanocavity to tailor the linear photon absorption of our system and realize a nondegenerate all-optical ultrafast modulation of the reflectance at a specific wavelength. Optical pumping of the system at its high energy ENZ mode leads to a strong redshift of the low energy mode because of the transient increase of the local dielectric function, which leads to a sub-3-ps control of the reflectance at a specific wavelength with a relative modulation depth approaching 120%.
Thermal conductance across harmonic-matched epitaxial Al-sapphire heterointerfaces
Authors: Cheng Zhe , Koh Yee Rui , Ahmad Habib , Hu Renjiu , Shi Jingjing , Liao Michael E. , Wang Yekan , Bai Tingyu , Li Ruiyang , Lee Eungkyu , Clinton Evan A. , Matthews Christopher M. , Engel Zachary , Yates Luke , Luo Tengfei , Goorsky Mark S. , Doolittle W. Alan , Tian Zhiting , Hopkins Patrick E. , Graham Samuel
Published: June 2020

A unified fundamental understanding of interfacial thermal transport is missing due to the complicated nature of interfaces. Because of the difficulty to grow high-quality interfaces and lack of materials characterization, the experimentally measured thermal boundary conductance (TBC) in the literature are usually not the same as the ideally modelled interfaces. This work provides a systematic study of TBC across the highest-quality (atomically sharp, harmonic-matched, and ultraclean) epitaxial (111) Al||(0001) sapphire interfaces to date. The comparison of measured high TBC with theoretical models shows that elastic phonon transport dominates the interfacial thermal transport and other mechanisms play negligible roles. This is confirmed by a nearly constant transmission coefficient by scaling the TBC with the Al heat capacity and sapphire heat capacity with phonon frequency lower than 10 THz. Finally, the findings in this work will impact applications such as electronics thermal management, thermoelectric energy conversion, and battery safety.
Lithium-doped two-dimensional perovskite scintillator for wide-range radiation detection
Authors: Xie Aozhen , Hettiarachchi Chathuranga , Maddalena Francesco , Witkowski Marcin E. , Makowski Michał , Drozdowski Winicjusz , Arramel Arramel , Wee Andrew T. S. , Springham Stuart Victor , Vuong Phan Quoc , Kim Hong Joo , Dujardin Christophe , Coquet Philippe , Birowosuto Muhammad Danang , Dang Cuong
Published: June 2020

Two-dimensional lead halide perovskites have demonstrated their potential as high-performance scintillators for X- and gamma-ray detection, while also being low-cost. Here we adopt lithium chemical doping in two-dimensional phenethylammonium lead bromide (PEA)2PbBr4perovskite crystals to improve the properties and add functionalities with other radiation detections. Li doping is confirmed by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and the scintillation mechanisms are explored via temperature dependent X-ray and thermoluminescence measurements. Our 1:1 Li-doped (PEA)2PbBr4demonstrates a fast decay time of 11 ns (80%), a clear photopeak with an energy resolution of 12.4%, and a scintillation yield of 11,000 photons per MeV under 662 keV gamma-ray radiation. Additionally, our Li-doped crystal shows a clear alpha particle/gamma-ray discrimination and promising thermal neutron detection through6Li enrichment. X-ray imaging pictures with (PEA)2PbBr4are also presented. All results demonstrate the potential of Li-doped (PEA)2PbBr4as a versatile scintillator covering a wide radiation energy range for various applications.
Metal–organic framework-derived CdS–NiO heterostructures with modulated morphology and enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity in pure water
Authors: Lin Ye-Zhan , Wang Kai , Zhang Yu , Dou Yi-Chuan , Yang Yi-Jin , Xu Mei-Ling , Wang Yanju , Liu Fu-Tian , Li Kui
Published: June 2020

This work reported the uniform distribution of CdS nanoparticles over the MOF-derived porous NiO skeleton. With the PVP surface modification and the residual carbon, the formation of CdS-porous NiO exhibited an excellent photocatalytic performance.
Introducing a novel procedure for peak alignment in one-dimensional 1H-NMR spectroscopy: a prerequisite for chemometric analyses of wine samples
Authors: Kumar Keshav , Schweiggert Ralf , Patz Claus-Dieter
Published: June 2020

In the current work, a novel procedure for correcting the peak drifts of 1H-NMR was introduced that involved mapping NMR spectra on a common chemical shift axis followed by interval-wisely applying the correlation optimized warping (COW) algorithm.
Biocompatible melanin based theranostic agent for in vivo detection and ablation of orthotopic micro-hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chen Kang , Li Qiaolin , Zhao Xingyang , Zhang Jinde , Ma Haosong , Sun Xiang , Yu Qian , Zhang Yueming , Fang Chihua , Nie Liming
Published: June 2020

Enhanced photoacoustic performance and therapeutic outcomes of melanin-based organic agents for dual-modality imaging and photothermal ablation of orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma.
A green approach for the preparation of a surfactant embedded sulfonated carbon catalyst towards glycerol acetalization reactions
Authors: Ghosh Anindya , Singha Aniruddha , Auroux Aline , Das Avik , Sen Debasis , Chowdhury Biswajit
Published: June 2020

A surfactant embedded carbon-based acid catalyst was preparedviasimple physical mixing and thermal treatment to establish the relationship between hydrophobicity and acidic site density for efficient glycerol acetalization reaction.
CeO2–MnOx composite loaded on Al2O3 as a catalyst for HCl oxidation
Authors: Tian Xin , Lin Baining , Li Yaping , Wang Shuai , Zhou Yonghua , Zhong Hong
Published: June 2020

CeO2(12)–MnOx(13)/Al2O3 catalyst exhibited an evidently improved activity with HCl conversion (XHCl) above 72%, accompanied with a satisfactory stability for at least 200 h in the reaction of HCl oxidation to Cl2.
The sorption behaviour of amine micropollutants on polyethylene microplastics – impact of aging and interactions with green seaweed
Authors: Vockenberg Thorben , Wichard Thomas , Ueberschaar Nico , Franke Marcus , Stelter Michael , Braeutigam Patrick
Published: June 2020

Microplastics are ubiquitous in the environment.
Emerging investigator series: molecular mechanisms of plant salinity stress tolerance improvement by seed priming with cerium oxide nanoparticles
Authors: An Jing , Hu Peiguang , Li Fangjun , Wu Honghong , Shen Yu , White Jason C. , Tian Xiaoli , Li Zhaohu , Giraldo Juan Pablo
Published: June 2020

Engineered nanomaterials interfaced with plant seeds can improve stress tolerance during the vulnerable seedling stage.
Screening of folate-producing lactic acid bacteria and modulatory effects of folate-biofortified yogurt on gut dysbacteriosis of folate-deficient rats
Authors: Zhang Jian , Cai Dongyan , Yang Ming , Hao Yijiang , Zhu Yuanhua , Chen Zexuan , Aziz Tariq , Sarwar Abid , Yang Zhennai
Published: June 2020

Folate deficiency is accompanied by gut dysbacteriosis.
Comparative assessment of phenolic bioaccessibility from 100% grape juice and whole grapes
Authors: Mohamedshah Zulfiqar , Chadwick-Corbin Sydney , Wightman JoLynne D. , Ferruzzi Mario G.
Published: June 2020

Concord and Niagara grape juice have comparable or greater absolute bioaccessibility of major classes of phenolic compounds compared to masticated whole grapes.
Release and metabolism of bound polyphenols from carrot dietary fiber and their potential activity in in vitro digestion and colonic fermentation
Authors: Dong Ruihong , Liu Shuai , Zheng Yuting , Zhang Xingjie , He Zhicheng , Wang Zipei , Wang Yiying , Xie Jianhua , Chen Yi , Yu Qiang
Published: June 2020

Dietary fiber is a carrier of abundant polyphenols and the potential benefits have attracted increasing attention.
Enhancement of γ-radiation stability of polysulfone membrane matrix by reinforcement of hybrid nanomaterials of nanodiamond and ceria
Authors: Bedar Amita , Lenka Raja K. , Goel Narender K. , Kumar Sanjay , Jain Ratnesh D. , Singh Beena G. , Tewari Pradip K. , Bindal Ramesh C. , Kar Soumitra
Published: June 2020

A hybrid nanoparticle system of nanodiamond and cerium oxide (ceria) is used as a reinforcement material in order to enhance the γ-radiation stability of polysulfone host membrane matrix.
A description of the formation and growth processes of CaTiO3mesocrystals: a joint experimental and theoretical approach
Authors: Moreira Mario L. , Bordin José Rafael , Andrés Juan , Varela José A. , Longo Elson
Published: June 2020

We report a combined experimental and theoretical study to rationalize the self-assembly mechanism of CaTiO3mesocrystals through microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis.
Real-time monitoring of trap dynamics reveals the electronic states that limit charge transport in crystalline organic semiconductors
Authors: Iqbal Hamna F. , Holland Emma K. , Anthony John E. , Jurchescu Oana D.
Published: June 2020

Access to the dynamics of trap annihilation/generation resulting from isomer rearrangement identifies the performance-limiting processes in organic thin-film transistors.
Nanomechanics of the molecular complex between staphylococcal adhesin SpsD and elastin
Authors: Mathelié-Guinlet Marion , Chantraine Constance , Viela Felipe , Pietrocola Giampiero , Speziale Pietro , Dufrêne Yves F.
Published: June 2020

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius surface protein SpsD engages in two modes of interaction with elastin that are tightly controlled by physical stress.
Air-thermal processing of hierarchically porous metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Jia Miaomiao , Mai Lei , Li Zhanjun , Li Wanbin
Published: June 2020

An air-thermal processing strategy is developed to remove residual solvents and uncoordinated linkers for redesigning metal–organic frameworks with improved adsorption proprieties and hierarchically micro/meso/macroporous superstructures.
X (metal: Al, Cu, Sn, Ti)-functionalized tunable 2D-MoS2nanostructure assembled biosensor arrays for qualitative and quantitative analysis of vital neurological drugs
Authors: Veeralingam Sushmitha , Badhulika Sushmee
Published: June 2020

X-Functionalized tunable MoS2nanostructure assembled biosensor arrays for qualitative and quantitative analysis.
Effect of pore structure and doping species on charge storage mechanisms in porous carbon-based supercapacitors
Authors: Xie Lijing , Su Fangyuan , Xie Longfei , Guo Xiaoqian , Wang Zhenbing , Kong Qingqiang , Sun Guohua , Ahmad Aziz , Li Xiaoming , Yi Zonglin , Chen Chengmeng
Published: June 2020

Turning to improve performances under industrial requirements may be more meaningful for research itself.
Semiconducting and electropolymerizable liquid crystalline carbazole-containing porphyrin-core dendrimers
Authors: Concellón Alberto , Termine Roberto , Golemme Attilio , Romero Pilar , Marcos Mercedes , Serrano José Luis
Published: June 2020

We have successfully synthesized porphyrin-core dendrimers with peripheral carbazole moieties, which can be electrochemically crosslinked. Moreover, these dendrimers exhibit discotic nematic liquid crystal phases with high hole mobilities.
Rubia tinctorum root extracts: chemical profile and management of type II diabetes mellitus
Authors: Eltamany Enas E. , Nafie Mohamed S. , Khodeer Dina M. , El-Tanahy Aya H. H. , Abdel-Kader Maged S. , Badr Jihan M. , Abdelhameed Reda F. A.
Published: June 2020

The chemical and biological profiling of the root extracts of Rubia tinctorum was performed.
Building an electrochemical series of metals in pyrrolidinium-based ionic liquids
Authors: Jung Yeojin , Dilasari Bonita , Bae Wi-Sup , Kim Hong-In , Kwon Kyungjung
Published: June 2020

An electrochemical series of pyrrolidinium-based ionic liquids is established by designing a redox system where only one kind of anion is present in the electrolyte and metal ions are supplied by anodic dissolution.
Preparation, characterization, and thermal properties of novel fire-resistant microencapsulated phase change materials based on paraffin and a polystyrene shell
Authors: Kazanci Berk , Cellat Kemal , Paksoy Halime
Published: June 2020

Flame retardancy properties of paraffin-based microcapsules were enhanced using halogen-free fire retardants. The reducing on the heat of combustion, and improving on noncombustibility properties and microencapsulation ratio were achieved.
Electronic structure, optoelectronic properties and enhanced photocatalytic response of GaN–GeC van der Waals heterostructures: a first principles study
Authors: Huong Pham T. , Idrees M. , Amin B. , Hieu Nguyen N. , Phuc Huynh V. , Hoa Le T. , Nguyen Chuong V.
Published: June 2020

In this work, we systematically studied the electronic structure and optical characteristics of van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure composed of a single layer of GaN and GeC using first principles calculations.
Efficient biotransformation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid by a new whole-cell biocatalyst Pseudomonas aeruginosa PC-1
Authors: Pan Xin , Wu Sihua , Yao Deshan , Liu Lian , Zhang Lina , Yao Zixuan , Pan Yan , Chang Siyuan , Li Bingfeng
Published: June 2020

An efficient HMFCA production strategy was developed using a new whole-cell biocatalyst from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PC-1.
In situ K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy of the ligand environment of single-site Au/C catalysts during acetylene hydrochlorination
Authors: Malta Grazia , Kondrat Simon A. , Freakley Simon J. , Morgan David J. , Gibson Emma K. , Wells Peter P. , Aramini Matteo , Gianolio Diego , Thompson Paul B. J. , Johnston Peter , Hutchings Graham J.
Published: June 2020

In situ chlorine and sulphur XAS shows a dynamic ligand environment around cationic Au single-sites during acetylene hydrochlorination.
Dual catalytic enantioselective desymmetrization of allene-tethered cyclohexanones
Authors: Zhang Lin , Yamazaki Ken , Leitch Jamie A. , Manzano Ruben , Atkinson Victoria A. M. , Hamlin Trevor A. , Dixon Darren J.
Published: June 2020

The construction of enantioenriched azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-6-one heterocycles via an enantioselective desymmetrization of allene-linked cyclohexanones, enabled through a dual prolinamide/copper(i) catalytic system, is described.
Nongeminate charge recombination in organic photovoltaics
Authors: Fukuhara Tomohiro , Tamai Yasunari , Ohkita Hideo
Published: June 2020

Suppression of nongeminate recombination due to long charge lifetime and low nonradiative loss is essential to highly efficient organic photovoltaics.
A cubane-type manganese complex with H2O oxidation capabilities
Authors: Tandon Swetanshu , Soriano-López Joaquín , Kathalikkattil Amal C. , Jin Guanghua , Wix Paul , Venkatesan Munuswamy , Lundy Ross , Morris Michael A. , Watson Graeme W. , Schmitt Wolfgang
Published: June 2020

A Mn coordination cluster whose core shares some features with the natural oxygen evolving complex provides a bio-inspired complex that promotes catalytic H2O oxidation at neutral pH value.
From polybenzimidazoles to polybenzimidazoliums and polybenzimidazolides
Authors: Aili David , Yang Jingshuai , Jankova Katja , Henkensmeier Dirk , Li Qingfeng
Published: June 2020

New and emerging technologies for electrochemical energy conversion processes and challenging separations have been major drivers for the tremendous development of new polybenzimidazole chemistries and materials in recent years.
Meniscus-guided coating of organic crystalline thin films for high-performance organic field-effect transistors
Authors: Lu Zhengjun , Wang Chaoqiang , Deng Wei , Achille Malo Tehinke , Jie Jiansheng , Zhang Xiujuan
Published: June 2020

In this review, recently reported strategies applied to control the morphology, molecule packing, and orientation of organic semiconductors thin films in the context of meniscus-guided coating techniques are summarized and discussed.
Cyano-functionalized small-molecule acceptors for high-efficiency wide-bandgap organic solar cells
Authors: Zhang Jun , Lv Jie , Dong Xiyue , Xu Tongle , Dai Xuexin , Duan Tainan , Kan Zhipeng , Liu Ping , Lu Shirong
Published: June 2020

Wide-bandgap non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) are in high demand for constructing efficient ternary or tandem organic solar cells (OSCs), yet the scarcity of them remains an important issue that needs exploration and perfection.
Morphology control of SERS-active 2D gold nanosnowflakes
Authors: Cohen-Pope Sullivan , Crockett John R. , Wang Maggie , Flynn Kaitlyn , Hoff Alexandra , Bao Ying
Published: June 2020

A rapid and effective synthesis approach for preparing 2D gold nanosnowflakes with fine controlled morphology and size.
Effect of ortho-biphenyl substitution on the excited state dynamics of a multi-carbazole TADF molecule
Authors: Woo Seung-Je , Ha Yeon-Hee , Kim Yun-Hi , Kim Jang-Joo
Published: June 2020

Multi-carbazole TADF molecules with an ortho-biphenyl local triplet scaffold exhibiting an EQE of 23.7% and a LT50 of 750 hours.
How Important Is Randomization of Swallows During Kinematic Analyses of Swallow Function?
Authors: Donohue Cara , Coyle James L.
Published: June 2020

Purpose

In dysphagia research involving kinematic analyses on individual swallow parameters, randomization is used to ensure judges are not influenced by judgments made for other parameters within the same swallow or by judgments made for other swallows from the same participant. Yet, the necessity of randomizing swallows to avoid bias during kinematic analyses is largely assumed and untested. This study investigated whether randomization of the order of swallows presented to judges impacts analyses of temporal kinematic events from videofluoroscopic swallow studies.

Method

One hundred twenty-seven swallows were analyzed from 18 healthy adults who underwent standardized videofluoroscopic swallow studies. Swallows were first analyzed by two trained raters sequentially, analyzing all kinematic events within each swallow, and then a second time in random order, measuring one kinematic event at a time. Intrarater reliability measurements were calculated between random and sequential swallow judgments for all kinematic events using intraclass correlation coefficient and percent exact agreement within a three-frame tolerance.

Results

Intraclass correlation coefficients (1.00) and percent exact agreement (89%) were excellent for all kinematic events between analyses methods, indicating there were no significant differences in measurements performed in random or sequential order.

Conclusions

This study provides preliminary evidence that randomization may be unnecessary during temporal swallow kinematic data analyses for research, which may lead to more efficient analyses and dissemination of findings, and alignment of findings with clinical interpretations. Replication of this design with swallows from people with dysphagia would strengthen the generalizability of the results.
Facing problems in the determination of stellar temperatures and gravities: Galactic globular clusters
Authors: Mucciarelli A. , Bonifacio P.
Published: June 2020

We analysed red giant branch stars in 16 Galactic globular clusters, computing their atmospheric parameters both from the photometry and from excitation and ionisation balances. The spectroscopic parameters are lower than the photometric ones and this discrepancy increases with decreasing metallicity, reaching differences of ~350 K in effective temperature and ~1 dex in surface gravity at [Fe/H] ~ –2.5 dex. We demonstrate that the spectroscopic parameters are inconsistent with the position of the stars in the colour-magnitude diagram, providing overly low temperatures and gravities, and predicting that the stars are up to about 2.5 magnitudes brighter than the observed magnitudes. The parameter discrepancy is likely due to inadequacies in the adopted physics; in particular the assumption of a one-dimensional geometry could be the origin of the observed slope between iron abundances and excitation potential that leads to low temperatures. However, the current modelling of 3D/NLTE radiative transfer for giant stars seems to be unable to totally erase this slope. We conclude that the spectroscopic parameters are incorrect for metallicity lower than –1.5 dex and that photometric temperatures and gravities should be adopted for these red giant stars. We provide a simple relation to correct the spectroscopic temperatures in order to put them onto a photometric scale.
Distribution and genetic diversity of two species ofPelasgusminnows (Leuciscidae) in southern Greece
Authors: Viñuela Rodríguez Nuria , Šanda Radek , Zogaris Stamatis , Vukić Jasna
Published: June 2020

PelasgusKottelat & Freyhof 2007 (Leuciscidae) is a freshwater fish genus endemic to the Southern Balkans. The distribution of most of its species is insufficiently known.Pelasguswas molecularly studied only marginally, and the genetic diversity of individual species or populations, crucial for their conservation, is completely unknown. We studied distribution and genetic diversity ofPelasgus stymphalicus(Valenciennes 1844) andPelasgus marathonicus(Vinciguerra 1921), two widespread species from southern Greece. Our data, based oncytochrome bsequences, confirmed that a number of populations whose taxonomic status had been uncertain, belong to one of these species. The distribution range ofP. stymphalicusincludes the Ionian mainland, from the Acheloos to Mornos rivers, and most of the Peloponnese, excluding the Evrotas and the headwaters of Alfios. The native range ofPelasgus marathonicusis the western Aegean mainland, from rivers near Athens to the Xerias river in the Pagasitikos Gulf. AMOVA showed that the genetic variance is slightly higher among than between populations. HighFSTvalues indicated a pronounced genetic differentiation of the populations in both species. There was a high proportion of private haplotypes and a very small number of shared haplotypes between populations in both species, which indicates uniqueness of each population and their susceptibility to human-induced changes.
Irène Curie (1897-1956)
Authors: Fabre Claude
Published: June 2020

Irène Curie nait à Paris en 1897. Elle est la fille ainée de Pierre Curie et Marie Sklodowska-Curie. Une année auparavant, Henri Becquerel a découvert un rayonnement étrange émis par les sels d’uranium. Marie décide d’en faire le sujet de ses travaux de thèse, bientôt suivie par Pierre, qui laisse de côté ses recherches sur le magnétisme.
La nano-optique sous la pointe d’un microscope à effet tunnel
Authors: Le Moal Eric , Boer-Duchemin Elizabeth
Published: June 2020

Le microscope à effet tunnel (STM) n’est pas seulement un outil de sciences des surfaces qui produit de magnifiques images résolues à l’échelle atomique. Le courant tunnel sous la pointe du STM est également une source d’excitation optique extrêmement locale, ce qui en fait un extraordinaire outil de la nano-optique. Ici, nous donnons un aperçu des possibilités de cet outil en plasmonique et en électroluminescence, lorsque STM et microscopie optique sont associés dans un même instrument.
La microscopie de photoémission d’électrons, un outil multidimensionnel pour l’optique champ proche
Authors: Losquin Arthur , Douillard Ludovic
Published: June 2020

La microscopie de photoémission d’électrons constitue une technique non intrusive d’investigation du champ proche optique. Son domaine d’application actuel autorise une approche physique multidimensionnelle des phénomènes d’optique de champ proche aux échelles spatiale (nm), temporelle (fs) et spectrale (meV).
Deliberative democracy and historical perspectives on American Indian/Alaska native political decision-making practices
Authors: Reedy Justin , Orr Raymond , Spicer Paul , Blanchard Jessica W. , Hiratsuka Vanessa Y. , Ketchum Terry S. , Saunkeah Bobby , Wark Kyle , Woodbury R. Brian
Published: June 2020

Public deliberation has risen to the forefront of governance as a technique for increasing participation in policy making. Scholars and practitioners have also noted the potential for deliberation to give greater influence to historically marginalized populations, such as Indigenous peoples. However, there has been less attention paid to the potential fit between the ideals of deliberation and the governance and decision making practices of American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) peoples. In this paper, we begin to address this gap by analyzing accounts of AI/AN governance from the perspective of deliberation, and note areas of overlap, synergy, and conflict. We conduct a close reading of key historical and ethnographic accounts of four historical AI/AN contexts—the Iroquois Confederation under the Great Law of Peace, 19th century accounts of the Ojibwa village, the Santa Clara Pueblo government in pre-19th century, and Yup’ik village life in the early 20th century—and a more contemporary case in the form of the Santa Clara Pueblo’s Constitution from the Indian Reorganization Act period. We then apply two sets of key criteria for deliberative democracy—from the scholars Robert Dahl and John Gastil—to these accounts and note the ways in which each system is or is not congruent with these frameworks of deliberation. We find variations between these historical tribal contexts in our analysis. Social components of deliberation, such as respectful discussion and equal opportunities to participate, were partially or fully present in many accounts of governance practices, but it was less clear whether the analytic components, such as discussion of a range of solutions, were included in some forms of tribal governance. We then explore the potential implications of our findings for public deliberation within and in AI/AN tribes. We note that deliberative scholars and practitioners should be wary of overgeneralizing about AI/AN tribes.
Construction of one-dimensional random walk lattices using DNA algorithmic self-assembly
Authors: Raza Muhammad Tayyab , Tandon Anshula , Son Junyoung , Park Suyoun , Lee Sungjin , Cho Hyunjae , Ha Tai Hwan , Park Sung Ha
Published: June 2020

Algorithmic DNA lattices are constructed using pre-defined rules such as COPY, NOT, and XOR, where patterns are predicted based on initial values. However, the experimental implementation of an unpredictable random walk pattern (which is the implementation of a random rule, i.e., equally probable to move toward either the left or right in 1D systems) in DNA has not been reported yet. Here, we construct DNA lattices with DNA rule tiles implemented using the random rule. Patterns are visualized by atomic force microscopy. Finally, we discussed the average displacement, mean-square displacement, and number of displacement occurrences of experimental as well as simulated 1D random walk. The encoded information in sticky ends of DNA rule tiles demonstrates the feasibility of universal computation through DNA algorithmic self-assembly, which could be extremely beneficial in future computations.