bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rancang Bangun Infrastruktur Big Data pada Institusi Pendidikan Tinggi Multi Kampus
Authors: Kristiyanto Daniel Yeri , Suhartono Bambang
Published: October 2021

Nowadays is referred to as the era of big data where every individual or organization produces large amounts of data through various digital devices used. Higher education institutions continuously produce data and only strore it in various data formats and physical files, thus creating massive raw data. Collection of data created from a long time produces big data, so it is difficult to be treated manually or processed using conventional data processing applications. Higher education is an educational institution that always produces data from time to time continuously through various affairs in each of its parts. Multi campus institutions have physical locations that are far apart from one to another with more than one physical infrastructure. Each campus branch produces its own data, this requires a though about how to build a large data infrastructure, so that stakeholders can use various data from each branch of the campus for the analysis process of various needs of tertiary institutions. Multi campus big data infrastructure is the focus of this research, through the stages of big data sampling on multiple campuses using statistical and prototyping methods, so that data flow and data unity can be standardized in all branches of the campus by minimizing infrastructure constraints that are based on socioculture and spatial aspects.
Penentuan Kelas Unggulan Berbasis Decision Support System Dengan Metode Simple Additive Weighting (Saw)
Authors: Zufria Ilka , Hasugian Abdul Halim , Simanjuntak Salmah
Published: October 2021

MTs 2 state Medan Jl. Administrator No. 3 Medan Estate Complex is one of the school governments engaged in education. With the rapid development of technology that develops with the development of science and technology, we must prepare human resources who are able to compete excellently. In order for the formation of quality students, the superior class is a gap in efforts to improve the quality of education in Indonesia. To get quality students will not be separated from good religious knowledge, because if students do not have religious knowledge it will cause competent children to do things that are deviant, whereas in the hadith it has been stated that morals are higher in the placement of knowledge, then a student who does not there are morals then their knowledge will be in vain. This study is to see that to enter the superior class with several specified criteria, namely: Al-Quran test, IQ test, medical history, parent's income, Sem-Odd Value, Sem-Even Value. If these criteria are met, a student will be selected through the results of the ranking of each criterion. Because it takes too much time and the limited ability to see all aspects at one time that has been determined accurately, it causes several errors in decision making. Therefore, a decision support system for selecting a superior class is needed with the criteria determined by the MTs state 2 Medan school, by using the simple additive weighting method (SAW) which can help the school to determine superior class students quickly and accurately. By using the SAW method formula that is connected with each existing criterion to produce a decision in selecting the superior class student.Â Keywords: superior class, decision support system, SAW
Compresiones torácicas manuales versus podales: un análisis de la calidad durante la reanimación cardiopulmonar en un ambiente de simulación clínica
Authors: Cairol Andres , Morún Vargas Wendy , Sánchez Garro Ignacio
Published: October 2021

Introducción. Las compresiones torácicas manuales constituyen la maniobra estándar en reanimación de un paciente con parada cardiaca; sin embargo, se requiere de una cantidad específica de fuerza ejercida sobre el pecho para lograr la profundidad correcta, razón por la cual se han buscado alternativas a esta técnica como la compresión del tórax con el pie. Materiales y Métodos. El estudio incluyó una población de 34 estudiantes de Medicina de primer año, a quienes se les plante dos escenarios simulados: realizar 200 compresiones torácicas con las manos y, seguidamente, 200 compresiones torácicas con el pie tomando en cuenta los criterios de calidad de la reanimación cardiopulmonar; además, de manera análoga se realizó la toma de variables fisiológicas de los estudiantes, tanto antes como después de la serie de compresiones torácicas manuales y podales. Resultados. El 61.76 % de los participantes percibió mayor dificultad al comprimir con las manos enmcontraste con los pies, asimismo, el 52.95 % de los estudiantes reportó más cansancio al comprimir con las manos que con el pie. La diferencia media entre la frecuencia cardiaca previo y posterior a la compresión con las manos fue de 28.8 lpm (IC95% 20.54 – 37.06) y de 26 lpm con el pie (IC95% 18.73 – 34.17). La diferencia media entre la presión arterial sistólica (PAS) antes y después de comprimir con las manos fue de 20.47 mmHg (IC95% 12.39 – 26.55) y para el pie 12.79 mmHg (IC95% 2.45 – 23.13). La media de la profundidad al comprimir con las manos fue de 5.16 cm (IC95% 4.84- 5.48) y para el pie 5.55 cm (IC95% 5.37 – 5.73), mientras que la frecuencia media de las compresiones con las manos fue de 114.98 por minuto (IC95% 110.45- 119.47) y, en el caso de las podálicas, el valor obtenido fue de 113.38 por minuto (IC95% 108.82- 117.94). Conclusiones.Comprimir con las manos aumenta más la frecuencia cardiaca y la PAS y se aproxima más a la frecuencia cardiaca máxima; en términos de la profundidad y frecuencia de la compresión con las manos o con el pie no hubo una diferencia significativa, ya que ambos escenarios se mantuvieron dentro de los parámetros de calidad.
Herramientas sencillas para la interpretación estadística aplicadas a las ciencias de la salud. Primera parte
Authors: Cairol Andres , Morún Vargas Wendy , Villalobos Ugalde Maureen , Loaiza Sáenz Luis Felipe , Segura Pérez Edward
Published: October 2021

Introducción: En la actualidad la medicina basada en la evidencia se basa en la utilización de la estadística para lograr demostrar o refutar alguna hipótesis, análisis o evidencia científica, por lo que es indispensable que un medico general tenga las bases solidad en este tema. Desarrollo: en esta revisión bibliográfica se describirá estadística descriptiva como la media, mediana, moda, entre otras medidas estadísticas y además las medidas de asociación mas utilizadas en los estudios médicos como el odds ratio, riesgo relativo y otros. Conclusión: el médico que adolece de análisis estadístico esta destinado a creer ciegamente en las conclusiones y análisis de los autores de una investigación clínica, cuando muchas veces la información o las conclusiones no necesariamente son estadísticamente correctas, aspecto que hace de vital importancia que el medico general comprenda lo detallado en esta revisión bibliográfica.
GIS based pest-weather model to predict the incidence of Girdle beetle (Oberiopsis brevis) in Soybean crop
Authors: RAM MANOHAR PATEL  , A. N. SHARMA  , PURUSHOTTAM SHARMA
Published: October 2021

Girdle beetle (Oberiopsis brevis) is an important insect of soybean that can cause up to 42.2% yield loss in severe infestation during flowering stage. The infestation of girdle beetle is prevailed by congenial environmental conditions, which leads girdle beetle to be the severe pest of soybean. The present study assesses the relevant weather variables that can cause the peak infestation. Crop Pest Surveillance and Advisory Project (CROPSAP) survey data of girdle beetle incidence were analyzed with weather variables using correlation and regression techniques. The girdle beetle infestation had significantly positive correlation with relative humidity of current and 2nd lag week (RH0, RH-2); and with rainfall of 2nd lag week (RF-2) but significantly negative correlation with maximum temperature of 1st lag week (TMax-1). The multiple regression technique was used to develop the forewarning models for three zones (Vidarbha, Madhya Maharashtra and Marathwada zones) and overall Maharashtra, the developed models could explain 80.30%, 94.62%, 73.56% and 79.56% variation in girdle beetle infestation, respectively. The congenial conditions for the peak infestation of girdle beetle on soybean have been worked out and validated, which were TMax0, RH0, RF0, RH-1, RF-1, TMax-2, and RF-2 ranged between 28.6-31.6 ºC, 85.2- 91.8 %, 31.8-119.2 mm, 86.3-92.6 %, 38.1-76.4 mm, 27.7-30.8ºC, and 23.3-60.7 mm, respectively. The insect forewarning would be useful in devising the integrated management strategies for protecting the crop from insect in the incidence region.
Modeling of aphid complex and its associated natural enemies in rapeseed-mustard in relation to climatic factors
Authors: SAURBH SONI  , SURJEET KUMAR  , AJAY KUMAR SOOD  , RANBIR SINGH RANA
Published: October 2021

Effect of climatic factors on population build-up of aphid complex of rapeseed-mustard viz. mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (Linnaeus), and green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and associated natural enemies (coccinellids, syrphids and a parasitoid, Diaeretiella rapae M’Intosh) was studied at Experimental Farm of CSK HPKV Palampur over a period of three years. Correlation coefficients indicated that the temperature favoured build-up of aphid population and their natural enemies while rainfall exerted negative impact. The population of coccinellids was negatively correlated with the population of L. erysimi and M. persicae while, positive correlation with B. brassicae was observed. On the other hand, population of syrphids was found to be positively correlated with aphid population. Predictive model using stepup regression analysis revealed that a weak relation in aphid population was attributed by weather parameters particularly minimum, maximum temperature and bright sunshine hours. Regression analysis revealed that 89 per cent variation in parasitization by D. rapae was attributed by minimum and maximum temperature, rainfall, relative humidity and bright sunshine hours.
A Learn App: Mobile augmented reality vocabulary learning application - Supported through Mada Innovation Program
Authors: Al-Thani Dena , Othman Achraf , Mohannadi Al-Dana
Published: October 2021

In cooperation with its strategic partners, Mada Center works to identify the needs of persons with disabilities for assistive technology and digital access solutions in Arabic. The center has supported start-ups and entrepreneurs to localize technological devices and solutions through the Mada Innovation Program, with the aim of improving digital accessibility for PWDs at the local, regional and international levels. This year, Mada and HBKU worked together to develop a mobile app using augmented reality technology and for the first time three dimensional AAC Symbols for learning purpose. The app is named A-Learn developed by Dr. Kamran Khowaja, Dr. Dena Al-Thani, and Dr. Siti Salwah Salim from Hamad Bin Khalifa University.
A review of assistive smart-home technology for people with physical and mobility disabilities
Authors: El Ghoul Oussama
Published: October 2021

Home automation, through computers, electronics, and telecommunications, is at the service of people with disability in terms of security, comfort, and social bonding. It is based on the ability to interact remotely with the house's equipment, which makes it "Smart". Thus, the fact of being able to activate equipment without moving by utilizing voice or a remote control allows reducing movements and therefore retain a certain autonomy.
Monitoring Radiation Doses during Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neurointerventional Procedures: Multicenter Study for Establishment of Reference Levels
Authors: Ihn Yon-Kwon , Kim Bum-soo , Jeong Hae Woong , Suh Sang Hyun , Won Yoo Dong , Lee Young-Jun , Kim Dong Joon , Jeon Pyong , Ryu Chang-Woo , Suh Sang-il , Choi Dae Seob , Choi See Sung , Kim Sang Heum , Byun Jun Soo , Rho Jieun , Song Yunsun , Jeong Woo Sang , Hong Noah , Baik Sung Hyun , Park Jeong Jin , Lim Soo Mee , Kim Jung-Jae , Yoon Woong
Published: October 2021

Purpose: To assess patient radiation doses during diagnostic and therapeutic neurointerventional procedures from multiple centers and propose dose reference level (RL).Materials and Methods: Consecutive neurointerventional procedures, performed in 22 hospitals from December 2020 to June 2021, were retrospectively studied. We collected data from a sample of 429 diagnostic and 731 therapeutic procedures. Parameters including dose-area product (DAP), cumulative air kerma (CAK), fluoroscopic time (FT), and total number of image frames (NI) were obtained. RL were calculated as the 3rd quartiles of the distribution.Results: Analysis of 1160 procedures from 22 hospitals confirmed the large variability in patient dose for similar procedures. RLs in terms of DAP, CAK, FT, and NI were 101.6 Gy·cm2, 711.3 mGy, 13.3 minutes, and 637 frames for cerebral angiography, 199.9 Gy·cm2, 3,458.7 mGy, 57.3 minutes, and 1,000 frames for aneurysm coiling, 225.1 Gy·cm2, 1,590 mGy, 44.7 minutes, and 800 frames for stroke thrombolysis, 412.3 Gy·cm2, 4,447.8 mGy, 99.3 minutes, and 1,621.3 frames for arteriovenous malformation (AVM) embolization, respectively. For all procedures, the results were comparable to most of those already published. Statistical analysis showed male and presence of procedural complications were significant factors in aneurysmal coiling. Male, number of passages, and procedural combined technique were significant factors in stroke thrombolysis. In AVM embolization, a significantly higher radiation dose was found in the definitive endovascular cure group.Conclusion: Various RLs introduced in this study promote the optimization of patient doses in diagnostic and therapeutic interventional neuroradiology procedures. Proposed 3rd quartile DAP (Gy·cm2) values were 101.6 for diagnostic cerebral angiography, 199.9 for aneurysm coiling, 225.1 for stroke thrombolysis, and 412.3 for AVM embolization. Continual evolution of practices and technologies requires regular updates of RLs.
Automatic Identification and Filtration of COVID-19 Misinformation
Authors: Gulati Paras , O. Abiodun Adeyinka. , Ramkumar Saritha
Published: October 2021

The rapid spread of online fake news through some media platforms has increased over the last decade. Misinformation and disinformation of any kind is extensively propagated through social media platforms, some of the popular ones are Facebook and Twitter. With the present global pandemic ravaging the world and killing hundreds of thousands, getting fake news from these social media platforms can exacerbate the situation. Unfortunately, there has been a lot of misinformation and disinformation on COVID-19 virus implications of which has been disastrous for various people, countries, and economies. The right information is crucial in the fight against this pandemic and, in this age of data explosion, where TBs of data is generated every minute, near real time identification and tagging of misinformation is quintessential to minimize its consequences. In this paper, the authors use Natural Language Processing (NLP) based two-step approach to classify a tweet to be a potentially misinforming one or not. Firstly, COVID -19 tagged tweets were filtered based on the presence of keywords formulated from the list of common misinformation spread around the virus. Secondly, a deep neural network (RNN) trained on openly available real and fake news dataset was used to predict if the keyword filtered tweets were factual or misinformed.
Analysis of the Dynamic Landscape of Scientific Innovation in the Chip Domain
Authors: Mao Jianqi , Guo Xiaxia
Published: October 2021

Chip is the core of the electronic information industry, and its current "neck" phenomenon is rooted in the failure to keep up with basic research. This study aims to provide a clear landscape of the dynamics of scientific innovation in the chip domain. Specifically, this study uses bibliometrics, social network analysis, and SPLC algorithm-based master path analysis to analyze spatial and temporal trends, collaboration characteristics, knowledge flows, and mainstream research paths through the global output of scientific paper in the field of the chip. The results show that the scientific output in this field has grown significantly, the network size is expanding, a few countries/regions and organizations are in the main position of chip science innovation, and the research themes on the mainstream research paths are concentrated in chip manufacturing. The study can provide lessons for researchers, policymakers, and research funders.
Considerations for Stable Isotope Analysis of Human Hair
Authors: Saul Tiffany , Chesson Lesley , Steadman Dawnie , Gordon Gwyneth
Published: October 2021

Stable isotope analysis of postmortem hair is performed in order to make inferences about an individual’s diet and geographic travel history prior to death. During analysis and interpretation, investigators assume that the hair collected from a postmortem environment has not been altered by exposure conditions and that the isotopic “signatures” of hair prior to exposure are preserved in postmortem samples. In order to confidently make inferences from postmortem hair samples, it is necessary to know whether their isotope ratios undergo postmortem changes. To address this question, post-exposure hair samples (n = 44) were collected from known body donors at the Anthropology Research Facility in Knoxville, Tennessee, USA, at various time points ranging from 22 to 1,140 days of exposure. These samples were analyzed for carbon (δ13C), nitrogen (δ15N), hydrogen (δ2H), and oxygen (δ18O) isotope ratios, and the results were compared with pre-exposure hair samples collected from the same donors. This study highlights considerations for the interpretation of isotope ratios obtained from postmortem hair samples in forensic contexts. The results indicate that δ13C, δ15N, and δ18O values from human hair remain relatively consistent over periods up to three years of outdoor exposure, while δ2H values changed significantly between pre-and post-exposure hair samples.
Los conflictos en los destinos turísticos durante la pandemia de la COVID-19 desde la perspectiva de los movimientos sociales. El caso de Málaga
Authors: Santos Izquierdo Bueno Fátima , Montiel Cesares Marina , Romero Padilla Yolanda
Published: October 2021

Los espacios urbanos han experimentado un considerable crecimiento turístico en las últimas décadas, especialmente tras la crisis económica de 2008, momento a partir del cual comenzaron a intensificarse las voces críticas. Los movimientos sociales de resistencia denunciaban los efectos negativos del modelo turístico imperante. Ahora, la crisis provocada por la Covid-19 ha contribuido a visibilizar la fragilidad y conflictos presentes en estos destinos. El estudio pretende responder a la pregunta de si la Covid-19 ha supuesto un cambio en la percepción de los movimientos sociales sobre los conflictos en los espacios turísticos. Se utiliza para ello un enfoque cualitativo aplicado a movimientos sociales del ámbito de estudio de Málaga. Los resultados de la revisión teórica son coincidentes con lo observado en el caso de estudio. Existe una dicotomía en cuanto a la percepción de cómo será el escenario post-Covid basada en dos elementos. Por un lado, la continuidad e incluso intensificación que están experimentando las dinámicas del modelo de crecimiento turístico-inmobiliario presentes en el contexto pre-pandemia. Por otro, las oportunidades para transformar el sector turístico dada la fragilidad mostrada durante la crisis sanitaria, así como por la progresiva concienciación social sobre la emergencia climática.
Les transformations résidentielles et urbaines d’une ville moyenne : Trois-Rivières et le spectre de la gentrification
Authors: Goyer Renaud
Published: October 2021

Les recherches sur la gentrification au Québec se sont concentrées sur les transformations des quartiers centraux de Montréal et, dans une moindre mesure, sur la ville de Québec et certaines municipalités rurales. La question de la revitalisation à potentiel gentrificateur dans les villes moyennes est beaucoup moins présente dans les écrits. Dans les dernières années, à la suite de la réalisation de différents projets résidentiels et touristiques à Trois-Rivières, les défis liés aux impacts de ces derniers pour les habitants des quartiers avoisinants ont été débattus. Pour redynamiser les quartiers centraux, après plusieurs années pendant lesquelles le développement résidentiel trifluvien s’était effectué essentiellement en périphérie, les autorités municipales ont favorisé la revitalisation du centre-ville à travers la mise en valeur d’une ancienne friche industrielle (liée aux pâtes et papiers). À travers une description du quartier Sainte-Cécile et une analyse des repères normatifs des acteurs impliqués dans ce processus de revitalisation, nous évaluons la présence de la gentrification dans les débats autour des transformations urbaines à Trois-Rivières.
Une relation trouble au colonialisme : histoire francophone des idées au Canada et présences autochtones : Zebedee Nungak, Contre le colonialisme dopé aux stéroïdes. Le combat des Inuit du Québec pour leurs terres ancestrales, Montréal, Boréal, 2019, 181 p.Claude Couture, Srilata Ravi et François Pageau, Autour de l’oeuvre d’Yvan Lamonde. Colonialisme et modernité au Canada depuis 1867, Québec, Presses de l’Université Laval, 2019, 234 p.
Authors: Melançon Jérôme
Published: October 2021

La lecture deLe colonialisme dopé aux stéroïdesde Zebedee Nungak et du collectifAutour de l’oeuvred’Yvan Lamondemontre l’écart qui existe entre deux approches du colonialisme. Si l’on met à part les études qui portent directement sur les peuples autochtones, la relation des Québécoises et Québécois avec le colonialisme peut être qualifiée de trouble : ces derniers se disent victimes du colonialisme, mais cela rend opaque le rôle que le Québec – et la francophonie canadienne – jouent dans le cadre plus large d’un colonialisme d’origine européenne. Si l’oeuvre de Lamonde est riche d’une connaissance approfondie de l’histoire des idées au Québec, elle ne sort pas de ce cadre étroit. Un élargissement des manières de penser l’histoire des idées est possible si l’on se tourne vers les penseuses et penseurs autochtones, qui ne cessent de convier à l’échange en partageant leur expérience et leur compréhension du colonialisme.
Entre hermética y hermenéutica: diseño de un laboratorio digital de los medios en ciencias humanas
Authors: Cebral-Loureda Manuel
Published: October 2021

Tema principal del artículo: Siendo la hermenéutica una de las corrientes más importantes en la investigación y estudio de las ciencias humanas, se la contrapone a la corriente hermética, de menos prestigio académico y, supuestamente, menor rigor científico. Sin embargo, el artículo muestra un gran número de autores y estudios que avalan un acercamiento a los estudios humanísticos de manera más próxima a la tradición hermética. En ellos, el uso de las tecnologías resulta clave como parte de la puesta en práctica del conocimiento y la comunicación.

Desarrollo lógico del tema: Para mostrar esta contraposición, se exponen las bases teóricas de la hermenéutica así como de corrientes alternativas más próximas a la hermética para acercarse, finalmente, a la idea de un tiempo profundo de la tecnología que vincula las tendencias contemporáneas de las ciencias humanas con los planteamientos e intuiciones de la antigua tradición hermética.

Punto de vista y aportaciones del autor: En base a los hallazgos teóricos alcanzados, se detalla la propuesta de un laboratorio de los medios para ciencias humanas fuertemente caracterizado por la presencia de tecnologías interactivas e inmersivas, así como por el uso de biodatos y la monitorización neurocognitiva.

Repercusiones y conclusiones: Se destaca la importancia de entender la tecnología como algo intrínseco a lo humano, precondición de todo acto de conocimiento y comunicación y, por ello, la necesidad de su reapropiación y recreación constante, garantizando la continuidad del conocimiento a través del tiempo.

Clasificación JEL: I2; I23
Festivales de música y marketing experiencial: efectos para marca, organizador y espectador
Authors: Valderrama Santomé Mónica , Crespo-Pereira Verónica
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: El artículo analiza el impacto del marketing experiencial, a través del patrocinio de festivales de música, como vía idónea para el fomento relaciones positivas para organizadores, marcas y asistentes.

Diseño/metodología/enfoque: El presente estudio realiza, a través de una revisión bibliográfica, entrevistas en profundidad y estudio de casos, un recorrido sobre el valor de los festivales como impulsor de experiencias positivas entre las partes. Los casos objetos de estudio se aplica sobre dos festivales de música que asumen formatos diversos. Uno que se presta a los criterios estándares de los festivales de música (el Arena Sound) y, otro formato que se aleja de los formatos más comerciales y convencionales (el WOS Festival x Son Estrella).

Resultados: El vínculo positivo en un evento elegido por la audiencia donde la participación activa del usuario es evidente, desde la espera para poder adquirir el producto hasta su disfrute, es un filón para la marca en un sentido publicitario. La atribución de esa presencia física o virtual, así como la relación como promotor de la existencia de ese festival quedarán asociadas en la mente de ese consumidor. La simbiosis marca-música-experiencia es altamente productiva para anunciantes, organizadores y espectadores. Al organizador le aporta notoriedad y publicity, a la marca afinidad e impacto en soportes y al público una experimentación de ocio que compartirá con gran probabilidad en sus redes generando contenido prescriptor entre sus pares. De partida todo indica que es una asociación win-win para todos los actores de la acción.

Limitaciones/implicaciones: las limitaciones del artículo se circunscriben a la muestra abordada que, si bien no es generalizable al conjunto de festivales de música, permiten aproximarse a una realidad concreta desde una perspectiva cualitativa

Originalidad/contribución: Este texto contribuye a un campo de estudio poco abordado en la literatura académica, los festivales de música como generador de marketing experiencial. Se aporta una clasificación propia sobre los efectos del patrocinio en este tipo de eventos sobre las marcas, asistentes y festivales.

Clasificación JEL: M31
The effectiveness of systemic and endovascular intra-arterial thrombectomy protocol for decreasing door-to-recanalization time duration
Authors: Kim Su Chel , Lee Chang-Young , Kim Chang-Hyun , Sohn Sung-Il , Hong Jeong-Ho , Park Hyungjong
Published: October 2021

Objective: Variable treatment strategies and protocols have been applied to reduce time durations in the process of acute stroke management. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of our intra-arterial thrombectomy (IAT) protocol for decreasing door-to-recanalization time duration and improve successful recanalization.Methods: A systemic and endovascular protocol included door-to-image, image-to-puncture and puncture-to-recanalization. We retrospectively analyzed the patients of pre- (Sep 2012–Apr 2014) and post-IAT protocol (May 2014–Jul 2018). Univariate analysis was used for the statistical significance according to variable factors (age, gender, the location of occluded vessel, successful recanalization TICI 2b-3). Independent t-test was used to compare the time duration.Results: Among all 267 patients with acute stroke of anterior circulation, there were 50 and 217 patients with pre- and post-IAT protocol. Age, gender, and the location of occluded vessel have no statistical significance (p＞0.05). In pre- and post-IAT group, successful recanalization was 39 of 50 (78.0%) and 185/217 (85.3%), respectively (p＜0.05). Post-IAT (48.8%, 106/217) group had a higher tendency of good outcome than pre-IAT group (36.0%, 18/50) (p＞0.05). Pre- and post-IAT group showed 61.7±21.4 vs. 25±16.0 (p＜0.05), 102.0±29.8 vs. 82.7±30.4 (min) (p＜0.05), and 79.1±47.5 vs. 58.4±75.3 (p＜0.05) in three steps, respectively.Conclusions: We suggest that the application of systemic and endovascular IAT protocols showed a significant time reduction for faster recanalization in patients with LVO. To build-up the well-designed IAT protocol through puncture-to-recanalization can be needed to decrease time duration and improve clinical outcome in recanalization therapy in acute stroke patients.
Transvenous coil embolization of hypoglossal canal dural arteriovenous fistula using detachable coils: A case report
Authors: Kye Su Min , Ahn Jun Hyong , Lee Heui Seung , Kim Ji Hee , Oh Jae Keun , Song Joon Ho , Chang In Bok
Published: October 2021

The hypoglossal canal (HC) is an unusual location of the posterior fossa dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF), which usually occurs in the transverse or sigmoid sinus. Herein, we report a case of HC dural AVF successfully treated with transvenous coil embolization using detachable coils in a 68-year-old woman who presented with headache and left pulsatile tinnitus for 2 months. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cerebral angiography revealed left HC dural AVF. The pulsatile bruit disappeared immediately after the procedure. Follow-up MRI showed complete disappearance of the fistula. Precise localization of the fistula through careful consideration of the anatomy and transvenous coil embolization using a detachable coil can facilitate the treatment for HC dural AVF.
A study on the proper catheter position in minimally invasive surgery using stereotactic aspiration plus urokinase for intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Rho Sihyun , Kim Tae Sun , Joo Sung Pil , Gong Tae Sik , Kim Hyo Joon , Park Min
Published: October 2021

Objective: The surgical method for treating spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is not well established despite ICH’s high prevalence and poor prognosis. Minimally invasive surgery has recently received attention; however, literature on this method is scarce. In particular, the appropriate location of the catheter in the hematoma has not been described. We examined whether the catheter position affects the hematoma reduction in a hematoma ＞50 cc.Methods: We investigated the prognoses of 36 patients with ICH who underwent stereotactic aspiration and hematoma drainage using urokinase from January 2010 to December 2018 and the hematoma reduction rates according to the tube position. Two methods evaluated the position of the catheter. In the first method, the hematoma was an imaginary sphere. The center point was set as the operation target. We evaluated the catheter position by determining whether it was in the deep part or the outer part of the half point from that location to the hematoma margin. In the second method, we evaluated whether the catheter was located 1 cm inside the hematoma margin.Results: In both the first and second evaluations, there were no differences in age, midline shift, intraventricular hemorrhage status, hematoma volume on admission, Glasgow Coma Scale score on admission, time to operation after symptom onset, and systolic blood pressure. The rates of decrease in bleeding and the prognoses were also not significantly different.Conclusions: If the catheter is in the hematoma, the rate of hematoma reduction at any position is similar.
Septal cholinergic input to CA2 hippocampal region controls social novelty discrimination via nicotinic receptor-mediated disinhibition
Authors: Pimpinella Domenico , Mastrorilli Valentina , Giorgi Corinna , Coemans Silke , Lecca Salvatore , Lalive Arnaud L , Ostermann Hannah , Fuchs Elke C , Monyer Hannah , Mele Andrea , Cherubini Enrico , Griguoli Marilena
Published: October 2021

Acetylcholine (ACh), released in the hippocampus from fibers originating in the medial septum/diagonal band of Broca (MSDB) complex, is crucial for learning and memory. The CA2 region of the hippocampus has received increasing attention in the context of social memory. However, the contribution of ACh to this process remains unclear. Here, we show that in mice, ACh controls social memory. Specifically, MSDB cholinergic neurons inhibition impairs social novelty discrimination, meaning the propensity of a mouse to interact with a novel rather than a familiar conspecific. This effect is mimicked by a selective antagonist of nicotinic AChRs delivered in CA2. Ex vivo recordings from hippocampal slices provide insight into the underlying mechanism, as activation of nAChRs by nicotine increases the excitatory drive to CA2 principal cells via disinhibition. In line with this observation, optogenetic activation of cholinergic neurons in MSDB increases the firing of CA2 principal cells in vivo. These results point to nAChRs as essential players in social novelty discrimination by controlling inhibition in the CA2 region.
RNF43 inhibits WNT5A-driven signaling and suppresses melanoma invasion and resistance to the targeted therapy
Authors: Radaszkiewicz Tomasz , Nosková Michaela , Gömöryová Kristína , Vondálová Blanářová Olga , Radaszkiewicz Katarzyna Anna , Picková Markéta , Víchová Ráchel , Gybeľ Tomáš , Kaiser Karol , Demková Lucia , Kučerová Lucia , Bárta Tomáš , Potěšil David , Zdráhal Zbyněk , Souček Karel , Bryja Vítězslav
Published: October 2021

RNF43 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase and known negative regulator of WNT/β-catenin signaling. We demonstrate that RNF43 is also a regulator of noncanonical WNT5A-induced signaling in human cells. Analysis of the RNF43 interactome using BioID and immunoprecipitation showed that RNF43 can interact with the core receptor complex components dedicated to the noncanonical Wnt pathway such as ROR1, ROR2, VANGL1, and VANGL2. RNF43 triggers VANGL2 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation and clathrin-dependent internalization of ROR1 receptor and inhibits ROR2 activation. These activities of RNF43 are physiologically relevant and block pro-metastatic WNT5A signaling in melanoma. RNF43 inhibits responses to WNT5A, which results in the suppression of invasive properties of melanoma cells. Furthermore, RNF43 prevented WNT5A-assisted development of resistance to BRAF V600E and MEK inhibitors. Next, RNF43 acted as melanoma suppressor and improved response to targeted therapies in vivo. In line with these findings, RNF43 expression decreases during melanoma progression and RNF43-low patients have a worse prognosis. We conclude that RNF43 is a newly discovered negative regulator of WNT5A-mediated biological responses that desensitizes cells to WNT5A.
Purified EDEM3 or EDEM1 alone produces determinant oligosaccharide structures from M8B in mammalian glycoprotein ERAD
Authors: George Ginto , Ninagawa Satoshi , Yagi Hirokazu , Furukawa Jun-ichi , Hashii Noritaka , Ishii-Watabe Akiko , Deng Ying , Matsushita Kazutoshi , Ishikawa Tokiro , Mamahit Yugoviandi P , Maki Yuta , Kajihara Yasuhiro , Kato Koichi , Okada Tetsuya , Mori Kazutoshi
Published: October 2021

Sequential mannose trimming of N-glycan, from M9 to M8B and then to oligosaccharides exposing the α1,6-linked mannosyl residue (M7A, M6, and M5), facilitates endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation of misfolded glycoproteins (gpERAD). We previously showed that EDEM2 stably disulfide-bonded to the thioredoxin domain-containing protein TXNDC11 is responsible for the first step (George et al., 2020). Here, we show that EDEM3 and EDEM1 are responsible for the second step. Incubation of pyridylamine-labeled M8B with purified EDEM3 alone produced M7 (M7A and M7C), M6, and M5. EDEM1 showed a similar tendency, although much lower amounts of M6 and M5 were produced. Thus, EDEM3 is a major α1,2-mannosidase for the second step from M8B. Both EDEM3 and EDEM1 trimmed M8B from a glycoprotein efficiently. Our confirmation of the Golgi localization of MAN1B indicates that no other α1,2-mannosidase is required for gpERAD. Accordingly, we have established the entire route of oligosaccharide processing and the enzymes responsible.
Auditory sensory deprivation induced by noise exposure exacerbates cognitive decline in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Paciello Fabiola , Rinaudo Marco , Longo Valentina , Cocco Sara , Conforto Giulia , Pisani Anna , Podda Maria Vittoria , Fetoni Anna Rita , Paludetti Gaetano , Grassi Claudio
Published: October 2021

Although association between hearing impairment and dementia has been widely documented by epidemiological studies, the role of auditory sensory deprivation in cognitive decline remains to be fully understood. To address this issue we investigated the impact of hearing loss on the onset and time-course of cognitive decline in an animal model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), that is the 3×Tg-AD mice and the underlying mechanisms. We found that hearing loss induced by noise exposure in the 3×Tg-AD mice before the phenotype is manifested caused persistent synaptic and morphological alterations in the auditory cortex. This was associated with earlier hippocampal dysfunction, increased tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and redox imbalance, along with anticipated memory deficits compared to the expected time-course of the neurodegenerative phenotype. Our data suggest that a mouse model of AD is more vulnerable to central damage induced by hearing loss and shows reduced ability to counteract noise-induced detrimental effects, which accelerates the neurodegenerative disease onset.
Cryo-EM reconstructions of inhibitor-bound SMG1 kinase reveal an autoinhibitory state dependent on SMG8
Authors: Langer Lukas M , Bonneau Fabien , Gat Yair , Conti Elena
Published: October 2021

The PI3K-related kinase (PIKK) SMG1 monitors the progression of metazoan nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) by phosphorylating the RNA helicase UPF1. Previous work has shown that the activity of SMG1 is impaired by small molecule inhibitors, is reduced by the SMG1 interactors SMG8 and SMG9, and is downregulated by the so-called SMG1 insertion domain. However, the molecular basis for this complex regulatory network has remained elusive. Here, we present cryo-electron microscopy reconstructions of human SMG1-9 and SMG1-8-9 complexes bound to either a SMG1 inhibitor or a non-hydrolyzable ATP analog at overall resolutions ranging from 2.8 to 3.6 Å. These structures reveal the basis with which a small molecule inhibitor preferentially targets SMG1 over other PIKKs. By comparison with our previously reported substrate-bound structure (Langer et al.,2020), we show that the SMG1 insertion domain can exert an autoinhibitory function by directly blocking the substrate-binding path as well as overall access to the SMG1 kinase active site. Together with biochemical analysis, our data indicate that SMG1 autoinhibition is stabilized by the presence of SMG8. Our results explain the specific inhibition of SMG1 by an ATP-competitive small molecule, provide insights into regulation of its kinase activity within the NMD pathway, and expand the understanding of PIKK regulatory mechanisms in general.
The chromatin-remodeling enzyme Smarca5 regulates erythrocyte aggregation via Keap1-Nrf2 signaling
Authors: Ding Yanyan , Li Yuzhe , Zhao Ziqian , Cliff Zhang Qiangfeng , Liu Feng
Published: October 2021

Although thrombosis has been extensively studied using various animal models, our understanding of the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, using zebrafish model, we demonstrated that smarca5-deficient red blood cells (RBCs) formed blood clots in the caudal vein plexus. We further used the anti-thrombosis drugs to treat smarca5zko1049a embryos and found that a thrombin inhibitor, argatroban, partially prevented blood clot formation in smarca5zko1049a. To explore the regulatory mechanism of smarca5 in RBC homeostasis, we profiled the chromatin accessibility landscape and transcriptome features in RBCs from smarca5zko1049a and their siblings and found that both the chromatin accessibility at the keap1a promoter and expression of keap1a were decreased. Keap1 is a suppressor protein of Nrf2, which is a major regulator of oxidative responses. We further identified that the expression of hmox1a, a downstream target of Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway, was markedly increased upon smarca5 deletion. Importantly, overexpression of keap1a or knockdown of hmox1a partially rescued the blood clot formation, suggesting that the disrupted Keap1-Nrf2 signaling is responsible for the RBC aggregation in smarca5 mutants. Together, our study using zebrafish smarca5 mutants characterizes a novel role for smarca5 in RBC aggregation, which may provide a new venous thrombosis animal model to support drug screening and pre-clinical therapeutic assessments to treat thrombosis.
Fusion of tethered membranes can be driven by Sec18/NSF and Sec17/αSNAP without HOPS
Authors: Song Hongki , Wickner William T
Published: October 2021

Yeast vacuolar membrane fusion has been reconstituted with R, Qa, Qb, and Qc-family SNAREs, Sec17/αSNAP, Sec18/NSF, and the hexameric HOPS complex. HOPS tethers membranes and catalyzes SNARE assembly into RQaQbQc trans-complexes which zipper through their SNARE domains to promote fusion. Previously, we demonstrated that Sec17 and Sec18 can bypass the requirement of complete zippering for fusion (Song et al., 2021), but it has been unclear whether this activity of Sec17 and Sec18 is directly coupled to HOPS. HOPS can be replaced for fusion by a synthetic tether when the three Q-SNAREs are pre-assembled. We now report that fusion intermediates with arrested SNARE zippering, formed with a synthetic tether but without HOPS, support Sec17/Sec18-triggered fusion. This zippering-bypass fusion is thus a direct result of Sec17 and Sec18 interactions: with each other, with the platform of partially zippered SNAREs, and with the apposed tethered membranes. As these fusion elements are shared among all exocytic and endocytic traffic, Sec17 and Sec18 may have a general role in directly promoting fusion.
Electromagnetic Simulation of New Tunable Guide Polarizers with Diaphragms and Pins
Authors: Piltyay S. , Bulashenko A. , Shuliak V. , Bulashenko O.
Published: October 2021

In this article we present the results of mathematical simulation, development and optimization of a waveguide polarizer with a diaphragm and pins. A mathematical model was developed using the proposed approach on the example of a waveguide polarizer with one diaphragm and two pins. The diaphragm and pins were modeled as inductive or capacitive elements for two types of linear polarization of the fundamental modes. The applied model uses a wave scattering matrix. The total matrix of a polarizer was obtained using wave matrices of transmission of individual elements of the device structure. Using the elements of the common S-parameters the electromagnetic characteristics of the device, which is considered, were obtained. To check the performance of the developed mathematical model, it was simulated in a software using the finite element technique in the frequency domain. The designed structure of the polarizer is adjustable due to mechanical change in the length of the pins. The developed waveguide polarizer with one diaphragm and two pins provides a reflection coefficient of less than 0.36 and a transmission coefficient of more than 0.93 for two types of polarizations. Therefore, a new theoretical method was developed in the article for analysis of scattering matrix elements of a waveguide polarizer with diaphragms and pins. It can also be used for the development of new tunable waveguide polarizers, filters and other components with diaphragms and pins.
The potential habitat of desert locusts is contracting: predictions under climate change scenarios
Authors: Guan Jingyun , Li Moyan , Ju Xifeng , Lin Jun , Wu Jianguo , Zheng Jianghua
Published: October 2021

Desert locusts are notorious for their widespread distribution and strong destructive power. Their influence extends from the vast arid and semiarid regions of western Africa to northwestern India. Large-scale locust outbreaks can have devastating consequences for food security, and their social impact may be long-lasting. Climate change has increased the uncertainty of desert locust outbreaks, and predicting suitable habitats for this species under climate change scenarios will help humans deal with the potential threat of locust outbreaks. By comprehensively considering climate, soil, and terrain variables, the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model was used to predict the potential habitats of solitary desert locusts in the 2050s and 2070s under the four shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP126, SSP245, SSP370, and SSP585) in the CMIP6 model. The modeling results show that the average area under the curve (AUC) and true skill statistic (TSS) reached 0.908 ± 0.002 and 0.701, respectively, indicating that the MaxEnt model performed extremely well and provided outstanding prediction results. The prediction results indicate that climate change will have an impact on the distribution of the potential habitat of solitary desert locusts. With the increase in radiative forcing overtime, the suitable areas for desert locusts will continue to contract, especially in the 2070s under the SSP585 scenario, and the moderately and highly suitable areas will decrease by 0.88 × 106 km2 and 1.55 × 106 km2, respectively. Although the potentially suitable area for desert locusts is contracting, the future threat posed by the desert locust to agricultural production and food security cannot be underestimated, given the combination of maintained breeding areas, frequent extreme weather events, pressure from population growth, and volatile sociopolitical environments. In conclusion, methods such as monitoring and early warning, financial support, regional cooperation, and scientific prevention and control of desert locust plagues should be further implemented.
Removal or component reversal of local geomagnetic field affects foraging orientation preference in migratory insect brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens
Authors: Zhang Yingchao , Pan Weidong
Published: October 2021

Background

Migratory brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (N. lugens) annually migrates to Northeast Asia in spring and returns to Southeast Asia in autumn. However, mechanisms for orientation and navigation during their flight remain largely unknown. The geomagnetic field (GMF) is an important source of directional information for animals (including N. lugens), yet the magnetic compass involved has not been fully identified.

Methods

Here we assessed the influences of GMF on the foraging orientation preference of N. lugens by removing or component reversal of local GMF. At the same time, we examined the role of iron-sulfur cluster assembly1 (IscA1), a putative component of magnetoreceptor, in the foraging orientation preference of N. lugens under the controlled magnetic fields by RNA silencing (RNAi).

Results

We found that the near-zero magnetic field (NZMF) or vertical reversal of GMF could lead to N. lugens losing the foraging orientation preference, suggesting that a normal level of GMF, in the way of either intensity or inclination, was essential for the foraging orientation of N. lugens. Moreover, the gene knockdown of IscA1, also affected the foraging orientation preference of N. lugens, pointing out a potential role of IscA1 in the insects’ sensing of variation in the GMF.

Discussion

These results suggested a foraging orientation preference is associated with the GMF and revealed new insights into the relationship between the IscA1 and magnetosensitivity mechanism in N. lugens.