bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corporate Governance and Innovation in Malaysia
Authors: Shams Shamsullah , Senin Aslan Amat , Ziarmal Abdullah
Published: January 2025

Corporate governance are the internal systems or means that direct and control corporations. It specifies the rules and practices to ensure accountability, fairness, and transparency in a company’s relationship with its stakeholders. Innovation considered as the development of a new idea, device or method is deemed to be affected by corporate governance mechanisms both positively and negatively around the world. For Malaysia, there wasn’t any study undertaken to show how different mechanisms of corporate governance namely; ownership concentration and characteristics of the board of directors affect innovation. This study is carried out with the purpose to find out how corporate governance affects innovation for Malaysian listed companies. It is a quantitative study using a combination of convenience and systematic random sampling methods to collect data from a population of 993 companies listed in Bursa Malaysia. Probit regression analysis is used to analyze the data. It is found out that meetings frequency of the board of directors has a significant positive relationship with innovation for Malaysian listed companies implying that frequent board meeting results in patent registrations. For other corporate governance mechanisms, there weren’t sufficient evidences available to conclude a significant positive or negative relationship with innovation.
Endovascular electrocoagulation for the treatment of a basilar artery perforator aneurysm not accessible to the microcatheter
Authors: Dong Linggen , Shui Xinjun , Liu Jie , Wei Dachao , Zhao Yang , Lv Ming
Published: January 2025

Basilar artery perforator aneurysms (BAPAs) are rare and may be occult on initial imaging due to their small size and susceptibility to intermittent thrombosis.1 2 Conventional treatments for aneurysms (eg, clipping or coiling) have proved challenging.3 Recently, endovascular electrocoagulation has been shown to be effective for BAPAs.1 4 5 Here, we report a case of a ruptured BAPA not accessible to a microcatheter, which was successfully treated by endovascular electrocoagulation (video 1). During endovascular electrocoagulation, the tip of the microguidewire functions as an anode, facilitating thrombosis in the aneurysm or parent artery by attracting negatively charged blood particles after passage of an electric current.4 Postoperative immediate angiography showed that the aneurysm completely disappeared. Digital subtraction angiography was repeated 10 days later and showed no recurrence of the aneurysm. This case demonstrates that endovascular electrocoagulation can serve as a promising alternative to conventional endovascular techniques in selected cases if a microcatheter cannot be advanced into the aneurysm sac.

Video 1

Technical video demonstrating endovascular electrocoagulation for the treatment of a basilar artery perforator aneurysm not accessible to the microcatheter.
Online Learning Resource Recommendation Method Based on Learner Model
Authors: Zhang Mali
Published: January 2025

In the era of burgeoning digital educational resources, tailoring personalized learning experiences for individuals has emerged as a paramount concern. This paper delineates the development of an innovative online learning resource recommendation system, underpinned by an advanced learner model. The study leverages a gamut of data mining methodologies, encompassing both machine learning and user behavior analytics, to craft learner models of high personalization. These models intricately consider various facets such as the learner’s prior knowledge, learning style, interests, and historical learning interactions. Central to our system is a sophisticated recommendation algorithm. This algorithm amalgamates decision tree methodologies with state-of-the-art natural language processing techniques, effectively sifting through an extensive corpus of online learning materials to pinpoint resources that resonate with individual learner profiles. The system’s efficacy was rigorously tested across multiple online learning platforms. Empirical results from these tests unequivocally demonstrate that our system surpasses conventional recommendation approaches, particularly in augmenting learner engagement and satisfaction. This research contributes a novel paradigm to the personalized recommendation of online learning resources. Moreover, it furnishes invaluable insights into the ongoing evolution of educational technologies, marking a significant stride in the realm of digital learning.
OpenFOAM for optimization of aerodynamics design and fog harvesting technology
Authors: Muhammad Noor , Mustafa M. T.
Published: January 2025

Condensation occurs when the air temperature drops to its dew point, causing water vapors in the air to cool, lose kinetic energy, and transform into liquid droplets. This process is influenced by the relative humidity and temperature fluctuations, where lower temperatures reduce the air’s capacity to hold water vapor, resulting in the formation of liquid water droplets on cooler surfaces. The condensation process is fundamental to the operation of fog harvesting systems, where specialized meshes capture the transformed water droplets. However, the behavior of droplets attached to meshes under background airflow is not well understood. Consequently, controlling the motion and merging of these droplets with neighboring ones poses a significant challenge. In this study, for fog airflow, it is demonstrated that droplets on parallel meshes can aerodynamically interact with both downstream and upstream neighbors at different temperatures. These interactions lead to diverse behaviors, including alignment, coalescence, and repulsion. This study explores the key factors influencing the efficiency of material and design used for fog harvesting systems, and environmental conditions such as fog density and wind speed. The dynamical model includes the single-phase transport equation along with the [Formula: see text] SST (Shear Stress Transport (SST) k-omega) a subclass of RAS (Reynolds-Averaged Simulation) model. The computational analysis of fog harvesting mesh for water collection is performed in OpenFOAM (Open-source Field Operation And Manipulation). The Finite Volume Method (FVM) is employed for solution of the model to check the efficiency and effectiveness of fog harvesting computational designs. Using OpenFOAM, condensation, alignment and merging behaviors based on the interactions between wakes and droplets are visualized. The computational design enhances the surface area available for fog capture, thereby increasing the droplets collection efficiency and resulting in a higher yield of liquid water. The computational results obtained in this study can lead to more sustainable and efficient fog water collectors.
Designing artificial intelligence computing techniques to study heat transfer of a ternary hybrid nanofluid flow: Application of particle swarm optimization and artificial neural network
Authors: Rawat Sawan Kumar , Yaseen Moh , Pant Manish , Ujarari Chandan Singh
Published: January 2025

This paper investigates the steady, and three-dimensional non-Newtonian and Newtonian ternary nanofluid flow toward a bidirectionally stretching surface. The non-Newtonian model is developed using the Maxwell fluid model with engine oil and the Newtonian model is developed with water as a base fluid. The analysis is done with Aluminium oxide (Al2O[Formula: see text] (spherical-shaped), Carbon nanotubes (CNT) (cylindrical-shaped), and Graphene (platelet-shaped) as nanoparticles. The mathematical model is articulated and it is further solved with similarity transformations. Furthermore, the analysis considers the influence of the Cattaneo–Christov model, magnetic field, and thermal radiation. A dataset is generated by adjusting relevant parameters through the bvp4c function in MATLAB. Then two different artificial intelligence computing techniques using fuzzy particle swarm optimization (FPSO) and artificial neural network (ANN) are developed to analyze the Nusselt number for Newtonian and non-Newtonian flow. The dominant values of the radiation parameter and thermal relaxation parameter have a significant impact on the HT rate, causing an increase in HT rate. The HT rate is seen to be higher for non-Newtonian TNF. The results of this model can be used in various fields including energy generation, air conditioning, nuclear reactor cooling, electronic device cooling, tissue heat conduction, desalination, crop preservation from freezing, and food processing.
Optimization-Based Feature Selection and Classification with Modified Activation-Tuned Deep BiLSTM for Attack Detection in IoT
Authors: Priyanka  , Kumar Anoop
Published: January 2025

With the increasing demand for automated network systems in the Internet of Things (IoT), the models are becoming more complex and undergoing a tremendous change. Since the gadgets broadcast data wirelessly, they are easily targeted for attacks. Every day, thousands of attacks arise as a result of the addition of new protocols to the Internet of Things. This frequently makes the computing process more unreliable, ineffective and worse. The majority of these assaults are scaled-down versions of recognized cyberattacks from the past. This suggests that over time, even sophisticated systems like conventional systems will have trouble identifying even minute variations in attacks. However, Deep Learning (DL) has shown tremendous promise among attack detection techniques because of its early detection capability. Nevertheless, the efficacy of these DL methods is contingent upon the ability to gather vast amounts of labeled data from IoT sensors, requires more training time, and suffers from inaccuracies in detection. Hence, this research presents a modified activation function-based deep bidirectional long-short-term memory (Deep BiLSTM) model, which effectively captures the temporal dependencies and detect attacks effectively. Here, the modified activation function solves the vanishing gradient problem and high computational requirements. Specifically, the efficient features are extracted through the Ant-Chase optimization (AnChO), which assists in optimizing the BiLSTM model by tuning its parameters for attaining the best solution as well as to detect the attack in a precise manner with less computational time. Therefore, the accuracy, specificity, precision and recall of the proposed attack detection model attain the values of 96.46%, 97.40%, 97.91%, 95.05% and 97.465% correspondingly and the proposed system enhances IoT security by effectively detecting attacks.
Crop Mapping Using Advanced Deep Learning Framework in Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Madala Kranthi , Siva Ganga Prasad M.
Published: January 2025

An essential step in the agricultural monitoring system is identifying the crop type. However, the limiting physical features of images, as well as the lack of sufficient detail in a single-temporal image, limit their potential for crop mapping. Furthermore, time-series Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data may not be compatible with the existing approaches. Therefore, a novel approach to crop-type identification needs to be put forth in order to solve the aforementioned problems. To this extent, the presented proposed framework introduces a deep learning (DL) technique using the advanced framework for accurate crop mapping. At first, the input dataset is pre-processed based on data mining techniques like normalization and cleaning. Afterward, Bidirectional Gated Auto encoders (BiGAE) features are extracted from the pre-processed data. Consequently, feature selection uses an opposition learning-based mud ring algorithm (Opp-MR) to reduce the redundant data. Then, the selected data are clustered based on relevance using an adaptive Kernel fuzzy clustering (AkFC) technique. Finally, the goshawk integrated convolutional attention efficient net (GICANet) is performed using an advanced DL framework to map crops accurately. The performances are evaluated using the Python simulation platform. The proposed method improves the overall accuracy by 97.74%, whereas the existing models like ResNet, DenseNet, EfficientNetB0, EfficientNetB5, and EfficientNetB7 have obtained only lesser performance. The proposed GICANet classifier outperforms the other approaches utilizing two error metrics, RMSE (0.5) and MAE (1.5).
The Modern and Ancient Central-Mediterranean Gateways
Authors: Longhitano Sergio G. , Chiarella Domenico , Slootman Arnoud
Published: January 2025

Gateways, seaways, and straits are physical elements of sedimentary basins that are hierarchically distinguished based on their dimensions and temporal persistence. The term ‘gateway’ applies to any oceanographic or marine connection, regardless of its size (width and length), duration, and depth (shallow vs. deep water). Seaways are broad marine passages, spanning from 100s to 1000s of kilometres in width, and active in the range from 100s of years to 10s of kyr in geological time. Straits are narrower passageways, connecting sub-basins within larger marine areas, persisting for no longer than 10 kyr and producing a distinct sedimentary record as individual depositional systems.

In this paper, we focus on the Modern Central-Mediterranean Gateway (MCMG), nowadays represented by the coalescent Strait of Sicily, Egadi Islands and the Messina Strait. These connections, linking the western with the eastern Mediterranean sub-basins, drive continuous tidally-modulated water exchange and sediment transport, representing an example of a modern gateway. Then, we provide field-based examples of the sedimentary record of the former gateway, referred to as the Ancient Central-Mediterranean Gateway (ACMG), here represented by four major straits that developed during the Pliocene-Quaternary along localized grabens dissecting the southernmost edge of the Italian peninsula. We discuss the geological features of each of these straits, along with their depositional architectures and facies. These elements record the initiation of specific depositional processes, possibly enhanced by a stronger penetration of the Atlantic Water Inflow from the Gibraltar Strait, reinforced by the onset of the northern hemisphere glaciation.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Hormone Receptor–Positive HER2-Negative/MammaPrint High-2 Breast Cancers Closely Resemble Triple-Negative Breast Cancers
Authors: Rios-Hoyo Alejandro , Xiong Kaitlyn , Dai Jiawei , Yau Christina , Marczyk Michal , Garcia-Milian Rolando , Wolf Denise M. , Huppert Laura A. , Nanda Rita , Hirst Gillian L. , Cobain Erin F. , van ’t Veer Laura J. , Esserman Laura J. , Pusztai Lajos
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Figure 1
Supplementary Table S4 from Re-Irradiation Plus Pembrolizumab: A Phase II Study for Patients with Recurrent Glioblastoma
Authors: Iwamoto Fabio M. , Tanguturi Shyam K. , Nayak Lakshmi , Wang Tony J. , Desai Arati , Lustig Robert A. , Bagley Stephen , Wong Eric T. , Hertan Lauren M. , McCluskey Christine , Hayden Julia , Muzikansky Alona , Nakhawa Shreya , Japo Julia , Bossi Connor C. , Meylan Maxime , Tian Ye , Barlow Graham L. , Speliakos Paul , Ayoub Georges , Meredith David M. , Ligon Keith L. , Haas-Kogan Daphne , Huang Kun , Wucherpfennig Kai W. , Wen Patrick Y. , Reardon David A.
Published: January 2025

CODEX Pts
Supplementary Tables1 from Analysis of Shared Variants between Cancer Biospecimens
Authors: Foote Michael B. , White James Robert , Chatila Walid K. , Argilés Guillem , Lu Steve , Rousseau Benoit , Artz Oliver , Johannet Paul , Walch Henry , Patel Mitesh , Lamendola-Essel Michelle F. , Casadevall David , Abdelfattah Somer , Patel Shrey , Yaeger Rona , Cercek Andrea , Montagut Clara , Berger Michael , Schultz Nikolaus , Diaz Luis A.
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Table Data
Supplementary Table S2 from Re-Irradiation Plus Pembrolizumab: A Phase II Study for Patients with Recurrent Glioblastoma
Authors: Iwamoto Fabio M. , Tanguturi Shyam K. , Nayak Lakshmi , Wang Tony J. , Desai Arati , Lustig Robert A. , Bagley Stephen , Wong Eric T. , Hertan Lauren M. , McCluskey Christine , Hayden Julia , Muzikansky Alona , Nakhawa Shreya , Japo Julia , Bossi Connor C. , Meylan Maxime , Tian Ye , Barlow Graham L. , Speliakos Paul , Ayoub Georges , Meredith David M. , Ligon Keith L. , Haas-Kogan Daphne , Huang Kun , Wucherpfennig Kai W. , Wen Patrick Y. , Reardon David A.
Published: January 2025

CODEX antibodies
Supplementary Video S1 from Aberrant Activation of Wound-Healing Programs within the Metastatic Niche Facilitates Lung Colonization by Osteosarcoma Cells
Authors: Reinecke James B. , Jimenez Garcia Leyre , Gross Amy C. , Cam Maren , Cannon Matthew V. , Gust Matthew J. , Sheridan Jeffrey P. , Gryder Berkley E. , Dries Ruben , Roberts Ryan D.
Published: January 2025

Unaffected thick tissue epithelial z-stack
Supplementary Figure S6 from Quantitative and Morphology-Based Deep Convolutional Neural Network Approaches for Osteosarcoma Survival Prediction in the Neoadjuvant and Metastatic Settings
Authors: Coudray Nicolas , Occidental Michael A. , Mantilla Jose G. , Claudio Quiros Adalberto , Yuan Ke , Balko Jan , Tsirigos Aristotelis , Jour George
Published: January 2025

HPL-Atlas with annotations of HPCs by pathologists. A. For each HPC, annotations were made by two pathologists based on sets of 100 tiles randomly selected for each HPC. For the NYU dataset (left panels), two sets were drawn from the training cohort (color-coded in the upper part of each circle), and one from the test cohort (color-coded in the lower part of each circle, and highlighted by the black dotted line). B. Another set was selected from Charles University (right panels) and annotated by each pathologist (each side of the circle coding the annotation of a different pathologist). Each HPC was assigned a necrosis, viable or partially viable tumor label represented in the upper panel. C-D Additional annotations regarding the cell or tissue types are represented in the lower panels for each dataset.
Supplementary Figure S5 from Aberrant Activation of Wound-Healing Programs within the Metastatic Niche Facilitates Lung Colonization by Osteosarcoma Cells
Authors: Reinecke James B. , Jimenez Garcia Leyre , Gross Amy C. , Cam Maren , Cannon Matthew V. , Gust Matthew J. , Sheridan Jeffrey P. , Gryder Berkley E. , Dries Ruben , Roberts Ryan D.
Published: January 2025

Ligand-Receptor-Target (NicheNET) gene expression analysis
Supplementary Figure S4 from Quantitative and Morphology-Based Deep Convolutional Neural Network Approaches for Osteosarcoma Survival Prediction in the Neoadjuvant and Metastatic Settings
Authors: Coudray Nicolas , Occidental Michael A. , Mantilla Jose G. , Claudio Quiros Adalberto , Yuan Ke , Balko Jan , Tsirigos Aristotelis , Jour George
Published: January 2025

Top 144 tiles from necrosis regions assigned with the highest probability as poor (row 1) or bad (row 2) outcome by the AI, and belonging to patients with poor (column 1) or bad (column 2) outcome.
Figure S3 from Divergent Clinical and Immunologic Outcomes Based on STK11 Co-mutation Status in Resectable KRAS-Mutant Lung Cancers Following Neoadjuvant Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: Rosner Samuel , Connor Sydney , Sanber Khaled , Zahurak Marianna , Zhang Tianbei , Gurumurthy Isha , Zeng Zhen , Presson Brad , Singh Dipika , Rayes Roni , Sivapalan Lavanya , Pereira Gavin , Ji Zhicheng , Thummalapalli Rohit , Reuss Joshua E. , Broderick Stephen R. , Jones David R. , Deutsch Julie S. , Cottrell Tricia R. , Chaft Jamie E. , Spicer Jonathan , Taube Janis , Anagnostou Valsamo , Brahmer Julie R. , Pardoll Drew M. , Ji Hongkai , Forde Patrick M. , Marrone Kristen A. , Smith Kellie N.
Published: January 2025

Figure S3
O estudo diplomático de manuscritos de e sobre mulheres na América Portuguesa: cartas, respostas e informações
Authors: Cardenete Beatriz de Freitas , Motta Elisa Hardt Leitão , Monte Vanessa Martins do
Published: January 2025

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma análise diplomática de três espécies documentais: as cartas, as respostas e as informações, escritas entre meados do séc. XVIII e início do séc. XIX na América Portuguesa. As cartas são de autoria de mulheres, já as respostas e as informações foram anexadas a requerimentos movidos por mulheres. Apesar de possuírem estruturas semelhantes, o estudo diplomático que aqui apresentamos nos leva a concluir que se trata de documentos de tipologias distintas. Dialogamos com os trabalhos de Cardenete (2023), Carvalho (2020), Monte (2015), Tognoli (2014) e Tin (2005), e nos filiamos à abordagem da Diplomática Contemporânea (Duranti, 1991). Concluímos que, para de fato se fazer a crítica do documento, devemos partir dos próprios manuscritos e do escrutínio de sua estrutura textual e de sua materialidade.
Apresentação: Estudos em Fonética e Fonologia
Authors: Lima Júnior Ronaldo Mangueira , Svartman Flaviane Romani Fernandes
Published: January 2025

O volume 26, número 2, da revista Filologia e Linguística Portuguesa apresenta um conjunto de onze trabalhos que abordam temas concernentes à área de Fonética e Fonologia. Trata-se de um volume temático que abrange, em sua grande maioria, artigos que são frutos de trabalhos apresentados no V Encontro Intermediário do Grupo de Trabalho (GT) de Fonética e Fonologia da Associação Nacional de Pós-graduação e Pesquisa em Letras e Linguística (ANPOLL), realizado na Universidade de São Paulo (USP), em São Paulo (SP), nos dias 06 e 07 de dezembro de 2022, e no Encontro do GT de Fonética e Fonologia realizado no âmbito do 37o Encontro Nacional da ANPOLL (37o ENANPOLL), no período de 03 a 05 de outubro de 2023, na Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), em Niterói (RJ). Os organizadores do volume são Ronaldo Mangueira Lima Júnior (UnB - Universidade de Brasília) e Flaviane Romani Fernandes Svartman (USP - Universidade de São Paulo), respectivamente, coordenador e vice-coordenadora do já referido GT no período de realização dos eventos mencionados.
Os trabalhos do presente volume versam sobre temáticas diversas da área de fonética e fonologia do português e de línguas em contato e de línguas estrangeiras adquiridas como língua adicional por falantes nativos do português brasileiro, tais como: aspectos segmentais e suprassegmentais de variedades brasileiras e de línguas africanas em contato com o português, processos fonológicos do português brasileiro, relação entre fonologia e ortografia em português brasileiro, questões de produção e percepção na aquisição de língua estrangeira por falantes nativos de português brasileiro e aspectos fonético-fonológicos, de natureza segmental e suprassegmental, da fala atípica em português brasileiro. Tais trabalhos são uma amostra representativa do estado da arte dos estudos em fonética e fonologia realizados no Brasil e estão dispostos, neste volume, na ordem especificada a seguir.
Os efeitos do aprendizado das letras "e, o" na produção oral de vogais médias pretônicas e postônicas finais
Authors: Toledo Cecília
Published: January 2025

Este artigo investiga a influência do aprendizado das letras  na produção variável de vogais médias e altas pretônicas (ex: [me'ninʊ] ~ [mi'ninʊ]) e postônicas finais (ex: ['pato] ~ ['patʊ]) na fala do português brasileiro. Estudos já documentaram que, ao longo da escolarização, a escrita pode retroalimentar a fala (Chevrot; Beaud; Varga, 2000; Schiwindt et al., 2007; Adamoli, 2012). O presente texto avança em relação à literatura precedente por observar os efeitos da escrita na fala em dois contextos acentuais distintos: pretônico e postônico final. Foram coletados, experimentalmente, dados de fala e de escrita de alunos do 1°, 3°, 5°, 7° e 9° anos do Ensino Fundamental de Belo Horizonte - MG. Os resultados mostraram que os aprendizes aumentam a pronúncia de vogais médias, em relação à pronúncia de vogais altas, em contexto pretônico, mas não em contexto postônico final. Ancorando-se nos Modelos de Exemplares (Johnson, 1997; Bybee, 2001; Pierrehumbert, 2001), argumentamos que o conhecimento ortográfico pode auxiliar, probabilisticamente, na organização do conhecimento linguístico, contribuindo para o fortalecimento de categorias fonológicas. Contudo, a ortografia opera de maneira específica em cada categoria, tendo em vista que as categorias fonológicas são múltiplas, probabilísticas e dinâmicas.
O processamento lexical do acento em pseudopalavras a partir da leitura de falantes do português brasileiro
Authors: Benevides Aline de Lima
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho investigou, a partir de um estudo experimental, o papel da similaridade fonológica, da frequência de ocorrência da palavra base e da sílaba final na atribuição do acento primário em pseudopalavras a partir da produção de falantes nativos do português brasileiro. A métrica de criação das pseudopalavras baseou-se no estudo de Protopapas et al. (2006). As palavras a partir das quais as pseudopalavras foram criadas tinham alta ou baixa frequência de ocorrência, três sílabas de extensão. Contrastaram-se quatro grupos experimentais: i. similar de alta frequência; ii. dissimilar de alta frequência; iii. similar de baixa frequência; e iv. dissimilar de baixa frequência. Hipotetizou-se que pseudopalavras similares de alta frequência desencadeassem mais processos analógicos do que pseudopalavras dissimilares. Participaram do estudo 34 falantes, em uma tarefa de leitura. Os resultados demonstraram que a semelhança entre palavras reais e pseudopalavras desencadeia processos analógicos com a extensão do padrão acentual e que a frequência de ocorrência da palavra alvo e a sílaba final também são relevantes. Tais resultados trazem indícios de que o acento é armazenado juntamente com a palavra (isto é, é lexical) e de que os níveis segmental, silábico e acentual interagem na determinação do local em que o acento incide.
Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Prognostic and Diagnostic Assessments in Peripheral Artery Disease: A Scoping Review
Authors: Goffart Sebastien , Delingette Hervé , Chierici Andrea , Guzzi Lisa , Nasr Bahaa , Lareyre Fabien , Raffort Juliette
Published: January 2025

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a major public health concern worldwide, associated with high risk of mortality and morbidity related to cardiovascular and adverse limb events. Despite significant advances in both medical and interventional therapies, PAD often remains under-diagnosed, and the prognosis of patients can be difficult to predict. Artificial intelligence (AI) has brought a wide range of opportunities to improve the management of cardiovascular diseases, from advanced imaging analysis to machine-learning (ML)-based predictive models, and medical data management using natural language processing (NLP). The aim of this review is to summarize and discuss current techniques based on AI that have been proposed for the diagnosis and the evaluation of the prognosis in patients with PAD. The review focused on clinical studies that proposed AI-methods for the detection and the classification of PAD as well as studies that used AI-models to predict outcomes of patients. Through evaluation of study design, we discuss model choices including variability in dataset inputs, model complexity, interpretability, and challenges linked to performance metrics used. In the light of the results, we discuss potential interest for clinical decision support and highlight future directions for research and clinical practice.
Is intraoperative neuromonitoring the standard of care for pedicle screw placement surgery? A survey of neurosurgeons’ practices
Authors: Taylor Nicholas , Karimi Helen , Patel Jainith , Tingen Joseph , Castellanos Joseph D , Hamid Hiba F , Riesenburger Ron I , Kryzanski James
Published: January 2025

Spine surgery is highly litigious; misplaced screws and intraoperative neuromonitoring frequently feature in lawsuits. Intraoperative neuromonitoring aims to prevent injury but its standards are debated, and literature suggests its benefits are mixed. We surveyed its use among neurosurgeons from the Congress of Neurological Surgeons with Pearson’s chi-square test applied to analyse data within R. Among 188 respondents, 39.9% worked in private practice or academic institutions. Usage rates were 50.5% always, 27.7% never and 21.8% sometimes. Opinions on intraoperative neuromonitoring necessity varied, with 55% disagreeing and 32% agreeing. No differences were noted by practice type or location. Among intraoperative neuromonitoring users, 47% found it sensitive and specific, while 45% used it for medico-legal reasons. Of non-users, 26% preferred other technologies. Overall, the usage of intraoperative neuromonitoring is nuanced and opinions leaned more heavily toward its implementation not being a current standard of care in pedicle screw placement surgery.
Governing As If the Future Obliged the Present: A Scenario Exercise in Prefigurative Climate Policy
Authors: Reinekoski Tapio
Published: January 2025

Governing climate futures faces a double bind: the impending crises are both long term and acutely critical. Climate policy must thus anticipate futures as if they were available to be enacted in the present; that is, it must engage with prefigurative politics. Through an analytical reading of a climate policymaking exercise run with the leading policymakers of the City of Helsinki, this article advances the notion of prefiguration as consisting of three dimensions of the ‘as if’. It directs empirical inquiry simultaneously to the folding of futures onto the present as if they were already at hand, to the aligning of means and ends so that they contain each other, and to distinctions made between reality and fictions. The article describes the inconspicuous ways in which policymaking orients itself towards the future and carves out its conditions of possibility. Within them, policymakers are shown to reduce the prospect of alternative, prefigurative politics to problem-solving in a perpetual present that remains oblivious to the futures it implies.
Middle meningeal artery embolization for recurrent subdural hematoma in an extra-intracranial anastomosis patient on anticoagulant medication: A case report
Authors: Schmidt Franziska A. , Freyschlag Christian F. , Grams Astrid E. , Thomé Claudius
Published: January 2025

Symptomatic chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is amongst the most frequent neurological diseases with an upward trend due to an aging society and development in the field of anticoagulation therapies. Lately, subgaleal drainages and middle meningeal artery (MMA) embolization have been introduced to the standard armamentarium as treatment options for cSDH patients. Vascular anomalies, such as internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion with spontaneous extra-intracranial anastomoses, usually lead to forfeiting embolization treatment from patients. This report presents a case of a 67-year-old male with a repeated recurrence of cSDH in conjunction with a history of middle cerebral artery territory stroke and consecutive platelet inhibition therapy. The patient was initially treated with a burr hole plus subgaleal and subdural drainage upon revision surgery. Due to repeated recurrence, MMA embolization was considered, even though an extra-intracranial anastomosis was present on angiography. The patient was deemed to be fully recovered three months after intervention and no further intervention was needed. We can conclude that MMA embolization is a feasible option also in patients with recurrent cSDH after territorial infarction secondary to ICA occlusion with present extra-intracranial anastomoses.
Physical Accessibility Barriers to Medications for Opioid Use Disorder Treatment: A Qualitative Study of Perspectives from Women with Opioid Use Disorder and Health and Criminal Legal Professionals
Authors: Skogseth Emma M. , Brant Kristina , Latkin Carl , Jones Abenaa A.
Published: January 2025

Introduction

The opioid overdose crisis necessitates the development of effective treatment and harm reduction practices. Recent increases in opioid use disorder (OUD) and overdose rates among women in tandem with lower medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) treatment utilization rates make a case for investigating the barriers faced by women with OUD in accessing MOUD treatment. To inform future interventions, this study examines factors that impede access to MOUD treatment and explores evidence-based solutions through triangulating the perspectives of affected women as well as criminal legal and health professionals who work with women with OUD.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews ( N = 42) were conducted from May to June 2022 to assess participants’ lived experiences with MOUD treatment. Participants included criminal-legal involved women with a lifetime history of OUD and MOUD use ( N = 20), criminal legal professionals ( N = 10), and substance use disorder (SUD) treatment professionals ( N = 12) who work with women with OUD. We used a thematic qualitative data analysis process to identify common barriers to accessing MOUD treatment.

Results

The thematic analysis identified three categories of factors impeding MOUD treatment accessibility: (1) financial barriers (including program difficulties procuring grant funding and individuals’ concerns regarding insurance coverage), (2) travel hardships (including inadequate public transportation infrastructure and lack of access to personal vehicles), and (3) insufficient provider availability (including demand that exceeds the supply of open spots in MOUD treatment programs and a limited number of treatment facilities).

Conclusion

There was substantial consensus among the three groups, and participants identified financial barriers, travel hardships, and insufficient provider availability as barriers to accessing MOUD treatment. Our study's results make a strong case for addressing travel-related hardships. To best serve affected women, solutions such as allocated transportation, gas mileage reimbursement, bus passes, flexible take-home treatment options, and alternative medication dispensing settings should be implemented to mitigate transportation-related barriers to accessibility.
Don't Pop It! Modifying the Balloon Analogue Risk Task for a Course-Based Research Experience
Authors: Kelly Andrew J. , Parrish Audrey E.
Published: January 2025

Background

Relatively few studies focus on Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experiences (CUREs) to improve retention of knowledge and enhance student research experience in the social sciences.

Objective

We introduced a modified, manual version of the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART), in which students engaged in all phases of a research project, including the development of a risk-taking assessment, participant recruitment, scale administration, presentation of the modified BART, data collection, and data entry and analysis.

Method

To determine the effectiveness of the CUREs, students self-reported their research knowledge and skills using pre–post measures. Additionally, we measured attitudes and perceptions of the student's experience with the research project.

Results

Results from the learning outcomes demonstrated increased research knowledge and skills and a positive overall experience with the project.

Conclusion

The modified BART is an effective CURE for engaging undergraduate psychology students enrolled in research methods courses.

Teaching Implications

Engagement through hands-on research project design and data collection, as demonstrated with the modified BART, may serve to increase the overall retention of information and enhance class experience, potentially creating a pipeline for further engagement in high-impact practices for undergraduate psychology students.
Self-therapy through bibliotherapy: A comprehensive review and content analysis for adults
Authors: Öztemiz Semanur , Tekindal Melike
Published: January 2025

This study aims to reveal the studies that use bibliotherapy as a self-therapy method in combating various mental disorders focusing on the subject, method, participants, type of bibliotherapy, the bibliotherapy tool used, and the effects and permanence of bibliotherapy. The research data were compiled from publications indexed in Web of Science without any limitations; and showed that 91 studies addressed bibliotherapy as a self-therapy method for adults. Excluding meta-analyses, systematic reviews, literature reviews, book reviews, theoretical studies, and inaccessible or repeated publications, the remaining 41 publications constituted the scope of this research. The research was conducted using a review and quantitative content analysis. Findings showed that studies addressing bibliotherapy as a self-therapy method were mostly published in 2012, and the participant types at individual and group levels were balanced. The research findings also showed that the experimental method was predominantly used in studies utilizing bibliotherapy as a self-therapy method. Various written or printed works were preferred in these studies, with ‘Feeling Good’ being the most frequently used bibliotherapy tool. These findings may provide insights into understanding the bibliotherapy tools and methods commonly used in research on bibliotherapy as a self-therapy approach for mental disorders.
Scholarly information source access and use by undergraduate students: Lesson from COVID-19 pandemic in Tanzania
Authors: Shikali Joyce Charles , Muneja Paul S. , Kassim Mohamed
Published: January 2025

This study investigated university students's access, and use of scholarly information sources during the COVID-19 pandemic. A descriptive cross-sectional design that employed both quantitative and qualitative approaches was used. Data was collected from 306 respondents from three selected universities in Tanzania. The findings revealed that health protocols caused most students to rely on internet-based sources, lecture notes, and materials shared by classmates to satisfy their information needs. The inability to access library information sources remotely, limited internet access, inadequate access to ICT devices, and lack of digital literacy skills were perceived to be among the major challenges that inhibited students from accessing library resources.The study concludes that the challenges in accessing library resources that were witnessed during the COVID-19 pandemic paved the way for rethinking the way library conduct their business in serving their patrons, especially in facilitating access to them in real-time regardless of the geographical location and the physical condition of the user.To improve access to scholarly resources during challenging times such as the recent pandemic, universities ought to invest in developing digital collections which are accessible anytime and anywhere, this will be realized by ensuring adequate technological infrastructure and digital literacy skills among students and library staff.
Preparation of high-performance red fluorescent epoxy resin films guided by rare earth europium
Authors: Li Yanqi , Zhu Feng , Tang Qiaolin , Zhang Jiaqiang , Peng Qiang , Kang Ming
Published: January 2025

Epoxy resins offer broad applications but are limited by their mechanical strength. This study enhances the properties of an indole-based epoxy resin (EPI) through the incorporation of europium ions (Eu3+), leveraging their cation-π interactions. A red fluorescent indole-based epoxy resin (Eu@HEr) was synthesized, emitting at 616 nm under Ultraviolet (UV) light. Eu@HEr exhibited a 42% increase in tensile strength (86 MPa) and a 114% improvement in elongation at break (10.9%) compared to EPI. The thermal decomposition temperature of Eu@HEr rose by 64 °C, indicating superior thermal stability. These findings highlight the potential for high-performance epoxy resins with dual mechanical and luminescent properties.
Dynamic Time-to-Event Models for Future Call Attempts Required Until Interview or Refusal
Authors: Zhang Xinyu
Published: January 2025

The rising cost of survey data collection is an ongoing concern. Cost predictions can be used to make more informed decisions about allocating resources efficiently during data collection. However, telephone surveys typically do not provide a direct measure of case-level costs. As an alternative, I propose using the number of call attempts as a proxy cost indicator. Most previous studies have focused on logistic regression and linear regression for cost estimation. This study advocates time-to-event models for predicting survey costs. To improve cost predictions, I dynamically adjust predictive models for future call attempts required until an interview or refusal during the nonresponse follow up. This update is achieved by fitting models on the training set for cases that are still unresolved as of a particular number of call attempts. This approach accommodates additional paradata collected on each case up to that point. I use data from the Health and Retirement Study to evaluate the ability of alternative models to predict the number of future call attempts required until interview or refusal. These models include a baseline model with only time-invariant covariates (discrete time hazard regression), accelerated failure time regression, survival trees, and Bayesian additive regression trees within the framework of accelerated failure time models.
“A space to be myself ”: Music and self-determination in the lives of autistic adults
Authors: Korošec Kaja , Backman Bister Anna , Bojner Horwitz Eva
Published: January 2025

Despite many decades of academic interest in music and autism, we know little about what music means to autistic adults and how they experience it. The few existing studies lack a common theoretical basis and are therefore difficult to compare and integrate. To address this gap, we investigated whether Self-Determination Theory can be used as a common framework for understanding the functions of music as experienced by autistic adults. We focused specifically on the support and thwarting of the basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, and relatedness). Thirteen autistic adults (seven women and six men; aged between 24 and 69 years) described their experiences with musicking in a one-to-one semi-structured online interview. We analyzed the transcripts using directed qualitative content analysis (DQCA). We found that music engagement can thwart as well as support autonomy, competence, and relatedness and that Self-Determination Theory indeed offers a robust starting point for understanding the functions of music as seen by autistic adults. We illustrate how basic psychological needs provide a red thread connecting all previous studies that investigated the experience of music in autistic adults.
‘Our Cattle Problem’: Fianna Fáil, the Irish Cattle Trade and the Economic War, 1932–1938
Authors: Loughman Michael
Published: January 2025

The 1930s was a period of profound crisis for Irish dry cattle farmers. Understandably, many blamed the then Fianna Fáil government, which instigated a trade dispute with Britain and harboured a deep aversion to the cattle trade. In this context, many viewed the government's decision to reduce the cattle herd in 1934 as part of a grand plan to upend largescale cattle farming. As this article demonstrates, the situation was far more complex. The government certainly sought to reform Irish agriculture but was unwilling to preside over the complete collapse of the cattle trade. The Irish government's intransigence played a part, but the worst years of the crisis also owed much to British protectionism. Yet, notwithstanding the conditions, farmers stubbornly stuck to cattle.
Coffin-Lowry Syndrome: A Case of Clinical Convergence for Psychology, Neuropsychology, Psychiatry, Genetics, and Neurology
Authors: Kim Ji-Sun , Ilaria Shawen , Hundal Jasdeep , Bhise Vikram
Published: January 2025

We present the case of a 15-year-old girl with new-onset psychosis and abnormal white matter activity on neuroimaging, engaging multidisciplinary care between genetics, neurology, psychiatry, and neuropsychology. She functioned well in mainstream education despite below average intellectual functioning. Physical examination findings enabled the diagnosis, and patient improved with joint psychological and behavioral outpatient services.
A systematic meta-analysis of the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Li Guang , Wang Ledan , Feng Feifei
Published: January 2025

Background

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), the primary retinal vascular consequence of diabetes mellitus (DM) among people of working age worldwide, is the primary cause of vision impairment and blindness. Despite increasing understanding of the prevalence of DM as a significant public health concern in China, the world's most populous developing nation, there is much to discover about the epidemiology of DR.

Objective

This work uses a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the total prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in China.

Methods

Using common keywords, we looked up published research on the prevalence of DR in diabetic patients using Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus from their founding until 2023. Using random effects models, pooled estimates of DR prevalence and the associated 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed. Fifteen articles covering 4837 patients with different forms of diabetes were analyzed. The Egger tests refuted the publication bias assumption for the prevalence of DR (P = 0.825, P = 0.057, respectively). Significant heterogeneity was seen in the prevalence of DR (P < 0.01, I2 = 92% and τ2 = 0.0082), PDR (P < 0.01, I2 = 97% and τ2 = 0.0072), and NPDR (P < 0.01, I2 = 84% and τ2 = 0.0039), according to the results of I2 and τ2 statistics.

Results

The combined prevalence of PDR was 24% (95% CI: 19–28), NPDR was 31% (95% CI: 27–35), and DR was 55% (95% CI: 63–71).

Conclusions

In summary, DR's prevalence appears slightly higher than that of other studies, with a greater incidence of NPDR. This study emphasises the need for DR screening and treatment in individuals with diabetes.
Investigation of Clostridium butyricum on atopic dermatitis based on gut microbiota and TLR4/MyD88/ NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Yang Xiaojing , Zhao Qian , Wang Xing , Zhang Yiming , Ma Jingyue , Liu Yuanjun , Wang Huiping
Published: January 2025

Background

Probiotics, as common regulators of the gut microbiota, have been used in research to alleviate clinical symptoms of atopic dermatitis (AD).

Objective

Our research team has previously identified a potential relieving effect of Clostridium butyricum on the treatment of AD, but the specific mechanism of how Clostridium butyricum alleviates AD has not yet been confirmed.

Methods

In this study, we explored the relieving effect of Clostridium butyricum on AD through in vivo and in vitro experiments. AD mice induced by 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) were orally administered with 1 × 108 CFU of Clostridium butyricum for three consecutive weeks.

Results

Oral administration of Clostridium butyricum reduced ear swelling, alleviated back skin lesions, decreased mast cell and inflammatory cell infiltration, and regulated the levels of inflammation-related cytokines. Clostridium butyricum activated the intestinal immune system through the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway, suppressed the expression of inflammatory factors IL-10 and IL-13, and protected the damaged intestinal mucosa.

Conclusion

Clostridium butyricum administration improved the diversity and abundance of the gut microbiota, enhanced the functionality of the immune system, and protected the epidermal barrier.