bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gram-scale Synthesis of Dibenzo[a,e]pentalenes from Trialkyl(phenylethynyl)silanes via Organosodium Intermediates
Authors: Sato Ayane , Kuwabara Takuya
Published: February 2025

Previous gram-scale synthesis of 5,10-disilyldibenzo[a,e]pentalenes (5,10-disilylDBPs), which are good precursors of 5,10-dihaloDBPs, was accomplished by the reduction of trialkyl(phenylethynyl)silanes with highly pyrophoric potassium metals. Here we report two types of potassium-free and scalable synthesis of 5,10-disilylDBPs: (1) reduction of trialkyl(phenylethynyl)silanes with sodium dispersion (SD), and (2) reduction of trialkyl(phenylethynyl)silanes with lithium in the presence of NaOtBu. Both reactions involve 1,4-disodio-1,3-butadienes with an s-trans conformation as the key intermediates.
Appraisal of a Fistful of Methods for Producing Porous Biochar
Authors: Wang Huifeng , Tang Mengqi , Abdelaal Ali , El Garah Mohamed , Jlassi Khouloud , Abdullah Aboubakr M. , CHEHIMI MOHAMED
Published: February 2025

The production of porous biochar is highly needed for numerous applications such as depollution and catalysis. It rests on a variety of eco-friendly physical and chemical process-assisted fabrication of porous biochar via pyrolysis under an inert atmosphere. The objective is to compare the features of the porous biochar powder particles prepared via such activation routes. The low-cost biochar with abundant pore structures was obtained from palm waste fibre. The pyrolysis temperature was set to 800 ℃ based on the boiling point of ZnCl2 and increasing more macro-, meso- and microporosity of palm waste biochar (PWB). The physicochemical and textural properties of all PWBs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), point of zero charge (pHPZC), and methylene blue index (MBi) and iodine index (Ii). ZnCl2- and H3PO4-activated PWBs showed more pore and channel structures than C2H5OH-activated and ultrasonicated PWBs, as noted from SEM images. Raman results proved that the I(D)/I(G) ratio values of all PWBs ranged from 2.19 to 3.19, confirming they are typical amorphous crystalline carbons as confirmed by XRD. The pHPZC values of all PWBs fell within the acidic range of 2.01 to 6.75, indicating the PWBs favor the cationic substance adsorption in an aqueous solution with a pH greater than 6.75. The process with ZnCl2 and H3PO4 significantly enhanced the macroporosity of the PWBs based on MBi. The MBi values increased with the increase in the ZnCl2 mass ratio, from 16.3 to 100.0 mg/g. As judged from the Ii values, the change of the ZnCl2 mass ratio had a relatively small effect on the formation of microporosity, with the microporosity slightly increasing with the initial ZnCl₂ mass ratio, from 920.6 to 1066.8 mg/g. However, the microporosity decreased more significantly with C2H5OH-, H3PO4-processed, and ultrasonic samples, dropping from 920.6 to 536.2 mg/g, compared to ZnCl2-activation. The BET results showed that ZnCl2 and H3PO4 noticeably increased the specific surface area and total pore volume of PWBs, from 392.6 to 1556.7 m2/g and 708.3 m2/g for specific surface area, from 0.186 to 0.741 cm3/g and 0.667 cm3/g for total pore volume. This work permitted to obtaining of a series of different types of porous biochar through simple and inexpensive physical and chemical treatments to provide a reference value for producing low-cost biochar for water treatment and other applications.
Frontier Orbital Changes Induce Slow-down of Excited State Population Dynamics in Thiopyridone Isomers
Authors: Das Sambit Kumar , Garratt Douglas , Gaffney Kelly , Odelius Michael
Published: February 2025

The non-adiabatic dynamics of photoexcited thiopyridone systems were studied across their ortho-, meta-, and para-isomeric forms. Surface hopping dynamics, utilizing TDDFT based electronic structure calculations, elucidate the relaxation pathways of the three constitutional isomers in both gas-phase and solvation environments. Particular attention is given to intersystem crossing (ISC) and non-adiabatic dynamics in triplet states, as the lowest triplet state plays a critical role in driving the excited-state proton transfer process in the ortho isomer. The efficiency of singlet-triplet crossings was analyzed by evaluating electronic features and energy gaps derived from dynamic simulations. The investigations suggest a systematic reduction in the rate of ISC from ortho to meta to para isomer. Furthermore, a comparison with a multireference approach in the gas phase highlights how variations in electronic structure influence the observed dynamics.
RefineScore: Improving Ligand Docking Accuracy and Interpretability by Predicting MDN Corrective Physical Interactions
Authors: Pan Jinmei , Liu Wei , Zhu Jintao , Zhou Jiahan , Zhang Weilin , Lin Haoyu , Dong Geng , Lin Lirui , Xu Youjun , Pei Jianfeng
Published: February 2025

Precisely evaluating the protein-ligand interaction is crucial in drug screening and optimization. There are significant advances in the application of machine learning approaches to developing protein-ligand scoring functions in recent years. However, traditional docking softwares and existing deep-learning methods remain unsolved limitations in terms of pose quality and binding affinity prediction accuracy. Furthermore, machine learning-based scoring functions are hard to generalize to unseen cases due to the scarcity of structure-affinity data, and mostly lack physical interpretability. In this study, we propose RefineScore, which learns the underlying physical laws by the neural network parameterized physical energy terms. In addition, mixed density network (MDN) is introduced to predict the distance likelihoods of van der Waals (vdW) and hydrogen bonding (Hbond) pairs and further correct the classical energy equations for the absolute binding free energy calculation. RefineScore provides a versatile atomic interaction evaluation framework within protein-ligand complexes and is highly interpretable for the key interaction analysis and energy contribution decomposition. By integrating these carefully tailored techniques, RefineScore maintains the advantages of machine learning models while providing physical interpretability and capturing complex interaction patterns. Our evaluation results show that RefineScore has superior scoring and ranking power.
Introducing Ylides as Charge-Neutral Termini for Poly(Ethylene Glycol) with Applications in Nanomedicine
Authors: Sánchez-Cerrillo Dulce M. , Shiraishi Kouichi , Mallen-Huertas Lucía , Peters Remi , Wilson Daniela A. , Neumann Kevin
Published: February 2025

The widespread use of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in biomedical applications has led to the emergence of anti-PEG antibodies, which accelerate systemic clearance and undermine the performance of PEGylated systems including those of nanomedicines. Antibody recognition often involves the hydrophobic PEG terminus, highlighting the need for alternative end-functionalization strategies that enhance hydrophilicity while maintaining stealth properties. Here, we introduce a novel PEGylation concept using sulfur ylides bearing tri- and pentapeptides as terminal modifications. These ylide-PEG (yPEGs) conjugates were integrated into polymeric nanoparticles as a model system, demonstrating that ylide-functionalization maintains key physicochemical properties such as ζ-potential and antifouling behavior. Crucially, antibody binding assays with monoclonal IgM and IgG anti-PEG antibodies revealed that the ylide terminus significantly reduces recognition by both main chain and terminus-specific anti-PEG antibodies. Experiments with polyclonal anti-PEG antibodies from mPEG-immunized mice suggest that increasing the chemical complexity of the ylide terminus with a highly polar – yet overall charge-neutral – terminus effectively prevents antigenicity from extending to the terminus, ultimately reducing PEG-specific recognition. This modular and scalable strategy offers a new paradigm for engineering stealth-functionalized polymers, with broad implications for nanomedicine, biomaterials, and surface coatings.
Molecular Simulations driven Identification of Natural Compounds as Marburg Virus VP35 Inhibitors
Authors: Ngachilindi Mbeket Seraphin Benjamin , Fifen Jean Jules
Published: February 2025

Marburg virus (Marv) hemorrhagic fever is a sporadic and highly lethal disease endemic to several African coun- tries, with recent outbreaks showing up to 90% mortality. The virus’s pathogenicity is largely mediated by the multifunctional protein VP35, which enables immune evasion through interferon antagonism. Currently, there are no approved treatments for MarV infections, though various antiviral interventions, including small-molecule inhibitors like Favipiravir, are under development. This study employs a multi-scale molecular simulation approach to identify potential inhibitors of Marv VP35 from an African natural compounds library. Structure-based virtual screening was performed to identify potent hits, with Favipiravir as the reference compound. A total of 134 molecules outperformed Favipiravir in docking scores (at least -1.2 kcal/mol), and these were further evaluated for toxicity and pharmacokinetics. Fifteen compounds were shortlisted for molecular dynamics simulations over 50 nanoseconds at 300 ° K to account for receptor flexibility and biological conditions. All shortlisted compounds demonstrated greater stability than Favipiravir, except compound CO921. Binding free energies were calculated using MM-PBSA/MM-GBSA methods, leading to the re-ranking of the compounds. Ultimately, compound SA260, followed by NA1411, EA636, SA394, and CO1641 emerged as the most promising inhibitors of Marv VP35. Additionally, six other compounds were identified as potential alternatives. The findings suggest these compounds may effectively antagonize dsRNA binding, leading to VP35 inhibition and subsequent Marv immunosuppression. This study provides a critical step toward the discovery of antiviral agents for Marv and other filoviruses.
Polariton Mediated Electron Transfer under the Collective Molecule-Cavity Coupling Regime
Authors: Koessler Eric , Mandal Arkajit , Musser Andrew , Krauss Todd , Huo Pengfei
Published: February 2025

We investigate polariton-mediated electron transfer (PMET) under the collective molecule-cavity coupling regime, with the presence of dark state transfer, cavity loss, and continuous-wave (CW) laser driving using quantum dynamics simulations and analytic rate constant theories. We demonstrate how the PMET rate constant can be enhanced by the collective coupling effect, that is, light-matter coupling strength is small, but there are many molecules collectively coupled to the cavity. We demonstrate how the delocalized light-matter interactions, together with the local electronic donor-acceptor couplings can be used to enhance the rate constant of the charge transfer reactions. We further show that the PMET rate constant is affected by dark states and cavity loss which are often regarded as obstacles, and how to overcome them to provide a significant cavity-induced rate constant enhancement under the collective coupling regime. We first show how reactions initialized in the collective upper polariton (UP) state can significantly enhance the PMET rate constant by increasing the reaction driving force of an otherwise uphill ET reaction with collective strong coupling and positive detuning. We then show that by driving the UP state with a CW laser in a positively detuned cavity, the effective PMET rate constant can be several orders of magnitude larger than outside the cavity even with significant molecular disorder and cavity loss. These results reveal a promising approach to realize photochemical rate enhancement with collective strong coupling in disordered and lossy polariton systems as well as enable otherwise impractical uphill ET reactions.
Association of AgNOR and Ki-67 with Histopathological Grading in Patients Diagnosed with Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: Flora Thanadar Ajmiree , Tapu Thanadar Tamjeeda , Khan Rezwana Rahman , Gaffar Tania
Published: February 2025

Background:

Gastric Carcinoma is the second most prevalent cause of death worldwide, characterized by diverse histopathological grading that reflects the tumor's differentiation and aggressiveness. This study aimed to investigate the correlations between the Ki-67 labeling index, AgNOR values, and histopathological grading in gastric carcinoma patients.

Methods:

A total of sixty patients aged 35 years and older with gastric carcinoma who had received histopathological diagnoses of gastric carcinoma based on biopsies obtained through gastric endoscopy as well as resected tissue samples were included. Histopathologic grading distributions were categorized into well-differentiated, moderately differentiated, and poorly differentiated groups. Ki-67 labeling index and AgNOR values were measured, and ANOVA analysis revealed significant variations across grading. Bonferroni tests identified specific differences in means between grades. Scatter diagrams visually depict the correlation between markers and grading.

Results:

Histopathological grading distributions comprised 13.33% well-differentiated, 50% moderately differentiated, and 36.67% poorly differentiated cases. Positive correlations were observed between the Ki-67 labeling index and histopathological grading (r = 0.436, p = 0.001) and between AgNOR values and grading (r = 0.451, p = 0.001).

Conclusion:

This study highlights the significant correlations between histopathological grading, Ki-67 labeling index, and AgNOR values in gastric carcinoma. These correlations offer insights into tumor aggressiveness and cellular proliferation. These findings contribute to our understanding of gastric carcinoma's biological behavior and potential clinical implications.
Inexpensive Methods to Correct Long-Term Infertility Despite Failure with Follicle Stimulating Drugs, Intrauterine Insemination, and In Vitro Fertilization
Authors: Check Jerome H
Published: February 2025

Background:

Frequently, a large percentage of infertility centers have a general treatment plan that is not patient specific where most patients are treated with ovarian stimulation and intrauterine insemination (IUI). The objective of this study is to present non-invasive, non-expensive methods that resulted in live deliveries that emphasized progesterone supplementation in the luteal phase, avoided follicle maturing drugs in those attaining a mature dominant follicle, performed (IUI) only if postcoital test was inadequate or likely to be abnormal based on the spermiogram, and also considered treating some women with dopaminergic drugs (especially those with pelvic pain and/or other “autoimmune” conditions).

Method:

The treatment provided to fifty consecutive patients achieving a successful pregnancy by the above methods was recorded. The couple was required to have at least two years of infertility, failure to conceive despite at least multiple treatment cycles rendered by at least two fertility specialists and failure to have a success despite a minimum of two IVF cycles.

Results:

Most of these couples successfully conceived just after a few individualized non- invasive treatment cycles.

Conclusion:

Based on our own studies our experience suggests that the exclusive use of progesterone in the luteal phase without follicle maturing drugs if a dominant follicle is attained naturally and perform IUI only if the post-coital test is inadequate and using dopaminergic drugs when appropriate can achieve the delivery of healthy babies even in women failing to conceive despite previous ovarian stimulation, IUI and IVF.
Outcome Following Oocyte Retrieval in Women with Marked Diminished Oocyte Reserve Where the Only Oocyte Obtained Was in A Metaphase I Stage
Authors: Check Jerome H , Summers Donna , Horwath Danya , Neulander Madison , Neumann DO Brooke A
Published: February 2025

Women with marked diminished oocyte reserve (DOR) may still require in vitro fertilization embryo transfer (IVF-ET) because of severe male subfertility or damaged fallopian tubes. Live deliveries have been reported even with only one oocyte retrieved, especially with a mild ovarian stimulation technique known as the FSH receptor up-regulation technique. Though live deliveries have been reported using rescued metaphase (M) I oocytes cultured to the MII stage, live delivered pregnancy rates (LDPRs) are markedly reduced. The purpose of this study was to determine if a live delivery is possible where the only oocyte retrieved was a MI oocyte who already has a much reduced chance of conception even if a MII oocyte had been obtained. A 25- year retrospective study identified 42 women aged < 39.9 and 40 women > age 40 who had only a single MI egg retrieved. In the younger group, 14 women proceeded to ET 4 days after egg retrieval and 1 had a live delivery. For women >40, 15 women proceeded to ET but there were no live deliveries. Since a precedent has been set that a live delivery is possible, despite marked DOR and one MI egg retrieved, it seems reasonable to advise extended culture with the hope of transferring a viable embryo.
Metabolic dysregulation contributes to the development of dysferlinopathy
Authors: Furrer Regula , Dilbaz Sedat , Steurer Stefan A , Santos Gesa , Karrer-Cardel Bettina , Ritz Danilo , Sinnreich Michael , Handschin Christoph
Published: February 2025

Dysferlin is a transmembrane protein that plays a prominent role in membrane repair of damaged muscle fibers. Accordingly, mutations in the dysferlin gene cause progressive muscular dystrophies, collectively referred to as dysferlinopathies for which no effective treatment exists. Unexpectedly, experimental approaches that successfully restore membrane repair fail to prevent a dystrophic phenotype, suggesting that additional, hitherto unknown dysferlin-dependent functions contribute to the development of the pathology. Our experiments revealed an altered metabolic phenotype in dysferlin-deficient muscles, characterized by (1) mitochondrial abnormalities and elevated death signaling and (2) increased glucose uptake, reduced glycolytic protein levels, and pronounced glycogen accumulation. Strikingly, elevating mitochondrial volume density and muscle glycogen accelerates disease progression; whereas, improvement of mitochondrial function and recruitment of muscle glycogen with exercise ameliorated functional parameters in a mouse model of dysferlinopathy. Collectively, our results not only shed light on a metabolic function of dysferlin but also imply new therapeutic avenues aimed at promoting mitochondrial function and normalizing muscle glycogen to ameliorate dysferlinopathies, complementing efforts that target membrane repair.
PERSEPSI GURU TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN ASESMEN FORMATIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA MATERI SPLDV DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA
Authors: Januar Linda Ramadhanty , Muzekki Sahrul
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi persepsi guru terhadap penggunaan asesmen formatif dalam pembelajaran matematika di tingkat Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP). Asesmen formatif dianggap sebagai alat penting yang memungkinkan guru memantau kemajuan belajar siswa, memberikan umpan balik yang konstruktif, dan menyesuaikan strategi pengajaran sesuai kebutuhan siswa. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif, data dikumpulkan dari wawancara semi terstruktur dengan tiga guru matematika dari tiga SMP di Sampang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru memiliki pemahaman yang baik mengenai konsep asesmen formatif dan menggunakan berbagai metode untuk implementasinya, meskipun menghadapi tantangan seperti keterbatasan waktu dan beban kerja yang tinggi. Para guru melaporkan bahwa asesmen formatif memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap partisipasi dan pemahaman siswa. Penelitian ini menggarisbawahi perlunya dukungan tambahan dan pelatihan bagi guru untuk meningkatkan efektivitas asesmen formatif dalam pembelajaran matematika, dengan tujuan akhir meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) BERBANTUAN GEOGEBRA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIS SISWA
Authors: Mahardhika Ghiffaari , Nurjanah Nurjanah
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran PBL berbantuan Geogebra dalam menyelesaikan masalah, khususnya terkait dengan materi hubungan garis dan sudut. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII MTs Persis Lembang Kabupaten Bandung Barat tahun ajaran 2023/2024. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu (quasi-eksperimental) dengan design penelitian adalah Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 42 siswa yang terbagi dalam 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok kelas eksperimen dan kelompok kelas kontrol. Instrument penelitian yang digunkan adalah tes objektif berupa soal essay. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara pembelajaran model PBL berbantuan GeoGebra dengan pembelajaran langsung untuk meningkatakan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa kelas VIII MTs Persis 50 Lembang. Hal ini tampak dari hasil uji Mann Whitney dengan nilai sig.=0,0000,05 yang menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan secara siginifikan antara rata-rata n-gain kelas eksperimen dengan kelas kontrol. Sehingga dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa pembelajaran yang menerapan PBL berbatuan GeoGebra berdampak baik terhadap pemahaman konsep matematis siswa kelas VIII MTs Persis Lembang.
KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS SISWA DITINJAU DARI TINGKAT KECEMASAN MATEMATIS PADA SISWA KELAS VII SMP
Authors: Kurniawati Nia , Liana Metta , Fera Mirta
Published: February 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa ditinjau dari tingkatan kecemasan matematisnya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2024 di SMP Negeri 10 Tanjungpinang. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 1 siswa dengan tingkat kecemasan matematis rendah, 1 siswa dengan tingkat kecemasan matematis sedang, dan 1 siswa dengan tingkat kecemasan matematis tinggi. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik tes dan wawancara. Instrumen yang dibutuhkan dalam penelitian ini yaitu peneliti sebagai instrumen utama dan didukung dengan instrumen angket kecemasan matematis, soal tes komunikasi matematis, dan pedoman wawancara. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis Miles Huberman melalui tahapan pengumpulan data, reduksi, dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa dengan tingkat kecemasan matematis rendah mampu memenuhi 3 indikator komunikasi matematis. Hal ini dikarenakan respon positifnya dalam mengelola kecemasan yang ada dalam dirinya, di mana siswa pada level kecemasan rendah mampu bersikap tenang, rileks, dan nyaman saat mengerjakan soal matematika, memiliki kesadaran dan ketelitian yang tinggi, serta kepercayaan diri dan kemampuan untuk belajar yang baik. Sedangkan siswa dengan tingkat kecemasan matematis sedang hanya mampu memenuhi 2 indikator komunikasi matematis. Siswa pada kecemasan ini lebih mudah terganggu dan menurun kemampuan konsentrasinya ketika dihadapkan dengan persoalan matematika, sehingga siswa tidak bisa berpikir jernih dan kemampuan belajarnya menjadi tidak optimal. Selanjutnya siswa dengan tingkat kecemasan matematis tinggi hanya mampu memenuhi 1 indikator komunikasi matematis. Siswa ini tidak melakukan penyelesaian pada soal yang diberikan karena mengalami gejala gugup yang berlebihan, merasa gelisah dan tidak nyaman, serta kebingungan saat menjelaskan jawaban. Siswa ini juga mudah frustasi, putus asa dan menyerah, menganggap diri tidak memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup untuk menyelesaikan soal matematika, sehingga tidak mau berusaha untuk menyelesaikan soal secara optimal.
PENGEMBANGAN GAME MONOPOLI BERBASIS RME UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KONEKSI MATEMATIS DAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI BARISAN ARITMATIKA
Authors: Nandang Nandang , Lestari Wiwit Damayanti , Fikri Hidayatul
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan media game monopoli berbasis Realistic Mathematics Education untuk meningkatkan kemampuan koneksi matematis dan minat belajar siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian pengembangan dengan model pengembagan 4-D. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan atlast-I, uji aiken v, dan Uji t satu sampel. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data penelitian, proses pengembangan media game monopoli berbasis Realistic Mathematics Education, hasil uji validasi menunjukkan bahwa semua butir dinyatakan valid, rerata dari semua butir adalah 0,88, nilai V 0,8 artinya sangat valid. Hal tersebut dapat dinyatakan bahwa media game monopoli berbasis Realistic Mathematics Education layak untuk digunakan. Berdasarkan uji efektivitas media melalui tes kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa menggunakan uji t satu sampel diperoleh tobs = 1,550 dan tk = 0,182. Karena tobs tk artinya media game monopoli berbasis Realistic Mathematics Education dapat meningkatkan kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa pada materi barisan aritmatika. Selanjutnya uji efektivitas media melalui angket minat belajar siswa menggunakan uji t satu sampel diperoleh tobs = 1,675 dan tk = 0,155. Karena tobs tk artinya media game monopoli berbasis Realistic Mathematics Education dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa pada materi barisan aritmatika. Sehingga pengembangan media game monopoli berbasis Realistic Mathematics Education dapat meningkatkan kemampuan koneksi matematis dan minat belajar siswa.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN CALON GURU MATEMATIKA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL INTEGRAL FUNGSI RASIONAL BERDASARKAN TAHAPAN KASTOLAN
Authors: Sumargiyani Sumargiyani
Published: February 2025

Mata kuliah kalkulus integral membahas integral dan penerapannya. Dalam kenyataan mahasiswa sering melakukan kesalahan dalam mengintegralkan, seperti mengintegralkan fungsi rasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis jenis kesalahan yang dilakukan calon guru matematika dalam mengintegralkan fungsi rasional pada perkuliahan kalkulus integral menurut tahapan Kastolan dan faktor penyebab kesalahannya. Penelitian dengan  pendekatan kualitatif  yang berjenis deskriptif ini, menggunakan intrumen penelitian berupa dokumen hasil pekerjaan Ujian Akhir Semester Genap tahun akademik 2023/2024. Metode purposive sampling digunakan untuk memilih lima  subyek penelitian dari 13 mahasiswa. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menganalisis kesalahan  berdasarkan tahapan Kastolan.  Dari data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan cara mereduksi data, mengumpulkan data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh untuk masing-masing jenis kesalahan 74,4% untuk konseptual, 87,2% untuk  prosedural dan  92,3% untuk teknikal. Beberapa kesalahan yang dilakukan mahasiswa dalam mengerjakan soal integral fungsi rasional karena tidak dapat memilih rumus yang tepat, tidak dapat mengerjakan secara urut, tidak dapat memfaktorkan, tidak dapat memahami bahwa fungsi yang diintegralkan merupakan integral fungsi rasional, tidak dapat mengintegralkan integral dasar, melakukan perhitungan yang ceroboh atau kurang teliti. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh kesalahan terbesar mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan soal integral fungsi rasional pada kesalahan teknikal, yang disebabkan dari tidak dapat memfaktorkan fungsi dan melakukan pengintegralan.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR MATA KULIAH INTEGRASI MATEMATIKA, ISLAM DAN LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Ambarwati Riyama , Putra Rizki Wahyu Yunian , Fadila Abi , Alhaq Arini
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini berfokus pada pengembangan bahan ajar untuk mata kuliah yang mengintegrasikan matematika, nilai-nilai Islam, dan aspek lingkungan. Tujuannya adalah menciptakan sumber belajar yang menggabungkan elemen-elemen tersebut secara terpadu dan relevan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kelayakan bahan ajar yang dikembangkan serta mengumpulkan umpan balik dari mahasiswa. Model ADDIE digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yang melibatkan tahap perencanaan, perancangan, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi secara cermat. Terdapat 3 ahli di bidang materi, 3 ahli di bidang media, 3 ahli di bidang agama dan lingkungan turut serta dalam validasi bahan ajar ini untuk memastikan kualitas dan relevansinya. Proses validasi menghasilkan skor rata-rata 87,16% dari ahli materi, 85,7% dari ahli media, dan 84,46% dari ahli agama dan lingkungan pada skala 4 poin. Bahan ajar kemudian diuji pada dua kelompok mahasiswa: kelompok kecil dengan 10 mahasiswa dan kelompok besar dengan 30 mahasiswa, dengan skor rata-rata masing-masing 89,63% dan 88,63%. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar ini diterima dengan baik, dengan kedua kelompok menilainya sebagai "sangat menarik", sehingga bahan ajar tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai referensi tambahan dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam pengembangan bahan ajar terpadu dan menyediakan dasar yang kuat untuk kemajuan pendidikan di masa depan.
MENINGKATKAN MINAT DAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP TRIGONOMETRI MELALUI VIDEO DAN GAME INTERAKTIF (KAHOOT) DI KELAS X-4 SMAN MODEL TERPADU MADANI PALU
Authors: Sari Septi Rahmita , Kamaruddin Kamarudin , Lefrida Rita
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan minat dan pemahaman konsep trigonometri pada siswa kelas X-4 SMAN Model Terpadu Madani Palu melalui penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, yang masing-masing mencakup tahapan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Media pembelajaran berupa video dan platform interaktif Kahoot diintegrasikan ke dalam proses belajar mengajar untuk membuat pembelajaran lebih menarik dan interaktif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, tes hasil belajar, serta angket respon siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan pada nilai rata-rata siswa, khususnya pada siklus kedua dibandingkan dengan siklus pertama. Selain itu, partisipasi aktif siswa dalam pembelajaran meningkat secara substansial. Berdasarkan analisis angket, mayoritas siswa menyatakan bahwa penggunaan media pembelajaran ini membuat mereka lebih tertarik dan termotivasi dalam mempelajari trigonometri. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi video dan Kahoot tidak hanya membantu siswa memahami konsep dengan lebih baik, tetapi juga menciptakan suasana pembelajaran yang menyenangkan dan interaktif. Strategi ini dapat menjadi alternatif yang efektif dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran matematika, khususnya pada materi trigonometri, dan mendorong partisipasi siswa secara aktif dalam proses pembelajaran
L’EVOLUZIONE DEL CONCETTO DI FLESSIBILITA’ NEL DIRITTO DEL LAVORO
Authors: Nappi Severino
Published: February 2025

Il primo intervento della Cassazione in tema di qualificazione del rapporto di lavoro dei rider è l’occasione da cui prende le mosse l’A. per affrontare l’eterna questione della disciplina applicabile alle multiformi fattispecie nelle quali si presentano le collaborazioni continuative nel continuo evolversi del mercato del lavoro.
Il paradosso della diversa qualificazione offerta dagli ermellini al rapporto di lavoro dei rider rispetto a quello dei pony express negli anni ottanta, nonostante la sostanziale sovrapponibilità degli elementi fattuali delle due fattispecie, ne è lo specchio più fedele.
L’A., stigmatizzando il sovrapporsi di interventi normativi del tutto contrad­dittori oltre che tecnicamente confusi, evidenzia il paradosso dell’attuale disci­plina dei contratti di lavoro ‘grigi’ nella quale è divenuta ormai concettualmente impalpabile la differenza tra le fattispecie in cui trova applicazione l’art. 2 del d.lgs. n. 81/2015 o quella dell’art. 409, n. 3, c.p.c. specie all’esito dell’ultima novella di entrambe le disposizioni. Il rischio che segnala l’A. è perciò quello di una nuova stagione di incertezze e di contenziosi, rispetto alla quale si appare inevitabile l’ennesimo esercizio di una funzione suppletiva da parte della magi­stratura, effetto dall’inadeguatezza della legge.
Analysis of the Clinical Effect of Pedicle Screw Fixation Combined with Surgical Methods in Patients with Severe Osteoporosis and Compression Vertebral Fractures
Authors: Wu Xiaoming , Zhang Jiaming , Li Wei , Liu Ying , Gao Fei
Published: February 2025

Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect of pedicle screw fixation combined with surgical methods in patients with severe osteoporosis and compression vertebral fractures (OVCF). Methods: Eighty-two patients with severe osteoporosis and OVCF admitted to our hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected as study subjects. They were randomly divided into a control group (n = 41) receiving conventional conservative treatment and an observation group (n = 41) undergoing pedicle screw fixation combined with vertebroplasty. The treatment effects and overall patient satisfaction rates were compared between the two groups three months after surgery. Results: The total effective rate of the observation group was 97.56% (40/41), significantly higher than the 70.73% (29/41) of the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the overall satisfaction rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Pedicle screw fixation combined with vertebroplasty is significantly effective in treating severe OVCF, with higher patient satisfaction, and is worthy of promotion.
Clinical Observation on the Effectiveness of Combined Anterior and Posterior Cervical Surgery for Cervical Spinal Stenosis with Cervical Injury
Authors: Gao Fei , Guo Zhao , Zhang Xiong , Song Chenchen , Wu Xiaoming
Published: February 2025

Objective: To explore and analyze the clinical effectiveness of combined anterior and posterior cervical surgery for the treatment of cervical spinal stenosis with cervical injury. Methods: From March 2023 to June 2024, 40 patients who received treatment for cervical spinal stenosis with cervical injury in our hospital were selected as the study subjects. They were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group, with 20 patients in each group. The experimental group underwent combined anterior and posterior cervical surgery, while the control group underwent simple anterior cervical decompression surgery. The changes in clinical indicators and improvement in cervical function before and after surgery were compared and analyzed between the two groups. Results: Following surgical treatment, the clinical indicators in the experimental group improved more significantly than those in the control group. Additionally, the postoperative cervical function improvement in the experimental group was superior to that in the control group. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: For patients with cervical spinal stenosis and cervical injury, the combined anterior and posterior cervical surgery approach can effectively improve cervical function, demonstrating significant therapeutic effects. This surgical method is worthy of clinical promotion.
A Study on Multi-ship Avoidance System for Unmanned Surface Vehicles Using the Quaternion Ship Domain and Collision Risk Index
Authors: Lee Dong-Hun , Seo Mu-Yeong , Lee Hyo-Geun , Yoo Won-Jun , Kim Sanghyun , Paik Kwang-Jun
Published: February 2025

Collision avoidance is essential for the safe navigation of unmanned surface vehicles (USVs). This paper proposes a multi-ship collision avoidance algorithm that integrates the quaternion ship domain (QSD) and collision risk index (CRI) to assess collision risk and generate optimal avoidance trajectories. The algorithm was used to evaluate target ships (TS) using the CRI values, adapt the ship domain based on QSD, and use the velocity obstacle (VO) method to determine feasible avoidance paths while adhering to the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs). Through 14 simulation scenarios, including single-ship, two-ship, and multi-ship encounters with unexpected TS maneuvers, the results revealed the ability of the algorithm to maintain safe separation distances in complex maritime traffic. The CRI-based approach allows real-time risk assessment and adaptive timing, while QSD adjusts dynamically based on the ship speed and encounter conditions, minimizing unnecessary maneuvers. This integration of QSD, CRI, and VO ensures COLREGs-compliant navigation, efficient path deviation management, and enhanced safety, contributing to the development of intelligent USV navigation systems.
Abusive Supervision and Employee Silence: Moderation of Face Consciousness and Mediation of Job Stress
Authors:   Korean Academy Of Management, Yingrui Sima Yingrui Sima , Shin Yuhyung , Lim Heeyoung
Published: February 2025

Many companies expect employees to provide effective guidance to adapt
to the rapidly changing business environment and make timely decisions.
However, employees often remain silent about organizational problems. The
way supervisors lead their subordinates as representatives of the organization
can affect employees' psychological perception and behavioral judgment.
Therefore, this study attempted to shed light on the impact and mechanism
of abusive supervision on employee silence. According to affective events
theory, individuals affected by the work environment or work events experience
emotional fluctuations, which are combined with personal characteristics for
research purposes. For the empirical analysis of this study, an individual
analysis was conducted targeting 240 workers from various industries and
occupations in South Korea and China. The results of the hypothesis tests
showed a significant positive relationship between abusive supervision and
employee job stress. The results also showed significant moderating effects
of face consciousness on the relationship between abusive supervision and
job stress. Specifically, individuals with low face consciousness experienced
more job stress when exposed to abusive supervision. Also, a significant
positive relationship was found between job stress and acquiescent/defensive
silence. Furthermore, we found a significant mediating effect of job stress
on the relationship between abusive supervision and acquiescent/defensive
silence. This study holds theoretical significance by highlighting the role of
face consciousness in employees’ stress reactions to abusive supervision. It
also offers practical implications by suggesting management strategies for
supervisors to reduce abusive supervision and tailor interventions based on
individual employee traits.
Analisis Muatan Literasi Statistik Pada Buku Teks Matematika Di Platform Merdeka Mengajar Jenjang Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Prasetyo Rudi , Muksar Makbul , Rufiana Intan Sari
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui muatan literasi statistik pada buku teks kurikulum merdeka yang terdapat pada Platform Merdeka Mengajar (PMM). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif, yakni dengan cara mendeskripsikan informasi-informasi yang diperoleh dalam bentuk non-numerik. Buku teks yang dipilih pada penelitian ini terdiri dari 4 buku teks, 1 buku teks kelas I, 2 buku teks kelas IV dan 1 buku teks kelas V. Analisis muatan literasi statistik pada buku teks Matematika pada PMM jenjang sekolah dasar dilakukan pada 4 buku tersebut sudah menyajikan muatan literasi statistik sesuai kurikulum yang berlaku. Level kognitif kemampuan literasi statistik yang tersaji pada buku tersebut meliputi pemahaman, penerapan, evaluasi dan penalaran.
Pengembangan E-Modul Etnomatematika Batik Berbasis PjBL untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Cahyadi Firman , M. Zainuddin  , Arifin Slamet
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan sebuah produk berupa e-modul etnomatematika batik berbasis Project Based Learning (PjBL) yang valid, praktis, dan efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan menggunakan desain RnD model 4D. Pada tahapan penelitian, validasi produk dilakukan oleh ahli media dan ahli materi. Produk penelitian diujicobakan dengan melibatkan 19 siswa kelas IV yang terdiri dari 9 laki-laki dan 10 perempuan. Data penelitian dilakukan menggunakan wawancara, angket, dan tes. Wawancara digunakan untuk meneliti kondisi awal dan kebutuhan, angket siswa dan guru digunakan untuk mengetahui praktikalitas e-modul, dan tes dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Analisis dilakukan dengan statistic deskriptif dan uji t. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh hasil yang menunjukkan (1) e-modul etnomatematika dinyatakan valid dan layak untuk diterapkan, (2) e-modul etnomatematika dinyatakan praktis, dan (3) e-modul etnomatematika dinyatakan efektif dan terbukti bisa meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa.
Scientific Opinion on additional scientific data related to the safety of monacolins from red yeast rice submitted pursuant to Article 8(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1925/2006
Authors:   EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA), Turck Dominique , Bohn Torsten , Cámara Montaña , Castenmiller Jacqueline , De Henauw Stefaan , Hirsch‐Ernst Karen Ildico , Jos Ángeles , Mangelsdorf Inge , McNulty Breige , Naska Androniki , Pentieva Kristina , Siani Alfonso , Thies Frank , Matijević Leonard , Martinez Silvia Valtueña , Maciuk Alexandre
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety of monacolins from red yeast rice (RYR), which have been placed under Union scrutiny in Part C of Annex III in accordance with Article 8(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1925/2006. The NDA Panel reviewed the additional scientific data submitted during the period of scrutiny, which included analytical data on the composition of RYR supplements, the intake of monacolins from other dietary sources, in vitro bioaccessibility and cytotoxicity data of monacolins vs. other statins, nutrivigilance/post‐marketing data, case reports and clinical studies. Based on the new nutrivigilance data provided, the NDA Panel reiterates the concerns of the ANS Panel (EFSA ANS Panel, 2018) that exposure to monacolin K from RYR at intake levels as low as 3 mg/day could lead to severe adverse effects on the musculoskeletal system, including rhabdomyolysis, and on the liver. The NDA Panel concludes that the data submitted by interested parties during the Union scrutiny period do not allow establishing the safety of monacolins in RYR supplements below 3 mg/day or to identify a daily intake of monacolins from RYR in food supplements that does not raise safety concerns for the general population or vulnerable subgroups thereof.
DISAPPEARING HERITAGE: PROMOTION AND PRESERVATION OF INDIAN FOLK ART
Authors: Choudhry Zainab , Naseem Bushra
Published: February 2025

India is a country with rich customs and a varied population, all of which are deeply ingrained in the country's history. The folk arts, which are ancient manifestations of creativity and individuality passed down through the years, are the foundation of this cultural fabric. However, many of these old art forms are in danger of disappearing due to the quick speed of modernisation. This study examines the declining Indian folk arts and the need of preserving these priceless cultural assets. India's disappearing folk arts are live testaments to the many cultural landscapes that make up the nation, not only artistic expressions. From the intricate wood carvings of Kashmir to the vibrant Pattachitra paintings of Bengal and Odisha, each art form carries with it, centuries of history, tradition, and storytelling. However, many of these artistic expressions are in danger of disappearing completely as traditional lifestyles become increasingly urbanised and obsolete.
A vállalatméret, hozzáadott érték és technológiai fejlődés hatásai a könyvvizsgálói piac szerkezetére és teljesítményére a V4 országokban
Authors: Hegedűs Mihály
Published: February 2025

Jelen tanulmány a vállalatméret, a hozzáadott érték és a technológiai fejlődés gazdasági
teljesítményre gyakorolt hatásait vizsgálja a könyvvizsgálói piac kontextusában a V4
országokra vonatkozóan. Az elemzés az Eurostat nyilvános adatbázisán alapul, amely
átfogó gazdasági mutatókat tartalmaz a szektor szereplőiről. Többszörös regressziós
modellek és varianciaanalízis segítségével vizsgáljuk, hogy a vállalatméret és a
hozzáadott érték milyen mértékben befolyásolja a nettó árbevételt és a
termelékenységet. Kiemelt figyelmet fordítunk a mesterséges intelligencia és az
automatizáció szerepére, amelyek jelentős átalakulást idéznek elő a könyvvizsgálati
folyamatokban. Eredményeink hozzájárulnak a könyvvizsgálói szektor strukturális
változásainak mélyebb megértéséhez, és alapot szolgáltatnak a gazdasági teljesítményt
befolyásoló tényezők hatékony kezeléséhez.
Egy lehetséges Cash flow kimutatás modell az Államháztartási számvitelről szóló 4/2013. (I. 11.) Korm. rendelet szemléletmódjában
Authors: Lukács László István
Published: February 2025

Magyarországon a jelenleg hatályos államháztartás számviteléről szóló 4/2013. (I. 11.) Korm. rendelet (a továbbiakban: Áhsz.) szabályozása alapján az államháztartási szervezetek számviteli rendszere a módosított eredményszemléletre épül. Az Áhsz. előírásai alapján egymás mellett párhuzamosan két számviteli alrendszer érvényesül, a pénzforgalmi szemléletű költségvetési számvitel és a módosított eredményszemléletű pénzügyi számvitel. Habár a magyar államháztartási számviteli rendszerben fontos tényező a pénzforgalom nyomon követése, és készülnek is pénzforgalmi szemléletű pénzügyi kimutatások, ennek ellenére az Áhsz. nem tartalmaz előírásokat egy egységes rendszerbe foglalt cash flow kimutatás összeállítására vonatkozólag. Az államháztartási számvitel nemzetközi szabályozásának területén van javaslat a cash flow kimutatás összeállítására, de az nincsen összhangban a magyar szabályozással. A tanulmány célja egy lehetséges cash flow modell felvázolása a magyar államháztartási számviteli rendszernek megfelelően, a költségvetési számvitel és a pénzügyi számvitel által szolgáltatott információkra építve.
Dextran phosphate stabilized selenium nanoparticles for creating a prolonged-release form of doxorubicin
Authors: Aharodnikau U E. , Yedchyk A. V. , Pristromova Yu. I. , Baranouskaya A. V. , Karcheuskaya A. G. , Yunusov Kh. , Sarymsakov A. , Rashidova S. , Alinovskaya V. А. , Bychkovsky P. M. , Yurkshtovich T. L.
Published: February 2025

Nanobiotechnology is an actively developing field of science, which finds application in cancer therapy, molecular diagnostics and molecular imaging. In this work, selenium nanoparticles were successfully obtained by chemical reduction of selenite ions with ascorbic acid in dextran phosphate (DP) solutions, which was used as a stabilizer. It has been found that dextran phosphate coated nanoparticles are stable during storage for 3 days. Sorption of the antitumor substance doxorubicin was studied in the concentration range from 0.1 mg/ml to 1 mg/ml. A significant prolongation of cytostatic release from stabilized nanoparticles was shown. Selenium nanoparticles coated with water-soluble DP can be used to create broad-spectrum drugs, in particular, antitumor drugs that compensate for selenium deficiency in the body.
PERTENCIMENTO E COISIFICAÇÃO EM ADUA, DE IGIABA SCEGO
Authors: Chiapinotto Tiago Miguel , Peres Alós Anselmo
Published: February 2025

Resumo: Adua (2018) é um romance que narra a jornada de uma imigrante somali na Itália dos anos 1970. Adua, personagem principal, migra junto da equipe de produção do filme que participa, com o intuito de tornar-se famosa. Após sofrer abusos no novo continente, estabelece-se, casa-se e mantém uma vida tranquila. Nesse contexto de migrações e de abusos, é possível analisar os processos de pertencimento presentes nas relações humanas, tanto do local social em que cada indivíduo participa, como da coisificação, que torna alguém objeto de outra pessoa. Adua possibilita analisar ambos processos, presentes e característicos das relações sociais da pós-modernidade.
 
Palavras-chave: Migração; Pertencimento; Pós-modernidade; Pós-colonialidade.