bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Positioning and Detection of Rigid Pavement Cracks Using GNSS Data and Image Processing
Authors: Nasrallah Ahmed A. , Abdelfatah mohamed , Attia Mohamed I. E. , El-Fiky Gamal
Published: November 2023

Modern pavement management systems depend mainly on pavement condition assessment to plan rehabilitation strategies. To assess pavement damages conventionally, manual inspection are performed by trained inspectors. This can be time-consuming and a source of risk for inspectors. Moreover, manual inspection can highly affected by the state of mind of inspectors. To overcome such problems, image based inspection using smartphone camera combined with image processing methods can be used. This combination is relatively cheaper and easier to use. This research proposes an automatic crack detection and mapping program for rigid pavement which can automate visual inspection process. The program consists of various image processing techniques that are used to identify and detect cracks from images. Detected cracks are defined in a pixel coordinate system. Cracks coordinates are converted from pixel coordinates to global coordinates in order to compute their lengths using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) data. The performance of the program was assessed with field study. Cracks quantification process is performed to determine crack lengths and areas. The results show that the precision, recall and accuracy values for the program’s image processing algorithm are 57.00%, 98.81% and 65.22% respectively.
Dose-responses of virtual reality exposure on chronic pain phenotypes: A pilot study
Authors: Canori Alexandra , Wright W. Geoffrey , Coffman Donna L. , Finley Margaret A. , Hiremath Shivayogi V.
Published: November 2023

Background
For individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), chronic pain interferes with physical health, function, and quality of life. Virtual reality (VR) is a promising intervention that has been effective in reducing neuropathic pain for individuals with SCI, however there is no standardization for dosage of VR administered, and the efficacy of VR for chronic nociceptive pain is unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the responses between chronic pain and exposure time to virtual reality (VR) in two pain phenotypes in SCI.
Methods
A prospective, repeated measures study was conducted with 17 individuals with SCI who engaged with VR for a five-minute and ten-minute bout. Pain intensity ratings were assessed at baseline and after each bout of VR.
Results
Responses to VR were different for each pain phenotype. A statistically significant decrease in neuropathic pain was achieved within a five-minute bout, and this decrease was maintained at the end of both VR sessions, whereas no change in nociceptive pain level was observed.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that different mechanisms of pain modulation are activated through VR exposure in each pain phenotype, and that five-minute sessions may be clinically sufficient for modulation of neuropathic pain in individuals with SCI.
Trial registration
NCT05236933
IMACA – Automated wood identification system of Colombian timber species using convolutional neural networks
Authors: Urbano Carlos Felipe Ordoñez , Vargas-Cañas Rubiel , Mariño Néstor Milcíades Diaz
Published: November 2023

Monitoring and controlling illegal timber trafficking remains a formidable global challenge. The timber sector faces this issue without practical and on-site support systems to facilitate these tasks, and there exists a limited availability of technological and automated tools to assist control personnel in fulfilling their responsibilities. The challenge intensifies in regions where workers possess inadequate expertise in confidently identifying the forest species involved in illegal trade. This paper introduces the architectural framework and a computational model for a digital support tool designed to recognize twenty timber species that are illicitly traded in the Colombian Amazon region. A lightweight convolutional neural network was trained using the transfer learning approach and an in-house generated dataset. The resulting model was deployed on the cloud, following Software as a Service principles, and on a portable embedded system. The prototype exhibits a classification performance exceeding 93%, successfully emulating real-world conditions in the field, including challenges such as imprecise cutting techniques, low-resolution image capture devices, and images captured at varying orientations. Furthermore, the classifier model has been incorporated into a chatbot and a low-cost microcomputer, enabling rapid responses in less than ten seconds. This integration enhances versatility, reduces the subjectivity of the identification process, supports both online and offline operation, and offers potential scalability for the entire system.
NNMT orchestrates the proangiogenic phenotype of cancer-associated fibroblasts via epigenetically regulating ETS2 in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Xinmiao , Zhao Hui , Luo Xinyue , Chen Yang , Shi Congyu , Wang Yifan , Bai Junqiang , Shao Zhe , Shang Zhengjun
Published: November 2023

Tumor angiogenesis is pivotal in tumorigenesis and progression. While cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are known to promote angiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the underlying mechanisms by which CAFs facilitate angiogenesis within the tumor microenvironment remain elusive. Nicotinamide N'-methyltransferase (NNMT), a member of the N-methyltransferase family, is found to be highly expressed and is identified as a key molecule in the activation of CAFs and the progression of OSCC. Here, combined with our newly established assembled organoid model and fibroblast-endothelial cell (EC) co-culture model, we discovered that stromal NNMT contributed to angiogenesis and tumor growth. Intriguingly, knocking down NNMT in CAFs in OSCC reduced VEGFA expression both in vivo and in vitro. At the molecular level, high expression of NNMT in CAFs promotes ETS2 expression by regulating H3K27 methylation level through mediating methylation deposition. Moreover, ETS2 was furtherly verified to be an activating transcription factor of VEGFA in this study. Collectively, our findings delineated a molecular network in which stromal NNMT initiated an epigenetic reprogramming-ETS2-VEGFA signaling axis, thereby modulating angiogenesis in OSCC.
Inclusive reconstruction of the Lambda 0 Hyperon at Center-of-Mass Energies from 4.13 GeV to 4.44 GeV at BESIII
Authors:   , Himmelreich Mathilde
Published: November 2023

In the last twenty years, a variety of unexpected resonances had been observed within the charmonium mass region. Although the existence of unconventional states has been predicted by the quantum chromodynamics (QCD), a quantum field theory describing the strong force, a clear evidence was missing. The Y(4260) is such an unexpected and supernummerary state, first observed at BaBar in 2005, and aroused great interest, because it couples much stronger to hidden charm decays (charm-anticharm states like J/Psi or h_c) instead of open charm decays (D meson pairs). This is unusual for states with masses above the D anti-D threshold. Furthermore, it decays into a charged exotic state Y(4260)->Z_c(3900)^+- pi^-+. The charge of the Z_c(3900)^+- is an indication that it comprises of two more quarks than the charm-anticharm pair, and could therefore be assumed to be a four-quark state. Due to these still not understood properties of these QCD-allowed states, they are referred to as exotic XYZ states to emphasize their particularity. In 2017, the collaboration of the Beijing Spectrometer III (BESIII) investigated the production reaction of the Y(4260) resonance based on a high-luminosity data set. This significantly improved precision of the measurement of the cross-section sigma(e+e- -> J/Psi pi^+ pi^-) permitted a resolution into two resonances, the Y(4230) and the Y(4360). The Z_c(3900)^+- had been discovered by the BESIII collaboration in 2013, thus this experiment at the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider II (BEPCII) is a top-performing facililty to study exotic charmonium-like states. In this work, an inclusive reconstruction of the strange hyperon Lambda in the charmonium mass region is performed to study possible decays of Y states in order to provide further insight into their nature. Finding more states or new decay channels may provide crucial hints to understand the strong interaction beyond nonperturbative approaches. Three resonances are observed in the energy dependent cross-section: the first with a mass of (4222.01 +- 5.68) MeV and a width of (154.26 +- 28.16) MeV, the second with a mass of (4358.88 +- 4.97) MeV and a width of (49.58 +- 13.54) MeV and the third with a mass of (4416.41 +- 2.37) MeV and a width of (23.88 +- 7.18) MeV. These resonances, with a statistical significance Z > 5sigma, can be interpreted as the states Y(4230), Y(4360) and psi(4415). Additionally, a proton momentum-dependent analysis strategy has been used in terms of the inclusiveness of the reconstruction and to address the momentum discrepancies between generic MC and measured data.
Método para desenvolvimento da gestão de qualidade na produção de alimentos por agricultoras familiares
Authors: SEVERINO Vanessa Gisele Pasqualotto , OLIVEIRA Yasmine Fernandes , SANTOS Andréia Pereira dos , ROSA Tainara da Fonseca , PAULA Vitor Nicomendes de , BARROS Jupyracyara Jandyra de Carvalho , NEVES Pedro Arantes , SEVERINO Maico Roris
Published: November 2023

O Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) é uma política pública que busca garantir a nutrição dosestudantes das escolas públicas e fortalecer a agricultura familiar. No entanto, o PNAE estabelece que, no mínimo, 30% dos recursos destinados à compra dos produtos que compõem a alimentação escolar devem ser provenientes da agricultura familiar local, o que muitas vezes não é atendido devido a desafios sanitários e à baixa qualidade dos produtos fornecidos.Foi desenvolvido um programa de extensão aplicando um método para formar as agricultoras familiares quanto às exigências sanitárias e à gestão de qualidade dos alimentos, possibilitando a preparação de oficinas e cartilhas pertinentes à gestão da qualidade e da produção, além da adaptação de técnicas de análise química e microbiológica para uso pela comunidade.Obteve sucesso na participação em programas de compras governamentais e na criação de um método para o desenvolvimento da gestão de qualidade na produção de alimentos.
Linking ladder operators for the Rosen-Morse and Pöschl-Teller systems
Authors: Garneau-Desroches Simon , Hussin Véronique
Published: November 2023

An analysis of the realizations of the ladder operators for the Rosen-Morse and Pöschl-Teller quantum systems is carried out. The failure of the algebraic method of construction in the general Rosen-Morse case is exposed and explained. We present the reduction of a recently obtained set of (2n ± 1)(2n±1)-th-order Rosen-Morse ladder operators to the usual first-order realization for the Pöschl-Teller case known in the literature.
Spin degrees of freedom incorporated in conformal group: Introduction of an intrinsic momentum operator
Authors: Kuwata Seiichi
Published: November 2023

Considering spin degrees of freedom incorporated in the conformal generators, we introduce an intrinsic momentum operator \pi_\muπμ, which is feasible for the Bhabha wave equation. If a physical state \psi_{ph}ψph for spin s is annihilated by the \pi_\muπμ, the degree of \psi_{ph}ψph, deg \psi_{ph}ψph, should equal twice the spin degrees of freedom, 2 ( 2 s + 1)2(2s+1) for a massive particle, where the multiplicity 22 indicates the chirality. The relation deg \psi_{ph}ψph = 2(2s+1) holds in the representation R_5R5 (s,s), irreducible representation of the Lorentz group in five dimensions.
Group theoretical derivation of consistent particle theories
Authors: Nisticò Giuseppe Antonio
Published: November 2023

Current quantum theories of an elementary free particle assume unitary space inversion and anti-unitary time reversal operators. In so doing robust classes of possible theories are discarded. The present work shows that consistent theories can be derived through a strictly deductive development from the principle of relativistic invariance and position covariance, also with anti-unitary space inversion and unitary time reversal operators. In doing so the class of possible consistent theories is extended for positive but also zero mass particles. In particular, consistent theories for a Klein-Gordon particle are derived and the non-localizability theorem for a non zero helicity massless particle is extended.
On Möbius gyrogroup and Möbius gyrovector space
Authors: Mavaddat Nezhaad Kurosh , Ashrafi Ali Reza
Published: November 2023

Gyrogroups are new algebraic structures that appeared in 1988 in the study of Einstein’s velocity addition in the special relativity theory. These new algebraic structures were studied intensively by Abraham Ungar. The first gyrogroup that was considered into account is the unit ball of Euclidean space \mathbb{R}^3ℝ3 endowed with Einstein’s velocity addition. The second geometric example of a gyrogroup is the complex unit disk \mathbb{D}𝔻={z ∈ \mathbb{C}: |z|<1ℂ:|z|<1}. To construct a gyrogroup structure on \mathbb{D}𝔻, we choose two elements z_1, z_2 ∈\mathbb{D}z1,z2∈𝔻 and define the Möbius addition by z_1\oplus z_2 = \frac{z_1+z_2}{1+\bar{z_1}z_2}z1⊕z2=z1+z21+z1‾z2. Then (\mathbb{D},\oplus)(𝔻,⊕) is a gyrocommutative gyrogroup. If we define r \odot xr⊙x==\frac{(1+|x|)^r - (1-|x|)^r}{(1+|x|)^r + (1-|x|)^r}\frac{x}{|x|}(1+|x|)r−(1−|x|)r(1+|x|)r+(1−|x|)rx|x|, where x ∈ \mathbb{D}x∈𝔻 and r ∈ \mathbb{R}r∈ℝ, then (\mathbb{D},\oplus,\odot)(𝔻,⊕,⊙) will be a real gyrovector space. This paper aims to survey the main properties of these Möbius gyrogroup and Möbius gyrovector space.
Clocking mechanism from a minimal spinning particle model
Authors: Pietrzak Tobiasz , Bratek Łukasz
Published: November 2023

The clock hypothesis plays an important role in the theory of relativity. To test this hypothesis, a mechanical model of an ideal clock is needed. Such a model should have the phase of its intrinsic periodic motion increasing linearly with the affine parameter of the clock’s center of mass worldline. A class of relativistic rotators introduced by Staruszkiewicz in the context of an ideal clock is studied. A singularity in the inverse Legendre transform leading from the Hamiltonian to the Lagrangian leads to new possible Lagrangians characterized by fixed values of mass and spin. In free motion the rotators exhibit intrinsic motion with the speed of light and fixed frequency.
On the spin content of the classical massless Rarita-Schwinger system
Authors: Valenzuela Mauricio , Zanelli Jorge
Published: November 2023

We analyze the Rarita-Schwinger massless theory in the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian approaches. At the Lagrangian level, the standard gamma-trace gauge fixing constraint leaves a 1/2 and a 3/2 propagating Poincaré group helicities. At the Hamiltonian level, the result depends on whether the Dirac conjecture is assumed or not. In the affirmative case, a secondary first class constraint is added to the total Hamiltonian and a corresponding gauge fixing condition must be imposed, completely removing the 1/2 sector. In the opposite case, the 1/2 field propagates and the Hamilton field equations match the Euler-Lagrange equations.
EVALUATION OF THE BEHAVIOR OF RUBBER TEAS IN THE MARGINAL ZONE OF COTE DIVOIRE: CASE OF THE LOCALITIES OF MAN, TOUMODI AND PRIKRO
Authors:   University of Jean Lorougnon Guede, UFR Agroforestry, Laboratory for the Improvement of Agricultural Production, PO Box 150 Daloa, Ivory Coast., Antoine Koffi ,   National Center for Agronomic Research, CNRA/Bimbresso Research Station, Rubber Tree Program, Agronomy-Physiology Laboratory, 01 PO Box 1536 Abidjan 01, Ivory Coast., Djezou Konan ,   National Center for Agronomic Research, CNRA/Bimbresso Research Station, Rubber Tree Program, Agronomy-Physiology Laboratory, 01 PO Box 1536 Abidjan 01, Ivory Coast., Metangbo Diomande ,   University of Peleforo Gon Coulibaly, UFR Biological Sciences, Department of Geosciences, BP 1328 Korhogo-Ivory Coast., Dognimeton Soro ,   University of Jean Lorougnon Guede, UFR Agroforestry, Laboratory for the Improvement of Agricultural Production, PO Box 150 Daloa, Ivory Coast., Samuel Obouayeba ,   National Center for Agronomic Research, CNRA/Bimbresso Research Station, Rubber Tree Program, Agronomy-Physiology Laboratory, 01 PO Box 1536 Abidjan 01, Ivory Coast.
Published: November 2023

For a better orientation of Ivorian rubber cultivation in new areas of occupation, a study with the main objective of evaluating the behavior of rubber trees, with a view to better orientation of the extension of this culture was undertaken in the localities of Man, Toumodi and Prikro. The plant material used was rubber tree clones. During this study, the methodology consisted of evaluatingthe evolution of trees at 1.7m from the ground for mature plants and 1m from the ground for immature plants by measuring the circumference of the trees planted with a tape measure on different biotopes and soil textures previously defined. Production, dry notch rate and dry notch length of mature trees was also measured on the same parameters of the previous crop and texture. The results revealed thatthe previous cultivation of the rubber plots influences the mortality rate of the plants with a low rate observed in Man (17.30%) on the previous forest, also the trees had good growth on this previous one in Man (8.5cm.year-1) and Prikro (9cm.year-1). At ground level, the plants had a better level of radial growth in the localities of Man (8.30 and 9.06 cm.year-1) and Prikro (8.01 cm.year-1) with a more texture clayey (25% < clay < 50%). The average rubber production was also better in Man on the previous forest crop (63.85 Â± 15.1 g.a-1s-1) similarly for the more clayey texture (25% < clay < 50%) with 63.27 Â± 6 .1 g.a-1s-1. Rubber production from these new localities was generally good. So, through the results of this investigation, it should be noted that new rubber growing areas could be an asset for rubber production in CÃ´te dIvoire. As a result, this culture can be encouraged in these areas, but with monitoring and supervision of producers on good agricultural practices.
CARACTERISATION GENETIQUE DES ACCESSIONS DE POIVRON (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.) DE LA REGION DE DIFFA, NIGER
Authors:   Laboratoire de Gestion et Valorisation de la Biodiversite au Sahel, Departement de Biologie, Faculte des Sciences etTechniques, Universite Abdou Moumouni, BP 10662 Niamey, Niger., Diagara Saley Moussa , Issa Amadou Harouna ,   Laboratoire de Gestion et Valorisation de la Biodiversite au Sahel, Departement de Biologie, Faculte des Sciences etTechniques, Universite Abdou Moumouni, BP 10662 Niamey, Niger., Aichatou Assoumane ,   Laboratoire de Gestion et Valorisation de la Biodiversite au Sahel, Departement de Biologie, Faculte des Sciences etTechniques, Universite Abdou Moumouni, BP 10662 Niamey, Niger., Agali Alhassane ,   Departement Information et Recherche, Centre Regional AGRHYMET, BP : 11011, Niamey, Niger., Chetima Maina Boukar Mamadou ,   Faculte des Sciences de lenvironnement, Universite de Diffa, BP : 78, Diffa, Niger., Kiari Boukar Kellou Kaka ,   Faculte des Sciences de lenvironnement, Universite de Diffa, BP : 78, Diffa, Niger., Moustapha Grema ,   Laboratoire de Gestion et Valorisation de la Biodiversite au Sahel, Departement de Biologie, Faculte des Sciences etTechniques, Universite Abdou Moumouni, BP 10662 Niamey, Niger.
Published: November 2023

Une etude sur la variabilite des caracteres genetiques dune collection de poivron est indispensable a un programme damelioration genetique.Lobjectif de cette etude est de tester 30 accessions de poivron suivant un dispositif de Fisher a 4 blocs, a la Station de Diffa de lInstitut National de la Recherche Agronomiquedu Niger (INRAN).6 caracteres qualitatifs et 16 caracteres quantitatifs ont ete observes et mesures.Les caracteres qui traduisent une grande variation (CV>30 %) sont le nombre total des fruits (83,98%), lepoids des fruits (62,86%), la longueur des fruits (42,48%) et la surface foliaire (30,48%).Laccession Go-027a ete plus performante en nombre total des fruits (57 fruits) et quant auxaccessions Ma-032 et Ma-033, ells ont ete plus performantespourla longueur des fruits.Une forte et positive correlation existe entre plusieurscaracteresdont phenologiques (Dat50Fl et Dat1Fr, p=080), de croissance (LgFe et Srfo, p=0,93)et de rendement (PdFr et LgFr, p=0,72).Pour tous les parametres, la variance phenotypique (Ïƒ2p) etait superieure a la variance genotypique (Ïƒ2g). La hauteur des plantes (67,66%), la largeur des fruits (65,76%) et le diametre des fruits (64,09) presentent des valeurs dheritabilite au sens large elevees (H2 Ëƒ60 %).Lanalyse en composante principale (ACP) et la classification ascendante hierarchique (CAH) ont montre la formation de 4 groupes distinctes. Le groupe G1esttardif avec une grande hauteur associe a un faible poids en fruits, le groupe G2 est compose des accessionsintermediaires, le groupe G3 est tardif avec moins de hauteur et plus de rendement en poids des fruits. Enfin le groupe G4 estprecoce, avec une grande hauteur et un bon couvert vegetal associe a des fruits longs. Cette caracterisation offre un materiel genetique aux chercheurs leur permettant dameliorer le potentiel de rendement en fruits commercialisables.
EVALUATION OF CLINICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE IN TYPE 2 LEAN DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors:   Senior Resident, Department of General Medicine, Father Muller Medical College, Kankanady, Mangaluru, Karnataka - 575 002 India., Sreenivas MD Meghana , Alva MD Jayaprakash ,   Professor, Department of General Medicine, Father Muller Medical College, Kankanady, Mangaluru, Karnataka - 575 002 India., K. MD Sudeep ,   Professor, Department of General Medicine, Father Muller Medical College, Kankanady, Mangaluru, Karnataka - 575 002 India.
Published: November 2023

Background and objectives: Various studies in India have documented Type 2 diabetes mellitus in low body weight/lean individuals. This present study was planned to assess the clinical, biochemical profile and complications in lean patients (BMI < 18.50 Kg/m2) with T2DM. Methodology: This single centre hospital based descriptive study was undertaken in the Department of General Medicine, Father Muller Medical College, Mangaluru, Karnataka. A total of 28 patients diagnosed to have T2DM with BMI <18.50 Kg/m2 were enrolled. Patients were investigated for clinical, biochemical profile and complications. Results: Equal number of patients (50% each) were males and females with male to female ratio of 1:1. The mean age was 48.61Â±7.31 and 50% of the patients were aged from 41 to 50 years. The mean duration of diabetes was being 3.55Â±2.39 years and treatment with oral hyperglycaemic agents was noted in 50% of the patients. Majority of the patients (75%) had higher waist circumference and presented with diabetic complications that is, diabetic neuropathy and nephropathy in 75% of the patients each, diabetic retinopathy in 67.86% of the patients while lipid abnormalities that is, 82.14% had hypercholesteolaemia and 89.29% had hypertriglyceridaemia. Conclusion and interpretation: Lean T2DM poses phenotypically a separate type of T2DM which is characterized by younger age at presentation with central obesity, overt hyperglycaemia leading to lipid abnormalities resulting early onset of microvascular complications.
HOSPITAL BASED RETROSPECTIVE STUDY ON COVID-19 IN ANANTHAPUR, ANDHRA PRADESH
Authors:   Associate Professor of Biochemistry, GMC, Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India., Aruna V. , Durga T. ,   Professor & HOD, Dept of Biochemistry, GMC, Ananthapuram, AP, India., Amulya T. ,   Postgraduate of Biochemistry, GMC, Ananthapuram, AP, India.
Published: November 2023

Aim :To study the role of inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and prognosis of Covid-19. To understand correlation of Inflammatory markers in RTPCR +ve Covid-19 subjects Study design: Retrospective study was conducted on Covid-19 cases admitted in Government Geeneral Hospital , Ananthapuram from June - August 2021. Material and Methods: The case records were collected from medical records section after obtaining permission from authorities. RTPCR positive case records were included for the study. Case records with past history of heart, kidney or liver disease were excluded. Laboratory data belonging to 300 individuals was collected. Among the cases 143 were males and 157 were females.Acute phase inflammatory markers , LDH, CRP, Ferritin and D-dimer , evaluated for Covid-19 patients were gathered from 300 case records. FBS was noted to discriminate diabetes status of all individuals. Results: Based on CRP values the subjects were divided into mild (0-26mg/L) , moderate (27-99 mg/L) and severe (>100mgs/L). LDH,CRP and Ferritin showed sharp rise from the normal in all subjects. The same was not detected in case of D-dimer. Statistical analysis expressed as Mean Â±SD(Standard Deviation ) for all biochemical parameters . One-way ANOVA(Analysis of Variance) of LDH.CRP, Ferritin and D-dimer of entire study group showed significant correlation , P-value <0.00001(Table 2) In moderate and severe cases based on CRP frequency peaked at 40 whereas in mild cases it was around 60. 68â™‚ and 55â™€ were found to be diabetic . The inflammatory markers did not show much difference between males & females or in the nondiabetic community. ANOVA of means of CRP ,Ferritin in diabetics was significant <0.00001 and that of LDH , D-dimer followed suit. To understand the correlation of CRP and Ferritin in mild and severe cases based on CRP ,ANOVA was performed. It was statistically significant with P value <0.00001.(Table 5). Frequency distribution of cases based on ferritin values showed 72.6% have high circulating ferritin and are prone to coagulopathy. Conclusion: Retrospective studies help us understand the outcome of disease based on biochemical parameters. Similar study , meta-analysis can be done by obtaining information from all tertiary care centres in the state and correlate information for better knowledge.
ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA - CASE REPORT
Authors: Singh Paramjit
Published: November 2023

Most head and neck cancers are derived from the mucosal epithelium in the oral cavity, pharynx andlarynx and are known collectively as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Oral cavity cancers are generally associated with tobacco consumption, alcohol abuse,exposure to environmental pollutants and infection with viral agents, namely HPV and EBV or both, whereaspharynx cancers are increasingly attributed to infection with humanpapillomavirus (HPV), primarilyHPV-16. Despiteevidence of histological progression from cellular atypia through various degrees of dysplasia,ultimately leading to invasive HNSCC, most patients are diagnosed with late-stage HNSCC without a clinically evident pre malignant lesion.
DEVELOPMENT OF A SPEECH SYNTHESIZER FOR PORTUGUESE LANGUAGE WITH HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Garcia Gondim Aliana , Erick de Almeida Brotas Ciro , Gurgel da Silva Hercules , Mark Lobo de Oliveira Jean , Augusto da Paz Elleres Pablo
Published: November 2023

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of speech synthesizers developed for the Portuguese language, focusing on hardware implementation and consideration of regional linguistic variations. Three synthesizers (A, B, and C) were evaluated in terms of regional variations, hardware implementation, efficiency, portability, ease of use, voice variation, comprehensibility, Braille compatibility, responsiveness, responsiveness, and resource consumption on mobile devices. The Synthesizer A, despite its moderate efficiency and high portability, stood out for its consideration of regional variations, easy initiation of speech synthesis, and high comprehensibility. The Synthesizer B, with hardware implementation, demonstrated efficiency and fast response times, but faced challenges in voice variation. The C Synthesizer offered high efficiency, portability, and Braille compatibility, making it suitable for a variety of devices. The detailed analysis of these synthesizers has provided valuable insights to guide the future development of these technologies.
HARMONIZING GLOBAL MARKETS: EXPLORING THE ECONOMIC DYNAMICS AND CULTURAL IMPACTS OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE ON THE GUITAR INDUSTRY
Authors: Bhatia Neel
Published: November 2023

The guitar industry is a significant player in the global economy, with a rich cultural heritage and widespread popularity. This research paper aims to analyze the economic dynamics and cultural impacts of international trade on the guitar industry. We explore the historical context, market trends, trade policies, and the influence of globalization on the production, distribution, and consumption of guitars. By examining the interconnectedness of various regions and cultural influences, this paper sheds light on the harmonizing effect of global markets on the guitar industry.
New insight into the management of psychoemotional risk factors in patients with cardiovascular diseases in middle and young age
Authors: Shishkova V. N.
Published: November 2023

Affective spectrum disorders, such as depression and anxiety disorders, are important psychoemotional risk factors for the development and complicated course of many common chronic non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular ones: arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, chronic heart failure, atrial fibrillation, acute coronary syndrome, etc. A feature of this comorbidity is the significant impact of psychoemotional factors on the motivation and adherence of patients to a healthy lifestyle, as well as various drug treatment options, which involves an increased risk of complications and, as a consequence, increased healthcare costs. The topicality of the issues of screening and management of psychoemotional disorders in the internist practice arises from a variety of reasons. On the one hand, it is a high incidence of these disorders in patients with cardiovascular diseases, including young and middle-aged ones, which is associated with a deterioration in the quality of life and an increased risk of complications and adverse outcomes in the future. On the other hand, it is caused by insufficient level of awareness among doctors about new possibilities for the management of the psychoemotional state of such patients. This review presents data on the effectiveness and safety of therapy of psychoemotional disorders in patients with various CVDs with a drug containing D,L-hopanthenic acid (rat-hopanthenic acid) as an active substance of the nootranquilizer class, which has a wide range of clinical effects, including a beneficial effect not only on psychoemotional sphere, but also on cognitive functions. The prospects for prescribing a D,L-hopantenic acid drug to young and middle-aged patients with CVD, which reduces the drug burden on the patient and provides high quality of life for patients both in hospital and at subsequent stages of treatment, are discussed. The key point is availability of an option for prolonged use of D,L-hopanthenic acid drug without any risk of addiction, withdrawal syndrome or hyperstimulation, which is an important clinical aspect of drug therapy for patients with CVD, especially in young and middle age.
The duality of asthenia and cognitive impairments in cerebral diseases
Authors: Lokshina A. B. , Zakharov V. V.
Published: November 2023

Asthenia is a pathological condition characterized by abnormal, spontaneous fatigue that occurs without exercise, continues for a long time and does not go away after rest. With asthenia, performance decreases, and difficulties arise in maintaining prolonged mental  and physical stress. The presence of these  disorders  is associated with a decrease in quality of life, an increase  in morbidity and mortality  in general. In general,  we can say that  complaints  of weakness,  tiredness and fatigue are the most common  when visiting a primary care doctor. The article  presents various clinical manifestations of asthenia, classification  and features  of these  disorders. In clinical practice, it is important to distinguish  between idiopathic  chronic fatigue  (primary or functional  asthenia)  and  chronic fatigue  syndrome  (CFS). The publication presents modern  diagnostic criteria for this syndrome. It has been  shown that  CFS should be distinguished from nonspecific  chronic fatigue, which can be observed  in various pathological conditions. The article  discusses  the classification,  as well as the features  and criteria for diagnosing of asthenic  disorders  (AD). The close  relationship and  common  pathogenetic mechanisms of the  development  of asthenia and cognitive  impairments (CI) in cerebral  diseases  are reflected. Issues of management of patients with asthenia and  concomitant CI are  discussed,  which  should  be  comprehensive and  include  non-drug  and  drug  treatment methods.  Non-drug  methods,  including  methods of cognitive  stimulation and  cognitive  training,  are  coming  to  the  fore in the treatment of various manifestations of AD. The possibilities  of therapy  with phenylpiracetam for asthenic  syndrome of various origins, including  those  with concomitant anxiety-depressive disorders  and CI, have been  shown.
The role of neurotropic B vitamins in clinical practice
Authors: Pizova N. V.
Published: November 2023

B-group vitamins are a collection of 8 water-soluble vitamins. They are cofactors for many enzymes, as well as axonal transport, synthesis of neurotransmitters and other metabolic processes. Their function can be divided into catabolic metabolism, leading to energy production, and anabolic metabolism. Some B vitamins are considered neurotrophic and play a particularly important role in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Neurotropic B-group vitamins (B1 – thiamine, B6 – pyridoxine and B12 – cyanocobalamin) play the role of modulators for the treatment of inflammation and pain, they are essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system. B vitamin deficiencies have been considered as etiological factors in the development of various neurological disorders and a broad spectrum of pathological states. The work examines in detail vitamins B1, B6 and B12 and their effect on the course of neuropathies, movement disorders, nociceptive and neuropathic pain. The issues of the synergistic action of these vitamins are highlighted. Evidence of neurotropic B vitamin treatment effectiveness of neuropathy symptoms in different groups of patients is presented. The possibility to use vitamin B1 and B6 complex in clinical practice under the condition of individual intolerance of vitamin B12 is discussed. Information about Cytipigam® compositum as a drug containing B1 and B6 is provided. A clinical case report on the effective use of this drug in clinical practice is described.
Prospects for prescription of urate-lowering therapy in patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia and gout
Authors: Panina E. V. , Eliseev M. S.
Published: November 2023

Gout is a chronic disease characterized by attacks of arthritis, most often of the lower extremities, which develop under conditions of prolonged hyperuricemia caused by environmental and/or genetic factors. In the last decade, there has been an increase in the prevalence of both hyperuricemia and gout, which causes concern not only among rheumatologists, but also among doctors of related specialties. This is due to the fact that uric acid, deposited not only in joints, but also in other organs and tissues, contributes to the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, as well as chronic kidney disease and osteoarthritis. It has been proven that even asymptomatic hyperuricemia, and not just hyperuricemia as a component of clinical gout, contributes to a more severe course of these comorbid pathologies. Probably, the maintenance of a chronic systemic inflammatory process, oxidative stress and the formation of endothelial dysfunction play a decisive role in the nosogenesis of polypathology. Accumulated scientific evidence suggests that achieving target levels of uric acid (less than 360 μmol/L in the case of atophus gout and less than 300 μmol/L in the case of tophi gout) leads to a reduction in the incidence of cerebral, cardiovascular, and renal events. Prescribing urate-lowering drugs to patients with hyperuricemia and at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoarthritis also appears promising. Among the urate-lowering drugs registered in the Russian Federation, febuxostat shows the highest efficiency and safety, and also has a nephroprotective effect, which is especially important in patients with a decrease in glomerular filtration rate.

The article examines in detail the effect of febuxostat on various organs and systems in patients with gout and asymptomatic hyperuricemia.
THE OBJECT OF ARGUMENTATION IN THE LEGAL CONTEXT: BASIC CONCEPTS AND APPROACHES
Authors: Pavlenko Zhanna , Klykov Oleksandr
Published: November 2023

The article provides an understanding of the contribution of the main approaches to decision-making in legal argumentation through a brief overview of the main concepts related to its object. It is substantiated that the concept of «point of view» as an object of argumentation in the legal context is not the same as the concept of «conclusion», «claim», «proposal», «separate opinion of the judge».
Water supply and sanitation projects in the last decade: project characteristics, multilateral development bank performance, and quality of results
Authors: Freire Machete Inês , Marques Rui Cunha
Published: November 2023

To ensure universal access to water supply and sanitation (WSS) services that are safe, reliable, sustainable, and affordable, it is important to attract the right types of financing and identify the aspects that could be hindering the success of WSS projects. In this study, 62 completed World Bank WSS projects were analyzed to understand the relationship between project characteristics, bank performance, and quality of results. The methodological approach included a systematic quantitative review and comparative, statistical, and regression analyses, considering important aspects of the projects. The existence of correlations and interactions between project results, bank performance, and key aspects of the projects (such as type of project, initial and final risk assessments, commitments and disbursements, and other characteristics) was observed. This study highlights the importance of rating and mitigating WSS project risks (especially the environmental, social, political, and governance risks) and the importance of development bank financing. The applied methodology could be used by both financiers and borrowers.
Why does a schoolboy need a proof of Fermat's Last Theorem?
Authors: Avdyev Marat Aleksandrovich
Published: November 2023

In this publication, the author proposes to find an elementary proof of Fermat's Last Theorem from the point of view of an engineering approach. As a model, a construction of three concentrically nested n-cubes or spheres with a common centre and integer edges or radii, a, b, c, is studied, provided that each point/unit cube of a small sphere corresponds to another point/unit cube of this subset of layers between the middle and the large sphere enclosed spheres. An insoluble conflict between the symmetric form and the content of the construction is studied for the case when n is greater than two. The proposed proof forces us to make broader generalisations concerning the necessity of the asymmetry of the universe as a condition for the emergence of matter and the origin of life. The proof of Fermat's Last Theorem, known as the "mathematical pearl", has an important symbolic, historical and educational significance.
Anxiety, Stress and Depression as the Notorious Barriers to Achieving a Massive Performance among Egyptian Construction Site Workers
Authors: Abdelwahed Nadia A. Abdelmegeed , Al Doghan Mohammed A. , Soomro Bahadur
Published: November 2023

In today's corporate landscape, optimizing performance has emerged as a formidable challenge for organizations, often hindered by formidable barriers and psychological factors. This study explores the role of anxiety, stress, and depression in attaining performance among Egyptian construction site workers. The quantitative analysis utilizes cross-sectional data collected from workers working at different construction sites in Egypt. The study concludes with findings from 298 valid cases. Leveraging the structural equation model (SEM) in a path analysis, the results unveil a stark negative impact of anxiety (p-value = 0.199), stress (p-value = 0.115), and depression (p-value = 0.209) on overall performance. Furthermore, it underscores the noteworthy predictive power of anxiety (p-value = 0.000) and stress (p-value = 0.000) on depression. These findings carry implications for both policy-makers and psychologists, offering valuable guidance for the formulation of strategies aimed at reducing anxiety, stress, and depression to catalyze enhanced performance. Besides, this study contributes a meaningful empirical perspective to the broader psychological and medical literature drawn from the unique context of construction site workers in a developing nation.
Additional Value From Free-Text Diagnoses in Electronic Health Records: Hybrid Dictionary and Machine Learning Classification Study
Authors: Mehra Tarun , Wekhof Tobias , Keller Dagmar Iris
Published: November 2023

Background

Physicians are hesitant to forgo the opportunity of entering unstructured clinical notes for structured data entry in electronic health records. Does free text increase informational value in comparison with structured data?

Objective

This study aims to compare information from unstructured text-based chief complaints harvested and processed by a natural language processing (NLP) algorithm with clinician-entered structured diagnoses in terms of their potential utility for automated improvement of patient workflows.

Methods

Electronic health records of 293,298 patient visits at the emergency department of a Swiss university hospital from January 2014 to October 2021 were analyzed. Using emergency department overcrowding as a case in point, we compared supervised NLP-based keyword dictionaries of symptom clusters from unstructured clinical notes and clinician-entered chief complaints from a structured drop-down menu with the following 2 outcomes: hospitalization and high Emergency Severity Index (ESI) score.

Results

Of 12 symptom clusters, the NLP cluster was substantial in predicting hospitalization in 11 (92%) clusters; 8 (67%) clusters remained significant even after controlling for the cluster of clinician-determined chief complaints in the model. All 12 NLP symptom clusters were significant in predicting a low ESI score, of which 9 (75%) remained significant when controlling for clinician-determined chief complaints. The correlation between NLP clusters and chief complaints was low (r=−0.04 to 0.6), indicating complementarity of information.

Conclusions

The NLP-derived features and clinicians’ knowledge were complementary in explaining patient outcome heterogeneity. They can provide an efficient approach to patient flow management, for example, in an emergency medicine setting. We further demonstrated the feasibility of creating extensive and precise keyword dictionaries with NLP by medical experts without requiring programming knowledge. Using the dictionary, we could classify short and unstructured clinical texts into diagnostic categories defined by the clinician.
Effectiveness and Feasibility of Telehealth-Based Dietary Interventions Targeting Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Trivedi Rupal , Elshafie Shaimaa , Tackett Randall , Young Henry , Sattler Elisabeth Lilian Pia
Published: November 2023

Background

Telehealth-based dietary interventions were recommended for cardiovascular disease (CVD) management during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, data regarding their effectiveness and feasibility are limited.

Objective

We aimed to examine (1) the effectiveness of telehealth-based dietary interventions in improving clinical CVD risk factors and (2) the feasibility of these interventions among individuals with CVD.

Methods

To conduct this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 2 investigators searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases based on predetermined search terms and included English-language RCTs published between January 2000 and July 2022. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess RCT quality. To evaluate intervention effectiveness, weight, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, or blood glucose were compared postintervention in telehealth and usual care (UC) groups. Feasibility was determined through the number of participants retained in intervention and UC groups. Pooled data for each CVD outcome were analyzed using a random effects model. Mean difference (MD), standardized MD, or risk ratio were calculated using R software.

Results

A total of 13 RCTs with 3013 participants were included in the analysis to assess the effectiveness and feasibility of telehealth-based dietary interventions among individuals with CVD. Participants had a mean age of 61.0 (SD 3.7) years, and 18.5% (n=559) were women. Approximately one-third of RCTs were conducted in the United States (n=4, 31%). Included studies used telephone, app, text, audio-visual media, or website-based interventions. Of the 13 included studies, 3 were of high quality, 9 were of moderate quality, and only 1 was of low quality. Pooled estimates showed systolic blood pressure (MD –2.74, 95% CI –4.93 to –0.56) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (standardized MD –0.11, 95% CI –0.19 to –0.03) to be significantly improved among individuals with CVD as a result of telehealth-based dietary interventions compared to UC. No significant difference in effectiveness was detected for weight, BMI, and levels of diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides between telehealth-based dietary interventions and UC among those with CVD. There was no significant difference between the feasibility of telehealth-based dietary interventions versus UC. Significant I2 indicated moderate to considerable heterogeneity.

Conclusions

Telehealth-based dietary interventions show promise in addressing CVD risk factors.