bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gender and population history: Sex bias revealed by studying genetic admixture of Ngazidja population (Comoro Archipelago)
Authors: Gourjon Géraud , Boëtsch Gilles , Degioanni Anna
Published: February 2011

The peopling of Comoro Archipelago is defined by successive waves of migration from three main areas: the East African Coast (Bantu‐speaking populations), the Persia and Arabian Peninsula, and Southeast Asia (especially Indonesia). It follows an apparent classic trihybrid admixture model. To better understand the Comorian population admixture dynamics, we analyzed the contributions of these three historical parental components to its genetic pool. To enhance accuracy and reliability, we used both classical and molecular markers. Samples consist of published data: blood group frequencies, 14 KIR genes, 19 mitochondrial DNA SNPs (to highlight female migrations), 14 Y chromosome SNPs (male migrations). We revealed distinct admixture patterns for autosomal and uniparental markers. KIR gene frequencies had never been used to estimate admixture rates, this being a first assessment of their informative power in admixture studies. To avoid major methodological and statistical bias, we determined admixture coefficients through nine well‐tried estimators and their associated software programs (ADMIX95, ADMIX, admix 2.0, LEA, LEADMIX, and Mistura). Results from mtDNA and Y chromosome markers point to an important sex‐bias in the admixture event. The original Bantu gene pool received a predominant male‐mediated contribution from the Arabian Peninsula and Persia, and a female‐mediated contribution from Southeast Asia. Admixture rates estimated from autosomal KIR gene markers point also to an unexpected elevated Austronesian contribution. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse by ultrasound energy and dilute acid
Authors: Esfahani Milad Rabbani , Azin Mehrdad
Published: February 2011

In order to improve the efficiency of conversion of lignocellulosic materials to simple sugars in an environmentally friendly manner, the efficiency of ultrasonic pretreatment, as an alternative pretreatment method to conventional ones, was studied. Ultrasound waves with their mechanical features on degradation of organic network and effect on the chemical reactions can be used as the new method for pretreatment of lignocellulosic material. The influences of enzyme, particle size, acid concentration, power of ultrasound, and time of irradiation of ultrasound on releasing the simple sugars were investigated. The optimal conditions of pretreatment were obtained by using Taguchi method. The results indicate that the sequence of influential factors is enzyme, particle size, acid concentration, duration of ultrasonication, and power of ultrasound. Under optimal conditions (using enzyme, particle size < 0.18 mm, acid concentration (v/v) 3%, ultrasound power 120 W and 180 s ultrasound time) the sugars' yield was 26.01 (g/L) which was 94.49% of the expected theoretical result. This suggests that ultrasound‐acid pretreatment of sugar cane bagasse can be used as an effective method for pretreatment though at this stage much more information is required. Copyright © 2011 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antiinflammatory and antifibrotic effects of the oral direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran etexilate in a murine model of interstitial lung disease
Authors: Bogatkevich Galina S. , Ludwicka‐Bradley Anna , Nietert Paul J. , Akter Tanjina , van Ryn Joanne , Silver Richard M.
Published: February 2011

Objective

Activation of the coagulation cascade leading to generation of thrombin has been documented extensively in various forms of lung injury, including that associated with systemic sclerosis. We previously demonstrated that the direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran inhibits thrombin‐induced profibrotic signaling in lung fibroblasts. This study was undertaken to test whether dabigatran etexilate attenuates lung injury in a murine model of interstitial lung disease.

Methods

Lung injury was induced in female C57BL/6 mice by a single intratracheal instillation of bleomycin. Dabigatran etexilate was given as supplemented chow beginning on day 1 of bleomycin instillation (early treatment, study of antiinflammatory effect) or on day 8 following bleomycin instillation (late treatment, study of antifibrotic effect). Mice were killed 2 weeks or 3 weeks after bleomycin instillation, and lung tissue, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and plasma were investigated.

Results

Both early treatment and late treatment with dabigatran etexilate attenuated the development of bleomycin‐induced pulmonary fibrosis. Dabigatran etexilate significantly reduced thrombin activity and levels of transforming growth factor β1 in BAL fluid, while simultaneously reducing the number of inflammatory cells and protein concentrations. Histologically evident lung inflammation and fibrosis were significantly decreased in dabigatran etexilate–treated mice. Additionally, dabigatran etexilate reduced collagen, connective tissue growth factor, and α‐smooth muscle actin expression in mice with bleomycin‐induced lung fibrosis, whereas it had no effect on basal levels of these proteins.

Conclusion

Inhibition of thrombin using the oral direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran etexilate has marked antiinflammatory and antifibrotic effects in a bleomycin model of pulmonary fibrosis. Our data provide preclinical information about the feasibility and efficacy of dabigatran etexilate as a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of interstitial lung disease.
Vergleichende Analyse der thermischen Beanspruchungs intensitäten bei normativen Raumbrandversuchen
Authors: Bansemer Björn , Klinksiek Malte , Wittbecker Friedrich‐Wilhelm
Published: February 2011

International existieren verschiedene genormte Raumbrandprüfungen, in welchen das Brandverhalten von Wand‐ und Deckenprodukten unter realitätsnahen Einbaubedingungen untersucht wird. Die Prüfmethoden unterscheiden sich zum Teil erheblich hinsichtlich der Raumgeometrie, der Ventilationsöffnungen bzw. ‐verhältnisse sowie der Art und Leistung der verwendeten Zündquellen. Auf der Basis von Brandsimulationsrechnungen mit dem CFD‐Code FDS wurde die Intensität der resultierenden thermischen Produktbeanspruchung für ausgewählte Prüfräume vergleichend analysiert. Die Simulationsergebnisse zeigen, dass zwischen den betrachteten Methoden deutliche Unterschiede bestehen, die zu inkonsistenten Produktbeurteilungen führen können.

Comparative analysis of thermal exposure conditions in standard room fire tests. Various standards exist worldwide that describe room fire tests for determining the reaction to fire behaviour of wall and ceiling products under end‐use conditions. The test methods differ with respect to the room geometry, the ventilation conditions and the type and heat output of the ignition source. Numerical simulations were performed using the CFD code FDS to comparatively analyse the resulting thermal exposure conditions for selected test rooms. The simulation results exhibit considerable differences between the analysed test methods, which may lead to inconsistent product assessments.
Untersuchungen zum Versagen von Klebfugen unter klimatischer Langzeitbeanspruchung
Authors: Schnider Thomas , Niemz Peter , Steiger Benjamin , von Arx Urs
Published: February 2011

An Klebverbindungen werden im Konstruktiven Holzbau hohe Anforderungen hinsichtlich Güte und Dauerhaftigkeit gestellt. Mit 1‐K PUR, MUF und PRF verklebte Lamellen aus Rotbuche und Fichte wurden einer Freibewitterung, einer künstlichen Bewitterung und einem feucht‐trocken Wechselklima ausgesetzt. Nach einer abgestuften Behandlungsdauer wurden die Zugscherfestigkeit sowie die Schalllaufzeit senkrecht zur Klebfuge und die Eigenfrequenz bei Biegeschwingungen bestimmt. Ergänzend wurde die Delaminierungsbeständigkeit an Brettschichtholz aus Fichte nach DIN EN 302‐2 durchgeführt. Im untersuchten Behandlungszeitraum wurde bei allen Proben keine erkennbare Delaminierung festgestellt. Ein Zusammenhang zwischen Behandlungsdauer und Zugscherfestigkeit konnte nicht nachgewiesen werden. Ebenso bestand keine gesicherte Korrelation zwischen der Zugscherfestigkeit und der Schalllaufzeit sowie der Eigenfrequenz.

Investigations on the failure of bond lines under long‐term climatic stress. With 1‐K PUR, MUF and PRF parallel to the grain glued lamellas of spruce and beech were exposed to different climatic loads (natural and artificial weathering, controlled alternating moist‐dry climate). All adhesives are approved for use in timber construction. After shortening the weathering duration running time of ultrasonic, vertical to the bonding layer and tensile shear strength were measured. In addition, delamination tests of glued spruce wood were carried out according to DIN EN 302‐2. Investigation of the samples after the test period revealed no signs of delamination. No correlation was verified between the number of cycles and tensile shear strength and NDT methods.
Discrimination measures for survival outcomes: Connection between the AUC and the predictiveness curve
Authors: Viallon Vivian , Latouche Aurélien
Published: February 2011

Finding out biomarkers and building risk scores to predict the occurrence of survival outcomes is a major concern of clinical epidemiology, and so is the evaluation of prognostic models. In this paper, we are concerned with the estimation of the time‐dependent AUC – area under the receiver‐operating curve – which naturally extends standard AUC to the setting of survival outcomes and enables to evaluate the discriminative power of prognostic models. We establish a simple and useful relation between the predictiveness curve and the time‐dependent AUC – AUC(t). This relation confirms that the predictiveness curve is the key concept for evaluating calibration and discrimination of prognostic models. It also highlights that accurate estimates of the conditional absolute risk function should yield accurate estimates for AUC(t). From this observation, we derive several estimators for AUC(t) relying on distinct estimators of the conditional absolute risk function. An empirical study was conducted to compare our estimators with the existing ones and assess the effect of model misspecification – when estimating the conditional absolute risk function – on the AUC(t) estimation. We further illustrate the methodology on the Mayo PBC and the VA lung cancer data sets.
Flow system for the automatic screening of the effect of phenolic compounds on the luminol–hydrogen peroxide–peroxidase chemiluminescence system
Authors: Araujo André R. T. S. , Maya Fernando , Saraiva M. Lúcia M. F. S. , Lima José L. F. C. , Estela José M. , Cerdà Víctor
Published: February 2011

In this work, an automated flow‐based procedure for the screening of the effect of the different phenolic compounds on the chemiluminescence (CL) luminol–hydrogen peroxide–horseradish peroxidase (HRP) system is presented. This procedure involves the combination of multisyringe flow injection analysis (MFSIA) and sequential injection analysis (SIA) techniques and exploits the ability of the different subgroups of phenols, such as cholorophenols, nitrophenols, methylphenols and polyphenols, to enhance or inhibit the described CL system. The implementation of this reaction in the SIA–MSFIA system enabled favourable and precise conditions to evaluate the effect of phenolic compounds, as it involves an in‐line reaction between the phenolic derivative, hydrogen peroxide and peroxidase and subsequent oxidized HRP intermediates generation prior to the fast reaction with the chemiluminogenic reagent. Several studies were then performed with the aim of establishing the appropriate flow system configuration and reaction conditions. It was shown that phenol and chlorophenols produce an enhanced CL response and nitrophenols, methylphenols and polyphenols are inhibitors within the range of concentrations studied (1–100 mg/L). Based on these studies, the developed method was applied to the determination of total polyphenol and phenol content in wine/grape seeds and water samples, respectively, and the results obtained showed good agreement with those furnished by the corresponding Folin–Ciocalteu and 4‐aminoantipyrine reference methods. The developed approach is further pursued by designing an automated generic tool for performing studies of peroxidase‐catalysed CL reactions of luminol focused on the detection of compounds that will affect the rate of those reactions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Poly(triazine imide) with Intercalation of Lithium and Chloride Ions [(C3N3)2(NHxLi1−x)3⋅LiCl]: A Crystalline 2D Carbon Nitride Network
Authors: Wirnhier Eva , Döblinger Markus , Gunzelmann Daniel , Senker Jürgen , Lotsch Bettina V. , Schnick Wolfgang
Published: February 2011

Poly(triazine imide) with intercalation of lithium and chloride ions (PTI/Li+Cl−) was synthesized by temperature‐induced condensation of dicyandiamide in a eutectic mixture of lithium chloride and potassium chloride as solvent. By using this ionothermal approach the well‐known problem of insufficient crystallinity of carbon nitride (CN) condensation products could be overcome. The structural characterization of PTI/Li+Cl− resulted from a complementary approach using spectroscopic methods as well as different diffraction techniques. Due to the high crystallinity of PTI/Li+Cl− a structure solution from both powder X‐ray and electron diffraction patterns using direct methods was possible; this yielded a triazine‐based structure model, in contrast to the proposed fully condensed heptazine‐based structure that has been reported recently. Further information from solid‐state NMR and FTIR spectroscopy as well as high‐resolution TEM investigations was used for Rietveld refinement with a goodness‐of‐fit (χ2) of 5.035 and wRp=0.05937. PTI/Li+Cl− (P63cm (no. 185); a=846.82(10), c=675.02(9) pm) is a 2D network composed of essentially planar layers made up from imide‐bridged triazine units. Voids in these layers are stacked upon each other forming channels running parallel to [001], filled with Li+ and Cl− ions. The presence of salt ions in the nanocrystallites as well as the existence of sp2‐hybridized carbon and nitrogen atoms typical of graphitic structures was confirmed by electron energy‐loss spectroscopy (EELS) measurements. Solid‐state NMR spectroscopy investigations using 15N‐labeled PTI/Li+Cl− proved the absence of heptazine building blocks and NH2 groups and corroborated the highly condensed, triazine‐based structure model.
ChemInform Abstract: Intermediate States on the Way to Edge‐Sharing BO4 Tetrahedra in M6B22O39·H2O (M: Fe, Co).
Authors: Neumair Stephanie C. , Knyrim Johanna S. , Oeckler Oliver , Glaum Robert , Kaindl Reinhard , Stalder Roland , Huppertz Hubert
Published: February 2011

The new title compounds are prepared from mixtures of Fe2O3 or Co3O4 and H3BO3 in a Walker‐type multi‐anvil apparatus (6 GPa, 880 °C (Fe), 950 °C (Co), 10 min) and characterized by single crystal XRD, IR, Raman, and UV/VIS spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Pronounced Negative Thermal Expansion from a Simple Structure: Cubic ScF3.
Authors: Greve Benjamin K. , Martin Kenneth L. , Lee Peter L. , Chupas Peter J. , Chapman Karena W. , Wilkinson Angus P.
Published: February 2011

The temperature‐dependent unit cell volume and phase behavior of ScF3 is investigated by powder XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrothermal Synthesis, Structures and Magnetic Studies of Transition Metal Sulfates Containing Hydrazine.
Authors: Jia Li‐Hui , Li Ru‐Yin , Duan Zhi‐Ming , Jiang Shang‐Da , Wang Bing‐Wu , Wang Zhe‐Ming , Gao Song
Published: February 2011

Compounds (II) and (III) are characterized by single crystal XRD, magnetic measurements, and DFT calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: A Potassium‐Lithium Double Salt of Decavanadate Showing Unprecedented (6,8)‐Connected Topology.
Authors: Lue Yaokang , Feng Yunlong
Published: February 2011

The new compound K4Li2 [V10O28]·10H2O is synthesized from a solution of NH4VO3, LiOH, the potassium salt of D‐saccharic acid, and H2O2 in MeOH (40 °C, 30 min) followed by slow evaporation at room temperature (60% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Layered Sodium Manganese Phosphate via Low‐Heating Solid State Reaction and Its Properties.
Authors: Wu Xuehang , Wu Wenwei , Liu Chen , Li Shushu , Liao Sen , Cai Jinchao
Published: February 2011

NaMnPO4·3H2O is synthesized for the first time by room temperature solid state reaction of MnSO4·H2O and Na3PO4·12H2O in the presence of polyethylene glycol surfactant PEG‐400 (grinding, 40 min).
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Atomic Layer Deposition of Ternary Ferrites with Various Magnetic Properties.
Authors: Chong Yuen Tung , Yau Eric Man Yan , Nielsch Kornelius , Bachmann Julien
Published: February 2011

Air‐stable ferrimagnetic oxides CoxFe3‐xO4 and NixFe3‐xO4 are produced directly using atomic layer deposition.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphorodiamidite Derivatives of 1,1′‐Bi‐2‐naphthol Containing Stereogenic Phosphorus Atoms as Ligands in Enantioselective Catalysis.
Authors: Gavrilov K. N. , Safronov A. S. , Rastorguev E. A. , Groshkin N. N. , Zheglov S. V. , Shiryaev A. A. , Maksimova M. G. , Petrovskii P. V. , Davankov V. A. , Reetz M. T.
Published: February 2011

Two new chiral binaphthol derivatives are synthesized and used as ligands in transition metal‐catalyzed hydrogenation, allylic alkylation and allylic amination reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Yb(OTf)3‐Promoted ZnCl2‐Catalyzed Conia‐Ene Reaction of Linear β‐Alkynic β‐Dicarbonyls.
Authors: Liu Yu , Song Ren‐Jie , Li Jin‐Heng
Published: February 2011

The atom‐economical and solvent‐free Conia‐ene route allows the selective construction of five‐ to six‐membered ring carbocycles from various linear β‐alkynic β‐keto esters and β‐alkynic β‐diketones.
ChemInform Abstract: A General Synthesis of Alkenyl‐Substituted Benzofurans, Indoles, and Isoquinolones by Cascade Palladium‐Catalyzed Heterocyclization/Oxidative Heck Coupling.
Authors: Alvarez Rosana , Martinez Claudio , Madich Youssef , Denis J. Gabriel , Aurrecoechea Jose M. , de Lera Angel R.
Published: February 2011

Benzofuran‐, indole‐, and isoquinolone‐type derivatives are prepared from readily available 2‐halo‐substituted phenol, aniline, and benzamide substrates, alkynes and functionalized olefins.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidation of Alkyl Trifluoroborates: An Opportunity for Tin‐Free Radical Chemistry.
Authors: Sorin Geoffroy , Mallorquin Rocio Martinez , Contie Yohan , Baralle Alexandre , Malacria Max , Goddard Jean‐Philippe , Fensterbank Louis
Published: February 2011

The substrates can be oxidized with copper(II) salts or Dess—Martin periodinane.
ChemInform Abstract: Simultaneous Iridium Catalyzed Oxidation and Enzymatic Reduction Employing Orthogonal Reagents.
Authors: Mutti Francesco G. , Orthaber Andreas , Schrittwieser Joerg H. , de Vries Johannes G. , Pietschnig Rudolf , Kroutil Wolfgang
Published: February 2011

The first simultaneous combination of an Ir‐catalyzed oxidation and an enzymatic reduction is demonstrated in one pot.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Amination Reactions of Fluorinated Keto Esters Catalyzed by Novel Chiral Guanidines Derived from Cinchona Alkaloids.
Authors: Han Xiao , Zhong Fangrui , Lu Yixin
Published: February 2011

The new CAG catalyzes direct stereoselective amination of fluorinated keto esters to give products with fluorine‐containing quaternary stereogenic centers.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of Multi‐Stereogenic Centers Using a Catalytic Diastereoselective Henry Reaction.
Authors: Arai Takayoshi , Taneda Yoshinori , Endo Yoko
Published: February 2011

A diastereomeric Henry reaction of enantiopure aldehydes (V) is developed using a chiral sulfonyl diamine/CuCl complex as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Addition of Carboxylic Acids to Alkynes.
Authors: Chary Bathoju Chandra , Kim Sunggak
Published: February 2011

The AuCl(PPh3)/AgPF6‐catalyzed reaction with terminal alkynes selectively provides the Markovnikov products.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Deprotection of Silyl Ethers by DIBALH.
Authors: Kuranaga Takefumi , Ishihara Shuji , Ohtani Naohito , Satake Masayuki , Tachibana Kazuo
Published: February 2011

The highly selective procedure allows to remove primary silyl ethers in the presence of a secondary Tes group.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluorinated Butatrienes.
Authors: Ehm Christian , Akkerman Floris A. , Lentz Dieter
Published: February 2011

An improved method for the synthesis of tetrafluorobutatriene (V) starting from commercially available materials is given.
ChemInform Abstract: A Three‐Component One‐Pot Synthesis of Functionalized 5,5‐Dicyanocyclopenta‐1,3‐dienes from Arylidenemalononitriles, Activated Acetylenes, and KCN or KSCN.
Authors: Yavari Issa , Sirouspour Mehdi , Souri Sanaz
Published: February 2011

Reaction of arylidenemalononitriles with the esters (II) and thiocyanate as anionic nucleophile results in formation of thiophene derivatives (III) as major products.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium(II)‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Aromatic Ketones in Water Using Novel Water‐Soluble Chiral Monosulfonamide Ligands.
Authors: Zhou Zhongqiang , Ma Qiong , Sun Yong , Zhang Aiqing , Li Lin
Published: February 2011

A series of ligands of type (I) and (II) is synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: Ligand‐Free Palladium‐Catalyzed C—S Coupling Reactions Using Water as Solvent and Microwaves.
Authors: Velmathi Sivan , Vijayaraghavan Reena , Amarendar Ch. , Pal Ravindra P. , Vinu Ajayan
Published: February 2011

The synthesis of various aryl sulfides becomes possible by direct Pd‐catalyzed microwave‐promoted substitution of thiols with aryl halides.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium on Charcoal‐Catalyzed Ligand‐Free Stille Coupling.
Authors: Yabe Yuki , Maegawa Tomohiro , Monguchi Yasunari , Sajiki Hironao
Published: February 2011

Protocols are developed for the ligand‐ and copper‐free heterogeneous process under non‐inert conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquid by Sputter Deposition as Catalysts for Suzuki—Miyaura Coupling in Water.
Authors: Oda Yoshiri , Hirano Koji , Yoshii Kazuki , Kuwabata Susumu , Torimoto Tsukasa , Miura Masahiro
Published: February 2011

The title system efficiently catalyzes the coupling of hydrophobic as well as hydrophilic aryl halides (I) in water.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Coupling of Benzyl Chlorides with Aryl Boronic Acids in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Wu Xiao‐Feng , Neumann Helfried , Beller Matthias
Published: February 2011

The new procedure is carried out at low CO pressure to afford 1,3‐diarylethanones as important synthons.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Bimetallic Chiral Salen Catalyst Bearing Co(BF4)2 Salt and Its Application in Asymmetric Ring Opening of Epoxide.
Authors: Kim Yong‐Suk , Lee Choong‐Young , Kim Geon‐Joong
Published: February 2011

A new bimetallic chiral salen catalyst containing the Co(BF4)2 moiety is non‐covalently anchored on the acidic sites of mesoporous Al‐SBA‐15 and used for the asymmetric ring opening of epoxides.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Approach to Desketoraloxifene Analogues from Oxygen‐Bearing 3‐Iodobenzo[b]thiophenes Prepared via Iodocyclization.
Authors: Cho Chul‐Hee , Jung Dai‐Il , Larock Richard C.
Published: February 2011

In continuation of efforts to develop novel selective estrogen receptor modulators with antagonist properties against breast cancer, the synthesis of desketoraloxifene (VI) and analogues (V) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Azirine Ligation: Fast and Selective Protein Conjugation via Photoinduced Azirine—Alkene Cycloaddition.
Authors: Lim Reyna K. V. , Lin Qing
Published: February 2011

A novel bioorthogonal ligation reaction between azirine (Ib) and dimethyl fumarate (II) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I)/Zn(II) Catalyzed Tandem Hydroamination/Annulation Reaction of 4‐Yne‐nitriles.
Authors: Demir Ayhan S. , Emrullahoglu Mustafa , Buran Kerem
Published: February 2011

The title reaction affords two regioisomeric 2‐aminopyrroles (III) and (IV) in moderate to good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Bicyclic Guanidine‐Catalyzed Direct Asymmetric Allylic Addition of N‐Aryl Alkylidene‐Succinimides.
Authors: Wang Jianmin , Liu Hongjun , Fan Yitian , Yang Yuanyong , Jiang Zhiyong , Tan Choon‐Hong
Published: February 2011

The title reaction affords aza‐heterocycles with multiple chiral centers.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antiparkinsonian Activity of Some New Adamantyl Thiazolidinonyl/Azetidinonyl Indole Derivatives.
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Kaur Hemlata , Saxena K. K. , Sharma Monica , Vishwakarma Pinki , Kumar Ashok
Published: February 2011

The results of antiparkinsonian activity are different for the tested compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Organocatalytic Asymmetric Michael—Ketone Aldol—Dehydration Domino Reaction: Straightforward Approach to Construct Six‐Membered Spirocyclic Oxindoles.
Authors: Wang Liang‐Liang , Peng Lin , Bai Jian‐Fei , Huang Qing‐Chun , Xu Xiao‐Ying , Wang Li‐Xin
Published: February 2011

The title reaction affords six‐membered spirocyclic oxindoles (III), bearing contiguous stereogenic centers in high yields and excellent dia‐ and enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclization of Zincated α‐N‐Homoallylamino Nitriles: A New Entry to Enantiopure 2,3‐Methanopyrrolidines.
Authors: Ouizem Sabrina , Cheramy Sandrine , Botuha Candice , Chemla Fabrice , Ferreira Franck , Perez‐Luna Alejandro
Published: February 2011

A new stereoselective cyclization that provides enantiopure 2,3‐methanopyrrolidines from zincated α‐N‐homoallylamino nitriles occurs with a stereospecific inversion of the homoallylic stereogenic center.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct, Catalytic Synthesis of Carbapenams via Cycloaddition/Rearrangement Cascade Reaction: Unexpected Acetylenes′ Structure Effect.
Authors: Mames Adam , Stecko Sebastian , Mikolajczyk Paulina , Soluch Magdalena , Furman Bartlomiej , Chmielewski Marek
Published: February 2011

The CuI‐mediated treatment of the nitrones (I) and (VI) with acetylenes is found to provide carbapenams with high stereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Azomethine Imines to Homoallylic Alcohols.
Authors: Tanaka Katsuyoshi , Kato Tomomitsu , Fujinami Shuhei , Ukaji Yutaka , Inomata Katsuhiko
Published: February 2011

The title reaction is achieved by utilizing diisopropyl (R,R)‐tartrate as a chiral auxiliary to give the corresponding optically active trans‐pyrazolines (III) with high regio‐, diastereo‐, and enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: In situ Coupled Oxidation Cycle Catalyzed by Highly Active and Reusable Pt‐Catalysts: Dehydrogenative Oxidation Reactions in the Presence of a Catalytic Amount of o‐Chloranil Using Molecular Oxygen as the Terminal Oxidant.
Authors: Miyamura Hiroyuki , Maehata Kanako , Kobayashi Shu
Published: February 2011

An in situ coupled oxidation cycle is developed and applied to dihydropyridines (I) and (III), indoline (V), and 4‐methoxybenzylether (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Pyridine Synthesis from Azoenamines.
Authors: Coffinier Didier , El Kaim Laurent , Grimaud Laurence , Hadrot Simon
Published: February 2011

The reaction of α‐ketohydrazones with secondary amines affords intermediate azoenamines.
ChemInform Abstract: Trimethylsilyl Iodide Promoted Aza‐Prins Cyclization for the Synthesis of 4‐Iodopiperidines.
Authors: Sabitha Gowravaram , Das Sukant Kishore , Srinivas Rangavajjula , Yadav Jhillu S.
Published: February 2011

Homoallyl‐N‐tosylamine (I) reacts with aliphatic aldehydes to produce the title compounds with high trans‐selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of 1,2‐Dihydroquinoline‐3‐carboxylic Acid Derivatives from Methyl 3‐(Arylamino)acrylates with Hydrogen Iodide.
Authors: Matsumoto Shoji , Mori Takahiro , Akazome Motohiro
Published: February 2011

The reaction of methyl (arylamino)acrylates with hydrogen iodide proceeds efficiently in an alcoholic solvent bearing a bulky alkyl substituent to provide the corresponding title derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Rh(I)‐Catalyzed Direct Arylation of Azines.
Authors: Berman Ashley M. , Bergman Robert G. , Ellman Jonathan A.
Published: February 2011

In the presence of Rh2Cl2(CO)4, quinolines and 2‐substituted azines efficiently react with a number of aryl bromides and aroyl chlorides to afford ortho‐arylated products.
ChemInform Abstract: Short and Efficient Access to Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyrrolo[3,2‐c]pyridine Derivatives.
Authors: Caumet Vincent , et al. et al.
Published: February 2011

Straightforward strategies are presented for the preparation of the title compounds (VII) by catalytic coupling of 8‐halo derivatives with terminal alkynes followed by Pd‐ or Cu‐catalyzed ring closure.
ChemInform Abstract: Cascade Cyclization of 3(5)‐Aminopyrazoles with Aromatic Aldehydes and Cyclohexanediones.
Authors: Lipson V. V. , Svetlichnaya N. V. , Borodina V. V. , Shirobokova M. G. , Shishkina S. V. , Shishkin O. V. , Musatov V. I.
Published: February 2011

The three‐component condensation of aminopyrazoles (I) with diones (II) and aryl aldehydes (III) regioselectively affords pyrazoloquinazolinones (IV), whilst the analogous reaction of aminopyrazole (V) leads to mixtures of pyrazoloquinazolinones (VI) and pyrazoloquinolinones (VII) in most cases.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 5‐Trifluoromethylpyrazol‐1‐yl‐substituted 1,2,4,5‐Tetrazines.
Authors: Tolshchina S. G. , Ignatenko N. K. , Slepukhin P. A. , Ishmetova R. I. , Rusinov G. L.
Published: February 2011

The title compounds are synthesized in medium to good yields and their reactivity is studied in nucleophilic substitution and [4 + 2] cycloaddition reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Subphthalocyanines Having Axial Substituent with Direct B—C Bond: General Preparation and Physical Properties.
Authors: Yamasaki Yasuhiro , Mori Tomohiro
Published: February 2011

Coupling of the haloboron subphthalocyanine (I) with Grignard reagents affords title compounds of type (III) bearing an axial substituent at the boron—carbon direct bond.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of 2‐Phospholene Derivatives from Zirconacyclopentenes.
Authors: Zhou Yiqing , Yan Xiaoyu , Xi Chanjuan
Published: February 2011

Zirconacyclopentenes, easily generated in situ, react with dichlorophenylphoshine to yield the desired 2‐phospholenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Cyclization of N‐Hetarylphosphinimidic Isocyanates in the Synthesis of 1,7‐Dihydro‐4H‐imidazo[4,5‐d][1,3,2]diazaphosphinin‐4‐one (2‐Phosphapurine).
Authors: Marchenko Anatoliy P. , Koydan Georgiy K. , Huryeva Anastasia S. , Smaliy Radomyr V. , Yurchenko Aleksandr A. , Alekseenko Anatoliy N.
Published: February 2011

The synthesis of previously unknown target compounds (V) and (VII) containing an endocyclic P=N double bond is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Types of N,N‐Disubstituted Aminomethylspirophosphoranes.
Authors: Prishchenko Andrey A. , Livantsov Mikhail V. , Novikova Olga P. , Livantsova Ludmila I. , Petrosyan Valery S.
Published: February 2011

The diaminoalkylation of hydrospirophosphoranes (I) is studied and the underlying mechanisms are discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: SO3H‐Functionalized Ionic Liquids Catalyzed the Synthesis of α‐Aminophosphonates in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Fang Dong , Jiao Changmei , Ni Chunjie
Published: February 2011

Both triethyl phosphite and diethyl phosphite are suitable for the condensation reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Rhodamine B Derivative as a Colorimetirc Chemosensor for Recognition of Copper(II) Ion.
Authors: Tang Lijun , Li Fangfang , Liu Minghui , Nandhakumar Raju
Published: February 2011

The new chemosensor (I) shows a high selectivity towards Cu2+ and it can be also used at neutral conditions (pH 7).
ChemInform Abstract: Iridoid and Acyclic Monoterpene Glycosides, Kankanosides L, M, N, O, and P from Cistanche tubulosa.
Authors: Morikawa Toshio , Pan Yingni , Ninomiya Kiyofumi , Imura Katsuya , Yuan Dan , Yoshikawa Masayuki , Hayakawa Takao , Muraoka Osamu
Published: February 2011

Three iridoid glycosides, kankanosides L (I), M (II), and N (III), and two acyclic monoterpene glycosides, kankanosides O (IV) and P (V), are isolated from fresh stems of Cistanche tubulosa (Orobanchaceae) together with a multiplicity of known glycosides.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Phytoecdysteroids from the Needles of Taxus canadensis.
Authors: Shi Qing‐Wen , et al. et al.
Published: February 2011

Two new phytoecdysteroids with a 20,22‐acetal group are identified for the first time from the needles of the Canadian yew, Taxus canadensis.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Efficient Synthesis of Telaprevir by Strategic Use of Biocatalysis and Multicomponent Reactions.
Authors: Znabet Anass , Polak Marloes M. , Janssen Elwin , de Kanter Frans J. J. , Turner Nicholas J. , Orru Romano V. A. , Ruijter Eelco
Published: February 2011

A short and efficient synthesis of the important drug candidate telaprevir (IX), featuring a biocatalytic desymmetrization and two multicomponent reactions as the key steps is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Microcyclamides from a Water Bloom of the Cyanobacterium Microcystis sp.
Authors: Zafrir‐Ilan Ella , Carmeli Shmuel
Published: February 2011

Microcyclamide MZ602 (Ia) and MZ568 (Ib) are tested for their cytotoxicity against leukemia cells and their inhibition of serine proteases.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluoroglycoproteins: Ready Chemical Site‐Selective Incorporation of Fluorosugars into Proteins.
Authors: Boutureira Omar Boutureira Omar , D'Hooge Francois , Fernandez‐Gonzalez Marta , Bernardes Concalo J. L. , Sanchez‐Navarro Macarena , Koeppe Julia R. , Davis Benjamin G.
Published: February 2011

A tag‐and‐modify strategy for the synthesis of homogenous fluorinated glyco‐amino acids, peptides, and proteins carrying fluorine labels in the sugar moiety is described, allowing, for example, access to directly radiolabelled 18F‐glycoproteins.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Bridged Nucleoside Bearing a Conformationally Switchable Sugar Moiety in Response to Redox Changes.
Authors: Baba Takeshi , Kodama Tetsuya , Mori Kazuto , Imanishi Takeshi , Obika Satoshi
Published: February 2011

A novel nucleoside analogue (IV) with a disulfide bridge structure at the sugar moiety, which shows redox‐responsive reversibility of the sugar conformation due to the formation and scission of the disulfide bond, is designed and synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: Assessment of the Radium—Barium Co‐precipitation and Its Potential Influence on the Solubility of Ra in the Near‐Field
Authors: Grandia Fidel , Merino Joan , Bruno Jordi
Published: February 2011

Review: 103 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Strong Correlations in Actinide Redox Reactions
Authors: Horowitz S. E. , Marston J. B.
Published: February 2011

Review: 60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetron Sputtering ‐ Milestones of 30 Years
Authors: Braeuer G. , Szyszka B. , Vergoehl M. , Bandorf R.
Published: February 2011

Review: 14 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Homocatenation of Metal and Metalloid Main Group Elements
Authors: Hill Michael S.
Published: February 2011

Review: 204 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Homoleptic Rare‐Earth Metal Complexes Containing Ln‐C σ‐Bonds
Authors: Zimmermann Melanie , Anwander Reiner
Published: February 2011

Review: 470 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Azide/Alkyne Cycloaddition (CuAAC) “Click Chemistry” in Carbohydrate Drug and Neoglycopolymer Synthesis
Authors: Aragao‐Leoneti Valquiria , Campo Vanessa L. , Gomes Adriane S. , Field Robert A. , Carvalho Ivone
Published: February 2011

Review: 103 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Contributions from the Baylis—Hillman Reaction to Organic Chemistry
Authors: Basavaiah Deevi , Reddy Bhavanam Sekhara , Badsara Satpal Singh
Published: February 2011

Review: 1042 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Practical Amino Acid and Alkaloid Synthesis Using Designer Chiral Phase Transfer Catalysts as High‐Performance Organocatalysts
Authors: Maruoka Keiji
Published: February 2011

Review: 28 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Pictet—Spengler Reactions for the Synthesis of Pharmaceutically Relevant Heterocycles
Authors: Pulka Karolina
Published: February 2011

Review: 95 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Cycloheptanoid Natural Products via a Tandem 5‐exo‐Cyclization/Claisen Rearrangement Process
Authors: Ovaska Timo V.
Published: February 2011

Review: 45 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymatic Synthesis of Cyclic Triterpenes
Authors: Kushiro Tetsuo , Abe Ikuro
Published: February 2011

Review: 101 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Benzimidazole in Medicinal Chemistry: An Overview
Authors: Kedar Manisha S. , Dighe Nachiket S. , Pattan Shashikant R. , Musmade Deepak S. , Thakur Dipak , Bhosale Mayur , Gaware Vinayak M.
Published: February 2011

Review: 25 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Primary Characterization of Self‐Assembled Peptide‐Based Hydrogels
Authors: Nagarkar Radhika P. , Schneider Joel P.
Published: February 2011

Review: 52 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Unexpected Gas‐Phase Ion Chemistry Results Unraveled by Computational Chemistry
Authors: Gamez Jose A. , Corral Ines , Mo Otilia , Yanez Manuel
Published: February 2011

Review: 96 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Sol—Gel Precursors for Group 14 Nanocrystals.
Authors: Kelly Joel A. , Henderson Eric J. , Veinot Jonathan G. C.
Published: February 2011

Review: 140 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Proline Sulfonamide Based Organocatalysis: Better Late than Never
Authors: Yang Hua , Carter Rich G.
Published: February 2011

Review: about 60 refs.
Cotton Fiber/ZrO2, A New Material for Adsorption of Cr(VI) Ions in Water
Authors: Muxel Alfredo Alberto , Gimenez Sonia Maria Nobre , de Souza Almeida Flaveli Aparecida , da Silva Alfaya Rení Ventura , da Silva Alfaya Antonio Alberto
Published: February 2011

The natural cotton fiber was used to synthesize an anion exchange, containing ZrO2 film on its surface, NCFZC (natural cotton fiber/ZrO2 composite). This anion exchanger was produced by the reaction of the zirconium oxychloride and hydroxyl groups on surface of the natural cotton fiber. The material was used for Cr(VI) ions adsorption studies. Adsorption equilibrium time and optimum pH for Cr(VI) adsorption were found to be 6 h and 4.0, respectively. The Langmuir and Temkin isotherms were used to models adsorption equilibrium data. The adsorption capacity of NCFZC was found to be 1.33 mmol/g. Kinetic studies showed that the rate of adsorption of Cr(VI) on NCFZC obeyed a pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model.
Disordered eating and religious observance: A focus on ultra‐orthodox Jews in an adult community study
Authors: Feinson Marjorie C. , Meir Adi
Published: February 2011

Objective:

To broaden the socio‐cultural context of eating disturbances by exploring religious observance and its presumed protective role for ultra‐Orthodox women.

Method:

Detailed telephone interviews with community sample of adult Jewish women in Israel, including 261 ultra‐Orthodox. Frequency of 14 symptoms of disordered eating (DEB) assessed. Hierarchical regressions examine predictors of DEB severity within observance categories (ultra‐Orthodox, Orthodox, Traditional, and Secular).

Results:

Contrary to expectations, no significant differences were found in the frequency of serious DEB between the most and least religiously observant, ultra‐Orthodox, and Secular women. Regressions reveal similar predictors of DEB severity (obesity followed by self‐criticism) as well as substantial variations in amount of variance explained.

Discussion:

Apparently, rigorous religious adherence does not protect ultra‐Orthodox women from serious eating problems. Additional analyses can inform socio‐cultural perspectives by examining the connection between body dissatisfaction and disordered eating in this insular and isolated religious community, whose exposure to secular media is prohibited. © 2011 by Wiley Periodicals,Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012)
High‐sensitivity detection using isotachophoresis with variable cross‐section geometry
Authors: Bahga Supreet S. , Kaigala Govind V. , Bercovici Moran , Santiago Juan. G.
Published: February 2011

We present a theoretical and experimental study on increasing the sensitivity of ITP assays by varying channel cross‐section. We present a simple, unsteady, diffusion‐free model for plateau mode ITP in channels with axially varying cross‐section. Our model takes into account detailed chemical equilibrium calculations and handles arbitrary variations in channel cross‐section. We have validated our model with numerical simulations of a more comprehensive model of ITP. We show that using strongly convergent channels can lead to a large increase in sensitivity and simultaneous reduction in assay time, compared to uniform cross‐section channels. We have validated our theoretical predictions with detailed experiments by varying channel geometry and analyte concentrations. We show the effectiveness of using strongly convergent channels by demonstrating indirect fluorescence detection with a sensitivity of 100 nM. We also present simple analytical relations for dependence of zone length and assay time on geometric parameters of strongly convergent channels. Our theoretical analysis and experimental validations provide useful guidelines on optimizing chip geometry for maximum sensitivity under constraints of required assay time, chip area and power supply.
10 000‐fold concentration increase in proteins in a cascade microchip using anionic ITP by a 3‐D numerical simulation with experimental results
Authors: Bottenus Danny , Jubery Talukder Zaki , Dutta Prashanta , Ivory Cornelius F.
Published: February 2011

This paper describes both the experimental application and 3‐D numerical simulation of isotachophoresis (ITP) in a 3.2 cm long “cascade” poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microfluidic chip. The microchip includes 10× reductions in both the width and depth of the microchannel, which decreases the overall cross‐sectional area by a factor of 100 between the inlet (cathode) and outlet (anode). A 3‐D numerical simulation of ITP is outlined and is a first example of an ITP simulation in three dimensions. The 3‐D numerical simulation uses COMSOL Multiphysics v4.0a to concentrate two generic proteins and monitor protein migration through the microchannel. In performing an ITP simulation on this microchip platform, we observe an increase in concentration by over a factor of more than 10 000 due to the combination of ITP stacking and the reduction in cross‐sectional area. Two fluorescent proteins, green fluorescent protein and R‐phycoerythrin, were used to experimentally visualize ITP through the fabricated microfluidic chip. The initial concentration of each protein in the sample was 1.995 μg/mL and, after preconcentration by ITP, the final concentrations of the two fluorescent proteins were 32.57±3.63 and 22.81±4.61 mg/mL, respectively. Thus, experimentally the two fluorescent proteins were concentrated by over a factor of 10 000 and show good qualitative agreement with our simulation results.
The rising demand for consultation‐liaison psychiatry for older people: comparisons within Liverpool and the literature across time
Authors: Anderson David , Nortcliffe Margaret , Dechenne Sophie , Wilson Kenneth
Published: February 2011

Objectives

To compare the rate of referrals of older people for consultation‐liaison psychiatry services over time within Liverpool and with the literature.

Methods

All referrals to the liaison psychiatry service for older people in Liverpool between 1999 and 2004 were used to calculate referral rates and compared with data from the same hospital from 1981 to 1989 previously published. Data related to referral rates was extracted from other published studies to allow cross‐national comparisons over time.

Results

Between 1999 and 2004 there were 2760 referrals to the Liverpool liaison psychiatry service for older people producing an average annual referral rate of 2.89%. This compares to a referral rate of 0.7% in 1981 and 1.34% in 1989. Comparison with studies from the UK, North America, Europe, Singapore and Taiwan shows an increasing trend across a 30 year period. The rate of referral increases with increasing age up to age 90.

Conclusion

Trends indicate increasing rates of referral of older people to consultation‐liaison psychiatry services with greater representation of the older old. Similar effects are likely to be experienced in all nations with an ageing population. Liaison psychiatry services will need professionals trained in old age psychiatry if the needs of this increasing elderly population are to be addressed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preclinical therapeutic response of residual metastatic disease is distinct from its primary tumor of origin
Authors: Day Chi‐Ping , Carter John , Bonomi Carrie , Hollingshead Melinda , Merlino Glenn
Published: February 2011

Cancer‐related deaths are caused principally by recurrence and metastasis arising from residual disease, whose therapeutic responses has been suggested to be substantially different from primary tumors. However, experimental animal models designed for evaluating the therapeutic responses of residual disease are mostly lacking. To overcome this deficiency, we have developed a preclinical model that recapitulates the progression for advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). An archived Lewis lung carcinoma mouse tumor, propagated only through serial in vivo transplantation and never adapted to cell culture, was stably labeled using lentivirus‐encoded biomarkers, consistently expressed through an RNA polymerase II promoter. Labeled tumors were inoculated into syngeneic immunocompetent mice to ensure superior tumor–host interactions. Primary tumors were resected on reaching a predetermined size, followed by treatment in a setting akin to postsurgical first‐line adjuvant chemotherapy and routine imaging to monitor the progression of pulmonary metastasis. We discovered that efficacious treatment, instead of reducing disease growth rates, significantly prolonged disease‐free survival and overall survival. As in the clinic, cisplatin‐based regimes were more effective in this model. However, the response of metastases to specific agents could not be predicted from, and often opposed, their effects on subcutaneous “primary” tumors, possibly due to their distinct growth kinetics and host interactions. We here introduce a clinically relevant model of residual metastatic disease that may more accurately predict the therapeutic response of recurrent, metastatic disease.