bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Jenis Mulsa Dan Dosis Kompos Terhadap Hasil Panen Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.)
Authors: Raksun Ahmad , Mahrus Mahrus , Mertha I Gde
Published: January 2020

Penelitian tentang pengaruh jenis mulsa dan dosis kompos terhadap hasil panen cabai rawit, telah dilaksanakan di Desa Bajur Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalahÃÂ  untuk mengetahui: (1) pengaruh jenis mulsa terhadap hasil panen cabai rawit, (2) pengaruh dosis kompos terhadap hasil panen cabai rawit, (3) pengaruh interaksi antara jenis mulsa dan dosis kompos terhadap hasil panen cabai rawit. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan rancangan faktorial yang terdiri atas 2 faktor. Faktor pertama adalah jenis mulsa yang terdiri atas 3 macam mulsa yaitu mulsa plastik hitam perak (M1), mulsa jerami padi (M2)ÃÂ  dan mulsa daun-daun kering (M3). Faktor kedua adalah dosis kompos yang terdiri atas 6 level yaitu: Ko = tampa pemberianÃÂ  kompos, K1 = pemberian 0,4 kg kompos/1 m2 lahan, K2 = pemberian 0,8 kg kompos/1 m2 lahan, K3 = pemberian 1,2 kg kompos/1 m2 lahan, K4 = pemberian 1,6 kg kompos/1 m2 lahan, K5 = pemberian 2,0 kg kompos/1 m2 lahan. Parameter hasil panen yang diukur adalah panjang buah dan berat basah buah cabai rawit. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis sidik ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) perbedaan jenis mulsa berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap panjang buah dan berat basah buah cabai rawit, mulsa plastik hitam perak menghasilkan panjang dan berat basah buah cabai rawit lebih tinggi dari pada mulsa lainnya, (2) dosis kompos berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap panjang buah dan berat basah buah cabai rawit, dosis kompos optimum adalah 1,6 Ã¢â¬â 2 kg kompos per 1 m2 lahan, (3) interaksi jenis mulsa dan dosis kompos tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap panjang buah dan berat basah buah cabai rawit.
Workshop Teknik Pembimbingan dan Penilaian Mahasiswa Peserta Praktek Pengenalan Lapangan Persekolahan Bagi Guru-Guru Anggota KKG di Kota Mataram
Authors: Jufri A Wahab , Suryanti Ni Made Novi , Amin M. , Jaelani Abdul Kadir , Setiadi Dadi
Published: January 2020

Sesuai dengan stándar pendidikan guru bahwa mahasiswa program sarjana kependidikan harus mengikuti  mata kuliah pengenalan lapangan persekolahan di satuan pendidikan. Untuk mencapai tujuan pelaksanaan PLP tersebut perlu didukung oleh pembimbing dari unsur guru yang memahami secara teknis pembimbingan dan evaluasi mahasiswa peserta PLP, juga  agar dapat mengarahkan mahasiswa untuk bisa memiliki kemampuan terkait dengan program sekolah, perangkat pembelajaran dan praktek mengajar. Berdasarkan studi pendahuluan para guru SD belum memiliki pemahaman yang sama tentang teknik pembimbingan dan evaluasi mahasiswa peserta PLP, sehingga perlu dilakukan workshop kepada guru-guru SD tersebut agar mampu membimbing dan mengevaluasi hasil PLP mahasiswa. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian yang dilakukan  adalah  untuk Mengembangkan pemahaman guru anggota KKG Kota Mataram dalam membimbing dan mengevaluasi kemampuan mahasiswa dalam menyusun program sekolah, perangkat pembelajaran; Mengembangkan keterampilan guru guru anggota KKG Kota Mataram dalam membimbing dan mengevaluasi mahasiswa peserta PLP. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah melalui workshop yang lebih berbasis pada praktek langsung teknik pembimbingan dan penilaian mahasiswa peserta PLP yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan dalam mengarahkan dan membimbing mahasiswa peserta PLP. Kegiatan pengabdian dilaksanakan dengan tahapan  sebagai berikut : Studi literatur, analisis kebutuhan guru berupa  pemahaman dan keterampilan guru dalam membimbing dan mengevalausi hasil PLP, pengukuran kemampuan awal guru, mendisain program workshop, pelaksanaan workshop:  berupa kajian pembimbingan peserta PLP, praktek mendisain instrumen evaluasi PLP, pemantauan dan bimbingan di lapangan oleh tim pengabdian pada masyarakat, asesmen kualitas pelaksanaan dan hasil akhir workshop peserta dan, penyusunan laporan PPM.. Hasil kegiatan menunjukan bahwa Sebagian besar guru memiliki pemahaman  secara komprehensif mengenai teknik-teknik pembimbingan, pelaksanaan praktek pengenalan lapangan persekolahan,  mengevaluasi proses dan memiliki keterampilan dalam mendisain instrumen observasi dan ecvaluasi: membimbing mahasiswa, mengevaluasi proses dan hasil, membimbing penyeusunan laporan praktek pengenalan lapagan persekolahan.Dengan demikian guru akan mampu membimbing mahasiswa PLP dan melakukan evaluasinya secara baik. Kata kunci : pengalaman lapangan persekolahan, PLP
Pelatihan Penggunaan Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) Sebagai Alternatif Pengganti Larutan Nutrisi AB Mix pada Pertanian Sistem Hidroponik di BON Farm Narmada
Authors: Ilhamdi M. Liwa , Khairuddin Khairuddin , Zubair Muh.
Published: January 2020

Sistem hidroponik merupakan salah satu teknologi bercocok tanam dengan menggunakan media tanam air, nutrisi dan oksigen tanpa menggunakan tanah sebagai media tumbuhnya. Faktor nutrisi adalah penentu keberhasilan dalam bercocok tanam sistem hidroponik. Nutrisi yang dibutuhkan untuk mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman diperoleh melalui pemberian larutan yang mengandung unsur makro dan mikro. Larutan nutrisi yang biasa digunakan oleh petani adalah larutan AB Mix. Mahalnya harga pupuk AB Mix memperbesar biaya produksi, sehingga dibutuhkan inovasi sebagai alternatif pengganti nutrisi untuk tanaman hidroponik. Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) merupakan salah satu alternatif yang ditawarkan untuk memecahkan permasalahan tersebut. POC mengandung komposisi nutrisi yang dibutuhkan oleh tanaman seperti halnya pupuk AB Mix, namun bisa diperoleh dengan harga yang sangat murah karena berasal dari fermentasi bahan organik. Pelatihan Penerapan POC ini akan dilakukan di BON Farm Narmada. Tujuan dilakukannya kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah untuk (1) Meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang teknik pertanian hidroponik, (2) Mengimplementasikan penggunaan Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) sebagai alternatif pengganti pupuk AB Mix pada pertanaian hidroponik. Kegiatan pengabdian ini akan dilakukan dalam bentuk penyampaian teori, pelatihan dan pendampingan praktek yang disampaikan oleh tim pengabdian dan  diikuti oleh Kelompok Pemuda Mandiri BON Farm Narmada, Lombok Barat. Pada akhir kegiatan pengabdian diharapkan masyarakat mempunyai pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam bertani sistem hidroponik dan menggunakan POC sebagai alternatif pengganti pupuk AB Mix. Kata kunci: Pelatihan, Hidroponik, Nutrisi, POC, AB Mix
Strategi Akselerasi Kenaikan Pangkat dan Jabatan Dosen FKIP Universitas Mataram
Authors: Mahyuni Mahyuni , Karnan Karnan , Safruddin Safruddin , Intiana Rohana Hariana , Rispawati Rispawati
Published: January 2020

Pada umumnya, kenaiStrategi Akselerasi Kenaikan Pangkat dan Jabatan Dosen FKIP Universitas Mataramkan pangkat dan jabatan dosen seringkali terlambat. Secara umum keterlambatan itu disebabkan oleh dua hal pokok yaitu faktor diri dosen tersebut dan faktor sistem administrasi yang kurang mendukung. Padahal pangkat dan jabatan seorang dosen akan berpengaruh pada kualitas pembelajaran di perguruan tinggi, bahkan akan berpengaruh pada akreditasi program studi. Untuk itu, perlu ada strategi dan upaya dalam rangka akselerasi kenaikan pangkat dan jabatan dosen. Dalam rangka kelancaran pelaksanaan proses pengembangan karier kepada tenaga akademik/dosen di lingkungan FKIP Universitas Mataram, maka dipandang perlu dilakukannya workshop untuk menetapkan strategi akselerasi kenaikan pangkat dan Jabatan Dosen di FKIP Universitas Mataram. Untuk mempermudah dan memperlancar usulan ini, FKIP Universitas Mataram akan mengimplementasikan beberapa langkah strategis, yaitu:  pembentukan tim percepatan untuk publikasi, peningkatan kapasitas sumber daya manusia, sistem arsip secara daring (online), hibah penelitian bagi dosen yang potensial naik ke jenjang Guru Besar, dan pembagian beban tugas (load) staf administrasi yang menangani urusan kenaikan pangkat dan jabatan dosen ke staf administrasi jurusan/program studi.
STORY COMPLETION: A TECHNIQUE IN TEACHING SPEAKING
Authors: J Hukom Salmon
Published: January 2020

In general, to achieve goals in teaching and learning the teachers can prepare appropriate strategy. This paper discusses a teaching and learning medium of speaking through story completion technique. By using this technique, it can be one of the exciting activities for motivating students in learning English confidently, especially speaking. The technique has activities which enable students to convey their ideas and all students obtain the same opportunities to speak at every meeting. The activities are oral activities that make student relax, happy and fun. The technique equips the students who have good English grammar and have sufficient vocabulary to explore their ideas in speaking. It does not mean that Story Completion technique cannot be used for students who have low English competence. The English teachers could manipulate the class by providing students with vocabularies of certain topic and tenses they will use in their speaking before running the meeting with this technique
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN GAMBAR BERSERI DAN KECERDASAN SPASIAL TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS KARANGAN DESKRIPSI
Authors: Samuel J. Litualy Piet Soumokil, Juliaans E.R.Marantika &
Published: January 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode pembelajaran terhadap keterampilan menulis karangan deskripsi; 2) untuk mengetahui pengaruh kecerdasan spasial terhadap keterampilan menulis karangan deskripsi; 3) untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh antara kecerdasan spasial tinggi yang diajarkan dengan metode gambar berseri maupun konvnsional dan kecerdasan spasial rendah yang diajarkan dengan metode gambar berseri maupun konvensional terhadap keterampilan menulis karangan deskripsi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Jerman Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Pattimura Ambon, tahun akademik 2016/2017. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan rancangan faktorial 2 x 2. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 18 mahasiswa yang dipilih secara acak pada setiap kelompok. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data yakni (1) tes menulis karangan deskripsi dan (2) tes DAT atau space relation untuk mengukur kecerdasan spasial. Selanjutnya teknik analisis data yang digunakan untuk membuktikan hipotesis pertama dan kedua adalah uji Mann Whitney. Sedangkan hipotesis ketiga dibuktikan dengan menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode pembelajaran gambar berseri lebih baik daripada metode pembelajaran konvensional dalam meningkatkan keterampilan menulis karangan deskripsi. Selain itu, hasil keterampilan menulis karangan deskripsi pada kelompok mahasiswa yang memiliki kecerdasan tinggi tidak lebih baik daripada kelompok mahasiswa yang memiliki kecerdasan spasial rendah. Serta terdapat perbedaan pengaruh antara kecerdasan spasial tinggi yang diajarkan dengan metode gambar berseri maupun konvensional dan kecerdasan spasial rendah yang diajarkan dengan metode gambar berseri maupun konvensional terhadap keterampilan menulis karangan deskripsi.
KREATIVITAS MENULIS KARANGAN PERSUASI SISWA SMP
Authors: Tabelessy Novita
Published: January 2020

Menulis merupakan serangkaian aktivitas menuangkan ide dan gagasan yang ada dalam pikiran ke dalam bentuk tulisan. Menulis tidak bisa dipaksakan kepada seseorang (siswa), karena hasilnya tidak akan memuaskan. Biarlah proses menulis mengalir sendiri dari kemauan siswa, tugas guru untuk membantu, mengarahkan dan memotivasikan siswa. Bila siswa sudah mulai mencintai kegiatan menulis, pasti ada kreativitas yang muncul secara alami dari diri siswa tersebut. Kreativitas yang dimiliki siswa akan berdampak positif bagi siswa itu sendiri, karena siswa tersebut sudah bisa membuka wawasan dan alam pemikiran lebih luas lagi, karena dengan kreativitas yang dimiliki siswa tersebut, mereka dapat menulis apa saja. Dengan ketrampilan menulis yang dimiliki, siswa dapat mengembangkan kreativitas dan dapat mempergunakan bahasa sebagai sarana menyalurkan kreativitasnya dalam kehidupan sesehari dalam bentuk tulisan. Sebaliknya, kurangnya kreativitas dari siswa akan berdampak buruk bagi pengembangan diri siswa itu sendiri. Karangan persuasi merupakan karangan yang bertujuan membuat pembaca percaya, yakin dan terbujuk akan hal-hal yang dikomunikasikan yang mungkin berupa fakta, suatu pendirian umu, suatu pendapat/gagasan ataupun perasaan seseorang
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak Cipta atas Batik Di Kota Serang Provinsi Banten
Authors: Sulasno Sulasno , Mukaromah Mia
Published: January 2020

This writing aims to find out how the legal protection of the copyright of batik in the city of Serang with the provisions contained in Law No. 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright and regional regulations governing the protection of copyright in the city of Serang.But now researchers have not found any specific regional regulations governing Copyright (Batik Art) in Serang City. Batik is one of the works of art that requires high intellectuals in its creation. Legal protection of batik copyrights is needed to avoid things that will harm the creator and the copyright holder. The method used is the empirical normative legal research method, namely the incorporation of normative legal provisions (laws) with empirical elements (legal events in society / social elements).
RESOLVING RECURRENT IMPERFECTIONS IN THE DAIRY PRODUCTION USING GAMING SIMULATION
Authors: Msaddak Meriem , Ben-Nasr Jamel , Zaibet Lokman
Published: January 2020

The dairy value chain in Tunisia has been facing recurrent problems mostly related to coordination, contracting, pricing and quality imperfections. The policy focus on technology generation and dissemination, without considering the underlying problems related to market imperfections and institutional and socio-economic processes, has contributed to low technology adoption and limited development in the dairy value chain. This paper uses a gaming simulation approach to allow breeders to experiment and consider strategies of cooperation which lead to increased returns and improved quality of milk. The game allows understanding the role of trust and cooperation in improving the performance of the dairy value chain. The experiment was done in two regions and in four sessions each. Results show that benefits to breeders are derived from the price of milk which is determined by the number of cooperation in the repeated games strategies. The resulting Nash equilibrium is one where farmers cooperate without cheating. This solution avoids farmers the risk of rejection of milk and results in price increase as a result of the collective cooperative action.
IS OIL EXPORT A CURSE IN DEVELOPING ECONOMIES? EVIDENCE OF PARADOX OF PLENTY ON FOOD DEPENDENCY
Authors: Djella Abdallah , Cembalo Luigi , Furno Marilena , Caracciolo Francesco
Published: January 2020

The study focuses on the “curse of resources” and on the “paradox of plenty”, to test the extent to which the oil-export may contribute to the food dependency and to the food insecurity of a country. The empirical analysis is carried out in countries characterized by a percentage of oil contribution to the GDP between 45% to 90% meanwhile facing food security challenges. The estimated model shows the sizable and statistically significant impact of oil export on food import and undernourishment. The analysis is further extended to the tails implementing, besides OLS, the quantile regression estimator.
FACTORS EXPLAINING URBAN LAND VALUE VARIABILITY: A CASE STUDY IN ATAKUM DISTRICT, SAMSUN-TURKEY
Authors: Kilic Osman , Baser Ugur , Gulser Coskun
Published: January 2020

The objective of this study was to determine the factors affecting urban land prices in Atakum district of Samsun province, Turkey. Agricultural lands in Atakum changed to urban lands especially within the last 20 years due to increasing population and public facilities such as; roads, tram line, schools, etc. Data used in this study were collected in questionnaires on 64 land parcels sold by real estate agents in 2017. The factors affecting urban land prices were determined with Hedonic Price Analysis. The significance of model parameters was tested, and the variability of land prices was verified for the hypothesized relationships between the significant parameters and the parcel price. The significant factors affecting urban land price were distance to coast, floor area ratio, parcel size, parcel shape, distance to tram station, post office and bus station.
DETERMINATION OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES IN TURKEY: A DEA APPROACH
Authors: Gunes Erdogan , Guldal Huseyin Tayyar
Published: January 2020

In this study, it is tried to determine the efficiencies of agricultural enterprises in the use of capital and credit in Turkey by DEA. In the scope of the study, 550 farmers in enterprises in Antalya, Konya, Karaman, Ankara, and Eskişehir were interviewed. According to the results of the data envelopment analysis, 95 farmers according to CRS, 134 according to under VRS, and 95 according to under SE were found to be effective. The higher average of the overall technical efficiency is Antalya (0.87) and Konya (0.72). This result shows that even if the agricultural enterprises reduce input use by 13% in Antalya and 28% in Konya, they will achieve the same agricultural income. According to the research results, it is determined that agricultural enterprises in Turkey do not use effectively the capitals, and they can achieve the same agricultural income with a low level of capital. Keeping the accounting records of agricultural enterprises in Turkey is important in terms of making a proper production plan.
THE ROLE OF PLASTID GENES IN A HETEROSIS EFFECT AND THE FORMATION OF MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS IN SUNFLOWER PLANTS
Authors: Usatov A. V. , Makarenko M. S. , Kovalevich A. A. , Gubaidullina A. М.
Published: January 2020

Background. The problem of nucleus-plastid interactions is obviously of theoretical and practical importance. However, the lack of knowledge in this area of plant research is, for the most part, caused by difficulties in isolating the contribution of the plastome to the formation of complex morphophysiological traits from the total genotypic variability. The current study employed a convenient model for studying the fundamental problem of interaction between the nucleus and plastid genomes.

Materials and methods. The genetic model incorporated chlorophylldeficient sunflower mutant lines with extranuclear inheritance, developed on the genetic basis of a single inbred line. Various traits were measured in hybrids and parents, such as growth rate, plant height, inflorescence width, 1000 seed weight, chlorophyll content, seed oil content, etc.

Results and conclusion. While crossing extranuclear mutant lines with wild sunflower, a heterosis effect was observed for such traits as plant height and leaf size, regardless of the low chlorophyll content in F1 hybrids. The growth rates of hybrids depended on the crossing combination: from an 86% excess (en:chlorina-7 maternal line) to complete absence of the heterosis effect (en:chlorina-6 maternal line). The results obtained witness to a significant contribution of cytogenes to the control over the trait. The inflorescence width and 1000 seed weight in all hybrid combinations (except en:chlorina-3) had similar quantitative characteristics as in the maternal mutant lines, and significantly exceeded the paternal form (wild sunflower). Consequently, plastid genes, along with nuclear ones, participate in the expression of these phenotypic traits. As for the oil content in seeds, no heterosis effect was observed in the hybrids.
A NEW SUBSPECIES OF WHEAT: TRITICUM DICOCCON ȍSCHRANKȎ SCHUEBL. SUBSP. NUDICOCCON KOBYL. ET SMEKAL.
Authors: Smekalova Т. N. , Kobylyansky V. D.
Published: January 2020

In recent years, an increased interest in emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccon Schrank) has been observed, due to the dietary value of its grain, which is used for making highquality cereal products. The main disadvantages of this crop are a relatively low yield, if compared with other wheat species, a brittle ear, and problems with grain threshability (filmy kernels are threshed out of the ear together with the chaff). Thus, developing hulless cultivars of emmer is at present an urgent task. Constant lines of naked emmer wheat, which make up the described subspecies, served as the material for this research, including four lines developed at VIR by A. F. Merezhko and seven by V. D. Kobylyansky. The wheat produced from interspecific crosses between different varieties of the hulless T. durum Desf. and various local forms of the hulled T. dicoccon (Schrank) Schuebl. has deserved the rank of subspecies (T. dicoccon (Schrank) Schuebl. subsp. nudicoccon Kobyl. et Smekal.). The obtained hulless wheat demonstrates morphological features characteristic of T. dicoccon: its ear is flat, there are two grains in the spikelet, etc., while its kernels are easily separated from chaff.
LATE BLIGHT RESISTANCE OF WILD POTATO SPECIES UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS IN THE NORTHWEST OF RUSSIA
Authors: Zoteyeva N. M.
Published: January 2020

Background. Despite the great efforts made by breeders, late blight remains a paramount cause of significant potato harvest losses. Introgression of various resistance genes from wild Solanum L. species is the main method to increase the resistance in potato cultivars. Field resistance is considered to be more durable than those induced by the action of single R genes. To this end, resistance sources should be selected from а wide range of species under severe natural infection.

Material and methods. As the material for evaluation, 1141 accessions of 99 wild potato species belonging to 15 taxonomic series according to the system of J. Hawkes were used. Each accession was assessed for 3–5 years. A 1–9 point scale was employed to score the damage of plants every week starting from the first symptoms of the disease, where 9 meant the absence of any symptoms, and 1 the entirely damaged plant. The plants scoring 6 to 9 points were considered resistant.

Results and conclusions. As a result of the long-term field observations, wild potato species, represented in the current evaluation by numerous accessions, were characterized for foliar resistance to late blight; individual introductions resistant to late blight were also identified. Some of those studied in the 1980s showed high resistance in the end of the 1990s through the 2000s. The highest percentage of resistant accessions/species was identified among the species with areas of distribution in Mexico. A group of Central American species and large part of species with areas of distribution in South America expressed high level of interspecific polymorphism in foliar resistance to late blight.
MELANOSIS AS A FACTOR REDUCING GRAIN QUALITY IN PROSO MILLET (PANICUM MILIACEUM L.) (A REVIEW)
Authors: Kulemina Т. V.
Published: January 2020

Possible causes of melanosis in millet have been studied for a long time, and numerous efforts have been made to breed resistant cultivars, but still there are no sources of high resistance to this disease. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the most important results of research into the nature of melanosis in millet, a disease without outward manifestation on plants or seeds, and search for ways to reduce its harmfulness. Although the disease’s infectious nature has been confirmed by all researchers, no one has succeeded in identifying the causative agent of melanosis. It is assumed that melanosis may be provoked by both bacteria and fungi as well as through their complex effect on a plant. Weather conditions conducive to a spread of infection have not been identified either. According to some reports, dry and warm weather increases the risk of infection and spreading of the disease; according to others, more humid and warm conditions are to blame. A possible effect of millet grain shape on the level of disease manifestation has not been clearly explained, but there is evidence that the degree of floral scale closeness and thickness as well as the grain size do enhance mechanical protection of seed from infection. When floral scales are tightly closed, coarsehulled fine grains are as much protected from exposures as possible, which may add to the plant’s defense against the infection. Selecting plants with better developed grain-enclosing scales would help to breed proso millet cultivars resistant to melanosis. The infection can be transmitted by insects, wind or rain from any crop fields infested with the microflora that causes the disease. Its causative agents are specific to a definite area of millet cultivation, which is determined by the temperature regime and indirectly confirmed by conflicting data concerning the effect of air temperature and precipitation on the development of melanosis. The duration of the growing season, in its turn, can also have an impact on the development of damage under the husk of millet grain. Early-ripening millet forms are more resistant to the disease.
THE EFFECT OF PHYTOHORMONES AND LIGHT ON THE GERMINATION OF APPLE POLLEN WITH REDUCED VIABILITY
Authors: Pavlov A. V. , Verzhuk V. G. , Bondaruk D. D.
Published: January 2020

Background. Studying the effect of phytohormones and light on the germination of apple pollen with reduced viability on an artificial nutrient medium is of importance, because it may facilitate an increase in the germination percentage among plant samples promising for breeding after their long-term preservation under low temperatures.

Materials and methods. Pollen viability of the apple-tree cultivar ‘Krasnolistnaya’ was measured by germinating it on an artificial nutrient medium containing 10% sucrose solution and 0.8% agar. Drops of a distilled water suspension of pollen with added phytohormones were applied to the surface of the nutrient medium. Pollen was germinated in the dark (24 hours in a thermostat at 21°C) and under light (in an artificial light chamber at 21°C with a photoperiod of 16 hours of light / 8 hours of darkness). Results. Pollen of cv. ‘Krasnolistnaya’ with reduced viability most effectively germinated with the use of gibberellin at a concentration of 1 mg/l and 10 mg/l: the germination percentage was 22.3±0.8% and 21.8±1.3% respectively (сf. 10.9±1.5% in the reference). The most effective combination of phytohormones was gibberellin 10 mg/l + kinetin 10 mg/l – the percentage of germination was 22.8±6.3%; kinetin 1 mg/l + indolylbutyric acid 1 mg/l – the percentage of germination was 17.5±5.9% vs. 10.9±1.5% in the reference.

Conclusion. Phytohormones were observed to have a significant effect on the germination of apple pollen with reduced viability. Effective concentrations and combinations of phytohormones that promote the germination of pollen with reduced viability have been identified. Light does not affect the germination of pollen with reduced viability.
RESULTS OF TESTING SOYBEAN ACCESSIONS AT THE FAR EAST EXPERIMENT STATION OF VIR IN 1990-2017
Authors: Seferova I. V. , Bulakh P. P.
Published: January 2020

Background. Soybeans accessions from the VIR collection were tested in Primorsky Territory, Russia. These accessions had not been studied earlier in that area.

Materials and methods. The testing was carried out at the Far East Experiment Station of VIR and involved 570 soybean accessions of various geographic origin. The work was performed according to VIR’s methodological guidelines.

Results. The selected accessions were evaluated for their flowering and ripening schedule, seed yield, various seed characteristics (primary color of seed coat, seed hilum color, etc.), 1000 seed weight, plant height, the lower pod setting height, etc. The maximum seed yield (18.0–21.9 g) was registered for 4 accessions: ‘Primorskaya 1099’(k-9700), ‘Primorskaya 1102’ (k-9707) (Russia, Primorsky Territory); ‘Epps’(k-9308) and ‘Pioneer 3981’(k-9651) (USA). Their growing season lasted 121– 130 days. The earliest accessions ‘1337’ and ‘738-4’ (Sweden) had growing seasons of 81–90 days and low seed yields. The weight of 1000 seeds varied from 71 g to 250 g. Only one accession had 1000 seed weight higher than 300 g. The correlation between seed yield and growing season duration was medium (r = 0.57), and between seed yield and 1000 seed weight it was small (r = 0.13). Stem length varied from 15–30 to 111–130 cm. Accessions with the highest seed yield had stem lengths of 51–90 cm. The lower pod setting height ranged from a minimal level (< 6.1 cm) to 18.1–20.0 cm. Among the 92 accessions with high seed productivity (> 14.0 g) only 5 produced their lower pods at a height above 12 cm. Full-scale characterization of the material was published in Catalogue of the VIR Global Collection, Issue 905, 2019.

Conclusion. The accomplished study helped to describe earlier untested accessions, grown under the environmental conditions important for soybean production. The accessions with the best economic characteristics can be used in breeding practice.
MOBILIZATION OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES FROM THE TERRITORY OF ASTRAKHAN PROVINCE, RUSSIA
Authors: Burlyaeva M. O. , Gridnev G. A. , Miroshnichenko E. V.
Published: January 2020

Background. The vegetation in Astrakhan Province has for a long time attracted the interest of natural scientists. However, due to inaccessibility of a number of habitats and ‘landscape ϐluidity’ in the Volga-Akhtuba ϐloodplain and the Volga estuary, not all of its areas have been explored comprehensively enough. The local vast resources of useful plants of arid steppes and deserts, including crop wild relatives (CWR), have until now remained unused. Studying and mobilizing valuable plant samples, forms and species from natural communities would help to preserve the bioresources of desertiϐied steppes and deserts, and enhance their utilization in arid areas.

Methods. The collecting mission’s route passed through Chernoyarsky, Yenotaevsky, Narimanovsky, Krasnoyarsky, Kharabalinsky, Akhtubinsky, Privolzhsky, Kamyzyaksky, Limansky and Ikryaninsky districts of Astrakhan Province. With the itinerary-based method of surveying, the explorations were carried out from August 12 through August 30, 2017. The length of the route was 2,467 km. Coordinates of the collecting sites and altitudes above sea level were identiϐied with a Garmin etrex 20x navigation device.

Results. The diversity of CWR and landraces was explored in various natural ecosystems of the Volga river basin. Sixty-eight phytocenoses were described, and 160 seed samples of 39 plant species (25 genera) were collected, representing old landraces and wild relatives of fodder, fruit, cereal, vegetable and ϐiber crops. Many of the collected plant forms and populations with valuable biological traits deserve to be included in introduction trials and breeding programs, especially those that may serve as sources of heat, drought and salt tolerance.
THE LINE RICO IS THE EARLIEST MATURING ACCESSION IN THE VIR COLLECTION OF SPRING BREAD WHEAT
Authors: Rigin B. V. , Zuev E. V. , Andreeva A. S. , Pyzhenkova Z. S. , Matvienko I. I.
Published: January 2020

Background. To optimize the process of bread wheat breeding for earliness and environmental adaptability, searching for new source material is a crucial task. The ultra-early line Rico (k-65588) – Triticum aestivum var. erythrospermum Koern. – stands out among the bread wheat accessions from the VIR collection for its important adaptive features.

Materials and methods. Spring wheat accessions with different speed of development were selected from the VIR collection for this study, along with the ultra-early lines Rifor 1 ... 10 (F6-7 Rico × Forlani Roberto k-42641) and Fori 1 ... 8 (k-65589 ... k-65596) (F4 Foton k-55696 × Rico). Their responses to a short 12-hour day were assessed. Vernalization conditions were 30 days at 3°C. The genetics of plant sensitivity to vernalization and photoperiods was studied using allele-specific primers for the genes Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1 and Ppd-D1.

Results and conclusions. In the Northwest of Russia, the period from seeding to heading for Rico plants was 39.9 ± 1.49 days, or 14.8 ± 1.22 days less than for the released commercial wheat cultivars. Among the 8400 wheat accessions, studied by the Wheat Genetic Resources Department of VIR in this area from 1948 to 2018, the shortest period from germination to heading was observed in the line Rico: 29 (28–30) days. The absence of response to vernalization in Rico, Fori and Rifor lines was determined by the dominant alleles Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1 and Vrn-D1. Photoperiodism in Rico and partially in Rifor was controlled by at least two genes: Ppd-D1 and Ppd-B1. In the F2 population of Rico hybrids with 8 wheat accessions no transgression was observed beyond the limits of Rico‘s variation. The difference in the development rate between Rico and other wheat accessions is controlled by two or three non-allelic genes. Rifor lines can compete in productivity with commercialized wheat cultivars.
“GOLDEN FUND OF ANDI” (TO THE RELEASE OF THE BOOKS OF RASUL MAGOMEDMIRZAYEVICH IBRAGIMOV)
Authors: KHALILOV Madzhid Sharipovich
Published: January 2020

Review of several books by RASUL MAGOMEDMIRZAYEVICH IBRAGIMOV.
ABOUT SOME PECULIARITIES OF AFFIXED MORPHEMES OF THE VERB OF THE AVAR LANGUAGE
Authors: MALLAEVA Zulaykhat Magomedovna
Published: January 2020

The article analyzes affixal morphemes of the simple future tense of the verb of the Avar language. Peculiarities of combination of categorical affixal morphemes of the verb are the need for a connective vowel in cases when the root morpheme has a consonant auslaut and affixal morpheme has a consonant anlaut. In such cases, the connecting function is performed by thematic vowels. The peculiarity of the simple future tense forms is that they all have the same thematic vowel - i -, as the corresponding infinitive forms do. The use of the thematic vowel infinitive - i - for the future tense forms seems to be due to the semantic proximity of the infinitive and the Futurum.
THE STATUS OF THE POPULATION AND FEATURES OF ECOLOGY BY HAMSTERS FROM THE GENUS MESOCRICETUS IN THE CONDITIONS OF REDUCTION OF CROPS OF GRAINS IN AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES OF MOUNTAINOUS DAGHESTAN
Authors: Omarov Kamil Zubairovich , Chunkov Magomed Magomed-Rasulovich
Published: January 2020

For the last 25 years the structure of the agriculture in Mountainous Daghestan was cardinally changed - the area of crops has decreased by 3 times, and the crops of grain crops have been replaced by vegetables. These changes were directly reflected on the state of the population of the hamsters Mesocricetus raddei and M. brandti. The range of these species has become fragmented, and their number grew shorter. The change in land use conditions signifi-cantly affected the nature of the use of the territory and the diurnal surface activity of the Ciscaucasian hamster.
ALLOMETRIC GROWTH AND LIFE EXPECTANCY OF THE BIVALVE DIDACNA BARBOTDEMARNYI (GRIMM, 1877)
Authors: Khlopkova Marina Vladimirovna
Published: January 2020

Allometric characteristics, at the second stage of mollusk growth, more accurately reflect the environmental condi-tions. In assessing the growth of mollusks, it is found that the largest annual increase in the length of the shell is ob-served up to 2,5 years. Revealed has been that Didacna barbotdemarnyi (Grimm, 1877) in moderate environmental conditions after two years of growth comes to maturity, and after 6 years the growth rate slows down. The formation of shells on the principle of negative allometry b < 1 is characteristic for the inhabitants of hard sand-shell and silt-shell soils.
CHRONICLE OF THE ALIMCHULAL TUKHUM (PATRONYMY) – A SOURCE ON GENEALOGY AND THE HISTORY OF DAGHESTAN INTELLECTUAL ELITE
Authors: Khapizov Shakhban Magomedovich
Published: January 2020

The article, based on data from written sources, examines the genealogy of the Alimchulal patronymy (tukhum). Since the XIII and to the end of the XIX century, this dynasty of Muslim ulama-scientists played a significant role in the spir-itual and intellectual life of Khunzakh, the capital of the Sarir kingdom, and later the Avar Nutsaldom. The main source is a short of the Avar-language historical essay. This family chronicle was written in 1966 by a representative of Al-imchulal tukhum. The data of the chronicle are verified by the information from the colophons of a number of manu-scripts, copied in the XVI–XIX centuries by representatives of this tukhum. It certainly has some errors and inconsist-encies. However the genealogy presented in this work has a real historical basis. Here presented are the translitera-tion and the Russian translation of the work. It also contains the genealogy of the Avar Nutsals. The data devoted to details of the spread of Islam in Khunzakh have considerable interest. The article also contains information from the manuscripts of the XVI–XIX centuries, which are stored in the Alimchulal collection and other manuscript sources. Obviously, the ancestor of the Alimchulal tukhum was a Christian “alim” (head of the Christian church of Sarir?) in the XIII century. Subsequently, he converted to Islam and contributed to the spread of Islam in the Khunzakh region. His descendants became famous alims, for several centuries being the qadis of Khunzakh and the Avar Nutsaldom.
STRUCTURAL-SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF THE INVENTORY OF THE INDIRECT BASES IN THE RUTUL LANGUAGE
Authors: Ibragimova Mariza Oglanovna
Published: January 2020

The article formulates general provisions resulting from the analysis of the indirect bases in the Rutul language. Based on the analysis of the actual material, revealed are the indirect bases of three-, four-, five-, six-, and seven-component structures occurring in the Rutul language in the declension of nouns, substances and masdar (Gerrund). It is determined that the richness of the inventory of indirect foundations is caused by the presence of affixes of case, number, determiners-and-distributors of the base, attributivizers, interfixes with a formal link function of the morphemes.
DAGHESTAN ETHNIC GROUPS IN THE XXI CENTURY (REVIEW OF THE BOOK BY M.M. SHAKHBANOVA "INTERETHNIC RELATIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF DAGHESTAN: STATE, TENSION FACTORS, STABILIZATION MECHANISMS")
Authors: ABDULAGATOV Zaid Magomedovich
Published: January 2020

Review of the book "Interethnic Relations In The Republic Of Daghestan: State, Tension Factors, Stabilization Mechanisms" by M.M. Shakhbanova.
ADVERBIALIZATION AND WORD-FORMING FEATURES OF ADVERTISING IN THE AVAR LANGUAGE
Authors: MAGOMEDOV Magomed Ibragimovich
Published: January 2020

Adverbialization is one of the active ways to replenish the adverbial vocabulary of the Avar language. Adverbs in the Avar language are divided into the non-derivatives and derivatives. The non-derivatives include the established, morphologically formed, immutable adverbs, the origin of which is difficult to establish. The derivatives include adverbs that can be decomposed into the bases and affixes. They consist of different parts of speech and are the way to form the adverbs from the nouns, verbs and the other parts of speech.
Penerapan Gerakan Senam Ceria Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Siswa Dalam Kegiatan Fisik Motorik Kelompok B Di Pos Paud Terpadu Kartini Kota Surabaya
Authors: Zulfah Umi
Published: January 2020

In children aged PAUD activeness in various activities is necessary for the development of large muscle and small muscle. In doing cheerful exercise is very helpful for the development of students in motoric physical activities. The research entitled ”Application of Cheerful Gymnastic Movement to Increase Students’Interest in Group B Physical Motoric Activities at Kartini Integrated Education Post” has the aim to describe the application of cheerful gymnartic movements that are used to increase student interest and explain the application of cheerful gymnastic movements can increase student interest. This research is classroom action research (PTK). The data collection method use observation. Data analysis techniques used descriptive qualitative and quantitative deskriptive percentages. The results of the study showed that (1) the application gymnastic movements to group B students was carried out continuously.(2) The results of the research in the first cycle and second cycle are known to have increased from 54,375% to 85% of the everage number of students. From these results it can be concluded that cheerful gymnastic can increase students’ interest in group B physical motor activities at the Surabaya Kartini Integrated Education Pos can be proven
SENTRA KARAKTER DALAM MENSTIMULASI KEMAMPUAN SOSIAL EMOSIONAL ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN DI KB-TK KHADIJAH PANDEGILING SURABAYA
Authors: Rihlah Jauharotur , Hardiningrum Andini
Published: January 2020

The character center is a vehicle to provide stimulus in the form of knowledge planting, love and the inculcation of good behavior that becomes a pattern / habit. At this early age, a child's character will be formed from the results of learning and absorbing from our behavior as parents and from the surrounding environment. At this age mental development takes place very quickly. The purpose of this study was to determine how the application of character centers in stimulating the emotional social abilities of children aged 5-6 years at KB Khadijah Pandegiling Surabaya. This type of research is a descriptive qualitative study. The research subjects were 13 students at Mazraatul Ulum Paciran Kindergarten. The research data is taken through observation, field notes, interviews and documentation while learning. The results of the study state that character center learning can stimulate children's social emotional development as evident from 13 Al-A'rof group children, there are 8 children who are able to be independent in doing tasks, 10 children who are able to wait patiently, 8 children are able to be responsible and 11 children are able to share . Based on the results of the research above, it can be concluded that the learning center of character in stimulating the social development of children in group B in Khadijah Pandegiling Kindergarten Surabaya. Furthermore, it is recommended in implementing character center learning to be able to use the correct procedures so that the child's potential can be developed optimally
KEMAMPUAN MENYIMAK ANAK USIA 3-4 TAHUN DALAM KEGIATAN BERCERITA DI PPT TANJUNG IX KENJERAN SURABAYA
Authors: Hardiningrum Andini , Rihlah Jauharotur
Published: January 2020

Language skills affect each other. Before the child is able to speak, read, and write the child first listens. Listening is the earliest ability a child learns among the three other abilities. This is explained also by Tarigan (2008: 2) "in childhood we learn to listen to language then speak, after that we read and write". PPT activities that are able to develop the ability to listen to children through storytelling activities. By telling a child's hearing can be functioned well to help the ability to speak, by increasing vocabulary vocabulary, the ability to say words, train stringing sentences in accordance with the stage of development. The research design used is qualitative descriptive research. The subjects of this study were children aged 3-4 years in PPT Tanjung IX Kenjeran Surabaya. From the results of research the ability to listen is the ability that can be possessed by children through guidance, in group A PPT Tanjung IX Kenjeran Surabaya children the ability to listen to children based on research results is still in the developing stages. To reach the stage it has developed and is developing very well the teacher must guide and train the child. The data analysis technique of the Miles and Huberman model consists of 3 steps namely, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing / verification. The conclusion of this study is that the child is in the stage of developing according to the expected indicators. Situation factors are the factors that most influence the ability to listen to children in storytelling activities. The method used by teachers in PPT Tanjung IX Kenjeran Surabaya is the method of recounting, working on it, answering questions and paraphrase
Penyuntingan dalam Media
Authors: P NarindraRamadhani
Published: January 2020

Dalam penyuntingan mencakup proses membaca, meneliti, dan memperbaiki naskah, bacaan, artikel yang sudah diberikan oleh penulis kepada penyunting yang selanjutnya siap untuk dimuat atau diterbitkan oleh penerbit. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang mendalam tentang proses penyuntingan dalam sebuah media cetak. Penerbit, penulis, dan pembaca menjadi serangkaian komponen yang penting dalam proses penyuntingan. Proses menyunting menjadi kegiatan yang dapat meningkatkan kualitas kemampuan menulis seseorang. Menjadi seorang penyunting harus memahami perkembangan bahasa, khususnya bahasa Indonesia. Bahasa yang bersifat arbitrer menyebabkan bahasa dapat berubah sewaktu-waktu. Hal tersebut dijadikan latar belakang penyunting untuk selalu megikuti perkembangan bahasa. Di setiap penerbitan pasti memiliki gaya selingkung yang berbeda. Gaya selingkung tersebut menjadi pedoman atau pegangan seorang penyunting dalam melakukan proses penyuntingan. Dengan hal tersebut doharapkan naskah yang telah diberikan kepada penyunting dapar diperbaiki dengan baik dan benar sehingga menjadi naskah yang siap cetak. Gaya selingkung yang berbeda di setiap penerbit menjadi salah satu pembeda antara penerbit yang satu dengan penerbit yang lain.
TANTANGAN PERAWAT MANAJER DALAM PEMBINAAN ETIKA PROFESI
Authors: Matondang Elsa Rizky Safitri
Published: January 2020

Etik merupakan perilaku dan sikap yang menuntun perawat dalam bertindak sebagai anggota profesi. Sebagai seorang profesional, perawat mengernban tanggung gugat untuk membuat keputusan dan mengambil langkah-langkah tentang asuhan keperawatan yang diberikan. Dalam melaksanakan tugasnya perawat akan sering mengalami konflik. Etik keperawatan berkaitan dengan hak, tanggungjawab dan kewajiban dari tenaga keperawatan profesional dan institusi pelayanan dimana pasien dirawat. Tujuannya untuk mengetahui tantangan yang dihadapi oleh perawat manajer dalam melakukan pembinaan etika profesi. Metode yang digunakan dengan menelaah dari berbagai sumber publikasi ilmiah, diolah dan dianalisa sehingga menghasilkan sebuah pembahasan dan kesimpulan dari topik yang ditetapkan. Perawat sebagai profesi yang bekerja diberbagai tatanan pelayanan kesehatan harus memahami tentang kode etik keperawatan agar dalam pelaksanaan praktik keperawatan menjunjung tinggi etika profesi. Sebagai perawat sering sekali dihadapkan dengan masalah-masalah etik, perawat sebagai individu manusia yang dapat khilaf atas perbuatan dan perkataan diwajibkan mempunyai pengetahuan yang cukup dan mampu mendalami apa yang menjadi peran dan tanggung jawab perawat dalam berperilaku sesuai kode etik keperawatan. Sebagai profesi yang masih dalam proses menuju “perwujudan diri”, profesi keperawatan dihadapkan pada berbagai tantangan. Sebagai seorang profesional, perawat akan mengemban tanggung gugat untuk membuat keputusan dan mengambil langkah-langkah tentang asuhan keperawatan yang diberikan.
Interaction techniques on mobile devices for the blind’s language learning
Authors: Melie Steina
Published: January 2020

Electronic aids on mobile devices are starting to spread to the visually impaired including for language learning. However, they may have the disadvantage of only providing information on the vocabularies and sentences, and not on the other language elements. The non-visual guidance assistance techniques developed on mobile phones can provide these missing indications. They are intended to allow a user to determine the contexts in which the language used especially for the information related to the language interaction.