bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lightning Rods, Earthquakes, and Regional Identities: Towards a Multi‐Scale Framework of Assessing Fracking Risk Perception
Authors: Pollard James A. , Rose David C.
Published: August 2018

Hydraulic fracturing has provided a persistent, polarizing, and highly politicized source of controversy internationally and in numerous national contexts for just under a decade. This research uses hydraulic fracturing (i.e., fracking) operations in New Zealand as a vignette through which to understand the underlying causes of controversy and the appropriateness of attempts to address them. A multi‐method approach using interviews (n = 25), diagrammatic analysis, and newsprint media was applied to evidence two major findings. First, previous attempts to explain fracking controversy based on social constructivist theory lack a multi‐scalar approach to the assessment of factors that influence risk perceptions. It is found that risk perception surrounding fracking in New Zealand reflects intra‐scalar interactions between factors originating at the international, national, regional, and local scale. Second, there is a concerning absence of critique pertaining to the concept of “social license to operate” (SLO), which has been advocated both internationally and nationally as an appropriate form of stakeholder engagement. This article contributes to the SLO outcomes literature by establishing a need to consider multi‐scalar influences on risk perception when explaining diverse SLO outcomes in communities where fracking operations are prospective or already taking place.
Clinical and histopathological features of Burkholderia cepacia complex dermatitis in dogs: a series of four cases
Authors: Cain Christine L. , Cole Stephen D. , Bradley II Charles W. , Canfield Michael S. , Mauldin Elizabeth A.
Published: August 2018

Background

The Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) is an emerging cause of opportunistic infections. Deep pyoderma associated with Bcc infection has been reported previously in dogs receiving ciclosporin.

Objective

To report the clinical and histopathological features of four additional cases of Bcc dermatitis in dogs, one of which progressed to septicaemia.

Animals

Four dogs with a skin culture yielding growth of Bcc and skin biopsies for histopathological investigation.

Methods and materials

Retrospective review of medical records and skin biopsies and PCR for Burkholderia on DNA extracted from paraffin‐embedded skin and liver to confirm Bcc sepsis.

Results

Three different breeds and one mixed breed dog were represented. Two dogs were receiving ciclosporin and one was receiving oclacitinib. One dog had no evidence of immunosuppression. One dog was bathed two days prior to onset of skin lesions. Three dogs presented with dorsally orientated ulcers, crusts and draining tracts; one dog had infection localized to a surgical site. The main histological feature from skin biopsies was severe neutrophilic folliculitis and furunculosis with marked neutrophilic to pyogranulomatous dermatitis. Intracellular Gram‐negative and Warthin–Starry positive rods were present in three of four cases. Three dogs were successfully treated with systemic fluoroquinolones or trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole. The Bcc isolate in one dog was resistant to all tested systemic antimicrobials. This dog developed septicaemia and was euthanized.

Conclusions and clinical importance

Bcc skin infections can occur in immunocompetent and immunocompromised dogs. Bcc isolates may be extensively antimicrobial resistant, presenting a challenge for clinical management. Cutaneous infection may progress to life‐threatening sepsis.
Annual radiocarbon record indicates 16th century BCE date for the Thera eruption
Authors: Pearson Charlotte L. , Brewer Peter W. , Brown David , Heaton Timothy J. , Hodgins Gregory W. L. , Jull A. J. Timothy , Lange Todd , Salzer Matthew W.
Published: August 2018

New annual radiocarbon calibration data offer a resolution to controversial dating of the Bronze Age eruption of Thera.
Cross-disciplinary evolution of the genomics revolution
Authors: Petersen Alexander M. , Majeti Dinesh , Kwon Kyeongan , Ahmed Mohammed E. , Pavlidis Ioannis
Published: August 2018

Pervasive cross-disciplinarity has been a key factor in the genomics revolution.
New geological age comes under fire
Authors: Voosen Paul
Published: August 2018

Timing and extent of ancient drought used to define the Meghalayan are uncertain.
Hybrids spawned Lake Victoria's rich fish diversity
Authors: Pennisi Elizabeth
Published: August 2018

Cichlid speciation helped by pre-existing genetic variation.
Infrared method could safely identify cells
Authors: Leslie Mitch
Published: August 2018

Researchers use powerful synchrotron radiation to profile cell types.
Apoptosis propagates through the cytoplasm as trigger waves
Authors: Cheng Xianrui , Ferrell James E.
Published: August 2018

Visualizing a traveling wave of cell death

When diffusion is too slow for communication over long distances, cells can use waves of chemical activity. By using fluorescent probes and microscopy, Cheng and Ferrell show that in frog eggs (which are very large cells), waves of apoptotic signals can be seen passing through the egg cytoplasm. The pathways that trigger cell death have positive feedback loops that lead to self-regenerating waves. The speed of the waves (∼30 micrometers per minute) is too fast to be explained by diffusion.

Science
, this issue p.
607
Comment on “Unexpected reversal of C
3
versus C
4
grass response to elevated CO
2
during a 20-year field experiment”
Authors: Wolf Julie , Ziska Lewis
Published: August 2018

Reich
et al
. (Reports, 20 April 2018, p. 317) assert that the responses of C
3
and C
4
grass biomass to elevated CO
2
“challenge the current C
3
-C
4
[elevated CO
2
] paradigm,” but these responses can be explained by the natural history of the experimental plants and soils without challenging this paradigm.
Lateral moves
The Tangled Tree
David Quammen
Simon & Schuster, 2018. 487 pp.
Authors: Knight Ivor T.
Published: August 2018

An engaging history reveals the scientific struggle to understand horizontal gene transfer
MicroRNA-204-5p suppresses IL6-mediated inflammatory response and chemokine generation in HK-2 renal tubular epithelial cells by targeting IL6R
Authors: Li Hua , Wang Jibo , Liu Xiaoru , Cheng Qiang
Published: August 2018

During the pathogenetic process of varied kidney diseases, renal tubules are the major sites in response to detrimental insults, including pro-inflammatory stimuli. MicroRNA-204-5p (miR-204-5p) can be detected in the renal tubular epithelial cells in the normal kidney; its expression, however, is downregulated in the kidney with pathological changes. This study aimed to investigate the role of miR-204-5p in interleukin 6 (IL6) mediated inflammatory response and chemokine production in HK-2 renal tubular cells. In HK-2 cells, the expression of miR-204-5p was downregulated in response to exogenous pro-inflammatory stimulus, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), or IL1β, while that of IL6 receptor α (IL6R) was upregulated. Dual-luciferase results confirmed that miRNA-204-5p directly targeted IL6R. In addition to suppressing IL6R expression, miRNA-204-5p agomir also inhibited the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in HK-2 cells exposed to exogenous IL6. Further, miRNA-204-5p suppressed the overproduction of pro-inflammatory mediators (cyclooxygenase 2 and prostaglandin E2) and chemokines (C–C motif chemokine ligand 2 and C–X–C motif chemokine ligand 8). The anti-inflammatory effects of miRNA-204-5p were attenuated when IL6R was reexpressed in HK-2 cells. Collectively, our study reveals that miR-204-5p inhibits the inflammation and chemokine generation in renal tubular epithelial cells by modulating the IL6/IL6R axis.
Preparation, characterization, and application of synthesized thiourea formaldehyde-calcium alginate in removal of Reactive Black 5
Authors: El-Bindary A.A. , Shoair A.F. , Kiwaan H.A. , Hawas A.R.
Published: August 2018

Thiourea formaldehyde calcium alginate (TFCA) composite was successfully synthesized and used for removal of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) dye. The synthesized composite was applied and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) spectra, scanning electron microscope (SEM)/EDS, energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). SEM and EDX analyses confirm the homogeneity of the sorbent in term of composition. Batch adsorption experiments were performed to evaluate the adsorption conditions such as pH value, dye concentration, contact time, temperature, and sorbent dose, as well as the ionic strength effect. Experimental data have been modeled by using Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin Radushkevich (D–R), and Temkin isotherms. Kinetic adsorption data modeled using PFORE, PSORE, Morris Weber, and Elovich in order to determine thermodynamic parameters (ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS) for the dye adsorbent systems. These data indicated an exothermic spontaneous adsorption process that kinetically followed the pseudo second-order adsorption process and removal of RB5 dye from aqueous solution. The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity was 0.2 mmol g−1, observed at pH 1 and temperature 25 °C. Equilibrium adsorption was achieved within 60 min.
Description and prediction of even-A nuclear masses based on residual proton–neutron interactions
Authors: Jiao Baobao
Published: August 2018

The odd–even staggering of neighboring nuclear masses is very useful in calculating local mass relations and nucleon-pair correlations. During the past decades, there has been an increasing interest in the odd–even features of the mass relations and related quantities exhibited in masses of neighboring nuclei. In this work, after choosing a nucleus, we made an analysis of its neighboring nuclei on the upper left corner and the lower right corner, respectively. We empirically obtained a new residual interaction formula of even-A (A is the mass number) nuclei, and it is a revision based on the existing empirical local formula of the proton–neutron interactions between the last proton and the last neutron [Formula: see text]. We then calculated the even-A nuclear masses. The differences between our calculated values and the AME2012 database show that the root-mean-squared deviations (RMSD) are small (for even-A nuclei: A[Formula: see text]42, RMSD[Formula: see text]161 keV; A[Formula: see text]100, RMSD[Formula: see text]125 keV), while for heavy nuclei, some of our calculated values can reach an accuracy of a few tens of keV. With our residual interaction formula including one parameter, we have successfully predicted some unknown masses. Some of our predicted values are compared well with the experimental values (AME2016). In addition, the accuracy and simplicity of our predicted masses for medium and heavy nuclei are comparable to those of the AME2012 (AME2016) extrapolations.
Topologic configuration of electron
Authors: Yang Qing , Fan J. D.
Published: August 2018

Motion of an electron is much different from that of a kind of matter in classical mechanics. Although it is impossible to directly observe the configuration of a bare electron, it is never as simple as to treat it as a three-dimensional (3D) particle in the microscopic world because the electron itself certainly has its own topological configuration, so that it presents a field of a unit charge and a spin, etc. An electron produces a magnetic field in motion and also can radiate or absorb an electromagnetic field in its accelerating motions. Thus, the topological configuration of an electron must be related or similar to the configurations of the magnetic field and electromagnetic wave. Starting from the topological configuration of a single electromagnetic wave, it is possible to derive that an electron is a quantized left-hand Möbius strip, on the center of which there exists an anti-neutrino. The Möbius strip excites a [Formula: see text] circumference of a unit negative charge and a linear electric field of a [Formula: see text] torsion and can explain the wave feature of the electron and the essential cause of producing a magnetic field and radiating an electromagnetic wave as well as predict that the second-order tensor field among the three quarks in a proton has a topological configuration of right-hand three-leaf knot and can excite a [Formula: see text] circumference of a unit positive charge and a linear electric field of a [Formula: see text] torsion, which is just allelomorphic to an electron.
NON-PARAMETRIC MULTIPLE CHANGE POINT ANALYSIS OF THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS
Authors: ALLEN DAVID E. , McALEER MICHAEL , POWELL ROBERT J. , SINGH ABHAY K.
Published: August 2018

This paper presents an application of a recently developed approach by Matteson and James ( 2014 ) for the analysis of change points in a dataset, namely major financial market indices converted to financial return series. The general problem concerns the inference of a change in the distribution of a set of time-ordered variables. The approach involves the non-parametric estimation of both the number of change points and the positions at which they occur. The approach is general and does not involve assumptions about the nature of the distributions involved or the type of change beyond the assumption of the existence of the [Formula: see text] absolute moment, for some [Formula: see text]. The estimation procedure is based on hierarchical clustering and the application of both divisive and agglomerative algorithms. The method is used to evaluate the impact of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) on the US, French, German, UK, Japanese and Chinese markets, as represented by the S&P500, CAC, DAX, FTSE All Share, Nikkei 225 and Shanghai A share Indices, respectively, from 2003 to 2013. The approach is used to explore the timing and the number of change points in the datasets corresponding to the GFC and subsequent European Debt Crisis.
The Neurobiological Basis of Sleep and Sleep Disorders
Authors: Joiner William J.
Published: August 2018

The functions of sleep remain a mystery. Yet they must be important since sleep is highly conserved, and its chronic disruption is associated with various metabolic, psychiatric, and neurodegenerative disorders. This review will cover our evolving understanding of the mechanisms by which sleep is controlled and the complex relationship between sleep and disease states.
Hypoxia Signaling in Vascular Homeostasis
Authors: Marsboom Glenn , Rehman Jalees
Published: August 2018

Hypoxia signaling in the vasculature controls vascular permeability, inflammation, vascular growth, and repair of vascular injury. In this review, we summarize recent insights in this burgeoning field and highlight the importance of studying the heterogeneity of hypoxia responses among individual patients, distinct vascular beds, and even individual vascular cells.
Earthquake Response Control of Double‐Layer Truss Walls by means of Innovative Fuse Connections
Authors: Ishikawa Koichiro
Published: August 2018

This study deals with partial cylindrical truss walls equipped with damper connections due to horizontal earthquake motions. The damper connection consists of an aluminum ball joint, an aluminum hub, and a steel bolt. A ductile elongation of the steel bolt due to a tensile stress is expected by avoiding the brittle collapse. The study proposes a fuse‐type connection by means of yield of the steel bolt due to tension stress realized by the ductile failure collapse mechanism of the wall‐type spatial structure. The proposed truss wall with the fuse‐type connection can realize a deformation of nodes within the restriction for avoiding a nonstructural member damage. It is confirmed in the dynamic elastoplastic analysis that the control of the dynamic collapse mechanism such as the steel bolt elongation can avoid a brittle collapse mechanism such as a chain of member buckling. The evaluation method is also proposed by means of the limit displacement considering a ductility factor of the steel bolt within 2.0.
Factors Affecting Intention to Disclose HIV Status among Adult Population in Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors: Lemin Aren Sinedeh , Rahman Md Mizanur , Pangarah Cliffton Akoi
Published: August 2018

Background. Disclosure of HIV-positive status is an essential prerequisite for the prevention and care of person living with HIV/AIDS as well as to tackle hidden epidemic in the society. Objective. To determine the intention to disclose the HIV/AIDS status among adult population in Sarawak, Malaysia, and factors affecting thereof. Methods. This cross-sectional community-based study was conducted among adult population aged 18 years and above in Sarawak, Malaysia. A gender-stratified multistage cluster sampling technique was adopted to select the participants. A total of 900 respondents were successfully interviewed by face-to-face interview using interview schedule. Stepwise binary logistic regression models were fitted in SPSS version 22.0 to identify the factors associated with the disclosure of HIV/AIDS status. A p value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results. The mean (SD) age of male and female respondents was 41.57 (13.45) and 38.99 (13.09) years, respectively. A statistically significant difference of intention to disclosure of HIV status was found between males and females (p<0.05). A stepwise binary logistic regression analysis revealed that age, occupation, knowledge on HIV transmission, and content of discussion about HIV/AIDS appeared to be potential predictors for male respondents to disclose HIV status, while ethnicity and content of discussion on HIV/AIDS were found to be important predictors among the female respondents (p<0.05). Conclusion and Recommendation. Though the study did not depict the national prevalence of disclosure of HIV/AIDS status, the findings of the study would provide an important basic information for programme intervention, policy, and future research agenda.
Hybrid Internal Anomaly Detection System for IoT: Reactive Nodes with Cross-Layer Operation
Authors: Thanigaivelan Nanda Kumar , Nigussie Ethiopia , Virtanen Seppo , Isoaho Jouni
Published: August 2018

We present a hybrid internal anomaly detection system that shares detection tasks between router and nodes. It allows nodes to react instinctively against the anomaly node by enforcing temporary communication ban on it. Each node monitors its own neighbors and if abnormal behavior is detected, the node blocks the packets of the anomaly node at link layer and reports the incident to its parent node. A novel RPL control message, Distress Propagation Object (DPO), is formulated and used for reporting the anomaly and network activities to the parent node and subsequently to the router. The system has configurable profile settings and is able to learn and differentiate between the nodes normal and suspicious activities without a need for prior knowledge. It has different subsystems and operation phases that are distributed in both the nodes and router, which act on data link and network layers. The system uses network fingerprinting to be aware of changes in network topology and approximate threat locations without any assistance from a positioning subsystem. The developed system was evaluated using test-bed consisting of Zolertia nodes and in-house developed PandaBoard based gateway as well as emulation environment of Cooja. The evaluation revealed that the system has low energy consumption overhead and fast response. The system occupies 3.3 KB of ROM and 0.86 KB of RAM for its operations. Security analysis confirms nodes reaction against abnormal nodes and successful detection of packet flooding, selective forwarding, and clone attacks. The system’s false positive rate evaluation demonstrates that the proposed system exhibited 5% to 10% lower false positive rate compared to simple detection system.
Shape Oscillation of a Single Microbubble in an Ultrasound Field
Authors: Li Xian , Bao Fubing , Wang Yuebing
Published: August 2018

The shape oscillation of a single two-dimensional nitrogen microbubble in an ultrasound field is numerically investigated. The Navier–Stokes equations are solved by using the finite-volume method combined with the volume-of-fluid model. The numerical results are in good accordance with experimental and theoretical results reported. According to the analyses of the shape oscillation process, the bubble deformation period is twice the driving acoustic pressure period and the shape oscillation is mainly caused by the change of interface velocity. The vortexes produced due to velocity variations lead to the deformation of the bubble interface.
Performance Analysis of Flat Gain Wideband Raman Amplifier for S+C and C+L Band DWDM System
Authors: Pradhan Dipika D. , Mandloi Abhilash
Published: August 2018

Raman amplifier is an open area of research in telecommunication field. This paper discusses the performance of 64 channels of 10 Gbps WDM systems with backward multipump Raman amplifier. The main goal of this paper is the optimization of Raman amplifier to minimize its gain variation without using any gain flattening techniques. To increase the transmission capacity of DWDM system, Raman amplifier with backward multipump configuration is implemented. The optimized parameters such as pump power and frequencies are used to deliver both ground and excited state absorption for amplification in S+C and C+L band region. The pump power and frequencies are optimized through multitarget and multiparameter optimization tool available in OptiSystem software. Gain ripple was achieved <0.5 dB for this simulation setup. The maximum flat gain achieved is 8.6 dB and noise figure of <8 dB was achieved for this wide bandwidth without using gain flattening techniques. This amplifier design will be helpful for CATV applications and telecommunication networks.
Modeling Congestion Propagation in Multistage Schedule within an Airport Network
Authors: Dai Xiaoxu , Hu Minghua , Tian Wen , Liu Hao
Published: August 2018

In order to alleviate flight delay it is important to understand how air traffic congestion evolves or propagates. In this context, this paper focusses on the aggravation of airport congestion by the accumulation of delayed departure flights. We start by applying a heterogeneous network model that takes congestion connection/degree into consideration to predict departure congestion clusters. This is on the basis of the fact that, from a micro perspective, the connection between congestion and discrete clusters can be embodied in models. However, the results show prediction to be of high accuracy and time consuming due to the complexities in capturing the connection in congested flights. The problem of being highly time consuming is resolved in this paper by improving the models by stages. Stage partitioning based on the variation of delay clusters is similar to the typical infectious cycle. For heterogeneous networks the model can describe the congestion propagation and its causes at the different stages of operation. If the connection between flights is homogeneous, the model can describe a more indicative process or trend of congestion propagation. In particular, for single source congestion, the simplified multistage models enable short-term prediction to be fast. Furthermore, for the controllers, the accuracy of prediction using simplified models can be acceptable and the speed on the prediction is significantly increased. The simplified models can help controllers to understand congestion propagation characteristics at different stages of operation, make a fast and short-term prediction of congestion clusters, and facilitate the formulation of traffic control strategies.
3D Fiber‐Based Frame Element with Multiaxial Stress Interaction for RC Structures
Authors: Kagermanov Alexander , Ceresa Paola
Published: August 2018

A three‐dimensional fiber‐based frame element accounting for multiaxial stress conditions in reinforced concrete structures is presented. The element formulation relies on the classical Timoshenko beam theory combined with sectional fiber discretization and a triaxial constitutive model for reinforced concrete consisting of an orthotropic, smeared crack material model based on the fixed crack assumption. Torsional effects are included through the Saint‐Venant theory of torsion, which accounts for out‐of‐plane displacements perpendicular to the cross section due to warping effects. The formulation was implemented into a force‐based beam‐column element and verified against monotonic and cyclic tests of reinforced concrete columns in biaxial bending, beams in combined flexure‐torsion, and flexure‐torsion‐shear.
Electronic Structure and Magnetic Coupling of Pure and Mg-Doped KCuF3
Authors: Cargnoni Fausto , Cenedese Simone , Ghigna Paolo , Trioni Mario Italo , Scavini Marco
Published: August 2018

We investigated the electronic and magnetic properties of KCuF3 and KCu0.875Mg0.125F3 crystals by means of Density Functional periodic computations at the B3LYP level of theory. We considered four possible magnetic ordering of the unpaired electrons on copper ions. Both materials are correctly predicted as being 1D antiferromagnetic insulators, and the superexchange parameters in the crystallographic ab planes and along the c direction measure +10 and -600 K, respectively. Residual spin polarization is found also on fluorine atoms, in agreement with literature results. We found a complete orbital ordering at Cu sites: in the copper reference frame dxy, dyz, dxz, and dz2 orbitals contain about 2 electrons each, while the dx2-y2 orbital is only partially filled. The perturbation induced by doping of KCuF3 with Mg is very strong and localized on the first shell of F neighbours. Mg has a very small influence on the ordering of the 3d orbitals of copper and on the Cu-Cu magnetic superexchange parameters but reduces significantly the absolute energy differences between the antiferromagnetic ground state and the ferromagnetic phase, in agreement with the experiment. The absence of long range effects makes Mg a suitable dopant for the investigation of strongly correlated electronic systems by means of orbital dilution.
Dietary Motivations and Challenges among Animal Rights Advocates in Spain
Authors: Fiestas-Flores Jerico , Pyhälä Aili
Published: August 2018

Dietary changes towards veganism offer a solution to tackling not only unethical nonhuman animal exploitation but also to minimizing several environmental and health problems faced worldwide. This research examines what challenges and characteristics are associated with dietary choices among animal rights advocates (ARA) in Spain. The characteristics we test for include (a) general environmental and health awareness, (b) commitment to the animal rights movement, and (c) perceptions of animal emotions. From a sample of 235ARA, our results showed that the challenges related to diet vary largely across different diet types, with the most common among vegans being a perceived lack of societal support, whereas for omnivores, the taste of animal-based products. On average, veganARAwere found to hold both the highest levels of environmental awareness and commitment to the animal rights movement, while omnivores were least likely to draw similarities between nonhuman animal and human emotions.
Revision of the Synechococcales (Cyanobacteria) through recognition of four families including Oculatellaceae fam. nov. and Trichocoleaceae fam. nov. and six new genera containing 14 species
Authors: MAI TRUC , JOHANSEN JEFFREY R. , PIETRASIAK NICOLE , BOHUNICKÁ MARKÉTA , MARTIN MICHAEL P.
Published: August 2018

A total of 48 strains of thin, filamentous cyanobacteria in Synechococcales were studied by sequencing 16S rRNA and rpoC1 sequence fragments. We also carefully characterized a subset of these by morphology. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene data using Bayesian inference of a large Synechococcales alignment (345 OTU’s) was in agreement with the phylogeny based on the rpoC1 gene for 59 OTU’s. Both indicated that the large family-level grouping formerly classified as the Leptolyngbyaceae could be further divided into four family-level clades. Two of these family-level clades have been recognized previously as Leptolyngbyaceae and Prochlorotrichaceae. Oculatellaceae fam. nov. and Trichocoleaceae fam. nov. are proposed for the other two families. The Oculatellaceae was studied in greater detail, and six new genera containing 14 species were characterized and named. These new taxa are: Pegethrix botrychoides, P. olivacea, P. convoluta, P. indistincta, Drouetiella lurida, D. hepatica, D. fasciculata, Cartusia fontana, Tildeniella torsiva, T. nuda, Komarkovaea angustata, Kaiparowitsia implicata, Timaviella obliquedivisa, and T. radians.
Parastephanellus Enderlein (Hymenoptera: Stephanidae) revisited, with description of two new species from China
Authors: TAN JIANG-LI , VAN ACHTERBERG CORNELIS , TAN QING-QING , ZHOU TONG , LI TAO
Published: August 2018

Two new species of Parastephanellus Enderlein, 1906 (Hymenoptera: Stephanidae) are described and illustrated from China: P. evexus Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n. and P. yixiwui Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n. The male of P. brevicoxalis Hong, van Achterberg & Xu, 2011, is described and the supposed male by Chen et al. (2016) is included in P. evexus. Parastephanellus austrochinensis Belokobylskij, 1995, (former synonym of P. brevistigma Enderlein, 1913) is reinstated. A new key to the species of Parastephanellus Enderlein from China is provided and all species are illustrated.
Ascidians collected during the Madibenthos expedition in Martinique 3. Stolidobranchia, Pyuridae and Molgulidae
Authors: MONNIOT FRANÇOISE
Published: August 2018

An inventory of the marine benthic fauna around Martinique was the aim of the European Madibenthos expedition 2016. Among a large number of invertebrates abundant ascidians were collected: the phlebobranchs and Styelidae among the stolidobranch were already studied and the results published (Monniot 2018a and b). A third group, belonging to the Pyuridae and Molgulidae (Stolidobranchia) is studied here; it includes 13 species, three of them recorded for the second time. Each of them is described and figured and the geographic distribution is given.
The Effects of a Compression Garment on Lower Body Kinematics and Kinetics During a Drop Vertical Jump in Female Collegiate Athletes
Authors: Zamporri Jacobo , Aguinaldo Arnel
Published: August 2018

Background:

The use of compression garments has spread rapidly among athletes, largely because of marketing and perceived benefits. Upon review, it is unclear whether compression garments have a significant effect on performance and recovery, although they have been found to enhance proprioception. Further, it is reported that compression of the knee joint improves both dynamic and static balance. However, there is currently a paucity of data demonstrating the effects of compression garments on the biomechanical risk factors of knee-related injuries in female athletes.

Purpose:

To evaluate the ability of a directional compression garment to alter hip and knee kinematics and kinetics during a drop vertical jump (DVJ) in healthy college-aged female athletes.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

A sample of 23 healthy female collegiate athletes (mean age, 19.6 ± 1.3 years) participating in jumping sports (volleyball, basketball, and soccer) was included in this analysis. Each athlete performed 2 sets of 3 DVJs with and without a directional compression garment. Three-dimensional hip and knee kinematics and kinetics were collected using a standard Helen-Hayes 29-marker set, which was removed and reapplied after the garment was fitted, as well as 8 visible-red cameras and 2 force platforms. Each participant was tested in a single session.

Results:

Hip abduction range of motion was significantly reduced from 12.6° ± 5.5° to 10.2° ± 4.6° ( P = .002) while performing DVJs without and with the compression garment, respectively. No statistically significant differences between conditions were found in peak hip abduction, knee valgus range of motion, peak valgus, peak hip abduction moment, and peak knee valgus moment.

Conclusion:

The results of this study show that wearing compression garments does have minimal effects on lower body mechanics during landing from a DVJ, partially supporting the idea that compression garments could acutely alter movement patterns associated with the knee injury risk. However, further research should focus on muscle activation patterns and adaptations over time.

Clinical Relevance:

The use of specifically designed compression garments could aid in the prevention of knee injuries by inducing changes in jumping mechanics.
Method of levels therapy for first-episode psychosis: rationale, design and baseline data for the feasibility randomised controlled Next Level study
Authors: Griffiths Robert , Mansell Warren , Carey Timothy A. , Edge Dawn , Emsley Richard , Tai Sara J.
Published: August 2018

Background

Method of levels (MOL) is an innovative transdiagnostic cognitive therapy with potential advantages over existing psychological treatments for psychosis.

Aims

The Next Level study is a feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) of MOL for people experiencing first-episode psychosis. It aims to determine the suitability of MOL for further testing in a definitive trial (trial registration ISRCTN13359355).

Method

The study uses a parallel group non-masked feasibilityRCT design with two conditions: (a) treatment as usual (TAU) and (b) TAU plus MOL. Participants (n = 36) were recruited from early intervention in psychosis services. Outcome measures are completed at baseline, 10 and 14 months. The primary outcomes are recruitment and retention.

Results

Participants’ demographic and clinical characteristics are presented along with baseline data.

Conclusions

Next Level has recruited to target, providing evidence that it is feasible to recruit to a RCT of MOL for first-episode psychosis.

Declaration of interest

None.
РИСК КАК СТРУКТУРНЫЙ ЭЛЕМЕНТ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ЦИВИЛИЗАЦИИ В КОНЦЕПЦИИ «ОБЩЕСТВА РИСКА» УЛЬРИХА БЕКА
Authors: Nemerov Evgeniy Nicolaevich
Published: August 2018

Цель. Статья посвящена актуальной проблеме бытия современного общества, специфической особенностью которого постоянное взаимодействие с рисками. В качестве предмета анализа выступает концепция «общества риска», сформулированная Ульрихом Беком для обозначения специфического способа обращения с неопределённостью. Целью, которую ставит перед собой автор, является анализ содержания ключевых характеристик общества риска в условиях современной социальной действительности.Метод или методология проведения работы. Основу исследования образуют герменевтический и феноменологический методы.Результаты. Результаты работы заключаются в том, что автор эксплицирует понятие «общество риска», введённое У. Беком для характеристики современной цивилизации. Постоянная модернизация формирует необходимость рискованного поведения. Риски становятся неотъемлемой частью социальной реальности, так как они являются результатом нормального развития общества, а не каких-либо катаклизмов и «патологий». Поэтому главной специфической особенностью бытия современной цивилизации является её рискогенный характер, так как она сама постоянно порождает риски.Область применения результатов. Результаты работы могут быть применены в сферах связанных с управлением и прогнозированием рисков в обществе (риск-менеджмент).
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ СТАБИЛОМЕТРИИ ПРИ ПРИМЕНЕНИИ ВОЙТА-ТЕРАПИИ У ДЕТЕЙ С ДЦП
Authors: Tuchkov Vladimir Evgenievich , Kiselev Dmitry Anatolyevich
Published: August 2018

Целью исследования явилось научное обоснование эффективности применения восстановительных мероприятий с применением метода Войта-терапии для коррекции двигательных нарушений при ДЦП.Материалы и методы. В исследовании принимали участие 64 ребенка обоего пола в возрастном интервале от 1 до 3 лет с диагнозом: ДЦП, гемипаретическая форма поражения, которые проходили восстановительное лечение на кафедре реабилитации и спортивной медицины РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова. Пациенты были распределены на две группы по 32 человека. В экспериментальной группе для восстановительного лечения детей комплексно применялись методы кинезиотейпирования и Войта-терапии.Результаты исследования. В представленной работе рассматриваются результаты исследования эффективности применения комплексной методики реабилитации на основе улучшения показателей координаторных способностей детей с гемипаретической формой ДЦПВыводы. Полученные данные в целом демонстрируют положительную динамику применения комплексной методики реабилитации у детей с гепипаретической формой ДЦП на основе сочетания методов Войта-терапии и кинезиотейпирования.
Fundamentals of Corporate Finance
Authors: Рыманов Александр , Rymanov Aleksandr
Published: August 2018

The textbook presents a basic presentation of the course "Corporate Finance": the principles of corporate governance, the concept of capital budgeting, outlines methods for estimating costs to attract capital and leverage, analyzed the allegations on the structure of capital, the methods of management of circulating capital. It meets the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education of the latest generation. The logic of the manual is constructed in accordance with the structure of the section "Corporate Finance" of the international qualification program CFA. At the same time, the course meets national professional standards. The material is presented in an accessible form, clearly illustrated, a large number of examples are given. For students of higher educational institutions studying in the areas of "Management", "Economics", "Finance and Credit", for professionals in the field of finance.
Marcuse e a nova esquerda em três atos: lições de ontem e hoje | Marcuse and the New Left in three acts: lessons from yesterday and today
Authors: Santana Marco Aurélio , Peres Igor
Published: August 2018

O artigo analisa as formulações de Herbert Marcuse acerca das mobilizações e dos movimentos sociais nos anos 1960. Após uma breve apresentação de sua biografia político-intelectual, que cruza aspectos institucionais e militantes naqueles anos, nos concentramos em três possíveis entradas à sua obra, enfatizando elementos contidos em três de seus escritos mais relevantes no período: O homem unidimensional, Um ensaio sobre a libertação e Contra-revolução e revolta. Do primeiro escrito, destacaremos o diagnóstico pessimista de Marcuse sobre a supremacia da “racionalidade tecnológica” como “ideologia” hegemônica do capitalismo avançado; do segundo, as novas forças subjetivas de “oposição” surgidas a partir da mudança nos ritmos e formas das mobilizações sociais internacionais nos anos 1960 e, por fim, no terceiro, uma análise das forças de reação que se impuseram a estes movimentos.Palavras-Chave: Marcuse; capitalismo avançado; nova esquerda; juventude. Abstract – The article analyzes Herbert Marcuse's formulations on mobilizations and social movements in the 1960s. After a brief presentation of his political-intellectual biography, relating it to institutional and militant aspects in those years, we focus on three possible entries to his work, emphasizing elements contained in three of his most relevant writings in the period: The One-Dimensional Man, An Essay on Liberation, and Counter-Revolution and Rebellion. From the first writing, we will highlight Marcuse's pessimistic diagnosis of the supremacy of “technological rationality” as the hegemonic “ideology” of advanced capitalism; of the second, the new subjective forces of “opposition” arising from the change in the rhythms and forms of international social mobilizations in the 1960s; and finally, in the third, an analysis of the forces of reaction that have been imposed on these movements.Keywords: Herbert Marcuse; advanced capitalism; new left; youth.
Impactos socioeconômicos do reassentamento de famílias pelo Promaben em Belém (PA) | Socioeconomic impact of families’ resettlement by Promaben in Belém, Pará
Authors: Oliveira Aricarla Batista de , Santana Joana Valente
Published: August 2018

Este estudo analisa os impactos socioeconômicos na vida das famílias reassentadas no Residencial Antônio Vinagre pelo Programa de Saneamento da Bacia da Estrada Nova (Promaben), na cidade de Belém (PA). Com base no método dialético, a pesquisa contou com levantamento bibliográfico e documental, além de pesquisa de campo, a qual investigou 52 moradores reassentados para o referido residencial, correspondendo a 49,52% do total de famílias reassentadas. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam para a desarticulação nas estratégias de sobrevivência dos moradores, expressas nas variáveis:aumento de taxas de energia e água, aumento do custo de vidae perda das atividades de trabalho. Oreassentamento não alterou a condição de subalternidade do morador trabalhador, pois apenas a alteração do lugar de moradia dos trabalhadores não modifica sua condição de sobrevivência enquanto classe trabalhadora. Palavras-Chave: reassentamento de famílias; impactos socioeconômicos; desarticulação das estratégias de sobrevivência; Promaben.  Abstract– This study analyzes the socioeconomic impacts on the lives of families resettled at the Residencial Antônio Vinagre by the Estrada Nova River Basin Sanitation Program (Promaben), in the city of Belém, Pará. Based on the dialectical method, the research had a bibliographical and documentary survey, as well as field research, which investigated 52 residents resettled to the referred residential area, corresponding to 49.52% of the total resettled families. The results of the research point to the disarticulation in the survival strategies of the residents, expressed in the following variables: increase of power and water rates, increase in the cost of living, and loss of work activities. Resettlement did not change the status of subalternity of the working dweller, since only the change in the place of residence of workers does not modify their condition of survival as a working class. Keywords: resettlement of families; socioeconomic impacts; disruption of survival strategies; Promaben.
The ranking of insurance companies from Romania based on multicriterial analysis
Authors: Bilevsky Gabriela
Published: August 2018

The article is based on a wider study conducted by the author, on a sample of 10 of the most long-lived insurance companies, with different levels of gross premiums charged, activating on the Romanian insurance market. Starting with a multicriterial analysis, which showcases these companies’ bankruptcy risk in 2016, the author used the ranking method and the relative distance method. These methods allow the investigation and integration of several economic agents’ interests, considering qualitative and quantitative information for each company as criteria. The analysis provides a ranking of the companies according to several criteria taken simultaneously, which leads to an improvement in the quality of decision-making.
New Horizons of Islamic Studies Through Socio-Cultural Hermeneutics
Authors: Abdullah Amin
Published: August 2018

Pemikiran dan sejarah Islam adalah dua dimensi pokok Islam teologis yang telah mendorong munculnya berbagai kekuatan, sikap keagamaan dan ideologis. Akhirnya, Islam mengandung beberapa makna: Islam sebagai teks (naskah) dan teologi/kalam; Islam sebagai pemikiran kemanusiaan, Islam sebagai sejarah, dan Islam sebagai suatu "lembaga". Dengan berbagai pengertian Islam di dalam benak para pengamat sosial keagamaan tersebut, lalu orang sah menyebut atau mengangkat isu bahwa Islam memang "problematik". Dari sinilah bermula muncul pentingnya metode dan pendekatan dalam studi atau kajian keislaman. Metode ini berbeda dengan yang sudah dikembangkan tahun 70-an, karena metode ini lebih menekankan corak pendekatan (approach) berikut kerangka teori yang digunakan. UIN/IAIN/STAIN (Universitas Islam Negeri/Institut Agama Islam Negeri/Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Negeri) adalah lembaga akademik yang paling bertanggungjawab di tanah air untuk menjelaskan kepada masyarakat luas dengan menggunakan metode dan pendekatan rnutakhir yang dapat dipertanggungjawabkan. Mengingat perkembangan Islam di tanah air dalam hubungannya dengan dunia internasional serta pertemuan dan pertautan keilmuan Islamic Studies dengan ilmu-ilmu lain yang tergambar dalam peta horizon keilmuan Islamic Studies kontemporer, maka fungsi pendidikan pada level Strata satu dan lebih-lebih Pascasarjana Studi Keislaman adalah sangat penting dan strategis.
Hisab Hakiki Model Muhammad Wardan: Sebuah Penelusuran Awal
Authors: Azhari Susiknan
Published: August 2018

This article tries to study about calculation (ḥisāb) model developed by Muhammad Wardan to formulate a National Hijriyah Calendar. Muhammad Wardan is one of the designer of the concept of wujūdul hilāl. This concept was built by combining normative and empirical level (middle way) between the system of hisab ijtima' qabla al-ghurūb and imkān al-ru'yah. This combination was also named as middle way between pure hisab and pure rukyat. Due to this type of concept, be renewal thought of Mubammad Wardan to decide the beginning of Qamariyah month was quite original at that time. Therefore, Wardan's theory of wujudūl hilāl is still used until nowadays especially by Muhammadiyah people. However, it is significant to note that the thought of Wardan does not perfectly answer  the problem of National Hijriyah Calendar, I.e., to decide the Westest and Eastest  points of a region or country to start or end the month of Ramadlan.
l'āda Ṣiyāghah Manhaj al-Dirāsah Lishuʻbati al-Lughati al 'Arabiyyati wa Ādābihā bi al-Jāmi'āt: Muqtariḥun li-Manḥaj al-Dirāsati al- Qāimi' ‘alā al'Kafā'-āti Ṭabqan li-Mutaṭallibāt al ‘Aṣr
Authors: Afandī Aḥmad Fuad
Published: August 2018

The Globalization and Industrialization era demand a high quality graduate in relevant competen with people's demand, including working world. In order to answer the challenge, a curriculum formulation for Arabic language and literature in University is necessary which is oriented to increasing a quality of graduate and based on the result of people's demand analysis, beside main topics of Arabic study analysis. This curriculum should be flexible which is possible to elaborate some competence options based on people demand and interest / talent of student. It is consists of (1) Scientific Materials (linguistic, literature and culture of Arab), (2) Language skills (listening, speaking, readings, writing), (3) Main expertise / profession ( 4) Support expertise / profession and (5) Religion and social.