bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Papel militar que se juega en un escenario posconflicto
Authors: Palomino Otero Juan Felipe , Martínez Toro Sergio Antonio , Burgos García Jorge Alberto , Calderón Hernandez Astrid
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo tiene como finalidad realizar un análisis al papel que juega el Militar dentro del marco del posconflicto colombiano, para ello, se realizará una revisión literaria acerca de los aspectos más relevantes del conflicto y posconflicto armado en Colombia, seguidamente se establecerán algunas consecuencias que ha generado el posconflicto en Colombia para las fuerzas militares y finalmente se discutirá a partir de estos hallazgos como se ve involucrado el militar en esta etapa del proceso.
Se pretende realizar un breve análisis al escenario del Militar dentro del marco del posconflicto colombiano abordando su papel social en la construcción de una paz total, estable y duradera desde la parte regional del territorio colombiano haciendo alusión a las transformaciones que se están llevando a cabo dentro de las Fuerzas Militares.
El objetivo principal del artículo es determinar el rol social y participativo del Militar dentro del marco del posconflicto, utilizando una metodología basada en el método analítico e inductivo, pues como punto de partida se pretende realizar un recorrido literario que comprenderá aspectos normativos, directrices y lineamientos del Ministerio de Defensa en relación al posconflicto colombiano y al militar.
Beyond Disruption-innovate and Achieve Growth Without Displacing Industries, Companies or Jobs
Authors: Takalkar Pooja Ravindra
Published: October 2024

No Abstract.
CHALLENGES TO PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERNAL MIGRATION IN UKRAINE
Authors: Kolesnyk Tetiana , Bahneta Volodymyr
Published: October 2024

The article addresses the challenges faced by public administration in managing internal migration in Ukraine, driven by large-scale population movements due to the Russian-Ukrainian war, and the necessity of maintaining the stability of state institutions amidst social, economic, and demographic shifts. The purpose of the article is to identify the primary challenges confronting public administration in the context of internal migration and propose strategies to address them. To achieve this, the study employs an integrated approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative research methods. The article identifies the causes of internal migration and the key factors contributing to internal displacement: armed conflict, economic hardships, and social and environmental issues. It analyzes the main challenges to public administration in this context, including organizational difficulties, coordination problems between different levels of government, a lack of resources for effectively managing migration processes, and socio-economic challenges. It is demonstrated that there is insufficient infrastructure to provide housing, employment, and social services for internally displaced persons (IDPs), along with inadequate funding for support programs, and difficulties in integrating IDPs into new communities and fostering interaction with the local population. The article reviews state policy on internal migration, evaluates existing programs and strategies, assesses the effectiveness of current state initiatives, and highlights the barriers to implementing effective IDP policies, such as underfunding and lack of coordination. The author proposes solutions to enhance coordination and management, develop a unified migration management system, engage local communities in addressing IDP issues, increase funding and resources, expand state support programs, attract international assistance to tackle internal migration challenges, and implement legal reforms. Recommendations for improving migration management are also provided to overcome these challenges.
O Projeto de Desfavelização de Duque de Caxias: Um Olhar a Partir da Geografia Urbana
Authors: Ribeiro Cotta Monique Gabriella
Published: October 2024

A seguir será apresentado o cenário atual da favela Vila Ideal, localizada em Duque de Caxias – RJ. De início, apresenta-se fatos do projeto de desfavelização na qual ocorre e pode ocorrer neste local e em seguida, veremos o surgimento das favelas no Rio de Janeiro, entre este tema haverá também o surgimento da Vila Ideal. Por fim, destacamos com mais ênfase o que se espera desse projeto, o relacionamento do morador local com a favela, o processo de desfavelização na vida da população presente e a alienação do trabalhador na qual está realizando as obras no local, que em maior parte, é o próprio morador que está colaborando nas obras e não reconhece a si mesmo neste trabalho, neste caso, os contratados para realizar as obras em geral no local, são os próprios moradores que ali residem/residiram, assim foi dito pelo os próprios entrevistados desta área.
Racializando o olhar sob um desastre capixaba em 1985
Authors: De Souza Matheus
Published: October 2024

Os desastres socioambientais são resultado da ocupação desordenada do território brasileiro, que por sua vez, é condição e produto da vulnerabilização de uma população que se aglomera em regiões reconhecidas como áreas de risco, contaminadas ou sujeitas a enchentes e deslizamentos. Nesse sentido, o enfrentamento às mudanças climáticas e às desigualdades raciais é algo que deve ser pensado de modo integrado, a fim de contemplar as dimensões das ameaças (fenômenos socioambientais) e vulnerabilidades (fenômenos sócio-históricos). Partindo da análise da trajetória da população negra no Brasil desde o período colonial, este trabalho tem como objetivo recontar a história de um desastre ocorrido em 1985 no Morro do Macaco, no Bairro Tabuazeiro, na cidade de Vitória, Espírito Santo. Como método, foi utilizado um levantamento bibliográfico e notícias em jornais impressos que noticiaram o desastre da década de 80, a fim de produzir um relato historiográfico sobre a produção de memória deste bairro. Neste contexto de ocupações irregulares que culminou no desastre ambiental devido às fortes chuvas daquele período, os resultados indicam que o processo de ocupação do Morro do Macaco foi negligenciado durante toda sua formação e evidenciado após o evento desastroso, tal como o suporte para a população desabrigada. Indicam também que, ao analisar os noticiários que relatam o desastre, há intenções de promover imaginários sobre a população através do título das matérias. O objetivo principal deste artigo é racializar o olhar sociológico sob este deslizamento e possibilitar a reflexão de outras memórias que humanizem este segmento populacional contido na região do bairro Tabuazeiro.
A educação ambiental crítica no ensino médio: analisando a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) de 2018 e os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais do Ensino Médio (PCNEM)
Authors: Ferreira Oliveira Keterym Kelley , Henrique Moraes dos Santos Pedro , De Souza Novais Leonardo
Published: October 2024

Este trabalho tem como objetivo geral analisar criticamente a proposta da Educação Ambiental, pautada nos PCN e atualmente na BNCC no segmento do ensino médio, a partir da área de ciências humanas e sociais aplicadas, considerando os aspectos relacionados à ciência geográfica. Sendo os objetivos específicos analisar os PCN e a BNCC do ensino médio, considerando os conteúdos programáticos na área de ciências humanas e sociais aplicadas dentro da disciplina de geografia. Destacar a importância da educação ambiental na construção do pensamento crítico do aluno, identificando fatores que interferem nessa questão como: questões sociais, políticas e econômicas. E propor ações didáticas que potencializam a reflexão e a prática da comunidade escolar sobre a importância da educação ambiental.
Editorial
Authors: Cozer Chiabai Silva Akylla , Félix de Carvalho Silva Ana Paula
Published: October 2024

Editorial da revista Território e Cidadania, número 3, volume 1.
Communication Ethics In Surah Al-Luqman Verse 13 SolutionTo Generation Gap In The Family
Authors: Roni Apriadi
Published: October 2024

The role of parents in a family is very important, especially for the future of their children. Because after all, parents are the first madrasa that will shape the personality of their children, then how to build harmonious family relationships in the midst of the rampant term Generation Gap. The method in this study uses the library method (Librery Reasearch), which is a data collection technique by conducting a study of books, journals, and other literature that has a relationship with related issues. The results of this study reveal that the communication ethics contained in surah al-lukman verse 13 include patience, courtesy and using good words etc., so as to be able to make harmonious relationships in a family and to prevent the occurrence of Generation Gap.
The Relevance Of Da'wah Psychology In Q.S. Thaha: 43-44 In The Modern Era
Authors: Abdul Khair  , Ramadhanita Mustika Sari
Published: October 2024

The psychology of da'wah as one part of Islamic psychology plays an important role in providing the effectiveness of da'I in spreading Islam. Allah has sent messengers to preach and provide methods that should be emulated by their successors, namely da'i. one of them Q.S. Thaha: 43-44 which tells the story of prophets Musa and Harun who were sent to warn Fir'aun who had exceeded the limit. This article describes the relevance of the psychology of da'wah contained in the verse. This research uses a qualitative method by examining literature reviews and tafsir books that discuss the verse. This research produces a conclusion that the qaulan layyina da'wah method that contains psychological elements is still very relevant in this modern era. This method will also remain relevant over time, because realistically all humans accept peace and reject violence.
Construction Of Sexuality And Sexual Violence Among Alumni Of Islamic State University Of Banjarmasin, Indonesia
Authors: Kana Karina
Published: October 2024

In acts of sexual violence, the wearing of the headscarf is often exploited, so it is important to do research. This study uses qualitative which is a library research. Primary data is obtained from interviews, while secondary data is obtained from journals, books, articles, and online sites. The results of the study show that the forms of construction of jilbab sexuality and sexual violence involve several aspects, such as the jilbab which is interpreted as a symbol of submission, social identity, and expression space that is often exploited. This dynamic then triggers the occurrence of sexual violence, which is influenced by patriarchal culture, the authority of the female body, and power inequality. The results of the study also show the implications of this construction of sexuality on the repression of women's bodies, the occurrence of discrimination, and the normalization of violent behavior.
ZONAS DE PROCESSAMENTO DE EXPORTAÇÃO
Authors: Maia Marcelo Verdini , Moreira Daniele Maghelly Menezes
Published: October 2024

Este artigo aborda a criação das Zonas de Processamento de Exportação (ZPEs) no Brasil como política pública destinada a impulsionar o desenvolvimento industrial e econômico por meio da facilitação de exportações, com a concessão de benefícios tributários, alfandegários e administrativos. Embora concebidas há algum tempo, sua implementação ainda é considerada inovadora e desafiadora, dada a ausência de multiplicidade de empreendimentos em operação nessa seara. Compete aos Tribunais de Contas (TCs) atentarem para as peculiaridades desse projeto, já que a interface com exigências emanadas de órgãos federais e as incertezas quanto às atividades econômicas que serão atraídas para o local devem ser sopesadas nas exigências quanto à modelagem do projeto. As Cortes de Contas devem atuar de forma colaborativa, a fim de contribuir para o sucesso e o aperfeiçoamento das Zonas, que beneficiam os entes federativos, as sociedades instaladas e a população local. A avaliação desses projetos deve ser guiada pela busca de soluções construtivas e pela promoção do diálogo entre todas as partes envolvidas.
TRANSFORMAÇÃO DIGITAL NO CONTROLE EXTERNO
Authors: Nazareth Paula Alexandra Canas de Paiva
Published: October 2024

O artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a importância da capacitação para a transformação digital, em especial em instituições públicas brasileiras de controle externo. Buscou-se investigar se as ações voltadas para o desenvolvimento de capacidades e habilidades digitais e comportamentais colaboram para estimular as pessoas a aderirem a uma estratégia institucional, ao mesmo tempo em que possibilitam a abertura para novas práticas. Em específico, se ao comunicar os objetivos institucionais às pessoas, o mindset e a cultura organizacional são modificados abrindo caminho para a transformação digital. Espera-se que tais movimentos tenham impactos positivos em processos de trabalho, modelos de negócio e nos resultados que essas instituições devem proporcionar à sociedade na era digital. Analisa-se o duplo desafio das instituições pesquisadas: promover a própria transformação digital e fiscalizar o cumprimento da lei (ou dos planos) pelos demais órgãos sob sua jurisdição. A pesquisa realizada sugere que desenvolver capacidades para a TD é essencial, devendo a capacitação estar alinhada à estratégia digital para promover a mudança da cultura e a inovação.
MEDIDAS COMPORTAMENTAIS PARA GOVERNANÇA EM PESSOAS
Authors: Fioravanti Ana Carolina Monnerat , Moura Ana Flávia Azevedo , Sandall Hugo , Pires Pedro Paulo , Silva Sabrina Caetano da
Published: October 2024

As instituições, inclusive as públicas, têm passado por momentos de mudança, criando a necessidade de serem mais diretivas nas suas ações em gestão de pessoas. Assim, é fundamental estabelecer maneiras de avaliar quais ações serão mais efetivas, principalmente em momentos de contenção de recursos. Dessa forma, a pesquisa realizada gira em torno do uso da análise de redes, a fim de observar o relacionamento das variáveis denominadas: estilo, comprometimento organizacional, gestão do desempenho, percepção de si mesmo e autoeficácia e futuro planejado. Pretende-se ajudar a organização a tomar decisões gerenciais com foco nos itens que têm maior centralidade e força, gerando assim uma espiral positiva e maior propagação na rede como um todo e identificando como se comporta a rede cognitivo-comportamental do TCERJ. A metodologia empregada foi a pesquisa quantitativa, transversal com instrumentos de caráter psicométrico e de questionário. Ela pode ser definida ainda enquanto não experimental e correlacional. Como resultado, foi observado que a rede do TCE-RJ está dividida em dois hemisférios, agrupando de um lado a gestão de desempenho e de outro as demais variáveis, tendo como mediador a competência social.
PROVISÕES MATEMÁTICAS DOS REGIMES PRÓPRIOS DE PREVIDÊNCIA DOS MUNICÍPIOS DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Gouveia André Luiz Lemos Andrade , Melo Douglas Apolônio Marques de , Alves Fábio Porcher , Oliveira Filipi Assunção , Rodrigues Hanielle Guedes , Sousa Lorena Oliveira de , Ferreira e Silva Maria Júlia
Published: October 2024

A presente pesquisa teve como principal objetivo fornecer um panorama geral das informações contábeis sobre provisões matemáticas previdenciárias que são disponibilizadas ao Tribunal de Contas do Estado de Minas Gerais (TCEMG) pelos municípios que possuem RPPS. Para tanto, foi utilizada uma pesquisa descritiva com abordagem quantitativa, a partir dos dados disponíveis na plataforma SICOM para o exercício findo em 31 de dezembro de 2020. Os resultados observados apontaram para a existência de deficiências na gestão contábil dos saldos previdenciários, as quais comprometem, em última instância, a transparência da real situação dos planos de benefícios mantidos pelos municípios mineiros. Essas deficiências referem-se basicamente a: (i) ausência de tempestividade no registro contábil das provisões matemáticas (passivos atuariais); (ii) utilização de técnicas de mensuração do passivo atuarial em discordância com normas contábeis; (iii) registro contábil de provisões em discordância com as informações apresentadas no RAA; (iv) registro contábil de planos de amortização sem o devido fundamento legal; (v) subavaliação da provisão matemática nas demonstrações contábeis consolidadas dos municípios; e (vi) insuficiência e irregularidade de notas explicativas.
Albums de famille : quand la photolittérature pour enfants écrit le roman familial
Authors: Le Guen Laurence
Published: October 2024

Nombreux sont les ouvrages de littérature jeunesse permettant d’appréhender les notions de famille, de transmission des savoir-faire et des traditions. Ce faisant, un certain nombre s’appuient sur les écrits du for privé et sur les objets vecteurs de mémoire que sont les albums et les photographies de famille. L’article s’attache à deux ouvrages particuliers, Incroyable mais vrai d’Éva Janikovszky et László Réber paru en 1966 aux éditions Móra Könyvkiadó, réédité par La Joie de lire en 2011, et L’album de famille de Frédéric Kessler et Princesse Camcam, paru aux éditions Autrement en 2012. Il examine l’usage particulier que ces livres font des collections de photographies familiales, et analyse comment le dispositif photolittéraire est mis au service de l’écriture du récit familial et du tissage des liens intergénérationnels.
Pseudophotographs in Children’s Literature: A New Object for Photoliterature Studies
Authors: Shamshul Ariffin Alya Farzana , Beauvais Clémentine
Published: October 2024

This article proposes to theorize the study of pseudophotographs as a subtype of photoliterature studies. Pseudophotographs are any illustrations understood within the context of a picturebook or graphic novel to be representations of photographs. This article attempts to define this undertheorized graphic object, to discuss its various functions, and to analyse what pseudophotographs can tell us about how real photographs and photography are considered in children’s literature. Because pseudophotographs appropriate some of the conventions of photography and yet are unlike real photographs in many ways, they are, we argue, a significant place for implicit discourse about the art and practice of photography and about affective encounters with photographs.
The nanocrystalline cellulose from Ananas comosus leaf wastes: An overview to extraction, purification, and applications as curcumin drug delivery system
Authors: Sumaiyah Sumaiyah , Zaitun Poppy Anjelisa Hasibuan , Syahputra Hafid , Lubis Muhammad Fauzan
Published: October 2024

Currently, antibacterial materials are attracting considerable attention across various fields. In this study, curcumin (Cur) was prepared with nanocrystal cellulose (NCC) into the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix to improve the functional properties of a pure Cur-NCC-PVA film. The NCC was obtained from Ananas comosus leaves and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and particle size analysis. The variations of Cur concentrations (50, 75, and 100 μg) were added to prepare Cur-NCC-PVA films. The release kinetics of Cur from the films was determined using a spectrophotometer and the release kinetic model was obtained using Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model. The antibacterial activity of Cur-NCC-PVA films was established using the diffusion method. The results of NCC characteristics showed satisfactory significance. The FTIR showed a functional group of chemical composition that confirmed the removal of non-cellulosic constituents. XRD confirmed the crystallinity index of NCC of 75.89%. Meanwhile, the particle size of NCC of 268.45 nm. The development of Cur-NCC-PVA films showed a uniform yellow color. The release of curcumin in all films was increased depending on the time following the zero-order kinetic reaction. The non-Fickian kinetics demonstrated the mechanism of Cur release from the film. The Cur-NCC-PVA films in Cur concentration of 100 μg were confirmed to have the highest antibacterial activity and significantly different between 50 and 75 μg Cur-NCC-PVA films against Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus spp., and Escherichia coli. The Cur-NCC-PVA films described the potential activity for topical formulation in skin disease treatment.
Cinnamate-amine hybrids: Antituberculosis activity and molecular docking
Authors: Aijijiyah Nur Pasca , Rahayu Reni , Srilistiani Alfatchu , Mahzumi Farah , Aulia Tinezsia , Santoso Liangga , Atmaja Lukman , Santoso Eko , Fadlan Arif , Santoso Mardi
Published: October 2024

Antituberculosis activity and molecular docking experiments were performed on 14 cinnamate-amine hybrids. Cinnamamides 1a,b,c,d,i,j effectively inhibited the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, with cinnamamide 1c having the highest inhibition effects with a minimum inhibitory concentration value of 3.13 μg/ml. Based on the docking results, the molecule of cinnamamide 1c (binding energy of −4.13 kcal/mol) was found to be stretched from the edge of the active site to its sub-binding pocket, referred to as an extended conformation when binding to the InhA active site. Cinnamamide 1c turned out to be an inhibitor whose potency is unaffected by the conserved interaction network with the catalytic residue Tyr158. These findings suggest these cinnamate-amine hybrids as potential lead compounds in developing new antituberculosis drugs.
Interlayer angle dependence of photoelectric properties of Sb/SnC van der Waals heterojunction and its application
Authors: Wang Fan-Fan , Chen Dong , Yuan Jun , Zhang Zhu-Feng , Jiang Tao , Zhou Jun ,   School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
Published: October 2024

The discovery of novel properties in twisted bilayer graphene has opened up new avenues of research in physics and materials science, making the twistronics a new research hotspot. In this paper, based on two-dimensional tin-based materials and antimonene monolayers, six types of Sb/SnC two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures (vdWH) with different interlayer twist angles are constructed, and their optoelectronic properties and applications are studied by first-principles calculations. All modeling and calculations are performed using the density functional theory (DFT) software Quantum-ATK. The results show that the Sb/SnC vdWHs with six different interlayer twist angles have various band gaps, and when the interlayer twist angles are 10.89°, 19.11°, 23.41°, and 30°, the Sb/SnC vdWH exhibit a type-I band edge alignment, while at 8.95° and 13.59°, they present a type-II band structure. The results of the orbital-projected band structures of the Sb/SnC vdWHs reveal that the variation in interlayer twist angles changes the atomic stacking in the heterostructures, thereby modifying orbital coupling and further tuning the electronic structure of the heterostructures. Additionally, the calculated absorption spectra indicate that comparing individual Sb and SnC monolayers with Sb/SnC vdWHs, the latter’s absorption coefficient r is significantly enhanced in the visible light region, and the optical absorption characteristics of the heterostructures with different interlayer twist angles vary markedly. In terms of applications, as materials for solar cells, the Sb/SnC vdWHs with interlayer twist angles of 8.95° and 13.59° exhibit photovoltaic conversion efficiencies of 17.48% and 18.59%, respectively; as photocatalysts for the complete water splitting, the Sb/SnC vdWH with an interlayer twist angle of 8.95° can catalytically decompose water across a pH range of 0–2, while a twist angle of 13.59° confines its catalytic activity to a pH value between 0 and 1. Therefore, Sb/SnC van der Waals heterostructures have special rotation angles and have multifunctional application prospects in the fields of solar energy and photocatalysis. More importantly, our research demonstrates that in addition to traditional methods such as strain, doping, and defects, adjusting the interlayer twist angle provides a new degree of freedom for manipulating the optoelectronic properties of materials.
Social and environmental predictors of gut microbiome age in wild baboons
Authors: Dasari Mauna R , Roche Kimberly E , Jansen David , Anderson Jordan , Alberts Susan C , Tung Jenny , Gilbert Jack A , Blekhman Ran , Mukherjee Sayan , Archie Elizabeth A
Published: October 2024

Understanding why some individuals age faster than others is essential to evolutionary biology and geroscience, but measuring variation in biological age is difficult. One solution may lie in measuring gut microbiome composition because microbiota change with many age-related factors (e.g., immunity and behavior). Here we create a microbiome-based age predictor using 13,563 gut microbial profiles from 479 wild baboons collected over 14 years. The resulting “microbiome clock” predicts host chronological age. Deviations from the clock’s predictions are linked to demographic and socio-environmental factors that predict baboon health and survival: animals who appear old-for-age tend to be male, sampled in the dry season (for females), and high social status (both sexes). However, an individual’s “microbiome age” does not predict the attainment of developmental milestones or lifespan. Hence, the microbiome clock accurately reflects age and some social and environmental conditions, but not the pace of development or mortality risk.
Cestode larvae excite host neuronal circuits via glutamatergic signaling
Authors: de Lange Anja , Tomes Hayley , Selfe Joshua S , Prodjinotho Ulrich Fabien , Verhoog Matthijs B , Mahanty Siddhartha , Smith Katherine , Horsnell William , Sikasunge Chummy , da Costa Clarissa Prazeres , Raimondo Joseph V
Published: October 2024

Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is caused by infection of the brain by larvae of the parasitic cestode
Taenia solium
. It is the most prevalent parasitic infection of the central nervous system and one of the leading causes of adult-acquired epilepsy worldwide. However, little is known about how cestode larvae affect neurons directly. To address this, we used whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology and calcium imaging in rodent and human brain slices to identify direct effects of cestode larval products on neuronal activity. We found that both whole cyst homogenate and excretory/secretory products of cestode larvae have an acute excitatory effect on neurons, which can trigger seizure-like events
in vitro
. Underlying this effect was cestode
-
induced neuronal depolarization, which was mediated by glutamate receptor activation but not by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, acid-sensing ion channels nor Substance P. Glutamate-sensing fluorescent reporters (iGluSnFR) and amino acid assays revealed that the larval homogenate of the cestodes
Taenia crassiceps
and
Taenia solium
contained high concentrations of the amino acids glutamate and aspartate. Furthermore, we found that larvae of both species consistently produce and release these excitatory amino acids into their immediate environment. Our findings suggest that perturbations in glutamatergic signaling may play a role in seizure generation in NCC.
The T cell receptor β chain repertoire of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes improves neoantigen prediction and prioritization
Authors: Pham Thi Mong Quynh , Nguyen Thanh Nhan , Tran Nguyen Bui Que , Diem Tran Thi Phuong , Diem Pham Nguyen My , Phuc Nguyen Hoang Thien , Cuong Ho Thi Kim , Linh Nguyen Dinh Viet , Nguyen Huu Thinh , Tran Duc Huy , Tran Thanh Sang , Pham Truong Vinh Ngoc , Le Minh Triet , Vy Nguyen Thi Tuong , Phan Minh-Duy , Giang Hoa , Nguyen Hoai-Nghia , Tran Le Son
Published: October 2024

In the realm of cancer immunotherapy, the meticulous selection of neoantigens plays a fundamental role in enhancing personalized treatments. Traditionally, this selection process has heavily relied on predicting the binding of peptides to human leukocyte antigens (pHLA). Nevertheless, this approach often overlooks the dynamic interaction between tumor cells and the immune system. In response to this limitation, we have developed an innovative prediction algorithm rooted in machine learning, integrating T cell receptor β chain (TCRβ) profiling data from colorectal cancer (CRC) patients for a more precise neoantigen prioritization. TCRβ sequencing was conducted to profile the TCR repertoire of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from 28 CRC patients. The data unveiled both intra-tumor and inter-patient heterogeneity in the TCRβ repertoires of CRC patients, likely resulting from the stochastic utilization of V and J segments in response to neoantigens. Our novel combined model integrates pHLA binding information with pHLA-TCR binding to prioritize neoantigens, resulting in heightened specificity and sensitivity compared to models using individual features alone. The efficacy of our proposed model was corroborated through ELISpot assays on long peptides, performed on four CRC patients. These assays demonstrated that neoantigen candidates prioritized by our combined model outperformed predictions made by the established tool NetMHCpan. This comprehensive assessment underscores the significance of integrating pHLA binding with pHLA-TCR binding analysis for more effective immunotherapeutic strategies.
Serum Homocysteine and C-reactive Protein Levels in Diabetic Patients with Nerve Conduction Velocity Proven Neuropathy: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mishra Mahabir Prasad , Gokhale Vijayashree , Malik Satbir Kaur , Yadav Ponvijaya M
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Diabetic Neuropathy (DN) is a well known difficult to treat microvascular complication of diabetes. Based on Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV) studies, DN has been classified into various types. Many possible aetiologies have been proposed. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) plays a role in the development of diabetic microvascular complications, while Homocysteine (Hcys) can harm the endothelium by inducing excessive sulfation of connective tissue. Aim: To study the levels of Hcys and CRP in NCV-proven patients with DN and to associate these levels with the type of DN. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a semi-urban medical college hospital in Western Maharashtra, India, between February 2022 and May 2024. The study included 70 patients over 18 years of age with NCVproven DN in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM), in whom serum Hcys and CRP levels were evaluated. Data collected were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 26.0. Results: A total of 32 female participants (45.7%) and 38 male participants (54.3%). Among the study participants, 23 (32.9%) had a duration of diabetes of 5-10 years, and 47 (67.1%) had a mixed type of neuropathy. Elevated Hcys levels were observed in 18 (25.7%) participants, while 49 (70%) showed elevated CRP levels. CRP levels were raised in the mixed type of neuropathy, with 35 (71.4%) affected, while elevated Hcys levels were observed among the sensory neuropathies in 6 (33.3%) participants. Conclusion: No significant association was found between elevated Hcys and CRP levels and the type of neuropathy
Species of Monogenean Parasites Infesting Cyprinus carpio and Planiliza abu in Lake Balloran Dam-Syria
Authors: Hamadan Nada , Salman Hassan Mohammad , Almajid Zouhair
Published: October 2024

This study was conducted in Lake Balloran Dam and involved 68 fish specimens, including 23 common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and 45 Abu mullet (Liza abu). Sampling was carried out monthly and randomly from July 2020 to August 2021. The research addressed parasitic infections in these two important species of freshwater fish.
This work identifies five parasitic species of monogeneans, three of them were isolated from common carp and identified as species belonging to the genus Dactylogyrus: D. dogieli, D. minutus, and D. extensus. One species was isolated from both the common carp and Abu mullet, and identified as the species Gyrodactylus derjavini, and the other species, G. elegans, was isolated from only the common carp.
Dactylogyrus species were primarily isolated from the gills of the studied fish, whereas Gyrodactylus species were found on the skin and fins.
This study is of fundamental interest for the knowledge of parasitic biodiversity on the Asian continent that are widespread in vast bodies of water, and the species D. dogieli and G. derjavini were recorded for the first time in Syrian freshwater in this study.
Evaluation of Newly Released Open Pollinated Tomato Varieties for Yield and Yield Components Performance in Northwestern Zone of Tigray
Authors: Gebremichael Yohannes , Asgele Kiros , Gebretsadkan Gebremedhin
Published: October 2024

Tomato is one of the most important horticultural cash crops in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. However, tomato production and productivity is limited by several factors such as disease and pests, lack of improved varieties and poor agronomic practice. Therefore, field experiment was conducted in 2017 and 2018 irrigation season to select and identify the best and high yielder tomato varieties. Seven improved Open Pollinated Variety namely; Gelilama, Mersa, Sirinka-I, Woyno, Tekeze-1, Melkashola and Melkasalsa were tested for their yield and yield performance. Significant differences were observed among the varieties across locations. The current findings showed that the highest marketable yield was obtained from Gelilama (55.58 t ha-1) & (49.59 t ha-1) followed by Melkasalsa (49.42 & 45.81 t ha-1) in Tselemti and M/zana woreda’s respectively. Based on the current study Gelilama and Melkasalsa varieties had given higher yield in both locations. Therefore, Gelilama and Melkasalsa varieties should be recommended for demonstration and scale-up in the study areas.
Barriers to the Use of Equipment Design Methods in West Africa
Authors: Hubert Bagnaba , Frédéric Bationo
Published: October 2024

Growth in the agricultural and agri-food processing sectors is crucial to food security and economic development in West African Countries. In Burkina Faso, local equipment manufacturers play a leading role in these fields. Furthermore, equipment design methods and tools have evolved from a linear approach to parallel engineering. Indeed, they integrate major context-specific constraints such as manufacturing, maintenance, and the user's point of view. This work aims to carry out a literature review of equipment design methods and tools applied in West African Countries, and to analyze their adoption by local equipment manufacturers. This enabled us to identify the methods and tools used, and the difficulties encountered by local equipment manufacturers in adopting them. These difficulties include: the lack of training of local equipment manufacturers the unfamiliarity and complexity of the methods and tools, and above all the unsuitability of the methods for the understanding of local equipment manufacturers, since they were initially intended for design teams. As a result, we were able to envisage a design approach close to local equipment manufacturers perception. Field surveys will enable us to refine this study and formalize a new, simplified approach adapted to the perception of local equipment manufacturers.
Geo Spatial Assessment and Micronutrient Mapping of Calcareous Soils in Muzaffarpur District, Bihar, India
Authors: Singh Sanjay Kumar , Tagung Techi , Kumar Ajeet , Singh Pankaj , Singh Harendra , Kashiwar Sumedh R. , Tiwari Sanjay , Singh A.K. , Kumari Shweta , Singh Y. V.
Published: October 2024

The soil fertility maps created using GIS are valuable tools, with the geo-coordinates of soil samples recorded using a Garmin GPS device and then imported into the base map through ArcGIS software. The analyzed soil fertility data covers sampling sites in the Minapur, Kanti, and Marwan blocks of Muzaffarpur district, Bihar. A total of 40 geo-referenced composite soil samples were collected from various locations, with multiple soil fertility parameters assessed using standard prescribed methods. The results indicated that the soil had an alkaline reaction, with a pH value above 7.5. The soil organic content ranged from low to medium. DTPA-extractable available zinc (Zn) levels varied between 0.14 and 0.79 ppm, with an average of 0.42 ppm. Copper (Cu) levels were below the critical limits, while iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) were found in relatively medium concentrations.
Regional Climate Impacts of Stabilizing Global Warming at 1.5 K Using Solar Geoengineering
Authors: Jones Anthony C. , Hawcroft Matthew K. , Haywood James M. , Jones Andy , Guo Xiaoran , Moore John C.
Published: February 2018

The 2015 Paris Agreement aims to limit global warming to well below 2 K above preindustrial levels, and to pursue efforts to limit global warming to 1.5 K, in order to avert dangerous climate change. However, current greenhouse gas emissions targets are more compatible with scenarios exhibiting end‐of‐century global warming of 2.6–3.1 K, in clear contradiction to the 1.5 K target. In this study, we use a global climate model to investigate the climatic impacts of using solar geoengineering by stratospheric aerosol injection to stabilize global‐mean temperature at 1.5 K for the duration of the 21st century against three scenarios spanning the range of plausible greenhouse gas mitigation pathways (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5). In addition to stabilizing global mean temperature and offsetting both Arctic sea‐ice loss and thermosteric sea‐level rise, we find that solar geoengineering could effectively counteract enhancements to the frequency of extreme storms in the North Atlantic and heatwaves in Europe, but would be less effective at counteracting hydrological changes in the Amazon basin and North Atlantic storm track displacement. In summary, solar geoengineering may reduce global mean impacts but is an imperfect solution at the regional level, where the effects of climate change are experienced. Our results should galvanize research into the regionality of climate responses to solar geoengineering.
Greenland‐Wide Seasonal Temperatures During the Last Deglaciation
Authors: Buizert C. , Keisling B. A. , Box J. E. , He F. , Carlson A. E. , Sinclair G. , DeConto R. M.
Published: February 2018

The sensitivity of the Greenland ice sheet to climate forcing is of key importance in assessing its contribution to past and future sea level rise. Surface mass loss occurs during summer, and accounting for temperature seasonality is critical in simulating ice sheet evolution and in interpreting glacial landforms and chronologies. Ice core records constrain the timing and magnitude of climate change but are largely limited to annual mean estimates from the ice sheet interior. Here we merge ice core reconstructions with transient climate model simulations to generate Greenland‐wide and seasonally resolved surface air temperature fields during the last deglaciation. Greenland summer temperatures peak in the early Holocene, consistent with records of ice core melt layers. We perform deglacial Greenland ice sheet model simulations to demonstrate that accounting for realistic temperature seasonality decreases simulated glacial ice volume, expedites the deglacial margin retreat, mutes the impact of abrupt climate warming, and gives rise to a clear Holocene ice volume minimum.
Rossby Wave Propagation into the Northern Hemisphere Stratosphere: The Role of Zonal Phase Speed
Authors: Domeisen Daniela I. V. , Martius Olivia , Jiménez‐Esteve Bernat
Published: February 2018

Sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events are to a dominant part induced by upward propagating planetary waves. While theory predicts that the zonal phase speed of a tropospheric wave forcing affects wave propagation into the stratosphere, its relevance for SSW events has so far not been considered. This study shows in a linear wave diagnostic and in reanalysis data that phase speeds tend eastward as waves propagate upward, indicating that the stratosphere preselects eastward phase speeds for propagation, especially for zonal wave number 2. This also affects SSW events: Split SSW events tend to be preceded by anomalously eastward zonal phase speeds. Zonal phase speed may indeed explain part of the increased wave flux observed during the preconditioning of SSW events, as, for example, for the record 2009 SSW event.
Water Mass Analysis and End‐Member Mixing Contribution Using Coupled Radiogenic Nd Isotopes and Nd Concentrations: Interaction Between Marginal Seas and the Northwestern Pacific
Authors: Che Hong , Zhang Jing
Published: February 2018

We analyzed neodymium (Nd) concentrations and isotopic compositions (εNd) in seawater of the northwestern Pacific marginal seas and adjacent waters. The values of εNd in the surface water increase from the Changjiang River Estuary to the outer shelf. This increase in εNd from −12.8 to −7.7 is mainly influenced by the terrestrial source and water mixing. Changjiang Diluted Water contributes more than 20% of the volumetric flux in most regions' surface waters during our investigation. The contribution of Kuroshio Subsurface Water to the Changjiang River Estuary is more than 80% in the southern study area. Estimated water contributions from the East China Sea to the northwestern Pacific and the Sea of Japan are approximately 6% and 10%, respectively. These results imply that the East China Sea is a significant source of material to the northwestern Pacific.
On Multiple Hall‐Like Electron Currents and Tripolar Guide Magnetic Field Perturbations During Kelvin‐Helmholtz Waves
Authors: Sturner Andrew P. , Eriksson Stefan , Nakamura Takuma , Gershman Daniel J. , Plaschke Ferdinand , Ergun Robert E. , Wilder Frederick D. , Giles Barbara , Pollock Craig , Paterson William R. , Strangeway Robert J. , Baumjohann Wolfgang , Burch James L.
Published: February 2018

Two magnetopause current sheet crossings with tripolar guide magnetic field signatures were observed by multiple Magnetosphere Multiscale (MMS) spacecraft during Kelvin‐Helmholtz wave activity. The two out‐of‐plane magnetic field depressions of the tripolar guide magnetic field are largely supported by the observed in‐plane electron currents, which are reminiscent of two clockwise Hall current loop systems. A comparison with a three‐dimensional kinetic simulation of Kelvin‐Helmholtz waves and vortex‐induced reconnection suggests that MMS likely encountered the two Hall magnetic field depressions on either side of a magnetic reconnection X‐line. Moreover, MMS observed an out‐of‐plane current reversal and a corresponding in‐plane magnetic field rotation at the center of one of the current sheets, suggesting the presence of two adjacent flux ropes. The region inside one of the ion‐scale flux ropes was characterized by an observed decrease of the total magnetic field, a strong axial current, and significant enhancements of electron density and parallel electron temperature. The flux rope boundary was characterized by currents opposite this axial current, strong in‐plane and converging electric fields, parallel electric fields, and weak electron‐frame Joule dissipation. These return current region observations may reflect a need to support the axial current rather than representing local reconnection signatures in the absence of any exhausts.
Experimental Study of the Plasmasphere Boundary Layer Using MAGION 5 Data
Authors: Kotova G. , Verigin M. , Lemaire J. , Pierrard V. , Bezrukikh V. , Smilauer J.
Published: February 2018

The in situ cold plasma measurements onboard MAGION 5 were carried out with very good time resolution, and this permitted to analyze thin plasmasphere boundary layer (PBL) near the plasmapause. In this layer the plasma density N is decreasing exponentially with L: N~exp((LPP − L)/WB), where WB corresponds to the characteristic width of the PBL, the distance in L within which the density varies by a factor of e, and LPP is the position of the plasmapause. The density in the boundary layer is inversely proportional to the volume of the unit magnetic flux tube, whereas its width is proportional to the volume of magnetic flux tube. The characteristic width of the PBL linearly depends on the time elapsed since the most recent maximum value of KP. Empirical relation for the dependence of the PBL width on most recent maximum value of KP and on the lapse time between this maximum and the plasmapause observations is proposed.
Characteristics of Sudden Commencements Observed by Van Allen Probes in the Inner Magnetosphere
Authors: Fathy A. , Kim K.‐H. , Park J.‐S. , Jin H. , Kletzing C. , Wygant J. R. , Ghamry E.
Published: February 2018

We have statistically studied sudden commencement (SC) by using the data acquired from Van Allen Probes (VAP) in the inner magnetosphere (L = 3.0–6.5) and GOES spacecraft at geosynchronous orbit (L =∼ 6.7) from October 2012 to September 2017. During the time period, we identified 85 SCs in the inner magnetosphere and 90 SCs at geosynchronous orbit. Statistical results of the SC events reveal the following characteristics. (1) There is strong seasonal dependence of the geosynchronous SC amplitude in the radial BV component at all local times. However, BV shows weak seasonal variation on the dayside in the inner magnetosphere. (2) The local time dependence of the SC amplitude in the compressional BH component at geosynchronous orbit is similar to that in the inner magnetosphere. (3) In a nightside region of L = 5.0–6.5, ∼19% of BH events are negative, while ∼58% of BH events are negative at geosynchronous orbit. (4) The amplitude of the SC‐associated Ey perturbations varies systematically with local time with a morning‐afternoon asymmetry near noon. These observations can be explained by spatial and/or temporal changes in the magnetopause and cross‐tail currents, which are caused by changes in the solar wind dynamic pressure, with respect to spacecraft positions.
Hindcasting of Equatorial Spread F Using Seasonal Empirical Models
Authors: Aswathy R. P. , Manju G.
Published: February 2018

The role of gravity waves in modulating equatorial spread F (ESF) day‐to‐day variability is investigated using ionosonde data at Trivandrum (geographic coordinates, 8.5°N, 77°E; mean geomagnetic latitude −0.3°N) a magnetic equatorial location. A novel empirical model that incorporates the combined effects of electrodynamics and gravity waves in modulating ESF occurrence during autumnal equinox season was presented by Aswathy and Manju (2017). In the present study, the height variations of the requisite gravity wave seed perturbations for ESF are examined for the vernal equinoxes, summer solstices, and winter solstices of different years. Subsequently, the empirical model, incorporating the electrodynamical effects and the gravity wave modulation, valid for each of the seasons is developed. Accordingly, for each season, the threshold curve may be demarcated provided the solar flux index (F10.7) is known. The empirical models are validated using the data for high, moderate, and low solar activity years corresponding to each season. In the next stage, this model is to be fine tuned to facilitate the prediction of ESF well before its onset.
Coordinates for Representing Radiation Belt Particle Flux
Authors: Roederer Juan G. , Lejosne Solène
Published: February 2018

Fifty years have passed since the parameter “L‐star” was introduced in geomagnetically trapped particle dynamics. It is thus timely to review the use of adiabatic theory in present‐day studies of the radiation belts, with the intention of helping to prevent common misinterpretations and the frequent confusion between concepts like “distance to the equatorial point of a field line,” McIlwain's L‐value, and the trapped particle's adiabatic L* parameter. And too often do we miss in the recent literature a proper discussion of the extent to which some observed time and space signatures of particle flux could simply be due to changes in magnetospheric field, especially insofar as off‐equatorial particles are concerned. We present a brief review on the history of radiation belt parameterization, some “recipes” on how to compute adiabatic parameters, and we illustrate our points with a real event in which magnetospheric disturbance is shown to adiabatically affect the particle fluxes measured onboard the Van Allen Probes.