bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PHILOSOPHICAL LEGACY OF V. G. TABACHKOVSKYI: HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Turenko Vitalii , Semykras Vasyl
Published: June 2021

Purpose of this article is consists in the complex researche of the many-sidedness of the philosophical legacy of the famous Ukrainian philosopher of the second half of the XXth century, one of the founders of philosophical anthropology in Ukraine – Vitalii Tabachkovskyi (1944–2006). The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is historical and philosophical reconstruction. A number of concepts and conclusions were applied, which take place in the context of the scientific works of Ukrianian authors on this issue. The author reveals the transformation of Vitalii Tabachkovsky's scientific research during the Soviet period and revealed the specificity and its significance of legacy in the context of Ukrainian philosophical thought of the second half of the twentieth century. Revealed that at the intersection of the 60s and 70s. The twentieth century in the center of attention of V. Tabachkovsky was the problem of the relationship between personal and impersonal, as a result of which her thorough research was the first that critically interpreted the key philosophical and anthropological problems of French personalizm. It was revealed that, on the basis of the then official philosophy, the practice phenomenon occupied a significant place, which became a key subject of research for Vitalii Tabachkovsky in the 1970s and until the mid-1980s. The peculiarity of his explication was that the practice was not only epistemological content (in the spirit of the ideology of Marxism-Leninism), but also related to the inner world of man. It was found that in the era of Perestroika and with the proclamation of independence of Ukraine, the scientific interests of V. Tabachkovsky focused on understanding the human perception of the world, alienation, as well as essential and existential in human nature. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility and necessity of using its results in the context of complex and systematic studies of the history of Ukrainian philosophy in the Soviet period.
HISTORY OF THE KYIV PHILOSOPHICAL SCHOOL IN THE ORAL RECOLLECTIONS OF ITS CREATORS: STUDIES IN THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY AND CULTURE OF KYIVAN RUS
Authors: Vdovychenko Heorhii
Published: June 2021

The article deals with the academic research of the founders of the Kyiv philosophical school S. Krymskyi and V. Horskyi on the history of philosophical thought and culture of the Kyivan Rus as an important page of revival in the H. S. Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy in the late 1950s – 1980s of interrupted by the Stalinist regime studies on the history of philosophy of Ukraine. These studies, in particular the ones of S. Krymskyi and V. Horskyi in the 1980s – 2000s, were resumed at the beginning of the Khrushchev "thaw" era by the generation of philosophers of the sixties of the Ukrainian SSR and became the object of attention of their authors in independent Ukraine in the pilot innovative projects on the oral history of philosophy. The autobiographical reconstructions of S. Krymskyi and V. Horskyi initiated by T. Chaika in the ptoject "The Philosophers' Oral Histories", as well as more than ten years of interviews of the first of them to the all-ukrainian newspaper "Day", became important alternative sources of post-Soviet – uncensored, historical and philosophical reproduction of the formation of the history of philosophy of Ukraine as an academic discipline in the 20th century.
Both of them interpreted there in an autobiographical way their own more than thirty years of "Kyivan Rus" studies as their two leading initiators in the Kyiv philosophical school. They revealed their original visions of the "philosophical culture" of Kyivan Rus in the light of the high appreciation of its "spiritual luminaries" as embodiments of Christian virtues (V. Horskyi) and "Sophianess" of Ukrainian culture since the times of Kyivan Rus as a subject of "European culture of the Greco-Slavic type" (S. Krymskyi). They jointly emphasized the exceptional role in their scholar and personal development of ethical principles and moral ideals of this stage of ancient Ukrainian culture as an important source and model of socio-cultural progress of Ukraine.
ANTHROPOLOGICAL DIMENSION OF ECONOMIC IN KAROL WOJTYLA'S TEACHINGS
Authors: Dovhan Mariia
Published: June 2021

The research provides a systematic analysis of Karol Wojtyla's views on human development in the context of economic development. Karol Wojtyla focuses on the analysis of the economic sphere of society in view of the observance of human rights and the realization of human freedoms, as well as the possibility of developing one's morality.
It is substantiated that the current state of the economy leads to a single dimension of a human being, the crisis of identity and the degradation of human values. Given the misinterpretation of a human being in modern economic systems, where it is used as a tool, not an aim, the thinker emphasizes the need for economic transformation.
It is established that Karol Wojtyla regards the development of the economy through the prism of the moral priorities of a modern human being. He connects human self-destruction with modern transformations of the scientific and technical sphere, and explains the emergence of nihilism through the crisis of rationality.
The paper seeks to analyze the main dangers in the field of economics, due to which the understanding of human value is lost. Simultaneously, it considers the recommendations of Karol Wojtyla on changing this state of affairs. The thinker emphasizes the dignity of every person, because the recognition of a person as the highest value is not only the existence of laws and norms in the state which would guarantee a decent life in the socio-economic sphere, but also meeting national, cultural and spiritual needs.
Without the right of private property, according to him, an autonomy and development of a person are inconceivable. Karol Wojtyla considers the formation of a new world economic system based on the principles of justice and equality to be the answer to the problem of a proper place of a human being in economic systems. In contrast to profit as a regulator of the economy, the thinker raises the importance of a human factor in economic development, emphasizes the key role of orderly and creative human labor and its components, namely initiative and entrepreneurship. The lack of knowledge and skills are viewed as reasons which do not allow getting out of poverty.
It has been established that, according to Karol Wojtyla, impersonal being is a value and a moral obligation to the subject who is a person.
FEMINIST ART GRIZELDY POLLOK AS A CHALLENGE TO THE ART OF THE PAST
Authors: Zarytska Olena
Published: June 2021

The theoretical work of one of the founders and leading figures of modern feminist art Griselda Pollock is considered. Representing researchers whose ideas were shaped by the radical cultural and social revolution of the 1960s and 1970s, she belongs to the second generation of feminist art criticism. The author points to the eclectic methodological position of G. Pollock, which combines a number of areas associated with its "radicalism" in relation to the classical areas of art history and social thought. In particular, it is Marxism, poststructuralism of R. Bart and M. Foucault, Freudian psychoanalysis etc. Methodological eclecticism G. Pollock suggests that the leading in her work is her ideological attitude, rather than research position. Although G. Pollock's theoretical constructions are formally based on specific biographical and art studies of artists of the past, methodological eclecticism does not allow to characterize them as scientific or at least consistently logical in their construction. The author concludes that substantively, the concept of G. Pollock is based on the interpretation of female (and male) principles in the artist's work as a gender category, defined by the prevailing social roles and stereotypes in society. G. Pollock uses the concept of "bourgeoisie" in relation to the culture of the masculine society of the past; attempts to develop the concept of "death of the author" by R. Bart in the interpretation of the socially determined figure of the artist (on the example of W. Van Gogh); quite arbitrarily uses the apparatus of Freudian psychoanalysis to read ("deconstruct") works of art, in particular, paintings by W. Van Gogh and A. de Toulouse-Lautrec. Thus, G. Pollock turns feminist art criticism into an ideological platform for the development of a range of ideological and theoretical currents, united by their radicalism and opposition to classical art and the ideological foundations of modern civilization as a whole.
Direction of the Rolling of Plates Made of Steel Grade 0H18N9 versus Welding Distortions
Authors: Grzesiak Damian
Published: June 2021

The article presents the results of tests concerning the effect of the direction of the rolling of plates made in steel 0H18N9 on welding distortions. The research-related analysis was concerned with the rolling direction in relation to the longer edge of specimens. The specimens were welded using the MAG method involving the use of pulsed arc. The acquisition of surface flatness-related data was performed using a GOM ATOS 5M blue light scanner. The analysis of the results revealed that the mean surface flatness of the specimens was similar in relation to all of the rolling directions related to analysis. However, the direction of distortions parallel and perpendicular to the weld varied depending on the direction of rolling.
Unconventional Method of Non-Destructive Tests, part 1
Authors: Rawicki Łukasz
Published: June 2021

The article presents methods which can be used when conventional non-destructive tests are unable to detect discontinuities. Non-destructive testing methods are based on physical phenomena enabling the obtainment of diagnostic information. Diagnostic information can be obtained using commonly applied methods as well as less popular techniques of specific nature.
The Program of Psychological and Pedagogical Support in the Conditions of the Formation of Teachers’ Readiness for the Implementation of Inclusion
Authors: Melnik O.V.
Published: June 2021

The support program is dedicated to the problem of psychological and pedagogical readiness of secondary schools’ teachers for the implementation of inclusive education for children with disabili-ties. The article touches on topical problematic issues that relate to the professional difficulties of a teacher of a mass school, associated with a lack of knowledge about the specifics of the develop-ment of children with special educational needs, methods and technologies for working with them, as well as the psychological difficulties of their emotional acceptance. Particular attention is paid to the development of a system of comprehensive support for teachers entering the inclusive process. The purpose of the psychological support of teachers is to provide psychological support within the framework of inclusive education (innovative activity) and the formation of the teacher’s psychologi-cal readiness for the implementation of inclusion.
Uncertainties in Seismic Moment Tensors Inferred from Differences between Global Catalogs
Authors: Rösler Boris , Stein Seth , Spencer Bruce D.
Published: June 2021

Catalogs of moment tensors form the foundation for a wide variety of seismological studies. However, assessing uncertainties in the moment tensors and the quantities derived from them is difficult. To gain insight, we compare 5000 moment tensors in the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Global Centroid Moment Tensor (Global CMT) Project catalogs for November 2015–December 2020 and use the differences to illustrate the uncertainties. The differences are typically an order of magnitude larger than the reported errors, suggesting that the errors substantially underestimate the uncertainty. The catalogs are generally consistent, with intriguing differences. Global CMT generally reports larger scalar moments than USGS, with the difference decreasing with magnitude. This difference is larger than and of the opposite sign from what is expected due to the different definitions of the scalar moment. Instead, the differences are intrinsic to the tensors, presumably in part due to different phases used in the inversions. The differences in double-couple components of source mechanisms and the fault angles derived from them decrease with magnitude. Non-double-couple (NDC) components decrease somewhat with magnitude. These components are moderately correlated between catalogs, with correlations stronger for larger earthquakes. Hence, small earthquakes often show large NDC components, but many have large uncertainties and are likely to be artifacts of the inversion. Conversely, larger earthquakes are less likely to have large NDC components, but these components are typically robust between catalogs. If so, these can indicate either true deviation from a double couple or source complexity. The differences between catalogs in scalar moment, source geometry, or NDC fraction of individual earthquakes are essentially uncorrelated, suggesting that the differences reflect the inversion rather than the source process. Despite the differences in moment tensors, the location and depth of the centroids are consistent between catalogs. Our results apply to earthquakes after 2012, before which many moment tensors were common to both catalogs.
The Particularities of the Closing Processes of Project in the Context of Sustainability Requirements
Authors: Caibula Milis Nilgun , Militaru Constantin , Tamas Răzvan , Dumitrache Cosmin , Dumitrache Ramona
Published: June 2021

The closing processes of the projects influenced their performance from the perspective of how the transfer of competences and resources was managed between the different categories involved. The focus of the efforts of the project teams on the processes of beginning and developing the projects generates a weaker involvement in the closing of the projects, and this aspect is frequently to the disadvantage of the beneficiaries. The present research paper is a systematic review and aims to highlight the need for an integrated approach to the processes of project completion, in the context of the sustainability requirements imposed by the owners. The obtained results can give a complete image to the future project managers who can thus know the particularities of the closing processes, even from the testing and acceptance phase.
FINANCIAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT AND CO2 EMISSIONS NEXUS IN NIGERIA: AN APPLICATION OF ARDL APPROACH
Authors: Musa Kabiru Saidu , Chindo Sulaiman , Maijama'a Rabiu
Published: June 2021

The paper investigated the impact of financial development on CO2 emissions in Nigeria from 1981 to 2019. In the process of investigating the impact, Augmented Dickey-Fuller and Philip Perron, as well as the Zivot-Andrew structural breaks, unit root tests were applied. Their results indicated that financial development, level of income, and CO2 emissions were stationary at the first difference and that of Zivot-Andrew structural breaks indicated a mixture of integration. Cointegration relationship among the variables was established through autoregressive distributed lag model bounds test. The autoregressive distributed lag model long-and-short run models results indicated that financial development and income level significantly negatively impact the CO2 emissions. The suggestion based on these results is that financial development and income level help in financing clean projects in the long-and-short runs. The Granger causality result revealed bidirectional causality from financial development to CO2 emissions, income level to CO2 emissions, and financial development to income level. The variance decomposition analysis indicates that financial development and income level have contributed less to CO2 emissions, and impulse response function results revealed that CO2 emissions respond negatively to shocks in financial development and income level. Therefore, we recommend expanding the Nigerian financial market in financing clean projects for a clean environment alongside checking income generation activities that bring about emissions of CO2, such as burning trees for charcoal production in the forest, among others.Keywords: Financial market development, CO2 emissions, ARDL approachJEL Classification: G20, Q53, C32
PENGARUH EDUKASI GIZI TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR DALAM PEMILIHAN JAJANAN SEHAT: LITERATURE REVIEW
 The Eff ect of Nutrition Education on Knowledge and Attitude about Selection of Healthy Snacks among Elementary Students: Literature Review

Authors: Amira Kus Aisya , Setyaningtyas Stefania Widya
Published: June 2021

Healthy snacks are snacks that are clean, safe, healthy, and nutritious. The food safety of snacks sold in school environment cannot be guaranteed, so it can cause food poisoning among children. The importance of food safety knowledge can be used to prevent food poisoning from contamination such as biological, chemical, or physical contamination. Based on several studies, healthy snacks education can improve children’s knowledge and attitudes that related to the selection of healthy snacks by using various media. The purpose of this literature review is to determine the eff ect of nutrition education on knowledge and attitudes of elementary students in the selection of healthy snacks. This literature study included the articles which used experimental study with pre-test and post-test in elementary students as the subject. There are ten selected articles that were included in the review. The results indicated that nutrition education about healthy snacks could improve knowledge of students in selecting healthy snacks. Moreover, there were 6 articles showed that nutrition education could improve the attitudes of students in the selection of healthy snacks as well. Nutrition education can infl uence the knowledge and attitudes of elementary students in the selection of healthy snacks.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI INTERNET FINANCIAL REPORTING PERUSAHAAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI JAKARTA ISLAMIC INDEX
Authors: Hestiani Novita , Filianti Dian
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAKPerkembangan internet yang cepat memudahkan untuk menyebarkan informasi perusahaan kepada publik, pelaporan secara internet melaui website perusahaan yang sering disebut Internet Financial Reporting (IFR). IFR dapat membantu mengurangi agency cost terkait biaya penyebarluasan informasi berbentuk cetakan. IFR juga membantu menyebarkan informasi mengenai keunggulan-keunggulan perusahaan untuk memudahkan investor mengambil keputusan dan menarik investor baru. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk memberikan bukti secara empiris mengenai pengaruh Profitabilitas, Jenis Industri, Firm Size, Reputasi Auditor terhadap Internet Financial Reporting (IFR). Sampel dalam peneltian ini sebanyak 30 perusahaan yang terdaftar di Jakarta Islamic Index tahun 2019. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini adalah  uji analisis regresi berganda. Dalam penelitian ini mengungkapkan hasil bahwa variabel Firm Size dan Reputasi Auditor menunjukkan hasil yang positif dan signifikan. Sedangkan Profitabilitas dan Jenis Industri tidak terbukti memiliki hasil yang signifikan.Kata kunci: Profitabilitas, Jenis Industri, Firm Size, Reputasi Auditor, Internet Financial Reporting. ABSTRACTThe rapid development of the internet makes it easy to disseminate company information to the public, reporting on the internet through the company's website which is often called Internet Financial Reporting (IFR). IFR can help reduce agency costs related to the cost of disseminating printed information. IFR also helps disseminate information about the advantages of the company to make it easier for investors to make decisions and attract new investors. This study aims to provide empirical evidence regarding the effect of Profitability, Industry Type, Firm Size, Auditor Reputation on Internet Financial Reporting (IFR). The samples in this study were 30 companies registered in the Jakarta Islamic Index in 2019. The data analysis technique in this study was multiple regression analysis. In this study, the results reveal that the Firm Size and Auditor Reputation variables show positive and significant results. Meanwhile, the profitability and type of industry are not proven to have significant results. Keywords: Profitability, Type of Industry, Firm Size, Auditor Reputation, Internet Financial Reporting.
PENGARUH PRODUKSI MINYAK TERHADAP INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA DI NEGARA ANGGOTA OKI
Authors: Putri Winalda Klarista , Auwalin Ilmiawan
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui terkait pengaruh volume produksi minyak, harga minyak dunia, PDB, inflasi, dan jumlah penduduk terhadap IPM di negara anggota OKI pada tahun 2008-2017. Regresi data panel dengan model fixed effect adalah metode yang digunakan untuk menyelidiki hubungan antara variabel bebas dan variabel terikat sebagian atau seluruhnya di waktu yang sama.. Hasil yang ditemukan menunjukkan bahwa volume produksi minyak dan harga minyak dunia berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap IPM. PDB menunjukkan pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap IPM. Sedangkan, inflasi dan jumlah penduduk berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap IPM. Hasil ini dapat menjadi informasi dan pertimbangan bagi pemerintah serta otoritas terkait dalam pengambilan kebijakan dalam memperbaiki dan meningkatkan pembangunan manusia pada  masing-masing Negara-negara anggota OKI. Kata Kunci: Produksi Minyak, Harga Minyak Dunia, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia, Negara Anggota OKI. ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to find out what impact of oil production volume , world oil price, GDP, inflation, and population. Panel data regression with Fixed Effect Model is the approach used (FEM) to investigate the relationship between independent variables and the dependent variable in part or all at the same time. The findings show that oil production volume and world oil prices have a negative and signficant impact on HDI. GDP shows a positive and significant impact on HDI. Meanwhile, inflation and population have a positive and insignificant impact on HDI. These results can be used as information and considerations for the government and related authorities in policymaking in improving and increasing human development in each OIC member countries. Keywords: Oil Production, World Oil Price, Human Development Index, OIC Countries.
ANALISA DAMPAK KEPUASAN PELANGGAN DALAM HUBUNGAN ANTARA ORIENTASI PELAYANAN DAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERHADAP LOYALITAS PELANGGAN SALON MUSLIMAH
Authors: Jauzi Ibnu , Prasetyo Ari
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAKLoyalitas pelanggan merupakan hal yang harus diutamakan perusahaan jasa dalam menjalankan bisnisnya. Tanpa adanya pelanggan yang loyal terhadap perusahaan maka sustainbility perusahaan tersebut akan terancam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti dampak orientasi pelayanan dan kualitas pelayanan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan melalui kepuasan pelanggan pada salon muslimah di Kota Kediri. Apakah dalam mencapai loyalitas pelanggan harus melalui kepuasan pelanggan atau tidak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode SEM PLS. Pengujiannya dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi SmartPLS 3.0 dengan kategori responden yaitu pelanggan yang telah merasakan produk salon muslimah di Kota Kediri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya efek moderasi kepuasan pelanggan dalam hubungan orientasi dan kualitas pelayanan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan.Hal tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa orientasi dan kualitas pelayanan yang dilakukan oleh salon muslimah di Kota Kediri bisa dikategorikan baik sehingga membuat para pelanggannya menjadi loyal.Kata Kunci: Loyalitas Pelanggan, Orientasi Pelayanan, Kualitas Pelayanan, Kepuasan Pelanggan, Salon Muslimah. ABSTRACTCustomer loyalty is something that must be prioritized by service companies in running their business. Without customers who are loyal to the company, the company's sustainability will be threatened. This study aims to examine the impact of service orientation and service quality on customer loyalty through customer satisfaction at Muslimah salons in Kediri. Whether to achieve customer loyalty must go through customer satisfaction or not. This study uses a quantitative approach with the SEM PLS method. The test was carried out using the SmartPLS 3.0 application with the respondent category, namely customers who have experienced Muslim salon products in Kediri. The results showed that there was a moderating effect of customer satisfaction in the relationship between orientation and service quality on customer loyalty. This indicates that the orientation and quality of service carried out by muslimah salons in Kediri City can be categorized as good so that it makes its customers loyal.Keywords: Customer Loyalty, Service Orientation, Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction, Muslimah Salon.
PERLINDUNGAN DATA PRIBADI PENERIMA PINJAMAN DALAM TRANSAKSI PINJAM MEMINJAM UANG BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI (PEER TO PEER LENDING)
Authors: Agusta Hendrawan
Published: June 2021

Perkembangan teknologi informasi sangat pesat, adanya kolaborasi antara teknologi informasi dengan berbagai bidang kehidupan melahirkan berbagai macam inovasi yang membuat kehidupan masyarakat semakin mudah. Inovasi di bidang teknologi informasi melahirkan model bisnis baru yang pada gilirannya mampu menghasilkan efisiensi bagi masyarakat. Revolusi teknologi informasi tersebut terus berkembang dan sekarang memasuki bidang keuangan yang regulasinya ketat. Kolaborasi antara teknologi informasi dengan bidang keuangan melahirkan Teknologi Finansial atau Financial Technology (Fintech), salah satunya pinjam-meminjam uang berbasis teknologi informasi (Peer to Peer Lending/P2P Lending). Masyarakat menjadi lebih mudah mengakses kebutuhan keuangannya melalui P2P Lending. Di sisi lain, muncul tantangan dalam P2P Lending mengenai perlindungan data (data pribadi, data transaksi dan data keuangan). Dalam penelitian ini yang akan dibahas hanya data pribadi Penerima Pinjaman, dimana data pribadi tersebut perlu dilindungi agar tidak terjadi penyalahgunaan yang menimbulkan permasalahan hukum
UPAH PROSES DALAM PEMUTUSAN HUBUNGAN KERJA
Authors: Gunadi Fitriana
Published: June 2021

Upah merupakan salah satu unsur pada hubungan kerja antara pengusaha dengan pekerja/buruh berdasarkan perjanjian kerja. Sesuai dengan asas yang pada dasarnya berlaku untuk semua pekerja/buruh, upah tidak akan dibayar oleh pengusaha apabila pekerja/buruh tidak melakukan pekerjaan (no work no pay). Namun pada perkembangannya, terdapat permasalahan dalam pemberlakuan asas tersebut sejak dijatuhkannya Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia, yang mewajibkan pengusaha untuk tetap memberikan upah kepada pekerja/buruh yang tidak bekerja karena sedang dalam proses pemutusan hubungan kerja hingga adanya putusan yang berkekuatan hukum tetap (inkracht van gewijsde). Permasalahan semakin menjadi kompleks ketika kewajiban atas pemberian upah tersebut ditegaskan oleh Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia untuk 6 (enam) bulan, sehingga kelebihan waktu dalam proses perselisihan hubungan industrial sudah tidak menjadi kewajiban bagi pengusaha
Research On Optimization of Energy Efficient Routing Protocol Based On LEACH
Authors: Sun Haibin , Pan Dijing
Published: June 2021

Aiming at the shortcomings of a typical Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) routing protocol, which randomly selects cluster heads (CHs) and sends data to the base station (BS) by single-hop, an improved effcient routing protocol, Leach-sub-muti, is proposed. In the process of electing CH, the protocol considers the energy of the node, the distance from the node to the BS, the density around the node, and so on. After the cluster is formed, the backup CHs in the cluster are selected according to the load of the CH nodes. In the data transmission stage, if there is a backup CH in the cluster, the nodes in the cluster send data to the CH firstly, and then when the energy of the CH node is lower than the average energy, the backup CH temporarily acts as the CH to forward data to the BS. This protocol allows normal nodes to forward data to the BS directly. When ordinary nodes forward data to the CH, the data can be forwarded by combining single-hop and multihop. Similarly, the data of the CH is also forwarded to the base station in the same way. MATLAB simulation experiments show that the optimized protocol sends more packets with less energy than the LEACH protocol, reducing the energy loss of nodes, and extending the life cycle of the entire network.
Design of Honeycomb Shaped Spectroscopy based Biosensor for the Detection of Tuberculosis Cells
Authors: Parvin Tarunnum , Zobaer M S , Ahmed Kawsar , Bui Francis Minhthang , Mitu Sumaiya Akhtar , Vigneswaran D , rajan Murugan senthil Mani
Published: June 2021

A novel compact honeycomb spectroscopic-based PCF sensor for the detection of tuberculosis cells is proposed. A circular shape core area and tightly bound hexagonal shape air holes in the cladding area are designed for the suggested structure that exhibits ultra-high sensitivity up to 99.99% and very low loss of order 10-11 dB/m. The optical parameters such as effective area (Aeff), V-parameter or normalized frequency (Veff), spot- size (Weff), numerical aperture, along quality factor of beam have been exhibited and numerically observed. The wavelength operating region is specified as 1.2 μm to 2.5 μm. The guiding properties of this suggested tuberculosis sensor is computed with the full vector finite element method (FV-FEM) in the environment of COMSOL Multiphysics (Version5.3) for the calculation of numerical analysis. Circular shape perfectly matched layer (PML) and hexagonal lattice PCF sensor using silica as a background material is successfully designed to increase the sensitivity response compare to the prior works. Moreover, during the entire operating wavelength presented sensor achieves a single modality. With excellent sensitivity response and very low confinement loss, this proposed sensor doubtfully proves its prominent role to detect tuberculosis cells.
Monovalent Copper and Silver Ions Block DNA Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Moshkovich Lea , Saphier Oshra , Popov Stanislav , Shotland Yoram , Silberstein Eldad , Saphier Magal
Published: June 2021

In the present study we present the dramatic effect that monovalent copper ions (Cu(I))have on the DNA polymerase chain reaction, and the moderate effect which monovalent silver ions (Ag(I)) have on it. Our research utilizes the commercial Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) system: in anaerobic conditions, in the presence of less than 0.1 mM of Cu(I) ions or in the presence of less than 10mM of Ag(I) ions, the PCR system was entirely shut down.Under the same conditions, 1 mM of divalent copper ions (Cu(II)) ions shows only a minor effect, while10mM of divalent Ni and Zn ions shows no effect at all.This finding can give some explanation for the strong antimicrobial activity of monovalent copper ions (Cu(I))as well as Ag(I). Although the mechanism of this effect is not yet fully understood, we recently published results showing that under the conditions of acidic pH, an unfavorable carbon source, low molecular oxygen concentration and elevated temperatures, the antibacterial action of Cu(I) ions is boosted, with a 106 bacterial population eliminated in less than 1 min by 0.4mM of Cu(I). Microscopy checking of E.coli morphology and light scattering testes showed mortality of bacteria with almost no lysis. These results suggest that rapid and lethal metabolic damage is the main mechanism of Cu(I)’s antimicrobial effect.
Marketed Surplus and Demand for Improved Groundnut Varieties: Empirical Evidence From Smallholders in Central and Northern Malawi
Authors: Katunga Admire , Zegeye Edilegnaw Wale , Ortmann Gerald
Published: June 2021

The quest to increase marketed surplus prompts farmers to demand high-yielding crop varieties. Understanding the farmers' challenges to increase marketed surplus would contribute to policy intervention measures that increase crop yields. Using an Endogenous Switching Probit regression (ESP) model, the study investigated the effect of marketed surplus on-demand for improved groundnut varieties and determined the factors that affect marketed surplus. The study used data collected from 416 farm households in some selected districts of central and northern Malawi. The ESP estimates showed that marketed surplus had a positive impact on the demand for improved groundnut varieties. The demand for improved groundnut varieties increased by 40% among smallholders with a marketed surplus. Conversely, the demand for improved groundnut varieties among farmers with no marketed surplus declined by 14%. Other findings suggest that increased crop productivity, smallholders' engagement in off-farm economic activities, and enhanced access to market information are critical in increasing marketed surplus. Therefore, policy intervention measures that encounter the farmers' challenges in the output market are critical for the increased marketed surplus to enhance the demand for improved varieties.
Effectively regulating foreign fishing to improve food security and fishery sustainability in Africa
Authors: Ye Yimin , Cochrane Kevern , Ndiaye Papa , Al-Husaini Mohsen
Published: June 2021

Africa is the poorest continent with a burgeoning population and experiencing the most severe food insecurity and overfishing in the world. Searching for sustainable development pathways, we systematically analyzed a comprehensive dataset on fish consumption, international trade, production by local and foreign fleets, and fishery resource status available for the last 70 years. Our findings show that Africa relies on imports to supplement the lowest per capita fish consumption among continents while foreign fleets fish legally or illegally in African waters, annually landing approximately 3.3 million tonnes of fish (equivalent to 48% of the total marine catch reported by African countries) outside Africa in 2017. While restoring overfished stocks, Africa should urgently transform the regulation and use of foreign fishing to satisfy various demands for more fish for African people, better profits and social prospects for the fishery sector, and sustainable fish resources as required by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
Analyzing the Treatment Delivery Accuracy of the uRT Treatment Planning System and uRT-Linac 506C by Use of AAPM TG 119 Test Cases
Authors: Jiang DaZhen , Wang Dajiang , Shen Jiuling , Zhang Jun , Chen Cheng , Bao Zhirong , Zhao Hongli , Chen Ji , Liu Hui , Wang Xiaoyong
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate accuracy of the United Imaging Healthcare's uRT treatment planning system (uRT-TPS), by creating AAPM TG 119 test plans with respectively IMRT and VMAT techniques by homogeneous and heterogeneous phantom. Materials and MethodsThe plans were delivered to the homogeneous and heterogeneous phantom using the United Imaging Healthcare's uRT-Linac 506C. The overall dose calculation accuracy by uRT-TPS with Collapsed Cone Convolution (CC) and Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm was measured and analyzed by creating IMRT and VMAT plans for the 5 test geometries specified in TG 119, by using two kinds of beams FF photon beam and FFF photon beam. The point doses were measured with a Farmer type ion chamber and the fluences were measured with films respectively. Results The result of position accuracy was shown that the worst position accuracy is 0.36 mm and the repeated positioning accuracy of MLC field location was less than 0.25mm. The symmetry deviation of MLC was less than 0.08mm. In this study, the CLs of sMLC, dMLC and VMAT plans with FF photon beams were 2.74%, 2.12%, and 1.36% respectively. As for FFF photon beams, they were 3.76%, 2.14% and 2.90% respectively, whereas the counterpart CL specified in TG119 were 4.5% for the high dose regions and 4.7% for OAR regions. The CLs of Gamma Passing rates for sMLC, dMLC and VMAT plans were 4.59%, 5.35% and 2.15% for FF beam mode, and were 1.82%, 6.12% and 4.82% for FFF beam mode. For the heterogeneous phantom, the maximum deviation is 2.35% for CC and 2.63% for MC algorithm respectively.Conclusion Based on this analysis which were performed in accordance with the TG 119 recommendations, it is evident that the URT treatment planning system and URT-Linac 506C have commissioned IMRT and VMAT techniques with adequate accuracy. and all uRT_TPS treatment plans were recognized as clinically acceptable.
Development and Validation of a Novel Risk Score for Predicting Clinical Deterioration in COVID-19 Patients: The ABCD Risk Score
Authors: Imai Kazuo , Kitagawa Yutaro , Tabata Sakiko , Matsuoka Masaru , Nagura-Ikeda Mayu , Fukada Ai , Miyoshi Kazuyasu , Saito Yoshiro , Tarumoto Norihito , Maeda Takuya
Published: June 2021

IntroductionFor the appropriate allocation of medical resources to at-risk COVID-19 patients, a simple risk scoring model for the risk stratification of clinical deterioration in the early stage of symptom onset would be invaluable. Here, we report the development and validation of such a model for clinical deterioration in COVID-19.MethodsThis multicenter retrospective cohort study conducted in Japan included adult patients (≥18 years old) with confirmed COVID-19 according to molecular diagnostic methods and hospitalized in two hospitals. Patients who did not undergo laboratory tests within 10 days of initial symptom onset and those who were treated with oxygen therapy before hospitalization were excluded. Patients were divided into derivation (n=446) and temporal validation (n=305) datasets based on hospitalization period. The primary outcome was need for oxygen therapy within 14 days of hospitalization.ResultsA novel ABCD Risk Score (range, 0–12) comprising age, body mass index, C-reactive protein, and lactate dehydrogenase levels at admission was developed in the derivation dataset. This risk score showed good discrimination for clinical deterioration (concordance statistics, 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.72–0.90) with good calibration (intercept, 0.01; slope, 0.99) in the temporal validation dataset. Three risk groups were defined: low risk (≤3 points), intermediate risk (4–6 points), and high risk (≥7 points). In the validation dataset, the clinical deterioration rates for these three groups were 7.1% (95% CI: 3.1%–13.6%), 32.9% (95% CI: 22.3%–44.9%), and 73.3% (95% CI: 64.5%–81.0%), respectively. The risk score showed better discrimination and calibration performance than four previously reported risk scoring models.ConclusionOur novel ABCD Risk Score can be used for the risk stratification of clinical deterioration in COVID-19 patients at an early stage of symptom onset.
Novel Findings From Family-based Exome Sequencing for Children With Biliary Atresia
Authors: Tran Kien , Le Vinh , Dao Lan , Nguyen Huyen , Mai Anh , Nguyen Ha , Ngo Minh , Tran Quynh , Nguyen Liem
Published: June 2021

Biliary atresia (BA) is a progressive inflammation and fibrosis of the biliary tree, characterized by the obstruction of bile flow led to liver failure, scarring and cirrhosis. This study aimed to explore the elusive etiology of BA by conducting whole exome sequencing (WES) for 41 children with BA and their parents (35 trios, including one family with two BA diagnosed children and five child-mother cases). We exclusively identified and validated a total of 28 variants (17 X-linked, six de novo and five homozygous) in 25 candidate genes from our BA cohort. These variants were among the 10% most deleterious and having a low minor allele frequency against three employed databases: Kinh Vietnamese (KHV), gnomad and 1000 Genome project. Interestingly, AMER1, INVS and OCRL variants were repeatedly found in unrelated probands, and were firstly reported in a BA cohort. Liver specimens and blood samples showed identical variants, suggesting that somatic mutations were unlikely to occur during the morphogenesis. In agreement with earlier attempts, this study implicated a genetical heterogeneity and non-Mendelian inheritance of BA.
Exploring the Mechanisms Underlying the Therapeutic Effect of Xixin Decoction on Alzheimer's Disease Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Zhang Zhuo , Xu Jiang-lin , Wei Ming-qing , Li Ting , Shi Jing
Published: June 2021

Background and objective: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been a worldwide problem, not only the treatment but also the prevention. As a commonly used Chinese Herbal Formula, Xixin Decoction (XXD) has significant therapeutic effect on AD but without clear mechanism. This study was aimed to predict the main active compounds and targets of XXD in the treatment of AD and to explore the potential mechanism by using network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods: The compounds of XXD were searched in the TCMSP and the TCMID database, and the active compounds were screened based on the ADME model and SwissADME platform. SwissTargetPrediction platform was used to search for the primary candidate targets of XXD. The common targets related to AD obtained by two databases (GeneCards and DisGeNET) were determined as candidate proteins involved in AD. To acquire the related targets of XXD in the treatment of AD, the target proteins related to AD were intersected with the predicted targets of XXD. Then these overlapping targets were imported into the STRING database to build PPI network including hub targets; Cytoscape 3.7.2 software was used to construct the topology analysis for the herb-compound-target network diagram while one of it’s plug-in called CytoNCA was used to calculate degree value to screen the main active compounds of XXD. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were conducted to explore the core mechanism of action and biological pathways associated with the decoction via Metascape platform. We used AutoDock Vina and PyMOL 2.4.0 softwares for molecular docking of hub targets and main compounds.Results: We determined 114 active compounds which meet the conditions of ADME screening, 973 drug targets, and 973 disease targets. However, intersection analysis screened out 208 shared targets. PPI network identified 9 hub targets, including TP53, PIK3CA, MAPK1, MAPK3, STAT3, AKT1, etc. The 10 main active compounds play a major role in treatment of AD by XXD. Hub targets were found to be enriched in 10 KEGG pathways, involving the Pathways in cancer, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, Alzheimer's disease, Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, Dopaminergic synapse, Serotonergic synapse and MAPK signaling pathway. The docking results indicated that the 8 hub targets exhibit good binding activity with the 9 main active compounds of XXD.Conclusions: We found the advantages of multi-compounds-multi-targets-multi-pathways regulation to reveal the mechanism of XXD for treating AD based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Our study provided a theorical basis for further clinical application and experimental research of XXD for anti-AD in the future.
FIDDLE: Efficient Assembly of Networks That Satisfy Desired Behavior
Authors: Butchy Adam A. , Telmer Cheryl A. , Miskov-Zivanov Natasa
Published: June 2021

Background: Due to the complexity and redundancy of biological systems, computational models are difficult and laborious to create and update. Therefore, machine reading and automated model assembly are of great interest to computational and systems biologists. Here, we describe FIDDLE (Finding Interactions using Diagram Driven modeL Extension), the tool that we built with the goal to automatically assemble or extend models with the knowledge extracted from published literature. The two main methods developed as part of FIDDLE are called Breadth First Addition (BFA) and Depth First Addition (DFA), and they are based on network search algorithms. To assess the advantages and limitations of BFA and DFA, we applied them on Erdös-Rényi random networks (ER) and Barabási-Albert scale-free networks (BA) as models of biological networks. Starting with several different baseline models and different sets of candidate edges, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the BFA and DFA algorithms and their ability to either reconstruct a specified network structure or assemble models that reproduce the same behavior as defined golden models.Results: When BFA and DFA are applied to random networks, we are able to show that model extension with BFA is more specific and DFA is a more sensitive approach. When applied to scale-free networks, both BFA and DFA demonstrated very limited success. Conclusion: Results suggest that BFA is a better method for assembling abundant but mixed true and false information, while DFA will better assemble fewer and more truthful interactions. The limited success with scale-free networks suggests a fundamental difficulty with automatically creating biological models due to the inherent redundancy and complexity of biological networks. These methods represent an early attempt and a novel approach to truly autonomous model creation or extension given different types of knowledge. The source code is available at: https://bitbucket.org/biodesignlab/fiddle/.
The endurance of flash-frozen biologics can be improved allowing high-resolution electron microscopy tomography on individual proteins
Authors: Fera Andrea
Published: June 2021

Here surprising results are shown demonstrating a workflow possibly able to exploit the discreet nature of interactions between high-energy electron beams and matter. Isolated protein constructs have been imaged after an original temperature-curing in vacuum, introduced recently for flash-frozen rigid biopolymers, and here applied to flash-frozen oligomers of viral origin. These results, if confirmed, may extend to plastics and bio-oligomers the access to atomic coordinates in one experimental session, when imaged by electron microscopy. Which is the case when imaging semiconductors or other solid materials, provided that the samples are not damaged by the interaction with accelerated electron beams in vacuum. Therefore, potentially, this workflow introduces the possibility of achieving atomic resolution in only one experiment with data only about one individual protein, maybe out of thermodynamic equilibrium. Such data are vital to understand protein-protein interactions. Finally, this workflow offers the possibility, new to cryo-electron microscopy samples, to store a sample indefinitely under liquid nitrogen for imaging the same molecules in more than one experimental session.
A Facile Green Synthesis of Nickel Ferrite Nanoparticles using Tamarindus Indica Seeds for Magnetic and Photocatalytic Studies
Authors: NAIK M MADHUKARA , Vinuth M , Kumar V. Udaya , Hemakumar K. H. , Preethi G , Kumar M Prathap , Nagaraju G
Published: June 2021

Magnetic NiFe2O4 nanoparticle (NFNPs) was synthesized by the microwave-assisted method using Tamarindus indica seeds as a green reducing agent. The identification of NFNPs was carried out by XRD, FTIR, SEM with EDAX analysis, UV-Visible Spectroscopic and luminescence techniques. Spinel structure of NFNPs with a single phase has been confirmed by XRD with an average crystallite size of 21 nm. FTIR confirms the presence of tetrahedral and octahedral sites of prepared NFNPs. SEM with EDAX and TEM gives the information of agglomeration of magnetic nanoparticles with elemental composition present in the NFNPs and spherical nature of nanoparticles with a particle size of 29 nm. The prepared NFNPs are visible active with band gap of 1.92 eV. NFNPs show effective photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation towards the degradation of anionic Alizarin red S dye and cationic Methylene Blue dye. NFNPs show good magnetic property in VSM studies. The prepared NFNPs can be useful for wastewater treatment.