bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Demographics of Water: A Review of Water Ages in the Critical Zone
Authors: Sprenger Matthias , Stumpp Christine , Weiler Markus , Aeschbach Werner , Allen Scott T. , Benettin Paolo , Dubbert Maren , Hartmann Andreas , Hrachowitz Markus , Kirchner James W. , McDonnell Jeffrey J. , Orlowski Natalie , Penna Daniele , Pfahl Stephan , Rinderer Michael , Rodriguez Nicolas , Schmidt Maximilian , Werner Christiane
Published: May 2019

The time that water takes to travel through the terrestrial hydrological cycle and the critical zone is of great interest in Earth system sciences with broad implications for water quality and quantity. Most water age studies to date have focused on individual compartments (or subdisciplines) of the hydrological cycle such as the unsaturated or saturated zone, vegetation, atmosphere, or rivers. However, recent studies have shown that processes at the interfaces between the hydrological compartments (e.g., soil‐atmosphere or soil‐groundwater) govern the age distribution of the water fluxes between these compartments and thus can greatly affect water travel times. The broad variation from complete to nearly absent mixing of water at these interfaces affects the water ages in the compartments. This is especially the case for the highly heterogeneous critical zone between the top of the vegetation and the bottom of the groundwater storage. Here, we review a wide variety of studies about water ages in the critical zone and provide (1) an overview of new prospects and challenges in the use of hydrological tracers to study water ages, (2) a discussion of the limiting assumptions linked to our lack of process understanding and methodological transfer of water age estimations to individual disciplines or compartments, and (3) a vision for how to improve future interdisciplinary efforts to better understand the feedbacks between the atmosphere, vegetation, soil, groundwater, and surface water that control water ages in the critical zone.
Modeling Suspended Sediment Transport Under Influence of Turbulence Ejection and Sweep Events
Authors: Tsai Christina W. , Huang Shih‐Hsun
Published: May 2019

In conventional analysis of sedimentation in open channel flow, suspended sediment transport is regarded as an advection diffusion process. A series of theories based on Brownian motion are developed for describing the diffusion process of sediment particles attributed to turbulence. However, difficulties remain because these models cannot represent the time coherence of turbulence structures that affect instantaneous local sediment concentrations. Focusing on the impact of two flow structures in the near‐wall region on suspended sediment transport, ejection, and sweep events, this study proposes a new stochastic Lagrangian model to simulate sediment particle trajectory. While the occurrences of ejection/sweep events are confirmed to change the instantaneous sediment flux, their impact on the long‐term average sediment flux has yet to be confirmed. The simulation results identify the contributions of these structures to suspended sediment transport and show that the time coherence of flow velocity may be essential for flow to carry sediment particles in suspension. This study also points out that the duration of the flow events may be the key to interpret the diffusion coefficient in terms of turbulence intensity.
Salinity Yield Modeling of the Upper Colorado River Basin Using 30‐m Resolution Soil Maps and Random Forests
Authors: Nauman Travis W. , Ely Christopher P. , Miller Matthew P. , Duniway Michael C.
Published: May 2019

Salinity loading in the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB) costs local economies upward of $300 million U.S. dollars annually. Salinity source models have generally included coarse spatial data to represent nonagriculture sources. We developed new predictive soil property and cover maps at 30‐m resolution to improve source representation in salinity modeling. Salinity loading erosion risk indices were also created based on soil properties, remotely sensed bare ground exposure, and topographic factors to examine potential surface soil erosion drivers. These new maps and data from previous SPARROW models were related to recently updated records of salinity at 309 stream gauges in the UCRB using random forest regressions. Resulting salinity yield predictions indicate more diffuse salinity sources, with slightly higher yields in more arid portions of the UCRB, and less overall load coming from irrigated agricultural sources. Model simulations still indicate irrigation to be the major human source of salinity (661,000 Mg or 12%) and also suggest that 75,000 Mg (1.4%) of annual salinity in the UCRB is coming from areas with excessive exposed bare ground in high‐elevation mountain areas. Model inputs allow for field‐scale screening of locations that could be targeted for salinity control projects. Results confirm recent studies indicating limited surface erosional influence on salinity loading in UCRB surface waters, but impacts of monsoonal runoff events are still not fully understood, particularly in drylands. The study highlights the utility of new predictive soil maps and machine learning for environmental modeling.
Mesoscale Soil Moisture Patterns Revealed Using a Sparse In Situ Network and Regression Kriging
Authors: Ochsner Tyson E. , Linde Evan , Haffner Matthew , Dong Jingnuo
Published: May 2019

Soil moisture spatial patterns with length scales of 1‐100 km influence hydrological, ecological, and agricultural processes, but the footprint or support volume of existing monitoring systems, for example, satellite‐based radiometers and sparse in situ monitoring networks, is often either too large or too small to effectively observe these mesoscale patterns. This measurement scale gap hinders our understanding of soil water processes and complicates calibration and validation of hydrologic models and soil moisture satellites. One possible solution is to utilize geostatistical techniques that have proven effective for mapping static patterns in soil properties. The objective of this study was to determine how effectively dynamic, mesoscale soil moisture patterns can be mapped by applying regression kriging to the data from a sparse, large‐scale in situ network. The fully automated system developed here uses several data sets: daily soil moisture measurements from the Oklahoma Mesonet, sand content estimates from the Natural Resource Conservation Service Soil Survey Geographic Database, and an antecedent precipitation index computed from National Weather Service multisensor precipitation estimates. A multiple linear regression model is fitted daily to the observed data, and the residuals of that model are used in a semivariogram estimation and kriging routine to produce daily statewide maps of soil moisture at 5‐, 25‐, and 60‐cm depths at 800‐m resolution. During over 3 years of operation, this mapping system has revealed complex, dynamic, and depth‐specific mesoscale patterns, reflecting the shifting influences of both soil texture and precipitation, with a mean absolute error of ≤0.0576 cm3/cm3 across all three depths.
Tropical Teleconnections to Antarctic Sea Ice During Austral Spring 2016 in Coupled Pacemaker Experiments
Authors: Purich Ariaan , England Matthew H.
Published: May 2019

Following a multidecade increase, Antarctic sea ice declined drastically during austral spring 2016. Suggested causes of the sea ice decline include lingering effects of the 2015/2016 extreme El Niño and a tropical Indian Ocean teleconnection to high‐latitude atmospheric circulation. Here, we conduct pacemaker experiments using a full coupled climate model forced with observed tropical sea surface temperature to examine the impact of the Indian and Pacific Oceans on southern high latitudes during spring 2016. Our experiments suggest that a Rossby wave teleconnection from the tropical Indian Ocean contributed to the sea ice decline during spring 2016, with less influence from the Pacific Ocean. However, we find considerable spread in the magnitude of sea ice anomalies across ensemble members, suggesting that while an Indian Ocean teleconnection likely played a role, intrinsic atmospheric variability and high‐latitude ocean conditions may also have been important in driving the observed 2016 spring sea ice decline.
Understand the Direct Effect of CO2 Increase on Tropical Circulation and TC Activity: Land Surface Warming Versus Direct Radiative Forcing
Authors: Zhou Wenyu , Zhao Ming , Yang Da
Published: May 2019

The direct effect of increased CO2 involves contributions from both land warming and direct radiative forcing. Here, their relative impacts on tropical circulation and tropical cyclones (TCs) are quantified by increasing CO2 over land and ocean separately in a high‐resolution atmosphere‐only model. It is found that land warming induces substantial vertical velocity changes over nearby oceans and such local changes are compensated by opposite motions within tropical ascending regions. The cloud mask effect leads to smaller CO2‐induced radiative heating over ascending regions. Such inhomogeneity in radiative forcing dominates compensated changes in surface fluxes and gross moist stability, leading to the slowdown of the tropical overturning circulation. TC activity is tightly linked with the large‐scale ascent because of the influence on the atmospheric humidity. Regional circulation changes caused by land warming strongly suppresses TC activity over the northwest Pacific, while weakened ascent from direct radiative forcing causes an overall TC reduction.
Statistical Analysis of Transverse Size of Lower Band Chorus Waves Using Simultaneous Multisatellite Observations
Authors: Shen Xiao‐Chen , Li Wen , Ma Qianli , Agapitov Oleksiy , Nishimura Yukitoshi
Published: May 2019

Chorus waves are known to accelerate or scatter energetic electrons via quasi‐linear or nonlinear wave‐particle interactions in the Earth's magnetosphere. In this letter, by taking advantage of simultaneous observations of chorus waveforms from at least a pair of probes among Van Allen Probes and/or Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) missions, we statistically calculate the transverse size of lower band chorus wave elements. The average size of lower band chorus wave element is found to be ~315±32 km over L shells of ~5–6. Furthermore, our results suggest that the scale size of lower band chorus tends to be (1) larger at higher L shells; (2) larger at higher magnetic latitudes, especially on the dayside; and (3) larger in the azimuthal direction than in the radial direction. Our findings are crucial to quantify wave‐particle interaction process, particularly the nonlinear interactions between chorus and energetic electrons.
Flow Velocity and Field‐Aligned Current Associated With Field Line Resonance: SuperDARN Measurements
Authors: Fenrich Frances R. , Gillies D. Megan , Donovan Eric , Knudsen David
Published: May 2019

This study presents observations of the two‐dimensional velocities and field‐aligned currents of magnetospheric field line resonances. Knowledge of the two‐dimensional plasma flows is essential for determining the field‐aligned current structure of the field line resonance and for understanding the role that field line resonances play in the generation of some auroral arc forms. In this work the full velocity vectors are determined from a high‐resolution fit to the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) line‐of‐sight data. Two discrete field line resonance events are presented, one at 4.0 mHz (4‐ to 5‐min period) and the other at 0.6 mHz (30‐min period). Band‐pass filtering the north‐south and east‐west components of the total convection velocity vectors reveals the two‐dimensional velocity field specific to an individual field line resonance. The field line resonance velocities exhibit periodic vorticity, which correspond to periodic poleward moving bands of enhanced field‐aligned current. Assuming a constant ionospheric Pedersen conductance of 10 S, peak field‐aligned current values are estimated to be 2–4 μA/m2. The field‐aligned currents alternate between upward and downward directed and peak in magnitude ~0.5–1° poleward and/or equatorward of the peak in field line resonance flow velocity. A Swarm satellite overpass occurs directly over the 0.6‐mHz field line resonance. The SuperDARN field‐aligned current profile along the Swarm trajectory is found to be similar in magnitude and structure to that determined from Swarm‐A and Swarm‐C in situ measurements.
e‐POP and Red Line Optical Observations of Alfvénic Auroras
Authors: Liang Jun , Shen Y. , Knudsen D. , Spanswick E. , Burchill J. , Donovan E.
Published: May 2019

Suprathermal electron bursts (STEBs), characterized by a board energy spectrum and a field‐aligned pitch angle distribution, have been well recognized to be associated with electron acceleration by inertial Alfvén waves and are thus conventionally termed as “Alfvénic aurora.” In this study, we report joint Enhanced‐Polar‐Outflow‐Probe (e‐POP) and ground‐based optical observations of Alfvénic auroras. In particular, we highlight the prominence of 630‐nm red line emissions under low‐energy Alfvénic auroral precipitation. During the event interval, e‐POP traverses two arcs. One bright arc dominated by green line emissions is clearly seen by all optical instruments; it is embedded in upward field‐aligned currents (FACs) yet leaves little imprint on the e‐POP suprathermal electron imager (SEI), likely due to that the precipitation is well above the upper energy limit of SEI. On the other hand, there is a red line arc that is pronounced only in 630‐nm images. Such a red‐line‐only arc is located in a transition from large‐scale upward FACs to downward FACs and is associated with a prominent STEB structure detected by e‐POP SEI. The STEB features an inverse energy time dispersion, namely, that lower‐energy electrons are seen earlier while higher‐energy electrons appear later. The red‐line‐only arc and its separation from the green line arc evolve in a repeatable fashion, each stemming from a poleward auroral intensification (PAI) propagated from higher latitudes. Following each poleward auroral intensification the green line arc progressively moved southward, while the red‐line‐only arc is quasi‐stationary and stayed relatively stable in latitude. We propose tentative interpretations of the above features based upon stationary inertial Alfvén waves.
An ATAC-seq atlas of chromatin accessibility in mouse tissues
Authors: Liu Chuanyu , Wang Mingyue , Wei Xiaoyu , Wu Liang , Xu Jiangshan , Dai Xi , Xia Jun , Cheng Mengnan , Yuan Yue , Zhang Pengfan , Li Jiguang , Feng Taiqing , Chen Ao , Zhang Wenwei , Chen Fang , Shang Zhouchun , Zhang Xiuqing , Peters Brock A. , Liu Longqi
Published: May 2019

The Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) is a fundamental epigenomics approach and has been widely used in profiling the chromatin accessibility dynamics in multiple species. A comprehensive reference of ATAC-seq datasets for mammalian tissues is important for the understanding of regulatory specificity and developmental abnormality caused by genetic or environmental alterations. Here, we report an adult mouse ATAC-seq atlas by producing a total of 66 ATAC-seq profiles from 20 primary tissues of both male and female mice. The ATAC-seq read enrichment, fragment size distribution, and reproducibility between replicates demonstrated the high quality of the full dataset. We identified a total of 296,574 accessible elements, of which 26,916 showed tissue-specific accessibility. Further, we identified key transcription factors specific to distinct tissues and found that the enrichment of each motif reflects the developmental similarities across tissues. In summary, our study provides an important resource on the mouse epigenome and will be of great importance to various scientific disciplines such as development, cell reprogramming, and genetic disease.
Protein phosphatase 2A interacts with Verthandi/Rad21 to regulate mitosis and organ development in Drosophila
Authors: Kim Lee-Hyang , Hong Sung-Tae , Choi Kwang-Wook
Published: May 2019

Rad21/Scc1 is a subunit of the cohesin complex implicated in gene regulation as well as sister chromatid cohesion. The level of Rad21/Scc1 must be controlled for proper mitosis and gene expression during development. Here, we identify the PP2A catalytic subunit encoded by microtubule star (mts) as a regulator of Drosophila Rad21/Verthandi (Vtd). Mutations in mts and vtd cause synergistic mitotic defects, including abnormal spindles and loss of nuclei during nuclear division in early embryo. Depletion of Mts and Vtd in developing wing synergistically reduces the Cut protein level, causing severe defects in wing growth. Mts and PP2A subunit Twins (Tws) interact with Vtd protein. Loss of Mts or Tws reduces Vtd protein level. Reduced proteasome function suppresses mitotic defects caused by mutations in mts and vtd. Taken together, this work provides evidence that PP2A is required for mitosis and wing growth by regulating the Vtd level through the proteasomal pathway.
Proteomic insight into the pathogenesis of CAPN5-vitreoretinopathy
Authors: Velez Gabriel , Yang Jing , Li Angela S. , Tsang Stephen H. , Bassuk Alexander G. , Mahajan Vinit B.
Published: May 2019

CAPN5 Neovascular Inflammatory Vitreoretinopathy (CAPN5-NIV; OMIM 193235) is a poorly-understood rare, progressive inflammatory intraocular disease with limited therapeutic options. To profile disease effector proteins in CAPN5-NIV patient vitreous, liquid vitreous biopsies were collected from two groups: eyes from control subjects (n = 4) with idiopathic macular holes (IMH) and eyes from test subjects (n = 12) with different stages of CAPN5-NIV. Samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Protein expression changes were evaluated by principal component analysis, 1-way ANOVA (significant p-value < 0.05), hierarchical clustering, gene ontology, and pathway representation. There were 216 differentially-expressed proteins (between CAPN5-NIV and control vitreous), including those unique to and abundant in each clinical stage. Gene ontology analysis revealed decreased synaptic signaling proteins in CAPN5-NIV vitreous compared to controls. Pathway analysis revealed that inflammatory mediators of the acute phase response and the complement cascade were highly-represented. The CAPN5-NIV vitreous proteome displayed characteristic enrichment of proteins and pathways previously-associated with non-infectious posterior uveitis, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). This study expands our knowledge of affected molecular pathways in CAPN5-NIV using unbiased, shotgun proteomic analysis rather than targeted detection platforms. The high-levels and representation of acute phase response proteins suggests a functional role for the innate immune system in CAPN5-NIV pathogenesis.
Pulsed Electric Field Treatment Enhances the Cytotoxicity of Plasma-Activated Liquids in a Three-Dimensional Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Model
Authors: Griseti Elena , Kolosnjaj-Tabi Jelena , Gibot Laure , Fourquaux Isabelle , Rols Marie-Pierre , Yousfi Mohammed , Merbahi Nofel , Golzio Muriel
Published: May 2019

Cold atmospheric plasma and more recently, plasma-activated liquids (culture media, water or buffered solutions previously exposed to plasma), are gathering momentum in cancer cells treatment. Nevertheless, in vitro tests show that this novel approach is sometimes less efficient than expected. We here evaluate the mechanisms of action of the plasma-activated PBS and suggest to use electropermeabilization (EP) in combination with the plasma-activated phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), in order to potentiate the cytotoxic effect of the plasma activated liquid. Human multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS), a three-dimensional cell model, which resembles small avascular tumors, was used to define the optimal treatment conditions for single and dual-mode treatments. MCTS growth, viability, and global morphological changes were assessed by live cell video-microscopy. In addition, the induction of caspases activation, the appearance of DNA damages, and cell membrane permeabilization, as well as the early modifications in the cellular ultrastructure, were examined by immunofluorescence, propidium iodide staining, confocal fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Altogether, our results show that a combined treatment resulted in an earlier onset of DNA damage and caspases activation, which completely abolished MCTS growth. This report is a proof of concept study evidencing that electropermeabilization greatly potentiates the cytotoxic effect of plasma-activated PBS in vitro in a three-dimensional cancer cell model.
Outcome of Septoplasty with Inferior Turbinectomy as an In-patient or Out-patient Procedure
Authors: Chen Yung-Yuan , Huang Tzu-Chin
Published: May 2019

The study aimed to compare the surgical outcomes of septoplasty with inferior turbinectomy between in-patient and out-patient groups. A total of 152 patients who underwent septoplasty with inferior turbinectomy between May 2012 and February 2013 were retrospectively reviewed and divided into in-patient group and out-patient group. The two groups were compared in three aspects: (i) consumption of medical resources, including National Health Insurance payments, patient surcharges, and total surgical expenses; (ii) prognostic indicators; and (iii) post-operative complications. There were no statistically significant differences between the prognostic indicators or post-operative complications in the 2 study groups except for “duration of nasal decongestant use”. The in-patient group had higher medical resource consumption in all categories. In conclusion, septoplasty with inferior turbinectomy can be performed cost-effectively as an out-patient procedure with satisfactory quality and adequate safety.
Senescence-related deterioration of intercellular junctions in the peritoneal mesothelium promotes the transmesothelial invasion of ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Pakuła Martyna , Witucka Anna , Uruski Paweł , Radziemski Artur , Moszyński Rafał , Szpurek Dariusz , Maksin Konstantin , Woźniak Aldona , Sajdak Stefan , Tykarski Andrzej , Mikuła-Pietrasik Justyna , Książek Krzysztof
Published: May 2019

Mechanisms of transmesothelial invasion of ovarian cancer are still poorly understood. Here we examined whether this phenomenon may be determined by an expression of intercellular junctions in peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs). Analysis of ovarian tumors showed that cancer cells are localized below an intact layer of PMCs. The PMCs located near the invaded cancer cells displayed low expression of connexin 43, E-cadherin, occludin, and desmoglein, as well as expressed SA-β-Gal, a marker of senescence. Experiments in vitro showed that senescent PMCs exhibited decreased levels of the four tested intercellular junctions, and that the invasion of ovarian cancer cells through the PMCs increased proportionally to the admixture of senescent cells. Intervention studies showed that the expression of connexin 43, E-cadherin, occludin, and desmoglein in senescent PMCs could be restored upon the blockade of p38 MAPK, NF-κB, AKT, JNK, HGF, and TGF-β1. When these molecules were neutralized, the efficiency of the transmesothelial cancer cell invasion was diminished. Collectively, our findings show that the integrity of the peritoneal mesothelium, which is determined by the expression of junctional proteins, is critical for the invasion of ovarian cancer. They also indicate a mechanism by which senescent PMCs may promote the invasive potential of cancer cells.
Minimally invasive laser treatment combined with intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for diabetic macular oedema
Authors: Inagaki Keiji , Hamada Masafumi , Ohkoshi Kishiko
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the combination of minimally invasive laser treatment to the intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for diabetic macular oedema (DME). This study was retrospective longitudinal study of thirty-four eyes of 31 patients with DME. Either once or several times of intravitreal anti-VEGF injection was followed by the single minimally invasive laser within a month. The mean best corrected visual acuity (VA) and the central macular thickness (CMT) were measured before treatment, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the first anti-VEGF injection. The mean logMAR VA had improved from 0.52 ± 0.34 at baseline to 0.44 ± 0.32 (p = 0.003), 0.40 ± 0.34 (p = 0.006), 0.43 ± 0.33 (p = 0.063), and 0.41 ± 0.34 (p = 0.009), at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment, respectively. The mean CMT decreased significantly by 1 month and maintained over 12 months (491.1 ± 133.9 µm at baseline, 396.6 ± 116.8 µm (p = 0.001), 385.2 ± 156.2 µm (p = 0.002), 336.5 ± 86.3 µm (p = 0.000), and 354.8 ± 120.4 µm (p = 0.000) at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively). The average number of the anti-VEGF injection in 1 year was 3.6 ± 2.1 in all patients. The combined intravitreal anti-VEGF and minimally invasive laser therapy improves the VA, alleviates DME, and may decrease the required number of anti-VEGF injections.
Constitutive alterations in vesicular trafficking increase the sensitivity of cells from celiac disease patients to gliadin
Authors: Lania Giuliana , Nanayakkara Merlin , Maglio Mariantonia , Auricchio Renata , Porpora Monia , Conte Mariangela , De Matteis Maria Antonietta , Rizzo Riccardo , Luini Alberto , Discepolo Valentina , Troncone Riccardo , Auricchio Salvatore , Barone Maria Vittoria
Published: May 2019

Celiac Disease (CD) is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of the intestinal mucosa due to an immune response to wheat gliadins. Some gliadin peptides (e.g., A-gliadin P57-68) induce an adaptive Th1 pro-inflammatory response. Other gliadin peptides (e.g., A-gliadin P31-43) induce a stress/innate immune response involving interleukin 15 (IL15) and interferon α (IFN-α). In the present study, we describe a stressed/inflamed celiac cellular phenotype in enterocytes and fibroblasts probably due to an alteration in the early-recycling endosomal system. Celiac cells are more sensitive to the gliadin peptide P31-43 and IL15 than controls. This phenotype is reproduced in control cells by inducing a delay in early vesicular trafficking. This constitutive lesion might mediate the stress/innate immune response to gliadin, which can be one of the triggers of the gliadin-specific T-cell response.
Relative stability of diamond and graphite as seen through bonds and hybridizations
Authors: Popov Ilya V. , Görne Arno L. , Tchougréeff Andrei L. , Dronskowski Richard
Published: May 2019

We propose a semi-quantitative quantum-chemical model correctly ranking the ubiquitous carbon allotropes diamond and graphite in terms of energy despite their drastic structural differences.
An amino-functionalized zirconium-based metal–organic framework/graphene oxide nanocomposite for 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid determination by ion mobility spectrometry
Authors: Saraji Mohammad , Jafari Mohammad Taghi , Mohammadi Vajihe
Published: May 2019

A zirconium based metal–organic framework/graphene oxide nanocomposite as a thin-film microextraction sorbent for determination of 2,4-D in water and rice by secondary electrospray ionization-ion mobility spectrometry.
Understanding the strain effect of Au@Pd nanocatalysts by in situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Wei Jie , Zhang Yu-Jin , Qin Si-Na , Yang Wei-Min , Zhang Hua , Yang Zhi-Lin , Tian Zhong-Qun , Li Jian-Feng
Published: May 2019

A gap-mode configuration was developed for the in situ SERS study of the structure–activity relationship of Au@Pd core–shell nanocatalysts, which show much better performance in the selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol compared to Pd.
Orchestrated catalytic double rollover annulation: rapid access to N-enriched cationic and neutral PAHs
Authors: Karak Pirudhan , Dutta Champak , Dutta Tanoy , Koner Apurba Lal , Choudhury Joyanta
Published: May 2019

Disclosed herein is a rhodium(iii)-catalyzed novel one-step back-to-back double rollover annulation on pyridine and pyrazine backbones leading to structurally and optoelectronically diverse class of nicely decorated multi-ring-fused, extensively π-conjugated, N-enriched PAH molecules by virtue of orchestrated quadruple C–H activation events.
A uranium capture strategy based on self-assembly in a hydroxyl-functionalized ionic liquid extraction system
Authors: Chen Baihua , Wu Kaige , Yang Yanqiu , Wang Ning , Liu Yi , Hu Shuanglin , Wang Jing , Wen Jun , Hu Sheng , Chen Qingde , Shen Xinghai , Peng Shuming
Published: May 2019

A novel and efficient uranium capture strategy based on self-assembly is developed in an ionic liquid extraction system, by which the one-step separation and solidification of uranium are realized.
Correction: Synthesis of polyoxometalate clusters using carbohydrates as reducing agents leads to isomer-selection
Authors: Janusson Eric , de Kler Noël , Vilà-Nadal Laia , Long De-Liang , Cronin Leroy
Published: May 2019

Correction for ‘Synthesis of polyoxometalate clusters using carbohydrates as reducing agents leads to isomer-selection’ by Eric Janusson et al., Chem. Commun., 2019, DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02361e.
A green and general strategy for the synthesis of hollow Ag/CdS nanocomposites for superior SERS performance
Authors: Li Shanshan , Wang Qi , Song Xinyu , Bu Yuxiang
Published: May 2019

In this study, we developed a convenient, environmentally friendly approach for the fabrication of hollow Ag/CdS composites, which presented superior SERS performance.
An electrochemical approach towards the controllable synthesis of highly ordered and hierarchical zinc oxide dendritic crystals composed of hexagonal nanosheets: some insights into the stacking-assembly of the hierarchical architecture
Authors: Zhou Yuli , Wang Jian , Zhou Hongting , Xiang Fangyu , Yang Hongyu , Cai Xiaoyao , Liao Huimin , Gu Lin , Wang Yanyan
Published: May 2019

Herein, an electrochemical synthetic approach is presented to produce a highly ordered and hierarchical zinc oxide dendrite architecture composed of hexagonal nanosheets.
Local temperature versus system temperature in a simulation experiment containing water molecules
Authors: Jafari Reza , Sohrabi Beheshteh
Published: May 2019

Water models are commonly used in simulation experiments containing water molecules.
Spatial localization in nuclear spin-induced circular dichroism – a quadratic response function analysis
Authors: Štěpánek Petr , Coriani Sonia
Published: May 2019

A new computational method for nuclear spin-induced circular dichroism allows analysis of localization of individual excited states within a molecule.
Understanding the affinity of bis-exTTF macrocyclic receptors towards fullerene recognition
Authors: Calbo Joaquín , de Juan Alberto , Aragó Juan , Villalva Julia , Martín Nazario , Pérez Emilio M. , Ortí Enrique
Published: May 2019

Embracing [60]fullerene: Quantification of the C60 affinity with a new series of exTTF macrocycles allows understanding the driving forces governing the supramolecular recognition upon increasing the alkyl ether chain size. Counterintuitively, an outside-ring complexation is found as the preferred arrangement over the expected inside-ring disposition.
Single Pt atom supported on penta-graphene as an efficient catalyst for CO oxidation
Authors: Krishnan Ranganathan , Wu Shiuan-Yau , Chen Hsin-Tsung
Published: May 2019

We performed a systematic study of CO oxidation on a single Pt atom supported on penta-graphene (Pt/PG) by utilizing spin-polarized first-principles calculations. The results manifested that Pt/PG, as a single-atom catalyst, exhibited excellent catalytic activity toward CO oxidation and provided a novel strategy for the design of single-atom catalysts based on penta-graphene.
How to explore ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reliably and insightfully
Authors: Tang Cheng , Qiao Shi-Zhang
Published: May 2019

A guidebook with best practices and potential opportunities to explore ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reliably and insightfully.
Sn-doped Pt catalyst supported on hierarchical porous ZSM-5 for the liquid-phase hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde
Authors: Wang Qixiang , Wang Guimei , Xin Huiyue , Liu Jiaxu , Xiong Guang , Wu Peng , Li Xiaohong
Published: May 2019

3Pt0.05Sn/HPZSM-5 serves as a much more active and recyclable catalyst for the liquid-phase selective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde to cinnamyl alcohol.
A hybrid composite of hydroxyapatite and Ca–Al layered double hydroxide supported Au nanoparticles for highly efficient base-free aerobic oxidation of glucose
Authors: Zhuge Yunfeng , Fan Guoli , Lin Yanjun , Yang Lan , Li Feng
Published: May 2019

A novel hybrid composite of hydroxyapatite/Ca–Al layered double hydroxide supported Au nanoparticles exhibited robust catalytic performance in base-free aerobic oxidation of glucose.
Highly efficient electrochemical conversion of CO2 and NaCl to CO and NaClO
Authors: Quan Fengjiao , Zhan Guangming , Shang Huan , Huang Yahui , Jia Falong , Zhang Lizhi , Ai Zhihui
Published: May 2019

Cathodic CO2 reduction and anodic salt oxidation are coupled for simultaneous production of CO and NaClO in high efficiencies.
Automated serial dilutions for high-dynamic-range assays enabled by fill-level-coupled valving in centrifugal microfluidics
Authors: Juelg Peter , Specht Mara , Kipf Elena , Lehnert Michael , Eckert Cornelia , Keller Mark , Hutzenlaub Tobias , von Stetten Felix , Zengerle Roland , Paust Nils
Published: May 2019

Time-independent, serial valving under rotation on centrifugal microfluidic platforms by a fill-level-coupled temperature change rate (FLC-TCR) actuated principle.
Design strategies for developing non-precious metal based bi-functional catalysts for alkaline electrolyte based zinc–air batteries
Authors: Han Chao , Li Weijie , Liu Hua-Kun , Dou Shixue , Wang Jiazhao
Published: May 2019

Strategies that could be used to develop non-precious-metal based catalysts towards the OER/ORR in alkaline electrolyte based zinc–air systems are briefly reviewed.
Fine Co nanoparticles encapsulated in N-doped porous carbon for efficient oxygen reduction
Authors: Liu Lei , Zhang Yihe , Yu Xuelian
Published: May 2019

Through the acid pickling of Co@NPC, which was obtained by one-step calcination of ZIF-67 in N2 and condition optimization of Co nanoparticle sizes, a catalyst of fine Co nanoparticles encapsulated in N-doped porous carbon with excellent ORR performance was prepared.
Effect of hybrid SiO2@Ag nanoparticles with raspberry-like morphology on the excited states of the photosensitizers Rose Bengal and riboflavin
Authors: Martínez Porcel Joaquín E. , Rivas Aiello María Belén , Arce Valeria B. , Di Silvio Desire , Moya Sergio E. , Mártire Daniel O.
Published: May 2019

Ag+ is released due to a charge transfer process from the triplet state of adsorbed riboflavin to the silver nanoparticles.
3D nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbon framework for protecting sulfur cathode in lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Song Yan , Wang He , Ma Qianli , Li Dan , Wang Jinxian , Liu Guixia , Yang Ying , Dong Xiangting , Yu Wensheng
Published: May 2019

A three-dimensional carbon substrate integrating a hierarchical porous network structure with rich nitrogen atom doping is designed for lithium–sulfur batteries.
Electrochemical and electrochromic properties of bilayer polymer films prepared by electrochemical polymerization based on star-shaped thiophene derivatives
Authors: Yan Shuanma , Dong Yujie , Li Weijun , Chen Lan , Dai Yuyu , Ren Ning , Wu Yizhao , Zhang Yujian , Zhang Cheng
Published: May 2019

Electrochemical and EC properties of bilayer films prepared by electropolymerization prove that charge-transport has important effects on switching speed of materials.
Spontaneous in-flight assembly of magnetic nanoparticles into macroscopic chains
Authors: Balcells Lluis , Stanković Igor , Konstantinović Zorica , Alagh Aanchal , Fuentes Victor , López-Mir Laura , Oró Judit , Mestres Narcis , García Carlos , Pomar Alberto , Martínez Benjamin
Published: May 2019

The cluster gun technique can go beyond fabrication of single particles into controlled and reproducible self-assembly of NPs as they form.
Three-dimensional macroporous W2C inverse opal arrays for the efficient hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Zhang Haifeng , Pan Qin , Sun Zhipeng , Cheng Chuanwei
Published: May 2019

An efficient three-dimensional macroporous W2C inverse opal array electrocatalyst is developed for the hydrogen evolution reaction.
Correction: Polarisation insensitive multifunctional metasurfaces based on all-dielectric nanowaveguides
Authors: Mahmood Nasir , Kim Inki , Mehmood Muhammad Qasim , Jeong Heonyeong , Akbar Ali , Lee Dasol , Saleem Murtaza , Zubair Muhammad , Anwar Muhammad Sabieh , Tahir Farooq Ahmad , Rho Junsuk
Published: May 2019

Correction for ‘Polarisation insensitive multifunctional metasurfaces based on all-dielectric nanowaveguides’ by Nasir Mahmood et al., Nanoscale, 2018, 10, 18323–18330.
Triaminopyrimidine derivatives as transmembrane HCl transporters
Authors: Motloch Petr , Guerreiro Ana , Azeredo Carolina Q. , Bernardes Gonçalo J. L. , Hunter Christopher A. , Kocsis Istvan
Published: May 2019

A series of triaminopyrimidine-based anion transporters has been described, capable of diminishing proton gradients across lipid bilayers at physiologically relevant pH.
Metal–organic framework-based materials for the recovery of uranium from aqueous solutions
Authors: Yang Weiting , Pan Qinhe , Song Shuyan , Zhang Hongjie
Published: May 2019

This review focuses on the recent progress in MOFs and MOF-based materials as superior adsorbents for the efficient removal of uranium from aqueous solutions.
Determination and distribution of pesticides and antibiotics in agricultural soils from northern China
Authors: Pan Lixiang , Feng Xiaoxiao , Cao Meng , Zhang Shiwen , Huang Yuanfang , Xu Tianheng , Jing Jing , Zhang Hongyan
Published: May 2019

Different types of soil samples from a typical farmland in northern China were collected and evaluated for the presence of the pesticides and antibiotics.
Cellulose nanofibrils prepared by gentle drying methods reveal the limits of helium ion microscopy imaging
Authors: Ketola Annika E. , Leppänen Miika , Turpeinen Tuomas , Papponen Petri , Strand Anders , Sundberg Anna , Arstila Kai , Retulainen Elias
Published: May 2019

TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TCNFs) have unique properties, which can be utilised in many application fields from printed electronics to packaging.
Nitrogen, sulfur-codoped micro–mesoporous carbon derived from boat-fruited sterculia seed for robust lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Wu Jian , Zhang Qi , Li Mo , Yan Jian , Zhang Yong , Liu Jiaqin , Wu Yucheng
Published: May 2019

Physical confinement and chemical adsorption of polysulfides on boat-fruited sterculia seed derived nitrogen, sulfur-codoped micro–mesoporous carbon for robust lithium–sulfur batteries.
On the homocoupling of trialkylstannyl monomers in the synthesis of diketopyrrolopyrrole polymers and its effect on the performance of polymer-fullerene photovoltaic cells
Authors: Heintges Gaël H. L. , Janssen René A. J.
Published: May 2019

By introducing homocoupled segments in a conjugated polymer in a controlled fashion it is possible to assess the effect of structural defects on the performance of polymer solar cells.
Ancistrobreveines A–D and related dehydrogenated naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids with antiproliferative activities against leukemia cells, from the West African lianaAncistrocladus abbreviatus
Authors: Fayez Shaimaa , Feineis Doris , Assi Laurent Aké , Seo Ean-Jeong , Efferth Thomas , Bringmann Gerhard
Published: May 2019

Ancistrobreveines A–D belong to the rare group of naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids with a non-hydrogenated isoquinoline portion, some of them, like ancistrobreveine C, occurring in the plants only in a scalemic, yet nearly enantiopure form.
Stabilizing the active phase of iron-based Fischer–Tropsch catalysts for lower olefins: mechanism and strategy
Authors: Zhuo Ou , Yang Lijun , Gao Fujie , Xu Bolian , Wu Qiang , Fan Yining , Zhang Yu , Jiang Yufei , Huang Runsheng , Wang Xizhang , Hu Zheng
Published: May 2019

An iron carbonyl-mediated Ostwald-ripening-like growth mechanism of an FexCyactive phase in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis is firstly revealed byin situmass-spectrometric and theoretical analysis.
Nanosized titanium niobium oxide/carbon electrodes for lithium-ion energy storage applications
Authors: Shim Hwirim , Lim Eunho , Fleischmann Simon , Quade Antje , Tolosa Aura , Presser Volker
Published: May 2019

Nanoscale titanium niobium oxide implementation with appropriate carbon substrates enables good electrochemical performance but requires careful evaluation of the interplay of crystal structure, phase content, and particle morphology.
Droplet manipulation with polarity-dependent low-voltage electrowetting on an open slippery liquid infused porous surface
Authors: He Xiaodong , Zhang Jianfeng , Zhang Xiaoping , Deng Youquan
Published: May 2019

This paper reports an open-loop method for highly efficient and precise droplet manipulation with polarity-dependent low-voltage electrowetting on a perfluorinated silane modified slippery liquid infused porous surface (SLIPS) in which droplets can be driven between individual square electrodes.
Mass production of graphene materials from solid carbon sources using a molecular cracking and welding method
Authors: Yan Qiangu , Li Jinghao , Zhang Xuefeng , Zhang Jilei , Cai Zhiyong
Published: May 2019

A novel process is developed for high-volume production of low-cost graphene materials from any solid carbon resources, especially biomass sources.
Overcoming the energy loss in asymmetrical non-fullerene acceptor-based polymer solar cells by halogenation of polymer donors
Authors: Fan Qunping , Liu Tao , Gao Wei , Xiao Yiqun , Wu Jingnan , Su Wenyan , Guo Xia , Lu Xinhui , Yang Chuluo , Yan He , Zhang Maojie , Li Yongfang
Published: May 2019

PSCs based on polymer donors (PM6 and PM7) and an asymmetrical small molecule acceptor (IDT6CN-M) were developed and achieved a high PCE of 13.3% with a high Voc of over 1.0 V.
Low-temperature electroless synthesis of mesoporous aluminum nanoparticles on graphene for high-performance lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Hongyu , Xia Guanglin , Fang Fang , Sun Dalin , Yu Xuebin
Published: May 2019

A low-temperature electroless synthesis of mesoporous Al nanoparticles on graphene with advanced lithium storage performance.
Highly efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cells using down-shifting quantum dots as a light management layer and moisture-assisted film growth
Authors: Tavakoli Mohammad Mahdi , Dastjerdi Hadi Tavakoli , Prochowicz Daniel , Yadav Pankaj , Tavakoli Rouhollah , Saliba Michael , Fan Zhiyong
Published: May 2019

Down-shifting QDs together with moisture-assisted film growth enable a highly efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cell with efficiency of over 20%.
Modulation of mechanical properties and stable light energy harvesting by poling in polymer integrated perovskite films: a wide range, linear and highly sensitive tactile sensor
Authors: Saraf Rohit , Tsui Ting , Maheshwari Vivek
Published: May 2019

By incorporating polymers both the electrical and mechanical properties of MAPbI3 perovskite films are modulated.
A review on pyrophosphate framework cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Niu Yubin , Zhang Yan , Xu Maowen
Published: May 2019

Recent advances in various pyrophosphates and their diverse modification strategies as well as further horizons have been summarized.
A panchromatic electrochromic device composed of Ru(ii)/Fe(ii)-based heterometallo-supramolecular polymer
Authors: Hsiao Li-Yin , Chang Ting-Hsiang , Lu Hsin-Che , Wang Yen-Chun , Lu Yen-An , Ho Kuo-Chuan , Higuchi Masayoshi
Published: May 2019

A panchromatic electrochromic device composed of PolyRuFe and Prussian blue is proposed in this study and the memory effect of PolyRuFe is improved by the incorporation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
Selective near-infrared (NIR) photodetectors fabricated with colloidal CdS:Co quantum dots
Authors: Maity Piyali , Singh Satya Veer , Biring Sajal , Pal Bhola N. , Ghosh Anup K.
Published: May 2019

Lateral ZnO/CdS:Co heterojunction photodetectors with different doping concentrations of Co2+ show selective NIR sensitivity with a maximum detectivity of 3.1 × 1011 Jones.
Qigesan reduces the motility of esophageal cancer cells via inhibiting Gas6/Axl and NF-κB expression
Authors: Kong Lingyu , Wu Zhongbing , Zhao Yang , Lu Xin , Shi Huijuan , Liu Shugang , Li Jing
Published: May 2019

The present study is mainly to explore the mechanism that how Qigesan (QGS) affects the movement capacity of esophageal cancer (EC) cell. QGS incubates ECA109 and TE1 cell lines and detecting the motility of tumor cells by different experiments. Growth arrest-specific 6 (Gas6) and Anexelekto (Axl) were co-localized, and then detecting Gas6, Axl signaling pathway, and protein expression after QGS intervention. Similarly, Observing the signal localization and protein expression of P-phosphoinositide3-kinases (PI3K), P-AKT protein kinase B (AKT), P-nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9). The results showed that the concentration of QGS was less than 200 ug/ml, and the cultured cells did not exceed 24 h, that no obvious cytotoxicity was observed. QGS significantly inhibited the mobility of ECA109 and TE1 cell lines in the concentration-dependent manner. In addition, QGS can regulate the Gas6/Axl pathway, inhibit the formation and localization of the Gas6/Axl complex, and reduce the protein activation of PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, MMP2, and MMP9. Experimental innovation shows that QGS can significantly slow down the mobility of EC cells by regulating the Gas6/Axl complex and downstream signaling pathways, and provides a theoretical basis for the pharmacological effects of QGS in the therapy of EC.
Hsa_circ_0009361 acts as the sponge of miR-582 to suppress colorectal cancer progression by regulating APC2 expression
Authors: Geng Yiting , Zheng Xiao , Hu Wenwei , Wang Qi , Xu Yanjie , He Wenting , Wu Chen , Zhu Danxia , Wu Changping , Jiang Jingting
Published: May 2019

Circular RNA (circRNA) plays an important role in the development of human malignant tumors. Recently, an increasing number of circRNAs have been identified and investigated in various tumors. However, the expression pattern and biological function of circRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) still remain largely unexplored. In the present study, hsa_circ_0009361 was significantly down-regulated in CRC tissues and cells. Low expression level of hsa_circ_0009361 promoted the proliferation, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, and invasion of CRC cells. Hsa_circ_0009361 was identified as the sponge of miR-582 by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and luciferase reporter assays. Overexpression of hsa_circ_0009361 up-regulated the expression of adenomatous polyposis coli 2 (APC2) and inhibited the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by competitively combining with miR-582. Exogenous miR-582 and APC2 interventions could reverse the multiple biological functions mediated by hsa_circ_0009361 in CRC cells. In vivo experiments also confirmed that hsa_circ_0009361 inhibited the growth and metastasis of CRC. Hsa_circ_0009361 acted as a tumor suppressive sponge of miR-582, which could up-regulate the expression of APC2, inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and suppress the growth and metastasis of CRC. Collectively, the hsa_circ_0009361/miR-582/APC2 network could be employed as a potential therapeutic target for CRC patients.