bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relative multiplicative extended Kalman filter for observable GPS-denied navigation
Authors: Koch Daniel P , Wheeler David O , Beard Randal W , McLain Timothy W , Brink Kevin M
Published: June 2020

This work presents a multiplicative extended Kalman filter (MEKF) for estimating the relative state of a multirotor vehicle operating in a GPS-denied environment. The filter fuses data from an inertial measurement unit and altimeter with relative-pose updates from a keyframe-based visual odometry or laser scan-matching algorithm. Because the global position and heading states of the vehicle are unobservable in the absence of global measurements such as GPS, the filter in this article estimates the state with respect to a local frame that is colocated with the odometry keyframe. As a result, the odometry update provides nearly direct measurements of the relative vehicle pose, making those states observable. Recent publications have rigorously documented the theoretical advantages of such an observable parameterization, including improved consistency, accuracy, and system robustness, and have demonstrated the effectiveness of such an approach during prolonged multirotor flight tests. This article complements this prior work by providing a complete, self-contained, tutorial derivation of the relative MEKF, which has been thoroughly motivated but only briefly described to date. This article presents several improvements and extensions to the filter while clearly defining all quaternion conventions and properties used, including several new useful properties relating to error quaternions and their Euler-angle decomposition. Finally, this article derives the filter both for traditional dynamics defined with respect to an inertial frame, and for robocentric dynamics defined with respect to the vehicle’s body frame, and provides insights into the subtle differences that arise between the two formulations.
Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak via foramen rotundum in a non-obese male presented as pseudo-Chiari malformation type I: a case report and literature review
Authors: Luong Dang Huu , Chen Yen-Chun , Tran Linh Ngoc Tuong , Hung Shih-Han , Ly Quang Xuan
Published: June 2020

Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (sCSF) leak from the skull base has been previously reported, but there are few reports of sCSF leak from the foramen rotundum due to its rare occurrence. This case report describes a 15-year-old male patient that presented with left side watery rhinorrhoea that had been present since he was 4 years of age and a history of repeated bouts of meningitis of unknown cause. A discharge sample from the nose tested positive for beta-2 transferrin. Preoperative computed tomography (CT) revealed a fistula between the cerebellopontine angle and the left sphenoid sinus. There was also a pseudo-Chiari malformation type I with ectopia of the cerebellar tonsil. Endoscopic transnasal surgery identified a leak from the foramen rotundum that was repaired using autologous material and a contralateral pedicle nasoseptal flap. At 6 months after surgery, the patient reported no recurrence of the CSF leakage. Postoperative CT imaging revealed that the cerebellar tonsil was back in the normal position, indicating that the preoperative Chiari malformation was possibly due to decreased CSF volume. This current case shows that a rare case of sCSF leak from the foramen rotundum can be effectively repaired using the endoscopic transnasal approach.
Two cases of septic shock with different outcomes caused by non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae isolates
Authors: Chen Jie , Huang Jian , Huang Meirong , Chen Zehui , Chen Anlin , Yang Jianru , Zhang Tao , Min Xun
Published: June 2020

In recent decades, increasing numbers of human infections have been linked to non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae. Septicemia resulting from non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae infection is rare but has high mortality. The pathogenesis of non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae septicemia is poorly understood. Here, we report two sporadic cases of septicemia following non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae infection from an inland area of China. Patient 1 died rapidly within 24 hours, while patient 2 gradually recovered from septic shock. To explore the reasons for these divergent outcomes, we compared the two cases, tested the antibiotic sensitivity of the two isolates, and investigated their virulence genes and sequence types.
Disciplinary effects of capital accumulation: Exploring the steering and fiscal capacity of the state in Italy and Spain
Authors: Caterina Daniela , Huke Nikolai
Published: June 2020

Calls against austerity have entered the political agenda of very different actors in the political spectrum – from social democratic to right-wing populist parties. In this article, we argue that the main failures in realizing these claims and thus overcoming austerity can hardly be explained only in terms of (lacking) political will. We rather approach this problem complex in the two emblematic cases of Italy and Spain by foregrounding the disciplinary effects of capital accumulation in both the countries through a long-term historical reconstruction of the fiscal and steering capacity of their respective state institutions. Despite key specificities in the respective fragile accumulation regimes, the main findings point to the fact that the structure of accumulation has imposed strong constraints in both Italy and Spain. An unstable and crisis-prone capital accumulation characterized by low productivity, a lack of sectoral diversity, regional fragmentation, as well as high levels of exposure and dependency within variegated capitalism have restricted state capacity – a tendency only ruptured in temporary boom-cycles. This, we argue, entails some major implications, first, to address the present failures of social democratic forces and second, to gauge the concrete transformative potential at the politico-economic level of populist calls for ‘breaking the chains’ of austerity.
Multiple-Case Study of U.S. General Aviation Airports for Operational Sustainability
Authors: Gu Yue , Johnson Mary E.
Published: June 2020

Improving operational sustainability may help U.S. general aviation (GA) airports improve overall sustainable development without substantial financial inputs. An exploratory multiple-case study of five GA airports was conducted to explore the current understandings of airport operational sustainability among U.S. GA airports. Based on findings, a new definition of airport operational sustainability for U.S. GA airports was developed. A set of performance metrics for measuring operational sustainability in U.S. GA airports was identified. The new definition may help GA airports to develop sustainable management plans, and may help airports in other categories to expand their sustainability perspectives. The metrics identified in this study may be used to measure progress to the sustainable development, identify problems, and set performance goals or targets for airports.
Management of COVID-19 Response in a Secure Forensic Mental Health Setting: Réponse à la gestion de la COVID-19 dans un établissement sécurisé de santé mentale et de psychiatrie légale
Authors: Simpson Alexander I. F. , Chatterjee Sumeeta , Darby Padraig , Jones Roland M. , Maheandiran Margaret , Penney Stephanie R. , Saccoccio Tania , Stergiopoulos Vicky , Wilkie Treena
Published: June 2020

Objectives:

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic presents major challenges to places of detention, including secure forensic hospitals. International guidance presents a range of approaches to assist in decreasing the risk of COVID-19 outbreaks as well as responses to manage outbreaks of infection should they occur.

Methods:

We conducted a literature search on pandemic or outbreak management in forensic mental health settings, including gray literature sources, from 2000 to April 2020. We describe the evolution of a COVID-19 outbreak in our own facility, and the design, and staffing of a forensic isolation unit.

Results:

We found a range of useful guidance but no published experience of implementing these approaches. We experienced outbreaks of COVID-19 on two secure forensic units with 13 patients and 10 staff becoming positive. One patient died. The outbreaks lasted for 41 days on each unit from declaration to resolution. We describe the approaches taken to reduction of infection risk, social distancing and changes to the care delivery model.

Conclusions:

Forensic secure settings present major challenges as some proposals for pandemic management such as decarceration or early release are not possible, and facilities may present challenges to achieve sustained social distancing. Assertive testing, cohorting, and isolation units are appropriate responses to these challenges.
Quality of Life Impacts of Bright Light Treatment, Fluoxetine, and the Combination in Patients with Nonseasonal Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Morton Emma , Michalak Erin E. , Levitt Anthony , Levitan Robert D. , Cheung Amy , Morehouse Rachel , Ramasubbu Rajamannar , Yatham Lakshmi N. , Tam Edwin M. , Lam Raymond W.
Published: June 2020

Objective:

Bright light therapy is increasingly recommended (alone or in combination with antidepressant medication) to treat symptoms of nonseasonal major depressive disorder (MDD). However, little is known about its impacts on quality of life (QoL), a holistic, patient-valued outcome.

Methods:

This study utilizes secondary outcome data from an 8-week randomized, controlled, double blind trial comparing light monotherapy ( n = 32), fluoxetine monotherapy ( n = 30), and the combination of these ( n = 27) to placebo ( n = 30). QoL was assessed using the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF). Treatment-related differences in QoL improvements were assessed using a repeated measures analysis of variance. The influence of potential predictors of QoL (demographic variables and change in depressive symptoms) were investigated via hierarchical linear regression.

Results:

Q-LES-Q-SF scores significantly improved across all treatment conditions; however, no significant differences were observed between treatment arms. QoL remained poor relative to community norms by the end of the trial period: Across conditions, 70.6% of participants had significantly impaired QoL at the 8-week assessment. Reduction in depressive scores was a significant predictor of improved QoL, with the final model accounting for 54% of variance in QoL change scores.

Conclusion:

The findings of this study emphasize that improvement in QoL and reduction in depressive symptoms in MDD, while related, cannot be taken to be synonymous. Adjunctive therapies may be required to address unmet QoL needs in patients with MDD receiving antidepressant or light therapies. Further research is required to explore additional predictors of QoL in order to better refine treatments for MDD.
Varieties of Precarity: How Insecure Work Manifests Itself, Affects Well-Being, and Is Shaped by Social Welfare Institutions and Labor Market Policies
Authors: Inanc Hande
Published: June 2020

Precarious Lives addresses one of the most important developments in employment relations in the neoliberal era: increase in labor precarity and the subsequent decline in employee well-being. Drawing on data on social welfare institutions and labor market policies in six rich democracies, the author shows that work is less precarious, and workers are happier, when institutions and policies provide job protection, and put in place support systems to buffer job loss.
The God who Condescends: Leadership in the Gospel of John
Authors: Sierra Lauren K.
Published: June 2020

In accordance with its etymology, the Oxford English Dictionary defines “condescend” as follows: “to stoop voluntarily and graciously.” In the Gospel of John, Jesus leads by condescending physically, mentally, emotionally, culturally, and socially; the Son of God stoops into human history so that others “may believe that Jesus is the Christ” and “have life in his name” (20:31). And, because Christians are to embody the life of Christ, they, too, should lead by condescension.
How Product Type and Organic Label Structure Combine to Influence Consumers’ Evaluations of Organic Foods
Authors: Parker Jeffrey R. , Paul Iman , Hamilton Ryan , Rodriguez-Vila Omar , Bharadwaj Sundar G.
Published: June 2020

This research finds that how a firm conveys a food’s organic nature through an organic label impacts consumers’ evaluation of that food. Consistent with previous research, adding organic labels to foods is detrimental to evaluations of vice (but not virtue) foods, but simple changes to the structure of the organic label attenuate the negative effect of such labels on evaluations of vice foods. Specifically, whereas product-level organic labels (e.g., “organic burrito”) result in lower evaluations of vice foods, ingredient-level organic labels (e.g., “burrito with all organic ingredients”) do not. No effect of organic label structure is found for virtue foods. The authors draw on theories of feature-based categorical typicality and fluency to suggest one psychological process by which organic label structure can impact consumers’ evaluations of vice foods.
Serum cytokine profile during subcutaneous implantation of the decellularized esophagus matrix in rats
Authors: Melkonyan Karina , Nakokhov Ramazan , Rusinova Tatyana , Yutskevich Yana , Bykov Ilya , Redko Andrey , Alekseenko Sergey
Published: June 2020

Aim

to study non-specific immune response characteristics (serum cytokine profile) in rats after subcutaneous implantation of the decellularized esophagus matrix.

Methods

Data were obtained in Wistar rats. The rats underwent subcutaneous implantation of decellularized esophagus (DE) and native allogeneic esophagus (NE). Explantation of sampling were carried out on the 7th, 14th and 21st day of the experiment. Explanted NEs and DEs were processed for histologic examination. The content of IL1α, IL2, IL4, IL17А, TNFα, IFNγ and GM-CSF in serum samples were tested by ELISA.

Results

In rat serum with DEs on the 7th day of the experiment it was significant increase in IL1α level in comparison with control group, IL2, TNFα, IL4 levels did not differ from the control group levels that indicates the stabilization of inflammation. The content of IL17A, IFNγ and GM-CSF significantly decreased compared to control. On the 14th day, IL17A concentration analysis showed a sharp decrease in comparison with the the 7th experimental day. We found decrease in IL1α level vs control group and decrease in IFNγ level vs 7th day. On the 21st experimental day was shown a significant decrease in the IL17A, IFNγ and IL1α content in DE rats.

Conclusions

It was found dynamic change in studied rat cytokine concentrations that correspond to favourable clinical picture in DE group in comparison with an active inflammatory reaction in NE group. IL1α, IL4, IL17A and IFNγ concentrations reflect positive dynamics of the wound healing process and the absence of local inflammation and rejection of decellularized matrices.
Hollow cathode plasma nitriding of medical grade Ti6Al4V: A comprehensive study
Authors: Fontoura Cristian Padilha , Rodrigues Melissa Machado , Garcia Charlene Silvestrin Celi , dos Santos Souza Klester , Henriques João Antonio Pêgas , Zorzi Janete Eunice , Roesch-Ely Mariana , Aguzzoli Cesar
Published: June 2020

Ti6Al4V used in biomedical applications still has several surface-related problems, such as poor bone compatibility and low wear resistance. In this work, the formation of a protective layer of titanium nitride obtained by plasma treatment in hollow cathode was studied, and the best experimental conditions were verified by a statistical factorial design of experiments. The samples were characterized in terms of their physical and chemical properties, correlating the effects of time (min) and temperature (°C). An achieved ideal condition was further analysed in terms of in vitro cytotoxicity, micro-abrasion, and electrochemical properties. The carried-out assessment has shown that nitrided condition has an improvement in wettability, microhardness, along with TixNy formation and roughness increment, when compared to pristine condition.
Neighborhood Disorder, Social Ties, and Preventive Healthcare Utilization among Urban-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Latham-Mintus Kenzie , Vowels Ashley , Chavan Swapnali
Published: June 2020

Objectives: This research examines whether perceived neighborhood disorder influences the use of preventive healthcare services (i.e. influenza vaccine, pneumonia vaccine, cholesterol screening, colonoscopy, and dental care) by older adults and whether social ties buffer the potential adverse effects of perceived neighborhood disorder. Methods: Using data from the 2012 wave of the Health and Retirement Study, binary logistic regression was used to generate odds ratio estimates of preventive healthcare use in the past 2 years. Results: We find that greater levels of neighborhood disorder were associated with fewer dental care visits net of social and health factors. Regular participation in four or more social activities was associated with decreased odds of restricted use and increased odds of receiving a pneumonia vaccine and colonoscopy. Discussion: This research provides evidence that perceived neighborhood disorder may act as a barrier for specific preventive healthcare services and highlights the need for targeted intervention.
Trends in the Mortality Risk of Living Alone during Old Age in Sweden, 1992–2011
Authors: Shaw Benjamin A. , Dahlberg Lena , Nilsen Charlotta , Agahi Neda
Published: June 2020

Objectives: This study investigates the association between living alone and mortality over a recent 19-year period (1992–2011). Method: Data from a repeated cross-sectional, nationally representative (Sweden) study of adults ages 77 and older are analyzed in relation to 3-year mortality. Results: Findings suggest that the mortality risk associated with living alone during old age increased between 1992 and 2011 ( p = .076). A small increase in the mean age of those living alone is partly responsible for the strengthening over time of this association. Throughout this time period, older adults living alone consistently reported poorer mobility and psychological health, less financial security, fewer social contacts, and more loneliness than older adults living with others. Discussion: Older adults living alone are more vulnerable than those living with others, and their mortality risk has increased. They may have unique service needs that should be considered in policies aiming to support aging in place.
Mechanics of delamination-free drilling in polymer matrix composite laminates: A review
Authors: Thakur Anurag , Pal Singh Amrinder , Sharma Manu
Published: June 2020

There is a critical limit of thrust force during drilling operation in a composite laminate below which no delamination takes place, which is known as the “critical thrust force”. In this paper, various critical thrust force models have been discussed in detail for circular- and elliptical-shaped delaminations around the drilled hole. Critical thrust force models for circular-shaped delamination for isotropic composite laminates and anisotropic composite laminates for different loadings like point load, uniformly distributed load, triangular load, and their combinations using different drill geometries have been discussed. With elliptical-shaped delamination, critical thrust force models for anisotropic composite laminates are discussed for: point load, uniformly distributed load, combined point plus distributed load, and point load for antisymmetric composite laminates. At several locations, graphs have been created to illustrate the dependence of various parameters on the critical thrust force. These graphs will be of use for practising engineers while selecting tool or/and machining parameters during drilling of polymer matrix composites. A tool designer can get good insight from these graphs while designing an optimal drilling tool. The paper highlights the importance of load distribution across the drill causing deflection leading to damage due to delamination in composite laminates. Special drill geometries help in better distribution of thrust forces towards periphery and improve the critical thrust force for the prevention of damage due to delamination during drilling in composite laminates.
Analysis of fluid and solid interaction of the flexible bionic wing in ground effect
Authors: Zhu Zi-hang , Cao Mao-sen , Xin Zhi-qiang , Li Tao
Published: June 2020

Animals can obtain excellent locomotion performance as they swim or fly under ground effect in nature. Inspired by this, fluid mechanisms of the flexible bionic wing oscillating and gliding in ground effect are investigated by fluid–solid interaction simulation in this study, respectively. For the oscillation motion, the flexible wing vertically moves up and down at different distances from the ground. Different parameters such as the average height from the ground, oscillation frequency of the flexible bionic wing, and airfoil flexibility are considered in the simulation. At the same time, the gliding motion of the flexible wing in the ground effect is also studied, compared with the oscillation motion. Several simulations are set for different parameters. The characteristics of the force and deformation of the flexible wing and the flow field around the flexible wing are analyzed in depth. The effects of different flexibilities on the force characteristics of oscillation and gliding motion are obtained. The results show that the influence of flexibility on the lift and drag force is different. Optimal motion performance can be achieved within a certain range of flexibility. The ground effect features of the flexible bionic wing with different locomotion modes are acquired.
WEDM microdrilling of 316 L stainless steel orthopedic implant
Authors: Sahu AK , Pattanayak S , Panda S
Published: June 2020

The development in manufacturing has insisted upon the fabrication of microdrilled holes on orthopedic implants, with finished side wall (devoid of cracks and burr), thin recast layer, low taper, and improved circularity at entry and exit of the hole. In this study, therefore, a multiobjective optimization of wire electric discharge machining microdrilling response characteristics is addressed in order to improve the hole quality characteristics and viability of implants. To improve the quality characteristics of the hole, a hybrid statistical analysis is developed based on grey relational analysis and coefficient of variation. It identifies the key process parameters that are responsible for improving the quality of the hole. The parametric study also reveals that wire feed rate and servo feed rate have a striking effect on the quality of the hole. An important implication of this study is that a thin recast layer, improved entry and exit circularity, adequate taper were observed under optimum drilling condition.
A tool path generation method for quasi-intermittent vibration assisted swing cutting
Authors: Zhu Zhimin , Lu Mingming , Lin Jieqiong , Zhou Jiakang , Yi Allen , Zhuang Xulong
Published: June 2020

During the machining of freeform surfaces, the tool path will directly affect the machining accuracy of the surface, the execution of each axis of the machine tool, and the machining efficiency. Therefore, tool path planning is a very critical link in all types of diamond turning processes. In this paper, a new tool path generation strategy is proposed for machining freeform surfaces by quasi-intermittent vibration assisted swing cutting (QVASC) method. Due to the unique tool swing motion law of QVASC, the effective central angle of tool nose arc participating in the cutting is a parameter that is ignored by traditional cutting and is considered. This makes the generation of tool trajectories, tool geometry selection and freeform surfaces very different from traditional diamond cutting. According to the principle of QVASC, the tool parameters are analysed, and the tool position is designed in the cylindrical coordinate system. Interpolation was then performed by the Hermite spline interpolation theorem. The application of this strategy is discussed, and the sinusoidal surface, sinusoidal mesh surface and toric surface are taken as examples to simulate. The simulation succeeded in obtaining the tool path corresponding to the three curved surfaces processed by the QVASC method. The results prove that the tool trajectory generation strategy proposed in this paper is feasible. The proposed tool path generation strategy can provide a new reference for future freeform surfaces processing.
Characteristics of wind power generation in Jeju Island
Authors: Baatarbileg Ankhzaya , Ko Hyukjoo , Otgongerel Zulmandakh , Lee Gaemyoung
Published: June 2020

Jeju Island has implemented “Carbon-Free Island, Jeju by 2030” plan since 2012. The main means to realize it to be a carbon-free region is penetration of electric vehicles and renewable energies. In this paper, we summarized status and characteristics of Jeju Island’s wind power generation and confirmed change of wind resource in the island according to climate change. The yearly averaged wind speed decreased by 0.05 m/s rate over the last 17 years. A new wind resource map for Jeju Island was suggested and was produced by using the economic method that uses freely the weather data measured by the meteorological office. We were able to increase the exactness of the map by using the real weather data of so many locations obtained from the 37 automatic weather measuring systems instead of artificial satellite weather data.
Systemic lupus erythematosus, lupus nephritis and end-stage renal disease: a pragmatic review mapping disease severity and progression
Authors: Mahajan Anadi , Amelio Justyna , Gairy Kerry , Kaur Gavneet , Levy Roger A , Roth David , Bass Damon
Published: June 2020

Objective

The understanding of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis (LN) pathogenesis remains incomplete. This review assessed LN development in SLE, within-LN progression and progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Methods

A keyword-based literature search was conducted, and 26 publications were included.

Results

Overall, 7–31% of patients had LN at SLE diagnosis; 31–48% developed LN after SLE diagnosis, most within 5 years. Class IV was the most commonly found LN class and had the worst prognosis. Histological transformation occurred in 40–76% of patients, more frequently from non-proliferative rather than proliferative lesions. Cumulative 5- and 10-year ESRD incidences in patients with SLE were 3% and 4%, respectively, and 3–11% and 6–19%, respectively, in patients with SLE and LN.

Conclusions

Elevated serum creatinine was identified as a predictor of worsening disease state, and progression within LN classes and from SLE/LN to ESRD. This review highlights the substantial risk for developing LN and progressing to ESRD amongst patients with SLE.
Malaysian Regulative Institutional Context Moderating Entrepreneurs’ Export Intention
Authors: Looi Kim Hoe , Klobas Jane E.
Published: June 2020

Entrepreneurship is a multi-level phenomenon and it is important to investigate how antecedents at different levels interact to determine outcomes. Using multi-level contextualisation, this article examines how a country’s regulative institutional context affects small- and mediumsized entrepreneurs’ (SME) export intention. Institutional theory provides a lens for understanding how macro-level policy that supports one group of firms creates different micro-level contexts for decision-making. The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) provides a framework for comparing antecedents of export intention in different micro-level contexts. Data were gathered from 243 Malaysian SME entrepreneurs: 108 ethnic Malays (eligible for institutional support) and 135 ethnic Chinese (ineligible). Partial least squares estimated effects of antecedents on intention and multi-group analysis tested for differences between the path coefficients of ethnic Malay and ethnic Chinese SME entrepreneurs. Malaysia’s affirmative policy moderated decision-making process: ethnic Malay SME entrepreneurs are motivated to export by perceived control of actions and positive attitude; their Chinese counterparts are motivated to export by attitude alone. The findings suggest that desirability (attitude) and feasibility (perceived behavioural control) jointly predict SME entrepreneurs’ export intention in a munificent context, whereas desirability is the sole predictor in a penurious context.
Clinical Profiling of a Bilingual Client with Anomic Aphasia
Authors: Nikitha M. , Darshan H. S. , Abhishek B. P. , Goswami S. P.
Published: June 2020

Background:

Aphasia is an acquired condition affecting auditory comprehension, verbal expression, reading, writing and word-finding abilities along with sensory-motor impairments. Anomia refers to difficulty in word retrieval or naming which is seen irrespective of the type of aphasia. However, if a patient shows word-finding difficulty, in specific, a diagnosis of Anomic aphasia is made. There are variations within anomic aphasia on which the management and recovery depend. The article provides one such case report.

Purpose:

Speech and language profiling in anomic aphasia, specific treatment strategies, the effect of bilingualism on recovery.

Methods:

Mr S, a 38-year-old bilingual male reported 5 months post-stroke with difficulty in expressing, difficulty in writing and weakness in the right side of the body. Medical history was checked and speech and language evaluations including both formal and informal assessments were performed. After this, a diagnosis of Anomic aphasia with mild dysarthria was made. An appropriate speech–language therapeutic plan and specific activities were formulated for Mr S in his first language (L1) and he was given a therapy for a span of 3 months. A follow-up evaluation in both first and second language of the patient yielded differential recovery patterns.

Results:

The diagnosis was affected by different variants of anomic aphasia; treatment was specific to the clinical profiling and followed life-participation approach of aphasia. The recovery was affected by differential recovery patterns between the languages.

Discussion:

Factors pertaining to diagnosis, recovery, bilingualism and treatment of the client with anomic aphasia are discussed.
Searching for Larger Status in Global Politics: Internationalization of Higher Education in Turkey
Authors: Aydinli Ersel , Mathews Julie
Published: June 2020

This work explores how a country’s political status may impact its soft power policies, such as internationalization of higher education, through an examination of the Turkish case. Based on a survey of and subsequent interviews with actual implementers of policy, university international office heads and staff, the study draws on the theory of “status inconsistency” to contrast the country’s willingness to internationalize, its attributed status as a global magnet for internationalization, and its actual capacity to meet its internationalization goals. It finds that the politicized, top-down policies designed by a status-seeking nation may lead to disconnects in practice that in turn can cause various problems, including misguided “vertical” loyalties; failure to design creative, needs-based institutional visions; and a lack of genuine feedback and evaluation mechanisms, all of which may inadvertently put at risk the very status that was seeking to be improved. Recommendations are made for greater sharing of ideas among the implementers and for more diversity in interpretations of how to achieve internationalization at the institutional level.
How careers advice and guidance can facilitate career development in technical, vocational education, and training graduates: The case in Nigeria
Authors: Okolie Ugochukwu Chinonso , Nwajiuba Chinyere A , Binuomote Michael Olayinka , Osuji Catherine U , Onajite Godwin Onnon , Igwe Paul Agu
Published: June 2020

This study examined the current state of careers advice, guidance, and counselling (CAGC) services and programmes in the technical, vocational education, and training (TVET) system of Nigerian higher education institutions (HEIs). This was to determine how well current CAGC services and programmes foster students’ career development, aspirations, and choices. Forty-eight participants, who were members of the Nigerian National Board for Technical Education (8 participants), guidance counsellors (6), university TVET teachers (18), career experts from the National Directorate of Employment (7), and newly employed TVET graduates (9), volunteered for the study. A purposeful sampling procedure was adopted to recruit participants. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview approach, and we employed a thematic design for the coding and analysis of the transcribed data. The study found no CAGC services and programmes in the TVET system. It is recommended, therefore, that TVET systems should focus on providing career development enhanced learning rather than schooling only by revising the curriculum to include programmes and activities that promote CAGC activities and programmes.
A critical exploration of university policy supporting the employment and career development of people with disability in the Australian academy
Authors: Mellifont Damian
Published: June 2020

Policymakers are challenged to advance diversity and inclusion throughout the Australian academy. Informing this issue, this study aims to (a) identify proportions of staff in Australian universities that are publicly reported as being represented by persons with disability; (b) identify categories of actions supporting the employment and career development of people with lived experience as reported within Australian university plans and (c) critically examine contemporary policy efforts of Australian universities by exploring the scholarly evidence base for measures with potential to support disability recruitment and advancement in the academy. The study is informed by thematic analysis as applied to 17 action plans retrieved from an internet search and 7 scholarly articles obtained from Scopus, ProQuest Central and ProQuest Social Science databases. This research offers policymakers a preliminary guide containing good practice features that they should consider when designing and developing policy endeavouring to increase the representation and advancement of persons with disability in staff at Australian universities.
Improving career wellbeing for first-time expectant mothers
Authors: Chen Charles P , Morris Lindsay
Published: June 2020

Within the diverse population of working women, those who experience pregnancy for the first time may face some particular challenges when it comes to their career development needs and issues. These include discrimination in the workplace, responding to social expectations and pressures, negotiating life roles, and evolving personal identities. This article discusses the major career problems encountered by this target group, both structurally and socially, with a focus on individual strategies to access personal agentic functioning and empower women facing these challenges. These workers are often overlooked in the career literature; yet, there is a range of career theories to draw upon to assist them in their needs. The application of the life-span, life-space career theory, and the narrative therapy approaches are explored in relation to the helping process. These two theoretical orientations were chosen as they address the particular challenges faced by pregnant women in the workplace, especially around negotiating life roles and an evolving personal identity. There is a need for a stronger understanding of these challenges and opportunities to support pregnant women as they seek vocational wellbeing, and how to tailor suitable, well-established career counselling strategies to meet their unique needs.
Effectiveness of a school-to-work transition skills program in a collectivist culture
Authors: Kepir Sávoly Dursun Didem , Tuzgol Dost Meliha
Published: June 2020

This study examined the effectiveness of a school-to-work transition skills program on the career adaptability and career optimism of senior year university students in Turkey. For this purpose, a career intervention program was adapted from one developed in the USA. Results indicated that participants in the intervention group (N = 16) had higher career adaptability and career optimism after the program, and their scores were higher than the control group (N = 16). The effectiveness of the program was confirmed by a follow-up test three months later. This study also discusses the theoretical and practical implications of career interventions in relation to the relevant literature.
A creative method for career supervision: Therapeutic associative cards
Authors: Karacan Ozdemir Nurten
Published: June 2020

This article proposes the use of therapeutic associative cards in career supervision. Associative therapeutic cards, as a stimulus material, can be used to elicit thoughts and feelings and to encourage communication with trainees. The aim of the study is to suggest and evaluate new and creative ways of closing the gap between theory and practice by demonstrating a possible implementation of associative therapeutic cards in career supervision. A scenario-based example is provided to illustrate how these cards could be used in the process. In addition, future recommendations, caveats, and the limitations of using therapeutic associative cards in career supervision are highlighted in order to shape the agenda of future research in validating such instruments using evidence-based studies.
Oronasal Fistula Risk After Palate Repair
Authors: Pollard Sarah Hatch , Skirko Jonathan R. , Dance Dallin , Reinemer Hans , Yamashiro Duane , Lyon Natalee F. , Collingridge Dave S.
Published: June 2020

Objective:

To assess risk factors for oronasal fistula, including 2-stage palate repair.

Design:

Retrospective analysis.

Setting:

Tertiary children’s hospital.

Patients:

Patients with non-submucosal cleft palate whose entire cleft repair was completed at the study hospital between 2005 and 2013 with postsurgical follow-up.

Interventions:

Hierarchical binary logistic regression assessed predictive value of variables for fistula. Variables tested for inclusion were 2 stage repair, Veau classification, sex, age at surgery 1, age at surgery 2, surgeon volume, surgeon, insurance status, socioeconomic status, and syndrome. Variables were added to the model in order of significance and retained if significant at a .05 level.

Main Outcome Measure:

Postoperative fistula.

Results:

Of 584 palate repairs, 505 (87%) had follow-up, with an overall fistula rate of 10.1% (n = 51). Among single-stage repairs (n = 211), the fistula rate was 6.7%; it was 12.6% in 2-stage repairs (n = 294, P = .03). In the final model utilizing both single-stage and 2-stage patient data, significant predictors of fistula were 2-stage repair (odds ratio [OR]: 2.5, P = .012), surgeon volume, and surgeon. When examining only single-stage patients, higher surgeon volume was protective against fistula. In the model examining 2-stage patients, surgeon and age at hard palate repair were significant; older age at hard palate closure was protective for fistula, with an OR of 0.82 ( P = .046) for each additional 6 months in age at repair.

Conclusions:

Two-stage surgery, surgeon, and surgeon volume were significant predictors of fistula occurrence in all children, and older age at hard palate repair was protective in those with 2-stage repair.
Optimal parallel-distributed-compensation controller design for a class of time-varying Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model–based time-delay systems by using the orthogonal function approach–assisted genetic algorithm
Authors: Chou Fu-I , Hsu Ming-Ren , Ho Wen-Hsien
Published: June 2020

This study proposes a method of designing quadratic optimal fuzzy parallel-distributed-compensation controllers for a class of time-varying Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model–based time-delay control systems used to solve the finite-horizon optimal control problem. The proposed method fuses the orthogonal function approach and the improved hybrid Taguchi-genetic algorithm. The Taguchi-genetic algorithm only requires algebraic computation to perform the algorithm used to solve time-varying Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model–based time-delay feedback dynamic equations. The fuzzy parallel-distributed-compensation controller design problem is simplified by using the Taguchi-genetic algorithm to transform the static parameter optimization problem into an algebraic equation. The static optimization problem can then be solved easily by using the improved hybrid Taguchi-genetic algorithm to find the quadratic optimal parallel-distributed-compensation controllers of the time-varying Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model–based time-delay control systems. The applicability of the proposed integrative method is demonstrated in a real-world design problem.
Robust model predictive control of heterogeneous time-delay multi-agent systems with polytopic uncertainties and input amplitude constraints
Authors: Rahimi Nahid , Binazadeh Tahereh
Published: June 2020

This article studies the robust model predictive control of heterogeneous multi-agent systems with polytopic uncertainties and time delay. Moreover, some constraints on the amplitude of the control inputs are considered for each agent. The proposed distributed controllers are designed as state feedback. The goal is to design the feedback gains such that the multiagent system achieves consensus in the presence of time-delay and model uncertainties. For this purpose, an optimization problem is proposed, and by using the constrained robust model predictive control and the appropriate Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional, sufficient conditions are obtained to solve the optimization problem through solving the linear matrix inequalities. In this regard, a theorem is presented, and it is proved that the consensus errors converge to zero. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated using numerical simulations.
Semiactive dynamic model of the rail track–vehicle system to reduce the vertical contact force interaction using magnetorheological dampers
Authors: Mousavi Seiyed Hamid
Published: June 2020

In the current research, a semiactive suspension system is presented as a railway vehicle to investigate the rail track–vehicle interaction using magnetorheological dampers. For this purpose, a dynamic model of a railway vehicle is introduced, based on the integrated magnetorheological dampers, to reduce the vertical interaction of the rail track and the vehicle system. The model includes a railway vehicle with 10 degrees of freedom and the track with six coupled subsystems via the nonlinear Hertz contact mechanism. To verify the proposed model, a test data which is reported in the literature is used, and then the rail track–vehicle interaction of the semiactive system is compared with the passive system. The results show that the semiactive system could significantly reduce the interaction.
Child Sexual Abuse and Risk of Revictimization: Impact of Child Demographics, Sexual Abuse Characteristics, and Psychiatric Disorders
Authors: Papalia Nina , Mann Emily , Ogloff James R. P.
Published: June 2020

Approximately half of child sexual abuse (CSA) victims report sexual revictimization later in life; however, there is limited rigorous evidence concerning factors contributing to sexual and nonsexual forms of revictimization. This article investigates the relationships between CSA and a range of revictimization experiences. It also examines the role of other individual-level factors (demographics, CSA characteristics, psychiatric disorders) in the risk of revictimization. The study compares data from a prospective-longitudinal study of 2,759 Australian children (<17 years old) alleged to have experienced contact–CSA between 1964 and 1995, and a comparison group matched on sex and age. In each case, CSA was deemed likely to have occurred according to expert forensic medical opinion. Abused children and comparisons were followed to age 35 years on average, and their lifetime official crime victimization histories and public mental health service records were extracted from statewide population-level administrative databases. Relative to comparisons, CSA victims experienced significantly higher rates of revictimization, with marked elevations in odds for interpersonal revictimization (i.e., sexual assault, physical assault, threats of violence, and stalking). The CSA–physical assault relationship was moderated by sex, with a stronger association for female victims. Among CSA victims, victim sex, age at index abuse, and several psychiatric diagnostic categories were independently associated with revictimization risk, with different patterns of vulnerability emerging depending on the nature of revictimization. Overall, CSA victims are vulnerable to a range of revictimization experiences later in life. Findings have implications for the identification of particular groups of sexually abused children at heightened risk for revictimization and the role mental health services may play in mitigating risk.
Therapeutic Achievements of a Program Based on Drama Therapy, the Theater of the Oppressed, and Psychodrama With Women Victims of Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Mondolfi Miguel Maria L. , Pino-Juste Margarita
Published: June 2020

This case study aims to determine the efficacy of a program based on drama therapy, theater of the oppressed, and psychodrama to reduce psychological malaise (post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD], depression, anxiety) and sexist stereotypes, and improve self-esteem, quality of life, life purpose, and communication skills in women victims of intimate partner violence. A pretest and a posttest were administered to a single group using psychometric instruments; in addition, an evaluation of the process was done using participatory observation. Findings show a statistically significant reduction of depression and increase in life purpose. Qualitative analyses suggest development of personal and social competencies and the elaboration of trauma.
Asymptotic behavior of the solution of an axisymmetric problem of elasticity theory for a sphere with variable elasticity modules
Authors: Akhmedov Natiq K , Gasanova Natavan S
Published: June 2020

In the paper the axisymmetric problem of elasticity theory is studied for the radially inhomogeneous sphere of small thickness that does not contain any of the poles 0 and [Formula: see text]. Here the case is considered when the elasticity modules vary linearly with respect to the radius. It is assumed that the lateral surface of the sphere is free of stresses, and at the ends of the sphere (at the conical sections) the stresses are set, leaving it in equilibrium. A characteristic equation is obtained and, based on its asymptotic analysis, the existence of three groups of roots is established with respect to the small parameter characterizing the thickness of the sphere. The corresponding homogeneous solutions are constructed, depending on the roots of the characteristic equation. It is shown that the penetrating solution corresponds to the first group of roots. The second group of roots corresponds to the solution of the edge effect type, similar to the edge effect in the applied theory of shells. The third group of roots corresponds to the boundary layer type solution localized in the conical sections. The solution corresponding to the first and second groups of roots determines the internal stress–strain state of the sphere. In the first term of the asymptotic, they can be considered as a solution in the applied theory of shells. The question of satisfying the boundary conditions at the ends (on the conical sections) of the sphere is considered using the variational Lagrange principle.