bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efeitos da pandemia da COVID-19 no Value Relevance do relatório contábilfinanceiro: uma análise das empresas listadas na B³
Authors: Raiol Paula Chiara , De Araujo Bernardo dos Santos Isabela , Ferreira de Oliveira Atelmo , Luiz Rezende Mól Anderson
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Analisar os impactos da pandemia da Covid-19 no value relevance do relatório contábilfinanceiro das empresas listadas na B³.

Método: Foram analisadas 69 empresas de diversos setores do mercado brasileiro nos anos de 2019 (pré-pandemia) e 2020 (pandemia). Como modelo econométrico, utilizou-se o modelo de Barth et al. (2008) e para a análise dos dados optou-se pela regressão quantílica no intuito de contornar a presença de outliers e também, para observar o comportamento dos dados em pontos específicos da amostra devido a sua heterogeneidade.

Originalidade/Relevância: A pandemia da Covid-19 ocasionou uma crise em diversos setores da sociedade, impactando diretamente a economia devido às medidas de contenção de propagação do coronavírus. E em momentos de crise financeira, estudos anteriores indicam que há uma perda do value relevance da informação contábil.

Resultados: A pandemia da Covid-19 não diminuiu a relevância da informação contábil das empresas listadas na B³. O lucro por ação e o valor patrimonial da ação não obtiveram significância estatística em todos os quantis. O mesmo comportamento não aconteceu com o retorno das ações, pois, no período pré-pandemia apresentou significância em todos os quantis, e no período de pandemia apenas não foi significante no quantil 10. Desta maneira, o estudo não constatou que houve modificação no value relevance da informação contábil diante da crise ocasionada pela pandemia da Covid-19, porque não houve diferença estatística entre os períodos.

Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas/práticas: O estudo contribuiu para o avanço da pesquisa na área de contabilidade e finanças ao investigar as relações entre as crises financeiras com o value relevance do relatório contábil-financeiro de empresas brasileiras de capital aberto.
Manufacturing Method and Characteristics of Nanocopper Fiber Yarn
Authors: Lee Jin De , Qiu Jun Xiong , Hung Jung Chou , Lee Shing Shun , Su Liang Cheng , Lee Wei Hao
Published: February 2024

In this study, several samples of nanocopper fiber fabrics with different proportions of copper content were used. Among them, black copper antibacterial staple Polyamide fiber (PA) and 6 wt.% copper antibacterial fabric were selected. Positron emission tomography (PET) and other fabrics containing nanocopper components were used as experimental control samples. In the process, a raw material containing blending slurry, a nanometal solution, several inorganic particles, and thermoplastic polyurethane colloidal particles were used. The raw material was mixed and stirred before being dried and hot-melted. In the first stage of the process, the wire was cooled vigorously for conversion into the second stage form where it became a final product, a nanocopper fiber yarn. Taguchi analysis was used to compare the antibacterial property of the nanocopper powder between different particle sizes under the same distribution, weight, and fiber granulation characteristics. Two bacterial species, specifically Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, were used to investigate the antibacterial property of the fabric. In addition, we investigated the mechanical properties of the fabric and observed its surface structure. The copper content in the nanocopper fiber fabrics was detected using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. This finding indicate that the samples contained copper antibacterial components fabrics. Subsequently, the uniformity and aggregation degree of the copper distribution on the fiber fabrics were compared between different fiber polyester materials.
Optimized Ilmenite Leachate by Wet Mechanical Activation for the Synthesis of TiO2 Nanoparticles through Sulfate Route
Authors: Maulana Fakhri Akbar , Yuwono Akhmad Herman , Sofyan Nofrijon , Dhaneswara Donanta , Septiningrum Fairuz , Nurhidayah Eka , Noviyanto Alfian , Dioktyanto Mudzakir
Published: February 2024

The extraction of ilmenite minerals using the sulfate route is one of the commercial methods for producing titanium dioxide (TiO2) materials. The sulfate process requires a high concentration of sulfuric acid to achieve high extraction yield of titanium. However, this process also results in the generation of high amounts of sulfuric acid waste. Modifying ilmenite minerals is thought to be one of approaches in reducing the consumption of highly concentrated sulfuric acid. In the current study, we investigated the effect of the ilmenite-to-water mass ratio (ITWR) on the wet-ball milling process to enhance the dissolution of titanium from the ilmenite mineral. The results revealed that increasing the water amount from 10 to 70% wt has decreased the particle size from 167.60 to 0.55 μm and increased the titanium yield from 479.36 to 1228.89 ppm. On the basis of investigation, it was shown there is a significant relationship between the ilmenite-to-water mass ratio and titanium dissolution, highlighting the importance of an optimal ratio for achieving maximum dissolving yield. The obtained TiO2 nanoparticles provide the average crystallite size of 4.16 nm, with rutile and anatase phase, and spherical morphology.
The Formation of C-S Coatings by Electrospark Alloying with the Use Special Process Media
Authors: Haponova Oksana , Tarelnyk Viacheslav , Tarelnyk Nataliia , Kurp Piotr
Published: February 2024

The paper presents an analysis of technologies for improving the quality parameters of the surface layers of parts, which were carried out by the method of electrospark alloying (ESA) and by additional saturation of surfaces with alloying elements from special process media (STM). The technology of sulfocementation was considered. Metallographic and hardness tests after sulfocementation by ESA showed that the treated surface consists of layers: "soft", hardened and base metal. As the discharge energy increases, the thickness, microhardness and integrity of the coating increase. The presence of sulfur in STM promotes the sulfidation process. It is shown that sulfur accumulates on the surface of the metal at a depth of up to 30 μm. This zone is characterized by reduced microhardness. A strengthened layer is formed under this layer, it has an increased carbon content and high microhardness.
Corrosion Control and its Application in Marine Environment - A Review
Authors: Lawal Sunday Lukeman , Afolalu Sunday  Adeniran , Jen Tien Chien , Akinlabi Esther Titilayo
Published: February 2024

It is natural to define marine corrosion in terms of the different zones in which the corrosion occurs such as atmosphere splash, tidal and sea mud etc. However, this study focused on issues affecting the marine structures, different types of corrosion and their impact on the marine steel structures as well as the machinery/equipment. Furthermore, several control measures of corrosion necessary to avert corrosion in marine environments were discussed. However, it was established that prolonged contact of marine structures with seawater would lead to corrosion as well as ruing the safety elements present. Thus, the study provides potential information to material scientists on the need for using structural steels of adequate mechanical properties.
Synthesis of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles for Fabric Coating and its Antibacterial Activities
Authors: Yusop Hartina Mohd , Wan Ismail Wan Norfazilah , Zulkifli Noreen Farzuhana , Tajuddin Saiful Nizam
Published: February 2024

Conceptually, the present work leads to the synthesis of magnesium nanoparticles (MgO NPs) using pomegranate (Punica granatum L) rind extract for antibacterial fabric coating. The antibacterial performance of MgO NPs on cotton, polyester and blend wool types of fabric was evaluated towards three species of gram-positive bacteria; Staphylococcus epidermidis, Brevibacterium linens and Cutibacteriumacnes. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed the successful of sol-gel synthesis process with the presence of flavonoid compounds in MgO NPs solution. The breaking load test was run for all fabric samples, while for tearing strength test, it was carried out only for cotton and polyester fabrics. Air permeability test device was used to determine the air permeability of all fabric samples to ensure the ventilation of the fabrics after coating process. The MgO NPs produced from sol-gel synthesis method established a good antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria in all types of fabric samples.
Fabrication of Hybrid Micro/Nano Structures on Titanium by Vector Femtosecond Laser Beam
Authors: Jhu Siou Jhun , Liu Yi Hsien , Cheng Chung Wei
Published: February 2024

The morphology of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) and micro/nanostructures may be influenced by laser optics or process parameters. This study focused on two beam profiles, Gaussian and vector beams. Vector beam is an annular beam with a null intensity at its center. Radial and azimuthal polarization are the common states of polarization. We investigated Gaussian and vector femtosecond laser beams with the wavelength of 515 nm irradiated on titanium to analyze the ablation crater characterization and the ablation threshold of titanium. Finally, we conducted an experiment on the fabrication of the hybrid micro/nanostructures via spot-by-spot vector beam.
Effect of Gas Flowrate on the Properties and Photocatalytic Activity of ZnO-Ag Nanocomposite Materials Prepared by Flame Pyrolysis
Authors: Wardah Jauharatul , Winardi Sugeng , Madhania Suci , Widiyastuti Widiyastuti , Rozy Mohammad Irwan Fatkhur , Kusdianto K.
Published: February 2024

It is well known that adding the appropriate amount of Ag to semiconductor materials can enhance photocatalytic performance. In our previous study, the addition of Ag nanoparticles to ZnO enhanced the photocatalytic activity. The best photocatalytic performance was obtained when Ag content was 5 wt%. However, the effect of a carrier gas flow rate has not been investigated. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of carrier gas flow rate on the morphology of the ZnO-Ag nanocomposites as well as the photocatalytic activity of the produced nanocomposites. ZnO-Ag nanocomposite was fabricated by a one-step process using flame pyrolysis and the produced nanocomposites were characterized by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. The photocatalytic performance was evaluated by measuring the degradation of methylene blue under UV light irradiation. SEM images indicated that the morphology of ZnO-Ag nanocomposites has a spherical shape with a particle diameter of around 65 nm. Moreover, increasing the flow rate will increase the particle size of the produced nanocomposites. The photocatalytic test was determined based on the rate constant of MB degradation efficiency under UV light irradiation, where the photocatalytic activity decreased when the carrier gas increased. Finally, the produced nanocomposites were also tested several times (recycling test), where photocatalytic performance showed that the degradation value of methylene blue for each recycle did not vary much with the variable before being recycled.
Study of Foaming Morphology in Microcellular Injection Molded TPU/MWCNT Composites under Gas Counter Pressure
Authors: Chung Chen Yuan , Huang Yu Min , Lin Siang Sian
Published: February 2024

Due to the global environmental issues, microcellular injection molding (MuCell) process with the advantages of the energy saving, environmentally friendly and light weighting has become more and more popular in industry. In order to improve the common defects of uneven cell size and cell rupture in MuCell, this study aims to ameliorate the issues of excessively large open-cell structure and density reduction caused by cell rupture in MuCell with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). TPU 1185A supplied by BASF was selected as the material, to which multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were added and a gas counter pressure (GCP) control was applied, subsequently. The cell structure change was observed via scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that adding nanotubes to TPU can increase the viscosity of the polymer melt and lower the average cell size, which will significantly reduce the number of cells with a diameter greater than 100 μm. With the GCP technique employed, the overall cell size was further reduced as well as the number of cells with a diameter greater than 100 μm, and the cell density was further increased.
Effect of Power and Exposure Time on the Microwave-Assisted Roasting of Refractory Gold Ore
Authors: Hapid Abdul , Zullaikah Siti , Mahfud Mahfud , Kawigraha Adji
Published: February 2024

Reserves of high-grade gold ore worldwide are decreasing, and some industries have started processing refractory gold ore. Refractory gold ore contains sulfide minerals such as pyrite (FeS2), chalcopyrite (CuFeS2), galena (PbS), and sphalerite (ZnS). Gold in refractory ores occurs as fine-size gold-bearing sulfide minerals. In this study, the microwave-assisted roasting method has been investigated as a pretreatment for a refractory gold ore. This method can provide rapid heating radiation, cause micro-cracks, and trigger the decomposition of sulfide minerals. The presence of additive helps in the oxidation of sulfide minerals. The microwave-assisted roasting was carried out using variations in microwave power and time. Microwave power between 300 - 600 watts significantly affected the increase in roasting temperature and weight loss of refractory gold ore. The highest temperature reached 567°C in roasting at 800 watts for 30 minutes. The optimum condition for microwave roasting was achieved at 400 watts of power with a roasting time of 30 minutes. Metals extraction of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Fe reached 97.2%, 82.7%, 16.1%, and 2.1% in water leaching.
Synthesis and Characterization of AuNP/TiO2 Hybrid Nanoparticles for Possible Photocatalytic Application
Authors: Dulog Jay C. , Unabia Romnick , Delicana Jared Deve P. , Lalem Aldrin , Sayson Noel Lito B. , Capangpangan Rey Y. , Lubguban Arnold A. , Alguno Arnold C.
Published: February 2024

Nanoparticles have been intensively studied due to their unique, size-dependent properties, paving the way for various applications, particularly in photocatalysis. This study aims to determine the physicochemical characteristics of TiO2 and Au nanoparticles and the AuNP/TiO2 hybrid nanoparticles. Employing multiple characterization techniques, the structural and functional parameters were elucidated. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis revealed the pore sizes of TiO2 and the Au/TiO2 hybrid nanoparticles as 12 nm and 18 nm, respectively. The Dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements revealed the hydrodynamic size of the AuNP/TiO2 hybrid nanoparticles at 386 nm. The UV-visible spectroscopy showed the absorbance peaks associated with their electronic structures and potential photocatalytic applications. The fast Fourier infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy results revealed the surface molecular interactions crucial for nanoparticle functionalities. The AuNP/TiO2 hybrid nanoparticles exhibit a larger pore size compared to TiO2NPs, indicating their superior adsorption capability. Moreover, the unique band gap of TiO2NPs and electron-hole pair generation make it a formidable candidate for photocatalysis. The incorporation of AuNPs may further augment charge separation, optimizing photocatalytic activity. These findings spotlight the promise of these AuNP/TiO2 hybrid nanoparticles in possible photocatalytic applications.
Electrochemical Characterization of Battery-Supercapacitor Hybrid Based on Li4Ti5O12 and Ti3C2
Authors: He Zi Yu
Published: February 2024

Battery-supercapacitor hybrids (BSHs) are promising energy storage devices that exhibit large energy density, high power density. In this research, BSH devices based on Li4Ti5O12 and Ti3C2 electrodes are fabricated. Through cyclic voltammetry, it is discovered that the kinetics of charging/discharging are diffusion-controlled. 3D Bode plots and Nyquist Plots indicate that bounded diffusion might occur. Regarding the performance, the 70 wt.% Li4Ti5O12-Ti3C2 BSH shows the most balanced specific energy (9.9 mW∙h/kg) and specific power (3.0 W/kg) at 100 mV/s. The largest specific capacitance of the 70 wt.% Li4Ti5O12-Ti3C2 BSH is 81.6 F/kg at 5 mV/s.
Structural and Mechanical Properties of SiC-Rich By-Products of the Metal Grade Si Process
Authors: Hafner Thomas , Hafner Jonas , Kimm Frank , Bovda Vira , Bovda Oleksandr , Kuprin Oleksandr , Pikalov Anatoliy , Lentsov Kostiantyn , Schikhaylo Pavlo , Onyschuk Yriy , Tarasuk Andriy , Podhurska Viktoriya , Vasyliv Bogdan , Shcheretsky Oleksandr , Vorona Ihor , Yavetskiy Roman
Published: February 2024

Mechanical properties of composites produced from the SiC-rich furnace slag using traditional stone and ceramic machining technologies were studied. A non-uniform mixture of coarse monocrystalline SiC grains soaked with Si-metal and glassy oxide phases represented the microstructure of dense monolithic SiC-rich samples. The fracture mechanism of coarse-grained SiC-rich composites was susceptible to the grain size/sample geometry and machining conditions yielding flexural strength in the range of 50-106 MPa and high compression strength of 750 MPa. Despite inhomogeneous macro and microstructure, mechanical and thermal properties are comparable to the traditionally produced siliconized SiSiC ceramics. It opens up the opportunity for the circular economy and value-added recycling of the Si/FeSi industries’ wastes.
The Modification of Thermal Conductivity of Phase Change Material Using Nano Metal-Oxide Particles
Authors: Phukaokaew Wisanu , Suksri Amnart , Wongwuttanasatian Tanakorn
Published: February 2024

The phase change materials (PCM) based cooling system have gained recent popularity with PV module temperature (TPV) reduction. PCM is an effective thermal energy storage material with the activation of latent heat capacity. Its low heat conductivity has been discovered in several studies. In this study, PCM is chosen to mix with nanoparticles to enhance its thermal conductivity and performance. For an ambient temperature of 38, it is suggested that the melting temperature (Tmelt) of PCM should be between 41 and 44 °C. Nanoparticle composited PCM (nc-PCM) are generated by mixing lauric acid (LA) with three different types of nanoparticles, including aluminum oxide (Al2O3), copper oxide (CuO), and magnesium oxide (MgO) in the following proportions: 100:0, 99:1, 98:2, 94:6, 92:8 and 90:10. It has been shown that the melting points (Tmelt) of the studied nc-PCMs are between 41.18 and 42.47 °C and thermal conductivity increases. According to the findings, the best balance between latent heat of fusion and thermal conductivity should be at 6% nanoparticle. Finally, it is expected that employing these three nc-PCM to reduce the PV module's temperature will enhance PV efficiency.
The College of Otorhinolaryngologists and Head & Neck Surgeons of Sri Lanka: 19th Annual Academic Sessions 10th & 11th of February 2024, Programme and Abtract Book
Authors: Co-Editors
Published: February 2024

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Role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in the sarcopenic-like phenotype induced by CCL5/RANTES
Authors: Conejeros-Lillo Sabrina , Aguirre Francisco , Cabrera Daniel , Simon Felipe , Peñailillo Luis , Cabello-Verrugio Claudio
Published: February 2024

Sarcopenia is characterized by reduced muscle strength and mass and a decline in muscle fiber diameter and amount of sarcomeric proteins. Sarcopenia involves the activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). MuRF-1 and atrogin-1 are E3 ubiquitin ligases belonging to UPS, leading to proteolysis mediated by the PSMB 5, 6, and 7 subunits of 20S proteasome. CCL5/RANTES induces a sarcopenic-like effect in muscle cells. The present work explored the impact of CCL5 on UPS components and the influence of UPS on its sarcopenic-like effect. We demonstrated that CCL5 increased MuRF-1 and atrogin-1 protein levels and mRNA levels of subunits PSMB 5, 6, and 7. We used the MG132 inhibitor to elucidate the role of the 20S proteasome in the CCL5-induced sarcopenic-like effect. This inhibitor prevented the decrease in troponin and MHC protein levels and partially prevented the reduction in the diameter of single-isolated FDB muscle fibers induced by CCL5. These findings indicate that CCL5 actively modulates the UPS. Moreover, our results show the direct participation of UPS in the sarcopenic-like phenotype induced by CCL5.
An overview of glioblastoma multiforme in vitro experimental models
Authors: Vitale Alessandra Maria , D’Amico Giuseppa , Santonocito Radha , Spinnato Gioacchino , Di Marco Martina , Scalia Federica , Campanella Claudia , Tringali Giovanni , Giusti Ilaria , Dolo Vincenza , Cappello Francesco , Caruso Bavisotto Celeste
Published: February 2024

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor, characterized by a remarkable inner complexity and inter-tumor variability. Moreover, it is very aggressive and resistant to conventional treatments, so that it rapidly relapse. Therefore, there is an immediate need for experimental strategies to enhance our comprehension of GBM, aiming to mitigate its economic and social impact. Here, we described different in vivo and in vitro strategies currently used for the study of GBM. First, we gave a brief and general overview of the classical in vivo models, including xenograft mouse and zebrafish models and canine models, offering a wide range of advantages but also presenting a series of strong limitations. Thus, we described in vitro models, starting from more traditional 2D culture models, comparing different approaches and critically exposing the advantages and disadvantages of using one or the other methods. We also briefly described GBM 2D culture systems that allow recreating multiple cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix contacts but still do not reflect the complexity of in vivo tumors. We finally described the intricacies of the more novel 3D in vitro models, e.g., spheroids and organoids. These sophisticated models have demonstrated exceptional suitability across a wide spectrum of applications in cancer research, ranging from fundamental scientific inquiries to applications in translational research. Their adaptability and three-dimensional architecture render them invaluable tools, offering new insights and paving the way for advancements in both basic and applied research.
Therapist self-awareness and perception of actual performance: the effects of listening to one recorded session
Authors: Pereira Raquel , Pires António Pazo , Neto David
Published: February 2024

Research in psychotherapy has emphasized the relevance of the therapist’s role, particularly the impact of deliberate practice and self-awareness (SA). This study aims to explore how SA is presented in the accounts of psychotherapists and assess the impact of attending to actual performance. Twenty cognitive behavioral therapy psychotherapists in training were interviewed before and after listening to their session recordings. The interview was based on five domains of self-awareness: recognition of emotional experience, assessment of personal skills, recognition of prejudices and implicit biases, and awareness of personal values. Results show that SA is frequently attained in skills identification and emotional experience. Recognizing the influence of personal values and bias, and emotional regulation was less frequently identified. There were minor differences before and after listening to the recording. There is an increase of SA in identifying the therapist’s personal skills, and aspects such as our prejudices and biases are more internalized and difficult to change. This article suggests the importance of deliberate practice strategies to promote SA and increase the effectiveness of psychotherapy.
Neuroprotective effect of erythropoietin on anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity through the modulation of autophagy in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Koo Bon-Wook , Shin Hyun-Jung , Jeon Sooyoung , Bang Jung Hyun , Do Sang-Hwan , Na Hyo-Seok
Published: February 2024

Background: The anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects of erythropoietin may provide neuroprotective effects. Erythropoietin also modulates autophagy signaling that may play a role in anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity (AIN). Herein, we investigated whether AIN can be attenuated by the neuroprotective effect of erythropoietin in the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans).Methods: Synchronized worms were divided into the control, Iso, EPO, and EPO-Iso groups. The chemotaxis index (CI) was evaluated when they reached the young adult stage. The lgg-1::GFP-positive puncta per seam cell were used to determine the autophagic events. The erythropoietin-mediated pathway of autophagy was determined by measuring the genetic expression level of let-363, bec-1, atg-7, atg-5, and lgg-3.Results: Increased lgg-1::GFP puncta were observed in the Iso, EPO, and EPO-Iso groups. In the Iso group, only the let-363 level decreased significantly as compared to that in the control group (P = 0.009). bec-1 (P < 0.001), atg-5 (P = 0.012), and lgg-3 (P < 0.001) were expressed significantly more in the EPO-Iso group than in the Iso groups. Repeated isoflurane exposure during development decreased the CI. Erythropoietin could restore the decreased CI by isoflurane significantly in the EPO-Iso group.Conclusions: Erythropoietin showed neuroprotective effects against AIN and modulated the autophagic pathway in C. elegans. This experimental evidence of erythropoietin-related neuroprotection against AIN may be correlated with the induced autophagic degradation process that was sufficient for handling enhanced autophagy induction in erythropoietin-treated worms.
Artificial Intelligence in Otorhinolaryngology
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar
Published: February 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is most likely to have a significant influence on medical research and clinical practice in the near future. Common uses of AI in health care include diagnosis of disease, complete drug research, and development, improved clinician–patient communication, transcription of medical records like prescriptions, and remote patient treatment. The search strategy was made with keywords of AI and otorhinolaryngology on Medline, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases, and full-text articles available were reviewed. This review article is focused on the use of AI in otorhinolaryngology. Innovative new health-care solutions in the area of otorhinolaryngology are being driven by recent breakthroughs in AI. Otorhinolaryngologists are key stakeholders of AI technologies that will enhance patient care. For improving AI technologies, high-standard data collecting is necessary, and otorhinolaryngologists should work with data scientists to direct them toward the most significant medical research. This review article emphasizes the crucial value of ethical, unbiased artificially intelligent systems for patient management in otorhinolaryngology.
Prevalence of the t(11; 14)(q13; q32) immunoglobulin H/CCND1 in Mexican mestizos with multiple myeloma: A single institution experience
Authors: Lira-Lara Olivia , Gallardo-Pérez Moisés Manuel , Garcés-Eisele Solón Javier , Reyes-Núñez Virginia Adriana , López-Trujillo Miguel Antonio , Melgar-de-la-Paz Miranda , Negrete-Rodríguez Paola , Hamilton-Avilés Luis Enrique , Ocaña-Ramm Guillermo , Robles-Nasta Max , Sánchez-Bonilla Daniela , Olivares-Gazca Juan Carlos , Ruiz-Delgado Guillermo José , Ruiz-Argüelles Guillermo José
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy resulting from clonal proliferation of plasma cells in which significant heterogeneity has been demonstrated, both cytogenetically and molecularly. Translocation (11;14)(q13;q32), involving the CCND1 gene, has been described as the most common one, its estimated prevalence being around 15%–24%.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of the study was to report the prevalence of t(11;14) in Mexican individuals with MM in a single institution.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A descriptive cross-sectional study in 26 patients with MM undergoing a fluorescence in situ hybridization study with fluorescent probes for the detection of t(11;14) employing a fluorescence microscope and studying 200 interphase nuclei, referred to Laboratorios Ruiz and Synlab, Puebla, México from 2017 to 2021.

RESULTS:

The t(11;14) was found in 5 (19%) of the cases. Data on the clinical evolution of the patients was not available. In the 26 subjects, serum immunofixation was performed to identify the type of monoclonal gammopathy (MG), 13 (50%) were compatible with MG immunoglobulin (Ig) G-Lambda, 8 (30.7%) with IgG-Kappa, 4 (15.3%) with IgA-Lambda, and 1 (4%) with IgA-Kappa. Of the five individuals positive for t(11;14), four were IgG Lambda and one IgG Kappa.

CONCLUSION:

The presence of t(11;14) in our cohort is similar to that reported in other populations. The clinical implications of the t(11;14) translocation in MM have been observed in various populations, but further studies are needed to comprehensively assess its relationship to the clinical course of the disease.
A Study of Etiological Spectrum of Maternal Near-miss Cases and Quality Care Indicators in Western Region of India
Authors: Pande Alhad A. , Karena Zalak Vinaybhai , Goswami Kamal D.
Published: February 2024

Background:

Maternal death review has remained the fundamental quality care indicator for any maternal health-care governance program. Maternal near-miss (MNM) cases which are the forerunner of mortality cases could serve as a proxy indicator to evaluate the obstetric quality care.

Objectives:

To calculate MNM to mortality ratio of the institute and to study the etiological spectrum of MNM cases.

Materials and Methods:

A hospital-based prospective observational study was carried out. Cases were taken as defined based on the WHO MNM criteria. Data collection was done through information retrieval from case records and by in-depth interviews with the help of semi-structured questionnaire of MNM cases from 2 days after their admission up till discharge. Each case was documented with respect to the demographic details, adverse events and aetiology.

Results:

The MNM to mortality ratio was 1.16:1, MNM incidence ratio in our study was 4.12 and the mortality index was 46.23. Seventy-six per cent of cases were referred cases. The main causes for near-miss were post-partum haemorrhage (30%) followed by pre-eclampsia (26%). Hypertension was the most significant comorbidity in 28% of cases, while 26% had cardiac disease and 26% had severe anaemia.

Conclusions:

Studying near-miss mortality cases provides a valuable insight of the quality of care of the institute. MNM case review should be a part of regular governance process of the maternity care unit to plan and implement focused care.
Answer for Carcinoma Cervix Eradication in India: Periodic Screening with HPV Vaccination
Authors: Verma Mrinalini , Sharma Medhavi , Kukreja Divya , Ghosh Arunima , Kumari Puja , Bhatt Madan Lal Brahma
Published: February 2024

Based on the understanding of the natural history and risk factors contributing to the development of cervical cancer, the two essential strategies may work for its elimination, i.e. vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection (the most important risk factor) and primary screening to detect the pre-invasive/pre-malignant lesion as there is a very long latent period (10–15 years) for invasive cancer to develop after HPV infection.
Comprehensive evaluation on progressive development strategies in DENV surveillance and monitoring infection rate among vector population
Authors: Das Bidisha , Datta Sibnarayan , Vanlalhmuaka  , Reddy Pichili Vijaya Bhaskar
Published: February 2024

The elevated rise in dengue infection rate has been a health burden worldwide and it will continue to impact global health for years to come. Accumulated literature holds accountable the geographical expansion of the mosquito species transmitting the dengue virus DENV. The frequency of this viral disease outbreaks has increased rapidly in the recent years, owing to various geo-climatic and anthropological activities. Due to scarcity of any effective control measures, there has been a continuous traceable rise in mortality and morbidity rates. However, it has been reported that the spate of incidences is directly related to density of the virus infected vector (mosquito) population in a given region. In such a scenario, systems capable of detecting virus infected vector population would aid in estimating prediction of outbreak, as well as provide time to deploy suitable management strategies for vector control, and to break the vector-human transmission chain. This would also help in identifying areas, where much improvement is needed for vector management. To this context, we illustrate an exhaustive overview of both gold standards and as well as emerging advents for sensitive and specific mosquito population strategized viral detection technologies. We summarize the cutting-edge technologies and the challenges faced in pioneering to field application. Regardless the proven popularity of the gold standards for detection purpose, they offer certain limitations. Thus with the surge in the infection rate globally, approaches for development of newer advancements and technique upgradation to arrest the infection escalation and for early detection as a part of vector management should be prioritized.
Relationship between physical performance and mental health in community-living elderly people
Authors: Samuel Sanjay Eapen , Priya S. , Prem Chaithanya
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:

Aging is a sensitive period in human life, in which people are at increased risk of developing chronic illness, isolation, and lack of social protection and their autonomy is threatened due to their physical and mental disabilities. Widespread lockdown and preventative measures have made elderly individuals homebound and experienced limited access to physical performance and mental health care. Mental health problems in the elderly are the result of a complex interaction of social, psychological, and biological factors.

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:

The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between physical performance and mental health (stress, anxiety, and depression) in community-living elderly people during the COVID-19 pandemic.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Physical performance was assessed by physical performance test (PPT) and mental health was assessed by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21. Spearman’s rank correlation test was used to find the relationship between variables.

RESULTS:

Twenty-eight urban and semi-urban community-living elderly people participated in this study. A statistically significant negative correlation was found (1) between PPT and anxiety (r = −0.386, P = 0.042) and (2) between PPT and depression (r = −0.376 and P = 0.045). There was also a weak negative correlation between PPT and stress level (r = −0.243 and P = 0.212), but the same was not statistically significant.

CONCLUSION:

The study concluded that individuals with higher physical performance have less anxiety and depression symptoms among community-living elderly people.
Surface groups are flexibly stable
Authors: Lazarovich Nir , Levit Arie , Minsky Yair
Published: February 2024

We show that surface groups are flexibly stable in permutations. This is the first non-trivial example of a non-amenable flexibly stable group. Our method is purely geometric and relies on an analysis of branched covers of hyperbolic surfaces. Along the way we establish a quantitative variant of the LERF property for surface groups which may be of independent interest.
Кольцо Гротендика пар квазипроективных множеств
Authors: Gusein-Zade Sabir Medzhidovich , Luengo Ignacio , Melle-Hernandez Alejandro
Published: February 2024

Определяется кольцо Гротендика пар комплексных квазипроективных множеств (состоящих из множества и подмножества). Описываются $\lambda$-структуры на этом кольце и степенная структура над ним. Показывается, что предполагаемая симметрическая степень проективной прямой с несколькими орбифолдными точками, описанная А. В. Фонаревым, соответствует симметрической степени этой прямой с набором отмеченных точек как пары множеств.
Multimodal audiovisual speech recognition architecture using a three‐feature multi‐fusion method for noise‐robust systems
Authors: Jeon Sanghun , Lee Jieun , Yeo Dohyeon , Lee Yong‐Ju , Kim SeungJun
Published: February 2024

Exposure to varied noisy environments impairs the recognition performance of artificial intelligence‐based speech recognition technologies. Degraded‐performance services can be utilized as limited systems that assure good performance in certain environments, but impair the general quality of speech recognition services. This study introduces an audiovisual speech recognition (AVSR) model robust to various noise settings, mimicking human dialogue recognition elements. The model converts word embeddings and log‐Mel spectrograms into feature vectors for audio recognition. A dense spatial–temporal convolutional neural network model extracts features from log‐Mel spectrograms, transformed for visual‐based recognition. This approach exhibits improved aural and visual recognition capabilities. We assess the signal‐to‐noise ratio in nine synthesized noise environments, with the proposed model exhibiting lower average error rates. The error rate for the AVSR model using a three‐feature multi‐fusion method is 1.711%, compared to the general 3.939% rate. This model is applicable in noise‐affected environments owing to its enhanced stability and recognition rate.
Named entity recognition using transfer learning and small human‐ and meta‐pseudo‐labeled datasets
Authors: Bae Kyoungman , Lim Joon‐Ho
Published: February 2024

We introduce a high‐performance named entity recognition (NER) model for written and spoken language. To overcome challenges related to labeled data scarcity and domain shifts, we use transfer learning to leverage our previously developed KorBERT as the base model. We also adopt a meta‐pseudo‐label method using a teacher/student framework with labeled and unlabeled data. Our model presents two modifications. First, the student model is updated with an average loss from both human‐ and pseudo‐labeled data. Second, the influence of noisy pseudo‐labeled data is mitigated by considering feedback scores and updating the teacher model only when below a threshold (0.0005). We achieve the target NER performance in the spoken language domain and improve that in the written language domain by proposing a straightforward rollback method that reverts to the best model based on scarce human‐labeled data. Further improvement is achieved by adjusting the label vector weights in the named entity dictionary.
Categorization and Properties of SAE Cold Rolled Strip Steels
Authors:   Metals Technical Committee
Published: February 2024

This SAE recommended practice defines and establishes tolerances and attributes of cold rolled strip steels. Differences between cold rolled strip and cold rolled sheet products are discussed so that process designers can make informed material selection decisions.
Knowledge of Oral Cancer among Dental Patients in South-Southern Nigeria
Authors: Edetanlen B.E. , Ogbikaya J.A. , Babalola O.
Published: February 2024

Background: Despite recent advances in the detection and treatment of oral cancer (OC), the rate of late presentation by patients is still  high. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge about the risk factors and early signs of OC among dental patients in a Nigerian  secondary health facility.

Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study design recruited all consecutive patients at the Stella Obasanjo Hospital, Edo state, Nigeria. Data were obtained using a self-administered questionnaire which was given to all participants that gave  written informed consent. Data was collected and analysed

Results: All the 250 respondents approached agreed to participate in the  present study. The age range was 18 to 84 years with a mean age of 34.1±12.2 years. There were 71(28.4%) males and 179(71.6%)  females. Only 140(56.0%) of the respondents were aware of OC and 70(50.0%) of them had the information from internet/ mass media.  Only 65(25.6%) were certain that old age is a risk factor of OC. The age, gender, place of residence, level of education and occupation of  the respondents did not significantly affect the level of awareness of the respondents (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: The knowledge of risk  factors and early signs of OC was unsatisfactory in the patients. The demographic features of the respondents were not related to the  level of awareness of OC.
Correlation between Hearing Thresholds and Habitual use of Headphones/Earphones among Students of Tertiary Institutions in Northwestern Nigeria
Authors: Haruna K. , Salisu A.D. , Labaran S.A. , Fufore M.B.
Published: February 2024

Background: There has been ongoing concern that prolonged use of headphones/earphones that amplify the sound intensity can lead  to noise induced hearing loss. This study therefore aimed at determining the correlation between hearing thresholds and habitual usage  of headphones/earphones among undergraduates of tertiary institutions in Northwestern Nigeria.

Method: A cross-sectional study was  conducted on young adults, who are undergraduate students of tertiary institutions, to assess the hearing thresholds of individuals who  frequently use headphones or earphones. Ethical clearance was obtained, and participants who met specific criteria were selected.  Amultistage sampling technique was used, and 272 participants (representing 544 ears) with equal number of controls were recruited.  They completed questionnaires and underwent otoscopic examination and pure tone audiometry (PTA). Those having wax or foreign  bodies in the ears had it removed before performing PTA. The data was recorded and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Frequency tables and variable relationships were examined to determine significance, which was set at a p-value of <0.05.

Result: The study involved 272  users of headphones/earphones (representing 544 ears) and an equal number of age- and sex-matched controls. The participants' ages  ranged between 18 and 33, with 50.4% being male. The pure tone average among the headphones/earphones users and the controls  ranged from 11.0 – 43.8dB, with a mean of 20.2±6.0 and 10.6 – 43.2dB, with a mean of 19.6 ± 4.5, respectively. More than half, 280/544  ears (51.5%) of the participants used headphones/earphones for over 4 years, and of these, 222/280 ears (79.3%) used them for 1 – 4  hours daily. Moderate volume was the preferred listening mode for 63.2% of the users. A moderate positive correlation was observed between hearing thresholds and hours of headphone/earphone use, and a weak positive correlation between hearing thresholds and  preferred level of loudness (r = 0.290, p < 0.0001) while no correlation was found between hearing threshold and long-term use (r = 0.003,  p = 0.937).

Conclusion: This study suggests that individuals who use headphones or earphones for prolonged periods of listening hours  daily or at higher listening levels tend to have poorer hearing thresholds.
Supplementation of dietary nano zinc phytogenic on growth performance and carcass traits of the growing Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan chickens
Authors: Hidayat C. , Wina E. , Ishak A. B. L. , Krisnan R. , Komarudin Komarudin , Asmarasari S.A. , Zainal H. , Cahyaningsih T. W. , Hoesen Y.A.
Published: February 2024

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate productive performance during the growing period in Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan (KUB) chickens fed on low- and high-nutrient diets containing different levels of dietary nano zinc phytogenic (NZP). The experiment followed a randomized 2 × 6 factorial design, with nutritional content of the diet (high vs low), and dietary NZP (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, or 150 mg Zn/kg) as factors. Each treatment was repeated six times. The feeding trial was carried out until ten weeks of age. Productive performance (feed consumption, FC; body weight gain, BWG; body weight, BW; mortality, feed conversion ratio, FCR; zinc consumption, ZnC; dressing percentage, carcass cut weight; visceral organ weight; and European production efficiency factor, EPEF) was measured. Up to the age of four weeks, dietary NZF dosage impacted BW, BWG, FC, and ZnC. NZP dosage had no effect on mortality. Combination of a high-nutrient diet with 90 mg Zn/kg NZP resulted in the best FCR and EPEF. Up to six weeks, dietary NZP dosage affected BW, BWG, and EPEF. Up to ten weeks of age, addition of NZP (from 30 mg Zn/kg) improved BW, FC, and EPEF. NZP at 30 mg Zn/kg resulted in the best FCR and EPEF. Dietary NZP increased production performance (BW, FC) and economic index (EPEF) in growing KUB chickens fed low- and high-nutrient diets. The recommended use is a high-nutrient diet and 90 mg Zn/kg of NZP.
Trace mineral concentration of forages in connection with sheep dietary requirements
Authors: Qudoos A. , Tahir U.B. , Ahmad S. , Tariq M. , Imran M. , Nadeem R. , Noreen S. , Luqman N. , Maqbool M. , Jan I. , Iqbal Z. , Raza M. , Sajid M.S. , Rizwan H.M.
Published: February 2024

This paper describes the trace and ultra-trace mineral concentration in different forages utilized by sheep (Kajli and Fat tail) in the rangelands of Chakwal district, Punjab, Pakistan. The concentrations of Se, Mo, Zn, Mn, Cu, and Co were assessed using spectrophotometric methods after the digestion of forage samples. The dominant forage species consumed by sheep were Buxus pappillosa, Prosopis juliflora, Ficus palmata, Acacia modesta, Trichodesma indica, Olea permiginea, Lantana camara, Justicia adhatoda, Morus nigra, and Ipomoea carnea. The overall mean concentration of Co (1.27±0.24 mg/Kg of DM), Zn (35.14±1.28 mg/Kg of DM), and Cu (28.06±1.29 mg/Kg of DM) in forages were higher than the requirements for lactating ewes, while the concentration of Se was within the normal range. Molybdenum (0.030±0.004 mg/Kg of DM) and Mn (29.69±1.61 mg/Kg of DM) concentrations were lower than dietary requirements for sheep. In different administrative divisions (tehsils) like Chakwal, Talagang, Choa Saidan Shah, and Kalar Kahar of Chakwal district, the trace minerals Zn, Mn, and Co, showed non-significant variation, whereas Se, Mo, and Cu showed substantial variation. In conclusion, rangeland forages contained a sufficient concentration of most trace minerals (Co, Cu, Se, Zn) to meet the requirements of grazing sheep in the study district. However, Mn and Mo supplementation seems to be essential to maintain the optimal production capabilities of sheep in this area.