bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fałszerstwo dokumentów podróży – skala, charakter i zapobieganie zjawisku w działaniach Unii Europejskiej
Authors:   Instytut Nauk Prawnych Kolegium Nauk Społecznych Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Semków Dorota
Published: March 2023

The main purpose of the considerations undertaken in the article is to present the problem of travel document fraud as a very common form of illegal crossing of the external borders of the European Union. The study presents the scale and nature of the use of false travel documents. The analysis covers the procedures in force in the years 2015 through 2018. EU travel documents are in high demand among fraudsters. At least three-quarters of the false documents detected at the external borders, as well as in the area without internal border controls, are forgeries of the documents issued by both EU Member States and Schengen Countries. The research conducted based on the data of the European Border and Coast Guard (Frontex) led to the conclusion that the introduction of more sophisticated security features, production methods, and document control systems constrict the forgery of a material document. As a result, the number of traditional frauds, i.e. forging or counterfeiting a given document, is decreasing, and what is increasing is the scale of other types of procedures, in which travel documents are used as a tool, an example of which is identity theft. The study intends also to present selected forms of prevention against travel document fraud, which are undertaken by the EU. For this purpose, the paper includes an analysis of the provisions of the 2016 socalled action plan to strengthen the European response to document fraud.
EFEITO DA FONTE DE LIPASE NA PRODUÇÃO DE UM ÉSTER DE ÁCIDO GÁLICO POR ESTERIFICAÇÃO EM MEIO DE SOLVENTE
Authors: Passari Gustavo José , Passari Fernanda Aparecida , Mendes Adriano Aguiar , Pereira Ernandes Benedito
Published: March 2023

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a produção enzimática de um éster com atividade antioxidante (galato de isoamila) por esterificação de ácido gálico e álcool isoamílico em meio de solvente (terc-butanol). Oito lipases comerciais de diferentes fontes (microbianas e animal) foram empregadas na forma livre (extratos brutos) como biocatalisadores. As reações foram conduzidas empregando 0,25 mol L-1 de cada reagente (ácido gálico e álcool isoamílico), agitação mecânica de 240 rpm, 40°C, 4 h de reação e 1000 unidades de atividade enzimática baseada na hidrólise da emulsão de azeite de oliva. Os máximos valores de porcentagem de conversão foram obtidos para as preparações de lipase de Pseudomonas fluorescens – LPF (41,5 ± 5,1%) e de pâncreas suíno – LPP (38,4 ± 2,3%), a preparação de lipase testada com menor custo. A produtividade para estes sistemas de reação foi da ordem de 25 µmoles de ácido gálico consumido h-1 U-1. Estes revelam que a aplicação de uma lipase de baixo custo (LPP) pode ser promissora na produção de ésteres com propriedades antioxidantes, uma importante classe de compostos empregados na área de alimentos e cosméticos.
Reading Fluency of Students, Tagbilaran City College, Tagbilaran City, Bohol
Authors: Aranilla William
Published: March 2023

Reading is an essential macro skill everyone should develop, especially students. The primary thrust of this study was to determine the student's reading fluency in Tagbilaran City College, Tagbilaran City, Bohol, for Academic Year 2019-2020. This quantitative research involved 256 first-year students in all degree programs. This study utilized the free reading speed test software of the Ace Reader program as a tool to determine reading fluency in terms of speed and comprehension. As to the findings, it revealed that the respondents are Instructional readers. Moreover, the study found that there is no significant relationship between students’ profiles and reading fluency. There is no significant difference in reading fluency between male and female respondents. However, there is a significant variance in the reading fluency of the respondents among complexity levels. Furthermore, the post hoc analysis using the Pairwise Comparisons showed that the respondents have a faster reading speed in the Critical, Interpretive, and Applied Complexity levels. Also, it revealed that the respondents have the highest comprehension at the Literal level and the lowest at the Critical level. The study also showed that the respondents have better reading fluency in the Literal and Interpretive levels than in the Applied and Critical levels. The study concluded that the respondents tend to read faster as the complexity level increases; however, they tend to comprehend less as the complexity level increases. Hence, the respondents' fluency decreased as the complexity level increased.
Challenges And Coping Mechanisms of Work-Related Stress of Police Officers During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Baron Harvey , Caralos Mark Dave , Clarete Fernando Jose , Lambayan Aryol , Saguran Rey Vincenth , Tabel Christian , Udtohan Christian Carl , Bapilar Bernard
Published: March 2023

The study intended to explore the stress cognizance of Tagbilaran Philippine National Police (PNP) Personnel in Tagbilaran City in 2021. Research participants were asked to answer the following: what were their stressful experiences and how did they resolve and address their work distress during the COVID-19 Pandemic. The study utilized a qualitative method employing the descriptive-phenomenological approach using an interview guide with open-ended questions in exploring the work distress of the police officers in Tagbilaran City and their experiences as front liners in the COVID-19 Pandemic. There were ten selected police officers in the Tagbilaran City Police Station. Colaizzi’s method or phenomenological analysis procedure was used in analyzing the responses of the informants. From the gathered data, through the recorded response of the informants, there were eight (8) substantial emergent themes formulated as follows: Upside down, Fear is universal, Circumvention, A complication to a delinquent person, Desire for power and success, Benefits of hard work, Discontented, and Approved Responsibility.
Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) Of Teachers in Relation to the Context and Their Teaching Performance, Loon, Bohol
Authors: Relator Joshua
Published: March 2023

The Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework, developed by Mishra & Koehler, provide relevant and comprehensive knowledge necessary for 21st-century and technology-oriented teaching. This study chiefly intends to determine the TPACK level in relation to the context and their teaching performance. This study utilized a quantitative-correlational method using a survey research design to gather the TPACK and context levels; and a documentary analysis of the Individual Performance Commitment and Review Form (IPCRF), the school year 2019-2020, to gather the teaching performance. The respondents of the study were the teachers from the public secondary school of Loon, Bohol, with 90 teachers as the sample. The researcher complied with the Research Ethics Committee's requirements to guarantee the proper observation of the research ethics protocol. Results showed that the teacher respondents had a very high level of TPACK and a very satisfactory teaching performance. The respondents also rated their context with a very high level. In the further analysis of the gathered results, findings revealed that the respondents' TPACK had a significant relationship to the context, but none to the teaching performance. It also showed that the respondents' context and teaching performance had an insignificant relationship.
Health Practices and Prevention of Covid-19 In San Antonio, Duero, Bohol
Authors: Leonor Joseph Fhel , Bullecer Marriane , Alico Charlyn , Hibaya Madelyn , Maquiling Junalyn , Mejia Maria Riza Mae , Jamora Bonnibella , Birad Rossini , Lanzaderas Eleazar
Published: March 2023

Health practices refer to individuals' role in maintaining health and preventing diseases (Weldekidan, 2022).  The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically impacted the community, affecting people's lives and health. Adhering to health practices imposed by the Department of Health is vital to prevent the spread of the virus. This study utilized the descriptive quantitative research design aided by a self-made questionnaire. The tool was subjected to Cronbach's Alpha test, obtaining a result of 0.765 for the Lifestyle and 0.826 for the preventive measure. The instrument was distributed via an online platform to one hundred randomly selected residents of San Antonio, Duero, Bohol, from 18 years old and above, to determine their health practices used in preventing the spread of COVID-19 infection. Results revealed that the majority of the respondents had "Very good health practices" in terms of preventive measures; and had "good health practices" in terms of Lifestyle. Data was further subjected to the Spearman rho test and chi-square test and revealed a significant relationship between the Age and level of health practices; and between the zonal where the respondents live and the level of health practices.
Stress Factors Among Nursing Students
Authors: Roberson Liesel , Ampong Lee Ann , Campano Jr. Joseph , Indus Aljohn , Oguis Mary Ana Jeane , Sagaral Rey Angelo , Laburada Jasmin , Salaum Azucena , Lupot Beryl Elizabeth
Published: March 2023

Stress is a health epidemic of the 21st Century. It can affect anyone at any time, altering or impairing their general health (WHO). The study utilized the quantitative-descriptive correlational research design to determine the stress factors among the two hundred randomly selected nursing students of the University of Bohol, aided by a self-made questionnaire adopted from the Student Nurse Stress Index (SNSI) by Jones and Johnston 1999. The tool underwent Cronbach's Alpha test with a reliable result. The instrument was distributed online. Findings revealed that most respondents were young adults from 20-21 years old, female, and single. The respondents were moderately stressed with academic concerns and internet connectivity, followed by interpersonal and interpersonal problems. When the data were subjected statistically using SPSS with Spearman's rho test and chi-square, it was found that the year level had a significant relationship to stress levels.
Lived Experiences of Interventionists on the Drug Rehabilitation Program
Authors: Campeceno Jackilou , Gamba Merlita , Josol Adrian , Olaer Donna , Pagaran Marianie , Renoblas Jr. Rogelio , Seroje Ana Mae , Jumawid Marven , Molina Shirley
Published: March 2023

In response to an overwhelming demand for drug abuse treatment services, the Matrix Intensive Outpatient Program (MIOP) was implemented in the Philippines. This study explores the lived experiences of interventionists in drug rehabilitation programs in Tagbilaran City. The researchers conducted a criminological research approach, specifically a qualitative design, in which the researchers used a Key Informant Interview (KII) with the help of an interview guide, field notes, and a voice recorder to collect data. The researchers used Colaizzi's approach to analyze the transcript material from the informant's comments during the interview. Responses were transcribed in a line format to code the significant statement, and linked statements were given defined meanings. After core meanings were given, they were filtered to produce cluster themes, and grouped again to formulate emergent themes as follows: Inter alia, inter alios (Among other things or between other persons.), Docendo discimus (By teaching, we learn.), In absentia lucis, Tenebrae vincunt (In the absence of light, darkness prevails.), Respice finem (Consider the end.), Sapere aude (Dare to know.), Acta non verba (Deeds, not words), and Ad Meliora (Towards better things.) as the study's outcomes. This research shared the lived experiences of drug interventionists which would serve as a guide in developing sustainable programs concerned with rehabilitating drug surrenders.
Factors Motivating Boholano Nurses to Work Abroad College of Nursing Students in the School Year, 2018-2019
Authors: Bentulan Leah Marie , Colborn Leonie Laine , Galamiton Maureen , Jacinto Rhoubynne Frenz , Lanzaderas Jessly , Remolador Angela , Vito Lara , Domapias Lalaine , Lupio Sharon , Sajonia Rochelle Ann
Published: March 2023

Every year, almost 19,000 nurses leave the country, according to the Philippine Employment Agency to work abroad. This study aims to discover the different factors that motivate Boholano Nurses to work Abroad in terms of Economic Factors, Job-related Factors, Socio-political Environment Factors, and Personal/Family-related Factors based on the Push and Pull Theory of Motivation by Everett Lee. A descriptive quantitative approach utilizing a random sampling method was used, and the study was conducted in Bohol, Philippines, through an online platform Google Forms. Statistical treatment includes percentage, frequency, weighted mean, Spearman rank, correlation, and chi-square. A total of 36 BSN Graduates of the University of Bohol in the school year 2018 -2019, with a 95% confidence interval and a margin of error of 5%, a sample size of 33 is randomly selected. Privacy, confidentiality, and voluntary consent were observed during data gathering. Results showed that the top two motivational factors are economic factors, followed by job-related factors. The bottom two factors are socio-political factors and personal/family-related factors. The study revealed that Boholano Nurses are overall highly motivated to work abroad, with Economic factors as their greatest motivation, mainly due to the high salary increments and retirement benefits employers outside the country offer. It also concludes that no significant relationship exists between profile and motivational factors.
Stress Management Among Police Officers in Municipality of Maribojoc During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Amen Glenn , Bumotad Jiether , Chatto Mark Leo , Dagodog Chrizza , Elic Marychrist , Escatron Roy , Morata Joseph James , Telmo Marijane , Lapez Theresil Marie
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to determine the stress management of police officers in the Municipality of Maribojoc during the COVID-19 pandemic. More specifically, to determine the existence of work-related and non-work-related stressors faced by police officers in the municipality of Maribojoc and identify the preferred strategies that help to cope with those stressors in times of or during a pandemic. The researchers utilized a quantitative research method and conducted the survey in the municipality of Maribojoc. There were 21 total police officers who participated in the survey. The gathered data were statistically interpreted. The results showed that the majority of the respondents’ age ranged from 31–40, the majority were male, most of them were single, and the majority had years in service of under 1–10 years. The common stressors they experienced were spending too much time wearing and discarding personal protective equipment (PPE), having anxiety, and being sleepless because of long duty hours. The preferred stress management strategies that helped the police officers to cope with those stressors were meditation, morning exercises, and resilience training as a daily routine, as well as engaging oneself in deep prayers and regular intake of healthy meals that can improve their physical, emotional, and mental condition.
Perceived Educational Barriers in the New Normal Among Nursing Students
Authors: Aton Agnes Liane Micah , Concepcion Jamaia Ytess , Abucejo John Anthony , Calibugan Frena Mariz , Gementiza Ella Mae , Villar Mary Catherine , Diez Feby Twaine , Oracion Xenita Vera , Oguis Nenette , Descallar Zeus Manuel
Published: March 2023

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the sudden shift from face-to-face lectures to online learning created barriers to students' learning process. These issues have prompted researchers to explore the perceived educational barriers in the new normal, especially among nursing students. This study aims to identify the perceived educational barriers of the new normal among the 200 nursing students at the University of Bohol. This is a quantitative-descriptive research design aided with a self-constructed questionnaire distributed using the online platform, following the ethical guidelines. The tool was pilot-tested and garnered a Cronbach's result of 0.721, which passes the acceptability standard. The gathered data were subjected statistically. Results have shown that respondents have been moderately affected by personal and technological barriers. Socioeconomic barriers were present but rarely affect the respondents. The study concludes that the demographic profile of 200 nursing students did not fully influence their perceived educational barriers. These perceived barriers only moderately affect the respondents; it reveals that distractions, lag devices due to multitasking, and noisy environments primarily affect the students.
Online Learning Satisfaction and Learning Motivation among Hospitality Management Students
Authors: Pinanos Restirose , Curayag Maureen , Enoroba Mark Kevin , Martinez Jessa , Penales Friejay , Socorin Jezreel Rose , Ocio Joel , Maquiling Aljhun , Daplinan John Ryan , Estonina Orestes
Published: March 2023

Online learning motivation influences what, how, and when students learn, and online learning takes place across distance and not in a traditional classroom. Moreover, online learning is the only available solution during this Pandemic. This study aims to identify the satisfaction and motivation of the first- to fourth-year students at the University of Bohol College of Hospitality Management during the COVID-19 Pandemic. The researchers used a quantitative-correlational method via a survey questionnaire. A random sample of 128 students was selected from the total population representing different year levels. Modified Online Learning Satisfaction was used to measure the students' satisfaction level, and the Modified Learning Motivation Questionnaire was used to measure their level of motivation. Both questionnaires were subjected to Cronbach's Alpha Test to determine the internal consistency of the items. Ethical guidelines were followed for the whole duration of the research period. It was found that the respondents were moderately satisfied and moderately motivated during online learning. In addition, there is a strong relationship between the level of online learning satisfaction and the level of learning motivation, as determined by spearman's rho, with a p-value less than 0.05. The level of online learning satisfaction is related to the motivation to learn.
Combat Operations of the Soviet and German Troops in the Azov Floodplains in February – September 1943
Authors:   Krasnodar Air Force Institute for Pilots named after A.K. Serov, Kiselev Ilia
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The article is devoted to the battles between Soviet and German troops in the Azov floodplains in February – September 1943. This little-studied page in the history of the Battle of the Caucasus 1942– 1943, which was marked by prolonged military operations in hard-to-reach areas. Methods and materials. The aim of the publication was a comprehensive study of the Soviet-German confrontation in the Azov floodplains on the basis of historical comparative and historical evolutionary methods. The main sources for the study were Soviet and German war journals, operational reports and accounts. Most of these operational documents had not previously been introduced into scientific circulation. Along with them, the recollections of combatants from both sides were used. Analysis. The author identified three stages of the Soviet-German confrontation in the Azov floodplains. It was analyzed decisions of the Soviet and German command, the features of the tactics of the troops, their composition, combat training and the supply level. Results. The author concluded that units of the Red Army several times tried to use the area of the Azov floodplains to enter the German troops, their subsequent encirclement and defeat. This goal was not achieved, but the active actions of the Soviet North Caucasian Front diverted part of the 17th German Army’s forces.
Czechoslovak Military Units in the USSR During the Great Patriotic War: Political and Legal Problems of Formation and Combat Use
Authors:   Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sinitsyn Fedor
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The article is devoted to the identification and analysis of political and legal problems that arose during the formation on the territory of the USSR and the combat use of Czechoslovak military units in the Great Patriotic War. Methods and materials. The methodological basis of the research presented in the article is the principles of scientific objectivity and historicism, as well as general and special methods typical of historical studies. The source base of the research includes both published and unpublished documents found by the author in the State Archive of the Russian Federation, the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History and the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. Analysis. The Czechoslovak formations were part of the Czechoslovak armed forces and were subordinate to the emigrant government, and in operational and military-technical matters were under the Soviet supreme command. However, the presence of several actors (the Czechoslovak government in exile, the leadership of the USSR, the command of Czechoslovak units and the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia) led to a number of political and legal conflicts in this process. Firstly, the intention of the emigrant government to save military forces (in fact, supported in some way by the leadership of the USSR) was in conflict with the plans of the KSČ leadership and the commander of the Czechoslovak units, Svoboda L., who advocated maximum possible participation of Czechoslovaks in combat operations on the territory of the Soviet Union. Secondly, the Soviet side sought to put the Czechoslovak formations under its control. The third manifestation of the contradictions was “the case of the Army of A. Hasal” (autumn 1944), with which the problem of belonging to Transcarpathia was closely intertwined. Results. Despite the existence of a number of political and legal conflicts, they did not become an obstacle to the creation and combat use of Czechoslovak military formations on the Soviet-German front. In addition, the Soviet-Czechoslovak relations themselves developed quite constructively during the Great Patriotic War.
Organization and Holding Sanitary and Epidemiological Measures in Stalingrad and Separate Districts of the Stalingrad Region (1942–1943)
Authors:   Moscow City University, Epifanov Alexander , Krasnozhenova Elena ,   Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The victory at Stalingrad was secured not just by actions on the fronts. An important role was played by social activities, including health care for the population and the army and the fight against epidemics. Despite this, not all areas of sanitary and anti-epidemic work carried out in Stalingrad have been studied comprehensively. Methods and materials. The source base for the study was archival materials stored in the central and Volgograd regional archives. Among them are the documents of the central and regional state authorities on the sanitary condition in Stalingrad and the epidemic measures being carried out in it. In the work on the article, comparative-historical and statistical methods, the method of source study, structural-diachronic and system analysis were used. Analysis. In the frontline and liberated from occupation areas of the Stalingrad region, an extremely unfavorable sanitary condition was noted. This inevitably led to the spread of infectious diseases – cholera, tularemia, typhoid and typhus, malaria – and caused the need for urgent anti-epidemic measures. Sanitary clearing of the city, cleaning and burial of corpses, restoration of water supply, expansion of the network of medical institutions, provision of baths and deodorant chambers, mass sanitation and immunization of the population, organization of soap production in the region were considered as priorities. The work of emergency anti-epidemic commissions was restored. Results. The anti-epidemic measures implemented in Stalingrad during the war made it possible to prevent the spread of acute infectious epidemic diseases.
Restoring the Educational System of the Stalingrad Region After the Liberation from the German Fascist Invaders in 1943–1945
Authors:   Taganrog Institute named after A.P. Chekhov (branch) RSUE (RINH), Ageeva Valentina
Published: March 2023

The article highlights the peculiarities of restoring the system of school education in the Stalingrad region in the years 1943–1945 as part of the solution of the following problems: generalization of resources for the revival of the regional school network, having material and non-material nature; characterization of sources for recruiting teaching staff; the selection of causes affecting the success of general education in the region at the final stage of the war. The study showed that the task of building schools and providing them with equipment as well as educational supplies was solved mainly at the expense of local reserves and patronage assistance from the regions of the RSFSR and the republics of the USSR. One of the most effective ways of using the local labor potential has become the method of folk construction. The issue of forming the teaching staff of educational institutions was especially difficult and ambiguous in the region. One of the sources for the formation of the teaching staff was the network of pedagogical universities in the Stalingrad region, which was reviving simultaneously with the school system of education. The main breeding ground for teaching staff was short-term courses for high school students and employees at institutes for advanced training of teachers. During the recovery period, the role of the school increases in solving the everyday problems of students, the successful implementation of which directly depended on the attendance of schoolchildren at educational institutions. As a result, in 1943–1945, the foundations were laid for the further productive development of school education in the Stalingrad region in the post-war years.
Creation of the Memorial Complex for the Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad on Mamaev Kurgan: Historical Memory, Art and Soviet Monumental Propaganda
Authors:   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Popov Aleksei
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The article, based on a wide range of sources, described the creation of a memorial complex on Mamaev Kurgan in the hero city of Stalingrad/Volgograd and related public and non-public discussions. Methods and materials. An attempt was made to comprehend this process through the prism of the general dynamics of the formation of historical memory of the Great Patriotic War and the development of Soviet monumental art in the 1940s and 1960s. Using the method of actor-network analysis, the author of the article tries to reconstruct the goals, motives and actions of the main circle of interested parties (actors) who participated in the creation of the memorial complex “Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad”: the highest state-party leadership of the USSR, municipal authorities, residents of the hero city, representatives of the creative community (architects, sculptors, writers, artists), as well as veterans – participants in the battle on the Volga. Analysis and Results. Based on the study materials, it is concluded that all these “historical memory designers” contributed to the creation of a unique monument-ensemble on Mamaev Kurgan, opened in 1967, guided not only by commemorative, but also by political-ideological, financial, career, status, moral-ethics and aesthetic motives. The need to erect a large memorial in the context of the Khrushchev campaign to combat excesses in architecture and criticism from individual members of the public demanded that the authors of the project, led by sculptor E.V. Vuchetich, transform it and adapt it to new realities, and also updated the process of forming the concept of the “Lenin’s plan of monumental propaganda”.
Soviet Tankers in Spain in 1936–1937 (According to the Documents of the Intelligence Directorate of the Russian Red Army)
Authors:   Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K.D. Ushinsky, Novikov Mikhail
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The article considers the problem of the soviet tankers participation in the Spanish Civil War in its initial period. Methods and materials. The study is based on documents of the Intelligence Directorate of the People’s Commissariat of Defence of the Soviet Union. They became available after the publication of the first three volumes of the eight serial edition “Red Army and the Spanish Civil War (1936– 1939)”. Analysis. It is emphasized that the first group of Soviet tankers arrived in Spain on October 13, 1936, together with a batch of T-26 tanks (50 in total). On October 29, a tank company, which in a short time prepared the missing crew members from among the Spaniards, took part in a combat offensive operation in the Madrid area. According to documentary evidence the effectiveness of the combat use of tanks was minimal and was a result of the unwillingness and inability of the Spanish infantry, including its command staff, to act together with tanks. The documents characterize the T-26 tank as a reliable, hardy, easy-to-handle vehicle, superior in all technical characteristics to light tanks of German and Italian production, but with unsuccessful turret geometry, with weak armor, with an imperfect design of the turret swivel mechanism, with an unusable radio antenna. The article considers presented in the documents problem of the moral, political, psychological and physical condition of soviet tankers in Spain. The documentation also notes high level of military discipline, gives examples of heroic deeds of tankers, primarily members of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks). At the same time attention is drawn to cases of excessive caution of individual commanders bordering on cowardice. An important place in the documents is given to the physical condition of tankers who find themselves in unfamiliar climatic and social conditions as well as in terms of a completely different food ration. It is noted that almost 100% overwork of personnel associated with continuous participation in hostilities, accompanied by various diseases. Results. The article emphasizes the importance of the direct participation of Soviet tankers in the hostilities of 1936–1937. It made it possible to prevent the military defeat of the Spanish Republic at the stage of creating a regular People’s Army. Key words: Spanish civil war, soviet military aid, tanks, tankers, combat activity, overwork, diseases.
Smart Government: Digital Frameworks of Public Interactions
Authors:   Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Vasilenko Liudmila A.
Published: March 2023

Modern digital society has an integral symbiotic intelligence and must be regulated by digital social institutions with new norms and standards of behavior, a culture of interaction with the digital environment, values and principles. The purpose of the article is to formulate the possibilities of sociological science in terms of new approaches to building a smart (intellectual) government in the context of dynamic changes, global digitalization of all areas of human activity. These trends are characterized by new opportunities and serious problems, which require a revision of the methodological approaches to its design and humanitarian design of its contours. The need for a theoretical understanding of the essence of intellectual government and its difference from previous projects of digitalization of public administration processes is justified. Intellectual government is understood as a holistic hybrid system, the purpose of which is state control in the conditions of interaction of intellectual subjects. They are highly professional management entities using intelligent technical complexes. The effectiveness of management is ensured by the integration of constructive initiatives of civil society and business stakeholders, production interacting through digital platforms, including intelligent network applications with access to knowledge bases for responsible and smart inclusion in management. The data of two sociological studies conducted in 2020 and 2021 are given on the assessment of the activities of public administration bodies in the social and network space. It is concluded that in conditions when the processes of digitalization in public administration significantly affect the development of society, the need for constructive behavior of all subjects of public administration is strengthened, ensuring the adoption of decisions necessary for the development of specific territories.
Communication and Information Environment: Dangers of the Basic Digitalization Processes
Authors:   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Zotov Vitaly V. , Krivoukhov Anatoly A. ,   Kursk State Agricultural Academy
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the main processes of digitalization. The authors proceed from the fact that the defining, main process of digitalization is the process of creating digital platforms as sociotechnical systems that organize algorithmic relationships between actors in a certain field of activity. This process is accompanied by the derivative processes of networking, datating and algorithmization. During the period of quarantine caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, these platforms actually began to implement all human activities: work, study, everyday communication. The existence of such dangers of the functioning of digital platforms is confirmed by the results of our sociological study “Digital Network Space of the Russian Society” (Internet survey combined with a field survey, December 2021): personalization of information, advertising of goods and services (70 %); obsessive recommendations to add to the list of contacts (“friends”, “favorites”) (69 %) and immersion in the information capsule of digital platforms (52 %). Simultaneously with the development of the information and communication environment, the process of generation and accumulation of data took place. Based on the analysis, supported by the results of a mass sociological survey, the authors come to the conclusion that there are manifestations of dangers for the main processes of digitalization.
Issues of the Legal Culture in Modern Russia
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Kerimov Alexander A.
Published: March 2023

Legal culture cannot be considered in isolation from the general development of society and the state. Following the rules of legal culture in the modern world is one of the main indicators of the well-being of the state, society and citizens. The level of development of legal culture depends on many factors. Among them, it is necessary to highlight the specifics of the processes of statebuilding, the nature of the political regime, the peculiarities of the relationship of political power with religious institutions, the attitude to private property, priorities in state policy, respect for the rights and freedoms of citizens, etc. All these factors influence the level of political culture in modern Russia. The article attempts to determine the state of the legal culture of modern Russian society, to trace the evolution of factors that determine its specifics. Attention is focused on institutional and mental problems in the development of the legal culture of Russian society, the possibilities of raising the level of legal consciousness of citizens are considered. As a conclusion, it is noted that legal culture is a historical phenomenon and its formation requires a long period. The content of the process of its development consists in purposeful work to overcome legal nihilism, which has deep roots in Russia. It is also noted that without restoring public confidence in the government and its bodies, compliance with the law by the state, ensuring proper conditions for the execution of laws, respect for the rights and freedoms of citizens, it is impossible to raise the level of legal awareness and achieve compliance with the requirements of legal culture.
From the class struggle of revolutionary syndicalism to the patriotic nationalism of the fascist corporativism: to the 100th anniversary of the March on Rome
Authors:   University of Trieste, Neglie Pietro
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the transition of revolutionary syndicalists from the centrality of the working class to that of the nation. These subjects remained in the anti-system and anti-bourgeois framework from which they came but, coinciding with the First World War, they pronounced themselves in favor of intervention in the name of value and the national ideal. Their ambition was to elaborate and practice a project of “social democracy”, combining socialism and nationalism, with the result of confusing the real terms of class relations. Revolutionary syndicalism was one of the ideological sources from which fascism drew, from which it represented the left soul, the one made up of anarcho-syndicalists followers of Georges Sorel, young intellectuals, leftwing interventionists. The union was defeated by the clash with the party and instead of adopting policies to defend the workers, it made use of the government’s deflationary economic policy, on whose behalf they made painful wage cuts. After the crisis of 1929, some revolutionary aspirations took their breath away despite class defense being prohibited. I also wanted to highlight the dialectic that opposed them to the regime as well as the ideological, political and cultural contents that marked their experience and favored, after the Second World War, the project of confluence in the social-communist trade union.
Soviet Holiday Calendar: Ways of Formation and Transformation (on Materials of the Arkhangelsk North of the First Third of the 20th Century)
Authors:   Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Frolova Aleksandra V.
Published: March 2023

The article examines one of the most important turning points in the history of the country during the change of the political system, economic and cultural life. For the author, it is interesting to study the process of formation of Soviet holidays, the period when new social and artistic forms were being searched for, new ritual actions were being formed, traditional calendar holidays of Russians of the Arkhangelsk North were being updated or displaced from everyday life. The research is based on field materials collected by the author in the cities and villages of the Arkhangelsk region in 2003–2012. Materials containing factual data, local periodicals, archival documents of the GAAO (State Archive of the Arkhangelsk Region), the Mezen Regional Historian E. Podnebesnikova Foundation are also involved.
RETEXTUALIZAÇÃO: DO CURTA-METRAGEM À HISTÓRIA EM QUADRINHOS
Authors: ROCHA RENATA AMARAL DE MATOS , PORTO CARLOS ROBERTO
Published: March 2023

RESUMO: Este artigo apresenta os resultados da pesquisa sobre a prática da retextualização como recurso favorecedor da escrita de estudantes do 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental, na escola. Essa prática possibilita o contato prévio dos educandos com textos a serem produzidos por eles e oportuniza a compreensão deles sobre o contexto de produção e recepção textual. Neste estudo, os estudantes retextualizaram o curta-metragem La Luna em histórias em quadrinhos. A proposta consistiu na mudança de gênero textual e na manutenção da tipologia narrativa, pois, na pesquisa, focalizamos, especificamente, a apreensão da composição do tipo textual narrativo por parte dos informantes, no âmbito de suas produções textuais. Para tanto, adotamos a abordagem teórica sociointerativista, com base em Bronckart (1999), Antunes (2010), Marcuschi (2008) e Ribeiro (2013). Os resultados desta pesquisa evidenciam que a grande maioria dos educandos conseguiu estruturar seu texto narrativo de modo coerente e demonstrou ter apreendido como pode se dar a construção do esquema narrativo.
Efeito da mistura entre resíduos de EVA e borracha regenerada para aplicação em piso de instalação animal
Authors: Araújo Silvia Noelly Ramos de , Lopes Neto José Pinheiro , Nascimento José Wallace Barbosa do , Furtado Dermeval Araújo , Rezende Maria Luiza de Souza , Araújo Tiago Gonçalves Pereira de
Published: March 2023

RESUMO A escolha do tipo de piso dentro do sistema de produção animal é um fator importante, já que está associado a grande incidência de alterações na locomoção, lesões de cascos e descarte de rebanho, o que tem levado aos produtores modificar o tipo de piso por materiais mais confortáveis, duráveis e secos, como é o caso dos emborrachado, no entanto, a matéria-prima torna o investimento muito alto. Devido os resíduos poliméricos serem potencialmente recicláveis, apresentar boas propriedades térmicas e mecânicas, torna-se viável o desenvolvimento de pesquisas que visem caracteriza-los de modo a verificar sua viabilidade de aplicação como piso para instalação de produção animal. A presente pesquisa analisou a combinação entre o resíduo de EVA e a borracha regenerada oriunda de pneus, onde foram produzidas amostras em 4 diferentes concentrações: 0, 25, 50 e 75% de borracha regenerada. As amostras foram analisadas através da microscopia eletrônica de varredura e submetida a testes de tração, deformação permanente à compressão, abrasão e dureza. A amostra com 75% apresentou maior maciez e menor deformação residual, sendo este um efeito positivo devido a redução da rigidez devido a inserção de borracha aos compostos, no entanto, devido a incompatibilidade das blendas e declínio significativo das propriedades mecânicas analisadas, a amostra sem borracha regenerada apresenta melhor potencial de reciclagem e de aplicação a qual a pesquisa a destina. Estima-se que a melhoria de propriedade pode ser alcançada com uso de agente compatibilizante que favoreça a adesão entre os materiais.
Effectiveness of ozone therapy in the treatment of periodontal diseases: a systematic review
Authors: PALMA Pamella Valente , CUNHA Rafaela de Oliveira , LEITE Isabel Cristina Gonçalves
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ozone as an adjuvant factor in the treatment of periodontal diseases. A systematic review was carried out using the PubMed, LILACS/BIREME, CoChrane, and Scielo databases and manual searches. Clinical studies published in English, Spanish, Portuguese, and French, between 1950 and 2020 that evaluated the effects of ozone in the treatment of periodontal diseases were included. The search resulted in 178 articles, of which 24 met the proposed eligibility criteria and were selected for this review. The risk of bias was assessed for each selected study in accordance with the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool - version 5.1.0. The selected studies evaluated the effect of ozone therapy on periodontitis, gingivitis, and peri-implant diseases. It was observed that the ozone in its oily form presented the best clinical results. In cases of periodontitis, it was concluded that ozone therapy in the gaseous form did not bring any additional benefit. With respect to gingivitis, ozone provided faster remission compared to the control group. And in peri-implant disease cases, ozone had the capacity to reduce the development of mucositis. Regarding microbiology, it was observed that ozone can continuously and significantly reduce periodontal microorganisms; however, with no difference from control groups. Further studies with adequate control of biases are suggested, using ozone in the oily or aqueous form, which are the most promising forms, also evaluating the possible effectiveness of ozone by-products.
Wheat grain biofortification for essential amino acids
Authors: Loro Murilo Vieira , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Cargnelutti Filho Alberto , Hoffmann Jessica Fernanda , Kehl Kassiana
Published: March 2023

Abstract The objective of this work was to select wheat genotypes aiming to increase the essential amino acids in their grains. The study was carried out in the 2019 crop year, in a randomized complete block design, organized in a 5x5 factorial arrangement – five environments in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Cachoeira do Sul, Cruz Alta, Santo Augusto, São Gabriel, and Vacaria), and five wheat genotypes ('BRS Parrudo', 'Marfim', 'Quartzo', 'TBIO Mestre', and 'TBIO Sinuelo') –, with two replicates. Polar metabolites were extracted from the flour of the ground wheat grains, derivatized, and evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Both variance components and genetic parameters were estimated for the metabolites. To select the genotypes for the traits of interest, the multi-trait index based on factor analysis and ideotype design, the multi-trait genotype-ideotype distance index, and the multi-trait stability index were applied. The wheat genotypes express a high genetic variability and selection possibility for gentiobiose, butyric acid, galactopyranosyl, phenylalanine, tryptophan, leucine, and isoleucine. The 'Marfim' genotype remains stable for essential amino acid levels in the studied environments. The 'Quartzo' genotype stands out in the expression of leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan in its grains.
Small Specialty Coffee Farmers’ Decision-Making Factors in an Asymmetric Information Market Environment
Authors: Ramírez Gustavo Pena , Diaz Jhon Jairo Vega , Wentzel Arnold
Published: March 2023

The global “Specialty Coffee” (SC) market is expected to grow from USD 53.67 Billion in 2021 to USD 152.69 Billion by 2030, at a CAGR of 12.32% during the forecast period 2022-2030. This growth mainly depends on prices coordinating the SC supply chain through information exchange. However, the current coffee price crisis threatens the sustainability of the coffee industry and the livelihoods of millions of coffee-growing families due the information asymmetries. This study investigates the determinants of SC prices that influence the optimal selling decision of small SC farmers, then as main contribution of this study we hypothesised that seven factors determine SC prices, factors which have been studied by different researchers but in an isolated manner, taking into account these factors at the same time, small specialty coffee farmers could make optimal selling decisions by choosing the best coffee price. The study used: IBM software chi-squared statistic and thematic analysis to determine the mean selling decisions factors which stablish the price of coffee. Primarily data was collected from 52 small SC farmers from Planadas Tolima involved in the local business adopting a purposive sampling technique. Research findings revealed a positive correlation between price and the seven independent variables object of this study with a significance of 95%. We concluded that there is a need to consider the variables being studied to solve the information asymmetries in the small SC industry so farmers can make optimal selling decisions. As knowledge of the availability of market information factors examined along the coffee supply chain is deeply understood, we might be able to provide the measurement of information asymmetry in the SC industry and propose a solution in order to solve the SC market disparities to benefit small farmers.
3.10.7	START-UP AND CONTROL
Authors: Mishkinis Donatas , Chisholm D.
Published: March 2023

Remove existing Sections 3.10.1-3.10.7 from the folder for Part 3 and replace with the revised Sections.
3.26.1	HEAT TRANSFER IN REFRIGERATION APPLICATIONS: INTRODUCTION
Authors: Hermes Christian J. L. , Barbosa Jader R.
Published: March 2023

Sections 3.26.1 - 3.26.6 - Place in folder for Part 3 after Section 3.25.
3.26.3	HEAT TRANSFER IN REFRIGERATION APPLICATIONS: MECHANICAL VAPOUR
Authors: Hermes Christian J. L. , Barbosa Jader R.
Published: March 2023

Sections 3.26.1 - 3.26.6 - Place in folder for Part 3 after Section 3.25.