bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of 2-(Substituted Amino)-N-(6-Substituted-1,3-Benzothiazol-2yl) Acetamide
Authors: Pawar Smita , Kale Amol , Zori Priya , Zope Dhanashri
Published: June 2024

Background:

The development of antimicrobial agents is crucial for several reasons,
primarily to combat infectious diseases and to address the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance.
The need for the continued development of antimicrobial drugs persists despite the presence
of many existing drugs for several reasons, viz emerging new pathogens and diseases, resistance
to existing drugs, and propagation of multidrug resistance to existing drugs.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to synthesize and evaluate the antimicrobial potential of
newly synthesized benzothiazole derivatives.

Methods:

A new series of 2-(substituted amino)-N-(6-substituted-1,3-benzothiazol-2yl)acetamide
BTC(a-t) has been synthesized by reacting it with chloracetyl chloride with substituted 2-amino
benzothiazole and further refluxed with various substituted amines to obtain target compounds.
The synthesized compounds were screened experimentally for their antimicrobial property against
gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi. The zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory
concentration of compounds were determined against selected bacterial and fungal strains. Further
docking study was carried out to check the probable interactions with the selected protein using
V-life MDS 3.5 software (DNA gyrase, PDB: 3G75).

Result:

Compounds BTC-j N-(6-methoxy-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-2-(pyridine-3-ylamino)acetamide
and BTC-r N-(6-nitro-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-2-(pyridine-3-ylamino)acetamide were
found to have good antimicrobial potential. The compound BTC-j showed good antibacterial activity
against S. aureus at an MIC value of 12.5 μg/mL, B. subtilis at MIC of 6.25μg/mL, E. coli
at MIC of 3.125μg/mL, and P. aeruginosa at MIC of 6.25μg/mL. Thus, from the result, it was observed
that compounds BTC-j, BTC-f, BTC-n, and BTC-r exhibited significant antibacterial and
antifungal potential at different concentrations.

Conclusion:

The present study resulted in the successful synthesis of 2-acetamido substituted benzothiazole
derivatives BTC(a-t) with good yields. The dock score of the compounds and the antimicrobial
activity were found to be consistent. No statistical difference in the antimicrobial activity
of the standard and test compounds was found, indicating that the test compounds have comparable
activity. Therefore, benzothiazole linked to heterocyclic rings with an acetamide linkage
may serve as promising lead molecules for further optimization in the journey to discover potent
antibacterial agents. Thus, we conclude that the synthesized compounds have the potential for further
development as novel antimicrobial agents.
Early Outcomes of Hirschsprung's Disease after Definitive Surgery: A
Ten-Year Experience
Authors: Isa Muntadhar Muhammad , Syukri Maimun , ZA Muchlisin , Gunadi  , Syahputra Dian Adi , Yusriadi T. , Muzakkir Yumna , Maghfirah Siti
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

This study aimed to examine the characteristics of Hirschsprung’s Disease (HD) in patients aged<18 who underwent surgical procedure at Dr. Zainoel Abidin (RSUDZA) General Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, between January 2010 and December 2020.

Methods:

This retrospective study collected and analyzed data from medical records of 18-yearold or younger children (n = 180) diagnosed with HD at RSUDZA. The surgical procedures included the Duhamel procedure, Soave procedure, the Soave Transanal Endorectal Pull-through
(TEPT) procedure, and the Swenson TEPT procedure. Early outcomes of the surgery were then
compared between males and females. The comparrative analysis was determined based on Chisquare analysis, where p<0.05 was considered significant.

Results:

There were 111 (61.7%) male patients and 69 (38.3%) female patients, with a mean age
of 15.2 months. The Soave TEPT is the most frequently performed procedure (91.7%). Emerging
clinical manifestations include constipation (176; 97.8%) and soiling (171; 95%). Preoperative barium enema and postoperative pathological examination confirmed that almost all patients (99.4%)
had an aganglionic segment confined to the rectosigmoid area. The average length of operation
was 69.7 ± 65 minutes and average bleeding time was 5.4 ± 34 mL. The average discharge time
was 3.3 ± 73.3 days. No significant difference was found in post-surgery complications between
males and females (p>0.5). The immediate complications were not associated with surgical methods (p = 0.83).

Conclusion:

Our descriptive study has suggested the Soave TEPT technique as appropriate to manage HD.
Research Progress in Chemical Synthesis and Biosynthesis of Bioactive Imidazole Alkaloids
Authors: Liu Bing , Wu Jinhua , Zhu Ting , Tian Xue , Chen Ning , Li Wenlan , Li Ting
Published: June 2024

The imidazole ring is a five membered ring with a simple chemical structure and is widely
present in natural products. Due to its unique chemical structure, it is beneficial for the imidazole
ring to bind with other functional groups, thus exhibiting a wide range of biological activities. The
synthesis of imidazole derivatives often involves the Debus method, Michael addition method, and
the use of existing materials to synthesize target compounds through one-pot synthesis. Imidazole
compounds have numerous medicinal properties and physiological activities, including antioxidant,
antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antihistamine, hypoglycemic, antiviral, antihypertensive and anticancer
effects. In addition to its medicinal chemical significance, imidazole also has industrial applications
such as corrosion inhibitors, flame retardants, photography, and electronics. The synthesis
and activity research of imidazole and its derivatives have good development prospects. This article
reviews the chemical synthesis and biosynthesis of imidazole derivatives, as well as their biological
activities.
Advancements in Artificial Intelligence-mediated Fabrication of 3D, 4D, and 5D Printed for Fabrication of Drug Delivery Formulations
Authors: Yadav Shivani , Mishra Manoj Kumar
Published: June 2024

:

One of the most powerful and inventive fabrication techniques used to create novel
structures and solid materials using precise additive manufacturing technology is 5D and 4D
printing, which is an improved version of 3D printing. It catches people's attention because of its
capacity to generate fast, highly complex, adaptable product design and fabrication. Real-time
sensing, change adaptation, and printing state prediction are made possible by this technology
with the use of artificial intelligence (AI). The process of 3D printing involves the use of sophisticated
materials and computer-aided design (CAD) with tomography scanning controlled by artificial
intelligence (AI). The printing material is deposited according to the specifications of the file,
typically in STL format; however, the printing process takes time.4D printing, which incorporates
intelligent materials with time as a fourth dimension, can solve this drawback. About 80% of the
time will be saved by this technique's self-repair and self-assembly qualities. One limitation of 3D
printing is that it cannot print complex shapes with curved surfaces. However, this limitation can
be solved by using 5D printing, which uses rotation of the print bed and extruder head to achieve
additive manufacturing in five different axes. Some printed materials are made sensitive to temperature,
humidity, light, and other parameters so they can respond to stimuli. With its effective
and efficient manufacturing for the necessary design precision, this review assesses the potential
of these procedures with AI intervention in medicine and pharmacy.
Ultrasound-assisted Extraction of β-glucan from Vietnam Pleurotus Citrinopileatus Enhances Anti-oxidant Activities
Authors: Nguyen Dung Tien , Nguyen Phuong Thi , Nguyen Bang Văn , Nguyen Chau Que , Vu Nhung Hong , Hoang Phuong Thi , La Duong Duc , Nguyen Phuong Thi Hoai
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Pleurotus citrinopileatus is a natural source of antioxidants and immune system support. Studies have shown that the glucan content in fresh Pleurotus citrinopileatus ranges from 10 to 40% by weight.

Methods:

β-glucan is extracted from Pleurotus citrinopileatus mainly by the hydrothermal
method. In this study, β-glucan was collected from Pleurotus citrinopileatus using an ultrasound-assisted hydrothermal method. Beta-glucan from Vietnam Pleurotus citrinopileatus was
evaluated through FTIR, UV-Vis, and SEM imaging. The optical absorption maximum of the
extract was recorded at a wavelength of 257 nm. The infrared wave bands in the dried product
were found to have characteristic functional groups of polysaccharide compounds. The morphology of β-glucan is a fiber with a diameter of 10÷15 um.

Results:

Bioassays of the antioxidant and immunogenicity of β-glucan from Pleurotus citrinopileatus using this technique are feasible.

Conclusion:

The study results show the potential of green and economic chemistry methods in
extracting β-glucan from Pleurotus citrinopileatus.
A Comprehensive Review on Transformative Role of Polymer in
Advancing Pharmaceutical Drug Delivery System
Authors: Bole Sandesh , Kothawade Sachin , Wagh Vaibhav , Pande Vishal
Published: June 2024

:

The present analysis study emphasizes the polymers that are used to deliver therapeutic
agents through pharmaceutical drugs. Among such dosage forms are tablets, patches, cassettes,
films, semi-solids, and powders. The use of biodegradable polymers is becoming more
and more common. They can degrade into non-toxic monomers, and, more significantly, they
can be used to make controlled-release devices that release medications at a steady rate. Natural
polymers may facilitate the distribution of medications at predetermined rates. Their readily
available nature and advantageous physico-chemical characteristics make them a good candidate
for use in drug delivery systems. Due to their well-established biocompatibility and biodegradability,
biodegradable polymers possess extensive application within the biomedical field. In the
biomedical sector, polymers are typically utilized as implants because of their ability to provide
long-term capabilities. These advancements help to lessen adverse effects and other side effects
while simultaneously increasing the effectiveness of healthcare. The suffering that the sick endure.
Polymers are mainly used to extend the release period of pharmaceuticals and shield them
against physiological circumstances. The polymer releases medication to promote swelling,
breakdown, and diffusion. The review also presents mucoadhesive functions and characteristics.
Systems for delivering medications already make use of plant-based polymers.
Micro-Milli Scale for the Removal of Iron and Copper by a Positively
Charged Foam before Nickel Colorimetric Detection using Handy
Spectrometer
Authors: Ayutthaya Piyanat Issarangkura Na , Vongboot Monnapat
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Simple alternative detection of nickel with iron and copper as interferences was proposed. The procedure was based on sampling a milligram sample and a micro-milliliter operation.

Methods:

The method has been applied to jewelry items. A 50 mg sample was digested by 5 mL of nitric acid with heating. The obtained solution was added with KSCN before passing through polyurethane foam (PUF) (1 cm i.d. × 8 cm length). Some metal ions-SCN complexed (e.g., Fe(III) and Cu(II)) were retained in the column while Ni(II) ions were in the eluate. A 200-500 µL aliquot was added with 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol (PAR) as the color reagent. At least 30 µL of a portion was measured for the absorbance of the color product using a handy spectrometer.

Results:

The positively charged foam could remove iron and copper altogether before
determining nickel. A standard calibration was a plot of absorbance versus Ni(II) concentration
for 1-30 mg/L: absorbance = 0.0123[Ni(II), mg/L] + 0.0435 (R2=0.9945) with a limit of
detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.24 mg/L and 0.81 mg/L, respectively. Two
bracelet samples showed the presence of nickel at 0.97 ± 0.25 and 0.27 ± 0.04 mg/g,
respectively, and agreed with the reference FlameAAS method.

Conclusion:

The proposed method could be used to assay nickel in samples containing high
levels of iron and copper, such as jewelry. This will benefit general wearers with health concerns
associated with nickel, particularly in case of inexpensive accessories. The handy spectrometer
used in the study might make be helpful to carry out these studies with a limited tight budget.
Application of Image Processing for COVID-19: A Review
Authors: Biswas Suparna
Published: June 2024

The outburst of COVID-19 was first detected in Wuhan city of China as an unidentified
viral disease at the end of 2019, and consequently it has spread all over the world as a pandemic.
COVID-19 mostly spreads through close contact, respiratory droplets through coughing, talking and
sneezing, and cluster infections. Different countries have invented different vaccines to stabilize the
pandemic situation. But until now, it is not stabilized and every day, a large percentage of people are
getting infected and sometimes, in severe cases, it results in the loss of life. Many researchers are
working in different ways to protect, diagnose, and early detection of coronavirus disease (COVID-
19). Different image processing techniques, along with modern technologies like machine learning,
Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning, have already been used to fight against this disease. In this
study, we have reviewed all applications of image processing for the diagnosis of COVID-19 patients
in detail. At first, we reviewed X-ray image-based techniques to diagnose COVID-19 patients
along with their drawbacks and results. Then CT scan picture-based various techniques are discussed
for the diagnosis and for the treatment of this disease. At last, we have reviewed different ultrasound
images based on various techniques to measure the severity of COVID-19 patients. All techniques
are discussed with their merits and demerits along with their applications.
Current Therapeutic Strategies for Buruli Ulcer
Authors: Bhatia Manisha , Chaudhary Jasmine , Jain Akash , Dhingra Ashwani
Published: June 2024

The skin is a multifaceted organ with varied functions, but its exposure to
various environmental conditions, including exposure to ultraviolet light, trauma, and
infections, makes it more prone to ulcers. Ageing, poor lifestyle, and certain diseases,
like obesity, hypertension, diabetes, etc., further exaggerate the cause. Skin ulcers are
wounds (sores) often caused by reduced blood flow leading to absolute loss of the
epidermal layer along with parts of the dermis or subcutaneous fat, and thus have
tremendously slow healing affinity. Buruli ulcer (BU), or Bairnsdale is a type of
necrotizing skin ulcer mainly caused by the bacterium, Mycobacterium ulcerans, and
characterized initially by the formation of papules or nodules (edematous lesions),
which further progresses to chronic skin ulceration as a result of epidermal hyperplasia,
collagen destruction, and vascular damage in the underlying dermis and subcutis. It is
considered one of the 20 neglected diseases of the skin by the World Health
Organization (WHO). Although scattered in more than 33 countries, its prevalence is
the highest in West Africa and this incidence has risen manifold during the last few
years, which might be due to deforestation, artificial topographic alterations, and
increased manual agriculture. Mycolactone, a polyketide-based immunosuppressive
macrolide, is considered the major factor responsible for the pathogenesis of the
disease. Its high toxicity dampens the immune system, causing extensive tissue
destruction mainly in skin cells and minute blood vessels, leading to ulceration and
skin loss. Generally, a combination of rifampicin with streptomycin, amikacin,
clarithromycin, or ciprofloxacin along with oral prednisolone for eight weeks is
specified as a first-line treatment. Surgery to remove necrotic tissue, BCG vaccination
for short-term protection, and physiotherapy to promote healing are also found
beneficial. To combat this deadly disease, enhanced public education and awareness
through outreach initiatives is a must as prevention is always considered better than
cure. Further studies in this area may be helpful in investigating more treatment
regimens along with various ways by which the occurrence of Buruli ulcer can be
avoided. The present study is therefore designed to compile all relevant literature,
which can serve as an important lead for further investigations in this area of research.
Diseases of Non-Tuberous Medicinal Plants
Authors: Khan Mujeebur Rahman , Haque Ziaul , Shah Mohammad Haniph , Zamir Seemab , Pandey Kartikey , Singh Archana
Published: June 2024

Medicinal plants constitute an important group of horticultural crops and
many non-tuberous medicinal plants viz., aloe vera (Aloe vera), basil (Ocimum
sanctum), mentha (Mentha arvensis), noni (Morinda citrifolia), isabgol (Plantago
ovata), mulethi or liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra), rosa grass (Cymbopogan nardus),
etc. are currently used to prepare stimulants, tonics, carminatives, and expectorants.
Various biotic and abiotic stresses affect the production of these medicinal crops.
Among the biotic stresses, diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes
are major constraints. Diseases of aloe vera (such as anthracnose, dry rot, rust, soft rot),
noni (dry rot, leaf blight, soft rot, root-knot), basil (anthracnose, leaf spot. powdery
mildew, wilt), mentha (leaf spot, root-rot, rust, wilt), isabgol (Downey mildew, wilt),
rosa grass (leaf blight. Red leaf spot), liquorice (leaf spot, root-rot) pose a serious risk
to the successful cultivation of these medicinal plants. The economically significant
diseases of non-tuberous medicinal plants are discussed and the relevant information is
described in this chapter.
Identity is a Verb (which makes Inclusion a Methodological Challenge)
Authors: Hermes Joke
Published: June 2024

Congratulations DiGeST on this ten-year anniversary! Thinking about research agendas, I find that decades as a unit of time make me hop scotch back several. For three decades now (cultural) citizenship has been my key concept of choice. In alignment with the core focus of this journal, I have tried to understand and employ 'inclusion' as a key part of the 'doing' of cultural citizenship: the way in which others – like me and unlike me –, use media culture (and especially popular entertainment from sports to TV drama, to games, to social media) to relate to what is going on in the world and to come to implicit and explicit definitions of what is best for the most of us. I do so with a strong investment in feminism, far more than in gender, as such. Don't get me wrong: gender is important, but sensitivity to power and structural inequality is more urgent. Dignity and respect for all matters more than individualizing definitions of core or essential selves. A paradox, obviously, as this is exactly what others may be invested in.
Assimilationism, Sexual Nationalism, and the Backlash Against Gender and Sexuality
Authors: Mepschen Paul
Published: June 2024

Fifteen years ago my co-authors and I wrote an article discussing the politics of sexual nationalism in the Netherlands (Mepschen at al., 2010). We argued that gay and lesbian emancipation had come to center almost solely on the political idea of the “integration” of alleged sexual and religious others into the Dutch moral community. We pointed out that the Dutch case was exemplary of wider European developments. In various European countries we have witnessed complex transformations in the relationship between the nation and the question of sexual democracy (Fassin, 2012). Lesbian and gay rights and discourses have been weaponized to frame Western Europe as the “avatar of both freedom and modernity” (Butler 2008, 2) and depict its Muslim citizens and others with a migration background as backwards and homophobic. In the words of the queer theorist Jasbir Puar (2007), who coined the term ‘homonationalism,’ gay rights have been recast as an “optic, and an operative technology” in the production and disciplining of Muslim Others (See also Rahman 2014.) Cases of homophobia among Muslim and migrant citizens are highlighted, treated as archetypal, and cast within Orientalist narratives that underwrite the superiority of European secular modernity. Homophobia is increasingly represented as peripheral to Western European culture (Mepschen 2017). As I see it, we still live in the same historical moment: the notion of sexual nationalism is more relevant than ever. But at the same time, things are changing. Before we get to that, a short overview of what has been discussed in the last fifteen years.
The Visual Life Story of a Self-made Economic Man: The Painting Series of Willem Albert Scholten (1819-1892) as an Autobiographical Practice
Authors: Dwarswaard Marieke
Published: June 2024

Between 1870 and 1880, Willem Albert Scholten (1819-1892) commissioned fifteen paintings by twelve different painters, portraying different formative episodes from his lifetime. During this decade, Scholten was on his way to becoming one of the wealthiest inhabitants of the city of Groningen, his hometown in the Netherlands. He acquired this wealth by exploiting factories throughout and outside the Netherlands, making his company one of the first Dutch multinationals. The events these paintings portray have been described in a small booklet and an autobiography written during Scholten's lifetime, both commissioned by him. This combination of paintings and text is crucial in understanding how Scholten presented himself. This article will describe how Scholten built his origin story, which follows a plot similar to that of Benjamin Franklin: the self-made economic man. The article will examine how the paintings and written records reinforce one another, creating a visual narrative.
Patterns of Public Interest in Lipomas and Lipoma-Removal Procedures (Preprint)
Authors: Duggal Keenan
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Lipomas are benign tumors composed of encapsulated adipocytes. Although relatively common, uncertainty remains about the population-level prevalence, the etiology, and -- especially relevant to clinicians -- the degree of public interest in lipomas and associated removal procedures.

OBJECTIVE

I set out to characterize spatiotemporal patterns of public interest in lipomas and lipoma removal procedures.

METHODS

I analyzed Google Trends data reporting the relative search volume (RSV) of Google queries pertaining to lipomas and their removal procedures at national and international scales. To contextualize these trends, I compared the RSV for the medical condition to that of several other common dermatological conditions in the United States.

RESULTS

In the United States, lipomas have consistently generated lower levels of public interest than other common dermatological conditions, but interest in the condition has been rising since the mid-2010s. Across the world, public interest in lipomas appears to be highest in pockets of Eastern Europe, whereas in the United States, relative interest has been higher in Midwestern and Southern states. In parallel, interest in lipoma removal procedures has risen steadily from 2004 to the present, with particularly high relative search volumes coming from Southwestern states

CONCLUSIONS

Dermatologists and plastic surgeons should be aware of the increasing public interest in lipomas and lipoma-removal procedures. Clinical awareness is especially important in states with elevated interest in the condition and its associated removal procedures.
Bridging the Gap in Carbohydrate Counting with A Mobile Application: A Needs Assessment survey. (Preprint)
Authors: Housni Asmaa , Katz Alexandra , Bergeron Lucien Junior , Simard Alain , Finkel Ashley , Roy-Fleming Amélie , Nakhla Meranda Michel , Brazeau Anne-Sophie
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Carbohydrate counting (CC) can be burdensome and difficulty with adherence have been reported. Automated CC through mobile applications offers innovative solutions to ease this burden.

OBJECTIVE

A cross-sectional online survey was conducted to identify 1) perceived barriers to CC by Canadians living with type 1 diabetes (T1D), and 2) app-features that would help reduce these barriers. As a secondary objective, apps being used by participants were compared with the suggested app-features.

METHODS

Participants completed a 39-closed- and open-ended question online survey to identify barriers in CC, preferred CC app-features, and current CC app use. Respondents rated the importance of barriers and proposed app-features using a 5-point Likert scale.

RESULTS

Participants (n=196: 74% women, mean age 40±17 years, mean diabetes duration 22±14 years, 91% relied on CC to determine insulin doses at mealtimes) reported carbohydrate identification barriers, nutrient interaction and insulin dose calculation barriers, as well as psychosocial barriers. App-feature preferences emphasized the need for features for nutrient analysis (84%), personalization of the app (77%), insulin bolus calculation (74%), and support from healthcare professionals (69%). The rated features were cross-referenced in each app reported being used by participants (n=16 different apps). Most apps allowed nutrient analysis. However, none offered personalization, one app calculated bolus dose, and only one app provided support from healthcare professionals.

CONCLUSIONS

Currently used CC mobile apps do not meet the needs of people with T1D. A novel CC app with app-features such as photo recognition, reliable nutrient values and personalized bolus calculations could reduce CC burden.
Two-year Follow-up of Internet-based Parent Training with Telephone Coaching Aimed at Treating Child Disruptive Behaviors in a Clinical Setting during the COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Sourander Saana , Westerlund Minja , Baumel Amit , Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki Susanna , Ristkari Terja , Kurki Marjo , Sourander Andre
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

There is a lack of studies examining the long-term outcomes of internet-based parent training programs implemented in clinical settings during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE

To study two-year outcomes of families with 3–8-year-old children referred from family counseling centers to the Finnish Strongest Families Smart Website (SFSW), which provides digital parent training with telephone coaching aimed at treating child disruptive behaviors.

METHODS

Counseling centers in Helsinki identified 50 3–8-year-old children with high levels of disruptive behavioral problems. Child psychopathology and functioning as well as parenting styles and parental mental health were reported by parents at baseline, posttreatment and at 6-, 12- and 24-month follow-ups.

RESULTS

The SFSW program had positive long-term change on child psychopathology and parenting skills. Improvements in child psychopathology, including Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) total score (Cohen’s d = 0.47, p < .001), SDQ conduct scores (Cohen’s d = 0.65; p < .001) and Affective Reactivity Index (ARI) irritability scores (Cohen’s d = 0.52; p < .001) were maintained until the 24-month follow-up. Similarly, changes of parenting skills measured with the Parenting Scale, including overreactivity (Cohen’s d = 0.41; p = .001) and laxness (Cohen’s d = 0.26; p = .021), were maintained until the 24-month follow-up. However, parental hostility changes were not maintained at long-term follow-up (Cohen’s d = −0.04; p = .70).

CONCLUSIONS

The study shows that the SFSW parent training program can yield significant long-term benefits. Findings indicate that the benefits of the treatment may vary between different parenting profiles, which is important to consider when developing more personalized parenting interventions.

CLINICALTRIAL
Virtual, augmented and mixed reality for motor neurorehabilitation: a systematic methodological review focused on the role of body representation (Preprint)
Authors: Magrini Massimo , Curzio Olivia , Dolciotti Cristina , Donzelli Gabriele , Imiotti Maria Cristina , Minichilli Fabrizio , Moroni Davide , Bongioanni Paolo
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

In neurorehabilitation, virtual reality (VR) applications cover a wide range of areas, including the rehabilitation of patients with various types of brain and spinal cord injuries. VR provides the subject multisensory feedback, enhancing neuronal plasticity within the sensorimotor cortex.

OBJECTIVE

The systematic review critically analyses the existing literature on VR applications related to motor problems and somatic representation to propose new tools and experiments.

METHODS

The Protocol was registered in the international database for systematic reviews PROSPERO (ID: 481092 - 22 November 2023). The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Guidelines. To implement the search string, a broad overview of previous literature reviews in the field was developed. The databases PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science (7 December 2023) were explored, and data regarding study design, methodology, participant characteristics, specific devices and instruments used and tested, body representation, and virtual somatic embodiment were collected. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies; for case report studies, a dedicated scale was used.

RESULTS

The review included 26 studies, mainly clinical trials on neurological patients. Internationally, VR technologies in the period 2008-2023 have evolved significantly; the emergence of inexpensive devices such as Oculus Rift and HTC Vive has stimulated research in this area. The best results have been achieved for patients with sensorimotor deficits. In VR systems, users experience a first- or third-person view (where their avatar is present) of the synthetic world around them. All included studies used the first-person perspective, which was found to be most effective. Five studies incorporated EEG for recording brain responses during experiments, while two studies used transcranial stimulators to enhance the effect of the VR intervention. A couple of studies employed other kinds of devices, such as eye trackers. Regarding the 3D engine used, Unity 3D remains the preferred choice for the development of VR applications in research due to its ease of learning and seamless integration with devices.

CONCLUSIONS

The review of the selected studies shows that the use of VR devices enhances reinforcement learning, thereby improving motor and cognitive recovery. The emerging operational proposition supports the use of tailor-made techniques in the rehabilitation setting - aimed at improving and evaluating the outcomes of therapeutic interventions in the treatment of neurological patients.

CLINICALTRIAL

International database for systematic reviews PROSPERO, ID: 481092 - 22 November 2023.
Identifying Opportunities and Challenges in the Application of Natural Language Processing in Teaching and Learning Chinese for University Students: The Case of Viettel AI Platform in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Anh Quang
Published: June 2024

This study aims to identify the opportunities and challenges in applying Natural Language Processing (NLP) to teach and learn Chinese among university students, focusing on the case of the Viettel AI Platform in Vietnam. The research method primarily involves analyzing relevant literature and reports to evaluate the effectiveness and difficulties encountered in implementing NLP technology in education. By synthesizing existing studies and data from Viettel AI, this study provides a comprehensive overview of how NLP can enhance the learning experience, improve teaching methodologies, and support personalized education. The findings reveal significant opportunities, such as automated assessment, customized learning recommendations, and interactive learning tools, which can benefit students and educators significantly. However, challenges such as technical complexities, the need for substantial training for teachers and students, and the requirement for robust infrastructure are also highlighted. The study concludes with recommendations for optimizing NLP applications in educational contexts and suggests further directions for future research to advance the integration of NLP in language education.
"ФЕМТОСКАН ОНЛАЙН": ОБРАБОТКА И ФИЛЬТРАЦИЯ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЙ
Authors: Ахметова А.И. , Яминский Д.И. , Яминский И.В.
Published: June 2024

Уникальные возможности атомно-силового микроскопа (АСМ), включая получение изображений сверхвысокого разрешения, наноманипулирование и способность работать в физиологических условиях, открыли интересные возможности для исследований в биологии и биомедицине. АСМ-визуализация применительно к биологическм объектам позволяет раскрыть тонкую структуру клеток на наноуровне и то, как они изменяются в процессе жизнедеятельности или под действием препаратов. Зачастую такие динамические события могут вносить дополнительные искажения на изображения, от которых экспериментатор может избавиться с помощью специальных приложений. В данной работе рассмотрены функции ПО "ФемтоСкан Онлайн" применительно к обработке изображений зондовой микроскопии, улучшению качества изображения, уменьшению шумов и повышению информативности данных.
ОРИГИНАЛЬНОСТЬ БЕЗ ПРИВИЛЕГИЙ: СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ЭЛЕКТРОФОРМОВАННЫХ И СТАНДАРТНЫХ НИТРОЦЕЛЛЮЛОЗНЫХ МЕМБРАН В ИММУНОАНАЛИЗЕ НА МЕЛАТОНИН
Authors: Замалутдинова С.В. , Петрова П.А. , Рамонова А.А. , Багров Д.В.
Published: June 2024

Электроформование позволяет создавать полимерные мембраны, состоящие из нановолокон. Эти мембраны находят применение в различных задачах фильтрации, изготовления раневых покрытий и тканеинженерных конструкций, а кроме того, их рассматривают как перспективные подложки для иммуноанализа. Несмотря на активный интерес научного сообщества к применению электроформованных мембран для иммуноанализа, на настоящий момент не проведено их прямого сопоставления с мембранами, сформированными с помощью других технологий. В данной работе мы провели такое сопоставление и показали, что детекция мелатонина методом иммуноферментного анализа происходит практически одинаково на мембранах, изготовленных методом электроформования, и обычных коммерчески доступных мембранах.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПРОЦЕССА ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ НАНОЧАСТИЦ ДИОКСИДА МАРГАНЦА, СТАБИЛИЗИРОВАННЫХ АЛКИЛДИМЕТИЛБЕНЗИЛАММОНИЯ ХЛОРИДОМ
Authors: Нагдалян А.А. , Блинов А.В. , Кравцов А.А. , Закаева Р.Ш. , Леонтьев П.С. , Тараванов М.А. , Сенкова А.О.
Published: June 2024

Образцы наноразмерного диоксида марганца, стабилизированного алкилдиметилбензиламмония хлоридом, получали методом химического осаждения. В ходе оптимизации было выявлено, что для синтеза наночастиц диоксида марганца со средним гидродинамическим радиусом менее 1200 нм оптимальными параметрами синтеза являются: температура от 20 до 35 °С, масса KMnO4 от 4 до 5 г и концентрация стабилизатора от 4 до 5%. Исследование образцов методом сканирующей электронной микроскопии показало, что образец наноразмерного диоксида марганца, стабилизированного алкилдиметилбензиламмония хлоридом сформирован агрегатами неправильной формы размером от 1 до 75 мкм, которые состоят из наночастиц диаметром от 50 до 250 нм. Методом рентгеновской дифрактометрии исследована структура и установлено, что полученный образец обладает тетрагональной кристаллической решеткой, имеющей пространственную группу I4/m; о присутствии данной фазы говорит наличие слабоинтенсивных уширенных пиков. В результате анализа данных, полученных при моделировании взаимодействия молекулы алкилдиметилбензиламмония хлорида и оксида марганца через азот установлено, что представленные соединения являются энергетически выгодными (∆E = 1299,571 ккал/моль), а взаимодействие происходит через азот. Данное соединение обладает значением химической жесткости η ≥ 0,030 эВ, что свидетельствует о его стабильности. В результате анализа ИК-спектров алкилдиметилбензиламмония хлорида и наноразмерного диоксида марганца, стабилизированного алкилдиметилбензиламмония хлоридом, можно сделать вывод о том, что взаимодействие между алкилдиметилбензиламмония хлоридом и диоксидом марганца происходит через азот.
Gobernanza de la Inteligencia Artificial mediada por gobierno de TIC en la Educación Superior: Literatura científica y no convencional, 2020-2023
Authors: Castañeda de León Luz María
Published: June 2024

El presente trabajo constituye una primera aproximación a la gobernanza de la inteligencia artificial mediada por el gobierno de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en las instituciones de educación superior, con el objeto de identificar si el marco de gobierno de las TIC requiere trasformaciones intrínsecas para gobernar a la inteligencia artificial. Metodología: Búsqueda sistemática basada en PRISMA. Conclusiones: (1) los marcos de gobierno de TIC requieren necesariamente adaptarse para un gobierno sensato de la IA. (2)  La literatura no convencional es, en la actualidad, el espacio donde se debate con mayor profundidad el gobierno de la inteligencia artificial.
Literature Review on Cognitive Style of Children with Language Disorders
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Hee Ran
Published: June 2024

Objectives We conducted a literature study on the research trends of cognitive styles of children with language disorders and we tried to investigate the effects of cognitive styles on their language defects.
Methods A total of 21 cognitive style studies conducted on children with language disorders since 2000 have analyzed the characteristics and subjects of research, cognitive style types, and related factors.
Results First, studies examining the characteristics of working memory according to the cognitive style of children with language disorders were very limited in Korea. Studies related to academic achievement of school-age children were relatively active, along with studies on local treatment and weak central cohesion of children with autism categories. Various research attempts were confirmed to analyze the cognitive process of children with language disorders through cognitive styles, including language/visuospatial working memory. Second, the cognitive style types of children with language disorders could be classified into five categories: field dependent/independent, local/global processing, local processing and central cohesion, language and visuospatial working memory, and sequential/simultaneous processing.
Conclusions We discussed that understanding the cognitive strengths of children with poor learning or reading disabilities including SLI and language disorders is the most necessary task for language intervention and education.
A model for single-session career counseling for college students and Operation manual development
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Chon Eunhwa , Oh Eunjoo , Na Mihyeon
Published: June 2024

Objectives The purpose of this study is to develop a career counseling model and manual so that career counseling instructors (or school counselors) can provide career counseling services to students (clients) during one session (single session).
Methods For this purpose, we conducted a literature analysis and collected basic data by analyzing the current status of career counseling linked to career courses at D University in Gyeonggi-do. Based on basic data, the theoretical components of the research model were selected and the opinions of the expert group were collected to establish the research model. In the second Delphi survey, the suitability of the research model was verified and expert opinions were collected on the components of the career counseling manual. In the third Delphi survey, the validity of the single-session career counseling manual was verified.
Results The single-session career counseling model consisted of a total of four stages. Step 1 is the start/preparation step, step 2 is the in-depth exploration step, step 3 is the action execution step, and step 4 is the finishing step. The career counseling manual consists of a total of 6 chapters. Chapter 1 outlines single-session career counseling (definition of single-session career counseling, operating period, operation procedure), chapter 2 prepares for single-session career counseling (application and operation method for counseling, how to use Online, schedule management method, notes, Guidance on screening potential students and related support), Chapter 3, single-session career counseling process and strategies (4 stages of single-session career counseling, career counseling intervention strategies), Chapter 4, counseling guide by type of career problem (types of career counseling for college students and intervention strategies, majors) Cases according to satisfaction and goal setting), Chapter 5 Examination of counselor preparation behavior (consultation preparation checklist, basic role of counselor, communication checklist, core skills of counseling), Chapter 6 Appendix (Risk assessment of high-risk group, satisfaction with major, career goals), conflict situation, goal setting, list for career efficacy, etc.).
Conclusions A model was developed so that career course instructors (counselors) could efficiently counsel many students (clients) within a limited time, and a manual was developed to facilitate smooth counseling activities. Although single-session counseling has existed for a long time, it is meaningful that a plan that can be practically used in a situation where there are not many studies has been prepared.
A Study On the Design of the Accreditation Criteria for on-line Education in University
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Eom Hee-Chang , Yu Byeong-Min
Published: June 2024

Objectives The purpose of this study is to establish a basic framework for online education quality management by developing certification indicators that have secured validity when universities implement a certification system to manage the quality of online education.
Methods To this end, through prior research and literature analysis, key elements, evaluation criteria, and confirmation factors were derived, and the initial certification index was developed with 4 certification criteria and 10 sub-criteria. As for the developed initial certification index, two Delphi surveys were conducted on the certification index for experts with experience in instructional design, curriculum, and educational quality management. After the first Delphi survey, the contents of the certification criteria with low validity scores were revised and supplemented through expert opinions for each item. In addition, by reflecting the opinions of experts that the certification index seems complex, the evaluation elements of the certification index were selected into two categories: design and development, and class operation, and the evaluation areas, sub-areas, confirmation factors, and evaluation criteria for each element were modified and supplemented. After the second Delphi survey, the contents of the certification criteria with low validity scores were revised and supplemented through expert opinions for each item.
Results After two Delphi surveys, the derived question items were determined by the final certification index data. The final certification index consisted of 2 evaluation elements, 7 evaluation areas and 11 sub-areas. The evaluation elements of the final certification index consisted of design, development, and instructional management, and the evaluation area consisted of lecture materials, teaching strategies, videos, presentation of learning activities, evaluation, feedback, and plan coincidence. The sub-areas consisted of presentation of learning objectives, learning materials, copyright notation, teaching strategies, video quality, class participation and interaction methods, presentation of evaluation items, task and evaluation appropriateness, learner management, learning activity feedback, and plan coincidence.
Conclusions It is significant in that it has developed certification indicators according to the characteristics of university online classes from existing certification indicators, and it is expected to provide a reference point to universities considering introducing a certification system to manage the quality of online classes in the future.
Comparison and analysis of the contents of social studies in early childhood education in Korea, Finland and Norway
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Jang Hyejin
Published: June 2024

Objectives This study compared and analyzed the content of social studies in early childhood education within the 2019 Revised Nuri Curriculum and the national curricula of Finland and Norway to explore implications for the content of social studies in Korea.
Methods The contents of social studies in early childhood education were extracted from the Nuri Curriculum, Finland's National Core Curriculum for early childhood education and care and Norway's Framework Plan for kindergartens. Each curriculum’s the contents of social studies were compared and analyzed based on the categories of social studies in early childhood education, social education curriculum topics from the American Social Education Association, and learning areas, categories, and contents.
Results The contents of social studies in early childhood education can be connected and integrated to a broader range of learning areas. Among the social science knowledge, economics and history can also be included in the curriculum. Self-awareness and self-respect, ethical thinking and philosophical questions, diversity issues, justice or fairness, critical perspectives, and practices and participation in the community will allow the scope and depth of the social studies in early childhood education.
Conclusions In comparison with Finland and Norway with a social pedagogy approach, a more integrated interdisciplinary approach to the social studies in early childhood education, balance between social development and social science knowledge, encouragement of young children's thinking processes, and active awareness of diversity, justice and fairness, and practice and participation are needed.
Analysis of Factors Influencing University Admission Type Preferences: the case of A University
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Park Yoonhee , Yim Suwon , Jang Wunmin , Kim Jisoo , Song Youngjoo
Published: June 2024

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that affect the choice of admission types among college students, including personal background, self-efficacy, autonomy, learning motivation, and major selection motivation.
Methods To achieve this goal, a survey was conducted on 1,099 students enrolled at A University in Seoul. Factors influencing admission type preferences were analyzed using chi-square tests, one-way ANOVA, and multinomial logistic regression.
Results Differences in admission type preferences emerged based on students' backgrounds, including the region and type of their high school, and the highest educational attainment of their guardians. Among personal characteristics, significant disparities in admission-type preferences were observed based on self-efficacy and major selection motivation. In relation to the origin of the high school, as the region shifted to Seoul and the metropolitan area, and as the educational attainment of male guardians increased, along with stronger intrinsic motives for major selection, the likelihood of opting for the regular comprehensive evaluation process increased. Conversely, in cases where the originating high school was located in urban or smaller cities, and when female guardians possessed higher educational qualifications, along with stronger extrinsic motives for major selection, there was an elevated probability of preferring the regular admission method.
Conclusions Given the variations in the backgrounds and attributes of students selecting university admission types, universities should take a keen interest not only in the selection process but also in academic and career support.