bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of thermal processing on the characteristics and chemical profile of ora-pro-nobis by PS/MS paper spray
Authors: Souza Antonio Henrique de , Silva Bárbara Moreira , Silva Ernani Clarete da , Augusti Rodinei , Melo Júlio Onésio Ferreira , Carlos Lanamar de Almeida
Published: February 2021

This work aimed to evaluate the influence of dry and wet heat processing on the antioxidant profile and antioxidant activity in ora-pro-nobis leaves. The leaves were collected, washed, and separated into three groups for the treatments: application of moist heat (hydrothermal cooking at 100 ºC / 4 minutes), application of dry heat (70 ºC / 8 hours), and control (raw material). The characteristics were evaluated: total soluble solids (SST), total solids (ST), pH, phenolic compounds (CPT), flavonoids (FT), anthocyanins (AT), antioxidant activity (AA). To identify the chemical profile and the chemical profile, fingerprints were obtained using PS / MS paper spray. The content of SST and ST decreased with moist heat. The CFT content increased with wet heat (12.43 ± 0.98) and decreased with dry heat (4.25 ± 0.93 g EAG 100 g-1). There was a decrease in the FT and AT content in the leaves processed with dry heat (132.67 ± 20.28 mg 100 g-1 and 19.70 ± 3.34 mg CG 100 g-1, respectively). AA decreased in both processes, which was higher in ora-pro-nobis leaves processed with dry heat (0.82 ± 0.0033 µmol ET g-1). 26 phenolic compounds were identified in the ora-pro-nob leaves by paper spray. The chemical profile, except for the substances 4,5-dimethyl-2,6-octadiene and methyl ester linolenic acid was not affected by thermal processing. Knowing the effect of food processing is important to understand the behavior of compounds that act beneficially on human health.
Vigilância em saúde de populações expostas a agrotóxicos: revisão de escopo
Authors: Ruths Jéssica Cristina , Simch Francielle Brustolin De Lima
Published: February 2021

O Brasil é um dos países que mais consome agrotóxicos no mundo e o número de estudos que identificam e acompanham ações de saúde voltadas para populações cronicamente expostas ainda é incipiente. Assim, objetivou-se identificar as ações de vigilância em saúde orientadas para populações expostas a agrotóxicos implantadas no Brasil. Foi realizada uma Revisão de Escopo nas bases de dados Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), Scielo, Cochrane e Pub Med. Foram empregados os descritores “Public Health Surveillance”, “Agrochemicals” e “Surveillance of the Workers Health”. Onze artigos fizeram parte desta revisão, foi possível identificar ações de vigilância em saúde para populações expostas a agrotóxicos em nove artigos, dois não identificaram nenhuma atividade no âmbito avaliado. Entre as principais ações identificadas estão a notificação de intoxicações por agrotóxicos, suporte para diagnóstico e tratamento de intoxicações, uso de sistemas de informação para gerenciamento de informações, capacitação técnica de profissionais da saúde, monitoramento de contaminações de água e alimentos e elaboração de Planos de Ação Estadual para Vigilância de Populações Expostas a Agrotóxicos. A literatura indica que efetivar práticas de vigilância em saúde para este público envolve processos intersetoriais e interdisciplinares que incorporem nas análises situacionais locais o processo produtivo do agronegócio.
Caracterização do atendimento antirrábico humano em Jataí, Goiás, no ano de 2014
Authors: Azevedo Dionatan Assis de , Martins Andressa Vaz , Ramos Dirceu Guilherme de Souza , Saturnino Klaus Casaro , Amaral Andreia Vitor Couto do , Romani Alana Flávia , Braga Ísis Assis , Cruz Carolina de Alvarenga , Sousa Daniel Bartoli de , Meirelles-Bartoli Raphaella Barbosa
Published: February 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico do atendimento antirrábico humano pré e pós-exposição, no município de Jataí - Goiás, no ano de 2014. Para tal, realizou-se um estudo descritivo referente aos atendimentos antirrábicos humanos inseridos no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Esses dados foram tabulados e analisados em planilhas do software Microsoft Office Excel 2010. Ocorreram 563 atendimentos antirrábicos humano em 2014, com grande maioria residente na zona urbana (98,4%). Do total de pacientes, 502 (89,16%) foram em busca de profilaxia pós-exposição, sendo que destes agravos, o principal tipo de exposição foi mordedura (96%), em mãos/pés (39,24%), com 83,07% dos acidentes com ferimentos únicos, e predomínio de lesões profundas (90,64%). Em relação ao animal agressor, a espécie mais frequente foi a canina (77,79%), 86,32% dos animais apresentaram-se sadios no momento do acidente, e houve a observação de 81,27% dos animais. A modalidade de tratamento mais indicada foi a observação do animal associada ao uso de vacina (78%), contudo, a efetivação da profilaxia prescrita ocorreu em apenas 83,30% dos casos. Conclui-se que o estudo contribuiu para a caracterização e entendimento do perfil epidemiológico da profilaxia antirrábica humana no município, evidenciando a importância da educação em saúde, da qualificação técnica dos profissionais que prestam o atendimento, e necessidade constante das ações de vigilância epidemiológica.
Jogos, Brincadeiras e Educação Infantil: notas acerca da construção de gênero
Authors: Matos Rosana Trindade de , Oliveira Márcio de , Vásquez Alícia Gonçalvez
Published: February 2021

O uso de jogos e brincadeiras no processo de aprendizagem de crianças pequenas é bastante recorrente no Brasil, de modo que as práticas pedagógicas acabam por fazer uso desses instrumentos para mediar o processo de ensino. A partir disso, o presente manuscrito discute acerca da função dos jogos e das brincadeiras na prática educativa da Educação Infantil, bem como a contribuição destes na construção do desenvolvimento e aprendizagens sobre gênero. Para alcançar ao objetivo, optamos por uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, caracterizando como um estudo qualitativo. Compreendemos que a Educação Infantil colabora para o desenvolvimento de processos emocionais, sociais e psicológicos da criança, o que abrange a compreensão acerca de si e do/a outro/a, incluindo as questões de gênero – aqui compreendidas como uma construção social, histórica, política e cultural. Como resultado, consideramos que os jogos e as brincadeiras são percebidos como atividades que, além de produzir o desenvolvimento amplo das crianças, estimulam o intercâmbio entre os pares, a resolver de forma construtiva os conflitos, a formação de um/a cidadão/cidadã com senso crítico e reflexivo. Junto a isso, concluímos que jogos e brincadeiras fazem com que as crianças pequenas tenham uma percepção maior da realidade e do ambiente que convivem, construindo conhecimentos sobre assuntos diversos, incluindo as questões de gênero.
Neurological symptoms of COVID-19
Authors: Wawer Adriana , Piechal Agnieszka
Published: February 2021

Objective. Some viral infections can have a harmful effect on the functioning of the nervous system and can even cause serious neurological damage. This work aims to review the results of studies published so far concerning neurological complications in people infected with coronaviruses, especially SARS-CoV-2, and possible mechanisms responsible for nervous system damage.

Literature review. Recently, there have been reports that coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), cause acute respiratory disease, exhibit neurotropic properties and can also cause neurological symptoms. There are studies published showing that these viruses may penetrate to the brain and cerebrospinal fluid.

Conclusions. Coronaviruses are still poorly understood, so it seems important to study the potential impact of SARS-CoV-2 infections on the nervous system. It seems appropriate that patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 should be early evaluated for neurological symptoms, including headache and impaired consciousness.
Mesophotic coral reef community structure: the constraints of imagery collected by unmanned vehicles
Authors: Lesser MP , Slattery M
Published: February 2021

There is a critical need to quantify and monitor mesophotic coral reef community structure and function at multiple spatial and temporal scales. Because accessing these habitats is costly in terms of infrastructure and effort, often for a modest return in data, many investigators collect digital imagery using transect techniques from unmanned platforms. Specifically, remotely operated vehicles and autonomous underwater vehicles are used because they operate at deeper depths for extensive periods of time, can carry an array of oceanographic and imaging instruments, and can collect and archive extensive amounts of video and still imagery. However, substrate angle, camera angle, and vehicle position above the benthos creates varying degrees of error in the imagery due to parallax and geometric distortion. Photogrammetry conducted on 2D photographs from uncorrected 3D imagery can over- or under-estimate the percent cover, biomass estimates, and abundance of the benthic groups of interest. Here we illustrate these errors and emphasize the requirement for post-processing of imagery to ensure that these data can be used for valid quantitative ecological descriptions of mesophotic benthic communities in the future.
Perangkat Desa Melek Digital dan Kreatif: Pelatihan Pengembangan Konten Digital Desa Ngijo Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Rahmad Cahya , Sumari Arwin Datumaya Wahyudi , Kirana Annisa Puspa , Abdullah Moch. Zawaruddin , Sukmana Septian Enggar
Published: February 2021

Potensi pariwisata, kekayaan sumber daya pertanian, dan lokasi strategis yang dimiliki oleh Desa Ngijo Kecamatan Karangploso Kabupaten Malang perlu mendapatkan perhatian pada perubahan informasi terkini di desa tersebut. Desa Ngijo telah memiliki website sebagai media penyampaian informasi, namun kendala yang muncul adalah pengembangan konten di dalam webiste tersebut, para perangkat desa yang bekerja di desa tersebut masih merasakan kesulitan untuk mengembangkan konten yang tepat. Pelatihan yang dilaksanakan ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Perangkat yang dipakai pada pelatihan ini adalah Canva sehingga memudahkan perangkat desa karena dapat dipakai langsung di smartphone setiap perangkat desa. Pelatihan ini dilaksanakan dengan protokol kesehatan dan mendapatkan hasil 90% peserta pelatihan ini menyatakan pelatihan ini sangat bermanfaat.
Edukasi Perilaku Hidup Bersih Sehat dan Pembagian Masker, Handsanitizer kepada Warga Jatisari
Authors: Nugrahaeni Fitria , Permanasari Etin Diah
Published: February 2021

Perilaku Hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) merupakan langkah yang harus diaplikasikan untuk mencapai derajat kesehatan yang baik bagi setiap orang. Masyarakat di RT 01 RW 02 Jatisari Bekasi merupakan tempat yang masyarakatnya masih kurang pengetahuan dan informasi sehingga masalah kesehatan masyarakat masih menjadi masalah yang cukup besar. Selain itu akhir-akhir ini sedang terjadi pandemi virus korona yang berbahaya bagi tubuh. Sehingga sangat dibutuhkan edukasi mengenai PHBS dan pencegahan penyakit korona serta penyakit lainnya salah satunya dengan menggunakan masker dan rajin cuci tangan dan kalau di luar jangan lupa menggunakan handsanitizer. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, kesadaran, kemauan dan kemampuan masyarakat untuk melakukan PHBS dalam meningkatkan mutu hidup serta meningkatkan taraf kesehatan masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan adalah memberikan kuesioner dan penyuluhan. Kuesioner diberikan 1 hari sebelum pelaksanaan kegiatan dan setelah pelaksanaan kegiatan kepada 55 responden dengan tetap jaga jarak. Hasil kuesioner digunakan untuk mengetahui pemahaman masyarakat tentang PHBS dan sebagai indikator keberhasilan dari kegiatan. Penyuluhan disampaikan dengan tema PHBS, cara cuci tangan yang benar, dan cara memakai masker yang benar. Selain itu dilakukan pembagian masker dan handsanitizer kepada warga. Hasil penyuluhan menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan pemahaman masyarakat tentang masalah tersebut dari 18,18% menjadi 98,18%. Berdasarkan hasil ini diharapkan masyarakat dapat menerapkan pengetahuan tersebut dengan benar demi mewujudkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat yang setinggi-tingginya.
HUBUNGAN MASA PEMAKAIAN HIGH HEELS TERHADAP NYERI OTOT GASTROCNEMIUS PADA KARYAWAN SALES PROMOTION GIRL DI KOTA MALANG
Authors: Rahmanto Safun , Rahim Anita Faradilla , Salampessy Fini Aprilia Sitra
Published: February 2021

Latar Belakang : Penggunaan high heels dengan tinggi diatas lima sentimeter, membuat posisi kaki dalam keadaan plantar fleksi. posisi ini dapat memicu terjadinya kontraksi pada otot gastrocnemius secara terus-menerus untuk mempertahankan posisi berdiri yang seimbang sehingga ketegangan pada serabut otot meningkat dan membuat otot gastrocnemius menjadi tegang sehingga menimbulkan rasa nyeri. Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan masa pemakaian high heels terhadap nyeri otot gastrocnemius pada karyawan sales promotion girl di kota Malang. Metode Penelitian : Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan sales promotion girl di Ramayana Dinoyo Malang, instrument yang di pakai adalah kuisioner nordic body maps, analisa data menggunakan uji Spearman. Hasil : Berdasarkan hasil uji spearman didapatkan nilai sig.(2-tailed) sebesar 0,010 sehingga lebih kecil dari alpha <0,05 dengan keterangan H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan masa pemakaian high heels terhadap nyeri otot gastrocnemius pada karyawan sales promotion girl di kota Malang. Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan masa pemakaian high heels terhadap nyeri otot gastrocnemius pada karyawan sales promotion girl di kota Malang.
EFEKTIVITAS TERAPI LATIHAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN FUNGSIONAL TUNGKAI BAWAH PADA KASUS POST ORIF FRAKTUR CRURIS DEXTRA
Authors: Abdullah Faizah
Published: February 2021

Fraktur cruris adalah terputusnya kontinuitas tulang dan ditentukan sesuai jenis dan luasnya, terjadi pada tulang tibia dan fibula. Fraktur terjadi jika tulang dikenai tekanan yang lebih besar dari yang dapat diabsorbsinya. Setelah tindakan post ORIF fraktur masalah yang biasanya timbul adalah nyeri, deformitas, atrofi otot, keterbatasan Range of Motion (ROM) dan penurunan kekuatan otot yang berakibat pada gangguan fungsional. Penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan terapi latihan seperti latihan AROM, Hold relax, QSE, dan HSE mampu mengurangi problematika yang ditimbulkan. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas terapi latihan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan fungsional tungkai bawah pada kasus post ORIF Fraktur Cruris dextra. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus tunggal berbasis bukti, dengan memberikan intervensi fisioterapi pada seorang laki laki berumur 25 tahun. Terapi latihan yang diberikan adalah latihan AROM, Hold relax, HSE, QSE, selama 2 minggu dengan 5 kali evaluasi. Penilaian intensitas nyeri menggunakan VAS, penilaian lingkup gerak sendi (LGS) menggunakan goniometer, penilaian kekuatan otot menggunakan MMT, serta untuk menilai perkembangan fungsional pasien dilakukan pengukuran menggunakan parameter LEFS (Lower Extremity Fuctional Scale). Terdapat penurunan nilai VAS nyeri gerak diakhir sesi terapi, terdapat peningkatan LGS regio lutut serta pergelangan kaki, terdapat peningkatan MMT, dan peningkatan kemampuan fungsional dengan dari nilai 15 menjadi 59, yang menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan terhadap kemampuan fungsional pasien sebanyak 55%. Studi ini menunjukan bahwa metode terapi latihan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan fungsional pada kasus fraktur yang diukur menggunakan parameter LEFS.
Функціонування фундаментальної бібліотеки Київської духовної семінарії у другій половині ХІХ - на початку ХХ ст.
Authors: Бідун Юрій
Published: February 2021

Досліджено важливу складову історії Київської духовної семінарії – функціонування її головної бібліотеки. З’ясовано, що попри науковий характер література книгосховища була вагомою частиною навчальної інфраструктури. Охарактеризовано особливості впорядкування літературних фондів в останній чверті ХІХ ст. Детально проаналізовано те, як змінювався склад і наповнення фундаментальної бібліотеки протягом другої половини ХІХ – початку ХХ ст. Виявлено, що якщо у 1880-х рр. в даному книгосховищі знаходилося 6 тис. книг у 12 тис. томах, то напередодні Першої світової війни тут вже було майже 12 тис. книг у 20 тис. томах. Звернено увагу на серйозну цензуру й обмеження книжкового обігу відомствами Св. Синоду. Показано особливості закупівлі та придбання літератури до бібліотеки.
Implementation of Complete Systematic Land Registration Regulation in order to Achieve Legal Certainty in Indonesia
Authors: Herdarezki Nadila Maysila , Handayani I Gusti Ayu Ketut Rachmi , Karjoko Lego
Published: February 2021

This legal research aims to examine the implementation of regulations on the Complete Systematic Land Registration in order to achieve legal certainty in Indonesia. This legal research is a normative or doctrinal legal study conducted with a review of the literature. The research approach is conducted using statue approach and legal comparison approach (comparative law). This legal research uses both primary and secondary legal materials regarding the implementation of the Complete Systematic Land Registration in Indonesia. Based on the results of this legal research, implementation of the Complete Systematic Land Registration Program is a form of policy issued by the Indonesian Government with the Ministry of Agrarian Administration/National Land Agency to register land that has not owned a proprietary certificate. In order to achieve the legal certainty for the community is required improvement of good quality of public awareness, implementation mechanisms and various parties related to the Complete Systematic Land Registration in Indonesia.

Keywords: land; complete systematic land registration; legal certainty; policy
GREAT PEOPLE SUFFERING FROM DISEASES OF THE EAR. ACQUIRED ACOUSTIC SENSORY DEPRIVATION, AND ABILITIES (GREAT PEOPLE SUFFERING EAR DISEASES. ACQUIRED ACOUSTIC SENSORY DEPRIVATION AND ABILITY OF PEOPLE) PART 1.B. GREAT COMPOSERS
Authors:   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Filimonov S.V.
Published: February 2021

Auditory sensory deprivation is a phenomenon characterized by a significant decrease or complete subsidence in sending external sound information through the organ of hearing to the human brain. Various infectious diseases, vascular pathology, genetic abnormalities, and intoxication conditions may lead to various diseases of the ear and, as a consequence, to hearing loss or deafness. The second part of the paper covers the biographical data of such composers as Agathe Backer Grøndahl, Aleksandr A. Kasyanov, Evelyn Elizabeth Ann Glennie. The paper assesses the development of auditory sensory deprivation with the onset of deafness and shows the influence of auditory sensory deprivation and the psychological state of composers on the results of their creative activity. The author compares the internal crisis, mental destabilization, and the lack of sound perception with the effective implementation of musical experience, which allowed the composers to create great musical works, despite their pathological condition. In addition, the paper points out the possibility to continue effective creative activity and give live musical performances due to the sense of ‘feeling’ the vibrations and the ability to develop and use it in a proper way (Evelyn Glennie). Synesthetic perception is revealed through the given work.
THE VALUE OF NAVIGATION SYSTEM IN COCHLEAR IMPLANTATION IN PATIENTS WITH ABNORMALITIES OF THE INTERNAL AND MIDDLE EAR
Authors:   National Research Centre For Audiology and Hearing Rehabilitation, Fedoseev V.I. , Mileshina N.A. ,   National Research Centre For Audiology and Hearing Rehabilitation, Kurbatova E.V. ,   National Research Centre For Audiology and Hearing Rehabilitation, Osipenkov S.S. ,   National Research Centre For Audiology and Hearing Rehabilitation
Published: February 2021

The use of navigation system during the coclear implantation (CI) in patients with congenital and acquired malformation of the inner ear is necessary because of surgical difficulties. The purpose of our work is to evaluate the effectiveness of the navigation system in congenital and acquired anomalies of the middle and inner ear. Materials and methods The authors followed-up 27 children with bilateral congenital malformation of the inner ear and 58 patients with acquired cochlea obliteration (12 adults and 46 children with the acquired obliteration were included in the group). 55 patients have the acquired obliteration of the inner ear, 3 patients – the total obliteration of the inner ear. Audiological, CT and MRI were performed. All our patients the CI was performed. Conclusion.The use of navigation system during CI in patients with a combination of malformation of the inner and middle ear to increase the efficiency of surgical treatment. The duration of anesthesia and surgery in children with congenital malformation increases when navigation is applied All patients after meningitis or with the fracture of the temporal bone should be performed MRI The patients with an extension of the internal auditory canal, anomaly of Mondini dysplasia of the cochlear, the partial obliteration of the cochlea have good rehabilitation results after CI. The patients with the total obliteration of the inner ear have unsatisfactory results of rehabilitation.
DYNAMIC STUDY OF HEARING IN CHILDREN AFTRE SANTIZING SERGON ON THE MIDDEL EAR
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg state pediatric medical University, Сhernogaeva E.A. , Pavlov P.V. ,   Saint-Petersburg state pediatric medical University, Gorkina О.К. ,   Saint-Petersburg state pediatric medical University, Zakharova M.L. ,   Saint-Petersburg state pediatric medical University, Gadzhieva C.M. ,   Saint-Petersburg state pediatric medical University, Lazo E.V. ,   Saint-Petersburg state pediatric medical University
Published: February 2021

Dynamic assessment of hearing in pediatric patients having chronic suppurative otitis media with cholesteotoma was conducted. The patients included into the study were assessed after surgeries performed by canal wall up or canal wall down technique without any timpanoplasty. Functional outcomes and frequency of recurrence were estimated. We carried out a retrospective and prospective analysis of hearing ability in 35 children who had undergone surgery in ENT clinic of Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University (37 ears were operated on as two patients had bilateral lesions). Hearing ability was investigated by tone threshold audiometry. All the patients studied were followed up for not less then 1 year. Hearing ability was evaluated before the surgery,6 months and 12 months after the surgery. Hearing findings before the surgery in children operated on by canal wall up technique showed a more significant hearing loss than the ones done by the other technique. All ears demonstrated no significant hearing loss progress in both groups. However, the children after canal wall up surgery showed more frequent cholesteatoma recurrences which resulted in the need of other surgeries. Carrying out canal wall up surgery on the middle ear in children makes it possible to maintain hearing at a socially adequate level.
CASE OF CONGENITAL ATRESIA OF CHOAN IN A CHILD WITH PRIMARY IMMUNODEFICIENCY CHILD (DIGEORGE SYNDROME)
Authors:   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Karpishchenko S.A. , Alekseenko S.I. ,   North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnicov,   Children's multidisciplinary clinical center of high medical technologies" named after. K.A.Rauhfusa, Beiseyeva Zh.Y. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Zaitsev I.A. ,   Children's multidisciplinary clinical center of high medical technologies" named after. K.A.Rauhfusa
Published: February 2021

Congenital atresia of the choanas (CVC) is a violation of the patency of the nasal cavity associated with its complete or partial infection of the connective, cartilage or bone tissue. CVC is a consequence of the preservation of the nasal palatine membrane, which occurs between the 6th and 12th weeks of gestation, due to the approach and successive fusion of the posterior edge of the opener with the posterior ends of the nasal concha. According to domestic and foreign literature, for 5000-7000 newborns there is 1 observation of CVC, the population frequency of congenital malformations in individual countries ranges from 2.7 to 16.3%. The deletion syndrome of the 22nd chromosome, described as Dee Georgi syndrome or cyclic cardiofacial syndrome, is a combination of morphological, immunological and neurological changes that are the result of a deletion of the long arm of 1 copy of the 22nd chromosome - del 22q11.2. In the classical concept, this syndrome is a triad consisting of congenital heart disease, thymus hypoplasia (aplasia) and hypocalcemia, as a result of parathyroid hypoplasia. Dee Georgi - syndrome (SDD) or the case of the 22nd chromosome is the most common problem among other mutations in the human genome, it is second only to Down syndrome, trisomy on the 21st chromosome. The frequency of occurrence varies from 1: 4000 to 1: 6000 newborns. This review seeks to assess the factors that influence the outcome of transnasal endoscopic restoration of the congenital atresia of the choan. The article presents a method for eliminating congenital atresia of the choan in a child with Dee Georges syndrome with transeptal access.
PUNCTURE TREATMENT OF SINUSITIS IN PATIENTS WHITH CYTOPENIA AFTER HEMOPOIETIC STEM CELLS TRANSPLANTATION
Authors:   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Dolgov O.I. , Karpishchenko S.A. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Rodneva Yu.A. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Utimisheva E.S. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Moiseev I.S. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Zubarovskaya L.S. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Afanasyev B.V. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Sinusitis is one of the most common infectious complications at the stages of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Diagnosis and treatment patients whith cytopenia often causes difficulties for otorhinolaryngologists. Objective: To analyze the possibility of puncture of the maxillary sinuses in patients whith cytopenia after hemopoietic stem cells transplantation. Materials and methods. The case histories of 350 patients whith rhinosinusitis, who received treatment at the Raisa Gorbacheva Memorial Research Institute of Children Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation from January 2017 to June 2018 were analyzed. Of these patients, 41 (11%) (11 – 62 y.o.) underwent puncture of the maxillary sinuses. The control group included 59 immunocompetent patients undergoing puncture treatment for sinusitis. Results: The clinical picture of sinusitis in patients with cytopenia was different from the classical one. In cases of severe anemia (<80 g/l), paleness of the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity prevailed; with extremely severe neutropenia (<0.5 x 109/l), and leukopenia (<1.0 x 109/l) in the vast majority of patients, the nasal discharge was mucopurulent. 10% patients with drug immunosuppression and agranulocytosis have pronounced edema and hyperemia of nasal soft tissues. In 19.5% patients, who underwent puncture, severe thrombocytopenia (<25 x 109/l) was observed. In 3 (7%) patients, significant bleeding was observed after puncture. In punctate we observed Str. Viridans (26.8%), Pseudomonas spp. (14.6%), and Klebsiella pneumonia (12.2%) of cases. Conclusion: Sinusitis with cytopenia is prone to atypical course. Symptoms in these conditions can vary from scanty to pronounced. Puncture of the maxillary sinuses in such patients can be performed according to indications.
PERSONALIZED APPROACH TO THE USE OF MACROLIDES IN THE TREATMENT OF COMPLICATED FORMS OF ACUTE BACTERIAL RHINOSINUSITIS
Authors:   St.-Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Ear, Nose, Throat and Speech, Smirnov A.P. , Shamkina P.A. ,   St.-Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Ear, Nose, Throat and Speech, Krivopalov A.A. ,   St.-Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Ear, Nose, Throat and Speech, Yanov Yu.K. ,   St.-Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Ear, Nose, Throat and Speech, Shnayder N.A. ,   V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Neurology, Kravtsov V.V. ,   Saint-Petersburg State University, Nasyrova R.F. ,   V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Neurology
Published: February 2021

The purpose was to assess the possibilities of applying a personalized approach to the appointment of macrolides in acute bacterial rhinosinusitis, depending on the carrier of single-nucleotide polymorphism genes. Materials and methods. An analysis of Russian and English-language publications was conducted with a search depth of 30 years. Results. The main enzymes involved in macrolide pharmacokinetics are P-gp, OATP1B1, OATP1B3, CYP3A4, MRP2. P-gp activity is higher in carriers of the homozygous genotype in the major allele C (3435CC, 48.33%) and the heterozygous genotype (3435CT, 45.90%) of the SNPs rs1045642, whereas the lowest activity was detected in the carriers of the homozygote genotype in the minor allele T (3435 TT, 31.62%), P = 0.02. SNPS 521 T> C (rs4149056) in the SLCO1B1 gene, encoding because of the need for OATP1B1*5, associated with changes in the activity of the protein that carries and erythromycin metabolizing, respectively, in homozygous carriers of the major T allele (P = 0.0072). The activity of the 3A4 isoenzyme in the liver in homozygous carriers of negative T (CC) alleles was 1.7 and 2.5 times higher than in heterozygous (ST) and homozygous (TT) carriers of the minor T allele (rs35599367). The homozygous carriage of the G major allele (rs717620) is associated with a reduced protein function, the homozygous carriage of the minor A allele is associated with an increase in the activity of the MRP2 protein. Conclusion. Genetically determined differences in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of macrolides were detected depending on the gene carrier of the SNP ABCB1, SLCO1B1, CYP3A4, АВСС2. Knowledge of the genetically determined metabolism of macrolides in humans can provide new insights into the systemic effects that are available and clinically interesting from their appointment.
LOCAL IMMUNE STATUS AND ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS IN PARATONSILLITIS
Authors:   Rostov State Medical University, Zolotova T.V. , Volkov A.G. ,   Rostov State Medical University, Kondrashov P.A. ,   Rostov State Medical University
Published: February 2021

Paratonsillitis is one of the most common purulent inflammatory diseases, considered as a manifestation of chronic tonsillitis. The aim of the work is to study the state of local immunity by the level of immunoglobulin A in saliva in patients with paratonsillitis and its changes in the treatment process, to determine the level of antistreptolysin-O in serum, as well as to study the etiological factors of paratonsillites in the microbiological assessment of the species composition of flora in smears from the cavity of paratonsillar abscess. Under our observation there were 152: 32 healthy people and 120 patients with paratonsillitis under abecedarian or abscess stage. It was found that in patients with paratonsillitis there is a significant (p<0.001) decrease in the level of secretory immunoglobulin A in saliva, which indicates a violation of local immunity and requires correction. The level of antibodies to streptolysin-O in the serum of patients with paratonsillitis was significantly - 10.25 times higher than in healthy individuals in the control group, which confirms the high streptococcal antigenic load. The results of microbiological examination of smears from the abscess cavity indicated the release of the most frequent pathogens of paratonsillites - Streptococcus β-haemolythicus, Streptococcus Pneumoniae and Staphylococcus Aureus, with bacterial associations prevailing (63.5%). After a course of antimicrobial therapy, supplemented with immunomodulatory agents in the form of bacterial lysates, there was an increase in the level of secretory IgA in saliva in 10-30 days in 3.3-4.5 times. At the same time, the level of antistreptolysin-O significantly decreased. In patients receiving immunomodulatory therapy in the form of bacterial lysates in the complex treatment of paratonsillitis, for the period of observation of 6 months, there was a decrease in the frequency of relapses of the disease by 2 times.
On the Outer-Independent Double Roman Domination of Graphs
Authors: Rao Yongsheng , Kosari Saeed , Sheikholeslami Seyed Mahmoud , Chellali M. , Kheibari Mahla
Published: February 2021

An outer-independent double Roman dominating function (OIDRDF) of a graphGis a functionh:V(G)→{0,1,2,3}such that i) every vertexvwithf(v)=0is adjacent to at least one vertex with label 3 or to at least two vertices with label 2, ii) every vertexvwithf(v)=1is adjacent to at least one vertex with label greater than 1, and iii) all vertices labeled by 0 are an independent set. The weight of an OIDRDF is the sum of its function values over all vertices. The outer-independent double Roman domination numberγoidR(G) is the minimum weight of an OIDRDF onG. It has been shown that for any treeTof ordern≥ 3,γoidR(T) ≤ 5n/4 and the problem of characterizing those trees attaining equality was raised. In this article, we solve this problem and we give additional bounds on the outer-independent double Roman domination number. In particular, we show that, for any connected graphGof ordernwith minimum degree at least two in which the set of vertices with degree at least three is independent,γoidR(T) ≤ 4n/3.
Reduced Severity in Patients With HIV-Associated Disseminated Histoplasmosis With Deep Lymphadenopathies: A Trench War Remains Within the Lymph Nodes?
Authors: Nacher Mathieu , Alsibai Kinan Drak , Adenis Antoine , Blaizot Romain , Abboud Philippe , Demar Magalie , Djossou Félix , Epelboin Loïc , Misslin Caroline , Ntab Balthazar , Valdes Audrey , Couppié Pierre
Published: February 2021

Background

Disseminated histoplasmosis is a major killer of patients with advanced HIV. It is proteiform and often hard to diagnose in the absence of diagnostic tests. We aimed to describe disseminated histoplasmosis with lymphadenopathies in French Guiana and to compare survival and severity of those patients to patients without lymphadenopathies.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was performed on data records collected between January 1, 1981 and October 1, 2014.

Results

Among 349 cases of disseminated histoplasmosis 168 (48.3%) had superficial lymphadenopathies and 133(38.1%) had deep lymphadenopathies. The median LDH concentration, ferritin concentration, TGO concentration, and WHO performance status were lower among patients with deep lymphadenopathies than those without deep lymphadenopathies. There was a significant decrease in the risk of early death (<1 month) among those with deep lymphadenopathies relative to those without (OR=0.26 (95%CI=0.10–0.60), P=0.0006) and in the overall risk of death (OR=0.33 (95%CI=0.20-0.55), P<0.0001). These associations remained strongly significant after adjusting for time period, CD4 counts, age, delay between beginning of symptoms and hospital admission, antifungal and antiretroviral treatment.

Conclusions

The present data show that in patients with advanced HIV and disseminated histoplasmosis, the presence of deep lymphadenopathies is associated with fewer markers of severity and a lower risk of death. To our knowledge it is the first study to show this. The presence of deep lymphadenopathies is hypothesized to reflect the patient’s partially effective defense against H. capsulatum.
Supporting Young People’s Mental Health: Reconceptualizing the Role of Schools or a Step Too far?
Authors: Glazzard Jonathan , Stones Samuel
Published: February 2021

This article provides an overview of the United Kingdom government’s strategy for children’s mental health in schools. Critique of the mental health policy document demonstrates that the government has adopted a clinical approach to resolving the mental health “crisis” among children and young people. We argue that a clinical solution, implemented in schools, is not based on robust evidence and that the policy reflects a medical model which positions children and young people with mental ill health through a deficit lens. We argue that the government should, instead, adopt a systemic response which directly addresses the underlying factors which cause mental ill health rather than implementing a clinical approach in schools. We argue that a clinical response at the level of the individual is not appropriate for most children and young people with mental ill health and that there needs to be an urgent review of policy.
Association of Genetic Polymorphisms in MicroRNAs With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Chinese Population
Authors: Zhu Zaihan , Zhang Yanfen , Bai Ruocen , Yang Ru , Shan Zhongyan , Ma Chunyan , Yang Jun , Sun Dandan
Published: February 2021

Introduction

MicroRNAs (miRNA) involved in the insulin signaling pathways deeply affect the pathogenesis of T2DM. The aim of this study was to assess the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the related miRNAs (let-7f rs10877887, let-7a-1 rs13293512, miR-133a-1 rs8089787, miR-133a-2 rs13040413, and miR-27a rs895819) and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and its possible mechanisms.

Methods

Five SNPs in miRNAs (let-7f rs10877887, let-7a-1 rs13293512, miR-133a-1 rs8089787, miR-133a-2 rs13040413, and miR-27a rs895819) involved in the insulin signaling pathways were selected and genotyped in a case-control study that enrolled 371 T2DM patients and 381 non-diabetic controls. The individual SNP association analyses, interaction analyses of SNP-SNP, SNP-environmental factors were performed. The effect the risk-associated polymorphism on regulating its mature miRNA expression was also evaluated.

Results

In overall analyses, miR-133a-2 rs13040413 and let-7a-1 rs13293512 were related to the susceptibility to T2DM. In stratified analyses, miR-133a-2 rs13040413, let-7a-1 rs13293512 and miR-27a rs895819 showed associations with T2DM in the age ≥ 60 years subgroup. Moreover, let-7a-1 rs13293512 and miR-27a rs895819 showed associations with T2DM in male subgroup. In SNP-environmental factors interaction analyses, there were interaction effects of miR-133a-2 rs13040413 with dyslipidemia, let-7a-1 rs13293512 with smoking, and let-7a-1 rs13293512 with dyslipidemia on T2DM. In SNP-SNP interaction analyses, there were also interaction effects of miR-133a-1 rs8089787 with let-7a-1 rs13293512, and miR-133a-1 rs8089787 with let-7f rs10877887 on T2DM. Furthermore, for miR-133a-2 rs13040413, the variant T allele showed a trend toward decreased miR-133a expression in comparison with the wild C allele. For let-7a-1 rs13293512, the variant C allele expressed a lower let-7a compared to the wild T allele.

Conclusion

MiRNAs polymorphisms involved in the insulin signaling pathways and the interaction effects of SNP-SNP, SNP-environmental factors were related to T2DM susceptibility in a Chinese population.
NEP-Score Thresholds Predict Survival of Patients With Bronchial Carcinoids
Authors: Gagliardi Irene , Tarquini Mario , Ambrosio Maria Rosaria , Giannetta Elisa , Borges de Souza Patricia , Gafà Roberta , Carnevale Aldo , Franceschetti Paola , Zatelli Maria Chiara
Published: February 2021

Survival prognostic markers are extremely needed to better define therapeutic strategies in patients with bronchial carcinoids (BC). We aim to verify the applicability of the NEP-Score in a homogeneous BC cohort and identify a derivative prognostic marker, the NEP-Score at diagnosis (NEP-D) that does not consider new metastases during follow-up. Sixty-four patients (38 females, and 26 males, mean age at diagnosis 58.9 ± 1.7 years) with BC were retrospectively evaluated. NEP-Score was calculated at the end of follow-up (NEP-T). A derivative score, the NEP-Score at diagnosis (NEP-D) that does not consider new metastases during follow-up, was then assessed. Patients were subdivided according to their living status at the end of follow-up. A NEP-Score threshold was investigated to predict survival. Mean NEP-T and mean NEP-D were significantly lower in live patients at end of follow-up. A NEP-T cut-off >138 significantly predicts survival. Atypical BC relapsed more frequently than Typical BC. Male gender and previous malignancy were negative prognostic factors for survival. We confirmed NEP-Score applicability in BC and NEP-D utility, being the latter a simple, quick, and cheap prognostic score that can help clinicians in decision making. The identified NEP-D threshold can predict NEN aggressiveness and may be used to define the best personalized therapeutic strategy. In this context, a validation study is needed.
Integrating Clinical and Genomic Analyses of Hippocampal-Prefrontal Circuit Disorder in Depression
Authors: Yuan Naijun , Tang Kairui , Da Xiaoli , Gan Hua , He Liangliang , Li Xiaojuan , Ma Qingyu , Chen Jiaxu
Published: February 2021

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent, devastating and recurrent mental disease. Hippocampus (HIP)-prefrontal cortex (PFC) neural circuit abnormalities have been confirmed to exist in MDD; however, the gene-related molecular features of this circuit in the context of depression remain unclear. To clarify this issue, we performed gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to comprehensively analyze the genetic characteristics of the two brain regions and used weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) to determine the main depression-related gene modules in the HIP-PFC network. To clarify the regional differences and consistency for MDD, we also compared the expression patterns and molecular functions of the key modules from the two brain regions. The results showed that candidate modules related to clinical MDD of HIP and PFC, which contained with 363 genes and 225 genes, respectively. Ninety-five differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the HIP candidate module, and 51 DEGs were identified in the PFC candidate module, with only 11 overlapping DEGs in these two regional modules. Combined with the enrichment results, although there is heterogeneity in the molecular functions in the HIP-PFC network of depression, the regulation of the MAPK cascade, Ras protein signal transduction and Ephrin signaling were significantly enriched in both brain regions, indicating that these biological pathways play important roles in MDD pathogenesis. Additionally, the high coefficient protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed via STRING, and the top-10 coefficient genes were identified as hub genes via the cytoHubba algorithm. In summary, the present study reveals the gene expression characteristics of MDD and identifies common and unique molecular features and patterns in the HIP-PFC network. Our results may provide novel clues from the gene function perspective to explain the pathogenic mechanism of depression and to aid drug development. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and to investigate the genetic regulation mechanisms of different neural networks in depression.
Linking Scales of Life-History Variation With Population Structure in Atlantic Cod
Authors: Wright Peter J. , Doyle Alice , Taggart John B. , Davie Andrew
Published: February 2021

It is increasingly recognised that sustainable exploitation of marine fish requires the consideration of population diversity and associated productivity. This study used a combination of genotypic screening and phenotypic traits to define the scale of population structuring in Atlantic cod inhabiting the northern North Sea (ICES Sub-division 4a) and Scottish west coast (ICES Division 6a). The genetic analysis indicated an isolation by distance pattern with an even finer scale structuring than previously reported, that persisted over a decade and between feeding and spawning seasons. Spatial variation in phenotypic traits reflected genetic variation with cod maturing later and at a larger size near the Viking Bank in 4a. The identified population structuring provides an explanation for differences in historic changes in maturation schedules and the temperature exposure recorded in previous electronic tagging studies. The study also highlights how the mismatch between stock divisions and population units is leading to a misunderstanding about stock recovery.
Emergence of fosA3 and blaCTX–M–14 in Multidrug-Resistant Citrobacter freundii Isolates From Flowers and the Retail Environment in China
Authors: Cheng Ke , Fang Liang-Xing , Ge Qian-Wen , Wang Dong , He Bing , Lu Jia-Qi , Zhong Zi-Xing , Wang Xi-Ran , Yu Yang , Lian Xin-Lei , Liao Xiao-Ping , Sun Jian , Liu Ya-Hong
Published: February 2021

We examined the prevalence and transmission of the fosA3 gene among Citrobacter freundii isolates from flowers and the retail environments. We identified 11 fosfomycin-resistant C. freundii strains (>256 μg/mL) from 270 samples that included petals (n = 7), leaves (n = 2), dust (n = 1) and water (n = 1). These 11 isolates were multidrug-resistant and most were simultaneously resistant to fosfomycin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin and amikacin. Consistently, all 11 isolates also possessed blaCTX–M–14, blaCMY–65/122, aac(6’)-Ib-cr, qnrS1, qnrB13/6/38 and rmtB. These fosA3-positive isolates were assigned to two distinct PFGE patterns and one (n = 9) predominated indicating clonal expansion of fosA3-positive isolates across flower markets and shops. Correspondingly, fosA3 was co-transferred with blaCTX–M–14via two plasmid types by conjugation possessing sizes of 110 kb (n = 9) and 260 kb (n = 2). Two representatives were fully sequenced and p12-1 and pS39-1 possessed one and two unclassified replicons, respectively. These plasmids shared a distinctive and conserved backbone in common with fosA3-carrying C. freundii and other Enterobacteriaceae from human and food animals. However, the fosA3-blaCTX–M–14-containing multidrug resistance regions on these untypable plasmids were highly heterogeneous. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of fosA3 and blaCTX–M–14 that were present in bacterial contaminants from flower shops and markets. These findings underscore a public health threat posed by untypable and transferable p12-1-like and pS39-1-like plasmids bearing fosA3-blaCTX–M–14 that could circulate among Enterobacteriaceae species and in particular C. freundi in environmental isolates.