bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can incorporating genotyping data into efficacy estimators improve efficiency of early phase malaria vaccine trials?
Authors: Potter Gail E. , Callier Viviane , Shrestha Biraj , Joshi Sudhaunshu , Dwivedi Ankit , Silva Joana C. , Laurens Matthew B. , Follmann Dean A. , Deye Gregory A.
Published: September 2023

Background
Early phase malaria vaccine field trials typically measure malaria infection by PCR or thick blood smear microscopy performed on serially sampled blood. Vaccine efficacy (VE) is the proportion reduction in an endpoint due to vaccination and is often calculated as VEHR =1 – hazard ratio or VERR = 1 – risk ratio. Genotyping information can distinguish different clones and distinguish multiple infections over time, potentially increasing statistical power. This paper investigates two alternative VE endpoints incorporating genotyping information: VEmolFOI, the vaccine-induced proportion reduction in incidence of new clones acquired over time, and VEC, the vaccine-induced proportion reduction in mean number of infecting clones per exposure.
Methods
We used simulations and analytic derivations to compare power of these methods to VEHR and VERR and applied them to three data sets: a Phase 3 trial of RTS,S malaria vaccine in 6912 African infants, a Phase 2 trial of PfSPZ Vaccine in 80 Burkina Faso adults, and a trial comparing Plasmodium vivax incidence in 466 Papua New Guinean children after receiving chloroquine + artemether lumefantrine with or without primaquine (as these VE methods can also quantify effects of other prevention measures). By destroying hibernating liver-stage P. vivax, primaquine reduces subsequent reactivations after treatment completion.
Results
The RTS,S vaccine significantly reduced the number of clones at first infection, but PfSPZ vaccine and primaquine did not. Resampling smaller data sets from the large RTS,S trial to simulate phase 2 trials showed modest power gains from VEC compared to VEHR for data like RTS,S, but VEC is less powerful than VEHR for vaccines which do not reduce the number of clones at first infection. VEmolFOI was most powerful in model-based simulations, but only the primaquine trial collected enough serial samples to precisely estimate VEmolFOI. The primaquine VEmolFOI estimate decreased after most control arm liver-stage infections reactivated (which mathematically resembles a waning vaccine), preventing VEmolFOI from improving power.
Conclusions
The power gain from the genotyping methods depends on the context. Because input parameters for early phase power calculations are often uncertain, we recommend against these estimators as primary endpoints for small trials unless supported by targeted data analysis.
Trial registrations:
NCT00866619, NCT02663700, NCT02143934
Role of Political Cynicism as a Determining Factor in the Political Apathy of Citizens in Pakistan
Authors: Rehman Aziz Ur
Published: September 2023

Political Apathy has been an essential issue in the present democratic process across the world. It has been working as cancer that is eating away all the fruits of the last three hundred years struggle for strengthening democracy around the globe. The author applied the survey approach for gathering the primary data from the respondents through the stratified sample. This article explores the role of political cynicism as a determining factor in political apathy in Pakistan. The current study aim to highlight the issue in the current perspective of Pakistan.
Employee wellness programmes and productivity in the Workplace: The case of the Gauteng Department of Education
Authors: Malindini Kholiswa
Published: September 2023

Orientation - Employee absenteeism has been identified as one of the reasons for the rising health costs for employers. Consequently, employers have acted proactively by sponsoring employee wellness programmes to curb the costs. Theoretically, health promotion programmes tend to reduce absenteeism, stimulate positivity, and enhance productivity.
Research purpose - This paper sought to examine the perceptions of the Gauteng Department of Education employees towards the health promotion programme in averting ill-health absenteeism behaviour.
Research Approach - The paper adopted a qualitative approach and a survey questionnaire as a data collection technique. A purposive sampling technique was utilised to draw a sample of forty employees from the Gauteng Department of Education (GDE) Head offices. The purpose was to elicit participants’ perceptions and experiences concerning the utilisation of the services offered by the GDE health promotion programme.
Main findings - The findings revealed that although the programme is effective to some degree, there are still implementation issues that need to be addressed. Moreover, ethics around the operations of the programme are crucial, and capacity building is necessary for the programme implementors.
Policy implications – Health promotion programmes are key to curbing absenteeism and stimulating productivity; however, implementation and awareness must be improved.
Indoor Microplastics: A Comprehensive Review and Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: BHAT MANSOOR AHMAD
Published: September 2023

The global scale of concern regarding indoor microplastic (MP) pollution is increasing and considering the amount of time people spend indoors. Indoor MP contamination can directly affect the human population through indoor dust and air exposure. This review summarized recent research progress on pretreatments, quality control, filter membranes, identification, keywords used, publication record, and authors' contribution. Comparatively, dust and deposition samples exhibit higher MPs concentrations than indoor air samples. Fiber-shaped MPs are commonly detected indoors, although fragments and films are also present. The color and types of MPs display variability, with polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, and polystyrene identified as the dominant MPs. Indoor environments generally demonstrate higher concentrations of MPs than outdoor environments, and MPs in the lower size range (1–100 µm) are typically more abundant. Among the reviewed articles, 45.24% conducted pretreatment on their samples, while 16.67% did not undergo any pretreatment. The predominant filter utilized in most studies was the Whatman Glass microfiber filter (41.67%), and MPs were predominantly characterized using µ-FTIR (19.23%). Within the examined literature, 17 articles incorporated blank samples into their research, while 8 articles did not include blank samples. Notably, most studies (23) did not integrate blank results into their samples. A significant increase in published articles has been observed since 2020, with an annual growth rate exceeding 10%. Bibliometric analysis of the literature review identified 35 authors who have contributed relevant material on indoor MPs. The keyword microplastics had the highest frequency, followed by fibers.
Exact effective action for the O(N) vector model in the large N limit
Authors: Ma Han , Lee Sung-Sik
Published: September 2023

We present the Wilsonian effective action as a solution of the exact RG equation for the critical O(N)O(N) vector model in the large NN limit. Below four dimensions, the exact effective action can be expressed in a closed form as a transcendental function of two leading scaling operators with infinitely many derivatives. From the exact solution that describes the RG flow from a UV theory to the fixed point theory in the IR, we obtain the mapping between UV operators and IR scaling operators. It is shown that IR scaling operators are given by sums of infinitely many UV operators with infinitely many derivatives.
Comparison of the performances of the gene expression programming model and the RegCM model in predicting monthly runoff
Authors: Pouyanfar Sajjad , Nozari Hamed , Khodamorad Pour Mehraneh
Published: September 2023

Prediction of rainfall and runoff is one of the most important issues in managing catchment water resources and sustainable use of water resources. In this study, the accuracy and efficiency of the Gene Expression Programming (GEP) model and the Regional Climate Model (RegCM) to predict runoff values from monthly precipitation were investigated. For this purpose, monthly precipitation data of 48 synoptic stations, monthly temperature data of 21 synoptic stations, and also monthly runoff data of 40 hydrometric stations located in the Karkheh basin during 45 years (1972–2017) were used. Out of this statistical period, 40 years was used for calibration, and five years (1995–1999) for the validation of the model results. The results showed that the GEP model with an average R2 value of 0.948, average RMSE value of 19.4 m3/s, average NSE value of 0.91, and average SE value of 0.3, had a much more accurate performance than the RegCM model, which had an average R2 value of 0.04, average RMSE value of 298.2 m3/s, average NSE value of −0.64, and average SE value of 4.6 in predicting monthly runoff.
Temporal and spatial variations of disinfection by-products in South Taihu's drinking water, Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Liu Tao , Zhang Min , Wen Dong , Fu Yun , Yao Jianhua , Shao Guojian , Peng Zhang
Published: September 2023

Some disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water present a potential safety concern. This study focuses on the elements influencing DBPs formation. A total of 120 water samples were collected from 10 different drinking water facilities spanning 5 counties within Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Concentrations of trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) were observed to be 14.5 and 27.4 μg/L, respectively, constituting 34 and 64% of the total DBPs. Seasonal fluctuations demonstrated that HAAs, THMs, halonitromethanes (HNMs), and haloacetonitriles (HANs) followed a similar pattern with higher levels in summer or autumn compared to spring. Importantly, the concentrations of HAAs and THMs were markedly higher in Taihu-sourced water compared to other sources. Geographically, Nanxun exhibited the highest levels of total DBPs, HAAs, and THMs, while Deqing and Changxing demonstrated significantly lower levels. Correlation studies between water quality parameters and DBPs revealed that factors such as chloride content, temperature, and residual chlorine positively influenced DBPs formation, whereas turbidity negatively affected it. Principal component analysis suggested similar formation processes for HANs, haloketones (HKs), HNMs, and THMs. Factors such as temperature, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and residual chlorine were identified as significant contributors to the prevalence of HAAs.
Research progress of the artificial intelligence application in wastewater treatment during 2012–2022: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Yu Xiaoman , Chen Shuai , Zhang Xiaojiao , Wu Hongcheng , Guo Yaoguang , Guan Jie
Published: September 2023

This study identified literatures from the Web of Science Core Collection on the application of artificial intelligence in wastewater treatment from 2011 to 2022, through bibliometrics, to summarize achievements and capture the scientific and technological progress. The number of papers published is on the rise, and especially, the number of papers issued after 2018 has increased sharply, with China contributing the most in this regard, followed by the US, Iran and India. The University of Tehran has the largest number of papers, WATER is the most published journal, and Nasr M has the largest number of articles. Collaborative network has been developed mainly through cooperation between European countries, China and the US. Remote sensing in developing countries needs to be further integrated with water quality monitoring programs. It is worth noting that artificial neural network is a research hotspot in recent years. Through keyword clustering analysis, 'machine learning' and 'deep learning' are hot keywords that have emerged since 2019. The use of neural networks for predicting the effectiveness of treatment of difficult to degrade wastewater is a future research trend. The rapid advancement of deep learning provides the opportunity to build automated pipeline defect detection systems through image recognition.
Efficacies of a locust bean gum polymer on the startup of a novel upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor treating municipal sewage
Authors: A. Aishwarya Lakshmi , S. Sadarajan
Published: September 2023

The present study investigates the potential of locust bean gum (LBG), in accelerating the startup of a novel upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor handling municipal sewage. Under identical conditions, two lab-scale UASB reactors were operated in parallel, to substantiate this idea. The novel reactor (RH) with an inner centric hybrid UASB module and an outer concentric downflow hanging sponge (DHS) unit started off with an LBG polymer as an additive. Its performance was compared with a conventional system (RC). RH outclassed with an accelerated startup in 40 days, with the highest COD removal of 89% by the UASB compartment and 95% by the entire system (UASB + DHS). RC took nearly 85 days to achieve the highest COD removal of 83%. The polymer also succeeded with a dense sludge bed fastening most of the anaerobes, read by the least sludge volume index (SVI) of 26 mL/g. Specific methanogenic activity (SMA) (RH – 0.715 ± 0.05 and RC – 0.670 ± 0.07 g CH4-COD/g VSS/ day) and extracellular polymer (ECP) concentration (0.30–0.32 g/g VSS) of biomass in both reactors were almost similar. This further confirmed that early granulation was induced solely by the polymer and it also had no deleterious impact on substrate transfer.
Intercomparison of SWAT and ANN techniques in simulating streamflows in the Astore Basin of the Upper Indus
Authors: Khan Sunaid , Khan Afed Ullah , Khan Mehran , Khan Fayaz Ahmad , Khan Sohail , Khan Jehanzeb
Published: September 2023

The current research work was carried out to simulate monthly streamflow historical record using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) at the Astore Basin, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. The performance of SWAT and ANN models was assessed during calibration (1985–2005) and validation (2006–2010) periods via statistical indicators such as coefficient of determination (R2), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), percent bias (PBIAS), and root-mean-square error (RMSE). R2, NSE, PBIAS, and RMSE values for SWAT (ANN with Architecture (2,27,1)) models during calibration are 0.80 (0.88), 0.73 (0.82), 15.7 (0.008), and 79.81 (70.34), respectively, while during validation, the corresponding values are 0.71 (0.86), 0.66 (0.95), 17.3 (0.10), and 106.26 (75.92). The results implied that the ANN model is superior to the SWAT model based on the statistical performance indicators. The SWAT results demonstrated an underestimation of the high flow and overestimation of the low flow. Comparatively, the ANN model performed very well in estimating the general and extreme flow conditions. The findings of this research highlighted its potential as a valuable tool for accurate streamflow forecasting and decision-making. The current study recommends that additional machine learning models may be compared with the SWAT model output to improve monthly streamflow predictions in the Astore Basin.
FAULT DETECTION AND PROTECTION METHOD ON LOW VOLTAGE DC MICRO-GRID SYSTEM
Authors: Pramono Sholeh Hadi , Maulana Eka , Suyono Hadi , Zainuri Akhmad
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Micro-grid architecture is designed for small scale model in Brawijaya University area in order to change conventional AC-based electricity system previously. Low voltage direct current (LVDC) levels are proposed and charactized to obtain the optimal design of the DC grid system. Some parameters related to the electrical phenomenon of voltage, current and power which occur in distributed-generation, distribution grid, and load sites were also analyzed. Detailed model of photovoltaic (PV) and PMSG was implemented with operational analysis and simulated with study case modes to achieved the power and system efficiency. DC bus is conducted to accommodate the distribution power between PV generation, battery and super capacitor for energy sorage element, distributed-load and other grid utilization.Various condition and operation have been characterized toward stability performance of the voltage and current of 12-36 volts and 0-20 A DC, respectively. This architectural design can be utilized to develop an actual design and small scale implementation of the LVDC smart micro-grid system.
Keywords: Fult Detection  Protection  Micro-grid  Low Voltage DC
BIOFILM MATRICES AS BIOMONITORING AGENT AND BIOSORBENT FOR CR(VI) POLLUTION IN AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
Authors: Kurniawan Andi
Published: September 2023

Heavy metal pollution in aquatic ecosystems has become one of the primary environmental problems. Cr(VI) is one of the most toxic and carcinogenic heavy metal pollutants. The degradation of aquatic ecosystems due to the Cr(VI) pollution usually occurs slowly, but the impact is accumulative. Hence, an awareness of the pollution often occurs when the impacts have already in the acute or chronic level. Therefore, the technologies to monitor and to solve the Cr(VI) pollution are critically important. The application of biological resources emerges as an alternative technology to solve the problems. This study analyzes the utilization of biofilm as a biomonitoring agent and a biosorbent to monitor and to immobilize Cr(VI) in the aquatic ecosystems, respectively. The development of the biofilm as a biomonitoring agent is conducted through the investigation of Cr(VI) concentration in the biofilm and the surrounding river water, while the utilization of the biofilm as a biosorbent is developed through the analysis of Cr(VI) adsorption characteristics to the biofilm. The results of this study reveal that the concentrations of Cr(VI) inside the biofilms are hundreds of times higher than the surrounding river water. The biofilms seem to accumulate the Cr(VI) from the surrounding river water through a physicochemical process. According to the result of this study, biofilms can become a promising biological agent to monitor and to immobilize Cr(VI) in the aquatic ecosystems.
Keywords: Biofilm, Biomonitoring, Biosorption, Cr(VI), Water Pollution
IMAGINARIOS DE CIUDAD Y VIOLENCIA DE PAREJA EN BARRANQUILLA DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE GÉNERO
Authors: Vásquez Fruto Rocío
Published: September 2023

ResumenEn este artículo se pretende analizar las relaciones entre los imaginarios sociales, los espacios urbanos y la violencia, desde la perspectiva de género. Se toma este referente teniendo en cuenta que la violencia de género es en muchos casos la manifestación de conflictos preexistentes con fuertes bases en los imaginarios sociales, especialmente en estereotipos y prejuicios construidos a lo largo de la historia con respecto a las relaciones de pareja. Se aborda la problemática planteada desde diversas perspectivas, incluyendo las mujeres como agentes de violencia, puesto que se ha hecho evidente, en los últimos dos años, el aumento de la participación de las mujeres en hechos de violencia, en especial en situaciones de criminalidad. Este artículo es producto del Proyecto de investigación Imaginarios sociales, violencia y ciudad, desde la perspectiva de Género en Barranquilla de la facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales de la Corporación Universitaria Americana.

AbstractThis paper aims to analyze the relations between the social imaginary, urban spaces, and violence from a gender perspective. This reference is taken considering that gender violence is in many cases the manifestation of preexisting conflicts with strong bases in the social imaginary, especially in stereotypes and prejudices built throughout history regarding relationships. It addresses the issues raised from various perspectives, including women as agents of violence, as has been evident in the past two years, increasing women’s participation in violence, especially in situations of crime. This paper is a product of social research project Imaginary, violence, and the city, from the perspective of gender in Ottawa Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at the American University Corporation.
APUNTES DEL TIPO PENAL CONCIERTO PARA DELINQUIR EN LA LEGISLACIÓN COLOMBIANA
Authors: Alonso Patricia , Ruiz Correa Norbey , Alvarino Juan David
Published: September 2023

La ley en general, específicamente en el desarrollo del presente artículo científico, ley penal, debe po­seer una justificación y razón de ser, que exponga los motivos de su promulgación y en sentido a su existencia legal, toda normal penal que sanciona una conducta delictiva por medio de la aplicación de una pena específica, encuentra su fundamento en la protección de los bienes jurídicos tutelados por la norma, de manera que ante la omisión de llevar a cabo determinadas conductas que los colocan en peli­gro o afectan, se pueda salvaguardar los mismos bienes jurídicos y la integridad social de los diferentes miembros del colectivo, tal como lo expone, como podemos saber toda conducta delictiva sancionada por la ley debe ser un acto o una omisión imputable al hombre, pero en determinados casos como lo son los delitos de mera conducta, el deber de la ley se encuentra estipulado en la protección de conductas que aun cuando no han causado un daño en la sociedad, colocan en peligro la integridad de determi­nados bienes jurídicos, como un acto en potencia destinado a afectarlos, por lo tanto la ley en los casos omite la materialización de la anti juridicidad o el principio de lesividad y se preocupa por la protección anticipada de conductas que lesiones dichos bienes, como lo es la tipificación del delito Concierto para delinquir en la legislación Colombiana.

 

  Abstract

Every law, especifically in the development of this article, criminal law, must have, a justification, that ex­pose the movil of its legal existence, every criminal law sanction that punish a criminal behavior imposing a condemn, find its justification through the protection of legal rights, protected and watched by the norm, saying this way, the omission of realize sort of behaviors, known as dangerous for society, will be possi­ble protect those rights and the social integrity of every member of the collective society, every criminal act should be and action or omission that can be pointed at the men that realize, but in some events, some crimes as the conduct crimes, the must of the law, is the protection of conducts that haven’t cause a damage in society, but that close to danger the integrity of legal rights, as and future act that affects such rights, and that a projection of damages, in those cases the criminal law omits the physically affection of the legal right, and the principle of damage and cares about the anticipated protection of behaviors that could affect those legal rights, as the criminalized of criminal concert o conspiracy.
VALOR PROBATORIO DEL TESTIMONIO DE UN MENOR EN UN PROCESO PENAL DE ABUSO SEXUAL
Authors: Polo Castillo Luis Alberto , Cabarcas Avila Adolfo Mario
Published: September 2023

Este articulo es producto de nuestro trabajo de grado para optar el titulo de especialistas en Derecho Penal y Criminología de la Universidad Libre – Seccional Barranquilla, en el cual abordamos un aspecto sumamente problemático en el ámbito de la relación Derecho Penal y Sicología, adentrándonos en la capacidad de discernimiento de un menor no solo partiendo de su condición propia de la edad, sino también cuando ha sido víctima de un abuso sexual, lo cual nos exige mirar con cautela qué tan racional o veraz resulta su versión, qué tanto puede influir en él, sentirse victimizado ante una conducta que final­mente se convierten en tragedias personales, íntimas y secretas que jamás se olvidan y dejan heridas indelebles en el alma, ya que en su esencia, el abuso sexual es un maltrato psicológico, es una traición fundamental de la confianza y las consecuencias del abuso sexual infantil muchas veces se arrastran de por vida.

 

 Abstract

This item is the result of our work degree to qualify the title of specialist in Criminal Law and Criminology, Free University - Sectional Barranquilla, where we boarded a highly problematic in the field of Criminal Law and Psychology aspect ratio, entering the capacity for discernment of a child not only based on its own condition of age, but when you have been a victim of sexual abuse, which requires us to look carefully how rational or truthful is his version, both can influence it , feeling victimized to conduct that eventually become personal, intimate and secret tragedies never forget and leave indelible wounds to the soul, because in its essence, sexual abuse is psychological, it is a fundamental betrayal of trust and consequences of child sexual abuse often creep lifetime.
GENEALOGÍA DE LA TRADICIÓN DEMOCRÁTICA CONTEMPORÁNEA: UN ESTADO DEL ARTE CONSTRUIDO DESDE LA FILOSOFÍA POLÍTICA
Authors: Miranda Morales Juan Carlos
Published: September 2023

Este artículo de revisión es producto del macro proyecto de investigación titulado Teoría, Practica y Polí­tica de la Democracia en el municipio de Santo Tomás. El objetivo central de este estado del arte fue po­sibilitar la construcción del marco teórico para la elaboración de este proyecto por parte de un colectivo de investigación. La pertinencia de este artículo de revisión radica en que permite hacer un recorrido por el desarrollo de la vena democrática desde los griegos hasta las corrientes contemporáneas. Esta ge­nealogía permite descubrir senderos que pueden servir para la comprensión de la construcción social de la democracia en nuestros contextos caribeños, que por su naturaleza variopinta, no permiten trasplantar modelo teóricos anacrónicos y ajenos a la idiosincrasia y la cultura Caribe. La metodología utilizada en la construcción de este estado del arte es el análisis documental, a partir de una amplia exploración bibliográfica. En este artículo se puede apreciar que la tradición democrática evidencia una intermitencia teórica que, surgiendo en la sociedad griega, se agota para resurgir posteriormente tomando elementos del cristianismo protestante, reafirmado con vigor por Rousseau en la ilustración y sigue vertientes dispa­res en el liberalismo político, el pensamiento social y las hibridaciones que se han presentado en el seno de las corrientes derivadas de las anteriores en la praxis política latinoamericana del Capitalismo tardío.

 Abstract

This review article is the result of macro research project entitled Theory , Practice and Politics of Demo­cracy in the town of Santo Tomas. The central objective of this state of the art was to enable the construc­tion of the theoretical framework for the development of this project by a research group. The relevance of this review article is that it allows a journey through the development of democratic vein from the Greeks to contemporary trends . This genealogy can discover paths that can be used for understanding the social construction of democracy in our Caribbean contexts , by their varied nature, do not allow transplanting anachronistic and non- Caribbean culture and idiosyncrasy theoretical model. The methodology used in this building is state of the art document analysis , based on an extensive literature scan. This article can be seen that the democratic tradition evidence theoretical intermittency arising in Greek society runs to resurface later taking elements of Protestant Christianity , again un-derlined by Rousseau in the illustration and follow disparate strands in political liberalism , thought social and hybridizations that have occurred within the currents derived from the above in Latin Ame-rican political praxis of late Capitalism.
LOS VALORES CONSTITUTIVOS DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS EN COLOMBIA: UNA PROPUESTA DE FORMACIÓN PARA LA VIDA
Authors: Rubio Median Edwin
Published: September 2023

En el desarrollo de este marco teo?rico se analizara?n los valores constitutivos de los derechos humanos, es decir la libertad, dignidad, igualdad. Estos se convierten en un referente a la hora de exigir los derechos porque los ciudadanos pueden incoarlos como valor, principio o derecho y tendra?n la misma proteccio?n y eficacia constitucional; asi? lo ha manifestado la jurisprudencia de la Corte desde sus inicios, ya que ha destacado la estrecha relacio?n entre los tres valores mencionados. Tambie?n se analizara? la incorporacio?n de la reciente e inagotada discusio?n acerca del valor de la identidad. Se realizara? entonces una definicio?n de cada uno, para posteriormente plantear de do?nde provendri?a su importancia para representar el pilar de los derechos humanos, y por tanto ser considerados fundamentales a la hora de realizar un proceso de forma- cio?n en derechos humanos en Colombia.

Palabras clave: Valores, Derechos Humanos, Visibilidad, Interdependencia, Desarrollo.

Abstract

In developing this framework the founding values of human rights will be discussed, ie freedom, dignity, equality. These become a reference point in demanding the rights that citizens can incoarlos as value, principle or law and have the same constitutional protection and efficiency; as stated by the jurisprudence of the Court since its inception, and has highlighted the close relationship between these three values. The incorporation of the recent e inagotada discussion about the value of identity will also be analyzed. A definition of each, then ask where to come from its importance to represent the pillar of human rights, and therefore be considered essential when performing a training process on human rights in Colombia was then performed.

Keywords: Values, Human Rights, Visibility, Interde- pendence, Development.
LEGALIZACIO?N DE LA CAPTURA: DERECHOS Y GARANTI?AS
Authors: Torres Silvera Cleise José
Published: September 2023

El presente arti?culo presenta los resultados de una investigacio?n bibliogra?fica de los derechos y garanti?as fundamentales y/o procesales del detenido en el sistema penal colombiano. En este contexto, se hace una descripcio?n breve de los derechos y garanti?as, que, a mi juicio, bajo la normatividad internacional deben garantizarse en materia de Derecho Penal para hablar de una captura legal, por lo que corresponde al juez de control de garanti?as verificar que desde la aprehensio?n hasta cuando la persona es llevada ante e?l, se respeten en todo momento sus derechos y garanti?as inherentes a cualquier persona, ya hubiese sido capturada en situacio?n de flagrancia, en cumplimiento de orden impartida por autoridad judicial competente o por orden escrita de la Fiscali?a General de la Nacio?n, en los casos y con el lleno de los requisitos legales. A su vez, se confrontara?n estas garanti?as en el a?mbito del Derecho para establecer, con mayor claridad, el alcance propio de tales derechos en Colombia; asi?, se evaluara?, por ejemplo el ejercicio del Derecho a la asistencia legal (a un abogado), a comparecer dentro del menor tiempo posible ante autoridad judicial competente, garanti?as, que como viene dicho es necesario se respeten para que se defina que la aprehensio?n ha sido legal.

Palabras clave: Captura, Legalizacio?n, Detenido, Asistencia legal, Derecho a comparecer, Autoridad judicial, Menor tiempo posible.

Abstract

This article advances an analysis of the fundamental rights and guarantees and/or procedural arrested in Colombian penal system. In this context it is a brief description of the rights and guarantees, which we believe, under international standards, must be guaranteed in Criminal Law to talk about a legal catch, and it is for the judge to verify that control guarantees from apprehension even when the person is brought before him at all times respected their rights and guarantees inherent to any person, and had been caught in flagrante delicto, in pursuance of order issued by competent judicial authority or by written order of the Fiscalia General de la Nacion, where and with full legal requirements. In turn, these guarantees were confronted in the field of law to establish more clearly the scope themselves of such rights in Colombia, thus, be assessed, eg the right to legal counsel (a lawyer), to appear within the shortest possible time to competent legal authority guarantees which, as is said is necessary respect to defining the apprehension has been legal.

Keywords: Capture, Legalization, Arrested, Legal assistance, The right to appear, Judicial authority, Shortest time possible.
MUSAS DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE
Authors: Loyola Fernández José
Published: September 2023

Este trabajo aborda la tema?tica de la mujer artista latinoamericana y cariben?a y su presencia en la esfera de la mu?sica, principalmente como inte?rprete vocal o instrumental y compositora. Se resaltan dos conceptos en el reflejo de la participacio?n arti?stica de la mujer: la representacio?n como modelo de la belleza fi?sica, y la de representante activa en su funcio?n de sujeto actuante al crear y reproducir la realidad del entorno, incluida su propia problema?tica social. Se explica co?mo las egresadas de las instituciones de formacio?n musical, integran las agrupaciones musicales, incluidas las constituidas totalmente por personal femenino. La investigacio?n se apoya en una metodologi?a anali?tica comparativa, histo?rica y musicolo?gica. Concluye en que Ame?rica Latina y el Caribe se coloca a la vanguardia de esta evolucio?n; donde la profundizacio?n de los procesos socio-poli?ticos consolidan la participacio?n de la mujer en las especialidades de la mu?sica: interpretacio?n, composicio?n, investigacio?n y ensen?anza.

Palabras clave: Mujer, mu?sica, Ame?rica Latina, Caribe, inte?rprete, compositora

Abstract

This study focuses on the Latin American and Caribbean female artists and their presence in the field of music, primarily as vocal or instrumental performers and composers. Two concepts are highlighted in reflecting the artistic participation of women: Representation as a model of physical beauty, and active representation in their role as acting subjects at creating and reproducing the surrounding reality, including their own social issues. It is explained how the alumni of music training institutions, integrate musical groups, including the ones entirely composed of female staff. The research is based on a comparative, historical and musicological analytical methodology. It concludes that Latin America and the Caribbean stands at the forefront of this evolution; where deepening socio-political processes strengthens the involvement of women in the fields of music: Performance, composition, research and teaching.

Keywords: Women, Music, Latin America, Caribbean, Singer, Songwriter.
ALGUNAS CONSECUENCIAS DEL RE?GIMEN DE TRANSICIO?N CONTEMPLADO EN EL DEROGADO ARTI?CULO 40 DEL DECRETO 1220 DE 2005
Authors: Gómez Rey Andrés
Published: September 2023

El presente arti?culo de reflexio?n desea exponer co?mo los regi?menes de transicio?n del licenciamiento ambiental colombiano han trai?do como consecuencia dificultades sobre la evaluacio?n, el seguimiento y el control de las ac- tividades que impactan los recursos naturales y por ende sobre el ejercicio de derechos colectivos. Para mostrarlo se utilizara? el contenido del arti?culo 40 del derogado De- creto 1220 de 2005 para asi? ver: a) co?mo algunas acciones adoptadas en pro y defensa del ambiente, por las entida- des que componen el Sistema Nacional Ambiental, posiblemente comprendan conflictos de competencia, que al ser resueltos hagan nugatorias las decisiones de al menos una de las enfrentadas, y b) la utilizacio?n de las competencias diferenciadas (sin conflicto), las cuales tendra?n como consecuencia la nugacio?n del derecho real de uso precario (Devis, 1944) que sobre los recursos naturales se otorga a los particulares a trave?s de las diversas autoriza- ciones administrativas ambientales. 

Abstract

To show how transition regimes of Colombian environmental licensing carry difficulties out on assessment, following and activities control and their impact on natural resources over the exercise of these collective rights are addressed in this reflection paper. The content of repealed Article 40, Decree No. 1220 dated 2005 is used to show a) the actions taken within Environmental National System defending and caring of environment, making possible to figure out conflict of competences and once resolved, renders nugatory the decisions by at least one of the parties involved and b) different competencies use, which will have as a consequence the ineffectiveness real use of natural resources right (Devis, 1944), throughout different environmental administrative authorizations granted to individuals.
CEREBRO Y SUJETO: UNA PRODUCCIO?N BIOPSICOSOCIAL
Authors: Calle Sandoval Diego Alejandro
Published: September 2023

Este documento constituye una reflexio?n sobre el puente entre la neurociencia y el comportamiento social. Temas como el cerebro, la mente, la percepcio?n y el comportamiento se revisan bajo una visio?n transdisciplinaria. De esta manera, la antigua perspectiva de la divisio?n objetiva y subjetiva de la comprensio?n de la mente, ha sido sustituida por una idea holi?stica en la cual las conexiones cerebrales, la realidad social y el ser, son articuladas al mismo tiempo. 

 

Abstract

This document is a reflection on the bridge between neuroscience and social behavior. Topics such as the brain, mind, perception, and behavior are reviewed under a transdisciplinary vision. Thus, the old perspective of objective and subjective understanding of mind division has been replaced by a holistic idea in which brain connections, social reality, and being, are articulated at the same time 

 

Resumo

Este documento e? uma reflexa?o sobre a ponte entre a neurocie?ncia e o comportamento social. Temas como: o ce?rebro, a mente, a percepc?a?o e o comportamento sa?o revisados sob uma visa?o transdisciplinar. Assim, o antigo ponto de vista da divisa?o objetiva e subjetiva da compreensa?o da mente foi substitui?do por uma ideia holi?stica na qual as conexo?es cerebrais, a realidade social e o ser sa?o articulados ao mesmo tempo.
Seis nuevas especies de Milla (Asparagaceae: Brodiaeoideae) de México
Authors: Gutiérrez Gallegos Jorge Alberto , Terrazas Salgado Teresa
Published: September 2023

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Milla, con diez especies, es el género más diverso de un grupo monofilético de hierbas geófitas nombrado clado Milla (Brodiaeoideae: Asparagaceae). Milla se diferencia de los géneros emparentados por sus flores hipocrateriformes, blancas, aromáticas y el tubo floral y ginóforo más largo que los tépalos. Milla biflora se entendía tradicionalmente como una especie de amplia distribución geográfica. Sin embargo, estudios recientes han demostrado que diversas poblaciones son entidades diferentes anatómica, morfológica y genéticamente, y deben ser reconocidas como especies nuevas. El objetivo de este estudio es describir e ilustrar seis especies nuevas de Milla, cuyas poblaciones eran consideradas parte de Milla biflora.
Métodos: Se recolectaron especímenes botánicos en el área de distribución de Milla en la República Mexicana, entre 2012 y 2015. Individuos de las poblaciones visitadas fueron sometidos a diversos análisis morfológicos, anatómicos y filogenéticos. Además, se revisaron ejemplares de quince herbarios, lo que permitió evaluar caracteres vegetativos y reproductivos.
Resultados clave: Se describen e ilustran seis nuevas especies de Milla, que se diferencian morfológicamente de M. biflora por el número de hojas, forma en sección transversal de la lámina foliar, tamaño del escapo, número de flores, color y tamaño de los tépalos, así como del número de nervaduras de los tépalos.
Conclusiones: Milla es un grupo natural de hierbas geófitas que se ha diversificado a lo largo de la República Mexicana. Las especies nuevas aquí descritas revelan que Milla ha sido poco atendido en su diversidad biológica.
Anais – XLIII Semana Médica
Authors: Diretório Acadêmico 8 de Outubro – DAMED
Published: September 2023

A Semana Médica é um tradicional evento acadêmico realizado anualmente na Faculdade de Medicina de Itajubá (FMIT). Durante uma semana, os congressistas desfrutam de apresentações de trabalhos, bem como palestras e minicursos ministrados por profissionais renomados sobre os temas mais relevantes do momento na Medicina e na área da saúde de modo geral. Organizada pelo Diretório Acadêmico 8 de Outubro e contando com o apoio da FMIT, a Semana Médica realizou em 2023 sua 43ª edição.
Navigating the complexities of mental health: reflections on suicide, pandemic, and future paths
Authors: Mejía Juan Felipe Rincón , Pivatto Valeska Maddalozzo
Published: September 2023

Some themes remain indisputably intricate, challenging, and impactful in the halls of science, in a world driven by technological advances and innovative discoveries. Mental health, a complex domain of human experience, has always been at the heart of these discussions. In recent years, the repercussions of the global pandemic have brought to light a critical aspect of this discourse that needs to be debated: suicide rates and their possible interconnection with the events surrounding us.
The Effect of Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Major Depressive Disorder: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lin Ziyi , Cheng Lu , Han Xue , Wang Hongqiong , Liao Yuhua , Guo Lan , Shi Jingman , Fan Beifang , Teopiz Kayla M , Jawad Muhammad Youshay , Zhang Huimin , Chen Yan , Lu Ciyong , McIntyre Roger S
Published: September 2023

Background

Many people living with major depressive disorder (MDD) in China do not receive treatment owing to a lack of mental health services, along with significant stigma toward mental illness. Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) has been proposed to increase access to mental health care for people with MDD.

Objective

The aims of this study were to (1) evaluate the efficacy of ICBT for depressive symptoms in patients with MDD; (2) evaluate the effect of ICBT on anxiety symptoms, nonspecific psychological distress, general self-efficacy, depression stigma, social function, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL); and (3) explore the acceptability of and satisfaction with the ICBT program among participants.

Methods

Patients with MDD were enrolled and randomized to the ICBT group or the waiting-list control (WLC) group. The ICBT group received ICBT delivered through a WeChat mini-program with general support by nonspecialists. Participants in the 2 groups were self-evaluated online at baseline and posttreatment for changes in the primary outcome (ie, depressive symptoms) and secondary outcomes (ie, anxiety symptoms, nonspecific psychological distress, general self-efficacy, depression stigma, social functional impairment, and HRQoL). Changes in outcomes were measured by changes in overall scores on respective scales, and response and remission rates were calculated based on depressive symptoms. The acceptability of and satisfaction with the ICBT program were measured by treatment adherence and participants’ feelings (ie, modules seriously completed, perceived benefit, and satisfaction).

Results

We included 40 patients who were randomly assigned to the ICBT group and 44 who were assigned to the WLC group. Compared with the WLC group, the ICBT group had fewer depressive symptoms, fewer anxiety symptoms, less nonspecific psychological distress, and greater general self-efficacy. Moreover, the ICBT group had higher response (18/31, 58%) and remission rates (17/31, 55%). The adherence rate in the ICBT group was 78% (31/40), and the majority of participants who completed all ICBT modules were satisfied with the ICBT program.

Conclusions

ICBT demonstrated greater improvements in depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, nonspecific psychological distress, and general self-efficacy among selected patients with MDD in comparison with the findings in waiting-list controls. The ICBT program in this study had good acceptability and satisfaction among participants.

Trial Registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100046425); https://tinyurl.com/bdcrj4zv
Social Media Use Among Orthopedic and Trauma Surgeons in Germany: Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Youssef Yasmin , Scherer Julian , Niemann Marcel , Ansorg Jörg , Back David Alexander , Gehlen Tobias
Published: September 2023

Background

Social media (SM) has gained importance in the health care sector as a means of communication and a source of information for physicians and patients. However, the scope of professional SM use by orthopedic and trauma surgeons remains largely unknown.

Objective

This study presents an overview of professional SM use among orthopedic and trauma surgeons in Germany in terms of the platforms used, frequency of use, and SM content management.

Methods

We developed a web-based questionnaire with 33 variables and 2 separate sections based on a review of current literature. This study analyzed the first section of the questionnaire and included questions on demographics, type of SM used, frequency of use, and SM content management. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (version 26.0). Subgroup analysis was performed for sex, age groups (<60 years vs ≥60 years), and type of workplace (practice vs hospital). Differences between groups were assessed with a chi-square test for categorical data.

Results

A total of 208 participants answered the questionnaire (166/208, 79.8% male), of whom 70.2% (146/208) were younger than 60 years and 77.4% (161/208) worked in a practice. All participants stated that they use SM for private and professional purposes. On average, participants used 1.6 SM platforms for professional purposes. More than half had separate SM accounts for private and professional use. The most frequently used SM platforms were messenger apps (119/200, 59.5%), employment-oriented SM (60/200, 30%), and YouTube (54/200, 27%). All other SM, including Facebook and Instagram, were only used by a minority of the participants. Women and younger participants were more likely to use Instagram (P<.001 and P=.03, respectively). The participants working in a hospital were more likely to use employment-oriented SM (P=.02) and messenger apps (P=.009) than participants working in a practice. In a professional context, 20.2% (39/193) of the participants produced their own content on SM, 24.9% (48/193) used SM daily, 39.9% (77/193) used SM during work, and 13.8% (26/188) stated that they checked the number of followers they had. Younger participants were more likely to have participated in professional SM training and to have separate private and professional accounts (P=.04 and P=.02, respectively). Younger participants tended toward increased production of their own content (P=.06).

Conclusions

SM is commonly used for professional purposes by orthopedic and trauma surgeons in Germany. However, it seems that professional SM use is not exploited to its full potential, and a structured implementation into daily professional work routines is still lacking. SM can have a profound impact on medical practices and communication, so orthopedic and trauma surgeons in Germany should consider increasing their SM presence by actively contributing to SM.