bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In silico study of anti-quorum sensing activity of silver, zinc oxide, and copper oxide nanoparticles against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Sadoq Badr-Edine , Britel Mohammed Reda , Bouajaj Adel , Touhami Ahmed , Touhami Fakhita , Maurady Amal
Published: January 2023

In recent years, Pseudomonas aeruginosa emerged as a significant pathogenic microorganism in the majority of hospital-acquired infections due to the elevated levels of resistance to antibacterial agents by virtue of its highly organized quorum sensing (QS). P. aeruginosa has three hierarchical major QS systems (LasI/R, RhlI/R, and PqsA/R) that are involved in the secretion of virulence factors, biofilm formation, and antimicrobial resistance. Thus, targeting the QS mechanism may be a good strategy to combat infection caused by P. aeruginosa. In the present study, in silico analysis by molecular docking simulation of anti-quorum sensing activities of silver, zinc oxide and copper oxide against P. aeruginosa strain have been evaluated. Molecular docking showed that metal/metal oxide interaction with Acyl-Homoserine-Lactone synthases (LasI, RhlI, PqsA) can prevent precursor molecule binding and therefore inhibit the synthesis of functional signaling molecules. In addition, the binding of these nanoparticles to regulatory proteins (LasR, RhlR, PqsR) decreases the expression of QS-controlled genes by competing with functional signaling molecules for interaction with regulatory proteins. Thus, our results revealed that ZnO possesses good binding properties towards the selected targets. Particularly, the PqsA-ZnO complex shows more stable active binding sites and better binding affinity (-3.83 kcal/mol) with an inhibitory constant (Ki) of 1.65 mM. The binding mode of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) has been found to be more potent compared to Ag and CuO NPs and related to the virulence factors of Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. This suggests that ZnO NPs could potentially be developed as effective inhibitors of QS systems and biofilms.
Graph Relation Networks for Few-shot Node Classification on Attributed Networks
Authors: 里 魏丽 , 刘 刘勇 , 张 魏张
Published: January 2023

Few-shot learning has been solving classification problems with few labels in the image and text domains, which has achieved great success in such Euclidean domains. However, a large amount of data can be represented as attributed networks defined by non-Euclidean domains, and fewer studies have successfully applied few-shot learning to attributed networks. Firstly, they ignore the relationship between nodes, so they can not obtain an adequate and accurate representation of nodes. Secondly, the use of an artificial set distance function to measure the similarity between nodes is defective. Because some special samples can cause perturbation to the classifier. In order to solve the above problems, we propose a new framework based on relation networks - graph relation networks (GRN). Specifically, GRN first sets up an episode training mechanism to simulate a real-world few-shot scenario, then uses graph attention networks to obtain a representation of each node with importance scores, and finally learns to compare the similarity of unclassified and classified nodes through the relation network. We conduct extensive experiments on real-world datasets. The experimental results show that the method improves the performance of graph node classification.
Statistical and machine learning approaches to study weather-disease-mustard yield relationship under varying environmental conditions
Authors: Singh Manjari , Nain Ajeet Singh
Published: January 2023

The sowing window of mustard crop under Indian conditions, often varies from place to place and from year to year, creating a diverse set of environmental conditions available for crop growth and development. The present study examines the use of statistical and machine learning approaches for mustard yield prediction at eight sowing dates, using long-term (2006–2021) weather and disease data collected from the experimental fields of GB Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, India. Descriptive statistics suggest that there is a drastic reduction in mustard yield when sowing is delayed after October 15. Cross comparison of models suggested that ANN followed by LASSO can be used for mustard yield prediction satisfactorily at most of the sowing dates. Among different modelling approaches, ANN approach resulted in a higher coefficient of determination (R2 ≈ 1), with a lower normalised root mean square error (nRMSE) during calibration (ranging between 0.05 and 2.08), as well as validation (ranging between 0.02 and 4.57) for different sowing dates, over other approaches. The Pearson correlation coefficients (r) were also determined for the observed and predicted yield. These values also showed ANN as the best performing model with correlation values ranging from 0.63 to 1.00, followed by LASSO (0.47–0.92), ENET (0.46–0.92), and Ridge (0.38–0.91). Small values ofrcorrespond to the late sowing dates DOS 6 and onwards. Machine learning approach ANN outperformed the shrinkage regression methods for most of the sowing dates with its lower error values and higher correlation coefficient values. From the above study it was concluded that machine learning approaches using weather indices and disease severity as the predictor can be effectively used for precise yield prediction of mustard crop under different environmental conditions of north India.
Integrative analyses of genes and miRNAs associated with age-related sarcopenia
Authors: Lee Sangyeob , Seo Sung Hyo , Yoo Jun-Il
Published: January 2023

Identifying genome-wide transcription expression patterns is important to confirm general gene function in sarcopenia patients. The purpose of this study was to find differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) in the muscle samples of older people. In addition, we researched to find new miRNA-mRNA regulatory network for treating sarcopenia. Microarray datasets of Gene Expression Series (GSE) 8479 and GSE1428 were obtained for the vastus lateralis muscles of young and older male subjects. Dataset GSE23527 contained microRNA arrays of 12 young muscle samples and 12 older muscle samples. In the GSE8479 and GSE1428 datasets, a total of 81 DEGs were discovered, including 4 upregulated genes and 77 downregulated genes. The top 12 clusters and their representative enriched terms were identified using Metascape. A total of 79 nodes and 186 edges were predicted in the PPI network. 1 upregulated DE-miRNA (hsa-miR-450a-5p) and 6 downregulated DE-miRNAs (hsa-miR-127-3p, hsa-miR-24-2-5p, hsa-miR-378a-5p, hsa-miR-532-5p, hsa-miR-487b-5p, and has-miR-487b-3p) were selected in the miRBase database. The MiRWalk online database was utilized for exploring 8017 genes that were selected as genes regulated by DE-miRNAs and six of them overlapped with hub genes. COX7A1 and NDUFB5 showed significantly low expression in sarcopenia patients compared to the controls. The bioinformatics analysis showed that two target genes (COX7A1 and NDUFB5) were potentially downregulated in sarcopenia patients. Several miRNAs (hsa-miR-378a-5p, hsa-miR-532-5p, hsa-miR-127-3p, and hsa-miR-24-2-5p) were identified as regulating the target genes. These results suggest that controlling the identified miRNAs could be a prospective strategy for treating sarcopenia by regulating the mRNA-miRNA network. Level of Evidence: Level I
Tratamento de Fratura de Face Incomum em Paciente Pediátrico
Authors: Fernandes Breno dos Reis , Bizzotto Jéssica Fernanda , Weber Júnior Volmir Ferreira , Abrasson Adryleine Patrícia , Bortoloso Alinne , Sant’Ana Amanda Paino , Marchiori Darah Lígia , Mulinari-Santos Gabriel
Published: January 2023

Fraturas faciais quando não são corretamente tratadas podem interferir no desenvolvimento ósseo da criança, uma vez que o paciente se encontra em fase de crescimento. Esses traumas são pouco comuns e exigem atenção durante o exame clínico e de imagem para obter um correto diagnóstico e planejamento do caso. O artigo em questão relata o tratamento cirúrgico de um caso de fratura do complexo zigomático orbitário em paciente pediátrico, onde foram realizadas redução e fixação de fratura com placas de titânio, as quais, após acompanhamento de 6 meses, foram removidas com sucesso.
Bias Gender dalam Teks Al-Qiraah Al-Rashidah
Authors: Natsir Ahmad , Muzakki Hawwin , Fahrudin Ahmad
Published: January 2023

Learning Arabic in Islamic boarding schools is always inseparable from the study of a text in Arabic to read, study, and understand the Arabic rules in it. Not just because it contains many lessons, this text study also contains many interesting new structures for language learning. Al-Qiraah al-Rashidah is a book taught in Islamic boarding schools that adopt the Gontor curriculum. This book is taught from grade two (2 Tsanawiyah) to grade five (2 Aliyah). As a book full of wisdom and new signs, this book should be free of values that contain gender bias. However, this imbalance between men and women occurs in one of the titles contained in this book, namely Kadzab al-Munajjimun wa Law Sadaqu. By drawing on the semiological theory, this paper concludes two things (1) the marker in this text is the full text of a story with the title Kadzab al-Munajjimun wa Law Sadaqu (2) the marker is interpreted as a woman who has no future to become a leader, famous, and respected. people. The women in the text are not entitled to get their rights in work and careers.
MULTIKULTURALISME DAN DINAMIKA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI INDONESIA (DARI MASA PENJAHAHAN HINGGA REFORMASI)
Authors: Idris Muhammad Anwar
Published: January 2023

Pendidikan Islam yang berada di Indonesia tidaklah muncul dan berkembang dengan tiba-tiba. Hal ini melewati proses sejarah yang panjang. Dengan mengkaji sejarah, dinamika serta epistemologi akan terurai terkait dengan historitas pendidikan Islam di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan masuk dalam kategori library research. Sumber datanya diperoleh dari buku primer dan jurnal yang berkaitan dengan tema, tenik analisis datanya menggunakan metode desktiptif analitik. Adapun hasil penelitian ini antara lain: bahwa pertama kali pendidikan Islam berada di bumi pertiwi selaras dengan masuknya Islam ke Indonesia. melalui dinamika yang panjang terdapat empat fase. Pertama, masa penjajahan Belanda yang diskriminatif tehadap pendidikan Islam, kemudian masa penjajahan Jepang pendidikan Islam agak longgar dari diskriminasi, karena Jepang pada masa itu memiliki misi perang dunia II. Kedua, masa orde lama perlahan pemerintah memberikan perhatian terhadap pendidikan Islam. Ketiga, orde baru, pada masa ini madrasah mendapatkan kesetaraan dengan sekolah umum. Keempat, masa reformasi, pendidikan Islam di masa ini sudah berkembang maju, kurikulum, kemudian pendidikan Islam juga diperhatikan dengan menggelontorkan anggaran 20% dari APBN. Kemudian terkait epistemology pendidikan Islam di Indonesia dapat dikenali dengan mempertegas melalui warisan budaya dan peradaban Islam berupa kehadiran madrasah.
O Compliance Como Instrumento de Monitoramento e Controle da Administração Pública
Authors: Luengo Claudia Abe Gargel , Vieira Saulo Fabiano Amâncio , Nunes Augusto Luengo Pereira , Suguihiro Vera Lucia Tieko
Published: January 2023

Este estudo tem como objetivo levantar o estado da arte acerca do compliance na Administração Pública produzido no meio científico nacional e a compreensão da sua abrangência. A abordagem utilizada foi quantitativa e descritiva, através da pesquisa bibliográfica para coleta de dados. Buscou-se analisar periódicos selecionados da biblioteca eletrônica SPELL com a utilização da técnica de análise de conteúdo. A relevância do estudo está em analisar o estado da arte do compliance presente na administração pública e relacioná-lo com as leis bibliométricas e a verificação da rede de autoria, pois há diversos estudos e levantamentos do compliance, mas voltados para a administração privada. Como resultado observou-se que a Revista de Administração Pública foi o periódico que mais publicou sobre o tema, houve um crescimento das publicações ao longo dos anos, sendo 2019 e 2020, os anos com mais publicações. Observou-se que há aplicabilidade da lei de Lotka nos artigos analisados, porém não houve aplicabilidade da lei de Bradfort e de Zipf. A rede de autoria possui uma densidade de 0.037, considerada como uma rede fraca. A seguinte pesquisa contribui para mapear e identificar as produções, sua evolução ao longo dos anos, as contribuições e redes entre os autores e traz o levantamento dos artigos mais citados no cenário nacional na área do Compliance, sendo este um roteiro básico para os pesquisadores que desejam iniciar a pesquisa na área.
ALIŞVERİŞ MERKEZLERİNDE ÇALIŞAN KADINLARIN YAŞADIKLARI SORUNLAR ÜZERİNE NİTEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA: BURSA İLİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: BACAK Bünyamin , DERİCİ Nazmiye , KANYILMAZ POLAT Ebru
Published: January 2023

Alışveriş Merkezleri günümüzde kadınlara yeni istihdam olanağı sunan cazibe merkezleri konumuna gelmiştir. Sosyal becerilere dayalı, formal eğitim gerektirmeyen satış danışmanlığı mesleği özellikle iş bulamayan ya da yeni mezun kadınların geçici bir iş gözüyle tercih ettikleri yeni istihdam fırsatları olarak görülmektedir. Diğer yandan uzun ve esnek çalışma saatleri, yetersiz mola süreleri ve tatiller, vardiyalı çalışma gibi karakteristik özellikleri olan satış danışmanlığı mesleği kadınların geleneksel rolleri ile büyük çatışma yaratmaktadır. Çalışmada Alışveriş Merkezlerinde çalışan kadınların çalışma koşullarını tespit etmek için nitel bir araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu evreni temsil etmek üzere Bursa ilinde en büyük dört alışveriş Merkezi’nde çalışan 15 kadın ile görüşme yapılmıştır. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile toplanan veriler MaxQda 2018 Demo Sürümü ile tematik analize tabi tutulmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre kadınlar çok uzun saatler boyunca yetersiz mola süreleri ile yetersiz buldukları ücret düzeylerinde çalışmaktadırlar. Çalışma ortamları dışarıdan izole, havasız, yüksek ışıklı ve gürültülü olarak tanımlanmıştır. Müşterilerin kendilerine karşı kaba, saygısız ve onları meta gibi gören yaklaşımlarından rahatsızdırlar. Yöneticiler ve çalışma arkadaşları ile katı denetim ve yüksek hedefler nedeni ile sürtüşmeler yaşamaktadırlar. Vardiyalı ve esnek çalışma süreleri nedeni ile aile ve sosyal yaşamları zarar görürken, haftanın tek günü olan izin günleri nedeni ile iş-aile çatışması yaşayabilmektedirler. Sektörde sendikal örgütlenmenin yetersizliği sorunların çözümünde önemli bir ayağın eksik kalmasına sebep olmaktadır.
Deprem Sonrası Bina Yüzeylerinde Meydana Gelen Çatlakların Tespitinde Sınıflandırma Modellerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: ŞENER Abdullah , ERGEN Burhan
Published: January 2023

Deprem, can ve mal kaybına neden olan bir doğal afettir. Deprem sonrası hasarların ve can kayıplarının en aza indirilebilmesi için ön hazırlıkların yapılması büyük önem taşımaktadır. Yapılan çalışmada duvar yüzeylerinde meydana gelen küçük veya büyük çaplı çatlakların tespit edilmesi işlemleri, son yıllarda bilgisayar alanında popüler çalışma konularından biri olan görüntü sınıflandırma yöntemleriyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada içerisinde çatlakların bulunduğu ve bulunmadığı 40000 duvar görüntülerinden oluşan veri seti kullanılmıştır. Sınıflandırma işlemlerinde DenseNet-201, VGG-19 ve Xception modelleri ayrı ayrı kullanılmıştır. Modeller kullanılarak görüntüler özellik haritaları çıkartılmıştır. Bir sonraki aşamada ise DenseNet-201 ile %99, VGG-19 ile %94 ve Xception modeli ile %99 doğruluk oranı ile sınıflandırma işlemleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen sınıflandırma işlemlerindeki başarılar göz önüne alındığında hasar tespiti işlemlerinde kullanılabilecek alternatif bir yöntem sunulmaktadır.
N25P5K5 Türü Yeni Nesil Bir Bitki Besininin Kuruma Kinetiğinin Regresyon ve Makine Öğrenme Yöntemleri ile Belirlenmesi
Authors: KACAR İlyas , KORKMAZ Cem
Published: January 2023

Gittikçe artan dünya nüfusunun gıda ihtiyacını karşılayabilmek için araştırmacılar tarımsal verimin artırılmasına yönelik yoğun bir şekilde çalışmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmaların önemli bir kısmını; zirai, katı atık vb. ürünlerin kuruma davranışının modellenmesi oluşturmaktadır. Verimli bir kurutma sayesinde kaliteli ürün ve enerji tasarrufu elde edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada yeni nesil bitki besinlerinden biri olan %25 azot, %5 fosfor ve %5 potasyum karışımının kuruma davranışı modellenmiştir. Kurumanın modellenebilmesi için sadece regresyon değil aynı zamanda makine öğrenme yöntemleri de kullanılmıştır. Makine öğrenme yöntemlerinden yapay sinir ağları ve uzun-kısa süreli bellek yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Bu yöntemlerin hem kuruma verisini modellemede hem de ileriye yönelik verilerin tahminindeki performansları araştırılmıştır. Kurutma deneylerinden elde edilen nem verisi kullanılmıştır. Veriler eğitim, doğrulama ve test kümelerine ayrılmıştır. Performans değerlendirme kriterleri olarak hata fonksiyonları, korelasyon ve determinasyon katsayıları kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak yapay sinir ağı ve uzun-kısa süreli bellek metotlarının hem eğitim hem de test verileri üzerindeki tahmin performanslarının regresyon yöntemlerine göre oldukça iyi olduğu görülmüştür. Yapay sinir ağı tahmin performansının uzun-kısa süreli bellek yönteminden daha başarılı olduğu ve en iyi tahmin performansını verdiği tespit edilmiştir.
Mekânların Covid-19 Skorlarının Araştırılması: Mimarlık Fakültesi Stüdyoları Üzerinden Bir İnceleme
Authors: İLİPINAR Damlanur , YAZICIOĞLU Gülin
Published: January 2023

2019 yılının sonlarına doğru ortaya çıkan Covid-19 virüsü, kısa bir süre içinde tüm dünyayı etkisi altına almış olup, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından ‘pandemi’ ilan edilmiştir. Covid-19 salgını ile mücadele sürecinde, hastalığın yayılabileceği koşulları azaltan yeni bina düzenlemeleri düşünülmeye başlanmıştır. Bu güvenlik önlemleri arasında maske zorunluluğu, havalandırma sistemlerinin yeniden tasarımı ve sosyal mesafe politikaları yer almaktadır. Yüz yüze eğitime başlayan okullarda dersliklerin sosyal mesafeyi göz önünde bulundurularak yeniden kullanım değerlendirilmesi gibi bazı değişimlere ihtiyaç duyulduğu görülmüştür. Pandemi öncesinde belirli standartlar çerçevesinde oluşturulmuş mekânların, normalleşme ile başlayan süreçle birlikte kapasitelerinin tekrar değerlendirilmesi zorunlu hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada, normalleşme sürecinde yüz yüze eğitimin başlaması kararı üzerine, dersliklerin kullanım kapasiteleri değerlendirilerek sürecin daha güvenilir ilerlemesi hedeflenmektedir. Mekânların kullanım kapasitelerini ölçmek için, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi Mimarlık Fakültesi stüdyoları seçilmiştir. Seçilen stüdyolar Autodesk Revit programı ile modellenmiştir. Eklenti olarak çalışan ve bina performans analizleri yapmaya imkan sağlayan Cove.tool uygulaması kullanılarak Covid-19 güvenlik skorları ve mekan kullanım kapasiteleri hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, öğrencilerin yüz yüze eğitime sağlıklı devam edebilmeleri için stüdyolarda uygun sosyal mesafede bulunabilecek optimum öğrenci sayısı önerilmiştir.
Chenille Yarn Production Parameters Improvement Studies and Evaluation of Their Effects
Authors: ŞENER Arif , KOÇ Duygu Durdu , YILMAZ Kübra , TOSUNOĞLU Ece , ÇAM Pınar , GÜNDÜBAY Anıl , DEMİRDELEN Tuğçe
Published: January 2023

Chenille yarn has an increasing share of use in the upholstery fabric sector recently. To have an important place in chenille yarn production in the world, it has become necessary for manufacturers to improve the quality, durability, and performance of their products and to carry out innovative studies in this field. Increasing the abrasion resistance of the yarns that form the basis of upholstery fabrics will significantly affect the service life performance. In this study, two raw materials selected with different production parameters were examined. These raw materials are determined as viscose and polyester, which are mostly used for chenille yarn in the production facility. The parameters covered in this study are determined and evaluated as the fixed/unfixed state of the yarn, the state of having different twist values, and the presence or absence of melted yarn added to ensure better adhesion of the pile and binder yarn with each other. In this direction, to test the abrasion resistance of the yarns produced from 6 polyester raw materials and 6 viscose raw materials with different properties, they are woven into fabrics by weaving on a 65-density jacquard loom. Each fabricated sample is realized by Martindale test. This test is realized to see the result of friction force and impact effect on the fabric surface. Also, it is aimed to determine the resistance of the samples against pilling and surface change. Based on the results, different parameters affecting the abrasion resistance of upholstery fabrics obtained from chenille yarn were interpreted and it was aimed to be a pioneering study in this field.
Investigation of Color, and Fastness Properties of Wool Yarn Dyed with Ternary Plant Combination: A New Dyeing Method for the Production of Eco-Friendly Textiles
Authors: KOYUNCU Menderes
Published: January 2023

Lately, the utilization of natural colorants in textile dyeing and printing has come to the forepart of the manufacturing of textile goods due to increased environmental troubles. In this study, wool yarns were dyed with ternary dye combinations (Scutellaria Orientalis L, Rubia Tinctorium L, and, Punica Granatum L ). The color coordinates and washing and light fastness were investigated. Washing fastness and light fastness are fair to good. Dyed wool yarns were worked calorimetrically and their color coordinates CIELAB (L*, a*, and b*) and color strength (K/S), and ∆E* values were given. Fourier transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) morphological studies have also been carrid out on dyed and undyed yarns. From the results, it could be said that the natural dye extracted from ternary dye combinations plants has good potential in wool yarns dyeing and can be exploited further.
World Experience in Ex-Post Evaluation of Transport Infrastructure Projects
Authors: Sargina A. V.
Published: January 2023

Transport infrastructure projects are costly and depend on a number of factors. The lack of common definitions and methodology for measuring transport infrastructure costs prevents cross-country comparisons. The article presents a review of academic works on the analysis of transport infrastructure projects, analyzes the methodological documents of ex-post evaluation in the UK and Australia, and proposes an approach to ex-post evaluation in Russia. This approach suggests performing the ex-post evaluation in one year, five years, 15 years after the operation start, and at the year operation termination. Conducting expost evaluation will make it possible to compile a knowledge base of Russian transport infrastructure projects, conduct research on actual data, increase the accuracy of calculations in the forecast effect models.
The Contents of «Federalism» Journal for 2022
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: January 2023

.
Cognition	Enhancement Strategies by Ion	Channel Modulation of Neurotransmission
Authors: Eid, Jr. Clark N. , Rose Gregory M.
Published: January 2023

Relatively few effective therapies exist for the multitude of disorders that comprise dementia, a clinical syndrome manifested by impairments in cognition. language and memory. Treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause or dementia, is a primary goal of research in cognitive enhancement. However, despite intense research, effective pharmacological interventions remain to be developed. The preponderance of pharmacological strategies which are being pursued in AD research attempt to relieve cognitive and memory deficits which are attributed to cholinergic dysfunction. This paper briefly reviews the status of other efforts that have in common the potential to enhance the use-dependent activity of multiple neurotransmitters system through the modulation of gated ion channels. Discussed are recent advances in the areas of: 1) y-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor/benzodiazepine (GABAA/BZ) inverse agonists; 2) nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists; 3) serotonin subtype 3 receptor (5-HT3R) antagonists; and 4) potassium (K+) M-channel inhibitors.
Polyoxins and Nikkomycins: Progress in Synthetic and Biological Studies
Authors: Miller M. J. , Zhang D.
Published: January 2023

Polyoxins and nikkomycins are naturally-occurring peptidyl nucleoside antibiotics. As inhibitors of chitin synthetase, they exhibit antifungal activity, but lack antibacterial activity. Since they also lack mammalian toxicity, they represent potentially useful models for the development of effective agents for the treatment of opportunistic fungal infections. Direct clinical application of the natural peptidyl nucleosides is compromised by their attenuated i11 l'ivo activity, apparently due to their hydrolytic !ability and inefficient fungal cell wall permeability. Thus, extensive efforts
have focused on syntheses of natural peptidyl nucleosides, their components and analogs in anticipation of establishing useful structure-activity-relationships (SAR) for the development of new antifungal agents. A comprehensive and critical review of the synthetic effort and subsequent biological studies reveals that while much has been accomplished, ideal antifungal agents have not yet been developed from the natural peptidyl nucleoside leads. The need for continued study of agents with novel modes of action is emphasized by the realization that other structurally varied antifungal agents currently used clinically have limitations and often severe side effects, including nephrotoxicity.
Current Progress in the Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design of Artemisinin Based Antimalarials
Authors: Avery Mitchell A. , Vromana Jeffrey A. , Alvim-Gastona Maria
Published: January 2023

This review covers developments in relation to artemisinin-based antimalarial agents. Topics covered include a brief introduction to the history and treatment of malaria, and more recently, drug resistant malaria; the discovery of the naturally occurring novel peroxidic antimalarial artemisinin; artemisinin biosynthesis.
metabolism and biotransformations; the diversity of proposed mechanisms of action: pharmacokinetics: the insight into structure-toxicity relationships; the total syntheses and the progress made in the syntheses of its analogs; and, ultimately the contribution of these efforts towards rational drug design in order to access potent, non-toxic antimalarial drugs based on artemisinin.
Management of Impacted Mandibular Second Molar: A Case Report
Authors: Halim Himawan , Halim Ivan A.
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

In rare cases, impacted second molars may create additional problems for orthodontic treatment. Both parents and the orthodontist should be aware of this problem early to prevent further complications. Good teamwork between the orthodontist and oral maxillofacial surgeon is needed in handling these cases, especially if it involves removing the impacted second molar. The right time to treat an impacted second molar is between the age of 11 to 14 years old. An impacted second molar can lead to a lack of arch length in the patient.

Objective:

The case report described the management of a female patient with a treated left-and-right impacted second molar in the mandible. The chief complaint of the patient was a protrusive mouth and having two impacted second molars, as told by her general dentist.

Case Report:

A 15-years-old female patient with Class I molar relationship, bilateral second molar impaction, and bimaxillary protrusion visited the clinic for orthodontic treatment. Extraction of four first premolar and mandibular second molar was completed. Both mandibular third molars were moved anteriorly to help close the space.

Conclusion:

Good cooperation from various disciplines and treatment planning to resolve the case can produce excellent and ideal results.
A Methodology to Identify the Hinterland for Freight Ports by Transportation Cost Functions
Authors: Gattuso Domenico , Cassone Gian Carla , Pellicanò Domenica Savia
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

The competitiveness of a port depends on hinterland characteristics, among other factors. In particular, hinterland accessibility and efficient inland logistics are key factors in ensuring the speed of goods flows. The port systems have to be configured as an efficient and logistically effective interface between oceanic maritime trade and inland trade.

The paper has been elaborated starting from research carried out in the European ISTEN project (Integrated and Sustainable Transport in the Efficient Network), aiming to improve the intermodal connections among the ports of the Adriatic-Ionian area and the ports and their hinterlands.

Objective:

The objective of the work is to propose an original approach for identifying the port hinterland based on the evaluation of transport times and costs in the whole supply chain (from the origin in the foreland zone to a final destination in the hinterland).

Methods:

The analyses have been carried out by considering separately the transport time and monetary cost components and generalized transport cost. The methodology involves wide research of data and careful analysis of the port hinterland connectivity. An analytical application is proposed in order to identify and compare the potential hinterlands of two Italian ports, Gioia Tauro and Genoa.

Results:

The results of the proposed analyses show that the geographical distribution of the port hinterlands changes significantly in relation to the reference drivers in terms of monetary cost and time along the intermodal international paths; this has led to further analyses considering the transport generalized cost which has integrated into travel time and monetary cost.

Conclusion:

The aim of the proposed approach is to overcome the limits of the methodologies of the sector based on geographical characteristics that focus attention only on market aspects considering marginally the transport component. The methodology is transferable to other contexts and other types of freight interchange nodes by adapting the cost functions.
Spatial Analysis of the Contribution of Parking Service Facilities to Traffic Crashes along Limited-access Roadways
Authors: Alkhatni Fathi , Ishak Siti Zaharah , Hashim Wardati Binti , Borhan Muhamad Nazri , Zahran Elsaid Mamdouh Mahmoud
Published: January 2023

Background and Objective:

Parking service facilities (PSFs) are integral components of road networks and are typically designated to offer road users, stakeholders, and external entities various services and opportunities. However, the current literature manifests contradictions among studies regarding the contribution of PSFs to crashes in the mainline traffic stream. This study aims to assess the contribution of PSFs to traffic crashes on limited-access expressways using hotspot analysis of traffic crashes in GIS.

Methods:

Planar Getis-Ord Gi* and network KDE were used to detect crash hotspots along a study road based on five criteria: crash frequency of all vehicle types, frequency of all vehicles involved in crashes, frequency of heavy vehicles involved in crashes, injury severity index and iRAP star rating.

Results:

The study identified and ranked the safety hazard of PSFs along the study roadviathe interference and risk level of crash hotspots with influential segments of PSFs. Getis-Ord Gi* analysis showed that almost 65% of PSFs along the study road were potentially high-risk facilities, with their influential segments interfering with crash hotspots based on the five hotspot analysis criteria. On the other hand, network KDE identified that almost 100% of PSFs along the study road were potentially high-risk facilities of either serious, significant or moderate risk levels based on the same hotspot analysis criteria.

Conclusion:

The two spatial analyses indicated that crashes in proximity to PSFs may increase when the number of lanes of their influential road segments increases and traffic flow is interrupted by other road facilities. They also indicated that crash frequency and severity increase in the proximity to PSFs with high speed and high traffic volume. Furthermore, the two analyses indicated that heavy vehicle crashes are more likely to increase in proximity to PSFs in rural areas.
Design and Analysis of a Radiation Resistant 12T SRAM Cell for Aerospace
Applications
Authors: Bikki Pavankumar , Bharathi M.L.V.V. , Jyothi K. Madhavi
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

Advanced low-power designs have been scaled down to the device parameters
that increase single-event multi-node upset in memory elements. This degradation of the stability
of the memory elements in aerospace applications is due to the high radiation environment and
rapid temperature changes.

Method:

Hence, this paper presents a comprehensive treatment model for hardened storage elements
with a soft error resulting in multi-node upset. A novel 12T SRAM memory cell configuration has
been proposed, analysed, and simulated using Cadence Virtuoso gpdk 45 nm CMOS technology.

Result:

The proposed design counteracts the positive feedback induced due to the charged ion
strike, as in past technical literature. The radiation environment has been realized with double exponential
current sources, and temperature analysis has been carried out under parametric analysis.

Conclusion:

The novel 12T achieves good stability and remains resilient to bit-flip due to ion
strikes for a wider range of voltage when the temperature varies from -50oC to 200oC. Moreover, the
proposed structure features a lower susceptibility to single event upset, less write and read time, and
reduced area compared to the reported RSP 14T.
Purchase decisions for standard needs at Puri Taman Sukawati company
Authors: Ghannesvara Anak Agung Gde Garga , Rahanatha Gede Bayu
Published: January 2023

This study aims to find out and analyze the effect of Customer solutions, Customer cost and Convenience on the psychological consumers of Toko Puri Taman Sukawati, and to find out and analyze the psychological influence of consumers on the purchasing decisions of consumers of Toko Sukawati Park Castle. The population used is customers who have purchased Puritaman basic necessities products domiciled in Sukawati district, the number of which cannot be mentioned or calculated with certainty (infinite). The sampling technique used in this study is purposive sampling technique. The number of sample members or sample size (sample size) set in this study was 95 respondents. Data collection was carried out using questionnaire tools. The analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis.
Using Location Intelligence to Evaluate the COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign in the United States: Spatiotemporal Big Data Analysis
Authors: Li Qingfeng , Peng James Cheng , Mohan Diwakar , Lake Brennan , Euler Alex Ruiz , Weir Brian , Kan Lena , Yang Cui , Labrique Alain
Published: January 2023

Background

Highly effective COVID-19 vaccines are available and free of charge in the United States. With adequate coverage, their use may help return life back to normal and reduce COVID-19–related hospitalization and death. Many barriers to widespread inoculation have prevented herd immunity, including vaccine hesitancy, lack of vaccine knowledge, and misinformation. The Ad Council and COVID Collaborative have been conducting one of the largest nationwide targeted campaigns (“It’s Up to You”) to communicate vaccine information and encourage timely vaccination across the United States. More than 300 major brands, digital and print media companies, and community-based organizations support the campaigns to reach distinct audiences.

Objective

The goal of this study was to use aggregated mobility data to assess the effectiveness of the campaign on COVID-19 vaccine uptake.

Methods

Campaign exposure data were collected from the Cuebiq advertising impact measurement platform consisting of about 17 million opted-in and deidentified mobile devices across the country. A Bayesian spatiotemporal hierarchical model was developed to assess campaign effectiveness through estimating the association between county-level campaign exposure and vaccination rates reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. To minimize potential bias in exposure to the campaign, the model included several control variables (eg, age, race or ethnicity, income, and political affiliation). We also incorporated conditional autoregressive residual models to account for apparent spatiotemporal autocorrelation.

Results

The data set covers a panel of 3104 counties from 48 states and the District of Columbia during a period of 22 weeks (March 29 to August 29, 2021). Officially launched in February 2021, the campaign reached about 3% of the anonymous devices on the Cuebiq platform by the end of March, which was the start of the study period. That exposure rate gradually declined to slightly above 1% in August 2021, effectively ending the study period. Results from the Bayesian hierarchical model indicate a statistically significant positive association between campaign exposure and vaccine uptake at the county level. A campaign that reaches everyone would boost the vaccination rate by 2.2% (95% uncertainty interval: 2.0%-2.4%) on a weekly basis, compared to the baseline case of no campaign.

Conclusions

The “It’s Up to You” campaign is effective in promoting COVID-19 vaccine uptake, suggesting that a nationwide targeted mass media campaign with multisectoral collaborations could be an impactful health communication strategy to improve progress against this and future pandemics. Methodologically, the results also show that location intelligence and mobile phone–based monitoring platforms can be effective in measuring impact of large-scale digital campaigns in near real time.
Time Spent on Instagram and Body Image, Self-esteem, and Physical Comparison Among Young Adults in Spain: Observational Study
Authors: Alfonso-Fuertes Isabel , Alvarez-Mon Miguel Angel , Sanchez del Hoyo Rafael , Ortega Miguel A , Alvarez-Mon Melchor , Molina-Ruiz Rosa M
Published: January 2023

Background

Instagram is a social media platform based on photos and videos that encourages interaction and comparison between users. Its growing popularity, especially among young people, has generated interest in the impact its use can have on users´ mental health, specifically on their self-esteem and degree of satisfaction with their own body image.

Objective

We aimed to analyze the relationships between the use of Instagram, both the hours of daily use and the type of content viewed, and self-esteem, tendency to make physical comparisons, and satisfaction with body image.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 585 participants aged between 18 years and 40 years. Individuals who were interested in participating but had a personal history of eating disorders or had previously been diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder were excluded. The assessment tools consisted of (1) a questionnaire that collected sociodemographic data and Instagram use variables and was created by the research team specifically for this study; (2) the self-esteem scale by Rosenberg; (3) Physical Appearance Comparison Scale-Revised (PACS-R); and (4) Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ). The recruitment and evaluation processes were carried out in January 2021.

Results

Of the participants, 234 (234/585, 40%) used Instagram less than 1 hour a day, 303 (303/585, 51.8%) used Instagram between 1 hour and 3 hours a day, and 48 participants (48/585, 8.2%) used it more than 3 hours per day. We found statistically significant differences (P<.05) between the 3 groups in the scores obtained on the self-esteem test by Rosenberg, PACS-R, and BSQ. Participants who spent more time on Instagram had higher levels of body dissatisfaction, greater comparisons of physical appearance, and lower self-esteem. Moreover, we analyzed the relationship between the score obtained on the different scales and the types of content viewed, with no differences between those who mainly viewed professional content and those who primarily consumed fashion and beauty or sport and nutrition content.

Conclusions

The results of this study indicate that the use of Instagram is associated with poorer body image satisfaction and self-esteem, mediated by the tendency to compare physical appearance in relation to the daily duration of Instagram use.
Internet-Based Inquiries From Users With the Intention to Overdose With Over-the-Counter Drugs: Qualitative Analysis of Yahoo! Chiebukuro (Preprint)
Authors: Kariya Azusa , Okada Hiroshi , Suzuki Shota , Dote Satoshi , Nishikawa Yoshitaka , Araki Kazuo , Takahashi Yoshimitsu , Nakayama Takeo
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

Public concern with regard to over-the-counter (OTC) drug abuse is growing rapidly across countries. OTC drug abuse has serious effects on the mind and body, such as poisoning symptoms, and often requires specialized treatments. In contrast, there is concern about people who potentially abuse OTC drugs whose symptoms are not serious enough to consult medical institutions or drug addiction rehabilitation centers yet are at high risk of becoming drug dependent in the future.

OBJECTIVE

Consumer-generated media (CGM), which allows users to disseminate information, is being used by people who abuse (and those who are trying to abuse) OTC drugs to obtain information about OTC drug abuse. This study aims to analyze the content of CGM to explore the questions of people who potentially abuse OTC drugs.

METHODS

The subject of this research was Yahoo! Chiebukuro, the largest question and answer website in Japan. A search was performed using the names of drugs commonly used in OTC drug abuse and the keywords overdose and OD, and the number of questions posted on the content of OTC drug abuse was counted. Furthermore, a thematic analysis was conducted by extracting text data on the most abused antitussive and expectorant drug, BRON.

RESULTS

The number of questions about the content of overdose medications containing the keyword BRON has increased sharply as compared with other product names. Furthermore, 467 items of question data that met the eligibility criteria were obtained from 528 items of text data on BRON; 26 codes, 6 categories, and 3 themes were generated from the 578 questions contained in these items. Questions were asked about the effects they would gain from abusing OTC drugs and the information they needed to obtain the effects they sought, as well as about the effects of abuse on their bodies. Moreover, there were questions on how to stop abusing and what is needed when seeking help from a health care provider if they become dependent. It has become clear that people who abuse OTC drugs have difficulty in consulting face-to-face with others, and CGM is used as a means to obtain the necessary information anonymously.

CONCLUSIONS

On CGM, people who abused or tried to abuse OTC drugs were asking questions about their abuse expectations and anxieties. In addition, when they became dependent, they sought advice to quit their abuse. CGM was used to exchange information about OTC drug abuse, and many questions on anxieties and hesitations were posted. This study suggests that it is necessary to produce and disseminate information on OTC drug abuse, considering the situation of those who abuse or are willing to abuse OTC drugs. Support from pharmacies and drugstores would also be essential to reduce opportunities for OTC drug abuse.

CLINICALTRIAL
Data quality evaluation in a fragmented health information system: a case study in two health regions in Gabon (Preprint)
Authors: KOUMAMBA Aimé Patrice , Ngoungou Edgard Brice , Diallo Gayo
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

Every organization, especially healthcare-related ones, must have access to high-quality data. In reality, quality data enables any healthcare system to adhere to and analyze its specified objectives in order to meet the needs of its users. Therefore, it is essential that the processes used to generate these data are well-structured and effective. In so many sub-Saharan African nations, the data management processes are limited, resulting in a quality issue in the collected data in the healthcare sector (such as the low levels of completeness, low levels of accuracy, and low levels of responsiveness). This is becoming increasingly common, and it undermines the accuracy of the intervention decisions made by the management of any healthcare system.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the performance of Gabon's health information system, we conducted a study of the procedures used to collect high-quality data.

METHODS

This qualitative study followed a five-step methodology (identification of indicators in the data collection process, specification of data allowing the calculation of indicators, design of the data collection questionnaire, collection of data and health information system performance evaluation). We have opted to rely on the qualities (criteria) of three factors that contribute to data quality (data recording and storage, verification of data accuracy and data processing and analysis).

RESULTS

58% of the structures do not appear to satisfy all the criteria that encourage the capture and storage of data, 53% do not appear to meet all the criteria that promote the verification of the data's accuracy, and 56% do not appear to meet all the criteria that promote good data processing and analysis.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite the fact that the characteristics employed to evaluate the quality of the data in our study are not exhaustive, they have the advantage of characterizing the performance level of the healthcare information system in Gabon.
We notice from this study that Gabon's healthcare information system has constraints that prevent it from producing trustworthy data to support strategic decisions, and the results of this study may serve as a basis for considering the enhancement of the current health information system.