bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El Cristo Roto: The Inverse Mutuality of the Presence of Christ in the Eucharist and in the Poor and Afflicted
Authors: Shea Henry
Published: February 2025

Catholic Christian faith affirms that Christ is present both in the Eucharist and in the poor and afflicted. Yet theological reflection on the relation between these modes of presence remains considerably less developed than their prominence in the lived practice of the faithful would suggest. On an epistemic level, the same eyes of faith and love that recognize Christ in the Eucharist perceive Christ in the poor and afflicted, and vice versa. But this reciprocity issues in different, even contrary responses. Whereas the first mode of presence mediates the riches of participating in divine life and calls for worship and celebration, the second exhibits a privation that calls perceivers to unbind and repair the plight that provoked its appearance. As mutually entwined, both modes work in tandem to induce the church from inverse directions toward the just peace and reconciled love of the whole Christ.
Christ and Creation in the Synoptic Gospels
Authors: Barton Stephen C.
Published: February 2025

Observing that most scholarly attention to the theme of Christ and creation has taken place in Pauline and Johannine studies, this essay addresses a relatively neglected factor in Synoptic studies. On the assumption that, scripturally speaking, ‘creation’ is a relational category in terms of which time, space, persons, and values are interpreted in relation to God in God’s sovereignty, the essay draws attention to the multiple ways creation, interpreted christologically and eschatologically, shapes the Evangelists’ portraits of Jesus both literarily and theologically. The main conclusion is that creation, including stories of the beginnings of the world and of the people of Israel, offers the Evangelists significant ways to speak about the meaning of history and human existence as given by God in the life, death, resurrection, and ascension of God’s Son. This revelation is understood as ultimate victory in the battle against the forces of chaos and death and as the inauguration of a redeemed sociality.
How Does Sleep Deprivation Functionally Impact the Challenging Behavior of People With Intellectual Disabilities? A Systematic Review
Authors: Kennedy Craig H.
Published: February 2025

Sleep deprivation is a common health condition among people with intellectual disabilities. Studies have linked sleep problems with challenging behaviors. However, it is unclear if there is a consistent effect on challenging behavior and what reinforcement mechanism(s) might be involved. A systematic review of PsychINFO, PubMed, and Scopus identified seven studies meeting the inclusion criteria that had been published over the past 50 years. Data were extracted regarding participant characteristics, specific aim, sleep deprivation, functional behavioral assessments, results, and key findings. Studies consistently reported increased rates of challenging behavior following bouts of sleep deprivation. Five of the seven studies demonstrated negative reinforcement as the mechanism associated with increased challenging behavior. Results were unclear or lacking for other reinforcer mechanisms. Current evidence shows that sleep deprivation can increase negatively reinforced challenging behavior, but automatic and positive reinforcement mechanisms may be unaffected. Theoretical and practice implications are discussed.
Mission INSPIRE: A Virtual STEM Event for Students Aged 11–16 Years Who Read Braille
Authors: Rosenblum L. Penny , Herzberg Tina S. , Larkin Sara K. , Osterhaus Susan A. , Wild Tiffany
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Individuals with visual impairments are underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields, perhaps in part because they sometimes do not have the same opportunities for hands-on learning as sighted peers. Methods: Twelve braille readers aged 11–16 years participated in a synchronous online hands-on inquiry-based science activity. During two group meetings, they received instruction as they examined a 3D rocket model and tactile graphics and then assembled a small rocket with provided materials. Students were then directed to independently build a second rocket, conduct experiments, and present their data to two judges. Judges used a seven-category scoring rubric to score each presentation. The students completed a follow-up survey in which they rated items on a Likert scale. Results: The students varied in their science content knowledge, use of braille, and amount of detail provided during their presentations. Judges could assign up to 70 points to participants on the scoring rubric. Scores were wide ranging, from 14 to 68. In the follow-up survey, students were overwhelmingly positive in their ratings of the activities. In response to an open-ended question, many students stated that launching their rockets was their favorite part of the experience. Discussion: Students with visual impairments need opportunities to build their STEM and scientific inquiry skills and to interact and learn informally with their peers. The hands-on inquiry-based experience described in this article provided such an opportunity for 12 students. Implications for Practitioners: Students with visual impairments should be encouraged to take part in inquiry-based learning experiences. Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics educators should become familiar with accommodations that students with visual impairments may use and the importance of providing hands-on learning activities to prepare students to fully understand STEM content.
The liability of refugeeness: Leveraging multiple identities to enact power in a context of displacement
Authors: Chitac Iuliana , Michielsens Elisabeth , Radu-Lefebvre Miruna
Published: February 2025

This article leverages the Jo Rowlands’ typology of power and Crenshaw’s intersectionality to engage in interpretative phenomenological analysis of Ukrainian women refugee entrepreneurs. In this study, we ask: ‘How do Ukrainian women refugee entrepreneurs experience their identities as mothers, refugees, Ukrainians, and entrepreneurs in a context of displacement in the UK and Romania?’ Drawing on interviews and field notes, we expose the lived experiences of 13 women refugee entrepreneurs and reveal how they navigate their intersectional identities by enacting their agency through different forms of power. In doing so, our study aligns with this Special Issue call for understanding ‘everyday refugee entrepreneurship’ in under-researched constraint contexts thus, contributing to refugee entrepreneurship research and policy.
A trauma-informed approach: Temporal reorientation, identity reconstruction and preventing retraumatisation in refugee entrepreneurship support
Authors: Nafari Javid , Ruebottom Trish
Published: February 2025

Entrepreneurship support services for refugees provide a wide range of services to support venture creation and build resilience. However, mental health supports to address issues of trauma are often not included in these programmes. This is problematic as trauma experienced by refugees can negatively influence elements of entrepreneurship critical for success and the entrepreneurial journey carries a risk of retraumatisation. We propose a framework for a trauma-informed approach to refugee entrepreneurship support that integrates insights from the literature on trauma-informed care. The framework emphasises three key components: temporal reorientation, identity reconstruction and preventing retraumatisation. Temporal reorientation helps refugees reconnect with the present and envision a positive future using tools like mindfulness and bridging practices. Identity reconstruction focuses on developing a cohesive entrepreneurial identity, enabling refugees to rebuild their sense of self through narrative identity work and cultivating a collective entrepreneurial identity within their communities. Preventing retraumatisation involves creating safe, culturally sensitive environments that foster trust while empowering refugees through holistic, peer-supported interventions. This framework offers a novel approach to addressing the unique challenges refugee entrepreneurs face, integrating mental health considerations into entrepreneurship support and paving the way for future research focused on trauma’s impact within entrepreneurship.
Physical characterization of PEGylated exosome constructs: Size, charge, and morphology changes in non-specific alkylating N-terminal reactions
Authors: Martínez-Santillán Andrés , González-Valdez José
Published: February 2025

Small extracellular vesicles, commonly referred to as exosomes, withhold a promising future in the pharmaceutical industry as carriers for targeted drug delivery due to their high specificity and bioavailability when compared to synthetic-based vectors. They, however, present some limitations for systematic administration because of natural organism defenses and their high-water solubility, ultimately making it difficult for them to reach the intended target. To improve the delivery capacity of these nanoparticles, the possibility for the construction of PEGylated versions was explored in this work. This process was performed, analyzed, and characterized using N-terminal specific PEGylation reactions targeted to the protein contents in the exosomal membrane. For this, two different mono-methoxy polyethylene glycols (mPEG) of 5 and 20 kDa were reacted with exosomes under alkylating conditions. The resulting 5k and 20k PEGylated exosome constructs were characterized and compared with unmodified exosomes, using size, morphology, and zeta potential as comparison parameters. Results after analysis showed an absorbance reduction of approximately 65% and 34% (for the 5 and 20 kDa conjugates respectively), a reduction of 10 to 20% in peak resolution, particle size increase corresponding to the polymer sizes used, and a slight reduction in electric distribution of about 2 to 3 mV less than the unmodified vesicles. The data obtained may provide insights for the optimization of exosome PEGylation strategies for therapeutic use.
Results of an Organization-wide Physical Activity Promotion Intervention Within a Very Large Academic Health Care System
Authors: Heffron Sean P. , O’Neill Krista , Zhong Judy , Xia Yuhe , McCarthy Margaret
Published: February 2025

Although healthcare workers may be aware of the risks of physical inactivity, their levels of physical activity (PA) are similar to those of all US adults, with less than half engaging in sufficient PA. The purpose of this health promotion was to encourage daily PA among employees in a large academic healthcare system. We also tested whether individualized progress updates further influenced PA. This 10-week program was available to all employees of NYU Langone Health. Employees could sync their phone or accelerometer via app or web browser to count.it – the vendor chosen to monitor and manage step counts. Participants were asked to voluntarily provide basic information (age, sex, job role, work location) and complete the Physical Activity Vital Sign (minutes/week and intensity of PA) at enrollment and 10 weeks. For 10 weeks, participants were sent a message through their employee ‘MyChart’ portal with a link to information on the benefits of PA, and a reminder of that week’s step-count challenge. Those meeting criteria for weekly challenges were included in gift card raffles. Participants were randomized 1:1 to receive the standard message ± additional emails detailing their progress. 3528 employees registered to participate (8% of all employees) although active users diminished over time (1225 at week 10). Average daily steps remained stable throughout (7319 + 4540 in week 1, 7229 + 5010 in week 10). Although there was no difference in any individual week, receipt of personalized feedback was associated with significantly higher average step counts throughout the 10-wk intervention as a whole ( P = 0.01). Age and an urban work location were positively associated with steps, while female sex and a clerical job role were negatively associated with steps counts (all P < 0.005). Our findings provide important insight for workplace interventions to promote PA. They further suggest specific groups that may benefit from targeted efforts.
Clinical decision system for chronic kidney disease staging using machine learning
Authors: Chandralekha E. , Saravanan T. R. , Vijayaraj N.
Published: February 2025

Background

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a prevalent health condition that requires personalized treatment planning at each of its five stages. Machine Learning (ML) and Generative AI have shown promise in predicting CKD progression based on patient data. However, existing prediction models have limitations on generalizability, interpretability, and resource requirements.

Objective

This study aims to develop a clinical support system using ML models to classify CKD stages accurately. The research focuses on feature selection strategies and model performance evaluation to enhance prediction accuracy and guide personalized treatment planning for CKD patients.

Methods

The study utilizes ML algorithms, including Gradient Boosting, XGBoost, CatBoost, and GAN AML, to categorize CKD stages. Various feature selection techniques such as Recursive Feature Elimination, chi-square test, and SHAP are employed to identify relevant features for improved prediction accuracy. The models are evaluated based on precision, recall, F1-score, accuracy, and AUC-ROC metrics.

Conclusions

The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of CatBoost and GAN AML in accurately classifying CKD stages, highlighting the importance of expert knowledge in selecting feature selection strategies to enhance ML model performance. Future research directions include validating diverse datasets, integrating with clinical practice, and improving interpretability and explainability in CKD prediction models.
Relationship of influenza virus to inflammatory factors and immune function in elderly patients with COPD: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Chen Yanrong , Shi Yun , Dou Liyang , Liu Yan , Zhang Jing
Published: February 2025

Objective

The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the relevance of influenza A virus (IAV) in acutely exacerbating airway inflammatory response and disrupting immune function in elderly COPD patients.

Methods

The group conducted a pre-test: using multiplex combined real-time PCR detection kits Multiple real⁃time PCR was used to detect twenty-four pathogens, 385 patients clinically diagnosed with COPD were tested for viral nucleic acid in throat swabs. At the same time, peripheral blood leukapheresis was collected from both groups of patients, and their IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels were detected, along with the levels of T-cell differentiation markers CD4 and CD8, to assess the influence of influenza virus on the immune function of elderly COPD patients and its relevance to the acute exacerbation of airway inflammatory response in elderly COPD patients.

Results

Results showed that the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β and TNF-α was significantly higher in the viral group compared with the non-infected group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The levels of T cell differentiation type markers CD4 and CD8 were significantly lower in the infected group compared with the uninfected group.

Conclusion

Influenza virus further exacerbated airway inflammatory response and decreased the immune function of T cells by activating intrinsic immune molecules such as IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β and TNF-α.
Do Magnitude Knowledge Gains Mediate the Outcomes of a Kindergarten Mathematics Intervention?
Authors: Lesner Taylor , Sutherland Marah , Cook Madison , Wilke Emily , Smolkowski Keith , Clarke Ben
Published: February 2025

Understanding numerical magnitude is critical to the development of mathematics proficiency. Math interventions targeting magnitude knowledge have been shown to improve outcomes for students with math learning difficulties across grade levels. However, while recent studies have found that growth in magnitude knowledge mediates fractions intervention outcomes, similar analyses have not been conducted in the context of early numeracy interventions. This secondary analysis examined whether, and to what degree, gains in magnitude understanding explained overall intervention gains for kindergarten students ( N = 1,251) receiving a validated Tier 2 early math intervention, ROOTS. Results of an indirect-effects mediation analysis were consistent with a partial mediation effect across proximal and distal measures of mathematics proficiency. Findings add to a growing literature base highlighting the importance of magnitude understanding to overall mathematics proficiency in the early grades, and indicate that whole number magnitude understanding may be an “active ingredient” driving early mathematics intervention outcomes.
Study on the evolving law of meshing performance of a novel self-evolution hourglass worm drive
Authors: Li Zhongtao , Chen Yonghong , Luo Wenjun , Chen Bingkui
Published: February 2025

Under the extreme service requirements, a novel self-evolution hourglass worm drive has been proposed, and this transmission form has both precision and heavy-load characteristics. In this paper, to fully grasp the transmission characteristics, the evolving law of macro and micro meshing performances is studied. The mathematical model in the initial state is converted, and the medium gear tooth surface in a modified involute gear is obtained. Considering the tooth profile change in the whole life cycle, the control model of the tooth thickness is established, and the boundary of backlash-adjustable is determined. The mathematical model of the meshing performance under the initial state is established, and the influence of six design parameters on the meshing performance is analyzed. The evolving process of the tooth surface is investigated, and the evolving law of the meshing performance is mastered. The results of the analysis indicate that during the evolving process, the contact area in the direction of tooth depth increases in a deceleration trend, the transmission pair has good contact strength in the whole life cycle, and the lubrication performance at the engaging-in end and engaging-out end are different.
« Certains de nos désirs ont construit cette ville » : Google Earth et glocalisation dans GeoGuessr, Darrieussecq et Houellebecq
Authors: Marcus Gustaf
Published: February 2025

This article discusses literary texts and other cultural practices that resemble, refer to, or make use of material from Google Earth. The aim is to elucidate experiences of glocalization (globalization and localization), an emerging form of spatiality that is related to the interactive ‘Web 2.0.’ The initial analysis of the browser game GeoGuessr and the interactive music video ‘The Wilderness Downtown’ explores this spatiality from two opposing starting points: while the game fosters a sense of place within locales that are essentially unknown to the player, the music video integrates images from places that are related to the viewer's personal memories into an otherwise impersonal work of art. This glocalized experience of place, which is both eroded by global systems of communication and recreated within these systems, is then traced in Marie Darrieussecq's novel La mer à l’envers and in several works, including novels, poems, and photographs, by Michel Houellebecq.
Charcoal source area in a landscape dominated by human fire use: Conecuh National Forest, Alabama, USA
Authors: Vachula Richard S , Waters Matthew N
Published: February 2025

Sedimentary charcoal is the most ubiquitous paleofire proxy, yet uncertainties remain in our ability to interpret it. Particularly, charcoal source area and the distinguishability of charcoal signals from human-caused versus wildfire remain persistent areas of ongoing research. This paper focuses on sedimentary charcoal data from Ditch Pond, a small lake located in the Conecuh National Forest (NF) of southern Alabama, USA, where prescribed fire (Rx-fire) dominates the landscape. We compare charcoal accumulation rate data from Ditch Pond with historical fire data to determine the charcoal source area of Ditch Pond and its human-dominated fire activity. We find that the relevant charcoal source area of Ditch Pond is ~40 km, a magnitude consistent with previous source area estimates in wildfire-dominated landscapes. This finding suggests that human-caused and natural fire are spatially indistinguishable in paleofire records. However, our results conform with the common interpretation that although human impacts on fire may be detected locally (i.e. via comparison with other proxies like fecal sterols, archeological data, or pollen), they are unlikely to be distinguishable on broader spatial scales from climate-driven wildfire. Therefore, our results support using multi-proxy, spatial, or modeling approaches (e.g. to simulate the spatial self-similarity of wildfire) as comparative means of identifying human components of charcoal records. Last, our results are at odds with the traditional conceptualizations of primarily localized charcoal source areas.
Systemic lupus erythematosus with hypothermia and Wallenberg’s syndrome as signs of brainstem encephalitis: A grand rounds case
Authors: Shiratani Reo , Shibahara Takayuki , Shiba Mikio , Murao Haruka , Park Jeong Hoon , Tada Tomomi , Ishikawa Nachi , Fujimoto Jun , Jinno Junki , Tatsumi Makoto , Yamada Tomoki , Higuchi Yoshiharu , Higa Shinji
Published: February 2025

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that causes inflammation and organ damage. However, brain-stem encephalitis is rare in patients with SLE. We report a rare case of a patient with incipient SLE who simultaneously presented with brainstem encephalitis and cardiomyopathy. An 18-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with fever, polyarthralgia, and malar rash. Laboratory tests revealed leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, proteinuria, an elevated anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibody titer, and hypocomplementemia. She was diagnosed with SLE and treated with an intermediate dose of prednisolone. Her fever disappeared 2 days later, but high-grade fever reappeared, and a high dose of prednisolone was administered from the eighth day of hospitalization. On the tenth day of hospitalization, she developed a headache, hypothermia, dysphagia, respiratory failure, and myocarditis. Brain magnetic resonance imaging indicated brainstem encephalitis. Under ventilator management, the patient received intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy, cyclophosphamide, and plasma exchange. Her general condition improved, however, dysphagia and hoarseness persisted, and Wallenberg’s syndrome was diagnosed. Our findings suggest that patients with SLE can present with Wallenberg’s syndrome as a sign of brainstem encephalitis and that early aggressive immunotherapy can be effective in patients with brainstem encephalitis and cardiomyopathy associated with SLE.
Management of Lumbar Canal Stenosis (Katigraha) with Ayurvedic Modalities: A Case Report
Authors: Gamne Reeya , Wajpeyi Sadhana Misar , Mandal Sonia , Rai Mayank
Published: February 2025

Background: Lumbar canal stenosis (LCS) is a degenerative spinal condition causing narrowing of the spinal canal, leading to nerve compression. Symptoms include pain, stiffness, tingling, numbness, and difficulty walking, which worsen with standing and improvement with sitting. Conventional treatments offer symptomatic relief, while surgery carries risks and a high recurrence rate. Ayurveda provides a holistic, non-surgical approach through Shodhana (purification) and Shamana Chikitsa (palliative care). Purpose: This study evaluates the effectiveness of Ayurvedic therapies, including Panchakarma and oral medications, in managing lumbar canal stenosis. Methods: A 68-year-old male presented with lower back pain radiating to both legs, tingling, numbness, and difficulty walking for nine months following a road traffic accident. He underwent an 8-day Panchakarma therapy, including Sarvanga Snehana and Swedana, Kati Basti, and Yoga Basti, which included Matra Basti and Niruha Basti along with oral medications. Results: After 8 days treatment, the patient experienced significant symptom relief, improved mobility, and enhanced ability to perform daily activities independently. Conclusion: This case highlights the effectiveness of Ayurvedic therapies in managing LCS, suggesting Panchakarma and oral medications as a viable non-surgical alternative. Further research on larger populations is needed to validate these findings.
Parents’ reports of colombian children’s neurobehavioral symptoms before, during, and after COVID-19 infection
Authors: Arango-Lasprilla Sofia Catalina , Albaladejo-Blázquez Natalia , Watson Jack D , Moreno Oswaldo , Perrin Paul B , Ferrer-Cascales Rosario , Arango-Lasprilla Juan Carlos
Published: February 2025

Background

COVID-19 disproportionately affected individuals from marginalized and underserved communities, and little research has investigated how COVID-19 might have impacted neurobehavioral symptoms in children from Latin America. What little research suggests that COVID-19 had a negative effect on neurobehavioral symptoms and that this effect was worse for individuals who were younger, had lower education, or other chronic conditions.

Main Objective

The purpose of the current study was to examine the change (before, during, and after) in neurobehavioral symptoms for a sample of Colombian children who tested positive for COVID-19 and to identify key predictors of post-COVID neurobehavioral impairments.

Methods

The Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory was administered to caregivers (92.90% female) of 85 children (51.80% female) by researchers in Colombia. Data was collected after the child had recovered from COVID-19 with retrospective questions about the child's function before and during COVID-19, as well as at the time of data collection.

Results

At the domain level, caregivers reported large increases in children's somatic symptoms, a medium increase in affective symptoms, and a small increase in cognitive symptoms before vs. during COVID-19. Caregivers also noted a large increase in children's somatic symptoms, a medium increase in affective symptoms, and a small increase in cognitive symptoms before vs after COVID-19. The somatic symptom domain was the only category to see an improvement following infection (during vs after). Three separate linear regressions indicated that greater COVID-19 severity during the infection significantly predicted greater current (after COVID-19) somatic symptom severity, and the presence of a pre-existing respiratory disease significantly predicted greater current cognitive and affective symptom severity.

Conclusion

This study highlights the importance of evaluating and treating neurobehavioral symptoms post-COVID-19 among children in Colombia and identifies this need in an underserved and under-researched population. Future research may examine whether early intervention and rehabilitation strategies help improve post-COVID-19 neurobehavioral symptoms for this group.
Cutting the Climate Agenda: The Effect of Sinclair Broadcasting on Public Awareness of Climate Change
Authors: Pierce Haley
Published: February 2025

Research has begun to explore the effects of Sinclair ownership on news content and on public opinion. However, research has not yet linked changes in news content to changes in public opinion. Using computational textual analysis, this study finds that once a station is purchased by Sinclair, its volume of climate change reporting drops; the remaining climate change reporting de-emphasizes climate science, and the public becomes less aware climate change is happening.
“There’s Gotta’ be a Better way … There was Nothing Empowering About any of it”: Survivors’ and Stakeholders’ Narratives on the Barriers and Facilitators of Getting a Sexual Assault Kit
Authors: Lovell Rachel E. , Sabo Danielle N. , McGuire Margaret J.
Published: February 2025

We examine the experiences of survivors immediately after a sexual assault and the barriers and facilitators to care—when survivors face numerous urgent decisions including possible help-seeking and sexual assault kit collection. We find their choices are often based on incomplete knowledge about the medical process and influenced by misleading media tropes of postassault experiences. Survivors must navigate complex decision-making while coping with trauma, constantly evaluating if each step is “worth it.” Interviews with key stakeholders substantiated these barriers and underscored issues related to their own role in this process. Implications and recommendations for formal social support systems are discussed.
The conclusion that metamaterials could have negative mass is a consequence of improper constitutive characterization
Authors: Cichra David , Průša Vit , Rajagopal Kumbakonam R , Rodriguez Casey , Vejvoda Martin
Published: February 2025

The concept of ‘effective mass’ is frequently used for the simplification of complex lumped parameter systems (discrete dynamical systems) as well as materials that have complicated microstructural features. From the perspective of wave propagation, it is claimed that for some bodies described as metamaterials, the corresponding ‘effective mass’ can be frequency dependent, negative or it may not even be a scalar quantity. The procedure has even led some authors to suggest that Newton’s second law needs to be modified within the context of classical continuum mechanics. Such absurd physical conclusions are a consequence of appealing to the notion of ‘effective mass’ with a preconception for the constitutive structure of the metamaterial and using a correct mathematical procedure. We show that such unreasonable physical conclusions would not arise if we were to use the appropriate ‘effective constitutive relation’ for the metamaterial, rather than use the concept of ‘effective mass’ with an incorrect predetermined constitutive relation.
Self-objectification and depressive symptoms among young Chinese women: The roles of appearance comparison on social networking sites and regulatory emotional self-efficacy
Authors: Lang Min , Guo Qinglong
Published: February 2025

The present study examined the relationship between self-objectification and depressive symptoms among young Chinese women ( N = 324), and investigated the roles of appearance comparison on social networking sites (SNS) and regulatory emotional self-efficacy in this relationship. The results showed that self-objectification was associated with depressive symptoms, and the relationship was mediated by appearance comparison on SNS. The study also found that regulatory emotional self-efficacy moderated the indirect relationship between self-objectification and depressive symptoms via appearance comparison on SNS. These findings suggest that regulatory emotional self-efficacy plays a buffering role between appearance comparison on SNS and depressive symptoms. Based on our results, interventions that address young Chinese women’ depressive symptoms could include reducing self-objectification, decreasing appearance comparison on SNS, and improving regulatory emotional self-efficacy. Our research provides new insights into the interactions between self-objectification and the risk to women’s mental health.
The marvellous bond: Animal glue and isinglass as vital waste in England, 1600–1800
Authors: Werrett Simon
Published: February 2025

In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, isinglass, made from fish swim bladders, and common glue, made by boiling the hides of cattle or other animals, were put to a great variety of uses, making glue a form of ‘vital waste’. This essay surveys the different forms and manufacturing processes of glue and glue's many uses in the arts, medicine, and the sciences. Focusing on the latter, I highlight the importance of glue for making natural knowledge, in the use of paper, bookbinding, collecting practices and instrument-making. Glue was also a subject of study, appearing in a growing number of artisanal and chemical accounts of glue-making. While the expanding use of, and knowledge about, glue made it ‘vital waste’, it equally made the vitality of glue – its roots in animal bodies – more invisible.
Seamless heat transfer analysis for part scale laser powder bed fusion by harnessing the computer-aided design model with an analytical thermal model
Authors: Barik B K , Zagade P , Gautham B P , De A
Published: February 2025

Part-scale laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) involves the deposition of several thousands of overlapping tracks and successive layers with diverse scanning strategies. Computer-based simulation of temperature field for part-scale LPBF is in ever demand but has remained a challenging task. A unique approach is presented here to harness a computer-aided design (CAD) model with a three-dimensional analytical heat transfer model for rapid seamless computation of the part-scale temperature field. The framework is tested to simulate temperature field for LPBF of Hastelloy X with diverse scanning strategies. The proposed approach provides a novel recourse to analyse part-scale LPBF directly from a CAD model thereby offering a substantive process design tool.
Having a heart-to-heart: Parents’ experiences preparing their child for a cardiac procedure
Authors: Hay Sage , O’Neill Jenny
Published: February 2025

Cardiac procedures can be overwhelming for children and parents, with a lack of literature surrounding how healthcare professionals can assist parents in preparing young children for such procedures. This exploratory descriptive qualitative study sought to understand experiences of parents preparing and supporting their child with congenital heart disease, for an upcoming cardiac procedure. Parents of children, aged between three and eight years old, who had undergone a cardiac procedure at a tertiary paediatric hospital in Australia were invited to participate in an interview. Seven parents were interviewed, with recordings transcribed and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Four major themes identified were (1) evolving information needs; (2) anticipating anxiety; (3) honesty when delivering information; and (4) equipping parents with resources. Findings from this study emphasised that support for children prior to cardiac procedures must include empowering parents, as they know their child best. A key component of procedural preparation is helping parents navigate how to translate procedural information into explanations which are relatable and appropriate for their child. The development of interactive, relatable resources would allow parents to continue their child’s preparation beyond the preadmission visit.
Generic visuals in the news as public images: Activating emotions, experiences and identities
Authors: Kennedy Helen , Aiello Giorgia , Annabell Taylor , Anderson C W
Published: February 2025

Generic visuals like stock photos and simple data visualizations circulate in the news with increasing frequency, and so do dominant narratives about them. Stock photos are clichéd and inauthentic, data visualizations represent facts, so the narratives go. Such narratives suggest that generic visuals have limited capacity to function as public images – that is, as visual media for social thought and civic spectatorship. Findings from our research contradict this. We found that while UK-based news audiences mobilized dominant narratives when talking about stock photos and simple data visualizations in general terms, this did not happen in specific engagements with particular generic visuals. In these cases, participants moved beyond dominant narratives, as generic visuals activated emotions, experiences and participants’ different identities. We argue that generic visuals in the news are resources with which people make sense of their everyday lives and that people’s everyday lives are resources with which they make sense of generic news visuals. As such, generic visuals do, in fact, function as public images, connecting and engaging audiences in public life and foregrounding the role of the personal in engagements with the social issues portrayed in the news.
Legislating and adjudicating the rights of LGBTQ youth in child welfare
Authors: Kant Jessica D , Bono Madeline H , Boskey Elizabeth R
Published: February 2025

Over the past 40 years, protections have been enacted in recognition of the unique struggles faced by LGBTQ youth in systems of child welfare, including adoption, foster care, probate and family court, and child protection. These protections have been enacted out of recognition that LGBTQ children are both highly vulnerable and disproportionately represented in these systems. This article examines the history, rhetoric and current landscape of conflicting efforts to both protect LGBTQ youth and erode such protections where they presently exist.

Findings

Presently, forces are attempting to roll back protections for LGBTQ youth in social services through the courts, as well as enact new avenues for discrimination as part of a political campaign broadly centered under the rhetoric of “parental rights.” In addition to legal battles, new legislation has been proposed which would prevent social workers, teachers, and other human service providers from taking LGBTQ identities into account when assessing a child’s best interest. While public debate has focused on these challenges with respect to schools, less attention has been paid to other domains such as foster care.

Applications

Social workers and other human service providers must respond to this challenge and preserve protections for vulnerable youth. A failure to institute and maintain policies which elevate youth self-determination represents a fundamental failure to protect youth. This must be resisted by individual social workers and our respective professional organizations.
Environmental art design integrating computing technology: From the perspective of social innovation and cultural sustainability
Authors: Zhang Chunling
Published: February 2025

This research aims to explore the integration of computing technology in environmental art design from the perspective of social innovation and cultural sustainability, addressing the issues of the separation of technology and art and the neglect of social innovation and cultural sustainability in traditional environmental art design. The main methods include digital processing of cultural elements, data integration and management, environmental perception and user feedback, and design experience optimization. The specific implementation steps are as the follows: firstly, cultural elements are digitized through 3D scanning technology and vectorization processing; then a database management system is used to integrate and store these digital elements; next, perception devices and random forest algorithms are used to collect user feedback and environmental data, and to dynamically adjust the design scheme; finally, the design experience is optimized through VR (virtual reality) and AR (augmented reality) technologies. The experimental results show that the digitalization effect highly preserves the details and characteristics of the original cultural elements, and the highest element digitalization similarity reaches 100%. This research explores integrating computing technology into environmental art design to address the separation of technology and art and the neglect of social innovation and cultural sustainability in traditional practices. Key methods include digital processing of cultural elements, data integration and management, environmental perception, user feedback, and design experience optimization.
Optimization and control of light and shadow effects in environmental art design based on particle swarm algorithm
Authors: Liu Zhao
Published: February 2025

Traditional methods for optimizing light and shadow effects in environmental art design struggle to meet the demands of complex and dynamic design environments, often facing issues such as high computational complexity, low efficiency, and limited optimization outcomes. To address these challenges, this study introduces an improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm for optimizing light and shadow effects. The key parameters—such as position, intensity, and angle—of the light source configuration are treated as particle state variables. By incorporating dynamic inertia weights and adaptive learning factors, the algorithm’s global search capability and local convergence performance are significantly enhanced. A comprehensive fitness function, which takes into account both the esthetic and functional aspects of light and shadow, is defined to guide the IPSO toward finding the optimal configuration. Through steps such as particle initialization, speed and position updates, and dynamic parameter adjustments, IPSO efficiently and rapidly optimizes light and shadow effects. Experimental results demonstrate that, after optimization, the light intensity of each source varies between 140 lux and 160 lux under different light source positions, improving light uniformity. Additionally, the smoothness of shadow transitions in the interior exhibition hall design is enhanced by 44.3%. This research marks a significant advancement in the accuracy and efficiency of light and shadow optimization in environmental art design, offering an effective solution for addressing the complexities of modern design challenges. The proposed approach not only improves design outcomes but also provides a more efficient methodology for handling intricate design scenarios, making it a valuable tool for practitioners in the field.
EMI-based damage evaluation of the recycled aggregate concrete under compressive loading
Authors: Dai Zexu , Hu Xiaobin , Li Ying
Published: February 2025

This study focuses on damage evaluation of the recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) subjected to compressive loading using the electromechanical impedance (EMI) method. To this end, five groups of RAC specimens were prepared with different replacement ratios of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) for compressive tests under both monotonic and cyclic loading, as well as the EMI tests adopting the embedded PZT smart aggregate (SA) transducer. The influences of RCA content and loading regime on damage process of the RAC were examined in detail based on the test results. In particular, the EMI analysis of SA transducer was theoretically carried out to further explore the general characteristics of admittance curves. Finally, two types of damage indicators were defined based on damage mechanics and the EMI method, respectively. By statistical analysis, correlations between damage indicators were analyzed for different loading regimes and RCA replacement ratios. The results show that damage progress of the RAC under different loading regimes and RCA replacement ratios is generally similar. Besides, correlation coefficient of the conductance curve exhibits the highest correlation with the mechanical damage indicator, making it satisfactory for assessing mechanical damage of the RAC under compressive loading.
Look inside the management of colonic diverticular rebleeding: a systematic review
Authors: Carabotti Marilia , Marasco Giovanni , Radaelli Franco , Barbara Giovanni , Cuomo Rosario , Annibale Bruno
Published: February 2025

Background:

Colonic diverticular bleeding is the most common cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in adults and carries a significant risk of recurrence. However, there are many uncertainties regarding the management of the prevention of diverticular rebleeding.

Objectives:

To review the current evidence on the potential role of lifestyle, pharmacological and endoscopic treatments and to discuss the unmet needs in the prevention of colonic diverticular rebleeding.

Design:

A systematic review.

Data sources and methods:

Based on the identified Patients-Interventions-Comparators-Outcomes questions, a detailed and comprehensive literature search was conducted, from inception to 12 January 2024, without language restriction, according to the modified Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses reporting guidelines.

Results:

We did not find any dietary or lifestyle interventions (fibre intake, smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, BMI) to prevent colonic diverticular rebleeding. We also did not find any interventional studies of specific pharmacological treatments (such as rifaximin, mesalazine or probiotics) to prevent diverticular rebleeding. Data comparing endoscopic and conservative approaches used during the index episode come from observational studies and show conflicting results. Finally, there is a paucity of data regarding the timing of resumption of antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy after an episode of colonic diverticular bleeding, and this remains to be determined.

Conclusion:

This review highlights the paucity of data on the possible role of lifestyle, pharmacological and endoscopic treatments in the prevention of colonic diverticular rebleeding and advocates future studies aimed at finding effective therapeutic strategies.
Sequential administration of efgartigimod shortened the course of Guillain–Barré syndrome: a case series
Authors: Chen Sihui , Ou Ruwei , Wei Qianqian , Zhao Bi , Chen Xueping
Published: February 2025

Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is a serious neurological condition with limited treatment options. A recent report demonstrated successful treatment with efgartigimod alone in two patients with GBS, although it did not significantly shorten the disease duration. This case series investigates the effects of sequential efgartigimod administration in patients with different GBS phenotypes and varying levels of disease severity. All three patients tested positive for immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against serum gangliosides. In Case 1, the patient was treated with 0.4 g/kg of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) for 5 days, showing minimal recovery. After receiving 3 weekly doses of efgartigimod (10 mg/kg), the patient achieved independent ambulation 19 days post-onset, with a reduction in serum ganglioside antibody titers and total IgG levels. Case 2 involved a middle-aged man with Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS)-GBS overlap, who experienced worsened autonomic dysfunction following IVIg treatment. After three doses of efgartigimod, the patient showed symptom improvement within 1 month, alongside a reduction in IgG antibody levels. In Case 3, a 27-year-old male with MFS-GBS overlap, initially unresponsive to IVIg, showed significant improvement in ophthalmoplegia following two doses of efgartigimod, with his serum ganglioside antibodies eventually becoming undetectable. Our findings suggest that sequential efgartigimod treatment may effectively reduce serum anti-ganglioside antibody titers and potentially shorten the disease course in severe GBS and MFS-GBS overlap syndrome. Additionally, it may offer clinical benefits for patients with GBS who have a poor or no response to IVIg, particularly in treating ophthalmoplegia.