bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Baleines et Route des Baleines : patrimonialisation et territoire dans le sud-ouest de l’océan Indien
Authors: Saisho Moeha , Sandron Frédéric
Published: September 2019

Résumé Si les processus de patrimonialisation des espèces animales ou des territoires commencent à être bien décrits à travers de nombreuses études, il est moins courant de s’intéresser à l’impact de la patrimonialisation d’une espèce sur celle du territoire qui l’abrite. Dans le cas du whale watching (observation des baleines), l’objet de cet article est justement de traiter cette question dans le sud-ouest de l’océan Indien à travers la présentation de trois expériences de mise en patrimoine de sites naturels fréquentés par les baleines. À travers une analyse bibliographique, des documents officiels institutionnels et une recherche originale menée à Madagascar, il est montré que la construction d’une identité patrimoniale autour de la création d’une « Route des Baleines » depuis 2013 dans le sud-ouest de l’océan Indien se heurte à la fois à une imprécision territoriale de cette appellation et à une non-congruence des logiques d’acteurs, à la fois pour des raisons territoriales et identitaires.
Décentralisation politique, patrimonialisation et arrangements locaux : quand les Jowro s’accrochent aux bourgoutières (Delta intérieur du Niger)
Authors: Coulibaly Baba , Dorier Elisabeth
Published: September 2019

Résumé Les bourgoutières sont des pâturages humides naturels du Delta intérieur du Niger au Mali et contrôlés depuis le xix e siècle par une catégorie sociale majoritairement constituée de Jowro , terme issu de la contraction de deux mots peulhs, Jom (propriétaire) et Wuro (campement), chargés de la gestion du mouvement des troupeaux et des pâturages depuis la théocratie (la Dîna) fondée en 1812 par Sekou Ahmadou. Au fil du temps, les bourgoutières ont été considérées comme des territoires patrimoniaux où les Jowro réglementent l’entrée et la sortie des animaux et perçoivent des droits d’accès. Leur rôle central, depuis près de deux siècles, est censé être modifié par la décentralisation. Cet article examine les stratégies mises en œuvre aujourd’hui par les Jowro en vue de perpétuer leur contrôle sur les bourgoutières et interroge leur argumentaire territorial et identitaire dans le contexte de la décentralisation. La méthodologie est basée sur l’observation directe et des entretiens avec plusieurs catégories d’acteurs ( Jowro , élus locaux, conseils de village, etc.). Les résultats montrent que les stratégies passent par la diversification de la fonction et des activités des Jowro , qui investissent le nouveau champ politique local en vue de préserver leur influence et de perpétuer leur position en tant que maîtres des bourgoutières. Leurs rapports avec les conseils communaux se traduisent par des arrangements informels autour des ressources.
Convergences et contradictions des dynamiques patrimoniales à l’œuvre dans le parc d’État de la Serra do Mar, São Paulo, Brésil
Authors: Calvimontes Jorge , Almeida Rancan Gabriella , da Costa Ferreira Lúcia
Published: September 2019

Résumé L’objectif de ce travail est de discuter les processus de patrimonialisation de la culture et de la nature dans le parc d’État de la Serra do Mar, situé sur la zone côtière de l’État de São Paulo, à partir de l’histoire de sa création et de sa gestion. La question identitaire chez les populations, en particulier à travers l’usage des catégories caiçara et quilombola , joue un rôle central dans les processus locaux de patrimonialisation et de zonage de ces espaces littoraux. La légitimation institutionnelle et l’appropriation de ces territoires par divers acteurs sont à l’origine de luttes sociales acérées qui se déploient dans la mise en œuvre d’outils de gestion des conflits destinés à arbitrer la présence de communautés humaines dans le parc. Dans cette région, plusieurs problématiques liées à la création du parc se croisent, comme les questions relatives à l’usage des ressources naturelles, à l’identité, au droit à la terre et à la présence d’acteurs aux origines diverses. Dès lors, les enjeux associés sont parfois antagoniques et s’entrechoquent.
Montes, tierras libres y baldíos : (re)définir les terres appropriables dans les périphéries de Carthagène (Colombie) après la Constitution de 1991
Authors: Arango Luisa
Published: September 2019

Résumé En 1991, la Colombie adopte une Constitution qui reconnaît les minorités ethniques et, dans le cas des « communautés noires », s’engage à leur attribuer les titres de propriété de terres collectives. Si le lien entre « territoires ancestraux » et identité « afro-colombienne » est rapidement incorporé dans certaines régions, il ne sera mobilisé que vingt ans plus tard à Carthagène et ses environs. Dans ce contexte, je m’intéresse à des pratiques d’occupation, d’exploitation, de mesure, de clôture et d’enregistrement des terres impliquant des acteurs divers (populations locales, touristes, administrateurs). En prêtant attention aux catégories identitaires qui surgissent dans ces pratiques et aux définitions des terres appropriables, il est possible de suggérer que la pluralité de désignations d’un même territoire génère des espaces de négociation du foncier qui sont redéfinis, voire réduits, avec l’ethnicisation de l’accès aux terres véhiculée par la Constitution de 1991.
Such Goodhearted People: Dioramas in the Nubia Museum of Aswan
Authors: Parrs Alexandra
Published: September 2019

Cet article est basé sur une analyse des dioramas de la section ethnographique du musée de la Nubie d’Assouan, en Égypte. Projet sponsorisé par l’Unesco, le musée a été inauguré en 1997. Il a été créé après la submersion de la région de Nubie par les eaux, à la suite de la construction du barrage hydroélectrique d’Assouan, dans les années soixante. J’examine certaines des caractéristiques des dioramas (dispositif de présentation d’une scène avec des modèles de taille réelle) : essentialisation, racialisation, allochronisme. Au-delà des problèmes potentiels posés par l’utilisation des dioramas comme stratégie muséale, je m’intéresse à l’impact que ces dioramas peuvent avoir sur la communauté nubienne et sur son positionnement en relation à l’identité égyptienne.
Patrimoines et musées en Turquie, nouveaux territoires de luttes politiques et identitaires
Authors: Boucly Julien
Published: September 2019

Résumé Dans trois villes de la région kurde, au sud-est de la Turquie (Diyarbakır, Şanlıurfa et Mardin), depuis les années 2000, les activités patrimoniales et muséales se développent de manière frénétique. Le réaménagement des musées nationaux et la création de nouveaux musées dits « de la ville » accompagnent les fouilles archéologiques, les restaurations et les stratégies concurrentielles du tourisme. Plutôt que de définir une identité régionale, ces musées singularisent des territoires et des identités urbaines locales. À travers l’étude de six musées (trois musées archéologiques et trois musées de la ville), cet article propose de comprendre les processus de construction territoriale par l’action patrimoniale en analysant les configurations relationnelles locales entre institutions étatiques, autorités municipales et organisations civiles.
Predisposing Factors, Ophthalmic Manifestations, and Radiological Findings in Children With Cerebral Visual Impairment
Authors: Ganesh Suma , Khurana Rolli , Sharma Sonia , Rath Soveeta
Published: September 2019

Purpose:

To describe predisposing factors, ophthalmic manifestations, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in children with cerebral visual impairment.

Methods:

A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of patients younger than 16 years with neuroradiological and clinical evidence of retrogeniculate visual pathway pathology was performed. Detailed histories, ophthalmic examinations, and MRI findings were compiled and analyzed.

Results:

Of the 88 cases included in the study, the median age was 32 months (range: 1 to 180 months). Ante-natal history and preterm delivery was positive in 25.0% and 37.5% of patients, respectively. A simple myopic astigmatism was the most common refractive error. Accommodative anomalies were noted in 6 children.

Conclusions:

The demographic trends found in the study were similar to those of developed nations, but the frequency of the predisposing factors varied. A comprehensive knowledge of cerebral visual impairment in the developing world can aid an earlier diagnosis, appropriate management, and the development of better rehabilitation teams.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2019;56(5):313–318.]
Coats Disease: Clinical Features and Outcomes by Age Category in 351 Cases
Authors: Dalvin Lauren A. , Udyaver Sanika , Lim Li-Anne S. , Mazloumi Mehdi , Atalay Hatice T. , Khoo Chloe T. L. , Shields Carol L.
Published: September 2019

Purpose:

To investigate features and outcomes of Coats disease by patient age.

Methods:

Patients with Coats disease from 1973 to 2018 were evaluated based on age category at presentation (3 years or younger vs older than 3 to 10 years vs older than 10 years).

Results:

There were 351 eyes of 351 patients with Coats disease diagnosed (2 vs 6 vs 27 years,
P
< .001). The youngest age group had more referral diagnoses of retinoblastoma (29% vs 15% vs 0%,
P
< .001), worse presenting visual acuity (< 20/200: 80% vs 67% vs 31%,
P
< .001), more advanced Coats disease stage (stage 3B: 65% vs 38% vs 10%,
P
< .001), and greater clock-hour extent of telangiectasia (7 vs 5 vs 4,
P
< .001), light bulb aneurysms (7 vs 4 vs 3,
P
< .001), exudation (10 vs 7 vs 5,
P
< .001), and subretinal fluid (10 vs 7 vs 4,
P
< .001). The oldest patients received a greater total number of treatments (3.3 vs 3.1 vs 4.4,
P
= .04), with more argon laser photocoagulation (37% vs 52% vs 73%,
P
< .001) and intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (6% vs 9% vs 23%,
P
< .002) and less cryotherapy (74% vs 84% vs 58%,
P
< .001). At mean follow-up (70 vs 65 vs 38 months,
P
= .02), the youngest patients had poorer visual acuity outcome (< 20/200: 83% vs 64% vs 39%,
P
< .001), had less disease resolution (43% vs 65% vs 62%,
P
= .01), and were more likely to ultimately require enucleation (22% vs 10% vs 6%,
P
= .01).

Conclusions:

Younger patients (3 years or younger) with Coats disease present with worse visual acuity and more advanced disease stage, and are more likely to require ultimate enucleation.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2019;56(5):288–296.]
Training of Residents and Fellows in Retinopathy of Prematurity Around the World: An International Web-Based Survey
Authors: Al-Khaled Tala , Mikhail Mikel , Jonas Karyn E. , Wu Wei-Chi , Anzures Rachelle , Amphonphruet Atchara , Chuluunbat Tsengelmaa , Wu Lihteh , Chiang Michael F. , Campbell J. Peter , Chan R. V. Paul ,   the Global Education Network for Retinopathy of Prematurity (GEN-ROP)
Published: September 2019

Purpose:

To characterize retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) training practices in international residency and fellowship programs.

Methods:

A publicly available online-based platform (
http://www.SurveyMonkey.com
) was used to develop a 28-question multiple-choice survey that targeted ROP screening and treatment methods. The authors solicited training programs in the Philippines, Thailand, and Taiwan.

Results:

Programs from three countries participated in the survey, and a total of 95 responses collected from residents, fellows, and attending ophthalmologists were analyzed. A descriptive analysis demonstrated that 45 participants (47%) reported 1% to 33% of ROP screenings were performed under direct supervision of attending ophthalmologists, and 35 (37%) reported the use of formal assessments. The majority of participants (Country A: 87%, Country B: 71%, and Country C: 75%) estimated 1% to 33% of their practice was spent screening for ROP. Notably, 44 participants (46%) reported performing zero laser photocoagulation treatments for ROP during training (Country A: 65%, Country B: 38%, and Country C: 38%).

Conclusions:

International ophthalmology trainees perform a limited number of ROP examinations and laser interventions. ROP screenings are often unsupervised and lead to no formal evaluation by an attending ophthalmologist. Limited ROP training among ophthalmologists may lead to misdiagnosis and ultimately mismanagement of a patient. Loss of vision and exposure to unwarranted treatments are among the implications of such errors. The findings highlight the need to improve ROP training in international ophthalmology residency and fellowship programs.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2019;56(5):282–287.]
Innovation Resistance
Authors: Yener Dursun , Taşçıoğlu Mertcan
Published: September 2019

Innovation resistance has become a subject of increasing concern to academics and practitioners in recent years. Dealing with innovation resistance appropriately plays a very important role for companies. In this chapter, innovation resistance is examined in the context of consumerism. Innovation resistance concept and innovation resistance models are explored thoroughly and the relationship with innovation resistance and perceived risk is emphasized in the context of consumerism. Then, overcoming innovation resistance and the ways how to deal with barriers are explained and finally this chapter concludes with a summary of the chapter and managerial implications.
Social Media and Consumer Behaviour Towards Luxury Brands
Authors: Yiangou Foteini , Papasolomou Ioanna , Thrassou Alkis , Vrontis Demetris
Published: September 2019

In recent years there has been an upsurge of interest in social media (SM). SM has ushered a new era of communication between organizations and key stakeholders and has forced brands to change dramatically the way they interact with their target markets. Luxury brand marketers have recently turned their attention to customer-driven SM devoted to their brands recognizing the role SM plays in their marketing strategies. Key consumer behavior concepts such as motivation, interaction, and SM provide the theoretical foundation. The purpose of this chapter is to explore the relationship between SM and consumer behavior towards luxury brands. Empirical data was collected from 110 Cypriot SM users who look for information on SM about luxury brands. The aim was to explore whether SM influences consumer behavior of both male and female Cypriot consumers and whether there are any distinct behavioral differences between the two genders. This study provides recommendations to luxury brands to understand the nature of consumer behavior and brand-customer relationship in using SM.
Emotional Intelligence Towards Customer Relationship Marketing
Authors: Al Khoury Grace , Thrassou Alkis , Papasolomou Ioanna
Published: September 2019

The chapter adopts a theoretical approach to exploring the existing literature on emotional intelligence models and customer relationship marketing concept with the aim of proposing a ‘new' conceptual model interlinking emotional intelligence (EI) and customer relationship marketing (CRM). The proposed conceptual model will then be re-developed on the basis of the findings that will emerge from a qualitative case study research carried out in the Lebanese retail banking sector. The fact that the focus of this study is on the Lebanese market could potentially ‘fuel' the topic with more controversy due to the impact of the Lebanese culture affecting both the banks' organisational culture and the front-line employee behaviour. Based on an extensive search of literature, one can conclude that EI significantly affects the retail banking sector. The research study aims at interlinking EI theory with frontline employee behavior in the context of CRM through combing existing models, theoretical research and secondary data.
A Detailed Study on Classification Algorithms in Big Data
Authors: Saranya N.  , Selvam Saravana
Published: September 2019

After an era of managing data collection difficulties, these days the issue has turned into the problem of how to process these vast amounts of information. Scientists, as well as researchers, think that today, probably the most essential topic in computing science is Big Data. Big Data is used to clarify the huge volume of data that could exist in any structure. This makes it difficult for standard controlling approaches for mining the best possible data through such large data sets. Classification in Big Data is a procedure of summing up data sets dependent on various examples. There are distinctive classification frameworks which help us to classify data collections. A few methods that discussed in the chapter are Multi-Layer Perception Linear Regression, C4.5, CART, J48, SVM, ID3, Random Forest, and KNN. The target of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive evaluation of classification methods that are in effect commonly utilized.
Decoding Big Data Analytics for Emerging Business Through Data-Intensive Applications and Business Intelligence
Authors: Shankarnarayan Vinay Kellengere
Published: September 2019

In recent years, big data have gained massive popularity among researchers, decision analysts, and data architects in any enterprise. Big data had been just another way of saying analytics. In today's world, the company's capital lies with big data. Think of worlds huge companies. The value they offer comes from their data, which they analyze for their proactive benefits. This chapter showcases the insight of big data and its tools and techniques the companies have adopted to deal with data problems. The authors also focus on framework and methodologies to handle the massive data in order to make more accurate and precise decisions. The chapter begins with the current organizational scenario and what is meant by big data. Next, it draws out various challenges faced by organizations. The authors also observe big data business models and different frameworks available and how it has been categorized and finally the conclusion discusses the challenges and what is the future perspective of this research area.
Role of Machine Intelligence and Big Data in Remote Sensing
Authors: Murugan Suriya , Haldorai Anandakumar
Published: September 2019

Technological advances in computing, data storage, networks, and sensors have dramatically increased our ability to access, store, and process huge amounts of data. “Big data” as a term has been the biggest trends of the last few years, leading to an elevation in research, as well as industry and government applications. The problem with current big data analysis faces any one of the following challenges: heterogeneity and incompleteness, scale, timeliness, privacy, and human collaboration. It's an undeniable fact that “data” forms the basis for geospatial industry. With technological advances in the collection, distribution, management, and access of data, there is an exponential increase in the amount of geospatial information. Computational intelligence techniques such as machine learning optimization and advanced data analytics can help make faster decisions. This chapter analyses how geospatial data is driving software and services market as a “big data challenge” and how biologically inspired techniques are effective in analyzing remote sensing data.
Big Data Analytics and Visualization for Food Health Status Determination Using Bigmart Data
Authors: Hirve Sumit Arun , Pradeep Reddy C. H.
Published: September 2019

Being premature, the traditional data visualization techniques suffer from several challenges and lack the ability to handle a huge amount of data, particularly in gigabytes and terabytes. In this research, we propose an R-tool and data analytics framework for handling a huge amount of commercial market stored data and discover knowledge patterns from the dataset for conveying the derived conclusion. In this chapter, we elaborate on pre-processing a commercial market dataset using the R tool and its packages for information and visual analytics. We suggest a recommendation system based on the data which identifies if the food entry inserted into the database is hygienic or non-hygienic based on the quality preserved attributes. For a precise recommendation system with strong predictive accuracy, we will put emphasis on Algorithms such as J48 or Naive Bayes and utilize the one who outclasses the comparison based on accuracy. Such a system, when combined with R language, can be potentially used for enhanced decision making.
A Fifty-Year Survey
Authors: McIntyre Jr. Roger N. , Knowles Jr. F. E.
Published: September 2019

Recent and ongoing events have created national concern, fear, and dialogue about potential future acts of mass casualty violence. While much attention has been directed towards the creation of stricter gun control legislation as a means to prevent such acts, little has been mentioned about understanding the offender characteristics and motives for these horrific crimes. Many of the mass shooting offenders share similar features. More attention must be given to these commonalities as a way to understand the event itself, and for the formulation of preventive measures. This study examines mass shooting situations from 1962 to 2013 and analyzes the similarities amongst offenders. In addition, through the application of Identity Theory, it is argued that these acts are perpetrated due to identify conflicts that the violators possess. Through the commission of these acts, they are able to reassert their role and place within society
Exploring the Phenomenon of Mass Murder in Public Places
Authors: Kerr Selina E.M. , Markey Mary Ann
Published: September 2019

In 2017, fifty-eight individuals attending an outdoor music festival in Las Vegas were shot and killed, whilst hundreds more were injured. In this chapter, the authors explore the phenomenon of mass shootings taking place in entertainment venues or places of worship. These types of venues bring unique challenges in preventing and responding to mass shooting incidents. These authors recommend initiating a threat assessment system or model to assess changes in an individual's behaviors over time. It is of particular importance to evaluate whether the individual has been preparing for an attack. The six case studies reviewed engaged in active preparations beforehand by procuring weapons, writing manifestos and scoping out potential venues to attack. In terms of how to effectively respond to mass shootings in public locations, it is recommended that an emergency management plan with a range of scenarios is devised beforehand. Careful consideration should be given to ways to deal with individuals with special needs and how to communicate with patrons during an emergency situation.
Along the Pathway of University Missions
Authors: Riviezzo Angelo , Napolitano Maria Rosaria , Fusco Floriana
Published: September 2019

Over the last decades, the pressure on the university to facilitate direct application and exploitation of its knowledge and capabilities to contribute to social, cultural, and economic development has steadily increased. As a result, new missions have been recognized to universities, new theoretical frameworks have been developed, and new university models have been proposed, including the “entrepreneurial university”, the “civic university”, the “community-engaged university”, the “transformative university” or the “interconnected university”. Thus, a corresponding advancement of performance metrics and indicators used to assess the impact of university activities is required. Through a bibliometric and then a critical review of the extant literature, this study provides: i) an overall picture of the state-of-art of literature on universities' missions and roles in regional development; ii) a systematisation of the contributions on performance measures and indicators of universities' activities.
Entrepreneurial Universities' Strategic Role in Accelerated Innovation for Regional Growth
Authors: Saha Nibedita , Sáha Tomáš , Sáha Petr
Published: September 2019

This chapter provides a conceptual framework of entrepreneurial universities' strategic role which has been viewed as an operational approach of promoting innovation–driven regional growth. Nowadays, entrepreneurial universities' strategic role and research institutions' innovative capabilities are distinguished as significant knowledge facilitators for regional economic development, due to their spin-off that adds value through knowledge creation and entrepreneurial discovery process. This chapter exemplifies entrepreneurial universities' strategic perspectives and their impact on a regional innovation system that enables a region to be more creative and innovative, especially new EU member states' territories in order to create their pioneering business opportunity with worldwide competency.
Solving Nurse Scheduling Problem via Genetic Algorithm in Home Healthcare
Authors: İnanç Şahin , Eren Şenaras Arzu
Published: September 2019

The nurse scheduling problem (NSP) is the problem involving allocating the monthly shifts (day and night shifts, holidays, and so on) for nurses under various constraints. Generally, the NSP has a lot of constraints. As a result, it needs a lot of knowledge and experience to make the scheduling table with its constraints, and it has been made by the head nurse or the authority in the hospitals. This allocation of the shifts gives a lot of burden (time and efforts) to them, and it has been growing the demand for the automatic nurse scheduling system. This chapter aims to develop a genetic algorithm application for the Nurse Scheduling Problem (NSP). The application will be developed using Microsoft Visual Studio in C# programming language.
A Multi-Objective Model for the Simultaneous Planning Problems
Authors: Lobna Kallel , Hichem Kamoun , Mounir Benaissa
Published: September 2019

This chapter examines two of the most important operational problems in seaport terminals, first, the berth allocation problem (BAP) which finds an optimal assignment of ships to the berths that minimise the total waiting time of all ships. Then we consider the ships containers to storage areas assignment problem (SSAP) which finds an allocation of ship containers to storage area that minimises the travelling time and containers dispersion. In the first step, a mixed integer linear program model is designed to address the BA problem with the aim of minimising the ships stay time in the port (known as the scheduling theory by the flow time). In a second step, the output of the first model is used in another mixed integer linear program model to solve the SSA problem with a view at reducing both travelling time and containers dispersion while satisfying storage capacities for the case where the containers of one ship can be partitioned into two different and consecutive storage area when needed. The experimental part is conducted on a real case, namely the Tunisian port of Radès.
The Effect of the Different Inlet's Structures of the Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (GLCC) Separator
Authors: Ho Minh Kha , Nguyen Thanh Nam , Nguyen Ngoc Phuong , Tuyen Vo
Published: September 2019

The inlet’s geometry is always the core factor that directly affects hydrodynamics and separation efficiency of the cyclone separation types. The Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (GLCC) separators have been developed in recent years to separate into single phases of multiphase mixtures in the oil and gas industry. It is used to substitute for the traditional separator that is used over 100 years. However, the action of phases in the instrument is very fast, complicated and unsteady which may cause the difficulty to enhance the performance of the separation phases. Besides, the effect of inlet’s structures over its hydrodynamics and performance is not fully understood. The target of this study is to use experimental modeling for two phases flow (gas-water) to evaluate the effect of inlet geometrical modifications in the reduction of liquid carry-over (LCO). Four different inlet configurations are constructed, namely: One circular inlet, two symmetric circular inlets, one square inlet and two symmetric square inlets with the gradually reduced nozzle. From the results presented in this work, we propose the use of two symmetric inlets to enhance the separator efficiency because of their effects.
Research on the Design of the Laser Beam in SLS Rapid Prototyping Machine
Authors: Tuyen Vo , Nguyen Thanh Nam , Le Khanh Dien
Published: September 2019

Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) is an HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Additive_manufacturing" \o "Additive manufacturing" additive manufacturing (AM) technique that uses a HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser" \o "Laser" Laser as the power source to HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sintering" \o "Sintering" sinter powdered material, typically HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nylon" \o "Nylon" nylon/ HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyamide" \o "Polyamide" polyamide HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_laser_sintering" \l "cite_note-1" [7], HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_laser_sintering" \l "cite_note-2" [8]. A Laser beam HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automation" \o "Automation" automatically aims at points in space defined by a HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_modeling" \o "3D modeling" 3D model, binding the material together to create a solid structure. In the SLS rapid prototype machine, a high power CO2 Laser sources is applied for sintering the powder material to its melting point temperature. The ability of application of a Laser radiation for sintering the material depends on the power of energy source and the time of interaction of radiation with the material of the product. Otherwise, the design of Laser beam for sintering powder material depends on the technical parameters such as power Laser source, Laser point size, type and focus of lenses.... This article presents a study on the design of our own Laser beam sintering in the SLS rapid prototype that satisfies the technical requirements. The results of testing show that the designed and manufactured Laser beam instrument in SLS rapid prototype machine in our laboratory can be approved because it satisfies all the technological requirements of the medium range of SLS rapid prototyping machine.
Development and Analysis for a New Compliant XY Micropositioning Stage Applied for Nanoindentation Tester System
Authors: Dang Minh Phung , Dao Thanh Phong , Le Hieu Giang , Tran Ngoc Thoai
Published: September 2019

A Compliant XY micropositioning stage is purported for situating a material sample in nanoindentation tester process. This paper aims to develop, analyze and optimize a XY compliant micropositioning stage. The working stroke of proposed XY stage is amplified by combining the four-lever and a bridge amplification mechanism. To enhance the performances of the stage, the main geometric parameters are optimized by an integration method of Taguchi method, response surface method (RSM) and genetic algorithm (GA). Firstly, static analysis and dynamic analysis are conducted by the finite element analysis in order to predict initial performances of the XY stage. Secondly, the number of experiments and the data are retrieved by combination of the finite element analysis-integrated Taguchi method. Thirdly, the effects of main design variables on the output response sensitivity are considered. Later on, mathematical model for the amplification ratio was established by the RSM. Finally, based on the mathematical equation, the GA is adopted to define the optimal design variables. The results of numerical validations are in a good agreement with the predicted results. The results depicted that the proposed hybrid approach ensures a high reliability for engineering optimization problems.
Development of 3D Printable Bone Model with Fracture Lines for Additive Manufacturing Applications
Authors: Tseng Yu Wen , Liao Chao Yaug , Irwansyah Irwansyah , Lai Jiing Yih
Published: September 2019

This study proposes a design process for printable bone models featuring fracture lines. The bone model was printed using a low-cost dual-head FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) machine. Two different colors were used to identify the bone model and the fracture lines. Real bone model fractures with fracture lines were prepared and printed to verify the feasibility of the proposed method.
Biased S1PR1 Signaling in B Cells Subverts Responses to Homeostatic Chemokines, Severely Disorganizing Lymphoid Organ Architecture
Authors: Hwang Il-Young , Park Chung , Harrison Kathleen , Kehrl John H.
Published: September 2019

Ligand-engaged chemoattractant receptors trigger Gαi subunit nucleotide exchange, stimulating the activation of downstream effector molecules. Activated chemoattractant receptors also dock G protein–coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) that help mediate receptor desensitization. In this study, we show that the B cell–specific loss of GRK2 severely disrupts B cell trafficking and immune cell homeostasis. The GRK2 deficiency in developing murine B cells leads to a severe immune phenotype, including a major reduction of bone marrow IgD+ cells, splenomegaly with a loss of white pulp and grossly expanded red pulp, a deficit of Peyer patches, and small lymph nodes with marked reductions in B cell numbers. The major phenotypes in these mice arise from excessive S1PR1 signaling combined with inadequate homeostatic chemokine receptor signaling. CXCL13 signaling is the most severely compromised. In B cells, our data also indicate that S1PR1 signals constitutively, as blocking S1PR1 signaling with an S1PR1 antagonist enhanced CXCL13-triggered wild-type B cell migration. Furthermore, blocking S1PR1 signaling in the GRK2-deficient B cells partially corrected their poor response to chemokines. Treating mice lacking GRK2 expression in their B cells with an S1PR1 antagonist partially normalized B cell trafficking into lymph node and splenic follicles. These findings reveal the critical interdependence of Gαi-linked signaling pathways in controlling B lymphocyte trafficking.
Treatment of Non-Atopic Dermatitis with Polarized UV-Free Polychromatic Light: A Case Report
Authors: Leguina-Ruzzi Alberto , Raichura Kishan Rajnikant , Tonks Sarah Karis , Kwabi Semira , Leitner Claudia
Published: September 2019

Non-atopic dermatitis is a common inflammatory condition, which is potentially debilitating and can compromise life quality. Polarized ultraviolet-free polychromatic light is used as therapeutic option for the treatment of wound healing and dermatological conditions. It has not yet been tested in the management of non-atopic dermatitis. In this case report, we present a 67-year-old female patient who had suffered with moderate non-atopic dermatitis for the past 20 years, and had undergone multiple treatments during that time without significant improvement or relief from her symptoms. She was treated for six weeks only with daily light therapy applications (10 minutes/area). Our results showed that light therapy offered a significant reduction in erythema of the affected zones with a concomitant reduction in pruritus and dehydration of the skin, without side effects or discomfort.
Polar motion program of the Earth Physics Branch
Authors: Popelar J
Published: September 2019

The Polar Motion Group was established in 1973 as part of the newly organized Geodynamics Section within the Gravity Division to carry on studies of polar motion, earth's rotation and crustal plate movements. This long term program includes the operation of the
two Canadian PZT observatories located near Ottawa and Calgary which have been accumulating astronomical data on latitude and longitude variations since 1951 and 1968 respectively. Both PZT which appear to be capable of detecting secular notions greater than 10 cm, contribute data regularly to the
international time (BIH) and polar motion (IPMS) services.
In 1974 two Doppler satellite tracking stations were collocated with the PZT observatories to compare polar motion as determined by the the two independent techniques. It is hoped that the Doppler satellite method will increase the accuracy and time resolution of pole determinations to facilitate
studies of short-term variations of polar motion. A mini-computer system is being used to automate the satellite data acquisition, processing and comraunication. As part of the world-wide TRANET satellite tracking network the Doppler stations contribute data to the Dahlgren Polar Monitoring
Service.
Temperature measurements in boreholes at Chalk River, Ontario
Authors: Judge A
Published: September 2019

Subsurface temperature measurements have been made in seven boreholes in the vicinity of Chalk River, Ontario, to maximum depths of 300m. Although the results for most are still partially disturbed by the transient thermal disturbance due to drilling, the
temperature logs, as well as yielding equilibrium temperatures and temperature gradients, reveal transient anomalies that can be related to fracture zones and to water flows.
Access to primary care for persons with spinal cord injuries in the greater Gaborone area, Botswana
Authors: Paulus-Mokgachane Thato M.M. , Visagie Surona J. , Mji Gubela
Published: September 2019

Background: People with spinal cord injury (SCI) often have great need for healthcare services, but they report access challenges. Primary care access to people with SCI has not been explored in Botswana.Objective: This study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators that users with spinal cord injuries experience in accessing primary care services in the greater Gaborone area, Botswana.Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional, observational study was conducted. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire from 57 participants with traumatic and non-traumatic SCI. Descriptive and inferential analysis was performed.Results: The male to female ratio was 2.8:1. The mean age of participants was 40 years (standard deviation 9.59). Road traffic crashes caused 85% of the injuries. Most participants visited primary care facilities between 2 and 10 times in the 6 months before the study. Participants were satisfied with the services (63%) and felt that facilities were clean (95%) and well maintained (73.5%). Preferential treatment, respect, short waiting times and convenient hours facilitated satisfaction with services. Availability was hampered by insufficient provider knowledge on SCI as indicated by 71.9% of participants, and shortage of consumables (80.7%). Structural challenges (42.1% could not enter the facility by themselves and 56.5% could not use the bathroom) and lack of height-adjustable examining couches (66.7%) impeded accessibility. Cost was incurred when participants (64.9%) utilised private health services where public services failed to address their needs.Conclusion: Primary care services were mostly affordable and adequate. Availability, acceptability and accessibility aspects created barriers.
Human resources management practice, job satisfaction and affective organisational commitment relationships: The effects of ethnic similarity and difference
Authors: Amah Okechukwu E. , Oyetunde Kabiru
Published: September 2019

Orientation: The study explored how ethnicity affects the expected relationships among human resources management practice (HRMP), job satisfaction and affective organisational commitment.Research purpose: To establish how ethnicity affects the interpretation of organisationally provided HRMP, and how this interpretation affects the relationships among the study variables.Motivation for the study: Interest has moved from HRMP outcomes to how employees attribute meaning to existing HRMP. Hence, there is a need to study the variables that affect the attribution process and their effects on the effectiveness of HRMP.Research approach/design and method: The study was quantitative and utilised cross-sectional research design. Participants consisted of 450 employees from eight organisations in Nigeria.Main findings: Results indicated that HRMP is positively related to job satisfaction and organisational commitment, and ethnicity is negatively related to job satisfaction and organisational commitment. Ethnicity moderated the relationships among HRMP, job satisfaction and organisational commitment.Practical/managerial implications: Ethnicity affected the relationships among HRMP, job satisfaction and affective organisational commitment; hence, organisations may not be deriving the full anticipated benefits of HRMP. It was suggested that organisations should train managers to adopt positive behaviours that would enhance the management of ethnic diversity and reduce the negative effects of ethnicity.Contribution/value-add: Ethnic similarity has cultural significance in Nigeria and is known to affect managers’ and employees’ behaviour and the sharing of organisational benefits in the workplace. However, studies involving its role in HRMP attribution process are lacking. Hence, this study makes a valuable contribution to how ethnicity affects attribution in HRMP studies.
Active contour model for medical sequence image segmentation based on spatial similarity
Authors: Huang Chencheng , Lei Denglan , Li Zhaofei
Published: September 2019

Background and Objectives:

Image segmentation is the basic problem in computer vision and pattern recognition. This study mainly focuses on the segmentation of medical sequence images.

Materials and Methods:

In this article, we considered the spatial similarity of the medical sequence image in active contour model (ACM) for segmentation. First, by utilizing the similarity of object contour between adjacent slices of medical images, and then using the segment result of the former slice as the initial contour of the next image to segmentation. The proposed model can automatically obtain a better initial contour location and reduce the computing cost for segment processing. Second, to improve the accuracy of image segmentation, we considered the similarity of the object contour between adjacent slices, and introduce a punishment term in localized ACM.

Results:

We compared our model and other methods for segmenting medical brain magnetic resonance slices, and the experimental results on synthetic medical sequence images validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Conclusions:

By utilizing the similarity of object contour between adjacent slices of medical images, and using the segment result of former slice as the initial contour of the next image to segment, the proposed model can obtain better initial contour location for segmentation sequence images and reduce the computing cost for whole medical sequence image segmentation process.
The role of phantoms in magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound surgery
Authors: Damianou Christakis
Published: September 2019

This article reviews the role of mimicking materials used in focused ultrasound surgery (FUS) under magnetic resonance imaging. FUS is a noninvasive surgery that has many applications in oncology and neurology. Phantoms (mimicking materials) are mostly based in agar or gelatin phantoms.
Rehabilitation with robotic glove (Gloreha) in poststroke patients
Authors: Milia Paolo , Peccini Maria Cristina , De Salvo Federico , Sfaldaroli Alice , Grelli Chiara , Lucchesi Giorgia , Sadauskas Nora , Rossi Catia , Caserio Marco , Bigazzi Mario
Published: September 2019

Background and Objectives:

Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability. Rehabilitation involving repetitive, high-intensity, and task-specific exercise is the pathway to restore motor skills. Robotic assistive devices such as Gloreha are increasingly being used in upper limb rehabilitation. The aim of this study is to explore the efficacy of robotic therapy for upper limb rehabilitation using robotic glove (Gloreha) in patients with stroke.

Materials and Methods:

The patients affected by stroke who were admitted to our rehabilitation unit were studied. Patients were exposed to Gloreha device rehabilitation (30 min/die), physiotherapy (1,5 hours/die), and occupational therapy (30 min/die). We measured the impairment in motor function and muscle tone using the modified Ashworth scale (MAS), the activities of daily living functional independence measure (FIM), and the finger dexterity Nine-Hole Peg test (NHPT).

Results:

Twelve patients (mean age = 64.5 years; male/female: 8:4) were admitted at the rehabilitation training. We found statistically significant differences between admission and discharged in terms of functional recovery using the FIM scale (pre/M = 88.33; post/M = 117.25, P = 0.01); hand training showed a better outcome using the NHPT (pre/M = 51.8; post/M = 36.33, P = 0.01). No significant changes were observed in terms of spasticity with the MAS (pre/M = 1.25; post/M = 1.08;P > 0.05).

Conclusions:

Rehabilitation with robotic glove (Gloreha) can positively promote functional recovery of arm function in a patient with stroke.
The Erdős–Moser Sum-free Set Problem
Authors: Sanders Tom
Published: September 2019

We show that there is an absolute $c>0$ such that if $A$ is a finite set of integers, then there is a set $S\subset A$ of size at least $\log ^{1+c}|A|$ such that the restricted sumset $\{s+s^{\prime }:s,s^{\prime }\in S\text{ and }s\neq s^{\prime }\}$ is disjoint from $A$. (The logarithm here is to base $3$.)
Дифференцируемость $?(x)$-функции Минковского. II
Authors: Kan Igor' Davidovich
Published: September 2019

В статье доказываются новые теоремы о производной функции Минковского.
Библиография: 14 наименований.
Is Perceived Exposure to Mosquitoes Associated with Actual Exposure? Results from Studies in High-Risk and Low-Risk Geographic Areas
Authors: Gaillard Béatrice , Simard Fréderic , Dormont Laurent , Jay-Robert Pierre , D’Abadie de Lurbe Denis , Etienne Manuel , Baudin Anne , Raude Jocelyn
Published: September 2019

Perceived exposure to mosquitoes plays a fundamental role in the adoption of a range of protective behaviors aiming to prevent and control mosquito-borne disease. However, it is largely unknown in the present literature to what extent perceived exposure is associated with actual exposure. Moreover, the perception of nuisance may depend on the natural environment in which human populations are living, and especially its epidemiological context. In this study, the hypothesis that perceived exposure is driven by mosquito abundance was tested in two different geographic areas. We compared a range of perceived nuisance measures—collected through questionnaires—with egg number measured within ovitraps located in the south of France, which has been recently colonized by an arbovirus vector, and La Martinique island, a tropical French territory, which has a long history of outbreaks of mosquito-borne pathogens. Unexpectedly, only the nuisance due to mosquito noise was correlated with ovitrap activity in southern France. All other perceived exposure measures, both in the south of France and in Martinique, were not correlated with egg number surrounding households investigated. These results suggest the existence of habituation effects that may disturb the engagement in adaptive behaviors in the face of change in the entomological conditions.
Control no lineal de velocidad y aire alimentado en un motor diésel con turbocompresor y recirculación de gases de escape
Authors: Mendoza-Soto José Luis , Álvarez-Icaza Luis , Rodríguez Cortés H.
Published: September 2019

Se propone un control no lineal para regular la velocidad y la alimentación de flujo de aire en un motor de combustión interna diésel con sistema de recirculación de gases de escape. El esquema de control propuesto utiliza una realimentación estática de los estados para linealizar de manera exacta al sistema motor-turbocompresor evitando la linealización por retroalimentación de estados dinámica. El esquema de control propuesto se complementa con un estimador para el par de carga del motor basado en la técnica de Inmersión e Invariancia. El análisis de estabilidad permite concluir estabilidad asintótica cuando el esquema de control utiliza el par de carga estimado. Por medio de una serie de simulaciones numéricas se evalúan las propiedades del esquema de control propuesto.