bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome: result of single-center follow up study
Authors: Kruglov V. A. , Asfandiyarov F. R. , Vybornov S. N. , Seyidov K. S.
Published: February 2019

Introduction. Chronic pelvic pain syndrome is an urgent and widely discussed problem in the medical community. Despite the efforts made by a wide range of specialists, there is currently no universally accepted universal approach to the diagnosis and treatment of this condition. The article provides a description and results of applying its own approach to the management of patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome.Purpose of research. The aim of the work was to improve the practical results of treatment of patients suffering from chronic pelvic pain syndrome.Materials and methods. The results of the examination and treatment of 46 men aged from 26 to 57 years are presented. The leading complaint of the patients was the long-term pain in the pelvic and / or perineal region. According to the survey results, 43.5% of patients showed signs of inflammation in the prostate gland, 56.5% showed no symptoms. Patients with proven inflammatory changes in the prostate gland were divided into two groups: the first group received the “standard” therapy of chronic prostatitis (antibiotics, prostate-tropic drugs, microcirculation and immunocorrection enhancers, physiotherapy), in the second group the patients received the “standard” treatment in combination with myofascial blockades and neuropathic pain therapy. Patients without inflammatory changes in the prostate were combined into a third group and received only myofascial blockade and neuropathic pain therapy.Results. Pain in chronic pelvic pain syndrome is most often localized in the perineal region and in the inguinal zones, while the presence or absence of a proven inflammatory component in the prostate gland does not significantly affect the localization and degree of pain, nor the assessment of quality of life. The pelvic myofascial syndromes are detected in the majority of patients with CPPS and their targeted correction in the framework of complex therapy has a positive effect on the results of patient treatment.Conclusions. Correction of musculo-tonic disorders in chronic pelvic pain syndrome was accompanied by a statistically significant reduction in pain on a 10-point numerical rating scale for pain, a decrease in the I-PSS index.
Prostate cancer diagnosis: an immunological aspects
Authors: Popov S. V. , Guseinov R. G. , Orlov I. N. , Protoshchak V. V. , Skryabin O. N. , Babkin P. A. , Bagrov F. A. , Katunin A. S. , Martov A. G. , Schukin V. L.
Published: February 2019

Introduction.Contemporary diagnosis of prostate cancer is crucial to the patient’s further fate. Difficulties in the histological verification of the final diagnosis and false-negative results of biopsy research are often associated with the similarity of the prostate adenocarcinoma`s micromorphological picture and its benign lesions.Purpose of the study.Comprehending the possibilities of immunohistochemical identification of tumor cells and the basal epithelial layer of prostate glandular structures in prostate cancer suspected cases.Materials and methods.A biopsy material was taken from 134 patients. Prostate adenocarcinoma was verified by routine histological examination in 72 samples, in 62 samples there were no signs of malignant transformation. Subsequently, immunohistochemical analysis of biopsy specimens was performed using antibodies to α-methylacyl-CoA racemase, nuclear p63 protein and high-molecular cytokeratin.Results.The AMACR-positive reaction of malignant cells and a negative reaction of the basal epithelium to nuclear p63 protein antibodies and high-molecular cytokeratin were detected during prostate adenocarcinoma.Conclusion.If prostate cancer is suspected, immunohistochemical assays with monoclonal antibodies to AMACR, p63 and high-molecular cytokeratin greatly facilitate the detection of adenocarcinoma.
Cloud Health Resource Sharing Based on Consensus-Oriented Blockchain Technology: Case Study on a Breast Tumor Diagnosis Service (Preprint)
Authors: Zhu Xiaobao , Shi Jing , Lu Cuiyuan
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND

In recent years, researchers have made significant efforts in advancing blockchain technology. This technology, with distinct features of decentralization and security, can be applied to many fields. In areas of health data and resource sharing, applications of blockchain technology are also emerging.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we propose a cloud health resource-sharing model based on consensus-oriented blockchain technology and have developed a simulation study on breast tumor diagnosis.

METHODS

The proposed platform is built on a consortium or federated blockchain that possesses features of both centralization and decentralization. The consensus mechanisms generate operating standards for the proposed model. Open source Ethereum code is employed to provide the blockchain environment. Proof of Authority is selected as the consensus algorithm of block generation.

RESULTS

Based on the proposed model, a simulation case study for breast tumor classification is constructed. The simulation includes 9893 service requests from 100 users; 22 service providers are equipped with 22 different classification methods. Each request is fulfilled by a service provider recommended by the weighted k-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithm. The majority of service requests are handled by 9 providers, and provider service evaluation scores tend to stabilize. Also, user priority on KNN weights significantly affects the system operation outcome.

CONCLUSIONS

The proposed model is feasible based on the simulation case study for the cloud service of breast tumor diagnosis and has the potential to be applied to other applications.
GERENCIALISMO ESTATAL E A RELAÇÃO PÚBLICO-PRIVADA NA EDUCAÇÃO EM GOIÁS
Authors: Mundim Maria Augusta Peixoto , Duarte e Silva Luelí Nogueira
Published: February 2019

O presente trabalho apresenta resultados parciais de pesquisas em andamento sobre o Estado gerencial e a relação público-privada na educação em Goiás, em particular o caso do Instituto de Corresponsabilidade na Educação (ICE). Na primeira parte, delineia-se o cenário estrutural de transformações do capitalismo contemporâneo, o contexto das reformas neoliberais com os princípios da nova ideologia gerencialista e dos seus desdobramentos na reforma gerencial do Estado no Brasil. Na segunda parte, discorre-se sobre as tentativas do governo do estado de implantar as Organizações Sociais em Goiás. Na última parte, promove-se uma análise mais detida da parceria com o ICE, entidade privada que atua em mais de quarenta escolas de ensino médio de Goiás desde 2013. Como emblema dessa parceria, analisou-se a apostila denominada Projeto de Vida, que se configura como um manual de orientações e prescrições que visa levar o jovem a se reconhecer, a se ver como sujeito autônomo, solidário e competente, dono de seu próprio destino e capaz de mudar seu futuro. Pode-se inferir que a apostila introduz no indivíduo a lógica empresarial, a lógica do mercado, de modo que este vai sendo levado a pensar e a se ver como uma empresa, que precisa ser cada vez mais competente, eficiente e competitivo e aprender a gerenciar a própria vida. Diante disso, avalia-se que as PPPs na educação, por meio de estratégias e dispositivos pedagógicos e gerenciais, contribuem, de certo modo, para a formação de um novo indivíduo para um novo tempo.
GOVERNANÇA CORPORATIVA NA POLÍTICA EDUCACIONAL: O PAPEL DA OCDE
Authors: Pereira Rodrigo Da Silva
Published: February 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir o papel da Organização para Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico no processo de governança corporativa da política educacional. Para tanto, analisa as estratégias do capital para conformação de redes de governança que rompem as barreiras entre o público e privado no contexto de redefinição do papel do Estado. Aponta que a Nova Gestão Pública faz parte do projeto neoliberal e caracteriza-o como um constructo de classe que, com apoio dos Organismos Internacionais, em particular, da OCDE, induz, não só o ethos privado na administração pública, assim como a presença ativa dos setores empresarias na definição e execução das políticas educacionais e na expropriação do fundo público para seus interesses. A análise dos documentos daquele Organismo Internacional desvela sua atuação como cimento orgânico na mediação de interesses entre as redes e o Estado, bem como seu papel propulsor das parcerias públicoprivadas, e defensor da formação de cidadãos e intelectuais de novo tipo, que consentem com a lógica do capital. Os resultados demonstram que, no contexto brasileiro, é possível identificar as intencionalidades políticas, econômicas, ideológicas e sociais que essas redes carregam, a exemplo das influências exercidas no PDE, na BNCC e na Reforma do Ensino Médio. Conclui que é preciso criar e fortalecer redes que congreguem universidades e sistemas públicos de Educação Básica a fim de construir marcos formativos contra-hegemônicos e que possam fortalecer o sentido público-estatal e suas finalidades sociais.
TEACHERS’ SUBJECTIVITY IN ENGLISH TEACHING: (AUTO) BIOGRAPHY AND NARRATIVES
Authors: Fraga Carla Graciele Ramos , Barreto Denise Aparecida Brito
Published: February 2019

This article aims at presenting data analysis produced during the research conducted at IFNMG in partnership with UESB. English teachers that work in Basic Education, High School Courses integrated with Technical Courses participated in this research. Supported by Autobiographical methodology and narrative interviews, this article presents data that contributes to comprehending English Teaching considering the teachers’ subjectivity, which includes their personal stories and experiences of English learning in different contexts. Data has shown that teachers’ own learning experiences of the foreign language has a significant impact on their teaching practice and classroom decisions.
ESCRITA LITERÁRIA: DESAFIOS E POSSIBILIDADES
Authors: Oliveira Andreia Dos santos , Girotto Cyntia Graziella Guizelim Simões , Pacífico Juracy Machado
Published: February 2019

Trata-se do projeto de ensino “Escrita literária: desafios e possibilidades” desenvolvido com alunos dos primeiros anos dos cursos técnicos integrados ao Ensino Médio do Instituto Federal de Rondônia. As ações partiram da seguinte problematização: Como despertar o interesse dos alunos pelo texto literário e motivá-los a escrever textos diferentes daqueles usuais da área escolhida? Para isso delineou-se como objetivo criar ambiente favorável à leitura e escrita literária em que os discentes sintam-se sujeitos do processo. Na condução das ações, utilizamos os postulados de Fiorin e Savioli (2006) por defenderem a escrita literária como possibilidade de recriação do mundo, de Antunes (2003) que nos apresentou as várias etapas interdependentes e intercomplementares envolvidas na criação do texto literário, e na teoria Histórico-cultural de Vygotski (1995) que defende o uso da escrita a partir de uma necessidade do sujeito. Como eixos de ação, elaboramos situações em que os alunos tiveram contato com a leitura de textos literários, atuando como críticos do processo de composição textual, em seguida o planejamento da obra, revisão e reescrita. Como resultado tem-se que os alunos deixaram de ser leitores e escritores passivos e tornaram-se sujeitos da ação ao verem função no ato de escrever.
CONCEPÇÕES DE DESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL: O QUE REVELAM PROFESSORAS E DOCUMENTOS OFICIAIS
Authors: Corrêa Cíntia Resende , Bortolanza Ana Maria Esteves
Published: February 2019

O objetivo deste artigo, parte de uma pesquisa, é analisar as concepções de desenvolvimento infantil de onze professoras de uma escola pública de Educação Infantil, situada no interior do estado de Minas Gerais e em documentos oficiais. Tem como foco identificar se as concepções de desenvolvimento infantil nos documentos e nas entrevistas com as professoras situam-se mais na esfera do cotidiano ou na esfera da atividade complexa. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa (2016), de abordagem histórico-cultural, tendo como foco o conceito de desenvolvimento infantil, atividade e linguagem como macrocategorias fundamentais para a compreensão do ser-criança. Os procedimentos metodológicos foram a entrevista e a análise de documentos oficiais. A análise dos documentos oficiais evidencia que o desenvolvimento infantil não é visto como um processo de todas as funções psicofisiológicas integradas da criança e relacionado ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Osresultados evidenciam que as professoras entrevistadas se apoiam mais em conceitos do cotidiano parasua atuação docente, o que aponta uma ausência de fundamentos teórico-metodológicos para nortearsuas práticas pedagógicas em conhecimentos científicos. Infere-se que a formação docente, seja inicialou continuada, precisa garantir aos professores a apropriação de conhecimentos científicos sobre acriança e seu desenvolvimento.
EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL E JOGOS ELETRÔNICOS: O REAL E VIRTUAL EM TEMPOS CONTEMPORÂNEOS
Authors: Madruga Elisângela Barbosa , Henning Paula Corrêa
Published: February 2019

Frente a um contexto de crises e de tecnologias de informação avançadas, verdades são proliferadas e assim, como uma onda que captura e envolve, muitos submergem a estas. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo tem como proposta analisar teoricamente o tema Educação Ambiental e jogos eletrônicos, pois se entende que ambos são mecanismos de controle e demodulação de sujeitos. Cabe ressaltar que o trabalho se constitui em uma pesquisa bibliográfica. As discussões serão explanadas mediante a provocações advindas do campo da filosofia, que visam disparar um pensamento que se distancie das verdades dadas. A partir do tema em questão, se abordou os conceitos de governamento, noopolítica e ecopolítica, que refletem as novas relações de poder instauradas neste tempo.
ELABORAÇÃO CONCEITUAL DE ALUNOS COM DEFICIÊNCIA INTELECTUAL: POSSIBILIDADES EM CONTEXTOS FORMATIVOS
Authors: De Freitas Ana Paula , Pinto Glaucia Uliana , Monteiro Maria Inês Bacellar
Published: February 2019

Este texto aborda o tema do ensino para alunos com deficiência intelectual e a problemáticada não valorização de conteúdos escolares mais elaborados para esses sujeitos. Está fundamentado naperspectiva histórico-cultural e na teoria enunciativo-discursiva, com o objetivo de investigar comotem ocorrido o processo de formação de conceitos científicos, com foco na linguagem escrita, e, emespecial, buscar indícios de possibilidades de (trans)formação de professores e de alunos em relação anovos modos de constituição de desenvolvimento. A pesquisa, de cunho qualitativo, ocorreu em trêsescolas públicas de ensino fundamental no estado de São Paulo, envolvendo professores e seus alunosconsiderados deficientes intelectuais. Apresentam-se recortes de episódios interativos extraídos dedois eixos investigativos: processos de elaboração de conhecimento de alunos com deficiências e formação continuada docente. Os dados, provenientes de recursos de áudio e videogravação, com posterior transcrição de todo o material, foram analisados com base na microgênese dos processos em curso, ou seja, valorizando detalhes dos acontecimentos interativos. Os resultados evidenciaram possibilidades de (re)elaboração de conceitos pelos alunos e trans)formação do trabalho docente, especialmente nos modos de ensinar. Considerando que a promoção do aprendizado significativo na escola refere-se ao trabalho sistematizado e deliberado do professor com conceitos científicos, o saber elaborado precisa ser concretizado de modo consciente e organizado, especialmente com alunos com deficiência intelectual que, em geral, apresentam grande defasagem no domínio da escrita.
EVALUATING THE EFFECT OF BLENDING RATIO ON THE CO-GASIFICATION OF HIGH ASH COAL AND BIOMASS IN A FLUIDIZED BED GASIFIER USING MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: ELMAZ Furkan , YÜCEL Özgün , MUTLU Ali Yener
Published: February 2019

Co-gasification is a process that converts coal and biomass into useful products, such as syngas. Analytical and numerical approaches for modeling co-gasification process either require enormous amount of time or make a lot of assumptions which reduce consistency of the models in practical applications. Artificial Intelligence based modeling methods are used to simulate and to make predictions of outcomes of the co-gasification process. Even though previous studies result in successful modelling for specific cases, limited selection of methods and lack of implementation of cross-validation techniques causes insufficiency to explain unbiased performance evaluations and up-scale usability of the methods. In this paper, six different regression methods are employed to predict outputs of co-gasification process using a dataset containing 56 observations. Moreover, the original dataset is randomly resampled so that each model’s generalization ability is further assessed. The prediction performance of the proposed techniques on both datasets is evaluated and practical usability is discussed.
Effects of Metformin Therapy on Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With Prediabetes With Stable Angina and Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Stenosis: The CODYCE Multicenter Prospective Study
Authors: Sardu Celestino , Paolisso Pasquale , Sacra Cosimo , Mauro Ciro , Minicucci Fabio , Portoghese Michele , Rizzo Maria Rosaria , Barbieri Michelangela , Sasso Ferdinando Carlo , D’Onofrio Nunzia , Balestrieri Maria Luisa , Calabrò Paolo , Paolisso Giuseppe , Marfella Raffaele
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the effect of metformin therapy on coronary endothelial function and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in patients with prediabetes with stable angina and nonobstructive coronary stenosis (NOCS).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Metformin therapy may be needed to reduce coronary heart disease risk in patients with prediabetes. A total of 258 propensity score–matched (PSM) patients with stable angina undergoing coronary angiography were enrolled in the study. Data from 86 PSM subjects with normoglycemia (NG), 86 PSM subjects with prediabetes (pre-DM), and 86 PSM subjects with prediabetes treated with metformin (pre-DM metformin) were analyzed. During coronary angiography, NOCS was categorized by luminal stenosis <40% and fractional flow reserve >0.80. In addition, we assessed the endothelial function, measuring coronary artery diameter of left anterior descending coronary (LAD) at baseline and after the infusion of acetylcholine, by means of an intracoronary Doppler guide wire. MACE, as cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and heart failure, was evaluated at 24 months of follow-up.

RESULTS

At baseline, NG patients had a lower percentage of LAD endothelial dysfunction compared with pre-DM patients (P < 0.05). The pre-DM patients had a higher percentage of endothelial LAD dysfunction as compared with the pre-DM metformin patients (P < 0.05). At the 24th month of follow-up, MACE was higher in pre-DM versus NG (P < 0.05). In pre-DM metformin patients, MACE was lower compared with pre-DM patients (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Metformin therapy may reduce the high risk of cardiovascular events in pre-DM patients by reducing coronary endothelial dysfunction.
Östemperleme İşleminin CBN Kesici Takım Gerilmeleri Üzerindeki Etkisinin Nümerik Simülasyonu
Authors: GÖK Kadir , GÖK Arif
Published: February 2019

Bu çalışmada, östemperleme
işleminin kesici takım gerilmeleri üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Deneysel
çalışmalardan elde edilen kesme kuvvetleri (esas kesme kuvveti, ilerleme kesme
kuvveti ve pasif kuvvet) ANSYS Workbench programında, kesici takımdaki, talaş
yüzeyi, esas kesici kenar ve yardımcı kesici kenar üzerine 3 boyutlu olarak
uygulanmıştır. Östemperleme sürecinin rolünü vurgulamak için, ilk olarak
Küresel Grafitli Dökme Demir (KGDD) numuneler 900°C de 60 dakika tuz banyosunda
östenitlenmiş, daha sonra 60 dakika boyunca 250°C ve 325°C deki bir tuz
banyosunda ısıl işlem yapılmıştır. Analizler sonunda, kesici takım üzerindeki
eş değer gerilme (vonMises), kayma gerilmesi (Tresca), X, Y ve Z yönlerindeki
normal gerilmeler heaplanmıştır.
Aplicações do Crowdsourcing na Gestão de Marketing
Authors: Toledo Luciano Augusto , Madeira Adriana Beatriz , Garber Marcos Fernando , Aguero Felix Hugo
Published: February 2019

Crowdsourcing é um termo recém-desenvolvido que se refere ao processo de coparticipação das atividades de uma empresa por meio de uma comunidade online, de forma aberta e/ou fechada.  Qualquer membro desta comunidade pode completar tarefas atribuídas e ser pago ou não. Apesar de ter origem no setor de computação, as empresas começaram a usar crowdsourcing para uma variada gama de tarefas. Verifica-se que as empresas estão utilizando crowdsourcing para a consecução das tarefas relacionadas com o mercado, concentrando-se em três grandes áreas: desenvolvimento de produto, publicidade, promoção e pesquisa de marketing. Este trabalho fará uso da pesquisa qualitativa por meio do método do caso. A unidade de análise a ser utilizada será as atividades de marketing embasadas no crowdsourcing. Por fim os sujeitos de estudo para a compreensão do fenômeno a ser estudado foram COCA COLA, PEPSICO, NETFLIX e AMAZON.
Risk Factors and Pathophysiology of Contrast- Induced Nephropathy after Contrast Enhanced Multidetector Computed Tomography
Authors: Karmazanovsky G. G. , Revishvili A. Sh.
Published: February 2019

Introduction.The number of contrast enhanced MDCT is growing everywhere. The risk adverse events after intravascular injection of contrast media increased also. One of these adverse events is an acute renal injury (known in the literature as a “contrast-induced nephropathy, CIN”). Literature data are often contradictory. We need an objective analysis of information on the incidence of CIN and evaluation of risk groups for MDCT-CIN.

Theaimof the study: the evaluation of factors affecting the development of CIN, understanding of its pathophysiology, including patients with diabetes mellitus, at contrast-enhanced MDCT.

Material and methods. 62 English-language scientific publications, the full text of which and bibliography is available for search in PubMed (2013–2016 years), were analyzed. Factors of pathophysiology of CIN were divided into groups and subgroups for critical analysis and understanding the contraindications to the use of contrast-enhanced MDCT in the diagnostic process.

Results.Age older than 65 years, low baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), diabetes, low levels of serum albumin, hypertension predispose patients to CIN more often than the modified baseline serum creatinine. Intravenous injection of low osmolar CM is not a risk factor in patients with eGFR ≥45 ml /kg /1.73 m2. SCr levels may vary to levels greater than or less than 25% of baseline even without administration of iodinated CM and may not be a reliable diagnostic test.

Conclusion.The introduction into the everyday practice of screening CIN such test as the eGFR, considering the risk of CIN threshold level lower than 45 mL/ min / 1.73 m2, will reduce the risk of misidentification of CIN in a large number of adult inpatients with a threshold level of serum creatinine (SCr) > 1,5 mg /dl.
Post-Processing of Digital Radiographs in the Practice of Radiologist
Authors: Kamyshanskaya I. G.
Published: February 2019

The purpose: analysis of the use by radiologists techniques of post-processing of digital radiographs and the development of practical recommendations on their application.

Materials and methods.The technique of post-processing was taken for analysis: negative/positive; filters/optimization of dynamic range; the intensification of the contours and smoothing; image magnification; level/window width densities, and gamma correction. Compiled questionnaire, which the doctor and the radiologist had to answer the questions of how often he uses a particular technique of digital image processing; which, in some cases, the study of what organs he uses post-processing? In total, we analyzed 18 questionnaires and their own experience in digital x-ray machines since 2003.

Results.On the basis of interviews and our own experience, the author recommends that you always use the techniques of post-processing x-ray images, starting with the optimization of the dynamic range / filter, which greatly improves the quality of the picture.

Conclusions.1. Doctors radiologists in the majority of cases (83%) use the methods of post-processing to analyse digital radiographs. 

2. Additional option of post-processing are used most of the time (90–100%), this level and the window width, the intensification of the contours increase.3. Command path smoothing is applied in 1/3 cases (33%).4. Rarely used to optimize dynamic range and FonEqualize.5. Understanding all of the options post-processing of digital radiographs and their active use in practice of the radiologist, will improve the accuracy of x-ray, to avoid repeated shots, and as a consequence, to reduce the radiation dose of the patient.6. Recommended: start post-processing images with optimal dynamic range/filter; for detail is necessary – to change the level/window width, zoom in, sharpen the contours.
Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Magnetic Transfer Effect in Differential Diagnosis of Hemangiomas and Metastases of Liver
Authors: Sannikov M. Yu. , Borodin O. Yu. , Ermakova A. A. , Kolotushkina A. A.
Published: February 2019

Objective: to investigate the operating characteristics of contrast MRI of the liver using magnetization transfer effect in the differential diagnosis of hemangiomas and metastatic lesions in comparison with dynamic contrast.

Material and methods. The material of the study were dynamic contrast MRI images of 25 patients with diagnosis of direction of focal liver lesion. Inclusion criteria were detection of typical MR-semiotic for hemangioma (n = 10 to 40% of cases) or multiple liver metastases (n = 15 to 60% of cases).In the group with metastases exclusion criteria was the primary detection of obscure single focal lesions, as well as the diagnosis of other primary tumors, in particular cholangiocellular cancer (n = 1). All MRI studies were performed using MRI Toshiba Titan Octave with of 1.5 Tesla magnetic field. T1-weighted static contrast MRI investigation of liver performed after 3–5 minutes after a series of dynamic contrast MRI with modes: T1-FE-FSat and T1-TSEMTS (Δf = -210 Hz, FA = 600°). The magnevist at a dose of 0.1 mmol/kg was used as a contrast agent. Each focal liver lesion differentiated between hemangiomaand metastasis with the calculation of contrast ratio (CR) for each lesion. Statistical analysis of CR was performed using T-test and T-test Welch. The sensitivity and specificity parameters were compared during the ROC-analysis.

Results. In our statistical analysis groups formed not from patients, because we were compared results about focal lesions of a liver referred to metastasis or hemangiomas. All the patients included in a research had focal lesions mostly multiple and in the comparative analysis of contrast ratio in the T1-FE-FSat and T1-TSE-MTC was carried out on 21 (20%) hemangiomas and 84 (80%) metastasises. The significant (p < 10–4) contrast enhancement using T1-TSE-MTS, as in the case of hemangiomas and in metastatic lesions relative to T1-FE-FSat revealed by comparing the CRs. No significant differences were found in the differentiation of hemangiomas and liver metastases in modes T1-FE-FSat and T1-TSE-MTS when paired comparison of ROC-curves (p > 0.18). No significant differences were found when paired comparison of CRs between hemangiomas in T1-FE-FSat mode and metastases in T1-TSEMTSimages (p > 0.8). An additive effect (sensitivity and specificity – 98.8% and 85.7%) occurs when we used to CRcomm=35.7% in T1-FE-FSat modes and T1-TSE-MTS.

Conclusions. 1. Contrast MRI using magnetization transfer effect allows significantly increase the contrast of focal liver formations on the type of hemangiomas and metastases. 2. The achieved contrast level in 2D TSE images with magnetization transfer effect of liver metastatic foci corresponds to that of hemangiomas in 2D FE mode. 3. Maximum parameters of sensitivity and specificity in the differential diagnosis of hemangiomas and liver metastases obtained by using 2D-FE-FSat and 2D-TSE-MTC in post contrast phase.
The Error of Differential Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cystic Lesion Using CEUS (Case Report)
Authors: Askerova N. N. , Askerova A. N. , Stepanova Yu. A. , Vetsheva N. N. , Glotov A. V.
Published: February 2019

The use of the contrast agent SonoVue has been allowed in Russia since June 2014. Since then, russian experts have been accumulating their own experience in the contrast agent application for various diseases. The analysis of the obtained data showed that, besides the typical characteristics of the lesions enhancement, described in the literature, there can be atypical cases due to various causes (longterm course of the disease, co-morbidity). We present a clinical case of pancreas cystic lesion in female patient, that was misunderstood as a cystic tumor preoperatively. Considering the epithelial lining nature, absence of the accurate signs of the presence of an ovarian-like stroma, and also the significant secondary changes in the cystic wall such as hyalinosis, cholesterol deposits and macrophage accumulations, the lesion was interpreted as a long-standing pancreatic retention cyst with secondary changes by a morphological study. The features of the enhancement patterns of this lesion can be explained by the presence of significant secondary changes in the wall of cyst, that was first diagnosed in this patient 10 years ago.
CT in the Assessment of the Depth of Tumor Invasion of Colon Cancer
Authors: Beketova O. G. , Silanteva N. K. , Berezovskaya T. P.
Published: February 2019

Objective: to study the symptoms of tumor lesions of colon and to determine the CT criteria for assessing the depth of tumor invasion in patients with colon cancer.

Materials and methods. CT data were analyzed at 121 patients with colon cancer. All patients were fully resected and CT data were compared with data of morphological studies. Staging was performed according to TNM classification 7th ed. (2009).

Results.We evaluated CT symptoms of tumor lesions in comparison with the data of pathological category T (pT): type of tumor, its structure, the condition of the external colon contour, the state of paracolon fat and its density, the presence of fat image between the tumor and adjacent organs and tissues, CT signs of invasion of malignant process in the neighboring organs and adjacent structures. For tumors with extraintestinal growth (T3–4 category) are characteristic CT symptoms: tumor heterogeneous structure (p < 0.001) with a fuzzy outer contour of the colon in the affected area (p < 0.05), the presence of changes in the paracolon fat whose density −76,95 HU and more, the invasion into adjacent organs at T4 category. The diagnostic efficiency of CT in determining T3–4 category was as follows: 90.9% accuracy, sensitivity 93.6%, specificity of 81.5%.

Conclusions. Computed tomography is a highly informative method for determining extraorgan spread of colon cancer, which allows to determine the amount of preoperative surgical treatment and adjust treatment tactics.
Efficacy of 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT PET/CT for Assessment of Chemoradiotherapy in Patient with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (Clinical Observation)
Authors: Meshcheryakova N. A. , Dolgushin M. B. , Borisova T. N. , Davydov M. M. , Laktionov K. K.
Published: February 2019

PET/CT offers the most advanced possibilities for visualization of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) nowadays. 18F-FDG PET/CT plays a significant role in staging of NSCLC, choosing of treatment strategy, planning of radiation therapy and evaluation of its efficacy. Clinical observation of the patient with non-small cell lung cancer with response assessments by 18F-FDG and 18FFLT PET/CT during the course of chemoirradiation is demonstrated. There was a correlation between 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT PET/CT with advantage of 18F-FLT PET/CT for early response evaluation. The combination of 18F-FDG and 18FFLT PET/CT will be helpful to personalize chemoirradiation and to predict response more accurately. The presented clinical case demonstrated the possibilities of 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT PET/CT for assessment of treatment efficacy in patient with non-small cell lung cancer.
Diagnostic Value of 1st and 2nd Generation Computer Aided Detection Systems for Mammography: a Comparative Assessment
Authors: Pasynkov D. V. , Egoshin I. A. , Kolchev A. A. , Kliouchkin I. V. , Busygina O. V.
Published: February 2019

Aim: to compare the diagnostic efficacy of generation I and II computer aided detection (CAD) systems for mammography of our own design using the large set of unselect ed mammography images obtained in a routine clinical practice settings.

 

Material and methods. Both CADs were tested on the set of 1532 mammography images of 356 women with confirmed breast cancer (BC). We assessed their value in the detection of suspicious areas with various characteristics located on the different density background. Size of BC lesions varied from 4 to 35 mm (mean – 13,4 ± 6,3 mm). We excluded BC representing only with microcalcification clusters from this analysis, because this task is solved using the separate universal module compatible with both CADs.

Results. For I and II generation CADs we obtained the following results: detection of small nodular BCs (≤10 mm) – 41 of 52 (78.85%) and 48 of 52 (92.31%; p > 0.05), respectively; detection of BCs visible as asymmetric areas – 18 of 18 (100%) and 13 of 18 (72.2%; p > 0.05), respectively; detection of only partially visible masses – 15 of 18 (83.3%) and 17 of 18 (94.4%; p > 0.05); detection of lesions poorly visible or invisible on standard mammography images due to the high density background (C-D types according to the ACR 2013 classification) – 9 of 16 (56.3%) and 7 of 16 (70.0%; p = 0.046). Total detection rate was 88.76% (316 of 356 cases) – for CAD I and 90.73% (323 of 356 cases; р > 0.05) – for CAD II. Mean false positive marks rate was 1.8 and 1.3 per image, respectively, – for ACR А-В images and 2.6 and 1.8 per image, respectively – for ACR C-D images (p < 0.05).

Conclusion. Generally the diagnostic value of CAD II is not inferior that of CAD I in all analyzed situations, except the poorly visible or invisible lesions on the dense breast background. Moreover, CAD II is probably superior CAD I in the detection of spiculated small masses. The rate of false positive marks was significantly higher for CAD I.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Traumatic Injuries Knee Joint
Authors: Abdusharipov M. A. , Matrizayeva G. D. , Abdullayeva D. K. , Khudayberganov D. G.
Published: February 2019

Purpose: verification of reliability of MRI signs of damage to the structures of the knee joint in comparison with the data of arthroscopy knee joints.

Materials and methods. 59 patients were examined (59 knee joints: 41 right (69.5%) and 18 left (30.5%)) with various knee injuries, aged 17 to 49 years (mean age 33.6 years). All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging and medical diagnostic arthroscopy.

Results. The sensitivity of the MRI to the diagnosis of meniscus ruptures was highest: 91.7% for the lateral meniscus and 95.4% for the medial meniscus. At the same time, in the diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament ruptures, the MRI examination does not have such a high sensitivity (88.2%). In addition to the above features, MRI provides the ability to determine the damage to bone and cartilage structures. And also according to MRT it is possible to determine the plan of surgical intervention for tears of meniscuses and cruciate ligaments.

Conclusion. The obtained data confirm sufficient efficiency of MRI for diagnostics of damages of knee joint structures. Further improvement of methods and increase in experience of interpretation of images will probably reduce amount of false positive and false-negative results in the future.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Vagina and Pelvic Organs in Women who Underwent Antitumor Treatment for Female Genital Cancer
Authors: Aksenova S. P. , Nudnov N. V. , Kreynina Yu. M.
Published: February 2019

Objective. To clarify MRI semiotics of non-neoplastic changes in the vagina in women undergoing treatment for cancer of the female genital organs.

Materials and methods. 141 patients with suspected tumor vaginal involvement were included in the study. In all the patients, the diagnosis was confirmed morphologically. According to the study, a tumor lesion of the vagina was established in 96 (68.1%) patients, with primary vaginal cancer detected in only 11 (11%) of the examined, the largest number of cases was a secondary organ damage – 85 (89%). The basis for differential diagnosis was the results of a comprehensive MR-study of 45 (31.9%) patients who did not receive data for the new formation, but determined the posttherapeutic changes in the small pelvis. MR-studies were performed on a Toshiba Vantage Atlas, 1.5T. A multiparametric MRI protocol was used for the study of pelvic organs, including T2WI with and without suppression of fat tissue signal, T1WI, diffusion-weighted images, T1WI with dynamic contrast enhancement. For the purpose of moderate expansion of the physiological folding of the vagina, we used an MP-compatible plastic applicator.

Results. In the course of monitoring changes in the form of fibrosis of the dome of the vaginal stump were determined in 51.9% of observations, fibrous thickening of the vaginal walls with a narrowing of its lumen – in 18.5% of observations, prolonged edema of the vaginal tissues with a moderate change in anatomo-topographic relationships – in 73.3% of observations. In 12 (26.6%) patients with clinically pronounced fibrosis of the vaginal walls, strictures of different localization, accompanied by dyspareunia, dryness and increased bleeding of the vaginal tissues, even the possibility of examination was significantly limited, and MRI was practically the only complete differential diagnostic method.

Conclusion. Knowledge of the anatomy of the operated vagina made it possible to correctly interpret the revealed changes in the vagina, to perform a detailed differentiation between the unchanged tissues of the dome of the vaginal stump and its tumor lesion.
Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Elastometry (ARFI Elastometry) of the Liver in Normal Subjects, after Food Intake and Physical Effort
Authors: Megroyan A. A. , Kamalov Ju. R. , Krizhanovskaya E. Ju. , Filin A. V.
Published: February 2019

Purpose: the aim of this study was to assess the values of ARFI elastometry in normal subjects and effects of food intake and physical effort.Material and methods.ARFI elastometry measurements were done in 32 patients (20 (62.5%) volunteers and 12 (37.5%) potential liver fragment donors). Mean age of patients was 26.9 ± 5.3 years. The study was performed in fasting condition in right intercostals approach, while the patients were asked to stop normal breathing for a moment lying in supine position with the right hand placed above the head. For 20 volunteers ARFI elastometry was performed at 30 minutes after food intake (about 350 kcal) and at next day immediately after physical effort (20 squats). The study was performed using Siemens Acuson S2000 ultrasound system with a 6C1 transducer.Results.The stiffness of the right liver lobe in 32 healthy subjects was 1.16 ± 0.12 m/s (95% CI 0.92 ± 1.38), the mean liver stiffness values of 20 volunteers in fasting condition were 1,21±0,09 m/s (95% CI 1.06 ± 1.38), 30 minutes after the meal – 1.22 ± 0.12 m/s (95% CI 1.01 ± 1.43) (р > 0.05). Physical effort didn’t make significant influence on the liver stiffness measurements (1.16 ± 0.12 m/s vs 1.20 ± 0.07 m/s, р > 0.05).Conclusion.Liver stiffness value in healthy subjects was 1.16 ± 0.12 m/s (95% CI 0.92 ± 1.38). There was no significant influence of food intake and physical effort on the liver stiffness measurements.
PET of the Brain with 2-18F-2-desoxi-D-Glucose in Differential Diagnosis of Dystonia and Essential Tremor
Authors: Belenky V. V. , Stanzhevsky A. A. , Klitsenko O. A. , Skoromets A. A.
Published: February 2019

The purpose.The purpous of the present study is to compare the data of brain PET wih 2-18F-2-desoxi-D-glucose (18-FDG) of patients with dystonia with the results of patients with essential tremor (ET) by analyzing the data with the help of the new calculation method of Z-score of PET results.Materials and methods. In 2010 in journal “Medical Visualization” we published results of PET study with 18-FDG of brain of 11 patients, which have been divided in two groups: the group with dystonia – 7 patients and the group with essential tremor – 4 patients. Glucose metabolism was studied by means of Siemens Exacthigh resolution tomograph. The results were presented in semi quantitative form of percentage of change of glucose metabolism, without comparison with the healthy control. The calculation has been done by means of software package SPM2, installated to the personal computer (OS Windows 2000). Later the Advantage Workstation of the same tomograph, used for the study, was equipped by software package Cortex ID that allows automatic structural and functional analyzes of PET visualization of the brain in comparison with the scans of control group of the same age. The results of such comparison are calculated by this program in the equation of Z-score, that is calculated automatically by special program for each brain zone. In present study we applied Z-score for analyzing again the comparison of the PET results of these two disorders. The group of essential tremor remained the same and included 4 patients studied before. As to the second group of dystonia, we added to it 3 new patients, studied since aforementioned study of 2010, the whole group of D rising up to ten patients. In order to level the conditions of our research, we also compared the former group of dystonia of 7 patients with the group of essential tremor by means of Z-score method.Results. We have detected reliable difference between the group of dystonia and the group of essential tremor, presented in the form of different changes of glucose metabolism in 4 brain zones – left thalamus, right nucleus lentiformis, girus cingularis and the pons. Such result has not changed when we also compared the former staff of dystonia group of 7 patients with essential tremor group.Conclusion.The study has confirmed efficacy PET in differential diagnosis of extrapyramidal disorders and of Z-score method in PET investigations by means of establishing of the correspondence of cinical heterogeneity to PET heterogeneity.
Clinical and Radiation Diagnosisof Renal Arteriovenous Malformation
Authors: Askerova A. N.
Published: February 2019

Purpose:to analyze the results of preoperative diagnosis and treatment of patients with renal arteriovenous malformation and compare them with the literature data.

Materials and methods.5 patients with renal arteriovenous malformations were examined for the period from 2014 to2016 in the FSBI "A.V. Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery» MH RF, where simultaneously there are clinical departments of urology and vascular surgery, 4 of them were treated. All patients were female. The mean age was 31.8 ± 6.7 years (24–41 years). Ultrasound was done to all the patients in B-mode followed by a duplex scan using an abdominal 2–4 MHz convex. MDCT was performed in 4 patients out of 5. Patients underwent multiphase examination on a multidetector CT-scanner Philips Brilliance iCT-256 and Brilliance CT-64 (Philips Medical Systems (Cleveland) with the 120 kV and 100 kV protocols and an intravenous injection of the iodinated contrast agent. Digital subtraction angiography was performed in 3 patients.

Results.One-sided lesion occurred in four cases (3 of them (60%) right-sided and 1 (20%) left-sided), in one patient (20%) arteriovenous malformation was bilateral As a result of the analysis of our own material and literature data, the diagnostic criteria of renal arteriovenous malformations according to ultrasound, MDCT and digital subtraction angiography were studied in detail. The results of the examinations of 5 patients with demonstration of ultrasound, MDCT and angiographic images are presented with the visualization of the characteristic features of renal AVM. In addition, the treatment options for such patients with the possibility of preserving the kidney are described.

Conclusion.Duplex scanning is an effective method of diagnosis and postoperative follow-up of patients with renal arteriovenous malformations. Preoperative computed tomography and selective digital subtraction angiography provide accurate information about the renal angioarchitectonics and AV-shunts for choosing the treatment tactics and planning the surgical intervention.
Multiple Primary Synchronous-Methacronous Cancer of Kidneys and Prostate Gland (Clinical Case)
Authors: Morozova M. V. , Chekhoeva O. A. , Pyanikin S. S. , Galkin G. V. , Sokolova E. A. , Glotov A. V.
Published: February 2019

Primary multiple tumors are an independent emergence and development two or more neoplasms in one patient. Thus can be the struck not only different bodies of various systems, but pair bodies (mammary glands, lungs, etc.) also, and one body with multicentric defeat. Primary multiple tumors can be synchronous and metachronous. The increase in frequency of multiple neoplasms is noted in recent years.

A clinical observation of a 62-year-old patient with synchronous-metachronous primary-multiple cancer of both kidney and prostate gland is presented. A feature of this observation is multiple lesions of both kidneys, as well as the presence of two different morphological forms of renal cell carcinoma in one kidney (papillary and clear cell). The difficulty in identifying and differentiating kidney tumors with a cystic structure was due to the presence of multiple cysts of both kidneys of different types according to Bosniak.
Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Pancreas and Inorganic with the Secondary Invasion of the Pancreas (Clinical Cases and the Literature Review)
Authors: Pletneva V. Yu. , Kashtanova N. Yu. , Karmazanovsky G. G. , Stepanova Yu. A. , Kalinin D. V.
Published: February 2019

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is an extremely rare tumor of the pancreas. The content of stromal tissue in the pancreas is insignificant, this fact explains the extremely rare occurrence of mesenchymal tumors (less than 1% of pancreatic neoplasms). It has been described only 16 such cases in the world literature.

A clinical case of solitary fibrous tumor of the pancreatic head of a man 43 years old, illustrating the difficulty of diagnosis is presents in the article/ In order to emphasize difficulties in diagnostics we introduce you another clinical case of extrapleural solitary fibrous tumors of the retroperitoneal space of a woman 63 years old.

Pancreatic SFT and NEN cannot be reliably differentiated on the basis of lesion structure and contrast medium uptake. However, in most cases SFT will progradiently enhance due to abundant collagen stroma, leading to marked difference between delayed-phase images of SFT and NEN with cystic degeneration. SFT is a rare tumour and radiologist should be aware of its characteristics, particularly in the setting of NEN with cystic degeneration or atypical contrast uptake.