bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toll-like Receptor Agonists Enhance HIV-specific T Cell Response Mediated by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Diverse HIV-1 Disease Progression Phenotypes
Authors: Ruiz-Mateos Ezequiel , Jimenez-Leon Maria Reyes , Gasca-Capote Carmen , Tarancon-Diez Laura , Dominguez-Molina Beatriz , Lopez-Verdugo Macarena , Ritraj Ryan , Alvarez-Rios Ana Isabel , Vitallé Joana , Bachiller Sara , Pérez-Gómez Alberto , Espinosa Nuria , Roca-Oporto Cristina , Benhnia Mohamed Rafii-El-Idrissi , Gutierrez-Valencia Alicia , López-Cortés Luis Fernando
Published: June 2022

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) sense viral and bacterial products through Toll-like receptor (TLR)-7 and -9 and translate this sensing in Interferon-α (IFN-α) production and T cell polarization. These cells are considered a link between innate and adaptive immunity, inducing and maintaining antigen-specific T cell responses and contributing to the control and eventually to the chronic immune activation and disease progression in HIV-1 infection scenario. The understanding of the mechanisms involved in pDCs stimulation may contribute to immunotherapeutic strategies aiming to decrease HIV-1 reservoir. The objective of the present study was to characterize the immunomodulatory effects of TLR agonist stimulations through a pDC/T cell coculture in different HIV-1 disease progression phenotypes and healthy donors (HD). pDCs were previously stimulated with AT-2-HIV-1, CpGA, CpGC and GS9620. After coculture with autologous CD4 or CD8 T cells we observed an increase of pDCs activation markers levels, interferon related genes, HIV-1 restriction factors and cytokines levels. This pDCs coordinate activation was prominent with CpG-C and GS9620 and induced an increase of HIV-specific T cell response. This pDCs dependent HIV-1 specific T-cell response was associated with the upregulation of HIV-1 restriction factors and IFN-α production. Interestingly, pDCs activation in people on ART was similar to that found in people that spontaneously control the virus. These results shed light on the mechanisms associated with TLR-specific pDCs stimulation associated with T cell polarization for eliciting antiviral response which is essential for HIV eradication strategies.
Humoral Immune Response to Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccination at the 3rd Month among People Living with HIV
Authors: Wu Songjie , Zou Shi , Ming Fangzhao , Wu Mengmeng , Guo Wei , Xing Zhongyuan , Zhang Zhiyue , Liu Jinli , Tang Weiming , Liang Ke
Published: June 2022

Background: Research on the immune response to inactivated COVID-19 vaccination among people living with HIV (PLWH) is limited, especially among those with low CD4+ T lymphocyte (CD4 cell) count. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the humoral immune response to inactivated COVID-19 vaccination among PLWH compared to HIV negative controls (HNC) and to determine the impact of CD4 cell count on vaccine response among PLWH.Methods: The neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) and the specific IgM and IgG-binding antibody responses to the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine at the third month after the second dose of inactivated COVID-19 vaccination were measured among 138 PLWH and 35 HNC. Multivariable logistic regression and multiple linear regression models were conducted to identify factors associated with the seroconversion rate of antibodies and the magnitude of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers, respectively.Results: At the end of the third month after two doses of vaccination, the seroconversion rates of IgG were comparable between PLWH (8.7%; 95%CI, 3.9-13.5%) and HNC (11.4%; 95%CI, 0.3-22.5%), respectively. The median titers and seroconversion rate of nAbs among PLWH were 0.57 (IQR: 0.30-1.11) log10 BAU/mL and 29.0% (95%CI: 21.3-36.8%), respectively, both lower than those in HNC (P＜0.05). After adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, and CD4 cell count, the titers and seroconversion rate of nAbs were comparable between PLWH and HNC (P＞0.05). Multivariable regression analyses showed that CD4 cell count＜200 /μL was independently associated with lower titers and seroconversion rate of nAbs among PLWH (P＜0.05). A positive correlation was observed between the CD4 cell count and nAbs titers in PLWH (Spearman'sρ=0.25, P=0.034). Conclusion: Our study concluded that the immune response to inactivated COVID-19 vaccination among PLWH was independently associated with CD4 cell count, PLWH with lower CD4 cell count showed a weaker humoral immune response, especially those with CD4 cell count＜200 /μL. This finding suggests that expanding COVID-19 vaccination coverage among PLWH is impendency. In addition, aggressive ART should be carried out for PLWH, especially for those with low CD4 cell count, to improve the immune response to vaccines.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Hypothyroidism in Children with Sickle Cell Anemia Aged 6 Months -17 Years Attending the Sickle Cell Clinic, Mulago Hospital, Uganda; A cross- sectional study
Authors: Kaudha Gloria , Piloya Thereza , Musiime Victor , Kuteesa Mary Goretty , Namugerwa Shamimu , Owomugisha Gloria , Wachepa Stella Alinafe , Lubwama Sanyu Kirabo , Kiguli Sarah , Tumwine James K
Published: June 2022

Background
Sickle cell anemia (SCA) leads to chronic end organ damage including the thyroid gland. This is postulated to be due to recurrent hemolysis leading to iron overload, vaso - occlusive crises, micro-vasculature obstruction due to red cell entrapment and frequent transfusions. Hypothyroidism has been reported at a prevalence of 6% in children and adolescents with SCA. Hypothyroidism may affect brain and physical development. In this study, we determined the prevalence and factors associated with hypothyroidism among children with SCA attending the Sickle Cell Clinic (SCC), Mulago hospital in Uganda.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among children aged 6 months − 17 years with a confirmed diagnosis of SCA, no prior diagnosis of hypothyroidism and in steady state attending the SCC in Mulago hospital. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and a blood sample obtained was used to measure thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4). Clinical hypothyroidism was defined as TSH level > 9 mIU/L and free T4 < 0.6 ng/dL [primary hypothyroidism] or normal or low TSH level and free T4 < 0.6 ng/dL [central hypothyroidism]. Sub-clinical hypothyroidism was TSH ranging between 4.5 and10 mIU/L with normal age appropriate free T4 levels. Multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to determine the factors associated with hypothyroidism. A p < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results
Of the 332 children enrolled, 50.3% (167/332) were female; median age (IQR) was 6 (3–10) years. Sixty (18.1%) participants had hypothyroidism (95% CI: 14.3 — 22.6) and all the 60 had sub-clinical hypothyroidism. Factors associated with hypothyroidism included constipation [aOR: 3.1, 95% CI:1.0 — 9.0, p = 0.043] and male sex [aOR:2.0, 95% CI:1.1— 3.5, p = 0.025].
Conclusions
Approximately 1 in 5 children (18.1%) had hypothyroidism. Males and children who presented with constipation were more likely to have hypothyroidism. This suggests that clinicians should screen all children with SCA who present with constipation for hypothyroidism and those found with hypothyroidism should be treated appropriately to improve their growth and quality of life.
Dynamic Patterns of Gene Expression and Regulatory Variation in seed coat of Maize
Authors: Li Juan , Wang Liangfa , Wan Jiong , Dang Kuntai , Lin Yuan , Meng Shujun , Qiu Xiaoqian , Wang Qiyue , Zhao Jiawen , Mu Liqin , Luo Hongbing , Ding Dong , Chen Zehui , Tang Jihua
Published: June 2022

Background：Seed size is an important factor contributing to maize yield, of which the molecular mechanism remains elusive. Seed coat, serves as one of the three components of maize grain, determines the seed size to a certain extent. The seed coat is a complete maternal genotype and is an ideal material for studying heterosis.ResultsIn this study, the self-pollinated seeds of maize hybrid Yudan888 and its parental lines were continuously collected from 0DAP to 15DAP for phenotyping, cytological observation and RNA-seq. The phenotypic data showed that 3DAP and 8DAP are the best time points to study maize seed coat heterosis. Cytological observations indicated that heterosis in maize seed coat was dependent much on cell numbers other than cell size. Furthermore, RNA-seq indicats that the number of non-additive genes changed significantly. However, the number of genes expressed in heterozygotes and the number of genes expressed additively were not significantly different. Our findings suggest that seed coat heterosis, in hybrid Yudan888, is the result of non-additive expression caused by the dynamic changes of genes at different time points along seed expanding and seed coat development. This dynamic change suggests that a dose effect of gene expression results in Yudan888 seed coat heterosis. Go enrichment and KEGG analysis indicated that genes related to DNA replication, cell cycle regulation, circadian rhythms and metabolite accumulation contributed significantly to Yudan888 seed coat heterosis.ConclusionThe maize seed coat area phenotyping allows us to infer that 3DAP and 8DAP are important time points in the study of seed coat heterosis. Our findings provide evidence for genes involved in DNA replication, cell cycle regulation, circadian rhythms and metabolite accumulation in hybrid with high or low parental expression as major contributors to Yudan888 seed coat heterosis.
Antiviral activity of new flavonoids-containing phytopreparation against human alphaherpesvirus 2, hepatitis C virus, and coronavirus
Authors: Galkin Alexander , Arkhypova Maryna , Starosyla Daria , Deriabin Oleg , Vasylchenko Oleksandr , Rybalko Svitlana , Golembiovska Olena
Published: June 2022

The antiviral activity of the complex phytopreparation (alcohol tincture of Filipendula vulgaris, Petroselinum crispum, Apium graveolens radices; Galium verum, Linaria vulgaris herbs; Calendula officinalis flowers) was evaluated on the in vitro models of current uncontrolled viral infections: human alphaherpesvirus 2, hepatitis C (surrogate bovine diarrhea virus) and coronavirus of transmissive porcine gastroenteritis (TGEV) and demonstrated its high antiviral activity to all tested viruses. The phytopreparation solution is an active inhibitor of human alphaherpesvirus 2, hepatitis C surrogate virus (BVDV), and TGEV coronavirus reproduction with a selectivity index of 80, 320, and 320, respectively. In the guinea pig genital herpes in vivo experimental model, it was shown that phytopreparation solution (dilution of 1:100) in case of a combined treatment regimen (per os + application) delayed the onset of the infection's first symptoms and reduced the time of disease duration. The index of phytopreparation therapeutic action was at the same level as the Acyclovir (reference antiherpetic drug). The investigation of phytopreparation's mechanism of antiviral action allowed supposing that it could be realized via the induction of αIFN, inhibition of RNA, and DNA synthesis.
Efficacy prediction of systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in breast cancer patients and their variations after Neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Ni Jingyi , Jin Conghui , Qi Xue , Xu Weiwei , Li Xinghui , Song Li , He Feng , Zhang Xunlei
Published: June 2022

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy prediction values of systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Methods: We registered a retrospective study include 72 breast cancer patients between February 2020 and January 2022. All patients had axillary lymph node metastasis receiving neoadjuvant therapy. Calculating PNI, SII before and after therapy were examined through blood routine. Chi-square test was used to compare the clinicopathological and laboratory parameters between groups. Using the logistic regression analysis to evaluate the prognosis values of the factors.Results: 18 patients (25%) achieved pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant therapy. The pCR rate of breast patients had significant relationship with ER, PR, HER-2, molecular subgroup, tumor size, vascular invasion, nerve invasion, N stage, clinical stage and chemotherapy regimen. Low ΔPNI, high ΔSII and higher ΔPNI-ΔSII score values had better prediction of therapeutic effect, especially the ΔPNI-ΔSII score.Conclusion: The ΔPNI-ΔSII score may be an effective efficacy prediction index in breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy, which can help to identify high-risk groups and efficacy evaluation.
Spatiotemporal Rainfall Projection in Majalaya basin, West Java, Indonesia under CMIP6 Scenarios
Authors: Sa’adi Zulfaqar , Rohmat Faizal I. W. , Stamataki Ioanna , Shahid Shamsuddin , Iqbal Zafar , Yaseen Zaher Mundher , Yusop Zulkifli , Alias Nor Eliza
Published: June 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Determination of total Arsenic (As) in Feed and Meat of the Chicken. A case study from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) Pakistan
Authors: Idrees Muhammad , Hussain Shah
Published: June 2022

Arsenic concentration was evaluated in different parts of the chicken and ingredients of the feed used for the chicken feed. Arsenic was found in different feed ingredients and parts of the chicken though variations were found in the concentration of arsenic in meat and feed samples. Chicken stomach and liver were the major parts of the samples where higher arsenic concentrations were determined. Arsenic concentration in feed ingredients and meat samples ranged from 0.00-0.013 mg/Kg and 0-0.1566 mg/Kg respectively. Arsenic concentration in N long thigh, N liver, N stomach and C breast were found higher than WHO/FAO permissible limit of 0.1 mg/Kg while in other samples it was found within the limits of WHO/FAO. Estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ) and cancer target risk (CTR) were used to assess the risk of arsenic for chicken users in KPK, Pakistan. EDI was found between 0.0562–0.224 mg/Kg. THQ were found lower than 1. Considering the presence of arsenic in feed ingredients and meat samples the present study is very useful and provide fruitful information for the users of chicken meat in KPK Pakistan.
Landscape Changes in a Critical Subtropical Coastal Wetland in Northwestern Mexico: Is Shrimp Farming a Driver of Concern?
Authors: Castellanos-Tapia Fernando , Fernández Guillermo , Ruiz-Luna Arturo , Cervantes-Escobar Aimée , Berlanga-Robles César A.
Published: June 2022

Coastal wetlands are critical ecosystems that are under intense pressure due to anthropogenic activities. In addition to urban growth and agriculture, shrimp farming has become one of the main drivers behind the loss of tropical and subtropical coastal wetlands. Despite its socio-economic importance, shrimp farming has high environmental costs worldwide. Consequently, it is essential to monitor shrimp farming at regional and local scales to determine if the resulting pressure on coastal wetlands is increasing. We analyzed land use/land cover (LULC) in the Bahía Santa Maria-La Reforma (BSMR) lagoon system in northwestern Mexico using remote sensing data to determine landscape and surface cover changes. We also projected future scenarios based on stochastic models and evaluated landscape metrics considering the effects of shrimp farming. Four LULC thematic maps (1985, 1994, 2002, and 2017) with overall accuracy values > 80% and two projected maps (2027 and 2037) were produced. Agriculture was the dominant LULC class in the BSMR coastal lagoon system, although saltmarshes appear as the most critical wetland type in the area. Shrimp farming, which was nonexistent in 1985, represented 4% of the total landscape in 2017. By 2037, this value is expected to increase to 5%. Saltmarshes showed negative trends due to the expansion of shrimp farming. Considering the importance of wetlands given their ecosystem services, this study highlights LULC changes due to economic activities and the need to improve management strategies to protect the wetlands of the BSMR coastal lagoon system.
Experimental study on the rise of aqueous foams in vertical pipes
Authors: Salazar V. S. Álvarez , Sigalotti L. Di G. , Ovando A. Medina , Klapp J. , Carvajal-Mariscal I.
Published: June 2022

In this paper we report experiments on the growth of dry foams
and their rise in thin vertical pipes of different circular
cross-sectional radii. Air injection at the bottom of the
pipes is performed at a constant flow rate by means of a single
capillary tube. The formation and rising of the foam was investigated
for two different cases: (a) when the top cap of the vertical
pipes is open and (b) when it is closed. We find that the position
and velocity of the foam front as well as the foam dispersivity are
both dependent on the pipe diameter and on whether its top end is
open or capped. When the top is open, the foam column grows faster
compared to the case when it is sealed. In pipes of small diameters,
the growth rate is nonlinear and faster than in pipes of large
diameters in which cases the foam rises at an almost constant rate.
As the diameter of the pipe increases, the size of the produced
bubbles also increases. In closed-top pipes the foams tend to be
more homogeneous than in open top pipes. The experimental observations
indicate that under foam drainage driven by gravity, the liquid flow
velocity across the Plateau borders is indicative of a drainage model
based on a plug-like flow in channels with fully mobile interfaces,
where viscous dissipation occurs only in the nodes.
Executive function difficulties among school-aged children during the COVID-19 pandemic: associations with home literacy environment, reading and screen media times
Authors: Tabullo Angel Javier , Canet-Juric Lorena , Abusamra Valeria
Published: June 2022

Several studies indicated that the COVID-19 pandemic and the containment measures it required (including social distancing, quarantine and school closure) had a significant impact on children’s mental health. The present study aimed to examine executive function difficulties at behavioural level in school children during the COVID-19 lockdown, and to analyze potential associations with home literacy environment, current reading and screen times. Data were collected from mothers of 210 children (9–12 years old) through an online survey. Significant increases in children screen times were observed, while most of them did not read for pleasure on a daily basis. Parents’ literacy beliefs and children’s current leisure reading times were negative predictors of executive function difficulties, which increased with videogame and internet exposure. Nevertheless, perceived changes on screen or reading times with respect to pre-pandemic levels were not associated with executive function scores. The results might indicate: 1) opposite effects of literacy and screen times over children’s executive functioning; 2) a preference for reading or screen recreational use according to their executive function profiles; or 3) a combination of both. Our findings highlight the relation of reading and screen times with children’s cognitive development, and the importance of following their trajectory during post-pandemic times.
Relativity and View Effects
Authors: Fischli Bernard
Published: June 2022

This paper describes a new interpretation of relativity.The concept of rest frames of the observer and the object clarifies the initial assumptions used in General Relativity and underlines the necessity to review whatever impacts relativity. Relativistic view effects modifying the path of information carriers are examined in addition to interactions. The Ehrenfest paradox is solved, and it is not compatible with a curved space. View effects specific to each point of view are the solution. The concept of a seen speed is introduced.The calculation of the deflection of light by the sun explains in detail why the deflection angle must be double the value obtained with Newton’s laws. This is due to gravitation as well as to relativistic view effects. As already noted by Einstein the deflection of light can only take place if the speed of light varies in vacuum. This is done by gravitation.The compatibility of General Relativity with the new interpretation is discussed. The main argument for this compatibility is due to the use in General Relativity of a Pseudo-Riemannian geometry describing intrinsic views which introduce the rest frame concept. They are compatible with view effects. Differences subsist regarding energy.Relativistic energy is examined. The relationship of Special Relativity between speed and energy is confirmed for electromagnetism where path speeds are limited to the speed of light. Such speed limits do not apply to gravitation where total energy is composed of rest mass energy plus a kinetic energy as defined in classical mechanics.Relativistic view effects are specific to electromagnetism. When gravitation acts on objects that transfer their path information by photons, the paths of these photons will be impacted by view effects modifying that information.
APPLYING OF MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS FOR INCREASING STUDENTS SATISFACTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS AS AN INDICATOR OF TRUST IN SOCIETY
Authors: Rosokhata А. , Minchenko M. , Nesterenko V. , Yatskova Y.
Published: June 2022

The article proposes the hypothesis that one of the indicators of public confidence may be the degree of satisfaction of higher education students with the educational program of the professional field in which they acquire knowledge and skills. Systematization of literature sources and approaches to solving the problem of compliance of educational programs with market expectations has shown that today the issue of modernization and constant implementation of innovations in the educational process remains relevant. The urgency of solving this scientific problem is that the introduction of innovative approaches to increase student satisfaction in each university is the basis for increasing confidence in society, because it increases their professional level and skills are quickly implemented in the labor market and positive feedback from employers. In order to assess the degree of student satisfaction, a marketing study was conducted by questionnaire among applicants for the educational level "Bachelor" and "Master" majoring in "Marketing". The article presents the results of empirical analysis of this marketing research, which shows a high level of student satisfaction with the educational program, but at the same time reflects the desire of students to gain more practical skills through non-formal education such as workshops, round tables, trainings, seminars with practitioners. business games, etc. According to the results of the analysis, it is proposed to create an innovative product within the educational process additional course of non-formal education for students majoring in "Marketing" to improve practical skills, rapid and adaptive soft skills and increase personal professional efficiency and self-management. The results of the study and the proposals provided can be useful for structural units that provide educational services in the field of "Marketing", as well as for institutions that research tools and implement measures to increase public confidence, especially in areas related to youth trust.
ÇOCUK HAKLARI SÖZLEŞMESİNE TARAF OLMAYAN ÜLKE: AMERİKA BİRLEŞİK DEVLETLERİ
Authors: YAMAN Fikret
Published: June 2022

1990 yılında yürürlüğe giren Birleşmiş Milletler (BM) Çocuk Haklarına Dair Sözleşme, uluslararası insan hakları belgeleri arasında en yaygın kabul gören Sözleşme konumundadır. Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, mezkûr Sözleşmenin hazırlanmasında aktif olarak yer almış ve diğer ülkelerin Sözleşmeyi imzalaması ve onaylaması için girişimlerde bulunmuştur. Bununla birlikte, ABD, BM üyesi bütün ülkeler (196 ülke) içinde Sözleşmeye taraf olmayan tek ülkedir. ABD, Sözleşmenin hazırlanmasındaki öncü rolü ve yöneltilen bütün eleştirilere rağmen Sözleşmeye taraf olmama tutumunu sürdürmektedir.

Aile kurumuna zarar verme ve ebeveynlerin çocuklarını kendi inançlarını göre yetiştirme hakkını ihlal etme iddiaları başta olmak üzere ABD’nin mezkûr Sözleşmeye neden taraf olmaması ile ilgili temel argümanların Türkiye kamuoyuna bilimsel anlamda ilk defa taşınıyor olması bu çalışmayı önemli kılmaktadır.
Hygienic assessment of carcinogenic health risks associated with contamination of depositing media with heavy metals
Authors:   The Orenburg State Medical University, 6 Sovetskaya Str., Orenburg, 460000, Russian Federation, Boev V.M. , Zelenina L.V. ,   The Orenburg State Medical University, 6 Sovetskaya Str., Orenburg, 460000, Russian Federation, Kudusova L.H. ,   The Orenburg State Medical University, 6 Sovetskaya Str., Orenburg, 460000, Russian Federation, Kryazheva E.A. ,   The Orenburg State Medical University, 6 Sovetskaya Str., Orenburg, 460000, Russian Federation, Zelenin D.O. ,   The Orenburg State Medical University, 6 Sovetskaya Str., Orenburg, 460000, Russian Federation
Published: June 2022

In nature there are depositing media which are relatively stable macrosystems. Their contamination that occurs due to long-term exposure to contaminants influences population health and this is especially vital for urbanized territories with large city-forming enterprises. Our research goal was to perform hygienic assessment of carcinogenic risks for population health under exposure to heavy metals contained in depositing media. We analyzed long-term data on contents of heavy metals in such accumulating media as soils and foods collected in 2005–2018. The data were taken from the reports on social and hygienic monitoring and statistical reports provided by the Orenburg Regional Office of the Federal State Statistics Service. Carcinogenic risks were assessed in accordance with the Guide R 2.1.10.1920-04. We used data provided by the territorial section of the National Cancer Registry to analyze prevalence of oncologic diseases of the digestive organs. We performed correlation analysis to examine correlations between the analyzed factors. The total carcinogenic risk under multi-route introduction of heavy metals from such depositing media as soils and foods has turned out to be unacceptable and amounts to 1.5E-04. The total population carcinogenic risk caused by exposure to heavy metals can reach 85 additional cases of malignant neoplasms over an averaged exposure period which is equal to 70 years. Heavy metals were detected in soils, nickel, cadmium, and chromium VI included, that produced statistically authentic effects on occurrence of malignant neoplasms in the digestive organs. We established an authentic correlation between developing malignant neoplasms in the digestive organs and concentrations of arsenic in foods. We didn’t detect any heavy metals with carcinogenic properties in such accumulating media as soils and foods in concentrations deviating from hygienic standards. But still, it doesn’t mean there is no negative influence on population health, notably long-term effects and developing malignant neoplasms.
How to minimize infectious health risks for elderly people (based on focus group data)
Authors:   Perm State Medical University named after Academician E.A. Wagner, 26 Petropavlovskaya Str., Perm, 614990, Russian Federation, Serova I. ,   Perm State Medical University named after Academician E.A. Wagner, 26 Petropavlovskaya Str., Perm, 614990, Russian Federation, Maslov U. ,   Perm State Medical University named after Academician E.A. Wagner, 26 Petropavlovskaya Str., Perm, 614990, Russian Federation, Korotin S. ,   Perm State Medical University named after Academician E.A. Wagner, 26 Petropavlovskaya Str., Perm, 614990, Russian Federation
Published: June 2022

This literature review focuses on practices aimed at mitigating infectious health risks for elderly people in acute care inpatient hospitals with multiple specializations. We revealed a necessity to create medical information centers; common reference centers for PCR diagnostics, sequencing, plasmid analysis, and MULDI-TOF; as well as to provide support and further development of bacteriological and hygienic service in medical and preventive organizations. Our review also dwells on theoretical solutions to issues related to minimizing infection risks in nursing homes and prospective approaches to providing infectious safety at home. A focus group was organized on May 20, 2021 at the E.A. Wagner’s Perm State Medical University of the RF Public Healthcare Ministry with its aim being to implement theoretical approaches into practices of minimizing infectious health risks for elderly people in Perm region within the “aging in place” paradigm. The sociological explication made it possible to fix the regional agenda on minimizing infectious heath risks for elderly people as per three basic directions: by improving living conditions, by improving care provided for elderly people at home, and by making elderly people’s lives more active as a way to support their immunity. All the discussion participants unanimously agreed both on assigning the primary role to the strengthened immunity as a way to minimize infectious health risks and on obvious absence of any drugs which would be able to resolve the issue. Experts believe adherence to conventional recommendations on how to improve elderly people’s immunity to be fundamental for infection risk mitigation. We should remember that some elderly people live in improper housing which should be renovated and adapted to basic needs of an elderly person. It is also important to develop the city environment taking into account elderly people’s habits and needs (they should be provided with a special place in the yard where they can communicate with each other, play board games or do physical exercises). Financial support should be given to “Inpatient hospital at home” program and to developing tools used to promptly minimize infection risks, for example, telemedicine which allows detecting certain alerting symptoms typical for communicable diseases (fever, complaining about cough and running nose, pains in the lumbar spine, decreased diuresis etc.)
Imbalance in lymphocyte composition and cytokine profile as a risk factor of vibration disease
Authors:   East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research, 3 12А mikroraion, Angarsk, 665827, Russian Federation, Boklazhenko E.V. , Bodienkova G.M. ,   East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research, 3 12А mikroraion, Angarsk, 665827, Russian Federation
Published: June 2022

To provide consistent functioning of the immune and nervous systems, both in normal conditions and in case of any pathology, is among the most significant functions performed by the cytokine system. It seems important to examine mechanisms underlying the well-coordinated working of the immune system since such studies can give grounds for developing certain criteria applied to assess risks of developing vibration disease (VD) and making prognosis for it. Our research goal was to identify peculiarities related to the balance in the phenotypic composition of lymphocytes and cytokines as risk factors of developing vibration disease. We estimated the phenotypic structure of lymphocytes by indirect immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies to CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD16+, CD20+, CD25+, and CD95+ molecules. IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, and INF-γ cytokines were determined in blood serum with the solid-phase ELISA method. We analyzed cytokine contents in patients with VD and established a statistically significant growth in levels of IL-8 and INF-γ and a decrease in IL-2 contents against the reference group. We also found certain differences in the correlations between lymphocytes and cytokines in patients with VD and healthy people. Thus, in patients with VD, there was a positive correlation between the absolute number of CD3+-lymphocytes and the level of the immune-stimulating IL-2 and a positive correlation between the quantity of CD4+-lymphocytes and IL-4 concentration. At the same time, having examined healthy people from the reference group, we detected a negative correlation between IFNγ and the absolute quantity of CD3+ and CD95+-lymphocytes. Therefore, the risk of developing and progressing vibration disease is to a certain extent associated with its pathogenetic peculiarities based, among other things, on complex functional relationships between lymphocytic phenotypes and pro-anti-inflammatory cytokines. In future this will allow substantiating new biomarkers in the additional VD diagnostics.
Microstructure models of cement: their importance, utility, and current limitations
Authors: Bishnoi Shashank , Bullard Jeffrey W.
Published: June 2022

Microstructure models seek to explain or predict various material properties in terms of the structure or chemical composition at scales of several hundred nanometres to several hundred micrometres. Such models therefore bridge the scaling gap between atomistic models and continuum methods, and consequently can help establish and validate scaling relations across those scales. Microstructure models have been applied to cementitious materials for at least four decades to help understand setting, strength development, rheological properties, mechanical behavior, and transport properties. This letter describes the current state of cement microstructure modelling in several areas that are important for engineering.  It is not meant to be an exhaustive review, instead highlighting the kinds of models that can now be applied to different aspects of cement binder behaviour. Special attention is paid to challenges or limitations of each kind of model. This is done to promote the judicious use and interpretation of models and especially to indicate where future research could make inroads on problems that are currently inaccessible to microstructure models.
Strategies among Women Entrepreneurs to cope and Sustain Businesses: A systematic literature review
Authors: Ahmad Saidah Hamizah , Mohd Kamal Nursyamimi Izzati , Idris Azira , Widayati Ani
Published: June 2022

Pursuing career in entrepreneurship is a big challenge for women during an economic crisis. The objective of this paper is to analyse the strategy of women entrepreneurship towards the challenging environment to achieve sustainable development. This paper reviews the existing article journal, research papers and case studies on the theory of woman entrepreneurship using the review protocol to analyse the business framework used during the crisis time. This paper analyses several strategies to be implemented by the women entrepreneurs that are hoped to contribute a framework for the interested parties to exercise the methods to create longevity of the business.
Keywords: Women Entrepreneurs; Sustain Business; Strategies
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i20.3325
First Cytogenomic Characterization of the Murine Testicular Tumor Cell Line I-10
Authors:   Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, Jena, Germany, Azawi Shaymaa , Barf Lisa-Marie ,   Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, Jena, Germany, Liehr Thomas ,   Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, Jena, Germany, Kankel Stefanie ,   Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, Jena, Germany, Rincic Martina ,   Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Salata 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Published: June 2022

After being established in 1967, the commercially available murine Leydig cell tumor line I-10 has been used in almost 50 published studies. I-10 has not been characterized, either at the chromosomal/ cytogenetic level or the genetic level, similar to many other murine tumor cell lines. In this study, we performed molecular karyotyping and multicolor banding-based molecular cytogenetics. A slightly hyperdiploid karyotype with 43 chromosomes was described. The main aberrations comprised several unbalanced translocations and three unusual rearrangements (two dicentric derivatives and one neocentric derivative). Nine regions showed copy number gains, and only five small chromosomal parts showed loss of copy numbers. A standardized translation of these imbalances in the human genome was performed, which showed a 63% overlap of the detected imbalances with testicular germ cell tumors, a 53% concordance with human spermatocytic seminomas and non-seminomas, and only a 36% overlap (approx.) of large copy number gains and losses were similar to the corresponding human Leydig cell tumors. However, no Y-chromosome was detected in this male-derived cell line. Overall, the I-10 cell line was found to be a testicular germ cell tumor model and cannot be treated as a model that is specific to human Leydig cell tumors. At best, it might be suited as a model for an early onset of Leydig cell tumors.
Assessing an Internet-Delivered, Emotion-Focused Intervention Compared With a Healthy Lifestyle Active Control Intervention in Improving Mental Health in Cancer Survivors: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Smith Isabelle S , Wallace Rebecca , Wellecke Cornelia , Bind Marie-Abèle , Weihs Karen L , Bei Bei , Wiley Joshua F
Published: June 2022

Background

Cancer survivors are vulnerable to experiencing symptoms of anxiety and depression and may benefit from accessible interventions focused on improving emotion regulation. CanCope Mind (CM) was developed as an internet-delivered intervention adapted from the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders to improve emotion regulation and support the mental health of cancer survivors.

Objective

This protocol aims to provide an outline of the CanCope Study, a trial comparing the efficacy of a Unified Protocol–adapted internet-delivered intervention (CM) designed for cancer survivors compared with an active control condition—an internet-delivered healthy lifestyle intervention, CanCope Lifestyle (CL). The primary aim is to assess and compare the efficacy of both interventions in improving emotion regulation, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and quality of life. The secondary aims involve assessing the mechanisms of the CM intervention.

Methods

This trial is a 2-arm randomized controlled trial that allocates cancer survivors to either CM or CL. Both interventions comprise 4 web-based modules and are expected to take participants at least 8 weeks to complete. Participants’ mental and physical health will be assessed via self-reported surveys at baseline (T0), between each module (T1, T2, and T3), immediately after the intervention (T4), and at 3-month follow-up (T5). The study aims to recruit 110 participants who have completed T4.

Results

The CanCope study began recruitment in September 2020. A total of 224 participants have been randomized to the CM (n=110, 49.1%) and CL (n=114, 50.9%) groups.

Conclusions

This is one of the first trials to develop and investigate the efficacy of a web-based intervention for cancer survivors that specifically targets emotion regulation.

Trial Registration

Australian Clinical Trials ACTRN12620000943943; https://tinyurl.com/b3z9cjsp

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/36658
Mind the Gap
Authors: Linton Megan Quaglia
Published: June 2022

New public management demands data-based decision-making. However, persistent data gaps for adults with developmental disabilities invisibilize this population in the policy process. This research identifies persistent data gaps in this sector as a result of decentralization, jurisdictional inconsistency and transinstitutionalization. To understand these gaps, I consider the role of neoliberalism in the process of the deinstitutionalization of large-scale residential institutions for persons with disabilities in Ontario. Austere provincial budgets have resulted in a waitlist of more than 15,700 adults with developmental disabilities who require residential services and supports. This waitlist results in the transinstitutionalization of persons with developmental disabilities, displacing them across ministerial borders. This research traces the provincial policy legacy of data collection regarding people with developmental disabilities to identify persistent data gaps and their impacts.
Effect of Myofascial Release as an Adjunct with Conventional Therapy on Range Of Motion and Pain in Post Traumatic Knee Stiffness
Authors: Gayatri Sunil Landge  , Dr. Amrutkuvar Rayjade
Published: June 2022

Post traumatic stiffness and pain are the two main complications which occur after any severe trauma to the knee. Fascia and muscular structures are the major causes for developing stiffness but they are ignored by many physiotherapists as they only focus on intra-articular causes of stiffness. Therefore less research work is available on the effect of myofascial release (MFR) on post-traumatic knee stiffness. Myofascial release can provide immediate effects on stiffness which can be more beneficial if given with conventional protocol of physiotherapy. So it is necessary to study the effect of myofascial release with conventional therapy. To study the effect of myofascial release as  an adjunct with conventional therapy on range of motion and pain in post traumatic knee stiffness,  24 subjects of post traumatic knee stiffness both males and females were selected. Their consent was taken and they were given conventional physiotherapy treatment  with  myofascial release  technique. Results  were obtained by  pre  test  and  post  test  assessment of visual analogue  scale  (VAS)  and  range  of  motion  analysis.  According  to  the  statistical  analysis  of  pre  test  and  post  test assessment it was found that myofascial release technique significantly improves the range of motion and reduces the pain of affected knee joints. MFR is effective in improving the range of motion and decreasing the pain of affected knee joints in case of posttraumatic knee stiffness when given with conventional physiotherapy protocol.
BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK MELALUI TEKNIK ROLE PLAYING TERHADAP PERILAKU BULLYING SISWA SMA
Authors: Wulandari Irma , Irmayanti Rima
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this research  was to determine the use of group guidance services with role playing techniques to overcome the bullying behavior of high school students.  Bullying behavior is a problem that is often faced by adolescent peer refusal to lead to the emergence of bullying behavior in students.  Increased cognitive abilities and awareness of adolescents can prepare teens to deal with stress and emotional fluctuations effectively, many adolescents cannot manage their emotions effectively.  As a result, adolescents are prone to anger, less able to control emotions, which can then lead to the emergence of various problems with negative emotions, one of which is bullying.  The method used in this research is a literature review that refers to previous studies and based on data from related sources.  Based on the results of several previous studies indicate that the implementation of group guidance with effective role playing techniques and helps in overcoming the bullying behavior of high school students.Keywords:    Bullying, Group Guidance, Role Playing
SELF DISCLOSURE DALAM KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL: KESETIAAN, CINTA, DAN KASIH SAYANG
Authors: Septiani Dila , Azzahra Putri Nabilla , Wulandari Sari Nurul , Manuardi Ardian Renata
Published: June 2022

Self disclosure dalam komunikasi interpersonal sangat berpengaruh bukan hanya pada  kehidupan sehari-hari tetapi juga di masa yang akan datang. Manusia merupakan makhluk sosial yang tidak bisa bergantung hidup sendiri, pun manusia mempunyai fitrah tersendiri yang diciptakan Tuhan, seperti kesetiaan, cinta dan kasih sayang. Hal itu sangat penting ketika berkomunikasi berlangsung. Self disclosure sendiri juga berarti keterbukaan diri yang mana setiap makhluk sosial yakni manusia harus mempunyai keterbukaan dirinya. Setiap manusia seringkali menutupi atau merahasiakan informasi dirinya terhadap orang lain, sehingga sebagian manusia tidak percaya akan kepada dirinya sendiri. Melalui komunikasi individu dapat memenuhi kebutuhan emosional dan meningkatkan kesehatan mentalnya. Belajar untuk memaknai apa itu kesetiaan, cinta dan kasih sayang pun sangat perlu karena dapat seseorang dapat mengalami berbagai macam kualitas perasaan dan membandingkan perasaan dengan yang lainnya. Kata Kunci: Self Disclosure, Komunikasi Interpersonal, Kesetiaan, Cinta, dan Kasih Sayang
Mathematical Modelling of Cervical Cancer Vaccination and Treatment Effectiveness
Authors: Goshu Masitawal , Abebe Alebachew
Published: June 2022

After breast cancer, cervical cancer is the second most frequent cancer
in women globally. The Human Papillomavirus is the most common cause of
cervical cancer. In this paper, we used a nonlinear ordinary
differential equation system to build a mathematical model of cervical
cancer with six compartments (the number of susceptible women,
vaccinations of susceptible women, the infected women with HPV, the
number of infected with cervical cancer, treatment individual, and
recovery class). The model is examined using the existence of bounded
and positive solutions, numerical analysis, sensitivity analysis, and
stability analysis of disease-free and endemic equilibrium points as a
function of R0 values. The numerical simulations of the system are
carried out using the ODE45 subroutine of MATLAB and the results are
revealed using graphs and biologically interpreted. Using numerical
simulation, applying vaccination and increasing treatment for everyone
can help to reduce and control the spread of cervical cancer.