bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring the Return on Investment of Training Modules of Electrical Protection and Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Using the Corrective and AHP Approaches
Authors: Salimian Farhad
Published: December 2021

The main purpose of this study is to calculate the return on investment of two training modules of electrical protection and uninterruptible power supply (UPS) using the corrective approaches applied to the basic model presented in previous research. In this study, first, the effect points of the training were identified using open questionnaires completed by experts. Then, its content validity is ensured by Lawshe, Waltz, and Basel approaches. Data on training costs were extracted through financial documentation and estimates. Details of measures, savings, internal supply, and so on were identified and cited to convert the observed effects into financial equivalents. Using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach, the role of training in comparison with other initiatives in each of the effects and achievements was determined, and the net financial achievements of the training were determined. The training return on investment for the electrical protection module was 243% and for the UPS module was 1637%.
Effect of Resident and Fellow Involvement on Outcomes of Sarcoma Surgery: A NSQIP Database Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jang Eugene S. , Artin Michael G. , Boddapati Venkat , Chan Chung Min , Spiguel Andre R. , Gibbs C. Parker , Scarborough Mark T. , Tyler Wakenda K.
Published: December 2021

Background. The complexity of sarcoma surgery often justifies surgical assistants of higher levels of academic training: senior residents, fellows, or co-surgeons. The association between the level of training of assistants and outcomes of these procedures has yet to be studied. Methods. The Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes comprising the “core” procedures for musculoskeletal oncology fellowships were gathered. After CPTs primarily capturing nononcologic procedures were excluded, the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database was used to find procedures with these CPTs. The severity of complications was assessed using the Severity Weighting of Postoperative Adverse Events in Orthopedic Surgery (SWORD) score. Resident/fellow presence was analyzed both as a binary variable and stratified by level of training. Results. In 159 cases meeting inclusion criteria, higher-level assistants were associated with increased rate of any complication (

p
=
0.006

) and greater need for transfusion (

p
=
0.001

) but also tended to be used in cases of longer duration (

p
=
0.001

) and with higher total work relative value units (wRVUs) (

p
=
0.001

). Multivariate analysis showed that while higher-wRVU procedures persisted as an independent predictor of increased complications (OR 1.028 per RVU unit,

p
=
0.002

), neither the presence nor level of training of assistants had an independent effect on complication rates. Other independent predictors of 30-day complications were treatment comorbidity (OR 3.433,

p
=
0.010

) and lower extremity location of the tumor (OR 4.393,

p
=
0.006

). Severity of complications did not differ between any of the groups on either univariate or multivariate analysis. Conclusions. Trainees of higher levels of academic training tend to be present for longer, higher-complexity musculoskeletal oncology cases, but the overall severity of complications from these do not significantly differ from lower-risk cases without trainees. Orthopedic oncologists may reassure patients that the presence of trainees and co-surgeons is not only safe but it may also help reduce the severity of complications in more complex procedures.
Factor Analysis about Indonesian Students’ Motivations to Study in China Based on Push‐Pull Theory
Authors: Yang Shuang , Ye Sheling , Li Haiyan
Published: December 2021

Based on the push‐pull model, the study is aimed at testing 116 China (Jiangsu Province) overseas students’ travel motivations with the methods of factor analysis，ANOVA analysis, and independent t‐test to explain internal and external factors, which influence overseas students’ travel decision, and further improve overseas students travel market. The results show that leisure and relaxation, togetherness and socialization, and knowledge and culture are top three push factors, while special festivals, historical sites, and financial budgets are top three pull factors. Among sociodemographic factors, gender differences, lengths of visit in China, and main income sources have significant differences in overseas students travel decisions. With “One belt, one road” initiative, travel industries should precisely understand overseas students traveling preferences, explore travelling market layout to balance economic benefits and cultural transmission, and develop overseas students’ traveling destination groups.
An Intersection Platoon Speed Control Model Considering Traffic Efficiency and Energy Consumption in CVIS
Authors: Ren Wenhao , Zhang Junyou , Li Li , Zhou Qian
Published: December 2021

This paper proposed an intersection platoon speed control model considering traffic efficiency and energy consumption in the cooperative vehicle-infrastructure systems (CVIS) environment. This model divides the control situation in detail according to the different state of signal lights at the intersection and splits the platoon that cannot pass the intersection completely. The optimization model is established by taking the traffic delay and energy consumption of the platoon as the control objectives, and the model is solved by using a genetic algorithm (GA). Finally, the simulation platform is built by SUMO traffic simulation software, MATLAB, and Python to verify the model. The simulation results show that the total number of queued vehicles, the maximum number of queued vehicles, and the mean travel time of vehicles decreased by 77.81%, 33.33%, and 10.95%, respectively. Besides, the total fuel consumption is reduced by 19.95%, the total emissions of CO2, CO, HC, NOx, and PMx decreased by 19.96%, 58.55%, 51.33%, 23.81%, and 37.51%, respectively. It indicates that the proposed platoon speed control model can effectively improve traffic efficiency while reducing energy consumption and pollutant emissions.
Persistent Atraumatic Knee Pain in a Teenage Female with Bony Protuberance Secondary to Hook-Shaped Osteochrondroma
Authors: Rao Adityanarayan , Pryor Joshua , Otero Jaclyn , Posa Molly
Published: December 2021

A 13-year-old female presented at her pediatrician’s office with a complaint of sharp, intermittent, right-sided knee pain that had been present for the previous three days without any known trauma and no association with activity. Her medical history was significant for fractures, and on physical exam, there was a hard mass palpated on the medial aspect of her distal thigh that was nontender, nonmobile, and without overlying skin changes. The plain radiograph findings were consistent with a hook-shaped osteochondroma of the right medial distal metaphysis. Orthopedics recommended conservative management with continued ibuprofen for pain and six-week follow-up with repeat radiograph to evaluate for progression. The follow-up radiograph showed no interval growth. However, due to continued pain, the patient had surgical excision of the osteochondroma six months after initial presentation, allowing her to finish her current soccer season. The surgery was successful, and the patient did well after operation with no residual pain.
Spatiotemporal Pattern Evolution in Global Green Trade Networks: Implications for Health Economics
Authors: Zhou Haiyan , Wei Shaobin , Xi Xun , Zhou Haitao , Hu Hao
Published: December 2021

Big health industry is an industry that provides whole process and all factor products and services for human comprehensive physical and mental health. With the increasingly close relationship between health and environment, green products take into account the characteristics of environmental protection, resource intensification, safety, and health, so that the green product industry for the purpose of health and environmental protection has become an important branch of the big health industry. To give a clear portrayal of changes in the global green product trade system, this study derives relevant trade data from the World Bank and the UN Comtrade and by analyzing the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of the global green product trade pattern from 2001 to 2018, and it explores the product structure and status changes of countries (regions) in the global trading system for green products. According to the research findings, the closely connected global trade network for green products continues to expand. This is a typical network comprising “smaller worlds”; the focus of green product exports has largely stayed unchanged, while imports are shifting from North America and East Asia towards North America, Europe, and the Middle East; the spatial structure of the network shows a transition away from the original transcontinental “dual arch” pattern with the United States at the core towards a “transcontinental + intracontinental” one characterized by the coexistence of “multiple arches” centering around Europe and Asia; the trade network adopts a “point-to-point” model, with no obvious interdependence and competition between countries (regions); furthermore, geographically proximate and culturally similar countries are prone to have closer trade ties. By clarifying the global trade network of green products industry under the background of big health industry, it will help to deepen the understanding of the relationship between participating countries, promote the long-term and stable development of national health industry trade, provide the public with more safe and harmless products, better meet the global public’s health needs, and effectively enhance the sustainability of public health.
Personalized Federated Learning with Semisupervised Distillation
Authors: Li Xianxian , Gong Yanxia , Liang Yuan , Wang Li-e
Published: December 2021

Heterogeneous data and models pose critical challenges for federated learning. However, the traditional federated learning framework, which trains the global model by transferring model parameters, has major limitations; it requires that all participants have the same training model architectures, and the trained global model does not guarantee accurate projections for participants’ personal data. To solve this problem, we propose a new federal framework named personalized federated learning with semisupervised distillation (pFedSD), which ensures the privacy of the participants’ model architectures and improves the communication efficiency by transmitting the model’s predicted class distribution rather than model parameters. First, the server adopts the adaptive aggregation method to reduce the weight of low-quality model predictions for the model’s predicted class distributions uploaded by all clients, which helps to improve the quality of the aggregation of the prediction class distribution. Then, the server sends it back to the clients for local training to obtain the personalized model. We finally conducted experiments on different datasets (MNIST, FMNIST, and CIFAR10), and the results show that the model performance of pFedSD exceeds the latest federated distillation algorithms.
18F-PSMA-1007 PET in Biochemical Recurrent Prostate Cancer: An Updated Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ferrari Matteo , Treglia Giorgio
Published: December 2021

Background. Prostate-specific membrane antigen- (PSMA-) targeted agents labeled with fluorine-18 (18F) have recently become available to evaluate patients with biochemical recurrent prostate cancer (BRPCa) by using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) or positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis about the detection rate (DR) of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT or PET/MRI in BRPCa patients. Methods. A comprehensive computer literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases for studies published through 17 May 2021 was carried out using the following search algorithm: “PSMA” AND “1007”. Only studies providing data on the DR of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT or PET/MRI in BRPCa were included. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled DR on a per scan basis. Results. Fifteen articles (853 patients) were selected and included in the systematic review, and ten were included in the quantitative analysis. Most of the studies reported a good DR of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT or PET/MRI in BRPCa including also patients with low prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSA) values. The DR of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT or PET/MRI was dependent on PSA serum values. The pooled DR was 81.3% (95% confidence interval: 74.6–88%) with statistical heterogeneity. A significant reporting bias (publication bias) was not detected. Conclusions. 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT or PET/MRI showed a good DR in BRPCa patients in line with other PSMA-targeted agents. The DR of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT or PET/MRI is influenced by serum PSA values. These findings should be confirmed by prospective multicentric trials.
An Immune-Related Prognostic Signature for Predicting Clinical Outcomes and Immune Landscape in IDH-Mutant Lower-Grade Gliomas
Authors: Xiao Gang , Gao Xuan , Li Lifeng , Liu Chao , Liu Zhiyuan , Peng Haiqin , Xia Xuefeng , Yi Xin , Zhou Rongrong
Published: December 2021

Background. IDH mutation is the most common in diffuse LGGs, correlated with a favorable prognosis. However, the IDH-mutant LGGs patients with poor prognoses need to be identified, and the potential mechanism leading to a worse outcome and treatment options needs to be investigated. Methods. A six-gene immune-related prognostic signature in IDH-mutant LGGs was constructed based on two public datasets and univariate, multivariate, and LASSO Cox regression analysis. Patients were divided into low- and high-risk groups based on the median risk score in the training and validation sets. We analyzed enriched pathways and immune cell infiltration, applying the GSEA and the immune evaluation algorithms. Results. Stratification and multivariate Cox analysis unveiled that the six-gene signature was an independent prognostic factor. The signature (0.806/0.795/0.822) showed a remarkable prognostic performance, with 1-, 3-, and 5-year time-dependent AUC, higher than for grade (0.612/0.638/0.649) and 1p19q codeletion status (0.606/0.658/0.676). High-risk patients had higher infiltrating immune cells. However, the specific immune escape was observed in the high-risk group after immune activation, owing to increasing immunosuppressive cells, inhibitory cytokines, and immune checkpoint molecules. Moreover, a novel nomogram model was developed to evaluate the survival in IDH-mutant LGGs patients. Conclusion. The six-gene signature could be a promising prognostic biomarker, which is promising to promote individual therapy and improve the clinical outcomes of IDH-mutant gliomas. The study also refined the current classification system of IDH-mutant gliomas, classifying patients into two subtypes with distinct immunophenotypes and overall survival.
On the Edge Metric Dimension of Certain Polyphenyl Chains
Authors: Ahsan Muhammad , Zahid Zohaib , Alrowaili Dalal , Iampan Aiyared , Siddique Imran , Zafar Sohail
Published: December 2021

The most productive application of graph theory in chemistry is the representation of molecules by the graphs, where vertices and edges of graphs are the atoms and valence bonds between a pair of atoms, respectively. For a vertex

w

and an edge

f
=

c

1

c

2

of a connected graph

G

, the minimum number from distances of

w

with

c

1

and

c

2

is called the distance between

w

and

f

. If for every two distinct edges

f

1

,

f

2

∈
E

G

, there always exists

w

1

∈

W

E

⊆
V

G

such that

d

f

1

,

w

1

≠
d

f

2

,

w

1

, then

W

E

is named as an edge metric generator. The minimum number of vertices in

W

E

is known as the edge metric dimension of

G

. In this paper, we calculate the edge metric dimension of ortho-polyphenyl chain graph

O

n

, meta-polyphenyl chain graph

M

n

, and the linear [n]-tetracene graph

T

n

and also find the edge metric dimension of para-polyphenyl chain graph

L

n

. It has been proved that the edge metric dimension of

O

n

,

M

n

, and

T

n

is bounded, while

L

n

is unbounded.
Abnormal Expression of Connexin43 in Cardiac Injury Induced by S-Band and X-Band Microwave Exposure in Rats
Authors: Yin Yue , Xu Xinping , Gao Yabing , Wang Juan , Yao Binwei , Zhao Li , Wang Haoyu , Wang Hui , Dong Ji , Zhang Jing , Peng Ruiyun
Published: December 2021

Although the effects of microwave exposure on the heart have gradually become the focus of domestic and foreign scholars, the biological effects caused by different doses and different frequency bands of exposure are still unclear. In this study, we will investigate the damaging effect of S-band and X-band microwave composite exposure on cardiac structure and function, as well as the pathophysiological significance of Cx43 in cardiac conduction dysfunction after exposure. We used S- and X-band radiation sources with the average power density of 5 and 10 mW/cm2 to expose Wistar rats to single or composite exposure. At the 6th hour, on the 7th, 14th, and 28th days after exposure, ECG was used to detect the electrical conduction of the heart, and the myocardial enzyme was measured by the automatic biochemical analyzer. We selected the observation time points and groups with severe damage to observe the changes of myocardial structure and ultrastructure with an optical microscope and TEM; and to detect the expression and distribution of Cx43 by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. After exposure, the heart rate increased, the P wave amplitude decreased, and the R wave amplitude increased; the content of the myocardial enzyme in serum increased; the structure and ultrastructure of cardiac tissue were damaged. The damage was dose-dependent and frequency-dependent. The expression of Cx43 in myocardial tissue decreased, and distribution was abnormal. Taken together, these findings suggested that the mechanism of abnormal electrical conduction in the heart of rats by S- and X-band microwave exposure might be related to the decreased expression and disordered distribution of Cx43 after microwave exposure.
Machine Learning-Based Grammar Error Detection Method in English Composition
Authors: Zhu Jianbin , Shi Xiaojun , Zhang Shuanghua
Published: December 2021

The detection of grammatical errors in English composition is an important task in the field of NLP. The main purpose of this task is to check out grammatical errors in English sentences and correct them. Grammatical error detection and correction are important applications in the automatic proofreading of English texts and in the field of English learning aids. With the increasing influence of English on a global scale, a huge breakthrough has been made in the task of detecting English grammatical errors. Based on machine learning, this paper designs a new method for detecting grammatical errors in English composition. First, this paper implements a grammatical error detection model based on Seq2Seq. Second, this paper implements a grammatical error detection and correction scheme based on the Transformer model. The Transformer model performs better than most grammar models. Third, this paper realizes the application of the BERT model in grammar error detection and error correction tasks, and the generalization ability of the model has been significantly enhanced. This solves the problem that the forward and backward cannot be merged when the Transformer trains the language model. Fourth, this paper proposes a method of grammatical error detection and correction in English composition based on a hybrid model. According to specific application scenarios, the corresponding neural network model is used for grammatical error correction. Combine the Seq2Seq structure to encode the input sequence and automate feature engineering. Through the combination of traditional model and deep model, the advantages are complemented to realize grammatical error detection and automatic correction.
Clone Selection Artificial Intelligence Algorithm-Based Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography Image Information Data Analysis for the Qualitative Diagnosis of Serous Cavity Effusion in Patients with Malignant Tumors
Authors: Wei Jing , Li Pingwei , Zhang Huai , Zhu Ronghua
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to investigate the application of positron emission tomography- (PET-) computed tomography (CT) image information data combined with serous cavity effusion based on clone selection artificial intelligence algorithm in the diagnosis of patients with malignant tumors. A total of 97 patients with PET-CT scanning and empirically confirmed as serous cavity effusion were retrospectively analyzed in this study. The clone selection artificial intelligence algorithm was applied to register the PET-CT images, and the patients were rolled into a benign effusion group and a malignant effusion group according to the benign and malignant conditions of the serous cavity effusion. Besides, the causes of patients from the two groups were analyzed, and there was a comparison of their physiological conditions. Subsequently, CT values of different KeV, lipid/water, water/iodine, and water/calcium concentrations were measured, and the differences of the above quantitative parameters between benign and malignant serous cavity effusion were compared, as well as the registration results of the clone algorithm. The results showed that the registration time and misalignment times of clonal selection algorithm (13.88, 0) were lower than those of genetic algorithm (18.72, 8). There were marked differences in CT values of 40–60 keV and 130–140 keV between the two groups. The concentrations of lipid/water, water/iodine, and water/calcium in basal substances of the malignant effusion group were obviously higher than the concentrations of the benign effusion group (

P
<
0.05

). Benign and malignant effusions presented different manifestations in PET-CT, which was conducive to the further diagnosis of malignant tumors. Based on clone selection artificial intelligence algorithm, PET-CT could provide a new multiparameter method for the identification of benign and malignant serous cavity effusions and benign and malignant tumors.
The Value of Vaginal Microbiome in Patients with Endometrial Hyperplasia
Authors: Zhang Hu , Feng Qiao , Zhu Zhanpeng , Dai Haiyan , Hu Hua
Published: December 2021

Objective. To investigate the profiles of the vaginal microbiome in patients with endometrial hyperplasia and to explore the potential value of vaginal microbiome in the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia. Materials/Methods. 26 patients suffering from abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) with thickened endometrium revealed by transvaginal ultrasonography were enrolled. Based on pathology, 12 patients with endometrial hyperplasia were classified as the Veh group and 14 patients with proliferative endometrium were classified as the Vne group. The vaginal samples were collected for the presence of microbial DNA by high-throughput next-generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. The α-diversity and ß-diversity of vaginal microbiome were analyzed and compared between bacterial populations. The ROC curve was made to evaluate the feasibility of flora as a biomarker. Results. The diversity of vaginal microbiome in the Veh group was significantly lower than that in the Vne group (

P
<
0.05

). Lactobacillus was the most represented genus in the Veh group. The study’s t-test between the two groups showed that Lactobacillus has the only significant difference in the abundance of the first 15 genera (

P
<
0.01

). ROC analysis of the abundance of Lactobacillus showed that the area of AUC was 0.83, the sensitivity was 93.00%, and the specificity was 75.00%. Conclusion. The study offers insight into the nature of the vaginal microbiome and suggests that surveying the vaginal microbiota might be useful for detection of endometrial hyperplasia.
A Study on Parents’ Willingness to Pay for Online Learning of Middle School Students Based on Perceived Value
Authors: Chen Guomin , Zhou Xiaoyong , Jin Yingwei , Liu Yang
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study is to conduct a mixed research from the perspective of customers perceived value and objective situational factors. The online learning platform for middle school students has a special situation of users (students) using and customers (parents) paying. When it studies the influencing factors of customers (parents) willingness to pay, it puts aside the interference of users’ using influencing factors and conducts a separate study. Firstly, the exploratory research based on the grounded theory carries out category extraction and model construction. Secondly, through empirical research to identify the specific relationship between the variables, we finally get the specific influencing factors of perceived value that affect customers’ willingness to pay. In objective situations, social influence directly affects customers’ willingness to pay. Online comments play a positive moderating role in the impact of perceived value on willingness to pay.
Numerical Simulation on the Boiling Flow Patterns of Al2O3-Water Nanofluid in Micro/Minichannel under Different Hypergravity Levels and Directions
Authors: Li Gen , Fang Xiande
Published: December 2021

Due to the influence of hypergravity that has a significant impact on the performance of heat exchanger in aircraft, which is crucial for electronic equipment on the plane and life safeties of pilots and passengers, a numerical study is conducted using Fluent 20R2 software to investigate boiling flow patterns under different gravity levels and directions. In this study, the thermophysical properties of nanofluids are analyzed, and select the most suitable theoretical model of thermal conductivity, viscosity, and surface tension for present simulations. Choose the grid structure of 122,116 after independence check for grid. The VOF approach is employed for present simulation, and the standard

κ
−
ε

turbulence model with nonequilibrium wall function is used. The UDFs for mass and energy source terms and thermophysical properties of nanofluid are developed for calculating the HTC of nanofluid. There are three different gravity directions with gravity levels from 1 g to 9 g. The results show that the flow pattern becomes the stratified flow with the gravity levels increasing when the hypergravity direction is perpendicular to the flow direction, and the HTCs decrease with the increment of gravity levels. The vapor-phase transform to circular when the hypergravity direction is the same as the flow direction, and the HTCs of the second half of the tube are decreasing with the increasing gravity levels. On the contrary, the vapor phase is elongated when the hypergravity direction is opposite to the flow direction, and the HTCs show the enhanced tendency.
Influence of Roadway Cross‐Section Shape on Gas Explosion Shock Wave Law in U‐Type Ventilation Working Faces
Authors: Liu Jiajia , Shen Mengqi , Chen Shouqi , Yang Ming
Published: December 2021

In U‐shaped ventilation working face, different tunnel section shapes are one of the important factors affecting the propagation of gas explosion shock wave. In order to study the propagation law of gas explosion shock wave in working face, the numerical simulation study was carried out by using Fluent simulation software combined with the actual situation of gas explosion in #415 working face of Chenjiashan Coal Mine in Shaanxi Province. By constructing a three‐dimensional mathematical and physical model, a simulation study of the upper‐corner gas explosion was carried out. The results are described as follows. (1) After the gas explosion shock wave propagates 40 m, the overpressure peak equidistant difference tends to be stable and attenuates and propagates in the form of a single shock wave. The study determines that the effective length of the U‐shaped ventilation inlet/return tunnel is 40 m. (2) When the tunnel section is trapezoidal, the initial overpressure of the gas explosion shock wave propagating to the inlet/return airway is the highest, followed by rectangular and semicircular arches, but the internal overpressure attenuation trend of different cross‐sectional shapes is the same. (3) The gas explosion shock wave propagates radially along the working face section during the working face propagation. The farther away the location is from the upper corner of the tunnel during a gas explosion with different cross‐sectional shapes, the closer the cutoff overpressure peak is. The attenuation trend of overpressure with the propagation distance conforms to the power function law. The research results provide an important theoretical direction for the numerical simulation of gas explosions in coal mining faces.
The Influence of Trust on Crowd Logistics Enterprise’s Operational Performance: A SEM-PLS Model
Authors: Bin Hou , Yu Xue , Zheng Yanling , Jiang Yaohui , Wang Huanfang
Published: December 2021

With the development of information communication and satellite positioning, crowd logistics has gradually emerged as a popular urban distribution mode for logistics enterprises. Trust and synergy between the crowd workers and the crowd logistics enterprises have become key issues in urban logistics development. Based on commitment-trust theory and logistics synergy, this paper developed a theoretical model exploring ability trust, goodwill trust, logistics synergy, and crowd logistics operational performance. We used SmartPLS software to analyze the questionnaire survey from 50 senior managers in crowd logistics enterprises. The results show that ability trust has a significant positive impact on logistics synergy and operational performance. Logistics synergy was also found to increase the operational performance of crowd logistics enterprises and plays a mediating role in the impact of ability trust and goodwill trust on operational performance. We recommend that logistics enterprises evaluate their crowd workers’ service abilities, promote trust relationships with them, strengthen the construction of crowd logistics mechanisms, and invest in crowd worker training and development.
Association between General Anesthesia and the Occurrence of Cerebrovascular Accidents in Hip Fracture Patients
Authors: Wang Hu , Gao Lingyan
Published: December 2021

Background. General anesthesia is an important factor leading to postoperative complications, and cerebrovascular accidents take the first place in the causes of postoperative death. Therefore, it is extremely important to explore the correlation between general anesthesia and the occurrence of cerebrovascular accidents in hip fracture patients. Objective. To explore the association between general anesthesia and the occurrence of cerebrovascular accidents in hip fracture patients. Methods. The data of 240 hip fracture patients treated in our hospital from February 2017 to February 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, and the patients were divided into the general anesthesia group (n = 120) and nongeneral anesthesia group (n = 120) according to whether or not they received general anesthesia, so as to compare their incidence rate of cerebrovascular accidents between the two groups, record their hemodynamic changes, and analyze the association between various risk factors under general anesthesia and the occurrence of cerebrovascular accidents. Results. No statistical differences in patients’ general information such as age and gender between the two groups were observed (

P

 > 0.05); compared with the nongeneral anesthesia group, the incidence rate of cerebrovascular accidents was significantly higher in the general anesthesia group (

P

 < 0.001); between the two groups, the heart rates and mean arterial pressure (MAP) at 15 min after anesthesia, at the time of skin incision, and 15 min before the end of surgery were significantly different (

P

 < 0.05); according to the multiple logistic regression analysis, general anesthesia was a risk factor affecting the occurrence of cerebrovascular accidents in hip fracture patients, and under general anesthesia, age ≥80 years, BMI ≥23 kg/m2, types of anesthetic drugs ≥4, intraoperative blood pressure ≥140 mmHg, and intraoperative heart rate ≥80 bpm were also regarded as the risk factors. Conclusion. General anesthesia is a risk factor affecting the occurrence of cerebrovascular accidents in hip fracture patients, and under general anesthesia, age ≥80 years, BMI ≥23 kg/m2, types of anesthetic drugs ≥4, intraoperative blood pressure ≥140 mmHg, and intraoperative heart rate ≥80 bpm will further increase the possibility of cerebrovascular accidents.
Computing Correlation among the Graphs under Lexicographic Product via Zagreb Indices
Authors: Javaid Muhammad , Javed Saira , Alanazi Yasmene F. , Alanazi Abdulaziz Mohammed
Published: December 2021

A topological index (TI) is a numerical descriptor of a molecule structure or graph that predicts its different physical, biological, and chemical properties in a theoretical way avoiding the difficult and costly procedures of chemical labs. In this paper, for two connected (molecular) graphs

G

1

and

G

2

, we define the generalized total-sum graph consisting of various (molecular) polygonal chains by the lexicographic product of the graphs

T

k

G

1

and

G

2

, where

T

k

G

1

is obtained by applying the generalized total operation

T

k

on

G

1

with

k
≥
1

as some integral value. Moreover, we compute the different degree-based TIs such as first Zagreb, second Zagreb, forgotten Zagreb, and hyper-Zagreb. In the end, a comparison among all the aforesaid TIs is also conducted with the help of certain statistical tools for some particular families of generalized total-sum graphs under lexicographic product.
Identification of MCM4 as a Prognostic Marker of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Huandi , Jiang Le , Wang Guohui , Su Linlin , Hou Liubing , Xue Xiaoying
Published: December 2021

Object. Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide owing to its complicated molecular and cellular heterogeneity and its high incidence rate every year. It is an urgent need to search for new efficient molecular markers of HCC to reduce mortality and improve HCC prognosis. In this article, MCM4, a member of a family of proteins closely related to DNA replication and cell proliferation, was selected as a potential biomarker of HCC prognosis. Methods. MCM4 expression difference in HCC were analyzed from TCGA and GEO data and verified by real‐time PCR and western blot. ROC curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of MCM4 and AFP. Additionally, the relationship between MCM4 and stage or nodal metastasis status or grade or age in TCGA cohort with HCC was observed from the UALCAN website. The univariate and multivariate Cox and functional analyses were done to explore the prognostic value of MCM4 in TCGA cohort. Results. It was found that MCM4 was significantly highly expressed in HCC tissues from TCGA, GEO, and experimental data. Furthermore, ROC curve analysis showed that MCM4 was superior to be a diagnostic biomarker than AFP from TCGA (AUCMCM4 = 0.9461, AUCAFP = 0.7056) and GEO (GSE19665: AUCMCM4 = 0.8800, AUCAFP = 0.5100; GSE64041 AUCMCM4 = 0.8038, AUCAFP = 0.6304). AUC of MCM4 from real‐time PCR result in 60 pairs of HCC and adjacent tissues was 0.7172, demonstrating the prediction value of MCM4. Besides, different expression tendencies of MCM4 among different stages or nodal metastasis status or grade or age were observed from the UALCAN website. In addition, multiROC analysis showed the advantage of MCM4 as a survival prediction at 1, 3, and 5 years with the higher AUC at 0.69 of 1 year, 0.65 of 3 years, and 0.61 of 5 years. It was shown that MCM4 was independently associated with OS in univariate and multivariate Cox analysis. And GSEA displayed that MCM4 was highly enriched in KEGG_CELL_CYCLE signaling pathway following higher correlation positively with CDC6, PLK1, CRC1, and BUB1B in HCC. Conclusion. MCM4 might be a potential biomarker in guiding the prognostic status of HCC patients.
Construction Technology and Quality Control of Power and Electrical Engineering Based on Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Xiao Lei
Published: December 2021

In the context of the Internet era, more and more parties have begun to store, process, and analyze data, but the accompanying question is whether people are reasonable about the data under the impact of massive data, effective and efficient analysis, especially the problems faced in this project. This article aims to study the quality control problems faced by electric power and electrical engineering in the construction process through the use of convolutional neural networks. Under this idea, this article proposes a multilayer convolution method. The experimental results show that the use of the improved multilayer convolution method for the convolution method of the convolutional neural network can effectively improve the multiple analysis problems of small datasets in the construction of electric power and electrical engineering; in this way, the relevant data are analyzed; by controlling the quality of construction, the quality problem has been greatly improved. After comparison, it is concluded that the overall construction quality has increased by 35%.
Recreational Value Assessment of Urban Productive Landscape of Baguatian in Hangzhou Based on Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) and Cloud Computing
Authors: Zhang Jian-Guo , Jiang Jian , Zhang Rui
Published: December 2021

Cloud computing has achieved rapid development in recent years, and the use of cloud platforms to carry various large-scale services has become the general trend of the development of the information industry. This study investigates WTP of Hangzhou residents for the recreational value of Baguatian productive landscapes based on CVM and cloud computing. In this study, we did the related analysis on the social and economic characteristics and WTP of interviewees and made the monetization assessment about the recreational value of its urban productive landscapes. The result shows 62.1% of interviewees have WTP and the average payment intention (WTP) is $40.74 per year. Besides, the total recreational value of Hangzhou Baguatian productive landscapes is 354 million yuan; the relatively accepted payment mode is tax-paying and cash payment; the educational degree, occupational background, and income are the main factors influencing the tourists’ WTP and the correlation between interviewees’ origin, permanent residence, and WTP is not apparent.
Analysis and Application of Grey-Markov Chain Model in Tax Forecasting
Authors: Zhang Huidi , Chen Yimao
Published: December 2021

Tax data is a typical time series data, which is subject to the interaction and influence of economic and political factors and has dynamic and highly nonlinear characteristics. The key to correct tax forecasting is the choice of forecasting algorithm. Traditional tax forecasting methods, such as factor scoring method, factor regression method, and system adjustment method, have a certain guiding role in actual work, but there are still many shortcomings, such as the limitation from the distribution and size of sample data and difficulty of grasping the nonlinear phenomena in economic system. Grey-Markov chain model formed by the combination of grey forecasting and Markov chain forecasting can not only reveal the general developmental trend of time series data, but also predict their state change patterns. Based on the summary and analysis of previous research works, this paper expounds the current research status and significance of tax forecasting, elaborates the development background, current status, and future challenges of the Grey-Markov chain model, introduces the basic principles of grey forecasting model and Markov chain model, constructs the Grey-Markov chain model, analyzes the model’s residual error and posteriori error tests, conducts the analysis of Grey-Markov chain model, performs grey forecasting model construction and its state division, implements the calculation of transition probability matrix and the determination of tax forecasting value, discusses the application of the Grey-Markov chain model in tax forecasting, and finally carries out a simulation experiment and its result analysis. The study results show that, compared with separate grey forecasting, Markov chain forecasting, and other commonly used time series forecasting methods, the Grey-Markov chain model increases the accuracy of tax forecasts by an average of 2.3–13.1%. This indicates that the combinative forecasting of Grey-Markov chain model can make full use of the information provided by time series data for tax analysis and forecasting. It can not only avoid the influence of economic, political, and human subjective factors, but also have simple calculations, higher accuracy, and stronger practicality. The study results of this paper provide a reference for further researches on the analysis and application of Grey-Markov chain model in tax forecasting.
Generalised Trust among Second-Generation Muslim and Non-Muslim Minority Groups in Europe
Authors: van Slageren Jaap , van Tubergen Frank
Published: December 2021

This study compares generalised trust between second-generation Muslim and non- Muslim migrant groups in Europe, and examines the effect on trust of discrimination and cultural transmission. Analysis of data from the European Social Survey of 4,687 respondents in 32 European countries shows that second-generation Muslim groups have lower levels of trust than second-generation non-Muslim minority groups. The findings provide no evidence that Muslims’ lower levels of trust are due to discrimination and exclusion. Rather, results indicate that the differences are due to cultural transmission: Muslim groups originate more often from low-trust societies, and generalised trust is transmitted from one generation to the next.
Envisioning an Ideal Christian Family in Republican China
Authors: Zhou Yun
Published: December 2021

Amid debates and discussions on the institution of the family in Republican China, foreign missionaries and Chinese Christians played an active role in promoting an ideal Christian family. This article investigates the three waves of prominent theological thinking that underpinned changing ideals of the Christian family throughout the Republican period: Chinese society’s encounter with the gendered ethics of the Christian community in the early Republican period, discussions of domesticity by Chinese Christians amid the social gospel movements of the 1920s, and discussions of domesticity during the National Christianizing the Home Movement. An exploration of Christian publications on domesticity points to a gendered perspective on women’s domestic roles as well as a male-dominated theological construct that attempted to reconfigure the notion of the Chinese Christian family. The discourse on the ideal Chinese Christian family had both secular and spiritual dimensions, shaped by the dynamic transnational flow of ideas and the development of local theological thinking.
Scribal and Commentary Traditions at the Dawn of Print: The Manuscripts of the Near Eastern School of Theology as an Archive of the Early Nahḍa
Authors: Rassi Salam
Published: December 2021

This article focuses on the Arabic manuscript collection of the Near Eastern School of Theology (NEST). The NEST library contains several manuscripts that were donated, copied, or read by important Christian-born intellectuals of the nahḍa. Given these men’s role in the emergence of modern publishing in the Middle East, I examine the intersections between their scribal and printing activities. I also discuss works of grammar, logic, and rhetoric in the NEST’s collection. Most of these are by late medieval and early modern authors and contain extensive commentaries and glosses. This commentary culture was a key site of learning throughout the early modern Ottoman Empire and endured among Christian as well as Muslim intellectuals of the nahḍa movement. The persistence of these scribal and intellectual traditions reveals a longue durée of Islamicate scholarly traditions that is only beginning to be understood by historians of Arab modernity.
The Truth about Śrīgupta’s Two Truths: Longchen Rabjampa’s “Lower Svātantrikas” and the Making of a New Philosophical School
Authors: Aitken Allison
Published: December 2021

Longchen Rabjampa (1308–64), scholar of the Tibetan Buddhist Nyingma tradition, presents a novel doxographical taxonomy of the so-called Svātantrika branch of Madhyamaka Buddhist philosophy, which designates the Indian Mādhyamika Śrīgupta (c. 7th/8th century) as the exemplar of a Svātantrika sub-school according to which appearance and emptiness are metaphysically distinct. This paper compares Longchenpa’s characterization of this “distinct-appearance-and-emptiness” view with Śrīgupta’s own account of the two truths. I expose a significant disconnect between Longchenpa’s Śrīgupta and Śrīgupta himself and argue that the impetus for Longchenpa’s doxographical innovation originates not in Buddhist India, but within his own Tibetan intellectual milieu, tracing back to his twelfth-century Sangpu Monastery predecessors, Gyamarwa and Chapa.
Wonders in margine—Mapping the Madhyamaka Network of Gyamarwa Jangchupdrak
Authors: Hugon Pascale
Published: December 2021

The twelfth-century Tibetan scholar Gyamarwa Jangchupdrak (rgya dmar ba byang chub grags) is an important link in the Madhyamaka tradition that stemmed from Ngok Loden Shérap (rngog blo ldan shes rab, 1059–1109). His recently recovered Analysis of the Essence of Madhyamaka offers significant insight into the diverse positions of numerous scholars who took part in the discussion before and around his time, but who are only identified in interlinear notes. In this paper I discuss the identity of these thinkers and the contribution of this text-cum-marginalia to the mapping of early Tibetan Madhyamaka scholars and ideas.
Using Animals in the Pursuit of Human Flourishing through Sport
Authors: Wolf-Root Alex
Published: December 2021

Sport provides an arena for human flourishing. For some, this pursuit of a meaningful life through sport involves the use of non-human animals, not least of all through sport hunting. This paper will take seriously that sport – including sport hunting – can provide a meaningful arena for human flourishing. Additionally, it will accept for present purposes that animals are of less moral value than humans. This paper will show that, even accepting these premises, much use of animals for sport – including sport hunting – is unacceptable. Nonetheless it will show that there can be acceptable ways of using animals as part of a human’s meaningful life pursuits through sport, albeit in a more limited fashion than many sportspersons currently accept.
An Equity Perspective on Chinese (csol) Teacher Preparation for Global Contexts: Domestic and International Preservice Teachers’ Experiences
Authors: Li Guofang , Gao Huangwei
Published: December 2021

Using a three-dimensional framework that sees equity as distributed justice, inclusion, and rightful presence, this study examines the perspectives of 60 (40 domestic and 20 international) pre-service csol teachers’ experiences of preparation for teaching in diverse local and global contexts in a major teacher education program in China. Thematic analyses of semi-structured interview data revealed the exclusive Chinese linguistics focus of the program excluded both domestic and international preservice teachers’ needs to learn to teach in csol and through csol. The attention to traditional Chinese cultural knowledge also failed to legitimize “the rightful presence” of international students or prepare the teachers with intercultural competence. Finally, the lack of attention to the theory-practice connection in core competencies preparation had resulted in distributed injustice and a shared sense of under-preparedness for both groups. Findings inform an equity-centered Tcsol teacher education for global contexts.