bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Entrepreneurial Cultural Support and Locus of Control as Predictors of Entereprenurial Intuition among Private University Students
Authors: Kehinde Ojewumi Aderemi
Published: November 2021

The study examined the predictive role of entrepreneurial cultural support (ECS) and locus of control (LOC) on entrepreneurial intuition (EI). This was to identify factors that predict EI among undergraduates’ of a private university, in Osun state, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive research design. For the study, primary data was used while the population of the study consisted of final year undergraduate students’. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 362 students. Their age ranged from 16 to 30 years with a mean age of 21.43 years, SD (2.65). Four standardized psychological scales were used in the study. These were entrepreneurial intuition, ECS and LOC scale. Data collected were analysed using zero order correlation and multiple regression. The result shows a significant positive relationship between ECS and entrepreneurial intuition [r (360) = 0.76, p<.01]. There was also significant positive relationship between LOC and entrepreneurial intuition [r (360) = 0.58, p<.01. The study concluded that there was predictive role ECS and LOC on entrepreneurial intuition among undergraduates. It is therefore recommended that trained psychologists should develop psychological intervention programmes which should be tailored toward improving ECS and LOC which invariably can help improve and enhance EI among undergraduates.

 

Received: 23 August 2021 / Accepted: 25 October 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021
Contribution of Regional Power Pools for Energy Security in Africa: Empirical Evidence from the Eastern and Southern African Regions
Authors: Tefera Zerubabel G. , Nzomo Maria
Published: November 2021

Despite the considerable energy problem in Africa, it is not clear how the proliferation of regional power pool (RPPs), as the most feasible solution, address the problem by fostering energy cooperation. The main research objective was to analyse and compare the role of RPPs, particularly the Eastern and Southern African power pools (EAPP and SAPP), in fostering energy cooperation and addressing energy security in their respective sub-regions. The study employed a mixed research design. The study targeted 100 leaders and senior experts from the EAPP, SAPP, regional economic communities, financial institutions, scholars, the African Union (AU), and the United Nations. Qualitative data were analysed thematically, while quantitative data was analysed via descriptive and inferential analysis. Simple linear regression models were used to test the hypotheses. From the finding, in Eastern Africa, weak power pool arrangement, EAPP, has contributed significantly to the prevailing energy insecurity ( =.345, p<.05); on the other hand, strong regional power pool in Southern Africa, SAPP, significantly contributes to energy security ( =.323, p< .05), thus depicting that strong RPP is a key predictor of energy security in the region. Based on the findings, the study concludes that the institutionalised attempt to energy security in Africa can address most of Africa’s energy security challenges. However, Africa must embrace the role of these energy security institutions by pursuing a deliberate policy to strengthen them so that its overall integration project, as stipulated in the African Union Agenda 2063, can be materialised.

 

Received: 12 August 2021 / Accepted: 13 October 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021
Emerging Dynamics in Tourism Industry Workforce Mobility in Southern Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Akeh Linus Beba
Published: November 2021

The challenge of brain drain/workforce mobility/out-migration in tourism and hospitality industry workforce is a rising phenomenon.  The study investigated the factors responsible for the emerging dynamics in tourism industry workforce mobility in Southern Cross River, Nigeria. Data was generated through the administration of structured questionnaire and oral interviews on the staff and workforce of tourism industry. The results revealed that on aggregate, a total of 63.50% workers had intentions to migrate from their job while 36.50% workers had no intention to migrate from their current job. Further findings revealed that low remuneration, unfavourable working hours, stress, lack of career prospects, lack of job security, unsatisfactory working conditions, health risk, and challenge of job matching were among the reasons for job out-migration among the industry workforce. The study recommended that both public and private sectors should create enabling tourism work-environment for retention of tourism employees.

 

Received: 14 August 2021 / Accepted: 2 October 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021
Load-shedding and the Declining Energy Availability Factor: A Case Study of a South African Power Station
Authors: Kock Z. , Govender Krishna K.
Published: November 2021

Through a mixed methods study, which included a survey among a stratified sample of 70 employees and interviews with 11 managers, this paper reports on the factors which led to a decline in power generation by Eskom’s Camden Power Station. The impact of the declining energy available factor (EAF) was significant, primarily on economic activities, employment, revenue loss due to load-shedding, and corporate social responsibility. The main causes of the declining EAF included leadership instability, financial constraints, inadequate plant maintenance, process-related challenges, bottle necks in the procurement of replacement parts, poor quality spare parts, high staff turnover, poor employee morale, poor workmanship and poor quality coal.It is recommended that funding for EAF related projects be prioritized, the performance of the acting managers needs to closely managed, sources of coal be streamlined, the training of quality control personnel and contract supervisors be improved and staff morale be urgently addressed.

 

Received: 7 September 2021 / Accepted: 7 October 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021
Urinary Tract Infection, Bacteriological Profile and its Antibiotic Susceptibility in Tertiary Center
Authors: Raj KC Sudeep , Timilsina Bhushan , Gupta Ravi , Prasad Upadhyay Hari , Adhikari Ankita , Dhakal Rhea
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Urinary tract infection is one of the common bacterial infections seeking treatment in clinical practice. A variety of organisms are associated with UTI and the most common organisms are Escherichia coli and other coliforms. Bacteriological investigations of UTI are not complete without an antibiotic sensitivity test of the isolate. The extensive and inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents has invariably resulted in the development of antibiotic resistance which, in recent years, has become a major problem worldwide. This study aims to determine the bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity patterns and their disease association in a tertiary center.
Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Urology, College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal over a period of one year (January 2021 to December 2021). All cases of suspected UTI were sent for urine culture and sensitivity tests were evaluated in this study. Disease associated with UTI, bacteriological profile, and antibiotic sensitivity patterns were evaluated.
Results: A total of 1987 cases were sent for urine culture and sensitivity test. The total culture-positive cases were 404 (20.3%). The most common age group for the culture-positive test was 60-70 years (17.3%) followed by 70- 80 years (17.1%). Prevalence was higher in females (56.9%) compared to males (43.1%). Escherichia coli (59.8%) was the most common pathogen isolated followed by Klebsiella species (10.6%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.4%). Most of the isolates showed susceptibility to amikacin (90.61%), gentamicin (83.76%), and imipenem (73.91%).
Conclusions: The increasing trend of resistant strains depicts the random use of antibiotics and requires continuous monitoring of their resistance. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns must be continuously and periodically evaluated to select the appropriate regimen to treat UTI
Supraorbital Foramina and Supraorbital Notches in Unknown Dry Human Skulls- A Review of Literatures
Authors: Kumar Nirala Santosh , Bikram Karki Bodh , Jiahui Li , Keming Li , Hanqing Tang , Meng Yinkuan
Published: November 2021

In craniofacial surgery and supraorbital nerve block, the anatomy of the supraorbital region is crucial. Injury to the supraorbital neurovascular bundle is a frequent complication during the anterior orbital approach, blepharoplasty, fronto-glabellar reconstruction flap, and in the supraorbital nerve blocks during treatment of maxillofacial wounds and treatment of migraine. However, there are a lot of variations of supraorbital foramina and notches among different groups of populations of various races. Morphometric analysis of supraorbital foramina and notches have been carried out on unknown dry adult human skulls by authors. In these studies, two planes have been made use of, namely sagittal and transverse planes of the skulls along with vertical & horizontal dimensions. In addition, the positions of notches and foramina in relation to midline as well as frontozygomatic sutures were also measured. Various combinations of the presence or absence of supraorbital foramina and notches were also noted. The study on supraorbital foramina and notches has profound anthropological importance, anesthetics importance, and surgical importance. Various studies' findings and conclusions on notches and foramina are being considered for the study of review articles
Saturation Number of $tK_{l,l,l}$ in the Complete Tripartite Graph
Authors: He Zhen , Lu Mei
Published: November 2021

For  fixed graphs $F$ and $H$, a graph $G\subseteq F$ is $H$-saturated if there is no copy of $H$ in $G$, but for any edge $e\in E(F)\setminus E(G)$, there is a copy of $H$ in $G+e$. The saturation number of $H$ in $F$, denoted $sat(F,H)$, is the minimum number of edges in an $H$-saturated subgraph of $F$.  In this paper, we study saturation numbers of $tK_{l,l,l}$ in complete tripartite graph $K_{n_1,n_2,n_3}$. For $t\ge 1$, $l\ge 1$ and $n_1,n_2$ and $n_3$ sufficiently large, we determine  $sat(K_{n_1,n_2,n_3},tK_{l,l,l})$ exactly.
Toppling on Permutations with an Extra Chip
Authors: Ayyer Arvind , Bényi Beáta
Published: November 2021

The study of toppling on permutations with an extra labeled chip was initiated by the first author with D. Hathcock and P. Tetali (arXiv:2010.11236), where the extra chip was added in the middle. We extend this to all possible locations $p$ as well as values $r$ of the extra chip and give a complete characterization of permutations which topple to the identity. Further, we classify all permutations which are outcomes of the toppling process in this generality, which we call resultant permutations. Resultant permutations turn out to be certain decomposable permutations. The number of configurations toppling to a given resultant permutation is shown to depend purely on the number of left-to-right maxima (or records) of the permutation to the left of $p$ and the number of right-to-left minima to the right of $p$. The number of permutations toppling to a given resultant permutation (identity or otherwise) is shown to be the binomial transform of a poly-Bernoulli number of type B.
The ethoxycarbonyl group as both activating and protective group in N-acyl-Pictet–Spengler reactions using methoxystyrenes. A short approach to racemic 1-benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids
Authors: Keller Marco , Sauvageot-Witzku Karl , Geisslinger Franz , Urban Nicole , Schaefer Michael , Bartel Karin , Bracher Franz
Published: November 2021

We present a systematic investigation on an improved variant of the N-acyl-Pictet–Spengler condensation for the synthesis of 1-benzyltetrahydroisoquinolines, based on our recently published synthesis of N-methylcoclaurine, exemplified by the total syntheses of 10 alkaloids in racemic form. Major advantages are a) using ω-methoxystyrenes as convenient alternatives to arylacetaldehydes, and b) using the ethoxycarbonyl residue for both activating the arylethylamine precursors for the cyclization reaction, and, as a significant extension, also as protective group for phenolic residues. After ring closure, the ethoxycarbonyl-protected phenols are deprotected simultaneously with the further processing of the carbamate group, either following route A (lithium alanate reduction) to give N-methylated phenolic products, or following route B (treatment with excess methyllithium) to give the corresponding alkaloids with free N–H function. This dual use of the ethoxycarbonyl group shortens the synthetic routes to hydroxylated 1-benzyltetrahydroisoquinolines significantly. Not surprisingly, these ten alkaloids did not show noteworthy effects on TPC2 cation channels and the tumor cell line VCR-R CEM, and did not exhibit P-glycoprotein blocking activity. But due to their free phenolic groups they can serve as valuable intermediates for novel derivatives addressing all of these targets, based on previous evidence for structure–activity relationships in this chemotype.
NANODISPERSIONS OF LIPOIC ACID: PRODUCTION AND STUDY OF INFLUENCE ON FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY OF PLATELETS
Authors: Inshakova A.M. , Darnotuk E.S. , Shipelova A.V. , Shastina N.S. , Baranova O.A. , Chekanov A.V. , Kazarinov K.D. , Solovieva E.Y. , Fedin A.I.
Published: November 2021

Various nanodispersions (liposomes and nanoemulsions) with lipoic acid (LA) with size of particles 50-250 nm were obtained and characterized by 80±10% encapsulation efficiency (EI) of LA into NPs, its slow release from nanoconstructions, and possessing stability during long-term storage at room temperature. It was revealed that liposomes and LA NPs inhibit platelet aggregation caused by arachidonic acid, and the mechanism of antiplatelet action was proposed.
CHANGES IN PH AND CONCENTRATIONS OF METABOLITES IN THE HUMAN BRAIN UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF MILD TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY ACCORDING TO LOCALIZATION PROTON MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: Bulanov P.A. , Semenova N.A. , Akhadov T.A. , Manzhurtsev A.V. , Yakovlev A.N. , Ublinsky M.V. , Menshchikov P.E.
Published: November 2021

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is the only method that allows in vivo study of biochemical processes in norm and pathology. The aim of the study was to identify the effect of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) on the concentrations of the most important cerebral metabolites and pH values in the human brain according to 1H MRC data.
THE ROLE OF HH-SIGNALING IN FIBROGENESIS AND THE POSSIBILITY OF STUDYING IT ON MODEL SYSTEMS
Authors: Alexandrova A.A. , Zolotsev V.A. , Timoshenko O.S. , Zavyalova M.G. , Sanzhakov M.A. , Shcherbakov K. A.
Published: November 2021

Hh-signaling is an embryonic type of signaling as well as tumor cells, and is involved in fibrogenesis. This work proposes methods for assessing and studying Hh signaling on model systems using inhibitors and studying the structure of Hh ligands as onco- and profibrotic markers.
DETERMINATION OF THE DIAGNOSTIC SENSITIVITY OF THE KIT FOR PCR DIAGNOSTICS OF CORONA VIRUS INFECTION SARS-COV
Authors: Kurochkina A.
Published: November 2021

The characteristics of a diagnostic kit for detecting coronavirus infection are presented. The diagnostic sensitivity of this set was determined on a selection of 130 samples by comparing it with the results obtained using the reference set.
MODELING CHANGES IN THE ADAPTABILITY AND MOTILITY OF MICROORGANISMS IN CHANGING AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
Authors: Klimenko A.I. , Lashin S.A.
Published: November 2021

The results of our simulations show that motile forms (as opposed to sedentary forms) have an advantage under nutrient-poor conditions corresponding to the environment in which marine bacteria live. There is a turning point in the magnitude of the migration penalty that determines whether the Nomadic strategy will be successful or not.
CHARACTERISTICS OF MIRNA BINDING SITES IN MRNAS OF MYB GENES OF ARABIDOPSIS, SOYA AND GRAPE
Authors: Pinskiy I.V.
Published: November 2021

The characteristics of various miRNA binding sites in the mRNAs of the MYB transcription factor genes of Arabidopsis thaliana, Glycine max and Vitis vinifera have been established. The most conserved miRNA binding sites were the binding sites of the miR828 family.
DRUG REPOSITIONING FOR THERAPY OF COVID-19
Authors: Druzhilovskiy D.S. , Savosina P.I. , Gomazkov O.A. , Sobolev B.N. , Veselovsky A.V. , Tarasova O.A. , Biziukova N.Yu. , Ionov N.S. , Ivanov S.M. , Rudik A.V , Stolbov L.A. , Pogodin P.V. , Karasev D.A. , Dmitriev D.A. , Lagunin A.A. , Filimonov D.A.
Published: November 2021

Drug repositioning – the discovery of new indications for the launched drugs – is the rapid natural response to viral infection SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19. We will consider the current state of research and development of repositioned pharmaceuticals for the therapy of COVID-19 using in silico and in vitro methods.
MODULATION OF APTAMERIC ANALYTICAL SYSTEMS PROPERTIES USING COMPLEMENTARY OLIGONUCLEOTIDES
Authors: Safenkova I.V. , Eremin S.A. , Zherdev A.V. , Dzantiev B.B.
Published: November 2021

The possibilities of modulating the properties of analytical systems based on aptamers by using complementary oligonucleotides are considered. The quantitative characterization of the interaction of the G-quadruplex aptamer with a panel of oligonucleotides of different lengths and different localization of binding sites was carried out; its results are compared with data on aptamer - ligand binding.
DEOXYURIDINE TRIPHOSPHATES MODIFIED WITH AROMATIC GROUPS OF TYROSINE OR TRYPTOPHAN FOR DIRECT ELECTROCHEMICAL DETERMINATION OF DOUBLE-STRANDED DNA AMPLIFICATION PRODUCTS
Authors: Khmeleva S.A. , Kutdusova G.R. , Duskaev I.F. , Ptitsyn K.G. , Kuznetsova V.E. , Kuznetsova V.E. , Lapa S.A. , Chudinov A.V. , Radko S.P.
Published: November 2021

A set of deoxyuridine triphosphates modified with aromatic groups of tyrosine or tryptophan was studied as substrates for amplification (by polymerase chain reaction or recombinase polymerase amplification) and as carriers of an electroactive ‘label’ for direct electrochemical detection of double-stranded DNA.
DETECTION OF SEROLOGICAL RESPONSE TO THE RECOMBINANT CHLAMYDIA PSITTACI PROTEIN DNAK USING DOT-ELISA TECHNIQUE
Authors: Lyapina A.M. , Khizhnyakova M.A. , Kichemazova N.V. , Kolosova A.A. , Evstifeev V.V. , Larionova O.S. , Feodorova V.A.
Published: November 2021

The results of dot-ELISA application for the detection of IgG specific to the recombinant Chlamydia psittaci DnaK antigen in sera of farm animals vaccinated with a commercial chlamydia vaccine are presented. It was revealed, that C. psittaci heat shock protein DnaK participates in immune response of sheep immunized with the vaccine based on the C. psittaci Rostinovo-70 strain.
OMICS TECHNOLOGIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NUMBER TOPICAL FIELDS IN BIOECONOMY
Authors: Titova E.S.
Published: November 2021

Omics technologies create a scientific and methodological basis for bioeconomics and are already being used in various fields of industry from food products production and quality control to ensuring the processing of various wastes into biofuels.
INCLUSION OF BIOCATALYSTS INTO THE PROCESS OF CHEMICAL- BIOLOGICAL OXIDATIVE DESULFURIZATION OF OIL FRACTIONS
Authors: Senko O.V. , Stepanov N.A.  , Gladchenko М.А. , Gaydamaka S.N. , Akopyan A.V. , Polikarpova P.D. , Eseva Е.А. , Lysenko S.V. , Anisimov А.V. , Efremenko E.N.
Published: November 2021

A number of approaches are proposed, combined and tested to ensure the most effective introduction of biocatalysts into the process of chemical and biocatalytic desulfurization of liquid hydrocarbon raw materials: selection and use of environmentally friendly reagents, formation of immobilized artificial consortia, their preliminary adaptation to media, pH control of the medium, introduction of co-substrates in the form of agricultural waste, etc.
PLANT-DERIVED VESICLES AS CARRIES OF EXOGENOUS FUNCTIONAL BIOMOLECULES
Authors: Kamyshnsky R. , Varfolomeeva E. , Landa S. , Kil Y. , Komarova E. , Putevich E. , Konevega A. , Shtam T.
Published: November 2021

The efficiency of delivery of exogenous functional biomolecules to human cells using plant-derived vesicles has been demonstrated in vitro. Also the distribution of loaded plant vesicles in the tissues was studied in vivo.
A NOVEL C1Q DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN ISOLATED FROM THE MOLLUSK MODIOLUS KURILENSIS RECOGNIZING GLYCANS ENRICHED WITH ACIDIC GALACTANS AND MANNANS IS VERY PROSPECTIVE FOR BIOMEDICAL PURPOSES
Authors: Grinchenko A.V. , Kriegsheim A. , Shved N.A. , Egorova A.E. , Ilyaskina D.V. , Karp T.D. , Goncharov N.V. , Petrova I.Yu.
Published: November 2021

A novel C1qDC bivalve protein from the bivalve Modiolus kurilensis (MkC1qDC-1) was identified, isolated and characterized. MkC1qDC-1 demonstrated the inhibition of HeLa cell proliferation and recognition of some cancer cell phenotypes in comparative analysis on several cell lines, suggesting biomedical potential of this protein.
PREPARATION OF A LIPOSOMAL CONJUGATE OF THE MUTANT EXTRACELLULAR DOMAIN OF THE MOUSE PD-1 RECEPTOR
Authors: Ryazantsev D.Yu. , Svirshchevskaya E.V. , Vodovozova E.L.
Published: November 2021

Liposomal conjugate of the mutant extracellular domain of the mouse PD-1 receptor obtained to inhibit the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway.
Структура інтегралів рівнянь коливань замкненої у вершині конічної оболонки
Authors: Trotsenko V. A. , Trotsenko Yu. V.
Published: November 2021

УДК 539.3:534.13
Розглядається система диференцiальних рiвнянь, яка описує вiльнi коливання тонкостiнної конiчної оболонки обертання з вершиною. Виходячи з аналiтичної теорiї систем диференцiальних рiвнянь з малим параметром при старшiй похiднiй i рiвнянь з регулярною особливою точкою встановлена формальна структура регулярних iнтегралiв початкових рiвнянь
Bócz Endre
Authors: Finszter Géza
Published: November 2021

At the age of 83 passed away Endre Bócz, law scholar, former prosecutor general of Budapest, erstwhile leader of the Faculty Criminalistic at the Police College Budapest, presidium member of the Hungarian Association of Police Science.
Az integritásirányítás lehetséges modelljei
Authors: Pulay Gyula
Published: November 2021

What model of integrity management can an organization best use to ensure that its employees make decisions that are consistent with organizational values in all circumstances? – the article is looking for the answer to this question. On the one hand, it groups the models according to how the integrity management system is related to the internal control system. On the other hand, it distinguishes models according to the extent to which organizational culture has shifted from rule-based to the two types of value-based culture, one is the mission driven, the second supports the fulfilment of the profession (vocation) of its employees. The article outlines several possible models, describing their essential properties and the area where the models can be used expediently.
A rendőri erőszakról, túlkapásokról – lehetséges magyarázatok
Authors: Pesti Tünde , Kovács Gábor
Published: November 2021

In the study, the authors present a non-exhaustive list of explanations available on police violence in the literature. Theories are presented that are related to the experience of violence, the representation of masculine values or the emergence of moral dilemmas. The authors do not consider neither violent behaviour nor other morally unacceptable behaviours to be acceptable in the police; just wish to draw attention to the dangerous mindsets that can be present in the police profession, to which the direct supervisor must react immediately.
HUMAN AND MACHINE CREATIVITY: SOCIAL AND ETHICAL ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Suchacka Małgorzata , Muster Rafał , Wojewoda Mariusz
Published: November 2021

The paper has a review character, and the presented analysis is based on theoretical considerations referring to the works of other authors. The aim of the paper is to draw attention to the importance of human creativity in the context of technology development, with special emphasis on artificial intelligence. For the purpose of exploration, the study applies philosophical methods, especially methods typical of ethical reflections, also supported by the analysis of existing data derived from social sciences, especially contemporary sociology. The study is synthetic in nature and includes theoretical considerations concerning several issues. Positive and creative possibilities of using artificial intelligence in social and economic life were shown. Potential threats that may be associated with the inappropriate use of artificial intelligence – robots and information systems were also identified. Potential threats resulting from too much trust of people in algorithms were shown. Attention is focused on social and ethical aspects of the human-machine relationship, with special emphasis on the dimension of pragmatism, trust and fascination with new technologies, as well as the principles of robot ethics. A significant part of the considerations also refers to the effects of automation processes, including the functioning of the labour market, human creative abilities and appropriate competences. The third part of the study indicates still undeveloped research fields related to artificial intelligence. The conducted analysis may indicate the direction for further sociological and philosophical research that considers the specificity of the artificial intelligence functioning and seeks support in interdisciplinary research teams.
Dynamical Analysis of the Dark Matter and Central Black Hole Mass in the Dwarf Spheroidal Leo I
Authors: Bustamante-Rosell M. J. , Noyola Eva , Gebhardt Karl , Fabricius Maximilian H. , Mazzalay Ximena , Thomas Jens , Zeimann Greg
Published: November 2021

We measure the central kinematics for the dwarf spheroidal galaxy Leo I using integrated-light measurements and previously published data. We find a steady rise in the velocity dispersion from 300″ into the center. The integrated-light kinematics provide a velocity dispersion of 11.76 ± 0.66 km s−1 inside 75″. After applying appropriate corrections to crowding in the central regions, we achieve consistent velocity dispersion values using velocities from individual stars. Crowding corrections need to be applied when targeting individual stars in high-density stellar environments. From integrated light, we measure the surface brightness profile and find a shallow cusp toward the center. Axisymmetric, orbit-based models measure the stellar mass-to-light ratio, black hole mass, and parameters for a dark matter halo. At large radii it is important to consider possible tidal effects from the Milky Way, so we include a variety of assumptions regarding the tidal radius. For every set of assumptions, models require a central black hole consistent with a mass (3.3 ± 2) × 106
M
⊙. The no-black-hole case for any of our assumptions is excluded at over 95% significance, with 6.4 < Δχ
2 < 14. A black hole of this mass would have significant effects on dwarf galaxy formation and evolution. The dark halo parameters are heavily affected by the assumptions for the tidal radii, with the circular velocity only constrained to be above 30 km s−1. Reasonable assumptions for the tidal radius result in stellar orbits consistent with an isotropic distribution in the velocities. These more realistic models have little need for a dark matter halo.
Testing the Strong Equivalence Principle. II. Relating the External Field Effect in Galaxy Rotation Curves to the Large-scale Structure of the Universe
Authors: Chae Kyu-Hyun , Desmond Harry , Lelli Federico , McGaugh Stacy S. , Schombert James M.
Published: November 2021

Theories of modified gravity generically violate the strong equivalence principle, so that the internal dynamics of a self-gravitating system in freefall depends on the strength of the external gravitational field (the external field effect). We fit rotation curves (RCs) from the SPARC database with a model inspired by Milgromian dynamics (MOND), which relates the outer shape of an RC to the external Newtonian field from the large-scale baryonic matter distribution through a dimensionless parameter e
N. We obtain a > 4σ statistical detection of the external field effect (i.e. e
N > 0 on average), confirming previous results. We then locate the SPARC galaxies in the cosmic web of the nearby universe and find a striking contrast in the fitted e
N values for galaxies in underdense versus overdense regions. Galaxies in an underdense region between 22 and 45 Mpc from the celestial axis in the northern sky have RC fits consistent with e
N ≃ 0, while those in overdense regions adjacent to the CfA2 Great Wall and the Perseus−Pisces Supercluster return e
N that are a factor of two larger than the median for SPARC galaxies. We also calculate independent estimates of e
N from galaxy survey data and find that they agree with the e
N inferred from the RCs within the uncertainties, the chief uncertainty being the spatial distribution of baryons not contained in galaxies or clusters.
Investigation of the Physical Origin of Overionized Recombining Plasma in the Supernova Remnant IC 443 with XMM-Newton
Authors: Okon Hiromichi , Tanaka Takaaki , Uchida Hiroyuki , Tsuru Takeshi Go , Seta Masumichi , Kokusho Takuma , Smith Randall K.
Published: November 2021

The physical origin of the overionized recombining plasmas (RPs) in supernova remnants (SNRs) has been attracting attention because its understanding provides new insight into SNR evolution. However, the process of the overionization, although it has been discussed in some RP-SNRs, is not yet fully understood. Here, we report on spatially resolved spectroscopy of X-ray emission from IC 443 with XMM-Newton. We find that RPs in regions interacting with dense molecular clouds tend to have lower electron temperature and lower recombination timescale. These tendencies indicate that RPs in these regions are cooler and more strongly overionized, which is naturally interpreted as a result of rapid cooling by the molecular clouds via thermal conduction. Our result on IC 443 is similar to that on W44 showing evidence for thermal conduction as the origin of RPs at least in older remnants. We suggest that evaporation of clumpy gas embedded in a hot plasma rapidly cools the plasma as was also found in the W44 case. We also discuss if ionization by protons accelerated in IC 443 is responsible for RPs. Based on the energetics of particle acceleration, we conclude that the proton bombardment is unlikely to explain the observed properties of RPs.
Hα Reverberation Mapping of the Intermediate-mass Active Galactic Nucleus in NGC 4395
Authors: Cho Hojin , Woo Jong-Hak , Treu Tommaso , Williams Peter R. , Armen Stephen F. , Barth Aaron J. , Bennert Vardha N. , Cho Wanjin , Filippenko Alexei V. , Gallo Elena , Geum Jaehyuk , González-Buitrago Diego , Gültekin Kayhan , Hodges-Kluck Edmund , Horst John C. , Hwang Seong Hyeon , Kang Wonseok , Kim Minjin , Kim Taewoo , Leonard Douglas C. , Malkan Matthew A. , Remigio Raymond P. , Sand David J. , Shin Jaejin , Son Donghoon , Sung Hyun-il , U Vivian
Published: November 2021

We present the results of a high-cadence spectroscopic and imaging monitoring campaign of the active galactic nucleus (AGN) of NGC 4395. High signal-to-noise-ratio spectra were obtained at the Gemini-N 8 m telescope using the GMOS integral field spectrograph (IFS) on 2019 March 7 and at the Keck I 10 m telescope using the Low-Resolution Imaging Spectrometer with slit masks on 2019 March 3 and April 2. Photometric data were obtained with a number of 1 m-class telescopes during the same nights. The narrow-line region (NLR) is spatially resolved; therefore, its variable contributions to the slit spectra make the standard procedure of relative flux calibration impractical. We demonstrate that spatially resolved data from the IFS can be effectively used to correct the slit-mask spectral light curves. While we obtained no reliable lag owing to the lack of a strong variability pattern in the light curves, we constrain the broad-line time lag to be less than 3 hr, consistent with the photometric lag of ∼80 minutes reported by Woo et al. By exploiting the high-quality spectra, we measure the second moment of the broad component of the Hα emission line to be 586 ± 19 km s−1, superseding the lower value reported by Woo et al. Combining the revised line dispersion and the photometric time lag, we update the black hole mass to (1.7 ± 0.3) × 104
M
⊙.
Fermi-GBM Observations of GRB 210812A: Signatures of a Million Solar Mass Gravitational Lens
Authors: Veres P. , Bhat N. , Fraija N. , Lesage S.
Published: November 2021

Observing gravitationally lensed objects in the time domain is difficult, and well-observed time-varying sources are rare. Lensed gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) offer improved timing precision for this class of objects, complementing observations of quasars and supernovae. The rate of lensed GRBs is highly uncertain, approximately one in 1000. The Gamma-ray Burst Monitor on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has observed more than 3000 GRBs, making it an ideal instrument to uncover lensed bursts. Here we present observations of GRB 210812A showing two emission episodes, separated by 33.3 s and with a flux ratio of about 4.5. An exhaustive temporal and spectral analysis shows that the two emission episodes have the same pulse and spectral shape, which poses challenges to GRB models. We report multiple lines of evidence for a gravitational lens origin. In particular, modeling the lightcurve using nested sampling, we uncover strong evidence in favor of the lensing scenario. Assuming a point-mass lens, the mass of the lensing object is about 1 million solar masses. High-resolution radio imaging is needed for future lens candidates to derive tighter constraints.
Genetic diversity of Salix lapponum populations in Central Europe
Authors: Urbaniak Jacek , Kwiatkowski Paweł , Pawlikowski Paweł
Published: November 2021

Salix lapponum is a cold-tolerant relict species in Europe that occurs in several sites, probably reflecting previous migration routes of S. lapponum during the Pleistocene. However, only a few data are available on the genetic structures of populations of S. lapponum. In this study, we use PCR-ISSR markers to investigate genetic variation in 19 European populations of S. lapponum L. AMOVA analysis shows that most of the variation (55.8%) occurs within populations; variability among groups accounts for 19.7%. An AMOVA analysis based on four groups determined by STRUCTURE analysis shows similar results: variability of 54.1% within the population and variability of 18.9% between the four population groups, based on geographic regions. Within individual geographic groups, which are characterised by the studied populations, the lowest variability (as well as the highest homogeneity) was found in populations located in Belarus. The obtained results are consistent with our expectations that the European Lowland could be a significant geographic barrier for gene flow over large geographic distances for S. lapponum. Both the Scandinavian and Belarusian populations, as well as those coming from NE Poland, are characterised by significant genetic distinctiveness. However, some populations from NE Poland and the Sudetes show similarities with populations from other geographic regions, indicating existing genetic relationships between them. Moreover, the results suggest a fairly clear division of the population into 4 emerging geographic regions, although separated by a geographical barrier: the Polish lowland, which forms part of the larger geographic unit known as the European Lowland.
A new association of Satureja montana L. subsp. montana dominated garrigues in Puglia (SE Italy)
Authors: Tomaselli Valeria , Silletti Giuseppe , Forte Luigi
Published: November 2021

In this paper a survey on the garrigue vegetation dominated by Satureja montana subsp. montana occurring in the Alta Murgia National Park is presented. These communities were compared with those of the Ionian Arc ravines. Syntaxonomic, structural, chorological and ecological analyses were performed in order to achieve a proper classification of this vegetation. A new association is here described, the Rhamno saxatilis-Saturejetum montanae, with two new subassociations, typicum and fumanetosum procumbentis. It is a garrigue vegetation dominated by Satureja montana subsp. montana occurring in the Murgian area, in sites characterized by rocky and stony soils and by a Mediterranean Pluviseasonal oceanic weak semicontinental phytoclimate, with thermotype upper meso-Mediterranean and ombrotype lower subhumid, and is here framed in the Cytiso spinescentis-Saturejion montanae alliance (order Cisto cretici-Ericetalia manipuliflorae, class Cisto cretici-Micromerietea julianae). The results contribute to add a further piece to the knowledge of the natural plant landscape of the territory of the Alta Murgia National Park.
Orthographier les formes verbales du français : quelle persistance des erreurs chez les étudiants ?
Authors: David Jacques , Rinck Fanny
Published: November 2021

Les écrits d’étudiants en français comportent un nombre important d’erreurs orthographiques. Leur persistance à un niveau avancé est systématiquement analysée aux plans linguistique et psycholinguistique, en ce qui concerne la morphographie verbale aux temps-modes personnels. L’étude s’appuie sur deux corpus d’écrits d’étudiants : 276 textes narratifs recueillis en première année de licence ; 165 textes argumentatifs en première année de master. Elle montre que les erreurs orthographiques concernent : (i) les bases verbo-lexicales ; (ii) les flexions temporo-modales ; (iii) les accords de personne.
« Vous pouvait croire que la guerre ne finiras pas » : les graphies des désinences des formes verbales dans la correspondance des Poilus du Corpus14
Authors: Surcouf Christian
Published: November 2021

Fondée sur l’analyse manuelle des 1 892 formes verbales recensées dans soixante lettres de soldats ordinaires français de la Première Guerre mondiale, cette étude se propose d’interroger l’efficacité de leur orthographe en examinant les principales zones de vulnérabilité de la morphographie verbale et, par la suite, élaborer le calcul du taux de lisibilité pour fournir une estimation quantitative de cette efficacité.
La permanence du clivage droite/gauche
Authors: Le Digol Christophe
Published: November 2021

Les résultats imprévus des élections de 2017 ont bousculé les conceptions ordinaires que les citoyens et les commentateurs de la politique avaient du clivage droite/gauche. Jusqu’alors, on lui reconnaissait une permanence historique qui condamnait tout citoyen à s’inscrire nécessairement de part ou d’autre de cet axe. Ce texte explore les conditions historiques qui président à sa formation et à sa naturalisation, et propose, pour se départir de sa conception substantialiste, de l’examiner d’un point de vue processuel et configurationnel.
Le progressisme au défi du conservatisme
Authors: Corcuff Philippe
Published: November 2021

Les origines historiques du clivage progressistes/conservateurs sont appréhendées à travers l’opposition entre Nicolas de Condorcet, pour les Lumières, et les réactions conservatrices d’Edmund Burke, Joseph de Maistre et Louis de Bonald. Puis un saut est fait dans les enjeux du présent : la dynamique ultraconservatrice actuelle (le couple Alain Soral-Éric Zemmour) et les bricolages confusionnistes (la triade Jacques Julliard-Frédéric Lordon-Mathieu Bock-Côté et Emmanuel Macron) dont elle bénéficie dans le contexte d’un recul du clivage droite/gauche d’abord. Ensuite est explorée la possibilité d’un rebond du progressisme par l’intégration de certains questionnements conservateurs.
L’universalisme à l’épreuve des identitaristes décoloniaux
Authors: Boucher Manuel
Published: November 2021

Cet article décrit l’émergence, au sein de la société française, de la mouvance identitariste décoloniale, productrice de pratiques militantes ethno-différentialistes hostiles à l’universalisme, assimilé à l’impérialisme occidental. À la lumière des violences répétées exercées contre Charlie Hebdo , il interroge également l’ambivalence d’une partie de la gauche anti-universaliste qui fait preuve d’indulgence à l’égard de cette nébuleuse, notamment des activistes indigénistes et islamistes pourtant opposés aux valeurs républicaines émancipatrices.
Aux antipodes des extrémistes d’hier, les radicaux d’aujourd’hui
Authors: Sommier Isabelle
Published: November 2021

Les groupes présentés aujourd’hui comme radicaux, et qui, pour beaucoup, se revendiquent comme tels, se situent à distance voire en clivage avec les principes (croyance dans le progrès et valorisation du travail, perspective de prise de pouvoir, etc.) et modalités du conflit (mis en forme par des organisations de masse verticales) qui ont accompagné l’institutionnalisation du mouvement ouvrier sous la houlette hégémonique du marxisme. Ils tranchent ainsi avec les groupes d’extrême gauche des années 1968. Leur fortune actuelle clôt en quelque sorte une période historique et en ouvre une nouvelle aux contours incertains, pour ne pas dire chaotiques.
Threshold dynamics of a reaction-diffusion-advection Leslie-Gower predator-prey system
Authors: Zhang Baifeng , Zhang Guohong , Wang Xiaoli
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we investigate the global dynamics of a Leslie-Gower predator-prey system in advective homogeneous environments. We discuss the existence and uniqueness of positive steady-state solutions. We study the large time behavior of solutions and establish threshold conditions for persistence and extinction of two species when they live in open advective environments. Numerical simulations indicate that the introduction of advection leads to the evolution of spatial distribution patterns of species and specially it may induce spatial separation of the prey and predator under some conditions.
Dynamics of fractional nonclassical diffusion equations with delay driven by additive noise on $ \mathbb{R}^n $
Authors: Chen Pengyu , Wang Bixiang , Zhang Xuping
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we study the asymptotic behavior of solutions of fractional nonclassical diffusion equations with delay driven by additive noise defined on unbounded domains. We first prove the uniform compactness of pullback random attractors of the equation with respect to noise intensity and time delay, and then establish the upper semi-continuity of these attractors as either noise intensity or time delay approaches zero.
L'artisanat du textile à Pompéi au Ier siècle après J.-C.
Authors: Médard Fabienne
Published: November 2021

79 après J.-C. : le temps s’arrête à Pompéi. Quelques heures suffisent à figer l’activité humaine sous plusieurs mètres de cendres qui assureront la parfaite conservation des vestiges pour les siècles à venir.

Bien représentée au travers des éléments d’architecture encore en place dans la ville (ateliers de teinture, fullonicae), par les peintures et les textes, la production textile occupait une place importante dans l’économie urbaine. Une campagne d’étude menée durant trois ans débouche ici sur une réflexion approfondie à propos de cet artisanat. Elle se fonde sur l’analyse d’une remarquable collection de tissus, en grande partie inédite. Plus de deux cents pièces, diverses et exceptionnellement conservées, ont été systématiquement étudiées du point de vue des techniques et des matériaux.

Les procédés de fabrication et la qualité des réalisations ne sont pleinement appréciables que par une analyse et une relecture critique de tous les instruments nécessaires au travail du textile. Cet axe de recherche remet ainsi en perspective les textiles et les outils de production. Indissociables et complémentaires, les fusaïoles, fuseaux, quenouilles, pesons de tisserand, peignes, grilles de tissage sont pris en considération individuellement ou en série selon la richesse des collections.

L’acte technique du travailleur du textile, significatif en termes d’innovation, de tradition et de savoir-faire, nous fait entrer dans l’organisation de la production, dans l’économie, dans la société et dans la culture des artisans.

Au-delà des nécessaires descriptions techniques, ce livre tente une approche socio-économique de l’activité textile au sein de la cité de Pompéi.
Archéologie du lait : le cas du lait médicinal
Authors: Bodiou Lydie , Frère Dominique , Jaeggi-Richoz Sandra
Published: November 2021

Malgré un statut ambigu, aux frontières des mondes sauvage et domestiqué, le lait est utilisé dans l’arsenal des prescriptions des médecins antiques, particulièrement ceux de la collection hippocratique (ve av.-iie apr. J.C). Plusieurs types de lait sont prescrits. Le lait de vache et d’ânesse le plus communément mais aussi le lait de femme – particulièrement dans les recettes gynécologiques – et de manière plus anecdotique, le lait de brebis, de chèvre, de jument ou de chienne. Le lait est rarement prescrit seul, souvent délayé, agrémenté de miel, de sel, il est recommandé mêlé à d’autres ingrédients minéraux et végétaux ou alors en traitement unique, sous la forme de « cure de lait ». On s’interrogera sur ces prescriptions qui usent de ces laits, sous quelles formes, pour quels usages et avec quelles intentions curatives ou symboliques, notamment dans le traitement des maladies féminines. Nous verrons que ces recettes se trouvent à mi-chemin entre la prescription médicale et le remède de « bonnes femmes ».L’emploi thérapeutique du lait est toujours en vigueur chez les médecins de l’époque romaine. Ces derniers évoquent un vase « en forme de sein » permettant d’administrer du lait mélangé à des malades comme à des enfants. L’existence de petits récipients appelés communément par les archéologues « biberons » seraient-ils l’incorporation de ce vase, un moyen mis au point par les potiers et verriers antiques pour palier au lait d’une nourrice ou administrer une recette thérapeutique ? Rare témoin de la représentation de cet objet énigmatique, un relief d’époque augustéenne faisant référence à l’âge d’or et aux mythes de fondation des villes semble le suggérer.
Vino per gli Opikoi: l’esempio delle tombe preelleniche di Cuma
Authors: Del Mastro Barbara , Munzi Priscilla , Brun Jean-Pierre , Duday Henri , Garnier Nicolas
Published: November 2021

Il contributo presenta e discute i dati ottenuti dalla sinergia di più ambiti specialistico-disciplinari, archeologia, antropologia, botanica e chimica biomolecolare, nello studio di alcuni contesti funerari provenienti da un settore della necropoli preellenica di Cuma (Campania), indagata recentemente dal Centre Jean Bérard. Nello specifico, in occasione del programma di ricerca ANR-MAGI, è stato possibile procedere all’identificazione e caratterizzazione, attraverso l’analisi biomolecolare, dei resti di sostanze organiche intrappolati nei vasi d’impasto provenienti dall’insieme dei corredi di quattro sepolture primarie a inumazione entro fossa terragna, di cui tre maschili e una femminile, inquadrabili nella prima Età del Ferro. L’analisi dei contenuti effettuata sulle ceramiche pertinenti a “contesti chiusi”, ha permesso di riconoscere i prodotti della vite, nella fattispecie il vino, quale sostanza predominante. Tale dato trova corrispondenza nella prevalenza di forme vascolari adatte alla gestione di sostanze liquide, veri e propri “servizi per il consumo e la manipolazione del vino” composti da forme quali l’askos, l’anfora, l’olla, la brocca biconica e la tazza. L’impiego di una bevanda fermentata, prossima al vino, nel rituale funerario indigeno cumano e il carattere di sito di frontiera, a contatto con le popolazioni del Lazio meridionale, invitano a riconsiderare Cuma nel contesto culturale del Mediterraneo e del Tirreno.