bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
الفكر الاقتصادي في آراء ابن خلدون.
Authors: محمود محمد الحبيب
Published: June 2024

عرف ابن خلدون ، على صعيد الأكاديميين العرب والأجانب ، بأنه أبو علم الاجتماع وأحد ركائزه المهمة . إن مقدمة ابن خلدون تعتبر عملا رياديا أصيلا وبحثا علميا تحليليا وموسوعة للكيفية التي ظهرت وتطورت فيها المجتمعات البشرية ، ومعالجة عوامل الدفع وعوامل الشد أو الجذب التي أدت إلى التحرك الاجتماعي من جهة ، أو التي أدت إلى انهيار هذه الجتمعات وتأخرها . ورغم أن الأبواب التي في مقدمة ابن بفصولها الكثيرة جدا قد انصرفت في غالبيتها إلى معالجة الجوانب الاجتماعية ، فلم تحظ الجوانب الاقتصادية من الهيكل الاجتماعي إلا بفصول معدودة من أحاديث تكاد تكون مبتسرة جدا ، ولكن فقد كان هذا الجانب من أبرع صفحات التحليل الاقتصادي التي خلفتها القرون الوسطى وميز هذا الرجل عن غيره . ويتفق دارسو ابن خلدون على أنه قدم نموجا اقتصاديا تحليليا جيدا للتطور الاقتصادي وكيف يتم في مجتمعات انتقلت من مراحل البداوة اللامستقرة إلى استقرار ريفي زراعي ، إلى تمصير المدن ونموها وازدهارها اجتماعيا واقتصاديا وسياسيا . يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة ومناقشة ما جاء من آراء اقتصادية في مقدمة ابن خلدون .
دراسة إحصائية لنمط توزيع الدخل بين دول العالم (إنجليـــزي).
Authors: هناء خير الدين
Published: June 2024

يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة نمط توزيع الدخل بين بلدان العالم المختلفة باستخدام البيانات التي نشرها البنك الدولي للإنشاء والتعمير في أطلس سنة 1973 . وقامت الكاتبة بقياس درجة التفاوت في توزيع الدخل بين دول العالم التي يزيد عدد سكانها عن مليون نسمة عن طريق حساب معامل التركيز ورسم منحنى لورنز . كما قامت بدراسة نمط توزيع الدخل بين الدول داخل كل قارة من القارات المختلفة وبين هذه القارات وبعضها البعض محاولة تحديد خصائص هذا التوزيع وخاصة درجة تشتته والتوائه ، وحسبت أيضا معامل التركيز ومنحنى لورنز بالنسبة للدول في كل قارة وبالنسبة للقارات وبعضها . ثم انتقلت الكاتبة إلى دراسة نمط توزيع الدخل بين دول العالم مقسمة إلى ثلاث مجموعات : الدول ذات اقتصاديات السوق المتقدمة والدول التي تتبع التخطيط المركزي والدول المتخلفة . وأخيرا حاولت تحديد المعالم المستقبلة لاتجاهات النمو في هذه المجموعات الثلاثة.
المشروعات المشتركة الأسطورة والحقيقة.
Authors: وهبي غربال
Published: June 2024

كان ولا يزال موضوع آثار الاستثمار الاجنبي على اقتصاديات الدول النامية موضوع نقاش بين العديد من الباحثين فهل يؤدي الاستثمار الاجنبي إلى تحسين أوضاع البلد المضيف ؟ وان كان الجواب بالايجاب المشروط، فما هي تلك الشروط؟
ومثل هذه الاسئلة مرتبطة بسؤال أساسي وهام مؤداه:
ماهي علاقة المؤسسات التجارية الاجنبية بحكومة البلد النامي المعنية ، ولمن تكون السيطرة على المشاريع التي يجري تنفيذها ؟
هذا ويتحدث البحث عن أربعة ترتيبات معروفة ( للسيطرة الاجنبية ) 1- فرع مملوك تماما للشركة الاجنبية 2- المشاريع امشتركة 3- اتفاقيات الانتاج المشترك 4- واتفاقيات المساعدة الفنية.
الصناعة التحويلية في العالم العربي ، تقييم لواقعها وأهدافها.
Authors: عرفان شافعي
Published: June 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحديد وتقييم بعض المعالم الرئيسة لواقع الصناعات التحويلية وتطوراتها المستهدفة في اثنى عشر دولة عربية كونت فيما بينها مراكز الثقل الرئيسة للصناعات التحويلية في المنطقة العربية في السبعينيات . وقد تبين أن نسبة كبيرة من النشاط التحويلي تركز في عدد محدد فقط من هذه الدول موضع الدراسة . وبينت الدراسة أن إنتاج الصناعة التحويلية في الدول العربية لم يمثل إلا نسبة متواضعة من إنتاج الصناعة التحويلية لمجموعة الدول النامية ككل، كما أنه لم يشكل بالتالي إلا نسبة ضئيلة جدا من إنتاج الصناعة التحويلية في العالم.
نحو فهم جديد لقضايا علم الاجتماع.
Authors: محمد السيد الحسيني
Published: June 2024

شهدت العقود الثلاثة الماضية تطورات حاسمة وضعت علم الاجتماع الغربي في مأزق حرج . ومن أبرز هذه التطورات ميل علماء الاجتماع الغربيين إلى تقديم صور اجتماعية استاتيكية تكاد تخلو من أي خيال سوسيولوجي . وفي إطار هذه الصور ازداد الاهتمام بالمشكلات الجزئية التفصيلية في إطار نزعة امبيريقية مغالية . وكان نتيجة ذلك ظهور شغف بالغ بجمع الحقائق الكمية النوعية وإهمال المعاني التي تنطوي عليها الأفعال الاجتماعية ، بحيث بات واضحا أن تصميم المقاييس والإجراءات المنهجية المختلفة أصبح هدفا في حد ذاته . وقد ظهرت النزعة الإمبيريقية في علم الاجتماع – في بادىء الأمر – كرد فعل للنزعة التاريخية التي ظلت تمارس تأثيرا هائلا على علم الاجتماع ولفترة طويلة نسبيا من الزمان ، فضلا عن أن النزعة الإمبيريقية قد بدت وكأنها تتفق مع روح المجتمع الصناعي الغربي الحديث . يهدف هذا البحث إلى معالجة بعض القضايا النظرية والمنهجية في علم الاجتماع من منظور أكثر شمولا وعالمية . ويتناول هذا البحث الحواجز والعقبات العملية التي حالت دون انطلاقة هذا العلم – طوال عقود ثلاثة خلت – نحو ما أطلق عليه ميلز بحق الخيال السوسيولوجي . ويتناول البحث أيضا المشكلات النظرية الحقيقية في علم الاجتماع المعاصر .
عدم المساواة في التنمية بين الدول والقانون الدولي.
Authors: محمد يوسف علوان
Published: June 2024

يشغل موضوع التنمية في دول العالم الثالث مكانا هاما في العلاقات الدولية منذ نشأة منظمة الأمم المتحدة عام 1945 . وقد حظي الموضوع بأهمية أكبر في بداية الستينيات حين أصبح بمقدور المجتمع الدولي التركيز على التنمية بعد أن فرغ من تصفية الاستعمار . وكان لابد من ظهور مجموعة من القواعد القانونية الدولية الخاصة بالتنمية إلى جانب قواعد القانون الدولي التقليدية الخاصة بالسلم والأمن الدوليين . وتهدف هذه القواعد الجديدة إلى خدمة الفقراء وإلى جعل القانون الدولي العام قانونا يبتغي تحقيق العدالة الاقتـصادية في العلاقات بين الدول الغنية والفقيرة . ويطلق على هذه القواعد التي أصبحت تغزو القانون الدولي اسم القانون الدولي للتنمية . تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى كشف الظروف التي أدت إلى ولادة هذا القانون الجديد وإلى البحث في مضمونه الذي لايزال في طور التكوين . استعرض البحث في إيجاز مبدأ المساواة في السيادة بين الدول الذي لم يكن يسهل في ظله ولادة القانون الجديد . ثم تناول البحث عدم المساوة في الواقع وفي التنمية بين الدول والتعاون الدولي في مجال التنمية وأخيرا القانون الدولي للتنمية من حيث ظهوره والقيمة القانونية لأحكامه والمبادئ الأساسية التي يقوم عليها .
مص الأصابع.
Authors: سبع أبو لبدة
Published: June 2024

المص لدى الطفل حاجة طبيعية . أما تثبيت المص على شكل الإصبع فأمر متعلم أو مكتسب والقاعدة الذهبية في علاج مص الإصبع هي القيام بذلك في بدء نشوء العادة. ولفهم الأسباب المؤدية إلى هذه العادة ثم القضاء عليها يجب تحسين ظروف الطفل ومعاملته ، وتشجيع النواحي الإيجابية في سلوكه وشغل فراغه باللعب مع أقرانه وكذلك يديه وفمه بعمل يعلي من قيمته في نظره ونظر الآخرين . وأخيرا ، وليس آخرا ، إذا لم نهتد إلى سبب المص أو إذا لم نفلح في علاجه خير لنا أن نترك الطفل يمص إصبعه من أن نحطم شخصيته وندمر صحته النفسية بعقابه واتباع أساليب غير معقولة في العلاج . سيكبر الطفل يوما يوما وسيقلع عن هذه العادة أو يجد بديلا لها يرضى عنه المجتمع .
محكمة العدل الدولية في ضوء معالجتها لبعض النزاعات الدولية.
Authors: عبدالله الأشعل
Published: June 2024

في عام 1973 ظهرت بالجريدة الرسمية التركية خريطة توضح مناطق في بحر إيجه ترى تركيا أن لها حقوقا . وفي الوقت نفسه أعطت الحكومة التركية تصريحا للمؤسسة التركية للبترول للبدء في أعمال الكشف عن النفط في هذه المناطق . ولم تفلح مذكرات الاحتجاج اليونانية في وقف هذا العمل مما أدى إلى توتر شديد في الموقف السياسي والعسكري بين تركيا واليونان ، فسارعت اليونان إلى تقديم طلب للفصل في النزاع إلى محكمة العدل الدولية . تتناول هذه الدراسة أربع مسائل قانونية أثارت جدلا داخل محكمة العدل الدولية في المبحث الأول تقديم موجز لموقف المحكمة من طلب اليونان باتخاذ إجراءات تحفظية ضد العمل التركي . وفي المبحث الثاني أسباب رفض الطلب ، في ضوء سوابق المحكمة بصدد مسألة الإجراءات التحفظية ، وأيضا ظروف وأوضاع وشروط تقرير الإجراءات التحفظية . وفي المبحث الثالث الآثار القانونية المترتبة على امتناع أحد الأطراف عن المثول أمام المحكمة لتبين مدى صحة الموقف التركي في ضوء سوابق المحكمة وأقوال الفقهاء في هذا الشأن . وعالج المبحث الرابع نقطة تدور حول السؤال التالي : هل يجوز للمحكمة بحث اتخاذ إجراءات تحفظية في الوقت نفسه الذي يبحث فيه مجلس الأمن نفس النزاع ؟ وهل يمكن أن تكون إجراءات المجلس بصدد نفس النزاع ،وقبل أن تقرر المحكمة شيئا في الموضوع، بديلا عن المحكمة ؟ وتناول المبحث الخامس العلاقة بين اختصاص المحكمة ، وحقها في طلب أحد الأطراف تعيين قاض مؤقت ، مع تقدير موجز لنظام القاضي المؤقت .
Analysis of design features of chipper drive for chopping energy wood raw materials
Authors: Fokin Sergey , Medvedeva Polina , Popikov Viktor
Published: June 2024

One of the main directions of development of the forest and woodworking industry in this context is the use of the method of processing waste and low-quality wood into technological chips. This method allows to optimize the use ofbusiness wood resources, preserves forest areas, reduces the cost of reforestation and timber harvesting, and increases the share of timber yield from forest areas by 20-25%. "Green energy" undoubtedly has its costs, but is attractive for a number of other factors, for example, as a means for the state to take a conscious approach to its natural resources and environmental situation. Plant and woody biomass-based energy continues to gain popularity in many countries around the world, becoming a self-sustaining and competitive alternative to fossil fuels. Plantation forestry can become a breakthrough direction in ensuring the country's energy security on the basis of renewable energy sources. Fast growing plants such as poplar, willow and aspen are used to create energy forests. In the process of processing plantation forest products into wood chips, a wide range of chippers are used, which play an important role in the final product. They differ in terms of the type of cutting mechanism, mobility as well as the type of drive. At the same time, drive devices are the main element in the design of this equipment and have a significant impact on the choice of power plant and the parameters of the technological process of chopping raw materials. However, the issue of classification of chopping machines by type of drive has received insufficient development in the scientific literature. Therefore, in this paper the authors analyzed the types of drives of chopping equipment for wood raw materials, which can be the basis for creating the concept of a constructive scheme of new chopping equipment, characterized by high reliability of operation and safety of work production when chopping the products of energy forests into fuel chips.
Methodology for assessing the degree of biodegradability of plastics based on lignocellulose-containing raw materials without resins
Authors: Artemov Artem , Ershova Anna , Shkuro Aleksey , Buryndin Viktor
Published: June 2024

Currently, technologies have been developed and implemented to transform the biomass from lignocellulosic-containing raw materials (including wood), without the addition of synthetic binders, into composite materials with various applications. For these materials, the common term resinless "plastic", or abbreviated PWR, has become somewhat popular. The current test methods for determining the extent of biodegradation are not suitable for PWR. This facilitates determining the degree of biodegradability of PWR based on various pressing materials. A scoring-rating system was developed to assess the degree of biodegradability of PWR based on lignocellulosic raw materials, using the identified 5 main criteria when aged 85 days in the soil. The proposed scoring system was tested on samples of PWR derived from various pressing materials, including pine, birch, and larch sawdust, vegetative residues of knotweed and industrial hemp, wheat bran, and deciduous litter. The test results of PWR were processed using the proposed evaluation methodology, helping determine the potential for biodegradation of the investigated materials. In general, PWR-based materials can be characterized as materials with a high potential for biodegradation. The most potential for biodegradation can be considered PWR based on pine and leaf litter, which degrade as much as possible in the soil in 85 days. The established individual degrees of biodegradability of PWR based on various lignocellulosic raw materials were interpreted in the context of previously obtained results regarding the properties of the original raw materials. Thus, a conclusion was drawn that the degree of biodegradability of PWR is influenced by the properties of the original plant raw material under identical piezothermal treatment conditions during material production.
Efficient by Precision Algorithms for Approximating Functions from Some Classes by Fourier Series
Authors: Kolomys Olena
Published: June 2024

Introduction. The problem of approximation can be considered as the basis of computational methods, namely, the approximation of individual functions or classes of functions by functions that are in some sense simpler than the functions being approximated. Most often, the role of an approximant is played by a set of algebraic polynomials or (in the case of a periodic function) a set of trigonometric polynomials of a given order. The ideas and methods of approximation theory are used in various fields of science, especially applied areas, since tasks related to the need to replace one object with another, close in one sense or another to the first, but easier to study, arise very often.
The purpose of the paper is consider the problems of approximation of a function, which is given by its values in a certain set of nodal points on a certain interval and belongs to a certain class of functions by trigonometric Fourier series, using the quadrature formulas for calculating integrals of fast oscillating functions on this class of functions, which are optimal in accuracy and close to them. The main attention is paid to the study of the sources of error of the proposed approach to function approximation.
Results. Effective approximation algorithms from classes of differentiable functions with the help of Fourier series are proposed, using the Fourier coefficients optimal in accuracy and close to them on the given classes of quadrature formulas for calculating integrals of fast-oscillating functions to determine the Fourier coefficients. The error estimates of the proposed approximation algorithms using the quadrature formulas for calculating the Fourier coefficients of the optimal accuracy and close to them for calculating integrals of fast-oscillating functions from classes of differential functions with given values at the nodes of a fixed grid are presented. The corresponding quadrature formulas and constructive estimates of the error of the method of approximation of functions of these classes are given.
Conclusions. Efficient by precision algorithms for approximating functions from classes of differentiable functions by means of Fourier series are constructed using the optimal accuracy and close to them quadrature formulas for calculating integrals of fast-oscillating functions from the above classes of functions to calculate the Fourier coefficients. A comprehensive analysis of the quality of the constructed algorithms for approximating functions by finite sums of the Fourier series is carried out. Keywords: function approximation, Fourier series, Fourier series coefficients, quadrature formulas, approximation error.
Rapid Optical Variability In Radio-quiet Quasars
Authors:   ,   Cork Institute of Technology, Uppal Meenakshi
Published: June 2024

"Results from imaging and spectral surveys at radio wavelengths indicate that radio quiet quasars (RQQs) may have accretion-fuelled Super Massive Black Holes (SMBH) as their so-called central engines, similar to those hypothesised for radio loud quasars (RLQs). Recent evidence suggests that some RQQs may also harbour weak jets. Rapid optical variability is a common property of most RLQs with compact radio cores, flat radio spectra, and extended linear features emanating from the core and is linked to the presence of a powerful relativistically boosted jet. We present the results of a 3 year monitoring campaign of sixteen RQQs displaying evidence of compact cores and flat or inverted radio spectra. The objective of the campaign is to search for rapid optical variability. The observations were carried out mainly in the V-band for most of the sample. PG 16344-706 and E1821-f643 have been observed extensively in V, R, and B bands. Differential photometry is carried out using IRAF routines to calculate instrumental magnitudes. For differential photometry all of the suitable reference stars available on the CCD frame containing the RQQ are used. This is a novel approach which we believe leads to the best estimate of the quasar lightcurve. We find that in most cases the photometric accuracy attainable lies between ~ 40-50 millimag, based on the analysis of the scatter in the reference stars. This provides the most accurate (though conservative) estimate of the uncertainty in our observations. We also find that the errors calculated by IRAF routines are underestimated at least by a factor of 1.5. We also point out that instrumental effects can lead to spurious variability of « 50-80 millimag at these short timescales. We find no evidence for variability within a given night for any of our sources. We find evidence of marginal variability from night-to-night in PG0003-fl99 of 30 millimag. We find that the lack of observed ROV in our RQQ sample doesn’t necessarily imply the lack of a weak jet but that the contrast effects in the optical (where the flux is dominated largely by the luminous accretion disk in RQQs) may prevent us from detecting rapid variations that may arise in a weak jet given the limit of the photometric accuracy attained."
Enterprise Business Objects : Design And Implementation Of A Business Object Framework
Authors:   ,   Cork Institute of Technology, Schafer Kai-Uwe
Published: June 2024

"Software components representing business entities like customer or purchase order introduce a new way of Online Transaction Processing to business applications. Collaborating business objects allow to complete whole business processes as a single distributed transaction, instead of dividing it into queued steps, which sometimes even require user intervention. This IS due to the fact that business objects contain both business data and logic and that they incorporate multiple databases from different vendors and different geographic locations in a single transaction. Business objects cannot be used as stand-alone components, but require a framework of services that manage persistence, concurrent transactions, and state management. Business objects are placed in a component container that implements such a framework. The container transparently activates a business object when requested and deactivates it according to any garbage collection mechanism. It keeps transactional caches and synchronises concurrent access. It manages distributed transactions, which span several business objects, containers, and data sources. Throughout this thesis, I introduce the concept of business objects and their containers, and discuss the technical issues of persistence, transactions, and concurrency. 1 compare different types of application servers and discuss their ability to host business objects. In the prototypical implementation of a business object framework I propose a design for a component container and present solutions for the state management and concurrent access to fine-grained business objects by multiple transactions."
TARGETED USE OF COMPREHENSIVE GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT TOOLS IN CARDIOLOGY. PART I (literature review)
Authors: Лаптева Е.С. , Арьев А.Л.
Published: June 2024

Цель представленного обзора — демонстрация важности комплексного гериатрического обследования в кардиологии, включая гериатрические аспекты ведения данного контингента больных. До настоящего времени в РФ полностью отсутствует гериатрический подход к ведению пациентов кардиологического профиля, что предусматривает рассмотрение международного опыта по данному вопросу. Курация пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста осложняется наличием гериатрических синдромов и возраст-ассоциированных заболеваний, ведущих к ухудшению качества жизни, повторным госпитализациям, инвалидизации и риску смерти. Ведущим гериатрическим синдромом для врача-гериатра является старческая астения и множественная сопутствующая полиморбидная патология. Пациента, попадающего в стационар по неотложному состоянию, имеющего в анамнезе сердечно-сосудистую коморбидную патологию, в первую очередь рассматривают как пациента с высоким риском сердечно-сосудистых осложнений, опуская значение риска неблагоприятных исходов, включающее потерю независимости и нарушение функционального статуса. Данный обзор показывает важность определения старческой астении вне кабинета гериатра, обосновывая необходимость повышения квалификации врачей-кардиологов по гериатрии.

The purpose of this review is to demonstrate the importance of using a comprehensive geriatric examination in cardiology, including geriatric aspects of the management of this patient population. Until now, the Russian Federation has completely lacked a geriatric approach to the management of cardiological patients, which provides for consideration of international experience in this survey. The curation of elderly and elderly patients is complicated by the presence of geriatric syndromes and age-associated diseases leading to deterioration of quality of life, repeated hospitalizations, disability and risk of death. The leading geriatric syndrome in geriatric practice is senile asthenia and multiple comorbid polymorbid pathologies of the geriatric patient. A patient admitted to an acute care hospital with a history of cardiovascular comorbid pathology is primarily viewed as a patient at high risk for cardiovascular complications, omitting the risk of adverse outcomes, including loss of independence and impaired functional status. The following literature review demonstrates the importance of defining senile asthenia outside of the geriatrician’s office, justifying the need for advanced training for cardiologists in geriatrics.
STIMULASI PERKEMBANGAN BAHASA PADA ANAK USIA 4-5 TAHUN DI SEKOLAH BABY STAR MONTESSORI KARAWANG
Authors: Tanjani Rahmadina , Sepiawati Sonia , Shentia Shelpi Mellan
Published: June 2024

Perkembangan bahasa pada anak sangat penting,karena bahasa merupakan alat komunikasi pertama yang anak gunakan dalam berekspresi,menyampaikan keinginan dan minatnya. Anak yang mengalami keterlambatan berbicara dan mengalami kesulitan dalam artikulasi bahasanya maka harus dnegan cepat diberikan stimulus yang tepat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penyebab awal permasalahan,stimulus yang diberikan dan hasil stimulus yang diberikan pada anak. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif yang dimana peneliti mengambil data dan menijau langsung apa yang terjadi di lapangan. Dalam permasalahan ini, Stimulasi yang digunakan guru adalah dengan selalu mengajak anak untuk berkomunikasi,membacakan fonik sebelum dan sesudah selesai sekolah juga selalu membacakan buku cerita pada anak,sehingga anak dapat mendengar dan selalu berkomunikasi dengan guru juga teman yang hasilnya kosa kata dan artikulasi anak semakin meningkat baik.
Design and Practice of STEAM Interactive LED-Cube Teaching Aids
Authors: Liu Feng-Jung , Tseng Chung-Wei
Published: June 2024

STEAM education endeavors to integrate Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics into interdisciplinary learning. The development of interactive media design requires proficiency not only in programming and art but also in integrating emerging technologies and artistic concepts across various disciplines. However, existing curriculum frameworks frequently face challenges in adequately instructing and integrating skills relevant to interactive media development, including programming, 3D modeling, animation, and presentation. Due to limited knowledge, abilities, and time, students are hesitant to experiment with different display methods for showcasing their work. Despite recognizing the importance of cross-disciplinary integration, students' limited resources and learned abilities reduce their willingness to put this into practice. Therefore, we propose to provide a toolkit that allows students to learn and simplify the integration process of interactive media development, thereby encouraging students to have the intention of cross-domain collaborative creation and to implement the STEAM educational approach. The project focuses on designing Arduino modules integrated with Unity to implement a real-time display LED cube system, RLDS. Bluetooth or WiFi technology will be utilized to achieve the scalability of the LED cube modules. A communication package facilitates transmission of interactive data between the 3D content system and the Arduino-based LED cube display system. We anticipate that through the use of such RLDS teaching aids, students can learn various integrated applications of digital media technologies, which can be beneficial for their future interactive media creations.
Potencialidades do Google Drive no trabalho de revisão em um Instituto Federal: reflexões com base em uma perspectiva dialógica
Authors: De Souza Machado Ederson Henrique
Published: June 2024

O presente artigo expõe e discute algumas funcionalidades do Google Drive na atividade de revisão textual. Essa discussão tem o aporte metodológico e analítico da teoria dialógica do discurso e da concepção de escrita como trabalho. O texto apresenta, como resultados, os recursos da plataforma Google Drive – inserção de marcas no texto, áudios, links, comentários, fichas de revisão – os quais podem ser usados na interação discursiva de revisão textual, bem como discute sua especificidade enunciativa. O trabalho se coloca no escopo de pesquisas que reforçam a pertinência de investigações sobre a atividade de revisão para melhoria do processo de produção textual.
Palavras-chave: Revisão. Produção textual. Estudos dialógicos.
KDRT dalam Perspektif Maqashid Syariah
Authors: Catur Rohman Kusmayadi Rudy , Umam Khoirul
Published: June 2024

This article identifies the forms or types of violence that occur in the household, where violence against a partner is very bad and threatens a household where harmony is the goal. Good communication can also avoid domestic violence and can even prevent the causes of divorce. The research method for this research is qualitative literature study, research data collection refers to Law Number 23 of 2004, previous research with a Maqashid Syariah perspective. Maqashid Syariah with the concept of protecting the five main principles in Islam, namely preserving religion, soul, mind, lineage and property. This is where the teachings of the Islamic religion and laws play a very important role in becoming a guide in running the household. Data from the Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection from January to July 2023 recorded that 18,250 cases of domestic violences occurred in Indonesia. This incident is truly ironic in Indonesia, where with a high level of religious belief there are still many perpetrators of violence. Through the Maqashid Syari'ah approach, it tries to find the causes and effects of problems that arise in domestic violence and the law tries to become a guideline so that it can be understood and implemented, in order to avoid and minimize the causes of cases of violence to establish a good and harmonious household life in accordance with the teachings Islam and can be sakinah mawaddah warahmah.
Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Inquiry dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Fikih
Authors: Mudhofar  , Qodir Jaelani Abdul
Published: June 2024

This research began with low learning outcomes in fiqh subjects, one of the factors causing this was the lack of use of learning models that were appropriate for students. In this research the author tries to apply the inquiry learning model in an effort to improve learning outcomes. The problem formulation is whether the implementation of the inquiry learning model can improve fiqh learning outcomes. The focus of this research is 1) How to apply the inquiry learning model in improving learning outcomes in fiqh subjects. 2) To find out the learning outcomes of the class X B MA Modern Al Rifa'ie fiqh subject by applying the inquiry learning model. In this research, the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method was carried out in 2 cycles. In collecting data, researchers used observation methods, test methods, interviews and documentation. Meanwhile, for the analysis, researchers used descriptive analysis techniques, namely in the form of data reduction, data presentation and verification. This research went through several stages, namely preparation, implementation, data analysis and reporting stage. The results of the research show that the implementation of the inquiry learning model in fiqh subjects has been carried out according to the steps of the inquiry learning model and is going quite well. Meanwhile, the results of implementing the inquiry learning model can improve student learning outcomes in the learning process.
Key words: education; inquiry; improvement; learning outcomes; students
Peran Filsafat Islam dalam Pembentukan Spiritual Anak di Usia Dini
Authors: Nurhalisa Siti , Jahrah
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini membahas peran penting filsafat Islam dalam memenuhi kebutuhan jiwa dan raga anak usia dini melalui penerapan prinsip-prinsip moral dan nilai-nilai Islam dalam konteks pendidikan. Anak usia dini merupakan periode kritis dalam pembentukan karakter, dan pendidikan pada fase ini memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap perkembangan holistik individu. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggali literatur filsafat Islam dan pendidikan anak usia dini.Prinsip-prinsip seperti akhlak mulia, keadilan, dan kasih sayang menjadi dasar implementasi filsafat Islam dalam praktik pendidikan anak usia dini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan prinsip-prinsip ini melibatkan kebiasaan membaca Al-Qur'an, pembentukan karakter melalui kisah-kisah Islami, dan pembiasaan adab dan etika Islam. Implementasi ini memiliki dampak positif terhadap perkembangan moral, spiritual, dan fisik anak.Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi pada pemahaman tentang bagaimana filsafat Islam dapat menjadi landasan yang kuat dalam membentuk karakter anak usia dini. Kesimpulannya, penerapan prinsip-prinsip filsafat Islam dalam pendidikan anak usia dini dapat membantu menciptakan generasi yang memiliki nilai-nilai moral dan spiritual yang kokoh.
Penguatan Kompetensi Literasi Digital Guru dan Mahasiswa untuk Desain dan Produksi Konten Pembelajaran
Authors: Ahmad Zuhudy Bahtiar  , Ahdar  , Muh. Ilham Jaya  , Nur Eva Yanti
Published: June 2024

Kegiatan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memfasilitasi kolaborasi antara guru, mahasiswa, dan dosen dalam upaya penguatan kompetensi literasi digital, khususnya untuk mempermudah guru dalam pembuatan konten pembelajaran. Kegiatan ini terfokus pada bidang pendidikan sebagai wadah utama pengembangan kompetensi literasi digital. Metode yang diterapkan dalam kegiatan ini adalah Participatory Action Research (PAR), sebuah pendekatan yang membangun kolaborasi antara peneliti dan peserta untuk merancang penelitian, mengumpulkan data, dan mengambil tindakan guna memecahkan masalah sosial. Dalam konteks ini, mahasiswa mendapatkan bimbingan khusus untuk mengembangkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan digital, dengan tujuan agar mereka dapat menjadi Asisten Mentor Dosen selama pelatihan atau workshop kepada guru.Pelaksanaan workshop melibatkan guru dalam latihan desain materi ajar melalui slide interaktif menggunakan Canva, serta pembuatan rekaman video pembelajaran baik melalui Canva maupun melalui proses shooting di ruang studio. Dengan demikian, kegiatan ini tidak hanya meningkatkan kompetensi literasi digital guru, tetapi juga memberikan kesempatan bagi guru dan mahasiswa untuk mengaplikasikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan digital mereka. Output yang diharapkan dari kegiatan ini adalah mampu menghasilkan konten pembelajaran yang inovatif dalam bentuk slide presentasi interaktif maupun video pembelajaran. Kesuksesan program ini akan tercermin dari kemampuan guru-guru untuk mengintegrasikan literasi digital ke dalam pembelajaran mereka, menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang dinamis dan relevan dengan perkembangan teknologi.
PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS STSE DALAM MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR IPA DI MTS PONDOK PESANTREN NURUL HAQ BENTENG LEWO
Authors: IAIN Parepare Hardiana , Andi Meni
Published: June 2024

Abstrak:  Kondisi pesantren menjadi faktor keberhasilan belajar santri. Fakta di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa kurangnya metode, strategi, dan pendekatan yang digunakan dan selalu menggunakan metode ceramah sehingga kurangnya minat belajar santri khususnya belajar IPA ditambah lagi alat lab yang tidak memadai, solusi pembelajaran yang selalu dilakukan guru adalah dengan belajar diluar kelas sehingga dibutuhkan metode/strategi/pendekatan yang dapat mengubah pembelajaran menjadi seru dengan memanfaatkan lingkungan sekitar salah satunya adalah Pembelajaran Berbasis STSE, pembelajaran ini merupakan pembelajaran yang menggabungkan antara sains, lingkungan, teknologi, masyarakat. Dengan adanya pendekatan ini santri dapat menikmati proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan minat belajar IPA dengan menerapkan pembelajaran berbasis SETS (Science, Environment, Technology, Society). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan model Kemmis and Mctaggart. Subjek penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas XI MTS PP Nurul Haq Benteng Lewo yang berjumlah 36 orang. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah model interaktif Miles and Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rata-rata  minat belajar IPA dilihat dari tes dan karya yang dibuatnya. pada pra tindakan sebesar 44,44 % (kategori cukup), pada Siklus I sebesar 52,77 % (kategori baik), dan pada Siklus II sebesar 94,44% (kategori baik). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran berbasis SETS dapat meningkatkan Minat Belajar IPA Di Mts Pondok Pesantren Nurul Haq Benteng Lewo.
SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES IN INCREASING STUDENTS' LEARNING MOTIVATION IN PHYSICS SUBJECTS
Authors: Nabila Salsabila Annisa , Fajriyani, F
Published: June 2024

Salah satu faktor terpenting yang dapat mempengaruhi suatu keberhasilan belajar di sekolah adalah motivasi belajar. Motivasi belajar yang berada pada kategori rendah menjadi masalah bagi guru. Hal ini dikarenakan sebagai pendidik, guru diharapkan untuk dapat menciptakan inovasi yang baru sebagai salah satu upaya dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar terutama pada materi pembelajaran fisika. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian adalah mengetahui motivasi belajar Siswa kelas X IPA dalam bidang Fisika. Penelitian yang menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksperimen serta desain penelitian True Experimental ini dibentuk menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol yang nantinya akan diperlakukan dengan cara yang berbeda. Pengujian dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan uji dua sisi dengan tingkat signifikan 5% atau 0,05 yang merupakan nilai standar yang biasa digunakan dalam penelitian. Pada hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelas kontrol  dari 17 siswa 76,5% siswa berada pada kategori memiliki motivasi belajar tinggi dan 23,5% siswa berada pada kategori motivasi belajar sedang. Sedangkan hasil pada kelas ekperimen yaitu dari 16 siswa 100% siswa berkategori motivasi belajar yang tinggi. Berdasarkan uji analisis lebih lanjut, disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif pada pembelajaran berbasis pendekatan saintifik dengan peningkatan motivasi belajar peserta didik.
Aspects of Collinearity Property in Mechanics
Authors:   Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Transportation Engineering, University of Petrosani, Petrosani, Romania., Răzvan-Bogdan Itu  , Toderaș Prof. Mihaela ,   Department of Mining Engineering, Surveying and Underground Constructions, University of Petrosani, Petrosani, Romania.
Published: June 2024

Interdisciplinarity encourages students to make connections between different academic disciplines, fostering a deeper understanding of complex real-world problems. By integrating various subjects, students are able to develop critical thinking skills and apply their knowledge in practical ways. This approach not only enhances their learning experience but also prepares them for the challenges they may face in their future careers. In the paper, a strong connection between mathematics and mechanics has been demonstrated. It is important to note that the discussion of this topic is just scratching the surface of the many aspects that can be explored. This example highlights the principle of continuous learning and the endless possibilities for acquiring new knowledge in any field. The process of knowledge is infinite and always open to new contributions. By integrating knowledge from different disciplines, individuals can gain a holistic understanding of complex concepts and phenomena. This interdisciplinary approach fosters critical thinking skills and encourages creative problem-solving, enabling learners to tackle real-world challenges with a broader perspective. Additionally, the collaboration between disciplines promotes innovation and encourages the development of new ideas and solutions. This paper presents aspects regarding the application of the collinearity property in mechanics. The laws of motion of a rigid body, scalar functions of time are meant, which determine, in any moment of the motion, the position of the body in relation to a benchmark through the examples taken in the study were taken from point kinematics and rigid kinematics, also studying how the velocity and acceleration of the points of the solid body vary, in relation to the same reference system.
MACROECONOMICS OF THE VALUE OF THE PRODUCT OF THE COUNTRY’S FISHING INDUSTRY
Authors: Sergeev L. I. , Sergeev D. L.
Published: June 2024

The indicators of production and use of the cost of resources of goods and services in the prices of buyers of the Fishing and fish farming industry for 2012–2020 are analyzed. The dynamics of intermediate consumption, wages, profits, value added and the cost of output of the industry are considered. Econometric models of the dynamics of the value of the product of fishing and fish farming, the dynamics of the profit margin and the organic structure of the cost of production of RHC, the ratios of individual indicators of the value of the RHC product, the ratio of labor productivity indicators in the system of reproduction of the value of the RHC product for 2012–2020 are constructed. Conclusions are drawn about the numerical interaction of the studied cost indicators. The correlation coefficients of the cost of the product and its components in the prices of buyers of the Fishing and Fish farming industry for 2012–2020 are calculated and analyzed. The generally positive results of reflecting the requirements of economic laws in the processes of value reproduction in the agricultural sector have been revealed. The fundamental provisions of the hypothesis put forward are confirmed – the need for further development of the theory and practice of optimizing the proportions of cost reproduction in the agricultural sector. Based on the developed linear econometric statistical models, the necessity of accelerating the growth rate of the cost of means of production in comparison with the increase in the cost of living labor in the industry is proved.
FISHING ON THE RESERVOIRS OF THE TVER REGION: HISTORICAL RETROSPECTIVE AND THE PRESENT
Authors: Goryachev D. V. , Nikitenko A. I. , Gvozdarev D. A. , Smirnov A. A. , Stroganov A. N. , Kudinov M. Yu. , Bazarov M. I. , Solomatin Y. I.
Published: June 2024

The material was the data of trawl-acoustic surveys and fishing nets in the reservoirs of the Tver region during resource research in 2007–2022, as well as archival data. As a result of the closure of the fishery by the State Committee of the Russian Federation for Fisheries in 2007, in order to preserve and more efficiently use the ichthyofauna of rivers, lakes, reservoirs, there was a decrease in commercial fish stocks in the reservoirs of the Tver region. Also, due to an increase in the concentration of some fish species (bream, bream), infection with ligulosis has increased. Periodic outbreaks of this disease have already been noted in reservoirs after the closure of the fishery, which will lead to a decrease in the efficiency of natural reproduction and further to a decrease in the number of fish. Due to the lack of fishing in the reservoirs of the Tver region, the possibility of catching almost 32,3 thousand tons of fish was lost for 15 years, which in monetary terms amounts to 5,15 billion rubles.
3D szkennerek, technológiák alkalmazása az épületrégészetben és a műemlékvédelemben
Authors: Fehér András
Published: June 2024

A földi lézerszkennerek (TLS, Terrestrial Laser Scanning) alkalmazásának előnyeit az építészetben és a műemlékvédelemben ma már kevesen vitatják. Az épületekhez kapcsolódó információkat kezelő rendszerek (BIM, Building Information Management) és az ilyen jellegű munkafolyamatok, illetve szabványok megjelenése, széles körű elterjedése, a megbízható adatokra való igény még indokoltabbá tette ezen eszközök intenzívebb használatát. Sokan már elképzelni sem tudják a rekonstrukciók, átépítések tervezését pontfelhő alkalmazása nélkül, mások még küzdenek a technológia kihívásaival. Írásunkban 15 esztendő gyakorlati tapasztalatait foglaljuk össze, amiket régészeti lelőhelyek, várak, templomok, paloták mérése, digitalizálása, modellezése során szereztünk. A leírtakat a visegrádi műemlék együttes, kiemelten a Királyi Palota felmérésének különböző fázisaiban készült eredménytermékekkel is illusztráljuk. Az ásatások, objektumok felmérése során lehetnek olyan részletek (szobrok, domborművek, zárókövek, leletek), amelyek részletgazdag digitalizálásához a lézerszkenner felbontása (milyen sűrűséggel, hány milliméterenként rögzít pontokat) már nem elegendő. Ezekben az esetekben a strukturált fényű vetítésen vagy fotogrammetrián alapuló technológiákat alkalmazzuk; írásunkban ezekre az esetekre is mutatunk példát.
Revictimización de los niños, niñas y adolescentes en el Proceso Penal
Authors: Guerra Castañeda Sindy Julieta
Published: June 2024

OBJETIVO: distinguir los aspectos que conllevan la revictimización de los niños, niñas y adolescentes en el proceso penal guatemalteco, para con ello evitar la consecución de dichas prácticas judiciales y administrativas. METODO: análisis y síntesis de la normativa y doctrina aplicable a la actuación de los niños, niñas y adolescentes víctimas, en los procesos penales de Guatemala. RESULTADOS: se circunscriben a la obligatoriedad de los actores del sistema de justicia penal, de velar porque la actuación del menor víctima en un proceso penal, sea protegido y no revictimizado, o que esta última sea en lo posible cause el menor daño. CONCLUSIÓN: hay revictimización de los menores de edad, en los procesos penales, por lo que deberán actualizarse y mejorarse los protocolos de atención a estos actores del proceso penal.
Fikri Mülkiyete Liberteryen Bakış: Deontolojik ve Sonuçsalcı Yaklaşımlar
Authors: Didin Dilara Buket
Published: June 2024

Son yıllarda giderek artan sayıda liberteryen, fikri mülkiyet haklarının meşruiyetin- den şüphe duymaya başlamıştır. Liberteryenler, “sonuçsalcı” ve “deontolojik” olmak üzere iki felsefi çizgide konumlandırılabilir. Sonuçsalcı çizgidekiler, “laissez faire”in, toplumun tüm üyeleri ya da en azından çoğu tarafından tercih edilen fayda mak- simizasyonunu gerçekleştireceği fikrine dayanmakta; deontolojik çizgidekiler ise ahlaki normlardan hareket etmektedir. Makalede bu ayrıma istinaden fikri mülkiyeti kabul eden ve reddeden liberteryenlerin görüşleri ikiye ayrılarak incelenmiştir. Ayrıca liberteryen düşünürlerin görüşleri, ilk olarak öncü ve daha sonra modern liberteryenler olmak üzere kronolojik olarak ele alınmıştır. Son olarak bu makalenin temel odağı telif hakkı ve patenttir. Zira fikri mülkiyetle ilgili tartışmaların çoğunun telif hakkı ve patentin meşruiyetine odaklanmaktadır. Fikri mülkiyeti deontolojik çizgiden kabul eden düşünürler, Locke’çu emek teorisinden hareket etmekte; reddedenler, fikri mülkiyetin diğer insanların özgürlüğünü sınırlandıran devlet imtiyazları olduğunu ileri sürmektedir. Sonuçsalcı yaklaşımdan fikri mülkiyeti kabul edenler ise fikri mülkiyetin inovasyona teşvik ederek faydayı artırdığını iddia etmekte, reddedenler de bunun aksini savunmaktadır.
Comparative analysis of the epidemiological situation and the efficiency of the phthisiatric service in the Republic of Crimea and the Russian Federation
Authors: Makhkamova Z. R. , Golubova T. N. , Podgaynaya O. A.
Published: June 2024

Introduction. The epidemiologic situation of tuberculosis (TB) in the Russian Federation (RF) challenges regional TB services to improve their performance.

Aim. To assess the epidemiological situation of TB and the work of the phthisiatric service in the Republic of Crimea (RC) and the RF between 2018 and 2022.

Materials and methods. The epidemiological situation and the work of the phthisiatric service were analyzed using data from the Crimean Republican Clinical Center of Phthisiology and Pulmonology, the FSBI "National Medical Research Center for Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and the Russian Research Institute of Health. Statistical processing included the analysis of dynamic series.

Results. In 2018-2022 among the whole population of the RC, as in the RF, there was a trend of decreasing TB incidence and prevalence with a higher level of the indicator in the region. In RC, the rate of decline in TB incidence in the general population was higher than in the 0-17 age group. The proportion of children aged 0-14 years sick with TB in the RC compared to the RF was on average higher, with a more pronounced growth trend. The coverage of preventive examinations of the population and the proportion of detected TB patients in the RC were on average lower than in the country (by 1.5 and 1.3 times, respectively). The rate of decrease of the indicator in the region exceeded the national one. The ratio of morbidity to mortality in general, both in the RF and in the RC, had a positive trend. The rate of decrease of the indicator in the region exceeded the national one. The ratio of morbidity to mortality in general, both in the RF and in the RC, had a positive trend. In general, the rate of TB recurrence was decreasing in the country and the region. On average, the level of TB relapses in the RC exceeded the national level, but the rate of decrease in the indicator in the region was 4 times higher than in the RF.

Conclusion. Between 2018 and 2022, the epidemiological situation of TB in the RC, along with certain positive trends, was characterized by a number of problems, which, in our opinion, were due to the difficulties of the primary link and the anti-tuberculosis service during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Association of TAS2R3, TAS2R4 and TAS2R5 gene polymorphism with predisposition to asthma
Authors: Naumov D. E. , Gassan D. A. , Kotova O. O. , Sheludko E. G. , Afanas’eva E. Yu. , Sugaylo I. Yu. , Gorchakova Y. G.
Published: June 2024

Introduction. It is known that bitter taste receptors (TAS2R) are expressed on many cells of the respiratory system and their activation is accompanied by a wide range of potentially beneficial effects for the treatment of asthma.

Aim. To evaluate the influence of TAS2R3, TAS2R4 and TAS2R5 polymorphisms on the development of asthma, parameters of lung function and control of the disease.

Materials and methods. The study enrolled 240 patients with asthma of varying severity (mean age 43.9±1.03 years, 44.5% males) and 90 healthy volunteers (control group, mean age 38.0±1.09 years, 50% males). Lung function was assessed using standard spirometry, the disease control was determined by ACT questionnaire. Preliminary screening by minor allele frequency, prediction of functional significance and assessment of linkage disequilibrium allowed us to select TAS2R4 rs33920115 as a representative variant for the group of TAS2R3, TAS2R4 and TAS2R5 polymorphisms. Genotyping was performed by PCR with high-resolution melting analysis.

Results. rs33920115 polymorphism was significantly associated with asthma in codominant (p=0.01), dominant (p=0.006), recessive (p=0.03), log-additive (p=0.003) and multiplicative (p=0.003) genetic models. Carriage of the AA genotype was more often observed among patients with asthma (29.2% vs. 17.8%) while the GG homozygotes were prevalent in the control group (33.3% vs. 19.2%). The effect remained significant after adjustment for sex and age (OR 1.8; 95%CI (1.26-2.61), p=0.001 for log-additive model). We found no effect of rs33920115 on lung function and asthma control.

Conclusion. TAS2R4 rs33920115 polymorphism and associated variations in TAS2R3 and TAS2R5 genes may influence the predisposition to asthma development, probably due to changes in the expression of the corresponding receptors.