bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy Consumption and Carbon Footprint of the Port of Sines According to the Ghg Protocol
Authors: Batista Teresa , Vásquez Carmen Luisa , Ramírez-Pisco Rodrigo , Navas Luís Manuel , Figueira de Sousa João , Silva Patricia , Baptista Fátima , Marinho Lucas , Borges Francisco Antonio , Correa-Guimaraes Adriana , Araújo João , Bandeira Eduardo
Published: February 2025

To reduce the environmental impact of the maritime industry, international actions have been established since the adoption of the first International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea by Oil in 1954. Among these actions is the reduction of greenhouse gases emissions from shipping, including ports. The purpose of this study is to calculate the energy consumption and carbon footprint of the Port of Sines for the period 2018-2022, considering the diversity of activities at its terminals and modes of transport, as a first step towards achieving this decarbonization. For this purpose, the calculation methodology has been based on the three scopes defined in the Greenhouse Gases Protocol. The Port of Sines is representative of Portugal's maritime industry. Presently, it has five maritime terminals and other services managed by different concessionaires. The diversity of its operations makes the calculation methodology distinctive, and by providing a detailed assessment of this calculation, it fills a knowledge and information gap related to the decarbonization of multi-terminal and multimodal maritime ports. The main conclusion of the study is that, considering 2018 as the baseline, a non-linear relationship is shown between the independent variables (number of ships and total annual cargo) and the dependent variables (total energy consumed and carbon footprint), and different consumption and emission patterns among its terminals. This indicates that the measures to achieve decarbonization should be differentiated based on the logistical efficiency and typology of each terminal.
Sirtuins and Gut Microbiota: Dynamics in Health and a Journey from Metabolic Dysfunction to Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhra Mahmoud , Elahi Muhammad Affan , Tariq Aamira , Abu-Zaid Ahmed , Yaqinuddin Ahmed
Published: February 2025

Metabolic dysfunction leading to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) exhibits distinct molecular and immune signatures that are influenced by factors like gut microbiota. The gut microbiome interacts with the liver via a bidirectional relationship the gut-liver axis. The microbial metabolites, sirtuins and immune responses play a pivotal role in different metabolic diseases. This extensive review explores the complex and multifaceted interrelationship between sirtuins and gut microbiota, highlighting their importance in both health and disease, particularly in relation to metabolic dysfunction and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sirtuins (SIRTs), classified as a group of NAD+-dependent deacetylases, serve as crucial modulators of a wide spectrum of cellular functions, including metabolic pathways, the inflammatory response, and the process of senescence. Their subcellular localization and diverse functions link them to various health conditions, including NAFLD and cancer. Concurrently, the gut microbiota, comprising diverse microorganisms, significantly influences host metabolism and immune responses. Recent findings indicate that sirtuins modulate gut microbiota composition and function, while the microbiota can affect sirtuin activity. This bidirectional relationship is particularly relevant in metabolic disorders, where dysbiosis contributes to disease progression. The review highlights recent findings on the roles of specific sirtuins in maintaining gut health and their implications in metabolic dysfunction and HCC development. Understanding these interactions offers potential therapeutic avenues for managing diseases linked to metabolic dysregulation and liver pathology.
Building Resilient Supply Chains in the Face of Global Uncertainty: Insights from Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)
Authors: Johnson Harry
Published: February 2025

The resilience of supply chains has become a crucial factor in ensuring business continuity, particularly for SMEs navigating global uncertainties. This study explores the strategies adopted by SMEs to build supply chain resilience, focusing on risk assessment, supplier diversification, technological integration, collaborative partnerships, inventory optimization, and financial planning. The findings reveal a shift from reactive crisis management to proactive risk mitigation, highlighting how businesses have restructured their supply chain models to enhance adaptability. Supplier diversification has been instrumental in reducing dependence on single suppliers, while digital technologies have enabled real-time tracking, predictive analytics, and improved communication across the supply chain. Strategic collaborations with industry partners, trade associations, and government entities have also strengthened SMEs' ability to manage disruptions effectively.Inventory management practices have evolved, with firms moving away from just-in-time models to hybrid approaches that balance efficiency with resilience. The study also underscores the importance of financial preparedness, demonstrating how SMEs have leveraged liquidity management, external funding, and cost optimization to sustain operations during supply chain disruptions. These combined efforts illustrate that resilience is not merely a response mechanism but a strategic necessity for long-term sustainability. The study concludes that SMEs must continue investing in resilience-building measures to navigate ongoing and future uncertainties, ensuring stability and growth in an increasingly volatile global market.
Design Analysis of High and Low Loaded High- and Low-Pressure Axial-Flow Turbines for a Single Shaft 50 MWe Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Brayton Power Cycle
Authors: Laubscher Ryno , Rousseau Pieter , Pretorius Johannes , Du Sart Colin , van der Spuy Johan
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates the design optimization of high- and low-pressure axial-flow turbines within the context of a 50 MWe supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) Brayton power cycle, focusing on enhancing thermal efficiency and reducing costs for concentrated solar power applications. The study aims to evaluate and compare different loading design philosophies, emphasizing the balance between isentropic efficiency and mechanical stress. Through a analysis of design variables, the research identifies optimal turbine configurations that maximize efficiency while minimizing peak rotor stresses and overall volume. The results indicate that the selected non-dominant optimal solutions effectively exhibit a trade-off between efficiency and mechanical integrity. Notably, the optimal designs yield a 3% reduction in efficiency relative to the highest efficiency designs while achieving a 29% increase in peak rotor stress compared to the lowest stress designs. The findings reveal that for high-loading turbine designs, exceeding 90% efficiency as a design objective results in a significant increase in peak rotor stress, necessitating careful consideration of operational limits. Additionally, the paper presents Pareto fronts for non-dominating optimal solutions, highlighting the effectiveness of low-loading designs in maintaining a balance between efficiency and structural performance.
Enhancing Log‐Likelihood Ratios with Mutual Information on Three‐Reader One‐Track Detection in Staggered BPMR Systems
Authors: Rueangnetr Natthakan , Koonkarnkhai Santi , Kovintavewat Piya , Greaves Simon John , Warisarn Chanon
Published: February 2025

Because so much information is currently being shared online, there has been a sharp rise in the need for data storage devices over the past ten years. The main storage option is the hard disk drive (HDD), which is less expensive than some other types of data storage. Physical constraints, such as the superparamagnetic limit, are difficult to overcome using existing HDD technology. Consequently, bit-patterned magnetic recording (BPMR) has emerged as a potential solution, offering higher areal densities whilst maintaining thermal stability. Nevertheless, BPMR poses new challenges, such as inter-symbol interference and inter-track interference. Consequently, a number of approaches, such as staggered island layouts and array-reader magnetic recording, have been proposed to overcome these issues. However, this article proposes a three-reader one-track detection method to enhance data retrieval in a staggered BPMR system. Leveraging three-track reading for one-track detection, we obtain three readback signals that function as mutual data sequences. This substantially enhances the detection process in one-dimensional partial response maximum likelihood channels. Next, using these mutual data sequences, four novel techniques are presented to enhance bit-error rate (BER) performance and detection accuracy: hard-information flipping, maximum soft-information finding, bit-summation detection, and multilayer perceptron (MLP). This study shows that these proposed techniques can provide better BER performance compared with conventional methods and that the MLP is the most effective technique in enhancing system performance.
Cooperative Effect of Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation and Rice Variety Improvement on Increasing Yield and Water Use Efficiency
Authors: Meng Qinghao , Jing Wenjiang , Zhang Nan , Sun Rumeng , Yin Jia , Zhang Ying , Shi Junyao , He Feng , Liu Lijun , Zhang Jianhua , Zhang Hao
Published: February 2025

Enhancing rice (Oryza sativa L.) productivity and optimizing water use efficiency (WUE) are critical for advancing sustainable agricultural practices. This study selected six mid-season indica rice varieties to investigate the impacts of alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWD) and conventional irrigation (CI) on grain yield, WUE, grain filling, and root traits. A two-year field experiment demonstrated that AWD significantly enhanced grain yield and WUE. Flag leaf photosynthetic rate and root characteristics, including root weight, root length, root absorbing surface area, root oxidation activity, and zeatin (Z) + zeatin riboside (ZR) contents in panicles, roots, and root bleeding, were superior under AWD across early, mid, and late grain filling stages. The flag leaf photosynthetic rate and root traits, such as root weight, root length, root absorbing surface area, root oxidation activity, and zeatin (Z) + zeatin riboside (ZR) contents in panicles, roots, and root exudates, were found to be superior under AWD during the early, mid, and late grain filling stages. Notably, AWD delayed root senescence during the grain filling stage, which sustained root activity and promoted grain filling, particularly in inferior spikelets. These results indicate that AWD is a promising irrigation regime to improve rice yield and WUE by optimizing grain filling and root traits.
Essential Dimensions of Internal Sharia Capital to Enhance Business Performance of Sharia Banking in Indonesia
Authors: Thaib Irwan , Puspaningrum Astrid , Hussein Ananda Sabil , Prabandari Sri Palupi
Published: February 2025

Purpose
Sharia banks in Indonesia are having difficulty competing with conventional banks and maximizing their business performance. Several perspectives underline the importance of internal resources in optimizing the company’s business performance. This study seeks to measure internal resources found in the largest sharia bank in Indonesia and see its influence on the company’s business performance. This study also examines the mediation of innovation and collaboration strategies in the influence of internal sharia capital on business performance.
Design/methodology/approach
The research was conducted on the largest sharia bank in Indonesia, Bank Syariah Indonesia, through quantitative study using PLS-SEM with SmartPLS software. A total of 285 managers from across the country were involved in this study.
Findings
The results confirm that internal sharia capital positively and significantly affect business performance, innovation strategies, and collaboration strategies. Innovation and collaboration strategies also significantly influence business performance, giving both a significant mediation role to the main relationship.
Originality
The originality in this research lies in the integration of resource-based view theory (RBV) as the grand theory with resource-advantage theory (R-A) as the middle-range theory. A greater percentage of indirect influence compared to direct influence indicates that the combination of these two theories has proven to give highly significant results on BSI's business performance. This research also proves that internal sharia capital enhanced with innovation and collaboration strategy can give more positive effects to business performance.
Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV) Subgroups in the Wallonia Region of Belgium
Authors: Demil Anneliese , Dourcy Mickaël , Garigliany Mutien-Marie , Cassart Dominique , Grégoire Fabien , Evrard Julien , Desmecht Daniel , Bayrou Calixte , Boshra Hani
Published: February 2025

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is a major pathogen of the bovine respiratory disease complex (BRD) and causes regular severe winter outbreaks of respiratory disease in cattle. It is therefore responsible for important economic losses for the farming industry. In this study, the genetic diversity of circulating BRSV strains in Belgium, which has not been assessed since the end of the 1990’s, was investigated. We analysed 51 BRSV-positive samples collected from 2015 to 2023. Genetic analysis of the BRSV G partial gene sequences revealed the presence of BRSV strains belonging to the subgroups VII and VIII recently identified in Europe. Furthermore, co-circulation of subgroups II and III were recorded in the same period. Four commercially available vaccine strains marketed for Belgium were also included in the analysis and they clustered with subgroups II or III. Our findings that different strains of BRSV are circulating in Belgium highlight the importance of ensuring that available vaccines efficiently protect against strains from circulating subgroups and of assessing potential circulation of attenuated vaccine strains.
The Impact of the Human Factor on Communication During a Collision Situation in Maritime Navigation
Authors: Misztal Leszek , Hatlas-Sowinska Paulina
Published: February 2025

In the article, the authors draw attention to the significant impact of the human factor during collision situations in maritime navigation. The problems in the communication process between ship drivers are so excessive that the authors propose automatic communication. It would be an alternative method to the current one. The presented system comprehensively performs communication tasks during a sea voyage. To reach mentioned goal AI methods of natural language processing and additional properties of metaontology (ontology supplemented with objective functions) are applied. Dedicated to maritime transport application, the model for translating a natural language into an ontology consists of multiple steps and uses AI methods of classification for the recognition of a message from the ship’s bridge. The reverse model is also multi-stage and uses the created rule-based knowledge base to create natural language sentences built on the basis of the ontology. Validation of the model's accuracy results was conducted through accuracy assessment coefficients for information classification, commonly used in science. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves represent the results in the datasets. Our study confirmed the correctness of the assumptions, the designed system architecture and the algorithms developed in the prototype.
The Italian Ocean Sound Sub-System to Monitor the Soundscape of the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Sanfilippo Simone , Bonanno Danilo Luigi , Di Mauro Letizia Stella , Diego-Tortosa Didac , Idrissi Abdelghani , Riccobene Giorgio , Viola Salvatore
Published: February 2025

The aim of the Italian Integrated Environmental Research Infrastructures System (ITINERIS) project is to establish the Italian Hub of Research Infrastructures within the environmental scientific domain. ITINERIS seeks to facilitate the observation and investigation of environmental processes across the atmosphere, marine domain, terrestrial biosphere, and geosphere. The project also endeavors to promote sustainable, cross-disciplinary research by leveraging existing data and services, emphasizing accessibility for users. The cornerstone of this initiative is the creation of the ITINERIS HUB, designed to provide users with seamless access to data and services. Notably, ITINERIS opts for the optimization and harmonization of existing data centers rather than creating new ones. The project will fortify these centers through various activities, with a particular focus on enhancing the Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable paradigm across all participating entities. This contribution highlights the role of Laboratori Nazionali del Sud of Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in the project. LNS is leading the Italian Ocean Sound sub-system in the contest of the marine domain of ITINERIS. An overview on the acoustic data acquisition chain and storage will be reported, with a particular insight into the use of high-sensitivity and large band-width hydrophones installed on the mooring station of LNS for real-time and long-term data capture. Hydrophones’ data are continuously transmitted to shore and analyzed. A selection of raw data and sound pressure levels in third-octave bands are calculated and stored to study the soundscape at the site.
The Interplay of Drug Delivery Systems: A Comparative Study of Nanocarriers and Vesicular Formulations
Authors: Sengar Ashutosh
Published: February 2025

During the past years, breakthroughs in drug delivery systems, especially nanocarriers, such as liposomes, proniosomes, and nanoparticles, have occurred in various medical fields, significantly changing therapeutic approaches. Nanocarriers may offer enhanced drug stability, targeted delivery, and improved bioavailability, thereby answering some of the major concerns related to traditional drug formulations. This review aims at the central dogma, mechanism, and practical applications of drug delivery through the use of liposomes and proniosomes as a mean for improving efficacy as well as minimization of toxic side effects that accompany some medicinal drugs. Paper explores surface modifications for targeted therapy with nanotechnology into precision medicine through receptor-mediated targeting for increased positive treatment outcome. The review has highlighted the potential of liposomal antibiotics in fighting antibiotic resistance, the possibility of herbal drug delivery systems using nanocarriers, and the bright future of drug delivery hybrid platforms emerging from the integration of vesicular and non-vesicular systems. Despite all the challenges of translating science to the clinic, continuous innovation in nanocarriers and targeted therapeutics clears its way towards achieving personalized medicine and bettering patient outcomes as a new paradigm for dealing with complex diseases.
Impact of Loop Electrosurgical Excision (LEEP/LLETZ) on the Quality of Sexual Life In Women of Reproductive Age – a Prospective Longitudinal Study
Authors: Suchonska Barbara Ewa , Sikorska Michalina , Majewska Agata , Dominiak Monika , Salloum Daria , Antosik-Wójcińska Anna , Mierzejewski Pawel , Zyguła Aleksandra
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide, with the leading risk factor being high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV); persistent HR-HPV infection leads to cervical dysplasia [1,2,3,4]. With early screening and, if indicated, therapeutic strategies such as loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) and large loop excision of transformation zone (LLETZ), morbidity and mortality in this population is decreasing. However, it is suspected that these procedures may have an impact on sexual dysfunction. Methods: In this single-centre prospective longitudinal study, we recruited patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and HR-HPV positive result and evaluated the impact of LEEP/LLETZ on their sexual life and psychological well-being. All participants received two questionnaires - the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the Brief Index of Sexual Function-Women (BISF-W) – after diagnosis, before treatment and three months after the procedure. Results: A total of 40 women aged 28 to 55 years were enrolled. The study showed no significant changes in both FSFI (F(1,39) = 0.774; p = 0.38) and BISF-W total scores (F(1,39) The study revealed that 32/40 (80%) of participants based on FSFI either exhibited no change or improved sexual function. Only 3/40 (7.5%) mentioned sexual dysfunction after procedures. The study also found that the mean score for sexual function based on the FSFI was 2.80; p = 0.102. Conclusions: The findings suggest that patients qualified for LEEP/LLETZ can be reassured that the anxiety they experience prior to treatment is not necessarily justified. This provides evidence on the safety of loop excision procedures in terms of sexual functioning after the procedure. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to analyse potential risk factors that may contribute to adverse sexual outcomes and to achieve a better understanding of this complex problem.
Comparative Analysis of the OF-5 and OFI-8 Tools in Assessing Oral Frailty and Their Association with Systemic Health Indicators
Authors: Kusunoki Hiroshi , Tsuji Shotaro , Ekawa Kazumi , Kato Nozomi , Yamasaki Keita , Yoshihara Fumiki , Shimizu Hideo
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Oral frailty, defined as an age-related decline in oral function, represents a significant risk factor for adverse health outcomes, though it can be mitigated through early intervention. The Oral Frailty Five-item Checklist (OF-5), introduced in 2023, assesses oral frailty using five indicators: reduced number of teeth, difficulty chewing, difficulty swallowing, dry mouth, and low articulatory oral motor skills. Designed for use beyond dental clinics, the OF-5 has demonstrated predictive validity for physical frailty and mortality. Similarly, the Oral Frailty Index-8 (OFI-8) comprises eight items evaluating oral health, social participation, and dental habits. Methods: This study compared the OF-5 and OFI-8 tools and investigated their associations with physical and biological markers. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 270 Japanese participants aged ≥ 65 years (mean age: 77.6 ± 7.3 years). The assessments included blood tests, physical measurements, and grip strength evaluation. Participants were categorized by sex and oral frailty risk based on OF-5 scores (non-frailty: ≤ 1; frailty: ≥ 2). Results: Oral frailty, defined as an OF-5 score ≥ 2, was observed in 40.7% of the participants (33.8% in men and 47.4% in women). Both the OF-5 and OFI-8 scores were higher in women than in men. Sex-specific differences in physical and biological markers were evident; men exhibited higher grip strength, whereas women had a higher prevalence of anemia and osteoporosis. Women were also more likely to report reduced masticatory ability and lower levels of social participation. A high concordance rate of over 80% was observed between oral frailty (OF-5 score ≥ 2) and high-risk oral frailty (OFI-8 score ≥ 4). Conclusions: These findings highlight the utility of subjective questionnaires in assessing oral frailty and emphasize the need for longitudinal studies to evaluate their predictive accuracy for physical frailty.
Vaccination and Platelet Biology: Unraveling the Immuno-Hemostatic Interplay
Authors: Ratnapriya Sneha , Yabaji Shivraj M
Published: February 2025

Platelets, which have been traditionally associated with hemostasis and thrombosis functions, now receive attention for their role in immune responses that may affect vaccine development and effectiveness. Through their interactions with immune cells and modulation of inflammation alongside their role in antigen presentation, platelets become integral components of both innate and adaptive immune systems. New research shows platelets can improve vaccine effectiveness while reducing adverse side effects. During vaccine administration, platelets release cytokines and chemokines, which attract and stimulate immune cells to the injection site. Platelets work together with dendritic cells and T cells to support antigen processing and presentation, which leads to strong immune activation. Platelets' pro-inflammatory mediators strengthen local immune responses to boost protective immunity generation. Significant attention has been given to platelet involvement in vaccine-related thrombotic events, including vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT). The rarity and severity of these events demonstrate the need to investigate the complex interplay between vaccine mechanisms and platelet activation. Exploration of the platelet-immune axis can lead to new methods for improving both the effectiveness and safety of vaccines. Researchers are working on creating innovative approaches for treatments that target platelet receptors and thrombosis pathways without interfering with the regular hemostatic functions of platelets. New vaccine development methods and personalized immunization strategies can emerge from targeting platelets with adjuvants and immune modulators.
Transforming IT Burnout Prevention with Centralized Work Pattern Monitoring Powered by AI
Authors: Barnabas Barnty , Marvelous Olatunji
Published: February 2025

The IT industry faces a growing challenge in managing employee burnout, a condition driven by excessive workloads, long hours, and high levels of stress. Traditional methods of burnout prevention often fall short, as they fail to provide real-time insights into employee work patterns. This article explores a novel approach to addressing IT burnout through centralized work pattern monitoring powered by Artificial Intelligence (AI). By leveraging AI-driven systems, organizations can collect and analyze comprehensive data on employee work behaviors, including hours worked, task completion, and engagement levels, in real-time. The study highlights the potential of these systems to detect early signs of burnout, allowing for timely interventions such as workload adjustments and personalized support. Key findings indicate that AI-driven monitoring leads to significant reductions in burnout symptoms and work overload, improving both employee well-being and productivity. This approach offers a sustainable and scalable solution for organizations to manage burnout more effectively, enhancing employee retention and long-term performance. The article concludes with recommendations for integrating AI-powered monitoring systems into workplace practices, emphasizing transparency, employee trust, and a holistic approach to mental health support.
Spatio-Temporal Evolution and Economic Assessment of Sediment and Nutrient Retention Service in Ifrane National Park Based on InVEST Models
Authors: Sadgui Oumayma , Khattabi Abdellatif , Dichane Zouhir
Published: February 2025

Sediment and nutrient retention (SNR) are a key ecosystem service for maintaining water quality and preventing soil erosion, particularly in watershed areas that are vulnerable to land-use dynamics and climate change. This study focuses on the upper Beht watershed, the most ecologically significant basin within the Ifrane National Park (INP), which plays an essential role in sustaining downstream water systems while being exposed to pressures from human activities and land-use transformations. This research analyzed historical land use data from 1992 to 2022 using Google Earth Engine. Next, employed the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST 3.10.2) software to quantify and map the impacts of ongoing land use changes on the watershed's capacity to retain sediments and nutrients. Finally, used the damage costs avoided method for economic assessment of SNR service. Our findings indicate a positive trend in SNR service provision following the park's establishment, with notable improvements in areas targeted by reforestation and conservation interventions. This study underscores the significance of continuous SNR service monitoring, offering park managers robust data to advocate sustained conservation efforts among policymakers and relevant stakeholders. Furthermore, these results highlight the need to engage local communities in sustainable land management practices, fostering a collaborative approach to enhance the ecological resilience and long-term integrity of Ifrane National Park.
Challenges and Innovations in LLM-Powered Fake News Detection: A Synthesis of Approaches and Future Directions
Authors: yi jingyuan , Xu Zeqiu , Huang Tianyi , Yu Peiyang
Published: February 2025

The pervasiveness of the dissemination of fake news through social media platforms poses critical risks to the trust of the general public, societal stability, and democratic institutions. This challenge calls for novel methodologies in detection, which can keep pace with the dynamic and multi-modal nature of misinformation. Recent works include powering the detection using large language model advances in multimodal frameworks, methodologies using graphs, and adversarial training in the literature of fake news. Based on the different approaches which can bring success, some key highlights will be underlined: enhanced LLM-improves accuracy through more advanced semantics and cross-modality fusion for robust detections. The review further identifies critical gaps in adaptability to dynamic social media trends, real-time, and cross-platform detection capabilities. Future directions underline the development of style-agnostic models, cross-lingual detection frameworks, and robust policies with a view to mitigating LLM-driven misinformation. This synthesis thus lays a concrete foundation for those researchers and practitioners committed to reinforcing fake news detection systems with complications that keep on growing in the digital landscape.
Neurobiological Relationships Between Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Mood Disorders
Authors: Bertollo Amanda Gollo , da Silva Brunna Varela , Martins Marcio , Bagatini Margarete Dulce , Ignácio Zuleide Maria
Published: February 2025

Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and mood disorders (MDs), including major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder, present significant global health challenges due to their high prevalence and profound impact on quality of life. Emerging evidence highlights overlapping neurobiological mechanisms between NDDs and MDs, including shared genetic susceptibilities, neurotransmitter dysregulation (e.g., dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways), neuroinflammation, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction. Environmental factors, such as early-life adversity, further exacerbate these vulnerabilities, contributing to the complexity of their clinical presentation and comorbidity. Functional neuroimaging studies reveal altered connectivity in brain regions critical for emotional regulation and executive function, such as the prefrontal cortex and amygdala, across these disorders. Despite these advances, integrative diagnostic frameworks and targeted therapeutic strategies remain underexplored, limiting effective intervention. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the shared neurobiological underpinnings of NDDs and MDs, emphasizing the need for multidisciplinary research to develop unified approaches for diagnosis and treatment. Addressing these intersections can improve clinical outcomes and enhance the quality of life for individuals affected by these disorders.
@JavaScript: Augmented JavaScript
Authors: Petrila Iosif Iulian
Published: February 2025

The augmented JavaScript programming language completed as general computing instrument concept, referred as @JavaScript, is presented. The augmentation consists in the minimalist dialectal completion of the language, keeping compatibility with the standard version, in order to transform the language into a general-purpose language and to expand its use as universal programming instrument suitable in any computing system areas and for any type of computing device. The augmentation includes integrating existing high and low level elements along with introducing new elements in order to be transformed into a bootstrap-type self-hosting language, scalable and flexible in being usable in any type of computing processing and contexts as a ubiquitous instrument, suitable for incorporating natural languages and other present and future computing paradigms.
The Riemann Hypothesis Remains Unresolved: Fundamental Discrepancy in Computational Methods for the Widely Accepted Nontrivial Zeros of the Riemann Zeta Function, ζ(s)
Authors: Kashyap Ashok Kumar
Published: February 2025

The long-standing mathematical problem, the Riemann Hypothesis, states that all nontrivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function ζ(s) lie on the line Re(s) =1/2. This study examines the computational methods used to determine nontrivial zeros, such as ½ + 14.13472514i, ½ + 21.02203964i, ½ + 25.01085758i, and others of ζ(s).The analysis finds that these methods are derived from the equation ξ(s) =(s/2) (s-1) (π)-s/2 Γ(s/2) ζ(s), by assuming that zeros of functions ζ(s) and ξ(s) are identical. However, the graphical examination of the locations of zeros of both functions, suggests this assumption is incorrect, rendering the computational methods flawed. Consequently, the widely accepted zeros computed using these methods, might not actually be zeros of ζ(s). In addition, the formula for the number of zeros N(T) on the line s=1/2 in a specific interval [0, T], based on the same assumption is also invalid. The study offers a new perspective on the Riemann Hypothesis by highlighting potential flaws in existing methods used for computing zeros of ζ(s). This finding could contribute to ongoing efforts to resolve the hypothesis.
Short-Term Supplementation with 100% Bilberry Products and Its Effects on Body Composition and Lipid Profile in Overweight/Obese Women
Authors: Habanova Marta , Bihari Maros , Latal Radek , Gažarová Martina , Lenártová Petra , Pastrnakova Jana , Hamulka Jadwiga
Published: February 2025

Overweight and obesity are major public health concerns, often leading to increased cardiovascular risk. This eight-week intervention study examined whether regular consumption of two natural bilberry products could improve body composition and li-pid profiles in overweight/obese women. A total of 30 participants (aged 50–60 years) were assigned to consume either 125 mL/day of 100% bilberry juice or 10 g/day of 100% bilberry fibre, while maintaining their habitual diets and lifestyles. Although no signif-icant changes were found in anthropometric parameters or blood pressure in either group, both interventions reduced LDL-C and increased HDL-C. Surprisingly, total cholesterol levels rose (in the bilberry juice group from 6.41 ± 1.23 mmol/L to 6.94 ± 1.30 mmol/L (p < 0.001), in the fibre group from 6.06 ± 1.39 mmol/L to 6.43 ± 1.05 mmol/L (p = 0.046), likely due to elevated HDL-C (p < 0.001) overshadowing the drop in LDL-C (p < 0.05). Triacylglycerols did not change significantly and were still within the reference range. Notably, the bilberry juice group experienced a significant reduc-tion in atherogenic small dense LDL (sdLDL) subfractions, suggesting a favourable shift in cardiovascular risk factors. These findings highlight the potential of bilber-ry-based products as a supportive strategy for improving lipid profiles in over-weight/obese women.
Artificial Intelligence: The Future of Managing Product Color Variations
Authors: Barnabas Barnty , Marvelous Olatunji
Published: February 2025

As industries continue to face the challenge of maintaining color consistency in mass production, Artificial Intelligence (AI) emerges as a transformative solution for managing product color variations. This article explores the potential of AI-driven systems in revolutionizing color variation management across industries such as fashion, automotive, electronics, and packaging. Traditional methods, including manual inspection and basic software tools, often struggle with scalability, accuracy, and real-time color correction. AI technologies, such as machine learning algorithms and computer vision, offer significant advancements by enabling real-time color tracking, error detection, and correction during production. Through a mixed-methods approach, the study investigates the effectiveness of AI in reducing color discrepancies, improving production efficiency, and enhancing consumer satisfaction. The results show that AI-based systems lead to notable improvements in color consistency, reduced production waste, and cost savings. Additionally, consumer perception of product quality is enhanced when color consistency is optimized through AI. This article also addresses the challenges of AI adoption, such as integration with existing workflows and workforce training, while providing recommendations for industries looking to implement AI for color management. Ultimately, AI stands as a promising future for optimizing product color variations, offering both operational and customer satisfaction benefits.
AI‐Driven Logistics: Understanding the Transformational Impact on Global Supply Chain Networks
Authors: Jones Jennifer
Published: February 2025

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly impacted various sectors, particularly in supply chain management (SCM). This study investigates the transformative effects of AI technologies on SCM, focusing on efficiency, operational resilience, and sustainable practices. By conducting a comprehensive literature review and analyzing recent advancements, the research identifies key AI applications such as predictive analytics, automation, and machine learning that facilitate improved decision-making processes and resource allocation. Furthermore, this study explores the challenges organizations face when implementing AI, including workforce adaptation, data security, and ethical concerns. Through qualitative research methodologies, including thematic analysis, the study synthesizes insights from industry professionals to uncover the practical implications of AI integration in supply chains. The findings reveal that companies leveraging AI technologies experience enhanced operational efficiency, reduced costs, and increased customer satisfaction. However, successful implementation necessitates a cultural shift within organizations, emphasizing the importance of training and reskilling employees to foster collaboration between humans and AI systems. Additionally, the study underscores the significance of establishing transparent practices to build trust among stakeholders. Ultimately, this research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on AI in SCM, providing a framework for organizations aiming to navigate the complexities of digital transformation. The implications of this study are vital for practitioners and researchers alike, as they highlight the critical role AI plays in shaping the future of supply chain dynamics.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding the COVID-19 Vaccine for Children: A Questionnaire Survey at the 18-Month Health Check-Up
Authors: Horiuchi Hisayo , Kusama Yoshiki , Matsuo Hiroo , Kutsuna Satoshi
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: COVID-19 vaccination rate among children in Japan is low. This study aimed to address the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding parental COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among parents with infants. Methods: We conducted a paper-based, household. Survey asked COVID-19 vaccination status, knowledge and attitudes among households with a vaccinated child, knowledge and attitudes among households with a non-vaccinated child, and intention to vaccinate among households with a non-vaccinated child. To analyze the factors associated with parental behavior, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results: Response sheets were mailed to 1,060 households, and 960 children; and 665 respondents agreed to participate in the study. Only 3.8% of the children received the COVID-19 vaccine. In the multivariate analysis, parents who received three or more doses of the COVID-19 vaccine was associated with the child’s vaccination status (adjusted OR 8.24, p < 0.01). Among respondents with a vaccinated child, 28.0% and 28.0% answered that vaccines can prevent long-term effects and complications and that COVID-19 is a serious infection, respectively. Sixteen percent said that social media platforms influenced their decision to vaccinate. Among the respondents with a non-vaccinated child, 38.9% answered that they had insufficient data on vaccine safety, while 26.7% answered that television and online news influenced their decision. Only 1.2% answered that they were planning to get the COVID-19 vaccine in the future. Conclusions: This KAP survey found a low rate of vaccination against COVID-19 among infants. These findings will contribute to the formulation of future public health practices.
Sustainable Human Resource Management in Emergencies: The Case of the Lithuanian Logistics Sector
Authors: Čižiūnienė Kristina , Voronavičiūtė Gabrielė , Marinkovic Dragan , Matijosius Jonas
Published: February 2025

Corporate operations, especially in logistics, have been greatly affected by global instability caused by events like the COVID-19 pandemic and the Ukraine war. This study looks at how sustainable human resource management (HRM) strategies are used in the Lithuanian logistics industry during crises. It focuses on how organizations stay strong, the stress factors involved, and how employees adjust. We used a study method that focuses on understanding people’s experiences to find important challenges and effective solutions, based on input from experts. The results show that employees mostly face problems with IT issues, being always available, working extra hours, and adjusting to hybrid work arrangements. Businesses that had psychological support, open schedules, and digital tools were better at keeping operations running and keeping employees motivated. The study highlights the importance of active human resource management (HRM) practices, showing a clear link between a company's longevity and the well-being of its employees. A human resource management model for emergency situations is proposed, which integrates the most effective strategies for stress management, remote work optimization, and employee support. These results are a valuable addition to the ongoing discourse on sustainable human resource management in the face of crises and provide logistics companies with practical recommendations for building personnel resilience in challenging situations.
Development of a GUI-Driven AI Deep Learning Platform for Predicting Warpage Behavior in FOWLP
Authors: Yu Ching-Feng , Peng Jr-Wei , Hsiao Chih-Cheng , Wang Chin-Hung , Lo Wei-Chung
Published: February 2025

This study presents an artificial intelligence (AI) prediction platform driven by deep learning technologies, designed specifically to address the challenges associated with predicting warpage behavior in fan-out wafer-level packaging (FOWLP). Traditional electronic engineers often face difficulties in implementing AI-driven models due to the specialized programming and algorithmic expertise required. To overcome this, the platform incorporates a graphical user interface (GUI) that simplifies the design, training, and operation of deep learning models. It enables users to configure and run AI predictions without needing extensive coding knowledge, thereby enhancing accessibility for non-expert users. The platform efficiently processes large datasets, automating feature extraction, data cleansing, and model training, ensuring accurate and reliable predictions. The effectiveness of the AI platform is demonstrated through case studies involving FOWLP architectures, highlighting its ability to provide quick and precise warpage predictions. Additionally, the platform is available in both uniform resource locator (URL)-based and standalone versions, offering flexibility in usage. This innovation significantly improves design efficiency, enabling engineers to optimize electronic packaging designs, reduce errors, and enhance overall system performance. The study concludes by showcasing the structure and functionality of the GUI platform, positioning it as a valuable tool for fostering further advancements in electronic packaging.
Assessing UAVs Equipped with Thermal Camera as a Novel Tool for Studying Habitat Related Behaviour of Mesopredators
Authors: Møller-Lassesen Katrine , Enevoldsen Esther Magdalene Ellersgaard , Pertoldi Cino , Pagh Sussie
Published: February 2025

In management of mesopredators it is essential to understand their ecological roles and habitat use. However, studies of nocturnal species are challenging and conventional methods are limited in their applicability. This study presents a new method to study habitat preference and behaviour of red fox (Vulpes vulpes), European badger (Meles meles), and Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). In this study the use of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) equipped with thermal camera is tested and evaluated in relation to conventional monitoring methods. Our results demonstrate that UAVs are highly effective for tracking predator movements across open landscapes, capturing real-time data on locations and behaviours such as foraging, resting, and hunting. This study revealed habitat separations as well as spatial overlap between fox, badger and otter in agricultural areas in Denmark. Foxes showed more versatility, both in behaviour and habitat choice than badger and otter. Otters were almost exclusively found close to water bodies as lakes, streams and coastlines, where they caught fish. Badgers preferred to forage under three covers and in meadows. This study highlights the potential for UAVs to provide novel insights into predator behaviour, habitat use, and interspecies interactions, contributing to a deeper understanding of mesopredator ecology.