bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Renal Effects of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors on Individual Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bae Jae Hyun , Park Eun-Gee , Kim Sunhee , Kim Sin Gon , Hahn Seokyung , Kim Nam Hoon
Published: March 2021

Background: To compare the renal effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on individual outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods: We searched electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) from inception to June 2019 to identity eligible randomized controlled trials of DPP-4 inhibitors or SGLT2 inhibitors that reported at least one kidney outcome in patients with type 2 diabetes. Outcomes of interest were microalbuminuria, macroalbuminuria, worsening nephropathy, and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). We performed an arm-based network meta-analysis using Bayesian methods and calculated absolute risks and rank probabilities of each treatment for the outcomes.Results: Seventeen studies with 87,263 patients were included. SGLT2 inhibitors significantly lowered the risks of individual kidney outcomes, including microalbuminuria (odds ratio [OR], 0.64; 95% credible interval [CrI], 0.41 to 0.93), macroalbuminuria (OR, 0.48; 95% CrI, 0.24 to 0.72), worsening nephropathy (OR, 0.65; 95% CrI, 0.44 to 0.91), and ESKD (OR, 0.65; 95% CrI, 0.46 to 0.98) as compared with placebo. However, DPP-4 inhibitors did not lower the risks. SGLT2 inhibitors were considerably associated with higher absolute risk reductions in all kidney outcomes than DPP-4 inhibitors, although the benefits were statistically insignificant. The rank probabilities showed that SGLT2 inhibitors were better treatments for lowering the risk of albuminuria and ESKD than placebo or DPP-4 inhibitors.Conclusion: SGLT2 inhibitors were superior to DPP-4 inhibitors in reducing the risk of albuminuria and ESKD in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Preconditioned inexact Newton-like method for large nonsymmetric eigenvalue problems
Authors: Miao Hong-Yi , Wang Li
Published: March 2021

An efficiently preconditioned Newton-like method for the computation of the eigenpairs of large and sparse nonsymmetric matrices is proposed. A sequence of preconditioners based on the Broyden-type rank-one update formula are constructed for the solution of the linearized Newton system. The properties of the preconditioned matrix are investigated. Numerical results are given which reveal that the new proposed algorithms are efficient.
Disjecta Membra: Althusser’s Aestethics Reconsidered
Authors: Bargu S Lewis Banu William
Published: March 2021

This essay takes a synthetic and critical approach to the scattered pieces of art criticism and aesthetic theory authored by Louis Althusser. Connecting these texts to his larger philosophical and political project, we argue that these reflections make an independent contribution to its worth and that they offer different perspectives on lingering theoretical problems. We piece together the insights that form the core of the Althusserian approach to aesthetics and show how these are formulated (in connection with the work of Pierre Macherey as well as the dominant controversies of the time) and trace how their formulations take shape in relation to the work of different authors and artists. In addition to helping us better understand his overall project, Althusser’s aesthetic theory is, we argue, a powerful and original contribution to Marxist aesthetics. Specifically, it points us to the idea that we need to take aesthetic production seriously as a practice with its own specificity – one that has its own logics of determination, rituals of production, circulation, and consumption, one that commands effects that need to be theorized on their own terms.
Truth between Semblance and the Real
Authors: Šumič Riha Jelica
Published: March 2021

What is the peculiar evocative force of the notion of the real? Rather than succumbing to the temptation of forcing appearance in order to accede to the real supposed to be lurking behind it, for Lacanian psychoanalysis the access to the real is that of the semblance. While one of our aims in this paper is to briefly outline the development of Lacan’s rather peculiar “realism”, we would also wish to emphasize the relation between the real and the semblance as being the crux of Lacan’s later teaching. Indeed, for psychoanalysis, the question of the real is  inseparable from the interrogation of the semblance, a term forged by Lacan in the last period of his teaching in order to rework the relation between the truth and the real. This is why although the semblance is relevant to numerous contemporary discourses, it is only in psychoanalysis that this problem is raised to the level of one of the central theoretical and practical issues. Omnipresent, unsettling, yet unresolved, this problem comes to the fore at the critical moments in the history of psychoanalysis, thereby marking turning points at which the orientation of psychoanalysis is at stake.
Beyond Recognition: Badiou’s Mathematics of Bodily Incorporation
Authors: Madarasz Norman
Published: March 2021

In Being and Event, Alain Badiou disconnects the infinite from the One and the Absolute, thus recasting the basis from which to craft a new theory of generic subject, the existence of which is demonstrated through set theory. In Logics of Worlds, Badiou turns his attention to the modes by which this subject appears in a world. It does so by being incorporated as a subjectivizable body, a body of truth. As opposed to Being and Event, the demonstration of this argument takes shape according to two distinct levels, that of a “calculated phenomenology” and that of a formalism in which category theory provides a general logic, the combination of which delineates an “onto-logic”. In this essay, we trace Badiou’s derivation of the notion of body of truth and evaluate the innovative phenomenological methodology applied to explain its association with a world.
A New Hope for the Symbolic, for the Subject
Authors: M. Hussey Norma
Published: March 2021

This paper is perhaps an impressionistic response to accounts of the extraordinary set-theoretical activity being undertaken by W. Hugh Woodin (mathematician) and colleagues in the present moment, in the context of the mathematical ontology proposed and elaborated by Alain Badiou (philosopher). The argument presented is that the prevailing and sustained incoherence of the mathematical ontology (i.e. set theory) underscores a contemporary deficit of humanity’s symbolic organization which, in turn, yields confusion and conflict in terms of subjective orientation. But a new axiom (conjectured as yet) promises to realize a coherent set theory, i.e. stable, consistent and complete. This remarkable (and completely unexpected) development offers hope for the pursuit of a modern (i.e. non-hierarchical) symbolic, and a consequent resolution of the general subjective disorientation.
Expanding the Role of Community Colleges With Workforce Baccalaureate Programs
Authors: Dones Carmen M.
Published: March 2021

Community colleges have been expanding their mission to include the conferring of bachelor's degrees in career education programs for many years, which has been met with consternation over the quality of a bachelor's degree from a community college, as well as with resources in higher education being limited or redirected when there has been cutbacks in funding. Legislators in some states and critics in higher education refer to the phenomenon of community colleges offering baccalaureate degrees as mission creep, opposed to seeing the equity value in higher degree attainment. Thus, the purpose of the study is to analyze state policies through examination of secondary data to determine the purpose of the community college bachelor's degree programs nationwide, the types of programs being offered, as well as what the phenomenon reveals about being a viable pathway to a higher education degree for the typical community college student.
The Evolving Role of Community Colleges in Workforce Development
Authors: Weikel-Delaplane Carrie , Arellano Lucy
Published: March 2021

Community colleges play a crucial role in developing a skilled workforce through preparation. The questions that this chapter addresses are: How are community colleges ensuring that they are addressing current workforce and industry needs? What evidence is there in the published scholarship? What is the process of continual program review to update career technical education and workforce education? To address the questions, a systematic literature review of the scholarship on workforce training at community colleges was conducted. The chapter illustrates the findings emerging from the literature review and particularly highlights 1) the changing focus of the community college, 2) the refinement of workforce education through program review, and 3) including student outcomes as part of program review. These findings incorporate an overview of the role community colleges play in workforce development and education while a focus on program review procedures speaks to the innovation, evolution, and future of workforce education.
Inbred Strain Characteristics Impact the NKT Cell Repertoire
Authors: Shissler Susannah C , Bates Joshua P , Hester Danubia , Jones Laundette P , Webb Tonya J
Published: March 2021

NKT cells are primed lymphocytes that rapidly secrete cytokines and can directly kill cancerous cells. Given the critical role NKT cells play in cancer immune surveillance, we sought to investigate the effect of mutations in Brca1, specifically a conditional deletion of exon 11, on type I invariant NKT cell development. We observed a significant reduction in invariant NKT cells in both primary lymphoid and peripheral organs in Brca1 mutant mice compared with wild-type C57BL/6. However, the original Brca1 mutant strain was on a mixed background containing FVB/N. We determined that strain differences, rather than mutations in Brca1, led to the observed loss in NKT cells. Importantly, we found that whereas FVB/N mice lack Vβ8, there was a striking increase in the total number of thymic type I CD1d–α-galactosylceramide tetramer positive NKT cells and skewing of the NKT cell population to NKT2 compared with C57BL/6 mice. Collectively, our data demonstrate the profound effect genetics can have on NKT cell subset differentiation.
Long Noncoding RNA EGOT Responds to Stress Signals to Regulate Cell Inflammation and Growth
Authors: Barriocanal Marina , Prior Celia , Suarez Beatriz , Unfried Juan Pablo , Razquin Nerea , Hervás-Stubbs Sandra , Sangro Bruno , Segura Victor , Fortes Puri
Published: March 2021

The cell has several mechanisms to sense and neutralize stress. Stress-related stimuli activate pathways that counteract danger, support cell survival, and activate the inflammatory response. We use human cells to show that these processes are modulated by EGOT, a long noncoding RNA highly induced by viral infection, whose inhibition results in increased levels of antiviral IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) and decreased viral replication. We now show that EGOT is induced in response to cell stress, viral replication, or the presence of pathogen-associated molecular patterns via the PI3K/AKT, MAPKs, and NF-κB pathways, which lead to cell survival and inflammation. Transcriptome analysis and validation experiments show that EGOT modulates PI3K/AKT and NF-κB responses. On the one hand, EGOT inhibition decreases expression of PI3K/AKT–induced cellular receptors and cell proliferation. In fact, EGOT levels are increased in several tumors. On the other hand, EGOT inhibition results in decreased levels of key NF-κB target genes, including those required for inflammation and ISGs in those cells that build an antiviral response. Mechanistically, EGOT depletion decreases the levels of the key coactivator TBLR1, essential for transcription by NF-κB. In summary, EGOT is induced in response to stress and may function as a switch that represses ISG transcription until a proper antiviral or stress response is initiated. EGOT then helps PI3K/AKT, MAPKs, and NF-κB pathways to activate the antiviral response, cell inflammation, and growth. We believe that modulation of EGOT levels could be used as a therapy for the treatment of certain viral infections, immune diseases, and cancer.
Birth cohort effects on maternal and child environmental health: a systematic review
Authors: Chae JungMi , Kim Hyun Kyoung
Published: March 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to review recent findings from birth cohort studies on maternal and child environmental health.Methods: Birth cohort studies regarding environmental health outcomes for mothers and their children were investigated through a systematic review. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and RISS to identify published studies using the keywords “((“Maternal Exposure”[Mesh] OR (“C”[TW] OR “Maternal Exposures” OR “Prenatal Exposures”[TW])) AND “Environmental Exposure”[Mesh] AND “Health”[Mesh] AND (“Cohort Studies”[Mesh] OR “Cohort”[TW] OR “Birth Cohort”[TW]).” Articles were searched and a quality appraisal using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cohort studies was done. Results: A review of the 14 selected studies revealed that prenatal and early life exposure to environmental pollutants had negative impacts on physical, cognitive, and behavioral development among mothers and children up to 12 years later. Environmental pollutants included endocrine disruptors, air pollution (e.g., particulate matter), and heavy metals. Conclusion: This systematic review demonstrated that exposure to environmental pollutants negatively influences maternal and children’s environmental health outcomes from pregnancy to the early years of life. Therefore, maternal health care professionals should take steps to reduce mothers’ and children’s exposure to environmental pollutants.
Anterior Knee Pain Risk in Male and Female Military Tactical Athletes
Authors: Glaviano Neal R. , Boling Michelle C. , Fraser John J.
Published: March 2021

Context

Anterior knee pain (AKP) is ubiquitous in early career military members and exacerbated during functional tasks required during military duties. Therefore, it is important to understand the risk of this condition among male and female tactical athletes in diverse military occupations.

Objective

To assess sex and occupation with respect to the AKP risk in military members.

Design

Descriptive epidemiology study.

Setting

United States Armed Forces.

Patients or Other Participants

All military members diagnosed with anteropatellar or retropatellar pain, patellar instability, or knee tendinopathy on their initial encounter from 2006 to 2015.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

The Defense Medical Epidemiology Database was queried for the number of individuals with AKP. Relative risk (RR) and χ2 statistics were calculated in the assessment of sex and occupational category. Regressions were calculated to determine associations between service branch, sex, and AKP across time.

Results

From 2006 to 2015, a total of 151 263 enlisted and 14 335 officer service members were diagnosed with AKP. Enlisted females had an incidence rate of 16.7 per 1000 person-years compared with enlisted males' incidence rate of 12.7 per 1000 person-years (RR = 1.32; 95% CI = 1.30, 1.34; P < .001) across all AKP diagnoses. Female officers had an incidence rate of 10.7 per 1000 person-years; male officers had an incidence rate of 5.3 per 1000 person-years (RR = 2.01; 95% CI = 1.94, 2.09). Differences in risk were also noted across military occupations for both enlisted and officer service members (P values < .05).

Conclusions

Sex and military occupation were salient factors for the AKP risk. Evaluating training requirements and developing intervention programs across military occupations could serve as a focus for future research aiming to decrease the incidence of chronic knee pain.
Consensus Definition of Sport Specialization in Youth Athletes Using a Delphi Approach
Authors: Bell David Robert , Snedden Traci R. , Biese Kevin M. , Nelson Evan , Watson Andrew M. , Brooks Alison , McGuine Timothy A. , Brown Roger L. , Kliethermes Stephanie A.
Published: March 2021

Context

A single, widely accepted definition of sport specialization does not currently exist. A consensus definition is necessary to guide youth sport stakeholders on topics associated with sport specialization.

Objective

To develop a consensus definition of youth sport specialization and identify elements that support the construct of specialization.

Design

Delphi study.

Setting

Directed surveys.

Patients or Other Participants

A consensus panel of 17 experts was created to provide a broad multidisciplinary perspective on sport specialization in youth athletes.

Data Collection and Analysis

The final definition was developed per an iterative process that involved 4 rounds of review. A comprehensive review of the literature and expert input supported our initial proposed umbrella definition that included 6 additional elements. The study team reviewed the results after each round, and changes were made to the definition based on panel feedback.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Panel members were provided with the definition and 6 elements and then asked to rate each specific to importance, relevance, and clarity using a 4-point Likert scale.

Results

In 4 Delphi consensus rounds, 17 experts reviewed the umbrella definition and 6 elements before consensus was reached. The umbrella definition and 3 of the initial 6 elements achieved greater than 80% agreement for importance, relevance, and clarity after the fourth round of review. The remaining 3 components did not reach greater than 80% agreement, even after iterative edits, and were removed. The process resulted in a final consensus definition: Sport specialization is intentional and focused participation in a single sport for a majority of the year that restricts opportunities for engagement in other sports and activities.

Conclusions

A consensus-based conceptual definition for sport specialization was developed using a Delphi method. This definition has important implications for clinicians and sports medicine professionals who support youth athletes.
Resilience enabling processes and posttraumatic growth outcomes in a group of women survivors of childhood sexual abuse
Authors: Walker-Williams Hayley J. , Fouché Ansie
Published: March 2021

Background: This study forms part of a pilot project, aiming to evaluate the benefits of a programme entitled S2T denoting from Survivor to Thriver, which is a collaborative strengths-based group intervention programme for women survivors of childhood sexual abuse. The objective of the S2T is to enable resilience processes and facilitate posttraumatic growth outcomes. A theory of change was developed to explain how these objectives are met, it outlines the theoretical approach, mediators, primary and secondary outcomes.Aim: To explore emerging resilience processes and posttraumatic growth outcomes in women survivors of childhood sexual abuse after attending the S2T.Setting: Data was collected during group treatment sessions of the S2T group intervention programme with women survivors of childhood sexual abuse.Methods: A quasi-experimental, one group, pretest, posttest, time-delay design was used with eight purposively selected women with a history of childhood sexual abuse, using qualitative methods to evaluate the benefit of this intervention. Nine group treatment sessions and a delayed follow-up session were conducted. A visual participatory technique and transcriptions of group sessions were used to collect qualitative data.Results: Qualitative thematic analysis revealed the following enabling resilience processes: group as healing vehicle of change; changing destructive to constructive rumination; coping strengths and meaning-making. Posttraumatic growth outcomes which evolved were: transforming wounded to healer; a changed life philosophy; excavated spirituality and re-briefing strengths through a posttrauma thriver identity.Conclusions: The themes suggest resilience processes and posttraumatic growth outcomes; a longitudinal study is recommended to establish effectiveness and inform treatment practice.
Occupational Exposure to Pesticides and Lung Cancer Risk: A Propensity Score Analyses
Authors: Kim Byungmi , Park Eun Young , Kim Jinsun , Park Eunjung , Oh Jin-Kyoung , Lim Min Kyung
Published: March 2021

Purpose Occupational exposure to pesticides is thought to be associated with lung cancer, but studies have yielded conflicting results. We performed a propensity score (PS) based analyses to evaluate the relationship between occupational exposure to pesticides and lung cancer risk in the Korea National Cancer Center community-based cohort study (KNCCCS).Materials and Methods During the follow-up period, 123 incidental lung cancer cases were identified, of the 7,471 subjects in the final statistical analysis. Information about occupational exposure to pesticides and other factors was collected at enrollment (2003-2010). Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were conducted. Four PS-based approaches (i.e., matching, stratification, inverse probability-of-treatment weighting, and the use of the PS as a covariate) were adopted, and the results were compared. PS was obtained from the logistic regression model. Absolute standardized differences according to occupational exposure to pesticides were provided to evaluate the balance in baseline characteristics.Results In the Cox proportional hazards regression model, the hazard ratio (HR) for lung cancer according to occupational exposure to pesticides was 1.82 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11 to 2.98). With all the propensity score matching (PSM) methods, the HRs for lung cancer based on exposure to pesticides ranged from 1.65 (95% CI, 1.04 to 2.64) (continuous term with PSM) to 2.84 (95% CI, 1.81 to 4.46) (stratification by 5 strata of the PS). The results varied slightly based on the method used, but the direction and statistical significance remained the same.Conclusion Our results strengthen the evidence for an association between occupational exposure to pesticides and the risk of lung cancer.
Confined subgroups of Thompson's group $F$ and its embeddings into wobbling groups
Authors: Chaudkhari Maksym
Published: March 2021

We obtain a characterisation of confined subgroups of Thompson's group

F

. As a result, we deduce that the orbital graph of a point under an action of

F

has uniformly subexponential growth if and only if this point is fixed by the commutator subgroup. This allows us to prove non-embeddability of

F

into wobbling groups of graphs with uniformly subexponential growth.
The Scriptures as God-breathed: Implication for the Authority of the Scriptures
Authors: Igbo Philip
Published: March 2021

The doctrine of biblical inspiration is the view that the Holy Spirit inspired the writing of the sacred texts so that the resultant Scripture is the word of God. To say that Scripture is “God-breathed” does not mean that the scrolls fell down from the sky. Inspiration, in this sense, is the supernatural force that moved the sacred writers to transmit what God has revealed using, human language. How does one understand the Bible as the inspired word of God despite the apparent and sometimes manifest inconsistencies that one finds in the Scriptures? Does inspiration imply divine dictation, as taught by the Augustinian school of thought? Is the Bible purely a product of human ingenuity as held by some humanists? Or are we dealing with a confluence of divine will and human ability? This is the problem that this article intends to address. This will be done by applying an exegetical study of the relevant Scriptural passages dealing on this subject.
Use of Antibiotics and Knowledge of Antibiotics Resistance by Selected Farmers in Oyo Town, Nigeria
Authors: Oyebanji Bukola
Published: March 2021

This survey was carried out to investigate antibiotics usage and knowledge of antibiotic resistance among farmers in Oyo town, Nigeria. Data was collected using a questionnaire and interviews. A snowball sampling technique was used to select 150 farmers and veterinary drug shop owners. The farmers were involved in cattle, fish and poultry farming. The farmers administered antibiotics to their animals when the animals were sick (curative), to prevent secondary bacterial infection after a viral infection and on healthy animals (for prophylaxis). Majority of the respondents had easy access to antibiotics and information about them. On average, farmers had some knowledge about antibiotics resistance but not on how it spread. About 62% of the respondents believed that antibiotic resistance was a problem of other countries not Nigeria. They also did not believe that sub-optimal dosing of antibiotics leads to resistance. It was concluded that there is need for public awareness on the risk of misuse of antibiotics in animals and of consuming livestock products with unsafe levels of antibiotic residues. Keywords: Antibiotics; Drug resistance; Livestock
Análise da estrutura horizontal por densidade de Kernel como subsídio ao manejo florestal na Amazônia
Authors: Oliveira Mariana Ferraz , Mattos Patricia Povoa de , Garrastazu Marilice Cordeiro , Braz Evaldo Muñoz , Figueiredo Filho Afonso , Rosot Nelson Carlos
Published: March 2021

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar a estrutura horizontal de uma área da Floresta Amazônica primária e a distribuição espacial das espécies Goupia glabra (Aubl.), Qualea spp. e Dipteryx odorata (Aubl.) Willd., por meio da análise da densidade de Kernel, visando embasar o planejamento do manejo florestal. A área de estudo localiza-se em Santa Carmem, microrregião de Sinop, estado do Mato Grosso (1.024 ha), onde foram  mensurados todos os indivíduos com diâmetro a 1,30 m do solo ≥ 30 cm. Foram calculadas as densidades, frequências e dominâncias, absolutas e relativas, além dos índices de valor de importância e de cobertura. A densidade de Kernel e a análise de dispersão em nível de espécie foram obtidas com o programa ArcGIS. A área foi classificada pelo índice de Shannon como de baixa diversidade e mais de 50% das espécies foram classificadas com tendência a agrupamento. Qualea spp. apresentou os maiores valores para todos os parâmetros analisados. Observou-se que a maior concentração de indivíduos se dá nas classes diamétricas passíveis de exploração.  A aplicação da densidade de Kernel surge como uma ferramenta promissora ao planejamento do manejo florestal sustentável, permitindo a definição de zonas preferenciais para exploração sustentável.
Investment, Employment and Aggregate Demand: A New European Industrial and Regional Strategy
Authors: Garofoli Gioacchino
Published: March 2021

The recent economic crisis asks for expansive economic policies because already the crisis of 2007-2008 showed the lack of investments and low employment rates as the crucial week points of the European economy. Recently even European Commission recognized the urgency of a large investment plan in Europe to face the Covid’s crisis with the launch of the NGEU to reach green and sustainable goals. This underlines the role of development industrial policies and the coordination of the dynamic relationships between cities and regions with Europe giving a big push to territorial development projects. Industrial and development planning should be realized through a multilevel and experimental governance.
Policies for the Circular Economy: The Case of Paper Industry
Authors: Rizzi Paolo , Danesi Sandro
Published: March 2021

The circular economy is considered by international institutions such as the United Nations and the European Union as the most urgent strategy to orient the economic development model towards sustainability. To find concrete applications, the circular economy requires greater awareness in consumers and businesses. The Italian paper industry, which boasts high levels of competitiveness at an international level, has initiated important restructuring and rationalization processes over the last decade with a view to recycling and sustainability. Only the final phase of the production process is yet to comply with all circular economy criteria, that is, the recovery of production waste (pulper). Hence, the actual technological and strategic challenge of the paper industry is to phase out landfilling of recyclable waste and implement energy recovery strategies, as well as promoting the use of renewable sources.
Implementation of Project-Based Learning Model with Edmodo Application in the Capita Selecta Chemistry Course
Authors: Dewi Handayani  , Endang Widi Winarni  , Agus Sundaryono  , M. Lutfi Firdaus
Published: March 2021

This research is to precieve the learning outcomes and student responses to the applied models and applications. The type of research carried out was experimental research using a one group pretest-posttest design with the research subjects were 29 students of the fifth semester of  2019/2020 academic year who took Capita Selecta Chemistry Course. The data collection technique was carried out by means of test techniques, namely learning outcomes as seen from the pretest and posttest scores, as well as non-test techniques as seen from observation, interview and student response questionnaires to the application used via google form. The t test was carried out with the help of the SPSS 23 program. Based on the research conducted, there was an increase in student learning outcomes from a value of 65.172 (pretest average score) to 84.586 (posttest average score). The N-Gain score of 0.557 is included in the moderate category, indicating that there is a significant increase in student's critical thinking skills using the PjBL model and the Edmodo application. The results of the student response questionnaire stated that only 48.28% of students liked learning using the online/edmodo application. 51.72% of students still like direct/face-to-face learning. As many as 96.55% of students considered the Edmodo application to provide a new atmosphere in capita selecta lectures. The response to the edmodo application and the project model used was very good. Students are enthusiastic about the edmodo application because it has complete, interesting and easy to learn features. Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model using the Edmodo application can be recommended to be applied by the lecture.
The Effectiveness of Discovery Learning Model in Writing Descriptive Text
Authors: Widayanto
Published: March 2021

This study is intended to describe the effectiveness of the application of discovery learning model in writing Descriptive texts. Learning process in education and training field is less related to daily life so that the participants are less passionate and bored. The learning process is still centered on the Widyaiswara/instructor (teacher centered). The problem examined in this paper is whether the discovery learning Model effective in improving the learning outcomes of training participants in the English Teacher Training class in writing Descriptive texts. This research used the Quasi experiment method, conducted at the Surabaya Religious Education and Training Center. Madrasah Aliyah Class I English teacher training class was as a control group while Madrasah Aliyah Class II English teacher training class was as an experimental group. Data obtained through four types of instruments: (1) achievement test, (2) observation, (3) interview, and (4) questionnaire. Data of test results analyzed using t-test statistics. The results showed that the discovery learning model can improve the learning outcomes of participants’ products and processes. Discovery learning model can be used as an alternative learning to write descriptive text.
The Development of Learning Strategies in Pesantren Studies on the Transformation of the Teaching System in Pesantren
Authors: Muh Mustakim
Published: March 2021

The fundamental question of the research is how the learning strategies are developed in pesantren. follow the development of modern learning strategies or survive with his salafiah learning system. This research uses a case study. and research tends to be explanatory. Collecting data through observation, interviews and documentation. The data is taken in general, then sorted, selected, selected and reduced only in relation to the problems of this research. To maintain the validity of the data, there were three things done, namely extending the stay and interacting with respondents; make observations seriously and diligently; and tested by triangulation adopting the interactive model from Miles and Huberman. The findings from the data obtained are compiled by categories and themes, analyzed inductively conceptually and then made narrative explanations so that they are arranged into certain propositions and developed into new theories based on data analysis and narrative theoretical interpretation. The results of this research is that pesantren develop all types of learning strategies, namely direct learning strategies, learning indirect strategies, interactive learning strategies, empirical learning strategies and active learning strategies. This fact is reasonable because the education and learning process in pesantren is 24 hours. These findings indicate that pesantren accept all developments while maintaining their characteristics, so that the findings of this study lead to a theory of pesantren flexibility while maintaining their identity. The findings of this study can be continued in research on learning in certain pesantren, because it can be different from a pesantren compared to other pesantren.
Discurso (e interações) ecológico (as) em Parasyte – The Maxim
Authors: Neto Alberto Lopo Montalvão , Morais Wanderson Rodrigues , Silveira Éderson Luís
Published: March 2021

Ao longo dos últimos anos, as animações têm adquirido lugar de destaque no cenário de pesquisas acadêmicas, mostrando-se um meio de interesse para estudos de aspectos representacionais e sociológicos, com expressivo potencial educativo que se estende para além do entretenimento. Nesse sentido, torna-se promissora a análise das representações de sociedade veiculadas por essas produções audiovisuais, elucidando relações contemporâneas e propondo reflexões. Nesta pesquisa, temos como foco de discussão a animação japonesa intitulada Parasyte - The Maxim, que coloca em tensão as relações entre ser humano e natureza, a partir da produção de discursos ecológicos/ambientais. A partir de compreensões sobre o discurso ambientalista, procuramos refletir sobre alguns enunciados da trama, que podem ser extrapolados na tentativa de compreender a posição do ser humano como ser integrante de um ecossistema. Tais reflexões avançam em direção à crise sanitária, ambiental e socioeconômica que vivemos devido à Covid-19.  Notamos que na animação ocorre um embate a partir da concepção antropocêntrica de sociedade, entre um discurso de proposição a novos modos de produção/existência não predatórios e integrados ao meio ambiente, a favor de um equilíbrio ecossistêmico, em contraposição a outro discurso, consoante à manutenção do hegemonicamente instituído pelo ser humano perante a natureza, em que o desenvolvimento econômico e as questões ambientais se ajustam aos seus anseios de forma ilusória.
TAGAUR ALDARS DUDAROVS AND SOCIO-POLITICAL EVENTS IN THE XVIII—XIXth-CENTURIES NORTH CAUCASUS
Authors: МАРЗОЕВ И.-Б.Т.
Published: March 2021

Предлагаемая статья посвящена вопросам этнического происхождения тагаурских алдар Дударовых и их роли в общественно-политических событиях на Северном Кавказе в XVIII–XIX вв. В конце XVIII – первой половине XIX в. Дударовы являлись одной из самых влиятельных фамилий Тагаурского общества Северной Осетии. Для выполнения поставленных задач в научный оборот вводятся материалы неопубликованных архивных документов. В работе были использованы общенаучные методы (анализ, синтез, индукция), а также сопоставительный метод, применяемый к историческим источникам для определения степени их достоверности. В статье, на основе архивных и опубликованных источников, рассмотрены варианты происхождения данной фамилии, этнические корни которой по настоящее время являются предметом активного спора, а также населенные пункты, которые основали Дударовы в горах и на плоскости. Прослежена роль представителей фамилии в общественно-политических событиях на Северном Кавказе и в Осетии в XVIII–XIX вв. Материалы исследования могут служить дополнительным источником к изучению истории Осетии. Они позволяют более глубоко и основательно исследовать генеалогию осетинских фамилий.

This article examines the questions of the ethnic origin of the tagaur aldars Dudarovs and their role in social and political events in the North Caucasus in the XVIII–XIX centuries. At the end of the XVIII – first half of the XIX centuries, the Dudarovs were one of the most influential families of Tagaur society in North Ossetia. To achieve the tasks not published archival documents are put into scientific circulation. The paper uses general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, induction), as well as a comparative method applied to historical sources to determine the degree of their reliability. In the article, on the basis of archival and published sources, variants of the origin of this surname are considered, the ethnic roots of which are still the subject of active dispute, as well as localities that were founded by the Dudarovs in the mountains and on the plane. The role of representatives of the surname in social and political events in the North Caucasus and Ossetia in the XVIII–XIX centuries is traced. The research materials can serve as an additional source for studying the history of Ossetia. They allow us to study more deeply and thoroughly the genealogy of Ossetian surnames.
Пейзаж в творчестве Фердинанда Рущица
Authors: Filippova O.N.
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this article is to reveal the work of the master of the extraordinary expressive landscape Ferdynand Ruszczyc. Because of the lack of knowledge of the topic, this goal seems relevant. The historical-biographical method served as the main method of research here. The author concludes that the work of Ferdynand Ruszczyc reveals the influence of Ivan Shishkin, and then Arkhip Kuindzhi. He was not only closely associated with the young Russian landscape school under the leadership of A.I. Kuindzhi in 1898–1905, but was also one of those who formed it and gave it its own unique identity. The dynamics of the artist from early works to later ones, his coloristic talent was remarkably manifested in such works as “Earth”, “Mill”, “Near the Church”, “Old Apple Trees”, etc. His works are characterized by a subtle combination of color and precise compositional completeness. The first Belarusian painter to lay the foundations of the national school of landscape painting, he was able to reveal the daily life of his people through the beauty of his native nature.

Целью статьи является раскрытие творчества Фердинанда Эдуардовича Рущица, мастера пейзажной живописи. Эта тема недостаточно изучена и актуальна. Историко-биографический метод послужил в исследовании основным; кроме того, использовались элементы искусствоведческих методов в анализе картин. В результате автор приходит к выводу о том, что творчество Фердинанда Рущица обнаруживает влияние И.И. Шишкина, а затем и А.И. Куинджи. Ф. Рущиц был не только тесно связан с молодой русской пейзажной школой под руководством А.И. Куинджи в 1898–1905 годах, но и являлся одним из тех, кто ее формировал и придавал ей свое лицо. Динамика художника от ранних работ к более поздним, его колористический талант замечательно проявился в таких произведениях, как «Земля», «Мельница», «У костела», «Старые яблони» и других. Его произведениям присущи тонкое сочетание цвета и точная композиционная завершенность. Первым из белорусских живописцев, заложившим основы национальной школы пейзажной живописи, он смог раскрыть через красоту родной природы повседневную жизнь своего народа.
STATUS AND PROSPECTS IN STELLARATOR RESEARCH AT IPP KIPT
Authors: Moiseenko V.E. , Kovtun Yu.V. , Garkusha I.E.
Published: March 2021

A review of works performed at the Stellarator Department of KIPT is presented. It includes radio frequency (RF) plasma start-up, RF wall conditioning, RF plasma heating and diagnostics improvements at Uragan stellarators, studies of discharges for wall conditioning at Wendelstein 7-X Helias and some theoretical studies on magnetic configurations and tritium breeding. The prospects for the studies are associated with deeper involvement in EUROfusion activities
MODELING OF ICRH SLOW WAVE PROPAGATION AND ABSORPTION IN WENDELSTEIN 7-X STELLARATOR
Authors: Grekov D. , Turkin Yu.
Published: March 2021

The propagation and absorption of slow waves in the plasma of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator was investigated by the ray tracing. The aim of the work was to obtain a qualitative picture of the penetration into the plasma of a wave excited by the potential difference between the antenna conductors and the antenna box. For this, a ray code was used, which performs calculations in the magnetic configuration of the stellarator obtained by the VMEC code. A strong influence of the type of magnetic configuration (“higher mirror”, “lower mirror”, or standard configuration) on the propagation and absorption of a slow wave was found.
PLASMA-CATALYTIC SYSTEM WITH NARROW-APERTURE ROTATING GLIDING DISCHARGE
Authors: Nedybaliuk O.A. , Tyshchuk P.V. , Tereshchenko T.A. , Fedirchyk I.I.
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of the investigation of the rotating gliding discharge with the narrow aperture in the airflow. The photographs of the rotating gliding discharge with the narrow aperture were matched with its voltage oscillograms. Photographs were used to determine the maximum length of the discharge channel and its dependence on the airflow Gd into the discharge chamber. Voltage oscillograms were used to determine the difference between the maximum and minimum discharge voltage ΔU = Umax-Umin. The dependence of the electric field in the positive column on the airflow Gd into the discharge chamber was plotted. Optical emission spectra of the plasma of the rotating gliding discharge with a narrow aperture were captured and used to determine the distribution of the vibrational Tv and rotational Tr temperatures along the length of the plasma torch inside the reaction chamber.
Outplacement Counsellors: Examining Their Work Values, Personality Traits, and Career Success
Authors: Richter Manuela , König Cornelius J , Etzl Dennis
Published: March 2021

Outplacement counsellors help people who have been laid off to find a new job, and their personal characteristics are likely to determine the quality of their services. This study examined 50 German outplacement counsellors and, to anchor the description, compared them to 52 psychotherapists, because both groups share similar job-related challenges (e.g., working with people in crisis situations). Although they differed in their educational background and career history, the results demonstrated that both groups set great value upon generativity values such as helping other people and passing on knowledge, and this was particularly true for outplacement counsellors who have been laid off themselves. Both groups were also more conscientious, agreeable, and

emotionally stable than a German norm sample, although outplacement counsellors were more extraverted and emotionally stable than psychotherapists. Furthermore, conscientiousness and neuroticism predicted indicators of career success for both groups. The findings have implications for the qualification of outplacement counsellors.
Alma Vênus, de Marco Lucchesi, e o diálogo com A divina comédia.
Authors: dos Santos Jânio , Andrade Alexandre
Published: March 2021

The present work sought to approach the dialogue between the dantesque classic and contemporary brazilian poetry, more specifically with the carioca poet Marco Lucchesi, as a way of bringing the classic and the contemporary, in their familiarities. We use comparative literature as an essential tool in terms of understanding and identifying the resonant points in different works and poets, and the way that literature is transformed or transfigured within multiple views, but that are familiarized with the idea of the human, of restlessness, of search for directions. In this way, we dedicate our attention to the common points between the two literary works studied, going through philosophy, criticism and literary theory, in order to provide an objective and clear discussion between the classic and the contemporary. With this, we tried to discuss the importance of Divine Comedy in contemporary times by comparing it with the work Alma Vênus (2000), by the brazilian poet Marco Lucchesi
Canções de gesta ou epopeias? Tendências recentes e novos desenvolvimentos “antropo-literários” no estudo da epopeia românica
Authors: Ghidoni Andrea
Published: March 2021

O artigo apresenta uma revisão dos artigos mais recentes (publicados por volta da última década) que oferecem novos estudos da epopeia românica com perspectivas teóricas e antropológicas. A reflexão foi realizada em três direções: 1. o estatuto épico das canções de gesta; 2. o conceito geral de um épico construído com base em textos romanos; 3. o desenvolvimento de conceitos antropológicos nos estudos literários românicos.
Campamentos y colonias públicas en Uruguay (1909 – 1961)
Authors: Geymonat Fonsalías Nicolás
Published: March 2021

El texto analiza las propuestas de campamentos y colonias en el proceso de modernización que atraviesa Uruguay a inicios del siglo XX. Se indaga en distintos documentos históricos que narran y explicitan las características de estas propuestas, posibilitando la conceptualización y el establecimiento de una breve reseña histórica. Estos dispositivos estatales en formato de políticas públicas procuraron contribuir a ciertos modos de producción del cuerpo que iban en consonancia con los modos generales que atravesaron la educación pública. Los campamentos y colonias formaron parte de los planes de un Estado con vocación organizadora y son pensados en el siguiente texto como dispositivos biopolíticos. Disciplinamiento, organización, control y vigilancia son elementos que se ponen a funcionar en las experiencias halladas.