bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of particle size and storage period on the moisture of granular synbiotic products
Authors: Terziyska Margarita Nikolaeva , Doneva Maria , Metodieva Petya , Nacheva Iliana
Published: March 2023

A synbiotic is a product in which a probiotic and a prebiotic are combined at the same time. The benefits of synbiotics for human health are indisputable and this increases interest in them. This paper investigates the effect of particle size and storage time on the moisture content of granulated lyophilized synbiotic products - "LIO - Strawberry Milk" and "LIO - Aronia Milk". For each of these two products, four variants of mixtures are prepared - Variant 1 - a lyophilized product with added 30% sucrose; Option 2 - a lyophilized product with added 10% sucrose and 2% fructooligosaccharides (FOS); Option 3 - a lyophilized product with added 10% sucrose and 2% locust bean gum and Option 4 - a lyophilized product with added 10% sucrose, 1% locust bean gum and 1% FOS. A two-factor analysis of variance was used for the study. The obtained results show that the two factors - particle size and storage time have no mutual influence on the humidity of the studied products. However, they have a significant impact individually. It was also established that the size of the particles is directly dependent on the type and concentration of the added substances.
Single-stage engineering support of wear resistance of machine parts by EDM proces
Authors: Suslov Anatoliy , Siyanov Sergey
Published: March 2023

Theoretical dependences for deter-mining the wear intensity, depending on the modes and conditions of EDM process of ma-chine parts based on the energy approach to the processing and triboprocess, are given. These dependences make it possible to determine the optimal modes and conditions of EDM process for ensuring the required parameters of wear resistance (with a single-stage approach – di-rect engineering support).
Dependence of indicators of nitrited steels operational properties on the surface layer structural condition
Authors: Kuksenova Lidiya , Alekseeva Maria , Kozlov Dmitriy
Published: March 2023

The results of structural and tribological studies of steels and alloys of pearlite, martensitic and austenitic classes using dif-ferent types of pretreatment and nitriding modes are presented. The results of tribological tests and metallophysical studies made it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of each of used treatment methods and to identify the characteristics of the structural state of the nitrided layer, contributing to an increase in the operational properties of steels in friction and wear conditions. A comprehensive physical and mechanical criterion has been developed to evaluate friction components nitrid-ing efficiency.
he effect of vibration treatment technological parameters on the quality of products, manufactured by using selective laser fusion technology
Authors: Zlobin Evgeniy , Haymovich Aleksandr , Goncharov Evgeniy , Balaykin Andrey
Published: March 2023

The research results presented in this article are devoted to the study of the vibration treatment effect on the surface layer of flat samples made of titanium alloy VT-6 obtained using selective laser melting (SLM) technology. Titanium alloys are the materials, used in various fields of industry due to their unique properties, namely high strength and lightness. However, when treating such materials, there is a number of problems connected with the high hardness and complexity of post-processing products after their growing. Post-processing operations require automation for driving down various types of costs. Vibration treatment is one of the possible solutions to this problem. Within studies a sample roughness was measured and the material removal rate was calculated based on the vibration treatment criteria. The results showed that rough grind-ing of flat surfaces into vibrofinishing equipment is an effective method for achieving the required surface parameters when treating products made of titanium alloys obtained by the SLM method. This can result in improved finish, increased produc-tivity and costs saving. The analysis of the results makes it possible to give recommendations for rough grinding of surfaces made of titanium alloys. The process must be carried out in two stages: 1) to have maximum material removal from the sur-face 2) to improve the roughness. Thus, the results of the study can be helpful for various industrial sectors where titanium alloys are used, also contributing to the further development of technologies for products treatment made from difficult-to-machine materials and obtained by using SLM technology.
Morphological and pomological characterization of some genotypes Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) obtained by selection breeding
Authors: ADALI Sümeyye , UĞUR Remzi , BULUNUZ PALAZ Esra , BÜYÜKÇINGIL Yeşim , ÖZATAR Hacı Osman , YILMAZ Mehmet Fatih , BARDAK Adem
Published: March 2023

Sumac (R. coriaria L.) is a subtropic and temperate climate plant with medicinal and aromatic properties which has a natural distribution in many regions of Anatolia. Sumac which is used as a food additive in the food industry due to the flavoring substances has been in high demand in recent years. Besides the beneficial secondary metabolites, it is used in the field of medicine and pharmacy. Sumac (R. coriaria) which grows spontaneously in the natural environment without any agricultural practices is collected by the local people in the region and supplied to the local market. Since this situation, the ideas of creating modern orchards for sumac have begun to emerge. For this reason, selection breeding studies have been planned in sumac (R. coriaria L.). This study was carried out at the East Mediterranean Transition Zone Agricultural Research Institute during 2019-2021 years. Approximately 300 different sumac genotypes were observed and botanically 92 genotypes were found positive in this study. It was determined that the wet weight values of the clusters in the examined sumac genotypes varied between 5.63-87.74 g as a result of the statistical analysis. The highest cluster weight varied between 87.74, 78.92, and 70.81 g in GN26, GN86, and GN90 genotypes respectively. The lowest cluster wet weight was found in GN28 (5.63 g) and GN41 (6.00 g) genotypes in the study. It was found in the study that the cluster powder efficiency values varied between 30.62% and 72.49% and the average cluster powder efficiency was 49.15%. It was determined that the results obtained from about 20 sumac genotypes were found to be positive in the statistical analyzes made on the characteristics examined in this study. It is aimed to use this sumac (R. coriaria L.) genotypes in the modern sumac cultivation planned for the future.
Reveal The Bugis Culture Of MSME Tax Compliance In Maros District In The New Normal Era
Authors: Nadiah Khaerun , Bulutoding Lince , Jannah Raodahtul
Published: March 2023

This research is motivated by the phenomenon of community disobedience, especially MSME actors in carrying out their tax obligations. This study aims to examine the role of local wisdom, namely the culture of ada’tongeng, lempu, getteng and pamali which is a new form of innovation in supporting the tax compliance of MSME actors. In order to explore the tax compliance of MSME actors from the perspective of local culture, phenomenology is used as a methodology with an interpretive paradigm as an umbrella of research. In carrying out tax obligations there are Buginese values called interpreted and in the application, which in this study tax compliance there is ada tongeng, lempu, getteng a short get at TKPALG. Pamali culture has not been implemented so that pamali culture is only knowledge.
Sistem Integumen dan Sistem Gerak Ikan
Authors: Kahby Icha Ayunita
Published: March 2023

Ikan merupakan kelompok vertebrata yang paling beragam, dengan lebih dari 27 ribu spesies di seluruh dunia. Struktur tubuh ikan umumnya terbentuk oleh rangka tubuhnya, tulang penyusunnya bisa berupa tulang rawan ataupun tulang sejati. Insang dan ekornya membantu mereka untuk bergerak cepat di dalam air. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sistem integumen dan sistem gerak ikan. Sistem integumen dan sistem gerak ikan memiliki hubungan yang erat dengan fisiologi, biologi dan evolusi ikan. Sistem integumen membantu ikan untuk mengatur suhu, melindungi diri dari serangan predator, dan mengatur metabolisme. Sementara itu, sistem gerak menyediakan stuktur dan kontrol untuk memungkinkan ikan bergerak melalui air. Kedua sistem ini berinteraksi dengan cara yang kompleks, memungkinkan ikan untuk beradaptasi dengan lingkungan mereka. Ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem integumen dan gerak ikan penting untuk memahami biologi dan evolusi ikan.
BERSUKACITA KARENA PERCAYA
Authors: Harahap Ramli
Published: March 2023

Minggu ini kita memasuki Minggu Letare yang artinya bersukacitalah senantiasa bersama-sama Yerusalem –(Marjop ni roha jana marmoga-moga di bagasan Debata - Yes. 66:10a). Dalam memasuki dan menjalani Minggu ini kita akan dikuatkan dan diarahkan Firman Tuhan dengan tema “Bersukacita karena Percaya”. Kata kunci dalam rasa sukacita adalah “percaya”. Orang buta itu merasakan sukacita besar karena ia percaya kepada Yesus. Dari iman percaya itulah dia beroleh anugerah kesembuhan dari Tuhan Yesus.
BMF CP38: How social classes and health considerations in food consumption affect food price concerns
Authors: Team AISDL
Published: March 2023

BMF CP38: How social classes and health considerations in food consumption affect food price concerns
Programa de Aperfeiçoamento de Ensino
Authors: PALETTA FRANCISCO CARLOS , Fermann Angélica Cintra
Published: March 2023

Departamento de Informação e Cultura (CBD). Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciência da Informação (PPGCI). Mestrado Profissional - Relato de Experiência.
Differential expression of NIP7 in colorectal cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: March 2023

Cancer is a leading cause of death and colorectal cancer is among the most lethal cancers (1, 2). We mined published and public microarray datasets (3, 4) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding NIP7, nucleolar pre-rRNA processing protein, NIP7, when comparing colorectal tumors to the tissue of origin, the colon. NIP7 mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in tumors of the colon as compared to normal colorectal tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of NIP7 in rectal tumors was correlated with overall survival in patients with rectal cancer. NIP7 expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of human CRC.
Differential expression of RNF219 in colorectal cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: March 2023

Cancer is a leading cause of death and colorectal cancer is among the most lethal cancers (1, 2). We mined published and public microarray datasets (3, 4) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding ring finger protein 219, RNF219, when comparing colorectal tumors to the tissue of origin, the colon. RNF219 mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in tumors of the colon as compared to normal colorectal tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of RNF219 in rectal tumors was correlated with recurrence-free survival in patients with rectal cancer. RNF219 expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of human CRC.
Ultranumbers
Authors: Lobo Matheus Pereira
Published: March 2023

We introduce a set of abstract objects, the so-called ultranumbers, in order to generalize different classes of numbers. The idea is to find equations with nonexistent solutions in the original set, and then use them to extend the numerical system.
Mất 9 năm tìm đến đáp án của một câu hỏi
Authors: Hoàng Vương Q.
Published: March 2023

Đáp án ấy là nghiên cứu ra ngày 15-03-2023 [1]. Câu hỏi cũng nằm trong [1] và một số ấn phẩm khác liên quan có thể tìm thấy trong mục tài liệu tham khảo.
Differential expression of CHP2 in colorectal cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: March 2023

Cancer is a leading cause of death and colorectal cancer is among the most lethal cancers (1, 2). We mined published and public microarray datasets (3, 4) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding calcineurin-like EF-hand protein 2, CHP2, when comparing colorectal tumors to the tissue of origin, the colon. CHP2 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the colon as compared to normal colorectal tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of CHP2 in rectal tumors was correlated with overall survival in patients with rectal cancer. CHP2 expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of human CRC.
Differential expression of NOB1 in colorectal cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: March 2023

Cancer is a leading cause of death and colorectal cancer is among the most lethal cancers (1, 2). We mined published and public microarray datasets (3, 4) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding NIN1/RPN12 binding protein 1 homolog (S. cerevisiae), NOB1, when comparing colorectal tumors to the tissue of origin, the colon. NOB1 mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in tumors of the colon as compared to normal colorectal tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of NOB1 in rectal tumors was correlated with overall survival in patients with rectal cancer, in those with high neoantigen load. NOB1 expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of human CRC.
Displacement hazard from distributed ruptures in strike-slip earthquakes
Authors: Rodriguez Padilla Alba Mar , Oskin Michael
Published: March 2023

Widespread distributed fracturing during earthquakes threatens infrastructure and lifelines. We combine high-resolution rupture maps from the five major surface-rupturing strike-slip earthquakes in southern California and northern Mexico since 1992 to incorporate the displacements produced by distributed ruptures into a probabilistic displacement hazard analysis framework. Through analysis of the spatial distribution of mapped ruptures and displacements for each of these events, we develop a magnitude-dependent expression for the probability per unit area of finding a distributed rupture that accommodates a displacement that exceeds a displacement threshold at a given distance away from the principal fault. Our model is best applied to estimating expected distributed displacements for strike-slip earthquakes, similar to those analyzed, with widespread ruptures across immature fault zones.
Toward Digital Precision Care: Large-scale Age and Gender Norms for Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback Metrics from a Real-World Digital Mental Health Intervention
Authors: Aschbacher Kirstin , Mather Mara , Lehrer Paul , Gevirtz Richard , Epel Elissa , Peiper Nicholas C.
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVB) is an efficacious treatment for depression and anxiety. However, translation to digital mental health interventions (DMHI) is hindered by the lack of normative data for real-time HRVB metrics, without which, biofeedback risks reduced engagement and efficacy.Methods: We analyzed HRVB data from 5,158 participants in a therapist-supported DMHI incorporating slow-paced breathing to treat depression or anxious symptoms. A real-time metric of HRVB amplitude, shared with users, and a gold-standard research metric of low-frequency (LF) power were computed for each session, and averaged within-participant over 2 weeks. Descriptive statistics characterized age- and gender-based norms for HRVB metrics, while multivariate regression analyses confirmed the effects adjusting for demographic, psychological, and health factors.Results: Real-time HRVB amplitude correlated strongly (r=.93, p<.001) with the LF research gold-standard. Age was associated with a significant decline in HRVB across the lifespan (p<.001), which was steeper among men than women, adjusting for demographic, psychological and health factors. Moreover, resting high and low-frequency power, body mass index, hypertension, Asian race, depression symptoms, and trauma history were significantly associated with HRVB amplitude in multivariate analyses (p’s<.01). Conclusions: Real-time HRVB metrics correlate highly with research gold-standard metrics, enabling automated biofeedback delivery as a treatment component of DMHIs. However, without a precision care algorithm to tailor feedback difficulty, automated HRVB will likely result in suboptimal efficacy and heightened attrition, particularly among older adults. Moreover, we identify clinical and health factors (BMI, hypertension) relevant to building an equitable, accurate algorithm.
A Shiny App for Teachers to Track Daily Student Wellbeing
Authors: Chahl Avery
Published: March 2023

This article describes an R Shiny application to plot and track student coping skills use, as well as stress, and feelings about school and friends. The application is built to process daily data and produce simple visualizations, as manual tracking of student wellbeing is demanding on school personnel. This paper illustrates the use of this application. Such data-driven decision making may have long term implications for improving student academic and socialemotional outcomes.
Self-leadership and innovative work behaviors: Testing a parallel mediation model with goal striving and goal generation
Authors: Kura Kabiru Maitama , Shamsudin Faridahwati Mohd. , Abubakar Ramatu Abdulkareem , Mashod Hartini
Published: March 2023

Although extant research has consistently shown that self-leadership is vital in influencing innovative work behavior, the fundamental mechanisms behind this relationship remain unclear. This study addresses this gap by examining the mediating role of goal-striving and goal-generation in the relationship between self-leadership and innovative work behavior. In total, 286 participants were included in this study. The results revealed that self-leadership plays a significant role in enhancing innovative work behavior. The study also showed that goal generation mediated the relationship between self-leadership and innovative work behavior, but there is insufficient evidence to confirm goal striving as a mediator behind this relationship. The study contributes to our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms behind the relationship between self-leadership and innovative work behavior. It also provides practical implications for organizations seeking to enhance innovative work behavior.
Morphological awareness and DHH students’ reading-related abilities: A meta-analysis of correlations
Authors: Zhang Dongbo , KE SIHUI , Anglin-Jaffe Hannah , Yang Junhui
Published: March 2023

This article presents the first meta-analysis on correlations of morphological awareness (MA) with reading-related abilities in deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) students (k = 14, N = 556). The results showed high mean correlations of MA with all three reading-related abilities: rs = .610, .712, and .669 (all ps < .001), respectively, for word reading, vocabulary knowledge, and reading comprehension. A set of moderator analysis was conducted of language, DHH students’ age/reading stage and degree of hearing loss, and task type. The correlation of MA with word reading was significantly stronger in alphabetic than in non-alphabetic languages, and for fluency than accuracy; for vocabulary knowledge, the correlation was significantly stronger for production MA tasks than for judgment tasks; for reading comprehension, derivational MA tasks showed a stronger correlation than those having a mixed focus on inflection and derivation. While no other moderator effects were significant, the correlations for subsets of effect sizes were largely high for a moderator. These findings reaffirmed the importance of morphology in DHH students’ reading development. The present synthesis, while evidencing major development of research on the metalinguistic underpinnings of reading in DHH students, also showed that the literature on MA is still very limited.
Investigating the role of action-contingent expectancy biases and internal attribution style in dysphoria-linked behavioural inactivity
Authors: Ji Julie Lin , MacLeod Colin
Published: March 2023

Reduced tendency to engage in potentially rewarding activities is a hallmark of depression. The present study investigated the role of future expectancy biases in depression-linked behavioural choice, in participants varying in self-reported depression symptoms (dysphoria). A novel laboratory paradigm was developed to test the hypotheses that the degree to which higher dysphoria is associated with reduced tendency to engage in a potentially rewarding activity is dependent on the presence of negative biases in the expected outcomes of activity engagement. Specifically, two types of expectancy biases were distinguished: a) the expected likelihood of a negative rather than positive outcome, and b) the expected emotional impact of either outcome. N = 176 undergraduate students with varied levels of dysphoria were given the opportunity to choose to engage in a coin-tossing game that could result in a win or loss monetary outcome in terms of charity donations, and then rated both types of expectancies. Results indicated that higher dysphoria was associated with more negative expectations concerning the likelihood of objective outcomes and the emotional impact of such outcomes, and as hypothesised, such negative expectancy biases mediated indirect associations between dysphoria and behavioural choice.
Are fluctuations in the stock market tied to a dopamine cycle in the human brain
Authors: Khan Tariq
Published: March 2023

The observations of a small and informal study are presented that proposes a 40-day-long dopamine cycle in the human brain. This cycle has 10 days of low dopamine followed by 10 days of high dopamine (resembling a pulse shape), followed by 20 days of normal dopamine. There are nine 40-day-long cycles each year ending at the winter solstice. The model presents specific behaviors aligned to specific dates of the calendar year that produce a map of human temperament as well as nine specific “buy low” and “sell high” stock market intervals.
Leitura pública e a possibilidade de modos públicos e comuns para a provisão e fruição dos bens culturais
Authors: Felizes Amarílis , Sequeiros Paula
Published: March 2023

Public and public access libraries are organized for the provision of a differentiated set of reading goods. They declare to be open institutions for the use of the public. We address the characteristics of the provision and uses of goods in public libraries, referring to the complexity of these characteristics. The theme of library economics and public reading needs to be deepened to build reflection and proposal on public policies of culture, including policies of public reading. We advance the need to understand some lines of economic thought about reading goods, the market, and valuation, sharing and enjoyment of cultural goods. We focus on the economy of public reading in Portugal and the provision of services and goods that propitiate their shared and/or common usage, while acknowledging that there may similarities with other locations and other areas of culture. We reflect on the current relevance of public policies for reading in libraries and on the need to think about public and common modes of provision of cultural goods and services
In Defence of the Kalam Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God.
Authors: Blaber Richard Michael
Published: March 2023

This paper will offer a defence of the Kalam cosmological argument for the existence of God, originally proposed by al-Ghazâlî (c.1056-1111), and reiterated and defended in our own time by W.L. Craig, together with a robust defence of its necessary concomitant, causal finitism, arguing that time and space must be finite. It will also argue that attempts to combine the Kalam argument with the teleological one, whether in its ‘fine-tuning’ or design forms, fail. It will conclude that creation was not ex nihilo, but from the infinite substance of God.
School and Residential Segregation in the Reproduction of Urban Segregation. A Case Study in Buenos Aires
Authors: Serrati Pablo Santiago
Published: March 2023

The link between residential and school segregation is widely recognized as a key to explaining urban inequalities. However, most studies have focused on countries of the global north. This paper outlines to identify to what extent socioeconomic residential segregation explains secondary school segregation in Buenos Aires (Argentina). Based on a linear programming method, the study proposes a hypothetical pupil allocation model that takes into account the capacity of schools and is used as an ideal typus to compare with the real socioeconomic school composition. Using a ‘decompose method’ of segregation differences to analyze the differences in segregation indices and a local segregation analysis, this paper finds that in a residential context with low segregation but high social inequalities, school segregation is a social mechanism that allows maintaining spaces of differentiation and distancing between groups. In discussion with the idea of a 'vicious circle of segregation', this article argues for the potential of a multi-domain approach to segregation, to understand how different domains work in articulated and complex ways to reinforce urban segregation.
Trustworthy Autonomous Systems and Disabled Young People: A Critical Literature Review
Authors: White Lauren , Picardi Chiara , Paterson Colin , Towsend Beverley , Wang Juan , Buxton Alison , Hallam-Bowles Stephen , Liddiard Kirsty , Law James , Calinescu Radu , Goodley Dan
Published: March 2023

Autonomous robotic and AI assistive systems are becoming increasingly prevalent in public and private spheres—often heralded as having the potential to revolutionise the everyday lives of disabled people. The reality could not be more different: disabled young people are routinely excluded from such spheres and, significantly, from the recent efforts to ensure that autonomous systems are trustworthy. Our critical literature review explores how trustworthy autonomous systems (TAS) can be framed within a critical disability studies perspective. We introduce the field of TAS and explore the interdisciplinary field of critical disability studies. This brings us to a key question: how is disability conceptualised, methodologically explored and represented in the TAS literature? We address this question by considering the ways in which disability and TAS have hitherto connected in the literature. We conclude with suggestions for future research and innovation that place disabled young people at the core of research and innovation in TAS.
Facebook as an Avenue to News: A Comparison and Validation of Approaches to Identify Facebook Referrals
Authors: Schmidt Felix , Mangold Frank , Stier Sebastian , Ulloa Roberto
Published: March 2023

Given that Facebook is still the most widely used social networking site in the world, its influence on democratic processes is under constant scrutiny. Academics have put a special focus on Facebook's role in inhibiting or enhancing citizens' news exposure. Recent studies using digital behavioral data have analyzed the prevalence and effects of "Facebook news referrals". Using a web tracking tool that captures general browsing behavior as well as public posts seen on Facebook, this paper lays the groundwork for the field by assessing the validity of previously proposed operationalizations. We validate news referrals by investigating whether different measures actually reflect exposure to a news URL a user saw on Facebook. We furthermore assess the effects of news referrals on central outcomes in extant literature, contingent on different operationalizations. The results show that the most precise measure of news referrals are referral IDs attached as parameters to news URLs by Facebook. Still, the substantive findings are broadly comparable across approaches, lending further credibility to published research, despite measurement errors. The paper demonstrates the need for academics to constantly innovate in order to measure citizens' online behavior in an ecologically valid manner.
Sovereign Immunity of Uncrewed Surveillance Vehicles and the Limits of Enforcement Jurisdiction
Authors: McKenzie Simon
Published: March 2023

States have long trespassed on the territory of other States to carry out surveillance. However, new technology is changing the stakes of these incursions: uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) and uncrewed maritime vehicles (UMVs) used for surveillance can trespass in the territory of another State without risk to the lives of the agents of the deploying State. In addition, States appear to be more willing to capture or destroy trespassing uncrewed vehicles. This paper assesses whether these developments suggest there is a basis to denying trespassing uncrewed devices sovereign immunity from the enforcement jurisdiction of territorial States. It argues that while uncrewed devices (like other forms of military property used for non-commercial purposes) are entitled to sovereign immunity, they can lose that immunity through their conduct, including by trespassing on the territory of another State. This allows for the territorial State to exercise enforcement jurisdiction, including the destruction of the device, over the UAV or UMV.
Understanding the social and political dimensions of research(er) assessment: Interpretative flexibility and hidden criteria
Authors: Ross-Hellauer Tony , Aubert Bonn Noémie , Horbach Serge P. J. M.
Published: March 2023

Debates about appropriate, fair and effective ways of assessing research and researchers have raged through the scientific community for decades, recently mostly concerned with discussing the merits and limitations of metric-based, quantitative assessments versus peer review-based, qualitative alternatives. Ample attention has been paid to formal assessment criteria, building to a consensus that less emphasis should be placed on quantification, while supporting open and diverse sets of criteria. Yet the theory and evidence upon which such policy reform depends is still surprisingly sparse. Based on qualitative free-text responses from 121 respondents gathered during an international survey of active researchers, this study examines how criteria are applied in practice and how those being assessed perceive informal criteria to determine the outcomes of assessments. While confirming the general critique on over-emphasising quantification, respondents particularly identify a mismatch between formal criteria and actual evaluation practices. Hidden criteria, including social, political, and demographic factors, are perceived important, especially in intransparent assessment procedures, opening up for assessors’ interpretative flexibility. This adds to ongoing discussions on the performativity of assessment criteria and lays bare a tension between the rigidity and flexibility of criteria and the extent to which these can be transparently communicated.
Hunter-gatherer Population Expansion and Intensification: Malthusian and Boserupian Dynamics
Authors: Freeman Jacob , Mauldin Raymond P. , Hard Robert J. , Solis Kristina , Whisenhunt Mary , Anderies John M.
Published: March 2023

Despite years of debate, the factors that control the long-term carrying capacity of human populations are not well understood. In this paper, we assess the effect of changes in resource extraction and climate driven changes in ecosystem productivity on the carrying capacity of hunter-gatherer populations in a terrestrial and coastal ecosystem. To make this assessment, we build time-series estimates of changes in resource extraction via human stable isotopes and ecosystem productivity via paleoclimate models and geomorphic records of flood events. These estimates of resource extraction and ecosystem productivity allow us to assess a complex model of population expansion that proposes linked changes between population density, resource extraction, and intensification. We find that changes in resource extraction had a larger effect on carrying capacity in both the terrestrial and coastal ecosystems than climate drivers of ecosystem productivity. Our results are consistent with the idea that both Malthusian limits on resources and Boserupian pressures to reorganize economic systems operate in hunter-gatherer populations over the long-term. Our data and analysis contribute to evaluating complex models of population growth and subsistence change across archaeological cases.
Territorial Patterns of Open E-Government: Evidence from Chilean Municipalities
Authors: González-Bustamante Bastián , Aguilar Diego
Published: March 2023

This article analyses the development of open e-government between 2019 and 2021 in Chile’s 345 municipalities. We aggregated an e-government index (EGi) to measure the provision of local digital services for citizens. We then combined this with indicators of transparency and access to public information to create an open e-government index (OEGi). Our empirical strategy is based on geospatial econometric analysis in two stages: first, we describe and georeference our index, estimating the level of spatial autocorrelation and then fit different econometric models to measure the impact of the degree of Internet use, socioeconomic dynamism and management capacity on the municipalities’ development of open e-government. Our main findings indicate that monetary poverty has a negative effect on the index, while the municipal government’s budget has a positive effect.
Shifting Sands: An Analysis of College Access Deserts from 2001 to 2019
Authors: Winfield Jake D.
Published: March 2023

Recent higher education scholarship has recognized the continuing importance of place in college opportunities for students. One of these frames that has been growing in prominence are college access deserts - areas of the country without two public two-year colleges or a public four-year college that accepts at least 75% of applicants. This paper constructs an open access dataset of college access deserts for 2001 to 2019 and argues that education scholars, especially those using this construct, need to carefully consider and state collegiate classifications and the time period of analysis. Using this dataset and data from the American Community Survey, I find that racialized patterns of college access exist when examining 2010 to 2019 that are obscured in single year analysis, particularly for regions with higher than average populations of Black or American Indian/Alaskan Native residents. Scholars of higher education can use this open access dataset of college access deserts to further understand racialized patterns while using principles of open science.
State Sanctioned Fraud
Authors: Monea Nino C. , Tatum James L.
Published: March 2023

This article examines the new trend of the Securities and Exchange Commission going after state governments for securities fraud. It considers the SEC and its ability to issue cease and desist orders and an overview of the recent SEC enforcement actions against the states and makes the case for regulating the municipal bond market. The market is opaque, and many workers rely on pensions as the cornerstone of their income during retirement. The consequences of a pension system collapse could be calamitous for workers. Conversely, research shows that transparency in the bond market correlates with a number of benefits.
"13 Reasons Why" Probably Increased Emergency Room Visits for Self-Harm among Teenage Girls
Authors: Felton Chris
Published: March 2023

I present evidence that the release of Netflix's 13 Reasons Why---a fictional series about the aftermath of a teenage girl's suicide---caused a temporary spike in emergency room (ER) visits for self-harm among teenage girls in the United States. I conduct an interrupted time series (ITS) analysis using monthly counts of ER visits obtained from a large, nationally representative survey. I estimate that the show caused an increase of 1,297 self-harm visits (95\% CI: 634 to 1,965) the month it was released, a 14\% (6.5\%, 23\%) spike relative to the predicted counterfactual. The effect persisted for two months, and ER visits for intentional cutting---the method of suicide portrayed in the series---were unusually high following the show's release. The findings indicate that fictional portrayals of suicide can influence real-life self-harm behavior and provide support for contagion-based explanations of suicide. Methodologically, the study showcases how to make credible causal claims when effect estimates are likely biased.
Linking the Risky Behaviour of Fathers and Their Children
Authors: Vanchugova Darya , Norman Helen , Elliot Mark
Published: March 2023

Using data from the UK's Millennium Cohort Study, this study examined whether the father's involvement in childcare, father-child closeness and conflict was associated with risky behavior of their adolescent children. Further, the study explored whether these associations were moderated by the fathers' risky behavior. A set of logistic regressions was run to evaluate the associations of interest, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. The analysis also controlled for the mother-child relationship and mother's risky behavior. The estimated models did not show significant associations between the father's and children's risky behavior, however some evidence of a positive association between these constructs arose from a cross-tabulation analysis. The main analysis did not provide evidence in support of the association between father-child relationshipand risky behavior in early adolescence. However, an additional analysis revealed a negative association in early adolescence between the father's involvement and the odds of the children's risky behavior. By contrast, in all estimated models the father's involvement in childhood was strongly associated with lower odds of risky behavior in early adolescence. The associations between the father's and children's risky behavior were moderated by father-child relationship, however the direction of the moderation effect could not be consistently established in this study.
Game Over: An Analysis of How Video Game Loot Boxes and Advertisements Target Children with Potential Solutions
Authors: Ghosh Arnab
Published: March 2023

Video games have emerged as one of the world’s fastest-growing industries. Although initially aimed at adults, video games have become an increasingly popular pastime among youth, with 90% of children playing video games today throughout the United States according to a Pew Research study (Anderson). The entertainment value of video games is one of several factors driving their popularity; other reasons include the sense of challenge and achievement they provide, in addition to social and interactive aspects. Yet this trend has many parents and experts concerned about the potential adverse impacts of such technology on children. Unlike traditional forms of entertainment, the effect of video games on young minds is relatively untested, as they are a product of the lightning pace of the technology industry. One concerning element in many video games is loot boxes, which have significantly risen in usage over the past decade. Loot boxes describe a mechanic in which the customer can buy items within a video game for real-world currency (Drummond et al.). Unlike direct purchases, loot boxes do not guarantee users specific items: one simply pays for the chance to obtain such items. While video games are profitable without loot boxes, these add-ons have allowed the gaming industry to quickly become one of the most profitable markets both in America and worldwide. Globally, loot boxes have enabled video game companies to achieve gross income levels in excess of $117 billion in 2018, a number only projected to increase as childcare becomes increasingly dependent on technology and is further integrated into the lives of youth (Smith). Despite the profitability that they can yield for video game companies, loot boxes can be problematic when viewed as a means of exposing children to a form of gambling (Wardle and Zendle). Another troublesome facet of video games as they relate to child development is targeted advertisements. Targeted advertisements have existed for decades. Yet the growth of online gaming has contributed to the integration of targeted advertising into consumers’ daily lives. Unfortunately, targeted advertisements potentially pose more harm to children than loot boxes because of their prevalence. The widespread growth of both loot boxes and targeted advertisements into children’s lives via video games elicits the need for a review of harmful practices and recommendations for improvement.
Living Arrangements and Housing Affordability Issues of Young Adults in Canada: Differences by Nativity Status
Authors: Choi Kate H. , Ramaj Sagi
Published: March 2023

Canada has witnessed a diversification of young adults’ living arrangements. The percentage of young adults in nuclear families declined. Conversely, the percentage of young adults who live alone or with roommates increased. This diversification reflects growing inequalities in young adults’ ability to transition into economic roles and access private safety nets. We document inequalities in young adults’ risk of having unaffordable housing according to their living arrangements. Young adults who live solely with their children are most likely to have unaffordable housing. The opposite is true for those who live with their parents. Moreover, the protective effect of living with parents is smaller for the foreign-born than for the native-born. The National Housing Strategy in Canada should allocate considerable resources for the construction of affordable housing that can accommodate the diverse living arrangements of young adults.
Neighborhood Structure and Environmental Quality: A fine-grained analysis of spatial inequalities in urban Germany
Authors: König Christian
Published: March 2023

Urban environments are characterized by sparsity of space, elevated levels of air pollution, and limited exposure to natural environments. Yet, residential environmental quality varies substantially both between and within urban areas. This study combines information on the socioeconomic and -demographic composition of 186,000 neighborhoods with administrative and remote sensing data on the spatial distribution of industrial plants and urban green space to investigate patterns of environmental inequality in urban Germany at unprecedented levels of spatial granularity. It disentangles neighborhood disadvantages experienced by non-nationals from those eperienced by low-income households in order to assess the plausibility of economic explanations of residential sorting. The high level of spatial granularity makes it possible to examine patterns of environmental inequality not only between the relatively large areas that have been used as units of analysis in previous work but also within them, while reducing the threat of ecological bias. Results indicate that German non-nationals are more likely to be exposed to industrial air pollution and less likely to live close to green spaces. This association holds even after adjusting for neighborhood income composition and in fixed-effects specifications that restrict the analysis to within-city variation. I find no evidence for environmental inequality by socioeconomic position. Exploratory sub-sample analyses suggest that neighborhood disadvantages for non-nationals are higher in cities with higher right-wing vote shares.
The fundamental cognitive approaches of mathematics
Authors: Escobedo Casillas Salvador Daniel
Published: March 2023

We propose a way to explain the diversification of branches of mathematics, distinguishing the different approaches by which mathematical objects can be studied. In our philosophy of mathematics, there is a base object, which is the abstract multiplicity that comes from our empirical experience. However, due to our human condition, the analysis of such multiplicity is covered by other empirical cognitive attitudes (approaches), diversifying the ways in which it can be conceived, and consequently giving rise to different mathematical disciplines. This diversity of approaches is founded on the manifold categories that we find in physical reality. We also propose, grounded on this idea, the use of Aristotelian categories as a first model for this division, generating from it a classification of mathematical branches. Finally we make a history review to show that there is consistency between our classification, and the historical appearance of the different branches of mathematics.
Electrochemical performance of aqueous electrolytes in porous carbon derived cassava peel electrode material-based for sustainable symmetrical supercapacitor
Authors: Taer Erman , Eva Wahyuni Harahap , Apriwandi Apriwandi , Rika Taslim
Published: March 2023

Electrolytes have been generally recognized as one of the most important components in enhancing the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors. On the other hand, aqueous electrolytes are considered prime candidates for the development of the next generation of symmetric supercapacitors due to their low-cost, environmentally friendly, high ionic conductivity, fine ionic size, and high capacitance. Herein, the symmetrical supercapacitor of the sustainable porous carbon-based electrode material was confirmed through various aqueous electrolytes consisting of neutral, basic, and acidic Na2SO4, KOH, and H2SO4. Activated carbon is obtained from high potential biomass sources of cassava peel waste. Activated carbon synthesis was performed with a comprehensive approach in order to obtain abundant pore structure, high porosity, and improved wettability through a combination of high-temperature chemical and physical activation. in addition, the electrode material is designed to resemble a solid disc without the addition of a synthetic binder. The evaluation of the disc dimensions showed high porosity in the obtained activated carbon. Furthermore, the symmetrical supercapacitor of the optimized electrode material exhibit excellent specific capacitances of 112, 150, and 183 F g-1 at 1 mV s-1 in the electrolytes Na2SO4, KOH, and H2SO4, respectively. In addition, the highest rate capability of 70% was confirmed in the H2SO4 acid electrolyte. Moreover, their coulombic efficiency can be maintained around 89% with low equivalent series resistance 0.21-0.42 ?. Therefore, the activated carbon-based supercapacitor symmetric cell device from cassava peel shows high performance for developing high-performance supercapacitor applications with guaranteed stability in aqueous electrolytes.
The Impact of ESG Practices on Business Performance in Vietnam: A Study of the Textile and Garment Industry
Authors: Thi Ngoc Do , Thi Ngoc Huyen Nguyen , Thu Huong Tran , Thi Thuy Tien Tong
Published: March 2023

In recent years, there are many textile and garment enterprises in Vietnam who are interested in understanding the relevance of ESG practices to their business performance. The article is researched with the aim of analyzing the relationship between ESG practice and the performance of businesses, especially in the textile and garment industry in Vietnam. The authors used Cronbach's Alpha accreditation, EFA factor analysis, linear regression model, and Bootstrap testing for intermediate variables to analyze "The impact of ESG practices on the performance of textile enterprises in the period 2018 - 2021". The results showed a positive influence between ESG practices and business performance through factors such as customer loyalty, corporate reputation and corporate culture.