bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantitative analysis of plant biodiversity of Mount Sidi Youcef Region of Saida (Western Algeria)
Authors: Chalane F. , Bekkouce A. , Yahiaoui F. Z. , Mehdadi Z. , Hamdaoui F.
Published: December 2019

Our work, is interested in assessing the biodiversity in the Mount of Sidi youcef region of Saida (Western Algeria), for this sixteen stations are selected, within each station, a floristic inventory has been made. The results obtained show that the species richness is 69 species, distributed in 30 botanical families dominated by Caryophylacea Poaceae and Liliaceae. The biological spectrum of these species reveals the dominance of therophytes constituted the bulk of the flora, followed by geophytes, phanerophytes, hemicryptophytes and chamaephytes. PCA statistical processing (principal component analysis) of the floristic analysis of the stations examined reveals the formation of four groups defining a set of stations marked by the presence of certain phytoecological similarity.
To the species composition of oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) of Rivnensky Nature Reserve
Authors: Shevchenko O.S.
Published: December 2019

New data was added to the oribatid species composition of the Rivnensky Nature Reserve. Overall, 62 mite species were recorded for the territory of research in this study. The species Acrogalumna longipluma, Micreremus brevipes, Licneremaeus licnophorus, Oribatella reticulata, and Porobelba spinosa were not previously listed for the Western Polissia. Of the 60 species of Lower Oribatida mites that have been recorded by other authors in that area, only 18 are found again in the Rivnensky Nature Reserve, indicating that our results are intermediate. A representative of the genus Mainothrus Choi, 1996 (Mainothrus badius (Berlese, 1905)) is found in Ukraine for the first time.
Botanist and entomologist – Kh.Kh. Steven
Authors: Кrut’ М.V.
Published: December 2019

Khristian Khristianovich Steven is a founder and first director of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden, a general inspector of sericulture and agriculture of South Russia (1826–1851). He was a known researcher of nature of XIX century, botanist, entomologist and horticulturist. On constant inspector tours he investigated the experience of sericulture, viticulture and horticulture, gathered collections of insects, herbariums. In 1808 he created a silk-mill near Bendery. In 1820–1821 Steven visited leading scientific and horticultural centres of Europe: he has been to Austria, Germany, Switzerland, France, Greece, Italy and Turkey. He took large collections of insects and plants out there. One collection of insects was destined for Moscow University, and another thing was by Ministry of State Property for agricultural school. The scientific heritage of Khristian Khristianovich Steven in the sphere of entomology consists of 11 published works, which are of faunistic character. He made an inventory of new insects too, in particular goldfish beetles. It has been indicated the possibilities of coating with putty of the vine’s lower part near ground to protect of it from grape scrub (Otiorhynchus asphaltinus Germ.). This putty was applied against other larvae of pest insects.
Reseña de: Lowell Gudmundson, Costa Rica después del café. La era cooperativa en la historia y la memoria (San José: EUNED, 2018).
Authors: Díaz Arias David
Published: December 2019

Lowell Gudmundson es un historiador nacido en los Estados Unidos, pero con un profundo interés por Costa Rica y Centroamérica. Nacido en 1951, una buena parte de sus años de vida los ha pasado investigando en los archivos costarricenses y produciendo trabajos cuyo impacto ha beneficiado mucho la historiografía nacional. En ese sentido, el trabajo clásico de Gudmundson fue su libro Costa Rica antes del café, que fue primero su tesis de doctorado en la University of Minnesota en 1982, se convirtió en libro en inglés en 1986[2]y luego se publicó en español en 1993[3]por parte de la Editorial Costa Rica y fue reeditado en 2010 por la Editorial de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia...
La tribu de François Barcelo y Cien años de Soledad de García Márquez: Génesis, auge y declive de comunidades premodernas
Authors: Arcos Guerrero Oscar Iván
Published: December 2019

Este artículo se inicia reflexionando sobre la universalización de Cien años de soledad (1967) para detenerse en el ingreso de esta en las culturas de lengua francesa. Muestra cómo La Tribu (1981) de François Barcelo se apropia de la estructura que la ficción de Macondo presenta para proponer, desde su contexto, una reelaboración de tal organización textual. Se emplean planteamientos pertenecientes al estructuralismo francés, a la historia de Quebec y a teorías referentes al discurso histórico. También se usan textos que abordan la tradición literaria de dicha región canadiense y trabajos que estudian las novelas involucradas en este escrito.
A nyugat-nílusi vírus okozta neuroinvazív tünetegyüttes előfordulása sürgősségi osztályon
Authors: Koch Márton , Török Katalin Tímea , Nagy Ferenc , Soós Viktor , Pozsgai Éva , Lelovics Zsuzsanna , Nagy Anna , Varga Csaba
Published: December 2019

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: Az Európai Betegségmegelőzési és Járványvédelmi
Központ adatai szerint a nyugat-nílusi vírus (West Nile virus, WNV) által
okozott neuroinvazív tünetegyüttes előfordulása nagymértékben emelkedett
Európában és hazánkban az elmúlt években. Ennek hátterében a klíma- és
csapadékviszonyok változása valószínűsíthető. A WNV által okozott zoonosist
szúnyogok terjesztik. A vírusfertőzés többnyire tünetmentes, 20%-ban általános
vírusfertőzéses tüneteket okoz, és kevesebb, mint 1%-ban halálos kimenetelű
neuroinvazív betegséghez vezethet. Célkitűzés: Közleményünk
célja saját eseteinken keresztül a WNV által okozott neuroinvazív tünetegyüttes
és az alkalmazott diagnosztikai és terápiás teendők bemutatása, valamint az
infekció kapcsán a differenciáldiagnosztikai dilemmák feloldása.
Módszer: A Somogy Megyei Kaposi Mór Kórházban 2018. július
31. és 2018. szeptember 4. között kezelt 4 beteg esetét mutatjuk be, akiknél
szerológiai és molekuláris biológiai módszerekkel igazolódott a WNV-fertőzés. A
retrospektív esetelemzést a WNV-fertőzés epidemiológiai áttekintésével
egészítettük ki. Eredmények: A jelzett időintervallumban
intézményünkben 4 betegnél igazolódott WNV-fertőzés. Minden esetben a
neurológiai tünetek széles skáláját észleltük, egy haláleset következett be. A
fertőzött betegek idősebbek voltak, valamint számos társbetegségben szenvedtek.
Következtetések: A WNV-fertőzésekre a súlyosabb,
neuroinvazív tünetekkel járó kórlefolyás megjelenése jellemző hazánkban is. A
fertőzés terápiája szupportív, fájdalomcsillapítást és a szekunder infekciók
kezelését foglalja magában. Az ismeretlen etiológiájú neurológiai kórképeknél –
különösen encephalitisre utaló tünettan esetén – fontos gondolni a
WNV-fertőzésre. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(51): 2026–2035.
“SCM Studyguide to Theology in the Contemporary World” by Ben Pugh
Authors: Wen Clement Yung
Published: December 2019

Review ofBen Pugh, SCM Studyguide to Theology in the Contemporary World (London: SCM Press, 2017), pp. xi + 207, ISBN 978-0334055747. £19.99
Investigating asymmetric spatial butterfly-shaped steel arch bridges: a case study
Authors: Sun Jianyuan , Xie Jinbao , Liu Chao
Published: December 2019

Jiusha Bridge in Hangzhou city, China, is an asymmetric spatial butterfly-shaped steel arch bridge. The bridge deck and steel arch rib form a half-through structure at one end and a through structure at the other. The bridge sits on a soft soil foundation with poor thrust resistance; therefore, different force transmission structures adopted at the asymmetric ends to balance the large arch thrust during internal force transmission of the structure were researched. The mechanical behaviour of the asymmetric steel arch bridge under dead load and live load was compared with that of a symmetric half-through and through steel arch bridge. Subsequently, a full-bridge finite-element (FE) model was established in order to adjust the stiffness contribution of the middle arch and side arches to the bridge, optimise the hanger forces in the finished bridge state and analyse the bridge's stress, stiffness, stability and dynamic characteristics. The stresses in some key members and joints were calculated by means of a refined FE model consisting of beam elements, truss elements and plate elements. Some of the special construction technologies used on Jiusha Bridge are also briefly discussed.
Language choice among the Almaty students
Authors: Alishariyeva Akbota Nagashybekovna , Ibrayeva Zhanar Kulmatovna , Protassova Ekaterina Yurievna
Published: December 2019

The article is dedicated to the multilingualism among the students of the Kazakh National al-Farabi University. The demographic statistics shows decrease in the numbers of Russian-speakers and the growth in the numbers of young speakers of Central Asian regional languages. The attitudes towards multilingualism change. The future teachers will be trilingual, according to the language policy in Kazakhstan. The article uses the methods of linguistic biography, auto-reflection, and thematic analysis.
The results show that the youth has critical attitudes toward the own plurilingualism and the positive attitudes towards the goals that they have to achieve. In conclusion, it is demonstrated that different languages can be used in practice under condition that students acquire them consciously and control the learning process.
Locating Forced Migrants’ Resources: Residency Status and the Process of Family Reunification in Finland
Authors: Hiitola Johanna
Published: December 2019

This article investigates how forced migrants residing in Finland utilise different types of resources in their efforts to reunite with their families. The data includes 36 group and individual interviews (2018–2019) with 43 Iraqi, Afghan, Somali, and Ethiopian forced migrants holding residence permits in Finland, who were either seeking to reunite with their families, or had already brought their families to Finland, or had attempted but failed to achieve family reunification. The results show that a variety of resources are needed to navigate the bureaucracies involved in family reunification. Economic resources in one’s country of origin may be used to pay the high administrative and travel costs, as well as other fees required by government officials to obtain visas for family members. Cultural resources, such as education, are useful when one is trying to make sense of the complicated application process, or seeking work or educational opportunities in the new country. Different forms of social resources can be utilised to seek advice. However, the resources at the disposal of migrants are not the determining factor in attempts to successfully reunite with one’s family. Although they are important, the success of the reunification process depends more on one’s residency status and whether it allows family reunification without a high-income requirement.
Second Generation and Migrant Capital in the Transnational Space: The Case of Young Kurds in France
Authors: Toivanen Mari
Published: December 2019

Transnational ties, networks, and mobilities can constitute a social resource for diaspora communities. Resources available as a result of the migration process or transnational ties can potentially become capitalised by diaspora members. Yet, diaspora members cannot automatically capitalise on all transnational networks and ties, and only resources that are mobilisable within particular transnational networks constitute “migrant capital” (Anthias, 2007; Ryan, 2011). Migrants’ children have grown up in “transnational social space,” in a social setting that is embedded with multiple sets of interconnected networks of social relationships, memberships, identities, and mobilities of cross-border character (Levitt, 2009). Little is known on whether such transnational networks function as a mobilisable social resource, i.e., migrant capital, for the second generation. This study focuses on the transnational ties, practices, and mobilities of second-generation Kurds in France and examines whether those constitute a mobilisable resource for them. It specifically asks if second-generation members intent to or have capitalised on such resources in the transnational social space. The study sheds light on the workings of transnational resources in the lives of the second generation and asks about the extent to which they can be considered migrant capital. The analysis draws from a qualitative dataset such as interviews and observations collected with second-generation Kurds in France.
Foreword
Authors: Newton Charles
Published: December 2019

The Journal of the International Child Neurology Association (JICNA) is delighted to publish the proceedings of the 13th Congress of the International Child Neurology Association. The 500+ abstracts reflect the wide ranging research and practice in the field of child neurology, worldwide. While they are very informative and reflective of current trends in child neurology, readers should bear in mind that the abstracts may not have been fully peer reviewed. I look forward to receiving the full papers from this data to be considered for publication in JICNA.Charles NewtonEditor-in-ChiefJICNA
Family Perspectives of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Urban Ghana
Authors: Dixon Pamela , Badoe Eben V , Victoria Owusu Nana Akua
Published: December 2019

Background: Limited research is available on Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in Africa. The purpose of this study is to increase understanding of the diagnosis, treatment and education of children and adults with ASDs.Methods: Questionnaires and a structured interview were used to gather information from families of children and young adults (n=25, 19 male, 6 female, age range 3-30 years) with ASDs. Descriptive statistics and frequencies were used to describe demographic background information, parent concerns prior to diagnosis, medical and developmental history, associated symptoms, education and treatment history, and perceived treatment needs. Demographic, medical, school, and treatment characteristics are presented alongside case reports to illustrate common themes.Results: Symptom severity measured using the Autism Spectrum Rating Scales revealed that the majority of the sample had ASD severity scores in the “elevated” or “very elevated” ranges. Participants were identified in early childhood, due to concerns about developmental delays. Few sleeping and eating difficulties were reported.  While externalizing behaviors were cited as a primary concern, few participants utilized medications for the treatment of hyperactivity or aggression.Conclusions: Caregivers in this sample cite significant concerns about managing behavior, highlighting the need for additional parent training.
Infantile Spasms in Children with Down Syndrome: Detroit Experience
Authors: Marandi Elahe , Kumar Ajay , Kaddurah Ahmad , Chugani Harry
Published: December 2019

Background: Children with Down syndrome frequently develop infantile spasms (IS); however, variable seizure outcome has been reported and not much is known about the clinical-electrophysiological factors affecting these outcomes. Therefore, we evaluated the clinical, neuroimaging and electrophysiological data in our DS with IS patient cohort, with a relatively long follow-up duration, to address some of these issues.  Methods: Disease characteristics, diagnostic tests and treatment outcomes from 15 children (F: M=7:8) with IS and DS (follow-up duration: 10-197 months) were analyzed. Results: The median age at onset of spasms was 7 (2-16) months. EEG showed hypsarrhythmia in 10 infants, and patterns of diffusely disorganised background with multifocal independent spike-wave activity in the remaining five. Brain MRI (n=8) revealed no abnormality in 3, microcephaly in 2, delayed myelination in one, and minimal volume changes in 2. PET scans (n=5) showed diffuse glucose hypometabolism in 3, focal hypo- or hypermetabolism in 1 and 2 patients, respectively, and increased or decreased basal-ganglia metabolism in one each. Spasms disappeared in 8 patients (53.3%; six off medication), with girls (5/7; 71%) responding slightly better than boys (3/8; 37.5%). Seven of the 8 responders had shown hypsarrhythmia. Cessation of spasms was achieved by ACTH alone (n=1) or in combination with vigabatrin or zonisamide (n=1, each), and monotherapy with zonisamide (n=2), topiramate (n=1), prednisone (n=1), and ketogenic diet (n=1). Two patients showed evolution into complex partial seizure or Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. One child had dystonic cerebral palsy associated with perinatal asphyxia. Conclusions: Spasms developed relatively later in patients with IS and DS, compared to cryptogenic IS patients, and showed modest response to treatment. Girls appear to have a better treatment response, with presence of hypsarrhythmia may signal a better treatment outcome.
Febrile encephalopathy
Authors: Singhi Pratibha , Sankhyan Naveen
Published: December 2019

Febrile encephalopathy can be due to various causes that vary according to the local epidemiology and season. The critical window for diagnosis and effective intervention is often short. The basic principles of management include; the initial assessment and stabilization, focussed clinical evaluation and neurological assessment. Management include general and specific measures. Raised intracranial pressure, seizures and hemodynamic instability must be managed urgently and appropriately, since the diagnosis or specific etiology is not immediately apparent, empiric therapy based on local disease prevalence is initiated. A more specific management can be followed after a diagnosis is established or is reasonably certain.
Features of regulation and control of emissions at the facility of category III
Authors: Lamikhova Maria Vasilievna
Published: December 2019

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Why regions fail (or succeed). The Role of Government Institutions in the Long-Run
Authors: Bonanno Filippo
Published: December 2019

This paper represents an attempt to reconcile some general intuitions provided by Daron Acemoglu and James A. Robinson in the book “Why Nations Fail” with the case of the deep regional disparities in the economic performances observed within the “Western” European Union during the period 2001-2015. By adopting an approach to growth analysis based on binary response models, this paper quantifies the extent to which the quality of government institutions has shaped regional economic performances in the European Union throughout the period comprising the Great Recession. Empirical results show that: 1) The higher is the quality of institutions, the higher is the probability that a region with high income per capita will grow above the levels of the European Union as a whole. 2) The higher is the quality of institutions, the lower is the probability that a low-income region will grow below the levels of European Union as a whole. 3) The higher is the quality of institutions, the higher (lower) is the probability that any region, regardless of its income per capita, will outperform (underperform) the European Union as a whole. 4) The higher is the quality of Institutions, the lower is the probability that a region will “fail” to grow.
İSRAİL DEVLETİNİN KURULUŞU VE TÜRK BASININA YANSIMALARI
Authors: Murat Turgay
Published: December 2019

Avrupa’da Yahudi aleyhtarlığı ve Yahudi
milliyetçiliğinin etkisiyle başlayan, Filistin’de bir Yahudi Devleti kurma
fikri, Siyonizm olarak ifade edilmiş ve Yahudiler bu amaçlarını gerçekleştirmek
için harekete geçmişlerdir. İlk olarak Osmanlı nezdinde girişimlerde bulunan
Yahudiler istedikleri sonucu alamayınca Birinci Dünya Savaşı sırasında 1917
yılında Balfour Deklerasyonu ile İngilizlerden Filistin’de yurt edinme sözü
almışlardır.  Yahudiler, Savaş’tan sonra
bölgenin İngiliz mandasına verilmesi ile Filistin’e yerleşme faaliyetlerini
yoğunlaştırmışlardır. Bu durum Araplar tarafından tepkiyle karşılanmış ve
çatışmalar başlamıştır. II. Dünya Savaşı’ndan sonra ise İngiltere’nin bölgedeki
manda idaresine son vermesiyle Yahudiler İsrail Devleti’ni kurduklarını ilan
etmişlerdir. Bölgedeki bu süreç tüm dünyada olduğu gibi Türk basını tarafından
da yakından takip edilmiştir. Biz bu çalışmamızda öncelikle Yahudilerin
Filistin’de devlet kurma sürecini inceleyerek, İsrail Devleti’nin kuruluşu,
Türk basınına yansıması ve bu süreçte Türkiye’nin olaylara bakış açısını
dönemin gazetelerinin önemli kalemlerinin yazılarıyla vermeye çalışacağız.
NERGİSÎ HAKKINDA BİR BİBLİYOGRAFYA DENEMESİ
Authors: Selçuk Bahir
Published: December 2019

XVII. yüzyıl Türk edebiyatının önemli isimlerinden biri olan Mehmed
Nergisî, Saraybosna’da doğmuştur. Aile unvanından dolayı Nergisî, Nergisîzâde,
Nergiszâde isimlerini kullanmış, Nergisî ismiyle meşhur olmuştur. Saraybosna’da
eğitimini tamamlayan Nergisî, İstanbul’a gelip Kafzâde Feyzullah Efendi’ye
intisap etmiştir. Kadılık ve müderrislik görevlerinde bulunmuştur. Daha çok
münşi olarak tanınan ve edebiyatımızdaki tek mensur hamse sahibi olan Nergisî, aynı
zamanda iyi bir şair ve önemli bir hattattır. Bazı kaynaklarda, onun divan
sahibi olduğu ifade edilmektedir. Nergisî’nin mensur eserlerinde kendisine ait
Türkçe, Farsça ve Arapça şiirleri bulunmaktadır. Bunun yanında şiir
mecmualarında da Nergisî adına kayıtlı şiirler mevcuttur.

Nergisî
ve eserleri hakkında özellikle son dönemlerde araştırmaların artmış olduğu
görülmektedir. Fakat Nergisî gibi güçlü ve çok yönlü bir sanatkâr hakkında yapılan
çalışmaların henüz istenen seviyede olduğunu söylemek zordur. Bu çalışmada
Nergisî’nin eserleri ile ilgili nüshalar ve eserleri hakkında yapılan
çalışmalar bir araya getirilerek tasnif edilerek ilim âlemine sunulmuştur.
Böylece Nergisî üzerine araştırma yapacaklara yol gösterme, çalışmaların hangi
aşamada olduğuna dikkat çekme ve neler yapılabileceğine dair bir fikir verme
amaçlanmıştır.
II. KILIÇ ARSLAN DÖNEMİ SELÇUKLU-BİZANS İLİŞKİLERİ (MİRYOKEFALON SAVAŞI’NA KADAR)
Authors: İnce Fatma
Published: December 2019

Kılıç
Arslan iç ve dış bütün politikalarını Anadolu’nun Türkleşmesi üzerine
kurmuştur. Bunun için de iç ve dış politikasını uygularken siyasi atmosferi
analiz etmiş ve buna uygun kararlar almıştır. Şayet devletin geleceğini
tehlikeye düşürebilecek şartlarla karşı karşıya kalmışsa daha yumuşak daha
esnek bir politika ile içinde bulunduğu olumsuz durumdan kurtulmaya çalışmış,
rahatladıktan sonra da gerçek niyetleri doğrultusunda faaliyetlerine devam
ettirmiştir. Kılıç Arslan’ı içeride uğraştıran en önemli meseleler; kardeşleri
Devlet ve Şahinşah’ın isyanları, Danişmendliler’in Selçuklular’a karşı
uygulamış olduğu olumsuz politikalar ve Nureddin Mahmud b. Zengi’nin de
Danişmendliler ile işbirliği yapmasıdır. Dolayısıyla II. Kılıç Arslan tahta
geçtiğinde aslında devlet Bizans’a karşı da zor durumda olmasına rağmen
öncelikle iç huzuru sağlama çabaları ile uğraşmıştır. Bunun için de bizzat
kendisi İstanbul’a giderek Danişmendliler ile de ittifak içerisinde olan Bizans
Devleti ile bir anlaşma yapmıştır. Bu anlaşma sonrasında önce kardeşi
Şahinşah’ı ortadan kaldırmış, arkasından da Danişmendliler’i kontrol altına
alarak Nureddin Mahmud b. Zengi ile de bir anlaşma yapmıştır. İç huzuru
sağladıktan sonra asıl hedefi Bizans’a dönen II. Kılıç Arslan, Miryokefalon
Zaferi ile Bizans’ın Anadolu’yu yeniden ele geçirme hayallerini sona
erdirmiştir. Bu çalışmada II. Kılıç Arslan’ın Miryokefalon Savaşına kadar Bizans’a
karşı uygulamış olduğu dış politika izah edilmeye çalışılacaktır.
ONTOLOGY DRIVEN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING: MODELS, METHODS, IMPLEMENTATIONS
Authors:   Dorodnicyn Computing Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Khoroshevsky V.F.
Published: December 2019

Ontology-driven software engineering is the scope of the paper. A retrospective analysis of the approaches, models and methods is carried out. In the first section, a brief overview of "classical" technologies, approaches and methods for software engineering is presented. It is shown that the emphasis of research and development is currently shifting from the field of technologies of programming towards the modeling of the software design processes, as well as towards the specifications and testing of the developed systems. It is outlined that the general trend in the domain is the use of methods and tools of ontology modeling of both the design processes per se and the specifications of the developed systems. The second section is devoted to a review of publications in the field of ontology-based software engineering. Such paradigms for modeling software development processes as Software Product Lines, plug-and-play software development - Component-Based Development, model-driven software engineering - Model-Driven Engineering, etc. are discussed. It is shown that "programming through generation", i.e. Generative Programming, is a general approach supporting the considered paradigms. It is shown that R&D in the domain of the semantic models of software engineering is currently focused on a new approach - Ontology-Based (-Driven) Software Engineering. Within the framework of this area, ontology engineering tools are developed along with modeling the software development processes. The scientific and technical perspectives of ontology driven software engineering are specified and discussed in the final part of the paper. In particular, it is outlined that the theoretical foundations of ontology-based modeling of software design processes form the solid basis for shifting the focus from the models of compiling the modules to their pattern-based generation from internal specifications. It is noted that the next trend in the field of OBSE-ODSE will be the usage of machine learning methods and tools to generate ontological models of software design.
LOGIC WITH VECTOR SEMANTIC AS A MEANS OF KNOWLEDGE BASES VERIFICATION
Authors:   Irkutsk State Transport University, Irkutsk, Russia, Arshinskiy L.V. , Ermakov A.A. ,   Irkutsk State Transport University, Irkutsk, Russia, Nitezhuk M.S. ,   Irkutsk State Transport University, Irkutsk, Russia
Published: December 2019

The paper discusses the general issues of automated search of artifacts in rule-based knowledge bases (KB) based on logic with vector semantics in the VTF-logic variant. Cases of falsity of antecedent of rules at all admissible values of truth of input premises, existence of terms which are not used anywhere and generation of uncertain values of truth, emergence of contradictions are considered. Automation is considered as the organization of the direct attached logical inference opening artifacts of KB. The first two cases are identified by counting the number of each rule triggering and identifying terms that are not tied to the rules. The contradiction is revealed by the verification of the truth of the conclusions-hypotheses. The presence of a conclusion with truth (1; 1) (complete contradiction) signals a contradiction at one of the stages of reasoning, which is set by the back trace of the logical chain. A necessary stage of inference is to combine the evidence using 11-composition (the second form of disjunction). The paper also presents the principle of calculating the truth of the conclusion based on the truth of the premises, the strategy of combining evidence, numerical measures that can be used in the conclusion.
Modification of non-protein thiols contents in transgenic tobacco plants producing bacterial enzymes of cysteine biosynthesis pathway.
Authors: Liszewska F , Blaszczyk A , Sirko A
Published: December 2019

Conditions of achieving the maximal accumulation of sulfhydryl metabolites in the leaves of tobacco were explored. Simultaneous production of bacterial O-acetylserine (thiol)-lyase and serine acetyltransferase resulted in the increased thiols contents as compared to single transformants and controls. However, leaf discs feeding experiments differently affected thiols concentration in different plant groups and suggested that the most promising strategy to obtain plants with a high level of non-protein thiol-containing compounds might be sulfate feeding to plants overproducing serine acetyltransferase.
Electroporated intact BY-2 tobacco culture cells as a model of transient expression study.
Authors: Kościańska E , Wypijewski K
Published: December 2019

Transfer of foreign genes into plant cells can be accomplished by several methods: agrobacterium-mediated, microinjection, biolistic particle bombardment and electroporation. The last one is frequently used for transfection of plant protoplasts for transient gene expression. Electroporation is a simple procedure and allows transfecting a large number of cells at one time. Square wave-modulated porators are the most efficient for introducing expression cassettes into plant protoplasts. Based on a protocol developed by Wu & Feng (Plant Cell Reports, 1999, 18, 381-386), we optimized conditions for transfection of intact Nicotiana tabacum BY-2 cells using square wave-modulated electroporator. To simplify screening for transfected gene expression we used constructs with a GFP marker gene.
Cloning and characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana AtNAP57--a homologue of yeast pseudouridine synthase Cbf5p.
Authors: Maceluch J , Kmieciak M , Szweykowska-Kulińska Z , Jarmołowski A
Published: December 2019

Rat Nap57 and its yeast homologue Cbf5p are pseudouridine synthases involved in rRNA biogenesis, localized in the nucleolus. These proteins, together with H/ACA class of snoRNAs compose snoRNP particles, in which snoRNA guides the synthase to direct site-specific pseudouridylation of rRNA. In this paper we present an Arabidopsis thaliana protein that is highly homologous to Cbf5p (72% identity and 85% homology) and NAP57 (67% identity and 81% homology). Moreover, the plant protein has conserved structural motifs that are characteristic features of pseudouridine synthases of the TruB class. We have named the cloned and characterized protein AtNAP57 (Arabidopsis thaliana homologue of NAP57). AtNAP57 is a 565 amino-acid protein and its calculated molecular mass is 63 kDa. The protein is encoded by a single copy gene located on chromosome 3 of the A. thaliana genome. Interestingly, the AtNAP57 gene does not contain any introns. Mutations in the human DKC1 gene encoding dyskerin (human homologue of yeast Cbf5p and rat NAP57) cause dyskeratosis congenita a rare inherited bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by abnormal skin pigmentation, nail dystrophy and mucosal leukoplakia.
Differences in editing of mitochondrial nad3 transcripts from CMS and fertile carrots.
Authors: Rurek M , Szklarczyk M , Adamczyk N , Michalik B , Augustyniak H
Published: December 2019

A high level of the nucleotide sequence conservation was found for mitochondrial nad3 gene of carrot. Three silent nucleotide substitutions differentiate nad3 open reading frames from cytoplasmic male sterile and male fertile carrots. All these differences are preserved on the RNA level. Partial and silent editing also distinguished both carrots. Three of the C to U conversions were specific to the fertile line. In the two examined carrot lines editing did not affect the mode of alteration of encoded amino acids.
Inhibition of the helicase activity of HCV NTPase/helicase by 1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide-5 '-triphosphate (ribavirin-TP).
Authors: Borowski P , Lang M , Niebuhr A , Haag A , Schmitz H , Schulze zur Wiesch J , Choe J , Siwecka M A , Kulikowski T
Published: December 2019

In the presented study the ribavirin-TP--an established inhibitor of the NTPase activity of the superfamily NTPase/helicases II--was investigated as an inhibitor of the unwinding activity of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) NTPase/helicase. The kinetics of the reaction revealed that ribavirin-TP reduces the turnover number of the helicase reaction by a mechanism that does not correspond to that of the inhibition of the NTPase activity. Our results suggest that derivatives of ribavirin-TP with enhanced stability towards hydrolytic attack may be effective inhibitors of the enzyme.
Effect of tartaric acid on conformation and stability of human prostatic phosphatase: an infrared spectroscopic and calorimetric study.
Authors: Bem S , Ostrowski W S
Published: December 2019

The solution structure and thermal stability of human prostatic acid phosphatase (hPAP) in the absence and in the presence of tartaric acid were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The temperature dependence of the infrared spectrum and DSC scans indicate that hPAP undergoes thermal unfolding at a temperature between 49.5 and 52.5 degrees C. Binding of tartaric acid does not lead to major changes in the secondary structure of hPAP, however, hPAP with bound tartaric acid shows a significantly increased thermal stability. These results helped to better understand the mechanism of hPAP unfolding at the elevated temperature.
Lipids and signal transduction in the nucleus.
Authors: Dygas A , Barańska J
Published: December 2019

During the last few years a growing amount of data has accumulated showing phospholipid participation in nuclear signal transduction. Very recent data strongly support the hypothesis that signal transduction in the nucleus is autonomic. Local production of inositol polyphosphates, beginning with the activation of phospholipase C is required for their specific function in the nucleus. Enzymes which modify polyphosphoinositols may control gene expression. Much less information is available about the role of other lipids in nuclear signal transduction. The aim of this minireview is to stress what is currently known about nuclear lipids with respect to nuclear signal transduction.
Analysis of Nutmeg Market Structure in South Aceh District
Authors: Fahrizal Fahrizal , Mustafa Mustafa , Romano Romano
Published: December 2019

Market structure can affect performance and behavior in a market. This research aim to analyze the nutmeg market structure in South Aceh District. Indonesia. By looking at the level of competition, market concentration and barriers to market entry. The results of a qualitative study of nutmeg market structure are classified as oligopoly markets while quantitatively by looking at market share, market concentration and market entry barriers from the results obtained by the market are highly concentrated so it is very difficult to enter to the nutmeg market by new traders.
The Effect of Organizational Culture on Organizational Commitment for Participants in Leadership Education and Training Level IV of the Ministry of Finance
Authors: Suradi Suradi
Published: December 2019

Organizational culture can be the main competitive advantage instrument and employee commitment since they tend to be affected by organizational culture aspects at work. This research discusses the effect of organizational culture on employee organizational commitment. The research objective is to analyze how the effect of organizational culture on organizational commitment through three dimensions consisting of affective commitment, continuance commitment and normative commitment. The research sample involved 130 people from echelon IV officials who were attending the Leadership Education and Training Level IV of the Ministry of Finance using a saturated sampling technique in which all members of the population became research samples. This research employed causality model or relationship or effect. To test the proposed hypothesis, it utilized SEM (Structural Equation Models) analysis techniques. Based on statistical results, organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment. This is evidenced from the results of the p (probability) value of 0.07 > 0.05 and an estimated value of 0.75 which shows a positive result. It means that if the culture of the organization increases, it will affect the increase in organizational commitment.
FORMATION OF APPROACHES TO INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Anatolyevna Ganyushina Margarita , Nikolaevna Kurbakova Svetlana , Grigorievna Galizina Elena , Valerievna Lopatinskaya Victoria , Yevgenievna Ryazanova Natalya
Published: December 2019

Purpose of the study: The paper is devoted to the formation of approaches to international cooperation in the field of higher education.

Main Findings: It has been established that in the future, there is a need for broad initiatives from all countries for the qualitative improvement of higher education. It has been determined that the most important basis for the future prosperity of the world economy and society is a strong and diverse training of young people.

Applications of this study: From the point of view of further development of new educational information means, the importance of non-formal education integrated into the educational process will grow.

The originality of this study: It has been proved that self-education will play an increasing role. In the field of higher education, the cooperation between different partners and a wide range of different educational opportunities will be developed in order to give everyone the opportunity to improve their knowledge, both in the personal and professional sphere.
CLUB COMMUNICATION AS THE BASIS FOR SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ACTIVITIES
Authors: Ivanovna Grigorieva Elena , Ivanovna Gribkova Galina , Shavkatovna Umerkaeva Sofiya , Igorevna Kiseleva Olga , Lvovna Kosiborod Olga
Published: December 2019

Purpose of the Study: The article considers the phenomenon of club communication and possibilities of realizing its pedagogical potential by means of social and cultural activities.

Methodology: The differentiated analysis of various directions of club communication in the aspect of improving the performance of cultural and art institutions has been carried out. Club communication in this regard is considered as an alternative to the dominance of formalized and regulated communications, blocking the development of an individual as a creative subject.

Main Findings: The main characteristics of the organization of club communication processes for solving various psychological problems are identified. Various types of club communication are offered that form the basis of socio-cultural activities.

Originality: The problem areas for further improvement of socio-cultural activities using the pedagogical content of created situations of interpersonal communication are identified.
COMMUNICATIVE DISCOURSE OF TERMINOLOGY USED IN GASTRONOMICAL MEDIA CULTURE
Authors: Petrovich Sedykh Arkadiy , Sergeevich Lukin Stanislav , Savova Georgieva Elena , Valerievna Puiu Iuliia , Borisovich Nikonov Sergey
Published: December 2019

Purpose of the Study: This article aims to analyze and describe the food discourse and terms of the French language, as well as to determine correlations with the French national and cultural worldview. The study also considers the current state of "gastronomical discourse" based on the French food semiotic and communicative model.

Methodology: The authors of the article used the method of linguistic and semiotic modeling and heuristic interpretation developed by A.P. Sedykh. The authors also utilized tools of corpus linguistics and computer lexicography (National Corpus of the Russian language; a parallel corpus of the French language, n.d.), methods of a sociolinguistic survey and linguistic review. 

Main Findings: The authors of the article considered and presented the linguistic and culturological features of the French food terms. They determined certain correlations between the national conceptual sphere and the art of cooking. The authors revealed certain similarities between the French ethnos and the culture of food consumption. It is shown that the French communication, modal constructions and nomination methods have ethnocultural features reflecting autochthonous preferences in terms of logic, semantics and strategies for achieving the goals of gastronomical communication.

Applications of this study: The application of research results. The study results can be useful for teaching French and intercultural communication in secondary schools and institutions of higher education, as well as for preparing university lectures and seminars on stylistics, lexicology and theoretical problems of studying a linguistic identity.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The scientific novelty of the study lies in innovative elements of the linguistic and semiotic approach to gluttony and prescription nominations in their correlation with the mental characteristics of the French linguacultural.
DENSIDADE DE PLANTAS E ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA EM COBERTURA NO DESENVOLVIMENTO E DESEMPENHO PRODUTIVO DO MILHO
Authors: ZUCARELI CLAUDEMIR , PIAZZOLI DENIS , LIMA DA COSTA SAPUCAY MORYB JORGE , PRANDO ANDRÉ MATEUS , DE OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR JOÃO ALBERTO
Published: December 2019

Alterações no arranjo de plantas na cultura do milho permitem maiores populações e exigem adequações nas doses de nitrogênio fornecidas. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de doses de nitrogênio em cobertura no desenvolvimento e desempenho produtivo do milho de segunda safra em diferentes densidades de plantas. O experimento foi conduzido em duas safras com o híbrido AG9010 YG, em blocos casualizados e parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. Nas parcelas, alocaram-se as populações de plantas (40, 60, 80 e 100 mil plantas ha-1) em espaçamento de 0,45 m entre linhas e, nas subparcelas, as doses de nitrogênio (ureia 45%) em cobertura (0, 50, 100, 150 kg ha-1). Foram avaliados o diâmetro de colmo, a altura de inserção de espiga e de plantas, a massa da folha seca, o teor de nitrogênio na folha e nos grãos e a produtividade de grãos. A produtividade de grãos é influenciada pela interação entre população de plantas e doses de N em cobertura. A população de 80.000 plantas ha-1 aliada à aplicação de 120 kg ha-1 de nitrogênio cobertura proporciona maior rendimento.
TRATAMENTO INDUSTRIAL E PRÉ-INOCULAÇÃO DO MILHO COM Azospirillum spp.: POTENCIAL FISIOLÓGICO DAS SEMENTES E PRODUTIVIDADE
Authors: PEREIRA LUCAS CAIUBI , CORREIA LARISSA VINIS , BRACCINI ALESSANDRO LUCCA , FELBER PEDRO HENRIQUE , MATERA THAISA CAVALIERI , PEREIRA RENATA CRISTIANE , SUZUKAWA ANDREIA KAZUMI
Published: December 2019

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o rendimento da cultura e o potencial fisiológico de sementes de milho em resposta a pré-inoculação com Azospirillum brasilense. Quatro doses de inoculante foram aplicadas via tratamento industrial de sementes, 30 dias antes da semeadura. Outros três tratamentos compuseram o ensaio: um contendo metade da recomendação de nitrogênio mineral, o segundo com metade da dose + inoculação momentos antes da semeadura, e um terceiro com a dose total de nitrogênio mineral. Na avaliação da qualidade fisiológica empregaram-se os testes de primeira contagem, germinação, frio modificado, emergência em areia, índice de velocidade de emergência e condutividade elétrica, ao passo que em campo foram avaliados o diâmetro do colmo, massa seca da parte aérea, número de grãos por fileira, número de fileiras por espiga, massa de mil grãos e produtividade. Os delineamentos empregados foram de inteiramente casualizado para qualidade fisiológica e em blocos completos com tratamentos casualizados para ensaio de campo. Independentemente da dose, o inoculante não prejudicou a germinação e vigor das sementes de milho ao longo do armazenamento. Já em relação à produtividade, a inoculação efetuada momentos antes da semeadura assegurou desempenho superior àqueles obtidos quando o inoculante foi aplicado às sementes juntamente com os defensivos.
Revisiting Americanus Novus: Anglicization Crisis and Salem Witch Trials in Seventeenth Century New England
Authors: DENİZARSLANI Yonca
Published: December 2019

In the quadricentennial of the founding of Plymouth Plantation, recent challenges in the United States politics and society raise critical questions on American identity and American democracy. Thus, calling for a revisit on the seventeenth century northeastern American experience of English colonizers, contemporary academia is engaged in new approaches and perspectives on American history and historicism, whereby a peculiar sense of past and act of remembrance count for present day cultural and political dilemmas across the United States. The legacy of early founders and pioneers of New England colonies provides a host of historicism on Anglo-American identity, which was elaborately imprinted in colonial accounts on material culture, legal, military, political and religious practices in the nexus of intra- and extra-imperial encounters of metropole and the colony itself. This article aims to examine the theological and political grounds for 1692-93 Salem witch trial accounts by Cotton Mather in his The Wonders of the Invisible World: Being An Account of the Tryals of Several Witches Lately Executed In New England (1692) as a reflection of post-1691 Anglicization crisis in New England.
Utilização de argila residual recuperada como meio adsorvente de óleo de fritura para produção de biodiesel
Authors: Bonfim de Souza Beatriz Fernanda , Rocha Baqueta Michel , Circunvis Bruno Cesar , Março Paulo Henrique , Coelho Tanamati Ailey Aparecida
Published: December 2019

Para que os óleos atinjam qualidade sensorial desejada, eles passam por etapas de refino. A clarificação é uma dessas etapas, em que são usadas argilas clarificantes as quais aderem pigmentos indesejados naturais do óleo, tornando-o visualmente mais atraente para os consumidores. O problema está no descarte incorreto destinado a essas argilas, que são dispostas em aterros sanitários causando danos ao meio ambiente. Da mesma forma, óleos residuais de fritura trazem problemas quando descartados em pias e ralos, comprometendo os lençóis freáticos. Assim, uma solução para esse inconveniente seria a produção de biodiesel, já que este é produzido mediante óleos e gorduras, mesmo em estado de deterioração desde que atingidos os padrões físico-químicos de qualidade. Os objetivos do trabalho foram ativar termicamente a argila residual, purificar o óleo residual nessa argila recuperada e produzir via transesterificação ácida o biodiesel do óleo residual e do óleo purificado. Todas as análises físico-químicas foram realizadas de acordo com metodologias oficiais, e os espectros obtidos por meio do infravermelho próximo (NIR) foram tratados mediante Análise dos Componentes Principais (PCA). Foram realizadas análises físico-químicas após a ativação térmica da argila, obtendo-se resultados de umidade de 1,07%, acidez de 0,16 g ácido oleico.100g-1 e peróxidos 19,01 meq.kg-1. Para os insolúveis em éter não foram obtidos valores significativos, além de, por meio da técnica de NIR, ficar nítida a diferença existente entre a argila residual recuperada e a argila virgem. De posse dos resultados, os valores de acidez no óleo purificado e no óleo residual se mantiveram dentro dos padrões estipulados pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa), porém o índice de peróxidos ficou acima dos valores recomendados, evidenciando que o óleo se encontrava em processo de deterioração. Conclui-se que ativar termicamente a argila proveniente do processo industrial com o óleo residual é uma boa alternativa para a sua reutilização, pois contribui para que esse material não seja perdido e possivelmente descartado de forma incorreta, e, ainda, traz vantagens com relação à produção de biocombustível por meio de transesterificação ácida.