bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Production and Identification of Polypeptide from Silks by Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Jin Tian , Wei Tao , Zhang Zitong , Lei Zehao , Sun Liquan
Published: January 2022

There are two kinds of proteins in silk, sericin and silk fibroin. Polypeptide compounds from silk sericin and silk fibroin were prepared by hydrothermal method. The process of silk dissolution was investigated under different solid-liquid ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time. By controlling the operating parameters of hydrothermal method, the temperature, material ratio and time were further optimized, and the best experimental results were obtained, the expected decomposition of silks occurred when the ratio of silks to waters was selected as 1 to 10, at 140 degree in 30 min. The molecular weight of polypeptide was detected by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and analysed by MALDI-TOF-MS. The results showed that the molecular weight of the polypeptide obtained from silks was about 6000-8000Da. After literature research, the polypeptide with such molecular weight could have better performance for some functional additives.
Preparation and Properties of Decellularized Sheep Kidney Derived Matrix Scaffolds
Authors: Zheng Le , Zheng Shuangshuang , Chen Zilong , Li Xiangqin , Liu Chunyan , Bai Jie , Jiang Daqing , Nie Yi , Zhang Jingying , Liu Tianqing , Song Kedong
Published: January 2022

Scaffolds from tissues or organs have nanoscale microstructures. Derived matrix scaffolds prepared by decellularized method can provide more cell attachment sites, which is conducive to cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation and other physiological activities on scaffolds. In this study, the sheep kidney decellularized matrix scaffold was prepared by the method of decellularization. Due to the poor mechanical properties of the decellularized matrix, the cross linking method was adopted to enhance its mechanical properties. The decellularization efficiency of sheep renal matrix scaffolds was observed by scanning electron microscopy and histological staining, and the biocompatibility of the scaffolds was investigated by inoculating adipose derived stem cells. It was found that the scaffold had good decellularization effect and good pore structure.
Research Progress of Heat Resistant Magnesium Alloys
Authors: Wang Xiaomin , Su Yang , Guo Lili , Liu Yan , Li Honggang , Ren Hailin
Published: January 2022

Magnesium alloy has extremely excellent properties and is known as “21st Century Green Engineering Material”. This article mainly introduces the influence of the heat resistance and comprehensive performance of the three series of Mg-Al, Mg-Zn and Mg-RE heat-resistant magnesium alloys after adding rare earth elements, alkali metal elements and other elements. Three development directions of improving the heat resistance of magnesium alloys are prospected. These are: 1. Using cheap alloy elements (such as Ca, Si, etc.) to replace rare earth elements of the heat-resistant magnesium alloy, 2. Titanium element is added to improve heat-resistant magnesium alloy’s mechanical properties and its strength, 3. The new casting process and processing technology are used to improve the heat-resistant magnesium alloy’s properties. This article aims to provide technical reference for the development of my country’s magnesium alloy industry.
Comparative Study of the New Type Capping Layer for Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 Ferroelectric Film
Authors: Zhai Minglong , Liu Xueyuan , Chang Hudong , Liu Honggang , Sun Bing
Published: January 2022

The capping layers have great influences on the ferroelectricity of the Hf0.5Zr05O2 (HZO) film during annealing process. In this paper we compared the properties of the HZO film with two inorganic nonmetallic capping layers and no capping layer. The remnant (2Pr) of HZO films are 23.5 uC/cm2, 27.3 uC/cm2 and 20.3 uC/cm2 for no capping layer, Si3N4 capping layer and SiO2 capping layer, respectively. The capping layer can change the direction of the coercive filed shift even though the capacitors have the same metal electrodes.
A New Purification Process of Solanesol Based on Chemically Modified Diatomite
Authors: Liu Jing , Han Xiaobin , Peng Yulong , Wang Xiaoyan , Qiao Runmeng , Liu Jialei
Published: January 2022

Diatomite is a kind of natural material with adsorption capacity and it’s widely used in industry. The main purpose of this paper is to study the influence of hydrochloric acid concentration and modification time on the modification effect of diatomite. This article describes a modified method of diatomite, which can not only reduce the purification cost, but also improve the separation efficiency of solanesol. The results show that when the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 3mol/L and the treatment time is 50 minutes, the modification effect of diatomite is the best. The determination of the optimum technological conditions is conducive to the separation and purification of Solanesol by diatomite, and lays a foundation for the further development and utilization of diatomite.
Narrow Gap MAG Welding and Joint Performance Analysis of 25Cr2NiMo1V Thick Plate
Authors: Qian Xiaoyan , Ye Xin , Hou Xiaoqi , Wang Fuxin , Li Shaowei , Yu Zhishui , Huang Chen , Cui Jinpeng , Zhu Chunxiang
Published: January 2022

The narrow gap MAG welding system was used to successfully weld the 50mm thick butt joint of 25Cr2NiMo1V rotor steel. After 15-layer bead welding, heat treatment is performed on the welded joint. Compare the changes in the microstructure, tensile strength and impact energy of the welded joints and the heat-treated joints at 580°C (20h). The results show that after the heat treatment of the structure, the side lath ferrite in the coarse-grained region grows up, and the eutectoid ferrite grows up in the fine-grained region first. The strength of the welded joint is about 605MPa, and the fracture is characterized by ductile fracture. After heat treatment at 580°C (20h), the strength is about 543MPa, the fracture is characterized by ductile fracture, and there are also a large number of discontinuous small surface platforms, and the characteristic of brittle fracture appears slightly. The impact energy of the weld center of the welded joint is about 141J, the fusion line area is about 113J, and the toughness of the fusion line is slightly lower than that of the weld center. After heat treatment, the impact energy at the center of the weld is about 183J, the fusion line area is about 95J, the toughness of the weld center increases, and the toughness of the fusion line decreases.
Research on Residual Stress Distribution in Different Areas of Laser-MAG Arc Hybrid Welding by Numerical Simulation
Authors: Qian Xiaoyan , Ye Xin , Hou Xiaoqi , Jing Haohao , Zhang Peilei , Yu Zhishui , Wu Di , Fu Kuijun
Published: January 2022

In this research, through experiments and numerical simulations, the residual stress distribution of the top and bottom surfaces of the laser (TruDisk16002)-arc (MAG) hybrid welding seam and the weld cross-section are studied. The results show that when the arc power is 6.5KW and the laser power is 7.5KW, the weld is formed well. The residual stress on the bottom surface near the weld is higher than that on the top surface. The laser zone in the center of the weld has the largest residual stress, the arc zone is smaller, and the mixed zone is the smallest. The laser zone has the largest residual stress at the fusion line and the heat-affected zone, followed by the mixed zone, and the arc zone is the smallest. followed by the mixed zone, and the arc zone has the smallest.
Enhancement Thermoelectric Properties of Cux-doped Nanostructure Bi-Sb-Te Thermoelectric Materials by Spark Plasma Sintering
Authors: Chen Zhe , Zhang Wenhua , Hu Rui , He Xuelong , Xu Guodong , Huan Hebo , Hua Yao , Zou Pei , Zhang Junhong , Yu Xuefeng , Zhou Jing
Published: January 2022

Nanostructure Cux-doped Bi0.5Sb1.5-xTe3 thermoelectric materials was successfully prepared by Mechanical alloys and spark plasma sintering. In the reasearch, the crystallinity, particle size, and chemical composition were characterized by XRD, EDS, respectively. Thermoelectric properties with a maximum ZT value up to 1.17 has been obtained at 407 K in prepared Cu0.04-doped Bi0.5Sb1.496Te3 sample. The achieved higher ZT value is attributed that Cu as doping at the Sb sites introduced additional holes to enhance carrier mobility and Cu dopants interrupted the periodicity of lattice vibration to decrease lattice thermal conductivity. It is suggested that the as-prepared nanostructure Cux-doped Bi0.5Sb1.5-xTe3 thermoelectric materials has high potential for thermoelectric energy conversion application.
A Simple Route for the Preparation of Gold Nanofilms and Their Application in SERS Detection of Pyrene in Water
Authors: Zhang Huan , Wang Cuipin , Wang Shan , Wang Chunrong
Published: January 2022

Design and preparation of various rational gold nanostructures has been recognized as a promising solution for the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signal amplification. Here, a simple fabrication method was reported for the synthesis of highly sensitive gold nanofilms for SERS detection through covering ginger-liked gold nanoparticles on the stainless steel sheet. The prepared gold nanofilms were then tested by a dip-SPME-SERS method for detecting pyrene. The limit of detection for pyrene standard solution was 0.1ppb, while the limit of detection for pyrene in tap water and lake water without any pretreatment was 5 ppb, respectively. The whole analysis process takes less than 15 minutes. Our method may be a potential alternative way to the chromatography method. The fabricated gold nanfilms are expected to be used for the rapid and sensitive detection of other pollutants such as organic pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.
Optimization Design on a High-performance Magnetic Shielding Barrel for Atomic Magnetometer Measurement Application
Authors: Xie Xiaoxuan , Zhou Xiangyang
Published: January 2022

The ultra-high-precision measurement of the atomic magnetometer is largely restricted by the size of its working magnetic field. In order to reduce the residual magnetic field as much as possible, this article carried out the research on the methods to improve the shielding performance. Firstly, the axial shielding factor that limits the shielding performance of the magnetic shielding barrel was derived with various parameters including the radius, length, thickness, number of layers, distance between adjacent layers, etc. of the magnetic shielding barrel. Secondly, simulation was carried out to verify the correctness of the formula. Simulation shows that the shielding performance of the magnetic shielding barrel decreases with the size of magnetic shielding barrel increase. Besides, with the increase of the distance between two adjacent spacing layers, the shielding performance first increases rapidly and then gradually decreases, indicating that the optimal distance between adjacent layers is 9mm. Especially, the performance of the magnetic shielding barrel improves significantly as the layer thickness and number of layers increase. Experimental results show that the internal remanence of the three-layer magnetic shielding barrel is less than 1nT, and the available axial length of homogeneity range is greater than 200mm.
Application of Virtualization for Process Control Experiments
Authors: Zhou Haijun
Published: January 2022

The virtualization of the Festo process control teaching platform and the implementation process of extending it with real industry applications are introduced. Taking the heating process of the water tank as an example, the model extraction method of the real object is analyzed in detail, and the model identification problem of the low-order linear control object is solved. Through the introduction of the creation process of the object model on the virtual platform, a feasible way is pointed out for similar applications. On this basis, it is proposed to integrate the teaching platform with the specific industrial industry in the virtualized environment, broaden the breadth of process control teaching, and point out new ideas for building a teaching profession with industry support.
Numerical Simulation of Rod Jet Formed by Shaped Charge under Rigid Constraint
Authors: Chen Kai , Wang Shuyou , Wang Yawei , Shi Ze
Published: January 2022

In order to study the forming law of rod jet formed by shaped charge under rigid boundary constraint, ANSYS/LSDYNA finite element software is used to simulate the forming process of rod jet with ALE essential boundary, and the influence of structural parameters of shaped charge on rod jet forming is studied. The results show that compared with the free boundary constraint, the head velocity of rod jet increases by 63.5 % and the tail velocity increases by 59.3 % under the rigid boundary constraint. The head velocity and length-diameter ratio of rod jet decrease with the increase of the outside curvature radius of the liner, the thickness of the liner central position and the variable ratio of wall thickness. Furthermore, the tail velocity increases with the increase of the outside curvature radius of the liner, and decreases with the increase of the thickness of the liner central position and the variable ratio of wall thickness.
Extension of Common Information Model of Load Storage in Regional Energy System Based on IEC61970
Authors: Cong Lin , Zhou Xichao , Li Na , Zhu Haifeng , Fan Ying , Bu Lingxi
Published: January 2022

The need to reform the energy system is urgent. Choose new energy to supplement traditional energy according to local conditions, to build a comprehensive energy system will become more and more emerging development areas of the rigid demand. However, in the practical application of RIES, due to its high complexity and wide range of involvement, there are information islands between various equipment and systems, which cannot support its high efficiency and timeliness. Therefore, The common information model (CIM) modeling method can break the information interaction barriers between RIES.Taking a new area as an example, the CIM model expansion of photovoltaic generating electricity system, wind power system, EV charging equipment, substation class, thermoelectric conversion equipment and user load is established. The classes and class attributes required for the information interaction of RIES control center in the new area were designed, which laid the foundation for the interaction between different energy systems and the load and storage of the source network.
Equivalent Modeling of a Direct-Drive Wind Farm Based on the Measured Data
Authors: Li Wenfan , Chen Xuxuan , Li Man
Published: January 2022

In view of the difference between the wind speed and the actual wind speed in the example, the wind farm with fifteen direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motors draws the recorded wind speed data on the coordinates of time and wind speed by linear regression to group the change trend. Secondly, the detailed model of wind farm is built in PSCAD, and the multi-machine equivalent model of wind farm is built by the control current source replacing the permanent magnet synchronous motor and the control part. Finally, the simulation analysis shows that the equivalent model reduces the simulation time and accurately reflects the dynamic and transient properties of the wind farm.
Tobacco Waste Biomass for Electrochemical Energy Storage Application
Authors: Wang Jun , Jiang Bixia , Liu Lan , Cao Lin , Yuan Qinghua , Tian Junling , Huang Zhenrui , Zong Zhaohui , Zhang Peng , Lin Zhidan , Ma Zhuwen
Published: January 2022

A large amount of industrial and agricultural wastes are generated in the tobacco industry, such as tobacco steams, tobacco stalks, and tobacco leaves. How to increase the economic added value of industrial and agricultural wastes is an important issue. It is a promising value-added way that these biological wastes are recycled into carbon materials with excellent electrochemical properties. Herein, biochar were prepared from tobacco waste biomass (mainly tobacco stems, tobacco stalks and tobacco leaves) through one-step carbonization. The as-obtained biochar exhibited high specific capacitance of 305.92 F·g−1 (tobacco stems), 328.07 F·g−1 (tobacco stalks), and 272.48 F·g−1 (tobacco leaves) at 1 A·g−1, when tested in a three-electrode system with 6 M KOH electrolyte. This study highlights the possibility of reusing tobacco waste to produce low-cost, green and high-performance carbon-based electrode materials for sustainable electrochemical energy storage systems.
Improved Design of Lifting Slide Rail System of Stone Processing Machine
Authors: Zhang Jing , Yang Kaihuai , Lin Shengfeng , Lin Yanqing , Chen Taili , Cheng Yan , Gao Hua , Hu Xingye
Published: January 2022

In this research, improved design for the lifting slide rail system on stone processing machine has innovated in a few aspects, including the innovative design of the lifting rail, fixture to fix and connect with the hydraulic tappet, and the sliding block equipped with limit device etc. The improved design has been successfully applied to the stone processing machine to crush and process block and stone flake processing waste of different shapes, it turned out that the needle flake particle content and crushing index of the processed stone are in line with the national standard requirements, i.e. crushing index of 7.2%, reaching the technical requirements of Class I crushed stone. In another words, the improved design has significantly improved the processing efficiency and safety and reduced costs effectively; meanwhile, its handy operation and utilization has made it ready to promote in a wider range.
Development of Mechanical Design, Manufacturing and Automation
Authors: Jiang Haixiang , Tang Yanhua
Published: January 2022

The technical level and scale of machinery manufacturing industry are one of the most important factors to measure a country’s industrialization degree and comprehensive strength of national economy. In present, the rapid development of China has also undergone leapfrog changes in the development of machinery manufacturing and automation, however, the development trend of mechanical manufacturing and its automation has gradually developed from the previous manual work to the direction of network virtualization, machine miniaturization and industrial intelligence.
Design of Colleges and Universities Mechanical Simulation System Based on Computer VR
Authors: Zheng Lin
Published: January 2022

With the rapid development of network technology, the traditional teaching methods can not adapt to the teaching objectives of colleges. VR has become a basic teaching tool in Colleges, which can help teachers complete teaching. At the same time, VR can improve students’ interest in learning, which can help students explore more subject knowledge. Mechanical specialty is an important subject, which requires simulation and other learning. At present, there are many kinds of software in the world, which can carry out mechanical simulation, such as SolidWorks, 3DMAX, flash and so on. Through the relevant software, colleges can design the mechanical simulation system, which can help to set up the whole process resource library in a certain field. Through the resource library, colleges can help to complete the three-dimensional entity display of equipment, which can be displayed in an all-round way. Through VR, we can help students understand the real work scene, which can help improve the students’ mechanical design ability. At the same time, through computer VR, colleges can help students learn more about the working scene of mechanical design. Firstly, this paper analyzes the importance of mechanical simulation system design. Then, this paper designs the related system content. Finally, some suggestions are put forward.
Development and Application of Internal Circulating Water-cooled Electromagnetic Separator
Authors: Lu Juan , Yan Xiaolei , Du Bin , Lu Jing
Published: January 2022

For dusty and explosive use environment, especially in coal mines, mostly self-cooled and water-cooled electromagnetic iron separators are used. This article introduces the application of water cooling internal circulation technology to electromagnetic separator equipment for the first time, the advantages and disadvantages of the three cooling methods as well as the development process and application prospects of the internal circulating water-cooled electromagnetic separator are introduced and analyzed respectively.
Research on Modeling of Cutting Parts Based on Solidworks
Authors: Huang Guiyun , Li Yong , Cui Jian
Published: January 2022

The article elaborates the significance of the cutting feature in different ways, the shape structure and modeling approach of cutting feature are analyzed through examples. The modeling method is summarized: 1) According to the projection relation, the wire frame is separated. According to the projection of view, the positional relation of each plane is analysed, the corresponding plane of the wireframe is determined the shape of the cut is clarified. This is the key to deciding whether the modeling can be completed successfully. 2) By imagining the shape, the position and order are determined. By line-plane analysis and dimensioning, the cutting position and order of the surface are determined, and the shape and structure after cutting are clarified. This is an important basis for rapid modelling. 3)Thinking overall. Repeatedly compare the shape with the views, and comprehensively check to ensure that the feature position of the shape is clear, the shape is accurate, and the structure is complete.
Characteristic Analysis of Water Lubricated Plain Journal Bearing under Transient Load
Authors: Chen Pingwei , Wang Tong , Ma Wensheng , Li Fangzhong , Wang Tianzhou , Chen Tao
Published: January 2022

Transient load has a huge impact on the life and stability of water-lubricated bearings. In this paper work, CFD software is used to analyse the dynamic characteristic of water lubricated bearings under different transient loads of 500N, 1000N, 2000N and 3000N. The water film pressure contour distribution at different transient time was given. The time-varying relationships between the different transient loads with bearing forces, the journal displacement, the maximum value of water film pressure as well as the minimum value of water film thickness are obtained. The results show that with the increase of transient load, the effective bearing area of dynamic water pressure film decreases, and the maximum pressure increases. The bearing forces, the journal displacement, the maximum value of water film pressure as well as the minimum value of water film thickness will increase fast.
Study on Axial Clearance Size and Leakage of Canned Motor Pump under Axial Force Self-Balance State
Authors: Jin Faye , Tao Ran , Xiao Ruofu
Published: January 2022

Canned motor pump is widely used in chemical industry. Due to the particularity of its application, it is necessary to ensure that the medium does not leak completely. If the axial force of impeller is too large, it will directly affect the performance of canned motor pump. Therefore, the floating impeller could be used in the pump to balance the axial force. In this paper, the relationship between axial clearance and leakage rate at the key part of canned motor pump is studied by means of numerical calculation and experimental verification. It is found that the fitting curve is highly consistent with the calculated value, which provided a good theoretical basis for further study of axial clearance control axial force and experimental axial force self-balance. In addition, the leakage rate increases with the increase of axial clearance. The static pressure in the axial clearance first increases and then decreases with the decrease of radius, and the maximum static pressure value is about 10.5% ∼ 15.8% near the clearance inlet. This study is of great significance to the theoretical research on the self-balance state of axial force of impeller.
Thermodynamics performance optimization of a hybrid solar gas turbine power plant in Colombia
Authors: Moreno-Gamboa F , Acevedo-Paez J C , Sanin-Villa D
Published: January 2022

A thermodynamic model is presented for evaluation of a solar hybrid gas-turbine power plant. The model uses variable ambient temperature and estimates direct solar radiation at different day times. The plant is evaluated in Barranquilla, Colombia, with a solar concentration system and a combustion chamber that burns natural gas. The hybrid system enables to maintain almost constant the power output throughout day. The model allows optimizing the different plant parameters and evaluating maximum performance point. This work presents pressure ratio ranges where the maximum values of overall efficiency, power output, thermal engine efficiency and fuel conversion rate are found. The study is based on the environmental conditions of Barranquilla, Colombia. The results obtained shows that optimum pressure ratio range for power output and overall efficiency is between 6.4 and 8.3, when direct solar radiation its maximum at noon. This thermodynamic analysis is necessary to design new generations of solar thermal power plants.
Problem solving in the physics classroom. An analysis with secondary school students
Authors: Hernández-Suarez C A , Paz-Montes L S , Avendaño Castro W R
Published: January 2022

The teaching of science, and specifically physics, has been associated with the acquisition of knowledge with a particular emphasis on problem solving, as an activity that brings students closer to the methodology and meaningful learning of science. However, problem solving is perhaps one of the sources of failure in physics teaching, which requires a careful analysis of this didactic activity. Therefore, the aim of this work is to analyze the development of students’ problem-solving skills in a physics course. An analysis is presented using the quasi-experimental method through the application of a pre-test – post-test, for which a methodological intervention was used based on the problem-solving competence, which focused on identifying errors and difficulties by the students themselves and thus favoring the learning and development of this competence, which allowed the academic progress of the students to be analyzed. It is concluded that the intervention supported by problem solving improves students’ performance, in addition to the positive assessment they make of the process, as well as its influence on the change in pedagogical practice.
Multi bin energy-sensitive micro-CT using large area photon-counting detectors Timepix
Authors: Dudak J. , Zemlicka J.
Published: January 2022

X-ray micro-CT has become a popular and widely used tool for the purposes of scientific research. Although the current state-of-the-art micro-CT is on a high technology level, it still has some known limitations. One of the relevant issues is an inability to clearly identify and quantify specific materials. The mentioned drawback can be solved by the energy-sensitive CT approach. Dual-energy CT, which is already frequently used in human medicine, offers the identification of two different materials; for example, it differentiates an intravenous contrast agent from bone or it can indicate the composition of urinary stones. Resolving a larger number of material components within a single object is beyond the capabilities of dual-energy CT. Such an approach requires a higher number of measurements using different photon energies. A possible solution for multi bin, or so-called spectral CT, is the application of photon-counting detectors. Photon counting technology offers an integrated circuitry capable of resolving the energy of incoming photons in each pixel. Therefore, it is possible to collect data in user-defined energy windows. This contribution evaluates the applicability of the large-area photon-counting detector Timepix for multi bin energy-sensitive micro-CT. It presents an experimental phantom study focused on the simultaneous K-edge-based identification and quantification of multiple contrast agents within a single object. The paper describes the collection of multiple energy bins using the Timepix detector operated in the photon counting mode, explains the data processing, and demonstrates the results obtained from an in-house implemented basis material decomposition algorithm.
Progress in HXR diagnostics at GOLEM and COMPASS tokamaks
Authors: Cerovsky J. , Ficker O. , Svoboda V. , Macusova E. , Mlynar J. , Caloud J. , Weinzettl V. , Hron M.
Published: January 2022

Scintillation detectors are widely used for hard X-ray spectroscopy and allow us to investigate the dynamics of runaway electrons in tokamaks. This diagnostic tool proved to be able to provide information about the energy or the number of runaway electrons. Presently it has been used for runaway studies at the GOLEM and the COMPASS tokamaks. The set of scintillation detectors used at both tokamaks was significantly extended and improved. Besides NaI(Tl) (2 × 2 inch) scintillation detectors, YAP(Ce) and CeBr3 were employed. The data acquisition system was accordingly improved and the data from scintillation detectors is collected with appropriate sampling rate (≈300 MHz) and sufficient bandwidth (≈100 MHz) to allow a pulse analysis. Up to five detectors can currently simultaneously monitor hard X-ray radiation at the GOLEM. The same scintillation detectors were also installed during the runaway electron campaign at the COMPASS tokamak. The aim of this contribution is to report progress in diagnostics of HXR radiation induced by runaway electrons at the GOLEM and the COMPASS tokamaks. The data collected during the 12th runaway electron campaign (2020) at COMPASS shows that count rates during typical low-density runaway electron discharges are in a range of hundreds of kHz and detected photon energies go up to 10 MeV (measured outside the tokamak hall). Acquired data from experimental campaigns from both machines will be discussed.
Impact of X-ray induced radiation damage on FD-MAPS of the ARCADIA project
Authors: Neubüser C. , Corradino T. , Mattiazzo S. , Pancheri L.
Published: January 2022

Recent advancements in Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS) demonstrated the ability to operate in high radiation environments of up to multiple kGy’s, which increased their appeal as sensors for high-energy physics detectors. The most recent example in such application is the new ALICE inner tracking system, entirely instrumented with CMOS MAPS, that covers an area of about 10 m2. However, the full potential of such devices has not yet been fully exploited, especially in respect of the size of the active area, power consumption, and timing capabilities.

The ARCADIA project is developing Fully Depleted (FD) MAPS with an innovative sensor design, that uses a proprietary processing of the backside to improve the charge collection efficiency and timing over a wide range of operational and environmental conditions. The innovative sensor design targets very low power consumption, of the order of 20 mW cm−2 at 100 MHz cm−2 hit flux, to enable air-cooled operations of the sensors. Another key design parameter is the ability to further reduce the power regime of the sensor, down to 5 mW cm−2 or better, for low hit rates like e.g. expected in space experiments. In this contribution, we present a comparison between the detector characteristics predicted with Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) simulations and the ones measured experimentally. The comparison focuses on the current-voltage (IV) and capacitance-voltage (CV) characteristics, as well as noise estimated from in-pixel capacitances of passive/active pixel matrices. In view of the targeted applications of this technology, an emphasis is set on the modeling of X-ray induced radiation damage at the Si-SiO2 interface and the impact on the in-pixel sensor capacitance. The so-called new Perugia model has been used in the simulations to predict the sensor performance after total ionizing doses of up to 10 Mrad.
Pixel readout IC for CdTe detectors operating in single photon counting mode with interpixel communication
Authors: Grybos P. , Kleczek R. , Kmon P. , Krzyzanowska A. , Otfinowski P. , Szczygiel R. , Zoladz M.
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a readout integrated circuit (IC) of pixel architecture called MPIX (Multithreshold PIXels), designed for CdTe pixel detectors used in X-ray imaging applications. The MPIX IC area is 9.6 mm × 20.3 mm and it is designed in a CMOS 130 nm process. The IC core is a matrix of 96 × 192 square-shaped pixels of 100 µm pitch. Each pixel contains a fast analog front-end followed by four independently working discriminators and four 12-bit ripple counters. Such pixel architecture allows photon processing one by one and selecting the X-ray photons according to their energy (X-ray colour imaging). To fit the different range of applications the MPIX IC has 8 possible different gain settings, and it can process the X-ray photons of energy up to 154 keV. The MPIX chip is bump-bonded to the CdTe 1.5 mm thick pixel sensor with a pixel pitch of 100 µm. To deal with the charge sharing effect coming from a thick semiconductor pixel sensor, multithreshold pattern recognition algorithm is implemented in the readout IC. The implemented algorithm operates both in the analog domain (to recover the total charge spread between neighboring pixels, when a single X-ray photon hits the border of the pixel) and in the digital domain (to allocate a hit position to a single pixel).
The ABALONE photosensor
Authors: D’Andrea V. , Biondi R. , Ferrari C. , Ferella A.D. , Mahlstedt J. , Pieramico G.
Published: January 2022

The ABALONE is a new type of photosensor produced by PhotonLab, Inc. with cost effective mass production, robustness and high performance. This modern technology provides sensitivity to visible and UV light, exceptional radio-purity and excellent detection performance in terms of intrinsic gain, afterpulsing rate, timing resolution and single-photon sensitivity. For these reasons, the ABALONE can have many fields of application, including particle physics experiments, such as DARWIN, and medical imaging. This new hybrid photosensor, that works as light intensifier, is based on the acceleration in vacuum of photoelectrons generated in a traditional photosensor cathode and guided towards a window of scintillating material that can be read from the outside through a silicon photomultiplier. In this work we present the simulation of the ABALONE and the results from operation at room temperature. The goal of the characterization is the evaluation of the gain, the response in time and the single photoelectron spectrum as a function of the electric field and the photoelectron emission angle. Details of future tests will be also discussed.
Smart delivery of poly-peptide composite for effective cancer therapy
Authors: Yuan Xin , Qin Yingzhou , Tian Qingmei , Liu Cuijuan , Meng Xiangzhou , Qie Bo , Gao Fan , Huang Ying , Xu Guanghui , Yang Guang , Zhu Yimin
Published: January 2022

In the past decade, multifunctional peptides have attracted increasing attention in the biomedical field. Peptides possess many impressive advantages, such as high penetration ability, low cost, and etc. However, the short half-life and instability of peptides limit their application. In this study, a poly-peptide drug loading system (called HKMA composite) was designed based on the different functionalities of four peptides. The peptide compositions of HKMA composite from N-terminal to C-terminal were HCBP1, KLA, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)-cleavable peptide and albumin-binding domain. The targeting and lethality of HKMA to NSCLC cell line H460 sphere cells and the half-life of the system were measured in vivo. The results showed that the HKMA composite had a long half-life and specific killing effect on H460 sphere cells in vitro and in vivo. Our result proposed smart peptide drug loading system and provided a potential methodology for effective cancer treatment.
Recurrence relations for off-shell Bethe vectors in trigonometric integrable models
Authors: Liashyk A , Pakuliak S Z
Published: January 2022

The zero modes method is applied in order to get the action of the monodromy matrix entries on off-shell Bethe vectors in quantum integrable models associated with

U

q

(

g
l

N

)

-invariant R-matrices. The action formulas allow to get recurrence relations for off-shell Bethe vectors and for highest coefficients of the Bethe vectors scalar product.
Heterogeneous diffusion with stochastic resetting
Authors: Sandev Trifce , Domazetoski Viktor , Kocarev Ljupco , Metzler Ralf , Chechkin Aleksei
Published: January 2022

We study a heterogeneous diffusion process (HDP) with position-dependent diffusion coefficient and Poissonian stochastic resetting. We find exact results for the mean squared displacement and the probability density function. The nonequilibrium steady state reached in the long time limit is studied. We also analyse the transition to the non-equilibrium steady state by finding the large deviation function. We found that similarly to the case of the normal diffusion process where the diffusion length grows like t
1/2 while the length scale ξ(t) of the inner core region of the nonequilibrium steady state grows linearly with time t, in the HDP with diffusion length increasing like t

p/2 the length scale ξ(t) grows like t

p
. The obtained results are verified by numerical solutions of the corresponding Langevin equation.
Permeable Reactive Concrete Using Recycled Waste Materials for Nutrient Contamination Removal in Urban Surface Runoff
Authors: Cruz G. , Lingad M.
Published: January 2022

In recent years, stormwater control measures (SCMs) such as permeable concrete pavement have been experimentally investigated and used to manage hydrologic and water quality impacts of stormwater runoff. Research revealed the potential of permeable pavement in reducing and delaying peak flow rate, reducing runoff volume, and capturing heavy metals and other particulate-bound pollutants from stormwater runoff. However, few studies have evaluated the effects of permeable pavement on nutrients in stormwater runoff. This research aims to produce permeable reactive concrete (PRC) from waste fly ash, waste gypsum board and waste coco peat and to investigate its effectiveness in removing nutrient contamination present in stormwater or urban surface runoff. The raw materials underwent through granulation process to produce granulated filtering media (GFM). Cylindrical samples of PRC were then made and subjected to various physical and water quality tests. The use of GFM as partial coarse aggregates of PRC for urban surface runoff management and nutrient contamination removal has been tested and evaluated. After performing all the tests, the researchers concluded that GFM as partial coarse aggregates of PRC is effective due to the significant increase in infiltration rate of the entire sample compared to the traditional permeable concrete that has an average infiltration rate of 2-6 mm/s. The results in the water quality test revealed that PRC with GFM as partial coarse aggregates lessen the nitrate, phosphate, and ammonia that are present on urban surface runoff.
An AI-Based Query System for Historical Weather Radar Reflectivity Retrieval Using a Convolutional Auto-encoder
Authors: Fahn C S , Chiang C C , Hsieh P C , Lin C Y , Tsau S K
Published: January 2022

The weather patterns in Taiwan have been more changeable in recent years. Taking rainfall as an example, natural disasters that lead to major damage are often caused by heavy rainfall in a short period of time. Therefore, how to effectively predict changes in weather patterns has become an important issue for the development of disaster prevention technology. In this paper, an AI-based query system using a convolutional auto-encoder is developed for historical weather radar reflectivity retrieval that is expected to forecast heavy rainfall soon. When the weather radar receives a current radar reflectivity, meteorologists can employ the query system to quickly search for the historical radar reflectivity with the weather characteristics similar to the one to be queried. The experimental results reveal that under the given MSE threshold of 58,000, the average pass rate achieves 83.9% for the ranked top 10 similar results from 33,461 historical records via 4,319 query tests in total. Without considering the model loading time of 60 seconds, the execution time of each query requires 6 seconds for only listing query results or 8 seconds for including saving resulting maps in pseudo-colour.
Research on the Mechanism of Public Participation in the Planning and Design of Urban Park Playground
Authors: Yeh Wei-Chieh , Yu-Chien Chen , Lee Huang-Liang , Weng Cheng-Kai
Published: January 2022

Over the recent years, citizens in Taiwan have proposed increasingly stringent demands and standards for urban park playgrounds. Thus, this study aimed to explore and discuss mechanisms for public participation in its planning and design procedures. Furthermore, this study proposed suggestions on mechanisms for public participation in the planning and design process by analyzing public recognition in each of the four phases of public participation. Moreover, questionnaires were distributed to experts and interviews were conducted among park users to gather the appropriate data. The research result showed that participatory design could effectively improve public recognition toward urban park playgrounds and earn confidence among citizens. However, it is noteworthy that the public favors social media communications over traditional forms. On the other hand, the public shows disapproval of a ribbon-cutting ceremony. Finally, the proposed suggestions and recommendations of this study are formulated based on the research findings
Comparison of flavonoid content and antioxidant activity in calyces of two roselle varieties (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)
Authors: Nerdy N , Barus B R , El-Matury H J , Ginting S , Zebua N F , Bakri T K
Published: January 2022

Free radicals can cause various degenerative diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disease. Flavonoids have antioxidant abilities that inhibit damage from free radicals. The roselle antioxidant mechanism is associated with high flavonoid content. Red and purple roselles are two varieties of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) cultivated in Indonesia. The aim of this research was to analyze the differences in flavonoid content and antioxidant activity in the calyces of two varieties of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), red and purple. Total flavonoid analysis and antioxidant activity testing were done by spectrophotometry in the visible region. Total flavonoid content was analyzed by pretreatment with aluminium chloride and sodium acetate. Antioxidant activity was tested with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. The total flavonoids for both red and purple roselle calyces ethanolic extract were 27.55 and 39.18 mg quercetin equivalent per gram. The half maximal inhibitory concentration values obtained for both red and purple roselle calyces ethanolic extract a were 51.59 and 42.17 μg/mL. The total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of purple roselle calyces ethanolic extract was higher and stronger than red roselle calyces ethanolic extract.
Comparative modal analysis for a twisted beam axle for a hybrid vehicle
Authors: Tomşeanu Laurian , Nicolae Viorel , Vieru Ionel , Marinescu Dănuţ
Published: January 2022

In this article it is presented a comparative analysis of natural mode frequencies for a non-powered rear axle used to fit mass production vehicle and for a similar rear axle derived from the first one to be used to fit a hybrid powered vehicle. The CAD model of the axle and the computed natural mode frequencies were realised using CATIA V5. For calculation, finit element method was used.
Is it possible to turn a diesel engine into a less pollutant device?
Authors: Suciu Cosmin Constantin , Ionel Ioana , Ostoia Daniel , Lontis Nicolae Stelian , Vetres Ion , Igreț Sorin Vlad
Published: January 2022

The current tendency in the eastern part of Europe is to modify old diesel engines with the purpose of improving characteristics in terms of horsepower and torque, but also to reduce the generated pollution. The diesel engines are still in use, against to the tendencies of renouncing to their support, at least in larger urban & industrial areas, where the pollution level, especially the particulate matter (particles PM10, PM2.5) and ozone concentrations, also the NOx are supposed to be generated mostly by diesel engine vehicles. The paper presents results concerning the influence of modifying the diesel engine control unit’s parameters, such as injection quantity, start of injection, intake air pressure and all the others correlated for better performance. The article brings into attention possibilities to reduce the exhaust pollution concentrations, correlated by simultaneous ways of improving the external characteristics of the engine by modifying the engine control unit’s parameters. Measurement results of a compression ignited internal combustion engine before and after the retrofitting, by reparametrization, meaning changing the parameters are presented and discussed.
Fluorescence microscopy-based quantitation of GLUT4 translocation
Authors: Heckmann Mara , Klanert Gerald , Sandner Georg , Lanzerstorfer Peter , Auer Manfred , Weghuber Julian
Published: January 2022

Postprandial insulin-stimulated glucose uptake into target tissue is crucial for the maintenance of normal blood glucose homeostasis. This step is rate-limited by the number of facilitative glucose transporters type 4 (GLUT4) present in the plasma membrane. Since insulin resistance and impaired GLUT4 translocation are associated with the development of metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, this transporter has become an important target of antidiabetic drug research. The application of screening approaches that are based on the analysis of GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane to identify substances with insulinomimetic properties has gained global research interest in recent years. Here, we review methods that have been implemented to quantitate the translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane. These methods can be broadly divided into two sections: microscopy-based technologies (e.g., immunoelectron, confocal or total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy) and biochemical and spectrometric approaches (e.g., membrane fractionation, photoaffinity labeling or flow cytometry). In this review, we discuss the most relevant approaches applied to GLUT4 thus far, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches, and we provide a critical discussion and outlook into new methodological opportunities.
Experimental and numerical investigation of metal-polymer riveted joints
Authors: Roszak Robert , Bula Karol , Sagradov Ilia , Sterzyński Tomasz , Schob Daniela , Ziegenhorn Matthias
Published: January 2022

This paper presents the modeling and analysis of the joints of metal inserts with polyamide 6 using the injection technique. Based on the experiments carried out, modeling and numerical calculations of the joints were performed for various joint configurations. The metal parts made of DS04 steel have holes. The holes are filled with polyamide 6 (PA6) by injection molding and both components are joined, resulting in a riveted joint. As part of the work, the steel / PA6 riveted joints were tested in a uniaxial tensile test. The main objective was to investigate the strength of the riveted joint as a function of the positioning and the number of rivets. A focus of the work was the numerical modeling of both the material behavior of PA6 and the riveted joint itself. The experiments showed that the polymer-metal joint with less than three rivets is destroyed by shear in the rivets. For a joint consisting of three rivets, the failure was in the rectangular polymer part. For the joint with three rivets, the maximum value of the breaking force was obtained. Similar values were obtained from numerical calculations using Abaqus software.