bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heart Failure and Malignancy: Implications of Chemotherapy and Radiation in the Pathogenesis of Cardiomyopathy in Cancer Treated Populations
Authors: McFarlane Samy I
Published: November 2021

The field of Cardio-oncology is rapidly growing with significant advances in research leading to better understanding of the underlying pathogenesis with implications in the diagnosis and management of cancer-related cardiomyopathy. Parallel to advancement in cardio-oncology is an increased awareness of the incidence of congestive heart failure and cardiomyopathy associated with malignancy. While specific cardiotoxic profiles exist for certain chemotherapeutic agents, there is increasing evidence of unexpected cardiotoxic side effects of some therapeutic modalities, combination chemo- and radiotherapy with large analyses identifying a strong association between malignancy and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, also known as “broken-heart” syndrome or stress cardiomyopathy, is characterized by transient and reversible, regional or global, myocardial dysfunction without inciting ischemic perfusion defect from obstructive coronary artery disease. While direct causative pathophysiologic mechanisms continue to be investigated, much of the postulated pathways center on the high emotional and physical burdens of cancer and the related emotional stress associated with the diagnosis of cancer as well as the corporal effects of anti-neoplastic therapies, radiation, and oncologic surgery. In this manuscript we review the most current data in this rapidly emerging field highlighting the epidemiology, the postulated pathogenetic mechanisms as well as the current guidelines by major societies addressing malignancy -associated heart failure and cardiomyopathy, a rather complex disease entity with high morbidity and mortality.
Mechanical Pulmonary Valve Thrombosis: Recurrence and Response to Thrombolytic Therapy
Authors: Hosseini Zahra
Published: November 2021

Prosthetic valve thrombosis (PVT) is a serious complication in the left-sided heart valve. However, in the right-side position, this complication may be completely asymptomatic or accompanied by only a few symptoms. Research on the prevalence of thrombosis in right-sided valves is still insufficient. We sought to retrospectively report our center’s experience concerning PVT and its management outcomes.
Advances in understanding modes of action of microbial bioprotectants
Authors:   Graz University of Technology, Austria, Berg Gabriele ,   Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Austria, Kusstatscher Peter ,   Graz University of Technology, Austria, Stocker Franz ,   Graz University of Technology, Austria, Abdelfattah Ahmed ,   Graz University of Technology, Austria, Cernava Tomislav ,   Graz University of Technology, Austria,   Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Austria
Published: November 2021

Plant-associated microorganisms are involved in important functions related to growth, performance and health of their hosts. Understanding their modes of action is important for the development and application of microbial bioprotectants and biostimulants. Recent studies have revealed manifold plant-microbe as well as pathogen-microbe interactions, which form the basis of understanding beneficial effects of plant-associated microorganisms. Microbiome research has contributed to our understanding of the modes of action of various plant-associated microorganisms. This chapter summarizes current knowledge about beneficial plant-microbe interactions, discusses recent insights into the functioning of the plant microbiome and beneficial plant-microbe networks. It shows that the use of microorganisms and the exploitation of beneficial plant–microbe interactions offer promising and environmentally-friendly strategies to achieve sustainable agriculture on a global scale.
Visualising plant colonisation by beneficial bacteria: a key step to improve the understanding of plant–microbe interactions
Authors:   AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Austria, Compant Stéphane , Brader Günter ,   AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Austria, Sessitsch Angela ,   AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Austria
Published: November 2021

Plants contain diverse microorganisms that interact with their hosts and with each other. Beneficial bacteria can be utilised on crops to protect plants against biotic and abiotic stresses and to stimulate plant growth. However, the behaviour of specific microorganisms on and within plants is still underexplored. Knowledge of bacterial colonisation behaviour and the precise ecological niches in a natural environment of a target strain can lead to better application and utilisation of these microorganisms for crop enhancement, in different plant soil environments, and for both biocontrol and biofertilisation approaches in organic and integrated protection systems. Understanding colonisation characteristics will also provide information on putative new strategies for maximising inoculation efficiency and thus crop enhancement. In this chapter, we set out how beneficial bacteria can colonise their host plants under various conditions and demonstrate how an understanding of plant colonisation can be used to improve bacterial application approaches.
Durability of efficacy of microbial bioprotectants against plant diseases
Authors:   INRAE, Pathologie Végétale, Avignon, France, Bardin Marc , Pressecq Thomas ,   INRAE, Pathologie Végétale, Avignon, France, Nicot Philippe C. ,   INRAE, Pathologie Végétale, Avignon, France, Bouaoud Yousra ,   University of Bejaia, Algeria
Published: November 2021

Plant pathogens can develop resistance to conventional plant protection products but their ability to overcome the effect of microbial bioprotectants is still poorly known. However, various studies show that susceptibility of plant pathogens to microbial bioprotectants can be highly variable. This may contribute to the inconsistent efficacy of microbial bioprotectants sometimes observed in the field. An important question is whether the widespread use of microbial bioprotectants in the field could conduct to the selection of even more resistant phenotypes of plant pathogens. This chapter highlights current knowledge concerning erosion of microbial bioprotectants against plant pathogens and its possible consequences for field efficacy.
Microbial bioprotectants and the marketplace
Authors:   DunhamTrimmer LLC, USA, Trimmer Mark C.
Published: November 2021

This chapter focuses on microbial bioprotectants and the marketplace. The chapter begins by first discussing the latest figure in terms of microbial bioprotectants global market value. It also highlights the different types and ways these bioprotectants can be used. The chapter also discusses the trends and drivers in the microbial market, focusing specifically on why microbials dominate and the factors that drive bioprotectant adoption. A section on the myths about the bioprotectant market is also included, which is then followed by a discussion of the limitations for using microbial bioprotectants. Future opportunities and threats for microbial bioprotectants are also highlighted.
The role of bioprotectants for disease control in integrated crop protection approaches
Authors:   Wageningen University & Research, The Netherlands, Köhl Jürgen
Published: November 2021

Bioprotectants have the potential to replace chemical pesticides in agricultural cropping systems and crop protection approaches. Development of new bioprotectants in combination with more restricted use of chemical crop protection will result in their much stronger market position in the future. Bioprotectants fulfil particular roles in current and future crop protection approaches, primarily reducing pesticide residues in harvested products in conventional systems, as well as being the first and preferred control option in integrated pest management programs and organic farming, and complementing resident microbiomes in future resilient cropping systems. The process of developing bioprotectants can take ten to 15 years. This chapter aims to give a brief overview of the role of bioprotectants in current and future crop protection approaches to stimulate discussion within the biocontrol industries, and amongst scientists and funding agencies on the need for new generations of bioprotectants for an agriculture industry undergoing transition.
Are there bacterial bioprotectants besides Bacillus and Pseudomonas species?
Authors:   Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Spain, Montesinos Emilio , Bonaterra Anna ,   Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Spain
Published: November 2021

This chapter discusses the taxonomy of non-Bacillus and Pseudomonas (NBP) bioprotectant strains, including enterobacteria, actinomycetes, Sphingomonas, Methylobacterium, Agrobacterium-Rhizobium and Lactobacillus. The chapter reviews their mechanisms of action against plant pathogens. Sources of isolates and methods of isolation are discussed in building strain collections. The chapter then reviews procedures for screening antagonistic bacteria candidates as bioprotectants using biochemical and molecular markers, including the example of lactic acid bacteria. The chapter then covers strain improvement to increase fitness and efficacy in the field through physiological and genetic manipulation. Since they are essential for commercial development, biosafety issues are discussed, followed by an overview of patented substances and commercialized products. The chapter concludes with a summary and future trends in research on non-Bacillus and Pseudomonas species.
Record Slide Show PowerPoint sebagai Alternatif Media Pembelajaran Audio Visual pada Pascapandemi
Authors: Alatas Mochamad Arifin , Albaburrahim Albaburrahim
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh meningkatnya kebutuhan dan kurangnya pengetahuan pembuatan media pembelajaran selama pandemi. Adapun penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan prosedur penggunaan record slide show PowerPoint sebagai alternatif media pembelajaran audio visual pada pascapandemi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dengan teknik dokumentasi yaitu mendokumentasikan prosedur penggunaan record slide show PowerPoint sebagai alternatif media pembelajaran audio visual. Hasil penelitian ini adalah prosedur penggunaan record slide show PowerPoint sebagai alternatif media pembelajaran audio visual pada pascapandemi memiliki beberapa tahapan. Tahapan tersebut meliputi 1) perencanaan, 2) pembuatan, dan 3) publikasi.
Sastra dan Sastrawan Jawa Timur di Era Pandemi: Tinjauan Respons Pembaca
Authors: Ahmadi Anas , Darni  , Yulianto Bambang
Published: November 2021

This study aims to explore East Javanese literature and writers during the pandemic through the perspective of reader response. This study uses an interpretive qualitative approach. The informants in this study were professional literary readers and ordinary literary readers. as many as 84 respondents have responded to the Indonesian Literature Reader form in East Java from various categories with a distribution of 66.3 percent of undergraduate students; 18.8 percent of Lecturers; 8.4 percent of Teachers; 4.2 percent of General; Researchers and Doctoral students got the same result, namely 1.1 percent. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of interviews and questionnaires. The results of the study show the following. First, it represents the psychology of the author.” 58.9 percent of respondents answered that the literary work represented the psychology of the author, 28.4 percent did not know and 12.6 percent did not. Second, the literary work represents the author's psychology, as many as 58.9 percent answered yes. While at least answering the literary work does not represent the psychology of the author, which is 12.6 percent. Third, the psychology understood by the reader, namely Personality Psychology (existential, behavioral, psychoanalytic, humanistic) with 28.4 percent answered yes, while at least 1.1 percent answered Masculinity Psychology and Mass Psychology. Indonesian writers in East Java tend to bring up Javanese human psychology in their literary works?” Of these questions, 52.6 percent of respondents answered that Indonesian writers in East Java tended to bring up Javanese human psychology in their literary works, as many as 42.1 percent answered maybe and 5.3 percent answered that Indonesian writers in East Java tended not to bring up Javanese human psychology in their literature. his literary works.
Unsur Keteladanan Tokoh dalam Buku Digital H.B. Jassin: Perawat Sastra Indonesia sebagai Bahan Ajar Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Etikasari Dian , Mulyaningtyas Rahmawati
Published: November 2021

The younger generation possess problems in recognizing the national figures who have contributed greatly to the Indonesian nation. The Ministry of Education and Culture by its digital library  releases the site budi.kemdikbud.go.id which provides the books that are very useful for children in recognizing Indonesian national figures. One of the books is entitled H.B Jassin: Perawat Sastra Indonesia which contains about the ins and outs of H.B Jassin that gives a great role model. This can be used as a role model for children in building their character development. In addition, the digital book H.B Jassin: Perawat Sastra Indonesia can be used as a teaching material for Indonesian language learning. The purpose of this research is to describe the noble attitude of H.B Jassin and the use of the digital book H.B Jassin: Perawat Sastra Indonesia as Indonesian language teaching material. Descriptive qualitative was chosen as the research method an digital book H.B Jassin: Perawat Sastra Indonesia as the source data. From the results of the analysis, it was found that the noble character elements of H.B. Jassin, they are fond of reading, passionate and brave, confident, devoted to parents, respectful, diligent and thorough, honest and responsible, persistent, charitable, humble, simple, patient, forgiving, creative, hardworking, religious, and nationalist person. Then, the digital book H.B Jassin: Perawat Sastra Indonesia is used as a teaching material for Indonesian language learning at the high school level in grade X at basic competencies  3.14 menilai hal yang dapat diteladani dari teks biografi.
VIRULENCE OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES TO THREE SOFT SCALE INSECT SPECIES
Authors: GRUJIĆ NIKOLA , GRAORA DRAGA , NJEŽIĆ BRANIMIR , BOSANČIĆ BORUT , TARASCO EUSTACHIO
Published: November 2021

Virulence of commercial strains of entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser), Steinernema feltiae Filipjev and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae, Heterorhabditidae), were tested on young females of Pulvinaria hydrangeae Steinweden, Partenolecanium corni (Bouché) and Coccus pseudomagnoliarum (Kuwana) (Hemiptera, Coccidae) and a native strain of H. bacteriophora was tested on citricola scale, C. pseudomagnoliarum. The laboratory tests were carried out in small plastic Petri dishes with infective juveniles (IJ) applied on filter paper covering the bottom. Results showed that all EPN tested were virulent to all three soft scale insect species. Recorded mortality of insects at the highest concentration of approximately 50 IJ per cm2 exceeded 64% in all combinations of nematode and scale species tested. Within the same nematode concentration, scales’ mortality of 90% and above was recorded for P. corni with all nematode species, P. hydrangeae with S. carpocapsae (Nemastar) and C. pseudomagnoliarum with native H. bacteriophora strain. All scale species were good hosts for all nematode species. This is the first report of EPNs to parasitize soft scale insects and one of the few among Coccoidea. The level of parasitism recorded is promising for potential use in management of scale insects.
Prematuridade e hipertensão, fatores complicadores dos resultados neonatais de gestantes com RCF atendidas em maternidade terciária do Ceará
Authors: Moniz Cesaltina Soares , Alves Júlio Augusto Gurgel , Lopes Barbara Bezerra , Alves Karla Samilly Lima , Medeiro Letícia Queiroz , Feitosa Edson de Lucena
Published: November 2021

Objetivos: estudar os casos de restrição de crescimento fetal (RCF), idade gestacional e o estágio de Gratacós em que são diagnosticados, os fatores maternos associados e os resultados neonatais obtidos. Metodologia: Revisou-se 134 prontuários das mães de recém-nascidos vivos com diagnóstico de RCF e com peso menor que 2700 gramas de janeiro de 2018 a abril de 2019 na Maternidade Escola Assis Chateaubriand (MEAC), excluiu-se os casos de malformação congênita, infecção congênita e gemelaridade. Variáveis foram analisadas pelos testes de Pearson, t-student, qui-quadrado do programa estatístico da STATA 11, considerando significância 0,05. Resultados: A RCF foi dividida de acordo com a idade gestacional no parto em dois grupos: Grupo A a termo: os que a idade gestacional no parto foi maior ou igual a 37 semanas; Grupo B pré-termo: os que a idade gestacional no parto foi menor que 37 semanas. O diagnóstico da RCF aconteceu em torno de 34 semanas e geralmente associada a doença hipertensiva materna. O parto ocorreu uma semana depois. A maioria (62%) dos partos foram prematuros. A grande maioria dos casos se encontravam nos estágios I de Gratacós, 98% e 91,6% dos casos dos grupos A e B, respectivamente. A RCF precoce, abaixo de 32 semanas, ocorreu em 26,5% dos partos prematuros (grupo B). Conclusão: A maioria dos casos de RCF ocorreu em primíparas, jovens, com média de 28 anos de idade e inicialmente normotensas. A hipertensão e a prematuridade foram dois fatores complicadores nos resultados perinatais.
Dynamism: Reconceptualising Resilience in Recovery From Trauma
Authors: Wyatt Zoe
Published: November 2021

Resilience research is currently dominated by Western theoretical frameworks, concepts, constructions, worldviews and understandings. Applying a Western construction of resilience to other global settings, is challenged by the fact that cultural practices central to different cultural identities, may not be acknowledged. This paper will present new and existing ways of conceptualising resilience and proposes that the term dynamism may be more culturally appropriate for capturing the concept of resilience in cross-cultural settings. The term dynamism has been crafted from research that initially sought to understand resilience and recovery among young Cambodian trauma survivors (See Wyatt, 2021). The research endeavoured to situate the concept of resilience within a non-Western, Cambodia-specific context. This study looked at factors that enabled young people to move forward with their lives and do remarkably well, despite significant childhood trauma (Wyatt, 2021). This paper is an extension of the key findings and will focus on the construction of the term resilience and its usefulness in cross-cultural settings. Furthermore, this article will present a model for dynamism and how this may be helpful in understanding recovery from trauma in cross-cultural contexts.
Sustainable viticulture: how to evaluate and record it on a wine estate
Authors: Zahm Frederic , Lévêque Marine , Auriol Frédéric , Del’homme Bernard , Girard Sydney , Carayon David , Alonso Ugaglia Adeline , Guignot-Muffet Kilian
Published: November 2021

Sustainable viticulture is being developed to meet the challenges of current societal expectations. Numerous assessment tools have emerged in recent years. The IDEA method (Indicateurs de Durabilité des Exploitations Agricoles or Farm Sustainability Indicators) is one of these assessment tools. Using the 4th version of IDEA (IDEA4), this article assesses the overall performance (level of sustainability) of a wine estate in Bordeaux in partnership with the company Ekylibre.
Application of a bottom-up approach to reduce healthcare disparity between the urban and rural areas
Authors: Malicka Agnieszka , George Namrita
Published: November 2021

Disparity in access to healthcare between the rural and urban regions occurs world-wide, both in higher and lower income countries. In order to offset poor health outcomes, a number of approaches to structuring healthcare services can be used. Several factors have been identified to play a role; nevertheless, they contribute to the healthcare gap to various - depending on whether a higher or lower income country undergoes evaluation. Traditionally, healthcare systems worldwide adopt a top-down approach, which is initiated by large institutions providing resources required for large scale projects along with the centralisation of efforts. Therefore, although it does lead to change, the results can be short-lived. The authors discuss the bottom-up approach used in ASHWINI organisation in Gudalur, India which allowed for the development of accessible and sustainable healthcare system managed by the community. Other projects, based in part on the principles of a bottom-up approach, have been applied in other countries to reduce healthcare disparities. A bottom-up approach, designed to deliver geographically-accessible, locally managed, culturally appropriate care, can provide sustainable results, and since it is universal in nature, it can be applied in other setting with similar structures.
Penanganan Parameter yang Hilang dalam Aplikasi Penilaian Kualitas Air IKA-INA
Authors:   Puslitbang Kualitas dan Laboratorium Lingkungan Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Kawasan Puspiptek Serpong Gd. 210, Jalan Raya Puspiptek Serpong, Muncul, Serpong, Muncul, Tangerang Selatan, Kota Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15314, Indonesia, Ratnaningsih Dewi , Puji Lestari Retno , Nazir Ernawita
Published: November 2021

Kualitas air di suatu wilayah yang merupakan salah satu indikator lingkungan dapat dievaluasi menggunakan parameter fisika, kimia, dan biologi. Indeks Kualitas Air Indonesia (IKA-INA) dapat digunakan untuk menilai kondisi kualitas air secara menyeluruh pada lokasi dan waktu tertentu. IKA-INA dihitung dengan menggunakan sepuluh (10) parameter yaitu pH, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), NO3, NH3, Total Phosphate (TP) dan fecal coliform. IKA-INA tersebut merupakan indeks kualitas air yang dapat memberikan informasi secara sederhana. Dalam pemanfaatannya, tidak semua data parameter dalam IKA-INA tersebut dapat terpenuhi karena adanya data tidak valid atau data yang hilang. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memberi alternatif rumusan IKA-INA dengan parameter yang tidak lengkap atau jika tidak semua data dalam parameters tersebut tersedia. Metode yang digunakan dalam menyusun rumusan adalah dengan melakukan koreksi faktor bobot parameter IKA-INA terhadap parameter yang hilang dan nilai Q (nilai sub-indeks). Setelah itu dilakukan uji coba pada nilai baku mutu air dalam Peraturan Pemerintah No. 22/2021 Lampiran VI serta pada data kualitas air sungai yang mewakili kualitas baik dan buruk. Hasil uji coba menunjukkan bahwa bobot parameter terkoreksi dapat digunakan untuk penanganan parameter yang hilang dalam penilaian kualitas air dengan metode IKA-INA. Hasil IKA-INA dengan parameter hilang yang menggunakan bobot terkoreksi dan hasil IKA-INA dengan parameter lengkap mayoritas memberikan status IKA yang tidak berbeda, kecuali untuk parameter fecal coli dan parameter yang mempunyai kadar jauh berbeda terhadap kondisi air secara keseluruhan.
Global Well-Posedness for the Fractional Navier-Stokes-Coriolis Equations in Function Spaces Characterized by Semigroups
Authors: Sun Xiaochun , Liu Jia , Zhang Jihong
Published: November 2021

We studies the initial value problem for the fractional Navier-Stokes-Coriolis equations, which obtained by replacing the Laplacian operator in the Navier-Stokes-Coriolis equation by the more general operator $(-\Delta)^\alpha$ with $\alpha>0$. We introduce function spaces of the Besove type characterized by the time evolution semigroup associated with the general linear Stokes-Coriolis operator. Next, we establish the unique existence of global in time mild solutions for small initial data belonging to our function spaces characterized by semigroups in both the scaling subcritical and critical settings.
On the Nonlocal Problems in Time for Time-fractional Subdiffusion Equations
Authors: Ashurov Ravshan , Fayziev Yusuf
Published: November 2021

The nonlocal boundary value problem, dtρu(t)+Au(t)=f(t) (0<ρ<1, 0<t≤T), u(ξ)=αu(0)+φ (α is a constant and 0<ξ≤T), in an arbitrary separable Hilbert space H with the strongly positive selfadjoint operator A, is considered. The operator dt on the left hand side of the equation expresses either the Caputo derivative or the Riemann-Liouville derivative; naturally, in the case of the Riemann - Liouville derivatives, the nonlocal boundary condition should be slightly changed. Existence and uniqueness theorems for solutions of the problems under consideration are proved. The influence of the constant α on the existence of a solution to problems is investigated. Inequalities of coercivity type are obtained and it is shown that these inequalities differ depending on the considered type of fractional derivatives. The inverse problems of determining the right-hand side of the equation and the function φ in the boundary conditions are investigated.
Ionized Gas Thermoelectric Generator: Theoretical Evaluation and Efficiency Estimation
Authors: Bqoor Mohammad , Hamdan Mohammad , Janajreh Isam
Published: November 2021

The novel Ionized Gas Thermoelectric Generator (IG-TEG) system that has been studied theoretically showing capabilities to continually extracting energy from the thermal energy of the ambient air, at low temperatures within the standard room temperature and below. This system does not need a temperature gradient in order to work, unlike the other TEGs that use Seebeck effect, and therefore this new system can be utilized for cooling purposes, by extracting energy instead of wasting energy in compressing the gas for cooling. This novel system was designed based on Static Ratchet Potential (SRP), which is known as a spatially asymmetric electric potential produced by an array of positive and negative electrodes. The ratchet potential produces electrical current from random Brownian Motion of charged particles that are driven by thermal energy. Ratchet potential was studied and investigated by several researches in the fields of sensing and energy harvesting. The main ratchet potential system parameter is the particles transportation, this parameter was studied under the condition of flashing ratchet potentials, and was analyzed based on several methods. In this study, a different approach is pursued to estimate particles transportation, by evaluating the charged particles distribution, and applying the other conditions of the SRP.
Passive Microwave Radiometry (MWR) as a Component of Imaging Diagnostics in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)
Authors: Tarakanov Alexander V , Ladanova Elena S , Lebedenko Alexander A , Tarakanova Tatyana D , Vesnin Sergey G , Goryanin Igor I
Published: November 2021

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a disease with unknown causes within all forms of arthritis in children under 16 years of age. The diagnosis is made when another joint pathology is excluded. Difficulties in early and differential diagnosis lead to the rapid disability of patients and an unfavourable life prognosis. Therefore, timely diagnosis is necessary to prevent irreversible damage to the joints and preserve their function. Due to the widespread use of new technologies, modern multimodal imaging has gained recognition, which includes X-ray, ultrasound, and MRI. The combination of methods plays a key role in confirming the diagnosis, monitoring disease activity, prognosis during the course, and outcome in children with JIA. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. The introduction of the method of passive microwave radiometry (MWR), in combination with other imaging methods, makes it possible to expand the possibilities of screening the disease in the preclinical and early clinical phases.
Fracture of Be and Its Alloys - Webb Space Telescope Revisited
Authors: Rafique Muhammad Musaddique Ali
Published: November 2021

NASA/ESA/CSA joint venture James Webb Space Telescope is about to be launched. It is hypothesized to operate in near-infrared range. It is also hypothesized to unveil early star formation, galaxies, and universe due to its orbit, point in orbit and orbital motion. It has been under manufacturing for over 20 years at a staggering cost of 10 billion US dollars (most expensive scientific experiment in history). Beryllium (Be) is chosen to be element for construction of its main mirrors due to its high stiffness, low density, low linear coefficient of thermal expansion (α) in cryogenics and high thermal conductivity. It is followed by gold (Au) layer deposition on its (Be) surface to enhance its sensitivity towards infrared radiation as later is hypothesized to bear superior properties. However, serious mistakes have been made in selecting this material for this application. Owing to its crystal structure (hexagonal close packed (hcp)), slip planes (basal, prismatic and pyramidal) and mechanisms of their activation, Be necessitates easy fracture at cryogenic temperature. It has anisotropic properties and prone to transverse fracture under tensile loading. Furthermore, its ductile to brittle transition temperature is very low making it entirely unsuitable for such an application. It is one of most expensive metals on planet. This study constitutes revisiting these fundamental properties and mechanisms which were entirely ignored during materials selection thus rendering whole project useless.
Neoproterozoic Deposits of the Bashkir Mega-Anticlinorium (Southern Urals): State of the Art in Regional Stratigraphy
Authors: Dub S.A.
Published: November 2021

—This paper presents an alternative variant of stratigraphic subdivision of the upper Riphean–Vendian deposits (approximately corresponding to the Neoproterozoic Erathem of the International Chronostratigraphic Chart (ICC)) of the Bashkir Mega-Anticlinorium (BMA), based on the modern concepts of changes in the biosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere (and, accordingly, in the climate and the course of sedimentary processes) in the period ~1000–540 Ma, with regard to the results of recent studies and the proposals for improving the Russian General Stratigraphic Scale (GSS) of the Precambrian. The strict necessity of subdividing chronostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic units is shown. The presented data give grounds to regard the Zil’merdak Formation as a Group and assign three of its lower formations to the Middle Riphean (Yurmatinian). It is shown that the period of accumulation of the Karatau Group (comprising the Katav, Inzer, Min’yar, and Uk formations) was significantly shorter than the duration of the Late Riphean (Karatavian). Special attention is focused on the age of the Uk Formation (analysis of the existing data made it possible to refine its stratigraphic position): It formed, most likely, in the period 780–740 Ma. A high uncertainty of the stratigraphic position of the overlying geologic bodies is demonstrated. The Bakeevo, Tolparovo, Suirovo, and Kurgashla formations must be regarded as part of the Terminal Riphean (Arshinian). The Arsha Group, comprising the Bainas, Makhmutovo, Igonino, and Shum formations in the Tirlyan trough and represented by the Krivaya Luka Formation in the Krivaya Luka syncline, should not be totally assigned to the Terminal Riphean. It is proposed to exclude the Bakeevo Formation and the Tolparovo–Suirovo sequence from the Asha Group, because these deposits are, most likely, a modification of the Arsha Group located on the western flank of the BMA. The Uryuk Formation is probably of pre-Vendian age. The current contradictory data on the stratigraphy of the supra-Uryuk unit of the Asha Group are interpreted. The ages of the geologic bodies composing the Group and its stratigraphic interval still call for a thorough study.
Optimising Depth Selection on Section Milling Operation to Secure Sustained Casing Pressure During Plug and Abandonment Operation
Authors: Wangsamulia Dianita , Pahlevi Khresno , Paulus Simon , Aditya Gama , Tanjung Heri , Dewanda Ratna
Published: November 2021

D-01 was an exploration well requiring a Plug-and-Abandonment (P&A) procedure with sustained casing pressure up to 2,000 psi on the B annulus. The presence of Sustained Casing Pressure (SCP) is one of the major technical challenges to decommission and abandon the well safely. Several attempts to secure the well using the perforation-and-squeeze method were performed – but failed. It was decided to perform section milling operations to create a viable rock-to-rock barrier. In this operation, the key factor in determining success, is selecting the correct depth to mill safely and secure the annular pressure source.

A comprehensive approach was taken to determine the optimum depth for the section milling by evaluating existing open-hole and cased-hole data. Additionally, triple-detector Pulsed Neutron Log (PNL) was also performed prior to the section milling operation. The triple-detector PNL tool offered not only behind casing porosity (TPHI) and sigma (SIGM) measurement, but also a relatively new measurement in the oil and gas industry called Fast Neutron Cross Section (FNXS), which were expected to provide more accurate gas detection and gauge the condition near the borehole. By combining all the logs and reservoir data, the milling interval was selected and the section milling and subsequent cement plug operations were performed.

Evaluation of existing open-hole and cased-hole logs provided geological and petrophysical insights which were useful in determining the hydrocarbon source charging the B-annulus. Further analysis on PNL data provided indication of possible gas pockets in the B-annulus. This information was used to distinguish between shallower formation sources or gas pockets that were not yet bled off. The operation on D-01 successfully resolved the B-annulus issue and the well was properly abandoned per regulatory requirements.

Considering the complexity and high cost of section milling operations, a thorough review of data and pre-job logging increases the probability of selecting the optimum intervals needed to successfully complete P&A operations on SCP wellbores.
Case Study and Lessons Learnt for the 1St Fully Integrated Hwu Well Abandonment at Field a Offshore Malaysia
Authors: Shahril Shahril Yang Shahril , Tengku Khairul Tengku Khairul Izwan Tengku Ahmad Tengku Khairul , Khalieff Khalieff Fathiee Lokman Zakey Khalieff Fathiee
Published: November 2021

Uzma was awarded with 1st integrated well abandonment under Provision of Well Abandonment Integrated Services (WAISE) in 2018. Total of 22 wells were plug & abandonment with average 10 to 20 days per well were spent to complete the work. The scope of works is inclusive providing Project Management Team, Hydraulic Workover Unit, Accommodation Work Boat, Supply Vessels, and P&A services.

This paper will highlight the practical experiences and capture the lessons learned obtained executing 1st integrated well abandonment campaign in Field A Offshore Malaysia. This paper presents the overall project lesson learnt for 1st integrated well abandonment embarked from early stage of project planning, preparation, acceptance, technical, operation & project close out. The lesson learnt will be beneficial for all Operator & Contractor Company involving with integrated well abandonment. This paper also presents capability of hydraulic workover unit and recommendation for future of low-cost well's plug and abandonment.

Plug and abandonment operations with conventional hydraulic workover units have an enormous impact on low-cost plug and abandonment campaign in Malaysia compared with conventional drilling rigs. In essence, the lessons learned and insights gained throughout abandonment campaigns will keep accumulating with time to feed into the knowledge and experience vault. With proper project lesson learnt, many success cases and best practices can be emulated both from technical and commercial point of view. This lesson learnt will be beneficial for all Operator & Contractor Company involving with integrated well abandonment.
Strengthening Urban Resilience: Five emerging lessons
Authors: Silva Paula
Published: November 2021

Strengthening urban resilience is key to achieving Oxfam's vision of a world without poverty. Urbanization has become a major challenge for almost all countries around the globe. Cities and city inhabitants are facing additional and amplified challenges as a result of rapid urbanization, a changing climate and rising inequality in urban areas. The COVID-19 crisis has further highlighted the importance of strengthening inclusive urban resilience to acute shocks and chronic stresses. Oxfam's Resilience Knowledge Hub conducted the Urban Resilience Learning Exchange (URLE) project with pilot programmes in Jordan, Pakistan, Nepal, South Africa, Kenya and Bangladesh to develop a better understanding of what it takes to build resilience in urban settings. This paper summarizes the learning from the pilots and looks at how Oxfam can further strengthen its urban resilience programming.
General Practitioners’ Perspectives Over Solutions To Change BZD Prescription Trends – A Qualitative Study
Authors: Reis Teresa , Serra Helena , Faria Inês , Xavier Miguel
Published: November 2021

Background: This qualitative study explores General Practitioners’ (GPs) perspectives on solutions to address the problem of excessive prescription of benzodiazepines (BZDs). Over-prescription of BZDs at a primary health care settings is a prevalent issue in the region under analysis, but also elsewhere internationally. GPs are the gatekeepers to these medicines in primary care, but for several subjective, organizational and external reasons, they find it difficult to change current prescription patterns. Simultaneously, GPs recognize the issue of BZD excessive prescription practices, and propose possible solutions to invert the trend.Methods: Qualitative data were collected in seven primary health care centers in an interior and mostly rural region of Portugal. We conducted 12 semi-structured interviews with GPs. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and underwent thematic analysis. The themes were integrated and organized into eight axes for action.Results: Solutions proposed by GPs focused on organizational aspects, such as human resources, infrastructure and training (including on withdrawal schemes), alternative approaches, and wider community-based initiatives to counter societal aspects affecting mental health in the identified region. The themes were integrated and organized into eight axes for action.Conclusions: The findings provide an assessment of the priorities to change excessive BZDs prescription, as suggested by the GPs in primary health care settings, and hence reflecting what they consider to be context specific needs. Both experts and multi-stakeholders bottom-up perspectives should be taken into account when proposing new policies and local strategies to tackle current excessive BZD prescription, especially considering the failure of previous strategies to change this well-known public health issue. We consider that our results to be generalizable to all countries where primary health care plays a central role in care provision.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT04925596
EXPLOITATION OF LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS COLD ENERGY IN FLOATING STORAGE REGASIFICATION UNITS
Authors:   Energy Engineering Research Group, University Institute of Maritime Studies, ETSNM, University of A Coruña, Paseo de Ronda 51, A Coruña 15011, Spain, Naveiro Manuel , Romero Gómez Manuel , Arias Fernández Ignacio , Romero Gómez Javier
Published: November 2021

This paper aims to review regasification technology installed in Floating Storage Regasification Units (FSRUs) and the potential offered by the exploitation of cold energy from liquefied natural gas (LNG) in these vessels. The assessment describes the main characteristics of regasification systems along with their respective advantages and limitations. Regasification systems in direct exchange (seawater and steam) and systems with intermediate fluids that use propane or water-glycol in the heat transfer process are studied. In recent years, water-glycol systems have cornered the market. The mixture, besides reducing the risk of freezing, is non-flammable, economical and highly available. Thermodynamic analysis of the regasification process shows that LNG cold energy is the main source of residual energy in these vessels; the specific energy and exergy content is more than double that of engine exhaust gases. Exploitation of this cold energy in power cycles could significantly reduce FSRUs harmful emissions and electrical energy could even be exported to shore. The organic Rankine cycle technology is the most well-known and widely studied, although scientific literature is scarce and there is a need to propose new regasification systems with cold energy exploitation that can be adopted on these vessels.
Rolling bearing fault diagnosis with compressed signals based on hybrid compressive sensing
Authors: Chen Zihan
Published: November 2021

In recent years, many studies have been conducted on remote machine condition monitoring and on-board bearing fault diagnosis. To accurately identify the fault pattern, large amounts of vibration data must be sampled and saved. However, because the bandwidth of the wireless communication is limited, the volume of transmitted data cannot be too large. Therefore, raw data are usually compressed before transmission. All of the previous compression methods use a sample-then-compress framework; however, in this work, we introduce a compression method based on a Compressive Sensing that can simultaneously collect and compress raw data. Additionally, a hybrid measurement matrix is designed for Compressive Sensing and used to compress the data and make it easy to conduct fault diagnosis in the compression domain. This process can significantly reduce the computational complexity of on-board fault diagnosis. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed compression method is easy to use and the reconstruction process can recover the original signal perfectly. Above all, the compressed signal can preserve the time series information of the original signal, and in contrast to fault diagnosis using the original signal, the accuracy of the fault diagnosis based on conventional methods in the compression domain is not significantly decreased.
Fault diagnosis and health management of bearings in rotating equipment based on vibration analysis – a review
Authors: Althubaiti Adnan , Elasha Faris , Teixeira Joao Amaral
Published: November 2021

There is an ever-increasing need to optimise bearing lifetime and maintenance cost through detecting faults at earlier stages. This can be achieved through improving diagnosis and prognosis of bearing faults to better determine bearing remaining useful life (RUL). Until now there has been limited research into the prognosis of bearing life in rotating machines. Towards the development of improved approaches to prognosis of bearing faults a review of fault diagnosis and health management systems research is presented. Traditional time and frequency domain extraction techniques together with machine learning algorithms, both traditional and deep learning, are considered as novel approaches for the development of new prognosis techniques. Different approaches make use of the advantages of each technique while overcoming the disadvantages towards the development of intelligent systems to determine the RUL of bearings. The review shows that while there are numerous approaches to diagnosis and prognosis, they are suitable for certain cases or are domain specific and cannot be generalised.
Analysis on circumpelvic muscle force and spatial position and orientation of bone traction needle for pelvic fracture reduction
Authors: Li Yanan , Xu Haifei , Yu Lin , Lei Jingtao
Published: November 2021

Robot-assisted reduction of pelvic fracture, the bone traction needles need to be inserted into the iliac bone of the affected pelvis, and the clamping instrument of the robot is connected to the bone traction needle. The biomechanical characteristics of the pelvic musculoskeletal tissues are different with the different spatial position and orientation of the bone traction needle. In this paper, a new PA-MTM model considering the pinnate angle of skeletal muscle is proposed to analyze the muscle force of skeletal muscle. According to the planned reduction path, reduction force during the reduction process is calculated. Based on the pelvic CT scan data and the muscle distribution of the pelvis, the musculoskeletal model of the fractured pelvis is reconstructed. Then, the finite element model of the pelvic musculoskeletal tissue with bone traction needle is established. The maximum reduction force is applied on the bone traction needles, and the stress distribution of the pelvic musculoskeletal tissue with the needles in different spatial position and orientation is comparatively studied. The results show that the suitable force point on bone traction needle is S1 point. When the bone traction needle is inserted into the iliac crest and the anterior inferior iliac spine, the pelvis is in a good stress state.
A influência da neotectônica nos sistemas costeiro, fluvial e lacustre na região costeira oriental norte do RN-Brasil
Authors: Camara Michel Rodrigues
Published: November 2021

O presente trabalho foi uma pesquisa realizada na região costeira oriental norte do Rio Grande do Norte, abordando os municípios de Touros, Pureza, Rio do Fogo, Maxaranguape e Ceará Mirim. Cujo o objetivo foi identificar o grau de influência da forçante endógena da neotectônica nas unidades geoambientais costeiras, fluviais e lacustres, através de vistoria a campo, análise de imagens de satélite e de radar, além de geoprocessamento e análises multitemporais com softwares de ArcGIS 10.3 e ERMapper 7.1. Tal estudo identificou o forte controle tectônico nos ambientes fluviais e lacustres, que possuem uma orientação paralela às principais falhas identificadas na região costeira oriental sul do Estado. No sistema costeiro, também foram identificados a influência dessa forçante em corpos dunares que apresentaram sua forma perpendicular à direção dos ventos alísios que controlam os campos de dunas. Enquanto que na faixa de praia, foi identificado uma forte variação de sua extensão devido ao afloramento de falésias que são o resultado do soerguimento das rochas areníticas da Formação Barreiras, que por sua vez é uma grande evidencia de um sistema de horst-graben nessa área de estudo.
Vulnerabilidade geológico-geomorfológica da folha Boqueirão, Paraíba
Authors: Xavier Rafael Albuquerque
Published: November 2021

A Carta Geológica da Folha Boqueirão, escala 1:100.000, elaborada pelo Serviço Geológico do Brasil foi utilizada para analisar a vulnerabilidade erosiva a partir dos parâmetros geológicos e geomorfológicos. Para tanto, foi utilizado a metodologia de Creppani (2001) e Xavier et. al. (2014), para analisar a vulnerabilidade geológica e geomorfológica respectivamente. Como argumentação teórica, discutem-se os conceitos de “limites de intemperismo” e “limites de transporte” de Gilbert (1877). Os resultados mostraram a predominância da estabilidade geológica e geomorfológica da área de estudo. Rochas resistentes ao intemperismo e o relevo suave marcam a paisagem. O regime pluviométrico não favorece a atuação da pedogênese, e a ocorrência de chuvas concentradas promove a aceleração dos processos erosivos superficiais que, em alguns casos, remove todo o manto de intemperismo, formando os lajedos rochosos. Conclui-se que as ideias de Gilbert (1877) são válidas para auxiliar no entendimento da morfodinâmica em ambientes semiáridos e que as características geológicas são variáveis fundamentais neste sistema.