bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zonasi dan Merdeka Belajar : Kajian Kritis dari Prospektif Kebijakkan
Authors: Sumiana
Published: January 2021

Artikel ini merupakan hasil dari studi literatur terkait kebijakan baru dimana masih banyak komponen di dalamnya yang perlu dikaji secara kritis. Untuk itu penulis mengangkat judul “Zonasi dan Merdeka Belajar – Kajian Kritis dari Prospektif Kebijakan” dengan tujuan (1) dapat mendeskripsikan konsep zonasi yang sudah dilaksanakkan di Pendidikan dasar, (2) dapat mendeskripsikan konsep merdeka belajar yang sudah dilaksanakan di Pendidikan dasar, (3) dapat mendeskripsikan konsistensi atau inkonsistensi  kebijakan zonasi dan kebijakan merdeka belajar di Pendidikan dasar, serta (4) mendeskripsikan rekomendasi berdasarkan analisis. Kebijakan pemeritah dalam merdeka belajar memiliki empat fokus utama dalam pendidikan antara lain; penilaian USBN komprehensif, penghapusan UN, penyederhanaan PRR, dan zonasi. Tujuan dari kebijakan pemerintah terkait program zonasi dimana untuk memeratakan pendidikan dengan asumsi tidak ada lagi sekolah favorit atau sekolah menengah kebawah. Maka secara tidak langsung selama bersekolah anak akan dekat dengan lingkungan sekolah dan lingkungan keluarga. Menindaklanjuti tujuan tersebut dapat dirujuk dari Ki Hajar Dewantara terkait Tri Pusat Pendidikan (Guru, Orang tua, dan lingkungan) dimana dalam membentuk karakter seorang anak agar dapat belajar dengan baik dan siap menghadapi masalah dibutuhkan Tripusat pendidikan (Kurniawan, 2015). Guru pertama bagi seorang anak adalah orang tua. Dimana pertama kali anak belajar bersama orang tua, mengenal segala sesuatu juga dari orang tua. Sekolah adalah tempat menuntut ilmu. Selain pelajaran dan pengetahuan yang diberikan orang tua, seorang anak juga memerlukan bimbingan pendidikan dari sekolah. Kepribadian anak juga terbentuk di sekolah, dari pergaulan disekolah, dari pelajaran yang diberikan guru. Peran masyarakat dalam pembentukan kepribadian seseorang juga memiliki andil besar. Lingkungan yang baik akan membuat seseorang memiliki kepribadian yang baik pula. Lingkungan yang buruk dapat menyebabkan seseorang memiliki kepribadian yang buruk Selain itu dengan adanya kebijakan zonasi ini menuntut guru lebih kreatif dan inovasif untuk melaksaksanakan pembelajaran, missal pembelajaran akan lebih kontekstual karena lingkungan belajar anak dekat dengan sekolah. Missal, pada pembelajaran jual beli dimana dalam tujuan penbelajaran siswa dapat mengenal pelaku ekonomi. Hal ini bisa dicontohkan secara kontekstual dengan mengaitkan materi dengan kehidupan nyata atau lingkungan sekitar siswa yang kebetulan lingkungan siswa tersebut berada di daerah pegunungan maka mayoritas pelaku ekonomi disana adalah petani sayur dan pedagang buah. Hal ini berbeda ketika lingkungan siswa berada di perkotaan maka pelaku ekominya adalah para pedagang fasion dan industry pabrik. Oleh karnanya salah satu tujuan pemerintah melalui kebijakan zonasi ini untuk membentuk guru, orang tua dan lingkungan dalam mendidik anak. Dengan demikian zonasi merupakan salah satu upaya pemerintah dalam membentuk Tripusat (guru, orang tua, dan lingkungan) pendidikan bagi anak.
Memaksimalkan Potensi Usaha Pelaku Umkm Melalui Inovasi Produk Olahan Hasil Pertanian Desa Banjarsari Kecamatan Cerme Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Teguh Purwanto  , Yuni Sukandani  , I Made Bagus Dwiarta  , Aji Prasetyo  , Mutiara Rachma Ardhiani
Published: January 2021

Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) memiliki peran penting dalam meningkatkan ekonomi negara. UMKM memberikan kontribusi pada penambahan lapangan pekerjaan sebesar 60% dan pembentukan Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) sebesar 40%. Pandemi Covid-19 yang melanda seluruh dunia saat ini membuat perekonomian di berbagai negara jatuh, termasuk di Indonesia. Kondisi UMKM Indonesia selama pandemi mengalami berbagai penurunan. Perlu berbagai inovasi agar UMKM tetap dapat bertahan selama pandemi ini, salah satunya melalui inovasi produk serta memanfaatkan e-commerce sebagai media pemasaran dan distribusi. UMKM memiliki peluang dalam melakukan pemasaran online karena pengguna internet di Indonesia saat ini mengalami peningkatan yang sangat pesat. Situs belanja online (e-commerce) merupakan media yang ikut mengalami peningkatan. Hal ini dapat dimanfaatkan pelaku UMKM untuk mengembangkan pangsa pasarnya melalui e-commece.

Kata kunci : UMKM, peningkatan potensi, e-commerce.
SURVEY PELAKSANAAN LAYANAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING PADA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA JALAN JAWA SURABAYA
Authors: Wirastania Aniek
Published: January 2021

Bimbingan dan konseling merupakan suatu hal dasar yang dibutuhkan oleh seorang individu dalam perkembangannya. Tujuan dari pelaksanaan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan layanan bimbingan dan konseling di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Jalan Jawa Surabaya Tahun Ajaran 2015-2016 serta mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pelaksanaan layanan bimbingan dan konseling yang efektif.. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini deskriptif kualitatif. Metode ini digunakan untuk melukiskan dan memahami secara holistik tentang pelaksanaan layanan bimbingan dan konseling. Fokus aktivitas dalam penelitian ini adalah mengkaji program bimbingan dan konseling yang saat ini digunakan di sekolah lokasi penelitian.

Kata Kunci: Layanan Bimbingan dan Konseling
UPAYA MENURUNKAN KECANDUAN BERMAIN FACEBOOK DENGAN KONSELING KELOMPOK TEKNIK SELF MANAGEMENT KELAS XII LISTRIK SMK RADEN PATAH KOTA MOJOKERTO TAHUN AJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: Fitriana Dyah Wulandari  , Diana Mayasari  , Agus Wahyudianto
Published: January 2021

Permasalahan yang terjadi akhir akhir ini di sekolah SMK Raden Patah kota Mojokerto banyak hal yang dialami oleh siswa terutama dalam hal kurang memperhatikan penjelasan guru ketika proses belajar berlangsung. Diketahui dari hasil pengumpulan data sebanyak 40% siswa sering bermain HP ketika dikelas sehingga sangat mempengaruhi prestasi siswa dikelas. Setelah melakukan observasi banyak siswa yang mengalami kecanduan dalam bermain facebook adapun hal yang mempengaruhi dalam kecanduan bermain facebook adalah siswa sering update statusnya, siswa sering memberikan komentar terhadap status temannya, sering menggunakan facebook pada saat jam daring berlangsung dan tidak memperhatikan pelajaran yang sedang sampaikan serta siswa tidak peduli dan kurang bersosialisasi dengan lingkungan sekitarnya, siswa kurang bisa mengelola waktu dengan baik. Faktor inilah yang menyebabkan siswa selalu ingin bermain facebook dan ingin selalu menampilkan dirinya dimedia sosial untuk mendapatkan kepuasan dalam dirinya. Tujuan dari penilitian ini adalah Efektifitas Konseling kelompok untuk menurunkan kecanduan bermain facebook pada kelaas XII Listrik SMK Raden Patah Kota Mojokerto. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi dan angket. Penelitian ini menggunakan 2 siklus dengan menggunakan pretest dan postest, Adapun hasil yang di peroleh pada siklus 1 rata-rata kejenuhan belajar 71.8 dan rata-rata kejenuhan belajar pada siklus ke 2 adalah sebesar 30,8. Sehingga dapat di buat kesimpulan bahwa konseling kelompok teknik Selfmanagement dapat menurunkan kecanduan bermain facebook.
PENGGUNAAN KONSELING KELOMPOK RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY (REBT) UNTUK MENGURANGI SCHOOL REFUSAL (PENOLAKAN SEKOLAH) SISWA KELAS XII IPA SMAN 1 TONGAS
Authors: Winda Nur Hidayanti  , Dwi Ridhowati
Published: January 2021

School refusal (penolakan sekolah) adalah masalah emosional yang dimanifestasikan dengan penolakan anak atau remaja untuk menghadiri sekolah dengan disertai ketakutan yang tidak irasional, yang disebabkan oleh kecemasan berpisah dari orang terdekat, pengalaman negatif disekolah. Peneliti menemukan fenomena school refusal (penolakan sekolah) di kelas XII IPA SMAN 1 Tongas Probolinggo melalui data dokumentasi wali kelas dan guru matapelajaran. Masalah yang terlihat pada school refusal (penolakan sekolah) siswa beberapa kali tidak mengikuti pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji penggunaan layanan konseling kelompok rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) dengan teknik disput reinforcement positif yang digunakan untuk mengurangi school refusal (penolakan sekolah) siswa kelas XII IPA SMAN 1 Tongas Probolinggo.Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan 2 siklus dengan menggunakan analisis data deskriptif kualitatif. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 5 siswa kelas XII IPA yang memiliki school refusal (penolakan sekolah) tinggi. Pada penelitian ini siswa mengalami perubahan positif dengan menurunnya school refusal (penolakan sekolah) yangdialami setelah mengikuti konseling kelompok pada siklus I. Perubahan positif ini semakin mengalami perkembangan untuk penurunan school refusal (penolakan sekolah) setelah dilaksanakan konseling kelompok siklus II. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa konseling kelompok rational emotif behavior therapy (REBT) dapat menurunkan school refusal (penolakan sekolah) pada siswa kelas XII IPA SMAN 1 Tongas Probolinggo.
MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA SISWA MELALUI KONSELING KELOMPOK DENGAN STRATEGI MODELING SIMBOLIS
Authors: Edi Purwanto  , Novita Karnida Khurri  , Mastubi  , Dewi Nurmalika  , Prabandari Nuansmahira
Published: January 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keterampilan berbicara siswa secara signifikan dapat ditingkatkan melalui keonseling kelompok dengan strategi modeling simbilis. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan jenis pendekatan pre eksperimental design, dengan jenis, pre-test dan post-test one group design. Instrumen pengumpul data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah angket rendah diri. Yang menjadi subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII-A SMPN 1 Widang-Tuban yang memiliki keterampilan berbicara kategori rendah. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik non parametrik dengan mengunakan uji Wilcoxon dengan taraf signifikan 5%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, dapat disimpulkan bahwa keterampilan berbicara siswa secara signifikan dapat ditingkatkan melalui konseling kelompok dengan strategi modeling simbolis. Jadi hipotesis yang berbunyi “keterampilan berbicara siswa secara signifikan dapat ditingkatkan melalui konseling kelompok dengan strategi modeling simbolis” dapat diterima.
KESIAPAN DAN KETERLIBATAN PENDIDIK PAUD DI JAWA TIMUR PADA MASA PANDEMIK COVID-19 MELALUI PENGUASAAN TIK
Authors: Anggraini Kristin
Published: January 2021

This research was driven by a change in the implementation of learning in PAUD during the Covid-19 pandemic virus, which was originally conducted face-to-face and turned into virtual. Based on this, the researcher wants to know the readiness, willingness and involvement of PAUD educators in implementing virtual learning. This research is a qualitative research with literature-based data sources collected from several articles contained in various international journals and surveys that have been conducted to about two hundred and fifty-six teachers in East Java who confirmed that as many as 10.5% stated strongly agree, as many as 50.4% agreed while 39.1% stated that they did not agree / were not willing to support efforts to implement virtual learning for early childhood. The results of this study are expected to be a recommendation for policy makers to carry out virtual learning in early childhood classes in order to break the chain of the spread of the Covid-19 virus in Indonesia.
Analisis Kemampuan Bertanya Peserta Didik Pada Pembelajaran Tematik Tema 4 Subtema 1 Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar Negeri Maguwoharjo 1 Sleman, Yogyakarta
Authors: Aswatun Hasanah
Published: January 2021

Dalam proses pembelajaran salah satu bagian pentingnya adalah melakukan komunikasi dengan cara tanya jawab. Kegiatan bertanya dalam proses pembelajaran merupakan pengajuan pertanyaan baik faktual maupun opini diawali dengan bimbingan guru hingga peserta didik dapat memahaminya dan dapat menjadi suatu kegiatan kebiasaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan bertanya peserta didik dengan tema pekerjaanku subtema jenis-jenis pekerjaan subjek pembelajaran tematik dan menggambarkan kendala-kendala yang dialami peserta didik kelas IV SD Negeri Maguwoharjo 1 Sleman Yogyakarta tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan deskripsitf kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah kemampuan yang dimilikinya peserta didik berbeda-beda karena kurangnya rasa kepercayaan diri, rasa takut dinyatakan salah dan takut ditertawakan teman-temannya yang masih melekat pada peserta didik, serta adanya anggapan bodoh ketika bertanya. Kekurangan – kekurangan tersebut dapat dihilangkan dengan beberapa cara sebagai berikut 1) perlunya kreativitas guru dalam menyampaikan pembelajaran dengan strategi, metode, dan media serta pendekatan yang digunakan. 2) keberanian dan percayaan diri peserta didik yang perlu di dorong dan dimotivasi dari guru maupun orang tua. 3) menciptakan kegiatan pembelajaran yang bersifat aktif sehingga peserta didik bersemangat dalam belajar. Keywords: kemampuan bertanya, peserta didik, pembelajaran tematik.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Bangun Ruang Melalui Metode Duti Duta (Two Stay Two Stray) Siswa Kelas IV SDN Buncitan Kecamatan Sedati Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Zaini Ahmad
Published: January 2021

This research is motivated by the fact that the learning outcomes of students. The purpose of this research is to improve the learning outcomes of students through methods Two Stay Two Stray the subject matter of waking up space on the fourth grade students of SD Negeri Buncitan Sedati Sidoarjo. This study uses learning methods Two Stay Two Stray is applied so that students can be motivated to learn The general procedural theories more appropriate if taught with cooperative learning methods, one where students work together with other students in thinking independently to solve existing problems. The results of research on the application of cooperative learning Two Stay Two Stray in wake classroom materials IV SDN Buncitan on preliminary observations with a percentage of 43,8% mastery learning. Around 1 shows that the average grade 71,8 with a percentage of 68,8% mastery learning, then increasing in around 2 the average value of 76,1 students into a class with a percentage of 78,1% completeness. The conclusion of this study that the use of cooperative learning methods Two Stay Two Stray can improve the learning outcomes of student grade fourth of State Elementary school Buncitan Sedati Sidoarjo.
JURIDICAL REVIEW OF THE AUTHORITY OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT IN RESOLUTION OF GENERAL ELECTION DISPUTES FOR REGIONAL HEAD
Authors: Micael Josviranto
Published: January 2021

purpose of this research is to find out what is the legal basis for the authority of the Constitutional Court in resolving disputes over the results of the General Election of Regional Heads in Indonesia and how the effectiveness of the authority of the Constitutional Court in disputes over Regional Head General Election. The method used in this research is juridical normative, namely, the materials collected by conducting a literature study. The authority of the Constitutional Court in judging at the first and last levels whose decisions are final in deciding disputes regarding general elections, there are several paragraphs that discuss the extent to which the authority of the Constitutional Court in resolving disputes over the General Election of Regional Heads has been contained in Article 157 of Law Number 10 2016 concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 1 of 2015 concerning Stipulation of Government Regulations in Lieu of Law Number 1 of 2014 concerning the Election of Governors, Regents and Mayors which form the legal basis for the authority of the Constitutional Court in resolving disputes over the results of the General Election in Indonesia.
APPLICATION OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING METHODS WITH THINK PAIR AND SHARE MODEL ON-LINE TYPE TO IMPROVE STUDENT COOPERATION
Authors: Moh. Sabab Nashrulloh
Published: January 2021

The Think Pair and Shairecooperative (TPS)learning method is a learning method in the form of group discussions which is commonly applied in face-to-face learning. It is new if the TPS model of cooperative learning method is applied in a network that remembers the pandemic situation and in the new learning year at school. Where the cooperative method becomes a discussion method that makes the cooperation of students more active and can socialize among new students in particular. This condition is necessary and good for students to increase cooperation and the socialization process between school friends. This study uses observation methods in data collection and uses cycle description methods in data analysis. This research generates new knowledge that cooperative research methods can be carried out in networks and using the Think Pair and Shaire model can positively increase cooperation between students and create a space for socialization among new students in particular.
Movimientos estudiantiles en América Latina: Ciclos de sincronía y desencuentros
Authors: Celi  Hidalgo Carlos
Published: January 2021

El texto tiene como objeto visualizar a grandes rasgos los diferentes ciclos que han conformado la historia de las organizaciones estudiantiles desde fines del siglo XIX hasta la primera década de la presente centuria. El escrito se concentra en las universidades consideradas emblemáticas de cinco países, así se tiene de norte a sur a  la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México -UNAM-, la Universidad de San Carlos - USAC, la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua -UNAN-, la Universidad Central del Ecuador -UCE- y a la Universidad de Buenos Aires -UBA-. La intención del artículo  radica en mostrar cómo los distintos periodos organizativos poseen ciclos de sincronía entre sí a pesar de todas las diferencias sociales, políticas y económicas que configuran la historia de cada país. También se evidencia cómo desde inicios de la década de los ochenta esta simetría se rompe y las universidades analizadas adquiere un derrotero diferente en términos de organización y movilización estudiantiles.
Ayer y hoy: la apuesta universitaria y juvenil por la revolución “say no more”
Authors: Acevedo Tarazona Álvaro , Correa-Lugos Andrés
Published: January 2021

Un fantasma recorre el mundo: el fantasma del ¡Say No More! Decir “no más” es una cuestión de rebeldía y voluntad. Así define Camus (1982) las cualidades que hacen posible la liberación del hombre y su espíritu. Ahora bien, la rebeldía y la voluntad modulan hace exactamente cincuenta años los hechos y las pretensiones para una nueva forma de ver el porvenir. Los exponentes de este cambio son los jóvenes de todo el mundo. El descontento va de la mano con un mundo de posibilidades, experiencias e ilusiones. Este artículo sintetiza y presenta al estudiantado como un actor en la búsqueda de resolver su devenir. Para ello, presenta a la universidad como un territorio donde se agrupan y desenvuelven históricamente generaciones estudiantiles movidas por la revolución y el deseo de cambio a partir del año de 1968. La movilización expresa cambios y puede, a su vez, mostrar una trazabilidad de aspiraciones y conceptos que emplean los jóvenes con un elemento en común: la necesidad de decir “no más”.
Historical and Geographic Factors of Institutional Quality: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Babar Zaheer Ahmed , Quddus Dr. Muhammad Abdul
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This paper contributes to the debate about historical and geographic factors of institutional quality. It used non-economic factors which caused institutional quality better or worse. These non-economic factors are geographic location, colonial background, fractionalization in religion, language and ethnic, legal system and abundant of natural resources. This study took 68 countries all around the world which have developed and developing countries and apply simple OLS and 2SLS technique to explore the determinants factors. The study decomposed institutional quality into economic, legal and political institutions. Fractionalization with level of development and under the colonial background has negative affected the institutional quality. Colonization has negative impact on Institutional Quality but under the level of development, colonization has insignificant impact on Institutional quality. In this study without level of development natural resources has negative impact but under the level of development it has insignificant impact on institutional quality except economic institutions. Without level of development, Geographic location is a significant impact on all three kind of Institutions in this study but under the level of development, it has insignificant impact.
IMPROVEMENT OF OFFICIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SURFACE LAYER DETAILS BY APPLICATION OF SURFACE PLASTIC DEFORMATION AND GASODYNAMYNAMYNAMINE
Authors: Matviychuk Viktor , Haidamak Oleg , Kolesnik Mykola
Published: January 2021

The article investigates changes in the characteristics of the surface layers of parts processed by methods of surface plastic deformation (SPD). It is shown that at SPD the strength and hardness characteristics of the material increase and residual compression stresses are formed. On the basis of the study of the stress-strain state of the material at the SPD, its non-monotonicity is established, which is manifested in the gradual change of sign of the components of deformations and stresses. In this regard, a tensor-nonlinear damage accumulation model was used to evaluate the deformability of the material, which takes into account the directional nature of the damage and the anisotropy of the plasticity of the deformed metal. Based on this model, an expression was obtained to determine the plasticity resource used in the case of multi-stage SPD. According to the results of the calculations, it is established that the maximum plasticity resource used in the SPD is at a depth of approximately 0.1 of the diameter of the plastic footprint of the tool, and destruction at full exhaustion of the plasticity resource occurs in the form of peeling of thin plates of appropriate thickness. Recommendations for displacement of the most reinforced layers to the surface of the workpiece are developed, as well as recommendations for limiting deformation by the amount of plasticity resource used. The conducted research allows to assign the optimal modes of SPD at the stage of technological process design.
A device for cold gas-dynamic spraying was developed and the possibility of creating antifriction sections using it was investigated. Graphs of dependence of geometrical parameters of the deposited layer on the sputtering distance are constructed and methods and schemes of preparation for deposition of the surface of the workpiece using SPD methods are developed. Experimental cold gas-dynamic spraying was carried out and optimal parameters of the process of spraying of antifriction layers of bronze and metal polymers (pressure, and the temperature of the compressed air and the temperature of the workpiece) on the formed roller surface were determined. A new concept of increasing the contact strength and durability of friction pairs is proposed.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE FORM AND DIMENSIONS OF THE CROSS-SECTION OF CLEANLESS TAPERS ON THE PROCESS OF EXTRACTING THREADS
Authors: Tokarchuk Oleksіі
Published: January 2021

The method of manufacturing internal threads with chipless taps, including mutual pumping of the tool and the workpiece, as in the manufacture of external thread profiles, so it cannot be entered into the knurling methods. Due to the specific features of the thread extrusion process, the study of the operational characteristics of rubber manufactured by chipless taps is of practical interest.
The extrusion of threads occurs at a temperature not reaching the temperature of recrystallization of the metal of the workpiece, however, the physic mechanical properties of the surface layer of the metal of the threaded profile change.
As a result of cold displacement of the threaded profile, the metal flows in the threaded contour. Extrusion of internal threads by chipless taps is a method of plastic deformation of a metal, in which a special tapping rod with a profile of the necessary thread is screwed into a workpiece opening, which has a diameter equal to approximately the average diameter of the thread. Under the action of torque, the tops of the turns of the tapered intake part of the tap penetrate the surface of the billet hole, the displaced metal moves in the radial direction, gradually increasing the height of the threaded profile.
The actual geometry of the vertices of the tool cross-section contour has a significant effect on the thread extrusion process. Depending on the ratio of the contact planes of the tool and the workpiece, depending on the permissible amount of backing, the greatest torque is observed in hexagonal taps, and the smallest in trihedral taps.
Depending on the accepted backing value, the ratio between the lengths and areas of the contacting sections, and accordingly, the ratio between the torques for taps with a different number of faces, also changes. It should be noted that in addition to the magnitude of the torque, the second parameter characterizing the process of extruding threads is the stability of the taps, which is not directly related to the magnitude of the torque, then the optimal number of faces is n = 3. If the optimal number of faces simultaneously satisfies two criteria (minimum torque and maximum tool life), then the optimal number of faces is determined experimentally in a specific case
CULTIVATOR DEVELOPMENT FOR NEW SOIL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Sereda Leonid , Shvets Ludmila , Shvets Oleksandr
Published: January 2021

Most scientists in the field of agronomy, especially abroad, with the emergence of the latest technologies No-till and Strip-till, called them revolutionary in crop production, yes, along with economic indicators, these technologies retain the fertile potential of the soil. This is achieved through less soil damage due to the minimum number of technological operations, as well as the obligatory cover of the field with plant residues after harvesting. American scientists have shown that with the correct application of these technologies, the main indicator of soil quality - humus does not decrease, but on the contrary - increases. This article analyzes the work of Strip-till units in Ukraine and proposes a KFG-3,6 soil tillage unit developed by scientists from the Department of Agroengineering and Technical Services.
The main means that can prevent the loss of fertility of the earth is the introduction of energy saving and fertile technologies. The factors of soil injury and maximum cover of soil with plant residues were laid. The most well-known technologies are the technologies, quite widespread in the USA and Canada, where more than 50% of the land is cultivated, and also in Argentina where they make more than 50%. In Europe, countries such as Germany, France and the UK will cultivate about 10% of land, and in Ukraine will cultivate consist - only 5%.
Strip-till technology came to Europe from the United States, where its No-till technology predecessor. At present, almost half of the largest corn crop in the United States is owned by Strip-till.
No-till and Strip-till technologies are widely used in crop production. The main argument is to maintain fertility through compulsory soil cover. The Department of Agroengineering and Technical Service of the Vinnytsia NAU has for many years taught a course of lectures for masters on low-cost and environmentally promising technologies in crop production. Manufacturers of Kalina-Agromash agricultural machinery in Vinnytsia region are interested in developing a modernized KFG-3,6 cultivator for Strip-till technology, which is partially covered in this article.
JUSTIFICATION OF THE WAREHOUSE OF FERMENTED PRODUCTS USING VEGETABLE FILLERS
Authors: Solomon Alla , Polievoda Yurii
Published: January 2021

To create fermented products, it is necessary to determine the composition of highly efficient cultures of microorganisms, which, along with high productivity, have a high and diverse biochemical activity. The correct choice of biologically active strains of bifido- and lacto cultures for the production of fermented dairy products allows to obtain a quality that meets the requirements of regulatory documents.
One of the promising areas of fermented milk fermented products is the development of complex yeasts based on consortia of probiotic bacteria of different taxonomic groups, which are more resistant to adverse environmental factors and have higher activity compared to yeasts made using pure monocultures. The selection criteria for strains for fermentation compositions are their biological activity, ie the ability to provide the predicted functional effect on the human body, as well as technological parameters that will obtain dessert fermented milk products with certain physicochemical and rheological properties.
The article scientifically researches and substantiates the composition of pro- and prebiotics, the influence of the bifidostimulating component and the stabilizing system on the quality indicators of fermented dessert products, developed technologies of sour milk desserts based on a consortium of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. Since milk is an unfavorable environment for the development of most microorganisms - representatives of the normal bacterial flora of the human gastrointestinal tract and does not contain low molecular weight compounds necessary for the development of microorganisms, and most bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus, Lactococcus and Bifidobacterium are obligate in milk oxygen, they develop very slowly in milk. The conducted researches allowed to develop recipes and technologies of production of fermented desserts on milk and milk-flour basis, with the use of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, as well as bifidostimulants, structurants and fruit - berry fillers, which retain high biological value, delicate texture, taste and aroma for 15 days.
OVERVIEW OF TECHNOLOGIES AND TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT FOR HAYME PROCESSING
Authors: Shargorodskiy Serhiy , Yanishevskiy Vasyliy , Yalina Olga
Published: January 2021

Fodder production is one of the most important sectors of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine, the pace and scientific and technical level of development of which largely determines the solution of the country's food problem, full satisfaction of the population's food needs.
A limiting factor for the development of this industry is the lack of efficient, easy-to-use and cheap equipment for collecting, raking, stirring, and pressing domestically produced hay, which would be able to compete with foreign analogues.
The publication is devoted to the development of a hydraulic drive of the working bodies of the rake of a thief. The analysis of the designs of the existing machines for raking hay into rolls is carried out. A characteristic feature of these machines is the presence of specialized working bodies and the need to ensure a given frequency of their rotation.
The proposed hydraulic scheme for the drive of the working bodies. The hydraulic drive consists of a variable displacement pumping station, a hydraulic flow divider and two hydraulic motors. The use of this drive allows to simplify the layout of the machine and provide an efficient drive in compliance with all process requirements. In addition, the use of a hydraulic drive allows you to increase the number of working bodies, thereby increasing the width of the rake - hackers. The introduction of these changes in the design of this unit will allow to reduce the number of passes of the rake-hacker and pick-up press across the field, thereby ensuring fuel economy. As the review of literary sources shows, the issues of collecting and storing hay are relevant not only for our country, but also for other European countries. The designs of domestic rakes - hackers are morally obsolete, do not meet modern agrotechnical requirements, have a small working width and require frequent repair and maintenance.
Based on the results of the analysis of the designs of the drives of the working bodies of the rake - hackers, a hydraulic scheme for the drive of the working bodies was proposed. A feature of this hydraulic drive is the presence of a throttle flow distributor with the possibility of smooth flow control.
MODEL OF OPTIMIZATION OF FUNCTIONING OF MODERN POLYGRAPHIC AND PUBLISHING COMPLEXES
Authors: Sevostyanov Ivan , Pidlypna Maryna
Published: January 2021

Analysis of known methods and modern equipment for printing and publishing (sheet rotary machines, roll machines, flat-printing and platen machines for flat impression block, relief, intaglio and digital printing) is conducted in this article. In a result of the analysis article authors have to make a conclusion, that most prospective equipment for automated printing and publishing complexes are: high-performance sheet and roll machines, in that number crucible, flatbed and rotary three-cylinder machines and also single-layer and multi-layer sectional machines, digital laser and inkjet machines. Authors propose a mathematical model of an automated optimization system of functioning of modern printing and publishing companies. In the model are used databases with information about orders (quantity, volumes, content, terms of orders fulfillment, admissible prime value and characteristics of quality of finished products), production capacities of printing and publishing enterprises of the region (destination, quantity and productivity of equipment, its technological capabilities, loading with other orders, service life), as well as additional data about value of transportation and storage of ready products, the possibility and feasibility of transferring orders to other enterprises and more. The elaborated model can be used as a basis for creation of a computer program for automated synthesis and analysis of functioning optimization of modern printing and publishing companies in the region to improve their efficiency, as well as for help customers of printing products in selection of optimal variants of orders fulfillment. The modeling results will allow to rationalize the utilization of enterprises capacity, to reduce the value of finished products, to ensure their proper quality, to avoid of disruptions during of peak periods of enterprises loading, to reduce the value of repair and maintenance of the complex equipment.
ANALYSIS OF THE POWER BALANCE OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEM FOR GRINDING AGRICULTURAL PLANT WASTE
Authors: Kupchuk Ihor , Tokarchuk Oleksii , Hontar Volodymyr , Didyk Andrii
Published: January 2021

Despite some decisions approved by the Government of Ukraine to address the problems of efficient and environmentally sound solid waste management, in particular those that accumulate as a result of economic activity of the agro-industrial complex of the state, their practical implementation of measures declared by the Government is currently low. levels. Among a number of deterrents, the main ones include: lack of centralized recycling facilities and economically accessible for small facilities technical and technological base of waste processing, ineffective environmental control and the necessary management practices.
However, vegetable waste is not always used, although it is a valuable raw material that can be used as a raw material for the production of fuel pellets, which will significantly reduce the energy dependence of the enterprise. An integral part of the technological cycle of processing plant residues into fuel briquettes is the preparation of biomass for briquetting in order to ensure the required particle size.
Given the strategic importance of the formation of material and technical base to ensure highly efficient processing of agricultural waste of plant origin, as well as high energy consumption, which marks the traditional preparation of biomass for briquetting, there is a need for research to solve the problem of energy efficient grinding of structurally heterogeneous materials. high moisture content, which determines the relevance of the article. Thus, in order to achieve high efficiency of the process of grinding waste of plant origin, promising ways to reduce the energy consumption of this process based on the energy balance of the vibratory crusher rotor type and analysis of relationships between elements of the structural block diagram of the energy balance of the technological system "Vibration-rotor crusher - the processed environment ".
RESEARCH OF RESIDUAL LIFETIME OF DIESEL ENGINES FUEL INJECTION EQUIPMENT BY MEANS OF FUEL INJECTION MATHEMATIC SIMULATION
Authors: Muzychuk Vasyl , Komaha Vitaliy , Tokarchuk Oleksii , Kukharchuk Oleksandr
Published: January 2021

On the basis of the engineering practices of the last 3-4 decades, it is known, tested and proven that, while mathematical models provide reliable descriptions of processes, cycles or physical phenomena, in theoretical research the theory of small deviations is comprehensively preferable to any experiment on regulating characteristics.
Considering the fact that all parameters and characteristics are sometimes interconnected by nonlinear dependences, it is impossible to distinguish the influence of a specific parameter on the sought-for value, and can be even hazardous if the determinant argument or its derivative has extreme values.
The role of mathematic simulation to determine the residual lifetime of the fuel injection equipment of diesel engines was established. It was also noted that for a reliable description of the processes going on in the fuel injection equipment it is advisable to use the method of small deviations.
The mathematical model is based on the known physical laws that describe the interdependence of the two groups of parameters: engine variables and performance parameters - both within the groups and between them. The transition of classical differential equations describing the processes of fuel supply and injection taking into account fuel leaks in precision pairs to the equations with small deviations of parameters is shown.
An analysis of correlations between the parameters of injection, fuel supply and fuel leakage was carried out and the most influential parameters were found. The influence coefficients are found and correlations between the influence coefficients and the corresponding parameters are constructed. We used the correlations found to describe the influence of the technical condition of precision pairs on the engine performance indicators. The correlations between the change in injection patterns and small deviations of the parameters describing technical condition of precision pairs are also established.
Language, History, Ideology and Power Relations Used in Bullfighting Praise Poetry: A Case Study of Kakamega County, Kenya
Authors: Kibigo Mary Lukamika
Published: January 2021

Language is a people’s culture and it cannot be discussed singly without associating it to a certain community. The concept of bullfighting in the Isukha Community, Shinyalu Sub- County of Kakamega County in Kenya has a long history as it involves chanting of words that portray masculinity in this community. The Isukha praise poetry that is chanted during the Shilembe ritual and the indigenous sport of Mayo is one of the ways in which masculinity is portrayed during bullfighting. In this praise poetry, language, history, ideology and power relations are portrayed by the artists. This article highlights the application of the Masculinity theory and Critical Discourse Analysis theory in the analysis of the language, history, ideology and power relations used in praise poetry during the ritual of Shilembe and the indigenous sport of Mayo to portray masculinity. Praise poetry was used because it is a genre that is commonly used during bullfighting; it is unique and peculiar in this context.
A Drug Release Mechanism Controlled by Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Balance of the Matrix. Theoretical and Experimental Perspectives
Authors: Himiniuc Loredana , Agop Maricel , Ghizdovat Vlad , Paun Maria-Alexandra , Paun Vladimir-Alexandru , Baciu Constantin , Paun Viorel-Puiu , Toma Bogdan
Published: January 2021

Controlled drug release is a promising pathway of biomedicine, meant to suppress side effects with the aim of increasing patient s comfort. A route to achieve this goal represents the encapsulation of drugs into matrixes, capable to develop physical forces, which further can control the drugs release. To this purpose, mathematical modeling is an important tool, which offers the possibility to understand the drug release mechanisms and to further design new performant systems. In this paper, a theoretical model for drug release from an amphiphilic matrix is presented. This is achieved using a conservation multifractal law of probability density followed by validation of the model. Moreover, because non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as diclofenac, are widely used in endometriosis as painkillers for dysmenorrhea management or Asherman syndrome for reducing the endometrial inflammation, some implications of our model for drug delivery systems applied in the field of gynecology have been discussed.
Studies on the Mechanical Parameters of Denture Base Acrylic Resins
Authors: Diaconu-Popa Diana , Vitalariu Anca , Tatarciuc Monica , Fratila Dragos
Published: January 2021

The acrylic resins are the materials most frequently used for dentures realization, which allow to obtain resistant prosthetic constructions with a suitable aesthetic appearance. Depending on the polymerization mechanism, these resins are classified in self-curing, heat-curing or light-curing materials. In order to obtain a properly cured resin with a good mechanical strength, it is necessary to know the properties of the material, the correct dosage of the components and the strict observance of the curing regime. This article aims to evaluate the mechanical parameters of two main categories of resins frequently used in dental practice for removable dentures realization - heat-curing and self-curing resins. For this purpose, the tensile strength and the fracture strength, the Young s modulus values, the surface roughness were analyzed comparatively. The results demonstrate that, after processing and finishing, both types of resins have similar structures and no significant differences regarding the mechanical behavior are registered.
Effect of Moisture Content of Green Sand on The Casting Defects
Authors: Qosim Nanang , Mufarrih AM , Sai’in Ali , Firdaus A. Hanif , Andika F. A. Fina , Monasari Ratna , Emzain Zakki F.
Published: January 2021

In this study, three percentages of moisture content on the green sand were benchmarked to be observed their effects on the casting defects. The metal used is scrap Al-Si with wt% of Al 59.7. The metal was melted in a furnace at 550 ºC then poured into sand molds and cooled for 24 hours before it can be removed, cleaned, and finished. There were prepared three specimens for each benchmark. Qualitative observation of defects was done by physical observations on the surface of the specimens. The observations show that on the moisture content of 2.5%, there is a defect in the form of porosity. Defects in the form of drops, misruns, blowholes, and shrinkage cavity are found on the benchmark 3.5%. The most severe defects are found on the benchmark 4.5% in the form of buckles and severe shrinkage cavities that are found in almost all specimens.
Estrategias para la transformación del dolor desde la experiencia de mujeres afrocolombianas víctimas sobrevivientes
Authors: Cruz Castillo Alba Lucía , Calderón Alejandra , Castellano Isabela , Flórez Sonia
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo da cuenta de los procesos agenciados por mujeres afrocolombianas víctimas sobrevivientes de violencia sexual y desplazamiento en el contexto del conflicto colombiano para sanar su dolor, en los cuales, haciendo uso de sus saberes ancestrales, de sus formas de tejer comunidad y relacionarse potencian procesos políticos, de visibilización y de resistencia a una violencia que no solo ha traspasado el cuerpo sino también su núcleo familiar y comunitario; el artículo por lo tanto se centra en los procesos que desde su rol de víctimas sobrevivientes las mujeres han elaborado y desde las cuales esposible reflexionar sobre las distintas interseccionalidades presentes al leer la violencia hacia ellas.
The Image of Růžena Maturová in the Iconography Collection of the Bedřich Smetana Museum
Authors: Plecitá Jana
Published: January 2021

The article summarises the results attained so far through research and expert processing of the photographs held in the iconography collections of the Bedřich Smetana Museum. It provides information about Růžena Maturová (1869–1938) including previously unpublished details about the period of her life after the end of her career as an opera singer at the National Theatre in Prague (1910–1938), concerning Maturová’s performing in silent film (1920–1922), her work in healthcare services (1914–1920), and her sociocultural activities in support of retired soloists from the National Theatre in Prague (at the Na Slovanech Cinema, 1920–1938). The subject matter of the study is a photo album titled R. Maturová. In many cases, comparisons of the photographs from this album with other available sources have enabled the recognition of persons not previously identified in portraits, more exact determination of dating and provenience, and the identification of photography studios.
Membangun Kesadaran Diri Generasi Muda akan Budaya Positif Melalui Penggunaan Media Sosial
Authors: Natalia El Chris
Published: January 2021

Perkembangan teknologi dan maraknya penggunaan media sosial dapat menimbulkan adanya pergeseran budaya yang tidak disadari individu. Untuk mencegah terjadinya pergeseran budaya ke arah yang negatif, di mana menghilangkan budaya asli atau budaya yang terkait dengan nilai-nilai dan norma-norma yang telah dianut, maka diperlukan sebuah upaya untuk membangun kesadaran dalam diri individu mengenai perkembangan teknologi pada media sosial. Berdasarkan hal ini, maka diadakanlah kegiatan sosialisasi dan pelatihan dengan tema umum, yaitu “Digital Challenge, Social Media, and Journalism”. Kegiatan ini ditujukan bagi generasi muda Sumba. Tujuan dari sosialisasi dan pelatihan ini adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman generasi muda di Sumba mengenai dampak media sosial dan membangun kesadaran diri generasi muda untuk menjaga budaya yang positif melalui penggunaan media sosial. Sosialisasi dan pelatihan ini diadakan di Kantor Bupati Sumba Barat, NTT dan dihadiri oleh 100 peserta. Kegiatan sosialisasi dan pelatihan berjalan dengan lancar dan peserta antusias untuk saling berbagi dan berdiskusi mengenai penggunaan media sosial.
A new genus of ultra-elongate freshwater mussels from Vietnam and eastern China (Bivalvia: Unionidae)
Authors: Bolotov Ivan N. , Kondakov Alexander V. , Konopleva Ekaterina S. , Vikhrev Ilya V.
Published: January 2021

I this paper Sinosolenaia gen. nov. a new genus of ultra-elongate freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) is described from Vietnam and eastern China.