bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The natural history of Calyptraea aurita (Reeve, 1859) from Southern Chile (Gastropoda, Calyptraeidae)
Authors: Holtheuer Jorge , Aldea Cristian , Schories Dirk , Gallardo Carlos
Published: November 2018

Hard bottom communities of the Reloncaví Estuary and adjacent areas, Region de los Lagos, Chile (42°S), were studied between 2008 and 2011. All hard substrates between the lower intertidal and 25 m depth were dominated by the calyptraeid gastropods,CrepipatelladilatataandC.fecunda. Epibenthic coverage of the hard bottoms markedly decreased further down with the exception of vertical cliffs. In a depth range between 26 to 48 m repeatedly dense patches of another calyptraeid species,Calyptraeaaurita(Reeve, 1859), were observed. Densities reached up to 1475 individuals m-2and covered up to 50 % of the rock surfaces. In shallower depthsC.auritawas not present. However, despite its huge abundance,C.auritahas not been documented for more than 150 years in the southeastern Pacific, being described superficially by Reeve, through only shell characteristics. Here, we redescribe and compare it with other members of the family Calyptraeidae through characteristics of shell, radula, and soft parts, including also details of the egg mass and intracapsular development of their embryos. Males were mobile and females sessile. Shell size ranged from 6.6 to 12.4 mm for immature individuals, from 10.6 to 24.9 mm for males, 15.1 to 25.9 mm for intersex individuals, and from 21.0 to 39.6 mm for females. Up to three individuals stacked together were found, always presenting a female at the base with up to a maximum of two male individuals above. Laboratory studies demonstrated thatC.auritahas an indirect larval development, liberating planktotrophic larvae with a bilobed ciliated velum into the water column. A transplantation experiment demonstrated that survival, growth, and reproduction ofC.auritais also possible in depths shallower than its normal distribution. The geographic distribution ofC.aurita, was previously only known as being from Valparaíso (33°S) and is now extended down to the Reloncaví Sound (41°S).
Description of a new deep-water dogfish shark from Hawaii, with comments on the Squalus mitsukurii species complex in the West Pacific
Authors: Daly-Engel Toby S. , Koch Amber , Anderson James M. , Cotton Charles F. , Grubbs R. Dean
Published: November 2018

Dogfish sharks of the genusSqualusare small, deep-water sharks with a slow rate of molecular evolution that has led to their designation as a series of species complexes, with low between-species diversity relative to other taxa. The largest of these complexes is named for the Shortspine spurdog (SqualusmitsukuriiJordan & Snyder), a medium-sized dogfish shark common to warm upper slope and seamount habitats, with a putative circumglobal distribution that has come under investigation recently due to geographic variation in morphology and genetic diversity. The Hawaiian population ofSqualusmitsukuriiwas examined using both morphological and molecular analyses, putting this group in an evolutionary context with animals from the type population in Japan and closely-related congeners. External morphology differs significantly between the Hawaiian and JapaneseS.mitsukurii, especially in dorsal fin size and relative interdorsal length, and molecular analysis of 1,311 base pairs of the mitochondrial genes ND2 and COI show significant, species-level divergence on par with other taxonomic studies of this genus. The dogfish shark in Hawaii represents a new species in the genus, and the nameSqualushawaiiensis, the Hawaiian spurdog, is designated after the type location.
Transformer la crise en occasion : le quotidien d’un centre d’accueil et de crise
Authors: Gougoulis Nicolas
Published: November 2018

En appui sur une étude clinique et sur la littérature actuelle sur le sujet, l’auteur explore les particularités d’un fonctionnement en crise des patients état limite. La prise en charge en institution devient un terrain favorable d’accueil pouvant cependant reproduire, voire amplifier les clivages et les projections des patients. L’équipe d’un centre de crise est dans l’obligation d’inventer des réponses cliniques adaptées pour transformer la crise en occasion de réflexion et par là même ouvrir la possibilité d’une dimension psychothérapeutique du travail psychique.
Les produits alimentaires locaux, des éléments de l’authenticité de l’expérience touristique
Authors: Salvador Marielle
Published: November 2018

Cet article étudie la manière dont les produits locaux participent à l’authenticité perçue d’une expérience touristique. L’authenticité de l’expérience touristique et les représentations d’authenticité du produit local sont développées dans la revue de littérature. Une étude qualitative a été entreprise. L’analyse des résultats obtenus met en avant la proximité perçue du produit local avec le lieu de production comme un élément majeur de cette perception d’authenticité de l’expérience vécue sur le lieu de séjour. Cette proximité va, en outre, favoriser des liens sociaux qui participent aussi à cette authenticité perçue. Enfin, les produits locaux constituent des outils au service de la co-construction de l’authenticité perçue d’une expérience touristique.
L’ambidextrie comme mode de résolution des tensions distance/proximité : le cas du fonctionnement d’une administration ultramarine
Authors: Honoré Lionel , Frank Laurence
Published: November 2018

Cet article examine les effets de distance et de proximité sur le fonctionnement de l’organisation en mobilisant le cadre théorique de l’ambidextrie organisationnelle. Il s’appuie sur l’étude du cas du Haut-Commissariat de la République en Polynésie Française. Les résultats ont permis d’identifier trois formes particulières d’ambidextrie déployées par les agents opérationnels en tant que capacités déterminantes de l’efficacité organisationnelle dans un contexte de tensions distance/proximité.
Marcel Hénaff, philosophe et anthropologue
Authors: Fistetti Francesco
Published: November 2018

Ce bref article attire l’attention sur l’originalité herméneutique et épistémologique de la pensée de Marcel Hénaff : le regard anthropologique qu’il a constamment cultivé au sein de son approche de l’histoire de la philosophie occidentale. Cela produit des effets de connaissance extraordinaires : d’une part, la découverte que la question du don et de la donation est la question originaire de la philosophie depuis Anaximandre jusqu’à Husserl, Heidegger, Derrida, Marion ou Ricœur, et, d’autre part, la mise en évidence de la limite de la philosophie parce que cette dernière, dans sa démarche, efface les savoirs historiques et scientifiques tels que l’anthropologie de Mauss et l’importance du don cérémoniel.
Place et rôle de la circulation non marchande en milieu rural dans le nord du Viêt Nam : un élément central de la société ?
Authors: Pannier Emmanuel
Published: November 2018

Cet article examine la place et le rôle de la circulation non marchande de biens et de services dans les zones rurales du nord du Viêt Nam. Il est généralement considéré dans la littérature scientifique que, dans les sociétés industrielles, le développement de l’État, du salariat et du marché a relégué la circulation non marchande à une place secondaire, voire résiduelle, dans la reproduction sociale et économique de la société. Or le cas vietnamien indique que, depuis l’ouverture à l’économie de marché, les flux sont fréquents et intenses, les sommes qui circulent sont substantielles et le dispositif remplit des fonctions sociales et économiques importantes. Ces éléments se combinent pour attribuer à la circulation non marchande une place centrale dans le fonctionnement des sociétés locales.
Échanges ou élaboration des relations ? Les cérémonies kanak (Kanaky Nouvelle-Calédonie. Océanie)
Authors: Monnerie Denis
Published: November 2018

Afin de construire un modèle de cérémonies kanak, institutions centrales du monde kanak au nord de la région de Hoot ma Whaap en Nouvelle-Calédonie, ce texte propose de mettre de côté les concepts classiques du monde euro-américain comme l’échange, le don, la dette (etc.). Ces cérémonies, qui sont des composantes de la socialité primaire du monde kanak, élaborent des relations entre les humains et avec le monde qui peuvent être analysées en termes de modes opératoires, une approche adaptée aux conceptions kanak. Cette approche dynamique montre comment les transferts et circulations de prestations composites – verbales et non verbales –, avec leurs dimensions visuelle, tactile, significative et intellectuelle, élaborent des relations qui partagent la plupart de ces caractéristiques. Ce modèle anthropologique comparatif est proposé pour certains aspects des civilisations océanienne et indonésienne.
Pour une ethno-trichologie tibétaine
Authors: Bromberger Christian
Published: November 2018

Cheveux et poils, ces excroissances corporelles dont on peut modifier la forme sans grand risque, véhiculent quatre grands types d’informations : sur les statuts sexuels et les différences entre les genres, différences en général creusées par les sociétés ; sur les identités ethniques, sociales et personnelles ; sur l’ordre et le désordre, sur la norme et la marge au sein d’une société ; sur les tendances esthétiques à une époque donnée. L’auteur esquisse le cadre d’une ethno-trichologie générale, en l’assortissant d’exemples puisés dans différents contextes culturels. Symbolisant appartenance et manière d’être, le traitement des cheveux et poils est un sujet hautement polémique (entre générations, populations, membres d’une même société aux idéologies opposées).
Rapport 2018 de la l’Agence des droits fondamentaux de l’Union européenne : un bilan mitigé mais résolument optimiste
Authors: Le Feuvre Victoire , Nollet Étamine , Lacroix Pauline , Muller Mathilde
Published: November 2018

La protection des droits fondamentaux au sein de l’Union européenne a fait l’objet de nombreux débats en 2017, et a été sujette à des améliorations comme à des régressions. Ce sont justement ces variations que l’Agence des droits fondamentaux de l’Union européenne (FRA) était chargée de mettre en lumière à travers une étude thématique. Il ressort donc du rapport de 2018 un mouvement nouveau au centre duquel se trouve l’individu, égal à ses pairs dans la jouissance de ses droits. Nonobstant, il semble que le rapport se contente d’un état des lieux timide, et n’apporte aucune proposition quant aux problématiques toujours délaissées. Aussi, si la collaboration de la FRA avec un large éventail d’acteurs nationaux, régionaux et internationaux permet de bénéficier d’une vision privilégiée, il n’en reste pas moins que ses ambitions en termes de communication et de promotion des droits de l’Homme sont peu concrétisées. Le rapport met ainsi en exergue le manque de moyens mis à la disposition de la FRA pour agir à la faveur des droits fondamentaux, et non plus seulement étayer les analyses similaires sur la protection des droits de l’Homme.
Historia sin Literatura: un estudio comparativo de los proyectos historiográficos modernos en la Europa septentrional
Authors: García López Inés
Published: November 2018

Los proyectos de construcción histórica del origen de los pueblos en los países de la Europa septentrional hasta el siglo XVI están inspirados en los relatos míticos clásicos. Estos relatos fundacionales se mantienen en la Edad Media y no es hasta la publicación de la Britannia del historiador inglés William Camden en 1586 que se produce un punto de inflexión hacia un cambio de paradigma en los estudios historiográficos. Un siglo más tarde, la Rerum Danicarum Historia del historiador danés Johannes Pontanus continuará la estela de la nueva propuesta de escritura de la historia iniciada en el trabajo de Camden y consolidará este proyecto en la narración del pasado de los países escandinavos. Un proyecto que implicará la desmitificación del pasado histórico y que comenzará a dibujar los límites fronterizos entre historia y literatura. Este artículo realizará un estudio comparativo de los proyectos de escritura de la historia en estos países para mostrar de qué manera las obras de Camden y Pontanus suponen un giro en la historia de la historiografía y en los proyectos identitarios y políticos de dichos países.
De las memorias del príncipe Lichnowsky a las novelas de Raül Garrigasait y Joan Perucho
Authors: Torra Pere
Published: November 2018

Els estranys (Los extraños) (2017), de Raül Garrigasait, es una novela que entronca con el universo literario de Joan Perucho, en particular, con Les històries naturals (Las historias naturales) (1960), considerada como una de las mejores novelas catalanas del siglo XX. Ambas obras coinciden en incorporar como personaje a Felix von Lichnowsky, un joven príncipe prusiano que participó como voluntario en la primera guerra carlista, telón de fondo de ambas ficciones. En Els estranys el narrador recibe el encargo de traducir Recuerdos de la Guerra Carlista (1837-1839), libro de memorias de Lichnowsky. Esta obra, en términos genettianos, resulta hipotexto, de carácter parcial, tanto de Les històries naturals como de Els estranys. El objetivo del artículo consiste en comparar la representación de este período de la primera guerra carlista en ambas obras de ficción y analizar el tratamiento que dan en cada caso al libro escrito por el príncipe prusiano. Aunque hay bastantes diferencias en el enfoque de Perucho y Garrigasait, se observa cierta confluencia. Ambas obras utilizan la ironía e incrementan la alteridad y la extrañeza de las situaciones con la presencia del príncipe alemán respecto el conflicto civil español del siglo XIX, con numerosas similitudes con los siglos XX y XXI.
Overcoming sexuality. Ideology & Masculinity in Iraqi Fiction before and after 2003
Authors: Khammas Hanan Jasim
Published: November 2018

Televised images of tortured and violated bodies during and after the US invasion of Iraq in 2003 altered the conceptualization of the body in Iraqi public space and, more visibly, in contemporary fiction. Iraqi modern fiction prior to the invasion used a recurrent representation to depict the body as an ideological exposition hall for masculine agents, where they expressed political concerns in sexual anxieties. Contemporary Iraqi fiction offers new employment of masculinity. In this article1 I provide a brief analysis of two extracts from The Corpse Washer (2010) by Sinan Antoon and Al-Rajʿ Al-Baīd “The Long Way Back” (1980) by Fou’ād Al-Tikerly, where I argue that contemporary Iraqi fiction establishes revolutionary and creative links between ideology and masculinity2.
Feminismo, sujeto moral y violencia: una trayectoria por la construcción de la violencia en la obra de Virginie Despentes
Authors: Muñiz Mairal Estella
Published: November 2018

En el presente artículo se analiza, desde el prisma de las nuevas subjetividades morales dibujadas por la teoría feminista contemporánea, la evolución que realiza la reapropiación del concepto de violencia por parte de los personajes creados por Virginie Despentes, en un marco de revolución social más allá de la estructura patriarcal. A lo largo de la línea discursiva que, de Baise-moi (1999) llega hasta Apocalypse Bébé (2010) pasando por la reflexión metodológica de Teoría King Kong (2007), adquirirá especial importancia el eje de narración a partir del cual la violencia deja de ser un medio más o menos justificable para convertirse en una forma de expresión contra un sistema intrínsecamente violento. Paralelamente a este eje central, se situarán Paradoxia: A Predator's Diary (Lunch, 1997) y SCUM Manifesto (Solanas, 2013), a modo de articulación de un círculo de escritoras feministas que toman la violencia como una nueva forma de creación de subjetividades desplazadas de la cultura patriarcal.
Entre el ensayo y la práctica enciclopédica: El Essai sur les mœurs et l’esprit des nations de Voltaire y el Kosmos de Alexander von Humboldt
Authors: Herrera Adrián
Published: November 2018

Fuertemente marcados por la Ilustración, tanto Voltaire como Alexander von Humboldt persiguieron un programa intelectual de vastos intereses disciplinarios y temáticos. Respectivas obras como Essai sur les mœurs et l’esprit des nations (Ginebra, 1756) y el Kosmos. Entwurf einer physischen Beschreibung der Welt (Stuttgart, 1845-1862) fueron concebidas con el objetivo de presentar a su público el mayor conocimiento posible sobre, respectivamente, la historia de la Humanidad y la historia del conocimiento. Si bien ambas obras magnas están escritas como ensayos, una lectura distante (distant reading, según la define Franco Moretti) revela en qué medida sus autores ponen en marcha diversas estrategias enciclopédicas que pueden permitirnos entenderlas como tal.
Big Data Analytics
Authors: Vanani Iman Raeesi , Mohammadipour Faezeh
Published: November 2018

The idea that we can get value from data has been discussed, but the main challenge is to use data effectively in order to facilitate smarter and better decision making and surpass our competitors. The change leaders in organization are now dealing with big data from both within and outside the enterprise, including structured and unstructured data, machine data, online and mobile data to supplement their organizational data pool and provide and facilitate the way through which the businesses can compete and operate successfully. Companies that invest in big data can have a distinct advantage over their competitors. Therefore, in this chapter, the concepts of big data analytics along with the relevant description of different categorization, capabilities, challenges are firstly explained, and then big data analytics techniques and methods are introduced and discussed to make the readers familiar with the way big data is applied in the enterprises.
Images of Norway as a Tourist Destination From Russian Travel Bloggers' Perspective
Authors: Klimova Ekaterina , Lee Young-Sook
Published: November 2018

Tourism is increasingly becoming an important sector to be considered when it comes to discussing the sustainable development of the Arctic. This chapter presents a research into the image of Norway—one of the Arctic nations—as a tourist destination. The image is traced through a qualitative study of Russian travel blog sites. Results from the study widen the understanding of Russian tourists' interests in Norway. The findings also highlight the process of image formation of Norway as an Arctic destination by the Russian travel bloggers.
Conventional and Deep-Water Shipping Passages Along the Northern Sea Route
Authors: Afonin Andrey , Olkhovik Evgeniy , Tezikov Alexander
Published: November 2018

The chapter presents a description of conventional and deep-water shipping routes within the water areas of the Northern Sea Route (NSR). There are provided the evaluation of the hydrographical survey of the Arctic Ocean seabed with respect to navigational safety along with the summary of the principal factors affecting the efficiency and safety of shipping in the polar water. The chapter discusses the current situation and major development tendencies of the NSR, in particular the forecasted growth of navigation intensity, increase of the shares of high ice-strengthened heavy-tonnage vessels and hazardous cargoes in transportation, and spread of the year-round navigation zone to the East. Some of the research findings obtained during the previous decade at the Arctic Faculty of Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping are provided. The assessment of the effects of shallows and ice on the working capacity of the NSR for deep-draft vessels is provided.
Russian Arctic Cities' Sustainable Development Strategies
Authors: Sergunin Alexander
Published: November 2018

The main research objective of this chapter is to examine sustainable development strategies (SDSs) of urban centers of the Arctic Zone of Russia (AZRF). There are three specific purposes for this analysis: first, to evaluate the scope and focus of such strategies; second, to find out whether these strategies are efficient or not and whether they improve the situation in the particular city or not; third, to understand whether these policies are of short-term/single-issue character or they represent forward-looking/comprehensive strategies. The Arctic municipalities view building SDSs as an important policy priority for themselves. They have tried to create proper legal and institutional settings for the development and implementation of such strategies. They have made great strides in implementing some sustainability-related projects over the last 10 to 15 years. There was a clear shift from survival/reactive to capacity-building/proactive SDSs. Despite some residual problems and shortcomings, AZRF cities' SDSs evolve in a rather dynamic and positive way.
Forensic Support in Remote Territories of Russian Arctic
Authors: Kuznetsov Semyon
Published: November 2018

The chapter covers the relevant aspects of education and training of medical specialist to work in the northern territories remote from the administrative centers. The chapter reveals the problem of insufficient basic training in forensic medicine for the specialists living and working in geographically isolated areas of the Arctic zone of Russia. The author outlines the contradictions between the provisions on forensic medical training, declared educational standards, and requirements of the criminal procedures set by the Russian legislation. In the case of circumpolar territories in Russia, the author attempts to elaborate possible ways of solution of the specified problems.
Deposit Insurance
Authors: Nayak Sushma , Behl Abhishek , Behl Aastha
Published: November 2018

Deposit insurance is intended for providing security to depositors from the standpoint of averting bank runs. It is crucial for nations to examine their institutional environment, banking structure, and regulatory framework before insuring deposits in the interest of maintaining market discipline. In the case of India, while Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation (DICGC) has been contributing appreciably to the stability of Indian banking system by safeguarding depositors against possible loss of their entitled deposits with insured banks, the system is based on “paybox” mandate and affords limited conditional protection to depositors. Guided by the need for a stronger resolution mechanism, the Indian government introduced the Financial Resolution and Deposit Insurance (FRDI) Bill in August 2017, which had its own share of controversies, conceivably the most confounded provisions being the bail-in clause and omission of explicit declaration of maximum coverage. The economic and political pressures, however, led to the dropping of the Bill in July 2018, thus creating further vacuum in an already underprovided deposit protection.
Importance of Risk Management and Risk Management Process
Authors: Pali Çağla Demir
Published: November 2018

Importance of risk exposure and risk management practices have attracted the attention of companies, investors, and all other parties who benefit from performances of companies. Competitive environment and global effects force the companies to pay attention to manage their risks. Therefore, governmental bodies and international associations embarked on researches in risk management and as a result of these efforts regulations have been put in place. Germany, USA, and UK are the leading countries that made significant progress in risk management field by enacting laws, regulations, and issuing guidelines. But the subject is still new for some countries and difficult for companies, especially small and medium sized, to apply. The chapter starts with the benefits and importance of risk management. Then steps of risk management are explained with the examples.
Behavioral Strategies to Achieve Financial Stability in Uncertain Times
Authors: Khedekar-Swaminathan Ashlesha
Published: November 2018

The automatic use of heuristics, the effects of framing, and the tendency to procrastinate when combined with the risk and uncertainty inherent in the financial environment can lead to financial instability for ordinary investors. This chapter explores established behavioral tendencies with respect to financial decision making within the framework of behavioral economics: how and why heuristics are used to make decisions, how different choice frames influence decisions, the crucial impact of biases like loss aversion on decision outcomes. The chapter also explores critical factors that induce the tendency to procrastinate saving and investing. The chapter suggests strategies that investors can use to achieve long-term financial stability by achieving predetermined financial goals as well as protect their investments from depreciating in value in the context of financial market instability.
Farm Debt Waiver in India
Authors: Nayak Sushma , Mukherjee Shrabana
Published: November 2018

Farm debt waivers have been introduced in India, from time to time, to provide relief to the indebted farmers. The chapter focuses on the viability of farm debt waiver in India—whether it serves as an ephemeral palliative (a temporary reassuring measure) or an enduring risk management tool (a permanent remedy to build resilience against a longstanding debt crisis)—for farmers by employing situation, actor, process, learning, action, performance (SAP-LAP) framework. Loan waivers occasionally appear as a quick fix to alleviate farmers' misery. They trigger moral hazard as the farmers make no attempts to repay the loans themselves with the expectation that an imminent waiver from the government would clear their debts, thus ruining the credit culture of the country. From a policy viewpoint, it is imperative to make agriculture sustainable by lessening inefficiencies, augmenting income, moderating costs, and affording protection through premeditated and well-defined insurance schemes.
The Effect of Second Life as a Virtual Language Learning Environment on Speaking Anxiety
Authors: Güzel Serhat , Aydin Selami
Published: November 2018

There is a lack of research on the effects of Second Life (SL) as a virtual language-learning environment on speaking anxiety among English as a foreign language (EFL) learners, whereas related literature is insufficient in terms of providing insight about Turkish EFL context. Therefore, this experimental study aims to examine the effects of the use of SL on speaking anxiety. In the chapter, a background questionnaire and an anxiety scale were administered to 44 EFL learners assigned to the control and experimental groups before and after speaking activities performed in traditional and SL settings. Findings suggest that there is no significant correlation between speaking activities that take place in traditional settings and SL environment concerning the levels of speaking anxiety. It is recommended that the extent to use SL should be moderated during speaking practice because SL does not offer a flawless solution to speaking anxiety.
Exploring the Effectiveness of Online Synchronous Learning Management Systems
Authors: Nami Fatemeh
Published: November 2018

In line with calls for a more comprehensive understanding of the potentials of virtual environments for language learning/teaching, the chapter reports a study on the application of a synchronous learning management system (SLMS). The development of academic writing knowledge of a group of MA students attending an online academic writing course in a state university in Tehran was compared with that of a similar group in a face-to-face course in the same university. The analysis of participants' classroom discussions and their writing assignments indicated that although the writing knowledge of both groups improved by the end of the course, the nature of changes differed from the online group to the face-to-face one. It is suggested that while SLMSs have opened up new horizons for the instruction/practice of language skills, their uses are largely context- and user-specific. The finding of this study feeds into research on SLMS-based foreign language instruction.
Evaluating Mobile Instant Messaging for L2 Development
Authors: Andujar Alberto
Published: November 2018

This chapter presents a longitudinal investigation of the use of mobile instant messaging (MIM) to develop second language skills in the foreign language classroom. A three-year investigation is presented where the author attempted to analyze the potential of the application to provide language opportunities and foster interaction in the target language. WhatsApp application is used as a virtual platform where its multimodal characteristics are exploited in order to expand students' in-class time. Thus, one text-based and two voice-based WhatsApp groups are analyzed trough an experimental design with control and experimental groups. Statistical analysis as well as a systematic tracking of the messages sent throughout the interaction were implemented to observe any potential language benefit in the participants. Results indicated that students experienced an improvement in terms of accuracy as well as different speaking skills; nevertheless, task design was found to be fundamental to encourage participation and interaction.
Applying Theory to Inform Capability Development
Authors: Mupepi Mambo G. , Taruwinga Patience , Mupepi Sylvia C.
Published: November 2018

This chapter describes the deliberate making of a community of practice to advance specialization in divided labor and structuring a successful enterprise. A knowledge network is characterized by mutual engagement in a joint enterprise that gives rise to a shared repertoire of knowledge, skillsets, and practices. The division of labor is identified to enable the novice to develop the proficiencies required for specialty to happen. Bootstrapping and other techniques are applied to replicate the performance required in making effective specialists. A conclusion is drawn taking the position that the centricity of an epistemic community is the locus of control of the job, individual, and team; additionally, it is the only organization that can authenticate the practices necessary to boost productivity.
Requirements-Based Design of Serious Games and Learning Software
Authors: Dubbels Brock Randall
Published: November 2018

A serious game can be entertaining and enjoyable, but it is designed to facilitate the acquisition of skills and knowledge performance in the workplace, classroom, or therapeutic context. Claims of improvement can be validated through assessments successful, measurable practice beyond the game experience, the targeted context of the workplace, classroom, or clinical using the same tools as multiple traits and multiple measure (MTMM) models. This chapter provides a post-mortem describing the development of the initial design and development of a measurable model to inform the design requirements for validation for a serious game. In this chapter, the reader will gain insight into the implementation of lean process, design thinking, and field observations for generative research. This data informs the assessments and measurement of performance, validated through the MTMM model criteria for requirements. The emphasis examines the role of research insights for onboarding and professional development of newly hired certified nursing assistants in a long-term care facility.
“Nervousness and Maybe Even Some Regret”
Authors: Boltz Liz Owens
Published: November 2018

Historical empathy has increasingly been recognized as a multidimensional construct that involves both cognitive and affective dimensions. Research suggests that engaging learners with diverse historical perspectives in activities like debate, writing, and role play can be more effective for historical empathy than traditional instruction. Although several studies have investigated the effectiveness of these strategies, little is known about the effectiveness of games in promoting historical empathy. Through observation, recorded game play, and semi-structured interviews, this chapter examined how historical empathy manifested as eighth graders played a videogame about World War I (Valiant Hearts). The findings indicate that specific elements of game play may foster particular dimensions of historical empathy better than others, and that some dimensions tend to arise spontaneously while others require (or even resist) prompting.
Towards Sustainable Peace by Technology
Authors: Romanelli Mauro
Published: November 2018

Peace should be a goal that communities aim at achieving to enhance the wealth and prosperity of society. Peace is a source for companies, governments, and cities creating value by technology within social and business ecosystems relying on dialogue and cooperation. The aim of the chapter is to elucidate how technology helps to identify a path to promote sustainable peace driving communities to create value within digital, social, and business ecosystems. Technology helps to sustain peace-building and drive communities towards sustainable peace as a source for growth and development.
Peace Promotion Through Volunteer Tourism
Authors: Gajdošík Tomáš , Sokolová Jana , Gajdošíková Zuzana , Pompurová Kristína
Published: November 2018

Tourism has been recognized as a social force that can promote international understanding, cooperation, and global fraternity among all people of the world. Volunteer tourism, as an expanding form of tourism, is becoming one of the promising tools to strengthen these values. However, the research on this topic, is so far limited. Therefore, the aim of the chapter is to analyze how volunteer tourism can promote peace and find out how the connection of tourism and volunteering through creating specific improvements in education, healthcare, environmental preservation, and community empowerment contribute to principles of peace. Following the sustainable development goals (SDGs), the chapter highlights the connection of tourism and peace, as well as the role of volunteer tourism in peace promotion. Based on the AIESEC case study, it examines the demand and supply of volunteer tourism projects aiming at implementing the SDGs.
Design and Program Elements of a Clinical Leadership Program
Authors: DelConte Anthony , Gast Michael J.
Published: November 2018

Healthcare delivery in the United States is an ever-evolving field that is changing across multiple economic and cultural levels. Healthcare delivery systems are being affected not just by emerging technological capabilities but by ongoing changes in the structure and role of health systems themselves, as well as in the diversity of the communities they service. The older model of physician-provider is likewise evolving, and today's clinician requires the skill set necessary to navigate this new healthcare delivery environment. This chapter describes the development and implementation of a clinical leadership MBA curriculum designed to provide physician-leaders with a strategic perspective on healthcare decision making that encompasses a broad range of structural, technological, financial, cultural, and ethical considerations.
Stochastic Resonance in Bioinspired Electronic Device Using Polymer Field Effect Transistors
Authors: Suzuki Yoshiharu , Kanki Teruo , Tanaka Hidekazu , Inoue Tomotaka , Wada Naoki , Matsubara Kiyohiko , Asakawa Naoki
Published: November 2018

Stochastic resonance (SR) phenomenon is emerged in organic field effect transistors (OFETs) using $\pi$-conjugated polymer, where application of external noise to the OFET system enhances signal/information processing performance which is often found in biological systems.The channel conductivity of the OFET is slightly increased by spin-coating using heated semiconductor polymer solution with heated glass substrate.In order to improve frequency responses of OFET, optimal width of the gate electrode is explored. Furthermore, it turns out that scratching and removing semiconductor film outside the source-drain electrodes and the channel enhances the On-Off current ratio of the device. These fabrication processes lead to steeper nonlinearity on the $I_{\rm DS}$ {\it vs.} $V_{\rm GS}$ curve, resulting in emergence of SR, which is fingerprinted in increase of correlation value between input and output signals with increase of intensity of external noise.
Primary pleural epithelioid hemangioendothelioma
Authors: Ben Rejeb Sarra , Ben Ghachem Dorra , Dhaoui Amen , Ben Marzouk Salma , Bellil Khadija
Published: November 2018

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare vascular tumor exceptionally involving the pleura with less than 30 cases reported in literature. We herein describe another case of pleural EHE in a 79-year-old man with medical history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and high blood pressure. He presented rightsided pleural effusion. Computerized tomography revealed multifocal pleural thickening and effusion. Pleural biopsy was performed. Microscopically, the tumor showed a biphasic pattern with cords and nests of epithelioid cells showing mild atypia and rare mitosis with intracytoplasmic lumina containing red blood cells. The second pattern is composed of spindle-shaped cells with occasional necrosis. The tumor cells were positive for CD34 and focally with CK7. The diagnosis of EHE was made.
Color Doppler sonography of the aortic isthmus in intrauterine growth-restricted fetuses and normal fetuses
Authors: Younesi Ladan , Ghadamzadeh Mostafa , Amjad Ghazaleh , Lima Zeinab Safarpour
Published: November 2018

Intrauterine growth restriction is associated with a significant increase in morbidity and perinatal mortality, and increases the likelihood of fetal death, asphyxia, meconium aspiration, hypoglycemia, and neonatal hypothermia. The aim of this study was to determine aortic isthmus flow difference by using color doppler sonography in Intrauterine growth restriction and normal fetuses. The data presented were obtained from 30 mothers, who referred to the radiology department of Akbarabadi Hospital of Tehran with a diagnosis of intrauterine growth restriction. An ultrasound was performed to determine the status of placenta, fetus, and amniotic fluid. The umbilical arterial doppler assessment was used to confirm diagnosis of intrauterine growth restriction. Thirteen (43.3%) were nulliparous mothers and 17 (56.7%) were multiparous mothers. 30 pregnant women with healthy fetuses were enrolled as control group. According to the ultrasound findings, Dactus Venus wave type was recorded in intrauterine growth restriction fetuses, which was reported as normal (26 subjects; 86.7%) and abnormal (4 subjects; 13.3%). All together, this study provides appropriate guidance to use doppler for delivery timing and to control risk factors.
Training interventions on Helping Babies Breathe among health workers in tertiary hospital of the Republic of South Sudan: A non-randomized quasi-experimental study
Authors: Draiko Christopher Vunni , Yamarat Khemika , Panza Alessio , Draleru Judith , Taban Martin , Onyango Joseph , Akur Regina , Omega Rose Aliru
Published: November 2018

This study aimed to examine the effects of the Helping Babies Breathe (HBB) training interventions program on the knowledge, psychomotor skills, and competency of health workers in managing birth asphyxia and reducing mortality of newborns experiencing asphyxia within 24 hours. This study used pre- and post-test design (quasi experimental study). Purposive sampling was employed, and a computer-generated number was used to select the participants. Health workers from Juba Teaching Hospital comprised the intervention group. They were evaluated before and after the training from February to June 2017. A post training skill and competency evaluation was performed using a NeoNatalie newborn simulator and was repeated after three months of implementation for intervention and control group. Seventy health workers were enrolled; 40 were in the intervention group and 30 in the control group. Early newborn mortality due to asphyxia within 24 hours in intervention and control measure at pre and post implementation showed a significant reduction within the intervention than the control. Knowledge, psychomotor and competency of health care workers improved immediately after training and early newborn mortality reduced by half at the end of three months. It is recommended that training of health workers on HBB should be scaled up in most of the health facilities in South Sudan.
Gambling: spreading among students in Palermo
Authors: Venturella Fabio , Liga Anastasia Valentina , Giammanco Marco , Cancellieri Giulia
Published: November 2018

Adolescents represent a particularly high-risk group and they are also vulnerable to the development of gambling related problems. Thanks to technological advances in gaming industry (slot machines, video lottery terminals, casino-types games) new form of gambling are continuously appearing. With the purpose of having an idea about the spreading of gambling among the students of Palermo, a survey has been conducted through administration of questionnaires during the period from January to May 2017: this study involved 1622 students (686 boys and 936 girls) between the age of 14 and 19. In this survey it has been demonstrated that only 15% of students have never played; 36% declare they have played cards with money at least once in their life and 19% of them play lotteries and scratchers; some others have played sport betting (14%), bingo (7%), slot machines (5%), horse betting (4%). The money spent on a single day is between 1 and 10 euros (584 students); 530 teenagers spend 1 euro or less; 132 between 1 o and 100 euros; 16 students more than 100 euros/die. Moreover, most alarming is evidence indicating that there is a considerable number of students who have gambling players parents (father 18,65%; mother 16,4%; both of them 4,52%): this is considered an important vulnerability factor. The analysis of the picked data suggests that there is a widespread diffusion of gambling among the adolescent population. So, to conclude, the present research points out the need to complete immediate interventions on both levels of information and prevention.
FOOD INTOLERANCE: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS OR NATURAL FOODS?
Authors: Paolini Barbara
Published: November 2018

Food intolerances are often considered responsible for abdominal symptoms, like bloating, pain and alterations of bowel movements after the assumption of certain foods. Restrictive diets are very popular and they are based on food intolerance not scientifically validated diagnostic tests. Inappropriate use of these tests increases the possibility of false positive, with useless dietetic restrictions, risk of malnutrition and reduced life quality. Exclusion diets must be monitored and managed by specialists to avoid nutritional risks. They increase the phenomenon of “diet industry” and they represent a direct cost for the patients and an indirect cost for the public health, because the therapy is inadequate for the needs. The industry created a big range of products for people with food intolerances for example to lactose, gluten, however they have a bigger content of fat and calories in comparison with the classic products in order to improve their taste. Processed products contain substances like emulsifiers, stabilizers and acidity correctors so they have a worse quality. It is important to not exclude foods from our diet unless a food intolerance is diagnosed by validated tests, in addiction to this, considering that the diet remains the only life-style therapy for many intolerances, it is crucial to prefer not processed products and naturally gluten or lactose free products.
MEMORIES OF PROFESSOR ARISTEO RENZONI
Authors: Ancora Stefania
Published: November 2018

Here were reported Memories of Professor Aristeo Renzoni, University of Siena. Among the first Professors of Ecology in Italy and internationally recognized scientist. In almost 60 years of research he published over 250 scientific papers. The main ecological and environmental topics of his research were the histology of reproductive structures of bivalves, the histology of the pineal gland in birds, the accumulation of mercury in large pelagic predators of Mediterranean Sea, the contamination of organochlorine compounds in bird eggs, the lead shot pollution from hunters activities in wetlands.
INTRODUCTION TO THE MEETING “MIND, BRAIN, NARRATIVE” 6 FEBRUARY 2017, ACADEMY OF FISIOCRITICI, SIENA
Authors: Rossi Alessandro
Published: November 2018

The purpose is to highlight the current challenges of neuroscience and to introduce the concept of reality as a holographic simulation of our brain.
[MIND AND BRAIN IN PHILOSOPHY AND NEUROSCIENCES]
Authors: Nannini Sandro
Published: November 2018

[After a brief review of the solutions given to the mind-body problem by philosophers I propose a naturalistic-materialistic solution that is based on a collaboration between the philosophy of mind and neurosciences. According to this solution the three fundamental characteristics of every human state of consciousness – that is, having a content and being conscious and self-conscious - are identified with three higher order properties of brain dynamics from an ontological point of view, although each of them can be described and explained in the language of neuroscience, cognitive psychology and folk-psychology.]
Elevated skull fractures - Too rare to care for, yet too common to ignore
Authors: Harsh Viraat , Vohra Vanya , Kumar Prashant , Kumar Jayendra , Sahay Chandra , Kumar Anil
Published: November 2018

Elevated skull fractures form a rare subset of compound skull fractures owing to the paucity of cases studied and reported. In this article, we present 17 cases of elevated skull fracture in a mixed population of adult and pediatric age groups which were operated over a period of 5 years (2012–2017) at our institute. We have discussed the mode of injury, clinical presentation, clinicoradiological findings, and treatment options highlighting the appropriate management strategies opted. Although elevated fractures are rare; issuing definite treatment protocol can reduce the morbidity and mortality of the patients.
Aggressive primary pediatric intracranial malignant melanoma: Sphinx of the tissue diagnosis
Authors: Sivaraju Laxminadh , Ghosal Nandita , Mahadevan Anita , Uday Krishna A , Rao Shilpa , Hegde Alangar
Published: November 2018

It is often intriguing to suspect and confirm the diagnosis of primary malignant melanoma (PMM) in the brain without any evidence of neurocutaneous melanosis. We report a 16-year-old male patient with malignant melanoma which intraoperatively was small sized, soft, fleshy, hemorrhagic in appearance resembling hematoma. Interestingly, the histopathology showed prominent papillary architecture with a differential diagnosis of papillary meningioma and ependymoma and perplexed the tissue diagnosis. This case is discussed in light of very uncommon occurrence of intracranial PMM in pediatric age group, enigmatic histological features, and aggressive nature of lesion with rapid progression despite complete excision following radiation therapy.
How to treat repeated subdural hematomas after lumbar puncture?
Authors: Zekaj Edvin , Saleh Christian , Minichiello Marina , Perazzo Paolo , Servello Domenico
Published: November 2018

Serious complications following spinal anesthesia (SA) are rare. However, surgeons and neurologist need to be aware that postsurgery headache refractory to conservative treatment or change in headache's characteristics could be due to serious intracranial complications such as a subdural hematoma. Any delay in diagnosis and treatment can be fatal. We report and discuss a case of a patient who suffered repeated subdural bleeds following SA.