bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Reliability and Calibration of the Gini Coefficient
Authors: - Aditya Gupta
Published: September 2024

This research paper delves into the Gini Coefficient, a widely used statistical measure of income inequality. We assess the accuracy and reliability of this tool by examining its strengths, such as its simplicity and applicability across countries, alongside its limitations, including sensitivity to data variations and contextual differences. The paper explores how the Gini Coefficient is utilized in economics and policy analysis, providing a balanced view of its advantages and drawbacks, ultimately evaluating its effectiveness in capturing the complexities of income distribution.
An Analysis of Human Rights Violation in Police Custody
Authors: - Diksha Ramakant Dubey
Published: September 2024

This research paper deals with human rights violation in police custody. The concept of human rights violations in police custody is referred to in a variety of ways including police brutality police torture police excesses, custodial violence, and lock-up crimes, the general implication of this concept is that people in police custody are not treated with the dignity and are not given ample rights that citizen in a model democratic state deserve. The practice of limiting an individual’s status, harassing him physically or mentally, or depriving him of his personal liberty or fundamental freedoms in police custody can be treated as human rights violation in police custody.
Secured Data Transmission in Network using Nano Technology
Authors: - M.P.Vani , - Kumudini , - Siva Prakash , - Tanishadas , - Aditya Mittal
Published: September 2024

A Nanonetwork is mutually joined or related nanomachines used in communication system and helps to estimate uncomplicated tasks, making them simple to understand which are able to execute a very easy and uncomplicated tasks and is therefore easy to understand, such as computing, data storing, sensing. Nanonetworks consists of range of operation by permitting them to coordinate, share and combine information. Nanonetworks enables new application of Nanotechnology in biomedical field. The foremost concept behind nanotechnology and nanoscience was to control and manipulate atoms and molecules. The term “nanotechnology” was coined by professor Norio Taniguchi over a decade later. A Nanotechnology was in a position to develop small devices small . A Nanonetwork comprises of nanoscale computing devices and sensors that helps in communication at the nanoscale. Applications in networking consists of wireless technology, IOT, wireless and mobile nano devices. Based on the application requirement nanonetworks classifies the nanomachines to various application requirements like nano transmitters, Nano receiver, Nano Robot, Nano controller. Communication security is taken care from unauthorized access. Security composes of physical security, emission security, encryption security, transmission security. Some of the best tools used for secure business communication are perception point, Mail fence, rocket chat.
Design and Implementation of a Robotic Car with a ULV Atomizer for Mosquito Control in Urban Parks
Authors: - Amartya Kanodia
Published: September 2024

Mosquito infestations in tropical regions, particularly during months of moderate to high rainfall, pose significant health risks due to diseases like Malaria, Dengue, and Chikungunya. Traditional control methods such as fumigation and chemical sprays face limitations of environmental concerns and potential health risks to humans. To address this issue in community parks, I developed a robotic car equipped with an atomizer to disperse an organic mosquito repellent. Powered by a Raspberry Pi 4 and brushless DC motors, the robotic vehicle is designed for stable and efficient movement across uneven park terrains. It is controlled via an integrated PlayStation 4 controller for user-friendly operation. The atomizer disperses a repellent from essential oils such as Neem (Azadirachta indica), Lemongrass, and Eucalyptus, offering an environmentally friendly and human-safe alternative to chemical repellents like DEET. Testing indicated that the robotic car equipped with an atomizer effectively reduces mosquito presence, enhancing the safety and enjoyment of outdoor recreational spaces.
Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Powered Piracy
Authors: - TARU MISHRA , - SHIVENDRA KUMAR
Published: September 2024

This research paper explores the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on piracy in the digital environment. It looks at how piracy has increased in the digital era and how AI may help protect intellectual property and provide pirates new strategies. The use of AI in content piracy is covered in the study, including the creation of text and audio, deepfake films, and counterfeit goods. Additionally, it looks at AI-assisted piracy technologies including dynamic content matching, automated content distribution and scraping, and content monetization.
Effectively Comprehend and Manage a Multigenerational Workforce
Authors: - Kiran Sindhu
Published: September 2024

In today's workforce, there is greater generational diversity than ever before. However, businesses who are able to identify and capitalize on the advantages of every generation have a major competitive advantage.
There are people from five distinct generations working today, each with their own expectations, work habits, and communication styles. Businesses can achieve their objectives when they employ tactics that maximize the capabilities of a multigenerational workforce. This offers a wealth of options as well as additional obstacles for managers overseeing multigenerational teams. It's difficult to see things from their perspective when we essentially find it impossible to relate to someone because they are so different from us in age or experience. Rather than trying to comprehend the differences that separate us, we frequently turn to hurtful stereotypes and place the responsibility for problems that can be solved on one another. We must learn how to work together and value our individual tastes, routines, and behaviors if we are to fully reap the rewards and leverage of having a workforce that spans generations. This study used a theoretical overview of the subject and offers some guidance on how to manage a multigenerational workforce well.
A Critical Analysis of Women Rights to Inherit Property in Bukonzo East Constituency, Kasese District
Authors: - MISHELE GEOFREY
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Women in Uganda have made significant strides in achieving the rights to education, employment, and participation in public affairs among others. However, when it comes to the right to inherit property from their parents and husbands, women have been left behind despite Government’s efforts geared towards ensuring that women too are considered for inheritance of property on equal footing with men.
The low achievement for women in this area of property inheritance is attributed to traditional customary norms and practices which have created a male-centered and male dominated society across the country. The traditional customary norms and practices favour men as the only persons who can inherit and own property while women are restricted to user rights only. On addition, even when user rights are allowed, the input of a women’s into the development of the property especially land and proceeds derived therefrom are never considered as a contribution that create an interest worth being owned and capable of being bequeathed by a woman. In Uganda, ownership and possession of land especially customary land tenure is dominated by men. This has increasingly put women at a disadvantage.
This article identifies the obstacles/causes why women are still being marginalized when it comes to inheritance of property despite the government efforts and the legal framework in place, it also discusses the possible solutions to end the problem, and offers recommendations which includes enhancement of sensitizations and awareness, and closing lacunas that exist in the law.
Analysis of Husband's Maintenance Under Sec 144 BNSS, 2023
Authors: - Biswa Ranjan Palo , - Pintu Arjun Yadav , - Siddiqui Mohammed Fareeduddin
Published: September 2024

The law relating to wife maintenance is different in different religions. Among all communities, the question of maintenance to women has acquired great importance. Women, the partners of men in life, play a vital role in raising a family, especially in maintaining social order. The basic involvement of women gives them the right to maintenance from their husbands. But apart from the Hindu Marriage Act, of 1955 and the Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act, of 1936, no other law gives any right to a husband to claim such maintenance from his wife even on reasonable grounds.
Article 15(1) of the Constitution of India states, "The State shall not discriminate any citizen on ground only religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them”. While Article 14 states that “The State shall not deny to any person equality before law or the equal protection of law within the territory of India”. Apart from Hindu and Parsi husbands, a person of any other religion has no such right to claim maintenance on reasonable grounds which violates the constitutional right under Article 15(1) and Article 14. Under section 144 of The Bharatiya Nagarika Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, the husband should be entitled to equal maintenance rights from his wife on legitimate grounds, as women have gained financial empowerment in the current socioeconomic situations.
Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Upah Minimum Regional dan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia terhadap Kemiskinan Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Riau
Authors: Tampubolon Dahlan , Mainingsih Fitria Rahayu
Published: September 2024

The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of economic growth, minimum wages and the Human Development Index on poverty in districts/cities in Riau Province. This research is quantitative descriptive research using panel data, the data used is in the form of time series (2010-2022) and cross sections (12 regencies/cities in Riau Province). The type of data used in this research is secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and supporting journals. The analytical method used is the Delangan Panel Linear Data Regression Analysis Method. The Fem method uses the Eview software tool 6. The results of the research show that the positive and negative influence on the poverty of districts/cities in Riau Province is used.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Efficiency of Courts
Authors:   North Caucasus Branch, Russian State University of Justice, Krasnodar, Russia, Darda Alexey V.
Published: September 2024

The evolutionary development of the entire judicial system is directly related to the introduction of modern artificial intelligence systems. The purpose of this study is to study and analyze the impact of artificial intelligence on the effectiveness of the entire judicial system and judges in particular. To achieve this goal, it is necessary, firstly, to consider the nature of artificial intelligence, its advantages in the administration of justice, secondly, to analyze the potential risks arising from the use of artificial intelligence, and thirdly, to reveal and analyze the impact of artificial intelligence technologies through the prism of criteria for the effectiveness of courts. The methodological basis of this research is dialectical, systemic, functional, formal and legal methods. The conducted research made it possible to come to the conclusion that modern artificial intelligence systems are able to seriously optimize the work of the entire judicial system, prevent possible judicial errors and corruption manifestations, shorten the time of consideration of cases, which will undoubtedly increase the efficiency of the entire judicial system. However, there are also negative impacts that must necessarily be eliminated or minimized, with the help of careful study of the mandatory technological requirements used in the creation and further functioning of all artificial intelligence systems.
ПРО НАУКОВУ І НАУКОВО-ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНУ ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ НАУКОВО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНОЇ БІБЛІОТЕКИ УКРАЇНИ ІМЕНІ В.О. СУХОМЛИНСЬКОГО ЗА 2020-2024 рр. ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ЇЇ ПОДАЛЬШОГО РОЗВИТКУ
Authors: Березівська Лариса Дмитрівна
Published: September 2024

У доповіді викладено основні результати наукової та науково-організаційної діяльності у тісному зв’язку з науково-інформаційною, науково-методичною, соціокультурною роботою Державної науково-педагогічної бібліотеки України імені В.О. Сухомлин-ського (далі ДНПБ) упродовж 2020-2024 рр. в умовах пандемії COVID-19 та повномасштабної війни рф проти України. Представлено тематику наукових досліджень, науково-практичних заходів, віртуальних книжкових виставок, що сприяє посиленню гуманітарного виміру національної безпеки у мовно-культурній та інформаційній сферах, реалізації політики національної пам’яті, української національної та громадянської ідентичності, формуванню патріотизму, української національної самосвідомості. Аргументовано, що працівники чинять активний інформаційний спротив російському агресору.Визначено перспективи подальшого розвитку ДНПБ: активізація в умовах євроінтегарції міжнародного співробітництва; участь у національних і світових проєктах; упровадження сучасних цифрових технологій, зокрема штучного інтелекту, та програмного забезпечення; удосконалення механізму комплектування, організації та зберігання фонду, формування цифрового контенту рідкісних видань; проведення заходів із залучення молодих учених і бібліотекарів до роботи в ДНПБ. Доведено необхідність реалізовувати Стратегію розвитку ДНПБ з вірою у перемогу над російськими загарбниками, руху в Євросоюз задля забезпечення потреб оброни і національної безпеки, формування конкурентоспроможного людського капіталу, утвердження позитивного іміджу бібліотеки як інноваційного наукового, науково-інформаційного, науково-методичного, культурно-освітнього центру в Україні й у світі.
The effect of inter-letter spacing on the N170 during visual word recognition: An event-related potentials experiment
Authors: Civera Teresa , Perea Manuel , Leone-Fernandez Barbara , Vergara-Martínez Marta
Published: September 2024

Previous behavioral studies have shown that inter-letter spacing affects visual word recognition and reading. While condensed spacing may hinder the early stages of letter encoding because of increased crowding effects, the impact of expanded inter-letter spacing is still unclear. To examine the electrophysiological signature of inter-letter spacing on visual word recognition, we presented words in three different inter-letter spacing conditions (default, condensed [−1.5 points] or expanded [+1.5 points]) in an event-related potentials go/no-go semantic categorization task. Our focus was on the N170, an event-related potentials component associated with the early encoding of orthographic information, which also is sensitive to crowding effects. Results revealed that the N170 amplitude reached the largest values for the condensed condition than for the default and expanded spacing conditions, which did not differ. While increased crowding impacted the early encoding of orthographic information, extra letter spacing (compared with default spacing) did not. This outcome is consistent with the Modified Receptive Field hypothesis, in which letter receptors adapt their size to cope with letter crowding. These findings reveal that reducing the space between letters more than the default spacing impairs the ability to process written words, whereas slightly expanding the space between letters does not provide any additional benefit.
Automatic human age estimation from face images using MLP and RBF neural network algorithms in secure communication networks
Authors: ALRikabi Haider TH. Salim , Assad Ali , Al Dujaili Mohammed Jawad , ALRubeei Ibtihal Razaq Niama
Published: September 2024

Age estimation finds application in several contexts including biometric authentication, surveillance, forensic investigations, and the entertainment industries, among others, making it a realistic, complex, and relevant problem in the subfield of machine vision and pattern recognition. This article proposes a system that can determine the age of people by applying the multilayer perceptron neural network technique, feature fusion, and integration. It is imperative to define three fundamental stages of the proposed procedure. One of the methods necessary at the first stage involves face parts detection and resizing. The second activity is feature extraction of the facial regions of the video frames. To do this, we select and use features through the use of Gabor Filters, SIFT, and LBP with optimal values being picked through combinations. The third step in the process entails making an age range prediction of the face image using neural network algorithms such as MLP and RBF for securing communication networks. For further reduction of dimensions and for getting rid of any possibly overlapping features, independent component analysis (ICA) is used. The datasets adopted for this research work are FG-NET and PAL which are widely acclaimed research data sets. Simply based on the features adopted, the proposed age estimate procedure was seemingly superior to the MLP algorithm and possessed high accuracy for a given range of ages.
Unveiling the Landscape of Acute Kidney Injury in Surgical Patients: A Systematic Review of Risk Factors and Clinical Biomarkers
Authors: Nooreena Yusop  , Muhammad Ishamuddin Ismail  , Ruslinda Mustafar
Published: September 2024

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a critical complication with significant implications for surgical patients, leading to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Identifying the risk factors and clinical biomarkers associated with AKI in the surgical context is essential for timely intervention and personalized management. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a systematic review to comprehensively analyze existing literature on AKI in surgical patients. In this paper, we provided a systemically review analysis based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) technique for AKI risk factors and clinical biomarkers. The advanced searching into two powerful databases which is Scopus, Pubmed and Mendeley. Based on searching, find finally main data n=30 and will be analyzed using the synthesis approach. Through a meticulous search and appraisal of studies in reputable scientific databases, we identified a diverse range of research articles, clinical trials, and cohort studies that met our rigorous inclusion criteria. Synthesizing the findings from these studies, we explored the multifactorial nature of AKI, encompassing patient-related factors, surgical variables, and exposure to potential nephrotoxic agents. Our review revealed that AKI in surgical patients is influenced by a complex interplay of risk factors, including patient demographics, comorbidities, surgical procedures, anaesthetic management, and exposure to nephrotoxic drugs. The systematic analysis identified the most common drug classes associated with drug-induced AKI, such as diuretics, ACE inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEIs/ARBs), and antibiotics
Tedarik Zincirinde Hibrit Talep Tahmin Modeli Önerisi: Çelik Sektörü Uygulaması
Authors: Torkul Orhan , Kor Erhan , Şişci Merve
Published: September 2024

Uzun imalat süreleri, süreç içi stokların yüksek olması ve tezgahlardan yararlanma oranlarının düşük olması üretim sistemlerinde karşılaşılan önemli planlama problemlerindendir. Bunların içerisinde, imalat sürelerinin uzun olması dolayısıyla sipariş gecikmelerinin meydana gelmesi önemli problem alanlarından birisidir. Bu çalışmada, çelik sektöründe sipariş gecikmelerinin sebepleri araştırılarak bunların ortadan kaldırılması ile tedarik zincirinde sürekliliğin sağlanması için bir talep tahmini modeli önerisi geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Önerilen model, ürünler için ihtiyaç duyulan ve sipariş gecikmelerinde birincil derecede önemli olan hammadde ve yarı mamulün ihtiyaç duyulan zamanda ve miktarda belirlenebilmesi için nitelik seçimi ve makine öğrenmesi algoritmalarına dayalı hibrit bir yapıdadır. Geçmiş dönem satış miktarlarının yanı sıra enerji maliyetleri, çelik hammadde fiyatı ve Euro/Dolar paritesi modele bağımsız değişkenler olarak dahil edilmiştir. Talep tahmin modellerinin geliştirilmesinde en ilgili özelliklerin belirlenebilmesi amacıyla 6 farklı nitelik seçimi yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Modeller 3 farklı makine öğrenmesi algoritması ile eğitilmiştir. Geliştirilen modeller çelik sektöründe faaliyet gösteren bir firmanın 4 ürününün 89 aylık verileri üzerinde uygulanmıştır. Deneysel sonuçlara göre, nitelik seçimi yöntemlerinin genel olarak tahmin modellerinin performansını arttırdığı sonucuna ulaşılmasına rağmen, her bir ürün için en uygun tahmin performansını gösteren nitelik kümesi ve talep tahmini yöntemi kombinasyonunun farklılık gösterdiği değerlendirilmiştir. Geliştirilen modeller sayesinde ürünler için sırasıyla %93.6, %94.7, %90.3 ve %91.5 tahmin doğruluğu değerine ulaşılmıştır.
Conventional Machine Learning and Ensemble Learning Techniques in Cardiovascular Disease Prediction and Analysis
Authors: Kazangirler Buse Yaren , Özkaynak Emrah
Published: September 2024

Cardiovascular diseases, which significantly affect the heart and blood vessels, are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Early diagnosis and treatment of these diseases, which cause approximately 19.1 million deaths, are essential. Many problems, such as coronary artery disease, blood vessel disease, irregular heartbeat, heart muscle disease, heart valve problems, and congenital heart defects, are included in this disease definition. Today, researchers in the field of cardiovascular disease are using approaches based on diagnosis-oriented machine learning. In this study, feature extraction is performed for the detection of cardiovascular disease, and classification processes are performed with a Support Vector Machine, Naive Bayes, Decision Tree, K-Nearest Neighbor, Bagging Classifier, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, Logistic Regression, AdaBoost, Linear Discriminant Analysis and Artificial Neural Networks methods. A total of 918 observations from Cleveland, Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, University Hospitals of Switzerland, and Zurich, VA Medical Center were included in the study. Principal Component Analysis, a dimensionality reduction method, was used to reduce the number of features in the dataset. In the experimental findings, feature increase with artificial variables was also performed and used in the classifiers in addition to feature reduction. Support Vector Machines, Decision Trees, Grid Search Cross Validation, and existing various Bagging and Boosting techniques have been used to improve algorithm performance in disease classification. Gaussian Naïve Bayes was the highest-performing algorithm among the compared methods, with 91.0% accuracy on a weighted average basis as a result of a 3.0% improvement.
Fenomen-Hedef Kitle Eşleştirmesinin Otomatikleştirilmesi: Sosyal Medya Gönderilerinin Sınıflandırılması ile Reklama Yönelik Hedef Kitle Analizi
Authors: Varan Mehmet , Yatkınoğlu Aslı , Toprak Amine Gonca , Soygazi Fatih , Mocan Bora
Published: September 2024

İnternet kullanımının son yıllarda yaygınlaşması, bireylerin ve toplumların iletişimden alışveriş alışkanlıklarına kadar neredeyse her alanda davranışlarının evrilerek büyük değişikliklerin ortaya çıkmasına sebep olmuştur. Böylece geleneksel iletişim yöntemleri de dönüşüme uğramıştır. Bu gelişmeler sonucunda, günümüzde en yaygın iletişim aracı olarak kabul edilen sosyal medya kavramı doğmuştur. Yeni bir iletişim şekli olan sosyal medya, kurum ve kuruluşların hedef kitleleri ile yer ve zaman kısıtı olmaksızın doğrudan iletişim kurabilmelerini mümkün kılarak reklam verenler için ürünlerini tanıtabilecekleri oldukça etkili bir kanal haline gelmiştir. Sosyal medyada ürün pazarlamak “fenomen” olarak adlandırılan kişiler sayesinde gerçekleşmektedir ve her fenomenin hitap ettiği bir hedef kitle bulunmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, fenomenlerin hitap ettiği hedef kitle ile reklamı yapılacak ürünün hedef kitlesinin doğru bir şekilde eşleşmesi, sosyal medya üzerinden yapılan ürün pazarlamasında kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmada en doğru fenomen-ürün hedef kitle eşleşmesini gerçekleştirebilmek adına, Instagram fenomenlerinin paylaşmış olduğu gönderileri analiz ederek fenomenin hedef kitlesini kategorize eden bir metin sınıflandırma modeli geliştirilmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda veri gizliliğini ihlal etmemek adına Instagram profili herkese açık olan 1.005 farklı fenomenin üçüncü taraf bir yazılım ile gönderileri elde edilerek bu gönderilerdeki açıklamalar BERTopic mimarisi ile kümelenmiştir. Oluşturulan kümelerin temsilleri ve içeriği incelenerek temsil ettiği kategoriye göre etiketlenmiştir. Etiketlenen veriler ile BERTurk sınıflandırma modeli geliştirilmiştir. Sınıflandırma model performans değerlendirilmesi sonucunda ölçülerek 0,92 doğruluk ve 0,91 F1 skor değeri elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda yüksek sınıflandırma doğruluğu ile fenomen gönderilerini otomatik olarak kategorize edebilen bir sistem geliştirilmiş ve fenomen-ürün hedef kitle eşleştirilmesinde başarıyla kullanılmıştır.
The Effects of Teaching Conjunctions on the Cohesion of EFL Students’ Compositions
Authors: Minh Dang Truong Dinh
Published: September 2024

A well-written work is not only grammatically correct but also cohesive and coherent. Conjunctions are fundamental to the cohesion of a text and should be taught in writing classes. This study explores the role of conjunctions in creating cohesive and coherent writing and their impact on EFL students' written production. The research first assessed 62 students' attitudes toward learning and using conjunctions through a questionnaire, revealing their understanding of conjunctions' importance and a willingness to learn. The primary goal was to examine if teaching conjunctions would enhance students' ability to write cohesive texts. A pre- and post- test design with 50 students from an English center in Ho Chi Minh City showed improved conjunction use and higher mean scores after instruction. The study's findings offer recommendations for teaching conjunctions and suggest further research into cohesion elements in language instruction.
On estimation of the uniform approximation error by interpolating multilinear spline with

l
p

distances
Authors: Zhu Laiyi , Yang Guoyi
Published: September 2024

UDC 517.5
We consider the estimation of the uniform approximation error on classes of functions by interpolating multilinear spline with

l
p

distances for

p
>
3.
Integration of a nonlinear sine-Gordon–Liouville-type equation in the class of periodic infinite-gap functions
Authors: Khasanov A. B. , Normurodov Kh. N. , Khasanov T. G.
Published: September 2024

UDC 517.9
The method of inverse spectral problem  is used to integrate a nonlinear sine-Gordon–Liouville-type equation in the class of periodic infinite-gap functions. The evolution of the spectral data for the periodic Dirac operator  is introduced in which the coefficient of the Dirac operator is a solution of a nonlinear sine-Gordon–Liouville-type  equation. The solvability of the Cauchy problemc is proved for an infinite system of Dubrovin differential equations in the class of three times continuously differentiable periodic infinite-gap functions. It is shown that the sum of a uniformly convergent functional series constructed by solving the system of Dubrovin differential equations and the first-trace formula satisfies the sine-Gordon–Liouville-type equation.
An evaluation of the competitiveness of the Slovak automotive industry via digitalization and the adaptability of the population to Industry 4.0
Authors: Nagy Marek , Valaskova Katarina
Published: September 2024

In this paper, the social effects of rapid digitization in Slovakia are examined. Several data show that the Slovak economy has become less competitive since 2020. Similarly, Slovakia’s preparedness for transformation into a modern and resilient economy is a matter of concern. The methodology investigates insolvency models in Slovakia via descriptive statistics of the secondary data. DESI data illustrates population digitization. Study objectives were compared and synthesized using data and visualization techniques. Graphs indicate that the influence of digitization on production and logistics automation surpasses that on product value. The study highlighted the importance of monitoring and predicting digitization’s effects. Countries being reviewed must understand this and make changes as quickly as possible.
Unveiling risk patterns through an in-depth analysis of Slovak company defaults (2014–2018)
Authors: Vojtasová Mária , Alexy Martin
Published: September 2024

This article comprehensively analyses Slovak company defaults between 2014 and 2018, seeking to identify non-financial risk patterns across different sectors, regions, company ages, and legal structures. The study encompasses 168,252 Slovak companies, of which 941 experienced defaults. This paper employs descriptive analysis to outline and summarize pivotal characteristics of the data, thereby understanding the overarching trends in company defaults. This method enables for a more informed approach to develop risk mitigation strategies. The main objective of this article is to unveil the non-financial risk patterns among defaulted companies. The scope of this analysis includes companies operating within Slovakia, offering a comprehensive view of the default dynamics within this geographical and economic context. Our findings point to a gradual decrease in company defaults over the study period. Bratislava region stood out as having the highest number of defaulted companies; however, when looking at the proportion of bankruptcies, Kosice region exhibited the highest percentage of business failures. An interesting age-related pattern emerged from our data, showing a significant concentration of defaults among companies aged between 3 to 9 years. Yet, when defaults are examined as proportions within each age group, companies aged 18 to 22 years demonstrated the highest bankruptcy rates. Industry-wise, the construction sector recorded the highest number of defaults, aligning with the general vulnerability of joint stock companies, which showed a higher likelihood of defaulting at older ages. On the contrary, limited liability companies tended to default more frequently at younger stages of their lifecycle. Notably, the information technology sector emerged as the industry with the lowest default rates, highlighting its relative financial stability compared to other sectors.
Performance evaluation of sustainable energy alternatives to obtain efficient hybrid energy investments
Authors: Dinçer Hasan , Yüksel Serhat , Hacioğlu Ümit , Gherghina Ştefan Cristian
Published: September 2024

This study evaluates the synergy of coalition for hybrid renewable energy (RWB) system alternatives. In this context, the alternative sources of hybrid RWB system are examined to illustrate the impact-relation directions among them with multi SWARA based on q-ROFs and golden cut. Next, the performances of renewable alternatives are measured in terms of the synergy of coalition with game theory and Shapley value. It is concluded that solar energy is the most suitable RWB alternative for synergy to increase efficiency in investments. However, biomass does not have a significant influence on providing synergy in energy investments. Therefore, solar energy should be prioritized for hybrid energy investments. Especially with the effect of technological developments, the efficiency of solar energy investments increases significantly. Thus, solar energy investments have become quite suitable for increasing the synergy in hybrid energy projects. Furthermore, necessary research should be conducted to make biomass energy more efficient.
Multivariate Predictors of Lyman Continuum Escape. II. Predicting Lyman Continuum Escape Fractions for High-redshift Galaxies*
Authors: Jaskot Anne E. , Silveyra Anneliese C. , Plantinga Anna , Flury Sophia R. , Hayes Matthew , Chisholm John , Heckman Timothy , Pentericci Laura , Schaerer Daniel , Trebitsch Maxime , Verhamme Anne , Carr Cody , Ferguson Henry C. , Ji Zhiyuan , Giavalisco Mauro , Henry Alaina , Marques-Chaves Rui , Östlin Göran , Saldana-Lopez Alberto , Scarlata Claudia , Worseck Gábor , Xu Xinfeng
Published: September 2024

JWST is uncovering the properties of ever-increasing numbers of galaxies at z > 6, during the epoch of reionization. Connecting these observed populations to the process of reionization requires understanding how efficiently they produce Lyman continuum (LyC) photons and what fraction (f
esc) of these photons escape into the intergalactic medium. By applying the Cox proportional hazards model, a survival analysis technique, to the Low-redshift Lyman Continuum Survey (LzLCS), we develop new, empirical, multivariate predictions for f
esc. The models developed from the LzLCS reproduce the observed f
esc for z ∼ 3 samples, which suggests that LyC emitters may share similar properties at low and high redshift. Our best-performing models for the z ∼ 3 galaxies include information about dust attenuation, ionization, and/or morphology. We then apply these models to z ≳ 6 galaxies. For large photometric samples, we find a median predicted f
esc = 0.047–0.14. For smaller spectroscopic samples, which may include stronger emission-line galaxies, we find that ≥33% of the galaxies have f
esc > 0.2, and we identify several candidate extreme leakers with f
esc ≥ 0.5. The current samples show no strong trend between predicted f
esc and UV magnitude, but limited spectroscopic information makes this result uncertain. Multivariate predictions can give significantly different results from single-variable predictions, and the predicted f
esc for high-redshift galaxies can differ significantly depending on whether star formation rate surface density or radius is used as a measure of galaxy morphology. We provide all parameters necessary to predict f
esc for additional samples of high-redshift galaxies using these models.
SOFIA/FORCAST Galactic Center Source Catalog
Authors: Cotera Angela S. , Hankins Matthew J. ,   SOFIA Galactic Center Legacy Project, Bally John , Barnes Ashley T. , Battersby Cara D. , Hatchfield H. Perry , Herter Terry L. , Lau Ryan M. , Longmore Steven N. , Mills Elisabeth A. C. , Morris Mark R. , Radomski James T. , Simpson Janet P. , Stephens Zachary , Walker Daniel L.
Published: September 2024

The central regions of the Milky Way constitute a unique laboratory for a wide swath of astrophysical studies; consequently, the inner ∼400 pc have been the target of numerous large surveys at all accessible wavelengths. In this paper, we present a catalog of sources at 25 and 37 μm located within all of the regions observed with the SOFIA/FORCAST instrument in the inner ∼200 pc of the Galaxy. The majority of the observations were obtained as part of the SOFIA Cycle 7 Galactic Center Legacy program survey, which was designed to complement the Spitzer/MIPS 24 μm catalog in regions saturated in the MIPS observations. Due to the wide variety of source types captured by our observations at 25 and 37 μm, we do not limit the FORCAST source catalog to unresolved point sources, or treat all sources as if they are pointlike sources. The catalog includes all detectable sources in the regions, resulting in a catalog of 950 sources, including point sources, compact sources, and extended sources. We also provide the user with metrics to discriminate between the source types.
Time Evolution of the Synchrotron X-Ray Emission in Kepler’s Supernova Remnant: The Effects of Turbulence and Shock Velocity
Authors: Sapienza Vincenzo , Miceli Marco , Petruk Oleh , Bamba Aya , Katsuda Satoru , Orlando Salvatore , Bocchino Fabrizio , DeLaney Tracey
Published: September 2024

The maximum energy of electrons in supernova remnant (SNR) shocks is typically limited by radiative losses, where the synchrotron cooling time equals the acceleration time. The low speed of shocks in a dense medium increases the acceleration time, leading to lower maximum electron energies and fainter X-ray emissions. However, in Kepler’s SNR, an enhanced electron acceleration, which proceeds close to the Bohm limit, occurs in the north of its shell, where the shock is slowed by a dense circumstellar medium (CSM). To investigate whether this scenario still holds at smaller scales, we analyzed the temporal evolution of the X-ray synchrotron flux in filamentary structures using the two deepest Chandra/ACIS X-ray observations, performed in 2006 and 2014. We examined spectra from different filaments, measured their proper motion, and calculated the acceleration to synchrotron timescale ratios. The interaction with the turbulent and dense northern CSM induces competing effects on electron acceleration: on one hand, turbulence reduces the electron mean free path enhancing the acceleration efficiency, and on the other hand, lower shock velocities increase the acceleration timescale. In most filaments, these effects compensate each other, but in one region, the acceleration timescale exceeds the synchrotron timescale, resulting in a significant decrease in nonthermal X-ray emission from 2006 to 2014, indicating fading synchrotron emission. Our findings provide a coherent understanding of the different regimes of electron acceleration observed in Kepler’s SNR through various diagnostics.
Delivery of DART Impact Ejecta to Mars and Earth: Opportunity for Meteor Observations
Authors: Peña-Asensio Eloy , Küppers Michael , Trigo-Rodríguez Josep M. , Rimola Albert
Published: September 2024

NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) and ESA’s Hera missions offer a unique opportunity to investigate the delivery of impact ejecta to other celestial bodies. We performed ejecta dynamical simulations using 3 million particles categorized into three size populations (10 cm, 0.5 cm, and 30 μm) and constrained by early postimpact LICIACube observations. The main simulation explored ejecta velocities ranging from 1 to 1000 m s−1, while a secondary simulation focused on faster ejecta with velocities from 1 to 2 km s−1. We identified DART ejecta orbits compatible with the delivery of meteor-producing particles to Mars and Earth. Our results indicate the possibility of ejecta reaching the Mars Hill sphere in 13 yr for launch velocities around 450 m s−1, which is within the observed range. Some ejecta particles launched at 770 m s−1 could reach Mars's vicinity in 7 yr. Faster ejecta resulted in a higher flux delivery toward Mars and particles impacting the Earth Hill sphere above 1.5 km s−1. The delivery process is slightly sensitive to the initial observed cone range and driven by synodic periods. The launch locations for material delivery to Mars were predominantly north of the DART impact site, while they displayed a southwestern tendency for the Earth–Moon system. Larger particles exhibit a marginally greater likelihood of reaching Mars, while smaller particles favor delivery to Earth–Moon, although this effect is insignificant. To support observational campaigns for DART-created meteors, we provide comprehensive information on the encounter characteristics (orbital elements and radiants) and quantify the orbital decoherence degree of the released meteoroids.
Ocean Circulation on Tide-locked Lava Worlds. II. Scalings
Authors: Lai Yanhong , Kang Wanying , Yang Jun
Published: September 2024

On tidally locked lava planets, a magma ocean can form on the permanent dayside. The circulation of the magma ocean can be driven by stellar radiation and atmospheric winds. The strength of ocean circulation and the depth of the magma ocean depend on external forcings and the dominant balance of the momentum equation. In this study, we develop scaling laws for the magma ocean depth, oceanic current speed, and ocean heat transport convergence driven by stellar and wind forcings in three different dynamic regimes: nonrotating viscosity-dominant Regime I, nonrotating inviscid limit Regime II, and rotation-dominant Regime III. Scaling laws suggest that magma ocean depth, current speed, and ocean heat transport convergence are controlled by various parameters, including vertical diffusivity/viscosity, substellar temperature, planetary rotation rate, and wind stress. In general, scaling laws predict that magma ocean depth ranges from a few meters to a few hundred meters. For Regime I, results from scaling laws are further confirmed by numerical simulations. Considering the parameters of a typical lava super-Earth, we found that the magma ocean is most likely in the rotation-dominant Regime III.
Ocean Circulation on Tide-locked Lava Worlds. I. An Idealized 2D Numerical Model
Authors: Lai Yanhong , Yang Jun , Kang Wanying
Published: September 2024

A magma ocean is expected to exist on the dayside of tide-locked planets if surface temperature exceeds the melting temperature of typical crust. As highly prioritized targets for the James Webb Space Telescope, more information about the surface and atmosphere of lava planets will soon be available. In most previous studies of lava planets, the system is typically assumed to be vigorously convecting and isentropic. This implies a magma ocean depth reaching

O

(104–105) m, determined by the adiabats and melting curves. In this study, we aim to simulate ocean circulation and ocean depth on tidally locked lava worlds using an idealized 2D (x–z) model developed by the authors. Our simulation results show that under zero or a small internal source, the maximum zonal current speed ranges from 0.1 to 1.0 m s−1 and the magma ocean depth remains

O

(100) m, being more than 100 times shallower than that predicted in a fully convecting system. We demonstrate that the ocean heat transport divergence is consistently smaller than the stellar insolation by 1–2 orders of magnitude. Consequently, the impact of ocean circulation on the thermal phase curve of tidally locked lava worlds is minimal in observations.
Perspectives sur les champs extra-nationaux
Authors: Fromont Emma , Go Julian
Published: September 2024

L’auteur, sociologue ayant contribué à l’émergence de l’étude des champs transnationaux ou globaux aux États-Unis, se livre ici, à l’occasion de ce numéro d’ Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales , à un exercice de réflexion et de synthèse. Il commence par esquisser brièvement les dynamiques d’importation du concept de champ par les sociologues étatsuniens pour analyser les relations extra-nationales et évoque sa propre entrée dans l’analyse « post-nationale » des champs. Il montre ensuite comment les articles de ce numéro contribuent à la sociologie bourdieusienne des champs. La conclusion de l’article répond à l’une des principales questions soulevées dans l’introduction du numéro : quelles innovations théoriques, pistes empiriques ou réorientations les études de champs transnationaux ou mondiaux offrent-elles à la sociologie des champs, qu’ils soient extra-nationaux, infra-nationaux ou nationaux ?
Actualité sociale du jubilé
Authors: du Crest Arnaud
Published: September 2024

La célébration du jubilé de l’espérance nous renvoie aux principes sociaux de cette institution. L’A., ingénieur agronome engagé dans la transition écologique et la justice sociale, rappelle l’origine de cette tradition et son sens profond, qui est social. Il en déploie l’actualité sociale à travers quatre exemples : la propriété de la terre et sa répartition; le capital industriel et la valeur du travail ; la remise des dettes ; l’esclavage.
« La joie est missionnaire. » Éclairages augustiniens à partir du De catechizandis rudibus
Authors: Bonnasse Stéphanie
Published: September 2024

Le De catechizandis rudibus de saint Augustin invite à évangéliser et à catéchiser dans la joie. Cette joie missionnaire est l’objet d’une analyse rigoureuse et pointue dans ce petit traité pastoral, qui trouve un écho dans les fréquents appels à la joie, proposés aux disciples-missionnaires, par le pape François. Cette joie de source divine, « lente à venir », devient ainsi la matrice de l’évangélisation et de la catéchèse. L’évangélisation est devenue une tâche urgente ; cet article est l’occasion d’approfondir la notion de joie et sa spécificité chrétienne, afin de définir son impact dans la première annonce et dans la première catéchèse.
La lithiase urinaire
Authors: Daudon Michel
Published: September 2024

La lithiase urinaire est une affection fréquente, aux causes multiples, qui nécessite des explorations biologiques, un examen morpho-constitutionnel des calculs et une analyse de la cristallurie afin d’identifier les facteurs de risque ou les pathologies qui en sont responsables, et apprécier l’efficacité des mesures diététiques et/ou thérapeutiques proposées pour éviter les récidives et préserver la fonction rénale. Aujourd’hui, les calculs urinaires sont majoritairement constitués d’oxalates et/ou de phosphates de calcium, suivis par les acides uriques, mais plus de 100 corps différents peuvent être à leur origine. L’analyse par spectrophotométrie infrarouge permet de les caractériser sans ambiguïté. Les formes cristallines qui composent les calculs sont beaucoup plus importantes à discerner que les simples espèces chimiques, car elles orientent plus précisément vers les causes de la maladie lithiasique. La surveillance de la cristallurie sur des échantillons répétés d’urines recueillies au réveil d’un patient permet de prédire le risque de récidive de la lithiase et de le stopper par un réajustement précoce de la prise en charge diététique ou médicamenteuse.
La bisalbuminémie : à propos de trois cas
Authors: Mounir Radia , Chachi El Mostafa , El Oufir Fatiha , Safir Nadia , Bouabdellah Mounya , Benchekroun Laila
Published: September 2024

La bisalbuminémie est une anomalie protéique rare, congénitale ou acquise, qui est permanente dans la première éventualité et transitoire dans la seconde. Nous rapportons trois cas de bisalbuminémie asymptomatique, découverts fortuitement lors d’une analyse des protéines sériques par électrophorèse capillaire. En dépit du manque de confirmation par une analyse génétique, la bisalbuminémie était le plus vraisemblablement héréditaire de par sa permanence chez les trois patients, son observation chez deux sujets apparentés et l’absence des facteurs favorisants connus.
Chaînes légères des neurofilaments : un marqueur d'avenir ?
Authors: Ghayad Jean-Pierre , Blanc-Quintin Marie-Céline , Borderie Didier
Published: September 2024

Les chaînes légères des neurofilaments (NfL) sont des éléments du cytosquelette neuronal, localisés spécifiquement dans les axones de gros calibre du système nerveux central et périphérique. Ils participent activement à la stabilité de l’architecture neuronale et permettent l’allongement de l’axone au cours de sa croissance et de sa régénération grâce à leur fonction de transport, régulant ainsi la vitesse de conduction de l’influx nerveux. Lors de lésions axonales, la désorganisation augmente leur concentration dans le liquide cérébro-spinal et dans le sang, proportionnellement à l’importance de la perte de matière blanche neuronale. Ces caractéristiques en font un marqueur pour lequel l’intérêt s’est récemment accru, non seulement dans les maladies neurodégénératives, mais également dans les situations potentiellement lésionnelles telles que les traumatismes crâniens légers, les arrêts cardio-respiratoires ressuscités et les accidents vasculaires cérébraux. Plus que leur aide directe au diagnostic, c’est leur capacité à prédire l’avenir neurologique, les phases d’activité de la maladie, les rechutes ou encore l’échappement au traitement qui sont contributifs. Pour chaque pathologie concernée, des travaux demeurent nécessaires pour affiner les seuils et déterminer la meilleure cinétique d’utilisation, au terme desquels les NfL constitueront un marqueur indispensable au clinicien pour la prise en charge du patient et son suivi à long terme.