bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaption of a culturally informed stress reduction intervention for Native American Head Start Teachers using ADAPT-ITT and CBPR methodologies
Authors: Wilson Deborah H , Nelson Katie E. , Gresh Ashley , Littlepage Shea , Brockie Teresa N.
Published: June 2022

BackgroundHigher rates of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among Native American populations can be attributed to historical and contemporary traumas stemming from colonization and ongoing discrimination. On the Fort Peck Reservation, six Head Start centers serve over 300 children. Head Start is a federally funded program promoting school readiness for preschool children from low-income families. Tribal Head Start teachers report high levels of stress and depression as they work with children scoring high in ACEs. Teachers have requested support in managing their psychological health and well-being. Methods A community-based participatory research framework was employed to ensure culturally safe research practices in entirety to adopt and adapt a psychological health intervention for Head Start teachers. The eight step ADAPT-ITT methodology was utilized to guide the adaption process: 1) assessment, 2) decision, 3) adaptation 4) production, 5) topical experts, 6) integration 7) training and 8) testing. Teacher interest and needs were assessed through focus groups and in-depth interviews. Based on formative feedback, a culturally informed intervention, Little Holy One, was then adapted for Head Start teachers using ADAPT-ITT. Little Holy One is a 12-lesson intergenerational curriculum intervention designed to reduce parental stress and trauma-related symptoms among parent-child dyads. ResultsFrom the qualitative assessments teachers described experience of stress, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Based on teacher preferences for content and perceived needs a culturally informed format and content educating about stress were integrated into the intervention. Assessment of community capacity to help adapt and adopt the intervention revealed their ability to implement the intervention. Iterative feedback with a tribal advisory board and designers of the original intervention led to final selection of five lessons. Using theater testing (step 4 of ADAPT-ITT) these lessons were adapted for implementation with Fort Peck Head Start teachers. ConclusionThe adaptation and evaluation process of the Little Holy One lessons contribute critical considerations that must be taken in adapting psychological health interventions to decrease stress and improve well-being. Results outlined in this paper provide a framework to adapt interventions to be culturally and context specific and meet the needs of the people it serves.
Study on the micro through holes machining using the Electrochemical machining (ECM) method with a graphite electrode
Authors: Zhu Likuan , Hao Jinhui , Xu Bin , Wang Bei
Published: June 2022

Electrochemical machining is widely used in biomedical, aerospace, automotive and other fields. The development of electrochemical machining (ECM) is restricted by many factors such as the difficulty of preparing micro-electrode, large machined gap and serious stray corrosion. In this paper, we present a method to fabricate micro-holes by combining micro-graphite electrode with hollow structure. Firstly, a sealed graphite electrode was proposed to guarantee that the sediment can be fully removed by the flowing electrolyte. Then, the effect of machined parameters such as the pulse frequency, machined voltage, electrode feeding speed and electrolyte concentration on machining quality were studied. By optimizing the machined parameters, the minimum value of micro-hole taper with 0.07 could be obtained. To improve the shape precision of workpiece, this paper designed the hollow structure inside the electrode. With the increasing of the pulse frequency, the machining accuracy of micro-holes increased. The results suggested that the pulse frequency of 100 KHz, the machined voltage of 18 V, the feeding speed of 1 µm/s and electrolyte concentration of 5% were more suitable for micro-holes machining with ECM.
Liver stiffness and platelet count to assess the risk of bleeding from esophageal and gastric varices in liver cirrhosis
Authors: Zhang Liting , Zhang Xinhe , Mao Hua , Wang Shuai , Hu Weiling , Ji Dong , Liu Dengxiang , Yang Shiying , Gao Xiaoqin , Guo Peilin , Zhao Wen , Huang Yifei , Nan Yuemin , Li Yiling
Published: June 2022

Background
The Baveno VI portal hypertension consensus recommended that liver stiffness measurement (LSM) < 20kPa and platelet count (PLT) > 150×109/L may avoid screening endoscopy in 40% of patients with compensated cirrhosis. We aimed to use transient elastography (TE) to measure liver stiffness, combined with PLT to assess the risk of bleeding from esophageal and gastric varices in patients with liver cirrhosis, and to establish a new standard for Chinese patients.
Methods
Adult patients with compensated liver cirrhosis treated in 8 clinical research centers from 2018 to 2020 were enrolled and randomly divided into the training cohort and the validation cohort. Patients from the training cohort were used to study the performance of different PLT and LSM, to ensure great endoscopic avoidance rate and very low varicose veins need to be treated (VNT) missed rate. At the same time, the new standard was verified in the validation cohort patients.
Results
A total of 260 patients (166(63.8%) hepatitis B and 229 (88.07%) Child-Pugh class A) were analyzed. In the training cohort (n = 137) with hepatitis B as the main etiology (63.8%), the LSM < 25kPa and PLT > 120×109/L were the best standards. Under this standard, 23.4% of patients could avoid unnecessary endoscopy screening, and 3.1% of patients missed VNT. In the validation cohort (n = 123), under the TOUCH standard, 24.4% of patients could avoid screening endoscopy, and the risk of missed VNT was within an acceptable range (3.4%).
Conclusions
The new standard based on instantaneous elastography technology could identify patients with compensatory cirrhosis with low risk of varicose veins and some patients may avoid screening endoscopy.
Interaction Effects between Insomnia and Depression on Incidence of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Multi-center study
Authors: jung eujene , ryu Hyun ho , lee jung ho , Kim Sung Wan , song kyoung jun , ro young sun , cha kyoung chul , hwang sung oh , shin Sang do
Published: June 2022

Background
Insomnia and depression have been known to be risk factors of several diseases, including coronary heart disease. We hypothesized that insomnia affects the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) incidence, and these effects may vary depending on whether it is accompanied by depression. This study aimed to determine the association between insomnia and OHCA incidence and whether the effect of insomnia is influenced by depression.
Methods
This prospective multicenter case-control study was performed using Phase II Cardiac Arrest Pursuit Trial with Unique Registration and Epidemiology Surveillance (CAPTURES-II) project database for OHCA cases and community-based controls in Korea. The main exposure was history of insomnia. We conducted conditional logistic regression analysis to estimate the effect of insomnia on the risk of OHCA incidence and performed interaction analysis between insomnia and depression. Finally, subgroup analysis was conducted in the patients with insomnia.
Results
Insomnia was not associated with increased OHCA risk (0.95 [0.64—1.40]). In the interaction analysis, insomnia interacted with depression on OHCA incidence in the young population. Insomnia was associated with significantly higher odds of OHCA incidence (3.65 [1.29—10.33]) in patients with depression than in those without depression (0.84 [0.59—1.17]). In the subgroup analysis, depression increased OHCA incidence only in patients who were not taking insomnia medication (3.66 [1.15—11.66]).
Conclusion
Insomnia with depression is a risk factor for OHCA in the young population. This trend was maintained only in the population not consuming insomnia medication. Early and active medical intervention for patients with insomnia may contribute to lowering the risk of OHCA.
Impact of heavy metal pollution on growth, biochemical composition and nutrition quality of Spirulina platensis
Authors: El-Agawany Nagwa I. , Kaamoush Mona I.A. , Salhin Hamida El
Published: June 2022

This study focused on the effect of five different concentrations of three heavy metals (Nickel, Copper and Zinc) on growth, IR spectra, the content of fatty acids and total soluble protein profile in Spirulina platensis. Spirulina platensis was selected for this study because of its high nutritional value as an important form of algae that is used commercially (especially for fish feeding) as a source of proteins, minerals, amino acids, vital unsaturated fatty acids, and a range of vitamins. EC50 of the three heavy metals was recorded nearly at concentration 2.0 mg/l. The inhibitory effect of growth measured in optical density was more prominent in case of copper than zinc and nickel. IR spectra showed formation of new compounds and absence of other compounds when compared to untreated cells, it was clearer in case of Cu2+ than in case of Zn2+ and Ni2. Grand total fatty acids decreased under all the tested concentrations, saturated fatty acids were more dominant than unsaturated ones under stress conditions. The destructive effect of the heavy metal ions on protein profile was more prominent under the stress effect of Cu2+ than in case of Zn2+ and Ni2+.
Different genomic representations of novel pathogens base on signal processing algorithms: COVID-19 case study
Authors: Touati Rabeb , Touati Mohamed , Benzarti Faouzi , Kumar Vishal , Kharrat Maher , Elngar Ahmed A.
Published: June 2022

Coronaviruses are a type of frequent RNA virus. They are responsible for digestive and respiratory infections in animal and human genomes. A coronavirus renamed COVID-19 appeared and spread in the world which makes it declared in March 2020 a pandemic by the World Health Organization. SARS-CoV-2 genome, responsible for COVID-19 virus, has a size equal to 29,903 nucleotides, and its genetic makeup is composed of 11 functional open reading frames (ORFs). This paper proposes comparison algorithms to find SARS-Cov2 origin using digital genomic signatures. As a result, the five closest genomes related to SARS-CoV-2 are RaTG13, Pangolin-cov-PCoV_GX-P2V, Pangolin CoV MP789, bat-SL-CoVZC45 and bat-SL-CoVZXC21.
Non-cooperation motivation is irrelevant: Negative evaluations of punishment in the public goods game, positive evaluations in the third-party punishment game
Authors: Li Yang , Mifune Nobuhiro
Published: June 2022

The evolution of human altruism toward strangers remains a puzzle. While a possible explanation may exist in the concept of punishment for non-cooperators, its own evolution depends on how others evaluate punishment. In general, punishment is assessed differently based on the context, with negative evaluations in the public goods game with punishment (PG-P), and positive evaluations in the third-party punishment game (TPP). This study examined whether different non-cooperation motivations could explain these inconsistencies; namely, the aim is to avoid exploitation (fear) in the PG-P, but to exploit the counterpart (greed) in the TPP. In turn, we posited that these motivational differences would respectively induce negative and positive responses to punishments for non-cooperation. To test this, we conducted a series of online experiments with hypothetical scenarios in which the motivations of non-cooperators were manipulated by the decision-making order. Two studies with a total of 842 participants consistently found inter-game differences regardless of the motivation for non-cooperation. Specifically, evaluations were more positive toward non-punishers (vs punishers) in the PG-P, but more positive toward punishers (vs non-punishers) in the TPP. In sum, these results highlight a general tendency to devaluate punishment as a way of maintaining group order.
Adult-plant resistance of Panax notoginseng to nematodes and interspecific facilitation with pine trees
Authors: Wang Zhuhua , Wang Wenpeng , Yang Kuan , Ye Chen , Wu Wentao , Wang Cuiyin , Mao Guomin , Huang Huichuan , Mei Xinyue , Yang Min , Zhu Shusheng , Zhu Youyong , He Xiahong , Liu Yixiang
Published: June 2022

Root-knot nematode (RKN) is a soil-borne pathogen that severely damages Panax notoginseng. It has been recently shown that intercropping P. notoginseng in forests constitutes an innovative system that can promote P. notoginseng growth and suppress the spread of disease. However, there is little research on the interspecific interaction between pine trees and P. notoginseng. Here, two years of field experiments were designed to explore the effects of RKN infestation and P. notoginseng–pine tree intercropping on the growth and saponin synthesis of P. notoginseng. The results showed that RKN infestation could significantly reduce the root biomass, nutrient uptake and saponin accumulation of P. notoginseng seedlings. Interestingly, two-year-old P. notoginseng plants grew normally (specifically, root biomass, saponin synthesis, nutrient uptake and root morphology were normal) under nematode infection, while the incidence of RKN disease was decreased compared with that of seedlings before transplantation, indicating that P. notoginseng has adult-plant resistance (APR) to RKN disease. Furthermore, P. notoginseng–pine tree intercropping could significantly reduce the incidence of RKN disease and increase the biomass, nutrient uptake and saponin synthesis of P. notoginseng under mild infection, and root architecture may play a key role. Above all, P. notoginseng showed APR to RKN disease, and P. notoginseng–pine tree intercropping represents a type of interspecific facilitation that can promote the growth and quality of P. notoginseng.
Molecular Docking and Dynamics Simulation of Several Flavonoids Predict Cyanidin as an Effective Drug Candidate Against SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein
Authors: Shrestha Asmita , Marahatha Rishab , Regmi Bishnu , Dahal Salik Ram , Basnyat Ram Chandra , Parajuli Niranjan
Published: June 2022

Background
In silico method has provided a versatile process of developing lead compounds from a large database in a short duration. Spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 is required for viral entry into the host cell, hence inhibiting it prevents the virus from fusing and infecting the host. This study determined the binding interaction of 36 flavonoids against the S protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 through molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. In addition, the molecular mechanics generalized Born surface area (MM/GBSA) approach was used to calculate the binding free energy (BFE). Flavonoids were selected based on their in vitro assays on SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, respectively.
Results
Our pharmacokinetics study revealed that cyanidin showed good drug-likeness, fulfilled Lipinski's rule of five, and conferred favorable toxicity parameters. MD simulation showed that cyanidin interacts with S protein and altered the conformation and binding free energy suited.
Conclusion
Based on these findings, we have concluded that cyanidin could be a promising drug against the SARS-CoV-2 S protein.
Human infection with a novel reassortment avian influenza A H3N8 virus: an epidemiological investigation study
Authors: Bao Pengtao , Liu Yang , Zhang Xiao-Ai , Fan Hang , Zhao Jie , Mu Mi , Li Haiyang , Wang Yanhe , Ge Honghan , Li Shuang , Yang Xin , Cui Qianqian , Chen Rui , Gao Liang , Sun Zhihua , Gao Lizhen , Qiu Shuang , Liu Xuchun , Horby Peter , Li Xiubin , Fang Li-Qun , Liu Wei
Published: June 2022

A four-year-old boy developed recurrent fever and severe pneumonia in April, 2022. High-throughput sequencing on his bronchoalveolar lavage fluid revealed a novel reassortant avian influenza A-H3N8 virus (A/Henan/ZMD-22-2/2022(H3N8). Both HA and NA genes of the virus were of avian origin, with the HA gene most closely related to H3N2 and H3N8 viruses detected in ducks in Guangdong Province, and NA gene most closely related to wild bird H3N8 influenza viruses detected in the USA and Japan. The six internal genes were acquired from Eurasian lineage H9N2 viruses. Molecular substitutions analysis revealed the haemagglutin retained avian-like receptor binding specificity but PB2 genes possessed sequence changes (E627K) associated with increased virulence and transmissibility in mammalian animal models. The patient developed respiratory failure, liver, renal, coagulation dysfunction and sepsis. Endotracheal intubation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation were administered. Positive detection of the novel A(H3N8) RNA was obtained from nasopharyngeal swab of a dog, anal swab of a cat, and environmental samples collected in the patient’s house. The full-length HA sequence from the dog and cat was identical to sequence from the patient. No influenza like illness developed and no H3N8-RNA was identified from the family members. Serological test revealed neutralizing antibody induced against ZMD-22-2 virus in the patient and three of his family members. Our results suggest a novel triple reassortant H3N8 caused severe human disease. There is some evidence of mammalian adaptation, possible via an intermediary mammalian species, but no evidence of person to person transmission. The potential threat from avian influenzas viruses warrants continuous evaluation and mitigation.
Characterization of Antibacterial Fabric Nanocomposites Based on Silver /Copper Oxide and Polymer Blend with Electron Beam Radiation
Authors: Eyssa Hanan. M. , Sadek Rawia F. , Attia R
Published: June 2022

Cotton fabrics are usually used for medical purposes, but they can be damaged when exposed to microorganisms. Through modification with carboxymethyl cellulose–polyethylene glycol–ethylene glycol hydrogel/silver/copper oxide (CMC–PEG–EG/Ag/CuO) nanocomposites and subsequent irradiation using an electron beam accelerator, this study proposes an effective method for avoiding bacterial risks on cotton fabrics. The results showed that cotton fabrics loaded with CMC–PEG–EG/Ag/CuO had a low water vapor permeability (WVP) value of 0.09 (0.006% for Ag and 2% for CuO) at a dose of 5 kGy compared with unloaded cotton fabrics (0.33). The tensile strength of the modified cotton fabrics, which had various formulations, was significantly improved with EB irradiation until 25 kGy, exceeding that of the unloaded fabrics. Thermal stability was enhanced by adding CuO nanoparticles up to 2%. The antibacterial activity of the modified cotton fabrics was analyzed by examining gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The results showed that the modified cotton fabrics had the highest inhibition zone effect, with 20 and 15 mm for both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, respectively. In addition, CMC–PEG–EGs incorporated with 0.006% Ag and 0.012% CuO irradiated at a dose of 5 kGy and 0.006% Ag and 0.5% CuO at a dose of 25 kGy were the most efficient formulations. Meanwhile, a 0.012% concentration of CuO nanoparticles in the formulation was considered appropriate to provide the best antimicrobial activity, as the cost of modifying the fabrics was minimized.
Patterns of co-contamination in freshwater and marine fish of the northeastern United States
Authors: Bourne Kimberly , Curtis Amanda , Chipman Jonathan , Chen Celia Y. , Borsuk Mark E.
Published: June 2022

Persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic contaminants (PBTs) are known to co-occur in fish tissue, yet this covariance has not been explicitly incorporated into model-based risk assessments that inform fish consumption advisories. We utilize available US EPA datasets to statistically model the covariance among PBT concentrations in fish tissue and the dependence of this covariance on waterbody and watershed conditions. We find that most PBTs positively covary, whether fish were collected in rivers, lakes, or coastal waters. Mercury in lakes, and mercury, PFCs, and heptachlor in rivers, covary negatively with the other PBTs. While much of the variance and covariance in PBTs can be statistically related to fish characteristics and watershed and waterbody conditions, a large amount remains in model residuals. This implies that single contaminant models, even if highly precise, can misestimate total health risk by neglecting the substantial covariance with other PBTs that is left unmodelled.
Effect of high- intensity interval swimming training on irisin and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal overweight women Effect of HIIT on irisin and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Dehkordi Elham Shafaghat , Jafari Akram
Published: June 2022

Background: Irisin is known as exercise myokine that has taken many attentions during recent years according to its roles in metabolic syndrome. Regarding the effect of high intensity interval training on irisin of postmenopausal overweight and obese women, limited information is available. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of high intensity interval swimming training on circulating irisin and some metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal overweight women. Methods: 30 postmenopausal overweight women (55/73 ± 2/66 years, 26.72±2.33kg/m2) were randomized into high intensity interval swimming training (n=15; HIIT) and control groups (n=15; CON). HIIT performed 6–10 × 30 s swimming interspersed by 2 min recovery for an 8-week period completing 24±1 session (average heart rate = 0.89 ± 0.029 % HRmax). Fasting blood samples were taken and body mass index was measured pre- and post-intervention. The control group did not perform any exerciseResults: In CON, there were not significant change in all measured variables before and after the intervention period. Irisin increased (P < 0.01) by 0.64 ± 0.27 (mg/ml) in HIIT group. Insulin decreased (P < 0.01) by 0.96 ± 0.36 (mg/dl) while the blood lipid profile, blood pressure and BMI were unaltered.Conclusion: The result of present study showed that high intensity interval swimming trainings is an effectual and time-efficient training way for increasing irisin, and it can lead to compensatory irisin increases in postmenopausal overweight women.
Life zone and habitat disturbance do not explain the coexistence in Sturnira bat species
Authors: Mosquera-Izquierdo Esteban , Saldaña-Vázquez Romeo A. , Sánchez Mariano S. , Villalobos Federico , Castaño John Harold
Published: June 2022

One of the key questions in ecology is to understand the mechanisms that modulate the coexistence between syntopic species. Climate and habitat perturbation gradients have been proposed as moderators of species coexistence. The first is related to time availability and the diversity of food resources. The second is related to change in habitat structure that promotes changes in plant structure and diversity that impacts the diversity of other organisms. Although there is empirical evidence that supports these mechanisms to explain coexistence, they have not been evaluated quantitatively and on a wide geographic scale. Using phytophagous bat species of the genus Sturnira we evaluated both mechanisms. These bats are morphologically similar and are key organisms for the seed dispersal of Neotropical Forest plants. Using systematic review protocols, we obtained data of the occurrence and relative abundance of syntopic Sturnira species of different Neotropical forests. We used generalized linear models to evaluate the predictor power of Holdridge's life zones and habitat disturbance type to explain the evenness of syntopic Sturnira species. We found a highly Sturnira species evenness across life zones, going from 0.68–0.92, and found life zones with a maximum of eight Sturnira species coexisting in the same type of forest. The life zones and the type of disturbance do not explain the variation of evenness in Sturnira species. These results suggest that there is not a competitive exclusion among Sturnira species in tropical forests, and despite their ecological niche similarity, the environment allows the coexistence among these highly related species.
Volatile-mediated Induced and Passively Acquired-resistance in Sagebrush (Artemisia Tridentata)
Authors: Grof-Tisza Patrick , Kruizenga Natasja , Tervahauta Arja , Blande James
Published: June 2022

Plants produce a diversity of secondary metabolites including volatile organic compounds. Some species show discrete variation in these volatile compounds such that individuals within a population can be grouped into distinct chemotypes. A few studies reported that volatile-mediated induced resistance is more effective between plants belonging to the same chemotype and that chemotypes are heritable. The authors concluded that the ability of plants to differentially respond to cues from related individuals that share the same chemotype is a form of kin recognition. These studies assumed plants were actively responding but did not test the mechanism of resistance. A similar result was possible through the passive adsorption and reemission of repellent or toxic VOCs by plants exposed to damage-induced plant volatiles (DIPVs). Here we conducted exposure experiments with five chemotypes of sagebrush in growth chambers; undamaged receiver plants were exposed to either filtered air or DIPVs from mechanically wounded branches. Receiver plants exposed to DIPVs experienced less herbivore damage, which was correlated with increased expression of genes involved in plant defense as well as increased emission of repellent VOCs. Plants belonging to two of the five chemotypes exhibited stronger resistance when exposed to DIPVs from plants of the same chemotypes compared to when DIPVs were from plants of a different chemotype. Moreover, some plants passively absorbed DIPVs and reemitted them, potentially conferring associational resistance. These findings support previous work demonstrating that sagebrush plants actively responded to alarm cues and that the strength of their response was dependent on the chemotypes of the plants involved. This study provides further support for kin recognition in plants but also identified volatile-mediated associational resistance as a passively-mediated additional defense mechanism in sagebrush.
The Symmetric Kazdan–warner Problem and Applications
Authors: Ó João Marcos do , Cavenaghi Leonardo Francisco , Sperança Llohann Dallagnol
Published: June 2022

After R. Schoen completed the solution of the Yamabe problem, compact manifolds could be categorized in three classes, depending on whether they admit a metric with positive, non-negative, or only negative scalar curvature. Here we follow Yamabe’s first attempt to solve his problem through variational methods and provide an analogous equivalent classification for manifolds equipped with actions by non-discrete compact Lie groups. Moreover, we apply the method and the results to: classify total spaces of fiber bundles with compact structure groups (concerning scalar curvature), to conclude density results and compare realizable scalar curvature functions between some exotic manifolds and their standard counterpart. We also provide an extended range of prescribed scalar curvature functions of warped products, especially with Calabi–Yau manifolds.
Anti-TNF-α mAb protects intestinal mucosal barrier integrity in the patients of Crohn’s disease via P38 MAPK/NF-κB p65-mediated expression of tight junction proteins
Authors: Wu Wei , Wang Yiwen , Zhang Wei , Zhao Yujie
Published: June 2022

Objective To explore the potential mechanism of anti-TNF mAb therapy in protecting mucosal barrier integrity in the patients of Crohn's disease. Methods 382 patients with active Crohn's disease from January 2018 to October 2019 were recruited and treated with anti-TNF mAb therapy at the week 0,2,6, then every 8 weeks. The general clinical data were evaluated at the 14 th week and the intestinal mucosa was harvested to determine the expression of tight junction proteins.The Caco-2 and HT-19 cell lines were cultured and divided into normal control group, LPS injury group, IFX intervention + LPS injury group. The supernatant and total protein were collected to test the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and tight junction proteins. Results Anti-TNF mAb therapy effectively increased the level of hemoglobin (Hb), BMI and the expression of intestinal epithelial tight junction proteins (occludin, claudin-1, jam-a and zo-1) in the patients of Crohn's disease, and decreased the release of c-reactive protein (CRP), pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α , IFN-γ , IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-17a) and CDAI scores. Phosphorylation of P38 MAPK and NF-κB p65 were increased significantly in untreated patients of Crohn's disease, while Anti-TNF-α mAb decreased the phosphorylation ratio. At the same time, we also carried out relevant studies in vitro. Conclusion Anti-TNF-α mAb therapy effectively induces clinical remission of active patients of Crohn's disease, reduces the intestinal inflammatory infiltration, decreases the release of inflammatory cytokines, and maintains mucosal barrier integrity through the p38 MAPK/NF-κB p65 pathway.
Medium-term changes in hydrology of warm Mediterranean wetlands under land use/cover change
Authors: Mehrani Azita , Riazi Borhan , Mirbagheri Seyed Ahmad , Khorasani Nematollah
Published: June 2022

Wetland hydrology in warm Mediterranean regions is strongly influenced by land use/cover change (LUCC) and accurate modeling plays an important role in the maintenance of these valuable ecosystems. Here, LUCC effect on hydrological changes in Ajigol, Almagol and Alago international wetlands in northern Iran, was investigated using Long-term hydrological impact assessment (L-THIA) model and satellite images (Landsat 5, 7 and 8) during 1987–2018. The results showed that the most LUCC was observed in agricultural lands and residential areas with an overall accuracy and kappa coefficient of 0.93 and 0.8, respectively. The L-THIA model showed that LUCCs have directly affected the three wetlands under different scenarios. The model showed a relatively high accuracy of changes in wetland water volume under LUCC. A correlation coefficient (R-squared) of 0.70, 0.64 and 0.60 was observed between modeled and actual water volume in Almago, Ajogol and Alagol wetlands, respectively, under LUCCs.
An AKT1- and TRIM21-mediated Phosphodegron Controls Proteasomal Degradation of HuR Enabling Cell Survival under Heat Shock
Authors: Nag Sharanya , Rahaman Sayanur , Guha Abhishek , Ray Partho
Published: June 2022

Post-transcriptional regulation by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) is a major mode of controlling gene expression under stress conditions. The RBP HuR regulates the translation and/or stability of mRNAs of multiple genes involved in stress responses. HuR is degraded in response to heat stress consequent to ubiquitination of the K182 amino acid residue. We have identified TRIM21 as the E3-ubiquitin ligase causing HuR polyubiquitination at K182 and proteasomal degradation under heat shock. TRIM21-mediated degradation of HuR protected cells from heat-shock induced cell death. By a combination of molecular dynamics simulation and experimentation we found the S100 and E101 residues to be required for binding of TRIM21 to HuR. Heat shock-induced phosphorylation of S100 was necessary for TRIM21 interaction with HuR and subsequent degradation. We identified AKT1 as the kinase which phosphorylates S100, allowing the recognition of HuR by TRIM21. Sequential phosphorylation by AKT1 and ubiquitination by TRIM21 therefore determine a “phosphodegron” in HuR that regulates the cellular level of HuR under heat shock, thereby enabling a crucial adaptive mechanism allowing cell survival in response to heat stress.
Impact assessment of surface ozone exposure on crop yields at three tropical stations over India.
Authors: Roy S. Deb , Bano S. , Beig G. , Murthy B. S.
Published: June 2022

Surface ozone is a damaging pollutant for crops and ecosystems and the ozone-induced crop losses over India remain uncertain and a topic of debate due to lack of sufficient observations and uncertainties involved in the modelled results. In this study we have used the observational data from 1MAPAN (Modelling Air Pollution And Networking) for the first time to estimate the relative yield losses, crop production losses and economic losses for the two major crops (wheat and rice). The estimation has been done at three suburban sites over India (Patiala, Tezpur and Delhi) and compared with other related studies over the Indian region. We have used the concentration-based metric (M7, 7-hour average from 09:00 to 15:59 hours) along with the cumulative ozone exposure indices (AOT40, Accumulated exposure Over a Threshold of 40ppb) and applied the exposure-response (E-R) functions for calculation of the crop losses. Our study shows that the yearly crop losses can reach the level of 12.4–40.8% and 2.0–11.1% for the wheat and rice crops respectively at certain places like Patiala over India. The annual economic loss can be as high as 373 million 2INR (Indian Rupee) and 47.6 million INR for wheat and rice crops respectively even at individual locations over India. Our estimated %RYL lies in the range of 0.3+/ 0.6 times of the recent regional model estimates which uses only the AOT40 metric. Along with effective ozone mitigation strategies, further studies and field experiments are needed for development of region-specific exposure-response functions based on factors suitable for the Indian region.
Study on Heavy Metal Concentrations in Soil Using Kriging Technique
Authors: Jiji Wiselin , A Rajesh
Published: June 2022

The increase of toxic concentration leads environmental pollution. Soil pollution has become the most important problem of current scenario due to the rapid growth of industries. Heavy metal concentration in soil reveals the pollution level in soil. This work emphasis on the study of level of heavy metal concentration in Soil because of water pollution in Tirupur District, Tamilnadu, India, well-known for dying activities. The assessment of heavy metal concentrations has been researched based on soil samples and remote sensing data (Landsat 8 OLI images) with the relevant soil standards. Kriging technique and regression analysis are applied to the field and remote sensing data to map heavy metal contamination in soil. Finally, the obtained concentration element using remote sensing data was correlated with in-situ data and results are analyzed.
Social Media Use and Marketing within the Orthodontic Practice in Malaysia
Authors:   Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Kamarudin Yasmin , Low Delia Fang Fang ,   Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Abang Sulaiman Abang Muhammad Zulhusmi ,   UTC Dental Clinic, Jalan Kwangtung, 98000 Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia, Zakaria Nor Nadia ,   Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: June 2022

This study investigated personal and professional social media use among orthodontists in Malaysia, to determine marketing strategies and to identify potential determinants associated with their behaviours. A cross sectional study using an online questionnaire distributed to members of the Malaysian Association of Orthodontists (MAO). Data were analysed using SPSS software to derive descriptive statistics and analysis of variance was applied to compare responses between age groups and working sector. Responses to open ended questions were analysed using thematic analysis. A response rate of 41% was obtained (n = 72). Almost all respondents were social media users with Facebook being the most common online platform. Majority relied on traditional methods of marketing such as good service and image practice (94.4%), word of mouth (94.4%) and referrals (93.1%). Only 9.7% of respondents had adopted social media marketing but 23.6% had future plans to adopt it as their marketing strategy. Difference in knowledge of social media marketing was significantly different between age groups (p = 0.024). Concerns over patient confidentiality (p = 0.016) and risk of breaching online professional behaviour (p = 0.025), as reasons discouraging social media marketing was statistically significant between work sector groups. Most orthodontists in Malaysia use social media for personal use but only a minority incorporate it into their marketing strategies. Majority see its potential and predict its use will increase in the future.
Perception of Smile Aesthetics and Attractiveness among Saudi Females
Authors:   Preventive Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia, Sawan Nozha , Hebbal Mamata ,   Preventive Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia, Alshami Abeer ,   Preventive Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia, Gassem Afnan Ben ,   Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia, Alromaih Yara ,   College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia, Alsuwidan Nora ,   College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia, Alsagob Eman ,   Preventive Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
Published: June 2022

Smile aesthetic, known as the static and dynamic relationship of the dentition and supporting structures to the facial soft tissues, is one of the most important elements of facial attractiveness. The objective of the study was to assess the perception of smile aesthetics and attractiveness through digital image manipulation of aesthetic variables and to compare those perceptions according to diverse sociodemographic data among female Saudi laypeople attending the dental clinic. A crosssectional study of 193 female Saudi participants were randomly selected and consented to answer the study questionnaire. Nine smile photograph images were created to compare different smile aesthetic perceptions. Two groups were recruited: 120 participants in the first group (under 30 years old) and 73 participants in the second group (30 years old or above). All participants in both groups were asked to choose the attractiveness of each smile image using multiple-choice options. A statistically significant finding showed that normal buccal corridors were chosen as the most attractive smile by 42.5% of the participants in the younger group and by a significantly higher ratio of the participants with a bachelor’s degree or higher level of education at 49% (p < 0.05). Laypeople’s preferences regarding smile attractiveness vary, but a normal appearance was the ideal choice for the majority. Orthodontic treatment should consider the general sociocultural understanding of smile perception.
Evaluación en esquizotipia: una revisión sistemática hacia los modelos clínicos y de personalidad
Authors: Rivera Tapia Cristhian Javier
Published: June 2022

La investigación alrededor del constructo esquizotipia responde a un campo de extenso desarrollo desde su denominación décadas atrás, que incluye los trastornos del espectro de la esquizofrenia (TEE) y al trastorno de personalidad esquizotípica (TPE), aunque persisten controversias marcadas por la dificultad de establecer consensos definitivos. La necesidad de consolidar los avances en la evaluación de este campo volvió operativa la formulación de esta investigación, se realizó una revisión de la literatura internacional, que contempló 65 trabajos de investigación publicados en la última década (2010-2020). A partir de una síntesis del conocimiento acumulativo, se definieron las herramientas de evaluación válidas y en uso, para su caracterización psicométrica, clínica y de personalidad, además de las implicaciones clínicas encontradas en sus resultados. También se discute el avance de nociones como el continuum de la psicosis y la taxonomía, finalmente se dedica un apartado a un modelo y herramienta multidimensional.
Adaptación y propiedades psicométricas del Índice de Dependencia al Cigarrillo Electrónico (IDCE) en adultos colombianos
Authors: Manrique-Ruiz Maria Alejandra , Macías-López Maria Paula , Murcia-Casas Debby Zamara , Lozada-Ramírez Geraldine , Torres-Barreto Karen , Bohórquez-Torres Leidy Carolina , Riveros-Munevar Fernando , Soares-Filho Paulo Dillon
Published: June 2022

El consumo de cigarrillo electrónico se ha convertido en un problema de salud pública, lo que ha generado la necesidad de contar con instrumentos estandarizados que evalúen las consecuencias de su uso. Objetivo: El objetivo del presente estudio fue adaptar y evaluar las condiciones de validez y confiabilidad del Índice de Dependencia del Cigarrillo Electrónico (IDCE) en una muestra de adultos colombianos. Método: Se realizó una investigación de tipo cuantitativa instrumental, en la cual el instrumento fue adaptado al español, evaluado por jueces y aplicado a 128 consumidores de cigarrillo electrónico. Resultados: El análisis factorial confirmatorio muestra una estructura unifactorial, con adecuados índices de bondad de ajuste, que concuerda con la propuesta teórica, y se hallan valores de consistencia interna entre aceptables y adecuados. Conclusión: Los resultados permiten indicar que el índice de dependencia del cigarrillo electrónico es una escala válida y confiable para ser utilizada en adultos colombianos.
FLÜT EĞİTİMİNDE ISINMA EGZERSİZLERİNİN ÖNEMİ
Authors: Önal M. Ayça
Published: June 2022

İyi bir çalıcının elde etmek istediği ton kalitesi, dudak pozisyonunun ağızlık üzerindeki konumu, kullandığı nefesin doğru bir teknikle üflenmesinin yanında dudak pozisyonunun, ellerinin, kollarının ve tüm vücudunun esnekliğine/ rahatlığına da bağlıdır. Bu çalışmada günlük ton ve teknik çalışmalara başlamadan önce, çalıcının performans kalitesini olumlu yönde etkileyen birkaç esneme egzersizinin nasıl yapılacağına dair açıklamalar yapılmıştır. Literatür tarama yöntemiyle elde edilen bulgular ile klasik esneme egzersizlerinin kişiye kazandırılmasından sonra, çalıcının vücut yapısına uygun edimlemiş olduğu esneme egzersizlerinin, müzikalitesi ile birlikte, performansını da olumlu yönde etkilediği sonucuna varılmıştır.
DENİZLİ-ÇAL ALFAKLAR’DAKİ SON KEPENEK USTASI: HÜSEYİN ÖKSÜZ VE ÇALIŞMALARI
Authors: Koyuncu Okca Ayşegül
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmada Denizli-Çal Alfaklar’daki son kepenek ustası Hüseyin Öksüz’ün hayatı özelinde kaybolmaya yüz tutmuş geleneksel meslekleri icra eden ustaların durumu ele alınarak Hüseyin Öksüz’ün kepenek üretim tekniği konu olarak seçilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı ise Denizli’de yaşayan ve günümüzde keçe üretimini gerçekleştiren tek ve son usta olan Hüseyin Öksüz’ün tanıtılması, literatüre kazandırılması ve bu meslek içerisindeki yerini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmanın gerçekleşmesinde alan araştırma yapılmış Hüseyin Öksüz ile sözlü görüşme gerçekleştirilmiş ve gözlem tekniği kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca literatür taraması yapılarak Anadolu’da Keçecilik mesleğini sürdüren diğer keçe ustaların durumları ile karşılaştırma yapılmıştır. Hüseyin Öksüz’ün kepenek yapım aşamaları fotoğraflanarak belgelenmiştir.
1960 SONRASI KADIN SANATÇILARIN BASKIRESİMLERİNDE BEDEN İMGESİ
Authors: Kılıç Gökçe Aysun
Published: June 2022

“1960 Sonrası Kadın Sanatçıların Baskıresimlerinde Beden İmgesi ” adlı bu araştırmada, Nancy Spero, Louis Bourgeous, Kiki Smith, Barbara Kruger, Maria Magdalena Campos Pons, Marilene Oliver’ın beden üzerine düşünüş biçimleri üzerine odaklanılmış ve baskıresim teknikleri ile oluşturdukları yapıtlarının teknik yaklaşımları incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda söz konusu sanatçıların kadın olarak bedeni ele alış biçimleri ve baskıresim sanatı içindeki bulundukları konumlarına vurgu yapılmıştır. Baskıresim tarihinin başlangıcından bugüne farklı biçimlerde ele alan ve beden imgesini irdeleyen döneminin önemli kadın sanatçıların baskıresim eserlerinde kendine özgü teknik anlayışların da çeşitlilik olması bakımından bu araştırma önem taşımaktadır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı çalışmada, konuya dair yazılı kaynakların yanı sıra elektronik ortamda da çeşitli kaynak taramaları yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucu elde edilen veriler ışığında Nancy Spero, Louis Bourgeous, Kiki Smith, Barbara Kruger, Maria Magdalena Campos Pons ve Marilene Oliver’ın baskıresimlerindeki anlatımlarında yer bulan beden imgelerini baskıresmin teknik olanakları kapsamında da tercih biçimlerinde de oldukça sıra dışı yöntemlerle ele aldıkları görülmüştür
TAPU VE KADASTRO ARŞİVİNDEKİ XVI. YÜZYILA AİT İKİ VAKFİYENİN TEZYİNATI
Authors: Tekiş Emine , Toktaş Pınar , Emlak Sevda
Published: June 2022

Vakfiyeler, bir vakfın koşullarını bildiren, vakıf görevleri ve bu görevlerin hangi şartlarda uygulanacağına dair bilgiler içermesinin yanı sıra yazıldığı dönemin tarihi, coğrafi, iktisadi, sosyal ve toplumsal izlerini taşıyan önemli belgelerdir. Türk kültüründe tarih boyunca güç simgesi özelliği taşıyan sanat eserlerinin arasında geniş bir yer tutan yazılı belgeler içerik ve tezyinat bakımından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Araştırmada yazma eserler içerisinde ayrı bir grup olan vakfiyeler ele alınmıştır. Tapu ve Kadastro Genel Müdürlüğü Defter Emini Server Efendi sergi salonunda yer alan 43 ve 19 envanter numaralı vakfiyeler incelenmiştir. Vakfiyelerin tezhipli alanlarının teknik, renk, motif, kompozisyon özellikleri belirlenmiş ve çizimleri yapılarak tezyinat özellikleri ortaya konulmuştur. Araştırmanın sonucunda incelenen vakfiyelerin unvan sayfası ve tuğra tezyinatlarında zer-ender-zer, çift tahrir ve zemini boyalı klasik tezhip tekniğinin kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir. XVI. yüzyıla tarihlenen vakfiyelerin tezyinatı değerlendirildiğinde araştırmada incelenen eserlerin tezhiplerinin motif, renk ve kompozisyon özellikleri açısından dönem özelliklerini yansıttığını söylemek mümkündür.
ÇAĞDAŞ SANATTA MEKAN OLARAK EVİN KATMANLARI
Authors: Yüksel Hanife Neris , Cihaner Keser Sezer
Published: June 2022

Çağdaş sanatta ev, fiziksel bir imge olarak mecazi anlamı ve buluşma noktası olma özelliği ile hassas bir yerde durmaktadır. Birçok yapıtta ev; dağılmış, kırılgan, tereddütlü, olanaksız bir yerleşim mekânı olarak betimlenmiştir. Ev, kayıpların ya da eksik kalan şeylerin sessiz, yarım ve değişken bir tanığı olarak katmanlara ayrılıp sunulmakta ve insan hafızasını koruma konusunda duyarlı bir dileği iletme durumunu da içermektedir. Yapıtlardaki ev, deneyim olarak aktarıldığı gibi kişisel ve ruhsal geçmişin incitici durumları arasında hayata geçirilmektedir. Ev’i özne ve nesne ilişkisi içinde ele alınması, kavramın sanat alanında varlık bulan bir imge olarak incelenmesini kolaylaştırmaktadır. Bu bağlamda araştırmada sanatçı-sanat eseri ve ev -mekân ilişkisi çağdaş sanat eserleri ile örneklendirilerek incelenmiş ve bir değerlendirmeye gidilmiştir.
ANITLARDA ARKİTEKTONİK İFADENİN ANLAM TEMSİLİ
Authors: Kolbay Sevda Duygu , Erkan Bursa Pınar
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmada -algının nesnesi olarak- taşınmaz kültür varlıklarının inşa ediminde etkin olan epistemik yapıyı okumak, niteleyici ve kantiatif özellikler ile nesneye yüklenen anlamsal karşılığı araştırmak hedeflenmektedir. Ülkemizdeki zengin kültürel çeşitliliğin günümüze taşınan yapısal izleri üzerinden anıt algısını yönlendiren baskın öğenin, belleklerde oluşan ilk imajın betimlemesi ve nesnenin imgeleme dönüşümünde görece etkin değerlerin bağıntısı aranmaktadır. Bu amaçla, algısal örgütlenme odaklı kuramlardan yararlanarak anıt statüsündeki tarihi kültür mirasını imgesel görüntüde tanımlı hale getiren kimlik öğeleri araştırılmaktadır. Algının hegemonyasında anıtın yapısallığı sadece konstrüktif ve strüktürel bağlantılarda var olan içeriğiyle değil ayrıca duyularca kavranabilirliğin ortaya çıkardığı hiyerarşik değerler düzeninde, deneyimlenebilir gerçekliğiyle bütünleştirildiğinde okunaklı olabilir. Yapısal öğeler açılımında öze yüklenen anlamsal karşılığın ne şekilde olduğu ve zaman içinde günümüze nasıl taşındığının yanıtı arayışı bu bağlamda geniş bir söz alanı oluşturmaktadır.