bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Una Educación para un Futuro Mejor en la Concepción de Richard Rorty
Authors: Daros W. R. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

R. Rorty's Posmodern philosophy has its own bases and consequences. One of this consequences is found in the interpretation of education's fact. Truth is changed by a pragmatic way of thinking. Conscience is no more the typical center of a person. The practice way of doing is now the very important thing, without expecting any help from any transcendent Being. Education becomes a social problem and truth is a not real problem and not even a logical justification is required. The distintion between Literature and Philosophy is abolished and the idea of a general text wholly framed is arised. The desconstruction's method is then applied to the text, where the true interpretation is irrelevant.
Especialización inteligente en la Región de Murcia
Authors: García Teruel Pedro Juan , Jiménez Jiménez Daniel , Martínez Costa Micaela , Martínez Pérez Jorge Eduardo , Popa Simona , Yagüe Guirao José
Published: October 2021

Las estrategias nacionales y regionales para la Especialización Inteligente en Investigación e Innovación, estrategias de RIS3 (Research and Innovation Smart Specialisation Strategy), se basan en que la especialización en determinadas industrias es más beneficiosa para un territorio que la diversificación indiscriminada en múltiples sectores. Bajo estas premisas, se configuró en la Región de Murcia el RIS3Mur como agenda integradora de transformación económica territorial. Desde la Cátedra de Innovación para la Especialización Inteligente de la Universidad de Murcia, financiada por el Instituto de Fomento (INFO) de la Región de Murcia, se ha analizado la situación de una de las áreas de especialización más relevantes para la Región de Murcia: el sector agroalimentario. En este informe se realiza un análisis de este sector y se abordan diferentes aspectos como, por ejemplo, el peso de este sector en la economía regional y la situación económico-financiera de las empresas que componen dicho sector. Además, se exponen los resultados de un estudio muestral que ponen de relieve la importancia de la apuesta por la innovación a la hora de diseñar estrategias empresariales que sean exitosas en dicho sector. La información recogida en este documento puede servir de ayuda para realizar un seguimiento y control de esta área de especialización inteligente, a la vez de guía para el establecimiento de políticas que incrementen el potencial del sector y, por tanto, favorezcan el desarrollo regional.
Shelter and rescue programmes associated with higher live release and lower return rates for dogs
Authors: Reese LA
Published: October 2021

Typically, animal shelters and rescues are judged on their live release rates. This research explores the relative impact that shelter traits and programmes have on positive outcomes for dogs. Using a survey of 370 animal shelters and rescues across the US, it concludes that eschewing the use of breed labels for all dogs that do not appear to be pure-bred, having a robust foster programme, and using a matching programme are correlated with higher live release and lower return rates. Resources are not wholly determinative of success — it is the programmes shelters and rescues implement, not simply their human and financial resources — that are associated with positive outcomes.
The effect of animal shelter sound on cat behaviour and welfare
Authors: Eagan BH , Gordon E , Fraser D
Published: October 2021

This study assessed how sound affected fear- and maintenance-related behaviour in singly housed cats (Felis silvestris catus) in an animal shelter. Two daily 30-min observation sessions (morning and evening) were made for 98 cats from admittance for ten days or until the cat was removed. Cat behaviour and presence of sound (classified by the source) were recorded by instantaneous and one-zero sampling with 15-s intervals. Each 30-min observation session was classified as ‘quiet’ or ‘noisy’ if the one-zero score for presence of sound was above or below the median of sessions at that time of day. To ensure that cats had at least two complete days of comparable observations, statistical analysis was restricted to the 70 cats (30 females, 40 males) present for two or more weekdays. Cats varied widely in the amount of fear and maintenance behaviour they performed. Males showed less fear and maintenance behaviour than females. Morning sessions consistently had much more sound than evenings, and cats showed more fear behaviour and less maintenance behaviour in the mornings. Cats showed more fear behaviour in noisy morning sessions than quiet ones, with no comparable difference in maintenance behaviour. Where sessions included a pronounced transition in sound, fear-related behaviour was more common after a transition from quiet to noisy and less common after a transition from noisy to quiet The results show that shelter cats vary greatly in their responses and suggest that sound in shelter environments can substantially affect their behaviour. Lowering sound levels in shelters may help improve cat welfare.
A follow-up study of exercise test results and severity of brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome signs in brachycephalic dogs
Authors: Aromaa M , Rajamäki MM , Lilja-Maula L
Published: October 2021

To promote successful breeding against brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS), it is important to assess how BOAS signs progress during young adulthood and how evaluation age and ageing affect the results of chosen breeding selection tools. The aims of this study were to assess how veterinary-assessed and owner-reported BOAS signs and exercise test results change when dogs age. Eight English Bulldogs, 25 French Bulldogs, and 31 Pugs that had undergone previous evaluation were re-examined 2— 3 years later. An owner questionnaire regarding BOAS signs, a veterinary assessment of BOAS severity, and exercise, ie walk tests were re-performed. In Pugs, both 6-min walking distance and 1,000-m time worsened and the initial evaluation age had a significant effect on the 1,000-m time. No significant changes were seen in the results of the French Bulldogs but a negative effect on the 1,000-m time was seen with weight gain. Exercise test statistics were not performed with regard to English Bulldogs due to low sample size. The veterinary-assessed BOAS severity class remained the same in the majority of dogs and the BOAS grade worsened mostly in those dogs that were initially evaluated at less than two years of age. Most owners reported no major changes in BOAS severity. BOAS grading and walk tests were easy to repeat and results remained relatively constant in dogs initially evaluated at over two years of age, supporting the use of these breeding selection tools. However, further, large-scale offspring studies are still needed.
VÉCU DES INTERVENANTS ET RÔLE DE LA RÉGULATION ÉMOTIONNELLE FACE AUX COMPORTEMENTS DIFFICILES DES PERSONNES AYANT UNE DÉFICIENCE INTELLECTUELLE
Authors: Otis Ann-Sophie , Maheux1 Julie
Published: October 2021

Cet article documente le vécu de 120 intervenants québécois oeuvrant auprès des personnes ayant une déficience intellectuelle et pouvant présenter des comportements difficiles (CD). Une analyse descriptive illustre le niveau d’exposition et les catégories de CD rapportées par les intervenants, ainsi que les impacts perçus par ces derniers. Les données soutiennent que ces intervenants effectuent un travail psychologiquement exigeant et suscitant de vives réactions. Leur niveau de régulation émotionnelle (RE), habileté permettant de mieux gérer les émotions induites par un événement stressant, a été mesuré à l’aide du questionnaire DERS. Une analyse de régression a montré qu’une meilleure RE est associée à moins de détresse psychologique. Aucun lien n’a été trouvé entre le niveau d’exposition et la détresse psychologique.
Tradições religiosas: monoteísmos e fraternidade universal
Authors: De Albuquerque Francisco Chagas
Published: October 2021

Neste artigo trata-se da importância das religiões monoteístas e da possibilidade e necessidade de sua contribuição para que a humanidade desperte e se comprometa com a busca da fraternidade universal. Sustenta-se que nos genuínos valores do judaísmo, cristianismo e islamismo existem elementos que levam seus adeptos praticantes a despertarem para o compromisso com a fraternidade entre todos os seres humanos e povos. Uma vez que o lugar dessa reflexão é o cristianismo, apresenta-se o ensino social do Papa Francisco como contribuição para essa empreitada como sonho lúcido a ser alcançado. Na abordagem consideram-se aspectos filosófico-religiosos e antropológico-religioso; identificam-se as religiões como mediações histórico-culturais da relação do ser humano com o Transcendente; as reflexões das encíclicas Laudato si e Fratelli tutti são propostas como contributo do cristianismo para construção da fraternidade universal.
A opção preferencial pelos pobres em Santa Dulce dos Pobres
Authors: Cardoso Ribeiro Edilmar
Published: October 2021

Santa Dulce dos Pobres (1914-1992), ao longo de sua vida, deu início, desenvolveu e sustentou um intenso apostolado social de total dedicação aos pobres, deixando um legado que constitui um dos maiores complexos filantrópicos sociais do Brasil. O objetivo deste artigo é examinar a opção preferencial pelos pobres em Santa Dulce. Por meio de um estudo qualitativo e bibliográfico, o trabalho apresenta a opção preferencial pelos pobres de Santa Dulce como uma radical experiência de amor e serviço, de solidariedade e fraternidade para com os mais necessitados; explica como a opção de Santa Dulce ilumina e é estimulada pela opção preferencial pelos pobres do Episcopado Latino-Americano nas  Conferência Gerais de Medellín (1968), de Puebla (1979), de Santo Domingo (1992) e de Aparecida (2007); esclarece como a opção de Santa Dulce se fundamenta no amor a Cristo sofredor, presente no rosto do pobre, o outro Cristo; e, por fim, propõe Santa Dulce como a boa samaritana da Bahia.
Conflito entre Evódia e Síntique (Fl 4,2): um antagonismo à comunidade ideal
Authors: Gonzaga Waldecir , Da Silva Vilson José
Published: October 2021

Não é incomum encontrar uma comunidade eclesial que não tenha experimentado ou esteja experimentando problemas internos ou conflitos acirrados entre seus membros. Tais problemas, com toda a certeza, afetam, e muito, a vida da comunidade. No entanto, estes problemas não podem ser relativizados, ignorados e muito menos serem fatores de desagregação. À luz desta realidade, o presente artigo tem por objetivo enfatizar que, desde os primórdios da Igreja, os conflitos estão presentes no seu interior e que não é certo romantizar, de modo ingênuo, a vivência das primeiras comunidades a ponto de achar que lá não houvesse conflitos ou que tudo corria às “mil maravilhas”, mas compreender, à luz destes acontecimentos, as comunidades e as relações de conflitos, que se estabelecem também no hoje da história e, tomando como referência a perícope de Fl 4,1-7, evidenciar como o apóstolo lidou com esta situação e quais foram as luzes jogadas sobre o problema e suas possíveis soluções.
Efficiency Evaluation of Hospitals Sterilization by Biological and Chemical Methods
Authors: Ahmadi Davood , Fadaei Abdolmajid
Published: October 2021

Autoclaving is one of the methods which sterilizes medical solidwaste. This study was carried out to evaluate efficiency of autoclaves in two Shahrekord hospitals(Kashani and Hajar) in Iran by biological and chemical indicators. In this study, the performance of autoclave was studied based on biological and chemical through setting 96 tests. Variables were loading type in four groups (light, medium, semi- heavy, and heavy), location, type of hospital , and temperature-135°C, time10min features in fixed pressure equal to 4.2 bar. Biological and chemical indicators were ATCC 7953 which contained Stearotermophilus Geobacillus spores ,and chemical indicator Class 6 with three color circle as weekly, respectively.The best autoclave operational condition based on biological indicator in both hospitals were light loading rate in Kashani and Hajar 66%(8), and 75%(9) desirable results, respectively. Each four loading rate level based on biological and chemical indicators the Hajar hospital with 68% desirable results were more efficiency than Kashani hospital with57% desirable results. According to results of this study (biological index) sterilization failure in kashani and Hajar hospitals were 65%, and 50%, respectively.There is an increased need for suitable regulation and control of autoclave devices and for monitoring and suitable handling of these devices in developing countries.
Phytoremediation of Soil Contaminated With Heavy Metals Using the Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.)
Authors: Toromanović Merima , Jogić Vildana , Ibrahimpašić Jasmina , Džaferović Aida , Dedić Samira , Makić Halid
Published: October 2021

Phytoremediation has proven to be a suitable method for removing heavy metals from the soil with the help of plants. To examine the phytoremediation potential, the experimental study monitored the influence of high and low concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and Zn) on Helianthus annuus L., as well as their accumulation in seeds, roots, stems and leaves. The experiment was carried out during one growing season in outdoor conditions, in pots with a volume of 5L in which Helianthus annuus L. was planted, and the soil was contaminated with these heavy metals in concentrations below and above the maximum allowable concentration prescribed by the Rulebook on Determining Permissible Quantities of Harmful and Dangerous Substances in Soil and Methods of Their Testing. After growth and development of the plant, the experimental research examined the accumulation potential of the plant, the growth of the plant itself and its ability to survive depending on different concentrations of heavy metals. By processing the obtained results, statistically significant differences of heavy metals were determined in individual parts of the plants, depending on the applied concentration. The highest concentration of Zn was recorded in the leaves of the plant in the amount of 18.21 mg/kg, and the lowest concentration in the stem, 3.92 mg/kg. The measured values of heavy metals Cd and Pb differ from the above because the lowest concentrations of these heavy metals were recorded in the seed, and were 12.02 mg/kg for Pb and 9.20 mg/kg for Cd, which is a statistically significantly lower determined value relative to other parts of the plant.
Glass-Ceramics Produced by Vitrification of Coal Fly Ash
Authors: Angjusheva Biljana , Fidancevska Emilija
Published: October 2021

Glass-ceramics based on CAS (CaO-Al2O3-SiO2) system was produced by controlled crystallization of vitrified fly ash. Fly ash was pre-treated by magnetic separation and nonmagnetic part of fly ash (NFA) was used. Maximal crystallization of parent glass occurs in the temperature region from 900 oC to 1160 oC. Glass-ceramics was produced by consolidation of parent glass i.e. pressing (45 MPa) and sintering at 950, 1000, 1050 and 1100 oC, and isothermal time at the final temperature of 30, 60, 120 minutes. The dominant crystalline phase was calcium aluminum silicate (anorthite). The obtained glass-ceramics could be potentially used in construction applications.
The Importance of Set Plays in High Performance Football
Authors: Leite Werlayne
Published: October 2021

The constant recording and evaluation of goal scoring characteristics are important and can present changes and evolutionary trends in football. The objective of this study was to analyze the importance of set plays actions for high performance football, checking the incidence of goals scored through these actions during the 2018 FIFA World Cup. 169 goals scored in 64 matches played in the tournament were analysed. The data were obtained from the FIFA website database, through official summaries and videos of the goals scored. According to the results, 68 goals (40.2%) were scored in actions originating from set plays. This high number of goals scored shows that these actions can be an important means of determining victory in high performance football matches, especially between teams of the same level. Among the main reasons to explain the results, we can suggest the following: greater training and tactical improvement, causing a better collective efficiency of the teams in the execution of these actions; and the insertion of VAR technology, mainly causing a greater number of penalties.
The Importance of Lower Body Strength and Power for Future Success in Professional Men’s Basketball
Authors: Čabarkapa Dimitrije , Fry Andrew C. , Lane Michael T. , Hudy Andrea , Dietz Patricia R. , Cain Glen J. , Andre Matthew J.
Published: October 2021

Heavy resistance exercise is often prescribed for collegiate basketball players to enhance game performance, but few data are available concerning the transference of lower body strength and power to the opportunity to play professionally after college. This study investigated if lower body muscular power and strength measures obtained during the barbell squat are related to future professional playing opportunities. The data was collected over a seven year period from a collegiate men’s basketball program (n=37; X±SD, age=20.0±1.4 yrs, hgt=1.98±0.09 m, bw=94.5±11.8 kg). Lower body strength was determined from 1 repetition maximum (1RM) tests of the parallel high-bar squat. Maximum lower body squat power was determined from speed squat testing across a load spectrum (30-90% 1RM) while an external tethered dynamometer or a 3-D video motion capture system quantified barbell power. Repeated measures ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD post hoc, Spearman ρ correlations, and Cohen’s D effect sizes were used to analyze the results. Subjects who subsequently played in the NBA or in professional leagues elsewhere had greater lower body strength and power. This was mainly attributed to their greater body mass, since strength and power relative to body mass was not different between the groups. Even without statistically significant differences, effect sizes consistently indicated moderate to large differences between the NBA and other professional groups when compared to those who did not play professionally. Regardless, lower body strength and power were related to post-collegiate playing opportunities, with greater values related to higher levels of professional play.
circFL-seq reveals full-length circular RNAs with rolling circular reverse transcription and nanopore sequencing
Authors: Liu Zelin , Tao Changyu , Li Shiwei , Du Minghao , Bai Yongtai , Hu Xueyan , Li Yu , Chen Jian , Yang Ence
Published: October 2021

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) act through multiple mechanisms via their sequence features to fine-tune gene expression networks. Due to overlapping sequences with linear cognates, identifying internal sequences of circRNAs remains a challenge, which hinders a comprehensive understanding of circRNA functions and mechanisms. Here, based on rolling circular reverse transcription and nanopore sequencing, we developed circFL-seq, a full-length circRNA sequencing method, to profile circRNA at the isoform level. With a customized computational pipeline to directly identify full-length sequences from rolling circular reads, we reconstructed 77,606 high-quality circRNAs from seven human cell lines and two human tissues. circFL-seq benefits from rolling circles and long-read sequencing, and the results showed more than tenfold enrichment of circRNA reads and advantages for both detection and quantification at the isoform level compared to those for short-read RNA sequencing. The concordance of the RT-qPCR and circFL-seq results for the identification of differential alternative splicing suggested wide application prospects for functional studies of internal variants in circRNAs. Moreover, the detection of fusion circRNAs at the omics scale may further expand the application of circFL-seq. Taken together, the accurate identification and quantification of full-length circRNAs make circFL-seq a potential tool for large-scale screening of functional circRNAs.
Sex and self defense
Authors: Drott Milton T
Published: October 2021

The fungus Aspergillus nidulans produces secondary metabolites during sexual development to protect itself from predators.
Summation of Powers in Open Resonator with Slotted Coupling Elements
Authors: Kuzmichev I. , Muzychishin B. I. , Popkov A. Y.
Published: October 2021

The paper analyzes the summation of the powers of two sources in a hemispherical open resonator (OR) during its tuning. The first higher axially asymmetric TEM10q oscillation mode is excited in the resonator. A circuit with an E- tee waveguide is proposed, which makes it possible to research the summation of the powers using a Gunn diode. Studies of the conducting part of the millimeter range have been undertaken. It is shown that the coefficient of powers summation of two sources in the OR using slot coupling elements does not exceed 72%. The use of one H- polarized diffraction grating, which is in the resonator, does not lead to a significant increase in the summation coefficient when moving it. This is due to the excitation of the first type of TEM10q oscillations in the resonator.
Zinc Effects Yield of Mustard (Brassica campestris L.) Under Zero Tillage
Authors: Chowhan Sushan , Islam Majharul
Published: October 2021

Zero or no tillage (ZT) mustard (Brassica campestris L.) cultivation is being increased and popularized these days in Bangladesh. But micronutrient management specially Zinc (Zn) with recommended dose of NPKSB fertilizers are poorly practiced in this type of cultivation. Micro nutrient deficiency is an emerging problem due continuous usage of soil resources (ground water, intensive cultivation etc.). Thus, to sustain and adopt the potential yield of modern mustard varieties all types fertilization is must. Basing on this problem an investigation was employed at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) Sub-station, farm, Ishurdi, Pabna to find out definite dose of zinc application under zero tillage mustard cultivation for maximizing seed yield. The study was laid in a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. Two modern varieties viz. Binasarisha-10 (V1) and BARI Sarisha-14 (V2) were tested with six level of Zn doses viz. 0.0 kg ha-1 (T1), 1.5 kg ha-1 (T2), 3.0 kg ha-1 (T3), 4.5 kg ha-1 (T4), 6.0 kg ha-1 (T5) and 7.5 kg ha-1 (T6). Seed were line broadcasted after harvesting T. aman rice during Rabi 2020 season. Data on yield parameters were collected after final harvesting and analyzed by Statistix 10. Results divulge that maximum straw and seed yield was attained with treatment combinations V1T4 (3.63 t ha-1) and V2T4 (2.24 t ha-1) with V2T3 (2.18 t ha-1). Whereas, the minimum was obtained from V2T5 (2.51 t ha-1) and V1T1 (0.99 t ha-1) along with V2T1 (1.01 t ha-1). Hence, soil application of Zn between 3 kg ha-1 to 4.5 kg ha-1 may give satisfactory yield for ZT farming.
Decomposition of Plantain Peel Powder and Assessment of its Effects on Soil Physical and Chemical Characteristics
Authors: Théodore Alla Kouadio , Hermann Roland Gbeze Kpata , Edson Lezin Bomisso
Published: October 2021

This study aims at assessing the effects of plantain (Musa paradisiaca) peel powder on soil physical and chemical properties in the context of sustainable yield management. The experiment took place in the laboratory of plant physiology of the University Félix Houphouët Boigny from July to November 2020. Three designs were set up. Design 1 consisted of 20 g of plantain peel powder added to a 2-cm thick layer of sea sand. Design 2 consisted of 5 g of plantain peel powder added to 250 g of sea sand. Design 3 consisted of a homogeneous mixture of 100 g of peel powder and 200 g of rhizospheric tomato or plantain soil. The designs were regularly watered with distilled water. In the first two designs, the plantain peel powder was added according to two methods. These included surface incorporation and deep incorporation. The experiment allowed us to characterize peel powder decomposition and assess its effects on soil physicochemical parameters. The physico-chemical characteristics of the soils were subjected to a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA 1). STATICA 7.1 software was used to perform all the analyses. Analysis of the results showed that the incorporation method does not influence peel powder decomposition. This decomposition is followed by the release of colored elements. Water retention capacity as well as particle size were improved. The results showed that plantain peel powder is an important source of minerals mainly phosphorus and potassium. It emerges from this study that plantain peel could be a good organic fertilizer for profitable and environmentally friendly agriculture.
Correction of Soil Acidity in an Organic System of Shadowed Coffee
Authors: Casimiro Piscoya Victor , Gonçalves Crespo Cristiane Maria , Araújo Filho Renisson Neponuceno de , Mendes Policarpo Julyane Silva , Lima Cavalcanti Nayane Laisa de , Alves Souza Taiza Karla , Moraes Alex Souza , Cunha Filho Moacyr , Moura Pessoa Gabriel Carlos , Pereira de Melo Robson Carlos , Gomes Tavares Rosangela , Brunes Feitosa Thaiana , Fernandes Milton Marques , Gomes Filho Raimundo Rodrigues , Aires Dias João Lucas , Vidal Santos Luiz Diego
Published: October 2021

Through sustainable agriculture it is possible to explore the coffee culture in consortium with native forests in more rugged reliefs, as coffee is a permanent crop in addition to the climatic conditions offered by the swamps that favor its development. Given the above, the present work proposes, based on the acidity results, to quantify  the need for correctives in the soil to obtain a better nutritional use offered by agroforestry cultivation of organic coffee in the shade with favorable results to increase productivity and, consequently, the farmer's profit. The research was carried out at the Várzea da Onça farm, in the Yaguara Ecological Complex, located in the municipality of Taquaritinga do Norte, Borborema plateau, in the Agreste Pernambuco mesoregion. Altitude, it is necessary to adopt appropriate management techniques that guarantee production, soil conservation and biodiversity, proposing soil correction to guarantee the ideal nutritional conditions for coffee growth. For this purpose, soil samples were collected in the Top (T), Hillside (E) and Pedimento (P) ranges at depths of 0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm when planting shaded coffee and soil samples from Native Forest (MN) preserved and legally protected from the Brejo de Taquaritinga. Active, exchangeable and potential acidity were analyzed, as well as the sum of bases, the potential and effective cation exchange capacity, base saturation and aluminum saturation. The results obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were tested at 5% by the Tukey test. A potential of the system was found with low to very low natural fertility, with a strongly acidic reaction. Thus, adequate soil management and correction techniques are necessary for the crop to absorb all the nutrients made available by the organic matter present on the surface, concluding that all slopes require liming, the slope of Hillside and Mata Nativa they also need plastering for the culture to develop properly.
Enhancement of Vehicle Dynamics with Application of H Arm at Rear Suspension System
Authors: Pavan Kumar Kalyan , Vemula Charita , Sai Baba B.
Published: October 2021

The conventional design and manufacturing of rear suspension system in All terrain Vehicles were  Double wishbone, Semi trailing arm, Mcpherson strut and torsion bar but to overcome the adverse effects such as  wheel wobbling, Uncontrolled Toe and power losses from transmission. So by introducing a H-arm suspension system at the rear end of the vehicle can improve the performance of the vehicle by keeping it stable and able to sustain all the incoming loads from the ground and provides a comfortable drive and by maintaining a constant Toe which will improve the transmission. The primary objective of the suspension system in the ATV is to maximise the contact between the tires and the road surface, providing good handling and steering stability, evenly distributed weight throughout the vehicle and ensuring riders safety also comfort by absorbing the shocks from the terrain. Ansys solver is used for analysis, lotus shark used for the simulation and the modelling is done by using Solidworks 19. Fabrication of the system was done according to the Design values, run- virtual compliance test is performed for checking the vehicle dynamics.
Effect of aging of Cladding Material on Crop Yield under Greenhouse Cultivation
Authors: S. Nair Deepthi , Jinu A. , Sathian K. K.
Published: October 2021

Agriculture is the basis of our economic activity. For improving agricultural production greenhouse technology was developed to prevent adverse climatic conditions. Even though higher yield and profit were obtained from greenhouse production compared to open field cultivation farmers were not satisfied with this technique due to the drastic reduction of crop yield with the aging of cladding material. To test this, an experiment was conducted in the instructional farm of Kelappaji College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology (KCAET), Tavanur, Kerala during the period from April to June 2021. Amaranthus variety CO1 was planted inside two greenhouses where one is having cleaned cladding material and the other is an old one. Microclimatic parameters and the biometric observations of crop in both conditions were compared. Mean monthly values of temperature and light intensity were higher inside the cleaned greenhouse than the old one while relative humidity was higher inside the old greenhouse. Crop growth parameters were higher inside the cleaned greenhouse than the old one except the internodal length. From this study, it was clear that the aging of cladding material has a significantly higher influence on crop performance under greenhouse.
Maternal and Infant Health Outcomes in US-Born and Non–US-Born Black Pregnant People in the US
Authors: Jiles Mariah , Prata Ndola , Harley Kim G.
Published: December 2024

Importance

With disparate Black maternal health outcomes in the US and a steadily expanding non–US-born Black population, it is beneficial to investigate Black maternal health outcomes by country of origin.

Objective

To compare the prevalence of maternal morbidity and infant birth outcomes between US-born and non–US-born Black populations in the US.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cross-sectional study included all registered hospital births in the US from the 2021 National Vital Statistics Systems (NVSS) Natality Data. Eligible patients identified as Black, excluding those who were younger than 15 years, gave birth to twins or multiple infants, gave birth outside of a hospital, or were missing data for maternal morbidity, nativity, or study covariates.

Exposures

Maternal birthplace, characterized as born within the US or born outside of the US.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Five maternal morbidities (ie, maternal transfusion, perineal laceration, ruptured uterus, unplanned hysterectomy, admission to intensive care unit) and two birth outcomes (low birthweight, preterm birth). Logistic regression analyses were utilized to calculate the associations of maternal morbidity and adverse birth outcome with maternal birthplace.

Results

Of a total 3 669 928 registered births in the US in 2021, 499 409 births to mothers who identified as Black were included in analysis; the majority of individuals were aged 20 to 24 years (117 173 [23.5%]), 25 to 29 years (142 890 [28.6%]), or 30 to 34 years (123 485 [24.7%]). Maternal birthplace in the US was associated with a decreased odds of experiencing any maternal morbidity (4411 of 403 822 births [1.1%]) compared with Black people born outside of the US (1593 of 95 587 births [1.7%]) (aOR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.62-0.71). US-born Black people were significantly less likely to experience 3 of 5 maternal morbidities compared with non–US-born Black people: maternal transfusion (aOR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.78-0.97), perineal laceration (aOR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.39-0.48), and ruptured uterus (aOR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.45-0.89). US-born Black people also had a nonsignificant decrease in odds for unplanned hysterectomy (aOR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.56-1.05) and admission to intensive care unit (aOR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.79-1.07). However, they were at increased odds of experiencing key adverse infant health outcomes, including low birthweight (aOR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.58-1.67) and preterm birth (aOR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.47-1.55).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cross-sectional study, significant differences were observed in odds of maternal morbidity and birth outcomes by maternal birthplace within the Black pregnant population in the US. This suggests the need for increased assessment of nativity in Black maternal health research and specific strategies to reduce morbidity for non–US-born populations.
Molecular Testing for the World Health Organization Classification of Central Nervous System Tumors
Authors: Horbinski Craig , Solomon David A. , Lukas Rimas V. , Packer Roger J. , Brastianos Priscilla , Wen Patrick Y. , Snuderl Matija , Berger Mitchel S. , Chang Susan , Fouladi Maryam , Phillips Joanna J. , Nabors Burt , Brat Daniel J. , Huse Jason T. , Aldape Kenneth , Sarkaria Jann N. , Holdhoff Matthias , Burns Terry C. , Peters Katherine B. , Mellinghoff Ingo K. , Arons David , Galanis Evanthia
Published: December 2024

Importance

Molecular techniques, including next-generation sequencing, genomic copy number profiling, fusion transcript detection, and genomic DNA methylation arrays, are now indispensable tools for the workup of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Yet there remains a great deal of heterogeneity in using such biomarker testing across institutions and hospital systems. This is in large part because there is a persistent reluctance among third-party payers to cover molecular testing. The objective of this Review is to describe why comprehensive molecular biomarker testing is now required for the accurate diagnosis and grading and prognostication of CNS tumors and, in so doing, to justify more widespread use by clinicians and coverage by third-party payers.

Observations

The 5th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification system for CNS tumors incorporates specific molecular signatures into the essential diagnostic criteria for most tumor entities. Many CNS tumor types cannot be reliably diagnosed according to current WHO guidelines without molecular testing. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network also incorporates molecular testing into their guidelines for CNS tumors. Both sets of guidelines are maximally effective if they are implemented routinely for all patients with CNS tumors. Moreover, the cost of these tests is less than 5% of the overall average cost of caring for patients with CNS tumors and consistently improves management. This includes more accurate diagnosis and prognostication, clinical trial eligibility, and prediction of response to specific treatments. Each major group of CNS tumors in the WHO classification is evaluated and how molecular diagnostics enhances patient care is described.

Conclusions and Relevance

Routine advanced multidimensional molecular profiling is now required to provide optimal standard of care for patients with CNS tumors.
Ultra-Widefield Optical Coherence Tomography Beyond the Ora Serrata in Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Roti Elizabeth V. , Ni Shuibin , Bayhaqi Yakub , Ostmo Susan R. , Burt Spencer S. , Woodward Mani K. , Jackson John D. , Coyner Aaron S. , Chiang Michael F. , Huang David , Campbell J. Peter , Jian Yifan , Young Benjamin K.
Published: December 2024

Importance

Capturing high-quality images of the entire peripheral retina while minimizing the use of scleral depression could increase the quality of examinations for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) while reducing neonatal stress.

Objective

To evaluate whether an investigational handheld ultra-widefield optical coherence tomography (UWF-OCT) device without scleral depression can be used to document high-quality images of the peripheral retina for use in ROP examinations.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This was a prospective, cross-sectional study in the neonatal intensive care unit at a single academic medical center. Study participants were neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit who met standard ROP screening criteria (birth weight ≤1500 g; gestational age ≤30 weeks). Examinations were performed from January 2, 2023, to May 12, 2024. Data analysis was performed in July 2024.

Exposure

An investigational, contact-based, 800-kHz, 140° (visual angle) UWF-OCT field-of-view handheld device was used during regular ROP examinations.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Images from each examination were captured using the UWF-OCT device, and the zone, stage, and presence of plus disease were diagnosed. If the UWF-OCT system was unable to capture diagnosis, this was recorded.

Results

A total of 507 examinations were performed on 83 neonates (mean [SD] birth weight, 905.1 [362.5] g; mean [SD] gestational age, 189.5 [19.1] days) with this system. The vascular border and disease was able to be visualized in 100% of cases, including to and beyond zone III. In some cases, images were able to clearly demonstrate the ora serrata and even the ciliary body.

Conclusions and Relevance

The UWF-OCT device was able to be safely used to perform ROP screenings and subsequent evaluations and provided volumetric imaging of the ora serrata and sometimes the ciliary body. The findings suggest that such devices may be associated with reduced technical challenges of capturing the entire peripheral retina in telemedicine programs, may reduce pain and stress for delicate neonates owing to the reduced use of scleral depression, and, with adaptation of the system, could potentially allow for peripheral imaging of the whole retina in older children and adults.
Do the Provisional Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation Enthesitis/Spondylitis‐Related Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Criteria Capture Youth With Axial Spondyloarthritis?
Authors: Weiss Pamela F. , Brandon Timothy G. , Aggarwal Amita , Burgos‐Vargas Ruben , Colbert Robert A. , Horneff Gerd , Laxer Ronald M. , Minden Kirsten , Ravelli Angelo , Ruperto Nicolino , Smith Judith A. , Stoll Matthew L. , Tse Shirley M. , Van den Bosch Filip , Maksymowych Walter P. , Lambert Robert G. , Biko David M. , Chauvin Nancy A. , Francavilla Michael L. , Jaremko Jacob L. , Herregods Nele , Kasapcopur Ozgur , Yildiz Mehmet , Srinivasalu Hemalatha , Hendry Alison M. , Joos Rik
Published: December 2024

Objective

The Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation (PRINTO) recently undertook an effort to better harmonize the pediatric and adult arthritis criteria. These provisional criteria are being refined for optimal performance. We aimed to investigate differences between patients who did and did not fulfill these PRINTO criteria among youth diagnosed with juvenile spondyloarthritis (SpA) that met axial juvenile SpA (axJSpA) classification criteria.

Methods

This was a retrospective cross‐sectional sample of youth diagnosed with juvenile SpA who met the axJSpA classification criteria. Demographics, clinical manifestations, and physician and patient‐reported outcomes were abstracted from medical records. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans underwent central imaging review by at least two central raters. Differences between groups were compared using Wilcoxon signed‐rank test or chi‐square test, as appropriate.

Results

Of 158 patients who met axJSpA criteria, 107 patients (68%) met the PRINTO provisional criteria for enthesitis/spondylitis‐related arthritis. A total of 41 patients (26%) did not fulfill any of the three major PRINTO criteria due to lack of peripheral disease manifestations. Demographics, prevalence of inflammatory or structural lesions on MRI, family history of SpA, and duration of pain were not statistically different between those who did and did not meet PRINTO criteria. Those who fulfilled the PRINTO criteria had significantly more peripheral arthritis, enthesitis, and HLA‐B27 positivity but reported less sacral/buttock pain.

Conclusion

Phenotypic differences of children with axJSpA between those who were and were not classified by the PRINTO criteria were primarily due to peripheral disease manifestations and HLA‐B27 positivity. Modification of the PRINTO provisional criteria may facilitate capture of youth with primarily axial disease.
A Novel Filtering Based Maximum Likelihood Generalized Extended Gradient Method for Multivariable Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Chen Feiyan , Liu Qinyao , Ding Feng
Published: December 2024

This study proposes a filtering based maximum likelihood generalized extended gradient algorithm for multivariable nonlinear systems with autoregressive moving average noises. The parameter estimates are obtained by minimizing the half squared residual measurement which can approach the true values. An auxiliary model is also established with the measurable information of the system, and the output of the auxiliary model is used to replace the unmeasurable variables of the system, so that the output of the auxiliary model approximates these unmeasurable variables, so as to obtain the consistent estimation of the system parameters. A maximum likelihood generalized extended gradient algorithm is derived for comparison and a numerical example is provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method and the estimates converge to the actual values quickly.
Annelids‐Inspired Modular Design of Multi‐Modal Deformation for Magnetic Soft Robots
Authors: Nong Shutong , Sun Yuxuan , Sun Boxi , Li Xingxiang , Zhu Zhengqing , Wu Jiyang , Li Dongxiao , Li Weihua , Zhang Shiwu , Li Mujun
Published: December 2024

Magnetic‐responsive soft materials have found extensive applications in biomedicine, robotics, and bionics. They can achieve complex deformations through structural design, magnetization patterns, and driving magnetic fields. However, due to the infinite degrees of freedom in soft materials, more efficient design methods for magnetic soft materials need to be explored. Here, a multimodal unit programming method is proposed for designing hard magnetic soft materials. The structure of the multimodal units is inspired by the segmented structure of earthworms. By altering the combination of single‐tube units, the dual‐tube units exhibit specific deformation modes. This approach simplifies the complex deformation of magnetic soft materials into the single deformations of units, enabling facile programming design of magnetic soft materials. The application of different deformation modes is demonstrated in various scenarios and scale down the units to one‐tenth of their original size for operations at different scales. This further uncovering the potential of magnetic soft materials and providing ideas for their efficient design.
Optimization Strategies for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction Based on Atomically Dispersed Copper: A Review
Authors: Li Yuan , Guan Bin , Zhuang Zhongqi , Chen Junyan , Zhu Lei , Ma Zeren , Hu Xuehan , Zhu Chenyu , Zhao Sikai , Shu Kaiyou , Dang Hongtao , Zhu Tiankui , Huang Zhen
Published: December 2024

The electroreduction reaction of CO2 (eCO2RR) is considered an effective pathway for clean fuel production, greenhouse gas reduction, and resource recycling. Atomically dispersed catalysts exhibit excellent catalytic activity due to the high dispersion of atoms, especially for atomically dispersed copper (AD Cu). Although copper‐based materials are considered major single component materials capable of producing multi‐carbon products, the reaction mechanism is usually not very clear. For AD Cu catalysts, the dynamic transformation of Cu species in the form of single atoms, (nano)clusters, and ions during the reaction process significantly has an effect on the performance of eCO2RR. The core issue that needs to be addressed is how to control and tune the aggregation of Cu atoms to make it most favorable for the desired product or reaction pathways. This review summarizes the optimization strategies for AD Cu in recent years from three main perspectives: interface engineering, electrode engineering, and external field coupling.
Enzyme‐Nanozyme Cascade Flow Reactor Synergy with Deep Learning for Differentiation and Point‐of‐Care Testing of Multiple Organophosphorus Pesticides
Authors: Bai Yujiao , Nie Shun , Gao Wenqing , Li Nianqiang , Zhu Peihua , Zhang Lina , Yu Jinghua
Published: December 2024

Combining nanotechnology with biocatalysts, the construction of a cascade continuous flow reactor is a cutting‐edge strategy to enhance the stability and efficiency of catalysis. In this study, C60@MOF‐545‐Fe nanozyme is synthesized by utilizing fullerene (C60) as a guest encapsulated inside a metal‐organic framework (MOF‐545‐Fe), the unique host‐guest interaction optimizes the oxidase (OXD)‐ and peroxidase (POD)‐like activities, based on which a cascading catalytic strategy is proposed without external energy input. Simultaneously, C60@MOF‐545‐Fe offers the potential to effectively flow at the nanoscale through its unique nanostructure cavity and spatially confined environment. Therefore, the AChE/C60@MOF‐545‐Fe enzyme‐nanozyme continuous flow reactor is constructed by combining C60@MOF‐545‐Fe with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) through supramolecular interactions. Notably, the reactor not only achieves the simultaneous detection of glyphosate, omethoate, and paraoxon but also efficiently differentiates these three organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) by applying the differences in the responses of the three array channels. Subsequently, a portable platform is developed utilizing the YOLO v5‐OPs model based on deep learning, enabling the direct output fitting equation through terminals to achieve rapid point‐of‐care testing (POCT) of OPs. This work not only provides a promising strategy for hazard detection systems but also opens up new avenues for the design of technologies based on flow reactors.
Oral Lactoferrin‐Responsive Formulation Anchoring around Inflammatory Bowel Region for IBD Therapy
Authors: Yang Jinfan , Shang Ning , Li Zhengqing , Xu Ji , Zhou Xin , Zhou Hui , Luo Wen , Xu Peng , Zhou Yucheng , Sheng Xueru , Zhu Zheng , Zhang Mingzhen , Ma Xiaobin , Tan Mingqian , Wu Hao
Published: December 2024

Oral formulation is the ideal treatment method for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) therapy, but the mucosal damage and diarrhea symptoms impede the drug retention around the inflammatory region, severely limiting IBD therapeutic efficacy. To address this, an oral astaxanthin (Ast) precise delivery formulation is developed with the selective Ast anchoring around the inflammatory region by the novel lactoferrin (LF)‐responsive flocculation. This formulation also heightens the apparent solubility of Ast with the minimized edible safety risks for the edible raw materials. For in vivo IBD therapy, the precise delivery formulation exhibits remarkable outcomes, including a significant increase in colon length and a 100% survival rate. Furthermore, it is verified that the mechanism of treatment is primarily attributed to the improved immunoregulation, epithelial repair, and gut microbiota remodeling after the LF‐responsive flocculation. This effective inflammatory‐responsive delivery design is instructive and valuable to develop more precise delivery systems for IBD therapy.