bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of MTHFR C677T Genotyping for Spina Bifida Defects using ARMS-PCR Technique
Authors: Al-Qazzaz Halla Kamal , AL-Khero Zahraa F. , Hameed Hameed Husham
Published: November 2024

عيوب الأنبوب العصبي هي تشوهات هيكلية معقدة عند الأطفال حديثي الولادة. تنجم هذه العيوب عن مزيج من العوامل الوراثية والبيئية في النمط الظاهري غير الطبيعي. تهدف الدراسة الحالية إلى تحديد تعدد أشكال التباين الوراثي في التنميط الجيني لإنزيم ميثيلين تتراهيدروفولات المختزل والكشف عن تعدد أشكال النوكليوتيدات المفردة في عينة الحمض النووي لمرضى السنسنة المشقوقة ومقارنتها مع الأطفال الاصحاء حديثي الولادة. تم جمع عينات الدم من الأطفال حديثي الولادة (50 طفلاً أقل من سنة واحدة) (25 حالة من حالات انشقاق العمود الفقري و25 حالة من الاصحاء). تم استخراج الحمض النووي وتضخيمه بواسطة تقنية تفاعل البلمرة المتسلسل لنظام تضخيم الطفرة الحرارية (تفاعل البلمرة المتسلسل لنظام الطفرة المقاومة للحرارة). تتكون تقنية تفاعل البلمرة الرباعي المضخم من أربعة بادئات (اثنان خارجيان واثنان داخليان) لتضخيم تسلسل الحمض النووي المستهدف للأنماط الجينية المختلفة (أليلات النوع البري والنوع الطافر). تشير النتائج إلى أن الطفرة الجينية للانزيم تتراهيدروفولات المختزل كانت مرتبطة بـالسنسنة المشقوقة عند الأطفال حديثي الولادة ويمكن ان يكون كمؤشر حيوي للكشف عن تطورأمراض السنسنة المشقوقة للاطفال حديثي الولادة.
Clima organizacional y la satisfacción laboral en una empresa del sector educativo, (Carabayllo – Perú) 2022
Authors:   , Chavez Matias Lionel Edgard
Published: November 2024

La constante evolución del mercado empresarial y su concentración de esfuerzos para poder mejorar su productividad ha generado un escenario donde el recurso humano es lo más importante, por ello resulta necesario que las organizaciones mantengan un clima organizacional elevado; Por ello las empresas de hoy en día cuentan con muchas herramientas para poder medir si existe una adecuada satisfacción laboral y con ellos las empresas puedan garantizar el cumplimiento de los objetivos. El propósito más importante de esta investigación se basa en poder determinar la presencia que existe y se encuentra entre el clima organizacional y como este se manifiesta en concordancia al concepto satisfacción laboral de los docentes en una institución dedicada al rubro de la enseñanza. Con ello se estableció mediante el análisis y el discernimiento de las diferentes fuentes de información las variables de estudio fue divida en dimensiones. Metodológicamente se cuenta con un enfoque cuantitativo, de la cual se encuentra estructurado en un alcance correlacional contando con un diseño no experimental, es propicio mencionar que se empleó una muestra de 50 docentes de la institución educativa, donde se prevalió a aplicar un cuestionario de 24 ítems estructurado de acuerdo bajo el esquema de la escala de Likert. Luego mediante los datos obtenidos se logró determinar que la presencia de una correlación positiva considerándose dentro de la escala de fuerte entre el clima organización y la satisfacción laboral, presentando un Rho Spearman de 0.786 y además se presentó un nivel de significancia de (p <0.05) entre ambas.
Comparación morfológica del índice bursal en pollitas de postura inmunizadas con dos programas de vacunación contra la enfermedad de Gumboro
Authors:   , Gamboa Rutti Brigith Zahori
Published: November 2024

El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar el índice bursal, peso de las pollitas, peso de la bursa, peso de órganos (timo, hígado y bazo) y tamaño de la bursa en pollitas de postura inmunizadas con 2 programas de vacunación contra la enfermedad de Gumboro, para ello, se trabajó con 280 pollitas de la línea Hy Line Brown. Se realizó la aplicación de la vacuna viva (cepa SYZA26) a un primer grupo de 140 aves el primer día de edad por la vía subcutáneo; grupo 2 de 140 aves, se le aplicó vacuna viva (cepa intermedia clonada CH80) a la segunda, tercera y cuarta semana; por la vía ocular y oro-nasal (spray) respectivamente. Las evaluaciones se realizaron semanalmente desde 0 a 13 semanas, realizándose necropsias para ver el desarrollo de la bursa, timo, hígado y bazo. Para la evaluación de los datos se utilizó el programa Software SAS y para la comparación entre tratamientos la prueba de T-Student con un nivel de significancia de 5%, la normalidad de los datos y homogeneidad de la varianza con las pruebas Kolmogorov Sminov y Levene correspondientemente. Los grupos vacunados con el programa 1 vacuna viva con cepa SYZA26 (Intermedia plus) presentaron un mejor índice bursal en las últimas semanas del experimento comparadas con aquellas inoculados con el programa 2 vacuna viva con cepa intermedia clonada CH80 (intermedia intermedia); no obstante, el peso de las aves fue inferior p > 0.05 a partir de la semana 4. Es importante evaluar el programa de vacunación y su influencia sobre el índice bursal y desarrollo de otros órganos.
Estudio de oferta y demanda para la atencion de fisioterapia respiratoria en pacientes post covid 19 severo en un hospital publico de Ica – Peru 2021
Authors:   , Calderon Garibay Jose Daniel
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre la oferta de los recursos humanos en salud y la demanda de fisioterapia respiratoria en pacientes con diagnostico post COVID – 19 severo, en el hospital Regional de Ica, el 2021. Metodología. Investigación de diseño observacional, cuantitativo, transversal y descriptivo. La población estuvo definida de acuerdo con la oferta y la demanda del hospital Regional de Ica, que es de nivel III-1. Teniendo como oferta al recurso humano encargado de la rehabilitación respiratoria, los tecnólogos médicos especializados en terapia respiratoria y; como demanda a los pacientes con diagnostico post COVID -19 severo con estado de alta hospitalaria, del citado hospital. Resultados: Durante el año 2021 la oferta de tecnólogos médicos no fue suficiente para cubrir la demanda de atención de pacientes post COVID-19 severo. Los meses donde esta brecha fue grande, fueron: enero, mayo y febrero; mientras que aquellos donde la diferencia fue baja, fueron: octubre, diciembre. La oferta estuvo compuesta por 4 – 7 tecnólogos médicos/mes, (X=5,4), para atender la demanda. La demanda, fue de 7 410 pacientes post COVID-19 severo. Conclusiones: La oferta de tecnólogos médicos especializados en terapia respiratoria fue insuficiente para cubrir la demanda de pacientes afectados post COVID-19 severo durante el 2021. Siendo la brecha más grande en los meses de enero, mayo y febrero de 2021, meses de duro incremento de los casos en el país.
Approach to Exploration Risk Analysis
Authors: Cairns R. J. R.
Published: November 2024

E&P Exchange

Explorers have to live with uncertainty; decision makers have to cope with it. The problem is how to use the information available to make rational and consistent decisions about exploration opportunities while taking uncertainty or risk into account. Conventional methods essentially rely on quantifying risk in the form of a probability to generate expected or risk-weighted outcomes. The underlying and crucial weakness of that stochastic approach is the inability to ascribe probabilities with the required degree of precision.

For any exploration opportunity, the basic information on which the decision has to be made comprises the following.

1. The size of the prize (i.e., the commercial value of success).

2. The entry fee or cost to failure (i.e., the expense incurred when the exploration endeavor is terminated).

3. The explorer or exploration group's technical evaluation of the play.

In the method given here, in addition to preparing a detailed review, the explorer is asked to rank each element of the play on a qualitative scale from A to D, with A representing those elements (e.g., a seal) in which the explorer has a high degree of confidence and D representing those (e.g., migration) in which the explorer has significant doubt or, perhaps, no information (Ref. 1 provides more detail). With the usual four elements (i.e., source, reservoir, trap, and seal), 35 possible outcomes exist that range from AAAA to DDDD, with order not considered important. Bearing in mind that only one element needs to fail for the exploration play to be a failure, no matter how good the other elements are, any play containing a D (because of significant doubt rather than ignorance) is not worth pursuing. In that case, the number of outcomes decreases to 15. If the requirement is at least one A and no D's, there are only 10 outcomes. This is the most significant departure from the conventional analysis. The point to appreciate is that a prospect ranked ABBB could, under the conventional method, have the same risk as one ranked AAAD. Which would you rather drill?
Outsourcing Engineering Services: The Business Side of the Business
Authors: Truman R. B.
Published: November 2024

Management

Summary

This paper provides guidelines for identifying, evaluating, and selecting the appropriate type of outsourcing personnel and estimating the costs associated with use of these resources. A description of available personnel resources (consulting companies, service companies, contractors, and semiretired) is provided along with their applicability to and usefulness in fulfilling outsourcing engineering requirements. Each of these classes of personnel also commands a different price. in the marketplace. A simple means of estimating these costs is provided. The rationale for these costs is developed and presented.

The information presented is useful for all petroleum company managers involved with outsourcing engineering services. It will provide management with the guidelines for selecting a service provider that fits their needs. The methods presented for estimating costs will assist planning and budgeting of outsourcing expenses.

As oil and gas companies downsize, many personnel have become consultants or contract-service providers to the petroleum companies. This paper will provide these people with guidelines for positioning themselves in the market. In addition, it also provides a method of determining their true costs. The paper does not discuss the correct pay for full-time employees. It will discuss what a petroleum company should expect to pay and what the service provider should expect to receive on the basis of the base salary of a full-time employee for the equivalent job within a petroleum company.
Progressive histological and behavioral deterioration of a novel mouse model of secondary hydrocephalus after subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Deng Xuehai , Ding Jianlin , Liu Chang , Wang Zhong , Wang Junchi , Duan Qiyue , Li Weida , Chen Xinlong , Tang Xiaoping , Zhao Long
Published: November 2024

Hydrocephalus commonly occurs after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and is associated with increased morbidity and disability in patients with SAH. Choroid plexus cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hypersecretion, obliterative arachnoiditis occluding the arachnoid villi, channel transporter protein dysfunction of ependymal cells, lymphatic obstruction, subarachnoid fibrosis, and glymphatic system injury are considered the main pathological mechanisms of hydrocephalus after SAH. Although the mechanisms of hydrocephalus after SAH are increasingly being revealed, the clinical prognosis of SAH still has not improved significantly. Further research on SAH is needed to reveal the underlying mechanisms of hydrocephalus and develop translatable therapies. A model that can stably mimic the histopathological and neuroethological features of hydrocephalus is critical for animal experiments. There have been fewer animal studies on hydrocephalus after SAH than on other stroke subtypes. The development of a reproducible and effective model of hydrocephalus after SAH is essential. In this study, we establish a mouse model of SAH that stably mimics brain injury and hydrocephalus after SAH through injections of autologous blood into the cisterna magna via different methods and characterize the model in terms of neurological behavior, histology, imaging, neuronal damage, and white matter damage.
Estimating Weightage and Prioritizing Major Domains of Inclusive Education Assessment Framework using Analytical Hierarchy Process
Authors: KUMAR UMESH , Banerji Haimanti
Published: November 2024

Inclusive education, imperative globally, addresses the challenges faced by a substantial population with disabilities. The principles of human factor engineering, centered on creating a holistic, safe, and sustainable environment, directly align with mainstreaming persons with disabilities. Quality education, a vital aspect of sustainable development goals, enhances societal resilience. In India, the absence of facilities, inclusive infrastructure, and a barrier-free environment hampers inclusive school achievement. This study contributes to an ongoing investigation, creating an assessment framework for successful inclusive education in Delhi's elementary schools. After consensus analysis with 25 experts through two rounds of fuzzy Delphi, 33 assessment indicators were derived across 7 domains. Indicators are previously prioritized by multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods [technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), gray relational analysis (GRA), relative to an identified distribution integral transformation (RIDIT)], this research now aims to prioritize and assign weights to the seven major domains using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). A paper-based survey gathered 71 responses from educational professionals. Results highlight the highest weightage for "availability of appropriate resources (21.4%)" and the lowest for "teacher's Attitude (7.9%)". Future work involves developing an assessment framework for effective inclusive education, utilizing the research's priorities and weights to enhance budgeting, strategic planning, and policymaking for inclusive schools in India.
Shortest path planning and dynamic rescue forces dispatching for urban flood disasters
Authors: LIANG Jun , YANG Lili , ZHANG Zongjia
Published: November 2024

The impact of Urban flood is expanding as global climate change intensifies and extreme weather events increase. It not only poses a threat to the safety of citizens, but also has adverse impacts on the infrastructure and economic development of cities. In this paper, a two-stage modelling approach for shortest path planning and dynamic dispatching of rescue forces (firefighters and fire engines) is proposed for urban flood caused by extreme heavy rainfall. The first stage is to acquire the worst-case optimal travel times from fire stations to local flooding sites. A path selection model for rescue vehicles in a flood is developed and a customized A* algorithm with high search efficiency is created. In addition, a preference-based customized A* algorithm that takes into account travel path preferences is also designed to select paths that consider driver preferences. The second stage is to dynamically dispatch rescue forces to flooded locations. The demand for firefighters at each flood location is estimated based on the population density and the detected real-time flood depth. The travel times obtained in the first stage are used as inputs to a bi-objective dynamic dispatch model, which innovatively incorporates real-time flood monitoring data to make emergency dispatch responses accordingly. This paper jointly considers the path planning and rescue force dispatching, providing rapid auxiliary flood response support for decision makers.
A Comparative Study on Complete and Partial Slot Filling in Automotive Chassis Welding for Fatigue Life Enhancement
Authors: Emon Sazzad Hossain , Nellikode Savyasachi , Lee Jeong Hoon , Kim Myung Hyun , Ku Namkug , Park Si Young , Kim Daewon , Park Yeong-Do
Published: November 2024

The structural components of an automotive chassis, including critical elements like the frame and cross-members, must possess high strength to distribute and support the vehicle's load during operation effectively. In chassis manufacturing, slot welding has proven to be an effective method for improving support and durability under cyclical loading conditions. However, the absence of standardized guidelines for slot-filling during chassis welding poses a significant challenge, particularly concerning the fatigue life of components in the automotive industry. In this study, three different slot geometries were employed and welded by adjusting robotic programming to achieve complete filling (CF) or partial filling (PF) of the slots to improve fatigue life. A hot rolled 590 MPa steel sheet used for automotive applications with a cold metal transfer (CMT) technique was adopted to weld the samples. Digital image correlation (DIC) was conducted to identify stress concentration and the crack propagation path during the tensile loading of the sample. The fatigue crack initiation showed a location similar to the highest stress concentration area, as revealed by DIC. Additionally, an infrared camera was utilized during welding to monitor temperature variations, providing insights into the thermal aspects of each welding condition. The study revealed that higher effective weld width (Weff) in the PF sample enhanced the tensile fatigue life by reducing stress concentration. However, the cross-tensile fatigue properties of the CF sample exhibited a longer fatigue life due to a larger weld size and associated weld width.
Occurrence and human exposure assessment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in ambient river and ground/drinking water around a closed fluorochemical production plant in China
Authors: Xu Chunyan , Yang Yijing , Ling Haibo , Yi Chuan , Zhang Xiangpu , Zhang Ruowen
Published: November 2024

Studies have demonstrated that point source emissions constitute the main direct source of PFASs in water. However, if production/usage and emission from a specific point are stopped, does the point source still present a threat to surrounding waters? In this study, the occurrence and potential human exposure to 17 PFASs in the surrounding ambient river and ground/drinking water within a 13 km around the facility were assessed. Of the 17 PFASs analyzed, 11 were frequently detected in river and groundwater samples, with perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) (36.8−11462.9 ng/L), perfluorobutyric acid (PFBA) (below the detection limit (BDL)−4789.8 ng/L) and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) (3.3−3549.0 ng/L) exhibiting the highest concentrations. Prevalence of short-chain PFASs was observed in both river and groundwater. The spatial distribution pattern showed that locations near the facility exhibited higher PFASs concentrations. The seasonal distribution pattern indicated that the PFASs concentration in river water during the wet season was higher than that during the dry season. However, the seasonal distribution in groundwater was unexpectedly the opposite to that in river water. Nevertheless, the major health risk of PFASs is primarily attributed to the presence of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) with maximum hazard quotients of 6.9 × 102 and 1.0 × 103 and 2.4 and 3.6 for adults and toddlers, respectively. Thus, the potential threat of the closed fluorochemical manufacturing plant to the surrounding waters cannot be ignored.
Salt tolerance performance and associated gene analysis of three tilapia species (strains)
Authors: Yu Jie , Li Dayu , Zhu Jinglin , Zou Zhiying , Xiao Wei , Chen Binglin , Yang Hong
Published: November 2024

The adaptation of fish to salinity is related to a series of life activities such as fish survival, growth, and reproduction. Tilapia is considered to be an euryhaline fish. In the present study, we comparatively analyzed the salt tolerance of three tilapia species (strains) representative in Chinese aquaculture, using 60 days’ growth experiments followed by examination of blood physiological and biochemical indicators, and expression of genes associated with salt tolerance and growth. In this study, the tilapia can grow well in saltwater with salinity up to 25‰ after domestication. Among them, the weight gain rate of the genetically improved farmed tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, GIFT) in the saltwater group was the highest, reaching 189.7%, which was higher than that in freshwater group, and the same was true for Blue tilapia (Oreochromis aureus, OA), and only the weight gain rate of the Nile tilapia Egypt strain (Oreochromis niloticus, ON) freshwater group is higher than that in the saltwater group. However, the survival of all three tilapia species (strains) in saltwater decreased, with the OA being the highest and the GIFT being the lowest. The results of blood biochemical analysis showed that the nutrient consumption and organ damage of the three tilapia species (strains) were different when they were subjected to long-term salinity stress. The results of related gene expression supported the above conclusions. Our study provides an improved understanding of salt tolerance in tilapia and breeding of salt-tolerant tilapia species.
DysUFMylation of SREBP1 promotes the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by reprogramming lipid metabolism
Authors: Yi Yong , Gao Xukang , xu min , Han Zeping , Wang Zhutao , Sun Guoqiang , Xiao Hao , Zhang Dai , Qiu Shuang , Ren Ning , zhou chenhao
Published: November 2024

SREBP1 (sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1), a master regulator involved in lipogenesis, is highly expressed in tumors. SREBP1 is regulated by posttranslational modification, such as ubiquitination, the mechanism by which it maintains high levels in tumors remains unclear. Here, we report that SREBP1 is a target of UFMylation. UFMylation of SREBP1 decreases its stability by synergizing with its ubiquitination. Knockdown of UFL1 (UFM1 specific ligase 1) or DDRGK1 (DDRGK domain containing 1), the crucial regulator of UFMylation, increases SREBP1 stability and in turn promotes HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) progression. Clinically, UFL1 and DDRGK1 expression are decreased and negatively correlated with the level of SREBP1 in HCC. Moreover, we found that fatostatin, a specific inhibitor of SREBP1, can improve the efficacy of lenvatinib. Our findings revealed that UFMylation is a vital posttranslational modification for the regulation of SREBP1 and may serve as a new therapeutic target in cancer.
Bioinformatics analysis combined with whole transcriptome sequencing to explore key genes and regulatory mechanisms of acute type A aortic dissection
Authors: Yang Libin , Yang Xu , Xie Linze , Zhou Xiaojuan , Gong Hao , Yang Peng
Published: November 2024

Traditional treatments for acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) are ineffective, and its mechanisms are unclear. Whole transcriptome sequencing of ATAAD and healthy control (HC) aortic tissues identified differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs), miRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). Target genes were determined by intersecting DE-mRNAs with ATAAD-related genes. Key genes were analyzed using protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis, machine learning, and various functional analyses including gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA), and immune cell infiltration analysis. Regulatory networks and potential drugs targeting key genes were also explored. Out of 1,662 DE-mRNAs and 520 module genes, 177 target genes related to hypoxia response and energy metabolism were identified. Key genes GPD1L, PFKFB4, and PKM were found, with PKM involved in the hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) signaling pathway, which is crucial for ATAAD angiogenesis. Hub miRNAs hsa-miR-224-3p and hsa-miR-199b-5p, and C15orf56 were noted for their regulatory roles. Phosphoaminophosphonic Acid-Adenylate Ester could be a potential drug for targeting PFKFB4. GPD1L, PFKFB4, and PKM are key genes, with PKM significantly influencing ATAAD angiogenesis through the HIF-1α pathway.
A rare case report of an adult with intraspinal gouty stones and concurrent knee joint involvement
Authors: Cao Bo , Wang Jinlong
Published: November 2024

Introduction
Gout usually manifests as acute inflammatory arthritis affecting the peripheral joints, but spinal gout, especially that caused by tophi in the spinal canal, is very rare. Patients with spinal gout often present with nonspecific symptoms that mimic other spinal lesions, posing a challenge for diagnosis. This case report describes the unusual manifestation of tophi in the spinal canal and the gout in the knee, highlighting the complexity of treatment and the necessity of timely diagnosis and intervention.
Case presentation
A 22-year-old male with a history of hyperuricaemia presented with low back pain and radicular symptoms in the right lower extremity. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-ray imaging revealed lumbar spinal stenosis and a mass at the L5/S1 level. The patient underwent surgical resection of the lesion in the spinal canal, and the intraoperative results confirmed the presence of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals. Meanwhile, the patient experienced severe gout in the knee, with manifestations of severe pain, swelling, and limited mobility. The patient's condition gradually improved after treatment with arthroscopic knee surgery and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Pathological examination of the resected tissues confirmed a diagnosis of spinal and knee gout.
Conclusion
This case highlights the diagnostic challenge of treating spinal gout, especially when it manifests as tophi in the spinal canal. The postoperative risk of gout in knee joints makes treatment more complicated. Early identification and multidisciplinary treatment are key to optimizing the therapeutic effect. This case emphasizes the importance of comprehensive uric acid-lowering treatment and vigilant postoperative monitoring for preventing and controlling any complications of systemic gout.
Radiological Presentation of Lung Cancer Patients at Khartoum Oncology Hospital: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Yousif Omer Elgaili , Suliman Tawasol , Elgaili Yousif Omer , Alattaya Abdelmoneim , Abdalla Ahmed Omer , Masaad Awadelkareem
Published: November 2024

Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Early diagnosis through radiological imaging is crucial for improving outcomes, yet most patients present at advanced stages. This study aims to evaluate the radiological presentation of lung cancer in patients attending Khartoum Oncology Hospital between April 2022 and October 2022. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 78 lung cancer patients. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, and radiological findings, including chest X-ray (CXR) and computed tomography (CT) scan results. Correlation between clinical features and radiological presentations was analyzed using appropriate statistical tests.
Among the 78 patients, 56 (72%) were males, and 22 (28%) were females, with a mean age of 61.2 years. The most common symptoms were cough (87.2%) and dyspnea (55.1%). The duration of symptoms was less than one year in 83.4% of cases. CXR findings revealed mass lesions in 48.7% of patients, pleural effusion in 41%, and atelectasis in 38.5%. CT scans identified mass lesions in 86%, lymph node involvement in 83.3%, and pleural effusion in 59%. Metastatic involvement was detected in 24.4% (liver), 21.8% (bone), and 6.4% (adrenal glands). Centrally located lesions were found in 66.7% of patients, while irregular margins were observed in 64.1% of cases. A statistically significant correlation was found between advanced age and central mass lesions (p < 0.05).
The study revealed that lung cancer in Sudanese patients is predominantly diagnosed in males over 60 years of age, with advanced radiological features such as mass lesions, lymph node involvement, and metastasis. The findings highlight the need for early screening and enhanced diagnostic facilities to improve lung cancer detection and management in Sudan.
"Storm-like" ocean submesoscales enhance submarine melting within Antarctic ice cavities.
Authors: Poinelli Mattia , Siegelman Lia , Nakayama Yoshihiro
Published: November 2024

Thwaites and Pine Island ice shelves are responsible for more than a third of the total ice loss from Antarctica. These ice shelves are experiencing accelerated retreat due to a combination of complex air-sea-ice processes. The ice cavities are particularly vulnerable to warm water intrusions but remain severely understudied due to their remote location and the lack of numerical models capable of resolving fine-scale processes occurring within them. Here we show that ocean submesoscale features (1-10 km-size), reminiscent of storms impacting and damaging the coast, regularly form in the open ocean, propagate toward the ice shelves, intrude the cavity and fragilize the ice from below. A state-of-the-art numerical model at 200m resolution and observations below Thwaites' ice shelf highlight that submesoscale motions are ubiquitous year-round in the Amundsen Sea Embayment. Results show that submesoscales are a key contributor to submarine melting, accounting for a fifth of the total submarine melt variance in the area. Results also highlight a positive feedback loop between submesoscale motions and submarine melting, suggesting these ``storm-like" events will gain increasing importance in a warming climate, with far-reaching implications for ice-shelf stability and global sea level rise.
Correlation between taste and smell alterations and quality of survival in patients treated with radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a cross-sectional study in China
Authors: Liang Haixin , Yang Huan , Yin Li , Wang Lan , Jiu Enmei , Li Bin , Pang Huarong
Published: November 2024

Purpose This study aims to assess the prevalence of taste and smell alterations in patients undergoing radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma and to explore the correlation between these alterations and quality of life.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from June 2023 to March 2024, utilizing the Taste and Smell Survey (TSS) questionnaire administered to 135 patients receiving radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal cancer.Results The mean total score on the TSS scale was 9.37 ± 4.595. Among the participants, 91.1% reported alterations in taste and smell, with only 12 cases (8.9%) showing no changes. The severity of alterations was classified as mild in 9 cases (6.7%), moderate in 45 cases (33.3%), and severe in 69 cases (51.1%). The rates of changes in taste sensitivity for salty, sweet, sour, and bitter flavors were 66.7%, 52.6%, 52.6%, and 53.3%, respectively, while olfactory sensitivity changes were reported in 48.9% of patients. Notably, alterations in taste and smell were significantly correlated with anxiety and overall quality of survival scores (P < 0.05).Conclusion Alterations in taste and smell are prevalent among patients undergoing radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, with the majority experiencing moderate to severe changes. These findings underscore the importance of addressing these sensory alterations and their association with psychological well-being and survival quality in targeted interventions.
WITHDRAWN: Pattern Synthesis in Butler-Matrix-Fed Cylindrical Antenna Array for Monopulse NR-IFF Radar Application
Authors: Fallah Mohsen , Nekounam Majid , Armaki Seyyed Hossein Mohseni
Published: November 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors due to author disagreement with the posting of the preprint. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Spontaneous vs Posed: Analysis of Emotion Intensities using Wavelet Coefficient and Support Vector Machine
Authors: Ahmad Asraful Syifaa' , Hassan Rohayanti , Zakaria Noor Hidayah , Sim Hiew Moi , Khairuddin Alif Ridzuan , Shafei Muhammad Luqman Mohd , Kasim Shahreen
Published: November 2024

Emotion detection is a critical aspect of human-computer interaction and various other applications, including real-time video surveillance, psychological studies and social media emotion analysis. Understanding the complexity and nuance of human emotions requires an in-depth look at emotion intensity. Furthermore, occlusion is a common problem in facial emotion detection, leading to low detection accuracy. This paper presents a unique method for utilising Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification with wavelet coefficient analysis to analyse emotion intensities. To assess its effectiveness, we tested our approach on several benchmark datasets, such as the Japanese Female Facial Expression (JAFFE) dataset and the Facial Expression Recognition 2013 (FER2013) dataset. Our method demonstrates scalability and adaptability for application in large datasets, addressing the needs of big data environments. Additionally, we tested our method on occluded sections of the FER2013 dataset to simulate real-world conditions where facial emotions might be partially obscured, such as in video surveillance settings. Results indicate that wavelet coefficient analysis successfully captures nuanced differences in emotional intensity, while SVM performs robustly in classifying emotions, even in challenging, partially occluded conditions. Furthermore, the system’s structure allows for effective implementation in real-time applications and adaptability to the vast data streams typical of social media and large-scale psychological datasets. Our findings suggest that the proposed framework improves detection processes and offers a scalable, adaptable solution for large-scale emotion analysis across varied applications and significant data contexts.
HPLC channel monitoring and analysis based on improved bispectrum adaptive power regulation algorithm model
Authors: Xingliang Cheng , Mingli Zhou , Xiaojun Li , Tongyang Zou , Siyu Men , Lin Chen
Published: November 2024

Aiming at the problems of signal power loss and poor channel equalization in high power line communication (HPLC), an improved bispectrum adaptive power regulation algorithm model is proposed. The algorithm uses bispectral quadratic characteristic model to establish a sparse observation model. By constructing the signal parameter database, the communication signal processing problem is transformed into the estimation of signal motion parameters. At the same time, a new nonlinear adaptive power equalizer is adopted, which has faster convergence speed and lower steady-state mean square error, so that its coefficients can be adjusted and its performance can be adjusted to best adapt to the input signal. The results show that the proposed algorithm can resist noise interference in communication signal processing, and its communication delay is as low as 280ms.
Relationship of Oedaleus asiaticus densities with soil moisture and land surface temperature in Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Du Bobo , Shan Yanmin , Hai QuanSheng , Yue Yuchao , LiWa Ga , Yun Xiangjun , Han Haibin
Published: November 2024

Oedaleus decorus asiaticus (O-decorus) is a significant pest in the grasslands of Inner Mongolia, posing considerable challenges to the development of animal husbandry. To understand the key factors influencing the population distribution of O-decorus, field surveys were conducted from 2018 to 2020, during which the population count, growth stage, and location information of O-decorus were recorded. Daily soil moisture (SM) data and daily land surface temperature (LST) data were obtained from the National Tibetan Plateau Data Center, and a Generalized Additive Model (GAM) was constructed. Our findings indicate that SM (S8) in August of the previous year is the most critical factor, with an F-value of 27.422, followed by LST (L10) in October of the previous year, LST (L6) in June of the survey year, SM (S9) in September of the previous year, LST (L3) in March of the survey year, and LST (L5) in May of the survey year, with F-values of 7.848, 7.223, 5.823, 4.919, and 3.547, respectively. SM (S8 and S9) can be regarded as vital indicators for predicting and monitoring the occurrence of O-decorus. However, the contributions of S8 and S9 to O-decorus density differ significantly. S8 is negatively correlated with O-decorus density, while S9 values below 0.29 m³/m³ can promote the growth of O-decorus. Higher LST during early overwintering correlates with increased O-decorus density. During the survey year, LST emerged as the primary factor affecting grasshopper density. However, LST plays a more complex role during the incubation period. Additionally, we explored the relationship between the density levels of O-decorus and daily SM and LST, yielding similar results. This study clearly identifies SM and LST as the major factors influencing the occurrence of O-decorus, which will aid in predicting and monitoring its density.
Influence of gear tooth surface wear on nonlinear dynamics of aviation planetary gearbox
Authors: Luo Lan , Cui Kangkang , Jiao Haofeng , Lu Jiamin , Zhao Fei , Wei Yongqiao
Published: November 2024

Aerospace planetary gearboxes undergo wear on the gear tooth backlash after prolonged service cycles. Tooth wear leads to alterations in the gear's backlash and friction force. These factors can result in abnormal vibrations of the planetary gearbox, along with an increase in rotational speed, potentially causing damage to the aerospace electromechanical actuator in which it is installed. To investigate the nonlinear vibration mechanism induced by rotational speed at various wear levels, a torsional dynamics model of a single-row planetary gear system is developed. The tooth friction model and dynamic tooth backlash model are integrated into the torsional dynamics model. Subsequently, the effects of wear level and rotational speed on the vibration characteristics of the planetary gear system are analyzed. The findings indicate that at different wear levels, the system response transitions through quasi-periodic 4 motion - quasi-periodic 2 motion - quasi-periodic motion - chaotic motion.
Exponentially Narrow Delay Interval Technique to Stability and Stabilization for Nonlinear Systems and Its Application to Truck-Trailer System
Authors: Lu Bin , Tian Yufeng , Liu Yutong , Yang Yue , Su Xiaojie , Zhang Linsong
Published: November 2024

This study addresses the stability and stabilization challenges in nonlinear control systems with time-varying delays via fuzzy model theory. An exponentially narrow delay interval technique is introduced, facilitated by a single tunable parameter $p$, to equivalently transform the extensive delay period $[d_0, d_2]$ into a series of variable narrow subintervals, expressed as: $[d_{0},d_{2}]=\cup_{i=1}^{2^l}[d_{\frac{i-1}{2^{l-1}}},d_{\frac{i}{2^{l-1}}}]$. Diverging from traditional delay interval methods, this narrow delay interval approach simplifies the optimization process by characterizing each subinterval with just $d_0$, $d_2$, and $p$. The core advantage of integrating the narrow interval approach with fuzzy systems is its capability to accurately represent and manage the intrinsic uncertainty in time-varying delays, thus facilitating robust control in real-world scenarios. A parameter-type reciprocally convex inequality is introduced to estimate the derivative of the narrow Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, enhancing the precision over conventional methods. These innovations contribute to the formulation of new criteria for the stability and stabilization of the T-S fuzzy delayed system. The practicality and effectiveness of the proposed strategies are demonstrated through their application to a truck-trailer system.
Automated Diagnosis of Performance Bottolenecks in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Parab Saurabh , Lee Jonathan , Miyagishima Matthew , Miao Qiushi , Bhamwala Bhargav , Liu Alex , Ah Louis , Sreenaraya Bhagath , Ryu Kun , Schmidt Robert , Cai Mei , Dai Fang , Liu Ping , Wang Shen , Meng Ying Shirley
Published: November 2024

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries offer high energy density and low cost, making them ideal for electric vehicles and aviation. However, the many factors affecting Li-S battery cycling performance complicate researchers' efforts to pinpoint the bottleneck. To address this, a toolkit called High-performance liquid chromatography, Ultraviolet spectroscopy, and Gas chromatography Sequential characterizations (HUGS) was developed using sequential analytical chemistry. Along with this, data analysis software Dr. HUGS© was created to automate the ‘diagnoses’ of the key degradation mechanisms, similar to a doctor assessing a patient. Our analysis reveals that carbon sulfur cathodes suffer capacity loss due to lithium sulfide buildup on the anode. HUGS shows that constant pressure setups in Li-S pouch cells improve compositional uniformity over constant gap setups. Conversely, sulfurized polyacrylonitrile batteries experience non-sulfide solid-electrolyte-interface formation and lithium pulverization—issues mitigated by localized high-concentration electrolytes. This work demonstrates how analytical chemistry techniques and automated data analysis can accelerate the diagnosis of the complexities of electrochemical systems, advancing next-generation, high-performance Li-S batteries.
Neurodynamic Characterization and Prediction of Schizophrenia Using Echo State Networks with Serotonin Modulation: A Temporal and Frequency Band Analysis Approach
Authors: Sowrirajan Anirudh , Sriniva Pranav , Sriniva Sundari Avanthikaa , D Punitha , Dilip Golda
Published: November 2024

Schizophrenia is characterized by significant cognitive dysfunctions, with serotonin playing a crucial role in modulating neural processes. Analyzing the impact of serotonin on EEG patterns can provide important insights into distinguishing schizophrenic patients from healthy individuals. This study integrates serotonin-inspired modulation into Echo State Networks (ESNs) to model the nonlinear dynamics of EEG data from schizophrenic patients, with a focus on key brain regions such as the frontal lobe and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). EEG data were preprocessed (0.1–40 Hz), ICA filtered, segmented, and analyzed using ESNs, with serotonin modulation targeting 5 HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors to simulate effects on frontal and mPFC regions. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and K-means clustering were used to classify schizophrenic and healthy samples. Results showed that EEG patterns in schizophrenia exhibited elevated delta and gamma band activity, with diminished alpha and beta band activity. Serotonin modulation enhanced the performance of ESNs by reducing noise and improving predictive accuracy, particularly in the frontal regions. The incorporation of serotonin modulation into ESNs offers a deeper understanding of the nonlinear dynamics of brain activity in schizophrenia and provides valuable insights into disease-specific EEG features, potentially advancing diagnostic approaches.
Helminth Community Structure of Harlequin Frog, Atelopus Cruciger (Lichtenstein & Martens, 1856) (Anura: Bufonidae)
Authors: Cañizales Israel
Published: November 2024

The harlequin toad (Atelopus cruciger Lichtenstein & Martens, 1856) is an endemic species of Venezuela’s Cordillera de la Costa, found at elevations ranging from 30 to 2,000 m. Currently, only three populations are documented, all on the northern slope of Henri Pittier National Park. Despite the ecological importance of anurans, knowledge of their parasitic fauna in Venezuela remains largely descriptive. This study assessed the helminthological diversity of A. cruciger by examining 97 specimens collected from seven Venezuelan states (Aragua, Carabobo, Cojedes, Distrito Capital, Miranda, Yaracuy, and Vargas) between 1950 and 2009 and housed in three national reference collections. Specimens averaged 29.85 ± 3.30 mm in males and 37.68 ± 5.07 mm in females. A total of 422 helminths were identified, predominantly nematodes (n = 329) belonging to the families Molineidae (Oswaldocruzia), Cosmocercidae (Aplectana, Cosmocerca), and Rhabdiasidae (Rhabdias). Cestodes (n = 93) from the family Nematotaeniidae (Cylindrotaenia) were also present. Parasitization was observed in 80.41% of specimens, with 26.80% exhibiting mixed infections (nematodes and cestodes), 30.93% hosting cestodes exclusively, and 77.32% hosting nematodes exclusively. Epidemiological indices revealed a prevalence of 80.41%, mean intensity of 4.35 parasites, mean abundance of 5.41, and an infection index of 3.50. Parasite prevalence, abundance, and richness were unaffected by host sex or size. Objectives included describing the helminths of A. cruciger, evaluating population-level parasitological parameters (e.g., prevalence, abundance, intensity, and aggregation), analyzing community-level diversity and evenness, exploring parasite-host relationships, and mapping parasite geographic distributions. This study provides new records for both the host and Venezuela, contributing significantly to the understanding of helminth biodiversity in neotropical amphibians. Findings highlight the ecological and conservation value of assessing parasitic communities in endangered amphibians such as A. cruciger.
Mathematical model of information conflict of information networks
Authors: Kashkevich Svitlana , Dmytriieva Oksana , Trotsko Oleksandr , Shknai Oleh , Shyshatskyi Andrii
Published: November 2024

The object of the research information networks under conditions of destabilizing factors.
Investigated problem: The problem that is solved in the study is devoted to modeling the functioning of information networks in conditions of destabilizing influences. Known mathematical models of the functioning of information networks described only a separate process (a set of functioning processes) of a separate level of interaction of open systems. However, the combination of known models of functioning does not allow to obtain a complete picture of the antagonistic information conflict of information networks and the subsystem of destabilizing influences. That is why, in this study, a mathematical model of the antagonistic information conflict of information networks under conditions of complex influence of destabilizing factors is proposed.
The main scientific results: The essence of the mathematical model, which determines its novelty, is that antagonistic information conflict is considered at seven levels of the model of interaction of open systems. Moreover, antagonistic information conflict is considered as a time series at each level of interaction of open systems, where conflict at a separate level affects antagonistic information conflict at other levels of the model of interaction of open systems.
The area of practical use of the research results: This mathematical model is useful in network architecture management systems of communication nodes of different hierarchy levels. This mathematical model will allow formalizing the process of antagonistic conflict of information networks in conditions of complex influence of destabilizing factors, determining the type and duration of destructive influence on the information network. It is also advisable to use this mathematical model as an integral part of the mathematical and software of intelligent decision support systems.
The area of practical use of the research results: software, information systems, decision support systems.
Innovative technological product: part of the software of automated information network resource management systems.
Scope of the innovative technological product: automated information network.