bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Data Mining Algorithm and Its Applications in Basketball Match Technique and Tactical Analysis
Authors: Sun Zhen
Published: May 2022

The basketball game is a process in which players use different basic basketball methods to change their actions according to certain tactical structural forms. In the field of basketball, a huge data is generated during training, matches or competitions, sports management, and national physical fitness tests. During basketball matches, the management uses numerous methods to collect data about opponent teams, some of which are intuitive, while others may not be able to directly display their important information. In the sports domain, the coaches and managers use data mining techniques for transforming sports data into actionable knowledge and training their athletes for possible predictions of the outcomes of the games. This article focuses on the analysis application of data acquisition and preprocessing in basketball techniques, and tactical analysis is studied using the proposed data mining algorithm. The proposed algorithm and data of basketball games were used to make association rules analysis to analyze technical and tactical characteristics. The algorithm generates association rules based on the frequent item sets of basketball technical moves. It is evident from the experimental results that the proposed algorithm leads to high accuracy and better outcomes in terms of prediction.
Strongly Ad‐Nilpotent Elements of the Lie Algebra of Upper Triangular Matrices
Authors: Hu Zhiguang
Published: May 2022

In this paper, the strongly ad‐nilpotent elements of the Lie algebra of upper triangular complex matrices are studied. We prove that all the nilpotent matrices in are strongly ad‐nilpotent if and only if n ≤ 6. Additionally, we prove that all the elements exp(ad x), x strongly ad‐nilpotent generate the inner automorphism group Int t(n, ℂ).
A Geographical and Social Society Attributes Based Privacy Preserving Recommendation Method for POIs
Authors: Wang Meng , Lei Hanzhe , Li Shuyu
Published: May 2022

Point-of-interests (POIs) recommendation technology using user’s check-in data has attracted great attentions in recent years. However, user’s check-in data often contains sensitive information such as time and location data. Due to privacy considerations, many users are unwilling to share their check-in data with untrusted service providers, which has a great negative impact on recommendation quality. Trying to solve this problem, geographical and social society attributes based privacy preserving recommendation method for POIs, named GSSA-PPRM, is proposed in the paper. In the proposed method, a local differentially private matrix factorization algorithm is firstly designed to learn user’s preference with social attribute in client/server style. Then, according to the learned preference and considering geographical distance of POIs, a self-adaptive kernel density estimation algorithm is devised to study user’s check-in behavior. And an algorithm that tallies POI visit count and computes POI popularity by securely collecting user’s check-in data through random response (RR) mechanism is presented. Finally, a rating rule is given to predict the ratings of users for POIs by integrating kernel density estimation and POI popularity. The experimental results on two real datasets validate that the proposed method achieves better POI recommendation quality in condition of keeping user’s privacy.
Research on the Industrial Robot Grasping Method Based on Multisensor Data Fusion and Binocular Vision
Authors: Xie Shangyu
Published: May 2022

At present, most of the handling industrial robots working on the production line are operated by teaching or preprogramming, which makes the flexibility of the production line poor and does not meet the flexible production requirements of the material handling system. This study proposes a solution based on adding computer binocular vision to a five-axis industrial robot system. A simple and high-precision binocular camera calibration method is proposed, the kinematics of the five-axis robot is analyzed, and the target positioning is realized; the communication between the upper and lower robots is realized through Ethernet. According to the specific target, the grasping scheme of the gripper was designed; the control software was developed using two schemes. Visual control is carried out by operating specific buttons on the control panel, and visual control is carried out by executing the macrovariable program, finally realizing the joint fusion of multisensor data and binocular vision.
Neurobehavioral and Biochemical Evidences in Support of Protective Effect of Marrubiin (Furan Labdane Diterpene) from Marrubium vulgare Linn. and Its Extracts after Traumatic Brain Injury in Experimental Mice
Authors: Nidhi  , Singh Govind , Valecha Rekha , Shukla Govind , Kaushik Deepak , Rahman Mohammad Akhlaquer , Gautam Rupesh K. , Madan Kumud , Mittal Vineet , Singla Rajeev K.
Published: May 2022

Traumatic brain injuries due to sudden accidents cause major physical and mental health problems and are one of the main reasons behind the mortality and disability of patients. Research on alternate natural sources could be a boon for the rehabilitation of poor TBI patients. The literature indicates the Marrubium vulgare Linn. and its secondary metabolite marrubiin (furan labdane diterpene) possess various pharmacological properties such as vasorelaxant, calcium channel blocker, antioxidant, and antiedematogenic activities. Hence, in the present research, both marrubiin and hydroalcoholic extracts of the plant were evaluated for their neuroprotective effect after TBI. The neurological severity score and oxidative stress parameters are significantly altered by the test samples. Moreover, the neurotransmitter analysis indicated a significant change in GABA and glutamate. The histopathological study also supported the observed results. The improved neuroprotective potential of the extract could be attributed to the presence of a large number of secondary metabolites including marrubiin.
Evidence‐Based Nursing Model in Interventional Thrombolysis for Acute Lower Extremity Arterial Embolism
Authors: Yang Meijuan , Chen Lijiao , Zhang Min , Huang Xiaoling , Zhao Wenjun , Wang Hui
Published: May 2022

Acute lower extremity arterial embolism (AE) is a serious clinical emergency, and, if not treated in time, it can easily lead to limb ischemia and necrosis and eventually facing amputation, which seriously damages patients' physical and mental health. In the past, the conventional drug thrombolytic therapy had slow and limited efficacy, and the best time for treatment is easily delayed, while arterial dissection and thrombectomy treatment, although fast, is traumatic and has many complications, which is not easily accepted by patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of evidence‐based care model in the application of interventional thrombolysis for acute lower limb arterial embolism. Seventy‐two patients with acute lower limb arterial embolism who underwent interventional thrombolysis treatment received by the Department of Vascular Surgery of our hospital from July 2016 to December 2021 were randomly divided into a control group (given conventional nursing services) and a quality group (given full quality nursing services) to compare the effect of nursing services in the two groups. The results showed that the postoperative psychological status of patients in the quality group was significantly better than that of patients in the control group (P < 0.05). The total incidence of postoperative adverse events and the total treatment efficiency of the quality group were better than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The efficacy of quality nursing care in patients with acute lower extremity arterial embolism is more desirable than conventional nursing care and is recommended. The site of vascular occlusion after bypass surgery can be clarified when angiography is performed after thrombolytic therapy, which can help secondary surgical intervention to prolong the time to patency. The efficacy of quality nursing care in patients with acute lower extremity arterial embolism is more desirable than that of conventional nursing care and is recommended.
Question and Answer Techniques for Financial Audits in Universities Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Li Qiang
Published: May 2022

Financial auditing in universities is highly specialized, with a huge knowledge system and rapid updates. Auditors will encounter various problems and situations in their work and need to acquire domain knowledge efficiently and accurately to solve the difficulties they encounter. The existing audit information software, however, is mostly aimed at the management of audit affairs and lacks the relevant functions to acquire and retrieve knowledge of specific audit domains. In this study, we use deep learning theory as support to conduct an in-depth study on the key technologies of question and answer systems in the field of financial auditing in universities. In the question-answer retrieval stage, the local information and the global information of the sentence are first modelled using a two-way coding model based on the attentional mechanism, and then, an interactive text matching model is used to interact directly at the input layer, and a multilayer convolutional neural network model cable news network (CNN) is used to extract the fine-grained matching features from the interaction matrix; this study adopts two matching methods. We have conducted comparative experiments to verify the effectiveness and application value of the entity recognition algorithm based on this study’s algorithm and the question-answer retrieval model based on multi-granularity text matching in the university financial audit domain.
Application of Artificial Intelligence Combined with 5G Technology in the Reform of English Teaching in Universities
Authors: Liu Can , Sun Xia
Published: May 2022

The language assistance and learning sectors have currently undergone restructuring in the period of fifth-generation (5G) communication and artificial intelligence, influenced by technologies, cloud services, learning techniques, speaker identification, language processing, virtual environments, expanded actuality, and blended actuality. This study proposes a routing protocol of modernized energy-optimized low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchical protocol (M-LEACH) using artificial intelligence and 5G Internet technologies for online English teaching. A dataset of 6,600,000 items, containing 3,250,000 favorable and unfavorable texts in English, is employed. The dataset is preprocessed using normalization to eliminate the impulse noises. Discriminant features are extracted using a variational autoencoder (VAE), and a random forest (RF) classifier is used to classify the features with accurate performance. The performance of the protocol is measured in terms of transmission rate, alive nodes, energy consumption, and a number of transmitted packets. Results show that the proposed M-Leach protocol provides a high transmission rate, maximum transmitted packets, more alive nodes, and minimum energy consumption as compared to other protocols. The proposed protocol will transform online English teaching from closed to open, and passive to active learning, dramatically changing the time and space scenarios, as well as the supply levels of English education.
Efficacy and Safety of Intravitreal Injection of Triamcinolone Acetonide and Conbercept for Intraocular Lens after Cataract Surgery
Authors: Tang Bin , Wang Xiaoxuan , Luo Yi , Li Zhi , He Yannan
Published: May 2022

Objective. To investigate the effect of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide and conbercept on the efficacy and safety of diabetic macular edema (DME) after cataract intraocular lens (IOL) surgery. Methods. A total of 350 patients with cataract complicated with diabetic macular edema in our hospital from January 2017 to July 2021 were randomly divided into conbercept group and triamcinolone acetonide group. Patients in the conbercept group were given intravitreal injection of conbercept during IOL surgery, and patients in the triamcinolone acetonide group were given injection of triamcinolone acetonide during surgery. Results. Three months after treatment, the best-corrected visual acuity of the two groups was significantly higher than before, the corrected visual acuity of the conbercept group was more significant than the triamcinolone acetonide group, and the intraocular pressure of the triamcinolone acetonide group was higher than the conbercept group. The foveal thickness and macular volume were significantly reduced in both groups, and was reduced more in the conbercept group than in the triamcinolone acetonide group. The contents of VEGF, SDF-1, and IL-6 in both groups were significantly decreased, and the decrease was more significant in the conbercept group than in the triamcinolone acetonide group. The patients with elevated intraocular pressure, headache and vomiting, orbital swelling pain, eye swelling pain, and eye pain in the triamcinolone acetonide group were significantly higher than those in the conbercept group (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusions. Conbercept and triamcinolone acetonide has a good therapeutic effect on DME in pseudophakic eyes after cataract IOL surgery, which can reduce the degree of macular edema and improve the visual function. However, the therapeutic effect of injection therapy with conbercept is safe, the prognosis is better, and the complication rate is low.
Efficacy of Acacia nilotica Linn. Pod’s Sitz Bath plus Vaginal Pessary in Syndromic Management of Abnormal Vaginal Discharge: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Saeedi Rushda , Sultana Arshiya , Rahman Khaleequr , Belal Bin Heyat Md , Kamal Mohammad Amjad , Ishawu Mumuni
Published: May 2022

Objectives. Abnormal vaginal discharge (Sayalan al-Rahim) is a common public health problem that significantly disrupts the health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Syndromic management infers the concurrent treatment of two or more infections. Hence, a comparative, single-blind study was planned to determine the efficacy of Acacia (Acacia nilotica Linn.) pod’s sitz bath (Abzan) plus vaginal pessary (Farzaja) vs. placebo in abnormal vaginal discharge syndromic management, its associated symptoms, and women’s HRQoL. Methods. Diagnosed patients (n = 66) were randomly divided into Acacia (n = 33) and placebo (n = 33) group. Acacia group received Sitz bath with Acacia pod powder (30g) solution followed by vaginal cotton pessary (5 ml of the same solution) once daily for 10 days. The placebo group received palm sugar powder (30g) solution for Sitz bath plus vaginal cotton pessary same as the Acacia group. Primary outcomes included clinical cure assessed with VAS for symptoms and Modified McCormack Pain Scale (McPS) for pelvic tenderness. The secondary outcomes included were the EQ-5D-5 L questionnaire, TSQM questionnaire, sachet count, and microbiological cure. Overall, therapeutic cure included clinical and microbiological cure after treatment. Results. The overall therapeutic cure for bacterial vaginosis, cervicitis, and uncomplicated pelvic inflammatory disease was 100% (n = 7/7), 45.45% (n = 10/22), and 71.42% (n = 5/7), respectively, in the Acacia group, while in the placebo group none of the patients had responded. The VAS score for symptoms was significantly reduced in Acacia than in the placebo group. At each follow-up, the improvement in the EQ-5D-5 L level of HRQoL was significantly higher in the Acacia group than in the placebo group. Conclusion. Acacia would be an effective and safe alternative in syndromic management of abnormal vaginal discharge, associated symptoms, and improved women’s HRQoL. Trial registration. This trial was registered in the Clinical Trials Registry of Indian Trials Website and given the identification no. CTRI/2018/02/012175 (dated: 27/02/2018).
Well Placement Optimization for Fractured Reservoirs: Coupling StoSAG and EDFM
Authors: Xu Jianchun , Guo Wanhang , Zhou Wenxin
Published: May 2022

Well placement optimization is a significant task in oil field development which aims to find the optimal well locations by maximizing the net present value (NPV) or other objective function. It is a highly nonlinear problem involving large number of variables. Despite lots of work has been done on conventional reservoirs, the optimization tool for naturally fractured reservoir (NFR) is still rare. Naturally fractured reservoirs represent significant amounts of oil reserves. The well placement optimization for NFR is challenging due to the high heterogeneity of matrix and fracture system. In this work, a computer-aided well placement optimization method is established for NFR based on the recent advances. The two phases flow discrete fracture numerical simulation model, i.e., the embedded discrete fracture method (EDFM) is used to model the natural fractures as its computational efficiency and flexibility to handle fracture. Then, stochastic simplex approximate gradient (StoSAG) is employed to obtain the approximate gradient by combing the EDFM. The steepest ascent algorithm is used to find the optimal well placement. A series of numerical case studies are set up to examine the performance of the proposed approach. The NPV for water flooding naturally fractured reservoir production optimization substantially increased by using StoSAG.
A Performance Comparison of Unsupervised Techniques for Event Detection from Oscar Tweets
Authors: Malik Muzamil , Aslam Waqar , Aslam Zahid , Alharbi Abdullah , Alouffi Bader , Rauf Hafiz Tayyab
Published: May 2022

People’s lives are influenced by social media. It is an essential source for sharing news, awareness, detecting events, people’s interests, etc. Social media covers a wide range of topics and events to be discussed. Extensive work has been published to capture the interesting events and insights from datasets. Many techniques are presented to detect events from social media networks like Twitter. In text mining, most of the work is done on a specific dataset, and there is the need to present some new datasets to analyse the performance and generic nature of Topic Detection and Tracking methods. Therefore, this paper publishes a dataset of real-life event, the Oscars 2018, gathered from Twitter and makes a comparison of soft frequent pattern mining (SFPM), singular value decomposition and k-means (K-SVD), feature-pivot (Feat-p), document-pivot (Doc-p), and latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA). The dataset contains 2,160,738 tweets collected using some seed words. Only English tweets are considered. All of the methods applied in this paper are unsupervised. This area needs to be explored on different datasets. The Oscars 2018 is evaluated using keyword precision (K-Prec), keyword recall (K-Rec), and topic recall (T-Rec) for detecting events of greater interest. The highest K-Prec, K-Rec, and T-Rec were achieved by SFPM, but they started to decrease as the number of clusters increased. The lowest performance was achieved by Feat-p in terms of all three metrics. Experiments on the Oscars 2018 dataset demonstrated that all the methods are generic in nature and produce meaningful clusters.
An Isometric and Functionally Based 4-Stage Progressive Loading Program in Achilles Tendinopathy: A 12-Month Pilot Study
Authors: Krogh Thøger Persson , Jensen Thomas Theis , Madsen Merete Nørgaard , Fredberg Ulrich
Published: May 2022

Background. Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is a common musculoskeletal disorder, and its management remains challenging. Hypothesis/Purpose. By conducting a pilot study, we aimed to assess the feasibility, safety, and clinical improvement of a new home-based 4-stage rehabilitation program with progressive loading including isometric exercises on a small scale prior to setting up a randomized controlled trial. Methods. Ten recreational athletes with chronic midportion AT were included. The primary outcome was change in VISA-A score after 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months. Secondary outcomes included tenderness on palpation of the tendon and ultrasonographic changes after 6 months. Results. Average VISA-A improvements of 26.9 points (

P
=
0.004

) and 35.4 points (

P
=
0.006

) were observed at 6- and 12-month follow-up, respectively. Tenderness on palpation of the tendon (0–10) was reduced from 5.5 to 2.5 (

P
<
0.001

). Color Doppler ultrasound activity (0–4) was reduced by 50%, from an average of grade 2 to grade 1 (

P
=
0.023

). The hypoechoic cross-sectional area of the Achilles tendon was reduced from an average of 29.1% to 8.5% (

P
=
0.001

). Tendon thickness showed no statistically significant change (

P
=
0.415

). Conclusion. Following the 4-stage rehabilitation program for AT based on isometric training and progressive loading, we observed improvement in both VISA-A score and ultrasonography in a group of athletes who had previously failed to benefit from standard AT rehabilitation. The study was feasible in terms of high adherence to the program and with no observed safety issues. The results of this pilot study support a further assessment of this specific approach for rehabilitation in a future randomized controlled trial.
Unraveling the Phytochemistry, Traditional Uses, and Biological and Pharmacological Activities of Thymus algeriensis Boiss. & Reut
Authors: Mahdi Ismail , Bakrim Widad Ben , Bitchagno Gabin Thierry M. , Annaz Hassan , Mahmoud Mona F. , Sobeh Mansour
Published: May 2022

Growing concern for public health has increased the need to change the paradigm towards a healthcare system that advocates holistic practices while reducing adverse effects. Herbal therapy is becoming an integral part of the therapeutic arsenal, and several successful plant-derived compounds/molecules are being introduced into the market. The medicinal plants belonging to the genus Thymus are among the most important species within the Lamiaceae family. One of them is Thymus algeriensis which is mainly distributed in the Mediterranean region. For a long time, this species has been used in traditional medicine to treat several disorders and diseases including inflammation, diabetes, rheumatism, digestive, and respiratory affections. This review describes the traditional uses, phytochemical composition, and biological and pharmacological activities of T. algeriensis extracts. Data were obtained using electronic databases such as SciFindern, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science. Several plant-based extracts and a broad spectrum of identified secondary metabolites were highlighted and discussed with respective activities and modes of action. T. algeriensis represents a promising natural resource for the pharmaceutical industry mainly for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. Considering these findings, more research is needed to transmute the conventional uses of T. algeriensis into scientifically sound information. Moreover, extensive preclinical, clinical, toxicological, and pharmacokinetic trials on this species and its derivatives compounds are required to underpin the mechanisms of action and ensure its biosafety and efficiency. This comprehensive review provides a scientific basis for future investigations on the use of T. algeriensis and derived compounds in health maintenance and promotion and disease prevention.
Evaluation of Rural Tourism Resources Based on AHP-Fuzzy Mathematical Comprehensive Model
Authors: Yang Shihe , Kong Xiangtong
Published: May 2022

With the rapid development of science and technology and the steady recovery of the economy, rural ecotourism has become the first choice for many residents for tourism and entertainment. As an integral part of urban-rural integration planning, rural ecotourism can play a positive role in promoting the development of the township economy and farmers' entrepreneurship and employment. In recent years, rural ecotourism has been vigorously developed and promoted under the supportive policies and the high attention of local governments. Based on in-depth research on the comprehensive evaluation index system of sustainable development of rural tourism resources at home and abroad, this paper selects 15 3-level indicators from four aspects of management planning, economic development, environmental protection, and social value to evaluate the rural tourism in Huangqiao Town. A fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is carried out on the sustainable development level of resources. The evaluation results show that the comprehensive score of the sustainable development level of rural tourism resources in Huangqiao Town is “good,” which indicates that Huangqiao Town pays more attention to the development and utilization of rural tourism resources.
An Intelligent Designing Approach for Personalized Products Using Product Gene
Authors: Yang Cheng , Wang Hangji , Song Yu
Published: May 2022

The demand for product design has risen as new technologies such as big data and cyber-physical systems (CPSs) emerge. Digital product design entails employing modern digital technology to complete the product design process. In the contemporary world, the trend of consumers’ preference for customized design products is rising exponentially. To meet this demand, the product evolutionary design approach is used in this paper. It is based on user preferences by realizing the personalized intelligent design of products. For instance, if one takes the example of table lamps, based on the method of parametric modeling, the parameters of shape and material are used as product genes for chromosome coding. In our proposed approach, the multiobjective bee colony interactive evolutionary algorithm (MBCIEA) is used to build the table lamp evolution system by relying on the color harmony theory. To evolve the design scheme, the user choice is employed as the fitness value. The findings of a comparative experiment between this technique and the existing schemes suggest that this method may let users engage more effectively in collaborative design and achieve a good customized design scheme.
Methods for Facial Expression Recognition with Applications in Challenging Situations
Authors: Pise Anil Audumbar , Alqahtani Mejdal A. , Verma Priti , K Purushothama , Karras Dimitrios A. , S Prathibha , Halifa Awal
Published: May 2022

In the last few years, a great deal of interesting research has been achieved on automatic facial emotion recognition (FER). FER has been used in a number of ways to make human-machine interactions better, including human center computing and the new trends of emotional artificial intelligence (EAI). Researchers in the EAI field aim to make computers better at predicting and analyzing the facial expressions and behavior of human under different scenarios and cases. Deep learning has had the greatest influence on such a field since neural networks have evolved significantly in recent years, and accordingly, different architectures are being developed to solve more and more difficult problems. This article will address the latest advances in computational intelligence-related automated emotion recognition using recent deep learning models. We show that both deep learning-based FER and models that use architecture-related methods, such as databases, can collaborate well in delivering highly accurate results.
Heuristic Algorithm for Cross‐Platform Credit Risk Transmission Based on Hybrid Strategies
Authors: Xiaodong Zhang , Hong Shen , Tao Wang , Yazhi Li
Published: May 2022

Credit risk transmission between cross‐platforms is an important issue in the construction of a credit service system. The effect of credit risk transmission between credit entities (nodes) is analyzed in this paper. A heuristic algorithm based on hybrid strategies (HAHS) is proposed to find risk transmission paths and calculate the influence of nodes. Besides, a novel community model is applied to predict the credit risk areas in advance. In detail, the mathematical association structure between credit entities is firstly given in the algorithm, and the breadth first search algorithm is used to find the hierarchical nodes on the credit risk transmission paths. Then, the characteristics of credit risk transmission are analyzed, and the calculation methods of single‐path and multipath influence are proposed. Finally, the credit entities are divided into communities based on a greedy strategy considering the characteristics of the credit entity association structure. The threshold control strategy is adopted to find global key nodes among all of the entities and local key nodes in communities, respectively, so as to realize the early warning of credit risk.
Hematopoietic Prostaglandin D2 Synthase Controls Tfh/Th2 Communication and Limits Tfh Antitumor Effects
Authors: Mary Romain , Chalmin Fanny , Accogli Théo , Bruchard Mélanie , Hibos Christophe , Melin Joséphine , Truntzer Caroline , Limagne Emeric , Derangère Valentin , Thibaudin Marion , Humblin Etienne , Boidot Romain , Chevrier Sandy , Arnould Laurent , Richard Corentin , Klopfenstein Quentin , Bernard Antoine , Urade Yoshihiro , Harker James A. , Apetoh Lionel , Ghiringhelli François , Végran Frédérique
Published: May 2022

T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are a subset of CD4+ T cells essential in immunity and have a role in helping B cells produce antibodies against pathogens. However, their role during cancer progression remains unknown. The mechanism of action of Tfh cells remains elusive because contradictory data have been reported on their protumor or antitumor responses in human and murine tumors. Like Tfh cells, Th2 cells are also involved in humoral immunity and are regularly associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis, mainly through their secretion of IL4. Here, we showed that Tfh cells expressed hematopoietic prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) synthase in a pSTAT1/pSTAT3-dependent manner. Tfh cells produced PGD2, which led to recruitment of Th2 cells via the PGD2 receptor chemoattractant receptor homologous molecule expressed on Th type 2 cells (CRTH2) and increased their effector functions. This cross-talk between Tfh and Th2 cells promoted IL4-dependent tumor growth. Correlation between Th2 cells, Tfh cells, and hematopoietic PGD2 synthase was observed in different human cancers and associated with outcome. This study provides evidence that Tfh/Th2 cross-talk through PGD2 limits the antitumor effects of Tfh cells and, therefore, could serve as a therapeutic target.
Analysing Subgroups and Treatment Discontinuation in a Finnish Cohort of Patients with Neovascular AMD
Authors: Ollila Terhi , Silvennoinen Juuso , Joshi Ashwini , Liu Jia , Kulathinal Sangita , Immonen Ilkka
Published: May 2022

Purpose: We aimed to study the regional detailed visual outcome and treatment discontinuation of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Methods: Clinical records of 110 patients treated for nAMD at the sole referral centre in the Helsinki region were analysed retrospectively. The follow-up was up to the fourth year. Results: The mean visual acuity (VA) at baseline was 56.3 (SD 16.2) letters. The mean last VA at the first year was 59.7 (20.2), and the corresponding values for the second, third, and fourth years were 60.8 (20.6), 60.0 (19.0), and 59.7 (19.3). The mean difference from baseline was +3.39 (SD 14.6), +3.59 (17.6), +0.08 (18.9), and +3.08 (14.3). The number of patients declined each year, with only 51% of the patients being in treatment until the fourth year. The patients with shorter duration of follow-up tended to have a lower baseline VA, lesser gains, and an earlier decline in VA. The VA levels at the last visit were poorer in the shorter follow group. The initial VA response predicted later VA, whereas VA at baseline, age, or sex had no effect. However, the effect vanished with a longer time in treatment. Conclusions: Long-term VA stabilization was obtained in a regional material. Patients with neovascular AMD consist of cohorts with varying visual outcome and treatment time. Many of the patients benefit from the treatment for some time, however. When comparing real-world results, the outcome of the different follow-up time cohorts should be considered. This calls for new methods for analysing real-world nAMD treatment results.
Analysis of the Pallial Amygdala in Anurans: Derivatives and Cellular Components
Authors: Jiménez Sara , Moreno Nerea
Published: May 2022

The amygdaloid complex plays a crucial role in socio-emotional conduct, learning, survival, and reproductive behaviors. It is constituted by a set of nuclei presenting a great cellular heterogeneity and embryonic origin diversity (pallial, subpallial, and even extra-telencephalic). In the last two decades, the tetrapartite pallial paradigm defined the pallial portion of the amygdala as a derivative of the lateroventral pallium. However, the pallial conception is currently being reanalyzed and one of these new proposals is to consider the mouse pallial amygdala as a radial histogenetic domain independent from the rest of the pallial subdomains. In anamniotes, and particularly in amphibian anurans, the amygdaloid complex was described as a region with pallial and subpallial components similar to those described in amniotes. In the present study carried out in Xenopus laevis, after a detailed analysis of the orientation of the amygdalar radial glia, we propose an additional amygdala derived from the pallial region. It is independent of the vomeronasal/olfactory amygdaloid nuclei described in anurans, expresses markers such as Lhx9 present in the mammalian pallial amygdala, and lacks Otp-expressing cells, detected in the adjacent medial amygdala. Further studies are needed to clarify the functional involvement of this area, and whether it is a derivative of the adjacent ventral pallium or an independent pallial domain.
Forty Years of Descriptive Epidemiology of Stroke
Authors: Béjot Yannick
Published: May 2022

Accurate knowledge of epidemiological features is crucial to facilitate healthcare planning, prevention, and management of stroke. This article aims to provide an overview of the major advances in descriptive epidemiology of stroke over the past forty years, from the pioneering studies to the development of quality criteria for the conduct of population-based incidence registries, and the implementation of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) study. Several current challenges are highlighted, including the demographic transition and aging of the population, which are dramatically increasing the number of stroke patients each year and the global burden of the disease worldwide, thus calling for additional efforts and new paradigms to improve prevention and reduce this demographical impact.
Resurrection of the African gecko genus Ancylodactylus Müller, 1907 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) and description of six new species from Kenya
Authors: MALONZA PATRICK K. , BAUER AARON M.
Published: May 2022

The genus Cnemaspis as presently construed is polyphyletic, with African, South Asian and Southeast Asian clades each representing independent lineages. The name Ancylodactylus Müller, 1907 is available for the African clade of forest geckos and features previously identified as putatively diagnostic of this group (loss or reduction of the second phalanx of digit IV of manus and pes, as well as a markedly dilated basal portions of the digits) are here regarded as characters supporting the monophyly of Ancylodactylus. Six new species of Ancylodactylus are described: A. kenyaensis sp. nov., A. kituiensis sp. nov., A. mathewsensis sp. nov., A. laikipiensis sp. nov., A. spawlsi sp. nov., and A. chyuluensis sp. nov. on the basis of unique combinations of body size, trunk and tail tubercles, median subcaudal scales, precloacal pores, enlarged subdigital plates, ventral color, and throat color and patterning. Ancylodactylus kenyaensis is among the largest members of the genus, reaching 65 mm SVL, whereas A. spawlsi and A. chyuluensis, with maximum SVLs of 30 mm or less, are the smallest of all members of the genus. All these geckos are chiefly scansorial, occurring on tree trunks, fallen logs and/or in rock outcrops. Ancylodactylus kituiensis and A. mathewsensis occur in isolated dryland hilltop forests surrounded by large tracts of arid lands and are locally abundant in suitable rock outcrops or caves, where they occur in small colonies. Ancylodactylus kenyaensis is a montane forest species found on tree trunks with cracks and crevices, whereas A. spawlsi is a montane forest species found in crevices and beneath loose bark of tree trunks as well as in rock crevices and slabs. Ancylodactylus laikipiensis is likewise both rupicolous and arboreal and A. chyuluensis has been taken only from a pitfall trap in a dry forest patch. All the new species are endemic to relatively small, circumscribed areas within Kenya and all occur within protected areas. At present we consider their IUCN conservation status to be Data Deficient. Herpetological surveys are recommended in other unexplored or under-explored forest areas, particularly hilltop montane forests in isolated dryland rocky hills as these may harbor other undescribed Ancylodactylus species or previously undocumented populations of known species.
External morphology of larva and polytene chromosomes of Clunio marinus Haliday, 1855 (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae) from two localities of the Atlantic coast
Authors: MICHAILOVA PARASKEVA
Published: May 2022

The larva of Clunio marinus Haliday is described based on field and reared material, collected along the coast of Vigo (Spain) and Helgoland (Germany). C. marinus can be easily distinguished from other known European Clunio species on the basis of some species-specific features found in fourth instar larvae. Comparison with related known Clunio species from Europe with comments on their larval morphology are given. The characteristics of the polytene chromosomes of C.marinus from Vigo are presented. The comparative external morphological analysis of the larvae from the two localities shows a certain differentiation at the external morphological level. The reasons for this differentiation are discussed.
Cephalops Fallén and Semicephalops De Meyer (Diptera: Pipunculidae) of Colombia, with description of five new species and an updated key to males of the Neotropical species
Authors: RAMOS-PASTRANA YARDANY , MARQUES DAYSE WILLKENIA A. , RAFAEL JOSÉ ALBERTINO
Published: May 2022

The pipunculid genera Cephalops Fallén, 1810 and Semicephalops De Meyer, 1994 are cosmopolitan in distribution. These two genera have just a few species known from the Neotropical Region and they were completely unknown to Colombia. Four new species of Cephalops and one species of Semicephalops are described from protected areas and conflict-territories of limited access in Colombia, namely Cephalops acutus sp. nov. (type locality: Cañaveral, Magdalena), C. gracilis sp. nov. (type locality: El Níspero, Boyacá), C. klinsmanni sp. nov. (type locality: Las Brisas, Caquetá), C. lobatus sp. nov. (type locality: El Níspero, Boyacá) and Semicephalops folium sp. nov. (type locality: Quebrada Carrizal, Boyacá). With this paper, the number of Cephalops species from the Neotropical Region increase from 13 to 17 and that of Semicephalops from five to six. Cephalops amapaensis Rafael, 1990 and Semicephalops inpaganus Rafael, 1990 are recorded for the first time from Colombia, and amended diagnosis are provided for both. A dichotomic key to the Neotropical species of both genera is presented.
Additions to the euophryine jumping spider fauna (Araneae: Salticidae) of Australia
Authors: RICHARDSON BARRY J.
Published: May 2022

Previously unknown species in the genera Barraina Richardson, 2013 and Frewena Richardson, 2013, the undescribed female of Prostheclina boreoaitha Richardson and Żabka, 2007 and a new synonym of Servaea incana (Karsch 1878), namely Cytaea morrisoni Dunn, 1951 n. syn., are described here. The suggestion that Servaea vestita (Koch, L., 1879) be reinstated from the synonymy of S. incana is reviewed and, on the basis of morphological and molecular data, not accepted. The new species are: Barraina abbedar n. sp., Barraina banyabba n. sp., Barraina melanoros n. sp., Barraina occidentalis n. sp., Barraina pilata n. sp. and Frewena terraregina n. sp..
A New genus of flightless leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) from the Páramo of Northern South America
Authors: DIETRICH CHRISTOPHER H.
Published: May 2022

Diablophthalmus, gen. nov., is described and illustrated based on two new species, D. wygodzinskyorum sp. n., and D. marmoratus sp. n. from Páramo habitats in Colombia. These insects are the first recorded members of tribe Megophthalmini from South America. Morphologically convergent features shared with other soil-dwelling Membracoidea are discussed.
A discussion of morphological differences within Claassenia qingzanga Xiang, Huo & Du, 2022 (Plecoptera: Perlidae) based on molecular data and a redescription of C. magna Wu, 1948
Authors: XIANG YA-NAN , HUO QING-BO , DU YU-ZHOU
Published: May 2022

In the genus Claassenia Wu, 1934, the sensilla basiconica patch is an important identification characteristic, yet there are few studies that have investigated this trait. Recently, we found that tergum 8 of males of Claassenia qingzanga Xiang, Huo & Du, 2021 collected from the Qinghai Province of China have a small, scattered basiconica patch, while the specimens collected from the Tibet Autonomous Region of China lack this characteristic. To verify their genetic relationship, we sequenced the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I gene of C. qingzanga collected from Tibet and Qinghai provinces. Phylogenetic analyses using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference methods, the two forms of C. qingzanga grouped together with strong nodal support and separate from the other Claassenia species analyzed. Genetic distance among these two forms of C. qingzanga is only about 1%. The molecular analyses confirmed that specimens with morphological differences are indeed the same species. A discussion of morphological differences within C. qingzanga and its genetic relationships are presented based on molecular data. Additionally, Claassenia magna Wu, 1948 is redescribed based on recent specimens.
A new species of Limnophyes Eaton, 1875 (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Llanos Orientales, Colombia
Authors: DANTAS GALILEU P.S. , RAMOS-PASTRANA YARDANY , HAMADA NEUSA
Published: May 2022

Limnophyes Eaton is a species-rich chironomid genus with more than 90 valid species distributed world-wide, of which nine species have been reported from the Neotropical region. In the present study, Limnophyes is recorded for the first time from Colombia based on Limnophyes llanero sp. n. from the Llanos ecoregion. The species can be distinguished from its congeners by having scattered lanceolate setae in the humeral and prescutellar area, epimeron II with six setae, posterior anepisternum II with one seta, and preepisternum without setae, and by having the apex of gonostylus expanded with a well-developed crista dorsalis.
Respective and Combined Impacts of North Indian Ocean and Tropical North Atlantic SST Anomalies on the Subseasonal Evolution of Anomalous Western North Pacific Anticyclones
Authors: Feng Juan , Chen Wen
Published: May 2022

The subseasonal variation of the anomalous western North Pacific anticyclone (WNPAC) has important implications for East Asian summer monsoon variability. How the WNPAC evolves on the subseasonal time scale under the different configurations of tropical North Atlantic (TNA) Ocean and north Indian Ocean (NIO) SST warming is elucidated in this study. The WNPAC forced by individual TNA SST warming shows an obvious subseasonal variation with a stepwise northward movement. In contrast, the WNPAC forced by individual NIO SST warming shows a weak subseasonal variation, being nearly stabilized at around 20°N from June to August and thereby causing long-lasting and intense positive mei-yu–baiu–changma rainfall anomalies. The physical mechanism for the different subseasonal variation of WNPAC is further investigated. The TNA SST warming generates a WNPAC via a Rossby wave–induced divergence/convergence chain response. In this process, the TNA SST warming-induced suppressed convection over the western Pacific moves northward with the northward movement of climatological intertropical convergence zone and summer monsoon region, which generates a northward shift of the WNPAC. However, the NIO SST warming produces a WNPAC via a Kelvin wave–induced suppressed convection over the western Pacific Ocean. This suppressed convection is stabilized at around 20°N because of the Kelvin wave activity scope being limited within 20°N, which finally produces a nearly stationary WNPAC from June to August. In addition, under the simultaneous occurrence of the TNA and NIO SST warming, the subseasonal variation of WNPAC bears a resemblance to that for the individual NIO SST warming condition, where the TNA SST warming fails to exert its impact.
The Impact of Southern Ocean Topographic Barriers on the Ocean Circulation and the Overlying Atmosphere
Authors: de Boer Agatha M. , Hutchinson David K. , Roquet Fabien , Sime Louise C. , Burls Natalie J. , Heuzé Céline
Published: May 2022

Southern Ocean bathymetry constrains the path of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), but the bathymetric influence on the coupled ocean–atmosphere system is poorly understood. Here, we investigate this impact by respectively flattening large topographic barriers around the Kerguelen Plateau, Campbell Plateau, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, and Drake Passage in four simulations in a coupled climate model. The barriers impact both the wind and buoyancy forcing of the ACC transport, which increases by between 4% and 14% when barriers are removed individually and by 56% when all barriers are removed simultaneously. The removal of Kerguelen Plateau bathymetry increases convection south of the plateau and the removal of Drake Passage bathymetry reduces convection upstream in the Ross Sea. When the barriers are removed, zonal flattening of the currents leads to sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies that strongly correlate to precipitation anomalies, with correlation coefficients ranging between r = 0.92 and r = 0.97 in the four experiments. The SST anomalies correlate to the surface winds too in some locations. However, they also generate circumpolar waves of sea level pressure (SLP) anomalies, which induce remote wind speed changes that are unconnected to the underlying SST field. The meridional variability in the wind stress curl contours over the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the Kerguelen Plateau, and the Campbell Plateau disappears when these barriers are removed, confirming the impact of bathymetry on surface winds. However, bathymetry-induced wind changes are too small to affect the overall wave-3 asymmetry in the Southern Hemisphere westerlies. Removal of Southern Hemisphere orography is also inconsequential to the wave-3 pattern.

Significance Statement

Several studies in the past have pointed to the controlling effect of bathymetry on currents in the Southern Ocean circulation, but a clear idea of the importance of the major topographic barriers in the Southern Ocean is lacking. By removing these barriers systematically in a coupled climate model, we can evaluate their impact on several important components of the climate system, such as the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) pathways and strength, Antarctic Bottom Water formation, sea surface temperature, overlying winds, air–sea fluxes, and even precipitation. This helps in our understanding of what controls the pathways of the ACC and how much it matters for climate.