bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENT OF “TURBULA” MIXER
Authors: Мудров Александр , Mudrov Aleksandr
Published: October 2019

One of the most widespread mixer in the world is "Turbula" design of the Swiss company of Willy A.Bachoven. The mixer uses a block diagram of a six-link spatial mechanism with rotary joints, one of the links of which is a container that makes complex movement and which has been used to mix materials since 1984. In our country, many enterprises produce a similar design called a laboratory mixer C 2 Turbula, for example, “Vibrotekhnik” company. However, over the 35 year period of use, the design of the mixer, neither abroad, nor in our country, has undergone any major improvements that improve the operational and production properties of the mixer. This article is devoted to the development of designs in three versions, significantly expanding and improving the functionality of the mixer. To eliminate the disadvantages of the Turbula mixer, we proposed a design scheme for “Turbula-KShA” mixer, in which the support of the second fork is made movable and height-adjustable. Using the base of Turbula mixer, we have developed three new, more advanced designs of “Turbula-KShA” mixers based on a seven-link spatial mechanism with rotary joints, of which one of the two racks has one movable. Mixers can have containers of various volumes, operate continuously, fabricate and assemble with less accuracy, significantly intensify the process of mixing materials both in removable containers and continuously. We can hope that this is only the initial stage of the practical use of the mechanism in technology.
DIESEL TECHNICAL SUPPORT FOR WORK ON DIESEL MIXED FUEL
Authors: Хохлов Алексей , Hohlov Aleksey , Молочников Денис , Molochnikov Denis , Хохлов Антон , Khokhlov Anton , Гаязиев Ильнар , Gayaziev Ilnar
Published: October 2019

The article is devoted to solving the problem, associated with the partial replacement of commercial mineral diesel fuel (DT) with mixed vegetable-mineral (DST) motor fuel. DST biocomponent is a vegetable oil, for example, camelina oil. A constructive version of a dual-fuel diesel power supply system is proposed, the main element of which is a mixer-dispenser of vegetable oil and mineral diesel fuel, which, due to the electrodosers controlled by the electronic control unit (ECU), is used according to the signals of the load-speed diesel engine sensors (crankshaft rotational speed, position rail of the high pressure fuel pump) and the camelina oil temperature sensor, to ensure the supply of diesel mixed fuel with different contents components. Under the supervision were tractors of one year of production, with approximately the same operating time and carrying out the same production work at the livestock complex of the enterprise. The estimated parameters of wear of the plunger pairs of the pump sections of the injection pump are: the geometric dimensions of the details of the plunger pairs (ovality and taper of the plunger, diameters of the plunger and sleeve, annular gap between the plunger and the sleeve); mass of parts of plunger pairs (plunger, sleeve); volumetric cyclic fuel supply, hydraulic density of plunger pairs. The use of diesel mixed fuel based on vegetable oil, containing for example 50% mineral marketable fuel and 50% camelina oil, allows a slight decrease in effective power (not more than 6%) and a slight increase in the specific effective consumption of mixed fuel (up to 14%) % of fuel of petroleum origin, as well as reduce exhaust smoke by 17-20% and reduce the content of carbon monoxide by 35-40% compared with the operation of diesel on commercial mineral diesel fuel.
CLASSIFICATION OF STRENGTHENING TECHNOLOGIES, COVERING AND RESTORATION OF FUEL EQUIPMENT DETAILS OF DIESEL ENGINES
Authors: Шарифуллин Саид , Sharifullin Said , Адигамов Наиль , Adigamov Nail , Тополянский Павел , Topolyanskiy Pavel , Байниязова Акмарал , Bayniyazova Akmaral
Published: October 2019

During operation, any technical product with friction units, as parts wear out, loses its working capacity and as a result cannot perform the specified functions with the parameters, established by the requirements of technical documentation. Today, the technological capabilities of manufacturing various machines and mechanisms have been exhausted throughout the world without noticeable wear on the mating surfaces of friction units. Depreciation is practically impossible to exclude. Therefore, a search for new ways to extend the life of technical devices by exposing them to friction surfaces is an urgent task. These requirements apply to the fuel equipment of automotive and combine diesel engines. In this paper, we analyze the known covering technologies for hardening and restoration of fuel equipment parts. The methodology of choosing the optimal covering process with the aim of hardening and restoration of parts of fuel equipment is formulated. In accordance with this concept of choosing a technology to increase the durability of fuel equipment parts, plasma finish hardening with the application of multilayer wear-resistant coatings is a promising technology. The paper presents the results of a study of the physicomechanical properties of diamond-like coverings of the DLCPateks type (a-C:H/a-SiOCN) obtained on friction surfaces by transporting an atomic and molecular stream of particles of liquid chemical compounds by a plasma jet of an atmospheric pressure plasma arc torch. The layer formed on the working surfaces is a non-metallic amorphous multilayer covering with a low coefficient of friction, increased microhardness, chemical inertness, hydrophilicity, high heat resistance and dielectric characteristics. In order to minimize possible defectiveness of the base material at the final stage of manufacturing parts of fuel equipment, it is proposed to apply thin-film coatings on them.
STATE REGULATION OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR UNDER CONDITIONS OF SANCTIONS AND DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors: Амирова Эльмира , Amirova Elmira , Сафиуллин Ильнур , Safiullin Il'nur , Ибрагимов Линар , Ibragimov Linar , Карпова Наталья , Karpova Natal'ya
Published: October 2019

State regulation of the agricultural sector is one of the main elements of increasing the efficiency of the country’s agricultural sector. The article discusses the problems of using the organizational and economic mechanism to regulate the agricultural sector in the Russian Federation, analyzes the issues of regulation of the agricultural sector in the context of the development of digitalization. State regulation of the development of the digital economy in agro-industrial sectors involves the development of the legal framework for access to information stored on the Internet of “things platforms”, the protection of the Russian segment of the Internet of things, for this it is necessary to create a closed network in the country and to solve the problems of import substitution in the context of a lack of domestic equipment. Implementation of state programs on digitalization of agriculture will be a link in the construction of the “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation”. In conclusion, priority directions for improving the mechanisms of state regulation of the agricultural sector are given.
EFFICIENCY OF GRANT SUPPORT TO BEGINNING FARMERS AND FAMILY ANIMAL FARMS (on the example of Krasnoyarsk Kray)
Authors: Пыжикова Наталья , Pyzhikova Natal'ya , Лазаревич Александр , Lazarevich Aleksandr
Published: October 2019

Grant support is the main type of state support for the development of peasant farming in Krasnoyarsk Kray. Since 2012, annually competitions have been held in the Kray for grants to novice farmers and for the development of family livestock farms. An analysis of the dynamics of the grants’ distribution by municipal districts and zones for the period from 2012 to 2017 showed that 34.2% (284) peasant farmers of the total number received grants, which is a high indicator on the scale of the Siberian Federal District. The financing volume in both directions amounted to 846.9 million rubles. As a result, 840 new jobs were created. The analysis of the effectiveness of the use of grants for the period 2012-2017 indicates that the majority of peasant farmers, who received grants, did not fulfill their obligations in full. Thus, the indicator characterizing the economic efficiency of recipients of state support, the increase in agricultural production in the direction of milk production (67 grants) shows highly efficient, the production of vegetables (17 grants) shows efficient, and meat production (134 grants) shows inefficient (negative) use of funds grant support. Therefore, the agriculture of the region for some types of products by 2020 may not reach those predicted values that are determined by the regional state program with existing trends. In connection with this, an adjustment is necessary to redistribute grant support in priority areas and determine the minimum production volumes for each direction of grant issuance in accordance with the prevailing agricultural production in the region. To assess the effectiveness of state support in the field of social responsibility of peasant farming, it is advisable to keep statistics on the creation of new permanent jobs and their preservation over the entire period defined by agreements (contracts).
Currency Depreciation and Emerging Market Corporate Distress
Authors: Bruno Valentina , Shin Hyun Song
Published: October 2019

How do emerging market corporates fare during periods of currency depreciation? We find that nonfinancial firms that exploit favorable global financing conditions to issue U.S. dollar bonds and build cash balances are also those whose share price is most vulnerable to local currency depreciation. In particular, firms’ vulnerability to currency depreciation derives less from the foreign currency debt as such, and more from the cash balances that are built up by using foreign currency debt. Overall, our results point to a financial motive for dollar bond issuance by emerging market firms in carry trade–like transactions that leave them vulnerable in an environment of dollar strength.

This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
Serum Transaminase m Diphtheritic Myocarditis
Authors: Ismail Djauhar , Utomo Utomo , Suharjanto Suharjanto
Published: October 2019

Ninety-one cases out of 102 diphtheritic children admitted to the University of Gadjah Mada Hospital were studied, correlating enzyme levels (SGOT and SGPT) with ECG findings. The results showed that there was a correlation between the SOOT value and the severity of the ECO abnormalities. Beside ECO, the determination of serum transaminase should be considered as an adjunct laboratory examination in evaluating the diagnosis and prognosis of diphtheritic myocarditis.
Caries in Outpatients at the Department of Child Health and Dental Clinic of the Provincial Referral Hospital (RSUPP) in Medan during 1971 - 1973
Authors: Salim Sahat , Siregar Helena , Tanyati Srinita , Simanjuntak Santi Uli
Published: October 2019

Of 3,000 children with dental caries examined at the Department of Child Health and Dental Clinic of the Provincial Referral Hospital in Medan during 1971 -1973, the highest caries percentage is found in the age group of 3-9 years (74.4%); it is also noted that caries is already prevalent in the group of 1 - 3 years (6.2%). Caries can be prevented by giving fluoride topically or orally and by oral hygiene. To prevent further dental decay, conservation or extraction has to be done.
The Spectrum of Gastroenteritis at the Pediatric Outpatient Clinic,. Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of North Sumatera in 1982
Authors: Sebayang Taheng , Sinuhaji Atan Baas , Bangun Tyahaya , Marbun Manihar D. , Sutanto A. H.
Published: October 2019

The number of children attending the Pediatric Outpatient Clinic of Pirngadi Hospital, Medan, during 1982 was 15.375. Out of these, 1246 (8.1%) had gastroenteritis. Most of the patients (1046 or 83.94%) were under two years old. The male to female ratio was 1.6: I. The peak incidence for allendance was in January, April, and May.

Of 1057 patients under  five years old, 383 (36.2%) also had malnutrition. The highest percentage (70. 75%) of those who had malnutrition was found in the I to 2 years age group. Of 370 patients whose Hb level was examined, 185 (50%) had anemia. The highest percentage (67.02%) was in the below 1 year group. Only 360 (28.8%) of gastroenteritis cases received oral rehydration solution. There were 23 (1.85%) cases in which diarrhea lasted longer than 7 days.

The number of patients admitted to the ward was 213 (17.07%), and the highest percentage was in the above 3 years age group. The largest number of hospitalized patients was in January (43), February (21), and April (28); while the highest percentage was in April (20.40%), June (21.42%) and August (31.42%). Peak rainfall in Medan during 1982 was in October, November, and December, i.e. much 322.2 mmm,  366.4 and 382 mm, respectively.
Nosocomial Infection Control in the Children's and Maternity Hospital ''Harapan Kita''. Early Warning System
Authors: Rasjid Aliamran , Yusuf H. A. M. , Soegondo Diwyo , Napitupulu Leonard
Published: October 2019

In a children's and maternity hospital, where many high risk patients are hospitalized, a comprehensive but cheap surveillance system is of paramount importance for the improvement of hospital administration, formulation of hospital policy on antibiotic use and the nosocomial infection control programmes.

The epidemiological data were primarily collected in a comprehensive built-in monitoring and surveillance programmes of this hospital, and had been distributed throughout the hospital periodically. The collected data had been broken down into (1) summary of ten leading infectious cases of hospitalized patient by tentative and final diagnosis; (2) types of culture by ward; (3) number of culture by sex and age group; (4) types of bacteria by ward; and (5) types of bacteria by culture. The classification of wards is indirectly inherent to the social- strata of the patients. For the refinement of information, they were broken down into data on bed-occupancy by ward, and data on hospitalized patients by sex and age groups as well.
Human immunodeficiency virus seroprevalence in children received multiple transfusions or blood products in the Department of Child Health Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta
Authors: Matondang C. S. , Akib Arwin , Siregar Syawitri P. , Abdulsalam Maria , Latu Jeanne , Oesman Farida , Silman Erwin
Published: October 2019

From March 1987 till February 1988, 350 serological examinations to HJV antibodies have been carried out. Sera were taken from children visiting the Department of. Child Health Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia I Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, who had received blood or blood products transfusions more than three times. All blood or blood products were made locally by the Jndonesian Red Cross in Jakarta, except for Human immunoglobulin and Koate.

The age ranged from 9 months Ia 22 years with a mean age of 8,02 years. They consisted of 207 males and 143 females; 33 patients with hemophilia, 250 patients with thalassemia, 41 patients with blood malignancy, and 26 patients with other diseases.

Sera were tested by a commercially available ELISA HIV assay produced by Abbott (macro ELISA) and Behring (micro ELISA). Repeatable positive sera were confirmed by Western blatt.

The majority of patients in this study got their first transfusion on more than 5 years ago with a high consumption of blood components, namely 16.252 units of packed red cells, 6111 units of cryoprecipitate, 537 units of thrombocyte suspension, 96 units of fresh frozen plasma, 35 units of human immunoglobulin, and 15 vials of Koate.

Two out of 350 sera were repeatable positive for HIV antibody but confirmatory test by Western blatt were negative. One sera was from a 17-year-o/d gM with thalassemia who had received 129 units of packed red cells transfusions since 1979, and the other was from a 2-year-o/d girl with chronic myelocytic leukemia who had received 24 units of packed red cells. The rest of the sera were negative.

This zero prevalence finding suggests that in Indonesia transfusion of blood or blood products still plays a limited role in the epidemic of AIDS in children.
Hydrocephalus
Authors: Siregar Hadi Soekma , Daulay Ridwan M. , Emsyah Lily , Saing Bistok
Published: October 2019

A retrospective study had been done, to find out the incidence of hydrocephalus during 1984-1985 in the Pediatric Neurology Sub Division of the Child Health Department Medical Faculty University of North Sumatera/Pirngadi Hospital Medan.

The number, age groups, causes and treatment were reviewed. The cases consist of 17 children, 9 males (52,09%) and 8 females (47,01%). Most of the patients 12 (70,58%) were found in the age group of 1 year or less, and the others 5 (29,42%) in the age group of more than 1 year. The youngest was 1 year of age and the oldest 3 1/2 years. Six cases were caused by congenital abnormalities, 1 case by meningitis and in 10 cases the probable cause was unknown. Conservative treatment had been given to all cases.
Splenectomy in Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura : A Clinical Experience
Authors: Zaeni Indro , Sukardi Sukardi , P. Bambang , T. Netty R. H. , Untario S.
Published: October 2019

Since 1979 until 1987 there were 4 idiophatic 1hrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) cases who had undergone splenectomy, consisting of 2 males and 2 females. All patients had been treated with prednisone prior to splenectomy, 2 patients received additional cytostatics. The course of the disease prior to splenectomy had been followed in a period of time, varying from 2,5 to 8 years. The effect of treatment was not very statisfying, as both clinical and laboratory reccurrence often happened.

Post spelectomy, the administration of prednisone in 1 case was stopped immediately, in 2 cases it was stopped after 8 months and in 1 case it was continued. After more than 5 years follow up, 3 cases showed excellent clinical and laboratory findings, while I case failed.
Neonatal Tetanus in the Department of Child Health Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Medan in 1983-1984
Authors: Marbun Manihar D. , Arsyad Johnny , Lubis Munar , Hamid Endang D. , Lubis Chairuddin P.
Published: October 2019

From January 1983 to December 1984 there had been prospective investigations of neonatal tetanus contracted by newborn infants treated at the Department of Child Health Dr. Pirngadi Hospital Medan. Seventy eight cases (4.28%) contracted neonatal tetanus out of 1821 hospitalized infants. Fifty cases were identified in 1983 and 28 cases in 1984. Fourty nine cases (62.8%) were delivered by traditional birth attendant (TBA), 18 cases (23.8%) by midwife/nurse, and 11 cases (14.10%) by others. The instruments used to cut the umbilical cord were razor blade (34.6%), scissor (33.33%), and sharp sliver bamboo (29.49%). There were 23 cases (29.49%) who used traditional medicine made from herb for umbilical cord treatment. None of the mothers was vaccinated with tetanus toxoid. Most of the parents had only elementary school education, 42.32% fathers, and 71.79% mothers.

Based on this study it is suggested to increase tetanus toxoid immunization to pregnant mothers, health education for the community and a brief course provided for the traditional birth attendant (TBA) should be enhanced to reduce the incidence and mortality rate of neonatal tetanus.
Laryngeal Tuberculosis in a Child (A Case Report)
Authors: Santoso F. X. , Witono Esther S. I. , S. Makmuri M. , Santosa Gunadi
Published: October 2019

Since the advent of effective antituberculous chemotherapy, laryngeal tuberculosis has become relatively uncommon, and there is a real possibility that the diagnosis may be delayed or overlooked. Data from the ENT outpatient clinic Dr. Soetomo Hospital showed a significant decrease in the prevalence of laryngeal tuberculosis, from 4. 72 o/oo in 1980 to 0.28 o/oo in 1986. This condition is usually found in adult males who have pulmonary tuberculosis. A girl with laryngeal tuberculosis is the objective of the present report. The patient was admitted with a history of chronic hoarseness. With a presumptive diagnosis of papilloma of the larynx, some biopsies were performed. The histopathologic exmamintaions suggested laryngeal tuberculosis. Additional examinations revealed a positive tubercullin test, diffuse infiltrates on both lungs and positive acid fast bacilli. Her condition improved after chemotherapy administration.
Nasogastric Drip Rehydration Therapy in Acute Diarrhea with Severe Dehydration
Authors: Hidayat Syamsul , K. D. Srie Enggar , Pardede Nancy , Ismail Rusdi
Published: October 2019

WHO recommended severe dehydration without shock in acute diarrhea to be rehydrated by nasogastric drips (NGD) of oral rehydration solution (oralit). In this respect the criteria of a still palpable and countable pulse, the absence of meteorism and absence of complication, the reverse warranting iv fluid therapy, can be used as practical guidelines to identify the patient "without shock".

A clinical trial comparing the result of NGD oralit rehydration therapy to that of intravenous Ringer-lactate on small children with diarrhea and severe dehydration was conducted. Seventy jive patients admitted to the Department of Child Health Palembang General Hospital from January up to July 1986, aged 1 to 59 months, suffering from acute diarrhea with severe dehydration fulfilled to above mentioned criteria. Randomly 36 were assigned to NGD rehydration therapy using WHO standard ORS (in Indonesia is named as oralit) and 39 were rehydrated with iv Ringer lactate solution, given in four hours consisting of 40ml/kg BW, 30ml/kg BW, 20 ml/kg BW and 20ml/kg BW in the first, second, third and fourth hours respectively.

Based on the failure rate of rehydration in the first four hours, the recurrence of dehydration after rehydration and the side effects of fluid therapy, it was concluded that acute diarrhea cases with severe dehydration who fulfilled the above mentioned criteria can be rehydrated by NGD oralit as effective and safe as by iv Ringer lactate.
Neonatal Mortality in Yogyakarta Rural Areas
Authors: Surjono Achmad
Published: October 2019

The outcome of neonatal care was studied in three subdistricts rural areas in Yogyakarta Province with a total population of 112075 people. For data collection all pregnancies and deliveries between May 1983 -April 1984 were registered and visited twice during pregnancy, on delivery, 5 days and one month afterwards by trained health cadres.

There were 1819 singleton liveborn infants with a neonatal mortality rate of 25.3 o/oo, in which 82.6% of the deaths occurred in the early neonatal period. An amount of 91.5% of the women delivered in their own house and 83.9% were assisted by a traditional birth attendant either trained or untrained. There was still 27.1% of pregnancies which never got any antenatal care. The coverage of tetanus immunization was 75.2% with 1.1 o/oo incidence of tetanus. The incidence of low birth weight infants was 8.1%, of which 19. 7% died before one month of age, I representing 63% of neonatal mortality.

The causes of neonatal deaths were as follows: birth asphyxia and hypoxia 56.5%, prematurity/low birth weight 13%, infection/sepsis 13%, diarrhea 8. 7%, tetanus neonatorum 4.4% and others/unknown 4.4%.

In rural areas, traditional birth attendants play a key role on assisting labour and taking care of the mothers as well as their newborns up to one month of age. Improvement of health service delivery at all levels of the health care system which includes the traditional birth attendants is needed especially concerning resuscitation of the newborns and the problems of low birthweights.
Ceftriaxone Therapy of Bacterial Meningitis in Children
Authors: Sumarmo Sumarmo , Harun S. R. , Nathin M. A.
Published: October 2019

Twenty-nine children, age 3 months to 11 years, admitted with the clinical diagnosis of bacterial meningitis to the Department of Child Health, were included in a prospective treatment study of ceftriaxone (RocephinHoffmann- La Roche AG Bas/e, Switzerland). Ceftriaxone was used as the only antibiotic agent in single daily dose of 100 mg/kg body weight given intravenously for a minimum of 10 days. Of these 29 patients, 25 (86.2%) recovered, 3 (10.3%) died and 1 (3.4%) no respond to treatment. Among fatal cases, two patients had subdural empyema and one had a cerebral abscess. The microorganisms isolated from cerebrospinal fluid were: Streptococcus pneumoniae (5), Pseudomonas sp. (4), Proteus sp. (2), Salmonella typhi (1), Escherichia coli (1), Clostridium sp. (1), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1), Staphylococcus aureus {1), and Streptococcus haemolyticus (1). In 12 patients (41,4%), organisms were not identified. The diagnosis was made based on clinical symptoms, Gram staining, cell count. ~!·tease, and protein in the CSF. In all patients, repeated spinal fluid cultures had no bacterial growth at 24 hours after initation of intravenous therapy. No evidence of clinical important drug toxicity was observed. Three p'Oiients, however, had lightly elevated hepatic transaminase levels, and one patient had rnild neutropenia. These clinical and bacteriological results suggested that ceftriaxone is reasonably safe and effective in the treatment of bacterial meningitis caused by the most common pediatric pathogens in Indonesian children over one month of age.
Colloid Oncotic Pressure in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Tambunan Taralan , Alatas H. , Wirya I. G. N. Wila , Harmanses S. , Chair I. , Simanjuntak R.
Published: October 2019

To evaluate the correlation between plasma protein concentration and colloid oncotic pressure (COP) and their influence on clinical symptom of edema, we studied 30 children with nephrotic syndrome (NS). Total plasma protein concentration (TP), albumm, globulin and COP were measured in all patients in edema forming state (EF) and m steady state phase (SS), except for COP, only 16 samples in SS phase.

COP TP plasma albumin and globulin contents in EF group were 8. 7 ± 2. 7 mmHg, 4.07 '± 0.68 g/dl; 2.57 ± 0.50 g/dl and 1.51 ± 0.32 g/dl, respectively. In SS group these figures rose significantly to 16.7 ± 3.9 mmHg for COP; 5. 70 ± 0.99 g/dl for TP; 3.46 ± 0.52 g!dl and 2.06 ± 0.56 g/dl for plasma albumin and globulin, respectively. We also found the high correlation both between COP and albumin content (r= +0.58; p < 0.01) and between COP and TP (r= +0.54; P < 0.01) .

A strong negative correlation was also found between COP and the degree of edema (r = _ 0.55; p <0.01). On the other hand a very low grade correlation was noticed between plasma albumin content and  the degree of edema (r= - 0.26; P < 0.05) and no correlation at all was found between edema and TP (r= - 0.19; P > 0.05).

We conclude that COP has the highest correlation with plasma protein concentration and the degree of edema, and can be used as a diagnostic tool. It is even more sensitive and simple compared with the TP or albumin content determination.
Mapping Annual Urban Change Using Time Series Landsat and NLCD
Authors: Wan Heng , Shao Yang , Campbell James B. , Deng Xinwei
Published: October 2019

Annual urban change information is important for an improved understanding of urban dynamics and continuous modeling of urban ecosystem processes. This study examined Landsat-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) time series for characterizing annual urban change. To
reduce impacts from cloud contamination and missing data, United States Geological Survey (USGS) Landsat Analysis Ready Data were processed to derive annual NDVI layers using a maximum value composite algorithm. National Land Cover Database land cover products from 2001 and 2011 were used
as references for generating a decadal urban change mask. Within the decadal urban change mask and using annual NDVI as input, we examined three time-series change detection methods to pinpoint specific year of urban change: (a) minimum-value method, (b) break-point detection, and (c) simple-threshold
identification. For accuracy assessment, we divided change pixels into urbanization and urban-intensification pixel groups, defined by initial land cover types. We used Google Earth's High-Resolution Imagery Archive as primary reference data for detailed accuracy assessment. Overall, the urbanization
pixel group has good change detection accuracies of above 82% for all three change detection algorithms. The break-point detection method resulted in the highest overall accuracy of 88%. Overall accuracies for urban intensification pixel group were in the range of 35%–76%, depending
on choice of change detection algorithm, length of input time-series, and further division of pixel subgroups.
Normas de convivência escolar: uma avaliação sob o olhar de alunos do Ensino Médio do CAp-UFRJ
Authors: Vilarinho Lúcia Regina Goulart , Costa Maria Beatriz Porciuncula Porangaba
Published: October 2019

Disciplina escolar é uma questão complexa e para alcançá-la é necessário ter consciência desse saber para a vida e para a construção da sociedade. Este artigo apresenta uma avaliação, conduzida na perspectiva de alunos, das normas de convivência escolar aplicadas em uma escola de Educação Básica, localizada na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Foi utilizada a Abordagem dos Participantes, tendo-se contato com 41 alunos que responderam a três questionários, emitindo suas percepções sobre a atualidade/importância dessas normas. A análise dos dados obtidos revelou que apesar das normas estarem em funcionamento há mais de 10 anos, elas ainda estão atuais para os alunos. Para a grande maioria dos respondentes as normas são importantes na construção de comportamentos favoráveis à aprendizagem. As respostas evidenciaram coerência e as reclamações, muitas delas, procedentes, devem ser repensadas pela escola. No computo geral, expressaram um sentimento de orgulho por pertencerem ao corpo discente do colégio.
A centralidade das infâncias e do brincar na transição da educação infantil para o ensino fundamental
Authors: Miranda Arlete Aparecida Bertoldo , Faria Daniella Salviana
Published: October 2019

A infância tem sido objeto de estudo no Brasil, especialmente nas últimas décadas, o que levou a um avanço no âmbito do conhecimento científico e ainda na garantia de direitos das crianças. Em meio a esses estudos, o brincar e a educação nas instituições escolares têm despertado debates e reflexões sobre as políticas que regulamentam a escolarização das crianças. Este artigo que é fruto de uma pesquisa de mestrado preocupa-se em sinalizar as manifestações do lúdico e do brincar no cotidiano escolar do 2º período da Educação Infantil e do 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental, com centralidade na infância e nas crianças. Busca-se compreender de que forma o lúdico, o brincar e a infância são concebidos pelos professores e pelas crianças em um Colégio de Aplicação. Elencamos elementos teóricos que se articulam com o protagonismo das crianças, em diálogo com as políticas públicas para infância e práticas pedagógicas.
A prática da contação de histórias por professoras da educação infantil
Authors: Miranda Maria Irene , Silva Valéria
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo versa sobre uma investigação de campo desenvolvida com professoras do segmento da educação infantil que contam histórias. A contação de história, componente primordial do universo literário, está presente nesse contexto. O objetivo do trabalho foi conhecer as concepções de contação de histórias destas docentes, analisar como a literatura é levada para as escolas, como recorrem e escolhem as obras; e ainda, identificar interfaces entre esta prática e a realidade e dos alunos. Apresentamos o delineamento da pesquisa, as descobertas e resultados alcançados definidos por dois eixos temáticos que destacam as concepções e escolhas das professoras no que tange a contação de histórias, bem como a interfaces com a realidade e demandas dos alunos. O texto aponta avanços e ambiguidades das docentes na abordagem com as histórias.
O combate em contexto de arte e jogo: contribuições artísticas e lúdicas para o ensino da marcialidade
Authors: Santos Gilbert de Oliveira
Published: October 2019

As artes marciais podem apresentar elementos expressivos e lúdicos que potencializam a dimensão artística e entusiasmante do gesto. Neste contexto, não basta apresentar somente poder marcial, é preciso trazer ao corpo e ao gesto contentamento e beleza, alargando o ensino das artes marciais. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma discussão a respeito dos fatores que aproximam a arte marcial das artes e do jogo com ênfase no conceito de mímesis, entendida aqui como uma ação interpretativa que busca se aproximar com precisão da beleza do gesto sem perder de vista a ludicidade e a subjetividade do ato. Para defender e reforçar a relação entre arte, jogo e arte marcial, será apresentado um conjunto de atividades de ensino que favorecem a apropriação de elementos artísticos e lúdicos no ensino de artes marciais.
La movilidad a la salud en las regiones sanitarias VI y VII del conurbano bonaerense
Authors: Pierini Clara
Published: October 2019

El trabajo analiza la movilidad a la salud en las Regiones Sanitarias VI y VII del conurbano bonaerense a partir de los datos de la ENMODO (2009–2010). Los resultados revelan una duración que supera los 31 minutos en más de la mitad de los viajes y una marcada feminización de la población usuaria. Sobresale la gran cantidad de desplazamientos realizados por personas mayores de 50 años y genera interrogantes el bajo porcentaje de entre 0 y 14 años. El cruce de los datos de cobertura de salud y duración de los viajes indica diferencias en el acceso entre los usuarios de los diferentes subsectores. El alto porcentaje de viajes que tuvieron como destino un partido distinto del de residencia denota desigualdades entre los territorios. Las dificultades que enfrenta la población para movilizarse son, consecuentemente, las que enfrentan mujeres y niños para acceder a la atención. Estas barreras cobran importancia en los territorios elegidos por sus características sociosanitarias, el gran número de mujeres en edad fértil y el alto porcentaje de nacimientos sobre el total del conurbano.
El crecimiento espacial de la ciudad de Córdoba durante el período 2001–2015
Authors: Frutos Nicolás , German Alba , Omar Diego Hernán , Fratini Noemí
Published: October 2019

La producción del espacio urbano en la ciudad de Córdoba está asociada a dinámicas y tensiones territoriales motorizadas por diferentes agentes sociales que tienen distintos intereses y desarrollan estrategias de acción que muchas veces entran en contradicción entre sí. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las características que asume la expansión urbana de la ciudad de Córdoba entre 2001 y 2015, los factores que inciden sobre este proceso, los agentes sociales intervinientes y las tensiones territoriales en juego. Para analizar la expansión del espacio urbano se utilizan imágenes LANDSAT de los años 2001, 2008 y 2015. Se han seleccionado estas imágenes por su coincidencia con los datos censales de los años 2001 (nacional) y 2008 (provincial). Para el año 2015, se hace una extrapolación a partir de los datos del censo nacional 2010. Las imágenes seleccionadas se clasifican a fin de obtener datos de cobertura urbana y no urbana, y poder cuantificar así el cambio en las coberturas definidas Esta metodología se complementa con la realización de trabajo de campo y entrevistas a informantes clave.
Estrategia familiar de reproducción en los cosecheros de frutilla procedentes de Chaco radicados en el distrito de Coronda
Authors: Castelnuovo Javier
Published: October 2019

En las últimas décadas del siglo pasado comienza a manifestarse un cambio en la modalidad migratoria en los cosecheros de frutilla que desarrollan su actividad en la zona productora de frutilla de Coronda consistente en el abandono gradual de la modalidad migratoria estacional o temporaria por el asentamiento definitivo en los distritos que la conforman. Dicha situación no solamente se manifiesta en el desarrollo de nuevas zonas de asentamientos, sino que lleva el interés al análisis de las diferentes estrategias familiares de reproducción empleadas por los sujetos. Por lo tanto, es objetivo de la presente investigación indagar sobre las condiciones de vida de los cosecheros mediante estrategias de triangulación metodológica que incluyen la utilización de métodos etnográficos y la realización de entrevistas semiestructuradas a diferentes actores implicados con el fenómeno de estudio, como también el uso de fuentes censales.
Basic Income, Wages, and Productivity: A Laboratory Experiment
Authors: Jokipalo Veera Amanda
Published: October 2019

This paper reports the results of an economic lab experiment designed to test the impact of Basic Income (BI) on wages and productivity. The experimental design is based on the classic gift exchange game. Participants assigned the role of employer were tasked with making wage offers, and those assigned as employees chose how hard they would work in return. In addition to a control without any social security net, BI was compared to unemployment benefits, and both types of cash transfers were tested at two levels. The results are that wage offers were increased in both the BI and unemployment benefit treatments compared to the control. The higher-level BI treatment also significantly increased effort. Further experimentation could shed more light on how the potential extra value created in the labor market through increased productivity would be divided between employers and employees.
Franz Dölger and the hieratic model of Byzantine literature
Authors: Agapitos Panagiotis A.
Published: October 2019

The paper examines more broadly the intellectual formation, early carreer and research activity of Franz Dölger with the aim to elucidate, on the one hand, the shift that took place in Byzantine Studies in Munich during the Thirties of the previous century from a philological to a historical direction. On the other hand, the paper offers a detailed analysis of Dölger’s concept of Byzantine literature and its history, the development of this concept and its immediate impact on Byzantine Philology as a separate field within Byzantine Studies. Pivotal in understanding Dölger’s concept are his connection with and use of the Nazi regime and its ideology, as well as a latent but visible antagonism to Karl Krumbacher. The paper includes an analysis of hitherto unknown publications of Dölger from the Nazi era and a number of unpublished documents pertaining to the Athos Expedition of July 1941 and its aftermath.
Der Felsen des Unheils. Die Eroberung Antiochias durch die Perser im Jahre 540
Authors: Brands Gunnar
Published: October 2019

The Persian sack of Antioch on the Orontes in 540 was a severe blow to the military prestige of the Roman Empire. While the dramatic circumstances of the city’s capture are fully depicted by Procopius, the exact location of the fatal Persian attack remains controversial. The paper traces Procopius’ highly debated account of the city’s conquest in the light of recent topographical and archaeological fieldwork.
Regulations for Securitisation and Covered Bonds: Too Much or Too Little
Authors: Arif Ahmed
Published: October 2019

This study analyses the most important regulations for asset-backed securities and covered bonds devised after the global financial crisis in Europe. The study presents three perspectives of these regulations. It discusses the premises and context of these regulations and highlights the asymmetric treatment of these two instruments. The premises of the regulations are inspired by the market criticism and are not in line with the theoretical understandings of securitisation. Moreover, most of these regulations are influenced by the situation in the US market and there is a need to recalibrate these regulations on European realities. The asymmetric treatment given to these instruments is also a matter of concern as it may harm the funding-base diversification. The study emphasises that regulations must be reconsidered and aligned with the European realities creating a level playing field for all the market players and instruments.
Adapting the European System of Financial Supervision (ESFS) to the EEA Two-Pillar Structure – A Workable Solution?
Authors: Bergþórsson Andri Fannar
Published: October 2019

In response to the global financial crisis, the European System of Financial Supervision (ESFS) was created in 2010. Supranational bodies were established for different financial sectors to act as supervisors of sorts for national-level supervisors in EU Member States. This article focuses on how the system was adapted to three EFTA States that are not part of the EU but form the internal market along with EU Member States through the EEA Agreement – Iceland, Norway and Lichtenstein (EEA EFTA States). The aim is to clarify how ESFS has been incorporated into the EEA agreement and to discuss whether this a workable solution for the EEA EFTA States that have not transferred their sovereignty by name in the same manner as the EU Member States. One issue is whether the adaptation has gone beyond the limits of the two-pillar structure, as all initiative and work stem from the EU supranational bodies and not the EFTA pillar.
An effective technique for constructing wood composite with superior dimensional stability
Authors: Han Xiaoshuai , Wang Zhenxing , Zhang Qinqin , Pu Junwen
Published: October 2019

Fast-growing wood is an abundant and low-cost material and is widely used for structural building and furniture construction. However, inferior mechanical properties and dimensional instability limit its application in advanced engineering structures. Herein, we developed a simple, effective and “green” method to transform bulk poplar into a high-performance wood composite. The wood composite was prepared by the impregnation of the itaconic acid (IA) solution acting as a grafting anchor into the wood matrix, followed by in situ polymerization of styrene upon heating to form a hydrophobic polymer within the wood scaffold. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis revealed that hydrophobic polystyrene (PS) was deposited in wood cell walls and lumens, leading to a reduced water uptake and remarkably enhanced dimensional stability, as well as generally improved mechanical properties. In addition, the PS generated improvement in the thermal stability of the wood composite in comparison with that of natural wood (W).
The association of resilience with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adolescent students
Authors: Maheri Mina , Alipour Mansoureh , Rohban Alireza , Garmaroudi Gholamreza
Published: October 2019

Objectives

Identifying the factors associated with HRQoL in adolescents is a prerequisite of interventions aimed at improving the overall quality of life and health status among them. Studies have identified many factors associated with HRQoL in different populations; however, very little is known about the role of resilience on HRQoL in adolescent students.

Subjects

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1500 high school students (750 boys and 750 girls) in Tehran. The subjects were selected through the cluster and multistage sampling methods.

Methods

The data collection tool included three questionnaires; a demographic information questionnaire, the Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire (KIDSCREEN-27), and the Children and Youth Resilience Measurement (CYRM-28). Data were analyzed with SPSS 23 software. Regression analysis was performed to determine the association of resilience with HRQoL.

Results

The mean score of overall health-related quality of life and overall resilience were 57.51 ± 15.03 and 98.35 ± 16.48, respectively. Individual sub-scale (β = 0.402, p < 0.001), caregiver sub-scale (β = 0.279, p < 0.001) and context sub-scale (β = 0.122, p < 0.001) of resilience were, respectively, the positive and significant predictors of HRQoL in students. The resilience sub-scales explained 49% of the total variance of HRQoL, and the individual sub-scale was the strongest predictive factor for HRQoL in students.

Conclusion

It is recommended to incorporate resilience training programs into the regular school education in order to improve the quality of life and health of students in all high schools and educational centers of the country.
Bacteriuria in pregnancy varies with the ambiance: a retrospective observational study at a tertiary hospital in Doha, Qatar
Authors: Minisha Fathima , Mohamed Mahmoud , Abdulmunem Dina , El Awad Shaza , Zidan Mahmoud , Abreo Mohini , Ahmad Shamsa , Fender Guy
Published: October 2019

Objectives

To explore the influence of ambient temperature and humidity on significant bacteriuria (SB) and urinary bacterial isolates in pregnant women.

Methods

A retrospective observational study was conducted in the sole tertiary-care hospital in Doha, Qatar. A sample of 1588 pregnant women delivering between June 2012 and March 2013 was randomly selected. Meteorological variables including ambient average daily temperature and humidity were sourced from online meteorological data, and patient information such as demographic data, urine culture results and bacterial isolates were collected from patient files. The receptor operative curve (ROC) analysis was used to determine the cutoff for temperature and humidity. Statistical analyses of associations between SB and bacterial isolates with respect to the ambient temperature and humidity were performed using Pearson’s correlation, the chi-square (χ2) test and the Kruskal-Wallis test.

Results

Of the 21.24% positive cultures, 11.25% had SB. SB showed a significant strong positive (r = +0.677, n = 17, P = 0.003) and moderate negative (r = −0.587, n = 17, P = 0.013) correlation with average monthly temperature and humidity, respectively, with doubling of rates noted with temperatures ≥35°C (11.3% vs. 3.6%; P < 0.0001) and humidity ≤50% (10.6% vs. 3.2%; P < 0.0001). Escherichia coli and Group B Streptococcus (GBS) were the most common isolates.

Conclusion

This is the first study in this region that demonstrates maternal risk with SB, with ambient temperatures of ≥35°C and humidity ≤50%. The effect of these variables on the growth of various urinary bacteria has also been shown.
Structural characterization of the bagasse lignin pretreated using solid alkali
Authors: Yang Qiulin , Wang Dongsheng , Huo Dan , Lin Lu , Liu Qiujuan , Liu Zhong , Zhan Fengshan
Published: October 2019

The pretreatment using solid alkali had a high delignification rate and could improve the followed conversion efficiency of the biomass. In the present work, the bagasse lignin was separated and pretreated using a solid alkali to discuss their structural changes. The results showed that the main basic structures S/S′/S′′, G/G′, and H had different reactivity, where only the H unit was a stable structure in the pretreatment. The phenolic structure of the lignin was easily degraded in the pretreatment, and the lignin without phenolic structure was difficult to be degraded. The P structure was a novel structure that generated in the pretreatment. Some monomeric aromatic compounds simulated lignin monomer were also pretreated by solid alkali, the result showed that the phenol structure with side chain on para-position, as well as the carboxyl group, eater linkage, and double bond on the side chain are easily reacted in the pretreatment.