bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Dynamic expansion of a cylindrical cavity in a compressible elastic-plastic medium. The Analysis of medium resistance to dynamic penetration of a sharp-nosed impactor
Authors: Khasanov A R
Published: April 2020

This paper presents the solution of the problem related to the dynamic cylindrical cavity expansion in a compressible elastic-plastic medium. Finite strains, nonlinear compressibility and dependence of the yield stress versus pressure are taken into account in the problem formulation. The study targets at developing a new engineering model on the penetration of a sharp-nosed impactor in the range of middle impact velocities based on the problem analysis results of the cylindrical cavity expansion in a half-space (cylindrical cavity expansion approximation). Based on the analytical approach a model is obtained that determines the resistance of the medium to dynamic cavity expansion. The main parameters of the model depend on the mechanical properties of the medium. For these dependences we proposed approximating relations based on manipulation of the mechanical properties of a number of materials (some alloys and soils). To derive the dynamic penetration model the A.Ya. Sagomonyan assumption of the radial expansion of the hole is used. It is assumed that particles of the medium material move in a radial direction from the surface of the impactor penetrating into the shield. Such assumption can be applied for the class of impactors in the form of slender sharp-nosed bodies of revolution. Based on the assumptions we obtained a model of the medium resistance to the dynamic penetration of a slender sharp-nosed body of revolution. The new model, in addition to the "standard" strength and inertial components, contains the "attached mass", which changes during the penetration process. The experimental validation of the new penetration model using a series of experimental studies on the penetration of various forms of impactors into aluminum alloys is considered. The influence of the “attached mass” and inertial forces of the medium resistance to the penetration is estimated. The conditions of applicability of the new model are obtained: the penetration model is applicable for estimation of the resistance of a compressible medium to penetration of a thin sharp-nosed body of revolution at impact velocities of 200-800 m/s.
The COVID-19 pandemic and the challenge of using technology for medical education in low and middle income countries
Authors: Cecilio-Fernandes Dario , Parisi Maria Cândida Ribeiro , Santos Thiago M. , Sandars John
Published: April 2020

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. The current use of technology for medical education in low and middle income countries (LMIC) during the COVID-19 pandemic is not yet reaching its potential. We provide recommendations for LMIC that has focus on a systematic framework that considers both faculty development and developing the skills of students. An enormous challenge for all medical educators, but especially in LMIC, continues to be how to maintain clinical teaching in these extraordinary times.
Fatal progression of squamous cell carcinoma 10 years after cadaveric kidney transplantation
Authors: Dymkov I. N. , Smirnov A. V. , Perlina A. D. , Tailer K. G. , Alexandrov I. V.
Published: April 2020

Various research has shown that non-melanocytic malignant skin lesion is one of the most common post-kidney transplant neoplasms. Multiple lesions and a more aggressive clinical course are more common in kidney transplant patients than in the general population. This paper presents a case of malignant skin neoplasms in a patient 10 years after cadaveric kidney transplantation. The patient received standard 3-component immunosuppression with satisfactory graft function (serum creatinine level remained at 157–178 μmol/L). Scalp neoplasm was removed. Histological examination revealed a morphological picture characteristic of basal cell carcinoma with squamous differentiation. Subsequently, a relapse of the skin neoplasm of the temporal region, as well as new lesions in the frontal region and the skin of the anterior chest wall, were discovered. Despite surgical treatment and close-focus x-ray radiation, the disease rapidly progressed and eventually led to death. Squamous cell carcinoma can progress very rapidly in patients after solid organ transplantation, despite ongoing combination treatment. Perhaps in such cases, it is worth cancelling immunosuppressive therapy completely and removing the kidney graft in order to control progression of the malignant tumor process.
Biodegradable small-diameter vascular graft: types of modification with bioactive molecules and RGD peptides
Authors: Senokosova E. A. , Krivkina E. O. , Antonova L. V. , Barbarash L. S.
Published: April 2020

The need for small-diameter grafts for replacing the damaged area of the blood pool is still very high. These grafts are very popular for coronary artery bypass grafting. Polymeric synthetic grafts are an alternative to autografts. A promising area of tissue engineering is the creation of a biodegradable graft. It can serve as the basis for de novo generation of vascular tissue directly in the patient’s body. Optimization of the polymer composition of products has led to improved physicomechanical and biocompatible properties of the products. However, the improvements are still far from needed. One of the decisive factors in the reliability of a small-diameter vascular graft is the early formation of endothelial lining on its inner surface, which can provide atrombogenic effect and full lumen of the future newly formed vessel. To achieve this goal, grafts are modified by incorporating bioactive molecules or functionally active peptide sequences into the polymer composition or immobilizing on its inner surface. Peptide sequences include cell adhesion site – arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD peptide). This sequence is present in most extracellular matrix proteins and has a tropism for integrin receptors of endothelial cells. Many studies have shown that imitation of the functional activity of the natural extracellular matrix can promote spontaneous endothelization of the inner surface of a vascular graft. Moreover, configuration of the RGD peptide determines the survival and differentiation of endothelial cells. The linker through which the peptide is crosslinked to the polymer surface determines the bioavailability of the RGD peptide for endothelial cells.
Immunohistochemical labeling of thick cryosections from pelvic ganglia v1
Authors: R Keast Janet , B Osborne Peregrine
Published: April 2020

This protocol describes immunohistochemical procedures applied to thick (50 µm) cryosections mounted directly on slides. It is used when the structures to be analysed are too large to remain intact within thin (10-20 µm) cryosections. Antibodies have been selected to distinguish different neurochemical classes of autonomic ganglion neurons and synaptic boutons associated with these neurons. The protocol can also be used to characterize neurons containing retrograde tracer.
Confocal microscopy and characterization of synaptic boutons associated with ganglion neurons v1
Authors: R Keast Janet , B Osborne Peregrine
Published: April 2020

This protocol describes confocal microscopy and image analysis procedures for characterizing neuronal cell bodies and their associated synaptic boutons in thick (50 µm) cryosections. The protocol has been applied to rat pelvic ganglia, where neuronal cell bodies have been identified using immunohistochemical markers of specific neuron populations and/or fluorescent retrograde tracer.
Light microscopic analysis of synaptic input to neurons in the rat major pelvic ganglion [keast-003] v1
Authors: R Keast Janet , B Osborne Peregrine
Published: April 2020

This collection describes the procedures required to visualise and characterize synaptic boutons associated with functionally classified pelvic ganglion autonomic neurons of adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. This collection includes protocols for: STAGE 1: Surgery to micro-inject fluorescent retrograde tracer dyes into one or more sites within the lower urinary tract STAGE 2: Intracardiac perfusion with fixative to preserve neural tissues of interest STAGE 3: Immunohistochemical labeling of thick cryosections of pelvic ganglia STAGE 4: Confocal microscopy and image analysis of synaptic boutons associated with ganglion neurons.
Immediate Early Gene (IEG) mapping of spinal cord neurons activated by cystometry-induced micturition in rats [keast-002] v1
Authors: R Keast Janet , B Osborne Peregrine , Wiedmann Nicole
Published: April 2020

This collection describes the procedures required to visualize and characterize lumbosacral spinal neurons that are activated by cystometry of awake adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. This collection includes protocols for: STAGE 1: Surgery to cannulate the bladder, followed by recovery then cystometry STAGE 2: Intracardiac perfusion with fixative to preserve the spinal cord tissue STAGE 3: Immunohistochemical labelling of spinal cord sections to visualise immediate early gene expression in specific spinal regions and neuronal populations STAGE 4: Microscopy and image analysis to assess patterns of immediate early gene expression in different spinal cord regions
SNARE-seq2 v1
Authors: Plongthongkum Nongluk , H Diep Dinh , Chen Song , Lake Blue , Zhang Kun
Published: April 2020

To study the heterogeneity of complex tissues by joint profiling of gene expression and its regulation, we require an accurate and high-throughput method. Here we described improved high-throughput combinatorial indexing-based single-nucleus chromatin accessibility and mRNA expression sequencing 2 (SNARE-Seq2) co-assay. This protocol involves fixing and permeabilizing the nucleus followed by tagmentation, chromatin barcode ligation, reverse transcription, pooling and splitting for the next rounds of cell barcode ligation into cDNA and accessible chromatin (AC) on the same nucleus. The captured cDNA and AC are co-amplified before splitting and enrichment into single-nucleus RNA and single-nucleus AC sequencing libraries. The protocol can also be applied to both nuclei and whole cells to capture mRNA in the cytoplasm. This improvement allows us to generate hundreds of thousands of data set of each assay and can be scaled up to half a million cells from a single experiment. The entire procedure can be complete in 3.5 d for generating joint single-nucleus RNA and single-nucleus ATAC sequencing libraries.
Drug Behaviour Imaging on Phenix v1
Authors: Barlow Ida , Mcdermott-Rouse Adam
Published: April 2020

For imaging drug-treated young adult C. elegans in liquids using the Multiworm tracker. Worms are synchronised by picking L4s, and then theyoung adults are exposed to drugs for 4 hours prior to imaging for 15 mins in a liquid droplet on a coverslip mounted on a 3.5cm plate.
A protocol for rapid detection of the 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 using CRISPR diagnostics: SARS-CoV-2 DETECTR v3
Authors: Biosciences Mammoth , P. Broughton James , Deng Wayne , L. Fasching Clare , Singh Jasmeet , Y. Chiu Charles , S. Chen Janice
Published: April 2020

***DISCLAIMER: This protocol has not been approved by the FDA and should not be used as a clinical diagnostic*** Introduction Given the global health emergency, rapid transmission, and severe respiratory disease associated with the outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), Mammoth Biosciences has reconfigured our DETECTR platform to rapidly and accurately detect SARS-CoV-2 using a visual lateral flow strip format within 30 minutes from sample to result. To ensure specificity of detection, we selected a high-fidelity CRISPR detection enzyme and designed sets of gRNAs that can either 1) differentiate SARS-CoV-2 or 2) provide multi-coronavirus strain detection. SARS-CoV-2 DETECTR couples CRISPR detection with isothermal pre-amplification using primers based on protocols validated by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and World Health Organization (WHO). Currently in the United States, the CDC SARS-CoV-2 real-time RT-PCR diagnostic panel has a laboratory turnaround time of approximately 4-6 hours, with results that can be delayed for >24 hours after sample collection due to shipping requirements. In addition, these tests are only available in CDC-designated public health laboratories certified to perform high-complexity testing. Mammoth is working to enable point of care testing (POCT) solutions that can be deployed in areas at greatest risk of transmitting SARS-CoV-2 infection, including airports, emergency departments, and local community hospitals, particularly in low-resource countries. Leveraging an “off-the-shelf” strategy to enable practical solutions within a short time frame, we describe here a protocol that is fast (<30 min), practical (available immediately from international suppliers), and validated using contrived samples. Figure 1 | a) SARS-CoV-2 DETECTR has a limit of detection (n=6) of 10 copies per µl input. b) Schematic of DETECTR assay coupled to lateral flow strip. c) Representative lateral flow results for the assay shown for 0 copies per µl and 10 copies per µl Acknowledgements: We thank Vikram Joshi, Nefeli Tsaloglou and Xin Miao for advice and helpful discussions in the preparation of this whitepaper. Conflicts of Interest: JPB, CLF, JS and JSC are employees of Mammoth Biosciences, CYC is on the Scientific Advisory Board of Mammoth Biosciences, and JSC is a co-founder of Mammoth Biosciences. JPB, CLF, JS, CYC and JSC are co-inventors on CRISPR-related technologies.
Use of tracer dyes to label neural projections to lower urinary tract organs v1
Authors: R Keast Janet , B Osborne Peregrine
Published: April 2020

This protocol is used to visualise sensory and autonomic neurons innervating the bladder body (dome), bladder trigone or proximal urethra in an experimental adult male or female rat. The protocol is performed under anesthesia and should incorporate all local requirements for standards of animal experimentation, including methods of anesthesia, surgical environment, and post-operative monitoring and care.
Review of the article “Oncological results of neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy in patients with high and very high-risk prostate cancer”
Authors: Nussko K. M.
Published: April 2020

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Review of the article “Choice of urine deriv ation method after r adical cystectomy in the high anesthesiological risk gr oup”
Authors: Figurin K. M.
Published: April 2020

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Studies on the Biology and Eco Physiology of Sesame Seed Bug, Elasmolomus Sordidus Fabricius, at Kafta - Humera Sesame Fields
Authors: Berhe Muez , Tsegay Berhanu Abraha , Terefe Geremew
Published: April 2020

The experiment was conducted in the plant protection laboratory of the Humera Agricultural Research Center to study the biology of sesame seed bug, Elasmolomus sordidus (Fabricius), Hemiptera: Lygaeidae. E.sordidus is considered as the most important harvest and post-harvest insect pest of sesame in North western Ethiopia. The rearing and other tests were conducted in the laboratory at 28-330C and 50 to 65% RH. The result of this laboratory investigation indicated that the mean egg incubation period was 5.4± 0.05 days while the total mean nymphal duration took 18.44±0.10. A mean adult lifespan of 20.24±0.19 days was recorded. The mean lifespan from egg to adult death was 44.08 days, which range from 32-54 days. The reproductive period was 7.08 ± 0.26 days and the peak laying period was on the first and second day of its reproductive days. Even though E.sordidus was present the whole year high outbreak was recorded at harvest (October) and continued up to January, which afterward declined until the next harvest time.
Efficacy of Myrmecodia Platytyrae (MyP) Water Extract in Reducing Cholesterol Level in Hypercholesterolemia Induced Sprague Dawley Rat
Authors: Hasan M. K. Nik , Wahab I. Abdul , Mizaton H. H. , Rasadah M. A.
Published: April 2020

Myrmecodia plant or ant-nest plant is from Rubiaceae family. Rubiaceae are mainly tropical woody plants, consist mostly of trees and shrubs and can be found in temperate regions. Myrmecodia platytyrea (MyP) are believed to have medicinal value.  This study was designed in order to investigate the effect of MyP extract as anti hypercholesterolemic agent. The results showed that treatment of MyP can significantly reduce (p<0.05) low density lipoprotein (LDL) compared to negative control group. The extract was significantly increase (p<0.05) high density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration compared to negative control group. Besides that, MyP increased fecal cholesterol and fecal bile compared to normal control group. It was also found that lipid profile was significantly decreased (p<0.05) in MyP treatment group. All biochemistry data showed that MyP water extract was not toxic at all.
THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DEEP EUTECTIC SOLVENT-CARBON NANOTUBES (DES-CNT) BASED NANOLUBRICANT
Authors: WALVEKAR Rashmi , SİNGH Amarpreet , KHALİD Mohammad , GUPTA Tcsm , WONG Wai Yin
Published: April 2020

Lubrication is an important aspect when it comes to machinery and equipment in the industry where nanolubricants are extensively being explored as the future of lubricants. Nanolubricants are new-engineered fluids, which are dispersed with nanoparticles that aids in the interface movement by forming a protective layer hence reducing the wear and friction and dissipate the heat generated due to friction. In this research, a new synthetic lubricant is formulated by mixing two or more components of hydrogen bond donors and halide salt that achieves lower melting points compared to individual components. In this study, Glycerol and Polyethylene Glycol 600 (PEG) acts as the HBDs with common salt of Choline Chloride (ChCl). The nanolubricants were synthesised via two-step method by dispersing three different concentration of Functionalised Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes (F-MWCNTs) of 0.01 wt%, 0.05 wt% and 0.10 wt% with the aid of ultrasonication. The stability of the suspensions were studied via optical microscopy and visual observation. The addition of F-MWCNT increased the resultant dynamic viscosity of the nanolubricant whereas the density was not much affected. Besides that, thermal conductivity showed positive enhancement for glycerol DES nanolubricant and negative enhancement for PEG DES nanolubricant. Thus, this study concludes that the thermophysical properties of DES base fluids and MWCNT have potential to be used as lubricants due to its enhanced physical properties.
Hearing loss in patients with head and neck cancer post chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Begh Raies Ahmad , Koul Disha , Saraf Aditiya , Kalsotra Parmod
Published: April 2020

Background: The aim of the study was to study incidence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and conductive hearing loss (CHL) in patients receiving chemoradiation for head and neck malignancies and to ascertain the pattern of hearing loss in different frequencies.

Methods: The present study was conducted on 100 patients of histopathologically proven head and neck malignancy admitted in Department of Otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery, SMGS Hospital, GMC Jammu during a time period of July 2017 to June 2019.Inclusion criteria for our study were patients with primary site of malignancy at nasal cavity, nasopharynx, oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, hypopharynx and salivary glands undergoing chemo-radiotherapy. Hearing loss was calculated with reference to the pre-treatment hearing threshold. A decrease of >20 dB in single frequency or >10 dB in two or more consecutive frequency was considered significant.  

Results: In the study, 65 patients (65%) developed sensorineural hearing loss and 22 patient (22%) developed conductive hearing loss during course of treatment. However, 7 patients (7%) developed a mixed type hearing loss during course of treatment.

Conclusions: Although chemo radiation affects all the frequencies significantly but SNHL is markedly seen in higher frequencies. Conductive hearing loss is also a common adverse event after radiotherapy to the upper head and neck area.
Hearing assessment in chronic kidney disease patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jain Sachin , Upadhyay Ved Prakash , Aftab Mohammed , Singh Ram Siya , Dubey Abhishek Kumar , Singh Himani Naresh
Published: April 2020

Background: It is well known that chronic kidney disease (CKD) causes different systemic and otorhinolaryngologic manifestations due to the accumulation of waste products, osmotic alteration, and antigenic similarity between basement membrane of the glomerulus and stria vascularis of the inner ear.   

Methods: The study subjects were divided into two groups, 50 CKD patients and 50 healthy volunteers in age group 15-60 years. All CKD patients and controls were subjected to hearing assessment using standard pure tone audiometry.  

Results: For low frequency hearing loss increased from stage 2 and 3 to stage 4 and 5, and for high frequency hearing loss among stage 2 and 3 CKD patients was mild to moderate (65.22%) in nature and hearing loss increased in intensity (i.e. severe to profound) in stage 4 and 5 of CKD patients. Dialysis patients were having more severe hearing loss in comparison to non dialysis patients. Hearing loss was negatively correlated with the eGFR. And positively correlated with the duration of the disease (CKD).

Conclusions: Our study highlights the pattern of hearing loss in people suffering from chronic kidney disease who were either on dialysis or not on dialysis. Early identification can prevent further deterioration of hearing in patients suffering from chronic kidney disease.
Prevalence of congenital non syndromic hearing loss among offspring of consanguineous marriage: a pilot study
Authors: K. S. Gangadhar , Bhaktha Geetha , B. Manjula , P. Nageshwari
Published: April 2020

Background: Mutations in the gene encoding the gap-junction protein connexin-26, is understood to be the most important cause of non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL). An attempt to identify the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) for W24X mutation was done.  Consanguineous marriage was seen among the NSHL subjects.

Methods: SNP was identified using restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR).  Forty-five subjects were screened for congenital hearing loss. Twenty subjects matched the inclusion criteria and were included in the study.

Results: 5 out of 20 subjects were found to have mutation i.e., 25%. Though consanguinity is known to cause autosomal recessive defect, the same could not be depicted in this study.

Conclusions: 25% of the study population had a mutation in their gene and the rest though had consanguineous marriage had not been affected genotypically.
Assess the hearing of contralateral ear in patients with unilateral chronic squamosal otitis media
Authors: Khan Raphella , Kasliwal Anirudh
Published: April 2020

Background: Chronic squamosal otitis media can occur due to many conditions affecting the middle ear. Most common sign of developing a chronic squamosal otitis media is formation of a retraction pocket in the tympanic membrane leading to further development of a cholesteatoma and if not treated properly, may lead to development of dangerous complication in the affected ear. These etiological factors may also affect the other ear. It is therefore very necessary to assess and diagnose the contralateral ear, so that the disease can be intervened and treated at the right time, to prevent any deterioration in hearing of the contralateral ear.

Methods: The prospective study was done in 100 patients with unilateral chronic squamosal otitis media, where the contra lateral ear was examined and assessed for any hearing loss.  

Results: We found hearing loss in the contra lateral ear ranging from mild conductive hearing loss to sensorineural hearing loss with the maximum patients with mild conductive hearing loss (42%) and lowest in sensorineural hearing loss (1%).  

Conclusions: In our study, 76 patients were seen with conductive hearing loss. Out of that, 42% patients were seen with mild conductive hearing loss, 30% with moderate conductive hearing loss and 4% with severe conductive hearing loss. 20% patients were seen with normal hearing. 3% patients were seen with mixed hearing loss and only 1% patient was seen with sensorineural hearing loss in contralateral ear.
A comparative analysis between intralesional 5-fluorouracil versus surgical excision with intralesional triamcinalone acetonide in keloid excision
Authors: Thomas Ritty Ann , Patel Vasim Ismail
Published: April 2020

Background: Keloids are characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of fibrous tissue after injury of the skin and has been treated by various modalities. Recently, newer therapeutic modalities have been studied including intralesional 5-FU, verapamil, laser therapy, cryotherapy, silicone sheet dressings, irradiation, retinoids, tacrolimus, imiquimod and combination therapy. The aim of this study is to analyse the response of intralesional 5-FU alone with that of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide with surgical excision thus to provide the best possible treatment modality to patients.

Methods: Sixteen patients having keloid in head and neck region were taken into the study and divided into two groups after a routine blood check-up. Group A intralesional 5-FU once in three weeks for six sessions. Group B surgical excision followed by intralesional triamcinalone acetonide once weekly for six sessions. Patients were followed up for one year.  

Results: In group A, 7 patients came for review regularly. Aesthetic improvement was excellent for 6 but was considerably painful for all. In group B, 8 patients came for regular review, 6 had minimal scarring and all patients complained of mild pain post operatively.

Conclusions: Intralesional 5-FU can be a very effective treatment modality for keloids, with no recurrence noted, except for its poor tolerability owing to side effects such as pain, nausea and vomiting. Classical method of surgical excision followed by intralesional steroids is better tolerated but has higher recurrence rates. 
Evaluation of single stage tympanomastoid surgery in unsafe chronic suppurative otitis media in Kashmiri population: a cross sectional study
Authors: Mir Parvez Ahmed , Makhdoomi Owais , Abbas Syed Waseem
Published: April 2020

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is typically a persistent disease insidious in ONSET, affecting the mucoperiosteal lining of middle ear cleft, often capable of causing severe destruction and irreversible sequelae and manifests clinically with hearing impairment and discharge. Successful management of unsafe CSOM has posed challenge before otolaryngologists for ages.

Methods: The prospective study is based on 40 patients of unsafe CSOM who were managed and followed up in the post graduate department of otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery of Government medical college Srinagar with relevant data was recorded on the proforma.  

Results: All the patients who underwent single stage tympanomastoid surgery with or without ossicular chain reconstruction had no evidence of recurrent disease at follow up with 82.5% were below the age of 40, of which 40% were between 21 to 30 years. Males were more involved than females (1.2:1), also CT scan findings were co related with intra operative findings during our study.

Conclusions: In conclusion a perfectly performed canal wall down mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty with us without ossiculoplasty in same sitting give good and acceptable post-operative results as far as the hearing improvement and dry and safe ear is concerned.
Comparative study of 0.5% bupivacaine infiltration versus sterile water infiltration in tonsillar fossa during tonsillectomy performed under general anaesthesia
Authors: U. P. Santosh , V. C. Sanjay
Published: April 2020

Background: Tonsillectomy is a treatment of choice when medical line treatment is failed in chronic tonsillitis. Post tonsillectomy pain is the most common problem of this surgery which may persists for weeks and affect normal daily activities. Use of opiods and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for relieving pain may leads to nausea, vomiting and post tonsillectomy haemorrhages. We renewed interest in infiltration of local anaesthetic drug in the tonsillar fossa during tonsillectomy. To evaluate the efficacy of 0.5% bupivacaine infiltration in tonsillar fossa during tonsillectomy under general anaesthesia in terms of post-operative pain relief.

Methods: It is double blinded prospective comparative study was carried out on 100 patients of either sex and age 5-40 years who diagnosed with chronic tonsillitis undergoing tonsillectomy and willing to participate in study were included.50 patients were infiltrated with sterile water and other 50 patients were infiltrated with 0.5% bupivacaine in the tonsillar fossa during tonsillectomy performed under general anaesthesia. Postoperatively at 2nd, 6th, 24th hours and 7th day all patients were evaluated for pain score by using visual analogue scale.  

Results: In our study, post-operative pain mean score 2nd, 6th, 24th hour and 7th day post-operative period for test and control group was “3.3 and 7.1”, “3.2 and 5.2”, “1.7 and 4.8” and “0.6 and 2.2” respectively which was found to be statistically significant (p<0.001).

Conclusions: 0.5% bupivacaine infiltration in the tonsillar fossa during tonsillectomy had lower pain score in post-operative period compare to sterile water infiltration.

 
Regional prevalence of different types of sinusitis at a tertiary care centre in Northern India
Authors: Khan Abdul Rehman , Siddiqui Farzana
Published: April 2020

Background: The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of different types of rhinosinusitis in patients attending ENT Department OPD at a tertiary care centre in Ruhelkhand area of Northern India.

Methods: This study was done at department of Otorhinolaryngology, RMRI, Bareilly, India, a tertiary-care Teaching hospital. A total number of 39823 patients (22379 females, 17444 males) were included in this study from December 2017 till February 2020. Age range of selected patients was 3 months to 76 years, 3883 patients were having Rhinosinusitis and remaining having other ENT diseases.  

Results: During 27 months period from December 2017 to February 2020, 39823 patients were seen in the OPD and patients were categorized in different disease groups, like chronic suppurative otitis media and acute suppurative otitis media, upper respiratory tract infections, acute and chronic tonsillitis and pharyngitis. Fourth most common disease group was different types of rhinosinusitis.

Conclusions: In this study assessment was done of different ENT patients attending OPD. Chronic rhinosinusitis (46.1%) was the most common type of rhinosinusitis, followed by Acute type (29.7%).
Button battery foreign body among children: a case series
Authors: P. Sebastian Gerald , Kaliyan Rajinidevi , Devadason Pethuru
Published: April 2020

In children the foreign bodies are a common occurrence which may be either accidental or self-induced as a matter of habit. Various materials like metal, plastic toy parts, food matters, etc have been reported as foreign bodies. Button batteries have been reported as foreign bodies in the ear, nose and throat are very relevant and practical, due to their early chemical disintegration in contact with mucosal surface; hence, need emergency surgical intervention to avoid complications. Here, we report five cases of button batteries in the ear nose and throat at various stages of presentation with their sequelae.
The Effect of School Literation Movement on Students’ Reading Interest Through Learning Sources
Authors: Oktaviani Windha , . Sopiah
Published: April 2020

This study aims at examining the direct and indirect effects of the school literacy movement program on students’ reading interest through learning resources. This type of research is ex post facto by using path analysis. The number of research samples is 269 Vocational High School students in Indonesia. Data collection technique used: questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis technique used path analysis. The results of this study indicate that directly and indirectly there is a positive and significant effect of the school literacy movement program on students’ reading interest through learning resources.
Keywords: School literacy movements, reading interest, learning resources.
Analysis of Tax Amnesty Implementation in the Financial Statements of Publicly Listed Companies in Indonesia
Authors: Delima Siahaan Tika , Martani Dwi
Published: April 2020

This study aims to analyze Indonesian companies that present and disclose tax amnesty in their financial statements according to PSAK 70. The analysis is conducted on the characteristics of the companies, the choice of accounting policies for tax amnesty, the presentation of tax amnesty assets and liabilities, the effects of equity from tax amnesty, and the disclosure of the redemption money. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method by analyzing financial reports for the year 2016, which are downloaded from the website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange. In 2016, 194 publicly listed companies participated in tax amnesty. The result shows that the highest participation comes from the property, real estate and building construction industry. The result also shows that 23 companies explicitly state their choice of accounting policies. In addition, 26 companies present tax amnesty assets and liabilities separately from other assets and liabilities, and 83 companies disclose the amount of redemption money.
Keywords: tax amnesty, financial statements, PSAK 70, accounting policy, presentation and disclosure
Strategy to Improve the Quality of Indonesian Industrial Halal through Smart Investment and Education Systems 4.0
Authors: Gunawan Ari
Published: April 2020

Indonesia with a Muslim population reaching 87.17% is very strategic for the development of halal industry. But the halal industry in Indonesia has not grown optimally. One reason is the lack of Islamic financial literacy, whereas literacy greatly influences the financial decisions taken. The government organization, BPJPH, which handles certification and provides Islamic financial literacy, has not yet operated. Therefore we need an innovative solution that is a smart system about Education and Investment for halal industry. The research methodology used is descriptive qualitative. Through quantitative research with one sample t test using descriptive analysis and each 1 research variable. This system is a concept of innovation in the field technology that can be a bridge for government organizations namely BPJPH to provide Islamic financial literacy. Not just giving literacy, but also offering alternative solutions for submission of sharia-compliant capital loans. This system brings together important elements in the halal industry cycle, namely halal industry players, Islamic banking, investors and the government as regulators through an application. Increased Sharia financial literacy and the potential of Return of Investment in halal industries can be realized. This is evidenced by an increase of 80% to the understanding of the halal industry from before, and the potential increase in capital and profits that reached a Return of Investment of 14.3% in the calculation of research samples in the province of East Java. This shows the benefits and success of the application of smart education and investment systems for the halal industry in Indonesia.
Keywords: Islamic financial literacy, Islamic finance, technology
UM Education Performance Measurement Using Empowerment As Predictor Variable
Authors: Wardoyo Cipto , Dwi Satrio Yogi , Ma’ruf Dudung
Published: April 2020

There are two research variables in this study including the performance of the employees as a Independent variable and employee empowerment is a predictor variable. The purpose of this research is to understand the impact of employee empowerment variables affecting employee performance. The study entered into a quantitative descriptive research category using regression analysis techniques. The subject in this study was an employee of the education personnel of the Universitas Negeri Malang with 656 population, of course this amount is more than adequate to be researched. The thing behind this research is one because the Universitas Negeri Malang has made fundamental changes in order to improve the management of institutions, such as remuneration for both lecturers and education personnel. These fundamental changes must necessarily be followed by an increase in the performance of employees (lecturers and education personnel). The techniques in sampling used in this study use the sample of the invite with the proportion to be obtained by 260 samples. The method of data collection is doing by interview techniques, questionnaire/questionnaire, documentation, and observation. Where the results of observations show that the mechanism of empowerment of employees is less effective in improving employee performance.
Keywords: Employee empowerment, employee performance
Study of Social and Economic Welfare in the Malang City
Authors: Kustiandi Januar , Rachmawati Dian
Published: April 2020

This study aims to determine the level of community welfare, causes of welfare, and efforts made to improve the welfare of the community in Malang. Data analysis is guided by interactive data analysis model. While to know the policy strategy that can be taken by government by using SWOT analysis. The results of this study indicate that the level of welfare of the community in the city of Malang has improved quality, which is indicated by the decrease in pre-prosperous family level. This is supported by the role of government, private, and universities that contribute in the form of providing basic services (health and education) for free for indigenous people of Malang City by the government. In addition, community service programs conducted by the university, also able to improve the quality of human resources community. While the private sector contributes in the form of CSR funds that are used to increase public facilities and infrastructure development and scholarships.
Keywords: social welfare, economic prosperity
Alms-Giving and Financial Management
Authors: Agustin Grisvia , Sumanto Agus , Hasyim Ibnu Abbas Muhammad , Fajar Prastiwi Lustina , Merlinda Santi
Published: April 2020

Objectives of financial management may be broadly divided into two parts such as profit maximization and wealth maximization. But alms-giving doesn’t have any connection with profit maximization or wealth maximization. Giving of alms is individual spending with non-profit oriented. Alms-giving objective for religious reason only to obey God’s order. In macro economics and micro-economics theory there are alms component as spending. Because alms-giving is better to be spent secretly. The research aims to analyze causality relationship between giving of alms with individual financial management using Econometric analysis Toda-Yamamoto causality test with E-views software. Purposive sampling method is employed to get primary data from respondents. Personal finance management is an activity that involves all the individual financial decisions, which includes budgeting, saving, insurance, mortgages. When a person plans his personal finance, he needs to take a range of financial products and other personal factors into consideration. Personal finance management has a huge influence on one’s life and future. Respondents comes from various region with various occupation and income with various religion background. Research analysis finds overwhelming support for the idea which optimism impacts economic decision-making by proving that alms affect financial management.
Keywords: Alms-giving, financial management, Toda-Yamamoto causality test
Integrating Information Technology and Stem Learning Models in Industrial 4.0 Revolution
Authors: Handayani Sri , Mintarti W Sri Umi , Megasari Rizza , Kustiandi Januar
Published: April 2020

At present the world is entering the era of industrial revolution 4.0 which is closely related to information technology on the basis of human life (Kemenristekdikti, 2018a). With these changes, of course the world of education must also immediately respond to these changes. The steps that can be taken is by integrating information technology with innovative learning models. As a teacher in the Indonesian era 4.0 gave birth to a term known as Teacher 4.0 Challenges & Requirements. To become a 4.0 teacher must have 3 components, namely: 1) Human - Based & Didactical Challengee; 2) Organizational Challengee and 3) Technological Challengee. (Abdelrazeq, 2016). To support these competencies, one of the learning models that can be used is the STEM-based learning model. STEM Education is a combination of areas of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) (Duran, et al., 2016). This paper aims to: 1) explain the perception of information technology and STEM learning for prospective economic teachers. 2) describes the efforts to integrate Information Technology and STEM-based Learning Models in the face of the Age of Industrial Revolution 4.0.
Keywords: Industrial Revolution Era 4.0, Information Technology, and Innovative Learning Models, STEM, Teacher Competencies 4.0.
IMPLEMENTATION OF EDUCATION MODEL 4.0: DEVELOPING INDUSTRY 4.0 SKILLS IN GRADUATES ENGINEERS FOR IMPROVING EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS
Authors: Singh Dheeraj , Tilak Geetali
Published: April 2020

Purpose of the study: With the growing technologies, unemployment is a big issue for youngsters, which is a big challenge in itself due to lack of skills among the youngsters The main purpose of this study is to shows, how the education 4.0, in-line with industry 4.0, to develop and optimize personalized education, would ultimately determine how young people of the future will work and live in. Methodology: Both quantitative and qualitative data are used in this research study. For this research as a survey questionnaire is used for collecting primary data. Data Collection and analysis methods are adopted wherein the questionnaire is circulated amongst various stakeholders like engineering students, faculty and industry experts in Pune City.  Main Findings: A conceptual framework is proposed to identify factors affecting uncertainty in employability and implementation of education 4.0 model aligned with industry 4.0 to overcome these factors for developing existing education is studied here. Applications of this study: Higher and technical educational institutes where every year more students are graduated with a technical education but a large percentage of them are not able to get employment. IT and manufacturing companies found a lack of skills in them and not ready to hire them. An educational institute is failing to fill this gap and more uncertainty in employment has occurred. This research will be helpful to the educational institutes to implement an education 4.0 model to enhance new parameters for restructuring the existing education that would be benefited for students and institutes to meet the requirements of industries. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study has proposed a new conceptual framework of identifying the factors that cause of unemployment gap between academia and industries. This study has focused on the implementation of education 4.0 model in line with industry 4.0 where readers will learn how a new model of education will be helpful to educational institutes in developing their existing education methods as well as will be benefited to the graduated students in terms of developing skills to cope with new emerging technologies.
Prevalencia y factores asociados con el consumo diario de cigarrillo en mujeres adultas de Bucaramanga, Colombia
Authors: Campo Arias Adalberto , Díaz Martínez Luis Alfonso
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: el consumo de cigarrillo es un problema de salud pública que crece gradualmente en mujeres y se asocia con una importante morbimortalidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue hallar la prevalencia y los factores asociados con el consumo diario de cigarrillo en mujeres adultas.Diseño: estudio poblacional transversal.Lugar: población general de la ciudad de Bucaramanga, Colombia.Participantes: mujeres adultas letradas entre 18 y 65 años de edad.Intervenciones: ninguna.Principales resultados a medir: consumo diario de café, consumo abusivo de alcohol, trastornos mentales comunes y consumo diario de cigarrillo durante el último mes.Resultados: se entrevistaron 1.726 mujeres con edad promedio de 38,3 años (DE=13,3) y escolaridad promedio de 8,8 años (DE=3,9); 56,2% estaban casadas; 37,1% eran empleadas; 68% residían en estrato medio; 44,4% consumía diariamente café; 1,4% presentaba consumo abusivo de alcohol; y 15,8% informó un trastorno mental común. La prevalencia de fumadoras actuales fue 6,3% (IC95% 5,2-7,4). Luego de controlar por escolaridad, el consumo diario de cigarrillo se asoció con el consumo abusivo de alcohol (OR=5,1; IC95% 2,0-12,8; p=0,001); la presencia de un trastorno mental común (OR=3,5; IC95% 2,2-5,3; p<0,001), el consumo diario de café (OR=3,0; IC95% 1,9-4,6; p<0,001) y vivir en estrato socioeconómico bajo (OR=1,5; IC95% 1,0-2,4; p=0,042).Conclusiones: una de cada dieciséis mujeres de la población general consume cigarrillo diariamente. Es necesaria la promoción activa del abandono de este consumo en esta población.
Perfil lipídico por trimestres de gestación en una población de mujeres colombianas
Authors: Landázuri Patricia , Restrepo Beatriz , Trejos Juanita , Gallego Martha Lucía , Loango Chamorro Nelsy , Ocampo Rodrigo
Published: April 2020

Introducción: El embarazo se acompaña de cambios en el metabolismo materno de las lipoproteínas para satisfacer las demandas nutricionales del feto. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar el comportamiento del perfil lipídico durante  los diferentes trimestres en una población de gestantes colombianas.Metodología: el colesterol total, las lipoproteínas y los triglicéridos fueron estudiados en 422 mujeres durante los tres trimestres del embarazo. Colesterol, triglicéridos y lipoproteínas fueron medidos en suero por métodos enzimáticos.Resultados: Los  triglicéridos  (128,2 ± 85,8; 238,6 ± 130,2; 305,1 ± 168,7 mg/dL), el colesterol total(180,3; 235,8; 270 ± 107,1 mg/dL), las lipoproteínas de muy baja densidad (25,6 ± 17,2; 47,5 ± 25,8; 59,9 ± 31,7 mg/dL) y las lipoproteínas de baja densidad (123,8 ± 69,2; 158,3 ± 77,6; 185 ± 102,6 mg/dL). Las diferencias en las variables fueron estadísticamente significativas trimestre a trimestre (todos las p <0,001).Conclusiones: estos resultados muestran cambios metabólicos en el perfil lipídico durante el embarazo, los datos pueden ser de interés médico para hacer seguimiento a aquellas gestantes con perfil lipídico alterado, diabetes gestacional, hipertensión u otras enfermedades relacionadas.
Adolescente con síndrome de Mayer-von Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser: la importancia de un manejo integral multidisciplinario
Authors: Barbosa Gabriel , Varela-Guzmán Mario
Published: April 2020

Se presenta el caso clásico de una adolescente con diagnóstico incidental y tardío de síndrome de Mayer-von Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser y lo que consideramos aspectos fundamentales a tener en cuenta para favorecer el diagnóstico precoz y manejo de estas pacientes desde el diagnóstico inicial. Incluimos una descripción detallada de la técnica quirúrgica utilizada para reparar la anomalía, que consistió en una neovaginoplastia sigmoidea en tres tiempos sucesivos por la técnica de Peña modificada. Recalcamos la importancia del manejo multidisciplinario que involucra tanto un equipo médico calificado, como paramédicos y profesionales del área psico-social y de igual forma involucrar en todos los aspectos, la opinión de la paciente y sus padres o tutores.