bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automatisierte Baumaschinen und Robotik
Authors:   Technische Universität Dresden, Will Frank
Published: August 2023

Die Bauwirtschaft sieht sich gegenwärtig und wohl auch in naher Zukunft mit einer großen Nachfrage nach Baumaßnahmen zur Schaffung von Wohnungen und Infrastruktur konfrontiert. Diesem Bedarf stehen ein nicht zu übersehender Mangel an Fachkräften und zunehmende Regularien und Qualitätserwartungen während des gesamten Bauprozesses gegenüber. Verglichen mit anderen Wirtschaftsbereichen hat die Baubranche zudem erheblichen Nachholbedarf im Hinblick auf ihre Produktivitätsentwicklung. So zeigen dahingehend nahezu alle Industrie- und Dienstleistungsbereiche einen mehr oder weniger kontinuierlich ansteigenden Trend, wohingegen die Produktivität in der Bauwirtschaft seit Jahrzehnten stagniert. Um diesen Anforderungen erfolgreich begegnen zu können, bieten die aktuell in allen Bereichen diskutierten Digitalisierungsansätze auch bei Baumaßnahmen und Baumaschinen nicht unerhebliches Potenzial. Dennoch gibt es bisher nur eine vergleichsweise geringe Durchdringung des Marktes mit industriell tauglichen Digitalisierungslösungen in der Bauwirtschaft. Vor diesem Hintergrund entstand das vorliegende Gutachten zum Thema „Automatisierte Baumaschinen und Robotik“, welches im Wesentlichen auf die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Automatisierung etablierter Baumaschinen durch die Integration verfügbarer Technologien zielt. Darüber hinaus werden neuartige und für den Einsatz in der Bauwirtschaft speziell konzipierte Technologien und Maschinen betrachtet. Dabei gewährt das Gutachten einen freien Blick auf den aktuellen Stand angewandter Technologien, Prozesse und Maschinen, zeigt weiterführend erkennbare Entwicklungstrends auf und klassifiziert Potenziale zur Effizienz-, Qualitäts- und Produktivitätssteigerung.
Tutorial: Determining Best Practices for Using Genetic Algorithms in Molecular Discovery
Authors: Greenstein Brianna , Elsey Danielle , Hutchison Geoffrey
Published: August 2023

Genetic algorithms (GAs) are a powerful tool to search large chemical spaces for inverse molecular design. However, GAs have multiple hyperparameters that have not been thoroughly investigated for chemical space searches. In this work, we examine the general effects of a number of hyperparameters, such as population size, elitism rate, selection method, mutation rate, and convergence criteria, on key GA performance metrics. We show that using a self-termination method with a minimum Spearman's rank correlation coefficient of 0.8 between generations maintained for 50 consecutive generations along with a population size of 32, 50% elitism rate, 3- way tournament selection, and a 40% mutation rate provides the best balance of finding the overall champion, maintaining good coverage of elite targets, and improving relative speedup for general use in molecular design GAs.
The nanoscale ordering of cellulose in a hierarchically structured hybrid material revealed using scanning electron diffraction
Authors: Nero Mathias , Ali Hasan , Li Yuanyuan , Willhammar Tom
Published: August 2023

Cellulose, being a renewable and abundant biopolymer, has garnered significant attention for its unique properties and potential applications in hybrid materials. Understanding the hierarchical arrangement of cellulose nanofibers is crucial for developing cellulose-based materials with enhanced mechanical properties. In this study, we present the use of Scanning Electron Diffraction (SED) to map the nanoscale orientation of cellulose fibers in a bio-composite material with a preserved wood cell structure. The SED data provides insights into the ordering of cellulose and enables quantitative analysis of the fiber orientation within the composite with a resolution of ~15 nm. We observed a highly organized arrangement of cellulose fibers within the secondary cell wall, with a gradient of orientations towards the outer part of the wall. The in-plane fiber rotation was quantified, revealing a uniform orientation close to the middle lamella. Transversely sectioned material exhibited similar trends, suggesting a layered cell wall structure. Based on the SED data, we constructed a 3D model depicting the complex helical alignment of fibers throughout the cell wall. This study demonstrates the unique opportunities SED provides for characterizing the nanoscale hierarchical arrangement of cellulose nanofibers, empowering further research on a range of hybrid materials.
Highly NIR-II Scattering Gold Superclusters for Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography Molecular Imaging
Authors: Calvert Nicholas D. , Baxter Joshua , Torrens Aidan A. , Thompson Jesse , Kirby Alexia , Walia Jaspreet , Hemmer Eva , Berini Pierre , Hibbert Benjamin , Ramunno Lora , Shuhendler Adam J.
Published: August 2023

In North America, intravascular optical coherence tomography (IV-OCT) is performed every few minutes to evaluate atherosclerotic plaques and guide stent placement. Currently, IV-OCT is limited to anatomical imaging, providing structural information about atherosclerotic plaque morphology, thrombus and dissection. Earlier detection and risk stratification would be possible through molecular characterization of endothelium, but necessitates a purpose-engineered IV-OCT contrast agent. We developed gold superclusters (AuSC) tailored to clinical instrumentation and integrated into clinically relevant workflows. AuSC are aqueously dispersible clusters of closely packed small gold nanoparticles, affording plasmon hybridization to maximize light scattering at the IV-OCT laser line (~1350 nm). A polymer coating fosters AuSC uniformity and provides a functionalizable handle, which we targeted to intravascular P-selectin, an early vascular endothelial marker of inflammation. In a rat model of intravascular inflammation, P-selectin-targeted AuSC facilitated IV-OCT molecular imaging, where the strength of the signal correlates with the severity of vascular inflammation. AuSC thus enable in vivo molecular imaging, advancing IV-OCT into the molecular age.
Catalytic Formal Carbyne Transformation of Phosphorus Ylides
Authors: Suzuki Ryuhei , Ando Taiga , Deufel Fritz , Ohmatsu Kohsuke , Ooi Takashi
Published: August 2023

The selective functionalization of unreactive C–H bonds over reactive polar functionalities paves the way for the efficient synthesis of complex molecular frameworks. Here, we report a consecutive C–H alkylation and Wittig-type reaction of phosphorus ylides, enabling the conversion of inert C–H and C=P bonds into C–C and C=C bonds, respectively. Under blue-light irradiation and with the aid of an appropriate photoredox catalyst, a mixture encompassing phosphorus ylides, electron-rich olefins, and unsaturated carbonyl compounds adeptly undergoes a previously elusive three-component cycloaddition. This transformation allows for the rapid construction of the synthetically versatile functionalized six-membered carbocycles from readily available substrates.
Anomalous reduction in black phosphorus phonon velocities driven by lattice anisotropy
Authors: Joshi Prakriti P. , Unruh Davis , Gage Thomas E. , Li Ruiyu , Liu Haihua , Liang Liangbo , Arslan Ilke , Chan Maria K. Y. , King Sarah B.
Published: August 2023

Phonon transport in solids determines how heat can be utilized or dissipated in materials. Conventional methods for investigating phonon transport use experimental techniques that spatially average over material morphology. However, as electronic devices continue to shrink, material boundaries have an increasing contribution to phonon dynamics. Here we use a novel ultrafast electron microscopy technique to directly interrogate the phonon dynamics of two-dimensional black phosphorus (BP) on the nanoscale. BP has intrinsic anisotropic phonon transport with distinct phonon velocities along the two principal crystal directions, zigzag (ZZ) and armchair (AC). We are able to directly observe the coherent acoustic phonon (CAP) group velocities in these two directions, confirming previous non-localized experiments. We also observe that the group velocities of CAPs are strongly influenced by the direction of propagation. In particular, edge-launched CAPs that propagate 31 degrees relative to the AC lattice direction have a group velocity that is significantly lower than those two directions and deviate from a mode-averaged phenomenological model that does not account for lattice anisotropy. Using Gaussian Approximation Potential calculations, we find that, because of the strong anisotropy of the BP lattice, the crossing of transverse acoustic (TA) and longitudinal acoustic (LA) phonon modes results in anomalously low LA group velocities in directions between the AC and ZZ directions. This suggests that BP is an ideal model platform to explore morphology and directional control of heat transport, particularly for miniaturized optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications.
Social and Internal Conflict in Stephenie Meyer’s Novel “Breaking Dawn”: Anthropology Study of Literature
Authors: Nur Askar , Yusuf Rahmat
Published: August 2023

This research is about the analysis of social class, including internal and social conflicts in the novel Breaking Dawn by Stephenie Meyer. The objectives of this research are to know the kinds of conflicts and its most dominant one in the novel. The method used in this research is qualitative method by using anthropology of literature, whereas the data resource is the novel Breaking Dawn by Stephenie Meyer which was published in 2007, also some books were used to analyze and support this research. In collecting the data, the writer used note taking as the instrument to get the data. In this research, the researchers found that there are two kinds of conflict existed, i.e. social conflict and internal conflict, and the most dominant one occurs in the first eleven chapters of novel is the internal conflict. AbstrakPenelitian ini membahas analisis kelas sosial termasuk konflik internal dan sosial dalam novel Breaking Dawn karya Stephenie Meyer. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis konflik dan jenis konflik yang paling dominan terdapat dalam novel Breaking Dawn karya Stephenie Meyer. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan antropologi sastra. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah novel Breaking Dawn karya Stephenie Meyer yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2007 serta beberapa buku yang digunakan untuk menganalisis dan mendukung penelitian ini. Dalam mengumpulkan data, penulis menggunakan note-taking sebagai instrumen untuk mendapatkan data. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menemukan bahwa ada dua jenis konflik yang ada dalam novel tersebut, yaitu konflik sosial dan konflik internal, sedangkan jenis konflik yang paling dominan terjadi pada sebelas bab pertama novel ini adalah konflik internal.
IKBKB reduces huntingtin aggregation by phosphorylating serine 13 via a non-canonical IKK pathway
Authors: Cariulo Cristina , Martufi Paola , Verani Margherita , Toledo-Sherman Leticia , Lee Ramee , Dominguez Celia , Petricca Lara , Caricasole Andrea
Published: August 2023

N-terminal phosphorylation at residues T3 and S13 is believed to have important beneficial implications for the biological and pathological properties of mutant huntingtin, where inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase subunit beta (IKBKB) was identified as a candidate regulator of huntingtin N-terminal phosphorylation. The paucity of mechanistic information on IKK pathways, together with the lack of sensitive methods to quantify endogenous huntingtin phosphorylation, prevented detailed study of the role of IKBKB in Huntington’s disease. Using novel ultrasensitive assays, we demonstrate that IKBKB can regulate endogenous S13 huntingtin phosphorylation in a manner, dependent on its kinase activity and known regulators. We found that the ability of IKBKB to phosphorylate endogenous huntingtin S13 is mediated through a non-canonical interferon regulatory factor3–mediated IKK pathway, distinct from the established involvement of IKBKB in mutant huntingtin’s pathological mechanisms mediated via the canonical pathway. Furthermore, increased huntingtin S13 phosphorylation by IKBKB resulted in decreased aggregation of mutant huntingtin in cells, again dependent on its kinase activity. These findings point to a non-canonical IKK pathway linking S13 huntingtin phosphorylation to the pathological properties of mutant huntingtin aggregation, thought to be significant to Huntington’s disease.
Pneumonia Detection on X-Ray Imaging using Softmax Output in Multilevel Meta Ensemble Algorithm of Deep Convolutional Neural Network Transfer Learning Models
Authors: Prasetyo Simeon Yuda , Nabiilah Ghinaa Zain , Izdihar Zahra Nabila , Isa Sani Muhamad
Published: August 2023

Pneumonia is the leading cause of death from a single infection worldwide in children. A proven clinical method for diagnosing pneumonia is through a chest X-ray. However, the resulting X-ray images often need clarification, resulting in subjective judgments. In addition, the process of diagnosis requires a longer time. One technique can be applied by applying advanced deep learning, namely, Transfer Learning with Deep Convolutional Neural Network (Deep CNN) and modified Multilevel Meta Ensemble Learning using Softmax. The purpose of this research was to improve the accuracy of the pneumonia classification model. This study proposes a classification model with a meta-ensemble approach using five classification algorithms: Xception, Resnet 15V2, InceptionV3, VGG16, and VGG19. The ensemble stage used two different concepts, where the first level ensemble combined the output of the Xception, ResNet15V2, and InceptionV3 algorithms. Then the output from the first ensemble level is reused for the following learning process, combined with the output from other algorithms, namely VGG16 and VGG19. This process is called ensemble level two. The classification algorithm used at this stage is the same as the previous stage, using KNN as a classification model. Based on experiments, the model proposed in this study has better accuracy than the others, with a test accuracy value of 98.272%. The benefit of this research could help doctors as a recommendation tool to make more accurate and timely diagnoses, thus speeding up the treatment process and reducing the risk of complications.
A EVOLUÇÃO DO PODER JUDICIÁRIO: DE PODER NULO A LEGISLADOR POSITIVO SUPREMO
Authors: Veloso Maria Claudia Almendra Freitas , Campelo Oliva Brandão Melo
Published: August 2023

O poder judiciário e a forma de interpretar o direito mudou radicalmente desde o séc. XVIII. De um poder nulo em Montesquieu, até um judiciário forte como o adotado na Constituição brasileira de 1988, podendo anular atos dos outros poderes e criar normas com efeito erga omnes. Constatou-se que a objetividade da lei e as limitações nas atuações dos juízes foram suplantadas nos modelos americanos de revisão judicial, é isso gerou um risco ao exercício harmonioso na tradicional divisão de poderes.
A DUPLA CONTINGÊNCIA, A INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL E A ORGANIZAÇÃO DO PODER JUDICIÁRIO
Authors: MARTINS MICHELLE FERNANDA , Ribeiro Diógenes Vicente Hassan
Published: August 2023

Este artigo científico busca analisar se ocorre a dupla contingência dos projetos de inteligência artificial que envolvem decisões dentro da organização do Poder Judiciário. Através do método dedutivo e uma pesquisa exploratória, foram analisados os conceitos de dupla contingência e de organizações. Foi explorado também, de forma breve, qual o conceito de inteligência artificial e quais as suas aplicações. Por fim, foram analisados quais os projetos de inteligência artificial que envolvem decisões nos tribunais brasileiros, e como se manifestaria a dupla contingência destes. A metodologia adotada foi a revisão bibliográfica, através de legislações, artigos científicos, doutrina e revistas especializadas. Também foi realizada uma pesquisa sobre os projetos de inteligência artificial dos tribunais brasileiros no Painel Analítico do CNJ por meio das palavras-chave “decisão”, “decisões”, “sentença”, “minutas”, sem qualquer recorte espacial e/ou temporal. Ao final, se concluiu que a dupla contingência dos projetos de inteligência artificial que envolvem decisões nos tribunais brasileiros não ocorre por meio do algoritmo, tampouco do usuário, mas por meio da observação de outros observadores.
PENYISIHAN COD PADA LIMBAH CAIR RUMAH POTONG HEWAN MARTAPURA DENGAN SISTEM LAHAN BASAH BUATAN ALIRAN HORIZONTAL BAWAH PERMUKAAN MENGGUNAKAN TANAMAN CYPERUS ALTERNIFOLIUS DAN CANNA INDICA
Authors: Wulandari Desty Triana , Prihatini Nopi Stiyati , Nilawati Rd. Indah Nirtha
Published: August 2023

Limbah cair Rumah Potong Hewan (RPH) memiliki kandungan bahan organik, padatan tersuspensi, serta bahan koloid seperti lemak, protein, darah dan selulosa dengan konsentrasi tinggi sehingga termasuk ke dalam kategori limbah cair kompleks yang apabila pengolahan limbah cair kurang sempurna dapat berpotensi sebagai pencemar lingkungan serta terganggunya kesehatan bagi masyarakat. RPH Martapura menggunakan bak-bak sedimentasi dalam pengolahan air limbah dengan rata-rata konsentrasi COD sebesar 2.470,86 mg/L. Hasil tersebut belum memenuhi baku mutu air limbah bagi usaha dan/atau kegiatan RPH menurut Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No. 5 Tahun 2014 sehingga diperlukan pengolahan menggunakan teknologi tepat guna yang operasionalnya mudah, desain sederhana dan fleksibel, biaya operasi serta perawatan yang murah yaitu dengan sistem Lahan Basah Buatan Aliran Horizontal Bawah Permukaan yang memanfaatkan proses secara alami menggabungkan kinerja antara tanaman, media dan mikroorganisme dalam mengolah kontaminan air limbah RPH. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efisiensi sistem LBB-AHBP dengan tanaman Cyperus alternifolius dan Canna indica dalam menyisihkan COD pada air limbah RPH Martapura. Penelitian dilakukan dalam skala laboratorium menggunakan 5 buah reaktor berdimensi 90cm x 30cm x 45cm dengan aliran kontinyu selama 21 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata efisiensi penyisihan COD dengan tanaman Cyperus alternifolius sebesar 92,47% serta dengan tanaman Canna indica sebesar 85,27%.
PENGARUH TEGANGAN DAN WAKTU PADA PENGOLAHAN LINDI METODE ELEKTROKOAGULASI-ADSORPSI ZEOLIT
Authors: Putri Rosa Amalia , Purnama Herry
Published: August 2023

Air lindi dapat menjadi pencemar lingkungan jika dibuang begitu saja tanpa adanya pengolahan. Hal ini karena lindi mengandung zat-zat kimia beracun, senyawa organik serta konstituen lainnya yang terlarut dan tersuspensi di dalam tanah. Sifat utama lindi adalah BOD, COD, rasio BOD/COD, padatan tersuspensi, pH, amonia-nitrogen, dan logam berat. Kandungan COD, TSS, dan pH pada air lindi harus memenuhi syarat baku mutu yang telah ditetapkan agar aman ketika dibuang ke lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tegangan dan waktu terhadap nilai COD, TSS, dan pH pada air lindi menggunakan metode elektrokoagulasi-adsorpsi zeolit. Penelitian akan dikembangkan dengan variasi tegangan (10, 20, dan 30 volt) dan waktu proses ( 30, 60 , dan 90 menit). Setelah proses elektrokoagulasi, dilanjutkan adsorpsi menggunakan adsorben zeolit dengan massa 30 gram dan waktu adsorpsi 2 jam. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa kondisi yang optimum diperoleh pada variasi tegangan 30 volt dan waktu proses 90 menit dengan efisiensi penurunan COD sebesar 98.6%, efisiensi penurunan TSS sebesar 99.86%, dan perolehan pH sebesar 9,4.
PENGARUH TATA GUNA LAHAN DAN DAYA RESAP TANAH TERHADAP KUALITAS DAN KUANTITAS PENGOMPOSAN LUBANG RESAPAN BIOPORI (LRB)
Authors: Ruslinda Yenni , Andikmon Anugrah , Lestari Resti Ayu , Gunawan Hendra
Published: August 2023

Pengomposan Lubang Resapan Biopori (LRB) merupakan salah satu teknologi pengolahan sampah organik yang dilakukan di dalam tanah pada area terbuka, sehingga dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh tata guna lahan dan daya resap tanah terhadap kualitas dan kuantitas pengomposan LRB. Penelitian dilakukan pada empat variasi tata guna lahan yaitu kebun/pekarangan, jalan tanah, pemukiman padat dan agak padat  serta jalan aspal dengan daya resap tanah masing-masing variasi adalah 83%, 40%, 28% dan 13%. Komposisi bahan baku terdiri dari 50% sampah makanan dan 50% sampah halaman yang telah dicacah berukuran 0,3- 1,5 cm. Analisis dilakukan terhadap kematangan kompos dengan pengamatan di lapangan, kualitas kompos dengan analisis di laboratorium dan kuantitas kompos dengan menimbang berat kompos padat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan untuk semua variasi tata guna lahan, analisis kematangan dan kualitas kompos dari unsur fisik dan unsur makro sudah memenuhi standar kualitas kompos sesuai SNI 19-7030-2004. Lama pengomposan berkisar 47-58 hari dengan kuantitas kompos padat yang dihasilkan 60-72,14% dari berat bahan baku kompos. Pengomposan LRB lebih optimal dilakukan pada tata guna lahan kebun/pekarangan yang memiliki daya resap tanah yang tinggi sehingga dapat meresapkan air hujan lebih cepat air ke dalam tanah dan mempercepat proses kematangan kompos.
PEMANFAATAN KITOSAN DAN KARBON AKTIF DARI AMPAS TEH DALAM MENURUNKAN LOGAM KADMIUM DAN ARSEN PADA LIMBAH INDUSTRI PT X
Authors: Nurhidayanti Nisa , Suwazan Dhonny , Fahmi Angga Bahrul , Riyadi Agus
Published: August 2023

Industri tekstil sebagai salah satu komoditas unggulan industri di Indonesia, yang dalam proses produksinya menggunakan bahan pewarna berupa dyes berpotensi menyebarkan logam berat yang terkandung dalam limbahnya apabila limbah cair hasil produksi industri tekstil tidak diolah dengan baik. Salah satu metode penghilangan logam berat pada limbah yaitu menggunakan metode adsorpsi menggunakan biosorben. Pada penelitian ini telah berhasil disintesis adsorben hasil kombinasi kitosan dan karbon aktif dari ampas teh. Hasil karakterisasi diperoleh kadar karbon terikat sebesar 78,09%. Tahap awal dilakukan pengujian kandungan logam berat pada PT X dan diperoleh kandungan awal logam kadmium (Cd) sebesar 1,15 mg/L dan logam arsen (As) sebesar 5,74 mg/L. Biosorben kombinasi kitosan dan karbon aktif dari ampas teh diaplikasikan sebagai adsorben dalam penghilangan logam berat kadmium (Cd) dan arsen (As) pada limbah industri tekstil PT X dengan variasi massa adsorben. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan penambahan karbon aktif sebesar 1,4 gr menghasilkan persen efektivitas tertinggi dalam penghilangan logam berat kadmium (Cd) sebesar 92,50% dan arsen (As) sebesar 85,32%.
Influence of wheat and amaranth grain mixture ratio on chemical and physicochemical parameters of wheat-amaranth flour
Authors: Kandrokov R. Kh. , Kiryushin V. A. , Prudnikova A. S.
Published: August 2023

A new source of vegetable raw materials for the food industry has appeared on the Russian market - amaranth grain and products of its processing, which have a valuable chemical composition, high nutritional and biological value, containing a wide range of physiologically functional nutrients. The studies on the effect of different ratios of the grinding mixture of wheat and amaranth grains on the chemical and physico-chemical properties of wheat-amaranth flour as a result of their joint processing are presented. The object of the study was the grain of winter wheat of the variety Nemchinovskaya 85 and the grain of amaranth of the variety Voronezhsky. Processing of the control sample of common wheat and milling wheat-amaranth mixtures of various ratios was carried out in the laboratory grinding mills (LGM-4) with threaded (for break systems) and smooth microroughened rollers (for grinding systems). It has been found that in the control sample of wheat flour, the weighted average content of fat and protein was 1.12% and 11.57%, respectively, with the addition of 5% amaranth to the grinding wheat-amaranth grain mixture, the weighted average fat content in wheat-amaranth flour was 2.47 %, and the protein content - 12.55%, with the addition of 10% amaranth to the grinding wheat-amaranth grain mixture, the weighted average fat content of wheat-amaranth flour was 3.13%, and the protein content - 12.66%, with the addition of 15% amaranth in the milled wheat-amaranth grain mixture, the weighted average fat content in wheat-amaranth flour was 3.88%, and the protein content was 13.34%, with the addition of 20% amaranth to the milled wheat-amaranth grain mixture, the weighted average fat content in wheat-amaranth flour was 4.29%, and the protein content was 13.78%, respectively. It has been found that the addition of amaranth grain to the milled wheat-amaranth mixture up to 20% of amaranth grain significantly increases the yield of wheat-amaranth flour. It has been established that the addition of amaranth grain to the grinding grain mixture makes it possible to increase the fat content in wheat-amaranth flour by 282.1% and the protein content by 18.4% compared to the control wheat flour.
Global advances in genomic editing in pig breeding
Authors: Kolosova M. A. , Romanets E. A. , Kolosov A. Yu. , Getmantseva L. V.
Published: August 2023

An overview of the main world advances in editing the pig genome using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, in particular the modification of the genes (MSTN, IGF2, ZBED6, UCP1, LGALS12, APOE, vWF) to improve productivity and economic properties as well as the disease resistance genes (APN, CD163, SRCR5, RSAD2) in pigs is presented. It is of great interest to study the experience of using this innovative tool to produce pigs with specified traits. The development of molecular genetic research and the discovery of gene-phenotype relationships has provided the platform needed to modify specific genes to significantly shorten the reproductive cycles and improve the efficiency of pig breeding. The relatively recent CRISP/Cas9 system has already found use in many advanced fields of research, but its application is limited in the challenges of pig breeding, including the production of transgenic pigs. It is due to the fact that there are ethical and regulatory issues associated with genetically-edited products and the potential non-target effects of CRISPR/Cas9 that need to be investigated. Genomic editing technology is actively developing worldwide. Russia is implementing the 2019-2027 genetic technology development program. The main goal of the program is to comprehensively address the problems of accelerated development of genetic technologies, including genetic editing technologies. Obtaining results through genomic editing of farm animal lines with new, improved properties is one of the program’s target indicators. CRISPR/Cas9 can be used to improve pig performance characteristics such as resistance to disease, thermoregulation, improved meat yield and quality.
Improvement of the Red Steppe cattle by the Holstein breed gene pool
Authors: Bogatyreva I. A.-A. , Krasnova O. A. , Konik N. V. , Ulimbashev M. B.
Published: August 2023

The results of the comparative assessment of productivity, reproductive ability and profitability of milk production when using cows of the Red Steppe breed and the crossbreeds of different blood relationship by the Holstein breed of the Red-and-White color type are presented. The studies of economically useful traits and profitability were conducted in 2019-2022. The objects of the research were representatives of the Red Steppe breed (control), mixtures with 50% (1st experimental group) and 75% of the blood of the Holstein Red-and-White color type (2nd experimental group). The superiority of the crossbred heifers over their herd mates of the Red Steppe breed in terms of milk yield was established: for the 1st lactation it was 605-673 kg (p > 0.999), for the 2nd lactation it was 714-788 kg (p > 0.999), for the 3rd lactation it was 817-868 kg (p > 0.999). The highest coefficient of the milk yield was observed in Holstein F1 and F2 crossbreeds (9.4-9.7 kg), whose average advantage during all lactations ranged from 0.9-1.2 kg (p > 0.95-0.99). In all analyzed service-periods, the highest fertilization rate after the first insemination was demonstrated by the Red Steppe breed animals; as a result, their semen consumption was on average 0.2-0.5 doses lower than that of the Holstein crossbreeds of different blood relationship. Cows of the Red Steppe breed had the highest reproductive ability coefficient 0.98-1.01 units vs. 0.85-0.95 units for crossbred cows. The analysis of the feed efficiency shows lower costs per unit production by cows of the first and second generations, in which they were 0.95-0.98 EFU, which is lower than in the Red Steppe breed peers, by 1.11-1.12 EFU. Milk production by half-blooded crossbreeds was more profitable 30.8-32.9% with no significant differences between the Red Steppe and high-blooded Holstein individuals.
Numerical Computation of Spectral Solutions for Sturm-Liouville Eigenvalue Problems
Authors: Gana Sameh
Published: August 2023

This paper focuses on the study of Sturm-Liouville eigenvalue problems. In the classical Chebyshev collocation method, the Sturm-Liouville problem is discretized to a generalized eigenvalue problem where the functions represent interpolants in suitably rescaled Chebyshev points. We are concerned with the computation of high-order eigenvalues of Sturm-Liouville problems using an effective method of discretization based on the Chebfun software algorithms with domain truncation. We solve some numerical Sturm-Liouville eigenvalue problems and demonstrate the efficiency of computations.
Enabling Collaboration with Enterprise Architecture and Interoperability: Digivisio 2030 Programme in Finland
Authors: Hautakangas Sami , Nordlund Hanna
Published: August 2023

Digivisio 2030 is a joint programme of higher education institutions (HEI) in Finland with an objective of creating a national digital service platform. The platform will enable compatibility of digital services, provide guidance based on digital pedagogy and curricular data as well as learner’s data, and make the data available for individuals and society.

Interoperability and adhering to standards are important principles of the common enterprise architecture of Digivisio guiding the development of the digital service platform. Integrations should be consistently implemented to ensure the interoperability of information systems, improve data quality, expedite processes, and reduce manual labor . T echnology solutions must adhere to the selected standards, support interoperability, increase the ability to manage systems, enhance user satisfaction, promote information security and privacy, while also being justified from an overall economic perspective.

International standards cannot be taken "as is" to make the basis of the operational model concerning students and their study rights. National legislation in the field of higher education varies between countries, and this field is usually quite strictly regulated. Thus, interoperability support on the international level is a balancing act where there is a need to find a common denominator and enough flexibility to allow extensions for local or future needs.

The presentation suggests that a common integration architecture in Finland built with a mapping to selected international standards will enable national integrations with international systems such as the Europass platform. The same issues that need to be solved on the national level will have to be solved on the European level as well. The changes need to be implemented on multiple levels, including legislation, processes and operational models, as well as the technical and infrastructure levels.
The Campuscard App – A secure solution to the NFC problem
Authors: Molnar Tamas , Dreiner Dominik
Published: August 2023

The Campuscard Berlin is the largest unified student ID system in Europe with 140 000 student IDs at ten universities. The system has been developed in house by the Service Center Campuscard at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin with major innovations to the student ID process. As a continuation, we started to develop a Campuscard App as a next-generation solution, which should completely emulate the physical cards, so that the users only need to use their smartphones.

With the NFC-based infrastructure in Berlin in place and no way of modification, we needed to find a way to create an app, which can emulate NFC and securely communicate with the card-readers of the service providers. In addition, we had the requirement of data privacy, so that we were very much discouraged to use Google Wallet or NXP Mifare2Go if any other solution was possible.

This was accomplished by creating a ground-breaking solution, which to our knowledge has not been tried anywhere else, the cloud-based secure element.

This enables a host-card emulation with integrated security, without using the local secure-element of the device, which, because of the lack of standardization, would make testing of the app very problematic. Our solution solves this by moving this component to the server side, thereby standardizing it and making testing of the devices more manageable.

The development of our app was started in 2019, and we plan with full feature roll-out by mid-2023.
Virtual Campus as a Core Information Infrastructure of the European University
Authors: Orel Ognjen , Novosel Alen
Published: August 2023

Many European Universities emerged since the first call in 2019, up to now 44 of them. These alliances have some specific goals but also share basic ideas like boosting student, teacher and researcher mobility and cooperation or creating and implementing joint study programmes. To fulfil these shared goals and keep the related processes running smoothly in the alliance, a virtual campus is often envisioned as an information system that will bind the partner universities’ information and fill in the gaps where needed. However, building such a system presents a number of challenges on organisational, informational, and technical levels.

In this paper, the basic functionalities of virtual campuses are identified, and a set of specific principles for building such a distributed information system is stated. The architecture of such a system is presented using the example of a particular virtual campus, along with the lessons learned in creating it. The topic is complemented with information on the current state of the system and the future work on this virtual campus.
Using SaaS in a European University - Protect your privacy and enjoy!
Authors: Roussos Georgios , Charidimou Dimos , Agorogianni Angeliki
Published: August 2023

Using Software as a Service (SaaS) in a European university can provide many benefits, such as access to powerful tools and applications to enhance academic research and collaboration; however, it could always be a big challenge and a precarious situation. European law states that European universities are required to protect their privacy (personal & academic data, etc.), especially when using SaaS solutions. Choosing a SaaS provider isn't a simple process; it requires reviewing their privacy policies and much more (e.g., transparency about what data they collect, how they use it, and how long they retain it) to ensure compliance with General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). This paper sheds light on Aristotle university's case, which could help universities to adopt improved methods to prevent unauthorized access or give the necessary access only to their data and protect their privacy, especially when using identity and access management (IAM) or access control solutions. By taking the above steps, European universities can enjoy the many benefits of SaaS solutions without worrying about GDPR issues but contrariwise focusing on their academic goals.
A New Digital Era for European Universities: Implementing Large-scale AV Projects for the Next Generation Digital Hybrid Classrooms - A quick-start guide from 0 to 10: Challenges, Benefits, Pitfalls
Authors: Roussos Georgios , Charidimou Dimos , Petalotis Anastasios , Agorogianni Angeliki
Published: August 2023

Many universities had started designing and implementing digital transformation plans before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, including Audio-Visual (AV) infrastructure for teaching and learning. The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the need for European universities to adapt their teaching methods and embrace new digital tools. Implementing large-scale AV projects for the next generation of digital hybrid classrooms has emerged as a promising solution. Focusing on the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh) case, this paper examines the challenges, benefits, and things to avoid when implementing AV projects in European universities. The paper also presents a roadmap for universities to successfully implement AV projects from 0 to 10, considering the necessary steps, resources, and expertise required at each stage. The challenges of implementing AV projects in universities include the need for significant investment, the complexity of AV systems, technical expertise (e.g., experienced AV integrators), and the difficulty of adapting teaching methods to the new digital environment. However, the benefits of implementing AV projects are manifold, including enhanced student engagement and interactivity, improved learning outcomes, the ability to reach remote learners, and enhanced inclusiveness. To ensure the success of AV projects, universities must avoid common pitfalls such as underestimating the necessary resources and expertise, failing to involve faculty and students in the design process, and neglecting to provide adequate training and support for faculty and staff. In conclusion, implementing large-scale AV projects for the next generation of digital hybrid classrooms presents a unique opportunity for European universities to adopt modern teaching methods and better meet the needs of today's learners. With careful planning, investment, and collaboration among all stakeholders, universities can successfully implement AV projects and realize the benefits of a new digital era for higher education.
How a collaboration between 40+ government agencies drives development and efficiency in higher education in Sweden
Authors: Zingmark Malin , Ahnberg Anna
Published: August 2023

The transformation to agile governance and development has enabled the Ladok Consortium to be more flexible and able to respond to changes in business requirements faster. Ladok is a student information system for higher education in Sweden with a common database, which provides students with easily accessible documentation from all Swedish universities in one place. During the last years, the organization has focused on continuous delivery, short feedback loops, innovation and agile governance.
A Distributed Infrastructure for Secure Diplomas: Proof of Concept and First Experiences
Authors: Knoth Alexander , Soldo Erwin , Clancy Kathleen , Lucke Ulrike
Published: August 2023

Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are being confronted with a growing number of student applications. This is associated with the verification of documents, which in the case of university entrance qualifications is becoming increasingly complex and error- prone in view of the diversifying education system. Various solutions to this problem have already been proposed, but due to technical, organisational, legal, or financial problems, they have not yet found widespread use. Against this background, this article presents an approach that integrates existing methods and services for digital signatures into a national infrastructure for education and connects them to existing information systems in schools to issue digital diplomas and verify them in HEI application processes. The article describes a technical solution and experiences from a proof-of-concept. First recommendations are given, and an outlook illustrates how the upcoming broad field test will be conducted.
The need for sectoral ownership to steer developments of the European Digital Identity Wallet for the benefit of education
Authors: Leijnse Peter , Scheers Menno
Published: August 2023

The European Commission and the educational sector are simultaneously working on innovative concepts that involve credentials and wallets. The EU has high ambitions to create a digital identity ecosystem, while educational institutions are exploring ways to use credentials to support flexible and life-long learning. Both initiatives share similar terminology, technology and standards. Also, common use cases can be defined, but that does not make the initiatives identical from a business and governance perspective. When comparing the use cases and roles the educational sector has with the proposed EU digital identity framework (EUDI), this becomes clear. Diplomas are not issued by an identity framework. The educational sector should take ownership of credentials that are part of its core process. At the same time, interoperability with the EUDI ecosystem must be kept. The sector should explore additional ways to influence the EUDI development in architecture, standards and governance.
Automatic and Interactive Validation of Study Regulations in Accreditation Processes of Higher Education Institutions
Authors: von der Heyde Markus , Otunuya Chukwunwike , Goebel Matthias , Zoerner Dietmar , Lucke Ulrike
Published: August 2023

As digital workflows evolve around the curriculum life cycle in higher education institutions, advanced digital tools are needed to automate the processing of study regulations. In particular, the use of formal logic is beneficial for any type of validation in the accreditation process. Three key challenges are addressed in this paper: how to model study regulations, how to validate rules contained in modelled programmes, and how to package the contained logic of study rules in flexible communication between different AI services. This report on a case study demonstrates a solution that enables a continuous workflow from editing the rules to automated validation scenarios that support the administrative staff. The use of symbolic logic in conjunction with formal specification languages offers various forms of use cases within the curriculum life cycle.
AREAS OF ACTIVITY ON THE PREVENTION OF ILLEGAL MIGRATION IN RUSSIA
Authors: KLIMOVA Olesya , Abdryakhimova Ella
Published: August 2023

Main topic of this article is an issue of the illegal migration in Russia, as well as some legal methods of its prevention. The authors analyzed the literature sources related to the topic of the study, the re-sults of which outlined a number of topical aspects that determine the need for legal regulation of the status of migrants in Russia. At the same time, the issue of the emergence and development of measures to counteract illegal migration has been studied, and the main directions chosen by states in the implementation of migration policy have been described. The article also presents different points of view of government officials and scientists, demonstrating the commonality of their views on migration as a global problem in the context of the country's state security and the development of interethnic relations. Special attention in the study is paid to preventive measures to influence migra-tion processes, including measures to block and eliminate Internet resources that provide illegal ser-vices to foreign citizens in the field of migration
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS OF THE CONCEPT AND OBJECTIVES OF CRIMINAL LIABILITY OF MINORS
Authors: Golubovskiy Vladimir
Published: August 2023

The main direction of the state is that the state is not able to abandon the measures of state coercion against minors, but, nevertheless, takes into account the characteristics of this age category. Investi-gating the criminal liability of minors, most often it is considered as a legal relationship between sub-jects of law, regulated by the norms of criminal law. The process of realization of this kind of respon-sibility takes place within the framework of legal relations between subjects. In this variant, responsi-bility cannot be identical with legal relations in its content, since one of the subjects, in this case a minor, is forced to undergo restrictions for an action that he committed in the past.

The determining factor is that responsibility is dominated by the concept of the fact itself or the ac-tual action aimed at the implementation of the suffering of these deprivations, which are contained in the criminal law, that is, they are not limited only to the obligation to suffer such facts. Thus, we can talk about criminal liability as the responsibility of a minor from the moment the court decision enters into legal force, namely, from the moment the verdict comes into force.
Automation of Bricket Charcoal Press Machine to Increase Production Capacity in Kampoeng Oase Ondomohen Surabaya
Authors: Annisa Aulia , Amiroh Khodijah , Zunaidi Rizqa Amelia , Rizkyta Annisa , Al Faiz Muhammad Ardiansyah
Published: August 2023

Kampoeng Oase, is one of the educational village tourist destinations located on Jalan Ondomohen Magersari V, Ketabang Village, Genteng District, Surabaya City. It is named the educational village because this village has succeeded in processing waste into something that has a high selling value. But behind the success in processing the waste, there are some problems in Kampoeng Oase, especially in producing charcoal briquettes. Problems related to the aspect of increasing production capacity have been carried out by automated tools for making charcoal briquettes using the latest technology. By using an automatic press machine, Kampoeng Oase can now produce charcoal briquettes with a minimal amount of labor and a shorter processing time compared to the manual production process. By utilizing waste in charcoal briquettes, it can solve problems related to waste management and protect the environment and help encourage a circular economy to improve welfare, especially for the people of Kampoeng Oase Ondomohen Surabaya.
THE EFFECT OF FOREIGN DEBT, FOREIGN INVESTMENT AND STATE REVENUES ON POVERTY IN INDONESIA
Authors: Ichsan Ichsan , Kurniawan Edo
Published: August 2023

This study aims to analyze the effect of Foreign Debt (FD), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and State Revenue (SR) on the number of poor people in Indonesia. The data used in this study is time series data for 1990-2021 obtained from the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics and the World Bank. The data were then analyzed using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The results of this study indicate that, in the short term, the previous 1 year had a negative and significant effect on the number of poor people in Indonesia, while the previous 3 years had a positive and significant effect on the number of poor people. In the long term, foreign debt has a positive and significant effect on the number of poor people in Indonesia. FDI in the previous 0 and 3 year lag had a negative and significant effect on the number of poor people in Indonesia, while 1 year before and 3 years earlier FDI had a positive and significant effect on the number of poor people. In the long term, FDI has a negative and insignificant effect on the number of poor people. SR at lag 0 has a negative and significant effect on the number of poor people in Indonesia, whereas in the previous 3 years SR had a positive and significant effect on the number of poor people. In the long term SR has a negative and significant effect on the number of poor people in Indonesia. Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that the government should carefully calculate the amount of foreign debt needed and pay attention to the distribution of allocations for the use of foreign debt, especially in the poverty alleviation sector. In addition, the government is expected to create a conducive investment climate and increase state revenues, especially through taxes.