bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intersubjectivity in Maria Stepanova's poetic cycle «Spolia»
Authors:   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after К. D. Ushinsky, Bokarev Alexei S. , Tkachuk Yulia V. ,   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after К. D. Ushinsky
Published: June 2021

The article considers M. Stepanova's cycle of poems «Spolia» (2015) from the point of view of the relationship between the author and the hero, whose outlooks are clearly getting closer at the non-classical stage of poetics development. The authors analyse the artistic strategy where «I», being the subject of the utterence, delegates the right to speak and/or the right to make judgements to the «other», «connecting» to the «other» for the sake of self-expression. Spolia is based on the complex of meanings connected with the author's consciousness, directed towards the author, but not autonomous in relation to the subject: replication (usually not marked graphically) and «alien» intention (understood as value expression directed at the protagonist) are the most popular forms of speech production in the cycle. The author's powers are thus limited to recording judgements addressed to the heroine and critically interpreting Stepanova's texts (the poet's works must be read as meta-lyrics), and to organizing the space for dialogue. The «voices» of both classical and modern artists (from A. Griboyedov and P. Tchaikovsky to Ven. Yerofeyev and G. Dashevsky) are included in the subjective sphere of «Spolia» as inseparable but not merging with the author's voice. When the purpose of the intertext comes down to expanding the boundaries of the personality, which is no longer understood as a «center», but as a «radius» of the artistic world, it is natural to disregard the individual biography of the writer. The poet's «passport» name, according to Stepanova, is a «synonym» for the epicenter of pain: unity with the world is only bought at the cost of suffering, which opens up to the author the possibility of «no-self-speaking», rare in poetry
Peculiarities of using lexical means in the work of V. V. Rozanov's «The Fallen Leaves»
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod academy of the RF ministry of internal affairs, Beglova Elena I.
Published: June 2021

The subject of the study is the lexical means used in the «Fallen Leaves» (1913, 1915) – the work by V. Rozanov, a publicist and a writer of the XIX – first third of the XX centuries – which represents a new author's genre – a leaf. Particular attention is paid to identifying the methods of using the vocabulary in this work in terms of expressing the author's thought in an aphoristic form, when the word plays a crucial role not only in generating the author's individual meaning, but also in expressing emotions and opinions.The author of the article identifies and demonstrates the most significant methods of using lexical means: subjective emotional and rational definition of concepts; interpretation of the meaning of words through contextual «increment» that creates the author's inferences; filling a word with contextual meaning by using associative images; the use of various lexical means, as well as tropes, stylistic figures to create connotative meaning and expression of the text; the method of creating a semantic opposition based on the antithesis; the use of metaphors, antitheses, gradations as textforming factors. The most significant methods of using lexical means are identified and demonstrated: subjective emotional and rational definition of concepts; interpretation of the meaning of words through contextual «increment» that creates the author's inferences; filling a word with contextual meaning using associative images; the use of various lexical means, as well as tropes, stylistic devices to create connotative meaning and expression of the text; the method of creating a semantic opposition based on the antithesis; the use of metaphors, antitheses, gradations as text-forming factors. It is stated and confirmed that the text-forming role is played by special means of creating imagery: metaphor (expanded metaphor), personification, antithesis and pun. Repetition and comparison are relevant in the «leaf» genre as the means of creating connotative meanings and enhancing expression. The author of the article considers special writer’s techniques which include semantic opposition and inferences formed both deductively and inductively and often serve as the main factors of text formation. These features, reflecting the characteristics of vocabulary, are both the methods of generating meaning, expression, evaluation and the signs of the «leaf» genre. The author concludes that the technique of using different lexical means is one of the main features of the writer's idiostyle.
The influence of affixes on the phonosemantic gradable picture of derivative words in V. Mayakovsky's poetic texts
Authors:   Moscow pedagogical state university, Kolesnikova Svetlana M. , Burskaya Elena A. ,   Plekhanov russian university of economics
Published: June 2021

In a poetic text, derivative words play an important role in solving artistic problems and creating images. The wordformation method is a set of affixes linked by paradigmatic relations that differ in productivity, distribution and additional meanings. V. Mayakovsky's texts are characterised by the productive use of neologisms, which creates their specificity and uniqueness and contributes to the realisation of certain qualitative and characterising meanings. Derivatives and word-formation devices become the means of actualising different gradable meanings: these formations are characterised by the expression of the gradable semantics of derivatives (increase/intensification,, higher/extreme degree of manifestation of a feature, process, phenomenon), contained in the gradoseme (the seme of measure and degree) of the language units under study. Affixal neologisms implement and specify quality attributes of the meanings expressed. The speaker's subjective perception of the real world is conveyed. Mayakovsky's poetic texts give the material to examine the affixal formation of nouns and adjectives in terms of its influence on the richness of speech. The research focuses on the words that allow the narrator to solve artistic and aesthetic problems and to became the basic means of creating the image. The particular expressiveness of these formations is explained by the contrast between the style and the special semantics of gradual prefixes. The objective phonosemantic picture of the words/word pairs in question reflects different relationships between sound and meaning, ranging from complete conformity to contradiction between them. The contradictions between sound and meaning in affixal structures usually lead to ironic use of derived lexemes in context. These structures perform different semantic and contextual functions.
Parentheses in A. Belyi's poetry and prose
Authors:   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after К. D. Ushinsky, Kulakovsky Mikhail N.
Published: June 2021

The article examines peculiarities of the use of parentheses in A. Belyi's lyrics and prose. The author describes the main aspects of analysing parentheses in modern linguistics: description of their functional features, their link with the main body of the statement, parentheses as text forming means, time and space organization of the text, realization of the author's irony, means of conveying evaluative information, ways of comparing, metatextual comment, informative actualization, means of creating a dialogue in a fiction text, usage parentheses in particular genres. This study identifies the most characteristic functions of parentheses in A. Belyi's texts, the connection of parentheses with different textual levels and their role in the overall structure of the literary text. Both the most typical and unique functions of parentheses in A. Belyi's works are described in detail. The main functional features of parentheses are defined in terms of space and time organization of the text and the interaction of various informative and subjective speech plans of the text. The article outlines the main aspects of language game within the framework of parentheses, as well as the means of interaction between the parentheses and the main context, presented in the poetry and prose of A. Belyi. The analysis suggests that the most typical functions of the parentheses in A. Belyi's works are detailed portrayal of the character, switching space and time registers, making comparisons, clarification, and conveying emotional and evaluative information.
Relationship between Exposure to Cigarette Smoke in Houses and The Incidence of Hypertension in Housewives
Authors: Indrawati Anugrah Lintang , Martini Santi
Published: June 2021

Background: Hypertension is still a major health problem in the world. One of the factors causing hypertension is exposure to cigarette smoke. Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between cigarette smoke exposure and the incidence of hypertension in housewives in houses in Dampit village. Methods: This research adopted an analytical observational approach. This was a cross-sectional design study. The population for this study was all housewives in Dampit village in March 2020. A total number of 115 housewives was selected using the cluster proportional random sampling technique. The dependent variable was the incidence of hypertension; the independent variables were the duration of cigarette smoke exposure in houses, the number of instances contact was made by being in close proximity to smokers, and the contact duration with smokers. Data collection was done by interviewing respondents using a questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out using frequency tables and Epi Info. Results: The study indicated that there was a relationship between the duration of cigarette smoke exposure (over 33 years) in houses with the incidence of hypertension in housewives (p=0.01; OR=3.52; 95%CI=1.53–8.05). Similarly, there was a relationship established between the number of occasions contact was made by being in close proximity to smokers every day (over three times every day) (p=0.01; OR=36; 95%CI=7.64–168.76) and the contact duration with smokers (p=0.01; OR=8.09; 95%CI=3.13–20.87) with the incidence of hypertension in housewives. Conclusion: There was a link between the duration of cigarette smoke exposure in houses, the number of instances of being in close proximity to smokers every day, and the contact duration with smokers with the incidence of hypertension in housewives in Dampit village.
FAKTOR APA YANG MEMENGARUHI KINERJA USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH SELAMA COVID-19?
Authors: Sugiarti Nur , Fauzi R. Moh. Qudsi
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini menguji pengaruh kewirausahaan Islam, entrepreneurial orientation, dan market orientation terhadap kinerja Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM). Penelitian ini dilakukan pada UMKM yang tergabung dalam One Kecamatan One Center of Entrepreneurship Indonesia (OK Oce Indonesia). Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 142 responden. Penelitian ini berdasarkan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui kuesioner yang diberikan kepada pemilik sekaligus pengelola UMKM. Data dianalisis menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dari software AMOS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif signifikan antara kewirausahaan Islam, orientasi kewirausahaan dan orientasi pasar terhadap kinerja UMKM. Temuan penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa kewirausahaan Islam merupakan faktor penting di antara faktor-faktor lain yang memengaruhi kinerja UMKM. Selain itu, temuan ini berkontribusi pada literatur kinerja UMKM yang dapat membantu pemilik sekaligus pengelola UMKM untuk meningkatkan kinerja bisnisnya.Kata Kunci: kewirausahaan Islam, orientasi wirausaha, orientasi pasar, kinerja. ABSTRACTThis study examines the effect of Islamic entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial orientation and market orientation on performance of micro, small, medium enterprises (MSMEs). This study is conducted on MSMEs  that are participate in One Kecamatan One Center of Entrepreneurship Indonesia (OK Oce Indonesia). Total sample  in this study is 142 respondents. The study based on quantitative approach through a questionnaire administered on the owner-managers of MSMEs. Data are analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) of the AMOS software. The result showed that there is a significant positive relationship between Islamic entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial orientation and market orientation on MSMEs performance. The findings of this study confirm that Islamic entrepreneuship is an important factor among other factors that have influenced over MSMEs performance. Moreover, this findings contribute to MSMEs performance literature that can help MSMEs owner-managers to improve their business performance. Keywords: Islamic entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation, performance.
Impacto de los taninos enológicos sobre la actividad lacasa
Authors: Vignault Adeline , Pascual Olga , Gombau Jordi , Jourdes Michael , Moine Virginie , Fermaud Marc , Roudet Jean , Canals Joan Miquel , Teissedre Pierre-Louis , Zamora Fernando
Published: June 2021

Los taninos enológicos se utilizan habitualmente en la elaboración del vino por diversos motivos (Versari et al., 2013; Vignault et al., 2018), entre los que destacan su acción inhibitoria de la actividad lacasa en las vendimias afectadas por la podredumbre gris y la protección del color del vino frente al pardeamiento. No obstante, hasta hace muy poco este efecto anti-lacasa era tan solo empírico sin que existieran pruebas científicas de ello. Por esta razón, la OIV creo un grupo de trabajo específico para estudiar las verdaderas aplicaciones de los taninos enológicos. Fruto de sus investigaciones son los resultados que se presentan a continuación que demuestran la efectividad de los taninos enológicos para inhibir la actividad lacasa y proteger de este modo el color del vino (Vignault et al., 2019; Vignault et al., 2020).
Prediction of atmospheric corrosion from meteorological parameters: Case of the atmospheric basin of the Costa Rican Western Central Valley
Authors: Rodríguez-Yáñez Javier E. , Rivera-Fernández Erick , Alvarado-González Daniel , Abdalah-Hernández Mariela , Quirós-Quirós Rafael
Published: June 2021

The assessment of atmospheric corrosion is currently based on the study of atmospheric basins (AB). Modeling atmospheric corrosion in many cases involves the measurement of several meteorological and atmospheric pollution parameters, specifically temperature, relative humidity, chloride, and sulfur dioxide, making the estimation process more complex. However, for the Western Central Valley (WCV) in Costa Rica, a low-pollution AB, it is possible to develop simplified atmospheric corrosion models based on a small number of atmospheric parameters. In this paper, the meteorological variables of the study region were analyzed in terms of their dependency on altitude and their applicability in the development of a simplified model to predict the corrosion rate (Vcorr). The output of the predictive model was compared with the standard model of ISO 9223:2012, showing a higher skill and giving reliable results for a wide interval of altitudes.
ОЦЕНКА ФАКТОРОВ, ВЛИЯЮЩИХ НА НЕБЛАГОПРИЯТНЫЕ ИСХОДЫ У БОЛЬНЫХ ПНЕВМОНИЯМИ В ПЕРИОД РАЗГАРА ПАНДЕМИИ COVID-19
Authors: Попова Анна , Ежлова Елена , Демина Юлия , Троценко Ольга , Бондаренко Альбина , Зайцева Татьяна , Курганова Ольга , Пшеничная Наталья , Базыкина Елена , Каравянская Татьяна , Натыкан Юлия
Published: June 2021

Цель – выявление дополнительных факторов, способствующих прогрессированию COVID-19 и развитию летального исхода у больных в госпитальных условиях. Материалы и методы. Выполнен анализ 98 историй болезни умерших пациентов, проходивших стационарное лечение с диагнозом COVID-19 ассоциированной пневмонии в двух стационарах Амурской области и Хабаровского края. Сформированы 2 группы: в первую вошли истории болезни пациентов, госпитализированных в тяжелом состоянии (n=52), во вторую – в состоянии средней тяжести (n=46). Проанализированы длительность заболевания до госпитализации, сроки прогрессирования заболевания от момента поступления в стационар, продолжительность стационарного лечения до наступления летального исхода, а также видовой состав бактериальных патогенов, выделенных из ткани легкого в аутопсийном материале умерших больных. Статистическая обработка полученных результатов проведена с использованием программы StatSoft Statistica 12.0. Результаты исследования. Большая часть пациентов 1 и 2 групп наблюдения (66,7±6,80% и 69,6±6,78%) была госпитализирована на четвертые сутки и позднее от момента появления клинических признаков COVID-19. Две трети пациентов, поступавших в стационар в тяжелом состоянии, переходили в категорию крайне тяжелых на 1-3 сутки, у большинства (65,2±7,02%) пациентов второй группы переход болезни из среднетяжелой формы в тяжелую происходил на 4-14 сутки госпитализации. Анализ результатов бактериологического исследования аутопсийного материала от умерших больных выявил более частое отсутствие роста бактериальной флоры в образцах первой группы по сравнению со второй, как в Амурской области (в 44,4±9,74% и 29,4±11,39%), так и в Хабаровском крае (в 40,0±10,0% и 27,6±8,45% случаев). В структуре патогенов наиболее частыми возбудителями были Klebsiella pneumoniae и грибы рода Candida, удельный вес которых составил в среднем 57,7±5,86% и 18,3±4,59% соответственно. Значительная часть патогенов (81,7±4,59%) была обнаружена в секционном материале больных, находившихся на госпитализации 4 и более суток. С увеличением продолжительности нахождения в стационарах в этиологию пневмоний, ассоциированных с COVID-19 и завершившихся смертельным исходом, возрастал вклад Klebsiella pneumoniae и грибов рода Candida. При длительности госпитализации 4 и более суток в секционном материале отмечены находки высоко патогенного возбудителя с природной лекарственной устойчивостью Acinetobacter baumannii. Заключение. К факторам, влияющим на прогрессирование и неблагоприятный исход COVID-19 следует отнести как признаки вторичной бактериальной инфекции, так и выявление наиболее агрессивной, лекарственно-устойчивой бактериальной флоры, вероятнее всего присоединившейся из окружающей больничной среды в результате длительного нахождения в стационарах.
COVID-19: How Can Doulas Support Pandemic Control?
Authors: Maiyegun Sitratullah , Yusuf Korede , Dongarwar Deepa , Ibrahimi Sahra , Ikedionwu Chioma , Salihu Hamisu
Published: June 2021

COVID-19 represents a great threat to public health in the 21st century so far, with the maternal and child (MCH) population being particularly vulnerable. With the healthcare workforce getting overwhelmed by a resurgence of cases, task-shifting approaches are a viable option to address the acute shortage of personnel for epidemic intelligence assignments related to the COVID-19 pandemic. We propose an intensive and short-duration curriculum to train Doulas versed in MCH epidemic intelligence and capable of reducing the burden of COVID-19 and its consequences on the MCH population. The effectiveness of the proposed curriculum will be monitored using a rapid-cycle evaluative approach to ascertain progressive enhancement over time.
 
Copyright © 2021 Maiyegun, et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.
Growing Job-Related Income Losses, Increasing Social Inequalities, and Physical and Mental Health Impact During the COVID-19 Pandemic, United States, April – December 2020
Authors: Singh Gopal K , Lee Hyunjung , Azuine Romuladus E.
Published: June 2021

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to substantial socioeconomic disruptions and increases in mental health problems in the United States (US) and globally. Whether social inequalities in job losses and resultant physical and mental health problems have worsened over the course of the pandemic are not well studied. Using temporal, nationally representative data, this study examines racial/ethnic and socioeconomic inequalities in job-related income losses and their associated health impact among US adults aged 18-64 years during the pandemic.
Methods: Using April, August, and December 2020 rounds of the US Census Bureau’s Household Pulse Survey (N = 56,788 for April; 83,244 for August; and 52,150 for December), social determinants of job-related income losses and associated impacts on self-assessed fair/poor health and depression were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.
Results: In December, more than 108 million or 55.5% of US adults reported that they or someone in their household experienced a loss of employment income since March 13, 2020. An additional 68 million or 34.6% of adults reported expecting this economic hardship in the next four weeks due to the pandemic. Blacks/African Americans, Hispanics, other/multiple-race groups, low-income, and low-education adults, and renters were significantly more likely to experience job-related income losses. Controlling for covariates, those reporting job-related income losses had 51% higher odds of experiencing fair/poor health and 106% higher odds of experiencing serious depression than those with no income losses in December 2020. The prevalence of fair/poor health varied from 11.6% for Asians with no job/income losses to 28.8% for Hispanics and 32.3% for Blacks with job/income losses. The prevalence of serious depression varied from 6.5% for Asians with no income losses to 21.6% for Non-Hispanic Whites and 21.8% for Blacks with job/income losses.
Conclusion and Implications for Translation: Job-related income losses and prevalence of poor health, and serious depression increased markedly during the pandemic. More than half of all ethnic-minority and socially disadvantaged adults reported job-related income losses due to the coronavirus pandemic, with 20-45% of them experiencing poor health or serious depression.
 
Copyright © 2021 Singh, et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.
18F-florbetapir PET as a marker of myelin integrity across the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum
Authors: Moscoso Alexis , Silva-Rodriguez Jesus , Aldrey Jose Manuel , Cortes Julia , Pias-Peleteiro Juan Manuel , Ruibal Alvaro , Aguiar Pablo
Published: June 2021

Purpose: Recent evidence suggest that PET imaging with amyloid-β (Aβ) tracers can be used to assess myelin integrity in cerebral white matter (WM). Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by myelin changes that are believed to occur early in the disease course. Nevertheless, the extent to which demyelination, as measured with Aβ PET, contributes to AD progression remains unexplored.Methods: Participants with concurrent 18F-florbetapir (FBP), MRI, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examinations were included (241 cognitively normal, 347 Aβ-positive cognitively impaired, and 207 Aβ-negative cognitively impaired subjects). A subset of these participants had also available diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) images (n=195). We investigated cross-sectional associations of FBP retention in the white matter (WM) with MRI-based markers of WM degeneration, AD clinical progression, and CSF biomarkers. In longitudinal analyses, we used linear mixed models to assess whether FBP retention in normal-appearing WM (NAWM) predicted progression of WM hyperintensity (WMH) burden and clinical decline. Results: In AD-continuum individuals, FBP retention in NAWM was 1) higher compared to WMH regions, 2) associated with DTI-based measures of WM integrity, and 3) associated with longitudinal progression of WMH burden. FBP uptake in WM decreased across the AD continuum and with increasingly abnormal CSF biomarkers of AD. Furthermore, FBP retention in the WM was associated with large-calibre axon degeneration as reflected by abnormal plasma neurofilament light chain levels. Low FBP uptake in NAWM predicted clinical decline in preclinical and prodromal AD, independent of demographics, global cortical Aβ, and WMH burden. Most of these associations were also observed in Aβ-negative cognitively impaired individuals.Conclusion: These results support the hypothesis that FBP retention in the WM is myelin-dependent. Demyelination levels progressed across the AD continuum and were associated with clinical progression at early stages, suggesting that this pathologic process might be a relevant degenerative feature in the disease course.
Involvement of miR-214-3p/FOXM1 axis during the progression of psoriasis
Authors: Zhao Jin , Wang Fei , Tian Qingjun , Dong Jing , Chen Liuqing , Hu Rongyi
Published: June 2021

Psoriasis is a common, chronic, and relapsing skin disease characterized by hyperproliferation of keratinocytes and apoptosis delay. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of psoriasis remain elusive. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded, small non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in the development of psoriasis by promoting targeted mRNA degradation or translational inhibition. Here, we report that miR-214-3p, one of the down-regulated miRNAs identified in the skin of psoriatic patients and imiquimod (IMQ)-induced mouse models, can negatively regulate the expression of forkhead box M1 (FOXM1). miR-214-3p inhibition leads to hyperproliferation and increased apoptosis of keratinocytes in vitro. Moreover, we show that miR-214-3p inhibition causes an arrest of the cell cycle at the S stage by elevating the expression of NEK2, KIF20A, CENP-A, CENP-F, Cyclin B1, and by reducing the expression of Cyclin D1 in HaCaT cells. In vivo, administration of miR-214-3p attenuates the psoriasis-like phenotype in IMQ-induced mice. Collectively, our results suggest that miR-214-3p/FOXM1 axis in keratinocytes could be a novel target in the treatment of psoriasis.
Jointly Optimized Design of Distributed RS Codes by Proper Selection in Relay
Authors: Guo Pengcheng , Yang Fengfan , Zhao Chunli , Ullah Waheed
Published: June 2021

This paper proposes a distributed RS coding scheme which is comprised of two different ReedSolomon (RS) codes over fast Rayleigh fading channel. Practically in any distributed coding scheme, an appropriate encoding strategy at the relay plays a vital role in achieving an optimized code at the destination. Therefore, the authors have proposed an efficient approach for proper selection of information at the relay based on subspace approach. Using this approach as the proper benchmark, another more practical selection approach with low complexity is also proposed. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate that the distributed RS coding scheme under the two approaches can achieve nearly the same bit error rate (BER) performance. Furthermore, to jointly decode the source and relay codes at the destination, two different decoding algorithms named as naive and smart algorithms are proposed. The simulation results reveal that the advantage of smart algorithm as compared to naive one. The proposed distributed RS coding scheme with smart algorithm outperforms its non-cooperative scheme by a gain of 2.4-3.2 dB under identical conditions. Moreover, the proposed distributed RS coding scheme outperforms multiple existing distributed coding schemes, making it an excellent candidate for the future distributed coding wireless communications.
Early and Eighteen Month Clinical Outcomes of First UK Case of Percutaneous Deep Vein Arterialisation (pDVA) to Treat “No Option” Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia Using the Limflow System
Authors: Lechareas Symeon , Sritha Kaji , Williams RG Mc
Published: June 2021

Background: Chronic limb-threatening ischaemia (CLTI) in cases where there are no further standard treatment options for limb salvage represents the most advanced stage of peripheral arterial disease. This case represents the first UK use of the LimFlow System to perform percutaneous deep vein arterialisation (pDVA) in a “no option” CLTI patient, with outcomes out to 18 months post-procedure.Case Presentation: We present the case of a 78 year old male diabetic patient with a history of contralateral below knee amputation who presented with ischaemic rest pain and dry gangrene involving his left heel and first and second toes. Following review by the lower limb multi-disciplinary team at our institution, the patient was deemed to have no surgical or endovascular treatment options, apart from major amputation, as there was no viable target for angioplasty or bypass. He was therefore referred as a candidate for percutaneous deep vein arterialisation (pDVA) with the LimFlow System (LimFlow SA, France). After screening of the patient according to the indications for use, the pDVA procedure was successfully performed resulting in complete resolution of ischaemic rest pain immediately following the procedure, and adequate revascularisation of the foot. The subject went on to have minor amputation of the first, second and third toes 2 months post initial procedure with further secondary angioplasty procedures to optimise the flow throughout the arterialised circuit up to 4 months after the initial procedure. He underwent elective completion transmetatarsal amputation at 13 months post index procedure. The surgical wounds post minor amputation and the heel wound showed continued healing progress, especially after secondary optimisation of the pDVA outflow, with tissue epithelialisation by 6 months and complete healing by 18 months post index procedure.Conclusions: This case report demonstrates the clinical outcomes of a technically-successful LimFlow pDVA including both limb salvage and wound healing at 18 months.
Evolution of stellated gold nanoparticles: new conceptual insights into controlling the surface processes
Authors: Singh Gurvinder , Jami Hesamodin , Lesani Pooria , Bhattacharya Shubhayan , Ramaswamy Yogambha , Bisht Prem B , Zreiqat Hala
Published: June 2021

Understanding the surface processes (deposition and surface diffusion) that occur at or close to the surface of growing nanoparticles is important for fabricating reproducibly stellated or branched gold nanoparticles with precise control over arm length and spatial orientation of arms around the core. By employing a simple seed-mediated strategy, we investigate the key synthetic variables for precise tuning of in situ surface processes (competition between the deposition and surface diffusion). These variables include the reduction rate of a reaction, the packing density of molecules/ions on the high surface energy facets, and temperature. As a result, the thermodynamically stabilized nanoparticles (cuboctahedron and truncated cube) and kinetic products (cube, concave cube, octapod, stellated octahedron, and rhombic dodecahedron) in different sizes with high quantitative shape yield (> 80%) can be obtained depending on the reduction rate of reaction and the packing density of molecules/ions. With computer simulation, we studied the stability of stellated (branched structure) and non-stellated (non-branched structure) gold nanoparticles at high temperature. We construct a morphology phase diagram by varying different synthetic parameters, illustrating the formation of both stellated and non-stellated gold nanoparticles in a range of reaction conditions. The stellated gold nanoparticles display shape-dependent optical properties and can be self-assembled into highly ordered superstructures to achieve an enhanced plasmonic response. Our strategy can be applied to other metal systems, allowing for the rational design of advanced new stellated metal nanoparticles with fascinating symmetry dependent plasmonic, catalytic, and electronic properties for technological applications.
Finite Element Modelling of Air-Coupled Circular Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer for Anodic Bonding Process using SOI Wafer
Authors: Gill Gurpreet Singh , Kumar Sanjay , Mukhiya Ravindra , Khanna Vinod Kumar
Published: June 2021

Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer (CMUT) provides an alternative to commercial piezoelectric-based ultrasonic transducers due to its wide bandwidth, improved efficiency, sensitivity, and design flexibility [1, 2]. In this paper, Finite Element Method-based design and simulations of circular capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) is presented. The FEM simulation of air-coupled CMUT was accomplished by using MEMCAD tools CoventorWare® and COMSOL™. The resonance frequency of 3.9 MHz was achieved for the designed circular CMUT device. A favourable agreement was found for the resonance frequency and pull-in voltage of the device using MEMSCAD tools and analytical calculations. For the proposed CMUT design, a circular cavity will be formed inside the glass substrate. Then, a free-standing membrane will be released using active layer of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer. The bulk silicon of SOI wafer will be removed after bonding it on the glass substrate using anodic bonding technique as described in fabrication process flow for CMUT.
Bioaugmentation and Bioaugmentation – Assisted Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals Contaminated Soil By a Synergistic Effect of Cyanobacteria Inoculation, Biochar, and Purtolaca Oleracea
Authors: Zanganeh Fahimeh , heidari Ava , Sepehr Adel , Rohani Abbas
Published: June 2021

In recent decades, soil contamination with heavy metals has become an environmental crisis due to their long-term stability and adverse biological effects. Therefore, bioremediation is an eco-friendly technology to remediate contaminated soil, that its efficiency requires further research. This study was conducted to comparatively investigate two strategies, including bioaugmentation by using Oscillatoria sp and bioaugmentation assisted phytoremediation by using Oscillatoria sp -portulaca oleracea for the bioremediation of heavy metal (Cr (III), Cr (VI), Fe, Al, and Zn) contaminated soil at 180 days. To facilitate the remediation process, various quantities of biochar (0, 0.5, 2, and 5% (w/w)) were used in the experiments. The results of the bioaugmentation showed a significant improvement in chlorophyll a, nitrogen, organic carbon contents of soil and decrease all heavy metal bioavailability and EC of soil. The remediation efficiency test using plants proved the success of remediation treatments. Moreover, the findings of bioaugmentation-assisted phytoremediation displayed an improvement in soil fertility and a substantial reduction in the bioavailable fraction of heavy metals, especially in soil amended with 5% biochar. Cyanobacteria inoculation and biochar amendment dramatically enhanced the root lengths and shoot heights of portulaca oleracea while it significantly decreased their heavy metal accumulation compared to the control. For all heavy metals, TF and BAC (except Zn) values ​​were found to be less than 1.0 at all treatments, illustrated the successful phytoextraction by the P. In conclusion, cyanobacteria inoculation along with biochar addition enhanced the TI quantities while diminished BAC and BCF values, suggesting the feasibility their applying in heavy metal contaminated soil for the facilitation of phytoremediation and their ability in pollutant immobilization.
LsaYAB7, A Homologous Gene of FILAMENTOUS FLOWER, Participating In The Regulation of Adaxial-Abaxial Polarity of Leaves In Lettuce
Authors: Luo Kangsheng , Zhang Dechun , Zhai Zhaodong , Liu Xue , Zhou Jun , Zhang Bin , Li Dayong
Published: June 2021

Background: The plant-specific YABBY transcription factor plays important roles in the development of lateral organs, the establishment of adaxial-abaxial polarity and abiotic stress response. However, the function of YABBY gene family in lettuce (Lactuca sativa), an important leaf vegetable is still unclear yet. Results: In this study, we analyzed the chromosomal distribution, gene structure and cis-transcriptional elements of the YABBY gene family in lettuce. Phylogenetic analysis of YABBY genes in lettuce, Arabidopsis, maize and rice classified them into five groups. In addition, the expression profile of YABBY genes in lettuce indicated that they may play distinct functions in different tissues and developmental processes. The subcellular localization analysis and transactivation assay showed that LsaYAB7 probably functions as a transcription factor in the nucleus. Furthermore, the ectopic expression of LsaYAB7 exhibited abaxially curled leaves, not only in Arabidopsis, but also in lettuce. Conclusion: Altogether, LsaYAB7 is a key functional gene in determining the adaxial-abaxial polarity of lettuce leaves. Our study laid foundation for the molecular research of functional genes in lettuce.
Detailed Analysis of Top 10 AI- Deep Learning Neural Networks in Intrusion Detection for Internet of Things
Authors: V Kanimozhi , Jacob T. Prem
Published: June 2021

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
A disease-linked lncRNA mutation in RNase MRP inhibits ribosome synthesis
Authors: Roberston Nic , Shchepachev Vadim , Wright David , Turowski Tomasz , Spanos Christos , Helwak Aleksandra , Zamoyska Rose , Tollervey David
Published: June 2021

RMRP encodes a non-coding RNA forming the core of the RNase MRP ribonucleoprotein complex. Mutations cause Cartilage Hair Hypoplasia (CHH), characterized by skeletal abnormalities and impaired T cell activation. Yeast RNase MRP cleaves a specific site in the pre-ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) during ribosome synthesis. CRISPR-mediated disruption of RMRP in human cells lines caused growth arrest, with pre-rRNA accumulation. Here, we analyzed disease-relevant primary cells, showing that mutations in RMRP impair mouse T cell activation and delay pre-rRNA processing. Patient-derived human fibroblasts with CHH-linked mutations showed similar pre-rRNA processing delay. Human cells engineered with the most common CHH mutation (70AG in RMRP) show specifically impaired pre-rRNA processing, resulting in reduced mature rRNA and a reduced ratio of cytosolic to mitochondrial ribosomes. Moreover, the 70AG mutation caused a reduction in intact RNase MRP complexes. Together, these results indicate that CHH is a ribosomopathy, and the first processing-specific human disorder to be described.
Modified Multiple Marker Aneuploidy Screening as a Primary Screening Test for Preeclampsia
Authors: Huang Tianhua , Bedford H. Melanie , Rashid Shamim , Rasasakaram Evasha , Priston Megan , Mak-Tam Ellen , Gibbons Clare , Meschino Wendy S. , Cuckle Howard , Mei-Dan Elad
Published: June 2021

Background: Maternal biochemical markers used in multiple marker aneuploidy screening have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study aims to assess if a combination of maternal characteristics and biochemical markers in the first and second trimesters can be used to screen for preeclampsia (PE), gestational hypertension and preterm birth. Methods: This case-control study used information on maternal characteristics and residual blood samples from pregnant women who have undergone multiple marker aneuploidy screening. The median multiple of the median (MoM) of first and second trimester biochemical markers in cases (women with PE, gestational hypertension and preterm birth) and controls were compared. Biochemical markers included pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), placental growth factor (PlGF), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), alpha feto-protein (AFP), unconjugated estriol (uE3) and Inhibin A. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate screening performance using different marker combinations. Screening performance was defined as detection rate (DR) and false positive rate (FPR). Preterm and early-onset preeclampsia PE were defined as women with PE delivered < 37 and < 34 weeks of gestation.Results: There were 147 pregnancies with PE (81 term, 49 preterm and 17 early-onset), 295 with gestational hypertension, and 166 preterm birth. Compared to controls, PE cases had significantly lower median MoM of PAPP-A (0.77 vs 1.10, p<0.0001), PlGF (0.76 vs 1.01, p<0.0001) and free-β hCG (0.81 vs. 0.98, p<0.001) in the first trimester along with PAPP-A (0.82 vs 0.99, p<0.01) and PlGF (0.75 vs 1.02, p<0.0001) in the second trimester. The lowest first trimester PAPP-A, PlGF and free β-hCG were seen in those with preterm and early-onset PE. At a 20% FPR, 67% of preterm and 76% of early-onset PE cases can be predicted using a combination of maternal characteristics with PAPP-A and PlGF in the first trimester.Conclusions: Maternal characteristics with first trimester PAPP-A and PlGF measured for aneuploidy screening provided reasonable accuracy in identifying women at risk of developing early onset PE, allowing triage of high-risk women for further investigation and risk-reducing therapy.
Sustainable Eco-friendly Wire-cut Electrical Discharge Machining: Gas Emission Analysis
Authors: Sampath Boopathi
Published: June 2021

Wire-cut electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is the highly essential unconventional electro-thermal machining process to cut the contour profile of hard materials in modern production industries. The various environmental impacting wastes (by evaporating and reacting hydro-carbon dielectric fluid) are produced during the WEDM process and these are harmful to the machine operators. These wastes are minimized by a near-dry WEDM process wherein the pressurized air mixed with a small amount of water is used as a dielectric substance. In this research, influences, and contributions of machining parameters such as air pressure, mixing water flow rate, spark current and pulse width on gas emission concentration (GEC), materials removal rate (MRR), and relative emission rate (RER) of sustainable near-dry WEDM process have been optimized by Taguchi analysis. RER is investigated to analyze the effects of machining factors on gas emission and machining rate combinedly. It was revealed that the maximum air pressure and flow rate of mixing water have significantly been promoting the sustainable near-dry WEDM process.
A Pentagonal Shaped Microstrip Planar Antenna with Defected Ground Structure for Ultrawideband Applications
Authors: Ibnyaich Saida , Chabaa Samira , wakrim Layla , Yassini Abdessalam El , Zeroual Abdelouhab , Hassani Moha M'rabet
Published: June 2021

A new compact pentagonal microstrip patch antenna with slotted ground plane structure, developed for use in ultrawideband applications, is studied in this article.
The proposed antenna is mainly constituted by a pentagonal shaped patch antenna, a defected ground plane structure, two stubs, and four slots to improve the bandwidth.
The designed antenna has an overall dimension of 30×17.59×1.6mm 3 , for WIMAX /WLAN/ WiFi/HIPERLAN-2 /Bluetooth /LTE /5G applications with a very large bandwidth starting from 2.66 GHz to 10.82 GHz (S 11 <-6 dB ). A parametric study of the ground plane structure was carried out to find the final and the optimal UWB antenna, and to confirm that the antenna has good performance and broader bandwidth. The proposed antenna prototype has been fabricated. The measured results indicate that the antenna has a good impedance matching.
The antenna has an electrically small dimension with a good gain, a notable efficiency, and a wide impedance bandwidth, which makes this antenna an excellent candidate for ultrawideband wireless communication, microwave imaging, radar applications, and the major part of the mobile phone frequencies as well.
Hyperglycemic Conditions Proliferate Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells: Role of Ornithine Decarboxylase
Authors: Chandra Surabhi , Capellen Caleb C. , Ortega Jose A. , Morwitzer M. Jane , Tofilau Hadassha , Dunworth Matthew , Casero Robert A.
Published: June 2021

Several cancer subtypes (pancreatic, breast, liver, and colorectal) rapidly advance to higher aggressive stages in diabetes. Though hyperglycemia has been considered as a fuel for growth of cancer cells, pathways leading to this condition are still under investigation. Cellular polyamines can modulate normal and cancer cell growth, and inhibitors of polyamine synthesis have been approved for treating colon cancer, however the role of polyamines in diabetes-mediated cancer advancement is unclear as yet. We hypothesized that polyamine metabolic pathway is involved with increased proliferation of breast cancer cells under high glucose(HG) conditions. Studies were performed with varying concentrations of glucose (5mM-25mM) exposure in invasive, triple negative breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231; non-invasive, estrogen/progesterone receptor positive breast cancer cells, MCF-7; and non-tumorigenic mammary epithelial cells, MCF-10A. There was a significant increase in proliferation with HG (25mM) at 48-72h in both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-10A cells but no such effect was observed in MCF-7 cells. This was correlated to higher activity of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the rate limiting enzyme in polyamine synthesis pathway. Inhibitor of polyamine synthesis (difluoromethylornithine, DFMO, 5mM) was quite effective in suppressing HG-mediated cell proliferation and ODC activity in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-10A cells. Polyamine (putrescine) levels were significantly elevated with HG treatment in MDA-MB-231 cells. HG exposure also increased the metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells. Our findings are the first to indicate that polyamine inhibition can improve prognosis of breast cancer patients with diabetes, and also prevent proliferation of normal breast epithelial cells, which could potentially become tumorigenic.
Drivers of the Peaking and Decoupling Between CO2 Emissions and Economic Growth Around 2030 in China
Authors: Gong Weifeng , wang Chuanhui , Fan Zhenyue , Xu Yang
Published: June 2021

Reaching the peak of carbon dioxide emissions is the basis and premise of carbon neutrality. In this paper, the factor decomposition model was used to analyze the influencing factors and effects of carbon dioxide emissions. Causal chain model of elastic decoupling was established. The historical decoupling state between carbon dioxide emissions and economic growth and the decoupling effect of its influencing factors were analyzed. The prediction model of carbon dioxide emissions was used to explore the change trend of China’s carbon dioxide emissions and its peak in the short and medium term in the future. The elastic decoupling trend between carbon dioxide emissions and economic growth was predicted. The results show that economic growth is the main force driving carbon dioxide emissions. Both energy intensity and energy consumption structure have a strong inhibiting effect on carbon dioxide emissions except for a few years, but the former has a more significant inhibiting effect than the latter. In general, the elastic decoupling between carbon dioxide emissions and economic growth has experienced a state from weak decoupling to growth linkage and then to weak decoupling. And this weak decoupling trend will continue to increase in the short and medium term. During the 14th Five-year and 15th Five-year period, if the average annual economic growth rate will be maintained at 4.61–5.85%, and energy intensity will be reduced by 16.14–18.37%, and the proportion of non-fossil energy in the energy consumption structure at the end of the 14th, 15th and 16th Five-Year Plan period will be around 19.9%, 23.2% and 26.1%, respectively, then the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions will continue to decline. It is expected to reach the peak of carbon dioxide emissions between 10,453 and 10,690 billion tons from 2025 to 2027. And the earlier the peak time is, the smaller the peak is, which would provide valuable time for carbon neutrality and room to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the medium and long term.