bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic susceptibility and biofilm formation in multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Krishnasamy Lakshmi , Velmurugan Jaiganeshan Muttiah
Published: December 2024

one of the Gram-Negative pathogens, serves a crucial organism in nosocomial outbreaks. The properties of this bacteria including adaptability, biofilm formation, etc. make this organism develop resistance against various antibiotic drugs. The current study aims to screen the multidrug resistant isolates for biofilm formation and to study the relationship of drug resistance and development of biofilm.

Clinical samples growing in culture were screened for antibiotic susceptibility pattern using disc diffusion method. The multidrug resistant isolates of identified using culture and standard microbiological tests were included in the study and were tested for biofilm formation using micro titre plate assay

: Out of the 224 clinical samples growing in culture, 100 isolates were found to be multidrug resistant (MDR). 42% of the isolates showed resistance to Cefepime followed by 26% isolates were resistant to Levofloxacin. 88% of the MDR isolates produced biofilm and among these 75% produced strong biofilm, 10% of the isolates produced weak biofilm and 3% of the isolates produced moderate biofilms.

The present study observed that majority of the MDR isolates were found to be biofilm producers. Thus, biofilm production is said to be one of the important properties of the organism which could be attributed to their multi drug resistance.
Antibiotic-resistance profile of bacteria isolated from patients with surgical site infections-Study at rural-based tertiary hospital
Authors: Bhalodia Nidhi Mihirkumar , Bhalodia Mihir , Pandya Himani , Javadekar Tanuja , Lakhani Sucheta
Published: December 2024

: Surgical site infections are common health care associated infections which results in significant morbidity and mortality of patient. SSI may lead to increase hospital stay and healthcare costs.

The main aim of study was to find incidence rate of SSI and evaluate various risk factors. In the present study bacteriological profile and antibiotic resistant pattern of pathogens were analyzed.

The current prospective study was carried out at a rural-based hospital, Vadodara. 350 operated cases from various departments were included in this study.

Out of total 350 patient, 45 cases of surgical site infection were identified. Thus the incidence of SSI was 12.8%. The high prevalence of SSI was observed among male patient and patient in age group 35-60 years (42.2%).

The statistical analysis results showed that type of wound (significant p value = 0.0001), duration of surgery >2 hours (significant p value = 0.031), diabetes (significant p value = 0.027), and prolonged hospital stay > 7 days (significant p value = 0.0001) were associated with SSI.

The highest prevalence was of (31.1%) followed by (22.2%).

The SSI rate in our current study was high. Consistent infection prevention and control measures need to be implemented at our hospital and proper surveillance need to be carried out.
Plastic is one of the root causes of endocrine disorders
Authors: Banerjee Swapan
Published: December 2024

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) found in various products, including electronics, carpets, paints, cosmetics, and plastics, can disrupt human endocrine systems, potentially affecting reproductive health, thyroid function, metabolic alterations, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, obesity, impaired brain development, compromised immune responses, and cancers in hormone-sensitive tissues. Exposure to EDCs during gestation and early postnatal life has significant impacts, and hazardous compounds in plastics can lead to further damage.
Narrativas en la vida secreta de los árboles
Authors: Carvajal Freese Ingeborg , Meneses Carmona Daniel
Published: December 2024

En este documento de investigación, nos adentramos en la fascinante exploración de P. Wohlleben sobre la vida secreta de los árboles. Presentamos al lector esta experiencia a través de narrativas. Una de ellas, a la que hemos denominado Conversando con la vida secreta de los árboles, abarca las dimensiones que el autor explora en su obra. Otra narrativa se aproxima al vínculo entre el bosque alemán y el mito fundacional, la cual se gesta durante un encuentro bélico decisivo: la batalla del Bosque de Teutoburgo. Posteriormente, presentamos el origen de dos historias monumentales que entrelazan la naturaleza y la nación. Una cuarta narrativa aborda el problema del cambio climático como una historia global que afecta la vida de los bosques, en cuyo contexto se enmarcan las investigaciones de Wohlleben como una quinta narrativa. Finalmente, exploramos la urgencia de conocer y conectar con el mundo como una narrativa fundamental para nuestros reencuentros con la naturaleza, una responsabilidad que nos concierne a todos.
Ophelian Negotiations: Remediating the Girl on YouTube
Authors: O'Neill Stephen
Published: December 2024

It is no longer possible to think of Ophelia simply as the restricted tragic girl of Hamlet. Rather, she is a recurrent text, image, and even a brand that can be endlessly repurposed and appropriated. Building on recent work on Ophelia as a discourse that names and constitutes the contemporary girl, this essay examines a variety of Ophelia productions on the video-sharing platform YouTube. It identifies particular genres of response and situates them in terms of current debates within girls' studies, as well as media studies. The objective here is to think more precisely about the modes and politics of girls' media uses. What is at stake in the turn — or return — to Ophelia within online culture? To what extent is Ophelia a progressive text? More broadly, does the democratic media-making associated with Web 2.0 signal new, meaningful forms of feminism, or might we dealing with the latest phase of "girl power"? This essay interprets Ophelia videos in terms of a triptych, "YouTube-Shakespeare-Ophelia." Each of these terms should be understood as a frame, both enabling and delimiting, through which girls produce and/or perform postfeminist identities online. Ophelia becomes a meta-language for a set of negotiations about girl culture and the (im)possibility of authentic expression in the contemporary mediascape.
Financial distress prediction in Islamic commercial banks: The role of gender, corporate social responsibility, and capital structure
Authors: Auwala Muhamad Farhan , Waharini Faqiatul Mariya
Published: December 2024

This research empirically tests the influence of women’s presence on the board of directors, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) expenditure, and capital structure on the likelihood of financial distress for a sample of 13 Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia from 2019 to 2022. The study employs regression to determine the impact of board gender diversity on financial distress. Altman Z-score model is used as a proxy for financial distress indicator. The result shows that the presence of female director can enhance the possibility of financial distress due to their excessive caution. In addition, CSR can also lead to financial difficulties for the entities because CSR implementations need substantial funding, and undue reliance on debt can also increase the risk of financial problems. These findings have significant implications for governance and risk management in Islamic commercial banks. They stress the need for a balanced approach to board gender diversity, avoiding excessive caution that could lead to financial strain. Banks should align CSR activities with their financial capacity to prevent undue burden and manage debt levels prudently to reduce financial distress. These insights can help policymakers and institutions improve governance, CSR strategies, and financial risk management, enhancing the stability of Islamic commercial banks.
Vaginal microbiome and neoplasms of the female reproductive system: a marker or a factor of influence?
Authors: Artyomenko V.V. , Nastradina N.M. , Chikanchi V.O. , Iacoban S.R.
Published: December 2024

The study of the human microbiome is one of the most pertinent areas of science and medicine today. The impact of changes in the microbiome is widely discussed in the context of new approaches to the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of many diseases. At the same time, approaches to the management of patients with precancerous and cancerous diseases are changing along with the discovery of new approaches to the management of this category of patients. Scientists all over the world are studying changes in the vaginal microbiome and its role in the female oncological pathology. This article contains the latest information in this direction.
It is known that the vaginal microbiome is predominantly composed of anaerobic and facultative anaerobic flora. Normally, the dominant bacteria in the vagina are lactobacilli. A decrease in the number of lactobacilli facilitates the penetration of pathogenic bacteria and the development of sexually transmitted diseases and precancerous transformations. Studies on the effectiveness of chemotherapy have shown that interventions in the vaginal-cervical microbiome can improve patient response to platinum-based drugs and enhance the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy. Several studies have reported an increased prevalence of Sneаthia spp. in the vaginal microbiome of patients with high-risk human papillomaviruses, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cervical carcinoma. Further research is needed on microbiome changes in vaginal and vulvar cancer.
The composition and functions of the vaginal microbiome have been shown to change in women with human papillomavirus. In future studies, it is necessary to conduct analyses in larger samples and more complex populations, taking into account differences in the clinical characteristics of women and focusing on dynamic changes in cancer occurrence, in order to understand the overall development of the disease and the general trend of microbiome changes in gynecological cancer. In addition, close attention should be paid to the development of individualized screening and treatment, and by studying differences in populations, screening and treatment plans can be more precisely formulated and have better results.
Melatonin exchange in infertile women with repeated implantation failures
Authors: Nosenko O.M. , Demydchyk R.Y.
Published: December 2024

Background. Repeated implantation failure occurs in approximately 10–15% of women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) cycles. One of the important factors is the changed morpho-functional state of the endometrium and chronodestruction in the woman’s body.
Objective of the study: to determine the characteristics of melatonin (MT) metabolism in infertile women with repeated implantation failures in IVF-ET cycles.
Material and methods. 103 women of reproductive age with infertility and repeated implantation failures who were treated in IVF-ET cycles were observed. Depending on the onset of pregnancy in the current IVF-ET cycle, women were divided into 2 groups: group A – 35 women with the onset of pregnancy, group B – 68 patients without the onset of pregnancy. The control group (group C) included 32 healthy fertile women. The MT level in blood serum and 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) in urine was determined.
Results. The initial levels of MT in patients of group A (11.38 ± 0.38 pg/ml) and in group B (9.55 ± 0.27 pg/ml) were lower than in group C (13.67 ± 0.65 pg/ml) in 1.20 (p < 0.01) and 1.43 (p < 0.01) times, respectively. At the same time, the level of MT in women of group A was 1.19 times higher than in the group B (p < 0.03). Excretion of aMT6s in urine in group A (5.09 ± 0.19 ng/ml Cr) and in group B (3.03 ± 0.09 ng/ml Cr) were lower than in group C (6.12 ± 0.21 ng/ml Cr) respectively in 1.20 (p < 0.01) and 2.02 (p < 0.01) times. The aMT6s concentration in urine in patients of group A was 1.68 times higher than in group B (p < 0.01). A direct relationship was established between the levels of serum MT and urinary aMT6s, which was most adequately approximated by a polynomial dependence: y  = 0.0139x2 – 0.1127x + 3.2978, R² = 0.2994, r = 0.51, p < 0.01.
Conclusions. Women with repeated implantation failures are characterized by a decrease in the level of MT in blood serum and its main metabolite aMT6s in urine, which may be one of the key factors of implantation failure.
Genre specificity of vandal graphic damage to urban spaces
Authors:   Ural State Pedagogical University, Babikova Marina R. , Kruzhkova Olga V. ,   Ural State Pedagogical University
Published: December 2024

The visual space of a modern city and any other populated area is very diverse and rich, both
with useful elements: signs, road signs, posters, street names, etc., and with the elements which change the
appearance of streets in a negative way, namely the graphic damage to urban space or unauthorized graffiti,
which is in the focus of this paper. The relevance of the present study is determined by the significance
of studying various types of everyday written and speech activities within the city space. The specificity of
graffiti as an object of linguistic research is noteworthy. Being an ambiguous part of urban space, graphic
damage is often not fully studied, but nevertheless has significant pragmatic potential that can influence the
opinion of citizens. Thus, the purpose of the study is to describe graphic damage, considering the entire range of
extralinguistic and linguistic components of the genre. The work is based on a descriptive research method, and
the basis for the methodology for describing the genre is the model of a complex communicative-typological
description of the natural written Russian speech, proposed by N. B. Lebedeva and adapted to the objectives
of this study. Thus, the article presents a description of aspects of the genre under consideration through a
number of characteristics: 1) author, 2) purpose, 3) addressee, 4) content, 5) communicative time, 6) linguistic
embodiment, 7) social assessment 8) cognitive dominant of the genre.
Genre diversity of official Telegram channels of higher educational institutions
Authors:   Saratov State University, Firsova Tatyana G. , Koshcheeva Olga V. ,   Saratov State University
Published: December 2024

This article presents a study of the genre field of official Telegram channels of higher educational
institutions in Russia. It is shown that the publications of these channels on this platform are similar in their structural and stylistic design: they have multimedia and text blocks, are characterized by concise and
fragmented text, interactivity and hypertextuality, a combination of official-business and informal presentation
of information, among other features. The genre composition of these channels has a core zone, which
includes types of publications such as “news post,” “announcement post,” “presentation post,” “educational
post,” and “digest.” Common genres on official Telegram channels of universities include “congratulatory
posts,” “presentation posts of educational programs,” genres like “historical chronicle,” “interview,” “repost”;
relatively rare genres include “diary,” “schedule,” “quotes,” and other models. The individual style of a
specific channel is formed through a comprehensive approach to the composition of genre forms and their
symbolic expression using multimedia, textual, and other systems. For the identification of different genres
on this platform, thematic, stylistic, content-based, lexical features play a greater role than compositionalstructural and sign-formative characteristics. The stability and uniformity of the core zone of Telegram
channels of universities, as well as the similarity of structural, stylistic, and linguistic characteristics of the
genres included in it, allow us to speak about the possibility of classifying a university's Telegram channel
as a special type of hyper-genre system.
Medical Education Quality in the COVID-19 Era: A Policy Brief on Lesson Learned and Recommendations
Authors: Heydari Majid , Foroughi Zeynab , Ghasab Azadeh Ahmadzadeh , Koohpaei Alireza , Abardeh Maryam Hoseini , Nouhi Mojtaba
Published: December 2024

Following the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous studies have been conducted to evaluate the quality of medical education in Iran, with a particular emphasis on virtual training. The results of these studies varied. A review of evidence suggests that the pandemic has affected the quality of medical education. Quality management of medical education during critical conditions such as the COVID-19 pandemic is far from what occurs in routine medical education processes. In order to prevent a decline in the quality of education during crises, it is necessary to adapt educational structures flexibly, particularly in healthcare delivery settings such as hospitals and comprehensive health centers. This policy brief proposes several recommendations in the area of learning environment, educational governance, developing and supporting learners and supervisors, delivering programs and curricula and developing a sustainable workforce. These recommendations can be implemented both before and during a crisis. In addition to all these suggestions, the key policy recommendation is to create and implement an Education Incident Command System (EICS). The design of an EICS is warranted to keep medical education processes active and preserve the quality of medical education before, during, and after a crisis. The EICS operates with command, control, and coordination of key players in medical education in response to emergency situations by facilitating flexible changes in medical educational processes
Legal Protection of Balinese Traditional Law During Global Tourism Destination Development
Authors: Jaelani Abdul Kadir , Dian Luthviati Resti , Octavia Kusumaningtyas Reza , Al Fatih Sholahuddin , Siboy Ahmad
Published: December 2024

This study seeks to examine the legal preservation of Balinese traditional law during the development of global tourism destinations. This study employs an empirical legal research method, in which the law is conceptualized as a phenomenon that can be observed in the actual world. Article 6, paragraph 1, stresses that “in the context of upholding human rights and the needs of indigenous people, these must be considered and protected by law, society, and the government”. The protection of human rights of indigenous peoples in Bali includes the rights of women and children, the prohibition of inhuman punishment regarding customary sanctions, rights to village land related to the protection of cultural identity and ulayat (customary) rights of local communities in tourism development. This is because Bali is a tourism development hub.
Keywords: Balinese, destination, tourism
HİNDUİZM’DE VAHİY: Köken ve Tanrıyla İlintisi Bağlamında İslam Vahyiyle Karşılaştırmalı Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Güngör Fatih
Published: December 2024

Genel anlamıyla, ilâhîlik makamının insanoğluyla iletişimi olarak da ifade edilebilecek olan vahiy kavramının değişik din, kültür ve hatta düşünürlerdeki yankısı farklı olmuştur. Bu farklılık, entelektüel dünyaya sıradanlığın ötesinde izler bırakacak türdendir. Zira bazı kavramlar vardır ki, onlara yüklenen manalar algıları yönlendirir ve anlamayı büsbütün şekillendirir. Vahiy de bunlardan birisi olup özellikle dinlerin, kendi hakikatleri çerçevesinde doğru algılanabilmelerinde anahtar bir kavramdır. Bu makalede, kaynağı yönüyle Hindu kutsal metinleri Vedalara yüklenen anlamlardan hareketle Hinduizm’deki vahiy algısı ve ıstılahî anlamından hareketle Kur’ân vahyi konu edilecektir. Mevcut literatürde daha çok Hinduizm’de vahy diye ifade edilen şeyin nasıllığı üzerinde durulmakta ama bu kavramın ıstılâhî menşei olan İslam dinindeki kullanımı açısından ayrıntılı bir mahiyet karşılaştırmasına rastlanmamaktadır. Mecazî anlamına vurgu yapılmadan Hindu kutsal metinleri Vedalar için kullanılan Tanrı’nın vahyi ifadesinin ise bu dinin hakikatini anlamada/kutsallarını anlamlandırmada çeşitli algı sorunlarına sebebiyet verdiği müşahede edilmektedir. Söz konusu eksikliği giderme ve yaşanan algılama sorunlarının çözümüne katkı amacı taşıyan bu çalışmada, öncelikle insanın anlama çabasında kavramlara yüklenen anlamların önemine vurgu yapılmış ve bir disiplini doğru algılamada ilgili disiplinde kullanılan kavramların terim/(ıstılâhî) anlamlarını bilmenin ehemmiyetine kısaca değinilmiştir. Ardından vahiy kavramının ve konuyla alakalı keşf, ilhâm, şruti ve revelation kavramlarının kısa semantik tahliline yer verilmiş, böylece daha sonra Hinduizm’de vahiy konusu işlenirken aslında hangi kavramın tercih edilmesinin daha yerinde olacağının alt yapısı hazırlanmıştır. Vahyin; inzâl ve tenzîl özelliğine sahip olması, Arapça ve kelamî nitelikte okunan bir şey olması, seçilmiş bir elçi ile mukayyet kılınıp bunun vahyi alanın değil gönderenin kendi iradî tasarrufunda bir konu olması gibi niteliklerine dikkat çekilerek bu kavramın mahiyet boyutunun ana çerçevesi çizilmeye çalışılmıştır. Daha sonra Hint düşüncesinde Vedaların kaynağı ve tanrı ile ilintisi üzerinde durularak Hinduizm’de vahiy anlayışının anlamsal iz düşümü çıkarılmıştır. Böylece, Hindu kutsal metinleri Vedaların kaynağı veya tanrı ile ilintisi konusunda Hindular arasında bir fikir birliğinin olmadığı; bunların rişi adı verilen bilge kişiler tarafından kişisel riyâzet neticesinde keşf ve müşâhede yoluyla elde edildiği; dolayısıyla bu durumun haricî bir olay olmayıp ancak saf tabiat, güzel amel ve çok gayretle elde edilebilen batınî/içsel bir olay olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu bağlamda, vahyin ancak tanrı-âlem ayrışmasını esas alan teist tanrı tasavvuruna sahip dinlerde söz konusu olabileceği, dolayısıyla tanrı-âlem bütünleşmesini ifade eden panteist tanrı tasavvuruna sahip Hinduizm’de vahiy yerine keşf ve ilhâm kavramlarının kullanımının daha yerinde olacağına dikkat çekilmiştir.
Ecoturismo y conciencia ambiental: una estrategia de educación ambiental para jóvenes universitarios
Authors: Andrade Navia Juan Manuel , Jiménez Zapata Elvia María , Luna Ocampo Wilson Fernando
Published: December 2024

El objetivo del presente artículo consistió en evaluar la relación entre el ecoturismo y la conciencia ambiental en los estudiantes universitarios de la región Surcolombiana. Para la anterior, se abordaron las variables de ecoturismo (variable independiente) y conciencia ambiental (variable dependiente) como variables multidimensionales. El estudio tuvo un corte cuantitativo, utilizando el método deductivo y con una investigación de tipo descriptiva. La población estudiada fueron los estudiantes universitarios y la muestra fue de tipo no probabilístico en su tipología por conveniencia. En total se encuestaron 577 jóvenes universitarios de la región Surcolombiana. Para las variables de ecoturismo y conciencia ambiental se elaboraron instrumentos por parte de los investigadores con base en múltiples estudios existentes en la literatura. Para determinar el nivel de confianza se utilizaron el alfa de Cronbach y la confiabilidad compuesta, y para establecer la validez se acudió a la Varianza Media Explicada y al Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio, obteniendo niveles de confianza y validez satisfactorios. Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron una relación positiva y significativa entre la experiencia ecoturística y la conciencia ambiental (0,694; p < 0,00). En conclusión, los resultados refuerzan la idea de que el ecoturismo puede ser una estrategia de educación ambiental que permita mejores niveles de conciencia ambiental en las generaciones jóvenes, lo que puede contribuir a la preservación del medio ambiente. Finamente, los hallazgos fueron acordes a lo encontrado en investigaciones que demuestran cierta relación causal entre las variables.
REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA DA ZONA FRANCA DE MANAUS ENQUANTO POLÍTICA PÚBLICA
Authors: Brilhante de Mendonça Maurício , De Oliveira Ana Claudia Pedrosa , Souza Pinto Martins Laís
Published: December 2024

A pesquisa teve como objetivo atualizar a revisão bibliográfica sobre a Zona Franca de Manaus realizada por Mendonça (2013), incorporando textos publicados entre 2013 e 2022, totalizando 29 novas publicações. Após leitura do material, os textos foram classificados nas cinco linhas temáticas estabelecidas por Mendonça (2013). Observou-se que as pesquisas sobre a ZFM se concentram no Grupo 3, cujo objeto são os subsetores do Polo Industrial de Manaus ou as unidades produtivas. As buscas nos bancos de dados não retornaram nenhum estudo da ZFM sob a ótica da Indústria 4.0 ou sobre sistema tributário, federalismo fiscal e do impacto da reforma tributária na política de incentivos fiscais da ZFM. O material aqui organizado e a análise realizada podem ensejar novos projetos de pesquisa sobre a temática, sobretudo a partir das lacunas aqui apontadas e dos temas que, embora sejam relevantes, ainda são incipientes na literatura da área. Ademais, os resultados aqui apresentados fornecem diversas possibilidades de estudos sobre a Zona Franca de Manaus e podem auxiliar os pesquisadores que estudam políticas de desenvolvimento regional por meio de incentivos fiscais.
El Programa Inglés sin Límites en Paraguay
Authors: Delfino Ocampo Claudia Beatriz
Published: December 2024

El objetivo del presente artículo es identificar y examinar las oportunidades y desafíos en la ejecución del Programa Inglés sin Límites en el contexto rural y urbano de escuelas públicas, desde el primero al sexto grado del primero y segundo ciclo de la Educación Escolar Básica en Paraguay. La información cualitativa recolectada a través de una entrevista fenomenológica permite ver que se destacan las ventajas para el aprendizaje del inglés como lengua extranjera, la posibilidad de tener acceso a mejores oportunidades, así como los retos que van asociados a la capacitación docente y los espacios de formación.
The international context: the role of Codex Alimentarius in setting safety and quality standards for global agri-food supply chains
Authors:   Codex Alimentarius Commission, Heilandt Tom ,   Codex Alimentarius Commission, Hielm Amanda
Published: December 2024

This chapter reviews the origins and development of the Codex Alimentarius Commission, established by the United Nations (UN) Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO). It describes the Codex organizational structure and standard setting process. The chapter goes on to review the main achievements of Codex in promoting global food safety and quality, as well as the current and future challenges facing the organization.
The role and range of voluntary standards and certification systems governing sustainable agricultural practices
Authors:   International Trade Centre (ITC), Lamolle Mathieu , Sampson Gregory ,   International Trade Centre (ITC)
Published: December 2024

This chapter charts the development and progressive broadening of sustainability as a concept, focusing on the particular role of voluntary sustainability standards set up by individual companies as well as sectors such as coffee and palm oil. It discusses the challenges of coordinating the multitude of different initiatives to ensure interoperability or compatibility between national, multilateral, regional and private industry sustainability standards and programmes, as well as to compare and monitor performance. The chapter reviews the International Trade Centre (ITC) Standards Map which provides a publicly-available inventory covering over 300 sustainability initiatives, applicable to more than 80 sectors and 190 countries. This makes it easier compare standards against more than 1,600 criteria, assess performance criteria and levels of compliance. The chapter also explains the ITC’s development of a comprehensive typology of sustainability standards to organize, cluster and analyse standards based on common features.
The role of technology in monitoring and verifying safety, quality and sustainability in agri-food supply chains
Authors:   Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Kowalska Aleksandra , Clapham Laura ,   University of Cambridge, Manning Louise ,   University of Lincoln
Published: December 2024

Despite investment in regulatory and private governance approaches, food safety incidents, poor quality products and misleading declarations still occur. This chapter will consider the developing role of technology in monitoring and verifying safety, quality and sustainability in agri-food supply chains and how technology plays a role firstly, in delivering traceability and secondly, transparency. The application of blockchain technology, Internet of Things (IoT), big data, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) could facilitate the creation of robust, smart, digital chain(s) of custody. These digital chains of custody could deliver more equitable sharing of data and information, efficient assessment and mitigation of complex risk scenarios, and if required, effective management of product recalls. Digital chains of custody can optimise the use of resources (and reduce emissions) and improve the effectiveness of validation and verification of product claims regarding safety, quality and other environmental and social criteria.
mproving sustainable agricultural principles and practices: the Sustainable Agriculture Network (SAN)
Authors:   Sustainable Agriculture Network (SAN), McCord Mona , Bach Oliver ,   Sustainable Agriculture Network (SAN)
Published: December 2024

Recognizing a need for sustainability approaches beyond current models of certification, the Sustainable Agriculture Network (SAN) established the Sustainable Agriculture Framework (SAF) in 2018, an outcome-based approach designed to guide organizations and local stakeholders towards greater and more durable progress in achieving sustainability and, ultimately, more positive changes for landscapes, farmers, communities and companies alike. This chapter describes SAF and how it has been applied in practice in a number of sustainability programmes.
Fulfilling the promise of sustainability certification: reflections from the Rainforest Alliance
Authors:   Rainforest Alliance, Newsom Deanna , Gilhuis Henk ,   Rainforest Alliance, Rutten Rens ,   PUM Netherlands, Sechley Talia ,   Rainforest Alliance
Published: December 2024

Since the emergence of voluntary sustainability standards in the 1990s, certification has gone mainstream, boosting traceability, providing a platform for diverse stakeholders to collaborate, accelerating corporate due diligence policies and driving many on-farm improvements such as higher crop yields. Yet, we know that the logic of the market has not, on its own, consistently transferred value from consumers to certified farmers, and that some sustainability issues have been difficult to address through ‘traditional’ (high-stakes, pass/fail) certification audits. In response, the Rainforest Alliance has made changes that aim to: distribute the costs and benefits of sustainable production more equitably throughout certified supply chains; take a more proactive approach to remediating human rights violations and preventing deforestation; and better address entrenched, systemic sustainability issues through landscape-level initiatives. Ultimately, however, including the cost of all externalities in market prices may be the clearest way to reward farmers, companies and consumers for sustainable choices.
Forest certification an answer to the challenge of sustainable forest management?
Authors:   Mid Sweden University, Thorning Anna , Mark-Herbert Cecilia ,   Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Published: December 2024

Eco-labelling forest products through forest certification is a market-driven tool with a global influence. It is also met with challenges in acceptance and diffusion among stakeholders. Here the authors aim to provide a synthesis of forest certification impact and place this in the context of small private forest owners. The chapter starts with an introduction to the concept of forest certification and important governance and operations characteristics. Continued with a discussion about the impact of forest certification and how it can deliver environmental, social, and financial value. The case study focuses on the group of small private forest owners and their motivations to adopt forest certification. This is followed by a discussion about the logic behind forest certification for small private owners and what this could mean for the future of forest certification.
https://shop.bdspublishing.com/store/bds/detail/product/3-190-9781835453100
Authors:   University of Lincoln, Manning Louise
Published: December 2024

The evolution of standards and certification in agri-food chains has taken place over nearly 40 years. The dynamics that led to this form of private governance have also changed over time. Contemporary issues such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and seeking to develop a food system that is resilient and sustainable has led to the emergence of new principles, practices and outcomes that the agri-food supply chain must deliver. This chapter reflects on these trends and the themes that run through the book to consider how we deliver safe, sustainable and socially responsible supply chains, now and into the future.
Hipertansiyon prevelansı ve ilişkili uç organ hasarı ;retrospektif tek merkez deneyimi
Authors: Özkan Oğuzcan , Duman Soner
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Hipertansiyon (HT) inme, miyokard enfarktüsü, konjestif kalp yetmezliği, periferik vasküler hastalık ve son dönem böbrek hastalığı için en yaygın görülen değiştirilebilen risk faktörüdür. Hipertansiyon prevalansı, sayısız epidemiyolojik çalışmada tutarlı bir şekilde bildirilmiştir. Çoğu sanayileşmiş ülkede yetişkin nüfus örneklerinde % 25-55 olarak tespit edilmiştir. İç Hastalıkları polikliniğimizde yaptığımız çalışmada polikliniğimize başvuran hastalarda hipertansiyon prevalansının ve uç organ hasarı oranlarının saptanması amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi İç Hastalıkları Polikliniğine Ağustos 2018-Mart 2019 tarihleri arasında başvuran hastaların biyokimyasal testleri ve konsültasyon notları retrospektif olarak Elektronik Hasta Dosyası üzerinden incelendi. Yaş, cinsiyet, sigara kullanımı, yaşadığı şehir, kullandığı antihipertasif ilaçlar, ek hastalıkları, biyokimyasal verileri, spot idrar ve tam idrar tetkiki, EKG, fundoskopik bakı gibi hipertansiyon ilişkili uç organ hasarı ile ilişkili verileri incelendi. İstatistiksel analiz için SPSS 25.0 programı kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya bu tarihler arasında polikliniğimize başvuran toplam 1267 hasta dahil edildi. Bunlardan 332 kişinin hipertansif 935 kişinin normotansif olduğu belirlendi ve iki grup oluşturuldu. Hipertansiyon prevalansı % 26.2, altı aylık hipertansiyon insidansı %12.5 saptandı. Hastaların %65 inin kadın olduğu ve yaş ortalaması 57±14 saptandı. Olguların % 40 ı poliklinikte kan basıncı ölçümü sırasında tanı alan hastalardı. Hipertansiyon ilişkili uç organ hasarı ile ilgili olarak bakılan EKG lerde Sokolow Lyon kriterlerine göre hastaların %12.3 ünde sol ventrikül hipertrofisi mevcuttu. Spot idrar verilerine göre proteinüri oranı %23 bulundu. Hipertansif retinopati oranı % 32.85 olarak bulundu. Hipertansif retinopati ile serebrovasküler olay sıklığı arasında yakın korelasyon gösteren bir ilişki saptandı. Serum total kolesterol düzeyi yüksek olan hipertansif hastalarda belirgin oranda hipertansif retinopati sıklığının arttığı saptandı.
Sonuç: Hipertansif retinopati ve SVO sıklığı arasında pozitif korelasyon gösteren bir ilişki saptadık. Hipertansiyon ilişkili LVH ile hipertansif retinopati arasında pozitif korelasyon gösteren bir ilişki saptadık. Fundoskopik bakı, 12 derivasyonlu EKG, spot idrar protein/kreatinin oranı tetkiklerinin tüm hipertansif hastalarda düzenli olarak yapılması gerektiğini düşünüyoruz. Bu sayede hipertansiyonun doğuracağı sekonder hastalıklar önlenebilir. Serum total kolesterol yüksekliği ile retinopati gelişimi arasında yakın bir ilişki saptadık. Tüm hipertansif hastaların lipid düzeylerinin görülerek gerekli tedaviye erken dönemde başlanması retinopati gelişmini engelleyebilir.
Results of patients who were followed up with special dressings without the use of drains after primary total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Akbulut Deniz , Aydın Abdurrahman , Coşkun Mehmet , Arslanoğlu Fatih
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study aimed to compare the clinical and functional results of patients who used drains with those who used compressive dressings without drains after tourniquetless total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for primary gonarthrosis.
Methods: Between January 2019 and June 2023, 316 patients who underwent total knee replacements were evaluated retrospectively. After excluding patients who used tourniquets, 120 patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Postoperative hemoglobin changes, early–late postoperative edema, pain, range of motion (ROM), clinical scores, and functional outcomes were evaluated and compared in 68 patients (18 males and 50 females) and 52 patients (11 males and 41 females).
Results: There was no significant difference in preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin values, 6th week Knee Society Score (KSS)–knee, and KSS-functional scores between patients with and without drains (p > 0.05). Although there was a statistically significant difference in ROM on the first postoperative day, there was no statistically significant difference in the postoperative second-week ROM. There was a significant difference in Day 1 and 3 visual analog scale (VAS) scores between patients with and without drains (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, using a drain after primary TKA is unnecessary. Although the clinical results of patients without a drain after total knee arthroplasty are similar to those with a drain, patients can be treated and followed up with compressive dressings without a drain.
Türkiye'deki iki referans yanık merkezinin üç yıllık veriler eşliğinde değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Çiçek Babür Uygar , Kocatakan Pınar
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, iki referans yanık merkezinin üç yıllık verileri değerlendirilerek epidemiyolojik bilgilerin analiz edilmesi ve yanık travmalarını önlemeye yönelik seçenekler sunulması amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Ankara Bilkent Şehir Hastanesi Erişkin Yanık Merkezi ve İzmir Bozyaka Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Yanık Merkezi’nde 2019, 2020 ve 2021 yıllarında yatarak tedavi gören toplam 1839 hastanın verileri (cinsiyet, yatarak tedavi gören hasta sayısı, %20 üzeri toplam vücut yanık alanı olan hasta sayısı, yanık derecesi, yanık nedeni, mortalite oranı ve yabancı uyruklu hasta sayısı) retrospektif olarak incelendi.
Bulgular: Toplam 1839 hastanın %62,1’i erkek, %37,9’u kadındı. Erkekler kadınlara oranla daha sık majör yanık travması geçirmiş idi. En fazla haşlanma yanığı (%54,5) görüldü. Ankara Bilkent Şehir Hastanesi Erişkin Yanık Merkezi’nde 2021’de 2019’a göre 2.derece yanık vakalarının arttığı, haşlanma nedenli yanıkların azaldığı, alev yanıklarının arttığı görüldü. İzmir Bozyaka Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Yanık Merkezi’nde 2019’da %2,8 olan 2.derece yanıklı hasta oranının 2020’de %3,5’e ve 2021’de ise %30,1’e yükseldiği tespit edildi. Kaba mortalite oranının İzmir Bozyaka Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Yanık Merkezi’nde yaklaşık 5 kat daha yüksek olduğu görüldü.
Sonuç: Yanık merkezleri ciddi yanık vakalarının tedavi ve takip edildiği en donanımlı yanık tedavi birimleridir. Mevcutta olan yanık yaralanmalarını önlemeye yönelik tedbirlerin etkisini değerlendirmek için yanık tedavi birimlerinde kayıtların eksiksiz ve düzenli bir şekilde tutulması hayati önem taşımaktadır.
İdiyopatik Pulmoner Fibroziste Seri Solunum Fonksiyon Testlerinin Prognozu Belirlemedeki Önemi "Retrospektif Analiz''
Authors: Önalan Tuğba , Moğulkoç Nesrin
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Çalışmamızın amacı; idiyopatik pulmoner fibrozisli (IPF) hastaların seri solunum fonksiyon testi (SFT) ölçüm parametrelerinin prognozu öngörmedeki değerini retrospektif olarak gözlemlemektir. İkincil olarak ise yaş, cinsiyet, sigara öyküsü, sistolik pulmoner arter basıncı (SPAB) yüksekliği gibi diğer değişkenlerle prognoz ve SFT parametreleri arasındaki ilişkiyi saptamaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 94 olgunun demografik verileri yanısıra ilk başvurudaki ve izlemdeki (6.ay, 12.ay, 24.ay, 36.ay, 48.ay ve 60.ay) SFT ölçümleri ve SPAB değerleri kaydedilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışma grubunun yaş ortalaması 62.8±10.3 olup %71.3’ü (67 olgu) erkektir. Ortalama izlem süreleri 41.03±27.02 aydır. Hastaların %59.4’ü (60 hasta) çalışma izleminde hayatını kaybetmiştir. Otuziki olgunun (%34) tanısı cerrahi akciğer biyopsisi ile doğrulanmıştır. Yaşın genel sağkalımla veya izlemdeki SFT kayıplarıyla ilişkisiz olduğu saptanmıştır. Ancak 50 yaş altı olgu grupta ortalama sağkalımın belirgin düşük olduğu gözlenmiştir (p=0.039). SPAB düzeyi yüksek olan olguların gerek genel sağkalım gerekse ekokardiyografi sonrası sağkalım sürelerinin anlamlı düşük olduğu saptanmış (p=0.006 ve p
Akut kolesistitin ciddi bir komplikasyonu olan safra kesesi perforasyonunun klinik yönetimi: yüksek volümlü tek merkez sonuçlarımız
Authors: Gümüş Tufan , Korucuk Ebubekir , Güler Erkan , Türk Tuğçe , Uğuz Alper
Published: December 2024

Amaç:

Safra kesesi perforasyonu akut kolesistitin(AK) morbidite ve mortalite oranlarını artıran en ciddi komplikasyonudur. Akut perfore kolesistit (APK) yönetiminde net bir algoritma olmamakla birlikte erken dönemde operasyona uygun olmayan hastalar konservatif takip edilebilmektedir.Çalışmamızda APK nedeniyle takip edilen hastaların sonuçlarını değerlendirerek klinik deneyimimizi sunmayı amaçladık.

Gereç ve yöntem

Çalışmaya Aralık 2018- Aralık 2023 yılları arasında AK nedeniyle kliniğimizde takip edilen 532 hasta dahil edildi. Safra kesesi perforasyonu olmayan hastalar dışlanarak 118 hastanın verileri retrospektif tarandı.

Bulgular

Hastaların 53(%44,9)’ü kadın, 65(%55,1) erkek idi. Ortalama yaş 67,7(23-93) idi. Hastaların 17(%14,4)’sine medikal tedavi,73(%61,9)’üne perkutan kolesistostomi (PK),15(%12,7)’ine PK uygulama sonrası operasyon ve 13(%11)’üne operasyon uygulandı. Operasyon uygulananların 13(%46,4)’ü interval dönemde, 15(%53,6)’i elektif opere edildi. Elektif operasyon planlanan hastalar ortalama APK tanısından 116 gün sonra opere edildi. Operasyon zamanlamasının yatış süresi, operasyon türü ve sağkalıma etkisi saptanmadı. Hastaların tedavi türleri ve laboratuar değerleri karşılaştırıldığında C-Reaktif Protein/Albumin (CRP/ALB) değerinin anlamlı olarak PK uygulananlarda daha yüksek olduğu görüldü(p=0,008). Hastaların 13(%11)’ü yatışında eksitus oldu. Eksitus olan hastaların yaş ortalaması 80,1 iken olmayanlarınki 66,1 olarak saptandı (p=0,0007). Bunların 11(%84,6)’ine PK uygulanırken 2(%15,4)’si yalnızca medikal tedavi ile takip edildi.

Sonuç

APK tanısı alan erken dönemde operasyona uygun olmayan hastalarda konservatif tedavi seçenekleri tercih edilebilmekte ancak PK uygulaması hastane yatış sürelerini uzatmaktadır. APK mevcut olan hastalarda hastaya spesifik tedavi tercihlerinin yapılmasının doğru olacağını düşünmekteyiz.
Yara iyileşmesi ve cilt rejenerasyonuna güncel bir yaklaşım: Kök hücre eksozom tedavisi
Authors: Taşkıran Ayşegül , Taşkıran Dilek
Published: December 2024

Yara iyileşme süreci, klinik uygulamada birtakım zorluklarla seyreden uzun bir süreç olup güncel tedavilerin etkileri halen sınırlıdır. Yara iyileşme süreci, hücrelerin göçü ve proliferasyonu, ekstraselüler matriksin yeniden şekillendirilmesi ve anjiyogenez ile ilişkilidir. Çeşitli risk faktörleri, kronik iltihaplanma ve bazı hastalıklar, yetersiz yara kapanmasına yol açarak fibrozisle sonuçlanabilecek bir yara izi oluşmasına neden olabilir. Son yıllarda, mezenkimal kök hücrelerin (MKH) yara iyileşmesi ve cilt yenilenmesi üzerinde güçlü terapötik potansiyele sahip olduğuna dair kanıtlar ortaya çıkmıştır. Ancak, MKH'lerin doğrudan uygulanmasında hala birçok sorunla karşılaşılmaktadır. Bununla birlikte son yıllarda, köken aldığı hücrelerden belirli bileşenler içeren lipid çift tabakalı membran yapısına sahip ve “granüler veziküller” olarak tanımlanan eksozomlar, MKH'ler için mükemmel bir alternatif olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Çeşitli çalışmalarda özellikle MKH'lerden türetilen eksozomların (MKHE) yaraların iyileşmesi ve cilt rejenerasyonu için faydalı olduğu gösterilmiştir. Eksozomların cilt yaralarını iyileştirme sürecinde etkili olduğu mekanizmalar arasında inflamasyonu hafifletmek, damar oluşumunu uyarmak, epitel hücreleri ve fibroblastların proliferasyon ve göçünü uyarmak yer almaktadır. Bu nedenle, MKHE uygulanması, cilt yaralarının tedavisinde hücre tedavisine umut verici bir alternatif olabilir ve aynı anda birden fazla mekanizma aracılığıyla yara iyileşmesini teşvik edebilir. Bu derlemede, MKH'lerden türetilen eksozomların yara iyileşmesinde ve cilt rejenerasyonundaki rolü ve mekanizmaları hakkında güncel bilgiler sunulacak ve MKHE’lerin klinik uygulamalardaki potansiyelleri ayrıntılı olarak ele alınacaktır.
Peripheral nerve injuries: Non-surgical treatment approaches
Authors: Özbek İlhan Celil
Published: December 2024

Dear Editor,
I read with great interest the review titled ‘Peripheral nerve injuries: current surgical management strategies’ written by Mr Orif et al. in Volume 63, Issue 3 of your journal dated 09 September 2024. I would like to thank the authors for their valuable contribution to this topic, which is of great interest to physicians interested in the musculoskeletal system and whose diagnosis and treatment is very important (1). Although the review focuses on surgical approaches, I would like to contribute and share my knowledge on non-surgical treatment methods from the perspective of a physiatrist.
Protestantismo na Amazônia
Authors: Andrade Allan Azevedo
Published: December 2024

O pastor metodista Justus Nelson ganhou grande destaque no Pará ao divulgar suas ideias e, consequentemente, polemizar com a Igreja Católica por meio dos jornais O Liberal do Pará, Diario de Noticias e A Republica. No intuito de cruzar os discursos dos jornais oitocentistas com as estruturas sociais vigentes, evidenciando o envolvimento entre sujeito e seu contexto por meio dos significados construídos, fiz uso dos pressupostos teóricos de Gramsci, aliado às fontes documentais, principalmente os periódicos do final do século XIX, juntamente com a bibliografia referente ao tema proposto. Com isso, minha intenção foi mostrar como a presença protestante, a partir dos discursos de Justus Nelson, foi notável em solo amazônico, abordando suas convicções religiosas e seus embates com a realidade político-jurídica da década de 1880.
Accessible Geology
Authors: Fumes Regiane Andrade , Delgado Nicole Fernanda , Ferreira Alexsandra Victória
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The universal right to access education faces challenges in ensuring an inclusive system, particularly for students with disabilities. Objective. This study focused on creating accessible educational materials for visually impaired individuals in the discipline of magmatic petrology within the geology course. Methodology. We utilized Braille printing, a fusor machine, “Multiplano”, a Braille labeler, and manual materials such as wood sticks, hot glue, and raised ink. Results and discussion. Practical activities involved handling samples and thin sections, with illustration diagrams printed using the fusor machine. Field practical classes enabled the observation of rocks in situ. The use of “Multiplan” in map creation complemented the learning process. Conclusion. We concluded that the developed materials were effective; continuous feedback from the student guided material improvements, fostering mutual learning exchange. This study also underscores the benefits of these materials for non-disabled students, promoting a more accessible and high-quality higher education for all.