bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation of Ultrasonic Induced Cavitation and Acoustic Streaming in Liquid and Solidifying Aluminum
Authors: Riedel Eric , Liepe Martin , Scharf Stefan
Published: April 2020

Ultrasonic treatment (UST), more precisely, cavitation and acoustic streaming, of liquid light metal alloys is a very promising technology for achieving grain and structure refinement, and therefore, better mechanical properties. The possibility of predicting these process phenomena is an important requirement for understanding, implementing, and scaling this technology in the foundry industry. Using an established (casting) computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-simulation tool, we studied the ability of this software to calculate the onset and expansion of cavitation and acoustic streaming for the aluminum alloy A356, partly depending on different radiator geometries. A key aspect was a holistic approach toward pressure distribution, cavitation, and acoustic streaming prediction, and the possibility of two- and (more importantly) three-dimensional result outputs. Our feasibility analysis showed that the simulation tool is able to predict the mentioned effects and that the results obtained are in good agreement with the results and descriptions of previous investigations. Finally, capabilities and limitations as well as future challenges for further developments are discussed.
Reply to Comment on Stefanescu, D.M.; Alonso, G.; Suarez, R. Recent Developments in Understanding Nucleation and Crystallization of Spheroidal Graphite in Iron-Carbon-Silicon Alloys. Metals 2020, 10, 221
Authors: Stefanescu Doru M. , Alonso Gorka , Suarez Ramon
Published: April 2020

In their comments, Lacaze and Castro-Roman [...]
Understanding Thermodynamic and Kinetic Stabilization of FeNiZr via Systematic High-Throughput In Situ XRD Analysis
Authors: Hernández-Rivera Efraín , Fudger Sean J. , Hornbuckle B. Chad , Roberts Anthony J. , Darling Kristopher A.
Published: April 2020

The role of kinetically and thermodynamically driven microstructural evolution on FeNiZr was explored through in situ XRD analysis. A statistical approach based on log-likelihoods and composite link model was used to fit and extract important data from the XRD patterns. Best practices on using the statistical approach to obtained quantitative information from the XRD patterns was presented. It was shown that the alloyed powder used in the current study presents more thermodynamic stability than previously reported ball-milled powders. Based on hardness values, it was shown that mechanical strength is expected to be retained at higher processing temperatures. Lastly, a 2-dimensional heat transfer model was used to understand heat flow through the powder compacts.
Drug Toxicity Evaluation Based on Organ-on-a-chip Technology: A Review
Authors: Cong Ye , Han Xiahe , Wang Youping , Chen Zongzheng , Lu Yao , Liu Tingjiao , Wu Zhengzhi , Jin Yu , Luo Yong , Zhang Xiuli
Published: April 2020

Organ-on-a-chip academic research is in its blossom. Drug toxicity evaluation is a promising area in which organ-on-a-chip technology can apply. A unique advantage of organ-on-a-chip is the ability to integrate drug metabolism and drug toxic processes in a single device, which facilitates evaluation of toxicity of drug metabolites. Human organ-on-a-chip has been fabricated and used to assess drug toxicity with data correlation with the clinical trial. In this review, we introduced the microfluidic chip models of liver, kidney, heart, nerve, and other organs and multiple organs, highlighting the application of these models in drug toxicity detection. Some biomarkers of toxic injury that have been used in organ chip platforms or have potential for use on organ chip platforms are summarized. Finally, we discussed the goals and future directions for drug toxicity evaluation based on organ-on-a-chip technology.
Tunable Thermal Transport Characteristics of Nanocomposites
Authors: Srivastava G. P. , Thomas Iorwerth O.
Published: April 2020

We present a study of tunable thermal transport characteristics of nanocomposites by employing a combination of a full-scale semi-ab inito approach and a generalised and extended modification of the effective medium theory. Investigations are made for planar superlattices (PSLs) and nanodot superlattices (NDSLs) constructed from isotropic conductivity covalent materials Si and Ge, and NDSLs constructed from anisotropic conductivity covalent-van der Waals materials MoS 2 and WS 2 . It is found that difference in the conductivities of individual materials, period size, volume fraction of insertion, and atomic-level interface quality are the four main parameters to control phonon transport in nanocomposite structures. It is argued that the relative importance of these parameters is system dependent. The equal-layer thickness Si/Ge PSL shows a minimum in the room temperature conductivity for the period size of around 4 nm, and with a moderate amount of interface mass smudging this value lies below the conductivity of SiGe alloy.
Miniaturized GaAs Nanowire Laser with a Metal Grating Reflector
Authors: Wei Wei , Yan Xin , Zhang Xia
Published: April 2020

This work proposed a miniaturized nanowire laser with high end-facet reflection. The high end-facet reflection was realized by integrating an Ag grating between the nanowire and the substrate. Its propagation and reflection properties were calculated using the finite elements method. The simulation results show that the reflectivity can be as high as 77.6% for a nanowire diameter of 200 nm and a period of 20, which is nearly three times larger than that of the nanowire without a metal grating reflector. For an equal length of nanowire with/without the metal grating reflector, the corresponding threshold gain is approximately a quarter of that of the nanowire without the metal grating reflector. Owing to the high reflection, the length of the nanowire can be reduced to 0.9 μm for the period of 5, resulting in a genuine nanolaser, composed of nanowire, with three dimensions smaller than 1 μm (the diameter is 200 nm). The proposed nanowire laser with a lowered threshold and reduced dimensions would be of great significance in on-chip information systems and networks.
The Relation of CUN-BAE Index with Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference in Adults Aged 50 to 85 Years: The MCC-Spain Study
Authors: Davila-Batista Veronica , Molina Antonio J. , Fernández-Villa Tania , Romaguera Dora , Pérez-Gómez Beatriz , Vilorio-Marqués Laura , Dierssen-Sotos Trinidad , Altzibar Jone M. , Moreno Victor , Ardanaz Eva , Salcedo-Bellido Inmaculada , Fernández-Tardon Guillermo , Capelo Rocio , Salas Dolores , Marcos-Gragera Rafael , Huerta José María , de Sanjosé Silvia , Sierra María Ángeles , Canga-Presa José M. , Gómez-Acebo Ines , Amiano Pilar , Pollan Marina , Aragones Nuria , Castaño-Vinyals Gemma , Kogevinas Manolis , Martín Vicente ,   on behalf of MCC-Spain study group
Published: April 2020

Backgound: Traditional anthropometrics such as body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference (WC) do not fully capture the complex biology of body fat (BF) in the elderly. The Clinica Universidad de Navarra-Body Adiposity Estimator (CUN-BAE) index, based on BMI, is proposed as a better indicator of BF. However, its relation with BMI is not clear. The aim was to compare the agreement between CUN-BAE, BMI, and WC in those aged ≥50 years. Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 3153 Caucasian healthy adults was taken from the MCC-Spain study. The Pearson’s correlation and its 95% confidence interval (CI), adiposity distribution, and Kappa Index (95%CI) were calculated. Results: The correlation of CUN-BAE with WC is 0.18 (95%CI 0.14–0.21) and that with BMI is moderate (r 0.58; 95%CI 0.55–0.60), but both increased strongly by sex. Agreement (normal weight/overweight/obesity) of CUN-BAE with BMI is 7% and with WC is 18%. Conclusions: The correlation and the degree of agreement of CUN-BAE with BMI and WC are low in individuals aged over 50, but it is higher by sex. Thus, this different criterion of obesity may have clinical applications. More studies with a gold standard are needed to evaluate the CUN-BAE in elderly adults.
Impact of Nutrition on Short-Term Exercise-Induced Sirtuin Regulation: Vegans Differ from Omnivores and Lacto-Ovo Vegetarians
Authors: Potthast Arne Björn , Nebl Josefine , Wasserfurth Paulina , Haufe Sven , Eigendorf Julian , Hahn Andreas , Das Anibh
Published: April 2020

Both nutrition and exercise are known to affect metabolic regulation in humans. Sirtuins are essential regulators of cellular energy metabolism; SIRT1, SIRT3, and SIRT4 have a direct effect on glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and fatty acid oxidation. This cross-sectional study investigates the effect of different diets on exercise-induced regulation of sirtuins. SIRT1 and SIRT3–SIRT5 were measured in blood from omnivorous, lacto-ovo vegetarian, and vegan recreational runners (21–25 subjects, respectively) before and after exercise at the transcript, protein, and enzymatic levels. SIRT1, SIRT3, and SIRT5 enzyme activities increased during exercise in omnivores and lacto-ovo vegetarians, commensurate with increased energy demand. However, activities decreased in vegans. Malondialdehyde as a surrogate marker of oxidative stress inversely correlated with sirtuin activities and was elevated in vegans after exercise compared to both other groups. A significant negative correlation of all sirtuins with the intake of the antioxidative substances, ascorbate and tocopherol, was found. In vegan participants, increased oxidative stress despite higher amounts of the antioxidative substances in the diet was observed after exercise.
Inhibition of Fast Nerve Conduction Produced by Analgesics and Analgesic Adjuvants—Possible Involvement in Pain Alleviation
Authors: Kumamoto Eiichi
Published: April 2020

Nociceptive information is transmitted from the periphery to the cerebral cortex mainly by action potential (AP) conduction in nerve fibers and chemical transmission at synapses. Although this nociceptive transmission is largely inhibited at synapses by analgesics and their adjuvants, it is possible that the antinociceptive drugs inhibit nerve AP conduction, contributing to their antinociceptive effects. Many of the drugs are reported to inhibit the nerve conduction of AP and voltage-gated Na+ and K+ channels involved in its production. Compound action potential (CAP) is a useful measure to know whether drugs act on nerve AP conduction. Clinically-used analgesics and analgesic adjuvants (opioids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, α2-adrenoceptor agonists, antiepileptics, antidepressants and local anesthetics) were found to inhibit fast-conducting CAPs recorded from the frog sciatic nerve by using the air-gap method. Similar actions were produced by antinociceptive plant-derived chemicals. Their inhibitory actions depended on the concentrations and chemical structures of the drugs. This review article will mention the inhibitory actions of the antinociceptive compounds on CAPs in frog and mammalian peripheral (particularly, sciatic) nerves and on voltage-gated Na+ and K+ channels involved in AP production. Nerve AP conduction inhibition produced by analgesics and analgesic adjuvants is suggested to contribute to at least a part of their antinociceptive effects.
What Can Faith-Based Forms of Violent Conflict Prevention Teach Us About Liberal Peace?
Authors: Payne Laura
Published: April 2020

Faith-based actors are often recognised as contributors to both conflict and peace. However, their work to prevent violent conflict, rather than bring an end to or recover from it, is largely unexplored. This is despite the growth of conflict prevention as a global social norm and field of practice. Based on collaborative research with faith groups and organisations in Nigeria, the Solomon Islands and Zanzibar (Tanzania), this paper examines faith-based forms of violent conflict prevention. It argues that faith-based approaches exist on a spectrum, from instinctive and ad hoc initiatives run by individuals and local places of worship to large-scale, systematised interventions led by global faith-based development organisations. Yet, while faith-based approaches to violent conflict prevention vary in form and function, they are consistent and distinctive in their emphasis on building resilient relationships at the local level, modelling forms of prevention embedded within local culture and that recognise the emotional and spiritual dimensions of transformative change. Faith-based approaches offer insights valuable to the wider conflict prevention field, which is increasingly critiqued for its liberal underpinnings and emphasis on technical and technological solutionism. Lessons emerge for others implementing prevention programmes, who could adapt elements of the unhurried, values-led, relationally sensitive approach demonstrated by some faith-based actors, albeit within their own structural limitations. Policymakers should support such adaptations and expand their view of prevention to explicitly include faith-based forms of activity, as to do otherwise risks missing opportunities and reproducing existing failures.
Returning Faith to Knowledge: Earthlings after the Anthropocene
Authors: Bauman Whitney A.
Published: April 2020

The technologies of the Anthropocene are based upon Modern certainties. These technologies of a reductive and productive model of science create the worlds in which we live, in the image of a particular human being: the modern, western anthropos (with its raced, sexed, and gendered body). This article explores some of the technologies of the Anthropocene, and the environmental and social problems they give rise to. Finally, this article argues for the development of multiple planetary technologies based in uncertainty about the planetary future, that open humans onto more just and ecologically sound possibilities for planetary becoming.
Sistem Informasi Penerimaan Peserta Didik Baru Online Berbasis Website di Yayasan Pendidikan Arya Jaya Sentika
Authors: Hidayat Taufik , Muttaqin Mahmudin , Djamaludin Djamaludin
Published: April 2020

Penerimaan Peserta Didik Baru merupakan langkah awal dalam manajemen pelayanan sekolah kepada masyarakat dalam dunia pendidikan. Bagaimana sebuah sekolah melakukan promosi produk dan sekaligus pelayanan prima diawali dari penerimaan peserta didik, selanjutnya siswa/orang tua akan endapatkan akses portal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode waterfall dalam melakukan rancang bangun sistem informasi penerimaan peserta didik baru, metode waterfall adalah suatu metode yang merupakan perancangan System Development Life Cycle (SDLC), dimana perancangan diawali dengan requirement, design, implementation, verification dan maintenance. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara, dan studi literature. PHP (HyperText Markup Language) merupakan Bahasa pemograan berbasis website bersifat server-side,yang berarti kode program PHP diproses seluruhnya di dalam web server. MySQL merupakan bahasa yang memiliki kemampuan cukup baik untuk menunjang kerja para developer, baik User yang sudah berpengalaman dengan database maupun untuk pemula. Dengan sistem informasi penerimaan peserta didik baru online berbasis website, akan membantu dan memudahkan dalam komunikasi data serta informasi antara orang tua calon peserta didik dengan lembaga pendidikan. Hasil pengujian aplikasi menunjukan tingkat kebutuhan terhadap sistem informasi penerimaan peserta didik baru online berbasis website menyentuh nilai 78%.
Using Gamification in a Teaching Innovation Project at the
University of Alcalá: A New Approach to Experimental Science
Practices
Authors: Carrillo Dolores López , García Amelia Calonge , Laguna Teresa Rodríguez , Magán Germán Ros , Moreno José Alberto Lebrón
Published: April 2020

Pre‑service teachers frequently express negative prejudices
towards science and the methodologies traditionally used during
their training. Gamification is a booming technology based on
combining the psychological aspects, mechanics and dynamics of a
game in non‑ludic environments. The use of gamification has shown
good outcomes in terms of increasing students´ motivation towards
the sciences. In this study, new laboratory practices were developed
under the umbrella of gamification methodology for pre‑service
teachers. The general objectives were to eliminate negative
prejudices, fear and rejection attitudes towards science, to foster
the conceptual and procedural learning of science among students and
to provide students with real‑life examples and an experience of
applying gamification themselves. First, the theoretical basis of
the main components and dynamics of gamification in the Education
context are summarized. Secondly, their application in a specific
subject from the curriculum for the Teaching Training in Primary
Education degree (Didactics of Natural Science (DNS), 3rd year) are
presented. The methodology was applied twice in laboratory practice
in two consecutive academic years: 2017/2018 (5 groups, 150 students
) and 2018/2019 (6 groups, 183 students) . The steps, dynamics,
components and the tools used for the gamification experience are
described (i.e. Kahoot, Class Dojo). Several pre and post‑tests were
carried out to explore: (i) the students’ relationship with games;
(ii) their preferred role as players; (iii) their assessment of the
different elements involved in the gamification methodology; (iv)
their motivation towards science laboratories attitude and (v) their
self‑perception with regards to their newly acquired skills to put
gamification into practice in their professional future.
A Participatory Co‑creation Model to Drive Community
Engagement in Rural Indigenous Schools: A Case Study in
Sarawak
Authors: Minoi Jacey-Lynn , Mohamad Fitri , Arnab Sylvester , Phoa John , Morini L. , Beaufoy J. , Lim T. , Clarke S.
Published: April 2020

This paper presents the formulated ‘play‑to‑engage’ model
for indigenous community engagement that incorporates factors in
cultural protocols and game design thinking. The hybrid model of the
participatory co‑creation model was formulated in the study that had
been rolled out in two rural primary schools in West Borneo. These
schools are located in remote villages, away from urban amenities,
and technological affordances and resources are limited. There are
more than twenty culturally‑diversed indigenous tribes in Borneo.
Although it is a known fact that indigenous cultures, including
those in Borneo, have many cultural protocols and distinctive custom
practices, it is still a challenge for researchers who work with
such communities to understand, adhere to and follow the cultural
protocols. The model looks at incorporating gameplay and culture
protocols to drive community engagement. Since play is universal,
the creation of a trustworthy partnership between the community and
researchers was established through the use of play during the
engagement process. Narratives captured in the study represented
reflection, problem solving and creativity in the interactions with
the indigenous communities, based on the developed indicators of the
‘play‑to‑engage’ model.
Spectrum-based Fault Localization Techniques Application on Multiple-Fault Programs: A Review
Authors: Zakari Abubakar , Abdullahi Shamsu , Shagari Nura Modi , Tambawal Abubakar Bello , Shanono Nuruddeen Musa , Maitama Jaafar Zubairu , Rasheed Rasheed Abubakar , Adamu Alhassan , Abdulrahman Salish Mamman
Published: April 2020

Software fault localization is one of the most tedious and costly activities in program debugging in the endeavor to identify faults locations in a software program. In this paper, the studies that used spectrum-based fault localization (SBFL) techniques that makes use of different multiple fault localization debugging methods such as one-bug-at-a-time (OBA) debugging, parallel debugging, and simultaneous debugging in localizing multiple faults are classified and critically analyzed in order to extensively discuss the current research trends, issues, and challenges in this field of study. The outcome strongly shows that there is a high utilization of OBA debugging method, poor fault isolation accuracy, and dominant use of artificial faults that limit the existing techniques applicability in the software industry.
Medición y gestión del capital intelectual en la industria del cuero - calzado en Ecuador
Authors: Erazo-Álvarez Juan Carlos , Narváez-Zurita Cecilia Ivonne
Published: April 2020

En el Ecuador se busca un proceso de transformación productiva que permita avanzar hacia un mayor crecimiento y equidad, que son tareas que dependen del capital humano de los países, de la capacidad de las personas para resolver nuevos problemas mediante el ejercicio de conocimientos, competencias y habilidades adquiridas que elevan su productividad y su calidad de vida. En la industria de cuero y calzado de la provincia de Tungurahua se necesita elevar la efectividad organizacional de manera tal que contribuya al desarrollo de las estrategias en el cambio de la matriz productiva para lo que lo se plantea como objetivo la medición y gestión del capital intelectual del sector. La investigación es de tipo no experimental, de tipo mixta y de alcance descriptivo – explicativo. Los resultados más relevantes se presentan de acuerdo a la perspectiva de los clientes, empleados y dueños de los negocios.
El COVID 19: Impacto psicológico en los seres humanos
Authors: Piña-Ferrer Lenys
Published: April 2020

El estudio  se desarrolló con el  propósito de analizar los impactos psicológicos que produce el COVID 19 en los seres humanos. Es una investigación de carácter analítica, exploratoria con diseño documental, bibliográfico, a fin de comprender el significado y efectos que produce en los individuos esta enfermedad. Entendiendo que los individuos al ser sometidos a situaciones de incertidumbre por lo general, presentan reacciones de diverso índole psicológico. En cuanto a sus resultados por ser una enfermedad contagiosa es importante la educación no solo por parte de los organismos del Estado sino también de los miembros del grupo familiar y del paciente en si para evitar caer en estados depresivos o síntomas estresores puesto que los mismos pueden durar desde meses hasta años.
Sign of Hall coefficient in nearest-neighbor hopping conduction in heavily Al-doped p-type 4H-SiC
Authors: Matsuura Hideharu , Takeshita Akinobu , Hidaka Atsuki , Ji Shiyang , Eto Kazuma , Mitani Takeshi , Kojima Kazutoshi , Kato Tomohisa , Yoshida Sadafumi , Okumura Hajime
Published: April 2020

We have observed negative Hall coefficients [R
H(T)] in a nearest-neighbor hopping (NNH) conduction region in epilayers of heavily Al-doped or Al–N co-doped p-type 4H-SiC grown on n-type 4H-SiC substrates by CVD or in wafers of heavily Al–N co-doped p-type 4H-SiC fabricated by solution growth. We propose a simple physical model to explain the sign of R
H(T) in NNH conduction. According to this model, R
H(T) becomes positive when the Fermi level (E
F) is higher than the Al acceptor level (E
Al), that is, the Fermi–Dirac distribution function f(E
Al) is greater than 0.5, whereas R
H(T) becomes negative when E
F is lower than E
Al, which occurs at low temperatures. Because the dominant conduction mechanisms in heavily Al-doped or Al–N co-doped p-type 4H-SiC with Al concentrations on the order of 1019 cm−3 are band and NNH conduction at high and low temperatures, respectively, the proposed model can explain why R
H(T) becomes negative at low temperatures.
PERAN PENYULUH PERTANIAN LAPANGAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRODUKSI PADI SAWAH (Oryza sativa L.) DI KELURAHAN PULAU ATAS KECAMATAN SAMBUTAN KOTA SAMARINDA	(The Role of Field Agriculture Instructor to Increase Wetland Paddy Production (Oryza sativa L.) in Pulau Atas Urban Village Sambutan Subcity Samarinda City)
Authors: ANAS ANAS , JURAEMI JURAEMI
Published: April 2020

The increase of wetland paddy production (Oryza sativa  L.) is influenced by the activity of counseling by Field Agriculture Instructor (FAI). This study aimed to know the role of FAI to increase wetland paddy production in Pulau Atas Urban Village, Sambutan Subcity, Samarinda City. This research was carried out during four months from August to September 2017. Determination of respondent number was done by proportional random sampling method with the number of respondents of 31 farmers. The role of FAI to increase wetland paddy production was known by  Chi Square test. The research results show FAI has role to increase wetland paddy production (Oryza sativa   L.) in Pulau Atas Urban Village, Sambutan Subcity, Samarinda City, based on the result of data analysis that showed  χ2calculate (36.07) > χ2table (5.59).
ХИТОЙ ТИЛИ СТИЛИСТИК ВОСИТАСИ — МEТАФОРАДА ХИТОЙ АНЪАНАВИЙ МАДАНИЯТИНИНГ АКС ЭТИШИ
Authors: ERGASHEVA Mahliyohon
Published: April 2020

Хитой тили стилистик воситалардан бири бўлмиш метафора — хитой анъанавий аграр жамияти тарихий тараққиётинг мадиний меросидир. У анъанавий аграр жамият маданияти ғояларини ўзида намоён қилиб, ҳис-туйғулар ва муносабатларнинг ўзаро дўстона асосда шаклланишига эътибор бериб келмоқда. Эътиборга молик бўлган авлодлар ўртасидаги субординациянинг ички хусусиятларини ўзида намоён этади, турфа хил шу билан бир ўринда мураккаб бўлмиш маданий қарашларга (концепция) бардош бериб келяпти. Хитойликларнинг ўзига хос миллий феъл-атвори ва анъанавий уруғ тизимидаги аграр қадриятларига чуқур назар билан қарамоқда. Метафора инсонлар энг кўп фойдаланадиган ва инсоният томонидан яратилган энг қадимги стилистик воситадир. Метафоранинг шаклланиш ва ривожланишида ўзига хос хусусиятлари ва ўрни мавжуддир. Бундай ривожланиш, албатта, халқларнинг жамият маданияти ва миллат руҳидан айро ҳолда бўла олмайди. Халқларнинг ривожланиш босқичлари ва маданиятлари ҳал хил бўлганлигидан бу нарса уларнинг тилига ўз таъсирини кўрсатган. Бир маданиятда айтилган ифода бошқа маданиятда ўзга маънони англатиши мумкин. Ушбу мақолада метафоранинг айнан шундай жамият тараққиёти жараёнида жамият маданияти билан бўлган алоқаларини ҳамда метафорада ўзида мужассам этган Хитой анъанавий маданиятини моҳиятларини кўриб чиққанмиз. Мақолада биз Хитой тили метафорасида келтирилган фақат хитойликларга хос бўлган ҳусусиятларга чуқур эътибор берганмиз ҳамда унинг келиб чиқиш сабабларига тушунтиришлар бериб ўтганмиз. Ҳозирги кунда шарқ тилларидан бир бўлмиш хитой тилини кўплаб ёшлар ўрганиб келмоқда. Ўз она тилимизда хитой тили ва унинг грамматикасига оид маълумот, мақолалар етарлича топилади. Аммо хитой тили стилистикаси ва стилистик воситаларининг унинг маданиятига оид жабҳалари кам ўрганилиб келинмоқда. Тадқиқотимизда кўпроқ Хитой халқ маданиятига хос бўлган мисолларни келтиришга ва уларни таҳлил қилишга эътибор берилди. Ўйлаймизки, ушбу тадқиқот иши ҳозирда хитой тили ва Хитой маданиятини ўрганувчи ёшлар учун амалий қўлланма бўлиб хизмат қилади.
GHRELIN GENE POLYMORPHISMS AND EXPRESSION BOND WITH SOME GROWTH AND CARCASS TRAITS OF ROSS 308 BROILER CHICKENS
Authors: & et al. Joody
Published: April 2020

This experiment was conducted to study the association of Ghrelin gene polymorphisms and expression levels with some productive and carcass traits of broiler chickens. Two hundred broiler chicks, one day old Ross308, were wing-tagged and reared under conventional conditions. Blood samples were collected individually of all birds to study of ghrelin gene polymorphisms by PCR-RFLP technique. Proventriculus was collected at 35 days of age from thirty birds of each groups sorted according to high, moderate and low growth rate to measure ghrelin gene expression by real-time RT-PCR. Result revealed that final body weight and weight gain were not significantly influenced by ghrelin gene , whereas body weight and weight gain of males and females with high ghrelin gene expression were significantly (p<0.01) higher than those of moderate and low ghrelin gene expression at  21 and 35 days of age. Ghrelin gene polymorphisms had no    significant (p>0.05) influence on carcass traits and edible organ weights, while significant (P < 0.01) differences were existed among high, moderate and low ghrelin gene expression groups  in carcass weight, breast, wing, neck and back relative weights. It is concluded that PCR- RFLP technique revealed no  significant effect for ghrelin gene polymorphisms on productive and carcass traits, whereas ghrelin gene expression had significant effect on productive traits.
IoT programming to Develop Self Driving Robotics Car using OpenCV and Other Emerging Technologies
Authors: Maaz Mohammed , Mohammed Sabah
Published: April 2020

The advancement of Artificial Intelligence & Deep Learning has catalyzed the field of technology. The progression in these fields is exponentially increasing, and the discoveries which were once just an imagination are now changed into reality. The evolution of cars each year has made a lot of difference in people travelling from one place to another. One such reform involving Artificial Intelligence & Deep Learning is the birth of a self-driving car. The future is here where one can reach their destination hassle-free safely without the fear of accidents. This paper introduces a practical model of the self-driving robotics car, which can travel from one position to another on different types of tracks. A Pi-camera module is attached with the help of Raspberry Pi, which sends series of image frames to the Convolutional neural network, which then foretells the car to move in a specific direction, i.e. right, left, forward and reverse direction. The outcome is the robotics car, which travels in the desired direction without any individual effort.
Finding COVID-19 from Chest X-rays using Deep Learning on a Small Dataset
Authors: Hall Lawrence , Goldgof Dmitry , Paul Rahul , Goldgof Gregory M.
Published: April 2020

Testing for COVID-19 has been unable to keep up with the demand. Further, the false negative rate is projected to be as high as 30% and test results can take some time to obtain. X-ray machines are widely available and provide images for diagnosis quickly. This paper explores how useful chest X-ray images can be in diagnosing COVID-19 disease. We have obtained 135 chest X-rays of COVID-19 and 320 chest X-rays of viral and bacterial pneumonia.

 A pre-trained deep convolutional neural network, Resnet50 was tuned on 102 COVID-19 cases and 102 other pneumonia cases in a 10-fold cross validation. The results were

 an overall accuracy of 89.2% with a COVID-19 true positive rate of 0.8039 and an AUC of 0.95. Pre-trained Resnet50 and VGG16 plus our own small CNN were tuned or trained on a balanced set of COVID-19 and pneumonia chest X-rays. An ensemble of the three types of CNN classifiers was applied to a test set of 33 unseen COVID-19 and 218 pneumonia cases. The overall accuracy was 91.24% with the true positive rate for COVID-19 of 0.7879 with 6.88% false positives for a true negative rate of 0.9312 and AUC of 0.94.

 This preliminary study has flaws, most critically a lack of information about where in the disease process the COVID-19 cases were and the small data set size. More COVID-19 case images at good resolution will enable a better answer to the question of how useful chest X-rays can be for diagnosing COVID-19.
Control Environment Gardening
Authors: Ansari Mahpara , Fiaidhi Jinan , Kannappan Rakshanda
Published: April 2020

This work is primarily
about to automatically irrigate water, automatically on/off light when
necessary, eventually consuming water, light and monitor climatic changes such
as temperature/humidity.

It also approaches to measure the consumed resources
(water, light energy) consumed to track of business in general as well as
equipment efficiency. The proposed system approaches to automatically irrigate
water, automatically on/off light when necessary, eventually consuming water,
light and monitor climatic changes such as temperature/humidity.
Adult Nigerian with Untreated Pentalogy of Fallot: A Case Report
Authors: OM Akinlade , JA Ogunmodede , OA Adeyemi , WO Yusuf , RO Awodun , YA Ayoola , IA Yusuf , PM Kolo
Published: April 2020

Pentalogy of Fallot is a congenital cardiac defect comprising infundibular stenosis of the pulmonary artery, overriding aorta, ventricular septal defect, right ventricular hypertrophy and atrial septal defect. It is one of the most common cyanotic congenital heart defects with detrimental consequences if left untreated. We present the case of a 25-year-old female artisan and stroke survivor who was admitted with episodes of recurrent dizziness. She was diagnosed with the pentalogy of Fallot after echocardiography and awaiting cardiac repair surgery.
STUDI TENTANG FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENENTU BOND RATING PADA INDUSTRI PROPERTI, REAL ESTATE DAN PERUSAHAAN KONTRUKSI BANGUNAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI PERIODE 2013-2017
Authors: Permana Tatiek Ekawati , Mochammad Chaerudin Ruli , Wiyono Darul
Published: April 2020

Abstrak - Peringkat obligasi berguna untuk investor dan penerbit, yang memberikan informasi tentang kemampuan perusahaan untuk membayar obligasi wajib seperti kupon dan nilai nominal. Ketika suatu pemeringkat menyatakan peringkat obligasi suatu obligasi mengalami kenaikan (upgrade) artinya pemeringkat melihat kinerja perusahaan baik. Sebaliknya jika peringkat obligasi mengalami penurunan (downgrade) memperlihatkan kinerja perusahaan tersebut mengalami penurunan. Tingkat rating semakin tinggi maka hal tersebut menunjukkan kemampuan penerbit obligasi untuk membayar utangnya semakin tinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor penentu Bond Rating dengan menggunakan CEO power, Leverage, Size dan Profitabilitas sebagai penentu bond rating, dan menentukan mana dari variabel paling penting yang memiliki pengaruh kuat pada perusahaan. Sampel penelitian ini adalah perusahaan properti, real estate dan perusahaan konstruksi bangunan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2013-2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis data panel untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor penentu Bond Rating (CEO power, Leverage, ukuran perusahaan dan profitabilitas) di Bursa Efek Indonesia dengan sampel sebanyak 9 perusahaan yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling periode 2013-2017. Hasil uji empiris menunjukkan bahwa leverage berpengaruh negatif terhadap peringkat oligasi (Bond Rating).

Abstract - Bond ratings are useful for investors and publishers, who provide information about the company's ability to pay mandatory bonds such as coupons and nominal value. When a rating states that the rating of bonds in a bond is upgraded, the rating considers the company's performance to be good. Conversely, if there is a decrease in bond rating (downgrade), it shows that the company's performance has decreased. The higher the rating level, the higher the ability of the bond issuer to pay its debt. The purpose of this research is to identify the determinants of Bond Rating by using CEO power, Leverage, Size and Profitability as a determinant of bond rating, and determine which of the most important variables that have a strong influence on the company. The sample of this research is property companies, real estate and building construction companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2013-2017. This study uses panel data analysis method to determine the determinants of Bond Rating (CEO power, Leverage, company size and profitability) on the Indonesia Stock Exchange with a sample of 9 companies selected using a purposive sampling technique for the period 2013-2017. The empirical test results show that leverage negatively affects the bond rating.
A buried glaciofluvial channel in the Anděl Col, Northern Bohemia: new evidence for the Middle Pleistocene ice sheets extent in Western Sudetes
Authors: Černá Barbora , Nývlt Daniel , Engel Zbyněk
Published: April 2020

This study presents a new finding of glaciofluvial sediments filling a buried channel in the Anděl Col (522 m a.s.l.) in the Jizera Mts., on the Czech-Polish border. At least 550 m long and 55–100 m wide channel filled by glaciofluvial sediments was determined by geophysical methods in the lowermost part of the col. The base of the channel was found at a depth of 14–19 m under the present ground surface, descending from east to west draining the ice sheet front in the same direction. The channel is incised in the bedrock representing thus a Nye channel and is filled by >13 m of glaciofluvial sand, gravel and mud, which is covered by 1–2 m thick colluvial deposits. The large part of the glaciofluvial package was deposited in subglacial environment reflecting the ice sheet decay events of higher release of the material from the ice sheet. The upper glaciofluvial part of sediments was deposited in front of the slowly decaying ice sheet front. No subglacial tills have been found in the col area, which is not unusual for such an exposed site. We reconstruct the maximum altitude limit of the ice sheet in the col as being at least at ~540 m and the ice thickness in the Anděl Col being few tens of metres. The Anděl Col is the highest known area in Northern Bohemia covered by an ice sheet and improves thus our knowledge about the maximum vertical extent of Middle Pleistocene ice sheets in Western Sudetes.
Space and War, Constants and Change from a Historical Perspective
Authors: Kofroň Jan
Published: April 2020

This article highlights an understudied phenomenon: the relationship between space and war. War has been waged in space and over space; hence this relationship constitutes an important, yet, among geographers, rather neglected issue. The broader significance of war is evident in the fact that war has formed important features of the modern political and social world. The relationship between war and space is presented at two main levels, tactical and strategic. It is argued that despite many changes in relations between war and space, physical space remains a key issue in any war and, as such, geographers should examine it. Such an examination cannot be limited to critical approaches or geographers will fall short in competition with scholars from other fields of the social sciences.
Técnicas activas para la enseñanza de la educación superior en el proceso pedagógico intra-aula
Authors: Cedeño Mendoza Fabrina Monserrate , Jarre Cedeño Gilberto Antonio , Macías Cedeño Raquel Inés , Jarre Vera Gilberto Rafael
Published: April 2020

El presente es un estudio que enfatiza la investigación de técnicas para la enseñanza de la educación superior en el proceso pedagógico intra-aula, el mismo que se respalda bajo los objetivos: a) Incidencia y monitoreo de la aplicación de técnicas activas en el proceso pedagógico de la educación superior, b) Evaluación de técnicas activas en el proceso pedagógico intra-aula. Básicamente hacer que el estudiante de educación superior piense productivamente, desarrollando su razonamiento, enseñándole a enfrentar situaciones nuevas, brindando la oportunidad de involucrarse en la clase para que el aprendizaje sea más interesante, y de esta manera equipar al estudiante con estrategias para resolver problemas, proporcionándole técnicas que sirvan de ayuda en su perfeccionamiento profesional. El tratamiento metodológico de la investigación está basado en las siguientes modalidades: bibliográfica, de Campo, y Cuasi- experimental. Además, se usó los siguientes tipos de investigación: exploratorio, el descriptivo, el analítico, el sintético. Los resultados exteriorizan que los docentes de educación superior si aplican técnicas pedagógicas activas en los diferentes procesos de la gestión educativa, llegando a la conclusión que los docentes si aplican  técnicas  en el proceso pedagógico intra-aula,  las mismas que facilitan el aprendizaje significativo de los estudiantes garantizando la calidad de educación, esto fue también exteriorizado por los estudiantes quienes afirman que la aplicación de técnicas  por parte de los docentes ayuda a resolver problemas de la vida cotidiana.
IDH1 R132H gene mutation reduces cell proliferation and sensitizes recurrent Glioblastoma to hydrogen peroxide
Authors: GOH Wei Chiang , SHAMSUDDIN Shaharum , IDRIS Badrisyah , IDRIS Zamzuri , AHMAD Farizan
Published: April 2020

Glioblastoma (GBM) recurrence rate is 90% resulting in 15 months median survival only. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutations in gliomas significantly improved patient’s prognosis. Therefore, understanding common IDH1 mutation, IDH1 R132H in recurrent GBM is necessary to improve poor survival rate. IDH1 R132H recurrent GBM was developed to investigate cell proliferation rate and sensitivity towards oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide. The cell death mechanism induced by hydrogen peroxide were further investigated. Malaysian recurrent GBM cell line was authenticated via Short Tandem Repeat and screened for IDH1 gene via PCR. IDH1 R132H gene expression in GBM was confirmed via real-time PCR and western blot. The effect of IDH1 R132H mutation on cell proliferation rate and cytotoxicity using hydrogen peroxide were determined using MTT assay. The angiogenesis, apoptotic genes and cell cycle induced by hydrogen peroxide in IDH1 wild-type GBM were determined via real-time PCR and flow-cytometry. Malaysian GBM cell line is unique and harbors IDH1 wild-type gene. IDH1 R132H gene mutation significantly reduced the growth rate and sensitized the GBM cells to hydrogen peroxide at 72 hours (p
Direct borylation of terrylene and quaterrylene
Authors: Kano Haruka , Uehara Keiji , Matsuo Kyohei , Hayashi Hironobu , Yamada Hiroko , Aratani Naoki
Published: April 2020

The preparation of large rylenes often needs the use of solubilizing groups along the rylene backbone, and all the substituents of the terrylenes and quaterrylenes were introduced before creating the rylene skeleton. In this work, we successfully synthesized 2,5,10,13-tetrakis(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)terrylene (TB4) by using an iridium-catalyzed direct borylation of C–H bonds in terrylene in 56% yield. The product is soluble in common organic solvents and could be purified without column chromatography. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the terrylene core is not disturbed by the substituents and is perfectly flat. The photophysical properties of TB4 are also unchanged by the substituents because the carbon atoms at 2,5,10,13-positions have less coefficients on its HOMO and LUMO, estimated by theoretical calculations. Finally, the same borylation reaction was applied for quaterrylene, resulting in the formation of soluble tetra-borylated quaterrylene despite a low yield. The post modification of rylenes enables us to prepare their borylated products as versatile units after creating the rylene skeletons.
Asi Nehrinin su kalite parametre düzeylerinin belirlenmesi
Authors: Ağca Necat , Doğan Kemal
Published: April 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin sınır aşan akarsularından
biri olan Asi Nehrinin su kalite parametre düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve
bunların içme ve sulama suyu kalitesi açısından değerlendirilmesi
amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem ve Bulgular: Bu çalışmada, Asi Nehrinin
Türkiye kısmında belirlenen 8 noktadan, dört farklı dönemde su örnekleri
alınmıştır. Alınan su örneklerinde pH, elektriksel iletkenlik (EC), eriyebilir
katyon (Na, K, Ca, Mg) ve eriyebilir anyon (Cl-, SO4, CO3-
ve HCO3=) analizleri yapılmıştır. Ayrıca eriyebilir
katyon ve anyonlardan sodyum adsorpsiyon oranı (SAR), magnezyum oranı (MR),
toplam sertlik (TH) ve kalıcı bikarbonat (RSC) değerleri hesaplanmıştır.
Araştırma konusu su kaynaklarına ait bütün parametrelerin tanımlayıcı
istatistik analizleri (ortalama, en düşük ve en yüksek değerler, standart sapma,
varyasyon katsayısı, vb.) hesaplanmıştır. Su örneklerinin özellikleri
arasındaki ilişkileri araştırmak için korelasyon analizi ve örnekleme dönemleri
ve noktaları arasındaki farklılıkları açıklayabilmek için ise anova ve duncan
testleri yapılmıştır. Asi Nehir suyunda katyonların oransal bolluk
sıralaması çoktan aza doğru Mg>Na>Ca>K şeklinde, anyonların sıralaması
ise SO4>HCO3>Cl>CO3 şeklinde belirlenmiştir.
Amerikan tuzluluk laboratuvarı diyagramına göre, Asi Nehir suyunun kalite
sınıfı C3S1 olarak belirlenmiştir.Genel Yorum: Yapılan varyans analiz
sonuçlarına göre; örnekleme noktaları arasında EC değerlerindeki farklılık
istatistiksel açıdan %5 düzeyinde önemli bulunmuştur. Diğer parametrelerdeki
farklılıklar ise istatistiksel açıdan önemli bulunamamıştır. Yine, örnekleme
dönemleri arasında ise pH, HCO3 ve MR değerleri arasındaki farklılık
%1 düzeyinde önemli bulunmuştur.Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Asi nehir suyunu kullanırken
dikkatli olmak gerekir. Asi nehir suyu tuzluluk açısından çok tuzlu sular sınıfına
girmektedir. Bu su ancak iyi drenaj koşullarında ve tuzluluk kontrolü için özel
yönetim uygulamaları ile sulamada kullanılabilir.
Hatay ili turunçgillerinde zararlı Turunçgil ipek beyazsineği, Paraleyrodes minei Iaccarino (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)’nin konukçuları, popülasyon değişimi ve biyolojisi
Authors: Telli Ömer , Yiğit Abdurrahman
Published: April 2020

Amaç:
Hatay’da 2005-2006 yıllarında yürütülen çalışmada turunçgillerde görülen
Turunçgil ipek beyazsineği, Paraleyrodes minei Iaccarino (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)'nin
konukçuları, popülasyon değişimleri ve biyolojisi belirlenmiştir.Yöntem ve Bulgular:
Paraleyrodes minei’nin konukçusu
olabilecek bitkilerde söz konusu zararlının pupa ve pupa gömleği aranmıştır.
Popülasyon değişimi çalışması için Dörtyol (Hatay)’da 2005-2006 yıllarında en
az 15 yıllık “Satsuma” çeşidi mandarin bahçesinde tesadüfi 5 ağacın 5’er
sürgününde gözlemler yapılmış; biyolojisiyle ilgili çalışmalar doğada ve
laboratuvarda 25 birey üzerinden yürütülmüştür.2005-2006 yıllarında Hatay’ın Samandağ, Dörtyol ve İskenderun
ilçelerinin P. minei ile bulaşık
olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Turunçgiller
dışında P. minei’nin konukçularının,
patlıcan (Solanum melongena L.), defne (Laurus nobilis L.), nar (Punica
granatum L.), hurma (Diospyros kaki
L.), Japon gülü (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.) ve dut (Morus sp.) olduğu belirlenmiştir.Beyazsineğin sörveyinde mevsim ve ağaç içindeki yön ve yükseklik
farklılıklarına bakılmaksızın örnekleme yapılabileceği kanaatine varılmıştır. P.
minei larva ve pupa popülasyonlarının Temmuz ayı başlarında yükseldiği,
daha sonra doğal düşman türleri, Conwentzia
sp., Chrysoperla carnea Stephens
(Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), Encarsia
hispida DeSantis (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), Clitostethus arcuatus Risso, Chilocorus
bipustulatus L. (Coleoptera:
Coccinellidae) ve entomopatojen fungus, Cladosporium
sp. (Moniliales: Dematiaceae)’un faaliyetleri sonucu yoğunluğun düştüğü
görülmüştür. P.minei'nin doğada yılda 8 döl verdiği belirlenmiştir.
Laboratuvar şartlarında (25±2oC sıcaklık, %70-80 orantılı nem ve
günde 16 saat aydınlık) ve doğada yumurtadan ergin oluncaya kadar gelişme
süresi sırasıyla ortalama 27,88 (24–29) gün ve 29,96 (27–35) gün olarak
bulunmuştur.Genel Yorum:
Paraleyrodes minei’nin yayılabileceği, turunçgiller dışında
konukçularının olduğu, turunçgil ağacının her tarafında bulunabileceği, olgun
turunçgil yapraklarında yüksek yoğunluklar oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir.Söz konusu zararlının doğal düşmanlarca baskı altına alınabileceği
ortaya konmuştur.Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi:
Paraleyrodes minei’nin uygun iklim
şartlarında ve etkili doğal düşmanlarının bulunmaması durumunda, yüksek
yoğunluklara ulaşabilecek ve turunçgillerde önemli konuma geçebilecek bir
zararlı potansiyelinde olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle zararlının doğal
düşman türlerinin turunçgil ekosisteminde varlığını sürdürebilmesi ve
etkinliklerinin artırılması amacıyla entegre savaş yaklaşımı içerisinde gerekli
uygulamaların yapılması yararlı olacaktır.