bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of high tone external muscle stimulation on polyneuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Dawah Rami Mohamed , Seddik Fatma , Grase Mariam Omran , Muszkieta Radoslav
Published: July 2024

Background and study aim. High-tone therapy, also known as High-Frequency External Muscle Stimulation (HTEMS), is a more recent and unique form of electrotherapy treatment. Unlike traditional electrotherapy methods, which use a single frequency, high-tone therapy modulates both frequency and amplitude to deliver more energy to the tissues. The options for treating neuropathy associated with any illness, including diabetes, are limited, especially non-pharmacological therapies. This review aims to investigate the evidence of the effectiveness of high-tone external muscle stimulation (HTEMS) for patients with polyneuropathy.
Material and Methods. Google Scholar, Scopus, web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Control Trials, CENTRAL, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database, Pedro, databases from inception to February 2022. We restricted the search to articles published in English only. Randomized controlled trials, RCTs, of HTEMS for peripheral neuropathy were included. Two independent reviewers screened the articles for eligibility, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias in eligible studies. Meta-analysis was performed using the random-effects model. The remaining results were presented using descriptive methods. The risk of bias was assessed using the PEDro scale.
Results. Six articles fulfilled the eligibility criteria with 487 participants. Most trials have focused on investigating the effectiveness of HTEMS in treating diabetic polyneuropathy and entrapment neuropathies. Overall, HTEMS provided a slight, but not clinically significant, reduction in pain and Katz index scores compared with mean control difference with p is more then 0.05.
Conclusions. HTEMS has been proven to be more efficient in most aspects, such as reduction in pain intensity and Katz index scores in patients with polyneuropathy compared to other treatment options. The included trials presented methodological issues and high heterogeneity, preventing the establishment of any firm recommendations to support or refute the use of HTEMS as a strategy for managing neuropathic pain.
Gramsci, cultura, folclore e educação
Authors: Martins Marcos Francisco , Bergamini Debora
Published: July 2024

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa cujo problema foi saber se o destaque que Gramsci conferiu à cultura o afastou do materialismo histórico-dialético. Metodologicamente, empregou-se a pesquisa bibliográfica, pela qual foram analisados textos de Gramsci da juventude e da maturidade carcerária, e de comentaristas. Na primeira parte, diz-se que Gramsci formulou o conceito de cultura a partir da síntese entre dois paradigmas rivais a ele contemporâneos: o francês e o alemão, construindo o conceito de cultura nacional-popular. Na segunda, demonstra-se que a dimensão cultural da vida social é dialeticamente articulada à educação, à política e à estrutura econômica. Na última parte, é afirmado que Gramsci superou a clássica distinção entre cultura erudita e popular, e deu nova interpretação ao folclore. Na conclusão está que Gramsci colaborou para atualizar o marxismo ao século XX, pois sustentou as formulações que produziu na categoria de totalidade e interpretou a cultura como uma das dimensões da disputa pela hegemonia, politizando-a e articulando-a à educação.
PENGARUH MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN 3 DIMENSI TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI MENGENAL BANGUN RUANG
Authors: Nor Asyriah  , Rahmawati Fitria
Published: July 2024

The teacher in delivering material uses only pictures on the blackboard and is still fixated on textbooks without using media. This resulted in the understanding obtained by students is still abstract. This study aims to determine the effect of 3-dimensional media on student learning outcomes in the subject of recognizing shapes in class II at MI Ibnu Athaillah.The research method used is experimental research with a quantitative approach and the type of research design used in this study is the Pretest-Posttest Group Design. The population in this study were all second grade students at MI Ibnu Athaillah. The researcher used a purposive sampling technique (purposive sampling), the samples in this study were students in class II C and class II D, class II C as the experimental class and class II D as the control class. Data collection techniques used by researchers in the form of tests and documentation.The results of the study showed that there was a significant influence between the three-dimensional learning media and student learning outcomes on the subject of recognizing shapes in class II at Ibnu Athaillah. This is evidenced by the results of the t-test, namely, tcount = 4.544 and ttable = 1.699 or tcount is greater than ttable so that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning that 3-dimensional media has an influence on student learning outcomes in the material about geometric shapes.
Keywords: 3D Media,Learning Outcomes,Build Space.
DIAGNOSIS KESULITAN BELAJAR MATEMATIKA PADA POKOK BAHASAN BILANGAN BULAT NEGATIF PADA SISWA KELAS V DI SDN 108 BANOA
Authors: Triana Suci , Nurjannah Nurjannah
Published: July 2024

Difficulty in learning mathematics is an obstacle to problems in everyday life so it needs to be mastered well, but most students consider mathematics to be a difficult subject, especially fifth grade students at SDN 108 Banoa, the perception that mathematics is a difficult subject is reinforced by learning outcomes in mathematics which is still low. The purpose of this research is to identify difficulties in learning mathematics and the factors that cause difficulties in learning mathematics, especially for negative integers. Observations, interviews, and documentation are used as data collection methods in descriptive qualitative research. It uses triangulation to check the accuracy of the data and through the process of data collection, data presentation, and drawing conclusions, the data is analyzed. Based on the results of the study that students' learning difficulties in mathematics are still low, in this way the teacher must be more creative in choosing the learning method.
KEMAMPUAN MAHASISWA PGMI DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL HOTS MATERI STATISTIKA
Authors: Nor Asyriah
Published: July 2024

Abstrak
Kemampuan peserta didik perlu terus ditingkatkan untuk mengembangkan keterampilan berfikir dan mampu bersaing. Salah satu upaya  yang bisa dilakukan adalah dengan melatih peserta didik untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan matematika pada tingkat HOTS.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan mahasiswa Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah dalam menyelesaikan soal HOTS pada materi statistika. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah 10 mahasiswa program studi Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Darul Ulum Kandangan Semester IV. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes tertulis. Dan analisis data dengan melihat kesesuaian jawaban subjek dengan indikator ketercapaian soal dengan kemampuan HOTS. Dari hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan mahapeserta didik PGMI dalam menyelesaikan soal HOTS materi statistika masih rendah. Hal ini dilihat dari kemampuan mahapeserta didik yang belum mampu memenuhi indikator butir soal yang sudah ditentukan, dimana 40% dapat mencapai dua indikator, 40 % hanya mencapai satu indikator, dan 20% tidak mencapai indikator yang telah ditentukan. Mahasiswa masih kesulitan menyelesaikan soal dan permasalahan yang disajikan.
 
Kata Kunci: Kemampuan; HOTS; Statistika
Peran Dukungan Orang Tua Terhadap Motivasi Belajar dan Dampaknya pada Hasil Belajar Matematika SMP kelas VII
Authors: Ali Muh. Syaifullah S , Yusuf St. Mutmainnah , Rukman Nia Kurniaty
Published: July 2024

The objective of this study was to examine role of parental support and mathematics learning outcomes for VII graders. This is a correlation study using a quantitative approach to investigate the relationship between two variables, independent and the dependent variable. The subjects of this study were VII graders of SMP Negeri Ternate, which consist of 30 respondents. A measurement scale will be used as the instrument in this study. The quantitative data analysis was used to analyse the data. According to results: (1) the Sig value of parental support is 0.250. Because the value of Sig. 0.250 is higher than 0.05, it can be concluded that parents’ support has an effect on learning outcomes. (2) as the Sig value is 0.040, the Sig value of learning motivation is 0.040. 0.05, it is possible to conclude that there is no relationship between learning motivation and learning outcomes. (3) Considering the Sig value is 0.04 0.05 and the computed f value is 4.975 > 3.34, it may be assumed that variables (X1) and (X2) have an effect on (Y) based on the decision making on the F test.
ЖАСТАР ТІЛІНДЕГІ СЛЕНГТЕР МЕН ЖАРГОНДАР
Authors: Ауғанбаева Мархаба , Мамаева Г.Б. , Тусупбекова Г.А.
Published: July 2024

Мақалада қазақ тіл біліміндегі күрделі мәселелерге жататын тіл экологиясы, тіл тазалығы қарастырылады. Әлеуметтік топтар қолданатын тіл нормаларын бұзушы сөздерді зерттеу мәселенің өзектілігін көрсетеді. Тіл білімі тілді тек қарым-қатынас құралы ғана емес, әр түрлі коммуникативті салалардағы қызметін таным өзегі ретінде қарастырады. Ұлттық тіл арқылы сол халықтың тарихымен, мәдениетімен, өмір сүру салтымен, ортасымен танысамыз. Тіл мамандары тілді қоғаммен бірлікте қарастырады. Қоғамда орын алып жатқан ахуалдар тілде көрініс табумен қатар, оған өз ықпалын тигізеді.
Тіл тазалығын сақтау – өзге тілдің сөздерін, яғни кірме сөздерді бейберекет қолданбау. Тіл білімінде тіл мәдениеті басты назарда болады. Ол әр халықтың мәдени, рухани байлығымен қоса әдеби тілінің деңгейімен байланысты. Тіл мәдениетін дамыту үшін тіл тазалығын, көрнекілігін, дәлдігін басты назарға алу керек. Яғни сөйлеу тілін әдеби нормаға жатпайтын жаргон, сленг, диалект, қарапайым сөздерден тазартуымыз қажет. Сленг және жаргон сөздерді күнделікті өмірде жиі қолданудың әсерінен тіл білімінде өзекті мәселеге айналды. Тіл білімінде бұл мәселені эколингвистика саласы қарастырады.
Analisis Pengendalian Biaya Produksi (Studi pada CV Widuri Jaya Snack Kawali)
Authors: Setianingsih Wiwin , Zaki Rahmani Muhammad , Abdul Kader Mukhtar
Published: July 2024

CV Widuri Jaya Snack merupakan salah satu perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang industri makanan khususnya makanan ringan dengan mengubah suatu bahan mentah menjadi makanan ringan siap konsumsi yang berlokasi di Jl. Pramuka No. 02. Dusun Linggapura, Kecamatan Kawali, Kabupaten Ciamis, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengendalian biaya produksi pada CV Widuri Jaya Snack karena berkaitan erat dengan jumlah produk yang dihasilkan, terkait hal tersebut maka diperlukan sekali kesadaran untuk melakukan perhitungan yang teliti terhadap biaya produksi tersebut. Adapun jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif yaitu pemecahan masalah yang diteliti dengan menggunakan cara penyajian data yang diperoleh dari wawancara, observasi lapangan, dan studi pustaka yang kemudian dianalisis. Dalam pengendalian biaya produksi sangat penting sekali untuk mengetahui berapa standar biaya yang digunakan. Salah satu standar biaya yaitu dalam biaya produksi seperti biaya bahan baku, biaya tenaga kerja langsung, dan biaya overhead (biaya bonus karyawan, biaya jasa, biaya alat tulis, biaya bahan). Jika biaya tersebut mengalami efisiensi maka dapat disimpulakan bahwa pengendalian biaya produksi terpenuhi. Hasil analisis perbandingan antara biaya dalam realita dan biaya standar akan dapat menunjukan apakah biaya produksi yang dikeluarkan terkendali atau tidak terkendali. Pentingnya pengendalian biaya produksi bagi perusahaan manufaktur seperti CV Widuri Jaya Snack dalam menjaga efisiensi dan profitabilitas. Penelitian ini memberikan manfaat bagi manajemen CV Widuri Jaya Snack dalam meningkatkan pengendalian biaya produksi, sehingga dapat mengoptimalkan laba perusahaan.
Juridicial Review of the Appointment of An Ex-Convict of Corruption to Be A Commissioner of Bumn and Subsidiary Company of Bumn and Its Implication for Good Corporate Governance (Gcg
Authors: Rizkika Kinanti
Published: July 2024

This research aims to analize the appointment of an ex-convict of corruption to be a Commissioner of BUMN and the subsidiary company of BUMN from a legal perspective and its implication for Good Corporate Governance Practices. The result showed that the appointment of an ex-convict of corruption to be a Commissioner of BUMN and the subsidiary company of BUMN is considered as a violation of law because it doesn’t fulfill the Integrity aspect. The violation of integrity showed that Good Corporate Governance is not fully materialized in a corporate practice, especially BUMN and the subsidiary company of BUMN.
Treatment of lingual nerve paresthesia through photobiomodulation therapy: a case report employing an approach integrating extraoral and intraoral modalities
Authors: Gabriel Amanda de Farias , Breda Soares Júlia , Borges Kirschinick Laura , Fiorini Tiago , Aranha Ana Cecília , Trevizani Martins Marco Antonio , Domingues Martins Manoela
Published: July 2024

Aims: Oral nerve injuries are the primary cause of paresthesia in the head and neck regions.
To report the managing of a combined protocol involving extraoral and intraoral photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy for lingual nerve paresthesia.
Case report: A 38-year-old female patient underwent 25 PBM sessions using laser with dual wavelength infrared (810nm + 980 nm). The extraoral application included 6 seconds and 6J per point.  per point, 1W, 4.91 cm², 1.2 J/cm. The intraoral protocol with 0.3W of power, a spot size of 0.38 cm², 15.78 J/cm² of energy density, 6J of energy per point, for 20 seconds.
Results: Assessment of neurosensitivity on the dorsum of the tongue was a 75% improvement. On the lateral tongue improved to 50%. In the floor of the mouth, PBM demonstrated a 25% improvement.
Conclusion: PBM is an important treatment option in the case of lingual nerve paresthesia. The use of PBM should be considered as a feasible, non-invasive treatment approach.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of local anesthetics during septoplasty and tonsillectomy.
Authors: Kastyro I. , Ganshin I. , Dubova V. , Antonyan A. , Shilin S.
Published: July 2024

Surgical trauma provokes body's stress response with activation of inflammatory, endo-crine, metabolic, and immunological factors, which is believed to be necessary and beneficial response. Aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of local anesthetics lidocaine and articaine in septoplasty and tonsillectomy in terms of assessing the severity of stress reactions. Patients and Methods: 125 patients with nasal septum deviation (NSD) and chronic tonsillitis (CT) were observed. Patients with NSD were divided into 2 groups: 1A – 32 patients treated by 2% lidocaine local infiltration analgesia (LIA); 1B – 30 patients treated by 2% articaine LIA. Corresponding groups of patients with CT were 2A (32 patients) and 2B (31 patients). For all patients, heart rate variability (HRV), high, low and very low frequency components were measured. Results: Estimation of group variances of HRV showed there were some disadaptation in groups 1B and 2A. High dispersion of SDANN, SDNN index and rMSSD in 1B group, SDANN values in 2A group indicate the sympathetic/parasympathetic imbalance. High frequency component were augmented in 2B group which pointed out prevailing parasympathetic tone but its high dispersion was indicative of disadaptation as well. Conclusion: Thus, with the local infiltration application of an articaine solution during septoplasty, the autonomic nervous system dystonia is observed in the early postoperative period. When anesthesia with lidocaine solution during tonsillectomy, there is also a breakdown of adaptive responses against the background of surgical stress. Based on the above data, of the presented local anesthetics, lidocaine is more effective in septoplasty, and articaine in tonsillectomy.
The use of radio wave scalpel "Surgitron" in the surgical treatment of the outer ear neoplasms
Authors: Chernolev A. , Popadyuk V. , Emets Y. , Mikhalskaia P. , Piskarev D.
Published: July 2024

The number of ENT organs diseases continues to grow, and therefore the problem of combating these diseases has been and remains relevant in otorhinolaryngology. The least studied of all the ENT organs neoplasm are ear tumors. Aims: to increase the efficiency of surgical treatment of neoplasms of the outer ear using a radio wave scalpel "Surgitron". Patients and Methods. The work is based on the results of treatment of 230 patients (146 in the main and 84 in the control groups) with tumor-like formations, benign and malignantouter ear tumors. Results. The first place in the structure of ear neoplasms in the main group was occupied by tumor-like formations - 58 patients (40%), benign tumors were somewhat less common - 48 patients (33%), and even less often - malignant neoplasms (40 patients, 27%). Most often, the auricle neoplasms were removed without the underlying cartilage (in 60 patients; 56.6%). Limited tumors (I-II stage) were removed under local anesthesia with 1% solution of novocaine with the addition, in the absence of contraindications, 5 drops of 0.1% solution of adrenaline per 10 ml of novocaine. After detachment of the tumor with skin and perichondrium from the underlying cartilage, an incision was made using a Surgitron radio wave scalpel, after which the tumor was removed within healthy tissues without cartilage resection. A strip of healthy skin around a benign tumor should be at least 3 mm. The surface of the cartilage at the bottom of the wound was examined under an operating microscope. The cartilage undamaged by the tumor had a smooth, shiny surface. Bleeding during the operation was minimal, stopped with the help of Surgitron, in the coagulation mode. In 1 patient with senile keratosis, in which the neoplasm was localized on the anterior surface of the auricle, the tumor was removed with a section of cartilage tissue. Conclusion. The use of the radio wave scalpel "Surgitron" in surgical interventions for outer ear neoplasms can reduce the time of the operation, reduce blood loss to a minimum, the time of wound epithelialization and the length of the patient's stay in the hospital. Comparison of the number of recurrences according to the result of using a radio wave scalpel and the classical surgical method (for tumor-like formations - 12% and 24.2%, respectively, for benign tumors - 8.3% and 40%, for malignant tumors - 30% and 70%) indicates a high effectiveness of surgical treatment using "Surgitron".
Mitochondrial Disorders and MRI of the Brain in Patients with Leukoencephalophathy with Brainstem and Spinal Cord Involvement and Lactate Elevation in Moscow Region
Authors: Kotov S. , Sidorova O. , Vasilenko I. , Bunak M. , Borodin A. , Kassina D.
Published: July 2024

leukoencephalopathy with lesions of the brainstem and spinal cord and increased lactate levels (LBSL) is a hereditary autosomal recessive disease caused by a mutation in the DARS2 gene, with a heterogeneous lesion of the white matter of the brain involving the brainstem and spinal pathways, an increase in lactate in abnormal white matter. Objective. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the features of brain MRI and mitochondrial disorders in adult patients with PE-FMF. Material and methods. An observation of three adult patients from the Moscow region with a hereditary mitochondrial disease of leukoencephalopathy with damage to the brainstem and spinal cord and an increase in lactate level (LBSL) is presented. The diagnosis was confirmed by molecular diagnostics. An MRI examination of the brain was performed on an MRI tomograph with a magnetic field induction of 3.0 T For the cytochemical study of the activity of mitochondrial enzymes in peripheral blood lymphocytes, the method proposed by A.G.E. Pearse modified by R.P. Narcissov. Results. The clinical picture of the disease is similar to multiple sclerosis. MRI of the brain showed more pronounced diffuse changes in the white matter. In all patients, dysfunction of the respiratory chain of mitochondria was noted. Conclusion. Taking into account the data obtained, patients are shown energotropic therapy (idebenone and carnitine preparations). Thus, when doubtful cases in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, LBSL should be excluded.
Surgical Treatment of Epiretinal Membranes: a Comparative Analysis of Various Removal Techniques.
Authors: Pavlovskiy O. , Fayzrachmanov R. , Egorova N.
Published: July 2024

In most cases, vitreoretinal surgery is the only way to treat epiretinal membrane (ERM). For a long time, surgeons only removed epiretinal fibrosis. But relapse of ERM took place in 10% of cases. Internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling reduced the number of relapses, but this membrane is connected closely with terminal legs of Müller cells and its removal leads to mechanical and functional damage of the latter. In addition, frequent cases of "dissociation of the optic nerve fiber layer" were noticed in the long term after ILM removal, which caused a deterioration in the functional state of the retina. Purpose. The purpose of study was to conduct a comparative analysis of various methods of surgical treatment of epiretinal membrane. Materials and methods. On the base of the National Medical Center of Ophthalmology 75 patients with epiretinal membrane were treated with vitreoretinal surgery. All patients were divided into 3 groups. Patients of the first group were operated according to the standard procedure with the removal both ERM and ILM. The second group included patients after ERM removal without ILM peeling. The third group of patients were operated according to the original method – after ERM removal specific "debilitating notches" were performed on ILM. A complete ophthalmological examination was conducted for all patients in the pre- and postoperative period (1,3,6,12 months after surgical treatment). There were no significant differences between groups in age, gender, preoperative BCVA, preoperative intraocular pressure, preoperative CMT on optical coherence tomography, and cataract status. Results. Analysis of the results in the postoperative period revealed a significant improvement in BCVA at 6 months after surgery in the 2nd and 3rd groups of patients in comparison to the 1st group of patients. Assessment of morphological parameters of the retina in the postoperative period showed a significant improvement of condition in epiretinal fibrosis in groups 2 and 3 at 6 and 12 months after surgery. The reduce of foveolar thickness was more noticeable in groups 2 and 3 during all the period. In the postoperative period, a statistically significant improvement in central light sensitivity was revealed in patients of the 2nd and 3rd groups in comparison to similar parameters of patients of the 1st group at 3 months after surgical treatment. The same trend took place at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Conclusion. Our results showed that surgical treatment of ERM without ILM peeling yielded a better functional result compared to a group where peeling was performed within up to 12 months of follow-up. In order to reduce the risks of ERM relapse, we have developed an innovative technique of "debilitating notches", which allows us to achieve higher functional results than traditional ILM peeling and reduces the risks of relapse.
Features of Vestibular Changes in Patients with Vestibular Schwannoma. Historical Background and the Current State of the Problem.
Authors: Nersesyan M. , Kapitanova O. , Popadyuk V.
Published: July 2024

The problem of vestibular disorders is one of the most urgent in the practice of a neurologist and otorhinolaryngologist. Dizziness patients can also ask for help specialists of any profile. Typical complaints require to conduct an appropriate examination and prescribe treatment. Due to the acute manifestation and rapid progression of symptoms, the patient's quality of life is significantly decreased and the ability to work is impaired. Vestibular disorders are even increased with age. Among the elderly, such complaints presented in about 48% of patients, almost every second one. Depends on the cause, vertigo can be of peripheral (otological), central and functional (psychological) origin. Often, the patient's condition assessed as serious and required immediate medical manipulations. For this reason, any specialist, to whom patient complains of dizziness, must be able to competently conduct an examination and perform the most complete examination. However, the lack of uniform standards for vestibular testing can lead to diagnostic errors and the choice of incorrect medical tactics. The article provides an overview of the literature data on the examination of patients with complaints of dizziness. An integral part of the diagnostic search for dizziness is the collection of complaints and anamnesis, a standard otorhinolaryngological examination, as well as audiometric and vestibular otoneurological tests. There is not much literature about vestibular testes in patients with vestibular schwannomas, here in this paper we present the literature dats and our experience in this topic.
Etiopathogensis of Macular Diseases in Terms of Glymphatic Fluid Circulation
Authors: Beisekeeva J. , Samoylenko A. , Kochergin S. , Kulumbetova J.
Published: July 2024

This article is an analysis of theoretical aspects of etiopathogenesis of the macular zone of the eye in terms of glymphatic circulation of tissue fluid. To date, a lot of data has been accumulated on functional and structural changes of the macular zone in normal and in various pathologies. The genesis of macular edemas along with subretinal and choroidal neovascularisation could be highlighted and understood from a different point of view if assuming the presence of the glymphatic para- and perivascular fluid flow within the retina, channels in the vitreous body and the choroid. Clinical features of the various eye diseases including hereditary, highlight the paravascular glymphatic outflow routes. As a result of the data analysis, a new theory of disease development in the macular region has been developed for the first time, which explains the pathogenetic mechanisms of occurrence and progression of macular pathology based on the principles of glymphatic current.
Assessing the Learning Curve in Contact Endoscopy for Oral and Oropharyngeal Examination
Authors: Chuchueva N. , Cherenkova V. , Svistushkin V.
Published: July 2024

The early and accurate detection of oral and oropharyngeal malignant lesions is crucial, impacting both treatment outcomes and patient prognosis. Contact endoscopy is one of the prospective methods in this respect. However, the integration of contact endoscopy into routine clinical practice is not without challenges. It requires specific skills and expertise for both performing the procedure and interpreting the enhanced mucosal images (the type of vascular patterns). We conducted a prospective analysis over a 9-month period, involving otolaryngologists (n=18) at various stages of their careers. To assess the learning curve, we evaluated both the technical proficiency and diagnostic accuracy of participants at multiple time points: at baseline, 1 month after initial training, and at 3, 6, and 9 months. At baseline, the average time to complete a contact endoscopy procedure was 180.7 seconds for the more experienced investigator and 185.7 seconds for the less experienced investigator, reducing to 120.2 seconds and 123.2 seconds at the 9-month assessment, respectively. Image clarity also improved, with only 34.5% of initial images deemed 'high quality', increasing to 94,5% after 9 months for more experienced investigator. The correct interpretation of the contact endoscopy findings did not depend much on the number of high-quality images.
Applying the first principle to study the structure, electrical and magnetic properties of ASiNRs-doped Neodymium
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Tung , Xuan Thanh
Published: July 2024

In this project, we investigated and investigated the optimal sites in the chemisorption of Neodymium (Nd) on armchair silicene nanoribbons (ASiNRs) to learn about the geometrical and electronic properties of the structures by applying these properties with first principle math. The survey has three steps. The first was to change the top, valley, bridge, and hollow positions to find optimazed positionThe results show that the Bridge position has the lowest absorbed energy value of -2.6eV, has the most stable structure, with the strongest magnetic moment of 4.68 μB, and a buckl degree of 0.69 Å; The Si-Si-Si bond angle at this time is 115053’ almost like the pristine case. The second was to change the Si-Si bondlength of ASiNRs the same purpose. Finally, we survey the distance from Nd atom to pristine adsorbent surface was decreased. The calculation results show that the valley position is the most ideal location, corresponding to the bond length of 2.26 Å and the optimal height of 2.11 Å resulting in a single material adsorption system for the new materials, different from other positions with bandgap changed. This result shows that the absorption method between metals and pristine semiconductor ASiNRs has opened up a very good direction, contributing to enriching the source of materials applied to the field of manufacturing electronic, optoelectronic, and spintronic components in the future.
Potensi dan Risiko Terjadinya Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang di Perdagangan Karbon
Authors: Adiwarman Adiwarman
Published: July 2024

Perubahan iklim menjadi permasalahan global yang dampaknya terlihat, di antaranya naiknya permukaan air laut; gelombang panas yang terjadi di negara yang beriklim 4 musim; mutasi virus tertentu; dan mencairnya es di kutub Utara. Solusi utama permasalahan ini adalah dengan menurunkan emisi gas rumah kaca yang ditempuh melalui upaya domestik berbagai proyek dan mekanisme tambahan berupa perdagangan karbon. Namun demikian, sebagai inovasi di bidang jasa keuangan, perdagangan karbon menyimpan risiko dan potensi dijadikan sarana Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang (TPPU). Studi ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai praktik perdagangan karbon yang terjadi dan membahas potensi perdagangan karbon menjadi sarana TPPU. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk memberikan jawaban mengenai prinsip atau asas hukum dan isu hukum yang relevan.  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitik dan normatif untuk mengidentifikasi potensi TPPU, serta menemukan permasalahan substansi ketentuan hukum yang ada. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa mekanisme penggunaan carbon credits maupun carbon rights rentan dijadikan alat melakukan TPPU baik di Bursa Karbon (pasar primer) maupun di luar Bursa Karbon. Hal ini semakin diperparah oleh kondisi sistem perdagangan, kelembagaan, ketentuan hukum, transparansi serta pengawasan yang masih dalam tahap pengembangan. Pencegahan dilakukan melalui penerapan prinsip Mengenali Nasabah dan Laporan Transaksi Keuangan Mencurigakan. Penegakan hukum dilakukan dengan merujuk pada ketentuan Undang-Undang TPPU Pasal 3, 4, 5, serta 6.
Penggunaan Hasil Tindak Pidana untuk Sumbangan Dana Pemilu
Authors: Arifin Ibrahim
Published: July 2024

Penggunaan hasil tindak pidana untuk kepentingan kampanye politik dalam pelaksanaan Pemilihan Umum sebagai donasi dari pihak eksternal dalam praktik pencucian uang dapat terjadi. Ketentuan pidana yang beririsan satu sama lain dalam hal kaitannya penggunaan hasil tindak pidana untuk kampanye Pemilu, di antaranya Pasal 339 ayat (1) huruf c UU Pemilu, Pasal 5 ayat (1) UU TPPU dan Pasal 137 UU Narkotika. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini terkait perlunya menentukan formulasi mengenai penggunaan Pasal yang diterapkan mengingat ketiga Pasal tersebut bersifat Lex Specialis. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum yuridis normatif, dengan objek penelitian berupa inventarisasi hukum positif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan penerapan asas lex consumen derogate legi consumte dalam penerapan pasal terhadap perbuatan penggunaan hasil tindak pidana dalam Kampanye Pemilu, yaitu Pasal 339 ayat (1) huruf c UU Pemilu diterapkan bagi seorang peserta pemilu yang menerima sumbangan dana Pemilu berupa uang dari hasil tindak pidana untuk kepentingan kampanye. Pasal 5 ayat (1) UU TPPU diterapkan bagi pelaku yang menerima uang atau harta kekayaan hasil tindak pidana pada saat belum berstatus peserta Pemilu. Peserta Pemilu yang menerima hasil tindak pidana untuk sumbangan dana Pemilu dapat disangkakan sebagai pelaku aktif TPPU atau sebagai pihak yang melakukan penyertaan atau pembantuan dalam melakukan TPPU. Berfokus pada penerapan asas lex consumen derogate legi consumte dalam penerapan pasal terhadap Perbuatan Penggunaan hasil tindak pidana dalam Kampanye Pemilu disertai dengan beberapa penjabaran parameter-parameter yang akan memberikan gambaran kepada penegak hukum dalam melakukan penindakan terhadap Penggunaan Hasil tindak pidana untuk Kampanye Politik maupun aktifitas lain yang berkaitan dengan upaya-upaya pemenangan kontestasi politik.
Addressing Healthcare Disparities through Community-Based Hospital Management Initiatives
Authors: Pitoyo Achmad Zani , Pujiati Lilis , Setyaningrum Ikawati , Huzaimah Nailiy , Raule Jean Henry
Published: July 2024

Addressing healthcare disparities among underserved communities has become a pressing concern for healthcare providers and policymakers alike. This study aims to investigate the role of community-based hospital management initiatives in mitigating healthcare disparities and improving access to quality care. Utilizing a qualitative research approach, the study employs a multiple case study methodology to explore successful community-based hospital management initiatives implemented in various regions. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with hospital administrators, healthcare professionals, and community stakeholders, as well as document analysis of hospital policies and reports. The findings reveal that community-based hospital management initiatives, such as community health worker programs, culturally tailored healthcare services, and collaborative partnerships with local organizations, can effectively address healthcare disparities by enhancing healthcare accessibility, cultural competence, and community engagement. However, the study also highlights challenges faced by hospitals, including limited resources, language barriers, and social determinants of health that require a multifaceted approach. The research concludes that community-based hospital management initiatives have the potential to bridge the gap in healthcare disparities, but their success relies on strong leadership, sustainable funding, and a genuine commitment to community empowerment and collaborative efforts with various stakeholders.
Pelatihan Budidaya Jamur Tiram pada Masyarakat Kampung Turunganseko Kera-Kera Makassar
Authors: Yogi Anang Budiman  , Umar Andini Maylana , Fauziah Nur , Taskirawati Ira
Published: July 2024

Pembinaan masyarakat di sekitar Kampung Rimba Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Hasanuddin perlu dilakukan sebagai bagian integral dari upaya transfer pengetahuan dalam kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat, sebagai komitmen dari tri dharma perguruan tinggi. Terlibat dalam kegiatan ini bukan hanya merupakan tanggung jawab dosen, tetapi juga melibatkan partisipasi aktif mahasiswa Fakultas Kehutanan. Tujuan utama dari kegiatan ini adalah memperkenalkan kepada masyarakat Kampung Turunganseko, Kera-Kera Makassar, teknik budidaya jamur tiram sebagai salah satu produk Hasil Hutan Bukan Kayu (HHBK). Penyelenggaraan kegiatan ini didasarkan pada pemahaman akan masalah atau kesenjangan yang ada dalam konteks masyarakat sekitar. Sebelumnya, teridentifikasi bahwa terdapat keterbatasan pengetahuan dan keterampilan di kalangan masyarakat Kampung Rimba terkait budidaya jamur tiram. Oleh karena itu, pengabdian kepada masyarakat diarahkan untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Proses transfer pengetahuan dan keterampilan dilakukan melalui serangkaian aktivitas, seperti ceramah untuk memberikan dasar teoretis, focus group discussion untuk memahami kebutuhan khusus masyarakat, pelatihan dan demonstrasi untuk memberikan pengalaman langsung, serta workshop untuk memfasilitasi diskusi dan pertukaran ide. Evaluasi hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan dalam pemahaman masyarakat sekitar Kampung Rimba terkait cara budidaya jamur tiram. Keterampilan yang diperoleh dari pelatihan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi salah satu bagian dari mata pencaharian masyarakat kampung Turunganseko.
O espontaneísmo da pedagogia da infância versus a diretividade e criticidade da escola unitária: as contribuições de Gramsci para pensar a educação infantil na Rede Municipal de Florianópolis
Authors: Souza Patrícia de , Gaspar Rafael Affonso , Silva Mariléia Maria da
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo recupera a formulação de Gramsci (1891-1937) sobre a Escola Unitária para problematizar os limites das pedagogias ativas, das quais a Pedagogia da Infância é tributária. Tem como objeto de análise os principais documentos para a primeira etapa da educação básica, que orientam o trabalho pedagógico das professoras e professores da Rede Municipal de Educação (RME) em Florianópolis: Diretrizes Educativas Pedagógicas para a Educação Infantil (2010); Orientações Curriculares para a Educação Infantil Municipal (2012); Currículo da Educação Infantil da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Florianópolis (2015). A análise desses documentos é realizada à luz das contribuições de Gramsci, essencial revolucionário comunista, que pensou a necessidade da superação da sociedade de classes. Examinou-se a concepção de educação e formação para a educação infantil e os limites da espontaneidade da criança como critério prioritário na organização curricular, em contraposição à diretividade como elemento tático no processo de elevação cultural das massas. Considera-se que o espontaneísmo da criança, por mais sedutor que  pareça, não pode prescindir de uma diretividade ancorada no professor, como aquele que reúne as condições necessárias para socializar o conhecimento científico - via de regra, negado às classes trabalhadoras-, e confrontar o conhecimento espontâneo, folclórico, circunscrito ao senso comum, com vista a promover uma formação crítica à sociedade de classes e que proporcione as condições de formar dirigentes que disputarão a hegemonia por um projeto de sociedade sem classes.
The Effectiveness of Tera Exercises to Reduce Musculoskletal Discomfort Elderly at Posyandu Warna Sari, Desa Glonggong Kecamatan Nogosari, Kabupaten Boyolali
Authors: Hastuti Lis Sarwi
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background: Everyone experiences musculoskeletal discomfort, and this problem will get worse with age, due to changes in the musculoskeletal system. Physical exercise is considered an effective non-pharmacological approach to reduce musculoskeletal complaints. Tera exercise is an aerobic exercise (using oxygen) because this exercise has an element of breathing exercise (breath training). Objectives: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of tera exercise to reduce musculoskeletal discomfort in the elderly at Posyandu Warna Sari, Glonggong Village, Nogosari District, Boyolali. Methods: This study uses quantitative research using pre-experimental design methods. The research design used in this study is one group pre-test and post-test design. Respondents were 18 elderly with ages ranging from 55 to 75 years in Posyandu Warna Sari, Desa Glonggong, Kecamatan Nogosari, Boyolali. The instrument used is the Nordic Body Map (NBM) used to measure subjectively the musculoskeletal discomfort. The treatment given is tera gymnastics given as many as 12 sessions and each session lasts for 30-40 minutes. Data analysis techniques using the Paired Sample T Test. Result: The calculated t result for the tera exercise intervention was 10.32 with a significance value (Pvalue) of 0.001. . Because the significance value is <0.05, there is a significant difference in the pre-test scores compared to the post-test scores for the respondents' musculoskeletal discomfort, so that Ha is accepted, namely Tera exercise is effective in reducing musculoskeletal complaints in the elderly at Posyandu Warna Sari, Desa Glonggong , Kecamatan Nogosari, Kabupaten Boyolali. Conclusion: Tera exercise is effective in reducing musculoskeletal discomfort  in the elderly at Posyandu Warna Sari, Desa Glonggong, Kecamatan Nogosari, Kabupaten Boyolali.
Keywords : Elderly, Tera Exercises, Musculoskeletal Discomfort
Pengaruh Engagement terhadap Post Stroke Fatigue (PSF) dan Kemampuan Motorik Pasien Pasca Stroke Iskemik
Authors: Kurniawan Hendri , Sutopo Haris
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background: Rehabilitation efforts for post-stroke patients to restore motor skills often do not provide optimal results. This is allegedly related to the client's seriousness or involvement in undergoing therapy (neurorehabilitation). Post-stroke comorbid problems in the form of post-stroke fatigue (PSF) may also influence this. Objectives: The research aims to examine the effect of engagement on post stroke fatigue (PSF) and recovery of motor skills in ischemic stroke patients. Methods: Observational quantitative research with a cross sectional design. The study was conducted in a hospital occupational therapy unit. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling technique. The research instruments used include: engagement rating scale (ERS), fatigue severity scale (FSS) and Fulg-Meyer Assessment (FMA). Research data analysis uses descriptive analysis, correlative and regression tests using the SPSS version 20 program. Results: The majority of the research sample was male (67.5%), and onset < 24 months (75%).   Mean ERS score = 21.2 ± 0.38, mean FSS change score = 2.17 and mean Fugl-Meyer change score = 2.45. Correlative test of ERS with FSS (r=0.697; p=0.000) and ERS with Fugl-Meyer (r=0.462; p=0.003). The linear regression test shows that the determinant coefficients of 0.486 and 0.226 ERS on FSS and Fugl-Meyer are significant with the equations Y=19.179+0.929X and Y=19.755+0.590X. Conclusion: Engagement influences a decrease in fatigue by 48.6% and an increase in motor ability recovery by 22.6%.
Keywords : stroke, engagement, fatigue, motor
Pengembangan Instrumen Skala Perkembangan Komunikasi Nonverbal pada Anak Usia 0-18 Bulan
Authors: Ginantaka Hendra , Sudarman Sudarman
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background: Most children miss the opportunity to receive developmental assessments due to a lack of screening tools. Assessment instruments are a problem that must be resolved immediately and early detection efforts are key in preventive and habilitative programs. Currently there is no valid and reliable instrument to measure the development of nonverbal communication in children. Objective: This research aims to develop an assessment instrument for the Nonverbal Communication Development Scale (SPK-Nv) and test whether the instrument is valid and reliable in measuring nonverbal abilities in children aged 0-18 months in Sananwetan District, Blitar City. Method: The type of research used is quantitative descriptive research. Test logical validity through Expert Judgment using Itemrated Content Validity Index (I-CVI) analysis and logical reliability using Inter-Rater Reliability (IRR). Then it was tested on a sample of typical children aged 0-18 months using Simple Random Sampling with a total of 161 children as respondents. Validity test uses Pearson product moment correlations and Reliability Test uses Cronbach's Alpha. Thesis Results: The Development Stage SPK-Nv instrument consists of 40 question items. Testing content validity through Expert Judgment with I-CVI analysis obtained a relevance value of 1.00 and Inter-Rater Reliability (IRR) Kappa Fleiss with a value of 0.298, so it means that the items in the SPK-Nv Instrument are relevant and reliable with a Fair level of agreement. The next stage, SPK-Nv was tested on 161 samples. As a result, the SPK-Nv instrument has 35 valid and reliable question items to measure nonverbal communication skills in children aged 0-18 months in Sananwetan Blitar sub-district. Conclusion: The SPK-Nv instrument that has been developed and prepared has 35 valid and relevant question items for measuring nonverbal communication skills in children aged 0-18 months in Sananwetan District, Blitar City.
Keywords: Development of Nonverbal Communication, in children, Early Childhood Language Development, Preverbal, Prelinguistic skills
Pengaruh Nursery Rhymes terhadap Kemampuan Kosakata Reseptif pada Anak Usia Prasekolah di TK Negeri Pembina Trenggalek
Authors: Rahmaningrum Citya , Muryanti Muryanti
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background: Nursery Rhymes is a song that is specifically made for children, that range from simple but happy notes and consist of lyrics that have  specific meaning. While some rhymes seem designed purely to amuse, others are didactic and educational. Educational experts believe that nursery rhymes can sharpen children’s language skills. Through nursery rhymes, children can learn and understand many new vocabulary. Objectives: This study aims to find out the effect of nursery rhymes on receptive vocabulary skills in preschool children at TK Negeri Pembina Trenggalek. Methods: This study is a quantitative study with cross-sectional design. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling with 52 respondents. The instruments used in this study were a nursery rhymes usage questionnaire and a receptive vocabulary skills test (Receptive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test). The statistical test used in this study was Kendall's Tau. Results: The result of Kendall's Tau test showed a ρ value of 0.001 (ρ < 0.05) and a correlation strength of 0.428. This means that there is an effect of nursery rhymes on receptive vocabulary skills, with moderate correlation strength and positive correlation direction. That is, the more often children use nursery rhymes, the higher receptive vocabulary skills they have. Conclusion: There is an effect of nursery rhymes on receptive vocabulary skills in preschool children at TK Negeri Pembina Trenggalek.
Keyword: nursery rhymes, receptive vocabulary skills, preschool children