bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Improvement of the Emergency Preparedness Organization of Local Government
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Jeong Eung Jin
Published: August 2023

In the event of a crisis, an emergency preparedness organization that oversees and coordinates emergency preparedness tasks from basic local governments to the central government plays a very important role. However, related laws and regulations are mainly composed of exhibitions, and emergency preparedness personnel often serve as disaster, safety management, and civil defense, and lack of expertise due to the perception that they are non-preferred positions and frequent job transfers. By expanding the scope of emergency preparedness work in peacetime in preparation for diversifying North Korean threats and national crises and emergencies, the effective operation of emergency preparedness organizations should be guaranteed. The person in charge of emergency preparedness of basic local governments should be reorganized, and professionalism should be improved through regular job training. In addition, it is necessary to ensure conditions for integrated crisis management during wartime and peacetime by revising laws and regulations such as the Emergency Preparedness Resource Management Act and the Integrated Defense Act.
Will I Be Unsafe in the Near Future?: Exploring Subjective Factors Affecting Perceptions of Future Safety Threats
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kim Da Young , Shim Hyoung Shik , Lee Min Kyu
Published: August 2023

As concerns have been raised about the potential negative impacts of future safety threats on individuals' lives, this study aimed to explore the factors that influence perceptions of the future in the present moment. Using multiple regression analysis in Stata 17 SE, the study was based on variables related to social perspectives, willingness to participate in social activities, and evaluations of corporate activities. The results showed that individuals who held positive social values tended to evaluate the negative impacts of future safety threats on their lives as less severe. On the other hand, individuals who tended to participate in various activities to solve social problems tended to evaluate the negative impacts of future safety threats on their lives as more severe. The continued prominence of “safety” as a social issue reflects the increasing need for institutional improvements based on societal understanding. In this regard, the significance of this study lies in its empirical research on individual perceptions of safety awareness formed based on various backgrounds.
Analysis of Bed Change Characteristics by Installing Ecological Facilities in Rivers
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lee Seung Wook , Maeng Seung Jin , Kim Da Ye , Seo Sung Chul , Park Hyung Keun
Published: August 2023

This study intends to conduct a one-dimensional and two-dimensional hydraulic characteristic analysis of the ecological facilities of Jocheon. For this purpose, two field surveys were conducted on hydraulic characteristic data such as longitudinal and cross-sectional data of rivers and roughness coefficient, and boundary conditions were set by establishing flow data for one-dimensional numerical simulation and calculating the starting point of water level. The water level was derived from the results of one-dimensional hydraulic characteristic analysis according to the ｢Jocheon Basic River Plan｣ as input data for the RMA-2 model. Lastly, the riverbed changes in the entire section of the target river and the facility installation section were confirmed and analyzed through SED-2D simulation using the calculated flow velocity. As a result, it was analyzed that the width of the river has a great influence on the flow rate. In additon to this, the concentration of suspended sediment flowing into the upstream has the most influence on the change of the river bed.
A Phenomenological Analysis of Women's Life Experiences with Burn Trauma
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Yang Jung Bin
Published: August 2023

Most of burn survivors often face numerous challenges and may require comprehensive medical care, rehabilitation, psychological counseling, and financial assistance. The purpose of this study was to explore how female burn survivors experience their changed lives after traumatic experiences. In particular, this study focused on how the injury impacted on the participants' life and how to deal with their challenges. Max van Manen's model of four fundamental lifeworld existentials was used as the analysis framework in order to look into actual post-burn experiences of ten female participants. Through individual in-depth interviews, verbatim transcription and content analysis, the overarching themes included 6 thematic headings and 12 sub-themes. It points out that healthcare professionals, community organizations, and government agencies can work together to establish support networks in order to help them cope with the physical and emotional trauma of their injuries, and promote their overall well-being.
Development of Automated Test Equipment to Improve the Measurement Uncertainty of Seismic Acceleration Sensors: Focusing on Tilting-Type Equipment
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Cho Seong-Cheol , Kim Min-Jun , Yoon Seok-Won , Won Jeong-Hun
Published: August 2023

This study developed an automated seismic acceleration sensor test equipment to improve the high measurement uncertainty of existing test equipment with the tilting method. The equipment was developed by setting the legal standards for seismic acceleration sensor test equipment and the problems of existing test equipment as performance indicators. The problems with the existing test equipment, which was manually operated, included measurement error owing to handling vibration, occurrence of angle error according to the observation field, and measurement method without considering hysteresis. The developed equipment satisfied the legal standards, and the problem of measurement error owing to handling vibration and angle error according to the observation field of view was improved by attaching a servo motor and precision level to the measurement equipment. Hysteresis control has been improved by adding the delay time control function of dedicated software (S/W). The developed automated seismic acceleration sensor test equipment can be used for the testing of seismic acceleration sensors, and the operating software reduced measurement uncertainty in the testing of seismic acceleration sensors.
A Policy Proposal on the Counter-terrorism Directive of the Ministry of National Defense
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Jeon Bong Gu , Lee Dae Sung
Published: August 2023

This study aims to examine the history, legal character, and limitations of the 'Counterterrorism Directive of the Ministry of National Defense' and propose directions for revising relevant laws to overcome these limitations. The 'Counterterrorism Directive of the Ministry of National Defense' is an administrative rule and internal regulation that cannot serve as a legal basis to infringe upon the basic rights of citizens or restrict their freedom. The 'Counterterrorism Directive of the Ministry of National Defense' is an administrative rule and internal regulation that cannot serve as a legal basis to infringe upon the basic rights of citizens or restrict their freedom. There is also a concern that the overlapping involvement of the Defense Counterintelligence Command and the Criminal Investigation Command of the Ministry of National Defense in counterterrorism investigations could lead to confusion during the initial stages of the investigation. Therefore, it is necessary to revise the relevant laws to ensure legal control over the military's counterterrorism investigations and the collection of information on terrorist suspects, and the reevaluation of the counterterrorism investigative agency for military facilities should be conducted.
Differences in the Perceptions, Attitudes, and Intentions of Consumers according to Eco-Friendly Labels on Household Chemical Products: With a Focus on Detergents and Fabric Softeners
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Song Eugene , Shin Jaeho , Li Jianguo , Yoo Hyun Jung
Published: August 2023

This study examines the differences in the perceptions, attitudes, and intentions of consumers according to “eco-friendly” labels on products and explores the relationship factors in the current situation where “eco-friendly” has emerged as a topic in society. The findings were summarized as follows: The study analyzed the effects of product perceptions and attitudes on their purchase, recommendation, and behavioral intentions and found that product performance and preference had significant effects on their purchase and recommendation intentions. When there was an eco-friendly mark on products, it had impacts on the intentions of consumers to check usage amounts and their behavioral intentions regarding these amounts. These findings offer data to support the argument that an eco-friendly mark can bring clear differences to the product perceptions and attitudes of consumers and may serve as materials to figure out their propensity to consume in an eco-friendly manner.
The Effects of Impulsiveness, Depression and Distress Tolerance on Problematic Drinking of Undergraduates: The Moderated Mediating Effect of Gender
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Jo Woong Rae , Kim Hee Kyung
Published: August 2023

This study investigated the effects of impulsiveness, depression and distress tolerance on problematic drinking of undergraduate students. A total of 433 participants took part in the online survey. Problematic drinking had a significant positive correlation with impulsiveness, depression, and a significant negative correlation with distress tolerance. According to the process macro analysis, distress tolerance showed a significant partial mediating effect in the effect of impulsiveness on problematic drinking and the effect of depression on problematic drinking. The moderated mediating effect of gender was significant in the effect of impulsiveness on problematic drinking through distress tolerance, and the influence was greater in male than female. The moderated mediating effect of gender was not significant in the effects of depression and distress tolerance on problematic drinking. These results suggest that gender should be considered in the intervention for problematic drinking, and that it is important to reduce impulsiveness and depressed mood and strengthen the ability to tolerate distress in order to reduce problematic drinking in male undergraduates.
Let Burn: The Making and Breaking of a Firefighter/Paramedic
Authors: Wentz Rachel
Published: August 2023

In 1985, desiring a meaningful, high-paced career in public service, Rachel Wentz left her university studies to become a firefighter/paramedic. Only the eighth woman hired by the Orlando Fire Department, a highly competitive department steeped in tradition, Wentz excelled, completing an AS in Fire Science, a master’s in public administration, and numerous specialized training courses to prepare her for an administrative position within the department. Wentz spent eleven years with OFD, experiencing a career that was every bit as exciting and challenging as she had sought. A moving, candid, and eloquent memoir, Let Burn recounts her experiences as a firefighter/paramedic, during which time she witnessed aspects of life and death few people are privy to, experiences that shaped her as a professional and as a person. From the rigorous demands of training to the extraordinary calls Wentz responded to, Let Burn details the gratifying aspects of the field, but also demonstrates the precarious nature of the job: a heated altercation at the scene of an industrial fire leads to Wentz losing almost everything she’s worked for and the dramatic end of a storied career. In vivid detail, Let Burn provides a firsthand glimpse into the hidden world of firefighting and emergency medicine.
What does it mean for urban life to see livestock grazing in post-industrial American cities?
Authors: Sanyal Tithi , Thün Geoffrey , Neuhaus Fabian , Robertson Natalie
Published: August 2023

Until the nineteenth century, American urban dwellers cohabited with livestock and cities formed ecologically diverse spaces. In the late nineteenth century, a series of urban livestock policies coupled with industrial agricultural transformations displaced livestock to urban fringes and rural areas. These developments radically altered human–animal relationships in the urban context, limited economic opportunity and over time have shaped contemporary issues of food access and food justice within cities. Post-industrial cities in the United States, such as Detroit, are characterised by patterns of urban shrinkage and high levels of vacancy. Within this context, urban farming has emerged as a framework and movement to stabilise communities, address local food access and leverage vacancy towards new models of occupation. In 2013, the City of Detroit Urban Agricultural Ordinance was passed to formalise decades of community-driven urban agricultural practices. The ordinance provides guidelines for urban farms and gardens and for managing allied resources. Deliberation on urban agriculture and livestock ordinances continues today. While existing policies provide a framework for food-based development of neighbourhoods, they remain focused on the incremental scale of existing single-family housing and adjacent vacant plots versus larger assemblages that may participate in the production of new urban collectives and assemblages. Detroit’s current context presents opportunities to scale operations via new urban design typologies and socially integrated models that leverage vacancy to construct alternate, collective models of urban life. A speculative urban design proposition for Riverbend Farming Cooperative is presented and proposes a courtyard-based cooperative farming development incorporating permaculture and animal husbandry within a formerly residential superblock as an alternative model of urban development. Through this design speculation, the article reflects upon the social, economic and ecological potentials for cohabiting with livestock and illustrates opportunities and challenges for new models of community development balancing social, environmental and economic interests through new models of agri-urbanism.
Madrid Quezada, J. F. (2022). Los árboles de la ciudad de México durante el siglo XIX. Espacios, usos y promotores del arbolado público
Authors: Ribera Carbó Eulalia
Published: August 2023

Madrid Quezada, J. F. (2022). Los árboles de la ciudad de México durante el siglo XIX. Espacios, usos y promotores del arbolado público. México: Instituto de Investigaciones Dr. José María Luis Mora. 421 pp. ISBN 978-607-8793-62-4
El control urbano y la política de humanización del espacio público en la ciudad de Buenos Aires (2007-2019)
Authors: Berardo Martina Daniela
Published: August 2023

Mediante una relectura de los estudios del control social a la luz de nociones de la teoría urbana crítica, el artículo propone como hipótesis que la producción de «espacio urbano» incluye una dimensión paraurbanística. Para estudiar dicha dimensión del fenómeno, se propone la categoría «control urbano» y el objetivo es identificar y analizar las características que éste asumió en el contexto de una política urbana orientada a la transformación estética y funcional del «espacio público» durante tres gestiones del partido Propuesta Republicana (2007-2019) en la ciudad de Buenos Aires. La metodología empleada consiste en el análisis descriptivo e interpretativo de un corpus de normativas y documentos oficiales. Luego de reconstruir las modificaciones introducidas por el oficialismo local en la normativa contravencional y las «estrategias de control urbano» implementadas, se concluye que durante el período estudiado el «control urbano» se caracterizó por la combinación de prácticas punitivas tradicionales con otras más novedosas enmarcadas en una «moral urbana hegemónica»: mediante esquemas de legitimidad e ilegitimidad, se apunta a reducir la «complicidad» de los «exteriores urbanos» con la realización de prácticas catalogadas como indebidas, protagonizadas por los sectores populares.
Implementación del modelo RNR en la rehabilitación de infractores adultos: un estudio de caso en el Maule, Chile
Authors: Sanhueza Guillermo , Brander Francisca
Published: August 2023

El llamado modelo de «riesgo-necesidad-responsividad» (RNR) para intervenir con infractores adultos ha mostrado importantes resultados en países desarrollados en materia de disminución de reincidencia (hasta 35% de disminución) (Andrews, Bonta & Wormith, 2011). En este contexto, el gobierno chileno adquirió su licencia para implementarlo en cárceles chilenas. Este artículo analiza la implementación del RNR en dos centros penitenciarios de la región del Maule, a partir de entrevistas realizadas a siete profesionales que trabajan en Gendarmería de Chile. Nuestros hallazgos muestran que, si bien el RNR es conocido y valorado como algo positivo por los profesionales entrevistados, no existirían condiciones adecuadas para una implementación exitosa, teniendo en consideración la precariedad de la infraestructura carcelaria, escasas instancias de entrenamiento para los profesionales y un ambiente carcelario altamente complejo para el tratamiento. En suma, a pesar de la evidencia internacional a favor de este modelo, es importante atender a las condiciones de implementación de los programas para que estos sean exitosos.
Policía, sectores populares y pandemia COVID19. Una exploración en la ciudad de Santa Fe
Authors: Rabuffetti Angelina Sofía , Sozzo Máximo
Published: August 2023

En este trabajo se aborda en qué medida el trabajo policial en una zona urbana de sectores populares en la ciudad de Santa Fe cambió como consecuencia de la pandemia de COVID19 y las medidas gubernamentales tomadas al respecto durante los años 2020 y 2021 y si esto generó mutaciones en la manera en que se representa socialmente a las fuerzas policiales que tienen presencia en dicho territorio urbano —la Policía de la Provincia de Santa Fe y la Prefectura Naval Argentina—. Se trata de una exploración microscópica, a través de una vía específica —las entrevistas en profundidad con referentes sociales y estatales— que consideramos que, aun cuando limitada, resulta útil a los fines de generar un aporte a una mirada más amplia acerca de la imagen pública de la policía y al impacto en ella de la pandemia de COVID 19 y sus consecuencias.
Guerra, genocidio y negacionismo. Los pueblos originarios y el Estado en Argentina
Authors: Delrio Walter
Published: August 2023

En Argentina los mitos del origen europeo de su población y de la extinción de los pueblos originarios han estado vigentes por 140 años. Han tenido fuerza explicativa para negar no sólo derechos a los pueblos originarios sino también para afirmar públicamente su misma extinción. A partir del fin de la última dictadura militar (1976-1983) y el retorno de la democracia se ha venido reconociendo la existencia y derechos de los pueblos originarios. Al mismo tiempo, se produjo una fuerte crítica a todo el relato historiográfico que había sostenido a estos mitos.

No obstante, en el presente, el debate sobre la historia continúa. En el actual contexto de confrontación política entre diferentes modelos encontramos nuevos discursos que articulan viejas explicaciones sustentadas en aquellos mitos. Luego de la tendencia a la crítica al discurso tradicional se han constituido nuevas propuestas revisionistas y negacionistas ancladas en el contexto político actual. Estas reutilizan y redefinen los estereotipos de los indígenas extranjeros, chilenos, el mito de la violencia innata y la ilegitimidad del reclamo de derechos por parte de los pueblos originarios.

Estas construcciones discursivas acompañan un proceso de creciente violencia hacia las organizaciones y demandas de los pueblos originarios en la Patagonia, donde se identifica al pueblo mapuche como un enemigo interno.

En este trabajo proponemos abordar este contexto teniendo en cuenta la producción científica sobre el proceso histórico de sometimiento e incorporación indígena a la matriz estado-nación-territorio en Argentina, enfocando especialmente el caso de la Patagonia y el pueblo mapuche.
Hijas del despojo. Trayectorias laborales de mujeres mapuche urbanas al sur de Wallmapu, 1985-2020
Authors: Carillanca Carillanca Carolina
Published: August 2023

Este artículo aborda las consecuencias del despojo en las trayectorias laborales de mujeres mapuche urbanas y la situación del trabajo desde la perspectiva de las mujeres trabajadoras mapuche urbanas al sur de Wallmapu, 1985-2020. Estas mujeres pertenecen a, dos generaciones que participan en el mercado de trabajo del Fütawillimapu (gran territorio de la gente del sur). A partir del nütram se reconstituye la historia social personal de cada trabajadora y se abordan las trayectorias laborales, en su secuencia tiempo y espacio: asentamiento, inserción, experiencia de entrada y salida del espacio laboral. Así, se da cuenta que las lógicas del despojo de la corporalidad están articuladas por las consecuencias del despojo territorial, ambas coexisten en una tercera, el despojo político, que sigue relegando el papel de la historicidad de los pueblos indígenas en el trabajo.
Más allá de la legislación social en tiempos lencinistas: tensiones y consensos en la agenda legislativa
Authors: Iriart Gabrielli Gimena
Published: August 2023

El proceso de construcción de políticas sociales no constituyó una nota exclusiva de Mendoza, sino que guarda relación con los avatares nacionales e internacionales, aunque recibió durante los tiempos lencinistas un empuje decisivo posicionándola como pionera en materia social.

En este marco, este trabajo se propuso rescatar los procesos de consenso y conflicto al momento de cincelar las políticas sociales en el seno de la Legislatura, apuntando a recuperar las voces de los actores políticos para dar cuenta de las visiones políticas, sociales y económicas que mantuvieron las distintas fuerzas políticas, de los encuentros y desencuentros frente al rol estatal y de la incidencia de las trayectorias y saberes de algunas figuras concretas en el diseño de las mismas. A pesar del consenso reformista de posguerra, los políticos entablaron disputas en torno a los límites de la penetración estatal y los fundamentos del régimen representativo, republicano y federal.
Las relaciones entre psicología y educación en la formación de maestros en la Argentina. Una perspectiva histórica y curricular
Authors: Amarillo Matías
Published: August 2023

Presentamos una síntesis de nuestra tesis en docencia universitaria centrada en aportar evidencias para una historia de las problematizaciones de los objetos en el cruce entre psicología y formación docente en la Argentina. Con la apertura de la Escuela Normal de Paraná comienza el establecimiento de la psicología como disciplina escolar en los inicios de la formación de maestros en la Argentina a partir de 1871, instituyendo un ámbito de enseñanza inédito en nuestro país. Desde una investigación exploratoria y a través de un diseño bibliográfico se indaga la génesis, objetivo y contenidos disciplinares. Para la producción de datos se recurrió a la observación documental y al análisis de contenido. En cuanto al análisis se realizó una lectura exploratoria del corpus documental y su codificación. La perspectiva teórica y metodológica recurre a la historia crítica de la psicología, la construcción histórica de las disciplinas escolares, la historia de la educación y los estudios específicos sobre el curriculum y la formación de maestros en la Argentina. La investigación permitió desmontar algunos supuestos y visibilizar la especificidad de las relaciones entre psicología y formación docente en la argentina, así como también ofrece una herramienta con potencial interpretativo para revisar esta formación en la actualidad.
De la observación del niño a la experiencia de percepción en la formación docente de Nivel Inicial.
Authors: Montiveros María Luján
Published: August 2023

Este trabajo nace de la inquietud que nos habita como formadores de docentes de Nivel Inicial, vinculada a la manera en que, desde las carreras de formación docente grado, se van configurando las miradas en los/as estudiantes sobre las infancias. Nos proponemos en este sentido, compartir algunas de las reflexiones y diálogos que vienen teniendo lugar en los últimos años en el equipo docente de las asignaturas del campo de la práctica, de un profesorado en educación inicial de la Provincia de San Luis. Nos interesa especialmente proponer un espacio para la discusión sobre los modos en que las ciencias de la educación, bajo los cánones establecidos por la ciencia moderna, sigue operando en las formas en que, desde la formación docente, se configura una mirada particular sobre los niños y niñas del Nivel Inicial. Del mismo modo, es nuestra intención acercar de la mano de la fenomenología, algunas puntas de ovillo que nos acerquen a estudiantes y docentes, a lugares y posiciones diferentes de percepción y relación con las infancias, habilitando otras formas de relación pedagógica posibles en el Nivel Inicial.
El lenguaje musical del chamamé a través del bandoneón de Isaac Abitbol: propuestas metodológicas para la transcripción en formato lead–sheet
Authors: Suárez Pablo Javier
Published: August 2023

La cultura musical–danzaria del chamamé es compartida por una población que se estima entre 30 y 35 millones de personas distribuidas en seis países de Sudamérica. En este contexto, la figura del bandoneonista y compositor Isaac Abitbol es central en la historia del género. Sin embargo, aunque un número considerable de investigaciones se han dedicado al estudio de esta expresión cultural, muy pocas se han enfocado en lo estrictamente musical. El propósito de este trabajo es aportar a la construcción consciente, profunda y respetuosa de un corpus de partituras de chamamé en formato lead sheet. Para ello, se diseñó una metodología de análisis, y se entrevistó a músicos/as autoadscriptos/as al género a fin de conocer sus perspectivas emic y generar instancias colaborativas de trabajo. Los aportes metodológicos, como también las partituras producidas en este trabajo, podrían representar una contribución significativa por un lado, a la difusión y enriquecimiento del chamamé, y por otro, a una mayor comprensión y asimilación de este género en instituciones de enseñanza y otros ámbitos musicales.
Социальный капитал молодых предпринимателей в условиях пандемии COVID-19: на примере владельцев крафтовых пространств Санкт-Петербурга
Authors: Балацюк Елизавета Сергеевна , Гладченко Екатерина Андреевна
Published: August 2023

Кризисным моментом для многих крафтовых предпринимателей стала начавшаяся в 2020 г. пандемия COVID-19. Появление новых рисков и ограничений в контексте ведения крафтовой предпринимательской деятельности потребовало поиска новых решений и ресурсов для преодоления возникших сложностей. Одним из источников таких ресурсов для крафтовых предпринимателей стали их сети взаимоотношений с социальными агентами, выполняющие роль каналов извлечения экономической выгоды. Подобные сети в рамках представленного исследования рассматриваются как социальный капитал. С опорой на теоретическую концепцию капитала Пьера Бурдье в рамках качественной парадигмы в статье проведен анализ социального и культурного капитала молодых предпринимателей, владельцев крафтовых пространств Санкт-Петербурга. Авторы показывают, что эти альтернативные формы капитала использовались крафтовыми предпринимателями в период пандемии для сохранения своего бизнеса: через утверждение символической значимости дела в сегменте крафтовой экономики и формирование комьюнити.
Благодарность. Статья подготовлена в рамках проекта «“Пережить трудные времена и сохранить бизнес”: стратегии совладания с кризисом молодых предпринимателей Санкт-Петербурга» Программы фундаментальных исследований Национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики» в 2021 г.
Агентность не-человеков: взаимодействие людей и социальных роботов
Authors: Гаврилина Елена Александровна
Published: August 2023

В статье предпринята попытка реконструировать категорию агентности применительно к автономным интеллектуальным системам в контексте человекомашинного взаимодействия с социальными роботами. Представлен обзор эмпирических исследований взаимодействия людей и социальных роботов, диапазон которых распространяется от простых дескрипций до изучения доверия и реципрокности. Показано, что технические разработки в сфере социальной робототехники и реальный, эмпирически фиксируемый способ интеракций людей и социальных роботехнических систем может быть довольно консистентно интерпретирован через теоретическую призму объектно-ориентированных онтологий и акторно-сетевой парадигмы.
Инфраструктура как камера-обскура социальных классификаций: системы городского видеонаблюдения в малых городах
Authors: Серебренников Дмитрий Евгеньевич
Published: August 2023

Изучение паттернов социальных классификаций активно развивалось в так называемом слабом проекте когнитивной социологии. Однако со временем последний столкнулся с аргументированной критикой «сильных» альтернатив за бессистемность и постулирование примата социального над индивидуальным в любых взаимодействиях. В данной статье предпринята попытка показать возможности для продуктивной работы в духе «слабого» проекта благодаря дополнению его теоретическим наследием Мэри Дуглас, а также идеями Сьюзен Стар и ее соавторов о связях инфраструктур с системами классификаций.
Специфика намеченной теоретической рамки будет показана на примере изучения основных паттернов опасного/безопасного пространства в мыслительных коллективах чиновников, близких к силовым органам власти, на примере трех кейсов муниципальных систем видеонаблюдения «Безопасный город» в одном из регионов России. Мы показываем, что общие принципы расположения камер в городе указывают на некоторые паттерны опасных и неконтролируемых пространств, и находим два общих типа таких паттернов. Один связан со способом организации всей системы на территории района и разными акцентами на пространствах для обеспечения безопасности (в этом смысле камеры могут быть расположены распределенным или централизованным образом). Другой указывает непосредственно на типы территорий, которые могут быть потенциальными источниками угроз: детские пространства, критическая инфраструктура и символические объекты.
Благодарность. Автор выражает признательность Кириллу Титаеву, Екатерине Ходжаевой и всем сотрудникам Института проблем правоприменения при Европейском университете в Санкт-Петербурге, благодаря которым одна идея смогла превратиться в полноценное исследование, а также двум анонимным рецензентам за ценные комментарии.
Penerapan Prinsip First to file Dalam Sengketa Merek Terkenal
Authors: Tanjung Damar Ramadhanna , Njatrijani Rinitami , Rahmanda Bagus
Published: August 2023

The “Superman” brand dispute between DC Comics and PT Marxing Fam Makmur was caused by the use of the first to file principle where the “Superman” brand owned by DC Comics could not be registered because the mark had already been registered by PT Marxing Fam Makmur. This study uses a normative juridical approach. The purpose of this study is to determine the legal protection for bad faith towards the well-known brand, namely "Superman" which is owned by DC Comics in accordance with Law No. 20 of 2016 concerning Marks and Geographical Indications and the application of the first to file principle in this trademark dispute. In the discussion, it is known that the legal protection for the "Superman" brand owned by DC Comics is in accordance with Law no. 20 of 2016 due to bad faith in the registration of the Superman brand owned by PT Marxing Fam Makmur. In this dispute the principle of first to file is used to determine who is entitled to the trademark "Superman".
Uwarunkowania meteorologiczne silnych burz - analiza przypadku z 10 lipca 2020 roku
Authors: Stępczyński Dawid
Published: August 2023

Considered the most dangerous type of thunderstorm, supercell thunderstorms appear in strictly defined meteorological conditions in the troposphere. Predicting their location is particularly problematic in an environment of strong vertical wind shear and low instability. An example of such a situation is the supercell that contributed to the development of the tornado on July 10, 2020 at 18:10 CEST in Ustronie Morskie. On that day, two dangerous supercells were also created, which, at the peak of activity, passed over Lubusz and Masovian Provinces. The tornado in Ustronie Morskie was formed on the wavy front, while the supercell developing in Lubusz and Mazovia Land was observed on the cold front. Large hail and damaging wind gusts associated with the downburst in the west of the country took place in higher atmospheric instability than the other cases. The MLCAPE was over 200 J kg–1 higher than that for peak activity of the other storms discussed in the paper. This could have been crucial for the formation of the largest hail recorded on July 10, 2020 in Poland. The highest values of wind shear and storm relative helicity occurred on the coast which could have influenced the formation of a tornado despite the low values of atmospheric instability. The hook echo radar signature in Mazovia Land developed with a similar MLCAPE as the tornado on the coast (nearly 500 J kg–1). On the other hand, the MUCAPE and SBCAPE was much higher there (approx. 500 J kg–1 more), and so was the LCL level. This proves a higher humidity deficit in the lower troposphere in the place where the hook echo passes. With regard to the ESTOFEX and Skywarn Polska convection outlook, the tornado was the most difficult phenomenon to predict. Hail and damaging wind gusts not related to rotation coincided to a greater extent with the convective outlook.
Zimowe ekstrema termiczne w Polsce i ich cyrkulacyjne uwarunkowania
Authors: Tomczyk Arkadiusz M. , Miś Filip
Published: August 2023

The study’s objective was to determine the spatial and temporal variability of occurrence of extremely warm days in winter in Poland in 1966/67–2020/21, and to determine the effect of atmospheric circulation on their occurrence. An extremely warm day is defined as a day with a maximum daily air temperature equal to or higher than the value of the 95. percentile. The effect of atmospheric circulation on the occurrence of the analyzed days was determined on the basis on two teleconnection patterns, namely the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Scandinavia (SCAND). The progressing warming translated into increasingly frequent occurrence of extremely warm days. In terms of the abundance of such days, the following winters stood out in the entire multiannual period: 1989/90, 2015/16, 2006/07, and 2001/02.
Próba identyfikacji zasięgu oddziaływania lodowca górskiego na temperaturę powietrza - na przykładzie lodowca Engabreen (Norwegia)
Authors: Dyszy Wiktoria , Grajek Zofia
Published: August 2023

This study aims to identify the extent of mountain glacier influence on air temperature in the vertical profile, using the Engabreen glacier (Norway) as an example. An important aspect of the work is also an analysis of the variation in surface temperature and wind conditions in the valley of the Engabreen glacier. The analysis was carried out based on measurement data of vertical air temperature taken over the glacier cavity with sensors mounted to an unmanned aerial vehicle. The field survey was carried out on 25 July 2022 in the afternoon. The results of the measurements may indicate that the presence of the glacier reduces the air temperature gradient with altitude compared to the surrounding areas. Above the glacier, the air temperature in the vertical profile increases with height. Based on the profiles taken above the glacier, it was concluded that the surface of the glacier influences the air temperature above it up to an altitude of 37–53 m above ground level.
The Ideological and Ontological Causes of Russia’s War on Ukraine. West versus East; Tyranny versus Democracy
Authors: Hordiichuk Olha
Published: August 2023

The article deals with the causes of Russia’s war on Ukraine, which is based on political and geopolitical interests, economic and military strategies, ambitions of individual political leaders, and mentality factors. The ontological basis of the war is the historically formed fundamental difference between the spiritual world, mentality traits of Ukrainians and Russians, which formed under the influence of a particular culture, with its ethnic, value and worldview coordinates, and under the influence of ideologies that determined the features of social and political life at different historical times. A strong spiritual system is created in the social and cultural space of the state, which preserves its values from generation to generation in the culture, forming a stable mentality and enduring attitudes. Their conceptual comprehension expands the context of cause-and-effect connections, helps to understand the situation more deeply and to choose optimal effective mechanisms for gradually successfully resolving the complex geopolitical situation that threatens the whole world.
Doing GenderBody and Gendered Probation. A Case (Re)Constructive Analysis of Gendered Probation
Authors: Kirchner Anna , Zizek Boris
Published: August 2023

With the present article an extension of the doing gender concept by another important dimension, the body, is proposed. Butler showed that sex results from the materialization and we argue that not only gender emerges from interactive doing, but also does sex. This process is called Doing GenderBody and interestingly we showed that it is not done by doing the gender. After the inactive production of a gender/sex, it follows an evaluation process of this produced gender/sex, called the probation. Moreover, this gender/sex must be a valuable contribution to the community. The valency of the probation figure does not only depend on the collective view, but also on a produced sex/gender which contradict the shared gender/sex knowledge. Further, because of this contradiction the single person sees this as a valuable contribution to the community. The analysis of the art works we have done allowed us to show the fundamental modes of the possibility for probation figures to be constructed.
Women’s Reproductive Health Rights in Poland. Between a Druggists’ Conscience Clause and Their Legal Duty to Provide Contraceptives
Authors: Ciereszko Kinga , Napiwodzka Karolina , Nowak Ewa , Hemmerling Kay
Published: August 2023

This article recommends the promotion of moral competence in the health and pharmacy professions to enable them to respect human and patient health rights with a focus on the provision of reproductive and sexual health care services. In certain cultures, health care and drug providers follow their conscientious objection (conscience clause) and decline to perform specific health services, including the provision of legal contraceptives in cases protected by legal and human rights. Such malpractices may violate patients’ and purchasers’ legitime rights. The article also presents findings obtained in Poland with N=121 women experimentally interviewed to examine their experiences as contraception purchasers, to assess their preference concerning facing human vs. robotic pharmacists, to manage the risk of refusal argued by the conscientious objection, and to score their moral competence with one of the dilemmas included in the MCT by G. Lind. This study demonstrated that purchasers with higher C-score (C for moral competence) would not just prefer a robotic pharmacist without a ‘conscience’ but, rather, a competent sales staff able to instruct the patient and advice her on any related queries. It further results that participants with higher moral competence are thus less likely to trust the medical expertise of artificial intelligence. We conclude that public institutions in pluralistic societies must manage normative reproductive health contexts more inclusively, and the election, education, and practice of health professionals in the public health care sector require the development of a normative mindset toward respecting the rights of all patients instead of respecting them selectively at the diktat of particularistic conscience.
Correlational Research on Mobile Phone Addiction and the Interpersonal Relationship Distress of Chinese College Students
Authors: He Liming , Yang Shaogang , Meng Yangyang
Published: August 2023

In this essay, we utilized the following scales: Mobile and Internet Addiction Test, Basic Psychological Needs Scale, Negative Coping Style Questionnaire, and Interpersonal Relationships Assessment Scale. With those, we surveyed 1,730 college students, investigating the influence of mobile phone addiction on their interpersonal relationship distress and the mediating chain effect of basic psychological needs and negative coping styles on mobile phone addiction and interpersonal relationship distress. The results indicate that: (1) Mobile phone addiction can predict interpersonal relationship distress in college students; (2) Basic psychological needs serve as the mediating variables between mobile phone addiction and interpersonal relationship distress; (3) Negative coping styles prove to be the mediator between mobile phone addiction and interpersonal relationship distress; and (4) Basic psychological needs and negative coping styles establish a mediating chain effect between mobile phone addiction and interpersonal relationship distress.
COCO, a process simulator: methane oxidation simulation & its agreement with commercial simulator’s predictions
Authors: Oyegoke Toyese
Published: August 2023

It is impossible to overstate the value of process simulators in teaching process engineers about petrochemical, chemical, nuclear, and biological processes. Several chemical engineering topics, including process design, thermodynamics, process integration, separation processes, safety, and others, are made easier to teach because of this. Only a handful of these process simulators are freeware, while most are largely commercial. The ones that are commercialized are renowned for their friendliness, extensive media coverage, and international credibility attained for their forecasts in several industrial applications. However, schools in low-income countries may not be able to buy them. In contrast, the freeware publicity is not relatively low, less friendly, and cheaper than the commercial ones. This research compares the agreement of the forecast of commercial process simulators with freeware ones in an effort to strengthen institutions’ trust in the prediction of freeware process simulators. The analysis modeled and simulated a chemical process involving the Gibbs reactor, heater, compressor, and mixer in the COCO and Aspen HYSYS simulators. Findings from the research reveal good agreement in the predicted results obtained from the various process simulators. With the use of COCO, different possible methane oxidation routes were analyzed. The analysis confirmed that the route leading to the formation of CO2 and water would be less energetic than other routes. In addition, the formation of water would be much easier in the process than hydrogen at the condition employed in the study. Due to cost, the study recommends using the freeware process simulator instead of the cracked version, which is often utilized in educating process engineers and research projects in communities where research and education are poorly funded.
Geometric morphometrics clarifies the taxonomic status of semifossorial shrews (Eulipotyphla, Soricidae, Cryptotis) from Mexican cloud forests
Authors: Vilchis-Conde José Manuel , Ospina-Garcés Sandra Milena , Ureta Carolina , Cervantes Fernando A. , Guevara Lázaro
Published: August 2023

The small-eared shrews Cryptotis mexicanus and Cryptotis obscurus (Eulipotyphla, Soricidae) are two closely related taxa from the northern Neotropics whose taxonomy is still unresolved. Here, we tested the hypothesis of three lineages (Northern, Central, and Southern) within this pair of semifossorial shrews. We photographed skulls, dentaries, and humeri from 226 museum specimens and used geometric morphometrics to evaluate sexual dimorphism, differences between lineages, and the effect of the environment on the shape of the structures. We found negligible differences between males and females, supporting previous studies of classical morphometrics in this genus. Our results also support the differentiation of semifossorial shrews into the three geographically isolated groups, where the size of the dentary and the shape of the three examined structures contribute to discrimination. We found a significant sign of the influence of the environment on the shape of the dentary but not on the skull or the humerus. We suggest that geographic isolation across climatically similar regions has contributed to the differentiation between lineages. We propose recognizing all three lineages as valid species that must be adequately described.
Diffractive light-trapping transparent electrodes using zero-order suppression
Authors: Sun Mengdi , Huang Di , Golvari Pooria , Kuebler Stephen M. , Delfyett Peter J. , Kik Pieter G.
Published: August 2023

A light-trapping transparent electrode design based on sub-surface binary dielectric gratings is introduced and demonstrated experimentally. The structure consists of metallic wires patterned with an array of silicon nanobeams. Optimization of the grating geometry achieves selective suppression of zero-order diffraction, while enabling redirection of incident light to an angle that exceeds critical angle of the local environment. Subsequent total-internal reflection allows recovery of light initially incident on the patterned metal wire. Experiments involving amorphous silicon gratings patterned on gold wires demonstrate a light-trapping efficiency exceeding 41 %. Modeling of crystalline silicon nanobeams on silver wires suggests that a shadowing loss reduction of 82 % is feasible. The achievement of a large shadowing reduction using a coplanar structure with high manufacturing tolerance and a polarization-insensitive optical response makes this design a promising candidate for integration in a wide range of real-world photonic devices.
Programmable metasurface for front-back scattering communication
Authors: Li Haipeng , Xin Kewei , Ding Haiyang , Li Tangjing , Hu Guangwei , Xu He-Xiu
Published: August 2023

Achieving high-efficient and low-power communication is pivotal yet very challenging in the emerging technologies. Unlike conventional backscatter communication system, we propose and demonstrate an amplitude-reconfigurable metasurface loaded with PIN diodes to build a front-back scattering communication transmitter, which features the exclusive advantages of full-space secondary modulation of the ambient signals with high energy utilization efficiency. Meanwhile, this device can eliminate the interference originated from the ambient source by polarization conversion in the transmission channel. At a modulation rate of 800 kbps and a distance of 80 m, our system can achieve distortion-free transmission of a picture with size of 200 × 200 pixels. In addition, multiple amplitude-shift-keying modulation is also realized by segmenting the metasurface to further increase the communication rate. Due to the advantages of high spectral efficiency and low energy consumption, this system can be widely used in future engineering applications for the internet of things, especially for smart home, agriculture environmental monitoring, wearable sensing and others.
Crystal structure of N-(Ar)-N′-(Ar′)-formamidine, C14H12Br2N2O
Authors: Munzeiwa Wisdom A. , Zamisa Sizwe J. , Omondi Bernard
Published: August 2023

C14H12Br2N2O, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 7.3470(3) Å, b = 9.4435(4) Å, c = 10.4335(4) Å, α = 78.943(2)°, β = 85.455(2)°, γ = 86.384(2)°, V = 707.37(5) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0313, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0927, T = 100 K.