bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrating Morphological Characteristics with Empirical Mode Decomposition for Robust ECG Signal Classification
Authors: Achamma T Varghese
Published: June 2024

Hyperkalemia, a critical concern, is the primary cause of sudden cardiac deaths in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Traditionally, blood tests serve as the gold standard for hyperkalemia detection. Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals offer a non-invasive means to assess cardiac activity and identify hyperkalemia in CKD patients. Hyperkalemia often presents ECG changes such as elevated T-waves, changes in P-wave morphology, prolonged PR intervals, widened QRS complexes, and, in severe instances, the onset of ventricular arrhythmias and sinusoidal waves. This study proposes a method for the classification of ECG signals for hyperkalaemia using a feature set extracted from electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. Our approach integrates morphological attributes, including P-wave amplitude, T-wave amplitude, QRS interval, PR interval, and ST depression, with spectral attributes such as total power, spectral entropy, variance, skewness, and singular values extracted from Intrinsic Mode Functions obtained through empirical mode decomposition., aiming to capture both structural and frequency domain information inherent in ECG signals. Morphological features provide insights into cardiac abnormalities associated with hyperkalemia and spectral features extracted from IMF, offer valuable information regarding the frequency distribution and complexity of ECG signals. The performance of three classifiers—Kernel Naïve Bayes (KNB), AdaBoost Ensemble Classifier, and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) is assessed using the extracted features. Among these classifiers, AdaBoost Ensemble Classifier demonstrated the most favorable classification results with sensitivity of 97.7, specificity of 98.84 and accuracy of 98.3%. These findings align with existing state-of-the-art approaches for hyperkalemia classification.
An Improved Deep Network and Handcrafted Feature-Based Scene Classification Convolutional Model for Self-Driving Cars
Authors: Sanjay P. Pande
Published: June 2024

With growing urbanization, cars have populated the roads to great extent. Intelligent cars are the need to mitigate the traffic and improve the traffic efficiency. Scene classification in one of the important ingredient of self-driven cars, which acts as a key source for good decision making tasks. Scene complexities and diversities have made the problem more complex resulting in similarities in different classes and differences in same categories. To deal with such scenarios, the proposed work present a fusion of various effective features obtained from deep networks and descriptors to classify scenes in four different categories. Local Features are obtained using the YOLOV5m and the VGG19 networks. The YOLOV5m is used to detect the relevant objects in the scene and the VGG19 is used to lift the blind features of the objects detected. The global feature extraction module is used to extract the blind features using VGG19 network. For improving the classification accuracy, eight handcrafted features adding fine and coarse details of the image are fused with local and global features. A fully connected network comprising of five layers is finally used to differentiate the scenes in four categories viz crosswalk, highway, over pass/tunnel and parking. A self-generated dataset is constructed from four different publicly available datasets to evaluate the performance of the proposed scene classification model. The experimental results show that even under high correlation between classes, the system was able to classify the test samples with 86.79% accuracy which is higher than the state-of-the-art models.
A Study on the Efficacy of Machine Learning Models in Intrusion Detection Systems
Authors: Praveen Kumar Shukla
Published: June 2024

The electronics industry has seen a rise in demand for faster and more affordable delivery due to developments in information technology. Technology is developing quickly, which simplifies living but also presents a number of security issues. As the Internet has grown over time, so too have the amount of online attacks. The intrusion detection system (IDS) is one of the supporting layers that can be utilized for information security. IDS avoids questionable network activity and provides a pristine environment for conducting business. In the process of building an e-commerce system, the most challenging aspect is ensuring user security during online transactions. Security methods for intrusion detection were investigated in this study. The need for ongoing intrusion detection monitoring stems from the need for continued technological adaptation, which leads to a comparison of adaptive artificial intelligence-based intrusion detection systems. This paper demonstrates the use of reinforcement learning (RL) and regression learning-based intrusion detection systems (IDS) to very challenging problems, including resource allocation and input feature selection.
Enhancing Data Security in SPARK Cluster: A Novel Symbol-based Authentication Approach
Authors: J.Balaraju
Published: June 2024

User authentication is the process of confirming an individual's identity prior to granting them access to a connected device, an online service, or any other valuable resource. Its importance lies in its capability to protect data, applications, and networks for organizations by restricting access to authorized individuals or approved processes. In this study, the widely used Apache Spark technology was employed for storing and analyzing vast amounts of data, and a unique authentication framework was introduced. A dynamic symbol selection authentication offers a promising alternative to traditional alphanumeric passwords, as well as biometric and facial authentications. This authentication method has been thoroughly tested in the highly distributed Apache Spark cluster. The implementation utilizes SHA512 cryptography in various ways and compares the results with existing authentication and machine learning algorithms. The authentication scheme, combined with the powerful Apache Spark distributed system consisting of 10 nodes, yielded exceptional outcomes.
Multiple Integrals Involving Pragathi-Satyanarayana’s I-Function, Generalized Gamma and Generalized Hypergeometric Functions
Authors: B. Satyanarayana
Published: June 2024

This paper evaluates the general multiple integrals involving Pragathi-Satyanarayana’s I-function, generalized gamma function and generalized hypergeometric function. The result is perceived as innovative and possesses the ability to generate the previous findings. Furthermore, a collection of corollaries will be revealed at the end.
LAYOUT ANALYSIS OF EQUIPMENT STORAGE AREA TO CREATE SAFE FLOW IN AIRPORT
Authors: Windriansyach Muhammad Ridho , Nugraha Minulya Eska , Masitoh Fitri , Ramadhani Shabrina , Hermala Zusnita
Published: June 2024

The flow access road in the airport make-up area still has obstacles from many Grounds Support Equipment (GSE) scattered during operational and non-operational hours that can be a hazard endangering ground handling officers and passengers. This study aims to overview the problems in the make-up area of Jenderal Ahmad Yani Semarang International Airport and provide a solution with a new layout of GSE to make a safe flow in the make-up area. This research used descriptive qualitative methods, data collection by observation, interview, and documentation with analytics design by Miles and Huberman. The solution to the problem in this study is designing a new eastern equipment parking area layout by optimizing the empty land of former containers and providing land for Baggage Carts (BCT) to make it tidier. The conclusion of this study is a layout design of the equipment storage area that can optimize the empty land of the former container into additional land to make equipment area storage more efficient and safe. The researcher also provides land for baggage carts. Hence, their placement is neater to avoid becoming an obstacle and suggests that third parties consider this research, which can also be applied at Jenderal Ahmad Yani Semarang International Airport.
Propolis tincture in the treatment of initiative marginal periodontitis
Authors: Botnaru Aida , Znagovan Alexandru , Zagnat Vasile
Published: June 2024

Early marginal periodontitis is the only reversible form of periodontitis that does not require an aggressive and technically complicated treatment, but which still requires an adequate and complex therapy. In medical literature, various natural remedies are recommended in the treatment of early marginal periodontitis. Among the less studied, we, among others, selected the remedy based on propolis. Propolis tincture has proven anti-inflammatory, regenerating, antimicrobial, antibacterial and anaesthetic properties, which are welcome and important in the complex treatment of early marginal periodontitis. Materials and methods: After a session of debridement, cotton strips soaked with propolis tincture are applied in the gingival sulcus. The procedure is repeated daily for five days. Assessment of the results: The results of the treatment are evaluated according to the dynamics of the changes in the gingival index (GI) of Löe and Silnes (1963) and the changes in the composition of the microbial morphological forms in the contents of the gingival sulcus.
Dual-light antibacterial photodynamic therapy in periimplant mucositis treatment
Authors: Bolun Radu , Vovc Maria Mihaela , Tighineanu Marcela , Baciu Dragoș , Fala Valeriu
Published: June 2024

Background. The link between biofilm accumulation around dental implants and the development of an inflammatory disease around them has been demonstrated in classical pre-clinical and clinical studies. In patients with peri-implant mucositis, the EFP S3 level clinical practice guideline suggest not to use locally administered agents (antiseptics, postbiotics, desiccant gel) or photodynamic therapy, as adjunct methods to professional mechanical plaque removal (PMPR). Instead, the use of a time limited self-administration of oral rinse antiseptics (chlorhexidine and herbal-based) or the professionally guided self-administration of probiotics may be considered. In previous studies, some antiseptics have been associated with undesirable side effects, such as transient anaesthetic sensation in the oral mucosa or higher levels of staining of the teeth or tongue. Previously, antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been used mainly in dental offices practice and rare aplications (1-4 times per year ) usually did not improve the results. Recently, LED based aPDT has been developed allowing repeated and practical use at home. Objective of the study. This study aimed to determine the clinical outcomes obtained with regular antibacterial photodynamic therapy in peri-implant mucositis treatment. Materials and methods. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 29 patients were enrolled in the study. Each of them had at least 1 implant diagnosed with mucositis. Patients were randomized into 2 groups: Study Group (GS) – 14 patients, and Control Group (GC) – 15 patients. Patients from GS, besides submarginal instrumentation, received repeated aPDT treatment. The study used a medical device containing a light-activated Lumorinse® mouthwash and a Lumoral® light activator. The primary outcome variable was peri-implant probing depth reduction (PiPD), while the secondary outcome variables were changes in bleeding on probing (mBOP) and plaque index (mPI). Clinical parameters were assessed at the beginning and after 2 months. Results. All 29 patients included in the study finalized the study. In GS and GC respectively, the results were: PiPD of 5.3±0.6 mm and 5.4±0.5 mm initially, and after 2 months 4.1±0.5 mm and 4.2±0.7 mm respectively (p >0.05), mPI was more reduced in GS group than GC (p < 0.05), and mBoP was lower in GS comparing to GC (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Patients from the control group showed better results on mPI and mBoP indices. Repeated aPDT treatment at home can improve oral hygiene and the results of peri-implant mucositis treatment. Additional studies are required to validate the current results.
Anatomical and biomechanical features of the interdental contact surfaces of the permanent teeth
Authors: Postolachi Alexandru
Published: June 2024

Abstract: With the help of a digital microscope, the anatomical and morphological characteristics of the proximal contact areas of permanent teeth (in vitro), the topography of interdental contacts on study models were studied. Elaborated classifications on the subject of the study, computer scheme to study the interdental contact points by the static biomechanical method. Actuality: The problem of the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of caries of high-quality proximal surfaces is one of the most important in the world. The defeat of this area is diagnosed in 73.8% of all carious defects (Лидман Г.Ю. и соавт., 2009). In Russia, proximal caries of posterior teeth reach 40% (Арнаутов Б. П., 2016). In the specialized literature, the morphology and biomechanics of proximal interdental contacts are sufficiently elucidated.Objective of the study: To study the microscopic characteristics of the morphology, topography and biomechanics of the interdental contact points of permanent teeth. Material and methods: 120 teeth extracted for medical reasons were prepared according to the generally accepted technique without making thin sections and studied. The microarchitectonics of the occlusal and proximal interdental contact areas was studied using a portable digital microscope “Levenhuk DTX 500 Mobi” (Levenhuk, USA). Interdental contact topography was studied on study models and on student volunteers aged 22 to 26 years. The microrelief of the proximal contact areas in all teeth has common features. They often consist of several, on average 2-3, different zones and configurations, thus resembling articular surfaces. The maxillary front teeth are characterized by the presence of two longitudinal areas separated by a thin enamel ridge. The biomechanical features of the interdental contacts of the lateral teeth were studied with the help of the “parallelogram of force” computerized scheme. Conclusions: 1. New data were obtained on the morphology of interdental contact points for all groups of teeth, their topography, microarchitectonics of contact areas and biomechanics characteristics). 2. Two classifications on the topic were elaborated (Acts of implementation USMF „Nicolae Testemițanu” of 05.12.2016 and 10.02.2019 at the Department of anatomy and clinical anatomy), which can help during the diagnosis, treatment planning, and the expert assessment of the quality of direct or indirect restoration. 3. Proximal interdental contacts are anatomical structures with complex architecture and biomechanics. Their shape and area depend on the anatomy and function of the teeth.
Analisis Isu-isu Berkaitan Hak dan Permasalahan Orang Kurang Upaya di Malaysia: Satu Sorotan Literatur
Authors: Mohd Khalil Nur Dayana , Shaberi Muhammad , Izhar Dayang Puteri Nazirah , Mat Rashid Azizah , Mohd Rapini Azizah
Published: June 2024

Orang Kurang Upaya (OKU) adalah seseorang yang mempunyai ketidakupayaan jangka masa panjang dari segi fizikal, mental, intelektual atau pancaindera yang apabila berhadapan dengan pelbagai halangan mungkin tidak dapat melibatkan diri sepenuhnya dan secara efektif dalam masyarakat. Golongan OKU mempunyai kesaksamaan hak dan peluang untuk menjalani kehidupan seperti anggota masyarakat yang lain. Pendekatan berasaskan hak atau rights-based dan juga perlindungan wajar digunakan bagi menjamin kepentingan dan kesejahteraan OKU. Kajian berkaitan OKU adalah penting bagi menjamin golongan OKU untuk mendapat hak dan keperluan yang sama rata dengan golongan normal dan bagi memastikan hak-hak golongan OKU tidak diabaikan. Objektif penulisan ini ialah untuk menganalisis kajian-kajian berkaitan hak dan permasalahan golongan OKU di Malaysia. Kajian ini adalah kajian kualitatif dan data-data diperolehi secara kajian perpustakaan dengan menganalisis artikel-artikel berkaitan dengan kajian golongan OKU. Kajian mendapati bahawa kebanyakan kajian melibatkan OKU sangat menitikberatkan aspek fasiliti dan kemudahan bagi golongan OKU. 
 
People with Disabilities (PWDs) are people who have with long-term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory disabilities.  When faced with various obstacles, they may not be able to participate wholly and effectively in society. People with disabilities have equal rights and opportunities to live their life like other members of society. Rights-based approaches and protection should be used to ensure the interests and well-being of the disabled. Studies related to the disabled are important to guarantee their rights and needs equally as to the normal people have and those rights are not neglected. The objective of this paper is to analyse of studies related to the disabled in Malaysia. This study is a qualitative study and the data are obtained through library research by analysing articles related to the study of the disabled. It is found that most of the studies involving the disabled place great emphasis on the aspects of facilities and amenities for the disabled.
Analisis Pendekatan Maqāṣid Al-Syari’ah Menurut Liberal Dalam Wacana Hukum Islam
Authors: Syahbudin Luqman Hakim , Junuh Muhammad Rasydan , Harun Muhammad Safwan
Published: June 2024

Maqāṣid al-syari’ah kini mendapat tempat dalam pelbagai wacana Islam. Dari sudut yang positif, perkembangan ini dilihat bermanfaat kepada masyarakat kerana ianya dapat menambahkan pemahaman umat Islam terhadap intipati Syariah serta penerimaan masyarakat majmuk melalui penzahiran kemaslahatan yang terdapat di sebalik syariah keseluruhannya. Namun demikian, mutakhir ini perbincangan maqāṣid al-syari’ah dilihat membimbangkan apabila bercambahnya aliran yang tidak lagi menjadikan disiplin usul al-fiqh dalam memahami nas syarak sebagai asas utama dalam perbincangan maqāṣid al-syari’ah dan penentuan maslahah. Sebaliknya, penafsiran-penafsiran yang bersifat hermeneutik dengan didorong hawa nafsu dan keinginan duniawi menjadi asas perbincangan wacana maqāṣid al-syari’ah bagi golongan ini. Justeru, melalui metodologi kepustakaan, kajian yang dijalankan ini bertujuan mendedahkan metodologi aliran liberal dalam wacana semasa maqāṣid al-syari’ah. Setelah menjalankan analisis kandungan secara deduktif, induktif dan komparatif, kajian mendapati terdapat empat pendekatan utama yang dipraktikkan oleh aliran ini dalam wacana hukum Islam dari perspektif maqāṣid al-syari’ah. Justeru, metodologi sedemikian perlu ditangani melalui pendekatan secara counter narratives.
Maqāṣid al-shari'ah now finds its place in various Islamic discourses. On the positive side, this development is seen as beneficial to the community as it can increase the understanding of Muslims towards the essence of Shari'ah as well as the acceptance of the plural societies through the disclosure of the sanctity behind the Shari'ah as a whole. Recently, the discussion of maqāṣid al-shari'ah is seen as alarming upon the flow of discussion was no longer makes the discipline of usul al-fiqh in understanding the syara' as the main basis in the discussion of maqāṣid al-shari'ah and the determination of maslahah. On the contrary, hermeneutic interpretations driven by lust and worldly desires become the basis of the discussion of maqāṣid al-shari'ah discourse for this group. Precisely, through the literature methodology, this study is aimed on revealing the methodology of liberal thought in the discourse of maqāṣid al-shari'ah. After conducting deductive, inductive and comparative content analysis, the study found that there are four main approaches practiced by this school in Islamic legal discourse from the perspective of maqāṣid al-shari'ah. In fact, such a methodology needs to be addressed through a counter-narrative approach.
Jual Beli “Likes” Dalam Perniagaan Atas Talian: Analisis Fiqh
Authors: Mat Jubri Shamsuddin Mustafa
Published: June 2024

Antara strategi pemasaran perniagaan atas talian yang menyasarkan tarikan para pembeli kepada produk ialah kebolehpercayaan mereka tentang kelarisan dan keberkesanan produk tersebut melalui bilangan suka atau likes dalam media sosial. Cara ini terkait dengan beberapa isu hukum yang perlu diperhalusi dan ditangani melalui analisis fiqh yang menyelidiki tujuan, cara dan kesan dalam permasalahan ini. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan membentangkan permasalahan ini secara tuntas, lantas mengenal pasti aspek-aspek yang memerlukan analisis hukum dan kemudian meletakkan parameter yang menentukan piawaian patuh syariah bagi permasalahan ini. Kajian ini bersandar kepada metod kualitatif melalui pengumpulan data dari sumber bertulis primer dan sekunder dan dengan menjadikan kaedah-kaedah ijtihad dan pendapat-pendapat ulama dalam menilai permasalahan ini dan hukum-hukum yang sesuai dengannya. Antara dapatan kajian ini ialah, jual beli suka ini terikat dengan hukum jual beli manfaat perkhidmatan sebagai asas keharusannya, manakala asas yang menyebabkan pengharamannya merujuk kepada unsur penipuan dan ketidakjelasan dalam urusan transaksi muamalah ini.
 
Among the online business marketing strategies that target the attraction of buyers to the product is their trust about the marketability and effectiveness of the product through the number of likes on social media. This practice is related to several legal issues that need to be refined and addressed through fiqh analysis that investigates the purpose, method and effect of this issue. Thus, this study aims to present this problem thoroughly, then identify the aspects that require fiqh analysis, and then place the parameters that determine the Shariah-compliant standards for this problem. This study relies on qualitative methods through the collection of data from primary and secondary written sources, and depends on the methods of ijtihad and the opinions of scholars in assessing this problem and the rulings that apply to it. Among the findings of this study is that the sale and purchase of likes is bound by the fiqh of sale and purchase of service benefits as the basis of its necessity, while the basis that causes the ban refers to the element of fraud and ambiguity in this transaction.
Persepsi Mahasiswa Kolej Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Selangor (KUIS) Dan Kolej Universiti Bestari (UCB) Terhadap Perkara 152, Perlembagaan Malaysia
Authors: Mohamad Ayu Nor Azilah , Mohamad Wayu Nor Asikin
Published: June 2024

Bahasa Melayu ialah Bahasa Kebangsaan di Malaysia. Bahasa Melayu termaktub Perkara 152 dalam Perlembagaan Malaysia. Kedudukan bahasa Melayu sebagai bahasa rasmi dikukuhkan dengan Akta Bahasa Kebangsaan 1967. Artikel ini membimbangkan tentang persepsi mahasiswa Kolej Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Selangor (KUIS) dan Kolej Universiti Bestari (UCB) terhadap Perkara 152, Perlembagaan Malaysia. Objektif kajian adalah untuk mengkaji tahap pengetahuan tentang sejarah kedudukan bahasa Melayu sebagai Bahasa Kebangsaan dan melihat tahap pemahaman mahasiswa tentang peranan bahasa Melayu sebagai bahasa perpaduan di Malaysia. Untuk itu, satu kajian dijalankan ke atas 100 orang mahasiswa di KUIS dan UCB dengan menggunakan kaedah pensampelan secara rawak. Dapatan kajian dianalisis menggunakan Statistical Package For Social Science (SPSS) versi 26. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa tahap pengetahuan dan pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap Perkara 152 berada tahap sangat tinggi dengan min keseluruhan ialah 4.357 serta sisihan piawaian 0.724. Ini membuktikan bahawa mahasiswa mengetahui sejarah dan memahami peranan bahasa Melayu yang sekaligus menjelaskan patriotisme terhadap bahasa negara. Benarlah slogan ‘Bahasa Jiwa Bangsa.’

Malay Language is the National Language of Malaysia. The Malay language is enshrined in Article 152 of the Malaysian Constitution. The position of the Malay language as an official language was strengthened by the National Language Act 1967. This article is focused on the perception of the students of Seangor International Islamic University College (KUIS) and University College Bestari (UCB) towards Article 152 of the Malaysian Constitution. The objective of the study is to examine the level of knowledge on the history of the Malay language position as the National Language and to observe the level of students’ understanding of the role of the Malay language as the language of unity in Malaysia. Hence, a qualitative method study was conducted by randomly distributed questionnaires among 100 KUIS and UCB students. The findings of the study were analyzed using Statictical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26. The results of the study found that the level of students’ knowledge and understanding of Article 152 was very high with an averall mean of 4.357 and a standard deviation of 0.724. This proves that students are aware of the history dan understand the role of the Malay language. At the same time, this study indicates the patriotism spirit towards the national language. Indeed, the slogan ‘Bahasa Jiwa Bangsa’ is true.
Jenayah Transeksual Dan Transgender: Analisis Dari Perspektif Perundangan Jenayah Syariah Malaysia
Authors: Zairiasdi Muhammad Muqris Alif , Mohd Shariff Ahmad Azam , Zaherman Nor Azila , Yahya Mohamad Azhan
Published: June 2024

Imej dan aktiviti lelaki berpakaian wanita secara terang-terangan melanggar norma dan prinsip jenayah syariah. Senario tersebut telah menjadi semakin subur dan berleluasa di seluruh pelusuk negara sehingga mencetuskan kerisauan dalam kalangan masyarakat Islam di Malaysia. Golongan ini semakin berani menampilkan imej lelaki berpakaian wanita di tempat awam. Malah para aktivis hak asasi barat yang memperjuangkan norma hak asasi barat amat lantang memperjuangkan hak asasi bagi golongan mak nyah dan drag queen ini. Justeru penulisan ini berhasrat untuk menkaji kesalahan “lelaki berpakaian wanita” menurut prinsip dan peruntukan jenayah syariah. Ia seterusnya mengenal pasti permasalahan undang-undang yang timbul dalam pembanterasan kesalahan serta kemudiannya mencadangkan penyelesaian yang bersesuaian. Dalam pengenalpastian permasalahan dan dapatan, penulis mengguna pakai kaedah metodologi perundangan tulin yang mana  kandungan prinsip dan peruntukan dianalisis secara kualitatif dan kritis. Cadangan yang bersesuaian kemudiannya diutarakan secara kualitatif. Adalah diharapkan agar dapatan serta cadangan yang diutarakan akan menjadi pencetus kesedaran terhadap ancaman sebenar mak nyah dan drag queen ke atas nilai moral masyarakat Islam di Malaysia.
The acts of male crossdressing and resembling female are synonymous with the lives of the transexual and transgender communities. Both are clearly in contradiction with Islamic norms and syariah criminal principles.  Such scenario has become widespread and rampant throughout the country, causing distress among muslims in Malaysia. The said group is becoming more daring in projecting their inverted image in public. The fundamental rights activists, propagating western human rights values, are very vocal and daring in demanding for the rights of these transvestites and drag queens.  This writing examines the offence of male crossdressing and resembling female according to syariah criminal principles and provisions. It then identifies legal problems in its eradication and suggests appropriate solutions. In its identification of problems and findings, the authors adopt the pure legal method with content of principles and provisions being qualitatively and critically analyzed. Appropriate suggestions are then proposed qualitatively. It is hoped that the findings and suggestions mooted out will become the catalyst to the realization of the genuine threat that transvestites and drag queens pose to the moral values of Malaysian Muslim communities.
Does Community-Based Tourism Contribute to Halal Tourism from a Maqasid Al-Shariah Perspective? A Case Study of Maldives
Authors: Abdul Latheef Mariyam Rafaa
Published: June 2024

This study aims to investigate the presence of halal tourism in the Maldives through the lens of Maqasid Shariah. It seeks to link halal and community-based tourism for marketing, attracting more halal tourists through shared objectives and aspirations. Despite a Muslim-majority population, Maldives' tourism sometimes conflicts with Shariah law. The study employed a qualitative approach, specifically surveys were employed to evaluate the extent of adherence to the Maqasid Shariah objectives in tourist establishments, while interviews were conducted with experts in Islamic finance & tourism industry in Maldives. And literature review was used to investigate prior research conducted in other jurisdictions. The topic of halal tourism in the Maldives has elicited divergent perspectives. However, the implementation of community-based tourism (CBT) has the capacity to stimulate economic advancement and enhance the agency of Indigenous communities. The study revealed that CBT has a limited but some impact on the advancement of halal tourism.
Kajian ini bertujuan menyelidik kewujudan pelancongan halal di Maldives menurut perspektif Maqasid Syariah. Ia bertujuan menghubungkan pelancongan halal dan pelancongan berasaskan komuniti untuk pemasaran, menarik lebih ramai pelancong halal melalui objektif dan aspirasi yang sama. Walaupun penduduk Maldives secara majoritinya beragama Islam, pelancongan di Maldives kadangkala bercanggah dengan undang-undang Syariah. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, khususnya tinjauan digunakan untuk menilai sejauh mana pematuhan kepada objektif Maqasid Syariah di tempat penginapan pelancong, manakala temu bual dijalankan dengan pakar dalam industri kewangan & pelancongan Islam di Maldives. Manakala tinjauan literatur digunakan untuk mengkaji penyelidikan terdahulu yang dijalankan di negara lain. Topik pelancongan halal di Maldives telah menimbulkan perspektif yang berbeza. Walau bagaimanapun, pelaksanaan pelancongan berasaskan komuniti mempunyai keupayaan untuk merangsang kemajuan ekonomi dan meningkatkan komuniti masyarakat orang asli. Kajian itu mendedahkan bahawa pelancongan berasaskan komuniti mempunyai kesan terhad tetapi memberi sedikit impak kepada kemajuan pelancongan halal.
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Authors: xxxxxx xxxxxxxx
Published: June 2024

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Bounded solutions for semilinear differential equations
Authors: Boudjema Souhila , Bouadi Abdelkader
Published: June 2024

A pseudo almost periodic function is the sum of an almost periodic function and of an ergotic perturbation. An asymptotically a.p. (almost periodic) function is the sum of an almost periodic function and another zero at infinity. The asymptotically a.a. (almost automorphic) and pseudo almost automorphic functions generalized the one of asymptotically a.p and pseudo a.p functions. In this paper, we study the existence of asymptotically a.p., asymptotically a.a., pseudo a.p., and pseudo a.a. mild solutions for a class of semilinear differential equations with a second term which is each time of the same nature as the desired solution. We stady after that the regular dependence of this solution with the initial value. more precisely when the initial conditions is a asymptotically a.p., asymptotically a.a., pseudo a.p., pseudo a.a. functions we study the differentiable dependence of asymptotically a.p., asymptotically a.a., pseudo a.p., pseudo a.a. solutions of our equation. In presenting our principal result, we delve into the proprieties of the superposition operator, alternatively referred to as the Nemytskii operator, within our defined space. Additionally, we emphasize the concept of derivation associated with this operator in the spaces of asymptotically a.p., asymptotically a.a., pseudo a.p., and pseudo a.a. functions . Furthermore, our paper incorporates the utilization of semi-groups, recognized as significant assets in the domain of differential equations. The principle of this work is to transfer our equation (dynamic system problem) to an operator between the spaces used before (functional analysis problem), and to apply the implicit function theorem of the differential of calculus in Banach spaces.
Estudo fitoquímico, físico-químico, de citotoxicidade frente a Artemia salina da espécie Crescentia cujete e atividade larvi-cida em Aedes aegyptis
Authors: Farias Ana Luzia Ferreira , Volpe Maria Izabel Côrtes , Miranda Júnior José Policarpo , Leite Rodolfo Carmo de Souza , Santos Lizandra Lima , Farias Carlos Wagner Ferreira , Sousa Ridelley de Sousa de , Almeida Sheylla Susan Moreira da Silva de
Published: June 2024

Crescentia cujete, comumente conhecida como cabaça ou cuiera, é uma espécie de planta nativa da América Central e do Sul. Esta árvore única possui um valor cultural, medicinal e ecológico significativo nas regiões onde cresce. Sendo assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi realizar o estudo fitoquímico, físico-químico, de toxicidade frente a Artemia salina e atividade larvicida em Aedes aegypti da poupa da Crescentia cujete L. A polpa da C. cujete L. foi submetida a um processo de secagem, pesagem e extração etanólico por percolação, e com água a frio, separadamente. Os materiais foram filtrados e os extratos brutos obtidos concentrados em rotaevaporador, sob pressão reduzida. Os testes foram realizados utilizando diferentes metodologias, sendo eles, testes de análise fitoquímica, físico-química: pH, cinzas totais e umidade toxicidade e atividade larvicida. O extrato apresentou resultados positivos para as seguintes classes de metabólitos secundários: ácidos orgânicos, açúcares redutores, saponinas, alcaloides, fenóis e taninos. O teste de toxicidade frente à Artemia salina e larvas não apresentou alto grau de toxicidade para as larvas, onde a maioria delas permaneceu viva durante o experimento. Nos parâmetros físico-químicos, a planta apresentou pH=4,60, provávelmente, pela ocorrência de saponinas, ácidos orgânicos e taninos; umidade de 21,2% ± 0,62, o que relaciona a pouca quantidade de água, fator indispensável para a não ocorrência de desenvolvimento de microrganismo ou degradação enzimática. Os resíduos por incineração (cinzas) da espécie se encontram dentro dos padrões farmacognósticos de 4,35±1,66. Apesar da espécie vegetal ter apresentado substâncias que apresentam atividade biológica tóxica comprovada, esta não toxicidade pode ser explicada, provavelmente, pela baixa concentração da substância presente nos extratos, não sendo possível, em mistura com muitas outras, apresentar ação tóxica, o que respaldaria estudos futuros com frações e substâncias isoladas.
Combined Cesarean Section and Splenectomy in a Patient with Massive Splenomegaly
Authors: Stone Samantha , Hawthorne Jenci , Byrket Katherine , Bond Logan , Pera Samuel , Sharma Vivek , Al-Kawaaz Mustafa , Lopez Danova , Miller Edward , Tonismae Tiffany
Published: June 2024

Background

To date, there is limited knowledge of patients with idiopathic splenomegaly in pregnancy, and the literature lacks cases of a combined cesarean section with splenectomy. The documented cases of splenomegaly in pregnancy often have infectious etiology such as that of malarial infection or an autoimmune component such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. This condition is life-threatening and complicates medical management, but its rarity has led to a paucity of management guidelines for patients with idiopathic splenomegaly in pregnancy.

Objective

The aim of this case is to provide novel insight into the management and outcomes of patients with idiopathic massive splenomegaly in pregnancy.

Study Design

This study is a case report with a review of the current literature on the reported cases of splenomegaly in pregnancy, splenectomy in pregnancy, and cesarean section with splenectomy. This case describes a history of pancytopenia and massive splenomegaly in a pregnant patient who underwent extensive workup with no clear etiology. This case additionally describes the course of care for this patient, including a combined cesarean section with splenectomy. We searched PubMed for all English language articles from 2000 to 2023, with search terms including “splenomegaly in pregnancy,” “splenectomy in pregnancy,” and “cesarean section and splenectomy.”

Results

In this patient’s case, despite an exhaustive infectious disease workup and evaluation for hematologic, inflammatory, and neoplastic causes, no clear etiology was identified. Delivery was deemed necessary at 34 weeks and 2 days gestation due to the patient’s severe, persistent pain, her worsening pancytopenia, and the risk of spontaneous splenic rupture during labor and delivery; our multidisciplinary team concluded that it was safer for both mother and baby to proceed with cesarean delivery and splenectomy in the early pre-term period. This patient’s pancytopenia improved within hours of spleen removal and has remained stable to date in outpatient follow-up. Baby Boy completed a NICU course of 22 days after requiring surfactant and respiratory support due to prematurity as well as monitoring due to maternal splenomegaly and thrombocytopenia.

Conclusion

This case offers valuable insights into managing patients with idiopathic splenomegaly during pregnancy and underscores the need for further investigation. Establishing clear delivery indications for these patients remains crucial, and prospective studies should evaluate the long-term impacts on both mother and child following combined splenectomy and cesarean delivery in the context of pancytopenia.
The Transformation of Biomass to Bio-nature Gas, Principles and Future Development Trends
Authors: Ye Hei Yu
Published: June 2024

The urgent global need to combat climate change has driven a switch to renewable energy sources including solar, wind, and tidal power from fossil fuels. Biomass energy, derived from sources such as agricultural and wood waste, shines as a flexible and renewable solution to reduce carbon emissions and reliance on finite fuels. This article explores the transformative potential of converting biomass into bio-natural gas (bio-methane), addressing climate change, waste management, and energy security. Benefits of this conversion include lower greenhouse gas emissions, sustainable renderability, and adaptability in energy generation. Bio-methane integration with existing gas infrastructure eases renewable energy storage and distribution, reducing dependency on foreign fossil fuel imports. It powers various sectors, minimizing environmental impact. Furthermore, biomass-to-bio-natural gas conversion resolves waste issues by utilizing organic waste, creating jobs, and improving air quality. Anaerobic digestion plays a crucial role in this process, yielding methane efficiently through microbial cooperation. Future prospects include higher-quality biomethane suitable for automotive fuel and pipeline injection, enhancing energy storage and integration. Biomethane's role in greener transportation will expand with biogas upgrading advancements. In sum, biomass-to-bio-natural gas conversion charts a cleaner, sustainable energy future, combating global warming and waste challenges while bolstering energy security.
The Limitations of Russell's Theory of Descriptions: Analyzed from the Criticisms and Doubts Raised by Other Philosophers
Authors: Jiang Yiying
Published: June 2024

The theory of descriptions proposed by Russell has made a significant contribution to the advancement of the philosophy of language, and it has a firmly established place within the annals of philosophical history. The description hypothesis has been unchallenged for a period over 30 years.The theory of descriptions proposed by Russell faced significant criticism from three prominent philosophers, namely Strawson, Donnellan, and Kripke. These philosophers approached Russell's theory from different viewpoints, leading to a notable erosion of its status as an established theory of reference. Henceforth, this essay aims to undertake a comparative and analytical examination of the metamorphic theory, elucidating its inherent worth and inherent constraints, as seen through the distinct lenses of three philosophers. Although the theory offers a coherent approach to interpreting these words, it encounters some constraints when used to descriptive assertions that include non-unique attributes. Russell's approach intentionally disregards the intricacies inherent in communication. Firstly, it disregards the fundamental idea of context. The veracity or fallacy of a proposition is not autonomous, and its verity is contingent upon the particular situation.
Analysis of the Principle, Facility and Observation Applications for CMB Detection
Authors: Gu Ruochen
Published: June 2024

The CMB, or Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation, stands as a cornerstone in the evolving understanding of the universe's fabric. This piece traces the CMB's journey, starting from its unexpected discovery by Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson back in 1964, which went on to play a crucial role in validating the Big Bang theory. Further, it unravels the challenge of the isotropy dilemma and sheds light on how inflation theory provided clarity. The CMB's significance spans a broad spectrum, offering a window into the primordial state of the universe, revealing nuances about density shifts and gravitational waves, and influencing realms like particle physics and cosmology. The study also touches upon the exciting strides being made in CMB studies, underscored by refined research methods and analytical advances. Additionally, the article underscores the CMB's contribution of the determine cosmological parameters, with a specific focus on employing the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect and the CMB's angular power spectrum to ascertain the Hubble constant (H0). As one looks ahead, further observations, increased precision, and refined calibration techniques hold the promise of advancing the comprehension of the CMB and its pivotal role in the realm of cosmology.
Study of Watercolor Works from Chen Yongjin' s “Journal” Series
Authors: Zhang Yi
Published: June 2024

The watercolor works “Journal” series of contemporary artist Chen Yongjin are different from traditional watercolor works, which can be viewed as a whole or independently of each other. It is more similar to the artist's small scale and manuscript life notes that express what he sees and feels every day. Based on the study of this series of works, this paper makes a multi-faceted research and discussion on them.
Performance Evaluation of Fixed-Sun Mirror Field Configurations for Tower Solar Photovoltaic Power Plants
Authors: Gan Shuming , Li Zhanghan
Published: June 2024

For the performance evaluation of tower solar thermal power plant with fixed-sun mirror field configuration, this paper firstly establishes the equations about the sun position and input thermal power. Then, the direction vector of incident light is obtained through the calculation of the sun angle, and then the angle between the two vectors can be obtained through the known direction vector of reflected light, and the half-angle cosine is the cosine efficiency. Next, the spot flux on the collector can be approximated as a two-dimensional normal distribution, and the truncation efficiency can be approximated using the definite integral. Next, the real-time optical efficiency of each heliostat can be obtained by calculating the known atmospheric projection efficiency and reflection efficiency. Finally, through the above calculation method, the annual average optical efficiency of the heliostat mirror field was calculated as 0.33, the annual average cosine efficiency as 0.76, the annual average truncation efficiency as 0.55, the annual average thermal power output (mw) as 26.23 mw, and the annual average thermal power output per unit area of the mirror surface (kw/m2) as 0.42 kw/m2, which effectively evaluates the configuration of the heliostat mirror field for the tower-type solar photovoltaic power plant. performance was effectively evaluated.
Research Progress in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
Authors: Chen Yining
Published: June 2024

The massive combustion of non-renewable fossil fuels causing global warming has raised concerns. However, fuel cells, including proton exchange membrane fuel cells, face challenges such as short lifespan and high cost, hindering their large-scale commercialization. The objective of this paper is to explore the growth, practical utilization, concerns, and enhancement techniques of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, which are a promising source of renewable energy. Research indicates that the lifespan of Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) is influenced by the conditions of the reaction environment. The high expenses associated with these cells can be largely attributed to the inflammability and explosiveness of hydrogen, the primary raw material, which can present transportation challenges. Moreover, the use of precious metals as reaction catalysts can result in poisoning, which restricts their application to a narrow spectrum. In conclusion, further improvements are necessary for the future application of PEMFC. More innovations are needed to expand the application areas by using more efficient and safe materials that are easier to transport. To broaden the way for the future development of green new energy. This paper is a valuable resource for improving proton exchange membrane fuel cell technology.
Research of Carbon Dioxide Reduction in New Energy Applications
Authors: Zhao Yuzhou
Published: June 2024

Carbon dioxide is a significant byproduct from the usage of fossil fuels. Due to the rapid development of industry and the swift growth of urban populations, carbon dioxide has been accumulating in large quantities over the past decades. In terms of new energy research, carbon dioxide reduction has been given significant attention due to its non-toxic nature and the high utility of the products from its reduction. Electrochemical reduction, in particularly, has been highlighted for its notable benefits. This paper introduces the mechanism of electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction, its current shortcomings, and methods of improvement, summarizing the recent deficiencies and advancements in electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction. The current belief is that refining the electrolytes like ionic liquids and using catalysts such as graphene and its derivatives can enhance the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide. This paper looks forward to research findings that will discover better electrolytes and catalysts to address the current deficiencies in carbon dioxide reduction and hopes to promote the full potential of electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction in future new energy applications.
Application of Taylor Expansion on Calculating Functions
Authors: Wu Jiacheng
Published: June 2024

The Taylor formula, which approximates some complicated functions as straightforward polynomial functions, is a crucial concept in advanced mathematics. It is an effective tool for studying and analyzing various mathematical topics because of its ability to reduce complexity. The "approximation method" of calculus is embodied in the Taylor formula, which also offers special advantages for approximation calculations. Taylor's formula has significant applications in all areas of calculus because it can accurately convert nonlinear issues into linear problems. The Taylor formula can be used to determine a number of things, including a limit, a function's extreme value, the value of the higher derivative at a certain point, the convergence of the generalized integral, an approximation, the proving of an inequality, and more. This paper primarily presents Taylor's expansion formula's significance and provides concrete examples of how to apply it to solve difficulties. The detailed writing steps to understand the problem are shown as well.