bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Life Course: An interdisciplinary framework for broadening the scope of research on crowdwork
Authors: Margaryan Anoush
Published: May 2021

This paper reports outcomes of a systematic scoping review of methodological approaches and analytical lenses used in empirical research on crowdwork. Over the past decade a growing corpus of publications spanning Social Sciences and Computer Science/HCI have empirically examined the nature of work practices and tasks within crowdwork; surfaced key individual and environmental factors underpinning workers’ decisions to engage in this form of work; developed and implemented tools to improve and extend various aspects of crowdwork, such as the design and allocation of tasks and incentives or workflows within the platforms; and contributed new techniques and know-how on data collection within crowdwork, for example, how to conduct large-scale surveys and experiments in behavioural psychology, economics or education drawing on crowdworker samples. Our initial reading of the crowdwork literature suggested that research had relied on a limited set of relatively narrow methodological approaches, mostly online experiments, surveys and interviews. Importantly, crowdwork research has tended to examine workers’ experiences as snapshots in time rather than studying these longitudinally or contextualising them historically, environmentally and developmentally. This piece-meal approach has given the research community initial descriptions and interpretations of crowdwork practices and provided an important starting point in a nascent field of study. However, the depth of research in the various areas, and the missing pieces, have yet to be systematically scoped out. Therefore, this paper systematically reviews the analytical-methodological approaches used in crowdwork research identifying gaps in these approaches. We argue that to take crowdwork research to the next level it is essential to examine crowdwork practices within the context of both individual and historical-environmental factors impacting it. To this end, methodological approaches that bridge sociological, psychological, individual, collective, online, offline, and temporal processes and practices of crowdwork are needed. The paper proposes the Life Course perspective as an interdisciplinary framework that can help address these gaps and advance research on crowdwork. The paper concludes by proposing a set of Life Course-inspired research questions to guide future studies of crowdwork.
Riboflavin enhanced denitrification of artificial wastewater under low C/N condition in cold season
Authors: Liu Jingya , Huang Jingang , Shi Binfang , Guo Kangyin , Li Jianping , Tang Junhong
Published: May 2021

Nitrogen removal under low C/N ratio in cold season is an arduous task. In this study, riboflavin was used as an eco-friendly electron mediator to improve the denitrification process in an SBR reactor under conditions of low temperature (10 °C to 15 °C) and limited carbon source (C/N ratio = 4.0). The results indicated that riboflavin created a suitable pH in the system for denitrification. Under water temperature of 10 °C to 15 °C, riboflavin (10 mg/L) stimulated the NO3–N and TN removal rate by 16.5%, and 51%, respectively. Riboflavin promoted the utilization efficiency of limited carbon source, driving the denitrification process with low residual acetate as electron donor. The rising cost of riboflavin supplement (10 mg/L) was 0.025 USD per m3 of wastewater. To satisfy the efficient nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater, the optimum C/N ratio and the selection of solid/immobilized redox mediators should be developed in future work.
Formulating bioplastic composites for biodegradability, recycling, and performance: A Review
Authors: Hubbe Martin A. , Lavoine Nathalie , Lucia Lucian A. , Dou Chang
Published: May 2021

Society’s wish list for future packaging systems is placing some daunting challenges upon researchers: In addition to protecting contents during storage and shipping, the material must not bio-accumulate, and it should be readily recyclable by using practical processing steps. This article considers strategies employing bio-based plastics and reviews published information relative to their performance. Though bioplastics such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) can be prepared from plant materials, their default properties are generally inferior to those of popular synthetic plastics. In addition, some bioplastics are not easily decomposed in soil or seawater, and the polymers can undergo chemical breakdown during recycling. This review considers strategies to overcome such challenges, including the use of biodegradable cellulose-based reinforcing particles. In addition to contributing to strength, the cellulose can swell the bioplastic, allowing enzymatic attack. The rate-controlling step in bioplastic degradation also can be abiotic, i.e. not involving enzymes. Though there is much more work to be done, much progress has been achieved in formulating bioplastic composites that are biodegradable, recyclable, and higher in strength compared to the neat polymer. Emphasis in this review is placed on PLA and PHB, but not to the exclusion of other bioplastic matrix materials.
Radio Waves Tell About the Universe
Authors: Braude S.Ya. , Kontorovich V.M.
Published: May 2021

The book tells about the achievements of modern radio astronomy. Data on radio galaxies, quasars, pulsars, space masers, and other space objects emitting radio waves are presented in a popular form. The ways of evolution of stars, supernovae and radio eruptions of their remains, the formation of white dwarfs and neutron stars, the phenomena in the centers of galaxies and the fusion of galaxies responsible for the formation of radio galaxies and quasars are considered. The radio radiation of the Sun and planets is discussed. A modern view of the evolution of the universe, the origin of the relic radiation left over from the Great Eruption, and its anisotropy is presented. A separate chapter is devoted to the description of radio telescopes.
Black Sea Shores of Ukraine
Authors:   Institute of Marine Biology of the NAS of Ukraine, Zaitsev Yu.P.
Published: May 2021

The book covers the geological past of the Black Sea, physical-geographical and ecological characteristics, coastal wetlands of the northern part of the Black Sea, its natural resources. Much attention is paid to the problems of ecology and protection of the Black Sea. Additional information is presented for tourists, recommendations for conducting independent observations of the ecology of the Black Sea coastal zone, as well as an annotated list of fish species on the Ukrainian Black Sea coast for fishing enthusiasts. The publication is illustrated with original color photographs, drawings and diagrams.
A Real-time Risk-Prediction Model for Pediatric Venous Thromboembolic Events
Authors: Walker Shannon C. , Creech C. Buddy , Domenico Henry J. , French Benjamin , Byrne Daniel W. , Wheeler Allison P.
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND:

Hospital-associated venous thromboembolism (HA-VTE) is an increasing cause of morbidity in pediatric populations, yet identification of high-risk patients remains challenging. General pediatric models have been derived from case-control studies, but few have been validated. We developed and validated a predictive model for pediatric HA-VTE using a large, retrospective cohort.

METHODS:

The derivation cohort included 111 352 admissions to Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt. Potential variables were identified a priori, and corresponding data were extracted. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association of potential risk factors with development of HA-VTE. Variable inclusion in the model was based on univariate analysis, availability in routine medical records, and clinician expertise. The model was validated by using a separate cohort with 44 138 admissions.

RESULTS:

A total of 815 encounters were identified with HA-VTE in the derivation cohort. Variables strongly associated with HA-VTE include history of thrombosis (odds ratio [OR] 8.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.6–11.3; P < .01), presence of a central line (OR 4.9; 95% CI 4.0–5.8; P < .01), and patients with cardiology conditions (OR 4.0; 95% CI 3.3–4.8; P < .01). Eleven variables were included, which yielded excellent discriminatory ability in both the derivation cohort (concordance statistic = 0.908) and the validation cohort (concordance statistic = 0.904).

CONCLUSIONS:

We created and validated a risk-prediction model that identifies pediatric patients at risk for HA-VTE development. We anticipate early identification of high-risk patients will increase prophylactic interventions and decrease the incidence of pediatric HA-VTE.
Mapping Technologies for Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation Beyond Pulmonary Vein Isolation
Authors: La Rosa Giulio , Quintanilla Jorge G , Salgado Ricardo , González-Ferrer Juan José , Cañadas-Godoy Victoria , Pérez-Villacastín Julián , Pérez-Castellano Nicasio , Jalife José , Filgueiras-Rama David
Published: May 2021

Catheter ablation remains the most effective and relatively minimally invasive therapy for rhythm control in patients with AF. Ablation has consistently shown a reduction of arrhythmia-related symptoms and significant improvement in patients’ quality of life compared with medical treatment. The ablation strategy relies on a well-established anatomical approach of effective pulmonary vein isolation. Additional anatomical targets have been reported with the aim of increasing procedure success in complex substrates. However, larger ablated areas with uncertainty of targeting relevant regions for AF initiation or maintenance are not exempt from the potential risk of complications and pro-arrhythmia. Recent developments in mapping tools and computational methods for advanced signal processing during AF have reported novel strategies to identify atrial regions associated with AF maintenance. These novel tools – although mainly limited to research series – represent a significant step forward towards the understanding of complex patterns of propagation during AF and the potential achievement of patient-tailored AF ablation strategies for the near future.
Staged surgical management of anorectal atresia associated with type II colon atresia and urinary system anomalies in a newborn boy (case report and literature review)
Authors:   Center for neonatal surgery for malformations and their rehabilitation SI «Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.M. Lukyanovа NAMS of Ukraine», Dzham O. , Sliepov O. ,   Center for neonatal surgery for malformations and their rehabilitation SI «Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.M. Lukyanovа NAMS of Ukraine», Soroka V. ,   Center for neonatal surgery for malformations and their rehabilitation SI «Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.M. Lukyanovа NAMS of Ukraine», Ponomarenko M. ,   Center for neonatal surgery for malformations and their rehabilitation SI «Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.M. Lukyanovа NAMS of Ukraine»
Published: May 2021

Anorectal malformation is a congenital anomaly and can be either isolated or associated. This malformation is often combined with other congenital defects, in particular VACTERL-association (anomalies of the spine, anal region, heart, trachea, esophagus, kidneys and extremities), which requires a comprehensive diagnosis in these patients. Congenital malformations of the gastrointestinal tract except for esophageal atresia are rare. The paper presents a clinical case of associated congenital anomalies of the gastrointestinal tract and urinary system in a newborn boy: congenital anorectal malformation without fistula, type II sigmoid atresia with bowel malrotation, vesicoureteral reflux, right-sided pyelectasia and coronal hypospadias. Comprehensive diagnostics before each stage of surgical treatment made it possible to determine the method and technique of surgical correction. This made it possible to preserve a part of the intestine which was presented in the form of an enterocyst to create a neorectum as well as to diagnose the functional incompetence of the preatritic segment of the colon and carry out its removal. Atresia of the sigmoid colon is not a common concomitant malformation in congenital anorectal malformation, but it should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis in newborns with progressive abdominal distension and anorectal atresia without fistula. The proposed staging of the surgical management of these associated malformations should be regarded as organ-preserving, allowing to restore the normal function of the gastrointestinal tract and urinary system, with a good functional result. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of these Institutes. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. The authors declare no conflicts of interests. Key words: anorectal atresia without fistula, sigmoid atresia, vesicoureteral reflux, coronary hypospadias, surgical management, newborn boy.
Los dominicos de primera hora y su contribución a la sistematización pedagógica medieval: la figura clave de Vicente de Beauvais (1190-1264)
Authors: Vergara-Ciordia Javier
Published: May 2021

El presente estudio analiza la aportación de los primeros dominicos a la educación medieval, a tra­vés de la obra pedagógica de Vicente de Beauvais. Sus trabajos pedagógicos, aunque son amplios y variados, se centraron en cuatro temas nucleares: la historia como método de conocimiento, el ideal de sabiduría, las figuras del maestro y del discípulo, y la educación para la salud. Temas que sirvieron para convertir la pedagogía en una ciencia, marcar la educación del siglo xiii y servir de puente entre la pedagogía clásica y la educación humanista. La investigación resume las tesis de sus cuatro obras pedagógicas clave: Libellus apologeticus, Speculum naturale, Speculum doctrinale y De eruditione filiorum nobilium.
Santo Domingo de Guzmán según Jerónimo Savonarola OP
Authors: Esponera-Cerdán OP Alfonso
Published: May 2021

Se ofrece un acercamiento a la figura de Santo Domingo de Guzmán (+1221) según un muy poco conocido sermón del famoso florentino Jeróni­mo Savonarola, dominico (1452-1498). Ello va a posi­bilitar conocer no sólo al Padre Fundador de los Frailes Predicadores, sino también las inquietudes y preocu­paciones de uno de sus controvertidos hijos, de impor­tante influencia posterior en la Orden dominicana.
Marki i produkty markowe branży spożywczej na ziemiach polskich w perspektywie historycznej
Authors:   Dr hab., Wydział Historii, Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Polska, Pacanowska Regina
Published: May 2021

Modern brands are the result of centuries of evolution. Branded products were produced in the past epochs primarily for the needs of the richest social classes. The system of trademarks played an important role in shaping them. The article highlights the specificity of brands in the food industry. This industry is dominated by products manufactured for a local market, and consequently also brands with little market recognition. Due to problems with storage and distribution over long distances, brands of food products shaped their name primarily based on the place of production or the regional origin of the product. In the second part of the article, attention is drawn to those elements determining the formation of food brands in Poland, such as changes in agricultural production technology, as well as an increase in the demand for packaged and processed food. The significant development of the food industry in Poland took place in the second half of the 20th century.
Comparison of Transient Elastography and Liver Biopsy in Assessing Fibrosis in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Bachhav Gaurav , Locheruvapalli Venkateshappa Lokesh , Avinash Balekuduru , Patil Manjunath , Bonthala Subbara Satyaprakash , Ravikiran Sindhuvalada Karnam
Published: May 2021

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common cause of chronic liver disease. Ultrasound-based transient elastography (TE) or TE of the liver is a noninvasive tool for effectively evaluating liver stiffness and fibrosis. The study aimed to compare the accuracy of TE as assessed by Fibroscan with liver biopsy in staging fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. Consecutive NAFLD patients (N = 72) were prospectively enrolled. TE evaluation was performed with Fibroscan and compared with liver biopsy, which is a reference standard. Fibrosis was staged according to the METAVIR scoring system (Meta-analysis of Histological Data in Viral Hepatitis). TE scores and biopsy-related fibrosis stages were correlated. Diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values) of TE was evaluated. Data were analyzed using software R v3.6.3. Liver biopsy showed that 36.11% of patients did not exhibit fibrosis, whereas 25, 16.67, 15.28, and 6.94% of patients had stage F1 (por-tal/mild fibrosis), F2 (periportal/moderate fibrosis), F3 (bridging/severe fibrosis), and F4 (cirrhosis/advanced fibrosis), respectively. TE showed that 50% of patients had cirrhosis, whereas 20.83,15.28, and 13.86% of patients had mild, moderate, and severe fibrosis, respectively. TE had 71% accuracy, 89% sensitivity, and 38% specificity in diagnosing the severity of fibrosis. Hence, it can be implemented as a noninvasive alternative diagnostic tool for understanding the severity of fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. Moreover, it can also be used for quick early diagnosis of NAFLD, reliable staging of fibrosis, and understanding the need for liver transplantation in patients with NAFLD.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis in handler of cheese made with goat’s milk in Brazil
Authors: Aragão Breno Bezerra , Trajano Sabrina Cândido , Melo Renata Pimentel Bandeira de , Silva Bruno Pajeú e , Mota Rinaldo Aparecido
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT: In the Northeastern Brazil, artisanal cheese production is an important local economic activity for small producers. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus is responsible for causing infection in animals and humans. This study described the first detection of methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis isolated in the nasal cavity of a handler of coalho cheese made with goat’s milk in Northeastern Brazil. This brief communication highlighted the importance of adopting biosafety measures by cheese handlers, in order to reduce possible contamination and the spread of pathogens in the production chain of this type of artisanal cheese in Brazil.
Bilateral ureterolithiasis in a 7-month-old cat
Authors: Paz Juliane Elisabeth Gress , Costa Fernanda Vieira Amorim da , Schaefer Gabriela da Cruz , Heck Jaqueline Wisnieski
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT: Feline ureteral obstruction can have several causes; however, ureterolithiasis has been increasing in occurrence. The restriction of urinary flow induced by the obstruction has harmful consequences to the body and can lead to acute renal failure. Calcium oxalate ureterolithiasis is reported in older cats, aged mean 12 years old. A case of bilateral ureteral obstruction in a 7-month-old mixed breed cat is described in this report. Imaging tests such as abdominal ultrasonography, radiography and excretory urography were performed to determine the diagnosis. The surgical procedure of bilateral ureterotomy was then performed, which allowed the improvement of the urinary flow of both kidneys and the resolution of clinical signs caused by uremia. The quantitative analysis of both uroliths revealed the composition of 100% monohydrate calcium oxalate. Calcium oxalate stones can also cause ureteral obstruction in young cats; although, are less common in this age. When conservative treatment fails, surgical intervention becomes necessary for the rapid return of renal function. To author’s knowledge this is the first report of a ureterolithiasis caused by calcium oxalate in a young cat.
Understanding Mathematics Contents as a way to Change Pedagogical Activities of Preservice Teachers
Authors: Silva Maria Marta da , Cedro Wellington Lima
Published: May 2021

Abstract: This article aims to investigate the changes occurred in the pedagogical activity of preservice Mathematics teachers as they understand the Mathematics content as one of the elements composing their activity. The research methodology used was of a formative experiment. The sample comprised ten preservice teachers. Among the recorded results, it is important to highlight the awareness that contents must be seen as a set of scientific knowledge about a given discipline, in our case, Mathematics. These contents are socially and historically constituted; they must be the product of human social and historical experiences, which are essential for individuals’ development during teachers' pedagogical activities.
Concepciones y Prácticas de Enseñanza Declaradas sobre Aspectos Sociológicos de la Naturaleza de la Ciencia de Docentes de Escuela Secundaria de una Ciudad de Argentina
Authors: Felsztyna Iván , Arán Daniela Silvina , Romano Leticia Garcia
Published: May 2021

Resumen: Los contenidos de naturaleza de la ciencia (NOS, por sus siglas en inglés) se pueden clasificar en tres ejes: epistemológico, histórico y sociológico. La investigación didáctica ha priorizado el eje epistemológico y persiste un debate sobre qué contenidos de NOS enseñar y cómo hacerlo. El objetivo del trabajo es analizar las concepciones y prácticas de enseñanza declaradas sobre aspectos sociológicos de la NOS en docentes de Metodología de la Investigación en Ciencias Naturales de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa con entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los docentes entrevistados/as enfatizan la enseñanza explícita del eje epistemológico. Reconocen las influencias mutuas entre ciencia y sociedad, aunque persisten algunas concepciones ingenuas, particularmente respecto a la imagen del científico/a. En cuanto a las prácticas de enseñanza, se evidenció que las temáticas sociológicas se trabajan en el aula, a veces de manera planificada y otras de manera espontánea.
Conceitos de Força Manifestos nas Falas de Professores de Física
Authors: Martins Milene Rodrigues , Neves Marcos César Danhoni , Gardelli Daniel
Published: May 2021

Resumo: O presente artigo tem por finalidade investigar como o conceito de força é abordado no discurso de professores universitários de Física de uma instituição pública do norte do Paraná, com ênfase em sua dimensão histórica, especialmente entre os séculos XVII e XVIII. Para atender a esse objetivo foram adotados os pressupostos da pesquisa fenomenológica, com o intuito de encontrar indícios de como se deu a construção destes conceitos e, de maneira indireta, entender como e se a História da Física está presente em suas práticas didáticas. Ao fim das análises, pode-se identificar que a versão que é sucintamente difundida na maioria das concepções dos docentes refere-se a uma abordagem essencialmente direcionada à mecânica newtoniana, que suplanta indevidamente as contribuições de seus predecessores e sucessores.
Descrição e variação sazonal na histomorfometria epididimária de Dermanura cinerea (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) em um fragmento de Mata Atlântica no Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Lima Junior Nivaldo B. de , Garcia José E. , Teixeira Álvaro A. C. , Silva Fabricya R. da , Antonio Erivaldo A. , Arandas Maria J. G. , Aguiar Júnior Francisco C. A. de , Santos Katharine R. P. dos
Published: May 2021

RESUMO Esse estudo objetivou avaliar sazonalmente a histomorfometria do epidídimo de Dermanura cinerea (Gervais, 1856) em um fragmento de Mata Atlântica no nordeste do Brasil. Foram utilizados 18 espécimes machos adultos capturados por redes de neblina. As coletas ocorreram mensalmente ao longo de dezoito meses, durante duas noites consecutivas e os dados meteorológicos foram fornecidos pelo Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia. Depois de eutanasiados, os espécimes tiveram os epidídimos coletados e esses órgãos foram fixados e processados. As lâminas histológicas foram coradas por Hematoxilina - Eosina e analisadas em microscopia óptica. Os parâmetros morfométricos analisados foram as áreas do túbulo, do lúmen e do epitélio das regiões do segmento inicial, cabeça, corpo e cauda do epidídimo. Os dados histomorfométricos obtidos foram submetidos às análises no teste U de Mann-Whitney. Os resultados revelaram que D. cinerea apresentou espermatozoides em todas as regiões do epidídimo, exceto no segmento inicial. As maiores médias das áreas tubular, do lúmen e do epitélio nas quatro regiões, foram constatadas durante os meses secos. Portanto, D cinerea apresentou maior sensibilidade na região da cauda do epidídimo, ao longo dos meses com baixos índices pluviométricos. Isso indica que as condições ambientais apresentam considerável influência sobre a morfofisiologia epidídimária dessa espécie, sobretudo, em relação ao armazenamento de espermatozoides na cauda desse órgão, em área de Mata atlântica do nordeste brasileiro.
Fatores de sucesso do relacionamento entre agricultores e indústria de sementes de milho
Authors: Lopes Jaciene Arantes , Carvalho José Márcio de , Leitão Fabrício Oliveira
Published: May 2021

Resumo: O presente estudo analisa a interação e as práticas de gestão da qualidade que caracterizam a relação entre os agricultores responsáveis pela produção de sementes de milho (fornecedores) e a indústria produtora de sementes (compradores). O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar a influência dos fatores relacionais − que incluem a confiança, a comunicação, a capacidade de adaptação, a relação de dependência e o nível de satisfação no desenvolvimento de uma parceria bem-sucedida, representada pelo comprometimento e pela orientação em longo prazo − e, consequentemente, a influência da parceria para a adoção de práticas de gestão da qualidade a partir da perspectiva dos agricultores. Foi realizada uma pesquisa aplicada e descritiva com abordagem quali-quantitativa. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio da aplicação de 69 questionários a agricultores fornecedores de sementes. Para analisar o modelo teórico proposto, foi realizada uma análise fatorial confirmatória. As hipóteses foram testadas através da análise de trilhas. Os resultados indicam que uma parceria bem-sucedida é altamente influenciada pela satisfação e pela troca de informações (comunicação), e que a parceria contribui para a adoção de práticas de gestão da qualidade.
Fragilidade em pessoas idosas atendidas na atenção secundária: fatores associados
Authors: Costa Daiana Muniz , Santana Isis Laila Oliveira , Soares Sônia Maria
Published: May 2021

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a associação entre características sociodemográficas, econômicas, clínicas e comportamentais e o grau de fragilidade de pessoas idosas atendidas na atenção secundária à saúde. Método Estudo transversal, analítico, realizado entre maio e setembro de 2018, com 376 pessoas idosas atendidas em um Centro de Especialidades Médicas de Belo Horizonte (MG, Brasil), selecionadas pelo método de amostragem aleatória sistemática. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas e testes da avaliação do fenótipo de fragilidade, sendo analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, análise bivariada e multivariada, com o Modelo de Chances Proporcionais. Resultados A prevalência de fragilidade foi de 25,3%. As variáveis significativamente relacionadas com a maior chance da presença de fragilidade na pessoa idosa foram: sexo feminino, baixa escolaridade, internação e quedas nos últimos 12 meses, uso de dispositivo de auxílio à marcha e ausência de prática de atividade física. Conclusão O conhecimento dos fatores associados à fragilidade permite melhorar o planejamento das ações de saúde, intervir nos fatores modificáveis que estão relacionados com a fragilidade, prevenindo sua instalação, a ocorrência de eventos negativos decorrentes dessa síndrome ou mesmo reverter seu estágio. Os resultados demonstram a importância dos gestores dos serviços de atenção secundária, implantarem uma metodologia de identificação da fragilidade em pessoas idosas, bem como, um modelo de cuidado ao idoso frágil para acompanhamento e monitoramento das condições clínicas.
Efeito do Treinamento Resistido e do Pilates na Qualidade de vida de Idosas: um ensaio clínico randomizado
Authors: Pucci Gabrielle Cristine Moura Fernandes , Neves Eduardo Borba , Santana Frederico Santos de , Neves Dhianey de Almeida , Saavedra Francisco José Felix
Published: May 2021

Resumo Objetivo comparar os efeitos do treinamento resistido (TR) e Pilates na qualidade de vida (QV) de idosas. Foi realizado um estudo de delineamento experimental com intervenção de 12 semanas. Métodos Foram avaliadas mulheres idosas (≥60 anos) que não praticavam nenhum tipo de exercício físico regularmente há pelo menos 3 meses. Participaram do estudo 41 idosas que foram aleatoriamente divididas em três grupos:1- grupo Pilates (GP), 2- grupo treinamento resistido (GTR) e 3- grupo controle (GC). Para avaliar a QV, foram utilizados os questionários WHOQOL-OLD, WHOQOL-BREF e SF-36. Foi utilizado o teste de Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney para analisar a evolução das variáveis intragrupo e o teste de Kruskal-Wallis com post hoc de Dunn para as análises intergrupos. Para a comparação das variáveis de caracterização da amostra entre os grupos foi utilizado o teste qui-quadrado. Resultados Observou-se melhora do domínio Participação Social para o GP (p=0,016). No GTR, foi encontrada diferença significativa para o domínio Saúde Mental (p=0,019). No GC, observou-se melhora do domínio Participação Social (p=0,044) e Escore Total do WHOQOL-OLD (p=0,044). Nas comparações intergrupos, observou-se diferença do Escore Total do WHOQOL-BREF do GP e GTR, com o GP apresentando uma melhor QV no início do estudo (p=0,039). A Vitalidade (p=0,010) e Saúde Mental (p=0,024) do GTR melhorou em relação ao GP. Conclusão Os grupos analisados melhoraram sua QV após o período de intervenção.
The influence of sociodemographic variables in the triggering of emotional symptoms after an air disaster
Authors: LENHARDT Gabriela , ANDRETTA Ilana
Published: May 2021

Abstract The study aimed to identify the predictive relationship of sociodemographic variables and emotional symptoms related to post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, and stress. A sample of 194 people who experienced an air disaster, average age of 32 years, participated in the survey. The instruments used were: Sociodemographic Data Questionnaire, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist – Civilian Version, and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale. A multiple regression analysis indicated that women participants were associated with post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and those directly exposed to the disaster had higher odds ratios to develop post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and stress symptoms. It is expected, with this information, to identify early the people who may be most vulnerable and contribute to the elaboration of intervention protocols.
QUAIS SENTIDOS PARA GÊNERO? UMA ANÁLISE DE DICIONÁRIOS
Authors: Medeiros Laís Virginia Alves
Published: May 2021

Resumo Este artigo, situado no campo da História das Ideias Linguísticas, analisa diferentes definições para a entrada gênero em dois dicionários de língua e dois dicionários especializados. O objetivo é investigar como a diferença sexual e a identidade de gênero são elaboradas (ou silenciadas) em diferentes instrumentos linguísticos. Partindo do campo da História das Ideias Linguísticas a partir de Collinot e Mazière (1997) e autores brasileiros (OLIVEIRA, 2006; NUNES, 1996), reflete sobre instrumentos linguísticos e gramatização. Em seguida, apresenta os critérios para a construção do corpus e procede à análise dos verbetes. Os resultados apontam uma regularidade que permeia gênero nos dicionários de língua e nos dicionários especializados: as relações com categorias e diferenças. As especificidades que delineiam diferentes sentidos dependem do funcionamento de gênero nos campos do saber que são incluídos ou deixados de fora em cada definição.
Agency and Subjectivity in Pandemic (Neoliberal) Times: A Duoethnografic Study
Authors: Fortes Lívia , Ferrari Luciana
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT This duoethnographic study addresses some of the conflicts that two academics in a public Brazilian University have experienced during pandemic times. As they engage in conversations prompted by their own narratives exchanged online during the first weeks of quarantine, they start theorizing on some emerging topics that, for them, needed to be critically examined and, eventually, ressignified. In this sense, this article discusses the role of agency in their academic and personal lives and how it was engendered during such complex and unpredictable times, drawing special attention to questions of collectivity and diversity. Furthermore, the present work examines questions of identity and the neoliberal subjectivities that also emerged through this extremely rich collaborative experience, leading, therefore to risky and truthful subjectification processes on the part of the authors.
Wines, Bottles, Crises: A Decolonial Perspective on Brazilian Higher Education
Authors: Jordão Clarissa Menezes , Martinez Juliana Zeggio
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT This paper looks into specific cases related to the authors’ personal reflections and experiences with internationalization. They are analyzed from a decolonial perspective, taking into account the specificities of Brazilian public education. The thematic categories of analysis were: (1) the social aim/function of higher education, (2) the impact of internationalization processes on higher education, and (3) the myth of a universal language/planetary unity. It is paramount, especially in times of emergency like ours, that we reflect on the formative, social and political role of universities to respond to ontoepistemological crises such as the one we are immersed in at the moment.
Literacies in Times of Crisis: A Trioethnography on Affective and Transgressive Practices
Authors: Morgan Brian , Rocha Cláudia Hilsdorf , Maciel Ruberval Franco
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Utilizing duoethnography (NORRIS; SAWYER, 2012), the authors explore challenges and opportunities for critical language teaching in times of crisis. Following a brief introduction of research methodology, the authors’ trioethnography dialogically examines three topical areas of particular concern in Brazil and Canada: 1. The potency of affect and its relevance for applied linguistics and language teacher education; 2. The re-emergence of “literacy wars” in education, with attention to their ideological and epistemological interconnections to social power relations; 3. Emerging implications for language and literacy pedagogies in which the authors share classroom experiences and transgressive strategies informed by plurilingual and affective insights. The complexity and variety of settings discussed in this final section help promote the possibilities for critical research and teaching in these difficult and dangerous times.
Violência contra crianças: descrição dos casos em município da baixada litorânea do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Barcellos Thamires Myrena Torres , Góes Fernanda Garcia Bezerra , Silva Aline Cerqueira Santos Santana da , Souza Andressa Neto , Camilo Liliane Amazonas , Goulart Maithê de Carvalho e Lemos
Published: May 2021

Resumo Objetivo descrever os casos notificados de violência contra crianças em um município da baixada litorânea do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Método estudo epidemiológico e descritivo a partir de dados secundários. Foram incluídos todos os casos de maus-tratos na infância (crianças de zero a nove anos) entre 2009 e 2018, referentes ao município de Rio das Ostras, registrados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Resultados um total de 315 (100%) casos foi registrado no período analisado, com maior pico de ocorrência em 2014 (n=55/21,1%). A maioria das crianças era do sexo feminino (n= 187/59,4%), entre 1 a 4 anos (n= 136/43,2%) e brancas (n=100/31,7%), ademais, predominou a violência sexual (n=128/40,6%). Os principais agressores foram mães (n=110/34,9%) e pais (n=102/32,4%), por conseguinte, a residência, (n=216/69,0%), foi o local mais prevalente de ocorrência dos maus-tratos. Conclusão e implicações na prática os achados evidenciaram lacunas no preenchimento das informações no sistema de notificação, além da perpetuação da violência contra crianças em suas diferentes naturezas. O estudo pode contribuir para o estabelecimento de prioridades na elaboração e execução de programas locais para prevenção e manejo dos casos de violência infantil.
Prácticas de salud de dominación y exclusión: visiones de activistas, profesionales e investigadoras sobre situación de esterilizaciones forzadas en mujeres y niñas con discapacidad en España
Authors: Yupanqui-Concha Andrea , Aranda-Farias Cristian , Ferrer-Perez Victoria A.
Published: May 2021

Resumen En 2017, las Naciones Unidas declaran que 38 países, entre ellos España, continuaban realizando esterilizaciones forzadas en mujeres y niñas con discapacidad, a pesar de tratarse de una práctica ampliamente condenada por diversos organismos internacionales de derechos humanos. Este estudio analizó la situación de esta práctica en España, desde la perspectiva de activistas, profesionales e investigadoras con experiencias vinculadas a este colectivo. La metodología empleada fue de tipo cualitativa basada en la Teoría Fundamentada Constructivista. Se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas en profundidad a 22 informantes, que representaron a 6 comunidades autónomas del país. Las participantes identificaron un modelo de prácticas de salud de dominación y exclusión, donde la sexualidad y reproducción de mujeres con discapacidad ha sido objeto de expropiación, alienación y desprecio por parte de sistemas, estructuras y políticas diferenciadas, con escasa transferencia del marco global de derechos humanos a su realidad. La violencia sexual ha pasado inadvertida, naturalizándose por el entorno, han promovido mecanismos de exclusión social e inequidades en salud, al privarles de sus derechos humanos fundamentales. Al tratarse de una situación que se replica en diversos lugares del mundo, debiese considerarse un tema de relevancia para la salud pública internacional.
Juvenilização da EJA e as implicações no processo de escolarização
Authors: Souza Filho Alcides Alves de , Cassol Atenuza Pires , Amorim Antonio
Published: May 2021

Resumo O estudo analisa a juvenilização na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), destacando as causas desse processo e as implicações na escolarização. Objetiva refletir sobre os motivos que determinaram a inserção dos jovens na EJA, especificando as causas e os impactos vivenciados. A abordagem da pesquisa é qualitativa, ancorada, estrategicamente, na pesquisa de campo. A coleta de dados foi lograda com o uso do questionário semiestruturado, aplicado junto aos sujeitos da investigação: 27 professores e 37 alunos de escolas públicas de Barreiras e de Salvador, na Bahia. Os resultados apontaram a interferência da atividade laboral dos estudantes no processo de escolarização; a luta pela garantia do acesso/permanência na escola; a prática pedagógica e a gestão escolar como promotoras da inclusão com diálogo, da qualidade de ensino e de equidade.
Uma análise estatística multivariada do desempenho das escolas municipais de Ribeirão Preto ,
Authors: Ramos Mozart Neves , Costa Filho Antonio José da , Silva João Bosco Paraíso da , Nascimento Ester Fraga Vilas-Bôas Carvalho do
Published: May 2021

Resumo Esse estudo faz uma análise estatística multivariada de componentes principais (ACP) para estabelecer padrões de desempenho escolar para o 5° e o 9° ano do Ensino Fundamental das escolas municipais de Ribeirão Preto. As equações matemáticas obtidas de gráficos bidimensionais de ACP revelam que os percentuais de alunos com aprendizado adequado em língua portuguesa e em matemática são os indicadores mais significativos para explicar tais padrões de desempenho. A partir dessa análise, foi possível estabelecer vetores de desempenho escolar para cada uma das escolas dos dois anos escolares do Ensino Fundamental aqui considerados. Isso permitiu construir um indicador de heterogeneidade para as escolas da rede municipal de Educação de Ribeirão Preto.
Music as an intervention in health projects
Authors: Donda Darlene Cristina , Leão Eliseth Ribeiro
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify and characterize music projects in the health area, their therapeutic goals, theoretical frameworks, evaluation/monitoring, and dissemination of their results for a possible structure model for this process. Method: Descriptive study with multiple cases and documental analysis. Results: Nine projects have participated in this study; these were predominantly in São Paulo and conducted with the adult population in public institutions. The coordinators were mostly women, specialists, with a qualification in health, music, or both. The interventions were performed live, with a mean of 60 minutes per week and repertoires selected by patients. Less than half indicated basing their activities in some theoretical framework or any type of project monitoring. Therapeutic goals related to social insertion and restoring self-esteem, citizenship, protagonism, and communication were pointed out. Conclusion: The theoretical indication of the music projects was scarce. Around half the analyzed projects indicated some type of evaluation and dissemination of the performed activities. Two projects only had some risk surveillance and scientific production out of their results, which has not enabled proposing a monitoring model for these initiatives.
Avaliação da satisfação profissional dos enfermeiros por áreas de prestação de cuidados
Authors: Silva Cláudia Isabel Neves Pacheco da , Potra Teresa Maria Ferreira dos Santos
Published: May 2021

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar o grau de satisfação profissional dos enfermeiros segundo a área de prestação de cuidados numa Unidade Local de Saúde, em Portugal. Método: Estudo quantitativo do tipo descritivo, analítico, com desenho observacional e transversal. Utilizou-se o Instrumento de Avaliação da Satisfação Profissional para a coleta de dados. Resultados: Amostra (n = 218), predominantemente feminina (84,6%), com a idade média de 33 anos. A área de prestação de cuidados influencia a satisfação profissional total (p < 0,05) e algumas das dimensões estudadas (p < 0,05). Os enfermeiros das Unidades de Cuidados na Comunidade apresentam maior satisfação profissional, seguidos dos enfermeiros de Cuidados Indiretos. Os enfermeiros de Cuidados Críticos apresentam menor satisfação profissional, seguidos dos que trabalham em unidades de Ambulatório. A maioria dos enfermeiros apresenta menor satisfação na avaliação da faceta Órgãos de Gestão e na dimensão Qualidade da Prestação de Cuidados. Conclusão: Os enfermeiros mais satisfeitos são os das Unidades de Cuidados na Comunidade e os enfermeiros com menor nível de satisfação profissional são os de Cuidados Críticos.
Managing historical legacies – Gwydyr Reservoirs
Authors: Shaw Darren , Coombs Matthew , Basford Andrew , Morris Steven , Davies Alun Rhys
Published: May 2021

The changes to the Reservoir Act legislation in Wales, which were implemented in 2016, resulted in in the requirements for formal registration of a reservoir reducing from 25 000 m3 capacity to 10 000 m3. This paper describes the process followed by Natural Resources Wales, as an owner, to identify and assess the newly registered assets. Llyn Cyfty, an early nineteenth century mining water supply reservoir within the Gwydyr Forest in north Wales, had a number of measures in the interests of safety (MITIOS) due to its poor condition. A case study is presented of essential emergency repairs during the 2015−2016 winter period, and the work undertaken to design and implement necessary permanent remedial works. These works included embankment stabilising and raising, and construction of a new spillway.
Undrained response of geocell-confined pond ash samples under static and cyclic loading
Authors: Chowdhury S. , Patra N. R.
Published: May 2021

In this study, the effect of geocell confinement on strength, deformation, dynamic properties, and liquefaction characteristics of pond ash samples were investigated. Pond ash was collected from the Panki thermal power station, India. The geocells were handmade with high-density polyethylene sheets. Each geocell has three equal diameter circular cells. Consolidated undrained triaxial tests were conducted on both remolded and geocell-confined ash samples of size 100 × 200 mm under static and cyclic loading conditions. The confining pressures were chosen as 50, 75, and 100 kPa, cyclic strain rates were chosen as 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4% and the frequency of cyclic loading was 1 Hz. From this experimental study, it is observed that the increase in peak deviatoric stress of geocell-confined pond ash samples is about 21% to 32% higher than the unconfined samples. The liquefaction resistance of ash samples increases 51% to 87% due to geocell confinement. Result shows that ash samples exhibit better response in terms of cohesive strength, dynamic properties, and liquefaction resistance with geocell confinement, which proves the applicability of geocell-confined pond ash as a suitable material for construction of road embankments and slopes.
Behavior of discrete fiber-reinforced sandy soil in large-scale simple shear tests
Authors: Xu D.-S. , Yan J.-M. , Liu Q.
Published: May 2021

This study presents results from a series of large-scale simple shear tests performed on sandy soil reinforced with randomly distributed fibers. The soil was mixed with polypropylene, glass and basalt fiber, respectively, with fiber content varying from 0% to 2% and sheared under a normal stress ranging from 100 kPa to 300 kPa. The effects of fiber type, content and normal stress on shear strength and the dilatancy behavior were examined. The friction state theory was employed to interpret the influence of fiber reinforcement on the dilatancy behavior. The results indicate that the additions of polypropylene and basalt fibers are beneficial to enhancing ultimate shear strength, whereas the glass fiber makes little contribution. It is shown that the fiber inclusion hinders the close packing and interlocking of soil particles and hence produces relatively looser soil fabric in the as-compacted state, leading to increased volume contraction accompanied by a negligible improvement or even reduction in shearing stiffness over a small to moderate strain range. The most obvious increase in shear strength generally occurs at a shear strain exceeding 10%, where the fibers and particles are in tight contact with each other, allowing full interface interaction and the mobilization of fiber tensile strength.