bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidences of Calf Diarrhea and the Associated Risk Factors in Ivory Coast (2015-2017)
Authors: Monney Jacques Danho , Adjogoua Edgard Valery , Karamoko Yahaya , Akran Agbaya
Published: January 2021

Diarrhea is the most important disease of neonatal calves, and it results in the greatest economic losses. A longitudinal observational study was conducted from September 2015 to October 2017. This study proposes to investigate the incidence of diarrhea in calves and their mortality rate so as to identify potential risk factors related to the occurrence of calf diarrhea on 372 farms in the regions of Abidjan, Bouake, Bondoukou, and Korhogo in Ivory Coast. Information on potential risk factors was collected based on personal observations from regular visits to the farms and from a survey conducted during the period of the study. A total of 2020 calves under the age of three months were selected. Only 347 (17.17%) of the 2020 calves showed signs of diarrhea. The overall mortality rate was 0.39%. Based on the survey, colostrum feeding, the calf’s age and sex, calf housing, seasonal variation, the calving period, environment conditions, the ignorance of herdsmen, and management systems were found to be the major risk factors for gastroenteritis in calves. Calves reared in an extensive system were less susceptible to neonatal diarrhea. The calf health and management issues found in this study can be resolved by creating awareness among farm owners and implementing better calf management practices and cattle vaccination programs.
Implicaciones de la gamificación en Educación Superior: una revisión sistemática sobre la percepción del estudiante
Authors: Pegalajar Palomino Mª del Carmen
Published: January 2021

Este trabajo realiza una revisión sistemática para identificar los principales hallazgos reportados en la literatura científica sobre la percepción del estudiante universitario hacia la práctica de estrategias de gamificación en su proceso de aprendizaje. La búsqueda documental se ha llevado a cabo a partir de la triangulación de las publicaciones incluidas en las bases de datos “Web of Science” y “Scopus” durante el período 2010-2019. Tras aplicar los criterios de selección y calidad, se han identificado un total de 20 estudios como muestra final. Los resultados demuestran el interés creciente de la comunidad científica por plantear trabajos sobre gamificación en Educación Superior. Además, se corrobora una predisposición favorable en el alumnado hacia el desarrollo de experiencias didácticas innovadoras basadas en la gamificación. Entre sus potencialidades, destaca el aumento de la motivación, el interés y la participación del alumnado en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, así como la mejora del rendimiento académico y el desarrollo de las habilidades y competencias necesarias para su desarrollo profesional.

This work performs a systematic review to identify the main findings reported in the scientific literature on the perception of the university student towards the practice of gamification strategies in their learning process. The documentary search was carried out based on the triangulation of the publications included in the "Web of Science" and "Scopus" databases during the period 2010-2019. After applying the selection and quality criteria, a total of 20 studies have been identified as the final sample. The results demonstrate the growing interest of the scientific community to propose works on gamification in Higher Education. Furthermore, a favorable predisposition in the students towards the development of innovative didactic experiences based on gamification is corroborated. Among its potential, the increase in motivation, interest and participation of students in the teaching-learning process stands out, as well as improving academic performance and developing the skills and competences necessary for their professional development
Acoso escolar y autoconcepto en personas trans
Authors: Pérez Fernández Pablo Daniel , Fernández Rodríguez María , García Vega Elena , Guerra Mora Patricia
Published: January 2021

Introducción: El acoso escolar es un fenómeno presente en todos los centros escolares y sus consecuencias sobre la salud mental de las víctimas pueden ser muy importantes. Las personas trans viven muchas veces con un estigma social que las hace más proclives a sufrir discriminación. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las características del acoso escolar en personas trans y su relación con el autoconcepto, así como establecer una comparación con un grupo control cisgénero.
Método: La muestra estuvo compuesta por 68 participantes. El grupo experimental estuvo compuesto por 34 personas trans. El grupo control estuvo compuesto por 34 personas de características sociodemográficas similares.
Resultados: La prevalencia del acoso escolar es del 20,1% en personas trans. No hay diferencias significativas en acoso escolar respecto al grupo control. Tampoco se encontraron diferencias respecto al autoconcepto ni otras variables sociodemográficas.
Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados no apoyan la idea, señalada por otros autores, de que las personas trans experimentan mayor acoso escolar ni un menor autoconcepto. Se ha hallado que reciben más agresiones basadas en objetos y maltrato físico que las personas cisgénero acosadas.

Introduction. Bullying is a phenomenon present in all schools and its consequences on the mental health of victims can be very important. Trans people often live with a social stigma that makes them more prone to discrimination. The objective of this study is to analyze the characteristics of bullying in trans people and its relationship with self-concept, as well as to establish a comparison with a cisgender control group.

Method: The sample was made up of 68 participants. The experimental group was made up of 34 trans people. The control group was made up of 34 people with similar sociodemographic characteristics.

Results: The prevalence of bullying is 20.1% in trans people. There are no significant differences in bullying compared to the control group. There were also no differences regarding self-concept or other sociodemographic variables.

Conclusions: Our results do not support the idea, pointed out by other authors, that trans people experience more bullying or less self-concept. They have been found to receive more object-based assaults and physical abuse than harassed cisgender people
Inclusive education and labour insertion from a capabilities approach: a phenomenological and functional diversity perspective
Authors: Zárate-Rueda Ruth , Murallas-Sánchez Daniella , Ortega-Zambrano Catalina
Published: January 2021

El estudio se enfoca en el análisis de experiencias de vida en los ámbitos académico y labo-ral de egresados con diversidad funcional de la Universidad Industrial de Santander-UIS. La investigación se desarrolla desde el paradigma interpretativo y el enfoque fenomenológico para dimensionar las experiencias vividas y sentidas durante y después de su paso por la universidad; asimismo, los resultados se validan mediante la triangulación por contraste de información entre teoría, realidad e investigador. Los resultados señalan que las barreras arquitectónicas y psicosociales son un impedimento para atender las necesidades diferenciales de los estudiantes desde la inclusión educativa; además, se encontró que el mercado laboral no ofrece oportunidades incluyentes y la participación es limitada; con lo cual se concluye que existen brechas en el acceso a educación y trabajo, igualdad de oportunidades y respeto por las diferencias. Finalmente, se denota que la implementación de la Política de Educación Inclusiva universitaria es imperante para vincular a este segmento de población, específicamente con procesos que integren el enfoque de capacidades y el Enfoque de Derechos Humanos.

This study focuses on the analysis of life experiences in the academic and work environmentof professionals with functional diversity graduated from the Universidad Industrial de Santander-UIS. Our research has been conducted under the interpretative paradigm and usesa phenomenological approach in order to evaluate the participants’ lived and felt experiencesduring and after their time at university. Our results have been validated through the use oftriangulation, contrasting the information gathered from theory, reality and researchers. Theresults indicate that architectural and psychosocial barriers are an obstacle to the differentialneeds of students from the perspective of inclusive education; besides, it has been found thatthe labour market does not offer inclusive opportunities, and participation is limited. This hasled us to conclude that there are gaps in access to education and work regarding equal opportunitiesand the respect for differences. Finally, we note that the implementation of InclusiveEducation Policies at university is essential for the integration of this demographic, specificallyin processes that combine the Capabilities and Human Rights approaches.
Niemiecki język naukowy w praktyce akademickiej. Cirko Lesław (2019): Nützliche Wendungen für das Fach Akademisches Schreiben. Wrocław−Dresden: Oficyna Wydawnicza Atut − Neisse Verlag, 126 S.
Authors: Suchorab Krystian
Published: January 2021

The goal of this contribution is to review and to discuss the content of the publication by Cirko Lesław (2019): Nützliche Wendungen für das Fach Akademisches Schreiben. Wrocław−Dresden: Oficyna Wydawnicza Atut − Neisse Verlag, 126 S.
Nonlinear propagation and parameters excitation of ultrasound
Authors: Chen Hai-Xia , Lin Shu-Yu ,   Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, School of Physics & Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
Published: January 2021

The formula for the nonlinear propagation of harmonics is obtained by using the generalized Navier-Stokes equations and the modified equations of state, considering the presence of heat transfer and fluid viscidity. The quantitative relationship among the harmonic pressure, initial sound pressure amplitude, frequency and the media property is obtained by approximately solving the single-frequency acoustic equation. In this paper, the hamonics’ distributions and propagations in the radiation field of single- and double-frequency sound source with different driving pressures and frequencies are discussed. It is found that new harmonics constantly appear in the sound field, and each-order harmonic of excitation gradually increases and then weakens with the increase of distance. The amplitude of harmonic pressure increases with the increase of the driving acoustic pressure near the sound source, but decreases with the increase of the frequency. Compared with the single-frequency field, the dual-frequency field has a large propagation distance, a very uniform acoustic energy distribution, and a large harmonic content in the far-field when the input total sound energy is constant. The physical mechanism is that the higher driving frequency causes a faster acoustic loss, a slower harmonic accumulation, and a smaller sound propagation distance. The higher driving pressure causes the much fundamental sound energy to be transferred, the more harmonics to be generated, the fundamental wave to be attenuated faster, and the negative effect of sound pressure on far-field sound energy to be increased. Through the analysis, it is found that the multi-frequency sound source can increase the propagation distance of sound, and improve the uniformity of sound energy distribution.
Experimental progress of laser-driven high-energy proton acceleration and new acceleration schemes
Authors: Ma Wen-Jun , Liu Zhi-Peng , Wang Peng-Jie , Zhao Jia-Rui , Yan Xue-Qing ,   State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China,   Beijing Laser Acceleration Innovation Center, Beijing 101407, China,   Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Published: January 2021

The acceleration of high-energy ions by the interaction of plasma with ultra-intense laser pulses is a frontier in the fields of laser plasma physics and accelerator physics. Laser-driven ion acceleration has achieved great success and triggered plenty of new applications after nearly twenty years’ development. This paper reviews the important experimental progress of laser-driven high-energy proton acceleration, discusses some critical issues that influence the acceleration. It also gives an introduction to new acceleration schemes developed in recent years, which promise to generate over 200 MeV protons.
Cytokine ranking via mutual information algorithm correlates cytokine profiles with presenting disease severity in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Huntington Kelsey E , Louie Anna D , Lee Chun Geun , Elias Jack A , Ross Eric A , El-Deiry Wafik S
Published: January 2021

Although the range of immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is variable, cytokine storm is observed in a subset of symptomatic individuals. To further understand the disease pathogenesis and, consequently, to develop an additional tool for clinicians to evaluate patients for presumptive intervention, we sought to compare plasma cytokine levels between a range of donor and patient samples grouped by a COVID-19 Severity Score (CSS) based on the need for hospitalization and oxygen requirement. Here we utilize a mutual information algorithm that classifies the information gain for CSS prediction provided by cytokine expression levels and clinical variables. Using this methodology, we found that a small number of clinical and cytokine expression variables are predictive of presenting COVID-19 disease severity, raising questions about the mechanism by which COVID-19 creates severe illness. The variables that were the most predictive of CSS included clinical variables such as age and abnormal chest x-ray as well as cytokines such as macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interferon-inducible protein 10, and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. Our results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection causes a plethora of changes in cytokine profiles and that particularly in severely ill patients, these changes are consistent with the presence of macrophage activation syndrome and could furthermore be used as a biomarker to predict disease severity.
Tumor microenvironment related novel signature predict lung adenocarcinoma survival
Authors: Chen Juan , Zhou Rui
Published: January 2021

Background

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common histological type of lung cancers, which is the primary cause of cancer‐related mortality worldwide. Growing evidence has suggested that tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in tumorigenesis and progression. Hence, we investigate the correlation of TME related genes with LUAD prognosis.

Method

The information of LUAD gene expression data was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). According to their immune/stromal scores calculated by the ESTIMATE algorithm, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Then, we performed univariate Cox regression analysis on DEGs to obtain genes that are apparently bound up with LUAD survival (SurGenes). Functional annotation and protein-protein interaction (PPI) was also conducted on SurGenes. By validating the SurGenes with data sets of lung cancer from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), 106 TME related SurGenes were generated. Further, intersection analysis was executed between the 106 TME related SurGenes and hub genes from PPI network, PTPRC and CD19 were obtained. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and CIBERSORT analysis were performed on PTPRC and CD19. Based on the TCGA LUAD dataset, we conducted factor analysis and Step-wise multivariate Cox regression analysis for 106 TME related SurGenes to construct the prognostic model for LUAD survival prediction. The LUAD dataset in GEO (GSE68465) was used as the testing dataset to confirm the prognostic model. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used between risk score from the prognostic model and clinical parameters.

Result

A total of 106 TME related genes were collected in our research totally, which were markedly correlated with the overall survival (OS) of LUAD patient. Bioinformatics analysis suggest them mainly concentrated on immune response, cell adhesion, and extracellular matrix. More importantly, among 106 TME related SurGenes, PTPRC and CD19 were highly interconnected nodes among PPI network and correlated with immune activity, exhibiting significant prognostic potential. The prognostic model was a weighted linear combination of the 106 genes, by which the low-OS LUAD samples could be separated from the high-OS samples with success. This model was also able to rebustly predict the situation of survival (training set: p-value < 0.0001, area under the curve (AUC) = 0.649; testing set: p-value = 0.0009, AUC = 0.617). By combining with clinical parameters, the prognostic model was optimized. The AUC achieved 0.716 for 3 year and 0.699 for 5 year.

Conclusion

A series of TME-related prognostic genes were acquired in this research, which could reflect immune disorders within TME, and PTPRC and CD19 show the potential to be an indicator for LUAD prognosis and tumor microenvironment modulation. The prognostic model constructed base on those prognostic genes presented a high predictive ability, and may have clinical implications in the overall survival prediction of LUAD.
Effective ribosomal RNA depletion for single-cell total RNA-seq by scDASH
Authors: Loi Danson S.C. , Yu Lei , Wu Angela R.
Published: January 2021

A decade since its invention, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has become a mainstay technology for profiling transcriptional heterogeneity in individual cells. Yet, most existing scRNA-seq methods capture only polyadenylated mRNA to avoid the cost of sequencing non-messenger transcripts, such as ribosomal RNA (rRNA), that are usually not of-interest. Hence, there are not very many protocols that enable single-cell analysis of total RNA. We adapted a method called DASH (Depletion of Abundant Sequences by Hybridisation) to make it suitable for depleting rRNA sequences from single-cell total RNA-seq libraries. Our analyses show that our single-cell DASH (scDASH) method can effectively deplete rRNAs from sequencing libraries with minimal off-target non-specificity. Importantly, as a result of depleting the rRNA, the rest of the transcriptome is significantly enriched for detection.
Design and Validation of an Assessment Tool for Educational Mobile Applications Used with Autistic Learners
Authors: Sanromà-Giménez Mònica , Lázaro Cantabrana José Luis , Usart Rodríguez Mireia , Gisbert-Cervera Mercè
Published: January 2021

This work presents the design and validation process for a tool to evaluate educational mobile applications for autistic learners. The project was developed in several stages. First, we reviewed and analysed the literature. Second, we conducted a Delphi study with experts (n=12) from different backgrounds (educational technology, accessibility, app developers and autism specialist teachers) selected using the calculated expert competence coefficient. And finally, we conducted a pilot test with trainee (n=51) and in-service (n=9) teachers who evaluated a selection of 11 apps. The data collected was used to study the factor structure of the tool, its reliability and usability. In this paper we present the resulting questionnaire consisting of 36 items grouped into six sections: “Information about the evaluator”, “Technical and descriptive characteristics”, “Pedagogical characteristics in relation to autism”, “General pedagogical characteristics”, “Characteristics for educational inclusion and accessibility”, and “Professional satisfaction”. The results condense the questionnaire to two factors and indicate that the tool is valid, reliable and useful for assessing the properties of apps and for facilitating the learning process of people with autism.
Online Learning: From the Curriculum for All to the Curriculum for Each Individual
Authors: Viana Joana , Peralta Helena
Published: January 2021

This paper seeks to study curriculum as a form of organization of the learning process from the perspective of the learner, in online learning contexts. Departing from a theoretical and conceptual analysis of curriculum, understood as the conception, organization and structuring of the learning process, we analyzed different adults’ representations of online learning and their general conceptions of curriculum. The empirical data came from the application of a questionnaire, distributed online (study I, 833 participants), and semi-structured interviews (study II, seven participants). The results contribute to the reflection on curriculum in a digital context, and to describing the curriculum organization of the learning process adopted by each individual. We found that space and time, in addition to strategies and actors are the most dynamic curriculum components in these circumstances. The formal contexts in which institutionalised learning and the curricula in force therein, occur are central to the development of the personal learning curriculum. This leads us to question the possibilities and ways of reconfiguring curriculum, of conceiving it differently, in digital learning contexts.
Underdetermination, Assemblage Studies and Educational Technology: Rethinking Causality and Re-Energising Politics
Authors: Perrotta Carlo
Published: January 2021

This article examines underdetermination as a key theoretical assumption in an emerging body of educational research. Underdetermination is described as a broad philosophical position that assumes that social, scientific and technological phenomena cannot be reduced to linear relationships between antecedents and consequences, for instance through the canonical progression from scientific hypotheses to experimentation and then empirical truths. Rather, phenomena are underdetermined by constellations of social and material influences that make the choice of univocal explanations problematic. The principle of underdetermination is implicit in a recent strand of educational research that critiques orthodox interpretations of scientific practices, innovation processes and policy dynamics, recasting them as social, material and political “assemblages”. In the article, I analyse the philosophical and epistemological tenets of underdetermination, in order to clarify its nature as a “first principle” in this emerging body of research. By doing so, the article brings into view a broader theoretical debate that has great bearing on future research efforts. The article critically considers the continued theoretical relevance of underdetermination, whilst acknowledging critical arguments mounted against it, namely ontological relativism and political weakness. Some supplementing theoretical ideas are explored in the conclusion.
Epitheloid Angiosarcoma of Liver: A Hanging Tumour
Authors: Bhosale Aniruddha , Ghodekar Priyanka , Deshmukh Wipula , Sable Shailesh , Vibhute Bipin
Published: January 2021

Primary Epitheloid Angiosarcoma (EA) of liver is an aggressive malignant tumour with poor prognosis irrespective of aggressive surgical resection with or without adjuvant therapy. It constitutes for 0.1-2% of primary malignant tumours of liver and is seen commonly in sixth or seventh decade of life, with male preponderance. It can be asymptomatic or may present with nonspecific symptoms. Lack of pathognomonic features on serological, biochemical and radiological tests, makes it even difficult for an early diagnosis. Despite early surgical removal, EA has very high recurrence rate. Chemotherapy agents (paclitaxel, bevacizumab) and immunomodulators (mTOR inhibitors) have shown some survival benefit and reduction in recurrence rates in recent years as adjuvant therapy. To the best of our knowledge, a hanging morphological variant of EA of liver has not been reported yet in literature. Author here by report a case of 37-years-old male incidentally diagnosed with aggressive, hanging variant of EA of liver. Despite early surgical resection and adjuvant, after chemotherapy patient had survival of less than eight months since first presentation.
Giant Intermuscular Thenar Lipoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Ulaganathan Prabhakar
Published: January 2021

Lipoma is the most common benign tumour in hand. Lipoma in hand of size more than 5 cm is classified as Giant Lipoma. Lipoma of larger sizes is rare in hand because of accessibility and lesser subcutaneous tissues. Large lipoma interferes in the hand functions. Lipoma in dominant hand is usually noted early and gets operated. This case is of 65 year old female patient who reported with the swelling in right hand for past 25 years. The size of the lipoma was big and asymptomatic till the presentation. The swelling was investigated and surgically removed which was diagnosed histopatholoically as Intermuscular Thenar Lipoma .
Disparity Analysis Fisherman Income of Payang and Trammel Net Fisherman in Kecamatan Juntinyuat, Indramayu Regency
Authors: Yani Achmad , Rizal Achmad , Gumilar Iwang , Dewanti Lantun Paradhita
Published: January 2021

The research of inequality budget level analysis in Indramayu Regency has been carried out in April 2019 until September 2020 This study aims to determine the level of budget and analyze the level of inequality in Juntinyuat, Indramayu Regency based on characteristics of Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) in 2017. The method used in this research is qualitative and quantitative method. Information and data are collected by primary and secondary data that obtained by questionnaire and from relevant agencies. Processing data used the Williamson Index analysis and the Klassen Typology. The results showed that the average budget per capita of the region in Indramayu Regency has reached Rp. 15.311.000, and the results of the Gini ratio analysist has been in the high level because it was higher than 0.5 and the results of the development analysis patterns in Indramayu Regency was in 4 quadrants. It was different in each district. Juntinyuat and Karangampel sub-districts are in I quadrant, Balongan sub-district as in II quadrant, Kedokanbunder sub-district as in III quadrant and Krangkeng sub-district as in IV quadrant.
How States Can Drive the Next Era of Climate Management in India: Perspectives in Mainstreaming Climate Actions from Gujarat
Authors: Pradhan Shanal , Shah Shwetal
Published: January 2021

At the September 2019 UN climate action summit, India vowed to upscale its climate action by focusing on a low carbon pathway through renewables and other forms of clean energy, adopting sustainable mobility, preserving water, and securing finances for this transition. Implementing and up scaling these actions form an influential agenda under India’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to the Paris Agreement. The emphasis on national determination and its success strongly hinges on the ambition of the states and the seriousness it has for driving climate actions. The initial step is to streamline such activities at sub-national levels to achieve climate change goals. Indian states, like countries, are too at different starting points with dissimilarities in their economic and developmental interests. Climate priorities took center stage for a few states, while many others have not been too aspirational due to misplaced prerogatives and differing capabilities. Thus, a pertinent question which arises is, could cross-pollination of ideas and innovations push states for concrete climate actions? This paper discusses a few prominent initiatives from the progressive state of Gujarat that could facilitate the exchange of climate measures in other states.
Ameliorative Effect of Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) Supplement against Acetaminophen - Induced Hepato-Renal Toxicity in Wistar Rats
Authors: Abaekwume Chukwunyere Ogechi , Kagbo Hope Delesi
Published: January 2021

Background: Recently, many drugs have been developed and used for the treatment of hepatic and renal diseases. Nutmeg apart from being utilized as kitchen spices in Nigeria has also been used for healing and medicinal purposes.

Aims: In the present study, nutmeg supplement was evaluated against Acetaminophen (APAP) induced hepato- renal-toxicity.

Study Design: Twenty (20) adult wistar rats weighing185-220 were obtained from animal house of the department of  Pharmacology University of Port Harcourt were divided into four groups having 5 rats each (n=5).

Methodology: The animals were divided into four groups of 5 rats each: Group A (normal control) were administered distilled water, group B (negative control) received a single dose of acetaminophen (1000 mg/kg) for two days. Group C received 500 mg/kg body weight of nutmeg supplement one hour before receiving 1000 mg/kg acetaminophen, while group D received acetaminophen (1000 mg/kg) only on day 1 and 2 and the drug extracts on day 3-7. All dosage was dissolved in distilled water orally. The experiment lasted for seven days. Twenty four hours after drugs administrations the animals in each group were anaesthetized. Blood samples were collected and animals sacrificed, liver and kidney tissues removed for various histopathological, biochemistry, antioxidant and haematological examinations using standard procedures. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA and Tukey poc-hoc Test.

Results: Administration of nutmeg supplement orally effectively restrained APAP-induced alterations in the activities of hepatic (48.60-38.00) and renal markers and Antioxidant enzymes in liver (0.43-0.53). The hepatic and renal architecture of APAP administered rats showed distorted liver and kidney tissues, hepatic vacuolations, destroyed glomerular and renal tubules. Nutmeg+APAP as well as APAP+ Nutmeg administrations were able to ameliorate the effects of APAP administration.

Conclusion: The result indicated that APAP overdosed is hepato-renal- toxic and Nutmeg supplement possessed hepato-prote-curative properties as well as renal-prote-curative properties against APAP-induced damage in rats.
Computerized Physician Order Entry System: A Review on Reduction of Medication Errors
Authors: Qureshi Imran , Baig Mirza Tasawer , Shahid Uzma , Arif Javeria Muhammad , Jabeen Aisha , Pirzada Quratul Ain , Mirza Ahmed Shahid , Huma Ambreen , Toor Muhammad Naeem
Published: January 2021

The advancement of computerized physician order entry system has delivered a fast social move in the realm of medication, introducing both new difficulties just as open doors for improving medicinal services. As clinicians work to adjust to the progressions forced by the CPOE, identification of best practices are required for CPOE’s effective implementation. Using the references of published articles on CPOE’s effective implementation and obstacles in its adherence in hospitals, this article aims to identify best practices and useful tools in effective implementation of CPOE. This review is based on a search of Medline, the Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews, and citation lists of relevant publications. Subject heading and key words used include construction and working of CPOE, CPOE related errors, impact of CPOE on medication errors and obstacles in CPOE effective implementation. Only articles in English were included.
Oregano Derived Anti-Bacterial Hand Sanitizer: Formulation and Characterization
Authors: Sharma Satish Kumar , Rahat Iqra
Published: January 2021

In day to day activity hands serves important role in accomplishing tasks, but the most important function that people forget while achieving task is sanitization of hands. It is the most important practice that is required in every sector while it may be food sector, pharma sector or corporate sector in order to prevent from spreading diseases caused due to pathogenic microbes which preferably includes viruses, bacteria, fungi and alike. The present research focus towards formulating a herbal sanitizer wherein an oregano herb possessing anti-bacterial activities and a baobab extract possessing anti-inflammatory properties is mixed with ethanol along with glycerin, wherein glycerin act as a humectant and emulsifying agent to aid in preparation of a anti-bacterial herbal sanitizer. Carbomer was used as a gelling agent. The prepared sanitizer is then subjected to characterization studies which includes pH, viscosity, anti-microbial analysis, anti-bacterial efficacy, anti-oxidant assay, stability, and spreadability. After analyzing the results it was found that, the sanitizer possessed specific potent activity against pathogenic bacterial growth but was not harmful to skin.
Antidepressant Activity of Nardostachys jatamansi Extract in Animal Models of Depression
Authors: Saleem Faraz , Ismail Muhammad Owais , Memon Zahida , Arif Faraz
Published: January 2021

Background: Depression refers to a wide range of mental health problems characterized by the loss of interest in routine activities, low mood and a range of associated emotional, cognitive, physical and behavioral symptoms. It is one of the major causes of mortality as tendency of suicidal attacks are exhibited in these patients. The diagnosis of depressive patients is very complicated in many cases and they do not respond to rational clinical prescription. In traditional medicine, Nardostachys jatamansi has been used as stimulant, antispasmodic, laxative and antiepileptic in ayurvedic and unani systems of medicine. The objective of our study was to evaluate and compare the antidepressant activity of N. jatamansi extract with fluoxetine in animal models of depression.

Methodology: It was a preclinical experimental study in which Total 100 BALB/c mice divide into 14 groups i.e. Group 1 & 2 control 0.9% NaCl i.p for forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) respectively, Group 3 & 4 Fluoxetine 0.5 mg/kg i.p for FST and TST respectively, Group 5, 6 & 7 of N. jatamansi 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg respectively for FST, Group 8, 9 & 10 N. jatamansi 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg respectively for TST, Group 11 N. jatamansi (most effective dose) for Locomotor Test, Group 12 NaCl 0.9% for Yohimbine Potentiation Test (YPT), Group 13 Fluoxetine 0.5 mg/kg for YPT and Group 14 Received extract of N. jatamansi (most effective dose) for YPT. Antidepressant activity of N. jatamansi extract at different doses after induction of depression via FST and TST was recorded. Moreover the antidepressant effect was confirmed by locomotor test. YPT was also applied to comment on possible underlying mechanism.

Results: In our study 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg doses of N. jatamansi showed significant reduction in immobility time when compared to controls and 500 mg/kg showed significant reduction as compared to group given fluoxetine in FST model. All the groups in TST model showed significant reduction in immobility time when compared to controls and fluoxetine given group. N. jatamansi at the dose of 500 mg/kg was found to be most effective in both the models. No significant change in locomotor activity was found in locomotor test. The percentage mortality of 50% was observed in N. jatamansi group using yohimbine potentiation test.

Conclusion: In our study Nardostachys jatamansi showed significant reduction in immobility time when compared to controls and fluoxetine.
Rasmussen’s encephalitis with persistent epilepsy in a young man
Authors: Hoang Van Trung , Nguyen Thanh Tam Thi , Vo Nhu Quynh , Chansomphou Vichit , Trinh Cong Thao
Published: January 2021

Rasmussen's encephalitis (RE) is an uncommon cause of the seizure. Important key findings of RE include intractable seizure activity in children, progressive atrophy of the involved hemisphere, and small hemisphere with the large ventricle.
Effect of Statistically Matching Equating Samples for Common‐Item Equating
Authors: Lu Ru , Kim Sooyeon
Published: January 2021

This study evaluated the impact of subgroup weighting for equating through a common‐item anchor. We used data from a single test form to create two research forms for which the equating relationship was known. The results showed that equating was most accurate when the new form and reference form samples were weighted to be similar to the target population. When the target population was a combination of the two equating samples and one sample was weighted to be similar to the other, the equating was less accurate but still much more accurate than equating with unweighted samples.
Karplus relationships of the 2JHNα and 3JΗΝβ couplings in organic azides
Authors: Navarro‐Vázquez Armando , Pennestri Matteo
Published: January 2021

Density functional theory (DFT) and second‐order polarization propagator approximation (SOPPA) computations in model organic azides revealed a Karplus‐like dependence not only of the vicinal 3JH–C–Nα–Nβ coupling but also of the geminal 2JH–C–Nα one, with the H–C–NαNβ dihedral angle. Karplus equations were derived from the DFT computations on the isopropylazide model system. In light of these stablished relationships, natural abundance 1H–15N couplings obtained for the azide group of the zidovudine antiviral helped to probe its conformation around the C–Nα bond as being of the synclinal type.
Kutanes Angiosarkom mit klinischem Bild eines Quincke-Ödems
Authors: Albrecht M. , Hadaschik E. , Zimmer L. , Livingstone E. , Hamacher R. , Bauer S. , Schadendorf D. , Ugurel S.
Published: January 2021

Es wird über den Fall eines 75-jährigen Patienten mit einer Gesichtsschwellung v. a. periorbital berichtet, der unter der Verdachtsdiagnose eines Quincke-Ödems stationär aufgenommen wurde. Probebiopsien ergaben das Vorliegen eines kutanen Angiosarkoms. Bei nicht resezierbarem Befund und schwieriger Bestrahlungssituation wurde zunächst eine Chemotherapie eingeleitet. Im Verlauf erfolgte bei Befundprogress die Therapieumstellung auf Zweit- und Drittlinientherapie. Der geschilderte Fall verdeutlicht die Komplexität bei der Diagnostik und Therapie bei Patienten mit kutanem Angiosarkom.
Lack of association between proton pump inhibitor use and brain aging: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ahn Nayeon , Frenzel Stefan , Wittfeld Katharina , Bülow Robin , Völzke Henry , Lerch Markus M. , Chenot Jean-Francois , Schminke Ulf , Nolde Michael , Amann Ute , Meisinger Christa , Linseisen Jakob , Baumeister Sebastian E. , Grabe Hans Jörgen , Rückert-Eheberg Ina-Maria
Published: January 2021

Purpose

Due to conflicting scientific evidence for an increased risk of dementia by intake of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), this study investigates associations between PPI use and brain volumes, estimated brain age, and cognitive function in the general population.

Methods

Two surveys of the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) conducted in Northeast Germany were used. In total, 2653 participants underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and were included in the primary analysis. They were divided into two groups according to their PPI intake and compared with regard to their brain volumes (gray matter, white matter, total brain, and hippocampus) and estimated brain age. Multiple regression was used to adjust for confounding factors. Cognitive function was evaluated by the Verbal Learning and Memory Test (VLMT) and the Nuremberg Age Inventory (NAI) and put in relation to PPI use.

Results

No association was found between PPI use and brain volumes or the estimated brain age. The VLMT score was 1.11 lower (95% confidence interval: − 2.06 to − 0.16) in immediate recall, and 0.72 lower (95% CI: − 1.22 to − 0.22) in delayed recall in PPI users than in non-users. PPI use was unrelated to the NAI score.

Conclusions

The present study does not support a relationship between PPI use and brain aging.
Long-term psychosocial outcome following mild traumatic brain injury and minor stroke: a direct longitudinal comparison
Authors: Verberne Daan P. J. , Ponds Rudolf W. H. M. , Kroese Mariëlle E. A. L. , Wijenberg Melloney L. M. , Barten Dennis G. , Pasmans Raphaël , Staals Julie , van Heugten Caroline M.
Published: January 2021

Background and purpose

Research suggests comparable long-term psychosocial outcomes following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and minor stroke, but no direct comparison has been made. This study aimed to directly compare psychosocial outcome over time in persons with mTBI and minor stroke.

Methods

In this multicenter, prospective longitudinal cohort study, community-dwelling persons with mTBI (n = 182) and minor stroke (n = 48) were assessed at 6 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 months post-injury. Outcome measures included anxiety and depression symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale—HADS), cognitive problems in daily life (Checklist for Cognitive and Emotional Consequences of Stroke—CLCE-24) and quality of life (EuroQol-5D-5L—EQ-5D-5L). Multilevel growth curve modeling, controlled for demographic variables, was used to determine outcomes over time between groups. Proportions of persons reporting persistent psychosocial symptoms at 6 months post-injury were compared using Pearson’s Chi-squared tests.

Results

Improvements in outcomes were observed in the first 6 months and effects stabilized to 12 months post-injury in both groups. Minor stroke cases reported significantly higher levels of HADS anxiety and a significantly reduced increase in EQ-5D-5L utility scores than mTBI cases, but differences were small in absolute numbers. No significant differences were observed between groups regarding HADS depression and CLCE-24 cognition scores. Proportions of persons reporting persistent psychosocial symptoms were equal between groups.

Conclusions

Psychosocial outcome is largely comparable following mTBI and minor stroke. Specific attention should be paid to anxiety symptoms and cognitive problems in daily life for which uniform aftercare seems appropriate.
Prevalence and treatment of retrograde peri-implantitis: a retrospective cohort study covering a 20-year period
Authors: Di Murro Bianca , Canullo Luigi , Pompa Giorgio , Di Murro Carlo , Papi Piero
Published: January 2021

Objectives

The aims of this retrospective study were to report data on the prevalence of retrograde peri-implantitis (RPI) in a single-center in a 20-year observation period and to evaluate implant survival after surgical treatment.

Materials and methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted screening all patients who underwent implant treatment in a private practice. Patients were enrolled if they had one or more implants showing a radiolucency around the implant apex, without implant mobility. Furthermore, clinical symptoms of RPI and days from symptoms’ appearance after implant placement were also collected, as well as periodontal and endodontic status of nearby teeth. All patients were treated with the same surgical approach: antibiotic therapy, mechanical curettage, chemical decontamination and xenograft application.

Results

Out of the 1749 implants placed, only 6 implants were classified as affected by RPI, with a prevalence of 0.34%. Clinical symptoms of RPI (pain, swelling, dull percussion or fistula presence) varied among patients and were reported after a mean period of 51.83 ± 52.43 days.

Conclusions

RPI was successfully treated with surgical curettage and bone substitute application and all implants are still in place after a mean follow-up of 8.83 ± 5.34 years.

Clinical relevance

Bacteria from teeth with failed endodontic treatment or residual lesions might be reactivated by drilling for implant osteotomy, with subsequent colonization of the implant apex and possible failure before prosthetic loading. Therefore, it might be recommended to take a periapical x-ray at implant placement and after 6–8 weeks in order to intercept RPI before prostheses delivery.
Elastic deformation of the mandibular jaw revisited—a clinical comparison between digital and conventional impressions using a reference
Authors: Schmidt Alexander , Klussmann Leona , Schlenz Maximiliane A. , Wöstmann Bernd
Published: January 2021

Objectives

Due to the partly strongly differing results in the literature, the aim of the present study was to investigate a possible deformation of the mandible during mouth opening using an intraoral scanner (IOS) and a conventional impression for comparison with a reference aid.

Materials and methods

Four steel spheres were reversibly luted in the mandibular (n = 50) with a metallic reference aid at maximum mouth opening (MMO). Two digital impressions (Trios3), at MMO and at slightly mouth opening SMO and a conventional impression (Impregum), were taken as the measuring accuracy of the reference structure was already known. Difference between MMO-SMO for digital impressions and deviations between digital and conventional (SMO) were calculated. Furthermore, the angle between the normal vectors of two constructed planes was measured. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS25.

Results

Deviations for linear distances ranged from −1 ± 3 μm up to 17 ± 78 μm (digital impressions, MMO-SMO), from 19 ± 16 μm up to 132 ± 90 μm (digital impressions, SMO), and from 28 ± 17 μm up to 60 ± 52 μm (conventional impressions, SMO). There were no significant differences for digital impressions (MMO-SMO), and there were significant differences between the conventional and digital impressions at SMO.

Conclusions

Based on the results of the present study, no mandibular deformation could be detected during mouth opening with regard to the digital impressions. The results were rather within the measuring tolerance of the intraoral scanner.

Clinical relevance

Based on the present study, no deformation of the mandibular during mouth opening could be observed at the level previously assumed. Therewith related, dental techniques related to a possible mandibular deformation therefore should be reconsidered.
Quantum Graphs as Quantum Relations
Authors: Weaver Nik
Published: January 2021

The “noncommutative graphs” which arise in quantum error correction are a special case of the quantum relations introduced in Weaver (Quantum relations. Mem Am Math Soc 215(v–vi):81–140, 2012). We use this perspective to interpret the Knill–Laflamme error-correction conditions (Knill and Laflamme in Theory of quantum error-correcting codes. Phys Rev A 55:900-911, 1997) in terms of graph-theoretic independence, to give intrinsic characterizations of Stahlke’s noncommutative graph homomorphisms (Stahlke in Quantum zero-error source-channel coding and non-commutative graph theory. IEEE Trans Inf Theory 62:554–577, 2016) and Duan, Severini, and Winter’s noncommutative bipartite graphs (Duan et al., op. cit. in Zero-error communication via quantum channels, noncommutative graphs, and a quantum Lovász number. IEEE Trans Inf Theory 59:1164–1174, 2013), and to realize the noncommutative confusability graph associated to a quantum channel (Duan et al., op. cit. in Zero-error communication via quantum channels, noncommutative graphs, and a quantum Lovász number. IEEE Trans Inf Theory 59:1164–1174, 2013) as the pullback of a diagonal relation. Our framework includes as special cases not only purely classical and purely quantum information theory, but also the “mixed” setting which arises in quantum systems obeying superselection rules. Thus we are able to define noncommutative confusability graphs, give error correction conditions, and so on, for such systems. This could have practical value, as superselection constraints on information encoding can be physically realistic.
Correction to: The contribution of the international Rice Genebank to varietal improvement and crop productivity in Eastern India
Authors: Villanueva Donald , Smale Melinda , Jamora Nelissa , Capilit Grace Lee , Hamilton Ruaraidh Sackville
Published: January 2021

A Correction to this paper has been published: 10.1007/s12571-020-01135-7