bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Myth Actualization as a Way to Build the Self-Reflective Plot of the Film “Ilyich’s Gate”
Authors: Bezzubikov Aleksey O.
Published: January 2020

The article provides the analysis of mytho­logical dimension of the film “Ilych’s Gate” (Zastava Ilycha) by M.M. Khutsiev. The author concludes that the text of this film represents self-reflexive structure. Firstly, the plot of the film quite clearly depicts the mythological perception of reality. Secondly, the course of narration reproduces the influence of mytho­logical codes on the perception of the audience. The text of the film contains a description of its own mechanism of influence on the viewer as well as the processes taking place in the minds of the audience at the moment of viewing.

The first part informs of the main principles of mytho­logical thinking and the idea of time and space in the myth, referring to the works by C. Lévi-Strauss, R. Barthes, M. Eliade, A. Losev, E. Cassirer and others. Special attention is paid to the role of myth and initiation ritual in the psychological formation of a personality, as, based on the following, this is the theme that forms the basis of the film plot.

The second part deals with the methods by which the mythological dimension is manifested in the text of the film.

In the third part, the researcher shows how the contrast of secular and sacral becomes the main semantic opposition promoting the motion of the plot.

In the fourth part, the author proves that the reflection of reality in the characters’ minds is a referent of the images shown on the screen. The characters’ development lies in the actualization of the sacral and mythological perception of the world. In turn, the cultural codes contained in the text of the film are designed to evoke a kind of response in the minds of the audience — to actualize the same sacred modus of perception in its ideas, the achievement of which is the ultimate goal of the characters. Thus, the inner path of the characters in the film reflects the processes that excite the studied film in the perception of the audience.

The relevance of the article lies in the discovery and description of the principle of self-reflection in the structure of the film “Ilych’s Gate”, which allows us to understand at a qualitatively new level its structure and place in the historical development of Russian cinematography.
Toxoplasmosis and the risk for psychiatric disorders
Authors: Căpraru Ionuţ Dragoş , Olariu Tudor Rareş , Popovici Emilian Damian
Published: January 2020

Toxoplasmosis is caused by a single-celled parasite called Toxoplasma gondii which is an obligate, intracellular, protozoan. T. gondii is found worldwide, being one of the most common parasites. Although these infections are usually asymptomatic, or associated with flu-like symptoms, occasionally they occur during the first few weeks following exposure. However, in infants, in HIV/AIDS patients and in other people with low immunity, the infection can cause a severe illness. Latent toxoplasmosis has been linked to several psychiatric disorders (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, personality disorders) and to suicidal behavior. In pregnant women, the infection may cause severe sequelae in the infant, including mental retardation, blindness or epilepsy. Toxoplasmosis is considered one of the most neglected parasitic infections, being declared by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) a public health problem. These infections are neglected because they receive relatively little attention for their surveillance, prevention and treatment.
Comparative structural analysis of 20S proteasome ortholog protein complexes by native mass spectrometry
Authors: Vimer Shay , Nissan Gili Ben , Morgenstern David , Kumar-Deshmukh Fanindra , Polkinghorn Caley , Quintyn Royston S. , Vasli'ev YuryV. , Beckman Joseph S. , Elad Nadav , Wysocki Vicki , Sharon Michal
Published: January 2020

Ortholog protein complexes are responsible for equivalent functions in different organisms. However, during evolution, each organism adapts to meet its physiological needs and the environmental challenges imposed by its niche. This selection pressure leads to structural diversity in protein complexes, which are often difficult to specify, especially in the absence of high-resolution structures. Here, we describe a multi-level experimental approach based on native mass spectrometry (MS) tools for elucidating the structural preservation and variations among highly related protein complexes. The 20S proteasome, an essential protein degradation machinery, served as our model system, wherein we examined five complexes isolated from different organisms. We show that throughout evolution, from the T. acidophilum archaeal prokaryotic complex to the eukaryotic 20S proteasomes in yeast (S. cerevisiae) and mammals (rat - R. norvegicus, rabbit - O. cuniculus and human - HEK293 cells), the proteasome increased both in size and stability. Native Ms structural signatures of the rat and rabbit 20S proteasomes, which heretofore lacked high-resolution three-dimensional structures, highly resembled that of the human complex. Using cryo-electron microscopy single-particle analysis we were able to obtain a high-resolution structure of the rat 20S proteasome, allowing us to validate the MS-based results. Our study also revealed that the yeast complex, and not those in mammals, was the largest in size, and displayed the greatest degree of kinetic stability. Moreover, we also identified a new proteoform of the PSMA7 subunit that resides within the rat and rabbit complexes, which to our knowledge have not been previously described. Altogether, our strategy enables elucidation of the unique structural properties of protein complexes that are highly similar to one another, a framework that is valid not only to ortholog protein complexes, but also for other highly related protein assemblies.
Synthetic Route of Trithiolato-Bridged Dinuclear Arene Ruthenium(II) Complexes [(η6-P-MeC6H4Pri)2Ru2(μ2-SR)3]+
Authors: Primasova Hedvika , Ninova Silviya , Aschauer Ulrich , Furrer julien
Published: January 2020

Several dinuclear trithiophenolato-bridged arene ruthenium complexes [(η6-p-MeC6H4Pri)2Ru2(μ2-SC6H4-R)3]+ could so far only be obtained with moderate yields using the synthetic route established in the early 2000s. With much less reactive aliphatic thiols or with bulky thiols, the reactions become even less efficient and the desired trithiolato complexes are obtained either only with bad yields or not at all. We employ density functional theory (DFT) calculations to gain a fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanisms leading to the formation of trithiolato complexes starting from the dichloro(p-cymene)ruthenium(II) dimer [(η6-p-MeC6H4Pri)Ru(μ2-Cl)Cl]2. The results of this DFT study enable us to rationalize experimental results and allow us, via a modified synthetic route, to synthesize the previously unreported and hitherto considered as unrealistic trithiolato complex [(η6-p-MeC6H4Pri)2Ru2(μ2-SC6H11)3]+. Our DFT study opens possibilities for the synthesis of so far inaccessible thiolato-bridged dinuclear arene ruthenium(II) complexes but more generally also the synthesis of other thiolato-bridged dinuclear group 8 and 9 metal com-plexes could be reexamined.
Cell Morphology-Guided De Novo Hit Design by Conditioning Generative Adversarial Networks on Phenotypic Image Features
Authors: Méndez-Lucio Oscar , Zapata Paula Andrea Marin , Wichard Joerg , Rouquié David , Clevert Djork-Arné
Published: January 2020

Developing new small molecules that are bioactive is time-consuming, costly and rarely successful. As a mitigation strategy, we apply, for the first time, generative adversarial networks to de novo design of small molecules using a phenotype-based drug discovery approach. We trained our model on a set of 30,000 compounds and their respective morphological profiles extracted from high content images; no target information was used to train the model. Using this approach, we were able to automatically design agonist-like compounds of different molecular targets.
Locating Conical Intersections Using the Quasidegenerate Partially and Strongly Contracted NEVPT2 Methods
Authors: Nishimoto Yoshio
Published: January 2020

Conical intersections (CIs) play an important role in photochemistry because they sometimes govern the non-radiative decay process. However, accurate characterizations of CIs are not always straightforward. In this study, analytic gradients and interstate coupling vectors for the quasidegenerate partially and strongly contracted n-electron valence state second-order perturbation theory (QD-PC-NEVPT2 and QD-SC-NEVPT2) were developed and applied to locating CIs of benzene. The pilot application demonstrates that the results of both the methods are similar to the extended multistate complete active space second-order perturbation theory (XMS-CASPT2), while the lack of dynamic electron correlation resulted in a deviation of 0.7 eV.
A novel approach of MRI-CT Image fusion using CWT for finding Disease location
Authors: Syed Inthiyaz  , Hasane Ahammad Sk  , Praveen SR Konduri  , Apoorva Inani  , Nagineni Risthitha  , Dhiraj V  , Siva Kumar M  , Saikumar K
Published: January 2020

Medical    Image processing has tremendous applications in medical diagnosis. This broadsheet offerings the idea of a fusion of MRI(Magnetic Resource Imaging)-CT (Computed tomography) using Coverlet wavelet transform(CWT), which is used to find the disease location in an image. In the Medical field, CT provides maximum information on denser tissue with less amount of distortion and higher resolution images. Whereas, on the other hand, MRI provides information on softer tissue with much distortion. However, both are similar; the main difference lies where CT uses X-rays to produce images while MRI uses radio-Waves to produce images. This paper presents a fusion by concatenating of images using a coverlet wavelet transform technique.  The presentation is estimated on the source of locating the disease in the resultant image. In this research, various image type like MRI, CT, PET, ECT, SPECT models has been collected and apply the fusion process such that calculate the performance analysis parameters like SSIM, PSNR, entropy, CWT, etc. this research consist of processing and classification in the step -1 process the image with fusion model has been implemented, for classification estimate the samples with probabilistic functions. Finally calculated the parameters for disease finding and location estimation such that this research is helpful for disease location estimation and finding. At final achieves the better outcomes compared to existed methods.
The Association Between Iron Over Load and Tanner Stage Retardation in the Females with B-Thalassemia Major
Authors: Suzan Sabbar Mutlag
Published: January 2020

Despite optimal therapy of patients with B- major thalassemia included repeated transfusion of blood program and iron chelation agents helped by increasing survival of these patients  but remained a major problem in adolescents of these patients such as growth failure and hypogonadism. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between iron overload and tanner stage retardation among female  patients with B- major thalassemia in Thalassemia Hospital in Diwaniyah Governorate. The current study occurred on all female patients diagnosed β-thalassemia major depends on the blood tests, with their age range from 13years to 16 years who registered in Thalassemia unit in Al- Diwaniyah  Governorate, Republic of Iraq. In the physical examination, the patients were assessed for weight, height, Tanner stages, and body mass index(BMI), which recorded. S. Ferritin value was used to assess the iron load, and pelvic ultrasound was checked to assess the size of the uterus and both ovaries.  The results of the currents study revealed that the total numbers of B- thalassemia major female patients are 31 patients, aged 13-16 years. Age of patients at which diagnosed of B- major thalassemia range from 0.17 to 5 year. The frequency of Blood transfusion (time/Year) ranges from 6 to 33 times/Year. The level of serum ferritin of the patients was ranged from 913-12000 ng/ml with. Tanner stage I was predominant, accounting for 87%, whereas stage II and III accounted for 10% and 3%, respectively. There was a significant negative relation between times transfusion of blood and Tanner. There was a significant correlation between Uterus size, ovarian size, and Tanner stage. Because of inflammation falsely increase serum ferritin or due to the relation between body iron in the body and level of serum ferritin is not always within the linear range, especially in the condition of inflammation or tissue damage. So that level of serum ferritin is not an adequate measure of iron stores in patients with major thalassemia. Therefore, we needed another indicator to measure iron stores in patients with thalassemia major such as liver iron concentration.
Role of Herbal Medicine in Oral and Dental Health; Ethnopharmacological Study of Medicinal Plants in Iraq/Baghdad
Authors: Humam M. Al-Somaiday  , Manar E. Al-Samaray  , Ali Al-Samydai
Published: January 2020

Dental/Oral diseases are one of the major public health problems globally. The application of Herbal medicines for the manager of oral diseases are considered as an effective alternative to synthetic compound due to their lower side effect. The object of This study is a study of the traditional medicine role in dental health, based on active constituents in herbal medicines, which have been practiced by people. in this study, we sought to gather information from Bedouins in Baghdad region of Iraq about used herbs medicine in dental health. depth interviews (unstructured interviews) are used to collect the data by asking face-to-face to the respondent. The research has been done in two stages, first one directed to traditional healers, folk practitioners, to know the most common used Herbal in dental health, and the second stage was directed to people. Our results shown that Syzygium aromaticum, Camellia sinensis, and Mentha shown the highest used value (UV) up to 0.90, and mostly used for treatment of Toothache, Canker sore and Oral ulcer, also they used them as a homemade mouth wash. Our studies also shown an increasing in demand of herbal medicine in Iraq day by day as an alternative method of oral/ dental diseases treatment due to economic reasons and its lower side effects in comparison with a synthetic compound.
Responsabilidad y desacuerdos morales.
Authors: Reinoso Guadalupe
Published: January 2020

La filosofía de S. Cavell emprende una revisión del pasado filosófico a través del análisis del escepticismo moderno. Esta revisión no intenta dar una respuesta al desafío, sino entender las motivaciones que hacen que el escéptico niegue con sus dudas nuestras confianza ordinaria en el mundo y en los otros. Para el autor norteamericano lo que el desafío escéptico revela es que se establece una diferenciación entre cómo opera nuestro concepto de conocimiento en relación con el problema del mundo externo y cómo opera el concepto de auto-conocimiento en relación con el problema de las otras mentes. Desde mi perspectiva, esta diferencia establece a su vez, modos diferentes de comprender la naturaleza de los desacuerdos. Los desacuerdos en moral han sido generalmente evaluados bajo el ideal de las virtudes epistémicas que funcionan para el concepto de conocimiento. Cavell revisa críticamente este ideal e interpreta a los desacuerdos no como fallas epistémicas a superar, sino como desacuerdos en los que los participantes deben hacerse responsables de lo que dicen sin que necesariamente se busque un acuerdo definitivo. Esto implica, desde mi lectura, una modificación en el modo en el que interpretamos nuestro concepto de racionalidad.
Depopulated localities of former east Prussia as isolated components of the landscape structure in the form of clusters of high vegetation
Authors: Majewska Anna
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to selected issues concerning the contemporary landscape identity of completely deserted localities situated in the part of former East Prussia incorporated into Poland. It presents conclusions drawn from an analysis of cartographic materials and on-site research on high greenery’s participation in and importance to the creation of the landscape of uninhabited settlement units. High greenery is one of the main components of the space of abandoned localities in the research area. In total, 94% of completely deserted settlements in the Polish part of former East Prussia are partially or completely covered with high greenery. Relatively often – in 39% of all uninhabited localities – high greenery forms isolated patches in the landscape structure. This is reflected in the process of observation of both the horizontal and vertical landscape structure of a locality, as demonstrated on the example of the case study of one of the old settlements.
Specific aspects of European and Polish migrations at the begging of the 21st century
Authors: Och Jarosław
Published: January 2020

The text focuses on the migration in the European Union and in Poland at the begging of the 21st century. It aims to prove that even if the reasons and consequences of migration are varied, they have significantly shaped the development of human civilization and have been a part of human socialization. Furthermore, this text points out that the phenomena of globalization and democratization have affected the population movement and caused new patterns of contemporary migration. The European Union is a great example of cooperation between different countries in order to realize the principle of free population movement, which was put to the test over past years. Additionally, this article characterizes the Polish migration, especially the inflow of immigrants to Poland. Poland has become an emigration and an attractive immigration country. This text revels also the consequences of migration in modern Europe.
The Management of Physical Evidence and Chain of Custody (CoC) in Digital Forensic Laboratory Storage
Authors: Efendi Tino Feri
Published: January 2020

Computer crime has 2 types of evidence, namely: physical evidence and digital evidence. Storage on physical evidence requires a special space that can hold physical evidence. However, a system that can store and manage physical evidence is needed.The current problem is the absence of a concept of storing physical evidence and its documentation (Chain of Custody). Management of Physical Evidence is proposed as a solution to solve the problem. This concept is in the form of a Physical Evidence Management System and Chain of Custody by taking the analogy of a Data Inventory. Problems with Physical Evidence Management require a Management System for Physical Evidence that is suitable for use in the UII Digital Forensics Laboratory. This research has successfully implemented the concept of Data Inventory. It is expected that with the concept of Physical Evidence Management the control of physical evidence and all activities related to it can be maintained and documented properly.
Enseñar a litigar en Derecho: una experiencia práctica en la Universidad de Pinar del Río
Authors: Páez Cuba Lisett D. , Carballo Moya Adoración
Published: January 2020

El presente artículo muestra las características y los resultados de un juego de roles llevado a cabo en el área del pregrado universitario en Cuba. El objetivo que se persigue es implementar los juegos de roles como una estrategia ideal para la formación de las competencias profesionales en los estudiantes de Derecho de la Universidad de Pinar del Río. Para lograr dicho objetivo, los estudiantes participaron en la representación del Juicio del Moncada. El diseño metodológico, de corte cualitativo, emplea el método fenomenológico como parte de un estudio de etnografía escolar, que se complementa con la metodología investigación acción-participativa. La recolección de datos se ha realizado a través del análisis de documentos, la observación participante, las encuestas y las entrevistas grupales, con la participación de 22 estudiantes, 6 jueces y 8profesores de la carrera de Derecho. El aporte teórico radica en la propuesta de un sistema de habilidades litigantes y el aporte práctico consiste en la implementación de los juegos de roles jurídicos, destacándose la representación del Juicio del Moncada como experiencia inicial. Los resultados indican que la propuesta de simulación de juicios orales como método problémico ha tributado significativamente al desarrollo de habilidades litigantes en la educación superior cubana.
The pattern, sources, and growth of remittances to Pakistan: The kinked exponential approach
Authors: Ali Syed Rashid
Published: January 2020

This paper examines the pattern, sources and growth of remittances to Pakistan. It analyses the growing trend of remittances and share of remittances to GDP over the period 1972-2014. We use the kinked exponential model (Boyce, 1986, 1987) to estimates the growing trend of remittances in Pakistan. The results show that remittances received by Pakistan have three distinct growth phases over the study period – Phase I (1973 – 1983), Phase II (1984 – 2000) and Phase III (2001 – 2014). The remittances received by Pakistan have positive growth during the first and the third period while the second period shows negative growth. Before globalization, the UK was the major source of remittances to Pakistan but after globalization, the sources of remittances to Pakistan have been cantered on Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and other Gulf countries.
Okul Öncesi Dönemdeki Çocukların Sosyoekonomik Düzeylerine Göre Baba-Çocuk İlişkisi ve Akran Oyun Davranışları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: HAMİDEN KARACA Nezehat , KAYA Ümit Ünsal , CAN Münevver
Published: January 2020

Çocuğun yaşamında anne, baba ya da çocuğa bakan kişi ve akranları önemli yer tutmaktadır. Ebeveynlerinden ve akranlarından olumlu dönütler alan ve onların ilgi ve yakınlığı ile büyüyen çocuklar daha dost canlısı, empati kurabilen, güvenilir kişiler olarak belirtilmekte ve olumlu sosyal davranışlar sergilemektedirler. Bu davranışları sergileyen çocuklar akranları tarafından daha çok sevilmektedir. Çocukların akran ilişkileri en iyi oyun ortamlarında gözlemlenebilmekte ve oyun, olumlu akran ilişkilerinin geliştiği ortamların başında gelmektedir. Çocukların oyun ortamlarındaki davranışlarının şekillenmesinde ebeveynleri ile geliştirdikleri ilişkilerin de önemli olduğu belirtilmektedir. Bu bağlama çalışma, okul öncesi dönemdeki çocukların sosyoekonomik düzeylerine göre baba-çocuk ilişkisi ve akran oyun davranışları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amacı ile yapılmıştır. Çalışma, 2018-2019 öğretim yılında, Afyonkarahisar ilinde Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğüne bağlı anaokulları ve ilkokulların anasınıflarına devam eden beş-altı yaş çocukları (321 çocuk ve babaları) ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada veri toplama amacıyla, “Çocuk-Ebeveyn İlişki Ölçeği” ve “Penn Etkileşimli Akran Oyun Ölçeği (Ebeveyn Formu)” kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, araştırmaya dahil edilen çocukların sosyoekonomik düzeylerine göre Çocuk-Ebeveyn İlişki Ölçeği; olumlu ilişkiler, uyumsuzluk ve çatışma alt boyutlarında anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu; Penn Etkileşimli Akran Oyun Ölçeği Ebeveyn Formu’nda ise oyun bozma, oyundan kopma alt boyutlarında anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığı; oyun etkileşimi alt boyutunda ise anlamlı farklılığın olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çocuk-Ebeveyn İlişki Ölçeği ile Penn Etkileşimli Akran Oyun Ölçeği Ebeveyn Formu puanları karşılaştırıldığında; Çocuk-Ebeveyn İlişki Ölçeği olumlu ilişkiler alt boyutu ile Penn Etkileşimli Akran Oyun Ölçeği oyun bozma ve oyundan kopma alt boyutları arasında; uyumsuzluk alt boyutu ile oyun etkileşimi arasında ve çatışma alt boyutu ile oyun etkileşimi arasında da negatif yönlü negatif yönde bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır (p<.05).
EDUKASI PEMBUATAN PEMBERSIH LANTAI DARI MINYAK JELANTAH PADA SMK AL MAHSOEM DESA SINDANG HEULA KABUPATEN SERANG
Authors: Harsiti Harsiti , Rosalina Vidila , Munandar Tb. Ai , Bahits Abdul
Published: January 2020

keterampilan siswa dan siswi SMK Al Mashoem untuk mengolah limbah yang berasal dari rumah tangga yaitu minyak jelantah, minyak yang sudah berulang kali dipakai menggoreng atau mengolah makanan. Pengolahan minyak jelantah menjadi pembersih lantai memiliki manfaat dalam hal kesehatan, kebersihan lingkungan dan ekonomi. Keterampilan mendaur ulang minyak jelantah ini menjadi alternatif untuk mencegah pemakaian minyak jelantah dalam memasak sehingga salah satu penyebab penyakit kanker dapat dihindari. Keterampilan ini juga akan mencegah polusi pada tanah dan air karena minyak jelantah tidak dibuang sembarangan. Terlebih lagi, hasil daur ulang yang berupa cairan pembersih lantai mempunyai nilai ekonomi lebih banyak dari minyak jelantah. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan di SMK Al Mashoem, sekolah perintis yang ada di Desa Sindang Heula Kecamatan Pabuaran Kabupaten Serang. Jumlah kelas dan muridnya yang belum banyak mempermudah memberikan edukasi melalui kegiatan pengabdian ini. Edukasi pengelolaan minyak jelantah menjadi pembersih lantai ini diharapkan mampu memberikan motivasi besar baik untuk siswa-siswi dan pihak sekolah karena misi sekolah adalah menghasilkan siswa-siswi memiliki jiwa enterpreuner. Produk yang dihasilkan dapat dipasarkan ke masyarakat sekitar dengan harga yang terjangkau dan penghasilannya dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mendukung operasional sekolah dalam menciptakan siswa-siswi yang berjiwa wirausaha dan mandiri.
MEDIA PROMOSI “CAKERY MAMAH HANI” DI ERA DIGITAL, JANGAN LUPAKAN PROMOSI OFFLINE
Authors: Djuari Michelle Natasha , Yuwono Citra Jayanti
Published: January 2020

Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat di desa Cipendawa, Pacet, Jawa Barat adalah melakukan pengembangan usaha baik dalam bidang operasi, tenaga kerja, promosi, keuangan, dan distribusi. Pemilik usaha atau yang disebut mitra merupakan produsen kue cupcake yang sudah berjualan sejak 2014. Produk cupcake ini terbentuk dari kue yang dihias sedemikian rupa dengan perpaduan krim kue berwarna yang tentunya digemari oleh para konsumennya. Mulanya, konsumen fokus ditargetkan pada anak kecil namun sekarang sudah meluas menjadi masyarakat sekitar daerah Cianjur. Tim peneliti menggunakan analisis SWOT serta melakukan riset dalam pasar melalui observasi langsung dan wawancara. Hasil kegiatan community development terhadap usaha mitra tim peneliti adalah meningkatnya penjualan produk usaha cupcake melalui promosi offline, wilayah pendistribusian lebih luas, serta pengembangan jenis cupcake menjadi bisa di-custom sesuai keinginan dari para konsumen.
PEMAJAKAN DANA DESA
Authors: Muamarah Hanik Susilawati , Suyani Emik
Published: January 2020

UU nomor 6 tahun 2014 tentang Desa memberikan mandat kepada Pemerintah untuk mengalokasikan Dana Desa. Dana Desa diberikan kepada setiap desa, menjadi salah satu sumber pendapatan desa dalam rangka mendukung tugas dan fungsi desa dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan dan pembangunan desa. Penyaluran Dana Desa dilakukan secara bertahap dari pemerintah pusat (APBN) ke Kabupaten/Kota (APBD), dan selanjutnya ke Desa (APBDes). Dalam penggunaan dana desa, terdapat beberapa kewajiban pajak yang harus dilakukan oleh Desa. Sebagai suatu satuan kerja yang mengelola dana yang berasal dari APBN/APBD/APBDes, Desa merupakan pemotong/pemungut pajak. Dengan demikian, desa harus memahami kewajiban sebagai pemotong/ pemungut pajak. Berdasarkan Evaluasi yang dilakukan beberapa unit Direktorat Jenderal Pajak pada tahun 2017, diketahui bahwa pelaksanaan kewajiban perpajakan ini masih perlu adanya perbaikan. Politeknik Keuangan Negara STAN (PKN STAN) melihat perlunya pendampingan kepada beberapa Desa untuk memastikan pelaksanaan kewajiban perpajakan terkait dana desa. Desa yang menjadi objek pendampingan adalah Desa Cisereh, Desa Margasari, Desa Pematang, dan Desa Tegalsari yang berada di Kabupaten Tangerang. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi dan pendampingan diketahui bahwa secara umum Desa telah melakukan pemotongan/pemungutan pajak namun belum melakukan pelaporan Surat Pemberitahuan (SPT) Masa Pajak Penghasilan ke Kantor Pelayanan Pajak (KPP).
Pembuatan Hand Sealer untuk Meminimalkan Cacat Kemasan Produk
Authors: Setiawan Heri , Amarul Amarul , Fatah Abdul , Nalhadi Ahmad , Maulana Dimas Alman , Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: January 2020

Teknologi yang masih konvensional merupakan salah satu kendala yang dialami Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) dalam bersaing. Persoalan peralatan juga dialami oleh  UKM Aneka Snack Geri Sun yang terletak di daerah Pageragung, Walantaka, Kota serang.  Dalam menjalankan usahanya beberapa produk harus kembali dikarenakan kurang rekatnya pengemasan. Cacat kemasan ini disebabkan sistem pengemasan masih menggunakan media api yang sangat tergantung keterampilan dan ketelitian pekerja. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan merancang alat sealer sederhana untuk meminimalkan persoalan cacat produk dihadapi pemilik usaha. Perancangan alat dilakukan dengan memodifikasi hand sealer yang sudah ada dengan fokus penurunan beban biaya listrik yang digunakan. Berdasarkan beberapa hasil uji coba yang dilakukan dihasilkan hand sealer sederhana yang mampu bekerja lebih baik dari pada menggunakan media api. Waktu yang dibutuhkan dari proses pemanasan sampai pengemasan tidak berebda jauh dengan hand sealer yang sudah ada. Keunggulan rancangan alat ini terletak pada beban listrik yang digunakan yaitu lebih hemat 60 sampai 100 kali lipat dibandingkan dengan hand sealer yang sudah ada. Penghematan beban listrik yang ada mampu menghemat biaya produksi dibandingkan dengan menggunakan media api maupun hand sealer yang ada di pasaran.
LITERASI AKUNTANSI DAN PEMASARAN ONLINE BAGI UMKM DESA TIRTONIRMOLO KABUPATEN BANTUL
Authors: Haptari Vissia Dewi , Nugroho Rahadi
Published: January 2020

Usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah (UMKM) memberikan kontribusi yang cukup siginifikan dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Namun demikian, tidak sedikit UMKM yang mengalami kesulitan untuk mengembangkan bisnisnya karena kesulitan permodalan dan pemasaran yang masih tradisional. Kesulitan permodalan disebabkan karena sulitnya akses pembiayaan ke lembaga pembiayaan karena pembukuan yang tidak memadai. Oleh karena itu, salah satu tema Kuliah Kerja Mahasiswa (KKM) PKN STAN 2019 adalah literasi akuntansi dan pemasaran online UMKM. Setelah KKM beberapa  UMKM mengimplementasikan aplikasi akuntansi UMKM. Namun demikian, masih diperlukan pemantauan implementasi pembukuan UMKM dan variasi pemasaran UMKM pada periode-periode mendatang untuk melihat dampak hal tersebut terhadap pembiayaan dan bisnis UMKUM.
“Early historical writing” and the beginning of the Russian chronicle tradition
Authors: Petrukhin Vladimir
Published: January 2020

Vladimir N. Toporov demonstrated that the beginning of the Primary Russian Chronicle corresponded to a typical beginning of the early his-torical writing: questions and answers concerning main historical events. The cosmographical introduction to the Chronicle and the legend of the invitation of the Varangians was based on the Biblical tradition (the Book of Jubilees).
”What is psychology?” Georges Canguilhem
Authors: Akmut Camille
Published: January 2020

On another young science of many pretenses and ambitions.
Multi-Objective Optimization of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell/GT Combined Heat and Power System: A comparison between Particle Swarm and Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Hajilounezhad Taher , Safari Sadegh , Aliehyaei Mehdi
Published: January 2020

Many studies have attempted to optimize integrated Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Gas Turbine (SOFC-GT), although different and somehow conflicting results are reported employing various algorithms. In this study, Multi-Objective Optimization (MOO) is employed to approach the optimal design of SOFC-GT considering all prevailing factors. The emphasis is placed on the evaluation of the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) performance as two effective approaches for solving the multi-objective and non-linear optimization problems. Multi- objective optimization is carried out on two vital objectives; the electrical efficiency and the overall output power of the system. The considerable achievements are the set of optimal points that aim to identify the system optimal performance which provides a practical basis for the decision-makers to choose the appropriate target functions. For the studied conditions, the two algorithms nearly exhibit similar performance, while the PSO is faster and more efficient in terms of computational effort. The PSO appears to achieve its ultimate parameter values in fewer generations compared to the GA algorithm under the examined circumstances. It is found that the maximum power of 410 kW is accomplished employing the GA optimization method with an efficiency of 64%, while PSO method yields the maximum power of 419.19 kW at the efficiency of 58.9%. The results stress that PSO offers more satisfactory convergence and fidelity of the solution for the SOFC-GT MOO problems.
Standar proses Pembelajaran Proses Pembelajaran di Smk Cahaya
Authors: DinataMMarta29 DinataMMarta
Published: January 2020

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses kegiatan belejar mengajar di sekolah dengan cara turun langsung ke lapangan atau di sebut juga dengan observasi. Dengan cara seperti iniah kita dapat melihat langsung bagaimana kegiatan belajar mengajar di sekolah dengan proses belajar yang baik, dan peran guru dalam proses pendidikan pun penting Peranan guru sangat menentukan dalam usaha peningkatan mutu pendidikan formal. Untuk itu guru sebagai agen pembelajaran dituntut untuk mampu menyelenggarakan proses pembelajaran dengan sebaik-baiknya, dalam kerangka pembangunan pendidikan. Guru mempunyai fungsi dan peran yang sangat strategis dalam pembangunan bidang pendidikan, dan oleh karena itu perlu dikembangkan sebagai profesi yang bermartabat.
Aplikasi Pengamanan Dokumen Office Dengan Kriptografi Algoritma Elgamal
Authors: Alfiansyah Sukma Reza , Maimunah  , Indrayani Lusi , Rifaldi Dani
Published: January 2020

Perkembangan penyimpanan file tersebut semakin lama semakin maju. Dengan artian file yang disimpan itu telah banyak di ketahui orang cara untuk membukanya Dengan begitu membuat semua orang yang akan menyimpan data/file merasa bahwa sudah tidak aman. Subjek penelitian ini adalah bagaimana menyimpan file data tersebut dengan aman. Metode yang digunakan adalah Algoritma Kriptografi Elgamal metode ini merupakan bagian dari kriptografi asimatris Algoritma Elgamal yang terdiri dari 3 prosedur, yaitu prosedur pembuatan kunci, prosedur Enkripsi dan prosedur Dekripsi. Metode ini adalah cipher blok, yaitu melaksanakan proses Enkripsi pada blok plainteks dan membentuk blok cipherteks yang seterusnya melakukan proses deskripsi dan hasilnya disatukan. Keamanan algoritma ElGamal ditentukan pada kerumitan menghitung logaritma diskret di bilangan module prima yang besar supaya tindakan untuk mengerjakan logaritma tersebut jadi sangat sukar
ALGORITMA KRIPTOGRAFI PLAYFAIR CIPHER DAN ALGORITMA KOMPRESI RUN LENGTH ENCODING (RLE) DALAM PENGAMANAN DAN KOMPRESI DATA TEKS
Authors: Armada Andre , Alfindo Bobi , Hidayat Muhammad Taufik , Nuraini
Published: January 2020

Komunikasi secara jarak jauh bisa dilakukan melalui media elektronik dengan mudah. Dengan kemudahan ini kita haruslah melakukan peningkatan sekuritas agar kerahasiaan data yang dikirim dapat terjamin. Dengan adanya ilmu Kriptografi yang merupakan salah satu cara yang bisa digunakan untuk menyandikan sebuah pesan agar kerahasiannya terjaga, dimana pesan tersebut dirubah dalam bentuk sandi-sandi hingga kita sendiri pun tidak bisa membacanya. Selain keamanan data kita juga perlu perhatikan kecepatan dalam pengiriman data tersebut. Kecepatan pengiriman ini tergantung dari ukuran informasi tersebut. Dengan adanya Kompresi yang merupakan proses pengubahan sekumpulan data menjadi bentuk kode dengan tujuan untuk menghemat kebutuhan tempat penyimpanan dan waktu untuk transmisi data. Dalam penelitian ini penulis mengkombinasi algoritma kriptografi Playfair Cipher dengan algoritma kompresi Run Length Encoding.
PERMASALAHAN PENGADAAN TANAH BAGI PELAKSANAAN PEMBANGUNAN UNTUK KEPENTINGAN UMUM
Authors: Sakti Trie
Published: January 2020

Permasalahan yang terkait dengan pembebasan tanah masyarakat untuk kepentingan umum senantiasa menimbulkan polemik. Disatu sisi, negara menjamin kepemilikan sah individu atas tanah, disisi lain pelaksana kekuasaan negara, yakni pemerintah berkewajiban menjalankan agenda pembangunan infrastruktur fisik yang seringkali harus mengorbankan nilai kepentingan individu. Kepentingan umum yang dijabarkan dari fungsi sosial tanah tidak kalah pentingnya dengan kepentingan individu pemilik yang dijabarkan dari fungsi ekonomi tanah
Consent in body donation
Authors: Farsides Tom , Smith Claire F.
Published: January 2020

This article explores potential threats to the validity of consent in body donation and potential responses to such threats. To minimize abstract generalizations, the article draws particularly on United Kingdom regulations but each of the issues it explores is applicable in many countries. Methods used were searches of relevant (e.g., medical ethical) literatures using pertinent search terms (e.g., consent) and discussions with multiple stakeholders (e.g., family members of body donors). The main threats identified were (1) failing to adequately acknowledge relatives’ roles in donation, particularly as donation often cannot be completed without relatives’ active participation; (2) failing to ensure that donors are informed enough to be able to give valid consent, especially given ‘specification’ and ‘temporality’ problems inherent in establishing consent for body donation; and (3) failing to genuinely prioritize donors’ motives and concerns during and after obtaining their consent. Possible ways of countering these threats include layering information given and made available to potential donors and having donors consent not to ‘donation and anything that might follow’ but instead to ‘relative-acknowledged donation, selective explicit consent, and delegated decision-making’. The latter involves donors specifying and relatives acknowledging donors’ key preferences and prohibitions, among which is nomination or acceptance of specified proxies who may make decisions on donors’ behalf after their death. By making such changes, the validity of consent for body donation could be substantially improved in ways that also increase respect for both donors and their autonomy and these changes may also increase the number of completed donations.
Integrating Structure and Function in Conceptualizing and Assessing Pathological Traits
Authors: Wright Aidan G.C. , Kaurin Aleksandra
Published: January 2020

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders’ (5th Edition) Alternative Model of Personality Disorders includes a dimensional trait model to describe individual differences in the manifestation of personality pathology. Empirically derived quantitative trait models of psychopathology address many of the structural problems of classical diagnostic schemes (e.g., non-binary distributions, excessive comorbidity, diagnostic heterogeneity). However, they are largely based on the structure of individual differences in the manifestation of psychopathology. In contrast, clinical theories of personality disorder, which are the foundation of intervention efforts, are based on the function of maladaptive behavior. This distinction is akin to the difference between morphology and physiology in the broader biological sciences. A structure-function divide in the focus of empirical and clinical work contributes to a lack of integration and difficulties with translation. Here we discuss this tension and argue for the need bridge this divide and adopt research efforts that integrate structure and function of personality traits. Specifically, we suggest that between-person structure identifies the principal domains of functioning, but to understand dysfunction personality must be conceptualized and studied as an ensemble of contextualized dynamic processes.
A direct and conceptual replication of post-loss speeding when gambling
Authors: Eben Charlotte , Chen Zhang , Vermeylen Luc , Billieux Joel , Verbruggen Frederick
Published: January 2020

To investigate the response to sub-optimal outcomes, Verbruggen et al. (2017) conducted a study in which participants chose between a gamble and a non-gamble option. The non-gamble option was a guaranteed amount of points, whereas the gamble option was associated with a higher amount but a lower probability of winning. The authors observed that participants initiated the next trial faster after a loss compared to wins or non-gambles. In the present study, we directly replicated these findings in the lab and online. We also designed another task controlling for the number of trials per outcome. In this task, participants guessed where a reward was hidden. They won points if they selected the correct location, but lost points if they selected the incorrect location. We included neutral trials as a baseline. Again, participants sped up after a loss relative to wins and neutral trials (but only with a response choice in neutral trials and a large sample size). These findings appear inconsistent with cognitive-control frameworks, which assume that sub-optimal outcomes typically lead to slower responses; instead, they suggest that sub-optimal outcomes can invigorate behaviour consistent with accounts of frustrative non-reward and impulsive action.
Surprise-induced Deafness: Unexpected Auditory Stimuli Capture Attention to the Detriment of Subsequent Detection
Authors: Obana Takashi , Lim Stephen Wee Hun , Asplund Christopher L.
Published: January 2020

Attention is often captured by unexpected or unusual sounds. Such stimulus-driven control of attention can be adaptive, as potentially relevant events need to be quickly evaluated and acted upon. Attentional capture, however, comes with a cost: Ongoing tasks may be disrupted. In a series of seven experiments (n=773), we investigated the effects of task-irrelevant, rare, and relatively unexpected sounds (“surprise stimuli”) on probe detection in rapid auditory presentation (RAP) streams. Surprise stimuli caused “surprise-induced deafness” (SiD), a substantial detection deficit that lasted for less than a second within each trial and gradually habituated across several trials. SiD was sensitive to informational surprise, with larger deficits following stimuli that were infrequent or varied across trials. The effect also generalized: Natural sounds or constructed stimuli could disrupt probe detection across task difficulties. We compared SiD to the auditory attentional blink (AAB), a similar paradigm in which goal-directed target processing disrupts probe detection. We found that the two deficits were weakly correlated. We conclude that SiD is a novel perceptual deficit that primarily reflects stimulus-driven attentional capture. It may involve other forms of attentional control as well, thereby reflecting multiple attentional influences on awareness.
How to do better N400 studies: reproducibility, consistency and adherence to research standards in the existing literature
Authors: Šoškić Anđela , Jovanović Vojislav , Styles Suzy J , Kappenman Emily S. , Kovic Vanja
Published: January 2020

Given the complexity of ERP recording and processing pipeline, the resulting variability of methodological options, and the potential for these decisions to influence study outcomes, it is important to understand how ERP studies are conducted in practice and to what extent researchers are transparent about their data collection and analysis procedures. The review gives an overview of methodology reporting in a sample of 132 ERP papers, published between January 1980 – June 2018 in journals included in two large databases: Web of Science and PubMed. Because ERP methodology partly depends on the study design, we focused on a well-established component (the N400) in the most commonly assessed population (healthy neurotypical adults), in one of its most common modalities (visual images).The review provides insights into 73 properties of study design, data pre-processing, measurement, statistics, visualization of results, and references to supplemental information across studies within the same subfield. For each of the examined methodological decisions, the degree of consistency, clarity of reporting and deviations from the guidelines for best practice were examined. Overall, the results show that each study had a unique approach to ERP data recording, processing and analysis, and that at least some details were missing from all papers. In the review, we highlight the most common reporting omissions and deviations from established recommendations, as well as areas in which there was the least consistency. Additionally, we provide guidance for a priori selection of the N400 measurement window and electrode locations based on the results of previous studies.
The Impact of Default Options and Reinforcement Ratios on Food Choice
Authors: Schaumberg Katherine , Reilly Erin Elizabeth , Gorrell Sasha , Anderson Drew , Anderson Lisa
Published: January 2020

Individuals engage in a variety of dietary choices each day that affect their overall health. Determining what variables might influence food choice can provide useful information to assist people in making healthier decisions. The current studies utilized a behavioral economic paradigm to evaluate patterns in food choice as default food options changed. Study 1 evaluated participants’ persistence at a computer game task when working for a preferred snack food as the reinforcement ratio for this food increases across six trials. Default food presented also varied across trials. Study 2 replicated the first study under conditions of caloric deprivation (after a 24-hour fast). Results indicate that manipulation of environmental variables were successful in shifting participant’s efforts to obtain a food reward. Individuals were less likely to work towards their most preferred food as the reinforcement ratio increased. Furthermore, the default food option on each trial produced a significant effect on time spent working for a more or less preferred food. Finally, level of dietary restraint predicted persistence for preferred food after fasting. Overall, findings add to a growing body of evidence that highlight the importance of environmental manipulations such as default options in everyday decision making.
On the Design of Interim Cognitive Diagnostic Computerized Adaptive Testing (CD-CAT) in Learning Context
Authors: Wang Chun
Published: January 2020

Interim assessment occurs throughout instruction to provide feedback about what students know and have achieved (Popham, 2008; Shepard, 2009). Different from the current available cognitive diagnostic computerized adaptive testing (CD-CAT) design that focuses on assessment at a single time point, we discuss several designs of interim CD-CAT that are suitable in the learning context. The interim CD-CAT differs from the current available CD-CAT designs primarily because students’ mastery profile (i.e., skills mastery) changes due to learning, and new attributes are added periodically. Moreover, hierarchies exist among attributes taught sequentially and such information could be used during item selection. Two specific designs are considered: the first one is when new attributes are taught in stage II but the student mastery status of the previously taught attributes stay the same. The second design is when both new attributes are taught and previously taught attributes can be further learned or forgotten in stage II. For both designs, we propose an individual prior, which takes into account a person’s learning history and population learning model, to start an interim CD-CAT. Simulation results show that the new method outperforms the current method that treats each interim CD-CAT independently. The generalized diagnostic index (GDI) is extended to accommodate item hierarchies, and analytic results are provided to further illustrate the types of items that are most popular during item selection.