bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pattern of Homicide Cases in a Coastal District of Central Kerala Over the Last Ten Years: An Autopsy-Based Study
Authors: Nithin Mathew Sam  , Harish S
Published: October 2023

This study aims at exploring the demographical profiles of the victims and assailants, the weapons used, andthe fatal injuries inflicted on the body, in cases of homicide. A record-based cross-sectional studywas conductedat the Department of Forensic Medicine, Govt T.D. Medical College, Alappuzha, Kerala, from July 2012 to July2022. Out of 8952 autopsies conducted during the study period, there were 205 cases (2.29%) of homicide. 55.62%of cases were during the first five months, from January to May. The victims were between 31-40 years in 23.9%cases and 21.46% were 21-30 years old. Out of 205 cases of homicide, 48.36% were due to blunt force injuries and38.97% by sharp force injuries. In the case of blunt force injuries, maximum involvement was to the head & face(52.55%); in sharp force injuries, involvement was highest in the chest (34.65%). The majority of the assailants weremales (73.91%). The most common alleged motive was quarrel (27.32%), closely followed by rivalry (25.85%).Thefindings of our study are mostly in agreement with the existing literature.
Role of scientific evidence in the judiciary system: A Systematic Review
Authors: Khyati Rao  , Rajiv Ratan Singh  , Pradeep Kumar Yadav  , Sachin Kumar Tripathi
Published: October 2023

Background: Scientific evidence plays a crucial role in modern legal systems, enabling fact-finders to arrive atlogical conclusions in a variety of cases. However, the credibility of scientific evidence can be a major challenge forjudges and juries. Evidence laws provide limitations on the admissibility and presentation of evidence in criminalproceedings, protecting a defendant’s right to a fair trial and enabling the efficient conduct of criminal trials.Forensic science has become an essential component of criminal justice, aiding in the identification of the guiltyand the prevention of wrongful convictions. As such, the use of scientific evidence in criminal proceedings mustcontinue to be prioritized and protected.Aim-The goal is to examine how forensic science plays a part in the judicial system, particularly how it may beused to establish facts, establish guilt, and provide justice.Methods-A review of the literature on a few of the older studies from various journals and databases wasconducted. They searched a computerized database. Studies that were deemed relevant to the current objectivewere picked at random.Result- Forensic evidence plays a crucial role in the criminal justice system in India. It provides an objective andscientific basis for establishing the guilt or innocence of a suspect, identifying perpetrators of crime, and establishingthe facts of a case. The use of forensic evidence in criminal trials promotes transparency and accountability in thecriminal justice system and helps to ensure that justice is served.
Identification of Age and Gender Specific Bacteria in Human Saliva through Next- Generation Sequencing
Authors: Shubham Yadav  , Vijay Tripathi  , Vaibhav Saran
Published: October 2023

Characterization of human saliva through Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) has emerged as a valuable tool forunderstanding the complex microbial communities residing in the oral cavity. This study aims to investigate theage and gender-based variations in the salivary microbiome using NGS technology. Saliva samples were collectedfrom a diverse population representing females among below 45 Vs above 45 and males among below 45 Vsabove 45. The DNA from the samples was extracted, and theV3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplifiedfor NGS analysis. The obtained sequences were processed and analysed using bioinformatics tools to determinethe microbial composition and diversity. Preliminary results revealed distinct microbial profiles, indicating thepotential influence of age and gender on the salivary microbiome.Further research is warranted to explore additional factors and expand the scope of habit-based analysis in salivabasedmicrobial characterization through NGS.
The late 1960s Belgian math war: “Papy-ists” versus “anti-Papy-ists”
Authors: De Bock Dirk
Published: October 2023

From September 1, 1968, modern mathematics was gradually introduced into the general streams of Belgian secondary education, starting in the first year (12–13-year-olds). However, some of the schools involved were given a one-year reprieve. Moreover, no decision had yet been made regarding technical secondary education. It gave hope to opponents of the reform: Possibly a temporary reprieve would become permanent, and mathematics in technical secondary education would not be modernized. It prompted a bitter struggle between “Papy-ists” (proponents of the reform led by Georges Papy) and “anti-Papy-ists”, a battle of Hernani between “moderns” and “ancients”. This battle was not only fought in academic circles but in the public arena with participation of all stakeholders (including parents). This Belgian math war at the end of the 1960s was finally won by the “Papy-ists”: Starting from September 1, 1969, all first-year secondary school students in Belgium were subjected to modern mathematics, without any exceptions.
How Room Rates Drive Occupancy:
Authors: Jaya I Gede Tito Yuda Pradana , Pitanatri Putu Diah Sastri , Suastini Ni Made
Published: October 2023

The occupancy rate is a key success indicator for a hotel. It reflects the extent to which rooms are sold in comparison with the total number of rooms available, measured on a daily, monthly, and annual basis. When a hotel aims to maximize room occupancy and room revenue, a well-planned marketing mix strategy is crucial, especially in terms of pricing. Setting the right price is a significant challenge for a hotel: it should not be seen as too cheap or too expensive by consumers, while still providing a profit for the company and not putting it at a disadvantage compared to competitors. Therefore, mistakes in pricing can significantly affect a hotel's occupancy rate.

This study aims to understand the influence of room rates on occupancy at The Laguna, a Luxury Collection Resort & Spa. The data collection method in this research involves the use of secondary data about prices and occupancy rates. The data analysis techniques used include classic assumption tests, simple linear regression analysis, correlation coefficient analysis, determination coefficient analysis, and t-tests, assisted by the SPSS version 25 software program. The results of this study indicate that room pricing (X) has a significant effect on occupancy rates (Y), as evidenced by a significance value of 0.00, which is less than 0.05, and a t-value of 6.388, which is greater than the t-table value of 2.021. Based on the determination analysis results, room rates have a strong influence of 64.60% on room occupancy, while the remaining 35.40% is influenced by other factors not tested in this study, such as product, service quality, and promotion.
Evaluation of Analgesic Tolerance Induced by Metamizole in the Writhing Test Model
Authors: Garcia Mayorga Elda A. , Hernández Degadillo Gloria P. , Rocha Aguirre Lourdes L. , Lugo Garcia Aaron D. , Castro Lugo Maureen P.
Published: October 2023

Analgesic tolerance is defined as the need for increasing doses to achieve the intended effect. In this paper we present experimental data from the search for analgesic tolerance induced by metamizole in a pain model induced by 0.9% acetic acid known as abdominal constriction test or Writhing test. The aim of this study was to identify the development of analgesic tolerance to metamizole in the Writhing test model. Experimental: groups of Balb/C mice 6±2 were used. They were administered metamizole in different protocols, and subsequently underwent a pain stimulus with 0.9% acetic acid via intraperitoneal, evaluated for 30 minutes and counting time of latency, number of abdominal stretches in order to rate pain response, subsequently naloxone was administered to look for signs of withdrawal. Our results demonstrated that there is a tendency to develop analgesic tolerance to metamizole after its repeated administration.
La Cultura y su Relación con la Interpretación de Implicaturas Conversacionales
Authors: Guido Suárez Nicole , Alfaro Alfaro Roy
Published: October 2023

Durante el aprendizaje de un idioma, la lengua y la cultura son componentes que no pueden ser separados. El propósito de esta investigación es determinar el impacto de los cursos culturales de la carrera de enseñanza de la UNA y la UH en la habilidad de los estudiantes de último año del 2022 para interpretar implicaturas conversacionales. La metodología consiste en un estudio cualitativo y la aplicación de una encuesta, un cuestionario, y una entrevista. Los resultados muestran los medios de comunicación como la fuente principal de conocimiento cultural, algunas implicaturas son más difíciles de interpretar debido a su naturaleza, y que la falta de conocimiento cultural influencia la interpretación de implicaturas. La escasez de participantes representa la principal limitante.  Se recomienda realizar investigaciones de esta naturaleza aplicando distintas metodologías y con mayor participación.
Propuesta de herramienta de modelo de costos para cobrar servicios profesionales en Diseño Publicitario
Authors: Salazar-Ceciliano Luis Francisco , Vargas-Morales Ronald
Published: October 2023

Entre los principales retos que afronta la Escuela de Diseño Publicitario de la Universidad Hispanoamericana se encuentra la formación adecuada del perfil profesional de sus estudiantes y que este perfil se adecue a un escenario laboral y tecnológico que es cada vez más exigente. Entre los desafíos que afronta un graduado universitario del área de comunicación se encuentra la adquisición de una serie de competencias y manejo de herramientas que colaboren en su empleabilidad en un mercado con altos niveles de desempleo, precarización laboral e informalidad. La capacidad de acción de las universidades y las políticas a implementar deben verificar si se está o no formando en las competencias genéricas señaladas en los perfiles de salida de cada carrera profesional, pues se necesita una estrecha relación entre la formación académica y el desempeño. Las competencias del perfil profesional se ven plasmadas en el diseño curricular de una carrera que prevé las estrategias pedagógicas y metodologías para lograr ese propósito. El nuevo graduado de Diseño Publicitario se puede desempeñar bien sea en empresas públicas o privadas y su quehacer se ve enmarcado por las tendencias del mercado laboral donde cada vez más considera la posibilidad de trabajar de manera independiente con su propia cartera de clientes. En la presente investigación se estableció como hipótesis que uno de los principales problemas es que el estudiantado carece de una herramienta del cómo gestionar un modelo de negocio para cobrar los servicios profesionales, que es parte de la propuesta de valor que se debe ofrecer el cliente.  Esta herramienta servirá como un referente en los diferentes cursos de la malla curricular que le brindará un insumo al estudiantado que afronta sus primeras experiencias en el mercado laboral y coadyuvará con las oportunidades de crecimiento personal y profesional.
ҚАЗАҚСТАННЫҢ ОҢТҮСТІК-ШЫҒЫСЫНДАҒЫ АШЫҚ ҚАРА-ҚОҢЫР ТОПЫРАҚТА ӨСІРІЛГЕН МАҚСАРЫ ӨНІМДІЛІГІНЕ МИНЕРАЛДЫ ТЫҢАЙТҚЫШТАР ЖӘНЕ ТОПЫРАҚТЫ ӨҢДЕУ ТӘСІЛДЕРІНІҢ ӘСЕРІ
Authors: Жүсіпбеков Ербол , Аманғалиев Батырғалий , Хидиров Азамат , Байтарақова Құралай , Рүстемова Қарлыға
Published: October 2023

Зерттеудің мақсаты ылғалдылығы жеткіліксіз аймақтың ашық қара-қоңыр  топырағында минералды тыңайтқыштардың өсіп келе жатқан нормаларын қолданудың тиімділігі және негізгі өңдеудің әртүрлі әдістерінің ылғал динамикасы мен қоректік заттардың құрамы, өнімділігін зерттеу болды. Эксперименттік жұмыс 2022 жылы Алматы облысы, Қарасай ауданындағы "Қазақ егіншілік және өсімдік шаруашылығы ғылыми-зерттеу институты" ЖШС-нің 5,5 га танабында орындалды. Мақсарының барлық вегетациялық кезеңінде минералды тыңайтқыштар аясында топырақтың ылғалмен жақсы қамтамасыз етілуі 73,4-167,4 мм аралығында өңдемей тікелей себу тәсілін қолдану кезінде байқалды, ал аудара жырту және сыдыра өңдеу кезінде 63,4-155,7 мм және 52,6-166,3 мм төмен болғаны айқындалды. Аммиак селитрасын нақты мақсарының 5-6 жұп жапырақ кезеңінде N90-ды енгізгенде топырақта сілтілік гидролизденетін азот жоғары қамтамасыз етілді, ал тармақталу кезеңінде топырақты сыдыра өңдеуде -121 мг/кг, аудара жырту және өңдемей тікелей себуде -100 мг/кг және 95 мг/кг болды. Мақсарының вегетациялық кезеңінде топырақтағы жылжымалы фосфордың мөлшері әр түрлі мөлшерде минералды тыңайтқыштарды қолданған кезде аудара жыртуда – 60-92 мг/кг болды, бұл көрсеткіштің орташа мәні өңдемей тікелей себуде – 55-87 мг/кг болса, ал сыдыра өңдеу кезінде ең төмен – 35-71 мг/кг құрады. Мақсарының көктеу кезеңінен вегетациялық кезеңінің соңына қарай топырақтағы алмаспалы калий мөлшері азайды және оның егін жинау алдында ең аз мөлшері өңдемей тікелей себу тәсілінде - 245-322 мг/кг, орташа көрсеткіштер 10-12 см-ге сыдыра өңдеу кезінде -248-381 мг/кг болғаны байқалды және аудара жыртуда ең жоғары - 268-342 мг/кг-ды құрады. Мақсарының Ника 80 сортының ең жоғарғы өнімділігі өңдемей тікелей себу тәсіліндегі минералды тыңайтқыштардың N60P60K30 орташа мөлшерін қолдану кезінде – гектарына 9,2 центнерді қамтамасыз етті.
Investigation of Electromechanical Characteristics of a Three-Phase Linear Generator
Authors: Rajendran Sinnadurai  , Devika Sethu  , Rohaizah Mohd Ghazali  , Siti Nor Baizura Zawawi  , Viveghen Emanuel Velan P. Wilson
Published: October 2023

The motion of sea waves can be converted into electrical energy using a three-phase linear generator. This paper investigates the electromechanical characteristics of two types of the three-phase linear generator, namely TPLG-6 and TPLG-18. The electromechanical characteristics such as power, efficiency, torque, d-q axis synchronous inductance, saliency ratio and current are investigated. MATLAB Simulink is used for the simulation. In this study, the d-q synchronous inductance is calculated to investigate the effects of d-q synchronous inductance on the permanent magnet. The Maximum Torque Per Ampere (MTPA) is plotted to determine the torque required to generate the maximum d-q current. The saliency ratio will also be investigated by comparing the d-q synchronous inductance for TPLG-6 and TPLG-18.
Analytical Hierarchy Process and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis on HVAC Semi-Hermetic Compressor Maintenance Strategy
Authors: Ahmad Fuad Ab Ghani  , Mohd Azhar Shah Rizam  , Jeefferie Abd Razak  , Mohd Syaiful Rizal Abdul Hamid  , Raja Nor Firdaus Kashfi Raja Othman  , Rahifa Ranom
Published: October 2023

The article paper presents a strategic tool used in maintenance strategy deployment using failure mode and effect analysis method in oil and gas semi hermetic compressor perspective. This research aims to study and formulate framework of maintenance strategy using Analytical Hierarchical Process and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis of HVAC semi hermetic compressor used at the offshore oil platform. The case study has been conducted systematically at a company involved in maintenance activities at regular basis servicing HVAC equipment and parts which in this case focusing on Semi Hermetic Compressors at case studies taken from two companies, both involved in oil and gas production. The ranking of severity associated with Risk Priority Number in Failure Mode Effect Analysis table for this case study is obtained from assessment on maintenance history report lodged on Semi Hermetic Compressor serviced by the company. The severity assessment also studied based on Pareto Analysis on occurrence from maintenance history report. Based on the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) analysis, recommendations are made for semi hermetic compressor for maintenance strategy propositions to improve lifetime and reliability as FMEA output being used as input for synthesize using multi criteria method Analytical Hierarchical Process.
AdaBoost Algorithm-Based Channel Estimation: Enhanced Performance
Authors: Heba Gamal  , Nour Eldin Ismail  , M. R. M. Rizk  , Mohamed E. Khedr  , Moustafa H. Aly
Published: October 2023

A combination of a group of rules characterized by weakness and imprecision, to reach a prediction rule known for its high precision, forms the concept of boosting, a machine learning approach. From this concept, the Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost) algorithm spun. It is the first of its kind, and remains in use, under study, and involved in practical applications in various fields to this day. This algorithm is involved in modulation techniques, as it works on improving the bit error rate (BER). Inputting a noisy signal received from a sender into AdaBoost yields the original signal after removing noise. This is done through the reconstruction of the constellation diagram of the modulation technique, by eliminating the noise filling the data’s signal space. The result is an enhancement of the BER of 8 quadrature amplitude modulation (8QAM) and 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM), through AdaBoost. The AdaBoost algorithm is then added to the channel estimation techniques like the Least Squares (LS), Least Mean Squares (LMS) and Recursive Least Squares (RLS) and is utilized to enhance the BER performance of different estimation techniques in a Rayleigh fading environment. The AdaBoost technique allows benefiting from its learning capabilities as a machine learning algorithm in overcoming the effect of noise and fading channel on the received signals.
A Review on Heat Stress Issues Among Workers at Automotive Service Centre
Authors: Mohd Nasrull Abdol Rahman  , Afiq Aiman Adnan
Published: October 2023

Heat stress is a common occupational hazard workers experience in industries requiring outdoor and indoor activities. This article reviews the risk exposure occurrence of heat stress at automotive service centres for indoor and outdoor settings. The review article aims to investigate the problems and propose solutions that can be implemented to alleviate the symptoms of heat stress experienced by workers at automotive service centres that specialise in repairing tyres. The causes and symptoms of heat stress, such as dehydration, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke, are discussed at the beginning of this review. Generally, workers in automotive service centres must contend with various industrial adversities, including exposure to hot environments, machinery, and radiant heat.
Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Repair Performance for Subsea Oil and Gas Pipelines: The Recent Brief Review (2018-2022)
Authors: Muhammad Daniel Abdul Shahid  , Mohd Hisbany Mohd Hashim  , Wan Azani Wan Mustafa  , Najwa Mohammad Fadzil  , Mohd Fakri Muda
Published: October 2023

Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) materials are used to reinforce and repair subsea pipelines in the oil and gas (O&G) industry due to their great strength-to-weight ratio as well as corrosion resistance. The extreme environmental conditions that subsea pipelines must endure include high pressure, high temperature, as well as corrosion. Modelling the effects of these conditions on the repaired pipeline can be challenging, and inaccuracies in modelling the underwater environment can lead to incorrect predictions regarding the repaired pipeline's behaviour. The finite element method (FEM)’s capabilities, as well as applications, are examined in this work. FEM is being used in place of time-consuming processes and conventional codes since they have demonstrated their strength as prediction tools. This article provides information on the to better understand the accuracy and reliability of the FEA modelling techniques used to simulate the behaviour of the FRP repair system under different operating conditions. The descriptions focus on the many types of composite fibres and the qualities that come from their components. Related document gathering was conducted from 2018-2022 and research on 53 papers were downloaded and acquired from the Scopus and Science Direct database. The review also discusses the insight into the practical implementation of finite element analysis (FEA) modelling involves understanding how FEA is used to solve real-world problems. Moreover, the findings show that by diversifying the FRP materials used in the repair design, the overall performance of the repaired pipeline can be optimized, leading to increased safety and reliability in subsea O&G operations. Also, the scope for future studies.
Effect of Different Modalities of Facial Images on ASD Diagnosis using Deep Learning-Based Neural Network
Authors: Mohammad Shafiul Alam  , Zabina Tasneem  , Sher Afghan Khan  , Muhammad Mahbubur Rashid
Published: October 2023

This paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of different modalities of facial images for diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) using deep learning-based neural networks. The motivation behind this study is the potential of advanced technologies to aid in accurately diagnosing ASD. The research revolves around the need to explore the performance of deep learning models on different modalities of facial images and to identify the challenges and potential solutions associated with each modality. The methodology involves training and testing the models on the respective datasets and analysing their accuracy and performance. ResNet50V2 achieved a 100% accuracy on the 2D test dataset, while Xception achieved an accuracy of 93.75% on the 3D test set. The detection accuracy suggests that neural networks-based deep learning methods have the potential to diagnose ASD using facial images accurately. However, the models perform better on 2D data, highlighting the need for additional training on larger 3D datasets to improve accuracy on 3D images. The study contributes to the field by providing insights into the performance of different modalities of facial images, emphasizing the need for robust datasets, and suggesting future research directions to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of ASD diagnosis using deep learning techniques.
The Effect of Aspect Ratio and Volume Fraction on Mechanical Properties of End of Life Tyre Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Yaman Sule , Mohammed Abbagana , Elinwa Augustine Uchechukwu
Published: October 2023

The utilization of end-of-life tire steel fibers (ELTSFs) to produce greener concrete by reducing the amount of solid waste was investigated in this research. Steel fibers are incorporated into concrete to improve its mechanical and durability properties. This paper reports the effect of fiber length and volume fraction (Vf) of ELTSFs in concrete. The fresh and mechanical properties examined were workability and compressive strength of six mixes of grade 25 (25 N/mm²) with varying fiber lengths of 10 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, and 60 mm; representing aspect ratios of 10.87, 21.74, 32.61, 43.48, 54.35, and 65.22 respectively. For each fiber length, concrete with five volume fractions (0.5%, 0.75%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%) were produced and cured for 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 60 days by water immersion. For all resulting concrete, slump value and compressive strength were investigated. The results show that workability decreases with an increase in the fiber length and volume fraction. Concrete with a 10 mm length and a volume fraction of 0.5% produced concrete with the highest slump. The concrete mix with a 60 mm fiber length and a 1.0% volume fraction at 60 days of curing regime gives the optimum compressive strength, enhancing it by 9.85% compared to the reference concrete. The regression model developed for the compressive strength showed a very good relationship between the response and the regressor variables. The coefficient of determination (R²) is 0.8894, and all the model terms' P-values are less than the alpha value (0.05).
„Aki el tudja fogadni, hogy a börtönben kell meghalnia, az minek éljen még éveket?”
Authors: Solt Ágnes
Published: October 2023

Aim: The main goal of the study was to raise questions concerning the long life sentence and to demonstrate how it evolves and impacts the criminal, who is cast out from society and incarcerated for decades.Methodology: The qualitative, longitudinal research’s data collection phase spanned ten years from March 2011 to December 2020, involving individuals in the sample who were interviewed 3–4 times a year, with interviews lasting on average 1.5 to 2 hours. The narrative interviews were analyzed using content analysis.Findings: The prison system has the potential to facilitate both personality development and changes in mentality, but it can also hinder them. The legal institution of long life sentence excludes the possibility of positive changes in the convict’s mindset, not taking into account that there is a chance for the inmates' personality development during their long sentences. The legal institution of long life sentence, due to the exclusion of the possibility of review, could only be considered a rational institution in case of an infallible investigative and judicial system.Value: The opportunity to rethink the legal institution of long life sentence. Empirical experiences useful for the prison service. Understanding the experiences and thoughts of individuals with extremely long sentences.
AGILE Gamma-Ray Detection of the Exceptional GRB 221009A
Authors: Tavani Marco , Piano Giovanni , Bulgarelli Andrea , Foffano Luca , Ursi Alessandro , Verrecchia Francesco , Pittori Carlotta , Casentini Claudio , Giuliani Andrea , Longo Francesco , Panebianco Gabriele , Di Piano Ambra , Baroncelli Leonardo , Fioretti Valentina , Parmiggiani Nicolò , Argan Andrea , Trois Alessio , Vercellone Stefano , Cardillo Martina , Antonelli Lucio Angelo , Barbiellini Guido , Caraveo Patrizia , Cattaneo Paolo W. , Chen Andrew W. , Costa Enrico , Del Monte Ettore , Di Cocco Guido , Donnarumma Immacolata , Evangelista Yuri , Feroci Marco , Gianotti Fulvio , Labanti Claudio , Lazzarotto Francesco , Lipari Paolo , Lucarelli Fabrizio , Marisaldi Martino , Mereghetti Sandro , Morselli Aldo , Pacciani Luigi , Pellizzoni Alberto , Perotti Francesco , Picozza Piergiorgio , Pilia Maura , Rapisarda Massimo , Rappoldi Andrea , Rubini Alda , Soffitta Paolo , Trifoglio Massimo , Vittorini Valerio , D’Amico Fabio
Published: October 2023

Gamma-ray emission in the MeV–GeV range from explosive cosmic events is of invaluable relevance to understanding physical processes related to the formation of neutron stars and black holes. Here we report on the detection by the AGILE satellite in the MeV–GeV energy range of the remarkable long-duration gamma-ray burst GRB 221009A. The AGILE onboard detectors have good exposure to GRB 221009A during its initial crucial phases. Hard X-ray/MeV emission in the prompt phase lasted hundreds of seconds, with the brightest radiation being emitted between 200 and 300 s after the initial trigger. Very intense GeV gamma-ray emission is detected by AGILE in the prompt and early afterglow phase up to 10,000 s. Time-resolved spectral analysis shows time-variable MeV-peaked emission simultaneous with intense power-law GeV radiation that persists in the afterglow phase. The coexistence during the prompt phase of very intense MeV emission together with highly nonthermal and hardening GeV radiation is a remarkable feature of GRB 221009A. During the prompt phase, the event shows spectrally different MeV and GeV emissions that are most likely generated by physical mechanisms occurring in different locations. AGILE observations provide crucial flux and spectral gamma-ray information regarding the early phases of GRB 221009A during which emission in the TeV range was reported.
Updates on microbial Iodine Cycling in snotty Biofilms of a prealpine Mineral Spring Cavern
Authors: Lueders Tillmann , Karwautz Clemens , Bekwinknoll Barbara , Beulig Felix , Zhu Baoli
Published: October 2023

We have previously described the massive, methane-oxidizing microbial biofilms discovered in the cavern of an iodine-rich former medicinal spring in prealpine southern Germany (Karwautz et al. 2017). Next to up to 3000 ppm of methane in the cavern atmosphere, the mineral spring water can contain up to 23 mM of iodine, ~thousand-fold higher than in natural freshwaters. Since reactive iodine species can be toxic for microbes, the massive microbial growth in this cave is a fascinating phenomenon. We postulate that microbes capable of utilizing different iodine species should be prevalent in the cavern. Here, we present our recent work investigating the possible involvement of biofilm microbiota in either oxidative or reductive iodine cycling. Gradient tubes set up with iodide and oxygen as redox partners showed ample microbial growth and the formation of elemental iodine. Amplicon sequencing suggested different Alpha- (Magnetospirillum spp.) and Gammaproteobacteria (Aeromonas spp.) to be capable of iodide oxidation. Moreover, we address a possible iodate-dependent methane oxidation hosted within biofilm microbiota. Metagenomes allowed to assemble the MAGs of a novel member of the recently discovered anaerobic Methylomirabilota methanotrophs, Candidatus Methylomirabilis iodofontis. Its genetic repertoire included not only known markers of oxygenic denitrification and aerobic methane oxidation, but also of iodate respiration (Zhu et al. 2022). Our ongoing work will provide further evidence of the still largely uncharted iodine-cycling ecophysiologies of the biofilm microbiota of this unique microbe-dominated subsurface ecosystem.
Organomineralization of dolomite in hypersaline microbial mats from Qatar sabkhas visualized by TEM & STXM
Authors: Strakhov Ivan , DiLoreto Zach , Al-Khayat Jassim , Dittrich Maria
Published: October 2023

Deep insight into the low-temperature mineralization mechanism of dolomite in sediments has remained elusive. This issue is popularly termed “The Dolomite Problem” due to its multifactorial nature. Dolomite has been observed to mineralize in the exopolymeric substances produced by microbial mat communities (Bontognali et al. 2013), where productivity is high. One working hypothesis suggests that degrading organic matter in hypersaline environments releases the necessary component ions, increasing saturation with respect to dolomite (DiLoreto et al. 2019, Dupraz et al. 2009, Petrash et al. 2017). Other models suggest a dissolution-reprecipitation reaction of calcite to dolomite (Rivers 2023). High-resolution micro-spectroscopy techniques (such as transmission electron microscopy, TEM; and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy, STXM) can be used to determine chemical changes in crystals nucleating in a matrix, however to date very little studies have focused on observing dolomite mineralization at the nano-scale. The present study investigates microbial mats collected from hypersaline salt flats in the Persian gulf at micro- to nano-meter scales using high-spatial and -energy resolution TEM (Thermo Scientific Talos 200X at the Canadian Centre for Electron Microscopy) and STXM (PolLux Beamline at the Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut), specifically to see changes in carbonate mineralization due to interactions with organic matter. C, Ca and O elemental maps of carbonate crystals were obtained with EDXS (energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) in TEM. These crystals were also indexed by SAED (selected area electron diffraction in TEM). Fine spectral signatures (near-edge X-ray absorption fine structures, or NEXAFS) at the C K-edge (280-290 eV) and Ca L2,3-edge (344-356 eV) in STXM were used to determine the chemical identity of carbonate minerals and surrounding organic matter of the microbial mats.

The results of the study show that dolomite nucleates in close association with the organic matter of the mats, where degradation is highest (defined in our adjacent study as the increase in C:N ratio). In TEM, polycrystalline dolomite is seen mineralizing in the matrix of the microbial mat organic material (Fig. 1). In STXM, the identity of the carbonate mineral changes from calcite on the outside to dolomite on the inside of the microbial mat particle (Fig. 2). In addition, our microsensor observations of elevated H2S concentrations, surface oxygenation from oxygenic phototrophy, high reduction potential, high organic carbon, high Mg:Ca ratio and high organic matter degradation (by C:N ratio) in each of the studied microbial mats confirms that the ideal dolomite mineralization conditions according to models of the dolomite problem are present in each case.
Temporal dynamics of microbe-virus interactions in the Baltic Sea
Authors: Bell Emma , Holmfeldt Karin , Pinhassi Jarone , Andersson Anders
Published: October 2023

Bacteria and archaea are key drivers of all major element cycles. Viruses that infect bacteria and archaea also play a fundamental role by altering the metabolic state of their host during infection and causing cell death. The CRISPR-Cas system is one of many strategies employed by bacteria and archaea to defend against viral infection. Invading viral DNA is incorporated into a CRISPR array as a short sequence (spacer) that is then recognised during the next viral encounter providing an adaptive immunity. The temporal dynamics of this system in the environment, however, is not well constrained. Using a meta-omic dataset spanning several years of sampling, we leveraged the CRISPR-Cas system to explore microbe-virus interactions in the Baltic Sea. Our goal was to understand how quickly microbes in the environment adapt to virus predation, and conversely how quickly viruses adapt to the microbial defence mechanism by developing mutations in the spacer-targeted region. To explore these interactions, we first generated a database consisting of thousands of complete and high-quality viral genomes recovered from viromes collected from the Baltic Sea. CRISPR arrays were then identified in microbial metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs), metagenomic contigs, and unassembled metagenomic reads from corresponding sampling time points. Virus-host dynamics were uncovered by matching quality-filtered spacers from CRISPR arrays to the viral database. The results show that spacer turnover over time can be captured in temporal meta-omic datasets. In the Baltic Sea, this has implications for the termination of microbial blooms, biogeochemical cycling, and resource turnover.
Optimized YOLOv7-tiny model for smoke detection in power transmission lines
Authors: Chen Chen , Yuan Guowu , Zhou Hao , Ma Yutang , Ma Yi
Published: October 2023

Fire incidents near power transmission lines pose significant safety hazards to the regular operation of the power system. Therefore, achieving fast and accurate smoke detection around power transmission lines is crucial. Due to the complexity and variability of smoke scenarios, existing smoke detection models suffer from low detection accuracy and slow detection speed. This paper proposes an improved model for smoke detection in high-voltage power transmission lines based on the improved YOLOv7-tiny. First, we construct a dataset for smoke detection in high-voltage power transmission lines. Due to the limited number of real samples, we employ a particle system to randomly generate smoke and composite it into randomly selected real scenes, effectively expanding the dataset with high quality. Next, we introduce multiple parameter-free attention modules into the YOLOv7-tiny model and replace regular convolutions in the Neck of the model with Spd-Conv (Space-to-depth Conv) to improve detection accuracy and speed. Finally, we utilize the synthesized smoke dataset as the source domain for model transfer learning. We pre-train the improved model and fine-tune it on a dataset consisting of real scenarios. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed improved YOLOv7-tiny model achieves a 2.61% increase in mean Average Precision (mAP) for smoke detection on power transmission lines compared to the original model. The precision is improved by 2.26%, and the recall is improved by 7.25%. Compared to other object detection models, the smoke detection proposed in this paper achieves high detection accuracy and speed. Our model also improved detection accuracy on the already publicly available wildfire smoke dataset Figlib (Fire Ignition Library).
Learning Mathematics with Large Language Models
Authors: Matzakos Nikolaos , Doukakis Spyridon , Moundridou Maria
Published: October 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) has permeated all human activities, bringing about significant changes and creating new scientific and ethical challenges. The field of education could not be an exception to this development. OpenAI’s unveiling of ChatGPT, their large language model (LLM), has sparked significant interest in the potential applications of this technology in education. This paper aims to contribute to the ongoing discussion on the role of AI in education and its potential implications for the future of learning by exploring how LLMs could be utilized in the teaching of mathematics in higher education and how they compare to the currently widely used computer algebra systems (CAS) and other mathematical tools. It argues that these innovative tools have the potential to provide functional and pedagogical opportunities that may influence changes in curriculum and assessment approaches.
Niet-naleving van het beginsel “de vervuiler betaalt” voor de waterprijs in Brussel
Authors: May Xavier
Published: October 2023

L’ordonnance Cadre Eau impose le cout-vérité de l’eau conformément au principe du pollueur-payeur. En pratique, les consommateurs d’eau – domestiques et non domestiques – bruxellois sont les principaux contributeurs au financement de la lutte contre les inondations, de la collecte et de l’épuration des eaux présentes dans le réseau unitaire d’égouts bruxellois. Cependant, environ la moitié des eaux résiduaires sont des eaux de pluie et des eaux claires parasites qui ne sont pas liées à la consommation d’eau. Les consommateurs ne devraient donc pas être mis à contribution pour les couts qu’elles engendrent en vertu du principe du pollueur-payeur. Nous estimons que 20 % de la facture d’eau des consommateurs est indument à leur charge et examinons comment ces montants pourraient être financés autrement.
Let’s Chat with a Perfect Stranger: Multiple Literacy and Learning the Pandemic through Whatsapp Theatre
Authors: Eldhose A.Y.
Published: October 2023

This essay looks at an online interactive theatrical experience titled Project Perfect Stranger by ZU-UK that helps its participants reflect upon the pandemic and themselves through mediated WhatsApp interactions with a perfect stranger. Moreover, this is a participant observant inquiry into the project. The study looks at how virtual theatrical experiences can offer multiple possibilities/levels of learning.
Quelques escapades musicales en Bretagne : voyage sans bateau du Donegal aux Highlands et du pays de Galles aux Asturies. Première partie.
Authors: Camus Cyril
Published: October 2023

Suite des promenades musicales débutées dans « Dix jours d’un concert à l’autre à la Nouvelle-Orléans » (Camus, « Dix jours »).
Reducing Unconscious Bias in Health Care: Role of Nursing Education
Authors: Seneviratne S.
Published: October 2023

No abstract available
Technical Evaluation of the Use of Hybrid Energy (Solar and Offshore Wind) to Supply Artificial Lift Pumps on an Oil Platform on the Equatorial Margin
Authors: Silva W. K. , Cunha A. L. , Alves A. C. , Gomes V. J. C. , Freitas P. P. , Restrepo D. F. , Salinas-Silva R. , Camacho-Galindo S. , Guerrero-Martin L. E. , Guerrero-Martin C. A.
Published: October 2023

This article aimed to analyze the relevance of wind and solar energy for the supply of artificial lifting systems on offshore platforms in the Brazilian equatorial region. The scope encompassed a detailed technical and environmental assessment, with an emphasis on the integration of a 10 MW floating photovoltaic power (FSPV) system to meet the demand for 10 pumps. In addition, the study sought to evaluate the potential for solar power generation in the region, considering the abundant global horizontal solar radiation (GHI).

The methodology employed involved a thorough evaluation of the energy required for the artificial lifting system, using nine steps as described by Centrilift. For the analysis of solar power generation, the System Advisor Model (SAM) developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) was used. The meteorological data and wind potential were obtained from measuring stations of the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET). Through SAM, FSPV performance has been carefully modeled, considering different scenarios to determine the viability of the power solution.

The results obtained highlighted the high viability of the 10 MW FSPV system to meet the energy demand of the 10 artificial lifting pumps. The simulations carried out in the SAM indicated a significant annual generation of electricity, with a high supply capacity and a good performance index, ensuring an adequate and sustainable energy supply over time. In addition, the analysis revealed the promising potential of solar power generation in the equatorial region, consolidating FSPV as the most appropriate option and with the best prospects for offshore platforms in this location.

This study provides valuable information by highlighting the feasibility of floating solar energy as a viable energy solution for offshore platforms in the Brazilian equatorial region. The integration of the FSPV system was thoroughly evaluated, demonstrating the benefits of the abundant availability of solar radiation, as well as the modulation and scalability of the systems. In addition, the environmental impacts associated with both energy sources were identified, underscoring the importance of mitigating any possible negative effects. The study presents an in-depth and reasoned analysis, offering valuable guidance for future renewable energy projects in regions of similar characteristics.
Coming Innovation for the Provision of Remote, Reliable, Unattended Power Generation and Data Communications for Deep-Water Applications: The Autonomous Offshore Power System
Authors: Lesemann A. R.
Published: October 2023

The paper describes the autonomous offshore power system (AOPS) — an innovative power and data communications system — that is being prepared for introduction to remote, deep-water applications. This paper consolidates technical and market information about the AOPS presented in prior OTC papers and contextualizes it for the Brasilian offshore upstream oil and gas sector.

The AOPS is currently being introduced into shallow-water environments for support of mobile and static assets, such as data-gathering systems, surface and subsea robotics, and operating equipment for the offshore energy, defense, security, and research markets. The AOPS uses multiple energy resources (ocean energy and solar) and storage technologies (rechargeable batteries and pre-charged fuel-cells) to provide ultra-reliable energy supplies and data communications in remote, offshore locations. An AOPS can provide primary, redundant, or emergency power and data communications capabilities. For instance, an AOPS can provide first power to a greenfield development, enable 24/7 leak detection monitoring and reporting, provide permanent in-situ power for a brownfield upgrade, or avoid the need for replacement of a failed umbilical to a stranded asset.

Innovative AOPS technologies are currently in pilot testing for shallow-water depth sites in temperate climate zone locations. Advancements currently underway to various AOPS technologies will deliver a system suitable for deep-water applications in tropical climate zone locations. The purpose of an AOPS is to reduce the cost, complexity, and carbon-intensity of offshore activities by replacing topside vessels and power and data umbilicals. An AOPS can also enable provision of new hardware and services not techno-economically possible before.

The paper will highlight the various AOPS technologies under development, the variety of use cases and applications an AOPS is suited for, and how an AOPS can reduce the cost, complexity, and carbon-intensity of deep-water operations in the Brazilian oil and gas sector.
Offshore Pipeline Case-Study: State-Of-The-Art Comparison Between Different ILI Technologies for Challenging Metal Loss Diagnosis and Remaining Lifetime Assessment
Authors: Lopes M. , Souza M. , Zanelli R. , Barraud B. , Ayala M.
Published: October 2023

This paper describes the history of an offshore pipeline that failed from an internal corrosion defect that was not detected by the MFL-A technology. After the failure, the pipeline was inspected with different technologies such as MFL-A, MFL-C, IEC, and Ultrasonic Wall Thickness Measurement. The authors discuss different detection capabilities, inspection variables, data analysis process, inspection results, and integrity management.

Internal corrosion is one of the main failure mechanisms of rigid pipelines. Accordantly to the U.S. Department of Transportation [3], between 1998 and 2017 approximately 12% of pipeline incidents were caused by internal corrosion. To detect, measure and evaluate the corrosion anomalies, the ILI technologies are the most accurate approach to define the maximum operating pressure and manage their integrity [13]. The industry offers different types of technologies, such as Ultrasonic Wall Thickness Measurement, Axial and Circumferential Magnetic Flux Leakage, and Internal Eddy Current. Corrosion defects offer different levels of complexity for detection and sizing depending on the nature of the corrosion phenomenon and its morphology. All technologies have advantages and limitations; therefore, it is important for operators to identify the priorities to select the most appropriate technology based on needs.

The decision of which technology or combination of technologies should be used is the main task and responsibility of the Integrity Manager, and involves technical, commercial, and operational factors. The paper proves that some ILI technologies are not able to correctly identify and measure specific nature and geometry of corrosion anomalies. It intends to create a guideline for operators to correctly choose the ILI technology and be able to properly manage the integrity of rigid pipelines, defining its maximum operating pressure and evaluating the necessity for repair.

The authors intend to share with the industry the technical particularities in the data comparison from the last two inspections carried out to pipeline with Ultrasonic Wall Thickness Measurement, with special focus on challenging anomalies due to its location, geometry, and size. This Offshore pipeline case is turned public to share the knowledge gathered through many inspections and engineering analysis conducted during life extension assessment of the pipeline.
A Machine Learning Framework for Data Driven Platform Electrical Systems Design and Simulation
Authors: Ferreira V. H. , Araújo D. C. , Mafra G. R. , Fortes M. Z. , Pinho A. C. , Augusto A. A. , Colombini A. C. , Pessoa A. A. , Sancho G. V. , Boas D. V. , Ramos M. L. , Cavaliere C. A. , Ferraz P. E. , de Oliveira W. A.
Published: October 2023

FPSO platforms have traditionally employed conservative designs for their electrical systems, resulting in lower load conditions than originally anticipated during the design phase. This work proposes a machine learning framework for data driven FPSO electrical systems design and simulation, with several machine learning and data analysis routines being implemented. The user experience design was done with the objective of the tool being easy to understand and use by engineering teams responsible for management level decisions. To achieve this an iterative development process was employed using target users’ feedback, with the final automatic regression functionality achieving an average mean absolute error of 0.87% per platform on validation data. Some features, such as the clustering functionality were specifically requested during the development, while others, such as the automated data preprocessing pipeline, were designed to minimize the need for user interference while maintaining a high-quality dataset for the user to work with. Developed in the background of a partnership between a research team at UFF and Petrobras, the framework was found appropriate and is currently at an early adoption phase by relevant teams at Petrobras.