bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Note on Constraint Release of 1st Person Agent in Korean Direct Evidentiality
Authors:   The Society Of Modern Grammar, Jin Woohyoun
Published: April 2024

This article probes evidential characteristic of -te- and -ne, working on the constraint release of 1st person agent. Root sentences with direct evidentiality show the duplicity that the use of 1st person agent is sometimes restricted but eased other times. 1st person agent is objectified as if it were the 3rd person and escapes the restriction within the framework of evidentiality. There is not enough discussion on the evidential characteristics of -te- and -ne which affect this process. In this article we propose that -te-, -ne still invoke the direct eviden- tiality based on the fact that because of the non­eye­witness evidentaility the evidential strength of -te-, -ne do not undermine the assertiveness of evidential strength of proposition realized with direct evidentiality. This evidential effect works on 1st person agent constraint easing where, speaker objectifies 1st person agent who is protagonist of the event by reducing evidential effect of participatory evidentiality. The result of this note is expected to provide fundamental description to represent syntactic relation between -te-, -ne and 1st person agent.
Petrogenesis of metaluminous and peraluminous granitoids from Garga-Sarali zone : evidence of I- and S-type sources (central African fold belt in Cameroon)
Authors: Isaac Daama , Gbambie Isaac Bertrand Mbowou , Dagwaï Nguihdama , Ismaïla Ngounouno
Published: April 2024

The Garga-Sarali granitoids outcrop from a metamorphic basement in the central-eastern part of the Central Cameroonian Domain of the Central African fold belt in Cameroon, and are petrographically very complex. They can be divided into two types : (1) Granodiorites of metaluminous type-I, with a fine-grained porphyritic variant texture, consisting of quartrz + orthoclase + microcline + plagioclase + biotite + zircon + oxides ± apatite; (2) and two-mica granites of hyper-aluminous type-S, with a grainy texture, consisting of the same quartzo + k-feldspars + biotite + cordierite ± apatite. These formations both belong to a calc-alkaline-subalkaline, hyper-potassic to shoshonitic signature, and to the tectonic domains of volcanic arc granites. Their emplacement is intimately linked to a crustal parent magma (metagrauwackes and metabsalt-tonalites) that imbibed through the openings in the post-orogenic pan-African lithospheric constraints. Their La/Yb ratio, with (La/Sm)n ranging from 2.18-5.75 ppm, reflects their richness in LREE, and the average Eu/Eu*=0.666 ppm suggests that the residual magma was supersaturated with silica.
Comparative study of surface roughness between electropolishing process and traditional sanding for low carbon steel
Authors: Eduardo Schmitzhaus Tobias , Do Nascimento Ângelo Cristaldo Matheus , Cristiano Schmitzhaus Wagner
Published: April 2024

Steel is a versatile material utilized across various sectors, encompassing both industrial and decorative applications. AISI (American Iron and Steel Institute) 1005 steel, recognized for its low carbon content (approximately 0.05% carbon), is commonly referred to as mild steel and finds extensive use in society. This study aims to investigate the influence of electropolishing parameters, specifically current density, and time, on the surface roughness of steel. The methodology involved the preparation of samples for electropolishing tests, systematic variation of the parameters, and subsequent analysis of the resulting surface finish through roughness measurements. Samples subjected to higher current densities for shorter durations exhibited substantial reductions in roughness, while longer durations resulted in minimal or negligible changes in roughness regardless of the current density employed. This comparative analysis between electropolishing and tradi-tional sanding techniques provides valuable insights into optimizing surface finishing processes for low carbon steel applications.
NIGERIAN SCRIPT TEXTS AS CREOLIZED REALITY REFLECTION
Authors:   Belgorod National Research University, Voloshina Tatiana G.
Published: April 2024

The article deals with the peculiarities of script texts within the realm of cinematography, a contemporary art form. The research endeavors to elucidate the primary characteristic features of Nigerian script texts, which undergo creolization towards the norms of British English and local languages and cultures. Screenwriters initiate the filmmaking process by crafting a script text, serving as the essential foundation for directors, actors, stuntmen, costume and makeup designers, as well as editors. Nigerian script texts manifest as creolized texts, distinguished by a notable feature: the detailed inclusion of authorial remarks providing extensive information for future utilization. Each film script embodies a creolized text, contributing to the transformation of structural substance into a new cinematic reality. Nigerian script texts undergo multiple instances of creolization, adapting to the requirements of local languages and cultural peculiarities. The research validates Nigerian script texts as creolized compositions characterized by detailed authorial remarks, shedding light on language-specific features such as grammar transformations resulting in simplification processes. The most prevalent grammar simplification processes entail the consecutive use of nouns and pronouns, a preference for simple verb tenses, and the omission of auxiliary verbs in interrogative and negative sentences. The grammatical alterations observed in Nigerian scripts are attributed to the influence of local languages and Nigerians' aspiration to adhere to local language features, thereby preserving cultural heritage.
CHARLES III AND THE CORONATION: A METAPHORICAL IMAGE IN NEWS POLITICAL CARTOONS
Authors:   1Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Dymova Alena V. , Zolotaiko Anastasia I. Zolotaiko ,   Ural Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Kareva Victoria Yu. ,   , Ural Federal University
Published: April 2024

This article considers the unique role of representing the coronation of Charles III within the news aspect of Internet discourse, focusing on the non-verbal aspects of the text. Caricature studies, appearing in both printed and electronic periodicals, are conducted through cognitive-discursive analysis of metaphor. Three distinct periods of cartoon releases are examined: following the death of Elizabeth II, on the eve of the coronation, and during the initial weeks after the coronation. Among the 126 analyzed images, those prevailed that conveyed pragmatic meanings of immaturity, unpreparedness, and inconsistency, primarily through attributive manifestations of royal power such as shoes, headgear (crown, hat), and throne. The authors highlight the predominant ironic and somewhat condescending vector of visual metaphors, attributing this to the public attitude developed over an extended period preceding the accession to the throne
REPRESENTATION OF THE LANGUAGE CONFLICT SITUATION IN SCOTLAND: CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Tarasova Kira E.
Published: April 2024

The article represents a language conflict situation by conceptualizing its elements within the representation of a specific ethnic group. The aim of the article is to analyze the concepts constituting the sphere that represents linguistic conflict in Scotland. The dictionaries of the Scots and English languages serve as the basis for the definitional analysis of key words that actualize corresponding concepts in English. For contextual and event history analyses, official documents and scientific articles related to the studied knowledge domain are utilized in the research. The research draws conclusions on the representation of linguistic conflict as an event sequence from the viewpoint of its description and conceptualization by the Scottish people. The sphere of concepts encompasses terms such as CONFLICT, SCOTS, ENGLISH, GAELIC, SCHOOL, and LANGUAGE POLICY. The article's relevance lies in the examination of changes in the conceptions of the Scots and English languages from the 800s to the present day.
Political Balance in Fox News
Authors: Dai Nianlong , Leech Beth
Published: April 2024

In the era of media prosperity, Fox News, as the most significant political news provider in the United States (According to Pew Research Center’s research, 16 percent of participants consider Fox News their primary source of political news, which is higher than any other media), influences the political orientation of voters to manipulate election results through various means, such as overemphasizing, reporters’ interpreting, and disregarding news, etc. In order to make their reporting seem more objective and reliable, politically biased media may gain credibility for themselves by covering more news with different political perspectives during non-significant times, which is called political balancing. In order to verify whether political balancing exists in the mainstream media, sixty Fox News reports during the period of 2016 election were randomly selected and analyzed. According to the result, Fox News put statistically significant more positive coverage of Democrats after the Republican candidate, Donald Trump, won the 2016 election. The findings of this research are substantial since awareness of the media’s political balancing will benefit voters in making rational choices for consequential elections. Meanwhile, political balancing could be necessary for researchers conducting studies of journalism.
Physical Activity and Pain During Pregnancy
Authors: Velez Sarah , McCarthy Traci , Spaeth Andrea
Published: April 2024

Low back and pelvic girdle pain are prevalent during pregnancy, impacting about 50% of pregnant women. Previous studies conducted on the general population have suggested that physical activity has been associated with reductions in pain levels.
Purpose: To determine if women with higher levels of physical activity experience less low back and pelvic girdle pain and lower disability scores than women who are less physically active.
Methods: Pregnant women (n=24, 32.2 ± 4.1 years) were recruited between 28- and 32-weeks gestation. Participants reported their weekly physical activity, responded to subjective pain surveys, and underwent a battery of objective pain testing. Spearman’s-rho was used to assess correlations between physical activity scores and each subjective pain measure.
Results: Tests for correlation between pregnancy physical activity scores and pain domain measures were not significant (ps>0.05), so no relationship could be determined between physical activity levels and low back/pelvic girdle pain based on this study.
Conclusion: This study was not able to identify a significant correlation between physical activity levels and low back/pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy.
Shale hydraulic fracture morphology and inter-well interference rule under multi-wellbore test
Authors: Ma Yulin , Du Yupeng , Lu Dandan
Published: April 2024

This study conducted a series of true triaxial hydraulic fracturing experiments on Longmaxi Formation shale. We investigated the interaction between internal factors and external factors on the inter-well interference of 400 mm cubic porous specimens. During dual wellbore fracturing at different formations, forming inter-well interference through secondary hydraulic fractures lead to a lower interference intensity and larger stimulated rock area. When adopting a three-layer well layout during three-wellbore fracturing, the vertical distance between the wells is shortened, activating more bedding planes. Regardless of a horizontal well placement with two wellbores or a three-dimensional two-layer well placement with three wellbores, increasing the vertical stress leads to more potent inter-well interference. There is no absolute positive correlation between the stimulated rock area and inter-well interference. It can be influenced by the presence of natural fractures within the formation that can even lead to a reduction in the stimulated area. When the well placement changes from two horizontal wellbores to three-dimensional two-layer sites with three wellbores and the vertical stress increases, the inter-well interference becomes stronger, but the stimulated rock area only increases by 22.6%. These findings provide crucial guidance for the hydraulic fracturing design of shale reservoirs.
Effect of recrystallization degree on properties of passive film of super ferritic stainless steel S44660
Authors: Wang Bin , Li Yugui , Li Huaying , Zhao Guanghui , Song Yaohui , Xu Hui
Published: April 2024

The effect of the recrystallization degree on the properties of passive films formed in 0.1 M HNO3 solution for super ferritic stainless steel S44660 was examined in this study. The initial specimens, in their cold-rolled state, showed a high dislocation density, as observed through electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) experiments. Analysis of potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements suggested that with the increase of recrystallization degree, the corrosion current density reduced and the corrosion potential increased. As revealed by Mott–Schottky analysis, the passive film showed a dual structure of n-type and p-type semiconductors, with the carrier density of the passive film decreasing as the recrystallization degree increased. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) provided insights into the film composition, indicating that the Fe2O3 and Cr2O3 content, which improved the stability of the passive film, increased with the degree of recrystallization. In summary, the increase in recrystallization degree reduced the number of defects in the microstructure, thereby creating favorable conditions for the formation of highly protective passive films. The passive film formed after complete recrystallization exhibited enhanced corrosion resistance.
On the continuity in q of the family of the limit q-Durrmeyer operators
Authors: Yılmaz Övgü Gürel , Ostrovska Sofiya , Turan Mehmet
Published: April 2024

This study deals with the one-parameter family

{

D

q

}

q
∈

[

0
,
1

]

{\left\{{D}_{q}\right\}}_{q\in \left[0,1]}

of Bernstein-type operators introduced by Gupta and called the limit

q

q

-Durrmeyer operators. The continuity of this family with respect to the parameter

q

q

is examined in two most important topologies of the operator theory, namely, the strong and uniform operator topologies. It is proved that

{

D

q

}

q
∈

[

0
,
1

]

{\left\{{D}_{q}\right\}}_{q\in \left[0,1]}

is continuous in the strong operator topology for all

q
∈

[

0
,
1

]

q\in \left[0,1]

. When it comes to the uniform operator topology, the continuity is preserved solely at

q
=
0

q=0

and fails at all

q
∈

(

0
,
1

]

.

q\in \left(0,1].

In addition, a few estimates for the distance between two limit

q

q

-Durrmeyer operators have been derived in the operator norm on

C

[

0
,
1

]

C\left[0,1]

.
Analysis of 1-year energy data of a 5 kW and a 122 kW rooftop photovoltaic installation in Dhaka
Authors: Hossion Mohammad Abul
Published: April 2024

Since 2010, rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems have been extensively used in Bangladesh. This PV system contributes 2–3% to the country's energy demand. In recent years (2020–2024), at least ten large-scale 20–100 MW PV power plants are coming into operation. However, the growth rate of the new PV system is limited by a few factors, such as sustainable energy output over a long time, financial return on investment, and reliability of the energy. To maintain a steady growth of the electrical energy produced from the PV system, research on the performance of the older installations is required. This study analyzes the various data (generated dc power from sunlight, transmitted ac power to the grid) of a 5 kW (March 2021–February 2022) and a 122.4 kW (January 2022–December 2022) rooftop grid-connected solar installation for 12 months. The polycrystalline silicon PV systems are 8 and 4 years old, respectively. The yearly average performance ratio of the 5 and 122.4 kW systems is 17% and 79%, respectively. The results of the study will encourage the investors and community to achieve a 10% share in the national energy demand in the context of Bangladesh.
The stone left unturned: boredom among young EFL learners
Authors: Mahmoudi-Gahrouei Vahid , Kruk Mariusz , Moafian Fatemeh , Farahmand Boroujeni Maryam
Published: April 2024

The present study explores the under-researched phenomenon of boredom, its antecedents, and solutions, as well as the boredom-generating parts of English classes among 227 young learners of English in an Iranian context. Data were collected through an open-ended questionnaire, and semi-structured interviews were thematically analyzed using MAXQDA (Version 2022) to extract themes concerning the issues under study. Findings revealed that teachers’ lack of control over students’ behavior, lack of classroom management, lack of fun in teaching, excessive repetitions, teacher-centered teaching, and classroom physical environment were the main causes of boredom. As for solutions to learners’ boredom, introducing better classroom management strategies, making the class more effervescent, making teaching more learner-centered, and enhancing classroom physical environment were suggested. The findings also revealed that the middle of the English class was the most boredom-generating part for the young learners of English.
Characteristics of bulletproof plate made from silkworm cocoon waste: Hybrid silkworm cocoon waste-reinforced epoxy/UHMWPE composite
Authors: Jarupong Jeerasak , Sasrimuang Suparat , Artnaseaw Apichart
Published: April 2024

This study aims to develop composite plates using silkworm cocoon waste- and hybrid silkworm cocoon waste-reinforced polymer composite using epoxy resin as a matrix to replace synthetic fibers in bulletproof plates. The fabrication involved mixing 70 g of silkworm cocoon waste with 240 g of resin and 70 g of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, followed by cold compression molding. Tensile and impact tests on the resulting samples, using a standardized 9 mm projectile, showed a tensile strength of 107.4 MPa and an elastic modulus of 1240.3 MPa. With a back face signature (BFS) of 21.25 mm, the samples effectively intercepted the projectile, satisfying the stringent U.S. National Institute of Justice standard 0101.06, which specifies a maximum BFS of 44 mm. In comparison with hemp woven materials, silkworm cocoon waste has proven to be a promising substitute for both tensile and impact evaluations, attracting considerable interest and underscoring its role as a reinforcing agent for national fiber. This research has significant implications for industries and applications requiring affordable, lightweight, and efficient safeguards against ballistic dangers. Ultimately, it contributes to the progress of ballistic protection methods by encouraging exploration into innovative, bio-inspired, and sustainable materials capable of achieving superior impact resistance.
Havi munkaügyi adatok becslésének módszertana a KSH-ban
Authors: HORVÁTH Beáta , LOVICS Gábor
Published: April 2024

Bármely ország gazdaságának fontos jellemzője a munkaerőpiaci folyamatainak alakulása. Ezért fontos, hogy a döntéshozók minél gyorsabban, minél pontosabb képet kapjanak az ezt jellemző folyamatokról, amiben a munkaerő-felmérésből származó információknak kiemelten fontos szerepe van. A felvétel klasszikusan negyedéves gyakorisággal ad becslést, de gyorsuló világunkban egyre nagyobb szükség van ennél sűrűbb információkra. Ebben a tanulmányban azt mutatjuk be, hogy a KSH milyen állapottérmodell segítségével készíti el havi becslését a főbb munkaerőpiaci indikátorok tekintetében.
Self-efficacy, Effort, and Performance Perceptions Enhance Psychological Responses to Strength Training in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Athletes
Authors: Biscardi Lauren M. , Miller Angela D. , Andre Matthew J. , Stroiney Debra A.
Published: April 2024

Biscardi, LM, Miller, AD, Andre, MJ, and Stroiney, DA. Self-efficacy, effort, and performance perceptions enhance psychological responses to strength training in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes. J Strength Cond Res 38(5): 898–905, 2024—This study examined the effect of self-efficacy, effort, and perceived performance on positive well-being (PWB) and psychological distress (PD) following high-intensity resistance training sessions in collegiate student-athletes. An observational field study design was used to collect data before and after resistance training sessions in a 4-week preseason strength training block. A multilevel model assessed day-level and person-level variance in acute PWB and PD. Interaction terms were also tested at the day level. Alpha was set at 0.05. Within a 4-week training block, training session intensity did not predict changes in acute psychological responses. After controlling for an athlete's preexercise psychological state, higher self-efficacy, daily effort, and perceived performance predicted higher PWB and lower PD following training (p < 0.05). Self-efficacy moderated the relationships of daily effort and performance with PD (p < 0.05). When athletes experienced lower self-efficacy, producing a higher effort and perceiving better performance reduced the negative psychological response. These findings highlight the important mediating role of cognitive variables in the acute psychological response to high-intensity resistance training. Coaches should identify and mitigate low cognitive states to facilitate a positive psychological response to resistance training. This strategy promotes a positive psychological response without altering training prescription.
A Biomechanical Comparison of the Back Squat and Hexagonal Barbell Deadlift
Authors: Stahl Cody A. , Regni Giancarlo , Tanguay Jonathan , McElfresh Maddie , Trihy Eoghan , Diggin David , King Deborah L.
Published: April 2024

Stahl, CA, Regni, G, Tanguay, J, McElfresh, M, Trihy, E, Diggin, D, and King, DL. A biomechanical comparison of the back squat and hexagonal barbell deadlift. J Strength Cond Res 38(5): 815–824, 2024—Coaches often use different exercises to encourage similar strength adaptations and limit monotony. Anecdotally, the hexagonal barbell deadlift (HBD) exhibits similarities to the back squat (BS). To date, research has not examined the empirical differences between these exercises. This study examined kinematic and kinetic differences between the BS and the HBD across different loads. Sixteen resistance-trained individuals (6 men and 10 women) volunteered to participate. Subjects performed 1-repetition maximum (1RM) testing under BS and HBD conditions. Kinematic and kinetic data were collected during performance of both exercises at submaximal (warm-up sets) and maximal (1RM) loads using a 3D motion capture and force-plate system. Results showed that subjects lifted greater 1RM loads in the HBD relative to the BS (p < 0.05; d = −1.75). Kinematic data indicated that subjects exhibited greater maximum forward lean of the trunk and decreased maximum knee flexion while performing the HBD compared with the BS. The BS resulted in higher maximum extension moments at the hip joint than the HBD. Maximum extension moments at the knee joint showed no difference between the exercises. Data suggest that bar design and position facilitate balanced moment arm length at hip and knee joints during performance of the HBD. By contrast, bar position during performance of the BS increases moment arm length at the hip joint, making it a hip-dominant exercise. The present data have implications for the programming of both exercises. Future research should examine differences in muscle-activation strategies between the 2 exercises.
Observe, Practice, and Improve? Enhancing Sidestep Cutting Execution in Talented Female Soccer Players: A Four-Week Intervention Program With Video Instruction
Authors: Nijmeijer Eline M. , Kempe Matthias , Elferink-Gemser Marije T. , Benjaminse Anne
Published: April 2024

Nijmeijer, EM, Kempe, M, Elferink-Gemser, MT, and Benjaminse A. Observe, practice and improve? Enhancing sidestep cutting (SSC) execution in talented female soccer players: A four-week intervention program with video instruction. J Strength Cond Res 38(8): e430–e439, 2024—Implicit learning has the potential to improve movement execution and reduce injury risk. Previous research showed beneficial effects of short-term interventions with implicit learning in male athletes. However, research on long-term interventions in female athletes is lacking. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a 4-week intervention with video instruction on movement execution of SSC, a task that is highly related with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk, in female athletes. Twenty talented adolescent female soccer players were part of the control (CTRL, n = 10) or video instruction (VIDEO, n = 10) group. All subjects practiced 4 weeks and received general task instructions. In addition, the VIDEO group received expert video instruction during practice. Lower extremity kinematics and kinetics and vertical ground reaction force of SSC were examined during baseline, immediate post, and 1-week retention tests. After nonlinear registration, differences between each subject and the expert she had seen were determined. These differences were analyzed with SPM1D 2-way ANOVA. No interaction effects between time and group were found (p > 0.05). Main effects of time were found in the frontal plane. In particular, smaller deviations of subjects compared with the seen expert of the knee adduction (p = 0.005, 97.9–100% stance phase [SP]) and hip abduction (p = 0.005, 11.5–13.8% SP) and adduction (p < 0.001, 33.4–87.7% SP) moments were found in immediate post compared with baseline. These frontal plane short-term improvements, replicating earlier findings in both sexes, may lower ACL injury risk. The large observed interindividual differences over time may have concealed the long-term effects of video instruction at the group level.
Client consulting projects on the block: Understanding sources of tension
Authors: Broady Lora Louise , Rader Christina
Published: April 2024

In this article, we consider client consulting projects embedded in a course on the block, with a particular focus on the tensions inherent in teaching and learning with such projects. Client consulting projects offer a unique pedagogical approach that tasks student teams with helping a client solve a current problem. Such approaches merit study for the block plan because other research on the semester-basis shows that consulting projects contain elements known to increase student learning outcomes; the block plan is likely to offer added benefits as well as unique challenges and tensions. Using a mixed-methods approach centered on reflective case writing about two different courses that offer client consulting projects and supplemented by data from students and clients, we investigated the benefits, challenges, tensions, and key success factors in client consulting projects on the block. Overall, the major stakeholders – faculty, students, and clients – agreed that the benefits outweighed the challenges. Especially salient were the benefits to students of real-world experience, increased motivation and sense of meaningfulness, and the chance to deepen their learning by applying course concepts. Challenges include the stress involved for the students and faculty with fitting the project into the block and pleasing the client, plus the time invested by faculty to make the projects happen. Most importantly, client consulting projects on the block present five tensions: the dual-evaluation nature of the project (both the professor and client are evaluating), the level of client engagement and alignment, scheduling and pacing, the level of professor guidance, and the degree of emphasis on traditional course content vs. the project. Keys to success include setting expectations, building trust, having clear structure and organization, and developing teamwork skills and roles. The understanding of tensions gained through this research will position faculty for greater success with client consulting projects on the block.
Una Una nueva localidad en la península ibérica para la hepática amenazada Lepidozia cupressina (Sw.) Lindenb. (Marchantiopsida, Lophoziaceae)
Authors: González Martínez Xosé Ignacio , Pego Niño Marta
Published: April 2024

Lepidozia cupressina (Sw.) Lindenb. es una hepática foliosa que en España peninsular está catalogada como taxón En Peligro. Se trata de un briófito muy localizado en la Península, con tan solo tres poblaciones conocidas en su extremo norte. Además, en estas localidades cuenta con un número muy reducido de efectivos intrapoblacionales, lo cual la hace más susceptible a posibles fenómenos de extinción local. En este trabajo se aportan datos sobre su presencia, ecología y abundancia en una nueva localidad del N de Galicia.ad del N de Galicia.
Optimal control of an infected prey–predator model with fear effect
Authors: Qiu Hong , Zhang Tianzi , Hou Rumei
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we propose and analyze a prey–predator model with the functional response of Beddington–DeAngelis and the fear effect that have infection only in prey populations. We determine existence criteria of several equilibria, and the stability at different equilibria are presented. We exert pesticide control over prey and additional food control over predators, the optimal control is obtained by the Pontryagin maximum principle. We confirm that adding controls to the predator and prey yields better results. Further we enrich our analysis with the inclusion of the existence and uniqueness of the optimal control. Finally, some numerical results to illustrate our analysis are presented.
Algorithms for Digital Processing of Correlation Functions in Leak Detectors
Authors:   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering  National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Vladimirsky A.A. , Vladimirsky I.A. ,   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering  National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Semenyuk D.M. ,   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering  National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the processing of cross-correlation functions. The need for this processing is due to a wide variety of interference conditions for searching for leaks in underground pipelines. Interference often significantly distorts the appearance of correlation functions and makes it difficult to accurately determine the coordinates of damage for pipeline repairs. Various approaches to combating these distortions are considered, depending on the available information about the characteristics of interference and leakage noise. Such features as the characteristic delay of the correlation function, which often corresponds to an interference burst and features of the frequency distributions of interference and leakage noise. An algorithm for extracting the leak coordinate from the correlation function as the coordinate of the source of a broadband signal by orthogonal decomposition of the CCF is considered. This problem is solved on the basis of classical approaches to the synthesis of shaping and synthesis of matched filters. The connection between the results obtained is shown. Thus, two approaches were used: one has the main goal of suppressing interference, without directly determining the coordinates of leaks, the other, on the contrary, is focused primarily on the selection of useful correlation of leak noises. In real-life conditions, it is advisable to combine both approaches due to the variety of acoustic environments encountered.
Overview of Swarm Systems’ Anatomy. Interaction Problem
Authors:   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering  National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Kravchuk O.A. , Samoilov V.D. ,   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering  National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: April 2024

The article reveals modern approaches to building a swarm system with an emphasis on the swarm of unmanned aerial vehicles. The main components of the architecture of the swarming system were considered: swarming model, communication network, control system. The differ-ence between the principles of controlling individual UAV and a large group (swarm) of UAVs is considered. The importance and necessity of further development of methods and systems for managing swarm systems is outlined.
The levels of visfatin and toll-like receptors in arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors:   Department of Therapy No 1, Medical Diagnostics and Hematology and Transfusion of FPGE, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine, Pokrovska N. , Mahiiovych S. ,   Department of Therapy No 1, Medical Diagnostics and Hematology and Transfusion of FPGE, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine;, Fomenko I. ,   Department of Biochemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine;, Biletska L. ,   Department of Biochemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine;, Sklyarova H. ,   Department of Family Medicine FPGE, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine;, Kobylinska L. ,   Department of Biochemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine;
Published: April 2024

Hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) remain widespread diseases that are becoming more prevalent. The role of visfatin and toll-like receptor (TLR) molecules in the pathogenesis of these diseases requires further research. Our aim was to study changes in visfatin and TLR levels in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Fifty-one patients were examined and divided into two groups: group 1 included 27 patients with hypertension and group 2 included 24 people with hypertension and type 2 DM. The control group included 18 practically healthy people. All individuals underwent general blood test, coagulogram, biochemical blood test, enzyme immunoassay to determine the level of visfatin and TLR in the blood serum and echocardiography. Hypertrophy of the walls of the left ventricle (LV) was observed in patients of two observed groups. The most common type of LV geometry was concentric hypertrophy (41.2%). The level of visfatin was significantly higher in patients of group 1, while in patients of group 2 it was decreased (P ˂ 0.05) and the level of TLR was increased (P ˂ 0.05). The elevated level of TLR in the serum of patients with hypertension can be considered a factor of low-grade inflammation, especially in combination with type 2 DM. The increase in the concentration of visfatin in hypertension serves as a more sensitive marker compared to TLR regarding the risk of developing comorbid cardiovascular pathology. The therapeutic treatments of patients with type 2 DM cause a reduction in the concentration of visfatin induced by hypertension. Keywords: hypertension, toll-like receptors, type 2 diabetes mellitus, visfatin
Circulating levels of potential markers of ischemic stroke in patients with the different forms of atrial fibrillation and chronic heart failure
Authors:   Department of Enzyme Chemistry and Biochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tykhomyrov A. O. , Yu. Sirenko O. ,   Department of Internal Medicine 2, Phthisiology, Occupational Diseases and Clinical Immunology, Dnipro State Medical University, Dnipro, Ukraine;, Kuryata O. V. ,   Department of Internal Medicine 2, Phthisiology, Occupational Diseases and Clinical Immunology, Dnipro State Medical University, Dnipro, Ukraine;
Published: April 2024

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common abnormal type of heart rhythm (cardiac arrhythmia), which is considered the leading cause of stroke. There have been limited studies on the prognostic markers for atrial disease and AF-associated ischemic stroke, despite the high demand for this procedure in daily clinical practice to monitor disease course and assess risk of stroke in patients with AF and chronic heart failure (CHF). Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the levels of serum biomarkers related to ischemic stroke in CHF patients with the different forms of AF. Forty-six patients with various types of AF (paroxysmal, persistent and permanent) with or without ischemic stroke were enrolled in the study, 36 clinically healthy donors served as a control. The levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiostatins (AS) were evaluated by western blot analysis in the serum. The levels of active matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were analysed by gelatin zymography. Elevated levels of iNOS were shown in patients with all AF forms as compared with control, but iNOS levels in post-ischemic patients were significantly higher than that in paroxysmal AF individuals. However, the levels of VEGF and AS did not differ from the baseline value in patients with paroxysmal AF, while dramatic increase of their contents was shown in post-stroke patients with persistent and permanent types of AF. Elevated active MMP-9 levels were shown to be associated with the diagnosis of all AF forms, regardless of the occurrence of stroke. Taken together, our findings­ demonstrate that tested proteins can be considered as valuable biomarkers of AF forms transformation and potentially useful for ischemic stroke risk stratification in patients with AF and CHF. Observed changes in regulatory protein levels may expand our understanding of pathological roles of endothelial function dysregulation, disrupted angiogenesis balance and abnormal tissue remodeling in AF and associated ischemic events. Keywords: angiostatins, atrial fibrillation, biomarkers, iNOS, ischemic stroke, MMP-9, VEGF
Effect of metal nanoparticles usage on oxidative stress indicators and endotoxemia parameters under DMH-induced carcinogenesis
Authors:   Department of Histology and Embryology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Kramar S. B. , Andriichuk I. Ya. ,   Central Research Laboratory, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine;, Ohinska N. V. ,   Department of Histology and Embryology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine;, Soroka Yu. V. , ,   Department of Anaestesiology and Intensive Care, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine;, Nebesna Z. M. ,   Department of Histology and Embryology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine;, Dybkova S. M. ,   F.D. Ovcharenko Institute of Biocolloidal Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;, Rieznichenko L. S. ,   F.D. Ovcharenko Institute of Biocolloidal Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;, Lisnychuk N. Ye. ,   Central Research Laboratory, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine;
Published: April 2024

One of the properties of nanoparticles is their ability to correct manifestations of oxidative stress and endotoxemia, which are critical factors in cancer development. Therefore, the work aimed to investigate the effect of the usage of Au/Ag/Fe nanoparticles on oxidative stress indicators and endotoxemia parameters in experimental colon carcinogenesis. The study was performed on 90 white male rats kept in standard vivarium conditions. The division into groups: I – intact animals; II – intact animals with 21 days NPs administration; III – animals injected with N,N-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride for 30 weeks; ІV – animals to which Au/Ag/Fe nanoparticles were intragastrically administered daily for 21 days after induced adenocarcinoma. According­ to our results, the concentration of oxidative stress indicators significantly increases under DMH-induced carcinogenesis conditions. It was established that the 21-day intragastric administration of NP Au/Ag/Fe composition caused a significant (P < 0.001) decrease in the concentration of TBARS in the blood serum by 1.33 times, in the content of diene and triene conjugates by 1.63 and 1.98 times, respectively compared to the third experimental group. The introduction of NPs in the fourth experimental group reduces the concentration of the Schiff bases by 1.34 times (P < 0.001), decreases the content of POMP370 and POMP430 by 1.25 (P < 0.001) and 1.37 times (P < 0.001), respectively, compared to the third experimental group. We also observed the reduction of endotoxemia levels in a fourth experimental animal group based on a significant decrease in MMM indexis and EII percentage. Keywords: Au/Ag/Fe nanoparticles, endotoxemia, induced colon carcinogenesis, N‚N-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride, oxidative stress
Diet-induced and age-related changes in rats: the impact of N-stearoylethanolamine intake on plasma lipoproteins, adiponectin, and adipocyte cholesterol-phospholipid composition
Authors:   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tkachenko O. S. , Kosiakova H. V. ,   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine;
Published: April 2024

Adiponectin is secreted by adipose tissue, associated with lipoprotein (LP) metabolism, down-regulated­ in insulin resistance states, and reduced in individuals suffering from obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Phospholipids and cholesterol are the main components of cell membranes and play a critical role in storage and secretory adipocyte functions. N-stearoylethanolamine (NSE) is a minor lipid affecting cell membrane lipids’ composition. Our study aimed to investigate plasma levels of adiponectin and cholesterol of low- and high-density LP (LDL and HDL) and adipocyte cholesterol-phospholipid (Chol-PL) composition of different age rats with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and insulin resistance and their changes under NSE administration. Our study demonstrated that chronic dietary fat overloading leads to obesity accompanied by impairment of glucose tolerance, a manifestation of dyslipidemia, and changes in plasma adiponectin levels in rats from two age groups (10-month-old and and 24-month-old). Prolonged HFD led to a reduction in plasma adiponectin levels and the growth of adipocyte cholesterol content in rats of different ages. A significant increase in plasma LDL-Chol level and main adipocyte PLs (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin, and lysophosphatidylcholine) was observed in younger rats, whereas not detected in elder animals after dietary fats overloading. The decrease in the content of anionic phospholipids (phosphatidylinositol + phosphatidylserine) was also detected in 10-month-old HFD rats compared to the control animals. NSE administration positively affected the normalization of adiponectin levels in both age HFD groups. It significantly impacted the reduction of LDL-Chol levels and the growth of HDL-Chol concentration in the blood plasma of 10-month-old rats as well as PL-composition of young HFD rats and anionic PL restoring in 24-month-old rats. The positive effect on investigated parameters makes NSE a prospective agent for treating diet-induced and age-related metabolic disorders threatening cardiovascular diseases. Keywords: adiponectin, adipose tissue, aging, cholesterol, dyslipidemia, lipoproteins, N-stearoylethanolamine, phospholipids
Adaptative comfort modeling for a typical non-centrifugal cane sugar processing facility
Authors: Cortés-Tovar Giovanni Andrés , Osorio-Hernández Robinson , Osorio-Saráz Jairo Alexander
Published: April 2024

The production of non-centrifuged cane sugar in Colombia takes place in post-harvest facilities that generate significant heat and steam resulting from the evaporation of cane juices during the process. This study aimed to improve the comfort conditions of a facility of this type in the municipality of Pacho, Cundinamarca, Colombia, through bioclimatic simulation, where the enclosure on the walls and the lantern window were modified. The evaluation of adaptative thermal comfort revealed that configurations with open perimeter and lantern window demonstrated the best bioclimatic behavior. This is attributed to the increased ventilation area and chimney effect, which optimizes the transfer of heat and mass. Likewise, it was observed that there is a generalized behavior of thermal discomfort for workers in the thermal zone of the oven, due to the high emissions of heat and steam in this specific area.
Nanocompósito basado en microesferas de quitosano/CF/CN como promisorio inactivador de Escherichia coli
Authors: Corzo Lucioni Alberto , Alarcón Cavero Hugo , Montes de Oca Ávalos Juan , Saire Saire Samuel , Canchari Chacón Silvia , Changanaqui Barrientos Katherina , Revollar Casas Katherine
Published: April 2024

La presente investigación plantea la producción de un material compuesto basado en las nanohojas de nitruro de carbono grafítico (g-CN) recubiertas con nanopartículas de ferrita de cobalto, CoFe2O4 (CF), y embebidas en quitosano entrecruzado, con la finalidad de aplicarlo en procesos de inactivación fotocatalítica de cuerpos de agua contaminados con bacterias, así como en la degradación oxidativa de ibuprofeno, utilizando una fuente de radiación de 400 nm y 10 W.
El g-CN fue obtenido por descomposición térmica de melamina o urea y la CF a partir de FeCl2.4H2O y Co(NO3)2.6H2O en medio alcalino y en presencia de g-CN. El material obtenido fue dispersado en solución acética de quitosano y se formaron perlas por goteo sobre solución de NaOH 2M. Los materiales sintetizados fueron caracterizados por difracción de Rayos X (DRX), espectroscopía infrarroja con transformada de Fourier (FTIR) y microscopía electrónica de barrido por emisión de campo (FESEM).
El compósito final (quitosano/1CF5g-CN_m) alcanzó un valor cercano al 51% de eficiencia de degradación fotocatalítica oxidativa de ibuprofeno en solución acuosa. En cuanto a las pruebas de inactivación bacteriana de Escherichia coli, se alcanzó una disminución de hasta dos órdenes de magnitud, correspondiente a un 21% al final del proceso fotocatalítico.
The affordances of language choice in negotiation of oral peer feedback on L2 writing
Authors: Carhill-Poza Avary , Tian Lili , Rubio Jesse
Published: April 2024

Peer feedback has long been an essential part of a process approach to writing in university EFL classrooms. This study examines how the affordances of peer feedback are shaped by students’ language choice. We interviewed 27 Chinese university students in an English writing course about their experiences giving and receiving oral peer feedback on an initial and revised draft of an essay. Semi-structured interviews were analyzed thematically and triangulated with stimulated recall, transcripts of peer review discussions, and content analyses of learners’ incorporation of feedback across essay drafts to better understand perceptions and actions following from language choice during oral peer review of their L2 writing. Findings show that students incorporated 56 percent of oral peer feedback instances when revising, and almost all of these occurred in students’ first language, Chinese. Participants described the L1 affordances of clarity, efficiency, and pragmatics as important considerations when giving oral feedback on peer writing. Through triangulation of oral peer feedback discussions, change across essay drafts, and student interviews, language choice is shown to be a supportive practice for L2 writers in oral peer feedback. In contrast to previous research that suggests that the L1 is used primarily for solving problems and less frequently for discussion of content, our findings show that students chose to use their L1 for peer review because of the perceived support offered for improving their writing – namely, clarity, efficiency, and pragmatics.