bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perioperative prevention of thrombohemorrhagic complications in patients with calculous cholecystitis and obstructive jaundice
Authors: Fedorov V. E. , Kharitonov B. S. , Aslanov A. D. , Logvina O. E.
Published: May 2022

The OBJECTIVE was to improve the effectiveness of prevention of thrombohemorrhagic disorders in patients with calculous cholecystitis and obstructive jaundice.

METHODS AND MATERIALS. The clinic examined 537 patients operated on for obstructive jaundice. From 2010 to 2015, the prevention of thrombohemorrhagic complications consisted in the determination of risk factors, elastic compression of the lower extremities and the appointment of anticoagulants (1st comparative group). Since 2015, all medical measures have also been carried out taking into account the stages of obstructive jaundice (2nd study group).

RESULTS. When comparing the results, the number of subhepatic abscessed hematomas decreased from 4 (1.6 %) patients in the first group to 2 (0.8 %) in the second, the number of gastric bleedings-from 6 (2.4 %) to 3 (1.2 %), metrorrhagia – from 3 (1.2 %) to 1 (0.4 %), pancreatic necrosis – from 8 (3.2 %) to 5 (1.9 %), pulmonary embolism – from 7 (2.8 %) to 5 (2.0 %), the number of strokes and transient disorders of cerebral circulation – from 5 (2.0 %) to 3 (1.2 %), the number of cardiac arrhythmias in the form of atrial fibrillation-from 3 (1.2 %) to 2 (0.8 %). The incidence of myocardial infarction decreased from 5 (2.0 %) patients to 3 (1.2 %), and the incidence of mesenteric vascular thrombosis decreased from 3 (1.2 %) to 1 (0.4 %). In group 1, 2 (0.8 %) patients had hemobilia.

CONCLUSION. In addition to protocols and standards, the prevention of thrombohemorrhagic complications should take into account the stages of obstructive jaundice. During the period of cholestasis, the prevention of thrombohemorrhagic complications should be used in the same volume as in the absence of jaundice. In hepatocytolysis, it should be performed using the CHA2DS2-VASc scale with the HEMORR2HAGESscale as a safety net. In cholangitis, on the contrary, the main role is assigned to the HEMORR2HAGESscale.
Molecular-genetic substantiation of combined therapy in the early postoperative period in diffuse peritonitis
Authors: Vlasov A. P. , Al-Kubaisi Sh. S. , Vlasova T. I. , Salakhov Y. K. , Myshkina N. A. , Romanov D. A. , Ali-Fuad F. A. , Al-Anbari S. T.
Published: May 2022

The OBJECTIVE was to give a molecular genetic foundation of combination therapy in the early postoperative period for peritonitis.

METHODS AND MATERIALS. 70 patients with diffuse peritonitis were studied: the first (n=35) – patients underwent basic treatment, the second (n=35) – combined treatment with the inclusion of Remaxol and laser irradiation. The severity of endotoxemia and oxidative stress, the state of the hemostasis system and the functional status of the liver were determined. Molecular genotyping of the following genes was performed: beta subunits of platelet fibrinogen receptor (T1565C, ITGB3), fibrinogen (G(-455)A, FGB), catalase (-262C/T, CAT), superoxide dismutase (C47T, SOD2).

RESULTS. It was found that the early postoperative period in patients with peritonitis is accompanied by endotoxemia, oxidative stress, impaired functional status of the liver, hypercoagulation and hypofibrinolysis. In patients with conditionally «mutant» genotypes of the studied genes, peritonitis is more severe, the severity of changes in the studied indicators of homeostasis is greater. At the same time, the effectiveness of therapy decreased, the number of complications increased, and the stay of patients in the hospital increased. The early inclusion of Remaxol and laser radiation in basic therapy increases the overall effectiveness of treatment: the severity of endotoxemia and oxidative stress decreases, the functional state of the liver and hemostasis system is restored relatively quickly, and as a result, an improvement in clinical results has been registered (a 37.5 % decrease in the frequency of complications (χ2=3.360, p=0.047) and a reduction in the length of stay of patients in the hospital by 16.6 % (p<0.05)).

CONCLUSION. The inclusion of Remaxol and laser therapy in the early postoperative period in the treatment regimen of patients with peritonitis makes it possible to influence pathogenetically important links of the disease relatively quickly, which improves treatment results. This type of therapy is particularly effective in patients with polymorphic genotypes T1565C and C1565C of the ITGB3 gene.
Peculiarities of nasogastric and nasojejunal feeding during the early period of acute severe pancreatitis
Authors: Sivkov O. G. , Sivkov A. O. , Popov I. B. , Zaitsev E. U.
Published: May 2022

The OBJECTIVE of the study was to identify factors independently influencing intolerance to early enteral feeding via a nasogastric and nasojejunal tube in patients during the early phase of severe acute pancreatitis.

METHODS AND MATERIALS. An open, randomized, controlled, cohort study was carried out. Out of 64 patients with predictors of severe acute pancreatitis, a cohort with severe form was isolated, in which 16 patients received nasogastric and 15 patients – nasojejunal feeding. The enteral feeding intolerance criteria were: discharge via the nasogastric tube >500ml at a time or >500ml/day compared to total enteral feeding administered during 24 hours, intensified pain syndrome, abdominal distension, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. Indicators featuring prognostic significance were identified using the logistic regression technique. The null hypothesis was rejected at p<0.05.

RESULTS. The presented findings demonstrate that a more severe multiple organ failure (SOFA – OR – 1.283, 95 % CI 1.029–1.6, p=0.027), the operative day (OR – 4.177, 95 % CI 1.542–11.313, p=0.005) increase while the nasojejunal route of nutrients delivery decreases (OR – 0.193, 95 % CI 0.08–0.4591, p≤0.001) the incidence of large residual stomach volumes. Postpyloric feeding reduces the risk of developing pain syndrome (OR – 0.191, 95 % CI 0.088–0.413, p≤0.001), abdominal distension (OR – 0.420, 95 % CI 0.203–0.870, p=0.002), nausea and vomiting (OR – 0.160, 95 % CI 0.069–0.375, p≤0.001).

CONCLUSION. During severe acute pancreatitis, multiple organ dysfunction, the nasogastric route of enteral feeding delivery, and the fact of a surgery increase independently the risk of developing large residual stomach volumes. In case of severe acute pancreatitis, the nasogastric route of nutrients administration increases the development of such manifestations of enteral feeding intolerance as nausea, vomiting, pain intensification, and abdominal distension. In patients with severe acute pancreatitis, the nasoejunal route of administration of nutrients is preferable.
Academician Ivan Stepanovich Kolesnikov (1901–1985) (on the 120th anniversary of the birth)
Authors: Dzidzava I. I. , Kotiv B. N. , Kurygin A. A. , Iontsev V. I. , Barinov O. V. , Dmitrochenko I. V.
Published: May 2022

Received 25.02.2022; accepted 09.03.2022 An outstanding Soviet surgeon, one of the founders of military field surgery – participant in six wars, Hero of Socialist Labor (1976), academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences (1971), Honored Scientist of the RSFSR (1964), laureate of the Lenin Prize (1961) and the USSR State Prize (1985), Major General of the Medical Service (1953), Professor Ivan Stepanovich Kolesnikov was born on December 2 (15), 1901 in the village of Podosinovka, Novokhopersky District, Voronezh Province. In 1931, he graduated from the Military Medical Academy, in 1932 he entered the adjunct course at the Department of Hospital Surgery of the Military Medical Academy headed by Professor S. P. Fedorov, and in 1936, defended his PhD thesis «Transfusion of conserved blood». During the Great Patriotic War, he held the positions of army surgeon and chief surgeon of the Karelian Front. Together with P. A. Kupriyanov, in the period from 1946 to 1955, he published the «Atlas of Gunshot Wounds» in 10 volumes. In 1946, he defended his doctoral dissertation on the topic: «Removal of foreign bodies from the pleural cavity, pleural junctions and indurations, lungs and mediastinum». In 1953, I.S. Kolesnikov was appointed head of the Department and Clinic of Hospital Surgery of the Military Medical Academy, since 1976 – professor-consultant of the Academy. He was the author and co-author of more than 170 scientific papers, including 25 monographs, manuals and textbooks. Under his leadership, 26 doctoral and 43 candidate dissertations were prepared and defended. I.S. Kolesnikov is rightfully recognized as the founder of the national scientific school of thoracic surgery and one of the world luminaries of military field surgery. Academician Ivan Stepanovich Kolesnikov died on May 18, 1985 and was buried at the academic site of the Theological Cemetery in Saint Petersburg.
Demographic indicators of reproduction of human potential of the agricultural sector
Authors: EFIMOVA Larisa A.
Published: May 2022

Subject. The article addresses the reproduction of human potential and transition to a human-oriented model of economic development.
Objectives. The aim is to analyze demographic indicators of reproduction of human potential of the agricultural sector of economy.
Methods. To coordinate demographic indicators, consider their interrelation and interdependence, I suggest using the indicative approach to their study.
Results. The changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the reproduction of human potential. The choice of options for the reproduction of human potential of the agricultural sector is limited, and the "demographic" vector is fundamental. It is determined by quantitative indicators of reproduction of the population that forms the human potential of the industry. I performed an analysis of demographic indicators in dynamics and defined a set of measures for the reproduction of human potential of the agricultural sector.
Conclusions. An integrated approach to the study of absolute and relative demographic indicators will enable managerial decisions on the reproduction of human potential in the industry. The considered indicators are a basis of human potential development program for the agricultural sector.
Forecasting changes in consumer behavior in conditions of economic crisis
Authors: RATNER Svetlana V. , SHAPOSHNIKOV Artem M.
Published: May 2022

Subject. The article addresses the issue of forecasting changes in consumer behavior patterns in the medium and long term.
Objectives. The focus is on consumer behavior prediction to identify potential growth points for small and medium-sized businesses in the field of trade and services.
Methods. The methodological basis of the study is behavioral economics. The information base draws on analytical reports of Cerulli Associates, Profi Online Research, PricewaterhouseCoopers, Euromonitor International, and Ipsos research company, which developed and uses in its analysis a calculation methodology for the Global Consumer Confidence Index.
Results. We analyzed the main trends of consumer behavior in 2022 in Russia in the context of tougher sanctions, global supply disruptions, and other crisis phenomena, from the perspective of existing knowledge about sustainable forms of Russian consumers’ reaction to crisis events in the economy. The paper highlights a decrease in loyalty to brands, expansion of online commerce to people over the age of 60, reduced demand for eco-products, and enhanced financial literacy, which is accompanied by an increase in demands for a fair price-quality ratio, as the key changes in consumer behavior that determine opportunities for businesses.
Conclusions. Crises seriously affect the time frames of consumer planning. During the crisis, the time frames are reduced and blurred, and now consumers proceed from even greater uncertainty.
Analyzing the impact of mergers and acquisitions on the profitability of seller company shares in the oil and gas industry of Russia
Authors: KOROLEVA Ekaterina V. , OSYKA Polina V. , SHAKHOV Vladlen N.
Published: May 2022

Subject. We investigate the behavior of profitability of seller's shares in relation to key accompanying events in mergers and acquisitions in the Russian oil and gas industry.
Objectives. The aim is to determine the nature of the impact of dates of merger or acquisition announcement and completion on the profitability of shares of a Russian oil and gas company acting as a seller.
Methods. The study rests on the analysis of mergers and acquisitions, using the event study methods.
Results. The paper shows that announcement and execution of a merger or acquisition transaction positively affect the profitability of seller’s shares in the oil and gas sector of Russia. We constructed models that indicate an increase in the profitability of seller companies relative to projected profitability without a merger or acquisition transaction.
Conclusions. The findings are of practical significance and can be taken into account by financial managers when planning mergers and acquisitions and forecasting their impact on stock returns. Stock market participants may also value the obtained data.
China's BSN Blockchain Network as a national advanced infrastructure
Authors: UMAROV Hasan S. , UMAROV Husan S. , UMAROV Tokhir S.
Published: May 2022

Subject. This article discusses the issues related to China's Blockchain Service Network (BSN) national initiative.
Objectives. The article aims to consider the BSN Development Alliance mission to implement the BSN infrastructure initiative and assess the prospects of this implementation to solve present-time urgent problems.
Methods. For the study, we used analysis and systematization.
Results. Based on the materials of scientific conferences and foreign consulting agencies' and technical documents analytical and statistical data, the article presents certain results of the analysis of the BSN national infrastructure implementation and some problematic issues hampering this process in China.
Conclusions. The prospects for the implementation of a long-term global BSN project in China, as well as in other countries, the importance of the Chinese government's activities in the legislative regulation of the BSN blockchain infrastructure and the implementation of long-term perspective projects China Standards 2035 and Smart City deserve great attention.
Banking ecosystem as a customer-oriented business model in the context of digitalization
Authors: DUBININ Sergei K. , TELICHKO Lyudmila E.
Published: May 2022

Subject. A customer-oriented business model chosen by leading Russian banks is implemented through digitalization of financial services. Increased competition spurred the creation of ecosystems based on banking groups. Banks are actively using a variety of innovative financial and technological instruments, i.e. FinTech methods, to improve competitiveness. Digital ecosystems are shaping the newest version of banking business models. The article addresses this dynamic process. Objectives. We analyze factors that encourage banking institutions to build ecosystems, and show methods for building banking ecosystems based on open and closed information platforms. Methods. The documentation and validity of data are ensured by the extensive use of official statistical sources, analysis of scientific publications by highly qualified Russian and foreign specialists. The paper employs a complex approach to the development of the concept of a customer-oriented banking business model. Results. The article examines modern trends in the evolution of the Russian banking sector in conditions of digitalization. Over the past two decades, banks and other financial institutions have been looking for ways to improve the sustainability of their operations. Commercial banks are changing their business model. Currently, they act as centers of financial conglomerates, corresponding banking groups and holdings. The leading Russian banks have chosen a customer-oriented business model. Conclusions. A customer-oriented business model in the form of a banking ecosystem opens up the opportunity for increasing the stability and profitability of operators in the credit and securities markets.
An approach to building a financial model for the purposes of planning resource products of the corporate segment in commercial banks
Authors: GASANOVA Marina R.
Published: May 2022

Subject. The paper considers planning of resource products in the corporate business segment of a commercial bank.
Objectives. The aim is to develop a model for planning financial results generated by attracted time deposit accounts and demand accounts of the corporate business segment in a commercial bank.
Methods. I employ mathematical, statistical, and econometric methods and applied programming methods (SARIMA model for planning the profile of resource products of corporate clients, taking into account seasonality; the Ward's method for clustering corporate clients to create a pattern of financial behavior; SQL language for building uniquely designed models of resource product planning).
Results. I identified the main drivers, algorithms and pricing principles of resource products. On their basis, I developed my own models for planning financial results from attracting time deposit accounts and demand accounts of the corporate business segment in a commercial bank. The uniquely designed planning models were tested on the basis of the medium-sized corporate business segment of one of the largest Russian commercial banks.
Conclusions. The use of proprietary models enables to increase the accuracy of financial planning. The definition of a corporate client as the main driver contributes to the construction of a customer-oriented corporate customer service system, develops an incentive system, and allows to create additional incentives to increase cross-sales of banking products.
Leasing vs rental activity: Interdisciplinary aspects and a systems approach to the definition
Authors: NIKOLAEVSKII Vladimir V.
Published: May 2022

Subject. The article addresses leasing activity considered from interdisciplinary positions: economics, law, finance.
Objectives. The aim is to develop modern views and approaches to the definition and analysis of leasing and rental activities.
Methods. The study rests on principles and methods of systems analysis.
Results. I offered new approaches to consideration and systematization of fundamental differences in leasing and rental activities, developed an overall integrated model of leasing activity, enabling to present it from economic, legal, and financial position as a set of functional subjects of leasing activity and infrastructure elements in the form of financial instruments and a legislative framework. The proposed model of leasing activity is focused on analytical description of functioning and formation of digital leasing platforms, with the possibility to use artificial intelligence systems or its elements.
Conclusions. The identified and systematized differences in leasing and rental activities are focused on creating a mechanism to stimulate the modernization of the national economy. The offered systems approach to the formation of a model of leasing activity is geared to the possibility of using digital financial instruments, including artificial intelligence. The proposed model forms a new way of economic thinking and understanding of the essence of leasing and rental activities. This approach to the theory of organization of leasing activities is quite new for specialists in the financial and banking sector, and has positive development trends.
Mary Elmes, Design and Construction of an urban pedestrian bridge over river Lee in Cork City Centre. From competition to opening
Authors: Sánchez Marcos , Roberts Simon , Ryan Robert
Published: May 2022

Mary Elmes Bridge is a 66m single span Pedestrian and Cyclist bridge opening in Cork, Ireland in July 2019. In September 2016, Cork City Council launched a competition for a single span – no supports in the river were allowed- pedestrian crossing over the River Lee between the historic bridges of St. Patrick’s (a stone arch form 1860’s) and Brian Boru (a former rolling bascule from 1920). The competition was launched as part of Cork City Councils key objective to encourage greater sustainable travel in the form of walking and cycling within the city Centre.

Constrained by heavy trafficked quay roads, the design of a single span 66m crossing was a real challenge when taking into account that the flooding level for the 200years return is 400mm higher than the existing footpaths. The winning solution is a slender, steel shallow through beam with a slight arching effect. The main span is fully integral with the abutments with the central steel box girder and variable width cantilevered walkways joining at both landing points to a stiff concrete piled foundations. The concept adopts a clever strategy to integrate at grade landings with existing footpath levels while making the structure compatible with future city flood defenses. The use of the pedestrian walkway as a flange in the longitudinal direction allows the structure to achieve a significant slenderness.

This proposal establishes a connective dialogue with its surrounds and compliant with challenging flooding and visual requirements.
Legarreta Bridge Pedestrian Enlargement in Villabona
Authors: Guisasola Mario
Published: May 2022

The expansion of the Legarreta bridge located in Villabona is a lightweight work and consists of attaching a weathering steel steel structure to each edge of the deck in order to extend the original width for allowing the uses for cyclist and pedestrians. The main feature of the work is its steel “V” piles, which allow the structure's span to be shortened, thus achieving a stylized appearance. The expansion of the bridge platform allows its functionality to be expanded: before it was a road-use bridge, and now it is highly appreciated by pedestrians and cyclists. A small operation has greatly improved the appearance of the bridge, improves its durability and extends its life. An ordinary structure used only by vehicles becomes a bridge appreciated by society thanks to its elegant appearance and its new cycling and pedestrian use.
Campus Bridge Heilbronn
Authors: Fischer Rico , Rodriguez Izquierdo Víctor , Ludescher Guido , Hajdu Robert
Published: May 2022

The Campus Bridge establishes the link between the east and west parts of the new University Campus in Heilbronn, which is divided by the railway. The integral bridge structure, without sliding bridge bearings, is realized by a cable-stayed bridge system with a total length of 122 m. The main span at the rail tracks reaches a distance of 77 m. The bridge, which is curved in plan, reaches a necessary height of 9 meters at the crossing of the railway tracks. It is accessible at both sides by stairways and also by glazed elevator towers. The bridge girder is completely integrated into the stairways. It is formed by a double-compartment steel box girder with a high torsional stiffness. In the area of the railways, the bridge is suspended from an inclined mast with a total height of 31 m by five stay cables. The bridge deck is executed as an orthotropic steel plate with a thin layer coating. Micropiles are used as a deep foundation.

The need for an extremely short assembly period and the limitations in the location of the foundation of the mast were a complex task for the engineering team
Who carries the can and who gets off the hook
Authors: Bednarski Cezary M.
Published: May 2022

This paper follows the author’s address at Footbridge 2017 in Berlin, and his contribution to the Henderson Colloquium held by the UK chapter of IABSE in July 2019 at Cambridge University under the heading ‘How can structural engineering be an unending stream of goodness’.

By way of this paper the author would like to contribute to the discussion on the relationship between the procurement process, starting from competitions, initial design, through detailed design, and construction to completion, and the quality of outcomes in terms of value for money, lifetime cost, and cultural, social, environmental and ephemeral values.

A competition winning design involving a footbridge in Gdansk, formally opened in September 2020, serves as an example of how the process and the outcome of such project could be derailed by the client’s and the authorities’ actions, or prevarication, and lack of transparency.
Saloma Link Footbridge – the Kuala Lumpur Iconic Footbridge
Authors: Chew Khai Seng , Choong Kok Keong , Wong Chern Phern , Abdullah Mohd Zaki
Published: May 2022

This paper aims to provide an overview of the Saloma Link footbridge which includes the inception of the project, design, planning, construction and its impact as an integral part of the Kampong Bharu community. As part of the Malaysian’s government effort to redevelop the 121-year old Kampong Bharu village into a Malay Heritage Park, the Saloma Link Footbridge forms part of the key master plan that serves to increase accessability for pedestrians to travel to and from Kampong Bharu. With designs inspired by the traditional Malay custom of ‘Sirih Junjung’, this 69m footbridge was open to the public after 18 months of construction works. The commissioning of the Saloma Link footbridge has boosted pedestrian traffic flow into Kampong Bharu which in turn produced positive impact on local businesses as well as social integration with city dwellers in Kuala Lumpur City Centre (KLCC).
Montefiore Footbridge
Authors: Corbara Delio , Manfron Odine
Published: May 2022

In the expansion project of the "Montefiore" shopping center in Cesena {Italy) there is also a new footbridge that connects the entrance of the new building with the current outdoor parking.

Both the morphological shape and its particular location within the new shopping center are particularly interesting since this footbridge is functional and efficient in the flow of people who attend this place.

The structural system that makes up this connective organism is characterized by a serial aggregation of elements, which in their compositional definition give a strong organicity to the repetitive sequence of forms that the organism is made up, all identical to each other. Organicity that is strongly accentuated by the particular aggregative spatiality of the set of plates and nodes, inclined to each other and in space, compared to an elementary and slavish linear succession of elements perpendicular to each other. A further element of "visual strength" of the construction system consists of bolting, compared to a more anonymous welding; that is for all the elements that contribute to the realization of the structural nodes in correspondence with the interpenetration fittings between the different morphologies of the plates.

The main structural system is superimposed by a collaborating floor consisting of a partially permeable-to­ light grating that, by filtering on the underlying elements, contributes to the perception of the organism in its entire development as composed of a diversified set of "chiaroscuro" that enhances the complexity of the aggregative design of the forms.
Bringing Life to Existing Bridges and Providing New Connections
Authors: MacDonald Donald , Birkhauser Eric , Line Steve
Published: May 2022

This paper serves to introduce North America’s unique climate as a lens for rethinking quality pedestrian and bicycle connections in association with major existing or new vehicular bridges.
Chiswick Park Footbrigde – Importance of Bridge Design in Urban Environment
Authors: Robin Clotilde , Ramsden Catherine , Oates George
Published: May 2022

Chiswick Park Footbridge is an elegant three-span network arch structure providing an important new pedestrian link between Chiswick Business Park and the surrounding community and transport links. The bridge is fully accessible to all and spans a roadway, car park, rail line and the peak of the Gunnersbury Triangle Nature Reserve, providing a safe and engaging route instead of the previous lengthy mixture of urban obstacles. The article explains how this context and a strong collaborative approach between architects and designers informed the design and material choice which were driven by pedestrian experience, quality, maximum efficiency and minimal maintenance; the latter being critical in the public realm and when crossing live railways. Engineering innovation was at the heart of the scheme and was evident in the final design, the means of fabrication and the assembly on site. The result is a stunning piece of public realm, ensuring a strong continuous link through the landscape and into the community beyond.
When is a Footbridge not a Footbridge?
Authors: Brownlie Keith
Published: May 2022

When is a footbridge not a footbridge; when it is attached to a highway?

Footbridges account for only a fraction of pedestrian-accessible bridges, with footpaths and lanes for other non-motorised users (NMUs) providing a major but widely under recognised sub-set of the footbridge type.

With emmissions control and carbon ethics the most pressing issues of our age, the era of the highway only bridge is gone and the provision of ‘sidewalks’ is no longer a question of relunctantly conceded extra width.

The paper examines the culture and context of NMU paths on vehicular bridges and the range of specific design opportunities they afford. Since vehicle bridges often greatly exceed the typical length of a footbridge the designer must account for long pedestrian jouneys and, commonly, the provision of rest spaces. The overlooked subject of the overlook is discussed as part of a broad analysis of the pedestrian realm on vehicular bridges, making the case for their inclusion in the footbridge canon.
Footbridge to the Oscar Niemeyer International Art Centre
Authors: Escrivá Peyró Raúl
Published: May 2022

Among the different human paths, always accompanied by concerns and doubts, after a series of preceding projects, the Niemeyer footbridge emerges, tracing an experimental path. Formal purity, purity of materials, perfection of detail and the prefabrication of elements are the beginning at the bridge at the Public University of Navarre, continues one step further at the Aranzadi footbridge, in its expression of respect for the natural environment, up to the San Jorge footbridge and its fluid and free outline materialised in tubular Corten steel profiles. At the end of this path, the Niemeyer footbridge, overturns the emotion both in the spatial resolution of the surroundings and in the object itself. The history of the place is the basis, where the challenge has to fase both the integration of a marginal space in the city, and its fusion with the Oscar Niemeyer Cultural Centre. Within this main challenge, the promenades of the estuary into the city are incorporated, and the footbridge generates an elevated walkway with different viewpoints overlooking the city and the Niemeyer Centre. To meet this challenge, the footbridge was designed as a slender symmetrical steel portico, conditioned by tracing the minimum route necessary to cross the train tracks, ochre in colour and integrated with the façades and roofs without blurring them, which the city's inhabitants christened THE STAPLE.
Two Modern Crossings in Historic Canadian Sites: Creating "Places for People"?
Authors: Langridge Mark
Published: May 2022

One of the most challenging design problems of our time is how to achieve an appropriate aesthetic expression for a new bridge intervention in an important historic context, and also make it into an inviting public space. Mark Langridge has led the architectural and aesthetic design of many high profile bridge crossings in Canadian heritage settings over the past twenty years that attempt to achieve this balance.

This paper looks at two recent completed projects in important historic places, Flora Footbridge in Ottawa and Garrison Crossing in Toronto, and describes how the designs attempt to become successful “places for people”. It includes conceptual renderings and post-completion photos, showing how people are now using the crossings through Canada’s varied seasons.

In both cases it was imperative that the new structure respect and not overwhelm the character of the heritage place, yet it was also very important that it be an expression of its own time. The concept of minimal intervention is critical in this context – the heritage character-defining elements should retain visual dominance within the setting, with new interventions presenting a secondary, understated visual expression that does not diminish the original historic character, and over time, should ideally enhance it.
Incidence, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes of retinopathy of prematurity: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Hadlaq Abdulaziz
Published: May 2022

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is one of the primary causes of infant blindness worldwide. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of ROP among neonates admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and analyze the clinical characteristics, therapeutic outcomes, and associated factors.
Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included 1,551 premature babies admitted to the NICU and screened for ROP at a tertiary hospital in Central Saudi Arabia from January to August 2021. Clinical charts were reviewed to collect data on gestational age (GA) at birth, birth weight, GA at diagnosis, age at diagnosis, sex, ROP laterality, severity assessment (stage, zone, and plus), treatment procedures and number of sessions, and outcomes (regression or stationary).
Results: The ROP incidence was 8.7% (male ratio, 0.85). The monthly incidence showed a small peak in spring and a higher peak in summer. Among all patients with ROP, 10.8% required treatment. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection was administered in 85% of the pooled treatment and retreatment sessions, yielding a 66.7% success rate, while laser therapy, which was administered in the remaining 15% of the sessions, resulted in a 100% success rate. The treatment efficacy was relatively lower in more severe cases, although this trend showed no statistical significance.
Conclusion: Nationwide studies should be conducted to understand the incidence and risk factors of ROP which are essential to design evidence-based screening criteria specific to the local population and to implement evidence-based guidelines for the management of ROP, notably for the selection of the best therapeutic approach.
Prevalence and predictors of uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus in primary healthcare centers in Taif
Authors: Alwagdani Hajer , Albariqi Abdullah , Algethami Abdullah , Alsumairi Nourah
Published: May 2022

Background: Chronic complications of uncontrolled diabetes include microvascular issues, such as nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy, and macrovascular complications, such as coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, stroke, diabetic encephalopathy, and diabetic foot.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of uncontrolled diabetes and its levels and to determine its contributing factors among diabetes mellitus (DM) patients in Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among type 2 diabetic patients who were followed up at primary healthcare centers (PHCCs), under the Ministry of Health, in Taif city in the western province of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using a formal interview questionnaire consisting of three sections: demographic data, clinical and laboratory data, and predictors of uncontrolled diabetes.
Results: The study included 277 type 2 diabetic patients. The prevalence of the uncontrolled disease was 42.2%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that using therapy for immunological disorders [odds ratio (confidence interval, "CI"): 1.23 (1.07-3.59), p-value = 0.042) and having a DM duration of more than 15 years [odds ratio (CI): 2.15 (1.99-4.58), p-value= 0.003] were risk factors for uncontrolled DM.
Conclusion: Most of type 2 diabetic patients who were followed up at PHCCs had uncontrolled DM. Therefore, organizing an educational program for diabetic patients regarding the importance of keeping glycemic control and factors that could affect it is warranted.
Pengaruh Harga, Promosi, dan Brand Ambassador yang Dimediasi oleh Citra Merek terhadap Keputusan Pembelian pada Situs Belanja Online Shopee
Authors: Fauziah Ibnaty , Tunjungsari Hetty Karunia
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine whether prices, promotions, and brand ambassadors mediated by brand image influence purchasing decisions on the Shopee online shopping site. Determination of the sample using probability. The research data use secondary data, with questionnaire distribution techniques. The data collected were 200 respondents and processed using Partial Least Square (SmartPLS 3.0). This research was tested using a validity test, reliability test, R-square, and hypothesis testing. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah harga, promosi, dan brand ambassador yang dimediasi citra merek memiliki pengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian pada situs belanja online Shopee. Penentuan sampel menggunakan probability sampling. Data penelitian menggunakan data sekunder, dengan teknik penyebaran kuesioner. Data yang terkumpul sebanyak 200 data responden dan diolah menggunakan Partial Least Square (Smart PLS 3.0). Penelitian ini diuji menggunakan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, R-square, dan uji hipotesis.
Pengaruh Brand Image, Brand Trust, dan Brand Communication terhadap Brand Loyalty Client Jasa Inspeksi Batu Bara PT Tribhakti Inspektama di Indonesia
Authors: Tanady Edi Sucipto , Firdausy Carunia Mulya
Published: May 2022

The objective of this study is to examine the influences of brand image, brand trust, and brand communication on the brand loyalty of PT Tribhakti Inspektama clients in Indonesia. The number of respondents sampled was 115 respondents. These respondents were sampled by using the nonprobability sampling technique. The instruments to collect the data were collected by using an online questionnaire. The Method to analyze the data was by using multiple regression analysis. The results showed that brand image, brand trust, and brand communication have positive and significant influences on the brand loyalty of the clients of PT Tribhakti Inspektama. Therefore, PT Tribhakti Inspektama needs to give particular attention to brand image, brand trust, and brand communication to create brand loyalty for the clients. This is important to improve the company’s strength to get repeat orders and reduce the company’s burden to find new clients. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh citra merek, kepercayaan merek, dan komunikasi merek terhadap loyalitas merek client PT Tribhakti Inspektama di Indonesia. Jumlah responden yang dijadikan sampel adalah 115 responden. Responden ini diambil sampelnya dengan menggunakan teknik nonprobability sampling. Instrumen untuk mengumpulkan data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner online. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa citra merek, kepercayaan merek, dan komunikasi merek berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas merek client PT Tribhakti Inspektama. Oleh karena itu, PT Tribhakti Inspektama perlu memberikan perhatian khusus pada citra merek, kepercayaan merek, dan komunikasi merek untuk menciptakan loyalitas merek dari client. Hal ini penting untuk meningkatkan kekuatan perusahaan untuk mendapatkan repeat order dan mengurangi beban perusahaan untuk mencari client baru.
Pengaruh Brand Awareness dan Brand Association terhadap Purchase Intention melalui Perceived Quality pada Laneige di Jakarta
Authors: Wijaya Jesica , Erdiansyah Rezi
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the relationship between Brand Awareness and Brand Association towards Purchase Intention through the Perceived Quality of Laneige in Jakarta. The problem that exists in this research is the rare skincare research, while many sources said that the sales of beauty products are increasing growth every year. This research uses causal dan descriptive methods. For collecting the sample and data, purposive sampling was used and successfully gathered 124 respondents. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and PLS were used to process the data and descriptive statistics were obtained using IBM SPSS. The results obtained from the research using SmartPLS 3.0 tools are exogenous variables give a positive influence on endogenous variables of research that is the influence of Brand Awareness and Brand Association towards Purchase Intention through Perceived Quality of Laneige in Jakarta. The ultimate goal of this research is so that companies can know the factors that must be upgraded from the Beauty Brand especially Laneige to be able to reach more consumers in Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melihat pengaruh Brand Awareness dan Brand Association terhadap Purchase Intention melalui Perceived Quality pada perusahaan kosmetik korea yaitu Laneige di Jakarta. Alasan utama penelitian ini dilakukan adalah dikarenakan penelitian tentang skincare dan kosmetik yang belum banyak diteliti serta menurut beberapa sumber, penjualan produk kecantikan meningkat setiap tahunnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan kausal. Dalam mengumpulkan data dan sampel, menggunakan purposive sampling dan berhasil mengumpulkan 124 responden melalui kuesioner yang dibagikan secara online melalui Google Form. Penelitian ini menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dan PLS untuk memproses data, serta menggunakan IBM SPSS untuk mengumpulkan statistik deskriptif. Hasil akhir yang didapat melalui penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh positif dari variabel endogen yang dipengaruhi oleh Brand Awareness dan Brand Association terhadap Purchase Intention melalui Perceived Quality pada Laneige di Jakarta. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah agar perusahaan dapat mengetahui faktor yang harus ditingkatkan dari merek produk kecantikan agar dapat menjangkau konsumen yang lebih banyak di Indonesia.
Pengaruh Struktur Modal, Profitabilitas, dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan pada Perusahaan Pertambangan Batu Bara yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2016-2019
Authors: Efriyanti Efriyanti , Widjaja Indra
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this research is to prove whether individually or simultaneously the independent variables (capital structure measured by Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), profitability measured by Return of Equity (ROE), and company value measured by Size) will have an impact on the dependent variable (company value). Through purposive sampling, 13 companies were found to have met the research criteria for a 4-year observation period from 2016 to 2019, and 52 observational data were obtained. Downloaded from the Indonesia Stock Exchange to obtain secondary data such as financial statements for all samples of companies. The data obtained were then calculated based on the formula for each variable and then reprocessed using the multiple linear regression test method along with the classical assumption test and at the end of the stage, the hypothesis was tested. The results of this research indicated that individually capital structure has a significant impact on company value with a significance value of 0.035, profitability also has a significant impact on company value with a significance value of 0.001, and company size is known to have no significant impact on company value with a significance value of 0.180 and simultaneously capital structure, profitability, and company size have a significant impact on company value with a significance value of 0.001. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk membuktikan apakah secara individual maupun secara simultan variabel independen (struktur modal yang diukur dengan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), profitabilitas yang diukur dengan Return of Equity (ROE) dan ukuran perusahaan yang diukur dengan Size) akan berdampak terhadap variabel dependen (nilai perusahaan). Melalui purposive sampling didapatkan sampel penelitian sebanyak 13 perusahaan yang dianggap telah memenuhi kriteria penelitan untuk periode 4 tahun observasi dari tahun 2016 sampai dengan tahun 2019 dan diperoleh data pengamatan sejumlah 52 data. Dilakukan pengunduhan dari Bursa Efek Indonesia untuk memperoleh data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan untuk semua perusahaan sampel. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dilakukan perhitungan berdasarkan formula untuk masing-masing variabel kemudian diolah kembali dengan metode uji regresi linier berganda beserta uji asumsi klasik dan pada akhir tahapan dilakukan uji hipotesis. Hasil dari penelitian ini memperlihatkan secara individual struktur modal berdampak signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,035, profitabilitas juga berdampak signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,001, ukuran perusahaan diketahui tidak berdampak signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,180 dan secara simultan struktur modal, profitabilitas dan ukuran perusahaan berdampak signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,001.
Pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan To Deposit Ratio (LDR), dan Non-Performing Loan (NPL) terhadap Profitabilitas Perusahaan Perbankan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Periode Tahun 2017-2019
Authors: Putri Novianti S. , Widjaja Indra
Published: May 2022

A bank is one of the intermediary institutions or intermediaries from parties who have excess funds to parties who need funds. Therefore, the bank is one of the sectors that has a very important role in the stability and growth of the economy as a whole. To assess the performance of banking companies can be measured using ratios including Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), and Non-Performing Loan (NPL). The purpose of this research is to know and analyze the impact of CAR, LDR, and NPL, partially and simultaneously on profitability at all banking companies (conventional and sharia) that are listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange from the period 2017 to 2019. The research was conducted using samples from 41 banking companies. The samples were determined by the purposive sampling method. The results showed: 1) simultaneously tested that CAR, LDR, and NPL have a significant effect on profitability; 2) partially LDR and NPL have a significant effect on profitability, while CAR has no significant effect on profitability. Bank merupakan salah satu lembaga intermediasi atau perantara dari pihak yang memiliki kelebihan dana dengan pihak yang membutuhkan dana. Oleh karena itu, bank merupakan salah satu sektor yang memiliki peran yang sangat penting untuk stabilitas dan pertumbuhan perekonomian secara keseluruhan. Untuk menilai kinerja perusahaan perbankan, dapat diukur dengan menggunakan rasio diantaranya Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), dan Non-Performing Loan (NPL). Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh CAR, LDR, dan NPL, secara parsial dan simultan terhadap profitabilitas pada semua perusahaan perbankan (konvensional dan syariah) yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2017-2019. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan 41 sampel perusahaan perbankan. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) secara simultan diuji bahwa CAR, LDR, dan NPL berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas; 2) diuji secara parsial bahwa LDR dan NPL berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas, sedangkan CAR tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas.