bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A IMPORTÂNCIA DOS INDICADORES ECONÔMICOS, FINANCEIROS E DE ENDIVIDAMENTO COMO GESTÃO DO CONHECIMENTO NA TOMADA DE DECISÃO EM TEMPOS DE CRISE
Authors: Regert Rodrigo , Borges Junior Gilberto Medeiros , Bragagnolo Sandra Mara , Baade Joel Haroldo
Published: January 2019

Nos tempos hodiernos, a crise é uma constante que deve ser levada em consideração para a tomada de decisão. As empresas brasileiras, por estarem inseridas num cenário cuja economia é instável, precisam buscar diariamente informações na contabilidade sobre sua situação financeira, visando extrair dados que auxiliem na tomada de decisão. Tendo em vista isso, o presente artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma abordagem sobre a importância dos principais indicadores econômicos, financeiros e de endividamento como gestão do conhecimento na tomada de decisão. Diante deste contexto, serão abordados conceitos, objetivos, tipos e vantagens da análise econômica, financeira e de endividamento que podem ser realizadas em uma empresa. Para isso, a pesquisa será de forma descritiva com base bibliográfica. Conclui-se que esse estudo dará condições de conhecer a situação econômico-financeira de uma organização, analisando-a através de três pontos fundamentais: Liquidez, Rentabilidade e Endividamento. Ter ciência disso é essencial para a tomada de decisão, uma vez que a empresa precisa ter conhecimento da sua situação patrimonial para efetuar investimentos e projeções futuras.Palavras-Chave: Indicadores econômico-financeiros. Gestão do conhecimento. Tomada de decisão. The importance of economic, financial and debt indicators as knowledge management in decision-making in crisis timesAbstract: In modern times, the crisis is a constant that must be taken into account for decision making. Brazilian companies, because they are inserted in a scenario in which economy is unstable, need to daily seek information in the accounting about their financial situation, in order to extract data that aid in decision making. Thus, the present article aims to make an approach on the importance of the main economic, financial and debt indicators as knowledge management in decision making. Given this context, concepts, objectives, types and advantages of economic, financial and indebtedness analysis that can be carried out in a company will be addressed. For this, the research will be descriptive on a bibliographic basis. It is concluded that this study will provide conditions to know the economic-financial situation of an organization, analyzing it through three fundamental points: Liquidity, Profitability and Indebtedness. Knowing this is essential for decision making, since the company needs to be aware of its financial position to make future investments and projections.Keywords: Economic indicators. Economic and financial indicators. Knowledge management. Decision-making.
A ADMINISTRAÇÃO E O SURGIMENTO DA GESTÃO DE PESSOAS
Authors: Dos Santos Adelcio Machado , Franco Suzana Alves de Morais
Published: January 2019

A evolução da ciência da administração possibilitou o surgimento da abordagem direcionada para os recursos humanos na organização, uma vez que, inicialmente, a administração pouco se preocupava com as necessidades manifestas pelas pessoas. Tal característica pode ser observada por meio da descrição histórica da evolução da administração. Nesse sentido, Gil (1994) sustenta que o surgimento da então denominada Administração de Recursos Humanos decorre do crescimento das organizações e do aumento da complexidade das tarefas de gestão de pessoal, sendo que seu desenvolvimento está diretamente relacionado à própria história do desenvolvimento da Teoria Geral da Administração (TGA).Palavras-Chave: Administração. Gestão de Pessoas. Evolução. Business and the Emerging of the Management of PeopleAbstract: The evolution of the management science has allowed the appearing of the approach focused on the human resources in the organization, once, at first, management little did concern about the people’s needs. Such characteristic may be observed by means of the historical description of the business evolution. Accordingly, Gil (1994) states that the emerging of such management of human resources derives from the growing of organizations and the increase of the complexity of chores in the management of people’s field, therefore its development is directly related the history of the development of the General Theory of Management (GTM).Keywords: Business. Management of people. Evolution.
PENGARUH METODE EKSTRAKSI MINYAK PUPA ULAT JERMAN TERHADAP KOMPOSISI KIMIA
Authors: Santoso Erik Priyo , Astuti Farida Kusuma
Published: January 2019

The aim of this research is to know the extraction method of caterpillar pupa without detrimental to chemical composition to know the amount of pupa production of German caterpillar with two extraction methods per 100 grams of pupa To know the content of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber and amino acid lysin, methionine, and vitamin E pupa oil of German caterpillar. The study was conducted from February to April 2017, at the Lab. Central University Tribhuwana Tunggadewi. Oil extraction analysis was conducted in the chemistry laboratory of Tribhuwana Tunggadewi University and chemistry laboratory of Poltek Malang. German caterpillar research material, German caterpillar pupa, pupa caterpillar germany extracted by maceration and sokletasi. German caterpillar pupa is obtained from German caterpillar breeders in Amadanom, Dampit, Malang Regency. This research uses two different extraction methods, namely cold extraction method (maseration method) and using heat method (soxhlet method). The conclusions of both research methods are known that the quantity of German caterpillar yield using soxhlet extraction method is more than the maceration extraction method. However, for the quality of the two methods it is still necessary to do further analysis to know the exact comparison of the two methods.
PENDIDIKAN DAN POLITIKUS : ANALISIS PEMIKIRAN M. NATSIR TENTANG PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Hayati Nufus Ahmad
Published: January 2019

Abstract: This paper aims to analyze the thoughts of Mohammad Natsir on Islamic Education of Indonesia. Indeed education is a shared responsibility of all people, not just the task of education experts, political experts can play an active role in education. Long before independence and after independence education became the first and foremost thing that must be considered and realized according to the culture and needs of the people of Indonesia. Mohammad Natsir is one of the Indonesian politicians who are able to bring education changes and education curriculum in Indonesia. He no longer sees that public and religious education are separated and unrelated, but integrated. This is evidenced by the existence of educational institutions that he pioneered the Islamic education school and some educational thinking that until now still used in the education curriculum of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia with the term "integrated education". Keywords: Islamic Education, Thought, Mohammad Natsir
NILAI PENDIDIKAN MULTICULTURAL (KAJIAN TAFSIR AL-QUR’AN SURAH AL-HUJURAT AYAT 9-13)
Authors: La Diman Hayati Nufus Nur Khozin
Published: January 2019

Abstrak: Masalah dalam penelitian ini bagaimana nilai-nilai pendidikan multikultural
dalam al-Qur’an surah Al-Hujurat ayat 9-13. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji alQuran

surah Al-Hujurat ayat 9-13.Yang mengandung nilai-nilai pendidikan multikultural.
Penelitian ini berjenis penilitian studi kepustakaan (library research) dengan mengunakan
metode analisis isi melalui penafsiran 4 kitab tafsir yaitu. Tafsir Al-Misbah yang ditulis M.
Qurais Shihab, Tafsir Jajalain yang ditulis Jalaluddi Al-Mahali dan Jalaluddin As-Suyuti,
Tafsir Al-Maraghi yang ditulis Ahmad Mustafa Al-Maraghi, Tafsir Ibnu Katsir yang ditulis
Al-Imam Abu Fida Ismail Ibnu Katsir dan Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Analisis
al-Qur’an surah al-Hujurat ayat 9-13, mengandung 6 nilai-nilai pendidikan multikultural
yaitu: 1. Memupuk nilai Persaudaraan dalam Perbedaan, 2. Saling Menghargai dan
Saling Menghormati, 3. Menjauhkan diri dari Prasangka Buruk, 4. Bersikap Terbuka, 5.
Membangun Sikap Toleransi, 6. Meningkatkan Ketakwaan Terhadap Allah SW.

Kata Kunci: Nilai-nilai Pendidikan Multikultural Q.S.Al-Hujurat ayat 9-13.
Cover, Dewan Redaksi, dan Daftar Isi
Authors: Daftar Isi Cover, Dewan Redaksi,
Published: January 2019

Jurnal Matematika dan Pembelajaran
Pengaruh Terapi Bekam Basah terhadap Tekanan Darah pada Pasien Hipertensi di Rumah Bekam Ruqyyah Syar�iyyah Kabupaten Garut
Authors: Alfiyansah Rudy
Published: January 2019

Hipertensi merupakan penyakit kronis yang selalu meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Upaya mengurangi dan mencegah komplikasi dari penyakit hipertensi, diantaranya melalui pengobatan farmakologis dan pengobatan non farmakologis diantaranya pengobatan dengan terapi komplementer, terapi komplementer yang sedang naik salah satunya adalah terapi bekam (Al-Hijamah), jenis terapi ini mengulang cara terapi zaman dahulu yang dilakukan umat muslim dan telah dikembangkan dengan dunia kedokteran saat ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi bekam basah terhadap tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi di Rumah Bekam Ruqyyah Syar�iyyah Kabupaten Garut tahun 2017. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pre eksperimental design dengan rancangan One Group Pre-Post test. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 22 responden dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Nilai rerata tekanan darah sebelum dibekam adalah 172,9/89,9 MmHg, setelah dilakukan terapi bekam sebesar 161,7/85 MmHg dan ada pengaruh tekanan darah sistol dan diastole sebelum dan setelah diberikan terapi bekam basah serta dengan terapi bekam basah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tekanan darah sistol dan diastole. Saran dalam penelitian ini adalah bagi institusi diharapkan menjadi materi baru dalam dunia keperawatan khususnya dalam terapi komplementer. Bagi tempat penelitian diharapkan dapat bekerjasama dengan tim kesehatan lain dalam memberi terapi dan untuk peneliti selanjutnya dapat meneliti kembali teknik atau terapi lain yang dapat menurunkan tekanan darah.
From Spectacle to Deterritorialisation: Deleuze, Debord and the Politics of Found Footage Cinema
Authors: Bueno Claudio Celis
Published: January 2019

The aim of this article is to explore how the differences between Guy Debord and Gilles Deleuze delineate two different interpretations of the politics of found footage cinema. To do so, the notion of cinematic interval is crucial. While Debord's practice of détournement presupposes a Hegelian-inspired notion of interval that allows for self-awareness to be achieved, Deleuze puts forth a Bergsonian concept of interval that functions as a condition of possibility for creating an ‘image of movement in itself’. To explore these two interpretations, this article uses Guy Debord's 1973 film The Society of the Spectacle as a case study. By focusing on this specific object, the two interpretations of the cinematic interval make it possible to compare two alternative ways of dealing with the representability – or unrepresentability – of capital, and hence to sketch two alternative views on the politics of found footage film practices.
Sublime Art
Authors: Zepke Stephen
Published: January 2019

The book analyses recent philosophical discussions of Kant’s theory of the sublime, and the artistic examples these give or provoke, in order to construct a diagram of sublime contemporary art. This diagram will have the immediate aim of producing a new genealogy of post-war art that avoids the modern/postmodern rupture, in favour of a sublime art that can utilise both traditional and new media and has the production of the future as its political goal.
The book will draw on both philosophical discourse and art history and theory in making its argument. The introduction will give an account of the historical emergence of the sublime, concentrating on Kant. The following five chapters will each discuss a contemporary philosopher’s reading of Kant’s sublime (Lyotard, Derrida, Deleuze and Guattari, Rancière, Jameson), and also consider their artistic examples. From this will be drawn a diagram of sublime art that incorporates the most useful aspects of each thinker, and also outlines a new genealogy of post-war art. The sixth chapter will then use this diagram, and its artistic genealogy, to offer a theory of contemporary artistic practices as an aesthetic politics (ie., a biopolitics) that overcomes the current (postmodern) impasse between art and life. The conclusion will project this new diagram into the future.
Medicine and Empathy in Contemporary British Fiction
Authors: Whitehead Anne
Published: January 2019

This book offers a critique of the dominant understanding and deployment of empathy in the mainstream medical humanities. Drawing on feminist theory, it positions empathy not as something that one has or lacks, and needs to accrue, but as something that one does and that is embedded within structural, institutional and cultural relations of power. It aims to provide a critically informed definition of empathy, drawing on phenomenology, in order to counter the vagueness of the term as it has often been used. It questions, too, the assumption that empathy is limited to the clinical relation, looking to a broader and more encompassing definition of the ‘medical’. Combining theoretical argument with literary case studies of Mark Haddon’s The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time, Pat Barker’s Life Class, Ian McEwan’s Saturday, Aminatta Forna’s The Memory of Love and Kazuo Ishiguro’s Never Let Me Go, this book contends that contemporary fiction is not a vehicle for accessing another’s illness experience, but itself engages critically with the question of empathy and its limits. The volume marks a key contribution to the rapidly evolving field of the critical medical humanities.
Black Gold and Red Herrings
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad Idrees
Published: January 2019

This chapter looks at the various explanations that have been offered over the years for the Iraq war. It argues that common explanations like oil, free markets, military-industrial complex, and geopolitical rivalry are inadequate explanations for the war. The war did not have a single cause; but not all of its causes are equally significant.
Origins and Interests
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad Idrees
Published: January 2019

This chapter traces the origins of the neoconservative movement, how it went from an intellectual tendency to a political movement and how its worldview was shaped by the memory of the Holocaust.
Animal Exploitation and Subsistence on the Borders of the Sasanian Empire: From the Gorgan Wall (Iran) to the Gates of the Alans (Georgia)
Authors: Mashkour Marjan , Khazaeli Roya , Fathi Homa , Amiri Sarieh , Decruyenaere Delphine , Mohaseb Azadeh , Davoudi Hossein , Sheikhi Shiva , Sauer Eberhard W.
Published: January 2019

This chapter is based on recent investigations into the subsistence economy at a military fort in the northern Caucasus (in modern Georgia), in comparison with sites along the Gorgan Wall in the north-east of Iran. The latter include forts and settlements in the hinterland. These studies highlight the diversity of animal consumption during the Sasanian era, influenced by the environmental setting of the sites, general agro-pastoral practices in the study regions and different cultural traditions. In all cases, however, herded animals (sheep/goats and cattle) provided most of the animal protein, complemented by the exploitation of other resources such as poultry, fish and wild birds. The huge quantity of animal remains from Dariali Fort in Georgia and the other Sasanian-era sites presented here shed new light on animal exploitation at the frontiers of one of antiquity’s largest empires and provide a solid foundation for future archaeozoological studies in this part of the ancient world.
Cultural Contacts Between Rome and Persia at the Time of Ardashir I (c. AD 224–40)
Authors: Callieri Pierfrancesco
Published: January 2019

There has been much scholarly interest in the relationship between Rome and Persia in the Sasanian era. Historians have devoted detailed studies to the intensified political and military contacts following Ardashir I’s accession to the throne of Iran. Most art historians and archaeologists, by contrast, have argued that cultural contacts between Rome and Sasanian Persia were only established under Shapur I. There is, however, architectural and artistic evidence to suggest that such contacts commenced, in fact, during the reign of Ardashir I. As far as architecture is concerned, Dietrich Huff has made a persuasive case, that architects and masons from the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire were involved in the construction of the fire temple in the city of Ardashir Khurrah (Firuzabad). This chapter argues that rock reliefs also imply similar cultural influence, even though the case is more difficult to prove. It examines the chronology of the five rock reliefs accomplished under Ardashir, as well as the workshops involved in producing them. The earliest relief, at Firuzabad I, shows traits characteristic of Elymaean craftsmen. Subsequently, new techniques and styles appear, and the relief at Naqsh-e Rostam I seems to imitate Persepolitan sculpture. Since numismatic evidence suggests that the reliefs were all carved within about ten years, only the involvement of experienced sculptors, perhaps from the Syro-Mesopotamian regions invaded by Ardashir, can explain such a major and rapid change of style.
The Gothic Bestseller: The Circulation of Excess
Authors: Davies Ann
Published: January 2019

This chapter considers the work of best-selling Spanish authors Arturo Pérez Reverte and Carlos Ruiz Zafón as part of the trajectory of popular Gothic writing. Focusing specially on the successful and widely translated novels El club Dumas/The Dumas Club and La sombra del viento/The Shadow of the Wind, this chapter begins by looking at books and libraries in terms of fakery and unreliability – the book as treacherous. It then proceeds to draw on the theories of Fred Botting concerning Gothic as writing of excess and the postindustrial circulation of Gothic imagery to foreground contemporary circulation of the popular Gothic as predominant over the haunting power of stored knowledge from the past. Within this circulation, the novels of Pérez Reverte and Ruiz Zafón are themselves included as well as the books that feature within the novels.
The Pre-Raphaelites and Orientalism
Authors: Sasso Eleonora
Published: January 2019

The book redefines the task of interpreting the East in the late nineteenth century, weaving together literary, linguistic, and cognitive analyses of Pre-Raphaelite paintings, illustrations and writings. It takes as a starting point Edward Said’s Orientalism (1978) in order to investigate the latent and manifest traces of the East in Pre-Raphaelite literature and culture. As the book demonstrates, the Pre-Raphaelites and their associates appeared to be the most eligible representatives of a profoundly conservative manifestation of the Orient, of its mystic aura, criminal underworld and feminine sensuality. As readers of Edward Lane’s and Richard F. Burton’s translations of the Arabian Nights, John Ruskin, D.G. Rossetti, Christina Rossetti, William Morris, Algernon Swinburne, Aubrey Beardsley, and Ford Madox Ford were deeply affected by the stories of Aladdin, Sinbad and Ali Baba (and the less known Hasan, Anime, and Parisad), whose parables of magic, adventure and love seem to be haunting their Pre-Raphaelite imagination. Through cognitive linguistics and its wide range of approaches (conceptual metaphors, scripts and schemas, prominence, figure, ground, parables, prototypes, deixis and text world theory), which provide an illuminating framework for discussing the blend of East and West in Pre-Raphaelite paintings, illustrations and writings, this book demonstrates how Ruskin, the Rossetti brothers, Morris, Swinburne, Beardsley and Ford took property from the stories of the Arabian Nights and reused them in another remediations.
Introduction
Authors: Sasso Eleonora
Published: January 2019

‘[S]ince one cannot ontologically obliterate the Orient […], one does have the means to capture it, treat it, describe it, improve it, radically alter it’ (Said 1977: 95). In the second chapter of Orientalism, Edward Said suggests that we know the Orient through three different cognitive modes, which can be summarised according to David E. Rumelhart and Donald A. Norman’s classification (1978) of knowledge acquisition: that is, ...
‘[S]elling old lamps for new ones’: D. G. Rossetti’s Restructuring of Oriental Schemas
Authors: Sasso Eleonora
Published: January 2019

The first chapter outlines Rossetti’s fascination with the East, as exemplified by his illustrations and paintings remediating the stories of the Arabian Nights. Rossetti illustrated the stories of Aladdin, Sinbad, Amine and Princess Parisad by employing the magical lamp of translation, fostering cultural diversity and Oriental pluralisms. By conceiving the East as a blended space, he produced Oriental ‘double works of art’ that blend together poetry and painting, East and West, and experiment with forms of Turkish and biblical Orientalism. Such conceptual metaphors as East is violence and love is destruction are projected on to Cassandra (1861) and Helen of Troy (1863), examples of Turkish Orientalism that remediate Oriental schemas by applying a tuning approach. Other Oriental double works of art, such as The Girlhood of Mary Virgin (1849), Ecce Ancilla Domini! (1849–50), The Beloved, or The Bride (1865), Astarte Syriaca (1876) and Mnemosyne (1881), represent Rossetti’s mental picture of biblical Orientalism. By restructuring a few variables of the Oriental biblical schema, and by blending Western female beauty with Eastern symbology, Rossetti creates an entirely new vision of the East.
The Pre-Bard Stage Career of John Barrymore
Authors: Carli Philip
Published: January 2019

The author discusses Barrymore’s performances onstage prior to his roles in performances of Shakespeare’s plays. The chapter discusses Barrymore’s work in plays such as Peter Ibbetson, The Fortune Hunter, Justice, and The Jest. The author shows how his pre-Bard experiences onstage enriched and fulfilled the performative imagination that emerged when Barrymore eventually tackled Shakespeare.
Prospero Unbound: John Barrymore’s Theatrical Transformations of Cinema Reality
Authors: Toles George
Published: January 2019

John Barrymore might be described as the supreme embodiment of theatre on film. No matter what roles he plays, the aura of theatre inescapably and (so often) magically defines his relation to the camera, and to his fellow performers. This essay explores Barrymore's theatrical intersections with film reality—zeroing in especially on Larry Renault's lethal entrapment on the hotel room stage in Dinner at Eight.
“Planes, Motors, Schedules”: Night Flight and the Modernity of John Barrymore
Authors: Scheibel Will
Published: January 2019

“All you care about is planes, motors, schedules,” cries Helen Hayes in the aviation melodrama Night Flight (1933), condemning John Barrymore’s airline director for the dispassion he shows towards his pilots. Through a mise-en-scène analysis of the director’s office, in conjunction with an analysis of Barrymore’s work, this essay looks at the gendering of an industrial and managerial modernity articulated by Barrymore’s performance and masculine characterization.
Sociality and Socialisation
Authors: Berry Christopher J.
Published: January 2019

From the premise that humans are social beings, the Scots develop negative and positive arguments. Negatively they reject all contractarian/rationalistic accounts of social living and downplay any crucial role for ‘great men’. Positively they emphasise the effects of socialisation and underline the factors underpinning social coherence (here called institutional stickiness). Customary ways of behaving, and the institutions thus constituted, not only stabilise they constrain and since habits are creatures of time then it is gradual alterations in the sentiments of people that changes them. In contrast to any glib confidence in ‘progress’ the Scots are more cautious. They do believe in improvement but it is not guaranteed and is a gradual process.
‘But Art itself is Natural to Man’: Adam Ferguson and the Principle of Simultaneity
Authors: Berry Christopher J.
Published: January 2019

Despite a passage in his Institutes Ferguson does not systematically order his historical narrative in terms of what is labelled (as short-hand) the ‘four stages’. Ferguson’s conception and typology of ‘arts’ is explored; more particularly it addresses his argument that all the arts are co-eval in human experience. Hence Ferguson claims of the basic 3-fold classification (made in the Principles) of commercial, political and ornamental arts that they are simultaneous. As he recognises this means it is mistake to prioritise, both chronologically and conceptually, those arts which attend to the exigencies of material life over those which serve the need for mental attainment and ornament.
‘Her Heritage Was that Tragic Optimism’: Edwardian Pastoral
Authors: Hubble Nick
Published: January 2019

George Orwell suggested that proletarian literature began before the First World War when Ford Madox Ford, the editor of the English Review, met D.H. Lawrence and saw in him the portent of a new class finding expression in literature. Chapter one of this book explores the extent to which Ford was already anticipating the ideas of William Empson in his Edwardian pastoral, which is seen as a mode of discourse concerned with rethinking social relations and a key progenitor of both modernism and proletarian literature. The chapter also discusses Ford and H.G. Wells as uneasy collaborators in ‘music-hall’ modernism and analyses the urban explorations of both Katherine Mansfield and Virginia Woolf.
‘The Common Life’: Women and Men after the General Strike
Authors: Hubble Nick
Published: January 2019

This chapter draws on the argument of Charles Ferrall and Dougal McNeill that the message of the defeat of the 1926 General Strike was the need to fuse political and sexual desire into ‘a new politicised and gendered imagination for struggles to come’. An extended close reading of D.H. Lawrence’s Lady Chatterley’s Lover and its earlier drafts focuses on Lawrence’s sustained attempt to reimagine gender and class relations. This is followed by the discussion of a number of proletarian novels, such as Ellen Wilkinson’s Clash, Walter Brierley’s Means-Test Man, Walter Greenwood’s Love on the Dole, Harold Heslop’s Last Cage Down and James Barke’s Major Operation, in terms of how they reconcile sexual, gender and class politics.
Modernism, Fiction and Mathematics
Authors: Engelhardt Nina
Published: January 2019

Modernism in mathematics – this unusual notion turns out to provide new perspectives on central questions in and beyond literary modernism. This books draws on prose texts by mathematicians and on historical and cultural studies of mathematics to introduce the so-called ‘foundational crisis of mathematics’ in the early twentieth century, and it analyses major novels that employ developments in mathematics as exemplary of wider modernist movements. The monograph focuses on Thomas Pynchon’s Against the Day (2006) and Gravity’s Rainbow (1973), Hermann Broch’s novel trilogy The Sleepwalkers (1930-32), and Robert Musil’s The Man without Qualities (1930/32). These novels accord mathematics and its modernist transformation a central place in their visions and present it as interrelated with political, linguistic, epistemological and ethical developments in the modern West. Not least, the texts explore the freedoms and opportunities that the mathematical crisis implies and relate the emerging notion of ‘fictional’ characteristics of mathematics to the possibilities of literature. By exploring how the novels accord mathematics a central role as a particularly telling indicator of modernist transformations, this book argues that imaginative works contribute to establishing mathematics as part of modernist culture. The monograph thus opens up new frames of textual and cultural analysis that help understand the modernist condition from the interdisciplinary perspective of literature and mathematics studies, and it demonstrates the necessity to account for the specificity of mathematics in the field of literature and science studies.
Virtual Conflicts
Authors: Hengehold Laura
Published: January 2019

According to Deleuze, philosophical problems persist covertly in the actualization of their solutions. This chapter addresses aspects of Beauvoir’s thought in The Second Sex that remain problematic from a Deleuzian perspective, such as the relationship of reciprocity to equality and hierarchy, the relationship between political violence and the “transcendental” violence provoking thought, and finally, the ontological status of the “event” grounding Beauvoir’s understanding of history in Deleuzian terms. This reading of Beauvoir is distinguished from other feminist engagements with Deleuze and argues that the most important task feminist thinkers face is understanding how representation and singularity or becoming can both be taken into consideration by feminist politics at the level of laws and institutions.
The Integrated Soundtrack and Lyrical Speech
Authors: O'Meara Jennifer
Published: January 2019

This chapter considers dialogue in relation to the film soundtrack as a whole, arguing that careful approaches to dialogue in American independent cinema extend to include a creative strategy when combining dialogue, music and sound effects. Analysis of the interaction of music and sound effects with dialogue includes: how musical choices made by characters are verbally contextualised, and how indie filmmakers blur the boundaries between sound effects and dialogue. It is argued that by incorporating portions of inaudible dialogue, American independent cinema can position audience members as eavesdroppers rather than sanctioned listeners – calling on us to listen selectively, and engaging us in the process. The chapter extends Claudia Gorbman’s concept of ‘melomania’ by thinking about characters’ discussion of music as related to her focus on music loving directors. The examination of the integrated soundtrack also considers lyrical speech in relation to polyglot (multilingual) cinema and repetition. Through a case study of Jim Jarmusch’s Only Lovers Left Alive (2013), the chapter also theorises the links between both language and music as markers of time.
What Can Data Drawn from the Hansen-Nielsen Inventory Tell Us about Political Transitions in Ancient Greece?
Authors: Fleck Robert K. , Hanssen F. Andrew
Published: January 2019

Most of the democratic transitions that have occurred in human history took place in ancient Greece. Thanks to Mogens Hansen’s and Thomas Nielsen’s monumental Inventory of Archaic and Classical Period Poleis (augmented by Josiah Ober and his Stanford colleagues), a fascinating data set documenting ancient Greek political transitions now exists. But the data present an extraordinary challenge to empirical research, because so much remains unknown about so many poleis. Furthermore, and very importantly, one cannot treat missing information as if it were caused by chance destruction of records. The objectives of this chapter are threefold: first, to illustrate the feasibility of useful statistical analysis, even when applied to data as uncertain in origin and/or interpretation as those from ancient Greece; second, to provide additional evidence of the value of a systematic database, such as that derived from Hansen and Nielsen’s work; third, to contribute to literature on political transition in ancient Greece.
‘Baghdad is to Cities What the Master is to Mankind’: The Rise of Vizier Culture
Authors: England Samuel
Published: January 2019

Examines the phenomenon of vizier-poets in medieval Baghdad and the ‘Abbasid provinces. Argues that Persian viziers used literary, administrative skill to overshadow royals and the caliph. These viziers in the imperial provinces supported Arabic literature with great enthusiasm, but also revised the rules of courtly membership and poets’ ritual jousts. Not content to simply patronize authors, they composed their own works. With poetic statements of self-praise, religious dogma, and satire aimed at insufficiently loyal courtiers, they altered the relationship between patron and poet, each of whom was now able to slander the other in verse. Their exchanges of inflammatory compositions became some of the most closely followed events of Abbasid life, drawing the attention of imperial citizens and stationing the viziers themselves as the central, intimidating arbiters of taste. In effect, the vizierial class began to legislate with literature.
Saladino Rinato: Spanish and Italian Courtly Fictions of Crusade
Authors: England Samuel
Published: January 2019

Completes the historical arc of the book, exploring the last generations of medieval writers, ushering in the Renaissance. Juan Manuel, Dante Alighieri, and Giovanni Boccaccio, created a new identity for Saladin after two centuries of European writing about the sultan. The refashioned Saladin challenged fellow knights on matters of chivalry, religion, and political history. Spanish and Italian literature used him in order to perform an allegorical, critical review of Christian identity. As these three European authors contemplated the fractious political spaces that their kingdoms were becoming, they found in Saladin a persona both chivalric and unsettling to chivalry as an institution. The Renaissance is known as the age in which Europe rediscovered Antiquity for the sake of intellectual progress, but that work was initiated through medieval reflections upon courtly life.
Introduction: The Call of Classical Literature in the Romantic Age
Authors: Van Anglen K. P. , Engell James
Published: January 2019

Many writers in the earlier nineteenth century—major and canonical, well recognized, and minor—love and employ classical literature in order to transform and enliven their own work. They do not follow earlier attitudes and practices regarding ancient texts, though neither do they consider what they are doing to be a “romantic” abjuration in opposition to THE “classical.” Using the inheritance of a broad classicism rather than a narrowed neo-classicism often found in the previous century, they assume a Janus-like stance. These writers do not call themselves romantics and do not name their own era “Romanticism,” a literary period designation that emerges close to the twentieth century. Instead, critics consider contemporaneous writers in schools (e.g., Byronic, Lake, Cockney). The more that one looks on both sides of the Atlantic, the more one sees classical texts employed not as objects of strict imitation but as inspirations and as transformative inheritances used to address, among other topics, slavery and abolition, public rhetoric and politics, the creation of new mythologies, revivification of epic and lyric, personal psychology, the particular course of a writer’s life, aesthetic values such as the picturesque, even environmental concerns. Classical texts no longer determine fixed genres; they enliven experimentation with them. Hebrew, freely called a “classical language,” joins Latin and Greek and adds new dimensions to cultural discourse, poetic innovation, and aesthetic values.
Phillis Wheatley and the Political Work of Ekphrasis
Authors: Kete Mary Louise
Published: January 2019

Wheatley redefines herself and her prospects by choosing to open her collection of poems with the rhetorical device of ekphrasis applied to her own situation. This act of agency asserts her equality as an educated person with men and with white people in the face of society’s claims that she—as a woman, a Negro, and a slave—is inherently inferior. She rejects the ways in which her master, the eighteenth-century evangelical clergy, a noble patron, and her publisher try to control her by defining her as their creation. Instead, her use of ekphrasis to compare her situation to those of classical literary figures such as Homer, Maecenas, Virgil, and especially Terence (a freed African slave turned playwright) invokes the classical tradition in order to assert that it inspires her radical claims of gender and racial equality. In doing so, she asked many of the same questions posed by radical elements in revolutionary America, including who has the right to define what we are or will be, and what our reputation will be? She anticipates the use of ekphrasis by familiar Romantic poets such as Wordsworth, Keats, and Hemans as way to define and claim the ethos of the poet.
“Larger the shadows”: Longfellow’s Translation of Virgil’s Eclogue 1
Authors: Irmscher Christoph
Published: January 2019

“Larger the shadows” takes a close look at Henry Wadsworth Longfellow’s translation of Virgil’s “Eclogue 1” (1870), a poem that reflected his experience of change, both in himself and around him in his physical environment. A relentless foreignizer as a translator, Longfellow nevertheless found in Virgil a familiar, modern commitment to preserving “green” spaces. Translating Virgil, Longfellow recognized facets of himself in Virgil’s characters: he was both Tityrus, reclining in the shade, warbling inconsequential little tunes on his reed, as well as Meliboeus, haunted by nightmares of the impending loss of his semi-rural locus amoenus (notably contemporary efforts to open up the banks of the Charles River for development). The essay also offers a review of previous translations of Eclogue 1 and editions of Virgil used by Longfellow.
Gertrude Stein's Transmasculinity
Authors: Coffman Chris
Published: January 2019

By reading written and visual artefacts of Gertrude Stein’s life, Gertrude Stein’s Transmasculinity reframes earlier scholarship to argue that her gender was transmasculine and that her masculinity was positive rather than a self-hating form of false consciousness. This book considers ways Stein’s masculinity was formed through her relationship with her feminine partner, Alice B. Toklas, and her masculine homosocial bonds with other modernists in her network. This broadens out Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick’s account of “male homosocial bonding” to include all masculine persons, opening up the possibility of examining Stein’s relationship to Toklas; masculine women such as Jane Heap; and men such as Pablo Picasso, Ernest Hemingway, and Carl Van Vechten. The Introduction and first four chapters focus on surfacings of Stein’s masculinity within the visual and the textual: in others’ paintings and photographs of her person; her hermetic writings from the first three decades of the twentieth century; and her self-packaging for mass consumption in The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas (1933). Whereas the chapter on The Autobiography underscores Toklas’s role in the formation of Stein’s masculinity and success as a modernist, the final three register the vicissitudes of the homosocial bonds at play in her friendships with Picasso, Hemingway, and Van Vechten. The Coda, which cross-reads Stein’s Everybody’s Autobiography (1937) with the media attention two museum exhibits about her attracted between 2011 and 2012, points to possibilities for future work on the implications of her masculine homosocial bonds with Vichy collaborator Bernard Fäy.
‘Not a popular personage’: The Factor in Scottish Property Relations, c. 1870–1920
Authors: Cameron Ewen A.
Published: January 2019

This chapter begins with a detailed examination of the humiliation of a factor on the state-owned Kilmuir estate in north Skye in 1909. It then uses a range of evidence - poetry, journalism, estate papers, government records - to discuss the history and memory of this event. This episode is used as a basis for analysing the wider role of factors in Scottish property relations from 1850 to 1920. Different models of factorship are discussed, as are the varying roles of factors – local estate managers, lawyer consultants – and their subordinates, on the estate and beyond its marches. The chapter has a principal focus on the Scottish Highlands, where debates about the role of the factor were at their most intense, but also notes that property relations in urban Scotland were characterised by some of the same tensions between property owners, factors and tenants.
The Courtown Land Agents and Transnational Estate Management, 1850–1900
Authors: Murphy Rachel
Published: January 2019

The nature of estate agencies across the four nations during the nineteenth century varied depending on the size and location of the estate, and the financial situation of the landlord. In short, just as estates were not homogenous, neither were the agencies that managed them. This chapter considers the management structure of a transnational estate during the second half of the nineteenth century, using the Courtown estate as a case study. It examines the roles of the agents, sub-agents and bailiffs employed on the estate during this period. It is hoped that the study will enable comparison with other estates within the four nations, leading to a deeper understanding of the role of the land agent during the Victorian period.
John Campbell (‘Am Baillidh Mor’), Chamberlain to the 7th and 8th Dukes of Argyll: Tradition and Social Memory
Authors: Campbell Robin K.
Published: January 2019

This chapter highlights the power of oral tradition in perpetuating the villainous images of a Scottish land agent in nineteenth century Argyllshire, through the generations to the present day. It explores the criticisms levelled at Campbell’s administration of the Duke of Argyll’s island estates which included the forced eviction of local communities; the underlying external influences affecting that policy and the considerable pressures facing Campbell in managing such a large estate. Oral tradition and contemporary sources provide an illustrative insight into this powerful and much feared man.
Roy Andersson's Living Trilogy and Jean-Luc Nancy's Evidence of Cinema
Authors: Hanke Bob
Published: January 2019

In this article, I explore three films that comprise Swedish director Roy Andersson's “Living Trilogy” – Songs from the Second Floor (2000); You, the Living (2007); and A Pigeon Sat on a Branch Reflecting on Existence (2014). My aim is to push the philosophical bearing of Andersson's films towards Jean-Luc Nancy's philosophy of art and cinema. How should we understand his cinematic way of looking, intermedial images, and production of sense? First, I trace Andersson's concept of the “complex image” and aesthetic of “trivialism.” Second, I outline Nancy's approach to “presentation” and the “evidence of film.” Third, I describe Andersson's “axiomatics” of looking and collection of characters. Finally, I consider the ways this co-existential trilogy suggests a realization of a Nancian ontology of being-with and exposure to the sense of a world. I contend that Andersson's style is a praxis and a regard for this world. What his fragmentary films communicate to us can be illuminated by Nancy's idea that some cinema makes evident a sense of the world.
RETRACTED: DEAD-Box Helicase 5 Interacts With Transcription Factor 12 and Promotes the Progression of Osteosarcoma by Stimulating Cell Cycle Progression
Authors: Chen Yanchun , Wang Qiaozhen , Wang Qing , Liu Jinmeng , Jiang Xin , Zhang Yawen , Liu Yongxin , Zhou Fenghua , Liu Huancai
Published: January 2019

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common malignant primary bone tumor. Its mechanism of development and progression is poorly understood. Currently, there is no effective therapeutic regimens available for the treatment of OS. DEAD-box helicase 5 (DDX5) is involved in oncogenic processes. This study aimed to explore the role of DDX5 in the development and progression of OS and its relationship with transcription factor 12 (TCF12), which is as an important molecule of Wnt signaling pathway. We found that the expressions of DDX5 and TCF12 protein were significantly higher in OS patients tissues and in the MG63 cells than in the corresponding normal tissues and human osteoblast cell hFOB 1.19. Overexpressions of both DDX5 and TCF12 were associated with clinicopathological features and poor prognosis of OS patients. siRNA based knockdown of DDX5 inhibited the proliferation of MG63 cells as demonstrated by an in vitro MTS assay and 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine DNA proliferation detection, and promoted apoptosis of MG63 cells measured by flow cytometry. In addition, DDX5 knockdown inhibited the MG63 cell migration and invasion on transwell assays. Further experiments showed that DDX5 knockdown not only inhibited the expression of TCF12 but also decreased the mRNA and protein levels of Cyclin E1, an important regulator of G1–S phase progression, suggesting that DDX5 was required for the entry of cells into S phase. Overexpression of TCF12 reversed the cell proliferation, migration and invasion in MG63 cells induced by DDX5 knockdown accompanied by the upregulation of Cyclin E1. Additionally, we observed that DDX5 interacted with TCF12 in both OS tissues and MG63 cells by Co-immunoprecipitation assays. Taken together, our study revealed that DDX5 interacts with TCF12 and promotes the progression of OS by stimulating cell cycle progression. Our results suggest that DDX5 and TCF12 could be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of OS.
Phytohormone-Mediated Stomatal Response, Escape and Quiescence Strategies in Plants under Flooding Stress
Authors: Bashar Kazi Khayrul , Tareq Md. Zablul , Amin Md. Ruhul , Honi Ummay , Tahjib-Ul-Arif Md. , Sadat Md. Abu , Hossen Quazi Md. Mosaddeque
Published: January 2019

Generally, flooding causes waterlogging or submergence stress which is considered as one of the most important abiotic factors that severely hinders plant growth and development. Plants might not complete their life cycle even in short duration of flooding. As biologically intelligent organisms, plants always try to resist or survive under such adverse circumstances by adapting a wide array of mechanisms including hormonal homeostasis. Under this mechanism, plants try to adapt through diverse morphological, physiological and molecular changes, including the closing of stomata, elongating of petioles, hollow stems or internodes, or maintaining minimum physiological activity to store energy to combat post-flooding stress and to continue normal growth and development. Mainly, ethylene, gibberellins (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) are directly and/or indirectly involved in hormonal homeostasis mechanisms. Responses of specific genes or transcription factors or reactive oxygen species (ROS) maintain the equilibrium between stomatal opening and closing, which is one of the fastest responses in plants when encountering flooding stress conditions. In this review paper, the sequential steps of some of the hormone-dependent survival mechanisms of plants under flooding stress conditions have been critically discussed.
Antibiotic Stewardship—Twenty Years in the Making
Authors: Charani Esmita , Holmes Alison
Published: January 2019

In the last 20 years, efforts were made to optimize antibiotic use in hospitals across the world as a means of addressing the increasing threat of antibiotic resistance. Despite robust evidence supporting optimal practice, antibiotic decision-making remains sub-optimal in many settings, including in hospitals. Globally, resources remain a limiting factor in the implementation of antibiotic stewardship programs. In addition, antibiotic decision-making is a social process dependent on cultural and contextual factors. Cultural boundaries in healthcare and across specialties still limit the involvement of allied healthcare professionals in stewardship interventions. There is variation in the social norms and antibiotic-prescribing behaviors between specialties in hospitals. The cultural differences between specialties and healthcare professionals (1) shape the shared knowledge within and across specialties in the patient pathway, and (2) result in variation in care, thus impacting patient outcomes. Bespoke stewardship interventions that account for contextual variation in practice are necessary.