bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conjunto probatório no processo previdenciário judicial
Authors: Roncaglio Gustavo André , Ghelen Maristela Heinen
Published: October 2022

O cerne do presente trabalho consiste nas provas que o segurado pode utilizar a fim de obter o benefício requerido junto ao Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social – INSS, que são de cunho social ou assistencial, tendo em vista que a concessão dos referidos benefícios requer meios robustos de provas, a fim de obter resultado favorável na demanda pretendida. As espécies de prova que o segurado utilizará, dependendo do tipo de benefício pleiteado, podem ser pericial, testemunhal ou documental. A questão-problema visa proporcionar singela contribuição acerca da importância da instrução probatória adequada, que é essencial para o sucesso no processo para a obtenção do benefício. O objetivo do presente estudo é arrazoar a seguridade social e a previdência social e indicar os tipos de provas possíveis no processo previdenciário. A forma de abordagem é dedutiva. Sob o ponto de vista de seu aspecto técnico é de revisão bibliográfica e documental. Dessa maneira, é possível concluir que são admissíveis ao segurado utilizar-se de prova documental, pericial ou testemunhal a fim de comprovar que se enquadra no rol de requisitos que cada benefício exige ou que lhe assegurará a concessão do benefício requerido.
constitucionalidade do regime disciplinar diferenciado
Authors: Roesel Nadine Biazim , Puhl Eduardo
Published: October 2022

Considerando que o Regime Disciplinar Diferenciado impõe a alguns condenados específicos um isolamento mais severo durante o cumprimento de pena, com o objetivo de manter a disciplina nas unidades prisionais, a relevância do tema se revela por meio da crise do sistema carcerário brasileiro, que expõe a superlotação das, que poderia levar a perda do controle sobre os presos. Objetiva-se, desta forma, apresentar os motivos da criação do RDD, identificar suas principais características e analisar a compatibilidade do RDD com os princípios constitucionais. Utilizou-se uma metodologia dedutiva, com técnica de revisão bibliográfica. Por fim, foi possível verificar a compatibilidade do RDD com os princípios constitucionais, concluindo que não há violação constitucional nem da dignidade da pessoa humana.
caracterização da responsabilidade civil por abandono afetivo
Authors: Lima Gustavo de , Pscheidt Ana Cassia Gatelli
Published: October 2022

No presente artigo discute-se a possível caracterização da responsabilidade civil por abandono afetivo. O âmbito familiar é de imensa importância no desenvolvimento das crianças e adolescentes, sob responsabilidade de seus pais. Busca-se compreender de início como ocorre e de que maneira se forma uma família na perspectiva do direito brasileiro, bem como, quais são os deveres dos pais durante a criação e desenvolvimento de seus filhos pelo viés jurídico brasileiro. Além disso, elenca-se o instituto da responsabilidade civil ao longo da história e de que maneira ela é caracterizada no caso concreto, seja por alguma violação ou ilícito civil, bem como de que maneira ela é apresentada e inserida no Direito de Família no que tange ao abandono afetivo e uma possível responsabilidade aplicada aos pais que venham a não estabelecer laços de afeto com seus filhos. Ao final, analisam-se casos concretos da jurisprudência pátria no que concerne ao entendimento sobre a responsabilidade civil pelo abandono afetivo no processo de criação dos filhos.
The Basque Language (Euskera) As an Ideological Instrument in the Historical Construction of Basque Ethnic Identity
Authors: Ullán de la Rosa Francisco Javier
Published: October 2022

This paper analyzes how studies of a language and the language itself can be used as symbolic instruments to construct or support a differential ideological identity. The analyses of these studies have allowed us to undertake a sort of “archaeology” of the process of Basque ethnogenesis. All the authors instrumentalized philological studies as a way of expressing and claiming their ethnic identity, building their arguments on the basis of previous works (the “archaeological” layer being immediately underneath) at the same time that they reformulated them in order to better suit their specific conception of Basque identity as well as their particular sociopolitical interests. As if we were looking at a stratigraphic cut of an uninterrupted human settlement, the research unravels the existence of a narrative thread that, stratum upon stratum (that is, author upon author) connects the Basque chroniclers of the 16th to 18th centuries with the romantic fuerista writers of the 19th century, as well as Sabino de Arana-Goiri, the founder of the contemporary Basque Nationalist Party.
Turning Ukrainians into a separate nation
Authors: Krpan Domagoj
Published: October 2022

Ukraine's national identity was born out of historical events which impacted the regions in Ukraine differently. In western and central parts of Ukraine, the people tend to be more pro-Western, while in the eastern and southern parts of the country, the people are more pro-Russian. This difference emerged from two approaches to the Ukrainian identity. The pro-Western part of the country believes that they were a separate nation from the Russians and should break ties with Russia. The pro-Russian part believes that the Ukrainians and the Russians are the same nation or two brotherhood nations that should stand together against outside threats.

This paper will analyze which key historical events were the roots of the Ukrainian national identity and where the differences between the regional approaches are laying. This difference between pro-Western and pro-Russian attitudes influenced the Ukrainian political landscape from its independence until 2014. After the Revolution of Dignity, the occupation of Crimea, and the war in Donbas, the political situation started to change towards more pro-Western policies. The invasion in 2022 could be the final nail in the coffin of the Ukrainian-Russian brotherhood, and it might erase the last difference between the two parts of Ukraine.
Microstructure of a nickel insert, a special copper alloy, and a cast joint between them
Authors: Naglič Iztok , Kresnik Žan , Resnik Andrej , Markoli Boštjan
Published: October 2022

Abstract in English

This work deals with the characterisation of the microstructure of a nickel insert, a special copper alloy and the cast joint between them after their use as a glass manufacturing mould. The microstructure was characterised by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and microanalysis by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.

It was found that the nickel insert contained 7 at. % Si and 0.3 at. % Fe. The special copper alloy contains undesirable phases or compounds, including lead, aluminium-based oxides and borides. The borides are either iron-, iron-chromium- or chromium-based with different stoichiometries between metal components and boron. The cast joint between the nickel insert and the special copper alloy has evidence of mixing the two alloys, while only in some areas porosity and oxides prevented the formation of a suitable cast joint. Aluminium-based oxides and some borides could be the cause of the formation of cracks due to their morphology.
The statistical importance of influence of various options of infusional therapy on parameters of a homeostasis of patients with heavy traumatic shock
Authors: Stepanov S. S. , Girsh A. O. , Stukanov M. M. , Leonov G. V. , Malyuk A. I. , Chernenko S. V. , Mamontov V. V.
Published: October 2022

In work it is presented that application of infusional therapy for patients with heavy traumatic shock at a prehospital stage is not only pathogenetic expedient, but also authentically reasonable component of antishock treatment. It is revealed that the most effective option of volemichesky compensation at patients with heavy traumatic shock at pre-hospital and hospital stages of treatment is application sterofundin isotonic and 4% the modified gelatin.
Provision of emergency medical care in the territory of the Republic of Khakassia for road traffic injury
Authors: Miroshnichenko A. G. , Popova E. A. , Mamedov R. A. , Popov A. A. , Khabarova O. I. , Bolshakova M. A. , Rakhmanov R. M. , Mamedova Y. B. , Gladneva V. V.
Published: October 2022

Objective: to establish the reasons that impede the provision of ambulance in case of traffic accidents in the Republic of Khakassia and to outline ways to solve them. Materials and methods. Official statistical forms, information materials and electronic databases of the State Budgetary Institution of Health of the Republic of Khakassia “Republican Medical Information and Analytical Center” of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Khakassia (RMIAC) and the Department of State Road Safety Inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for the Republic of Khakassia (UGIBDD) were used. Results. An analysis of the causes that impede the provision of ambulance in case of traffic accidents in the Republic of Khakassia is carried out. Of course, persons injured as a result of transport accidents that occurred on the territory of a large city have a better chance of the timely arrival of the ambulance team than those injured as a result of a traffic accident on highways remote from large cities. Conclusion. It is necessary to continue this study for the scientific substantiation of ways to eliminate the causes that impede the provision of ambulance in case of road acci[1]dents in the Republic of Khakassia.
Heart injury by the fish bone that has perforated esophagus
Authors: Povzun S. A.
Published: October 2022

There is described the casuistic case of the death of the 67-year-old woman from hemotamponade of the pericardial cavity due to non-perforating injury to the posterior wall of the left heart ventricle with the fish bone that has perforated the anterior wall of the esophagus. It is also reported about the presence in literature of the single publication of the case of such perforation of the left heart atrium with its thrombosis and thromboembolic complications and of few rare cases of such perforation complicated with aortal pseudoaneurism, hemophtisis, and lung abscess. The peculiarity of this and published in the literature cases is that most of such perforations are asymptomatic, and their clinical manifestations appear already at the stage of development of complications.
Energy saving and economics: relationship and contradictions
Authors: Uvarov Igor Petrovich , Vorobieva Irina Vasilievna , Omelchenko Denis Petrovich
Published: October 2022

The article explores the interrelations and contradictions of energy-saving technologies and the economy, with an emphasis on the territory of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, raises the problems of electricity generation using renewable energy sources, assesses the dynamics of the balance of territorial production and consumption of electricity, conducts a point analysis of the commissioning of enterprises, with using renewable energy sources, the issues of investment sources, the possibilities and realities of their payback, comparison with entities using traditional, non-renewable energy sources are considered.
The influence of the information environment on the formation of the identity of Russian youth on the example of the North Caucasus
Authors: Pyatova Anastasiya Victorovna
Published: October 2022

This article examines the influence of the information environment on young people living in the territory of the multinational North Caucasus in the context of such a complex psychological and pedagogical category as identity. Possible ways of forming ethno-cultural identity in the conditions of the information society are analyzed. The purpose of the study was also to analyze the emotional coloring of the ethnic identity of young people and to determine the current indicators of their perception of their own personality as part of a social group. As a result of the study, a number of proposals and directions for practical work with young people have been formed, aimed at shaping their ethno-cultural identity in the conditions of the information society.
Chinese researchers on cultural diversity in the globalization space
Authors: Zhao Hong
Published: October 2022

The article presents an attempt at a philosophical and cultural study of the theories and concepts of Chinese authors, disclosed in a number of publications devoted to the problems of the impact of globalization on culture in general, and on cultural diversity in particular. The purpose of the study is to determine the positions of Chinese authors in substantiating the impact of globalization on cultural diversity as a characteristic process of modern development. This study is one of the first in Russian philosophical theory, therefore its coverage is the basis for a philosophical discourse on the justification of the theoretical positions of the interaction of culture and globalization in Chinese scientific thought, for subsequent comparative analysis. The scientific novelty of this article lies in the philosophical and cultural analysis of the theories and concepts of Chinese researchers, highlighting the problems of the impact of globalization on cultural diversity, which is not represented in Russian theory today.
Social management: historical background and theoretical motives for development
Authors: Pavlovich Victor Vasylevich
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study is to reveal the historical background and theoretical motives for the development of social management. However, in practice, the postulate of such an attitude to the historical background is not always reflected in studies. More often, material heritage is noticed, sometimes visible to the naked eye. A less studied and much more complex issue is the presence of the past in the public mind, i.e. social memory of previous experience, which constitutes the intellectual and emotional background of today's goals and aspirations. The article discusses the features of the material and spiritual heritage of social management. The scientific novelty lies in a comprehensive analysis of the prerequisites and motives for the historical development of social management. As a result, it was revealed how strongly the facts of the past influence the current attitudes and motives of behavior. On the one hand, there is a rejection of what was experienced by society in the past and caused the need for change, on the other hand, the same denied past is deeply rooted in the social psyche, manifesting itself in the form of fear of change. However, even the most accurate analysis of motivations and behavior cannot be artificially separated from the structural environment.
mundo[>·<]interior// backup! v.3.1 Un ejercicio de archivo performativo para el patrimonio artístico digital latinoamericano
Authors: Montero Valentina , Hofman Vanina
Published: October 2022

The present article addresses the exhibition mundo[>·<] interior// backup! v.3.1 [InsideWorld] which took place at the Museum of Contemporary Art (MAC) of the Faculty of Arts, University of Chile, between October 2021 and March 2022. The exhibition took up the challenge of presenting a series of digital Works from the‘90 and early 2000, collected by artist Brian Mackern. In order to do so, the curatorial approach had to deal with problems such as the historiographical invisibility of Latin American artistic-digital production, the difficulty of collecting Works based on obsolete technologies, and its preservation problems. The exploration of mundo[>·<]interior allow us to discuss the notion of “archival performativity” as a creative and divergent strategy for the recognition and activation of the heritage of pioneering digital art projects/objects; which implies, additionally, the analysis of key issues in this field such as virtuality, materiality and digital memory.
Dual Roles of Cyclin D1 in Normal Physiology and Disease
Authors: Bhowmick Swagata , Singh Shweta , Ahmad Shomaila , Mishra Jainendra Kumar
Published: October 2022

The rate of division and proliferation of a cell is determined by a complex sequential process known as the cell cycle. This process is directed by a family of numerous regulatory proteins known as cyclins, which are expressed at various phases of the cell cycle. Among the different cyclins, cyclin D1 is one such important cell cycle nucleoprotein that regulates the rate of mitotic division as well as many other biological mechanisms. In the recent years, however, cyclin D1 has shown abnormal expression within the cell cycle machinery and has been overexpressed in a wide variety of tumors, therefore implying that it might have an influence in the cell cycle aberration and can initiate oncogenesis. Hence, the emergence of cyclin D1 expression in cancer has indicated its significance as a tumor biomarker. In addition, cyclin D1 has also raised questions regarding its molecular role in many other pathologies apart from cancer as well, and so till date, it continues to be a topic of interest.
TANTANGAN PERKEMBANGAN PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Abdul Abdul Rachman , Mandiri Dewi Putri , Astuti Widi , Arkoyah Siti
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa tantangan perkembangan perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Perbankan syariah di Indonesia mengalami pertumbuhan dan perkembangan dengan adanya merger tiga bank syariah di Indonesia menjadi kekuatan besar yaitu Bank Syariah Indonesia namun demikian tidak sedikit pula tantangan yang dihadapi dunia perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian library research yaitu dengan menggunakan data sekunder data-data Otoritas Jasa Keuangan, Bank Indonesia, Undang-Undang No. 21 Tahun 2008 tentang Perbankan Syariah dan dokumen lainnya yang berkaitan dengan perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merumuskan beberapa tantangan yang harus diselesaikan guna untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan perbankan syariah dan mempertahankan akselerasinya secara berkesinambungan, yaitu pertama, adalah  terdapat gap sumber daya insani baik secara kuantitas maupun kualitas yang tidak terserap dengan baik dalam perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Kedua, pengembangan produk dan layanan perbankan syariah yang dinilai kurang inovatif dan kompetitif dibandingkan perbankan konvensional lainnya dan rendahnya tingkat literasi masyarakat terhadap lembaga keuangan syariah di Indonesia. Ketiga, tatanan peradilan agama untuk dapat menyelesaikan perselisihan transaksi keuangan syariah juga dinilai belum memadai. Keempat, perbedaan pemahaman mazhab dalam fiqh muamalah di beberapa negara menghadirkan perbedaan dan perselisihan dalam penyelarasan produk secara nasional dan global.
Peatland Fire Mitigation: Indigenous People’s Way in Surviving Economic and Ecological Sustainability
Authors: Arisanty Deasy , Rajiani Ismi , Hastuti Karunia Puji , Putro Herry Porda Nugroho , Abbas Ersis Warmansyah
Published: October 2022

Peatland fires in Indonesia have generated significant losses economically and environmentally but mitigation efforts to decrease these effects have been limited. This study aims to analyze the types of fire catastrophe mitigation carried out by neighborhood agencies and pick out the constraints of land fireplace mitigation. This lookup is qualitative learning with in-depth interviews with fire care neighborhood groups, firefighting corps and landowners in areas regularly affected by the fires in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. The consequences confirmed that the neighborhood and landowners had been dedicated to defending peatland from fires. The area extinguished flames by way of the usage of boreholes and firefighting facilities. Landowners commit to preserving their productive agricultural land; however, they overlook the unmanaged or deserted property. Mitigation is minimal due to a shortage of water sources and technological know-how limitations, which regularly failed to overcome peatland fires. Utilizing deserted land inclined to hearth into productive land is beneficial for preserving land from burning to keep monetary and ecological sustainability.
A Comprehensive Assessment of Agricultural Drought
Authors: Kadam Chandrakant Madhukar , Bhosle Udhav V. , Holambe Raghunath S.
Published: October 2022

There are many disasters that are still a threat to the world. Tsunamis, volcanoes, earthquakes and droughts are well-known among the group. In fact, of all the hazards mentioned, drought is quite unpredictable and devastating. It directly affects the community at large. Droughts exist in almost all countries across the globe. Furthermore, its duration and frequency depend on and vary with different parameters. Surprisingly, droughts do not possess any formal, globally accepted definition which adds to its complexity. Meteorological, agricultural, hydrological and socioeconomic droughts are the most common forms of drought discussed in the literature. A mixture of factors including precipitation, temperature and soil moisture, among others, triggers drought. According to the drought survey, researchers have examined drought, looking at the specific application along with geographical constraints, resulting in the formation of several drought indices. Drought indicators play an important role in quantitatively estimating drought intensities by integrating data from one or the other variable. Furthermore, these indices are derived in order to capture most of the characteristics of the specific drought incident. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly review established and emerging drought monitoring methods. In this work, we retrospectively analyzed various methods used to investigate drought, with special attention to agricultural drought.
Effects of combination of Amphotericin B and Fumaria parviflora ethanolic extract against Leishmania major and expression of miR146a-5p and miR499 levels
Authors: Huda A. Saleh , Hussein Ali Ahmed , Lubna Abdel Aziz , Manar Kareem , Ehab M. Fahmy , Rasha Fadhl Obaid , Sundus Nsaif AlHuchaimi , Alaa Hazim , Thikra A. Mahmood
Published: October 2022

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a common zoonotic parasitic disease in the Middle East caused by Leishmania major and L. tropica. The aim of this study was to investigated Amphotericin B and Fumaria parviflora (F. parviflora) ethanolic extract of antiparasitic effects against L. major and expression of miRNA (miR)146a-5p and miRA499 in culture cells. Amphotericin B (50 and 100μg/mL) and F. parviflora ethanolic extract (10-100%v/v) were prepared and subjected to ER/75/IR/M L. major strain promastigotes in the RPMI medium wells and BALB/c mice (n=60). Promastigotes suspensions (2×106) were cultured in wells in triplicate. After incubation at 25°C for 24hrs, the number of parasites into macrophages were counted using Gimsa dye in each group. The mice cutaneous infection was performed for a week and the effect of Amphotericin B (100μg/mL) singly and combined with 50% v/v of the F. parviflora ethanolic extract was evaluated for 10 days. The expression of miR146a-5p and miR499 into macrophages in each group was evaluated using real-time PCR. The 50% lethal dose (LC50) of F. parviflora ethanolic extract included 100% v/v while the combination of 50% extract with 100 μg/mL of Amphotericin B killed 90% (LC90) of promastigotes during 48h. The in vivo study exhibited improvement of lesions sizes significantly in combination therapy compared to the control group (p<0.05). The expression of miR146a-5p and miRA499 was not significantly affected in treatment to the Amphotericin B and F. parviflora ethanolic extract. Combination of Amphotericin B (50 and 100μg/mL) and F. parviflora ethanolic extract can significantly inhibit the promastigotes growth during 72hrs. Moreover, this combination was promising towards in vivo treatment of skin Leishmania lesions.
Comparative analysis of vitamin D levels in younger and older populations in rural vs. urban areas of Amravati district: An epidemiological survey
Authors: Daphale Dr. Ajay , Daphale Dr. Amit , Daphale Dr. Surita , Thakare Dr. Vaishali
Published: October 2022

Background Deficiency of the sunshine vitamin, vitamin D, is a major public health issue which affects people all over the world. Vitamin D deficiency was common among populations in the Amravati district of India, particularly among females, young adults in rural areas and the elderly. While many studies have focused on vitamin D levels in individuals, few have compared vitamin D status in younger and older as well rural and urban populations.

 Methodology The present study was conducted in the pathology department of a tertiary health care centre serving both a rural and urban population.  481 adult patients were examined from Jun 2017 to May 2019, age 20 to 78, of both sexes.

 Result We found that there was a high frequency of vitamin-D deficiency/inadequacy. The overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml of serum 25- Hydroxyvitamin D) was 40%. There was significantly more deficiency in urban than rural areas. However, we found no significant differences by age or sex.

 Conclusion Vitamin-D deficiency is very common in India. The clinically identified cases, on the other hand, are just the tip of the iceberg. Given the numerous effects that this deficiency might produce, this hidden pandemic slows the country's development. Vitamin-D deficiency must be managed with care and attention. Vitamin-D supplementation is critical for these residents who are vitamin-D deficient. Food fortification should be explored as the best long-term public health measure to improve the vitamin D status of the entire population.
Influence of Surveillance Methods in the Detection of Sports Injuries and Illnesses
Authors: Mashimo Sonoko , Hogan Takaaki , Nishida Satoru , Watanabe Yumi , Matsuki Yuya , Suhara Hirokazu , Yoshida Naruto
Published: October 2022

Background

Epidemiological data on sports injuries and illnesses depend on the surveillance methodology and the definition of the health problems. The effect of different surveillance methods on the data collection has been investigated for overuse injuries, but not for other health problems such as traumatic injuries and illnesses.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate the new surveillance method developed by the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center (OSTRC), which is based on any complaint definition (new method), to identify health problems compared with the traditional surveillance method, which is based on time loss definition.

Study design

Descriptive epidemiology study

Methods

A total of 62 Japanese athletes were prospectively followed-up for 18 weeks to assess differences in health problems identified by both new and traditional methods. Every week, the athletes completed the Japanese version of the OSTRC questionnaire (OSTRC-H2.​JP), whereas the teams’ athletic trainers registered health problems with a time loss definition. The numbers of health problems identified via each surveillance method were calculated and compared with each other to assess any differences between their results.

Results

The average weekly response rate to the OSTRC-H2.​JP was 82.1% (95% CI, 79.8–84.3). This new method recorded 3.1 times more health problems (3.1 times more injuries and 2.8 times more illnesses) than the traditional method. The difference between both surveillance methods’ counts was greater for overuse injuries (5.3 times) than for traumatic injuries (2.5 times).

Conclusions

This study found that the new method captured more than three times as many health problems as the traditional method. In particular, the difference between both methods’ counts was greater for overuse injuries than for traumatic injuries.

Level of evidence

2b
Lower Limb Ground Reaction Force and Center of Pressure Asymmetry During Bodyweight Squats
Authors: Hannan Kelci B. , King Adam C.
Published: October 2022

Background

Performance asymmetries between the lower limbs have been reported across a variety of variables and for numerous motor tasks including double leg squats. Additionally, the degree of symmetry is often used as a recovery metric during rehabilitation programs.

Hypothesis/Purpose

The purpose of this investigation was to examine leg asymmetry during a bodyweight double leg squat task and assess the effects of squat speed in a physically active population.

Study Design

Cross-over Study Design.

Methods

Eighteen healthy individuals completed two sets of 20 squats at two tempos (preferred tempo and 60 bpm) while ground reaction force and center of pressure data were recorded using dual force plates. Peak vertical ground reaction force, force impulse, and center of pressure (COP) standard deviation in the anterior-posterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) direction were calculated and analyzed to identify any differences between legs, tempo, and as a function of repetitions. Significance was set at ρ ≤ .05.

Results

The subjects exhibited greater ground reaction forces during the self-paced tempo compared to the metronome-paced tempo (F1,79 = 14.48, p < .001) with the preferred leg generating larger values than the non-preferred leg during the self-paced condition. There was also a significant tempo x leg interaction for force impulse (F1,79 = 5.927, p = 0.015). A greater amount of COP variability was found in the preferred leg compared to the non-preferred leg in both the AP (F1,79 = 30.147, p < 0.001) and ML (F1,79 = 41.204, p < 0.001) directions.

Conclusions

These findings highlight the importance of considering multiple levels of analysis when assessing lower limb symmetry as separate variables may provide differential evidence for asymmetry. Practically, these results emphasize the need for coaches and practitioners to consider different degrees of lower limb asymmetries that may impact the development and design of strength and rehabilitation programs.

Level of Evidence

3
The Effect of Blood Flow Restriction Therapy on Shoulder Function Following Shoulder Stabilization Surgery: A Case Series
Authors: McGinniss John H. , Mason John S. , Morris Jamie B. , Pitt Will , Miller Erin M. , Crowell Michael S.
Published: October 2022

Background

Traumatic shoulder instability is a common injury in athletes and military personnel. Surgical stabilization reduces recurrence, but athletes often return to sport before recovering upper extremity rotational strength and sport-specific abilities. Blood flow restriction (BFR) may stimulate muscle growth without the need for heavy resistance training post-surgically.

Hypothesis/Purpose

To observe changes in shoulder strength, self-reported function, upper extremity performance, and range of motion (ROM) in military cadets recovering from shoulder stabilization surgery who completed a standard rehabilitation program with six weeks of BFR training.

Study Design

Prospective case series

Methods

Military cadets who underwent shoulder stabilization surgery completed six weeks of upper extremity BFR training, beginning post-op week six. Primary outcomes were shoulder isometric strength and patient-reported function assessed at 6-weeks, 12-weeks, and 6-months postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included shoulder ROM assessed at each timepoint and the Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUEST), the Upper Extremity Y-Balance Test (UQYBT), and the Unilateral Seated Shotput Test (USPT) assessed at the six-month follow-up.

Results

Twenty cadets performed an average 10.9 BFR training sessions over six weeks. Statistically significant and clinically meaningful increases in surgical extremity external rotation strength (p < 0.001; mean difference, .049; 95% CI: .021, .077), abduction strength (p < 0.001; mean difference, .079; 95% CI: .050, .108), and internal rotation strength (p < 0.001; mean difference, .060; CI: .028, .093) occurred from six to 12 weeks postoperatively. Statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements were reported on the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (p < 0.001; mean difference, 17.7; CI: 9.4, 25.9) and Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (p < 0.001; mean difference, -31.1; CI: -44.2, -18.0) from six to 12 weeks postoperatively. Additionally, over 70 percent of participants met reference values on two to three performance tests at 6-months.

Conclusion

While the degree of improvement attributable to the addition of BFR is unknown, the clinically meaningful improvements in shoulder strength, self-reported function, and upper extremity performance warrant further exploration of BFR during upper extremity rehabilitation.

Level of Evidence

4, Case Series
The Effectiveness of Trunk and Balance Warm-up Exercises in Prevention, Severity, and Length of Limitation From Overuse and Acute Lower Limb Injuries in Male Volleyball Players
Authors: Muramoto Yuki , Kuruma Hironobu
Published: October 2022

Background

Injuries in volleyball players are most common in the ankles and knees. Many volleyball players suffer from overuse injuries because of the strain placed on the lower extremities from repeated jumping. A characteristic of players who are most at risk for lower extremity injuries is the tendency to display trunk instability during landing, such as lateral flexion and rotation. Research has shown the effectiveness of exercise-based warm-up interventions for acute volleyball injuries. However, comprehensive analyses on the use of lower extremity, trunk, and balance programs to prevent overuse injuries are lacking.

Purpose

To examine the effects of trunk and balance warm-up exercises on the prevention, severity, and length of limitation of overuse and acute lower limb injuries in male volleyball players.

Study Design

Prospective, single-cohort study.

Methods

This study involved the 2019 (control group) and 2021 (intervention group) male volleyball teams. The control and intervention groups were on the same team; however, seven players joined in 2021 through a sports referral program through which different players are recruited. Measurements included injury incidence rate, injury severity, and injury burden. The intervention involved the addition of trunk and balance exercises during the 2021 season.

Results

There was no significant difference in injury incidence rates between groups. Injury severity decreased by 3.7 days for overuse injuries (p=0.04). Injury burden decreased by 11.8 (days/1000 player hours) overall and by 7.1 (days/1000 player hours) for overuse injuries.

Conclusion

The results show that an exercise-based warm-up aimed at improving trunk posture during landing did not reduce the incidence rate of injury in men’s volleyball. However, the addition of this warm-up did significantly reduce the severity of overuse injury.

Level of Evidence

Level 3B
A Comparison of Factors Associated with Running-Related Injuries between Adult and Adolescent Runners
Authors: DeJong Lempke Alexandra F. , Collins Sara E. , Whitney Kristin E. , D'Hemecourt Pierre A. , Meehan William P.
Published: October 2022

Background

There are multiple personal and environmental factors that influence the risk of developing running-related injuries (RRIs). However, it is unclear how these key clinical factors differ between adult and adolescent runners.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to compare anthropometric, training, and self-reported outcomes among adult and adolescent runners with and without lower extremity musculoskeletal RRIs.

Study Design

Cross-sectional study.

Methods

Questionnaire responses and clinical assessment data were extracted from 38 adult runners (F: 25, M: 13; median age: 23 [range 18-36]) and 91 adolescent runners (F: 56, M: 35; median age: 15 [range 14-16]) who underwent a physical injury prevention evaluation at a hospital-affiliated sports injury prevention center between 2013 and 2021. Participants were sub-grouped into those with (adults: 25; adolescents: 38) and those without (adults: 13; adolescents: 53) a history of self-reported RRIs based on questionnaire responses. Multivariate analyses of covariance (MANCOVA) covarying for gender were conducted to compare outcomes across groups.

Results

Adult runners had lower Functional Movement Screen™ (FMS™) scores (mean differences [MD]: -1.4, p=0.01), were more likely to report intentional weight-loss to improve athletic performance (% difference: 33.0%; p:<.001), and more frequently included resistance training into their training routines (% difference: 21.0%, p=0.01) compared to adolescents. Those with a history of RRIs were more likely to report intentional weight-loss compared to uninjured runners (% difference: 21.3; p=0.02) and had shorter single leg bridge durations than those without RRIs (RRI: 57.9±30, uninjured: 72.0±44, p=0.01).

Conclusion

The findings indicate that addressing aspects of biomechanics identified by the FMS™ and behaviors of weight loss as an effort to improve performance may represent targets for the prevention of RRIs for adult and adolescent runners, given the association with history of RRIs.

Level of Evidence

3
The Management of Valgus Extension Overload Syndrome Experienced with Hitting in a High School Baseball Player: A Case Report
Authors: Piraino Andrew B , Davis Brent M
Published: October 2022

Background

Valgus extension overload syndrome (VEOS) of the elbow is a condition associated with overhead athletes. However, the non-surgical management of these individuals is not well documented.

Purpose

To discuss the unique presentation, management, and outcomes of an adolescent baseball player with a chronic history of VEOS experienced during hitting.

Case Description

A 15-year-old right-handed high school baseball catcher presented with a six-month history of right-sided ulnar elbow pain. Elbow MRI w/ contrast was consistent with VEOS. The initial examination demonstrated excessive resting right-sided humeral external rotation compared to his left. Valgus stress testing in the subject’s hitting position reproduced symptoms, which were alleviated with retest while correcting excessive humeral external rotation. Weakness of the humeral internal rotators and stiffness/shortness of the posterior shoulder were found and thought to relate to the humeral contribution to his elbow movement dysfunction. Rehabilitation emphasized addressing impairments contributing to excessive humeral external rotation with reintegration into batting.

Outcomes

After five weeks of physical therapy, the subject returned to soft toss hitting at approximately 75% velocity for the first time since symptom onset, without pain. At seven months after discharge, a phone conversation confirmed that the subject had returned to baseball without limitations.

Discussion

Despite the concept of ‘regional interdependence’, common proximal impairments are often assumed to contribute to elbow pain without a clear biomechanical rationale. Future research demonstrating the specific biomechanical effects of the shoulder on the elbow is needed, in addition to more accessible examination strategies to assess their relationship.

Level of Evidence

5
Establishing Normative Dynamic Postural Control Values in Elite Female Handball Players
Authors: Picot Brice , Dury Jeanne , Néron Guillaume , McKeon Patrick O , Forestier Nicolas
Published: October 2022

Background

Lower extremity injuries among young female handball players are very common. The modified Star Excursion Balance Test (mSEBT) is a valid clinical tool to assess dynamic postural control and identify athletes with higher risk of injury. However, its interpretation is difficult since performance on this test is highly sport dependent. No normative values on the mSEBT exist in handball.

Purpose

The aim of this investigation was to establish normative ranges of mSEBT performance in young, healthy female handball players to help practitioners when interpreting risk estimates.

Study design

Cross-Sectional Study

Methods

Athletes from 14 elite teams were recruited during a national tournament and performed 3 trials in the anterior (ANT), posteromedial (PM), posterolateral (PL) directions of the mSEBT. Means, standard deviations and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of normalized reached distances were calculated for each direction and the composite score (COMP). Level of asymmetry between dominant and non-dominant limbs were calculated for each direction using Bland Altman analyses. Group differences were weighed against the established mSEBT minimum detectable differences (MDD) to compare scores between limbs and across different player positions.

Results

One-hundred and eighty-eight females (16.8±0.9 years) were tested. Mean reach distances were 65.2±5% (64.7-65.7), 110.0±6.2% (109.3-110.6), 107.1±6.2% (106.5-107.8) and 94.1±4.9% (93.6-94.6) for the ANT, PM, PL directions and COMP score respectively. Bias and limits of agreement for limb asymmetry were -0.23% (-5.85%, 5.38%) for ANT, -0.83% (-8.80%, 7.14%) for PM, 0.33% (-8.51%, 9.17%) for PL and -0.27% (-4.88%, 4.33%) for COMP score. No meaningful differences were observed between limbs or across player positions since the values did not exceed the MDD and all 95%CIs overlapped.

Conclusion

This study provides normative performance values for dynamic postural control as measured by the mSEBT among young, healthy, elite female handball players. Considering the high incidence of injury in this population, these values can be used for injury risk reduction and return to sport decisions. Further prospective studies are needed to established specific cut-off scores in this population.

Level of evidence

2c
The Reliability of the GNRB® Knee Arthrometer in Measuring ACL Stiffness and Laxity: Implications for Clinical Use and Clinical Trial Design
Authors: Smith Kayla , Miller Nicole , Laslovich Steve
Published: October 2022

Background

Stability of the knee is dependent on multiple factors including integrity of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Greater knee joint laxity appears to negatively affect dynamic joint function and therefore reliable and valid measures of ACL stiffness and laxity are clinically valuable.

Purpose

The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of the GENOUROB, (GNRB®) knee arthrometer device in measuring both stiffness and laxity of the ACL, and to provide information on sample size calculation for future clinical trials.

Study Design

Cross-sectional test-retest study

Method

Twelve healthy student participants (age 24-30 years; 6 females and 6 males) completed testing on two different testing dates. Anterior tibial translation and stiffness were measured using the GNRB® device at forces of 134N and 200N. Reliability analyses were performed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). SEM, MDC, and sample size calculations were also determined.

Results

Average anterior tibial displacements of 3.63mm and 5.32mm were found for 134N and 200N of force respectively. ICC values for intra-rater, inter-rater, and test-retest reliability were similar across measures of anterior tibial translation and stiffness, ranging from .72 to .83 (95% CI: .54 to .90). The standard error of measurement (SEM) for anterior tibial stiffness ranged from 3.47 mm/N to 3.76 mm/N. Minimal detectable change (MDC) for test-retest anterior tibial stiffness was 9.6 mm/N. Sample sizes for crossover and parallel design studies were determined.

Conclusion

ACL laxity and stiffness measures were found to be reliably obtainable using the GNRB® knee arthrometer under the strict control of the individual’s alignment to the device and patellar pad forces. Reliable laxity and stiffness values may assist practitioners in clinical reasoning and the development of individualized ACL rehabilitation programs. Additionally, the sample size calculations presented may aid in future research design.

Level of Evidence

3
A Plague of Their Own: Injury Incidence Remains Elevated in the 2021 Major League Baseball Season Compared to Pre-COVID-19 Seasons
Authors: Platt Brooks N , Sullivan Breanna M , Dripchak Shawn , Uhl Timothy L , Sciascia Aaron D , Kibler William , Stone Austin V
Published: October 2022

Background

Significant increases in injuries were observed in the 2020 Major League Baseball (MLB) season; these were attributed to an increased acute to chronic workload due to the interrupted preseason and compressed season during the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In 2021, the MLB resumed its regular schedule.

Hypothesis/Purpose

The purpose of this study was to determine the injury incidence and epidemiology of the 2021 MLB season compared to the injury incidence in the 2020 season and pre-COVID-19 seasons. The hypothesis was that, with the return to normal preseason training, injury incidence in 2021 would return to pre-COVID-19 rates. Additionally, it was hypothesized that injury list (IL) placements at midseason 2021 would be decreased relative to 2020 due to the uninterrupted preseason yet increased at full season 2021 due to increased overall workload from 2020.

Study Design

Descriptive epidemiology study

Methods

The MLB transactions database was searched for players placed on the IL between 2018 and 2021. Injuries were categorized by body part and player position. Incidence per 1000 athlete-exposures was calculated for the pre-COVID-19 (2018-2019), 2020, and 2021 seasons. The z test for proportions was used to determine significant differences between injury incidences.

Results

The injury incidence rate by midseason 2021 (9.32) compared to 2020 (8.66) was not significantly different (p=0.234). At full season 2021, injury incidence rate (8.69) was significantly higher than pre-COVID-19 seasons (5.13, p<0.001), but not 2020 (p=0.952). When comparing full season 2021 to 2020, increased foot/ankle (0.50 vs 0.14, respectively, p<0.001) and miscellaneous (1.92 vs 0.68, respectively, p<0.001) injuries were observed.

Conclusion

The overall injury incidence in 2021 was significantly higher than pre-COVID-19 seasons, and no significant difference was observed between both mid- and full season 2021 and 2020, refuting the hypotheses. This signifies that injury incidence remained elevated in the 2021 season despite resumption of preseason training and a regular season.

Level of Evidence

3
Construção dos saberes docentes e identidade docente de residentes no ensino remoto
Authors: Lopes Wesllen Martins , Cunes Kellen Emily Sampaio , Dutra Bibiana Kaiser , Wollmann Ediane Machado
Published: October 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo identificar e compreender a construção dos Saberes Docentes, bem como da Identidade Docente de residentes pedagógicos durante o ensino remoto decorrente do Covid-19 (2020/2021). A obtenção de dados se deu através de questionário com oito perguntas abertas e fechadas baseadas nas ideias de Tardif (2002), Pimenta (1996) e Campos (2007), os participantes da pesquisa se tratam de residentes dos cursos de licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas e Química do Instituto Federal Farroupilha — São Vicente do Sul. A diminuta participação de alunos relatada por grande parte dos residentes representou a principal dificuldade para construir os próprios saberes e principalmente a própria identidade em um ambiente de ensino remoto. Inferimos as dificuldades de se trabalhar o ensino de forma remota no ensino básico, uma vez que pequenas parcelas de alunos possuem acesso a recursos digitais, além da necessidade de maiores investimentos e formações voltadas nessa perspectiva.
Mathematics learning and the students' reality in the context of rice farming
Authors: Paraol Cristina da Silva Martins , Stormowski Vandoir
Published: October 2022

The paper presents the planning and implementation of a classroom practice, with the aim of analyzing the articulation of students' reality and the learning process in mathematics. The students' reality considered refers to a municipality in which rice farming predominates and there is also a project to implement an environmental protection park. The study has a qualitative approach, and analyzes the classroom process and the data derived from it. The central theoretical contribution is based on Critical Mathematics Education, both in practice planning and in data analysis. The results indicate the importance of considering the reality of students in the classroom by allowing an attribution of meaning to the mathematical concepts covered, by allowing a reading of reality based on mathematical interpretation, and by allowing reflections on reality by articulating the background and foreground from the students.