bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tradition with a Small Letter
Authors:   Vladimir Law Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Timoshchuk Aleksey
Published: June 2022

May 7th, 2020, the wonderful philosopher Tatyana Borisovna Lyubimova died. Her final monograph “Philosophy and Countertradition” is a multifaceted study of the correlations between traditional culture and the current state of philosophy. This is also the last publication on the life path of Tatyana Borisovna, in her philosophical adventure, where Western sociology and categorical aesthetics, ancient Russian philosophy and metaphysics of a unified tradition became landmarks. Tatiana Borisovna always lacked topos and chronos, she wrote about Peter I and the sociology of Adorno’s music, the ontology of tragedy and the ecology of culture, about the dialogue of civilizations and the philosophy of life of Rozanov; she translated Böhme and Berleant, Sartre and Ricoeur. Particularly noteworthy is the participation of T.B. Lyubimova in grant research on the interaction of cultural models, the modernization of ideology and the globalization of cultures, where she expressed her non-standard opinion outside the ordinary field of consciousness. In short, Lyubimova’s system can be called a ‘strange philosophy’. This is a philosophy where self-discovery of the paradoxes of one’s own world takes place. This is a portrait of culture without its essence, made according to aesthetic guidelines. This is a worldview where a metaphysical thread stretched between unusual reference points: Kepler’s hexagonal snowflakes and the calendar rites of the farmers of Central Asia. Tatyana Borisovna published the largest anthology of the works of René Guénon in Russian in her own translation. The French traditionalist remained for Tatyana Borisovna a transcendental magnet of her late work, he set the course of her inner time, bestowed metaphysical freedom, and clarified the increasingly complex world of quantitative relations.
Stand-Up as an Indicator of Passionarity: To the Methodology of the Question
Authors:   Katanov Khakass State University, Abakan, Russian Federation, Ibragimov Radiy , Amzorova Diana ,   Katanov Khakass State University, Abakan, Russian Federation
Published: June 2022

The article deals with a scientific substantiation of the possibility to solve an essential methodological goal — social diagnosis of human capital on some concrete social practice, taken as an indicator. A humorous genre ‘stand-up comedy’ is suggested to be chosen as the indicator. Arguments: 1) It is one of the most energetically developing areas with a youth audience in Russian mass culture. 2) The economic side of the project, its capitalization in the literal sense of the word, is also actively developing. 3) High level of the individual success, which allowed for the consideration of a stand-up comedian as a local ‘growth point’. 4) The last argument allows involving the arsenal of the passion theory, reconsidering the problem from a social energetic point of view. 5) It, therefore, allows considering irregular distribution of stand-up communities localization as an effect of passion theory erosion in a particular region (The Republic of Khakasia). Stand-up was analyzed from different points of view: philosophical, historical, aesthetic, economical, political and micro-sociological. As a result of the analysis a number of provisions were put forward which allow designing empirical research programmes. For instance, by using an idea that laughter is alienated aggression, one may clarify the perspective of social tension studies. Historical analysis showed that stand-up metamorphosed from a Protestant sermon and may be the indicator of westernization of both society and its regional localizations. Political studies of the problem allowed formulating relativity of the social and aesthetic resonance of comedy. Micro-sociological analysis helped to define the mechanism and distribution tendency of passion theory tension in an audience. As a result of the study certain thematic clusters and an algorithm of their logical interdependence were defined, aimed at empirical research, which will make it possible, in short term, to implement methodologically valid study of human capital by using a stand-up comedy as an indicator.
A DISCUSSION ON BEING DIFFERENT ON THE FACE AND THE VISUAL REPRESENTATION OF DIFFERENCE
Authors: BOZOK Nihan , TOKSOY Gamze
Published: June 2022

Bu metinde, yüzü sakatlık, hastalık veya iz nedeniyle farklı olan kişilerin görsel temsillerinin üretilmesi hakkında bir tartışma yürütülmektedir. Çalışmanın teorik arka planında yüze bakmanın toplumsal kuruluşu değerlendirilmektedir. Yüz, toplumsal ve kültürel atıflar dünyasının devamlılığı içinde görülür ve anlam kazanır. Yüzü farklı olan kişi, mevcut görme rejiminin bağlı olduğu sosyo-kültürel semboller sisteminden kopar, iletişim kabiliyeti azalır ve toplumsal olarak dışlanır.
Bu çalışmada, yüzünde görünür farklılığı olan bireylerin maruz kaldığı ayrımcı ve dışlayıcı bakış günümüz görsel dünyası içinde yeniden ele alınmaktadır. Yeni medyanın sağladığı iletişim olanakları, toplumda normal dışı kabul edilen bireylerin kendilerini ifade edebilecekleri ve deneyimlerini aktarabilecekleri kanallar açmaktadır. Görünürlük alanının böylesine çeşitlenmesi günümüz görsel kültürü içinde ötekine bakışı da etkilemektedir. Bu bağlamda metinde, Yüzümle Mutluyum Derneği’nin instagram hesabındaki paylaşımlar incelenmekte ve sosyal medyanın normal dışı kabul edilen yüzlerin görsel temsilinde açtığı olanaklar değerlendirilmektedir.
Resistance of breast cancer cells to all-trans retinoic acid is associated with a decrease in the basal level of nuclear receptor RARα expression and induction of cytochrome CYP26A1 and CYP26B1 expression
Authors: Enikeev A. D. , Komelkov A. V. , Elkina N. V. , Akselrod M. E. , Kuzmichev S. A. , Tchevkina E. M.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Retinoic acid (RA) is a key regulator of cell differentiation and a critical player in such systemic processes in the body as embryonic development, immune system cell maturation and functioning, tissue remodeling and several others. This compound displays an antitumor activity due to its ability to stimulate differentiation, induce apoptosis  and inhibit proliferation of malignant cells. The rapid acquisition of resistance to RA and its analogues by solid tumor cells is one of the main problems limiting the widespread use of retinoids in the therapy of malignant neoplasms. The mechanisms of RA-resistance are still poorly understood.

The study objective – assessment of the relationship between the basal expression level of the nuclear RARα receptor and the RA-induced expression of the cytochromes CYP26A1and CYP26B1 with the resistance of breast cancer cells to the action of all-trans-retinoic acid.

Materials and methods. Cell lines were cultured, the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to the action of fully trans-retinoic acid, RNA isolation, reverse transcription reaction and real-time polymerase chain reaction were analyzed).

Results. In present study, using an experimental model represented by 9 breast cancer cell lines with different level of sensitivity to RA, we showed that the expression of the RA nuclear receptor RARα, as well as the level of mRNA induction of CYP26A1 and CYP26B1 cytochromes in response to RA treatment correlate with RA-sensitivity.

Conclusion. Thus, a decrease of RARα expression as well as the reduced ability to catabolize RA are factors associated with RA-resistance of breast cancer cells.
Metabolism of tryptophan in non-small lung cancer patients with different effect of PD-1 / PD-L1 inhibitors immunotherapy
Authors: Zlatnik E. Yu. , Sagakyants A. B. , Novikova I. A. , Maksimov A. Yu. , Shatova O. P. , Appolonova S. A. , Moskaleva N. E. , Rumyantsev S. A. , Shestopalov A. V.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. In the structure of cancer incidence, lung cancer ranks first among men. In order to study the molecular mechanisms of the initiation and progression of lung cancer, it is necessary to study not only the tumor cells themselves, but also the features of the systemic tryptophan metabolism. Tryptophan catabolites, being to a large extent product of the metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota, can affect the effectiveness of immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors. The kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism is intensified in the body of cancer patients; its products have a pro-oncogenic and immunosuppressive effect, which may hinder the effectiveness of immunotherapy.

Objective – to study the dynamics of changes in various metabolites of tryptophan metabolism in the blood serum and feces of patients with non-small cell lung cancer with various effects of immunotherapy with inhibitors of PD-1 (programmed cell death receptor 1) / PD-L1 (programmed cell death receptor 1 ligand).

Materials and methods. The study included blood serum and stool samples obtained from 20 patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with PD-1 / PD-L1 inhibitors. Using high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric analysis, the levels of 13 tryptophan metabolites were assessed in patients with various effects of immunotherapy. The significance of differences between the samples was assessed using a nonparametric method according to the Mann – Whitney test. They were considered statistically significant at p <0.05.

Results. In fecal analyzes of patients in whom a positive effect of immunotherapy was observed, baseline levels of 5-hydroxyindole acetate and quinolinic acid were lower than in patients with tumor progression. Positive clinical dynamics was accompanied by a decrease in the content of indole-3-lactate, kynurenine and indole-3-carboxaldehyde in the feces of patients. In the serum of patients with a positive response, the initial content of 5-hydroxyindole acetate, indole-3-acetate, indole-3-butyrate and quinoline acid was lower than in patients with progression of non-small cell lung cancer. A positive response to immunotherapy was characterized by an increase in the levels of indole-3-butyrate and indole-3-propionate, and a negative response was not accompanied by statistically significant changes in the studied tryptophan metabolites.

Conclusion. Profiling tryptophan metabolites in feces and serum of patients with non-small cell lung cancer can be used to predict the effectiveness of immunotherapy with PD-1 / PD-L1 inhibitors.
Investigation of the contribution of the reinforcement tie to the seismic behavior of reinforced-concrete columns
Authors: IŞIK Ercan
Published: June 2022

In reinforced-concrete structural columns, special earthquake reinforcement ties are used as well as longitudinal and transverse reinforcement. Deficiencies related to all these reinforcements can cause different levels of damage to the reinforced-concrete structural elements after the earthquake. Within the scope of this study, a total of eight different structural models were created for the reinforcement-ties effect in reinforced-concrete columns, considering four different reinforcement-tie models and two different reinforcement materials. The period, seismic capacity and target displacement values were obtained for each structural model. In addition, demand, limit and capacity values for shear force were obtained and compared. Material strength and the amount of reinforcement ties used contributed significantly to the seismic behaviour of the structure.
Efectos de los incendios en los suelos forestales de la Comunidad Valenciana. Revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Añó Vidal Carlos , Sánchez Díaz Juan , Carbó Valverde Ester
Published: June 2022

Los incendios pueden modificar las propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas de los suelos afectados por el fuego y aumentar los procesos de escorrentía y erosión. La magnitud de estos cambios dependerá, entre otros factores, de la duración del incendio, la temperatura alcanzada y el tipo de suelo. La importancia de las consecuencias provocadas por el fuego ha generado una extensa bibliografía, fruto de los estudios de diferentes grupos de investigación que han abordado esta temática tanto en el campo como en experimentos controlados de laboratorio. El principal objetivo de este artículo es conocer las aproximaciones metodológicas, resultados y conclusiones a partir de la revisión y análisis de las publicaciones que han estudiado, en la Comunidad Valenciana, las repercusiones de los incendios en las propiedades físicas y químicas del medio edáfico y las consecuencias hidrológicas y erosivas. La información bibliográfica se ha obtenido de Bib-Eron, base de datos en estudios de erosión gestionada por el Departamento de Calidad Ambiental y Suelos (CIDE), que cuenta para el marco territorial de análisis con 123 referencias bibliográficas, editadas entre 1982 y 2022, procedentes de publicaciones periódicas internacionales y nacionales, capítulos de libros, libros y tesis doctorales.
Novel Method of Improving Quality of Service for Voice over Internet Protocol Traffic in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Shakir Abdullah , Alsaqour Raed , Abdelhaq Maha , Alhussan Amal , Othman Mohd , Mahdi Ahmed
Published: June 2022

In recent years, the application of Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) with Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) has been increased.  However, the level of Quality of Service (QoS) for VoIP traffic in MANET, while there is no infrastructure, will reduce when dealing with a large number of calls. In this type of dynamic environment, the developing of a new infrastructure becomes more costly and time-consuming. In this paper, we proposed an efficient method, called the Quality of Service-Nearest Neighbor (QoS-NN), to improve the QoS level for VoIP in order to manage the huge number of calls over MANET network. We utilized the Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) protocol as the underlying routing protocol to implement our proposed method. We evaluated the proposed QoS-NN method using Network Simulator version 2 (NS2). The performance of the proposed QoS-NN method was compared with Lexicographic order method. The comparison was evaluated in terms of R-factor, end-to-end delay, packet loss ratio, and packet delivery ratio performance metrics. In addition, the proposed method evaluated under different network parameters such as VoIP CODECs, node mobility speed, number of calls and number of nodes. The comparison results indicate that the proposed QoS-NN outperform the Lexicographic order method.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the activities of health care personnel
Authors: Popsuyko A. N. , Danilchenko Ya. V. , Batsina E. A. , Trauter M. K. , Makarov S. A. , Artamonova G. V.
Published: June 2022

Highlights. In order to provide medical care to COVID-19 patients, medical workers had to work in conditions of extreme stress. The management systems adapted to such challenges contribute to the creation of more stable and organized structures that require substantial study concerning the medical personnel effectiveness and satisfaction of the job, taking into account the sphere of medical care.

Aim. To examine the impact of the pandemic on the staff activities in the sphere of cardiology.

Methods. The object of the study is medical organization personnel. The subject of the study is the GBUZ “KKKD” personnel opinion. The study periods are 2012 and 2021. Rating questions were coded with a five-point Likert scale. The mean value and standard deviation (M±SD), Pearson Chi-square, p (%) were calculated. The critical level of statistical significance was taken as p≤0.05.

Results. The study showed a significant increase in high estimates of the staff performance both at the unit and organization where the respondent worked. The high subjective ratings are confirmed by the objective data of GBUZ “KKKD” activity in 2021. However, the pandemic situation reflected on the personnel perception of their productivity: there is an increase of high productivity positive assessment both in a structural division and in the whole organization. 2021 survey revealed the conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic which affected the performance of the staff. Among the most significant ones are the following: the lack of necessary reagents, worsening of financial and living conditions, epidemiological restrictions, the lack of actions and orders coordination, heavy workload, fatigue and burnout, the reduction of salary, irresponsibility of patients and their removal to different departments, bureaucracy, the lack of information and staff interaction. The study also showed an increase in the proportion of respondents' answers regarding the inability to work more efficiently from 21.6% in 2012 to 29.4% in 2021, which may be caused by the work stress and the special working conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic. All the reasons why it was impossible to work efficiently during the pandemic were divided into three groups: managerial, personal and clinical-organizational.

Conclusion. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on staff performance is evident judging by the evaluation dynamics in two sociological studies. The prior factors of performance improvement and staff satisfaction include: expansion of social benefits, favorable moral-psychological climate and working conditions. The study shows that in order to achieve the main goals of medical organization in the conditions of insurmountable risk the personnel have a significant role in making organizational decisions.
Optimization of the biological valve appliance prosthetic heart valve
Authors: Ovcharenko E. A. , Onishchenko P. S. , Klyshnikov K. Yu.
Published: June 2022

Highlights. With the use of numerical optimization algorithms, it is possible to qualitatively improve the performance (closing) of the leaflet apparatus of the heart valve prosthesis. Changing the length of the free edge of the lealflet of the prosthesis does not reduce the von Misess stress amplitude and does not change the nature of its distribution on the diagrams.

Aim. Numerical study of the stress-strain state of a clinical heart valve prosthesis from the point of view of the impact of physiological loads and determination of ways to optimize the geometry of the biological leaflet apparatus.

Methods. The object of study was a three-dimensional model of the UniLine (NeoCor, Russia) clinical prosthesis of the heart valve, size 23 mm, as well as four modifications focused on changing the length of the free edge. The study was carried out using the finite element method with imitation of the full cycle of operation of the leaflet apparatus under physiological conditions (pressure, heart rate). The parameters for the analysis were the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the stress-strain state of the work of the five studied geometries.

Results. It is shown that high stress areas are concentrated in two zones peripheral and free edges, regardless of the geometry. However, quantitatively, the von Mises stress amplitudes differed between the studied models. For example, the leaf shape, conventionally designated as “–10” degrees, demonstrated the smallest amplitude of this indicator relative to the original unmodified leaf model, thus reducing by a maximum of 18.8%. However, for the closed state, this model, on the contrary, showed an increase in the voltage index relative to the initial one by 8.3%. Other modification options showed similar trends.

Conclusion. It is shown that despite the initial premise for optimizing the leaflet apparatus – reducing the length of the free edge and eliminating deformations of the closed state, the proposed geometry options did not significantly change the stress distribution map in the material, and also did not allow to significantly reduce the amplitudes of this parameter. Presumably, options for modifying the geometry and/or properties (rigidity, mobility) of another important component of the bioprosthesis, the support frame, which, in addition to the bearing function, provides damping of the hydrodynamic impact on the leaf due to some of its mobility, may become more promising.
Association between cognitive functioning and active life engagement: A time-use study of older adults in rural China
Authors: Liu Huijun , Pei Yaolin , Wu Bei
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to examine the pattern of active life engagement and the association between cognitive functioning and active life engagement among older adults in rural China. Two waves of panel data with the previous day’s activities in a time-use survey were collected among older adults age 60 and older in rural China. Logistic and OLS regressions were used to examine the impacts of cognitive functioning on participation and intensity in six types of activities. The overall active life engagement level of older adults in rural China was relatively low. Cognitive functioning and its decline significantly associated with the active life engagement. Older adults with higher cognitive functioning were more likely to engage in household work, recreational activity, and socially connected activity, and the decline in cognitive functioning was also significantly associated with the lower likelihood of engaging in household work, recreational activity, physical activity, and lower intensity of socially connected activity. Participation in diverse life activities is an important component of successful aging. The findings of this study suggest the need for increasing awareness of the influence of cognition on daily activities. Future interventions need to consider cognitive health to maximize active life engagement in Chinese rural older adults.
Digital Transformation Readiness in Education: A Review
Authors:   Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia, Latifah Rizka , Budiyanto Cucuk Wawan , Saputro Herman
Published: June 2022

Digital transformation has attracted worldwide attention, while education has become the main target for its development. The use of digital transformation in learning facilitates the transition from a face-to-face education system to one based on distance learning. This article used a systematic literature review method to analyze digital transformation readiness in the education sector. We employed the PRISMA approach to select articles and undertook thematic analysis to analyze the data. The data analysis focuses on students’ perceptions and the preparations that teachers and universities must undertake in readiness for digital transformation.
Ovarian function following intra-ovarian injection of platelet rich plasma in premature ovarian aging
Authors: Ishrat Shakeela , Banu Jesmine , Deeba Farzana , Salam Sharmin , Saha Chandana , Akhtar Arifa
Published: June 2022

Background: Premature ovarian aging as evidenced by AMH levels less than 0.5 ng/ml is predictive of reduced success in management of infertility. The most effective treatment is in vitro fertilization which is not affordable or acceptable to most of our patients with low socioeconomic background. Intra-ovarian injection of autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP) improves the ovarian reserve markers but it remains to be seen whether it improves the pregnancy rate.Methods: This was a prospective study of 29 patients with poor ovarian reserve (age between 30-40 years, AMH<0.5 ng/ml), AFC<4 in both ovaries) who received intra ovarian injection of platelet rich plasma. The patients were followed up for one year and data was collected about clinically relevant outcomes like pregnancy.Results: Four women (13.8%) had pregnancy, of which 3 were spontaneous and one was following ovarian stimulation and intrauterine insemination. All had diagnosed clinical pregnancy, of which two women had live birth.Conclusions: Given the 13.8% rate of pregnancy within one year we can speculate that PRP injection may be a reasonable alternative to in vitro fertilization in women with diminished ovarian reserve.
Comparison of optic nerve sheath diameter in preeclampsia and normal pregnancy using ocular USG
Authors: Jan Sabhia , Nazir Ovais , Hussain Asif , Kumar Amit
Published: June 2022

Background: Measurements of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) in intracranial pathologies correlate well with raised ICP. Only recently the usefulness of ocular ultrasonography in preeclampsia has been sought. Objective of current study was the measurement of ONSD in preeclampsia and compare it to healthy pregnant females.Methods: A total of 90 subjects were included and divided into Group I- normal pregnancy (N=30), Group II - mild preeclampsia (N=30), Group III- severe preeclampsia group (N=30) and hemodynamic parameters. Optic nerve sheath diameter measurement is performed with a linear ultrasound probe placed over the eyelid with optic nerve sheath diameter measured 3 mm behind the globe. Patients with preeclampsia were compared to normal pregnant females as controls.Results: Optic nerve sheath diameter was significantly higher in patients with preeclampsia compared to controls (p<0.001). The mean of ONSD in group I was 4.5±0.2 mm, versus 5.7±0.2 mm in group II, versus, 5.9±0.3 mm in group III.Conclusions: Preeclampsia is associated with a significantly higher ONSD compared to normal pregnant females and can be used as a marker of increased ICP in preeclampsia.
Incidence of congenital anomalies in Navodaya Medical College
Authors: D. Rita , Srividya Baitinti , B. R. Geetha
Published: June 2022

Background: Congenital anomalies are defined as structural or functional anomalies including metabolic disorders, that occur during intrauterine life and can be identified antenatally, at birth or later in life. It accounts for 11% of neonatal deaths globally and accounts for 8–18% of perinatal deaths and 10–15% of neonatal deaths in India. Aims and objectives of the research were to study incidence and risk factors associated with congenital anomalies in Navodaya Medical College.Methods: The clinical study was done on 3008 patients over 1 year at Navodaya Medical College Hospital and Research Centre Thorough history, antenatal ultrasound, blood tests, new born babies were examined thoroughly by the paediatrician to detect the congenital malformation. If any internal congenital malformation were suspected further investigation like ultrasonography (USG), echocardiography (ECHO), X-ray, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were done.Results: Out of 3008 cases, 40 babies had congenital anomalies, incidence is 1.3%, most commonly involved system is musculoskeletal system followed by cardiovascular system. Major risk factors associated are extremes of age, parity, lack of ante natal check-ups, no intake of folic acid, maternal diabetes mellitus.Conclusions: Congenital malformations though cannot be prevented totally but can be minimised and if detected early which reduces mental agony in mother and family. Prenatal counselling, periconceptional folate, anomaly scan, prenatal diagnosis reduces the incidence of neonatal and infant morbidity and mortalities in India.
Evaluation of puberty menorrhagia in tertiary care centre
Authors: Yadav Anupama , Kaur Harvinder , . Satyender
Published: June 2022

Background: Puberty menorrohagia is real trouble among adolescent girls mostly due to problem in hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. The objective of the study was to evaluation of causes of puberty menorrhagia in tertiary care hospital.Methods: Present study evaluates 60 adolescent girls of age group 11-19 years attending Gynaecology OPD/IPD with excessive Menstrual bleeding who conform to the Inclusion criteria were recruited for the study in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Deen Dayal Hospital Hari Nagar New Delhi over a period of 1 year (August 2018 to June 2019).Results: Out of 60 patients with puberty menorrohagia 47 had anovulatory DUB, 6 had bleeding disorders, 4 had hypothyroidism and 3 had PCOD.Conclusions: Anovulation caused by immaturity of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis is the most common cause of puberty menorrhagia.
Evaluation of cases of puberty menorrhagia requiring in-patient care
Authors: Varadarajan Reethu , Yoganarasimha Sanjana
Published: June 2022

Background: Heavy menstrual bleeding is defined as excessive menstrual blood loss that interferes with a woman’s physical, social, emotional or material quality of life. Puberty menorrhagia is excessive bleeding occurring between menarche and 19 years. Abnormal bleeding amounts to 50% of gynaecological visits in adolescent girls. The leading cause of puberty menorrhagia is hypothalamic pituitary, ovarian axis immaturity followed by bleeding disorders, endocrine disorders. Excessive blood loss leading to anaemia has a negative impact over the development and quality of life of the adolescent, requiring immediate attention to these cases. The objective was to evaluate the incidence, etiology and management of puberty menorrhagia requiring in-patient care.Methods: A retrospective observational study was done on adolescents admitted for management of puberty menorrhagia in Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences over a period lasting from January 2017 to October 2021 from hospital records.Results: Amongst the 35 admitted, 42% belonged to the age group 10-14 years. 62.8% presented with symptoms lasting less than 6 months. 20% presented with haemoglobin less than 4 gm, 51.4% with haemoglobin between 4 gm to 6 gm, 28.6% with 6 gm to 8 gm. 57.2% patients had anovulatory cycles, 25.7% were PCOS, 11.4% had hypothyroidism and 5.7% had fibroid uterus. 42% ultrasonographies showed PCOS, 5.7% had fibroid uterus. The approach to managing these patients were with a combination of hormone therapy, hematinics, blood transfusion and anti fibrinolytics like tranexemic acid. 20% received tranexemic acid and hematinics. 31.42% received blood, hematinics and tranexemic acid, 11.42% received hematinics, tranexemic acid and thyroxine, 17.14% received blood, hematinics, tranexemic acid and progesterone, 8.57% received hematinics, tranexemic acid and COCs, 11.42% received hematinics, tranexemic acid and progesterone.Conclusions: In conclusion, the leading cause of puberty menorrhagia was anovulatory cycles, followed by PCOS and then by endocrine dysfunction. Medical management was successful in all cases.
Maternal and perinatal outcome in placenta previa: a prospective observational study at a tertiary care hospital in Hanmakonda, Telangana, India
Authors: Manognya Alicatta
Published: June 2022

Background: Placenta previa is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. A multi-disciplinary team approach is necessary to manage this condition. The wide spread use of ultrasonography in obstetrics in current days aided in early diagnosis of placenta previa. The present study was done to evaluate the maternal and fetal outcome in placenta previa in tertiary care centre.Methods: This prospective study was conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Kakatiya Medical College under Government Maternity Hospital, Hanmakonda, Telangana during the period of June 2019 to September 2020.Results:  In present study, total number of placenta previa cases were 42 out of 7564 with an incidence of 0.55%.  Majority were in the age group 20-29 years (88%). The major risk factor was previous caesarean delivery seen in 64.2% cases. The 19% cases presented with breech presentation. Majority were type 2 placenta previa (52.3%). Incidence was more among un booked cases (66.6%). The incidence of post-partum hemorrhage was 16.6%. Hysterectomy was done in 7.14%. Perinatal mortality due to asphyxia was 2.38%, prematurity was 4.76%. Perinatal mortality rate was 1.05%.Conclusions: Placenta previa has significant maternal and fetal risk. Accurate diagnosis, and timely intervention can lead to favourable outcome. Educating patients regarding the complications like post-partum hemorrhage, need for blood transfusions, and taking the neonatologist opinion will reduce the maternal and perinatal complications. Early referral, and proper health education will help in better outcome of both mother and fetus.
Changing trends in fetomaternal outcome in COVID-19 in pregnancy
Authors: Parikh Purvi M. , Vyas Rupa C. , Bhatiya Rekha K. , Shah Sapana R. , Chudasama Tanmay J.
Published: June 2022

Background: This study is to provide an overview of the clinical course and outcome of COVID in pregnancy in both first wave and second wave, to study about different parameters affected significantly in both waves.Methods: This is a retrospective comparative study that was conducted by dividing the patients into group 1 and group 2. Group 1 was treated in 2020 (wave 1) whereas group 2 in 2021 (wave 2). A laboratory confirmed positive cases of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women were included. All the patients were further categorized into mild, moderate and severe subgroups according to the ICMR criteria. Results: The study of the first (2020) and second (2021) wave of COVID-19. In group 1 and group 2, there were a total of 359 cases and 145 cases respectively. In group 1, there were 54/359 (15.04%) moderate cases and in group 2 there were 17/145 (11.72%) moderate cases. While there were 101/359 (28.13%) and 106/145 (73.10%) severe cases in group 1 and group 2 respectively. Most of severe cases of second group associated with breathlessness, tachypnoea and fall in oxygen saturation level ended with mechanical ventilation by O2 mask (7.54%), NRBM (8.49%), HFNC (14.15%), BIPAP (12.26%), invasive ventilation (22.64%). Conclusions: The results of study show that hospitalized patients in the second wave were younger, required hospitalization, and had higher mortality rates.
Broad ligament fibroid in treated breast carcinoma patient
Authors: Makde Shrutika , More Vibha , Gawai Swati , Choudhari Darshana , Nayak Arun
Published: June 2022

Fibroids are the most common benign lesions of the uterus and genital tract and rarely can be extrauterine in origin. The broad ligament fibroids, even though having a low incidence, are the most common extrauterine firoids. This is a case of 36 years old nulliparous woman treated for invasive carcinoma of breast with infertility, with broad ligament fibroid presenting with abdominal pain, reported for its rarity and operative experience.
A rare giant fibroepithelial stromal polyp arising from the areola of breast-a case report
Authors: Meegada Someswara Rao , Noah Bithika
Published: June 2022

Fibro-epithelial stromal polyps (FSP) are benign mesodermal tumors. They are rarely seen in the breast. Most of them arise from the nipple. Other sites of origin are the external auditory canal, the tonsil, the ureter, oropharynx, the nasal vestibule, the eyelid etc. Though the occurrence and the rarity of FSP of nipple have been described previously, a FSP arising from the areola with intact nipple hasn’t been reported in the literature till date.
Absorbable sutures: chronicles and applications
Authors: D’Cunha Prema , Pande Benudhar , Kathalagiri Muralidhar S. , Moharana Ashok Kumar , S. Deepak T. , Pinto Cismitha Sharol
Published: June 2022

Surgical sutures are used to bind tissues together to help in wound closure and healing after surgery or trauma. Surgical suture materials for medical purposes are available in a variety of forms, the most common of which are absorbable and non-absorbable. Absorbable sutures were traditionally exclusively utilised for approximating internal tissues. However, using absorbable sutures in percutaneous wound closure has recently gained popularity. Absorbable sutures provide many advantages, including eliminating the need for another clinic visit to remove the sutures as well as low risk of infections and minimal scarring. One of the recent advances in absorbable sutures: barb sutures, by removing knots, dispersing wound tension, and increasing closure efficiency, have changed the way doctors work on them. Suture material classes have recently been developed based on their qualities and abilities to promote tissue approximation and wound healing. Surgeons should choose an appropriate suture material for tissue approximation which enhances the healing effect and minimises scaring possibilities. To avoid ischemia, excessive wound tension, and tissue damage, it is necessary to understand their properties. Antibacterial agents have also been added to the absorbable suture materials to provide an extra layer of protection by making it more resistant to infection while still maintaining its high tensile strength and good handling. The present article attempts to describe different absorbable suture materials available along with their respective applications.
Demographic profile of COVID-19 patients in the Northern part of Bangladesh
Authors: Zahid M. Abu , Uddin M. Bashir , Islam Mazharul
Published: June 2022

Background: It is a new pandemic; the demographic profile of COVID-19 patients may be helpful for corona virus patients.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the department of cardiology at Rangpur medical college hospital, Rangpur, Bangladesh during July 2020 to December 2020. In total 37 confirmed COVID-19 patients were selected as the study population. Data were collected from patients or their attendants by using a pre-designed structured questionnaire, after having appropriate consent. The statistical package for the Social sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 was used for data analysis.Results: In this study 70% participants were male whereas 30% were female and the ratio was 2.36:1. The mean±SD age of the participants was 56.57±15.96 years. The highest number of participants were from 51-60 years’ age group which was 27.3%, 2.70%, 18.92%, 16.22%, 13.51%, and 21.62% participants were from 21-30, 31-40, 41-50, 61-70 and >70 years of age group respectively. The majority portion of participants were with normal body-weight (BMI: 18.5-24.9) which was in 57% and 43% were with overweight (BMI: 25.0-29.9). More than half of the patients were from Rangpur district which was 54%. The highest number of patients were with cough as a major symptom, which was 51.35%. The highest number of participants were with IHD (64.86%) as a major comorbidity.Conclusions: As per the findings of this study, we can conclude that, middle aged population are mostly being affected by COVID-19 in Bangladesh. The affected number of males were higher than female.
A study on histopathological changes in ectopic tubal gestation
Authors: Rasheed Fathima , Vijayaraghavan Lilarani
Published: June 2022

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is a serious cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Fallopian tube is the most common site. Ectopic pregnancy is often the consequence of chronic salpingitis. The aim of the study was to identify   the various histopathological changes in the fallopian tube, which are removed following an ectopic tubal gestation. The prevalence of various risk factors in ectopic tubal pregnancy was also investigated. Methods: This descriptive study included 160 cases of ectopic tubal gestation received in the department during the study period. Slides were studied for various changes like chronic salpingitis, acute salpingitis, salpingitis isthmica nodosa, endometriosis, tuberculosis etc. Patient’s clinical details were obtained from the medical records.Results: The most frequent pathological finding was chronic salpingitis followed by salpingitis isthmica nodosa. It was noted that all cases with a positive history of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), showed evidence of chronic salpingitis during histopathological examination. Chronic salpingitis was also noted in 45% cases who did not give a history of PID. Among the risk factors, a history of tubal sterilization was the most frequent one.Conclusions: Even though the mortality has reduced, ectopic pregnancy causes significant morbidity and affects the fertility of women. The rise in incidence could be due to increase in prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases, increase in tubal sterilization practices and frequent use of assisted reproduction technology. It is evident from the study that many cases of PIDs are left unidentified.
SINIRDA KARBON DÜZENLEME MEKANİZMASI VE TÜRKIYE’NİN İHRACATINA OLASI ETKİLERİ
Authors: İMER-ERTUNGA Evrim , SEYHUN Ömer Kayhan
Published: June 2022

Çalışmanın amacı henüz oluşum aşamasındaki “Sınırda Karbon Düzenleme Mekanizması” (SKDM)’den olumsuz etkilenebilecek ürünler ile bu kapsamda Türkiye’nin AB’ye yaptığı ihracattaki sektörlerin yapısını incelemektir. Karşılaştırmalı bazı değerlendirmeler yapmak için yakın tarihli TÜİK, EUROSTAT, Birleşmiş Milletler (UN) Comtrade ve Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası veri tabanlarından oluşturulan şekiller ve tablolar kullanılmaktadır. Bulgulardan SKDM ürün gruplarının Türkiye’nin 2021 yılı toplam ihracatındaki büyüklüğünün yüzde 5,1; Türkiye’nin AB-28’e yaptığı ihracattaki büyüklüğünün ise yüzde 10,8 olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Düşük karbonlu üretime geçişte önemli bir dinamiği işaret eden ARGE harcamaların ayrılan pay ana ürün sektörlerinin payının altında kaldığı ve bu ürün sektörlerin istihdamının düşük; yani sermaye kullanımının yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçta politika yapıcılar açısından, orta vadede, öncelikli ürün gruplarının belirlenmesi ve bunların izlenmesi, bu ürün gruplarının düşük karbonlu üretime dönüşüm ile uyumlu sürdürülebilir ve kaynak-etkin geçişinin desteklenmesi ve bu ürün gruplarındaki kredi kanalının anlaşılması önemlidir. SKDM’nin merkezi yönetiminin nasıl yapılacağına yönelik belirsizlikler çalışmadaki yaklaşımları sınırlamaktadır. Bu belirsizlikler ürünler ve ürün gruplarının kapsamları, SKDM Sertifikaları ve SKDM Beyannamelerinin hazırlanması olarak sıralanabilir. Ayrıca SKDM’de karbon maliyetlerinin hesaplanması için temel olan Avrupa Birliği Emisyon Ticaret Sistemi’nde son birkaç yıldır oluşan dalgalanmalar sektörlerin üzerindeki düşük karbonlu üretime geçiş maliyetin hesaplanmasında zorlukları beraberinde getirmektedir.
Association of polymorphism rs10841855 in the glycogen synthase 2 gene with hypercholesterolemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors:   Kursk State Medical University, Azarova Iuliia E. , Korvyakova Yaroslava E. ,   Kursk State Medical University, Glotov Alexander O. ,   Kursk State Medical University, Ivakin Vladimir E. ,   Kursk State Medical University, Polonikov Alexey V. ,   Kursk State Medical University
Published: June 2022

Background: Glycogen synthase 2 (GYS2) catalyzes a key step in glycogenesis in the liver. Loss-of-function mutations in the GYS2 gene are associated with type 0a glycogenosis with characteristic fasting hypoglycemia and postprandial hyperglycemia. The association of the single nucleotide polymorphism rs10841855 (G>T) with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) was first established in the European population, but data on the effect of this variant on the predisposition to T2D in the inhabitants of the Slavic ethnic group of Central Russia are not available in the literature. The aim of the study: To investigate the association of polymorphism rs10841855 (G>T) GYS2 with the risk of T2D in residents of Central Russia. Materials and methods: The study included 2668 unrelated individuals of Slavic origin, including 1387 patients with T2D and 1281 healthy volunteers. Genotyping of the rs10841855 polymorphism of the GYS2 gene was performed by the MassArray Analyzer-4 genetic analyzer. SNPStats software was used for statistical analysis of the data. Results: Linear regression established an association of the alternative rs10841855-T allele (OR 1.25; 95% CI 1.09-1.43; P=0.001) and the rs10841855-G/T genotype (OR 1.37; 95% CI 1, 13-1.66; P=0.0064) of GYS2 with an increased risk of T2D. The sex- and BMI-stratified analysis showed that the association of the rs10841855-G/T genotype (OR 1.71; 95% CI 1.32-2.22; P=0.0001) occurred only in females with BMI>25 kg/m2. In addition, carriage of the rs10841855-T allele was associated with a higher level of total cholesterol in the blood plasma of T2D patients (P=0.0068). According to the Roadmap Epigenomic Consortium, the rs10841855-T allele is associated with H3K4 histone methylation in the enhancer and promoter regions of the GYS2 gene in the liver. Conclusion: The association of rs10841855 of the GYS2 gene with an increased risk of T2D in residents of Central Russia was validated for the first time. The association may be explained by the low transcriptional activity of the glycogen synthase 2 gene in the carriers of the alternative allele of this polymorphism.
The association of inflammatory status and immunological parameters with single-nucleotide polymorphisms of cytokine and Toll-like receptor genes in patients with schizophrenia
Authors:   Kurchatov Institute, Malashenkova Irina K. ,   Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Ushakov Vadim L. ,   Moscow Engineering Physics Institute,   Alekseev Psychiatric Clinical Hospital,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Krynskiy Sergey A. ,   Kurchatov Institute, Ogurtsov Daniil P. ,   Kurchatov Institute, Khailov Nikita A. ,   Kurchatov Institute, Moskvina Svetlana N. ,   Kurchatov Institute, Zakharova Natalia V. ,   Alekseev Psychiatric Clinical Hospital, Chekulaeva Ekaterina I. ,   Kurchatov Institute, Didkovsky Nikolay A. ,   Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Kostyuk Georgiy P. ,   Alekseev Psychiatric Clinical Hospital
Published: June 2022

Schizophrenia is a multifactorial and clinically polymorphic disease with a significant hereditary component. The study of the influence of functionally significant polymorphisms of the genes regulating immune response and inflammation on the immune parameters in patients with schizophrenia is relevant for the development of new methods for predicting the course of the disease and finding new therapy targets. The aim of the study:To study the association of polymorphisms in cytokine and Toll-like receptor genes with the serum levels of immune mediators in patients with schizophrenia. Materials and methods: 95 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 99 healthy volunteers were recruited into the study. Polymorphisms of genes regulating the immune response (IL1B rs1143627, IL4 rs2243250, IL2 rs2069762, IL10 (rs1800896, rs1800872, rs1800871), IFNL rs8099917, IFNL rs12979860, TLR9 rs5743836, TLR9 rs352140, TLR3 rs3775291), the serum level of major cytokines and markers of systemic inflammation were determined. Results: The patients were found to have elevated levels of key pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8 and IL-17A and other markers of systemic inflammation, as well as an increase in the content of antigen-antibody complexes in the bloodstream. Increased frequency of IL10 gene polymorphisms (rs1800896, rs1800872, rs1800871) was revealed in the patients with schizophrenia. A relationship between IL-6 and IL-8 levels and the carriage of IL1B T-511C (rs16944), IL10 1082A (rs1800896), IL10 592 C>A (rs1800872) and TLR3 Leu412Phe (G/A) (rs3775291) single nucleotide polymorphisms was found. Conclusion: The revealed associations may indicate a role of SNPs in cytokine and Toll-like receptor genes in modulating the network genetic interactions underlying certain immunological endophenotypes in the patients. Based on the results of this work and literature data, it is important to further study the relationship of immunogenetic markers in schizophrenia with the immune profiles of the disease and its clinical manifestations, including in larger samples of patients.