bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sindrom Makan Malam, Asupan Serat, dan Pendapatan Rumah Tangga dengan Kejadian Gizi Lebih pada Siswa SMAN 6 Depok
Authors: Putri Salsabila Athirah , Marjan Avliya Quratul , Sofianita Nur Intania , Simanungkalit Sintha Fransiske
Published: January 2024

Latar Belakang: Masalah gizi yang dialami remaja saat ini bergeser pada kondisi gizi lebih yang terdiri dari kegemukan dan obesitas. Gizi lebih ini terjadi ketika terdapat penumpukan lemak yang berlebihan dalam tubuh, dan berpotensi meningkatkan risiko penyakit-penyakit degeneratif seperti hipertensi, diabetes melitus, penyakit jantung, dan lainnya. Berdasarkan Riskesdas 2018, prevalensi gizi lebih remaja secara nasional sebesar 13,5%. Faktor risiko kejadian gizi lebih beberapa diantaranya yaitu genetik, psikologis, asupan energi berlebihan, aktivitas fisik dan tingkat sosial ekonomi. Sindrom makan malam termasuk dalam perilaku makan menyimpang yang berkaitan dengan kegemukan dan obesitas.
Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan sindrom makan malam, asupan serat, dan pendapatan rumah tangga dengan kejadian gizi lebih pada siswa SMAN 6 Depok.
Metode: Desain studi penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional, sampel diambil dengan teknik stratified random sampling sebanyak 100 siswa SMAN 6 Depok. Pengukuran status gizi berdasarkan berat badan dan tinggi badan, sindrom makan malam diukur menggunakan The Night Eating Syndrom Questionnaire, asupan serat  diukur dengan Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) dan pendapatan keluarga diklasifikasikan berdasarkan Upah Minimum Regional (UMR) Kota Depok. Analisis data menggunakan chi-square dan fisher exact.
Hasil: Analisis bivariat menunjukkan sindrom makan malam (p=0,004) memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian gizi lebih. Asupan serat (p=1,00) dan pendapatan rumah tangga (p= 0,954) tidak memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian gizi lebih. Berdasarkan analisis multivariat, faktor yang paling berhubungan dengan gizi lebih adalah sindrom makan malam.
Kesimpulan: Sindrom makan malam merupakan faktor yang paling berhubungan dengan gizi lebih. Peneliti menyarankan untuk menghindari stress, durasi tidur yang cukup dan mengontrol asupan terutama saat malam hari.
Animal-Based Protein Intake is Associated with Stunting in Children in Primary Health Care of Minggir
Authors: Haryani Verrenisa Melati , Putriana Dittasari , Hidayati Ririn Wahyu
Published: January 2024

Background: Stunting in children under fives years of age still become crucial problem. One of the factors that influenced directly to stunting is lack of nutritional intake especially protein. Most of protein consumed by under-fives children must be in high quality such as animal-based protein because it has more complete composition of essential amino acids than plant-based protein.
Objectives: The study aimed to analyzed the association between animal-based protein and stunting in children in Primary Health Care of Minggir.
Methods: This study was analytical observational with cross-sectional design. A total of 50 mothers that have 24–59 months old children were involve in this study and taken by using purposive sampling. Data of animal-based protein intake were collected by SQ-FFQ for the last three months. Height-for-age in z-score was used to determine stunting that were obtained from the last measurement and recorded in Maternal and Child Book. The association between stunting and the animal-based protein intake was analyzed descriptively through cross-tabulation.
Results: More than half of under-five children were stunting (56%). Inadequate animal-based protein intake was observed in 46% of under-fives children. Sources of animal-based protein were eggs, chicken, catfish, ice cream and UHT milk. Children who have adequate animal-based protein intake were not stunted (67%), however children who have inadequate animal-based protein intake were stunted (83%). The prevalence of stunting in children who consume inadequate animal-based protein is 2 times greater than in children who consume adequate animal-based protein (PR: 2.478).
Conclusions: Based on this study, animal-based protein intake is associated with stunting in under-fives children in Primary Health Care of Minggir. Mothers should improve their children’s animal-based protein intake by local food sources supplied from side dishes to prevent stunting.
Factors Associated with Expenditure on Animal Protein among Indonesian Households
Authors: Mauludyani Anna Vipta Resti , Syafiq Ahmad
Published: January 2024

Background: Eating animal protein (AP) can prevent stunting in children under five, which currently is still 21.5%. Due to scarce resources, households had trouble distributing the cost and frequently had to choose between it and other food expenses.
Objectives: This study aimed to examine the relationship between various food expenditures and expenditure on AP among Indonesian households.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using secondary data. Data on household food expenditures on AP, prepared food and beverage, cereals, instant noodles, fruits, cooking oil, cigarette, and sugar, total expenditure, household size, and age and education of household head from 97,467 household samples with children under five were obtained from the National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas) March 2018. Susenas data were collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire. Using IBM SPSS Version 22, a multiple linear regression was carried out, adjusted for household socioeconomic factors.
Results: The average per-capita household expenditure on AP was IDR 24,912, contributing 4.72% to total food expenditure. This expenditure was higher than that on cereals (3.77%) but lower than that on prepared foods and beverages (6.15%). There was a positive association (p<0.001) between fruits, instant noodles, cooking oil, sugar, and beans and nuts expenditure and AP expenditure. Contrarily, there was an inverse relationship between prepared food and beverage (p<0.001), cereals (p=0.004), and cigarette expenditure (p<0.001) and animal protein expenditure.
Conclusions: The amount spent on animal proteins was positively correlated with other food. It is possible that the consumption of animal proteins would increase if household funds were diverted from cigarettes and prepared food and beverage.
Daya Terima Dan Kandungan Fitokimia ( Antioksidan, Serat, Indeks Glikemik, Dan Vitamin C) Pada Minuman Sehat Mar’ke Billar Sebagai Alternatif Pencegahan Obesitas
Authors: Siahaan Ginta , Tarigan Novriani , Siregar Ice Ratnalela
Published: January 2024

Latar belakang: Obesitas merupakan suatu penyakit multifaktorial yang terjadi akibat penyimpanan jaringan lemak yang berlebihan. World Health Organization (WHO) menyatakan obesitas dan overweight merupakan faktor risiko penyebab kematian ke-5 di dunia yaitu berat badan berlebih (overweight) dan kegemukan (obesity). Hasil pemantauan status gizi yang diprakarsai oleh Direktorat Gizi Masyarakat Kemenkes 2018, menyatakan secara nasional status gizi penduduk dewasa >18 tahun berdasarkan IMT di dapatkan orang yang menderita kegemukan 14,6% dan obesitas 28,5%. Sedangkan berdasarkan hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar tahun 2018, terjadi peningkatan orang dewasa di Indonesia mengalami obesitas meningkat, tahun 2013 14.8% meningkat menjadi 21,8%, untuk status gizi lebih terjadi peningkatan dari 11,5% menjadi 13,6%. Obesitas dapat dicegah dengan mengkonsumsi buah dan umbi-umbian yang tinggi serat, vitamin C, kandungan antioksidan dan nilai IGnya rendah.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya terima serta kandungan fitokimia minuman sehat mar’ke billar.
Metode: Penelitian eksperimental dengan desain rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 kali perlakuan dan 2 kali pengulangan. Dari hasil organoleptik yang terpilih paling disukai, diperiksa dan dianalisis kadar total antioksidan, vitamin C, serat dan IGnya.
Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil uji organoleptik didapatkan daya terima tertinggi pada formula 2 dengan formulasi markisa 30 ml, kesemek 50 ml, ubi jalar ungu 50 ml dan air 70 ml. Sedangkan untuk kandungan total antioksidan nilai tertinggi sebesar 39,73 mg/ml, serat 4,0 gr, indiglikemik 0,62 ig, vitamin C 56,81 mg. Formula minuman sehat yang paling disukai berdasarkan uji panelis adalah formula 2 sedangkan berdasarkan kandungan gizi pada formula 2 didapati antioksidan 39,73, serat 4,0 gr, indeksglikemik 62%, dan vitamin c 56,81 mg.
Kata Kunci : Mar’ke Bilar, Organoleptik, Obesitas, Fitokimia, Minuman
Hubungan Kualitas Diet dengan Kadar Glukosa Darah pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Wahyuni Bierliana Rieska , Dewi Agil Dhiemitra Aulia , Hariawan Muhammad Hafizh
Published: January 2024

Latar Belakang: Kualitas diet merupakan komponen penting dalam pengaturan gula darah. Pengaturan gula darah yang efektif dapat secara efektif mengurangi risiko timbulnya komplikasi tambahan dan penyakit kronis. Jumlah penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 (DMT2) di Kota Yogyakarta, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) pada tahun 2021 sebesar 10.635 jiwa dan pada tahun 2022 sebesar 15.588 jiwa.
Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara kualitas diet dengan kadar glukosa darah pada penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di Kota Yogyakarta.
Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dan merupakan penelitian observasional analitik. Pengambilan sampel purposif digunakan untuk memilih peserta, menghasilkan ukuran sampel 63 orang. Kadar glukosa darah yang diperoleh dari sumber sekunder di Puskesmas dijadikan sebagai variabel terikat. Diet Quality Index-International Questionnaire (DQI-I Q) dan Semi-Qualitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) digunakan untuk menilai variabel independen kualitas makanan. Data tersebut dianalisis statistik menggunakan STATA versi 14 dan uji Chi-Square.
Hasil Penelitian: 35,38% respondenyang melaporkan mengonsumsi makanan sehat memiliki kadar glukosa darah normal (kadar glukosa darah saat ini di bawah 200 mg/dL), sedangkan 12,3% responden yang melaporkan mengonsumsi makanan buruk melaporkan kadar glukosa darah hiperglikemik (kadar glukosa darah saat ini melebihi 200 mg/dL). Pada pasien DMT2 tidak terdapat hubungan antara kualitas makanan dengan kadar glukosa darah (p-value=0,397). Namun demikian, korelasi dapat diamati antara kadar glukosa darah dan komponen variasi DQI-I (p-value=0,000) serta keseimbangan keseluruhan (p-value=0,018).
Kesimpulan: Kualitas diet secara keseluruhan tidak berkaitan dengan kadar glukosa darah sewaktu, namun berhubungan pada komponen variasi dan keseimbangan keseluruhan.
Pandangan Ahli Gizi Tentang Pelayanan Gizi Berbasis Gen Di Indonesia
Authors: Putri Sintia Aurilia , Aji Arif Sabta , Sampurno Edi , Aprilia Veriani , Zulfa Ifana Fitria , Alfiana Rina , Hafizhah Rafiqah Dwita , Farhan Alfina Ulfah , Surendran Shelini
Published: January 2024

Latar Belakang: Penyakit kardiometabolik adalah penyebab utama kematian, morbiditas dan pengeluaran perawatan kesehatan polimorfisme nukleotida tunggal berhubungan dengan penyakit dan karakteristik kardiometabolik. Pandangan ahli gizi terhadap pelayanan gizi berbasis genetik memegang peranan penting dalam proses pencegahan dan penanganan dari penyakit-penyakit yang tidak menular tersebut (PTM).
Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran pandangan ahli gizi terhadap pelayanan gizi berbasis gen di Indonesia.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah ahli gizi Indonesia yang berdomisili di lima provinsi besar yaitu DKI Jakarta, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur dan D.I Yogyakarta. Wawancara mendalam dilakukan terhadap enam informan. Teknik sampling yang digunakan purposive sampling tema penelitian adalah pandangan ahli gizi tentang pelayanan gizi berbasis gen sebagai pencegah PTM, pengetahuan ilmu genetik dan tes genetik. Analisis tematik dilakukan dalam menggunakan Nvivo v.12.
Hasil: Pengetahuan ahli gizi terkait genetika dan pelayanan gizi berbasis gen sudah cukup baik, kemudian ahli gizi mengeluhkan biaya tes yang mahal untuk saat ini. Pengetahuan ahli gizi tentang pelayanan gizi berbasis gen sebagai pencegahan PTM sudah baik. Ahli gizi memahami apa itu PTM dan mereka mengaggap tes ini penting sebagai   pencegahan PTM.
Kesimpulan: Ahli gizi memiliki pandangan bahwa pelayanan gizi berbasis gen itu penting untuk pencegahan PTM dan ahli gizi sudah cukup baik mengenai ilmu genetik. Ahli gizi perlu melaksanakan sosialisasi ke masyarakat tentang pentingnya keuntungan tes genetik untuk mencegah PTM agar banyak masyarakat yang berminat untuk melakukan pelayanan gizi berbasis gen.
Peran Ahli Gizi Dalam Memberikan Pelayanan Gizi Berbasis Gen di Indonesia
Authors: Alfiana Rina , Aji Arif Sabta , Samutri Erni , Paratmanitya Yhona , Hafizhah Rafiqah Dwita , Zulfa Ifana Fitria , Putri Sintia Aurilia , Farhan Alfina Ulfah , Surendran Shelini
Published: January 2024

Latar Belakang: Ilmu genetik berkembang sangat pesat memberikan dampak signifikan teradap suatu penyakit yang dapat dicegah dan dikelola oleh tenaga kesehatan professional, tetapi di Indonesia sendiri pengaplikasian dietetik masih belum banyak diketahui oleh karena itu ahli gizi perlu berperan dalam pengaplikasian nutritional genomics ini di dalam praktik kerja dietetik. Peran ahli gizi penting dalam memberikan informasi mengenai bagaimana gizi dan genetik berinteraksi dalam mempengaruhi Kesehatan dan memberikan alternatif intervensi gizi yang lebih dini.
Tujuan: Mengetahui peran ahli gizi dalam memberikan pelayanan gizi berbasis gen di indonesia.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi, yang dilakukan di lima provinsi di Indonesia. Data informan di dapatkan dari penelitian kuantitatif, dengan teknik pengambilan informan yaitu purposive sampling dengan jumlah informan sebanyak enam orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan structured interview dilaksanakan secara online dengan menggunakan Zoom Meeting. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis tematik dengan software NVIVO v.12.
Hasil: Tenaga gizi yang sudah dan yang belum menerapkan pelayanan gizi berbasis gen ini sebagian besar sudah mengetahui terkait pelayanan gizi berbasis gen. Namun, sebagian dari mereka tidak mengetahui terkait definisi nutrigenetik dan nutrigenomik. sebagiannya mengetahui terkait peran tenaga gizi yaitu sebagai konselor untuk memberikan konseling, memberikan saran terkait pola makan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan pasien, memberikan motivasi kepada pasien untuk menjalankan diet sesuai dengan kebutuhan pasien.
Kesimpulan: Peran tenaga gizi dalam memberikan pelayanan gizi berbasis gen yaitu sebagai konselor untuk memberikan konseling, memberikan saran terkait pola makan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan pasien, dan memberikan motivasi kepada pasien untuk menjalankan diet sesuai dengan kebutuhan pasien.
PERAN PASANGAN DALAM KEBERLANGSUNGAN MENYUSUI : TINJAUAN SISTEMATIK STUDI KUALITATIF
Authors: Pratiwi Bintang Agustina , Kartini Apoina , Jati Sutopo Patria , Sriatmi Ayun
Published: January 2024

Latar Belakang: ASI merupakan makanan terbaik untuk bayi. Untuk keberlangsungan pemberian ASI kepada bayi ibu memerlukan dukungan dari pasangan, sehingga proses menyusui berjalan sesuai harapan pasangan.
Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi bentuk dukungan yang dilakukan oleh pasangan dalam keberlangsungan menyusui.
Metode : Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan melalui telaah sistematis atas penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan tiga basis data, yakni PubMed, Scopus, dan ScienceDirect, yang diterbitkan dari tahun 2014 hingga 2023. Daftar Periksa Penilaian Kritis JBI untuk penelitian Kualitatif digunakan untuk memuat secara kritis publikasi yang disertakan . Pada tahapan akhir diperoleh sebanyak tujuh studi.
Ulasan: Dalam konteks menyusui, "dukungan suami" dapat mengacu pada beberapa jenis bantuan, termasuk dukungan emosional, mencari informasi menyusui, membantu pekerjaan ibu, membantu dalam pengasuhan, menjadi teman curhat ibu dan dukungan finansial. Hanya dua dari tujuh penelitian yang menunjukkan menerima dukungan finansial untuk menggantikan peran suami. Dukungan dari pasangan membuat ibu merasa lebih percaya diri untuk menyusui bayinya. Jawaban yang positif dari pasangan akan membantu ibu merasa lebih nyaman saat menyusui anaknya.
Kesimpulan: Tinjauan sistematis ini dapat menjadi referensi untuk pengembangan penelitian di masa depan dengan mempertimbangkan fenomena dukungan pasangan untuk partisipasi menyusui.
Development and Validation of a Pathomics Model Using Machine Learning to Predict CXCL8 Expression and Prognosis in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Wang Weihua , Ruan Suyu , Xie Yuhang , Fang Shengjian , Yang Junxian , Li Xueyan , Zhang Yu
Published: January 2024

Objectives. The necessity to develop a method for prognostication and to identify novel biomarkers for personalized medicine in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cannot be overstated. Recently, pathomics, which relies on quantitative analysis of medical imaging, has come to the forefront. CXCL8, an essential inflammatory cytokine, has been shown to correlate with overall survival (OS). This study examined the relationship between CXCL8 mRNA expression and pathomics features and aimed to explore the biological underpinnings of CXCL8.Methods. Clinical information and transcripts per million mRNA sequencing data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-HNSCC dataset. We identified correlations between CXCL8 mRNA expression and patient survival rates using a Kaplan-Meier survival curve. A retrospective analysis of 313 samples diagnosed with HNSCC in the TCGA database was conducted. Pathomics features were extracted from hematoxylin and eosin–stained images, and then the minimum redundancy maximum relevance, with recursive feature elimination (mRMR-RFE) method was applied, followed by screening with the logistic regression algorithm.Results. Kaplan-Meier curves indicated that high expression of CXCL8 was significantly associated with decreased OS. The logistic regression pathomics model incorporated 16 radiomics features identified by the mRMR-RFE method in the training set and demonstrated strong performance in the testing set. Calibration plots showed that the probability of high gene expression predicted by the pathomics model was in good agreement with actual observations, suggesting the model’s high clinical applicability.Conclusion. The pathomics model of CXCL8 mRNA expression serves as an effective tool for predicting prognosis in patients with HNSCC and can aid in clinical decision-making. Elevated levels of CXCL8 expression may lead to reduced DNA damage and are associated with a pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment, offering a potential therapeutic target.
Deviations from the Teachings of Ma’had Al-Zaytun: A Review on MUI (Indonesian Ulema Council) Recommendations Toward Aswaja Ideology
Authors: Akhyar Yundri , Ningsih Wirda
Published: January 2024

In 2002, a research team from the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) conducted research related to Ma’had Al-Zaytun. Deviation from the Teachings of Ma’had Al-Zaytun may occur in certain instances as the institution takes into consideration recommendations from the MUI (Indonesian Ulema Council). These recommendations serve as guidance for aligning their teachings with the religious principles and values upheld by the wider Muslim community in Indonesia. The research aims to determine some information regarding Ma'had Az-Zaitun cases, including Ma'had Az-Zaitun's religious activities and deviant religious teaching based on MUI. This study employs a qualitative case study methodology approach.   The data was taken from news articles, journal articles, books, YouTube interviews, papers and other sources. Research shows that Panji Gumilang, as the leader of Ma'had Az-Zaitun and a teacher, engages in deviant religious teachings and practices that are against Aswaja’s doctrine. The derivations are Allowing adultery in certain conditions, allowing women in the front row in shalat, allowing women as khatib, and allowing women and non-Muslims in the same prayer row, following the madhab of Bung Karno, singing 'havenu shalom aleichem' which is thick with Judaism, Al-Qur’an based on what Muhammad prophet words, and interpreting the Al-Quran haphazardly which does not comply with the methodology of scientific interpretation of verses, both in terms of the evidence used or the madlul or meaning.
Association of an eight-gene signature prognosis model with tumor immunity in medulloblastoma
Authors: Han DongMing , Jia Zetian , Zou Wanjing , Liu Raynald , Hu Yuhua , Qiu Xiaoguang , Li Chunde , Liu Hailong , Li Jiankang , Jiang Tao
Published: January 2024

Background
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in cancer progression. We investigated TME-specific gene signatures and established a risk score to predict the outcome of medulloblastoma (MB) patients.
Methods
We evaluated TME parameters of 240 MB patients at Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical University with the ESTIMATE algorithm. Co-expression network analysis of differentially expressed and weighted genes (WGCNA) was used to identify intersecting genes. Using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and backward stepwise regression we obtained a TME-associated risk score (TMErisk) based on eight prognostic gene signatures (CEBPB, OLFML2B, GGTA1, GZMA, TCIM, OLFML3, NAT1, and CD1C), verified in a GEO dataset (GSE85217).
Results
The correlation between TMErisk and TME, immune checkpoint, mRNAsi, and tumor mutation burden (TMB) was analyzed. MB patients’ response to immunotherapy was evaluated using immune-phenoscore (IPS) and drug sensitivity. A high TMErisk score indicated a worse overall survival. TMErisk scores were negatively correlated with immune cells, immune checkpoints, and human leukocyte antigens. TMErisk scores correlated significantly negatively with TMB and IPS for specific molecular subtypes. Tumor mRNAsi was associated with TME-risk.
Conclusions
A prognostic model based on TME-specific gene signatures may be used as a biomarker for evaluating prognosis and predicting response to immunotherapy in MB patients.
Forecast of Guangzhou port logistics demand based on BP-NN
Authors: Lyu Shiqi , Feng Junjia , Liu Lianhua
Published: January 2024

In recent years, the port economy of our country has developed rapidly. Guangzhou Port is an important node of the maritime transportation of the Belt and Road, connecting the hinterland economy of our country with the countries along the Belt and Road, which is of great significance to promote the economic development of the hinterland of our country. It is of great significance to predict the freight development demand of Guangzhou port scientifically and reasonably, which is beneficial to optimize the infrastructure construction and logistics system planning of Guangzhou port. This paper selects the port cargo throughput, foreign trade cargo throughput, container cargo throughput three index values to measure the freight development of Guangzhou port. Firstly, the GM(1,1) model and BP neural network model are constructed to predict the freight demand of Guangzhou port. Then, the GM(1,1) model and BP neural network model are combined to predict again. By comparing the three models, the results show that the accuracy of the combined model is better than that of the single model. The combined model of BP neural network and GM(1,1) can be effectively applied in the prediction of Guangzhou port logistics demand. Finally, the combined model of BP neural network and GM(1,1) is used to forecast the freight development demand of Guangzhou Port in 2022–2024, which provides reference for the development planning of Guangzhou Port.
High grazing pressure accelerates changes in community assembly over time in a long-term grazing experiment in the desert steppe of northern China
Authors: Kang Sarula , Wang Zhongwu , Zhao Mengli , Wu Saqila , Zhang Xia , Zhu Lin , Han Guodong
Published: January 2024

Although numerous studies have shown that grazing gives rise to community succession at the species level, there is a lack of discussion about how grazing drives community assembly based on plant functional traits in a long-term experiment. We find different grazing intensities lead to temporal effects on trait-mediated multidimensional community assembly processes, including community weighted trait mean (CWM), trait filtering, and trait distribution (divergence/convergence). CWM, trait filtering, and trait distribution of different traits transformed over the 16-years grazing experiment. Major findings include the following: (1) CWM changed rapidly under higher grazing intensity, and the removal of unsuitable traits from communities over time was accelerated with grazing intensity. (2) Patterns of trait filtering strongly depended on grazing intensity and trait types, most traits were filtered at high grazing intensity area, and relative effects of trait filtering in the community assembly process strengthened with grazing time. (3) Traits related to the cycling of biological matter more frequently diverged after long-term grazing, especially in higher grazing areas. This reflects the importance of resource capture partitioning within species, giving priority to maintaining the basic biological matter cycle of the ecosystem under the long-term nutrient deficiency experienced by plants with overgrazing. These results showed that community assembly in this vulnerable ecosystem experiencing intense grazing takes more than a decade to develop and maintain fundamental ecosystem functions, such as biological matter cycling. We are also reminded of the importance of establishing grazing intensity thresholds to maintain sustainable utilization of grasslands in the desert steppe.
The design of evaluation algorithm for second language acquisition efficiency in oral English teaching based on students' psychological anxiety
Authors: Chen Lili , Chen Yanling
Published: January 2024

Psychological anxiety is one of the significant factors that affect the effectiveness of second language acquisition in oral English teaching. In order to improve the effectiveness of students' second language acquisition, an evaluation algorithm for the effectiveness of second language acquisition in oral English teaching based on students' psychological anxiety was designed. The evaluation indicator system of second language acquisition effectiveness in the initial oral English teaching is constructed from two aspects of main factors and objective factors; Considering the redundancy of indicator information in the initial indicator system, the circle ill-condition index analysis method is used to screen the evaluation indicators in the initial evaluation indicator system and determine the final evaluation indicator system. A comprehensive evaluation model based on improved fuzzy sets is built, entropy weight method is used to calculate the weight of different evaluation indicators, and on this basis, max-min composite calculation method is used to obtain the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation results of the evaluation indicators. According to the maximum membership criteria, it can determine the evaluation level of second language acquisition effectiveness in oral English teaching, and achieve the second language acquisition effectiveness evaluation. The experimental results show that the algorithm can obtain accurate evaluation results based on a highly scientific evaluation indicator system, and effectively improve the effectiveness of students' second language acquisition.
Assessing the impacts of biogeochemical drivers and land cover changes on vegetation in the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration, China
Authors: Jin Zihan , Zhao Anzhou , Tian Xinle
Published: January 2024

Vegetation is affected by the complex urban environment. Exploring vegetation change trends from an urban-rural gradient perspective can help understand the response of vegetation to urbanization and provide scientific basis for predicting future vegetation change. Based on Landsat data processed in the Google Earth Engine (GEE) environment, Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) change in the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration from 2000 to 2020 was calculated, and EVI change was analyzed from the perspective of the urban-rural gradient and different city sizes. Then, the impacts of biogeochemical driving factors and land cover changes to the EVI trend were investigated. The results showed that: (1) The EVI trends of the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration had a "V"-shaped characteristic along with the urban-rural gradient. The EVI trends for the urban cores (UC), urban new towns (UNT), urban fringes (UF), rural fringes (RF), and rural backgrounds (RB) were 0.0459 ± 0.0080/10a, 0.0347 ± 0.0093/10a, -0.0090 ± 0.0121/10a, 0.0738 ± 0.0075/10a and 0.0817 ± 0.0082/10a, respectively. (2) From the perspective of different city sizes, EVI in the UC, UNT, and UF increased as city size increased. EVI in the UC, UNT, and UF respectively increased from 0.0333 ± 0.0058/10a, 0.0281 ± 0.0077/10a, and − 0.0189 ± 0.0082/10a in small towns to 0.0520 ± 0.0091/10a, 0.0402 ± 0.0120/10a, and − 0.0114 ± 0.0042/10a in megacities. (3) EVI change in the UC was mainly affected by urban biogeochemical driving factors (UBD), and its contribution rate was 51.9%. EVI change in UNT was mainly affected by UBD, background biogeochemical drivers (BBD) and urban expansion or densification (UED), which had contribution rates of 37.2%, 30.7%, and − 29.6%, respectively. EVI change in the UF was mainly affected by UED, and its contribution rate was − 51.9%. EVI change in RF and RB were mainly affected by BBD, with contribution rates of 70.2% and 94.0%, respectively. (4) The contribution rates of UBD in the UC, UNT, and UF generally in-creased as city size increased. The above results indicate that biogeochemical drivers and land cover changes jointly regulate EVI change trends in the urban-rural gradient of the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration, which can help assess the impact of complex environmental changes on vegetation changes in urban regions.
Moisture prediction of municipal sludge drying process using BP neural network modeling and genetic algorithm optimization
Authors: Zhang Kaiqiang , Wang Xiaolei , Wang Ningfeng
Published: January 2024

The detection of internal moisture during the municipal sludge drying process is challenging. To explore the dynamic changes in internal moisture during the hot air drying process of municipal sludge and achieve accurate predictions of moisture content(MC) throughout the drying process, experiments were conducted to monitor the moisture variations of municipal sludge under different drying temperatures (50, 60, 70℃), sludge layer thicknesses (5, 10, 15mm), and flow pressure differentials (0.61, 0.85, 1Kpa). Drying time, drying temperature, sludge layer thickness, and flow pressure differential were employed as input variables, while moisture ratio served as the output variable. Predictive models for MC during the hot air drying of municipal sludge were established using both Back Propagation (BP) neural network and Genetic Algorithm-optimized BP (GA-BP) neural network algorithms. Additionally, the drying characteristic curves obtained from experiments were nonlinearly fitted to seven different mathematical models. The results revealed that temperature exerted the most significant influence on the drying process of municipal sludge. Reducing the sludge layer thickness enhanced the drying rate of municipal sludge. The moisture reduction rate of municipal sludge exhibited a trend of initially rapid reduction followed by a slower decline throughout the entire drying process. The Page model demonstrated greater accuracy in describing the hot air drying process of municipal sludge compared to other models. Validation and error analysis of the BP and GA-BP moisture prediction models were performed, with coefficient of determination for both models' test sets reaching 0.99978 and 0.99989, and root mean square errors at 0.49148 and 0.29468, respectively. This indicates that the predictive model established by the GA-BP algorithm exhibits superior performance in accurately predicting the dynamic changes in moisture during the drying process of municipal sludge. The research findings provide a theoretical basis for optimizing municipal sludge drying processes and guiding the efficient utilization of municipal sludge resources.
Keywords: Municipal sludge, Drying characteristics, Genetic algorithm, Neural network, Moisture prediction, Sensitivity analysis
Altered Hippocampal Connectivity is Associated With Cognitive Impairment in Migraine Patients
Authors: Yulug Burak , Ayyildiz Behcet , Sayman Dila , Cankaya Seyda , Duran Umutcan , Ucak Aydogan Dogukan , Karaca Ramazan , Ayyildiz Sevilay , Ozdemir Ece , Ozsimsek Ahmet , Lakadamyali Hatice , Sayman Ceyhun , HANOGLU LUTFU , Salar Ali Behram , Altay Ozlem , Velioglu Halil Aziz , Mardinoglu Adil
Published: January 2024

Background: The pathogenesis of the cognitive impairment associated with migraine is still unknown. However, the recurrence rate is rising rapidly, and recent studies suggest that migraine patients may be at an increased risk of dementia. The aim of the current study is to investigate alterations in hippocampal subfield functional connectivity and volume in patients with migraine.
Methods: Ninety participants were recruited consecutively from the Alanya University Neurology Department Headache Clinic, 49 patients with migraine and 41 healthy controls. All participants underwent functional and T1-weighted anatomical imaging. Seed-based functional connectivity analysis was conducted using the CONN toolbox program, while hippocampal subfield volumes were analyzed using FreeSurfer.
Findings: Significant differences were observed in terms of some specific hippocampal subfield volumes. We also found that the left-CA3, left-HATA, and right-fimbria exhibited functional differences between the two groups that were significantly correlated with cognitive scores (linear regression results).
Interpretation: Our findings suggest that functional and structural brain alterations may play a critical role in comparatively earlier stages of migraine with cognitive impairment, leading to migraine patients exhibiting subtle cognitive symptoms associated with critical brain network and structural changes that may have a particular impact on the likelihood of developing dementia. To summarize, the current investigation, to the best of our knowledge the first of its kind, revealed considerable functional and structural changes in the hippocampus correlated with cognitive performances in migraine patients.
Funding: This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Longitudinal associations between exclusive, dual and polytobacco use and respiratory illness among youth
Authors: Zavala-Arciniega Luis , Cook Steven , Hirschtick Jana , Xie Yanmei , Mukerjee Richa , Arenberg Douglas , Barnes Geoffrey D. , Levy David T. , Meza Rafael , Fleischer Nancy
Published: January 2024

Background
The health consequences of polytobacco use are still well not understand. We evaluated prospective associations between exclusive, dual, and polytobacco use and diagnosed bronchitis, pneumonia, or chronic cough among US youth.
Methods
Data came from Waves 1–5 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. We categorized time-varying past 30-day tobacco use into seven categories: (1) non-current use; exclusive use of 2) cigarettes, 3) electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), or 4) other combustible products (OC; pipes, hookah, and cigars); dual use of 5) ENDS + cigarettes or ENDS + OC 6) cigarettes + OC; or 7) polyuse of all three products. The outcome was incident diagnosis of bronchitis, pneumonia, or chronic cough. We conducted weighted multilevel Poisson models (person n = 17,517, 43,290 observations) to examine the longitudinal exposure-outcome relationship, adjusting for covariates: sex, age, race and ethnicity, parental education, body mass index, secondhand smoke exposure, and household use of combustible products
Results
Compared to nonuse, exclusive cigarette use (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) = 1.83, 95% CI 1.25–2.68), exclusive ENDS use (IRR = 1.53, 95% CI 1.08–2.15), combustible product + ENDS dual use (IRR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.18–3.04), cigarettes + OC dual use (IRR = 1.96, 95% CI 1.11–3.48), and polytobacco use (IRR = 3.06 95% CI 1.67–5.63) were associated with a higher incidence of bronchitis, pneumonia, or chronic cough.
Conclusion
We found that exclusive, dual, and poly tobacco use was associated with higher incidence of bronchitis, pneumonia, or chronic cough; Moreover, the incidence rate ratio for polytobacco use was higher than the incidence rate ratio for exclusive use compared to non-current use.
Preparation and properties of Mg-Nd binary alloy MAO/SiO2@α-Fe2O3 organic composite coating
Authors: Jiang Quantong , Sun Qiang , Wu Siwei , Liu Chang , Tang Heng , Shi Hao , Song Liying , Duan Jizhou , Hou Baorong
Published: January 2024

An organic coating of about 40 mm was sprayed on the MAO coating containing Yb2O3. The main components of the organic coating are a mixture of SiO2 and α-Fe2O3 with mass ratios of 20%, 22.5% and 25%, and three different MAO/SiO2 @ α-Fe2O3 organic composite coatings are prepared. The morphology, roughness, microstructure and chemical composition of the organic composite coating are characterized. The results show that after coating the organic composite coating, the roughness of the coating is significantly reduced, and the compactness and interlayer adhesion of the coating are significantly improved. The electrochemical test and SKPFM test of the organic composite coating were carried out. The results showed that with the increase of the mass ratio of SiO2 and α-Fe2O3, the corrosion resistance and stability of the organic composite coating increased, and the Volta potential also gradually moved up. The microwave absorbing properties of organic composite coatings were studied by vector network analyzer. The results show that the microwave absorbing properties of the coatings are positively correlated with the mass ratio of SiO2 and α-Fe2O3.
Plasmodium vivax severe malaria case in a children patient in Saint- Louis, Senegal
Authors: Sow Doudou , Sall Aminata , Lo Aminata , Makalou Demba , Lodholz Sara , Esser Markus , Demarta-Gatsi Claudia , Ndiaye Jean Louis Abdourahim
Published: January 2024

Background: Infections caused by Plasmodium vivax are underestimated in Sub-Saharan Africa. Several cases have been reported in recent years including in Duffy-negative individuals. Most of the cases are uncomplicated, however severe infections can occur with sometimes poor outcomes. Here, we report the first case of Plasmodium vivax severe infection reported in the north of Senegal.
Case presentation: MDD, 12 years old female patient aged has been received at the hospital for fever, abdominal pain and vomiting. The physical examination has revealed a jaundice and a hepatomegaly. The ultrasound exam has confirmed a hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. The biological examination has revealed a severe anemia (Hb=5.5 g/dl), a low level of platelets (92 103 /mm3). The thick and thin blood film yielded negative result at the admission. However, 10 days after hospitalization, the microscopic parasitological examination yielded for the first-time positive result for Plasmodium with parasite density at 660 trophozoites/mL. The medical staff has retained the diagnosis of severe malaria and started the treatment with artesunate. The control of the Giemsa-stained blood smear done several days after was still positive. A first real time PCR has revealed the diagnosis of Plasmodium vivax and the primaquine has been added to the treatment.
The case was confirmed by a sequencing method which has revealed three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Among these SNPs, two have never been described before.
Conclusion: This report has shown the presence of Plasmodium vivax in the north of Senegal which shared a border with Mauritania, an endemic Plasmodium vivax setting. Suggesting a need to improve the surveillance of this pathogen in Senegal and surrounding regions.
Metabolomic profiling of cancer-related fatigue involved in cachexia and chemotherapy
Authors: Okinaka Yuki , Kageyama Susumu , Goto Toshiyuki , Sugimoto Masahiro , Tomita Atsumi , Aizawa Yumi , Kobayashi Kenichi , Wada Akinori , Kawauchi Akihiro , Kataoka Yosky
Published: January 2024

Patients with advanced cancer are frequently burdened with a severe sensation of fatigue called cancer-related fatigue (CRF). CRF is induced at various stages and treatments, such as cachexia and chemotherapy, and reduces the overall survival of patients. Objective and quantitative assessment of CRF could contribute to the diagnosis and prediction of treatment efficacy. However, such studies have not been intensively performed, particularly regarding metabolic profiles. Here, we conducted plasma metabolomics of 15 patients with urological cancer. The patients with and without fatigue, including those with cachexia or chemotherapy-induced fatigue, were compared. Significantly lower concentrations of valine and tryptophan were observed in fatigued patients than in non-fatigued patients. In addition, significantly higher concentrations of polyamine pathway metabolites were observed in patients with fatigue and cachexia than in those without cachexia. Patients with exacerbated fatigue due to chemotherapy showed significantly decreased cysteine and methionine metabolism before chemotherapy compared with those without fatigue exacerbation. These findings suggest that plasma metabolic profiles could help improve the diagnosis and monitoring of CRF.
Systematic review and meta-analysis: Pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions for disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
Authors: zhang Yuhan , Zhang Wenxuan
Published: January 2024

Background
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is a relatively new diagnostic approach that focuses on describing severe, non-episodic irritability and recurrent outbursts of emotional instability in adolescents.
Methods
This meta-analysis examined the efficacy of the available pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions for DMDD. Literature searches were conducted in July 2023. To determine relevant papers, 330 abstracts were reviewed, and 39 articles were identified for full review. A random-effects model was used for the meta-analysis, and a subgroup analysis was used to assess the effects of study design and intervention type. Eleven studies were included (six pharmacological and five nonpharmacological).
Results
Despite high heterogeneity in effects (I²=85%), we showed statistically significant improvement to irritability symptoms following intervention (standardized mean difference = 0.78, 95% confidence interval = 0.21–1.36, Z = 2.68, P༜0.05). The subgroup analysis showed that, compared with randomized controlled trials (RCTs), participants in open trials showed significant improvement in irritability. Additionally, drug intervention significantly improved irritability compared to non-drug interventions. Atomoxetine, optimized stimulants, or stimulants combined with other drugs and behavioral therapy effectively improved irritability. However, large-sample RCTs are needed to explore DMDD treatment without potential influencing factors.
Conclusion
In conclusion, treatment strategies for persistent non-periodic irritability in youths with DMDD are diverse, and because of DMDD symptoms and its intersection with other diseases, it is necessary to combine multiple treatment strategies.
Design of Power Efficient Analog to Digital Converter
Authors: Malathi D , Nandha T , Nithish S , Naresh S P
Published: January 2024

Analog to Digital Converters (ADCs) plays a critical role in modern electronic systems, enabling the conversion of continuous analog signals into digital representations which require low power consumption and high conversion efficiency. The demand for low- power electronic devices continue to grow; efficient ADCs play a crucial role in power- sensitive applications. The design and comparative analysis of three distinct ADC architectures, namely Flash, Successive Approximation Register (SAR), and Sub ranging, all implemented in a 180nm Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology with a focus on achieving low power consumption. The Flash ADC, known for its high-speed conversion in a single step, is examined in terms of power efficiency, especially as it relates to its suitability for high-speed applications. The SAR ADC, characterized by its iterative approximation process, is assessed for its power consumption during precise conversions. Subranging ADCs, combining speed and resolution through multi- stage conversion, are analyzed for their power efficiency and effectiveness in balancing these attributes. The average power of the three ADCs with resolution of 4 bits is compared. From the existing ADC average power is reduced 25% for Flash, 36% for SAR and 34% for Subranging ADC and the most effective architecture is Subranging ADC with an average power of 3.125 mW.
Diffusion Model-based Probabilistic Downscaling for 180-year East Asian Climate Reconstruction
Authors: Luo Jing-Jia , Ling Fenghua , Lu Zeyu , Bai Lei , Behera Swadhin , Jin Dachao , Pan Baoxiang , Jiang Huidong , Yamagata Toshio
Published: January 2024

As our planet is entering into the “global boiling” era, understanding regional climate change becomes imperative. Effective downscaling methods that provide localized insights are crucial for this target. Traditional approaches, including computationally-demanding regional dynamical models or statistical downscaling frameworks, are often susceptible to the influence of downscaling uncertainty. Here, we address these limitations by introducing a diffusion probabilistic downscaling model (DPDM) into the meteorological field. This model can efficiently transform data from 1° to 0.1° resolution. Compared with deterministic downscaling schemes, it not only has more accurate local details, but also can generate a large number of ensemble members based on probability distribution sampling to evaluate the uncertainty of downscaling. Additionally, we apply the model to generate a 180-year dataset of monthly surface variables in East Asia, offering a more detailed perspective for understanding local scale climate change over the past centuries.
Investigation on acoustic emission characteristics of fault stick-slip under different lateral pressures
Authors: Ding Ling , Zhao Yangfeng , Pan Yishan , Fan Yi
Published: January 2024

To explore the effect of different stress environments on fault-slip rockburst. The bidirectional shear friction experiments with different lateral pressures were conducted on pre-cracked syenogranites buried at 800m. The macroscopic statistical parameters (cumulative AE events, magnitude and b value) and local characteristic parameters (amplitude and dominant frequency) of acoustic emission during the stick-slip process under different lateral pressures were investigated. Besides, based on the fractal theory, the nonlinear characteristics of AE wave and its spectrum were analyzed. On this basis, the microscopic mechanism of fault stick-slip was discussed. The results show that the lateral pressure influences the friction strength of the fault and stick-slip characteristics. With the increase of lateral pressure, the proportion of transgranular shear fracture is increased, which leads to the increase of cumulative AE events and magnitude. The periodic decrease of b value is more significant at high lateral pressure. There is a good correlation between the high-magnitude AE event and the stress drop. The box-counting fractal dimension of AE waveform can reﬂect the difference of energy released during fault stick-slip. The AE frequency with phased response characteristics can effectively identify the evolution of the fault stick-slip instability at the laboratory scale. The sharp increase in the amplitude of dominant frequency can be regarded as one of the precursory features of fault stick-slip instability. AE frequency spectra have multifractal characteristics, which are different in different stages. The maximum multifractal dimension and spectral width can reﬂect the fracture scale of asperities.