bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemanfaatan YouTube untuk Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Materi Teks Eksplanasi di SMP
Authors: Mu’allimatin Najihah  , Asep Purwo Yudi Utomo  , Alfiyani Nur Safitri  , Sahrul Mubarok
Published: September 2024

Pembelajaran yang baik perlu rencana yang sistematis supaya dapat terlaksana dengan efektif dan efisien. Berdasarkan observasi profiling peserta didik yang pernah penulis lakukan, peserta didik lebih mudah memahami informasi jika materinya disajikan dalam bentuk audio visual. Contoh bentuk media audio visual yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam pembelajaran adalah YouTube. Ada dua tujuan dalam penelitian ini: (1) memaparkan pemanfaatan YouTube untuk pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia materi teks eksplanasi pada peserta didik kelas VIII C SMP N 2 Semarang dan (2) memaparkan respon peserta didik terhadap pemanfaatan YouTube untuk pembelajaran teks eksplanasi. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu kualitatif deskriptif. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah guru bahasa Indonesia dan 33 peserta didik kelas VIII C. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan melakukan observasi dan angket. Instrumen data penelitian ini yakni berupa lembar observasi guru serta angket dengan menggunakan model skala likert. Hasil pemanfaatan YouTube dalam materi pembelajaran teks eksplanasi menunjukkan kriteria “Sangat Baik” dengan persentase yang diperoleh dari 12 aspek penilaian lembar observasi pendidik yaitu 93,75%. Untuk memperkuat data tersebut, penulis juga memberikan data yang didapatkan melalui angket yaitu respon peserta didik Data respon peserta didik menunjukkan kriteria “Memenuhi” dengan tingkat pencapaian 3,28 berdasarkan patokan pada interval 3,01-3,99.
Analisis Asas Terang dan Tunai dalam Investasi Saham Pada Perseroan Terbatas (Tertutup)
Authors: Andi Ari Setiawan Amrullah
Published: September 2024

Asas terang dan tunai adalah satu diantara asas yang diketahui pada hukum agraria dan pertanahan. Asas ini merupakan ketentuan dari hukum adat yang kemudian diadopsi pada hukum nasional. Asas terang dan tunai merupakan sebuah konsepsi yang bisa ditafsirkan sebagai wujud transparansi dan keterbukaan saat melakukan transaksi. Terang bisa dimaknai bahwa perbuatan jual beli harus dilaksanakan di hadapan pejabat yang mempunyai wewenang terkait hal tersebut, dalam hal jual beli tanah yakni Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah, sementara tunai bisa dimaknai sebagai wujud pembayaran yang dilakukan seketika saat transaksi terjadi berdasar pada persetujuan para pihaknya tentang jumlah yang harus dibayarkan. Namun, dalam jual beli/investasi saham, hal yang demikian belum menjadi perhatian bagi para pihak. Cukup banyak sengketa yang terjadi yang diakibatkan tidak diterapkannya asas terang dan tunai saat melakukan investasi saham. Hal ini kemudian menarik minat Penulis untuk menganalisis sejauh mana aturan/ketentuan asas terang dan tunai pada investasi/jual beli (pemindahan hak) atas saham serta implikasi yang terjadi ketika tidak melaksanakan ketentuan tersebut.
WOMAN’S LANGUAGE FEATURES USED BY FEMALE CHARACTERS IN “A STAR IS BORN” MOVIE
Authors: Ni Kadek Sindy Arista  , Ni Luh Sutjiati Beratha  , Ni Wayan Sukarini
Published: September 2024

This undergraduate thesis is entitled Woman’s Language features used by the main female character in “A Star is Born” movie. It is aimed to identifying the types of women’s language features and described the context of the situation that influenced women’s language found in the movie. This undergraduate thesis used the documentation method for collecting data. The data was collected from the movie by watching the movie, reading the movie script as well as seen at the subtitle of the movie. Then identify the women’s language features in the dialogue and analyze it using Lakoff’s theory and the theory by Halliday to analyze the context of the situation. In analyzing the data, this undergraduate thesis applied the qualitative paradigm method to present the data, screenshots of the conversation in the movie are used as the data. The result of the analysis shows that not all types of women’s language features are used by Ally in the movie A Star Is Born movie. There were found seven out of ten types of women’s language features. The precise color terms, ‘hypercorrect’ grammar, and empty stress were not found in Ally’s utterances.
Pengaruh Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning Terhadap Keaktifan Siswa Kelas VIII Mata Pelajaran IPS di SMPN 1 Ngantru Tulungagung
Authors: Alisa Ristianing Putri  , Jani Jani
Published: September 2024

This research is motivated because the learning model used is still conventional. Students also lack interest in social studies learning and only rely on LKS books in learning, resulting in students being less active in learning. This study aims to find out the project based learning model has a significant effect on student activity and how much influence the application of the project based learning model has on student activity. This research is a quantitative research with a quasy experimental type. The instruments used are questionnaires, observation, and documentation. The population used is all class VIII. The sample for class VIII-C is the student experimental class and class VIII-D is the control class with 38 students each. The results of this study indicate that: (1) there is a significant influence between the project based learning learning model on student activity with a value of tcount = 16.13 and ttable of 1.991 at a significance level of 5%, namely so that the value of tcount>ttable with an average value of the experimental class is 89 .5 while the control class is 69.5, (2) the magnitude of the influence of the project-based learning model on student activity in obtaining a presentation value of 82% is included in the high category.
Analysis of Innovation Trends in Energy Storage Safety Technology based on Patent Data
Authors: Xie Yu
Published: September 2024

Against the backdrop of energy transition and the large-scale development of renewable energy, the significance of energy storage technology has become increasingly prominent. Based on the data of invention patents, this paper analyzes the innovation situation of global energy storage safety technology, providing a reference basis for future patent research and industrial planning in the field of energy storage safety. Through the global and Chinese patent application volumes, the research comparatively analyzes the application situations of the main source countries and main applicants of patents, and analyzes the innovation situation of energy storage safety technology by combining research methods such as technical structure comparison and value degree comparison. The study finds that global energy storage safety innovation is in a relatively active period. China takes the leading position in the total amount of patent applications, but the proportion of patents with high value is low, and it still lags behind South Korea and the United States. Currently, the main research directions in this field worldwide mainly include battery monitoring and status monitoring, battery protection, fire detection and alarm, fire extinguishing systems, and battery pack structure design.
Research on the Creative Principles of Chinese Thriller Films
Authors: Zhang Runze
Published: September 2024

The Chinese thriller film, as a specific genre, exhibits unique principles and characteristics in its creation, which is also significant in terms of cultural heritage and creative expression. Nevertheless, the current systematic investigation of the research principles and creative connotations of the sample remains inadequate. The objective of this paper is to analyze the research principles of Chinese thriller-horror films and identify the sources and evolution of the narrative materials underlying them. The analysis employs both the literature analysis method and the case study method. The former is used to examine the expression of the combination of thriller imagery and traditional Chinese cultural symbols in the film, while the latter is employed to explore the cultural elements belonging to the Chinese nation's tradition. Additionally, the analysis considers the distinctive characteristics of the film in terms of artistic scene layout, sound, and color, as well as the significance and role of such films. By examining the fundamental principles of Chinese thriller film-making, it is possible to gain a deeper understanding of the distinctive appeal and artistic nuances of Chinese thrillers, offering insights that can inform and inspire the creation of Chinese films.
The Development Potential of Urbanization in China's Third-tier Cities: A Case Study of Taizhou Area
Authors: Xiao Xincheng
Published: September 2024

With the acceleration of China's urbanization process, the development potential of third-tier cities has become increasingly prominent, becoming an important part of the national urbanization strategy. Taking the Taizhou area as an example, this study first conducts a comprehensive evaluation of the current status of urbanization development in Taizhou, aiming to reveal its development level and characteristics in various aspects such as economy, society, culture, and environment. On this basis, a multi-dimensional evaluation system including urbanization level, quality of citizenization, urban functions, and urban governance is constructed to comprehensively consider Taizhou's performance in several key areas of urbanization development. In terms of data processing, the study uses the Taizhou Statistical Yearbook from 2018 to 2022 and other related reports as the main data sources to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the evaluation. Through the dimensionless processing of data and the weights of indicators determined by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the development potential of urbanization in Taizhou was quantified and evaluated. The research results show that the urbanization development in Taizhou has shown a steady growth trend, especially significant progress in the quality of citizenization and urban functions, but there is still room for improvement in some key areas. Based on the research results, targeted policy recommendations are proposed: first, to improve the quality of citizenization, including deepening the reform of the household registration system and improving the level of public services; second, to optimize the pattern of urbanization, strengthen regional collaborative development and county town construction; third, to promote the construction of new types of cities, covering the improvement of urban innovation capabilities and the construction of smart cities; fourth, to deepen the integrated development of urban and rural areas, promote resource sharing and coordinated economic growth, aiming to guide Taizhou to achieve more balanced and sustainable urbanization development, and provide a reference for similar cities.
Overview of steam turbines and efficiency
Authors: Wang Ziyuan
Published: September 2024

Thermal power plants, which produce energy from the burning of fossil fuels that in turn generate turbine-turning steam, contribute a large proportion of energy in the world. Research on how we could apply fluid dynamic and thermodynamic principles in the design of turbines is crucial to improving their efficiency and fuel consumption. This paper mainly aims to explore and summarize how the power efficiency of turbines is maximized in thermal power plants and analyze the designs of turbines that increase proficiency. Literature and past paper review will be the primary method of this research. The main findings of this research are that efficiency in thermal turbines can be increased in three principal ways: a multi-stage expansion mechanism, the application of alternating blades, and in implementation of a reheating system. Using these methods, efficiency has been increased almost a million-fold in steam turbines. The purpose of this paper is to gain insights into how energy output in thermal power plant turbines is maximized and the specific designs of turbines that improve its efficiency.
Research on preparation of micron-scale orthogonally aligned HMS patterns based on soft lithography
Authors: Wu Guanting
Published: September 2024

The soft lithography enables the fabrication of microfluidic honeycombs, which are micron-scale, orthogonally aligned hexagonal mesoporous silica (HMS) patterns with channels embedded within them, on silicon substrates. The process entails meticulous cleaning, precise master mold design (including features for channel alignment) using electron-beam lithography, generation of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) mold creation, ink formulation, and pattern transfer. Subsequent steps include the sol-gel transition, hardening, alignment verification, characterization, and optional functionalization. It is of the utmost importance to optimize these steps and the master design in order to achieve success. Therefore, the paper examines the creation of micron-scale HMS patterns with orthogonal alignment through the innovative application of soft lithography. The technique encompasses the strategic design of hexagonal motifs, precision master mold crafting, the PDMS stamps, and a meticulous sol-gel procedure, resulting in HMS structures that exhibit remarkable precision and adaptability. This paper underscores the transformative potential of soft lithography in the realm of advanced materials, which offers a controlled and uniform approach to size and uniformity. The refined soft lithography process not only achieves the precise orthogonal alignment of HMS patterns but also highlights its adaptability and economic viability in nanotechnology ventures.
A PONDERAÇÃO DE PRINCÍPIOS COLIDENTES E A APLICAÇÃO DA PROIBIÇÃO DA PROTEÇÃO DEFICIENTE DO ESTADO NO DIREITO PENAL BRASILEIRO
Authors: ROCHA LEITAO IURI
Published: September 2024

O postulado da Proibição da Proteção Deficiente do Estado foi desenvolvido, originariamente, a partir da construção jurisprudencial germânica, aplicando a ponderação de princípios colidentes. O precedente foi crucial para uma compreensão dos direitos fundamentais a partir de sua perspectiva objetiva. A transnacionalidade do direito e o diálogo de cortes possibilitaram a utilização do instituto por outros estados. O referido postulado foi acolhido pela doutrina, e é aplicado pelo Poder Judiciário Brasileiro com a finalidade de resguardar direitos da coletividade, como visto no RE 418.376-5/MS e no HC 102087, ambos do STF. Necessário constatar se a base teórica do referido instituto vem sendo aplicado de forma correta no Brasil, bem como, o método utilizado. As decisões acertaram em aplicar a Proibição da Proteção Deficiente no caso concreto, mas falharam por não utilizar, de forma adequada, a regra de resolução de colisão de princípios. A utilização de forma atécnica e indiscriminada do método de resolução da  colisão de princípios como ocorre, hoje, no Brasil, além de trazer subjetivismo e, por consequência, ativismo judicial e arbítrio, acaba fomentando críticas doutrinárias, algumas injustas e estereotipadas, sobre o próprio neoconstitucionalismo e a aplicação de institutos legítimos como a Proibição da Proteção Deficientes do Estado.
JULGAMENTO E TOMADA DE DECISÃO: FATORES JURÍDICOS E EXTRAJURÍDICOS
Authors: Suxberger Antonio Henrique Graciano , Rocha Leite Ricardo , Rejane Zenir Jungbluth Teixeira Suxberger
Published: September 2024

Fatores estritamente jurídicos não bastam à convicção judicial sobre os fatos. A consideração de fatores extrajurídicos, contudo, não contraria a abordagem racionalista da prova. O artigo problematiza os estados subjetivos do julgador na produção e valoração da prova. Objetiva elucidar limitações e vieses cognitivos do juiz. Sustenta que fatores extrajurídicos para a decisão estão dentro da abordagem racionalista da prova e do campo do Direito, embora fora da legalidade estrita. A metodologia é dedutiva, com revisão bibliográfica e cotejo das categorias com a praxe, notadamente sobre a valoração da prova aliada a contribuições advindas de outras áreas do conhecimento.
A qualitative investigation of a system of third-order difference equations with multiplicative reciprocal terms
Authors: Tollu Durhasan Turgut , Yalçınkaya İbrahim
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we study the system of third-order difference equations
\begin{equation*}
x_{n+1}=a+\frac{a_{1}}{y_{n}}+\frac{a_{2}}{y_{n-1}}+\frac{a_{3}}{y_{n-2}}%
,\quad y_{n+1}=b+\frac{b_{1}}{x_{n}}+\frac{b_{2}}{x_{n-1}}+\frac{b_{3}}{%
x_{n-2}},\quad n\in \mathbb{N}_{0},
\end{equation*}%
where the parameters $a$, $a_{i}$, $b$, $b_{i}$, $i=1,2,3$, and the initial
values $x_{-j}$, $y_{-j}$, $j=0,1,2$, are positive real numbers. We first
prove a general convergence theorem. By applying this convergence theorem to
the system, we show that positive equilibrium is a global attractor. We also
study the local asymptotic stability of the equilibrium and show that it is
globally asymptotically stable. Finally, we study the invariant set of
solutions.
Persentuhan Kiai Lokal Dalam Kontestasi Politik Era Reformasi Di Madura: Tinjauan Sejarah
Authors: Topan Ali , Tianah Itaanis
Published: September 2024

This study explores the role of local Kiai of Madura in the politics of the reform era, examining their contribution to practical political contestation and its impact on the Muslim-majority Madura community. Kiai, who was respected and had great influence, exercised the role of religious figure and public official. The local Kiai here refers to Kiai who are directly involved in the world of practical politics. The purpose of this study is to analyze the contribution of Kiai in Madura politics and its impact on the policy and application of the teachings of Ahlus Sunnah Wal-Jamaah. This research is a literature review using the historical method with four steps. First heuristic (collection of sources), primary and secondary sources used in the form of books, scientific articles, proceedings, the results of the data on votes obtained from the KPU and the writings that are relevant to this research obtained from the National Library of Indonesia, UIN Jakarta Library, Google Scholar, Sinta and observations in the field. Second, source criticism. Third, interpretation and finally historiography. As an analytical knife, the research uses the hegemonic theory of Gramsci. The findings show that Kiai plays an important role in legal and policy politics, fighting for people's rights and grounding religious teachings. This research provides insight into the integration of religious teachings with public interest in the context of reform.
Instability and the Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Seidl Adam J. , Daniels Stephen D.
Published: September 2024

Instability of the anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty is a challenging problem. With an incidence of 1% to 5% reported in the literature, it is critical for shoulder surgeons to understand and be capable of addressing this complication. Etiology is multifactorial and related to soft-tissue imbalance, osseous pathology, implant malposition, or more commonly, a combination of these various causes. Historically, high rates of failure have been reported after revision procedures, prompting a movement toward the more inherently stable reverse shoulder arthroplasty as a reliable form of management. However, this may not be the ideal solution for all patients, particularly the young and active population. Consequently, the purpose of this article was to provide a review of the literature on the management of postoperative instability and intraoperative strategies to prevent this complication during the index procedure.
Subsidence after Trapeziometacarpal Arthroplasty
Authors: Alexander Jeremiah , Chandler Calvin , Tariq Mohammed , Vetter Imelda , Ring David , Reichel Lee , Ramtin Sina
Published: September 2024

Purpose:

Surgeons sometimes ascribe inadequate comfort and capability after trapeziometacarpal (TMC) arthroplasty to movement of the trapezium toward the scaphoid (subsidence or reduced trapezial space height [TSH]). We asked the following: (1) What percentage of studies found a relationship between subsidence of the metacarpal toward the distal scaphoid and measures of grip strength, capability, pinch strength, pain intensity, or patient satisfaction after TMC arthroplasty and what study characteristics are associated with having notable correlation? (2) What study factors are associated with greater postoperative TSH? (3) What is the mean subsidence over time?

Methods:

We conducted a systematic review by querying PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases from 1986 and onward. Using inclusion criteria of TMC arthroplasty inclusive of trapeziectomy, ligament reconstruction and tendon interposition, tendon interposition, and prosthetic arthroplasty and a measure of subsidence, 91 studies were identified.

Results:

Seven of 31 study groups reported a correlation of subsidence with pinch strength, 5 of 21 with magnitude of incapability, 1 of 16 with grip strength, 2 of 20 with pain intensity, and none of 10 with satisfaction. Study factors associated with a relationship between subsidence and one of these measures included continents other than Europe. Among the 9 studies that measured TSH over time, the mean change in TSH was 5.0 mm ± 2.2 mm SD for visits less than 1 year after surgery and 5.5 mm ± SD 1.0 mm for visits 1 to 3.5 years after surgery.

Conclusion:

The observation that most studies find no relationship between radiographic subsidence of an average of 5 millimeters and levels of strength, capability, comfort, or satisfaction after TMC arthroplasty suggests that primary surgeries may not benefit from a focus on limiting subsidence and revision arthroplasty ought not be offered based on this radiographic measure.
Preoperative and Postoperative Therapeutic Anticoagulation in Orthopaedic Surgery Increases the Risk of Bleeding: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wadhwa Harsh , Rohde Matthew S. , Xiao Michelle , Maschhoff Clayton , Bishop Julius A. , Gardner Michael J. , Goodnough L. Henry
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Patients requiring postoperative therapeutic anticoagulation may have increased risk of bleeding complications, infection, and poor wound healing. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing bleeding complication rates among orthopaedic surgery patients receiving perioperative therapeutic anticoagulation.

Methods:

A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed in concordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta Analysis 2020 guidelines. PubMed was queried for articles related to therapeutic anticoagulation in orthopaedic surgery and complications using keywords and medical subject headings. Inclusion/exclusion criteria were any study reporting bleeding complications after orthopaedic surgery among patients on perioperative therapeutic anticoagulation with a minimum 1-year follow-up. Studies were reviewed for heterogeneity and risk of bias. Pooled analysis was done to determine postoperative complication rates among patients on therapeutic anticoagulation.

Results:

Thirty-seven studies with 3,990 patients were included. Studies were grouped by their surgical subspecialty with 16 from arthroplasty, one foot and ankle, two spine, one sports, 13 trauma, and four upper extremity. Among patients on therapeutic anticoagulation, the pooled rate and 95% confidence intervals of bleeding complications was 8% (5 to 11%) overall, 10% (5 to 15%) in arthroplasty, 6% (3 to 11%) in trauma, and 5% (1 to 30%) in upper extremity. The overall rates (95% CI) of venous thromboembolism (VTE) were 2% (2 to 4%), infection 5% (3 to 10%), and revision surgery 4% (3 to 6%). Upper extremity VTE rates were 0% (0 to 15%), infection 4% (3 to 6%), and revision surgery 4% (3 to 6%). Trauma VTE rates were 4% (2 to 5%), infection 2% (1 to 6%), and revision surgery 3% (2 to 4%). Arthroplasty VTE rates were 2% (1 to 5%), infection 9% (4 to 18%), and revision surgery 4% (2 to 7%).

Conclusions:

Therapeutic postoperative anticoagulation may increase the risk of bleeding complications when compared with the general population. Incidence of VTE was similar when compared with historical data.
Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injuries in Overhead Athletes: Diagnosis, Management, and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Marcaccio Stephen E. , Arner Justin W. , Bradley James P.
Published: September 2024

Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries are a common source of pain and disability in overhead and throwing athletes. The prolonged nature of healing often results in notable time lost from competitive sports regardless of the definitive management strategy. A thorough history and physical examination are critical in the diagnosis of UCL injury and understanding patient goals and expectations. In carefully selected patients, nonsurgical management, including rest and slow progression back to activities, can result in successful return to sport. Recent literature has suggested that administration of platelet-rich plasma may be effective in aiding in the healing process, particularly in proximal and partial-thickness tears; however, additional study is warranted. UCL reconstruction has been the benchmark for tears not amendable to nonsurgical treatment, with flexor-pronator complex preservation being important. UCL repair has historically been most commonly used in partial avulsions, but indications have yet to be completely well defined. Knowledge regarding appropriate UCL treatment continues to evolve with patient-specific treatment being essential.
Dünyada Bölgesel ve Küresel Savaş Riski Taşıyan: Dondurulmuş Çatışma Alanları
Authors: Özalp Mustafa
Published: September 2024

ABD hegemonyasında kurulan Soğuk Savaş sürecinde, ABD Avrupa ülkeleri ile birlikte Sovyetler Birliğinin çökertilmesini hedef almıştı. 1970’lerin başından itibaren ABD; Sovyetlere karşı, Çin’i de yanına alıp, dünya sitemine bütünleştirip, Avrupa ülkeleri ile birlikte Sovyetler Birliği’ni çökertmiştir. Gerek iki kutuplu dünya düzeninde, gerekse 90’ların başından itibaren başlayan tek kutuplu (ABD) dünyada, ABD ve müttefikleri (Avrupa, Japonya ve Çin gibi) 2000’li yılların başına kadar mutlu mesut bir hayat sürdürmüşlerdir.
21. yüzyılın ilk çeyreğine gelindiğinde ABD’nin hegemonik gücünün zayıfladığı, buna paralel olarak da Çin başta olmak üzere irili ufaklı birçok güç merkezinin ortaya çıktığı görülmektedir. Dünya; iki kutuplu ve/veya tek kutuplu düzeninin çöktüğü, çok kutuplu uluslararası ilişkiler karmaşası içerisindedir. ABD ve müttefikleri eskisi gibi kazan kazan durumunda değil, adeta kaybet kaybet durumundadır. ABD-Çin rekabetine paralel olarak, Çin yükselirken, Rusya-Ukrayna savaşından dolayı da Avrupa’nın ekonomisi zayıflamaktadır.
Batılı yöneticilerin Gazze’deki katliamlarına göz yumması, diğer taraftan Ukrayna’daki savaşa gözünü dört açması, Batı değerlerinin sorgulanmasını beraberinde getirerek, çöküşünü başlatmıştır. Dünya büyük bir burana girmiş, bu buhran büyük değişim ve dönüşüme gebe durumundadır. Dünyada büyük bir güç boşluğu bulunmakla birlikte, bu boşluk içerisinde buhranla yoğrulmuş köklü sorunlar vardır. Bu sorunlar; Küresel ısınma, iklim değişikliği, çevre sorunları, enerji güvenliği, gıda, su, göç, siber saldırılar, yapay zeka, dezenformasyonlar, eşitsizliğin artması ve adaletin çökmesidir. Dünyada sorunların atışına paralel olarak, sorgulamalar ve sisteme başkaldırıda artmıştır. Tüm bu gelişmelerin sonucunda dünya bölgesel ve küresel olarak büyük çaplı, birçok krize gebe durumundadır. Öyle ki bu krizlerden her hangi biri 3. Dünya Savaşı’na sebebiyet verebilecek kadar kuvvetlidir.
Bu çalışmanın temel konusu; Tayvan, Kuzey Kore, Kuril Adaları, Keşmir, Karabağ, Zengezur Koridoru, Arktik Bölgesi, Süveyş Kanalı, Hürmüz ve Babel Mendep boğazları gibi dünyanın çeşitli bölgelerinde çıkabilecek ufak bir kıvılcımın sonucunda, 3. Dünya Savaşı’na dönüşebilme potansiyelini araştırmaktır. Bununla birlikte çalışmanın temel amacı dünyadaki dondurulmuş çatışma alanı olarak ifade edilen bölgesel ve küresel ölçekte, egemenlik boşluğu bulunan, ihtilaflı alanlar üzerinden ortaya çıkabilecek büyük dünya savaşına giden süreci analiz etmektir.
Bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuç ise, yukarıda bahsedilen egemenlik boşluğu bulunan ihtilaflı alanlar ve ABD-Çin rekabeti üzerin yaşanan krizler; 3. Dünya Savaşı’nın ayak seslerinin şimdiden duyulduğunu vurgulamaktır.
Monitoring of bone matrix acidification by TRAP and ERK biomarkers in the chronic hypercholesterolemia male rats
Authors: Ameer Duaa , Albazi Wefak , Muhammed Hayder
Published: September 2024

Background:
Hypercholesterolemia is frequently linked to an elevated risk of cardiovascular diseases, including heart attacks and strokes. Additionally, it could be connected to a higher susceptibility to osteoporosis. Hypercholesterolemia can stimulate differentiation and activity of osteoclasts, leading to enhanced bone reabsorption and a subsequent net loss of bone tissue.
Aim:
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of a high cholesterol diet on osteoporosis in male rats with differences in biological and oxidative indicators in hypercholesterolemia diet in male rat.
Method:
The samples in this study were twenty male rats, ranging between 1.5 and 2 months, were separated into two groups. In one group, 10 rats were fed a regular diet, while in another group, 10 rats were fed a high cholesterol diet (2%) over the course of 8 weeks. Samples of blood were obtained at the last stage of the experiment. to calculate physiological and biological markers including ERK, TRAP, hormones, MDA, and GSH.
Results:
The results of this study demonstrated a decrease in glutathione levels, an increase in extracellular signal-regulated kinase levels (ERK), no significant change in serum TRAP levels, an increase in Malondialdehyde levels in the blood, and elevated levels of parathyroid hormone, Calcitonin, and Vitamin D in the cholesterol group.
Conclusion:
An increased oxidative stress, altered signaling, and disruptions in calcium/bone metabolism associated with cholesterol-related condition and monitoring biomarker ERK can provide valuable information about disease progression.
A rare case of “Hawkins type 3” talar neck fracture in a cat
Authors: Berg Jon
Published: September 2024

Background:
Fractures of the talus are relatively infrequently reported in small animals. Furthermore, talar neck fracture in cats seems to be very rare. This case report aims to consider the diagnosis, treatment and a seven-month follow-up of a cat with a Hawkins type 3 talar fracture treated with a type 1b external skeletal fixator (ESF). Emphasising on the complexity of the injury, considering treatment options and complications, and comparing them to previous reports on cats and humans.
Case Description:
A 4.5-year-old mixed-breed cat was diagnosed with a Hawkins type 3 talar fracture. Additionally, there were considerations related to the collateral support of the hock joint. The fracture fragment, i.e. the talar body and parts of the neck, was reduced with pointed reduction forceps through a small medial insition. The fracture was then stabilised with a trans articular type 1b ESF. Based on radiographic fracture assessment, de-staging of the frame was done eight weeks postoperatively. While complete frame removal was at 12 weeks postoperatively. Seven months after the fracture, the cat was minimally lame when walking, and there was a reduced rang range of motion in the hock joint compared to the contralateral joint.
Conclusion:
Based on this case and the four previous cases with talar neck fractures, we cannot conclude, but ESF seems to be a good solution, especially when considering the possibility of disruption to the collateral support of the hock joint in this case.
Detection of Trypanosoma lewisi from rodents residing in the densely populated residential regions along the coastal areas of Banyuwangi Sub District, Indonesia
Authors: Wardhana April , Putra Frenky , Yudhana Aditya , Sawitri Dyah , Wiedosari Ening , Mujiyanto Mujiyanto , Priyambodo Swastiko , Mufasirin Mufasirin , Hamid Penny , Nugraheni Yudhi , Awaludin Aan , Priyono Priyono , Dargantes Alan , Matsubayashi Makoto
Published: September 2024

Background:
Extensive attention has been devoted to studies of Trypanosoma lewisi in rodents ever since it became recognised as a zoonotic pathogen known as atypical human trypanosomiasis. Regrettably, although T. lewisi infections of small mammals remain significant public health concerns for humans, there is a lack of comprehensive study in Indonesia.
Aim:
The aim of the study was to detect T. lewisi from rodents residing in the densely populated residential regions along the coastal areas of Banyuwangi Sub District.
Methods:
A total of 169 rodents were captured across three villages of Kampung Mandar, Lateng and Kepatihan, using rat single live traps. After being euthanized and identified, the blood samples were collected from each rodent via cardiac puncture. Subsequently, the samples were subjected to native (direct blood microscopic examination), microscopic blood smear examination, and molecular analyses utilizing TRYP1S-TRYP1R (623 bp) and LEW1S-LEW1R (220 bp).
Results:
The results demonstrated that two species of rodents were successfully captured: Rattus norvegicus (65.68%) and Rattus tanezumi (34.32%). Based on the native and microscopic blood smear examinations, the prevalence of T. lewisi across three villages was 23.08% and 24.26% for molecular analysis employing both primers, respectively. The highest prevalence was found in Kampung Mandar Village (31.18%), followed by Kepatihan (16.67%) and Lateng Villages (15.71%).
Conclusion:
Statistical analysis revealed that T. lewisi was more prevalent in R. tanezumi compared to R. norvegicus. In terms of sex, no statistically significant distinction was observed between female and male infected rodents of either species (p>0.05), indicating both species can serve as a source of T. lewisi for humans in the surveyed villages.
The Real Equilibrium Exchange Rate of the Czech Koruna – the BEER Approach
Authors:   Prague University of Economics and Business, Prague, Czech Republic, Pastucha Filip
Published: September 2024

The aim of this paper is to develop a model of the real equilibrium CZK/EUR exchange rate with all relevant explanatory variables. Emphasis will be placed on examining the longest possible time horizon, with a period of real convergence, but also economic stagnation. The model is based on the theoretical BEER approach using a cointegration or error correction model that distinguishes between short-term and long-term relationships. The results show that the Czech koruna strengthens when the productivity differential, terms of trade differential or gross fixed capital formation increase, while the koruna weakens when the VIX index representing global risk aversion increases. For the real interest rate differential, the hypothesis that the koruna strengthens in the short run during the improvement but weakens in the long run probably due to the country's risk premium, was confirmed. Moreover, it turned out that the start of the European Central Bank's quantitative easing led to strengthening of the Czech koruna, while the start of the CNB's foreign exchange interventions in 2013 led to weakening of the Czech koruna.
CONFIDENTIALITY, REPRESENTATION AND EVIDENCE IN ADR IN EMPLOYMENT DISPUTES IN TURKEY AND THE UNITED KINGDOM
Authors: Nalbant Mustafa
Published: September 2024

In the world, ADR (Alternative Dispute Resolution) methods are becoming increasingly popular because of a heavy caseload of tribunals/courts, and the resolution of individual employment disputes through ADR is part of this trend. However, there have always been concerns regarding the use of ADR for the resolution of employment disputes, particularly due to the potential power imbalance between the disputants. These concerns are mutual in the comparison countries of this research: the United Kingdom (UK), with its long and honourable history of ADR in individual employment disputes, and Turkey, which has recently started to employ ADR methods for these disputes. The concerns revolve around: (i) whether confidentiality acts as a ‘curtain’ that prevents stakeholders from assessing whether the procedure is justly managed or whether employees have been pressured to settle; (ii) whether representatives are accessible, whether there are providers of legal counsel for employment disputes, and whether the governments offer legal aid for individuals who cannot afford the cost of representation; (iii) the types of evidence that can be submitted in ADR processes and whether there is an enforcement mechanism in case of resistance to providing necessary documents for ADR meetings.
Consequently, it must be highlighted that the same set of rules should not be applied to all kinds of disputes. Due to the potential power imbalances in employment disputes, necessary precautions must be taken to ensure access to justice. On this basis, this research illustrates how ADR regulations in Turkey and the UK should be adjusted to align with the unique structure of employment disputes.
INTERDISCIPLINARY INTEGRATION AS A PROFESSIONAL TRAINING IMPROVING FACTOR IN A TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors: Medvedeva L.V.
Published: September 2024

The article presents the results of research work, during which the triune essence of interdisciplinary integration (principle, process, result) in the implementation of the integrative approach in teaching mathematical, natural science and special disciplines in the educational environment of a technical university is revealed by didactic means. Integrative professionally oriented tasks as a means of implementing an integrative approach in teaching mathematical, natural science and special disciplines have been proposed. They form the core of the practical component of the didactic system and allow integrating into a single professional skill individual actions, methods and techniques mastered in the process of studying natural science, mathematics and special subjects. The methodology has been developed for conducting an integrated lesson using information technologies, which are both a field and a means for constructing interdisciplinary practice-oriented task s.
ANDRAGOGICAL SUPPORT FOR YOUNG TEACHERS DURING THE PERIODS OF ADAPTATION AND INTEGRATION INTO PROFESSION
Authors: Ermolaeva M.G. , Verstukhova E.N.
Published: September 2024

The article presents the results of a study of the practices of andragogical support for young teachers at two main stages of their professional start – the stages of adaptation and integration into the profession. The purpose of the study is to determine the influence of the variability of such support on the motivational, personal, communicative, reflective aspects of the professional activities of young teachers. The organization of accompaniment is considered from the standpoint of the effectiveness of the professional activities of young teachers. The praxeological approach is taken as the methodological basis for the optimal self-organization of young teachers of their professional activities in order to increase its effectiveness. In the course of the research, various methods were used – survey, questionnaire, testing, self-assessment of young teachers and expert assessments of mentors based on included observation, situation modeling, etc. The data obtained during the testing of andragogical conditions for the support of professional activities of young teachers, taking into account the stages of their professional development, allow us to conclude about the influence of these conditions on the positive dynamics of the results of professional activity of young teachers and the different significance of these conditions for them, depending on the stage of entry into the profession.
Analysis of Interhospital Emergency Referrals Despite Safety Concerns on the Roads: Emergency Referrals in Northwest Syria intraregional Borders
Authors: Karaca Bahadır , Çelik Burak
Published: September 2024

Aim: Our study aims to assess emergency patient transport between hospitals in the northwestern region of Syria. In this way, determining the patient profiles transferred in the region can help shed light on the reasons for avoidable transfers, reduce transfers, and reduce the risks associated with transfers.

Material and Methods: Our retrospective study investigated the patients who were transferred to Azez Vatan Hospital, Çobanbey Hospital, and Jarablus Hospital and from these facilities within the borders of the northwestern region of Syria between 01/01/2020-01/01/2021. Transfer records of patients transferred between hospitals and ambulance stations were searched in files and computer records. Because there was no automation system in the healthcare facilities involved in the study, data were recorded manually on the data collection form and processed for statistical analysis. Statistical analyses of the study were performed as descriptive statistics of variables are reported as mean±standard deviation, median (min-max), and n (%). Statistical analyses of categorical variables were performed using the chi-square test and Fisher Freeman Halton Exact test.

Results: The mean age of the patients of 899 patients included in the study was 33.68±26.80 years, 530(59.0%) were male and 369(41.0%) were female. 27.3% of patients were trauma patients and of both sexes. Male trauma patients were approximately 2.5 times more common than female trauma patients. Among pediatric transfers, trauma was present in one out of every three patients. Patients were most frequently transferred in February, March, and June and least frequently in January (p < 0.05). It was found that the need for adult, newborn, and pediatric intensive care, the need for medical material and equipment, the need for further examination/treatment, followed by the need for treatment under the supervision neurosurgeon, obstetric and gynecologist, cardiology specialist, or pediatrician. It was also noted that transfers for COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus Disease 2019) service needs due to the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak during the study period were among the most common reasons. COVID-19 falls, respiratory distress, traffic accidents, and acute MI were the most common diagnoses in all transferred age groups.

Conclusion: In northwestern Syria, emergency patients are most often transferred from one hospital to another because they require all types of intensive care units, medical materials and equipment, advanced diagnostic treatment, and specialists in neurosurgery, obstetrics and gynecology, cardiology, and pediatrics. Increasing hospital capacity and qualifications of hospitals within the humanitarian response and increasing the number of specialists, may be considered to reduce inter-hospital transfers of emergency patients.
INFORMASI, INTERAKTIFITAS, DAN RELEVANSI INSTAGRAM REELS ADS DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP ADVERTISEMENT PERFORMANCE EXPECTANCY
Authors: Ramadhan Muhammad Daffa , Kurnia Kurnia
Published: September 2024

The primary goal of this research was to explore the impact of information, interactivity, and relevance in Instagram Reels Ads, specifically focusing on their influence on ad performance expectations within the context of FitaminCylingCulture. The study takes a quantitative approach within the positivism paradigm. The target population consists of active users of social media who are followers of the Instagram account @FitaminCylingCulture. A total of 100 respondents were selected for the study based on the Lemeshow formula with a 10% margin of error.   The sampling method employed was purposive, involving the selection of active followers of FitaminCyclingCulture who are also customers. Data analysis was conducted using partial least squares (PLS), which included testing the measurement model for validity and reliability, as well as assessing the statistical significance of the hypothesized relationships through structural model testing. The majority of respondents were located in the Jabodetabek region (94.2%), with the largest age group being 20-24 years old (63.5%). It was found that these three factors had a significant positive impact on advertisement performance expectations.
Awareness of ocular hazards among welders in Bindura, Zimbabwe
Authors:   Optometry Unit, Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago. 2Discipline of Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa., Kwarteng Michael , Marowa Tinotenda ,   Department of Optometry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Bindura University of Science Education, Bindura, Zimbabwe, Kyei Samuel ,   Department of Optometry and Vision Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana, Ezinne Ngozika Esther ,   Optometry Unit, Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago., Tagoh Selassie ,   School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand., Enimah Eugene Buah ,   Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Finland.
Published: September 2024

Occupational health issues are the highest among workers in developing nations. This study aimed to assess the awareness of ocular hazards among welders in Bindura. An observational cross-sectional design with a validated structured self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the awareness of ocular hazards among 400 welders. Among the 400 welders, 397(99.3%) were males and their ages ranged from 19 – 56 with a mean age of 36 ± 8 years. Most (35%) of them, 140 had been involved in welding for 6-10 years. The most common type of welding among the participants was arc welding (87.8%). Majority (99.3%) of the welders were aware that welding without the use of protective equipment is a potential source of ocular hazards. Many welders had access to protective face shields and used them all the time (84.5%). The most common condition was ocular foreign bodies (17.7%), followed by Arc eye (4.8%). Awareness about welding as a source of ocular hazard depends on the type of welding used (p < 0.05). The awareness of ocular hazards among welders in Bindura is high. Although, protective devices are provided, regular utilization needs to be encouraged and enforced.
Status of Groundnut Production in Africa: A Review From 2012 to 2022
Authors: Njoki Loise , Okoth Sheila , Wachira Peter , Ouko Abigael , Kagot Victor
Published: September 2024

Food safety, and security remains a major concern in developing nations. Groundnuts rank the second globally in oil seed production after soya beans and the 11th most important crop for human intake. Limited productivity against the potential of existing crops due to biotic, abiotic, market, and policy factors causes the poor food production trends. This work uses a systematic review approach to determine the productivity of groundnut as a major food crop in Africa for the last 10 years based on the trend of declining yields of groundnut in this duration, and the role of influencing factors. The extracted data is summarized creating a feasible proposal on how the productivity, and quality of the crop could be improved to meet the food security need. Among the top 11 producers of groundnuts in Africa, West Africa accounts for 55% with regions like Nigeria, and Senegal having the highest productivity of 3.3 t, and 1.1 t respectively over the last ten years. In East Africa, Sudan has the highest production of 2.04 t over the 10 years. Despite being the second continent in the size of area under production of groundnut, Africa has the lowest average yields per hectare (1 t/ha), compared to America (3 t/ha), and Asia (1.8 t/ha). Regions that used improved varieties had higher yield than those using local varieties, and less technologies. High disease infestation shows a direct correlation with declining yields of groundnut. Therefore, the low productivity of groundnuts could be associated with social, cultural, and economic factors that create disparities in accessing improved technologies, farming, production and marketing resources. Development of improved varieties and policies in the region that support improved agronomic inputs are feasible practices for attaining cultivars that resist the yield, and quality limiting parameters.