bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Brain Functional Connectivity in the Resting State and the Exercise State in Elite Tai Chi Chuan Athletes: An fNIRS Study
Authors: Wang Shilong , Lu Shengnan
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to reveal the characteristics of multi-circuit brain synergy between elite tai chi chuan athletes in resting and exercise states and to provide neuroimaging evidence of improvements in brain function by motor skill training. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to compare the brain activity of professional tai chi chuan athletes (expert group) and beginners (novice group) in resting and exercise states, and to assess functional connectivity (FC) between the prefrontal lobe and the sensorimotor zone. In the resting state, the FC between the left prefrontal lobe and the right sensorimotor area in the expert group was significantly lower than that in the novice group (P < 0.05). In the exercise state, the patterns of FC between the left prefrontal lobe and right sensorimotor area, the right prefrontal lobe and left sensorimotor area, and the left and right sensorimotor areas in the expert group were significantly lower than that in the novice group (P < 0.05). From the resting state to the locomotor state, the expert group experienced a greater absolute value of functional connection increment between the left prefrontal cortex and right sensorimotor area, and between the left sensorimotor area and right sensorimotor area (P < 0.05). This was positively correlated with the self-evaluation results of motor performance behavior. Under sports conditions, professional athletes’ multi-circuit brain FC strength is significantly reduced, and their elite motor skill performance supports the neural efficiency hypothesis. This may be related to the high adaptation of the brain to specific tasks and the improvement of the integration of somatic perception processing and motor function.
Pro-inflammatory Diet Pictured in Children With Atopic Dermatitis or Food Allergy: Nutritional Data of the LiNA Cohort
Authors: Schütte Olivia , Bachmann Larissa , Shivappa Nitin , Hebert James R. , Felix Janine F. , Röder Stefan , Sack Ulrich , Borte Michael , Kiess Wieland , Zenclussen Ana C. , Stangl Gabriele I. , Herberth Gunda , Junge Kristin M.
Published: June 2022

Graphical Abstract

Aim and design of the analysed project within the prospective LiNA cohort.
Influence of Multi-Frequency Ultrasound-Assisted Freezing on the Freezing Rate, Physicochemical Quality and Microstructure of Cultured Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea)
Authors: Ma Xuan , Mei Jun , Qiu Weiqiang , Xie Jing
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this work was to investigate the influence of multi-frequency ultrasound-assisted immersion freezing (UIF) on the freezing speed, quality attributes, and microstructure of cultured large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) with different ultrasound powers. The findings revealed that UIF under multi-frequency conditions greatly enhanced the speed of food freezing. The multi-frequency UIF reduced the thawing and cooking losses, total volatile base nitrogen, K-values, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances values, and increased the water holding capacity. The microstructure observation showed that multi-frequency UIF at 175 W reduced pore diameter and ice crystal size. Free amino acids analysis revealed that the application of multi-frequency UIF reduced the accumulation of bitter amino acids, and UIF-175 treatment increased the accumulation of umami amino acids. Therefore, multi-frequency UIF at a suitable ultrasonic power can remarkably improve the quality of large yellow croaker.
A Highly Effective System for Predicting MHC-II Epitopes With Immunogenicity
Authors: Xu Shi , Wang Xiaohua , Fei Caiyi
Published: June 2022

In the past decade, the substantial achievements of therapeutic cancer vaccines have shed a new light on cancer immunotherapy. The major challenge for designing potent therapeutic cancer vaccines is to identify neoantigens capable of inducing sufficient immune responses, especially involving major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-II epitopes. However, most previous studies on T-cell epitopes were focused on either ligand binding or antigen presentation by MHC rather than the immunogenicity of T-cell epitopes. In order to better facilitate a therapeutic vaccine design, in this study, we propose a revolutionary new tool: a convolutional neural network model named FIONA (Flexible Immunogenicity Optimization Neural-network Architecture) trained on IEDB datasets. FIONA could accurately predict the epitopes presented by the given specific MHC-II subtypes, as well as their immunogenicity. By leveraging the human leukocyte antigen allele hierarchical encoding model together with peptide dense embedding fusion encoding, FIONA (with AUC = 0.94) outperforms several other tools in predicting epitopes presented by MHC-II subtypes in head-to-head comparison; moreover, FIONA has unprecedentedly incorporated the capacity to predict the immunogenicity of epitopes with MHC-II subtype specificity. Therefore, we developed a reliable pipeline to effectively predict CD4+ T-cell immune responses against cancer and infectious diseases.
The Role of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Differentiating Splenic Tuberculosis From Splenic Lymphoma
Authors: Zhang Wenzhi , Yang Gaoyi , Zhang Xu , Ni Tu
Published: June 2022

Aim

To summarize the features of splenic tuberculosis and splenic lymphoma by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and examine the application of CEUS in differentiating splenic tuberculosis from splenic lymphoma.

Methods

The ultrasound and CEUS manifestations of 30 cases of splenic tuberculosis and 19 cases of splenic lymphoma were retrospectively analyzed, and the number of lesions, degree of splenomegaly, internal echogenicity, color blood flow signal, and CEUS manifestations of the two diseases were statistically determined.

Results

A significant difference was noted in the internal echogenicity between splenic tuberculosis and splenic lymphoma lesions, particularly the strip-shaped hyperechoic areas of the lesions. The ultrasound features of perisplenic, retroperitoneal, and superficial lymph node enlargement were found to overlap (p < 0.05). Splenic tuberculosis showed heterogeneous enhancement and non-enhancement, whereas lymphoma showed low enhancement and high enhancement, and CEUS findings were statistically significant in distinguishing both, p < 0.05.

Conclusion

Splenic tuberculosis is characterized by a lack of blood supply, mostly heterogeneous enhancement, and non-enhancement noted in CEUS. Splenic lymphoma lesions are often characterized by a rich blood supply and homogeneous enhancement on CEUS. CEUS can help identify the microcirculation of lesions in both patients with splenic lymphoma and patients with splenic tuberculosis. Thus, CEUS has great application value.
Effects of Xiao Chengqi Formula on Slow Transit Constipation by Assessing Gut Microbiota and Metabolomics Analysis in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Zhou Qian , Zhang Di , Zhang Heng , Wan Xingyang , Hu Bang , Zou Qi , Su Dan , Peng Hui , Huang Dandan , Ren Donglin
Published: June 2022

The Xiao Chengqi (XCQ) formula is a newly constituted traditional Chinese medicine prescription in the treatment of intestinal motility deficiency and is effective in patients with slow transit constipation (STC). XCQ formula was reconstructed based on a “Chengqi” decoction. Astragali Radix, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, and cooked ground Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma were added to the prescription to enhance. An STC rat model was constructed and treated with the formula to understand the detailed mechanism by which XCQ promotes intestinal peristalsis. The effects of the XCQ formula on intestinal microflora and metabolic levels and the possible molecular mechanism of its regulation were explored using 16S rDNA sequencing, metabolomics sequencing, and tissue RNA sequencing. The results showed a significant decrease in the abundance of Roseburia spp. in the feces of STC rats, a significant decrease in the content of butyl aminobenzene (BAB) in feces, and an increase in the number of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in the colon of STC rats. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that BAB could activate IL-21R on the ICC surface, upregulate the phosphorylation of the downstream molecules STAT3 and ERK, and inhibit loperamide-induced ICC apoptosis. Therefore, the XCQ formula can improve the defecation status of patients with STC by protecting ICC activity, promoting the colonization of Roseburia spp. to promote peristalsis, and increasing the BAB content after metabolism.
Efficient Low Threshold Frequency Conversion in AlGaAs-On-Insulator Waveguides
Authors: Ulsig Emil Z. , Degli-Eredi Iterio , Stanton Eric J. , Volet Nicolas
Published: June 2022

A design study is presented for an efficient, compact and robust device to convert the frequency of single-photons from the near-infrared to the telecom C-band. The material platform aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs)-on-insulator, with its relatively large second-order nonlinearity, is used to create highly confined optical modes. This platform can feasibly incorporate single-photon emitters such as indium arsenide (InAs) on gallium arsenide (GaAs), paving the way towards direct integration of single-photon sources and nonlinear waveguides on the same chip. In this design study, single-pass difference-frequency generation (DFG) producing C-band single-photons is enabled via form birefringent phase-matching between a 930 nm single-photon pump and continuous wave (CW) idler at 2,325 nm. In particular the idler and single-photons are combined with an on-chip directional coupler, and then tapered to a single waveguide where the three modes are phase-matched. The design is studied at a special case, showing high fabrication tolerances, and an internal conversion efficiency up to 41%.
Multiband Pure Topological States in Elastic Structures
Authors: Liu He
Published: June 2022

Inspired by notions of topological physics, recent years have witnessed the rapid development of mechanical metamaterials with novel properties of topological states. However, most of the current investigations have either focused on discrete mass-spring lattices, with topological states limited to a single operating band, or on various elaborate continuous elastic systems, enduring the drawbacks of modal couplings. It remains largely unexplored how to design topological elastic systems that naturally possess multiple operating bands and are free from modal couplings. In this study, we design an elastic system based on fundamental mechanical elements (beams, rods and nuts), which is capable of supporting multiband pure topological states. Through an equivalent beam-spring model with lumped masses together with finite element analysis, we demonstrate that our proposed structure exhibits multiple Dirac points (DPs) at different frequencies. We show that simply adjusting the heights of nuts fastened on beams can lift the degeneracies, giving rise to two kinds of valley Hall phases characterized by opposite valley Chern numbers. The dispersion diagram of the supercell formed by unit cells with different topological indices shows that there simultaneously exist perfectly pure interface modes (i.e., no other modes coexist) within two frequency ranges. Furthermore, numerical simulations demonstrate that the domain wall formed by structures with distinct topological properties supports topologically protected interface waves over dual frequency ranges. Our results have potential for the design of mechanical systems that need to work under changeable working frequencies and may have significant impact on many diverse fields such as vibration control, energy harvesting and seismic isolation.
Effect of Different Salts on Nutrients Uptake, Gene Expression, Antioxidant, and Growth Pattern of Selected Rice Genotypes
Authors: Farooq Muhammad , Asif Saleem , Jang Yoon-Hee , Park Jae-Ryoung , Zhao Dan-Dan , Kim Eun-Gyeong , Kim Kyung-Min
Published: June 2022

Climate change leads to soil salinization, and the dynamic scarcity of freshwater has negatively affected crop production worldwide, especially Oryza sativa. The association among ion uptake, gene expression, antioxidant, biomass, and root and shoot development under different salt stress are not fully understood. Many studies are related to the effect of NaCl only. This study used two salts (CaCl2 and MgCl2) along with NaCl and analyzed their effects on mineral uptake (macronutrients and micronutrients), gene expression, seed germination, antioxidants, plant growth, and biomass in different rice genotypes. CaCl2 (up to 200 mM) slightly increased the germination percentage and seedling growth, whereas, 150 mM MgCl2 in the soil increased the root, shoot length, and fresh and dry weight in cultivars IR 28 and Cheongcheong. All agronomic traits among rice genotypes were drastically reduced by NaCl stress compared to other salts. Different salt stress differentially regulated ion uptake in the roots and shoots among different rice genotypes. Under different salt stress, a consistent decrease in Ca2+, Mn2+, and Fe2+ ions was observed in the roots of Cheongcheong, Nagdong, and IR 28. Similarly, under different salts, the stress in the shoots of Cheongcheong (Ca2+, Na+, and Zn2+) and Nagdong (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, and Zn2+) and the shoots of IR 28 (Ca2+ and Mg2+) consistently increased. Under different salts, a salt stress-related gene was expressed differentially in the roots of rice genotypes. However, after 6 and 12 h, there was consistent OsHKT1, OsNHX1, and OsSOS1 gene upregulation in the shoots of Nagdong and roots and shoots of the salt-tolerant cultivar Pokkali. Under different salt stress, glutathione (GSH) content increased in the shoot of IR 28 and Nagdong by NaCl, and MgCl2 salt, whereas, POD activity increased significantly by CaCl2 and MgCl2 in cultivar Cheongcheong and IR 28 shoot. Therefore, this study suggested that Pokkali responded well to NaCl stress only, whereas, the plant molecular breeding lab cultivar Nagdong showed more salt tolerance to different salts (NaCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2). This can potentially be used by agriculturists to develop the new salt-tolerant cultivar “Nagdong”-like Pokkali.
How Tourists’ Perception Affects Travel Intention: Mechanism Pathways and Boundary Conditions
Authors: Jiang Xiufang , Qin Jianxiong , Gao Jianguo , Gossage Mollie G.
Published: June 2022

Tourist subjectivities have an important effect on behavioral intentions. Under the background of normalization, tourism decision-making manifests primarily in tourists’ individual preferences, which has led much research to ignore the importance of other subjective factors, as well as objective environmental factors. In the COVID-19 era, tourism behavior’s social attributes have become more prominent; the effect of important others or organizations’ attitudes toward tourism behavior, as well as personal knowledge, ability, and experience in preventing and controlling tourism risks, are evident. This study integrates knowledge-attitude-behavior (KAB), Theory of Perceived Risk (TPR), Social Identity Theory (SIT), and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), along with a comprehensive framework method, to construct an integrated model exploring the impact of knowledge, identity, and perceived risk on travel intention, to analyze its pathways and effects, to resolve the issue of mechanism, to analyze the moderating effect of past travel experience, and to answer the problem of boundary conditions. It finds that knowledge, perceived risk, and identity have a significant positive impact on travel intention; travel attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived control mediate the influence of knowledge, perceived risk, and identity on travel intention; these mechanism pathways do not always exist. The positive adjustment of past travel experiences shows that repeat visitors have a greater impact than newcomers and potential tourists.
The Extended Simple View of Reading in Adult Learners of Chinese as a Second Language
Authors: Hao Meiling , Fang Xiaoping , Sun Zhenzhen , Liu Youyi
Published: June 2022

The Simple View of Reading (SVR) designates that reading comprehension is the product of decoding and listening comprehension and this conclusion has been supported by studies on school-aged native and nonnative speakers. However, it remains unknown whether SVR can be applied to adult second language (L2) learners. The current study addressed this issue by testing adult learners of Chinese as a second language with various proficiency levels and further extended the model by including word segmentation and word-meaning access, both of which are particularly crucial in reading Chinese. The results showed that listening comprehension only contributed to reading comprehension for the advanced learners, while decoding accuracy predicted reading comprehension regardless of Chinese proficiency. However, the total proportion of variance accounted for was relatively low, especially for the lower proficiency groups. Interestingly, word segmentation and word-meaning access explained a large proportion of the total variance and concomitantly decreased the apparent influence of word decoding. Taken together, these findings highlight that the individual characteristics of a given language can modulate the contributions of decoding and listening comprehension to predicting reading comprehension.
Do Men Have No Need for “Feminist” Artificial Intelligence? Agentic and Gendered Voice Assistants in the Light of Basic Psychological Needs
Authors: Moradbakhti Laura , Schreibelmayr Simon , Mara Martina
Published: June 2022

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is supposed to perform tasks autonomously, make competent decisions, and interact socially with people. From a psychological perspective, AI can thus be expected to impact users’ three Basic Psychological Needs (BPNs), namely (i) autonomy, (ii) competence, and (iii) relatedness to others. While research highlights the fulfillment of these needs as central to human motivation and well-being, their role in the acceptance of AI applications has hitherto received little consideration. Addressing this research gap, our study examined the influence of BPN Satisfaction on Intention to Use (ITU) an AI assistant for personal banking. In a 2×2 factorial online experiment, 282 participants (154 males, 126 females, two non-binary participants) watched a video of an AI finance coach with a female or male synthetic voice that exhibited either high or low agency (i.e., capacity for self-control). In combination, these factors resulted either in AI assistants conforming to traditional gender stereotypes (e.g., low-agency female) or in non-conforming conditions (e.g., high-agency female). Although the experimental manipulations had no significant influence on participants’ relatedness and competence satisfaction, a strong effect on autonomy satisfaction was found. As further analyses revealed, this effect was attributable only to male participants, who felt their autonomy need significantly more satisfied by the low-agency female assistant, consistent with stereotypical images of women, than by the high-agency female assistant. A significant indirect effects model showed that the greater autonomy satisfaction that men, unlike women, experienced from the low-agency female assistant led to higher ITU. The findings are discussed in terms of their practical relevance and the risk of reproducing traditional gender stereotypes through technology design.
A Promotive Process of Resource Gain Against Harsh and Inconsistent Discipline in Mothers Coping With Breast Cancer: A Serial Mediation Model
Authors: Zamir Osnat , Bentley Gabriella , He Yaliu
Published: June 2022

Breast cancer is a life-threatening disease and a source of enduring stress. The Family Stress Model posits that psychological distress provoked by stressful conditions may spill over and intensify harsh and inconsistent parental discipline. However, the Conservation of Resources theory posits that having more resources may lead to further resource gain, which may promote adaptive coping with adversities. Therefore, this study examined a serial mediation model in which financial resources (income) are predicted to be associated with more interpersonal resources (paternal involvement). The latter is expected to be linked with less maternal post-traumatic stress symptoms, which, in turn, should be associated with less harsh and inconsistent discipline in mothers coping with breast cancer. A sample of 100 Israeli mothers receiving breast cancer treatments was recruited through social media. The participants completed online self-report questionnaires. Structural Equation Modeling indicated significant serial mediation, in which a greater income level was associated with more paternal involvement, which was linked to a lower level of maternal post-traumatic symptoms. The latter, in turn, was associated with less harsh and inconsistent maternal discipline practices. We controlled for illness severity and the time since diagnosis, which did not predict maternal discipline practices. The study suggests that although breast cancer is a stressful condition for any family, having more financial resources can be a significant promotive factor predicting a cascading process by which paternal functioning facilitates better mental health of mothers, and, in turn, better maternal parenting practices.
Mapping Evidence on the Burden of Breast, Cervical, and Prostate Cancers in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review
Authors: Musekiwa Alfred , Moyo Maureen , Mohammed Mohanad , Matsena-Zingoni Zvifadzo , Twabi Halima Sumayya , Batidzirai Jesca Mercy , Singini Geoffrey Chiyuzga , Kgarosi Kabelo , Mchunu Nobuhle , Nevhungoni Portia , Silinda Patricia , Ekwomadu Theodora , Maposa Innocent
Published: June 2022

Background

Cancer remains a major public health problem, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where the provision of health care is poor. This scoping review mapped evidence in the literature regarding the burden of cervical, breast and prostate cancers in SSA.

Methods

We conducted this scoping review using the Arksey and O'Malley framework, with five steps: identifying the research question; searching for relevant studies; selecting studies; charting the data; and collating, summarizing, and reporting the data. We performed all the steps independently and resolved disagreements through discussion. We used Endnote software to manage references and the Rayyan software to screen studies.

Results

We found 138 studies that met our inclusion criteria from 2,751 studies identified through the electronic databases. The majority were retrospective studies of mostly registries and patient files (n= 77, 55.8%), followed by cross-sectional studies (n= 51, 36.9%). We included studies published from 1990 to 2021, with a sharp increase from 2010 to 2021. The quality of studies was overall satisfactory. Most studies were done in South Africa (n= 20) and Nigeria (n= 17). The majority were on cervical cancer (n= 93, 67.4%), followed by breast cancer (67, 48.6%) and the least were on prostate cancer (48, 34.8%). Concerning the burden of cancer, most reported prevalence and incidence. We also found a few studies investigating mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and years of life lost (YLL).

Conclusions

We found many retrospective record review cross-sectional studies, mainly in South Africa and Nigeria, reporting the prevalence and incidence of cervical, breast and prostate cancer in SSA. There were a few systematic and scoping reviews. There is a scarcity of cervical, breast and prostate cancer burden studies in several SSA countries. The findings in this study can inform policy on improving the public health systems and therefore reduce cancer incidence and mortality in SSA.
Comparative Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin in Salivary Glands vs. Oromotor Therapy in the Management of Sialorrhea in Cerebral Palsy Impact on Sleep Quality
Authors: Marquez-Vazquez Juan Francisco , Arellano-Saldaña María Elena , Rojas-Martinez Karla Nayeli , Carrillo-Mora Paul
Published: June 2022

Aims

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of intraglandular abobotuliniumtoxinA application and oromotor therapy in the management of sialorrhea in patients with cerebral palsy and its effect on sleep quality.

Methods

A comparative study (n = 134), mean age 7.1 years (± 3.9 years) was performed in pediatric patients, between the efficacy of abobotuliniumtoxinA in salivary glands and oromotor therapy (JT), with a control group receiving exclusive oromotor therapy (EOMT). Demographic variables, as well as Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), Drooling Severity and Frequency Scale (DSFS), Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) and Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS) were analyzed in 134 patients considering two measurements 6 months apart. Statistical analysis was developed between both groups.

Results

The greatest improvement in safety and efficacy of swallowing were those in the JT group with initial levels of EDACS IV and V. Both therapies result in favorable changes of all subscales means of SDSC, with joint therapy showing the greater benefit (p = 0.003) over EOMT (p = 0.06), especially for Sleep Breathing Disorders and Disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep (p < 0.01 vs. p = 0.07). No major adverse effects were found, only those expected from the application of the toxin, such as pain, mild, and transient local inflammation.

Interpretation

A correlation between frequency and intensity of sialorrhea, with the frequency of sleep disorders and dysphagia was found. Conventional EOMT proved to be useful, improving the safety and efficacy of swallowing, sialorrhea and sleep disorder, however it can be enhanced with the application of abobotuliniumtoxinA.
Engaging Honduran Science Diasporas for Development: Evidence From Three Consolidated Networks
Authors: Bonilla Kleinsy , Aquino Valle Karina , Alvarez-Torres Ramon , Ney Simons Sara
Published: June 2022

Honduras' underdevelopment of the higher education system, national economic constraints, and low investment in science and technology (S&T) have created significant challenges in training, employing, and retaining its science workforce, resulting in what is known as “brain drain” in literature. There are no official statistics of Honduran scientists who have established their residency abroad, nor the Honduran scientific diasporas (HSD); however, various diaspora networks provide evidence of their existence and engagement in their home country. This study takes an empirical approach and explores experiences of networking and engagement of the HSD for the development of Honduras. Methodologically, a qualitative approach and a phenomenological design were used. The data were collected through documentary review and semi-structured interviews with 21 key respondents from three identified HSD networks: Honduras Global (HG), the Organization of Women in Science for the Developing World, Honduras National Chapter (OWSD Honduras), and the Alumni Association of the Zamorano Pan-American Agricultural School (AGEAP-Zamorano). The holistic analysis of HSD's engagement provides evidence of existing registry gaps. Neither the S&T agents nor the Honduras Foreign Policy have identified, mapped, and characterized Honduran scientists' emigration patterns. Evidence suggests the willingness of the HSD to transfer knowledge, build bridges, and facilitate access to world-class research practices to their peers residing in Honduras and interact with broader sectors of the Honduran society.
What Are the Readability Issues in Sub-Contracting’s Tender Documents?
Authors: Akal Ahmed Yousry
Published: June 2022

Readability is an important aspect that each sub-contracting’s tender documentation should have in order to ensure commonality in the interpretation of its terms by the general contractor and sub-contractor. Otherwise, their contractual relationship is fueled by conflict. Previous studies indicated that the documents provided to the sub-contractors in practice are often not easy to read; the reason behind this problem has not been explored yet. This paper bridges this gap by defining 14 readability issues, following a systematic content analysis of real documents of 34 tenders of the sub-contracting arrangement. Further, it introduces a framework of the anti-measures of the specified issues through examining the readability-associated literature. The research’s chief finding is that 8 out of the 14 readability issues are responsible for 73.1184% of the ease-of-reading problems in the sub-contracting’s tender documentation. These readability issues are as follows: poor presentation of the format of the tender documentation, sentences and clauses are too long and complicated, spelling and grammatical errors, abstractness or vagueness of words or sentences, using controversial phrases, repetition of provisions or clauses, poor illustration of procedure or process, and listing of irrelevant conditions to the tender scope. The study also, while discussing the readability issues, categorizes them into four pivots, including structural and presentation-related problems, lengthening and repetition-related problems, text-related problems, and terminology-related problems. To date, it is believed that such classification has not been realized in any of the prior literature. These results have implications that can benefit drafters by enabling them to know the possible dimensions of the readability problems and their countermeasures concerning the sub-contracting’s tender documents for up-skilling their drafting style when formulating such documentation in the future.
A Golden Treasure from Korea: The Gilt-Bronze Bodhisattva Statue of Silla
Authors: Lim Young-ae
Published: June 2022

A gilt-bronze statue of a standing bodhisattva was discovered at the Sŏllimwŏn Temple site. The statue is notable as its halo and pedestal were found intact at the time of discovery, and the bodhisattva figure itself is almost perfectly preserved. There are only a few instances of gilt-bronze statues from the Unified Silla kingdom that can be definitively linked to the site of their original placement. Sŏllimwŏn was physically distant from the royal palace, but its status as a central temple of the Sŏn School 禪宗 and the activities of pre-eminent monks in the ninth century made it important enough to become the site for a splendid gilt-bronze bodhisattva statue. Based on physical, stylistic, and scientific evidence, the statue dates to the latter half of the ninth century and has ties to the Buddhist monk Master Honggak 弘覺禪師. A unique example of a gilt-bronze sculpture, the Sŏllimwŏn bodhisattva is a valuable part of Buddhist material culture in Korea.
Actual problems and prospects for the development of glamping-accommodation in the territory of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Higher School of Management of Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Kashirsky A. G. , Nikolskaya E. Yu. ,   Department of Hotel and Tourism Management of Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Published: June 2022

Today, the number of consumers who are not satisfied with the monotony of standard hotels is steadily growing, and when planning a vacation, they pay special attention to the environmental aspects of travel and accommodation, the location of the institution and the condition of the territory, the type and feature of the hotel, comfort and design of the premises. One of the promising areas of development in the field of hotel business are hotels in the style of glamping-accommodation.
The direction of development of the promotion process in the hotel using SMM tools
Authors:   MGUSIT, Russia, Moscow, Jojua V. M. , Ivushkina P. V. ,   MGUSIT, Russia, Moscow, Usacheva E. V. ,   MGUSIT, Russia, Moscow, Usacheva E. V. ,   Department of Hotel and Restaurant Business Moscow State University of Sports and Tourism State Autonomous Educational Institution "Moscow State University of Sport and Tourism"
Published: June 2022

In the modern world, the individuality of the hotel becomes a unique brand, followed by large partner companies and new customers. Due to its reputation, a hotel can occupy a high position in the market, but it depends both on the coherence of all systems in the hotel itself, and on advertising and positioning itself in social networks. The most important thing in launching advertising is to earn the trust of subscribers (who in turn are potential customers), this must be done with the help of proper profile maintenance and design, as well as with the help of other SMM tools, which will be discussed in more detail in the article.
Autism Spectrum Disorders in Adults. Review
Authors: Петрова Н.Н.
Published: June 2022

Обзор литературы посвящен проблеме расстройств аутистического спектра (РАС), в том числе во взрослом возрасте. Приводятся современные представления о РАС. Показано место РАС в современных систематиках. Дается характеристика распространенности и проявлениям РАС во взрослой популяции, особенностям социальной адаптации лиц с данными расстройствами, психиатрической коморбидности, подходам к диагностике, дифференциальной диагностике и оказанию психиатрической помощи взрослым с РАС.

A review of the literature is devoted to the problem of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), including in adults. Current ideas about ASD are presented. The place of ASD in modern systematics is shown. The prevalence and manifestations of ASD in the adult population, the characteristics of social adaptation of persons with ASD, psychiatric comorbidity, approaches to diagnosis, differential diagnosis and psychiatric care for adults with ASD are characterized.
Impact of Psychological Barriers on Metabolic Status in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ерёма А.В. , Марцинкевич А.Ф. , Байкова И.А. , Данилова Л.И.
Published: June 2022

По нашему мнению, перед началом обучения в Школе сахарного диабета необходимо проводить анализ поведения пациентов с сахарным диабетом (СД) 2-го типа или предиабетом для идентификации индивидуальных барьеров. Работа специалистов и пациентов по улучшению поведения, связанного c диабетом, требует концентрации усилий на определенных изменениях психической сферы пациента. Понимание психологических барьеров, а также выработка успешных приемов по их преодолению позволят уже на первых этапах обучения применить наиболее подходящие интервенции для достижения лучших результатов в формировании поведения, связанного с сахарным диабетом.В данной статье рассматриваются психологические факторы, которые могут негативно влиять на гликемический контроль и адаптацию к жизни пациентов с СД 2-го типа. При анализе психологических барьеров было уделено внимание когнитивным нарушениям (КН), тревожным и депрессивным реакциям, влиянию на качество жизни и остаточные знания, а также мотивации к изменениям поведения, связанного с диабетом.

In our opinion, before starting education at the School of Diabetes Mellitus, it is necessary to analyze the behavior of patients with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes to identify individual barriers. The work of professionals and patients to improve diabetes-related behavior requires a focus on specific mental changes in the patient. Understanding psychological barriers, as well as developing successful techniques to overcome them, allows you to apply the most appropriate interventions in the early stages to achieve the best results in shaping diabetes-related behavior.In this article describes the psychological factors that may adversely affect glycemic control and adapt patients to life with diabetes. In analyzing psychological barriers, attention was paid to cognitive impairment, anxiety and depressive reactions, the impact of quality of life and residual knowledge, and motivation for behavioral changes associated with diabetes.
Factors Associated with the Risk of Addictive Behavior in Patients After Spinal Trauma
Authors: Котова О.А. , Байкова И.А. , Веялкин И.В.
Published: June 2022

В статье отражен анализ собственных исследований авторами факторов риска развития алкогольной зависимости у пациентов с последствиями спинальной травмы. Для этого был проведен комплексный анализ оценки факторов риска развития алкогольной зависимости, который показал, что группа пациентов с последствиями спинальной травмы с риском алкогольной зависимости характеризуется специфическими особенностями, которые отличают их от пациентов с риском развития алкогольной зависимости без спинальной травмы. В ходе исследования у пациентов с травмой позвоночника и риском развития аддиктивного поведения выявлены психические расстройства – у 77,4%, представлены в форме легкого депрессивного эпизода, посттравматического стрессового расстройства, расстройств адаптации. Кроме того, авторы приходят к выводу, что данную категорию пациентов характеризует наличие ощущения безнадежности, соматического дистресса в сочетании с болевыми симптомами и недифференцированной тревогой.

The article reflects the analysis of the authors’ own research on risk factors for patients with the consequences of spinal injury for alcohol dependence. For this purpose, a comprehensive analysis of the risk factors for alcohol dependence was conducted. It showed that a group of patients with spinal injury consequences and alcohol dependence risk are characterized by specific personal features that distinguish them from patients with a risk of alcohol dependence without spinal injury. During the research, it revealed that 77.4% of patients with spinal injury and the risk of developing addictive behavior have mental disorders and present them in the form of a mild depressive episodes, post- traumatic stress disorders and adaptation disorders. In addition, the authors conclude that patients are characterized by a feeling of hopelessness, somatic distress in combination with pain symptom sand undifferentiated anxiety.
Psychotherapy of Non-effective Coping Strategies of Spouses Coming through Infidelity Crisis
Authors: Кедярова Е.А. , Уварова М.Ю. , Монжиевская В.В. , Монжиевская В.В. , Чернецкая Н.И.
Published: June 2022

В статье представлено исследование копинг-стратегий супругов, переживающих кризис измены. Супруги, переживающие кризис измены, являются уязвимыми с точки зрения психологического благополучия, поскольку в ситуации измены у них часто актуализируются неэффективные стратегии совладания. Переживание измены не только глубоко затрагивает личность обманутого партнера, но и создает ситуацию, в которой психотерапия становится жизненно важной. Выявлено, что у многих супругов в ситуации кризиса измены отмечается преобладание таких непродуктивных стратегий, как конфронтация, дистанцирование, избегание, а также импульсивные действия. Была реализована психотерапия 40 лицам в ситуации супружеской измены. В ходе психотерапии использовались преимущественно когнитивно-поведенческий и гештальт-подходы. Оценка изменения копинг-стратегий показала, что индивидуальная психотерапия способствовала развитию продуктивных копинг-стратегий. В частности, испытуемые стали в большей мере склонны к проявлению таких особенностей поведения, как самообладание, обращение за поддержкой и поиск внешних (социальных) ресурсов, анализ ситуации и возможных вариантов поведения, планирование собственных действий с учетом объективных условий, прошлого опыта и имеющихся ресурсов, а также стали менее зависимы от внешних влияний и оценок, проявили большую способность самостоятельно регулировать собственное поведение.

The paper presents the research of coping strategies of spouses coming through infidelity crisis. These spouses are vulnerable from the point of psychological well-being because in the situation of discovered infidelity they often show non-effective coping strategies. Cheating and infidelity always touches deep parts of the person who was betrayed, and that can be the beginning of a long family crisis, deep crisis in the couple. That becomes a material for psychotherapy which sometimes can be vital. It was shown that many spouses coming through infidelity crisis are using non-productive coping strategies such as confrontation, social distancing, escapism and also impulsive actions. Psychotherapy was used with 40 clients coming through infidelity crisis. Psychotherapy was realized using cognitive, behavioral and gestalt methods. Coping strategies change assessment had shown that psychological work developed productive coping strategies. For example spouses started to use more often such strategies as self-control, appeal for support, social resources search, analytical strategies, planning strategies that could integrate their new negative experience into their identity. As a result they turned to be more autonomic and responsible for their lives and emotions.
Catering Contract of Restaurants in the English Law. A Comparative Analytical Study with Iraqi Civil Law
Authors: Ali Yunus
Published: June 2022

The Catering contract is considered as a type of hospitality contracts in the English common law of customary origins. Which is unwritten and based upon judicial precedents of the English courts. It is a complex contract of mixed nature، Is Regarded as a contract for the sale of meals of food and drink،, and is considered as a contract for supply of services concerning the preparation of food and drink، for providing them to the customer، as well as being a bailment contract. It is worth-bearing in mind that this contract is subject to the rules of three important English legislations: The Sale of Goods Act 1979، The Supply of Goods and Services 1982، The Consumer Protection Act 1987، and The Consumer Rights Act 2015. It is also worth-mentioning that a lot of Statutorily Implied Terms can be extracted from this contract. Whereas the Iraqi civil code No.40 of 1951 did not regulate expressly this contract within the nominate contracts، but the rules of both the contract of sale and enterprise can be applied to this contract، because it contains sale of food and drink، as well as other services closely related to it، which the restaurateur provides to the customer.
INFLUENCE OF DRYING TEMPERATURE ON QUALITY OF NONI FRUIT (Morinda Citrifolia L.)
Authors: Nguyen Phung Kim , Nguyen Hien Thi
Published: June 2022

The study aims at identifying the effects of drying temperature on quality of Noni fruit, which is grown in Tra Vinh Province. The experiment was arranged according to drying temperature 60oC, 70oC, 80oC, 90oC when the humidity reached 8%. The total polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity of noni were observed. The results showed that the total polyphenol content at the temperatures was 53.53 mg GAE per 100 g dry matter; 57.17 mg GAE/100 g dry matter; 51.73 mg GAE/100 g dry matter; 52.34 mg GAE/100 g dry matter. The samples at 70oC was found with the highest antioxidant  activity (21%) and decreased with increasing drying temperature.
STUDY ON FACTORS AFECTING SENSORY QUALITY OF JACKFRUIT JELLY CANDY (Artocarpus heterophyllus)
Authors: Vo Hoang Minh , Le Han Thi Cam
Published: June 2022

This study was conducted to determine the effect of jackfruit puree concentration, sugar, lemon juice and gelatin on the quality of jackfruit jelly candy. The experiment was conducted by mixing jackfruit puree : sugar : lemon juice in different proportions. Then, the  concentration experiment was performed according to the two-actor arrangement of different temperature and time levels. Sensory evaluation according to the 9-point hedonic scale. The results show that the combination of jackfruit puree : sugar : lemon juice is 35 : 35 : 5 with a ratio of 20% gelatin, the candy cooking time is 40 minutes to produce a product of jackfruit jelly candy with yellow color, the aroma of jackfruit,sweet and slightly sour taste, and there is a statistically significant difference (F = 171.36, df= 4, p < 0.05), and the product is perceived as the most favorite according to the sensory evaluation of consumers.
CHANGES IN SPIRITUAL CULTURE OF KINH PEOPLE LIVING IN RURAL AREA IN VINH LONG PROVINCE, VIET NAM, FROM 1986 TO PRESENT
Authors: Bui No Van
Published: June 2022

The study examines the changes in spiritual cultural life of the Kinh people in rural area of Vinh Long Province from 1986 to present. Observation and interview are the two main methods used in this study. The resultsshow that the spiritual cultural life of the Kinh ethnic group in Vinh Long Province from 1986 up to now has undergone many changes. The main changes are identified in the following aspects: beliefs, religions, traditional festivals and customs of marriage, funerals. These changes are due to many reasons such as changes in the socio economic environment, the residents’ needs.
COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING: AN EFFECTIVE APPROACH IN INTERPRETATION CLASSES
Authors: Nguyen Thao Hieu
Published: June 2022

It is generally believed that interpreting quality is mostly driven by the level of language competency. Studies supporting this view have been broadly achieved through the use of various teaching approaches and strategies. However, most of these focus on the development of language skills rather than students’ topical knowledge, interpreting skill sets or interpreting outcomes. This paper aims at introducing the effectiveness of implementing a competencybased approach into English language classrooms. This approach was implemented into two interpretation groups, who are pursuing English as their major. There are notable outcomes found after employing competency-based approach in interpreting classes. Firstly, students were able to perform the task more fluently and confidently. Secondly, students used more appropriate language to interpret in concrete scenarios; and lastly, students showed strong preferences for advanced preparation and practice materials built upon their knowledge and competence. In order to apply competency-based approach more effectively and widely in interpretation courses, suggestions are made for lecturers and school leaders on the continuous update with respect to syllabuses design, course materials, and teaching assessment. It is hoped that this paper will give some insights on the use of competency-based approach in interpretation classes to equip students with skills and knowledge to successfully perform interpreting works.
A CRITICAL LOOK AT BUDDHIST RELIGIOUS TEXTS TRANSLATION METHODS THROUGH THE VIETNAMESE VERSION OF THERAVADA MAJJHIMA NIKAYA (MIDDLE-LENGTH DISCOURSES)
Authors: Do Liem Huy
Published: June 2022

Translation of Buddha’s discourses (suttas) is one of the most challenging yet less researched areas in Translation Studies. The question of ‘a faithful translated version’ gains most importance in the translation process. The main focus of this research is to foreground the Buddhist theory of interpretation and translation and to look into the Vietnamese translated version of Majjhima Nikaya (MN) of Theravada Buddhism’s Pali Sutta Collection semantically and etymologically. The study found out that, just like translated works in any other language, the Vietnamese translations of the suttas are still not satisfactory versions for readers- both monks and laypeople, as the translators determined the meanings of Buddhist texts from their own cultural and religious experience, outlook, and interpretative traditions. Han (Chinese) language influence of the Mahayana tradition suttas was also commonly found on both semantic and etymological features of the translations. Therefore, there is a crucial need to envisage and define proper methods of translation that would help translators of Buddhist religious texts to convey the real meaning of Buddha’s teaching to the learners. This is very crucial in the Asian contexts, especially in Vietnam, because Asian conceptions of language, interpretation, translation, literature, aesthetics are very different from that of the West, and even vary by country. Future translators should have a professional attitude towards the translation of such religious texts, should possess both language proficiency and wide knowledge in religious matters. Most important, they should put their heart  into every of their religious translation works.