bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Montelukast Use and Patterns of Ambulatory Care among Asian versus Non-Asian Adult Patients with Asthma and/or Allergic Rhinitis in the United States
Authors: Vasey Joseph , Bagga Shalini , Huang Huan , Wang Tongsheng , Thompson David
Published: October 2019

Background: Asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR) are inflammatory conditions that are similar in pathophysiology. Mild-to-moderate persistent asthma has been widely treated with inhaled corticosteroids, while allergic rhinitis is commonly treated with antihistamines, nasal corticosteroids, anticholinergics, and other allergy specific medications. The introduction of montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, has opened a treatment pathway that is common to both conditions. Previous real world studies of montelukast (Singulair®) relative to other medications have not investigated the role of race in the management of asthma and AR, specifically as relates to differences among Asian versus non-Asian patients. Objective: To contrast montelukast use and patterns of ambulatory care for adult Asian versus non-Asian patients in the United States with asthma and/or AR. Methods: Data for adult asthma and AR patients were extracted from a national electronic medical records database for the years 2006-2014. Patients were classified into condition cohort (Asthma-Only, AR-Only, Asthma & AR), and treatment condition (monotherapy or combination therapy, with or without montelukast for Asthma and Asthma & AR cohorts, usual care with or without montelukast for AR-Only) and stratified by race (Asian vs. non-Asian). Results: Overall patterns of use of montelukast were similar for Asian and non-Asian patients, but Asians were more likely to receive it as part of a combination therapy regimen. Changes in treatment regimen followed similar patterns for both groups. Asian patients with both asthma and AR were found to have lower service utilization rates if their therapy included montelukast, whereas for non-Asians there was no significant difference between regimens with or without montelukast. Conclusion: Differences in montelukast use and outcomes of care exist between Asian and non-Asian patients in the United States. Future research should explore the reasons for these differences and whether they can be replicated in non-US settings.
Budget Impact Analysis of Darbepoetin Alfa Every 3 Weeks versus Epoetin Alfa Every Week for Cancer Patients with Anemia due to the Effect of Concomitant Myelosuppressive Chemotherapy
Authors: McGarvey November , Xu Hairong
Published: October 2019

Background: Anemia is a common complication among patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and can cause significant costs to health plans.

Objective: The objective of this study is to estimate the annual budget impact of drug treatment associated with treating cancer patients with anemia due to the effect of concomitant myelosuppressive chemotherapy (i.e., chemotherapy-induced anemia [CIA]) with erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs), either darbepoetin alfa (DA) once every 3 weeks (Q3W) or epoetin alfa (EA) once every week (QW), for a large US health plan in 2014.

Methods: Using a patient database from a large US health plan in 2010 (n = 14 811 119), the potential CIA patient population was determined (1842 patients each per DA and EA). A budget impact of ESA treatment on this patient population in 2014 was calculated. The analysis assumed a minimum of 2 additional months of chemotherapy from initiation of the analysis. The 2014 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) reimbursement rates used were: average sales price +12% of $3.68/mcg (DA) and $11.38/1000 IU (EA), and office-based injection cost of $25.08.

Results: The estimated 2014 annual average drug costs per patient with CIA were $5520 (DA) and $5833 (EA). Annual average drug costs for administrations were estimated at $100 (DA) and $301 (EA) for 2014. Per member per year (PMPY) costs for patients with CIA were estimated at $5620 (DA) and $6134 (EA) for 2014. The annual total costs per CIA population (n=1842) were estimated at $10 352 629 (DA) and $11 298 798 (EA) for 2014.

Conclusion: DA Q3W has the potential to provide cost savings over EA QW in terms of annual average drug cost per patient with CIA ($313 savings), PMPY costs for patients with CIA ($514 savings), and total cost per CIA population ($946 169 savings).
Limits of grid extension in the Lao PDR: A financial perspective
Authors: Susanto Julius
Published: October 2019

This paper articulates a financial model for estimating the limits of grid extensionin the Lao PDR versus three decentralised renewable energy (DRE) options: micro-hydropower,pico-hydropower and solar photovoltaic. The model is based on a like-for-like comparison of thedifferent DRE options against grid extension, such that each option supplies the same amount ofelectricity (in kWh) over the project timeframe. The amount of electricity supplied is estimatedbased on the forecast electricity demand of a typical rural Lao household. Therefore, if a householdconsumes 7 kWh per day, then the micro-hydro, pico-hydro, solar PV and grid extension systems areall sized in the model to supply 7 kWh per day. This is in contrast to more conventional approaches,where grid extension is compared to DRE systems of typically lower capacities (e.g. grid extensioncompared against 50 W solar home systems). The limits of grid extension are expressed in termsof a breakeven distance, which is the maximum distance from a village at which grid extension isthe more cost-effective option. Beyond this breakeven distance, DRE technologies can be installedat a lower cost, while providing the same amount of electricity to the end-user.
Dust masks for Indian quarry workers: A comparative analysis of the filtering efficiency of fabrics
Authors: Maxted Benton
Published: October 2019

The filtration properties of Indian fabrics were measured using modified respiratory protective device (RPD) tests, to match conditions in Indian quarries. Results were compared to those of dust masks meeting Australian and International standards. Four layers of loose weave fabrics were found to perform best, but would still be insufficient for use at sites with highly hazardous dusts.
Development and commercialisation of rechargeable wooden LED lamps
Authors: Schultz Bradley
Published: October 2019

The focus of this project was to work with local staff at Kathmandu Alternative Power and Energy Group to commercialise a product which would generate recurring income for the organisation, to enable staff to learn the process of commercialisation and to provide employment and skills in the local community. Rechargeable Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps were deemed suitable for these aims, as they are a simple product, yet one that is urgently required in Nepal due to the prevalence of ‘load-shedding’ – scheduled electrical blackouts. After reviewing the market, it was found that it would be impossible to compete with the price of cheap imported Chinese rechargeable LED lamps, so an alternative approach was taken. This involved sourcing wooden off-cuts from a local furniture factory and transforming them into attractive desk lamps, with the target market being affluent Nepalis, ex-pats living in Nepal and tourists. Successful initial sales were achieved through a Kathmandu-based ex-pat email group, hotel-markets and souvenir stores. KAPEG staff have continued the project, producing variations on the initial design including Himalayan rock salt lamps, employing local people to manufacture lamps and selling them at markets in Kathmandu. Staffing and marketing challenges remain to ensure the lamp manufacture and sales continue.
Investigation into sanitation options for rural Kien Giang Province, Vietnam
Authors: Main Tracey
Published: October 2019

This project was developed during a three month internship with Habitat for Humanity Vietnam (HFHV) supported by the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) Engineers Without Borders Australia (EWB) Development Scholarship for 2010/2011. During discussions with HFHV staff, several areas of concern with regards to sanitation and hygiene practices in rural Kien Giang Province were raised. These included the widespread use of drop toilets over waterways, poor hygiene practices in impoverished households and in schools, lack of sanitation options for HFHV construction programmes and no facilities for emptying existing septic tanks of accumulated sludge. This article evaluates existing sanitation technologies for introduction into HFHV’s construction programme in Kien Giang Province. It was determined that for onsite disposal of sanitation system products, the double dehydration vault, the composting chamber and the urine collection tank were appropriate technologies. Pit latrines or variations thereof were deemed inappropriate because of the high watertables. Anaerobic reactor systems were deemed inappropriate as they accumulate pathogenic sludge and effluent for which there is currently no appropriate treatment that meets the project design criteria. As onsite disposal system demand may be low due to cultural and social taboos, an investigation and discussion into offsite treatment was also undertaken. It was determined that a co-composting facility would be the most appropriate offsite treatment technology.
Rainwater harvesting systems for a high quality, supplementary water supply in Nepal
Authors: Nichols Jane
Published: October 2019

Although Nepal is rich in water resources, in 2011 it was estimated that water supply coverage across Nepal is only 80.4 % of which only 17.9 % of water supply systems are considered to be functioning well. Nepal Water for Health (NEWAH) is a Nepali non-government organisation that has implemented several rainwater harvesting systems (RWHS) in the rural hilly regions of Nepal. Hydrological modelling and analysis of NEWAH’s RWHS allowed for the development of a strategy to improve the effectiveness of the systems. RWHS will always be limited in Nepal due to monsoonal rainfall patterns however this high quality water supply should be prioritised for cooking and drinking. Increasing catchment areas to at least 30 m² instead of increasing tank volumes can efficiently increase the water supply. A literature review on the quality of harvested rainwater was completed, and recommendations were made for maintaining the high quality of water throughout collection, conveyance, storage and use. Monitoring and evaluation of installed systems is necessary and recommendations need to be further investigated and considered in Nepal where the social and cultural context can be fully understood. Appropriate use of this technology can provide a high quality supplementary water supply that can directly improve the health of consumers and provide those living in the hilly regions of Nepal with the foundations for further development.
Five Guiding Principles to Enhance Community Participation in Humanitarian Engineering Projects.
Authors: Mazzurco Andrea , Jesiek Brent K
Published: October 2019

Humanitarian engineering (HE) is a very complex endeavour that requires addressing technical problems whilst concurrently engaging the community members who will ultimately benefit from the engineers’ solutions. Community participation is particularly important because it is directly linked to the sustainability of projects. Whilst many strategies have been proposed to engage partner communities, the HE literature lacks a comprehensive framework of guiding principles for more effectively engaging community members. The goal of this study is to develop a framework of principles that can support humanitarian engineering professionals and educators to enhance the participation of community members. In this study, we used a qualitative systematised literature review to collect 49 journal articles focused on humanitarian engineering projects and strategies. The analysis of the collected papers led to identification of five guiding principles: 1) collaborating with local champions (NGOs and similar), 2) harnessing local resources and expertise, 3) integrating ethics and social justice, 4) building trusting and equitable relationships, and 5) creating competent multi or inter-disciplinary teams. The identified principles provide a framework that can enable humanitarian professionals and educators involved in small-scale HE projects to enhance the way they interact with community members. We conclude the paper with a series of questions based on the five principles that may allow humanitarian engineers to reflect on the way they interact with community members and thus enhance their relationships. We also invite other humanitarian engineers to further expand concepts related to the suggested principles, and to explore ways to best apply these principles in practice.
Assessing the impact of durable flooring structures on refugee sleep quality and duration
Authors: Greene Thomas James , Chao Christina Ann
Published: October 2019

Conflict and persecution continue to displace people from their homes adding to an already overwhelming refugee crisis worldwide. Overall, refugee health is difficult to measure objectively and is influenced by a number of factors including transient, and often inadequate, housing conditions. Emergency Floor (EF) is a quickly deployable, lightweight, insulated flooring system intended to protect temporary structures from extreme temperatures and outdoor conditions. A pilot study was conducted in two informal tented settlements in Hermel-Baalbek, Lebanon to assess how installing Emergency Floors in tented shelters impacted sleep duration and quality, indicators of overall wellness, among refugees. A baseline survey was administered, and Emergency Floors were installed in all households in both settlements in October 2016. A follow-up survey was conducted to record outcomes in April 2017. Thirty-four households consisting of 150 individuals participated in the baseline survey. Seven households were were not available for follow-up survey due to moving away from the area. The final sample yielded a total of 27 households and 120 individuals. Results indicated that sleep duration significantly increased, and sleep quality significantly improved after EF installation. Furthermore, respondents reported feeling more comfortable, warmer, safer, and cleaner when sleeping in a shelter with EF installed. These encouraging results suggest an overall increase in perceived well-being. Future research should continue monitoring floors to assess long term wear and explore additional uses for EF in other temporary structures.
Development and external validation of a logistic regression derived algorithm to estimate a 12-month post open defecation free slippage risk
Authors: Simangolwa Warren Mukelabai
Published: October 2019

Appropriate open defecation free (ODF) sustainability interventions are key to further mobilise communities to consume sanitation and hygiene products and services that enhance household’s quality of life and embed household behavioural change for heathier communities. This study aims to develop a logistic regression derived risk algorithm to estimate a 12-month ODF slippage risk and externally validate the model in an independent data set. ODF slippage occurs when one or more toilet adequacy parameters are no longer present for one or more toilets in a community. Data in the Zambia district health information software for water sanitation and hygiene management information system for Chungu and Chabula chiefdoms was used for the study. The data was retrieved from the date of chief Chungu and Chabula chiefdoms' attainment of ODF status in October 2016 for 12 months until September 2017 for the development and validation data sets respectively. Data was assumed to be missing completely at random and the complete case analysis approach was used. The events per variables were satisfactory for both the development and validation data sets. Multivariable regression with a backwards selection procedure was used to decide candidate predictor variables with p < 0.05 meriting inclusion. To correct for optimism, the study compared amount of heuristic shrinkage by comparing the model’s apparent C-statistic to the C- statistic computed by nonparametric bootstrap resampling. In the resulting model, an increase in the covariates ‘months after ODF attainment’, ‘village population’ and ‘latrine built after CLTS’, were all associated with a higher probability of ODF slippage. Conversely, an increase in the covariate ‘presence of a handwashing station with soap’, was associated with reduced probability of ODF slippage. The predictive performance of the model was improved by the heuristic shrinkage factor of 0.988. The external validation confirmed good prediction performance with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.85 and no significant lack of fit (Hosmer-Lemeshow test: p = 0.246). The results must be interpreted with caution in regions where the ODF definitions, culture and other factors are different from those asserted in the study.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE ZONAS DE PERFIL CONCEITUAL COMO ESTRATÉGIA PARA AVALIAÇÃO DA APRENDIZAGEM SOBRE TRANSFORMAÇÕES QUÍMICAS E FÍSICAS A PARTIR DA TEMÁTICA LIXO
Authors: Borges Vilela-Ribeiro Eveline , Canavarro Benite Anna Maria
Published: October 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de estudar as zonas de perfis conceituais como estratégia para avaliação da aprendizagem sobre transformações químicas e físicas. Foi planejada uma estratégia didática abordando transformações físicas e químicas utilizando o tema gerador “lixo”, e aplicada em cinco escolas de ensino médio nas cidades de Jataí e Goiânia, ambas do Estado de Goiânia, Brasil. Foi avaliada a aprendizagem dos estudantes utilizando zonas de perfil conceitual em condições adaptadas. Também foram relacionados os perfis conceituais alcançados pelos estudantes à escola que eles frequentam. Dos 46 estudantes que participaram da avaliação da estratégia, 18 apresentaram perfil conceitual “Confuso”, 15 deles, com um perfil conceitual “Cozinha”; e 13 com perfil “Mecânico”. Foi evidenciado que mais de 70% dos estudantes, mesmo após a aula ou a estratégia didática, ainda possuíam perfis conceituais incoerentes. Embora os perfis conceituais tenham sido considerados adequados para avaliar o desempenho dos estudantes sobre o assunto, foi percebido que a estratégia didática não foi eficiente para promover o aprendizado sobre o assunto para os estudantes.
ALFABETIZAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA E TECNOLÓGICA NA VISÃO DE ALUNOS ENCARCERADOS
Authors: Carvalho de Oliveira Antonella , Beraldi Godoy Leite Damaris , Monteiro Castilho Foggiatto Silveira Rosemari , Frasson Antonio Carlos
Published: October 2019

A presente pesquisa analisa a alfabetização científica tecnológica (ACT) no ensino médio, sob a ótica de alunos privados de liberdade, articulando os conceitos de educação no sistema prisional e CTS. As discussões se apoiam em autores da atualidade, bem como clássicos da área, portanto, a pesquisa tem cunho bibliográfico. É exploratória porque embora a ACT seja constante alvo de pesquisas no Brasil, são parcos os trabalhos que aliam essas concepções à educação no sistema carcerário. O procedimento técnico adotado foi o estudo de caso. Os dados foram obtidos mediante aplicação de questionário a 43 alunos privados de liberdade, egressos do ensino médio de um Centro Estadual de Educação Básica para Jovens e Adultos da rede pública do Paraná, localizado dentro de uma unidade penal. Todos os alunos assinaram o termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. Convém elucidar que embora os alunos sejam egressos do ensino médio, os mesmos permanecem presos em regime fechado e/ou semiaberto na referida unidade penal. A hipótese elaborada para o estudo partiu da premissa de que os alunos privados de liberdade não são alfabetizados cientificamente em função das limitações impostas pelo sistema carcerário, o que vem corroborar com a origem humilde e ausência de escolarização em idade adequada da totalidade dos alunos pesquisados.
Contemporary Challenges in Sociomuseology Research
Authors: Primo Judite
Published: October 2019

In the context of the Museology of Scientific Research, in recent decades, it has gained more importance as the themes and approaches connect with socio-cultural and political-economic realities.
This article approaches an investigation in the field of sociomuseology and how it articulates with some of the challenges of contemporaneity and what are their articulations with local and international contexts. Therefore, it aims at a better understanding of the issues that impact on contemporary society and, consequently, in the area of ​​Museology. During the most recent period of a change in the Museology sector, sociomology research has been expanded both in the breadth of approaches and topics addressed, as well as in the new threats that feed back the work done. The article will be based on the reflection and practice of the Ibero-American Museum, but whenever possible from an understanding of a broader context.

Keywords: Sociomuseology, Museology, Research, Research, Contemporary.
Challenges in preserving Afro-Brazilian heritage at MAFRO / UFBA
Authors: Teixeira Maria
Published: October 2019

The Afro-Brazilian heritage has been, over the centuries, neglected by academia and institutions, particularly as prejudices and structural racism in our society. This article will treat, in the context of Social Museology, actions for the conservation of Afro-Brazilian Heritage, held at the Afro-Brazilian Museum of the Federal University of Bahia (MAFRO / UFBA), from 2011 to 2016.
MAFRO is a university museum that was born in 19740, with an incubation of preserving and disseminating memory, treating services related to African and Afro-Brazilian cultures and promoting contacts with the local community.
As the preservation actions treated, carried out between 2011 and 2016, were developed in favor of research directed to the collection and as its problems, the conservation of movable goods and communication processes. These actions were marked by challenges and problems that were revealed at the interface between preservation and communication of heritage.
Escola Nova and Leontina Busch: School Museums and Historical-Pedagogical Museums in the State of São Paulo between the 1930s and 1970s
Authors: Pausini Adel
Published: October 2019

The reorganization of the Brazilian state in the 1930s was a fertile environment for the advance of new educational politics committed with the novice school movement that glimpsed in the school museum, wide possibilities of instrumentalization of teaching, which facilitated the emergence of several publications within the school. education on the subject, such as the book by Leontina Busch, entitled "Organization of School Museums", and the proposal of the 1930s was redefined in São Paulo in the 1950s with the creation of the state network of Historical-Pedagogical Museums, added in its function of the search for the valorization of the paulista republican imaginary in the interior of the state, network linked to the formal system of basic education of the state government, with low level of autonomy and mechanisms of local and popular participation outside the regular educational institutions, problems added to the process of constitution of collections, specialized training and the difficult of following the processes of accelerated transformation in the field of museology in the 1970s were some of the issues faced by the politic conducted by Vinicius Sten. Based on a consistent bibliographic review, this article attempts to reconstruct this process of connection between school museums and historical-pedagogical museums by the novice school aegis, seeking distances and proximity, advances and setbacks in relation to the establishment of the New Museology in the 1970s.

Keywords: School Museum; Formal Education; Historical-Pedagogical Museum; Regional
واقع الاختصاصي النفسي في مرحلة التعليم الأساسي كما يدركه الاختصاصيون أنفسهم
Authors: الأطرش حسين محمد
Published: October 2019

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على واقع الاختصاصي النفسي في مرحلة التعليم الأساسي كما يدركه الاختصاصيون أنفسهم, ثم إجراء هذه الدراسة على عينة من الاختصاصيين بمدارس التعليم الأساسي الشطر الثاني بمدينة مصراتة (2014-2015م), وبلغ عددهم (60) أخصائيًّا وأخصائية, واستخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي لملاءمته لطبيعة الدراسة, واعتمد أداة الدراسة على الاستبانة, وثم التأكد من ثباتها وصدقها, واستخدم الباحث معامل ارتباط بيرسون ومعادلة الوسط المرجح والوزن المئوي في تحليل البيانات. وقد اتضح نتائج الدراسة من خلال الأوساط المرجحة والأوزان المئوية, التي حصلت عليها تلك المهمات التي عكستها الاستبانة حيث كانت (30) فقرة مقبولة بأوزان مئوية تراوحت بين (67-93), في حين جاءت بعض المهمات بأوساط مرجحة وأوزان مئوية منخفضة عن القيمة المطلوبة, وهما فقرتان (29 – 13) بأوزان مئوية تراوحت بين(60-62) لم تنفد بالشكل المطلوب من قبل الاختصاصي في المدرسة حسب استجابات الاختصاصيين أنفسهم, والتي هي (يتعاون فيها مع أولياء الأمور في تخطيط مستقبل أبنائهم الدراسي والمهني) و(يحول الحالات التي لم يتمكن من التعامل معها إلى الجهات المختصة).
Fatores de Risco para Mortalidade Hospitalar na Endocardite Infecciosa
Authors: Marques Ana , Cruz Inês , Caldeira Daniel , Alegria Sofia , Gomes Ana Catarina , Luísa Broa Ana , João Isabel , Pereira Hélder
Published: October 2019

Fundamento: A endocardite infecciosa (EI) está associada a complicações graves e alta mortalidade. A avaliação das taxas de mortalidade e preditores de eventos fatais é importante para identificar fatores modificáveis relacionados ao padrão de tratamento, com o objetivo de melhorar os desfechos. Objetivos: Avaliar os desfechos clínicos de pacientes com EI e determinar preditores de mortalidade hospitalar. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo de centro único, incluindo pacientes com EI admitidos durante um período de 10 anos (2006-2015). Foram avaliados dados de comorbidades, apresentação clínica, microbiologia e desfechos clínicos durante a internação. Foram analisados os fatores de risco de morte hospitalar. Um valor de p < 0,05 foi considerado significativo. Resultados: Foram incluídos 134 casos (73% do sexo masculino, média de idade de 61 ± 16 anos). Metade dos casos apresentava cardiopatia valvar prévia. A EI associada a cuidados de saúde e hemoculturas negativas ocorreram em 22%, e a EI associada a prótese em 25%. A válvula aórtica foi a mais frequentemente afetada por infecção. Staphylococcus aureus foi o microrganismo mais comumente isolado. Quarenta e quatro (32,8%) pacientes foram submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca. A taxa de mortalidade hospitalar foi de 31,3% (42 pacientes). Os fatores de risco identificados para mortalidade hospitalar foram etiologia do Staphylococcus aureus (OR 6,47; IC 95%: 1,07-39,01; p = 0,042), hemoculturas negativas (OR 9,14; IC 95%: 1,42-58,77; p = 0,02), evidência de obstrução valvar na ecocardiografia (OR 8,57; IC 95%: 1,11-66,25; p = 0,039), evolução clínica com insuficiência cardíaca (OR 4,98; IC 95%: 1,31-18,92; p = 0,018) ou choque séptico (OR 20,26; IC 95%: 4,04-101,74; p < 0,001). A cirurgia cardíaca foi um fator protetor de mortalidade (OR 0,14; IC95%: 0,03-0,65; p = 0,012). Conclusão: Os fatores de risco para mortalidade hospitalar foram clínicos (insuficiência cardíaca, choque séptico), evidência de obstrução valvar no ecocardiograma, etiologia do Staphylococcus aureus ou hemoculturas negativas. O tratamento invasivo por cirurgia diminuiu significativamente o risco de mortalidade.
Inteligência Artificial em Cardiologia: Conceitos, Ferramentas e Desafios – “Quem Corre é o Cavalo, Você Precisa ser o Jóquei”
Authors: Marques de Souza Filho Erito , de Amorim Fernandes Fernando , Lacerda de Abreu Soares Celine , Luiz Seixas Flavio , Augusto Sarmet M.D. dos Santos Alair , Altenburg Gismondi Ronaldo , Tinoco Mesquita Evandro , Tinoco Mesquita Claudio
Published: October 2019

Os recentes avanços ao nível de hardware e a crescente exigência de personalização dos cuidados associados às necessidades urgentes de criação de valor para os pacientes contribuíram para que a Inteligência Artificial (IA) promovesse uma mudança significativa de paradigma nas mais diversas áreas do conhecimento médico, em particular em Cardiologia, por sua capacidade de apoiar a tomada de decisões e melhorar o desempenho diagnóstico e prognóstico. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho faz uma revisão não-sistemática dos principais trabalhos publicados sobre IA em Cardiologia, com foco em suas principais aplicações, possíveis impactos e desafios.
THE PREVALENCE OF OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES AND ILLNESSES IN ASEAN: COMPARISON BETWEEN INDONESIA AND THAILAND
Authors: Irfani Tri Hari
Published: October 2019

Work is important in daily lives. ASEAN countries, especially in Indonesia and Thailand, the two countries are facing the era of improving industrial. The more increasing industry, the higher the level of accidents and diseases that will burden to the workers. In Indonesia, small industry is the biggest industry with a frequency of 83.70%. Accidents and illnesses to workers is still relatively high, eight workers died every day. In Thailand, 62.6% from 39.3 millions of workers, working as an informal and mostly in the agriculture sector. The number of workers who suffered accidents and diseases is also high, 129.632 in 2011 workers injured at work and accident and 37.933 of them were severe. Furthermore, due to the higher number of accident and diseases related with work in these two countries, it must take a more optimal prevention in order to reduce those problems.
THE INTERNAL FACTORS AFFECTING LUNG CAPACITY OF PEOPLE LIVING IN AREAS AROUND THE CEMENT INDUSTRY, INDONESIA
Authors: Jayadipraja Erwin Azizi , Daud Anwar , Assegaf Alimuddin Hamzah , - Maming
Published: October 2019

Background: Some internal factors have both positive and negative effects to people’s health, especially those who live in a polluted area. The area around the cement industry is an example of polluted area in which the lung capacity will be harmed.Aim: This research aimed at finding out internal factors affecting lung capacity of people living in the area around the cement industry.Methods: This research used a cross sectional study plan by measuring lung capacity (FEV1 and FVC) of people living in four different locations. The locations were based on wind directions and within 3 km from the cement industry. The study plan was also done by connecting the measurement with other factors, such as age, physical activities, nutrition status and passive smoking or environmental tobacco smoke (ETS).Results: Based on the calculation of lung capacity 241 respondents obtained 123 respondents (51%) had a normal lung capacity, 105 respondents (43.6%) had a restricted lung capacity, 4 respondents (1.7%) had an obstructed lung capacity and 9 respondents (3.7%) had a combination of a restricted and obstructed lung capacity. The age (p=0.977) and physical activities (p=0.087) of respondents had no effect on the lung capacity. However, nutrition status (p=0.011) and passive smoking or ETS (p=0.003) do.Conclusion: The nutrition status and the presence of a passive smoker were the internal factors affecting people’s lung capacity, especially for those who live around the cement industry. Thus, in order to avoid the impairment of lung capacity, people need to improve their nutrition and to avoid people smoking around them.
INVESTIGATION OF SUSPECTED PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY OUTBREAK IN DECHENTSEMO CENTRAL SCHOOL, THINLEYGANG, PUNAKHA
Authors: Ten Tshe , Dzed Laigden , Thinley Sangay , Tshomo Deki , Dechen Karma , Mo Zang , Mongar Dhan Bdr , Palzang Thupten , Yangzom Karma , Gyeltshen Tandin , Choki Pema , Wangchuk Sonam
Published: October 2019

Background: A suspected peripheral neuropathy outbreak was reported from Dechentsemo Central School, Thinleygang, Punakha, following which the investigation team was immediately dispatched in the field.Objective: The aim of investigation was to ascertain the cause and risk factor for the outbreak in order to implement control measures.Methods: A case control study was devised for the investigation to study about the past exposure or deficiencies in order to find out the suspected cause and risk factors.  A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was administered to both cases and controls to collect information on the type of food they have consumed. The information garnered was analyzed using Chi-Square or Fischer Exact test for categorical variables and Man-Whitney U-test for quantitative variables. Results: All 17 cases were females with mean age of 13 years (SD 2.7 years). The average daily amount of thiamine intake was 0.6 mg/day for case and 0.8 mg/day for controls against the recommended daily allowance (RDA) of 1.2 mg/day. Case and control patients differed significantly with respect to fat intake (p-value = 0.02), more strongly with folate and iron intake (p-value 0.01).Conclusion: The outbreak of peripheral neuropathy in Dechentsemo Central School appears to be linked to reduced dietary intake rich in vitamin B1 coupled with low intake of folate and iron in their diet.
ZIKA VIRUS: PUBLIC HEALTH NOTICE
Authors: Tosepu Ramadhan
Published: October 2019

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PUBLIC HEALTH LEADERSHIP: THE NEED FOR INDONESIA
Authors: Gunawan Joko
Published: October 2019

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE, ACTION OF FAMILY IN DCB (DRAIN, CLOSE, AND BURY) PROGRAM, AND THE EXISTENCE OF EGGS OF AEDES AEGYPTI MOSQUITO ON OVITRAP IN KANDAI KENDARI, INDONESIA
Authors: Yunus Reni , Rosanty Anita
Published: October 2019

Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a contagious disease caused by the dengue virus infection through Aedes aegypti mosquito. DHF often causes epidemics and Extraordinary Events (EE) in tropical and subtropical regions, including Indonesia.Objective: This study aims to examine the relationship between knowledge and society action on the prevention of dengue with the amount of mosquitoes trapped in ovitrap in Kandai, Kendari, Indonesia.Methods: The research method was an observational study with cross sectional design. The research was conducted at Kandai village, Kendari on May to July 2014. It was 87 homes with 87 families were recruited as sample size for this study. Ovitrap was used inside and outside of their homes.Results: DCB family knowledge and the existence of Aedes sp mosquitoes eggs on ovitrap were analyzed and observed in this study. Chi square test showed that X2 count value (1.261) was less than X2 table value (3.814) at error level 5% (α = 0.05) indicated that Ha was rejected and Ho was accepted. Meanwhile, Chi square test for the action of the family about DCB and the existence of eggs Aedes sp mosquito on ovitrap showed that X2 count value (4.115) was greater than X2 table value (3.814) at the error level 5% (α = 0.05), indicated that Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted.Conclusions:  It was concluded that (1) there was no  relationship between DCB family knowledge and the existence of Aedes sp mosquitoes eggs on ovitrap, and (2) there was a relationship between the action of family about DCB and the existence of aedes sp mosquitoes eggs on ovitrap in Kandai Kendari.
EFFECT OF SOCIO-ART WORKING GROUP THERAPY IN REDUCING THE SYMPTOMS OF HALLUCINATIONS IN COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER
Authors: Lestari Retno , Ahsan Ahsan
Published: October 2019

Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic illness with considerable impact on individuals and their families. One of the symptoms of schizophrenia is hallucination. The treatment goals are reducing the symptoms and maintaining the recovery from the effects of illness.Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effect of socialization and art-working group therapy in reducing the symptoms of hallucinations.Methods: This study used a pre-experimental design with one-group pretest-posttest involved 60 patients aged between 12 and 55 years diagnosed with schizophrenia in the Community-Integrated Health Care in East Java. The Symptoms of Hallucinations Checklist was used to assess the hallucination symptoms. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank test.Results: Findings showed that there was a statistically significance difference between pretest and posttest score after the socialization and art-working group therapy with p-value 0.000 (p0.05).Conclusion: Socialization and art-working group therapy had a significant effect in reducing the symptoms of hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia.
EFFECT OF 30° HEAD-UP POSITION ON INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE CHANGE IN PATIENTS WITH HEAD INJURY IN SURGICAL WARD OF GENERAL HOSPITAL OF Dr. R. SOEDARSONO PASURUAN
Authors: Pertami Sumirah Budi , Sulastyawati Sulastyawati , Anami Puthut
Published: October 2019

Background: Head-injured patients have traditionally been maintained in the head-up position to ameliorate the effects of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). However, it has been reported that the 15 degrees head-up position may improve cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) and outcome. We sought to determine the impact of 30 and 15 degrees on intracranial pressure change.Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with posttest only control time series time design.  There were 30 head-injured patients was selected using consecutive sampling, with 15 assigned in the treatment (30° head-up position) and control group (15° head-up position). Intracranial pressure variable was identified using the level of consciousness and mean arterial pressure parameters. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for data analysisResults: Findings showed p-value 0.010 (0.05) on awareness level and p-value 0.031 (0.05) on mean arterial pressure, which indicated that there was a statistically significant effect of the 30° head-up position on level of awareness and mean arterial pressure.Conclusion: There was a significant effect of the 30° head-up position on intracranial pressure changes, particularly in the level of awareness and mean arterial pressure in patients with head injury. It is recommended that for health workers to provide knowledge regarding this intervention to prevent increased intracranial pressure.
FACTORS RELATED TO THE SUCCESS OF THE TREATMENT PROGRAM OF MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS IN POLYCLINIC OF MDR-TB OF THE GENERAL HOSPITAL OF UNDATA PALU, INDONESIA
Authors: Napirah Muhammad Ryman , Wandira Bertin Ayu , Aulia Ana
Published: October 2019

Background: Incidence of Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis remains high in Indonesia. Thus, understanding the factors related to the success of the Government Program on the treatment of Multidrug-resistant is necessity. Objective: This study aims to determine the factors related to the success of government programs on the treatment of MDR-TB patients in Polyclinic of MDR-TB of Undata Palu Hospital.Methods: This was a correlational study with cross-sectional design conducted in the polyclinic of MDR-TB of the General Hospital of Undata Palu from October 2016 to November 2016. There were 46 patients recruited by total sampling. Chi-square was used for data analysis.Results: Findings showed that there were statistically significant correlations between knowledge (p = 0.002), the regularity of treatment (p = 0.000), the role of drug control (p = 0.010), drug side effects (p = 0.000) and quality of service of health workers (p = 0.001) with the success of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis program. There was no correlation between distance to health facilities (p = 0.315) and the success of the treatment.Conclusion: There were significant relationships between knowledge, regularity of treatment, drug control, drug side effects, quality of health staffs and the success of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis program. These factors could be considered important for the government to the success of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis program, especially in the polyclinic of MDR-TB of the General Hospital of Undata Palu.
MOTHER’S CHILD FEEDING KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES ASSOCIATED WITH UNDERWEIGHT IN CHILDREN UNDER-FIVE YEARS: A STUDY FROM RURAL KONAWE, INDONESIA
Authors: Tasnim Tasnim , Mwanri Lillian , Dasvarma Gour
Published: October 2019

Backgroud: Many rural mothers did not give appropriate child feeding which impacted to underweight for their children in Konawe Disrict of Southeast Island in Indonesia. This was also related to mother’s poor knowledge about child feeding. Objective: this study aimed to investigate the relationship between rural mothers’ knowledge and their practices of child feeding with underweight in under-5 children in Konawe District, Southeast Sulawesi Province in Indonesia.Methods: The case-control study was conducted in 5 rural areas in Konawe District, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The study involved 400 under five children and their mothers, including 100 of whom were cases and 300 of whom were age-matched contorls (1:3). Cases were underweight children, while the controls were children with a normal nutritional status. The independent variabels were mother’s knowledge and  their child feeding practices. The data analysis used Conditional Logistic regression.Results: poor mothers’ knowledge (odds ratio [OR], 8.9; 95% confidene interval [CI], 4.0 to 19.6;  p0.001), poor practices of under-5 children feeding  (OR, 15.2; 95% CI, 5.5-41.7; p0.001) significantly associated with underweight in rural children.Conclusion: Mothers’ knowledge about the availability of nutritious foods determines her child feeding practices. A mother’s level of knowledge about nutritious foods and her practices is related to her educational level and health information sources.
DIFFERENT EFFECT OF SHIFT WORK ON FATIGUE AND WORK RELATED STRESS IN EMERGENCY ROOM NURSES AT THE HOSPITALS IN BADUNG AND DENPASAR REGENCY, BALI, INDONESIA
Authors: Juniartha I Gusti Ngurah , Sardjono Teguh Wahju , Kartikawatiningsih Dewi
Published: October 2019

Background: Shift work is a way to maintain proper health care daily at hospital. Shift work may affect fatigue level of nurse and work related stress in Emergency Room (ER) nurses. Generally there are two types of shift work, such as two and three division time a day. The three-division time shift includes 6-6-12 shift and 7-7-10 hours shift, and two-division time includes 12-12 hours shift. Lack of studies discusses about shift work on fatigue and work related stress in ER nurses.Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the differences of the effects between 6-6-12 shift, 7-7-10 shift, and 12-12 shift on fatigue and work related stress, and determine the dominant indicator influencing fatigue and work related stress in emergency nurses at the hospitals in Badung and Denpasar regency, Bali Indonesia.Methods: This was an observational analytic study with cross sectional approach. Purposive sampling was done to recruit 102 nurses from eight emergency departments at Badung and Denpasar regency. Occupational Fatigue Exhaustion Recovery (OFER) questionnaire was used to measure fatigue, and Expanded Nursing Stress Scale (ENSS) questionnaire was used to measure work related stress. Univariate analysis was used to analyze demographic characteristics of each ER. Kruskall-Wallis test with post hoc Mann Whitney were used to determine the different score of fatigue and work related stress between each group, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to identify contribution of fatigue toward work related stress of ER nurses. Results: There were significant difference of the effect of shift work on fatigue, between 6-6-12 shift and 12-12 shift with p = 0.037, and between 7-7-10 shift and 12-12 shift with p = 0.003; and significant difference of the effect of shift work on work related stress, between 6-6-12 shift and 12-12 shift with p = 0.474, and between 7-7-10 shift and 12-12 shift with p = 0.128. SEM results show that fatigue contributed about 61% to increase work related stress in ER nurses.Conclusion: There was significant difference of the effects on fatigue between two and three-division time of shifts, and there was no difference of the effect on work related stress for each group. Fatigue statistically increased work related stress in ER nurses.
DEVELOPING HOLISTIC CARE MODEL: THE PHYSICAL WELLBEING OF ELDERLY BASED ON SOCIAL SUPPORT AND CHARACTERISTIC
Authors: Wiliyanarti Pipit Festi , Asri Asri , Putra Kusuma Wijaya Ridi
Published: October 2019

Background: Elderly experiences with degenerative process in their life spam and physical condition as well as their ability to adopt with their environment. Those conditions will influence the achievement of elderly wellbeing.Purpose: This study aims to examine physical wellbeing in elderly based on social support and elderly characteristic.Method: This study employed cross-sectional survey design. The population was elderly who lived in east Surabaya. One hundred and ten of elderly were recruited. Their age was more than sixty years old, living with their family and under Medokan Ayu Public Health Center supervision. Multi stage random sampling was performed. The research instrument was physical wellbeing including elderly autonomy, cognitive, complaining about physical and disease as well. Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Square (SMART PLS) was used to analyze the data.Results: The research results showed that majority of emotional support in social support variable was good (98%). The majority of instrumental support was good (88.18%). Social wellbeing has significant relationship with the elderly physical wellbeing (p 0.312, t-statistic: 4.420, t-table: 1.65), elderly characteristic of holistic care (0.178, t-statistics 2.422, t-table: 1.65), and elderly characteristic of physical health (0.140. t-statistic 1.790, t table.1.65).Conclusion: Social support influences the physical wellbeing of elderly.
GOD SERVANTS’ KNOWLEDGE AND STIGMA OF TUBERCULOSIS IN KUPANG INDONESIA
Authors: Manurung Imelda Februati Ester , Ruliati Luh Putu , Ndun Helga J. N , Baun Aminah H , Lele Yumiati Ke , Wahyuni Chatarina U
Published: October 2019

Background: Knowledge and stigma are the factors that determine the success of TB control. The people of East Nusa Tenggara still rely heavily on the support of God's servants in addressing health issues. God's servant is someone who is believed to have the gift of healing through prayer to the Lord Jesus. Aim: This study aimed to reveal God’s servants’ knowledge on and stigma to TB.Methods: This study is a descriptive quantitative study, in which the research aims to perceive God’s servants’ knowledge and stigma to TB in 2 community health centers with the most TB cases in Kupang. The population of the study was God’s servants in three areas of coverage of community health centers with the most TB cases. The sample of the study was the entire population (Total sampling) as many as 120 people. Data were collected through questionnaires and using mid-point score.Results: The results showed that the knowledge related to transmission, treatment, and prevention of Tuberculosis was low, amounted to 76%, similar to the stigma to TB that was amounted to 58%. God's servants still held the stigma that TB is a curse and disgraceful disease and they were unwilling to share with tuberculosis patients.Conclusion: God’s servants’ knowledge related to TB is low. As for stigma, even though mostly is low, there are still many God’s servants who give stigma to TB disease. Since God’s servant is a potential figure believed by some people to have the gift of healing, their knowledge and stigma needs to be improved in order to provide true information and support for TB patients.