bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plasma bupivacaine levels (total and free/unbound) during epidural infusion in liver resection patients: a prospective, observational study
Authors: Burjorjee Jessica , Phelan Rachel , Hopman Wilma M , Ho Anthony M-H , Nanji Sulaiman , Jalink Diederick , Mizubuti Glenio B
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Liver resection patients may be at an increased risk of local anesthetic (LA) toxicity because the liver is essential for metabolizing LA and producing proteins (mainly α1-acid glycoprotein (AAG)) that bind to it and reduce the free (and pharmacologically active/toxic) levels in circulation. The liver resection itself, manipulation during surgery, and pre-existing liver disease may all interfere with normal hepatic protein synthesis and result in an attenuation of the increased AAG (a positive acute-phase protein) that normally occurs postoperatively. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the AAG response is attenuated postoperatively following liver resection and whether patients approach toxicity thresholds with continuous postoperative epidural infusion of bupivacaine.

Methods

Prospective, observational study with blood drawn preoperatively, in the postanesthetic care unit, on postoperative day (POD) 2, and prior to discontinuation of epidural analgesia on POD3/POD4. Plasma was analyzed for total and unbound bupivacaine via liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and AAG via ELISA. Signs/symptoms of local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST), pain, and sedation scores were also recorded.

Results

For the 19 patients completed, total plasma bupivacaine was correlated with total administered, but unbound levels were not associated with the total administered. Unlike non-hepatectomy surgery where unbound LA plasma levels remain stable (or decrease) with continuous postoperative epidural administration, we observed an overall increase. Several patients approached toxicity thresholds and 47% reported at least one symptom of LAST, but no epidurals were discontinued because of LAST. In contrast to the AAG response reported following major non-liver surgery where AAG levels increase twofold, we observed a reduction until POD2 and the magnitude was proportional to resection weight.

Discussion

Our results are supported by the literature in suggesting that major liver resection patients may be at an increased vulnerability for LAST. Factors such as the extent of liver disease, resection and intraoperative blood loss should be considered when using continuous postoperative epidural infusion of bupivacaine and vigilance should be used in monitoring, for signs/symptoms of LAST, even for those subtle and non-specific. Future research will be required to verify these findings.

Trial registration number

NCT03145805.
Integration of perennial forage seed crops for cropping systems resiliency in the Peace River region of western Canada
Authors: Khanal Nityananda
Published: August 2022

The Peace River region is one of the northern agricultural frontiers in Canada, undergoing farmland expansion as well as intensification with input-intensive industrial agriculture. The cropping systems evolved with the rotations between annual grain and perennial forage crops as a prudent adaptation to fragile, crust-forming, runoff-prone, poorly developed, platy-structured acidic Luvisolic soils. In recent years, there is a decline in the acreage of perennial forage seed crops leading to simplified low-diversity cropping systems with heavy reliance on external inputs. The production systems have been prone to the rapid evolution of herbicide-resistant weeds, and outbreaks of crop diseases and insect pests in the face of global warming. A number of studies conducted in the Peace River region and other parts of North America have shown multiple benefits of integrating perennial forage crops in the cropping systems. By virtue of high root-to-shoot ratio and perennial growth, forage seed crops can provide multiple ecological services in the fragile Luvisolic soil through increased soil organic matter, carbon sequestration, soil biological diversity, soil structural improvement, nutrient mobilization, crop protection and environmental health, thereby creating conducive effects to the resilient performance of the cropping systems. This review discusses the merits of crop rotations in general and those of perennial forage seed crops in particular in the face of changing climate, with special reference to studies conducted in the Prairies and Peace region of western Canada. Research opportunities are highlighted to elucidate multidimensional ecosystem services from diversified cropping sequences integrating perennial forage seed crops.
Bergman metric on the symmetrized bidisk and its consequences
Authors: Cho Gunhee , Yuan Yuan
Published: August 2022

On the symmetrized bidisk [Formula: see text] with the Bergman metric, the holomorphic sectional curvature is negatively pinched and the holomorphic bisectional curvature is not. The consequences of invariant metrics are provided.
Sphaleron bound in some nonstandard cosmology scenarios
Authors: Loc Ngo Phuc Duc
Published: August 2022

In the first scenario, we revise the upper bound of the cutoff scale of the dimension-six potential Higgs operator required for a successful electroweak baryogenesis in the case of a modified expansion history caused by the existence of a noninteracting scalar field at the time phase transition happens. The upper bound 860[Formula: see text]GeV of the cutoff scale in the conventional case can be improved to 1[Formula: see text]TeV in the modified expansion case under certain conditions. In the second scenario, we consider the Randall–Sundrum type II model. We show that the lower bound of the five-dimensional Planck scale in this model, which is determined from the validity of Newtonian gravitational potential at small distance, turns out to be crucial in eliminating this model as a viable candidate to satisfy the sphaleron bound; however, again modifying the expansion history by including a noninteracting scalar field at the electroweak scale can then make this model satisfy the sphaleron bound with a certain parameter space.
Couple stress Darcy–Forchheimer nanofluid flow by a stretchable surface with nonuniform heat source and suction/injection effects
Authors: Guedri Kamel , Al-Khaled Kamel , Khan Sami Ullah , Khan M. Ijaz , Elattar Samia , Galal Ahmad M.
Published: August 2022

The thermal enhancement of industrial and engineering processes with interaction of nanofluids is exclusively important and presents applications in extrusion systems, heat transfer devices, electronic chips, chemical reactions, nuclear processes, etc. Owing to such motivated significance of nanofluids, the aim of this investigation is to present the heat and mass transfer phenomenon in the Couple stress nanofluid flow containing the microorganism due to oscillatory stretched surface. Additionally, the Darcy–Forchheimer applications, nonuniform heat source and nonlinear thermal radiation effects are considered. The modification in the concentration equation is done by activation energy. The independent variables in the defined flow system are decreased via suitable variables. The computation is simulated using the homotopy analysis method. It is noticed that the magnitude of velocity periodically decreases for larger values of suction parameter and inertia coefficient. The presence of an external heat source parameter enhanced the temperature profile. Moreover, the increment in the suction parameter improves the heat and mass transfer rate.
Physicochemical and thermoelectric properties of alloys of the CoSb0.82–Sn system
Authors: Abilov Chingiz , Sadigova Sayyara , Hasanova Mehriban , Kasumova Elmira
Published: August 2022

The [Formula: see text]–Sn section of the Co–Sb–Sn ternary system was studied by methods of physicochemical analysis. It is shown that the section is quasi-binary, its phase diagram is of a simple eutectic type, with a limited region of solid solutions based on [Formula: see text], the boundary of which at room-temperature reaches [Formula: see text] mol% Sn. The temperature dependences of some thermoelectric parameters of ([Formula: see text])[Formula: see text][Formula: see text] solid solutions have been studied. The thermodynamic functions of a pure [Formula: see text] and a solid solution alloy of composition (CoSb[Formula: see text])[Formula: see text]Sn[Formula: see text] are calculated.
MULTI-RESPONSE OPTIMIZATION AND INVESTIGATION OF DRY SLIDING WEAR BEHAVIOR OF Al7075 SURFACE HYBRID NANOCOMPOSITE USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY
Authors: GOBIKANNAN S. , GOPALAKANNAN S. , SIVARAJ P.
Published: August 2022

Aluminum alloy-based (Al7075) surface hybrid nanocomposite (SHNC) was fabricated by incorporating a reinforcement mixture of nano-aluminum oxide, micro-boron carbide, and graphite by utilizing friction stir processing (FSP). The graphite particle ratio was varied in the reinforcement mixture and its influence on the tribological properties of Al7075 SHNC was studied. In the metal matrix surface composite, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and field emission SEM (FESEM) depict a homogeneity in the distribution of reinforcements. The nanocomposite’s wear behavior under dry sliding environments was investigated by adopting a central composite design (CCD) at three levels by response surface methodology (RSM). The designed experiments were executed in pin-on-disc (POD) apparatus, with load, sliding distance, and graphite ratio as input variables. The influence of applied factors and their interaction with the response were determined using an analysis of variance. To predict the wear characteristics, a mathematical model is formulated. Load is discovered to be a significant factor influencing the wear rate and friction coefficient. In addition, an increase in graphite% results in a lower wear rate for the given quantity of load and sliding distance. SEM image shows a severe wear pattern for higher load and lower graphite content. The optimum combination of the parameter obtained from multi-response optimization was load 10[Formula: see text]N, sliding distance 503.86[Formula: see text]m, and 14.99% graphite for reducing the wear rate and friction coefficient by applying the desirability function approach.
Improvement of the Impact Strength Properties for Nanocomposites Based on Polymers
Authors: Hasan Saadallah F. , Al-Jenaby Ahmad Z. , Mayoof Mahmood H. , Mohammed Abubaker. S.
Published: August 2022

This study aims to prepare composite materials and improve some of their mechanical properties by using epoxy resin (EP) and polyurethane (PU) as the matrix material and nanoparticles (Al2O3) as reinforcing agents in different ratio with weight fractions (5%, 10%, and 15%). The results in the tables show that increasing the weight fraction of nanoparticles leads to an increase in the elasticity coefficient and durability of the impact and absorbed energy, with an increase in the temperature of the composite material reinforced with nanoaluminum oxide particles. The mechanical properties gradually decrease with the increase of the period of immersion in water.
A Hotel Ranking Model Through Online Reviews With Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis
Authors: You Tian-Hui , Tao Ling-Ling , Cambria Erik
Published: August 2022

The number of online textual reviews on each hotel aspect can reflect the tourist preference difference on distinct aspects. Therefore, not only online textual reviews but their numbers have a significant impact on tourists’ hotel selection decisions. Motivated by this observation, this study proposes a hotel ranking model for hotel selection based on the sentiment analysis of online textual reviews by considering the differences in the number of reviews on different aspects. We explicitly model the differences in the number of reviews on aspects through the confidence interval estimation. In addition, the AS-Capsules model, which can jointly perform aspect detection and aspect-level sentiment classification with high accuracy, is employed for sentiment analysis. We conducted a case study on TripAdvisor.com, the experimental results show that our proposed model is able to effectively assist the tourists in making the desirable decision on hotel selection.
An Agent-Based Modeling Approach for Understanding Drivers of Consumer Decisions on Foreign versus Domestic Products: Case Study of a Local Refrigerator Market
Authors: Danaye Nasser , Kian Ramez , Colmekcioglu Nazan
Published: August 2022

Despite extensive studies on consumer behavior and decision making, the social influence of consumers on each other has not been widely investigated. To incorporate such interactions, in this study, we propose and apply an agent-based simulation model where consumers are defined as agents. The purchase behavior of each agent is characterized as a function based on the concept of the black-box model for consumer behavior. In particular, we investigate the effect of consumers’ social network and its interaction with the marketing mix parameters (4Ps). A case study of household appliances in a local market is used to demonstrate how the dynamics of preferences between domestic and foreign brands occurs. The simulation model is used to examine the effect of eight scenarios related to these interactions. The obtained results are compared and the most important factors are determined as product features and price.
Reconstruction of multidimensional digital signals
Authors: Mantry Poonam , Poumai Khole Timothy , Kaushik S. K.
Published: August 2022

We study the reconstruction of multidimensional digital signals in multirate digital signal processing. We show that the composition of sampling operator and interpolation operator forms the frame operator of multivariate discrete time wavelet (MDTW) system of scale matrix [Formula: see text]. By taking a collection of [Formula: see text] filters, we construct dual MDTW tight frames. Also, we discuss the existence and construction of MDTW Parseval frames in multidimensional sequence space. The necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of orthonormal basis of scale matrix [Formula: see text] is discussed. Using dual MDTW tight frame, we characterize biorthogonal pair of Riesz bases. Further, we define multivariate Parseval frame of weighted exponentials, dual multivariate tight frame of weighted exponentials of scale matrix [Formula: see text] in periodic space [Formula: see text]. Finally, we give the applications of MDTW frames in the theory of frames of weighted exponentials of scale matrix [Formula: see text] in periodic space [Formula: see text].
Tsallis holographic dark energy model with event horizon cutoff in modified gravity
Authors: Astashenok Artyom V. , Tepliakov Alexander S.
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we considered the Tsallis holographic dark energy model in frames of Nojiri–Odintsov gravity with [Formula: see text]. For IR, cutoff event horizon is taken. The cosmological evolution of such universe is investigated for various initial conditions and values of parameters. The dependence of the Hubble parameter [Formula: see text] from time in the future has an oscillation. It is shown that for [Formula: see text] appearance of singularities are typical and the time up to these singularities can be relatively small from cosmological viewpoint. The singularity is associated with the zero of second derivative of [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text]. It is interesting to note that these models can describe observational data from Ia supernovae astrophysics and dependence of the Hubble parameter from redshift [Formula: see text] at least not worse than canonical [Formula: see text]CDM model.
On 2-partition dimension of rotationally-symmetric graphs
Authors: Nadeem Asim , Kashif Agha , Zafar Sohail , Zahid Zohaib
Published: August 2022

The [Formula: see text]-partition dimension of graphs was introduced as generalization of partition dimension of graphs by Estrado–Moreno in 2020. Its applications can be seen in several areas including robot navigation, network designing, image processing and chemistry. Rotationally symmetric graphs are important in computer network topologies due to uniform rate of data transformation to all nodes. In this paper, we compute the lower bound of the [Formula: see text]-partition dimension of [Formula: see text]-regular graphs for [Formula: see text] and also calculate the [Formula: see text]-partition dimension of the families of rotationally symmetric graphs, namely, prism graph and [Formula: see text]-sunlet graph.
CLIMATE CHANGE, ENERGY TRANSITION AND GLOBAL TEMPERATURE STABILIZATION
Authors: BONGERS ANELÍ , TAMOR MICHAEL A.
Published: August 2022

Climate science suggests that moving to a zero-carbon economy will not immediately halt the environmental and economic damage caused by anthropogenic greenhouse–gas (GHG) emissions. Whereas air temperature increase will (almost) stop when the CO2concentration in the atmosphere is stabilized, ocean temperature will continue to increase for decades. In this paper, we introduce an environmental dynamic general equilibrium model with a natural transition from fossil to renewable fuels and then use that model to explore this temperature disconnect. We find that the transition to nonfossil energy is accelerated when damages due to persistent ocean temperature rise are taken into account. Sensitivity analysis reveals that (i) economic growth increases energy consumption but accelerates the transition; (ii) energy-augmented technological change does not accelerate the transition; (iii) emissions efficiency technological change has perversely harmful effects on the energy transition; and (iv) the elasticity of substitution between dirty and clean energy sources and the discount factor are key in determining optimal energy transition path.
Social Anxiety Disorder, An Insidious and Silent Disease – A Constructed Case Study and Cultural Reviews from Singapore, India and Indonesia
Authors: Teo Adelyn Wei Lin , Lai Alison Ching Hua , Richard Rita Shanthini , Kavitha Rethnadhas Gnana
Published: August 2022

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a form of anxiety disorder that is often under-diagnosed. Commonly masked as shyness or introversion, many who are suffering from symptoms of SAD do not receive treatment. The onset of SAD is in childhood and/or early adolescence, and often accompanied by a wide range of comorbidities, including anxiety and depression. As a result, those who suffer from SAD are functionally impaired, likely under-achieve in work and school, and may possibly have unfulfilling relationships. The paper, firstly, reviews various available literature on SAD, its clinical symptoms, prevalence, onset, comorbidities and possible etiologies. Secondly, a case study, constructed based on the authors’ counselling experiences and observations, highlights the common behavioural patterns, cognitive distortions and emotional distress of clients undergoing SAD. Possible perpetuating factors and circumstances further provide a relevant and realistic perspective of the disorder within the Singapore context. Finally, through a review of the unique cultures of three countries, namely Singapore, India and Indonesia, the paper highlights the effects of social competitiveness, social appearance, social hierarchy, shame, technology and social media on the development and perpetuation of SAD amongst children, adolescents and females.
Enhancement of Electromigration Reliability of Electroless-Plated Nanoscaled Copper Interconnects by Complete Encapsulation of a 1 nm-Thin Self-Assembled Monolayer
Authors: Chen Giin-Shan , Lee Ching-En , Cheng Yi-Lung , Fang Jau-Shiung , Hsiao Chien-Nan , Chen Wei-Chun , Chang Yiu-Hsiang , Pan Yen-Chang , Lee Wei , Su Ting-Hsun
Published: August 2022

The downsizing of integrated circuits for the upcoming technology nodes has brought attention to sub-2 nm thin organic/inorganic materials as an alternative to metallic barrier/capping layers for nanoscaled Cu interconnects. While self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) serving as the barrier materials for copper metalized films are well studied, electromigration (EM) of Cu interconnects encapsulated by SAMs is an untouched research topic. In this study, we report an all-wet encapsulating process involving SAM seeding/encapsulating and electroless narrow-gap filling to fabricate nanoscaled copper interconnects that are completely encapsulated by a 1 nm-thin amino-based SAM, subsequently annealed to some extents prior to EM testing. Both annealing and SAM encapsulation retard EM of the Cu interconnects tested at current densities on orders of 108–109 A cm−2. Particularly, SAM encapsulation quintuples the lifetime of, for example, as-fabricated Cu interconnects from 470 to 2,890 s. Electromigration failure mechanisms are elucidated from analyses of activation energies and current-density scale factors obtained from the accelerated EM testing. The importance of SAM qualities (e.g., ordering and layered structure) as a prerequisite for the reliability enhancement cannot be overestimated, and the results of the SAM quality evaluation are presented. The mechanism of reliability enhancement is also thoroughly discussed.
Similarity Measurement and Classification of English Characters Based on Language Features
Authors: Miao Linna , Fang Zhixin , Zhang Junping
Published: August 2022

English is now widely used in the world as an international language. As a symbol of the development of human civilization, English characters provide an important medium and tool for mankind. In the current information age, the vocabulary of English words is more quantitative, and it is almost everywhere. Under the background of the multiquantification of English words and the quantification of the relationship between words, the similarity measurement analysis and calculation of English words and the classification of vocabulary measurement calculation are carried out by integrating the characteristics of language. The experimental results are as follows: (1) the development situation of English words is analyzed, the research direction of the experiment is determined, the concept of English character features is proposed, and the similarity calculation method is selected according to different features, in order to simplify the complex and difficult-to-understand word meaning relationship between English words; (2) the text features are extracted through the similarity feature selection of language and text. The extraction of features indirectly affects the effectiveness of classification. The similarity word embedding vector is used to map English words into the vector for analysis and comparison, calculate the distance between the similarity numerical variables between English words and their similarity coefficient, measure the distance between them, and evaluate the similarity between them, including the angle cosine method and correlation coefficient method which are the two main methods for calculating the similarity coefficient.
Mechanism of Ferroptosis and Its Relationships with Other Types of Programmed Cell Death: Insights for Potential Therapeutic Benefits in Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Pang Qiuyu , Zheng Lexin , Ren Zhiyang , Xu Heng , Guo Hanmu , Shan Wenqi , Liu Rong , Gu Zhiya , Wang Tao
Published: August 2022

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious health issue with a high incidence, high morbidity, and high mortality that poses a large burden on society. Further understanding of the pathophysiology and cell death models induced by TBI may support targeted therapies for TBI patients. Ferroptosis, a model of programmed cell death first defined in 2012, is characterized by iron dyshomeostasis, lipid peroxidation, and glutathione (GSH) depletion. Ferroptosis is distinct from apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and necroptosis and has been shown to play a role in secondary brain injury and worsen long-term outcomes after TBI. This review systematically describes (1) the regulatory pathways of ferroptosis after TBI, (2) the neurobiological links between ferroptosis and other cell death models, and (3) potential therapies targeting ferroptosis for TBI patients.
Luminescence and Preventive Effect of Two New Cd(II) Compounds on Scar Formation after Cosmetic Surgery
Authors: Yuan Zhi-Ming , Lin Ze-Xu , Chen Shui-Lian , Lin Xin
Published: August 2022

Two coordination polymers involving Cd(II), i.e., [Cd2(IDPA)2(bpe) (H2O)2]n·2n(H2O) (1) (H2IDPA is 5-(1-oxoisoindolin-2-yl)isophthalic acid, bpe is 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane, 4-bpmh is N, N-bis-pyridin-4-ylmethylene-hydrazine), and [Cd(IDPA)(4-bpmh)0.5(H2O)2]n·n(H2O) (2) are prepared under solvothermal conditions via tuning the auxiliary ligand from bpe to 4-bpmh. Moreover, the as-prepared complexes 1–2 reveal much stronger luminescence in contrast to that of the free organic ligands. Their preventive effect and mechanism on scar formation after cosmetic surgery was explored. First, the two complexes’ suppression of the viability of the human immortal keratinocyte line (HaCaT) cell line was examined via exploiting cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) detection. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signal pathway activation in HaCaT cells was detected by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay.
Optimization of Urban Landscape Planning and Layout under Multicriteria Constraints
Authors: Tian Zhiyong , Wang Yaxin , Xue Qingping
Published: August 2022

The layout and planning of urban landscape has a strong correlation with urban land utilization rate and ecological environment index. Urban landscape architects have a hard time dealing with these interrelated factors. This study uses a multicriteria constraint algorithm to optimize the relevant factors in urban landscape layout and planning. The convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) method was used to extract temporal features for urban landscape layout and planning tasks. Compared with the multicriteria algorithm without constraints, the multicriteria algorithm with constraints can better optimize the layout and planning tasks of urban landscape, and the maximum error of this method is only 1.96%. At the same time, the distribution of errors is more uniform under the multicriteria constraints, and it is all within 2%. The fusion of the multicriteria constraint algorithm and the ConvLSTM algorithm can better predict the relevant factors of the urban landscape layout, and the linear correlation coefficients of the three relevant factors have reached a high standard.
DAKEs: Decentralized Authenticated Key Exchange Protocols via Blockchain for Smart City
Authors: Wu Qiong , Luo Yi , Zhao Ying , Qian Bin , Guo Bin
Published: August 2022

Authenticated key exchange (AKE) is a classic problem in cryptography, where two participants want to exchange their secret keys without being guessed feasibly. Recently, there has been renewed interest in this problem in the smart city since millions of devices and servers in this environment may involve the problem. New challenges are raised at the same time. One of the greatest challenges is how to facilitate communication between participants. Traditionally, a trusted third party (TTP) is needed to provide a trusted way to exchange keys. However, devices in the smart city environment are usually distributed and trustless. A central trusted mechanism is not suitable for many applications in it. The second challenge is that the requirements in the applications of the smart city are diverse. Finally, a practical AKE protocol should be efficient and easy to integrate. To address these challenges, we provide a fully decentralized AKE protocol framework called DAKEs. To the best of our knowledge, DAKEs enjoy the most comprehensive security properties to fulfil diverse requirements. The decentralization of DAKEs is captured by using the blockchain while avoiding the availability problem of other similar blockchain-based schemes. Our test is conducted in a real-world test network of Ethereum. The result shows that DAKEs are efficient and at a low cost.
Detection of Particle Concentration and Particle Size Based on Aerodynamic Particle Size Spectrometer
Authors: Zhang Jingxiu , Zhang Zhiwei , Hou Longfei
Published: August 2022

In order to solve the problem of the continuous online monitoring of the fixed pollution source emission particles, on the basis of the advantages and disadvantages of the comprehensive analysis of the extinction method, the β-ray absorption method, the micro-oscillating balance method, the charge transfer method, and the light scattering method, the particle size distribution and concentration optical detection system based on aerodynamic particle size spectrometer is designed according to the Mie light scattering principle. A high-performance aerodynamic particle size spectrometer is designed using a single-wavelength method to measure the concentration of particulate matter, and the equipment and the detection system are used in the continuous monitoring of particulate matter emitted by thermal power plants and compared with the ES632 equipment. Through the system test, the results show that compared with the ES632 equipment performance, the lowest concentration measured by the design of aerodynamic particle size spectrometer equipment can reach 0.1 mg/m3 with a measurement accuracy of 0.01 mg/m3. Compared with the ES632 equipment, the measurement concentration value is 8% higher, which meets the test requirements.
Myopia in Chinese Adolescents: Its Influencing Factors and Correlation with Physical Activities
Authors: Yin Yao , Qiu Cheng , Qi Yufei
Published: August 2022

Purpose. The study is conducted to analyze the risk factors and the protective factors of myopia in Chinese adolescents and its correlation with physical activities and then to provide 2 formulas to predict the probability of becoming myopic and the probability of preventing myopia. Methods. This is a cross-sectional study in which a questionnaire survey was conducted among 650 students aged 14-17 from 5 schools in Beijing in 2021. The students were divided into two groups: nonmyopia group and myopia group. Statistically significant variables were selected after the univariate analysis for a binary logistic regression analysis. Results. In the univariate analysis, 18 risk factors of myopia were found and 14 physical-activity-related protective factors were found. In the multivariate analysis, 5 independent factors were found to be positively related to myopia and could be used for calculating the probability of becoming myopic. The 5 factors are gender, staying up late playing smartphones, parental myopia, daily time spent on digital devices, and regular eye examinations. Five physical-activity-related factors were found to be positively related to the prevention of myopia and can be used for the calculation of the probability of preventing myopia. The 5 factors are regular physical activities, attitude towards physical education, daily time spent on in-school physical activities, daily time spent on after-school physical activities, and eye exercises. Conclusions. The influencing factors of myopia in adolescents mainly include heredity, habits of using eyes, and environment. Physical activities can effectively reduce the probability of becoming myopic in adolescents and promote eye health. Therefore, taking part in physical activities is an effective way to reduce the prevalence of myopia in adolescents.
Field Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) Control in Tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) through Various Herbicide Combinations
Authors: Feleke Gebrekidan , Chala Dereje , Tafes Bizuwork
Published: August 2022

Field bindweed is the major weed problem for tef producers across the central highlands of Ethiopia. Herbicide application alone or coupled with once or twice hand weeding for field bindweed control is difficult due to its biological features, labor-intensive, and time-consuming. The field trial was carried out at Debre Zeit from 2020 to 2021 cropping seasons to investigate different postemergence herbicides against the grass and broadleaf weeds, in general, and field bindweed in particular, in tef farming, using a randomized complete block design with three replications. As a result, we could see that the herbicide combination had no visible effect on durum wheat’s overall performance, which makes us recommend it for the control of field bindweed. In the sequential application, a wide spectrum of herbicides (Musket Power OD 460, Pallas 45 OD, and Sekator OD 375) were applied at tillering stage, and other selective herbicides (Derby 175 SC and 2,4-diamine salt 720 g/L 720 g/L) were applied at the heading stage, and the last nonselective herbicide (Roundup) was applied at physiological maturity of tef when the Convolvulus arvensis was regrowth naturally/latecomer weed. All postemergency herbicide treatments reduced significantly both broadleaf and grass weeds, in general, and C. arvensis infestation, in particular, when compared to the weedy control. Of these, Musket Power OD 460 at tillering stage integrated with 2,4-diamine salt 720 g/L at the heading stage was more effective than other herbicides for eliminating all weeds and C. arvensis in particular throughout the crop life. This weed management option resulted in considerably enhanced weed control efficiency and weed killing potential, reduced weed dry biomass and yield loss, improved grain yield, and economic benefit with an acceptable marginal rate of return for tef growers.
Design and Implementation of Virtual Simulation Animation Experience Hall Based on VR and Sensing Technology
Authors: Luo Xiaolin
Published: August 2022

In order to meet the needs of the design and feasibility of the virtual simulation animation experience hall, the author proposes a research based on VR and sensing technology. The main content of this research is the research of virtual simulation system based on VR and sensing technology, through the analysis of temperature sensing technology, using optical sensing technology and other methods, and finally constructing research methods based on VR and sensing technology through experiments and analysis. Experimental results show that when the light intensity is 0.5 mW, the voltage reaches 3.0 V, and the electrical quantity voltage increases with the increase of the nonelectrical quantity light intensity, which meets the design requirements of the sensor and is feasible for the design and implementation of the virtual simulation animation experience hall. Conclusion. The research based on VR and sensing technology can meet the needs of the design and implementation of the virtual simulation animation experience hall.
[Retracted] Infrared Spectroscopic Measurement of Dissolved Organic Matter and Nanomaterials in Water Based on Parallel Factor Algorithm
Authors: Liang Li
Published: August 2022

Infrared spectroscopy can separate carbon sugars and amino sugars that have collapsed in soil water very quickly. In this study, the midinfrared (MIR) and near‐infrared (NIR) spectra collected from soil water isolates or soil masses are sentenceless, assessing different agricultural groupings of flooded carbon and aminosaccharides. Soil was collected from five fields in two regions in western Canada and two regions in eastern Canada, where least squares backslide (PLSr) was inadequate. The inverted model of DOC recovery at the Eastern Peace River estuary can provide the optical functionality of traditional systems. The introduction of overflow DOCs from various sources rather than distance meters has been found to be a major contributor to the complexity of optical neighborhoods, resulting in a bias in DOC evaluation. The impact of voluntary DOC liability on the relationship between DOC and CDOM can be forgotten at a critical turn in the CDW. A slightly mitigating approach can overlook the impact of voluntary DOC responsibility on the relationship between DOC and CDOM. CDW is responsible for the continued responsibility of the Subei coastal currents for the normal material of the former Yellow Sea Delta, for the warm West Coast currents of the Yellow Sea for the materials of the Yellow Sea, and for the materials of the Changjiang Basin. The results of this study more thoroughly assess the state differences of DOM inputs from different sources within the CDW to determine the magnitude of the impact on DOC evaluation across the East China Sea CDOM. It suggests that it is necessary.
Factors Affecting Nonadherence to WHO’s Recommended Antenatal Care Visits among Women in Pastoral Community, Northeastern Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Urmale Mare Kusse , Gebre Wuneh Abel , Shemsu Awol Mubarek , Ahmed Ibrahim Mohammed , Kahsay Hiluf Molla , Birara Aychiluhm Setognal , Ahmed Mohammed Osman , Gemeda Sabo Kebede
Published: August 2022

Introduction. More than half of the pregnant women in Ethiopia do not receive the recommended number of antenatal care visits. In the Afar region, where women have limited access to healthcare services due to pastoral livelihood, evidence on noncompliance to the adequate number of antenatal care visits is scarce. Therefore, this study was intended to examine the level of nonadherence to the recommended antenatal care visits and its associated factors in the pastoral community of Northeast Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 04 February to 22 March 2020 among randomly selected 703 women who gave birth within 24 months preceding the survey in the Transform HDR districts of the Afar region. Data were collected using a pretested structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi-data version 4.2 and finally exported to Stata version 16 for further analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were done to identify factors affecting the nonadherence to the recommended antenatal care visits. Odds ratio with the corresponding 95% confidence interval were computed and the statistical significance of the explanatory variables was declared at a

p

-value <0.05. Results. Nonadherence to the recommended antenatal care visits was 57.0% (95% CI: 53.3%–60.7%). Attending primary (AOR (95% CI): 0.39 (0.22–0.72)) and secondary education and above (AOR (95% CI): 0.25 (0.08–0.77)), being married at the age of 18 years or older (AOR (95% CI): 0.48 (0.36–0.71)), and attending antenatal care at a health center (AOR (95% CI): 0.46 (0.26–0.81)) were associated decreased odds of nonadherence to the recommend visits. Moreover, a higher likelihood of nonadherence was found among women from households not possessing communication media (AOR (95% CI): 1.85 (1.18–2.88)) and those who initiated antenatal care attendance during the second (AOR (95% CI): 5.23 (3.54–7.72)) and third trimesters (AOR (95% CI): 8.81 (1.88–41.20)). Conclusions. Nearly six in ten women do not receive the recommended antenatal care visits, consistent with the national prevalence. Women’s education, age at marriage, type of health facility, possession of mass media, and timing of antenatal care attendance were associated with nonadherence to the recommended antenatal care visits. Thus, improving women’s literacy, dissemination of information regarding antenatal care through mass media, and strengthening interventions targeted to end child marriage are important in scaling up the level of adherence. Moreover, supporting community-based health education through health extension programs is crucial in reaching women with limited access to mass media.
Evaluating the Scientific Research Abilities of Colleges and Universities Using an Improved Neural Network
Authors: Lai Jiasheng , Zhang Yinjun
Published: August 2022

Scientific research ability (SRA) is now the main technical index used to assess comprehensive strength of a university. At the same time, it will have an impact on college and university rankings as well as enrollment. However, at the moment, college and university evaluation standards for research capacity are not unified, and there are various evaluation criteria, making it impossible to measure with unified standards. The main reason is that the evaluation factors are not consistent. Based on the characteristics of Guangxi Normal University of Science and Technology (GNUST), this paper develops the evaluation system of GNUST and introduced an improved neural network to assess the SRA of the faculty and the staff of GNUST. The simulation results show that the 15 technical indicators used in this paper are effective.
Clinical Efficacy, Survival, and Adverse Reaction Evaluation of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor in Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Ping , Zhang Xiaomeng , Zhu Na , Zhuang Feifei , Zhou Dongmei , Wang Ping
Published: August 2022

Objective. To systematically assess the clinical effect and survival time of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICIs) in advanced gastric cancer (GC) and adverse reactions to provide evidence-based medicine for its enhancement and adoption. Methods. PubMed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, China Knowledge Network database (CNKI), China VIP database, Wanfang database, and China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) online database were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCT) of immuno-checkpoint inhibitors in advanced GC therapy. Retrieval time was limited to the period from the date the database was established to present. Separately, two researchers gathered the data. Statistical software RevMan5.4 was used to estimate bias risk according to the Cochrane Handbook 5.3 standard. Results. The computer database retrieved 1723 articles, and 465 articles were eliminated when repeated studies were removed. After screening the titles and abstracts of 287 articles, 124 articles were contained after eliminating irrelevant studies, reviews, case reports, and no control literature. After carefully reading 108 studies with insufficient data and no major outcome markers, 6 RCTs were eventually contained. 4 articles compared the levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) after treatment. The result indicated that the levels of serum CEA and CA199 in the study group were notably lower, and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). The immune function indexes after treatment were compared, suggesting that the improvement of immune function indexes in the study group was notably better, and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). Three clinical trials reported the median progression-free survival (PFS). The PFS of the study group was notably longer after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). The occurrence of adverse reactions after treatment was analyzed by meat, and all the literatures were analyzed. No notable differences were observed in the incidence of adverse reactions. Conclusion. ICIs associated with chemotherapy is effective when treating GC, which can effectively promote the disease control rate of patients, enhance immune function, reduce the level of tumor markers, and prolong survival time. The safety is controllable, which is worth popularizing in clinical practice. However, more studies and follow-up with higher methodological quality and longer intervention time are needed to further verify it.
Parameter Optimization and Machining Performance of Inconel 625 with Nanoparticles Dispersed in Biolubricant
Authors: Mohanraj T. , Radhika N. , Aswin Nanda S. , Vignesh V. , Jayaraman B. , Ratana Selvan K. R. , Admassu Yesgat
Published: August 2022

Productivity and cost-effectiveness are essential components of any long-term manufacturing system. While quantity and quality are linked to productivity, the economy focuses on energy-efficient processes that produce a high output-to-input ratio. Hard-to-cut materials have always been difficult to machine because of more significant tool wear and power losses. Inconel 625 is a hard material used in aerospace and underwater applications and is milled using biolubricants with nanoparticles. Palm oil is considered a biolubricant, and titanium dioxide (TiO2) and copper oxide (CuO) are selected as nanoparticles. When the combination of biolubricants and nanoparticles is added to the workpiece’s surface, it enhanced some properties while machining. Experiments involving four factors with four levels were carried out using the Taguchi design of experiments (DoE). The feed, depth of cut, speed, and coolant with nanoparticle additives were all factors. The responses were surface roughness, spindle vibration along X, Y, and Z axes, and material removal rate. Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was used to alter the multiresponse optimization problem to a single-response optimization problem. The S/N of TOPSIS closeness coefficients was calculated, and the optimal machining conditions were determined. Surface roughness, material removal rate, and spindle vibration were reduced by 3.10%, 6.14%, 7.54% (Vx), and 6.78% (Vz), respectively, due to the TOPSIS optimization.
Aerial Separation and Receiver Arrangements on Identifying Lung Syndromes Using the Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Manoharan Hariprasath , Rambola Radha Krishna , Kshirsagar Pravin R. , Chakrabarti Prasun , Alqahtani Jarallah , Naveed Quadri Noorulhasan , Islam Saiful , Mekuriyaw Walelign Dinku
Published: August 2022

Lung disease is one of the most harmful diseases in traditional days and is the same nowadays. Early detection is one of the most crucial ways to prevent a human from developing these types of diseases. Many researchers are involved in finding various techniques for predicting the accuracy of the diseases. On the basis of the machine learning algorithm, it was not possible to predict the better accuracy when compared to the deep learning technique; this work has proposed enhanced artificial neural network approaches for the accuracy of lung diseases. Here, the discrete Fourier transform and the Burg auto-regression techniques are used for extracting the computed tomography (CT) scan images, and feature reduction takes place by using principle component analysis (PCA). This proposed work has used the 120 subjective datasets from public landmarks with and without lung diseases. The given dataset is trained by using an enhanced artificial neural network (ANN). The preprocessing techniques are handled by using a Gaussian filter; thus, our proposed approach provides enhanced classification accuracy. Finally, our proposed method is compared with the existing machine learning approach based on its accuracy.
The Evaluation and Optimization Methods of Villages in China: In the Background of a Rural Revitalization Strategy
Authors: Zhang Ruyi , Ma Chenxi , Wu Degang , Wu Yinliang , Wang Ke
Published: August 2022

Over the past few decades of rapid development, China has always attached great importance to the redevelopment of rural areas. Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the rural revitalization strategy proposed at the meeting has always received extensive attention. In 2019, the Chinese central government released a document on its rural revitalization strategy. In the document, Guizhou Province was listed as a key area to receive focus on pursuing rural revitalization. Meanwhile, the Guizhou government also formulated The Implementation Opinions on the People’s Government of Guizhou Province’s Rural Revitalization Strategy. The aim of this paper is to try to establish a model according to the rural revitalization strategy proposed by the Guizhou government and extracts the main influencing factors from its analysis. Through the analysis of the data collected during the process of the rural revitalization, the paper undertakes a deep analysis of the evaluation and studies an optimized approach to the revitalization to provide a referenced review for other villages.