bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Littératie et responsabilité en santé
Authors: Collette Karine , Rousseau Jean
Published: September 2013

Les auteurs s’interrogent sur l’influence des discoursdominants à propos de responsabilité et deresponsabilisation en santé sur des récitsautobiographiques collectés pour illustrer les pratiques delittératie en matière de droits en santé etservices sociaux. L’analyse s’inscrit dans le cadre des NewLiteracy Studies, qui reconnaissent le caractère socioculturelet contextualisé des pratiques, y compris sur le planidéologique. Ainsi, le concept de littératies’élabore au-delà des compétences delecture-écriture et doit être compris àl’échelle de pratiques sociales plutôtqu’individuelles, incluant les discours et les idéologiesqui composent et actualisent la hiérarchisation sociale despratiques. Adoptant une perspective critique d’une conceptionpositive, performantielle et individuelle de la littératie, lesauteurs examinent les relations entre les orientations des discoursdominants sur la responsabilité/responsabilisation ensanté et certains récits de littératie inattendue,qui ne correspondent pas aux pratiques socialement valoriséespar la littératie prônée.L’arrière-plan sociohistorique des droits sociaux et ensanté au Québec, tout comme les politiques et programmesgouvernementaux en santé, ainsi que les conceptions juridiquesdes notions de responsabilité/responsabilisation en santécomposent des cadres définitionnels variables, permettant dediscuter le sens des notions deresponsabilité/responsabilisation, même si les discourspolitico-économiques privilégient aujourd’hui desorientations et des normes édictées parl’idéologie néolibérale. Leslittératies inattendues en regard de laresponsabilité/responsabilisation montrent des influencesnégatives des discours idéologiques dominants, mais aussicertaines résistances d’ordres socioculturel etidéologique, voire des alternatives, qui ébranlent oumettent en doute les formes dominantes de laresponsabilité/responsabilisation en santé.
La figure de l’entrepreneur fondateur dans le récit de marque et la construction de la personnalité de la marque de luxe
Authors: Briot Eugénie , de Lassus Christel
Published: September 2013

Centrée sur l’analyse des récits que font de leur histoire, sur leur site Internet, les marques du Comité Colbert (comité regroupant soixante-quinze marques de luxe françaises de rayonnement international), et articulée autour de la figure de l’entrepreneur fondateur de la marque, notre recherche recense les structures privilégiées par les marques de luxe dans la narration de leur fondation. Elle souligne également l’intérêt du recours au schéma actanciel de Greimas dans l’élaboration de récits de marque, avec pour enjeu la construction de la personnalité de la marque, la figure particulière de l’entrepreneur fondateur permettant la mise en scène de traits de personnalité humains susceptibles d’être directement attribués à la marque par métonymie.
Création d’emplois ou création de connaissances, quelle mesure de performance pour l’incubateur ? L’influence des caractéristiques des projets sélectionnés dans le processus d’incubation
Authors: Vedel Benjamin , Gabarret Inès
Published: September 2013

Notre recherche s’intéresse à l’influence des caractéristiques des projets sélectionnés sur l’accompagnement et la performance des incubateurs. Les structures d’incubation doivent, d’un côté, choisir les meilleurs candidats par rapport à leur objectif, et de l’autre, faire attention à la sélection des entreprises dont le potentiel est encore à développer. Nos analyses, basées sur l’étude de 177 entreprises hébergées dans des incubateurs français, soulignent la difficulté que renferment les variables de performance telles que la création d’emploi pour représenter l’action de l’incubateur sur le long terme. L’incubateur peut être tenté de sélectionner des entreprises qui lui permettront de remplir des objectifs sur le court terme, mais diminueront son potentiel de valeur ajoutée.
Pour un outil de mesure et de pilotage de la performance des incubateurs
Authors: Bakkali Chaffik , Messeghem Karim , Sammut Sylvie
Published: September 2013

Dans un contexte de réformes publiques, la question de la performance de structures comme les incubateurs est prégnante. Ce questionnement se situe aussi bien au plan théorique en raison de l’absence de consensus quant aux critères de performance à retenir, qu’au plan pratique du fait de la nécessité pour les responsables d’incubateur de disposer d’un outil de pilotage opérationnel de la performance. L’originalité de cette contribution est de proposer une approche stratégique et multidimensionnelle de la performance fondée sur le modèle dubalanced scorecard. Une étude quantitative auprès de 109 responsables d’incubateur montre la pertinence des axes de performance et des indicateurs proposés.
Lanthanide Nanoparticles for Medical Imaging
Authors: Laurent Sophie , Elst Luce Vander , Muller Robert N.
Published: September 2013

This article briefly reviews the methods for the synthesis and characterization of lanthanide nanoparticles (NPs) with luminescent and/or magnetic properties. Lanthanide ions exhibit advantageous optical properties, such as high photostability, a long luminescence lifetime, narrow emission bands, and a broad absorption band. Different nanosystems are described in terms of their biomedical applications: luminescent LaF
3
NPs (the most chosen host matrix), persistent luminescence NPs (Ln‐doped Ca
0.2
Mg
0.9
Zn
0.9
Si
2
O
6
NPs), upconversion NPs (NaYF
4
), and paramagnetic NPs (Gd complexes on Au NPs or on silica NPs).
Decision‐making processes for the uptake and implementation of family‐based therapy by eating disorder treatment teams: A qualitative study
Authors: Kimber Melissa , Couturier Jennifer , Jack Susan , Niccols Alison , Van Blyderveen Sherry , McVey Gail
Published: September 2013

Objective

To explore the decision‐making processes involved in the uptake and implementation of evidence‐based treatments (EBTs), namely, family‐based treatment (FBT), among therapists and their administrators within publically funded eating disorder treatment programs in Ontario, Canada.

Method

Fundamental qualitative description guided sampling, data collection, and analytic decisions. Forty therapists and 11 administrators belonging to a network of clinicians treating eating disorders completed an in‐depth interview regarding the decision‐making processes involved in EBT uptake and implementation within their organizations. Content analysis and the constant comparative technique were used to analyze interview transcripts, with 20% of the data independently double‐coded by a second coder.

Results

Therapists and their administrators identified the importance of an inclusive change culture in evidence‐based practice (EBP) decision‐making. Each group indicated reluctance to make EBP decisions in isolation from the other. Additionally, participants identified seven stages of decision‐making involved in EBT adoption, beginning with exposure to the EBT model and ending with evaluating the impact of the EBT on patient outcomes. Support for a stage‐based decision‐making process was in participants' indication that the stages were needed to demonstrate that they considered the costs and benefits of making a practice change. Participants indicated that EBTs endorsed by the Provincial Network for Eating Disorders or the Academy for Eating Disorders would more likely be adopted.

Discussion

Future work should focus on integrating the important decision‐making processes identified in this study with known implementation models to increase the use of low‐cost and effective treatments, such as FBT, within eating disorder treatment programs. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2014; 47:32–39)
Four Discrete Transition Metal Complexes Involving Pyridyl‐substituted Nitronyl Nitroxide: Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Zhou Jie , Du Lin , Hu Yan , Chen Peng , Li Bin , Zhao Qi‐Hua
Published: September 2013

Four discrete metal‐radical complexes, [Cu(p‐MePh‐COO)2(NITpPy)2] (1), [Ni(m‐MePhCOO)2(NITpPy)2(H2O)2]·(CH3‐OH)2 (2), [Mn(p‐MePhCOO)2(NITpPy)2(H2O)2] (3), and [Mn(m‐MePhCOO)2(NITpPy)2(H2O)2] (4) [NITpPy = 2‐(4‐pyridyl)‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐imidazolyl‐1‐oxyl‐3‐oxide] were synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, PXRD, single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, and magnetic susceptibility. For the four complexes, the crystal structural analyses indicate that the two radical ligands coordinated to the metal ions by the nitrogen atoms of the pyridine rings form three spin complexes, where toluates act as co‐ligands. Weak antiferromagnetic interactions [JCu–Rad = –6.75 cm–1 (1), JCo–Rad = –4.15 cm–1 (2), JMn–Rad = –0.22 cm–1 (3), and JMn–Rad = –3.74 cm–1 (4)] were observed, spin polarization mechanism and orbital symmetry are used to explain the magnetic coupling in these complexes.
On integrating confidentiality and functionality in a formal method
Authors: Banks Michael J. , Jacob Jeremy L.
Published: September 2013

This paper proposes a formal method, based on
Circus
, for developing software systems that respect a joint specification of functionality and confidentiality attributes. We extend the semantics of
Circus
to capture the information that users can infer about a system’s behaviour, enabling confidentiality and functionality attributes of a system to be specified together. We represent inconsistencies between functionality and confidentiality properties as miracles, rendering insecure functionality infeasible. We present techniques for verifying that a system design’s functionality and confidentiality attributes are mutually consistent, and for ensuring that consistency is maintained by refinement steps.
Fatty Acids in Heterocyclic Synthesis. Part XIV: Synthesis of Surface Active Agents from Some Novel Class of Oxadiazole, Thiadiazole and Triazole Derivatives Having Microbiological Activities
Authors: Gad El‐Karim Iman A. , Amine Mahasen S. , Mahmoud Amal A. , Gouda Alaa S.
Published: September 2013

Reaction of stearic acid with semicarbazide in refluxing POCl3 afforded 2‐amino‐5‐heptadecyl 1,3,4‐oxadiazole. Acylation of the amino group with acetic anhydride, ethyl chloroacetate and chloroacetic acid gave amide and β‐amino acid derivatives. These compounds were cyclized to imidazo[2,1‐b]oxadiazole derivatives by two different techniques. Treating the starting oxadiazole compound with P2S5, hydroxyl amine and hydrazine hydrate in benzene afforded thiadiazole and triazole derivatives. Unexpectedly, triazolo[3,4‐b][1,3,4]oxadiazole derivative was obtained when 1,3,4‐oxadiazole derivative was refluxed with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol. The biological activities of the synthesized compounds were screened in vitro against some gram positive and gram negative bacteria and fungi. Addition of quantitative amount of propylene oxide units (3, 5, 7 mol) to the synthesized compounds afforded new nonionic surfactants. The physico‐chemical and surface properties of the novel synthesized surfactants such as surface and interfacial tension, cloud point, wetting time, emulsion stability, foam height, CMC, resistance to hydrolysis and their biodegradability were investigated. In addition, surface parameters including effectiveness (πCMC), efficiency (PC20), maximum surface excess (Γmax) and (Amin) were examined.
Lay Conceptualizations of Spirituality and Religiousness Among Jewish Israeli Men and Women
Authors: Lazar Aryeh
Published: September 2013

In order to clarify the lay conceptualization of spirituality and the overlap between the constructs of spirituality and religiousness, the relations between a multidimensional measure of spirituality and overall measures of spirituality and religiousness were examined. A total of 111 Israeli Jewish men and women responded to the Spiritual Orientation Inventory (SOI), a multidimensional measure of humanistic spirituality, and to single-item overall measures of spirituality and religiousness. For both men and women, all SOI sub-scales were significantly related to spirituality. In contrast, three SOI sub-scales—Altruism, Idealism, and Awareness of the tragic—were not related to religiousness. Regression analysis indicated that for men, spirituality is a more one-dimensional construct strongly associated with the experiential aspects of spirituality. In comparison, women demonstrated a more complex perception of spirituality associated with a variety of intrinsic spiritual values. In addition, for men the overlap between religiousness and spirituality centers on life coherency whereas for women the overlap appears to be more general.
Topological evolution in compressible turbulent boundary layers
Authors: Chu You-Biao , Lu Xi-Yun
Published: September 2013

Topological evolution of compressible turbulent boundary layers at Mach 2 is investigated by means of statistical analysis of the invariants of the velocity gradient tensor based on the direct numerical simulation database. The probability density functions of the rate of change of the invariants exhibit the $- 3$ power-law distribution in the region of large Lagrangian derivative of the invariants in the inner and outer layers. The topological evolution is studied by conditional mean trajectories for the evolution of the invariants. The trajectories illustrate inward-spiralling orbits around and converging to the origin of the space of invariants in the outer layer, while they are repelled by the vicinity of the origin and converge towards a limit cycle in the inner layer. The compressibility effect on the mean topological evolution is studied in terms of the ‘incompressible’, compressed and expanding regions. It is found that the mean evolution of flow topologies is altered by the compressibility. The evolution equations of the invariants are derived and the relevant dynamics of the mean topological evolution are analysed. The compressibility effect is mainly related to the pressure effect. The mutual-interaction terms among the invariants are the root of the clockwise spiral behaviour of the local flow topology in the space of invariants.
Fluctuations of thermodynamic variables in stationary compressible turbulence
Authors: Donzis Diego A. , Jagannathan Shriram
Published: September 2013

A large database of new direct numerical simulations of forced compressible turbulence on up to$204{8}^{3} $grids, and a range of Reynolds (${R}_{\lambda } $) and turbulent Mach (${M}_{t} $) numbers, is analysed to study the scaling of pressure, density and temperature fluctuations. Small-perturbation analysis is used to study the scaling of variances, and different cross-correlations as well as spectra. Qualitative differences are observed between low and high${M}_{t} $. The probability density functions (p.d.f.s) of pressure and density are negatively skewed at low${M}_{t} $(consistent with incompressible results) but become positively skewed at high${M}_{t} $. The positive tails are found to follow a log-normal distribution. A new variable is introduced to quantify departures from isentropic fluctuations (an assumption commonly used in the literature) and is found to increase as${ M}_{t}^{2} $. However, positive fluctuations of pressure and density tend to be more isentropic than negative fluctuations. In general, Reynolds number effects on single-point statistics are observed to be weak. The spectral behaviour of pressure, density and temperature is also investigated. While at low${M}_{t} $, pressure appears to scale as${k}^{- 7/ 3} $($k$is the wavenumber) in the inertial range as in incompressible flows, a${k}^{- 5/ 3} $scaling also appears to be consistent with the data at a range of Mach numbers. Density and temperature spectra are found to scale as${k}^{- 5/ 3} $for a range of Mach numbers.
Nucleating bubble clouds with a pair of laser-induced shocks and bubbles
Authors: Quinto-Su Pedro A. , Ando Keita
Published: September 2013

Laser-induced optical breakdown at two spatial locations in ultrapure water saturated with ambient gas is used to nucleate microscopic bubble clouds with lifetimes of tens of nanoseconds. The liquid is ruptured via the interaction of a pair of laser-induced shocks and bubbles. We find that the acoustically nucleated micro-bubbles appear in a localized region defined by the plane that bisects the pair of foci, where rarefaction waves (reflected from the laser-induced bubbles) merge. We measure the probability for acoustic nucleation as a function of the separation between the foci, and the minimum pressures for each separation are calculated with Euler flow simulations. The simulations show that the liquid is exposed to negative pressures for 3–17 ns. A statistical threshold pressure for cavitation inception (0.5 probability) of $- 20. 1\pm 3. 4~\mathrm{MPa} $ is extracted from the measured probabilities and the calculated minimum pressures.
Suppression of antipsychotic-induced tardive dyskinesia with aripiprazole in an elderly patient with bipolar I disorder
Authors: Wu Wei-Yi , Chan Hung-Yu , Tan Happy Kuy-Lok
Published: September 2013

Introduction

Aripiprazole has a low risk for causing extrapyramidal syndrome and can remit neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia (TD). Here, we presented a case in which TD was suppressed, but not cured, by long-term aripiprazole treatment.

Case

This 74-year-old male patient had bipolar I disorder and had developed TD many times after several antipsychotic treatments. The lowest chlorpromazine dose equivalent among the previous antipsychotic treatments was 25 mg/day of quetiapine. His TD always improved immediately after the dosage was shifted to aripiprazole. However, his insomnia or other psychiatric symptoms worsened the first three times when the treatment was shifted to aripiprazole, making the transition a failure. Before the fourth attempt of aripiprazole transition, the patient was in a euthymic state but again developed TD under olanzapine 10 mg/day treatment. During the fourth attempt of aripiprazole transition, his TD had remained in complete remission for more than 1 year after the dosage shifted to 10 mg/day of aripiprazole. He developed TD again when we tapered the aripiprazole dose to 5 mg/day, but his TD remitted when we restored his aripiprazole dose to 10 mg/day.

Conclusion

Aripiprazole could be an effective drug in elderly bipolar patients with antipsychotic-induced TD while the patients are in a euthymic state. However, aripiprazole may only suppress TD rather than cure it.
Short- and long-term effects of a maternal low-protein diet on ventilation, O2/CO2chemoreception and arterial blood pressure in male rat offspring
Authors: de Brito Alves José Luiz , Nogueira Viviane Oliveira , de Oliveira Gerliny Bezerra , da Silva Glauber Santos Ferreira , Wanderley Almir Gonçalves , Leandro Carol Góis , Costa-Silva João Henrique
Published: September 2013

Maternal undernutrition increases the risk of adult arterial hypertension. The present study investigated the short- and long-term effects of a maternal low-protein diet on respiratory rhythm, O2/CO2chemosensitivity and arterial blood pressure (ABP) of the offspring. Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups according to their mothers' diets during gestation and lactation: control (NP, 17 % of casein) and low-protein (LP, 8 % of casein) groups. Direct measurements of ABP, respiratory frequency (RF), tidal volume (VT) and ventilation (VE), as well as hypercapnia (7 % CO2) and hypoxia (7 % O2) evoked respiratory responses were recorded from the awake male offspring at the 30th and 90th days of life. Blood samples were collected for the analyses of protein, creatinine and urea concentrations. The LP offspring had impaired body weight and length throughout the experiment. At 30 d of age, the LP rats showed a reduction in the concentrations of total serum protein (approximately 24 %). ABP in the LP rats was similar to that in the NP rats at 30 d of age, but it was 20 % higher at 90 d of age. With respect to ventilatory parameters, the LP rats showed enhanced RF (approximately 34 %) and VE (approximately 34 %) at 30 d of age, which was associated with increased ventilatory responses to hypercapnia (approximately 21 % in VE) and hypoxia (approximately 82 % in VE). At 90 d of age, the VE values and CO2/O2chemosensitivity of the LP rats were restored to the control range, but the RF values remained elevated. The present data show that a perinatal LP diet alters respiratory rhythm and O2/CO2chemosensitivity at early ages, which may be a predisposing factor for increased ABP at adulthood.
Ants’ learning of nest entrance characteristics (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
Authors: Cammaerts M.-C.
Published: September 2013

Young workers, experimentally removed from their nest and set in front of it, are not very good at finding the nest entrance and entering the nest. I examined how young ants learn their nest entrance characteristics, dealing only with the entrance sensu stricto, not with its vicinity. I observed that young ants have the innate behavior of trying to exit and re-enter their nest. I found that they are imprinted with the nest entrance odor while they are still living inside their nest and that they learn the visual aspect of their nest entrances, thanks to operant conditioning, when they exit their nest and succeed in re-entering in the course of their first short trips outside.
The Emergence of Parties in the Canadian House of Commons (1867–1908)
Authors: Godbout Jean-François , Høyland Bjørn
Published: September 2013

Abstract. This study analyses legislative voting in the first ten Canadian Parliaments (1867–1908). The results demonstrate that party unity in the House of Commons dramatically increased over time. From the comparative literature on legislative organization, we identify three factors to explain this trend: partisan sorting, electoral incentives and negative agenda control. Our empirical analysis shows that intraparty conflict is primarily explained by the opposition between Anglo-Celtic/Protestants and French/Catholic members of Parliament. Once lawmakers sort into parties according to their religious affiliations, we observe a sharp increase in voting unity within the Liberal and Conservative caucuses. Ultimately, our results highlight the importance of territorial and socio-cultural conflicts, as well as agenda control, in explaining the emergence of parties as cohesive voting groups in the House of Commons.

Résumé. Cette étude analyse le vote législatif dans les dix premiers parlements canadiens (1867–1908). Les résultats démontrent que l'unité partisane à la Chambre des communes a augmenté dramatiquement durant cette période. En nous basant sur les principales théories liées à l'organisation des législatures, nous identifions trois facteurs pour expliquer cette tendance : la classification partisane; les pressions électorales; et le contrôle de l'agenda législatif. Nos analyses empiriques confirment que les conflits intra-partisans au Parlement s'expliquent principalement par l'opposition entre les députés Anglos-Celtiques/Protestants et Francos/Catholiques. À partir du moment où les députés commencent à rejoindre les principaux partis selon leur groupe religieux, nous observons un accroissement important de l'unité législative au sein des caucus libéral et conservateur. Les résultats de cette recherche soulignent l'importance des conflits territoriaux et socioculturels, mais aussi de l'agenda législatif, pour expliquer l'émergence des partis politiques comme groupes cohésifs à la Chambre des communes.
How Can International Criminal Courts Have a Greater Impact on National Criminal Proceedings? Lessons from the First Two Decades of International Criminal Justice in Operation
Authors: Shany Yuval
Published: September 2013

International actors and observers have afforded greater attention in recent years to the role of national courts in bringing to justice perpetrators of international crimes. Not only are national courts typically less expensive to operate than international courts, they also enjoy at times more legitimacy in the eyes of local constituencies than their international counterparts. They can also reach deeper into society and cast a wider net than international criminal courts. Indeed, there is an increased tendency to view international criminal courts as mechanisms primarily designed to support and complement the work of national criminal procedures, and to pay closer attention to the interaction between the two sets of judicial institutions. It is against this background that the Project on Studying the Impact of International Courts in Domestic Criminal Procedures in Mass Atrocity Cases (the DOMAC project) has sought to draw lessons from the experience accumulated by the interactions that took place between national and international courts in the two decades that have passed since the establishment of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. This was done in the hope that such lessons may guide such interactions in the future. Indeed, DOMAC reports have looked into interactions relating to specific legal aspects (applicable laws, prosecution rates, sentencing policies and capacity development) and/or at specific geographical regions (for example, the Balkans, Africa, Latin America, East Timor) and provide many interesting stories of success and failure, from which valuable lessons can be learned. The purpose of this article is to offer, on the basis of the said DOMAC reports, some general observations on the impact of international courts on domestic criminal processes (in the aftermath of mass atrocity situations), and to discuss the structural deficiencies that may have led until now to sub-optimal levels of cooperation and division of labour between international and national criminal procedures. On the basis of these critical observations, a number of general recommendations for future policy planners will be considered. The article first describes some of the main impacts of international courts on domestic courts handling mass atrocity cases. It then discusses four overarching problems, which may have hampered such interactions: the lack of a comprehensive legal response to mass atrocities, inadequate allocation of resources, the absence of ultimate responsibility over the international response, and legitimacy deficits. The concluding section sketches a number of proposals based on the discussion in the two immediately preceding sections.
Visualising conversations between care home staff and residents with dementia
Authors: BAKER ROSEMARY , ANGUS DANIEL , SMITH-CONWAY ERIN R. , BAKER KATHARINE S. , GALLOIS CINDY , SMITH ANDREW , WILES JANET , CHENERY HELEN J.
Published: September 2013

People with dementia living in residential care often face the dual disadvantage of increasing difficulty with communication and reduced opportunities for conversation. Social interaction is central to wellbeing of residents with dementia, so it is important that care staff have the skills to engage in conversation with them. We studied conversations in 20 care staff–resident dyads, to examine conversation structure and content, patterns of engagement within conversations, including the topics around which engagement occurred, and communication behaviours by care staff that appeared to facilitate (or impede) participation by residents. The transcripts were analysed using Discursis, a computational information visualisation tool that allows interactive visual inspection, in context, of the contributions by each speaker, the turn-taking dynamics, and the content recurring within and between speakers. We present case examples (a) where care staff did most of the talking, initiated topics and were responsible for most recurrence of content; (b) where talk was more evenly shared between partners, with some topics initiated and/or elaborated by participants with dementia; and (c) where participants with dementia talked most, with care staff supporting the conversation. We identified accommodative strategies used by care staff, such as reflecting back the other person's responses to sustain engagement. We also noted care staff behaviours that impeded communication, such as not listening attentively and not allowing sufficient time for responses. The results from this study highlight aspects of social communication within the aged care context and suggest ways in which rewarding interactions between staff and residents with dementia might be encouraged.
Orbit Determination of Geostationary Earth Orbit Satellite by Transfer with Differenced Ranges between Slave-Slave Stations
Authors: Fen Cao , XuHai Yang , MuDan Su , ZhiGang Li , ChuGang Feng , BaoQi Sun , Ying Yang , Yao Kong
Published: September 2013

In order to more restrict the transverse orbit error, a new method named “differenced ranges between slave stations by transfer”, similar to Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observation, has been developed in the Chinese Area Positioning System (CAPS). This method has the number of baselines added, the baseline length increased and the data volume enlarged. In this article, the principle of “differenced ranges between slave stations by transfer” has been described in detail, with the clock offset between slave stations and system error which affects the precision of the differenced ranges observation being discussed. Using this method, the differenced observation of the SINOSAT-1 satellite with C-band between slave stations from 6 to 13 June 2005 was conducted. Then a comparison was made between the accuracy of orbit determination and orbit prediction. A conclusion can be drawn that the combination of pseudo-range receiving the own-station-disseminated signal and the differenced range observation between slave-slave stations has a higher orbit determination and prediction accuracy than using only the former.
Weekend diagnosis of Escherichia coli urinary tract infection does not predict poor outcome
Authors: ECHAIZ J. F. , HENDERSON J. P. , WARREN D. K. , MARSCHALL J.
Published: September 2013

It has been suggested that mortality is higher in patients admitted to hospitals during the weekend. The objective of this study was to compare outcomes in patients with E. coli urinary tract infection (UTI) depending on the hospital admission day. For this purpose, a secondary analysis of data from a prospective cohort of patients with E. coli UTI was conducted. Weekend diagnosis of UTI was not associated with higher mortality. However, mortality was associated with sepsis, sepsis-induced hypotension and intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Sepsis-induced hypotension and ICU admission were independent determinants of mortality. The results indicate that indicators of severity of illness are associated with higher mortality in patients with UTI rather than the time of diagnosis.
Dissociable brain correlates for depression, anxiety, dissociation, and somatization in depersonalization-derealization disorder
Authors: Lemche Erwin , Surguladze Simon A. , Brammer Michael J. , Phillips Mary L. , Sierra Mauricio , David Anthony S. , Williams Steven C. R. , Giampietro Vincent P.
Published: September 2013

Objective

The cerebral mechanisms of traits associated with depersonalization-derealization disorder (DPRD) remain poorly understood.

Method

Happy and sad emotion expressions were presented to DPRD and non-referred control (NC) subjects in an implicit event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) design, and correlated with self report scales reflecting typical co-morbidities of DPRD: depression, dissociation, anxiety, somatization.

Results

Significant differences between the slopes of the two groups were observed for somatization in the right temporal operculum (happy) and ventral striatum, bilaterally (sad). Discriminative regions for symptoms of depression were the right pulvinar (happy) and left amygdala (sad). For dissociation, discriminative regions were the left mesial inferior temporal gyrus (happy) and left supramarginal gyrus (sad). For state anxiety, discriminative regions were the left inferior frontal gyrus (happy) and parahippocampal gyrus (sad). For trait anxiety, discriminative regions were the right caudate head (happy) and left superior temporal gyrus (sad).

Discussion

The ascertained brain regions are in line with previous findings for the respective traits. The findings suggest separate brain systems for each trait.

Conclusion

Our results do not justify any bias for a certain nosological category in DPRD.
Evaluating the impact on saving of tax-favored retirement plans
Authors: PAIELLA MONICA , TISENO ANDREA
Published: September 2013

This paper exploits a recent reform of private pension schemes in Italy to identify the impact on household saving of tax-favored retirement saving plans. The reform was part of the restructuring of the social security system and was aimed at rising private long-term saving by making pension funds more attractive and convenient. We control for unobserved saver heterogeneity and a central focus is on substitution across saving instruments. We find that the pension fund legislation had a strong effect on the allocation of saving and triggered substantial substitution of non-tax-favored non-retirement wealth for tax-favored pension funds. In contrast, we find that it had little, if any effect on household saving flows. Our findings also suggest that the provision of ‘closed’ pension funds might significantly affect the decision to invest in private retirement schemes.
Redescription and taxonomic status of specimens of Episcoposaurus and Typothorax, the earliest known aetosaurs (Archosauria: Suchia) from the Upper Triassic of western North America, and the problem of proxy “holotypes”
Authors: Parker William G.
Published: September 2013

Historic type and referred material of the aetosaurian taxa Typothorax coccinarum, Episcoposaurus horridus and Episcoposaurus haplocerus are redescribed and the non-aetosaurian material identified and removed, a task previously considered “hopeless”. Reexamination of the original material reveals that the holotypes of E. haplocerus and probably T. coccinarum are not diagnosable at the species level and therefore are nomena dubia. The next available names for material referred to these taxa are Desmatosuchus spurensis and E. horridus respectively, although it may be more desirable for reasons of taxonomic stability to attempt to petition for a neotype in the latter case. The redescription of historical specimens is necessary to determine their nomenclatural validity. The use of referred specimens as proxy “type” specimens is problematic, as these referrals were originally made not on the basis of apomorphies, but rather on biostratigraphic and/or geographical assumptions which are inherently circular and cannot be unambiguously supported.
Further analysis of a Late Jurassic dinosaur bone-bed from the Morrison Formation of Montana, USA, with a computed three-dimensional reconstruction
Authors: Storrs Glenn W. , Oser Sara E. , Aull Mark
Published: September 2013

A Late Jurassic sauropod bone-bed comprising thousands of individual skeletal elements in the Morrison Formation of Montana, USA, is re-analysed to further elucidate its taphonomic history. New data gained from detailed contextual sampling is assembled and presented to test the hypothesis of a drought-induced, mass-mortality assemblage, and its subsequent depositional emplacement by a debris flow. Large dinosaur bone-beds are well-known in the Morrison, yet the Mother's Day Quarry site is unique for the formation in depicting an apparent debris flow deposit. Use of a computer program tailored to the data allows three-dimensional reconstruction of the bone-bed and recreates the palaeoslope of the deposit, adding support to the debris flow hypothesis. Such digital manipulation of field data may allow a deeper understanding of other bone-bed origination events.
Tyrannosauroid dinosaurs from the Aguja Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of Big Bend National Park, Texas
Authors: Lehman Thomas M. , Wick Steven L.
Published: September 2013

Rare remains of tyrannosauroid dinosaurs from the Aguja Formation in West Texas indicate the presence here of a relatively gracile species, comparable in form and adult size toAppalachiosaurusor subadult albertosaurines,GorgosaurusandAlbertosaurus. Histologic analysis of one of the specimens indicates that the Aguja tyrannosaur attained an adult size substantially smaller than adult albertosaurines (700 kg, 6·5 m body length). The frontal bone is narrow with a wide orbital slot and a bipartite joint for the postorbital, features thought to be diagnostic of Albertosaurinae; but there is a tall sagittal crest and reduced parietal wedge separating the frontals on the midline, features thought to be diagnostic of Tyrannosaurinae. The tall sagittal crest may be a synapomorphy of Tyrannosaurinae, and the Aguja tyrannosaur is herein referred to that clade. However, the unique combination of character states exhibited by the frontal prevents confident attribution to any known species. The Aguja tyrannosaur provides further evidence that North American Campanian tyrannosauroids were remarkably diverse for such large predators, and that each species was apparently endemic to a relatively small geographic province.
Jaw musculature and jaw mechanics ofSebecus icaeorhinusSimpson, 1937 (Mesoeucrocodylia, Sebecosuchia)
Authors: Molnar Ralph E.
Published: September 2013

Sebecus icaeorhinuspossessed a narrow, elevated snout and laterally compressed, serrate teeth, unlike modern crocodilians, but superficially similar to those of theropod dinosaurs. Lever arms of the mandibular adductors were generally relatively greater than those ofCrocodylus niloticus. Some of the adductors and thedepressor mandibulaewere relatively larger than inAlligator mississippiensis. ThusSebecusmay have had a stronger bite than the modern forms examined. The form of the teeth suggests use in cutting. Some theropod dinosaurs are similar to sebecosuchians in the possession of relatively deep, narrow snouts and laterally-compressed, serrate teeth. However, the adductor structure was substantially different from that ofSebecus. The presence of muscle and tendon attachments inSebecussuggests the adductor structure of mesoeucrocodylians is conservative and was established before divergence of the sebecosuchian and neosuchian lineages. No results presented here contradict the interpretation of sebecosuchians as land-dwelling predators.
A new unusual tapejarid (Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea) from the Early Cretaceous Romualdo Formation, Araripe Basin, Brazil
Authors: Kellner Alexander W. A.
Published: September 2013

A new unusual tapejarid pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous Romualdo Formation (Araripe Basin, Brazil) is described, based on a skull, lower jaw and some postcranial elements.Caupedactylus ybakagen. et sp. shows the typical high nasoantorbital fenestra of the Thalassodrominae but lacks a palatal ridge, and shares with the Tapejarinae several features, including a downturned rostral end, allowing its allocation to that clade. Furthermore, the new species differs in having an anteriorly and posteriorly expanded premaxillary sagittal crest, the lacrimal process of the jugal strongly inclined, and a slit-like postpalatine fenestra, among other characters. The region of the left jugal-quadratojugal-quadrate shows a pathology that is likely the result of an infection. The lateral surface of the premaxillary crest presents grooves that were interpreted in other pterosaurs as impressions of blood vessels, corroborating growing evidence that cranial crests could have been involved in thermoregulation. Also, the new species has a well-preserved palate with a large palatine forming the anterior region of the choanae and the postpalatine fenestra and a secondary subtemporal fenestra. Since the latter has been regarded as unique to non-pterodactyloids, its occurrence inCaupedactylusdemonstrates that the evolution of palatal region in pterosaurs is more complex than previously thought.
A taxonomic and biostratigraphic re-evaluation of the Post Quarry vertebrate assemblage from the Cooper Canyon Formation (Dockum Group, Upper Triassic) of southern Garza County, western Texas
Authors: Martz Jeffrey W. , Mueller Bill , Nesbitt Sterling J. , Stocker Michelle R. , Parker William G. , Atanassov Momchil , Fraser Nicholas , Weinbaum Jonathan , Lehane James R.
Published: September 2013

The Post Quarry, within the lower part of the type section of the Upper Triassic Cooper Canyon Formation in southern Garza County, western Texas, contains a remarkably diverse vertebrate assemblage. The Post Quarry has produced: the small temnospondylRileymillerus cosgriffi; the metoposauridApachesaurus gregorii; possible dicynodonts and eucynodonts; a clevosaurid sphenodontian; non-archosauriform archosauromorphs (Trilophosaurus dornorum, simiosaurians, and possiblyMalerisaurus); the phytosaurLeptosuchus; several aetosaurs (Calyptosuchus wellesi,Typothorax coccinarum,Paratypothorax, andDesmatosuchus smalli); the poposauroidShuvosaurus inexpectatus(“Chatterjeea elegans”); the rauisuchidPostosuchus kirkpatricki; an early crocodylomorph; several dinosauromorphs (the lagerpetidDromomeron gregorii, the silesauridTechnosaurus smalli, a herrerasaurid, and an early neotheropod); and several enigmatic small diapsids. Revised lithostratigraphic correlations of the lower Cooper Canyon Formation with the Tecovas Formation, the occurrence ofLeptosuchus, and the overall composition of the assemblage indicate that the Post Quarry falls within the Adamanian biozone, and not the Revueltian biozone. Stratigraphic subdivision of the Adamanian biozone may be possible, and the Post Quarry may be correlative with the upper part of the Adamanian biozone in Arizona. The age of the Post Quarry assemblage is possibly late Lacian or earliest Alaunian (late early Norian or earliest middle Norian), between 220 and 215 Ma.
The Late Jurassic pterosaurs from northern Patagonia, Argentina
Authors: Codorniú Laura , Gasparini Zulma
Published: September 2013

Records of flying Jurassic reptiles are very scarce in the Southern Hemisphere. Upper Jurassic pterosaurs have been discovered in marine Tithonian sediments of the Vaca Muerta Formation, in the Neuquén Basin, Patagonia, Argentina. Only four specimens are known so far: the first from Arroyo Picún Leufú, and the other three from the lithographic limestones of Los Catutos. Here, we update knowledge of Late Jurassic pterosaurs from northwest Patagonia. We revise the diagnosis and description of a previously described pterodactyloid, which is named as a new genus and species,Wenupteryx uzi. This small-sized pterosaur shows affinities with Euctenochasmatia or Archaeopterodactyloidea, and represents the most complete Jurassic pterosaur so far known from the Southern Hemisphere. We also report a recent finding suggesting that the new specimen belongs to a new species of pterodactyloid pterosaur. These records show that at least three different taxa of pterosaurs coexisted in the Neuquén Basin:Herbstosaurus,Wenupteryxand a more derived pterodactyloid that represents the largest pterosaur known from the Upper Jurassic of Gondwana.
Late Miocene crocodylians from northeast Argentina: new approaches about the austral components of the Neogene South American crocodylian fauna
Authors: Bona Paula , Riff Douglas , Gasparini Zulma Brandoni de
Published: September 2013

The richest and more explored regions concerning Miocene crocodylians in South America are the basins surrounding the areas of Urumaco (Venezuela), La Venta (Colombia), Acre (Northwest Brazil) and Paraná (Northeast Argentina). Fossils from the late Miocene in the Paraná area were recovered from the “Conglomerado Osífero” (Ituzaingó Formation) and assigned to several taxa of Caimaninae (Alligatoroidea) and to a taxon of Gavialoidea. The late Miocene “fauna” of crocodylians recorded in northeast Argentina differs from coeval ones of northern South America by the absence of crocodyloids, some alligatorid genera (such as Purussaurus, Melanosuchus, and Paleosuchus) and by the scarce gavialoid species. Giant forms, conspicuous in the northern South American deposits, are also absent in southern latitudes. Despite this, the austral South American crocodylian fauna exhibits strong affinities with the northern, contemporary forms, sharing taxa at generic (i.e. Caiman and Gryposuchus) and even specific levels (i.e. Mourasuchus nativus). The sharing of such freshwater taxa in the Miocene indicates partial connections of drainage basins through swamp areas on their boundaries, and is evidence against the assumption of an intracontinental coeval seaway link in this continent proposed by several authors.
Micromechanics of emergent patterns in plastic flows
Authors: Biswas Santidan , Grant Martin , Samajdar Indradev , Haldar Arunansu , Sain Anirban
Published: September 2013

Crystalline solids undergo plastic deformation and subsequently flow when subjected to stresses beyond their elastic limit. In nature most crystalline solids exist in polycrystalline form. Simulating plastic flows in polycrystalline solids has wide ranging applications, from material processing to understanding intermittency of earthquake dynamics. Using phase field crystal (PFC) model we show that in sheared polycrystalline solids the atomic displacement field shows spatio-temporal heterogeneity spanning over several orders of length and time scales, similar to that in amorphous solids. The displacement field also exhibits localized quadrupolar patterns, characteristic of two dislocations of the opposite sign approaching each other. This is a signature of crystallinity at microscopic scale. Polycrystals being halfway between single crystals and amorphous solids, in terms of the degree of structural order, descriptions of solid mechanics at two widely different scales, namely continuum plastic flow and discrete dislocation dynamics turns out to be necessary here.
In VivoSensors for Continuous Monitoring of Blood Gases, Glucose, and Lactate: Biocompatibility Challenges and Potential Solutions
Authors: Frost Megan C. , Wolf Alexander K. , Meyerhoff Mark E.
Published: September 2013

The technology has existed for more than 40 years to construct miniature, robust sensors capable of monitoring important physiological analytes such as blood gases, glucose, lactate, etc. These sensors have never achieved widespread use in either the hospital setting or for ambulatory patients for in vivo, real-time monitoring due to unreliable performance when they are placed in the biological environment. In this chapter, we will examine the underlying biological response toward these devices placed in vivo, why the dynamic biological responses pose special challenges to real-time monitoring and review current strategies being investigated to overcome limitations on monitoring created by the physiological responses toward the implanted sensors. The ability to reliably monitor important analytes in real time offers the opportunity to radically improve patient care and improve the quality of life for ambulatory patients and warrants continued research to develop successful strategies that can achieve this important goal.