bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Small Area Estimation untuk Estimasi Angka Kematian Bayi di Indonesia menggunakan Metode Empirical Best Linear Unbiased Prediction
Authors: Ratu Nadra Yudelsa , Ikhsan Easbi
Published: November 2021

Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) adalah jumlah kematian bayi usia di bawah satu tahun untuk setiap 1000 kelahiran bayi lahir hidup dalam kurun waktu satu tahun. IMR merupakan indikator penting dari status kesehatan dari masyarakat dalam suatu daerah. Hal ini sejalan dengan Sustainable Development Goals (SDG’s) yang ke tiga yaitu memastikan kehidupan yang sehat dan mendukung kesejahteraan bagi semua untuk semua usia. AKB dihasilkan melalui estimasi langsung dari Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI). Akan tetapi, dalam SDKI 2017, AKB hanya bisa menghasilkan indikator pada level nasional. Hal ini disebabkan estimasi langsung dari AKB di beberapa provinsi memiliki nilai Relatif Standard Error (RSE) yang besar dan ukuran sampel yang tidak mencukupi. Dalam jurnal ini, kami mempelajari Small Area Estimation (SAE) menggunakan metode Empirical Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (EBLUP) level area untuk mengatasi keterbatasan estimasi AKB di level provinsi. SAE dilakukan dengan meminjam kekuatan beberapa variabel dari data Potensi Desa (PODES) yang berkorelasi kuat dengan AKB tingkat provinsi di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa SAE menggunakan metode EBLUP memiliki nilai RSE yang lebih kecil dibandingkan estimasi langsung dari SDKI. Sehingga, dapat dikatakan bahwa SAE menggunakan metode EBLUP baik untuk memperkirakan AKB level provinsi di Indonesia pada tahun 2017.
Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Teratai (Nymphaea) di Desa Tambak Baru Ilir, Martapura, Kabupaten Banjar
Authors: Yuniar Herlina , Kuntorini Evi Mintowati , Sari Sasi Gendro
Published: November 2021

Lotus, classified as Nymphaea, is hydrophyte plant with high potencies. The aim of the study is to discover the utilization and processing of lotus plant, and to determine the secondary metabolite of Nymphaea pubescens Willd. and N. nouchali Brum F. The methods used were by doing survey and direct interview with semi-structural technic by fulfilling questionnaire data. Selection of respondents was done by simple random sampling method. Sample taking was done by purposive sampling which considered the sample existence that could represent those lotus plants. The results showed that the utilization of N. pubescens is mostly around 47% by boiling, pounding, and sauteing them meanwhile the utilization of N. nouchali Brum F is mostly around 73% by boiling and sauteing them. Parts of the lotus plant used are seed and stem. Leaves of N. pubescens are used for healing dysentery by making them for drink. Seeds of N. pubescens have potencies in increasing functions of heart and lymph, improving stamina, anti-aging, curing diarrhea, and desentery.
Factors Related to Behavior in Implementing Patient Safety in Nurses
Authors: Supriatin Eva , Lindayani Linlin
Published: November 2021

Patient safety is an important component in care and measures to improve the quality of service quality. The strategy of implementing patient safety has been carried out with various efforts in the hospital environment. The highest number of patient safety data by province in Banten is 125 reports, and Jakarta is 105 reports. This study aimed to determine factor-factors related to the behavior of the application of patient safetyto the nursein the Emergency Room Installation of RSUD dr. Dradjat Prawiranegara in 2018.The study design was cross sectional in which the samples were taken by total sampling method. The study population was nurses in the emergency room of RSUD dr. Dradjat Prawiranegara Serang numbered 37 people. Data collection using a questionnaire. Univariate research results showed that of 37 respondents 30 respondents (81.1%) had a good level of knowledge, 21 respondents (56.8%) had positive attitudes, 30 respondents (81.1%) had years of service≥5 years, and 20 respondents (54.1%) have good behavior. Bivariate analysis results show that there is a significant relationship between knowledge(P value = 0.002), attitude (P value = 0.003) and work period ≥5 years (P value = 0.027) with the application of patient safety behavior to nurses. Researchers expect that the hospital able to refresh the application of patient safety to all nurses on a regular basis every six months.
Ahilik Sisteminin Sosyal Bilgiler Değerler Eğitimi Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: KORKMAZ Eyyüp , ŞEKER Mustafa
Published: November 2021

Ahilik sisteminin temel amacı milli ve manevi değerleri benimsemiş ahlaklı, adil, dürüst, dindar ve liyakatli vatandaşlar yetiştirmektir. Ahilik sistemi, faaliyette bulunduğu süre içerisinde bünyesinde barındırmış olduğu değerlerle iktisadi, sosyal ve kültürel alanda etkisini önemli ölçüde hissettirmiştir. Bu çalışmada Ahilik sisteminin Sosyal Bilgiler değerler eğitimi açısından incelenmesine yönelik Sosyal Bilgiler öğretmenlerinin görüşleri tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. 2018 Sosyal Bilgiler öğretim programında değerler eğitiminin, öğretim programının merkezine konulması ve Sosyal Bilgiler Eğitimi alanında daha önce bu konunun çalışılmamış olması çalışmanın önemini arttırmaktadır. Çalışma, nitel araştırma desenlerinden fenomenolojik yaklaşımla tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmaya İstanbul ili Bağcılar, Güngören, Esenler ilçelerinden 19 Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmeni katılmıştır. Araştırmada verileri elde etmek için öğretmenlere yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formuyla hazırlanan sorular sorulmuştur. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Öğretmenler değerleri ve Ahilik sisteminde yer alan değerleri aktarırken sınıfta kendilerinin rol model olması, etkinliklerin düzenlenmesi, okulda öğrencileri ve aileleri bilinçlendirmeye yönelik seminerler ve bilgilendirme faaliyetlerinin olması gerektiğini ifade etmişlerdir. Araştırmanın sonucuna göre öğretmenler, Sosyal Bilgiler Eğitimi, Ahilik sistemi ve değerler eğitimi arasında sıkı bir ilişkinin olduğunu ve bu değerlerin öğrencilere aktarılması gerektiğini ve bunun sonraki yaşamlarında onlara olumlu yönde etkide bulunacağını ifade etmişlerdir. Araştırma neticesinde öğretmenlere, öğrencilere ve ailelere Ahilik sisteminin önemini anlatacak faaliyetler yapılması önerilmektedir.
Income Inequality and Noncash Food Assistance Program in Central Java Province
Authors: Munandar Yusuf
Published: November 2021

One measure of income inequality that is often used is the Gini Coefficient. In Central Java Province, the income inequality in March 2019 was increasing compared to income inequality in September 2018. To reduce this income inequality, the government is focusing on increasing government spending in the field of social assistance, including Non-Cash Food Assistance (Bantuan Pangan Non Tunai/BPNT). Thus, this study aims to calculate and obtain a reduction in the Gini Coefficient as a result of the implementation of the BPNT program in the Central Java Province of Indonesia. This study uses the Counter Factual Analysis (CFA) method and the March 2019 Susenas data. This study concludes that the implementation of the BPNT program in 2019 is quite effective in reducing the level of income inequality in the Central Java Province of Indonesia, which is able to reduce the Gini Coefficient of Central Java Province by -1.20%. The implementation of the BPNT program was able to make the expenditure of the lower class population increase faster than the expenditure of upper and middle class population. The implementation of the BPNT program changes the map of the income inequality level of 35 districts/cities in the Central Java Province of Indonesia but does not change the map of the level of income inequality between urban and rural areas in the Central Java Province of Indonesia. In addition, the implementation of the BPNT program in the Central Java Province of Indonesia has not been able to change the category of income inequality in the Central Java Province of Indonesia, namely that it remains in the moderate category. This study recommends improvements in terms of the target recipients of BPNT, the quality of the human resources of the companions, the time for receiving assistance, the quality of rice, and the readiness of e-warong in 35 districts/cities in the Province of Central Java, Indonesia.
Analysis of Economic Growth through Technological Advancement, Investment, Labor and Education
Authors: Rifai Nur , Gunanto Edy Yusuf Agung , Susilo Joko Hadi
Published: November 2021

This study is aims to determine the variable influence of technological advances, investment, labor and education on economic growth in Central Java Province in 2016-2020, this research is conducted to provide the right economic growth model in accordance with the results of the study. This research is empirical research with quantitative approach. The data used in this study is secondary data from 35 districts/cities in Central Java Province in 2016-2020 so that the number of samples in the study is 175 samples. The data analysis technique in this study uses multiple linear regression analysis with the Fixed Effect model. This study found that the progress variable of technology, labor and education have a significant and positive influence on economic growth in Central Java Province. This study also found the investment variable had an insignificant effect on economic growth in Central Java Province.Keywords: economic growth, technological advancement, investment, labor, education.
Разработка методики расчета течений в многоконтурных трубопроводных сетях
Authors: Повещенко Юрий Андреевич , Poveschenko Yurii Andreevich , Попов Сергей Борисович , Popov Sergey Borisovich , Головченко Евдокия Николаевна , Golovchenko Evdokiya Nikolaevna
Published: November 2021

Работа посвящена разработке методики расчета нестационарного процесса течения сжимаемого флюида в трубопроводной сети на основе системы квазиодномерных (усредненных по поперечному сечению трубы) уравнений сохранения массы, энергии и импульса. Построена конечно-разностная схема и соответствующий алгоритм расчета, реализованный в программном компьютерном коде. Разностная схема обладает свойством консервативности с выполнением сеточных аналогов основных законов сохранения и удовлетворяет критериям устойчивости и монотонности решения. Предлагаемый метод решения состоит в сведении расчета течения в многоконтурной сети труб с большим количеством стыков и разветвлений к множеству трехточечных прогонок, осуществляемых независимо друг от друга на каждой трубе. Достоинством метода является возможность естественного распараллеливания процесса вычислений. В связи с этим метод является перспективным для использования в многопроцессорных системах. Приведены примеры численных расчетов по разработанной методике.
Medicated-Assisted Treatment and 12-Step Programs: Evaluating the Referral Process
Authors: Brown Candace , Williams Chudney , Stephens Ryan , Sharp Jacqueline , Bellflower Bobby , Zeeman Martinus
Published: November 2021

Purpose/Background Overdose deaths in the U.S. from opioids have dramatically increased since the COVID-19 pandemic. Although medicated-assisted treatment (MAT) programs are widely available for sufferers of opiate addiction, many drop out of treatment prematurely. Twelve-step programs are considered a valuable part of treatment, but few studies have examined the effect of combining these approaches. We aimed to compare abstinence rates among patients receiving MAT who were referred to 12-step programs to those only receiving MAT. Methods In this prospective study, a cohort of participants from a MAT clinic agreeing to attend a 12-step program was compared to 15 controls selected from a database before project implementation. Eligible participants were diagnosed with OUD, receiving buprenorphine (opiate agonist), and at least 18. Participants were provided with temporary sponsors to attend Narcotics Anonymous, Alcoholics Anonymous, and Medication-Assisted Recovery meetings together. The primary endpoint was the change in positive opiate urine drug screens over 6 months between participants and controls. Results Between March 29, 2021, and April 16, 2021, 166 patients were scheduled at the clinic. Of those scheduled, 146 were established patients, and 123 were scheduled for face-to-face visits. Of these, 64 appeared for the appointment, 6 were screened, and 3 were enrolled. None of the participants attended a 12-step meeting. Enrollment barriers included excluding new patients and those attending virtual visits, the high percentage of patients who missed appointments, and lack of staff referrals. The low incidence of referrals was due to time constraints by both staff and patients. Implications for Nursing Practice Low enrollment limited our ability to determine whether combining medication management with a 12-step program improves abstinence. Failure to keep appointments is common among patients with OUD, and virtual meetings are becoming more prevalent post-COVID. Although these factors are unlikely to be controllable, developing strategies to expedite the enrollment process for staff and patients could hasten recruitment.
Percutaneous Forefoot Decompression in a Foot Compartment Syndrome Model
Authors: Schupbach Drew E. , Nasser Eddine Mohamad , Honjol Yazan , Merle Geraldine , Harvey Edward J.
Published: November 2021

Background:

Acute compartment syndrome of the foot is a controversial topic. Release of the foot has been seen as complicated because of large incisions and postoperative morbidity, and there has been debate over whether this procedure is actually effective for releasing all areas of increased pressure. New sensor technology affords the opportunity to advance our understanding of acute compartment syndrome of the foot and its treatment. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether percutaneous decompression could be performed for the treatment of compartment syndrome in a forefoot model.

Methods:

The present study utilized a validated continuous pressure sensor to model compartment syndrome in human cadaveric feet. We utilized a pressure-controlled saline solution infusion system to induce increased pressure. A novel percutaneous release of the forefoot was investigated to assess its efficacy in achieving decompression.

Results:

For all cadaveric specimens, continuous pressure monitoring was accomplished with use of a continuous pressure sensor. There were 4 discrete compartment areas that could be reliably pressurized in all feet. The average baseline, pressurized, and post-release pressures (and standard deviations) were 4.5 ± 2.9, 43.8 ± 7.7, and 9.5 ± 3.6 mm Hg, respectively. Percutaneous decompression produced a significant decrease in pressure in all 4 compartments (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

With use of continuous compartment pressure monitoring, 4 consistent areas were established as discrete compartments in the foot. All 4 compartments were pressurized with a standard pump system. With use of 2 small dorsal incisions, all 4 compartments were successfully released, with no injuries identified in the cutaneous nerve branches, extensor tendons, or arteries. These results have strong implications for the future of modeling compartment syndrome as well as for guiding clinical studies.

Clinical Relevance:

A reproducible and accurate method of continuous pressure monitoring of foot compartments after trauma is needed (1) to reliably identify patients who are likely to benefit from compartment release and (2) to help avoid missed or evolving cases of acute compartment syndrome. In addition, a reproducible method for percutaneous compartment release that minimizes collateral structural damage and the need for secondary surgical procedures is needed.
Identification of Potential Biomarkers For The Prognosis, Diagnosis, And Targeted Therapy in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Cheng Fang , Li Qiang , Wang Jinglin , Wang Yumei , Wang Zhendi , Zeng Fang , Zhang Yu
Published: November 2021

Background: Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is the most common renal cell carcinoma types. This work aims to find potential diagnostic biomarkers and explore the biological functions related to the prognosis of KIRC. Method: First, Gene expression profiles of GSE15641, GSE72304, GSE71963, GSE53757, and GSE36895 from GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by the limma package in R software. Next, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed. Then protein-protein interaction (PPI) and hub genes were visualized by Cytoscape with STRING database. Then, we evaluate the predictive potential of hub genes expressions in KIRC with TCGA data. In addition, the relevant biological functions were identified using GSEA. Finally, we examined the differences of hub genes expression between multiple tumor tissues and normal tissues.Results: A total of 141 DEGs (including 99 upregulated and 42 downregulated genes) were identified. GO analysis indicated that DEGs were mainly involved in oxidation-reduction process and response to hypoxia. The KEGG analysis primarily related to PPAR signaling pathway, and HIF-1 signaling pathway. Moreover, the PPI analysis revealed 5 hub genes (AOX1, ALDH6A1, ABAT, HADH, and PCCA). The 5 hub genes were significantly correlated with KIRC progression and might have prognostic significance for KIPC patients. And low expression of the hub genes associated biological pathways were enriched in the NF-KB activation, focal adhesion, and JAK-STAT signaling pathway, respectively. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that AOX1, ALDH6A1, ABAT, HADH, and PCCA can be used as prognostic biomarkers for KIRC.
Post-Treatment of Kennel Wastewater With Different Aeration Strategies
Authors: Souza Aline dos Reis , de Matos Mateus Pimentel , Siniscalchi Luciene Alves Batista , Fia Ronaldo
Published: November 2021

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the introduction of a complementary aerobic treatment composed of a submerged aerated biological filter (SABF) with a secondary clarifier (SC), followed by horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (CWs), after anaerobic units, on the ability to remove pollutants in different aeration phases (Ph1, Ph2, and Ph3) at the effluent treatment station of the Parque Francisco de Assis (PFA) dog shelter. Ph1 and Ph2 had 7 and 5 hours of daily aeration, respectively, and Ph3 had intermittent aeration every 2 hours. The phases were monitored regarding the removal efficiency of organic matter, solids, nutrients (N, P), coliforms, and detection of Giardia and Cryptosporidium. It was found that post-treatment provided greater removal efficiencies and that the aeration strategy of Ph3 showed mean efficiencies of 71% for COD removal and 77% for BOD removal, being similar or statistically higher, even with less biodegradable effluent, than those of Ph1 and Ph2. The SABF and SC removed N by nitrification and denitrification, leaving a total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) concentration in the effluent of 18 mg L−1. The CW showed potential for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND), in addition to solid filtration. The system did not satisfactorily remove thermotolerant coliforms (ThermC) (1 ± 0 log). PCR suggested the presence of the pathogens Giardia and Cryptosporidium in all post-treatment units in Ph1 and Ph2.
Cholinergic deficits selectively boost cortical intratelencephalic control of the striatum in Huntington’s disease
Authors: Surmeier Dalton , Pancani Tristano , Day Michelle , Tkatch Tatiana , Wokosin David , Rodriguez Patricia Gonzalez , Kondapalli Jyothisri , Chen Yu , Beaumont Vahri
Published: November 2021

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease caused by a CAG triplet expansion in the huntingtin gene. Although corticostriatal dysfunction has long been implicated in HD, the determinants and pathway specificity of this pathophysiology remain a matter of speculation. To help fill this gap, the zQ175+/- knockin mouse model of HD was studied using approaches that allowed optogenetic interrogation of intratelencephalic (IT) and pyramidal tract (PT) connections with principal striatal spiny projection neurons (SPNs). These studies revealed that the connectivity of IT, but not PT, neurons with direct and indirect pathway SPNs increased in early symptomatic zQ175+/- HD mice. This enhancement was attributable to reduced inhibitory control of IT terminals by striatal cholinergic interneurons (ChIs). Lowering mutant huntingtin selectively in ChIs with a virally-delivered zinc finger repressor protein normalized striatal acetylcholine release and IT functional connectivity – revealing a novel node in the network underlying corticostriatal pathophysiology in HD.
A novel IL-10 – DEL-1 axis promotes granulopoiesis and sepsis survival in early life
Authors: Vergadi Eleni , Kolliniati Ourania , Lyroni Konstantina , Ieronymaki Eleftheria , Lapi Ioanna , Alexaki Vasileia , Diamantaki Eleni , Vaporidi Katerina , Hatzidaki Eleftheria , Papadaki Helen , Chavakis Triantafyllos , Galanakis Emmanouil , Hajishengallis George , Tsatsanis Christos
Published: November 2021

Newborns’ susceptibility to infection is mainly attributed to decreased neutrophil bone marrow reserves and peripheral blood neutropenia. However, the regulation of neonatal neutrophil kinetics in sepsis remains poorly understood. We demonstrate herein that the developmental endothelial locus (DEL-1) is elevated in early life and is integral to a protective host response in neonates, by supporting emergency granulopoiesis. DEL-1-deficient neonate mouse pups subjected to sepsis displayed diminished bone marrow numbers of neutrophils and granulocyte-macrophage progenitors, leading to neutropenia, exaggerated bacteremia, and increased mortality; defects that were rescued by DEL-1 administration. Contrary to adult mice, DEL-1 was not downregulated upon neonatal sepsis. The sustained production of DEL-1 under newborn sepsis was attributed to a high IL-10/IL-17A ratio, as we IL-10 upregulated DEL-1. The expression of DEL-1 and its effect in emergency granulopoiesis in neonates was diminished by anti-IL-10-Receptor blockage. Consistent with the mouse findings, DEL-1 and neutrophil numbers were higher in septic human adult and neonate patients with high IL-10/IL-17A ratio. Furthermore, septic patients with high DEL-1 exhibited lower mortality rates compared to patients with low DEL-1. These findings highlight the role of a hitherto unappreciated IL-10–DEL-1 axis in supporting emergency granulopoiesis, preventing neutropenia and promoting sepsis survival in early life.
Diagnosis and Classification of Alzheimer's Disease by Using a Convolution Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Al-Adhaileh Mosleh Hmoud
Published: November 2021

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a high-risk and atrophic neurological illness that slowly and gradually destroys brain cells (i.e. neurons). As the most common type of amentia, AD affects 60–65% of all people with amentia and poses major health dangers to middle-aged and elderly people. For classification of AD in the early stage, classification systems and computer-aided diagnostic techniques have been developed. Previously, machine learning approaches were applied to develop diagnostic systems by extracting features from neural images. Currently, deep learning approaches have been used in many real-time medical imaging applications. In this study, two deep neural network techniques, AlexNet and Restnet50, were applied for the classification and recognition of AD. The data used in this study to evaluate and test the proposed model included those from brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images collected from the Kaggle website. A convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm was applied to classify AD efficiently. CNNs were pre-trained using AlexNet and Restnet50 transfer learning models. The results of this experimentation showed that the proposed method is superior to the existing systems in terms of detection accuracy. The AlexNet model achieved outstanding performance based on five evaluation metrics (accuracy, F1 score, precision, sensitivity and specificity) for the brain MRI datasets. AlexNet displayed an accuracy of 94.53%, specificity of 98.21%, F1 score of 94.12% and sensitivity of 100%, outperforming Restnet50. The proposed method can help improve CAD methods for AD in medical investigations.
The “common” experience of voice-hearing and its relationship with shame and guilt: a systematic review
Authors: Volpato Eleonora , Cavalera Cesare , Castelnuovo Gianluca , Molinari Enrico , Pagnini Francesco
Published: November 2021

Background
Despite Auditory Verbal Hallucinations (AVHs) have been long associated with mental illness, they represent a common experience also in the non-clinical population, yet do not exhibit distress or need for care.
Objectives
This paper aims to provide a systematic review of studies that investigated the relationship between auditory hallucinations, shame, and guilt in people without relevant signs of psychiatric issues.
Methods
We searched studies reporting information about voices characteristics, the relationship between voices and hearers, hearer's reactions, and beliefs (1946-2021) and those that explored the differences between “patients” and “non-patients”, paying peculiar attention to shame and guilt issues. Included papers were evaluated for risk of bias.
Results
Eleven studies that explored the relationship between AVHs, shame and guilt, were extracted. Phenomenological, pragmatic, as well as neuropsychological features of hearing voices in non-clinical populations, allowed us to note a dynamic relationship and the constellation of subjective experiences that can occur. The role of guilt was characterized by few studies and mixed results, while shame was mainly common.
Conclusions
Due to the high heterogeneity detected and the scarce sources available, further studies should focus on both the aetiology and the bidirectional relationship between hearing voices, shame, and guilt in non-clinical people. This might favour the development and implication of different treatments considering emotion regulation, distress tolerance and interpersonal sensitivity on the other people.
Pro-Vaccination Attitude and Associated Factors Towards COVID-19 Vaccine among Healthcare Workers and Nonhealthcare Workers: “A Call for Action”-A Systematic Review
Authors: Wake Addisu
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic hasn’t been managed and controlled effectively, globally. The aim of this systematic review was to determine Pro-vaccination attitude and associated factors towards COVID-19 vaccine among healthcare workers (HCWs) and nonhealthcare workers (non-HCWs).Methods: Different databases such as PsycINFO, HINARI, Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, African Journals OnLine, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar for the related articles. Result: The levels of positive attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine among HCWs was ranged from 21% to 95%. Factors significantly associated with the attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine among HCWs were such as age, gender, race, work experience, home location, having no fear of injections, being a non-smoker, profession, presence of chronic illnesses, allergies, confidence in pharmaceutical companies, history of taking influenza vaccine, vaccine recommendation, perceived risk of new vaccines, perceived utility of vaccine, receiving a seasonal flu vaccination in the last 5 years, working in a private hospital, a high perceived pandemic risk index, low vaccine harm index, high pro-socialness index, being in close contact with a high-risk group, knowledge about the virus, confidence in and expectations about personal protective equipment and behaviors. The levels of positive attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine among non-HCWs was ranged from 21.4% to 91.99%. Factors associated with the attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine among non-HCWs were such as age, gender, educational level, occupation, marital status, residency, income, ethnicity, risk for severe course of COVID-19, direct contact with COVID-19 at work, being a health profession, being vaccinated against seasonal flu, perceived benefits, cues to actions, having previous history of vaccination, fear of passing on the disease to relatives, and the year of medical study, studying health-related courses, COVID-19 concern, adherence level to social distancing guidelines, history of chronic disease, being pregnancy, perceived vaccine safety, having more information about vaccine effectiveness, mandatory vaccination, being recommended to be vaccinated, lack of the confidence in the healthcare system to control epidemic, and believe in COVID-19 vaccines protection from COVID-19 infection. Conclusion: The level of positive attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine among both HCWs and non-HCWs were unfavorable and comparable. Globally, there is a need for a call for action to cease the time and crisis of this pandemic.
Mechanisms of chronic alcohol exposure-induced aggressiveness in cellular model of HCC and recovery after alcohol withdrawal
Authors: Marié Constance , Fouquet Gregory , Amrathlal Rabbind Singh , Jankovsky Nicolas , Bouhlal Hicham , Nguyen-Khac Eric , Naassila Mickael , MARCQ Ingrid
Published: November 2021

Alcohol-related liver disease is the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide, accounting for 30% of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases and HCC-specific deaths. However, the knowledge on mechanisms by which alcohol consumption leads to cancer progression and its aggressiveness is limited. Better understanding of the clinical features and the mechanisms of alcohol-induced HCC are of critical importance for prevention and the development of novel treatments.Early stage Huh-7 and advanced SNU449 liver cancer cell lines were subjected to Chronic Alcohol Exposure (CAE), at different doses for 6 months followed by one-month alcohol withdrawal period. ADH activity and ALDH expression were much lower in SNU449 compared with Huh-7 cells and at the 270mM dose, CAE decreased cell viability by about 50% and 80%, respectively in Huh-7 and SNU449 cells but induced mortality only in Huh-7 cells. Thus, Huh-7 may be more vulnerable to ethanol toxicity because of the higher levels of acetaldehyde. CAE induced a dose-dependent increase in cell migration and invasion and also in the expression of Cancer Stem Cells markers (CD133, CD44, CD90). CAE in Huh-7 cells selectively activated ERK1/2 and inhibited GSK3β signaling pathways. Most of the changes induced by CAE were reversed after alcohol withdrawal. Interestingly we confirmed the increase in CD133 mRNA levels in the tumoral tissue of patients with ethanol-related HCC compared to other HCC etiologies.Our results may explain the benefits observed in epidemiological studies showing a significant increase of overall survival in abstinent compared with non-abstinent patients.
A Comprehensive Comparison of Artificial Neural Networks and Some Regression Modeling Techniques on Dominant Height Predictions of Oriental Spruce in a Mixed Forest, the Northeast Turkey
Authors: ERCANLI İlker , Bolat Ferhat , Yavuz Hakkı
Published: November 2021

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Molecular Dynamic Simulations and Binding Free Energy Evaluations of Thiazolo-[2,3-b] Quinazolinone Derivatives With wtEGFR-TKD and "TMLR" Mutant EGFR-TKD
Authors: Mir Showkat , Nayak Binata
Published: November 2021

Cancer causes innumerable deaths every year globally. Breast cancer and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) are the most prevalent worldwide. The epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases play a pivotal role in manifestations of cellular signals in carcinoma cells and thus are endorsed as therapeutic targets in cancer management. EGFR-TKD is a good option for the treatment of cancer, but the resistance shown by first-generation TKIs leads to hyperphosphorylation, overexpression, and mutations of EGFR-TKD. The new molecular scaffolds of thiazolo-[2,3-b] quinazolinones were evaluated against EGFR-TKD via molecular docking simulations and thereby linked with molecular dynamic simulations to identify the ligand stability with EGFR-TKD’s. The binding energy of thiazolo-[2,3-b] quinazolinones is approximately similar to that of reference molecules found against both wild type wtEGFR-TKD and EGFR-TKD mutant "TMLR" (T790M/L858R) in this study. According to ADMET analysis, thiazolo-[2,3-b] quinazolinone derivatives (5ab, 5aq, and 5bq) are safe. The stability was investigated at an atomistic level by molecular dynamic simulations, and the strength of the bindings was calculated by the molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface areas continuum solvation MM-PBSA method. The RMSD, radius of gyration, and SASA trajectories were studied in detail. The ΔGbind generated by heterocyclic 5aq thiazolo-[2,3-b] quinazolinone was found to be -63.723 ± 0.419 kJ/mol against the EGFR-TKD mutant "TMLR" and it was -51.551 ± 0.409 kJ/mol against wtEGFR-TKD. This study concludes that the top ranked complexes 5ab, 5aq, and 5bq with both wild and mutated types of EGFR-TKD corroborate that thiazolo-[2,3-b] quinazolinone derivatives, like the FDA-approved drug erlotinib, may be potent inhibitors of EGFR-TKD for patients with NSCLC.
Thawing rate and heating temperature effects on immunoglobulin A and lysozyme activity in human milk
Authors: Li Xuejing , ongprasert krongporn , Siviroj Penprapa , Ruangsuriya Jetsada , Yousaibua Nitthinan
Published: November 2021

BackgroundThe rate of infants receiving frozen HM is increasing, allowing critically ill preterm infants and infants with working mothers to benefit from the advantages of their mother's milk. The effects of thawing and warming on secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) and lysozyme activity in frozen human milk (HM) should be investigated to identify optimal methods for preserving immune factors in frozen HM.MethodsForty mothers that delivered full-term infants provided milk that was frozen and stored at -18°C two months before analyses. We compared the methods involving placing the container in a 4°C refrigerator overnight (slow thawing, ST) and placing it in a container of warm water (rapid thawing, RT). Additionally, we investigated the effect of warming temperature using room temperature (25°C) and physiological temperature (37°C). SIgA concentrations and lysozyme activities in the milk samples were determined by ELISA kits and fluorometric lysozyme activity assay kits, respectively. Data were analyzed by paired t-tests.ResultsSIgA concentrations and lysozyme activity were reduced by 16.5-52.1% and 16.8-39.3% in frozen HM compared to fresh HM, respectively. Significantly higher SIgA concentrations were maintained with slow thawing and warming at 37°C than with rapid thawing and warming at 25°C (p <0.001). Greater lysozyme activity was retained at 25°C with slow thawing than with rapid thawing (p <0.001) and more was preserved at 25°C than at 37°C with slow thawing (p <0.01).ConclusionsThawing HM overnight in the refrigerator before warming has the potential to preserve SIgA levels and lysozyme activity better than thawing immediately after removal from the freezer. Broader temperatures ranges should be analyzed to determine the temperature that minimizes HM SIgA and lysozyme activity losses.Trial registrationNot applicable
Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine for patients after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (ICWM-PCI): A Prospective Observational Real-World Cohort Study
Authors: YAN Siyu , Yang Wei-Xian , Lu Pei-Pei , Guo Xuan-Tong , Guo Cai-Xia , Su Yan-Ni , Ma Li-Hong
Published: November 2021

Background Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine (ICWM) is widely used in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in China. However, the evidence-based on the long-term prognosis and large sample on this topic are weak. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the correlation between the therapeutic effect of ICWM and the prognosis of patients after PCI.Methods This study is a prospective observational real-world cohort study that was conducted from September 2016 to August 2019 in Fuwai Hospital. The study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. We consecutively screened 6000 patients after PCI and they were followed up for 2 years. ICWM were related to prognostic outcomes using unadjusted (Kaplan-Meier curves) and risk-adjusted (multivariable Cox regression) analyses. The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause death, revascularization, and myocardial infarction.Results A total of 5942 patients after PCI were enrolled in this study, 5453 patients were included in the final analysis (4189[76.8%] were male; mean [SD] age, 61.91[9.91] years). There were 2932 patients (53.8%) in western medicine group (WMG) and 2521 patients (46.2%) in integrated medicine group (IMG). Cox regression analysis showed that IMG had a 27% lower cumulative risk of the major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) than WMG (hazard ratio [HR], 0.73; 95% CI, 0.63-0.85; P＜0.0001), especially in all-cause mortality and revascularization.Conclusions Among patients after PCI, ICWM compared with conventional western medicine was correlated with a lower risk of 2-year MACE. Further research is needed to provide higher levels of evidence.
Unique Combinations of epigenetic modifiers synergistically impair the viability of the U87 glioblastoma cell line while exhibiting minor or moderate effects on normal stem cell growth
Authors: Alexanian Arshak R , Brannon Avonlea
Published: November 2021

Discoveries made over the last decade have shown that critical changes in cancer cells, such as activation of oncogenes and silencing of tumor suppressor genes are caused not only by genetic but also by epigenetic mechanisms. While epigenetic alterations are somatically heritable, in contrast to genetic changes, they are potentially reversible, making them perfect targets for therapeutic intervention. Covalent modifications of chromatin, such as methylation of DNA and acetylation and methylation of histones, are important components of epigenetic machinery. Multiple recent studies have shown that epigenetic modifiers are candidates for potent new drugs in multiple cancers’ therapies, including gliomas, and several clinical trials are ongoing. However, as with other chemotherapeutic drugs, toxicity is one of the main concerns with some of the potent epigenetic drugs. Synergistic combinations of these agents are one approach to overcoming toxicity issues while enhancing efficacy. In this study we demonstrated that while individually BIX01294, an inhibitor of histone methyltransferase G9a, DZNep, an inhibitor of lysine methyltransferase EZH2, and Trichostatin A (TSA), an inhibitor of histone deacetylase at their low concentrations showed a moderate effect on the viability of U87 glioblastoma cells, in combinations they exhibited a synergistic effect. Importantly, these combinations exhibited minimal effect on adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) growth. Thus, unique combinations and concentrations of epigenetic modifiers, that synergistically attenuated the U87 glioblastoma cells while exhibiting minor or moderate effects on normal stem cell growth, have been discovered.
Double-Stranded RNA Dependent Protein Kinase (PKR) Deficiency Protects the Liver Against Ischemia/reperfusion Injury
Authors: Tang Da , Jiang Youxiang , Tang Yiting , Qiu Xianhui , Cheng Xiaoye , Li Wenbo , Cai Wenwu , Li Daming , Billiar Timothy R , Lu Ben
Published: November 2021

Background: Interruption of hepatic blood inflow to reduce intraoperative blood loss during liver surgery such as elective liver surgical procedures and organ transplantation causes hepatic ischemia and subsequent reperfusion that leads to liver damage and dysfunction. Double-stranded RNA dependent protein kinase (PKR) is an important regulator of immune responses in the settings of infection and tissue injury. However, little is known about the function of PKR in liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods: Wild-type (WT) and PKR knockout (PKR-/-) mice were subjected to partial (70%) hepatic I/R injury. In another set of experiments, mice were pretreated intraperitoneally with C16, a specific PKR inhibitor, or fludarabine, a specific inhibitor of STAT1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 1), then subjected to I/R in-vivo. In-vitro investigations were conducted by subjecting primary mouse hepatocytes with hypoxia. The role of PKR in I/R-induced liver injury and the potential underlying molecular mechanisms were clarified through biological and phenotypic analyses. Results: Liver PKR protein levels were increased during the ischemic and reperfusion stages in both the mouse liver I/R model and the livers of humans who were subjected to liver resection. PKR inactivation by genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition exhibited less liver damage than their respective control. PKR deficiency was also associated with lower levels of inflammatory cytokines and less apoptotic cell death. Mechanistically, STAT1 signaling was inhibited in livers of PKR-/- mice but was activated in WT mice. Most importantly, WT mice treated with STAT1 specific inhibitor fludarabine were protected from hepatic I/R injury. PKR also regulated the release of HMGB1 in hepatic I/R injury.Conclusions: Our novel findings document PKR is a modulator in I/R-induced liver damage. Inhibition of PKR by using the specific inhibitor, C16, may represent a promising therapeutic target for the management of I/R injury-related diseases.
Flexible and Transparent Pressure Sensor Based on CNTs Film Microstructure
Authors: Liu Liangliang , Yan Xin
Published: November 2021

In recent years, capacitive flexible pressure sensors have been widely studied in electronic skin and wearable devices. The traditional capacitive pressure sensor has a higher production cost due to micro-nano machining technology such as lithography. This paper presents a flexible transparent capacitive pressure sensor based on a PDMS/CNT composite electrode, simple, transparent, flexible, and arrays without lithography. The sensitivity of the device has been tested to 0.0018 kpa -1 with a detection range of 0-30 kPa. The sensor is capable of rapidly detecting different pressures and remains stable after 100 load-unload tests.
Systemic Inflammation with Sarcopenia Predict Survival in Patients with Gastric
Authors: Liu Yuying , Ruan Guotian , Ge Yizhong , Li Qinqin , Zhang Qi , Zhang Xi , Tang Meng , Song Mengmeng , Zhang Xiaowei , Li Xiangrui , Zhang Kangping , Yang Ming , Hu Chunlei , Liu Tong , Xie Hailun , Liu Xiaoyue , Lin Shiqi , Weng Min , Yao Qinghua , Wang Zhengping , Cong Minghua , Shi Hanping
Published: November 2021

Objective: The levels of platelet-related inflammation indicators and sarcopenia have been reported to affect the survival of patients with cancer. To evaluate the prognostic influence of platelet count (PLT), platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune inflammation index (SII), and SII combined with sarcopenia on the survival of patients with gastric cancer (GC).Methods: A total of 1131 patients with GC (811 men and 320 women, average age: 59.45 years) were evaluated. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine the best cut-off values of PLT, PLR, and SII, and univariate and multivariate Cox risk regression models were used to evaluate whether SII is an independent predictor of overall survival (OS). The prognostic SS (SII-sarcopenia) was established based on SII and sarcopenia. Finally, a comprehensive analysis of the prognostic SS was performed. Results: SII had the strongest prognostic effect. The SII and OS of patients with GC were in an inverted U-shape (adjusted HR = 1.06; 95% CI: 0.95-1.18; adjusted P = 0.271). In patients with SII >1800, SII was negatively correlated with OS (adjusted HR = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.29-1.12; adjusted P = 0.102), however, there is no statistical difference. Interestingly, a high SS was associated with a poorer prognosis. The higher the SS score, the worse the OS (P<0.001).Conclusion: SII is an independent prognostic indicator of GC, and high SII is related to poor prognosis. A Higher SS score had worse survival. Thus, the prognostic SS is a reliable predictor of OS in patients with GC.
A Reference Map of Microbiome Composition in Crop Production Across 8 Chinese Provinces
Authors: Hu Haiyang , Liu Yunli , Xu Zhaoyong , Huang Yiqun , Tang Hongzhi
Published: November 2021

Background: Although microbiome profiling of crop leaves is a relatively new research area, we know that leaf microorganism communities affect the leaf chemical composition, promote growth, and confer protection against deleterious microbes.Results: Here, we used 16S rDNA sequencing to profile the microbiomes of 78 primary dried tobacco leaf samples from plants grown at 26 locations in 8 Chinese provinces. After analyzing leaf microbial communities and identifying 4,473 operational taxonomic units (OTU) representing 1,234 species, we obtained a national core microbiome with 14 OTU representing 9 species, with functions for processes including nitrogen fixation, detoxification of diverse pollutants, and heavy-metal reduction. Although there are no obvious impacts from single environmental factors (e.g., temperature, precipitation), there are significant differences in microbial community structures among provinces and clear clustering by region. Finally, LEfSe analysis screened the significantly different species between different sampling locations.Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that both climactic and industrial factors drive microbial diversity on crop plant leaves, and many potentially useful functional bacterial resources present on tobacco leaves are still waiting for harnessing for a variety of bioprocess, agricultural, and environmental detoxification applications.
Acupoint Autohemotherapy Attenuates DNCB-induced Atopic Dermatitis Lesions by Regulating Th1/Th2 Cytokine Balance in BALB/c Mice
Authors: Zeng Zhiwen , Huang Jinquan , Chen Yong , Yu Xiao , Zhu Wei , Zhang Dongshu
Published: November 2021

Objective

Acupoint autohemotherapy (A-AHT) is considered an effective therapy for atopic dermatitis (AD) with few side-effects. Previous experiments showed the treatment had the potential to regulate T helper (Th) 1 and Th2 cytokines, like interferon (IFN)- gamma and interleukin (IL)- 4. This study focuses on the effects of A-AHT on the AD-like skin lesions through regulating Th1/Th2 immune responses.
Methods

The treatments of A-AHT, sham acupoint autohemotherapy and acupoint injection of normal saline were administered in the AD mice once every other day for 4 weeks. The total immunoglobulin (Ig) E, IL-4 and IFN-γ cytokine levels in the serum were examined after animal sacrifice. Th1/Th2 expression was analyzed in murine spleen cells via flow cytometry and immunohistochemical analysis of GATA-3 and T-bet in skin lesions were further assessed.
Results

Either type of repeated autologous whole blood (AWB) injection (into acupoint or sham acupoint) reduced the severity of AD-like symptoms and level of serum IgE. All of the three treatments had the similar inhibitory effect on levels of IL-4 and upregulation on the ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4, while differed on Th1/Th2 ratio as A-AHT regulates the body’s Th1/Th2 shift. This treatment also increased the related transcription factors T-bet expression, and upregulated T-bet/GATA3 ratio compared with the DNCB group. These differences were significant only in A-AHT group.
Conclusion

A-AHT effectively reduces AD symptoms and serum IgE levels in a mouse model and may act by regulating Th1/Th2 immune responses.