bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Operation Mode and Creation of Film Media Based on the Internet Logic under the Field Theory
Authors: Shen Zhe
Published: October 2022

With the development of information technology and new media technology, the Internet has had a profound impact on the development of the film and television industry. Mainstream media, new media, Internet companies, cultural media companies, etc. are all eager to try, and the forces from the state, capital, media, and users are intertwined. The film and television field is the behavioral practice field of various stakeholders. Capital stimulates the industrial functions of the film and television industry from the perspective of commercial interests. The interests of users are being redefined in the context of the Internet, and the film and television industry actively promotes the creative process from its own interests. In order to analyze the influence and motivation of the Internet on the operation mode and creation research of the film and television media industry, this paper relied on Bourdieu’s field theory to explore the forces and interests that promote the development of the film and television media industry from different aspects. This provided development suggestions for the construction of a new pattern combining the Internet and film media. The integration of film and television and the Internet has become the new normal in the film and television industry. At present, people’s online entertainment time at home has increased significantly, which has led to a rapid increase in the number of movie viewers. The introduction of Internet technology into the film industry media operation model can improve the operation efficiency of enterprises by 6.5%.
Experimental Analysis of Geopolymer Concrete: A Sustainable and Economic Concrete Using the Cost Estimation Model
Authors: Verma Manvendra , Upreti Kamal , Vats Prashant , Singh Sandeep , Singh Prashant , Dev Nirendra , Kumar Mishra Durgesh , Tiwari Basant
Published: October 2022

Geopolymer concrete is sustainable, economical, eco-friendly, durable, and high-strength concrete. Geopolymer is a name for the bonding that occurs during the binding of materials in alkaline conditions. Due to the presence of high silica and alumina content, pozzolanic materials could be used as binding materials in the GPC. This research aims to check the sustainability and cost analysis of both GPC and conventional concrete with their physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. The experimental investigation analyzes both GPC and OPC concrete’s physical, chemical, and mechanical properties for the M30 mix design and analyzes the concrete’s cost and sustainability. The experimental investigation shows that the setting time, density, and drying shrinkage of conventional concrete are higher than the GPC. The compressive strength of the GPC and OPC concretes both showed similar trends at the 28-day strength, but the initial three-day strength of the GPC concrete was much higher than the OPC concrete. The splitting tensile strength and flexural strength of the GPC specimens are slightly higher than the OPC concrete mix specimens. The OPC concrete’s elastic modulus is slightly higher than the GPC mix design, whereas the Poisson’s ratio of the OPC concrete is slightly lower than the GPC specimens. The GPC specimens have higher thermal stability up to 800°C. The GPC utilizes industrial solid waste like fly ash and slag as a binding material and is activated by an alkaline solution containing NaOH and Na2SiO3 in the design mix. Therefore, the GPC has less embodied energy compared to the OPC concrete. The cost of the GPC at a bulk level reduced the cost of up to 40% of the OPC concrete.
Photovoltaic Power Generation Forecasting Using a Novel Hybrid Intelligent Model in Smart Grid
Authors: Boum Alexandre Teplaira , Foba Kakeu Vinny Junior , Mbey Camille Franklin , Yem Souhe Felix Ghislain
Published: October 2022

The exponential growth of electrical demand and the integration of renewable energy sources (RES) brought new challenges in the traditional grid about energy quality. The transition from traditional grid to smart grid is the best solution which provides necessary tools and information and communication technologies (ICT) for service enhancement. In this study, variation of energy demand and some factors of atmospheric change are considered to forecast production of photovoltaic energy that can be adapted for evolution of consumption in smart grid. The contribution of this study concerns a novel optimized hybrid intelligent model made of the artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machine (SVM), and particle swarm optimization (PSO) implemented for long term photovoltaic (PV) power generation forecasting based on real data of consumption and climate factors of the city of Douala in Cameroon. The accuracy of this model is evaluated using the coefficients such as the mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), mean absolute error (MAE), and regression coefficient (R). Using this novel hybrid technique, the MSE, RMSE, MAPE, MAE, and R are 14.9721, 3.8693, 3.32%, 0.867, and 0.9984, respectively. These obtained results show that the novel hybrid model outperforms other models in the literature and can be helpful for future renewable energy requirements. However, the convergence speed of the proposed approach can be affected due to the random variability of available data.
Kiwifruit and Kiwifruit Extracts for Treatment of Constipation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Eltorki Mohamed , Leong Russell , Ratcliffe Elyanne M.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. This systematic review aimed to summarize evidence to determine the effectiveness of kiwifruit or kiwifruit extracts in the treatment of constipation. Methods. Electronic databases were searched from inception to May 2022 without any age or language limitations. Eligible studies enrolled participants with constipation who were randomized to receive kiwifruit or kiwifruit extracts vs. any nonkiwifruit control. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and mean difference (MD) with confidence intervals (CI) were determined for the following outcomes: frequency of spontaneous bowel movements (SBM), abdominal pain and straining, as well as stool type as determined by the Bristol Stool Scale (BSS). The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach was used to rate the certainty of evidence. Our review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021239397). Results. Seven RCTs, including 399 participants (82% female; mean age: 42 years (SD 14.6)), were included. Compared with placebo (n = 95), kiwifruit extracts might increase the weekly frequency of SBM (MD: 1.36; 95% CI: −0.44, 3.16) with low certainty of evidence; moreover, it had an uncertain effect on BSS (SMD: 1.54; 95% CI: −1.33, 4.41) with very low certainty of evidence. Additionally, compared with placebo (n = 119), kiwifruit or its extracts reduced abdominal pain (SMD: −1.44, 95% CI −2.83, −1.66) with moderate certainty of the evidence and improved frequency of straining (SMD: −0.29; 95% CI: −1.03, 0.47). Compared with psyllium, kiwifruit may increase the weekly frequency of SBM (MD: 1.01; 95% CI: −0.02, 2.04) with moderate certainty evidence, and may increase the value on the BSS (indicating softer stools) (MD: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.01, 1.25)with low certainty of evidence. Compared to placebo, kiwifruit-encapsulated extracts may result in an increase in minor adverse events (relative risk: 4.58; 95% CI: 0.79, 26.4). Conclusions. Among individuals with constipation, there is an overall low certainty of evidence indicating that kiwifruit may increase SBM when compared to placebo or psyllium. Although overall results are promising, establishing the role of kiwifruit in constipation requires large, methodologically rigorous trials. Protocol Registration: PROSPERO registration number CRD42021239397.
Big Data Analysis Application in News Service Mode Based on Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Li Jie , Wu Qiuli
Published: October 2022

Due to the development and popularization of technologies such as the Internet, traditional forms of media have been greatly affected. Therefore, the way people receive news has also undergone certain changes. Due to the dramatic increase in the amount of information data and the variety of sources that are very rich, the complexity of the rational use of data information is also increasing. In order to improve the speed and accuracy of text classification, for the problems of classification efficiency and classification accuracy, this study adopts a large-scale text classification method based on genetic algorithm optimization. After designing the experimental analysis, the optimized genetic algorithm can be used to classify effectively, thus providing a new processing idea and method for the news application in the context of big data. First, we analyze and review excellent data work at home and abroad, emphatically analyze the impact of new news models on traditional news production, and propose that in the current news service model, big data can be combined to realize informatization applications. To predict information in the context of current data results, the application and sharing of data information can be realized by designing an open-source news database. The finished design of the media database can be used as the basis for the development of self-news and can take the lead in the news competition. This work analyzes and studies big data technology and genetic algorithms and introduces them into the field of news service model design, thus promoting the development of new news models.
MHA-Net: A Multibranch Hybrid Attention Network for Medical Image Segmentation
Authors: Zhang Meifang , Sun Qi , Cai Fanggang , Yang Changcai
Published: October 2022

The robust segmentation of organs from the medical image is the key technique in medical image analysis for disease diagnosis. U-Net is a robust structure for medical image segmentation. However, U-Net adopts consecutive downsampling encoders to capture multiscale features, resulting in the loss of contextual information and insufficient recovery of high-level semantic features. In this paper, we present a new multibranch hybrid attention network (MHA-Net) to capture more contextual information and high-level semantic features. The main idea of our proposed MHA-Net is to use the multibranch hybrid attention feature decoder to recover more high-level semantic features. The lightweight pyramid split attention (PSA) module is used to connect the encoder and decoder subnetwork to obtain a richer multiscale feature map. We compare the proposed MHA-Net to state-of-art approaches on the DRIVE dataset, the fluoroscopic roentgenographic stereophotogrammetric analysis X-ray dataset, and the polyp dataset. The experimental results on different modal images reveal that our proposed MHA-Net provides better segmentation results than other segmentation approaches.
Posterior Injured Vertebra Column Resection and Spinal Shortening for Thoracolumbar Fracture Associated with Severe Spinal Cord Injury: A Retrospective Case-Control Observational Study
Authors: Shi Zhiyue , Wang Yingsong , Xie Jingming , Zhou Jin , Zhu Tingbiao , Li Tao , Zhao Zhi , Zhang Ying , Bi Ni , Li Quan
Published: October 2022

Background. Thoracolumbar spinal fracture associated with severe spinal cord injury (sSCI) is a kind of severe traumatic spine injury. Although various approaches are currently used to treat sSCI-related thoracolumbar fractures, the neurological function of patients has not been significantly improved by surgery. Objective. To evaluate the therapeutic effects of the new procedure of posterior injured vertebra column resection (PIVCR) and spinal shortening for the treatment of thoracolumbar fracture associated with sSCI. Methods. In this retrospective case-control observational study, we included 66 patients with thoracolumbar fractures associated with sSCI in our institution from January 2015 to December 2017. According to the different surgical approaches, the patients were allocated to group A (n = 32, received simple posterior decompression and fixation) and group B (n = 34, received PIVCR and spinal shortening). All patients’ clinical and radiologic outcomes were collected to evaluate retrospectively. The clinical outcomes were gathered, including the intraoperative blood loss, operative time, visual analog scale (VAS) score, and American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale. The radiologic outcomes were collected involving the range of spinal shortening, canal encroachment, heights of the anterior edge of the vertebral body, and the Cobb angle. Results. There was no significant difference in the two groups regarding preoperative demographic data, VAS scores, segmental kyphosis Cobb, canal encroachment, and neurological status. The range of spinal shortening in group B was an average 1.57 ± 0.40 cm and 36.45 ± 6.56% of the height of the single spinal motion segment. Due to the characteristics of the surgical procedure, group B got complete decompression of the spinal cord and better postoperative canal decompression than group A. Thus, better clinical outcomes, including neurological improvement, loss of corrective Cobb angle, and VAS improvement, were shown in group B at the follow-up investigation than those in group A (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. PIVCR and spinal shortening surgical procedure is a safe, reliable, and effective approach to treating thoracolumbar fracture associated with sSCI.
Tuberculosis Detection in Chest Radiographs Using Spotted Hyena Algorithm Optimized Deep and Handcrafted Features
Authors: Kadry Seifedine , Srivastava Gautam , Rajinikanth Venkatesan , Rho Seungmin , Kim Yongsung
Published: October 2022

Lung abnormality in humans is steadily increasing due to various causes, and early recognition and treatment are extensively suggested. Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the lung diseases, and due to its occurrence rate and harshness, the World Health Organization (WHO) lists TB among the top ten diseases which lead to death. The clinical level detection of TB is usually performed using bio-medical imaging methods, and a chest X-ray is a commonly adopted imaging modality. This work aims to develop an automated procedure to detect TB from X-ray images using VGG-UNet-supported joint segmentation and classification. The various phases of the proposed scheme involved; (i) image collection and resizing, (ii) deep-features mining, (iii) segmentation of lung section, (iv) local-binary-pattern (LBP) generation and feature extraction, (v) optimal feature selection using spotted hyena algorithm (SHA), (vi) serial feature concatenation, and (vii) classification and validation. This research considered 3000 test images (1500 healthy and 1500 TB class) for the assessment, and the proposed experiment is implemented using Matlab®. This work implements the pretrained models to detect TB in X-rays with improved accuracy, and this research helped achieve a classification accuracy of >99% with a fine-tree classifier.
Endothelial RBPJ Is Essential for the Education of Tumor-Associated Macrophages
Authors: Alsina-Sanchis Elisenda , Mülfarth Ronja , Moll Iris , Böhn Sarah , Wiedmann Lena , Jordana-Urriza Lorea , Ziegelbauer Tara , Zimmer Eleni , Taylor Jacqueline , De Angelis Rigotti Francesca , Stögbauer Adrian , Giaimo Benedetto Daniele , Cerwenka Adelheid , Borggrefe Tilman , Fischer Andreas , Rodriguez-Vita Juan
Published: October 2022

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is one of the most lethal gynecologic cancers worldwide. EOC cells educate tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) through CD44-mediated cholesterol depletion to generate an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). In addition, tumor cells frequently activate Notch1 receptors on endothelial cells (EC) to facilitate metastasis. However, further work is required to establish whether the endothelium also influences the education of recruited monocytes. Here, we report that canonical Notch signaling through RBPJ in ECs is an important player in the education of TAMs and EOC progression. Deletion of Rbpj in the endothelium of adult mice reduced infiltration of monocyte-derived macrophages into the TME of EOC and prevented the acquisition of a typical TAM gene signature; this was associated with stronger cytotoxic activity of T cells and decreased tumor burden. Mechanistically, CXCL2 was identified as a novel Notch/RBPJ target gene that regulated the expression of CD44 on monocytes and subsequent cholesterol depletion of TAMs. Bioinformatic analysis of ovarian cancer patient data showed that increased CXCL2 expression is accompanied by higher expression of CD44 and TAM education. Together, these findings indicate that EOC cells induce the tumor endothelium to secrete CXCL2 to establish an immunosuppressive microenvironment.

Significance:

Endothelial Notch signaling favors immunosuppression by increasing CXCL2 secretion to stimulate CD44 expression in macrophages, facilitating their education by tumor cells.
Therapy-related Myeloid Neoplasms Following PARP Inhibitors: Real-life Experience
Authors: Marmouset Vincent , Decroocq Justine , Garciaz Sylvain , Etienne Gabriel , Belhabri Amine , Bertoli Sarah , Gastaud Lauris , Simand Célestine , Chantepie Sylvain , Uzunov Madalina , Genthon Alexis , Berthon Céline , Chiche Edmond , Dumas Pierre-Yves , Vargaftig Jacques , Salmeron Géraldine , Lemasle Emilie , Tavernier Emmanuelle , Delage Jérémy , Loirat Marion , Morineau Nadine , Blanc-Durand Félix , Pautier Patricia , Vergé Véronique , Auger Nathalie , Thomas Myrtille , Stefani Laetitia , Lepelley Marion , Boyer Thomas , Thepot Sylvain , Gourin Marie-Pierre , Bourquard Pascal , Duchmann Matthieu , Morice Pierre-Marie , Michallet Mauricette , Adès Lionel , Fenaux Pierre , Récher Christian , Dombret Hervé , Pagès Arnaud , Marzac Christophe , Leary Alexandra , Micol Jean-Baptiste ,   on behalf of UNIHEM, French Network of Pharmacovigilance Centers, ALFA, FILO, and GFM
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

To provide insights into the diagnosis and management of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) following PARP inhibitors (PARPi).

Experimental Design:

In a French cancer center, we identified and described the profiles of 13 t-MN diagnosed among 37 patients with ovarian cancer referred to hematology consultation for cytopenia under PARPi. Next, we described these 13 t-MN post-PARPi among 37 t-MN post ovarian cancer according to PARPi exposure. Finally, we described 69 t-MN post-PARPi in a national cohort.

Results:

From 2016 to 2021, cumulative incidence of t-MN was 3.5% (13/373) among patients with ovarian cancer treated with PARPi. At time of hematologic consultation, patients with t-MN had a longer PARPi exposure (9 vs. 3 months, P = 0.01), lower platelet count (74 vs. 173 G/L, P = 0.0005), and more cytopenias (2 vs. 1, P = 0.0005). Compared with t-MN not exposed to PARPi, patients with t-MN-PARPi had more BRCA1/2 germline mutation (61.5% vs. 0%, P = 0.03) but similar overall survival (OS). In the national cohort, most t-MN post-PARPi had a complex karyotype (61%) associated with a high rate of TP53 mutation (71%). Median OS was 9.6 months (interquartile range, 4–14.6). In multivariate analysis, a longer time between end of PARPi and t-MN (HR, 1.046; P = 0.02), olaparib compared with other PARPi (HR, 5.82; P = 0.003) and acute myeloid leukemia (HR, 2.485; P = 0.01) were associated with shorter OS.

Conclusions:

In a large series, we described a high incidence of t-MN post-PARPi associated with unfavorable cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities leading to poor OS. Early detection is crucial, particularly in cases of delayed cytopenia.
Joint High Level of Oxidized Low‐Density Lipoprotein and High‐Sensitivity C‐Reactive Protein are Associated With Recurrent Stroke and Poor Functional Outcome in Minor Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack
Authors: Xu Qin , Wu Qiong , Li Hao , Tian Xue , Zuo Yingting , Zhang Yijun , Zhang Xiaoli , Lin Yongzhong , Wu Yiping , Wang Yongjun , Wang Anxin , Meng Xia
Published: October 2022

Background

Oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and hs‐CRP (high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein) plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases though inflammation and oxidative stress, etc. However, evidence on their combined effects on stroke prognosis is still limited. We aimed to explore the joint association of oxLDL and hs‐CRP with outcomes of minor stroke or transient ischemic attack.

Methods and Results

A subgroup of 3019 patients from the CHANCE trial (Clopidogrel in High‐Risk Patients With Acute Nondisabling Cerebrovascular Events) were analyzed. Baseline oxLDL and hs‐CRP levels were measured. The primary outcome was any stroke within 90 days. The secondary outcomes included any stroke within 1 year, and ischemic stroke, combined vascular events, and poor functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale 2–6 or 3–6) at 90 days and 1 year. Vascular events outcomes were analyzed with Cox proportional hazards and poor functional outcomes with logistic models. Elevated oxLDL (>28.81 μg/dL) and hs‐CRP (>4.20 mg/L) was observed in 624 (20.67%) of the 3019 patients. Patients with oxLDL >28.81 μg/dL and hs‐CRP >4.20 mg/L had a higher risk of recurrent stroke within 90 days (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.17–1.97), compared with those with oxLDL ≤28.81 μg/dL and hs‐CRP ≤4.20 mg/L, after adjusting relevant confounding factors (
P
=0.002). Similar results were observed for secondary outcomes (
P
<0.05 for all).

Conclusions

In patients with minor stroke or transient ischemic attack, joint high levels of oxLDL and hs‐CRP was associated with increased risk of recurrent stroke, combined vascular events, and poor functional outcome.
Marking Segulah in the Illuminated Bibles of Jewish Iberia
Authors: Harris Julie A.
Published: October 2022

The power ascribed to the Bible codex was expressed by the word Segulah, which in biblical Hebrew translates as “treasured possession.” In the later Middle Ages, however, this word is better translated as “remedy” or “occult virtue,” reflecting an infusion of medical and magical concepts which can be seen to align with ideas present in writings about Torah study by Profiat Duran (Ma’aseh Efod, 1403). This article finds visual evidence for a multi-faceted understanding of Segulah in the Seder marks which were added to the thirteenth-century Iberian Bible known as the Damascus Keter (JNUL 4 790).
Recreating Victory: Liturgy, Crusade Propaganda, and Simulacrum in Milan, CE 1100
Authors: Shagrir Iris
Published: October 2022

A feast commemorating the conquest of Jerusalem was celebrated in Milan, on 15 July 1100. On that day, an existing Milanese church was rededicated as the “Church of the Holy Sepulchre.” The elaborate ceremony included a procession, an octave, and a pilgrims’ indulgence, along with crusade propaganda. It was perhaps the earliest one celebrated in Western Europe in the wake of the Jerusalem conquest of 15 July 1099, added to the liturgical calendar of Milan. The event was carefully orchestrated by Anselm of Buis, the archbishop of Milan – a supporter of the church reform movement and close ally of Pope Urban II. The feast was attended by the local community, among them First Crusaders returning from Jerusalem. This article focuses on the innovative nature of the Milanese feast, its liturgy and possible link with the celebration in Jerusalem a year earlier. It also considers the triumphal recreation of Jerusalem in Lombardy within the western tradition of imitations of Jerusalem.
Seemings and the Response to Radical Skepticism
Authors: Lemos Noah
Published: October 2022

I begin by making some brief remarks about commonsense particularism. Commonsense particularists hold that we know pretty much what we think we know and hold that some of these beliefs are more reasonable than competing skeptical principles. However, commonsense philosophers often differ about what justifies these particular beliefs. Michael Bergmann holds that that our commonsense epistemic beliefs depend for their justification on epistemic intuitions or epistemic seemings. After a brief description of his views, I raise some questions about the nature and epistemic role of these epistemic seemings.
Love and the Brethren of Purity: A Comparative Study of Human Intimacy in Islamic Philosophy
Authors: Toosi Javad Fakhkhar , Virani Shafique N.
Published: October 2022

This article is a study of the Brethren of Purity’s thirty-seventh epistle, The Essence of Love. It compares this work with the treatises on love written by the Muslim philosophers Ibn Sīnā, Suhrawardī, and Mullā Ṣadrā, the leading representatives of the Peripatetic, Illuminationist, and Transcendental schools of Islamic philosophy, respectively. A fundamental distinction of the Brethren’s approach is their positive impression of love between human beings, including its romantic and conjugal components. Such love is not entirely under human control; the celestial spheres also exercise their influence. The Brethren contend that society and civilization prosper because of love. Unlike several others, they are intent on reconciling divine or “real” love with love between individuals. While the Brethren praise the benefits of romantic love and conjugal relations, Ibn Sīnā judges them harmful, and Suhrawardī a distraction. Mullā Ṣadrā, though, takes an intermediate position, influenced by both the Brethren and Ibn Sīnā.
Music, Prayer, and “Something Understood”
Authors: Peralta Camilo
Published: October 2022

During the Middle Ages, Christian theologians developed various means for addressing God’s ineffable, or indescribable, nature. One could, for instance, employ apophatic or “negative” theology, or use music and prayer as metaphors for the harmony of the universe and our relationship with Him. This paper examines the use of these and other approaches to the ineffable by the French indiciare Jean Molinet and the English poet George Herbert. Despite being written hundreds of years apart and in different languages, Molinet’s Chroniques (1474–1504) and Herbert’s “Prayer (I)” (1633) both rely on a series of impressionistic metaphors to convey something of the ineffability of their respective subjects (music and prayer). In their efforts to describe that which is difficult, if not impossible, to capture in words, both turn to the long tradition of Christian mysticism, and in particular the works of Pseudo-Dionysius and Boethius.
Dark Caravaggism
Authors: Ch’ien Letha
Published: October 2022

Many of Caravaggio’s late istoria altarpieces differ from what is commonly called Caravaggism (the artist’s pictorial mode during his Roman period) strongly enough that together the paintings form a distinctive approach to istoria that requires its own term: Dark Caravaggism. This paper identifies and analyzes this second Caravaggism, a pictorial mode as innovative as the first, but one that has been neglected in the literature. In the Resurrection of Lazarus, Burial of St. Lucy, and other works including the Death of the Virgin and Beheading of St. John, Caravaggio extends narrative moments in even muted palettes, stilled movement, and cavernous spaces. These paintings command the viewer’s attention by employing the eye’s physiological process of dark adaption in which the eye adjusts over time to dim light conditions. Eschewing Early Caravaggism’s instantaneity and fragmented tenebrism, Dark Caravaggism asks the viewer for quiet meditation rather than frantic search. If not for the artist’s untimely death at age 38, late Caravaggism likely would have produced a second revolution in European painting on par with the first.
Chlorophytum sikkimense (Agavoideae; Asparagaceae): a new species from Sikkim Himalaya
Authors: RAI PRAMOD
Published: October 2022

A new species of Chlorophytum is described from Sikkim. The new species is distinct from other closely related species (C. assamicum and C. breviscapum) by its scape with sterile bracts, pedicel articulation above middle, longitudinal anther dehiscence and white ovary. It grows in similar habitat as aforementioned species i.e., floor of tropical mixed deciduous forest at an elevation of 600–700 m and currently known only from Sirisay forest of Sikkim Himalaya. Detailed description and color plates of the new species are provided.
Oficanthon Paulian, 1985, a junior synonym of Lepanus Balthasar, 1966 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae), with redescription of Lepanus mirabilis (Paulian, 1985)
Authors: GUNTER NICOLE L. , SAXTON NATALIE A. , WEIR THOMAS A.
Published: October 2022

The monotypic genus Oficanthon Paulian, 1985 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) is treated as a junior synonym of the genus Lepanus Balthasar, 1966, and L. mirabilis (Paulian, 1985), new combination is proposed for Oficanthon mirabilis Paulian, 1985. Both morphological and molecular evidence support this synonymy. Morphological evidence further supports its placement within the Lepanus ustulatus species group. Lepanus mirabilis is redescribed.
A new genus and new species of Neotropical Cerambycinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)
Authors: BEZARK LARRY G. , SANTOS-SILVA ANTONIO
Published: October 2022

One new genus and three species are described and illustrated: Sulcogracilia mexicana new genus and species from Nuevo León, Mexico (Graciliini); Methia nigra sp. nov. from Quetzaltenango, Guatemala (Methiini) and Euderces lineatus from the State of Mexico, in Mexico (Tillomorphini). The new species of Euderces is included in a previous key.
On Variability due to Local Minima and K-Fold Cross Validation
Authors: Marzban Caren , Liu Jueyi , Tissot Philippe
Published: October 2022

Resampling methods such as cross validation or bootstrap are often employed to estimate the uncertainty in a loss function due to sampling variability, usually for the purpose of model selection. In models that require nonlinear optimization, however, the existence of local minima in the loss function landscape introduces an additional source of variability that is confounded with sampling variability. In other words, some portion of the variability in the loss function across different resamples is due to local minima. Given that statistically sound model selection is based on an examination of variance, it is important to disentangle these two sources of variability. To that end, a methodology is developed for estimating each, specifically in the context of K-fold cross validation, and neural networks (NN) whose training leads to different local minima. Random effects models are used to estimate the two variance components—that due to sampling and that due to local minima. The results are examined as a function of the number of hidden nodes, and the variance of the initial weights, with the latter controlling the “depth” of local minima. The main goal of the methodology is to increase statistical power in model selection and/or model comparison. Using both simulated and realistic data, it is shown that the two sources of variability can be comparable, casting doubt on model selection methods that ignore the variability due to local minima. Furthermore, the methodology is sufficiently flexible so as to allow assessment of the effect of other/any NN parameters on variability.
Downscaling of Historical Wind Fields over Switzerland Using Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Miralles Ophélia , Steinfeld Daniel , Martius Olivia , Davison Anthony C.
Published: October 2022

Near-surface wind is difficult to estimate using global numerical weather and climate models, because airflow is strongly modified by underlying topography, especially that of a country such as Switzerland. In this article, we use a statistical approach based on deep learning and a high-resolution digital elevation model to spatially downscale hourly near-surface wind fields at coarse resolution from ERA5 reanalysis from their original 25-km grid to a 1.1-km grid. A 1.1-km-resolution wind dataset for 2016–20 from the operational numerical weather prediction model COSMO-1 of the national weather service MeteoSwiss is used to train and validate our model, a generative adversarial network (GAN) with gradient penalized Wasserstein loss aided by transfer learning. The results are realistic-looking high-resolution historical maps of gridded hourly wind fields over Switzerland and very good and robust predictions of the aggregated wind speed distribution. Regionally averaged image-specific metrics show a clear improvement in prediction relative to ERA5, with skill measures generally better for locations over the flatter Swiss Plateau than for Alpine regions. The downscaled wind fields demonstrate higher-resolution, physically plausible orographic effects, such as ridge acceleration and sheltering, that are not resolved in the original ERA5 fields.

Significance Statement

Statistical downscaling, which increases the resolution of atmospheric fields, is widely used to refine the outputs of global reanalysis and climate models, most commonly for temperature and precipitation. Near-surface winds are strongly modified by the underlying topography, generating local flow conditions that can be very difficult to estimate. This study develops a deep learning model that uses local topographic information to spatially downscale hourly near-surface winds from their original 25-km resolution to a 1.1-km grid over Switzerland. Our model produces realistic high-resolution gridded wind fields with expected orographic effects but performs better in flatter regions than in mountains. These downscaled fields are useful for impact assessment and decision-making in regions where global reanalysis data at coarse resolution may be the only products available.
The February 2021 Cold Air Outbreak in the United States: A Subseasonal Forecast of Opportunity
Authors: Albers John R. , Newman Matthew , Hoell Andrew , Breeden Melissa L. , Wang Yan , Lou Jiale
Published: October 2022

The sources of predictability for the February 2021 cold air outbreak (CAO) over the central United States, which led to power grid failures and water delivery shortages in Texas, are diagnosed using a machine learning–based prediction model called a linear inverse model (LIM). The flexibility and low computational cost of the LIM allows its forecasts to be used for identifying and assessing the predictability of key physical processes. The LIM may also be run as a climate model for sensitivity and risk analysis for the same reasons. The February 2021 CAO was a subseasonal forecast of opportunity, as the LIM confidently predicted the CAO’s onset and duration four weeks in advance, up to two weeks earlier than other initialized numerical forecast models. The LIM shows that the February 2021 CAO was principally caused by unpredictable internal atmospheric variability and predictable La Niña teleconnections, with nominally predictable contributions from the previous month’s sudden stratospheric warming and the Madden–Julian oscillation. When run as a climate model, the LIM estimates that the February 2021 CAO was in the top 1% of CAO severity and suggests that similarly extreme CAOs could be expected to occur approximately every 20–30 years.
Analysis of Precipitation Data Using Innovative Trend Pivot Analysis Method and Trend Polygon Star Concept: A Case Study of Soan River Basin, Potohar Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Fiaz , Ceribasi Gokmen , Ceyhunlu Ahmet Iyad , Wu Ray-Shyan , Cheema Muhammad Jehanzeb Masud , Noor Rana Shahzad , Anjum Muhammad Naveed , Azam Muhammad , Afzal Arslan
Published: October 2022

The trend analysis approach is adopted for the prediction of future climatological behavior and climate change impact on agriculture, the environment, and water resources. In this study, the innovative trend pivot analysis method (ITPAM) and trend polygon star concept method were applied for precipitation trend detection at 11 stations located in the Soan River basin (SRB), Potohar region, Pakistan. Polygon graphics of total monthly precipitation data were created and trends length and slope were calculated separately for arithmetic mean and standard deviation. As a result, the innovative methods produced useful scientific information and helped in identifying, interpreting, and calculating monthly shifts under different trend behaviors, that is, increase in some stations and decrease in others of precipitation data. This increasing and decreasing variability emerges from climate change. The risk graphs of the total monthly precipitation and monthly polygonal trends appear to show changes in the trend of meteorological data in the Potohar region of Pakistan. The monsoonal rainfall of all stations shows a complex nature of behavior, and monthly distribution is uneven. There is a decreasing trend of rainfall in high land stations of SRB with a significant change between the first dataset and the second dataset in July and August. It was examined that monsoon rainfall is increasing in lowland stations indicating a shifting pattern of monsoonal rainfall from highland to lowland areas of SRB. The increasing and decreasing trends in different periods with evidence of seasonal variations may cause irregular behavior in the water resources and agricultural sectors.

Significance Statement

The monthly polygonal trends with risk graphs of total monthly precipitation data depicted a clear picture of climate change effects in the Potohar region of Pakistan. The monsoonal rainfall showed a significant decreasing trend in highland stations and an increasing trend in lowland stations, indicating a shifting pattern of monsoonal rainfall from highland to lowland areas.
Atmospheric Cold Pools in the Bay of Bengal
Authors: Simoes-Sousa Iury T. , Tandon Amit , Buckley Jared , Sengupta Debasis , J Sree Lekha , Shroyer Emily , de Szoeke Simon P.
Published: October 2022

Atmospheric cold pools, generated by evaporative downdrafts from precipitating clouds, are ubiquitous in the Bay of Bengal. We use data from three moorings near 18°N to characterize a total of 465 cold pools. The cold pools are all dry, with a typical temperature drop of 2°C (max. 5°C) and specific humidity drop of 1 g/kg (max. 6 g/kg). Most cold pools last 1.5-3.5 hours (max. 14 hours). Cold pools occur almost every day in the North Bay from April to November, principally in the late morning, associated with intense precipitation that accounts for 80% of total rain. They increase the latent heat flux to the atmosphere by about 32 W/m2(median), although the instantaneous enhancement of latent heat flux for individual cold pools reaches 150 W/m2 . During the rainiest month (July), the cold pools occur 21% of the time and contribute nearly 14% to the mean evaporation. A composite analysis of all cold pools shows that the temperature and specific humidity anomalies are responsible for ~90% of the enhancement of sensible and latent heat flux, while variations in wind speed are responsible for the remainder. Depending on their gust front speed, the estimated height of the cold pools primarily ranges from 850 to 3200 m, with taller fronts more likely to occur during the summer monsoon season (Jun-Sep). Our results indicate that the realistic representation of cold pools in climate models is likely to be important for improved simulation of air-sea fluxes and monsoon rainfall.
A ‘continuing, imminent’ threat: the temporal frameworks enabling the US war on terrorism
Authors: McIntosh Christopher
Published: October 2022

For nearly two decades, the United States has chosen to narrate its response to terrorism through what Judith Butler refers to as the ‘frame of war’. Despite this, victory in that country’s longest war remains largely unimaginable. In some ways this is a problem of time – it is not that victory or an end to the conflict is literally unimaginable, it’s that from our political present, an end appears radically discontinuous. This article builds on recent work using temporality and the political present as a lens and conceptual framework to better understand how temporal assumptions and frames shape the practice of war and political violence. In this article, I show how time and timing play a significant role in justifying the violence of the war on terrorism and in making it intelligible as war. I examine the past three administrations and focus on three areas – the borders of wartime, temporal continuity, and the vision of a post-war future – to show important differences in administrative approaches. To more concretely understand the practice of political violence going forward, attention to the temporal dynamics of politics must be front and center, particularly one possessing ambivalent frames. Doing so reveals the implications these dynamics have for the conduct and permissibility of violence.
Revocalising human geography: Decolonial language geographies beyond the nation-state
Authors: Chapman Eleanor
Published: October 2022

This paper emphasises the decolonial importance of geographical engagement with the materiality of language as an embodied and embedded relation. It shows how abstractions of language(s) as discrete, codified and possessable objects participate in a ‘coloniality of language’ that risks obscuring alternative geographies of language within, against and beyond the territorialised monolingualism of the colonial nation-state. Through considering Italian philosopher Adriana Cavarero’s analysis of Western modernity’s systematic ‘devocalisation of logos’ from a modernity/coloniality perspective, I argue that geographical consideration of language as a ‘revocalised’ relation could contribute to moving beyond colonial and (ethno)nationalist geographies of language.
Effects of Coarse Aggregate Shape Parameters on Workability, Design, and Performance Characteristics of Stone Matrix Asphalt Mixes
Authors: Rajan Bharat , Singh Dharamveer
Published: October 2022

The present study explores the effects of coarse aggregate shape characteristics on the performance of stone matrix asphalt (SMA) mixes. The aggregates were produced with two commonly using different crushing mechanisms, namely JH (jaw-horizontal shaft impactor) and JJV (jaw-jaw-vertical shaft impactor). The digital image based Aggregate Image Measurement System was used to capture aggregate shape parameters. The effects of aggregate shape on the SMA mix were captured via various indicators, such as workability, design (resilient and dynamic modulus), and performance parameters (i.e., shear, rutting, and fracture). The shape characterization showed that aggregate produced from JH had significantly higher angularity, texture, and flat and elongated particles compared to JJV. However, the JJV-produced aggregate had significantly higher sphericity/cubicity compared to JH. Moreover, the SMA mix derived from JJV offered better rutting and shear resistance, and modulus values, while both mixes (i.e., JH and JJV) showed a similar fracture resistance behavior. Conclusively, it was perceived that aggregates having high cubicity with moderate angularity and texture offered significantly improved performance. Therefore, it can be inferred that the type of crusher can significantly affect aggregate shape characteristics and the subsequent performance of SMA mixes.
xtusreg: Software for dynamic panel regression under irregular time spacing
Authors: Sasaki Yuya , Xin Yi
Published: October 2022

We introduce a new command, xtusreg, that estimates parameters of fixed-effects dynamic panel regression models under unequal time spacing. After reviewing the method, we examine the finite-sample performance of the command using simulated data. We also illustrate the command with the National Longitudinal Survey Original Cohorts: Older Men, whose personal interviews took place in the unequally spaced years of 1966, 1967, 1969, 1971, 1976, 1981, and 1990. The methods underlying xtusreg are those discussed by Sasaki and Xin (2017, Journal of Econometrics 196: 320–330).
Predictive model to identify multiple failure to biological therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Novella-Navarro Marta , Benavent Diego , Ruiz-Esquide Virginia , Tornero Carolina , Díaz-Almirón Mariana , Chacur Chafik Alejandro , Peiteado Diana , Villalba Alejandro , Sanmartí Raimon , Plasencia-Rodríguez Chamaida , Balsa Alejandro
Published: October 2022

Background:

Despite advances in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the wide range of therapies available, there is a percentage of patients whose treatment presents a challenge for clinicians due to lack of response to multiple biologic and target-specific disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs).

Objective:

To develop and validate an algorithm to predict multiple failure to biological therapy in patients with RA.

Design:

Observational retrospective study involving subjects from a cohort of patients with RA receiving b/tsDMARDs.

Methods:

Based on the number of prior failures to b/tsDMARDs, patients were classified as either multi-refractory (MR) or non-refractory (NR). Patient characteristics were considered in the statistical analysis to design the predictive model, selecting those variables with a predictive capability. A decision algorithm known as ‘classification and regression tree’ (CART) was developed to create a prediction model of multi-drug resistance. Performance of the prediction algorithm was evaluated in an external independent cohort using area under the curve (AUC).

Results:

A total of 136 patients were included: 51 MR and 85 NR. The CART model was able to predict multiple failures to b/tsDMARDs using disease activity score-28 (DAS-28) values at 6 months after the start time of the initial b/tsDMARD, as well as DAS-28 improvement in the first 6 months and baseline DAS-28. The CART model showed a capability to correctly classify 94.1% NR and 87.5% MR patients with a sensitivity = 0.88, a specificity = 0.94, and an AUC = 0.89 (95% CI: 0.74–1.00). In the external validation cohort, 35 MR and 47 NR patients were included. The AUC value for the CART model in this cohort was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.73–0.9).

Conclusion:

Our model correctly classified NR and MR patients based on simple measurements available in routine clinical practice, which provides the possibility to characterize and individualize patient treatments during early stages.
Telehealth-based interventions on lifestyle, body mass index, and glucose concentration in university staff during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: A pre-experimental study
Authors: Marquez Neidis M. , Saintila Jacksaint , Castellanos-Vazquez Antonio J. , Dávila-Villavicencio Roussel , Turpo-Chaparro Joel , Sánchez-Tarrillo Jhan A. , Salinas Arias Saulo A. , Calizaya-Milla Yaquelin E. , Morales-García Wilter C.
Published: October 2022

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has impacted the health of the population. Technological advances become alternative tools for the promotion of lifestyle and prevention of non-communicable diseases in university personnel. Objective: This study analyzed the effect of an intervention based on a telehealth program and investigated its efficacy in improving lifestyle, body mass index, and glucose concentration in university staff during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Methods: A pre-experimental study was conducted between August and December 2021 on 100 workers of a private university located in Tarapoto, Peru. Information was collected on lifestyle practices and beliefs, body mass index, and glucose contraction before and after the intervention. After the intervention, 78 participants were analyzed; 22 workers did not respond to the invitation. Results: Comparison between pretest and follow-up showed an increase in lifestyle practices and beliefs (from 93.33 ± 9.44 to 96.23 ± 9.32, p < 0.01), although this value is considered an unhealthy lifestyle. Moreover, a decrease in body mass index (from 25.23 ± 3.08 to 24.98 ± 2.98, p < 0.05) and glucose concentration (from 98.35 ± 6.70 to 97.45 ± 5.61, p < 0.01) was observed. Conclusion: Telehealth-based educational interventions could be effective in university staff during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, which, in turn, would support improved lifestyles and adequate body mass index and glucose levels.