bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of an HIV peer support precision matching platform: a randomized controlled trial protocol
Authors: 谢 昕 , Han Shuyu , Wu Yangfeng , Huang Tao , Duan Yi , Li Dongmei , Chen Shuyu , Zhou Bo , Zhang Jiangping , Zhang Lili
Published: January 2024

Background: Peer support is a promising and significant way for people living with HIV (PLWH) to improve their health outcomes. Matching PLWH with HIV peer volunteers can effectively stimulate and mobilize the function of peer support in health management. We developed the online platform Aspark, which features a precision matching function for PLWH and volunteers. This protocol provides a comprehensive overview of the randomized controlled trial design based on Aspark.
Method: A parallel randomized controlled trial using block randomization will be conducted at the Beijing YouAn Home of Loving Care. The intervention group (n = 70) had access to all 12 features of Aspark, including precise volunteer matching, health management tools, drug interaction queries, and medication reminders. The control group (n = 70) had access to two features of informational support on Aspark. The outcomes of both groups will be evaluated at baseline and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after platform registration. The primary outcome was perceived social support. The secondary outcomes included mental symptoms, quality of life, self-efficacy, medication adherence, and health behaviors. Linear mixed models or generalized linear mixed models will be applied to test the intervention effects.
Discussion: The Aspark trial is a randomized controlled trial designed to examine the influence of a mobile health (mHealth) application that integrates peer support and precision matchingto strengthen social support for PLWH in China. This trial has the potential to significantly enhance social support for PLWH while also optimizing the delivery of peer support services and fully mobilizing the role of peer support in the overall health management of PLWH.
Clinical registration number: ChiCTR2300077454
Multi-points assisted surrogate-based design and optimization of forklift key components
Authors: zhang wei , Lu Yujun , Lv Liye
Published: January 2024

To better balance adaptive sampling strategies between global exploration and local exploitation and improve the prediction accuracy of the ensemble surrogate model. Based on the individual adaptive sampling (IAS) strategy, an efficient and robust PAI strategy for ensemble surrogate (ES) model (ES-PAI) is proposed. The surrogate model library built into the ES model consists of several typical individual surrogate (IS) models, such as PRS, RBF, Kriging, SVR. Based on the IAS strategy, each IS model in the surrogate model library is used to guide the selection of new infilling sample points, after which new sample points satisfying the diversity are selected by screening with the Euclidean distance criterion. Then, the new samples are added to the training point set to guide the construction of new surrogate models. The effect of IAS strategies used in the ES-PAI strategy and whether the strategy can be applied to most of currently available ensemble surrogate models are explored. Results show that the ES-PAI strategy always outperforms the IAS strategies in terms of global and local performance and is more robust. The ES-PAI strategy is applied into the design and optimization of the forklift gantry. In this practical problem, to save costs, deformation, stress, and mass of a forklift gantry are approximated by surrogate models. The weight of the forklift gantry was reduced by about 4.1% under the condition of stress and deformation.
Omicron’s Spike Receptor-Binding Domain Mutations Significantly Stabilize its Conformational State
Authors: Peters Michael H.
Published: January 2024

The Omicron variant and its sub lineages are the only current circulating SARS-CoV-2 viruses world-wide. In this study, the conformational stability of the isolated Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of the virus’s spike protein, which has been used for highly successful vaccines (Ref. 12), is examined in detail. The conformational stability of Omicron’s RBD over the Wild-type (WT) strain is shown to be greatly increased and traceable to just a few mutations: K417N, S373P, E484A. The mutation S373P,which is shown to represent a significant beta strand enhancement within the receptor binding domain, has been previously identified through atomic force microscopy (Ref. 19) as critical to the increased biomechanical stability of the Omicron variant. Here it is demonstrated that these stabilizing mutations significantly increase the internal energy of the RBD, which is specifically associated with its β hairpin loop domain interactions (intra-loop and loop-RBD interactions). These internal energy increases are traced to the formation of new hydrogens bonds between non-mutated RBD residues that are brought closer together in the more stable Omicron structure. Furthermore, the enhanced stability of the isolated Omicron receptor binding domain over WT results in its configurational alignment with the RBD bound state conformation to its binding partner (human) Angiotensin Converting Enzyme II. The bound state conformation of the RBD is shown to be nearly identical across WT and Omicron variants. This suggests that a dynamic, energetic analysis of protein bound and unbound state conformations may potentially provide a general “road map” for site directed mutational stabilizing of proteins as antigens for vaccines.
Topological optimal design of composite magnetic actuators to improve driving force and thermal conductivity
Authors: Oh Minkyu , Yoo Jeonghoon
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study is to introduce a topology optimization approach to improve the driving force of magnetic actuators along with their thermal conductivity considering the nonlinearity of composite materials. The anisotropic magnetic composite is composed of two parts, taking into account differences in magnetic saturation effect and thermal conductivity. The first part has low magnetic reluctivity and high conductivity, while the other part has high reluctivity and low conductivity. The representative volume element (RVE) method and deep neural network (DNN) were used to obtain a dataset of effective composite material properties and generate a machine learning (ML) module for material property determination used in the optimization process. To optimize and verify both performances, a multi-objective function was established. By employing gradually changing preferences with an initial and utopia points-based adaptive weighting method, design processes were performed to obtain Pareto-optimal solution sets evenly distributed in the objective space. Numerical examples are presented for both symmetric and asymmetric magnetic actuator models, aiming to validate the effectiveness of the proposed design process. To investigate the effects of nonlinearity in magnetic material properties, design results are compared when subjected to high and low currents.
In vitro and In vivo experimental study of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Selected Medicinal Plants for Free Radical Scavenging and Hypoglycemic Activity
Authors: Baral Rishiram , Rawal Prakash , Panta Sushil
Published: January 2024

Background
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a condition affecting metabolism characterized by a high level of glucose in the bloodstream, either due to failure of the Islets of Langerhans of the pancreatic beta cell to produce enough insulin (Type I diabetes) or when there is insulin resistance in body cells (Type II diabetes). Oxidative stress caused by the free radicals produced during the oxidation of glucose, protein glycation by non-enzymatic pathway, and the gradual breakdown of glycated protein by oxidation, is a significant factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. This study was designed for the qualitative and quantitative phytoconstituent determination, free radical lowering activity, and in-vitro and in-vivo glucose-lowering effect of selected parts of five medicinal plants of Nepal using two solvents, i.e., methanol and water of different polarity. The selected plant species are Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam., Dendrocalamus hamiltoni, Fagopyrum megacarpumH. Hara., Somallanthus sonchifolius (poepp)H. Rob., Urtica parvifloraRoxb.
Results
The result from the study revealed that among the tested samples, A. heterophyllus, F. megacarpum, and S. sonchifoliushave higher Total Phenolic Content (TPC) and Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), conclusively showing significant free radical scavenging properties. The in-vitrostudy for the hypoglycemic activity of plant samples showed that ethanolic and water extracts of S. sonchifolius have potent alpha-amylase inhibitory effect showing the half-maximal inhibitory concentration as 0.136 mg/ml and 0.168 mg/ml respectively. In vivo hypoglycemic activity study of S. sonchifolius depicted the blood glucose lowering effect in a dose-dependent manner having a comparative release profile to standard Metformin. S. sonchifolius with the dose of 500 mg/kg showed the optimal decrement in blood glucose level in normal mice by 17.99%, while the same dose of S. sonchifolius diminished the glucose level in blood by 15.74% in glucose-loaded hyperglycemic mice in 120 minutes.
Conclusion
The results from the study outlined that the positive qualitative and quantitative phytoconstituent determination and the ability to eliminate free radicals align with the in vitro and in vivohypoglycemic activity test.
The effect of molding conditions on product properties in the production of flexible polyurethane foam using a Box–Behnken design
Authors: Akbal Büşra , SARA Osman Nuri , Şimşek Barış
Published: January 2024

Polyurethane (PU) foams have become an increasingly important research field due to their use in many areas, such as advanced polymer applications. Many factors affect PU quality during production, and the interaction of these factors with each other also directly affects product quality. For this reason, the study examined the factor effects on PU quality with a systematic design of the experiment and optimization approach. The isocyanate index had the greatest effect on selected quality criteria, such as indentation force deflection, hysteresis loss, wet and dry constant deflection compression, compression force deflection, flammability, and density, synergistically. The strongest interaction effect was from molding temperature and time, which reduced the PU density. Furthermore, optimal process conditions were specified by the desirability function approach as 96.41 (I/P) for isocyanate index, 43.31°C for molding temperature, and 2.15 min. for molding time. Cost-effective PU production with low density by the desired standard is possible.
Acoustic Emission Analysis for crack initiation in AA7075-T6 Alloy Under Multiaxial Fatigue
Authors: Lay Ali Bastani , Beigi Amirhossein , Najafabadi Mehdi Ahmadi
Published: January 2024

In most critical components, fatigue occurs under mixed loadings, such as bending and tensile cyclic loading. Thus, preventing the multiaxial fatigue failure of sensitive structures, such as airframes, is crucial. Furthermore, in the realm of multiaxial fatigue conditions, scant information has been documented regarding the combination of cyclic bending and tensile loading. Therefore, in this paper, Acoustic Emission (AE) as a non-destructive method was used to investigate crack initiation in AA7075-T6 specimens subjected to multiaxial fatigue conditions involving bending and tensile cyclic loading. The results showed that generated AE signals had the same trend in all tests, and there was a reasonable correlation between AE and mechanical characteristics. By correlating mechanical data and AE data using the sentry function, the failure process, which includes dislocation movement, plastic deformation, work hardening, micro-crack formation, and crack initiation, respectively, was identified. The S-N curve was plotted for multiaxial fatigue conditions by using AE monitoring. This curve was depicted as non-destructive and based on the crack initiation cycle. Obtaining the S-N curve by AE monitoring will be of great help to designers in the design of sensitive structures under multiaxial fatigue loading conditions.
Study Protocol: A Parallel-group, Randomized Controlled Trial of Enhanced Cue Exposure Therapy for Negative Emotional Eating
Authors: Chan Wai Sze , Cheng Wing Yee
Published: January 2024

Background: Negative emotional eating (NEE) refers to overeating in response to negative emotions. Cue exposure therapy (CET) has shown preliminary efficacy for treating disordered eating in pilot trials but its efficacy for treating specifically NEE has not been evaluated in a full-scale randomized controlled trial (RCT). Moreover, previously tested CET did not fully utilize theory-informed intervention strategies. Hence, an enhanced version of CET (E-CET) is here developed and evaluated. E-CET will integrate theory-informed intervention strategies including (1) exposures that incorporate not only food cues but also emotional cues and idiosyncratic contextual cues, (2) homework exposures that are conducted in the participant’s naturalistic environment to enhance the generalizability of the effects of exposures, and, (3) explicit instructions during exposures to violate the conditioned stimulus-unconditioned stimulus (CS-US) expectancies believed to be maintaining NEE. E-CET is hypothesized to promote greater reductions in NEE than an active control intervention, behavioral lifestyle intervention (BLI), and its efficacy will be mediated by the reduction in the believability of CS-US expectancies.
Methods: A parallel-group, participant-blinded RCT will be conducted. One-hundred-and-thirty-eight participants who have recurring NEE will be randomly assigned to E-CET or BLI. Both E-CET and BLI will be delivered in six weekly individual sessions. The primary outcome is the change in the emotional eating subscale score measured by the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire at posttreatment, 3-month, and 12-month follow-up from baseline. Secondary and mechanistic outcomes include changes in NEE measured by ecological momentary assessments, external eating, eating disorder symptoms, caloric consumption, body weight, mood, quality of life, and the believability in CS-US expectancies will be measured in the same period. Exploratory outcomes including the within-session changes in CS-US expectancies and the degree of habituation will be assessed in each exposure session, and treatment acceptability and satisfaction will be measured at posttreatment.
Discussion: If shown to be efficacious, E-CET can be implemented to reduce NEE. Furthermore, this study will be the first experimental evaluation of the mediating effects of CS-US expectancy violation in the working of E-CET for NEE. This knowledge will inform developments of the theories on CET and NEE.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06012045, registered on 21 August, 2023.
Cross-sectional post-pandemic study of the relationship between psychological distress and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in a group of Mexican university students
Authors: Cano-Ramírez Hugo , García-Torres Esmeralda , Hoffman Kurt Leroy
Published: January 2024

Background. University students are particularly vulnerable to mental health difficulties, given the elevated levels of social and academic pressure. The recent COVID-19 pandemic caused worldwide disruptions in most aspects of social, academic, and work. Many negative effects persisted well after public health measures to contain the pandemic, such as home confinement, were no longer in effect.
Methods. In order to assess psychiatric symptoms in university students 1 year after their return to normal on-site classes (fall semester of 2022; normal classes were resumed in fall of 2021), we administered the 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) to 348 undergraduate students enrolled in a Mexican public university, Symptom severity was compared across gender, age, and academic major. We also compared our results to published DASS-21 data collected before, during, and after the pandemic. Linear regression was applied in order to identifiy relationships between obsessive-compulsive symptoms and DASS-21 depression, anxiety, and stress.
Results. Women presented greater anxiety, stress, and ordering symptoms compared to men, while younger students presented greater anxiety, stress, obsessing, and OCI-R total symptoms. The OCI-R obsessing subscale was a significant predictor of DASS-21 depression and anxiety, while the ordering subscale predicted DASS-21 stress. Regression analysis with individual obsessing items as predictor variables suggested that frequency and persistence of intrusive (obsessive) thoughts may be selectively associated with DASS-21 depression and anxiety.
Limitations. Since this is a cross-sectional study of students at a single university in Mexico, our conclusions may not fully extrapolate to other contexts.
Conclusions Our data on prevalence and severity of depression, anxiety and stress in the present sample are similar to those reported in other post-pandemic studies and are consistent with an overall increase in symptoms related to the COVID-19 pandemic. University students may have been particularly vulnerable to anxiety after returning to normal academic activities (i.e., return to on-site classes). Gender and age of students should be considered when planning strategies to mitigate mental health problems associated with future pandemic responses. Specific relationships between obsessive compulsive symptoms, depression, anxiety and stress may provide clues to underlying psychopathological processes.
Association of Gene Polymorphisms in Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) with susceptibility and prognosis of B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in a Cohort of Egyptians
Authors: Hegazi¹ Laila A , El-Masry¹ Manal W , Gouda¹ Heba M , Matter Mervat M , Hassan Marwa T
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To investigate the possible relation between polymorphisms of PD-L1 rs4143815 and rs2890658 with the susceptibility and prognosis of B-NHL in a Cohort of Egyptians, we conducted a case-control study.
Methods: Genotyping was done using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) for 100 adult B-NHL patients and 100 healthy adults (controls).
Results:Our results did not show any significant association between PD-L1 (rs4143815, rs2890658) SNPs and risk of B-NHL occurrence. However, the relationship between allele distribution of rs4143815 (C>G) and rs2890658 (A>C) and adverse clinico-pathological features of B-NHL patients revealed positive results.
Conclusions: Our results provided the first evidence that PD-L1 rs4143815 (C>G) and rs2890658 (A>C) are not molecular susceptibility markers for B-NHL in Egyptians, at least in the studied population. However, these polymorphic sites could be candidates for predicting some adverse clinico-pathological features and might have a potential prognostic role in B-NHL.
Psychological services for people with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Care co-designed by consumers
Authors: Lores Taryn , Mikocka-Walus Antonina , Andrews Jane M , Evans A /Prof Subhadra , Lynch Kate D , Chur-Hansen Anna
Published: January 2024

Background
There is a need to improve psychological care for people with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD), noting the high psychosocial burden of disease.
Aims
This study qualitatively explored the views of people living with IBD to help co-design future services that better meet the psychological needs of consumers.
Methods
Adults with IBD were recruited to attend virtual focus groups to discuss what they want most in an IBD-specific psychological service. The discussions were recorded and transcribed, and data were analyzed using conventional content analysis. Draft results were summarized midway and reviewed by remaining focus groups and a final expert consumer. A quantitative dataset was created of comment frequencies.
Results
Thirty-one participants took part in the study: ten focus groups were held with an average of three participants per group. The analysis identified 254 codes, 38 sub-categories and six categories. Five main categories were identified for an IBD-specific psychological service: People-Centered Healthcare (commented on by 90% of participants), Education and Preparation (83%), Social Connection (83%), Psychological Input (93%), and Accessible Services (97%). Results were summarized in a set of proposed clinical guidelines.
Conclusions
The findings of this study identify important insights from people living with IBD regarding priorities for psychological services. IBD services should focus on improving education, addressing social connection, and integrating psychological input, as well as becoming more people-Centered and accessible. It is hoped that IBD services consult the proposed clinical guidelines to inform co-designed service improvements.
Spectral Clustering with Scale Fairness Constraints
Authors: Yang Zhijing , Zhang Hui , Yang Chunming , Li Bo , Zhao Xujian , Long Yin
Published: January 2024

Spectral clustering is one of the most common unsupervised learning algorithms in machine learning and plays an important role in data science. Fair spectral clustering has also become a hot topic with the extensive research on fair machine learning in recent years. Current iterations of fair spectral clustering methods are based on the concepts of group and individual fairness. These concepts act as mechanisms to mitigate decision bias, particularly for individuals with analogous characteristics and groups that are considered to be sensitive. Existing algorithms in fair spectral clustering have made progress in redistributing resources during clustering to mitigate inequities for certain individuals or subgroups. However, these algorithms still suffer from an unresolved problem at the global level: the resulting clusters tend to be oversized and undersized. To this end, the first original research on scale fairness is presented, aiming to explore how to enhance scale fairness in spectral clustering. We define it as a cluster attribution problem for uncertain data points and introduce entropy to enhance scale fairness. We measure the scale fairness of clustering by designing two statistical metrics. In addition, two scale fair spectral clustering algorithms are proposed, the Entropy Weighted Spectral Clustering (EWSC) and the Scale Fair Spectral Clustering (SFSC). We have experimentally verified on several publicly available real datasets of different sizes that EWSC and SFSC have excellent scale fairness performance, along with comparable clustering effects.
Specialized multi-disciplinary comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of rapidly progressing hidden PSC: a rare case report
Authors: 王 德淳 , Zhu Rong
Published: January 2024

Background
Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a rare chronic disease of the hepatobiliary system, characterized by multifocal bile duct strictures and progressive liver damage. Its diagnosis and treatment are both a major challenge. To provide a new direction, we described a very rare case of PSC in a woman who had an insidious onset and a very rapid progression, with a method of specialized multi-disciplinary comprehensive diagnosis and treatment.
Case presentation:
A 32-year-old Chinese female presented with only hypohepatia on a physical examination. The diagnosis was not clear by biochemical tests, imaging, liver biopsy, and genetic test. The patient, however, had recurrent hypohepatia for over 2 years, so she was re-visited. Through further review of imaging, laboratory tests, endoscopy, and a discussion by the specialized multidisciplinary team, the diagnosis of primary sclerosing cholangitis was finally confirmed. And there was a significant improvement in her hypohepatia after taking ursodeoxycholic.
Conclusions
Physicians should be alert to the occurrence of PSC when their patients have unexplained recurrent hypohepatia dominated by elevated ALP and GGT. And maybe specialized multi-disciplinary comprehensive diagnosis and treatment could be a new method to confirm this rare disease.
Hepatic steatosis after pancreatectomy: Does duodenum preservation mitigate the risk?
Authors: L Harilal S , Azam Mohamed Bilal , Pottakkat Biju , Raja Kalayarasan , VC Sunita , Mohan Pazhanivel
Published: January 2024

Background: Hepatic steatosis is a potential cause of long-term morbidity in 20-40% of post-pancreatectomy patients. Various risk factors have been proposed for hepatic steatosis after pancreatectomy. The present study aims to compare the incidence of post-pancreatectomy hepatic steatosis in patients with and without duodenum-preserving surgeries.
Methods: A prospective cohort study of patients who underwent pancreatectomy with or without duodenum preservation for benign and malignant pancreatic diseases between January 2019 and December 2022 was included. Patients who underwent distal and total pancreatectomy were excluded. CT criteria for hepatic steatosis were absolute liver attenuation of less than 40 Hounsfield units (HU) or the difference between mean splenic and liver attenuation of more than 10 HU. Demographic parameters, exocrine insufficiency, and hepatic steatosis in post-operative periods were compared between the two groups.
Results: 40 patients who underwent PD for malignant or non-malignant diseases were compared with 40 who underwent duodenal preserving pancreatic head resection (DPPHR) for chronic pancreatitis. Around 35% of patients had post-operative exocrine pancreatic enzyme insufficiency (EPI) in the DPPHR group, and 15% had EPI in the PD group. The incidence of hepatic steatosis after a minimum follow-up after six months was 17.5% (7/40) in the DPPHR group and 37.5% (15/40) in the PD group. Duodenal resection was found to be a significant risk factor for developing hepatic steatosis (P-0.045), which also persisted after propensity score matching analysis.
Conclusion: Duodenal resection surgeries have more association with hepatic steatosis compared to duodenal preserving pancreatic surgeries.
Effect of habituation and gene silencing on blood biochemical traits in local chicken indicative of their level of welfare
Authors: Mahmood O. K. , Abdulateef Salwan M. , Alnori H. M. , Tatar A.
Published: January 2024

Chickens respond to the signals of other chickens, and as the signals are repeated, the chicken's reactions adapt over time. In studies of chickens responding to repeated playbacks of recorded chicken signals, the word "habituation" has been used to describe both overt behaviours and behavioural responses during specific tests in both field and laboratory settings. Gene silencing, on the other hand, is the regulation of gene expression in a cell that inhibits a particular gene from expressing. The current study aimed to reduce the stress responses of a breed of local chickens by changing their behavioural or genetic factors, and assessed blood traits that reflect their level of welfare. The study used 120 hen chickens obtained at 22 weeks old, divided into six treatments, with four replicates for each treatment (20 chicks per treatment, 5 chicks per replicate) as follows: T1 was a negative control treatment consisting of a local Iraqi chicken breed; T2 was a positive control treatment consisting of a commercial breed of chickens; T3 involved the local breed with siRNA used to silence the corticosterone hormone pathway to the CYP11B2 and CYP11B1 genes by injection in the jugular vein at the age of 24 and 40 weeks; T4 consisted of mixed groups with 25% commercial chicken + 75% local chicks; whilst T5 consisted of 50% commercial chicken + 50% local chicken; and T6 consisted of 75% commercial chicken + 25% local chicken. The results showed a significant improvement (P≤0.05) in Glucose, Cholesterol, Total Protein, LDL, HDL, Globulin and Albumin for T3 and T5 compared with the other treatments; and a significant improvement (P≤0.05) in blood corticosterone in T3 immediately after the injection and two weeks later. The results show that there is an effect of habituation and gene silencing on blood traits, indicating an improved level of welfare for the T3 and T5 chickens.
Bi-parameter pseudo-differential operators in bi-parameter Triebel-Lizorkin and Besov Spaces
Authors: Huang Liang , Zhang Yaming
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we mainly establish the $F^{(s_1,s_2)}_{p,q}(\mathbb{R}^{n_1}\times\mathbb{R}^{n_2})$ and $B^{(s_1,s_2)}_{p,q}(\mathbb{R}^{n_1}\times\mathbb{R}^{n_2})$ boundedness of the bi-parameter pseudo-differential operator, where the symbol involved is given by the standard symbols of the H\"{o}rmander class $BS^{(m_1,m_2)}_{(1,1),(\delta_1,\delta_2)}(\mathbb{R}^{2n_1}\times\mathbb{R}^{2n_2})$ for $-\infty
Mathematics Subject Classification 42B15, 42B25.
High-flux, ultraviolet-to-visible-tunable, ultrafast light source based on gas-filled capillary fibre system
Authors: Huang Zhiyuan , Liu Donghan , Pan Jinyu , Wang Xinliang , Chen Tiandao , Yu Yue , Chang Xinshuo , Jiang Xin , Pang Meng , Leng Yuxin , Li Ruxin
Published: January 2024

Ultrafast light sources with broadband wavelength tunability, as useful tools for studying ultrafast phenomena and light-matter interactions, have attracted extensive interests in recent several decades. High-performance ultrafast pulse generation with simultaneously high pulse repetition rate, high photon flux, and broad wavelength-tuning range covering deep ultraviolet to visible has, however, proven difficult to realize. Here, we demonstrate that through cascading two nonlinear pulse compression stages (one is based on a multi-pass-cell cavity and the other based on a 1-m length of hollow capillary fibre), high-repetition-rate pulses from an industrial-grade high-power picosecond laser can be efficiently compressed to ~15 fs durations, giving rise to an ultrahigh compression ratio of ~74. The generated few-cycle optical pulses, exhibiting excellent beam quality and stability, were used in our set-up to drive the high-efficiency dispersive-wave-emission process in another 1-m length of gas-filled capillary fibre, delivering few-cycle short-wavelength pulses with μJ-level pulse energy, 25 kHz/100 kHz pulse repetition rate, >1016 phs/s photon flux and continuous wavelength-tuning ability from 200 nm to 700 nm. The table-top ultrafast laser system, featuring broad wavelength coverage, may have many potential applications in advanced spectroscopy and ultrafast-optics experiments.
Assessment of Water Quality of Otamiri River Along Selected Reach Using Drone Technology
Authors: Nmecha Engr. , Okereke C. D. , Egwuonwu Chukwudi , Okorafor Okore
Published: January 2024

research work focuses on the study of water quality in the Otamiri River in Imo State, Nigeria. It highlights the concerns about pollution due to anthropogenic and industrial activities, the need for innovative monitoring methods like drone technology, and the global challenges in water quality. The study emphasizes the implications for public health and environmental policies, aiming to assess and monitor the distribution of contaminants along the river using drones, and compare these findings with laboratory analyses. This approach is seen as a transformative step in water management practices, contributing to international knowledge in water quality management. The document also discusses the integration of drone technology in environmental monitoring to bridge local challenges with global solutions.
THE DESIGN OF AN EYE-PROTECTION DESK LAMP BASED ON STM32
Authors:   School of Information Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China., Jiang Weibo , Li Zhuang ,   School of Information Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China., Wang Xi ,   School of Information Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China., Zhang Gaomin ,   School of Information Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China.
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we design an intelligent eye-protection desk lamp based on the STM32 chip. The lamp uses a human body infrared sensor to detect the presence of a person near the lamp. It employs ultrasonic waves and a photoresistor to calculate the distance between the person and the lamp, and to gather information about the surrounding light. A voice module is used to broadcast prompt messages. This design enables the lamp to automatically switch on and off, correct the users sitting posture, adjust its brightness automatically, and provide rest prompts.
TRAITEMENT CONSERVATEUR DE LA GANGRENE ISCHEMIQUE DE LA VERGE A PROPOS DUN CAS
Authors: Amine Bouchtib , Othman Chama , Yahya Sebti , Mustapha Ahsaini , Soufiane Mellas , Jalal Eddine El Ammari , Mohammed Fadl Tazi , Fassi Mohammed Jamal El , Moulay Hassan Farih
Published: January 2024

La gangrenepenienneestunemaladie rare. Elle represente un signe de mauvaispronostic chez les patients atteintsdinsuffisancerenaleterminale et un indicateur de calcification vasculairemetastatique. La pathogenie de cette affection qui met en jeu le pronostic vital nest pas clairement comprise et le traitementestegalementcontroverse. Nous decrivons le cas dun homme de 62 ans, atteint de diabetesucre et dinsuffisancerenale,unepenectomiepartielleprecoce, un controleglycemique et un traitement alpha-bloquantontreussi a controler la maladie. Ilny a euaucuneautre progression de la gangrenenecessitantune amputation supplementaire.
ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF SIERRA LEONES NATIONAL POLICY ON RADICAL INCLUSION TO ADDRESS GENDER INEQUALITY AND PROMOTE EQUAL ACCESS TO GIRLS EDUCATION
Authors:   Lecturer, Department of Educational Foundations, Ernest BaiKoroma University of Science and Technology, Sierra Leone., Sahr Braima Peter , Tamba Borway John ,   Lecturer, Department ofGeography and Sustainabilty Studies, Ernest BaiKoroma University of Science and Technology Sierra Leone.
Published: January 2024

Muigua and Deem emphasize the importance of gender equality in educational opportunities, pointing out that education is a fundamental human right and a driver of socio-economic development. According to Kamara, Sierra Leone`s radical inclusion policy is a remarkable case study that highlights the relevance of gender equality in education provision. This study used a purposive sampling technique to sample 15 students, 5 parents, 5 teachers, 5 school administrators, 5 policymakers, and 5 community members. Barrie also discusses the challenges faced by children in poverty and the benefits of education, as well as government efforts to improve transparency and accountability in primary education in Sierra Leone. Wechter, Terrell, Gupta, and Peterson state that free quality school education (FQSE) is a key policy priority of the Government of Sierra Leone in national transformation through education. According to the 2018 Global Gender Gap Report, Iceland accounts for 85% of the total gender gap, making it the most gender-equal country. A total of 40 participants were randomly selected, who were involved in developing targeted strategies that address the unique challenges girls face in accessing quality education.Both qualitative and quantitative methods of data analysis were used to analyze the data collected using percentages, and graphs, for data collected through questionnaires, whereas a description of findings was used for data collected through interviews and data collected through observations. The study aims to assess the effective implementation of Sierra Leones national policy on radical inclusion to address gender inequality and promote equal access to girls education. Gender equality has improved significantly, from the basic level of students in primary and secondary education to undergraduate and postgraduate levels, as well as the number of lecturers and teachers in schools and universities in general.The result revealed that the National Policy on Radical Inclusion in schools for excluded and marginalized children has been effectively carried out as indicated in the results from the perspectives of women beneficiaries, it is shown that the majority of them believe that women beneficiaries of radical inclusion policies value the policies and that they are beneficial to their lives and that progress has been made in the awareness and implementation of this policy, which is having a positive impact on women beneficiaries which is an indication that the governments objectives have been achieved.
PROSPECTIVE STUDY TO COMPARE RESULTS OF THYROID FUNCTION TESTS OF FLUORESCENT IMMUNOASSAY(FIA) AND ENZYME LINKED RADIOIMMUNOASSAY(ELISA) WITH GOLD STANDARD CHEMILUMINISCENCE TEST(CLIA) TEST IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, GMC Akola., Dhananjay Nandedkar Prerna , Chitta Shrinivas ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, GMC Nandurbar., Harley Kumud ,   Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, GMC Akola., Ghangale Suresh ,   Professor & HOD , Department of Biochemistry, GMC Akola., Raj Neelima ,   Junior Resident, Department of Biochemistry, GMC Akola.
Published: January 2024

Background: Thyroid function test is widely used parameter to diagnose thyroid illness. Since introduction of radioimmunoassay method, several improvements are made in this technique. so it is important to define best sensitive assay with diagnostic accuracy to perform TFT in small laboratories . Therefore we performed analytical evaluation of results of serum total T3, total T4, TSH level by ELISA , FIA with gold standard CLIA method. Material & Methods: In this study total of 40 participants were enrolled. Subjects were chosen randomly either attending OPD & IPD . Serum total T3, total T4, TSH levels were measured in subjects by all three method FIA, ELISA and CLIA. Results of FIA and ELISA test were compared with gold standard CLIA test in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value & diagnostic accuracy. Results: Sensitivity of serum total T3, totalT4, TSH by ELISA is 75% FIA 88%, specificity of serum total T3,T4, TSH by ELISA is 67% and FIA 75%, PPV of all three parameter by ELISA is 60% & FIA 70%, NPV by ELISA is 80% & FIA is 90% Conclusion: Results of serum total T3,serum total T4 and serum TSH by FIA method is comparable with results of CLIA method in term of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value & can be used as reliable &efficient diagnostic test for measurement of serum Total T3, serum Total T4, serum TSH in small laboratories.
WRITERS CRAMP - A MAJOR CONUNDRUM: REVIEW ARTICLE
Authors:   MD Pharmacology, Medical Officer in ESIS Mumbai., Bandkar Archana , Darshetkar Adwait ,   MD Pharmacology, Senior Resident, Dept.of Pharmacology in Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital and Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Sion Mumbai.
Published: January 2024

Background: Writers cramp (WC) is commonly seen in professional workers where writing is the main part of their work. It shows bimodal age of distribution, affects both genders.WC has an incidence rate of approximately 2.7 per million population.WC is diagnosed basically on clinical presentation and history.Functional improvement is the main aim of treatment in the case of WC.Treatment strategies consist of Pharmacological, Surgical, and Non-pharmacological strategies. Objectives: This article highlights clinical features, epidemiology, etiology, available treatment and cure rate with respect to available treatment strategies, and the impact of the writers cramp on the social, economic, and psychological behavior of patients. Methods: This literature has been compiled after scrutinized analysis and consultation with various neurologists along with thorough research from trusted and verified sources. Results: It is observed that patients with writers cramps start using their non-dominant hands to get relief from dystonia. In severe cases, dystonia occurs in non-dominant hands also after some time. Patients with writers cramps experience difficulty with day-to-day activities like writing, combing hair, and sewing. Conclusion: Very few recent studies are available for writers cramps and the sample size is also small. Treat Writers cramp patient as handicapped, require a large sample size, case-control study, long-duration follow up period.
AWARENESS OF GLAUCOMA AMONG RISK GROUP PATIENTS IN GEORGIA
Authors:   Research Scholar, University of Georgia., Tabatadze Salome , Tkhelidze Nino ,   Associated Professor, School of Medicine, University of Georgia.
Published: January 2024

Objectives:This study aimed to estimate awareness of Glaucoma among risk group patients in the outpatient settings of Tbilisi (capital of Georgia). Methods:To assess general, basic knowledge about glaucoma through direct interviewing of patients, 224 respondents in risk groups for developing Glaucoma were studied using the awareness questionnaire provided by the American National Eye Institute (NEI). Results:The total awareness score for the entire group was 3.7, corresponding to a low awareness level. The study results show that the recognition rate does not differ by gender the mean score in females was 3.9 Â± 1.6, and in males - 3.5 Â± 1.8. The study results show that the level of awareness varies significantly depending on the level of education. The very low awareness rate is significantly high among individuals with secondary education. However, no significant differences between the groups were observed in the responses to individual questions. Conclusions:Individuals with a high-risk factor for Glaucoma and people with a family history of Glaucoma should be educated about it and screened for it as early as possible. Glaucoma awareness needs to be raised. Public awareness campaigns, whether seminars, flyers, websites, or posters, can reach the public and show them the importance of early diagnosis and treatment to prevent blindness from glaucoma.
Removal of tellurium(IV) from environmental aquatic systems using metal-organic framework material MIL-100(Fe)
Authors: Huang Yiru , Li Youyou , Zhong Qingwei , Luo Chen
Published: January 2024

Metal-organic framework (MOF) materials, characterized by their porosity and large specific surface areas, exhibit excellent adsorption properties. With the aim of removing Te(IV) from environmental aquatic systems, this study is the first to propose the use of MIL-100(Fe). The material reveals a strong adsorption capacity for Te(IV), with maximum adsorption of 531.9 mg/g, superior to other adsorbent materials. Adsorption isotherm and kinetic models indicate that the adsorption process primarily involves monolayer chemical adsorption. According to the thermodynamic parameters, the adsorption reaction is endothermic. The experiment individually examined factors affecting the material's adsorption performance, including adsorbent dose, initial concentration of Te(IV), pH, adsorption time, and coexisting ions. Even under high ion strength conditions and high concentrations of coexisting ions, the material's adsorption efficiency for Te(IV) still reached over 94%. The material has been successfully applied to remove Te(IV) from lake water, river water, and seawater, yielding satisfactory results. Due to the high salinity and ionic strength of the solution, the removal efficiency of Te(IV) in the seawater matrix was slightly lower than that in freshwater (river and lake water). Thus, this material shows promise for the removal of Te(IV) from complex aquatic systems.
Роль диалектизмов в рассказах Ф. Абрамова
Authors: Astrakhantseva Aliona Aleksandrovna
Published: January 2024

Dialectisms. Linguistic features of dialects. The work of F. Abramov
Industry 4.0 Practices Communication in the Sustainability Reports
Authors: Malyzhenkov Pavel Valerevich
Published: January 2024

This paper examines some of the theoretical issues regarding the publication of the Industry 4.0 practices as a voluntary disclosure in the process of business communication. The usage of such reporting is linked to the general process of Sustainable Development Goals achieving in different business and cultural environments. In such approach, a question about the possible role of Sustainability Reports as a communication modality in the global economy arises.
INFORMATION AVAILABILITY OF THE RESULTS OF THE PROJECT «INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AND EXPORT» IN THE URAL FEDERAL DISTRICT: ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ITS IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Glukhikh P. L.
Published: January 2024

During the implementation of the national project «International Cooperation and Export», ambiguous information support was formed. He is the least known. The regional project «Systemic measures for the development of international cooperation and exports», which is part of it, needs to be evaluated. There are conditions for hiding the planned results of the project. The purpose of the article is to assess the information availability of the project results on the example of the regions of the Ural Federal District and to develop recommendations for its improvement. The significance lies in the identification of two types of information. The Information Accessibility Index has a novelty: the first sub-index takes into account the regularity and prevalence of information, the second – the number of actions and the usability of the result. The spontaneous nature of the activities of the authorities on informing has been established. Examples and experience of information accessibility are systematized. 5 regions of the Ural Federal District have medium and low information availability of results (less than 1,34 points). Recommendations have been developed for the authorities. The principles obtained can be used as a basis for the development of standards for the publication of information.
MECHANISMS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRIAL COOPERATION AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN AND THE POSSIBILITIES OF THEIR USE BY THE ENTITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Avilova V. V.
Published: January 2024

In a turbulent economic macro-environment, to ensure sustainable development of the state and its regions, classical commodity exchange operations are being reformatted both through changing basic partners, changing the geography of markets and product lines, and through intensifying the launch of new multinational production projects that make it possible to compensate for the loss of part of foreign supplies in the format of import substitution , generate innovative solutions based on synergy that become domestic intellectual property. The Republic of Tatarstan is one of the supporting regions of the Russian Federation, a leader in many macroeconomic indicators, investment attractiveness and quality of life. Its developments in the field of international relations and trade are analyzed from the standpoint of efficiency, features of the work of infrastructure elements, such as special economic zones, foreign representative offices, business missions, the Chamber of Commerce and Industry, the Investment Development Agency, and the Export Support Center. Conclusions are drawn about the intensification of all types of cooperation with the People's Republic of China, countries of the Muslim world and with various countries of the EAEU and the CIS, indicating the determining role of the economic structure of all partners, including the presence of preferential regimes of interaction. If increasing global trade turnover is clearly a positive process, then the selection of international industrial cooperation projects should be accompanied by in-depth business analysis of the complementarity of the goals and capabilities of the countries participating in industrial cooperation. Another important conclusion is the need to analyze the potential of Russian regions to identify opportunities for scaling the experience of Tatarstan - the presence of a foundation of industrial cooperation that is mutually beneficial for all parties and infrastructure that ensures the effectiveness of international cooperation. Differences between the Russian and regional economy as its meso-level may lead to an unsuccessful attempt to scale the best practices of the Republic of Tatarstan. In this regard, it is proposed to create a system for connecting part of the regions of the Russian Federation to the channels of international cooperation created in the Republic of Tatarstan to enhance interaction primarily with partners from the countries of the Islamic world.