bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Subclinical Target Organ Damage in a Sample of Children with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: A Pilot Study
Authors: Romano Simone , Marcon Denise , Branz Lorella , Tagetti Angela , Monamì Giada , Giontella Alice , Malesani Francesca , Pecoraro Luca , Minuz Pietro , Brugnara Milena , Fava Cristiano
Published: October 2023

Background and Objectives: Hypertension and vascular damage can begin in adolescents affected by Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD). This study aimed to evaluate markers of vascular damage and left ventricular geometry in a sample of children with ADPKD. Materials and Methods: Several vascular measurements were obtained: ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), carotid distensibility coefficient (cDC), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and echocardiographic measurements (relative wall thickness (RWT) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI)). Results: Eleven ADPKD children were recruited (four females and seven males, mean age 9.5 ± 3.2 years). Four children were hypertensive at the ABPM, five were normotensive, and for two ABPM was not available. RWT was tendentially high (mean 0.47 ± 0.39). Eight patients had concentric cardiac remodeling, while one patient had cardiac hypertrophy. cIMT was above the 95° percentile for sex and height in 80% of the children (0.5 ± 0.005 mm). The average PWV and cDC were between the normal range (5.5 ± 4.6 m/s and 89.6 ± 16.1 × 10−3/KPa, respectively). We observed a positive correlation between the PWV and RWT (r = 0.616; p = 0.044) and a negative correlation between cDC and RWT (r = −0.770; p = 0.015). Cardiovascular damages (cIMT > 95° percentile) were found in normotensive patients. Conclusions: Increased RWT and high cIMT, indicating subclinical organ damage, are already present in ADPKD children. RWT was significantly correlated to that of cDC and PWV, implying that vascular stiffening is associated with cardiac remodeling. None of the children had an alteration in renal function. Subclinical cardiovascular damage preceded the decline in glomerular filtration rate.
Exploring the Antibacterial Potential of Konjac Glucomannan in Periodontitis: Animal and In Vitro Studies
Authors: Lestari Kartika Dhipta , Dwiputri Edlyn , Kurniawan Tan Geraldi Hartono , Sulijaya Benso , Soeroso Yuniarti , Natalina Natalina , Harsas Nadhia Anindhita , Takahashi Naoki
Published: October 2023

Background and Objectives: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease in the supporting tissues of the teeth caused by specific microorganisms or groups of microorganisms. P. gingivalis bacterium is the keystone pathogen in periodontitis, so even at low concentrations, it has a considerable influence on the oral community. Antimicrobials and antiplaque agents can be used as adjunctive therapy for periodontitis treatment. Konjac glucomannan (KGM), as a natural polysaccharide, has flavonoid (3,5-diacetyltambulin) and triterpenoids (ambylon) compounds that show antibacterial activity. This research aims to analyze the antibacterial activity of KGM on animal and in vitro periodontitis models. Materials and Methods: The animal study divided 48 mice into four groups (control, KGM, periodontitis, KGM + periodontitis). Mice were given an intervention substance by oral gavage from day 1 to day 14, periodontitis was induced on day 7, and decapitation was performed on day 14. Samples from the right maxillary jaw of mice were used for histological preparations and morphometrics analysis. In vitro studies were carried out by adding several concentrations of KGM (25, 50, and 100 μg/mL) into a planktonic P. gingivalis and P. gingivalis biofilm. Results: In the animal model, KGM could prevent alveolar bone loss in the periodontitis mice model, both in histologic and morphometrics assessments. In vitro, KGM had antibacterial activity against P. gingivalis with better bacteriostatic (15–23%) than bactericidal (11–20%) ability, proven by its ability to inhibit P. gingivalis proliferation. Conclusions: KGM can be considered to have the potential as an antibacterial agent to prevent periodontitis. The prevention of periodontitis may improve patient well-being and human quality of life.
Whole Corneal Descemetocele
Authors: Kusano Mao , Mohamed Yasser Helmy , Uematsu Masafumi , Inoue Daisuke , Harada Kohei , Tang Diya , Kitaoka Takashi
Published: October 2023

Background and Objectives: To report a case of microbial keratitis complicated by severe corneal melting and whole corneal descemetocele. Methods: A 72-year-old male farmer presented with a right corneal ulcer involving nearly the entire cornea, which was almost completely melted down with the remaining Descemet’s membrane (DM). The pupil area was filled with melted necrotic material, with the intraocular lens partially protruding from the pupil and indenting the DM. Corneal optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination revealed a corneal thickness of 37 µm that was attached to its back surface, with the iris and a part of the intraocular lens (IOL) protruding through the pupil. The patient was hospitalized and treated with local and systemic antibiotics until control of the inflammation was achieved. Corneoscleral transplantation plus excision/transplantation of the corneal limbus were performed, and the entire corneal limbus was lamellarly incised. After completely suturing all around the transplanted corneoscleral graft, the anterior chamber was formed. Postoperative treatment included local antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and cycloplegic drops. Results: There was no recurrence of infection, and the corneal epithelium gradually regenerated and covered the whole graft. Visual acuity was light perception at 6 months after the surgery. The patient was satisfied that the globe was preserved and did not wish to undergo any further treatment. Conclusions: Corneoscleral transplantation is preferred for the treatment of large-sized descemetoceles with active microbial keratitis and extensive infiltrates, especially in cases where the whole cornea has transformed into a large cyst.
Particle Classification in the Enhanced Gravity Field Using the Knelson Concentrator
Authors: Zhang Ling , Yang Lu , Zhao Yan , Hou Haochun , Zhang Zeliang , Lin Jun , Bu Caiyun , Zheng Xinran , Fu Dong
Published: October 2023

The particle classification in the enhanced gravity field generated by the Knelson concentrator was studied in this paper. Three main test parameters, namely rotation speed, backwash water pressure, and solid mass percentage, that affected the classification performance of the Knelson concentrator for the classification tests of quartz and synthetic ore, which consisted of quartz and magnetite, were investigated. The yield of quartz concentrate increased with the rotation speed and decreased with the solid mass percentage and backwash water pressure. A lower backwash water pressure and solid mass percentage could improve the classification efficiency. The classification performance of the Knelson concentrator was comparable to that of the traditional hydrocyclone, with a classification efficiency of 76.84% and cut size of 49 μm when the solid mass percentage was 16.67%, the backwash water pressure was 50 kPa, and the rotation speed was 3600 rpm. The classification performance of quartz in synthetic ore tests was inferior to the single quartz tests, and the magnetite showed a better classification efficiency than the quartz with the same combination of test parameters. This study revealed the classification performance in the separation process of the Knelson concentrator in detail, which was beneficial for clarifying the migration rule of fine-grained minerals in the enhanced gravity field.
Hierarchical Structuring of Black Silicon Wafers by Ion-Flow-Stimulated Roughening Transition: Fundamentals and Applications for Photovoltaics
Authors: Gorshkov Vyacheslav N. , Stretovych Mykola O. , Semeniuk Valerii F. , Kruglenko Mikhail P. , Semeniuk Nadiia I. , Styopkin Victor I. , Gabovich Alexander M. , Boiger Gernot K.
Published: October 2023

Ion-flow-stimulated roughening transition is a phenomenon that may prove useful in the hierarchical structuring of nanostructures. In this work, we have investigated theoretically and experimentally the surface texturing of single-crystal and multi-crystalline silicon wafers irradiated using ion-beam flows. In contrast to previous studies, ions had relatively low energies, whereas flow densities were high enough to induce a quasi-liquid state in the upper silicon layers. The resulting surface modifications reduced the wafer light reflectance to values characteristic of black silicon, widely used in solar energetics. Features of nanostructures on different faces of silicon single crystals were studied numerically based on the mesoscopic Monte Carlo model. We established that the formation of nano-pyramids, ridges, and twisting dune-like structures is due to the stimulated roughening transition effect. The aforementioned variety of modified surface morphologies arises due to the fact that the effects of stimulated surface diffusion of atoms and re-deposition of free atoms on the wafer surface from the near-surface region are manifested to different degrees on different Si faces. It is these two factors that determine the selection of the allowable “trajectories” (evolution paths) of the thermodynamic system along which its Helmholtz free energy, F, decreases, concomitant with an increase in the surface area of the wafer and the corresponding changes in its internal energy, U (dU>0), and entropy, S (dS>0), so that dF=dU – TdS<0, where T is the absolute temperature. The basic theoretical concepts developed were confirmed in experimental studies, the results of which showed that our method could produce, abundantly, black silicon wafers in an environmentally friendly manner compared to traditional chemical etching.
Normocephalic Children Exposed to Maternal Zika Virus Infection Do Not Have a Higher Risk of Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities around 24 Months of Age than Unexposed Children: A Controlled Study
Authors: Godoi Juannicelle T. A. M. , Negrini Silvia F. B. M. , Aragon Davi C. , Rocha Paulo R. H. , Amaral Fabiana R. , Negrini Bento V. M. , Teixeira Sara R. , Yamamoto Aparecida Y. , Bettiol Heloisa , Mussi-Pinhata Marisa M.
Published: October 2023

Although very few controlled studies are available, in utero Zika virus (ZIKV)-exposed children are considered at risk for neurodevelopmental abnormalities. We aimed to identify whether there is an excess risk of abnormalities in non-microcephalic children born to mothers with confirmed ZIKV infection compared with ZIKV-unexposed children from the same population. In a cross-sectional study nested in two larger cohorts, we compared 324 ZIKV-exposed children with 984 unexposed controls. Outcomes were assessed using the Bayley Screening Test III applied around 24 months of age. Relative risks for classifying children as emergent or at-risk for neurodevelopmental delay in at least one of five domains were calculated, adjusting for covariates. In four of the five domains, few children were classified as emergent (4–12%) or at-risk (0.3–2.16%) but for the expressive communication domain it was higher for emergent (19.1–42.9%). ZIKV-exposed children were half as frequently classified as emergent, including after adjusting for covariates [RR = 0.52 (CI 95% 0.40; 0.66)]. However, no difference was detected in the at-risk category [RR = 0.83 (CI 95% 0.48; 1.44)]. Normocephalic children exposed to the Zika virus during pregnancy do not have a higher risk of being classified as at risk for neurodevelopmental abnormalities at two years of age.
Effect of the Addition of Fique Bagasse Cellulose Nanoparticles on the Mechanical and Structural Properties of Plastic Flexible Films from Cassava Starch
Authors: Palechor-Trochez Jhon Jairo , Chantre-López Adriana Rocio , Argote-Ortiz Eduardo , Villada-Castillo Héctor Samuel , Solanilla-Duque Jose Fernando
Published: October 2023

One of the activities most representative of the agricultural sector in Colombia is the production of biodegradable fique fiber. The efficiency of the defiberization process of the fique leaves is very low since a mere 4% of the total weight of the leaf (cabuya) is used and marketed. The remaining 96%, composed of fique juice and bagasse, is considered to be waste and discarded, impacting the environment. The aim of this work was to study fique bagasse as a source of cellulose nanoparticles (CNCs). CNCs were obtained by acid hydrolysis and added at 10% to films made from cassava thermoplastic starch (TPS) by the casting method. Structural changes in the CNCs, TPS, and their mixtures were characterized by FTIR-ATR and their morphology and particle size by SEM and TEM microscopy, respectively. Thermal properties were analyzed using DSC and TGA, along with their effect on mechanical properties. Changes in the FTIR spectra indicated that the chemical method adequately removed hemicellulose and lignin from the fiber surface of fique bagasse. The CNCs showed a diameter and length of 7.5 ± 3.9 and 52.7 ± 18.1 nm, respectively, and TPS 10% CNC obtained an increase in mechanical strength of 116%. The obtainment of CNCs from lignocellulosic materials can thus be viewed as a favorable option for the subsequent reinforcement of a polymeric matrix.
The Importance of Drug Delivery in the Clinical Development and Lifecycle of Drug Products with Examples from Authorised Medicinal Products
Authors: Malamatari Maria
Published: October 2023

Drug delivery systems (DDS) are formulations or devices that enable the introduction of a therapeutic into the body and its delivery to its target site, potentially enhancing its efficacy and safety. Advances in formulation approaches related to the enhancement of solubility, permeability and thus bioavailability of drugs have already been successfully implemented by the pharmaceutical industry. This review highlights the importance of formulations/DDS in the clinical development and the lifecycle of drug products. Examples from already authorised drug products have been used to showcase how the development of appropriate formulations/DDS could deliver drugs to the site of action (e.g., pulmonary and nasal drug delivery) and enhance patient adherence to medication (e.g., long-acting injectables, 3D-printed tablets). Moreover, examples from authorised products have been provided to highlight how formulation can improve safety (e.g., liposomes, abuse-deterrent opioid formulations) and efficacy (e.g., albumin-based nanoparticles, permeation enhancers for oral delivery of peptides).
Perioperative Blood Management Programme in Jehovah’s Witnesses Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Solarino Giuseppe , Vicenti Giovanni , Bizzoca Davide , Zaccari Domenico , Ginestra Walter , Ferorelli Davide , D’aprile Matteo , Moretti Biagio
Published: October 2023

Total hip arthroplasties aim to improve quality of life and reduce pain in patients suffering from late-stage hip osteoarthritis. On the other hand, it may represent a risky surgical procedure in people who refuse blood products because of religious beliefs, such as Jehovah’s Witnesses (JW). Preoperative optimisation protocols of these patients allow medical professionals to perform arthroplasties in a safer manner, avoiding allogeneic blood transfusion. In our retrospective study, two groups of patients were evaluated. Group 1 included JW patients who underwent a preoperative Hb optimisation program; Group 2 included non-JW patients authorizing transfusion in case of necessity. Differences in Hb levels were as follows: before surgery (JW 14.24 ± 1.10 vs. non-JW 12.48 ± 1.00, p-value ≤ 0.05), and after surgery (day 1 Hb: JW 12.88 ± 0.90 vs. non-JW 10.04 ± 1.30, p-value ≤ 0.05; day 3 Hb: JW 14.65 ± 0.80 vs. non-JW 9.10 ± 0.90 p-value ≤ 0.05). Moreover, cost-effectiveness strategies were evaluated in both groups. Our findings support that patient blood management programs are a safe and good strategy in hip prosthetic surgery, decreasing risks and transfusion overuse.
The Global Turn in Nationalism: The USA as a Battleground for Hinduism and Hindu Nationalism
Authors: Kim Sophie-Jung H.
Published: October 2023

Hindu nationalism operates on a global scale today. Evinced by the transnational networks of the Sangh Parivar and the replication of strategies such as amending textbooks and patriotic rewriting of history, politics and discourse of Hindu nationalism are not solely contained to the territorial boundary of the nation. In this globalized battle for and against Hindu nationalism, the United States of America serves as an important site. In light of this, this article puts together existing scholarship on diasporic Hindu nationalism with late nineteenth-and early twentieth-century deterritorial history of Indian nationalism to present a broader framework for historicizing Indian activism in the US. It argues that while long-distance Hindu nationalism in the US cannot be traced before the 1970s, examining the early experiences of Indian activists in the US offers useful insights with which to evaluate the ongoing battles of Hindu nationalism in the US and opens another field of enquiry: Hindutva’s counterpublic.
Reinterpreting and Remapping Philosophy, Evolutionism and Religion in Late Qing Missionary’s Translation of The Making of a Man
Authors: Lu Mingyu , Zheng Tianxiang , Wang Keyu
Published: October 2023

Between the Boxer Movement and the 1911 Revolution, missionaries in China confronted distinct social challenges compared to their counterparts in home countries. In response, American missionary Young John Allen and his Chinese assistant, Van Yi, co-translated James Wideman Lee’s The Making of a Man into Chinese as Ren Xue. This translation aimed to counter Spencer’s social evolutionism, introduced by native intellectuals like Yan Fu, offering a reinterpretation of the relationships among individuals, nations, and God. Additionally, it sought to remap philosophy, evolutionism, ethics, and religion tailored for late Qing China. In contrast to clergymen in America and China, Chinese native intellectuals developed their unique reinterpretations and reshaping of philosophy, science, evolutionism, ethics, and religion for China. Through a cross-comparison of works by Yan Fu, Huxley, Spencer, Lee and Allen, this study explored the diverse responses to Spencer’s evolutionary theory and related issues among the advocates of evolutionism, Chinese intellectuals, and clergies in America and China.
Aroma Profile of Grapevine Chips after Roasting: A Comparative Study of Sorbara and Spergola Cultivars for More Sustainable Oenological Production
Authors: D’Eusanio Veronica , Morelli Lorenzo , Marchetti Andrea , Tassi Lorenzo
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to compare the aroma profiles of Sorbara and Spergola grapevine prunings roasted at different temperatures (120, 140, 160, 180, 200, and 240 °C). One potential application of grapevine prunings is their use as infusion chips to enhance and improve the aging processes of alcoholic beverages and vinegars. Aromatic compounds impart unique flavors and contribute to the complexity of the final products. Thermogravimetry–mass spectrometry coupled with evolved gas analysis (TGA-MS-EGA) was conducted to identify the thermal steps at which substantial changes occurred in the wood matrix. Solid-phase microextraction–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) was used for the analysis of volatile compounds. Several key volatile compounds were identified, showing variations in their concentrations as a function of cultivar and roasting temperature. Furan derivatives, such as furfural, and phenolic compounds, such as guaiacol and vanillin, were the two main chemical classes of volatile compounds that predominantly defined the aroma of grapevine chips roasted above 180 °C. At lower roasting temperatures, some aldehydes, such as hexanal and terpenes, defined the aroma profiles of the samples. By repurposing waste materials, this application offers a pathway for environmentally conscious viticulture and sustainable practices within the food industry.
Biochar-Based Adsorbents for Pesticides, Drugs, Phosphorus, and Heavy Metal Removal from Polluted Water
Authors: Bocșa Mariana , Pintea Stelian , Lung Ildiko , Opriș Ocsana , Stegarescu Adina , Humayun Muhammad , Bououdina Mohamed , Soran Maria-Loredana , Bellucci Stefano
Published: October 2023

Water contamination is a ubiquitous issue for all countries and territories worldwide. Among others, pesticides, drugs, heavy metals, and phosphates play a special role in terms of pollutants due to their toxicity and large-scale applications in industrial and agricultural activities. In order to provide cleaner freshwater for the world’s population, two types of actions are required: preventing/limiting the pollution that might occur during our daily activities and decontaminating the already exposed/contaminated water sources. One of the key points in the decontamination process is to create as few as possible side effects with the solutions applied. For this reason, in the case of the mentioned types of pollutants but not limited only to them, the use of environmentally friendly materials is more than welcome. Biochar qualifies as one of these materials, and its field of applications expands to larger scientific and industrial areas every day. Moreover, it can be functionalized in order to improve its properties in terms of pollutant removal efficiency. This paper summarizes the most recent developments in the field of water decontamination using biochar or biochar-based materials in order to remove pesticides, drugs, heavy metals, and phosphates from contaminated aqueous environments. Also, the removal of phosphorus from wastewater using biochar is considered. This removal can be a key controlling factor for the wastewater, which is obtained as a residual of agricultural activities. Indeed, due to the excessive use of chemical fertilizers, eutrophication in such kinds of wastewater can be a serious challenge.
Well-Posedness and Energy Decay Rates for a Timoshenko-Type System with Internal Time-Varying Delay in the Displacement
Authors: Braik Abdelkader , Mirgani Safa M. , Hassan Eltigani I. , Zennir Khaled
Published: October 2023

In this work, we consider a Timoshenko-type system in a bounded one-dimensional domain under Dirichlet conditions with time-varying delay and internal friction damping acting in the displacement. First, we show that the system is well-posed using semi-group theory. Then, under appropriate assumptions on the weights of the delay, the stability of system is obtained via a suitable Lyapunov functional.
Infection Rates of Fasciola Intermediate Host Snail Species and Their Distribution in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hadebe Mpumelelo Ian , Manyangadze Tawanda , Kalinda Chester , Mindu Tafadzwa , Chimbari Moses John
Published: October 2023

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to collate the infection rates of Fasciola spp. in intermediate host snails and their distribution in Africa. The overall infectivity prevalences of Galba truncatula, Radix natalensis, and Pseudosuccinea columella are 52%, 8%, and 3%, respectively. The intermediate host snails native to Africa (R. natalensis and G. truncatula) have been examined more than the invasive P. columella. The studies included in the review ranged from 1999 to 2022. North Africa has the highest prevalence of G. truncatula, with an infection rate of 52%. The review reveals that naturally infected intermediate host snails (G. truncatula, R. natalensis, and P. columella) are found in various regions of Africa. G. truncatula accounts for 22% (from three countries) of the studies included in the review and it was only found in the North African region with the highest overall infection rate of 52%. More studies on infection rate and distribution are needed to effectively control and prevent future transmissions.
An Update on Multimodal Ophthalmological Imaging of Diffuse Choroidal Hemangioma in Sturge–Weber Syndrome
Authors: Ciancimino Chiara , Di Pippo Mariachiara , Rullo Daria , Ruggeri Francesco , Grassi Flaminia , Scuderi Gianluca , Abdolrahimzadeh Solmaz
Published: October 2023

Sturge–Weber syndrome (SWS) is characterized by facial port-wine stains, leptomeningeal hemangiomas, and prominent ocular manifestations such as glaucoma and diffuse choroidal hemangiomas (DCHs). Imaging modalities are critical for diagnosing and longitudinally monitoring DCHs in SWS. Fundus photography is fundamental in assessing both eyes simultaneously, fluorescein angiography and indocyanine green angiography effectively map the retinal and choroidal circulation, and ultrasonography offers essential structural insights into the choroid and retina. NIR imaging reveals subtle retinal pigment changes, often overlooked in standard fundus examination. Enhanced depth imaging spectral domain optical coherence tomography (EDI-SDOCT) and swept-source OCT (SSOCT) improve the visualization of the choroidal-scleral boundary, essential for DCH characterization. The potential of OCT angiography (OCTA) is under exploration, particularly its role in predicting signs of disease progression or worsening, as well as potential new biomarkers such as the choroidal vascularity index (CVI). The present review aims to provide an update on multimodal imaging of DCHs in SWS.
EXPERIENCE IN THE ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT: TRANSPORTATION BY ROAD
Authors:   Department of  UTBiIS IUTST of the Russian University of Transport (MIIT), KURGANOVA N.V. , SAZONOV A.A. ,   LLC «SIM-Auto»
Published: October 2023

The analysis is carried out and a variant of the development of multimodal transport management is presented on the example of the experience of road transport management. The method of creating a motor transport focus center for transportation is proposed and justified for the possibility of using as an optimal control unit both the direct function of delivering goods and the logistics costs of the organization.
IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS DURING RECONSTRUCTION OF ROADS
Authors:   Belgorod State Technological University, MIKHAYLICHENKO S.A. , SHATALOV A.V. ,   Belgorod State Technological University, SHATALOV V.A. ,   Belgorod State Technological University
Published: October 2023

As a result of the study, it was found that the type and structure of the material used has a great influence on the quality of the road surface; in this light, special attention is paid to the crushed materials. In this regard, within the framework of the article, several materials for grinding in a rotary centrifugal unit are considered. Selected various working bodies of the unit, affecting the technological parameters of the grinder. The most rational chopper components are installed, con-venient for further use in production.
ISSUES OF INTEGRATION OF THE STATE TRAFFIC INSPECTORATE OF THE NEW SUBJECTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION INTO THE SYSTEM OF PUBLIC SERVICES PROVIDED IN THE FIELD OF ROAD SAFETY
Authors:   Oryol Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, ZEYNALOV F.N.
Published: October 2023

The author studied the experience of the registration and examination units of the traffic police of the newly acquired subjects of the Russian Federation in the provision of public services, conducted a survey of 30 employees, identified problems of integration of the State Traffic Inspectorate of the new subjects of the Russian Federation into the system of public services in the field of road safety, described the accompanying circumstances, identified organizational and methodological measures to reduce the integration of these public relations in line with the Russian legal system.
AN INFORMATION MODEL FOR ANALYZING THE TRAFFIC SITUATION BY A CANDIDATE DRIVER AT THE STAGE OF PRACTICAL TRAINING
Authors:   South-West State University, AGEEV E.V. , VINOGRADOV E.S. ,   South-West State University
Published: October 2023

This article presents the causes that have a direct impact on the mechanism of occurrence of road accidents, identifies the factors that affect the reliability of perception of road information when driving a vehicle, at the stage of movement along the training route in a populated area, and outside a populated area. The information model of the analysis of the road traffic situation by the candidate for drivers at the stage of practical training is considered, the increasing sequence of passing road signs at the stage of practical training by the candidate for drivers in the training center is established.
TESTS TO DETERMINE THE CONTROLLABILITY PARAMETERS OF A LIGHT WHEELED AMPHIBIOUS ALL-TERRAIN VEHICLE WITH AN ON-BOARD TURNING METHOD
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University, FEDORENKO A.V. , LELIOVSKIY K.Y. ,   Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University
Published: October 2023

This article presents some data obtained during tests of particularly light snowmobiles with an on-board turning method in order to identify indicators of their technical and operational properties, in particular controllability. The intermediate results of the work carried out by the team of researchers of the R.E. Alekseev NSTU are presented. The investigated snowmobile is supposed to form the basis of a model range of ground transportation and technological means. The developed line is positioned to ensure the individual mobility of technical personnel engaged in the maintenance of pipelines, power lines and communications, in addition to conducting search and rescue and patrol operations, including in the circumpolar regions of the North. The development, as well as the modernization of their structures, experimental substantiation of the calculation principles was chosen as a further direction of the project development.
IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL ACCIDENT SITES IN ORDER TO PREDICT ACCIDENTS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE HUMAN FACTOR
Authors:   The state budgetary institution of the Penza region «Safe region», ILYINA I.E. , VITVITSKY E.E. ,   Siberian State Automobile and Road University
Published: October 2023

The subject of the study is the possibility of improving road safety by identifying potential locations of road accidents. The centers of accidents in Penza for the period 2019 – 2021 are presented according to the data of the free access platform. The generalized result of the analysis of the works of scientists on the subject of accident forecasting in road transport is presented. Neural networks and the Python programming language are used to predict accidents. As input data, it is proposed to use indicators characterizing the human factor and objects of gravity of the population.
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS FOR MONITORING THE OPERATION OF THE CAR SERVICE PRODUCTION ZONE
Authors:   Tyumen Industrial University, ZAKHAROV N.S. , KOZIN E.S. ,   Tyumen Industrial University
Published: October 2023

The article deals with the issues of monitoring the operation of the zone for the maintenance and repair of vehicles at a service station using information technology. The production facilities of many stations are equipped with video surveillance cameras that could be used to monitor the operation of the service area, in particular, to determine the degree of loading of the post, its condition at a particular point in time, the fact that a mechanic and a car are at the post, as well as determining the routes of movement of production personnel. The information obtained can be integrated into the enterprise database and used to make management decisions and generate zone operation statistics. The implementation of the system is possible using a pre-trained ResNet50 convolutional neural network, which is used to detect objects «car» and «person». The developed model can be part of a management decision support system or a digital twin of a motor transport company.
ORGANIZATION OF TRAFFIC IN THE TRANSPORT SERVICE OF RESIDENTS OF MULTI-STOREY BUILDINGS
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, ZEDGENIZOV A.V. , BRYANSKIKH T.B. ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, KURDYUKOV S.YU. ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University
Published: October 2023

The article presents the results of field studies, presents the processing of the resulting array of aggregated data. The results are presented that allow us to characterize the intensity of road transport on the considered section of the road network. The factors influencing the intensity of traffic flows and the required parking space are determined, the dependences of the intensity of individual motor transport on the area of multi-storey residential buildings, on the proportion of correspondence carried out by individual motor transport, on the distance from the city center are revealed.
THE PROBLEM OF READINESS OF FUTURE TEACHERS TO IMPLEMENT A SAFE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT FOR YOUNGER SCHOOL STUDENTS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE STATE OF WAR
Authors: BELYAEVA N.
Published: October 2023

The article highlights the need to train future teachers to create safe conditions for the educational process in educational institutions. It was established that security during the stay of all participants in the educational process in the educational institution provides for their maximum security, comfort during their stay on the territory and in the premises of general secondary education institutions, should ensure the preservation of their health and life in the conditions of martial law and post-war reconstruction. With the use of problematic and typological approaches to determine relevant aspects in the scientific research of domestic scientists, the necessity of supplementing the training of future teachers for a modern primary school with knowledge, abilities and skills of designing and implementing a safe educational environment of the school in the conditions of martial law has been determined. It is proven that the creation of a safe educational environment for students depends mainly on teachers, who are subject to certain requirements regarding their professional and pedagogical training, peculiarities of perception of the learning process, students and themselves, ways of communication, interaction and behavior. Based on the fact that all participants in the educational process today need psychological help and support, the relevance of students acquiring knowledge of a psychological nature from training in the use of psychological and pedagogical technologies to provide psychological help to those participants in the educational process who experienced psychological trauma in wartime is substantiated. A specific feature of the creation of a safe educational environment by future primary school teachers is that they will work with children of primary school age, who are particularly vulnerable in the conditions of martial law and need psychological and pedagogical help and support more than anyone else. The coordinated work of scientific and pedagogical workers of higher education institutions, the quality of mastering and organization of professional and pedagogical training are determined by the factors that determine the state of preparedness of future teachers for the design and implementation of a safe educational environment for younger schoolchildren in the conditions of martial law. The necessity of forming the students' need for knowledge, value orientations, the formation of a civic position, and activities to ensure the participants of the educational process is substantiated.
FORMATION OF BASIC CIVIL DEFENSE COMPETENCES DURING THE TRAINING OF HIGHER EDUCATION SEEKERS UNDER THE MARTIAL LAW CONDITIONS
Authors: KONDEL V.
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes the research of scientists on the training of highly qualified specialists in civil protection. It has been proven that in the conditions of full-scale Russian military aggression, constant air warning signals and missile danger, the organization of safe training conditions during military operations and strict compliance with safety rules in the event of a life-threatening situation is extremely important. Examples of the teaching of the discipline "Civil Defense" show the process of forming basic competencies during the training of students of higher education under martial law, responsibility for collective and individual safety during emergency situations, the ability to make effective decisions taking into account the specifics of future professional activity and scientific and technical achievements progress.

To solve the assigned tasks, the discipline considers various topics devoted to the legislation of Ukraine on civil protection, principles and measures of protection of the population and territories, monitoring of dangers caused by emergency situations, civil protection in educational institutions of Ukraine, potent poisonous substances, forecasting of the situation and planning of protection measures in zones of radioactive, chemical and biological contamination, informing the population in the conditions of emergency situations and the rules of behavior in these conditions, providing psychological assistance and analyzing the vital needs of the population in emergency situations, the influence of human factor parameters on security management, and organizational measures to increase the level of civil protection in peacetime and wartime.

For the qualitative mastering of the discipline, the author of the article has developed methodological recommendations for 6 practical classes from the "Civil Defense" course, the quality of which allows future specialists to acquire not only the knowledge necessary for mastering the discipline, but also to form basic competencies for further professional activity under martial law.

The analysis of scientific sources and materials prepared by the author for conducting practical classes with master's students showed that, having mastered the discipline "Civil Defense", future specialists will have not only the necessary knowledge, but also professional competences that will help them make responsible decisions regarding the prevention of emergency situations of peace and war time, and in the event of their occurrence - reliable protection of the population, territory, environment and property.

In further research, attention should be paid to the special training in civil protection of master's students studying at a pedagogical university in various specialties, taking into account their future professional activities.
STUDY OF THE CREATIVITY OF ARTISTS OF FOLK EMBROIDERY ARTS OF POLTAVIA BY FUTURE TEACHERS OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
Authors: TYTARENKO V.
Published: October 2023

The article highlights the aspects of studying the work of women artists of the folk embroidery art of Poltava region by future teachers of labor education. It was found that the Poltava region is rich in the names of a large number of representatives of various fields of folk art and handicrafts, who are famous for their originality, skill, perfection and poetics, and have passed on their experience and traditions of their native region to the next generations.

The importance of the tasks facing the pedagogical community, not only of a didactic, but also of a general cultural dimension, is substantiated: to gradually and continuously explore deeper and deeper national traditions in the field of embroidery and to revive them through the education of children and youth, using a retrospective method.
ADMINISTRATIVE EXPERIENCE OF A. MAKARENKО IN FORMING THE LEGAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE EDUCATIONAL MANAGERS
Authors: TKACHENKO A.
Published: October 2023

Systemic opportunities for the formation of legal competence of the future educational leader should be provided by the optimal organization of his professional training in the conditions of the master's degree. At the same time, the category of legal content of the learning process acquires special importance, which involves not only the saturation of the educational process with legal disciplines, but also a wide appeal to various forms of legal, including historical and pedagogical, experience. An interesting example of the formation of legal reality as a means of optimizing the educational environment is the unique experience of the outstanding Ukrainian teacher Anton Makarenko. A. Makarenko managed to assess the immanent pedagogical potential of legal reality as such and found a certain algorithm for using the system of basic forms of existence of law as an educational tool. Having become the head of an institution for the education of delinquents, A. Makarenko felt the objective need to take into account the specific legal reality not as a negative circumstance, but primarily as a key factor in the pedagogical process. In his practical activity, A. Makarenko realized and implemented the goal of finding a certain algorithm for the integration of pedagogical and legal specifics in solving the educational tasks set before him. The form that ensured such integration was the author's system of pedagogically expedient organization of legal reality, implemented in the specific conditions of the so-called educational team. In other words, A. Makarenko not only effectively used each of the forms of existence of law in his management practice, but actually invented a whole system of pedagogically appropriate methods of implementing these forms. The experience of A. Makarenko for a modern leader in the field of education represents a form of optimal unity of managerial, pedagogical and legal reality, among which the managerial reality acts as an integrating factor, ensuring the effectiveness of the entire system.
Os impactos da esquizofrenia na neurocognição: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Campello de Freitas Saulo Henrique , Alves Ariane Aragão , Lira Tatiane Maria Lisbôa de , Silva Andrey Lucas Rodrigues da , Souza Ariane Silva Vital de , Cavalcanti Camilla de Andrade Tenorio , Lopes Isvânia Maria Serafim da Silva
Published: October 2023

Introdução. O transtorno da esquizofrenia é caracterizado por sintomas positivos e negativos, os quais acarretam prejuízos funcionais na dinâmica social, afetiva e profissional. Os déficits cognitivos estão entre os principais sintomas da esquizofrenia, envolvendo a cognição social e a neurocognição. Objetivo. Identificar os impactos da esquizofrenia na neurocognição e os domínios mais comprometidos. Método. Revisão de escopo com estudos sobre esquizofrenia e impactos cognitivos. Foram utilizados os descritores “Schizophrenia”, “Disorder” e “Cognition” e, após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 13 artigos para a realização da revisão. Resultados. Os artigos eram predominantemente ensaios clínicos de origem europeia. Para avaliar os prejuízos neurocognitivos, utilizou-se as escalas MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB), Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) e a The Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale (SCoRS). A esquizofrenia afeta significativamente a neurocognição, tendo como domínios mais prejudicados a memória de trabalho e a velocidade de processamento. Entre as regiões cerebrais afetadas com o declínio cognitivo associado ao transtorno, observou-se déficits no funcionamento no giro pós-central esquerdo, giro frontal médio caudal esquerdo e na ínsula esquerda. Não foi possível esclarecer a relação entre o prejuízo cognitivo com o estágio do transtorno esquizofrênico. Houve também correlação entre comprometimento neurocognitivo com o nível de gravidade dos sintomas, especialmente os negativos. Conclusão. O impacto da esquizofrenia no campo da neurocognição é severo, demonstrando, portanto, a necessidade de uma maior amplitude no tratamento do transtorno e no olhar acerca dos sintomas, indo além dos positivos e negativos mais associados ao transtorno esquizofrênico.
Policiamento de proximidade no bairro Cidade Industrial de Curitiba
Authors: Previdi Mauro Jalson , De Moraes Júlio Cezar Rodrigues
Published: October 2023

O presente artigo foca sobre o Policiamento de Proximidade no bairro Cidade Industrial de Curitiba, pela necessidade atual de interação dos órgãos de Segurança Pública com a comunidade local, visando a diminuição dos índices de criminalidade e aumentando a sensação de segurança local. Capacitar o policial militar, para que atue de uma forma inteligente, visando despertar a proatividade e o sentimento de cidadania de uma maneira a responder aos anseios da comunidade e ainda receber informações, denúncias e sugestões pertinentes a segurança pública. Buscar soluções e conscientizar a comunidade sobre a responsabilidade de cada um na prevenção dos crimes e no controle da violência. Desenvolver ações voltadas para a comunidade, contribuindo para a melhoria de qualidade de vida da comunidade local e resgatando a confiança na Polícia Militar.
Suivi et évaluation du programme pilote « Encouragement précoce de la langue »
Authors: Auer Daniel , Efionayi-Mäder Denise , Joëlle Fehlmann , Suri Mirjam , Bader Dina , Bonoli Giuliano , Morlok Michael , Probst Johanna
Published: October 2023

Dans le cadre des mesures d’intégration de la Confédération pour les personnes du domaine de l’asile, le Secrétariat d’Etat aux migrations (SEM) a lancé en 2018, en collaboration avec 17 cantons, un programme pilote visant à encourager précocement l’apprentissage linguistique des requérants d’asile. Ceci a donné en de nombreux endroits une impulsion importante pour un encouragement linguistique rapidement mis en place. Pratiquement tous les professionnels et les réfugiés interrogés apprécient l’offre et estiment que les réfugiés sont ainsi mieux préparés aux étapes d’intégration à venir. Par ailleurs, les résultats fournissent des indications sur les possibilités d’amélioration.
Optimization of measurement in self-aligned liquid crystal optical control devices with two-slit Young’s experiment
Authors: Watanabe Tomoya , Okada Hiroyuki
Published: October 2023

We have investigated an interference experiment of the two-slit Young experiment using an improved self-alignment (SA) liquid crystal optical control device structure. The newly developed SA process and optimization of slit structure and slit width were redesigned to micron size in order to make the interference pattern clear. As a result, we observed a clear NOT logic operation where the center peak intensity of the incident light is inverted.
Layanan Bank Syariah Berbasis Multikultural
Authors: Ami'in Siti Nur , Janah Tutik Nurul
Published: October 2023

This study aims to reveal how multicultural-based services exist in PT. BPRS Artha Mas Abadi, and aims to prove that Islamic bank services are for all people and are universal. This study uses descriptive-qualitative, and data obtained from direct interviews with one of the executive officers at PT BPR Syariah Artha Mas Abadi and other sources which are collected and analyzed descriptively. This study shows that PT BPR Syariah Artha Mas Abadi's customers come from diverse communities. Evidence that Islamic bank services at PT BPR Syariah Artha Mas Abadi are multicultural-based services that do not discriminate between religion, ethnicity and culture as well as the professional background of its customers is that it has 52 non-Muslim savings customers and 10,918 Muslims with a customer background who come from various tribes and cultures as well as diverse customer professions. As for financing services, PT BPRS Artha Mas Abadi has 18 non-Muslim customers and 1,362 Muslim customers. This study suggests the need for a more massive role of the government and sharia banking practitioners to increase literacy and education to all people, both Muslim and non-Muslim, about sharia bank services.