bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between different serum cartilage biomarkers in the acute response to running and jumping in healthy male individuals
Authors: Dreiner Maren , Munk Tobias , Zaucke Frank , Liphardt Anna-Maria , Niehoff Anja
Published: April 2022

The effect of physical activity on serum cartilage biomarkers is largely unknown. The purpose of the study was to systematically analyze the acute effect of two frequently used exercise interventions (running and jumping) on the correlation of seven serum biomarkers that reflect cartilage extracellular matrix metabolism. Fifteen healthy male volunteers (26 ± 4 years, 181 ± 4 cm, 77 ± 6 kg) participated in the repeated measurement study. In session 1, the participants accomplished 15 × 15 series of reactive jumps within 30 min. In session 2, they ran on a treadmill (2.2 m/s) for 30 min. Before and after both exercise protocols, four blood samples were drawn separated by 30 min intervals. Serum concentrations of seven biomarkers were determined: COMP, MMP-3, MMP-9, YKL-40, resistin, Coll2-1 and Coll2-1 NO2. All biomarkers demonstrated an acute response to mechanical loading. Both the COMP and MMP-3 responses were significantly (p = 0.040 and p = 0.007) different between running and jumping (COMP: jumping + 31%, running + 37%; MMP-3: jumping + 14%, running + 78%). Resistin increased only significantly (p < 0.001) after running, and Coll2-1 NO2 increased significantly (p = 0.001) only after jumping. Significant correlations between the biomarkers were detected. The relationships between individual serum biomarker concentrations may reflect the complex interactions between degrading enzymes and their substrates in ECM homeostasis.
Bone mineral density alteration in obstructive sleep apnea by derived computed tomography screening
Authors: Daniel Sharon , Cohen-Freud Yafit , Shelef Ilan , Tarasiuk Ariel
Published: April 2022

The association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and bone mineral density (BMD) is poorly elucidated and has contradictory findings. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) for other indications can provide a valuable opportunity for osteoporosis screening. Thus, we retrospectively explored the association between OSA and BMD by examining abdominal CT vertebrae images for a multitude of conditions and indications. We included 315 subjects (174 with OSA and 141 without OSA) who performed at least two CT scans (under similar settings). Both groups had a similar duration between the first and second CT scans of 3.6 years. BMD decreased in those with OSA and increased age. A multivariate linear regression indicated that OSA is associated with BMD alterations after controlling for age, gender, and cardiovascular diseases. Here, we report that OSA is associated with BMD alterations. Further studies are required to untangle the complex affect of OSA on BMD and the possible clinical implications of vertebra-depressed or femoral neck fractures.
GaN-based mini-LED matrix applied to multi-functional forward lighting
Authors: Nguyen Quang-Khoi , Lin Yi-Jou , Sun Ching , Lee Xuan-Hao , Lin Shih-Kang , Wu Chi-Shou , Yang Tsung-Hsun , Wu Tian-Li , Lee Tsung-Xian , Chien Chao-Hsin , Yu Yeh-Wei , Sun Ching-Cherng
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we propose and demonstrate to use of a single reflector with 68 segments to project vehicle low beam and high beam with the use of a GaN-based mini-LED matrix, which is a 5 × 6 LED die array. The design of the reflector is based on light field technology in considering etendue from the light source across the segments. The group of the segments with smaller etendue from the LED dies in the bottom 2 rows are used to project low beams. When the other LED dies are turned on, the reflector will project light upward and form the high beam. The selection of the turn-on LED dies in the mini-LED matrix can adjust the width of the illumination pattern so that an adaptive low/high beam can be performed. Besides, to extend the functionality of the headlamp module, we propose to dispense IR phosphor on LED dies in the high-beam zone of the GaN-based mini-LED matrix. Thus the vehicle can emit IR high beam, which can be imaged through a camera and can be incorporated with machine vision for an autonomous vehicle without using a complicated adaptive headlight to avoid glare. The proposed multi-function in spatial and spectral domains will be helpful to various applications with use of a mini-LED matrix.
Potential cannabidiol (CBD) repurposing as antibacterial and promising therapy of CBD plus polymyxin B (PB) against PB-resistant gram-negative bacilli
Authors: Abichabki Nathália , Zacharias Luísa V. , Moreira Natália C. , Bellissimo-Rodrigues Fernando , Moreira Fernanda L. , Benzi Jhohann R. L. , Ogasawara Tânia M. C. , Ferreira Joseane C. , Ribeiro Camila M. , Pavan Fernando R. , Pereira Leonardo R. L. , Brancini Guilherme T. P. , Braga Gilberto Ú. L. , Zuardi Antonio W. , Hallak Jaime E. C. , Crippa José A. S. , Lanchote Vera L. , Cantón Rafael , Darini Ana Lúcia C. , Andrade Leonardo N.
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to assess the ultrapure cannabidiol (CBD) antibacterial activity and to investigate the antibacterial activity of the combination CBD + polymyxin B (PB) against Gram-negative (GN) bacteria, including PB-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (GNB). We used the standard broth microdilution method, checkerboard assay, and time-kill assay. CBD exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, lipooligosaccharide (LOS)-expressing GN diplococcus (GND) (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Moraxella catarrhalis), and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but not against GNB. For most of the GNB studied, our results showed that low concentrations of PB (≤ 2 µg/mL) allow CBD (≤ 4 µg/mL) to exert antibacterial activity against GNB (e.g., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii), including PB-resistant GNB. CBD + PB also showed additive and/or synergistic effect against LOS-expressing GND. Time-kill assays results showed that the combination CBD + PB leads to a greater reduction in the number of colony forming units per milliliter compared to CBD and PB alone, at the same concentration used in combination, and the combination CBD + PB was synergistic for all four PB-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates evaluated. Our results show that CBD has translational potential and should be further explored as a repurposed antibacterial agent in clinical trials. The antibacterial efficacy of the combination CBD + PB against multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant GNB, especially PB-resistant K. pneumoniae, is particularly promising.
Remarkable diversity of vomeronasal type 2 receptor (OlfC) genes of basal ray-finned fish and its evolutionary trajectory in jawed vertebrates
Authors: Zhang Zicong , Sakuma Atsuhiro , Kuraku Shigehiro , Nikaido Masato
Published: April 2022

The vomeronasal type 2 receptor (V2R, also called OlfC) multigene family is found in a broad range of jawed vertebrates from cartilaginous fish to tetrapods. V2Rs encode receptors for food-related amino acids in teleost fish, whereas for peptide pheromones in mammals. In addition, V2Rs of teleost fish are phylogenetically distinct from those of tetrapods, implying a drastic change in the V2R repertoire during terrestrial adaptation. To understand the process of diversification of V2Rs in vertebrates from “fish-type” to “tetrapod-type”, we conducted an exhaustive search for V2Rs in cartilaginous fish (chimeras, sharks, and skates) and basal ray-finned fish (reedfish, sterlet, and spotted gar), and compared them with those of teleost, coelacanth, and tetrapods. Phylogenetic and synteny analyses on 1897 V2Rs revealed that basal ray-finned fish possess unexpectedly higher number of V2Rs compared with cartilaginous fish, implying that V2R gene repertoires expanded in the common ancestor of Osteichthyes. Furthermore, reedfish and sterlet possessed various V2Rs that belonged to both “fish-type” and “tetrapod-type”, suggesting that the common ancestor of Osteichthyes possess “tetrapod-type” V2Rs although they inhabited underwater environments. Thus, the unexpected diversity of V2Rs in basal ray-finned fish may provide insight into how the olfaction of osteichthyan ancestors adapt from water to land.
The impact of COVID-19 on patients with chronic pain seeking care at a tertiary pain clinic
Authors: Ziadni Maisa S. , You Dokyoung S. , Cramer Eric M. , Anderson Steven R. , Hettie Gabrielle , Darnall Beth D. , Mackey Sean C.
Published: April 2022

Empirical data on the health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic remain scarce, especially among patients with chronic pain. We conducted a cross-sectional study matched by season to examine patient-reported health symptoms among patients with chronic pain pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic onset. Survey responses were analyzed from 7535 patients during their initial visit at a tertiary pain clinic between April 2017–October 2020. Surveys included measures of pain and pain-related physical, emotional, and social function. The post-COVID-19 onset cohort included 1798 initial evaluations, and the control pre-COVID-19 cohort included 5737 initial evaluations. Patients were majority female, White/Caucasian, and middle-aged. The results indicated that pain ratings remained unchanged among patients after the pandemic onset. However, pain catastrophizing scores were elevated when COVID-19 cases peaked in July 2020. Pain interference, physical function, sleep impairment, and emotional support were improved in the post-COVID-19 cohort. Depression, anxiety, anger, and social isolation remained unchanged. Our findings provide evidence of encouraging resilience among patients seeking treatment for pain conditions in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, our findings that pain catastrophizing increased when COVID-19 cases peaked in July 2020 suggests that future monitoring and consideration of the impacts of the pandemic on patients’ pain is warranted.
Utility of plasma NGAL for the diagnosis of AKI following cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sharrod-Cole Hayley , Fenn Jonathan , Gama Rousseau , Ford Clare , Giri Ramesh , Luckraz Heyman
Published: April 2022

The objective of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (pNGAL) for the early diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) in adult patients following cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Electronic databases and other resources were systematically searched for relevant studies. Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 (QUADAS-2) tool. Studies were assigned to a sub-group based on the timing of the pNGAL sample in relation to the cessation of CPB. These were < 4 h, 4–8 h, 12 h or 24 h post-cessation of CPB. Summary values for sensitivity and specificity were estimated using the hierarchical summary receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve model. A random-effects meta-analysis of each pair of sensitivity and specificity estimates from each included study was performed. In total, 3131 patients from 16 studies were included. When taken at 4–8 h following CPB, pNGAL had superior performance for the diagnosis of AKI in the defined population when compared to earlier and later time points. Prediction regions and confidence intervals, however, demonstrated significant variability in pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity. This is likely due to population and study design heterogeneity, lack of standardisation of assays and thresholds, and inability to distinguish the different molecular forms of NGAL. In conclusion, the diagnostic utility of pNGAL in this clinical setting is inconclusive and large individual studies of representative populations of cardiac surgery patients using assays that specifically detect NGAL in its monomeric form are required.
Core-shell structure of LiMn2O4 cathode material reduces phase transition and Mn dissolution in Li-ion batteries
Authors: Tomon Chanikarn , Sarawutanukul Sangchai , Phattharasupakun Nutthaphon , Duangdangchote Salatan , Chomkhuntod Praeploy , Joraleechanchai Nattanon , Bunyanidhi Panyawee , Sawangphruk Montree
Published: April 2022

Although the LiMn2O4 cathode can provide high nominal cell voltage, high thermal stability, low toxicity, and good safety in Li-ion batteries, it still suffers from capacity fading caused by the combination of structural transformation and transition metal dissolution. Herein, a carbon-coated LiMn2O4 cathode with core@shell structure (LMO@C) was therefore produced using a mechanofusion method. The LMO@C exhibits higher cycling stability as compared to the pristine LiMn2O4 (P-LMO) due to its high conductivity reducing impedance growth and phase transition. The carbon shell can reduce direct contact between the electrolyte and the cathode reducing side reactions and Mn dissolution. Thus, the cylindrical cell of LMO@C//graphite provides higher capacity retention after 900 cycles at 1 C. The amount of dissoluted Mn for the LMO@C is almost 2 times lower than that of the P-LMO after 200 cycles. Moreover, the LMO@C shows smaller change in lattice parameter or phase transition than P-LMO, indicating to the suppression of λ-MnO2 phase from the mixed phase of Li1-δMn2O4 + λ-MnO2 when Li-delithiation at highly charged state leading to an improved cycling reversibility. This work provides both fundamental understanding and manufacturing scale demonstration for practical 18650 Li-ion batteries.
Regional sensitivity patterns of Arctic Ocean acidification revealed with machine learning
Authors: Krasting John P. , De Palma Maurizia , Sonnewald Maike , Dunne John P. , John Jasmin G.
Published: April 2022

Ocean acidification is a consequence of the absorption of anthropogenic carbon emissions and it profoundly impacts marine life. Arctic regions are particularly vulnerable to rapid pH changes due to low ocean buffering capacities and high stratification. Here, an unsupervised machine learning methodology is applied to simulations of surface Arctic acidification from two state-of-the-art coupled climate models. We identify four sub-regions whose boundaries are influenced by present-day and projected sea ice patterns. The regional boundaries are consistent between the models and across lower (SSP2-4.5) and higher (SSP5-8.5) carbon emissions scenarios. Stronger trends toward corrosive surface waters in the central Arctic Ocean are driven by early summer warming in regions of annual ice cover and late summer freshening in regions of perennial ice cover. Sea surface salinity and total alkalinity reductions dominate the Arctic pH changes, highlighting the importance of objective sub-regional identification and subsequent analysis of surface water mass properties.
Integrated analysis of carbon dioxide and oxygen concentrations as a quality control of ocean float data
Authors: Wu Yingxu , Bakker Dorothee C. E. , Achterberg Eric P. , Silva Amavi N. , Pickup Daisy D. , Li Xiang , Hartman Sue , Stappard David , Qi Di , Tyrrell Toby
Published: April 2022

The distributions of dissolved O2and CO2have not previously been systematically compared across the global surface ocean, despite their significance for life and climate. Here we analyze carbon dioxide and oxygen concentrations relative to saturation (equilibrium with the atmosphere) in surface waters, using two large datasets (ship-collected and float-collected data). When applied to a high-quality global ship-collected dataset, CO2and O2concentrations relative to saturation exhibit large seasonal and geographic variations. However, linear fits of CO2and O2deviations from saturation (ΔCO2against ΔO2) yield y-intercepts close to zero, which suggests a requirement for data validity. We utilize this finding to investigate the accuracy of carbonate system data from biogeochemical-Argo floats. We find significant discrepancies in ΔCO2-ΔO2y-intercepts compared to the global reference, implying overestimations of float-based CO2release in the Southern Ocean. We conclude that this technique can be applied to data from autonomous platforms for quality assessment.
Conjugation of oligonucleotides with activated carbamate reagents prepared by the Ugi reaction for oligonucleotide library synthesis
Authors: Kita Ryosuke , Osawa Takashi , Obika Satoshi
Published: April 2022

A solution-phase conjugation method based on the Ugi reaction is reported, which enables the synthesis of an oligonucleotide-tagged peptoid library.
Surface properties and rising velocities of pristine and weathered plastic pellets
Authors: Bond Tom , Morton Jack , Al-Rekabi Zeinab , Cant David , Davidson Stuart , Pei Yiwen
Published: April 2022

Theoretical predictions overestimate experimental rising velocities, especially for less spherical (heavily weathered) pellets.
The role of organic colloids in the sequestration and mobilization of copper in smelter-impacted soils
Authors: Jadoon Sarib , Schindler Michael
Published: April 2022

This study shows that Cu occurs predominantly as Cu-sulfides and Cu-bearing phosphates and -carbonates in organic matter (OM) colloids within smelter-impacted soils in which they are often associated with other inorganic components.
Lactobacillus kefiranofaciensJKSP109 andSaccharomyces cerevisiaeJKSP39 isolated from Tibetan kefir grain co-alleviated AOM/DSS induced inflammation and colorectal carcinogenesis
Authors: Zeng Xuejun , Jia Hang , Shi Yiheng , Chen Ke , Wang Zhouli , Gao Zhenpeng , Yuan Yahong , Yue Tianli
Published: April 2022

Lactobacillus kefiranofaciensJKSP109 andSaccharomyces cerevisiaeJKSP39 isolated from Tibetan kefir grain co-alleviated AOM/DSS induced inflammation and colorectal carcinogenesis. The combined effect was superior to a single strain.
Heterogeneous catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide utilizing a Fe(iii)-based metal–organic framework as an efficient and persistent nanozyme
Authors: Abuzalat Osama , El-Mehalmey Worood A. , Tantawy Hesham , Baraka Ahmad , Alkordi Mohamed H.
Published: April 2022

The Fe(iii)-based MOF acted as a highly efficient and highly recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for hydrogenperoxide decomposition with a simple retrieval from the reaction mixture.
Novel adamantyl clubbed iminothiazolidinones as promising elastase inhibitors: design, synthesis, molecular docking, ADMET and DFT studies
Authors: Ahmed Atteeque , Saeed Aamer , Ejaz Syeda Abida , Aziz Mubashir , Hashmi Muhammad Zaffar , Channar Pervaiz Ali , Abbas Qamar , Raza Hussain , Shafiq Zahid , El-Seedi Hesham R.
Published: April 2022

Structurally diverse adamantyl-iminothiazolidinone conjugates were synthesized, evaluated for elastase inhibition, and subjected to in silico ADMET prediction. The inhibition studies revealed compounds 5a, 5f, 5g, and 5h to show significant activity.
Harnessing natural-product-inspired combinatorial chemistry and computation-guided synthesis to developN-glycan modulators as anticancer agents
Authors: Chen Wei-An , Chen Yu-Hsin , Hsieh Chiao-Yun , Hung Pi-Fang , Chen Chiao-Wen , Chen Chien-Hung , Lin Jung-Lee , Cheng Ting-Jen R. , Hsu Tsui-Ling , Wu Ying-Ta , Shen Chia-Ning , Cheng Wei-Chieh
Published: April 2022

An integrated strategy of Natural-Product-Inspired Combinatorial Chemistry (NPICC) and Computation-Guided Synthesis is used to develop an α-hGMII inhibitor with 106-fold selectivity over α-hLM, withinhibitory effect on hepatocellular carcinoma.
Aptamer-conjugated MoS2 for enrichment and direct detection of small molecules in laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhao Yaju , Liao Qiaobo , Xi Kai
Published: April 2022

In this work, MoS2 nanosheets were synthesized by the chemical exfoliation method and then modified with a thiol-terminated aptamer via a simple thiol functionalization route.
A heptamethine cyanine with meso-N-induced rearrangement for acid-activated tumour imaging and photothermal therapy
Authors: Wu Yanxin , Wei Kai , Ma Guiping , Ji Chendong , Yin Meizhen
Published: April 2022

Due to the pH-dependent rearrangement, cyanine-based nanoprobe Cy-TPA NPs can be activated in acidic tumor environments to exhibit “turn on” near-infrared fluorescence and photothermal effect simultaneously for tumor imaging and therapy.
Highly efficient and stable Ru nanoparticle electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline conditions
Authors: Søndergaard-Pedersen Frederik , Lakhotiya Harish , Bøjesen Espen Drath , Bondesgaard Martin , Myekhlai Munkhshur , Benedetti Tania M. , Gooding J. Justin , Tilley Richard D. , Iversen Bo B.
Published: April 2022

Ru nanoparticles are prepared via solvothermal synthesis with allotropism control. Both fcc and hcp samples are active catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction, but the hcp sample is stable during 12 hour operation.
Dual-potential electrochemiluminescent film constructed from single AIE luminogens for the sensitive detection of malachite green
Authors: Li Zihua , Zhou Yusheng , Cui Yuhan , Liang Guodong
Published: April 2022

A bright dual-potential ECL film was constructed from single AIE luminogens for the sensitive and selective detection of malachite green in a real fish tissue sample.
Enhanced charge separation in La2NiO4 nanoplates by coupled piezocatalysis and photocatalysis for efficient H2 evolution
Authors: Ma Xinyu , Gao Yangfei , Yang Bian , Lou Xiaojie , Huang Jianbing , Ma Lijing , Jing Dengwei
Published: April 2022

The synergistic effect between piezocatalysis and photocatalysis create new routes for e− migration and the rate of hydrogen production has greatly increased through 2D La2NiO4 nanoplates.
Maximizing the peroxidase-like activity of Pd@PtxRu4−x nanocubes by precisely controlling the shell thickness and their application in colorimetric biosensors
Authors: Jiang Yiming , Zhu Jiawei , Li Li , Gao Yahui , Leng Juncai , Yan Jiai , Liu Shuoming , Zhang Feng , Liu Han , Zhu Chenlu , Guo Lichun , Xie Haijiao , Zhao Wei
Published: April 2022

We report an extraordinary Pt–Ru bimetallic nanozyme with well-defined {100} facets and 3.3-atomic-layer shell thickness. The enhanced catalytic activity could be ascribed to the modulation of the adsorption behavior of the intermediates.
Efficient charge separation of a Z-scheme Bi5O7−δI/CeO2−δ heterojunction with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity for NO removal
Authors: Yao Ziyi , Nie Junli , Ul Hassan Qadeer , Li Guian , Liao Jiabin , Zhang Weibin , Zhu Lujun , Shi Xianjin , Rao Fei , Chang Jun , Huang Yu , Zhu Gangqiang
Published: April 2022

In this work, a novel Z-scheme Bi5O7−δI/CeO2−δ heterojunction photocatalyst was prepared by combining hydrothermal synthesis and thermal treatment methods.
A long life solid-state lithium–oxygen battery enabled by a durable oxygen deficient flower-like CeO2microsphere based solid electrolyte
Authors: Wang Tianyuan , Lu Liang , Sun Chunwen
Published: April 2022

A durable composite electrolyte membrane was prepared by rationally utilizing oxygen vacancies in flower-like CeO2microspheres. The assembled solid-state lithium–oxygen battery with this composite electrolyte shows remarkable cyclability.
Automated solid phase assisted synthesis of a heparan sulfate disaccharide library
Authors: Ramadan Sherif , Su Guowei , Baryal Kedar , Hsieh-Wilson Linda C. , Liu Jian , Huang Xuefei
Published: April 2022

An automated machine-aided solid phase synthesis of heparan sulfate (HS) has been established for the first time. With the significantly reduced number of synthetic and purification steps, 16 HS disaccharides have been readily assembled.
Construction and transformations of 2,2-difluoro-2,3-dihydrofurans from enaminones and diflurocarbene
Authors: Sheng Heyun , Chen Zhiwei , Li Xue , Su Jianke , Song Qiuling
Published: April 2022

A simple and efficient construction of 2-difluoro-2,3-dihydrofurans is reported, which features metal-free and additive-free conditions, high functional group tolerance and readily accessible starting materials.
Selective monoallylation of anilines to N-allyl anilines using reusable zirconium dioxide supported tungsten oxide solid catalyst
Authors: Kon Yoshihiro , Tsurumi Shota , Yamada Shunsuke , Yokoi Toshiyuki , Fujitani Tadahiro
Published: April 2022

We present a 10 wt% WO3/ZrO2 catalyzed monoallylation reaction of anilines to give various N-allyl anilines in good yields. The developed catalytic reaction is applicable to the continuous flow synthesis of N-allyl aniline with 97% selectivity.
Insights into substrate behavior in a solvent-free protein liquid to rationalize its reduced catalytic rate
Authors: Behera Sudarshan , Balasubramanian Sundaram
Published: April 2022

Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of a solvent-free protein liquid of lipase A reveal substrates to be interspersed within the surfactant coating.
MNP–cellulose–OSO3H as an efficient and biodegradable heterogeneous catalyst for green synthesis of trisubstituted imidazoles
Authors: Saeedi Shaghayegh , Rahmati Abbas
Published: April 2022

Cellulose is an eco-friendly, efficient, and suitable substrate for use as a coating material and support in the preparation of catalysts.
Flow synthesis of an α-amino boronic ester as a key precursor of bortezomib drug
Authors: Desrues Titouan , Legros Julien , Jubault Philippe , Poisson Thomas
Published: April 2022

The flow synthesis of the optically active α-amino boronate precursor of the bortezomib drug is described, including a key diastereoselective Matteson rearrangement.
Single-component nanodiscs via the thermal folding of amphiphilic graft copolymers with the adjusted flexibility of the main chain
Authors: Nishimura Tomoki , Hatatani Yusuke , Ando Mitsuru , Sasaki Yoshihiro , Akiyoshi Kazunari
Published: April 2022

A strategy for the fabrication of nanodiscs via the self-assembly of thermoresponsive amphiphilic graft copolymers is demonstrated.
Reversible Zn2+-induced 3D self-assembled aerogel of carboxyl modified copper indium diselenide quantum dots: mechanism and application for inkjet printing anti-counterfeiting
Authors: Chen Jilei , Fu Wenrong , Xiong Jiaqiang , Zhang Wei , Jiang Feng-Lei , Zheng Liuchun , Liu Yi , Jiang Peng
Published: April 2022

Three-dimensional (3D) self-assembled quantum dot (QD) aerogels have attracted attention due to the combined properties of both QDs and porous materials.
Mild stratification in drying films of colloidal mixtures
Authors: Park Jin Seok , Yun Jinseong , Chun Byoungjin , Jung Hyun Wook
Published: April 2022

Analysis on the size stratifications in bidisperse colloidal film drying using the implicit and explicit solvent simulations.
Impact of varying side chain structure on organic electrochemical transistor performance: a series of oligoethylene glycol-substituted polythiophenes
Authors: Chen Shinya E. , Flagg Lucas Q. , Onorato Jonathan W. , Richter Lee J. , Guo Jiajie , Luscombe Christine K. , Ginger David S.
Published: April 2022

We find larger μC* and faster doping kinetics with more oxygen atoms on the side chain, and if the oxygen atom is farther from the polymer backbone. We show that this variation in C* is the dominant factor in changing the μC* for these polymers.
A large scale self-supported WP–W2C nanoporous network for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline media
Authors: Huang Jingwen , Jian Chuanyong , Cai Qian , Hong Wenting , Liu Wei
Published: April 2022

A large-scale WP–W2C heterojunction with a nanoporous structure is constructed to enhance the HER performance and corrosion stability under high pH conditions, high temperatures and large current densities that satisfy industrial requirements.
Thickness-controllable Li–Zn composite anode for high-energy and low-N/P ratio lithium metal batteries
Authors: Li Xueyang , Zhu Renjie , Jiang Haojie , Yu Yue , Wan Wang , Li Xinglong , Wang Chao , Huang Yunhui
Published: April 2022

Benefitting from the in situ formed intermetallic compounds, the Li–Zn composite exhibits outstanding processing performance when roll-pressed into a thickness-controllable anode for pouch cells with an ideal N/P ratio.
Diagnosis of disease relevant nucleic acid biomarkers with off-the-shelf devices
Authors: Qi Lijuan , Du Yan
Published: April 2022

This review summarizes the off-the-shelf devices repurposed for POC detection of disease-relevant nucleic acid biomarkers, exposing the challenges and future perspectives for application in healthcare and disease surveillance.
Recent advances in protein-imprinted polymers: synthesis, applications and challenges
Authors: He Yanting , Lin Zian
Published: April 2022

This review summarized the recent advances of protein imprinted polymers (PIPs) focused on the imprinting methods and highlighted applications.
Carbon monoxide induced self-doping in methylammonium lead iodide films and associated long-term degradation effects
Authors: Mathur Avi , Maheshwari Vivek
Published: April 2022

Carbon monoxide interacts strongly with the MAPbI3film surface and can displace the adsorbed O2leading to loss of the organic moiety, accompanied by lowering of the work function and softening of the perovskite film due to formation of PbI2.
Assessment on capacity expansion of AC XLPE cable under DC operation with the constraint of temperature and electric field intensity
Authors: Li Jinxian , Yang Fan , Fang Zhankai , Lu Xu , Hu Ran
Published: April 2022

The effective design of controlling parameters in AC–DC conversion in power cables has played an important role in transmission security. The state‐of‐the‐art studies determining the voltage level and ampacity of cables are mostly based on the core temperature at 70 ℃. Accordingly, this paper proposed a technique to determine the cable DC voltage level and ampacity of AC–DC conversion by taking operational temperature, the steady and the transient state electric field intensity constraints and the critical reversal temperature difference (CRTD) into account. The results of the research indicated that the voltages of 66 kV AC cable can be transformed to ±55 kV, ±50 kV and below, the voltages of 35 kV AC cable can be transformed to ±50 kV, ±30 kV and below, the voltages of 10 kV AC cable can be transformed to ±20 kV, ±10 kV and below. Although one of three phases is idle, the capacity of transmission line has improved effectively, and the idle phase could be an alternate to enhance the reliability. Compared with AC operation, the maximum transmission capacity of DC operation increased on different levels. The design results and the approaches of AC‐DC conversion in this paper can contribute a valuable recommendation to the electrical engineering field.
Research on optimal matching of renewable energy power generation system and ship power system
Authors: Cheng Peng , Pan Tao , Li Ruiye , Liang Ning
Published: April 2022

In order to realize the comprehensive utilization of multiple energy sources in renewable energy ships and improve the utilization rate of renewable energy and system economy, this paper studies the matching and optimization of renewable energy power generation system and ship power system. Firstly, the structure of renewable energy ship power system is introduced. Considering the natural conditions and the actual situation of the ship for the first time, the wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation and energy storage devices are configured in the ship power system. The objective function including system annual average cost and system reliability index is established. The constraint conditions are determined, and the system energy scheduling strategy is proposed. Then, the influence of the introduction of renewable energy generation system and energy storage device on the ship power system is analyzed. Finally, particle swarm optimization and improved algorithm are used to optimize and solve the configuration problem. The relationship between the loss of power supply probability and energy excess percentage in ship power system is analyzed for the first time, which provides a reference for the optimal allocation scheme of actual ship. The results are helpful to improve the economy and system reliability of renewable energy ships.
Reaktive Arthritis
Authors: Rihl Markus , Kuipers Jens G.
Published: April 2022

Die reaktive Arthritis (ReA) ist definiert als sterile Gelenkentzündung, die innerhalb von Tagen bis Wochen nach einer extraartikulären bakteriellen Infektion (Primärinfektion) auftritt. Die häufigsten auslösenden Infektionen stellen eine Urethritis durch Chlamydia trachomatis bzw. eine Gastroenteritis durch Enterobakterien, seltener respiratorische Infekte, dar. Die Erreger oder Erregerbestandteile persistieren im Gelenk, sind aber im Gegensatz zur septisch-bakteriellen Arthritis nicht aus dem Gelenk anzüchtbar. Die typische artikuläre Manifestation der HLA-B27-assoziierten ReA, die zur Gruppe der Spondyloarthritiden (SpA) gezählt wird, ist die asymmetrische Oligoarthritis der unteren Extremität; seltener sind der Befall des Achsenskelettes oder extraartikuläre Manifestationen wie Enthesitis oder Iritis. Die Arthritis ist zu Beginn oft sehr schmerzhaft und hochentzündlich und zumeist selbstlimitierend. Chronische Verläufe, die nicht ausreichend auf symptomatische Therapie ansprechen, treten in bis zu 30 % der Patienten auf; für diese Formen sind immunmodulierende Therapien reserviert. Eine zunehmende Zahl von Fallbeschreibungen und kleineren, prospektiven Untersuchungen zeigen eine sehr gute Wirksamkeit von Biologika wie TNF-α-, IL6- und IL17-Inhibitoren.
Borreliose
Authors: Craig-Müller Nils , Venhoff Nils
Published: April 2022

Die Lyme-Borreliose mit sehr unterschiedlichen Krankheitsmanifestationen wird durch verschiedene Erreger des Genus Borrelia verursacht. Borrelien werden (in Deutschland) durch die Schildzecke Ixodes ricinus übertragen. Einblicke in die Pathophysiologie erlauben ein besseres Verständnis von Krankheitsmanifestation, Diagnostik und Therapie der Borreliose. Abhängig vom jeweiligen Erreger (Spezies und Genotyp) können sich die Bakterien lokal vermehren oder auch in unterschiedliche Organe verteilen. Durch verschiedene Mechanismen entziehen sich Borrelien dem Zugriff durch unser Immunsystem, was zu einer starken jedoch ineffizienten Immunantwort führen kann. Die Symptome werden fast ausschließlich durch diese Immunantwort verursacht, was die Lyme-Borreliose zu einer wichtigen Differenzialdiagnose in der Rheumatologie macht. Neben der Klinik, Diagnostik und Therapie der Lyme-Borreliose befasst sich dieser Beitrag mit der Pathophysiologie, was über ein besseres Verstehen der Erkrankung zu Fehlervermeidung im klinischen Alltag führen dürfte.
Septische Arthritis nativer Gelenke
Authors: Jabsen Johanna , Seitz Sebastian
Published: April 2022

Die septische Arthritis ist eine durch Infektionserreger ausgelöste entzündliche Gelenkerkrankung. Sie stellt einen klinischen Notfall dar und ist daher schnell und sicher von Differenzialdiagnosen abzugrenzen. Die klinischen Symptome umfassen die typischen Entzündungszeichen meist nur eines Gelenks. Eine rasche Diagnostik ist von großer Bedeutung für den Therapieerfolg und damit der Abwendung von irreversiblen Schäden. Goldstandard in der Diagnostik ist die Punktion mit Gewinnung von Synovialflüssigkeit sowie die Labor- und mikrobiologische Untersuchung. Entscheidend für die erfolgreiche Therapie ist eine frühzeitige Einleitung einer antimikrobiellen erregerspezifischen Behandlung nach Probeentnahme sowie die operative Sanierung des Gelenks.
Reducing Perinatal Mortality in India: Two-Years Results of the IRIA Fetal Radiology Samrakshan Program
Authors: Choorakuttil Rijo M. , Rajalingam Bavaharan , Satarkar Shilpa R. , Sharma Lalit K. , Gupta Anjali , Baghel Akanksha , Jain Neelam , Palanisamy Devarajan , Shenoy Ramesh , Senthilvel Karthik , Dhankar Sandhya , Aneja Kavita , Dwivedi Somya , Nagar Shweta , Soni Sonali Kimmatkar , Chhajer Gulab , Pradeep Sunitha , Onkar Prashant M. , Skandhan Avni K.P. , Rajput Eesha , Sharma Renu , Shentar Srinivas , Saboo Suresh , Antony Amel , Nair M.R. Balachandran , Patekar Tejashree Y. , Ahuja Bhupendra , Patel Hemant , Kunnumal Mohanan , Sodani Rajendra K. , Rao M.V. Kameswar , Bhatele Pushparaj , Kavthale Sandeep , Patkar Deepak , Singh Rajeev , Chelladurai Amarnath , Nirmalan Praveen K.
Published: April 2022

Aim The aim of the study is to determine improvements in perinatal mortality at the end of the first 2 years from the initiation of the Samrakshan program of the Indian Radiological and Imaging Association.

Methods Samrakshan is a screening program of pregnant women that uses trimester-specific risk assessment protocols including maternal demographics, mean arterial pressure, and fetal Doppler studies to classify women as high risk or low risk for preterm preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR). Low dose aspirin 150 mg daily once at bedtime was started for pregnant women identified as high risk in the 11–136/7 weeks screening. The third-trimester screening focused on the staging of FGR and protocol-based management for childbirth and risk assessment for PE. Outcomes of childbirth including gestational age at delivery, development of PE, and perinatal mortality outcomes were collected.

Results Radiologists from 38 districts of 16 states of India participated in the Samrakshan program that screened 2,816 first trimester, 3,267 second trimester, and 3,272 third trimester pregnant women, respectively. At 2 years, preterm PE was identified in 2.76%, preterm births in 19.28%, abnormal Doppler study in 25.76% of third trimester pregnancies, and 75.32% of stage 1 FGR delivered at term. The neonatal mortality rate was 9.86/1,000 live births, perinatal mortality rate was 18.97/1,000 childbirths, and maternal mortality was 58/100,000 live births compared with 29.5, 36, and 113, respectively in 2016.

Conclusion Fetal Doppler integrated antenatal ultrasound studies in Samrakshan led to a significant reduction in preterm PE rates, preterm birth rates, and a significant improvement in mean birth weights. Perinatal, neonatal, and maternal mortality rates are significantly better than the targets for 2030 set by the Sustainable Development Goals-3.
Resection of an Extraovarian Noniuteinized Thecoma in a 14-Year-Old Girl
Authors: Aubert Ophelia , Wachowiak Robin , Roth Christian , Höhn Anne K. , Lacher Martin , Mayer Steffi
Published: April 2022

Thecomas are rare benign sex cord-stromal tumors that account for less than 1% of all ovarian tumors. They usually affect postmenopausal women and become symptomatic with abnormal bleeding. In adolescents, less than 10 cases have been reported so far, mainly with symptoms of hormonal disbalance. Extraovarian thecomas represent an even rarer entity, with only two cases described so far, none of them in the pediatric population.

We report the case of a 14-year-old girl who presented with sudden-onset abdominal pain, dysuria, and fever, as well as highly elevated serum inflammation parameters. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a large, inhomogeneous pelvic mass (16 cm × 9 cm × 13 cm) with indistinct margins, suggestive of an infiltrative malignant teratoma or sarcoma. Laparoscopy confirmed a large mass of unknown origin. In contrast to the infiltrative character seen on preoperative MRI, the tumor could be easily exteriorized and resected after conversion to laparotomy. Ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus remained unaffected. Histopathology revealed a benign nonluteinized thecoma. The postoperative course and 19-month follow-up were uneventful.
A Way to Start Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision for Rectal Cancer
Authors: Martins Ruben , Revez Tatiana , Morais Henrique , Henriques Pedro , Cardoso Nicole , Manso Isabel , Leote Lina , Santos Martins dos
Published: April 2022

Introduction The optimal rectal cancer care is achieved by a multidisciplinary approach, with a high-quality surgical resection, with complete mesorectal excision and adequate margins. New approaches like the transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) aim to achieve these goals, maximizing the sphincter preservation ratio, with good oncologic and functional results. This report describes a way to implement TaTME without a proctor, presents the first case series of this approach in a center experienced in rectal cancer, and compares the results with those of the international literature.

Methods We performed a retrospective study of the first 10 consecutive patients submitted to TaTME for rectal cancer at our institution. The primary outcomes were postoperative complications, pathological specimen quality and local recurrence rate. The results and performance were compared with the outcomes of a known structured program with proctorship and with the largest meta-analysis on this topic.

Results All patients had locally advanced cancer; therefore, all underwent neoadjuvant therapy. A total of 30% had postoperative complications, without mortality or re-admissions. In comparison with the structured training program referred, no differences were found in postoperative complications and reintervention rates, resulting in a similar quality of resection. Comparing these results with those of the largest meta-analysis on the subject, no differences in the postoperative complication rates were found, and very similar outcomes regarding anastomotic leaks and oncological quality of resection were registered.

Conclusion The results of this study validate the safety and effectiveness of our pathway regarding the implementation of the TaTME approach, highlighting the fact that it should be done in a center with proficiency in minimally invasive rectal surgery.
An Analysis of the Diversity and Inclusion Content Featured on Ophthalmology Residency Program Web Sites
Authors: Cohen Samuel A. , Cohen Landon E. , Pershing Suzann
Published: April 2022

Introduction Ophthalmology departments have been stated to be among the least diverse clinical departments at United States medical schools. Improvement requires recruiting a pipeline of diverse trainees. Residency program Web sites represent a potential diversity and inclusion recruitment tool. This study assesses how ophthalmology residency program Web sites demonstrate a commitment to diversity and inclusion.

Methods We analyzed the diversity and inclusion content of 116 ophthalmology residency program Web sites in April 2021. Main outcome measures were the presence of 12 diversity and inclusion elements on program Web sites, based on prior work and Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education guidelines: nondiscrimination statement, diversity and inclusion message, community resources, extended faculty or resident biographies (including hobbies, etc.), faculty photos, resident photos, additional financial resources for trainees, wellness resources, mental health resources, health disparities/community engagement, and diversity council. We used Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests to assess whether residency program characteristics such as rank, size, university affiliation, and geographic location were associated with commitment to diversity and inclusion on affiliated residency Web sites.

Results Ophthalmology residency program Web sites included a mean of 4.4 ± 2.1 diversity elements. Sixteen percent of programs featured more than half (7 + ) of the evaluated diversity elements. The most featured common diversity elements included resident photos (85.3%), faculty photos (78.4%), and community resources (64.3%). Extended faculty biographies (2.6%), mental health resources (9.5%), and diversity council information (11.2%) were less commonly showcased. Top-ranked programs (7.6 ± 1.8, p < 0.0001) and university-based/-affiliated programs (4.7 ± 2.8, p = 0.0039) displayed more diversity elements than lower-ranked (4.1 ± 1.8) and community-based programs (2.8 ± 1.7).

Conclusion Most ophthalmology residency program Web sites feature less than half of the 12 diversity and inclusion elements included in this study, suggesting room for improvement. By drawing attention to program diversity and inclusion efforts, Web sites offer a potential tool for residency programs to consider in their recruitment efforts for diverse trainees. Incorporating the diversity and inclusion elements analyzed in this study represents a low-burden way to signal a greater commitment to diversity that could help programs recruit diverse applicants.
Bipolar Lumbar Radiofrequency Medial Branch Neurotomy in a Patient with Deep Brain Stimulation Implant
Authors: Bara Gregor A. , Salemdawod Abdallah , Vychopen Martin , Rana Shaleen , Vatter Hartmut , Maciaczyk Jaroslaw , Scorzin Jasmin , Banat Mohammed
Published: April 2022

Chronic axial lower back pain is one of the most common conditions that patients seek medical attention for in pain practices. About 15 to 40% of axial lower back pain is due to facet-mediated pain. Diagnostic blocks of the medial branch reliably identify the facet joint as the pain generator and offer a prognostic factor for response to radiofrequency neurotomy of the identified facet joints resulting in profound pain relief. However, deep brain stimulation implants have been considered a contraindication for neurotomy. We present an illustrative case of a patient with deep brain stimulation system treated with bipolar medial branch neurotomy using a two-needle technique.
The Development of the Mesenteric Model of Abdominal Anatomy
Authors: Byrnes Kevin Gerard , Cullivan Orla , Walsh Dara , Coffey J. Calvin
Published: April 2022

Recent advances in mesenteric anatomy have clarified the shape of the mesentery in adulthood. A key finding is the recognition of mesenteric continuity, which extends from the oesophagogastric junction to the mesorectal level. All abdominal digestive organs develop within, or on, the mesentery and in adulthood remain directly connected to the mesentery. Identification of mesenteric continuity has enabled division of the abdomen into two separate compartments. These are the mesenteric domain (upon which the abdominal digestive system is centered) and the non-mesenteric domain, which comprises the urogenital system, musculoskeletal frame, and great vessels. Given this anatomical endpoint differs significantly from conventional descriptions, a reappraisal of mesenteric developmental anatomy was recently performed. The following narrative review summarizes recent advances in abdominal embryology and mesenteric morphogenesis. It also examines the developmental basis for compartmentalizing the abdomen into two separate domains along mesenteric lines.
The Rates of Cement Leakage Following Vertebroplasty in Osteoporotic versus Metastatic Disease
Authors: Saad Ahmed , Botchu Rajesh , James Steven
Published: April 2022

Introduction Percutaneous vertebroplasty is used for symptomatic osteoporotic fractures and osteolytic neoplasms. We performed a retrospective study to analyze the pattern of leaks in the two cohorts.

Material and Methods Vertebroplasties performed over a 7-year period at a tertiary orthopaedic center were included in the study and divided into osteoporotic and neoplastic groups. The incidence and pattern of cement leaks in each group were documented and analyzed.

Results There were 75 leaks of a cohort of 211 vertebroplasties with a relatively equal proportion in osteoporotic and neoplastic groups. The incidence of discal leaks was comparable between the two groups. Lateral and posterior leaks were more common in the neoplastic group.

Conclusion We report the incidence and type of leaks in osteoporotic and neoplastic groups. Understanding the fracture pattern and preoperative management are both essential in preventing cement leakage. Using highly viscous cement or allowing the cement to harden prior to injection, with use of low pressure, decreases the risk and incidence of cement leakage.