bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Un lignage aristocratique d’envergure internationale dans l’Europe du XIXe siècle. La Maison d’Arenberg
Authors: Goujon Bertrand
Published: November 2014

Bertrand Goujon, Een aristocratisch geslacht met internationale vertakkingen in het Europa van de 19de eeuw : het Huis Arenberg

De aristocratische families die tot de Europese toplaag behoren, zijn op verschillende plaatsen gevestigd en voelen zich met verschillende landen en culturen verbonden. Het Huis Arenberg laat toe om dit op een unieke wijze te vatten. Vandaag wordt die Europese uitstraling als een wezenlijk onderdeel van de familiale identiteit ervaren, maar in de 19de eeuw lag dit supranationaal identiteitsbesef moeilijker en ging het gepaard met heel wat onzekerheid en twijfel. Na de revolutionaire periode werd de familie geconfronteerd met een veranderende economische, sociale en politieke omgeving, waardoor de familiale positie op het spel werd gezet. Om haar vermogen, macht en prestige te handhaven werd de familie gedwongen tot een behendig heen en weer laveren, tot een herziening van de dynastieke loyauteit en van de nationale opties, wat soms tot tegengestelde keuzes kon leiden. De verschillende dimensies van de gevoerde strategieën tonen aan dat de keuze van meerdere vestigingsplaatsen geleidelijk aan wordt prijsgegeven omdat het niet langer verenigbaar is met de ontplooiing van de nationale staten. Ook de uitbeelding en de praktijk van de machtsuitoefening worden anders ingevuld door de herontdekking van de lokale verankering als notabele.
Antimicrobial profile of Salmonella enterica serotype Choleraesuis from free-range swine in Kakamega fish market, western Kenya
Authors: Onyango David M , Ndeda Violet Mmbone , Wandili Sarah A , Wawire Sifuna A , Ochieng Phillip
Published: November 2014

Introduction: Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Choleraesuis is a host-adapted, facultative, intracellular pathogen that causes swine paratyphoid. Its antimicrobial resistance presents a challenge to feed manufacturing industries. However, stopping antibiotics in animal feed would have economic implications for the industry. Methodology: Conventional microbial methods for isolation and identification of S. Choleraesuis were employed. The isolates were subjected to screening against 17 antimicrobial agents and genotyping of resistance markers by PCR. The data were then analyzed and presented in percentages. Results: Phenotypically, 43 out of 95 isolates showed multidrug resistance. Among the 17 antibiotics tested, resistance was observed as follows: sulphonamides (45.2%), nalidixic acid (44.25%), tetracycline (42%), ampicillin (36.8%), erythromycin (34.7%), carbenicillin (31.5%), chrolamphenical (28.4%), gentamicin (27.3%), kanamycin (24.2%), spectinomycin (21%), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (16.8%), streptomycin (12.6%), cephalothion (8.4%), ofloxacin (5.2%), ciprofloxacin (4.2%), and norfloxacin (4.2%). Fifty-two isolates were susceptible to the antimicrobial agents tested. A total of 3.1% of the isolates had the integron gene pattern combination of dfrA2-aadA2 (2100 bp), dfrA12 (2100 bp); 4.2% had dfrA12-aadA2-sulI (2100 bp); 2.1% had dfrA12-aadA2 (2100 bp); and 1% had dfrA2-aadA2-sulI (2100 bp), oxa1-aadA2 (1500 bp), dfrA12-aadA2-sulI, and blaPSE (2100 bp). Conclusions: The isolated S. Choleraesuis were resistant to more than 10% of the antimicrobial agents used in this study. Appropriate surveillance is warranted to gain more information about the epidemiology, as stopping antibiotics in animal feed would have economic implications for the industry.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in burn patients in Sulaimaniyah, Iraq: risk factors and antibiotic resistance rates
Authors: Othman Nasih , Babakir-Mina Muhammed , Noori Chia Kamil , Rashid Parihan Yahya
Published: November 2014

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The tip of the iceberg: a distinctive new spotted-wing Megaselia species (Diptera: Phoridae) from a tropical cloud forest survey and a new, streamlined method for Megaselia descriptions
Authors: Hartop Emily , Brown Brian
Published: November 2014

A new Megaselia species, M. shadeae, with a large, central, pigmented and bubble-like wing spot and a greatly enlarged radial wing vein fork, is described from Zurquí de Moravia, Costa Rica. As part of the Zurquí All Diptera Biodiversity Inventory (ZADBI) project, it represents the first of an incredible number of new phorid species to be described from this one Costa Rican cloud forest site. A new, streamlined method of description for species of this enormous genus of phorid flies is presented.
Ad Libitum Fluid Consumption via Self- or External Administration
Authors: Yeargin Susan W. , Finn Megan E. , Eberman Lindsey E. , Gage Matthew J. , McDermott Brendon P. , Niemann Andrew
Published: November 2014

Context:

During team athletic events, athletic trainers commonly provide fluids with water bottles. When a limited number of water bottles exist, various techniques are used to deliver fluids.

Objective:

To determine whether fluid delivered via water-bottle administration influenced fluid consumption and hydration status.

Design:

Crossover study.

Setting:

Outdoor field (22.2°C ± 3.5°C).

Patients or Other Participants:

Nineteen participants (14 men, 5 women, age = 30 ± 10 years, height = 176 ± 8 cm, mass = 72.5 ± 10 kg) were recruited from the university and local running clubs.

Intervention(s):

The independent variable was fluid delivery with 3 levels: self-administration with mouth-to-bottle direct contact (SA-DC), self-administration with no contact between mouth and bottle (SA-NC), and external administration with no contact between the mouth and the bottle (EA-NC). Participants warmed up for 10 minutes before completing 5 exercise stations, after which an ad libitum fluid break was given, for a total of 6 breaks.

Main Outcome Measure(s):

We measured the fluid variables of total volume consumed, total number of squirts, and average volume per squirt. Hydration status via urine osmolality and body-mass loss, and perceptual variables for thirst and fullness were recorded. We calculated repeated-measures analyses of variance to assess hydration status, fluid variables, and perceptual measures to analyze conditions across time.

Results:

The total volume consumed for EA-NC was lower than for SA-DC (P = .001) and SA-NC (P = .001). The total number of squirts for SA-DC was lower than for SA-NC (P = .009). The average volume per squirt for EA-NC was lower than for SA-DC (P = .020) and SA-NC (P = .009). Participants arrived (601.0 ± 21.3 mOsm/L) and remained (622.3 ± 38.3 mOsm/L) hydrated, with no difference between conditions (P = .544); however, the EA-NC condition lost more body mass than did the SA-DC condition (P = .001). There was no main effect for condition on thirst (P = .147) or fullness (P = .475).

Conclusions:

External administration of fluid decreased total volume consumed via a decreased average volume per squirt. The SA-DC method requires fewer squirts within a specific time frame. Fluid breaks every 15 minutes resulted in maintenance of euhydration; however, loss of body mass was influenced by fluid administration. Athletic trainers should avoid external administration to promote positive hydration behaviors. When fluid is self-administered, individual bottles may be the best clinical practice because more volume can be consumed per squirt.
Social networking experiences on Facebook: A survey of gender differences amongst students
Authors: Wiese Melanie , Lauer Juanne , Pantazis George , Samuels Jade
Published: November 2014

Orientation: Students’ membership and participation in social networking sites, such as Facebook, has increased in recent years.Research purpose: The study examined students’ access to social network sites and compared male and female students’ usage of Facebook with regards to time commitment, privacy concerns, and the creation and/or maintenance of relationships.Motivation: The study adds to the existing academic literature on this topic by providing a South African perspective.Research design, approach and method: Two-hundred self-administered questionnaires were distributed using convenience sampling. The statistical analysis that was used included Mann-Whitney U-test, t-test and ANOVA analysis.Main findings: Students connect to social networking sites everyday primarily via their mobile phones. Female students reported spending more time on Facebook whilst at the same time expressing more concern for their privacy. Moreover, students were found to use Facebook to maintain existing offline friendships more so than creating new relationships.Managerial implications: Social networking sites such as Facebook play an important role in students’ everyday interpersonal communication. Practically, Facebook provides lecturers, parents and businesses the opportunity to communicate with students in a fast and cost-effective way. Therefore, insight into the variables studied could help marketers and Social Network Site operators to manage privacy concerns in order to effectively target, advertise and communicate with students.Contribution: Although past research has concentrated on the study of Facebook in terms of privacy and members’ uses little research has been conducted on gender differences in this regard, more so within a South African context. Furthermore demographic variables such as gender influence motives and behaviour, as such making the analysis demographics essential.
Bovine trypanosomosis and its fly vectors in three selected settlement areas of Hawa-Gelan district, western Ethiopia
Authors: Lelisa Kumela , Shimeles Shihun , Bekele Jemere , Sheferaw Desie
Published: November 2014

A cross-sectional study aimed at investigating the species diversity of fly vectors and estimating the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis was carried out from October 2009 to May 2010 in selected settlement areas of the Hawa-Gelan district in the western Wollega zone of Ethiopia. Standard methods of sampling and identification were employed for both entomological and parasitological examination. Three species of the genus Glossina (Glossina pallidipes, Glossina morsitans submorsitans and Glossina fuscipes) and two genera of biting flies (Stomoxys and Tabanus) were caught and identified. The overall apparent density of Glossina species caught was 10.5 flies per trap per day, with a higher proportion of female flies (57.2%). Out of a total 389 cattle examined, 42 (10.8%; 95% CI: 7.89% – 14.3%) were found infected with trypanosomes. Three trypanosome species were detected in the study area, namely Trypanosoma congolense (54.8%), Trypanosoma brucei (23.8%) and Trypanosoma vivax (21.4%). The prevalence of trypanosomosis was found to be significantly (p < 0.05) higher in cattle with poor body condition. There was an association between mean packed cell volume (PCV) and the occurrence of parasitaemia (χ2 = 49.5, p < 0.05). About 95.2% of cattle that were positive for trypanosomes had a PCV less than the lower limit for cattle. Considering the current result, bovine trypanosomosis seems to be a serious constraint for agricultural activities in the settlement areas of the Hawa-Gelan district and seems to be associated with the presence of Glossina species. Therefore, application of control methods through community involvement to reduce the Glossina species infestation level is likely to increase animal productivity.
Comparison of polymerase chain reaction and Warthin-Starry techniques to detect Leptospira spp. in kidneys of slaughtered cattle
Authors: Azizi Shahrzad , Kheirandish Reza , Rahimi Elham
Published: November 2014

Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease that is caused by Gram-negative spirochaetes, Leptospira species. Affected animals excrete the organism in the urine into the environment and act as a source of infection. Cattle are maintenance hosts for some serovars of leptospirosis and are important in the transmission of the infection to humans. At post mortem examination, affected cattle show white spots in their kidneys but these are not specific for leptospirosis. Sometimes it is necessary that leptospirosis be diagnosed in the carcass. Different direct methods, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Warthin-Starry silver stain (WS), immunofluorescence (IF) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) can be used in order to diagnose leptospirosis in the affected tissues, such as kidney. The main advantage of the WS technique is direct visualisation of the bacteria in the tissue samples. Silver staining is useful for retrospective studies on formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded samples but little information is available on the sensitivity and specificity of the technique. The present study aimed to find a simple and inexpensive method that can be used in any laboratory and that also, if clinical samples are not available, can detect Leptospira in tissue samples post mortem. This study was performed on 19 paraffin-embedded kidneys of slaughtered cows that grossly had focal to multifocal white spots. Leptospirosis was confirmed in these samples with PCR based on the LipL32 gene. Out of 19 PCR positive kidneys, Leptospira was identified in 13 stained samples by WS. The kidneys revealed different grades of interstitial nephritis. No relationship was found between severity of lesions and presence of leptospires in the kidneys. The PCR results on the urine and blood were consistent with matching WS stained kidneys. Out of 13 kidneys that were positive with silver staining, 7 matching blood and 10 matching urine samples were confirmed positive for leptospirosis with PCR. In this study, the WS technique provided fewer positive results than PCR. This may be as a result of a low burden of Leptospira in the kidney, but the sensitivity of WS staining needs more investigation.
Discovering Citizens Reaction Toward E-Government: Factors in E-Government Adoption
Authors: Alomari Mohammad Kamel
Published: November 2014

E-government has been considered as one approach for changing the face of government in the eyes of the citizenry. Therefore, citizens’ socialization in relation to their engagement with e-government should be explored. This study argues that citizens played a significant role in determining the success of an e-government project in the Middle Eastern country of Jordan. This paper aims to provide insight and evaluation into the factors that could influence e-government’s effective functioning in the Jordanian social community through its interaction with citizens. The study collected data from 356 Jordanian citizens via a survey, to ascertain their understanding of 10 factors that may influence their intention to use e-government services. To investigate the adoption of e-government services in depth, two departments in Jordan were selected: the Jordanian Government’s Income and Sales Tax Department (ISTD) and its Driver and Vehicle Licenses Department (DVDL). The factor analysis technique was used to identify the main factors related to e-government services’ adoption. The results indicated that trust in the internet, website design, religious beliefs, internet and computer skill confidence, word of mouth, resistance to change, perceived usefulness, relative advantage and complexity are the main factors that should be considered when addressing the topic of e-government services’ adoption in Jordan. This study is different from most existing studies on e-government adoption as it empirically investigated the impact of word of mouth (WOM), wasta (favoritism), and resistance to change on e-government adoption. This study highlights the importance of considering the social cohesion of the Jordanian community when exploring factors related to e-government adoption.
Use of the Rfid Technology to Overcome Inefficiencies in the Production Process: an Analysis of a Microcomputer Company in Ilhéus – Bahia
Authors: Araújo Filho Frederico Wergne de Castro , Travassos X. L. , Figueiredo Paulo S.
Published: November 2014

This paper presents a methodology for the integration of RFID technology into microcomputer assembly companies. Such a technology enables inventory control, tracking of parts/products and customer satisfaction. The methodology was developed to identify and evaluate the production process in an assembly company and to apply the process FMEA to evaluate potential faults and propose improvement actions for the use of RFID technology. The methodology was validated in a company from the Pólo de Informática de Ilhéus/BA. In this study, the viability of RFID technology for inventory control and traceability of the product was confirmed. Among the benefits obtained were the reduction of one of the workers from the inventory team, reduction in the costs of substituting a component, and reduction in lead-time.
Hernia Pulmonar Secundaria a la Colocación de Tubo de Tórax en Paciente con Hemotórax Traumático
Authors: Sasson Morris , Andrade-Alegre Rafael
Published: November 2014

La mayoría de las hernias pulmonares son congénitas, traumáticas o post-quirúrgicas. Hay muy pocos casos reportados secundarios a la colocación de tubo de tórax. Presentamos el caso de una hernia pulmonar luego del retiro del tubo de tórax en un paciente con hemotórax secundario a trauma penetrante.

How to cite this article

Sasson M, Andrade-Alegre R. Hernia Pulmonar Secundaria a la Colocación de Tubo de Tórax en Paciente con Hemotórax Traumático. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2014;3(2):82-84.
Future perspectives as a condition of positive adaptation of young adults after traumatic experience
Authors: Farnicka Marzanna
Published: November 2014

Background

The paper presents the results of a study on the possible role of sense of influencing one’s life and expectations towards the future as a personal condition of adaptation. In accordance with the theory of formulation of temporal perspectives, these variables were assumed to be related to construction of the psychological reality of the subjects.

Participants and procedure

The study involved 162 adults in two groups, with traumatic experience and without such experience, aged 18-35. The tools used in the study included: Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES), Boszkiewicz Questionnaire: Life Experience Questionnaire, events evaluation and expectations of changes in the future.

Results

The study revealed significant differences between people from the two groups in the scope of self-evaluation, sense of influence on events and future expectations.

Conclusions

The results pointed to the need for adjustment of therapeutic and preventive treatment to future expectations, evaluation of events and the current stage of development, as indicated by personal conditions of adaptation.
Unfulfilled parenthood in the eyes of young adults
Authors: Kalus Alicja , Kiełek-Rataj Ewa
Published: November 2014

Background

The goal of the study was to present young adults’ perceptions of the experience of loss of a child at different stages of its prenatal development, as well as the level of declared support for couples after the loss.

Participants and procedure

The study used a scenario method based on the method by Claudia Lapman and Seana Dowling-Guyer (1995), translated into Polish by Joanna Szymańska (2013). One of the Berlin Social Support Scales (BSSS, Łyszczyńska, Kowalska, Mazurkiewicz, & Schwarzer, 2006) was also used. One hundred ninety two young adults (mean age = 26.76, SD = 4.64) took part in the research, mainly university students of technical subjects and humanities.

Results

The study showed that couples who lost their child, regardless of the stage at which it occurred (miscarriage or fetal death), were assessed more frequently as caring, loving, tender and sensitive, in comparison to couples for whom there was no mention of a child at all. Women who lost their child at a later stage (after the 22nd week of pregnancy) were assessed significantly more frequently as relaxed, less lonely, calm and more self-confident than women who miscarried. The results were similar to those for women from the control scenario, where there was no mention of a child at all. In terms of declared support, the subjects declared significantly higher emotional support (expressing empathy, care, trust, intimacy, allowing for self-expression, etc.) for couples who experienced the loss at a later stage of pregnancy than in the control scenario, as well as a higher level of instrumental support (providing material goods, solving difficult tasks together) for couples who experienced miscarriage than the controls.

Conclusions

The experience of miscarriage and dealing with the loss is met with lower levels of empathy from the social environment, and, presumably, lower acceptance for grief. It seems important to sensitize people to the experiences of couples who have experienced a miscarriage. It is also important to theoretically and practically prepare psychologists and medical personnel, as well as to develop written guidelines.
Measurement of women’s prenatal attitudes towards maternity and pregnancy and analysis of their predictors
Authors: Ilska Michalina , Przybyła-Basista Hanna
Published: November 2014

Background

Research shows that the ability of a woman to adapt to motherhood can be influenced by her attitude towards motherhood and the unborn child during pregnancy. The main goal of the current article is to analyse the maternal attitudes shaped during the prenatal period of the child’s development. This goal was associated with fulfilling two research tasks. The first task was to adapt a tool to measure prenatal attitudes towards motherhood and pregnancy to Polish conditions, including some modifications of the tool, and to present the results of that adaptation. The second research task was to investigate selected factors influencing the development of prenatal attitudes.

Participants and procedure

The study was carried out in two stages. The first stage of the research, conducted with 227 pregnant women, was to adapt the PRE-MAMA questionnaire. All of the subjects were primiparous women aged between 18 and 39 years (M = 26.84), inhabitants of southern Poland. 137 pregnant women from the Silesian Voivodeship in Poland were questioned in the second part of the study. These women were divided into two groups (68 women with a normal course of pregnancy and 69 women with high-risk pregnancies). The mean age of the women approached 30 years (M = 29.78).

Results

The results of the first stage of the current research indicate satisfactory psychometric properties of the Kwestionariusz Postaw wobec Macierzyństwa i Ciąży (Polish for: Attitudes towards Motherhood and Pregnancy Questionnaire, abbreviated as PRE-MAMA), composed of 11 statements. Stepwise multiple regression analysis used in the second stage of research revealed that predictors of attitudes towards motherhood and pregnancy include prenatal worries of the pregnant women, planning of the pregnancy and a medical history of miscarriage.

Conclusions

Our research points at two important results. First, the PRE-MAMA questionnaire was assessed positively, and it can be stated that this tool can be used in further scientific research concerned with the issues of functioning of pregnant women and their attitudes towards motherhood and pregnancy. Second, the preliminary results suggest, among other things, the importance of fears/concerns, perception of the pregnancy as planned or unplanned as well as previously experienced miscarriages for the formation of women’s attitudes towards motherhood and pregnancy.
Diet in hyperurykemia and gout – myths and facts
Authors: Grygiel-Górniak Bogna , Puszczewicz Mariusz J.
Published: November 2014

Wpływ zwyczajów żywieniowych na rozwój dny moczanowej jest opisywany od ponad stu lat, jednak obecnie weryfikuje się wiele opinii, które nie były do tej pory poparte badaniami epidemiologicznymi lub klinicznymi. Promowanie prozdrowotnych zachowań żywieniowych, utrzymanie prawidłowej masy ciała oraz odpowiedni sposób żywienia są czynnikami sprzyjającymi obniżeniu stężenia kwasu moczowego w surowicy. Dieta w dnie moczanowej powinna być prawidłowo zbilansowana pod względem ilości poszczególnych składników odżywczych, powinna zawierać nie tylko produkty ubogopurynowe, lecz także alkalizujące i bogate w antyoksydanty, a także dostarczać odpowiednią ilość płynów. W pracy przedstawiono najnowsze doniesienia dotyczące zaleceń żywieniowych w dnie moczanowej poparte badaniami klinicznymi lub epidemiologicznymi.
HO2NO2 and HNO3 in the coastal Antarctic winter night: a "lab-in-the-field" experiment
Authors: Jones A. E. , Brough N. , Anderson P. S. , Wolff E. W.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. Observations of peroxynitric acid (HO2NO2) and nitric acid (HNO3) were made during a 4 month period of Antarctic winter darkness at the coastal Antarctic research station, Halley. Mixing ratios of HNO3 ranged from instrumental detection limits to ~8 parts per trillion by volume (pptv), and of HO2NO2 from detection limits to ~5 pptv; the average ratio of HNO3 : HO2NO2 was 2.0(± 0.6) : 1, with HNO3 always present at greater mixing ratios than HO2NO2 during the winter darkness. An extremely strong association existed for the entire measurement period between mixing ratios of the respective trace gases and temperature: for HO2NO2, R2 = 0.72, and for HNO3, R2 = 0.70. We focus on three cases with considerable variation in temperature, where wind speeds were low and constant, such that, with the lack of photochemistry, changes in mixing ratio were likely to be driven by physical mechanisms alone. We derived enthalpies of adsorption (ΔHads) for these three cases. The average ΔHads for HNO3 was −42 ± 2 kJ mol−1 and for HO2NO2 was −56 ± 1 kJ mol−1; these values are extremely close to those derived in laboratory studies. This exercise demonstrates (i) that adsorption to/desorption from the snow pack should be taken into account when addressing budgets of boundary layer HO2NO2 and HNO3 at any snow-covered site, and (ii) that Antarctic winter can be used as a natural "laboratory in the field" for testing data on physical exchange mechanisms.
Application of GPS radio occultation to the assessment of temperature profile retrievals from microwave and infrared sounders
Authors: Feltz M. , Knuteson R. , Ackerman S. , Revercomb H.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. Comparisons of satellite temperature profile products from GPS radio occultation (RO) and hyperspectral infrared (IR)/microwave (MW) sounders are made using a previously developed matchup technique. The profile matchup technique matches GPS RO and IR/MW sounder profiles temporally, within 1 h, and spatially, taking into account the unique RO profile geometry and theoretical spatial resolution by calculating a ray-path averaged sounder profile. The comparisons use the GPS RO dry temperature product. Sounder minus GPS RO differences are computed and used to calculate bias and rms profile statistics, which are created for global and 30° latitude zones for selected time periods. These statistics are created from various combinations of temperature profile data from the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere & Climate (COSMIC) network, Global Navigation Satellite System Receiver for Atmospheric Sounding (GRAS) instrument, and the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS)/Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU), Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI)/AMSU, and Crosstrack Infrared Sounder (CrIS)/Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) sounding systems. By overlaying combinations of these matchup statistics for similar time and space domains, comparisons of different sounders' products, sounder product versions, and GPS RO products can be made. The COSMIC GPS RO network has the spatial coverage, time continuity, and stability to provide a common reference for comparison of the sounder profile products. The results of this study demonstrate that GPS RO has potential to act as a common temperature reference and can help facilitate inter-comparison of sounding retrieval methods and also highlight differences among sensor product versions.
A snow cover climatology for the Pyrenees from MODIS snow products
Authors: Gascoin S. , Hagolle O. , Huc M. , Jarlan L. , Dejoux J.-F. , Szczypta C. , Marti R. , Sánchez R.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. The seasonal snow in the Pyrenees is critical for hydropower production, crop irrigation and tourism in France, Spain and Andorra. Complementary to in situ observations, satellite remote sensing is useful to monitor the effect of climate on the snow dynamics. The MODIS daily snow products (Terra/MOD10A1 and Aqua/MYD10A1) are widely used to generate snow cover climatologies, yet it is preferable to assess their accuracies prior to their use. Here, we use both in situ snow observations and remote sensing data to evaluate the MODIS snow products in the Pyrenees. First, we compare the MODIS products to in situ snow depth (SD) and snow water equivalent (SWE) measurements. We estimate the values of the SWE and SD best detection thresholds to 40 mm water equivalent (we) and 105 mm respectively, for both MOD10A1 and MYD10A1. Kappa coefficients are within 0.74 and 0.92 depending on the product and the variable. Then, a set of Landsat images is used to validate MOD10A1 and MYD10A1 for 157 dates between 2002 and 2010. The resulting accuracies are 97% (κ = 0.85) for MOD10A1 and 96% (κ = 0.81) for MYD10A1, which indicates a good agreement between both datasets. The effect of vegetation on the results is analyzed by filtering the forested areas using a land cover map. As expected, the accuracies decreases over the forests but the agreement remains acceptable (MOD10A1: 96%, κ = 0.77; MYD10A1: 95%, κ = 0.67). We conclude that MODIS snow products have a sufficient accuracy for hydroclimate studies at the scale of the Pyrenees range. Using a gapfilling algorithm we generate a consistent snow cover climatology, which allows us to compute the mean monthly snow cover duration per elevation band. We finally analyze the snow patterns for the atypical winter 2011–2012. Snow cover duration anomalies reveal a deficient snowpack on the Spanish side of the Pyrenees, which seems to have caused a drop in the national hydropower production.
Integrated 3S Technology Used in Urban Grid Management
Authors: Zhao H. , Wang H. , Wu W. , Wang C.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. Sustainable development requires monitoring the state and changes of the city and providing the appropriate information to users anytime and anywhere. This paper takes Ningbo City as the research area, by utilizing two temporal (March 25, 2012 and November 25, 2013) ZY-3 satellite remote sensing data. 3S technology is used for urban grid management. The remote sensing information extraction of Ningbo City includes: extraction of building change information, extraction of green space change information, extraction of water information and analysis of eutrophication correspondingly. When extracting change information, we take "change information" as a special kind of "geographic information" to study the characteristics of different bands in multi-temporal data, and follow the first law of geography, namely adjacent similar principle. The extracted raster information is further converted into GIS vector format data as a basis for dynamic monitoring of Ningbo Urban Management systems: on the one hand, it can meet the demands of multi-source spatial data analysis (such as: overlay analysis, buffer analysis, etc.); on the other hand, it could meet the requirements of daily urban management. Dynamic monitoring system of Ningbo city management adopts the urban grid management mode. Based on GIS and GPS, grid management can satisfy the urban management mode –someone bear responsibility within the grid, somebody do the task under the supervision of the lattice, and at the same time play the role of remote sensing field surveying. To some extent, integrated 3S technology and urban grid management is a practical alternative of minimizing the uncertainty of remote sensing data and information extraction. With multi-scale and multi-dimensional remote sensing data, 3S integration and the urban grid management can monitor the urban state and its spatial-temporal changes. It’s helpful for discovery and analysis of urban problems about resources, environment, ecology and disaster, from phenomena to nature, and it is a necessary part of sustainable urbanization.
A ground moving target emergency tracking method for catastrophe rescue
Authors: Zhou X. , Li D. , Li G.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. In recent years, great disasters happen now and then. Disaster management test the emergency operation ability of the government and society all over the world. Immediately after the occurrence of a great disaster (e.g., earthquake), a massive nationwide rescue and relief operation need to be kicked off instantly. In order to improve the organizations efficiency of the emergency rescue, the organizers need to take charge of the information of the rescuer teams, including the real time location, the equipment with the team, the technical skills of the rescuers, and so on. One of the key factors for the success of emergency operations is the real time location of the rescuers dynamically. Real time tracking methods are used to track the professional rescuer teams now. But volunteers’ participation play more and more important roles in great disasters. However, real time tracking of the volunteers will cause many problems, e.g., privacy leakage, expensive data consumption, etc. These problems may reduce the enthusiasm of volunteers’ participation for catastrophe rescue. In fact, the great disaster is just small probability event, it is not necessary to track the volunteers (even rescuer teams) every time every day. In order to solve this problem, a ground moving target emergency tracking method for catastrophe rescue is presented in this paper. In this method, the handheld devices using GPS technology to provide the location of the users, e.g., smart phone, is used as the positioning equipment; an emergency tracking information database including the ID of the ground moving target (including the rescuer teams and volunteers), the communication number of the handheld devices with the moving target, and the usually living region, etc., is built in advance by registration; when catastrophe happens, the ground moving targets that living close to the disaster area will be filtered by the usually living region; then the activation short message will be sent to the selected ground moving target through the communication number of the handheld devices. The handheld devices receive and identify the activation short message, and send the current location information to the server. Therefore, the emergency tracking mode is triggered. The real time location of the filtered target can be shown on the organizer’s screen, and the organizer can assign the rescue tasks to the rescuer teams and volunteers based on their real time location. The ground moving target emergency tracking prototype system is implemented using Oracle 11g, Visual Studio 2010 C#, Android, SMS Modem, and Google Maps API.
An automated and integrated framework for dust storm detection based on ogc web processing services
Authors: Xiao F. , Shea G. Y. K. , Wong M. S. , Campbell J.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. Dust storms are known to have adverse effects on public health. Atmospheric dust loading is also one of the major uncertainties in global climatic modelling as it is known to have a significant impact on the radiation budget and atmospheric stability. The complexity of building scientific dust storm models is coupled with the scientific computation advancement, ongoing computing platform development, and the development of heterogeneous Earth Observation (EO) networks. It is a challenging task to develop an integrated and automated scheme for dust storm detection that combines Geo-Processing frameworks, scientific models and EO data together to enable the dust storm detection and tracking processes in a dynamic and timely manner. This study develops an automated and integrated framework for dust storm detection and tracking based on the Web Processing Services (WPS) initiated by Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC). The presented WPS framework consists of EO data retrieval components, dust storm detecting and tracking component, and service chain orchestration engine. The EO data processing component is implemented based on OPeNDAP standard. The dust storm detecting and tracking component combines three earth scientific models, which are SBDART model (for computing aerosol optical depth (AOT) of dust particles), WRF model (for simulating meteorological parameters) and HYSPLIT model (for simulating the dust storm transport processes). The service chain orchestration engine is implemented based on Business Process Execution Language for Web Service (BPEL4WS) using open-source software. The output results, including horizontal and vertical AOT distribution of dust particles as well as their transport paths, were represented using KML/XML and displayed in Google Earth. A serious dust storm, which occurred over East Asia from 26 to 28 Apr 2012, is used to test the applicability of the proposed WPS framework. Our aim here is to solve a specific instance of a complex EO data and scientific model integration problem by using a framework and scientific workflow approach together. The experimental result shows that this newly automated and integrated framework can be used to give advance near real-time warning of dust storms, for both environmental authorities and public. The methods presented in this paper might be also generalized to other types of Earth system models, leading to improved ease of use and flexibility.
A geospatial reference framework for a university campus: a case study for managing student surveyed topographic data
Authors: Fraser D. , Sepehr S. , Stefanakis E.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. This presentation describes a geospatial reference framework for managing student surveyed topographic data of a university campus. This topographic data is collected annually by Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering (GGE) students at the University of New Brunswick (UNB) as part of the requirements for a UNB course. Examples of the type of features collected include: buildings, roads, sidewalks, walking paths, bike racks, parking lots and parking designation (e.g. accessibility parking). The applications and the information products built for managing this student surveyed topographic data can be viewed as a geospatial reference framework for this GGE survey camp.
A Conceptual Modeling of spatio-temporal database to Estimate Runoff Changes in Urbanized Watersheds
Authors: Schäfer A. L.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. This paper presents the development of a conceptual model of a database that allows the monitoring of changes in watersheds over time and verifies the impact of these changes on runoff. The conceptual model was developed using ER modeling techniques. ER diagrams were constructed from the semantic analysis of the variables involved in the issue of runoff in watersheds using the Curve Number method of Natural Resource Conservation Service. The conceptual model was developed based on the concepts of states and events, and the use of time as a basis for organizing spatial data allowed to record the time and place of any changes. The model of representation of spatial data based on object was employed. Through the proposed conceptual model, it is possible to store the results of several simulations for a watershed, linking each simulation to a specific event and identifying which scenario is valid at the time. Thus, it is possible to identify quantitative changes related to runoff over time and relate them to the events that caused them and the entities involved in such events. The conceptual model supports the existence of alternate realities, allowing the simulation and comparison of past and future scenarios.
The features of the use of GIS technologies for monitoring of the situation of main water lines in Azerbaijan
Authors: Gojamanov M. H. , Qurbanov Ch. Z
Published: November 2014

Abstract. The characteristic feature of the unified system of water supply of Azerbaijan is the large spatial remoteness between the main water sources (Greater and Small Caucasian mountains) and water-using economic areas (Baku, Ganja, Sumgait etc). When operating the pipelines arise accident and emergency situations, which are connected with interaction of the technological elements of the water supply and the natural environment. Often this process is a violation of dynamic equilibrium, and is accompanied by activation of dangerous natural and natural-anthropogenic processes that have a negative impact on the condition of pipelines. Given that in Azerbaijan the basis of the water supply network was put in the XIX century, it is necessary to pay close attention to the assessment of the ecological situation of main lines of water pipelines, i.e. to conduct their monitoring. Ensuring the reliability of existing and planned pipelines, a comprehensive study of the impacts on the natural environment during the construction and operation of the technical facilities, the organization of system of information and analytical monitoring requires a comprehensive attract the materials of the aerospace sensing and GIS technologies. In this paper describe the work experience and are the results of monitoring of pipelines of water supply in Azerbaijan.
Analysis on the Changing Spatial Patterns of China's Migration in 1985–2010
Authors: Yan Q. , Bian Z.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. Based on the data of China’s fourth, fifth and sixth population census, taking the seven geographical zone as research units, the Changing Spatial Patterns of China's Migration in 1985–2010 is studied by the means of spatial analysis and mathematical statistics. The empirical results show that: (1) The migration population in China was increasing a lot in 1985–2010, and the main part of it is Provincial migration. (2) The total number of migration, immigration and emigration, the relative proportion of inter provincial and provincial migration have been positively correlated to the regional economic development level. (3) The emigrations from Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and overseas mainly moved to East and North China. (4) Central and west of China are the main area where people outflowed from, and most migration population moved to south-eastern coastal areas. The migration in Northeast and northwest of China is still relatively small. The main direction of population migration and flowing is from west to east and from north to south.
A Time-constrained Network Voronoi Construction and Accessibility Analysis in Location-based Service Technology
Authors: Yu W. , Ai T.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. Accessibility analysis usually requires special models of spatial location analysis based on some geometric constructions, such as Voronoi diagram (abbreviated to VD). There are many achievements in classic Voronoi model research, however suffering from the following limitations for location-based services (LBS) applications. (1) It is difficult to objectively reflect the actual service areas of facilities by using traditional planar VDs, because human activities in LBS are usually constrained only to the network portion of the planar space. (2) Although some researchers have adopted network distance to construct VDs, their approaches are used in a static environment, where unrealistic measures of shortest path distance based on assumptions about constant travel speeds through the network were often used. (3) Due to the computational complexity of the shortest-path distance calculating, previous researches tend to be very time consuming, especially for large datasets and if multiple runs are required. To solve the above problems, a novel algorithm is developed in this paper. We apply network-based quadrat system and 1-D sequential expansion to find the corresponding subnetwork for each focus. The idea is inspired by the natural phenomenon that water flow extends along certain linear channels until meets others or arrives at the end of route. In order to accommodate the changes in traffic conditions, the length of network-quadrat is set upon the traffic condition of the corresponding street. The method has the advantage over Dijkstra’s algorithm in that the time cost is avoided, and replaced with a linear time operation.
Trajectory Clustering for People's Movement Pattern Based on Crowd Souring Data
Authors: Chen J. , Hu T. , Zhang P. , Shi W.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. With the increasing availability of GPS-enabled devices, a huge amount of GPS trajectories recording people's location traces have been accumulated and shared freely on the Web. In this area, one of the most important research topics is to exploit trajectory-movement pattern about where and when people clustered based on the raw GPS data. In order to solve this problem, clustering is a good way to perform data mining tasks on trajectory data. This paper provides a clustering algorithm which aims at mining people’s movement pattern about the clustered location and their temporal evolution characteristics. Firstly, the characteristic points of GPS trajectories were chosen. Based on the characteristic points, a trajectory has been partitioned into a group of line segments. These line segments can represent the movement pattern of trajectories much better than that of track points. Secondly, an improved density-based line clustering method was used for the individual partitioned line segments to find out individual clusters with similar track segments. In this step, the absolute time spot of people’s trajectories was taking into account as a characteristic for the temporal evolution of people’s trajectories. Finally, the representative clustered hot spots of multiple users’ line segments achieved by above steps were output. Experiments were conducted with GPS trajectories data downloaded from the web to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm in this paper. According to the results, the spatial distribution and temporal evolution characteristics of people’s stay hot spots were effectively discovered from people’s GPS trajectories data.
Spatial predictive mapping using artificial neural networks
Authors: Noack S. , Knobloch A. , Etzold S. H. , Barth A. , Kallmeier E.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. The modelling or prediction of complex geospatial phenomena (like formation of geo-hazards) is one of the most important tasks for geoscientists. But in practice it faces various difficulties, caused mainly by the complexity of relationships between the phenomena itself and the controlling parameters, as well by limitations of our knowledge about the nature of physical/ mathematical relationships and by restrictions regarding accuracy and availability of data. In this situation methods of artificial intelligence, like artificial neural networks (ANN) offer a meaningful alternative modelling approach compared to the exact mathematical modelling. In the past, the application of ANN technologies in geosciences was primarily limited due to difficulties to integrate it into geo-data processing algorithms. In consideration of this background, the software advangeo® was developed to provide a normal GIS user with a powerful tool to use ANNs for prediction mapping and data preparation within his standard ESRI ArcGIS environment. In many case studies, such as land use planning, geo-hazards analysis and prevention, mineral potential mapping, agriculture & forestry advangeo® has shown its capabilities and strengths. The approach is able to add considerable value to existing data.
The Life Cycle of a PaLRaP Article and Other Updates
Authors: Barnett John , Reinsfelder Tom
Published: November 2014

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Noteworthy: News Briefs from PA Libraries
Authors: Neyer Linda , Gordon Larissa
Published: November 2014

Accomplishments, experiences, events, and news about Pennsylvania librarians and libraries. In this issue: Chatham University Appointments and Professional Development Clarion University Libraries Appoint Two New Library Faculty Duquesne University Library News Lehigh Libraries Go Live with OLE The Library Company of Philadelphia’s African Americana Graphics Collection Now Online PADIGITAL E-mail List Penn State University Libraries News Seton Hill Library Marks 125th Anniversary with Makeover University of Pittsburgh Library System News