bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
USO DE LAS TIC EN LA GESTIÓN DEL CONOCIMIENTO EN LA UNIVERSIDAD DEL ZULIA (NÚCLEO COL)
Authors: Rojas Oriquen Josmary Del V. , Morales Gutiérrez Dubisay T. , García Mora Carlos A.
Published: June 2017

El presente artículo producto de una investigación tiene como objetivo general evaluar el uso de las TIC en la gestión del conocimiento en la Universidad del Zulia (Núcleo COL). La investigación es de diseño no experimental, de campo, y se realizó en el lugar de los acontecimientos. La población estuvo conformada por 4261 personas, distribuidos en estudiantes, docentes y personal administrativo de la Universidad del Zulia. El tamaño de la muestra es de trescientos sesenta y seis (366) estudiantes, treinta y seis (36) docentes y cuatro (4) representantes del personal administrativo. Como instrumento de recolección de datos, se utilizó una encuesta, la cual consta de 26 ítems. Para la validez del contenido, se contó con el juicio de tres expertos y se obtuvo una confiabilidad 0,800. Con ayuda del sistema estadístico (SPSS 17), se obtuvieron los resultados, encontrándose que la población estudiantil y docente así como el personal administrativo implementan el uso de las TIC en la gestión del conocimiento como herramienta de enseñanza- aprendizaje, obteniendo así un proceso de educación productivo. AbstractThe general objective of this research is to evaluate the use of the ICT in Knowledge Management at Universidad del Zulia (Nucleo COL). The research consists of a field trip activity of non experimental Design, carried out in the place of the events. The population is 4261 people including students, teachers and clerical staff of the Universidad del Zulia. The size of the sample is three hundred and sixty six (366) students, thirty six (36) teachers and four (4) individuals of the Clerical staff. A survey was the instrument used to gather information, which consists of 26 items. For the validity of the content, we counted on the opinion of three experts and we obtained a reliability of 0,800. With the help of the statistical system (SPSS 17), the results show that students and teachers, as well as the clerical staff, implement the use of ICT in Knowledge management as a teaching-learning tool; this way, they achieved a productive educational process.
Vox Populi? Vox Humbug! - Rising Tension between the South African Executive and Judiciary Considered in Historical Context: Part Two
Authors: Peté Stephen
Published: June 2017

Part One of this article traced rising tensions between the South African executive and the judiciary on the question of the separation of powers. This situation was then contrasted and compared with a clash which took place in the 17th century between King James I of England and Chief Justice Edward Coke. In Part Two of this article attention is focused on two specific cases which arose out of the clash between James and Coke - Prohibitions Del Roy and The Case of Proclamations. The article then turns to a discussion of the lessons which can be drawn from these cases. The arguments which were raised in the cases are contrasted and compared with more contemporary arguments advanced in the context of the present conflict between the South African executive and the judiciary. The views of Ronald Dworkin comparing 'majoritarian' and 'constitutional' conceptions of democracy are examined in the context of this debate. Tentative conclusions are then drawn and warnings issued of the negative consequences for South Africa if the potential conflict between the executive and the judiciary is not properly resolved.
European and American Perspectives on the Choice of Law Regarding Cross-Border Insolvencies of Multinational Corporations – Suggestions for South Africa
Authors: Weideman Jeanette , Stander Leonie
Published: June 2017

An increase in economic globalisation and international trade has amounted to an increase in the number of multinational enterprises that have debt, own assets and conduct business in various jurisdictions around the world.  This, coupled with the recent worldwide economic recession, has inevitably caused the increased occurrence of multinational financial default, also known as cross-border insolvency (CBI).

 

The legal response to this trend has, inter alia, produced two important international instruments that were designed to address key issues associated with CBI. Firstly, the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) adopted the UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency (the Model Law) in 1997, which has been adopted by nineteen countries including the United States of America and South Africa. Secondly, the European Union (EU) adopted the European Council Regulation on Insolvency Proceedings (EC Regulation) in 2000.  Both the EC Regulation and Chapter 15 adopt a “modified universalist” approach towards CBI matters.

 

Europe and the United States of America are currently the world leaders in the area of CBI and the CBI legislation adopted and applied in these jurisdictions seems to be effective. As South Africa’s Cross-Border Insolvency Act is not yet effective, there is no local policy guidance available to insolvency practitioners with regard to the application of the Model Law. At the basis of this article is the view that an analysis of the European and American approaches to CBI matters will provide South African practitioners with valuable insight, knowledge and lessons that could be used to understand and apply the principles adopted and applied in terms of the EC Regulation and Chapter 15, specifically the COMI concept, the “establishment” concept in the case of integrated multinational enterprises and related aspects.
Raamwerkwetgewing ter Verwesenliking van die Reg op Toegang tot Voldoende Voedsel
Authors: Terblanche Anél , Pienaar Gerrit
Published: June 2017

Various South African government reports list food security as a development priority. Despite this prioritisation and despite the fact that South Africa is currently food self-sufficient, ongoing food shortages remain a daily reality for approximately 35 percent of the South African population. The government's commitment to food security to date of writing this contribution manifests in related policies, strategies, programmes and sectoral legislation with the focus on food production, distribution, safety and assistance. A paradigm shift in the international food security debate was encouraged during 2009, namely to base food security initiatives on the right to sufficient food. During a 2011 visit to South Africa, the Special Rapporteur for the Right to Food of the United Nations, accordingly confirmed that a human rights-based approach to food security is necessary in the South African legal and policy framework in order to address the huge disparities in terms of food security (especially concerning geography, gender and race). A human rights-based approach to food security will add dimensions of dignity, transparency, accountability, participation and empowerment to food security initiatives. The achievement of food security is further seen as the realisation of existing rights, notably the right of access to sufficient food. The right of access to sufficient food, as entrenched in section 27(1)(b) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 will accordingly play a central role within a human rights-based approach to food security. Section 27(2) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 qualifies section 27(1)(b) by requiring the state to take reasonable legislative and other measures, within its available resources, to achieve the progressive realisation of each of the section 27(1) rights. The South African government's commitment to food security, as already mentioned, currently manifests in related policies, strategies and programmes, which initiatives will qualify as other measures as referred to in section 27(2) mentioned above. This contribution, however, aims to elucidate the constitutional duty to take reasonable legislative measures as required by section 27(2) within the wider context of food security. This contribution is more specifically confined to the ways in which a human rights-based approach to food security can be accommodated in a proposed framework law as a national legislative measures. Several underlying and foundational themes are addressed in this contribution, amongst others: (a) the relationship between food security and the right of access to sufficient food; (b) food security as a developmental goal; and (c) the increasing trend to apply a human rights-based approach to development initiatives in general, but also to food security.
The Child Justice Act: A Detailed Consideration of Section 68 as a Point of Departure with Respect to the Sentencing of Young Offenders
Authors: Terblanche Stephan
Published: June 2017

The Child Justice Act 75 of 2008 establishes a criminal justice system for child accused, separate from the criminal justice system which continues to apply for adult accused in South Africa.  The Act aims to keep children out of detention and away from the formal criminal justice system, mainly through diversion. When these interventions would be inadequate or unsuccessful, the Act provides for child offenders to the tried and sentenced in child justice courts. Until now there has been little discussion of the details of the provisions dealing with sentencing. Sentencing in a child justice court is regulated by chapter 10 of the Act and section 68 is the first section in this chapter. This section effectively amounts to the “jurisdictional” provision of the new child sentencing system: it not only mandates child justice courts to impose their sentences in terms of the Act, but also provides the first set of boundaries (or the first part of the framework) within which sentencing should take place. Despite its brevity, section 68 is not without interpretative challenges. Of course, it has to be interpreted within the context of the entire Act.  Explaining this context is the first function of this article. The various aspects of section 68 are further critically explored and discussed.
Determining the Effect (the Social Costs) of Exclusion under the South African Exclusionary Rule: Should Factual Guilt Tilt the Scales in Favour of the Admission of Unconstitutionally Obtained Evidence?
Authors: Ally Dane
Published: June 2017

Section 35(5) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 governs the exclusion of unconstitutionally obtained evidence in criminal trials. Three groups of factors must be considered to assess whether unconstitutionally obtained evidence should either be excluded or admitted. This contribution is focussed on the third group of factors (also known as the "effect of exclusion", or the "social costs of exclusion") which consists of the "seriousness of the charge faced by the accused", and the "importance of the evidence to secure a conviction". This group of factors is concerned with the public interest in crime control. Some scholars argue that the "public mood" should be a weighty factor when our courts consider this group of factors.

 

Against this background this article considers three issues: First, whether considerable weight should be attached to the "current mood" of society when our courts weigh and balance this group of factors against other relevant factors; secondly, whether a consideration of the "seriousness of the charge" and the "importance of the evidence for a successful prosecution" could possibly encroach upon the presumption of innocence; and, thirdly, whether factual guilt should be allowed to tip the scales in favour of the admission of unconstitutionally obtained evidence when the evidence is crucial for a conviction on a serious charge.
Maccsand (Pty) Ltd v City of Cape Town 2012 (4) SA 181 (CC)
Authors: Olivier Nic , Williams Clara , Badenhorst Pieter
Published: June 2017

The Constitutional Court in Maccsand (Pty) Ltd v City of Cape Town (CCT 103/11) 2012 ZACC 7 decided that the granting of mining rights or mining permits by the Minister of Mineral Resources in terms of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act 28 of 2002 does not obviate the obligation on an applicant to obtain authorisations in terms of other legislation that deals with functional domains other than minerals, mining and prospecting. This applies to all other legislation, irrespective of whether the responsible administrator of such other legislation is in the national, provincial or local sphere of government. The effect of the decision is that planning and other authorities which derive their statutory mandate and powers from other legislation retain all their powers as regards planning and rezoning, for instance. In addition, the Minister of Mineral Resources cannot make a decision on behalf of, or for, such functionaries. The judgement also clarified the question of whether or not a national Act can supersede provincial legislation dealing with a distinctly different functional domain. In principle, the decision also indicates that the fact that a range of authorisations are required in terms of separate statutory instruments (each with its own functional domain and administered by its own functionary) does not necessarily amount to conflicts between these instruments. An owner of land may now insist that his land may not be used for mining purposes if it is not zoned for such purposes. It is submitted that, in order to provide certainty to land owners, developers and government functionaries, and to promote investor confidence (especially in the mining sector), an intergovernmental system for the consideration of applications by the functionaries responsible for the separate statutory instruments needs to be developed as a high priority.
Mora Debitoris and the Principle of Strict Liability: Scoin Trading (Pty) Ltd v Bernstein 2011 2 Sa 118 (SCA)
Authors: Cornelius Steve J
Published: June 2017

Parties generally enter into contractual relations with the sincere intention to fulfil all the obligations created in terms of their contract. However, for various reasons, parties sometimes do not comply with the terms of their contract. Where a party fails to perform at the agreed date and time or after receiving a demand from the creditor, the debtor commits breach of contract in the form of mora debitoris.[1] The question then arises whether or not a debtor would also commit breach in the form of mora debitoris if the delay in performance cannot be attributed to wilful disregard of the contract or a negligent failure to perform on time. This was the question which the court had to determine in Scoin Trading (Pty) Ltd v Bernstein.[2][1]      Victoria Falls and Transvaal Power Co Ltd v Consolidated Langlaagte Mines Ltd 1915 AD 1; West Rand Estates Ltd v New Zealand Insurance Co Ltd 1926 AD 173; Fluxman v Brittain 1941 AD 273; Microuticos v Swart 1949 3 SA 715 (A); Linton v Corser 1952 3 SA 685 (A); Union Government v Jackson 1956 2 SA 398 (A); Standard Finance Corporation of South Africa Ltd v Langeberg Ko-operasie Bpk 1967 4 SA 686 (A); Nel v Cloete 1972 2 SA 150 (A); Van der Merwe v Reynolds 1972 3 SA 740 (A); Ver Elst v Sabena Belgian World Airlines 1983 3 SA 637 (A); Chrysafis v Katsapas 1988 4 SA 818 (A).[2]     Scoin Trading (Pty) Ltd v Bernstein 2011 2 SA 118 (SCA).
SEMINARIOS EN LÍNEA SOBRE ANÁLISIS ESPACIALES CON ÉNFASIS EN MODELOS DE NICHO ECOLÓGICO
Authors: Cuervo-Robayo Angela P. , Escobar Luis E , Osorio-Olvera Luis A. , Nori Javier , Varela Sara , Martinez-Meyer Enrique , Velasquez-Tibata Jorge , Rodriguez-Soto Clarita , Munguia Mariana , Castaneda-Alvarez Nora P. , Lira-Noriega Andres , Soley-Guardia Mariano , Serra-Diaz Josep M. , Peterson A. Townsend
Published: June 2017

En 2016 implementamos un sistema de seminarios de enseñanza en formato de videos libres y accesibles desde internet, con la finalidad de dar a conocer de forma sencilla y en castellano, las bases conceptuales y aplicaciones de la ecología espacial y los modelos de nicho ecológico en estudios de ecología, conservación biológica, epidemiología y agrobiodviersidad, así como su implementación para el diseño de políticas públicas de los recursos naturales. Cada seminario fue desarrollado por uno o varios expertos y se discutieron conceptos, métodos y diferentes herramientas disponibles para elaborar modelos de distribución de especies. Este manuscrito reúne los resúmenes de los seminarios en línea, dando referencias clave para cada tema y el enlace al video correspondiente. Los videos están disponibles de forma libre en YouTube o en formato .mp4 bajo solicitud.
IRMNG 2006–2016: 10 years of a global taxonomic database
Authors: Rees Tony , Vandepitte Leen , Decock Wim , Vanhoorne Bart
Published: June 2017

IRMNG, the Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera, was commenced in 2006 as an initiative of the Australian OBIS Node (OBIS Australia) following an analysis of the taxonomic names management needs of OBIS, the Ocean Biogeographic Information System. The main objectives were to produce a hierarchical classification of all life, both extant and fossil, to at least genus level (and to species as data were readily available) and to provide a tool to distinguish marine from nonmarine, and extant from fossil taxa. Over its first 10 years of operation IRMNG has acquired some 487,000 of an estimated c.500,000 published genus names (including both valid names and synonyms) in addition to almost 1.8 million species names, of which 1.3 million are considered valid. Throughout this time IRMNG data have been available for public query via a dedicated web interface based at CSIRO in Australia, as well as being supplied as bulk downloads for use by a range of global biodiversity projects. Over the period 2014-2016 responsibility for the system has been passed to the Data Centre Division of the Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) in Belgium, which will be continuing the maintenance and development of IRMNG at its new web location, www.irmng.org.
Factors Associated With Financial Risk Tolerance Based on Proportional Odds Model: Evidence From Sweden
Authors: Irandoust Manuchehr
Published: June 2017

Is the way that individuals make risky financial choices, or tradeoffs over time, related to demographic characteristics? This article attempts to examine whether there is a link between demographic variables, risk aversion, and impatience using a randomly drawn sample of the population in Sweden. Based on a proportional odds model, the findings show that willingness to take financial risk depends on portfolio structure, gender, age, educational attainment, income, financial stability, financial literacy, marital status, and family size. Financial counselors are encouraged to use the variables related to financial risk tolerance discussed in this article whenever developing portfolios or in calculations that require specific information about a person’s willingness to take financial risk.
Work, Remuneration, and Negotiation for Pay in Early Adolescence: Exploring Early Causes of Gender Pay Inequity
Authors: Saari Mélanie L. , Wood Eileen , Wood Katherine
Published: June 2017

Work and negotiation experiences were examined among early adolescents (12–15 years) through a survey (N = 157) and follow-up interview (N = 89) conducted in two Canadian cities. Key findings, based on a mixed-method research approach, were (a) gifts were the primary income source; (b) females completed more chores than males, and younger adolescents received payment for chores more than older adolescents; (c) discussion of negotiation rarely occurred between participants and parents or peers; (d) neither age nor gender impacted absence of negotiation; (e) those who had negotiated for more money reported satisfaction; (f) gender differences in negotiation strategies were present; and (g) age differences in beliefs about negotiator qualities were found. Consistencies and changes from extant literature were discussed.
Spending Behavior Change and Financial Distress During the Great Recession
Authors: Chalise Lekhnath , Anong Sophia
Published: June 2017

This study investigated whether spending habits before and during the Great Recession predicted financial distress. Financial distress was defined as failing to make mortgage and non-mortgage loan payments on time. Data from the 2007–2009 panel of the Survey of Consumer Finances revealed that one’s prerecession spending habit did not seem to matter. Respondents who reported in the earlier wave that they spent more than income but had begun to spend less than income during the recession were twice as likely to become financially distressed. However, those who were spending more than their income during the recession were three times as likely to be financially distressed. Being in good health, having income certainty, and above average risk tolerance lowered the odds of financial distress.
An optimal algorithm for cascaded reservoir operation by combining the grey forecasting model with DDDP
Authors: Peng Yong , Zhang Xiaoli , Xu Wei , Shi Yajun , Zhang Zixin
Published: June 2017

The operation of cascaded reservoirs is a complex problem, and lots of algorithms have been developed for optimal cascaded reservoir operation. However, the existing algorithms usually have disadvantages such as the ‘curse of dimensionality’ and prematurity. This study proposes a grey discrete differential dynamic programming (GDDDP) algorithm for effectively optimizing the cascaded reservoir operation model, which is a combination of the grey forecasting model and discrete differential dynamic programming (DDDP). Additionally, a modification of the grey forecasting model is presented for better forecast accuracy. The proposed method is applied to optimize the Baishan-Fengman cascaded reservoir system in the northeast of China. The results show that GDDDP obtains more power generation than DDDP with less computing time in three cases, i.e., dry years, wet years and the whole series. Especially in the case of the whole series, the power generation of GDDDP is 2.13 MWH more than that of DDDP, while the computing time is decreased by 66,161 ms. Moreover, the power generation of GDDDP is comparable with that of dynamic programming but the computing time is much less. All these indicate GDDDP has high accuracy and efficiency, which implies that it is practicable for the operation of a cascaded reservoir system.
Salinity tolerance at germination of some main cultivated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) genotypes from Western Cameroon
Authors: Tsague Ebeny Leonny , Kouam* Eric Bertrand , Tankou Christopher Mubeteneh
Published: June 2017

This study investigates the effect of salt (NaCl) on the germination of seeds of 10 genotypes of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). The experiment carried out on petri dishes was done using a completely randomized design comprising three replications. The germination of the cultivars was studied using distilled water as control and under osmotic potentials of 50, 100, 150 and 200mM NaCl. The results indicated that the Mean Germination Time (MGT), Time to 50% Germination (T50), Germination Index (GI), Coefficient of Velocity of Germination (CVG), and Germination Percentage (GP), varied between 2.33 and 5.51 days; 2.83 and 14.87 days; 16.66 and 1.63; 0.53 and 0.11; 87.11 and 27.98% respectively. The variables GI, CVG and GP tended to decrease with increasing NaCl concentration while MGT and T50 tended to increase with increasing salt concentrations. For all the germination variables, significant differences at 0.001 probability levels were found among salinity treatments, cowpea genotypes and their interaction. Four genotypes (KEB-CP118, OU59A, OU100 and ICV12) were tolerant to salt stress and performed well under salinity conditions. Four other genotypes were found to be moderately tolerant (ET11, NO1036, MTA22 and KEB-CP009) and two genotypes (KEB-CP098 and NO193) were susceptible to salt stress and were most affected by salinity. At 0.001 probability level, positive correlations were observed between GP and GI (r = 0.792); GP and CVG (r = 0.774); GI and CVG (r = 0.955) and negative correlations were observed between GP and T50 (r = - 0.845); GI and MGT (r = - 0.894); CVG and MGT (r = - 0.895).
Acetylcholinesterase inhibition by medicinal plants: A Review
Authors: Ranjan* Navi , Kumari Manorma
Published: June 2017

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the predominant cholinesterase in the brain, hydrolyzes ACh to choline and acetate, thereby terminating the effect of this neurotransmitter at cholinergic synapses. Therefore, AChE is the target of cholinesterase inhibitors used for addressing the cholinergic deficit in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. Despite decades of research and advances in our understanding of its aetiology and pathogenesis, current pharmacotherapeutic options for AD are still very limited and represent an area of need that is currently unmet. The leading AD therapeutics involves AChE inhibitors, resulting in increased acetylcholine concentrations in the synaptic cleft and enhanced cholinergic transmission. Compounds showing an AChE inhibitory effect are also used for the treatment of senile dementia, myastenia gravis, Parkinson’s disease and ataxia. Taking into account that the inhibition of AChE has been one of the most used strategies for treating AD and that existing drugs are effective only against mild to moderate type of disease while presenting considerable side effects, the search for new sources of effective and selective anti acetylcholinesterase agents with fewer side effects is imperative. Various plants and phytochemical substances have demonstrated AChE inhibitory activity and thus could be beneficial in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders such as AD.
Biodegradation of Laundry Wastewater Under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions: A Kinetic Evaluation
Authors: Katam Keerthi , Bhattacharyya Debraj
Published: June 2017

This research was conducted in a batch mode in a laboratory‐scale setup to study (1) the biodegradation of laundry wastewater under aerobic and anaerobic conditions and to quantify the degradation at steady‐state in terms of kinetic parameters and (2) the inhibition caused by laundry wastewater on growth‐substrate utilization by un‐acclimated ethanol‐enriched aerobic and anaerobic microbial cultures. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was above 95% under aerobic condition; however, the COD removal varied between 70 and 88% under anaerobic condition. The steady‐state kinetic parameters k, Ks, Y, μm, and kd were 1.75 d–1, 21.67 mg COD/L, 0.4 mg volatile suspended solids (VSS)/mg COD, 0.7 d–1, and 0.06 d–1 respectively under aerobic condition; corresponding values under anaerobic condition were 4.7 d–1, 173.67 mg COD/L, 0.06 mg VSS/mg COD, 0.3 d–1, and 0.04 d–1. Laundry wastewater caused a competitive inhibition at doses above 200 mg/L under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.
Low Bone Density and Bisphosphonate Use and the Risk of Kidney Stones
Authors: Prochaska Megan , Taylor Eric , Vaidya Anand , Curhan Gary
Published: June 2017

Background and objectives

Previous studies have demonstrated lower bone density in patients with kidney stones, but no longitudinal studies have evaluated kidney stone risk in individuals with low bone density. Small studies with short follow-up reported reduced 24-hour urine calcium excretion with bisphosphonate use. We examined history of low bone density and bisphosphonate use and the risk of incident kidney stone as well as the association with 24-hour calcium excretion.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We conducted a prospective analysis of 96,092 women in the Nurses’ Health Study II. We used Cox proportional hazards models to adjust for age, body mass index, thiazide use, fluid intake, supplemental calcium use, and dietary factors. We also conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 2294 participants using multivariable linear regression to compare 24-hour urinary calcium excretion between participants with and without a history of low bone density, and among 458 participants with low bone density, with and without bisphosphonate use.

Results

We identified 2564 incident stones during 1,179,860 person-years of follow-up. The multivariable adjusted relative risk for an incident kidney stone for participants with history of low bone density compared with participants without was 1.39 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.20 to 1.62). Among participants with low bone density, the multivariable adjusted relative risk for an incident kidney stone for bisphosphonate users was 0.68 (95% CI, 0.48 to 0.98). In the cross-sectional analysis of 24-hour urine calcium excretion, the multivariable adjusted mean difference in 24-hour calcium was 10 mg/d (95% CI, 1 to 19) higher for participants with history of low bone density. However, among participants with history of low bone density, there was no association between bisphosphonate use and 24-hour calcium with multivariable adjusted mean difference in 24-hour calcium of −2 mg/d (95% CI, −25 to 20).

Conclusions

Low bone density is an independent risk factor for incident kidney stone and is associated with higher 24-hour urine calcium excretion. Among participants with low bone density, bisphosphonate use was associated with lower risk of incident kidney stone but was not independently associated with 24-hour urine calcium excretion.
Rendimento de forragem, composição química e extração de macronutrientes de Trachypogon plumosus consorciado com Stylosanthes capitata cv. Lavradeiro
Authors: Costa Newton , Costa Newton de Lucena , Moraes Anibal de , Carvalho Paulo César Faccio de , Gianluppi Vicente , Magalhães João Avelar
Published: June 2017

Was evaluated the effect of potassium fertilization (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg of K2O ha-1) on the forage yield, chemical composition and macronutrients extraction of Trachypogon plumosus native pastures intercropping with Stylosanthes capitata cv. Lavradeiro in Roraima´s savannas. The effects of potassium fertilization on legume forage yield were directly proportional to K levels, while for grass the adjustment was quadratic and the maximum value estimated with the application of 69.9 kg of K2O ha-1. Nitrogen, calcium, magnesium and potassium contents of the grass and legume were quadratically affected by potassium fertilization, while the macronutrient extraction by the grass was quadratic, and linear and positive for forage legume. Macronutrient extractions by grass and legume, independently of potassium fertilization, were higher for N and K, followed by Ca, Mg and P. Potassium fertilization provided grass and legume forage with better quality and lower fiber contents. Considering the overall availability of forage and pasture botanical composition - satisfactory grass/legume relationship - the use of potassium levels between 80 and 100 kg of K2O ha-1 allow the establishment and yield stability and persistence of grass-legume mixture.
Analysis of the implementation of guidance and counseling supervision at senior high schools
Authors: Basith Abdul , Fitriyadi Slamat
Published: June 2017

The aim of this research is: (1) to analyze the implementation of guidance and counseling supervision, and (2) to find main factors inhibiting the implementation of guidance and counseling supervisory at the Senior High Schools of Singkawang City. The results show that: (1) the implementation of the guidance and counseling supervision has still many weaknesses on each stage done by the supervisors, such as unidentified guidance and counseling teachers‘ needs, the program planning is not yet organized well, the supervisors do not use particular approaches, and they do not control the supervisions carried out, (2) some factors inhibiting the implementation of guidance and counseling supervision include lack of guidance and counseling supervision forces that so many guidance and counseling teachers are not supervised optimally, lack of knowledge and understanding by the supervisors on the implementation, and also minimal development of supervisory competencies in the guidance and counseling field.
Model EPQ Multi Item yang Dimodifikasi untuk Dua Permintaan secara Simultan
Authors: Rahman Taufiq , Jonrinaldi Jonrinaldi , Henmaidi
Published: June 2017

Inventory is one of many factors of the business operation that need to be controlled by industries in order to improve efficiency, enhance productivity, and decrease the holding cost. The holding cost of inventories in supply chain contribute to 20% - 40% of the product value. It can be controlled by applying appropriate inventory model, such as EPQ/Economic Production Quantity and EOQ/Economic Order Quantity. EPQ is an inventory model that used to determine the optimum production lot size with balanced the production setup cost and holding cost. Even the classic EPQ has applied widely in industries, the assumption used by this model differed between the researchers whether it is continuous or discrete demand, because the multi delivery or discrete demand is mostly used by industries. Even so, there are industries that used both continuous and discrete demand simultaneously. Based on previous research, there was an advanced EPQ model that synchronizing both assumptions simultaneously, but it still addressed single item problem. Since almost the industries produced multi item, this model has lack of applicability. Therefore, this research proposed a multi item EPQ Model that synchronizing continuous and discrete demand simultaneously. The solution procedure that used in this proposed model are classical calculus method/differential calculus and simultaneous approach. A numerical example is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach based on the data from the literature.
Penjadwalan dan Penentuan Rute Distribusi Komoditas ke Wilayah Timur Indonesia
Authors: Fatma Erika , Kartika Winanda
Published: June 2017

Indonesia’s geographical conditions, particularly in the eastern region, which is archipelago has its own challenges in the distribution of commodities, such as rice. Most of the rice needed in eastern Indonesia, is still supplied from Java Island. The most suitable transportation mode for rice distribution in the eastern region of Indonesia, is by sea (ships). In this study, a ship routing and scheduling model for commodity distribution in the eastern region of Indonesia was developed, using capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP) method. The model was built by considering the number of demands on the destination, ship capacity, and ports service time. Modeling was developed to determine distribution route and schedule that can provide total minimum cost and meet all of the restrictions.
Effect of radio-frequency treatment on quality of dates (Phoenix dactylifera L. cv. Deglet Nour)
Authors: Nourani Ahmed , Pegna Francisco Garbati , Khadidja Benahmed
Published: June 2017

Algeria’s date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L) fruit is one of the most important exported products from non hydrocarbon sources. As other fresh or dry fruits, the dates (cv. Deglet Nour) are exposed to damage during storage. In our study, we will apply a postharvest treatment using a radiofrequency radiation as a new technique used on dates while evaluating its effect on date palm fruit quality. The results obtained reveal that the treatment was effective on the capacity of dates to maintain their pH, moisture content and ash percentage during the storage compared with the dates untreated. Likewise, it achieved complete disinfection of dates. As results, the radiofrequency presents a practical alternative to the actually techniques used on postharvest treatment.
Harmonium: An Ultrafast Vacuum Ultraviolet Facility
Authors: Arrell Christopher A. , Grioni Marco , Drabbels Marcel , Van Mourik Frank , Clark Andrew , Gatti Gianmarco , Roth Silvan , Crepaldi Alberto , Longetti Luca , Ojeda José , Chergui Majed
Published: June 2017

Harmonium is a vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photon source built within the Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS). Utilising high harmonic generation, photons from 20–110 eV are available to conduct steady-state or ultrafast photoelectron and photoion spectroscopies (PES and
PIS). A pulse preserving monochromator provides either high energy resolution (70 meV) or high temporal resolution (40 fs). Three endstations have been commissioned for: a) PES of liquids; b) angular resolved PES (ARPES) of solids and; c) coincidence PES and PIS of gas phase molecules or clusters.
The source has several key advantages: high repetition rate (up to 15 kHz) and high photon flux (1011 photons per second at 38 eV). The capabilities of the facility complement the Swiss ultrafast and X-ray community (SwissFEL, SLS, NCCR MUST, etc.) helping to maintain Switzerland's leading role in ultrafast science in the world.
Time-resolved ARPES at LACUS: Band Structure and Ultrafast Electron Dynamics of Solids
Authors: Crepaldi Alberto , Chergui Majed , Berger Helmuth , Magrez Arnaud , Bugnon Philippe , Van Mourik Frank , Ojeda José , Arrell Christopher A. , Gatti Gianmarco , Roth Silvan , Grioni Marco
Published: June 2017

The manipulation of the electronic properties of solids by light is an exciting goal, which requires knowledge of the electronic structure with energy, momentum and temporal resolution. Time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (tr-ARPES) is the most direct probe of the effects
of an optical excitation on the band structure of a material. In particular, tr-ARPES in the extreme ultraviolet (VUV) range gives access to the ultrafast dynamics over the entire Brillouin zone. VUV tr-ARPES experiments can now be performed at the ASTRA (ARPES Spectrometer for Time-Resolved
Applications) end station of Harmonium, at LACUS. Its capabilities are illustrated by measurements of the ultrafast electronic response of ZrSiTe, a novel topological semimetal characterized by linearly dispersing states located at the Brillouin zone boundary.
The LOUVRE Laboratory: State-of-the-Art Ultrafast Ultraviolet Spectroscopies for Molecular and Materials Science
Authors: Oppermann Malte , Van Mourik Frank , Rossi Thomas , Palmieri Tania , Bauer Benjamin , Mewes Lars , Baldini Edoardo , Oriana Aurelio , Nagornova Natalia S. , Chergui Majed
Published: June 2017

We describe the facilities for ultraviolet studies in the femtosecond to nanosecond time domain. These facilities consist of: i) a set-up for deep-ultraviolet spectroscopy in the 260–380 nm range in both pump and probe pulses for transient absorption/reflectivity or two-dimensional
spectroscopy studies; ii) a set-up for ultrafast fluorescence measurements with detection down to 300 nm. The capabilities of these set-ups are demonstrated by examples on molecular systems, biosystems, nanoparticles and solid materials.
Opportunities for Chemistry at the SwissFEL X-ray Free Electron Laser
Authors: Milne Christopher J. , Radi Peter , Pedrini Bill , Lemke Henrik , Knopp Gregor , Juranic Pavle , Ingold Gerhard , Hauri Christoph P. , Flechsig Uwe , Follath Rolf , Erny Christian , Deng Yunpei , Beaud Paul , Patthey Luc
Published: June 2017

X-ray techniques have long been applied to chemical research, ranging from powder diffraction tools to analyse material structure to X-ray fluorescence measurements for sample composition. The development of high-brightness, accelerator-based X-ray sources has allowed chemists to use
similar techniques but on more demanding samples and using more photon-hungry methods. X-ray Free Electron Lasers (XFELs) are the latest in the development of these large-scale user facilities, opening up new avenues of research and the possibility of more advanced applications for a range
of research. The SwissFEL XFEL project at the Paul Scherrer Institute will begin user operation in the hard X-ray (2.1–12.4 keV) photon energy range in 2018 with soft X-ray (240–1930 eV) user operation to follow and here we will present the details of this project, it's operating
capabilities, and some aspects of the experimental stations that will be particularly attractive for chemistry research. SwissFEL is a revolutionary new machine that will complement and extend the time-resolved chemistry efforts in the Swiss research community.
Conference Report on TEDD & 3R Workshop at ZHAW Waedenswil
Authors: Heinzelmann Elsbeth
Published: June 2017

On April 7, 2017, TEDD (Tissue Engineering for Drug Development and Substance Testing) and the Animal Research Foundation joined forces at ZHAW Waedenswil to present their latest scientific results in the domain of the 3Rs of biomedical research: how to Refine, Reduce and Replace animal
testing with alternative approaches.
Recommendations for Scholarly Work in Medical Journals
Authors: Baral Gehanath
Published: June 2017

Creating and publishing a scientific paper should be guided by the set guidelines. Authors should be responsible to evaluate integrity of journals by their behavior.
Should women with postcoital bleeding be referred for colposcopy?
Authors: Batish Avni , Sathiyathasan S
Published: June 2017

Electronic searches of literature published between 1980 and 2014 were undertaken using MEDLINE, Embase, CINHAL, and the Cochrane Database of Systemic reviews. Search items included: post coital bleeding, colposcopy, cervical cancer. Postcoital bleeding remains a cardinal warning sign of lower genital tract cancer and it is important to remember that it can also occur in the absence of cancer. In the vast majority of cases, there will be no sinister pathological abnormality. The common causes are usually benign conditions such as cervical ectopy and benign cervical polyps. Only a small number of women with PCB will have invasive disease of the lower genital tract.
Air Transfer of Obstetric Emergencies to a Tertiary Care Center in Nepal
Authors: Katuwal Neeta , Rana A , Gurung G , Baral J
Published: June 2017

Aims: This study was performed to review the places, indications, maternal-perinatal outcomes requiring emergency air transfer to a tertiary level referral center.Methods: A hospital based descriptive study of one year duration, conducted in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH), over a period of twelve months. All the women who were air transferred for pregnancy complications were enrolled.Results: There were total 19 airlifted obstetric emergencies to TUTH over one year period:  majority (68%) from hilly areas and others (32%) from mountain region. Out of them, referred cases were 11 [district hospital (5), healthpost (4); Primary Health Center (PHC) (2)]; and rest were from home (8). Two cases were abortion related; septic abortion (1) and incomplete abortion (1). There were three antepartum cases: pregnancy with meningoencephalitis (1), eclampsia (1) and bleeding placenta previa (1); maximum, eleven intrapartum cases, obstructed labor (6),labor dystocia (3), breech in labor (1) and undelivered second twin (1). Rest three were postpartum cases, one each of eclampsia, puerperal sepsis and retained placenta. Maternal morbidities were one each case of uterine rupture, acute kidney injury, retained placenta with PPH and vesicovaginal fistula that developed in the case of shoulder dystocia. Maternal mortality occurred in 2 cases, first women with antepartum eclampsia who had intracerebral bleed and second was a case of pregnancy with meningoencephalitis who later developed brain death. Regarding perinatal outcome 12/14 (86%) had live birth and 2/14 (14%) had IUFD upon arrival.Conclusion: Air lift on personal expenditure, despite economic constraints has proven beneficial in our country’s context with difficult geographical terrain and inadequate health services, whereas anticipation of any critical condition right in the beginning and timely transfer however could have been more advantageous.
A Profile of Patients with Molar Pregnancy
Authors: Bhatta Rabindra Dev , Rijal P , Pradhan T , Chhetri S , Rai R , Uprety DK
Published: June 2017

Aims: This study was done to determine the incidence, modes of presentation and prognosis of molar pregnancy at B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences.Methods: This was a prospective study done among patients with molar pregnancy admitted at BPKIHS from January 2010 to January 2011. The study was conducted after ethical clearance from Institutional Ethical Review Board of BPKIHS. Written informed consent was taken for enrollment in the study. Baseline information like age, address, race  and patient’s  presenting complaints, period of gestation and serial serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin (βhCG) were collected and analyzed after entering in excel sheet.Results: Total 48 cases of molar pregnancy were diagnosed during the study period. The incidence of molar pregnancy was found to be 5.58 per 1000 deliveries. The most common mode of presentation was per vaginal bleeding i.e. in  64.58% of cases. Majority of the patients were in the age group of 20-34 years (62.5%). Mean time for normalization of βhCG after suction evacuation was 10.19 weeks.Conclusions: Molar pregnancy is a pregnancy related problem which most commonly presents with per vaginal bleeding during first and second trimester. Most of the patients are treated with suction and evacuation but some develop persistent gestational trophoblastic disease.
Urinary Calcium Excretion Pattern in Preeclampsia
Authors: Rai Snigdha , Upadhyaya I , Malla Karishma , Baral Gehanath
Published: June 2017

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the urinary calcium excretion pattern in preeclampsia and to establish the relation between severity of preeclampsia and urinary calcium excretionMethods: This was a case-control study conducted at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital, Kathmandu from January to June 2015. There were 88 patients equally divided in each group. 24 hours urine calcium was analyzed by ortho-cresophthalin-complexone method (OCPC) and urinary proteinuria was analyzed bedside by sulphosalicylic acid. Results were analyzed using SPSS 17. P value of < 0.05 was considered as significant.Results: Preeclampsia was found to occur commonly among the nulliparous patients (59%). The patients with MAP with ≥ 110mmHg excreted less calcium in their urine in comparison to the patient with MAP < 110mmHg (73.55mg/24 hrs VS 92.79 mg/24 hr). Daily calciuria was decreased with the increase in proteinuria (91.43 mg, 76.19mg and 54.02mg in 1+, 2+ and 3+ respectively). The 24 hours urine calcium excretion in term preeclamptic patient was significantly reduced in compared to the normotensive term pregnant women (77.92 mg ± 48.61mg VS 117.66mg ±69.21 mg, p <0.001).Conclusion: Preeclamptic patients excrete significantly lower amounts of calcium in urine and it may be a marker of the severity of preeclampsia.
The Sirenomelia Sequence: a Case Report
Authors: Sreekumar Kavita , Fernandes Nadia , Silveira Maria P
Published: June 2017

Sirenomelia or mermaid syndrome is a rare congenital condition with a wide phenotypic variation . It was originally named as caudal regression syndrome but it is now known that organs do not regress, they just do not form. An abnormal abdominal and umbilical vascular arrangement of affected individuals, and a primary abnormality in the generation of the mesoderm are two theories suggested for its genesis.  Affected individuals show hypoplastic and fused lower limbs, vertebral abnormalities, and agenesis of the renal system, imperforated anus, and genital organs anomalies. Antenatal diagnosis in the first trimester is critical. We report a case of the mermaid syndrome associated with severe oligohydramnios, Potter’s facies, unilateral renal agenesis, and absent external genitalia.