bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conversion of End-of-Life Household Materials into Building Insulating Low-Cost Solutions for the Development of Vulnerable Contexts: Review and Outlook towards a Circular and Sustainable Economy
Authors: Neri Manuela , Pilotelli Mariagrazia , Traversi Marco , Levi Elisa , Piana Edoardo Alessio , Bannó Mariasole , Cuerva Eva , Pujadas Pablo , Guardo Alfredo
Published: April 2021

In a world increasingly aware of the environmental cost of the current production/ consumption model, the use of sustainable practices to reduce our environmental impact as a society becomes imperative. One way to reduce this impact is to increase the reuse of materials that are considered, by current definitions of ”waste”, at their end of life. End-of-Life Household Materials (EoLHM) can be defined as household waste materials that still possess exploitable properties, thus making them suitable for reuse. There are several studies in the literature that address the recycling of these materials. When it comes to their reuse, unfortunately, only a limited number of studies are available. This paper aims to fill this gap by investigating the possibility to convert EoLHM, such as clothes or packaging, into low-cost thermal insulating materials for the improvement of the indoor thermal comfort in buildings, especially for households at risk of suffering from energy poverty. For this purpose, a comprehensive literature review and a qualitative analysis of both commercial and EoLHM are proposed. Commercial thermal insulating materials analysis is used as a reference to measure the performance of EoLHM. Important aspects to be considered when choosing suitable EoLHM for a smart conversion and reuse are also investigated. The most important outcome of this investigation is the comprehension that the conversion of EoLHM into insulating material is possible, and it implies a direct reduction in waste production, with environmental benefits and positive social implications. However, some aspects such as adaptability, life expectancy, collection and storage are, at present, in need of further thinking and development to make the EoLHM reuse and re-conversion processes viable on a large (neighborhood/city) scale.
Corruption in Construction Projects: Bibliometric Analysis of Global Research
Authors: Zhai Zhao , Shan Ming , Darko Amos , Chan Albert P. C.
Published: April 2021

Corruption has been identified as a major problem in construction projects. It can jeopardize the success of these projects. Consequently, corruption has garnered significant attention in the construction industry over the past two decades, and several studies on corruption in construction projects (CICP) have been conducted. Previous efforts to analyze and review this body of knowledge have been manual, qualitative and subjective, thus prone to bias and limited in the number of reviewed studies. There remains a lack of inclusive, quantitative, objective and computational analysis of global CICP research to inform future research, policy and practice. This study aims to address this lack by providing the first inclusive bibliometric study exploring the state-of-the-art of global CICP research. To this end, a quantitative and objective technique aided by CiteSpace was used to systematically and computationally analyze a large corpus of 542 studies retrieved from the Web of Science and published from 2000 to 2020. The findings revealed major and influential CICP research journals, persons, institutions, countries, references and areas of focus, as well as revealing how these interact with each other in research networks. This study contributes to the in-depth understanding of global research on CICP. By highlighting the principal research areas, gaps, emerging trends and directions, as well as patterns in CICP research, the findings could help researchers, practitioners and policy makers position their future CICP research and/or mitigation strategies.
Corn Stover Removal Responses on Soil Test P and K Levels in Coastal Plain Ultisols
Authors: Novak Jeffrey M. , Frederick James R. , Watts Don W. , Ducey Thomas F. , Karlen Douglas L.
Published: April 2021

Corn (Zea mays L.) stover is used as a biofuel feedstock in the U.S. Selection of stover harvest rates for soils is problematic, however, because excessive stover removal may have consequences on plant available P and K concentrations. Our objective was to quantify stover harvest impacts on topsoil P and K contents in the southeastern U.S. Coastal Plain Ultisols. Five stover harvest rates (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% by wt) were removed for five years from replicated plots. Grain and stover mass with P and K concentration data were used to calculate nutrient removal. Mehlich 1 (M1)-extractable P and K concentrations were used to monitor changes within the soils. Grain alone removed 13–15 kg ha−1 P and 15–18 kg ha−1 K each year, resulting in a cumulative removal of 70 and 85 kg ha−1 or 77 and 37% of the P and K fertilizer application, respectively. Harvesting stover increased nutrient removal such that when combined with grain removed, a cumulative total of 95% of the applied P and 126% of fertilizer K were taken away. This caused M1 P and K levels to decline significantly in the first year and even with annual fertilization to remain relatively static thereafter. For these Ultisols, we conclude that P and K fertilizer recommendations should be fine-tuned for P and K removed with grain and stover harvesting and that stover harvest of >50% by weight will significantly decrease soil test M1 P and K contents.
Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan and Health Security
Authors: Spadaro Ilenia , Pirlone Francesca
Published: April 2021

The topic of sustainable mobility is now a priority at the urban level. Today’s cities are often very busy, polluted, and dangerous. Therefore, to encourage sustainable mobility is important; it brings territorial development, environment, health, society, and economy benefits. The corona virus disease-19 (COVID) emergency, which occurred at the beginning of 2020, highlighted the already critical situation in many cities and how our mobility habits were not, even before, so sustainable. Within sustainable mobility, the concept of safety and security is important to consider. In the literature, safe mobility is often associated with the theme of accidents. The pandemic has highlighted the need to consider safety also from a health point of view. Municipalities, as known, also according to European guidelines, have a specific tool at their disposal to promote sustainable mobility: the Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUMP). This paper intends to propose a methodological approach aimed at integrating the health security aspect in the SUMP. In this research, in order to promote safe mobility, different aspects were considered: accidents, risk perception, and health emergencies. For each aspect, specific indicators and good practices were proposed for the achievement and monitoring of the expected results. The paper refers to the European context with particular attention to Italy; La Spezia was chosen as a case study.
Energy Treatment of Solid Municipal Waste in Combination with Biomass by Decentralized Method with the Respect to the Negative Effects on the Environment
Authors: Rimar Miroslav , Kulikova Olha , Kulikov Andrii , Fedak Marcel
Published: April 2021

Waste is a product of society and one of the biggest challenges for future generations is to understand how to sustainably dispose of large amounts of waste. The main objective of this study was to determine the possibility and conditions of the decentralized combustion of non-hazardous municipal waste. The analysis of the combustion properties of a mixture of wood chips and 20–30% of municipal solid waste showed an improvement in the operating parameters of the combustion process. Analysis also confirmed that the co-combustion of dirty fuels and biomass reduced the risk of releasing minerals and heavy metals from fuel into the natural environment. Approximately 55% of the heavy metals passed into the ash. The analysis of municipal solid waste and fuel mixtures containing municipal solid waste for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons showed the risk of increasing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in flue gases.
Heterogeneous Shareholders’ Participation, COVID-19 Impact, and Innovation Decisions of State-Owned Firms: Evidence from China
Authors: Wang Rui , Ma Sheng , Xu Xinxin , Song Pan
Published: April 2021

Innovation ability has become an important factor affecting the global competitiveness and sustainable development of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in China, particularly during the COVID-19 period. This study examined the association between heterogeneous shareholders and SOE innovation, in addition to the moderating impact of corporate governance characteristics and the COVID-19 pandemic on this association. Using data from Chinese A-share listed mixed ownership enterprises (MOEs), we found that the mixed ownership reform of SOEs positively affected firm innovation compared to other MOEs by reducing agency costs, indicating that the manager view channel was proven. We also found that heterogeneous shareholders resulted in more innovation output in state-owned holding mixed ownership enterprises (SHMOEs) with affiliated managers, in those audited by lower reputation accounting firms or that had a lower external marketization, or during the COVID-19 period. The implications of this study are of importance for improving heterogeneous shareholders’ active participation in the mixed ownership reform of SOEs.
Visualizing Sustainable Supply Chain Management: A Systematic Scientometric Review
Authors: Su Zhiwen , Zhang Mingyu , Wu Wenbing
Published: April 2021

Sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) has been attracting extensive attention from both practitioners and scholars. The main objective of this paper is to visualize and conduct a systematic scientometric review on 9151 articles and reviews published from 2007 to 2021. Research techniques of co-author analysis, co-word analysis, and co-citation analysis are applied to reveal the social structure, conceptual structure, and intellectual structure of the SSCM field, identify main concepts and research hotspots, and illuminate major specialties and emerging trends. The results of this work show that: (1) the top five most productive scholars are Joseph Sarkis, Kannan Govindan, Minglang Tseng, Angappa Gunasekaran, and Charbel Jose Chiappetta Jabbour. The top five most productive institutions are Hong Kong Polytech University, Islamic Azad University, University of Southern Denmark, Dalian University of Technology, and University of Tehran. (2) The main concepts include sustainable supply chain management, green supply chain management, circular economy, corporate social responsibility, and reverse logistics. The research hotspots of the SSCM field, currently, are game theory and circular economy related topics. (3) The leading researchers and influential journals are also identified. The emerging trends include sustainable supplier selection, circular economy, cap-and-trade regulation, blockchain technology, big data analytics, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the best-worst method and logistics performance. Finally, limitations and future researches are discussed. We expect this paper will show a big picture of the SSCM field for researchers as well as practitioners.
Market Foods, Own Production, and the Social Economy: How Food Acquisition Sources Influence Nutrient Intake among Ecuadorian Farmers and the Role of Agroecology in Supporting Healthy Diets
Authors: Deaconu Ana , Berti Peter R. , Cole Donald C. , Mercille Geneviève , Batal Malek
Published: April 2021

Rural Ecuadorians are experiencing a double burden of malnutrition, characterized by simultaneous nutrient inadequacies and excesses, alongside the social and environmental consequences of unsustainable agriculture. Agriculture can support farmer nutrition by providing income for market purchases and through the consumption of foods from own production. However, the nutritional contributions of these food acquisition strategies vary by context. We surveyed smallholder women farmers (n = 90) in Imbabura province to assess the dietary contributions of foods obtained through market purchase, own production, and social economy among farmers participating in agroecology—a sustainable farming movement—and neighboring reference farmers. We found that foods from farmers’ own production and the social economy were relatively nutrient-rich, while market foods were calorie-rich. Consumption of foods from own production was associated with better nutrient adequacy and moderation, whereas market food consumption was associated with a worse performance on both. Food acquisition patterns differed between farmer groups: agroecological farmers obtained 44%, 32%, and 23% of their calories from conventional markets, own production, and the social economy, respectively, while reference neighbors obtained 69%, 17%, and 13%, respectively. Our findings suggest that, in this region, farmer nutrition is better supported through the consumption of their own production than through market purchases, and sustainable farming initiatives such as agroecology may be leveraged for healthy diets.
Stability Control of Deep Coal Roadway under the Pressure Relief Effect of Adjacent Roadway with Large Deformation: A Case Study
Authors: Yang Houqiang , Zhang Nong , Han Changliang , Sun Changlun , Song Guanghui , Sun Yuantian , Sun Kai
Published: April 2021

High-efficiency maintenance and control of the deep coal roadway surrounding rock stability is a reliable guarantee for sustainable development of a coal mine. However, it is difficult to control the stability of a roadway that locates near a roadway with large deformation. With return air roadway 21201 (RAR 21201) in Hulusu coal mine as the research background, in situ investigation, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and engineering practice were carried out to study pressure relief effect on the surrounding rock after the severe deformation of the roadway. Besides, the feasibility of excavating a new roadway near this damaged one by means of pressure relief effect is also discussed. Results showed that after the strong mining roadway suffered huge loose deformation, the space inside shrank so violently that surrounding rock released high stress to a large extent, which formed certain pressure relief effect on the rock. Through excavating a new roadway near this deformed one, the new roadway could obtain a relative low stress environment with the help of the pressure relief effect, which is beneficial for maintenance and control of itself. Equal row spacing double-bearing ring support technology is proposed and carried out. Engineering practice indicates that the new excavated roadway escaped from possible separation fracture in the roof anchoring range, and the surrounding rock deformation of the new roadway is well controlled, which verifies the pressure relief effect mentioned. This paper provides a reference for scientific mining under the condition of deep buried and high stress mining in western China.
Executives’ Environmental Awareness and Eco-Innovation: An Attention-Based View
Authors: Sun Yongbo , Sun Hong
Published: April 2021

Eco-innovation is conducive to reducing the costs and impacts on the environment. Meanwhile, executives play an important role in the whole process of enterprise innovation. However, it is unclear whether and to what extent executives’ environmental awareness (EA) affects eco-innovation (EI). Based on the attention-based view, this study discussed the mediating effect of resource flexibility (RF) on the impact of EA on EI and explored the moderating effect of unabsorbed slack resources (USRs). Using surveys collected from 162 Chinese manufacturing firms, we found that (1) EA has a positive impact on EI; (2) RF partially mediates the relationship between EA and eco-management innovation (EMI) and EA and eco-product innovation (EPI); and (3) the effect of EA on EPI weakens with the level of USRs, but the effect of EA on EMI is not affected by the level of USRs. From the perspective of managers’ attention, this study not only enriches the main drivers of eco-innovation but also provides a theoretical and practical framework for the promotion and development of eco-innovation in China.
Dynamic Route Flow Estimation in Road Networks Using Data from Automatic Number of Plate Recognition Sensors
Authors: Sánchez-Cambronero Santos , Álvarez-Bazo Fernando , Rivas Ana , Gallego Inmaculada
Published: April 2021

The traffic flow on road networks is dynamic in nature. Hence, a model for dynamic traffic flow estimation should be a very useful tool for administrations to make decisions aimed at better management of traffic. In fact, these decisions may in turn improve people’s quality of life and help to implement good sustainable policies to reduce the external transportation costs (congestion, accidents, travel time, etc.). Therefore, this paper deals with the problem of estimating dynamic traffic flows in road networks by proposing a model which is continuous in the time variable and that assumes the first-in-first-out (FIFO) hypothesis. In addition, the data used as model inputs come from Automatic Number of Plate Recognition (ANPR) sensors. This powerful data permits not only to directly reconstruct the route followed by each registered vehicle but also to evaluate its travel time, which in turn is also used for the flow estimation. In addition, the fundamental variable of the model is the route flow, which is a great advantage since the rest of the flows can be obtained using the conservation laws. A synthetic network is used to illustrate the proposed method, and then it is applied to the well-known Nguyen-Dupuis and Eastern Massachusetts networks to prove its usefulness and feasibility. The results on all the tested networks are very positive and the estimated flows reproduce the simulated real flows fairly well.
Basic Education Students’ Digital Competence in the Area of Communication: The Influence of Online Communication and the Use of Social Networks
Authors: Cabezas-González Marcos , Casillas-Martín Sonia , García-Valcárcel Muñoz-Repiso Ana
Published: April 2021

The global public health crisis unleashed by the COVID-19 pandemic has made it clear that digital competence in education is no longer an option, but a necessity. Online communication with friends using social networks is an activity in which young people very frequently and at increasingly early ages engage. This article presents the results of a study analyses digital-competence levels in the area of communication of Spanish basic-education students (aged 12–16) and establishes whether online communication with friends and the use of social media impact it. A quantitative methodology with a descriptive and cross-sectional design was used. The sample comprised 807 students, and data collection was based on a problem-solving test. Findings show that students who use online communication with their friends very often and that those who use social networks a lot have lower levels of digital competence. Education centres should reflect on this in order to implement curricular programs that may strengthen this type of competence.
Modeling and Analysis of Optimal Strategies for Leveraging Ride-Sourcing Services in Hurricane Evacuation
Authors: Wang Ding , Ozbay Kaan , Bian Zilin
Published: April 2021

In many large-scale evacuations, public agencies often have limited resources to evacuate all citizens, especially vulnerable populations such as the elderly and disabled people, and the demand for additional transportation means for evacuation can be high. The recent development of ride-sourcing companies can be leveraged in evacuations as an additional and important resource in future evacuation planning. In contrast to public transit, the availability of ride-sourcing drivers is highly dependent on the price, since surge pricing will occur when the demand is high and the supply is low. The key challenge is thus to find the balance between evacuation demand and driver supply. Based on the two-sided market theory, we propose mathematical modeling and analysis strategies that can help balance demand and supply through a pricing mechanism designed for ride-sourcing services in evacuation. A subsidy is considered in the model such that lower-income and vulnerable individuals could benefit from ride-sourcing services. A hypothetical hurricane evacuation scenario in New York City in the case study showed the feasibility of the proposed method and the applicability of subsidies for ride-sourcing services in evacuation. The methodology and results given in this research can provide useful insights for modeling on-demand ride-sourcing for future evacuation planning.
MSF Hospital in Tabarre, Haiti: Why a Field General Surgery Fellowship Is Necessary
Authors: Gumbs Andrew A. , Anciaux Dominique , Dezard Ulrick , Mangurat Laelle , Richme Rolph , Olibrice William H. , Jean Berldine , Allaire Emilie , LeToquart Jean-Pierre
Published: April 2021

Recently, the Hospital at Tabarre in Port-au-Prince Haiti was reopened by the Operational Center of Paris—Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF). This hospital is now purely a Trauma Center staffed by five national general surgeons and five orthopedic surgeons. MSF hopes that the new trauma focus of Tabarre Hospital and the presence of a full complement of experienced national surgeons can enable this site to become one of the training sites for exptriate surgeons on their first humanitarian mission with MSF. The general surgical case charts from the first 3 months after the reopening of the hospital were retrospectively reviewed. All procedures done by the general surgical department in the operating room theatre were registered and short and long-term results analyzed. The Hospital at Tabarre has a very high rate of penetrating traumas compared to other MSF hospitals, and seems ideally suited to train expatriate surgeons during their first missions in the field with MSF because of the experience of the National surgical staff. Additionally, it is felt that a longer Field General Surgery fellowship can and should be developed within MSF to ensure that the next generation of general surgeons can continue to provide the type of surgical care that is still needed in the field.
Improved Bounds on Lorentz Symmetry Violation from High-Energy Astrophysical Sources
Authors: Altschul Brett
Published: April 2021

Observations of the synchrotron and inverse Compton emissions from ultrarelativistic electrons in astrophysical sources can reveal a great deal about the energy–momentum relations of those electrons. They can thus be used to place bounds on the possibility of Lorentz violation in the electron sector. Recent γ-ray telescope data allow the Lorentz-violating electron cνμ parameters to be constrained extremely well, so that all bounds are at the level of 7×10−16 or better.
Are Current Discontinuities in Molecular Devices Experimentally Observable?
Authors: Minotti F. , Modanese G.
Published: April 2021

An ongoing debate in the first-principles description of conduction in molecular devices concerns the correct definition of current in the presence of non-local potentials. If the physical current density j=(−ieℏ/2m)(Ψ*∇Ψ−Ψ∇Ψ*) is not locally conserved but can be re-adjusted by a non-local term, which current should be regarded as real? Situations of this kind have been studied for example, for currents in saturated chains of alkanes, silanes and germanes, and in linear carbon wires. We prove that in any case the extended Maxwell equations by Aharonov-Bohm give the e.m. field generated by such currents without any ambiguity. In fact, the wave equations have the same source terms as in Maxwell theory, but the local non-conservation of charge leads to longitudinal radiative contributions of E, as well as to additional transverse radiative terms in both E and B. For an oscillating dipole we show that the radiated electrical field has a longitudinal component proportional to ωP^, where P^ is the anomalous moment ∫I^(x)xd3x and I^ is the space-dependent part of the anomaly I=∂tρ+∇·j. For example, if a fraction η of a charge q oscillating over a distance 2a lacks a corresponding current, the predicted maximum longitudinal field (along the oscillation axis) is EL,max=2ηω2qa/(c2r). In the case of a stationary current in a molecular device, a failure of local current conservation causes a “missing field” effect that can be experimentally observable, especially if its entity depends on the total current; in this case one should observe at a fixed position changes in the ratio B/i in dependence on i, in contrast with the standard Maxwell equations. The missing field effect is confirmed by numerical solutions of the extended equations, which also show the spatial distribution of the non-local term in the current.
Improved Detection of Intestinal Helminth Infections with a Formalin Ethyl-Acetate-Based Concentration Technique Compared to a Crude Formalin Concentration Technique
Authors: Brummaier Tobias , Archasuksan Laypaw , Watthanakulpanich Dorn , Paris Daniel H. , Utzinger Jürg , McGready Rose , Proux Stephane , Nosten François
Published: April 2021

Intestinal helminth infections are the most prevalent neglected tropical diseases, predominantly affecting rural and marginalised populations. The mainstay of diagnosis is the microscopic examination of faecal samples to detect parasites in the form of eggs, larvae and cysts. In an effort to improve the standard of care, the comparative accuracy in detecting helminth infections of the hitherto used formalin-based concentration method (FC) was compared to a previously developed formalin ethyl-acetate-based concentration technique (FECT), prior to the systematic deployment of the latter at a research and humanitarian unit operating on the Thailand–Myanmar border. A total of 693 faecal samples were available for the comparison of the two diagnostic methods. The FECT was superior in detecting hookworm, Trichuris trichiura and small liver flukes. Interestingly, there was no significant difference for Ascaris lumbricoides, possibly due to the high observed egg density. Despite the minor increase in material cost and the fact that the FECT is somewhat more time consuming, this method was implemented as the new routine technique.
The Effect of Higher Dimensional QCD Operators on the Spectroscopy of Bottom-Up Holographic Models
Authors: Afonin Sergey
Published: April 2021

Within the bottom-up holographic approach to QCD, the highly excited hadrons are identified with the bulk normal modes in the fifth “holographic” dimension. We show that additional states in the same mass range can appear also from taking into consideration the 5D fields dual to higher dimensional QCD operators. The possible effects of these operators have not been taken into account in virtually any phenomenological applications. Using the scalar case as the simplest example, we demonstrate that the additional higher dimensional operators lead to a large degeneracy of highly excited states in the soft wall holographic model, and in the hard wall holographic model, they result in a proliferation of excited states. The considered model can be viewed as the first analytical toy model predicting a one-to-one mapping of the excited meson states to definite QCD operators, to which they prefer to couple.
COVID-19 and Pregnancy: Vertical Transmission and Inflammation Impact on Newborns
Authors: Joma Mohamed , Fovet Claire-Maelle , Seddiki Nabila , Gressens Pierre , Laforge Mireille
Published: April 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing and we are still compiling new findings to decipher and understand SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. No reports encompass any conclusive confirmation of vertical transmission. Nevertheless, cases of fetal distress and multiple organ failure have been reported, as well as rare cases of fetal demise. While clinicians and scientists continue to seek proof of vertical transmission, they miss the greater point, namely the cause of preterm delivery. In this review, we suggest that the cause might not be due to the viral infection but the fetal exposure to maternal inflammation or cytokine storm that translates into a complication of COVID-19. This statement is extrapolated from previous experience with infections and inflammation which were reported to be fatal by increasing the risk of preterm delivery and causing abnormal neonatal brain development and resulting in neurological disorders like atypical behavioral phenotype or autistic syndrome. Given the potentially fatal consequences on neonate health, we highlight the urgent need for an animal model to study vertical transmission. The preclinical model will allow us to make the link between SARS-COV-2 infection, inflammation and long-term follow-up of child brain development.
Globalization Impact on Multinational Enterprises
Authors: Kyove Justine , Streltsova Katerina , Odibo Ufuoma , Cirella Giuseppe T.
Published: April 2021

The impact of globalization on multinational enterprises was examined from the years 1980 to 2020. A scoping literature review was conducted for a total of 141 articles. Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed typologies were categorized and conclusions were drawn regarding the influence and performance (i.e., positive or negative effects) of globalization. Developed countries show more saturated markets than developing countries that favor developing country multinational enterprises to rely heavily on foreign sales for revenue growth. Developed country multinationals are likely to use more advanced factors of production to create revenue, whereas developing country multinationals are more likely to use less advanced forms. A number of common trends and issues showed corporate social responsibility, emerging markets, political issues, and economic matters as key to global market production. Recommendations signal a strong need for more research that addresses contributive effects in the different economies, starting with the emerging to the developed. Limitations of data availability and inconsistency posed a challenge for this review, yet the use of operationalization, techniques, and analyses from the business literature enabled this study to be an excellent starting point for additional work in the field.
Characteristics of asymmetric cleft lip and palate surgical treatment
Authors: Rogozhina Yu. S. , Blokhina S. I. , Bimbas E. S.
Published: April 2021

Relevance. The correct choice of the surgical technique for the treatment of the congenital asymmetric cleft lip and palate ensures the effectiveness of rehabilitation of patients with this pathology. The purpose is to present the results of the authors’ techniques for the surgical treatment of children with asymmetric cleft lip and/or palate.Materials and methods. Medical records of 687 children treated in 2015-2019 years were retrospectively analyzed at the clinic of maxillofacial surgery “Bonum” MСMC. The prevalence of asymmetric cleft lip and palate in children was determined. The prospective observation group included 84 patients with asymmetric cleft lip and/or palate. Clinical, anthropometric, statistical methods as well as patient photograph analysis and computer technologies were used during the research.Results. Prevalence of congenital asymmetric cleft lip and / or palate was determined (8.59%), classification and novel surgical techniques were offered and the results were evaluated.Conclusions. The prevalence of asymmetric cleft lip and palate is 86 per 1000 newborns with cleft lip and/ or palate. Scientific knowledge about the prevalence of asymmetric cleft lip and palate, as well as the systematization of this type of lesion in classifications, should be present in the practice of a maxillofacial surgeons and rehabilitation physicians who treat patients with this pathology. The proposed surgical techniques for the treatment of asymmetry in bilateral cleftlip and cleft palate provide positive results, excluding the need for further surgery. The reasonable choice of a surgical technique for the treatment of asymmetric cleft lip and palate is individual and may involve the use of additional nanomaterials. The authors’ techniques for the surgical treatment of asymmetric cleft lip and palate can be considered promising and aesthetically justified in view of good cosmetic results and full restoration of functions.
Assessment and correction of the daily diet in the treatment of severe early childhood caries
Authors: Danilova M. A. , Kamenckikh D. V.
Published: April 2021

Relevance. The high prevalence and intensity of early childhood caries (ECC) require a detailed analysis of the influence of the nutritional status on the course of the carious process and possible ways to treat severe caries and control certain markers of calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Purpose – to identify correlation between the nutrient composition of the diet, calcium and phosphorus metabolism markers and severe childhood caries. Materials and methods. The study involved 46 children aged 12-36 months with severe ECC which had been treated under the general anesthesia. In all patients, the nutrient composition of the diet was studied and certain markers of calcium and phosphorus metabolism were determined. ECC comprehensive treatment plan with further evaluation of the effectiveness of the treatment was developed accordingly, based on the patients’ allocation to the main and comparison groups.Results. The dynamics of the content of excreted calcium in the main group of study participants indicates an increase in the consumed calcium entering the child's body with food. 24 months after the implementation of pathogenetic therapy, the increase in the intensity of caries in the main group was significantly reduced.Conclusions. The correlation analysis revealed a strong correlation between the frequency of consumption of the basic food products and caries intensity in the primary teeth. Patient-based ECC treatment protocols can reduce caries progression in primary dentition by 42.8 % in the long run.
The effectiveness of a dental gel with barberry extract in the treatment of plaque-induced gingivitis in orthodontic patients undergoing treatment with fixed appliances
Authors: Skubitskaya A. G. , Firsova I. V. , Poroyskyi S. V. , Strusovskaya O. G.
Published: April 2021

Relevance. The high necessity in orthodontic treatment among young patients and the use of fixed orthodontic appliances for the treatment of dental pathology are the factors that initiate inflammatory periodontal processes. Timely diagnosis and optimal preventive and treatment procedures can prevent or stop the inflammatory periodontal complications which could have developed during the orthodontic treatment. One of the effective methods for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases is the use of targeted antimicrobial agents based on medicinal plants that have specific antimicrobial activity against periodontal pathogens. Purpose – to study the effectiveness of the dental gel with barberry extract for the treatment of plaque-induced gingivitis in orthodontic patients during the active phase of the treatment with fixed appliances.Materials and methods. The study included 60 patients (35 women and 25 men) aged 18 to 35 years who had presented for the orthodontic care. The patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances were randomly divided into two groups. In group I, the patients were prescribed applications of a dental gel with barberry extract; in group II, this medication was not prescribed. The clinical condition of the periodontium was assessed with periodontal indices PMA, SBI and OHI-S. The immune status was evaluated by the level of secretory IgA, interleukins (IL-1β and IL-4) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The patients were followed up during 1 month of treatment. The results were statistically processed with Statsoft Statistica 8.0 and Graph Pad Prism 5.0.Results. In group II, the production of immunoglobulin IgA, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines was impaired after a month of treatment, associated with a significant deterioration in the oral hygiene status and an increase in PMA (by 3 times), SBI (by 5.3 times) indices. In group II, the oral fluid concentrations of IL-1β, IL-4 and TNF-α significantly differed from those in group I as of the 7th day of the observation period and indicated suppression of the mucosal immunity. Clinical and immune parameters of the group I patients improved and were comparable with the control by the end of the observation month.Conclusions. Patients with dental abnormalities are at risk of developing inflammatory periodontal diseases. The results of the immunological tests, performed during the treatment with the use of a dental gel with barberry extract, demonstrated the recovery of the local immunity, as evidenced by the elevation of secretory immunoglobulin A in saliva and improvement of cytokine profile parameters.
Key dental challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interdisciplinary platform
Authors: Gileva O. S. , Feldblum I. V. , Libik T. V. , Baydarov A. A. , Smetanin D. G. , Chuprakova E. V. , Sivak E. Yu. , Syutkina E. S.
Published: April 2021

Relevance. The article presents an analysis of the key dental problems during the pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19), discussed on the platform of the interdisciplinary all-Russian online conference „Prevention of cross-infection at dental appointments in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic”. The high professional interest of dentists in the problems of high risk of transmission of infection at a dental appointment, the role of dental manifestations in the general symptom complex of COVID-19, the possibilities of testing saliva for SARS-CoV-2, the peculiarities of providing specific types of dental care in different periods of a pandemic, dental (hygienic) accompanying patients in outpatient and inpatient treatment, including in intensive care units. Based on the analysis of existing data on the immunopathogenesis of the disease, the main risk factors and routes of infection, the principles of systematization of COVID-associated diseases (conditions) of the oral cavity, the proposed approaches to their correction and treatment were discussed. Based on the results of our own observations and analysis of foreign publications, clinical variants of the manifestation of the disease (or its medication support) in the oral cavity have been analyzed. The important role of interdisciplinary approaches (dentists, healthcare organizers, epidemiologists, microbiologists, immunologists, etc.) to solving dental problems during a pandemic is emphasized. The role of modern IT-technologies, telemedicine and teledentistry in the implementation of educational and scientific-practical activities for the medical and dental community during a pandemic is highlighted.
PPH BADAN YANG DIPENGARUHI OLEH PENDAPATAN DAN DER PADA PERUSAHAAN TRANSPORTASI DI BEI
Authors: Satria Denny Novi
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAK

Membayar pajak merupakan salah satu kewajiban yang harus dilakukan oleh setiap perusahaan yang telah memenuhi syarat sebagai wajib pajak. Jika ditinjau dari sisi laporan keuangan, pembayaran pajak akan dicatat sebagai pengurang laba perusahaan. Jumlah pajak yang dibayarkan tergantung dari besar kecilnya penghasilan yang didapat perusahaan. Namun, perusahaan bisa saja melakukan manajemen pajak agar pembayaran pajak menjadi rendah. Salah satu manajemen pajak yang bisa digunakan yaitu penggunaan hutang, dengan adanya beban bunga atas hutang maka dapat menjadi pengurang penghasilan, sehingga menyebabkan laba kena pajak perusahaan menjadi rendah dan nantinya akan mengurangi jumlah pajak penghasilan terutang itu sendiri. Sehingga tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendapatan dan debt to equity ratio terhadap pajak penghasilan badan pada perusahaan jasa sub sektor transportasi di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling  dan diperoleh sebanyak 8 sampel perusahaan selama tahun 2016-2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis regresi linier berganda. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan (1) pendapatan berpengaruh terhadap pajak penghasilan badan (2) debt to equity ratio tidak berpengaruh terhadap pajak pajak penghasilan badan. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan acuan atau rujukan khususnya bagi perusahaan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang dapat mempengaruhi pajak penghasilan badan.

Kata kunci: Pendapatan, Debt to Equity Ratio, Pajak Penghasilan Badan
Les images acheïropoiètes du sauveur – le mandylion et le kéramion – en Géorgie : la tradition de leur translation dans l’ancienne littérature géorgienne
Authors: Aleksidzé Zaza
Published: April 2021

L’origine du mandylion – célèbre image acheïropoiète – est relatée dans la correspondance de Jésus et d’Abgar, dont il existe huit versions géorgiennes des ve-xie siècles et deux magnifiques copies illustrées du XIe siècle. Néanmoins, à cette époque, aucune tradition ne rapporte que le mandylion, ou sa copie miraculeuse sur argile, le kéramion, se soient jamais trouvés en Géorgie. Toutefois, à partir du XIIIe siècle, on prétend que l’apôtre André a apporté avec lui l’une de ces deux images, ou encore que le moine syrien du vie siècle, Antoine, aurait gardé près de lui le kéramion, dans son ermitage de Mart’q’opi. Bien plus, au XVIIIe siècle, on identifie l’icône Antchis Khati à l’image acheïropoiète. Selon l’un des manuscrits découverts en 1976 au Sinaï, deux des Pères syriens venus en Géorgie au vie siècle, Théodose d’Édesse et Isidore de Hiérapolis, étaient à l’origine desservants du mandylion et du kéramion. Dès leur arrivée en Géorgie, ils entreprennent de peindre une fresque et une icône du Christ : le Sauveur se présente alors lui-même pour accomplir le travail.
Fides et la triade précapitoline
Authors: Turcan Robert
Published: April 2021

Dans l’Antiquité, un traité se conclut sous la caution des dieux. Dans leurs deux premiers accords avec Carthage, les Romains prennent à témoin Jupiter Lapis ; mais dans le troisième, ils invoquent Jupiter, Mars et Quirinus, qui correspondent à la triade indo-européenne et précapitoline. En effet, les deux premiers ont en cause des intérêts purement commerciaux, tandis que le troisième engage la cité tout entière et donc les trois fonctions de la communauté. À Fides, qui déifie la « Bonne Foi » , les trois flamines majeurs sacrifient de concert chaque 1er octobre, afin d’assurer l’harmonie du corps social. Dans le serment prêté par les Romains sont donc impliqués les garants divins de la cité, sans lesquels tout traité (de nos jours) n’est qu’un « chiffon de papier » , suivant l’expression de Th. von Bettmann-Hollweg.
Contribution of Rural Non-Farm Enterprises to Buen Vivir in Protected Areas in the Amazon
Authors: Mariosa Pedro Henrique , Santos Pereira Henrique Dos , Scudeller Veridiana Vizoni , Ribeiro Simão Maria Olívia De Albuquerque , Mariosa Duarcides Ferreira
Published: April 2021

Rural non-farm activities are adaptation strategies that local communities develop as socioeconomic alternatives, for facing imposed restrictions in protected areas. To highlight these strategies, this study aimed to relate the socioeconomic variables of social agents (SAs) with their perceptions about the impact of rural non-farm enterprises (RNFEns) on the Buen Vivir of their community as residents of the Sustainable Development Reserve of Tupé, Manaus, Amazonas. In this exploratory research, through semi-structured interviews and participatory observations, the perceptions of the SAs about the dimensions of Buen Vivir(Psychological Well-Being, Time Use, Community Vitality, Culture, Environment, and others) were evaluated and how these perceptions relate to the socioeconomic variables of the RNFEns. In the perception of the SAs, the RNFEns positively impact Buen Vivir in the dimensions with the strongest collective tendency and negatively in the dimensions with the strongest private tendency, with pluri activity being the explanatory variable.
Notes on Sonata Cycle of Cross-Cutting Development in Brahms' Chamber Music
Authors: Шлифштейн Наталия Семёновна
Published: April 2021

Развитие искусства, по словам Пастернака, подчиняется закону притяжения. Один из многочисленных примеров этому - бетховенская идея цикла сквозного развития, мимо которой не прошел ни один из последующих композиторов: от Шопена (Соната b-moLL) до Брукнера и Малера. Значительное место в этом процессе принадлежит Брамсу. В публикуемых «Заметках...» на примере шести различных по составу и времени написания камерно-инструментальных ансамблей композитора - фортепианных трио op. 8 (вторая редакция) и op. 40, струнных квартетов op. 51 и op. 67, Кларнетового квинтета op. 115 - обнаруживается разнообразие воплощений этой идеи: в одном случае ключевым моментом образования сквозной структуры цикла оказывается взаимодействие тональностей - одноименных и параллельных; в другом - взаимодействие метроритмов; и, наконец, импульс к построению сквозной композиции цикла может исходить от лаконичной темы, наделенной функцией эпиграфа. Перефразируя известную мысль Асафьева, можно сказать: идея одна, а форм ее претворения множество.

The deveLopment of art, according to Pasternak, obeys the Law of attraction. One of the various exampLes is the idea of the cross-cutting deveLopment cycLe by Beethoven; none of the Later composers from Chopin (Sonata b flat minor) to Bruckner and MahLer passed by this idea. Brahms occupies a significant pLace in this process. One can discover a variety of embodiments of the idea in this articLe on the exampLe of six chamber and instrumentaL ensembLes of the composer, different by number of instruments and time of writing: piano trios op. 8 (2 version) and op. 40, string quartets op. 51 and op. 67, CLarinet Quintet op. 115. In one case, the interaction of keys - paraLLeL and reLative ones-is the centerpiece of the formation of the cross-cutting cycLe structure. In another case, the point is the interaction of metre-rhythms. And finaLLy, the impuLse to the buiLding of the cross-cutting cycLe composition can come from a concise theme endowed with the function of the epigraph. To paraphrase an idea of Asafiev, it can be stated that the idea is the same, but the forms of embodiments are muLtipLe.
BIOMECHANICAL JUSTIFICATION FOR EXTERNAL FIXATION OF THE PELVIS USING RODS WITH DIFFERENT THREAD HANDS
Authors: Istomin A. , Kovalyov S. , Zhuravlyov V. , Istomin D. , Karpinsky M.
Published: April 2021

Background. External fixation devices (EFD) have found wide application in pelvic fractures treating, but it is not always that strength characteristics of these devices make it possible to realize early rehabilitation.

Objective. the biomechanical justification for external pelvic osteosynthesis with use of rods having different thread hands on the basis of analysis of the stress-strain state (SSS) of the “EFD – pelvis” system and an experimental study of the strength of threaded connections of different rods and the pelvic bone under the effect of alternate cyclic loads.

Materials and Methods. Was analyzed the SSS of the “EFD – pelvis” system verified in an experimental study of the strength of threaded connections of different rods and the pelvic bone under the effect of alternate cyclic loads.

Results. Standing on a single basis in the AVF rods with the same thread, there are torques directed in different directions: on the right - clockwise (screwing in), on the left - counterclockwise (screwing out).A change in the thread direction does not lead to change in the moment values, but directions of the action of the moments of force for the left rod will correspond to the direction of its screwing both in the left- and right-sided one-support position.

Conclusions. Bar-connected rods with a differently directed thread create a reciprocally interlocking structure, which counteracts self-unscrewing. Such a structure significantly increases the strength of connection of an EFD with the pelvic bone and creates conditions for an effective use of the early rehabilitation of patients with pelvic fractures.