bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Projecting the compound effects of climate change and white-nose syndrome on North American bat species
Authors: McClure Meredith , Olson Sarah , Haase Catherine , McGuire Liam , Hranac C. , Lausen Cori , Plowright Raina , Fuller Nathan , Hayman David
Published: May 2021

Climate change and disease are threats to biodiversity that may compound
and interact with one another in ways that are difficult to predict.
White-nose syndrome (WNS), caused by a cold-loving fungus
(Pseudogymnoascus destructans), has had devastating impacts on
North American hibernating bats, and impact severity has been linked to
hibernaculum microclimate conditions. As WNS spreads across the
continent and climate conditions change, anticipating these stressors’
combined impacts may improve conservation outcomes for bats. We build on
the recent development of winter species distribution models for five
North American bat species, which used a hybrid correlative-mechanistic
approach to integrate spatially explicit winter survivorship estimates
from a bioenergetic model of hibernation physiology. We apply this
bioenergetic model given the presence of P. destructans ,
including parameters capturing its climate-dependent growth as well as
its climate-dependent effects on host physiology, under both current
climate conditions and scenarios of future climate change. We then
update species distribution models with the resulting survivorship
estimates to predict changes in winter hibernacula suitability under
future conditions. Exposure to P. destructans is generally
projected to decrease bats’ winter occurrence probability, but in many
areas, changes in climate are projected to lessen the detrimental
impacts of WNS. This rescue effect is not predicted for all species or
geographies and may arrive too late to benefit many hibernacula.
However, our findings offer hope that proactive conservation strategies
to minimize other sources of mortality could allow bat populations
exposed to P. destructans to persist long enough for conditions
to improve.
Effect of Tax Avoidance and Company Complexity on Firm Value: The Role of Transparency as a Moderating Variable
Authors: Suryani Thalia Millene , Lastiningsih Noegrahini , Wibawaningsih Ekawati Jati
Published: May 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of tax avoidance and company complexity on firm value with information transparency as a moderating variable so that internal and external parties can evaluate management performance to increase firm value positively. In this study, panel data regression and Moderated Regression Analyst (MRA) were carried out on 78 public manufacturing companies on the IDX during the 2017-2019 period. Tax avoidance is measured by the BTD proxy, the level of complexity is measured by the number of business segments, firm value is measured by Tobin's q proxy, and information transparency is measured by the transparency index released by BAPEPAM. The results show that tax avoidance has a significant negative effect on firm value and firm complexity does not have a significant effect on firm value, while information transparency moderates the relationship between tax avoidance and firm value but is unable to moderate the effect of firm complexity on firm value.
Forage yield components of some tolerant and sensitive grass pea genotype seedlings affected by the salinity stress
Authors: Asadi Seyed , Pourmohammad Alireza , Aliloo Ali-Asghar , Alizadeh Khoshnood , Hassanpouraghdam Mohammad
Published: May 2021

Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) is relatively tolerant to several abiotic
stresses such as salinity. Twenty-five grass pea genotypes provided by the
Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Maragheh, Iran, were exposed to
four salinity levels (0, 40, 80, 120 mM). Based on the primary screen, 8
tolerant genotypes and 17 sensitive genotypes were selected. Principal
components analysis for the sensitive and tolerant genotypes showed that the
first four components explained approximately 71-80% of variance. In PCA,
the coefficients associated with leaf showed that, in tolerant genotypes,
leaf length and leaf number increased but, leaf width decreased. In other
words, salinity stress makes the leaves grow larger and longer, but the
width of the leaves decreases and angle of the leaf becomes tighter. So,
these traits may be used as an index of salinity tolerance in grass pea
selection programs. Cluster analysis based on Ward?s algorithm and Euclidean
distance measure effectively separated the tolerant and sensitive genotypes.
Cut off dendrogram located tolerant genotypes (except one genotype) in the
same subgroup. This fact shows that cluster analysis efficiently divided
and/or separated semi-tolerant tolerant genotypes. Shoot dry weight had
significant negative correlation with pH, plumule length and plantlet
length. Path analysis on tolerant genotypes, revealed the direct effects of
leaf number and pod number with shoot dry weight. In stepwise regression,
two traits including leaf number and pod number were entered into the model.
The results showed that leaf number and pod number had the most direct and
positive effect on the shoot dry weight, and the plant height had the
highest indirect effect through leaf number on the shoot dry weight. About
sensitive genotypes, the results showed that leaf number and fruit fresh
weight had the most direct and positive effect on the shoot dry weight, and
the plant height had the highest indirect effect through leaf number on the
shoot dry weight. Several characteristics were identified to explain shoot
dry weight during path analysis. The selections based on the identified
characters would be more effective in improving yield in the breeding
programs of grass pea.
Genetic diversity and spatial structure of the imperiled European population of Malus trilobata in Greece
Authors: Balaska Konstantina , Adamidis George , Varsamis Georgios , Papalazarou Kyriaki , Karanikola Paraskevi , Manolis Apostolos , Karapetsas Athanasios , Eliades Nicolas-George , Sandaltzopoulos Raphael , Papamatthaiakis Nikolaos , Poirazidis Kostas , Korakis Georgios , Papageorgiou Aristotelis
Published: May 2021

Malus trilobata, is a rare tree species occurring in several small and
disjunct populations in the eastern part of the Mediterranean basin. The
main European population is found in the region of Evros (NE Greece) and is
divided in five distinct subpopulations following the species geographical
pattern. The genetic diversity of approximately the entire population (69
trees) was analyzed using nuclear microsatellite and random genomic markers.
Polymorphism was discovered in 29 out of 45 genomic marker loci (64.44%),
while for nuclear microsatellite markers, all three loci were polymorphic
with an average of 3.75 alleles per locus. Our results unraveled a specific
grouping pattern for both markers. Both genetic markers exhibited relatively
low genetic diversity which is in accordance with the prevalent perception
that species with fragmented distributions tend to have low genetic
diversity, while the differentiation among individuals, revealed a patchy
pattern among small groups of trees separated by roads, firebreaks or
distance. These results indicate a high genetic fragmentation level for the
main European population of M. trilobata, while the presence of roads,
firebreaks, conifer plantations and agricultural land, seem to function as
potential barriers to gene flow. Consequently, and since it is
well-documented that bees hesitate to change foraging patches, as long as
their food is abundant, the observed genetic differentiation patterns could
be partially attributed to the foraging and flight behavior of bees, which
are the main pollinators of the species. The low levels of available genetic
diversity combined with the small overall population and repeated events of
forest fires inside the M. trilobata distribution, perils the survival of
the species and imposes the necessity for a thoroughly organized
conservation strategy.
First evaluation of melon (Cucumis melo. L) landraces under high tunnel condition in Sistan
Authors: Naroui Rad Mohammad , Keikha Gholamali
Published: May 2021

In order to evaluate a number of agro-morphological characteristics in 10
melon population, an experiment based on randomized complete block design
with three replications was carried out in two years (2017-2018) at high
tunnel condition at Zahak Agriculture Research Station. The relationships
among the related traits evaluated using by statistical methods. The
combined analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among
landraces in evaluated traits. A highly and significant correlation was
observed between fruit width and yield (0.81**). Mean comparison using
Duncan?s multiple rang test revealed that maximum yield belonged to landrace
Zardeivanaki with 29160 kg/ha. Factor analysis was used for understanding
the data structure and trait relations. The factor analysis showed that five
factors explained 84% of the total variation among the traits. Therefore,
the selection may be done according to the first component and it was
helpful for a good breeding program for development of high yielding
genotypes also landraces Dargazi, Zardeivanaki and Sabzsooski were placed
very closely indicating that the responses of these landraces to be similar
to high tunnel cultivation condition.
Chemosensitizing effects of methyl jasmonate on paclitaxel-resistant androgen-dependent and independent prostate cancer cell lines
Authors: Orenay-Boyacioglu Seda , Boyacioglu Olcay
Published: May 2021

The taxane-based therapy provides survival benefit in patients with
metastatic prostate cancer; however, the average survival is less than 20
months due to the partial taxane-related chemoresistance. Innovative
strategies are needed to overcome the chemoresistance for improved patient
survival. In this project, paclitaxel-resistance was developed on
androgen-independent PC3 and androgen-dependent 22Rv1 and LNCaP human
prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines to investigate the efficacy of methyl
jasmonate (MeJa), an anti-cancer drug, in overcoming the chemoresistance.
The PCa cell lines were maintained in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10%
fetal bovine serum (FBS) at 37?C under 5% CO2. The cell lines were exposed
to the gradually increasing doses of paclitaxel. Since the resistance on
LNCaP could not be achieved, the study was continued with 22Rv1 cell line.
It was demonstrated that paclitaxel-resistant cell lines overexpress ABCB1.
Resistance levels of cells and MeJa activity in all resistant and parental
lines were measured using CellTiter-Glo? luminescent assay. Test results
were compared with Student?s t-test or analysis of variance (ANOVA). P?0.05
(two-tailed) was considered to be significant. In conclusion, MeJa showed
more cytotoxicity on paclitaxel resistant PC3 (PC3-PtxR) cells than
resistant 22Rv1 (22Rv1-PtxR) cells. Detection of cytotoxic effects of MeJa
in overcoming paclitaxel resistance may contribute to the development of
alternative new compounds for the prevention or chemosensitization of
resistance to chemotherapeutics such as paclitaxel.
Morphologic and cytoplasmic assessments of bulb onion (Allium cepa L.) landraces
Authors: Cebeci Esra , Padem Huseyin , Gokce Ali
Published: May 2021

Today climate change threatens to reduce crop yield and harming the food
security. Local landraces have adaptation skills to shifting climatic
conditions. Using of this local source in plant breeding programs becoming
an alternative strategy. In this study, 97 landraces were collected to
initiate the bulb onion breeding program eligible for the current trends.
Collected materials were morphologically characterized using 21 descriptors,
derived from UPOV (International Union for the Protection of New Varieties
of Plants). Clustering which was conducted by the NTSYS (Numerical Taxonomy
and Multivariate Analysis System) program using UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group
Method of Arithmetic Averages) method, showed that the genetic similarity
rate of the landraces was calculated between 0.06-0.96. Hybrid onion
breeding program depends on the cytoplasmic-genic male sterility (CMS)
system. Thus, the PCR-markers were applied to identify the cytoplasm types
of the landraces. Among landraces N-cytoplasm was found in 78 accessions and
S-cytoplasm was found in 19 accessions. At the end of the study, a qualified
gene pool has been established consisted of characterized onion genotypes
which will might be used in further breeding studies.
Transferability of apple and pear SSRs to other temperate pome fruit crops of family Rosaceae
Authors: Sharma Himani , Sharma Parul , Sharma Rajnish
Published: May 2021

Extensive use of simple sequence repeat (SSR) is facilitated if loci would be
transferable across species even in closely related genera to overcome high
cost and efforts involved in their development as major constraints. In the
present study, apple and pear genomic microsatellite primer pairs were used
to amplify SSR loci in apple, pear, quince and loquat genotypes,
respectively. Already reported SSRs were selected based on their polymorphic
survey for successful amplification with at least one polymerase chain
reaction (PCR) product of the approximate size expected for a homologous
locus screened among apple and pear genotypes for further transferability
exploration across other temperate pome fruit crops, respectively. Highest
transferability of apple and pear SSR, 61.53 % and 73.33 % was observed in
closely related quince and apple genotypes, respectively. This indicated
that primer binding sites between these two closely related genera, Malus
and Pyrus, are fairly well conserved. Maximum transferability rate was found
to be 93.33 % and 80.00 % across all the subjected genotypes for primer
CH05D11 and TSUenh016 in apple and pear, respectively. The transferability
of markers is based on genomic similarity, and can reflect the relationship
of genome collinearity and even evolution between species. This high level
of transferability of apple and pear SSRs to other temperate pome fruit
crops indicated their promise for application to future molecular screening,
map construction, and comparative genomic studies, etc.
Genetical influence on histological structure and chemical composition of muscular tissue in sheep
Authors: Trukhachev Vladimir , Selionova Ivanovna , Dmitrik Irina , Petrovic Milan , Caro-Petrovic Violeta , Ruzic-Muslic Dragana , Maksimovic Nevena
Published: May 2021

The effect of different genotypes kept in the same feeding level on
microstructure and chemical composition of muscular tissue (musculus
longissimus dorsi) of sheep has studied. The study aims to see how the gene
combination of different breeds influences the mentioned problem. It was
revealed that sheep muscular tissue obtained by crossing the North-Caucasian
breeds (NC) and Texel (T) was characterized by a larger quantity of muscular
fibres by 4.73 % and 10.14% (P<0.05), and a smaller diameter by 5.65 % and
18.6% (P< 0.05), a higher evaluation of marbling by 5.2 and 8.3 points, less
connective tissue content by 0.8 and 1.3 absolute percentage compared to
thoroughbred North-Caucasian and from crossing North-Caucasian with Poll
Dorset (PD). It showed that meat obtained from crossing animals of the T?NC
variant is more delicate, succulent, and has a total higher quality and
consumer properties. The results of different crossing indicate the
reasonability to use morphological characteristics of muscular tissue on the
histological level when the quality of sheep slaughtering performance had
evaluated.
Heat-induced accumulation of proline and yield components in genetically divergent cereal varieties
Authors: Markovic Stefan , Knezevic Desimir , Nesovic Nenad , Djukic Nevena
Published: May 2021

Growth and development of cereals is affected by abiotic factors,
particularly by high temperature. An important factor in plant adaptation to
abiotic stress can be the proline accumulation. Proline is an amino acid
involved in a series of metabolic processes and is important as a protein
stabilizer, osmolyte and antioxidant. The aim of this experiment was to
determine the effect of high temperature on the proline content and yield
elements in different cereal varieties during two vegetative seasons. For
the investigation, plant material of 8 genetically divergent winter wheat
varieties, 1 variety of triticale and 1 oat variety were used. Samples were
collected in days with moderate midday air temperatures of 24-26?C in the
milk stage and after a few days in the same phenological stage, in
conditions of high midday air temperatures of 34-36?C. Proline accumulation
was determined spectrophotometrically. Statistical analyses of data were
done in the SPSS program. The results during the first experimental year
showed that under moderate air temperature conditions proline content was
0.661 ?mol g-1 fresh plant, and in the second experimental year 0.777 ?mol
g-1 fresh plant. Under conditions of heat stress during the first year, the
content of proline increased to 2.169 ?mol g-1 fresh plant, and in the
second experimental year the average content was 2.510 ?mol g-1 fresh plant,
which confirms the increase of proline accumulations under heat stress.
Compared with other cereal varieties, wheat varieties Zvezdana, Pobeda,
Simonida and Avenu were characterized by higher contents of proline in
conditions of heat stress in both vegetative seasons. Statistical analysis
and correlation of the results of proline accumulation and yield elements
showed that more resistant varieties to heat stress conditions have higher
yields.
Population genetics in multiple scales: Genetic microstructure of a cat population in Colombia
Authors: Peñuela Mauricio , Patiño-Montoya Angie , Peña-Cruz Andrés , Cárdenas Heiber
Published: May 2021

Considering of multiples research of genetic in cats, the objective of this
study was to compare the genetic diversity of the domestic cat population at
different spatial and temporal scales. According to the administrative
division of the city of Cali, 8 colonies (localities) were chosen, which
together form 5 subpopulations within the city for sampling. The phenotype
from each individual?s coat was recognized for the subsequent calculation of
allele frequencies, Hardy-Weinberg (HW) equilibrium, genetic structure, and
correlated genetic diversity and structure with antiquity in each
neighborhood. The non-agouti allele obtained the highest frequencies, and
the white allele had the lowest frequencies in all colonies and
subpopulations; the manx allele was also reported. HW equilibrium was found
in the orange locus, except for the Salomia, Sena and Santa Barbara colonies
of the NW subpopulation. A significant association was found between the
diversity of the tabby locus and antiquity and the differentiation of the
colonies (FCT) with antiquity of colonies. In conclusion, domestic cats in
the city of Cali behave as a single population, with incipient genetic
microstructure phenomena, which are part of the natural dynamics of the
population in their interaction with the urban environment.
The influence of genetic β-lactoglobulin polymorphism on the quantity and quality of milk of the Simmental breed in Serbia
Authors: Niksic Dragan , Pantelic Vlada , Ostojic-Andric Dusica , Stanojevic Dragan , Delic Nikola , Stanojkovic Aleksandar , Petricevic Maja
Published: May 2021

The study of the link between genes controlling protein polymorphism and milk
performance traits of domestic animals has great economic importance from a
selection point of view, as it reduces the generation interval, leading to
increased productivity in livestock. The objective of this paper was to
establish the influence of genetic ? -lactoglobulin polymorphism on the
quantity and quality of milk of the simmental breed in Serbi?. For the
research blood samples were taken from a total of 157 Simmental cows. The
genotypes of Simmental cows for ?-lactoblobulin and their effect on
quantitative milk performance traits were determined using the PCR-RFLP
analysis. The variability of traits influenced by the genetic polymorphism
of ?-lactoblobulin was statistically very highly significant (p <0.0001) for
milk yield in standard lactation and milk fat and protein yields, while it
showed no statistically significant variability (p> 0.05) for content of
milk fat and protein. The genotype cows achieved a 121 kg and 338 kg
increase in milk production compared to the BB genotype and AA genotype
cows, respectively.
Sequence analyses of insulin-like growth factor 1 gene in Nigerian indigenous and arbor acre chickens
Authors: Wheto M. , Ismaila O.O. , Adeleke M.A. , Adenaike A.S. , Peters S.O. , Yakubu A. , Adebambo A.O. , Ikeobi C.O.N. , Adebambo O.A.
Published: May 2021

Alpha % Indigenous chicken % Gene % Sequence
KR nema
The chicken Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) is a candidate gene for
growth, body composition and metabolism, skeletal characteristics and growth
of adipose tissue and fat deposition in chickens. It is mapped to 165.95 cM
on chromosome 1 and composed of four exons and three introns, spanning more
than 50 kb. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples collected from the
experimental birds using Qiagen DNA extraction kits. Polymersae chain
reaction (PCR) was carried out using established primers. The PCR amplicon
involving 5?untranslated region were sequenced. The sequences were analysed
to identify polymorphisms, their genetic diversities and evolutionary
relationships among three strains of Nigerian indigenous chickens [Frizzle
Feathered (7), Normal Feathered (19) and Naked Neck (19), and the Arbor Acre
broiler chicken (17)]. Nucleotide sequences generated were edited and
aligned using Codon Code Aligner. Diversity analysis was done using DnaSp
while MEGA6 software was used to plot phylogenetic tree using maximum
likelihood method. A total of nineteen single nucleotide polymorphisms
(SNPs) were detected from 560 bp portions of the 5?UTR among the four
chicken populations studied with none detected in the Frizzle feathered
chicken. The Naked neck chicken had the highest number of SNP?s (13),
haplotypes (6), haplotype diversity (0.778), nucleotide diversity (0.00487),
average number of nucleotide differences (2.725), highest number of
polymorphic (segregating) sites (13), parsimony informative site (5) and
singleton variable site (8). The Naked neck chicken therefore had the
highest rate of mutation and degree of allelic variation compared to other
chicken strains used in this study. The phylogenetic tree showed that small
genetic differentiation exists among the chicken populations studied. Some
of the SNPs are newly discovered; hence, association between these alleles
and productive traits in Nigerian native chickens is desirable in future
studies.
Diabetic Polyneuropathy Early in Type 2 Diabetes Is Associated With Higher Incidence Rate of Cardiovascular Disease: Results From Two Danish Cohort Studies
Authors: Bjerg Lasse , Nicolaisen Sia K. , Christensen Diana H. , Nielsen Jens S. , Andersen Signe T. , Jørgensen Marit E. , Jensen Troels S. , Sandbæk Annelli , Andersen Henning , Beck-Nielsen Henning , Sørensen Henrik T. , Witte Daniel R. , Thomsen Reimar W. , Charles Morten
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE

Symptoms indicative of diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) early in type 2 diabetes may act as a marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We linked data from two Danish type 2 diabetes cohorts, the Anglo-Danish-Dutch Study of Intensive Treatment in People With Screen-Detected Diabetes in Primary Care (ADDITION-Denmark) and the Danish Centre for Strategic Research in Type 2 Diabetes (DD2), to national health care registers. The Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument questionnaire (MNSIq) was completed at diabetes diagnosis in ADDITION-Denmark and at a median of 4.6 years after diagnosis of diabetes in DD2. An MNSIq score ≥4 was considered as indicative of DPN. Using Poisson regressions, we computed incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of CVD and all-cause mortality comparing MNSIq scores ≥4 with scores <4. Analyses were adjusted for a range of established CVD risk factors.

RESULTS

In total, 1,445 (ADDITION-Denmark) and 5,028 (DD2) individuals were included in the study. Compared with MNSIq scores <4, MNSIq scores ≥4 were associated with higher incidence rate of CVD, with IRRs of 1.79 (95% CI 1.38–2.31) in ADDITION-Denmark, 1.57 (CI 1.27–1.94) in the DD2, and a combined IRR of 1.65 (CI 1.41–1.95) in a fixed-effect meta-analysis. MNSIq scores ≥4 did not associate with mortality; combined mortality rate ratio was 1.11 (CI 0.83–1.48).

CONCLUSIONS

The MNSIq may be a tool to identify a subgroup within individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes with a high incidence rate of subsequent CVD. MNSIq scores ≥4, indicating DPN, were associated with a markedly higher incidence rate of CVD, beyond that conferred by established CVD risk factors.
Health Care Providers’ Emotional Responses to Their Patients’ Hypoglycemic Events: Qualitative Findings From the InHypo-DM Study, Canada
Authors: Brown Judith Belle , Reichert Sonja M. , Valliere Yashoda , McLachlan Cecelia , Webster-Bogaert Susan , Ratzki-Leewing Alexandria , Ryan Bridget L. , Harris Stewart B.
Published: May 2021

Objective

Hypoglycemia can cause psychological distress in people with diabetes; however, less is understood about the emotional impact of hypoglycemia on their health care providers (HCPs). This article focuses on the experiences and emotions of HCPs caring for patients with diabetes.

Methods

This was a descriptive qualitative study from the InHypo-DM research program. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 20 HCPs from a variety of professions for 30- to 45-minute semi-structured interviews. An iterative analysis was conducted to identify the overarching themes.

Results

Three overarching themes encompassed the responses of participants when their patients experienced hypoglycemia. The first was a sense of professional responsibility, as participants felt they must have failed or inadequately fulfilled their professional duties. The second was a more personal range of emotions such as sadness and guilt. The final theme was how these emotions created a “call to action,” prompting participants to identify potential strategies to prevent future hypoglycemic events.

Conclusion

This qualitative study highlights the emotional impact of patients’ hypoglycemia on HCPs. Although it may have been expected that HCPs have a strong sense of professional responsibility, it was unexpected that these responses often became personal emotions. To ameliorate the negative impact of these responses on patient care, HCPs should engage in activities that enable them to anticipate and manage their own emotional responses. In addition, strategies to optimize hypoglycemia detection and prevention should be promoted.
Sensing Algae: On Marjolijn Dijkman and Toril Johannessen’s Reclaiming Vision
Authors: Zeiner-Henriksen Eirik
Published: May 2021

This chapter explores questions of ontology and non-human life in the site-specific screening of Marjolijn Dijkman and Toril Johannessen’s film Reclaiming Vision, shown at the point where the river flows into the fjord in a recently developed area of downtown Oslo. By filming water samples through a microscope, the artists have magnified the rich, microbiotic life of the Aker River and the inner Oslo Fjord, making actants such as algae, bacteria and fungi visible to humans. The chapter claims that by presenting life from the position of the microorganisms in the water, Reclaiming Vision presents a radical and flat form of ontology that brings up important ethical and political perspectives that are vital for developing ways of living together with the non-humans that surround us.
Exhibiting Nordic Values: A Critical Look at the IKEA Store
Authors: Biffi Riccardo
Published: May 2021

IKEA proposes a distinct showroom experience for its stores globally—a successful model that is frequently imitated by competitors and widely analysed by academics. In this chapter, the IKEA showroom is considered as a cultural institution rather than a store: a museum of modern living. The ‘IKEA Museum’ is evaluated for its cultural impact, focusing mostly on the narrative that it offers to the visitor regarding his/her own role and agency in the Anthropocene. Drawing on authors such as Walter Benjamin, Giorgio Agamben, Carol Duncan and Naomi Klein, it is argued that the choices in showroom design and brand messages portray many known tropes of neoliberal culture, reducing the citizen to an individual consumer rather than empowering his/her political awareness. The chapter ends with a suggestive subversion of the current situation, as the IKEA showroom is briefly re-imagined as a more ethical and culturally responsible version of itself.
Solar Reflections: On the Sun Mirror in Rjukan
Authors: Fallberg Liv Gunhild
Published: May 2021

The Sun Mirror (2013) by Martin Andersen is a mirror machine placed upon a mountain top. It reflects sunlight down to the town square in Rjukan, a small Norwegian town that is located in the shade for almost six months each year. Based on a century-old idea, the mirror realised the dream of Rjukan’s inhabitants to see the sun in wintertime. What makes the idea of a man-made sun mirror still relevant in the 21st Century, 100 years after its first mention in the heyday of the Second Industrial Revolution? This chapter contextualises the Sun Mirror by discussing ecological aesthetics and argues that despite its technological structure, the mirror opposes treating nature as a recourse for human exploitation. Rather it makes visible the properties of the sun (the sun’s temporality and rhythm) and promotes the sun in itself as life-giving and vital for us humans.
Uncanny Drought: On Apichaya Wanthiang’s Evil Spirits Only Travel in Straight Lines
Authors: Erdal Tiril Sofie
Published: May 2021

Apichaya Wanthiang’s art installation Evil Spirits Only Travel in Straight Lines (2018) recreated a drought in Thailand by filling the gallery space in Oslo with soothing heat emanating from huge, dry, dirt sculptures. Visitors to the exhibition were encouraged to both touch and sit down on the dried clay sculptures. They were bone dry and felt warm on the skin. The recreated environmental event was contrasted with the freezing Oslo winter outside the gallery space, but the inside and the outside of the gallery were also connected through a synchronisation of the dim light in the exhibition space and the ongoing dusk outside—opening up for the sensorial aspect of climatic change. By describing a subjective experience of Wanthiang’s environmental event, this chapter shows how an uncanny drought in an exhibition space can activate a mode of habituation when faced with the overwhelming consequences of the age of humans.
Fractional-order mathematical model for analysing impact of quarantine on transmission of COVID-19 in India
Authors:   School of Mathematical Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Pawar D. D. , Patil W. D. ,   Department of Applied Mathematics, A.C.Patil College of Engineering, Raut D. K. ,   Department of Mathematics, Shivaji Mahavidyalaya, Renapur
Published: May 2021

An outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease was first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019. In India, the first case was reported on January 30, 2020 on a person with a travel history to an affected country. Considering the fact of a heavily populated and diversified country like India, we have proposed a novel fractional-order mathematical model to elicit the transmission dynamics of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the control strategy for India. The classical SEIR model is employed in three compartments, namely: quarantined immigrated population, non-quarantined asymptomatic immigrated population, and local population subjected to lockdown in the containment areas by the government of India to prevent the spread of disease in India. We have also taken into account the physical interactions between them to evaluate the coronavirus transmission dynamics. The basic reproduction number ($R_{0}$) has been derived to determine the communicability of the disease. Numerical simulation is done by using the generalised Euler method. To check the feasibility of our analysis, we have investigated some numerical simulations for various fractional orders by varying values of the parameters with help of MATLAB to fit the realistic pandemic scenario.
Multicriteria problem of evaluation of the enterprise labor protection management system efficiency
Authors:   National University of Forestry and Wood Technology, Olyanyshen T. V. , Storozhuk V. М. ,   National University of Forestry and Wood Technology, Yatsiuk R. A. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Korzh H. I. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Ratushniak Yu. V. ,   IT STEP University, Melnikov A. V. ,   IT STEP University
Published: May 2021

Introduction of the system of enterprise labor protection management still remains a topical question for business entities of production and non-production activity spheres. The effectiveness evaluation of enterprise labor protection management is based on the method of multicriteria choice of alternatives using the fuzzy preference relations. The application of the chosen method allows, unlike the other methods, to identify its shortcomings in all objectivity detecting the adverse consequences. Therefore, the situation can be normalized in time.
PENENTUAN DOSIS OPTIMUM NATRIUM HIPOKLORIT PADA PROSES KLORINASI INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH PERUSAHAAN FARMASI
Authors: Prinajati Purnomosutji Dyah
Published: May 2021

Perusahaan farmasi yang turut andil dalam menjaga lingkungan. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan adalah dengan membangun Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL). Pengembangan Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) pun terus dilakukan oleh Perusahaan Farmasi, agar selalu dapat memenuhi baku mutu yang ditetapkan oleh Pemerintah. Oleh Karena itu, dibangun unit klorinasi dengan menambahkan bahan kimia klorin pada Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) pada Perusahaan Farmasi. Namun, apabila penggunaan klorin pada unit klorinasi tidak tepat maka akan menimbulkan dampak bagi lingkungan. Karena hal tersebut, dilakukan penelitian penentuan dosis optimum klorin pada unit klorinasi untuk mendapatkan dosis optimum klorin dari nilai bebas klorin yang tidak melebihi baku mutu klorin bebas dalam air limbah. Penentuan konsentrasi dosis optimum klorin dilakukan dengan metode Jartest. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan maka ditetapkan konsentrasi dosis optimum klorin yang ditambahkan pada unit klorinasi pada Perusahaan Farmasi ini sebesar 6 mg/L.
Evaluación de la humedad relativa y temperatura como factores en el proceso sol-gel de nanomateriales para conservación de roca
Authors:   , Meléndez García Daniel
Published: May 2021

En el campo de la conservación restauración de patrimonio cultural construido en roca se han desarrollado multitud de tratamientos de intervención, con el propósito de recuperar características originales de los elementos pétreos, así como de protegerlos frente a la acción de las causas de su deterioro. Los productos basados en alcoxisilanos han demostrado ser loa más idóneos como tratamientos de consolidación e hidrofugación en un gran número de intervenciones, los cuales se aplican como soles y polimerizan de forma espontánea en el interior de la estructura porosa de la roca, como parte de un clásico proceso sol-gel. Debido a la gran variedad de factores que actúan durante el proceso de intervención en roca (parámetros ambientales del entorno, características del material pétreo, etc.), los tratamientos pueden presentar diferentes grados de eficacia y durabilidad. Factores como la humedad relativa y la temperatura afectan significativamente a las velocidades de hidrolisis y de condensación de los alcoxisilanos. Durante la época de polimerización se origina el sol de partida, el cual tiene una decisiva influencia sobre algunas características físicas y químicas de los geles obtenidos. No obstante, factores que intervienen también en otras etapas del proceso sol-gel, pueden condicionar tanto la microestructura de los geles como sus propiedades mecánicas, y conducir, por tanto, a grados variables de eficacia y durabilidad como tratamientos de conservación-restauración de roca. Motivados por esto, en el presente trabajo de investigación se evalúa como la humedad relativa y la temperatura afectan algunas propiedades (grado de contracción, elasticidad y porosidad, fundamentalmente) de nanomateriales basados en alcoxisilanos. Además, se establece la relación que existe entre estas propiedades y las eficacias consolidante e hidrofugante en una roca patrimonial silícea de porosidad intermedia.
Game-Based Learning: Media Konstruktif Pembelajaran Mandiri Bagi Siswa
Authors: Gunanto Samuel Gandang
Published: May 2021

Pembelajaran mandiri membutuhkan motivasi dan disiplin yang tinggi. Materi ajar yang terstruktur dan kontekstual juga merupakan faktor keberhasilan proses belajar yang mampu meningkatkan partisipasi aktif siswa. Pembelajaran mandiri di masa pandemi COVID-19 menjadi sebuah strategi transformasi sistem pendidikan di Indonesia baik yang berbantukan teknologi maupun yang mengandalkan interaksi manual di daerah pelosok Indonesia. Formula yang tepat dalam mengimplementasikannya sangat perlu diteliti dengan menggunakan beragam media sebagai alat bantu belajar. Gim sebagai sebuah media belajar muncul sebagai alternatif yang mampu mengintegrasikan elemen belajar yang tersusun sistematis. Skenario pembelajaran dapat diterapkan secara kontekstual yang mendekatkan materi belajar ke siswa dengan cara yang lebih natural. Proses belajar menjadi lebih menyenangkan dan terjadi secara sukarela. Penelitian ini akan mencoba memformulakan pembelajaran mandiri dan konstruktif bagi siswa dengan menggunakan media gim, sehingga dapat menjadi acuan bagi pendidik yang ingin menggunakan atau mengimplementasikannya dalam sistem pembelajaran di kelas.
Presentación
Authors: Gayol Victor
Published: May 2021

Presentación
Masculinidades de seminaristas: la masculinidad religiosa y la masculinidad clerical
Authors: Badillo Bárcenas Mariana , Alberti Manzanares María del Pilar
Published: May 2021

Este estudio aborda la formación sacerdotal y la manera en que diversos factores se entretejen y dan como resultado dos masculinidades en relación con el entorno rural del Municipio de Texcoco, Estado de México. La metodología consistió en la aplicación de diversos instrumentos de los cuales se obtuvieron datos cuantitativos y cualitativos. Con base en lo anterior se propusieron dos conceptos de masculinidad que son: 1) masculinidad religiosa, características de los varones que eligen el sacerdocio; y 2) masculinidad clerical, características de los varones que se encuentran en la formación sacerdotal.
AVICENNA’S INFORMATION ABOUT THE HEALING PROPERTIES OF BLACK SEED
Authors:   Institute of Avicenna’s Medicine and Pharmacology, Nuraliev Yusuf , Ganieva Manizha ,   the Department of Neurology and Basics of Medical Genetics, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Nuraliev Lukmon ,   Central Scientific Research Laboratory, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: May 2021

The end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries in modern medicine can be called the era of the second birth and large-scale phytochemical and pharmacological study of black seed (Nigella sativa L. ). Today, the experience of the famous doctor and encyclopedist Avicenna on the clinical use of herbal medicines, created on the basis of black seed, can be a boost for their safe use against many severe human diseases. Nigella sativa L. is considered to be an ancient medicinal preparation of Eastern medicine. In this review, we analyzed five books, «The Canon of Medical Science», some other medicinal treatises of Avicenna, as well as modern studies on therapeutic properties and practical applications of black seed. Collected information from various books of the scientist were subjected to pharmacological, phytochemical and biochemical screening. Keywords: Abuali ibni Sino, Avicenna, black seed, Nigella sativa L., «Canon of Medical Science», «Al-Vohia», phytotherapy, misaj
Source sink relationship, dry matter and starch partitioning in developing ginger rhizomes during different growth stages
Authors: Krishnamurthy K.S. , Kandiannan K.
Published: May 2021

Source sink relationship, dry matter and starch partitioning, rhizome bulking process in relation to dry matter and starch partitioning in developing rhizomes and growth and gas exchange parameters were studied in three popular varieties of ginger viz., IISR Varada, IISR Mahima and IISR Rejatha. Results revealed that maximum tiller production and leaf area accumulation occurred between 60 and 120 days after planting (DAP) in all three varieties. Photosynthetic rate and hormone contents (auxin and cytokinin) increased from 90-120 DAP, peaked at 120 DAP and then started declining. Biomass partitioning data revealed that the active biomass accumulation stage was between 60 and 150 DAP in ginger. The dry matter accumulation pattern in rhizomes also revealed that maximum dry matter accumulation in rhizomes also occurred between 60 and 150 DAP in all the three varieties. Maximum starch accumulation in the rhizomes also occurred during the same period. These results suggest that most of the rhizome bulking process occurred between 60 and150 DAP in ginger. Total biomass accumulation, dry matter accumulation and starch accumulation in rhizomes followed similar trends.
Damage control surgery for splenic trauma: "preserve an organ - preserve a life"
Authors: Serna Carlos , Serna José Julian , Caicedo Yaset , Padilla Natalia , Gallego Linda M , Salcedo Alexander , Rodríguez-Holguín Fernando , González-Hadad Adolfo , Garcia Alberto , Herrera Mario Alain , Parra Michael W , Ordoñez Carlos Alberto
Published: May 2021

The spleen is one of the most commonly injured solid organs of the abdominal cavity and an early diagnosis can reduce the associated mortality. Over the past couple of decades, management of splenic injuries has evolved to a prefered non-operative approach even in severely injured cases. However, the optimal surgical management of splenic trauma in severely injured patients remains controversial. This article aims to present an algorithm for the management of splenic trauma in severely injured patients, that includes basic principles of damage control surgery and is based on the experience obtained by the Trauma and Emergency Surgery Group (CTE) of Cali, Colombia. The choice between a conservative or a surgical approach depends on the hemodynamic status of the patient. In hemodynamically stable patients, a computed tomography angiogram should be performed to determine if non-operative management is feasible and if angioembolization is required. While hemodynamically unstable patients should be transferred immediately to the operating room for damage control surgery, which includes splenic packing and placement of a negative pressure dressing, followed by angiography with embolization of any ongoing arterial bleeding. It is our recommendation that both damage control principles and emerging endovascular technologies should be applied to achieve splenic salvage when possible. However, if surgical bleeding persists a splenectomy may be required as a definitive lifesaving maneuver.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on sustainable development goals: What we learn from the past and where we are heading?
Authors: Hishan Sanil S , Qureshi Muhammad Imran , Khan Nohman , Ramakrishnan Suresh , Jaiprakash Heethal , Vaicondam Yamunah
Published: May 2021

Recently, the world is witnessing a severe global health issue owing to the COVID 19 pandemic, initially encountered at the city of Wuhan in Hubei province in China.  It spread rapidly, so do the fatality ratio. This pandemic has jeopardized the sustainable development goals at large. Still, the future is uncertain. The current study aimed to serve a multi-fold objective. First is to review the past literature on the coronavirus family to map our current understanding of its epidemic outbarks and to overview its social, environmental, and economic impact. Finally, to provide future agenda for policymakers to restrain the sustainable development goals. We used Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases for the systematic literature review process. We followed a strict screening process recommended in the PRISMA guidelines for the screening and quality assessment of systematic literature review. Final 51 studies were included for the systematic literature review. A systematic review of the past literature identified severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS), bovine Coronavirus, canine Coronavirus, and feline Coronavirus are the significant classifications of the Coronavirus family discuss in the literature. We highlighted the potential pitfalls in the past literature, mainly serious scarce of collaborative and multidisciplinary research on the pandemic, although several researchers in the past highlighted the issue. However, these studies were mostly in a lab setting and experimental design. We provided a framework for a pandemic strategic response plan through multidisciplinary research to mitigate the impact of the recent COVID-19 pandemic and to be prepared for future episodes.
Level of socio-economic development of Silk Road Initiative countries. Taxonomic Approach
Authors: Kompa Krzysztof
Published: May 2021

The Chinese economy, after the reforms in the late 70s and early 80s of the twentieth century, including the opening of the economy to international trade and foreign direct investment, became in the last 40 years the world's largest economy, with undisguised ambitions to change the global status quo in terms of control of strategic flows and supply chains. Reactivation of the historic Silk Road is seen as a vehicle to achieve such a geopolitical ambition. The aim of this paper is to study and compare the socio-economic development of countries belonging to the New Silk Road project. The study covers the period from 2004 to 2018. Evaluation of the countries is provided by constructed socio-economic taxonomic measures, which are used to cluster countries into homogenous classes, with particular emphasis on the position of China in these comparisons, and to distinguish potential directions of the investment. Provided research shows that countries belonging to the New Silk Road are very diverse. We may distinguish regions of better and worse level of socio-economic development which is consistent with the generally accepted knowledge. However, we also obtained some unexpected results. China, which was classified as a country with average level of development (in all but one years) made a great progress in the analyzed period.
The role of the emotions of guilt and shame in methodology of research on social emotions
Authors: Shiller Alexandra
Published: May 2021

This article is dedicated to examination of the role of guilt and shame, namely to prevalence one of these emotions in a particular culture as the leading mechanism of social control. The prevalence of guilt or shame as a cultural “dimension” has become one of the first criteria for the division of cultures into Western and Eastern, and was used by the researchers as a basic postulate for cross-cultural r. Over time, the perception of emotions as the criterion for the division of cultures has been revised. The article traces the history of research on emotions in general, namely the emotions of guilt and shame as social emotions, as well as describes guilt and shame as collective and individual experiences. Analysis is conducted on the role of guilt and shame in methodology of research on social emotions, cross-cultural studies. The author outlines certain methodological problems and contradictions, and assesses the current state of scientific research dedicated to social emotions. The conclusion is made that the research on collective sense of guilt and shame is more advanced from the perspective of cross-cultural psychology and philosophy, as well as the overall methodology of science; it allows shifting from the study of the role of individual emotions in interpersonal (conditioned by collective ties), intergroup and intragroup communication towards the integrated study of emotions associated with interaction of the individual and society, i.e. social experiences.