bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Prognostic Model for Acute Myeloid Leukemia Based on Gene Set Variation Analysis
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Wang Qianqian , Xia Haoran , Liu Hui
Published: November 2022

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant hematological malignancy with a poor prognosis. Risk stratification of patients with AML is mainly based on the characteristics of cytogenetics and molecular genetics; however, patients with favorable genetics may have a poor prognosis. Here, we focused on the activity changes of immunologic and hallmark gene sets in the AML population. Based on the enrichment score of gene sets by gene set variation analysis (GSVA), we identified three AML subtypes by the nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) algorithm in the TCGA cohort. AML patients in subgroup 1 had worse overall survival (OS) than subgroups 2 and 3 (

P
<
0.001

). The median overall survival (mOS) of subgroups 1–3 was 0.4, 2.2, and 1.7 years, respectively. Clinical characteristics, including age and FAB classification, were significantly different among each subgroup. Using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression method, we discovered three prognostic gene sets and established the final prognostic model based on them. Patients in the high-risk group had significantly shorter OS than those in the low-risk group in the TCGA cohort (

P
<
0.001

) with mOS of 2.2 and 0.7 years in the low- and high-risk groups, respectively. The results were further validated in the GSE146173 and GSE12417 cohorts. We further identified the key genes of prognostic gene sets using a protein-protein interaction network. In conclusion, the study established and validated a novel prognostic model for risk stratification in AML, which provides a new perspective for accurate prognosis assessment.
Preparation of Ultrafine Disperse Dyes Based on the Efficiency Balance of Grinding and Dyeing
Authors: Qiu Jingsi , Liu Yue
Published: November 2022

As dispersive dyes are nonionic dyes, the particle size and particle-size distribution will significantly affect the dyeing performance. In this study, the grinding conditions, the granularity of disperse dye, and the dyeing performance were combined to study their connection further and to get better grinding process parameters for monoazo-structure disperse dyes. Through experimental research on three factors, namely, grinding time, size of grinding media, and mass ratio of grinding media to dyes, the preferred results are as follows, which could be selected based on different grinding purposes in detail. The grinding media group is Φ1 mm/Φ0.1 mm (1 : 1 mass ratio) or Φ3 mm/Φ1 mm (1 : 1 mass ratio), the mass ratio of grinding media to dyes is 5 : 1 or 10 : 1, and the grinding time range is 2–5 h. These parameters can make the overall work of coarse dyes’ grinding and dyeing more efficient, avoiding the waste of cost and the increase in workload.
DPP-4 Inhibitor Improved the Cognitive Function in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Hu Ying , Wang Jiancheng , Wang Jiao , Chen Wen , Zhang Qin
Published: November 2022

Diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction is a major problem of the international community. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are drugs with hypoglycemic effect widely used in diabetic treatment in clinic. In this article, we studied the effect of the DPP-4 inhibitor saxagliptin on cognitive function in diabetic rats. Firstly, to observe cognitive dysfunction caused by diabetes, we built the diabetic rat model. Subsequently, the effect of diabetes on cognitive function was evaluated by Morris Water Maze Task. Thirdly, the mechanism of the alleviation effect of DPP-4 inhibitor on cognitive dysfunction was investigated. Specifically, (1) the anti-inflammation mechanism was revealed by quantifying the accumulation of the inflammatory factor interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the hippocampus area by western blotting and the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) by immunohistochemistry; (2) the anti-tau phosphorylation mechanism was revealed by quantifying phosphorylated tau by western blotting. This work represents the first study demonstrating the alleviation effect of DPP-4 inhibitor on cognitive dysfunction caused by diabetes. Results obtained here could be useful to seeking for a medical solution with high efficacy to the diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction.
A Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator-Based Sensor with AlN Piezoelectric Material for Detecting Ethanol and Acetone
Authors: Zhu Jieyi , Feng Meiyan , Lian Guofu
Published: November 2022

Measurement of a volatile solution is essential for laboratory safety and hospital clinic safety. In this paper, we present an ethanol-sensing and acetone-sensing device using an AlN piezoelectric material-based film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR). In order to realize volatile solution sensing, the AlN-based FBAR was designed, fabricated, and characterized. In our sensor structure, the upper electrode is a Ti/Au (30 nm/150 nm) composite electrode, the bottom electrode is Mo material with 150 nm thickness, and the piezoelectric sensing material is 0.8 μm thickness AlN. We conducted the experiment of ethanol measurement and acetone measurement by using this FBAR detector on the probe station within the vector network analyzer. The resonance frequency of the FBAR detector decreased as the concentration of ethanol increases, while under the circumstance of acetone concentration increasing, the detector’s response is the opposite. The sensing mechanisms of both ethanol measurement and acetone measurement are discussed in this paper, demonstrating that this FBAR detector could be able to distinguish acetone from ethanol due to different sensing mechanisms.
Developments and Clinical Applications of Noninvasive Optical Technologies for Skin Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: Owida Hamza Abu
Published: November 2022

Skin cancer has shown a sharp increase in prevalence over the past few decades and currently accounts for one-third of all cancers diagnosed. The most lethal form of skin cancer is melanoma, which develops in 4% of individuals. The rising prevalence and increased number of fatalities of skin cancer put a significant burden on healthcare resources and the economy. However, early detection and treatment greatly improve survival rates for patients with skin cancer. Since the rising rates of both the incidence and mortality have been particularly noticeable with melanoma, significant resources have been allocated to research aimed at earlier diagnosis and a deeper knowledge of the disease. Dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy, optical coherence tomography, multiphoton-excited fluorescence imaging, and dermatofluorescence are only a few of the optical modalities reviewed here that have been employed to enhance noninvasive diagnosis of skin cancer in recent years. This review article discusses the methodology behind newly emerging noninvasive optical diagnostic technologies, their clinical applications, and advantages and disadvantages of these techniques, as well as the potential for their further advancement in the future.
Herbal Tea Essences (HTE) Ameliorate HFD-Induced Obesity
Authors: Wang Yue , Han Ying , Lv Rongfu , He Chengyong , Zuo Zhenghong , Chen Ying , Huang Jiyi
Published: November 2022

Tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world. The health-promoting effects of tea and its individual constituents, including antiobesity and antihyperlipidaemia effects, have been well accepted. In this study, we evaluated the effects of herbal tea essence (HTE), a commercial product extracted from black tea, on HFD-induced obesity in mice. HTE effectively reduces the gain in body weight and improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity after HFD treatment. HTE inhibits lipid accumulation in the body and reduces serum lipid contents. Furthermore, HTE negatively regulates the expression levels of genes that control lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis and upregulates the expression of genes for lipid β oxidation. The regulatory effects of HTE on these genes may occur through activation of the AKT, IRS-1, and AMPK signalling pathways. Our observations suggest that HTE could be a promising option for nutritional intervention in the treatment of obesity.
Long-Term Retention of Young Adult Study Participants with Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: Results from the TODAY2 Study
Authors: Gandica Rachelle , Weinstock Ruth S. , Gunaratne Mihili , Arslanian Silva , Doherty Lindsay , Geffner Mitchell E. , Laffel Lori , Higgins Janine ,   for the TODAY Study Group
Published: November 2022

Introduction: The Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) trial examined the effects of three treatment arms in a group of racially and ethnically diverse adolescents and youth with type 2 diabetes mellitus. TODAY2 was an observational follow-up study reporting outcomes and complications in these participants after having diabetes for approximately 13 years. Participant retention was essential to fulfill this objective. This report describes the motivations and problems participants self-reported related to continuing in this study. Methods: The TODAY2 retention survey was administered to participants with a mean age of 27 years, 36% non-Hispanic black, 18% non-Hispanic white, 39% Hispanic, 52% public, and 35% private healthcare coverage, who completed the last study visit (63.8% of original TODAY cohort). The survey listed potential benefits and barriers to staying in the trial. Participants indicated agreement or disagreement with each statement using a four-point Likert-type scale. Results: More than 93% of survey responders agreed with the benefits listed for staying in TODAY2. The most cited reason for staying in the study was related to the strong relationship that participants had with study staff. The common barriers to attending trial visits were tending to other medical problems, fear of disappointing study staff, and school/work scheduling conflicts. Participants with public healthcare coverage were more likely to endorse benefits related to diabetes care (e.g., getting the latest test results, staying motivated to care for my diabetes) and monetary compensation, whereas participants with poor glycemic control cited that a barrier to attending study visits was “fear of disappointing” study staff. Conclusion: In a racially and ethnically diverse population of youth-onset type 2 diabetes, benefits and barriers associated with long-term retention are described. These findings can be used to help inform future retention strategies for young adults in clinical trials.
An efficient automated vehicle license plate recognition system under image processing
Authors: Islam Dilshad , Mahmud Tanjim , Chowdhury Tanjia
Published: November 2022

An automated vehicle license plate recognition system using image processing techniques identifies vehicle numbers without human interference. This system has significant impact because of its good application in various fields like car parking, access control, speed control, automatic toll collection, border security, traffic violence detection and surveillance applications. This paper presents a methodology that is quite simple but at the same time very much efficient and this system consists of four sequential modules which are preprocessing, number plate extraction, number plate character segmentation and character recognition. Preprocessing aims to improve the image quality that is captured in various illumination conditions and stick out outstanding information that we need, which is favorable to subsequent processing including extraction, segmentation and recognition. After preprocessing various morphological operations are applied to extract the desired license plate region. Then for segmentation the bounding box method is applied that segments each letter and number present on the license plate region. Finally, template matching is applied in identifying all segmented characters present in the license plate image. The experimental results showed that the proposed system can recognize license plate characters efficiently with higher accuracy. Using MATLAB software, the proposed method attains recognition accuracy of 94.17%.
A study on uncertain fixed charge bi-objective 4-dimensional transportation problems under budget constraints
Authors: Revathi A. N , Mohanaselvi S.
Published: November 2022

Generally, in traditional transportation problems, single items are transported from a set of origins to a set of destinations in such a way that the transportation cost is minimized. To face the challenges that arise in modelling transportation problem various parameters are to be considered. In this work to provide an optimal transportation policy to the decision maker, we have studied a fixed-charge bi-objective multi-product
 4-dimensional transportation problem with vehicle speed under budget constraints under uncertain environment. The objective of the proposed model is to have the maximum profit with the minimum time taken of transporting the goods. An equivalent deterministic model of the proposed model is obtained to deal the uncertain variable using expected value-chance constraint properties on uncertainty theory and its compromise solution is obtained by using the goal programming technique. A numerical example is discussed to provide more clarity on the proposed model.
Modeling and classification of Departmental Business Processes of a Bangladeshi University
Authors: Tisha Tahmina Akter , Shibly Mir Moynuddin Ahmed , Tuhin Rashedul Amin , Reza Ahmed Wasif
Published: November 2022

Business process modeling (BPM) is a field of computer science that can be used by every organization to maintain its workflow pattern. Adopting this can significantly improve the workflow and can identify problems with the workflow in terms of resource optimization. In this article, the idea of representing the business processes of a Bangladeshi Educational Institute using the business process model and Notation 2.0 has been presented. In this case study, a business process model for the information system at the departmental level of East West University (EWU) has been designed after analyzing 15 key business processes by interviewing stakeholders. After classifying the created as-is business process models based on two criteria- order of actor participation and participation of external entities/departments, two areas of optimization in the workflow pattern have been proposed, load optimization and online automation. This documented model of the business processes has multi-purpose uses. It can be used for resource management, as a guide for stakeholders to better understand a business process, and as a guideline for new employees. This study has shown that by adopting business process modeling, an educational institution could march toward a better and enhanced workflow pattern by identifying problems in it.
Secure fragile watermarking based on Huffman encoding and optimal embedding strategy
Authors: Zairi Mourad , Boujiha Tarik , Ouelli Abdelhaq
Published: November 2022

Image watermarking is one of the most popular techniques used to assure information security, integrity, and authenticity. Watermarking algorithms can be categorised, according to the domain of insertion, as either spatial or spectral domain-based watermarking approaches. The resulted watermark can also be classified as either strong designed to withstand malicious attacks or fragile designed to detect every possible alteration. In order to combine the advantages of the two categories of watermarking algorithms, this paper proposes a new fragile hybrid domain-based watermarking scheme to get both robustness and imperceptibility using an optimal embedding strategy according to the entropy values of the host images blocs. To enhance security and safety, the watermark undergoes an encryption using Huffman encoding to produce a scrambled watermark. This scheme is evaluated based on different metrics like the peak signal to noise ratio, the structural index similarity, and the normalized correlation coefficient, satisfactory results are attained. The experimental results show that Huffman encryption and optimal blocs selection offer good features of security and imperceptibility.
Intelligent UAV path planning framework using artificial neural network and artificial potential field
Authors: Thangaraj Meena , Sankar Sangam Ravi
Published: November 2022

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are utilized extensively in various fields of daily activities in the day to day life and industrial applications. The raises of utilization of UAVs guide the researchers to concentrate on various problems like handling rich and large-scale information and uninterrupted communication. Further, to achieve the above the obstacle free zone is mandatory and the present autonomous drones may fail to handle such situations. To address the mentioned issues, an effective path planning algorithm is needed, to find the optimal path and obstacle free mobility. Hence, UAV path planning needs intelligent and autonomous navigation system by providing high level of optimization in order to attain optimal path with the obstacles avoidance. In this paper, AI employed framework for UAV path planning is proposed by utilizing the salient features of both artificial neural network (ANN) and artificial potential field (APF). ANN is implemented for obtaining optimal path and APF is utilized for evading the obstacles throughout the path. Further, the implementation results show the better performance than the existing works in terms of the collision free optimal path for UAVs.
Hybrid structure of u bent optical fiber local surface plasmon resonance sensor based on graphene
Authors: Maseer Saffana Zeiab , Mahdi Bushra Razooky , Aljbar Nahla Abd
Published: November 2022

In this paper, a fiber optic sensor was designed and implemented to detect the change in refractive index of sodium chloride salt solution based on the local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) phenomenon. This sensor was manufactured using a plastic optical fiber (POF), this optical fiber was bent in a U-shape with 0.5cm bending diameter, and then the cladding and part from core of the fiber were removed by polishing at the sensor head to become as a D-shape in cross section. The sensor was coated with 30 nm thickness of gold nano particles (GNPs) by DC plasms coating technology and it was tested with sodium chloride solution, the detection sensitivity was 466.66 nm/RIU. To enhancement the sensitivity, the latest sensor was coated with 20nm thickness of graphene nano material and retested with same samples of sodium chloride solutions. It was found that graphene improved the sensitivity by an excellent amount, where shift in wavelength was 20nm and highest sensitivity obtained was 666.666 nm/RIU.
Characterization of tin selenide nanoparticle films generating from plasma arc penetration of a temperature-varying field
Authors: A. Abdulla Hakima , Jassim Mohammed Nadheer , Mustafa Abdul Majeed Aseel
Published: November 2022

Using the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method, tin selenide (SnSe) nanoparticles thin films are created on quartz substrates, which are held at different penetration field temperatures Tp-f (Tp-f is the penetration field temperature to which the plasma arc is exposed) (300, 373, 473, and 573) K. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) reveals a phase transformation from a hexagonal to an orthorhombic structure. The energy gap, which ranges from 1.748-3.15 eV with direct electronic transmission, is calculated using transmittance spectra. Particle size increases by Tp-f increases. Photoluminescence (PL) intensity and film thickness are inversely proportional to each other. Changing the ratio of the compositions provides an essential strategy for altering a material's melting point as well as its energy gap.
Simulation model of proportional integral controller-PWM DC-DC power converter for DC motor using MATLAB
Authors: Shneen Salam Waley , Shuraiji Ahlam Luaibi , Hameed Kassim Rasheed
Published: November 2022

Smoothly speed range changing, easily speed controlling, and swiftly dynamic response for load torque changing are the main merits which are delivered by direct current (DC) motors. They are also distinguished by their versatility. All these characteristics make the DC motors suitable candidates for various applications. An accurate high-speed control with a good dynamic response, would be of demand for many applications of the DC motors. Controlling the speed of motors using conventional systems is one of the most important method that is adopted and it can be more efficient when used with electronic power devices to control the output voltage. Hence, this paper introduces an efficient proportional integral (PI) speed controller for DC motor fed by direct current-direct current (DC-DC) convertor, which is switched by pulse-width modulation technique. MATLAB/Simulink environment is used to build the whole system. Two operation scenarios have been conducted including constant load with variable speed and variable load with constant speed.
Generating himawari-8 time series data for meteorological application
Authors: Luthfi Hadiyanto Ahmad , Wikantika Ketut , Setijadi Prihatmanto Ary , Joko Trilaksono Nurjanna , Irawadi Dedi
Published: November 2022

Optical remote sensing images have been widely used for temporal monitoring. The data is acquired by sensors on satellites with better spatial resolution compared to in-situ measurements by meteorological stations. The problem with utilizing optical images is the cloud, which blocks the ground and near-ground information collected by satellites. To overcome this problem, especially when dealing with thermal bands, we propose a procedure including aggregation and spatial interpolation methods to obtain time series data over a region. There is still no reference to selecting the data period to calculate the aggregate value and apply spatial interpolation. An assessment is proposed by applying Yamane’s formula in the time domain and thresholding the number of pixels in the spatial domain. Himawari-8 data was utilized and collected on an hourly basis over Java Island. This algorithm is applied to a sequence of periodic datasets to obtain a time series of aggregate data for meteorological applications. The result of this study is a recommendation to use three-month periods of data over the eastern part of Java.
Phuket mascot design from based on cultural value
Authors: Sookkaew Jirawat , Chaikaew Nakarin , Saephoo Pipatpong
Published: November 2022

Designing with cultural, wisdom, way of life, beliefs, and other values that have been passed down through generations. Let's produce a creative product that is entertaining and varied. One of them is to design a mascot to be used in the media as a character and representation of something, and to imply that this mascot will be able to act on behalf of those representatives. It is clear that Phuket has an exceptional and valuable cultural capital. In addition, there are numerous traditions, rituals, beliefs, customs, arts, and civilizations that are indigenous to the local population. It was thought that this study did a good job of figuring out how to use cultural values to make characters by applying design theory or design science to creativity. It also did a good job of figuring out how applicable the methods and design approaches were.
An investigation of machine learning techniques in speech emotion recognition
Authors: Saini Anu , Ramesh Khaparde Amit , Kumari Sunita , Shamsher Salim , Joteeswaran Jeevanandam , Kadry Seifedine
Published: November 2022

The natural languages are medium of communication from the inception of civilization. As the technology improves, the text messages, voice messages and videos are the addons in medium of communication. In long distance communication, the analysis of expression is modern area of research. The parameters of assessment are subjective hence the emotion recognition is challenging task. This article furnishes the investigation of various machine learning techniques and novel methods for speech emotion recognition (SER) to determine the feeling/sentiments in a speech. Here, we investigate the three machine learning methods named multinominal Naive Bayes (MNB), logistic regression (LR), and linear support vector machine (LSVM). Further, these techniques are incorporated with the proposed method. The performance of these machine learning techniques is investigated on two different datasets.  The datasets consist of voice and text data samples. The prosed method is trained and tested on these datasets. As per the experimentation, it has been observed that the LSVM has outperformed the other two machine learning techniques.
Modified Harris Hawks optimizer for feature selection and support vector machine kernels
Authors: Tariq Ibrahim Hadeel , Jalil Mazher Wamidh , Mahmood Jassim Enas
Published: November 2022

The support vector machine (SVM), one of the most effective learning algorithms, has many real-world applications. The kernel type and its parameters have a significant impact on the SVM algorithm's effectiveness and performance. In machine learning, choosing the feature subset is a crucial step, especially when working with high-dimensional data sets. These crucial criteria were treated independently in the majority of earlier studies. In this research, we suggest a hybrid strategy based on the Harris Hawk optimization (HHO) algorithm. HHO is one of the lately suggested metaheuristic algorithms that has been demonstrated to be used more efficiently in facing some optimization problems. The suggested method optimizes the SVM model parameters while also locating the optimal features subset. We ran the proposed approach HHO-SVM on real biomedical datasets with 17 types of cancer for Iraqi patients in 2010-2012. The experimental results demonstrate the supremacy of the proposed HHO-SVM in terms of three performance metrics: feature selection accuracy, runtime, and number of selected features. The suggested method is contrasted with four well-known algorithms for verification: firefly (FF) algorithm, genetic algorithm (GA), grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA), and particle swarm algorithm (PSO). The implementation of the proposed HHO-SVM approach reveals 99.967% average accuracy.
Airlines fleet assignment prediction model for new flights using deep neural network
Authors: A. Abouzeid Abdallah , Mohei Eldin Mostafa , Abdel Razek Mohammed
Published: November 2022

Airline fleet assignment is the process of allocating different types of aircraft to different scheduled flight legs in order to reduce operating costs and increase revenue. In this research, flights data records from Egypt Air airlines was employed to build an intelligent fleet assignment model to predict the optimal fleet type for new flights. Deep neural network (DNN) and support vector machines (SVM) was used for model formulations. We evaluated the performance of models on a fleet type prediction. The research results showed that various accuracy levels of fleet type multiclass classifications were attained by the models. In terms of accuracy, the deep neural network performed better than support vector machines. Besides, airline companies can use our proposed model for fleet type prediction for new flight with desired parameter values 5, 20 and 250 for hidden layers, number of neuron and number of epochs respectively if they use the same structure for data attributes.
Bienestar personal durante la adolescencia según el modelo Perma: una revisión sistemática
Authors: González-Moreno Alba , Molero-Jurado María del Mar
Published: November 2022

(analytical)Well-being is currently one of the most studied areas within Positive Psychology. The objective of this systematic review was to analyze existing evidence in the area of well-being in relation to each of the elements that make up the PERMA model during the last five years The methodology consisted of consulting the Web of Science and Scopus databases through the design of search formulas. A total of 42 articles were selected from different studies that covered the five dimensions of the PERMA model. The results confirm that well-being promotes positive behaviors and favors other variables such as self-esteem and academic performance. The authors also identify that well-being enhances personal development in adolescents from the articles.
Keywords: Wellness; adolescence; relationships; performance.
Construção e validação de cenário de simulação médica no ensino de imunização
Authors: Costa Raphael Raniere de Oliveira , Romão Lucas Gabriel Bezerra , Araújo Júnior José Sebastião de , Araújo Anna Santana Pereira Rolim de , Carreiro Bruno Oliveira
Published: November 2022

Introdução: No ensino médico, o uso da simulação clínica enquanto estratégia pedagógica tem sido cada vez mais presente nos currículos. Entretanto, ainda há uma lacuna sobre o uso da estratégia no ensino de tópicos de Atenção Primária à Saúde. Ao reconhecer as atribuições do profissional médico nesse contexto, torna-se necessário, cada vez mais, a oferta de experiências clínicas simuladas. Objetivo: O estudo teve por objetivo construir e validar três cenários de simulação clínica em imunização para o ensino médico. Material e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de construção e validação. Foram construídos e validados três cenários voltados à imunização na Atenção Primária à Saúde, a saber: imunização do adulto, da criança e da gestante. Todos os cenários foram elaborados com base em sete critérios: conhecimento prévio do aprendiz, objetivos de aprendizagem, fundamentação teórica, preparo do cenário, desenvolvimento do cenário, debriefing e avaliação. Participaram do estudo dezesseis profissionais de saúde. O Índice de Validação de Conteúdo (IVC) adotado foi de 0,80. Resultados: Os cenários obtiveram, em todos os itens, IVC entre 87,50% a 100%, julgados por médicos ou enfermeiros com experiência em simulação e titulação mínima de mestre na área da saúde. Conclusão: Os cenários poderão ser replicados tanto em pesquisas quanto no desenvolvimento de habilidades médicas em estudantes e profissionais. Desde que adaptados, esses cenários poderão, também, ser utilizados para o ensino em outros cursos e profissionais da área da saúde.
The development of a didactic model to facilitate the understanding of the components and anatomical relations of the middle ear
Authors: Gomes Rodrigo Rodrigues da Costa , Venturin Monique Evelyn , Schorr Gabriel , Zancanaro Rodrigo Bianchi , Centenaro Lígia Aline , Macedo Aline Barbosa
Published: November 2022

The middle ear is important from an anatomical and clinical point of view, seeing that it contains and allows the passages of structures, in addition to establishing relations with other regions of the head. However, the middle ear is small and difficult to dissect, making difficult the study in cadavers and understanding. In this context, professors and students from Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná developed an anatomical model of themiddle ear, showing its main bones, membranes, muscles and nerves. The model was developed with acrylic plates joined to form a cube, each side representing one of the middle ear’s walls. The tympanic membrane and the secondary tympanic membrane were represented by an elastic fabric, which covered openings on the membranous wall and the labyrinthic wall, respectively. The auditory ossicles, the muscles and the nerves were made from polymer clay and positioned inside the cube, according to their characteristics and anatomicalposition in the middle ear. Furthermore, the auditory tube was represented by a plastic cone projecting from the carotid wall. The use of these low-cost anatomical models is an alternative to enable and improve learning. These initiatives favor the teaching of Human Anatomy, increasing understanding, the establishment of clinical correlations, and improving the academic education of health professionals.
Speusippus on God as Mind
Authors: Vassallo Christian
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a new edition of Speusippus’ fr. 57 Tarán (= 100 Isnardi Parente), transmitted by Philodemus’ On Piety. The improved text sheds new light on the early Academy’s debate on cosmology and theology and on the already known doxographical accounts (especially Aëtius’) on Speusippus’ view of who the Deity is.
Discovery of the male of Tethysbaena tarsiensis Wagner, 1994 (Peracarida, Thermosbaenacea, Monodellidae)
Authors: Wagner H. P. , Bou C.
Published: November 2022

The male of Tethysbaena tarsiensis Wagner, 1994 is described from the Guadalquivir drainage in southern Spain. The original description was based on a sample containing only female specimens. As males of this species were unknown thus far, additional descriptive notes are added to the original diagnosis by Wagner (1994). Additional remarks on the habitat of the species are made as well.
Biochemical composition of the hepatopancreas from the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis with different signs of hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (Brachyura, Varunidae)
Authors: Chang Guoliang , Pan Jie , Zhang Qianqian , Cheng Yongxu , Wu Xugan
Published: November 2022

The Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis is an important aquaculture species in China. Recently, hepatopancreatic albinism and necrosis have become important issues that affect the crab farming industry. In this study, live crab samples were collected from a local farm, which were further classified into four groups based on their hepatopancreatic colour, i.e., I, yellow; II, yellow-white; III, white; and, IV, shrunken and necrotic. The four groups were compared with respect to hepatosomatic index (HSI), hepatopancreas histology, as well as proximate and fatty acid compositions in the hepatopancreas. The results showed that the severity of hepatopancreatic lesions was gradually aggravated, and the HSI of Eriocheir sinensis gradually decreased as the colour of the hepatopancreas changed from normal yellow to necrosis. With changes of the hepatopancreatic colour from normal yellow to necrotic, also, the contents of total lipid, carbohydrate and some fatty acids (14:0, 16:0 and 16:1) decreased significantly, especially in group III and group IV. Also, with the increase of vacuolarization and atrophy in the hepatopancreas, the water content and the percentages of highly unsaturated fatty acids (20:5n3, 20:4n6 and 22:6n3) increased significantly. These results suggest that hepatopancreatic necrosis is closely related to the HSI, histology and biochemical composition in the hepatopancreas, which might become important indicators for the prediction of hepatopancreatic albinism and necrosis in E. sinensis.
Growth and reproduction of the two-spot swimming crab Charybdis bimaculata (Miers, 1886) (Decapoda, Brachyura) in Goheung Bay, Korea
Authors: Hong Sung-Mok , Choi Ha-Kyong , Yu Min-Su , Oh Chul-Woong
Published: November 2022

The growth and reproduction of Charybdis bimaculata (Miers, 1886) were investigated in Goheung Bay, Korea, from February 2020 to February 2021. Females were observed more frequently than males. The gonadosomatic index varied monthly, and reached the highest value in July. Ovigerous females peaked in July as well. The main spawning season was summer. The size at sexual maturity of females, corresponding to a proportion of 0.5 sexually mature individuals, was estimated as 20.93 mm carapace width (CW). The relationship between ln number of eggs (EN) and was for noneyed eggs, and for eyed eggs. Males grew faster than females ( mm CW and year−1 for males, and  mm CW and year−1 for females).
Der Erbvertrag der Römer und der Erbvertrag heute
Authors: Grebieniow Aleksander
Published: November 2022

Pacta successoria in Roman and contemporary law: observations in the margin of M.F. Merotto’s recent book. – The work I patti successori dispositivi nel diritto romano is the most recent publication tackling the problem of contractual succession according to Roman law. In the book’s introduction, Maria Federica Merotto responds to the voices calling for a more nuanced study of this phenomenon. Despite numerous exciting thoughts, the study displays shortcommings. The vast discrepancy between the declared methodological attitude and the actual course of the textual exegesis serves as a starting point for a more profound reflection on the shadow that modern legal concepts cast onto the ancient texts and the narrowness of traditional corpus of sources in conventional Roman law research.
Iğtihād of the Jordanian Šarīʿa Judiciary in the Interpretation of Legal Terms An Applied Study
Authors: Haswa Maher , Baker Man
Published: November 2022

This article studies a collection of legal terms and their interpretation by Jordanian courts in matters related to the Šarīʿa. It outlines the method through which the meaning of terms is determined by returning to Islamic foundations of jurisprudence (uṣūl al-fiqh), a source specified by Jordanian law which can be used to define legal terms as well as the context, scope, and application of legal texts. The article examines a set of judicial interpretations (iğtihād) of terms which have carried different points of view in both courts of first instance and appeals. The methodology of the study combines between theoretical discussions derived from Islamic foundations of jurisprudence (uṣūl al-fiqh) and the application of interpretive principles through a focus on determining the purpose of the legislator. The article highlights the role of the contemporary Muslim judiciary in developing personal status law through the interpretation of terms that carry multiple meanings and explores the essential principles relied upon in this process, establishing a path for future legal reform.
“Experience, Language, and Behavior in Pragmatism: A Response to Voparil’s Reconstructing Pragmatism”
Authors: Koopman Colin
Published: November 2022

Chris Voparil’s Reconstructing Pragmatism builds the best case to date that the neopragmatist philosopher Richard Rorty decisively and productively reshaped the lineage of pragmatist philosophy. In developing new directions for pragmatism, the book seeks to press past a number of recent debates. One such debate concerns the relative priority of experience and language as methodological starting points for pragmatist philosophy. While Voparil seeks to abandon this debate as outworn, this review argues that the issue of pragmatism’s methodological apparatus cannot be easily set aside. Only by addressing head-on the disadvantages of experience-first pragmatism and language-first pragmatism can a next iteration of pragmatist philosophy properly develop a third methodological option, tantalizingly noted by Voparil, of a practice-first pragmatism.
Review of the Kimminsula-complex (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae)
Authors: KLUGE NIKITA J. , VASANTH M. , BALASUBRAMANIAN C. , SIVARAMAKRISHNAN K.G.
Published: November 2022

Distribution of the Kimminsula complex is limited by mountains of the Western Ghats in India and the Central Highlands in Sri Lanka. Indian taxa include the new genus Ghatula gen. n. with 2 new species, Ghatula rufa sp. n. (type species of Ghatula, described here from larvae of both sexes, female subimago, female imago and eggs associated by rearing) and Ghatula quadrimaculata sp. n. (described here from larvae of both sexes); and the genus Petersula Sivaramakrishnan 1984 with type species Petersula courtallensis Sivaramakrishnan 1984 (additionally described here from larvae of both sexes, female subimagines, female imagines and eggs associated by rearing), Petersula heptagenoides sp. n. (described here from larvae, subimagines, imagines of both sexes and eggs associated by rearing) and Petersula nathani Sivaramakrishnan & Hubbard 1984 (known as a single male imago). In Sri Lanka the Kimminsula complex is represented by the following taxa: the new genus Ceylonula gen. n. with the single species Ceylonula femoralis (Hagen 1858) comb. n. (originally in Potamanthus; redescribed here from larvae, subimagines, imagines of both sexes and eggs associated by rearing); the genus Kimminsula Peters & Edmunds 1970 with type species Kimminsula taprobanes (Walker 1853) [= Kimminsula annulata (Hagen 1858)] (redescribed here from larvae, subimagines, imagines of both sexes and eggs associated by rearing), Kimminsula fasciata (Hagen 1858) (redescribed here from larvae, subimagines, imagines of both sexes and eggs associated by rearing), Kimminsula podi sp. n. (described here from larvae, male subimagines, male imagines and eggs associated by rearing) and Kimminsula latifolia sp. n. (described here from larvae); a form intermediate between K. fasciata and K. taprobanes is described here from larvae, subimagines, imagines of both sexes and eggs associated by rearing; and the new genus Hubbardula gen. n. with the single species Hubbardula heterolepida sp. n. (described here from larvae, subimagines, imagines of both sexes and eggs associated by rearing). Systematic position of the Kimminsula-complex is discussed.
Unique Anti-Corrosion Performance of Al–Mg–Si Film on Steel Plate Formed by Heat Treatment
Authors: Kim Soon-Ho , Jo Hae-Ju , Lee Seung-Hyo , Lee Myeong-Hoon
Published: November 2022

Al–Mg–Si alloy films were formed with various intermetallic compounds of Mg, Al, and Si element by coating Mg films on a hot-dip aluminized steel plate and applying heat treatment. Various corrosion resistance evaluations were also conducted. The heat-treated Mg films showed
excellent corrosion resistance compared to the non heat-treated Mg films and the hot-dip aluminized steel plate. This resulted from a delayed dissolution of the metal atoms by the potential difference between the intermetallic compounds and single metals. The heat-treated Mg film had excellent
corrosion resistance with a lower corrosion current density and higher corrosion potentials compared to the non heat-treated Mg film. In particular, the corrosion delay effect was clearly confirmed in the heat-treated Mg films in the galvanic corrosion test. Based on the above results, the
corrosion mechanism of the heat-treated Mg films was verified.
Impacts of the Aerosol Representation in WRF-Solar Clear-Sky Irradiance Forecasts over CONUS
Authors: Lee Jared A. , Jiménez Pedro A. , Dudhia Jimy , Saint-Drenan Yves-Marie
Published: November 2022

Aerosol optical depth (AOD) is a primary source of solar irradiance forecast error in clear-sky conditions. Improving the accuracy of AOD in NWP models like WRF will thus reduce error in both direct normal irradiance (DNI) and global horizontal irradiance (GHI), which should improve solar power forecast errors, at least in cloud-free conditions. In this study clear-sky GHI and DNI was analyzed from four configurations of the WRF-Solar model with different aerosol representations: 1) the default Tegen climatology, 2) imposing AOD forecasts from the GEOS-5 model, 3) imposing AOD forecasts from the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) model, and 4) the Thompson–Eidhammer aerosol-aware water/ice-friendly aerosol climatology. More than 8 months of these 15-min output forecasts are compared with high-quality irradiance observations at NOAA SURFRAD and Solar Radiation (SOLRAD) stations located across CONUS. In general, WRF-Solar with GEOS-5 AOD had the lowest errors in clear-sky DNI, while WRF-Solar with CAMS AOD had the highest errors, higher even than the two aerosol climatologies, which is consistent with validation of the four AOD550 datasets against AERONET stations. For clear-sky GHI, the statistics differed little between the four models, as expected because of the lesser sensitivity of GHI to aerosol loading. Hourly average clear-sky DNI and GHI were also analyzed, and they were additionally compared with CAMS model output directly. CAMS irradiance performed competitively with the best WRF-Solar configuration (with GEOS-5 AOD). The markedly different performance of CAMS versus WRF-Solar with CAMS AOD indicates that CAMS is apparently less sensitive to AOD550 than WRF-Solar is.

Significance Statement

Particles in the atmosphere called aerosols, which can include dust, smoke, sea salt, sulfates, black carbon, and organic carbon, absorb and scatter incoming sunlight. Improving the representation of aerosols in numerical weather prediction models reduces forecast errors in solar irradiance at ground level, particularly direct normal irradiance, during cloud-free conditions. This in turn should result in improved accuracy of solar power forecasts, especially for concentrated solar power (CSP) plants. CSP plants tend to be built in more arid, less cloudy regions that are also prone to dust loading, so accurate aerosol forecasts are particularly relevant. Comparing four representations of aerosols in the WRF-Solar model over eight months of forecasts across the United States reveals substantial differences in clear-sky irradiance forecast skill.
Double Jeopardy: Teacher Biases, Racialized Organizations, and the Production of Racial/Ethnic Disparities in School Discipline
Authors: Owens Jayanti
Published: November 2022

Bridging research in social psychology with scholarship on racialized organizations, this article shows how individual bias and organizational demographic composition can operate together to shape the degree of discrimination in schools. To understand Black and Latino boys’ higher rates of discipline that persist net of differences in behavior, I combine an original video experiment involving 1,339 teachers in 295 U.S. schools with organizational data on school racial/ethnic and socioeconomic composition. In the experiment, teachers view and respond to a randomly assigned video of a White, Black, or Latino boy committing identical, routine classroom misbehavior. I find that, compared to White boys, Black and Latino boys face a double jeopardy. They experience both (1) individual-level teacher bias, where they are perceived as being more “blameworthy” and referred more readily for identical misbehavior, and (2) racialized organizational climates of heightened blaming, where students of all races/ethnicities are perceived as being more “blameworthy” for identical misbehavior in schools with large minority populations versus in predominantly White schools. This study develops a more comprehensive understanding of the production of racial/ethnic inequality in school discipline by empirically identifying a dual process that involves both individual teacher bias and heightened blaming that is related to minority organizational composition.
Citizen Cooperation with the Police: Evidence from Contemporary Guatemala
Authors: Denny Elaine K. , Dow David A. , Pitts Wayne , Wibbels Erik
Published: November 2022

Community policing, and citizen cooperation with law enforcement more broadly, can improve local security outcomes by providing decentralized mechanisms for police accountability to local citizens. We hypothesize that five factors—alignment of citizen/police interests, relative costs of cooperation, costs of crime, prevalence of others’ cooperation, and perceived police efficacy—comprise a decision framework that guides citizens’ choices regarding whether to share information with law enforcement. We find evidence for this framework using rich survey and survey experimental data from a large nation-wide survey of Guatemalans and municipal administrative data. Our results indicate that increasing police efficacy, witness protection, and neighborhood trust boost the odds of cooperation with police by up to 55%. At a time when conversations about the relationship between community and police are widespread, this research offers insights into conditions under which cooperation between community members and law enforcement is most likely to occur.