bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudo Comparativo de Perdas no Conversor AHB para Acionamento de um SRM utilizando Controle de Corrente por Histerese e PI-PWM
Authors: PRESTES GUSTAVO XAVIER , VIEIRA RODRIGO PADILHA
Published: August 2021

Este artigo realiza análise das perdas nas chaves e diodos de um conversor de meia ponte assimétrica (AHB) para acionamento de um motor de relutância chaveada (SRM) com controle de corrente via Histerese ou via controlador proporcional integral (PI) mediante modulação por largura de pulso (PWM), ou PI-PWM. Para o estudo, foi adotado o IGBT STGF10M65DF2 e, a partir da folha de dados do fabricante, foram calculadas as perdas por condução e chaveamento dos componentes do conversor AHB. Por fim, comparou-se as perdas resultantes com a utilização das técnicas de acionamento mencionadas em pontos de operação distintos em velocidade e torque de carga aplicada.
Acionamento e Controle do Motor Síncrono de Imãs Permanentes para Aplicação no Sistema de Tração de Veículos Elétricos
Authors: VIANNA PEDRO DA SILVEIRA , VIEIRA RODRIGO PADILHA , RECH CASSIANO , BATSCHAUER ALESSANDRO LUIZ
Published: August 2021

Este artigo apresenta o projeto e simulação de um sistema de acionamento para o motor síncrono de imãs permanentes. O trabalho é parte inicial de um projeto de pesquisa que tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento de uma plataforma HIL (Hardware-in-the-Loop) para análise e testes do sistema de tração de veículos elétricos. Nesse contexto, propõe-se a utilização de uma estrutura de controle com múltiplas malhas baseada no controle vetorial para o acionamento do motor, onde o principal objetivo é garantir um bom desempenho do sistema elétrico, que compõe o sistema de tração, frente a variações na referência. O projeto dos controladores é realizado a partir do modelo dinâmico do motor síncrono de imãs permanentes no referencial síncrono da máquina. Resultados de simulação exibem o rastreamento da referência, com e sem carga no eixo do motor.
Comparação de Topologias Fundamentais e Combinadas de Conversores Boost Aplicadas a Sistemas Fotovoltaicos
Authors: SANTOS MARCOS ALVES DOS , OLIVEIRA IGOR SOARES , ANDRADE ANTóNIO MANUEL SANTOS SPENCER
Published: August 2021

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo de diferentes topologias de conversores CC-CC elevadores de tensão baseadas na célula convencional do conversor Boost, de forma a comparálas a partir de suas eficiências. As topologias fundamentais em análise foram as seguintes: Quadrático, Dual, Interleaved e Double, ao passo que as topologias combinadas utilizadas para as comparações foram as seguintes: Quadrático Interleaved, Dual Interleaved, Quadrático Double e Dual Double. Para a realização das comparações, foram utilizadas equações características para cada uma dessas topologias e seus resultados foram validados em simulação.
GA-FEM Method for Optimum Current Search for Torque Ripple Mitigation in Nonsinusoidal PMSM and Analysis of On-Load Parameters
Authors: CASTRO ALLAN GREGORI DE , FILHO CELIO CORRêA LEMES , JESUS LUIZ HENRIQUE REIS DE , PEREIRA WILLIAM CéSAR DE ANDRADE , PAULA GEYVERSON TEIXEIRA DE , MONTEIRO JOSé ROBERTO BOFFINO DE ALMEIDA
Published: August 2021

Permanent magnet synchronous motors with spatial harmonics can develop significant torque ripple under sinusoidal stator current feeding strategy. Usual approaches to reduce torque ripple aim the design of stator current harmonics, based on the machine electrical parameters, to induce compensating torque pulsations. However, the machine parameters are highly dependent on the electric load and the current harmonic content. Thus, these dependencies impose a challenge on the search for optimum stator currents. To overcome this drawback, this paper presents a genetic algorithm (GA) optimum current search procedure based on the machine design assisted by the Finite Element Method (FEM). Additionally, the variation of the onload estimated electrical parameters is analyzed considering different current feeding strategies. The results demonstrate that, according to FEM analysis, a null torque ripple with an increased torque per Ampère ratio is achieved and the parameter analysis demonstrates their different variation according to the current strategy.
Estudo de Planejamento da Expansão de um Subsistema de Subtransmissão de uma Distribuidora de Energia Elétrica no Sul do Brasil
Authors: GOULART DIEGO DORNELES , ORTIZ MAURO DOS SANTOS , DAZA ERIC FERNANDO BOECK , SILVA ÉMERSON RAFAEL DA , DELAVECHIA ROBSON PORSCH , HINTERHOLZ TIAGO FRANCISCO , EISENKRAEMER PEDRO HENRIQUE , SPERANDIO MAURICIO , BERNARDON DANIEL PINHEIRO
Published: August 2021

Para garantir o fornecimento da energia elétrica com qualidade, confiabilidade e continuidade torna-se necessário realizar o planejamento da expansão do sistema elétrico, que normalmente envolvem diversos fatores e variáveis. A proposta deste estudo de caso objetiva avaliar o fluxo de potência e a análise de contingências com dados para o subsistema de subtransmissão de energia elétrica em uma determinada região na área de concessão de uma empresa distribuidora de energia no sul do Brasil. As simulações apresentadas foram desenvolvidas no Programa de Análise de Redes (ANAREDE), desenvolvido pelo Centro de Pesquisas de Energia Elétrica (CEPEL), com o objetivo de avaliar os impactos do crescimento de cargas nos níveis de tensão e perdas do sistema elétrico de potência (SEP). A partir destas constatações, avaliaram-se possíveis melhorias (obras), que visem garantir qualidade e confiabilidade no fornecimento de energia elétrica aos consumidores, considerando as restrições técnicas e operacionais inerentes ao referido subsistema de subtransmissão.
Análise de Tensão de Restabelecimento Transitória em Diferentes Topologias de um Sistema de Potência
Authors: BORIN AQUILES SACCOL , JUNIOR GHENDY CARDOSO , OLIVEIRA AéCIO DE LIMA
Published: August 2021

O crescente consumo de energia elétrica demanda que novas fontes de energia sejam inseridas no sistema elétrico brasileiro, gerando mudança no nível de curto-circuito das subestações já existentes. Sendo os disjuntores de potência afetados por essa mudança. Um dos fenômenos que sofre essa influência é a tensão de restabelecimento transitória (TRT). Se o disjuntor não suportar a TRT, ele pode reiniciar o curto-circuito promovendo prejuízos ao sistema. Este trabalho propõe a avaliação da variação dos valores máximos de tensão alcançados por uma TRT de acordo com diferentes formas de topologias de um sistema elétrico de potência.
Implementação de Modelo de Falta de Alta Impedância para Aplicação em Simulações Digitais em Tempo Real
Authors: CASSOL JHONATAN ANTôNIO , WONTROBA ALDAIR , GUARDA FERNANDO GUILHERME KAEHLER , MORAIS ADRIANO PERES DE
Published: August 2021

Este trabalho visa apresentar a modelagem de uma Falta da Alta Impedância (FAI) em Sistemas Elétricos de Potência, para aplicações em simulação em tempo real. As Faltas de Alta Impedância são defeitos muito comuns em sistemas elétricos e sua correta modelagem para aplicações em simulação é capaz de proporcionar uma ferramenta poderosa para o estudo dos efeitos desta falta em sistemas de distribuição. As ferramentas de simulação em tempo real são estratégicas para o desenvolvimento e operação de sistemas elétricos, viabilizando um projeto mais preciso e confiável. Para a implementação em tempo real através de software foi utilizado como base o simulador HIL 402, da Typhoon HIL Inc., na configuração 03, tendo obtido resultados conforme a literatura apresenta para o modelo de Falta de Alta Impedância que utiliza diodos em antiparalelo. Para efeito de validação dos resultados obtidos, foi realizada uma análise comparativa do mesmo sistema no software ATP Draw.
A Comparative Study of Recent Discontinuous Modulation Techniques for Three-Phase Impedance Source Inverter
Authors: ABID ABDERAHMANE , ZELLOUMA LAID , BOUZIDI MANSOUR , LASHAB ABDEREZAK , BOUSSABEUR MOHAMED TAYEB , RABHI BOUALAGA
Published: August 2021

Since the Z-Source Inverter (ZSI) was first proposed in 2003, impedance source inverters (ISI) have experienced a rapid progress. This evolution is not limited to developing network topologies, but also involves their modulation and control techniques to improve their performance and efficiency from different aspects. Accordingly, discontinuous PWM (DZPWM) techniques gained substantial attension in the last few years due to their advantages compared with continuous modulation schemes. The aim of this paper is to study, analyse, and compare three recent DZPWM methods for the Zsource/ quasi-Z-source inverter (qZSI). The operating principal of each DZPWM technique has been presented and analyzed. Moreover, a comparative investigation based on the inductor current ripple, voltage gain, power loss, and some other factors has been carried-out. Finally, computer simulations using MATLAB/Simulink and PLECS softwares have been performed to evaluate the presented DZPWM techniques. Such a comparative analysis helps researchers and designers to choose for their ISI modulation strategy for their application.
Análise de Desequilíbrio de Tensão para Sistema de Distribuição de Energia Elétrica não Convencional
Authors: GIULIANI EDUARDO , OLIVEIRA AéCIO DE LIMA , JUNIOR GHENDY CARDOSO , MARCHESAN GUSTAVO , SILVEIRA LEONARDO DE FREITAS , FILHO GILBERTO DAVI NUNES
Published: August 2021

This work presents an accurate method for the calculation of the compensating impedances for an uncoventional three-phase rural distribution network using two overhead wires and the ground for energy transmission. This system is referred as T2F scheme, which is an inherently unsymmetrical 3-phase system. The paper deals with the compensating method using a series impedance in the earth return path and a shunt capacitance connected between the two wires. A simulation study in MATLAB/Simulink was conducted in a medium voltage radial distribution system to verify a need of compesating impedances by analysing of unbalaced voltages and voltage drop. This study shows that the system is capable of operating within the unbalancing factor standards and voltage drops limits, as seen in the simulations results.
A Fast Directional Overcurrent Relay Coordination Method for Smart Grid Protection
Authors: MARTIN KLAUS TESSER , MARCHESAN ADRIANO CAVALHEIRO , ARAúJO OLINTO CéSAR BASSI DE , JUNIOR GHENDY CARDOSO , SILVA MARCELO FREITAS DA
Published: August 2021

Modern power systems are dynamic and complex. Likewise, smart grids bring opportunities for the development of protection relays, such as the ability to communicate remotely. Based on these opportunities, this paper proposes a method of coordinating directional overcurrent relays capable of quickly obtaining the optimal adjustment of the relays with each topological change in the network. The proposed methodology is applied in different cases to a test system, demonstrating its effectiveness and potential.
Classificação de Unidades Consumidoras Irrigantes de Arroz para Análise de Perdas não Técnicas utilizando o Método de Random Forest
Authors: EICHKOFF HENRIQUE SILVEIRA , BERNARDON DANIEL PINHEIRO , SOUZA NATALIA BASTOS DE , MARCOLIN PEDRO , MADALOZ JULIA CARLA CAZAROTTO , KOPP LUCIANA MARINI , CHIARA LUCAS MELO DE , SILVA JULIANO ANDRADE
Published: August 2021

A detecção de irregularidades no consumo de energia elétrica, para as empresas do setor elétrico, ainda é um grande desafio. As perdas comerciais, ou perdas não-técnicas, têm impacto negativo na receita das concessionárias de energia elétrica, além de impactar no bolso do consumidor. Neste intuito, este trabalho tem como objetivo utilizar técnicas de aprendizado de máquina para fins de classificação, utilizando o método de Random Forest, e do tipo não supervisionado (Clustering) para criar grupos de consumidores que serão utilizados para a predição do modelo classificador. A representação e clusterização do dataset foi desenvolvida com os valores da média e desvio padrão dos consumos dos anos 2017, 2018 e 2019 onde, para a obtenção dos resultados da metodologia proposta pelo trabalho, foram utilizados como dados de entrada os consumos reais do ano de 2020 das unidades consumidoras localizados no município de Uruguaiana, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, do banco de dados da CPFL Energia.
MQTT based Monitoring and Management System for Distributed Generation Units
Authors: COSTA KEVIN RABELO , ANTUNES FERNANDO LUIZ MARCELO , NASCIMENTO ANDERSON JHONES PASSOS , MUNIZ ADãO LINHARES , CASTELO RICARDO , CARVALHO GABRIEL MARçAL DA CUNHA PEREIRA
Published: August 2021

Cerca de 80% de toda a geração distribuída instalada no Brasil é composta de sistemas de até 75 kWp. No entanto, o medidor bidirecional instalado nessas unidades mede apenas a diferença instantânea entre o que é gerado e o que é consumido, deixando o consumidor impossibilitado de acompanhar o consumo real da unidade. Vendo isso, esse trabalho propõe um sistema de monitoramento para unidades com GD. Além de medir a energia gerada e consumida, o sistema realiza ainda o acionamento remoto de cargas, possibilitando assim um bom gerenciamento energético. O sistema de monitoramento é baseado no microcontrolador ESP32, que realiza o envio dos dados via protocolo MQTT. Os dados coletados são exibidos em uma interface web, desenvolvida utilizando o framework Ruby on Rails, e armazenados em um banco de dados PostgreSQL. Resultados experimentais são apresentados a fim de avaliar a precisão e operabilidade do sistema proposto.
Análise do Efeito de Sombreamento em Geração Fotovoltaica utilizando Redes Neurais Som
Authors: LASCH DOUGLAS DE SOUZA , SANTOS MOISES MACHADO , CAMPOS MAURíCIO DE , SPERANDIO MAURíCIO , SAUSEN PAULO SéRGIO
Published: August 2021

O aumento da potência gerada em unidades de geração distribuída está ocasionando uma mudança no perfil do fluxo de potência nos sistemas de distribuição. Nesse contexto, no presente artigo foi desenvolvido um algoritmo para estimar a potência injetada à rede de distribuição na área urbana da cidade de Ijuí/RS a partir de fontes fotovoltaicas. O algoritmo obtém dados de uma estação meteorológica e através do modelo matemático de módulos fotovoltaicos é estimada a potência total que está sendo gerada. Para validação do modelo foi realizada a comparação da estimativa com os dados de uma unidade de minigeração. A partir da teoria de Redes Neurais SOM é realizada a separação dos dados de geração em três perfis conforme o padrão de sombreamento. A partir dos dados obtidos, podem ser abertos novos estudos para avaliação do comportamento do sistema elétrico de potência em função das oscilações na geração distribuída.
Projeto e Desenvolvimento de um Carregador Isolado de Baterias com Filtro de Saída LCL
Authors: DAROS GIANCARLO CLERICI , CIPRIANI JOãO PEDRO SCHERER , ILHA LUCAS MONTEIRO , SEIDEL ÁLYSSON RANIERE , ROGGIA LEANDRO , MORAIS ADRIANO PERES DE , ROCHA LUCIANO FAVRETTO DA
Published: August 2021

Este artigo apresenta o projeto e desenvolvimento de um carregador isolado de baterias chumbo-ácido. O carregador é composto por dois estágios: um abaixador, que reduz a tensão de entrada para um barramento intermediário e um segundo estágio isolado, com múltiplos conversores forward que se conectam a células individuais. Um filtro de saída do tipo LCL é projetado e, junto do modelo elétrico da bateria, serve de base para o projeto do controle, permitindo ao conversor operar tanto em modo de tensão constante (entre 1,5 e 3V) como de corrente constante (entre 2,5 e 25 A), de acordo com medições de tensão, corrente e temperatura em cada elemento. Resultados de simulação validam o projeto dos conversores e dos controladores utilizados.
Desenvolvimento de uma Estação de Recarga Modo 3 para Veículos Elétricos
Authors: ROSA JONAS MENON DA , GRASSI FERNANDO , RECH CASSIANO
Published: August 2021

A quantidade de veículos elétricos (VE’s) vendidos anualmente vem crescendo exponencialmente por todo o mundo, e uma das principais dúvidas dos clientes interessados em adquirir um VE é como eles podem recarregar o seu veículo em casa. Existem duas maneiras economicamente viáveis de fazer isso: uma é utilizar o carregador portátil que é fornecido juntamente com o VE, e a outra é a utilizar uma estação de recarga, sendo a segunda opção a forma mais rápida entre as duas. Pensando nisto, este trabalho possui o objetivo de desenvolver uma estação de recarga de veículo elétrico adequada para ser instalada em ambiente residencial. Seguindo as recomendações e exigências das normas internacionais foram projetados os circuitos de proteção, comunicação com o VE, e detecção do cabo de recarga. Por fim, foram realizados todos os testes exigidos nas normas internacionais buscando verificar se a estação de recarga está cumprindo todas as exigências.
Titrage des immunoglobulines G anti-Plasmodium falciparum chez les enfants atteints de paludisme grave au CHU de Yopougon.
Authors: Coulibaly M , Sansan H , Cissoko Y , Kouakou P , Yeboah R , Timité AM , Sombo MF
Published: August 2021

Objectifs : La pathogénie du paludisme dépend de l'interaction du plasmodium et le système immunitaire de son hôte. L'objectif de cette étude était d'évaluer la relation entre la parasitémie et le titre des Immunoglobulines de classe G anti-Plasmodium falciparum.Patients et Méthodes : Cette étude transversale a concerné 37 enfants âgés de 0 à15 ans souffrant de paludisme grave ayant été consultés au service de pédiatrie du centre hospitalier universitaire de Yopougon en Côte d'Ivoire. Le titre des IgG anti-P. falciparum a été évalué par immunofluorescence indirecte.Résultats : La parasitémie variait entre 360 et 400000 trophozoites avec une moyenne de 48525 trophozoites/mm3. La concentration en hémoglobine variait entre 3,4 et 10,7 g/dL avec une moyenne de 6,28 g/dL. Les plaquettes variaient entre 17 et 506 .103/mm3 avec une moyenne de 110,18.103/mm3. Le titre des IgG anti- P. falciparum variait entre 40 et 320 avec une moyenne de 220. L'hyperparasitémie (parasitémie ≥ 100000 trophozoites/mm3) était présente uniquement chez les patients de 0 à 5 ans. La moyenne du titre des IgG anti-P. falciparum était significativement plus élevée chez les sujets ayant une parasitémie < 100000 trophozoites/mm3 comparés à ceux présentant une parasitémie ≥ 100000 (110 vs 233,3) p = 0,017 test U de Mann-Withney.Conclusions : Le paludisme grave et l'hyperparasitémie (≥ 100000 trophozoites/mm3) sont plus fréquents chez les enfants de 0 à 5 ans et touche plus les garçons que les filles. Les anticorps IgG anti-P.falciparum   ont été retrouvés chez tous les patients.Mots clé : P.  falciparum, Paludisme grave, Titre Immunoglobuline G.
PROBLEMATIKA PENGEMBANGAN KEPRIBADIAN GURU DI SD MUHAMMADIYAH BENDO KALIBAWANG KULON PROGO, DIY
Authors: Afifah Rosyidatul , Rahmawati Heni , Inayah Risma Aulia , Husna Difa’ul
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the problems in the personality development of teachers at SD Muhammadiyah Bendo Kalibawang Kulon Progo. The approach used is a descriptive qualitative approach. The focus of this research is the problems faced by teachers in the development of personality competencies in schools. The subjects of this study were principals and teachers at SD Muhammadiyah Bendo Kalibawang Kulon Progo. Methods in data collection using documentation and interviews with principals and teachers at SD Muhammadiyah Bendo Kalibawang Kulon Progo. Documentation techniques are used to find data on matters in the form of transcripts, notes, newspapers, books, meeting minutes, and others. Meanwhile, interviews were conducted to explore verbal or qualitative data obtained from key informant sources. The results showed that the problems faced by teachers in personality development at SD Muhammadiyah Bendo Kalibawang Kulon Progo are because they are still carried by their personalities from birth. In addition, lack of confidence in expressing opinions, lack of time discipline, lack of appreciation for student work, and difficulty separating problems at home and school are also problems in teacher personality development. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the problematic personality development of teachers at SD Muhammadiyah Bendo Kalibawang can be improved by evaluation and coaching so that the personality competence of teachers who are responsible, authoritative, mature, stable and others can be obtained.Keywords: Personality, Education, Competence.
PELUANG DAN TANTANGAN PENYELENGGARAAN PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI (PAUD) NON FORMAL DI KECAMATAN MANISRENGGO KABUPATEN KLATEN
Authors: Maharani Maharani , Muharrahman Muharrahman
Published: August 2021

Non-Formal PAUD is currently developing rapidly, which was established by the village government and community organizations as a form of implementing the 1 Village 1 PAUD government recommendations. No exception in Kecammatan Manisrenggo, Klaten Regency, where most of the area is rural. The research method used in this research is qualitative research method which is a research procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from people and observable behavior. The data that has been obtained from the field will be analyzed descriptively. Data in the form of interviews, observations, field notes, documentation and others will be outlined in a systematic and accountable descriptive form in accordance with field conditions, neither added nor subtracted, solely to find out about the opportunities and challenges of Non-Formal PAUD in Manisrenggo District. Klaten Regency. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the non-formal PAUD institutions in Manisrenggo District were organized by the Village / Kelurahan Government, as well as foundations or community organizations. All of them are evenly distributed throughout the Manisrenggo area, so that the community can involve their children in local non-formal PAUD services. There are 75% of the 16 Villages / Kelurahan in Manisrenggo that have a non-formal PAUD institution. While the remaining 25% of villages / kelurahan have 2 non-formal PAUD institutions. This illustrates that the non-formal PAUD in Manisrenggo has spread evenly in every village / kelurahan. The opportunities for implementing PAUD with a non-profit orientation in Manisrenggo District are more wide open, compared to those that are profit-oriented. The reason is because most of the population in Manisrenggo sub-district has middle to lower economic welfare. There are 2 PAUD implementation, namely: internal (from within the institution), namely related to financing, quality of educators, etc., and external external challenges (from outside PAUD), namely related to institutional relations with the community, environmental conditions, etc. This challenge is clearly experienced in Manisrenggo District, this is evidenced by the existence of three non-formal PAUD institutions that have closed in the last 5 years.Keywords: Non Formal PAUD, Opportunities and Challenges of PAUD Implementation
Pengelolaan Destinasi Wisata Danau Toba Menurut Persepsi Masyarakat Setempat
Authors: Elizabet sagala Afrilia
Published: August 2021

In tourism development, community participation is very important. Community participation does not just appear but must start from the right perception of tourism. Local people, with all their perceptions about tourism management, have been involved in tourism management. The purpose of this study was to determine the local community's perception of the manager of the main tourism destinations and to determine the sustainable tourism development model in Simanindo District, Samosir Regency. This type of research is a social survey and descriptive-quantitative. The technique used in sampling is the Franc Lynch method, with a sample of 95 people as respondents, aged 15-64 years old. The type of data used is primary by using a questionnaire with a Likert scale in each question. The data analysis technique used is value perception and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study show: 1) The percentage of the average value of the independent variable is 85%, this means that the perception of the local community about the management principles of Lake Toba tourist destinations is in a positive or good area 2) Sustainable tourism development has a positive relationship and influenced simultaneously by service, attractiveness, human resources, environment, and participation. Therefore, the sustainable tourism development model must emphasize the attractiveness and human resources in Simanindo District
Karakteristik Penafsiran Alquran dan Tafsirnya Karya Tim Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia
Authors: Amnesti Muhammad Esa Prasastia
Published: August 2021

This article will explore the characteristics of the Koran of the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia, both in terms of historical formulation and interpretation models. This research is also motivated by the claims of several scholars who state that the interpretation or translation of the Koran from the Ministry of Religion tends to be misunderstood by ordinary people. Does this article aim to review several things related to the history of the formulation of the Koran by the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia? What are the patterns and characteristics of the interpretation applied to the Koran of the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia? The results showed that the source of the interpretation of the Koran from the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia used naqli and aqli reasoning with the tahili (detailed) interpretation method and the Muqarin technique. The tendency of his interpretation emphasizes more on literary and social issues and reflects the tendency of interpretation of adab al-ijtima'i and fiqh. This interpretation product is not suitable for ordinary people because the cost is too expensive and tends to expose the opinions of scholars who require analysis.
DIRECT Re-Os DATING OF MANGANESE CARBONATE ORES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FORMATION OF THE ORTOKARNASH MANGANESE DEPOSIT, NORTHWEST CHINA
Authors: Li Wen-Jun , Peng Zi-Dong , Dong Zhi-Guo , Zhang Bang-Lu , Gao Bing-Yu , Zhang Lian-Chang , Zhu Ming-Tian , Robbins Leslie J. , Konhauser Kurt O.
Published: August 2021

Sedimentary manganese carbonate deposits, the major economic source of Mn globally, are the product of complex interactions that occur in the marine environment, including both biological Mn(II) oxidation and Mn(IV) reduction. Precise and accurate age constraints for Mn carbonate deposits have been difficult to obtain, hindering the understanding of possible correlations between Mn metallogenic and paleoenvironmental processes at regional to global scale. The involvement of organic matter during Mn carbonate mineralization, however, allows for the Re-Os system, an ideal geochronological tool for determining the depositional or alteration ages of organic-rich rocks, to be applied. Here we present the first Re-Os systematics of Mn carbonate ores from the giant Ortokarnash Mn deposit in the West Kunlun orogenic belt, Xinjiang, China. The use of the Re-Os geochronometer, along with petrographic, whole-rock total organic carbon, and major element analyses, allows for the depositional age and mineralizing processes to be directly constrained. The Mn carbonate ores with relatively homogeneous initial 187Os/188Os values yield a robust mineralization age of 320.3 ± 6.6 Ma (Model 1; Isoplot regression) or 321.8 ± 14.5 Ma (Monte Carlo simulation). This age correlates well with U-Pb ages of the youngest detrital zircon group from the footwall volcanic breccia-bearing limestone and a newly obtained Re-Os age from the hanging-wall marlstones. Enrichment of hydrogenous Re and Os in the Ortokarnash Mn carbonate ores is likely related to the variable redox environments during Mn carbonate mineralization, where Re tends to be preserved in the organic matter that persists following the diagenetic reduction of the Mn(IV) oxyhydroxides in suboxic or anoxic sediment pore water. Conversely, Os was likely absorbed by Mn(IV) oxyhydroxides in oxic seawater during Mn(II) oxidation. Elevated Osinitial(i) for the Mn carbonate ores relative to that of the coeval global seawater value suggests that an increased riverine flux may have been a contributing factor leading to Mn mineralization.
COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF SYNTHETIC AND BOTANICAL INSECTICIDES AGAINST SUCKING INSECT PEST AND THEIR NATURAL ENEMIES ON COTTON CROP
Authors: Baker M. A. , Makhdum A. H. , Nasir M. , Imran A. , Ahmad A. , Tufail F.
Published: August 2021

The Synthetic and botanical insecticides are relatively safer for environment and beneficial insects. The study was conducted in Rahim Yar Khan during the cotton cropping season 2014 to evaluate the comparative efficacy of two Synthetic insecticides i.e. Nitenpyram (Jasper 10% SL) and Pyriproxyfen (Bruce 10.8% EC) and two botanical extracts of Calotropic procera and Azadirachta indica, against sucking insect pest complex of cotton and their natural enemies. Upon reaching economic thresholds, the recommended field doses of all the insecticides were applied on cotton cultivar MNH-886. Data against sucking pests and their natural enemies was recorded 24 hours prior to insecticidal application and then 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after insecticidal application. Results revealed that Nitenpyram was much toxic against sucking pests followed by Pyriproxyfen as compared to two botanical extracts. On the other hand, the synthetic insecticides did not prove safer for natural enemies as compared to botanical extracts. It was concluded that as an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategy, botanical extracts can be used at low infestation levels so that ecosystem service of biological control may be sustained.
Nomological Network of Dispositional Mindfulness: Evidence from MIDUS-II and MIDUS-III
Authors: Kim Min-Sun , Oshio Atsushi , Kim Eun-Joo , Akutsu Satoshi , Yamaguchi Ayano
Published: August 2021

While dispositional mindfulness is a popular construct in the field of positive psychology, its nomological network in the context of health and well-being is not well established. Our study addresses this limitation by examining the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and various health-related psychological constructs, including personality, social well-being, and affective states. Data for this study were gathered from the national longitudinal studies of health and well-being called Midlife in the United States (MIDUS-II and MIDUS-III). The nomological network analysis of dispositional mindfulness showed positive associations with both religiosity and overall well-being measures (e.g., Social Well-Being, Sympathy, Optimism, and Generativity) and negative associations with maladaptive tendencies (e.g., Pessimism, Aggression, Neuroticism, and Personal Constraints). Finally, test-retest validity was positively verified by significant correlations among the variables, spanning over ten years. Articulating a nomological network of dispositional mindfulness has important implications for future research and practice.

 
Assessment of Health Care Workers’ Knowledge and Practice Toward Infection Standard Precautions in Primary Health Care setting, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: ALjohani Hanein Saad , Sulaiman Amel Abdalrahim
Published: August 2021

Background: This study aimed to assess knowledge of standard precautions (SPs) and infection control by healthcare workers (HCWs) at the primary healthcare level in Buraidah City, Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross sectional study enrolled HCWs (doctors, nurses, lab workers) from 20 primary healthcare (PHC) centers in Buraidah. Two-hundred participants were selected randomly to participate in this study. Data was collected by a pretested, self-administered questionnaire, containing 29 items about basic knowledge of components of SPs and infection control including hand hygiene, personal protective equipment, sharps disposal, environmental sanitation and care of healthcare providers. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS. Results: The mean age of HCWs was 35.7 (SD±6.6) years. Females represented (51.5%) of the study participants. History of receiving formal training in standard infection control precaution in the last three years was mentioned by almost two-thirds (68.5%) of them. About 102 (51.0%) of the HCWs had adequate level of knowledge (>5 correct answers) regarding standard precautions(SPs) of infection control. The younger (p=0.020), non-Saudi healthcare workers (p<0.001), physicians (p<0.001); particularly consultants (p=0.018), were more knowledgeable than their counterparts. The barriers of improper use of PPEs reported by HCWs were uncomfortable (61.5%), some patients feel stigmatized when PPEs are used (60.5%), shortage in items at PHCC (54%) and workload due to patients’ over-crowding (49%). Conclusion: Generally the study finding revealed adequate knowledge of SPs among the study participants. However, inadequate knowledge particularly concerning the disposal of sharp instruments and hand hygiene were also detected. These findings highlighted the necessity of the provision of a comprehensive training program to ensure compliance with infection control measures by HCWs. Key words: knowledge, practice, infection standard precautions, primary health care
Methods, Mounds, and Missions: New Contributions to Florida Archaeology
Authors: Mitchem Jeffrey M.
Published: August 2021

Offering innovative ways of looking at existing data, as well as compelling new information, about Florida’s past, this volume updates current archaeological interpretations and demonstrates the use of new and improved tools to answer larger questions.
Leaving Life at the Right Time
Authors: Faustino Marta , Stellino Paolo ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2021

This paper aims to discuss the coherence and consistency of the Stoic and the Nietzschean “art of dying at the right time”. Throughout this paper, we will use this expression to refer to the Stoics’ and Nietzsche’s treatment both of involuntary and voluntary death, inasmuch as both seem to be strongly connected to and grounded on the notion of timeliness. Taking this notion as a guiding thread, we will emphasize the several similarities that link their approach to suicide. Indeed, as will be shown, it is plausible to assume that Nietzsche’s understanding of voluntary death is particularly influenced by the Stoic tradition. At the same time, we will point out the relevant differences that make these two approaches differ. In dealing with the Stoic and the Nietzschean attitude towards suicide, the underlying question will be whether the legitimization and defense of voluntary death is compatible—and if so, to which extent—with their teachings, in particular, with their notions of happiness and affirmation of life, on the one hand, and their ideals of living in accordance with nature and amor fati, on the other.
Las poblaciones vulnerables enfrentando los desafíos durante la pandemia del covid-19: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Nasution Lina Anisa , Pradana Anung Ahadi , Casman Casman
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Durante la pandemia, la aplicación del distanciamiento social determina que las poblaciones vulnerables se conviertan en uno de los grupos que experimentan los peores impactos, especialmente niños, mujeres embarazadas y adultos mayores. El propósito de este estudio es analizar los obstáculos que experimentan las poblaciones vulnerables.Método: Este estudio utiliza un método de búsqueda de literatura en varias bases de datos como CINAHL, Proquest, Wiley, ScienceDirect de 2015-2020.Resultados: Los resultados de la búsqueda obtuvieron 17 artículos. La revisión crítica que se llevó a cabo siguió las directrices del Programa de Habilidades de Evaluación Crítica (CASP) de Cochrane. Los resultados de este estudio fueron las condiciones pandémicas que ocurren durante un largo período y pueden afectar a poblaciones vulnerables de la sociedad, que consisten en niños, mujeres embarazadas y adultos mayores. Las poblaciones vulnerables tienen varios mecanismos de supervivencia y están significativamente influenciadas por la presencia o ausencia de apoyo social de la familia, la comunidad y el gobierno.Conclusiones: La importancia del papel del gobierno en prestar atención a la calidad de los servicios especiales de salud para poblaciones vulnerables puede mejorar el bienestar y el estado de salud de estas poblaciones.

Primary Goal: During the pandemic, the application of social distancing resulting in vulnerable populations becoming one of the groups experiencing the worst impacts, especially those who are children, pregnant women, and older adults. The purpose of this study is to analyze the obstacles encountered by these vulnerable populations. Methods: This study uses a literature search method on several databases, namely CINAHL, Proquest, Wiley, and ScienceDirect, in the 20152020 period. Results: The search resulted in 17 articles. The critical review carried out followed the Critical Appraisal Skills Program guidelines from Cochrane. This study's results were pandemic conditions that occur over a long period can affect vulnerable populations in society, consisting of children, pregnant women, and older adults. Vulnerable people have various coping mechanisms and are significantly affected by the presence or absence of social support from family, community, and the Government. Conclusions: The importance of the Government's role in paying attention to the quality of specific health services for vulnerable populations can improve these populations' welfare and health status.
A Note on the Theiasmos of Nicias in Thucydides
Authors: Marinatos Nanno
Published: August 2021

Thucydides criticises Nicias for being too partial to divination (7.50.4). It is suggested here through the examination of the linguistic nuances of θειασμός and the verb προσκείμενος, that Thucydides assessed him negatively primarily because he took the side of the army-seers. Yet, this criticism ought not to be blown out of proportion. Thucydides’ portrait differs significantly from Plutarch’s who describes Nicias as a diffident man easily gripped by fear and addicted to prophecies. Consequently, Thucydides’ criticism is a small parenthesis in his overall presentation of the Athenian general’s career whose decisions were based on skill, rational criteria and experience (5.16.1).
Evangelielæsningens placering og funktion i dansk højmesseordning
Authors: Villadsen Holger
Published: August 2021

Abstract: This article examines the place of the Gospel reading and the Creed in Danish liturgy. In the first centuries after the Reformation, the Gospel was sung from the altar followed by the Creed, normally a Danish hymn. The Gospel was read once more from the pulpit before the sermon. In the 19th century, the Gospel was often only read from the pulpit in connection with the sermon and the Creed gradually disappeared. At the end of the 19th century, a new lectionary was introduced with two years and two different Gospel readings: the first from the altar, the second from the pulpit as the text for the sermon. In the middle of the 20th century, the Creed was reinstated after the Gospel from the altar, but now as the Apostles’ Creed. In 1992, the Danish Church got a new Service Book with three biblical readings: Old Testament, Epistle and Gospel. Here the Gospel is normally read from the pulpit and the Apostles’ Creed read or sung from the altar after the Epistle.
Online search trends and word-related emotional response during COVID-19 lockdown in Italy: a cross-sectional online study
Authors: Montefinese Maria , Ambrosini Ettore , Angrilli Alessandro
Published: August 2021

Background

The strong and long lockdown adopted by the Italian government to limit COVID-19 spreading represents the first threat-related mass isolation in history that can be studied in depth by scientists to understand individuals’ emotional response to a pandemic.

Methods

We investigated the effects on individuals’ mental wellbeing of this long-term isolation by means of an online survey on 71 Italian volunteers. They completed the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and Fear of COVID-19 Scale and judged valence, arousal, and dominance of words either related or unrelated to COVID-19, as identified by Google search trends.

Results

Emotional judgments changes from normative data varied depending on word type and individuals’ emotional state, revealing early signals of individuals’ mental distress to COVID-19 confinement. All individuals judged COVID-19-related words to be less positive and dominant. However, individuals with more negative feelings and COVID-19 fear also judged COVID-19-unrelated words to be less positive and dominant. Moreover, arousal ratings increased for all words among individuals with more negative feelings and COVID-19 fear but decreased among individuals with less negative feelings and COVID-19 fear.

Discussion

Our results show a rich picture of emotional reactions of Italians to tight and 2-month long confinement, identifying early signals of mental health distress. They are an alert to the need for intervention strategies and psychological assessment of individuals potentially needing mental health support following the COVID-19 situation.
Effect of elevation, season and accelerated snowmelt on biogeochemical processes during isolated conifer needle litter decomposition
Authors: Leonard Laura T. , Brodie Eoin L. , Williams Kenneth H. , Sharp Jonathan O.
Published: August 2021

Increased drought and temperatures associated with climate change have implications for ecosystem stress with risk for enhanced carbon release in sensitive biomes. Litter decomposition is a key component of biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial ecosystems, but questions remain regarding the local response of decomposition processes to climate change. This is particularly complex in mountain ecosystems where the variable nature of the slope, aspect, soil type, and snowmelt dynamics play a role. Hence, the goal of this study was to determine the role of elevation, soil type, seasonal shifts in soil moisture, and snowmelt timing on litter decomposition processes. Experimental plots containing replicate deployments of harvested lodgepole and spruce needle litter alongside needle-free controls were established in open meadows at three elevations ranging from 2,800–3,500 m in Crested Butte, Colorado. Soil biogeochemistry variables including gas flux, porewater chemistry, and microbial ecology were monitored over three climatically variable years that shifted from high monsoon rains to drought. Results indicated that elevation and soil type influenced baseline soil biogeochemical indicators; however, needle mass loss and chemical composition were consistent across the 700 m elevation gradient. Rates of gas flux were analogously consistent across a 300 m elevation gradient. The additional variable of early snowmelt by 2–3 weeks had little impact on needle chemistry, microbial composition and gas flux; however, it did result in increased dissolved organic carbon in lodgepole porewater collections suggesting a potential for aqueous export. In contrast to elevation, needle presence and seasonal variability of soil moisture and temperature both played significant roles in soil carbon fluxes. During a pronounced period of lower moisture and higher temperatures, bacterial community diversity increased across elevation with new members supplanting more dominant taxa. Microbial ecological resilience was demonstrated with a return to pre-drought structure and abundance after snowmelt rewetting the following year. These results show similar decomposition processes across a 700 m elevation gradient and reveal the sensitivity but resilience of soil microbial ecology to low moisture conditions.
The nutritional applications of garlic (Allium sativum) as natural feed additives in animals
Authors: Chen Jiashun , Wang Fang , Yin Yexin , Ma Xiaokang
Published: August 2021

Garlic (Allium sativum) is an essential vegetable that has been widely utilized as seasoning, flavoring, culinary and in herbal remedies. Garlic contains several characteristic organosulfur compounds, such as diallyl sulfide, allicin (diallyl thiosulphate), γ-glutamylcysteine, and S-allyl cysteine (alliin) and ajoene, which garlic has beneficial effects on inflammation, oxidative stress markers, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and endothelial functionin vitroor in animal model. These bioactive molecules are also playing pivotal role in livestock and fisheries production apart from its application in humans. Supplementation of animal feed with garlic and its related products is consistent with the modern agricultural concept of organic animal husbandry. This review compiles the information describing the effects of feeding garlic and its extracts on selected performance parameters in animals (chicken, rabbits, ruminants, pigs and fish). This review may provide reference for scientists and entrepreneurs to investigate the applications of feeds added with garlic and allicin by-products for the improvement of animal husbandry and aquatic production.
Icaritin protects SH-SY5Y cells transfected with TDP-43 by alleviating mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress
Authors: Zhou Yongjian , Huang Nanqu , Li Yuanyuan , Ba Zhisheng , Zhou Yanjun , Luo Yong
Published: August 2021

Background

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of icaritin (ICT) on TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43)-induced neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell damage and to further explore its underlying mechanisms.

Methods

To investigate the possible mechanism, TDP-43 was used to induce SH-SY5Y cell injury. Cell viability was evaluated by the CCK-8 assay. The mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was determined with JC-1. The expression levels of TDP-43 and cytochrome C (CytC) were measuring by Western blotting. Changes in adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) content, total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were detected with specific kits.

Results

The results showed that ICT reduced the cell damage induced by TDP-43. ICT reduced the expression level of TDP-43; increased ATP content and the MMP; decreased CytC expression; increased T-AOC and GSH-Px, total SOD (T-SOD), copper/zinc SOD (CuZn-SOD), and manganese SOD (Mn-SOD) activity; and decreased MDA content.

Conclusions

The results suggest that ICT has a protective effect on TDP-43-transfected SH-SY5Y cells that is related to reductions in TDP-43 expression and mitochondrial damage and alleviation of oxidative stress.