bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementing an ecosystem approach in public administration: achieving sustainable development goals in crisis and recovery
Authors: Berezovska Nina , Zahorskyi Volodymyr , Kalashnyk Nadiia , Novak-Kalyayeva Larysa , Lipentsev Andriy , Olefirenko Olha , Oliyarnyk Volodymyr , Sushynskyi Oleksandr
Published: February 2025

The article explores the potential of the ecosystem approach in transforming public administration to meet pressing demands. It examines how the ecosystem framework can guide decision-making and resource management in ways that promote resilience, inclusivity, and sustainability. The research highlights the critical intersections of governance, environmental protection, and socio-economic development, offering a roadmap for aligning Ukraine’s reconstruction efforts with global sustainability benchmarks. The study begins by addressing the theoretical foundations of the ecosystem approach and its relevance to public administration. It then investigates practical applications, focusing on indicators and methodologies for achieving SDGs within the context of Ukraine’s recovery and ongoing European integration. Finally, it proposes strategies for fostering multi-level governance, stakeholder participation, and adaptive policymaking in a rapidly changing and uncertain environment. By addressing these themes, this article contributes to the discourse on innovative governance practices, providing insights into how an ecosystem approach can reshape public administration to navigate the dual imperatives of crisis response and sustainable development. The authors provide a reasoned classification of key challenges in implementing the ecosystem approach in modern public administration. Based on the challenges, research areas of ecosystem approach in public administration are proposed, and the main research questions of these areas are given. The needs for research in the indicated areas are proven through their correlation with SDGs. The authors propose key indicators for achieving the SDGs in the reconstruction of Ukraine based on the principles of the Ukraine Facility 2024-2027 plan.
Proctoring v distančním vzdělávání: od provizorních k trvalým řešením
Authors: Borkovcová Anna , Šolcová Dominika , Rohlíková Lucie
Published: February 2025

Tato studie se zaměřuje na výzkum využití proctoringu v online vzdělávání a na výzkum jeho vlivu na udržení akademické integrity. Online proctoring (nebo také online dozorování) je metoda využívaná při distančním vzdělávání, která umožňuje monitorování studentů během online testů nebo zkoušek. Studie přináší výsledky obsahové analýzy 36 otevřených odborných studií z databáze Web of Science, které se proctoringu věnují. Analýza zahrnuje nejen výhody proctoringu, jako je prevence podvádění a posílení důvěryhodnosti výsledků, ale také výzvy spojené s touto metodou. Mezi tyto výzvy patří obavy o soukromí studentů a zvyšující se míra úzkosti zkoušených v průběhu proctorovaných zkoušek. Studie zkoumá také technologické a lidské faktory, které mohou ovlivnit efektivitu online proctoringu. Výsledky studie upozorňují na potřebu vyváženého přístupu k použití této metody a ukazují, že vývoj technologií a postupy týkající se soukromí studentů jsou klíčovými aspekty pro budoucnost proctoringu v online vzdělávání. Ze zkušeností popisovaných v analyzovaných studiích lze doporučit využít proctoring v těch případech, kdy poskytuje studentům určitou výhodu (např. při dokladování transparentnosti online zkoušky vůči budoucímu zaměstnavateli). Studie otevírá cestu pro další zkoumání této problematiky a zdůrazňuje potřebu věnovat pozornost legislativním, technickým a filozofickým aspektům online proctoringu.
Experiencias internacionales de avances normativos en la protección de los derechos de los trabajadores en la economía colaborativa
Authors: Montenegro Timón Juan Diego
Published: February 2025

En este capítulo se analiza la forma en que diferentes países abordan la protección de los derechos laborales en el contexto de la economía colaborativa, en tanto que esta misma ha transformado las relaciones laborales tradicionales y ha creado nuevos desafíos para la clasificación de los trabajadores, la seguridad social, el trabajo digno y los derechos laborales colectivos. Por medio de una metodología comparativa y descriptiva, centrada en identificar patrones y diferencias en las legislaciones de estos países, en el texto se abordan las características clave de la economía colaborativa, destaca cómo esta se fundamenta en la utilización eficiente de recursos subutilizados y en la confianza entre los usuarios facilitada por plataformas digitales, y señala algunos de sus mayores retos, como la ausencia de regulaciones claras —lo que genera incertidumbre tanto en trabajadores como en consumidores—, así como la dependencia de algoritmos para asignar tareas y determinar compensaciones —lo cual crea un entorno laboral inestable en el que los trabajadores tienen poco control sobre sus ingresos y condiciones laborales—. A partir de esto, se examina la forma en que diferentes países han respondido mediante reformas legislativas y jurisprudenciales, donde destaca la importancia de garantizar la protección de los derechos laborales básicos, como la seguridad social y condiciones justas de trabajo, a pesar de la naturaleza flexible y autónoma del trabajo en plataformas digitales, para lo cual la caracterización de los trabajadores es relevante. También se analiza el papel de los sindicatos y las asociaciones laborales en la mejora de las condiciones laborales en este contexto, frente al cual los trabajadores de plataformas se han empezado a organizar para exigir mejores condiciones y mayor transparencia en las decisiones algorítmicas que impactan sus derechos. Esto se presenta como una oportunidad para fortalecer el diálogo social y garantizar que los intereses de los trabajadores estén representados en la economía colaborativa, con el fin de encontrar un equilibrio entre la innovación tecnológica y la protección de los derechos laborales fundamentales. Se concluye que un enfoque de derechos humanos es esencial para prevenir la explotación y garantizar un marco laboral que equilibre flexibilidad y protección, y se subraya la necesidad de que Colombia aprenda de las experiencias revisadas para fortalecer su marco normativo y mejorar la protección de los trabajadores en este sector.
Reconfiguración de la gestión del talento humano en la era de la inteligencia artificial: desafíos para la psicología organizacional y del trabajo
Authors: Gómez Rada Carlos Alberto
Published: February 2025

El presente capítulo tiene como propósito hacer una descripción y reflexión sobre cómo las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) están transformando la gestión del talento humano en las organizaciones. En consonancia con ello, se presenta un contexto general de los retos a los cuales se enfrentan las organizaciones en el presente y con miras al futuro, para luego hacer una revisión de publicaciones en la literatura científica de diferentes autores que señalan el papel que han venido tomando las tecnologías digitales y su impacto. En este orden de ideas, en el desarrollo del capítulo se hace una descripción de las principales tecnologías digitales, algunas de las cuales ya están consolidadas, como la cloud computing y el big data, y otras emergentes, como la inteligencia artificial y el machine learning. Luego, se explica cómo estas tecnologías se están aplicando a la gestión del talento humano (GTH) en las organizaciones, cambiando la forma en que se realizan las actividades de diferentes procesos, como selección, formación y desarrollo, entre otros. En este punto, se profundiza en su uso en el proceso de selección, que ha sido quizás en el que se ha proliferado mayormente, y se destaca cómo se han desarrollado varios tipos de software que permiten automatizar distintas fases de este proceso. Adicional a esto, se hace una descripción breve de su uso en otros procesos de GTH, como la formación de personal, la evaluación del desempeño, entre otros, y se hace una reflexión sobre la manera en que estas tecnologías codifican el rol de los psicólogos organizacionales y la perspectiva de desarrollo que se plantea hacia el futuro, con el fin de redefinir el papel que los profesionales de esta disciplina deben asumir para asegurar su permanencia en los espacios empresariales y no convertirse en una profesión extinta y reemplazada por el advenimiento de estas nuevas tecnologías.
Inteligencia artificial y bienestar laboral: estrategias innovadoras para el futuro en el trabajo
Authors: Babativa Novoa Doris Amparo , Jiménez Carranza Claudia Constanza , Da Silva Carvalho Marcelo , Adoryan Bustamante Maria Luisa , Hernández Rincón Sandra Patricia , Aguilar Bustamante María Constanza
Published: February 2025

En el dinámico y cambiante entorno laboral actual, la inteligencia artificial (IA) se presenta como un elemento transformador clave, con implicaciones directas en la gestión del talento humano y el bienestar en el lugar de trabajo. Este capítulo examina cómo la IA no solo está redefiniendo la naturaleza del empleo, sino también influyendo en la adaptabilidad de los trabajadores ante las nuevas exigencias laborales. A medida que las aplicaciones de la IA —como el aprendizaje automático y la robótica— continúan expandiéndose, su impacto en las estructuras económicas y sociales se vuelve cada vez más evidente. No obstante, aunque la IA tiene el potencial de aumentar la productividad, sus efectos sobre el bienestar de los trabajadores pueden ser mixtos, dado que pueden influir tanto positiva como negativamente en aspectos como la satisfacción laboral, el estrés, la salud y la percepción de inseguridad. Adicional a esto, un área crucial de investigación es el papel de la IA como herramienta de detección temprana para el estrés, la ansiedad y la depresión en el entorno laboral, en tanto que permite anticipar tendencias emergentes que podrían afectar el bienestar de los empleados. A lo largo del capítulo se hace énfasis en la necesidad de desarrollar una IA responsable que no solo mejore la productividad, sino que también considere la salud y seguridad de los trabajadores. En este sentido, las competencias esenciales para la gestión del talento humano deben adaptarse a este contexto cambiante, proporcionando estrategias innovadoras para la integración de la IA en la gestión del talento humano. No se debe olvidar que la relación entre innovación y bienestar laboral es compleja, donde factores como las demandas del trabajo, los recursos disponibles y los aspectos psicosociales juegan un papel determinante, y que a medida que la IA sigue remodelando el entorno de trabajo, resulta imperativo considerar sus efectos sobre la seguridad, la salud y el bienestar de los trabajadores, así como desarrollar estrategias proactivas que mitiguen los posibles impactos negativos. Este análisis ofrece una visión comprensiva de cómo la IA está moldeando el futuro del trabajo, y a la vez promoviendo un entorno laboral más saludable y productivo para todos los involucrados.
Desarrollo de competencias laborales: del aprendizaje presencial al aprendizaje móvil
Authors: Quintana Moreno Iliana Paola
Published: February 2025

En este mundo globalizado, las organizaciones, como sistemas abiertos, cambian constantemente y se retroalimentan con las demandas del mercado, donde impera la velocidad de las informaciones y los avances tecnocientíficos constituyen un total desafío. En un contexto altamente competitivo, las organizaciones por sí solas no son competitivas, no lo serían sin las personas que hacen parte de ellas, y es aquí donde las personas y sus competencias, es decir, el capital humano, cobran un valor especial. En este sentido, uno de los retos en la era del conocimiento es la métrica que supone el capital humano, es decir, cómo calcular estos recursos intangibles en la organización, y cómo desarrollar más y mejor conocimiento en la fuerza laboral a la vez que se promueve el desarrollo organizacional y el crecimiento personal y profesional de los trabajadores. Partiendo de que en el contexto de las organizaciones también formamos competencias necesarias para el trabajo y que no siempre las universidades proporcionan el total de las competencias, se hace necesario diseñar programas para el desarrollo de competencias específicas adaptadas a las demandas de cada uno de los cargos. No obstante, aunque se evidencian esfuerzos y varias organizaciones cuentan con sus propios programas de formación y desarrollo de personal, sus metodologías tradicionales siempre centradas en la presencialidad, la inversión de tiempo y la disponibilidad de talento humano especializado para realizar estos entrenamientos limitan el proceso de formación, lo que hace que cada vez sean más los recursos desperdiciados, pues básicamente las personas deben decidir entre realizar su trabajo o asistir a programas de formación. En este sentido, existe evidencia de mejoras en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje por medio del uso de las nuevas tecnologías, donde la inclusión tecnológica con fines pedagógicos, es decir, con intenciones de promover la adquisición y el desarrollo de competencias digitales, se ha convertido en un tema importante de discusión, sobre todo en lo que respecta a la interacción con dispositivos móviles, pues estos pueden representar una etapa renovada del aprendizaje mediado por la tecnología que facilita el acceso a la información. Sin embargo, se requiere de un análisis más detallado en lo relacionado con la aceptación de su uso tanto en estudiantes como en educadores. En este capítulo se desarrolla una idea centrada en procesos de formación y desarrollo de competencias laborales a través del uso del m-learning, o aprendizaje móvil, una metodología educativa que se ha retomado como una inventiva ágil para el entrenamiento de habilidades en los contextos laborales.
The Question of the Unconstitutional Constitutional Amendment, and The Duty to Obey the Law
Authors: Erdman Shlomo Michael
Published: February 2025

In recent years, constitutional discourse has centred around the disqualification of modifications made to constitutions on supraconstitutional grounds rather than for a failure to meet the formal requirements for modification prescribed by the constitution and the legitimacy of judicial intervention in such modifications. The purpose of this paper is to pinpoint the theoretical and practical difficulty in accepting these doctrines in the law and to propose an alternative approach that does not allow the court to intervene unless the modification prevents the people from modifying the constitution itself or is made through undemocratic methods. The article claims that the content of the rights protected in an amendment to the constitution should not determine the constitutionality of the amendment but should be examined according to whether it is a law that should be obeyed which raises questions only in cases of harms to jus cogens principles.
Emotion profiles of Chinese secondary EFL learners: link with subjective well-being, English achievement, and demographics
Authors: Ma Lihong , Hau Kit-Tai , Liu Lixueqing , Liu Jian
Published: February 2025

This study employed latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify emotion profiles among foreign language (FL) learners and explored their relationship with FL achievement and subjective well-being, drawing on control-value theory. The participants included 4,109 Chinese secondary students who completed an English achievement test and online questionnaires focusing on subjective well-being and FL enjoyment, anxiety, and burnout. The LPA results indicated a four-profile model, categorized as “low enjoyment, anxiety, and burnout”, “low enjoyment with moderate anxiety and burnout”, “moderate enjoyment with low anxiety and burnout”, and “high enjoyment, anxiety, and burnout”. Four profiles showed significant differences in subjective well-being and English achievement. Notably, the group characterized by “moderate enjoyment with low anxiety and burnout” demonstrated the highest levels of subjective well-being and English achievement. In contrast, the group with “low enjoyment, anxiety, and burnout” exhibited the lowest outcomes in these areas. Additionally, the group characterized by “low enjoyment with moderate anxiety and burnout” outperformed the “high enjoyment, anxiety, and burnout” group in English achievement, despite experiencing lower subjective well-being. Significant differences in FL emotion profiles were also observed across gender, socioeconomic status, and boarding status. These findings provide valuable insights into FL instruction.
The ill-posedness of the (non-)periodic traveling wave solution for the deformed continuous Heisenberg spin equation
Authors: Zhong Penghong , Chen Xingfa , Chen Ye
Published: February 2025

Based on an equivalent derivative non-linear Schrödinger equation, we derive some periodic and non-periodic two-parameter solutions of the deformed continuous Heisenberg spin (DCHS) equation. The ill-posedness of these solutions is demonstrated through Fourier integral estimates in the Sobolev space

H

S

2

s

{H}_{{{\rm{S}}}^{2}}^{s}

(for the periodic solution in

H

S

2

s

(

T

)

{H}_{{{\rm{S}}}^{2}}^{s}\left({\mathbb{T}})

and the non-periodic solution in

H

S

2

s

(

R

)

{H}_{{{\rm{S}}}^{2}}^{s}\left({\mathbb{R}})

, respectively). When

α
≠
0

\alpha \ne 0

, the range of the weak ill-posedness index is

1
<
s
<

3

2

1\lt s\lt \frac{3}{2}

for both periodic and non-periodic solutions. However, the periodic solution exhibits a strong ill-posedness index in the range of

3

2

<
s
<

7

2

\frac{3}{2}\lt s\lt \frac{7}{2}

, whereas for the non-periodic solution, the range is

1
<
s
<
2

1\lt s\lt 2

. These findings extend our previous work on the DCHS model to include the case of periodic solutions and explore a different fractional Sobolev space.
Robust multiresonant nonlocal metasurfaces by rational design
Authors: Malek Stephanie C. , Doiron Chloe F. , Brener Igal , Cerjan Alexander
Published: February 2025

Dielectric metasurfaces supporting optical resonances have become a promising platform for quantum and nonlinear optics. However, resonant metasurfaces remain limited in their capacity to independently control the behavior of many distinct resonances despite efforts in computational optimization and inverse design. In this work, we overcome longstanding limitations by introducing a generalized rational design paradigm based on symmetry. Specifically, we use symmetry-broken metasurfaces with periodic “quadromer” lattices comprised of four nanostructures per unit cell to enable extensive control of multiple optical resonances. The rationally designed metasurfaces are readily fabricable, and we experimentally demonstrate metasurfaces that support up to four high Q-factor resonances with deliberately chosen free-space polarizations, spectral separations, and mode profiles. Our design paradigm may unlock new applications for multiresonant metasurfaces in quantum and nonlinear optics, optical sensing, and augmented reality displays.
The crystal structure of tris(μ
2-bromido)-bis(η
6-p-cymene)-diosmium(II) tetrafluoroborate, C20H28BBr3F4Os2
Authors: Tapala Kgaugelo C. , Clayton Hadley S.
Published: February 2025

C20H28BBr3F4Os2, orthorhombic, Pccn (no. 56), a = 10.9714(15) Å, b = 13.3784(17) Å, c = 16.7710(2) Å, V = 2,461.7(6) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0188, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0442, T = 173(2) K.
Crystal structure of bis(η
2, σ
1-8-methoxycyclooct-4-enyl)(μ
2-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-κ
4
N, N′, N″, N‴)diplatinum(II) dibromide, C28H54Br2N4O2Pt2
Authors: Ha Kwang
Published: February 2025

C28H54Br2N4O2Pt2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.798(5) Å, b = 11.389(5) Å, c = 15.228(7) Å, β = 107.148(14)°, V = 1623.6(12) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0273, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0529, T = 223 K.
The Epistemic and Other Virtues of Non-Socratic Dialogue
Authors: Fisch Menachem
Published: February 2025

The paper describes a form a non-Socratic dialogue which aims at exposing oneself to the normative critique of interlocutors with different commitments. It further argues that such exposure is the only way in which one can achieve critical distance from one's own commitments. It goes on to explore the epistemic and political virtues of this form of dialogue.
Functionalization and performance of hybrid nanocellulose from plant-based/metal oxide nanocomposites for sustainable energy applications
Authors: Manimaran Mageswari , Norizan Mohd Nurazzi , Mohamad Kassim Mohamad Haafiz , Salit Mohd Sapuan , Norrrahim Mohd Nor Faiz , Adam Mohd Ridhwan , Rushdan Ahmad Ilyas
Published: February 2025

Growing concerns over our dependence on finite, non-renewable resources like petroleum and metals have driven the development of eco-friendly technologies centered on advanced hybrid nanomaterials. Among these, the use of renewable nanocellulose – ranging in size from 1 to 100 nm – has gained significant attention in nanotechnology research. Derived from sustainable sources, nanocellulose offers notable advantages; however, challenges persist when integrating it with metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs). These challenges include high reactivity in cellular environments, elevated production costs, and a tendency to aggregate, leading to instability in both liquid and dry states. Aggregation can impair uniform dispersion and result in sediment formation in certain applications. A promising solution to these challenges is hybridizing MONPs with functionalized nanocellulose, a method widely adopted by researchers. This approach is cost-effective, environmentally sustainable, and produces a renewable material with low density, excellent stability, superior mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. However, several questions remain unresolved, such as the most commonly used functionalization techniques for MONPs hybridization, the underlying mechanisms, and the specific benefits of this hybridization. Based on current findings, oxidation and carboxymethylation emerge as the most frequently used functionalization techniques for hybridizing MONPs with nanocellulose. These processes introduce carboxylic acid and carboxymethyl groups, respectively, which act as capping agents that readily bond with MONPs. This results in high degrees of substitution (DS) and improved nanoparticle dispersion. Furthermore, hybridization enhances properties such as thermal stability, UV protection, antibacterial activity, adsorption capacity, and mechanical performance, underscoring its potential for diverse applications.
Damned if feminists do, damned if feminists don’t? Political significance of institutional inclusive writing guidelines in a Belgian francophone university
Authors: Dupret Pauline
Published: February 2025

Over the last decades, some feminists have put pressure on key institutions to convince them to adopt a particular type of linguistic policy, namely inclusive writing guidelines. These guidelines have nevertheless been criticized – by other militants and academics – for risking of falling short of their radical goal, or of their political one altogether. It is therefore worth asking the following question again, in a francophone and contemporary setting: can the implementation of institutional inclusive writing guidelines help pave future developments regarding gender equality, or is it offering a mere formal change of language? This paper starts by presenting a discursive study of the way multiple metadiscourses were juxtaposed and entwined within two sets of a university’s guidelines. Then, two in-depth interviews with the advisor for gender policy of the university offer insights into the institutional process of producing the guidelines, and their recontextualization in workshops. While the first part of the study shows that the “zero discrimination” discourse is largely dominant and absorbs other competing discourses, the analysis of the interviews points to attempts to prevent the guidelines’ total depoliticization. These guidelines turn out to be a hybrid political object, which raises questions about the institutional process of legitimating one type of feminism over others and also invites to reflect on institutional linguistic prescriptivism (verbal hygiene) more generally.
Beyond Price: Rethinking Antitrust in the Digital Era
Authors: Kalirai Nimrat
Published: February 2025

...
Limiting Hearing Loss in Transgenic Mouse Models
Authors: Babola Travis A. , Donovan Naomi , Darcy Sean S. , Spjut Catalina D. , Kanold Patrick O.
Published: February 2025

Transgenic mice provide unprecedented access to manipulate and visualize neural circuits; however, those on a C57BL/6 background develop progressive hearing loss, significantly confounding systems-level and behavioral analysis. While outbreeding can limit hearing loss, it introduces strain variability and complicates the generation of complex genotypes. Here, we propose an approach to preserve hearing by crossing transgenic mice with congenic B6.CAST-Cdh23Ahl+mice, which maintain low-threshold hearing into adulthood. Widefield and two-photon imaging of the auditory cortex revealed that 2.5-month-old C57BL/6 mice exhibit elevated thresholds to high-frequency tones and widespread cortical reorganization, with most neurons responding best to lower frequencies. In contrast,Ahl+C57BL/6 mice exhibited robust neural responses across tested frequencies and sound levels (4–64 kHz, 30–90 dB SPL) and retained low thresholds into adulthood. Our approach offers a cost-effective solution for generating complex genotypes and facilitates more interpretable systems neuroscience research by eliminating confounding effects from hearing loss.
Adaptation with naturalistic textures in macaque V1 and V2
Authors: Davila Aida , Kohn Adam
Published: February 2025

Adaptation affects neuronal responsivity and selectivity throughout the visual hierarchy. However, because most prior studies have tailored stimuli to a single brain area of interest, we have a poor understanding of how exposure to a particular image alters responsivity and tuning at different stages of visual processing. Here we assess how adaptation with naturalistic textures alters neuronal responsivity and selectivity in primary visual cortex (V1) and area V2 of macaque monkeys. Neurons in both areas respond to textures, but V2 neurons are sensitive to higher-order image statistics which do not strongly modulate V1 responsivity. We tested the specificity of adaptation in each area with textures and spectrally-matched ‘noise’ stimuli. Adaptation reduced responsivity in both V1 and V2, but only in V2 was the reduction dependent on the presence of higher-order texture statistics. Despite this specificity, the texture information provided by single neurons and populations was reduced after adaptation, in both V1 and V2. Our results suggest that adaptation effects for a given feature are induced at the stage of processing that tuning for that feature first arises and that stimulus-specific adaptation effects need not result in improved sensory encoding.

Significance statementNearly all sensory neurons adapt to recent input. However, how the adjustment triggered by a particular input is distributed across brain areas and how these changes contribute to sensory processing are poorly understood. Here we explore adaptation with naturalistic textures, for which neurons in primary visual cortex and area V2 have differing selectivity. Adaptation reduced responsivity in both areas, but the effects in V2 alone depended on the presence of the higher-level texture statistics to which V2 neurons are sensitive. Though prior work with simpler stimuli has argued that stimulus-specific adaptation improves stimulus discriminability, we found adaptation reduced texture information. Thus, adaptation need not improve visual encoding, suggesting its effects may serve some other purpose.
Effect of Polyethylene glycol, temperature, and stratification in thirty plant species: Implications for conservation and management
Authors: Georgios Varsamis , Dimitra Tsavdaridou , Elefterios Karapatzak , Katerina Tseniklidou , Theodora Merou
Published: February 2025

Seed ecology is a fundamental view of a population's regenerative potential and under climate change needs investigation for proper management and conservation of plant populations. In the Mediterranean basin extreme rainfall variability is expected to prevail during the next decades. The aim of the study is to investigate the germination potential of thirty plant species by placing their seeds under gradients of water potentials with the use of polyethylene glycol, a polymer used to mimic water stress in seeds to assess their adaptive potential. We applied three different osmotic potentials (-0.03 MPa , -0.50 MPa, -1.56 MPa) using PEG6000 in seeds from thirty different plant species. Prior PEG treatment seeds grouped to non-stratified and stratified ones at +2°C for 1 month. Seeds were then germinated under either constant +21°C or alternate +25°C/+15°C temperature with 12-hours photoperiod. Germination was affected by PEG level, stratification and temperature which acted either independently or in combination, and the response to those factors was species specific. Most species that PEG had affected their germination, responded positively in water stress at -0.5 MPa and some of them further increased their seed germination under -1.56 MPa. However, in species where PEG had no effect, their germination response was driven by the other two factors either independently or in combination. Finally, there were also species that presented low germination, unaffected by the studied factors. The present study demonstrates the ability of several Mediterranean species to germinate under various levels of water stress and can be applied to species management and conservation strategies.
Tradeoffs and limitations in determining tree characteristics using 3D pointclouds from terrestrial laser scanning: A comparison of reconstruction algorithms on European bech (Fagus sylvatica L.) trees. A Case Study with European Beech (Fagus sylvatica)
Authors: Florea Sergiu Constantin , Dutca Ioan , Nita Mihai Daniel
Published: February 2025

Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) has quickly gained momentum in forestry as a fast and nondestructive alternative to determine tree shape and volume. Determining tree shape and volume is fundamental for a wide range of forestry applications, including the estimation of carbon stock and development of volume and biomass allometric models. However, tree shape and volume are often determined from TLS data based on different available algorithms, with direct implications on the measured tree feature. In this study we compared several algorithms for tree reconstruction from TLS data, with respect to their capacity to accurately determine tree characteristics such as diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height (H), stem volume (Vst) and total aboveground tree volume (Vtot). The following algorithms were compared using Bland-Altman limits of agreement (LoA): (i) TreeQSM, (ii) 3D Forest, (iii) RANSAC and (iv) Poisson. The data used for the comparison was collected from 10 sample plots, totalizing 40 European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) trees, covering a DBH range from 6.2 cm to 76.0 cm and H range from 9.5 m to 36.2 m. The results showed that the algorithm used to analyse the TLS data affected notably the tree characteristics. The LoA were up to 3.65 m􀀀 for Vtot, up to 7.5 cm for DBH and up to 1.1 m for H, suggesting a rather weak agreement between algorithms. From our comparison, TreeQSM emerged as the most reliable algorithm for comprehensive trait reconstruction, while Poisson was well suited for stem volume estimation. Moreover, determining H seems to be less affected by the algorithm selection compared to DBH. Our findings raise awareness about algorithm selection in TLS data processing and highlight the importance of selecting an appropriate algorithm to meet the specific objective when using TLS to determine tree shape and volume.
Surgical management of metastatic lesions in the proximal femur: a systematic review
Authors: Iljazi Afrim , Andersen Mads Sten , Brorson Stig , Petersen Michael Mørk , Sørensen Michala Skovlund
Published: February 2025

Purpose

The proximal femur is a frequent site of cancer dissemination in the extremities. Patients treated surgically for skeletal metastases have poorer overall health compared to other orthopedic patients, with only one-third expected to survive two years post-surgery. Choosing a treatment that minimizes revision risk and ensures the implant outlives the patient is therefore crucial. We conducted a systematic review to assess the revision rate following internal fixation (IF) or endoprosthetic reconstruction (EPR) of the proximal femur for metastatic bone disease (MBD).

Methods

This study adhered to the PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE and Embase were searched, identifying 10,299 records. After removing duplicates, 7731 unique records were screened, 334 of which were retrieved for full-text screening. We included 34 studies in the qualitative synthesis. The MINORS instrument was used for quality assessment.

Results

The quality of the included studies was low to moderate, with median scores of 6/16 for non-comparative studies and 10/24 for comparative studies. We therefore refrained from a comparative analysis. Revision rates varied between 0 and 12.4% following EPR (25 studies) and between 0 and 26.7% following IF, while implant removal rates ranged between 0 and 8.3% and 0 and 26.7%, respectively.

Conclusions

Revision and implant removal rates for various methods of EPR and IF are satisfactory. However, a meta-analysis or comparison between IF and EPR is not feasible due to a lack of prospective studies, randomized trials and high-quality studies.
Impact of paternal high-energy diets on semen quality and embryo development in cattle
Authors: Fontes Pedro Levy Piza , Bromfield John James , Pohler Ky Garret , Lamb Graham Cliff
Published: February 2025

Highly anabolic diets and excessive body fat accumulation have been shown to negatively impact sperm biology in humans and murine biomedical models. Current research indicates that obesity is associated with decreased semen quality and represents a major contributor to male subfertility in humans. Male overnutrition is commonly observed in the beef cattle industry and the use of high-energy diets during bull development has been shown to negatively impact semen quality. Most research efforts in bovine reproductive physiology have focused on understanding and optimizing female fertility. This emphasis is even more evident in research investigating the relationship between nutritional interventions and reproductive performance, which has limited the development of nutritional strategies that optimize fertility in bulls. Increasing our understanding of the genetic and environmental factors that influence bull fertility will contribute to future increases in cattle reproductive and productive efficiency. Moreover, exploring the impact of overnutrition in bulls may offer valuable insight and help address diet-induced male subfertility in humans. Herein, we summarize the currently available literature evaluating the impact of highly anabolic diets on male fertility, with an emphasis in the bovine species. The literature summarized in the present review evaluates the impact of overnutrition on sperm biology, early embryonic development and explores its potential to impact postnatal performance of the offspring.

Lay summary

Research indicates that obesity has detrimental effects to semen quality and is a major contributor to male subfertility. Diet-induced subfertility is a concern not only in humans but also in livestock species. Male overnutrition is observed in the beef cattle industry, where bulls are often fed high-energy diets to achieve high rates of body weight gain and fat accumulation. This review provides a summary of the current scientific literature showing that bull overnutrition negatively impacts sperm biology and has negative consequences to subsequent embryo development after fertilization occurs. Moreover, this review shows that paternal diet-induced obesity in rodent models can program the postnatal life of the offspring that is sired by obese males. Further research is required to determine if the same occurs in cattle.
Narrativas y Evaluación: Encuentros, Posibilidades y Rupturas
Authors: Leite Analía Elizabeth , Martagón Virginia , Calvo Piedad , Márquez Mª Jesús
Published: February 2025

El artículo se articula en el diálogo sobre la evaluación de cuatro profesoras e investigadoras desde la experiencia docente en la Universidad (grado y máster), con narrativas de 158 estudiantes y seis docentes en ejercicio. Los relatos nos revelan modelos, prácticas, sentimientos, valores en torno a la evaluación. Se organizan en tres momentos: formación inicial, acceso a la profesión y evaluación del año en práctica (primer año de docencia). El análisis de estas experiencias nos ha llevado a transitar otros caminos: las evaluaciones narrativas como posibilidad de recuperar los sentidos del aprendizaje, la enseñanza, las relaciones desde el diálogo, la escucha y la resistencia a pensar y hablar de la evaluación como proceso hegemónico de la formación así como la educación. El artículo plantea un primer recorrido crítico sobre el estado de la evaluación para abrirse en dos vías de análisis: las narrativas de evaluación para desmontar significados y prácticas, y la evaluación narrativa como propuesta de encuentro, posibilidad, ruptura con esos significados y prácticas anteriormente analizados. Finalmente, compartimos lo que ha significado para nosotras el cambio en la evaluación en nuestras aulas y cómo asumimos la interpretación que el alumnado participante hace de este proceso compartido.
НЕЙРОСЕТЬ ДЛЯ АВТОМАТИЗАЦИИ ПОДГОНКИ КОНТУРОВ КОЛЕБАТЕЛЬНО-ВРАЩАТЕЛЬНЫХ ЛИНИЙ В СПЕКТРАХ ВЫСОКОГО РАЗРЕШЕНИЯ
Authors: ЩЕРБАКОВ А.П.
Published: February 2025

Статья посвящена проблеме автоматизации подгонки параметров линий в спектрах высокого разрешения, зарегистрированных на современных спектрометрах. При подгонке модельного контура, в силу наличия множества локальных минимумов у минимизируемого среднеквадратичного отклонения, требуется достаточно точное начальное приближение параметров контура линии. Предлагается метод нахождения достаточно точного начального приближения параметров контура линий, основанный на использовании нейронной сети Кохонена. Проведены тесты и сравнение других алгоритмов и сетей для решения данной задачи. Описанный метод может использоваться для обработки колебательно-вращательных спектров и получения баз данных, необходимых для решения задач атмосферного зондирования, молекулярной физики и технических задач.

The article is devoted to the problem of automation of fitting lines parameters in high-resolution spectra recorded at modern spectrometers. When fitting a model contour, due to the presence of many local minima in the minimized standard deviation, a sufficiently accurate initial approximation of line profile parameters is required. The article proposes a method for finding a sufficiently accurate initial approximation of line profile parameters for the convergence of the fitting process. The method is based on the Kohonen neural network. Tests and comparison of other algorithms and networks for solving this problem are carried out. The suggested method can be used to process vibrational-rotational spectra and obtain databases for solving problems of atmospheric optics, molecular physics, and engineering problems.
ОЦЕНКА ОПТИЧЕСКИХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ АТМОСФЕРЫ ПРИ ОДНОВРЕМЕННОМ ИЗМЕРЕНИИ КОЛЕБАТЕЛЬНО-ВРАЩАТЕЛЬНОГО И ЧИСТО ВРАЩАТЕЛЬНОГО СПЕКТРОВ КОМБИНАЦИОННОГО РАССЕЯНИЯ
Authors: САМОЙЛОВА С.В. , БАЛИН Ю.С. , ПЕННЕР И.Э.
Published: February 2025

Рассмотрены методические особенности определения коэффициентов ослабления и обратного рассеяния по одновременным лидарным измерениям на длинах волн: 532 нм (упругое рассеяние, УР); 607 нм (колебательно-вращательное комбинационное рассеяние, КР); 530 нм (чисто вращательное КР). УР-сигнал выделяет область допустимых значений (ОДЗ) коэффициентов на основе априорного введения физически обоснованного лидарного отношения. КР-сигнал на l= 607 нм, соответствующий одной линии спектра N2, дает правдоподобную оценку коэффициентов в пограничном слое и части средней тропосферы. КР-сигнал на l = 530 нм - набор линий спектра N2 и O2 - характеризуется меньшими погрешностями и обеспечивает количественное оценивание коэффициентов во всех основных слоях тропосферы. На длине волны 530 нм дифференциальное сечение обратного рассеяния зависит от высоты вследствие изменения температуры, что ведет к перераспределению интенсивности линий N2 и O2. Оценивание параметров по КР-сигналам считается правдоподобным, когда искомые коэффициенты количественно сопоставимы и расположены внутри их ОДЗ. Тестирование алгоритмов проводится по данным наземного зондирования на берегу Байкала в августе 2023 г.

The paper considers the methodological features of determining the optical extinction and backscattering coefficients by simultaneous lidar measurements at the following wavelengths: 532 nm (elastic scattering, ES); 607 nm (vibrational-rotational Raman scattering, RS); 530 nm (purely rotational RS). The ES signal identifies the range of allowable values (RAV) of the coefficients based on the a priori introduction of a physically substantiated lidar ratio. The RS signal at 607 nm, corresponding to a single line of the N2 spectrum, provides a plausible estimate of the ratios in the boundary layer and part of the middle troposphere. The CR signal at 530 nm - a set of N2 and O2 spectrum lines - is characterized by smaller errors and provides a quantitative estimate of the coefficients in all main tropospheric layers. At a wavelength of 530 nm, the differential backscattering cross section depends on height due to temperature changes, which leads to a redistribution of N2 and O2 line intensities. Estimation of parameters from the RS signals is considered plausible when the sought-after coefficients are quantitatively comparable and, at the same time, located within their RAVs. The algorithms is tested using ground-based sensing data on the shore of Lake Baikal in August 2023.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ВЕРТИКАЛЬНОГО РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ТЕМПЕРАТУРЫ НАД Г. ТОМСКОМ ВО ВРЕМЯ ВНЕЗАПНОГО СТРАТОСФЕРНОГО ПОТЕПЛЕНИЯ ЗИМОЙ 2023 Г. ПО ДАННЫМ СИБИРСКОЙ ЛИДАРНОЙ СТАНЦИИ
Authors: АНТОХИНА О.Ю. , БОБРОВНИКОВ С.М. , ЖАРКОВ В.И. , ЗОРКАЛЬЦЕВА О.С. , ТРИФОНОВ Д.А.
Published: February 2025

Наблюдающиеся над территорией Сибири аномалии атмосферной температуры, связанные с внезапными стратосферными потеплениями (ВСП), требуют детального изучения. В Сибири мало инструментов, которые способны предоставить необходимую информацию о вертикальном распределении температуры атмосферы. Уникальное оборудование Сибирской лидарной станции (СЛС) Института оптики атмосферы им. В.Е. Зуева СО РАН, разработанное для регулярных лидарных измерений атмосферных параметров, позволяет получить необходимые данные о вертикальной стратификации температуры атмосферы во время ВСП. Для определения характеристик температурных аномалий атмосферы в период ВСП зимой 2023 г. над Томском были проведены сравнения значений температуры атмосферы в отдельные ночи, полученных с помощью лидара СЛС, модели Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model(WACCM), среднеширотной зимней стандартной модели и реанализа ERA5 (ECMWF- European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) Reanalysis v5). Впервые показана возможность использования вертикальных профилей температуры атмосферы, полученных методом СКР, для изучения ВСП и, в том числе анализа изменения вертикальной структуры атмосферы в период ВСП.

Atmospheric temperature anomalies associated with sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) observed over the territory of Siberia require detailed study. In Siberia, there are few instruments that can provide the necessary information on the vertical distribution of atmospheric temperature. Unique lidar of the Siberian Lidar Station (SLS) of V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS, Tomsk, Russia (56.48° N, 85.05° E), developed for regular lidar measurements of atmospheric parameters, is one of few ground-based devices in Siberia which provide necessary data on the vertical stratification of atmospheric temperature during a SSW event. To determine the characteristics of atmospheric temperature anomalies during the SSW period in winter 2023 over Tomsk, data on atmospheric temperature in individual nights obtained by the SLS lidar, the WACCM model, the standard mid-latitude winter model, and the ERA5 reanalysis were compared. For the first time, the possibility of using vertical atmospheric temperature profiles obtained by the Raman scattering method to study the SSW effect is show. Use of lidar air temperature profiles to analyze changes in the vertical structure of the atmosphere during sudden stratospheric warmings is demonstrated.
ВЛИЯНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ ВОЗДУШНЫХ ДВИЖЕНИЙ НА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ТУРБУЛЕНТНОСТИ И СОДЕРЖАНИЕ ДИОКСИДА СЕРЫ В АТМОСФЕРЕ НАД СТ. «ЛИСТВЯНКА»
Authors: ШИХОВЦЕВ М.Ю. , ШИХОВЦЕВ А.Ю. , КОВАДЛО П.Г. , ОБОЛКИН В.А. , МОЛОЖНИКОВА Е.В.
Published: February 2025

На сегодняшний день вопрос связи концентрации диоксида серы (SO2) с мелкомасштабной турбулентностью в пределах Южного Байкала почти не изучен. В настоящей работе приводятся результаты исследования струйных течений и атмосферной турбулентности, влияющих на приземное содержание SO2 над ст. «Листвянка». Рассматриваются случаи, когда приземная концентрация SO2 имеет тенденцию к увеличению при отрицательных вертикальных турбулентных удельных потоках тепла. Это происходит на фоне формирования струйных течений в пределах нижнего слоя атмосферы и больших вертикальных сдвигов скорости ветра ниже высоты формирования струи. Вертикальный турбулентный удельный поток тепла в приземном слое атмосферы может служить ключевым индикатором, определяющим возможность положительной связи между приземной концентрацией SO2 и полной кинетической энергией турбулентности. В результате анализа выявлено, что концентрация SO2 имеет тенденцию к увеличению при отрицательных вертикальных турбулентных потоках температуры на фоне развития струйных течений низкого уровня. В аналогичных ситуациях, но при положительных или близких к нулю значениях потоков температуры концентрации SO2, как правило, остаются на уровне фоновых значений. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы для уточнения влияния атмосферных струйных течений, формируемых вблизи земной поверхности, и турбулентности на содержание примесей в приземном слое атмосферы, а также при разработке прогностических моделей.

At present, the relationship between sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentration and small-scale turbulence within Southern Baikal has been described in a limited volume. The paper presents the results of a study of jet streams and atmospheric turbulence affecting the surface SO2 content over Listvyanka station. The cases are considered when the surface SO2 concentration tends to increase at negative vertical turbulent specific heat fluxes. This occurs against the background of the formation of jet streams within the lower layer of the atmosphere and large vertical shears of the wind speed below the jet formation height. The vertical turbulent specific heat flux in the surface layer of the atmosphere can serve as a key indicator determining the possibility of a positive relationship between the surface SO2 concentration and the total kinetic energy of turbulence. The analysis revealed that the SO2 concentration tends to increase at negative vertical turbulent temperature fluxes against the background of the development of low-level jet streams. In similar situations, but with positive or close to zero temperature flux values, SO2 concentrations usually remain at background levels.