bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Stereoisomeric Structure on Retention Time in Gas Liquid Chromatography of Per-O-trimethylsilyl Derivatives of Pentoses and Hexoses
Authors: Gheorghiu Th. , Oette K.
Published: February 2015

The analysis of relationships between structure and retention time in gas liquid chromatography of pentoses and hexoses leads to the formulation of following rule: the per-O-trimethylsilyl derivatives of aldoses stereoisomers with conformational stability, identical ring form and the same number of substituted OH groups are longer retained on polar columns when the equatorial substituents are more numerous and are located nearer to the anomeric carbon.
Localization of ferredoxin in the thylakoid membrane with immunological methods
Authors: Wyk Doris Hiedemann—Van , Kannangara C. Gamini
Published: February 2015

Antibodies were prepared against ferredoxin isolated from spinach. These antibodies and those against TPN-ferredoxin-reductase, carboxydismutase and coupling factor were used to clarify the localization of these proteins in the thylakoid membrane. Chloroplast preparations obtained by different methods show not the same immunological reactions. Only lamellar systems suspended in the leaf homogenate are agglutinated by anti-ferredoxin. Washed lamellar systems show an agglutination with anti-ferredoxin only if ferredoxin is added. In certain preparations of lamellar systems the presence of ferredoxin inhibit the reaction of anti-TPN-ferredoxin-reductase with the lamellar system. Lamellar systems freed of coupling factor by EDTA treatment are agglutinated by anti-TPN-ferredoxin-reductase. Addition of coupling factor to the EDTA treated lamellar systems inhibit the agglutination but not the adsorption of TPN-ferredoxin-reductase antibodies. By the assumption that the inhibition of the agglutination by the TPN-ferredoxin-reductase antibodies is caused by sterical hindrance, these results indicate, that ferredoxin, coupling factor and TPN-ferredoxin-reductase are localized close to each other in the thylakoid membrane.

Lamellar systems suspended in leaf homogenate are agglutinated by anti-TPN-ferredoxin-reductase. That means, that to a certain extend the molecular structure of the thylakoid membrane changes with the kind of preparations employed.
IR- und KMR-Spektren pseudo-oktaedrischer Kobalt(II)- und Nickel(II)-Komplexe / IR- and NMR-Spectra of Pseudo-Octahedral Cobalt(II) - and Nickel (II) -Complexes
Authors: Biedermann Hans G. , Rossmann Gerhard , Schwarzhans Karl E.
Published: February 2015

Cobalt (II) and Nickel (II) complexes of o-nitrophenole and methylsalicylate were prepared. The coordinated ligand atoms were determined by IR-spectroscopy. Spin densities indicating reac tive ligand sites to which radicals can be attached were determined by NMR-spectroscopy.
On the Structure of Peuarenarine, a New Coumarin from Peucedanum Arenarium
Authors: Zheleva A. , Bubeva-Ivanova L. , Spassov S. L.
Published: February 2015

Three new natural coumarin substances 1, 2 and 3 (derivatives of 2′,2′-dimethyl-3′,4′-dihydroxydihydropyrano-5′,6′:6,7-coumarin) were isolated from the roots and fruits of Peucedanum arenarium W.K.

On the basis of the spectral data from UV, IR, and NMR spectra of coumarin 1, named peuarenarine, it was assumed, that, it is an ester of 2′,2′-dimethyl-3′,4′-dihydroxy-dihydropyrano-5′,6′:6,7-coumarin and of angelic and 2,3-epoxy-2-methylbutyric acids.
Vergleichende Untersuchungen über hydratationsabhängige DNS-Sekundärstrukturänderungen bei isolierter DNS, isoliertem Nukleohiston und DNS in situ / Comparative studies on hydration dependent changes of DNA secondary structure of isolated DNA, isolated nucleohistone and DNA in situ
Authors: Zirwer D. , Becker M. , Buder E. , Schälike W. , Wetzel R.
Published: February 2015

Hydration dependent changes of DNA conformation of calf thymus DNA, Locusta sperm DNA, calf thymus and Locusta sperm nucleohistone and Locusta DNA in situ were studied by means of linear dichroic measurements. A comparison of the results leads to the following conclusion. The changes of DNA conformation in situ as a function of the degree of hydration may depend on the species specifity of (a) both DNA and protein of the complex, (b) the conformation of the complex and (c) the interactions between DNA and protein.
Light-Independent Uncoupler-Sensitive Ion Uptake by Green and by Pale Cells of Variegated Leaves of Higher Plants in Relation to Protein Content and Chloroplast Integrity
Authors: Lüttge U. , Ball Erika
Published: February 2015

Cl⊖ and K⊕ uptake by cells of variegated leaves of Oenothera and Tradescantia having normal and mutated chloroplasts, respectively, have been investigated. Under our conditions light has no effect on ion uptake. Cl⊖ uptake is highly sensitive to FCCP in both green and mutated cells, while K⊕ uptake is inhibited only in the green cells. Rates of ion uptake are higher in the green than in the mutated cells. The results allow two alternative explanations: (I) mutation may affect carrier-proteins and hence alter ion accumulation capacity of the cells; (II) light-independent metabolically controlled ion accumulation may be correlated with chloroplast differentiation.
Das Ribonukleinsäure-Ribonuklease-System von Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Zur Stoffwechselregulation bei Eukaryoten / On the Metabolic Regulation in Eucaryotes: The Ribonucleic Acid-Ribonuclease System in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Stärk Gerhard F. , Jaenicke Lothar
Published: February 2015

A “latent” ribosomal ribonuclease was demonstrated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae which was repressed by glucose parallel to the respiratory enzymes during logarithmic growth. It was induced by oxygen after consumption of glucose, and while the cells were growing on ethanol. In the growing cell, this ribonuclease was associated with the ribosomes. It hydrolyzed non-functional polynucleotide bonds only leaving untouched the integrity and functionality of the ribosomal structure. Though this ribonuclease was not integrated into the mitochondria, its synthesis depended upon the intact and coupled respiratory chain, similar to the mitochondrial enzymes proper. The function of the ribosomal ribonuclease seems to be the adaptation of the ribosomal ribonucleic acid content to the specific growth conditions together with the protein synthesis capacity of the cell. Hence, the enzyme serves the economy of the cell: when the cells grow fast during the fermentative phase only little ribonucleic acid is degraded; during the oxidative phase, when metabolic activity is low, ribonucleic acid is hydrolzyed as a saving mechanism. The switching between glycolytic and aerobic metabolism, which is brought about by alternating synthesis of the respective enzymes, is closely related to the ribonucleic acid turnover in the yeast cell and is probably regulated analogously in higher organisms.
SCFMO Study of the Tautomerism of Anilino-Thiazole and Related Compounds
Authors: Bodor N. , Schwartz I. , Trinajstić N.
Published: February 2015

SCFMO study of the tautomerism of anilino-thiazole, anilino-oxazole, and anilino-oxadiazole shows that amino form predominates.
Über die Wirkung eines Hemmfaktors aus Kulturen stimulierter Lymphocyten auf eine permanente Gewebe-Zellinie
Authors: Averdunk R.
Published: February 2015

It is shown that the 1700 × g supernatant of human lymphocytes stimulated with phytohaemagglutinin had an inhibitory, but not a lytic, effect on the permanent tissue sulture cell strain of Fl-cells. The factor called proliferation inhibition factor seems to be a protein. The incorporation of H3-thymidin into DNA was affected more and earlier than the incorporation of H3-uridin into RNA or C14-Leucin into protein of the cultured cells. There was no effect on respiration or glycolysis.
Kernresonanz-Untersuchung am System (CH3)3P/BF3 / N.M.R. Study of the System (CH3)3P/BF3
Authors: Grobe J. , Möller U.
Published: February 2015

The 2J (PH) coupling constant of mixtures of (CH3)3SiCH2CH2P(CH3)2 and BF3 depends on the ratio of the two components. During the investigation of the simpler system (CH3)3P/BF3the following results were obtained: 1. τH[P(CH3)3] and 2J(PH) vary steadily with the ratio (CH3)3P/BF3, 2. Only one doublet is observed even for mixtures with excess P(CH3)3, 3. 2J (PH) becomes zero for the given ratio BF3: P(CH3)3 = 0.4. The results can be explained by assuming a fast exchange according to equation (2) and opposite signs for the coupling constants of P(CH3)3 [2J (PH) = +2.5 Hz] and the adduct (CH3)3P →BF3[2J(PH) = -11.3 Hz].
Charakterisierung und Kinetik des in der Rattenplacenta vorkommenden mikrosomalen Enzyms, das den Wasserstoff-Transfer von Oestradiol auf Androstendion katalysiert / Characterization and Kinetics of the Microsomal Enzyme of Rat Placenta which Functions as a “Transhydrogenase” between Estradiol-17β and Androstenedione
Authors: Pollow Kunhard , Pollow Barbara
Published: February 2015

The microsomal fraction of rat placenta contains a 17β-hydroxysteroid-oxidoreductase which transfers hydrogen from position 17 of estradiol to androstenedione. This hydrogen transfer is dependent on NAD, NADP as cofactor is without effect. The optimum pH is at 6,9. In the presence of NAD the Michaelis constant for estradiol is 4,17 · 10-5м at pH 7,4. In the presence of androstenedione in the incubation medium the Km-value for estradiol is decreased, which indicates an increased affinity for the enzyme. The temperature optimum of the enzyme is 38 °C. Addition of SH-blocking agents inhibited the enzyme activity. Zinc and magnesium ions had an inhibitory effect on the “transhydrogenase” and B-NADPT specifically labelled from [1-T]-glucose showed that the non-effect of NADP on transhydrogenation from estradiol to androstenedione resulting in reduction of position 17 is not due to different stereospecifity.

The results show a close relation between the oxidative metabolism of estradiol and the reduction of androstenedione, indicating that estradiol-17β, as the preferred hydrogen-donating substrate, is an essential component of the androstenedione-hydrogenating system in the microsomal fraction of rat placenta.
Zur Lokalisierung der Proteinsynthese bei der Entwicklung des Lamellarsystems ergrünender Etioplasten / Localization of Protein Synthesis During Development of the Lamellar System of Greening Etioplasts
Authors: Lürssen Klaus
Published: February 2015

The stromata of etioplasts, greening etioplasts, and chloroplasts contain proteins which crossreact with proteins of the lamellar system of chloroplasts. It is shown that at least one cross-reacting protein is a water-soluble precursor of the lamellar system.

The water-insoluble fractions of the plastids were dissolved in buffer containing Na-benzene-dodecylsulfonate and analyzed by gel electrophoresis. The disc electrophoresis patterns of the prolamellar bodies of etioplasts showed 8 protein-containing bands of which 7 were also present in the preparations from greening etioplasts. The latter also yielded 5 new protein-containing bands. The lamellar system of chloroplasts showed only 8 bands which were identical with those of greening etioplasts, but it had only 3 bands in common with the prolamellar bodies of the etioplasts. Two of these proteins may be identical with antigens cross-reacting with stroma proteins.
Incorporation of Uridine in Cleavage Stage Eggs of the Sea Urchin Paracentrotus Lividus
Authors: Bockstahler Larry E.
Published: February 2015

Incorporation of uridine in cleavage stage eggs of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus was investigated. It was shown by ion exchange and thin layer chromatography that most of the uridine taken up during the 16-cell stage was converted into UTP with some incorporation into UDP and UMP. Conversion of uridine to these phosphorylated nucleosides occurred throughout early cleavage stages. A very small amount of uridine taken up by cleavage stage eggs is incorporated into RNA heterogeneous in size. This RNA was examined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Zum Einfluß verschieden substituierter s-Triazine auf Stoffwechselreaktionen der Grünalge Ankistrodesmus braunii / The Influence of Different s-Triazines on the Green Alga Ankistrodesmus braunii
Authors: Rau Iris , Grimme L. H.
Published: February 2015

The effects of four different substituted s-Triazines (Ametryn, Atraton, Atrazin and Simazin) on growth, photosynthesis, respiration and photoreduction of the green alga Ankistrodesmus braunii were studied.

The pl50-values ( = neg. log. of that concentration which produces 50% inhibition) for these reactions suggest a specific blocking of the second light reaction only in the very low concentration range of 10-6-10-7м. The most effective substance is Ametryn (p50(O2) =7.1) and the least effective Simazin (5.4).

At higher concentrations there are inhibitions which seem to affect the electron transport rather than the photosystem I.
Kinetik der Reaktion von 2.4-Dinitrofluorbenzol mit Imidazol-, SH- und Imidazol-SH-Verbindungen / Kinetics of the Reaction of 2,4-dinitro-1-fluorobenzene with Imidazole-, SH- and Imidazole-SH-compounds
Authors: Voigt Renate , Wenck Helmut , Schneider Friedhelm
Published: February 2015

First order rate constants of the reaction of a series of SH-, imidazole- and imidazole/SH-compounds with FDNB as well as their pH- and temperature dependence were determined. Some of the tested imidazole/SH-compounds exhibit a higher nucleophilic reactivity as is expected on the basis of their pKSH-values. This enhanced reactivity is caused by an activation of the SH-groups by a neighbouring imidazole residue. The pH-independent rate constants were calculated using the Lindley equation.

The kinetics of DNP-transfer from DNP-imidazole to SH-compounds were investigated. The pH-dependence of the reaction displays a maximum curve. Donor in this reaction is the DNP-imidazolecation and acceptor the thiolate anion.

The reaction rate of FDNB with imidazole derivatives is two to three orders of magnitude slower than with SH-compounds.

No inter- or intra-molecular transfer of the DNP-residue from sulfure to imidazole takes place.
Synthesis and Turnover of Membrane Proteins in Rat Liver: An Examination of the Membrane Flow Hypothesis
Authors: Franke Werner W. , Morre D. James , Deumling Barbara , Cheetham Ronald D. , Kartenbeck Jürgen , Jarasch Ernst-Dieter , Zentgraf Hans-Walter
Published: February 2015

The kinetics of synthesis and degradation of the protein constituents of nuclear membranes, endoplasmic reticulum membranes (rough-surfaced microsomes), Golgi apparatus membranes and plasma membranes were determined following a single administration of L- [guanido-14C] arginine by intraperitoneal injection. Membrane protein was determined as the fraction which resists sonication and sequential extrations with 1.5 M KCl, 0.1% deoxycholate and water to remove intravesicular, intracisternal (secretory), nucleo-, adsorbed and ribosome-associated proteins.

The order of maximum labeling of membrane proteins was a) endoplasmic reticulum (nuclear membrane), b) Golgi apparatus, and c) plasma membrane. Rapid decreases in specific radioactivity followed maximal labeling of endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus membranes. These rapid turnover components of endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus were sufficient to account for labeling of plasma membranes via a flow mechanism.

Incorporation of radioactivity into plasma membranes showed two distinct phases. The ultrastructural features underlying the biphasic pattern of incorporation into plasma membranes are discussed.

Following initial incorporation and rapid turnover, membrane proteins were characterized by degradation kinetics approximating 1st order. Rates of degradation for Golgi apparatus and plasma membranes were faster than those for nuclear envelope and endoplasmic reticulum membranes.

Assuming steady state conditions, an absolute synthetic rate of 7.1 mpg/min/avergage hepatocyte was calculated for membrane proteins of the plasma membrane.

The results are compatible with intracellular movement and conversion of rough endoplasmic reticulum to plasma membrane via the membranes of the Golgi apparatus, i. e., membrane flow. Additionally, the kinetics indicate that membrane synthesis and transfer is restricted to specific parts of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.
Größenbestimmung biologischer Partikel durch Gelchromatographie an Sepharose 6B / Determination of Particle Size by Gel Chromatography with Sepharose 6B
Authors: Gerlich Wolfram
Published: February 2015

Gel chromatography with 6% agarose gel (Sepharose 6B) can be used for measuring the Stokes’ radius of biological particles within the range of 1,5 nm and 35 nm. The molecular weight determination of proteins is not very reliable with this method. Hepatitis sera have been chromatographied to measure the size of hepatitis associated antigen (Australia-antigen).

The radius of this antigen was determined to be 10,3 nm, which agrees with the results of electron microscopy and ultracentrifugation. The Stokes’ radius of human serum IgM was found to be 10,6 nm.
Kinetische und chemische Untersuchungen über den Abbau von Di-N-acetylneuraminosyl-lacto-N-tetraose durch Neuraminidasen von Myxoviren und Vibrio cholerae / Kinetic and Chemical Experiments about the Decay of Di-N-acetylneuraminosyl-lacto-N-tetraose by Neuraminidases of Myxoviruses and Vibrio cholerae
Authors: Von Nicolai Hubertus , Drzeniek Rudolf , Zilliken Fritz
Published: February 2015

The splitting capacity of different neuraminidases (sialidases) has been tested on di-N-acetyl-neuraminosyl-lacto-N-tetraose from human milk. The substrate contains two residues of N-acetyl-neuraminic acid (NeuNAc), linked in (a, 2 → 3) position to D-galactose at the non-reducing end and in (a, 2 → 6) position to the adjacent N-acetyl-D-glucosamin. Vibrio cholerae neuraminidase releases both NeuNAc molecules. Newcastle disease virus neuraminidase as well as the enzyme from fowl plague virus cleave the (a, 2→3) linkage preferentially. The hydrolytic activity of both virus enzymes towards the (a, 2 → 6) linkage is highly reduced. Under specified experimental conditions the enzymes are useful for the structural determination of NeuNAc linkages in oligosaccharides.
Über den Einbau von intraduodenal appliziertem 14C/32P-Polyen-Phosphatidylcholin in die Leber von Ratten und seine Ausscheidung durch die Galle / Studies on the Incorporation of an Intraduodenal Applied 14C/32P-Polyen-Phospha-tidylcholine into the Liver of Rats and its Excretion in the Bile
Authors: Hölzl J. , Wagner H.
Published: February 2015

The incorporation of 14C- (fatty acid-) /32P-phosphatidylcholine containing high amounts of linoleic acid into rat liver and bile was studied. After injection into the intestine, 3.5% of the lipid was incorporated into the liver and 0.2% into the bile. Upon the injection into the portal vein, the corresponding values were 20% and 1 percent. The results show that about 20% of the phospholipid injected into the intestine was absorbed without splitting. From the 14C/32P-ratio of the bile phospholipid it could be concluded that temporarily the injected phospholipid was excreted from the liver into the bile in intact form.
Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation Spectroscopy in Solutions of Bovine Hemoglobin
Authors: Kimmich R.
Published: February 2015

The longitudinal proton relaxation time T1 of aqueous solutions of bovine ferrihemoglobin and carboxilated hemoglobin was measured in the Larmor frequency range 3·103 Hz to 1,2·108 Hz. The dispersion curves are explained by diamagnetic and electron paramagnetic relaxation mechanisms. An efficient direct dipolar coupling between the paramagnetic heme-groups and the water protons in ferrihemoglobin solutions can be excluded. The flat dispersion behaviour of the diamagnetic contribution suggests a broad distribution of molecular motions i. e. a certain flexibility of the hemoglobin molecule.
Über Perowskitphasen in den Systemen BaO — SE2O3 — UO2,x III
Authors: Kemmler-Sack S. , Wall I.
Published: February 2015

Ba2Lao,67UO5,5 and Ba2Ba0,67U1,33O6 are forming solid solutions with ordered cubic perovskite structure. According to the results of the optic and magnetic measurements they contain U(V) in the centers of distorted octahedrons and lanthanum always occupies the sixfold coordinated positions.
Zum chemischen und photochemischen Abbau der Cyclodien-Insektizide Aldrin, Dieldrin, Endosulfan und weiterer Hexachlorbicyclo-[2.2.1]-hepten-Derivate / The Chemical and Photochemical Degradation of the Cyclodien-Insecticides Aldrin, Dieldrin, Endosulfan and other Hexachloronorbornene Derivatives
Authors: Schuphan I. , Sajko B. , Ballschmiter K.
Published: February 2015

The conversion of the hexachloronorbornene-moiety of persistent cyclodiene pesticides has been studied by hydrolysis- and photolysis (UV) reactions. The chemical changes have been monitored by means of a microtitration method for chloride ions and electron capture gas chromatography. The 2,3-disubstituted hexachloronorborn-5-enes give a comparably easy loss of 1 mole chloride ions per mole compound if one of the substituents is a hydroxymethylene group, whereas with two carboxylic acid groups in the 2,3-position — that is chlorendic acid — or a further cycle or bicycle — that is endosulfanether or dieldrin — the compounds proved to be very stable. The alkaline stability of aldrin and dieldrin corresponds to their persistence in the ecosystem.
A Simple Technique for the Detection and Classification of Latent Avian RNA Tumor Viruses
Authors: Graf Thomas
Published: February 2015

A rapid and simple technique for the detection of latent RNA tumor viruses has been described. It is based on phenotypic mixing between the latent agent (s) and a nondefective strain of RSV used as indicator virus. Most of the embryos from two different chicken lines tested so far contain such agents. According to their host range and serological properties they belong to subgroup E. The phenotypic mixing assay may also be applied for the titration of nontransforming viruses in general.
An Improved Procedure for Measuring Neuraminidase Antibodies by Hemagglutination-Inhibition
Authors: Kendal Alan P. , Minuse Elva , Davenport Fred M.
Published: February 2015

Neuraminidase antibodies are known to inhibit hemagglutination by X-15 and X-15 (HK) recombinant viruses. However, the level of inhibition observed varies when different batches of chicken erythrocytes are employed, and the test generally detects neuraminidase antibodies with less sensitivity than an enzyme inhibition test. By titrating neuraminidase antibodies in the presence of anti-IgG globulins, with appropriate specificity, the hemagglutination-inhibition activity of neuraminidase antibodies is enhanced and the effect of cell variation is minimized. Consequently results obtained with this modified method for titrating neuraminidase antibodies become comparable to those obtained by measuring enzyme-inhibition. The improved hemagglutination-inhibition procedure possesses the important advantages of greater convenience and economy. Similar enhancing effects may also be obtained with egg white and guinea pig serum.
Structural Studies of the Ribonucleoprotein G-Antigen of Influenza Virus
Authors: Levitch M. J. Sparks , Eckert Edward A.
Published: February 2015

The physical and serological states of ribonucleoprotein antigen, released by dissociation of influenza virus, have been characterized. While the simplest antigenic derivative has a sedimentation constant of 4s, more complex antigenic forms, 19s, 38s, and 60s have been identified and isolated. The physical dimensions of isolated g-antigen are dependent on the form of pretreatment of virus concentrate and on the method of virus disruption. The properties of several isolated substructures vary, depending on interaction of the protein with host antigen and nucleic acid.

The results suggest that influenza virus ribonucleoprotein associates readily with host antigens and that this interaction plays a significant role in initiating the process of budding which leads to release of mature virus.
Metal Complexes of N-hydroxyethylnaphthalideneimine Schiff Base
Authors: Mehta R. K. , Singhi V. C.
Published: February 2015

The Schiff base, N-hydroxyethylnaphthalideneimine forms solid complexes with Mn (II) , Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II), Zn (II), Cd (II), Pd (II) and UO2 (II). The structures of these compounds have been discussed on the basis of their elemental analysis, magnetic moment values and electronic spectral data. These studies have conclusively proved that UO2 (II) and Mn (II) complexes are octahedral in shape whereas the Cu (II) complex molecule displays a square planar or tetragonally distorted octahedral configuration. Co (II) , Ni (II) , Zn (II) and Cd (II) complexes are tetrahedral in structures while the Pd (II) compound is square planar.
Fusion of Isolated Mitochondria with Tissue Culture Cells
Authors: Radsak K. , Sawicki W. , Koprowski H.
Published: February 2015

Experiments were undertaken to study the effect of introducing isolated mammalian cell mitochondria into tissue culture cells. The DNA of isolated mitochondria was labeled in vitro with 3H-thymidine. Incorporation of 3H-thymidine into mitochondrial DNA was increased tenfold by the addition of bovine serum albumin and sucrose to the assay.

Labeled HeLa cell mitochondria were fused with WI38 (human fibroblast) and I-T-22 (Bromodeoxyuridine resistant mouse cell line) cells in the presence of Sendai virus and autoradiographs were made. The results indicated that isolated mitochondria may have been introduced into the cells by the fusion process.

Fusion of mitochondria isolated from mouse tumor cell lines with isogenic primary mouse embryo fibroblasts induced permanent growth of these cells in tissue culture, whereas isolated mitochondria of mouse embryo fibroblasts or allogenic tumor cells did not have this effect.
Calciumisotopieeffekte beim Ionenaustausch an Dowex Al / Isotopic Effects of Calcium by Ion Exchange Using Dowex Al Resin
Authors: Heumann Klaus G.
Published: February 2015

The isotopic effect of calcium was determined in several heterogeneous systems with the chelating resin Dowex Al. In one column experiment the dependence of the isotopic effect on the concentration of the hydrochloric acid as the eluent was studied. In the case of a 10-2 M HCl the isotope 48Ca was enriched in the solution. In the case of a 10-4 M HCl an enrichment of the isotope 40Ca was observed in the solution. This inversion of the isotopic effect can be explained by the formation of a calcium complex in the chelating resin occurring in a 10-4 M HCl solution.

In another column experiment calcium was eluated with an EDTA solution. An enrichment of the heavier calcium isotopes was found in the solution. In this case only a small separation factor was found, because calcium forms a complex in the Dowex Al resin as well as in the EDTA solution.

In a static ion exchange experiment on the system Ca (DOWEX A1)
2+/Ca(aq.)
2+ the elementary separation factor was measured. The heavier isotopes were enriched in the solution. For the ratio 44Ca/40Ca the elementary separation factor was found to be 1.0137, in the case of 48Ca/40Ca the separation factor was 1.0214.
Flavonoide im Knospen-Exkret von Prunus-und Rhamnus- Arten / Flavonoids in Bud Excretions of Prunus and Rhamnus Species
Authors: Wollenweber Eckhard , Lebreton Philippe , Chadenson Michèle
Published: February 2015

Bud excretions of Prunus and Rhamnus species are shown to contain free flavonoid aglycones. While in Rhamnus these are the common flavonols known long ago as glycosides in berries and leaves, there are some rare aglycones to be found in Prunus avium, namely dihydrowogonin, jaceidin, 6-methoxykaempferol and its 3-methyl ether.
Das Bürzeldrüsensekret der Trauerente (Melanitta nigra) / The Uropygial Gland Wax from the Common Scoter (Melanitta nigra)
Authors: Jacob J. , Zeman A.
Published: February 2015

The uropygial gland fat from the common scoter (Melanitta nigra) is a mixture of ester waxes of which 2,4,6-trimethyl-octanoic and 2,4,6-trimethyl-nonanoic acid are shown to be the main compounds within the acidic components. Besides traces of 2,4-dimethyl-heptanoic and 4,6-dimethyloctanoic acid could be detected. The alcoholic components of the waxes are more complex and consist of n-alkanols (77,6%) with chain-length from C14— C18 and of monomethyl-substituted primary alcohols with the same chain-length and branches in 2-, 4-, 8-, 12- and 14-position.

Chemotaxonomically the common scoter differs from other birds of this tribe but has some relationship to the barnacle goose and to the red-breasted merganser.
Zur Abtrennung von Vanadinfluoriden aus UF6-haltigen Gasströmen / Separation of Vanadium Fluorides from UF6 Containing Gas Streams
Authors: Kuhrt Winfried , Kreutz Rolf , Schindler Hubert , Massonne Joachim
Published: February 2015

The preparation of surface active MgF2, CaF2, AlF3 and BiF3 in the shape of pellets is described. The testing of the adsorptive capacity of these pellets as well as of NaF pellets of the commercial qualities at temperatures in the range from 60°C to 400°C showed that sodium fluoride seems to be the most efficient adsorbent for the purification of UF6 containing gas streams from small quantities of VOF3 and VF5 at 250-300°C - a problem occurring at the conversion of uranium. For short-time separations of UFe/VOF3/VF5 or of UF6/VOF3 the use of MgF2 at about 300°C, respectively AlF3 at 100-200°C, may be taken into consideration.
Mannich Bases of Glyoxylanilide 2-Oximes and their Effect on Photosynthetic Electron Transport
Authors: Sidky M. M. , Soliman F. M. , El-Kateb A. A.
Published: February 2015

Glyoxylanilide 2-oximes (I a—c) condense with formaldehyde and secondary amines to give the corresponding Mannich bases (II a—1). The assigned structure II finds support from chemical and spectral evidences. Representative examples of the Mannich bases are tested as inhibitors for the Hill reaction and the result of the biological assay are discussed.
Increase in Adenosine Triphosphatase Activity of Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Cells Following Serial Cultivation in Media with Increased (Hypertonic) NaCl Content
Authors: Schachtschabel D. O.
Published: February 2015

The cellular activity of ouabain-sensitive sodium-potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase (Na+-K+-ATPase) and ouabain-insensitive Mg++-ATPase was analysed in sublines of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells serially cultivated either in isotonic media or in media with progressively increased NaCl concentration (up to 0.40 ᴍ).

Progressive elevation in the NaCl content of the medium resulted in a progressive increase of cellular ATPase activity, Na+-K+-ATPase thereby being more affected than Mg++-ATPase. These alterations in ATPase activities are interpreted as “adaptive” changes in response to the elevated ionic environment, since “readaptation” of these “high-salt”-tolerant cells to growth in isotonic media resulted in a reversion of the enzyme activities to the level characteristic of the original parent cells.
Beziehungen zwischen der Änderung des Kupferspiegels im Plasma und dem Wachstum des Morris-Hepatoms 3924 / Relation between the Alteration of the Copper Level in Plasma and the Growth of Morris- Hepatoma No. 3924
Authors: Wayss K. , Volm M. , Wesch H. , Zimmerer J.
Published: February 2015

During the growth of Morris- hepatoma No. 3924 in rats changes in the level of trace elements were observed using neutron activation analysis. The increase of copper concentration in the plasma correlated with the incorporation of 3H-thymidine in the tumor. In contrast to our investigations on Yoshida-sarcoma, the decrease of manganese in the liver did not correlate with the incorporation of tritiated thymidine in the hepatomas.
Kinetics and Mechanism of Os(VIII) Catalysed Oxidation of Mandelate Ion by Alkaline Ferricyanide
Authors: Soni G. C. , Menghani G. D.
Published: February 2015

The kinetics of the reaction between alkaline ferricyanide and mandelic acid catalysed by [Os (VIII) ] has beeen studied. The rate of ferricyanide disappearance was found to be proportional to the concentration of mandelate ion and Os (VIII), but independent of the concentration of ferricyanide. Within a limited concentration range of hydroxyl ion [ [OH-1] < 0.25 M] the rate varies directly as the [OH⁻]. Effects of SO4
-2, ΝO3
-1NO3
-1 and temperature on the rate were studied. ΔΕ, PZ, AS* etc. were evaluated. Mechanism of oxidation of mandelic acid based on the formation of Os (VIII) acid anion complex is suggested.
Über den Abbau von Flavonolen in pflanzlichen Zellsuspensionskulturen / Degradation of Flavonols in Plant Suspension Cultures
Authors: Hösel Wolfgang , Shaw Paul D. , Barz Wolfgang
Published: February 2015

The flavonols kaempferol, quercetin and isorhamnetin were labelled with 14C by keeping seven day old Cicer arietinum L. plants in an atmosphere of 14CO2 for five days. The purified (U-14C) flavonols were applied to cell suspension cultures of Cicer arietinum L., Phaseolus aureus Roxb., Glycine max and Petroselinum hortense. Based on the rates of 14CO2 formation and distribution of radioactivity after fractionation of the cells, the flavonols were shown to be catabolized to a very high extent.

All four cell suspension cultures possess the enzymatic activity transforming flavonols to the recently discovered 2,3-dihydroxyflavanones. Upon incubation of the flavonols datiscetin and kaempferol with enzyme preparations from Cicer arietinum L. cell suspension cultures, it was demonstrated that the enzymatically formed 2,3-dihydroxyflavanones are further transformed in an enzyme catalyzed reaction. Salicylic acid was found as a degradation fragment of ring B of the 2,3,5,7,2′-pentahydroxyflavanone derived from datiscetin. Neither phloroglucinol nor phloroglucinol carboxylic acid were observed as metabolites of ring A. These in vitro findings were further substantiated by in vivo data because the flavonols kaempferol, quercetin and datiscetin when applied to cell suspension cultures of Cicer arietinum L. and Glycine max gave rise to para-hydroxybenzoic acid, protocatechuic acid and salicylic acid, respectively. It was thus concluded that flavonols are catabolized via 2,3-dihydroxyflavanones with the B-ring liberated as the respective benzoic acid. The data are discussed in connection with earlier findings on the catabolism of chalcones, cinnamic and benzoic acids.
Spin Label Studies on the Flavoproteins Lipoamide Dehydrogenase and D-Amino Acid Oxidase
Authors: Grande H. J. , Visser A. J. W. G. , De Wit J. L. , Müller F. , Veeger C.
Published: February 2015

Maleimide spin label was covalently bound to sulfhydryl residues of ᴅ-amino acid oxidase and lipoamide dehydrogenase. Labeling of native ᴅ-amino acid oxidase resulted in a non-homogeneous EPR-spectrum, which consisted of 4 moles of spin label bound immobile to the enzyme (mol.-weight 90.000). A detailed analysis of the spectrum, the kinetics of the reaction of the spin label with the protein and the temperature dependence of the spectrum showed that the spectrum originates from two different pairs of sulfhydryl groups. The spin labeled lipoamide dehydrogenase yielded also a mixed EPR-spectrum of two different bound spin labels, i.e. an immobile and a semimobile species. The temperature dependence gave for both types of spectra a transition point at 10°C. Titration with urea gave only for the immobile species a transition at 1.5 M. Part of the semimobile species seems to be bound near the active site.

ᴅ-amino acid oxidase was also specifically labeled, near the active site, with a substrate analogue. From its EPR-spectrum it appeared that the analogue was bound very mobile (τc=0.3 nsec) with respect to the protein. Removal of FAD had a drastic reversible effect on the spectrum.
Activation of Soluble Succinate Dehydrogenase by Reduction
Authors: Klaasse A. D. M. , Slater E. C.
Published: February 2015

Ubiquinone-free succinate dehydrogenase may be activated by reduction by NADH (in the presence of an enzyme catalysing the transfer of reducing equivalents to succinate dehydrogenase) or Na2S2O4.
On the Mechanism of Adenylyl Sulfate Reductase for the Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium, Desulfovibrio vulgaris
Authors: Peck Harry D. , Bramlett Royce , Bramlett Royce , Vartanian Daniel V. Der
Published: February 2015

The roles of enzyme-bound FAD and non-heme iron in the mechanism of adenylyl sulfate reductase have been investigated by inhibitor studies, stopped-flow techniques and EPR spectroscopy. The results indicate that the non-heme iron found in the purified reductase is catalytically active and that the turnover number of the enzyme-bound FAD is identical with the maximum turnover number for the enzyme.
The Interaction between Pyrimidine Nucleosides and Benzene in Aqueous Solution, studied by Proton Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Lüdemann H.-D.
Published: February 2015

Changes caused in the PMR spectra of aqueous solutions of four pyrimidine nucleosides (uridine, deoxyuridine, cytidine and thymidine) containing benzene (0.12 molal) by the variation of concentration and temperature have been investigated. From the data obtained, the participation of the benzene molecules in the stacking of the nucleosides is deduced.
Über die prompte und verzögerte Fluoreszenz des Chlorophylls während der Photomorphogenese des photosynthetischen Apparates grüner Pflanzen / The Prompt and Delayed Light Emission of Chlorophyll During Photomorphogenesis of the Photosynthetic Apparatus of Green Plants
Authors: Bauer Robert , Franck Ulrich F.
Published: February 2015

The greening process of etiolated bean and maize leafs was followed by measuring the prompt and delayed light emission of chlorophyll. Above all it was concluded that the development of photosynthetic Systems I and II could be observed by studying the formation of the Kautsky -effect. First light-induced changes in the chlorophyll fluorescence intensity do not occur until 2,5 h of irradiation. It could be shown that they reflect the function of PS II reaction centers and under anaerobic conditions the electron flow between PS II and PS I. Full active electron flow from water to NADP is first to presume with the appearence of all characteristics of the Kautsky -effect (O—I—D—P curve at 3 h of irradiation).
Darstellung, Eigenschaften und Schwingungsspektrum von Wismut(III)dichlorphosphat, Bi(O2PCl2)3 · OPCl3 / Preparations, Chemical Properties and the Vibrational Spectra of Bismuthum (III) dichlorphosphate, Bi (O2PCl2) 3·OPCl3
Authors: Klopsch A. , Dehnicke K.
Published: February 2015

Bi(O2PCl2)3·POCl3, formed by the reaction of BiCl3 and Cl2O in POCl3 solution, has been characterised by vibrational spectroscopy. The Bi-atom is surrounded by the O-atoms of the chlorophosphate groups and the POCl3 in a pseudo-hexahedral arrangement.

The IR-spectrum of BiCl3 in the 200—600 cm—1 region is reported.
Nile Blue Inducible Fluorescence of Tumour Cells
Authors: Bastos A. L. , Marques Dante
Published: February 2015

An oxazine dye, Nile Blue sulfate, induces a fluorescent reaction in cytoplasmic granules (NBIFG) of living or fixed tumour cells in the same manner as reported before for Thiazine dyes.

The NBIFG correspond to phase contrast positive granules when cells are viewed by phase contrast microscopy. Fluorescence disappears from NBIFG in a matter of 2—4 days and the bodies turn deep blue. These granules have a succinate dehydrogenase (SDG) activity and are negative for acid phosphatase, peroxidasic activity and porphyrin.

The cytological findings support the assumption that Nile Blue sulfate forms a salt linkage with unsaturated fatty acids of NBIFG which also show an oxi-reductive activity. The molecular nature of the fluorophore (s) is (are) unknown.
Stimulierung von Kulturen embryonaler Rattenzellen durch Kälberserum, III / Stimulation of Embryonic Rat Cells in Culture by Calf Serum, III
Authors: Humpel Michael , Frank Werner
Published: February 2015

Embryonic rat cells which have been stopped in G1-phase of their cell cycle by incubation in serum-free medium can be triggered by the addition of calf serum.

Expamination of uridine uptake and RNA synthesis after stimulation gave the following results:

1) Uridine uptake into the acid soluble pool is increased within a few minutes.

2) 2 hours after the addition of serum cells incorporate twice as much 3H-uridine into the acid insoluble material as do cells in serum-free medium; this is not the result of a higher rate of RNA synthesis but is due to an increased uridine uptake.

As demonstrated by isolation of RNA and electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels a significant de novo synthesis can be detected 4 hours after stimulation. Sedimentation coefficients of these RNA species are between 28S and 18S, and 18S and 4/5S, resp.; they turn over quite rapidly as was demonstrated by chase experiments.

3) When cells are grown for 2 hours in medium containing 3H-uridine, little label can be detected in the ribosomal 18S- and 28S-RNA. Radioaktivity in these species is, however, strongly increased after another incubation period of 2 hours in culture medium without 3H-uridine. This indicates that precursor molecules ars synthetized and subsequently degrated into 28S- and 18S-rRNA.
Beiträge zur Chemie des Phosphors, 49.
Authors: Junkes Peter , Baudler Marianne , Dobbers Jürgen , Rackwitz Dieter
Published: February 2015

The 31P- and 1H-NMR spectra of PH3, PD3, P2H4, P2D4, P3H5, and of a mixture of higher phosphanes were investigated at -60° to -93°C. The chemical shifts of the 31P-spectra were determined against TMS by means of INDOR measurements and converted to the shifts against 85% H3PO4 at 30°C using (CH3O)3P as an auxiliary substance. By the same method a P4O6/CS2 solution was calibrated as a 31P-low temperature standard.

While liquid P2H4 exhibits no remarkable association, it shows an obvious influence on PH3 dissolved in it. By means of double resonance experiments the equivalency of protons in P2H4 could be demonstrated as well as the AB2 system expected for P3H5
Zur Chemie der vicinalen Triketone, 5. Mitt. Synthesen von Heterocyclen, 171. Mitt. / The Chemistry of vicinal Triketones, V Syntheses of Heterocycles, CLXXI
Authors: Müller Alfred K. , Wittmann Helga
Published: February 2015

3.4.5-Trioxo-2.6-di-tert.-butyl-1.2.6-thiadiazin-1-oxide reacts with o-, m- and p-Nitrophenylhydrazine at the center C=O-group to give hydrazones. However, with phenylhydrazine and 2.4-dinitrophenylhydrazine benzoxadiazepines are formed
Fluoreszenz- und Fluoreszenzpolarisationsmessungen zur Deutung der Elektronenspektren an Phaeophytin a und b / Fluorescence Measurements and Fluorescence Polarization Measurements for Interpreting Electronic Spectra of Pheophytin a and b
Authors: Zanker Valentin , Rudolph Ernst , Hindelang Fritz
Published: February 2015

Polarization measurements of pheophytin a and b show that the oscillator directions of successive electron transitions are alternating. There are thus 3 transitions in the long wavelength range of the electronic spectrum (at about 15000, 18500 and 19500 cm-1). Further electron transitions are indicated by the Soret band. The 0→0 bands are each accompanied by 1-2 vibrational trasitions. The different spectral features of pheophytin b compared to pheophytin a, in the range of 17500 cm-1 to 21000 cm-1, results from different intensity factors for the equivalent electron transitions
Die Wirkung von Hydroxyharnstoff auf die DNA-Synthese embryonaler Rattenzellen in Kultur / The Effect of Hydroxyurea on DNA Synthesis of Embryonic Rat Cells in Culture
Authors: Manso-Martinez Rafael , Frank Werner
Published: February 2015

3H-thymidine incorporation by secondary cultures of embryonic rat cells and by cultures of a permanent rat cell line is strongly inhibited a few minutes after addition of hydroxyurea (HU) to the culture medium (2 × 10-3 ᴍ and 5 × 10-4 ᴍ, resp.); normal embryonic rat cells are considerably less sensitive to the drug than are permanent cells. About 76 percent of the population of a secondary culture can be synchronized at the beginning of the S-period, if the cells at first are accumulated in G1 phase by incubation in serum-free medium and subsequently are stimulated by the addition of ten percent calf serum in the presence of 2 × 10-3 ᴍ HU.

The size of DNA replicated in the presence of HU has been analysed by centrifugation in alkaline sucrose gradients. The results indicate that under these conditions DNA subunits are synthesized with sedimentation coefficients between 21S and 30S. These intermediates cannot be joined together, probably because a ligase is inhibited by HU.

Secondary culture incubated in medium-containing 1 × 10-4 ᴍ HU incorporate twice as much 3H-thymidine as do control cells in HU-free medium. This is due to an increased number of cells in the S phase, as was shown by autoradiography. The kinetics of thymidine incorporation indicate that the duration of G1 phase is shortened by small doses of HU
Eigenschaften einer niedermolekularen DNA-Fraktion aus embryonalen Rattenzellen in Kultur / Properties of a Low-molecular Weight DNA from Embryonic Rat Cells in Culture
Authors: Manso-Martinez Rafael , Frank Werner
Published: February 2015

Normal embryonic rat cells, which are synchronized in G1 phase of their cell cycle, by incubation in serum-free medium contain a DNA fraction with a sedimentation coefficient S20 between 11 and 12. This double-stranded DNA shows a significantly higher buoyant density in caesiumchloride than does the bulk of cellular DNA, and its replication is not restricted to a distinct part of the S period. The possible role of these DNA subunits in the replication mechanism is discussed
Phosphinsäuretrimethylsilylester und ihre Verwendung bei Synthesen / Trimethylsilylesters of Phosphinic Acids and their Use in Syntheses
Authors: Steinberger Helmut , Kuchen Wilhelm
Published: February 2015

Various methods for the preparation of Trimethylsilylesters of Phosphinic acids R2P(X)YSi (CH3)3 (X, Y = O, S) are described. The properties and some reactions of these compounds are reported.
Ionische dielektrische Relaxationsprozesse in Festkörpern, I / Ionic Dielectric Relaxation Processes in Solids, I
Authors: Schön Günter
Published: February 2015

Dielectric measurements have been made on single-crystals of mica-type layer silicates (vermiculites) in the frequency range between 30 Hz and 10 MHz. The migration of K+-and NH4
+-interlayer cations by free cation sites causes a low-frequency relaxation. It is interpreted by the orientation of large dipoles they form with parent negative layer charges. For both ions the activation enthalpy of diffusion across the lattice is 11.94 kcal/mole. Additional N-H · · · O hydrogen bonds are formed by the NH4
+ ions at low temperatures. There results a bond enthalpy of 1.3 kcal/mole and a life-time of 1.2 · 10-5 sec (at 40°C). A discussion of the different rate process equations yields the applicability of the Bauer equation.
Die Eignung einiger Übergangsmetallhalogenide als Kathodenmaterialien / The Suitability of Some Transition Metal Halides as Cathode Materials
Authors: Eichinger Günter , Fritz Heinz P.
Published: February 2015

Some transition metal halides are tested for their suitability as cathode materials in secondary high energy batteries. The solubilities of the silver halides are determined colorimetrically. Furthermore the generation of halide complexes of silver and copper halides in different electrolytes is tested by cyclic voltammetry. It is shown, that with silver and copper halides in different electrolytes, even in a solution of 1 ᴍ LiAlCl4 in PC halide complexes are formed, which rapidly diffuse from the working electrode. The generated chloro complexes were determined by potentiometric titrations as AgCl2, CuCl2 and CuCl2-
4. The use of other transition metal halides is also considered.
Absorptionsuntersuchungen an Spiropyranlösungen im sichtbaren Spektralbereich / Investigations of the Absorption Properties of Spiropyran Solutions in the Visible Spectral Range
Authors: Vollmer H.-P.
Published: February 2015

It will be shown that the sensitivity of UV-sensitive spiropyran films to visible light is caused by the absorption of the open, coloured form of the spiropyran. The dependence of the fraction of this open to the closed form of the spiropyran from the solvent, HX-donator, polymer-binder, and the structur of the spiropyran molecule has been examined.