bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Drug Delivery of Dopamine Using a Responsive Polymeric System.
Authors: Hendy Gillian M. , Li Dan , Moulton Simon , Wallace Gordon , Breslin Carmel
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
From Lithium to Lithium Ion, a 40 Year Battery Generation (Battery Technology Award Address)
Authors: Broussely Michel
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrochemical Kinetics of Oxygen Reduction on Patterned Platinum/YSZ
Authors: La O' Gerardo Jose C. , Koc Serkan , Golfinopoulos Theodore , Shao-Horn Yang
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Comparison of Oxygen Reduction Reactions on Microfabricated and Patterned Thin-films of La1-xSrxMnO3 and La1-xSrxFeO3 (x = ~0.2)
Authors: La O' Gerardo Jose C. , Shao-Horn Yang
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
BaLaIn2O5.5 Electrolyte Single Chamber Fuel Cell Using Ni Cermet Anode: Introduction of Barrier Layer Between the Electrolyte and the Anode
Authors: Suzuki Hiroaki , Kanatani Kenichi , Fujita Naoki , Kobayashi Teruaki , Hibino Mitsuhiro , Yao Takeshi
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
The Application of Hydrogel-Polypyrrole Composite Electrodes in the Development of a Novel Drug Delivery System.
Authors: Alcock Bernadette , Earley Sean , Breslin Carmel B.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
CO2 Corrosion: a Neural Network Approach
Authors: Trasatti Stefano J. , Zangari Giovanni
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Role of Localized Protection for the Performance of Conducting Polymer Based Composite Coatings
Authors: Michalik Adam , Isik-Uppenkamp Sonnur , Rohwerder Michael
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Study of Nano Metal Oxide Properties for Organic Coating Deposition
Authors: Wielant Jan , Tourwe Els , Goossens Veerle , Van Gils Sake , Hausbrand René , Hubin Annick , Terryn Herman A.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Prevention of Blister Formation in Electroless Deposited Copper Film on Organic Substrates
Authors: Lee Seonhee , Nam Hyo-Seung
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Stress Effects on Localized Corrosion Site Morphology in an Al-Li-Cu Alloy
Authors: Connolly Brian J. , Scully J. R.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Stabilization of xLi2MnO3•(1-x)LiMO2 Electrodes by Mild Acid Treatment
Authors: Kang Sun-Ho , Thackeray Michael
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Li/CFx Medical Battery Development
Authors: Zhu Hui Jian , Gavril Marcela , Feng Li , Karpinet Daniela
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Anionic Membrane-Gas Diffusion Electrodes Based on MnxCu1-xCo2O4 Electrocatalysts in Alkaline Medium
Authors: Poirier Simon-Claude , De Koninck Mathieu , Fauvarque Jean François , Marsan B.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Fabrication and Electrochemical Applications of 3D Self-Assembled Metallic Micropolyhedra
Authors: Leong Timothy , Park Jung-Rae , Gracias David
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Metabolic Profiling of Organophosphate Exposure to PC12 Cells by Multianalyte Microphysiometry
Authors: Wilburn Jeremy , Ciobanu Madalina , Jenkins Jerry , Cliffel David E.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Determination of Uranium Dioxide Corrosion Rates by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy
Authors: He Heming , Qin Z. , Zhu R. , Noël James , Ding Zhifeng , Shoesmith David W.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
High Throughput Processing and Characterization of Surface Oxides Using an Automated Scanning Droplet Cell
Authors: Mardare Andrei I. , Wieck Andreas Dirk , Hassel Achim Walter
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Localized Visualization of Electrochemical and Catalytic Activities. Application in Fuel Cell, Biofuel Cell, Biosensor and Corrosion Research
Authors: Schuhmann Wolfgang
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
High Voltage, Moderate Current Thin Film Transistor for Actuator Applications
Authors: Jamshidi-Roudbari Abbas , Kuo Po-Chin , Hatalis Miltiadis
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Multivariate Techniques for Identifying, Understanding and Predicting Complex Electrochemical Behavior from Electrode Arrays
Authors: Steen William A. , Stork Christopher
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Stability of Aromatic Redox Shuttle for Overcharge Protection of Lithium-Ion Cells
Authors: Chen Zonghai , Amine Khalil
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Identification of the Source of Evolved Gas in Li-Ion Batteries by Using 13C-Labeled Solvents
Authors: Onuki Masamichi , Sakata Yuuichi , Yanagidate Miwa , Otake Yumiko , Kinoshita Shinichi , Ue Makoto , Deguchi Masaki
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Improvement of Thermal Stability of Li Battery by Room Temperature Ionic Liquids (RTILs)
Authors: Sakaebe Hikari , Matsumoto Hajime , Tatsumi Kuniaki
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
The Development of Monolithic Design for Methanol Micro-Reformer and CO Clean-Up
Authors: Jeong Hoon Oh , Chung Chan-Hwa , Haam Seung Joo , Park Jung Juu
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Thin Film Electrochemical Deposition at Temperatures up to 180 {degree sign}C for Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Levy-Clement Claude
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
An Overview of Interfacial Processes in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Operating at Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Sambandam Satheesh , Trogadas Panagiotis , Ramani V.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Mathematical Modeling of the Lead-Acid Battery for Automotive Applications
Authors: Cugnet Mikael , Laruelle Stéphane , Grugeon Sylvie , Roy Patrick , Sabatier Jocelyn , Tarascon Jean-Marie , Oustaloup Alain
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Synthesis of Nanostructured Composite Materials for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications
Authors: Donthu Suresh , Cai Mei , Ruthkosky Martin
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Water and Heat Transport in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
Authors: Wang Chao-Yang
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
A Model Study for Oxygen Reduction Reaction and Durability of Pt/C Catalyst in Triple-Phase Boundary of PEFCs
Authors: Hirai Tomoaki , Kinumoto Taro , Katakura Katsumi , Uchimoto Yoshiharu , Ogumi Zempachi
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Evaluation of Coatings and Surface Treatments for Stainless-Steel Fuel-Cell Flow-Field Plates.
Authors: Rivas Sandra V. , Manriquez Federico , Arriaga Luis G. , Orozco Germán
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Characterization of Non-Pt Based Cathodes in an Alkaline Microfluidic H2-O2 Fuel Cell
Authors: Zhou Wei-Ping , Jayashree Ranga , Brushett Fikile , Kenis Paul
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Oxidation of Suspended Stacked Silicon Nanowire for Sub-10nm Cross-Section Shape Optimization
Authors: Hubert Alexandre , Colonna Jean-Philippe , Bécu Stéphane , Dupré Cécilia , Maffini-Alvaro Virginie , Hartmann Jean-Michel , Pauliac Sébastien , Vizioz Christian , Aussenac François , Carabasse Catherine , Delaye Vincent , Ernst Thomas , Deleonibus Simon
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Theory of Metal/Dielectric Interfaces -Breakdown of Schottky Barrier Limits-
Authors: Shiraishi Kenji , Nakayama Takashi , Nakaoka Takashi , Ohta Akio , Miyazaki Seiichi
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
In Situ Stress and Nanogravimetric Measurements During Underpotential Deposition
Authors: Stafford Gery R. , Bertocci Ugo
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electroless Deposition of Metals on Nanopatterns of n-alkylsilane SAMs
Authors: Garno Jayne C. , Li Jie-Ren
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
In-situ Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy to Investigate Lithium-ion Rechargeable Batteries
Authors: Itagaki Masayuki , Nonaka Taiki , Shitanda Isao , Watanabe Kunihiro
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Small Crystal Hubbard Models for Studying Excitonic Spectra of Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Alfonsi Jessica , Meneghetti Moreno
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
A New Versatile Synthesis of Fulleroproline Derivatives
Authors: Keller Paul , Pyne Stephen
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrochemical Dynamics of Producing Power from Treating Organic Wastewater in Biofuel Cell
Authors: Wang Li , Wu Jianhua
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Preparation of MnFe2O4 Supercapacitor by using Electroplating Method
Authors: Su Mei-Hui , Wu Nick Nae-Lih
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrolytic Properties of Quaternary Ammonium Salts with Difluoro(oxalato)borate Anions and Its Application to Electric Double Layer Capacitors
Authors: Takahashi Ryousuke , Nanbu Noritoshi , Sasaki Yukio
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Development of Solid Electrolytes for High-Performance Lithium Batteries
Authors: Murugan Ramaswamy , Weppner Werner J.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Imidazole-Modified RTILs as Electrolytes for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries
Authors: Geiculescu Olt E. , Rajagopal Rama , Oh Jung Min , Lu Changqing , Creager Stephen , DesMarteau Darryl
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Selective CO Oxidation Electrocatalysts at Low Overpotentials using Carbon-Supported Rh Porphyrins
Authors: Yamazaki Shin-ichi , Yamada Yusuke , Takeda Sahori , Ioroi Tsutomu , Siroma Zyun , Yasuda Kazuaki
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrocatalytic Properties of Pyrochlore-Type Oxide for PEFC
Authors: Iwanaga Takuro , Takase Satoko , Shimizu Youichi
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Organic Modified LiFePO4 Nanocrystals by Supercritical Water Hydrothermal Synthesis
Authors: Rangappa Dinesh , Zhou Haoshen , Kudo Tetsuichi , Honma Itaru
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Quantitative Studies on Thermal Stability of Charged Graphite in an Electrolyte Containing Fluorine Compound as Additives
Authors: Yamaki J-i. , Doi Takayuki , Zhao Liwei , Zhou Mingjiong , Okada Shigeto
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy of Meso-structured FePO4 Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries
Authors: Shi Zhicong , Yang Yong , Liu Guichang , Wang Liang
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrochemical Properties of LiFe0.965Cr0.03Co0.005PO4/C Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Lee Jeong-Heon , Choi Hee-Lack , Chung Kyung-Yoon , KIM Chang-Sam
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Deterioration Analysis of DC internal resistance by "Current-Rest-Method" using the "four-electrode cell" for LIB
Authors: Yata Shizukuni , Kinoshita Hajime , Satake Hisashi , Kinoshita Shunji
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Performance of Thermally Modified, Potentiometric Gas Sensor Array in Gas Mixtures
Authors: Blackburn Bryan M. , Wachsman E. D.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Synthesis of Proton Conducing In-doped SnP2O7 Nanopowders by Coprecipitation Method
Authors: Park Chul-Jae , Kim Dong-Han , Kim Jae-Kook , Lee Jong-Sook , Song Sun-Ju , Ryu Hyun-Wook
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Chemical Synthesis of Nanoscale YSZ Electrolyte Powder for Thin Electrolyte Layer of SOFC Unit Cell
Authors: Kim Ho Sung , Shin Yu Cheol , Kim Young Mi
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Protonic Conduction Behavior of Nano Powder Compact of Sulfated Hydrous Titania
Authors: Kajitani Satoshi , Matsumoto Hiroshige , Ishihara Tatsumi
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
High Temperature Protonic Conduction and Crystal and Defect Structures in La1-xBa1+xGa1-yMgyO4-d
Authors: Kitamura Naoto , Usuki Toshiyuki , Idemoto Yasushi
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy of DNA Monolayers Modified with Nile Blue
Authors: Slowinski Krzysztof , Gorodetsky Alon A. , Hammond William , Hill Michael , Barton Jacqueline K.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Biological Applications of Self-assembled Dithiothreitol-Phospholipids on Au Surfaces
Authors: Creczynski-Pasa Tania B. , Millone M , Munford M. , Lima V. , Vieira T , Benitez G , Pasa Andre A. A. , Salvarezza R , Vela M E
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Nanoscale Crystalline Structures Observed in Double-Clad Cr4+:YAG Crystal Fiber
Authors: Lin Yen-Sheng , Lai Chien-Chih , Huang Kuang-Yao , Huang Kuang-Yao
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Microelectrochemistry on CrS and MnS Inclusions and Its Relation with Pitting Potentials of Stainless Steels
Authors: Muto Izumi , Kurokawa Shimpei , Hara Nobuyoshi
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
High-Temperature Gravimetric Study on the Kinetics of the Formation of SrTiO3 by Solid State Reaction of SrCO3 and TiO2
Authors: Niwa Eiki , Sato Kazuhisa , Yashiro Keiji , Mizusaki Junichiro
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Top-Contact Organic Thin-Film Transistors Fabricated by Picoliter and Sub-Femtoliter Inkjets
Authors: Sekitani Tsuyoshi , Noguchi Yoshiaki , Klauk Hagen , Zschieschang Ute , Someya Takao
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
High Performacne InGaZnO4-based Thin film Transistors Fabricated at Low Temperature
Authors: Lim Wantae , Wang Yu-lin , Lee Jewon , Norton David P. , Ren F. , Pearton Stephen J.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Selective Epitaxial Deposition of Ge on Si: Facet Formation and How to Avoid it
Authors: Wang Gang , Leys Frederik E. , Loo Roger , Caymax Matty , Brunco David P. , Meuris Marc , Vandervorst Wilfried , Heyns Marc M.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Bottom-up Copper Deposition in Deep Holes by Selective Accelerator Removal
Authors: Hayase Masanori , Nagao Masayuki
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Effects of Additives in Ru Electroless Plating Formulation
Authors: Chen Jing-Yu , Wu Pu-Wei , Lu Yung-Jean
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Autocatalytic Deposition of Co-Fe Ultra-Thin Films
Authors: Borioli Carlo , Franz Silvia , Cantoni Matteo , Bontempi Elza , Bestetti Massimiliano , Cavallotti Pietro
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrodeposition of Super Invar and Multilayered Super Invar/Cu into Micro-recess
Authors: Kim Hana , Podlaha Elizabeth
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrocrystallization of Cellular Co Films from Model Electrolytes
Authors: Cattaneo Laura , Franz Silvia , Bestetti Massimiliano , Vicenzo Antonello , Cavallotti Pietro
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Kinetics and Mechanism of Growth of Disk-shaped, Single Crystal Cu Islands
Authors: Guo Lian , Searson Peter
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
One-Step Through-Mask Electrodeposition of a Porous Structure Composed of Manganese Oxide Nanosheets
Authors: Nakayama Masaharu , Fukuda Masaki
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Simultaneous Preparation of Hydrogen Peroxide and Ozone with Electrochemical Reaction
Authors: Ishiwata Kuniaki , Ono Yasushi
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Randomly Oriented and AC Dielectrophoresis-Aligned Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistors (SWNT-FETs)
Authors: Lim Jae-Hong , Mubeen Syed , Rheem Youngwoo , Phiboolsirichit Nopparat , Deshusses Marc , Mulchandani Ashok , Myung Nosang
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Effect of Water Management on the Operation of a Hybrid-Sulfur PEM Electrolyzer for Hydrogen Production
Authors: Staser John A. , Weidner John
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Study of Properties of Lithium Phosphorous Oxynitride (Lipon) for its Integration into 3-D Rechargeable Lithium Microbatteries
Authors: Xu Fan , Dudney Nancy J. , Erdonmez Can , Lai Wei , Chin Tim , Chiang Y-M.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Microfabrication of Thin Film SOFC with 3D Microperiodic Porous Electrodes
Authors: Choi Sun Hee , Hwang Cheol-Seong , Lee Jong-Ho , Lee H.-W. , Kim Joosun , Son J.-W. , Kim Hae-Ryoung
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Thin Film Micro-Batteries Prepared by Combinatorial PLD Method
Authors: Kawamura Junichi , Naoaki Kuwata , Kamishima Osamu , Matsuda Yasutaka
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Large-Scale Linkages of Socioeconomic Drought with Climate Variability and Its Evolution Characteristics in Northwest China
Authors: Liu Siyuan , Zhang Jianfeng , Wang Ni , Wei Na
Published: February 2020

Socioeconomic drought is one of the most frequent natural disasters in the world and is closely related to human life. The main cause of socioeconomic drought is the contradiction between water supply and demand; hence, as local reservoirs play a major role in improving water supply and coping with extreme climate, it is reasonable to estimate socioeconomic drought based on reservoir operations. The multivariate standardized reliability and resilience index (MSRRI) is utilized to evaluate socioeconomic drought, considering the characteristics of reservoir management and storage water resources. Therefore, with the MSRRI, this study takes the Heihe River Basin in northwestern China, which is controlled by two reservoirs dominating the upstream and downstream regions, as a case study to reveal the evolution characteristics of socioeconomic drought in the basin and the external impacts of climate variability. The results showed that (1) the drought intensity in the up-midstream region is stronger than that in the downstream region; in view of the hysteresis in the downstream region, the occurrence of drought in the up-midstream region could be regarded as an early warning to implement preventive measures in the downstream region; (2) an increasing trend in socioeconomic drought throughout the basin exists on both monthly and annual scales, which indicates that the increasing possibility of drought should be effectively addressed; (3) cross wavelet analysis indicated that the large-scale climate indices contribute to the variations in the socioeconomic droughts throughout the basin, indicating that climate variability may provide a reference for managers to deal with socioeconomic drought in the HRB.
Synergetic Effect of Nano‐ZnO and Trinidad Lake Asphalt for Antiaging Properties of SBS‐Modified Asphalt
Authors: Zhan Yiqun , Xie Jun , Wu Yulin , Wang Yifan
Published: February 2020

In order to address the influence of aging on the performance degradation of SBS‐modified asphalt, a composite modification of SBS‐modified asphalt by nano‐zinc oxide (nano‐ZnO) and Trinidad Lake asphalt (TLA) was proposed. Several tests were conducted after adding nano‐ZnO and TLA to SBS‐modified asphalt, including a rotary film oven test (RTFOT), ultraviolet aging (UV), and the pressure aging vessel test (PAV). The conventional physical index, rheological index, and four‐component content of SBS‐modified asphalt before and after three aging modes were tested, and the characteristic functional groups in SBS‐modified asphalt were tracked and analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results show that the effects of aging on the rheological properties of SBS‐modified asphalt are clearly reduced by adding different proportions of nano‐ZnO and TLA in the process of thermal oxygen aging and the ultraviolet aging test, and the antiaging ability of SBS‐modified asphalt is clearly improved. To improve the conventional performance and rheological properties of SBS‐modified asphalt, an incorporation ratio of 3% nano‐ZnO + 25% TLA was proposed. At the same time, the increased rate of heavy components and the change index of the colloidal instability index in the SBS‐modified asphalt under the blending ratio were significantly lower than the blank SBS‐modified asphalt samples in the same aging mode. FTIR spectra also showed that SBS‐modified asphalt performance deterioration were mainly caused by long‐term aging and ultraviolet aging. The addition of nano‐ZnO and TLA effectively reduced the increase of carbonyl groups and the breakage of the C=C double bond in butadiene and synergistically improved the comprehensive aging resistance of SBS‐modified asphalt. Therefore, the use of this modification is an effective method to solve the aging problem of SBS‐modified asphalt.
Design of Strained Ge Schottky Diode on Si Substrate for Microwave Rectifier Circuit
Authors: Liu Wei-Feng , Wu Xue-Mei , Song Jian-Jun , Zhao Xin-Yan , Xuan Rong-Xi
Published: February 2020

In recent years, wireless energy transmission technology has developed rapidly and has received increasing attention in the industry. For microwave wireless energy transfer system applications, Ge Schottky diodes as the core components of the rectifier circuit are commonly used. Compared with Ge semiconductor, strained Ge semiconductor on Si substrate has the advantages of compatibility with Si process, low cost, and high electron mobility. It is an ideal replacement material for Ge semiconductor applications. In view of this, based on the model of the relationship between the performance of strained Ge semiconductor on Si substrate Schottky diodes and the geometric parameters of the device and the physical parameters of the material, Silvaco TCAD and ADS simulation software are jointly used to propose a novel strained Ge semiconductor on Si substrate Schottky diode for microwave rectification circuit. Simulation results show that the strained Ge semiconductor on Si substrate Schottky diode has a rectification efficiency of 70.1% when the input of the rectifier circuit is 20 dBm, the load resistance is R = 1000 Ω, and the load capacitance is C = 100 pF. Compared with traditional Ge Schottky diodes, this optimal operating point is closer to a low energy density, which is beneficial to a wide range of energy absorption. Studies have shown the feasibility of replacing Ge Schottky diodes. The research in this paper can provide valuable reference for the design and development of the core components of the rectifier circuit of the microwave infinite energy transmission system.
[Retracted] Application of Quality Control Circle in Promoting the Use of Rubber Dams in the Root Canal Treatment of Primary Teeth
Authors: Jingxian Fang , Yang Liu , Qiong Liu , Hong Qian , Hedi Liu , Jinglan Zhang , Fang Liu , Jing Yang , Xiaoming Wu , Yingying Song
Published: February 2020

Objective. Study the effect of quality control circle (QCC) in promoting the usage of rubber dams (RD) in root canal treatment of chronic pulpitis in primary teeth. Methods. Set up a quality control group to increase the amount of rubber dams used in the treatment of chronic pulpitis in primary teeth. Monthly monitoring results of the usage amount were counted by the outpatient computer system. Relevant data were collected through questionnaires, and causes of low utilization were analyzed, and the improvement measurements were formulated and implemented. Quality control circle activity was evaluated. Results. Through the quality control circle activity, the consumption of rubber dams in the root canal treatment of chronic pulpitis was significantly improved, children in treatment became more cooperative, and operation time of root canal treatment has also been shortened. Conclusion. The quality control circle activities played a significant role in promoting the use of rubber dams in the root canal treatment of primary teeth, and it can be used as a method to promote new clinical treatment programs.
Cherenkov Emission Generated by a Modulated Source in 2D Dispersive Photonic Crystal Slabs
Authors: Martínez-Sánchez Erika , Burlak Gennadiy , Rodríguez-Garcia Carlos , Gallardo-Heredia Marisol , Avila-López Ulises
Published: February 2020

This work presents a systematic numerical study of Cherenkov optical radiation generated by a modulated source that moves with uniform velocity on a two‐dimensional (2D) photonic crystal (PCr) slab surface. We apply the FDTD technique with emphasis on the dispersion properties of the periodic medium to perform our numerical analysis. The field oscillations generated at the passage of a modulated source in the PCr produce a series of spectral resonances corresponding to the eigenmodes in the spatial frequency domain for the photonic slab. The amplitudes of the field oscillations have maximal values in the group cone closely to the path of the moving charge.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Uncommon Metastasis in the Orbit
Authors: Protopapa Maria-Nikoletta , Lagadinou Maria , Papagiannis Theodoros , Gogos Charalambos A. , Solomou Elena E.
Published: February 2020

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents the most common type of primary cancer of the liver and is associated with poor prognosis. It is the most common cause of death in cirrhotic patients and in different studies was shown as the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Each year, approximately half a million people are diagnosed with HCC. In recent decades, the prognosis of patients with HCC has improved because more cases are diagnosed and treated at early stages; high-risk patients (i.e., with chronic HBV or HCV infection) are followed more often for the possibility of HCC, and novel treatment options such as locoregional therapy are used with better overall results. The extrahepatic metastases represent a poor prognostic factor. The most common sites of metastasis in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma are the lung (44%), portal vein (35%), and portal lymph nodes (27%). Also, intra-abdominal lymph nodes and bones are common sites. Orbital metastases rarely occur, representing the 3-7% of orbital masses. These metastases are usually found in advanced tumor stages. The mechanism of metastasis to the orbit is difficult to determine. A hematogenous route, as for other primary neoplasms of the abdomen, may be suspected. Tumor cells may circulate through the vena cava, beyond the pulmonary filter to the heart, and finally be distributed to the orbital region through the arterial systemic circulation. We describe herein a case of an adult male with liver cirrhosis due to alcohol abuse who presented with concomitant diagnosis of HCC and orbit metastasis.
Unusual Case of a Missing Vibrator Device in the Pelvis
Authors: Marchand Greg J. , Sainz Katelyn M. , Azadi Ali , King Alexa , Anderson Sienna , Ruther Stacy , Brazil Giovanna , Rials Lisa , Ware Kelly , Osborn Asya , Hopewell Sophia
Published: February 2020

Emergency room admissions and surgery secondary to the malfunctioning of devices intended for sexual stimulation are extremely common. Emergency room staff in the United States are commonly skilled in the detection and removal of some of these frequent occurrences. Occasionally, surgical intervention can be warranted if the device enters a cavity that cannot safely be explored in the emergency room setting. We report a case of a vibrator which was lost during sexual activity and appeared on flat plate X-ray to be in the abdominal cavity. A careful history showed that the device was of an unusually narrow diameter, and surgical intervention showed the device ultimately ended up in the bladder without traumatic injury. Following laparoscopic confirmation of the device’s location in the bladder, cystoscopic removal was performed and the patient recovered uneventfully.
A First Case Report of DiGeorge Syndrome from Ethiopia Highlights Challenges in Identifying and Treating Children with Primary T-Cell Deficiencies in Low Resource Settings
Authors: Alemayehu Tinsae , Deribessa Solomie Jebessa
Published: February 2020

Background. Cellular primary immunodeficiencies are rarely reported from Africa. DiGeorge syndrome is a commonly recognized form of a congenital T-cell deficiency. The disorder is characterized by hypoplastic or aplastic thymus, hypocalcemia, recurrent infections, and other associated congenital defects. Case Report. We report an eleven-month-old infant presenting with recurrent chest and diarrheal infections, failure to thrive, lymphopenia, hypocalcemia, and hypoplastic thymus on imaging. A diagnosis of DiGeorge syndrome was confirmed after determining very low CD3 and CD4 levels. Conclusions. We describe the first case report of an Ethiopian child with a congenital T-cell immunodeficiency. We have outlined essentials for diagnosis and management of cellular primary immunodeficiency disorders in low resource settings.
Prognostic Values of Baseline 18F‐FDG PET/CT in Patients with Peripheral T‐Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Zhou Yeye , Zhang Xiaoyi , Qin Haifeng , Zhao Zixuan , Li Jihui , Zhang Bin , Sang Shibiao , Wu Yiwei , Deng Shengming
Published: February 2020

Purpose. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether the metabolic parameters on baseline 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F‐FDG PET/CT) could be used to predict prognosis in peripheral T‐cell lymphomas (PTCL). Methods. A total of 51 nodal PTCL patients who underwent baseline 18F‐FDG PET/CT were retrospectively evaluated in the present study. Total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) were also assessed. Besides, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network International Prognostic Index (NCCN‐IPI) was also included. Log‐rank test and Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results. The median follow‐up was 18 months. Patients with low TLG, TMTV, and SUVmax levels had a significantly better clinical outcome than those with high TLG, TMTV, and SUVmax levels. The 2‐year PFS rates of the high‐ and low‐TMTV groups were 34.62% and 80%, respectively (p < 0.001), whereas the corresponding 2‐year OS rates were 46.15% and 84.00%, respectively (p < 0.001). The 2‐year PFS rates of the high‐ and low‐TLG groups were 29.63% and 87.50%, respectively (p < 0.001), whereas the corresponding 2‐year OS rates were 40.74% and 91.67%, respectively (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, TLG and TMTV were independent prognostic factors of both PFS (HR 11.562, 95% CI 3.218‐41.542, p < 0.001 and HR 7.061, 95% CI 2.464‐20.229, p < 0.001, respectively) and OS (HR 11.609, 95% CI 2.595‐51.930, p = 0.001 and HR 5.026, 95% CI 1.538‐16.421, p = 0.008, respectively). Moreover, SUVmax and NCCN‐IPI scores were also independent predictors of OS (HR 3.161, 95% CI 1.197‐8.346, p = 0.020 and HR 3.112, 95% CI 1.109‐8.732, p = 0.031, in TMTV multivariate models). Combination of TMTV and NCCN‐IPI scores stratified the patients into three risk groups for PFS (p = 0.002) and OS (p < 0.001) as follows: high‐risk group with TMTV > 62.405 cm3 and NCCN‐IPI score of 4‐8 (2‐year PFS and OS were both 20%, n = 10), intermediate‐risk group with TMTV > 62.405 or NCCN‐IPI score of 4‐8 (2‐year PFS and OS were 52.4% and 66.7%, respectively, n = 21), and low‐risk group with TMTV ≤ 62.405 cm3 and NCCN‐IPI score of 0‐3 (2‐year PFS and OS were 80% and 85%, respectively, n = 20). Conclusions. Baseline TMTV and TLG were independent predictors of PFS and OS in PTCL patients, and SUVmax and NCCN‐IPI scores were also independent predictors of OS. Moreover, the combination of TMTV and NCCN‐IPI scores improved patient risk‐stratification at the initial stage and might contribute to the adjustment of the therapeutic regime. This trial is registered with ChiCTR1900025526.
Igualdad de oportunidades y privilegios: definitivamente nos falta más mercado
Authors: Agostini Claudio
Published: February 2020

En la ciencia económica hay un gran consenso respecto a que la libre competencia es motor de crecimiento económico y permite una asignación eficiente de los recursos en la economía. Por eso, a la mayoría de los economistas no nos gustan los monopolios y nos gusta el libre mercado. Hay también economistas y no economistas, quienes creen lo contrario y consideran que una economía de mercado genera sólo desigualdad, pobreza y riqueza para unos pocos, razón por la que se necesitan más protecciones y regulaciones que nos protejan del mercado. Continuar leyendo...
La creatividad semántica y el intervencionismo de la Reforma de la Educación Superior
Authors: Giolito Eugenio
Published: February 2020

Cuando todo parece indicar que en las próximas semanas el Gobierno finalmente ingresará al Congreso el postergado proyecto de reforma a la Educación Superior y, dado a la escasa publicidad que desde el Mineduc se le ha dado a los contenidos del proyecto, en estas páginas trataremos de analizar cuáles serán los lineamientos básicos en base a lo que se ha podido filtrar en la prensa. Continuar leyendo...
Compras públicas
Authors: Butelamn Andrea
Published: February 2020

Las mejoras necesarias en el sistema de licitaciones públicas deberían ser un tema mucho más presente en la discusión de políticas públicas ya que estas abarcan numerosas áreas del quehacer estatal. Por ejemplo, se utilizan, de una u otra forma, para la asignación de bienes nacionales de uso público (ej., espectro radioeléctrico, uso del espacio aéreo o derechos de vuelo, uso del borde costero para la construcción de puertos), la asignación de subsidios para dar servicios no provistos por el mercado (ej., Fondo Nacional de las Telecomunicaciones, Plan de Conectividad Austral), asignación de licencias (ej., plantas de revisión técnica) y, por último, las compras del Estado para su propio funcionamiento. Sobre los aspectos específicos de este último tema tratará este artículo. Continuar leyendo...
Crecimiento económico
Authors: González M. Pablo
Published: February 2020

Desde la crisis asiática de 1998, el Gobierno chileno sistemáticamente ha tenido dentro de sus prioridades el desarrollo de una agenda pro-crecimiento, apuntando a generar las condiciones para que pueda situarse entre los países desarrollados. Bajo distintos nombres, han impulsado agendas con paquetes de medidas que se focalizan en: promoción de exportaciones; levantamiento de restricciones al crédito y al inicio de actividades productivas, y al de sarrollo de infraestructura física, principalmente en obras públicas. Continuar leyendo...
Presupuesto 2017 y riesgo país
Authors: González Pablo
Published: February 2020

La discusión por el aumento del gasto que tendrá el presupuesto público para el año 2017 ya está zanjada y, a grandes rasgos, ha dejado conforme a la mayoría de los actores del ambiente político y del económico-financiero. Los miedos respecto a una presión excesiva por el aumento del gasto del sector público que pudiese afectar a la inversión y la percepción del resto del mundo respecto a las cuentas fiscales chilenas parecen haber desaparecido. Los temores respecto a una suba del riesgo país también. Y esto es lo que preocupa. No por las razones que muchos de los analistas expusieron en los días previos al anuncio del Ministro de Hacienda sobre las previsiones para el próximo año, sino porque parece que existe una visión errónea respecto a los problemas que tiene la economía chilena a largo plazo. Continuar leyendo...
¿Quién decide?,
Authors: García Carlos J.
Published: February 2020

Uno de los pilares económicos del modelo chileno es la supuesta independencia de su Banco Central. Con su edificio en forma de caja fuerte, el Banco Central asegura a los chilenos que la política monetaria será autónoma a las presiones políticas y que implementará las políticas necesarias para mantener acotadas las presiones inflacionarias. Sin embargo, esta autonomía estaría en entre dicho por un fenómeno global que está marcando el desarrollo económico y financiero de muchos países después de la crisis internacional en 2008: Estados Unidos implementó una política monetaria agresiva (QE) que cuadriplicó la oferta de dólares en el mundo, es decir, pasó de 1 trillón a 4,5 trillones. En otras palabras, la liquidez internacional, de la cual también dependen los bancos chilenos, es en un 60% es controlada sin contrapeso por la FED, el Banco Central de ese país. En este contexto, ¿puede un banco de una pequeña economía emergente controlar la liquidez en el sistema bancarios nacional y lograr sus objetivos en términos de inflación?. Continuar leyendo...
Desigualdad en Chile
Authors: Perticara Marcela , Tejada Mauricio
Published: February 2020

Cada vez que la Encuesta de Caracterización Socioeconómica (Encuesta CASEN) entrega sus resultados, se reabre el debate sobre los niveles y cambios en la pobreza y desigualdad del ingreso en Chile. Existe siempre mucha expectativa por definir si ha habido una caída (o no) en estos indicadores, tanto que en algunas ocasiones, el debate público frente a estos resultados se ha tornado ácido con culpas que van desde un sector político a otro. Inclusive, durante la administración pasada, aparecieron acusaciones de manipulación de estadísticas debido a que se había cambiado la metodología de ajuste de los ingresos.
Aumento de 5% en la cotización previsional y su impacto en las pensiones
Authors: López Fernando
Published: February 2020

Una de las principales medidas propuestas por el Gobierno para mejorar las pensiones es aumentar gradualmente la tasa de cotización previsional en cinco puntos porcentuales, con cargo exclusivo al empleador. Esta iniciativa ha sido objeto de un amplio debate en relación al destino de los fondos, la gradualidad de implementación, su impacto en el mercado laboral y, recientemente, respecto a su posible impacto en las pensiones. En este artículo se analizará este último punto, enfatizando los principales factores que determinarán el impacto de la mayor tasa de cotización previsional en trabajadores y pensionados. Continuar leyendo...
Reforma de la Educación Superior: La Aristocracia de las Instituciones
Authors: Giolito Eugenio
Published: February 2020

Finalmente, en las últimas semanas se aprobó la intención de legislar la reforma de la Educación Superior, luego que el Ejecutivo se viera obligado a introducir indicaciones sustitutivas al proyecto original después de un sinnúmero de críticas recibidas de diversos sectores. Continuar leyendo...
Rentabilidad de los fondos de pensiones
Authors: López Fernando
Published: February 2020

A 36 años de la creación del sistema de pensiones en Chile, la rentabilidad promedio del Fondo C ha superado el 8% real anual. Un retorno elevado al compararlo con el 4% proyectado en sus inicios. Entre los distintos factores que explicarían estas rentabilidades se encuentran: el rendimiento de los instrumentos del mercado financiero, la evolución del marco regulatorio de las inversiones y la habilidad de las AFP para seleccionar activos y anticipar las tendencias del mercado financiero. Sin embargo, no hay estudios de “desempeño” recientes que nos permitan evaluar la relevancia de estos factores ni demostrar la posibilidad de lograr rentabilidades aún mayores a las observadas (con el mismo nivel de riesgo). Continuar leyendo...
¿Dónde está el Banco Central?
Authors: García Carlos
Published: February 2020

Comenzaré este artículo relatando tres hechos importantes: primero, que países modelos como Australia y Nueva Zelanda tienen una tasa de 1,5% y de 1,75% respectivamente. Segundo, en nuestro país, la tasa de crecimiento de la inversión viene cayendo desde el tercer trimestre del 2016. Y por último, llevamos varios años con déficit fiscal, y el 2017 no será una excepción. Continuar leyendo...
Dominga y las lecciones en evaluación de grandes proyectos
Authors: Dardati Evangelina
Published: February 2020

El rechazo al proyecto Dominga por parte del Comité de Ministros puso en la mesa varios problemas relacionados con la institucionalidad de evaluación de inversiones que potencialmente pueden tener un impacto grande en el medio ambiente. Dominga es un proyecto integrado por una mina y un puerto de alrededorde USD 2.500 en la región de Coquimbo. El proyecto contempla la producción anual de 12 millones de tonelada de concentrado de hierro y 15.000 toneladas de concentrado de cobre. Continuar leyendo...
Educación para el trabajo: ¿tenemos un sistema?
Authors: Butelmann Andrea
Published: February 2020

La Comisión Nacional de Productividad (CNP), de cuyo consejo soy parte, ha sido mandatada a hacer recomendaciones con el fin de mejorar la formación para el trabajo. Este tema siempre ha sido importante pero se ha postergado por décadas y ahora, ante los constantes cambios tecnológicos, nos encontramos con unarealidad desesperanzadora. Continuar leyendo...
Las garantías explícitas de salud: Un gran negocio para las Isapres
Authors: De Elejalde Ramiro
Published: February 2020

La ley 19.966 (2004) introdujo el programa de Garantías Explícitas de Salud (más conocido como GES o AUGE) cuyo objetivo es garantizar el acceso, oportunidad, calidad y protección financiera a los afiliados de Fonasa y de las Isapres frente a un grupo de enfermedades como diabetes, hipertensión arterial, depresión,cáncer de mama, etc. Para una persona que sufre alguna de estas enfermedades, el programa GES le asegura un copago establecido por ley para las prestaciones asociadas a dicha enfermedad y un tope al gasto de bolsillo por año. Continuar leyendo...
Franquicia tributaria
Authors: Butelmann Andrea
Published: February 2020

Hace décadas que está bajo sospecha la contribución económica que hace la franquicia tributaria que pueden utilizar las empresas para capacitar a sus trabajadores. Esta duda es respecto al aporte a ella o a la productividad de las empresas. La importancia de esta pregunta tampoco es menor desde el punto de vista fiscal, considerando que el Estado deja de recaudar anualmente más de 200 millones de dólares por este programa. ¿Se podrá invertir mejor estos recursos?. Continuar leyendo...
Ajuste Plurianual de Salarios
Authors: Navarro Lucas , Ponce Carlos J.
Published: February 2020

El gobierno se ha manifestado a favor del modelo plurianual, con la intención de dejar determinado los ajustes del salario mínimo para los próximos 3 o 4 años. La naturaleza de esta clase de acuerdos nos lleva a discutir dos asuntos económicos cruciales para el éxito o el fracaso de este tipo de propuestas. El objetivo de una política de ingreso mínimo es asegurar un salario que permita cubrir las necesidades básicas de los trabajadores y sus familias. Continuar leyendo...
Espectro radioeléctrico y el mercado de la telefonía móvil
Authors: Butelmann Andrea
Published: February 2020

En los últimos meses hemos visto en la prensa conflictos entre empresas de telefonía móvil y autoridades por la distribución del espectro radioeléctrico. En efecto, por un lado, la Corte Suprema dictaminó que existía un “spectrum cap” de 60 MHz y que Claro, Movistar y Entel habrían traspasado ese límite al adquirir por concurso espectro en la banda de 700 MHz y, por tanto, tenían que devolver parte de su espectro. Continuar leyendo...
Informalidad laboral en Chile
Authors: Tejada Mauricio M.
Published: February 2020

La informalidad laboral es un fenómeno común, particularmente en economías en desarrollo. La Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT) estima que más de dos billones de personas están empleadas de informalmente, cifra que representa el 61.2% del empleo total. Continuar leyendo...
Educación Parvularia
Authors: Bordón Paola , Giolito Eugenio
Published: February 2020

Existe la intención del Gobierno de enviar al Congreso un proyecto que otorgaría subvención a la educación inicial en su nivel medio menor (2 a 3 años), el que -según las autoridades- favorecería a 500 mil niños. Generalmente, la discusión se centra en cómo se financiará la cobertura de este tipo de medidas. Sin embargo, en este artículo nos enfocaremos en algunos problemas subyacentes que, a nuestro juicio, son independientes a la discusión acerca de la forma de financiación y que deberían considerarse en el debate. Continuar leyendo...
De emigrantes a inmigrantes
Authors: Sanfuentes Andrés
Published: February 2020

La positiva experiencia con alemanes en el sur, promovida por iniciativa gubernamental, no fue seguida por la instalación de colonos en la Araucanía, tales como germanos, suizos, franceses, italianos, españoles, rusos y judíos, a causa del desinterés de la capital, a diferencia de la masividad inmigratoria de los paísesdel Atlántico sur y México, que siguieron políticas explícitas de atracción. Continuar leyendo...
El nudo entre pensiones y mercado laboral
Authors: González Pablo
Published: February 2020

Desde hace muchos años Chile está pensando en cómo reformar el sistema de pensiones de tal manera de mejorar el nivel y cobertura de éstas. Esta discusión está presente en todo el mundo, especialmente teniendo en cuenta la transformación demográfica por mayor esperanza de vida y núcleos familiares más pequeños. Vivimos más y hay que financiar esos años que hemos ganado. Continuar leyendo...
Altas tasas de Cesáreas en Clínicas Privadas
Authors: De Elejalde Ramiro , Giolito Eugenio
Published: February 2020

¿Hace alguna diferencia para el recién nacido y la madre que el parto sea por cesárea en lugar de natural? La evidencia disponible es concluyente: las cesáreas que no están indicadas médicamente tienen consecuencias negativas para ambos. Por ejemplo, para el recién nacido es mayor el riesgo de problemas respiratorios (Card et al. (2018)), y para la madre es mayor la probabilidad de infecciones post-parto (Villar et al., 2007) y hay un mayor riesgo de complicaciones en embarazos futuros (Ananth et al., 1997). Continuar leyendo...
Proyecto de reforma laboral
Authors: Abarzúa Eduardo , Ljubetic Yerko
Published: February 2020

Una propuesta de reforma que tenga de verdad el objetivo de abrir condiciones para una mejor conciliación entre el trabajo y el resto de las dimensiones de la vida de las personas debiera contemplar una rebaja razonable de la actual jornada de trabajo. Continuar leyendo...
La compleja tarea de identificar quién es pobre
Authors: Perticara Marcela , Sanhueza Claudia
Published: February 2020

El lugar común dice que en Chile la pobreza ha disminuido. Pero ¿cómo lo sabemos? No es fácil comparar las estadísticas de pobreza en el tiempo: es probable que, debido a ciertas definiciones metodológicas que se hacen para medir la pobreza en Chile, no sepamos hoy realmente cuántas personas deben ser las beneficiarias de políticas públicas. Sin embargo, aún es tiempo de reaccionar. Continuar leyendo...
Política Fiscal y Presuuesto 2020
Authors: García Carlos
Published: February 2020

Para poder explicar bien este tema, es necesario contar una larga historia en la que sólo al final se puede comprender a cabalidad el resultado, debido a lo anterior para mis lectores más ansiosos anticiparé la conclusión de esta historia. El resto de los lectores puede continuar leyendo desde el segundo párrafo lo que les permitirá conocer en mayor profundidad los detalles. Continuar leyendo...
El rol de la sociedad civil en perspectiva
Authors: Perticará Marcela , Prado Felipe , Mandiola Marcela , Canales Santiago
Published: February 2020

Muchos se podrán cuestionar por qué la desigualdad es per se un problema. Ella es vista como un problema, que puede poner en peligro el desarrollo económico y social de los países, desde distintas perspectivas. Continuar leyendo...
Las (In) Flexibilidades del Mercado Laboral chileno
Authors: Perticara Marcela , Rodriguez Grossi Jorge
Published: February 2020

Desde hace ya varios años, con cierta periodicidad (y para ser más precisos, cerca de las elecciones) se pone en el tapete la necesidad de reformar algunas instituciones laborales, en aras de “flexibilizar” la economía y aumentar el nivel de empleo. Como imagen la “flexibilidad” se asocia a mayor precariedad, más beneficios para los empresarios y menores salarios para los trabajadores. Salvo por la ley de subcontratación, poco se ha discutido en el Congreso acerca de los beneficios y/o problemas asociados a algunas instituciones del mercado laboral chileno (indemnizaciones, modalidades de contratación, salarios mínimos, regímenes especiales). Continuar leyendo...
¿Cuánto vale un peso chileno en el mundo?
Authors: Foxley Juan
Published: February 2020

El TC (tipo de cambio) es un precio clave. Según su valor en pesos chilenos, será objeto de queja o de silencio por exportadores y sustituidores de importaciones. Continuar leyendo...
Placebos peligrosos
Authors: Foxley Juan
Published: February 2020

Como en los desastres mal anticipados, las crisis financieras salen a buscar culpables. La lista es conocida: reguladores mal incentivados, bancos centrales laxos, economistas y clasificadores de riesgo sobrevendidos y banqueros sobre-pagados. Algunos, como Will Hutton, el ex editor del diario inglés The Observer, agregan a los periodistas. Continuar leyendo...