bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Flux and Magnetic Nonpotentiality of Active Regions in Eruptive and Confined Solar Flares
Authors: Li Ting , Chen Anqin , Hou Yijun , Veronig Astrid M. , Yang Shuhong , Zhang Jun
Published: August 2021

With the aim of understanding how the magnetic properties of active regions (ARs) control the eruptive character of solar flares, we analyze 719 flares of Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) class ≥C5.0 during 2010–2019. We carry out the first statistical study that investigates the flare-coronal mass ejection (CME) association rate as a function of the flare intensity and the AR characteristics that produce the flare, in terms of its total unsigned magnetic flux (ΦAR). Our results show that the slope of the flare–CME association rate with flare intensity reveals a steep monotonic decrease with ΦAR. This means that flares of the same GOES class but originating from an AR of larger ΦAR, are much more likely to be confined. Based on an AR flux as high as 1.0 × 1024 Mx for solar-type stars, we estimate that the CME association rate in X100-class “superflares” is no more than 50%. For a sample of 132 flares ≥M2.0 class, we measure three nonpotential parameters including the length of steep gradient polarity-inversion line (L
SGPIL), the total photospheric free magnetic energy (E
free), and the area with large shear angle (A
Ψ). We find that confined flares tend to have larger values of L
SGPIL, E
free, and A
Ψ compared to eruptive flares. Each nonpotential parameter shows a moderate positive correlation with ΦAR. Our results imply that ΦAR is a decisive quantity describing the eruptive character of a flare, as it provides a global parameter relating to the strength of the background field confinement.
Pre-merger Localization of Compact-binary Mergers with Third-generation Observatories
Authors: Nitz Alexander H. , Dal Canton Tito
Published: August 2021

We present the prospects for the pre-merger detection and localization of binary neutron star mergers with third-generation gravitational-wave (GW) observatories. We consider a wide variety of GW networks that may be operating in the 2030s and beyond; these networks include up to two Cosmic Explorer (CE) sites, the Einstein Telescope (ET), and continued observation with the existing second-generation ground-based detectors. For a fiducial local merger rate of 300 Gpc−3 yr−1, we find that the ET on its own is able to detect six and two sources per year at 5 and 30 minutes before merger, respectively, while providing a localization of <10 deg2. A single CE would detect but be unable to localize sources on its own. A two-detector CE network, however, would detect 22 and 0.4 mergers per year using the same criteria. A full three-detector network with the operation of dual CEs and the ET would allow for <1 deg2 source localization at 5 minutes before merger for ∼seven sources per year. Given the dramatic increase in localization and detection capabilities, third-generation observatories will enable the regular observation of the prompt emission of mergers by a broad array of observatories including gamma-ray, X-ray, and optical telescopes. Moreover, sub-degree localizations minutes before merger, combined with narrow-field-of-view high-energy telescopes, could strongly constrain the high-energy pre-merger emission models proposed in the last decade.
Experimental Study Comparing Structural Changes Induced by Biologic Versus Synthetic Mesh Implants in Nephropexy
Authors: Nurkassiyevna Abatova Aigerim , Maskhapovna Tussupbekova Maida , Tulepbergenovich Abatov Nurkassi , Muratovich Badyrov Ruslan , Konstantinovich Kamyshanskiy Yevgeniy
Published: August 2021

Background: The study suggests that the use of the extracellular bovine-derived peritoneum matrix as a new biological implant opens up new prospects for nephropexy.
Materials and Methods: Experimental nephropexy was performed in 64 white shorthaired adult rats, divided for 2 groups: extracellular bovine-derived peritoneum matrix, UltraPro mesh. Implants were 1,5*1,5cm per one animal. Observation periods were 7, 21, 30 and 180 days. The tissue was stain with H&E, Van Gieson’s with pikro-fuchin. Cellular infiltrate was evaluated by counting granulocytes, mononuclear cells, and foreign-body giant cells on five high-magnification images for each stained section (×400).
Results: The use of the extracellular bovine-derived peritoneum matrix induced less intense and less prolonged chronic inflammatory response, as well as intense production of new collagen fibers more similar to the native connective tissue in terms of their histologic structure. The UltraPro mesh induced moderately persistent chronic inflammatory response throughout the 6- month study period.
Conclusion: Histologic evaluation demonstrates high biocompatibility of both the extracellular bovine-derived peritoneum matrix, and the UltraPro mesh implants.The results of using  new biological material are not worse than synthetic mesh. The data obtained justify further research of the extracellular bovine-derived peritoneum matrix as a plastic material for nephropexy.
Sexual Harassment in the Military: Implications for Civilian Nursing Policy
Authors: Colmore Natasha , Culver Rhonita , Lee Wendy , Kidd April
Published: August 2021

Sexual harassment in the nursing community creates an intimidating, hostile, degrading, and humiliating work environment. It is possible that civilian nursing leaders can learn from the best practices demonstrated in established policies for sexual harassment in the military environment. This article offers an overview of U.S. military, and specifically Department of Defense goals, policies, procedures, and protocols related to sexual harassment, and also considers such harassment in the civilian sector. In addition, the authors compare policy differences between military and Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Finally, discussion addresses the #MeToo and #EndNurseAbuse campaigns, followed by suggestions for what nurses need to know and do, recommended best practices from the military, and important areas for future research.
Fiction Versus Reality: Nursing Image as Portrayed by Nursing Career Novels
Authors: Anthony Maureen , Turner Jill , Novell Megan
Published: August 2021

Nursing career novels, published in the 1930s and extending through the 1960s provided girls with nurse role models and encouraged young women to choose nursing as a career. In view of their popularity, we wondered how these books depicted nurses and the profession of nursing. We examined 18 nurse career novels by different authors published between 1932 and 1970 to determine how nurses and nursing were portrayed at various times. A literature review suggested a guiding framework, with four themes related to motivation to become a nurse; image of nursing; stereotypes; and nurse/physician relationships. This article discusses our endeavor by reviewing the study purpose and methods, and we discuss the results in the framework of the four themes. Our discussion notes that many of these novels described examples of nurses contributing in times of great social uncertainty, such as during wars. They contained characters who were independent thinkers and successful nurses, caring for patients and saving lives. We conclude that the novels could have easily inspired young women of the time to choose nursing as a profession, and discuss the challenge to motivate men and women of today who seek purposeful, intellectually fulfilling work in a changing, uncertain world.
The Nursing Licensure Compact and Its Disciplinary Provisions: What Nurses Should Know
Authors: Oyeleye Omobola
Published: August 2021

This article examines the provisions of the Nursing Licensure Compact (NLC). Key provisions of this compact are reviewed with examples of how it has impacted individual nurses. The article begins by presenting the history of the NLC, followed by discussion about the effective and implementation dates and a review of key provisions of the enhanced Nurse Licensure Compact. Specific examples of disciplinary actions and implications for nurses, employers, and educators are presented. The author concludes that most nurses provide competent care, and that outside of this compact, the few who violate laws and regulations are usually disciplined by their individual state board of nursing. Under the compact, however, those violations are addressed in all jurisdictions in which the nurse holds a nursing license or a privilege to practice, thereby ensuring public safety and preventing errant nurses from moving undetected from state to state.
A New Approach to Preparing Nurses for War: The Army School of Nursing
Authors: Milbrath Gwyneth
Published: August 2021

War and human conflict have historically propelled the profession of nursing forward, due to the intense demand for large numbers of efficient, high-quality nurses to care for injured troops. This article begins with an overview of nursing in the United States Army and Navy Nurse Corps and the influences of war on the advancement of American nursing, with a specific focus on the Army School of Nursing. As a response to the need for nurses in World War I, the Army School of Nursing was a novel approach to educating new nurses to be quickly mobilized in wartime and to provide nursing care at base hospitals across the United States. Students provided care to thousands of troops during the influenza pandemic of 1918, and several lost their lives providing care at these military encampments, including Fort Riley, the suspected starting point of the influenza epidemic in the United States.
Learning about Rurality: From Classroom to Community
Authors: Mielke Ruth , Robertson Sue , Olphen Fehr Juliana
Published: August 2021

Ensuring that advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) students have optimal health promotion/disease prevention skills is critical as increasing numbers train and later work in rural and underserved areas. APRN students are more likely to have clinical training in rural areas in response to workforce initiatives designed to create a pipeline from nursing school to practice in rural and underserved communities. Therefore, they need both didactic and experiential learning to truly understand the social determinants of health in a community. We begin with a brief discussion about how APRNs meet needs in both rural America and women’s health. The article continues with an exemplar that considers how to prepare women’s health APRNs for a population in rural California. With the support of a rural consultant, a unique community assessment tool Mind Your Own Business was used by students to explore a new rural clinical placement area in southern California. We present the community assessment assignment and tool, analysis of student reflections; and subsequently identified community needs and offer future implications for education and practice. Nurse educators are encouraged to both enhance curriculum with activities to prepare students to work with rural populations, and expand clinical placements in these areas.
La presse des prisonniers de guerre français pendant la Première Guerre mondiale : expérience de l’international, interculturalité et idées d’Europe
Authors: von Treskow Isabella
Published: August 2021

Cet article examine l’attention accordée aux cultures étrangères, en particulier celles des pays alliés, dans la presse des camps créée par des prisonniers français détenus en Allemagne pendant la guerre 1914 à 1918. La captivité est en effet de temps à autre propice à une ouverture culturelle dont les journaux sont à la fois le reflet et l’agent, témoignant d’une interculturalité mise en œuvre. Au croisement des sciences de la communication, de l’analyse de style et de la recherche historique, cette étude montre comment la presse des camps, parfois très loin de se limiter à la revendication d’un nationalisme étriqué, devient elle-même un espace de rencontres transnationales et d’influences réciproques : s’y esquisse par moments l’idée d’une Europe perçue comme une entité commune, faite d’atrocités, mais aussi de valeurs positives.
Draps européens et Empire ottoman au XVIII e siècle. Apports de l’histoire industrielle et des techniques à l’explication globale d’une mutation
Authors: Minovez Jean-Michel
Published: August 2021

Au xviii e  siècle, la France est le principal partenaire commercial de l’Empire ottoman. Pour compenser l’importation de marchandises levantines, le royaume a développé une production destinée à l’exportation : les draps fins de Languedoc. Dans les années 1780, leur marché s’effondre après plusieurs décennies de difficultés. À qui et à quoi en attribuer les responsabilités : aux fabricants peu soucieux de maintenir une production de qualité, aux négociants marseillais qui en assurent le commerce mais leur préfèrent la spéculation sur les monnaies, aux difficultés de l’Empire ottoman (fragilisé par les guerres, l’anarchie interne, les épidémies), à la perte d’influence diplomatique de la France, à la concurrence de productions d’autres draps européens ? L’article se propose de reprendre ces questions, abordées au sein d’une approche globale, en y intégrant les aspects économiques et techniques de la fabrication et du commerce. Dépassant l’approche normative par l’étude fine des différents stades concrets de la fabrication, y ajoutant l’étude comparative des coûts de production et des prix de vente réels, l’article se propose de démontrer en quoi les draps des États allemands et autrichiens, ainsi que les draperies anglaises, se sont constitués en de redoutables concurrents commerciaux des draps fins français sur les principaux marchés du Levant, au point de s’y substituer progressivement et d’en représenter la cause principale de ruine de la fabrication et du commerce français au Levant.
Petites et grandes élites au sortir des guerres de l’Empire
Authors: Petiteau Natalie
Published: August 2021

Le concept de sortie de guerre n’a guère été utilisé à propos des guerres de l’Empire. Il est pourtant particulièrement opérationnel pour les années postérieures à 1815 tant la France et l’Europe ont été durablement marquées par les effets de 15 années de conflits, et même 25 si l’on y ajoute le temps des guerres de la Révolution. En prenant pour angle d’observation le monde des élites, petites ou grandes, on mesure combien les traumatismes physiques et psychiques ont empêché que la guerre se termine du jour au lendemain. Socialement, le changement de régime pose la question de la préservation du rang et de la fortune dans un monde des élites déjà profondément modifié par l’Empire même. Enfin, le retour à la paix additionné d’un changement de régime pose pour ces élites la question des identités politiques affichées, assumées ou dissimulées.
A multiparameter fractional Laplace problem with semipositone nonlinearity
Authors: Dhanya R. , Tiwari Sweta
Published: August 2021

In this paper we prove the existence of at least one positive solution for nonlocal semipositone problem of the type

   \begin{document}$ (P_\lambda^\mu)\left\{ \begin{array}{rcl} (-\Delta)^s u& = & \lambda(u^{q}-1)+\mu u^r \text{ in } \Omega\\ u&>&0 \text{ in } \Omega\\ u&\equiv &0 \text{ on }{\mathbb R^N\setminus\Omega}. \end{array}\right. $\end{document}

when the positive parameters \begin{document}$ \lambda $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ \mu $\end{document} belong to certain range. Here \begin{document}$ \Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^N $\end{document} is assumed to be a bounded open set with smooth boundary, \begin{document}$ s\in (0, 1), N> 2s $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ 0<q<1<r\leq \frac{N+2s}{N- 2s}. $\end{document} First we consider \begin{document}$ (P_ \lambda^\mu) $\end{document} when \begin{document}$ \mu = 0 $\end{document} and prove that there exists \begin{document}$ \lambda_0\in(0, \infty) $\end{document} such that for all \begin{document}$ \lambda> \lambda_0 $\end{document} the problem \begin{document}$ (P_ \lambda^0) $\end{document} admits at least one positive solution. In fact we will show the existence of a continuous branch of maximal solutions of \begin{document}$ (P_\lambda^0) $\end{document} emanating from infinity. Next for each \begin{document}$ \lambda>\lambda_0 $\end{document} and for all \begin{document}$ 0<\mu<\mu_{\lambda} $\end{document} we establish the existence of at least one positive solution of \begin{document}$ (P_\lambda^\mu) $\end{document} using variational method. Also in the sub critical case, i.e., for \begin{document}$ 1<r<\frac{N+2s}{N-2s} $\end{document}, we show the existence of second positive solution via mountain pass argument.
Diagnosis and management of junctional ectopic tachycardia in children
Authors: Sasikumar Navaneetha , Kumar Raman Krishna , Balaji Seshadri
Published: August 2021

Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) is more common in its postoperative form. A thorough understanding of its etiology, pathophysiology, and management strategies is essential. Classically, postoperative JET is considered to arise from surgical trauma. Genetic susceptibility and an intrinsic morphologic/functional defect in the conduction system inherent in congenital heart diseases likely play a significant role. The devastating effects on postoperative hemodynamics warrant prompt attention. A multipronged management approach with general measures, pharmacotherapy, and pacing has decreased morbidity and mortality. Amiodarone and procainamide remain the preferred drugs, while ivabradine appears promising. Carefully planned randomized trials can go a long way in developing a systematic management protocol for postoperative JET.
A clinicoepidemiological and management profile of metastatic carcinoma gallbladder in the northeast part of Indian patients in a tertiary care center
Authors: Rathore Anvesh , Pathak Abhishek , Ranjan Subhash , Sud Rahul , Shivshankara MS , Pandaya Tejas , Arvind Prince , Singh VP , Nikhil P , Guleria Bhupesh
Published: August 2021

Introduction:

Metastatic gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a highly fatal malignancy and it is difficult to treat the advanced stage of GBC. In India, northern and northeastern states are the worst affected by this disease. We, hereby, report the clinicoepidemiological and management profile of 242 patients of metastatic carcinoma of GB.

Materials and Methods:

In this study, a total of 242 cases of metastatic GBC (detected either on the first presentation or during follow-up) were managed at the Department of Medical Oncology tertiary care oncology center in the northeast part of India from May 2018 to September 2019. On presentation, all patients were subjected to detailed history and clinical examination, followed by requisite investigations and were treated as per the existent guidelines.

Results:

One-hundred and forty-two patients were female, while 100 patients were male out of 242 patients. Female patients with metastatic GBC presented with the mean age of 54, while for males, 51.4 years. The most common presentation was pain abdomen (81.8%), while the second most common was anorexia (77.2%), followed by weight loss (62.8%) and mass per abdomen (60.7%). The most common site of metastasis recorded in our study was the liver (79.7%), followed by nonregional abdominal lymph node (69.4%) and ascites (64.4%). Out of the 242 patients, 24 patients had presented in poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (≥3) hence were deemed unfit for any oncological interventions. About 136 (56.1%) patients had presented with features of obstructive jaundice, however only 108 patients were subjected to biliary drainage procedure. After the biliary drainage procedures, only one-third (38 out of 136; 35.1%) of patients were finally able to receive chemotherapy.

Conclusion:

In India, unfortunately, many patients present very late during the course of their illness. There is a need for the development of effective chemotherapy or targeted therapy and also there is an unmet need for patients' education. There has been an increase in the incidence of this malignancy, especially in the Northeast part of India; hence, it is the need of the hour to study various epidemiological and causative factors of the disease. Furthermore, the development of therapies for the effective management of this malignancy is really required.
Evaluation of promoter hypermethylation of tumor suppressor gene BRCA1 in epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Das Jhuma , Chandra Lal , Gandhi Gauri , Amle Dnyanesh B. , Patnayak Rachana L. , Khurana Nita , Saxena Alpana
Published: August 2021

Context:

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a serious gynecological issue worldwide and its late detection is the major encumbrance in treatment procedures. Hypermethylation-mediated BRCA1 gene silencing results in failure of the repair system of damaged DNA playing an important role in ovarian carcinogenesis. BRCA1 gene hypermethylation can serve as a safe and highly specific clinical marker for EOC.

Aims:

The present study was conducted to evaluate the promoter hypermethylation of BRCA1 gene in EOC patients.

Settings and Design:

This hospital-based case–control study carried out in the tertiary care hospital in New Delhi.

Subjects and Methods: Promoter hypermethylation of BRCA1 gene was examined in 30 EOC diagnosed untreated cases confirmed by histopathological examinations and compared with 30 normal healthy controls matched for age using methylation specific-polymerase chain reaction.

Results:

We found significantly higher BRCA1 promoter hypermethylation in the serum of EOC cases as compared to controls with P < 0.0001. BRCA1 gene methylation was found to have 70% sensitivity for the diagnosis of EOC with 100% specificity. A significant difference was observed in the range of CA125 levels, B12 and Folate levels between EOC cases and controls.

Conclusions:

We conclude that BRCA1 gene is significantly hypermethylated in EOC patients and thus can prove to be a noninvasive diagnostic tool. Our results provide prefatory evidence that epithelial ovarian epigenome can be influenced by dietary nutrients.
Carboplatin in Combination with 3-Weekly Paclitaxel as First-Line Therapy in Patients with Recurrent/Metastatic Head-and-Neck Cancers
Authors: Babbar Pooja , Rudresha A H , Dasappa Lokanatha , Jacob Linu Abraham , Babu M C Suresh , Lokesh K N , Rajeev L K , Saldanha Smitha , Kakkar Vinay
Published: August 2021

Background:

Head-and-neck cancers (HNCs) collectively are the sixth most common malignancy diagnosed worldwide and treatment in recurrent/metastatic setting is challenging. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of carboplatin and paclitaxel as first-line treatment in patients with recurrent and/or metastatic (R/M HNCs).

Materials and Methods:

A total of 182 patients with recurrent and/or metastatic HNC who received carboplatin and paclitaxel combination 3 weekly as first-line therapy at medical oncology department of our tertiary care cancer institute in Bangalore between January 2018 and January 2020 were reviewed. The patients who progressed during chemotherapy were receiving oral metronomic chemotherapy or best supportive chemotherapy. The patients were followed up every 2 monthly.

Results:

At the completion of treatment, the overall response rate was 15.4%. The median progression-free survival was 4.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.9–5.6), and the median overall survival was 8.2 months (95% CI: 6.8–9.7). The main toxicities in the present study were Grade 3–4 hematologic 19.8%, mucositis 1.6%, and diarrhea 2.7%, and the rate of febrile neutropenia was 6.6%. None of the patients died of treatment-related toxicity.

Conclusion:

The combination of carboplatin with 3-weekly paclitaxel is effective in R/M HNC patients.
Conservative Management of Rhabdomyosarcoma of Uterine Cervix
Authors: Mathews Susan , Veena P S , Natarajan Nithiyaanandan
Published: August 2021

Background:

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) of the uterine cervix is a rare disease, usually affects pediatric and adolescent girls. Excellent treatment outcomes have been reported with combined modality treatment employing surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Fertility-sparing treatment options can be considered in young patients without compromising outcome.

Aim:

This study aimed to analyze the outcome of patients with cervical RMS who were managed conservatively.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and pathologic data of all patients with cervical RMS who were registered at our institution during 1995–2010. Long-term outcome data of patients who had conservative surgery were analyzed.

Results:

During this period, six patients with cervical RMS were registered. Five patients, managed conservatively, were eligible for analysis. The median age was 20 years (range: 14–21 years). Excessive vaginal discharge was the most common presenting symptom (n = 3). All patients initially had either a polypectomy (n = 4) or gross tumor resection (n = 1) followed by received chemotherapy with VAC regimen (Vincristine, Actinomycin-D and Cyclophosphamide). One patient received local radiation (HDR brachytherapy) for microscopic residual disease. All patients were disease-free at the completion of primary therapy. At a median follow-up of 10 years, four patients remain relapse-free; three, having retained fertility, had successful pregnancies and healthy children. One patient developed ovarian failure consequent to radiation treatment but remains disease free. One patient developed local recurrence, 8 years after primary treatment, and underwent salvage hysterectomy followed by second-line chemotherapy. This patient too remains disease-free, 3 years after salvage treatment.

Conclusion:

RMS of the uterine cervix is highly curable in early stages. The focus now is on improving the quality of life by reducing treatment-related morbidity and late effects. Fertility preservation approaches should be considered in young females with RMS of cervix.
Patient awareness of oral health and periodontal disease before and after comprehensive periodontal treatment
Authors: Patel Fatimah I. , Khan Khadija A. , Abdelrasoul Mohamed R. , Bahammam Maha A.
Published: August 2021

Introduction:

Periodontal disease (PD), a major health problem, reportedly affects a large percentage of the adult population with multifactorial etiology including awareness and practices from family and/or their treating physician.

Aim:

The aim of the study was to assess the patient's oral health as well as PD awareness before and after comprehensive periodontal treatment registered at the Outpatient Department of Batterjee Medical College.

Materials and Methods:

The present cohort study was conducted on 120 adult patients, selectively undergoing comprehensive clinical care by the dental students of the final 2 clinical years (D4 and D5, respectively) and interns (D6) with a self-answered questionnaire.

Results and Discussion:

Among the majority (92%, n = 113), the usage of toothbrush and toothpaste was common before treatment like the previous studies. In addition, there was an increase in the knowledge of the word dental plaque and calculus, where the majority believed calculus to be the causative factor of PD. It was noticed that there was very little difference in the knowledge being given regarding systemic association to their oral health. Postoperatively, 70% of the patients believed that they should visit the dentist annually or biannually, but a larger percentage across all groups (them) believed that dental visits are need based. Moreover, awareness increased postoperatively in patients. As a result, the majority of them acknowledged the deleterious effects of smoking.

Conclusion:

A change in the patient's attitude and behavior toward oral health is achieved in a coalition with the practitioner's professionalism, empathy, and delivery of oral hygiene advice.
18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography imaging of leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata
Authors: Khoo Alex Cheen Hoe , Lim Shyang Yee
Published: August 2021

Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata (LPD) is a rare benign condition characterized by multiple smooth muscle implants in the peritoneal cavity. The clinical presentation is usually nonspecific abdominal discomfort and nontender abdominal mass. Preoperative imaging usually points to suggests malignancy due to its unusual location, but the diagnosis can only be confirmed by histopathological examination. We share 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography images of a 43-year-old woman diagnosed with LPD and briefly discuss the clinical aspects of this disease.
Tourism and Trade Nexus in Africa: A Gravity Model Approach
Authors: Manyara Geoffrey , Naliaka Laura
Published: August 2021

The tourism industry is now an important economic sector in Africa. However, as with trade, Africa’s global share of the tourism industry is quite small, which could be attributed to a similarly low level of both intra-regional trade and tourism. Prevailing data and studies suggest that there is a relationship between tourism and trade. The aim of this study, therefore, is to examine the empirical link between tourism and exports in Africa for the period 2006 to 2015. We estimate a structural gravity model using the Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood (PPML) estimator that allows for bilateral zero trade values between trading partners, controls for heteroskedasticity and addresses the potential endogeneity. We find that a 10 percent increase in intra-African tourism boosts the continental exports by between 1.4 and 3.2 percent. These results strongly posit that boosting regional tourism could be instrumental in catalysing intra-African trade, especially within the context of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA).
TİCARİ AÇIKLIK EKONOMİK BÜYÜME ARASINDAKİ NEDENSELLİK İLİŞKİSİ: 1999-2016 DÖNEMİ TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Buket KIRCI
Published: August 2021

Ticari açıklık bir ülkeye ait ithalat ile ihracat toplamının GSYİH’ye oranı şeklinde tanımlanmakta ve ekonomik büyümeyi etkilemesi beklenmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı ticari açıklık ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki dinamik ilişkiyi 1999-2016 dönemi çeyreklik verileriyle araştırmaktır. Değişkenler arasında dinamik ilişkisinin varlığı Vektör Otoregresif Model (VAR) model ve gecikmesi arttırılmış VAR modele dayanan nedensellik testleri ile araştırılmıştır. Ekonometrik analiz sonuçları; ekonomik büyümenin ticari açıklığın Granger nedeni olduğunu belirtirken, ticari açıklıktan ekonomik büyümeye doğru bir nedensellik ilişkisi bulunamamıştır.
სტუდენტთა მიერ ციფრულ საკომუნიკაციო საშუალებათა გამოყენების ზოგადი ანალიზი კორონავირუსის გამო დისტანციური სწავლის დროს
Authors: TIKISHVILI MZIA
Published: August 2021

მზია ტიკიშვილი
ეკონომიკის მეცნიერებათა დოქტორი
ინფორმაციული მენეჯმენტი ეკონომიკასა და ბიზნესში, ივანე ჯავახიშვილის თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტი, ეკონომიკისა და ბიზნესის ფაკულტეტი, მოწვეული ლექტორი
E-mail: mzia.tikishvilii@bntu.edu.ge
http://orcid.org/0000-0002- 5240-9030
 
მოკლე აღწერა
კორონავირუსულმა პანდემიამ მოულოდნელად მკვეთრად შეცვალა ჩვენი ცხოვრების ყოველდღიური რიტმი. გლობალური მასშტაბით მოუწიათ მოსახლეობასა და ორგანიზაციებს ცხოვრების ახალ ხერხებზე მორგება და ბევრ ახალ წესთან შეგუება.
კოვიდ-19-მა ახალი გამოწვევების წინაშე დააყენა ინფორმაციული ტექნოლოგიებიც, და თუ პანდემიამ უკან დასწია ეკონომიკის და ბიზნესის ზოგიერთი დარგი, ამას ვერ ვიტყვით ინფორმაციულ ტექნოლოგიებზე. ინფორმაციული ტექნოლოგიები აქამდეც მართალია სწრაფი  ევოლუციით გამოირჩეოდნენ,  მაგრამ პანდემიის გამო ბლოკირებამ და ონ-ლაინ რეჟიმში სულ უფრო მეტი მომხმარებლებლებისა და სერვისების ჩართვამ მათი არნახულად სწრაფი ტემპით განვითარება და IT ინდუსტრიაში უამრავი შესაძლებლობის გახსნა გამოიწვია.
სტატიაში მოკლედაა დახასიათებული დისტანციური სწავლის დროს ყველაზე ხშირად გამოყენებული საკომუნიკაციო საშუალებები, და მოყვანილია კორონავირუსის გამო დისტანციურ  სწავლებაზე გადასვლისას სტუდენტთა მიერ ციფრულ საკომუნიკაციო საშუალებათა გამოყენების ზოგადი ანალიზი.
სტატიის კვლევის შედეგი გვიჩვენებს თუ როგორი დამოკიდებულება გააჩნიათ სამივე საფეხურის სტუდენტებს (ბაკალავრებს, მაგისტრებს, დოქტორანტებს) ზოგადად ონლაინ რეჟიმში სწავლებისა და მუშაობისადმი; რას მიიჩნევენ ისინი ონლაინ რეჟიმის ყველაზე დიდ  უპირატესობად და ყველაზე დიდ ნაკლოვანებად; თანამედროვე ციფრული საკომუნიკაციო საშუალებებიდან კერძოდ რომელს ანიჭებენ უპირატესობას დისტანციური სწავლისას; ზოგად ანალიზთან ერთად ჩატარებულია აგრეთვე კვლევა სქესი და სწავლის საფეხური ახდენს თუ არა გავლენას სტუდენტთა მიერ ციფრული საკომუნიკაციო საშუალების არჩევანზე. ამ მხრივ ნაშრომში დასმულია ჰიპოთეზები, რომელთა შემოწმებაც რეალიზებულია დისპერსიული ანალიზის საშუალებით.
STRENGTHENING EFFECT OF FLOODING IN 3D PRINTED POROUS SOFT ROBOTICS SCAFFOLDS
Authors: SELVİ Özgün , TOTUK Onat Halis , MISTIKOĞLU Selçuk , ARSLAN Ozan
Published: August 2021

This study aims to design and 3D print porous elements for soft robotic applications and test the stiffness changes when the cavities are filled with liquids. When an elastic element has porous scaffolds, the stiffness can be controlled by filling the cavities with a liquid. A gyroid structure is selected for the design and evaluation of the characteristics of elements. The stiffness of the element in both non-filled and liquid-filled modes is analyzed using FEM simulation Software in two modes where simple support with central loading and compressive uniform loading. A porous test structure is created and tested in these modes for observation of the stiffness change. Employing an FDM printer in this project enabled us to make our thoughts to reality. The results show that liquid-filling can be used as a stiffening method for porous scaffolds in soft robotic applications.
COMPARISON OF SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE BASED INTRUSION PREVENTION SYSTEMS
Authors: YARDIMCI Cagrı , ERSOY Mevlüt
Published: August 2021

In this study, attacks in three different scenarios were organized by Nmap and Hping3 tools on the virtual Kali server to physical servers running two software-based, open source Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS-A and IPS-B) and one hardware-based, closed-source Intrusion Prevention System (IPS-C). Although the software-based IPS-A has high packet capture performances, it has been observed that the detection/alarm results are below the average. Although the hardware-based IPS-C is an optimized appliance to put a minimum load on the processor, the detection/alarm figures are at very low levels. In this paper, it has been observed that the IPS-B which is the other software-based Intrusion Prevention System, has a processor usage of 100% but it has reached a far ahead result with very high analysis and detection/alarm performance. In this study, in all the scenarios, four different packet numbers and about twenty parameters were applied to all three IPSs that packet capture performance is quite high and 100%. All three IPSs achieved 100% detection results in attacks where a small number of packets were sent.
HIGH-CURRENT RELATIVISTIC ELECTRON BEAM FOCUSING IN PLASMA
Authors: Manuilenko О.V. , Pashchenko A.V. , Svichensky V.G. , Zajtsev B.V.
Published: August 2021

The analysis of the envelope equation for high-current relativistic electron beam propagation in plasma in an external uniform magnetic field is presented. The envelope equation is obtained in a Hamiltonian form with an effective potential, which depends from electron beam and plasma parameters, and external magnetic field. Hamiltonian aproach allows fully analyze the behavior of the beam envelope as a function of the beam current, beam energy, plasma density and conductivity, as well as on the external magnetic field and the initial beam angular momentum.
TRIGGERING PULSE GENERATORS DEVELOPED FOR THE HIGH-VOLTAGE DISCHARGERS OF MAGNETIC SYSTEMS AND FOR THE GENERATOR OF PULSE VOLTAGES USED BY THE RELATIVISTIC ELECTRON BEAM ACCELERATOR “TEMP-B”
Authors: Batrakov A.B. , Zinchenko A.A. , Lonin Yu.F. , Ponomarev A.G. , Fedotov S.I.
Published: August 2021

The pulse generators were developed to trigger the high-voltage dischargers of magnetic systems and the dischargers of the generators of pulsed voltages used by the relativistic electron beam (REB) accelerator “TEMP-B”. The description of the triggering pulse generators designed by the NSC KIPT to actuate the dischargers of the pulsed voltage generators (PVG) and the dischargers of magnetic systems has been given. These are used by the commutation systems of capacitor banks with the stored energy margin in the range of 60 to 150 kJ. The generators provide the generation of voltage pulses with the amplitude of up to 20 kV.
FOCUSING OF POSITRON BUNCH WHEN MOVING IN ELECTRON BUNCH WAKEFIELD IN THE DIELECTRIC WAVEGUIDE FILLED WITH PLASMA
Authors: Sotnikov G.V. , Knyazev R.R. , Markov P.I. , Onishchenko I.N.
Published: August 2021

The results of numerical PIC-simulation of focusing accelerated (test) positron and drive electron bunches in the dielectric waveguide filled with radially heterogeneous plasma with the vacuum channel are given in the paper. The wakefield was excited by electron bunch in quartz dielectric tube, inserted into cylindrical metal waveguide. The internal area of dielectric tube has been filled with plasma different transverse density profiles, heterogeneous on radius, with the vacuum channel along waveguide axis. Plasma density for all studied cases was so low that plasma frequency was less, than the frequency of the main dielectric mode. Results of numerical PIC simulation have shown that possibility of simultaneous acceleration and focusing of the test positron bunch are possible in the wakefield. The best acceleration happens in case of plasma absence, however at that there is no focusing of test positron bunch.
ION GENERATION BY TUNGSTEN FILAMENT FOR PYROELECTRIC PULSED ACCELERATOR
Authors: Ivashchuk O.O. , Shchagin A.V. , Kubankin A.S. , Bolotov E.V. , Miroshnik V.S. , Volkov V.I. , Grigoriev Yu.V.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to investigation of ion generation by tungsten filament in vacuum. Electron and ion currents from tungsten filament at different residual air gas pressures are measured and compared. Dependencies of ion and electron currents from tungsten filament on its supply voltage are measured. Production of ions in the vicinity of the filament is discussed. Prospects of tungsten filament’s application in pyroelectric and piezoelectric pulsed accelerators are discussed.
INVESTIGATION OF THE BOUNDARY-VALUED PROBLEM ON RESONANCE MHD NON-UNIFORMITY BY INTEGRAL EQUATIONS USING
Authors: Oleksandrov Y.N. , Nevliudov I.Sh. , Chala O.O. , Botsman I.B. , Nevliudova V.V.
Published: August 2021

Numerical simulation of interior field velocity is studied on the basis of the rigorous analytical solution of the boundary-valued magnetohydrodynamics problem on the sphere type non-uniformities. The basis for the analytical solution is the method of integral equations of linear magnetohydrodynamics. The analysis of the obtained results is carried out.
DIFFUSION IN MOMENTUM OF RELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS WITH A THERMAL SPREAD PASSING THROUGH AN UNDULATOR
Authors: Ognivenko V.V.
Published: August 2021

The longitudinal momentum diffusion of electrons moving in a spatially periodic magnetic field of an undulator is investigated, taking into account their initial energy spread. Expressions for the coefficient are obtained and the dependences of the diffusion coefficient are determined both on the distance traveled by the electrons in the undulator and on the value of the initial energy spread of the electrons. The possibility of decreasing the wavelength in X-ray free electron lasers is discussed.
SPATIAL SEPARATION OF THE IONES OF A GIVEN MASS RANGE IN THE DEMO-IMITATION SEPARATOR AT THE FIRST TURN OF IONIC TRAJECTORY
Authors: Katrechko V.V. , Yuferov V.B. , Ilichova V.O. , Khizhnyak S.N.
Published: August 2021

Plasma methods, where only electricity is required, are an alternative to the PUREX process used in industry for spent nuclear fuel reprocessing. It is considered the possibility of filtering out the target ions (М = 232…277) to the collector at the first turn of the ion trajectory in the plasma mass filter, which is currently being developed, that is achieved by specifying certain parameters (amplitude and frequency) for a variable component of a radial electric field. This approach significantly reduces the thermal load onto deposition surface of target ions.
SEPARATION OF ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM LOW-FREQUENCY COMPONENTS ON THE BASIS OF THE STOCHASTIC RESONANCE EFFECT
Authors: Kharchenko O.I. , Lonin Yu.F. , Zabrodina L.P. , Kartashov V.M.
Published: August 2021

The paper describes the method for electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis based on the stochastic resonance (SR) effect. The numerical computation has provided the separation of low frequency components that fall within the δ-rhythm band. This is currently central in the neuropathology diagnostics, because the presence of low frequencies in the EEG is abnormal and bears witness to the disease. For verification, the data obtained with the use of the SR effect have been compared with the computations based on the autocorrelation function (ACF) processing. The comparison has shown their good agreement.
URAGAN-2M GAS MIXING SYSTEM
Authors: Lozin A.V. , Kovtun Yu.V. , Moiseenko V.E. , Maznichenko S.M. , Baron D.I. , Kozulya M.M. , Krasyuk A.Yu. , Listopad V.M. , Gribanov V.Yu. , Martseniuk Yu.P.
Published: August 2021

Gas mixture system (GMS) was developed, created and installed at Uragan-2M (U-2M) device. GMS is based on already known gas mixing method  successive puffing. It is implemented through successive puffing of several gases from separate high pressure cylinders into working volume. A number of experiments were carried out to create a He+H2 gas mixture with different percentages. The results of measurements of the He+H2 percentage in the GMS and the U-2M vacuum chamber are in good agreement each to other. This system allows you to change the pressure of the mixture in the U-2M chamber at a constant percentage of gases in the mixture.
Central vein sign for differential diagnosis of demyelinating diseases of CNS
Authors: Belov SE , Gubsky IL , Lelyuk VG , Boyko AN
Published: August 2021

The search for highly sensitive and highly specific biomarkers of MS, including neuroimaging biomarkers, continues. One of such biomarkers is the central vein sign detectable on SW and T2-weighted MR images. The sensitivity and specificity of methods used for central vein sign detection vary. This article describes two clinical cases of patients with similar neurological symptoms which required making differential diagnosis between multiple sclerosis and secondary demyelination in the presence of a systemic disorder (systemic lupus erythematosus). In addition to routine MR sequences, we used SWI generated by a 3T scanner. The lesions with the central vein sign were counted; the proportion of perivenular lesions was determined. In the multiple sclerosis case, all the lesions were perivenular; the proportion of lesions with the central vein sign in the patient with secondary demyelination in the presence of systemic lupus erythematosus was 16.7%. The use of SW images improved the informative value of the analysis.
Protegendo a boca dos outros: a Federação Odontológica Latino-Americana e o desenvolvimento da profissão odontológica na América Latina
Authors: Oliveira Iranilson Buriti
Published: August 2021

Este artigo analisa a criação da Federação Odontológica Latino-americana, pensando-a dentro de um contexto de expansão do saber do dentista na sociedade, com a emergência de novas faculdades e novos profissionais da área. A partir da Nova História Cultural, e tendo como fontes os anais dos congressos latino-americanos que ocorreram nos anos 20 e os estatutos da Federação, este artigo põe em discussão as normas de controle e inspeção criados e postos em prática pela Federação Odontológica Latino-americana. Dessa forma, estudar a emergência de uma federação constitui uma maneira de refletir sobre as ações institucionalizadas de formação do cirurgião-dentista e como estas moldaram saberes e práticas da profissão ao longo do tempo.
APLICAÇÃO DO DIREITO DO CONSUMIDOR NAS INCORPORAÇÕES IMOBILIÁRIAS
Authors: Mendonça Cavichini Teixeira de Siqueira Alexis , De Oliveira Penchel Silvia Renata
Published: August 2021

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo abordar a forma como se dá a aplicação do direito do consumidor no caso de vendas de unidades autônomas em incorporações imobiliárias no Brasil. O método utilizado para a confecção do trabalho é o dedutivo, pois parte de premissas para poder se elaborar uma conclusão e um raciocínio lógico final a respeito das perspectivas e problemática atual do tema no direito pátrio. É verificado em qual âmbito se aplicam o código de defesa do consumidor no Brasil para essas relações e em qual âmbito sua aplicação é afastada, seja para a aplicação de legislação especial ou do próprio código civil. A pesquisa trata ainda da aplicação do diálogo das fontes normativas a essas relações de compra e venda de imóveis quando envolvem empreendimentos imobiliários e a inaplicabilidade da legislação consumerista, uma vez que não há disciplina específica a essas relações em uma só fonte normativa. Ao fim, conclui-se que a proteção do consumidor no ordenamento brasileiro é suficiente no âmbito das incorporações imobiliárias.
APOSENTADORIA ESPECIAL POR ADICIONAIS DE RISCOS
Authors: Grott João
Published: August 2021

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo pontuar algumas contradições que a norma regulatória da Reforma Previdenciária impôs perante a legislação trabalhista na questão da proteção à saúde do trabalhador em seu ambiente laboral. Para tanto foram pesquisados em documentos oficiais os quesitos necessários para a concessão da aposentadoria especial, na modalidade da insalubridade e periculosidade. Sob os fundamentos da Lei 8.213/1001 artigos 57 e 58, realizou-se uma síntese da evolução legislativa da aposentadoria especial, verificando quais os requisitos exigidos aos segurados que exercem atividade em ambiente de trabalho expostos a agentes nocivos prejudiciais à saúde e à integridade física. Também foi verificado como ocorre a sua concessão antes e após Reforma Previdenciária, detectando as controvérsias em razão da violação de alguns pontos que a Reforma Previdenciária possibilitou na legislação trabalhista. Sendo assim, mediante uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental expõe-se neste estudo os aspectos legais, as dificuldades encontradas por contribuintes no que diz respeito à concessão do benefício e o entendimento dos Tribunais diante do posicionamento da Previdência Social. Verificou-se grandes controvérsia e muita dificuldade para a concessão da aposentadoria especial após a Reforma Previdenciária, entendendo-se que está sendo um caminho propenso à extinção deste benefício tão necessário para proteção da saúde dos trabalhadores.
RISCO DO USO DAS CRIPTOMOEDAS PARA O FINANCIAMENTO DO TERRORISMO
Authors: Backx Van Buggenhout Gothardo
Published: August 2021

O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar uma análise epistemológica do crime de financiamento do terrorismo com o uso das criptomoedas. Destaca-se a problemática em questão especialmente quanto à adequação das elementares do crime de financiamento do terrosismo com o conteúdo material do ilícito no contexto das moedas virtuais. Neste particular, analisaremos o tema sob o prisma dos instrumentos normativos regulatórios sobre a matéria, no sentido de estabelecer a conexão entre o tipo penal e o uso das criptomoedas. Como resultado do estudo, é inevitável inferir que não existe uma conclusão firme sobre a problemática ora posta, porquanto, em princípio, a tipificação da conduta de financiamento do terrorismo ainda não se desenvolveu suficientemente, dada a complexidade da realidade para a qual se destina.
INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND DURATION OF STORAGE OF FROZEN MILK OF VARIOUS AGRICULTURAL ANIMALS ON ITS TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Authors: Dmitruk E. , Efimova E. , Virina S.
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of studies on the influence of temperature and duration of storage of frozen milk of various farm animals on its technological properties. It was found that with an

increase in the duration of storage of frozen milk, the organoleptic characteristics of sour-milk and protein products produced using this milk slightly decrease, the yield of protein products and the degree of use of dry substances decrease.