bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of HOX Genes as Potential Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Martinou Eirini , Falgari Giulia , Bagwan Izhar , Angelidi Angeliki
Published: November 2021

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is worldwide the third leading cause of cancer-related death, and despite therapeutic advances, survival remains low. Emerging evidence shows that Homeobox (HOX) genes are important in carcinogenesis, and their dysregulation has been linked with metastatic potential and poor prognosis. This systematic review aims to present the current evidence on the role of HOX genes as biomarkers in CRC and the impact of their modulation in tumour growth and progression. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane databases were searched by following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Eligible studies investigated two research questions: a) the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of HOX gene dysregulation in patients with CRC and b) the functional role of HOX genes in CRC progression. This study was registered in the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO), CRD42020190953. Results: Twenty-five studies enrolling 3003 patients with stage I-IV CRC, showed that 26 out of 39 HOX genes were dysregulated in cancerous versus normal colon. Aberrant expression of HOX proteins was significantly related to tumour depth, nodal invasion, distant metastases, advanced stage and poor prognosis. Twenty-two preclinical studies showed that HOX proteins are crucially related to tumour growth and metastatic potential by affecting cell proliferation and altering the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition modulators. Conclusions: In conclusion, our findings suggest that HOX proteins play vital roles in CRC progression and significantly affect survival. Further research, though, is required to elucidate their potential role as biomarkers in CRC.
Clinical Implications of Oral Assessment in Elderly Patients with Acute Heart Failure: A Single-center, Retrospective Study
Authors: Uemura Yusuke , Shibata Rei , Ishikawa Haruna , Nagahori Ayumi , Katsumi Yuta , Takemoto Kenji , Ishikawa Shinji , Murohara Toyoaki , Watarai Masato
Published: November 2021

Oral health problems are common and are associated with various geriatric conditions in older adults. The importance of oral health has not been fully highlighted in the assessment and management of patients with heart failure. Here, we investigated the clinical implications of oral assessment in elderly patients with acute heart failure. We evaluated oral health using the revised oral assessment guide in 77 patients aged 65 years or older who were admitted to hospital for acute heart failure. Poor oral health (defined as a revised oral assessment guide score ≥ 9) was identified in 66.2% of the patients. Patients with poor oral health had high prevalence of decreased physical function, undernutrition, and cognitive impairment. A reduction in the Barthel Index, as an indicator of activities of daily living during hospitalization, was significant in the enrolled patients. The Barthel Index decreased more in patients with poor oral health than those with normal oral health. Furthermore, the revised oral assessment guide score on admission was found to be the only independent predictor of changes in the Barthel Index during hospitalization in the multivariate regression analyses. In conclusion, oral assessment using the revised oral assessment guide during hospitalization could provide useful information for the management of elderly heart failure patients.
Mieap forms membraneless organelles to compartmentalize and facilitate cardiolipin metabolism
Authors: Ikari Naoki , Honjo Katsuko , Sagami Yoko , Nakamura Yasuyuki , Arakawa Hirofumi
Published: November 2021

Liquid droplets function as membraneless organelles that compartmentalize and facilitate efficient biological reactions. They are formed by proteins with intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) via liquid–liquid phase separation. Mieap/SPATA18, a p53-inducible protein, participates in suppression of colorectal tumors by promoting mitochondrial quality control. However, the regulatory mechanism involved remains unclear. Here, we report that Mieap is an IDR-containing protein that drives formation of liquid droplets in mitochondria. Mieap liquid droplets specifically phase separate the mitochondrial phospholipid, cardiolipin. Lipidomic analysis of cardiolipin suggests that Mieap promotes enzymatic reactions involved in cardiolipin metabolism, including biosynthesis and remodeling. Accordingly, four cardiolipin biosynthetic enzymes, TAMM41, PGS1, PTPMT1, and CRLS1, and two remodeling enzymes, PLA2G6 and TAZ, are phase-separated by Mieap liquid droplets. Mieap-deficient mice exhibit altered crista structure in mitochondria of various tissues, including brown fat, and tend to become obese. These results suggest that Mieap drives formation of membraneless organelles to compartmentalize and promote cardiolipin metabolism at the inner mitochondrial membrane, thus potentially contributing to mitochondrial quality control.
A tensor decomposition-based integrated analysis applicable to multiple gene expression profiles without sample matching
Authors: Y-h. Taguchi , Turki Turki
Published: November 2021

The integrated analysis of multiple gene expression profiles measured in distinct studies is always problematic.
Especially, missing sample matching and missing common labeling between distinct studies prevent the integration of multiple studies in fully data-driven and unsupervised manner. In this study, we propose a strategy enabling the integration of multiple gene expression profiles among multiple independent studies without either labeling or sample matching, using tensor decomposition-based unsupervised feature extraction. As an example, we applied this strategy to Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related gene expression profiles that lack exact correspondence among samples as well as AD single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) data. We found that we could select biologically reasonable genes with integrated analysis. Overall, integrated gene expression profiles can function analogously to prior learning and/or transfer learning strategies in other machine learning applications. For scRNA-seq, the proposed approach was able to drastically reduce the required computational memory.
The Cognitive and Psychiatric Subacute Impairment in severe Covid-19.
Authors: Serrano-Castro Pedro J. , Garzon-Maldonado Francisco , Casado-Naranjo Ignacio , Ollero-Ortiz Angela , Minguez-Castellanos Adolfo , Iglesias-Espinosa Mar , Baena-Palomino Pablo , Sanchez-Sanchez Violeta , Perez Rosa Maria Sanchez , Rubi-Callejon Jose , Estevez-Maria Jose Carlos , Galeano-Bilbao Benito , Romero-Imbroda Jesus , Sobrino-Diaz Beatriz , Arrabal-Gomez Carlos , Oliver-Martos Begoña , Muñoz-Becerra Luis , Requena-Ocaña Nerea , de Sotomayor Maria del Mar Gonzalez Alvarez , Estivill-Torrus Guillermo , Suarez Juan , Petersen Nicolas Ciano , Pons-Pons Gracia , Reyes-Bueno Jose Antonio , Cabezudo-Garcia Pablo , Aguilar-Castillo Maria Jose , Cosme Carlos De la Cruz , Duque-Holguera Maria , Cuartero-Cuartero Eva , Vilches-Carrillo Rosa Maria , Carrera-Muñoz Ismael , Carnero-Pardo Cristobal , Ramirez-Garcia Teresa , Oropesa Juan Manuel , Dominguez-Mayoral Ana , Pelaez-Viñas Nazaret , de Santis Lucia Valiente , de Fonseca Fernando Rodriguez
Published: November 2021

Background: Neurologic impairment persisting months after acute severe SARS-CoV-2 infection has been described because of several pathogenic mechanisms, including persistent systemic inflammation. The objective of this study is to analyze the selective involvement of the different cognitive domains and the existence of related biomarkers. Methods: Cross-sectional multicentric study of patients who survived severe infection with SARS-CoV-2 consecutively recruited between 90 and 120 days after hospital discharge. All patients underwent an exhaustive study of cognitive functions as well as plasma determination of pro-inflammatory, neurotrophic factors and light-chain neurofilaments. A Principal Component Analysis extracted the main independent characteristics of the syndrome. Results: 152 patients were recruited. The results of our study preferential involvement of episodic and working memory, executive functions, and attention and relatively less affectation of other cortical functions. In addition, anxiety and depression pictures are constant in our cohort. Several plasma chemokines concentrations were elevated compared with both, a non-SARS-Cov2 infected cohort of neurological outpatients or a control healthy general population. Conclusion: Severe Covid-19 patients can develop an amnesic and dysexecutive syndrome with neuropsychiatric manifestations. We do not know if the deficits detected can persist in the long term and if this can trigger or accelerate the onset of neurodegenerative diseases.
Bizarre tail weaponry in a transitional ankylosaur from subantarctic Chile
Authors: Soto-Acuña Sergio , Vargas Alexander , Kaluza Jonatan , Leppe Marcelo , Botelho Joao , Palma-Liberona José , Gutstein Carolina , Fernández Roy , Ortiz Hector , Milla Verónica , Aravena Bárbara , Manríquez Leslie , Alarcón-Muñoz Jhonatan , Pino Juan , Trevisan Christine , Mansilla Héctor , Hinojosa Luis , Muñoz-Walther Vicente , Rubilar-Rogers David
Published: November 2021

Armoured dinosaurs are well known for forms that evolved specialized tail weapons: paired tail spikes in stegosaurs, and heavy tail clubs in advanced ankylosaurs1. Armoured dinosaurs from southern Gondwana are rare and enigmatic, but likely include the earliest branches of Ankylosauria2-4. Here, we describe a mostly complete, semiarticulated skeleton of a small (about 2m) armoured dinosaur from the late Cretaceous of Magallanes in southernmost Chile, a region biogeographically related to West Antarctica5. Stegouros elengassen gen. et sp. nov. evolved a large tail weapon unlike any dinosaur: A flat, frond-like structure formed by 7 pairs of laterally projecting osteoderms encasing the distal half of the tail. Stegouros shows ankylosaurian cranial characters, but a largely primitive postcranial skeleton, with some stegosaur-like characters. Phylogenetic analyses placed Stegouros in Ankylosauria, and specifically related to Kunbarrasaurus from Australia6 and Antarctopelta from Antarctica7, forming a clade of Gondwanan ankylosaurs that split earliest from all other ankylosaurs. Large osteoderms and specialized tail vertebrae in Antarctopelta suggest it had a tail weapon similar to Stegouros. We propose a new clade, the Parankylosauria, to include the first ancestor of Stegouros but not Ankylosaurus, and all descendants of that ancestor.
Prevalence and severity of symptoms and signs in patients with advanced cancer in the last days of life: the East Asian collaborative cross-cultural Study to Elucidate the Dying process (EASED)
Authors: Hiratsuka Yusuke , Suh Sang-Yeon , Won Seon-Hye , Kim Sun-Hyun , Yoon Seok-Joon , Koh Su-Jin , Kwon Jung Hye , Park Jeanno , Ahn Hong-Yup , Cheng Shao-Yi , Chen Ping-Jen , Yamaguchi Takashi , Morita Tatsuya , Tsuneto Satoru , Mori Masanori , Inoue Akira
Published: November 2021

Purpose

Few large-scale studies have focused on the prevalence of symptoms and signs during the last days of patients diagnosed with advanced cancer. Identifying the patterns of specific symptoms according to cancer type is helpful to provide end-of-life care for patients with advanced cancer. We investigated the prevalence and severity of symptoms and signs associated with impending death in patients with advanced cancer.

Methods

In this secondary analysis of an international multicenter cohort study conducted in three East Asian countries, we compared the severity of symptoms and signs among dying patients 3 days before death according to the type of primary cancer using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Post hoc analysis was conducted for multiple comparisons of each symptom according to the type of primary cancer.

Results

We analyzed 2131 patients from Japan, Korea and Taiwan. Fatigue, dry mouth, drowsiness and dyspnea were present in nearly half of the patients, and edema of lower extremities was the most common sign in all dying patients. According to cancer type, edema of lower extremities was the most common symptom and fatigue/ ascites were the most severe symptoms in digestive tract cancer. For lung cancer, respiratory secretion was the most prevalent and dyspnea/ respiratory secretion were the most severe symptoms.

Conclusion

We demonstrated the prevalence and severity of symptoms and signs associated with impending death of patients with advanced cancer in East Asia. Our study can enable clinicians to recognize the specific symptoms and signs at the very end of life.
Immune privilege of adipocyte mitochondria protects from obesity
Authors: Hoang Anh Cuong , Yu Haidong , Lin Ya-Tin , Chen Jin-Chung , Chen Chia-Chun , Diedrich Victoria , Herwig Annika , Landgraf Kathrin , Körner Antje , Roszer Tamás
Published: November 2021

Infant nutrition is rich in lipids, and the adipose tissue has been adapted to properly break down neutral lipids and oxidize fatty acids in infancy. Accordingly, infant adipose tissue contains so-called beige adipocytes, which burn off lipids to heat, and impede fat storage and obesity. We show here that infant adipocytes are immune privileged sites for mitochondria due to a blockade in interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7)-signaling, which allows mitochondrial RNA to trigger beige adipocyte differentiation through mitochondria-to-nucleus signaling. These mechanisms serve to maintain an extensive mitochondrial network in beige adipocytes and protect against obesity. By contrast, fat storing white adipocytes lack these mechanisms and respond to their mitochondrial content with inflammation. We show that obesity subverts the immune privilege for mitochondria in adipocytes, which reduces mitochondrial mass and abrogates beige adipocyte development. In turn, suppressing IRF7 signaling and restoring the RNA-mediated mitochondria-to-nucleus signaling in adipocytes effectively reduces obesity.
Dispersion Reduction of the Source Data Created by Time History Analyses for Developing More Reliable Fragility Curves of Selected Electric Substations Equipment
Authors: Mohammadpour Saman , Hosseini Mahmood
Published: November 2021

High dispersion of data, created by time history analyses (THA) for developing fragility curves (FCs), results in remarkable uncertainty in risk evaluation. Regarding the lack of studies on uncertainty reduction of FCs of electric power equipment, this paper presents three means for reducing this dispersion: 1) using spectral acceleration at fundamental period of the system, Sa(T1), instead of peak ground acceleration (PGA) as the intensity measure (IM), 2) using Sa(T1)+Sa(T2), as the IM, and 3) using a set of scenario earthquakes for THA instead of randomly chosen accelerograms. The methods were compared for two key structures of electric substations, a post insulator (PI) and a current transformer (CT). For the PI, first a set of randomly chosen accelerograms was employed, once using PGA, and once more Sa(T1) as the IM, and then a set of scenario-based records, with the same IMs. For the CT, PGA, Sa(T1) and Sa(T1)+Sa(T2) were used as the IM. Results show that using scenario-compatible records leads to more consistent data for developing the FCs, and that this consistency gets better and much better, respectively, by using Sa(T1) and Sa(T1)+Sa(T2) as the IM. It is suggested that for very high frequency systems, such as PI, Sa(T1) is used, while for moderate- and low-frequency systems, such as CT, Sa(T1)+Sa(T2) is used.
Study on cutting temperature and surface roughness during the turning process of pure titanium
Authors: D Panduru
Published: November 2021

In this paper some experimental determinations on the temperature and surface roughness during the turning process of pure titanium was conducted, using different cutting parameters (depth of cut, feed and rotational speed). The results are presented as graphical dependencies of temperature and surface roughness as function of cutting parameters also as a screen capture of the values obtained using an adequate technique for temperature of the turning process of pure titanium.
The theoretical model for determinig critical rotation speed flexible coupling type SEGE
Authors: Ivanova E
Published: November 2021

It this article was studied a flexible coupling with a rubber elastic element. In exploitation period under one direction load, half of all cylinders are working. All of cylinders are made along with a carrying ring. The elastic elements are subjected to compression. On the non-loaded cylinders, a centrifugal force acts to cause their radial displacement. By the slow rubber relaxation of not loaded cylinders, in the case of reverse and impact load it is danger of can be pinched between the metal claws of semi couplings. Radial displacement and critical rotation speeds were determined, for non-loaded cylinders, in the time which is derived pinching the rubber elastic element.
Optimizing the design of compression helical springs
Authors: Mihaela Turof
Published: November 2021

The helical compression spring is calculated in the STAS 7067 standard based on the wire twist tension and considering the type of deformation, fatigue loading and vibration and buckling effect. To avoid recalculation of the values of already calculated parameters, the proposed calculation method uses the same formulas from STAS, but sets out a set of restrictions that must be observed in the design stages. To optimize design, start with material selection, set minimum and maximum forces, also the type of deformation as well as the admissible dimensions.
Contributions to the study of service characteristics of cooling water used for marine engines
Authors: L Ali
Published: November 2021

Even if the cooling system of a marine engine is regarded as an auxiliary system of less importance, this is absolute necessary for its operation. Recent research in advanced cooling system showed that there is a potential of greenhouse gasses reduction and fuel economy, but operational issues related to corrosion, fatigue and scale formation still remain.
Nuevas citas de flora amenazada y rara en el País Vasco III
Authors: Pérez de Ana Juan Manuel
Published: November 2021

Se ofrecen 48 citas interesantes desde el punto de vista corológico de 40 especies de plantas amenazadas y/o raras en el País Vasco (Bizkaia y Araba); 5 de ellas están protegidas en la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco
Anti-proliferative, c-Met Inhibitions, and PAINS Evaluations of New Thiophene,
Thiazole, Coumarin, Pyran, and Pyridine Derivatives
Authors: Mohareb Rafat M. , Abdo Nadia Y. Megally , Ibrahim Rehab A. , Samir Eman M.
Published: November 2021

Background:

1,3-Diones are versatile reagents used for many heterocyclic transformations. Among such groups of compounds, cyclohexane-1,3-dione is widely used in organic synthesis to produce biologically active compounds.

Objective:

In this work, target molecules were synthesized from tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophen-3- carboxamide derivative with different substituents, and their structure-activity relationships were discussed in detail.

Method:

Cyclohexane-1,3-dione underwent different multi-component reactions to produce fused thiophene, thiazole, coumarin, pyran, and pyridine derivatives. The anti-proliferative activity of the newly synthesized compounds toward the six cancer cell lines, namely A549, H460, HT-29, MKN-45, U87MG, and SMMC-7721 was studied. In addition, inhibitions of the most active compounds toward cancer cell lines classified according to the disease were also studied. Furthermore, Pan Assay Interference compounds (PAINS) of the selected compounds were analyzed, along with the c-Met inhibitions.

Results:

Anti-proliferative evaluations were performed for all of the synthesized compounds, in which the varieties of substituents through the aryl ring and the heterocyclic ring afforded compounds with high activities. Inhibition activity against the cancer cell lines classified according to the disease, c-Met, and PAINS of the synthesized compounds were measured.

Conclusion:

Compounds 3, 13a, 13b, 14a, 16f, 17a, 28, 30a, and 31were the most cytotoxic compounds toward the six cancer cell lines. Inhibition toward cancer cell lines classified according to the disease showed that, in most cases, the presence of the electronegative CN and or Cl groups within the molecule was responsible for its high activity.
Fight corruption at the state and municipal levels in Russia
Authors: Vorontsov Sergey A. , Mamychev Alexey Y. , Ponedelkov Alexander V. , Kolesnik Veronika V. , Boyko Natalia A.
Published: November 2021

The need to improve the efficiency of combating corruption presupposes an increase in the influence of ethical and moral norms on the observance of prohibitions, restrictions, and requirements established in order to counter corruption, as well as the development of additional mechanisms and tools for preventing corruption manifestations. Moreover, it is clearly not enough to legalize the norms of anti-corruption behaviour, through which law enforcement activities in this area could provide real results. Anti-corruption norms require not only legalization, but also legitimation, that is, recognition and support by citizens and society of this work as a whole. Only a combination of these two components can ensure an increase in the effectiveness of the prevention of corruption offenses in the Russian Federation. Legislative and law enforcement activities in the field of combating corruption systematically demonstrate not resistance, but a compromise, which negatively affects the authority of state bodies responsible for solving problems in the field of combating corruption, provokes legal nihilism among some citizens, disbelief in the goals and objectives declared by the anti-corruption policy.
History-taking, Clinical Signs, Tests and Scores for Detection of Non-organic Dyspepsia (NOD) Among Patients With Acute Abdominal Pain (AAP)
Authors: ESKELINEN MAARET , MEKLIN JANNICA , SELANDER TUOMAS , SYRJÄNEN KARI , ESKELINEN MATTI
Published: November 2021

Background/Aim: The diagnostic accuracy of history-taking, clinical signs and tests and diagnostic scores (DSs) for patients with non-organic dyspepsia (NOD) have been rarely evaluated. Patients and Methods: A cohort of 1333 patients presenting with acute abdominal pain (AAP) were studied, including 50 patients with confirmed NOD. The most significant diagnostic variables (in multivariate logistic regression analysis) were used to construct six different DS models and their diagnostic accuracy was compared with clinical symptoms and signs and tests. Meta-analytical techniques were used to detect the summary sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) estimates for each data set (symptoms, signs and tests as well as DS models). Results: In hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) analysis, the area under curve (AUC) values for i) symptoms ii) signs and tests iii) DS were as follows: i) AUC=0.608 [95% confidence interval (CI)=0.550-0.666]; ii) AUC=0.621 (95% CI=0.570-0.672) and iii) AUC=0.877 (95% CI=0.835-0.919). The differences between these AUC values (roccomp analysis) are as follows: between i) and ii) p=0.715; between i) and iii) p<0.0001; between ii) and iii) p<0.0001. Conclusion: The present study is the first to provide evidence that the DS could be used in diagnosis of NOD. The major advantage of our DS is that this model does not need radiology or endoscopy to reach high diagnostic accuracy.
Exfoliative Dermatitis as a Para-neoplastic Syndrome of Prostate Adenocarcinoma: A Rare Case Report With Literature Review
Authors: GHAFOURI SAYED RESHAD , ESCRIBA-OMAR ABELARDO , WAHDATYAR INAYATULLAH , WHITED NOAH , HAKIM MOHAMMAD NAWAR , GAUR SUMIT , DIHOWM FATMA
Published: November 2021

Background/Aim This study aimed to report a rare case of erythroderma or exfoliative dermatitis as a paraneoplastic syndrome of prostate adenocarcinoma. Exfoliative dermatitis is a rare inflammatory skin condition that is characterized by desquamation and erythema involving more than 90% of the body surface area. It is a clinical manifestation and usually associated with various underlying cutaneous disorders, drug induced reactions and malignancies. Case Report: Herein we report a case of 55-year-old male patient who presented with progressively diffuse scaling and erythematous rash of 3 months duration. He was diagnosed with untreated prostate adenocarcinoma about 2 months prior his admission. Skin biopsy confirmed exfoliative erythroderma diagnosis. He was investigated extensively for other pathologies, however all work up remained negative except a CT finding of large heterogeneous prostate gland with elevated PSA which was consistent with prostate cancer. Daily oral prednisone for one week and hydrocortisone cream provided partial clinical improvement. The patient was discharged on tapering steroid to follow-up with urology and oncology for further underlying prostate carcinoma management. Conclusion: We concluded that the ongoing erythroderma was a paraneoplastic syndrome of prostate adenocarcinoma. Hence, early detailed history and routine screening of malignancy-related biomarkers is warranted on any individuals presenting with such symptoms.
Laparoscopic Surgery Reduces Risk of Postoperative Complications and Non Cancer-related Survival in Patients Over 80 Years Old With Colorectal Cancer
Authors: YOSHIMATSU KAZUHIKO , KONO TEPPEI , ITO YOSHITOMO , SATAKE MASAYA , YAMADA YASUFUMI , OKAYAMA SACHIYO , YOKOMIZO HAJIME , SHIOZAWA SHUNICHI
Published: November 2021

Background: The short- and long-term results from several reports suggest that laparoscopic surgery (LAP) for elderly patients is expected to reduce the risk of complications due to its minimal invasiveness, However, little is known about the effect of LAP on long-term prognosis aside from cancer. Patients and Methods: Eighty-five cases over 80 years old with colorectal cancer whose primary lesions were resected consecutively were enrolled. Risk factors for complications were searched using categorized clinicopathological factors. The factors for death unrelated to cancer were analyzed in patients by excluding cancer-related death. Results: Incidence of all complications, those of Clavien–Dindo grade 2 or more, and surgical site infection were significantly lower in LAP-treated patients (p=0.0343, p=0.0015 and p=0.0015, respectively). By multivariate analysis, LAP (odds ratio=0.19, 95% confidence intervaI=0.05-0.75, p=0.0177) and no pulmonary dysfunction (odds ratio=0.24, 95% confidence intervaI=0.06-0.96, p=0.0441) were significantly associated with reduced risk of complications of Clavien–Dindo grade 2 or more. LAP, no pulmonary dysfunction and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1 were also significantly associated with reduced risk for death from non cancer-related causes. Additionally, LAP was significantly associated with improved survival excluding cancer-related death in patients with pulmonary dysfunction (p=0.0020) or with poor performance status (p=0.0412). Conclusion: These results suggest that fewer complications and non cancer-related deaths were achieved in very elderly patients with colorectal cancer when treated by LAP.
New Technique of Laparoscopic Paraaortic Lymph Node Dissection for Colorectal Cancer Using Fluorescence Navigation
Authors: RYU SHUNJIN , HARA KEIGO , GOTO KEISUKE , OKAMOTO ATSUKO , KITAGAWA TAKAHIRO , MARUKUCHI RUI , ITO RYUSUKE , NAKABAYASHI YUKIO
Published: November 2021

Background/Aim: According to limited current reports, therapeutic paraaortic lymph node (PALN) dissection with intensive combined therapy for colorectal cancer improves prognosis in select patients. Laparoscopic PALN dissection is a difficult technique that has not yet been established. We applied this procedure using an intraoperative fluorescence navigation technique with a near-infrared ray catheter (NIRC™) fluorescent ureteral catheter (NIRFUC). Patients and Methods: We evaluated the utility of laparoscopic fluorescence navigation and the short-term outcomes of 6 patients undergoing laparoscopic PALN dissection. Results: There were 3 surgeries for synchronous metastasis and 3 surgeries for recurrent metastasis. The mean surgical duration, blood loss, and postoperative hospital stay were 677 (range=518-1,090) min, 7.5 (range=3-1,600) ml, and 14 (range=9-33) days, respectively. Postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo grade >III) occurred in 1 case. Conclusion: Dissection around the ureter was navigated with a NIRFUC. Fluorescence ureteral navigation facilitated completion of the complex laparoscopic PALN dissection procedure.
Treatment Strategy for Cancer-associated Venous Thromboembolism During Chemotherapy: The Keep ACT2 Concept
Authors: TANAKA YOSHIHIRO , SATO YUTA , SUETSUGU TOMONARI , MASE JUNICHI , TAKAHA RITSUKI , OKUMURA NAOKI , MATSUHASHI NOBUHISA , TAKAHASHI TAKAO , YOSHIDA KAZUHIRO
Published: November 2021

Background/Aim: The frequency of detecting cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (CAT) during chemotherapy is increasing. It is not desirable to discontinue chemotherapy for CAT. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of simultaneous progression of anticoagulant and anticancer therapy, focusing on drug interactions. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients with gastroenterological CAT from February 2017 to December 2020 at the Gifu University Hospital. When both chemotherapy and CAT treatments using edoxaban were performed in parallel and the thrombus disappeared, patients were defined as being Keep-ACT2 (keeping anticancer therapy and anticoagulant therapy) successful. The effect and safety of treatment strategy focusing on cytochrome P450 (CYP) metabolism using edoxaban were evaluated. Results: A total of 114 patients with CAT during chemotherapy were treated with edoxaban. Keep-ACT2 was successful in 101 (88.6%) cases. Clinically relevant non-major bleeding was observed in 5 cases (4.4%). All 114 patients were using some drug affected by CYP metabolism, and the median number of affected cases was 5. Conclusion: Combined use of edoxaban for CAT may lead to sustainable therapy for gastroenterological cancer patients who are administered several drugs.
COVID-19 Screening of Breast Cancer Patients During Treatment: A Single Center Experience in Japan
Authors: YOSHIMOTO NOBUYASU , TAKAYAMA SATORU , SAKAMOTO MASAKI , ISHIKAWA KEN , KATADA TAKEYASU , KAWATE AKIFUMI , TAKURA KOHEI , TAKAYAMA SHORYU , YAMASHITA MASAKATSU , YAMAMOTO SHINYA , YOKOYAMA KIOTO , KANI HISANORI
Published: November 2021

Background/Aim: Breast cancer treatment mainly involves interventional methods such as surgical resection and chemotherapy. How to best perform these treatments during the COVID-19 pandemic remains to be established. Patients and Methods: Patients with breast cancer who received SARS-CoV-2 PCR screening before cancer treatment from December 2020 to April 2021 were included. PCR screening was performed within 72 hours of the scheduled admission time and treatment. Results: A total of 19 tests in 15 patients were analysed. Fourteen cases displayed no symptoms, and five cases had some symptoms. COVID PCR tests were negative in all cases. Conclusion: COVID-19 screening can ensure that breast cancer patients do not miss scheduled treatments as a result of the pandemic. Diagnosis of patients with symptoms that are shared by COVID-19 infection, chemotherapy, and breast cancer recurrence must be performed carefully.
Understanding Health Empowerment From the Perspective of Information Processing: Questionnaire Study
Authors: Jiang Fei , Liu Yongmei , Hu Junhua , Chen Xiaohong
Published: November 2021

Background

Massive, easily accessible online health information empowers users to cope with health problems better. Most patients search for relevant online health information before seeing a doctor to alleviate information asymmetry. However, the mechanism of how online health information affects health empowerment is still unclear.

Objective

To study how online health information processing affects health empowerment.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire study that included 343 samples from participants who had searched online health information before the consultation. Respondents' perceptions of online information cues, benefits, health literacy, and health empowerment were assessed.

Results

Perceived argument quality and perceived source credibility have significant and positive effects on perceived information benefits, but only perceived argument quality has a significant effect on perceived decision-making benefits. Two types of perceived benefits, in turn, affect health empowerment. The effects of perceived argument quality on perceived informational benefits and perceived decision-making benefits on health empowerment are significantly stronger for the high health literacy group than the low health literacy group (t269=7.156, P<.001; t269=23.240, P<.001). While, the effects of perceived source credibility on perceived informational benefits and perceived informational benefits on health empowerment are significantly weaker for the high health literacy group than the low health literacy group (t269=–10.497, P<.001; t269=–6.344, P<.001). The effect of perceived argument quality on perceived informational benefits shows no significant difference between high and low health literacy groups.

Conclusions

 In the context of online health information, perceived information benefits and perceived decision-making benefits are the antecedents of health empowerment, which in turn will be affected by perceived argument quality and perceived source credibility. Health literacy plays a moderating role in the relationship of some variables. To maximize health empowerment, online health information providers should strengthen information quality and provide differentiated information services based on users' health literacy.
A Decision Making Context
Authors: Achuthan M. Radh
Published: November 2021

None
ДАХИН БОЛОВСРУУЛСАН АСФАЛЬТБЕТОН ХОЛЬЦЫН ХИМИЙН БОЛОН ЭРДСИЙН БҮТЭЦ, НАЙРЛАГЫН СУДАЛГАА
Authors: Энхбаатар Д. , Цэцгээ М. , Болд Б. , Эгшиглэн Э. , Ганбилэг Д. , Ганзориг Ч.
Published: November 2021

Монгол орны замын эвдрэлээс нь хамааруулан бүсчилсэн 2 байршлаас замын суурийн үе болон шинээр зам тавихад ашиглаж буй дахин боловсруулсан хольцын химийн болон эрдсийн бүтэц, найрлагыг харьцуулан судлав. Дээжүүдийн элементийн агуулгыг ICP-OES, EDS болон XRF, гадаргуугийн бүтэц морфологийг SEM, эрдсийн бүтэц найрлагыг XRD, ширхэглэлийн бүрэлдэхүүний тархалтыг TIMA анализын аргуудаар тодорхойлсон. Дээж бэлтгэлийг хатаагч, ялгаатай 2 хэмжээст бутлуур болон нунтаглагч ашиглан ширхэглэлийн бүрэлдэхүүний тархалтыг тодорхойлоход дундаж хэмжээсийн утга 83.9 μм байсан.Туршилтад сонгосон дээжүүдэд нийт 42 элементийн агуулга, 21 эрдсийн бүтэц найрлагыг тодорхойлсон. Чанарын болон тоон шинжилгээний анализын үр дүнг боловсруулан хөрсний элементийн болон эрдсийн тодорхойлогдсон нийт агуулгаар тооцоход дээжүүдэд 5.31% алдаа бүхий 96.11% дундаж утгатай байсанг тогтоосон. XRD анализын дүнд 6% цементээр бэхжүүлсэн хольцын найрлагад алит, белит, морденит, хлорит шинээр илэрч, харин кварц, кальцит, гөлтгөнө нэлээд хувиар ихсэж гарсан нь дүүргэгч материалын гадаргууг гидратжих урвалаас үүссэн нэгдлүүд бүрхэн цементэн төст хагас-байгалийн төрхтэй болсон болсон гэж тодорхойлов.Эвдрэлтэй замын хуучин суурийн материалыг дахин боловсруулан асфальтбетон хучилт бүхий шинэ зам тавихад ашиглахдаа цементийг бэхжүүлэгчээр ашигласан нь хольцод гидратжих болон пуццоланы урвал явагдсан байх боломжит механизмыг кварц, альбит, анортит болон хлорит эрдсүүдийн эзлэх хувь мэдэгдэхүйц их хэмжээгээр нэмэгдсэн ба мөн дээжүүдэд гематит болон магнетит эрдсүүдийн агуулга эрс багасаж гарсан судалгааны үр дүнтэй холбон тайлбарлав. Энэ дүгнэлт нь нунтаг эрдсийн мөхлөг болон дүүргэгчийн хооронд гидратжих болон пуццоланы урвал дараалан явагдаж хөрсөнд цементэн төст болон пуццоланы нэгдлүүд үүссэн байх таамаглалыг дэвшүүлэв.
ХЕПАТИТИЙН ДЕЛЬТА ВИРҮСИЙН ХАЛДВАРЫГ ИЛРҮҮЛЭХ ГАДАРГУУГИЙН ПЛАЗМОН РЕЗОНАНС ДЭЭР ҮНДЭСЛЭСЭН ОНОШЛУУРЫГ ЗОХИОН БҮТЭЭХ
Authors: Номин А. , Номин-Эрдэнэ Э. , Бадмаараг M. , Хулан Н. , Эрдэнэ Н. , Одгэрэл О.
Published: November 2021

Монгол улс хепатит вирүсийн халдварын тархалт болон элэгний өвчлөлөөс шалтгаалсан нас баралтын тоогоороо дэлхийд нэгдүгээрт, элэгний өвчлөлөөрөө найм дугаарт эрэмбэлэгдэж байна. Элэгний өвчлөл их байгаагийн нэг том шалтгаан нь хепатит дельта вирүсийн (ХДВ) халдвар юм. Гадаргуугийн плазмон резонансын (ГПР) оношлуурыг ашиглан ХДВ-ийг оношлох шинжилгээг хийвэл бодит хугацааны анализ явуулан шинжилгээний хариу хурдан гарах ба мэдрэг чадвар харьцангуй өндөр, нэмэлт молекул ашиглахгүй, дахин хэрэглэж болох зэрэг олон давуу талтай. ГПР-ын оношлуурыг угсрахдаа алтны нано бөөм болон балк (bulk) бүтэцтэй алт ашиглан хоёр төрлийн оношлуур бэлтгэн тус тус харьцуулан судалсан. Алтны нано бөөмийг сонгодог Туркевичийн аргаар 32 ± 19 нм болон 60 ± 8 нм хэмжээтэй синтезлэн гаргаж, меркаптоандеканы хүчлийн (MUA) холбогчийг фосфатын буфер орчинд Tween 20 - ыг физисорбцилож тогтворжуулан холбосон. Урвалын дараа алтны нано бөөмийн гадаргуу дээр карбоксил функционал бүлэг суусан. Гадаргуу дээрх функционал бүлгийг 1-Этил-3-(3-диметиламинопропил)кабодиимид/Н-Гидроксисукцинимид (EDC/NHS) биохолбогчдын тусламжтай урвалын идэвхтэй завсрын бүтээгдэхүүнрүү шилжүүлж ХДВ-ийн эсрэгтөрөгч уурагтай ковалент холбоогоор холбосон. Ийнхүү амин бүлэг суулган идэвхжүүлсэн шилэн дээр ХДВ-ийн эсрэгтөрөч бүхий алтны нано бөөмийг холбон эхний оношлуур бэлэн болсон. Балк (bulk) бүтэцтэй алт ашигласан оношлуурыг угсрахдаа плазма спуттер багажаар 50 нм орчим зузаантай алтны нимгэн үе суулгасан ба пирана уусмалаар алтны гадаргууг идэвхжүүлж гидроксил бүлэг суулгасан. Үүний дараа MUA холбогчоор карбоксил функционал бүлэгтэй болгон өмнөх туршилтын адил EDC/NHS биохолбогчдыг ашиглан ХДВ-ийн эсрэгтөрөч уургийг алтны нимгэн үетэй холбосон. оношлуурын холболтууд бүрэн явагдаж, угсралт амжилттай болсныг фотоны хөндлөн корреляцын спектроскоп, хэт ягаан/үзэгдэх гэрлийн спектрофотометр, нил улаан туяаны спектрометр, энергийн дисперсийн рентген спектрийн багажит анализаар баталсан. Угсарсан оношлуурын ажиллагааг баталгаажуулахын тулд ELISA арга зүйг ашиглан өнгөний хувирал болон шингээлтийн эрчмийг хэмжин тодорхойлсон. ГПР-ын багажийг Лазерын судалгааны төвд шинээр угсран, эерэг болон сөрөг дээж дээр харьцуулан хэмжилт явуулахад шингээлтийн эрчим болон өнцгийн шилжилтийн ялгаатай үр дүн гарсан. Энэ нь оношлуур дээр холбосон ХДВ-ийн эсрэгтөрөчтэй дээж буюу ийлдэс дэх ХДВ-ийн эсрэгбие холбогдож бидний оношлуур ажиллаж байгааг баталсан.Бид судалгааны ажлаараа ХДВ-ийг оношлох ГПР-ын технологид суурилсан оношлуурын хоёр төрлийн загварыг бүтээсэн ба ХДВ-ийн халдварыг оношлож эрт илрүүлснээр элэгний хатуурал, элэгний дутагдал, элэгний хавдраар нас баралтыг бууруулах боломжтой юм.
ИРГЭДИЙН ШИЛЖИЛТ ХӨДӨЛГӨӨН, СОНГОГЧДЫН ТООНЫ ШИНЖИЛГЭЭ
Authors: Барсболд Б.
Published: November 2021

Энэ судалгааны хүрээнд сүүлийн 20 шахам жилийн аймаг хот, нийслэлийн хүн амын тооны статистик мэдээлэлд тулгуурланшилжилт хөдөлгөөний матрицыг тооцоолж гаргаж авсан. Мөн оноос он дамжих зуурт насны бүлэг хоорондын шилжилтийг тооцох насжилтын магадлалын хүснэгтийг үнэлж тогтоосон. Эдгээр үр дүнд тулгуурлан 2019-2025 оны хүн амын тоог насны ангилал, засаг захиргааны харьяаллаас хамааруулж тооцоолсон прогноз гаргав. 2020, 2021 он нь УИХ, ерөнхийлөгчийн сонгуулийн жил тул дээрх 2 тооцооллын үр дүнг нэгтгэж, аймаг, хотын хэмжээнд сонгогчдын тоог насны ангилалтайгаар тооцсон. Боловсруулсан аргачлалд тулгуурлаад сум, хороо дүүрэг, сонгуулийн тойрог зэрэг жижгэрүүлсэн болон бүс нутаг гэх мэт томсгосон аль ч ангиллаар хүн амын насны ангилалтай тоон үзүүлэлтийг тооцоолж, тодорхойлох бүрэн боломжтой. Зөвхөн сонгуулиар зогсохгүй урт хугацааны аливаа төлөвлөлтөд энэхүү боловсруулсан аргачлалыг нэвтрүүлэх бүрэн боломжтой.
ГАРАЛ НЭГ ҮГИЙГ ҮСГИЙН ДАРААЛАЛД ТУЛГУУРЛАСАН seq2seq ЗАГВАРААР ҮҮСГЭХ НЬ
Authors: Цолмон З. , Хуягбаатар Б. , Амарсанаа Г.
Published: November 2021

Аливаа хэл хооронд оршдог бичлэг болон дуудлага төстэй, ижил утгатай гарал нэг үгсийг тодорхойлох нь компьютер хэл шинжлэлийн даалгаварт хэрэглэх хэлний шинэ нөөцийг үүсгэх боломжийг олгож байна. Энэ ажлаар үгийн үсгийн дараалалд тулгуурлан гарал нэг үгийг автоматаар үүсгэх аргыг боловсруулахыг зорьсон юм. Бид төстэй болон өөр үсэгтэй таван хос хэлний хувьд гарал нэг үгсийг үүсгэх seq2seq гүн сургалтын загварыг гаргалаа. Сургасан загварыг үүсгэсэн үгийн тэмдэгтийн зөрүүгээр үнэлэхэд дунджаар 0.73 магадлалтайгаар гарал нэг үгсийг зөв үүсгэж чадсан.
Examination of the composition and microorganisms in the oral microflora with to Immunological parameters identification of Saliva
Authors: SABAH Abdulrazaq Mohammad , NATALIYA Ikonnikova
Published: November 2021

The oral mucosa is a mucous membrane that connects the lips to the pharyngeal and gastrointestinal mucosa. Its particular properties enable it to function as a gatekeeper, regulating the impact of inhaled and ingested antigens, and the degrees of inflammation and immunological responses tolerated in a normal healthy mouth cavity. The objectives of this study are to: (1) quantification of the composition of the oral micro flora in individuals of 18-50 years old; (2) examination of the oral cavity microorganisms (culture-morphological and microscopic studies); and (3) determination the biochemical parameters (lysozyme concentration, active acidity level) of the oral fluid (saliva). The research evaluated 65 people between the ages of 18 and 50. Swabs from the oral cavity (within the cheeks) were used to inoculate agar media (MPA, Endo medium). Colonies (CFU) on the agar medium's surface were counted and converted to an area of the oral cavity (4 cm2). The oral fluid was collected in the morning, on an empty stomach, before brushing the teeth, into a sterile test tube with a tight-fitting cover. This was done by thoroughly cleaning the individual's mouth with a sterile 0.9% NaCl solution. We used indicator strips of paper with pH ranges of 5.4–7.8, 0.2 steps. Oral fluid centrifuged (2000 rpm for 20 min). Indicator paper was dropped over the supernatant and the pH was calculated using a standard scale. Saliva from patients was collected in 1 ml polyethylene tubes, diluted 1:1 with saline, and centrifuged for 10 minutes at 1500 rpm. We studied the slurry. For this reason, the measurements are done in calibrated test tubes with 3 ml of the investigated lysozyme solution each time. The control is 0.5 M phosphate buffer. The research revealed that those with periodontitis and caries had pH alterations in their saliva. This group's pH was 5.03. Compared to the healthy group, the pH decreased. The results showed that individuals with dental and periodontal issues had substantially lower levels of Lysozyme than healthy people. A severe decrease of nonspecific oral tissue resistance lowers oral fluid resistance to pathogens. Morover, Oral bacteria were all Amoxicillin resistant. Lactobacillus.
Conservative compact difference scheme based on the scalar auxiliary variable method for the generalized Kawahara equation
Authors: Chen Hongtao , He Yuyu
Published: November 2021

In this paper, a conservative compact difference scheme for the
generalized Kawahara equation is constructed based on the scalar
auxiliary variable (SAV) approach. The discrete conservative laws of
mass and Hamiltonian energy and boundedness estimates are studied in
detail. The error estimates in discrete
$L^{\infty}$-norm and $L^2$-norm of the
presented scheme are analyzed by using the discrete energy method. We
give an efficiently algorithm of the presented scheme which only needs
to solve two decoupled equations.
Why positive results from protein test strips in urine samples in men can put the patient's health at risk due to over-treatment
Authors: Diamandis Dr. Carolina , Abbas Yousef , Feldman Jonathan
Published: November 2021

Testing for microscopic blood traces, protein and other parameters by
means of test strips has been a standard method in general medical and
urological practices for years, but also in private settings. We report
a potential source of error in the measurement of protein content of
urine in men, which has never been addressed in the manufacturer’s
instructions or in other publications.
A Modified Strain Gradient Beam Constraint Model
Authors: Arhami Mohammad , Moeenfard Hamid
Published: November 2021

The objective of this paper is to develop a modified strain gradient
beam constraint model (MSGBCM) to improve modeling accuracy of
small-scale compliant mechanisms. First, a simple nano/micro flexure
beam under the effect of end loads is considered. The virtual work
principle is employed to formulate the load-displacement behavior of the
system based on the modified strain gradient theory. It is observed that
as the size of the structure becomes smaller, the elements of the
elastic stiffness and load stiffening matrices severely deviate from
their corresponded values in the beam constraint model (BCM). Then, a
closed-form expression is proposed for the nonlinear strain energy of
the nano/micro flexure beams in terms of their tip displacements. This
energy expression is then utilized to model load-displacement
relationship of micron/submicron size parallelogram (P) flexures.
Moreover, analytical formulas are derived for the axial, transverse and
rotational stiffnesses of P-flexures. The most important observation is
that the axial stiffness loss of small-scale P-flexures resulted from
the movement of the stage in the transverse direction, may be seriously
overestimated by the BCM. The MSGBCM developed in this paper can be
easily extended for investigating static and dynamic behavior of more
complex micron and submicron size flexure units.
Non-disruptive method to estimate the volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient (kLa) throughout a fermentation
Authors: Mercado Elliot , Mbiki Sarah , Harcum Sarah , Gilmore Jordon
Published: November 2021

In the biopharmaceutical industry, accurate prediction of the oxygen
uptake rate (OUR) by the cells is critical to understanding cell health.
Accurate estimation of the oxygen transfer rate (OTR) presents a
significant challenge in predicting OUR, and OTR is dependent on the
volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient (ka). Often
ka is assumed to be constant throughout a fermentation
and estimated from experiments using no cells and in a buffer solutions.
Yet, it is well-known that additions (i.e., glucose, base, and
antifoam), cell secretions, and stir speed markedly effect
ka. Currently, there are three standard methods used to
estimate ka; however, all three have significant
issues. This rapid communication describes a novel, non-disruptive
method to estimate ka by modulating the gas flow rate.
This approach allowed accurate ka estimates at multiple
times throughout Escherichia coli batch fermentations using a
non-disruptive technique, thus lowering the risk of losing a
fermentation due to inadequate oxygenation.