bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
«GOOD GOVERNANCE» PRINCIPLE IN THE REFORM OF PORT FORMALITIES IN UKRAINE
Authors: Surilova A. О.
Published: October 2021

The article is dedicated to the identification of opportunities and directions for improving the legal and organizational support for the implementation of administrative formalities in the seaports of Ukraine. The urgency of the research issue is due to the need to build an updated concept of port formalities and the lack of modern legal research in the field of improving the clearing mechanisms of ships in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to determine the possibilities of applying the principle of ‘good governance’ for the formation of an updated organizational and legal means for the registration of ships in seaports of Ukraine. The methodological basis of the research is formed by a system of general scientific and special legal methods of scientific knowledge (historical, dialectical, analysis and synthesis, scientific abstraction, forecasting). In the article, the legal and regulatory framework for simplification of port procedures in Ukraine is analyzed and the importance of quality organization of its implementation is emphasized. The general terms of the ‘good governance’ principle and the possibility of its application in the port industry of Ukraine are outlined. It is noted that establishing an effective dialogue between governmental authorities, businesses and the public in order to constitute an updated concept of port formalities is currently a leading task for the Ministry of Infrastructure, the Maritime Administration and the Ukrainian Sea Ports Authority. It is concluded that nowadays the ‘good governance’ principle is gradually and mostly declaratively introduced into the sphere of organizational and legal support of port formalities in Ukraine. Some single steps have been taken to simplify the clearance of ships in seaports, but good initiatives are usually overdue, expensive and inadequate, and the principle of good governance still awaits implementation not only in legislation and law enforcement, but also in the minds of politicians and civil servants.
ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL REGULATION OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS AND SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Kryvoruchko O. Yu. , Shevchenko M. S.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the issues of improving the administrative and legal regulation of inclusive education in institutions of preschool education and secondary education instituions in Ukraine. Addressing this topic is certainly relevant due to the fact that, firstly, inclusive education is a new institution for Ukrainian society and a real challenge for children, teachers and the legislator. Secondly, in the science of domestic administrative law there is no comprehensive study of Ukrainian sources of law in the field of inclusive education, which would also fully identify the challenges of this field. Thirdly, administrative and legal acts in the field of inclusive education, unfortunately, do not correspond to reality, have gaps in both the field of law and in the field of pedagogy. The authors set themselves the following tasks: to analyze the sources of law governing relations arising in the field of inclusive education in Ukraine; highlight the current challenges of the inclusive education in Ukraine and make suggestions on ways to overcome them. The methodology of this article includes: the method of analysis and synthesis, the systemic and functional approach, the historical method, abstraction, the comparative method, explanations, research interviews, modeling and forecasting methods. So, the authors of the article translated and studied the legislation of the State of Israel as a progressive country in the field of inclusion. To achieve the main goal of the research it was also conducted a survey among the heads of educational institutions in the city of Odessa, where currently inclusive groups or classes are functioning. This has identified challenges such as gaps in the most legally established procedure for opening inclusive groups and classes; providing schools and kindergartens with assistants who should help educators /teachers and children with special educational needs; the question of the number of children with special educational needs in a group or class and the nature of nosologies. Having studied each of the challenges in detail, the authors proposed appropriate changes and additions to the current legislation, which are detailed in the comparative tables. The conclusions of the article can be used both in research work for the further development of Ukrainian administrative law and in national lawmaking by making appropriate changes to Ukrainian legislation and the adoption of relevant legal acts regulating important issues in the field of inclusive education.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION OF MARITIME ACTIVITIES IN UKRAINE: PROBLEMS AND DECISIONS
Authors: Averochkina T. V.
Published: October 2021

The article characterizes the current state and problematic aspects of public administration  of maritime and related port activities in Ukraine. The urgency of the issue is due to the  ongoing crisis in the legal and administrative regulation of these areas. The aim of the article  is to establish optimal models and tools for constructing a new system of public administration  of the maritime industry, taking into account international standards and best practices. The  methodological basis of the research is formed by a system of general scientific and special  legal methods of scientific research (historical, analysis and synthesis, scientific abstraction  and forecasting). The article draws special attention to the fact that the declared revival and  maintenance of the status of Ukraine as a maritime state, the development of its maritime  trade and naval potential can not occur only due to situational changes in response to crisis  events or to accelerate the decision of problems which have not been resolved for decades.  Here, a different, systemic approach to both legal regulation and the practice of implementing  the adopted legal norms should be introduced, a new approach to public administration of  the entire industry. The author classifies measures to overcome the port crisis in Ukraine into  financial, infrastructural and operational ones. It is proposed to repurpose the legal regulation  and law enforcement practices to support public sector entities and seafarers-citizens  of  Ukraine, as well as to simplify formalities in the ports of Ukraine. The relevance of the  concepts of anthropocentrism, service state and “good governance”, taking into account risk  management systems at all levels for the modernization of public administration of maritime  and port activities in Ukraine, is emphasized. The priority is to analyze the steps taken and  systematically update the current maritime and port legislation using a “package” approach to  its development. This approach enables to ensure that the interests of most maritime and port  stakeholders and the state are taken into account and balanced.
THE FALL OF THE BERLIN WALL: MEMORIES AND REFLECTIONS OF A WITNESS THIRTY YEARS LATER
Authors: Ligustro Aldo
Published: October 2021

On 9 November 2019 the thirtieth anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall which is undoubtedly the most important historical event since the end of the Second World War was celebrated almost all over the world. First of all, this article is dedicated to the historical events that led to the division of Germany in the immediate post-war period, to the evolution of relations between the two Germanys and, at a global level, between the two opposing blocs at the time of the “cold war” up to the fall of the Wall, on behalf of which the author, who was residing in Berlin at the time, also provides direct testimony. In the second part he moves on to examine the short and long term effects of the fall of the Wall for Germany, for Europe and for the whole world. The multiple problematic aspects are highlighted at each of these levels: a) in particular, with regard to the internal events in Germany, attention falls both on the juridical aspects of reunification (whether it was a matter of reunification on an equal basis or rather an “annexation” of the conquered state by the winner) and the social ones (whether the process of social reunification and cohesion – compared with the analogous processes that have taken place in Italy between North and South – can be said to be complete and successful); b) at the European level the influence that German unification has exerted on the integration process is analyzed. The institution of the single currency, the Euro, in the image and likeness of the old German Mark, as well as the expansion of the EU by accepting new members and attracting countries previously belonging to the Soviet bloc to the western one for mostly geopolitical reasons are definitely determined; c) finally, as regards international relations, the article follows the passage from the illusion of the “end of history” and the relaunch of the United Nations on the basis of values and objectives that are now common, thanks to the end of the Cold War, to the current reality of the “new cold war” and the “fragmented third world war”, characterized by the spread of numerous conflicts of different nature.
CRITERIA FOR RECOGNIZING THE EFFECTIVENESS / INEFFECTIVENESS OF PROVIDING LEGAL ASSISTANCE IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS ACCORDING TO THE JUDICIAL PRACTICE OF THE SUPREME COURT
Authors: Drozdovych N. L. Drozdovych
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the problems of practical implementation of the guaranteed right to defense in criminal proceedings. In particular, it emphasizes the relevance of the issue of the effectiveness of legal assistance, and thus the quality of such assistance in criminal proceedings. To study this issue, a comparative method of legal research was used, since empirical data from international judicial practice were used; as well as a scientific and practical method that provides for the processing of data from domestic judicial practice with subsequent analytical and generalizing processing of the selected examples of legal situations. The publication states the sufficiency of regulatory guarantees for the provision of legal assistance in criminal proceedings, which is declared by international documents and implemented in the national legal system at the level of general and sectoral legislation. First of all, the study considers the recommendations of the European Court of Human Rights on the content of Legal Aid and indicates the vectors of understanding its quality and effectiveness, formulatedin numerous decisions of this international judicial institution, which is considered wellestablished international judicial practice. Theoretical aspects of determining the effectiveness of legal assistance in criminal proceedings are also presented, as well as retrospective and modern understanding. Further, the criteria of this concept are summarized, and subsequently, attention is focused on domestic judicial practice, in particular the Criminal Cassation Court as part of the Supreme Court, as the highest court that ensures the unity of judicial practice. Based on this, criteria for the effectiveness of legal assistance were also generated, guided by specific examples from typical criminal proceedings. At the same time, legal situations are considered in practice, when legal assistance was recognized as ineffective, as well as cases of refutation of false allegations of the parties to criminal proceedings regarding the inadequate quality of legal assistance at various stages of criminal proceedings. As a result, within the scope of current judicial practice, an indicative list of criteria that can be used to determine the quality of legal
MAIN FUNCTIONS OF NOTARIAL SECRET IN UKRAINE
Authors: Ilieva N. V. , Kristeva E. A.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the functions of notarial secrecy as one of the fundamental starting structural components of the system of notarial activity in Ukraine. The functions of law play the most active role in the legal system of any state, because they are aimed at fulfilling the tasks facing society. The authors analyzed the concept, content and essence of the functions of notarial secrecy in Ukraine, revealed the legal nature, conducted a comprehensive analysis of the functions of notarial secrecy, procedural aspects related to them. Every day, thousands of citizens and representatives of legal entities apply to notaries and officials entrusted with the performance of certain notarial acts to certify agreements, certify copies of documents or perform other notarial acts. One of the fundamental principles of notarial activity – is the observance of notarial secrecy as the most important means of enabling a person to realize their autonomy, independence in this world, when each of us is surrounded by a huge number of people, bodies, organizations that show great interest in our lives. In carrying out his professional activity, a notary always gets acquainted with many facts of a person’s private life, without the knowledge of which it is impossible for him to exercise his notarial powers. A person must provide their documents in which information, the disclosure of which can create many problems in the future for both parties to the notarial process. We believe that the secret of notarial activity is designed to realize the privacy of a person. This rule exists in the legislation of many countries. The purpose of the article. Based on the study of scientific legal literature, achievements of scientists and scholars, regulations to establish the legal nature of the functions of notarial secrecy, identify gaps in the legal field, develop and propose ways of development, methods and ways to improve current legislation of Ukraine governing the institution of notaries in Ukraine.
PECULIARITIES OF USING INFORMATION AND ANALYTICAL SUPPORT OF OPERATIONAL SEARCH FOR SIGNS OF CRIMES RELATED TO HUMAN TRAFFICKING
Authors: Melnikova O. O. , Foros A. V.
Published: October 2021

The article emphasizes the fact that one of the most dangerous types of international criminal business that grossly violates the rights of the individual is human trafficking. According to United Nations experts, this type of crime ranks third in terms of profitability after drug and arms trafficking. The realities of today prove that the era of combating human trafficking through the use of long-known methods is over. They should be replaced by new methods of crime detection using information technology, specialized software with the involvement of specialized analysts. Effective counteraction, in particular to the prevention of crimes related to human trafficking, requires proper cooperation of units for combating crimes related to human trafficking, the National Police of Ukraine with other actors in combating such crimes and is impossible without studying and taking into account legal, organizational and tactical factors in the functioning of operational units. Research carried out in this area also requires a comprehensive approach. The article considers the current state and problems of organizational and analytical support of operational units during the operational search for signs of crimes related to human trafficking, determines its specifics, suggests ways for improving it as a management tool. The differences between the concepts of “information and analytical support” and “information support” are identified, it led to the conclusion that these concepts can not be identified due to the fact that they are different in nature and relate to each other as general and partial. To understand the essence of information and analytical work and information and analytical support, it is necessary to turn to the very concepts of analysis. Features of information support of operative search of signs of crimes connected with human trafficking are defined. Features of information and analytical support of operative search of signs of the crimes connected with human trafficking are opened, definition of its concept is offered.
ZMIYINY ISLAND: ECOLOGICAL RESOURCE WARS AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES
Authors: Tolkachenko E. V.
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the issues of determining the legal status of the islands and the continental shelf, the delimitation of sea spaces on the example of the dispute between Ukraine and Romania over the Zmiyiny Island. Although in the frameworks of this issue the line has been already drawn, it is still relevant and interesting from the point of view of its solution, the legal status of the island, as well as legal, organizational and environmental consequences. The definition of the concepts “island” and “continental shelf” in the international law, as well as related to this the establishment of the legal status of the Zmiyiny Island was analyzed. The organizational and legal foundations in order to regulate the usage of the continental shelf and the island according to the environmental legislation of Ukraine were investigated. The decision of the International Court of Justice regarding the dispute between Ukraine and Romania over the Zmiyiny Island, its legal, organizational and environmental consequences was examined. While the research the following conclusions were made: there are gaps in the international law concerning the status of the island and the establishment around it of the certain and clearly delineated maritime spaces, the geographical features of the islands are not taken into account, etc. Currently the national legislation does not consolidate the definition of the concept of the “continental shelf”. And even if we take into account that the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea is a part of the national legislation, its norms are quite general. There is a need to consolidate special norms of usage of the space under consideration (in particular, in Ukraine) in order to avoid similar precedents in the future, because presently the disputed territories and objects unfortunately already exist in our country. As the research showed, this dispute had not only economic consequences – the loss of the continental shelf around the island, financial losses during its surface development, environmental consequences – a negative impact on the environment of the Zmiyiny Island, which is important for the migrating birds, thereby violating the obligations associated to the entry of the island into the register of European territories important for the protection of the birds (IBA), etc. It should be noted that now the Zmiyiny Island could be used for the tourist purposes, but only as an object of the green (ecological) tourism, which has a unique ecosystem that requires a special protection.
TERMINOLOGY OF INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS WITH THE PARTICIPATION OF UKRAINE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF SOCIAL SECURITY AGREEMENTS)
Authors: Phedinyak H. S.
Published: October 2021

Ukraine is a party to many international agreements. International bilateral agreements on social security are among them. These contracts, like any other, must be of good quality. The quality of international agreements is achieved through the use of legislative techniques. Legislative technique involves the correct use of terminology. This article analyzes, in particular, the provisions of the Agreement between Ukraine and the Portuguese Republic on Social Security of 7 July 2009 and the Agreement between Ukraine and the Kingdom of Spain on Social Security of 7 October 1996 and demonstrates incorrect use of terminology in their text. The text of these international bilateral agreements needs to be changed. Some of the conclusions: the language of the international agreement with the participation of Ukraine must comply with the principles of scientificity and publicity. Legal terminology should not be confused with commonly used terms. Terms of private international law are mandatory for use in international agreements involving Ukraine, the rules of which regulate private law relations with a foreign element. No need to use unnecessary words in the text of an international agreement. It is not always advisable to translate the foreign text of an international agreement literally. The text of an international agreement should not be confusing, superficial. It should be complete, comprehensive, and concise. Each norm must be completed and meet the objectives of the international agreement.
Genetic Profiling of PHKA2 Gene and its Association with Udder Type Traits in Indian Dairy Cattle
Authors: Togla Oshin , Deb S.M. , Kadyan Sagar , Nandhini P.B. , Kumar Sushil , George Linda
Published: October 2021

Background: The experiment aimed to investigate polymorphisms in exon 2 of the PHKA2 gene and investigate the relationship between identified single nucleotide polymorphism and udder type traits in Sahiwal cows. Udder morphometry is being used as a forecaster of production performance in cows since older times. Finding the variants associated with these traits in largely variable region of PHKA2 gene can prove to be highly beneficial. Methods: DNA isolated from Sahiwal cows was analysed by DNA sequencing. Nine udder type and five teat types were measured for each animal according to procedure followed by International committee of animal recording (2012). Result: Three SNPs g.124497381C greater than T, X:124497248 G greater than A and X:124497189 C greater than T were identified. Recessive homozygotes were negligible as mutant allele exhibited very low ranging frequency (from 0.02 to 0.08) for the targeted loci. Identified point mutation g.124497381C greater than T was found to be significantly (p less than 0.05) associated with distance between teats and central ligament, SNP X: 124497248G greater than A with rear udder width, fore udder attachment, udder depth, udder length and teat length (p less than 0.05) and SNP X: 124497189 C greater than T with udder length and rear udder height (p less than 0.05). Interaction of identified SNPs and udder traits highlighted the gene’s potential as a candidate gene for selecting for conformation traits in Indian Sahiwal cattle.
Performance of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) Genotypes towards Growth, Yield and UPOV Properties
Authors: Yaldiz Gulsum , Camlica Mahmut
Published: October 2021

Background: Genetic diversity is referred to the diversity present within different genotypes of same species, serves as the most valuable reservoir in providing variability for various traits. This variability would provide a basis for improving the crop in breeding program. The present study aimed to assessment of genetic diversity and selection of superior genotypes for fenugreek breeding. Methods: In this study, 75 fenugreek genotypes with cultivars (Çiftçi and Gürarslan) were used and these genotypes were established in augmented trial design. Each genotype was analyzed for morphological and yield traits and nineteen traits were scored according to the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV). Result: As a result of the study, PI 568215 and PI 577712 were noted as promising genotypes for seed yield and protein content, respectively. Dendrogram analysis showed that same origin genotypes were found in different main groups. Correlation analysis revealed that 22 positive or negative correlations were found among the examined properties. PCA analysis results were found among the examined properties and total variation was noted as 39.95%.
Message from Executive Editor
Authors: Celik Nur Demirbas
Published: October 2021

Dear reader,

 

We are thrilled to publish Volume 11, Number 1 of the Global Journal of Guidance and Counseling: Current Perspectives. As expected, we have carefully selected top-notch articles ranging in a variety of trending issues in the field of guidance and counselling. With topics represented from North Cyprus, Morocco, Albania, Croatia and Ethiopia, Volume 11, Number 1 promises to expand your knowledge in current issues.

The COVID-19 pandemic is still in full force and we are doing our best to keep you updated and informed. This particular issue presents the results of studies carried out in the following topics:  Examining the relationship between the school climate and motivation of teachers who work in primary and secondary schools; Correlations of self-esteem with academic competencies and gender variations; Psychosocial challenges of single parenthood students: In the case of Hosanna Primary School, Ethiopia; Play therapy in the prevention of behavioural disorders of school-aged children; The relationship between internet addiction and psychopathological variables among students of Albania’s Universities.

Our authors have once again proved themselves worthy of admiration. The quality of papers they submitted helped us to maintain our standard as a highly renowned journal and we would like to thank them specially. We commend the efforts of our professional reviewers and our publishing team as well.

While you read, we hope you are motivated to submit quality papers that can add to the body of existing knowledge. Enjoy reading!!

 

Best regards

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nur Demirbas Celik, Executive Editor

Alanya Alaadin Keykubat University, Turkey
Improving Rural Sanitation in Challenging Contexts
Authors: Tillett Will , Jones Oliver
Published: October 2021

Of the two billion people worldwide lacking access to at least basic sanitation, seven out of ten live in rural areas. Progress has been made on increasing rural sanitation and access levels are rising, but barriers remain in reaching the ‘last mile’ or some 10 to 20 per cent of the population who live in the most challenging contexts. The factors affecting the ability of households to construct and use toilets, as well as the challenges sanitation programmes face in reaching specific groups, are highly diverse. Applying one-size fits all approaches has been proven not to work; therefore, we need more nuanced, adapted, and targeted approaches to capture the universality element of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and ensure that no one is left behind. However, we recognise that challenges can be persistent and there are limited documented examples of how to overcome these challenges at scale. The Sanitation Learning Hub, UNICEF, and WaterAid commissioned this study to map rural sanitation approaches in challenging contexts and the guidance currently being used, drawing out emerging experiences and lessons. It involved key informant interviews (KIIs) with 44 interviewees, and consulting over 180 documented resources. This Learning Brief provides an overview of the study findings.
Meningkatkan Keterampilan Komunikasi, Sikap Kerja Sama dan Penguasaan Konsep Siswa Melalui Implementasi Pembelajaran Inkuiri [Enhancing Communication Skill, Teamwork, and Student’s Mastery Concept Through the Implementation of Inquiry Learning]
Authors: Pardosi Ita Minar Oktavia
Published: October 2021

Communication skills, cooperative attitude and mastery of concepts are very important for students to have. This research aims to know the increasing of communication skills, teamwork and student's mastery concept through inquiry learning model. This research was carried out using a quantitative approach through the experimental method of one group pre-test post-test. Data were obtained through 34 students in one class. The results showed that there were differences in communication skills, cooperative attitudes and mastery of students' concepts from before and after the implementation of inquiry learning, which was known from the increase in average scores and N-gain.
Mengembangkan Pengetahuan Metakognisi Anak Usia Dini di PG/TK Melalui Evaluasi Kegiatan Cerita-Rencana-Evaluasi dan Diskusi Hasil Karya [Improving Metacognition Knowledge in Early Childhood in PG/TK Using Evaluation of Story-Plan-Review and Portfolio Discussion]
Authors: Novebrita Indah
Published: October 2021

Metacognition skill is important for every individual to be able to understand their own way of thinking and to choose the most appropriate strategy for himself. Stimulation to develop metacognition skills in early childhood can be done through routine (Story-Plan-Review and Portfolio Discussion) which is a series of activities consisting of Metacognition components performed by children every day. This routine makes the children being trained to be able to think about how they think automatically because of habit factors. The result of metacognition knowledge assessment shows that 90% of respondents were able to identify things that they consider can facilitate themselves in doing a task, while 87% of respondents were able to identify the things that they perceive can complicate themselves in finishing a task. 87% of respondents can also explain that they have chosen to do things that they consider can make it easier and try to avoid or find a way out to deal with difficult things when completing a task. 12 students who are able to answer 9 questions from 10 questions asked by researcher about metacognition knowledge are the students that present at least 88% of total effective days in academic year. From the findings above it can be concluded that metacognition can be developed in early childhood through routine activities.
Accompagner la découverte scientifique des arbres par de jeunes élèves (Creil, France)
Authors: CANDELIER Kévin , MOUELLE Peggy , OCANA Annie , BATTEUX Mathilda , MANZANARES Élisabeth , CLAIR Patrice , ANSOUR Ange
Published: October 2021

Les enfants élaborent des représentations de la science et des scientifiques dès les premières années de l'école primaire. À ce niveau scolaire, les élèves qui participent à des activités expérimentales, encadrées par des enseignants et des scientifiques, bénéficient d’un autre regard sur la recherche et se projettent davantage dans les pratiques scientifiques. Avec l’appui du Centre de recherches interdisciplinaires, de la Cité éducative de Creil, et l’intervention d’un chercheur en science du bois, plusieurs classes des écoles élémentaires du Réseau d’éducation prioritaire de Creil se sont intéressées à la croissance des arbres, à la faveur d’un projet proposé par le dispositif « Savanturiers ». En se conformant à une séquence scientifique usuelle (observations, questionnements, bibliographies, élaboration des protocoles de recherche, recherche proprement dite, analyses et interprétations, conclusion et restitution), compatible avec les activités d’apprentissage en classe, enseignants et élèves se sont intéressés à la croissance des arbres. Leurs recherches se sont focalisées sur le rôle de la sève et de la résine dans l’arbre, mais aussi sur les manières dont les humains et d’autres êtres vivants peuvent transformer et valoriser ces substances naturelles produites par les arbres au cours de leur croissance. En combinant la recherche documentaire et l’appui pédagogique des enseignants, d’un chercheur et d’une guide nature, tout en favorisant le dialogue entre les élèves et ces intervenants, ce projet pédagogique innovant a rendu les élèves acteurs de leur propre apprentissage de la nature. Outre l’aspect scientifique lié à la croissance des arbres, les jeunes élèves ont développé leur curiosité, leur rigueur, leur esprit créatif et critique, notamment à la faveur d’une journée d’immersion en forêt et du suivi de très jeunes arbres en salle de classe. Enfin, les élèves ont su relier les connaissances acquises au cours de ce projet de pratique de la recherche à des questions environnementales d’actualité et d’intérêt commun telles que la photosynthèse et la captation du CO2, les rôles des arbres et de la forêt pour la biodiversité, les humains et l’environnement).
Descriptif technique du bois d'essence tropicale – Idéwa
Authors: GERARD et al. Jean
Published: October 2021

Extrait de l’Atlas des bois tropicaux – Caractéristiques technologiques et utilisationsJ. Gérard (coord), D. Guibal (au.), J.-C. Cerre (au.), S. Paradis (au.), et 40 auteurs, 2016.Éditions Quæ, 1000 p.

https://www.quae.com/produit/1408/9782759225521/atlas-des-bois-tropicaux
Vom Pferd zum Automobil
Authors: Furger Andres
Published: October 2021

Das Automobil besteht bis heute aus zwei Teilen, dem Chassis oder der Plattform mit dem oder den Motoren und der Karosserie. Dieses Buch rollt die Geschichte des zweiten Teils auf, gleicht ihn mit der technologischen Entwicklung ab und all das vor dem Hintergrund der Vorgeschichte, des Pferdewagens. So wird der epochale Wandel vom Pferd zum Automobil nachvollziehbar gemacht. Dazu gehört auch der gesellschaftliche Kontext: Im industrialisierten Europa des 19. Jahrhunderts dreht das Rad schneller, die Zeit wird hektischer, die Städte wachsen. Die Kutschenbauer gelten um 1900 zunächst als erfolgsverwöhnte und in Halbschlaf verfallen. Dann müssen sie mit nachziehen und den Chassis Kästen aufsetzen. Gross sind die strukturellen und mentalen Unterschiede zu den Chassis- und Motorenherstellern; dort die forschen, technikbegeisterten Ingenieure und Unternehmer mit ihren Grossbetrieben, hier die noblen Gestalter und Hersteller von massgeschneiderten Aufbauten. Dementsprechend sehen die frühen Automobile lange wie halbe Kutschen aus. Allmählich werden die Automobile stärker, leichter und schneller. Nach dem Abflauen der ersten Innovationswelle der Konstrukteure wachen die Karossiers um 1910 auf und bringen neue Karosserie-Formen auf den Markt. Derweil sind die Pferde in der Stadt an ihre Grenzen gekommen. Einen weiteren Schub weg vom Pferd bringt der Erste Weltkrieg. In den 1920er Jahren werden die exklusiven Kreationen der Karossiers zu fahrenden Skulpturen, die an „Concours d’Elégances“ Furore machen. Form und Funktion wachsen zusammen, das Automobil erreicht in den 1920er Jahren seinen ersten Höhepunkt. Wie bei den Equipagen 30 Jahre zuvor liegen aber wieder Höhepunkt und Fall nahe beisammen. Die Weltwirtschaftskrise von 1929/30 bricht vielen eigenständigen Karosseriebetrieben das Genick. Die Qualität ihrer Arbeit aber bleibt der Massstab und wird von den grossen Marken weitergeführt, die jetzt unter einem Dach ganze Autos bauen. Anfängliches Zögern gegenüber einer unterschätzten Innovation, langsames auf den Zug aufspringen, dann erfolgreiches Mitziehen? Einen solchen Pzozess im Sinne der disruptiven Technologie mit den entsprechenden Begleitphänomenen erleben wir heute wieder beim Wandel zur Elektromobilität.
Technical regulation for the values of hydraulic parameters of used metal pipes in order to extend the period of their use
Authors:   INCO-expert LLC, PRODOUS Oleg A. , TEREKHOV Lev D. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, YAKUBCHIK Petr P. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, CHERNIKH Alexander S. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University
Published: October 2021

Objective: To compare the characteristics of hydraulic potential in worn steel pipes with internal deposits subjected to cleaning by mechanical and chemical methods. Methods: Calculated dependencies are used for hydraulic calculation of new metal pipes and pipes with internal deposits. Results: A calculated dependence was obtained to determine the value of the inner diameter of pipes with any thickness of the layer of internal deposits. The concept of an efﬁcient pipeline is introduced and a comparison made of the values of head losses in new pipes and in pipes with internal deposits. A speciﬁc practical example is considered. For the given example, compare the values of energy consumption of pumping equipment for two methods of cleaning the inner surface of pipes. Measures are indicated to ensure the efﬁciency of operation of water supply networks. Practical importance: It is shown that the chemical method of technical regulation of the hydraulic characteristics of new steel pipes provides an extension of the period of their further use.
Some problems of assessing the dynamic crack resistance of structural steels
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, SMIRNOV Vladimir I. , KNOPOVA Tatiana A. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, MAYER Sergey S. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University
Published: October 2021

Objective: Solving the problem of determining the conditions for the onset and development of unstable fracture, which is extremely important for the development of methods for calculating the limiting states of structural elements, improving the dynamic testing schemes of materials and classifying steels according to their ability to resist fracture. Methods: Analytical methods for assessing the limiting state of structural elements are used. Results: A brief overview of the available test methods for structural steels for dynamic strength and crack resistance is given. The experience accumulated by domestic and foreign practices in testing steels for strength and crack resistance under high-speed loading is analyzed. The disadvantages of the existing methods for assessing the indicators of dynamic strength and resistance to brittle fracture are indicated. Practical importance: It is shown that along with the traditional methods for assessing strength based on safety factors, it is necessary to develop and apply new methods for assessing the limiting state of structural elements, including by the criteria of crack resistance
Predictive analytics of the technical condition of diesel locomotive systems using neural network predictive models
Authors:   Joint-Stock Company “Scientific-Research and Design-Technology Institute of Rolling Stock” (JSC VNIKTI), FEDOTOV Mikhail V. , GRACHEV Vladimir V. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University
Published: October 2021

Objective: Study of the possibility of carrying out predictive analysis of the technical condition of locomotive equipment using neural network predictive models enabling to plan the scope of equipment maintenance for routine types of maintenance and repair. Methods: A comparative assessment of the accuracy of forecasts made using a feedforward neural network and a recurrent network with an LSTM layer (Long Short-Term Memory) has been carried out. For training and test-ing of predictive models, we used the results of monitoring the parameters of the lubrication sys-tem of the 2TE116 (2ТЭ116) diesel locomotive by means of on-board diagnostics. Results: The aver-age interval for preventive inspections (TO-3) of locomotives in the existing locomotive mainte-nance system is 25–30 days, and therefore it is this interval that determines the minimum duration of the lead-in period, which the predictive model should provide. We have established that a mod-el based on a feedforward neural network provides sufficient accuracy only for short-term fore-casts with a lead period of no more than 1–3 days. With a further increase in the lead-in period, the error of the model res¬ponse increases to 10–15 %, which prevents it from being effectively used for solving practical problems associated with planning the operation of service locomotive depots. At the same time, the ave¬rage response error of the predictive model based on a recurrent net-work with an LSTM layer does not exceed 3,5–5 % over a 30-day lead-in period, so it can be used to plan the scope and timing of locomotive maintenance procedures. Practical importance: The possi-bility of using time-series analysis methods for predictive analytics of the technical condition of units and systems of a locomotive is shown. Predictive models based on recurrent neural networks with LSTM layers provide prediction accuracy and lead-in period sufficient for solving practical prob-lems that are associated with planning the scope and timing of locomotive maintenance.
Relevant issues of the technosphere safety in the process of using construction equipment
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, Zhongsheng Tang
Published: October 2021

Objective: Study of the technosphere safety issues relating to the use of construction equipment. Analysis of regulatory framework in this field. Methods: Study of the main causes of accidents in construction has been carried out. Results: Ways to minimize risks and examples of accidents that threaten the technosphere safety when using construction equipment are given. Practical im-portance: It has been established that it is necessary to reduce the risk of accidents due to human error.  This can be done in a variety of ways. For example, in order to avoid accumulated fatigue, one should provide a rational work and rest pattern, carry out professional selection when hiring, conduct tests, in particular for reality awareness, for personal qualities (level of responsibility, punc-tuality, etc.), and conduct professional retraining or qualification upgrade.  Regular employee health checks are necessary. It is important to learn how to predict the possible consequences  to pro-vide security of the decisions made.
Monitoring the technical condition of the railway track using the method of continuous recording of dynamic processes occurring due to the interaction between rolling stock and railway track
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, BORONENKO Yuriy P. , TRET’YAKOV Aleksandr V. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, RAKHIMOV Rustam V. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, ZIMAKOVA Mariya V. ,   Tashkent State Transport University, NEKRASOVA Anastasia V. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, TRET’YAKOV Oleg A. ,   Pushkin Leningrad State University
Published: October 2021

Objective: To develop the method to monitor the technical condition of the railway track. Me-thods: A strain-gauge wheel pair is used for continuous recording of vertical and lateral interaction forces in a dynamic wheel–rail system. Results: Stability margin factors of a wagon relative to de-railment have been determined and the defective (prone to derailment) sections of a railway track have been identified with the exact identification of their location (GPS coordinates) on the map using navigation devices. Practical importance: The developed monitoring method makes it possi-ble to promptly re¬gister and eliminate railway track defects
Conceptual basics of quality of life as the most important indicator of therapeutic and diagnostic process productivity
Authors: SHTYPINA Lidiya N. , KOSYRIKHINA Anna N. , STASEVICH Natalya Yu. , SIMONOV Sergey N. , BARANOV Alexander V.
Published: October 2021

We consider the main conceptual basic principles of the theory of assessing the quality of life (QoL) and the quality of life associated with health (HRQoL). We reveal the essence and socio-economic significance of the concept of “quality of life”, its semantic and operational fullness. We present the analysis of the essence of the “health-related quality of life” concept, its significance for evaluating the effectiveness of the therapeutic and diagnostic process, important aspects of the use of HRQoL tools in real clinical conditions, differences and orientation of non-specific and specific questionnaires used in medicine. It is noted that measuring the quality of life is an important component of interviewing a patient, involving him in treatment, making decisions about medical interventions and limiting the possibilities of modern medicine by suspending or stopping treatment, so as not to prolong life at any cost, but to improve subjective perceptions during the remaining life span. Making the quality of life measurable is a methodological task, since it cannot be directly displayed; the development of objective and subjective indicators is indicative here, but they should also be sensitive enough to changes to correctly assess the quality of life. At the same time, the development of questionnaires for measuring the quality of life is subject to quality assurance criteria that must be met in the research process. In conclusion, an example of comprehensive studies of the quality of life conducted at the Public Health and Healthcare Department of Medical Institute in Derzhavin Tambov State University, where a regional center for the study of the quality of life of various population groups, as well as the quality of life of patients suffering from various diseases, has been successfully operating in the last few years.
Stomach cancer rate dynamics and patterns in Tambov Region
Authors: GRIGOROVA Lubov I. , ZVONAREVA Ekaterina B. , GRANKINA Marina D.
Published: October 2021

Presented statistical data for the Tambov Region reflects the degree of morbidity and mortality from stomach cancer in various age groups, also gender and intergroup differences in prevalence of this disease. The data were taken in comparison with neighboring regions of the Central Federal District (Lipetsk, Voronezh and Ryazan Regions) for the period from 2014 to 2019. The age of the studied patients ranged from 20 to 79 years. We consider the risk factors for the occurrence of gastric tumor pathology, their influence and possible treatment methods, as well as the effectiveness of diagnosing the claimed pathology. The object of the study was statistical data provided by the Tambov Regional Oncological Dispensary. According to statistics, men in particular aged 50–55 and older prevail with registered stomach cancer. The Tambov Region has a minimal percentage of early stomach cancer detection compared to neighboring regions of the Central Federal District, while there is a slight decline in mortality during the first twelve months after its detection.
Stigmatization and social ostracism of patients with psoriasis: a qualitative phenomenological study
Authors: AGAFONOVA Yulia V. , SIMONOVA Daria L.
Published: October 2021

Stigma is generally defined as a sign of shame or discredit, which prevents the formation of normal relationships in the patient's life and leads to discrimination. Skin diseases often lead to rejection of patients due to esthetic features and negative effect on their lives. The purpose of this study was to describe and explain the social stigma and rejection faced by patients with psoriasis. The criteria for inclusion of participants were: men and women with a by dermatologist diagnosed psoriasis; valid medical history in the Tambov Regional Dermatovenereological Clinical Dispensary; 6 months duration of the disease course; aged 14 years and older; voluntary desire to participate in the study; no history of mental disorders and acute somatic diseases. Respondents were selected using a sample with maximum variation to cover the largest possible range of viewpoints. In this sampling method, people are selected to participate in a qualitative study of their personal experience with the phenomenon being studied. In-depth semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The present study shows that putting unfair labels on others was the experience of most participants, which led to psychological disorders or disruption of their interpersonal relationships. A sense of stigma leads to a decrease in self-esteem. Patients, as a rule, lived with fear, pain, uncertainty and hopelessness about the future, and also experienced feelings of rejection, discrimination, humiliation, prejudice, hatred and other negativity from others. The patients selected for the survey reported a pronounced sense of injustice as a result of communicating with people around them. It is obvious that stigmatization causes a violation of social interaction, suppresses the patient, causes a person to feel embittered, inferior, isolated and worthless, and also reduces his social status in the family and society. Participants in this study experienced poor family and social support. We found that there is no difference between men and women with psoriasis in terms of stigmatization and ostracism. Due to the obvious cosmetic side effects affecting both male and female bodies, psoriasis equally affects the stigmatization of both genders. We hope that the results of this study can be used to gain knowledge to solve problems, change the attitude of society, create motivation among researchers, create a good basis for qualitative research and ultimately contribute to improving the health of the population.