bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between organizational trust and organizational citizenship behaviors: Staff nurses’ perspective
Authors: Ghanem Atalla Amal Diab , Abdelaal Nevine Hassan
Published: August 2019

Background and objective: Individuals, who work in an organization where there is a high level of trust, perceive themselves as an important and valued part of this organization. With more enthusiasm, they come to work and are happier with their jobs. Thus, staff nurses’ organizational trust, which forms the basis of intra-organizational relationships, can affect their performance and help them to demonstrate organizational citizenship behaviors. The aim of this study was to assess organizational trust and organizational citizenship behaviors from staff nurses’ perspective. Also, to investigate the relationship between organizational trust and organizational citizenship behaviors at Alexandria Main University Hospital.Methods: A descriptive correlational design was utilized with convenient sample of staff nurses (n = 352) including staff nurses who works in units of medical care (n = 90), in units of surgical care (n = 120), and in critical care units (n = 142). Two tools were used to measure the study variables: Tool I: Organizational Trust Inventory (OTI). Tool II: Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale (OCBS).Results: The highest mean score of organizational trust was related to trust in managers, while, the lowest mean score was related to trust in organization. The highest mean score of organizational citizenship behaviors was related to conscientiousness, while the lowest mean score was related to sportsmanship.Conclusions and recommendations: Staff nurses perceived high organizational trust and moderate organizational citizenship behaviors. There is a strong positive high significant correlation between overall organizational trust and overall organizational citizenship behaviors as perceived by staff nurses. Continuous periodic training programs should be given for staff nurses in different healthcare units, to increase their awareness about organizational trust and how to demonstrate organizational citizenship behaviors.
The Influence of Family Factors on the Quality of Life of Children With Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 in West Java, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Analytic Study
Authors: Rumahorbo Hotma , Karjatin Atin
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND: Diabetes is a chronic disease that has a negative impact on the quality of life of children. Family should be a support system to help optimize the quality of life of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

PURPOSE: The study aims to analyze the influence of family conflict, number of children in the family, and depression in children on the quality of life of children with T1DM.

METHOD: The study employed a cross-sectional analytic design with a sample of 51 T1DM children with inclusion criteria being aged 4–18 years and currently undergoing outpatient care at the hospital. The measurement of quality of life used the KINDLR instrument, which consists of versions for children and parents. Depression was measured using the Children's Depression Inventory and diabetes-specific family conflict using the Revised Diabetes Family Conflict Scale. Multivariate analysis with multiple linear regression was performed to obtain a prediction model for the quality of life of children with T1DM.

RESULTS: The mean total scores of the quality of life for the children’s and parents’versionswere76.39 ± 13.27 and 78.64 ± 9.38, respectively. The mean score of diabetes-specific family conflictwas31.03 ± 9.28 with a min-max score of 19–50. Quality of life of children was not different between male and female (p = > .05). As many as 40% of the children experienced depression with ameanscoreof 8.28 ± 5.02. The quality of life of children for the parent-rated version had a positive correlation with the quality of life of children with r = .463 at p= .002. Depression was negatively correlated with the quality of life of children with r = -.287 at p =.025. Multivariate analysis shows interactionsbetweenfamily conflict and number of children in the family (p = .017) and depression (p = .050), both as the main factors affecting the quality of life of children.

CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Family conflict and the number of children in the family and depression in children were predictors of quality of life in children with T1DM. The results of the study have implications for the importance of nursing interventions in improving the ability of families of children with T1DM in handling diabetes-specific family conflict and efforts to prevent depression in children so that children can have better quality of life.
Knowledge Workers Mobility in Innovative Organizations: The Role of Individual Differences
Authors: Ibrahim Fallatah Mahmoud
Published: August 2019

The paper extends previous research on knowledge workers mobility by proposing that knowledge workers in innovative organizations have lower rates of mobility than those in other organizations. Further, I suggest that the extent to which knowledge workers in innovative organizations remain at their jobs depends on the personality of each worker. Drawing from the Big-Five model, I argue that knowledge workers who score high on extroversion and openness to experience are less likely to leave innovative organizations, whereas those who score high in agreeableness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism are more likely to leave such organizations. The paper offers some practical implications as well as some ideas for future research.
Harmonizing solubility measurement to lower inter-laboratory variance – progress of consortium of biopharmaceutical tools (CoBiTo) in Japan
Authors: Ono Asami , Matsumura Naoya , Kimoto Takahiro , Akiyama Yoshiyuki , Funaki Satoko , Tamura Naomi , Hayashi Shun , Kojima Yukiko , Fushimi Masahiro , Sudaki Hiroshi , Aihara Risa , Haruna Yuka , Jiko Maiko , Iwasaki Masaru , Fujita Takuya , Sugano Kiyohiko
Published: August 2019

The purpose of the present study was to harmonize the protocol of equilibrium solubility measurements for poorly water-soluble drugs to lower inter-laboratory variance. The “mandatory” and “recommended” procedures for the shake-flask method were harmonized based on the knowledge and experiences of each company and information from the literature. The solubility of model drugs was measured by the harmonized protocol (HP) and the non-harmonized proprietary protocol of each company (nonHP). Albendazole, griseofulvin, dipyridamole, and glibenclamide were used as model drugs. When using the nonHP, the solubility values showed large inter-laboratory variance. In contrast, inter-laboratory variance was markedly reduced when using the HP.
The problem of evaluating the expiration of the service life of the supporting structure of secondhand cranes
Authors: Rosochacki Włodzimierz
Published: August 2019

The right to safety of purchased goods is one of the most important consumer rights. Therefore, an accurate analysis of safety of machinery and equipment purchased on the secondary market is an extremely important issue. One of its elements should be the assessment of the degree of service live usage. In the case of cranes, the subject of such an assessment covers both the supporting structure of the device and its mechanisms and installations. Information on evaluation of the service life expiration of the secondhand cranes may be necessary and support the decision-making process associated with the purchase of the device. The paper deals with the problem of evaluating the expiration of the service life of the supporting structure of cranes coming from the secondhand market. The result of such evaluation makes it possible to determine whether the production capacity of a device has been exhausted. This forms the basis for the decisions on any possible further operation of the crane. The work presents an approach based on the provisions of standard ISO 12482: 2014. This document is the basis for service life evaluation for cranes. The approach presented in it makes the way of analysis dependent on the method used to collect operational data. In this paper the evaluation of service life expiration was prepared on the example of a ship to shore gantry cranes. These devices are characterized by particularly large dimensions and weight. Damage of their supporting structure can lead to the significant losses. Some of these devices change the location during operation. Therefore, it is important to know the current level of their service life usage. A case, in which the operational history of a device is not known, was considered. In the paper the special attention was paid to the methodology of estimating the load distribution coefficient. In order to describe the hypothetical load spectrum, triangular distribution was proposed. The results of the calculations for the structure of port cranes are presented and discussed.
REGULATION AS A GENERALLY APPLICABLE LEGAL ACT ISSUED FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A STATUTE
Authors: Stec Roman , Ciołek Łukasz , Roliński Marcin
Published: August 2019

The regulation shall be issued by the bodies indicated in the Constitution, based on a de-tailed authorization contained in the statute and for its implementation. The authorization should specify the body competent to issue a regulation, the scope of delegated issues and guidelines for the content of the act. The body authorized to issue a regulation shall not sub-delegate its competence in this area to another body (Article 92 of the Constitution). Such provision contained in the Constitution clearly defines the nature of regulations as implementing acts, requiring the detailed statutory authorization. The authorizing statute indicates that the regulation shall be issued by various bodies in cooperation. Cooperation may be based on consent (law specifies that the regulation will be issued "in agreement" or "in consultation"), or only on the expression of opinion.
LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF STATE JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES IN UKRAINE
Authors: Ratynska Iryna
Published: August 2019

The article analyzes the features of the existing legal framework of strategic management of state joint-stock companies in Ukraine. It was established that Ukraine has formed a regulatory framework for the management of state-owned companies, which is typical for a decentralized system of management of state-owned objects. It was covered that the for-mation of the modern regulatory framework of this activity took place in 3 stages. For all stages, it is characteristic that at each of them long-term planning of development of the public sector of the economy had declarative, exclusively formal character. It was found that on the one hand, in the current national legislation, at the state level of management of joint-stock companies of the public sector of the economy, an unlimited number of too detailed program and forecast documents are recorded. On the other hand, the priority and coordination of such documents have not been established. In addition, the attention is focused on the fact that in the national legislation there was a consolidation of the contradiction between the strategic and operational management of state joint-stock companies.
THE ESSENCE OF THE PUBLIC LAW ENTITIES
Authors: Chochowski Krzysztof
Published: August 2019

Public law entities play a significant role in a democratic legal state and its public administration system. They enable the active participation of an individual in the exercise of public authority and involvement in public affairs. They help to build a civil society and protect against the phenomenon of a crisis of democracy. Above all, however, they serve to protect human dignity as a source of freedom and human and civil rights. For this reason, the issue of determining their essence is important. It is not easy because it has undergone a metamorphosis over time and it is not one category.
This article presents considerations regarding the essence of public law entities. It pointed to the necessity of: possession of public rights by entities; recognition of their public-law subjectivity; granting them public authority; owning own cases carried out independently; being subject to state supervision.
BIOPIRACY, A BIOLOGICAL THEFT?
Authors: Gulati Riya
Published: August 2019

‘Biopiracy’ is an illegal appropriation of genetic resources or traditional knowledge by way of patents which restrict its future use. It has been observed in a lot of cases that the devel-oped countries make use of the biological resources or traditional knowledge of the devel-oping countries while inventing a new product. And when they claim a patent over their invention, they are denied of that monopoly right.
The term biopiracy itself suggests 'biological theft' however it is not always the case. A number of regulations have been made in favor of developing countries to protect their resources and traditional knowledge but at the same time, it is evident that the developed countries do not apply the traditional knowledge 'as it is', they go beyond it and carry out further research and experiment to develop a new product. The fact that the mere sub-stance in a new product is a part of traditional knowledge of a particular country is not a suitable ground to revoke the application of patent. In most of the cases, patents have been denied to the developed countries on the ground that there was no novelty in their product as the product has been developed by using developing country's traditional knowledge is not justified. The interest of the patentee should also be taken into consideration.
A STUDY ON CRIMINAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF THE RECIDIVIST AND ITS REMEDIAL ACTIONS REGARDING THE CRIMINAL LAW OF BANGLADESH
Authors: Islam Sunjida , Goswami Antora
Published: August 2019

In Criminology, recidivism is one of the most fundamental concepts. Recidivism connotes to an individual’s relapse into criminal behavior, which was already punished or has been the object of intervention. Recidivism is a criminal act that resulted in re-arrest, reconvic-tion or returns into jail with or without a new sentence after the prisoner’s release. Recidi-vism is measured through chronic criminal behavior leading to numerous re-arrests and re-imprisonments. Studies have found that more than one-half of the imprisoned have been served sentences for committing previous offenses. And the main reasons behind this are the habitual criminal behavior of the criminal, to short time of imprisonment and inade-quate measures taken by the penal institutions. Now in Bangladesh, recidivism is the most critical challenge to counterterrorism. Though the number of recidivists grows in the pris-ons of Bangladesh because of the gaps in the country’s judicial system, it is very essential to address them with a long aspect. The aim of this study is to explain the causes of the criminal behavior of the recidivist and suggest some recommendations for reducing recidi-vism from Bangladesh.
SCOPE OF RESPONSIBILITY OF THE LOCAL AND HEALTH RESORT TAX COLLECTOR
Authors: Nowak Ryszard
Published: August 2019

The collector is obliged to collect and transfer the local or health resort tax to the compe-tent tax authority. His liability is limited only to the amounts of fees he collected and not which he paid to the account of the body. He is not responsible for unpaid fees, although he is obliged to collect them. This scope of responsibility of the collector limits the effec-tiveness of collecting fees and may expose the taxpayer to negative consequences. The collector, who does not perform his duties and does not charge any fees, cannot be held responsible under this law regulations nor with fiscal penal liability.
LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF THE BUILDING AND THE TAX OBLIGATION UNDER THE REAL ESTATE TAX
Authors: Skrzypek - Ahmed Sylwia
Published: August 2019

In practice, doubts may arise both about the issue of the tax obligation under real estate tax, as well as its expiry, especially in the situation of demolition of buildings (or sale of real estate after construction). Taxpayers point out that an object deprived of one of the constitutive elements, such as walls or roof, is not a building and should not be taxed regardless of the duration of its demolition. The majority of administrative courts take the side of taxpayers, stating, among other things, that demolition works in a building are most often stretched in time, therefore the tax obligation may be extinguished before the end of demolition due to the demolition of the building's constitutive features under the Act . Thus, the expiry of the tax obligation may be related to depriving the building of one of the external building partitions (a load-bearing wall) or the roof. It is important, therefore, that the taxpayers carrying out the demolition (in the event of a dispute with the tax authorities) can document the demolition of the roof or wall of the building, entries in the construction log, as well as evidence in the form of photographic documentation.
Self-contained on-chip fluid actuation for flow initiation in liquid cell transmission electron microscopy
Authors: Menon Vivek , Denoual Matthieu , Toshiyoshi Hiroshi , Fujita Hiroyuki
Published: August 2019

Liquid cells for transmission electron microscopy enable the observation of liquid samples with nanometer resolution, but sample activity must often be triggered via external stimuli including liquid flow and mixing. Existing devices enable flow using specialized TEM holders and external pumping setups which limits technique accessibility. Here, a liquid cell with integrated MEMS valves and pumps is demonstrated with flow capabilities using an electrical-contact holder. On-chip electrochemical pumps and capillary burst valves allow for the injection of fluid from an integrated reservoir into an observation chamber using only electrical signals from a general microchip-sized TEM holder.
Elevated frequencies of total and MAIT cell subsets in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Zhao Ding , Zhong Wei , Han Dongfeng , Li Yingbo , Jiang Yanfang , Gu Guishan
Published: August 2019

Background

Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by the degeneration of joint cartilage, with concomitant changes in the synovium and subchondral bone. Recently, the inflammatory response and involvement of several types of T-cells has been implicated in the development of OA. This study investigated the frequency of MR1-restricted mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in patients with knee OA.

Methods

Forty-five patients recently diagnosed with knee OA and 21 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were recruited for this study. Percentages of circulating MAIT cells were assessed by flow cytometry. Plasma cytokine levels were measured using cytometric bead arrays. Associations between the percentages of MAIT cells, plasma cytokine levels, and clinical parameters of OA (erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR] and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index [WOMAC]) were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test.

Results

The percentages of total, CD8αα, and CD8αβ MAIT cells were higher in patients with OA compared to healthy controls. The percentages of total and CD8αα MAIT cells were higher in patients with multi-joint OA (MOA) compared to patients with knee-only OA (KOA). Plasma IFN-γ and TNF-α levels were elevated in patients with OA compared to healthy controls, and there was a positive correlation between plasma IFN-γ levels and the percentages of total, CD8αα, and CD8αβ MAIT cells. Plasma IFN-γ and IL-17 levels were higher in patients with MOA compared to healthy controls or patients with KOA. There were positive correlations between the percentages of total and CD8αα MAIT cells and clinical parameters (ESR and WOMAC scores) in patients with OA or MOA. Binary logistic regression analysis shown the frequency of MAIT cells was associated with the risk of OA.

Conclusions

MAIT cells and their subpopulations were significantly increased in patients with OA and have potential as biological markers of OA disease severity, especially in patients with MOA.
Effect of dietary concentrate to forage ratio on growth performance, rumen fermentation and bacterial diversity of Tibetan sheep under barn feeding on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau
Authors: Liu Hongjin , Xu Tianwei , Xu Shixiao , Ma Li , Han Xueping , Wang Xungang , Zhang Xiaoling , Hu Linyong , Zhao Na , Chen Yongwei , Pi Li , Zhao Xinquan
Published: August 2019

This study aimed to research the effects of different dietary concentrate to forage (C:F) ratio on growth performance, rumen fermentation and bacteria diversity of barn feeding Tibetan sheep. The experiment contains fiver treatments (HS1, HS2 HS3, HS4 and HS5;n = 8, respectively) based on dietary C:F ratios 0:100, 15:85, 30:70, 45:55, and 60:40, respectively. The ruminal bacterial community structure was investigated through high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes in V4 hypervariable region. The results showed that increasing dietary concentrate feed level from 0% to 60% exerted a positive effect on DMI, BW gain, gain rate and feed conversation ratio (FCR) in Tibetan sheep. The increases dietary concentrate feed level elevatedNH3-N, propionate and valerate concentrations, whereas, reduced molar ratio of acetate to propionate (A/P ratio) (P < 0.05). For rumen bacterial diversity, increases in dietary concentrate content contributed to lower alpha diversity indexes including Shannon wiener, Chao1 and observed species, meanwhile, significantly increased the abundances of the phylumBacteroidetesand the genusPrevotella_1(P < 0.05). In conclusion, increases dietary concentrate content improved the growth performance and Tibetan sheep fed diets of 45% concentrate obtained a better performance; the inclusion of concentrate in feed changed rumen fermentation from acetate fermentation to propionate fermentation, and improved the energy utilization efficiency of Tibetan sheep; the increased in concentrate content significantly reduced rumen bacteria diversity and changed the abundance of some core bacteria.
Gender and Politics at Ugarit
Authors: Thomas Christine Neal
Published: August 2019

The integral role of royal women in political systems structured by diplomatic marriage is revealed in a series of legal verdicts from a case that involved the rulers of Late Bronze Age Ugarit, Amurru, and Ḫatti. These verdicts adjudicate the divorce, loss of political status, and execution of a royal woman who was the wife of the king of Ugarit, the daughter and sister of two successive kings of Amurru, and the granddaughter and niece of two successive Hittite Great Kings. The undoing of her multivalent political status destabilized the regional and imperial system in which she was enmeshed. Protracted negotiations were required to restore equilibrium to the system. Examination of the rhetorical and legal strategies through which these negotiations took place reveals the extent to which the relative power of royal men depended on their relationships to royal women.
“Godly Worm” and the “Literati Prism” of Chinese Sources
Authors: Chen Sanping
Published: August 2019

This essay is a case study of the inherent gentry bias of traditional Chinese sources, which tends to condition modern readers to view ancient East Asia through a “literati prism.” Using medieval onomastic data, the essay demonstrates the distorting effects caused by this prism, as well as the enigmas it engenders. In addition, the essay highlights a long-ignored legacy of early medieval nomadic conquests of northern China—the vulgarization of Chinese high culture.
Adaptive Commentary of Du Yu (222–284)
Authors: Tashima Pauli
Published: August 2019

Du Yu’s 杜預 (222–284) commentary on the Zuo Tradition 左傳 (ca. 4th c. BCE) is often touted as an enduring scholarly achievement from a latter-day perspective, because early Tang scholars treated it as the definitive official interpretation of the imperially approved Chunqiu Zuozhuan zhengyi 春秋左傳正義 (promulgated in 653) . But few studies have analyzed the specific components of Du Yu’s thought that sometimes adapt, other times maintain, previous conceptions of the Annals and Zuo. This paper argues that Du Yu’s schematization of the Annals into three categories of material—Zhou/institutional “general norms,” Confucian/moral “transformed norms,” and historical/neutral “non-norms”—configures older ideas into a new structure of understanding designed to elevate the authority of the Zuo Tradition, unofficial but influential in the Western Jin (265–317), above that of rival Gongyang 公羊 and Guliang 穀梁 traditions during his time. Included in this discussion is Du Yu’s treatment of the Annals as a text that can be checked against a parallel ancient source newly available to him, the Bamboo Annals.
Isnād-cum-matn Analysis and Kalāla
Authors: Scheiner Jens
Published: August 2019

This review article responds to Pavel Pavlovitch’s study on the understanding of the term kalāla in the first three centuries of Islamic history of thought. It focuses in particular on the author’s application of the so-called isnād-cum-matn analysis (ICMA), showing that some of his methodological reasoning is innovative, while some is to be questioned.
Shifting Stones, Shaping the Past: Sculpture from the Buddhist Stūpas of Andhra Pradesh. By Catherine Becker
Authors: Davis Richard
Published: August 2019

Shifting Stones, Shaping the Past: Sculpture from the Buddhist Stūpas of Andhra Pradesh. By Catherine Becker. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015. Pp. xxiv + 321, 108 illustr. $35 (paper).
Wonderful Things: A History of Egyptology. 2: The Golden Age: 1881–1914. By Jason Thompson
Authors: Reid Donald Malcolm
Published: August 2019

Wonderful Things: A History of Egyptology. 2: The Golden Age: 1881–1914. By Jason Thompson. Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press, 2015. Pp. xiv + 374. $39.95.
Contesting Antiquity in Egypt: Archaeologies, Museums and the Struggle for Identities from World War I to Nasser. By Donald Malcolm Reid
Authors: Doyon Wendy
Published: August 2019

Contesting Antiquity in Egypt: Archaeologies, Museums and the Struggle for Identities from World War I to Nasser. By Donald Malcolm Reid. Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press, 2015. Pp. xxii + 491, illus. $59.95.
Entombed Epigraphy and Commemorative Culture in Early Medieval China: A History of Early Muzhiming. By Timothy M. Davis
Authors: Ditter Alexei K.
Published: August 2019

Entombed Epigraphy and Commemorative Culture in Early Medieval China: A History of Early

Muzhiming. By Timothy M. Davis. Studies in the History of Chinese Texts, vol. 6. Leiden: Brill, 2015. Pp. xiv + 414. €125, $162.
Pāṇinīyavyākaraṇodāharaṇakośaḥ; La grammaire paninéenne par ses exemples; Paninian Grammar through Its Examples, vol. I: Udāharaṇasamāhāraḥ; L’ensemble des exemples; The Collection of Examples; saṁśodhitaprakāśanam, édition révisée,
Authors: Scharf Peter M.
Published: August 2019

Pāṇinīyavyākaraṇodāharaṇakośaḥ; La grammaire paninéenne par ses exemples; Paninian Grammar through Its Examples, vol. I: Udāharaṇasamāhāraḥ; L’ensemble des exemples; The Collection of Examples; saṁśodhitaprakāśanam, édition révisée, revised edition. Two parts. By F. Grimal, V. Venkataraja Sarma, S. Lakshminarasimham, K. V. Ramakrishnamacharyulu, and Jagadeesh Bhat. Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeetha Series, vols. 309, 310; Collection indologie 93.1.1, 2 . Tirupati: Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeetha; Pondichéry: École française d’Extrème-Orient; Institut Français de Pondichéry, 2018. Pp. xiii + 757 + 481. Rs. 680 (vol. 1), 450 (vol. 2).
Structural Elucidation, 3D Molecular Modeling and Antibacterial Activity of Ni (II), Co (II), Cu (II) and Mn (II) Complexes Containing Salophen Ligand
Authors: Asraf Md. Ali , Rahman Md. Mahbubur , Kabiraz D. C. , Ansary Rezaul H. , Hossen Md. Faruk , Haque Md. Fazlul , Zakaria C. M.
Published: August 2019

The salophen ligand and its complexes of Ni(II), Co(II), Cu(II), and Mn(II) are explored in terms of synthesis, conductivity; magnetic measurements, elemental analysis, FT-IR; electronic spectra, and antibacterial activities. The 3D molecular modeling structures of the ligand and its metal complexes are obtained by using Argus lab software. The experimental data shows that the ligand is tetradentate and bonded to the metal ion via N2O2 donor atoms. Antibacterial activity of the synthesized compounds are checked against the microbes Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli. The metal complexes exhibit antibacterial activity higher than that of the free ligand. This works contributes to the science of Schiff base compounds, in addition to stimulating the synthesis of new ligands and its complexes for the future advancement of coordination chemistry.
Industrialisation Scenario at Sreepur of Gazipur, Bangladesh and Physico-chemical Properties of Wastewater Discharged from Industries
Authors: Hossain Md. Billal , Islam Md. Nurul , Alam Mohammad Shamsul , Hossen Md. Zakir
Published: August 2019

This study was conducted to explore the present trend and pattern of industrial growth with spatial distribution of industries and seasonal extent of physicochemical characteristics of wastewater at Sreepur of Gazipur, Bangladesh. The wastewater samples were collected from 5 locations in three seasons viz. pre-monsoon, monsoon and dry season. A total of 120 medium to large industries were surveyed, among those 52 were in red category, 53 were in orange-B category, 13 were in orange-A and only 2 were in green category. In 1995, there were only three industries, which gradually increased to a total of 29 in 2005. Among them, 11 were in red category and 18 were in orange-B category. But from 2006-2010, a total 59 industries were developed and most of them were in red and orange-B categories. Similarly, during the period of 2011 to March 2013, a total 16 industries were developed, among them 8 industries were in red and 3 were in orange-B category. Major types of wastewater discharging industries were textile, dyeing, washing and printing. Among the surveyed industries about 33% didn’t have any effluent treatment plant (ETP). The mean value of pH, EC, DO, BOD, COD and TDS of wastewater were 7.28, 2.64, 1.62 mg L-1, 82.0 mg L-1, 217.31 mg L-1 and 1380 mg L-1, respectively during pre-monsoon; 6.7, 1.15, trace, 8.0 mg L-1, 152.4 mg L-1 and 539.58 mg L-1, respectively during monsoon and 7.7, 1.82, 0.74 mg L-1, 48.8 mg L-1, 204.8 mg L-1 and 993.6 mg L-1, respectively during dry season. Average DO concentrations in all seasons and sites were significantly low, while BOD and COD contents were higher in pre-monsoon and dry seasons than the DoE permissible limit. The study concluded that the area is now a hub of polluting industries which are mostly liable to pollute the surrounding environment.
Evaluation of Phytochemical, Antimicrobial Activities and Toxicological Analysis of Scent Leaf (Ocimum gratissimum L.) Leaf Extracts
Authors: Umar M. , Nkemelu C. P. , Sagir M. R. , Mohammed S. Y. , Ajiya G. K. , Mohammed I. B. , Yaya A. A. , Kigbu A. A. , Ojo S. A. , Abdulkarim I. M. , Tafinta I. Y. , Amuta I. C.
Published: August 2019

Aim: The phytochemical screening, antibacterial activities and in vivo toxicity of extracts of the leaves of scent leaf (Ocimum gratissimum L.) were investigated.

Methods: All the analyses were carried out using standard scientific procedures using Soxhlet extraction, well-diffusion agar antimicrobial testing and in vivo acute toxicity testing.

Results: The phytochemical analysis according to standard screening tests using conventional protocols revealed the presence of anthraquinone, saponins, tannins, terpenoids and alkaloids, which were detected in methanol extract analyzed. But, flavonoids, glycosides, phlobatannins and steroids were not detected in the methanol extracts analyzed. While only flavonoids were detected in chloroform extract. All other phytochemicals were absent. The extract fractions generally exhibited slight antibacterial activities on Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella Typhi and Escherichia coli. But, the extracts showed no effect against Candida albicans. The minimum inhibitory concentration of O. gratissimum was determined with S. aureus and B. cereus recording MICs at the lowest concentration (12.5 mg/mL) of the methanol and chloroform extracts used. While methanol and chloroform extracts were found to have recorded moderate activity S. Typhi and E. coli at the MIC of 50mg/mL. The methanol and chloroform extract recorded MBC of 50 mg/mL on B. subtilis and S. Typhi. However, Salmonella Typhi was inhibited at the concentration of 100 mg/mL of chloroform scent leaf extract. The MICs of C. albicans were not determined in the methanol and chloroform scent leaf extracts analyzed. The in vivo toxicity of O. gratissimum extracts against albino rats revealed that the plant extracts were found to exhibit mild toxicity at higher doses, but the overall remark showed that the plant extract was safe at various concentrations.

Conclusions: The plant can be used in the treatment of various diseases caused by the test microbes, and the plant has less toxicity when administered orally.
Biochemical and Molecular Studies on the Role of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Extract in Reducing Liver and Kidney Toxicity Due to Etoposide in Male Rats
Authors: Almakhatreh Majd , Hafez Ezar , Tousson Ehab , Masoud Ahmed
Published: August 2019

Aims: Etoposide (Vepesid) is chemotherapeutic drugs that inhibit topoisomerase II activity and long been used for treatment of human malignancies, where it is a semi-synthetic compound derived from the plant Podophyllum peltatum. The current study was designed to investigate the possible protective effect of rosemary extract against Etoposide -induced changes in liver and kidney functions, and DNA damage in rats.

Materials and Methods: A total of 50 male Wistar albino rats were divided randomly into four groups (1st group was control; 2nd group was treated with rosemary, 3rd group was received etoposide, and 4th & 5th groups was co- and post treated groups respectively).

Results: The administration of Etoposide revealed a significant increase in serum ALT, AST, ALP, creatinine, urea, potassium ions, chloride ions, and DNA damage. In contrast; a significant decrease in albumen, total proteins, sodium ions, and calcium ions were when compared with control group. This increased in ALT, AST, ALP, creatinine, urea, potassium ions, chloride ions, and DNA damage was reduced after administration of rosemary when co-treated with etoposide (G4), or post-treated after etoposide  (G5) for four weeks with lowest damage in G4. Also, this decreased in albumen, total proteins, sodium ions, and calcium ions was increased after administration of rosemary when co-treated with etoposide (G4), or post-treated after etoposide (G5) for four weeks with lowest damage in G4.

Conclusion: It could be concluded that rosemary has a promising role and it worth to be considered as a natural substance for protective the liver and kidney toxicity induced by etoposide (Vepesid) chemotherapy.
Resistant Pattern of Therapeutics Antimicrobial Challenged on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacterium Isolated from Marketed Raw Buffalo Milk
Authors: Patel N. M. , Kumar R. , Suthar A. P. , Desai D. N. , Kalyani I. H.
Published: August 2019

The study was designed to isolate predominance contamination of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in marketed raw buffalo milk (n=122) samples, collected from private dairy farms from different places of south Gujarat, India. Pre-enrichment of 1 ml of each sample was done with inoculation in 9 ml tryptone soya broth and incubated at 37ºC for 24 hrs. A loopful of culture was taken from broth and streaked on selective Pseudomonas agar F plates and incubated at 37ºC for 24 hrs, after completion of incubation period, the colonies characteristics were studied and further confirmed by various biochemical tests and found 14 samples contaminated with P. aeruginosa, were further more biochemical testes are used and give positive results with IMViC, Motility test, catalase and sugar fermentation confirm at 37ºC for 24 hrs incubation. All biochemically conformed isolates were further subjected for molecular characterization and were also tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by using various antibiotics discs such as vancomycin, penicillin, tylosin, cefixime, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, ceftriaxone, cefixime, tetracycline, streptomycin, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, oxytetracycline and gentamicin, which has shown multi drug resistant ranging from seven to nine antimicrobials and Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) index ranges from 0.50 to 0.64.The isolates of P. aeruginosa in the present study are extremely resistant to vancomycin, penicillin, tylosin, cefixime, chloramphenicol and maximum sensitive to ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin followed by gentamicin. Further statistical analysis of antibiotics wise zone diameter interpretative standard (mm) reveled susceptibility phenotypes under significant of difference at P≤0.05 in one way ANOVA using Duncan’s multiple range test and found ciprofloxacin having maximum sensitivity among antibiotic tested and it could be considered as a drug of choice for controlling P. aeruginosa mediated animal and human infections in the studied regions for insuring food safety as well.
Seroprevalence of Treponema pallidum Infection among Cohorts of Pregnant Women Attending a Selected Hospital at Northern Nigeria
Authors: Jakheng S. P. E. , Umar M. , Longkat K. A. , Oko J. O. , Ojeleye F. S. , Kigbu Amos A. , Kutman N. A. , Ojo S. A.
Published: August 2019

Background: Syphilis is a multifaceted disease with serious implications for the pregnant women and the foetus. Treponema pallidum, the causative agent of syphilis has been a public health challenge for centuries. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among pregnant women are wide spread in the developing countries, and constitute a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. Information regarding the prevalence of syphilis in pregnant women is scanty from the north-west zone of Nigeria.

Aims: Evaluation of seroprevalence of Treponema pallidum infection among pregnant women attending a selected hospital at Northern Nigeria was carried out, with view to assess the socio-demographic data and predisposing factors of syphilis among the study population.

Methods: Exactly 200 pregnant women, who attended antenatal clinic of the selected hospital at Northern Nigeria, from July to September, 2015 were screened for syphilis using syphilis rapid immunochromatographic test for in-vitro diagnostic technique. Patients’ demographic data and predisposing factors of syphilis were assessed using a structured questionnaire.

Results: The result showed that 2.0% of the 200 pregnant women screened were positive. Based on age, individuals who were less than or equal 20 years had the highest prevalence of 4.1% followed by those who aged 21-30 with the prevalence of 1.1%. Family type and place of the study subjects were significantly associated with the disease (Fisher’s exact test = 0.014 and 0.008 respectively). Therefore associated risk factors were age, family type and place of residence. While, educational status, employment status, gestational age and blood transfusion were not significantly associated with syphilis in the study area. While seroprevalence of 4(5.7%) was recorded in polygamous individual; no positive case was recorded among those practicing monogamy. Urban dwellers were found to have a prevalence rate of 6.6% with no infection detected among the rural dwellers.

Conclusion: The overall prevalence of syphilis among the study population was 2.0%. The disease is more prevalent among middle aged, rural dwelling and polygamous pregnant women. Hence in a bid to control syphilis infection, both partners should be evaluated and treated. This study has further provided information on the prevalence of Treponema pallidum infection among pregnant women at Northern Nigeria.
Co-occurrence of Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Cyanotoxins and Trace Elements in Commercial Fish Species from a Freshwater Protected Area (Pertusillo Lake, Southern Italy)
Authors: Pace Rita De , Storelli Maria Maddalena , Barone Grazia , Messineo Valentina , Bruno Milena
Published: August 2019

A total of 79 fish samples covering nine species were collected in a preliminary investigation on a SCI (Site of Community Importance) water reservoir (Pertusillo Lake, Southern Italy) created for drinking purpose and located in a territory used for drilling activities. Analyses for microcystins (MYCs) and cylindrospermopsins (CYLs) presence were performed using Elisa assays, while 10 fish samples were analyzed also for trace elements by atomic adsorption spectrophotometry and for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by GC-MS operated in EI mode. The results showed the compresence of important cyanotoxins and industrial contaminants in fish. More extended studies are needed to evaluate the combined effects of these contaminants on the lake ecosystem and ichthyic fauna, in order to establish an available risk assessment for human population in the lake region.
STRATEGI COMMUNITY RELATIONS PT PERTAMINA HULU ENERGI WEST MADURA OFFSHORE DALAM MELAKSANAKAN PROGRAM CSR SI KOMO PASIR - TAMAN PENDIDIKAN MANGROVE (2013-2017)
Authors: Nainggolan Abraham Natanael , Vidyarini Titi Nur , Sari Yustisia Ditya
Published: August 2019

PHE WMO menjalin hubungan baik dan memberikan kontribusi pada komunitas lokal dalam wujud Program CSR Si Komo Pasir – Taman Pendidikan Mangrove. Program ini merupakan program CSR pertama di Madura dan Indonesia yang berkonsep konservasi lingkungan berbasis komunitas. Program yang dimulai dari tahun 2013 ini telah meraih penghargaan tertinggi CSR, yaitu PROPER EMAS dari KLHK dan Wakil Presiden RI serta sesuai dengan SDGs. Akan tetapi, hingga tahun 2017 masih terdapat permasalahan komunitas yang belum selesai, yaitu Braind Drain (Usia Produktif Merantau) mencapai 208 KK dan 120 Rumah Tangga miskin yang berpengaruh terhadap reputasi perusahaan dan perkembangan Taman Pendidikan Mangrove kedepannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui strategi Community Relations PHE WMO dalam melaksanakan program CSR Si Komo Pasir – Taman Pendidikan Mangrove dari tahun 2013 hingga 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dan menggunakan metode studi kasus. Strategi Community Relations yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini, digolongkan dalam delapan strategi, yaitu mengidentifikasi masyarakat, melakukan engagement masyarakat, melakukan kerjasama dengan konsultan sesuai kebutuhan, memberikan pendidikan dan pelatihan kepada masyarakat, melibatkan masyarakat dalam perencanaan dan implementasi program CSR, melakukan pendampingan rutin dan pengelolaan isu masyarakat, memberikan program dukungan masyarakat, dan memberikan apresiasi atau penghargaan kepada masyarakat.
PENGARUH REVIEW OLEH SARAH AYU PADA PRODUK KECANTIKAN DI YOUTUBE DAN BRAND AWARENESS TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN MENGGUNAKAN PRODUK
Authors: Arista Lutfiah , Lasmana Herlan
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini membahas tentang pengaruh review produk kecantikan pada Youtube dan brand awareness terhadap keputusan menggunakan produk. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menguji pengaruh langsung masing-masing variabel review produk kecantikan pada Youtube channel Sarah Ayu dan brand awareness  terhadap keputusan menggunakan produk, serta menguji pengaruh review produk kecantikan pada Youtube secara bersama-sama dengan brand awareness terhadap keputusan menggunakan produk. Selain itu juga menguji apakah brand awareness memediasi antara review dengan keputusan menggunakan produk. Teori utama yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Computer Mediated Communication (CMC). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif, dan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah subscriber perempuan channel Youtube Sarah Ayu yang ditentukan melalui teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa review produk kecantikan pada Youtube channel Sarah Ayu dan brand awareness masing-masing mempunyai pengaruh langsung terhadap keputusan menggunakan produk. Hasil regresi linier berganda membuktikan bahwa brand awareness mempunyai pengaruh yang lebih besar daripada review produk kecantikan pada youtube. Saran, sebaiknya Sarah Ayu untuk lebih menanggapi komentar yang ada pada kolom komen di channel Youtubenya, agar penonton merasa lebih terlibat dalam video yang diunggahnya.
DESAFIOS À SUSTENTABILIDADE EM UMA INSTITUIÇÃO DE ENSINO SUPERIOR NA BAHIA
Authors: Almeida Renato , De Souza Thaisa Teixeira , Galvão Ariel Santiago da Silva , Cerqueira Matheus Ribeiro de Jesus , Da Silva Naiane Dos Santos
Published: August 2019

Uma Universidade Sustentável desenvolve ações nas diferentes dimensões da sustentabilidade, assumindo um sistema de gestão ambiental na própria instituição e contribuindo para a formação de jovens com pensamento crítico. Adotou-se a análise de conteúdo, para abordar a evolução histórica da preocupação ambiental em três diferentes versões do Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) na Bahia, e efetuaram-se apontamentos sobre o estágio de sustentabilidade da IES. Hoje, a sustentabilidade na sede da universidade reflete processo histórico associado à sua origem e estratégia da multicampia. Esforços induziram os primeiros projetos coletivos, mas sem uma continuidade de longo prazo e metas quantificáveis, prevalecendo ações individuais e pontuais. A adoção dos Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável 2030 contribuiria ao enfrentamento dos desafios que se apresentam para a sustentabilidade universitária.            
BIODEGRADABILIDADE ANAERÓBIA DE EFLUENTE DO PROCESSAMENTO DA ACEROLA VERDE
Authors: André Andreza Carla Lopes , Silva Rodrigo Torres , Da Silva Kessia Caroline Dantas , De Souza e Silva Paula Tereza , De Amorim Miriam Cleide Cavalcante
Published: August 2019

A agroindústria aceroleira gera efluentes com elevada carga orgânica, sendo, portanto, um poluidor em potencial. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a biodegradabilidade anaeróbia desse efluente em termos da demanda química de oxigênio e produção de metano. Os ensaios tiveram duração de 288h e foram realizados por meio de frascos-reatores, utilizando tratamentos com diferentes concentrações de DQO (4g O2.L-1, 8g O2.L-1 e 12g O2.L-1) e uma de biomassa de lodo anaeróbio (5 g.L-1). Efetuaram-se análises de DQO, ácidos graxos voláteis, pH e alcalinidade. Todos os tratamentos proporcionaram remoções de DQO acima de 65%. Houve relação entre a concentração de DQO aplicada e as condições ambientais dos frascos-reatores, em que quanto maior a DQO, mais inadequadas tornaram-se as condições ambientais. O efluente com 4g O2.L-1 obteve o maior rendimento de metano (42,5%), bem como a maior taxa de produção de metano (102 mL de CH4.g-1 de DQOrem). Os ensaios de biodegradabilidade mostraram que o efluente estudado apresentou boa degradabilidade anaeróbia, principalmente para a remoção de carga orgânica.