bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological Diversity and Epidemiological Aspects of Canine and Feline Mammary Gland Tumors in Tehran: A Survey (2020-2022)
Authors:   Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Golchin Diba , Sasani Farhang ,   Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Pedram Mir Sepehr ,   Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Khaki Zohreh ,   Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Published: July 2023

Background: Mammary tumors are common in dogs and cats. They are models for investigating carcinogenesis and designing treatment protocols that benefit human beings. Senescence, sex, and reproductive status affect the development of such neoplasms. Objectives: In Iran’s absence of a national animal tumor registry, the present study determined clinicopathological and epidemiological aspects of canine and feline mammary tumors in referral cases of four veterinary practices across Tehran from 2020 to 2022. Here, the incidence and types of canine and feline mammary tumors are described, in addition to sex, reproductive status, age, breed, the affected mammary gland(s), grades, lymphatic invasion, and lymph node metastases. Methods: All canine and feline patients with masses in the mammary gland region were considered in this study. The resected tumors and occasional lymph nodes were macroscopically scrutinized. Hematoxylin-Eosin slides were reviewed by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry was utilized when necessary. Results: Of the 76 dogs and eight cats, 100% were females, and the majority were intact. Most patients were 10-11 years old. Purebreds were the most frequent referrals. In some patients, more than one mammary gland had developed neoplasm, i.e. 141 affected glands in 76 bitches and nine affected glands in eight queens. Tumors were presented in both chains and even on the ventral midline, with an increased preponderance of caudally located glands. Thus, the caudal-most glands, i.e. inguinal and caudal abdominal glands, constituted 31.2% and 66.7% of the affected glands in bitches and queens, respectively. Intraductal papillary carcinoma (17%) and complex carcinoma (16.3%) had the highest incidence in dogs. The most commonly observed lesions in cats were lobular hyperplasia with atypia, and duct ectasia, each encompassing 22.3% of the affected glands. Most canine neoplasms were grade I (90.3%), while grade II neoplasms had the highest incidence in cats (50%). Lymphatic invasion and lymph node metastases were seen in canine anaplastic carcinoma, solid carcinoma, and complex carcinoma, as well as feline comedocarcinoma and tubular carcinoma. Conclusion: The risk of developing malignant tumors increases as the individual ages, and generally, caudally located mammary glands in intact purebred females are at increased risk. Moreover, anaplastic carcinomas must be precisely examined, both clinically and histopathologically, for lymph node metastases.
Melatonin Modulates Haematological and Water Quality Parameters Following a 100 Km Transportation of Clarias gariepinus by Road
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria., Sylvanus Adah Adakole , Arimie Adah Deborah ,   Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria., Obiora Nwonuma Charles ,   Department of Biochemistry, College of Pure and Applied Sciences, Landmark University Omuaran, Nigeria., Oyekunle Taiwo ,   Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria., Olaosebikan Boluwaji ,   Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Published: July 2023

Background: The transportation of fish is a common practice in aquaculture. However, the transportation of fish results in significant stress that can cause mortality and disease outbreaks due to compromised immune status. To ameliorate the effect of this stress, it is advocated that a suitable antioxidant be supplemented to fish before subjecting to transportation. Objectives: The present experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of melatonin on haematological parameters and water quality indices of Clarias gariepinus post-transportation. Methods: Forty adult C. gariepinus fishes, weighing an average of 450.46 g and measuring an average of 38.23 cm and 4.46 cm were used for the experiment. They were divided into two groups. Group I (MMF) was supplemented with melatonin in their feed every day for one month while group II (OMF) was not administered melatonin. The subjects were fed a commercial pelleted diet once a day throughout the experiment. They were maintained in a tank made of plastic, and water was originally provided through a flow-through system. Haematological and water quality parameters were determined before and after transportation. Results: After the transportation process, erythrocyte count and packed cell volume of the group I was significantly higher (P<0.05). In comparison to group II, the total leucocyte count, neutrophil count, and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio of group I were all significantly lower (P<0.05). After transit, group II had considerably higher quantities of nitrite, nitrate, and ammonia (P<0.05) than group I. Following transportation, group II had significantly higher nitrite, nitrate, and ammonia (P<0.05) than group I. However, in group I, dissolved oxygen concentration was greater (P<0.05) than that of group II. Conclusion: Accordingly, it was concluded that melatonin affected various haematological and water quality variables in C. gariepinus and will ameliorate the stress of transportation.
Effect of Adding Lactoferrin on Some Foodborne Pathogens in Yogurt
Authors:   Animal Health Research Institute-Benha Laboratory, Benha, Egypt., Fetouh Mai , Elbarbary Hend ,   Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt., Ibrahim Ekbal ,   Animal Health Research Institute-Benha Laboratory, Benha, Egypt., Afifi Maarouf Ahmed ,   Animal Health Research Institute-Benha Laboratory, Benha, Egypt.
Published: July 2023

Background: Lactoferrin is a natural biological active cationic protein that can be used as a yogurt additive to inhibit the growth of foodborne pathogens. Objectives: The present study evaluated the antimicrobial effects of lactoferrin against Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans inoculated in laboratory prepared yogurt at refrigerator temperature. Methods: The pre-warmed skimmed milk was inoculated by commercial starter and then divided into 3 parts, each inoculated by different inoculum and a certain concentration of lactoferrin (0.5% and 1.5%) and incubated at 42oC for 4 h till curd formation. Tenfold serial dilutions were performed for each group and refrigerated at4±1oC for up to 14 days to be examined every day. Results: The obtained results showed that the treated yogurt samples with lactoferrin had significant reductions in B. cereus, Ent. faecalis, and C. albicans counts than untreated samples (control positive). Generally, yogurt samples treated with 1.5% lactoferrin showed the highest reduction percentages on B. cereus and C. albicans than 0.5% lactoferrin. In addition, B. cereus showed more susceptibility to lactoferrin than Ent. faecalis; the maximum reduction of the inoculated B. cereus was observed on the sixth day of the incubation to be 99.99%. Maximum reduction of the tested C. albicans was observed after the seventh day. Conclusion: The application of lactoferrin showed a potentially significant antimicrobial effect against B. cereus, Ent. faecalis, and C. albicans in refrigerating conditions, so lactoferrin is recommended to be used in yogurt production for safe product manufacturing.
General equilibrium model with the entrepreneurial sector for the Russian economy
Authors: Martyanova Elizaveta V. , Polbin Andrey V.
Published: July 2023

This paper proposes a general equilibrium model with the entrepreneurial sector for the Russian economy. The novelty of the model lies in several points. First, the model is a small open economy. Second, it includes the entrepreneurial sector. Third, the model reflects the main features of the Russian economy. Five experiments were conducted, for which steady states and transitions were computed. These experiments included: (1) an export price shock, (2) redistribution of government consumption between the corporate and entrepreneurial sectors, (3) relaxation of collateral requirements, (4) a credit rate subsidy for entrepreneurs, (5) VAT for entrepreneurs. The export price shock results in lower entrepreneurial output due to higher wages in the short run, but in the long run the positive effects of increased demand and assets lead to higher output. Increased government consumption of entrepreneurial goods leads to a reallocation of resources from the corporate sector to the entrepreneurial one. The relaxation of collateral requirements leads to a sharp increase in entrepreneurial investment and capital and a decline in the number of entrepreneurs, which means that they become bigger. The credit rate subsidy leads to an increase in capital in the entrepreneurial sector, and then in output. The cost of subsidies leads to a decrease in lump-sum transfers, but this does not lead to a significant change in household consumption. The introduction of a value-added tax on entrepreneurial goods leads to a redistribution of resources from the entrepreneurial sector to the corporate one, lower household consumption and higher GDP.
Batalnya Perjanjian Wanprestasi Kepada Pihak Ketiga Akibat Adanya PPKM Karena Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Anatasya Sirait Jessica , Ginting Nilam Sari , Andrianti Syarifah Lisa
Published: July 2023

Perjanjian merupakan perbuatan hukum, perbuatan yang menimbulkan akibat hukum. Perjanjian sering dilakukan dalam dunia usaha masyrakat di Indonesia. Dengan di keluarkannya Keppres yang menetapkan Virus Corona Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Sebagai bencana nasional yang telah berdampak pada segala aspek kehidupan masyarakat kemudian pemerintah daerah mengeluarkan peraturan daerah pembatasan sosial berskala besar (PSBB). Dengan diputuskannya Covid-19 sebagai darurat bencana nasional menyebabkan berlakunya pembatasan atau larangan untuk berkegiatan pada masyarakat, yang berakibat pada terjadinya pembatalan pada perjanjian sewa-menyewa gedung untuk resepsi pernikahan yang dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya wanprestasi pada pemenuhan hak kewajiban Para Pihak. Penelitiandilakukan dengan metode yuridis normatif dan spesifikasinya menggunakan deskriptif analitis. metode penelitian yang metode penelitian yang menggunakan pendekatan yang dilakukan berdasarkan bahan hukum utama dengan cara menelaah teori-teori, konsep-konsep, asas-asas hukum serta peraturan perundang-undangan yang berhubungan dengan penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan menunjukan bahwa Covid-19 dapat dikategorikan sebagai kondisi Kahar (force majeuer) yang dapat menjadi alasan pada pembatalan suatu perjanjia sewa menyewa gedung. Sehingga diperlukan suatu renegosiasi guna untuk pemenuhan kewajiban para Pihak dalam sewa menyewa gedung.
Analisa Yuridis Bagi Pelaku Narkotika yang Jenis Narkobanya Tidak Terdaftar dalam Undang-Undang Narkotika
Authors: Delyanti Sri , Ablisar Madiasa , Mulyadi Mahmud , Ekaputra Mohammad
Published: July 2023

Pasal 6 Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2009 Tentang Narkotika, Walaupun dikemudian hari tiap pembuktian di persidangan harus didatangkan ahli untuk menentukan suatu jenis zat tertentu apakah masuk ke dalam pengertian Narkotika menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2009 Tentang Narkotika. Tapi hal itu perlu untuk mencegah setiap Tindak Pidana Narkotika jenis baru lolos dari jerat hukum, namun dengan tetap menjaga kepastian hukum. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Penegakan hukum pidana terhadap penyalahgunaan methylone sebagai NPS (New Psychoactive Substances) mewajibkan para penegak hukum melakukan penemuan hukum lewat jalan penafsiran hukum yang dilakukan secara ekstensif yang dilakukan dengan cara memperluas makna zat methylone  dan methcathinone merupakan turunan dari cathinone yang terdapat dalam daftar narkotika golongan I, dimana struktur dasar dari methylone adalah analog dengan methylone dengan efek farmakologi juga menyerupai methylone, namun methylone mempunyai efek yang dihasilkan jauh lebih dahsyat dan lebih merusak susunan syaraf pusat dibanding senyawa methylone sehingga tidak diragukan lagi bahwa methylone adalah termasuk narkotika golongan I dalam lampiran I UU Nomor 35 Tahun 2009 Tentang Narkotika No. Urut 37.
A fenomenologia da percepção sobre a corporeidade em Merleau-Ponty
Authors: Rönnau Gabriel Rodrigues
Published: July 2023

O intuito do presente artigo é apresentar uma introdução e uma análise contextual da obra de Maurice Merleau-Ponty, através do conceito central de corpo e de ser encarnado – de suas consequências em relação à manifestação fenomenológica sobre a concepção da unidade sintética do Ser-no-mundo e a compreensão da percepção como núcleo do entendimento existencial: como ponto de contato da interioridade e de sua manifestação no mundo. A abordagem visa em contextualizar a metodologia da pura fenomenologia como ciência de rigor a partir da tese que aborda o corpo como centro da percepção fenomênica, de onde a problemática é relativa à configuração perceptiva da teoria estrutural e gestáltica – serve como parte de uma hermenêutica existencial através da dimensão da linguagem como expressão humana corporificada.
Duração razoável do processo tributário
Authors: Blatt Daniel Soriano
Published: July 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo enxergar o papel do princípio da duração razoável do processo no âmbito constitucional e processual tributário, bem como sua interligação com a seara dos Direitos Humanos. O princípio da duração razoável do processo possui fundamento em diversos diplomas legais, dentre eles a Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos e a Convenção Americana de Direitos Humanos. Realizou-se a comparação com outros ordenamentos jurídicos, como o italiano e o espanhol, onde foi possível constatar que referido princípio faz parte de seus respectivos textos constitucionais. No Brasil, o princípio da duração razoável do processo encontra respaldo na Constituição Federal, bem como na legislação infraconstitucional. Por fim, foi possível verificar que, apesar dos avanços, as normas existentes combatem a morosidade do Fisco, mas não a inércia do Poder Judiciário, acarretando constantes violações a este princípio tão fundamental na seara tributária e no mundo do Direito como um todo.
Time Varying Marginal Emissions Intensity of Energy Consumption: Implications for Flexible Loads
Authors: Agwan Utkarsha , Bobick Samuel , Rangan Srinath , Poolla Kameshwar , Spanos Costas J.
Published: July 2023

Climate-conscious electricity consumers can modify their energy consumption patterns by shifting or shedding load in order to reduce carbon emissions. The impact of modified consumption on emissions is through the marginal emissions intensity, i.e., the emissionality of the marginal resource on the grid. The marginal emissions intensity varies with time, and we study the peaks and differences of this intensity over 2018. We find that alongside a seasonal pattern in emissions intensity, there are some times when it is particularly effective to shed or shift load. This has implications for situations when modifying consumption is expensive or causes discomfort to consumers, as it can help prioritise load shift/shed actions. We study the energy consumption patterns during these time periods and identify loads that might be particularly useful for load shed/shift.
The evolutionary dynamics of plastic foraging and its ecological consequences: a resource-consumer model
Authors: Ledru Léo , Garnier Jimmy , Guillot Océane , Faou Erwan , Ibanez Sébastien
Published: July 2023

Phenotypic plasticity has important ecological and evolutionary consequences. In particular, behavioural phenotypic plasticity such as plastic foraging (PF) by consumers, may enhance community stability. Yet little is known about the ecological conditions that favor the evolution of PF, and how the evolutionary dynamics of PF may modulate its effects on community stability. In order to address these questions, we constructed an eco evolutionary model in which resource and consumer niche traits underwent evolutionary diversification. Consumers could either forage randomly, only as a function of resources abundance, or plastically, as a function of resource abundance, suitability and consumption by competitors. PF evolved when the niche breadth of consumers with respect to resource use was large enough and when the ecological conditions allowed substantial functional diversification. In turn, PF promoted further diversification of the niche traits in both guilds. This suggests that phenotypic plasticity can influence the evolutionary dynamics at the community-level. Faced with a sudden environmental change, PF promoted community stability directly and also indirectly through its effects on functional diversity. However, other disturbances such as persistent environmental change and increases in mortality, caused the evolutionary regression of the PF behaviour, due to its costs. The causal relationships between PF, community stability and diversity are therefore intricate, and their outcome depends on the nature of the environmental disturbance, in contrast to simpler models claiming a direct positive relationship between PF and stability.
The influence of kaolin shape factor on the stiffness of coated papers
Authors: HUSBAND J.C. , GATE L.F. , NOROUZI N. , BLAIR D.
Published: July 2023

The mechanical properties of paper coating layers are very important in converting and printing operations. These include stiffness, resistance to fold cracking, dusting and pick resistance. In this study, researchers prepared unsupported coating layers and measured the in-plane tensile properties as a function of the kaolin particle aspect ratio. The results have then been compared with those from pilot coated papers containing the same clays. Kaolin-based coating layers differ from those based on ground calcium carbonate because of the platy nature of the clay particles. This gives different mechanical properties in the x-, y-, and z-directions. This research shows that a coating layer containing high-aspect-ratio fine clay has an elastic modulus seven or eight times greater than one containing only ground calcium carbonate. With appropriate binder systems, these layers can have a modulus which is of the same magnitude as that of the base paper. It is shown here that this improvement can be used advantageously to increase stiffness or to decrease basis weight to reduce cost while maintaining stiffness.
Synthesis of alkyd/acrylic hybrid latexes for paper coating applications
Authors: RAWLINS JAMES W. , FERGUSON RICHARD C. , STOCKETT ADAM S. , DUTTA SANDIPAN , DELATTE DAVID E.
Published: July 2023

Novel acrylic latexes based upon vegetable oil macromonomers (VOMMs) were developed for use in paper coatings formulations. The fatty acid pendant functionality internally plasticizes the latex while its unsatura-tion provides potential sites for oxidative crosslinking. The incorporation of copolymerizable fatty acid derivatives into latexes facilitates improved coalescence during film formation and exhibiting a post-application increase in glass transition temperature. When evaluated against commercial low carboxylation, modified styrene-acrylic latex in paper coating formulations, the VOMM-based latexes exhibited greater hydrophobicity and reduced surfactant migration.
Retaining Surface Fibrillation of Wet-Beaten Wood Pulp in the Dry State
Authors: MAO JINGLIANG , KADLA JOHN F. , KEREKES RICHARD J.
Published: July 2023

"Air filters produced from surface-fibrillated wood pulp may be a promising new, environmentally friendly means of removing pathogens from air. Such filters combine the attributes of large surface area with large permeability, are produced from a renewable resource, and are disposable by incineration as a carbon-neutral fuel when contaminated. We explored various approaches to producing high-surface fibrillated wood pulp fibers in the dry state and then forming them into high-performance filter pads. Wet beating of the bleached chemical pulp, followed by wet forming and partial freeze-drying to 85% consistency, then air-drying was the best approach. The resulting pads possessed large surface area and produced low pressure drop suitable for high-performance filtering of nano-size particles suspended in air."
Reduction of Organic Pollutants with Recovery of Value-Added Products From Soda Black Liquor of Agricultural Residues by Electrolysis
Authors: Ghatak Himadri Roy
Published: July 2023

Batch electrolysis experiments were carried out on soda black liquors from agricultural residues at different interelectrode potentials. At low potential, the process was slow but energy-efficient, providing partial COD removal. It produced lignin at the anode with the exclusion of oxygen evolution. Hydrogen was produced at the cathode as a value-added product. At high interelectrode potential, the nascent oxygen produced at the anode led to oxidation of the organics. With prolonged electrolysis, complete removal of COD was possible, with a solution of sodium carbonate remaining. Low-potential electrolysis required about 2000 J of electricity per gram of COD removed, producing 180–190 mL hydrogen and approximately 0.55 g lignin. Electricity requirement per gram of COD removed in high-potential electrolysis varied from approximately 17,700 J at 1.5 V to approximately 149,000 J at 12 V. Approximately 1365 mL of hydrogen was produced for every gram of COD removed.
Pozitif Psikolojik Sermayenin Mevcut ve Muhtemel Alt Boyutlarının Literatürdeki Seyri: Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz
Authors: ŞEVİK Ümit
Published: July 2023

Bu çalışma pozitif psikolojik sermayenin literatürdeki gelişim düzeyini alt boyutlar perspektifinden değerlendirmek maksadıyla yapılmıştır. Luthans, Youssef ve Avolio (2007b) çalışmalarında pozitif psikolojik sermayenin alt boyutlarına bilişsel (yaratıcılık ve bilgelik), duyuşsal (öznel iyi oluş, akış deneyimi, mizah anlayışı), sosyal (minnettarlık, bağışlayıcılık ve duygusal zekâ) ve üst düzey (maneviyat, otantiklik ve cesaret) özellikler kapsamında potansiyel boyutların gelecekte eklenebileceğini belirtmişlerdir. Pozitif psikolojik sermayenin hali hazırda en çok kullanılan öz yeterlilik, umut, iyimserlik ve dayanıklılık alt boyutlarına eklenecek potansiyel pozitif yapılar, kavramı geliştirecek ve güçlendirecektir. Luthans vd. ’nin (2007b) pozitif psikolojik sermayenin alt boyutlarının genişletilmesi beklentilerinin karşılanma durumunu tespit etmek maksadıyla Web of Science veri tabanı kullanılarak pozitif yapıları içeren bibliyometrik analiz yapılmıştır. 18 Mart 2023 tarihi itibariyle literatürde pozitif psikolojik sermayenin çalışıldığı 1904 çalışma tespit edilmiş olup bunlardan 302 çalışmada pozitif psikolojik sermaye potansiyel pozitif yapılarla birlikte çalışılmıştır. 302 çalışmaya yönelik yapılan içerik analizi sonucunda sadece 13 çalışmada pozitif psikolojik sermayenin alt boyutlarının pozitif yapılarla genişletildiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Pozitif psikolojik sermaye ile ilgili yapılan 1904 çalışmanın % 0,7’sinde alt boyutlara potansiyel pozitif yapılar eklenmiştir. Bu kapsamda literatürde pozitif psikolojik sermayenin çoğunlukla mevcut dört boyutlu yapısının kullanıldığı ancak Luthans vd. ’nin (2007b) gelecekteki eklenecek potansiyel alt boyutlara yönelik beklentilerinin karşılanmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmada pozitif psikolojik sermayenin yapısının geliştirilmesi ve genişletilmesine yönelik gelecekte yapılacak çalışmalara tavsiyelerde bulunulmuştur.
fomento de la educación socioemocional en alumnos de primer grado
Authors: Arán Sánchez Ana
Published: July 2023

Actualmente, el desarrollo de las habilidades relacionadas con la identificación y el manejo de las emociones en el alumnado se considera una prioridad en el sistema educativo, debido a los diferentes estudios que plantean la relación entre el fortalecimiento de estos aspectos y el desempeño académico, así como la cualidad de fungir como factores de protección frente a futuros problemas emocionales. La presente investigación muestra los resultados de un programa implementado en primero de primaria en una comunidad rural del estado de Chihuahua, centrado en el desarrollo de tres competencias socioemocionales: autoestima, autorregulación y empatía. De acuerdo al diagnóstico realizado a través de una guía de observación basada en el plan de estudios 2017, se diseñó e implementó un cronograma de intervención durante los primeros meses del ciclo escolar 2019-2020, con diversas estrategias y acciones para fortalecer estas habilidades en los estudiantes. El documento se enmarca en el paradigma Socio-crítico, con un enfoque cualitativo y la metodología de Investigación Acción del Profesor (IAP). Los resultados muestran la importancia de fortalecer el aspecto socioemocional desde el inicio de la educación básica, ya que favorece la convivencia grupal y un desarrollo integral en el alumno. 
Recepción: 20/12/2022. Aceptación: 5/3/2023. Publicación: 27/6/2023
sueño de la razón
Authors: Molinari Leticia
Published: July 2023

En esta propuesta, abordaremos dos obras homónimas, El sueño de la razón produce monstruos, ancladas en entornos distantes temporal y espacialmente: un grabado del artista español Francisco de Goya y Lucientes de fines del siglo XVIII y una pieza electroacústica del compositor argentino Ricardo de Armas de comienzos del siglo XXI. La obra sonora se inspira en el grabado y este es el punto de partida para un análisis entre ambas producciones en el cual aplicaremos principalmente el concepto de migración y sus niveles como herramienta metodológica desarrollada por la Dra. Cintia Cristiá. 
Recepción: 16/12/2023. Aceptación: 25/4/2023. Publicación: 27/6/2023
Haemodynamic Changes & Complications between Unilateral and Bilateral Spinal Anesthesia in Elderly Type-2 Diabetic Patient Undergoing Hemiarthoplasty – A Comparative Study
Authors: Ali Ferdous , Khalilullah Ibrahim , Jabbar A , Hasan M , Rahman M
Published: July 2023

Background: During spinal anesthesia, extend of sympathetic blockade causes hemodynamic instability,such as hypotension and bradycardia.It can lead to develop cardiac arrest in some cases. Elderly patientdo not compensate these haemodynamic change easily because of aging process leads some physiologicalchanges in all system especially on cardio vascular system e.g; decreased elasticity of vessels, decreasedvascular and myocardial compliance and also decreased autonomic responsiveness. It is hypothesizedthat unilateral spinal anesthesia restrict the spread of hyperbaric bupivacaine to one side only (dependentside) thus sparing the opposite sympathetic chain and hence would cause less haemodynamic changes.
Materials & Methods: This cross sectional study, took place in the department of Anaesthesiology andSICU, BIRDEM General Hospital, Shahbag, Dhaka. A total 60 elderly (age-60 to 80 years), ASA grade IIand III, type-2 Diabetic patients scheduled for hemiarthoplasty were enrolled in this study. Patients weredivided into two groups U & A, 30 patients in each. Subarachnoid (spinal) anaesthesia was performed inall patients with 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine intrathecally, at L3 - L4 interspinous spaces, with 25GQuinke’s spinal needle. Patients of group U were kept in lateral decubitus position which was maintainedfor 15 minutes after injecting bupivacaine and patients of group B were kept in supine position. Changesof BP, pulse and development of any complication was recorded in 5 minute interval after spinal anesthesia.All the informations were recorded in preformed data collection sheet.
Result: Compared with group U, group B showed statistically significant increase inheart rate at 10 minafter spinal anesthesia (p<0.05).Systolic BP was significantly lower in group B compared to group U in allrecorded time interval except at 60 minute.Diastolic blood pressure was significantly lower in group Bcompared to group U at 15, 30 and 45 minute reading. Regarding maen arterial pressure we found it wasreduced significantly in group B compared to group U in all the recorded time except at 60 minute(p<0.05). Present study showed none of the patients in the unilateral group experienced vomiting; onlytwo patients noticed nausea. In the bilateral group, seven patients had nausea and three of them experiencedepisodes of vomiting (p = 0.02). In group U, no case found hypotensive, only single developed bradycardia.In Group B 7 patients experienced hypotensions and 4 patients had bradycardia.
Conclusion: This study showed that the unilateral spinal anesthesia reduces the incidence and severityof hypotension, bradycardia and other complication in elderly type-2 diabetic patients. So unilateralspinal anaesthesia is more benifecial for elderly type-2 diabetic patient in hemiarthoplasty.
JBSA 2020; 33(2): 62-68
Association of Glycosylated Albumin Level with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Islam Fahmida , Kazal Rezaul Karim , Haque Nadira , Hosain Nazmul , Rumi Badrunnahar , Debnath Keya , Akter Ruma , Begum Marjia , Akhter Farhana
Published: July 2023

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a common medical disorder detected during pregnancy with adverse consequences on the health of the mother and the fetus. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is an important parameter of glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus. However, it only reflects the long-term glycemic status, but can’t reflect short term glycemic control. It has also been demonstrated that HbA1c does not reflect glycemic control accurately during pregnancy because of iron deficiency. But Glycosylated Albumin (GA) reflects average blood glucose within 2-3 weeks and is not influenced by iron deficiency. Therefore, glycosylated albumin may be used to measure recent changes in blood glucose level in GDM patients. The aim of the study is to evaluate the association of glycosylated albumin and glycemic status in GDM.

Materials and methods: This case control study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, BSMMU, Dhaka between August 2017 and December 2018. Atotal of 140 pregnant women between 18-35 years of age attending outdoor antenatal clinic in their second and third trimester of pregnancy were enrolled in this study. Among them 70 diagnosed case of GDM were considered as group I and rest 70 non-diabetic pregnant women were considered as control and group II. Plasma glycosylated albumin was measured in all of these patients. Statistical analysis of the results was obtained by using Windows based computer software devised with Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS-22).

Results: The mean glycosylated albumin was 17.12±2.00 (%) in group I and 12.90±1.03 (%) in group II. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between two groups. There was a positive significant moderate correlation (r=0.643, p=0.001) between glycosylated albumin (%) and 2 hours after 75 gm glucose in GDM patients. There was also a positive significant weak correlation (r=0.258, p=0.031) between GA and FBS in GDM patients.

Conclusion: A significant positive association was found between glycemic status in GDM and maternal glycosylated albumin levels. Therefore,glycosylated albumin may be applied to reflect the average blood glucose status in pregnant women with GDM.

JCMCTA 2021 ; 32 (2) : 64-69
Clinical Presentation, Management and Outcome of Gestational Trophoblastic Diseases Admitted in Chittagong Medical College Hospital
Authors: Jafrin Nilima , Chowdhury Shahanara , Mozumder Md Myen Uddin , Akter Shahin , Sultana Nasrin , Sharif S M Shalauddin , Barua Debjane
Published: July 2023

Background: Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD) is a heterogeneous group of diseases that includes partial and complete hydatidiform mole, invasive mole, choriocarcinoma and placental site trophoblastic tumour. The study aimed to determine the clinical presentation management options and outcome of GTD in patients admitted in a tertiary hospital of Bangladesh.

Materials and methods: This prospective observational study included 50 patients with GTD from the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of Chittagong Medical College Hospital, during the period of July 2013 to December 2013. The demographic profile, clinical presentation, management, outcome and complications were studied.

Results: Mean age was 25.40 ± 8.34 years with most of the patients (46%) were in age group 20 - 29 years. 42% participants were primigravida. The commonest symptom after bleeding per-vaginum (94%) was amenorrhea (90%). Maximum cases (80%) were of complete hydatidiform mole. Rate of progression to invasive mole and choriocarcinoma were found 6% and 10% respectively. Suction evacuation and hysterectomy were the treatment option. One patient (2%) expired due to excessive bleeding.

Conclusion: The majority of cases are cured by simple suction uterine curettage. Regular follow up is important to estimate the true incidence of this disease.

JCMCTA 2021 ; 32 (2) : 128-131
Fetus-in-Fetu: A Rare Entity
Authors: Clump Justin , Quadir Shabiha , Chowdhury Kakoli , Uddin Kazi Mohammad Moin
Published: July 2023

Background : Fetus in fetu is a rare congenital anomaly in which a malformed fetus or parasitic fetus grows within the body of its twin. It is a parasitic twin of a Diamniotic, monozygotic twin. Fetus in fetu is often overlooked in the differential diagnosis of an abdominal mass in infants and children. Teratoma is one of the closest differentials and must be excluded. Unlike teratomas, fetus in fetu is a benign disorder. The objective of our study is to describe the sonographic findings of an extremely rare pathology. We therefore the present diagnosis, pathology, management of fetus-in-fetu.

Case Presentation: On 6th June 2021, a two years boy was brought by his parents to Chittagong Medical College Hospital (CMCH) for treatment with the complains of abdominal mass, occasional abdominal pain and loss of appetite. The patient was evaluated radiologically by plain radiographs, USG and pre & post contrast CT scan of the abdomen. All radiological modalities showed a mass in the left lumber region having internal bony structures likelong bone, vertebra and teeth. CT scan played the vital role in clearly demonstrating the bones and confirming the presence of vertebra. Radiologically a diagnosis was made as fetus-in-fetu and the possibility of Teratoma was excluded by the presence of vertebra. The patient underwent surgery and the mass was completely excised. A deformed parasitic fetus enclosed in a complete capsule was removed from the patient’s abdominal cavity. Autopsy of the specimen showed deformed limbs, presence of vertebra, long bone, other soft tissue, organogenesis around an axis and histopathology confirmed the presence of vertebra, bone and bone marrow, cardiac muscle, nerve tissue, intestine, renal tubules with glomerulus, lymphoid tissue, respiratory epithelium and skin. All findings were compatible with fetus-in-fetu.

Conclusion : Although fetus in fetu is a rare condition, correct diagnosis using imaging can be made before surgery. It should be considered as a diffential diagnosis for lump abdomen especially in infant. Complete excision is curative.

JCMCTA 2021 ; 32 (2) : 151-155
Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Presented in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Hassan Hamid , Ali Mohammad Shawkat , Islam Md Asiful , Chowdhury Abu Taiub Mohammed Mohiuddin
Published: July 2023

Background: Risk factors for cardiovascular disease are particular habits, behaviors, circumstances or conditions that increase a person's risk of developing cardiovascular disease, including lack of exercise, unhealthy eating, smoking, diabetes, age and family history. Cardiovascular risk factors were observed and compared to find out their contribution among patients with SLE.

Materials and methods: In this case control study, consecutive patients with SLE attending the Department of Medicine Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) were studied. The control population was recruited from subjects attending the other departments of the hospital and healthy attendants. The prevalence of classic Framingham cardiovascular risk factors, lipid profile, other metabolic risk factors, lifestyle variables, and demographic characteristics were compared between the 2 groups.

Results: 80 SLE patients and 80 age and sex matched controls were studied. Patients with SLE had significantly high BMI and waist circumference (p_0.012 and p_0.001 respectively). Hypertension, diabetes were significantly more common among the SLE patients (31.29% versus 11.25%, p_0.023 and 13.75% versus 3.75, p_0.03). In comparison with control, patients with SLE had no significant difference in mean total cholesterol (193.92±23.65 versus 183.66±11.39, p_0.41) and triglyceride (174.77±60.06 versus 149.15±28.68, p_0.11), but had significantly higher low density lipoprotein (120.77±16.07 versus 108.17±11.68, p_0.00) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (41.37±4.52 versus 43.51±3.34, p_0.00).  

Conclusion: Patients with SLE have a range of detectable and significant cardiovascular risk factors.

JCMCTA 2022 ; 33 (1) : 160-165
Clinical Patterns of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Attending the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital
Authors: Md Abdul Hakim  , Shahanaz Akter Bijou  , Mausumi Iqbal  , Jakee Azam Sohan Abu Sayem Muhammad , Md Sied Iqbal  , Nawshin Nawar
Published: July 2023

Background: Oral cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers and a significant public health issue. Squamous cell carcinoma ofthe mouth is thought to account for more than 90% of all cases of oral cancer.Objectives: This study set out to gather baseline information on the prevalence of squamous cell carcinoma of the mouth (SCC) inBangladesh.Materials and Methods: This study was cross-sectional in nature. The Rajshahi Medical College Hospital's Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery assessed patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma from January 2019 to December 2021. The required information on age, sex, and residency ware retrieved from all registries when they had all been gathered. Clinical evaluation and pre-diagnosis were performed on each patient. Tissues were preserved in 10% buffered formalin after being removed from lesions and submitted for histological confirmation.Results: Squamous cell carcinoma was found in 52.17 % of men and 47.83 % of women. The 41–50 age range has the highest percentage, which is 39.13%. Oral, buccal mucosa (39.13%) was the initial location of oral squamous cell carcinoma incidence.Conclusion: Most cases of SCC, which account for the bulk of oral malignancies, occur in older people. It is important to take prevention and early detection seriously.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 14, No. 01, April 2023: 16-18
Haemolytic Disease of the Newborn
Authors: Mohammed Mejbahuddin Mia  , Muhammad Shahidul Islam  , Rubaiyat Farzana Hussain  , Samia Hoque
Published: July 2023

Background: Immune-mediated haemolytic disease of the newborn refers to a specific category of haemolytic anaemia that results from transplacental passage of IgG antibodies from a pre-sensitized mother to her fetus in utero. This occurs due to blood group incompatibility between the mother and the fetus. The clinical presentation covers a wide spectrum spanning from still births and erythroblastosis fetalis as well as infants born with only mild haemolysis to those having severe anaemia snd severe indirect hyperbilirubinaemia followed by hydrops.Objective: We describe the journey of a Rh-D negative mother who endured through six pregnancies in order to have a healthy baby.Conclusion: To highlight the importance of blood grouping and Rh typing during the first antenatal visit and subsequent monitoring of antibody titers, especially in a mother who is Rh-D negative.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 14, No. 01, April 2023: 54-56
Sekolah Perjumpaan (Social School) as a Model of Molding Social Character and Humanity Values for Teenagers
Authors: Lessy Zulkipli , Munib Abdul , Idris Saifullah , Mukmin Agus
Published: July 2023

This research aims to explore how Sekolah Perjumpaan (social school) in Midang Village, West Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat Province shapes the social character of local teenagers. The research method used was a case study with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used observations and in-depth interviews with mentors, religious leaders, governmental representatives, and members of the Midang Village community to discern social activities at Sekolah Perjumpaan. Data was then analyzed by categorizing similarities and differences in themes, previously managed through data reduction, data display, and data verification to yield findings. The findings showed that Sekolah Perjumpaan maintained social harmony, which was built upon the foundations of social norms as the ethical basis for strengthening intrapersonal relationships and a life guide adopted by teenagers. Social characters and human values were implemented at Sekolah Perjumpaan, which resulted in reciprocal shares and mutual respects that mirror the attitudes, such as proper self-positioning, good attitudes, and responsibility. Additionally, Sekolah Perjumpaan had existed to teach patience, sincerity, consciousness, or commitment to doing good.
Investigating Vocational High school Teachers’ Challenges in Integrating Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) into EFL Classes
Authors: Lubis Nur Halimah , Fithriani Rahmah
Published: July 2023

This study aims to identify and investigate the difficulties encountered by English teachers utilizing Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI) in a vocational high school in Mandailing Natal, North Sumatra. This research used a qualitative descriptive method, in which description was used to analyze and interpret data. Six school English teachers were interviewed and observed during their classroom practice. The collected data were analyzed using coding techniques. The findings of this study indicated that English teachers continued to confront numerous obstacles and difficulties in their instruction, particularly regarding the use of technology. This difficulty arose for several reasons, spanning from the need to invest a substantial amount of time to increase technological skill to the absence of adequate technological resources and support. Therefore, schools must focus on rectifying facility deficiencies, particularly in technology and other facilities that support instruction. Teachers and Educators must also be capable of judiciously utilizing available technology to implement simplified methods optimally.
Physics Education Technology Project (PhET): Interactive Simulation to Improve Students' Understanding of Concepts and Perceptions
Authors: Samitra Dian , Firdaus M. Lutfi , Krisnawati Yuni
Published: July 2023

This study aims to analyze 1) the effect of PhET Gene Expression on students' conceptual understanding and 2) students' perceptions of the Gene Expression Essentials simulation. The research method used was Quasi Experiment with a quantitative approach. The research design used a one-group pretest-posttest design. In the treatment phase, students learned using gene expression simulations from PhET simulations. Data on students' understanding of concepts were obtained from tests and perceptions using a questionnaire. Data analysis used the t-test with the help of SPSS 23 and descriptively. The Paired sample t-Test analysis results showed that the significance was 0.000 <0.05. Students stated that PhET in motivation, effectiveness, benefits, and presentation had high interpretations. Based on the research that has been done, PhET Gene Expression Essentials influences students' understanding of concepts, and students respond positively to PhET Gene Expression Essentials.
Voltaic Cell Practical Guide Application Based on Mobile-Augmented Reality to Improve Student's Understanding Concepts
Authors: Alya Aiza , Lutfi Achmad , Dwiningsih Kusumawati
Published: July 2023

This study aims to analyze the practicality, feasibility, and effectiveness of learning media as an augmented reality-based practicum guide application for students' conceptual understanding of voltaic cells. The application development used the Thiagarajan development method with the 4-D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate), but it was sufficiently developed to be 3-D. A limited trial with seventeen Al-Falah Senior High School students was conducted in August 2021 on students who had been given voltaic cell material. Pretest-posttest sheets, validation-review sheets, and student response questionnaires were used as research instruments. The data analysis technique used quantitative description. Pretest and posttest results were analyzed based on normality, paired sample test, and N-gain. The results of this study indicated that the developed application could improve students' understanding of concepts. The application validation results obtained a content validation score of 94%, a construct validation score of 86%, a presentation-related validation score of 96%, and a language-related validation score of 90%, indicating that it was very valid. The application was practical because the average percentage of responses was 92%. Based on the t-test with a significance value of 5% that yielded the Sig value, the application was reported to be very effective. 0.00 0.05 (2-tailed) and an N-gain analysis score of 0.83 > 0.7.
Short-term Clinical Outcomes after Flanged Intrascleral Fixation of Intraocular Lenses Using Oblique Intrascleral Tunnels
Authors: Choi Hyeon Gyu , Kim Yong-Kyu , Park Sung Pyo , Kim Yong Dae
Published: July 2023

Purpose: To report the short-term clinical outcomes after intrascleral fixation of intraocular lenses (IOLs) using oblique intrascleral tunnels.Methods: We retrospectively studied 17 patients (18 eyes) who underwent flanged intrascleral IOL fixation from October 2019 to October 2021. The patients were divided into those who underwent fixation using horizontal (group A) and oblique (group B) intrascleral tunnels. We compared the best-corrected visual acuities (BCVAs), cylindrical powers, refractive errors (the differences between the targeted spherical equivalents [SEs] and postoperative SEs) before and 3 months after surgery, and operating times.Results: At 3 months vs. preoperatively, there were no significant differences in BCVA (-0.83 ± 0.43 vs. -0.48 ± 0.59), refractive error (-0.06 ± 0.97 diopter [D] vs. -0.05 ± 0.80 D), cylindrical power (-0.42 ± 3.81 D vs. -0.33 ± 1.20 D), or operating time (83.33 ± 28.05 minutes [min] vs. 66.33 ± 20.57 min) between groups A and B, respectively.Conclusions: In terms of the short-term clinical outcomes after use of horizontal and oblique intrascleral tunnels, we found no significant differences in any parameters studied. However, use of an oblique intrascleral tunnel may shorten the operating time.