bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NEEM-BASED ZINC OXIDE PHOTOCATALYST
Authors: Gana I.N , Ohageria V.U , Akpan U.G , Ani I.J
Published: April 2021

The use of chemicals for the synthesis of photocatalyts poses threat to the environment. In this study, an active photocatalyst, Dalbejiya Dongoyaro (Azadirachta indica)-based zinc oxide (ZnO) was biosynthesized from zinc acetate dihydrate using sol gel and precipitation methods. The synthesized samples were characterized using Fourier Transfer InfraRed (FTIR), X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD), Brunauer Emmet Teller (BET), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) characterization techniques. The XRD and SEM analysis of the green synthesized and non-green synthesized ZnO demonstrated the formation of hexagonal wurtzite crystalline structure and agglomerated morphology. EDX analysis demonstrated the existence of Zn and O as the major constituents of the as-synthesized nanoparticles with traces of carbon which could be attributed to the carbon tape of the sample holder. The BET analysis displayed that the surface area of the ZnO nanoparticles increased from 23.75 to 97.08 cm3/g after the green synthesis. Based on the surface area values, it can be derived that neem leaf extract enhanced the surface area of the green synthesized sample. Green synthesis is a promising route for the synthesis of photocatalyst nanoparticle which is environmentally friendly and sustainable method. Keywords: Zinc oxide, Neem leaf extract, Photocatalyt, Degradation, Bio-synthesis
Validation of the lingual frenulum protocol for infants
Authors:   Hospital Santa Therezinha, Brazil, Martinelli Roberta , Marchesan Irene ,   CEFAC, Brasil, Lauris Jose ,   Universidade de Sao Paulo, Honorio Heitor , Gusmão Reinaldo , Berretin-Felix Giedre
Published: April 2021

Introduction: In Brazil, the law 13.002/2014 states that all newborns in the country must undergo lingual frenulum assessment before hospital discharge. Objective: To validate the Lingual Frenulum Protocol for Infants. Material and Methods: The study used data from 100 infants assessed at 30 days of life at Santa Therezinha Hospital, in Brotas, SP, Brazil. The LFPI was administered to the 30-day-old infants and all assessments were registered in patient records and videotaped. Live exams, assessments and re-assessments using images of the infants were performed by two examiners experienced in Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders. The study included healthy full-term infants of both genders, who were being breastfed exclusively. Prematurity, perinatal complications, craniofacial anomalies, neurological disorders, and visible genetics syndromes were the exclusion criteria. The validation process included the analysis of content validity, criterion validity, construct validity, reliability, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. Results: Concerning content validity, the percentage of agreement was 100%. The criterion validity was measured by comparing the common items of the LFPI and BTAT. The agreement percentage for the analyzed items was 100%. The construct validity was analyzed by comparing the partial and total scores from the assessment of infants with and without lingual frenulum alteration at 30 and 75 days of life. Results demonstrated similarity of scores between the control group and the group that underwent frenotomy. The results from the inter-rater and intra-rater agreement analysis indicated perfect agreement. The values of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 100%. Conclusion: The study concluded that the LFPI was a valid and reliable assessment too that ensures accuracy when diagnosing lingual frenulum alterations within the investigated parameters.
The influence of lexical factors on vowel distinctiveness: Effects of jaw positioning
Authors:   University of Minnesota, Munson Benjamin ,   Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Solomon Nancy
Published: April 2021

The phonetic characteristics of words are influenced by lexical characteristics, including word frequency and phonological neighborhood density (Baese-Berke & Goldrick, 2009; Wright, 2004). In our previous research, we replicated this effect with neurologically healthy young adults (Munson & Solomon, 2004). In research with the same set of participants, we showed that speech sounded less natural when produced with bite blocks than with an unconstrained jaw (Solomon, Makashay, & Munson, 2016). The current study combined these concepts to examine whether a bite-block perturbation exaggerated or reduced the effects of lexical factors on normal speech. Ten young adults produced more challenging lexical stimuli (i.e. infrequent words with many phonological neighbors) with shorter vowels and more disperse F1/F2 spaces than less challenging words (i.e. frequent words with few phonological neighbors). This difference was exaggerated when speaking with a 10-mm bite block, though the interaction between jaw positioning and lexical competition did not achieve statistical significance. Results indicate that talkers alter vowel characteristics in response both to biomechanical and linguistic demands, and that the effect of lexical characteristics is robust to the articulatory reorganization required for successful bite-block compensation.
Ոչ գրական (բարբառային և խոսակցական) լեզվաշերտը Հրանտ Մաթևոսյանի «Աշնան արև» ստեղծագործության մեջ
Authors: Manucharyan Svetlana
Published: April 2021

The article examines the non-literary (dialectal and colloquial) language layer of «Autumn Sun». The purpose of the staudy is to present the linguistic-stylistic expression of the elements that include that language layer. In order to achieve the goal, the objective of investigating the peculiarities of textual reality has been set forth. The colloquial and dialectal realities that deviate from the existing literary norms in the field of research are mainly general of the Araratian and Karabakh dialects and typical, the Lori dialect in particular. They are verbal and grammatical phenomena formed as a result of different types of an alternation. In this work, the words and phrases of a non-literary language layer have been used mainly to create an artistic environment and characters. Especially the speech of heroes is rich in such examples. Folk-colloquial and dialectal language layers differ from literary ones in nominal and verbal forms, which are also common in the examined work. The word forms and grammatical realities that are included in the dialect vocabulary have a localized nature, the proper use of which gives an emotional expression to the artistic speech.
Methods of synthesis and comparison have been used during the research.
In the studied language material, currently after the literary forms, the folk-colloquial and then dialectal versions have a significant weight, and only the words and phrases specific to the Lori dialect are few.
Use of Entertaining Educational Materials in Primary Education (Science Teaching With Games)
Authors: TOK TURAN Zerrin , ALTUN YALÇIN Sema , ÇAKIR Zehra
Published: April 2021

The aim of the research is to examine the effect of game method made with entertaining educational materials on student's attitude towards science lesson and academic success. The sample consists of 30 (6th grade) students, consisting of experimental and control groups. The research was applied for three weeks, 12 lesson hours in total. Mixed method was used in the study. Data collection tools "Attitude Scale towards Science", "Academic Achievement Test", "Student Interview Form and Researcher Observation Form" were used. The unit of “Conduction of Electricity” in the 6th grade curriculum of primary education was chosen and the experimental group was taught with the method of play with entertaining educational materials, while the control group included a teaching method in accordance with the curriculum. As a result, a significant difference was found between the attitudes of both groups. Based on this result, it can be said that "Game Method with Entertaining Educational Materials" is more effective than teaching methods in accordance with the curriculum on students' attitudes towards science lesson. There was no difference in academic achievement test results. Interview results are; They stated that they did not have any difficulties while learning the subject, that they learned with fun, that they were happy in the lesson and that they were eagerly awaiting the next lesson. In the results of the observation form, it was seen that cooperation, responsibility, self-confidence and peer teaching among students increased.
O amparo à infância como projeto social
Authors: Mattos Renan Santos
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo destacar a atuação de grupos espíritas da cidade de Santa Maria no que se refere às preocupações com a infância entre 1930 a 1945. Nesse cenário, o amplo debate sobre a vulnerabilidade social e a questão social converge para a consolidação das instituições voltadas a acolher e instruir meninos e meninas na cidade de Santa Maria-RS. Assim, interessa-nos, no âmbito da atuação social do espiritismo, discutir a compreensão sobre a infância e a proposta escolarização por parte dos espíritas da cidade de Santa Maria, em que a educação profissional aparece como horizonte de interpretação em acordo com o debate sobre as políticas educacionais da época.
Imagem e história
Authors: Reis Renata
Published: April 2021

Este artigo propõe uma reflexão metodológica sobre o uso da fotografia como fonte para a pesquisa histórica no campo trabalho-educação, a partir do dialogo com alguns autores que pensam o objeto fotográfico, seu caráter monumental e documental, o estatuto e valor da fotografia como fonte arquivística disponível para uso. A partir das imagens pertencentes ao Departamento de Arquivo e Documentação da Casa de Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz, procura analisar as relações de trabalho no Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, atual Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), em suas três primeiras décadas de atuação, a partir do universo dos auxiliares de laboratório dos cientistas. Compreendendo que uma imagem é e não é ao mesmo tempo, mostra e dissimula, as fotografias que retratam os auxiliares de laboratório do Instituto carregam um sentido histórico quando percebidas no conjunto de relações sociais de produção da existência, em um determinado contexto, refletindo concepções e ideologias relativas aos atuais trabalhadores técnicos e, em nosso caso particular, aos atuais trabalhadores técnicos da saúde.
"Comando Organizado do Maranhão" (C.O.M) e a guerra de facções na periferia maranhense
Authors: Lopes Silva Luiz Eduardo , Bezerra Vinicius
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo se ocupa em analisar a historicidade de uma organização criminosa intitulada “Comando Organizado do Maranhão” (C.O.M), que surgiu no ano de 2015, passando a atuar não apenas no interior do sistema carcerário estadual, mas igualmente sobre um vasto território da periferia recente da capital maranhense, tendo como epicentro o bairro da Cidade Olímpica, o que contribuiu sobremaneira para torná-lo o líder em número de assassinatos em São Luís. Tratamos com uma variedade razoável de fontes, entre as quais o funk proibidão, o discurso (tele)jornalístico e o Estatuto do C.O.M, como documentos que, emanados de atores sociais cujas representações frequentemente colidem, ajudam a compor a historicidade e o sentido auto organizativo do Comando Organizado do Maranhão (C.O.M) no quadro da guerra de facções em um complexo periférico maranhense, mediante sua análise discursiva.
Enseigner en prision
Authors: Silva Junior Dinaldo , Granger Stéphane
Published: April 2021

RESUMÉ: Cette étude est le résultat de recherches et de d’expériences professionnelles au Centre pénitentiaire de Rémire-Montjoly en Guyane en 2015-20l6, lors de la mise en place du premier volet du projet brésilien d’extension d’activités en contexte pénitentiaire intitulé Education carcérale transfrontalière. Elle se veut une réflexion sur les pratiques et contributions d’éducateurs et d’apprenants intervenant dans un contexte spatial différent de leur environnement habituel, en l’occurrence ici l’univers carcéral. En effet, l’objectif de ce projet est de développer des activités d’enseignement auprès des détenus brésiliens de cet établissement, afin de les préparer aux Examens de Certification nationale, comme l’Examen national de Certification des Compétences des Jeunes et Adultes (ENCCEJA) et l’Examen national de l’Enseignement secondaire (ENEM), afin qu’ils obtiennent un diplôme facilitant une insertion dans la vie active au Brésil après l’accomplissement de leur peine en Guyane Française.

Mots-clés: Enseignement en prison, Espace, Guyane Française.
Awareness and understanding of risk factors for intestinal parasitic infections at a public university in southern Brazil
Authors: Sironi Brenda Bareta , Fernanda Schneider Driele , Barbosa de Oliveira Joanna , Niero Santos Leonardo , Queiroz Rodrigues de Moraes Raul , Jean de Ornelas Toledo Max
Published: April 2021

Intestinal parasitoses are highly prevalent in underdeveloped countries such as Brazil. These infirmities may be analyzed looking at the epidemiological triad of the diseases, which consists of host health, the parasite itself and the environment in question. This study aimed to identify the presence of predisposing factors for contamination by enteroparasites in the students of a public university in the South of Brazil. A transversal and descriptive study was carried out with qualitative and quantitative components, and data prospection by means of a questionnaire answered by the students. Only 63.9% of the subjects wash their hands before meals. However, the most alarming factor observed was the environmental instance as the university restroomsare often unclean, which was reported in 99.0% of the questionnaires.KEY WORDS: Intestinal parasites; undergraduate students; health-education
Codeswitching entre línguas de sinais e as escolhas linguísticas de surdos venezuelanos no Brasil
Authors: Mesquita Rodrigo , Pedrozo da Cruz Alessandra
Published: April 2021

O artigo analisa a correlação entre o uso de codeswitching por imigrantes surdos venezuelanos bilíngues que vivem no Brasil e os fatores sociais e situacionais que explicam preferências e intenções dos indivíduos. Propõe-se como objetivo rastrear processos inferenciais através dos quais as escolhas linguísticas dos indivíduos transmitem evidências sobre os processos identitários e relações interpessoais que configuram algumas de suas interações cotidianas. A etnografia da comunicação (HYMES, 1972; 1986) orientou os procedimentos teórico-metodológicos de coleta de dados. Os modelos de Escolha Racional (MYERS-SCOTTON; BOLONYAI, 2001) e de Marcação (MYERS-SCOTTON, 1993) dão o suporte teórico para a análise dos dados, indicando que as escolhas linguísticas dos imigrantes foram orientadas para uma melhor adaptação a um novo contexto e a busca por melhores condições de vida.
Impact of Freedom of Choice on Income: An Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Mumtaz Humaira , Malik Muhammad Asif , Javaid Haroon , Naseer Asad ur Rehman
Published: April 2021

People make hundreds of economic decisions each day, from what they will eat or even to decide career move. Research advocates that human behavior is strongly affected by freedom given to him and those blocks avoid them to act in accordance to their interests. The current study under hand is an attempt to explore the impact of freedom of choice on household incomes. Study consumed World Value Survey data for the years 2012-2014 for Pakistan. A simple Linear Regression analysis was used to measure the psychological behaviors on decisions which further affects the income of households in Pakistan (N=1200 where Punjab=604, Sindh=278, KPK=168 and Balochistan=150 ). Here Income of an individual is taken as dependent variable and Socio-economic variables (Freedom of choice, Mistrust, Risk aversion, Creativity, Loneliness, Age, Gender, Employment level, No. of children) were taken as independent variables. Study revealed that freedom has a positive impact on income of an individual. It is also concluded by the research that persons with higher level of perceived decision freedom tend to be more resilient and ultimately finds best ways to increase his income level.
THE CHALLENGES FACING THE EDUCATION SYSTEM INTO PANDEMIC CONDITIONS AND WAYS TO SOLVE THEM – GEORGIAN EXPERIENCE
Authors: Valishvili Tea , Genelidze Lia , Balanchivadze Iagor
Published: April 2021

2020 turned out to be a time of mobilization of special efforts for the whole world. Many countries have faced great challenges due to the widespread pandemic; it also has affected educational systems worldwide. Georgia was one of them, so Georgian government has begun to work hardly and has quickly switched to a new system, especially in education. In this topic, we will discuss the situation in Georgia in the education system before pandemic, what the Ministry of Education, Science, Culture and Sports of Georgia done, how schools and universities worked to introduction e-learning program for students and how they were engaged in this time. During this period we also conducted online survey of about 900 people of all ages, who were involved in e-learning
process, including pupils, students, lecturers, and teachers. We studied how they assessed the e-learning process, what problems they faced, what they learned and how they would use this experience in the future.
POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF CROATIA’S EU INTEGRATION
Authors: Dzotsenidze Tsitsino
Published: April 2021

Regional economic cooperation is of great importance. For these countries, rapid economic development is a major concern on the path to EU integration. Economic development without cooperation is unthinkable. There are many issues in such areas as trade, energy security, transport issues and other. Because the economies of countries are fragmented regional cooperation is necessary to eliminate these problems.
We have to define the strategy of European Union with Serbia and Croatia. For the EU, regional cooperation with the Western Balkans, including Serbia and Croatia, as well as its deepening, especially between the countries of the Western Balkans, is a top priority, since such cooperation is a key factor in political stability, economic development and security.
In our opinion economical indicators give us some idea of the development dynamics of these two countries. Despite cultural, political and historical differences, Serbia will also be able to take an interest in deepening economic, cultural and political co-operation with the EU, including Croatia
Analisis Performa Reference Signal Received Power Akibat Rugi-Rugi Propagasi Pada Frekuensi 2300 MHz Dengan Model Okumura
Authors: Palinggi Sandryones , Aan Saputra
Published: April 2021

Teknologi seluler, terutama 4G-LTE, telah berkembang ke arah yang jauh lebih canggih. Teknologi 4G-LTE merupakan kelanjutan dari teknologi sebelumnya yang disebut 3G. Dalam penelitian ini, perhitungan kekuatan sinyal kemudian digunakan untuk menghitung kerugian yang terjadi pada frekuensi 2300 MHz di sepanjang Jalan Cihampelas Bandung, yang memiliki panjang lintasan 2.7 Km. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif yang menggunakan data primer hasil pengukuran, kemudian membandingkannya dengan metode empiris dalam bentuk perhitungan ideal. Perhitungan di lingkungan outdoor menggunakan Model Okumura dengan mempertimbangkan topologi maupun rugi-rugi propagasi di sepanjang Jalan Cihampelas Bandung seperti Skywalk Cihampelas dan bangunan bertingkat. Hasil penelitian ini dinyatakan dalam bentuk tabel dan grafik dengan menggunakan Matlab sehingga mudah untuk menarik hasil analisis dari penelitian yang dilakukan, yang mana diketahui bahwa rugi-rugi propagasi yang terjadi mempengaruhi Reference Signal Received Power dari jaringan komunikasi seluler berbasis teknologi 4G-LTE.
The Comparative Study for Predicting Disease Outbreak
Authors: Faricha Anifatul , M. Achirul Nanda  , Siti Maghfirotul Ulyah  , Ni'matut Tamimah  , Enny Indasyah  , Robin Addwiyansyah Alvaro Samrat
Published: April 2021

To know the prediction of disease outbreak, proper predictive modeling is required to represent the dataset. This study presents the comparative predictive modeling for predicting disease outbreak using two models i.e., optimizable support vector machine (SVM) and optimizable gaussian process regression (GPR). The dataset used in this study contains three cases i.e., positive cases, recovered cases, and death cases. The dataset at each case is divided into training dataset for the training process and external validation dataset for the validation process. Based on the training process and validation process, the root mean square error (RMSE) at positive cases, recovered cases, and death cases using optimizable GPR is substantially more effective for prediction than the optimizable SVM. According to the result performance, by applying optimizable GPR, the training process has the average RMSE of 19.54 and the validation process has the average RMSE of 15.85.
Algoritme Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) untuk Optimasi Perencanaan Produksi Agregat Multi-Site pada Industri Tekstil Rumahan
Authors: Rizki Agung Mustika , Nurlaili Afina Lina
Published: April 2021

In the industrial world, companies need to manage their production areas well. One way is to implement aggregate production planning. The goal is that the production costs incurred by the company can be controlled properly. However, production planning cannot be formulated quickly. The problem is more complicated if the company has several production locations. The difference in location also affects the production references and standards applied in each location. Based on these problems, the authors propose to apply the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to solve the problem of aggregate production planning in order to obtain the optimal solution for each production location. As a result, the algorithm proposed by the author can produce optimal and efficient solutions for 6 production sites. This is evidenced by the relatively short time required compared to the previous planning by the company.
Health-related quality of life: SF-36 based random survey of adults of Peshawar city, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Raza Ali , Hussain Zainab , Khan Laila , Farooq Kashaf ud Dua , Zuhra Arwa tu , Waqas Saad bin Abi , Khattak Nauman , Idrees Talha , Ahmad Mustafa , Wazir Faisal , Asfandiyar Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is an individual's satisfaction or happiness with the dimensions of life mentioned above, in the context of being affected by or affecting the individual’s health. There have been multiple standardized questionnaires developed to evaluate the HRQOL of people, and the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) is one of them.

Objective: To assess the health-related quality of life of the general adult population of Peshawar city by use of the SF-36 survey form.

Materials & methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Peshawar city from March to May 2019. The sample comprised of 263 respondents aged 18 and above. Data were collected by systematic random sampling of households using the SF-36 survey form and analyzed using SPSS version 22.

Results: A total of 263 questionnaires were fully filled and valid. Of the 263, 66.9% were male (n=176) and 33.1 % were female (n=87). The age of the participants ranged from 18-70 years, with a mean age of 30.5 ± 11.3 years.   The domain value for SF at 67.78, followed closely by BP at 67.54, then MH at 62.69, PF at 61.27, GH at 60.50, VT at 62.69, RP at 57.03, and the lowest value was of RE at 56.52.

Conclusion: The study revealed that the HRQOL of the population of Peshawar city was less as compared to other international studies. It showed males had a better HRQOL in all domains except one. The HRQOL also declined with increasing age.

Keywords: Quality of Life; Adult; Mental Health; Health Surveys
Urinary excretion of electrolytes and their correlation with clinical parameters in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Bukhari Ashaf Ahmad Shah , Durrani Mehwish , Khan Zulfania , Shafiq Muhammad , Tauqir Saman , Rehman Aziz ur
Published: April 2021

Introduction: With the increasing incidence of chronic renal disease on a global scale, it is important to document the chemical abnormalities that not only indicate deteriorating renal function, but also aggravate the clinical picture by causing sustained electrolyte imbalance, ultimately contributing to End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD).

Objective: To investigate 24-hr urinary electrolytes excretion of non-dialysis patients presenting with history of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and correlate the biochemical abnormalities with clinical parameters.

Materials & Methods: A total of 100 patients with CKD were included in a private clinic setup from February 2017 to December 2019 to retrospectively analyze the relationship of 24-hr urinary electrolytes with clinical indicators in these subjects. Besides demographic data, biochemical indices of concern were obtained through standard laboratory techniques. The patients were then divided on the basis of results into four quartile groups. Descriptive data analysis was done through SPSS 22.0.

Results: Nephropathic patients had low eGFR, albumin, hemoglobin, blood calcium as well as 24-hr urine calcium and had high body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, blood creatinine, blood sodium and 24-hr urine sodium. According to quartiles of 24-hr urinary sodium; in the Q4 group, 24-hr urine protein, 24-hr urine potassium and 24-hr urine calcium were the highest while according to quartile of 24-hr urinary potassium; the Q3 group had the highest 24-hr urine protein. According to quartile of urinary calcium, Q4 group blood calcium, 24-hr urine sodium and 24-hr urine potassium was high. The results revealed a positive correlation of 24-hr urinary sodium and potassium with 24-hr urine protein and a negative correlation of 24⁃hr urinary calcium with 24-hr urine protein.

Conclusion: The levels of urinary electrolytes in patients with CKD are associated with urinary protein. It is, therefore, recommended that the above-mentioned disease be treated in these patients for their proper management.

Keywords: Urine Chemistry; Proteinuria; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic.
The role of Charakokta Varnya Mahakashaya for maintenance of skin complexion (Varnya Vriddhi ) – a literature review
Authors: Parde Pallavi R.
Published: April 2021

Beauty is a subject of socio-medical importance. Cosmetics are used in a wide range throughout the world which leads to many hazardous effects due to chemicals contain. The aim of this study is to evaluate the use and the mode of action of herbs mentioned in Varnya Mahakashaya of Acharya Charak for maintenance of skin complexion i.e. for Varna Vriddhi of Twaka or Rupaprasadan.  According to Ayurveda Skin is divided in 7 different layers – Avabhasini, Lohita, Shweta, Tamra, Vedini, Rohini, Mamsadhara. These layers are responsible for various characters of skin like complexion, and also the Bhrajak Pitta which is closely associated with skin is responsible for skin complexion. The Charak Samhita is great text in Ayurveda stated a group of 10 medicinal plants known as Varnya Mahakashaya that can be used to obtain glowing skin. It includes- Shweta Chandan ( Sntalum albam ), Nagakeshar (Mesuva ferra), Padmak (Prnus cerasoides) , Ushira (Vetiveria zizanioides), Madhuka (Glycerrhiza glabra), Manjishtha (Rubia cordifolia), Sariva (Hemidesmus indicus), Payasya (Ipomoea digitata), Sita (white variety of Cynodon dactylon) and Lata (green veriety of Cynodon dactylon). These drugs can be used individually or in combination also internally and externally. All of them work under varnya, raktashodhak, pittashamak, kushthaghna guna. Most of them are prescribed for skin diseases, the pharmacological properties of these herbs indicate complexion promotion action.
Importance and utility of Charak Samhita Vimanasthan.
Authors: Parkanthe Ashwini R.
Published: April 2021

The Charak Samhita is well known Ayurveda classic accredited for its deliberations on basic principles of Ayurveda. It is considered to be a complete text having no short comings. It is also termed as the kalpadruma by the revered commentator Gangadhar Roy. As the legend says, the kalpdruma is a tree that fulfills ones wish and has a plenty to offer. Similarly, the Charak Samhita is a treasure trove of Ayurveda knowledge having unfathomable capacity to deliver the desired. Although, all the eight sections of the text namely sthana are unique in their content, the vimanasthana is a special unit conspicuous by its presence in the Charak Samhita. The other classics like the Sushrut Samhita and Ashtang Hridayam of Vagbhatta lack the vimanasthana. The vimanasthana is the knowledge and measurement unit. It specifies the mode of measurement of doshadi along with the very significant topic of the teaching, research and so on. Therefore, here an attempt has been made to bring the light on significance of vimanasthana.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Orangtua di Era Digital melalui program Islamic Parenting
Authors: Rahmawati Rina , Wanti Alma Gina , Renaldi Aldi , Gusmawan Gusmawan , Azizah Isni Nur , Wilodati Wilodati
Published: April 2021

Desa Cihawuk, Kabupaten Bandung merupakan salah satu desa yang sudah terkena dampak negatif dari perkembangan teknologi, khususnya internet. Sayangnya, perkembangan teknologi di Desa Cihawuk tidak dibarengi dengan kemampuan literasi digital dan pengetahuan yang memadai mengenai penggunaan teknologi dengan tepat guna, sehingga banyak anak dan remaja terancam dengan bahaya potensial dunia digital. Salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut yakni dengan menanamkan digital resilience atau ketahanan digital pada anak yang berfungsi sebagai filter dan barrier bagi anak dalam menghadapi bahaya potensial era digital. Gagasan tersebut dituangkan dalam pelatihan Islamic Digital Parenting kepada orangtua di Desa Cihawuk. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Studi kasus dengan simulasi parenting. Hasil dari program ini adalah (1) adanya peningkatan pemahaman dan pengetahuan peserta mengenai potensi dan ancaman era digital, yang meningkat sebanyak 35-40% setelah mengikuti pelatihan; (2) adanya peningkatan keterampilan pengasuhan orang tua yang meningkat sebanyak 5-10% setelah diberikan pelatihan. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, program Islamic Digital Parenting dapat dikatakan berhasil meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan masyarakat.
Thoughts on the Launching of a New Journal: A Complex Dynamic Systems Perspective
Authors: Larsen-Freeman Diane
Published: April 2021

The launching of The Journal for the Psychology of Language Learning is a signal achievement. I begin this commentary by speculating on why it is that the Psychology of Language Learning (PLL) has enjoyed such vigor of late. I expect that one reason is the coming together of a critical mass of researchers and strong leaders over their shared interests. A second reason may be that a new way of looking at familiar phenomena was introduced in the form of complex dynamic systems theory (CDST). Building on this supposition, I proceed to recommend extending CDST thinking in some new ways in PLL. These ways are phenomenological, relational, processual, and transdisciplinary. I conclude by urging the PLL community to remain connected with other areas of applied linguistics so that it may continue to contribute to a knowledge-building community.
Book Review: Positive Psychology Perspectives on Foreign Language Learning and Teaching. Edited Collection by Danuta Gabryś-Barker and Dagmara Galajda.
Authors: Babic Sonja
Published: April 2021

Traditionally, within psychology, the focus has been on the negative aspects of human functioning and how to improve and treat problems. Positive Psychology (PP) emerged to balance the field by ensuring a consideration of both positive and negative dimensions; to examine what goes well in life as well as instances of disorder and dysfunction. As a result, PP concentrates on “positive emotion, positive character traits, and institutions that enable individuals to flourish” (MacIntyre, 2016, p. 3). PP has recently started gaining researchers’ attention in language learning and teaching (MacIntyre, Gregersen, & Mercer, 2016), although it is still in its infancy within Second Language Acquisition (SLA). This volume is one of the first few edited collections to address this nascent field. It comprises theoretical, practical and empirical studies of foreign language learning and teaching through the lens of PP. It encompasses four main sections, namely, introducing PP in SLA; focus on learners: positive interventions; focus on teachers: personal and professional wellbeing; and, focus on assessment: achievement and success.
Metacognitive Awareness in Language Learning Strategies and Strategy Instruction in CLIL Settings
Authors: Ruiz de Zarobe Yolanda , Smala Simone
Published: April 2021

This article contrasts two studies that focus on language learning strategies (Study 1) and strategy instruction (Study 2) in CLIL programs. Drawing from the literature on language learning strategies and strategy instruction, we propose a theoretical framework that takes into account metacognitive awareness as a useful concept to capture the interrelatedness of teaching, learning and using language learningstrategies in CLIL. We approach metacognitive awareness from two positions: 1) as a concept that describes self-regulated learning in students and constitutes one of the important areas of language learning strategies (metacognitive strategies), and 2) as a key concept when describing the decisions teachers make in their pedagogical planning and implementation, including when deciding on which language learning strategies to single out for instruction, and how to instruct these. We understand these two positions as interrelated and “speaking to each other”, scaffolding the learning processes through focused attention to vocabulary and language structures needed for content message and understanding. For future research, we propose a focus on CLIL teachers’ reflective cycles that take into account students’ prior knowledge (e.g., cognates, language learning strategies learnt in mainstream language classes, understanding of subject-specific concepts in native language), to build up a repertoire of language learning strategies and strategy instruction that supports the processes when integrating language and content learning.
Lecturers’ Appraisals of English as a Lingua Franca in European Higher Education Settings
Authors: Nashaat-Sobhy Nashwa , Sánchez-Garcia Davinia
Published: April 2021

In this chapter we analyzed lecturers’ attitudes towards using English in European Higher Education settings. Twenty-eight university teachers were brought together from thirteen universities across six European countries for an online training for teachers in English Medium Instruction (EMI) settings. The lecturers’ written exchanges about English as an academic Lingua Franca (ELF) in one of the training modules were the target of our study. These exchanges (110 posts) were coded and analyzed using Martin and White’s (2005) Appraisal Theory, which is a model of evaluation within the general theoretical framework of systemic functional linguistics. In this framework, affect, judgement and appreciation are regarded as regions (types) of feelings in interpersonal language that reflect attitude (positive or negative). The results showed that teachers’ exchanges about ELF are interwoven with other types of English, in which they discussed different stakeholders and aspects of English, towards which their attitudes vary, which points to the multidimensionality of attitudes towards EMI. The results also show that appreciation and judgment regions were used more than affect in their language when discussing the use of English in Higher Education (HE).
En uforventet hjemkomst
Authors: Kock Christian
Published: April 2021

Afskedsforelæsning ved reception den 6. december 2018
Fy, skam dig ikke! Skam som sanktioneret og konstruktiv følelse i den offentlige debat
Authors: Storm Villadsen Lisa
Published: April 2021

This article contributes to scholarship on emotions in political rhetoric by way of complicating commonly held ­views on which types of emotions are appropriate in public debate. The article examines the feeling shame from two perspectives, each rhetorically and critically oriented: one is analytical, the other theoretical. The case material comes from Danish politics where a group of celebrities stated to the press that they felt ashamed on account of Denmark’s policy regarding refugees and immigrants. Based in analysis of the public reaction from the Prime Minister I show how the feeling shame and those who felt it were marked as inappropriate from public debate. In the latter part of the article I theorize on negative emotions and shame in public rhetoric. Drawing on contemporary political philosophy and feminist and queer theory I argue for a more nuanced view on appeals to the emotion ­shame. Closer reflection suggests that it does not necessarily imply the destructive social distancing one would ordinarily expect but that it has potential as a marker of solidarity with the collective and as such can drive ethical reconsideration
Supply chain performance, profitability and Liquidity: An analytical study of Indian pharmaceutical sector
Authors: Ali Anis
Published: April 2021

The study aims to find out the relationship between Supply Chain Performance (SCP), profitability, and liquidity of selected leading Indian pharmaceutical companies. The study is based upon the secondary data available on the website of the concerned Indian pharmaceutical companies. The SCP defines the operational velocity and is measured by the manufacturing efficiency (inventory days), ability of recovery from the debtors (accounts receivables days), and payment to creditors (account payables days). Profitability is the relative measurement of the earning capacity of the business organization and facilitates the comparison among the business organization of similar industries. The liquidity in a business organization refers to the state of pay ability of the short term liabilities in ordinary business activities. Profitability and liquidity are the bi-polar concepts in the business organization. There is an optimum balance between liquidity and profitability is expected for the growth and development of the business organization. Ratio analysis is to be used to analyze the SCP, profitability, and liquidity while Karl Pearson’s correlation and Spearman’s rank correlation applied to get the correlation between SCP, profitability, and liquidity of the companies, and relative relationship between a correlation of profitability and profitability to liquidity ratio of all selected companies. It is observed that there is moderate relationship gross profitability, profitability on the owner’s fund, and liquidity. But there is a negligible relationship between liquidity and return on total resources or profitability on total assets. The Indian pharmaceutical companies with higher profitability are much sensitive about the co-movement of profitability and liquidity. The SCP of the Indian pharmaceutical companies negatively and positively but negligibly affects the profitability and liquidity of the Indian pharmaceutical companies.
Attraction of foreign direct investment in agriculture
Authors: Kim Tien Do Thi
Published: April 2021

Agriculture is an industry with potential and advantages for development, but it is increasingly difficult to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) flows. Up to now, the results of attracting FDI inflows into the agricultural sector have many limitations, not really reaching the industry’s potential. This study will assess the current situation of attracting foreign direct investments into the agricultural sector in Vietnam in terms of FDI capital scale, FDI capital structure based on agriculture standard, investment method, investment partners and by investment recipients. The Red River Delta is one of the two Vietnamese economic regions with highly agricultural production. With the tradition of agricultural production and many favorable natural, economic and social conditions, the Red River Delta can further develop into a major agricultural production area of the country, contributing to economic development of the region and the whole country. However, FDI investment in agriculture in the region is modest compared to the potential of the industry as well as compared to other sectors in the region. While FDI inflow into Vietnam and other sectors in the region tends to increase strongly, FDI into agriculture is very low and has not grown for a long time, which is contrary to the trend of FDI to other sectors of the Red River Delta as well as the whole country and also contrary to the FDI flows to global agriculture.
Banking sector lack detection: Expectation gap between auditors and bankers
Authors: Dewi Nurul Hasanah Uswati , Wulanditya Putri , Oktarina Dian , Ardianto Herwin
Published: April 2021

This study aims to identify the determinants of the expectation gap in fraud detection between internal auditors and bankers in Indonesia. The shift in the internal audit task in the banking sector can cause the hole in audit expectations to widen. This research uses qualitative methods with an interpretive paradigm which is rarely done by previous research. The results of interviews with internal audit work units and bank managers from 4 state-owned and private banks indicate a gap in audit expectations regarding the responsibilities between internal auditors and bankers, especially in carrying out the function of examining and detecting fraud. This study recommends the financial services authorities and bank leaders be able to improve education regarding anti-fraud policies to stakeholders, especially in terms of a clear division of tasks in fraud detection in the banking sector.
The effect of government ownership on Indonesia’s state-owned enterprises’ (SOE) firm performance
Authors: Hermansjah Reynaldi , Sugiarto Sugiarto , Ugut Gracia Shinta S. , Hulu Edison
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to analyze the impact of government ownership on Indonesia’s SOE’s financial performance, measured by Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE) of 20 SOEs that are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2013 – 2019, using the panel data models. According to the results, government ownership has a positively significant impact on the firm performance (ROA and ROE). Furthermore, the results show that along with government shares, debt to equity ratio, dividend payout ratio, and log of total assets also have significant relationships to the firm performance.
El futuro de las normas del trabajo que queremos
Authors: Baylos Antonio
Published: April 2021

El futuro del trabajo que queremos depende estrechamente de las normas que lo disciplinan y lo regulan. Estamos en un momento en el que se está cambiando la forma de producir estas normas, en la que se introducen elementos patológicos que pueden condicionar negativamente el resultante final de la regulación del trabajo. En esta contribución se enuncian algunas de estas patologías y sus síntomas, para a continuación enumerar los tratamientos que podrían hacer invertir estas tendencias en los diferentes niveles o espacios en los que éstas cobran cuerpo, teniendo en cuenta que la globalización financiera no puede ignorar el reconocimiento de la democracia, la solidaridad y los derechos fundamentales, y que es preciso un esfuerzo por “empoderar” las normas internacionales del trabajo a la par que se regula el espacio global a partir de la negociación colectiva, y se pone un especial énfasis en la problemática de la negociación colectiva considerada como método típico de regulación de las relaciones de trabajo que debe ser fortalecida.
Using Behaviour Change as a Critical Frame of Reference to Understand the Adoption of Learning Design Methodologies in Higher Education
Authors: Toro-Troconis Maria , Voce Julie , Alexander Jesse , Vasant Santanu , Frutos-Perez Manuel
Published: April 2021

This paper introduces the COM-B model (Capabilities-Opportunities-Motivation:Behaviour) and its use in combination with the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) in developing an intervention which aims to promote the adoption of learning design methodologies by academic staff working with learning technologists in Higher Education (HE). Qualitative structured interviews were conducted among members of staff from five UK universities based on the COM-B model to identify the main behavioural determinants for the use and implementation of learning design methodologies. The analysis suggests that the implementation of learning design methodologies/frameworks might be more likely to occur if academic staff and learning technologists’ psychological capability, physical and social opportunities, and intrinsic and extrinsic motivations are addressed. The COM-B model and the BCW have been effective in the context of learning design to analyse the behaviour of academic staff and learning technologists when engaging in the design of online/blended learning programmes.
Study on the Strategy of Constructing Compliance Management System in Large State-owned Logistics Enterprises
Authors: Zhongmin Liu
Published: April 2021

In order to promote the all-round compliance management in central enterprises, accelerate the management improvement in accordance with law, and strive to construct the central enterprises under the rule of law to ensure the sustainable and sound development, on November 2,2018, the SASAC issued the “Central Enterprise Compliance Management Guidelines((Trial), Subsequently, the local SASAC also issued relevant guidance documents, such as on December 28,2018, the Shanghai SASAC issued the “Shanghai SASAC Supervision Enterprise Compliance Management Guidelines (trial)”. As for a large state-owned logistics enterprise, the daily operation and management involves various links and wide range, the establishment of compliance management system is particularly significant. This paper takes SASAC's guidelines as the criterion, carries out analysis on the previous management compliance and process control, the post-management risk identification and risk control, prevention and pre-warning, etc., combing the process and organizational structure of compliance management system construction, so as to build a complete compliance management system framework, and finally put forward effective recommendations and measures for compliance management in large state-owned enterprises.
COVID-19’s Impacts on the Kuwaiti Stock Market’s Performance
Authors: Al-Kandari Ahmad , Al-Roumi Kholoud , AlRoomy Meshal K.
Published: April 2021

This study investigates the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on daily stock returns in Kuwait Stock Market (KSE) over the period from 28 March to 20 April 2020. By applying the event study methodology (ESM) approach, the results reveal that the pandemic has positively impacted stocks of banks, consumer goods and telecommunications sectors. However, oil & gas, real estate, financial, basic materials, industrials, consumer services, and insurance stocks have been negatively impacted by the pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic's most negatively affected are services and financial stocks. The cumulative average abnormal returns (CAAR) of all sectors were affected negatively by the COVID-19 pandemic.