bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bibliometric analysis of scientific production on international trade and cryptocurrency
Authors:   Department of Informatics, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey, Avşar İlker İbrahim , Serin Zehra Vildan ,   Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey
Published: June 2021

There has been a remarkable increase in the number of publications on international trade and cryptocurrency in recent years. This paper aims to analyze the literature on international trade and cryptocurrency in the Web of Science database. This study uses the bibliometric method and mapping analysis. The cluster analysis is conducted based on the keyword analysis. These publications are reviewed from different aspects such as type of publication, language, and book title. This study found that 767 articles which are related to cryptocurrency and international trade. Among the countries in which these studies are conducted, China ranks the first, followed by the USA and UK, respectively. Various organizations in different countries support studies on this topic. In conclusion, cryptocurrency technologies draw the attention of academia, and the use of cryptocurrency in international trade will determine the future trade structure. The innovative features of cryptocurrency can develop new business models, which may be the reason for the academic interest in this matter. It will be useful for businesses and governments to follow this potential carefully to benefit from the advantages of innovative business models.
R. rattus y R. norvegicus, como reservorio de endoparásitos zoonóticos en Ecuador
Authors: Solorzano-Alava Luis Fernando , Sanchez-Amador Francisco Ivan , Sanchez-Giler Sunny , Pizarro V Jaime
Published: June 2021

Objetivo. Recolectar información sobre la presencia de parasitosis intestinales en roedores, con énfasis en parásitos de importancia médica en humanos. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio parasitológico para detectar la presencia de helmintos en roedores en zonas urbanas y rurales de cinco provincias del Ecuador entre el 2014 y 2017. Los roedores fueron capturados y transportados al Centro Referencia Nacional de Parasitología del Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública – Guayaquil, para su posterior análisis. Resultados. Se encontraron 125/211 (59.2%) ratas con endoparásitos, 13/20 (65%) R. rattus y 112/191 (58.6%) R. norvegicus. El nemátodo más prevalente fue Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (para ambas especies de roedores), y Heterakis spumosa, seguido por los cestodos: Hymenolepis diminuta, H. nana, Moniliformis moniliformis y Cysticercus fasciolaris. Conclusiones. La presencia de cuatro especies de cestodos zoonóticos en los roedores muestreados que viven cerca comunidades humanas, representan un riesgo potencial de infecciónpara los habitantes, especialmente en el caso de R. norvegicus (presento mayor diversidad de especies parasitarias).Por lo tanto, el control de la población de roedores en las áreas residenciales y las recomendaciones a la población local sobre el riesgo de transmisión de enfermedades a través de roedores parece ser totalmente necesario.
Infección reciente del virus del Oeste del Nilo en caballos del oriente de Yucatán, México
Authors: Ortíz-Esquivel José E. , Rosado-Aguilar José Alberto , Rodríguez-Vivas Roger Iván , Torres-Castro Marco , Gutiérrez-Ruiz Edwin José , Bates-Acosta Arturo , Puerto Fernando I
Published: June 2021

Objetivo. Determinar la circulación del virus del Oeste del Nilo (VON) en caballos del oriente de Yucatán, México. Materiales y métodos. Por conveniencia se estudiaron 184 caballos localizados en 23 unidades de producción de los municipios de Tizimín y Panabá, Yucatán. De cada caballo se obtuvo una muestra de suero sanguíneo, la cual fue evaluada con un ensayo de inmunoabsorción enzimática de captura (MAC-ELISA) para detectar inmunoglobulinas de clase M (IgM) específicas contra VON. Adicionalmente, los sueros seroreactores y los sospechosos fueron analizados con una reacción en cadena de la polimerasa por retrotranscripción (RT-PCR) para detectar ARN viral. Resultados. Ocho caballos estudiados fueron seroreactores en la ELISA-MAC (4.3%, 8/184) y dos fueron sospechosos (1.1%, 2/184). Todos estos sueros fueron negativos a la RT-PCR. Conclusiones. La detección de IgM específicas contra VON en los caballos estudiados, demuestra infecciones recientes e indica la circulación del virus en el oriente de Yucatán.
Forecasting the Requirement for Nonelective Hospital Beds in the National Health Service of the United Kingdom: Model Development Study
Authors: Shah Kanan , Sharma Akarsh , Moulton Chris , Swift Simon , Mann Clifford , Jones Simon
Published: June 2021

Background

Over the last decade, increasing numbers of emergency department attendances and an even greater increase in emergency admissions have placed severe strain on the bed capacity of the National Health Service (NHS) of the United Kingdom. The result has been overcrowded emergency departments with patients experiencing long wait times for admission to an appropriate hospital bed. Nevertheless, scheduling issues can still result in significant underutilization of bed capacity. Bed occupancy rates may not correlate well with bed availability. More accurate and reliable long-term prediction of bed requirements will help anticipate the future needs of a hospital’s catchment population, thus resulting in greater efficiencies and better patient care.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate widely used automated time-series forecasting techniques to predict short-term daily nonelective bed occupancy at all trusts in the NHS. These techniques were used to develop a simple yet accurate national health system–level forecasting framework that can be utilized at a low cost and by health care administrators who do not have statistical modeling expertise.

Methods

Bed occupancy models that accounted for patterns in occupancy were created for each trust in the NHS. Daily nonelective midnight trust occupancy data from April 2011 to March 2017 for 121 NHS trusts were utilized to generate these models. Forecasts were generated using the three most widely used automated forecasting techniques: exponential smoothing; Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average; and Trigonometric, Box-Cox transform, autoregressive moving average errors, and Trend and Seasonal components. The NHS Modernisation Agency’s recommended forecasting method prior to 2020 was also replicated.

Results

The accuracy of the models varied on the basis of the season during which occupancy was forecasted. For the summer season, percent root-mean-square error values for each model remained relatively stable across the 6 forecasted weeks. However, only the trend and seasonal components model (median error=2.45% for 6 weeks) outperformed the NHS Modernisation Agency’s recommended method (median error=2.63% for 6 weeks). In contrast, during the winter season, the percent root-mean-square error values increased as we forecasted further into the future. Exponential smoothing generated the most accurate forecasts (median error=4.91% over 4 weeks), but all models outperformed the NHS Modernisation Agency’s recommended method prior to 2020 (median error=8.5% over 4 weeks).

Conclusions

It is possible to create automated models, similar to those recently published by the NHS, which can be used at a hospital level for a large national health care system to predict nonelective bed admissions and thus schedule elective procedures.
Technological Ecological Momentary Assessment Tools to Study Type 1 Diabetes in Youth: Viewpoint of Methodologies
Authors: Ray Mary Katherine , McMichael Alana , Rivera-Santana Maria , Noel Jacob , Hershey Tamara
Published: June 2021

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the most common chronic childhood diseases, and its prevalence is rapidly increasing. The management of glucose in T1D is challenging, as youth must consider a myriad of factors when making diabetes care decisions. This task often leads to significant hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, and glucose variability throughout the day, which have been associated with short- and long-term medical complications. At present, most of what is known about each of these complications and the health behaviors that may lead to them have been uncovered in the clinical setting or in laboratory-based research. However, the tools often used in these settings are limited in their ability to capture the dynamic behaviors, feelings, and physiological changes associated with T1D that fluctuate from moment to moment throughout the day. A better understanding of T1D in daily life could potentially aid in the development of interventions to improve diabetes care and mitigate the negative medical consequences associated with it. Therefore, there is a need to measure repeated, real-time, and real-world features of this disease in youth. This approach is known as ecological momentary assessment (EMA), and it has considerable advantages to in-lab research. Thus, this viewpoint aims to describe EMA tools that have been used to collect data in the daily lives of youth with T1D and discuss studies that explored the nuances of T1D in daily life using these methods. This viewpoint focuses on the following EMA methods: continuous glucose monitoring, actigraphy, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, personal digital assistants, smartphones, and phone-based systems. The viewpoint also discusses the benefits of using EMA methods to collect important data that might not otherwise be collected in the laboratory and the limitations of each tool, future directions of the field, and possible clinical implications for their use.
Measuring Problematic Internet Use, Internet Gaming Disorder, and Social Media Addiction in Young Adults: Cross-sectional Survey Study
Authors: Moreno Megan , Riddle Karyn , Jenkins Marina C , Singh Ajay Paul , Zhao Qianqian , Eickhoff Jens
Published: June 2021

Background

Digital technology use is nearly ubiquitous among young adults; this use provides both benefits and risks. The risks of technology use include maladaptive technology use or technology addiction. Several conceptualizations of these addictions have emerged, each with its own assessment tools. These conditions include problematic internet use (PIU), internet gaming disorder (IGD), and social media addiction (SMA). These conditions have been associated with health outcomes such as problematic alcohol use, sleep disorders, and mental illness. These maladaptive technology conditions have been most commonly studied in isolation from each other.

Objective

The aim of this study is to examine PIU, IGD, and SMA together to better inform future research approaches and provider screening practices for young adults.

Methods

This cross-sectional survey study was conducted using Qualtrics panel-based recruitment and survey hosting. We recruited US young adults aged 18-25 years. The survey assessed PIU, IGD, and SMA. Survey measures also included assessments of problematic alcohol use, sleep, depression, and anxiety. We evaluated the frequency of and overlap in positive screening scores among PIU, IGD, and SMA and modeled each condition using multivariate logistic regression. Finally, we calculated sensitivity and specificity, as well as the positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the screening tools using the most prevalent maladaptive technology type.

Results

Our 6000 participants had an average age of 21.7 (SD 2.5) years. Of these 6000 participants, 3062 (51.03%) were female, 3431 (57.18%) were Caucasian, 1686 (28.1%) were in a 4-year college program, and 2319 (38.65%) worked full time. The mean PIU score was 3.5 (SD 3.1), and 53.58% (3215/6000) of participants met the criteria for PIU. The mean IGD score was 2.7 (SD 2.6), and 24.33% (1460/6000) of participants met the criteria for IGD. The mean SMA score was 7.5 (SD 5.7), and 3.42% (205/6000) met the criteria for SMA. Across all 3 maladaptive technology use diagnoses, there were varied associations with demographic variables and similar overlap with health outcomes. The sensitivity of PIU screening to detect IGD was 82% and to detect SMA was 93%, whereas the specificity and positive predictive value were much lower (37%-54% specificity; 6%-37% positive predictive value).

Conclusions

This cross-sectional survey screened a large national sample of adolescents and young adults for PIU, IGD, and SMA to determine prevalence and overlap, demographic associations with each, and associations between these technology-related conditions and health outcomes. There was overlap across PIU, IGD, and SMA in some associated demographic variables and health outcomes. However, the patterns in the associated variables demonstrated unique qualities of each of these conditions.
Medical Wikis Dedicated to Clinical Practice: A Systematic Review
Authors: Brulet Alexandre , Llorca Guy , Letrilliart Laurent
Published: June 2021

Background

Wikis may give clinician communities the opportunity to build knowledge relevant to their practice. The only previous study reviewing a set of health-related wikis, without specification of purpose or audience, globally showed a poor reliability.

Objective

Our aim was to review medical wiki websites dedicated to clinical practices.

Methods

We used Google in ten languages, PubMed, Embase, Lilacs, and Web of Science to identify websites. The review included wiki sites, accessible and operating, having a topic relevant for clinical medicine, targeting physicians or medical students. Wikis were described according to their purposes, platform, management, information framework, contributions, content, and activity. Purposes were classified as “encyclopedic” or “non-encyclopedic”. The information framework quality was assessed based on the Health On the Net (HONcode) principles for collaborative websites, with additional criteria related to users’ transparency and editorial policy. From a sample of five articles per wikis, we assessed the readability using the Flesch test and compared articles according to the wikis’ main purpose. Annual editorial activities were estimated using the Google engine.

Results

Among 25 wikis included, 11 aimed at building an encyclopedia, five a textbook, three lessons, two oncology protocols, one a single article, and three at reporting clinical cases. Sixteen wikis were specialized with specific themes or disciplines. Fifteen wikis were using MediaWiki software as-is, three were hosted by online wiki farms, and seven were purpose-built. Except for one MediaWiki-based site, only purpose-built platforms managed detailed user disclosures. The owners were ten organizations, six individuals, four private companies, two universities, two scientific societies, and one unknown. Among 21 open communities, 10 required users’ credentials to give editing rights. The median information framework quality score was 6 out of 16 (range 0-15). Beyond this score, only one wiki had standardized peer-reviews. Physicians contributed to 22 wikis, medical learners to nine, and lay persons to four. Among 116 sampled articles, those from encyclopedic wikis had more videos, pictures, and external resources, whereas others had more posology details and better readability. The median creation year was 2007 (1997-2011), the median number of content pages was 620.5 (3-98,039), the median of revisions per article was 17.7 (3.6-180.5) and 0.015 of talk pages per article (0-0.42). Five wikis were particularly active, whereas six were declining. Two wikis have been discontinued after the completion of the study.

Conclusions

The 25 medical wikis we studied present various limitations in their format, management, and collaborative features. Professional medical wikis may be improved by using clinical cases, developing more detailed transparency and editorial policies, and involving postgraduate and continuing medical education learners.
The Clinical Decision Support System AMPEL for Laboratory Diagnostics: Implementation and Technical Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Walter Costa Maria Beatriz , Wernsdorfer Mark , Kehrer Alexander , Voigt Markus , Cundius Carina , Federbusch Martin , Eckelt Felix , Remmler Johannes , Schmidt Maria , Pehnke Sarah , Gärtner Christiane , Wehner Markus , Isermann Berend , Richter Heike , Telle Jörg , Kaiser Thorsten
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

Laboratory results are of central importance for clinical decision making. The time span between availability and review of results by clinicians is crucial to patient care. Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) are computational tools that can identify critical values automatically and help decrease treatment delay.

OBJECTIVE

With this work, we aimed to implement and evaluate a CDSS that supports health care professionals and improves patient safety. In addition to our experiences, we also describe its main components in a general manner to make it applicable to a wide range of medical institutions and to empower colleagues to implement a similar system in their facilities.

METHODS

Technical requirements must be taken into account before implementing a CDSS that performs laboratory diagnostics (labCDSS). These can be planned within the functional components of a reactive software agent, a computational framework for such a CDSS.

RESULTS

We present AMPEL (Analysis and Reporting System for the Improvement of Patient Safety through Real-Time Integration of Laboratory Findings), a labCDSS that notifies health care professionals if a life-threatening medical condition is detected. We developed and implemented AMPEL at a university hospital and regional hospitals in Germany (University of Leipzig Medical Center and the Muldental Clinics in Grimma and Wurzen). It currently runs 5 different algorithms in parallel: hypokalemia, hypercalcemia, hyponatremia, hyperlactatemia, and acute kidney injury.

CONCLUSIONS

AMPEL enables continuous surveillance of patients. The system is constantly being evaluated and extended and has the capacity for many more algorithms. We hope to encourage colleagues from other institutions to design and implement similar CDSS using the theory, specifications, and experiences described in this work.
Using Medical Device Standards for Design and Risk Management of Immersive Virtual Reality for At-Home Therapy and Remote Patient Monitoring (Preprint)
Authors: Salisbury Joseph Peter
Published: June 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

Numerous virtual reality (VR) systems have received regulatory clearance as therapeutic medical devices for in-clinic and at-home use. These systems enable remote patient monitoring of clinician-prescribed rehabilitation exercises, although most of these systems are nonimmersive. With the expanding availability of affordable and easy-to-use head-mounted display (HMD)-based VR, there is growing interest in immersive VR therapies. However, HMD-based VR presents unique risks. Following standards for medical device development, the objective of this paper is to demonstrate a risk management process for a generic immersive VR system for remote patient monitoring of at-home therapy. Regulations, standards, and guidance documents applicable to therapeutic VR design are reviewed to provide necessary background. Generic requirements for an immersive VR system for home use and remote patient monitoring are identified using predicate analysis and specified for both patients and clinicians using user stories. To analyze risk, failure modes and effects analysis, adapted for medical device risk management, is performed on the generic user stories and a set of risk control measures is proposed. Many therapeutic applications of VR would be regulated as a medical device if they were to be commercially marketed. Understanding relevant standards for design and risk management early in the development process can help expedite the availability of innovative VR therapies that are safe and effective.
Factors Influencing Implementation of eHealth Technologies to Support Informal Dementia Care: Umbrella Review (Preprint)
Authors: Bastoni Sofia , Wrede Christian , da Silva Marcia Cristina , Sanderman Robbert , Gaggioli Andrea , Braakman-Jansen Annemarie , van Gemert-Pijnen Lisette
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

The worldwide increase in community-dwelling people with dementia underscores the need for innovative eHealth technologies that aim to provide support to both patients and their informal caregivers in the home setting. However, sustainable implementation of eHealth technologies within this target group can be difficult.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study was to gain a thorough understanding of why it is often difficult to implement eHealth technologies in practice, even though numerous technologies are designed to support people with dementia and their informal caregivers at home. In particular, our study aimed to (1) provide an overview of technologies that have been used and studied in the context of informal dementia care and (2) explore factors influencing the implementation of these technologies.

METHODS

Following an umbrella review design, five different databases were searched (PubMed, PsycINFO, Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane) for (systematic) reviews. Among 2205 reviews retrieved, 21 were included in our analysis based on our screening and selection procedure. A combination of deductive and inductive thematic analyses was performed, using the Nonadoption, Abandonment, Scale-Up, Spread, and Sustainability (NASSS) framework for organizing the findings.

RESULTS

We identified technologies designed to be used “by informal caregivers,” “by people with dementia,” and “with people with dementia.” Within those groups, most of the represented technologies included, respectively: (i) devices for in-home monitoring of lifestyle, health, and safety; (ii) technologies for supporting memory, orientation, and day structure; and (iii) technologies to facilitate communication between the informal caregiver and person with dementia. Most of the identified factors influencing implementation related to the condition of dementia, characteristics of the technology, expected/perceived value of users, and characteristics of the informal caregiver. Considerably less information has been reported on factors related to the implementing organization and technology supplier, wider institutional and sociocultural context of policy and regulations, and continued adaptation of technology over time.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study offers a comprehensive overview of eHealth technologies in the context of informal dementia care and contributes to gaining a better understanding of a broad range of factors influencing their implementation. Our results uncovered a knowledge gap regarding success factors for implementation related to the organizational and broader context and continuous adaptation over the long term. Although future research is needed, the current findings can help researchers and stakeholders in improving the development and implementation of eHealth technologies to support informal dementia care.
HLA Alleles and Prognosis of PLA2R-Related Membranous Nephropathy
Authors: Le Wei-Bo , Shi Jing-Song , Fan Yang , Gong Si-Wen
Published: June 2021

Background and objectives

Associations between HLA alleles and susceptibility to M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R)–related membranous nephropathy have been well defined previously in Chinese patients. However, the relationships between HLA alleles and kidney outcome remain unclear.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Five HLA genes (DRB1, DQA1, DQB1, DRB3, and DRB5) were genotyped in a prospective cohort of 392 patients with PLA2R-related membranous nephropathy. The associations between HLA alleles and kidney outcomes were studied.

Results

A total of 79 HLA alleles were identified in this study. Four HLA alleles, DRB1*13:01 (n=12; hazard ratio, 3.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.8 to 7.8; P<0.001), DQB1*06:03 (n=12; hazard ratio, 3.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.8 to 7.8; P<0.001), DRB1*04:05 (n=12; hazard ratio, 3.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.5 to 9.5; P=0.004), and DQB1*03:02 (n=21; hazard ratio, 3.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.4 to 6.7; P=0.005), were associated with a ≥40% eGFR decline during follow-up. DRB1*13:01 and DQB1*06:03 were tightly linked with each other. Forty-four of the 392 patients (11%) carried at least one of the four identified risk HLA alleles in this study. Compared with patients who were negative for all risk HLA alleles, those carrying at least one risk HLA allele had a significant risk of a ≥40% eGFR decline during follow-up (hazard ratio, 3.9; 95% confidence interval, 2.3 to 6.7; P<0.001). After adjusting for age, sex, proteinuria, albumin, eGFR, and anti-PLA2R antibody levels, multivariable Cox analysis showed that patients carrying any of the four risk HLA alleles remained associated with a higher risk of a ≥40% decline in eGFR (hazard ratio, 4.1; 95% confidence interval, 2.3 to 7.1; P<0.001).

Conclusions

Carrying any of the HLA alleles, DRB1*13:01/DQB1*06:03, DRB1*04:05, and DQB1*03:02, was independently associated with poor prognosis in Chinese patients with PLA2R-related membranous nephropathy.
PSEUDOTUMORAL PRESENTATION OF NEURO-BEHÇET DISEASE: A CONFUSING DIAGNOSIS
Authors: SNOUSSI MOUNA , FRIKHA FATEN , MARZOUK SAMEH , BAHLOUL ZOUHIR
Published: June 2021

A 35-year-old man was referred to the internal medicine department for acute hemiplegia with oral aphthous ulcers. The patient reported recurrent oral and genital ulcers more than 3 times a year. He also experienced one episode of peripheral thrombosis 1 year ago. The physical examination showed left hemiparesis with positive Babinski sign, hyperreflexia, and pseudofolliculitis in legs and trunk. The pathergy test was positive. Cerebral MRI showed a large mass hyperintense in T2 sequence in the regions of basal ganglia and corpus callosum with peripheral contrast enhancement and intensive edema around the lesion. The diagnosis of pseudotumoral neuro-Behçet disease was made on the basis of clinical history, the cerebral MRI result, and the exclusion of other tumoral and infectious diseases. The patient was treated with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide with favorable outcome.
BILIARY DISEASE IN PREGNANCY: A DIAGNOSTIC DILEMMA
Authors: KRISHNASWAMY PRIYANKA H , LORDEN CAROL , MAHMOUD SAMEH , KALTSIDIS HARRY , ARORA ROHIT
Published: June 2021

This is a case report of a 37-year-old female who presented with deranged liver function tests, epigastric pain, fevers, vomiting, mild hypertension, and proteinuria in pregnancy. This was on a background of gestational diabetes, dyspepsia, and previous cholecystectomy. This case report highlights the importance of considering various causes of liver pathology during pregnancy besides those specifically associated with pregnancy, as well as the necessity of early specialist input to investigate symptomatic choledocholithiasis in pregnancy.
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF OBESITY ON IMMUNE CELLS ACTIVITY AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK IN EL-OUED (ALGERIA) WOMEN
Authors: ACHCHI IKRAM , DEROUICHE SAMIR
Published: June 2021

Objective: This study was conducted to find out the effect of obesity on immune cells activity and some biochemical markers in women.

Methods: The experimentation is carried out on 30 voluntary individuals were divided into two groups; 15 women with obesity (Body Mass Index [BMI]>30) were selected, On the other hand, we took 15 witnesses (BMI<30). All the volunteers were subjected to estimate the lipid profile, biochemical, and hematological parameters.

Results: Results obtained show that there was a significant increase of blood glucose (p<0.05), triglyceride (p<0.05) and uric acid (p<0.001) and no significant change of other biochemical markers in obese people’s group when compared to the control subjects. In addition, the hematological results demonstrated that there was a significant decrease (p<0.05) of lymphocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and mean corpuscular volume levels (p<0.01) in women with obesity compared to the controls.

Conclusion: Our study reveals that the obesity may be induce the sever alteration in lipid profile which cause the cardiovascular risk for this population. In addition, the obesity causes a remarkable change in some biochemical markers and blood constituent’s anemia or other metabolic disorder in the body.
DETERMINANTS OF FOCUSED ANTENATAL CARE USE AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN, ATTENDING DELIVERY, IN KARAMARA HOSPITAL, JIGJIGA TOWN, SOMALI REGION, EAST ETHIOPIA
Authors: HIRSI HAMDI , MOHAMUD MOHAMED
Published: June 2021

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the determinants of focused antenatal care (ANC) use among pregnant women attending delivery in Karamara Hospital at Jigjiga town, Somali region, East Ethiopia from February to March 2017.

Methods: Unmatched case–control study was conduct in Karamara hospital at Jigjiga town. A total of 366 women 183 cases and 183 controls were selected by convenience sampling techniques. Data were collected by trained data collectors using face-to-face interview of women. Logistic regression model was used to determine the predictors of focused ANC nonuse. Variables with p<0.05 and 95% confidence interval were considered as statistically significant.

Results: The study revealed that 80.3% of women had ANC follow-up in their last pregnancy. About 39.3% of women had FANC visit. Urban resident women (AOR=3.1, 95% CI [1.418, 7.211]), knowledge of danger signs of pregnancy (AOR=3.5, 95% CI [1.886, 6.832]), knowledge of days FANC services provision (AOR=4.4, 95% CI [1.86, 10.59]), existence of tradition believe about FANC (AOR=0.16, 95% CI [0.079, 0.347]), distance less than or equal 1 h (AOR=2.2, 95% CI [0.838, 5.850]), existence of health facility (AOR=3.14, 95% CI [1.38, 7.544]), information form health-care provider (AOR=3.6, 95% CI [1.04, 12.83]) delivery than their counterpart, and payment needed to use FANC (AOR=0.138, 95% CI [0.057, 0.331]) were significantly associated with FANC use.

Conclusion: Being urban resident, knowledge about danger sign of pregnancy, time to reach nearest health facility, radio/Tv use and culture were significantly associated with FANC utilization among pregnant women. Thus, efforts should be made to improve accessibility and availability of the health facility, educating of pregnant women about danger signs of pregnancy physical, information education, and communication of the benefits of FANC service were also critical area that needs intervention.
THE EFFECT OF THREE PRETREATMENTS ON BREAKING SEED DORMANCY OF BAOBAB (ADANSONIA DIGITATA L.)
Authors: KA BASHIR , DD MUSA , R BISHIR
Published: June 2021

Objective: Baobab (Adansonia digitata) is a native tree that is found in African savannas, it is a member of family ‘Malvaceae’. The tree is found in Nigeria, South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Mozambique and in different regions of western Madagascar. Seed dormancy is the most limiting factor for some plants propagation. Dormancy allows seeds to separate from their mother plant and survive dispersal, over distance, and time before growth recommences. This study was aimed to determine the effect of three pre-treatments on breaking the seed dormancy of Adansonia digitata L., a multi-purpose and indigenously endangered tree.

Methods: The study was carried out in the greenhouse of the Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, Nigeria. The three pre-treatments are: Soaking in hot water (100°C) for 5, 10, 15, and 20 min; and soaking in sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and hydrochloric acid (HCL) concentrations (100%, 75%, 50%, and 25%) for 5, 10, 15, and 20 min. Untreated seeds served as control. These were laid out in a complete randomized design with three replications. Data were collected on germination percentage, germination rate, day of emergence, and the average seedlings height.

Results: The result showed that earliest mean days of emergence (7 days) were observed in seeds subjected to hot water treatment at 15 min. It also showed the highest rate of germination and percentage 6 (100%). On the other hand, the effect of acids (H2SO4 and HCL) pre-treatments on the seeds gave a fair result (16.66–33.33%), untreated seeds did not germinate.

Conclusion: All the pre-treatments used in the study were found to be effective. However, soaking of seeds in hot water (100°C) pre-treatment for 15 min is recommended for breaking the seed dormancy of A. digitata.
Antiviral Phytomedicine Elderberry (Sambucus) in China
Authors: Fu Frank , Xu Mingshu , Li Weidong
Published: June 2021

There is no specific medicine recommended during the emergency of
2019-nCov has been an outbreak and in COVID-19 outbreak zone where the
climate is mildly warm, we highly recommend to use the elderberry in
order to protect your health and there are 2 species of elderberries:
one, Sambucus adnata, is termed the “blood-red herb-elderberry” by
local residents as the roots, rhizomes, and branches exude red-juice
when broken; the second, named S. javanica or S. chinensis is commonly
called the “herb-elderberry”. This therapeutics paper aims to publish
our monography on the elderberry, as no English literature references
are present in China because most Chinese horticulturists and farmers
consider the elderberry a wild plant. It is regarded as a plant of
little value due to its abundance and ease of harvest. Our article
contains details of the Sambucus species groups, including the botanical
names, Chinese common names, geographic distributions, medical uses.
Reverse remodeling in new onset heart failure and its affection on the right side parameters.
Authors: Adel Manal , Sharaf Yasser , Yehia Hesham , Mahmoud Kareem
Published: June 2021

Background Patient with new onset heart failure showed improvement in
their EF and strain pattern along with improvement in cardiac biomarkers
followed intervention procedures or device implantation and medical
treatment. However right side changes are affected by these changes as
well which needed further studies. Methods Hundred patients were
included in a period starting from 2018 to 2020 and their follow up
after 3-6 months :All patients underwent full assessment including
Minnesota questionnaire of heart failure ,examination and
echocardiography with focusing on global longitudinal ,circumferential
strain ,right side areas and fractional area changes. Troponin I was
evaluated at admission and follow up. Results There was significant
change between patients at admission and follow up in Minnesta Q
questionnaire from19.1±11.6 to 13.8 ±10.4 with P value (0.001) ,and
change in troponin I 1.84.9 to 0.1 0.3 with P value <0.001.The
Ejection fraction by 2D Simpson method showed statistically significant
change from 30.6±8.5 to 41.9±14.0 with P value < 0.001,
Moreover ESV index showed a significant decrease from 50.5±21.1 to
37.5±23.2 with P value of 0.017. Global longitudinal strain showed
significant increase from 5.9±3.5 to 7.5 ±3.8with P value 0.024. The
right side dimensions of end-systolic showed a significant increase from
9.8±4.5 to 8.2 ±3.4 with P value 0.008 .FAC showed a significant
increase from a mean of 41.7±10.7 to 45.4 ±8.8 with P value of 0.008 .
Conclusion: Significant changes affected the cardiac volumes parameters
in reverse remodeled followed medical treatment and/ or
revascularization affecting both left and right side parameters..
Swamp stone a dangerous source of lead oxide poisoning: report of 5 cases in a family
Authors: Aghabikloo Abbas , Zamani Nazanin
Published: June 2021

This case series reports lead poisoning with “Swamp stone” powder in a
family. Swamp stone contains heavy metals with poisoning potentials. The
chelating agent had more efficiency in parents than their children in
lowering the blood level lead. It is important to find sources for lead
poisoning and educate population.
Primary peritoneal mucinous adenocarcinoma in a man
Authors: Satoh Fumiko , Tsutsumi Yutaka
Published: June 2021

A 69-year-old man suffered from lethal peritoneal carcinomatosis. At
autopsy, no primary lesion was identified in the gastrointestinal,
pancreatobiliary, respiratory, urinary and male reproductive organs. The
tumor consisted of mucin-containing and gland-forming columnar cells
with minimal nuclear atypia. The final diagnosis was primary peritoneal
mucinous adenocarcinoma in a man.
Interaction times of homogeneous and heterogeneous droplets in gases
Authors: Piskunov Maxim , Shlegel Nikita , Kralinova Svetlana , Tkachenko Pavel , Vysokomornaya Olga
Published: June 2021

In this research, we present the results of experiments measuring the interaction times of colliding liquid droplets in different modes (bounce, coalescence, separation, and disruption). The experiments involve water and typical water-based slurries, emulsions, and solutions. The main experimental parameters are close to those of high potential gas-vapor-droplet technologies (heat and mass transfer power plants, thermal and flame water treatment systems, and fuel technologies): droplet size 0.1-5 mm, velocities 0.1-10 m/s, liquid temperature 20-80 ?C, impact angle 0-90?, and relative volume and mass fractions of liquid and solid additives in water 0-10%. We explore how a set of parameters and effects influence the characteristics of the processes under study. The most important of these parameters are relative droplet velocity, impact angle, impact parameter, and temperature. Using dimensionless linear and angular interaction parameters as well as the Weber, Reynolds, and Ohnesorge numbers, we produce interaction mode maps to consider the correlation of the main forces: inertia, surface tension, and viscosity. We determine the interaction times, number, size, and total surface area of the newly formed post-collision droplets and obtain approximations for the experimentally determined functions.
Heat exchange in steam generator with low-boiling point fluid
Authors: Alekseenko Sergey , Ogurechnikov Lev
Published: June 2021

The heat transfer processes in the main zones of the steam generator of low temperature power plant are considered. An experimentally substantiated method of taking into account the tube wall effect during nucleate boiling in case of a two-phase flow of case of a working fluid inside the tube is implemented by mathematical modelling. The heat exchange characteristics are presented for each of the zones of steam generator with low boiling point fluid R245fa.
Investigate the corrosion properties of stellite coated on AZ91D alloy by plasma spray technique
Authors: Kannan Mathivanan , Duraisamy Thirumalaikumarasamy , Pattabi Thirumal , Mohankumar Ashokkumar
Published: June 2021

Stellite alloys are primarily preferred in various component manufacturing industries due to its magnificent mechanical and electrochemical properties. The stellite powder is deposited over the materials by various thermal spray methods in industries. This research proposed investigating the microstructure and corrosion properties of stellite powder that is deposited on an AZ91D magnesium alloy substrate by atmospheric plasma spraying process. The SEM, optical microscopy, and atomic force microscopy are typical of the coatings. Immersion experiments in sodium chloride conditions are conducted at varying pH levels, chloride ion concentration, and exposure time. In addition, XRD examined the phase change properties of the powder and sprayed condition of coatings along with corrosion testing. The corrosion experiments were conducted to establish several regression models based on the central composite design and the response sur-face process. The accuracy of the regression models was sufficient to allow correlations between input parameters and responses through variance analysis. It was found that the pH value significantly influences the corrosion behaviour of stellite coatings followed by other parameters such as chloride ion concentration and exposure time, even in corrosion tests, plasma-sprayed coatings performed better.
Thermal management analysis of PCM integration in building using a novel performance parameter - PCM effectiveness index
Authors: Selvaraju Arun , Ranganathan Arivazhagan , Vincent Antony , Arumugam Pappu , Ramalingam Velraj
Published: June 2021

Integration of phase change material (PCM) in walls and roof of a building is done to augment human comfort at places where variation of local diurnal temperature of ambient air is extensive. An exhaustive tool to study on year-round thermal effect due to solar radiation falling on a building is generally required to identify the correct PCM and the portion of a year that warrants better thermal management. The transient behavior associated with PCM heat transfer through building roof and walls vary in accordance with location and orientation of the building and the prevailing seasons. Hence, it becomes necessary to carry out a detailed analysis with the integration of PCM layers and to collect information with suitable theoretical approach as experimental study on energy performance of a building is time-consuming and expensive. In this paper, a 3-D building model has been developed and analyzed using ANSYS FLUENT for performing CFD analysis for comparing two identical buildings with and without PCM located at Chennai. The PCM was integrated in roof and walls of the building and analysis was carried out for different days of the year. A novel concept of PCM effectiveness index is introduced to measure the thermal performance due to PCM integration in building. This novel concept is useful for building engineers to measure the effectiveness of PCM integration and to select the correct PCM for thermal management in buildings at any location and time of the year.
A new spray dryer supported with freely rotatable propellers enables more efficient drying of milk samples
Authors: Isik Sinem , Yildiz Cengiz
Published: June 2021

A new type of spray dryer was developed for drying milk and the like efficiently. To this end, freely rotatable propellers powered with air-flow were placed in the drying chamber to increase thermal efficiency and the product yield in the newly developed spray dryer. Milk samples were dried in both the developed system and a standard spray dryer to compare thermal efficiencies and product yields of each. It was observed that the propellers placed in the drying chamber of the developed spray dryer had caused a change in the flow direction of the drying air, decreased the temperature of the drying walls, and increased the thermal efficiency and product yield in drying. Consequently, in the developed dryer, the adhesion of the powder particles to the drying wall and to each other is significantly reduced, resulting in a more efficient drying.
MULTI-FORUM INSTITUTIONS, THE POWER OF PLATFORMS, AND DISINVITING SPEAKERS FROM UNIVERSITY CAMPUSES
Authors: Satta Mark
Published: June 2021

Much attention has been devoted recently to cases where a controversial speaker is invited to speak on campus, and subsequently, some members of the university seek to have that speaker disinvited. Debates about such scenarios often blur together legal, normative, and empirical considerations. I seek to help clarify issues by separating key legal, normative, and empirical questions. Central to my examination is the idea of the university as a multi-forum institution—that is, a complex public institution whose parts contain different types of forums. I conclude that it is sometimes legally and normatively permissible (1) for universities to disinvite speakers, and (2) for students to seek to get speakers they consider unacceptable disinvited. I also suggest that my arguments sometimes extend to shouting down speakers.
Dünyada ve Türkiye’de Toplam Vergi Yükü ve Ekonomik Büyüme Üzerindeki Etkileri
Authors: Cinel Emek Aslı
Published: June 2021

Kurum ve bireylerin tasarruf ve harcama kararları üzerinde belirleyici olan en önemli iki unsur gelir ile vergi oranlarıdır. Vergi yükü olgusu ülke gelişmişlik göstergelerinden biri olmakla beraber kamu ekonomisinin milli ekonomi içerisindeki payını göstermesi açısından da önem taşımaktadır. Yüksek vergi yükü kullanılabilir gelirde meydana getirdiği olumsuz etkiler nedeniyle tasarruf oranlarını azalttığından bir ülke ekonomisinde vergi yükünün ekonomik faaliyetleri negatif yönde etkileyecek seviyede olmaması gerekmektedir. Vergilerin farklı birçok ekonomik gösterge üzerinde etkili olması vergi politikalarının da etkin bir biçimde uygulanması gerektiğini göstermektedir. Adil bir vergi sisteminde, ödenecek olan vergilerin vergiyi ödeyen bireyin ödeme gücüne uygun bir nitelikte olması gerektiğinden vergi yükünü oluşturan dolaylı ve dolaysız vergi oranlarının birbirine yakın düzeyde olması gerekmektedir.Çalışmanın amacını, Türkiye’deki ve dünya genelindeki diğer ülkelerdeki vergilerin ve vergi yüklerinin niteliklerini ve düzeylerini ortaya koymak, Türkiye’de mevcut olan toplam vergi yükünü OECD ülkeleri ve seçilmiş ülkelerin toplam vergi yükleriyle karşılaştırmak, vergilerin ve vergi yükünün ekonomik büyüme üzerinde meydana getirdiği etkileri değerlendirmek oluşturmaktadır.
Alguns contributos das Neurociências para a Educação: Os ambientes enriquecidos aumentam a capacidade de aprendizagem do nosso cérebro?
Authors:   Universidade do Porto, Portugal, Calafate Luís , Calafate Sara
Published: June 2021

A reflexão e a discussão sobre o papel da especificação genética e da experiência na aquisição de uma função e no desenvolvimento de um indivíduo traduz um debate fascinante e muito atual entre quem trabalha na área do desenvolvimento do comportamento. Acerca do desenvolvimento do comportamento humano e da influência da herança biológica e do meio ambiente estabeleceram-se posições desencontradas e, por vezes, exclusivistas. De um lado, os adeptos da herança genética excluem a possibilidade da influência do meio ambiente. Do outro lado, os adeptos do meio ambiente excluem a herança genética. Existe também uma posição eclética, conciliando ambos os extremos. Além disso, no âmbito das próprias tendências surgem matizes diferenciadoras. Trata-se, portanto, de um assunto bastante polémico ao qual dedicamos este trabalho numa perspetiva das Neurociências. Abordaremos a neuroplasticidade cerebral como a capacidade que o sistema nervoso possui de mudar e adaptar-se, em resposta a estímulos internos e externos, induzindo alterações estruturais e / ou funcionais, ao longo da vida. A plasticidade cerebral constitui um dos pilares dos processos de aprendizagem e de memória. Quando se aprende e se memoriza ou quando se descobre algo desconhecido, a nova experiência deixa uma marca que se traduz em alterações no cérebro. Em suma, o papel das Neurociências no domínio das Ciências da Educação vai ganhando corpo e o conceito de neuroplasticidade é uma condição sine qua non para se tentar estabelecer uma ligação entre a educação, o comportamento e o cérebro.