bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case Reports for Topical Treatment of Corneal Ulcers with a New Matrix Therapy Agent or RGTA® in Dogs
Authors: Martinez Jessica , Chiappini Franck , Barritault Denis
Published: December 2019

Superficial corneal ulcers that fail to heal within a normal time period and are refractory to conventional therapy in dogs are common in veterinary practice. Different etiologies can lead to this result, including spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCEDs) and ulcerative keratitis associated with bullous keratopathy. Thus, there is an urgent need to find new therapeutic approaches such as matrix therapy replacement. To determine the efficacy of a new ophthalmic treatment (Clerapliq®) for SCCEDs and ulcerative keratitis associated with bullous keratopathy, a total of 11 dogs referred to the clinic because of nonhealing erosive ulcers after a classic primary treatment were enrolled to get this new treatment. Dogs underwent ophthalmic exams and 7 dogs (10 eyes) were diagnosed with superficial ulceration and 4 dogs (5 eyes) with bullous keratopathy due to endothelial dystrophy/degeneration. They received eye drops of Clerapliq® every 3 days until recovery. The results showed that the corneas with recurrences of the ulcers were resolved predominantly by using Clerapliq® every 3 days in 83.3% of the cases during a period of treatment ranging between 6 to 35 days. Therefore, this new approach using matrix therapy regenerating technology in treating superficial ulcers and bullous keratopathy in dogs can be successfully considered as an adjunctive therapy.
New Operating Strategies for an On-the-Road Modular, Electric and Autonomous Vehicle Concept in Urban Transportation
Authors: Ulrich Christian , Friedrich Horst E. , Weimer Jürgen , Schmid Stephan A.
Published: December 2019

Today commercial transport in urban areas faces major challenges. These include making optimal use of limited space, avoiding empty trips, meeting driver shortages as well as reducing costs and emissions such as CO2, particulate matter and noise. The mutual acceleration and reinforcement of technological trends such as electrification, digitization and automation may enable new vehicle and mobility concepts that can meet these challenges. One possible vehicle concept is presented in this article. It is based on on-the-road modularization, i.e., a vehicle that can change different transport capsules during operation. The vehicle is divided into an electrically propelled autonomous drive unit and a transport unit. Standardized interfaces between these units enable the easy design of capsules for different uses, while the drive unit can be used universally. Business models and operating strategies that allow optimal use of this vehicle concept are discussed in depth in the article. First, the current situation is analyzed followed by a detailed description of an exemplary business model using a business model canvas. The operating strategies and logistics concepts are illustrated and compared with conventional concepts.
ПРОДОЛЖИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ И ИНТЕНСИВНОСТЬ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ КОРОВ С РАЗНЫМ ВОЗРАСТОМ И ЖИВОЙ МАССОЙ ПРИ ПЕРВОМ ОТЕЛЕ
Authors: KOMKOV D.G. , KERTIEV R.M. , KERTIEVA N.M.
Published: December 2019

Приведены результаты исследований продолжительности и интенсивности использования коров голштинской породы с разным возрастом и живой массой при первом отеле, являющиеся показателями физиологической зрелости и готовности организма к последующему продуктивному периоду жизни. Наиболее продолжительный продуктивный период выявлен у коров с возрастом первого отела 2427 мес., средние значения которых составляют 3,33,4 отела. Указанные группы коров отличаются более высоким уровнем пожизненной продуктивности и интенсивностью использования на единицу времени всей жизни и продуктивного периода. Продуктивное долголетие коров имеет тенденцию к повышению с увеличением массы тела при первом отеле. Наиболее продолжительные сроки хозяйственного использования выявлены у животных с живой массой при первом отеле 450500 кг, продуктивный период которых на 115234 дня, или на 0,40,6 лактаций выше, чем в других анализируемых группах скота. Высокую пожизненную продуктивность (3135 тыс. кг) имеют животные с массой тела более 500 кг при первом отеле. Вместе с тем интенсивный раздой наиболее крупных первотелок с массой тела выше 550 кг сопровождается снижением продолжительности жизни и продуктивного периода использования коров.

The article presents the results of studies on the duration and intensity of use of Holstein cows with different age and body weight at the first calving, which are an indicator of physiological maturity and readiness of the organism for the subsequent productive period of life. The longest productive period was revealed in cows with the first calving age of 2427 months, the average values of which are 3.33.4 calving. These groups of cows are distinguished by a higher level of lifelong production and the intensity of use per unit of time of their entire life and productive period. Productive longevity of cows tends to increase with an increase in body weight at the first calving. The longest periods of economic use were found in animals with a live weight at the first calving with in 450500 kg, in which the productive period is 115234 days or 0.40.6 lactations higher than in other analyzed groups of animals. High lifelong productivity (3135 thousand kg) have animals weighing more than 500 kg at the first calving. At the same time, intensive stripping of the largest heifers with a body weight above 550 kg is accompanied by a decrease in the lifespan and productive period of using cows.
Experience of primary care for people with HIV: a mixed-method analysis
Authors: Rai Tanvi , Bruton Jane , Kall Meaghan , Ma Richard , Pufall Erica , Day Sophie , Delpech Valerie , Ward Helen
Published: December 2019

Background

Advances in treatment have transformed HIV into a long-term condition (LTC), presenting fresh challenges for health services, HIV specialists, and GPs.

Aim

To explore the experience of people living with HIV (PLHIV) regarding consulting their GPs.

Design & setting

A mixed-method analysis using data from two sources: a nationally-representative survey of PLHIV and a qualitative study with London-based PLHIV.

Method

Univariate logistic regression was used for quantitative data and framework analysis for qualitative data.

Results

The survey had 4422 participants; the qualitative study included 52 participants. In both studies, registration with a GP and HIV status disclosure were high. Similar to general population trends, recent GP use was associated with poor self-rated health status, comorbidities, older age, and lower socioeconomic status. Two-thirds reported a good experience with GPs; a lower proportion felt comfortable asking HIV-related questions. Actual or perceived HIV stigma were consistently associated with poor satisfaction. In the interviews, participants with additional LTCs valued sensitive and consistent support from GPs. Some anticipated, and sometimes experienced, problems relating to HIV status, as well as GPs’ limited experience and time to manage their complex needs. Sometimes they took their own initiative to facilitate coordination and communication. For PLHIV, a ‘good’ GP offered continuity and took time to know and accept them without judgment.

Conclusion

The authors suggest clarification of roles and provision of relevant support to build the confidence of PLHIV in GPs and primary care staff to care for them. As the PLHIV population ages, there is a strong need to develop trusting patient–GP relationships and HIV-friendly GP practices.
Analisis Sistem Administrasi di Badan Usaha Milik Desa Wibawa Mukti Desa Sekarwangi Kabupaten Sumedang
Authors: Cahyani Ayu , Supriatna Adi , Somantri Muhammad Siddiq , Yuningsih Teti , Sudrajat Arip Rahman
Published: December 2019

The purpose of writing this research is to analyze the administration system which is carried out in the Village-Owned Enterprises in Sekarwangi Village. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis by first observing the relevant research object with a focus on observing the administration system which is carried out by the board administrator Village Owned Business. The location of the research is Sekarwangi Village, Buahdua District, Sumedang Regency. In conducting observations, there were three interviews with resource persons who were employees of the Village Owned Enterprises. Based on observations and interviews, the results showed that the administration system activities in the Village-Owned Enterprises were still low. This is caused by several factors including the lack of labor, lack of facilities and office infrastructure, low employee skills and minimal capital resources. This study concludes that in the management of Village-Owned Enterprises in Sekarwangi Village there are administrative activities that are not optimal and have not run well due to funding factors in the administrative system that have not been fulfilled either in personnel or in capital.
Só a UDN salva a República:
Authors: Pereira Laurindo Mekie
Published: December 2019

O artigo discute a atuação do parlamentar mineiro Oscar Dias Corrêa, especialmente entre 1945 e 1955. Analisamos sua trajetória política, considerando a conjuntura, as culturas políticas então vigentes e concorrentes, bem como suas idiossincrasias políticas, destacando seu arraigado udenismo e o discurso anticorrupção, aspectos principais no seu combate ininterrupto a Juscelino Kubitschek
Dräktvariation hos hannar i skandinaviska populationer av svarthakad buskskvätta Saxicola rubicola
Authors: Andersson Reino
Published: December 2019

In western Europe, the European Stonechat Saxicola rubicola, occurs in two subspecies; rubicola, with a large distribution in Europe, and hibernans, mainly distributed on the British Isles. A small population of presumed hibernans birds breed in Norway. However, difficulties in distinguishing hibernans from rubicola at an individual level has led to speculation regarding the origin of the Norwegian birds. There are no clear genetic differences between the subspecies and their plumage appearance can be considered to overlap within parts of the range. To investigate this, I studied the plumage variation among males during the breeding season in the Scandinavian populations of European Stonechats in Sweden, Norway and Denmark. The study is based on photos of 404 males during the period March–May. The presence or absence of six typical hibernans characteristics were registered for each individual. The results show that males with both hibernans and rubicola characteristics occur during the spring in the Scandinavian populations. There was a clear over-representation of males with hibernans characteristics in Norway as compared to Sweden, and to a lower degree also to Denmark. If the expansion of rubicola progresses in Scandinavia, one could expect a larger proportion of rubicola-like males in the Norwegian population.
La información y el conocimiento y su relación con la calidad de los servicios bibliotecarios
Authors: Vásquez Rizo Fredy Eduardo , Gabalán Coello Jesús
Published: December 2019

Este artículo presenta un análisis realizado en la biblioteca de la Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, ubicada en Santiago de Cali, Colombia, acerca de la calidad de los servicios prestados y su relación con la información presente en el acervo bibliográfico y su posibilidad de generar conocimiento en los usuarios. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un estudio de corte cuantitativo, el cual permitió revisar, con base en unas preguntas cerradas, el comportamiento de algunas variables asociadas a dichos servicios a partir de las expectativas de los usuarios, señalando para la biblioteca algunos aspectos de mejora, reconociendo su importancia como dependencia crucial para el desarrollo de la institución y para contestar los requerimientos y necesidades de información en el marco de la sociedad de la información y el conocimiento.
Los archivos del mal: ¿un discurso sin autor? Ildefonso Nalda Nájera en el Archiv der KZ-Gedenkstätte Mauthausen
Authors: Rubio Hernández Alfonso
Published: December 2019

A partir del significado de “archivo” que encontramos en la Arqueología del saber, de Michel Foucault, y las interpretaciones que de él hace Giorgio Agamben en Lo que queda de Auschwitz, exponemos algunas consideraciones sobre el concepto de autor en los que hemos denominado “archivos del mal”, refiriéndonos con esta expresión a los conjuntos documentales producto de situaciones o regímenes propicios a crear escenarios de violencia disímiles. Estos archivos que, generalmente, se originaron en el ejercicio de unas funciones institucionales, forman parte hoy día de los fondos llamados comúnmente “centros de memoria histórica” y son necesarios poner en marcha el ejercicio de los derechos democráticos. La biografía de Ildefonso Nalda Nájera, que murió en el Campo de Concentración de Mauthausen y el Archiv der KZ-Gedenkstätte Mauthausen, que ahora custodia documentos y objetos relacionados con el Campo de Concentración, constituyen el modelo que ha guiado este artículo.
Learning Commons en bibliotecas universitarias
Authors: González Martínez Larisa , Jasso Peña Felipe de Jesús
Published: December 2019

El propósito de este artículo es hacer una revisión de la literatura sobre el término Learning Commons (LC) para bibliotecas universitarias, un modelo que ha pasado de una conceptualización meramente física (centrada en la transformación material de los espacios para facilitar el trabajo colaborativo y el confort), a un enfoque más académico y complejo, que contempla incluso la creación y operación de entornos virtuales, un perfil y trabajo del bibliotecario más orientado a lo académico, además de iniciativas pedagógicas de diversa índole. Así pues, se presenta una definición de este esquema bibliotecario acorde a las últimas tendencias existentes sobre el tema, enumerando sus atributos más importantes y, finalmente, se expone una breve nota sobre los retos que implica la puesta en marcha de un espacio con estas características.
Non-compliance in Elderly Hearing-aid Users
Authors: Singhal Surinder K. , Kapoor Ravi
Published: December 2019

Objective (Background): Despite the scientific advancements, acceptance of hearing-aids remains poor in persons with hearing impairment in the elderly age group. The attitudinal issues play a significant role in their decision to use hearing aids or not. The purpose of this study was to understand the reasons for noncompliance and acceptance of hearing-loss and hearing-aids. Methods: In this questionnaire-based survey study, the Punjabi-language speaking elderly persons having hearing-impairment were identified into two groups, current-user and non-user of hearing-aids. A questionnaire prepared in the Punjabi language was administered, which consisted of twenty questions with a five-point rating scale. It yielded scores in five subscales that probed the social and emotional impact of hearing loss, denial, stigma, manual dexterity. The responses of the participants were then analysed. Result : A total of seventy-four questionnaires were completed. Average time of 9.63 minutes to complete one questionnaire. The mean age of respondents was 67.05 years. Of these, 45.95% were current users, and 54.05% were non-users of hearing aids. The subjects in both groups had a sensorineural hearing loss of moderate to a moderately-severe degree. Appropriate statistical analysis was performed. On average, the non-users had higher scores on the emotional impact of hearing loss, denial, and stigma subscales. Conclusions: The factors responsible for non-usage of hearingaids by the persons with hearing-impairment were a stigma associated with the hearing aid usage; denial of hearing loss; and emotional impact of hearing loss. Both, social impact of hearing loss and poor manual dexterity were not limiting factors for non-compliance in hearing-aid users
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Anemia di Wilayah Kerja Kelurahan Candirejo Ungaran Barat Kabupaten Semarang
Authors: Widayati Widayati , Afriyanii Luvi Dian
Published: December 2019

Anemia dalam kehamilan memberi pengaruh kurang baik bagi ibu, baik dalam kehamilan, persalinan, maupun nifas dan masa selanjutnya. Anemia dapat disebabkan faktor  determinan ibu. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan anemia yaitu umur, pendidikan, paritas, jarak kehamilan dan KEK. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah crosssectional. Variabel terikatnya diukur melalui pemeriksaan Hb kepada semua sampel dan pada saat itu juga akan dilihat faktor penyebab anemia yang terdiri dari faktor umur, paritas, jarak kehamilan, pendidikan yang didapatkan dengan kuesioner dan KEK dengan pengukuran LILA ( Lingkar Lengan Atas ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara umur dengan anemia ( P value : 0,041 ), ada hubungan antara pendidikan dengan anemia di Kelurahan Candirejo Ungaran Barat ( P value : 0,038 ), ada hubungan antara jarak kehamilan dengan anemia di Kelurahan Candirejo Ungaran Barat ( P value : 0,024 ), ada hubungan antar paritas dengan anemia di Kelurahan Candirejo Ungaran Barat (p value 0.019 ) dan tidak ada hubungan antara KEK dengan anemia di Kelurahan Candirejo Ungaran Barat ( p value ; 0,075 ). Umur resiko tinggi, jarak kehamilan yang dekat , paritas dan pendidikan beresiko mengalami anemia dalam kehamilan. Diharapkan tenaga kesehatan melakukan pendampingan ibu hamil dengan anemia dan melakukan deteksi dini dengan melakukan pemeriksaan Hb kepada semua ibu hamil.
ANALISIS PENGETAHUAN IBU NIFAS TENTANG TANDA BAHAYA BAYI BARU LAHIR DI WILAYAH KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Veftisia Vistra , Khayati Yulia Nur
Published: December 2019

Penyebab AKB di Kabupaten Semarang tahun 2016 bila dilihat dari umur kematian bayi, kasus kematian terbanayk pada usia 7 hari (77 bayi), usia 8-28 hari (31 bayi), dan usia 29 hari – 11 bulan (43 kasus). Dengan penyebab terbesar AKB adalah BBLR (44 kasus), asfiksia (29 kasus), dan sisanya (78 kasus) karena infeksi, kelainan kongenital, aspirasi, tetanus, dan lain-lain. Berbagai upaya yang telah dilakukan untuk menekan Angka Kematian Bayi antara lain dengan pemberian makanan tambahan pada ibu hamil, pemberian informasi tentang perawatan BBL (Profil Kesehatan Kabupaten Semarang, 2016). Akan tetapi untuk informasi tentang tanda bahaya bayi baru lahir belum ada program khusus.Untuk Menganalisis Pengetahuan Ibu Nifas Tentang Tanda Bahaya Bayi Baru Lahir Di Wilayah Kabupaten SemarangPenelitian Penelitian menggunakan desain analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 76 responden dengan pengambilan sampel  menggunakanPurposive sampling. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi Square. Dengan hasil tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kepemelikan buku KIA (p=1.000), membaca buku KIA (p=0,980), Mendapat informasi (p=0,951), Usia ibu (p=0,422), pendidikan ibu (p=0,349) dengan pengetahuan ibu nifas tentang tanda bahaya bayi baru lahir, dan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara penjelasan nakes (p=0.002) dengan pengetahuan ibu nifas tentang tanda bahaya bayi baru lahir. Tenaga kesehatan hendaknya selalu memberikan penjelasan tentang tanda bahaya bayi baru lahir baik pada waktu kunjungan antenatal maupun saat kunjungan post natal dan lebih memberikan dukungan pada ibu untuk membaca buku KIA yang berkaitan dengan tanda bahaya bayi baru lahir.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN IBU HAMIL DENGAN JUMLAH KUNJUNGAN ANTENATAL CARE DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SIKUR KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR
Authors: Annisa Nurul Hikmah , Idyawati Susilia , Ulya Yadul
Published: December 2019

Antenatal Care selama kehamilan sangat penting, karena Antenatal Care dapat mendeteksi secara dini komplikasi kehamilan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang Antenatal Care dengan jumlah kunjungan Antenatal Care. Desain pada penelitian ini adalah analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah populasi 53 orang sampel dilakukan dengan teknik total sampling. Analisa data dengan chi-square. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh dari 53 orang responden mayoritas berumur 20-25 tahun yaitu 25 orang (47,25%) berpendidikan SMU 29 orang (24,7%) belum memiliki anak 17 orang (32,1%) dan usia kehamilan berada pada trimester 3 sebanyak 23 orang (24,4%) dan berpengetahuan baik 31 orang (58,5%). Jumlah kunjungan mayoritas sesuai dengan usia kehamilan yaitu 40 orang (75,5%). Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang Antenatal Care dengan jumlah kunjungan Antenatal Care dengan p=0,108>0,05. Dengan demikian tingkat kepatuhan ibu untuk datang melakukan kunjungan setiap dianjurkan oleh bidan merupakan faktor pendukung alasan melakukan kunjugan tanpa mengetahui makna di setiap kunjungan.Untuk itu bidan diharapkan dapat memberikan pendidikan kesehatan tentang Antenatal Care, tujuan Antenatal Care serta jadwal kunjungan Antenatal Care sehingga setiap kunjungan yang dilakukan ibu hamil bermanfaat. Dengan kunjungan kehamilan dapat dipantau kemajuan kehamilan serta menghasilkan ibu dan bayi yang sehat.
The Use of Deixis in Narrative Texts in the BSE English Textbook's "Developing English Competencies 1"
Authors: Ibnus Nizar
Published: December 2019

Deixis as one of pragmatic features appears in every kind of text including narrative text. Deictic elements hold inseparable relation between its textual meaning and its context. This study is aimed at examining deixis in the narrative texts in BSE English textbook’s “Developing English Competencies 1” for Senior High School Grade X and explaining how they are realized in different contexts. The study uses descriptive qualitative method with five narrative texts taken as the sample for analysis. The results show that the narrative texts use all kinds of deixis, with person deixis as the most frequently used one. Person deixis enables the narrative texts to focus on the characters and the actions. Deixis is highly context-dependent that it cannot be understood without considering the context. Therefore, in comprehending narrative texts, English learners cannot only rely on their vocabularies repertoire they need also to comprehend the whole context of the story.
Analisis Makna Kata Hana dan Bunga Sebagai Polisemi (Kajian Linguistik Kognitif)
Authors: Riani Rosalina Wahyu
Published: December 2019

Cognitive linguistics views that the meaning of a word, especially in polysemi, doesnot just appear, but there is something that motivates and lies behind it. To describethe relationship between meanings in polysemy can be done through language style.Categorization and comparing activities can occur in the form of metaphorical, metonymy,and synchronic forms. The word 'ﬂower' in Indonesian with ana hana ’in Japanese hasalmost the same meaning and function. This study aims to determine the meaning of theword ﬂower and hana seen from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. This study usesa qualitative descriptive method by taking data from various sources. The results of thisstudy are 1) in general the meaning of the word "ﬂower" is something beautiful, calmingthe heart, pleasing to the eye, pleasant to hear, fragrant smell; 2) in general the meaningof the word "hana" is a beautiful woman; Wreaths; ﬂower picture card game; colorful,striking, brilliant, beautiful.Keywords: cognitive linguistics, polisemi, hana, bunga
Disposición al pensamiento crítico y resiliencia en estudiantes de Psicología de una universidad privada de Lima Norte
Authors: Zapater-Ferrer Esteban
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: determinar la relación entre la disposición al pensamiento crítico y la resiliencia en estudiantes de Psicología de una universidad privada de Lima Norte. Materiales y métodos: estudio no experimental, de corte transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 209 estudiantes de Psicología, mayores de 18 años. El tipo de muestreo fue no probabilístico intencional. Las variables principales fueron la disposición al pensamiento crítico y la resiliencia, medidas a través de la Escala de Disposición al Pensamiento Crítico y la Escala de Resiliencia de Wagnild y Young, respectivamente. Se utilizó el paquete estadístico Stata 15.1, analizando la normalidad mediante la prueba Kolmogorov-Smirnov y empleando las pruebas Chi-cuadrado y Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: la muestra presentó una media de edad de 20.56 años. Se encontró que existe relación significativa entre la disposición al pensamiento crítico y la resiliencia (p=0.000) y, entre esta última, y la búsqueda de la verdad (p=0.001), la amplitud mental (p=0.008), la capacidad de análisis (p=0.001), la sistematicidad (0.019), la confianza en la razón (p=0.000), la curiosidad (p=0.009) y la madurez para formular juicios (p=0.000). Conclusión: los niveles de disposición al pensamiento crítico, búsqueda de la verdad, amplitud mental, capacidad de análisis, sistematicidad, confianza en la razón, curiosidad y madurez para formular juicios, se asocian a los niveles de resiliencia.  Además, ambos constructos se muestran como elementos en interacción recíproca, aumentando los niveles de uno al incrementarse el otro y viceversa.
CHANGES IN STROMAL PROGENITOR CELLS DERIVED FROM BONE MARROW IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC MYELOGENOUS LEUKAEMIA AT THE ONSET OF THE DISEASE AND DURING TREATMENT
Authors: Petinati N. A. , Shipunova I. N. , Bigildeev A. E. , Sats N. V. , Chelysheva E. Yu. , Shukhov O. A. , Petrova A. N. , Turkina A G. , Drize N. I.
Published: December 2019

Introduction. The properties of progenitor cells in the stromal microenvironment, i.e. multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSC) and fi broblast colony-forming units (CFU-F), undergo changes in patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML).

Aim. To compare the progenitor cells of the stromal microenvironment (MMSCs and CFU-Fs) obtained from the bone marrow of CML patients at the onset of the disease, one year after the start of the treatment and during the long-term treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI).

Materials and methods. The study involved an analysis of the characteristics of MMSCs, the concentration of CFU-Fs in the bone marrow of CML patients, as well as the relative expression level of genes (REL) associated with differentiation and involved in the regulation of haematopoiesis. The analysis was performed at the onset of the disease, one year after the start of the treatment, as well as 3–8 and 9–16 years after the TKI therapy. MMSCs and CFU-Fs of healthy donors were used for control purposes.

Results. The concentration of CFU-Fs at the onset of the disease did not differ from that in donors; however, the relative expression level of genes associated with differentiation was increased in the CFU-F colonies. A year after the start of TKI treatment, the concentration of CFU-Fs decreased by four times. Subsequently, the concentration increased to reach normal values following 8 years of TKI treatment. The total production of MMSCs was not changed at the onset of the disease; however, it decreased after a year of TKI treatment, subsequently returning to normal. The expression of many genes was altered in the MMSCs of patients, i.e. the REL of LIF and JAG1 increased by 10 and 2 times, respectively; in the course of treatment, the REL of LIF in MMSCs decreased, always remaining higher than in those of the donors, whereas the expression of JAG1 returned to normal. At the onset of the disease, the REL of LIF in the MMSCs of patients, who achieved a deep molecular response (DMR) within 17 months of the treatment, was three times lower than in the MMSCs of those patients who did not reach DMR within 50 months, with JAG1 not differing from that of donors.

Conclusion. Changes in stromal progenitor cells are associated with the influence of tumour cells, as well as with TKI therapy. A normal expression level of JAG1 and a decreased expression level of LIF in the MMSCs of CML patients at the onset of the disease may be predictive of DMR achievement.

Conflict of interest: the authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financial disclosure: the study had no sponsorship.
AGGREGATION AND SIZE OF PLATELETS IN CHILDREN WITH BURN DISEASE
Authors: Levin G. Ya. , Popovicheva A. N. , Sosnina L. N. , Sheremetyev Yu. A.
Published: December 2019

Introduction. One of the main factors involved in the pathogenesis of burn disease consists in the disturbance of microcirculation and haemostasis, caused by increased platelet aggregation. Mechanisms underlying the enhancement of platelet aggregation are poorly understood. Main results were obtained for adult patients at the onset of the burn disease, with no similar data on paediatric patients being available. There is evidence of a relationship between the size of platelets (MPV) and their functionality.

Aim. To undertake a study of spontaneous and ADP-induced platelet aggregation and their size in children with burn disease.

Materials and methods. We studied the aggregation and size of platelets in children aged 3–17 years, in whom burn areas covered 10–70 % of the body surface at the onset of the disease and before discharge. Spontaneous platelet aggregation was analysed under conditions of induced shear flow, whereas ADP-induced aggregation was studied employing a turbidimetric method. The study of platelet sizes was carried out using a conductometric method.

Results. Spontaneous platelet aggregation increases significantly in children with burn disease. The integrated optical density of the formed aggregates, their area and perimeter were estimated for the first time. These indicators remained elevated even after burn wounds had been completely closed. In burn disease, changes in ADP-induced platelet aggregation were multidirectional in nature. Mean platelet volume (MPV) was increased during the acute period of burn disease, decreased during the period of toxaemia, and normalised by the time of patients’ discharge. Changes in MPV did not affect the aggregation properties of platelets. There was no correlation between the degree of aggregation and the severity of hyperfibrinogenemia. The blood of burn patients contained a large number of activated platelets, which was the reason for the increase in their spontaneous aggregation, not requiring the participation of exogenous inducers.

Conclusion. An increase in spontaneous platelet aggregation was observed in children after a thermal injury, which remained elevated until the burn wounds were completely closed. A significant increase in the number of activated platelets constituted the reason for the increase in spontaneous platelet aggregation.

Conflict of interest: the authors declare no confl ict of interest.

Financial disclosure: the study had no sponsorship.
DIFFERENTIATION OF THE A1 AND A2 SUBGROUPS OF THE AB0 SYSTEM: BIOLOGICAL BACKGROUND AND SEROLOGICAL STRATEGY
Authors: Golovkina L. L. , Kalandarov R. S. , Stremoukhova A. G. , Kalmykova O. S. , Pushkina T. D. , Surin V. L. , Pshenichnikova O. S. , Nikolaeva T. L. , Olovnikova N. I.
Published: December 2019

Introduction. The identification of weak variants of the A antigen, as well as their differentiation, is necessary for the proper selection of erythrocyte-containing media for blood transfusions. To this end, selective anti-A1 reagents that react only with the A1 antigen are used in combination with anti-A reagents reacting equally with the A1 and A2 antigens. Given that the expression of the A antigen varies within the subgroups and there is no established standard for reagents and procedures, the interpretation of the obtained results presents difficulties.

Aim. To develop a strategy for identifying the variants of the A antigen using available reagents in an agglutination reaction.

Methods. We compared the effectiveness of four anti-A1 and two anti-H reagents using 23 blood samples (groups A2 and A2B) and control samples (groups A1 and A1 B). Two types of anti-A1 reagents were employed: Dolychos biflorus lectin and monoclonal antibodies. All of the reagents were designed for direct agglutination reactions. Belonging of the erythrocytes to the A2 subgroup was confirmed using genetic analysis.

Results. It is shown that anti-A1 reagents did not interact with A2B red blood cells and often reacted with A2 red blood cells. The strength of the reaction with A2 red blood cells varied greatly and was weaker than with A1 red blood cells; however, it hindered the subgroup identification. Simultaneous tests conducted using an anti-H reagent allowed the authors to draw an unambiguous conclusion about blood belonging to a subgroup: a strong reaction indicated the A2 subgroup, whereas a negative or weak reaction indicated the A1 subgroup. A discrepancy was noted between the results obtained for two donors using serological and molecular methods: the A3 subgroup was identified serologically, whereas genotyping revealed the AB0*A1 allele. In both cases, direct sequencing showed a combination of mutant alleles giving the A3 phenotype. When using commercial kits to perform genotyping analysis through a polymerase chain reaction, it should be taken into consideration that primers are matched to the most common variants and cannot detect all mutations of the AB0 gene.

Conclusion. Reliable identification of the A2 subgroup through serological methods is possible when using lectin or monoclonal anti-A1 antibodies in combination with a monoclonal anti-H reagent.

Conflict of interest: the authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financial disclosure: the study had no sponsorship.
Wychowanie dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym w poglądach pedagogów i publicystów wybranych czasopism Królestwa Polskiego z II połowy XIX i początków XX wieku
Authors: Kalinowska-Witek Barbara
Published: December 2019

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie poglądów pedagogów i publicystów na temat wychowania i nauczania małego dziecka na ziemiach polskich w II połowie XIX i na początku XX w. W celu zgromadzenia danych posłużono się metodami historyczno-krytycznej analizy źródeł i analizy zawartości prasy. Uzyskany materiał poddano analizie jakościowej. Pedagodzy zajmujący się małymi dziećmi zapoznawali społeczeństwo z zasadami funkcjonowania placówek i głównymi założeniami edukacji przedszkolnej. Ważną rolę w propagowaniu idei edukacji przedszkolnej odegrały czasopisma, zwłaszcza skierowane do kobiet – wychowawczyń młodego pokolenia. Publicyści wskazywali na znaczenie pierwszych lat w życiu dziecka, uświadamiali rodzicom popełniane przez nich błędy, udzielali rad i wskazówek. Informowali o powstających placówkach – ochronkach i ogródkach freblowskich, które dały początek wychowaniu przedszkolnemu. Publicyści zachęcali też młode dziewczęta do udziału w kursach dla freblanek i podejmowaniu pracy w ogródkach dziecięcych. Wszystko to przyczyniło się do upowszechnienia idei edukacji przedszkolnej i doskonalenia metod nauczania i wychowania przedszkolnego.
Proces przemian w wychowaniu przedszkolnym w Łodzi po 1918 roku w świetle źródeł archiwalnych
Authors: Sosnowska Joanna
Published: December 2019

Celem badań w niniejszym szkicu była próba ukazania przeobrażeń w dziedzinie wychowania przedszkolnego w Łodzi po odzyskaniu niepodległości w 1918 r. Problem badawczy stanowiła kwestia organizowania edukacji przedszkolnej przez łódzki samorząd, kiedy jedynymi placówkami dla dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym w mieście były ochronki społeczne, prowadzone przez organizacje filantropijne, parafie i społeczności różnych wyznań oraz osoby prywatne. Innym zagadnieniem było to, jakie impulsy i okoliczności zadecydowały o zorganizowaniu pierwszej i 12 kolejnych miejskich placówek przedszkolnych w Łodzi. W poszukiwaniu odpowiedzi sięgnięto do materiału źródłowego stanowiącego zasób Archiwum Państwowego w Łodzi, poddając analizie badawczej zgromadzone tam dokumenty (głównie Wydziału Oświaty i Kultury Zarządu m. Łodzi). W wyniku badań stwierdzono, że w roku 1922 zarząd miejski objął nadzorem pedagogicznym około 15 społecznych placówek przedszkolnych, ale kontrole ich pracy wychowawczej wykazywały wiele uchybień. Ta kwestia stała się głównym impulsem do podjęcia przez łódzki samorząd działań ukierunkowanych na zakładanie własnych instytucji wychowania przedszkolnego. Wniosek z badań: przeobrażenia, jakie można odnotować w obszarze edukacji przedszkolnej po 1918 r., to przede wszystkim próba ujednolicenia działalności pedagogicznej ochronek społecznych o różnym statusie, podniesienie poziomu pracy wychowawczej przez systematyczny nadzór i doskonalenie metodyczne oraz zapoczątkowanie – poprzez powołanie w 1924 r. pierwszego miejskiego przedszkola – sieci placówek przedszkolnych w mieście.
Przedszkola na uchodźstwie w okresie drugiej wojny światowej
Authors: Chmielewski Witold
Published: December 2019

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie w zarysie działalności polskich przedszkoli na obczyźnie w okresie II wojny światowej. W pracy zastosowano metody badawcze właściwe dla historii wychowania. Zawarte w niej treści oparte zostały w głównej mierze na rezultatach kwerendy archiwalnej w Instytucie Polskim i Muzeum im. gen Sikorskiego w Londynie. W artykule wykazano, że przedszkola polskie prowadziły działalność we wszystkich większych skupiskach uchodźczych w Iranie, Indiach, Palestynie Afryce Środkowo-Wschodniej i Południowej, Nowej Zelandii, Meksyku oraz 2 Korpusie gen. Władysława Andersa. Swoją działalnością obejmowały one głównie sieroty i dzieci, które z różnych przyczyn pozbawione były opieki rodzicielskiej. Przedszkola tworzone w Austrii i Bawarii, nadzorowane przez polskie wojsko, gromadziły dzieci rodziców, którzy znaleźli się tam przymusowo podczas wojny i nie zdążyli jeszcze wrócić do kraju, oraz żołnierzy AK przybyłych z Polski. Wiele przedszkoli prowadziło opiekę całą dobę. Ich głównym zadaniem było przygotowanie dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym do pierwszej klasy szkoły powszechnej. Przedszkola organizowano przeważnie w budynkach szkolnych. Dokładano wszelkich starań, aby mimo różnorodnych trudności pracująca w nich kadra wychowawczyń miała odpowiednie kwalifikacje zawodowe. Zatrudniano również pomoce wychowawczyń. Przedszkola na uchodźstwie zakończyły swoją działalność wraz z likwidacją poszczególnych osiedli w latach 1945-1947. Podsumowując pracę przedszkoli na uchodźstwie, należy stwierdzić, że pełniły one ważną funkcję w wychowaniu i opiece nad najmłodszym pokoleniem Polaków na uchodźstwie, chroniły je przed wynarodowieniem, dawały poczucie ciepła i stabilizacji na tułaczym szlaku. Zagadnienie przedszkoli na uchodźstwie wymaga dalszych szczegółowych badań, zwłaszcza ich działalności na kontynencie afrykańskim.
Electrocoagulation Treatment for Removal of Color and Chemical Oxygen Demand in Landfill Leachate using Aluminum Electrode
Authors:   Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Environmental Engineering, JSS Science and Technology University (Formerly SJCE), Mysuru, Karnataka, India, M* Bharath , Krishna Dr. B. M. ,   Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Engineering, JSS Science and Technology University (Formerly SJCE), Mysuru, Karnataka, India., Kumar B P Shiva ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Engineering, JSS Science and Technology University (Formerly SJCE), Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
Published: December 2019

The present research work mainly deals with the removal percentage of Color and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) on landfill leachate by using electrocoagulation (EC) process. An EC process was carried out with an aluminium electrode and it act as both anode and cathode. The study mainly targets the factors affecting on electrode material, electrolysis time, initial pH, applied voltage, inter-electrode distance. The experimental result reveals that there was raise in BOD/COD ratio from 0.11 to 0.66 and the maximum percentage removal achieved were COD and Color 78.4% and 77.0% respectively. The optimum inter-electrode distance 1cm with electrode surface area 35 cm2 and optimum electrolysis time of 90 min at optimum applied voltage 10V, stirring speed 250 rpm and pH is 9.3. These results showed that the EC process is appropriate and well-organized approach for the landfill leachate treatment.
ПРАВОВА ПРИРОДА «НЕПРАВОМІРНОЇ ВИГОДИ» ЯК ПРЕДМЕТА КОРУПЦІЙНИХ ЗЛОЧИНІВ
Authors: Смушак Діана
Published: December 2019

У даній стані визначено правову природу «неправомірної вигоди» – альтернативи «хабара», як предмета корупційних злочинів, зокрема, зазначено що законодавець відніс до предмета «неправомірної вигоди»: майно, гроші, переваги, пільги, нематеріальні активи. Також зазначено ознаки кожної із зазначених складових.
Enfermedad arterial periférica y estrés oxidativo en pacientes del programa para la prevención de complicaciones de diabetes mellitus y dislipidemias
Authors: Noreña Acevedo Islendy , Peña Quimbayo Cristian Camilo , Ballén Torres María Angélica , Pineda Corral María Fernanda , Aranzalez Ramirez Luz Helena , Mockus Sivickas Ismena Vilte Ona
Published: December 2019

Introducción. La enfermedad arterial periférica (EAP) es causada principalmente por aterosclerosis e intervienen la hiperglucemia y dislipidemia que desencadenan estrés oxidativo y daño vascular.

Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia de EAP en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) y/o prediabetes y/o dislipidemias, así como algunos factores de riesgo; también, establecer si los niveles urinarios de 8-isoprostano-f2α (marcador de estrés oxidativo) están elevados en pacientes con EAP.

Diseño. Estudio de tipo transversal, no probabilístico, de conveniencia.

Materiales y métodos. La muestra comprendió 146 pacientes con DM2 y/o prediabetes y/o dislipidemias.

Se registraron factores de riesgo, síntomas relacionados con EAP, medida índice tobillo-brazo y variables bioquímicas (HbA1c%, glucemia basal, perfil lipídico, creatinina y albuminuria). Se determinaron niveles en orina de 8-isoprostano-f2α por ELISA. Los resultados de la concentración de 8-iso-PGF2α/creatinuria se analizaron mediante el paquete estadístico R. La comparación de factores de riesgo se analizó mediante ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis. Se generaron curvas ROC para analizar el poder discriminante del biomarcador. El análisis conjunto de resultados de laboratorios y de factores de riesgo se realizó mediante regresiones logísticas multivariantes.

Resultados. Se evidenció prevalencia de EAP en 10 pacientes diabéticos. Como factores de riesgo se encontraron: fumar, dislipidemia, mal control metabólico, sobrepeso u obesidad. No se evidenció aumento del 8-isoprostano-f2α urinario en estos sujetos.

Conclusiones. La prevalencia de EAP fue menor que en otros estudios, probablemente por el seguimiento médico regular. En este estudio, la determinación mediante ELISA del 8-isoprostano-f2α urinario no permitió identificar EAP en fases tempranas; se recomienda estudiar otros marcadores de estrés oxidativo.
PROSPECCIÓN DE ENFERMEDADES FÚNGICAS EN PLANTACIONES DE PALMA ACEITERA EN LA PROVINCIA DE LOS RÍOS
Authors: Pedro Terrero  , Sofía Peñaherrera  , Danilo Vera  , Bernardo Navarrete  , Mario Herrera
Published: December 2019

La Palma aceitera es uno de los cultivos más importantes en el país. Su producción está amenazada por problemas  fitosanitarios por ello se realizó una prospección de enfermedades fúngicas en la provincia de Los Ríos (Ecuador). Los resultados indican a Fusarium spp, presente en el 80% de las plantaciones evaluadas.
Aspectos epistemológicos das discussões sobre formação de professores em trabalhos publicados na Conferência Nacional sobre Modelagem na Educação Matemática
Authors: Matioli Cristiane Elise Reich , Mutti Gabriele Sousa Lins , Klüber Tiago Emanuel
Published: December 2019

Neste artigo discutimos aspectos epistemológicos concernentes à formação continuada de professores mencionadas nos trabalhos publicados na Conferência Nacional sobre Modelagem na Educação Matemática (CNMEM) na última década. A pesquisa foi orientada pela interrogação: O que se mostra, epistemologicamente, das discussões apresentadas pelos autores que discorrem sobre formação de professores, mencionados nos trabalhos sobre formação continuada publicados na CNMEM? Esta foi estabelecida sob a abordagem qualitativa, segundo uma perspectiva fenomenológica-hermenêutica. Foram analisados 18 trabalhos publicados na conferência. A análise  revelou que não há unanimidade de compreensão quanto aos encaminhamentos que devem ser adotados no contexto da formação continuada de professores e, do mesmo modo, no da formação continuada em Modelagem, o que explicita a necessidade de intensificação de esforços da comunidade acadêmica no sentido de buscar pelo estabelecimento de parâmetros, mesmo que mínimos, que busquem harmonizar o diálogo entre essas instâncias, visando o aprimoramento de iniciativas de formação que favoreçam a prática recorrente de modelagem dos professores.
Patterns of Teacher-Students Interaction Based on The Textbook “When English Rings A Bell” for Seventh Grade: A Classroom Discourse Study
Authors: Poerbowarni Endang
Published: December 2019

This study aimed to: 1) describe how teachers structure their classroom interaction based on the textbook “When English Rings a Bell” for Seventh Grade, and 2) reveal what affects their structuring classroom interaction.The study belongs to a case study. However, principles of discourse analysis are applied to data gathering and data analysis. Data were collected through interviews, document check, observation, note taking and videotaping of 80 minute-classroom interaction of four teachers, twice each, teaching seventh graders of four junior high schools. Verbal and non-verbal data were gathered, transcribed, noted and analyzed.Findings show that teachers structured their classroom interaction by consistently implementing the 2013 Curriculum and its aspects especially its scientific approach. More specifically, it was revealed that the teachers: (1) worked over the five stages of the scientific approach, in the order as it should be: observing, questioning, experimenting, associating, communicating; (2) started and ended the lessons using the same set of activities and expressions; (3) mostly used laptops and LCDs to provide language exposure by presenting songs, chants, texts, and tasks; (4) used Shaw’s textbook adaptation technique by modifying the content and format of the textbook material; (5) discussed interpersonal and transactional texts, through the texts’ social function, generic structure, and linguistic features. (6) integrated all four language competences of listening, reading, speaking, and writing, with the emphasis on oral and written skills; (7) assigned tasks requiring students’ active thinking rather that creative one; (8) were lack of time to measure students’ individual performance; (9) used bilinguals of English and Indonesian; (10) conducted indoors classes and arranged students to sit facing them except in group works. Further it was found out that teachers’ perception and language competence shaped teachers’ presentation in similar and different classroom interaction.