bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
International Real Estate Review
Authors:   National Taipei University, Peng Chien-Wen , Yang Jerry T. ,   National United University, Yang Tyler ,   IFE Group
Published: October 2021

This paper develops a theoretical model for equilibrium rent-to-price ratios from the competition between households and investors in the housing market. Households make their housing tenure choice in terms of rent vs. buy such as minimizing the cost of occupying a housing unit. On the other hand, investors choose between investing in rental housing vs. other investment opportunities in order to maximize their net present value. In the face of limited housing inventory, households and investors bid against one another which determines the allocation of the housing units among households (owner occupied properties) and investors (rental properties). We derive the sensitivity of the equilibrium rent-to-price ratio with respect to various market parameters, and subsequently analyze their potential impacts on the homeownership rate in the community. We show that some government mortgage programs subsidize homeownership to increase the affordability of owning a house, but may also provide even more incentive to the housing investors. Unless the government can effectively control the eligibility of borrowers, such affordable mortgage programs could work against their objectives and lead to higher housing prices and lower homeownership rates. Our model framework can be used to analyze the potential impacts of some of the new affordable housing policies on house prices or homeownership rates before adopting them.
A case report of forgotten double J stent with giant calculus formation from the renal pelvis to the bladder
Authors: Ahmed Faisal , Al-wageeh Saleh , Ghabisha Saif , Al-shami Ebrahim , Al-naggar Khalil , Obaid Ghamdan , Eslahi Ali , Alfaragi Mohammed , Mohammed Fawaz
Published: October 2021

Double j stent is commonly used in urological procedures. Its main purpose is to afford the sufficient drainage from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder. Following increased usage of double-J stent, several consequences associated to it have been reported. In this work, we report on a case of “forgotten” double j stent for 1 year in a 32-year-old male patient who visited emergency department with bilateral flank pain, fever, and vomiting for a duration of 3 days. A double-J stent was detected in the plain abdominal X-ray. It was also observed that a 20 × 15 mm stone has impacted the left renal pelvis. Therefore, two operations were performed successfully until the full recovery of the patient. Hence; the main aim of this paper is to increase awareness about the potential complications of “forgotten” double J Stent.
ԵՐԵՎԱՆՑԻ ԽՈՋԱ ԳՐԻԳՈՐ ՄՈԾԱԿԵՆՑԸ ԵՎ ՄԵՍՐՈՊ ՄԱՇՏՈՑԻ ԱՆՎԱՆ ՄԱՏԵՆԱԴԱՐԱՆԻ N 6231 ՀԱՅՍՄԱՎՈՒՐՔԸ
Authors: Harutyunyan Khachik
Published: October 2021

GRIGOR KHOJA MOTSAKENTC OF YEREVAN AND NO 6231 HAYSMAVURK‘ OF MATENADARAN OF MESROP MASHTOTS The study is dedicated to the activities of Grigor Khoja, a member of one of the influential families of the late medieval Yerevan known as the Motsakentc. In the context of this research, it is important to highlight the valuable evidences of various written sources of the XVII-XVIII centuries, among which the main colophon of the manuscript MM 6231 copied in 1652, stands out with its relevant information about Grigor. In the same colophon, the scribe lists the construction works funded by Grigor Khoja, who has sponsored also the writing of the manuscript and made various donations to the Kathoghike St. Astvatsatsin Church in Yerevan. According to this source, the chapel of the same church and a bridge in the nearby village of Parakar were built with the financial support of Grigor Motsakentc. However, as it seems, the construction of the bridges was not limited to this. According to historian Arakel Davrijetsi, the Ashtarak bridge on the Kasakh River was built under the sponsorship of the same Grigor Khoja. The second part of the article is dedicated to the history of the manuscript MM 6231, from its copying to later reaching the Matenadaran in Yerevan. According to several further colophons written in the manuscript, the book has been captured and taken to Karin, but later was liberated, returned to Yerevan, and at the beginning of the XX century entered the Matenadaran with the manuscripts collected from various churches in the city.
American Democracy and Governance in a Polarized Era
Authors: Barringer Richard
Published: October 2021

Where do we stand today amid America’s sharply divided politics and governance? I argue here that in less than two and a half centuries since the nation’s founding, it has gone from the espousal of democracy and the general welfare to the pursuit of autocracy and corporatism. In the absence of fundamental reforms, America’s founding principles and our national character are at risk.
Impact Of Engine Room Simulator As A Tool For Training And Assessing Bsmare Students’ Performance In Engine Watchkeeping
Authors:   John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation, Mangga Charles , Tibo-oc Paul ,   John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation, Montaño Ronnie ,   John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation
Published: October 2021

Ship engine room simulator is a tool used by maritime academies that offer the Marine Engineering Program. According to the Standards of Training Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW), to provide physical realism in training and assessment, simulators are employed. Assessment programs have the intent of providing results that educators will utilize to improve their teaching strategies and improve learner performance (Klinger et al. 2008). This study aimed to (1) Determine the level of competencies of the Bachelor of Science in Marine Engineering cadets in Engine Watchkeeping with Resource Management before and after their exposure to the training on the use of the simulator as a tool for learning, and (2) To find out if there is a significant difference in the level of competencies of the cadets in Engine Watchkeeping before and after the training on the use of the simulator as a tool for learning. Mean and Wilcoxon tests were utilized to analyze the data. It was found that a significant difference in the level of competencies of the cadets in Engine Watchkeeping before and after the training, which implies that the Engine Room Simulator is a tool for learning and assessing the competencies of students in Engine Watchkeeping is effective. The study recommends that instructors should maximize the use of the available simulators in teaching the course. Students shall have a hands-on experience as supplementary to the theories that they learn.
Swarm Of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles – Preliminary Results Of The Control System
Authors:   Polish Naval Academy, Praczyk Tomasz , Bodnar Tadeusz ,   Polish Naval Academy
Published: October 2021

A swarm of autonomous underwater vehicles can be a valuable alternative for fully equipped and very expensive super-vehicles. A distributed system of tightly cooperating vehicles can be cheaper, simpler in maintenance, more reliable, more flexible and universal than traditional single-vehicle systems. However, keeping a tight formation of underwater vehicles in the condition of the sea current, unclear environment, and rare inter-vehicle communication is a very challenging problem, which requires an effective vehicle control system. The paper proposes a solution to the above-mentioned problem, which is based on neuro-evolution. Moreover, the paper also presents the first results of the proposed system.
Assessment Of LNG Bunkering Accidents
Authors:   University of Ljubljana, Vidmar Peter , Androjna Andrej ,   University of Ljubljana
Published: October 2021

The maritime safety is of great concern for the entire maritime community. Ships using LNG for propulsion are already sailing the seas, but the majority of the ports are not yet prepared for this kind of supply. As the process of LNG bunkering is only seemingly similar to traditional oil bunkering or liquid loading, dealing with the technical and safety challenges is much more subject of investigation. In this paper, the dispersion part of the consequences of LNG release, pooling, evaporation and dispersion during the future bunkering operation in the port of Koper, Slovenia, where the populated area (city) is located in close proximity are examined. We follow the comparison of three different tools, namely the Unified Dispersion Model (UDM) implemented by the software PHAST from DNV-GL® and two CFD (FDS – Fire Dynamics Simulator from NIST and Ansys Fluent®) in the same case scenario. Geometry, initial and boundary conditions are assumed to be the same as far as possible, according to the limitations of the respective software tools.
Contribution To The Reduction Of The Ship’s Switchboard By Applying Sensor Technology
Authors:   University of Split, Kaštelan Nediljko , Zubčić Marko ,   University of Split, Krčum Maja ,   University of Split, Petković Miro ,   University of Split
Published: October 2021

The paper discusses the contribution to energy efficiency by reducing the dimensions of the main switchboard (medium voltage or High Voltage – used on ship). Reducing the dimensions of the switchboards can be achieved by reducing the dimensions of the bus bars, while fully satisfying the conditions with regard to thermal and mechanical stresses. The same can be achieved by modifying some other components, such as the application of new technology for measuring current and voltage, using current and voltage sensors that fall into the category of completely new technological solutions. By replacing conventional measuring transformers (IT), compact and efficient sensor technology significantly contributes to reducing the dimensions and mass of switchboards, which ultimately contributes to energy efficiency. Previous applications, the possibility of improving existing solutions, especially in applications in marine power systems, and new technological solutions that contribute to the efficiency of the marine power system using the Rogowski coil sensor and voltage divider voltage sensors are also considered.
How we think the Transcendent: the Dialogue between Carl Jung and Martin Buber
Authors:   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bachev Miroslav
Published: October 2021

The relationship between metaphysics and psychology has different dimensions. An emblematic example of this relationship is the literary polemics between Martin Buber and Carl Jung about boundaries between the two areas of scientific knowledge. According to Buber, Jung allows himself to cross the border of psychology and psychiatry through metaphysical assertions, while Yung claims he doesn’t go beyond that, and all his speeches, even about transcendent objects, don’t leave the sphere of empiricism. The purpose of this article is to reconstruct this dialogue and critically analyze it in view of the possibilities of thinking of the transcendence.
The Process Philosophy for the Essence and the Future of Education
Authors:   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bogomilova Nonka
Published: October 2021

The review comments and analyses main topics, ideas and theses emphasized in Vesselin Petrov’s new book Elements of Contemporary Process Philosophical Theory of Education and Learning. Describing the structure of the book, the review outlines the author’s analysis of the Process philosophy’ s interpretation of the aims, tasks and elements of the education and learning within the innovative perspectives of internet, computers, the artificial intelligence. The metaphysical principles and notions of the Process Philosophy of A. Whitehead – holism, organism, dynamics, creativity – are applied to the education and learning problems and theories.
Memory Culture and Memory Policy in Germany – Prerequisites and Critique
Authors:   Sofia University, Decheva Daniela
Published: October 2021

The paper analyses the contemporary debate about memory culture and memory policy in Germany which are highly valid for Europe as well. They base on the political consensus that the memory of collective crimes committed in the past, especially of the Holocaust, and the honour to the victims, are a basic prerequisite for the protection of human rights. In the second part of the paper different critical views on the conception and practice of memory culture and memory policy in Germany are discussed.
Development in Latin America, origins and actuality of four lines of interpretation
Authors: Boff Ricardo Bruno
Published: October 2021

A América Latina, apesar de sua imensidão e diversidade, guarda um fio condutor na sua história, o qual faz com que ondas de acontecimentos semelhantes, de tempos em tempos, se espalhem pelo continente. O pensamento sobre modelos de desenvolvimento produzido na região, que orienta as lideranças dos países, influencia e é influenciado por essas ondas históricas, difundindo-se com elas. Neste artigo, o objetivo principal foi discutir as origens e a atualidade de quatro grandes linhas de pensamento latino-americanas sobre desenvolvimento – nacional-desenvolvimentismo, revolucionarismo-marxista, neoliberalismo e decolonialismo. A partir disso, fez-se uma breve apresentação de cada uma delas, localizando suas origens e apontando suas principais características e relevância atual. Ao final, foi possível constatar que, apesar da riqueza do debate sobre desenvolvimento na América Latina, é preciso renovar as matrizes antigas e avançar nas novas, diante das limitações que elas apresentam. Palavras-Chave: América Latina; Desenvolvimento; Pensamento latino-americano.
CONTINUIDADE OU MUDANÇA? AS RELAÇÕES CIVIS-MILITARES APÓS A INTERVENÇÃO FEDERAL NO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Fenocchio Azzi Veronica , Littlefield Ned , Littlefield Ned
Published: October 2021

O seguinte artigo visa responder à questão: Em comparação às operações de garantia de lei e da ordem (Op GLO), a intervenção federal de 2018 no Rio de Janeiro representa continuidade ou mudança para as relações civis-militares brasileiras? A partir de uma contextualização do emprego doméstico das Forças Armadas, faremos uma análise das semelhanças e diferenças entre tais operações de garantia da lei e da ordem e a Intervenção Federal, de forma conceitual e prática, seguida de uma análise que sustentará nosso argumento de que, pelos critérios de separação das relações civis-militares desenvolvidos por Pior-Berlin, a Intervenção Federal representou uma deterioração nas relações civis-militares em geral, pois seus procedimentos institucionais revelam uma maior militarização vis-à-vis as Op GLOs. Acreditamos que tal esforço seja importante para contribuir com o debate da tendência progressiva de participação militar em políticas públicas de segurança através da ótica das relações civis-militares.
A IDEOLOGIA DAS POLÍTICAS DOS PARLAMENTARES DO (P)MDB EM 2015 e 2016
Authors: Da Silva Lucas Garcia
Published: October 2021

O artigo em questão tem como objetivo classificar o comportamento ideológico dos parlamentares do PMDB, em 2015 e 2016, através dos projetos de lei apresentados, no Congresso Nacional, pelos deputados federais do partido. A metodologia de classificação ideológico partidária utilizada nesta pesquisa seguiu os passos de uma metodologia formulada pelo Grupo de Pesquisa Ideologia e Análise de Discurso, do PPG em Ciência Política da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, a qual é calcada na teoria do discurso de Ernesto Laclau e Chantal Mouffe, onde os sentidos sobre esquerda e direita advêm do próprio campo da representação política. Para cumprir o objetivo principal da pesquisa, foram analisados 325 projetos de lei apresentados pelos deputados federais do PMDB no período de 1 de janeiro de 2015 até 31 de dezembro de 2016. Após análises, observou-se que os PLs apresentados pelos parlamentares peemedebistas estão direcionados às subáreas tributação e segurança pública, e se encontraram mais à direita do espectro ideológico.
DEMOCRACIA, POPULISMO REACIONÁRIO E CHANTAGEM NEOLIBERAL
Authors: Girotto Neto Angelo
Published: October 2021

Este artigo se propõe a revisar o debate sobre a atual crise das democracias liberais a partir das obras Ruptura: a crise da democracia liberal, de Manuel Castells; O povo contra a democracia, de Yascha Mounk; Como as democracias morrem, de Steven Levitsky e Daniel Ziblatt. A partir da crítica a esses autores e com apoio em outros analistas, a hipótese sugere que os debates acerca da atual crise nas democracia liberais se desenvolvem em termos de uma chantagem neoliberal, onde o conceito de populismo serve também ao propósito de excluir do debate político diversos movimentos sociais antissistema, prevalecendo os interesses econômicos hegemônicos do capital financeirizado.
HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS QUANTITATION OF LOPINAVIR AND RITONAVIR IN TABLET FORMULATION
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, TVES’s Hon. Loksevak Madhukarrao Chaudhari College of Pharmacy, Nehru Vidyanagar, Savda Road Faizpur, (MS), India., Fegade J. D. , Chawla N. D , Chaudhari R. Y. , Patil V. R.
Published: October 2021

The present work describes a simple, accurate and precise HPTLC method for simultaneous quantitation of ritonavir (RVR) and lopinavir (LVR) in tablet formulation. Chromatographic separation of both drugs was performed on precoated aluminum plates, silica gel 60 F254 as the stationary phase and the solvent system consisted of toluene: ethyl acetate: methanol: glacial acetic acid in the ratio of 6.5:2.5:0.5:0.5(v/v/v/v). Densitometric evaluation of the separated zones was performed at 266 nm. The two drugs were satisfactorily resolved with Rf values of 0.242 0.03 and 0.413 0.02 for RVR and LVR, respectively. The accuracy and reliability of the method was assessed by evaluation of linearity (400-2000 ng/spot for RVR and 1600-8000 ng/spot for LVR), precision (intra-day RSD 0.16-0.38% and inter-day RSD 0.21-0.60 % for RVR and intra-day RSD 0.35-0.58 % and inter-day RSD 0.26-0.55 % for LVR) and recovery (99.54 0.62 % for RVR and 100.45 0.65 % for LVR), in accordance with ICH guidelines.
SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF 2-SUBSTITUTED PHENYL-1-(SUBSTITUTED PIPERAZIN-1-YL) METHYL)-1H-BENZO[D]IMIDAZOLES
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rajiv Academy for Pharmacy Mathura, N.H. #2 Delhi-Mathura Bypass P.O. Chhatikara Mathura 281001 Uttar Pradesh, India., Gupta S. K , Kumar N. , Pathak D.
Published: October 2021

A series of biologically active benzimidazole derivatives (2a-2n) was synthesized by the reaction of o-phenylenediamine with the derivatives of benzoic acid in presence of 4N-HCl followed by the reaction with piperazine and formaldehyde to undergo Mannich reaction. The structures of all the synthesized Mannich bases were characterized by UV, FTIR, 1H NMR, mass spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The compounds were evaluated for their anthelmintic activity by the identification of paralyzing and death time by using mebendazole as standard in the concentration of 2 mg/ml. The compounds 2a, 2b, 2e and 2h were found to be most potent for anthelmintic activity. All the compounds were also evaluated for antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacterial strains like Bacillus subtilis and Streptococcus aureus, and gram-negative bacterial strains like Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The study was performed through disc diffusion method by using Ciprofloxacin as standard in the concentration of 50µg/ml. The compounds 2e, 2h, 2k, 2l and 2m were found to possess significant antibacterial activity.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF DIFFERENCE SPECTROSCOPIC METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF TOLPERISONE HCL IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM
Authors:   Shri B.M.Shah College of Pharmaceutical, Education and Research, Modasa, College campus, Modasa 383315, Gujarat, India., Gohil K , Shah B. , Patel B. , Patel P. , Patel N.
Published: October 2021

Difference spectroscopic method is based on the principle that tolperisone hydrochloride can exhibit two different absorption spectra in basic and acidic medium. A stock solution (1 mg/ml) was prepared with distilled water. Further dilution was made by using 0.1 N sodium hydroxide and 0.1 N hydrochloric acid separately. The maxima and minima in the difference spectra of tolperisone hydrochloride were at 231nm and 263nm, respectively. Difference in absorbance between these maxima and minima was calculated to find out the amplitude. This amplitude was plotted against concentration. Linearity was found in the concentration range of 10-50µg/ml. The LOD and LOQ of tolperisone hydrochloride were found to be 0.064µg/mL and 0.196µg/mL respectively. The percentage recovery study of the drug for the proposed method was found in the range of 99.31 - 99.94% for tolperisone hydrochloride. The proposed method is recommended for routine analysis since it is rapid, simple, precise and accurate.
METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF OLANZAPINE IN PURE AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM BY RP-HPLC METHOD
Authors:   Department of Quality Assurance KLE University’s College of Pharmacy Belgaum-590 010, Karnataka, India., Mastiholimath V.S , Dandagi P.M. , Gadad A.P. , Murali Krishna N.V , Mannur V.
Published: October 2021

A simple and reliable reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for Olanzapine in pure and pharmaceutical dosage form. The method was developed on BDS Hypersil C18, (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 3μm) with a mobile phase of 0.01M tetra butyl ammonium hydrogen sulphate : methanol (80:20 v/v). The effluent was monitored by SPD-M20A, prominence UV-VIS detector at 234 nm. Calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 10 –60μg/ml For interday and intraday precision % relative standard deviation values were found to be 0.18% and 0.24% respectively. Recovery of olanzapine was found to be in the range of 99.93 -100.00%. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) were 0.39275 and 1.1901μg/ml, respectively. The retention time and run time was very short; hence it is cost effective, making it more economical and rapid. Also this method can be used for the analysis of large number of samples.
PRECLINICAL EVALUATION OF NOOTROPIC ACTIVITY OF GLABRIDIN RICH EXTRACT OF GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA USING PASSIVE AVOIDANCE PARADIGM IN RATS
Authors: Desai S. K , Pandey C. H , Mulgaonkar S.M. ,   Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Prin. K. M. Kundnani College of Pharmacy, 23-Jote Joy Building, Rambhau Salgaonkar Marg, Cuffe Parade, Colaba, Mumbai 400 005, Maharashtra, India.
Published: October 2021

The study was aimed at establishing the nootropic potential of Glycyrrhiza glabra using appropriate experimental model. Nootropic activity evaluation of Glabridin Rich Extract (GRE) of roots and stems of Glycyrrhiza glabra was carried out in rats using passive avoidance paradigm. In this model, scopolamine induced imbalance in the level of biochemical parameters like increase of lipid peroxidation and acetylcholinesterase levels and decrease of superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione and dopamine levels leading to impairment in cognitive functions were normalized following administration of GRE. An enhancement in step down latency was also seen in scopolamine induced memory impairment following GRE treatment. The mechanism of such protection of Glycyrrhiza glabra may be due to reduction in anticholinesterase levels, monoamino oxidase inhibition and augmentation of cellular antioxidants. Our data suggests that Glycyrrhiza glabra is a screened candidate that deserves to be investigated further as an herbal alternative for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF PUNICA GRANATUM LINN. IN ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
Authors: Patil U. S , Bandawane D. D. , Bibave K. H. , Chaudhari P. D. ,   Department of Pharmacology, Progressive Education Society’s Modern College of Pharmacy,Sector No. 21, Yamunanagar Nigdi, Pune- 411044, Maharashtra, India.
Published: October 2021

The present study was undertaken to evaluate antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activities of aqueous and methanolic extracts of leaves of Punica granatum. The aqueous and methanolic extracts (200 and 400 mg/kg) of the leaves were tested for their efficacy in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Glibenclamide (4 mg/kg), p.o. and insulin (5 unit/kg s.c.) were used as standard drugs. The maximum reduction in fasting blood glucose in diabetic rats was observed with aqueous extract as compared to methanolic extract. Oral glucose tolerance test in normal rats showed reduction in fasting blood glucose level at 60 min of extract administration. Aqueous and methanolic extracts of leaves of Punica granatum exhibited scavenging effect in concentration dependent manner on 2, 2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide and reducing power assay. Ascorbic acid was used as a standard. The findings of the present study suggested that Punica granatum possess significant antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activity.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF SEEDS OF TAMARINDUS INDICA IN WISTAR RATS
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, PES’s Modern College of Pharmacy Nigdi, Pune, 411044 Maharashtra, India., Hivrale M. G , Mali A. A. , Bandawane D. D.
Published: October 2021

Tamarindus indica L. is highly valued in Indian medicine for management of painful inflammation, diabetes and constipation. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated using carrageenan induced rat paw edema model. The coarse seed powder was extracted with distilled water, ethyl acetate and methanol and submitted to chemical tests which revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic compounds and steroids. All the three extracts i.e. aqueous, ethyl acetate and methanolic extract of Tamarindus indica seeds at 500 mg/kg showed significant anti-inflammatory activity in the second phase of inflammation. For comparison purpose, we used indomethacin (10 mg/kg) as a reference drug. The results showed that methanolic extract exhibited more promising anti-inflammatory activity compared to aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF PROCHLORPERAZINE MALEATE AND PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM BY UV USING MULTI-COMPONENT MODE OF ANALYSIS
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Kasturi Shikshan Sanstha’s College of Pharmacy Shikrapur, Pune 412 208, Maharashtra, India., Bhagwat G. B , Wate S. P , Mundhey A. S.
Published: October 2021

Prochlorperazine maleate and pyridoxine hydrochloride in combination are available as tablet dosage forms in the ratio of 1:5. A simple, reproducible and efficient method for the simultaneous determination of prochlorperazine maleate and pyridoxine hydrochloride in tablet dosage form has been developed. The developed method is based on the simultaneous estimation by UV Spectroscopy, using multi-component mode of analysis. In this method 0.3M HCl was used as solvent. Wavelengths selected for estimation of prochlorperazine maleate and pyridoxine hydrochloride in multi-component mode of analysis method were 254.5 nm and 290.5 nm respectively. Both drugs obey Beer-Lambert’s law in concentration range of 1-5 µg/mL (prochlorperazine maleate) and 5-25 µg/mL (pyridoxine hydrochloride). The results of analysis have been validated statistically and by recovery studies.
IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF SEEDS AND BARK OF PONGAMIA GLABRA VENT. ON HUMAN NEUTROPHILS
Authors:   Dept. of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, HKES’s MTR Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gulbarga 585105, Karnataka, India., Heroor S.S. , Beknal A.V. , Mahurkar N.K.
Published: October 2021

Methanolic extracts of seeds and bark of Pongamia glabra Vent. (250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg p.o.) in the concentration range 100, 50, 25, 12 and 6.25 µg were subjected to evaluate the phagocytic effect on human neutrophils using the in-vitro models – nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) dye test, phagocyotosis of Candida albicans and chemotaxis assay. The extracts of the plant in the concentration range 100,50,25,12 and 6.25 µg showed significant (P <0.01) phagocytic effect on human neutrophils in the parameters studied. Methanolic extracts of seeds and barks of Pongamia glabra Vent. exhibited immunostimulant property in in-vitro models.
Economic assessment of the habitat services and biodiversity losses under the Dniester hydropower complex impacts
Authors:   Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, Cazantseva Olga , Corobov Roman ,   Eco-Tiras International Association of River Keepers, Republic of Moldova, Trombitsky Ilya ,   Eco-Tiras International Association of River Keepers, Republic of Moldova, Sirodoev Ghenadii ,   Institute of Ecology and Geography, Republic of Moldova, Zubcov Elena ,   Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova
Published: October 2021

There are presented results of the economic valuation of the habitat service and biodiversity losses caused by the Dniester hydropower complex functioning. Habitat services were evaluated for two bird species (glossy ibis, Plegadis falcinellus, and yellow heron, Ardeola ralloides) and fish spawning grounds. The evaluation of biodiversity services was carried out for the Ramsar sites “Lower Dniester” and “Unguri - Holosnita”. The current cost of discussed losses in the Moldavian part of the Dniester basin is about USD 6.7-7.1 million.
Effect of Moringa oleifera Supplementation on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ‎during Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Infection in Broiler Chickens
Authors: Balami A.  G , Sule A. G. , Enam S. J. , Gadzama J. J. , Ndahi J. J. , Mustapha M. , Adamu L. , Wakawa A. M. , Aluwong T. , Abdu P. A.
Published: October 2021

This study was designed to assess the effect of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) on oxidative stress biomarkers in broiler chickens fed Moringa oleifera leaf (MOL) supplemented feed. Two hundred- and forty-day-old Ross 308 hybrid broiler chicks were randomly assigned into groups A, B, C and D of 60 chicks each.The chicks were raised on deep litter housing.Broiler starter (BS) and broiler finisher (BF) mash were formulated for broilers in groups A and B each with 5% MOL supplemented as part of the feed.while BS and BF were formulated without MOL for broilers in groups C and D. Broiler chickens in groups A, B and C were challenged with 0.05 ml of a live vvIBDV at 35 days of age, whereas those in group D served as controls. At days 35, 38, 42 and 49 of age, blood was collected from 10 broilers in each group via the wing vein to determine serum concentration of Catalase (CAT), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Superoxidase dismutase (SOD) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) using an Audiocomb Serum Auto-analyser.There was a significant increase in the concentration of CAT (P=0.0125) and GPx (P=0.0190), in broilers of group A at 38 days of age when compared with the control (group D). While the concentration of MDA increased significantly in broilers of group A (P=0.0004) at 42 days of age when compared with the control. Moringa oleifera leaf supplementation in the feed of broilers is shown to potentiate the antioxidant activities of CAT, GPx and MDA during infection with infectious bursal disease virus.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Siber Zorba ve Siber Mağdur Olma Durumunun Belirlenmesi
Authors: YORULMAZ Deniz S. , KARADENİZ Havva
Published: October 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışma ortaokul öğrencilerinin siber zorba ve siber mağdur olma durumunun belirlenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma tanımlayıcı tipte yapılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında ‘Kişisel Soru Formu’, ‘Siber Mağduriyet Ölçeği’ ve ‘Siber Zorbalık Ölçeği’ kullanılmıştır. Çalışma öncesinde etik kurul ve kurum izinleri alınmıştır. Veriler 23.09.2020-08.10.2020 tarihleri arasında çevrimiçi olarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde, ölçeklerin normallik dağılımına Kolmogorov-Smirnov testi ile bakılmış ve non-parametrik testler uygulanmıştır. Tanımlayıcı istatistiksel metotlar (frekans, yüzde) ile Mann Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis H testi kullanılmıştır. Tüm analiz sonuçlarının yorumlanmasında %95 güven düzeyi, 0.05 hata payı dikkate alınmıştır.Bulgular: Öğrencilerin %55.4’ü kız, %31.5’i 6.sınıf öğrencisi ve %63.6’sı akademik başarısını ‘iyi’ olarak algılamaktadır. Öğrencilerin %45.2’sinin kişisel telefonunun, %56.5’inin kişisel tableti/bilgisayarının olduğu, %38.5’inin günde 3 saat televizyon izlediği ve %47.4’ünün günde 0-1 saat telefon/ tablette oyun oynadığı saptanmıştır. Çalışmada Siber Mağduriyet Ölçek puan ortalaması 24±1.86, Siber Zorbalık Ölçek puan ortalaması 24±3.06 olarak bulunmuştur.Sonuç: Öğrencilerin hem siber zorba olduğu hem de siber mağduriyet yaşadığı tespit edilmiştir. Yaş, sınıf, ailenin gelir durumu, kişisel telefon ve tablet/ bilgisayara sahip olma ve günlük internet kullanım süresi ile siber mağduriyet ve siber zorbalık arasında anlamlı fark saptanmıştır.
THE EFFECT OF PERINEAL MASSAGE ON THE INSIDENCE PERINEAL RUPTURE IN LABOUR IN NENE MALLOMO HOSPITAL SIDENRENG RAPPANG
Authors: Jamir A. Fatimah , Tajuddin Titin
Published: October 2021

Background: one of the causes of direct maternal death related to childbirth is bleeding (28%). Perineal rupture is the most common cause of post partum hemorrhage after uterine atony. One way to reduce perineal rupture is to do perineal massage to train and stretch the perineal tissue to make it more soft and elastic. Objective: to determine the effect of perineal massage on the incidence of perineal rupture in labor. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental design with an "Equivalent control group design" approach. The population in this study were all trimester III primigrvida pregnant women at Nene Mallomo Hospital, Sidenreng Rappang Regency. Sampling using purposive sampling technique, as many as 20 people were divided into two groups, namely 10 people in the intervention group and 10 people in the control group. Data collection using SOP, observation sheet and partograph then the data is processed and analyzed using computer (SPSS) version 20. Data analysis includes univariate analysis by looking for frequency distribution, bivariate analysis with Wilcoxon test with significance level α (0.05). Results: based on the results of statistical tests using Willcoxon, the results obtained p = 0.027 kurang dari α= 0.05, so Ho was rejected, which means that there was an effect of perineal massage on the incidence of perineal rupture in childbirth at the Nene Mallomo Hospital, Sidenreng Rappang Regency. The intervention group experienced less rupture of 4 people (20%) compared to the control group of 7 people (35%). Conclusion: There is an effect of perineal massage on the incidence of perineal rupture in labor.
Resolved and unresolved issues of cerebrovascular disease in diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tanashyan Мarine М. , Antonova Kseniya V. , Lagoda Оlga V. , Shabalina Аlla А.
Published: October 2021

Significant contribution of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to the development and progression of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) has been confirmed over the past few decades. The aim of this article is to present the results of many years of research, summarizing generally resolved problems in CVD and T2DM comorbidity, as well as raising several issues that still need to be clarified.
Materials and methods. The assessment results of 824 patients with CVD were selected from a large body of data for inclusion in the analysis. Ischaemic stroke was analysed in 250 patients: 128 patients with T2DM (aged 63 [54; 74] years) and 122 patients without T2DM (62 [52; 71] years). The group with chronic CVD consisted of 574 people: 300 patients with T2DM (62 [56; 69] years) and 274 patients without T2DM (63 [57; 68] years). The results of surgery for carotid artery stenosis were evaluated in 170 patients, including 72 patients with T2DM. The control group consisted of 86 persons without CVD (60 [54; 63] years). A wide range of clinical, laboratory and imaging assessments included physical and neurological examinations, neuropsychological tests, blood chemistry, haemorheological and haemostasis tests, as well as neuroimaging studies.
Results. T2DM has a significant effect on neurological, neuropsychological, cognitive and functional impairments, as well as on the outcome of acute and chronic CVD, progression of intracranial atherosclerotic lesions, and changes in cerebral and vascular tissue. The impact of the quality of glycaemic control and duration of chronic hyperglycaemia on neurocognitive and structural brain changes has not been completely determined yet. The role of non-glycaemic changes, including influence of several mediators on the vascular and neurodegenerative mechanisms of cerebral tissue damage, warrants further study.
Conclusion. The obtained results identify a wide range of unanswered questions and emphasize the need for both possible changes to several clinical algorithms and for ongoing in-depth studies of CVD associated with T2DM.
Carotid sinus syndrome in carotid angioplasty with stenting
Authors: Polishchuk Roman V. , Piradov Мikhail A. , Ryabinkina Yulia V. , Shchipakin Vladimir L. , Koshcheev Aleksandr Yu. , Prokazova Polina R.
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Significant progress has been made in primary stroke prevention, including through the widespread use of carotid angioplasty with stenting (CAS). At the same time, there is a growing number of publications reporting the development of carotid sinus syndrome (CSS) (haemodynamic instability) in the periope- rative period, as well as cerebral and cardiac complications and death, which requires in-depth study to improve the quality of medical care for patients with carotid artery stenosis.
The aim of the study was to determine the frequency, risk factors, clinical features and outcomes of CSS in patients with carotid artery stenosis undergoing CAS.
Materials and methods. The study included 120 patients with carotid artery disease, who underwent an elective surgical intervention consisting of transluminal balloon angioplasty. All patients underwent comprehensive clinical and laboratory tests and imaging studies.
Results. CSS developed in 70% of cases (n = 84) of carotid artery stenosis, and was significantly more common in men than women (71.4% vs. 28.6%, respectively) (p 0.05). The median age of all patients with CSS was 68 (4491) years. Mixed form of CSS was significantly more common than the cardioinhibitory or vasodepressor forms (p 0.05). In more than half of all cases, symptoms developed during balloon dilatation or within an hour afterwards. The duration of CSS was 3040 hours. Contralateral carotid occlusion was detected in 12 (10%) patients, significantly (p 0.05) more often in patients with CSS (13%) compared to patients without CSS (2.8%).
Conclusion. Regardless of stenosis severity or symptoms, CAS is accompanied by CSS in 2/3 of cases. The CSS is predominantly a mixed type and can be accompanied by loss of consciousness in rare cases. CSS appears both intraoperatively and in the early postoperative period, and its average duration is 1.5 days. A factor that may be associated with CSS development is contralateral carotid artery occlusion (p 0.05).
Analysing the reasons for rejection of neurosurgery intervention in patients with Parkinson’s disease referred to an extrapyramidal movement disorders clinic
Authors: Bril’ Ekaterina V. , Tomskiy Аleksey A. , Poddubskaya Anna A. , Gamaleya Anna A. , Fedorova Natalya V.
Published: October 2021

We present findings of a 10-year retrospective study, analysing the reasons for rejection of neurosurgical intervention (deep brain stimulation or DBS) in patients with Parkinsons disease, who were referred to an extrapyramidal movement disorders clinic and then to a neurosurgery centre. It was found that after screening, 78.6% of patients referred as candidates for neurosurgical treatment to an extrapyramidal movement disorders clinic were rejected, while 21.4% of patients were referred to a neurosurgery centre, where 12% underwent surgery. The main reasons for rejecting potential DBS candidates were: early referral, inadequate pharmacotherapy, levodopa-resistant symptoms, atypical/secondary Parkinsonism, cognitive reasons, psychological reasons, comorbidity, abnormal MRI, poor response to levodopa medication and declined surgery. Furthermore, the number of self-referrals decreased, the number of patients referred by neurologists increased, the number of rejections of unsuitable DBS candidates decreased, and the number of suitable candidates referred to the extrapyramidal centre increased during the time period of 10 years. In addition, the number of patients who were referred to the neurosurgery centre and underwent surgery there increased, which suggests greater awareness of the selection criteria among doctors, as well increased knowledge and experience among neurologists in both primary healthcare and specialized centres.
Cognitive motor dissociation in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness: a literature review
Authors: Belkin Vladimir A. , Ilina Kseniya A. , Ryabinkina Yulia V.
Published: October 2021

Chronic disorders of consciousness include several conditions that differ significantly in both clinical and neurophysiological features. As medical technology continues to develop, the differential diagnosis of disorders of consciousness extends beyond purely clinical work. Nevertheless, all types of consciousness disorders are united by varying degrees of dissociation between wakefulness, cognitive and motor activity. The external similarity and minimal differences in clinical symptoms in unresponsive patients may hide different morphofunctional variants of this condition. In particular, use of electroencephalography and functional magnetic re- sonance imaging techniques allows us to detect covert consciousness in some clinically unresponsive patients. Based on various estimates, this phenomenon occurs in 515% of all cases. A special instance of covert consciousness is cognitive motor dissociation (CMD), defined as activation of cortical motor centers, recorded using neurophysiological techniques, in response to a corresponding instruction to perform a movement without its visible performance. Some researchers believe that detection of CMD indicates a more favourable prognosis for the subsequent restoration of consciousness, rather than its absence. The aim of this review is to examine CMD and its potential significance for outcomes in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness.
Epilepsy in patients with MOG antibody disease
Authors: Avdeeva Varvara E. , Kotov Aleksey S.
Published: October 2021

Introduction. MOG (anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein) antibody disease is a group of demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system, in which antibodies attack the glycoproteins on the oligodendrocyte myelin membrane. The aim of the study was to evaluate the course of the disease in patients with MOG antibody disease with epilepsy.
Materials and methods. We examined 11 patients (5 men and 6 women) with MOG antibody disease aged from 2 months to 46 years. Three case studies were described when patients with MOG antibody disease had epileptic seizures.
Results and discussion. Epileptic seizures preceded the diagnosis of MOG antibody disease in the first patient. The disease presented as right-sided optic neuritis in the second patient. Seven years later, an epileptic seizure occurred after childbirth, when the BBB could have become permeable to circulating MOG antibodies. The disease presented with headache in the third patient. Right-sided optic neuritis and ataxia developed after an acute viral respiratory infection. Myelitis was diagnosed, and an epileptic seizure occurred one year later. The patient had a combination of CADASIL syndrome with MOG antibody disease.
Conclusion. Epileptic seizures are common in patients with MOG antibody disease. In addition to antiepileptic therapy, treatment of MOG antibody disease is crucial. This leads to good seizure control and a favourable prognosis.
Aportes a la reflexión metodológica del Trabajo Social con la infancia vulnerable desde la doctrina de protección integral: De la formación académica al ejercicio profesional en Chile
Authors: Rojas Lambertini Margarita , Suárez Manrique Pablo
Published: October 2021

La presente reflexión pretende entregar y aportar a la reflexión metodológica de aquellas personas, técnicos y profesionales que han optado por la defensa de los Derechos de los niños y niñas en los espacios científico-disciplinarios y técnico-profesionales, respetando y resguardando los principios de la dignidad infantil transversalmente en su quehacer, reconociéndoles en todo momento su integralidad de derechos en todos los espacios sociales como sujetos plenos. Este trabajo es fruto de la doble miradade los autores. Por una parte, las diversas asesorías metodológicas a profesionales y estudiantes que eligieron desarrollar investigaciones en y con la "infancia" en sus áreas críticas, donde el niño o niña fue considerado actor fundamental, y la otra, fruto de la vivencia profesional directa en los diversos programas gubernamentales que atiende a la infancia vulnerable y donde se han registrado cambios progresivos en áreas claves de la acción profesional en Chile.
La espiritualidad en el Trabajo Social: Estrategias para su avalúo
Authors: Morales Alejandro Lourdes I.
Published: October 2021

Este artículo pretende concienciar a profesionales del Trabajo Social sobre la importancia de la espiritualidad en la práctica profesional y ofrecerle algunas estrategias para su avalúo. Estas estrategias tienen que tener una perspectiva transcultural en respuesta al mandato ético de una práctica culturalmente competente en relación a la diversidad espiritual. El contenido del artículo se estructura en tres partes: (a) la definición de espiritualidad, (b) la influencia de las creencias y prácticas espirituales en la vida de las personas; y (c) el avalúo espiritual del participante. Los trabajadores y trabajadoras sociales necesitan ser sensibles y competentes culturalmente como requisito para la provisión de servicios justos, libres de prejuicios y de críticas. Precisa que estos(as) sean capaces de abordar la descripción de las creencias espirituales y religiosas, las prácticas y problemas de sus participantes al respecto, con el mismo entendimiento y competencia profesional que estos poseen en las otras áreas de la práctica profesional, aun cuando la visión de sus participantes difiera significativamente de la propia.
Implicaciones de la diversidad humana y familiar en la evaluación de custodia compartida
Authors: Soto Román Jelitza
Published: October 2021

La aprobación del Proyecto del Senado 63 a finales del año 2011 en Puerto Rico (Ley Protectora de los Derechos de los Menores en el Proceso deAdjudicación de Custodia) ha presentado toda una serie de retos para profesionales responsables en el proceso de evaluación, recomendación y adjudicación de custodia compartida. Reconociendo que la implantación de un proyecto de ley como el de custodia compartida representa, de manera muy particular, un reto para el/la profesional del Trabajo Social, resulta imperativa y necesaria una mirada reflexiva y de análisis crítico sobre el asunto. Es por tal razón que, en el siguiente trabajo se expone el análisis de la diversidad humana en términos de cultura, género, clase social, orientación sexual, religión, entre otras áreas, y sus implicaciones para el proceso de evaluación de custodia compartida. De igual forma, se abordan las múltiples complejidades que representan las diferencias de organización y estructura familiar en la evaluación de custodia compartida como una alternativa para el establecimiento de relaciones entre padres, madres y prole. Como profesionales de Trabajo Social, tenemos el compromiso de que nuestro desempeño y toma de decisiones refleje la ética y base valorativa de nuestra profesión. Más allá de una responsabilidad, es un deber y una obligación que nos impone la autoridad profesional que nos ha sido conferida social y legalmenteen el proceso de emitir recomendaciones para la toma de decisiones que afectarán las vidas de otras personas.