bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of Patient Experience With Guideline-Concordant Colon Cancer Treatment in the Elderly
Authors: Snyder Rebecca A. , Wardrop Rebecca , McLain Alexander C. , Parikh Alexander A. , Cass Anna L.
Published: February 2021

PURPOSE:

The association between patient-reported experience of care and care quality is not well described. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between the patient-reported experience and receipt of guideline-concordant colon cancer (CC) treatment.

METHODS:

Medicare beneficiaries with resected stage I-III CC (2003-2013) were identified in the linked SEER Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems data set. Patient-reported scores were compared by receipt of guideline concordant care (GCC) (resection of ≥ 12 lymph nodes [stage I-III] and adjuvant chemotherapy [stage III]). Linear mixed-effects regression was performed to compare adjusted mean patient experience scores by GCC.

RESULTS:

Of the 1,010 identified patients, 58.4% of stage I (n = 192/329) and 73.4% of stage II (n = 298/406) patients underwent resection of ≥ 12 LN. Among stage III patients, 76.0% (n = 209/275) underwent resection of ≥ 12 lymph node and 52.4% (n = 144/275) received adjuvant chemotherapy. By multivariable analysis, patient-reported scores of healthcare quality, physicians, physician communication, getting needed care, and getting care quickly were similar among patients who received GCC compared with those who did not. However, mean scores of overall healthcare quality (91.3 v 82.4, P = .0004) and getting needed care (92.8 v 86.8, P = .047) were higher among stage III patients who received GCC compared with those who did not.

CONCLUSION:

Patient-reported scores of healthcare quality and ability to get needed care are associated with GCC among elderly patients with stage III CC. Further investigation is needed to determine whether patient-reported experience correlates with other clinical measures of quality of CC care.
Οι επιδράσεις της ισοτιμίας στη συναισθηματική επικοινωνία των συντρόφων της ερωτικής σχέσης
Authors: Σ. Κορδούτης Παναγιώτης
Published: February 2021

The abstract is available in the PDF
The cerebellum and language functions
Authors: Andreou Georgia , Vlachos Filippos , Haftouras Nikolaos
Published: February 2021

THE ABSTRACT IS AVAILABLE IN THE PDF
Νευροψυχολογικά ελλείμματα οροθετικών στον HIV ασθενών σε διάφορα στάδια της λοίμωξης
Authors: Μεσσήνης Λάμπρος , Τσάκωνα Ιωάννα , Κόλλαρας Παναγιώτης , Μαλεφάκη Σόνια , Παπαθανασόπουλος Παναγιώτης
Published: February 2021

The abstract is available in the PDF
Effects of self-focused attention on recognizing previously presented self-relevant and irrelevant stimuli
Authors: Panayiotou Georgia , R. Vrana Scott
Published: February 2021

THE ABSTRACT IS AVAILABLE IN THE PDF
Ο ρόλος της αυτοαποτελεσματικότητας στη διαδικασία λήψης επαγγελματικών αποφάσεων: Ένα αναπτυξιακό-προληπτικό μοντέλο συμβουλευτικής παρέμβασης
Authors: Αργυροπούλου Αικατερίνη , Γ. Μπεζεβέγκης Ηλίας , Σιδηροπούλου-Δημακάκου Δέσποινα
Published: February 2021

The abstract is available in the PDF
Πρώιμη ανίχνευση της ειδικής αναπτυξιακής δυσλεξίας σε παιδιά με νευρολογικά νοσήματα
Authors: Τζούφη Μερόπη , Ζακοπούλου Βικτώρια , Βέρμπη Χάιδω , Νάκου Ηλιάδα , Μαυρέας Βενετσιάνος , Σιαμοπούλου-Μαυρίδου Αντιγόνη
Published: February 2021

The abstract is available in the PDF
Greek children's understanding of false beliefs: The role of language
Authors: Maridaki-Kassotaki Katerina
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT IS AVAILABLE IN THE PDF
Υιοθεσία και υποβοηθούμενη αναπαραγωγή με δότη
Authors: Παπαληγούρα Ζαΐρα
Published: February 2021

The abstract is available in the PDF
Χιούμορ: Μια αναπτυξιακή θεώρηση
Authors: Σεμιτέκογλου Μαριαλενα
Published: February 2021

The abstract is available in the PDF
Κατάθλιψη, άγχος, θυμός/ εχθρικότητα και σωματική υγεία, και οι πιθανοί ενδιάμεσοι μηχανισμοί
Authors: Χ. Καραδήμας Ευάγγελος
Published: February 2021

The abstract is available in the PDF
Assessing mathematics self-efficacy: Are skills-specific measures better than domain-specific mesures?
Authors: Pajares Frank , Barich John
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT IS AVAILABLE IN THE PDF
Ικανότητα χρήσης μορφολογικών στρατηγικών στην ορθογραφημένη γραφή από μαθητές της Α' τάξης του δημοτικού
Authors: Διακογιώργη Κλεοπάρτα , Μπαρής Θεόδωρος , Βαλμάς Θεοφάνης
Published: February 2021

The abstract is available in the PDF
Η εναλλαγή ιδιαίτερων/ εθνικών και οικουμενικών θεμάτων στη διαχείριση του διλήμματος εθνικισμός/ πατριωτισμός
Authors: Σαπουντζής Αντώνης
Published: February 2021

The abstract is available in the PDF
¿Cómo hacer factibles los derechos fundamentales de otras especies?
Authors: Sánchez Cárdenas Diego Alejandro
Published: February 2021

Una de las cuestiones que ha motivado mayor exclusión en la protección brindada por los derechos fundamentales es la obsesión por caracterizar al titular de derechos. Hasta la actualidad, existe un enfoque subjetivo de los derechos fundamentales, bajo el cual, las conductas jurídicamente trascendentes son aquellas que lesionan en sus bienes básicos a sujetos con cualidades específicas: “seres dignos”. Lo que lastimosamente excluye del mundo jurídico a seres distintos al ser humano.

Frente a esta situación, el presente trabajo propone una reordenación de las “funciones jurídicas” de los sistemas de derechos fundamentales. De esta manera, con el ánimo de incluir en el desarrollo jurídico a otras formas de vida, se postulará que la primera función de los sistemas jurídicos debe ser seleccionar como relevante - sin mayor discriminación - a toda aquella conducta que: i) sea debatida socialmente (bajo determinadas características) y; ii) esté relacionada con la supervivencia, el sufrimiento, la libertad y, en general, la satisfacción de las necesidades más elementales (en los términos que se expondrán).

Lo anterior, no supone que el sistema jurídico no deba realizar un análisis ontológico del sujeto, sino que el mismo, lejos de excluir a ciertos seres del mundo jurídico, se desempeñe - como una segunda función del sistema jurídico - con el objeto de determinar la regulación que se brindará a determinado comportamiento que es previamente aceptado como trascendente en la esfera jurídica, debido a su importancia social y sus características especiales.

Con lo anterior, se espera brindar un enfoque que haga factibles los derechos de los animales y del medio ambiente; así como sustentar teóricamente los esbozos que ya han reconocido a especies diferentes al ser humano como intereses jurídicos independientes.
Autoría en la jurisprudencia de la Corte Penal Internacional: Autoría en la jurisprudencia de la Corte Penal Internacional:
Authors: Fernández Catalina , Jiménez Laurence Andrea
Published: February 2021

Este trabajo examina y sistematiza la jurisprudencia de la Corte Penal Internacional en materia de autoría, según se encuentra prevista en el artículo 25.3(a) del Estatuto de Roma. El objetivo es determinar si los criterios y requisitos de esta forma de responsabilidad en sus cuatro variantes (autoría directa, coautoría, autoría mediata y coautoría mediata) se encuentran bien asentados en las decisiones de la Corte Penal Internacional o si, por el contrario, existen aún aspectos en que se identifican imprecisiones o diferencias de criterio al interior de la Corte, que requieren ser aclaradas en los años venideros.
Concepto restringido de la responsabilidad de mando en el marco jurídico transicional en Colombia ¿puerta giratoria hacia la intervención de la Corte Penal Internacional?
Authors: García Domínguez Isabel
Published: February 2021

El presente artículo versa sobre el tratamiento penal español de los delitos de odio. Estos han sufrido un aumento progresivo en los últimos años a causa del fenómeno globalizador, en especial en el contexto europeo. Con base en lo expuesto, se adoptó la dm 2008/913/JAI, del 28 de noviembre, cuya trasposición al Código Penal español (cpe) se produjo de forma satisfactoria. Sin embargo, la amplitud adoptada en la regulación de estos delitos es criticada por gran parte de la doctrina, sobre todo del artículo 510 del cpe. No obstante, la práctica jurisprudencial muestra una aplicación restrictiva del artículo mencionado, subsanando, en cierta medida, el punitivismo adoptado. De igual modo, se destaca la necesidad de incluir la motivación aporófoba en el contexto español. También, en la adopción de una perspectiva comparada, se expone el tratamiento penal de los delitos de odio en Alemania y el Reino Unido, así como la escasez de regulación en América Latina, donde se han centrado en el colectivo lgtb. Se podría afirmar que la legislación española es sólida en la penalización de los delitos, pero insuficiente, por lo que se considera ineludible una transformación en el abordaje penal de los delitos de odio a nivel global.
A Theory of Assurance: Balancing Costly Formal Control with Tone at the Top
Authors: Penno Mark
Published: February 2021

Informal tone at the top (TATT) is widely regarded as a fundamental ingredient of organizational control, yet because of its soft nature, the scholarship on TATT has not emphasized mathematical modeling. Observing that TATT refers to the example set by top management, I model TATT as, ceteris paribus, reflecting the expectation that the chief executive officer (CEO) will not divert organizational resources for personal benefit. The setting assumes that CEOs are randomly drawn from a labor pool containing candidates who either value career prospects (high type) or who do not value career prospects (low type). The fear of dismissal and a damaged career mean that high types tend to be less opportunistic than low types, who divert for personal gain. Contrary to the belief that trust and vulnerability go hand in hand, I identify conditions where TATT and optimal costly formal controls are complements. But I also show in the same setting that TATT and optimal formal controls can be substitutes. The results also explain why high levels of TATT may not be welcomed by the external auditor or certain stakeholders and explain ambiguous Sarbanes-Oxley reports.

This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting.
Rotation as Contagion Mitigation
Authors: Ely Jeffrey , Galeotti Andrea , Steiner Jakub
Published: February 2021

To prevent the spread of an infection, an organization obeys social distancing restrictions and thus limits the number of its members physically present on a given day. We study rotation schemes in which mutually exclusive groups are active on different days. The frequency of rotation affects risk over the duration of diffusion prior to the time the organization is able to react to the infection. If this reaction time is speedy, then such risk is undesirable because prevalence is initially convex in time. In this case, frequent rotation acts as insurance against exposure-time risk and is optimal. Infrequent rotation becomes optimal if the organization reacts slowly. Cross-mixing of the rotating subpopulations is detrimental because it increases contacts between sick and healthy individuals. However, the effect of mixing is small if the terminal prevalence is low in the absence of mixing.

This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy.
Liberal feminist values as reflected in Leo Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina
Authors: Fajarani Septian Tri
Published: February 2021

This research is entitled Liberal Feminist Values As Reflected In Leo Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina. This novel described a woman who broke her wedding because she wants to feel the love. Through Anna Karenina, she fought for her rights to express her opinion to her husband. The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics of the main character and feminist characteristics of the main character in the novel. Qualitative method is applied in this research. The main data source in this study is Leo Tolstoy's novel Anna Karenina and to complete the data source, this research also uses other books, reviews of novels, films and sources from the internet. The method of data analysis in this study is qualitative method. In this study, a feminist approach from Rosamarie Tong and "Liberal Feminists" from Betty Friedan are employed in this research. The researcher also analyzed the main characters by describing their characteristics using the theory from M.J. Murphy. Based on the analysis, the results of this study have produced several conclusions. First, character of Anna Karenina descriptions by people around her in some characterization there are beautiful, kind, loving, mysterious and negative thinking. Second, Anna Karenina struggle her opinion in public especially her husband. She wants to express and defending her opinion. However, seen from liberal feminism perspective the main character show direct resistence with maintains her opinion and ignore opinion from her husband.
The tropical pocket gopher (Geomys tropicalis) on the brink of extinction
Authors: Cervantes Fernando A.
Published: February 2021

La tuza tropical (Geomys tropicalis) es un roedor de hábitos fosoriales que habita únicamente una pequeña región de la zona costera del sur de Tamaulipas, México.  Es un mamífero con características morfológicas, genéticas y ecológicas únicas que lo hace una especie relevante.  Desafortunadamente, no se estudia ni monitorea y se desconoce su existencia en la región.  Actualmente el crecimiento de las prácticas de agricultura, urbanización e industrialización de las ciudades de Altamira y Tampico han fragmentado y reducido severamente su hábitat y se considera que su población disminuye continuamente; en consecuencia, se le clasifica como especie en alto riesgo de extinción.  Estimaciones previas sobre su distribución potencial indican la existencia de áreas aledañas a su distribución original con características abióticas apropiadas para su presencia en donde puede ser protegida.  Por lo tanto, es urgente que el público en general conozca esta situación y que pobladores, autoridades, académicos y organizaciones no gubernamentales unan esfuerzos para proponer y activar acciones para su conservación.
Myringotomy and insertion of grommets as day surgery: a case study
Authors: Daly Michelle , Howe Rachel
Published: February 2021

This evidence-based case study follows a child from a nursing assessment on the day of his elective surgery at a children's hospital for myringotomy and insertion of grommets under general anaesthesia through to his arrival at the operating room. Potential pre-operative problems are identified and two problems that arose are discussed in detail. The main care provider in this case was a student nurse referred to as ‘the nurse’, supported by a qualified nurse, referred to as the ‘registered nurse’, who performed some assessments.
The role of the registered nurse first assistant within the perioperative setting
Authors: Pika Roland , O'Brien Brid , Murphy Jill , Markey Kathleen , O'Donnell Claire
Published: February 2021

Perioperative setting registered nurse first assistants (RNFAs) are described as non-medical practitioners who perform surgical interventions during surgery. They provide medical care to perioperative patients under the supervision of a consultant surgeon. First assistants in surgery can be an expanded perioperative nursing role. A review of the literature illuminates the need for continuous learning in developing skills in becoming competent RNFA practitioners and how they utilise acquired skills to assist, mentor and teach their colleagues within the perioperative setting. The RNFA is an advanced and expanded practice role. RNFAs contribute significantly to the provision of care within all phases of perioperative care (preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative). There is little literature on the role of the RNFA due to its relatively recent emergence in the healthcare sector and the small number of countries where it is implemented.
COVID-19 research and non-vaccine treatment
Authors: Winter George
Published: February 2021

Geroge Winter discusses the recent research that has been carried out on COVID-19, why not all of it is up to standard and why it warrants further critique and development
Deprescribing in mental health: pragmatic steps for a better quality of life
Authors: Tomova Nana , Hale Ami , Kruschandl Michelle
Published: February 2021

Half of the UK population take at least one prescribed medicine, while a quarter take three or more. Polypharmacy has become increasingly common, with the average number of items prescribed per person per year in England having increased by 53.8% in the last decade. Patients are prescribed, and may continue taking, medicines that cause adverse effects and where the harm of the medicine outweighs the benefit. Adverse reactions to medicines are connected to 6.5% of hospital admissions. Patients admitted with one drug side effect are more than twice as likely to be admitted with another. Deprescribing is the optimisation of medication and is a vital part of improving outcomes, managing chronic conditions, and avoiding adverse effects. The goal of deprescribing is to lessen medication burden and enhance quality of life. This article presents case studies from clinical practice in a mental health service, and highlights the merits of specialist pharmacist-led interventions with respects to medication reviews and deprescribing.
Ensemble Method of Deep Learning, Color Segmentation, and Image Transformation to Track, Localize, and Count Cotton Bolls Using a Moving Camera in Real-Time
Authors: Fue Kadeghe G. , Porter Wesley M. , Barnes Edward M. , Rains Glen C.
Published: February 2021

Highlights

An ensemble method using color segmentation, deep learning, and image transformation was developed.

Experiments were conducted to compare the method with other state-of-the-art tracking algorithms.

The optimized ensemble method to track bolls achieved 94.4% accuracy using weakly trained tiny YOLOv2 models.

The method achieved 7.6 frames per second and outperformed five other tracking methods.

Abstract. In robotic applications, good perception can be computationally costly and create undesirable latency before a control decision is initiated. Most of the methods available for object detection deep learning are either fast with low accuracy or slow with high accuracy. Fast and accurate methods are necessary to track and localize objects such as cotton bolls that may be visible or occluded by each other or not well illuminated. In this study, an ensemble of a deep learning method and other image processing techniques was used to detect cotton bolls in-field on defoliated plants. In each image, a trained deep learning method, the YOLOv2 model, was used to detect open cotton bolls, and color segmentation was applied to confirm if the bolls detected by the YOLOv2 model were actually white to avoid false positives. Boll tracking was performed by following the spatial movement of good features on the edges of the bolls using the Lucas-Kanade algorithm. An image transformation algorithm was applied to the next image in case the previously detected boll was lost to retrieve the information of the missing boll. Each tracked and localized boll was stored and counted to give the total number of bolls detected. In this study, detection accuracy was sacrificed for image processing speed by using the YOLOv2 model. Detection accuracy was improved by using an ensemble method that combined image color segmentation, optical flow, and image transformation. This method was compared to eight other open-source methods implemented in OpenCV. The ensemble method detected and counted bolls at a speed of 7.6 fps with an accuracy of 94.4% using the Jetson TX2 embedded system to process 1K resolution images, outperforming the other OpenCV methods in various measurements. Keywords: Boll counting, Cotton, Cotton harvesting, DarkFlow, Darknet, Deep learning, Machine vision, YOLOv2.
Neural network-assisted routing strategy selection for optical datacenter networks
Authors: Hong Yuanyuan , Hong Xuezhi , Chen Jiajia
Published: February 2021

This paper proposes the neural network-assisted routing strategy selection for the optical datacenter networks. Results reveal the high accuracy of strategy selection within the range of interested traffic load, validating feasibility of the proposed scheme.
Silicon Optical Interposer for EPIC 2.5D Integration
Authors: Thor Lim Soon , Yu Li Hong , Chinq Jong Ming , Ching Eva Wai Leong , Ang Thomas Y. L , Rong Ong Jun , Kee Phua Wee , Gandhi Alagappan , Eng Png Ching , Guan Lim Teck
Published: February 2021

A Silicon Optical Interposer for 2.5D integration of high speed electrical and optical circuit is proposed here. The Si Interposer functions as a Base Substrate for optical alignment of the Photonic IC and the fibers which are held in a Si Fiber Block or integrate directly. The alignment is semi passive, it utilizes a set of U-grooves with submicron accuracy and Dummy Fiber’s cylindrical face for self-alignment. The Photonic IC and the Fiber Block are faced down assembled on the Si Interposer. Electrical connections are made using flip chip micro bumps between the Photonic IC and the Si Interposer.
Mid-fusion of road scene polarization images on pretrained RGB neural networks
Authors: Omer Khalid , Kupinski Meredith
Published: February 2021

This work presents a mid-fusion pipeline that can increase the detection performance of a convolutional neural network (RetinaNet) by including polarimetric images even though the network is trained on a large-scale database containing RGB and monochromatic images (Microsoft COCO). Here, the average precision (AP) for each object class quantifies performance. The goal of this work is to evaluate the usefulness of polarimetry for object detection and recognition of road scenes and determine the conditions that will increase AP. Shadows, reflections, albedo, and other object features that reduce RGB image contrast also decrease the AP. This work demonstrates specific cases for which the AP increases using linear Stokes and polarimetric flux images. Images are fused during the neural network evaluation pipeline, which is referred to as mid-fusion. Here, the AP of polarimetric mid-fusion is greater than the RGB AP in 54 out of 80 detection instances. The recall values for cars and buses are similar for RGB and polarimetry, but values increase from 36% to 38% when using polarimetry for detecting people. Videos of linear Stokes images for four different scenes are collected at three different times of the day for two driving directions. Despite this limited dataset and the use of a pretrained network, this work demonstrates selective enhancement of object detection through mid-fusion of polarimetry to neural networks trained on RGB images.
Modeling the irradiation pattern of LEDs at short distances
Authors: Moreno Ivan , Viveros-Méndez P. X.
Published: February 2021

A method for modeling the irradiance spatial distribution by
light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on near distance targets has been
developed. The model can easily handle the complex simulation of
non-homogenous emitting LEDs, multichip LEDs, LED arrays, and phosphor
coated LEDs. The LED irradiation profile is obtained by image
processing one photograph of the emitting LED, taken with a
smartphone. The method uses image convolution or image correlation
between the LED image and a special kernel. The model provides the
irradiation spatial pattern in function of the irradiation distance.
And the model is tested both with theory and with experimental
measurements.
Ultrafast Electron Cooling in an Expanding Ultracold Plasma
Authors: Kroker Tobias , Großmann Mario , Sengstock Klaus , Drescher Markus , Wessels-Staarmann Philipp , Simonet Juliette
Published: February 2021

We report on ultrafast cooling of electrons in an initially strongly coupled ultracold plasma, created by ionization of a Bose-Einstein condensate using a femtosecond laser pulse. Our experiment grants direct access to the electron temperature.
Towards high repetition rate ultra-intense lasers, latest developments at Amplitude Technologies
Authors: Falcoz Franck , Zabiolle Olivier , Branly Stephane , Vigroux Luc , Paul Pierre-Mary , Riboulet Gilles
Published: February 2021

We will present our latest results on ELI-ALPS 2 PW at 10Hz laser with 17 fs pulse duration and its pump laser who deliver 50 J at 10 Hz in one single beam.
Localization, epidemic transitions, and unpredictability of multistrain epidemics with an underlying genotype network
Authors: Williams Blake J. M. , St-Onge Guillaume , Hébert-Dufresne Laurent
Published: February 2021

Mathematical disease modelling has long operated under the assumption that any one infectious disease is caused by one transmissible pathogen spreading among a population. This paradigm has been useful in simplifying the biological reality of epidemics and has allowed the modelling community to focus on the complexity of other factors such as population structure and interventions. However, there is an increasing amount of evidence that the strain diversity of pathogens, and their interplay with the host immune system, can play a large role in shaping the dynamics of epidemics. Here, we introduce a disease model with an underlying genotype network to account for two important mechanisms. One, the disease can mutate along network pathways as it spreads in a host population. Two, the genotype network allows us to define a genetic distance between strains and therefore to model the transcendence of immunity often observed in real world pathogens. We study the emergence of epidemics in this model, through its epidemic phase transitions, and highlight the role of the genotype network in driving cyclicity of diseases, large scale fluctuations, sequential epidemic transitions, as well as localization around specific strains of the associated pathogen. More generally, our model illustrates the richness of behaviours that are possible even in well-mixed host populations once we consider strain diversity and go beyond the “one disease equals one pathogen” paradigm.
Predicting therapeutic drugs for hepatocellular carcinoma based on tissue-specific pathways
Authors: Yu Liang , Wang Meng , Yang Yang , Xu Fengdan , Zhang Xu , Xie Fei , Gao Lin , Li Xiangzhi
Published: February 2021

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant health problem worldwide with poor prognosis. Drug repositioning represents a profitable strategy to accelerate drug discovery in the treatment of HCC. In this study, we developed a new approach for predicting therapeutic drugs for HCC based on tissue-specific pathways and identified three newly predicted drugs that are likely to be therapeutic drugs for the treatment of HCC. We validated these predicted drugs by analyzing their overlapping drug indications reported in PubMed literature. By using the cancer cell line data in the database, we constructed a Connectivity Map (CMap) profile similarity analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis on their related genes. By experimental validation, we found securinine and ajmaline significantly inhibited cell viability of HCC cells and induced apoptosis. Among them, securinine has lower toxicity to normal liver cell line, which is worthy of further research. Our results suggested that the proposed approach was effective and accurate for discovering novel therapeutic options for HCC. This method also could be used to indicate unmarked drug-disease associations in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database. Meanwhile, our method could also be applied to predict the potential drugs for other types of tumors by changing the database.
Vestigial mediates the effect of insulin signaling pathway on wing-morph switching in planthoppers
Authors: Zhang Jin-Li , Fu Sheng-Jie , Chen Sun-Jie , Chen Hao-Hao , Liu Yi-Lai , Liu Xin-Yang , Xu Hai-Jun
Published: February 2021

Wing polymorphism is an evolutionary feature found in a wide variety of insects, which offers a model system for studying the evolutionary significance of dispersal. In the wing-dimorphic planthopperNilaparvata lugens, the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) pathway acts as a ‘master signal’ that directs the development of either long-winged (LW) or short-winged (SW) morphs via regulation of the activity of Forkhead transcription factor subgroup O (NlFoxO). However, downstream effectors of the IIS–FoxO signaling cascade that mediate alternative wing morphs are unclear. Here we found thatvestigial(Nlvg), a key wing-patterning gene, is selectively and temporally regulated by the IIS–FoxO signaling cascade during the wing-morph decision stage (fifth-instar stage). RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated silencing ofNlfoxoincreaseNlvgexpression in the fifth-instar stage (the last nymphal stage), thereby inducing LW development. Conversely, silencing ofNlvgcan antagonize the effects of IIS activity on LW development, redirecting wing commitment from LW to the morph with intermediate wing size. In vitro and in vivo binding assays indicated thatNlFoxO protein may suppressNlvgexpression by directly binding to the first intron region of theNlvglocus. Our findings provide a first glimpse of the link connecting the IIS pathway to the wing-patterning network on the developmental plasticity of wings in insects, and help us understanding how phenotypic diversity is generated by the modification of a common set of pattern elements.
Diversity, distribution and natural Leishmania infection of sand flies from communities along the Interoceanic Highway in the Southeastern Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Valdivia Hugo O. , Zorrilla Victor O. , Espada Liz. J. , Perez Jocelyn G. , Razuri Hugo R. , Vera Hubert , Fernandez Roberto , Tong Carlos , Ghersi Bruno M. , Vasquez Gissella M. , Burrus Roxanne G. , Lescano Andres G. , Montgomery Joel M.
Published: February 2021

The Peruvian-Brazilian border is a highly endemic tegumentary leishmaniasis region in South America. The interoceanic highway is a commercial route that connects Peru and Brazil through Madre de Dios and has raised concerns about its impact on previously undisturbed areas. In order to assess leishmaniasis transmission risk along this highway, we conducted a surveillance study of the sand fly populations in this area. Sand flies were collected between 2009 and 2010 along transects at 200 m, 600 m and 1000 m from six study sites located along the highway (Iberia, La Novia, Alto Libertad, El Carmen, Florida Baja, Mazuko and Mavila) and an undisturbed area (Malinowski). Collected specimens were identified based on morphology and non-engorged females of each species were pooled and screened by kinetoplast PCR to detect naturalLeishmaniainfections. A total of 9,023 specimens were collected belonging to 54 differentLutzomyiaspecies including the first report ofLu.gantieriin Peru. Four species accounted for 50% of all specimens (Lutzomyia carrerai carrerai,Lu.davisi,Lu.shawiandLu.richardwardi). El Carmen, Alto Libertad, Florida Baja and Malinowski presented higher Shannon diversity indexes (H = 2.36, 2.30, 2.17 and 2.13, respectively) than the most human disturbed sites of Mazuko and La Novia (H = 1.53 and 1.06, respectively). PCR detected 10 positive pools belonging toLu.carrerai carrerai,Lu.yuilli yuilli,Lu.hirsuta hirsuta,Lu.(Trichophoromyia)spp., andLu.(Lutzomyia)spp. Positive pools from 1,000 m transects had higher infectivity rates than those from 600 m and 200 m transects (9/169 = 5.3% vs 0/79 = 0% and 1/127 = 0.8%, p = 0.018). El Carmen, accounted for eight out of ten positives whereas one positive was collected in Florida Baja and Mazuko each. Our study has shown differences in sand fly diversity, abundance and species composition across and within sites. Multiple clusteredLutzomyiapools with naturalLeishmaniainfection suggest a complex, diverse and spotty role in leishmaniasis transmission in Madre de Dios, with increased risk farther from the highway.
Does self-construal shape automatic social attention?
Authors: Lo Ronda F. , Ng Andy H. , Cohen Adam S. , Sasaki Joni Y.
Published: February 2021

We examined whether activating independent or interdependent self-construal modulates attention shifting in response to group gaze cues. European Canadians (Study 1) and East Asian Canadians (Study 2) primed with independence vs. interdependence completed a multi-gaze cueing task with a central face gazing left or right, flanked by multiple background faces that either matched or mismatched the direction of the foreground gaze. Results showed that European Canadians (Study 1) mostly ignored background gaze cues and were uninfluenced by the self-construal primes. However, East Asian Canadians (Study 2), who have cultural backgrounds relevant to both independence and interdependence, showed different attention patterns by prime: those primed with interdependence were more distracted by mismatched (vs. matched) background gaze cues, whereas there was no change for those primed with independence. These findings suggest activating an interdependent self-construal modulates social attention mechanisms to attend broadly, but only for those who may find these representations meaningful.
Cognitive-behavioral correlates of pupil control ideology
Authors: Samfira Elena Mirela , Sava Florin Alin
Published: February 2021

Teacher’s pupil control ideology is a central feature for the quality of the teacher-student relationship, which, in turn, impacts the teacher’s level of well-being. The pupil control ideology refers to a teacher’s belief system along a continuum from humanistic to custodial views. Teachers with humanistic orientation view students as responsible and, therefore, they exert a lower degree of control to manage students’ classroom behaviors. Teachers with a custodial orientation view students as untrustworthy and, therefore, they exert a higher degree of control to manage students’ classroom behaviors. The relationship between pupil control ideology and dysfunctional beliefs originated from the cognitive-behavioral therapy framework has not been investigated, despite existing evidence suggesting that the pupil control ideology is linked to stress and burnout. One hundred fifty-five teachers completed a set of self-report questionnaires measuring: (i) teacher’s pupil-control ideology; (ii) perfectionistic and hostile automatic thoughts; (iii) irrational beliefs; (iv) unconditional self-acceptance; (v) early maladaptive schemas; and (vi) dimensions of perfectionism. The result suggests that teachers who adopt a custodial view on pupil control ideology endorse more dysfunctional beliefs than teachers who adopt a humanistic view. They tend to present a higher level of perfectionism, unrelenting standards, and problematic relational beliefs, including schemas of mistrust and entitlement. They also present more often other-directed demands and derogation of other thoughts. Such results picture a dysfunctional view on pupils who misbehave, as adversaries who threaten their rigid and/or perfectionistic expectations.
TAM mediates adaptation of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae to antimicrobial stress during host colonization and infection
Authors: Jung Hea-Jin , Sorbara Matthew T. , Pamer Eric G.
Published: February 2021

Gram-negative pathogens, such asKlebsiella pneumoniae, remodel their outer membrane (OM) in response to stress to maintain its integrity as an effective barrier and thus to promote their survival in the host. The emergence of carbapenem-resistantK.pneumoniae(CR-Kp) strains that are resistant tovirtuallyall antibiotics is an increasing clinical problem and OM impermeability has limited development of antimicrobial agents because higher molecular weight antibiotics cannot access sites of activity. Here, we demonstrate that TAM (translocation and assembly module) deletion increases CR-KpOM permeability under stress conditions and enhances sensitivity to high-molecular weight antimicrobials. SILAC-based proteomic analyses revealed mis-localization of membrane proteins in the TAM deficient strain. Stress-induced sensitization enhances clearance of TAM-deficient CR-Kpfrom the gut lumen following fecal microbiota transplantation and from infection sites following pulmonary or systemic infection. Our study suggests that TAM, as a regulator of OM permeability, represents a potential target for development of agents that enhance the effectiveness of existing antibiotics.
Right hand up, left hand down: The New Satanists of rock n’ roll, evil and the underground war on the abject
Authors: Thomson Andrew
Published: February 2021

Satan has long served as the ultimate evil, the world’s primary scapegoat. The Devil’s role in music, especially extreme music and heavy metal, has been to shock, terrify and enrage. But what if the imagery and ideology of Satan is used to combat an immoral societal evil? Is it then possible that the radical evil could itself become a force for good? This article intends to examine the music and philosophy of three modern bands, dubbed The New Satanists: Ghost, Twin Temple and Zeal & Ardor. Each band uses varying degrees of satanic influence to raise awareness of their perceived objectionable and abject issues in society: a harsh and unjust patriarchy, the Christian conversions and role of religion during the era of American slavery and suppression of individuality from the Catholic Church. Through the examination of these bands, social issues and Jean Baudrillard’s concept of symbolic evil, this article will examine theories of traditional evil potentially becoming a force for good when it combats the moral sickness existent in society. An alternate perspective – that of Satan as a liberator – could serve as a cure for a gamut of ills.
Appropriating the extreme: Interculturality and the decolonization of the image in extreme metal in México and Colombia
Authors: González Hernández José Omar
Published: February 2021

In this short article, I engage in a musical iconographic analysis of album covers from extreme metal bands, specifically those belonging to the subgenres of death metal and grindcore, in both México and Colombia. Both countries have gone through socio-historical processes marked by violence, which, by extension, have resulted in the popularization of consumer media products based on said violence (e.g. war against drug traffickers). My analysis rests on a transhistorical outline of the constant forms of domination that both countries have suffered since the conquest of the American continent and the ways in which Latin American extreme metal represents these experiences through the artwork of their albums, thus engaging in a process of decolonization of the imaginary through the reappropriation of imagery traditionally used in extreme metal.
Building communitas through symbolic performances: Mexican metal and the case of Cemican
Authors: Pelayo Marisol Pérez
Published: February 2021

The Latin American metal collective represents a big portion of the metal artists and fandom in the American continent. México has a powerful metal scene and an equally strong devotee population. There is one particular band that represents a collective voice capable of depicting the nation in the present moment. Cemican is a band that fits into the genre called Aztec folk metal. Their albums have shown an affinity for Aztec and Mayan mythology, and their sound is a flux between the sordid loudness of thrash and death metal riffs and the vibrations of pre-Hispanic instruments. Their performances present re-enactments of rituals reminiscent of the capture of enemy warriors and the heart extractions performed on these. Local audiences get drawn in by the sound of metal but also by the recognition of themselves through the Mexican elements. Mexican audiences reach a certain level of community at the moment of witnessing their performance; this sense of community extends to aspects including feelings of exploration and belonging. Today, México stands as a fertile land for metal music, where elements from two colliding cultures and belief systems can be integrated, and the resulting artefact achieves an indomitable sound. Traditions like the Día de los Muertos (or ‘Day of the Dead’) and its closeness to the idea of death as comical, as well as the merging of polytheism and Christianity have given metal music in México its own communal identity. The search for authenticity in identity is also a fact that is present in Mexican metal music through symbolic practices and representations. The paradigm and dynamic change as the conglomeration of European-influenced sounds clash with the religious syncretism of the actual Mexican people.
Heavy metal as a profession?: The Mexican heavy metal scene and its effects as an informal and non-formal learning space
Authors: Epp André
Published: February 2021

Through the far-reaching social change experienced in modern society, spaces and places of learning increasingly transform. Schools, training companies and universities remain important, albeit formal, educational institutions; however, informal and non-formal learning spaces increasingly gain attention when it comes to the acquisition of work-related knowledge and competences. Even though in recent years, youth and music cultures have focused more on learning in general and knowledge in particular, research about the educational potential of heavy metal has remained a blind spot, seldom garnering any attention. Therefore, the article illustrates, from a biographical perspective, what influence the Mexican heavy metal scene has had on the acquisition of work-related competences and how these settings can be considered spaces and places of informal and non-formal learning. The underlying educational possibilities as well as different modalities of learning are illustrated. To record the biographies of participants from the Mexican heavy metal scene, autobiographical interviews were conducted. These autobiographical-narrative interviews allowed for the analyses of certain individual cases as well as the underlying societal structures and patterns. The results are illustrated with the help of a case study. Ultimately, the study showcases the biographical development of an individual’s life and the ways in which the spaces and places connected to heavy metal in this individual’s life offered key educational moments. Thus, the educational potential of the Mexican heavy metal scene for the acquisition of work-related knowledge is determined.
Metal Music and the Re-imagining of Masculinity, Place, Race and Nation, Karl Spracklen (2020)
Authors: Coggins Owen
Published: February 2021

Review of: Metal Music and the Re-imagining of Masculinity, Place, Race and Nation, Karl Spracklen (2020)

Bradford: Emerald Publishing, 272 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-83867-444-1, h/bk, £70.00
Reflecting on Emotions During Teaching: Developing Affective-Reflective Skills in Novice Teachers Using a Novel Critical Moment Protocol
Authors:   Southern Cross University, Bleakley James , Woolcott Geoff ,   Southern Cross University, Yeigh Tony ,   Southern Cross University, Whannell Robert ,   University of New England
Published: February 2021

Affective-reflective skills are an integral component of classroom pedagogy, providing teachers with emotional understandings and confidence that can improve overall classroom performance. This article presents a case study of early career primary school teachers, showing how such affective-reflective skills can be developed through iterations of a purpose-designed collaborative protocol. Use of this novel protocol allowed teachers to examine their classroom practices via critical moment analysis of affective responses observed from lesson videos. Findings demonstrate how teachers’ use of this non-judgmental and self-evaluative protocol contributed to an emerging understanding of the relationship between their affective-reflective skills and teaching confidence. Findings support an argument for reframing teacher professional learning, from a focus largely on curriculum content and pedagogy, to a focus that includes the teacher’s emotional experience and its subsequent analysis, as part of the learned content that supports the growth of teacher confidence.
Pengaruh Kesiapan Belajar Terhadap Keaktifan Peserta Didik dalam Proses Pembelajaran AUD
Authors: Putri Pangestu Dian , Rohinah Rohinah
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya kesiapan belajar serta keaktifan peserta didik dalam proses pembelajaran di TK PGRI Nogosari Yogyakarta dan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh kesiapan belajar terhadap keaktifan peserta didik dalam proses pembelajaran di TK PGRI Nogosari Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi pemikir untuk memberikan sumbangan pemikiran bagi pengelola pendidikan dan sebagai bahan masukan serta evaluasi pembelajaran khususnya di TK PGRI Nogosari Yogyakarta untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa besarnya kesiapan belajar peserta didik dalam proses pembelajaran di TK PGRI Nogosari Yogyakarta adalah 55.882% dalam kategori Baik dan 44.118% dalam kategori Kurang, sedangkan besarnya keaktifan peserta didik dalam proses pembelajaran di TK PGRI Nogosari Yogyakarta adalah 58.824% dalam kategori Aktif dan 41.176% dalam kategori Kurang. Berdasarkan tabel interpretasi nilai r, nilai r hitung sebesar 0.735 berada pada interval 0.70 – 0.90 sehingga dapat disimpulkan ada hubungan yang kuat antara kesiapan belajar terhadap keaktifan peserta  didik di TK PGRI Nogosari Yogyakarta. Sedangkan dari hasil analisis regresi linier sederhana dapat diketahui besarnya nilai R square yaitu 0.541, hal ini mengandung pengertian bahwa pengaruh kesiapan belajar terhadap keaktifan peserta didik dalam proses pembelajaran di TK PGRI Nogosari Yogyakarta adalah 54.1% (0.541 x 100%).
Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Sentra Bermain Peran untuk Menanamkan Nilai Moral Anak
Authors: Febriana Erma , 'Aziz Hafidh
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses penerapan model pembelajaran sentra bermain peran sebagai salah satu upaya dalam menanamkan nilai moral anak, mengetahui hasil dari penerapan model pembelajaran sentra bermain peran dalam menanamkan nilai moral anak dan mengetahui faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam implementasi model pembelajaran sentra bermain peran untuk menanamkan nilai moral anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif didasarkan atas pertimbangan bahwa dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan moral melibatkan berbagai aspek yang harus digali secara mendalam dan komperehensif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas B2 (usia 5-7 tahun) di RA Tiara Chandra Yogyakarta. Hasil penelitian ini adalah penerapan model pembelajaran sentra bermain peran kelas B2 RA Tiara Chandra Yogyakarta telah berhasil dalam menanamkan nilai moral anak. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari tercapainya indikator yang ditetapkan oleh RA Tiara Chandra berdasarkan standar tingkat pencapaian anak mengacu pada kurikulum 2013. Faktor pendukung dalam implementasi model pembelajaran sentra bermain peran untuk menanamkan nilai moral anak: latar belakang pendidikan keluarga peserta didik yang baik, metode atau program yang tepat, pendidik yang telah dibekali LVEP dan menerapkannya secara konsisten, fasilitas yang disediakan oleh sekolah. Faktor penghambat dalam implementasi model pembelajaran sentra bermain peran untuk menanamkan nilai moral anak adalah : latar belakang pendidikan keluarga peserta didik yang kurang baik, ruang sentra yang kurang kondusif, kompetensi pendidik.