bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Elevated resting heart rate is associated with increased radiographic severity of knee but not hand joints
Authors: Choi Sung-Eun , Xu Haimuzi , Kang Ji-Hyoun , Park Dong-Jin , Kweon Sun-Seog , Lee Young-Hoon , Kim Hye-Yeon , Lee Jung-Kil , Shin Min-Ho , Lee Shin-Seok
Published: December 2021

Although the resting heart rate (RHR) predicts the clinical outcomes of cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive lung disease, diabetes mellitus, and the risk of cancer, its role in patients with musculoskeletal diseases, such as osteoarthritis (OA), remains unclear. We explored the association of the RHR with the extents of radiographic changes in the knees and hands of 2369 subjects from the Dong-gu Study. The radiographic hand and knee joint findings were graded semi-quantitatively; we calculated total hand and knee joint scores. Multiple linear regression was performed to examine the associations between the RHR and the radiographic characteristics of these joints. For the knee joints, the RHR was associated positively with the total (p < 0.01), osteophyte (p < 0.01), joint space narrowing (JSN; p < 0.01), and tibial attrition (p = 0.02) scores after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, educational and physical activity levels, and comorbidities. For the hand joints, the RHR was associated positively with the JSN (p = 0.01) and subchondral cyst (p < 0.01) scores after such adjustment. The RHR was not associated with the total, osteophyte, sclerosis, erosion, or malalignment score for the hand joints. This study is the first to reveal an association between the RHR and the radiographic severity of knee, but not hand, OA.
Centrosome dysfunction associated with somatic expression of the synaptonemal complex protein TEX12
Authors: Sandhu Sumit , Sou Ieng F. , Hunter Jill E. , Salmon Lucy , Wilson Caroline L. , Perkins Neil D. , Hunter Neil , Davies Owen R. , McClurg Urszula L.
Published: December 2021

The synaptonemal complex (SC) is a supramolecular protein scaffold that mediates chromosome synapsis and facilitates crossing over during meiosis. In mammals, SC proteins are generally assumed to have no other function. Here, we show that SC protein TEX12 also localises to centrosomes during meiosis independently of chromosome synapsis. In somatic cells, ectopically expressed TEX12 similarly localises to centrosomes, where it is associated with centrosome amplification, a pathology correlated with cancer development. Indeed, TEX12 is identified as a cancer-testis antigen and proliferation of some cancer cells is TEX12-dependent. Moreover, somatic expression of TEX12 is aberrantly activated via retinoic acid signalling, which is commonly disregulated in cancer. Structure-function analysis reveals that phosphorylation of TEX12 on tyrosine 48 is important for centrosome amplification but not for recruitment of TEX12 to centrosomes. We conclude that TEX12 normally localises to meiotic centrosomes, but its misexpression in somatic cells can contribute to pathological amplification and dysfunction of centrosomes in cancers.
Huntingtin structure is orchestrated by HAP40 and shows a polyglutamine expansion-specific interaction with exon 1
Authors: Harding Rachel J. , Deme Justin C. , Hevler Johannes F. , Tamara Sem , Lemak Alexander , Cantle Jeffrey P. , Szewczyk Magdalena M. , Begeja Nola , Goss Siobhan , Zuo Xiaobing , Loppnau Peter , Seitova Alma , Hutchinson Ashley , Fan Lixin , Truant Ray , Schapira Matthieu , Carroll Jeffrey B. , Heck Albert J. R. , Lea Susan M. , Arrowsmith Cheryl H.
Published: December 2021

Huntington’s disease results from expansion of a glutamine-coding CAG tract in the huntingtin (HTT) gene, producing an aberrantly functioning form of HTT. Both wildtype and disease-state HTT form a hetero-dimer with HAP40 of unknown functional relevance. We demonstrate in vivo and in cell models that HTT and HAP40 cellular abundance are coupled. Integrating data from a 2.6 Å cryo-electron microscopy structure, cross-linking mass spectrometry, small-angle X-ray scattering, and modeling, we provide a near-atomic-level view of HTT, its molecular interaction surfaces and compacted domain architecture, orchestrated by HAP40. Native mass spectrometry reveals a remarkably stable hetero-dimer, potentially explaining the cellular inter-dependence of HTT and HAP40. The exon 1 region of HTT is dynamic but shows greater conformational variety in the polyglutamine expanded mutant than wildtype exon 1. Our data provide a foundation for future functional and drug discovery studies targeting Huntington’s disease and illuminate the structural consequences of HTT polyglutamine expansion.
Structural organization of erythrocyte membrane microdomains and their relation with malaria susceptibility
Authors: Olivieri Anna , Lee Rebecca S. , Fratini Federica , Keutcha Cyrianne , Chaand Mudit , Mangano Valentina , Celani Francesco , Mochi Stefania , Birago Cecilia , Paone Silvio , Grasso Felicia , Tirelli Valentina , Falchi Mario , Shabani Estela , Bertoncini Stefania , Sirima Bienvenu Sodiomon , Pizzi Elisabetta , Modiano David , Duraisingh Manoj T. , Ponzi Marta
Published: December 2021

Cholesterol-rich microdomains are membrane compartments characterized by specific lipid and protein composition. These dynamic assemblies are involved in several biological processes, including infection by intracellular pathogens. This work provides a comprehensive analysis of the composition of human erythrocyte membrane microdomains. Based on their floating properties, we also categorized the microdomain-associated proteins into clusters. Interestingly, erythrocyte microdomains include the vast majority of the proteins known to be involved in invasion by the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. We show here that the Ecto-ADP-ribosyltransferase 4 (ART4) and Aquaporin 1 (AQP1), found within one specific cluster, containing the essential host determinant CD55, are recruited to the site of parasite entry and then internalized to the newly formed parasitophorous vacuole membrane. By generating null erythroid cell lines, we showed that one of these proteins, ART4, plays a role in P. falciparum invasion. We also found that genetic variants in both ART4 and AQP1 are associated with susceptibility to the disease in a malaria-endemic population.
High stability and metabolic capacity of bacterial community promote the rapid reduction of easily decomposing carbon in soil
Authors: Huang Ruilin , Crowther Thomas W. , Sui Yueyu , Sun Bo , Liang Yuting
Published: December 2021

Irreversible climate change alters the decomposition and sequestration of soil carbon (C). However, the stability of C components in soils with different initial organic matter contents and its relationship with the response of major decomposers to climate warming are still unclear. In this study, we translocated Mollisols with a gradient of organic matter (OM) contents (2%–9%) from in situ cold region to five warmer climatic regions to simulate climate change. Soil C in C-rich soils (OM >5%) was more vulnerable to translocation warming than that in C-poor soils (OM ≤ 5%), with a major loss of functional groups like O-alkyl, O-aryl C and carboxyl C. Variations of microbial β diversity with latitude, temperature and precipitation indicated that C-rich soils contained more resistant bacterial communities and more sensitive fungal communities than C-poor soils, which led to strong C metabolism and high utilization ability of the community in C-rich soils in response to translocation warming. Our results suggest that the higher sensitivity of soils with high organic matter content to climate change is related to the stability and metabolic capacity of major bacterial decomposers, which is important for predicting soil-climate feedback.
A COVID-19 vaccine candidate composed of the SARS-CoV-2 RBD dimer and Neisseria meningitidis outer membrane vesicles
Authors: Santana-Mederos Darielys , Perez-Nicado Rocmira , Climent Yanet , Rodriguez Laura , Ramirez Belinda Sanchez , Perez-Rodriguez Sonia , Rodriguez Meybi , Labrada Claudia , Hernandez Tays , Diaz Marianniz , Orosa Ivette , Ramirez Ubel , Oliva Reynaldo , Garrido Raine , Cardoso Felix , Landys Mario , Martinez Roselyn , Gonzalez Humberto , Hernandez Tamara , Ochoa-Azze Rolando , Perez Jose L. , Enriquez Juliet , Gonzalez Nibaldo , Infante Yenicet , Espinosa Luis A. , Ramos Yassel , González Luis Javier , Valenzuela Carmen , Casadesus Ana Victoria , Fernandez Briandy , Rojas Gertrudis , Pérez-Massón Beatriz , Tundidor Yaima , Bermudez Ernesto , Plasencia Claudia A. , Boggiano Tammy , Ojito Eduardo , Chiodo Fabrizio , Fernandez Sonsire , Paquet Françoise , Fang Cheng , Chen Guang-Wu , Rivera Daniel G. , Valdes-Balbin Yury , Garcia-Rivera Dagmar , Verez Bencomo Vicente
Published: December 2021

Soberana01 is composed of the SARS-CoV-2 dimeric RBD and Neisseria meningitidis outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) adsorbed on alum. This vaccine induces a potent neutralizing immune response and shows potential against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern.
Designing two-dimensional dodecagonal boron nitride
Authors: Suzuki Hajime , Miyazato Itsuki , Hussain Tanveer , Ersan Fatih , Maeda Satoshi , Takahashi Keisuke
Published: December 2021

Two dimensional dodecagonal boron nitride.
Construction of a pillararene-based supramolecular polymer network and its application in efficient removal of dyes from water
Authors: Lv Xiaoqing , Xia Danyu , Cheng Yujie , Chao Jianbin , Wei Xuehong , Wang Pi
Published: December 2021

A new supramolecular polymer network based on pillararene was constructed and its application in efficient removal of dyes from water was studied.
Speech-generated aerosol settling times and viral viability can improve COVID-19 transmission prediction
Authors: Gu Alan Y. , Zhu Yanzhe , Li Jing , Hoffmann Michael R.
Published: December 2021

Speech generates droplets averaged 6 μm in size. Their settling time and SARS-CoV-2 viral viability inside those droplets, both calculated from temperature and relative humidity, predict COVID transmission rates within one-sigma interval.
Polylactic acid 3D interconnected nanonetworks as high reflectance distributed Bragg reflectors
Authors: Resende Pedro M. , Martín-González Marisol
Published: December 2021

A flexible 3D polymer network that behaves as Bragg reflector able to produce structural coloration with 95% reflectance lightly due to the low crystallinity of PLA (a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer).
Templated synthesis enhances the cobalt adsorption capacity of a porous organic polymer
Authors: Rollins Devin S. , Easterling Charles P. , Zeppuhar Andrea N. , Krawchuck Jacob A. , Dreier Timothy A. , Watt John , Huber Dale L. , Taylor Mercedes K.
Published: December 2021

A templated synthetic approach to porous organic polymers, in which branched, rigid monomers are pre-assembled around a target ion before polymerization, can significantly enhance the ion adsorption capacity of the resulting polymer.
Hybrid copolymerization of acrylate and thiirane monomers mediated by trithiocarbonate
Authors: Li Jia-Wei , Chen Miao , Zhang Ze , Pan Cai-Yuan , Zhang Wen-Jian , Hong Chun-Yan
Published: December 2021

The composition and structure of polymers have great influence on their performances.
Efficient collection of perrhenate anions from water using poly(pyridinium salts) via pyrylium mediated transformation
Authors: Li Xiaorui , Chai Liyuan , Ren Junyu , Jin Linfeng , Wang Haiying , Li Yiming , Ma Shengqian
Published: December 2021

Poly(pyridinium salts) composed of cationic pyridinium groups with benzene-rich motifs demonstrated high efficiency and selectivity in the capture of ReO4− from SO42− containing water.
A novel class of rigid-rod perylene diimides and isoindigo semiconducting polymers
Authors: Yu Yaping , Zhu Danlei , Zhu Xiuyuan , Ravva Mahesh Kumar , Duan Jiayao , Jiang Lang , Li Zhengke , Yue Wan
Published: December 2021

Three novel rigid-rod semiconducting polymers containing fused electron-deficient PDI and IID units have been synthesized through aldol polymerization. Their unique opto-electronic properties have been investigated systematically.
Controlled copolymerization of α-NCAs and α-NNTAs for preparing peptide/peptoid hybrid polymers with adjustable proteolysis
Authors: Zou Jingcheng , Zhou Min , Ji Zhemin , Xiao Ximian , Wu Yueming , Cui Ruxin , Deng Shuai , Liu Runhui
Published: December 2021

The living and controlled copolymerization of α-NCAs and α-NNTAs enables the facile synthesis of peptide/peptoid hybrid polymers with an alternating-like distribution of residues and adjustable proteolysis by varying the proportion of peptoid residues.
Development of cellulose-based polymeric structures using dual functional ionic liquids
Authors: Galamba Joana , Alves Vítor D. , Jordão Noémi , Neves Luísa A.
Published: December 2021

Carboxylate ionic liquids combining benzethonium and didecyldimethylammonium as cations have been explored to be used for the first time as dual functional solvents for microcrystalline cellulose dissolution and, subsequently development of polymeric structures.
Theoretical and experimental studies on uranium(vi) adsorption using phosphine oxide-coated magnetic nanoadsorbent
Authors: Akl Zeinab F.
Published: December 2021

A Fe3O4@Cyanex-923 nanoadsorbent was prepared and applied as an efficient candidate for uranium(vi) removal from aqueous solutions.
Thermophysical properties of lithium thiogallate that are important for optical applications
Authors: Kurus Alexey , Yelisseyev Alexander , Lobanov Sergei , Plyusnin Pavel , Molokeev Maxim , Solovyev Leonid , Samoshkin Dmitry , Stankus Sergei , Melnikova Svetlana , Isaenko Lyudmila
Published: December 2021

LiGaS2 crystals are grown, and the high thermal conductivity is established. Analysis of temperature dependences of various properties reveals side phases, and isotropic points in birefringence, photo-, thermo-, and pyroluminescence.
Tuning the charge transfer and optoelectronic properties of tetrathiafulvalene based organic dye-sensitized solar cells: a theoretical approach
Authors: Bora Smiti Rani , Kalita Dhruba Jyoti
Published: December 2021

Here, we have designed a series of dyes following the donor–π–acceptor (D–π–A) architecture by incorporating TTF as the donor unit and PTZ, DPP and QNX as the acceptor units, along with the thiophene unit as a π-bridge.
Cobalt-modified palladium nanocatalyst on nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide for direct hydrazine fuel cell
Authors: Hosseini Mir Ghasem , Daneshvari-Esfahlan Vahid , Wolf Sigrid , Hacker Viktor
Published: December 2021

The superior catalytic activity and stability of a novel anodic PdCo NPs/NrGO NSs for HzOR are confirmed by half and signal cell investigations.
Development of the Water Instrument: a comprehensive measure of students’ knowledge of fundamental concepts in general chemistry
Authors: Balabanoff Morgan , Al Fulaiti Haiyan , DeKorver Brittland , Mack Michael , Moon Alena
Published: December 2021

General Chemistry serves virtually all STEM students. It has been accused of covering content in a “mile wide and inch deep” fashion. This has made it very difficult to assess, where chemistry educators have relied on assessments of specific topics. Assessing across all these different topics requires introducing many different chemical systems and contexts, which may pose a threat to validity in the measurement of students’ knowledge of general chemistry concepts. With many different systems and contexts, it is possible that students will have varying familiarity, may resort to memorization, or rely on fragments of knowledge to answer. To account for challenges which may arise with different systems and contexts, we have developed an assessment instrument for measuring students’ understanding of key concepts from a year-long sequence of general chemistry that relies on a single context: water. The Water Instrument was developed using exploratory sequential design to target eight of the ten anchoring concepts for general chemistry. Psychometric results will be presented from the final pilot administration, where an item response model was used to evaluate the assessment. Further evidence gathered through Response Process Validity interviews will be presented. The evidence gathered indicates this assessment offers a valid and reliable estimate of students’ understanding of general chemistry concepts in the context of water, which makes this instrument promising for general chemistry assessment. The comprehensive nature of the assessment can provide rich information to instructors regarding their students’ conceptual knowledge of the wide range of topics covered in a year-long sequence of general chemistry.
Asymmetric transformations from sulfoxonium ylides
Authors: Caiuby Clarice A. D. , Furniel Lucas G. , Burtoloso Antonio C. B.
Published: December 2021

Asymmetric transformations involving sulfoxonium ylides, culminating in catalytic enantioselective versions, are discussed in this perspective.
Engineering and characterization of interphases for lithium metal anodes
Authors: Shadike Zulipiya , Tan Sha , Lin Ruoqian , Cao Xia , Hu Enyuan , Yang Xiao-Qing
Published: December 2021

Different strategies of SEI engineering such as modification, additive application, and artificial SEI for electrolyte are summarized. Characterization techniques for SEI studies using X-ray, neutron, and electron as probing beams are discussed.
Construction of single-atom copper sites with low coordination number for efficient CO2 electroreduction to CH4
Authors: Wei Shaomin , Jiang Xingxing , He Congyi , Wang Siyu , Hu Qi , Chai Xiaoyan , Ren Xiangzhong , Yang Hengpan , He Chuanxin
Published: December 2021

A simple and effective plasma-activated strategy is employed to synthesize a MOF-based single-atom copper catalyst, which contains abundant low-coordinated copper sites for high-performance CO2 electroreduction to CH4.
Impedance spectroscopy for perovskite solar cells: characterisation, analysis, and diagnosis
Authors: von Hauff Elizabeth , Klotz Dino
Published: December 2021

Impedance spectroscopy (IS) has great potential to become a standard technique for the characterisation, analysis, and diagnosis of perovskite solar cells (PSC).
Intermetallic wetting enabled high resolution liquid metal patterning for 3D and flexible electronics
Authors: Johnston Lucy , Yang Jiong , Han Jialuo , Kalantar-Zadeh Kourosh , Tang Jianbo
Published: December 2021

The intermetallic wetting between metallic liquids and solid surfaces enables a high-resolution liquid metal patterning strategy which is widely applicable for fabricating functional patterns on versatile substrates and planar/3D geometries.
Bacteria serve up a tasty solution to the global plastic problem
Authors: Sadler Joanna C. , Wallace Stephen , Robertson Marie-Anne
Published: December 2021

Rattling around on a cold, damp Edinburgh street, a plastic water bottle is a stark reminder of one of the greatest environmental crises facing our planet. In little under 100 years a growing tsunami of plastic waste has contaminated not just our streets but nearly every corner of the natural world – from Mount Everest to the deepest oceans. But this plastic bottle provided the inspiration that could yet turn the tide. Diverted from landfill to the laboratory the bottle soon grabbed the attention of the world’s media by undergoing a remarkable transformation from plastic into vanillin – the main component of vanilla and one of the most in-demand spices in the world. This seemingly impossible act of alchemy was made possible by harnessing the metabolic power of bacteria. Its success has enormous implications. Not only could it meet our insatiable appetite for this rare flavouring, but it could radically change the way we tackle another addiction – the endless stream of single-use and disposable plastics that have become part of everyday life. Yet this only scratches the surface of the potential of this approach. By coaxing microbes to behave as eco-friendly factories that produce useful materials, we could tackle many other global challenges.
Multi‐label based view learning for vehicle re‐identification
Authors: Liu Yichu , Hu Haifeng , Chen Dihu
Published: December 2021

Due to the high similarity of different vehicles with similar appearances and the great diversity of camera viewpoints, vehicle re‐identification (ReID) is still a challenging task. It commonly maps query set image into a high dimensional embedding space and then retrieve gallery vehicle images according to the distance. In this letter, a multi‐label based view learning (MLVL) model to enhance the distinguishability of intra‐class and inter‐class through multiple labels learning, and decrease the distance of intra‐class features caused by multi‐view appearances of vehicles. Specifically, the model includes two main parts. First, the vehicle orientation estimation module is responsible for detecting key‐points of the vehicle and predicting its orientation, which provides the orientation label for the multi‐label based learning network to enhance view‐invariant representation. Second, a novel dual‐triplet and quadruplet loss function is designed to optimise intra‐class and inter‐class distance with the help of multi‐label information, i.e. vehicle colour, type and orientation. In particular, a multi‐label based sampler is proposed to generate training mini‐batches instead of random sampler. Extensive experiments results show that the proposed MLVL model achieves 5.6 mAP improvement on VeRi‐776 and 1.9 on VERI‐Wild datasets compared with baseline model.
Improved design and analysis of a radial magnetic bearing with paired‐pole or alternating‐pole configurations
Authors: Xu Shilei , Sun Jinji , Wang Zhipeng
Published: December 2021

The magnetic saturation of iron‐core will reduce the maximum output force, influence the linear force characteristic and control precision of the magnetic bearing. To avoid these problems, a modified iron‐core design rule for the alternating‐pole magnetic bearing is proposed. The thickness of both stator yoke and rotor journal should be designed as 3/4 of the stator pole width for the alternating‐pole configuration, which is successfully verified by 3D finite element method and experiments. Based on the improved design, the structural sizes, rotor iron losses, and force coupling characteristics of the paired‐pole configuration and the alternating‐pole configuration are compared. The results show that the size of the alternating‐pole bearing is smaller than that of the paired‐pole bearing; the alternating‐pole configuration generates slightly higher rotor iron loss than the paired‐pole configuration; the coupling strength of the alternating‐pole configuration is stronger than that of the paired‐pole configuration irrespective of whether the magnetic force coupling is caused by rotor displacements or control currents. The presented method and results can provide a reference for the design and selection of the active magnetic bearings.
Deep‐learning‐based line enhancer for passive sonar systems
Authors: Ju Donghao , Chi Cheng , Li Zigao , Li Yu , Zhang Chunhua , Huang Haining
Published: December 2021

Detection of acoustic tonals from surfaces and underwater vehicles is important for passive sonar systems. Enhancements of the tonals are usually necessary in passive sonar prior to detections. Conventionally, passive sonars employ adaptive line enhancers (ALE) in order to realise enhancements of the tonals. However, ALEs have requirements on their input signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNR). When the SNR inputs are too low, the ALEs cannot perform well. Therefore, for the purpose of overcoming the limitations of the SNR inputs to ALEs, this study proposes to enhance tonals using unsupervised deep‐learning techniques. The proposed deep‐learning‐based line enhancer (DLE) is based on an autoencoder neural network. The simulation results show that when the input SNR is −28 dB, the proposed DLE still achieves an SNR gain of 15 dB. However, the reference ALE fails. The experimental results also demonstrate the superiority of the proposed DLE.
Les neuropathies héréditaires associées au gène SORD
Authors: Fernández-Eulate Gorka , Bruneel Arnaud , Stojkovic Tanya
Published: December 2021

Mutations in the SORD gene have recently been identified as a cause of autosomal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease as well as the underlying defect in some cases of hereditary distal motoneuronopathies. Patients may be amenable to therapies in a near future.
Les instrumentations rachidiennes sans fusion vertébrale dans les scolioses neuromusculaires
Authors: Saudeau Étienne
Published: December 2021

Less invasive techniques are now available to treat neuromuscular scoliosis efficiently. Rods can be implanted safely and at an early stage to correct and prevent further spine deformities. These techniques are particularly adapted to children with spinal muscular atrophy. The expansion of rods is possible magnetically or mechanically and enables to follow the spine growth timeline optimally. Of note, a risk a metallosis has been reported for some magnetic rods available on the market.
Dystrophie musculaire liée à des mutations du gène JAG2
Authors: Nur Villar-Quiles Rocio , Romero Norma B , Tanya Stojkovic
Published: December 2021

JAG2 has recently been involved in autosomal recessive forms of muscular dystrophy as illustrated in this clinical vignette. In many ways, this disease can mimick a COL6-related retractile myopathy including at the imaging level.
Le collectif poplyphonique en tant que créateur d’espace dans l’institution hospitalière
Authors: Sebban Sandrine
Published: December 2021

Conçue avant tout comme relevant d’une problématique de l’espace, la schizophrénie nous interroge sur le fait que le sujet ne parviendrait ni à habiter son corps ni le monde. Un contexte hospitalier, sous-tendu par un fond théorique se référant au mouvement de la psychothérapie institutionnelle, pourrait permettre de travailler cette question à partir de la notion d’ « espace polyphonique multi-référentiel ». En articulation avec cette idée, la mise en œuvre d’ateliers médiatisés par la voix chantée et la musique pourrait potentiellement aider les patients à fabriquer de l’espace dans les structures hospitalières, quand bien même la musique se propose généralement comme un art du temps.
Herzratenvariabilitätsbasiertes Lifestyle-Coaching bei Patient*innen mit subakromialem Schmerzsyndrom – eine Pilotstudie
Authors: Kalmring Matthias
Published: December 2021

Hintergrund Mehrere Studien konnten einen Einfluss von psychologischem Stress auf Schmerzmodulation und Wundheilung aufzeigen. Die Erweiterung der physiotherapeutischen Behandlung um die psychosoziale Ebene des biopsychosozialen Modells stellt komplexe Anforderungen an die behandelnden Physioherapeut*innen.

Ziel Untersucht wurde der Einfluss von auf Herzratenvariabilität (HRV) basierendem Lifestyle-Coaching auf die Entwicklung der funktionellen Einschränkungen und das Schmerzempfinden bei Patient*innen mit subakromialem Schmerzsyndrom (SAPS). Es erfolgte zudem eine Analyse der Machbarkeit für Folgestudien.

Methode 15 Proband*innen mit SAPS wurden randomisiert in 2 Gruppen eingeteilt. Die Interventionsgruppe erhielt zusätzlich zu der in beiden Gruppen durchgeführten übungstherapeutischen Intervention ein Lifestyle-Coaching. Als Kontrollparameter wurden der SPADI-Score (SPADI), das maximale Schmerzempfinden (NRSmax) und anhand der Kurzzeit-HRV-Messung die High Frequency (HF), Low Frequency (LF), LF/HF-Ratio, Root Mean Square of Successive Difference (Rmssd) sowie die Standard Deviation NN (SdNN) erhoben. Bezüglich der Machbarkeit wurden mögliche Störfaktoren, Optimierungsmöglichkeiten und eine adäquate Stichprobengröße eruiert.

Ergebnisse Einen signifikanten Unterschied zeigten die Variablen des SPADI-Scores, SPADI (95 % CI –59,3 bis –4,6; p = 0,026; d = –1,5), NRSmax (95 % CI –5,5 bis –0,1; p = 0,042; d = –1,35) und der HRV-Messwert HF (95 % CI 505,3–1753,3; p = 0,002; d = 2,23) im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe.

Schlussfolgerung Das Design dieser Studie ist machbar und für Folgestudien mit größeren Stichproben geeignet. Anpassungen bei der Randomisierung sowie den verwendeten Assessments sollten dabei vorgenommen werden. Für eine gültige Aussagekraft der Ergebnisse wurde die dafür nötige Stichprobengröße mit n = 66 ermittelt. Die Auswertung der klinischen Parameter weisen auf eine Steigerung der parasympathischen Aktivität (HF) sowie einer Reduktion von SPADI und NRSmax hin. Letztere können hierbei als potentiell positive Wirkung auf die Funktion und Schmerzreduktion in der Interventionsgruppe eingeschätzt werden.
Orthognathe Chirurgie und CMD – was ist erwiesen?
Authors: Kolk Andreas , Walch Benjamin
Published: December 2021

Kraniomandibuläre Dysfunktionen (CMD) und deren Stellenwert für die orthognathe Chirurgie (OGC) wurden in den letzten Jahren kontrovers diskutiert. Das durch vielfältige Symptome gekennzeichnete Bild einer CMD hat funktionelle und psychogene Einflüsse und beeinträchtigt die Lebensqualität der Betroffenen. Ätiologie und Pathophysiologie der CMD sind nur teilweise verstanden; die Fluktuation der CMD-Symptome mit On- und Off-Phasen erschwert die Analyse unter Studienbedingungen. Ob OGC eine CMD verbessert oder gar verschlechtert ist die Kardinalfrage, die sich stellt und auf die dieser Übersichtsartikel eine Antwort geben soll. Obwohl zahlreiche Studien zu diesem Themenbereich vorliegen, ist die Beantwortung der Frage des Kausalzusammenhanges zwischen CMD und OGC nicht eindeutig möglich. Der überwiegende Teil der Studien unterstützt die Annahme, dass eine CMD durch OGC eher verbessert wird. Relativ einig ist man sich auch dabei, dass eine vor OGC bestehende CMD präoperativ beseitigt bzw. zumindest deutlich gemildert werden muss, da es sonst zu einer Symptomverstärkung kommen kann. Zusätzlich werden Risikofaktoren beleuchtet, die eine OGC-bedingte CMD begünstigen können.
Aligner-Systeme in der Kieferorthopädie: ein aktueller Überblick
Authors: Gänzer Hanna
Published: December 2021

Im kieferorthopädischen Alltag ist es keine Seltenheit mehr, dass die Patienten eine möglichst rasche und unkomplizierte, aber v. a. ästhetische Behandlung bevorzugen. Das ist zumindest der Wunsch des Patienten.

Daher wurden die Energien der letzten Jahre vermehrt auf die Entwicklung durchsichtiger Schienen zur Behandlung von Zahnfehlstellungen gelenkt, was zu einer Übersättigung des Marktes geführt hat. Bei Recherchen im Internet konnten im Jahre 2015 bereits 27 unterschiedliche Anbieter von Alignern gelistet werden.

Den Ursprung fanden die Aligner jedoch schon Jahre zuvor, beginnend mit dem Gedanken, kleine Zahnfehlstellungen wie rotierte Zähne oder geringe Engstände der Frontzähne zu beheben. Alle Schienen teilen als große Gemeinsamkeit, dass sie als durchsichtige, temperaturgeformte Plastikschiene den gesamten Zahnbogen umfassen, sonst können die Modelle der verschiedenen Anbieter allerdings sehr unterschiedlich ausfallen bzw. ausgestattet sein, entsprechend den Wünschen des behandelnden Arztes.

Auch heute gibt es noch Aligner-Systeme, welche sich explizit auf die Behandlung kleiner Zahnfehlstellungen und Irregularitäten spezialisiert haben, mit anderen Aligner-Systemen ist es jedoch möglich auch komplexe Zahnfehlstellungen zu behandeln.

Gerade um größere Zahnbewegungen durchführen zu können, werden von einigen Aligner-Systemen Attachments für die Behandlung geplant. Durch diese zahnfarbenen Knöpfchen, welche an der bukkalen Fläche des Zahnes angebracht werden, können Kräfte appliziert werden, die sonst nicht möglich wären.

Studien, welche die Wirkungsweise von Alignern allein oder den Vergleich mit fixen Apparaturen aufzeigen, wurden in der Literatur aufgrund fehlender Kontrollgruppen, fehlender Verblindung bzw. Randomisierung oder schlechter Methodik oft als mangelhaft beschrieben 1.
Konservative stationäre Behandlung von spezifischen
Rückenschmerzen vor und während der Corona-Pandemie
Authors: Haase Ingo , Kladny Bernd
Published: December 2021

Hintergrund Als Fach mit einem sehr hohen Anteil elektiv planbarer
Operationen war die Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie strukturell und
finanziell stark von den Maßnahmen gegen die Coronapandemie betroffen.
Erfahrungen aus der konservativen Orthopädie wurden bisher kaum
berichtet.

Ziel Die Studie soll Erkenntnisse darüber liefern, welche
Veränderungen sich im Patientenkollektiv einer stationären konservativen
Behandlung von Patienten mit Wirbelsäulenerkrankungen unter der
Coronapandemie hinsichtlich Fallzahlen, Patientenstruktur und
Behandlungsverlauf ergeben haben.

Material und Methoden Es wurden retrospektiv Daten von insgesamt 954
Patienten aus der Routinedokumentation einer Abteilung für konservative
Behandlung von Rückenschmerzen aus den Jahren 2019 und 2020 verglichen, die
Aussagen über den Verlauf der stationären konservativen
Wirbelsäulenbehandlung erlauben. Neben soziodemografischen Daten wurden
numerische Schmerzratingskalen, Skalen zur Beeinträchtigung durch die
Schmerzen und zur körperlichen Funktionsfähigkeit bei Behandlungsbeginn und
bei Behandlungsende mittels deskriptiver Statistik und Unterschiedstests
analysiert.

Ergebnisse Die Studie zeigte eine Reduktion der Fallzahlen um 21%
gegenüber dem Zeitraum vor der Pandemie. Die Patientenstruktur hat sich
geändert hinsichtlich der Diagnosegruppen und der körperlichen
Funktionsfähigkeit. Die Werte der Assessments bei Entlassung wie auch deren
Prä-post-Differenzen zeigen ein nahezu identisches Bild der Ergebnisqualität
vor und nach Pandemiebeginn.

Diskussion Der relativ geringe Rückgang an stationären Einweisungen
zur nicht operativen Behandlung von spezifischen Wirbelsäulenerkrankungen
verweist darauf, dass auch in der pandemiebedingten Krise dieses
Behandlungsangebot erforderlich war. Bei geringen Veränderungen in der
Patientenzusammensetzung konnten vergleichbare Behandlungsergebnisse erzielt
werden.
Changes in Pulmonary Function After Long-duration Adventure Racing in
Adolescent Athletes
Authors: Birat Anthony , Garnier Yoann , Dodu Alexandre , Grossoeuvre Claire , Dupont Anne-Charlotte , Mucci Patrick , Blazevich Anthony , Rance Mélanie , Morel Claire , Nottin Stéphane , Ratel Sebastien
Published: December 2021

The present study investigated the acute effects of a mixed-modality,
long-duration adventure race on pulmonary function in adolescent athletes.
Twenty male adolescents aged 14 to 17 years volunteered to participate in a
wilderness adventure race of 68.5-km. Expiratory function was evaluated before,
immediately after, and 24 h after race completion. Measurements included
forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s
(FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF). Maximal inspiratory and
expiratory mouth static pressures (MIP and MEP, respectively) were also measured
using a portable hand-held mouth pressure meter across the same time points. The
mean completion time of the race was 05:38±00:20 hours. A
significant post-race decrease in FVC was observed immediately after the race
(−5.2%, p=0.01). However, no significant changes were
observed for FEV1, PEF and the FEV1/FVC and
FEV1/PEF ratios. In addition, estimates of respiratory
muscle strength (MIP and MEP) were unaffected by the race. The long-duration
adventure race induced no marked reduction in expiratory pulmonary function and
this response was associated with no apparent respiratory muscle fatigue.
Therefore, the pulmonary system of trained adolescent athletes was sufficiently
robust to sustain the mixed-modality, long-duration adventure race of
~ 5–6 h.
Giant Distal Anastomotic Pseudoaneurysm 35 Years after Bentall Operation Mimicking an “Elephant Trunk”
Authors: Scaffa Raffaele , Torre Mario , Longobardi Antonio , Ferrara David , Vassallo Maria G. , Itri Francesco , Coscioni Enrico
Published: December 2021

We present the case of a giant distal aortic pseudoaneurysm 35 years after a classic mechanical Bentall operation. Computed tomography and coronary angiography showed that this originated from the distal suture line. The proximal suture and coronary ostia appeared to be intact. At reoperation, we found a complete dehiscence of distal suture line: the graft was floating in the pseudoaneurysm, mimicking an “elephant trunk” procedure. This complication suggested a systematic and accurate follow-up of patients who underwent an original Bentall procedure.
Clinical and Laboratory Markers in Determination of Treatment Modalities and Short-Term Prognosis in Patients with Traumatic Acute Subdural Hematoma: Original Study
Authors: Bakar Bulent , Yuksel Ulas , Ozdemir Alemiddin , Bulut Ibrahim Umud , Ogden Mustafa
Published: December 2021

Objective In patients with traumatic acute subdural hematoma (ASH), it has not been yet fully elucidated which patients can benefit from surgery or from clinical follow-up. This study was constructed to predict treatment modality and short-term prognosis in patients with ASH using their clinical, radiological, and biochemical laboratory findings during admission to hospital.

Methods Findings of patients with ASH determined on their CT scan between 2015 and 2018 were evaluated. Patients were grouped in terms of ASH-FOL (patients followed-up without surgery, n = 13), ASH-OP (patients treated surgically, n = 10), and ASH-INOP (patients considered as inoperable, n = 5) groups. They also were divided into “survived (n = 14)” and “nonsurvived (n = 14)” groups.

Results ASH developed as a result of fall from a height in 15 patients and traffic accidents in 13 patients. In deciding for surgery, it was determined that Glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores < 8, midline shift (MLS) level > 5 mm, MLS-hematoma thickness ratio > 0.22, leukocyte count > 12730 uL, and presence of anisocoria could be used as predictive markers. It was determined that GCS scores < 8, hematoma thickness value > 8 mm, and the presence of anisocoria could be considered as biomarkers in prediction of mortality likelihood.

Conclusion It could be suggested that GCS scores, MLS level, MLS-hematoma thickness ratio, presence of anisocoria, and leukocyte count value could help in determination of the treatment modality in patients with ASH. Additionally, GCS scores, hematoma thickness value, and presence of anisocoria could each be used as a marker in the prediction of early-stage prognosis and mortality likelihood of these patients.
The Largest Germline Heterozygous Deletion Encompassing Potocki–Shaffer and WAGR Syndromes Loci to Date: A Case Report
Authors: Delplancq Geoffroy , Boukebir Mohamed Abdelatif , Amsallem Daniel , Thines Laurent , Rozé Virginie , Dahlen Eric , Van Maldergem Lionel , Kuentz Paul
Published: December 2021

Potocki–Schaffer syndrome includes multiple exostoses, parietal foramina, and variable developmental delay/intellectual disability. It is associated with a heterozygous deletion of the 11p12p11.2 region. In some cases, the deletion extends to the WAGR locus (11p13p12). We describe here a 9-month-old girl harboring the largest germline heterozygous deletion characterized so far. Oligohydramnios and parietal foramina were noticed during pregnancy. No patient has been diagnosed before with concomitance of these two syndromes during the prenatal period. Cytogenetic diagnosis was anticipated on basis of clinical and radiological signs. Postnatal conventional karyotype confirmed an interstitial 11p deletion: 46,XX,del(11)(p11.2p15.1). Array-comparative genomic hybridization characterized a 29.6 Mb deletion. Our case illustrates the interest of high-resolution genomic approaches to correlate adequately clinical phenotypes with specific genes in suspected contiguous gene deletion syndromes.
Tourniquet Use Does Not Affect Pain and Function after Total Knee Arthroplasty: Patient Evaluation According to Pain Threshold
Authors: Çamur Savaş , Bayram Serkan , Kara Adnan , Seçkin Mustafa Faik , Sağlam Necdet , Batibay Sefa Giray
Published: December 2021

We evaluated the effect of using a tourniquet on early-stage pain and 1-year postoperative functional outcomes when patients were divided into two groups according to the pain threshold (PT). Overall, 120 patients who were assessed preoperatively with an algometer were recruited for this prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Patients were randomized to undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with a tourniquet (group 1, 60 patients) and without tourniquet (group 2, 60 patients). Primary outcome measures were visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores at 24, 36, and 48 hours postoperatively and functional assessment with Knee Society Score (KSS) test at 1 year postoperatively. No significant differences were observed between groups in terms of gender (49 females and 8 males in group 1 vs. 53 females and 6 males in group 2; p = 0.201) and age (68.9 years in group 1 vs. 68.7 years in group 2; p = 0.811). There was no significant difference between groups in all the VAS and KSS 1 and KSS 2 scores. PT measurements ranged from 2.5 to 11.5 with a mean of 7.69 ± 1.70 and a median of 8. Total 54 patients with a median value of < 8 were defined as the low-PT group, and 62 patients with a median value of ≥ 8 were defined as the high-PT group. When the groups were evaluated according to using the tourniquet, 21 patients were operated on with a tourniquet and 33 patients without it in the low-PT group, while 36 patients were operated on with a tourniquet and 26 patients without it in the high-PT group. There was no significant difference in pain or functional scores between patients when comparing with-tourniquet and without-tourniquet or when comparing the low- and high-PT groups. This showed that the use of a tourniquet during TKA was not associated with either early-stage pain or 1-year postoperative functional outcomes according to algometer evaluation.

Level of evidence: Level 1 prospective randomized study.
A Child Presenting with a Glasgow Coma Scale Score of 13: Mild or Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury? A Narrative Review
Authors: Hageman Gerard , Nihom Jik
Published: December 2021

Objective The objective of this article was to compare children with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and Glasgow Coma Scale score (GCS) 13 with children presenting with GCS 14 and 15 and GCS 9 to 12.

Data Source We searched PubMed for clinical studies of children of 0 to 18 years of age with mild TBI (mTBI) and moderate TBI, published in English language in the period of 2000 to 2020.

Study Selection We selected studies sub-classifying children with GCS 13 in comparison with GCS 14 and 15 and 9 to 12. We excluded reviews, meta-analyses, non-U.S./European population studies, studies of abusive head trauma, and severe TBI.

Data Synthesis Most children (>85%) with an mTBI present at the emergency department with an initial GCS 15. A minority of only 5% present with GCS 13, 40% of which sustain a high-energy trauma. Compared with GCS 15, they present with a longer duration of unconsciousness and of post-traumatic amnesia. More often head computerized tomography scans show abnormalities (in 9–16%), leading to neurosurgical intervention in 3 to 8%. Also, higher rates of severe extracranial injury are reported. Admission is indicated in more than 90%, with a median length of hospitalization of more than 4 days and 28% requiring intensive care unit level care. These data are more consistent with children with GCS 9 to 12. In children with GCS 15, all these numbers are much lower.

Conclusion We advocate classifying children with GCS 13 as moderate TBI and treat them accordingly.
Impacts of school shooter drills on the psychological well-being of American K-12 school communities: a social media study
Authors: ElSherief Mai , Saha Koustuv , Gupta Pranshu , Mishra Shrija , Seybolt Jordyn , Xie Jiajia , O’Toole Megan , Burd-Sharps Sarah , De Choudhury Munmun
Published: December 2021

The toll from gun violence in American K-12 schools has escalated over the past 20 years. School administrators face pressure to prepare for possible active shootings, and often do so through drills, which can range from general lockdowns to simulations, involving masked “shooters” and simulated gunfire, and many variations in between. However, the broad and lasting impact of these drills on the well-being of school communities is poorly understood. To that end, this article applies machine learning and interrupted time series analysis to 54 million social media posts, both pre- and post-drills in 114 schools spanning 33 states. Drill dates and locations were identified via a survey, then posts were captured by geo-location, school social media following, and/or school social media group membership. Results indicate that anxiety, stress, and depression increased by 39–42% following the drills, but this was accompanied by increases in civic engagement (10–106%). This research, paired with the lack of strong evidence that drills save lives, suggests that proactive school safety strategies may be both more effective, and less detrimental to mental health, than drills.
Experimental and numerical characterization of the narrow channel Hall thruster discharge
Authors: Hamo Omri , Kronhaus Igal
Published: December 2021

A sub-30 W Hall effect thruster known as the Narrow Channel Hall Thruster (NCHT) was recently developed at the Aerospace Plasma Laboratory, Technion. In this work, the near field plume region of the NCHT is analyzed using emissive and planar Langmuir probes. The NCHT discharge is also analyzed using a particle-in-cell simulation, capable of providing 2D spatial distributions of the plasma parameters inside the channel itself. Both experimental and simulation results confirm that most of the potential drop ∼60% occurs outside the channel. The results also show that ion current loss to the walls and anode is substantial, similar in value of the ion beam current itself.
Sensitivity-enhanced temperature sensor based on Mach–Zehnder interferometer coated with thermal-sensitive material
Authors: Song Jiao , Sun Simei , Jiang Chao , Chen Hailin , Wang Saiyu
Published: December 2021

In this paper, a Mach–Zehnder interferometer temperature sensor with a single-mode fiber–thin-core fiber–single-mode fiber cascaded is designed. When the light is transmitted from the single-mode fiber to the thin-core fiber, different modes will be excited because of the mode-field mismatch. Optical power from the input fiber can be partly coupled to the cladding modes of the thin-core fiber, and the cladding modes of the thin-core fiber then re-coupled to the lead-out fiber, which constitutes the Mach–Zehnder interferometer in the output single-mode fiber. To improve the temperature sensitivity of the sensor, we coated the thermal-sensitive material (such as polymethoxane or ultraviolet glue) on the surface of the thin-core fiber. The experimental results show that the temperature sensitivity of the sensor coated with a polydimethylsiloxane film was increased from 32.0 to 90.0 pm/°C, about three times, compared to the uncoated thin-core fiber sensor. When the surface of the thin-core fiber is coated with an ultraviolet glue film, the temperature sensitivity of the sensor was increased from 32.0 to 166.8 pm/°C, about six times. The designed sensor, with compact structure, simple production, strong robustness, and high sensitivity, has a wide application prospect in industrial production and national defense technology.