bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Мовна репрезентація гендеру на сторінках журналу «Кур’єр Кривбасу»
Authors: Poplavska Nataliya , Tsepkalo Tetiana
Published: April 2023

У статті наголошено, що медіа є чи не основним каталізатором гендерних проблем, обгрутовано необхідність їх дослідження. Схарактеризовано українські літературно-художні часописи як медійні платформи для обговорення літературних процесів та книговидавання, які презентували читачам широку палітру нових письменницьких постатей, заборонених творів, стали репрезентантами стану у сфері продукування художніх текстів. На основі моніторингу художніх творів, опублікованих на сторінках літературно-мистецького журналу «Кур’єр Кривбасу» початку ХХІ ст., доведено, що мовна репрезентація гендеру відзначена відповідною стереотипізацією. Звернено увагу на явище сексизму в текстах, який оприявнено через родові іменники та займенники, що використовуються в чоловічому роді на позначення представників обох статей, спрощення мовних виявів та економію лінгвістичного ресурсу, стереотипний опис фізіологічних та психологічних якостей жінок, лексеми, що принижують їх гідність, та слова зневажливого характеру. Виокремлено лексичні лакуни та безеквівалентні слова на позначення професій чоловіків і жінок стосовно відсутності відповідника в іншій родовій приналежності, процес фемінітивізму як спосіб делакунізації, встановлено роль використання фемінітивів для закріплення соціального статусу жінок, способи їх творення (суфіксальний, словоскладання, калькування тощо).

У статті для проведення аналізу лінгвістичної репрезентації гендеру використано системно-структурний аналіз, функціональний підхід — до вивчення мовної специфіки художніх текстів, описовий метод — для інтерпретації маскулінних та фемінних стереотипів і їх прояву в мові, а також методи систематизації та узагальнення, контент-аналіз.
Структура редакції сучасного вітчизняного інтернет-видання: основні тенденції розвитку
Authors: Tarasiuk Volodymyr
Published: April 2023

У статті проаналізовано склад редакцій інтернет-медіа з визначенням основних тенденцій у розвитку таких колективів. На підставі дослідження зроблено висновок про доцільність виокремлення чотирьох умовних груп редакцій: із мінімальним числом працівників (до 5–6 осіб), невеликі (до 10–15 членів колективу), середні (до 25–30 осіб) та великі – понад 30 працівників. На кількісний склад редакцій, формування їх відділів впливають фінансування, масштаб поширення, тематична спрямованість видань, специфіка новинного продукту, який медіа готують для своєї аудиторії, відсоток авторських та запозичених в інших ЗМІ матеріалів та інші чинники.

Для мережевих медіа характерні риси як журналістських колективів  традиційних ЗМІ (керівна й виконавська ланки, система редакторів, кореспондентів, класичні назви відділів – новин, економіки, освіти, політики – тощо), так і власне пов’язаних з інтернет-середовищем та відповідними форматом функціонування і характером виробленої новинної продукції. Ідеться передусім про властиві лише  таким ЗМІ посади працівників (відповідальний за соцмережі, модератор, керівниця digital-напрямку тощо) і відділи редакції (техно, Youtube, SMM, блогів та інші).

Середньостатистична редакція сучасного українського сайту постає у вигляді колективу в межах 10–20 осіб, але з урахуванням вузької спеціалізації, регіональних особливостей та всеукраїнського масштабу їх кількість може суттєво змінюватися. Найпоширенішими в редакціях інтернет-медіа є посади керівника (головного редактора, шеф-редактора, директора), його заступника, редакторів відділів, редакторів, кореспондентів.

Роль редакцій у майбутньому посилюватиметься, оскільки їх діяльність безпосередньо має вплив на успішність медіа. Отож виникатиме потреба надалі ґрунтовно вивчати журналістський склад ЗМІ для отримання об’єктивних даних щодо природи та характеру функціонування медійних колективів.

Загалом редакційні системи інтернет-медіа – рухомі, зазнають постійних трансформацій, щоб успішно долати виклики часу та ефективно конкурувати на медіаринку.
Entre ruínas e muros
Authors: De Luna Freire Leticia
Published: April 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a perspectiva de crianças a respeito do processo de remoção da favela Metrô Mangueira, na zona norte do Rio de Janeiro, a partir de trabalho de campo e oficinas realizadas tanto com crianças que ainda vivem na localidade quanto com algumas que foram reassentadas em um condomínio popular nos arredores. Estreitando o diálogo entre a antropologia urbana e a antropologia da criança, a pesquisa evoca a pluralidade de experiências urbanas infantis e a necessidade de reconhecer as crianças como atores sociais legítimos na construção da cidade. Por fim, discute o papel exercido pelo estado no referido processo de remoção que, em vez de zelar pelos direitos das crianças, atuou como violador desses direitos, inclusive do direito à cidade.
A study on dislipidemic and hyper glycemic activities of Aloe vera
Authors: Chauhan Beenu Singh , Tiwari Albha , Bhadauria Arti
Published: April 2023

Aloe, a popular plant, has a long history as a versatile folk remedy. The plant can be alienated mainly into two products: gel and latex. Aloe vera gel is the leaf pulp or mucilage, aloe latex, commonly referred to as “aloe juice,” is a bitter yellow exudate from the pericyclic tubules just underneath the external skin of the leaves. Extracts of aloe gum efficiently improves glucose tolerance in diabetic rats as well as in normal rats. Treatment of long term however not solitary dose of exudates of Aloe barbadensis leaves impart hypoglycemia in alloxanized diabetic rats. Solitary as well as long term doses of acrimonious component of the same plant also displayed hypoglycemic effect in diabetic rats. This response of Aloe vera and its acrimonious component is by the stimulus of synthesis and/or release of insulin from pancreatic beta cells. Aloe vera also have got the anti-inflammatory potential in a dose reliant way and relieves wound in diabetic mice by healing activity. The current article highlights the biological activities of Aloe Vera.
Awareness regarding meat hygiene practices followed in Srinagar city of Jammu and Kashmir, India
Authors: Ayman Niha , Hamdani S.A. , Akand A.H. , Hai Abdul , Thahaby Namera , Rather Mudasir Ali
Published: April 2023

The present study analyses the awareness regarding meat hygiene practices among consumers in the Srinagar district of Jammu and Kashmir. For this study, all administrative wards (35) were covered as an extensive sampling pattern and from each selected administrative ward, 7 meat-consuming households were randomly selected for the study. Finally, from each household, one member was selected and interviewed on various identified parameters based on the objectives of the study, making a total of 245 respondents. Data were collected through well-structured interview schedule after proper testing of the schedule and using appropriate scales. The data were coded, classified, tabulated, and analyzed using the appropriate tools to draw inferences. The major findings of the study reveal that all the respondents consumed at least one type of meat (mutton/carabeef/poultry). A satisfying feature with consumption of meat was that majority of people adopt hygienic meat handling practices especially personal hygiene while only half of the households were aware of the facts about licensing and inspection of meat sold by retailers in the markets of Srinagar. Chilling turned out to be the most followed scientific meat storage practice with a comparatively higher level of awareness among the households.Further, the majority revealed that they throw spoiled meat in public dustbins while scientific methods (Burial, compost etc.) turned out to be the least adopted practices.There was a significant relationship (p<0.05) between awareness regarding meat hygiene practices with meat consuming households in Srinagar city. Moreover, it was seen that among the various socio-economic variables, family income, family size, and occupation were found to be influential on overall hygienic meat handling practices in Srinagar city, which in turn lays a strong emphasis on stakeholder dialogue for dissemination of relevant information on hygienic meat handling practices and abolishes the myths in its way for a healthier society at large.
Adoption level of farmers about redgram production technologies of UAS, Dharwad
Authors: Mirji Mallikarjun , Aski S.G. , Gotyal S.H.
Published: April 2023

The present study was conducted in Vijayapura and Bagalkot districts of Karnataka state during 2021-22.To study the Adoption level of farmers about redgram production technologies of UAS Dharwad by employing “Ex-post facto” research design and by using simple random sampling technique in Vijayapura and Bagalkot districts constituting a total sample size of 160 farmers. It was revealed that, 40.62 per cent of the redgram growers belonged to medium adoption level category, whereas, 36.25 and 23.13 per cent were observed in low- and high-level adoption categories, respectively.Redgram growers adopted recommended time of sowing (91.87 %), seed rate (73.75 %), variety (61.87 %), seed rate for mixed or inter crop (17.50 %), seed treatment with rhizobium (11.25 %), seed treatment with Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (6.87 %), spacing (73.75 %), FYM (71.25 %), chemical fertilizer (65.62 %), application of sulphur (15.62 %), application of zinc sulphate (23.13 %), foliar application of 19:19:19 (22.50 %), spraying of (2.0 %) DAP (15.62 %), first hoeing (93.12 %), second hoeing (55.63 %), Inter-cropping (14.37 %), post emergent herbicides (11.87 %), nipping (3.75 %), recommended method of controlling pod borer (81.25 %), control of spotted pod borer (47.50 %), control of pod fly (57.50%), controlling wilt (65.00%), controlling SMD (28.75 %), controlling phytophthora blight (26.25 %), mechanical harvesting (88.75 %) and manual harvesting (11.25 %). There is enough scope to encourage improved redgram production technologies by using mass contact methods and concerned transfer of technology centers. Thus, the efforts should be made to conduct training programmes and demonstrations.So, it is another vital thing that needs to be given priority to adoption of production technology.
The chemical properties of murrah, jaffarabadi, surti and marathwadi buffalo milk under Satna region
Authors: Shukla U.K. , Mishra Rashmi
Published: April 2023

The present work was under taken to know the chemical properties of Murrah, Jaffarabadi, surti and Marathwadi buffalo milk under Satna region. In all 40 milk buffaloes were selected for collection of milk samples. The buffaloes were selected from Bhalla Dairy Farm Satna, work place of the study is Livestock Production and Management (Unit), Department of Natural resource management (NRM), Faculty of Agriculture, Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidyalaya, Chitrakoot – Satna (Madhya Pradesh). The individual animals was milked completely in milking pail carefully till last strips. Then milk was mixed well and after mixing samples were taken in sample bottles. As soon as samples collected, they were transferred to the laboratory of Department of NRM and kept in refrigerator till analysis is over. All tests were conducted within 5 to 6 hours. Samples were collected from month of March to May 2022. In all three samples from 10 selected Marathwadi buffalo breed. It is concluded that the physical properties of Marathwadi, Murrah, Jaffarabadi and Surti buffalo milk not differ significantly under the condition of Marathwada region in respect of it’s breed averages.
Effect of turmeric along with proximate nutrients of broiler chicks
Authors: Shukla U. K. , Dwivedi Ankur
Published: April 2023

The experiment was conducted at the Livestock Production and management unit, Department of N.R.M Faculty of agriculture MGCGV Chitrakoot - Satna M.P. To complete the research work following steps were followed. Freshly hatched, apparently healthy, day old straight run 225 commercial broiler chicks (Cobb strain) were procured on 18thApril, 2022 from Government Poultry Farm, for the present study. Routine, day old vaccinations for (Fl strain) disease were given to the chicks just after hatching. On 14th day all the chicks were vaccinated against Infectious Bursal Disease also. On 2nd day all the chicks were wing banded, individually weighed and randomly divided into 4 treatment groups excluding one that of control. Each group having 45 broiler chicks, was further sub-divided into 3 replicates of 15 chicks. In the group (T1) prebiotic as Bio-Mos, a product of Alltec Inc. incorporation, at the rate of 1000 ppm of feed to give an active concentration of 0.1 % in the feed. In the group (T2), probiotic was mixed with ration at the rate of 100 g/ton of feed to give an active concentration of 0.01% in the feed. In the group (T3) a herbal product turmeric (Curcuma longa), was mixed with ration at the rate of 1000 ppm. To give an active concentration of 0.1% in the feed. In the group (T4) a combination of prebiotic (Bio-Mos) and probiotic was incorporated with ration at the same rates as in treatment groups alone. Based on results it was concluded that turmuric powder has none -significant effect on the body weights, feed intake, gain in weight and feed efficiency of broilers. Based on feed efficiency best performance of broilers was observed in supplemented with 0.1 per cent tumuric powder, followed by 0.01 per cent tumuric powder, All treatments were economically better than control.
A study on assessment of nutritional status of females residing in selected slum area of Varanasi
Authors: Mishra Ishita , Mishra Akriti
Published: April 2023

Women is are an integral part of the society they are nucleus around which the atmosphere of the society revolve. Their roles are very important for agriculture and ranching , household economy and market activities besides their domestic chore and reproductive function . The present study was conducted on the nutritional status of females (20-40 years) residing in slum area of Varanasi.An interview method was used to collect the general information (regarding age, marital status, family size etc.). Socioeconomic status of the respondents was assess by also interview and compared with B.G. Prasad socio economic status scale .Socio economic data revealed that majority of the respondents belonged to lower middle class(Grade VI).Anthropometric measurement of an individual were recorded by research and conclude that the BMI of the respondents was normal range when BMI compared to WHO classification of BMI and WHR of the respondents was 0 .85. According to dietary assessment the diet of the respondents was deficit in energy, protein and iron whereas the intake of fat and carbohydrate were found to be higher.The dietary intake of respondents were also compared with SES and the result reviled were as same as with 24 H dietary recall method and also indicated that the heavy worker who belonged to upper SES were consumed high energy , protein and carbohydrate diet.
Studies of SRC bio pesticide to control the insect infestation in vegetables
Authors: Ali Mohd Nayeem , Kumar Vikrant , Jakhar Anjali
Published: April 2023

Biopesticides are products formulated from naturally occurring organisms such as fungi, plant and bacteria that are pathogenic or toxic to insect pests. Advantages to these products are that they have low environmental risk, low risk to nontarget organisms including mammals and beneficial insects, and can help reduce resistance to pesticides when used in an integrated pest management programme. Biopesticides were experimented on different vegetable crops from different farmers, in which it was found that Biopesticides destroys the insects that damage the crops, also increases the yield. Biopasticidase was used on brinjal, tomato and chili, in which along with pest control, the yield of brinjal increased by 8.5%, the yield of tomato by 7.3% and the yield of chili was increased by 8.08%.
Occupational health hazards associated with different professions of working women
Authors: Solanki Reena , Dua Kavita
Published: April 2023

Globalization, modernization, industrialization and many more, the life scenario of women and became her an educatedmindset who knows morals of life but nowits really became tough to maintain between their health and work.In today’s world working women are not only responsible for the normal activities of a housewife but also care for family members according to their needs and wants.But currently working women face a variety of health risks due to not completing the struggle for professional health.Various health risks such as safety,chemical, physical, biological,mechanical,ergonomic and psychological are found in almost all types of technology. Most working women are under a lot of pressure in various fields that affect their productivity, efficiency, personal health and work ethic.Therefore, the current review paper emphasizes occupational health hazards associated with different professions of working women in various fields.
Operator workplace design compatibility: A study on mini tractor
Authors: Vala Ravi , Yadav Rajvir , Gaadhe S.K.
Published: April 2023

Small tractor for agriculture is India’s most trending tractor segment for farmers. Looking to the mini tractor industry in India, there is a need to study the ergonomic aspects of mini tractor for operator’s better safety, comfort and higher efficiency. Study was conducted in which the tractor workplace configurations of 8 different mini tractor models were measured using different measuring scales. The location of different mini tractor seat and control locations were calculated considering the biomechanical and anthropometric measurements. These values were given as design values for mini tractor operator’s workplace design. The ergonomic evaluation of workplaces of 8 different mini tractor models was carried out in laboratory as well as in the field. Studies on evaluation of the optimum location of controls resulted in steering column angle of 70º with horizontal, foot pedals (clutch and brake) distance of 70.5 cm from SRP and the draft control lever distance of 28.6 cm from seat reference point (SRP). Heart rate was significantly influenced by different mini tractor models. It was found that the value obtained from the different mini tractor workplace configurations should be near to design values so that the operator can operate it with efficiently and comfortably.
An empirical assessment of the constraints affecting farmers’ livelihood security in the North-Eastern region of Nigeria
Authors: Gwandi O. , Adewuyi K. A. , John Samuel
Published: April 2023

Any government interested in the welfare state of its citizen, the subject of improving livelihood security for the people of the North-Eastern part of Nigeria is an issue of great importance. Food and livelihood security is an important need, as it is indispensable for the maintenance of human life. This research focuses on the empirical assessment of farmers’ livelihood security in the north-eastern region of Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to identify the socio-economic characteristics of farmers and identify the constraints militating against livelihood security among farmers in the study area. Data were collected from 435 randomly selected farmers in three states of the North-Eastern region with the aid of structured questionnaires. Data analyses were carried out using descriptive statistics involving the use of frequency distribution, percentages, mean and standard deviation, and inferential statistics involving the use Garret ranking technique. The results revealed that male farmers constituted the majority (73.17%) of the respondents, married with a mean age of 41 years. Most of them (78%) had formal education. The respondents were mostly small-scale farmers, and they cultivated an average of 3.5 hectares of farmland using personal savings. The results of the garret ranking technique revealed that a wide range of constraints militates against the livelihood security of the farmers in the study area. These include variability of rainfall, shortage of labour, and inadequate farm credit facilities as the first three production constraints. Lack of good roads, poor storage facilities, and lack of mobility were rated the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd as the infrastructural constraints. Inadequate access to credit and high-interest rate charge on the loan and high rate of tax were rated the highest among the financial constraints. The study recommended thatfarmers should be aided with sound irrigation facilities and the formation of cooperative organization that will ease the accessibility of infrastructural, financial and production facilities.
Assessment of bioagents against cotton diseases under South Gujarat of India
Authors: Sandipan Prashant B. , Patel P. S. , Patel R. K.
Published: April 2023

Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is one of the most important economic products of the group of fibres due to volume and value of production. Its cultivation is also of great social importance, due to the number of jobs generated directly or indirectly. The fibre, the main product of cotton has many industrial applications. The manufacturing of yarn for weaving of various kinds of fabrics, cotton batting for hospital use, felt clothing, blankets and upholstery, photographic films and plates for radiography among others. Here in this experiment, different bioagents were evaluated against the cotton foliar disease. This experiment engage the total nine treatments including control from which, treatment T5 (14.50 PDI) (Seed and soil application Pf CICR i.e., seed application: 108cfu/g @10g per kg of seed soil application: 2.5 kg/ha at 30 and 60 DAS) followed by T8 (18.33 PDI) significantly recorded minimum bacterial leaf blight infection in comparison to the treatment T9 i.e. control (42.33 PDI) in RCH 2 BG II hybrid. For Alternaria leaf spot disease, treatment T8 (8.17 PDI) (Seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens CICR (2 x 108cfu/g) @ 10 g/kg seed + soil application of Trichoderma viride TNAU1 (2 x 106 cfu/g) @ 2.5 kg/ha in 250 kg of vermicompost and sprays of Kresoxim methyl (0.0443%) followed by Captan 70% + Hexaconazole 5% WP @ 1.5 g/l) were recorded significantly minimum Alternaria leaf spot disease in RCH 2 BG II hybrid as compared to the T9 i.e. control (19.33 PDI) followed by T7 (9.83 PDI) and T3 (10.50 PDI) treatment. The highest seed cotton yield was recorded in the treatment T5 (2606.00 kg/ha) followed by treatment T8 (2335.33 kg/ha) and treatment T7 (2275.67 kg/ha), respectively.
Studies on life style and dietary pattern of seleceted hyper lipidemic subjects of Parbhani city in Maharashtra
Authors: Shinde Rupali , Arya Asha
Published: April 2023

Hypercholesterolemia or hyperlipidemia or dyslipidaemia, an anothernoncommunicable health problem. Hence, study was conducted with an objective to determine the socioeconomic status, information about dietary intake of hyperlipidemia. Thirty non-insulin dependent hyperlipidemic subjects (men and women) were selected from Parbhani city of Maharashtra state. Information on diet pattern, lifestyle, known risk factors for disease were collected.The information regarding their dietary habits, frequency of consumption of different food groups in a day etc. were collected.The actual food intake of the selected diabetic subjects was collected for the immediate past 24 hours. The intake of different nutrients per day by each selected subject was then calculated from the food intake values using food composition tables. Food and nutrient adequacy was calculated based on balanced diets and Recommended Dietary Allowances respectively.It was observed that from hyperlipidemic subjects were more from 50-60 years age group (76.66 %) respectively. Sex wise data indicated that more number of male were sufferers of hyperlipidemia (70 %).Hyperlipidemia was observed more among the subjects who were engaged in the service (36.66 % each). The income wise distribution indicated that there was increase in the number of subjects as the income was increased. A very high per cent (70%) of males were having hyperlipidemia.There were 6.66 per cent and 13.33 per cent subjects who had impaired lipid profile form 3-5 years and > 5 years duration.The increase in weight was experienced by all the selected 30 hyperlipidemic subjects after diagnosis of disorder.There were more than half with family history of hyperlipidemia. Oilseeds were consumed daily by 60 per cent hyperlipidemic respondents. It can be concluded that hyperlipidemia can be well controlled by modification in the diet and lifestyle.
Evaluation of sensory attributes of cauliflower slices under various pre-treatment and tray drying and microwave power drying condition
Authors: Verma Vipin Kumar , Kumar Devendra , Singh Rupendra , Kumar Pankaj , Singh Devendra
Published: April 2023

Cauliflower is one of the most important winter vegetable crop of india. Dehydrated cauliflower can be used to enhance the taste and nutritional value of various product such as vegetable soup, canned and extruded products etc. Experimental study was conducted to evaluate cauliflower slices using tray drying and microwave power drying techniques. Pretreatment of cauliflower slices as unblanched, blanched and blanched with kms and dried at different temperature (45, 55 and 65°C ) and micro wave at different power level ( 20 W,40 W and 60 W ).The physio-chemical characteristics were evaluated just after preparation of cauliflower slices. Sensory characteristics (colour, flavour, taste, texture and overall acceptability) were evaluated for pre treated cauliflower slices which dehydrated in tray dryer at 45, 55 and 65°C temperature and in microwave power dryer at 20, 40 and 60 W power. Sensory evolution was done using hedonic rating test method to measure the consumer acceptability. Results showed that highest score was obtained as 7.9 for colour at 65°c in KMS balanced condition where as highest score for taste was obtained as 7.9 at 65°C in balanced condition in tray dryer. The maximum value of flavour (8.0) was obtained at 65°C in blanched condition where as highest value of texture (7.9) at 65°C in blanched condition in tray dryer in microwave dryer, the highest values of colour (7.9) was obtained at 60W in kms blanched condition where as highest value of taste (7.9) at 60 W in unblanched conditions. The highest score of flavour (8.1) and texture (7.9) were found at 60 W in kms blanched condition in microwave power drying. Overall acceptability score was highest (7.92) in microwave power drying than tray drying (7.85) in kms blanched sample at 60 W power and 65°C temperature drying, respectively. Microwave power drying was found most suitable for kms blanched cauliflower slices at 60 W power level.
Evaluation the efficacy of bio pesticides against gram pod borer Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Patel S. , Garg V. K. , Balpande S.
Published: April 2023

Evaluation of six insecticides viz., Azadiractin1% (1000ppm) Neem oil, Baeuveria bassiana 1% WP, Bacillus thuriengiensis var kurstaki 5% WP, Metarhizium anisopliae 1.0% WP, Verticillium lecanii 1.15% WP and Ha NPV 250 LE were evaluated against Gram Pod Borer (Helicoverpa armigera Hubner) larvae. The Gram Pod Borer (GPB) larval population was counted on 5 randomly selected plants at 24 hr. before spray and at 3, 7 and 10 days after spray. The two-years experiment was conducted during Rabi 2018-19 and 2019-20 at the Rehti Farm of school of Agriculture, Mhow, experimental field of Department of Entomology, BRAUSS, (MP). All the biopesticides significantly reduced the GPB larval population. The Pooled GPB population varied from 2.30 to 2. 50 larvae/plant during Rabi season one day prior tothe first spray. The population was significantly lower with Bacillus thuriengiensis var kurstaki 5% WP, followed by Ha NPV 250 LE, Baeuveria bassiana 1% WP, Metarhizium anisopliae 1.0% WP and Azadiractina 1% (1000ppm) Neem oil, these five biopesticides are showing best management effects on the GPB larvae and pod damaging per cent and remain, and least effective treatment was Verticillium lecanii 1.15% WP. The maximum reduction of larval population and pod damaging per cent. In Rabi season, the highest chickpea grain yield was obtained with Bacillus thuriengiensis var kurstaki at 5% WP.
A review of the nutritional properties of ragi (Eleusine coracana L.)
Authors: Yadav Babita
Published: April 2023

Ragi, also known as Eleusine coracana according to its scientific name, is a type of cereal grown annually and mostly produced in tropical areas of Asia and Africa, such as Ethiopia, Sri Lanka and India. The nutritional and physiological benefits of Ragi, as well as its application in meals with added value, are investigated in this article. Ragi, also known as Mandau, is a kind of millet that is extensively cultivated in a number of places across India and Africa. It has the same amount of protein as rice (around 6–8%) and about the same amount of fat (about 1-2%), but it has a higher concentration of minerals and micronutrients than rice and wheat. in terms of its nutritional value, it has a high concentration of calcium (344 mg per 100 g), dietary fiber (15–20%), and phenolic compounds (0.3–3%). These essential amino acids, such as isoleucine, leucine, methionine, and phenyl alanine, can only be found in very little starchy foods. It is also known to provide a number of health advantages, such as antitumorigenic, anti-diabetic, and atherosclerogenic properties, which are mostly related to the fact that it contains dietary fiber and polyphenols. Due to the fact that it is a native short millet, it is utilized in the creating variety of culinary products in its usual and malted forms. The grains of this millet are crushed into flour, which may then be used to produce a wide range of foods and snacks. These foods and snacks include various puddings, pancakes, cookies, roti, bread, noodles, and other products that are quite similar to each other. In addition to this, it may be malted and then used as a meal that is healthy for newborns. Additionally, it is regarded to be a nourishing diet for persons who have diabetes. Ragi is loaded with a wide variety of nutrients, making it an excellent food choice for improving digestion, lowering the risk of cardiovascular disease, preventing premature ageing, and lowering diabetes.
Hyposensitizing effect of high altitude and immunogenetic law
Authors: Galiev R. S. , Droblenkov A. V.
Published: April 2023

The studies were carried out in 24 sexually mature male guinea pigs. They were used as model of immediate-type allergic reaction (active cutaneous anaphylaxis). The animals were divided in 2 groups: control and experimental. The control group was housed in the mountain valley during the study, and the experimental group stayed for 45 days in high mountains (Anzob, 3375 m above sea level). On the day +30, all animals were sensitized with horse serum. On the 12th day of sensitization, blood was taken for analysis, and on the 15th day, an allergic reaction was provoked. We have revealed that, under high-altitude conditions, the severity of reaction was 1.5 times lower than in controls. Moreover, the animals kept in highlands exhibited lower contents of T and B lymphocytes, and IgE antibodies than in the control group. On the contrary, the numbers of phagocytically active neutrophils, as well as total effect of phagocytosis, proved to be higher in this group. This shift may be facilitated by hypoxia, since aerobic processes are known to prevail in the energy metabolism of lymphocytes, and anaerobic processes dominate in neutrophils. The allergic conditions are developed in three stages. Immunological stage is the first and main one, and allergic restructuring of the body immunity largely depends on it. What is the matter of reconstruction under the high-altitude conditions? We suggest, that, along with Haeckel–M ller biogenetic rule, there is also an immunogenetic law: “The activation sequence of events in the body’s defense system is a reproduction of phylogenesis, i.e., switching of subsequent link in defense system follows the evolutionary principles of complication and improvement. Namely, with respect to failing of previous link to completely eliminate the antigen in defense system”. One may conventionally consider that the first protective barrier against antigens is the most evolutionarily ancient structure, i.e., skin and mucous membrane; the second represents factors of nonspecific defense (phagocytosis, lysozyme, interferon, etc.); the third barrier is presented by cellular immunity (T effector cells, etc.), with humoral immunity serving as the fourth barrier. The fifth protective barrier provides evolutionarily late defense, i.e. allergic reaction, which is triggered by Ig E antibodies. On the mentioned basis, one may state that the decreased allergic reaction (the 5th barrier) in the animals from the experimental group was caused by adaptive changes in protective mechanisms of body. One may suggest that, under the high-altitude conditions an increase was observed in functional activity of phagocytes (2nd barrier), along with a decrease in activity of lymphocytes, i.e., cell populations responsible for the evolutionary later protective barriers.
Immunomodulatory properties of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
Authors: Sysoeva G. M. , Gamaley S. G. , Esina T. I. , Danilenko E. D.
Published: April 2023

Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a myelopoietic growth factor that exerts pleiotropic effect not only on the differentiation of immature progenitor cells into polymorphonuclear neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells, but also controls the functioning of differentiated cells. GM-CSF is currently being investigated in clinical trials as an immunomodulator and adjuvant. However, a wide range of biological activities and, sometimes, paradoxical effects of this cytokine require more thorough studies of its action, in order to predict its efficacy under different conditions of immunotherapy. In this work, we have studied the effect of recombinant human GM-CSF on metabolic activity of mouse peritoneal exudate cells in primary cell cultures. Metabolic (redox) activity of the cells was assessed by their ability to reduce nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) in the course of MF- and Fc-dependent phagocytosis triggered by addition of opsonized zymosan, or sheep erythrocytes to the culture medium. We have shown the dose-dependent stimulatory effect of GM-CSF on the oxidative metabolism of phagocytic peritoneal macrophages and neutrophils. Upon culturing the pepton-elicited cells at wide range of GM-CSF concentrations (5 to 40,000 ng/mL) for 2 and 24 hours, a more pronounced effect of the substance was observed for neutrophils. The GM-CSF preparation caused a significant increase (by 13-17%) in the redox activity of neutrophils induced by opsonized zymosan that persisted at a low dose range, and was retained after 24 hours. The stimulatory effect of GM-CSF on macrophages with NBT index increase by 16% was observed in the short-term cultures. In general, the elicited cells of both types showed a more pronounced response to lower concentrations of GM-CSF (5-125 ng/mL), and weaker effect at higher doses of the preparation. A similar dependence was found when studying the resident macrophages. Culturing of resident cells with GM-CSF at the doses of 5,000 to 40,000 ng/mL for 24 hours caused a significantly increased redox activity of the cells induced by zymosan, or sheep erythrocytes (by 33-52%). In both cases, the maximal response was detected at a dose of 5,000 ng/mL and decreased with increasing dose. The stimulatory effect of GM-CSF upon resident macrophages was more pronounced as compared to elicited cells, which was characterized by the prolonged period of cell activation (up to 24 hours of culture). The data obtained are of interest, in view of prospective usage of GM-CSF as a component of immunomodulatory and adjuvant therapy for various infectious diseases.
Neutrophilic granulocytes in the patients with burn injury
Authors: Pivovarov L. P. , Osipova I. V. , Ariskina O. B. , Orlova O. V.
Published: April 2023

Severe burn injury (BI) is accompanied by disturbed microcirculation, water-electrolyte and acidbase imbalance within 2-3 days after the accident, and the development of toxemia within 4-12 days. The severity of toxemia depends on the area and depth of the lesion, resorption of tissue decay products, and development of a systemic inflammatory response syndrome. In the patients suffering with deep BI sepsis, it develops in 15% of cases. Pathogenesis of critical conditions is related to the functional activity of myeloid cells, including neutrophilic granulocytes (NG). Тhe determination of NG’s dysfunctions in patients with BI is important, both for prediction of septic complications and administration of rational therapy. The aim of our work was to study the functions of neutrophils in patients with severe BI and to determine early predictors of burn-associated sepsis. The study involved 53 patients with severe BI at the mean age of 43 years (32 to 52); the area of damage was 43% (17 to 63) of the body surface, with deep-burn area of 17 (13 to 27) %. The severity of BI was assessed using the Frank index, at the average value of 74 conventional units (62 to 89). Тwo groups of patients were identified: 24 persons without sepsis, and 29 people with sepsis and severe sepsis. The studies were carried out upon admission, on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 10th , and 20th day of the burn disease. We determined the numbers of NGs expressing CD18+, CD14+, defensin+; serum contents of soluble defensins (sDеf), IL-6, IL-8 levels (ELISA); procalcitonin, as well as luminol-mediated spontaneous аnd induced NG chemiluminescence. Тhe results of this study showed a relationship between the amounts of NGs containing antimicrobial peptides, contents of NGs expressing CD18+ adhesion molecules, activation of oxidative metabolism, IL-6 overproduction, and development of sepsis in patients with burn injury, as well as with severity of burn trauma.
Study of humoral immunity indices for assessing physical exhaustion in sports
Authors: Myagkova M. A. , Petrochenko S. N. , Bobrova Z. B. , Orlova E. A. , Krylov A. S. , Moseikin I. A.
Published: April 2023

Studies of real opportunities for physical skills of athletes sufficiently depend on their adaptive potential for increasing physical loads. Extreme physical and psychoemotional loads may lead to overwork and decreased physical ability in professional sportsmen. These adaptation processes are regulated by the main biochemical systems of the body. A special role belongs to the factors of humoral immunity, i.e., natural antibodies, which are a component of innate immunity. They circulate in blood of healthy persons in absence of obvious antigenic stimulation. Analytical techniques for measuring the level of natural antibodies that reflect the state of the system of endogenous bioregulators involved into the molecular mechanisms of adaptation process have been developed. An important role among them is played by the regulators of the opioid system β-endorphin and orphanin. The biochemical and immunological parameters were determined in 10 athletes active in figure skating (Master of Sports), whose average age was 16±0.4 years, and sport experience of 9±1 years. The duration of the study was divided into 5 stages and was 62 days. During the dynamic observations in the course of intensive training, no clear shifts in biochemical parameters were revealed towards adaptation stress and delayed recovery. The level of natural antibodies to orphanin and beta-endorphin was measured in the athletes blood serum by ELISA techique. It is found that each athlete is characterized by individual immune profile. At the initial stage of the examination, the level of antibodies to beta-endorphin was within normal ranges, except for its decrease in one athlete. The level of antibodies to orphanin in majority of cases was higher than normal, probably, due to inhibitory control of the pain signal. Further study in time dynamics revealed that the immunological parameters, natural antibodies to opioid peptides, change in accordance with the state of adaptation resources in the athletes. These indexes reflect psycho-emotional potential and pain tolerance threshold for athletes from the start of training and throughout the entire period. Therefore, from a prognostic point of view, it is important to monitor the content of natural antibodies to beta-endorphin and orphanin in athletes in the course of training. Such individual monitoring of the athlete’s immunological indices allows us to select a more effective, personal training program.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF SEISMIC IMPACTS ON THE STATE OF STRUCTURES AND ROCKS. OVERVIEW OF THE REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Zlobin Ya. A. , Kashtanova K. D. ,   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Mironova L. I. ,   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Belyaeva Z. V. ,   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia
Published: April 2023

The relevance of the article is due to the low awareness of the population about the possible consequences of an earthquake, as well as ways to prevent and prevent it already at the stage of designing a construction site. The article provides a comparative analysis of Russian and European design standards, which made it possible to identify their advantages and disadvantages. In addition, as a result of a review of Russian and foreign literature, an analysis was made of the development of scientific ideas about the stress-strain state of the geological environment as a result of seismic impacts. Based on the prerequisites set out in the text of the article, options for adjusting the maps of seismic activity of the territories are proposed. As a result of the analysis of the scientific literature, it was concluded that the behavior of soils and structures of buildings and structures during strong earthquakes remains poorly understood and is not always well described by existing mathematical models.
RENOVATION OF THE GREEN SPACES OF THE DVORYANSKOE GNEZDO (NOBLE NEST) ENSEMBLE IN YEKATERINBURG
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Kudrina T. A. , Maltseva I. N. ,   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia
Published: April 2023

In the article, the authors analyze the Dvoryanskoe Gnezdo residential quarter, located in the Uralmash district of the city Yekaterinburg, and the surrounding area from the point of view of sustainable development. Using the methodology of the Danish architect Jan Gale, the problems of the complex are identified according to twelve criteria and options for their solutions are proposed. The article proposes a conceptual solution for the improvement of the adjacent territory, taking into account accessibility for all population groups. In conclusion, recommendations and proposals are given that are necessary to improve the quality of life on the territory of the residential complex and the importance of preserving the housing stock of the first half of the 20th century.
FUNCIONALIDAD FAMILIAR Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA AUTOESTIMA EN ADOLESCENTES DE LA CIUDAD DE AMBATO
Authors: Albán Víctor Manuel Pilco , Zambrano Ana Elizabeth Jaramillo
Published: April 2023

En las últimas décadas la familia ecuatoriana ha experimentado ausencia parental, divorcios, crisis económica y la pandemia COVID-19, conflictos que han alterado la interacción y salud mental de los miembros del hogar y afectado la autoestima de los adolescentes. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la relación entre el funcionamiento familiar y la autoestima. Se utilizó un muestreo no probabilístico que incluyó a 285 estudiantes. La investigación se fundamentó en un paradigma pos-positivista, con diseño no experimental, de modalidad cuantitativa, con un alcance descriptivo-correlacional y de corte trasversal. Los datos se recogieron mediante el cuestionario de Funcionamiento Familiar FF-SIL y la escala de Autoestima de Rosemberg. Entre los principales hallazgos se encontró que el 42,5 % provienen de familias moderadamente funcionales y el 36,1 % poseen disfuncionalidad familiar. En tanto, el 36.1 % posee una autoestima baja mientras que el 34,4% una autoestima media. La funcionalidad familiar se relacionó de forma positiva con la autoestima (r=,553; p<0,05), es decir, conforme aumenta o disminuye el funcionamiento familiar también lo hace la autoestima en los adolescentes.
Laboratory assessment of rubber grid-reinforced ballast under impact testing
Authors: Siddiqui A. R. , Indraratna B. , Ngo T. , Rujikiatkamjorn C.
Published: April 2023

This study presents the use of rubber grids (RGs) fabricated from end-of-life conveyor belts (i.e. discarded from the mining industry) to improve the performance of ballast tracks. The square apertures of these recycled rubber sheets were cast using a waterjet cutting process. A series of large-scale impact tests were performed on ballast specimens stabilised with three different grids of varied effective area ratios (KA.eff) to evaluate their effectiveness in mitigating the applied impact forces, in relation to both displacement and breakage of the ballast aggregates. Smart Ballast particles with motion-sensing capabilities were adopted to monitor the interaction between the grid and ballast assembly. The impact test results indicate that the inclusion of a RG decreases the deformation and breakage of ballast as well as reduces its vibrations. This study demonstrates that these recycled RGs with optimum effective area ratios can be more effective than conventional polymer geogrids, apart from the obvious environmental benefits.
A oes gan athroniaeth rôl mewn ysgolion?
Authors: Klibavicius Darius
Published: April 2023

Mae’r papur hwn yn mynd i’r afael â mater addysgu athroniaeth mewn addysg gynradd, uwchradd ac ôl-uwchradd/trydyddol a photensial ei gynnwys yng nghwricwla ysgolion yng Nghymru. Roedd y data ar gyfer yr ymchwil empirig hon yn deillio o astudiaeth dulliau cymysg yn cynnwys data ansoddol (cyfweliadau lled-strwythuredig, n=12) a meintiol (arolwg ar-lein, n=163). Cynhyrchodd dadansoddiad ystadegol disgrifiadol ar gyfer data meintiol a dadansoddiad thematig ar gyfer data ansoddol dystiolaeth sy’n awgrymu bod athrawon yn gweld athroniaeth yn fwy fel rhan annatod o bynciau eraill ac fel dull o ddysgu yn hytrach nag fel pwnc academaidd arwahanol. At hynny, ystyrir athroniaeth yn bennaf fel rhan o’r tri Maes Dysgu a Phrofiad canlynol: Dyniaethau, Iechyd a Lles ac Ieithoedd, Llythrennedd a Chyfathrebu. Mae’r erthygl felly yn ystyried cwmpas cymwysiadau ymchwil a goblygiadau i ymarferwyr addysgol a llunwyr polisi.