bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Prevalence and Psychological Relation of Problem Shopping: Data from a Large-Scale Sample from Turkey
Authors: Ünübol Başak , Ünsalver Barış Önen , Ünübol Hüseyin , Sayar Gökben Hızlı
Published: October 2021

Background:The purpose of the present study was to comprehensively examine the measurement aspects, the prevalence, and the psychological correlates of problem shopping among a large-scale national sample of Turkish adults. Result: Participants (N = 24380, 50% men, M age = 31.79 years, age range = 18 to 81 years) completed a questionnaire that comprised the Shopping Addiction Risk Questionnaire, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised. Results showed that 1.8% of the participants had probable shopping addiction. Being female, being younger, psychiatric distress, positive affect, negative affect, anxious attachment, and avoidant attachment were positive correlates of problem shopping.Conclusion: The results of this large sample size study suggest that shopping addiction is not a rare condition in Turkey. Further research is needed to understand different motives that underlie the problematic shopping behavior in the young and female population in comparison to older and male populations. Preventive programs or any interventions for people with SA needs to address regulation difficulties and development of healthy strategies to cope with psychiatric distress.
Association of the RASS Score With Intensity of Symptoms, Discomfort, and Communication Capacity in Terminally Ill Cancer Patients Receiving Palliative Sedation: Is RASS an Appropriate Outcome Measure?
Authors: Imai Kengo , Morita Tatsuya , Yokomichi Naosuke , Mori Masanori , Naito Akemi Shirado , Yamauchi Toshihiro , Tsukuura Hiroaki , Uneno Yu , Tsuneto Satoru , Inoue Satoshi
Published: October 2021

BackgroundPalliative sedation is sometimes needed for refractory symptoms, and the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) is one of the key measures. The primary aim of this study was to explore the association between the RASS score and degree of distress quantified by other measures: Support Team Assessment Schedule, item 2 (STAS), Discomfort Scale for Dementia of Alzheimer Type (Discomfort Scale), and Non-communicative Patient’s Pain Assessment Instrument (NOPPAIN), as well as a communication capacity measured by the Communication Capacity Scale, item 4 (CCS).MethodsThis was a prospective observational study on terminally ill cancer patients who received continuous infusion of midazolam to relieve refractory symptoms in a palliative care unit of a designated cancer hospital. Primarily responsible palliative care physicians rated RASS, Discomfort Scale, NOPPAIN, and CCS just before starting infusion, and 1 hour, 4 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours after midazolam infusion, and ward nurses rated STAS at the same time. Since the ward nurses regularly evaluated STAS to titrate midazolam during palliative sedation as routine work, we regarded STAS rated by ward nurses as a standard of distress measure.ResultsA total of 249 assessments were performed for 55 patients. The RASS score was moderately to highly associated with symptom intensity measured by STAS, discomfort measured by the Discomfort Scale, and pain measured by NOPPAIN (r = 0.63 to 0.73). On the other hand, communication capacity measured by CCS is not parallel with the RASS score, and demonstrated a valley-shape. In 82 assessments with RASS of -1 to -3, 11 patients (13%) were regarded as having physical symptoms of STAS of 2 or more.Conclusions﻿RASS can roughly estimate physical distress in patients receiving palliative sedation, but a measure to more precisely quantify the symptom experience is needed.
Implementing a Peer-to-peer, Self-management Intervention for Young People with Depression and Anxiety in Denmark
Authors: Lauridsen Sigurd , Nielsen Maj Britt Dahl , Kusier Amalie , Cloos Camilla Øst , Jensen Marie Pil , Andersen Susan , Thygesen Lau , Folker Anna Paldam
Published: October 2021

BackgroundDepressive and anxiety disorders share major risk factors and can often be effectively prevented or treated with similar interventions. However, less than half of young people with mental health problems seek professional help and hence innovative approaches to support this group are needed. To this end, Coping with Anxiety and Depression, a peer-to-peer and group-based psycho-social programme aimed at improving self-efficacy and self-management among adolescents with symptoms of anxiety and depression, shows promise.The aim of this paper was to evaluate the implementation of Coping with Anxiety and Depression for young people aged 15-25 years showing symptoms of anxiety and/or depression in a Danish community setting. MethodsTo evaluate the implementation of the programme, we collected quantitative and qualitative data simultaneously and subsequently we triangulated it in the data analysis. We conducted semi-structured interviews in seven case municipalities and carried out a baseline and post-intervention survey. Interview data was coded via an inductive and deductive analysis approach. Survey data was analysed via descriptive statistics in the statistical software programme STATA 16.ResultsThe evaluation showed that the implementation of the programme is feasible, and that most participants (76%) were satisfied with the programme to a high/very high extent. In total, 78% of the participants reported that it was advantageous that instructors themselves had experience with anxiety and depression. Qualitative data showed that the participants were very positive about the group format that allowed them to meet other people with similar challenges. Thus, while this paper has not addressed the effectiveness of the programme, our findings suggest that it can be implemented in a way that is useful and beneficial for young people.ConclusionCoping with Anxiety and Depression constitutes a feasible peer-to-peer, group-based community programme that is well-received by its target group. Participants appreciate that the instructors of the programme have personal experience with anxiety and/or depression and were in general satisfied with the programme. Recruitment and retention of participants and instructors is challenging but doable.
Amitriptyline Accelerates SERT Binding Recovery Rate in MDMA-Induced Rat Model: In Vivo 4-[18F]-ADAM PET Imaging
Authors: Yeh Skye Hsin-Hsien , Chiu Chuang-Hsin , Kuo Yu-Yeh , Tsai Chi-Jung , Yu Tsung-Hsun , Huang Wen-Sheng , Ma Kuo-Hsing
Published: October 2021

Background Numerous studies have confirmed that 3, 4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) produces long-lasting changes to the serotonergic system and decreases the density of the serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT). However, amitriptyline (AMI) is a potent neuroprotector that can cause devastating neuropathologic injury. Use of 4-[18F]-ADAM, a SERT-specific radionuclide as a molecular imaging agent, facilitates longitudinal, non-invasive assessment of SERT activity/expression post-MDMA. We used 4-[18F]-ADAM PET imaging to access the longitudinal alteration of SERT binding and evaluate the synergistic neuroprotective effect of MDMA and SERT inhibition by AMI in rat model.Materials and Methods The adult male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats are grouped into four according to drug administration (Group 1: saline, Group 2: MDMA 10mg/kg i.p., Group 3: MDMA 10mg/kg i.p. with AMI 5 mg/kg i.p., Group 4: AMI 5 mg/kg i.p.). All drugs were administrated twice daily for 4 successive days (Day 1 to Day 4). Post-drug 4-[18F]-ADAM PET scans were performed on day 14, day 21 and day 28 to measure the SERT occupancy/recovery. After the last PET imaging, SERT-positive cells were measured quantitatively using immunochemical staining.Results In response to MDMA treatment regimens, SERT binding was significantly reduced in rat brain. Recovery rate (normalized to baseline) in the MDMA group, at day 14 was 64.34% ± 2.05%, progressively increased to 70.70% ± 3.96% at day 28. Recovery rate in the MDMA group varies based on region-specific. AMI dramatically increased SERT binding in all brain regions, enhancing average ~24% recovery rate at day 14 when compared with the MDMA group (MDMA 64.34% ± 2.05% vs. MDMA+ AMI 87.76% ± 2.98%), reaching 84.38% ± 2.05% at day 28. The immunochemical staining revealed that MDMA treatment reduced SERT immunoactivity densities in all brain regions, whereas AMI markedly increased the serotonergic fiber density after MDMA-induction that confirmed the PET findings.Conclusions Using in vivo longitudinal PET imaging, we demonstrated that SERT recovery was positively correlated with the duration of MDMA abstinence, implying the lower SERT densities in MDMA-induced rats reflected neurotoxic effects, varied region-specific, and reversible. AMI globally accelerated the recovery rate of SERT binding and increased SERT fiber density with possible neuroprotective effects.
Inflammatory Cytokines and Sarcopenia in Iranian Adults-results from SARIR Study
Authors: Asoudeh Farzaneh , Dashti Fatemeh , Raeesi Shima , Heshmat Ramin , Bidkhori Mohammad , Jalilian Zahra , Hashemi Rezvan
Published: October 2021

Background
Some studies emphasize the effects of inflammatory cytokines in reducing muscle mass and muscle strength and performance. This study aimed to compare pro-inflammatory cytokines in sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic subjects.
Method
The present study used data from the "Sarcopenia and its Determinants Among Iranian Elders" (SARIR) study. Three hundred men and women aged ≥ 55 years old who lived in the 6th district of Tehran were selected using random cluster sampling. We measured all components by using standard protocols, in addition we defined sarcopenia based on former and new European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) guidelines. A fasting blood sample was taken from each participant to measure serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs- CRP), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα).
Results
Mean age and body mass index (BMI) of study participants were 66.7 ± 7.7 years and 27.3 ± 4.2 kg/m2, respectively. Thirty-one participants of the present study had the criteria of EWGSOP2-sarcopenia. A statistically significant difference was seen between normal and abnormal groups of muscle strength in hs-CRP (p-value =0.04). Furthermore, we did not observe a remarkable association between inflammatory biomarkers including IL-6, TNF-α and hs-CRP and risk of sarcopenia even after controlling for plausible confounders (OR: 1.15; 95% CI 0.31-4.28, OR 0.68; 95% CI 0.17-2.77 and OR 2.39; 95% CI 0.87-6.55).
Conclusion
We found that inflammatory biomarkers level was not considerably associated with odds of sarcopenia. Lack of correlation between inflammatory cytokines and sarcopenia could be due to participant’s age and genetic. Future studies are required to confirm these findings.
The Influence of Orange Essential Oil on Mechanical, Chemical, and Antibacterial Properties of Cellulose Nanofibers Containing Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Phan Duy-Nam , Khan Muhammad Qamar , Van Chuc Nguyen , Vu Manh-Hai , Dao Anh-Tuan , Thao Phan Thanh , Nguyen Ngoc-Mai , Le Van-Tuan , Ullah Azeem , Khatri Muzamil , Kim Ick-Soo
Published: October 2021

This study demonstrates a controllable release properties and synergistic antibacterial actions between orange essential oil and silver nanoparticles incorporated onto cellulose nanofibers. The preparation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) attached on cellulose nanofibers was conducted through multiple processes including the deacetylation process to transform cellulose acetate nanofibers to cellulose nanofibers, the in-situ synthesis of AgNPs, and the coating of as-prepared silver composite cellulose nanofibers using orange essential oil (OEO) solutions with two different concentrations. The success of immobilization of AgNPs onto the surface of cellulose nanofibers and the incorporation of OEO into the polymer matrix was confirmed by SEM-EDS, TEM, XRD, and FTIR characterizations. The tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young’s modulus of the nanofibers after each step of treatment were recorded and compared to pristine CA nanofibers. The high antibacterial activities of AgNPs and OEO were assessed against gram-positive B. subtilis and gram-negative E. coli microorganisms. The combination effects of two antimicrobials, AgNPs and OEO, were distinctively recognized against B. subtilis.
Identification and Characterization of Circular RNAs in Longissimus Dorsi Muscle Tissue from Two Goat Breeds using RNA-Seq
Authors: Shen Jiyuan , Zhen Huimin , Li Lu , Zhang Yuting , Wang Jiqing , Hu Jiang , Liu Xiu , Li Shaobin , Hao Zhiyun , Li Mingna , Zhao Zhidong , Luo Yuzhu
Published: October 2021

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNA that play crucial roles in the development of skeletal muscle. However, little is known about the role of circRNAs in caprine skeletal muscle. In this study, the muscle fiber size and expression profiles of circRNAs were compared in Longissimus dorsi muscle of Liaoning cashmere (LC) goats and Ziwuling black (ZB) goats with significant phenotypic differences in meat production performance, using hematoxylin and eosin staining and RNA-Seq, respectively.Results: The muscle fiber size in LC goats were larger than those in ZB goats (P < 0.05). A total of 10,875 circRNAs were identified and 214 of these were differentially expressed between the two caprine breeds. The authentication and expression levels of 20 circRNAs were confirmed using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and DNA sequencing. The parent genes of differentially expressed circRNAs were mainly enriched in connective tissue development, Rap1, cGMP-PKG, cAMP and Ras signaling pathway. Some miRNAs reportedly associated with skeletal muscle development and intramuscular fat deposition would be targeted by several differentially expressed circRNAs and the most highly expressed circRNA (circ_001086).Conclusion: These results provide an improved understanding of the functions of circRNAs in skeletal muscle development of goats.
Dynamical Regulations On Mobility and Vaccinations To Control Covid19 Spread
Authors: Rajakaruna Mevan , Rajakaruna Harshana , Rajakaruna Rupika
Published: October 2021

Using a system of time-dynamical equations, we investigate how daily mobility indices, such as homestay above the pre-Covid normal (H%; or H-forcing), and cumulative vaccinations (Vc%; or V-forcing) impact the net reproductive rate (R0) of COVID19 in ten island nations as a prototype, and then, extending it to 124 countries Worldwide. Our H- and V-forcing model of R0 could explain the new trends in 106 countries. The disease transmission can be controlled by forcing down R0(H, Vc) < 1 with enforcement of continuous H > 40% in 91% of countries with 0% vaccinated plus recovered, Vp. The required critical H% decreases with increasing Vp%, dropping it down to 20% with 25% Vp, and further down to 8% with 50% Vp. However, the regulations on H% are context-dependent and country-specific. Our Model is useful in forecasting and controlling the disease spread when the effectiveness of the vaccines is a concern due to new variants, and/or delays in vaccination rollout programs.
Hypo-perfusion and hyper-resistance affect different cognitive functions
Authors: Hoshi Hideyuki , Shigihara Yoshihito
Published: October 2021

Cognitive impairment and dementia are conventionally categorised according to their causative disease, such as Alzheimer's disease and cerebrovascular disease. Cognitive impairments of different aetiologies often share pathological cerebral blood circulation patterns, characterised by perfusion and resistance. Here, we show that these two features are associated with distinct types of cognitive impairment. Using carotid ultrasonography, we evaluated the circulation status of individuals with little to no subjective cognitive symptoms. We assessed individuals’ cognitive status using the Frontal Assessment Battery for executive function and Mini-Mental State Examination for learning and memory. Regression analysis showed that the hyper-resistance and hypo-perfusion components predicted the Frontal Assessment Battery and Mini Mental State Examination scores, respectively. These results are consistent with previous findings of hyper-resistance being associated with atherosclerosis, which disproportionately affects the frontal lobe and contributes to executive function impairments; meanwhile, hypo-perfusion disproportionately affects temporal lobe functions associated with learning and memory. We propose a novel concept that cognitive impairments fall into two subtypes regardless of the brain disease: hyper-resistance and hypo-perfusion subtypes. As these subtypes can be measured noninvasively and are treatable, this distinction would help design preventive and therapeutic strategies for dementia.
Random Sampling of the Protein Data Bank - RaSPDB
Authors: Carugo Oliviero
Published: October 2021

A novel and simple procedure (RaSPDB) for Protein Data Bank mining is described. 10 PDB subsets, each containing 7000 randomly selected protein chains, are built and used to make 10 estimations of the average value of a generic feature F – the length of the protein chain, the amino acid composition, the crystallographic resolution, and the secondary structure composition. These 10 estimations are then used to compute an average estimation of F together with its standard error. It is heuristically verified that the dimension of these 10 subsets –7000 protein chains – is sufficiently small to avoid redundancy within each subset and sufficiently large to guarantee stable estimations amongst different subsets. RaSPDB has two major advantages over classical procedures aimed to build a single, non-redundant PDB subset: a larger fraction of the information stored in the PDB is used and an estimation of the standard error of F is possible.
RNA N6-methyladenosine Reader IGF2BP2 Promotes Lymphatic Metastasis and Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition of Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma Cells via Stabilizing Slug mRNA in an M6A-dependent Manner
Authors: Yu Dan , Pan Min , Li Yanshi , Lu Tao , Wang Zhihai , Liu Chuan , Hu Guohua
Published: October 2021

Background: Lymph node metastasis is the main cause of poor prognosis of head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification is an emerging epigenetic regulatory mechanism for gene expression, and as a novel m6A reader protein, IGF2BP2 has been implicated in tumor progression and metastasis. However, not much is currently known about the functional roles of IGF2BP2 in HNSCC, and whether IGF2BP2 regulates lymphatic metastasis through m6A modification in HNSCC remains to be determined. Methods: The expression and overall survival (OS) probability of m6A-related regulators in HNSCC were analyzed with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and GEPIA website tool, respectively. The expression levels of IGF2BP2 were measured in HNSCC tissues and normal adjacent tissues. To study the effects of IGF2BP2 on HNSCC cell metastasis in vitro and in vivo, gain- and loss- of function methods were employed. RIP, MeRIP, and luciferase reporter and mRNA stability assays were performed to explore the epigenetic mechanism of IGF2BP2 in HNSCC. Results: We investigated 20 m6A-related regulators in HNSCC and discovered that only the overexpression of IGF2BP2 was associated with a poor OS probability and an independent prognostic factor for HNSCC patients. Additionally, we demonstrated that IGF2BP2 was overexpressed in HNSCC tissues, and significantly correlated to lymphatic metastasis and poor prognosis. Functional studies have shown that IGF2BP2 promotes both HNSCC cell migration as well as invasion via the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in vitro, and IGF2BP2 knockdown significantly inhibited lymphatic metastasis and lymphangiogenesis in vivo. Mechanistic investigations revealed that Slug, a key EMT-related transcriptional factor, is the direct target of IGF2BP2, and essential for IGF2BP2-regulated EMT and metastasis in HNSCC. Furthermore, we demonstrated that IGF2BP2 recognizes and binds the m6A site in the coding sequence (CDS) region of Slug and promotes its mRNA stability. Conclusions: Collectively, our study uncovers the oncogenic role and potential mechanism of IGF2BP2, which serves as a m6A reader, in controlling lymphatic metastasis and EMT in HNSCC, suggesting that IGF2BP2 may act as a therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker for HNSCC patients with metastasis.
Age is the Main Determinant of COVID-19 Related in-Hospital Mortality with Minimal Impact of Pre-Existing Comorbidities: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Authors: Henkens M.T.H.M. , Raafs A.G. , Verdonschot J.A.J. , Linschoten M. , Smeden M. van , Wang P. , Hooft B.H.M. van der , Tieleman R. , Janssen M.L.F. , Bekke R.M.A. ter , Hazebroek M.R. , Horst I.C.C. van der , Asselbergs F.W. , Magdelijns F.J.H. , Heymans S.R.B. , consortium the CAPACITY-COVID collaborative
Published: October 2021

Background: Age and comorbidities increase COVID-19 related in-hospital mortality risk, but the extent by which comorbidities mediate the impact of age remains unknown. Methods: In this multicenter retrospective cohort study of 45 Dutch hospitals, 4,806 proven COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Dutch hospitals (between February and July 2020) from the CAPACITY-COVID registry were included (age 69 [58-77] years, 64% men). The primary outcome was defined as a combination of in-hospital mortality or discharge with palliative care. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the associations between sex, age, and comorbidities with in-hospital mortality. The effect of comorbidities on the relation of age with in-hospital mortality was evaluated using mediation analysis.Results: In-hospital COVID-19 related mortality occurred in 1,108 (23%) patients, 836 (76%) were aged ≥70 years (70+). Both age 70+ and female sex were univariably associated with outcome (odds ratio [OR]4.68, 95%confidence interval [4.02-5.45], OR0.68[0.59-0.79], respectively; both p<0.001). All comorbidities were univariably associated with outcome (p<0.001), and all but dyslipidemia remained significant after adjustment for age70+ and sex. The impact of comorbidities was attenuated after age-spline adjustment, only leaving female sex, diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (COPD) significantly associated (female OR0.65[0.55-0.75], DM OR1.47[1.26-1.72], CKD OR1.61[1.32-1.97], COPD OR1.30[1.07-1.59]). Pre-existing comorbidities in older patients negligibly (<6% in all comorbidities) mediated the association between higher age and outcome.Conclusions: Age is the main determinant of COVID-19 related in-hospital mortality, with negligible mediation effect of pre-existing comorbidities.Trial registration: CAPACITY-COVID (NCT04325412).
Unmet Need For Family Planning Among Married Women In Sub-Sahara Africa: A Meta-Analysis of DHS Data (1995 – 2020)
Authors: Phiri Million , Odimegwu Clifford , Kalinda Chester
Published: October 2021

Background: Closing the gap of unmet needs for family planning (FP) in sub-Saharan Africa remains critical in improving maternal and child health outcomes. Determining the prevalence of unmet needs for family planning among married women in the reproductive age is vital for designing effective sexual reproductive health interventions and programmes. Here, we use nationally representative data drawn from sub-Saharan countries to estimate and examine heterogeneity of unmet needs for family planning among currently married women of reproductive age. Methods: This study used secondary data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted between January 1, 1995 to December 31, 2020 from 37 countries in sub-Saharan African. An Inverse Heterogeneity model (IVhet) in MetaXL application was used to estimate country and sub-regional level pooled estimates and confidence intervals of unmet needs for FP in SSA. Results: The overall prevalence of unmet need for family planning among married women of reproductive age in the sub-region for the period under study was 22.9% (95% CI: 20.9–25.0). The prevalence varied across countries from 10% (95% CI: 10–11%) in Zimbabwe to 38% (95% CI: 35–40) and 38 (95% CI: 37–39) (I2 = 99.8% and p-value < 0.0001) in Sao Tome and Principe and Angola, respectively. Unmet needs due to limiting ranged from 6%; (95% CI: 3–9) in Central Africa to 9%; (95% CI: 8–11) in East Africa. On the other hand, the prevalence of unmet needs due to spacing was highest in Central Africa (Prev: 18; 95% CI: 16–21) and lowest in Southern Africa (Prev: 12%; 95% CI: 8–16). Our study indicates that there was no publication bias because the Luis Furuya-Kanamori index (0.79) was within the symmetry range of -1 and +1. Conclusion: The prevalence of unmet need for FP remains high in sub-Saharan Africa suggesting the need for health policymakers to consider re-evaluating the current SRH policies and programmes with the view of redesigning the present successful strategies to address the problem.
Distribution of FFRCT in Single Obstructive Coronary Stenosis and Predictors for Major Adverse Cardiac Events: A Propensity Score Matching Study
Authors: Jin Xianglan , Jin Xiangyu , Wu Xiaoyun , Chen Luguang , Wang Tiegong , Zang Wangfu
Published: October 2021

Background: Fractional flow reserve derived from computed tomography (FFRCT) has been demonstrated significantly improved identification of lesion-specific ischemia compared with coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). It remains unclear the distribution of FFRCT values in obstructive stenosis between patients who received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or not in routine clinical practice, as well as its association with clinical outcome. This study aims to reveal the distribution of FFRCT value in patients with single obstructive coronary artery stenosis, and explored the independent factors for predicting major adverse cardiac events (MACE). Methods: This was a retrospective study of adults with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome undergoing FFRCT assessment by using CCTA data from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2020. Propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to account for patient selection bias. The risk factors for predicting MACE were evaluated by a Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Results: Overall, 655 patients with single obstructive (³ 50%) stenosis shown on CCTA were enrolled and divided into PCI group (376 cases) and conservative group (279 cases) according to treatment. The PSM cohort analysis demonstrated that the difference in history of unstable angina, CCSC and FFRCT between PCI group (188 cases) and conservative group (315 cases) was statistically significant, with all P values < 0.05, while the median follow-up time between them was no statistically significant (24 months vs 22.5months, P = 0.912). The incidence of MACE in PCI group and conservative group were 14.9% (28/188) and 23.5% (74/315) respectively, P = 0.020. Multivariate analysis of Cox proportional hazards regression revealed that history of unstable angina (adjusted odds ratio (adjOR), 3.165; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.087-4.800; P < 0.001), FFRCT £ 0.8 (OR, 1.632;95% CI, 1.095-2.431; P = 0.016), and PCI therapy (OR, 0.481; 95% CI, 0.305-0.758) were the independent factors for MACE. Conclusions: History of unstable angina and FFRCT value of £ 0.8 were the independent risk factors for MACE, while PCI therapy was the independent protective factor for MACE.
Symptom locus and symptom origin incongruity in runner’s dystonia. – case study of an elite female runner
Authors: Ogasawara Issei , Hattori  , Revankar  , Konda Shoji , Uno M.S. Yuki , Nakano  , Kajiyama  , Mochizuki  , Nakata
Published: October 2021

Objectives: Runner's dystonia is a task specific dystonia that occurs in the lower limbs and trunk, with diverse symptomatology. We aimed to identify the origin of a dystonic movement abnormality using combined three-dimensional kinematic analysis and electromyographic (EMG) assessment during treadmill running. Participant: A twenty-year-old female runner who complained of right-foot collision with the left-leg during right-leg swing-phase, that mimicked right-ankle focal dystonia. Results: Kinematic and EMG assessment of her running motion was performed which showed a significant drop of the left pelvis during right-leg stance-phase, and a simultaneous increase of right hip adductor muscle activity. This resulted in a pronounced adduction of the entire right lower limb with respect to the pelvis segment. Trajectories of right-foot were seen to encroach upon left-leg area. Discussion: These findings suggested that the symptom of this runner was most likely a form of segmental dystonia originating from an impaired control of hip and pelvis, rather than a distal focal ankle dystonia. Conclusion: We conclude that, for individualized symptom assessment, deconstructing the symptom origin from its secondary compensatory movement is crucial for characterizing dystonia. Kinematic and EMG evaluation will therefore be a prerequisite to distinguish symptom origin from secondary compensatory movement.
Maclaurin's series expansions of real powers of inverse (hyperbolic) cosine functions and applications
Authors: Qi Feng
Published: October 2021

In the paper, by means of the Faa di Bruno formula, with the help of explicit formulas for special values of the Bell polynomials of the second kind with respect to a specific sequence, and by virtue of two combinatorial identities containing the Stirling numbers of the first kind, the author establishes Maclaurin's series expansions for real powers of the inverse cosine function and the inverse hyperbolic cosine function. By applying different series expansions for the square of the inverse cosine function, the author not only finds infinite series representations of the circular constant Pi and its square, but also derives two combinatorial identities involving central binomial coefficients.
Influence of Liquid Inclusions to Explosive Instability of Ice
Authors:   Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Georgy S. Bordonskiy
Published: October 2021

The influence of the nuclei of the liquid phase arising during mechanical deformations of polycrystalline ice at temperatures below -40 ... -45 C on its explosive instability is considered. The nucleus of the liquid phase appear in ice when part of the hydrogen bonds are broken when high pressure is applied to ice crystals. The resulting clusters can have characteristics close to those of bulk metastable water. It is known that such water in the region of negative temperatures has anomalous thermodynamic characteristics. In particular, at a temperature of -60 C and a pressure of 100 MPa, there is a second critical point of water for the liquid-liquid transition. It was found that the transition occurs between the two types of water LDL (low density water) and HDL (high density water), with the Widom line coming out into the one-component region of the water phase diagram. This line is the locus of increased fluctuations in entropy and density. Near atmospheric pressure, the temperature on the Widom line is -45 C. If the pressure inside the ice and its temperature turn out to be close to the line of coexistence of LDL and HDL, then liquid inhomogeneities can become a source of mechanical instability of the medium due to the growth of fluctuations in the energy of molecules and destruction of the ice structure. Such conditions can occur at temperatures below -45 C and pressures above 100 MPa.
Methods of Measuring Radiation Spectra in a Laboratory Workshop on Physics and Research
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Anatoly P. Druzhinin , Tatyana V. Kuzmina ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: October 2021

The authors single out the formation of research skills as one of the most important aspects of teaching students of higher educational institutions in the areas of engineering and technical profile. As part of a laboratory workshop in physics, students acquire professional skills in research and technological fields. In this paper, we consider the method of measuring the radiation spectra of various light sources, which the authors propose to use when setting up laboratory work in physics. The conditions of the experiment are described and the scheme of the working installation is given. Measurements of the radiation spectra are carried out using a monochromator and a photodetector pre-graded in terms of transmission and spectral sensitivity.Examples of the emission spectra of a green LED, a red semiconductor laser and a fluorescent lamp measured by the considered method are given. Recommendations of such experiments are given when conducting laboratory work and research work of students. The proposed method of performing laboratory research will help students acquire skills in working with spectral measuring equipment, teach them not only to measure and build the emission spectra of light sources, but also to calculate the spectral width of the gap at which the spectra were measured and to estimate measurement errors.
Planning Methods în Accumulated Geological-Field Data of Gas well Operation Modes
Authors:   North-Caucasus Research and Design Institute of Natural Gases, Vladimir A. Tolpaev , Kurban S. Ahmedov ,   North-Caucasus Research and Design Institute of Natural Gases
Published: October 2021

The development of new gas and gas condensate fields in a complex external geopolitical environment for the Russian Federation requires the development of methods for selecting the optimal modes for the operation of gas wells. The mathematical apparatus and computational algorithms, which allow, based on accumulated geological and field information, to calculate the long-term dynamics of the flow rates of gas producing wells under the conditions of using potentially possible operating modes are considered. Prediction of long-term dynamics of gas production well rates in practice is necessary for long-term planning of gas production, optimal distribution of productivity between the gas processing unit in the gas gathering network of the enterprise, and the formation of pre-design options for the development of gas deposits. In other words, planning methods based on the accumulated geological and production data of gas well operation modes are needed in order to select from a variety of possible technological modes of operation those that will ensure the optimization of the gas production plan in an unstable economic environment.
A new species of Paramyopa Kröber (Diptera: Conopidae) from South Africa
Authors: Stuke Jens-Hermann
Published: October 2021

Paramyopa clementsi spec. nov. (Diptera, Conopidae) is described from South Africa (Northern Cape), and its diagnosis from the two other known species of this Afrotropical genus is set out.

Nomenclatural acts

Paramyopa clementsi spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zooank.org:act:28720591-141E-46D8-AFDA-3922BCE0BD48
Class II division 1 malocclusion treatment with extraction of maxillary first permanent molars: cephalometric evaluation of treatment and post-treatment changes
Authors: Booij Johan Willem , Kuijpers-Jagtman Anne Marie , Bronkhorst Ewald M. , Rangel Frits A. , Livas Christos , Ren Yijin , Katsaros Christos , Ongkosuwito Edwin M.
Published: October 2021

Objective

To investigate the cephalometric outcome and post-treatment changes following the orthodontic treatment involving the extraction of maxillary first molars in patients presenting with a Class II division 1 malocclusion.

Methods

A retrospective longitudinal study was conducted involving 83 patients treated by fixed appliances and the extraction of 16 and 26. The mean age at commencement was 13.2 ± 1.5 years. Lateral cephalograms were available pre-treatment (T1), immediately post-treatment (T2), and at 2.6 years post-treatment (T3). The sample was divided into hypodivergent (n = 18), normodivergent (n = 17), and hyperdivergent (n = 48) facial types. Mean increments, standard deviations, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for T2–T1 and T3–T2. Increments were tested using paired-samples t-tests, and variables between groups by applying ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Linear regression was used to examine the effect of facial type, age, and gender.

Results

Significant changes occurred during treatment for most cephalometric variables. Post-treatment, the growth pattern showed a tendency to return to the original form. Facial type had only a minor influence on cephalometric increments during and after treatment.

Conclusions

Post-treatment skeletal, soft tissue, and dentoalveolar changes were limited. Facial type had only a minor influence during and after treatment and care must be taken to control lower incisor inclination.
Investigation of in vitro Enzyme Inhibitory Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Moltkia coerulea (Willd.) Lehm. (Boraginaceae) Growing in Raman Mountain - Batman
Authors: KAPLAN Alevcan
Published: October 2021

The province of Batman is located in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey, and it is significant in terms of its ecosystem and plant biological diversity. Recently, researching economically important plant species has become a necessity in the province. In this context, while the members of the Boraginaceae genus have found a wide application area in traditional medicine in many countries from ancient times until today, they have been used for many purposes in Turkey. Most of the members of this family are medically important plants containing secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, fatty acids, glycosides, phytosterols, and various proteins. Moltkia coerulea (Willd.) Lehm. is found Anatolia, Lebanon and Crimea. This study aimed to determine the enzyme inhibition and antioxidant activity of M. coerulea (Willd.) Lehm, which has not been studied before, and grows in the untouched Raman Mountain in Batman. α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition results of methanolic (MeOH) and aqueous (Aq) extracts of M. coerulea were calculated as acarbose equivalents (ACAEs/g extract). Tyrosinase inhibition results of MeOH and Aq extracts of M. coerulea were calculated as kojic acid equivalent (mmol KAEs/g extract). Additionally, the extracts were tested against the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) free-radical to analyze their antioxidant activity. The highest antioxidant activity was found in the leaf extract (MeOH) as 61.2 % with for the DPPH• method. These results showed that M. coerulea could be used as a potential source of natural antioxidant.
THE CAUSES AND IMPLICATION OF DELAYED PASSAGE OF 2018 BUDGET ON THE NIGERIAS ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND GROWTH PLAN
Authors:   Department of Accounting, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto State-Nigeria., Yusuf Yahaya , Yusuf Hanga Bilyaminu ,   Department of Accountancy, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola-Adamawa State-Nigeria.
Published: October 2021

The study utilized descriptive techniques in the assessment of the impact of sectoral allocations of Nigerias 2018 annual budget on selected macroeconomic variables of GDP growth rate, Exchange rate, Inflation, Oil prices, Oil production, Debt servicing among others and the 2016 Nigerias Economic Recovery and Growth Plan (ERGP). We identified some gray areas in the budget, budget padding, constitutional lacuna, non-compliance with fiscal responsibility Act, late preparation and consideration of medium-term expenditure framework, political face-off between the National Assembly and the executive, lack of patriotism as the causes of the long delay in the consideration and passage of the 2018 budget by the national Assembly. The study therefore recommends amendment of the 1999 constitution, sanctioning of erring Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) and deployment of ICT in budgeting tracking by civil society groups, communities and the general public.
THE EFFECT OF IN-SERVICE TRAINING, PEDAGOGIC COMPETENCY AND WORK CLIMATE ON TEACHER PERFORMANCE AT STATE ISLAMIC JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL (MTSN) OF SOUTH LAMPUNG
Authors:   Post-Graduate Program of Islamic Education Management Study Program, Raden Intan State Islamic University of Lampung, Indonesia., a Sugito , Syahril Sulthon ,   Post-Graduate Program of Islamic Education Management Study Program, Raden Intan State Islamic University of Lampung, Indonesia., Masykur Rubhan ,   Post-Graduate Program of Islamic Education Management Study Program, Raden Intan State Islamic University of Lampung, Indonesia., Cahaya Kesuma Guntur ,   Post-Graduate Program of Islamic Education Management Study Program, Raden Intan State Islamic University of Lampung, Indonesia., b Koderi ,   Post-Graduate Program of Islamic Education Management Study Program, Raden Intan State Islamic University of Lampung, Indonesia.
Published: October 2021

This study analyses the effect of In-Service Training, pedagogic competence, and work climate simultaneously on teacher performance at MTsN of South Lampung. The research method used was the quantitative method. The data were collected using questionnaires, interviews, observations, and documentation. The first results of this study indicated that based on the hypothesis test results, In-Service Training posed a significant effect on teacher performance with a t-critical value of 1.668, a t-observed value of 1.954, and the Sig. value of 0.004. Therefore, the t-observed value was greater than the t-critical value(1,954>1,668) and the Sig. value of 0.04 was less than 0.05. These results indicated that Ha was accepted. The second results of this study indicated that educational competence had a positive and significant influence on the performance of MTsN teachers in the South Lampung Regency. This result was supported by the t-critical value of 1.668, the t-observed value of 10.081, and the Sig. value of 0.00. Therefore, the t-observed value was greater than the t-critical value (10.081>1.668) and the Sig. value of 0.00 was less than 0.05, which means Ha was accepted. The third result showed that the work climate variable had a positive and significant effect on teacher performance at MTsN in South Lampung Regency with a t-critical value of 1.668, the t-observed value of 2.063 the Sig. value of 0.01. Therefore, the t-observed value was greater than the t-critical value (2.063<1.668) and the Sig. value of 0.01 was smaller than 0.05, which means Ha was accepted. The fourth result of this study indicated that the In-Service Training, pedagogic competence, and work climate had a simultaneous effect on teacher performance. The F-observed value evidences these results. Of 192.454, which was smaller than the F-critical value of 2.75 with a significance of 0.00.
DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN TEACHING AGRICULTURE AS A CORE PART OF T.L.E. IN THE PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLSIN GUINOBATAN, ALBAY
Authors:   Laguna State Polytechnic University., Mae P. Oraye Venus , B. Dy Roscefe ,   Bicol University College of Agriculture and Forestry.
Published: October 2021

This study was conducted to determine the difficulties encountered in teaching Agriculture as a core part of Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) in the Public Secondary Schools in Guinobatan, Albay. It discussed the profiles of 10 Agriculture teachers, the activities being conducted, the difficulties encountered, the extent of difficulty, the solutions applied by the teachers to address the difficulties encountered in line with classroom instruction and practical agriculture, and the proposed solutions to address the difficulties encountered. The study made used of questionnaire - checklist and rating scale as the instrument in data gathering. The data gathered were subjected to statistical analysis using frequency count, percentage and weighted mean to analyze the data obtained. The activities conducted by the Agriculture teachers during classroom instruction include oral recitation, paper and pencil test, and group activity. During practical agriculture, Horticulture teachers let their students plant crops but it was found out that none of them ever conducted soil sampling activity. For Animal Production, it was revealed that the activities conducted by the teachers were mere familiarization rather than actual demonstration of the subject. Moreover, teachers encountered numerous difficulties that serve as hindrances in their teaching profession. The difficulties they encountered during classroom instruction were the unavailability of resources, short time allotment, financial constraints and inability of the students to understand the lesson. On the practical agriculture, teachers encountered difficulties because of short time allotment, financial constraints in providing the needed materials to be used for hands-on laboratory, and lack of land, farm tools, equipment and facilities to support the practical aspects of the subject. As teachers, they applied solutions to address the difficulties encountered by consulting the principal/department head with regards to the unavailability of learning resources and farm resources. Teachers also used different teaching strategies so that slow learners can cope up in the class discussion and they extend time for hands-on laboratory.
COMMUNICATION CRISIS IN THE NEW MEDIA ERA DURINGTHE PANDEMIC-19 IN INDONESIA
Authors:   Research Scholar, Departement of Communication Studies, Indonesian Persada University YAI., Saleh Fahmi , Sri Gustiny Ditta ,   Research Scholar, Departement of Communication Studies, Indonesian Persada University YAI., A Supradaka ,   Research Scholar, Departement of Communication Studies, Indonesian Persada University YAI.
Published: October 2021

This study discusses the communication crisis during the Covid-19 pandemic, a study of the scope of the spread of Covid-19 through the air. This study uses the theory of SSCT (situational crisis communication theory) by Choombs, 2007. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative. The crisis that occurred at WHO could result in a loss of public trust in WHO as a trusted source of world health information, WHO proved wrong. Based on the understanding of crisis communication, the crisis of discrepancies in information conveyed by WHO regarding the spread of the corona virus through the air is an information crisis that occurs due to human error, where WHO is considered negligent in reviewing any information before it is conveyed to the public. Based on research, that society in general lacks peoples self-confidence so that they often get information through new media that they receive without finding out the truth, so that people only think about living during the covid-19 pandemic.
PERFECTIONOF CLASSIFICATION ACCURACY IN TEXT CATEGORIZATION
Authors:   Dept. of Computer Application Shri Ramswaroop Memorial Group of Professional Colleges Lucknow (India)., Tripathi Rajeev
Published: October 2021

Problems and strategies for text classification have already been known for a long time. Theyre widely utilised by companies like Google and Yahoo for email spam screening, sentiment analysis of Twitter data, and automatic news categories in Google alerts. Were still working on getting the findings to be as accurate as possible. When dealing with large amounts of text data, however, the models performance and accuracy become a difficulty. The type of words utilised in the corpus and the type of features produced for classification have a big impact on the performance of a text classification model.