bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“We Aren’t Only Here to Teach”: Caring Practices of Teachers in the Context of Inclusive Refugee Education in Jordan
Authors: Cohen Elisheva
Published: January 2023

This article examines the complex process of teachers’ care for students in contexts of inclusive refugee education in Jordan, where Syrian refugees and Jordanian students study together. I illustrate that while teachers’ caring practices represent efforts to support refugee students, they are limited by teachers’ inability to see the social, structural, and systemic power dynamics that restrict Syrian refugees, reifying unequal relations of power between refugees and nationals. National teachers are embedded in the social fabric of the societies in which they live and not impervious to the discriminatory attitudes towards refugees, thereby limiting the extent of their care. This article illuminates the complexity of inclusive refugee education and concludes with implications for teacher education and professional development.
Tıbbi Bitkilerde Bulunan Kaempferol’ün LPS ile İndüklenmiş THP-1 Makrofajları Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: YILDIRIM Metin
Published: January 2023

Giriş: İnflamasyon, immün sisteminin toksik bileşikler, hasarlı hücreler ve patojenlerinde içinde yer aldığı çeşitli faktörler ile tetiklediğinde verdiği biyolojik bir cevaptır. Tıbbi bitkilerden izole edilen etkin maddeler, inflamatuar hastalıkların tedavisinde yeni bir terapötik strateji olarak kullanılırken dikkatle seçilmelidir. Kaempferol tıbbi bitkilerde sebzelerde meyvelerde bolca bulunan bir polifenoldur. Kaempferol anti-kanser, anti-viral, anti-bakteriyel özelliklere sahiptir. Amaç: Bu çalışmada amaç LPS ile indüklenmiş THP-1 makrofaj hücrelerinde kaempferolün hücre canlılığı ve inflamasyonun tedavisi için yapılan çalışmalarda hedef molekül olan NO ve PGE2 düzeyleri üzerine etkisini incelemektir. Bulgular: 2022 yılında yapmış olduğumuz çalışmada LPS ile indüklenmiş THP-1 makrofaj hücrelerine 2,5, 5, 7,5, 10 µM konsantrasyonunda kaempferol uygulandı. Hücre canlılığı, PGE2 düzeyi ve NO üretimi incelendi. Farklı dozlarda kaempferol uygulaması THP-1 makrofaj hücrelerinde hücre canlılığını azaltmadığı belirlendi. Ayrıca LPS ile indüklenen THP-1 makrofaj hücrelerinde 2,5 µM kaempferol uygulaması % NO düzeyini ve 7,5 µM kaempferol uygulaması PGE2 düzeyini istatistiksel olarak anlamlı azaltmıştır. Tartışma ve sonuç: 7,5 µM kaempferol uygulaması makrofaj hücrelerinin proliferasyonu negatif etki göstermeyip hem NO düzeyini hemde PGE2 düzeni azaltıp iyi anti inflamatuvar etki göstermektedir.
Diversity of Medicinal Plants Used by the Local Communities of the Coastal Plateau of Safi Province (Morocco)
Authors: Lemhadri Ahmed , Achtak Hafid , Lamraouhi Abdessamad , Louidani Nabil , Benali Taoufiq , Dahbi Abdallah , Bouyahya Abdelhakim , Khouchlaa Aya , Shariati Mohammad Ali , Hano Christophe , Lorenzo Jose Manuel , Chen Jen-Tsung , Lyoussi Badiaa
Published: January 2023

Traditional herbal medicine is still used for basic healthcare by a significant portion of the population in developing countries. This study aimed to explore the medicinal plant’s diversity and to document related traditional knowledge in the Safi region of Morocco. We used semi-structured questionnaires to interview 222 informants living in the study area. To perform data analysis, we used quantitative indices like use value (UV), family use value (FUV), fidelity level (FL), the relative popularity level (RPL), rank of order priority (ROP), and informant consensus factor (ICF). We reported the ethnomedicinal uses of 144 medicinal plants belonging to 64 families. According to the findings, the dominating families were Lamiaceae (17 taxa), Asteraceae (15 taxa), and Apiaceae (12 taxa). The most commonly utilized plant part (48%) was leaves. The decoction was reported as the main preparation method (42%). Highly cited plant species were Marrubium vulgare (UV = 0.56), Salvia rosmarinus Spenn. (UV = 0.47), Thymus serpyllum (UV = 0.32), and Dysphania ambrosioides (UV = 0.29). Papaveraceae (FUV = 0.26), and Urticaceae (FUV= 0.23), Geraniaceae (FUV = 0.17), Oleaceae (FUV = 0.17), Lamiaceae (FUV = 0.17) had the highest family use-values. Gastrointestinal disorders (88%), respiratory diseases (85%), and anemia (66%) have the greatest ICF values. This study reveals the indigenous people’s reliance on plant-derived traditional medicine to prevent, alleviate, and treat a broad range of health concerns. Our findings will provide a scientific basis for ethnomedicinal legacy conservation and further scientific investigations aimed at new natural bioactive molecules discovery.
Neuroinflammation in Bilirubin Neurotoxicity
Authors: Zhang Fanhui , Chen Lihua , Jiang Kewen
Published: January 2023

Bilirubin neurotoxicity is a serious consequence of hyperbilirubinemia, which is the most common disease of the neonatal period. Clinically, bilirubin neurotoxicity can result in motor deficit, auditory dysfunction, cerebral palsy, seizure and neurodevelopmental diseases, amongst others. Bilirubin neurotoxicity is one of the major worldwide causes of neonatal brain injury, especially in poorer developing countries. However, the mechanisms of bilirubin neurotoxicity are still unclear. After the failure of attempts targeting neurons in many neurodegenerative disorders, neuroinflammation has become a significant target of research. Here, recent advances concerning neuroinflammation in bilirubin neurotoxicity are reported with a focus on the clinical characteristics of bilirubin neurotoxicity, including age-dependency, region-specificity and its yin-yang properties. Effects of neuroinflammation on blood brain interfaces and treatments targeting neuroinflammation in bilirubin neurotoxicity are also reviewed, which may promote the precision of future treatment of bilirubin neurotoxicity.
Efficacy of Deep Brain Stimulation for Camptocormia in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Fuli , He Lili , Zhao Hecong , Guo Xiaoyan
Published: January 2023

Background: Camptocormia is one of the most common postural disorders of Parkinson’s disease (PD) which has limited treatment options. In this review, we summarize the efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for camptocormia in PD. Methods: The PubMed (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) and EMBASE databases (https://www.embase.com/) were searched for the terms “Parkinson Disease” and “camptocormia” in combination with “deep brain stimulation”. We then explored the efficacy of DBS for camptocormia by statistical analysis of the bending angle, the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale III (UPDRS-III) and L-dopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD), and by evaluating the prognosis after DBS. Results: Twenty articles that reported results for 152 patients were included in this review. These comprised 136 patients from 16 studies who underwent subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS), and 13 patients from 3 studies who underwent globus pallidus internus deep brain stimulation (GPi-DBS). One study used both STN-DBS (2 patients) and GPi-DBS (one patient). After 3–21 months of follow-up, the mean bending angle during the Off-period was significantly reduced compared to pre-DBS (31.5 ± 21.4 vs. 53.6 ± 22.7, respectively; p < 0.0001). For the STN-DBS trials, the mean post-operative bending angles during both Off- and On-periods were significantly reduced compared to pre-operative (32.1 ± 22.7 vs. 55.4 ± 24.1, p = 0.0003; and 33.1 ± 21.5 vs. 43.7 ± 20.6, p = 0.0003, respectively). For GPi-DBS, the mean bending angle post-DBS during the Off-period was considerably lower than pre-DBS (28.5 ± 10.7 vs. 42.9 ± 9.9, p < 0.001). The decrease in bending angle after DBS was negatively correlated with the duration of camptocormia (R = – 0.433, p = 0.013), whereas positively associated with the pre-bending angle (R = 0.352, p = 0.03). Conclusions: DBS is an effective treatment for camptocormia in PD. Patients in the early stage of camptocormia with more significant bending angle may benefit more from DBS.
Effects of Electrical Remodeling on Atrial Fibrillation in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Qian Ling-ling , Liu Xiao-yu , Li Xiao-yan , Yang Fan , Wang Ru-Xing
Published: January 2023

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common arrhythmias in medical practice. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation. The increased morbility of atrial fibrillation in diabetes mellitus is related to both structural and electrical remodeling of atrium. Based on studies of atrial electrophysiological changes in diabetes mellitus, this article focuses on the electrical remodeling of atrial cardiomyocytes, including remodeling of sodium channels, calcium channels, potassium channels and other channels, to provide the basis for the clinical management of antiarrhythmic drugs in diabetic patients with atrial fibrillation.
An Automatic System for Crop Monitoring and Culture Based on IoRT
Authors: Dang Khoa Phan Tran , Thanh Vu Van
Published: January 2023

The development of automated farming systems in precision agriculture has been attracting increasing research interest. In this paper, we present an automatic system for crop culture and monitoring based on the Internet of RoboticThings (IoRT). The system includes: an agricultural farming robot with built-in object detection block based on deep learning to locate and classify plant and weed in the image; a device that monitors the parameters of the soil and air environment. The information from the robot and the monitoring device is combined to help the robot determine the right way to take care of the plants. Technical solutions for each component of the system are fully proposed, implemented and evaluated. The experimental results show that the robot is capable of detecting objects with high accuracy; monitoring equipment operates stably; suitable robot design, allowing precise movement of the actuator to any position in the field of view.
On the Relativity of Information in a Discrete Space Lattice Evolving in Atomic Instants
Authors: Capurso Alessandro
Published: January 2023

We elaborate on the compatibility of a Presentism perspective with Special Relativity. Specifically, we first introduce a description of evolution in present instants and connect it with the recent studies on the discreteness of time and space. Then, to interpret time dilations and length contractions in Presentism, we consider the perspective of a free particle. From a finite information density, we describe how a discrete, relational, and relativistic spacetime emerges from the sampling of information in a 3D imaginary space lattice evolving in atomic present instants.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Depression Among the Undergraduate Students Learning Online During the Covid-19 Pandemic: The Gender-Based Analysis
Authors: Mariana Ana , Hadianto Bram , Nur Nur , Karen Karen
Published: January 2023

This investigation attempts to verify the difference in generalized anxiety disorder and depression among undergraduate students learning online during the COVID-19 pandemic based on gender. Moreover, to accomplish this aim, this study utilizes 271 undergraduate students with batches 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021 in the management department at the Business Faculty of Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, as the samples. The survey to obtain the students' data was from September until October 2021. Besides, the data are analyzed by the difference examination. After examining their response by independent samples t-test, this study demonstrates that females have higher generalized anxiety disorder and depression levels than males.
A single nucleotide variant on chromosome 1 residing within CAMSAP2 distinguishes patients with normal-like breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2023

Molecular subtypes including the normal-like subtype drive patient outcomes in human breast cancer but the biological basis underlying subtype-specific disease is not completely understood (1-4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to discover in an unbiased fashion the most distinguishing genetic and transcriptional features of tumors of each breast cancer molecular subtype. We identified a single nucleotide polymorphism, rs10920046, residing within CAMSAP2, as among the most significant genetic differences in the tumors of patients with normal-like breast cancer. In a separate cohort of patients with normal-like subtype breast cancer, we observed transcriptome-wide differential expression of a CAMSAP2 transcript. Analysis of patient survival data revealed that CAMSAP2 primary tumor expression was correlated with recurrence-free survival in patients with basal-like breast cancer. Sequence variation in the CAMSAP2 gene may be important in understanding differences in genetic background that favor development of normal-like subtype human breast cancer.
Artificial Intelligence-Predicted Impact of Sequence Variants on Post-Translational Protein Modifications in MAP Kinase Kinases MAP2K1/2 in Rasopathies
Authors: Sobko Alex
Published: January 2023

We characterized dynamic localization, PTMs and activities of MAP2K1/2 homologue in social slime mould Dictyostelium (DdMEK1), in which MAP kinase pathways play central role in directional cell migration (chemotaxis) and development. DdMEK1 is subject to SUMOylation and Ubiquitination in response to chemoattractant stimulation. We also identified SUMO-directed RING finger Ubiquitin ligase, which forms a complex with SUMOylated DdMEK1 and ubiquitinates this protein kinase. Specific lysine residue in DdMEK1, modified by SUMO, was mapped, and SUMOylation-deficient mutant was characterized and shown to affect DdMEK1 subcellular localization, cell motility and multicellular development. More recently, MAP2K1 SUMOylation was demonstrated in mammalian cells and the mutation eliminating MAP2K1 SUMOylation was shown to be associated with cancer phenotype. These mutations can be associated with de novo and inherited neurodevelopmental syndromes called Rasopathies, that exhibit the defects in cell proliferation, growth, and invasiveness. We applied machine learning Artificial Intelligence (AI) modeling approach developed by the laboratory of Dr. Jüri Reimand PhD, OICR Informatics and Biocomputing, to characterize and validate disease-associated mutations that affect MAP2K1/2 PTMs (https://activedriverdb.org). Certain sequence variants in MAP2K1/2 genes identified in the patient’s biobank samples world-wide were predicted to affect MAP2K1/2 SUMOylation and/or Ubiquitination. In our ongoing and future work, we set to study patient-derived IPSC-based, and non-transformed cells engineered to possess particular mutations in order to examine how individual mutations in MAP2K1/2 genes affect kinase localization, activity and PTMs (SUMOylation, Ubiquitination). We plan to apply base/prime CRISPR gene editing strategies (“PTM modifiers”) in order to eliminate those sequence variants that affect MAP2K1/2 SUMOylation and/or Ubiquitination and characterize cellular phenotypes.
An elite burial of the early Scythian period from the Chinge-Tey I kurgan: preliminary publication and research perspectives
Authors:   The State Hermitage Museum, Chugunov Konstantin , Sutiagina Natalia
Published: January 2023

The article summarizes the materials of an elite burial discovered in Tuva in 2022. Grave 9 was the first burial, which was be explored under the ground structure of the Chinge-Tey I mound. A chamber with a transverse ceiling and a wooden floor was preserved at a depth of more than 4 m. It was not touched by robbers. A clay layer was founded between the crushed logs. A young man was buried here in the funeral pose typical for the Aldy-Bel culture. Despite of the total destruction of all organic materials thanks for the location of the golden items, it was possible to trace the decor and size of the man’s funeral suit and status items (pectoral, earring, and comb). The presence of a set of bronze arrowheads preserved part of the leather quiver, which were decorated with the gold overlays. There were found an iron weapon with golden appliqués and a whetstone in the burial. The most unexpected find was a completely preserved glass bowl. This object indicates some cultural relations with the distant western regions of the steppe belt and the centers of civilization. A preliminary analysis of the material allows us to date the grave to the middle of the 6th century BC — the time of transformation of the early Scythian Period traditions.
The features of the Сalchaqui ceramic vessels: technology of producing and ornamentation
Authors:   Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (the Kunstkamera) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dmitrenko Lyubov
Published: January 2023

The problem of the interplay between manufacturing technology, vessel construction elements and surface treatment often attracts the attention of archaeologists studying ancient ceramics. The MAE RAS collection includes a number of ceramics vessels obtained during excavations of the La Paya site (province of Salta, northwest Argentina). The settlement was founded by the Diaguita-Calchaqui Indians at the end of the first millennium and existed in 9–16 centuries AD. An important part of this archaeological complex was excavated at the beginning of the 20th century by the Argentine archaeologist, founder and first director of the Ethnographic Museum in Buenos Aires, J. B. Ambrosetti. The most part of the La Paya complex was presented by hand-molded ceramic vessels, which were a characteristic part of Calchaqui’s funeral rituals. Burials in cists were found within the stone wall surrounding the site, as well as in the territory of the necropolis adjoining it from the west. The ceramic complex of La Paya consists of a significant number of bowls, characterized by a high level of morphological diversity. Bowls of different shapes were made either as independent vessels or as components of complex forms. At the same time, the funerary urns and the bowls associated with them have a stable pattern of ornamentation. In the article the data on technology of manufacturing and ornamentation of the La Paya vessels is presented and some historiographical and mythological subjects, which can be useful for understanding new features of construction and ornamentation of the Calchaqui ceramic bowls and burial urns, are analyzed.
Road traffic deaths and injuries in Kathmandu
Authors: Kuikel Jyoti , Aryal Bhagwan , Bogati Tilak , Sedain Bhagabati
Published: January 2023

Road accidents account for the eighth leading cause of death for all ages in the world. The roads in Nepal are one of the most dangerous in the world, putting road users at greater risk, due to geographical and human causes. Pedestrians, motorbikes, and cyclists are the most vulnerable road users in the Kathmandu Valley. This paper aims to describe the trend of road traffic deaths and injuries in Kathmandu from the perspective of a safer road user policy. A descriptive retrospective study was done based on the information provided by the Metropolitan Traffic Police on road traffic crashes. In the study, the data on road traffic crashes, injuries, and deaths from all types of vehicles over five successive years were obtained from Traffic Police Office, Kathmandu in March-November, 2020 whereas, all the existing national road safety policies and strategies were collected from secondary data. The collected data were analyzed through MS Excel and represented in tables, bar diagrams, and pie charts. From the five successive years’ trend on road traffic injuries and deaths in Kathmandu, it was analyzed that the number of road traffic accidents in FY 2019/20 was 1.5 times higher than in 2018/19. The fatality rate increased to 0.4 per 100,000 population in FY 2019/20 where the fatality of the male population was higher than that of females and the majority of them were of the age group 16-35 years. The death and injury ratio was calculated which showed that the ratio was higher in FY 2019/20 indicating mild injuries and 2 severe injuries. The main causes of traffic accidents were road user negligence, speeding, and overtaking operations. In conclusion, the majority of the young population is prone to be at risk of road traffic accidents and deaths which are preventable.
Remote Sensing and GIS Application in Landslide Risk Assessment and Management
Authors: Pathak Dinesh
Published: January 2023

Small as well as large scale landslides are common in the Himalayas, especially in the monsoon period. This natural disaster occurs in all the physiographic divisions of the Himalayas. Landslide is the result of a wide variety of processes which include causative and triggering factors. A complete landslide hazard assessment requires an analysis of these factors leading to instability in the region. Therefore, there is a need of multidisplinary studies of landslide hazards, which combines geology, hydrogeology and, geomorphology. The landslide risk is directly associated with the development activities, which will increase with increasedurbanization and development, continued deforestation in landslideprone areas, increased precipitation and seismic activity. In order to reduce the landslide risk, it is necessary to understand the underlying the processes, study the impact of landslides on the socioeconomic development of the affected areas, prepare landslide hazard zonation maps to minimize the risk involved in developmental schemes, evolve a methodology for mitigation and control measures, monitor change in land use pattern and landslide occurrence, establishing early warning system and development landslide 'databank' on national level and identify potential landslides zones and prepare population maps of the critical areas.
Consultative Meeting on Metadata Clearinghouse and National Geoinformation Infrastructure Networking: A Report
Authors: Chhatkuli Raja Ram , Sigdel Mahendra Prasad , Paudyal Dev Raj
Published: January 2023

N/A
PENGARUH SUBSTITUSI TEPUNG KACANG TUNGGAK (Vigna unguiculata L.) DAN TEPUNG KACANG HIJAU (Vigna radhiata) TERHADAP MUTU KIMIA, MUTU GIZI, DAN MUTU ORGANOLEPTIK BISKUIT SEBAGAI PMT IBU HAMIL KEK
Authors: Oktavia Deby Prestia Indah , Razak Maryam , Pudjirahaju Astutik
Published: January 2023

Prevalensi KEK pada ibu hamil tahun 2013 secara nasional sebesar 24,2Persen dan menurun menjadi 17,3Persen pada tahun 2018.   Meskipun terjadi penurunan, prevalensi  tersebut masih tergolong tinggi dibandingkan target Arah Kebijakan dan Rencana Aksi Program Kesehatan Masyarakat Tahun 2020 sampai 2024, yaitu 10Persen.  Salah satu penanggulangan ibu hamil KEK adalah dengan pemberian makanan tambahan berbahan dasar terigu.  Diversifikasi pangan lokal diperlukan untuk mengurangi akan ketrgantungan pangan import.  Tepung kacang tunggak dan kacang hijau memiliki kadar protein dan zat besi yang tinggi.  Namun, dalam hal ini kacang tunggak tidak disukai dari sifat sensori rasa yaitu pahit.  Sedangkan, kacang hijau memiliki sensori yang baik yaitu gurih dan nutty.Untuk menganalisis pengaruh substitusi tepung kacang tunggak dan tepung kacang hijau terhadap mutu kimia, mutu gizi, dan mutu organoleptik biskuit sebagai PMT ibu hamil KEK. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental dengan desain penelitian Rancangan Acak Lengkap RAL. Semakin tinggi proporsi kacang tunggak maka semakin tinggi kadar protein, lemak, dan vitamin C. Sedangkan semakin tinggi proporsi tepung kacang hijau maka semakin tinggi kadar karbohidrat, zat besi, dan nilai energi.  Semakin tinggi proporsi tepung kacang tunggak semakin menurun tingkat kesukaan terhadap mutu organoleptik dan semakin meningkat proporsi tepung kacang hijau maka semakin meningkat tingkat kesukaan terhadap mutu organoleptik.Substitusi tepung kacang tunggak dan tepung kacang hijau memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat kesukaan panelis  warna dan tekstur.  Substitusi tepung kacang tunggak dan tepung kacang hijau memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap mutu kimia dan mutu gizi biskuit.  Taraf Perlakuan P3 merupakan taraf perlakuan terbaik.
Menu Variation, Food Waste, and Nutrient Sufficiency Level of Female Student at Islamic Boarding School
Authors: Cerdasari Carissa , Prameswari Nawang Yudha
Published: January 2023

Background: The menu at Islamic boarding school often not varied, as a consequence it can increase food waste and reduce the level of nutritional adequacy in female students. A further impact, female students may become undernutrition and at risk of experiencing health problems such as anemia which has long-lasting effects on adult health. Objective:This study was aimed to describe menu variations, food waste, and the level of nutritional adequacy of female students at the HM Lirboyo Islamic Boarding School, Kediri Regency. Design: This cross-sectional study, involved 11 female students. Respondents assessed menu variations using Likert scale from not at all varied to very varied. Food waste was assessed using the Visual Comstock form, and the level of nutritional adequacy was assessed using food recall 3x24h compared to nutritional needs. Results: The menu was assessed by respondents as varied (73%) and very varied (27%), and for food waste, majority of students (91%) left little food. However, 100% students have very less energy and nutrients sufficiency. Conclusion: Even though there was little food left, the level of energy and nutrient sufficiency was still deficit. This showed the lack of availability of food served by Islamic boarding school.
Childhood adversities and post-military-service incarceration in a male UK Armed Forces Veteran sample from Northern Ireland
Authors: McGlinchey Emily , Armour Cherie
Published: January 2023

LAY SUMMARY

Experiencing stressful or traumatic events in childhood has been linked with negative outcomes later in adulthood, one of which is involvement with the criminal justice system. This study explored whether there was a relationship between experiencing stressful life events in childhood and incarceration in adulthood (post-military service) among UK Armed Forces Veterans based in Northern Ireland (NI). Some individuals may experience only one type of adversity, some may experience many types of adversities, and others may experience no adversity. This study used a statistical technique (latent class analysis) that allowed the authors to explore how adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) varied among a sample of UK Armed Forces Veterans residing in NI. It revealed four groups of Veterans, each characterized by different types of experiences in childhood. The authors explored whether belonging to these groups increased the likelihood of incarceration, finding that those who experienced multiple adversities were at greater risk of incarceration after military service. Personnel involved in the care and support of military personnel should consider military personnel’s history of multiple ACEs.
HACIA EL COLAPSO (MEDIOAMBIENTAL, ECONÓMICO Y POLÍTICO)
Authors: Enríquez Román Javier Antonio , Hernando Cuñado Jorge
Published: January 2023

Esta investigación examina el concepto de colapso desde una perspectiva institucional. El colapso es entendido como el deterioro progresivo de las instituciones, el estado de bienestar y las ideologías en un contexto de deterioro y agotamiento de los recursos naturales y el medio ambiente. El artículo estudia este concepto a través de tres campos: medioambiental, económico y político, todos interrelacionados.
revisión sistemática exploratoria y la investigación formativa en traducción
Authors: Lévano Castro Sofía
Published: January 2023

En los últimos años observamos un número creciente de publicaciones, pero también la aparición de revistas depredadoras en las que la calidad de los trabajos de investigación no son los esperados. El boom por la publicación y productividad científica es positivo en la medida que muestra el interés de las instituciones por hacer investigación. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este artículo es buscar una metodología de investigación formativa que ayude a los investigadores noveles a incursionar en el mundo de la investigación científica en traducción, fundamentar sus estudios con enfoques teóricos sólidos y emplear metodologías adecuadas. Consideramos que la revisión sistemática exploratoria cumple con este fin y se presenta como una alternativa de investigación válida y eficaz para formar investigadores en el campo de los estudios descriptivos de la traducción y de la traductología.  Se concluye que la revisión sistémica cumple varias funciones entre las que se encuentra familiarizar al estudiante con la investigación en traducción en los diferentes niveles del plan de estudios, sistematizar corpus de trabajos de investigación, nacionales e internacionales, ser insumo para estudios aplicados y para el establecimiento de líneas de investigación existentes y por explorar, entre otros.
PRACTICAS DE LOS JÓVENES UNIVERSITARIOS EN TIEMPO DE PANDEMIA COVID-19. FAMILIA, EDUCACIÓN VIRTUAL Y EXPECTATIVAS DE FUTURO.
Authors: TASAYCO ARANA Dolores , BENITES MEDINA Marcela , LUQUE VELARDE Martha
Published: January 2023

La crisis sanitaria del COVID-19, es un fenómeno social que afecta todas lasdimensiones de la vida social, en ese sentido es importante conocer las prácticassociales de los jóvenes universitarios, en relación a la familia, la educación virtualy expectativas de futuro. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, la muestra estuvoconstituida por 345 estudiantes hombres y mujeres de la Universidad NacionalFederico Villarreal a quienes se aplicó un cuestionario, que captó informaciónsobre las variables en estudio. Los resultados señalan que la pandemia haafectado económicamente a sus familias, en la participación de las actividadesdel hogar se observa una tendencia que acelera el proceso de igualaciónde las relaciones de género de los jóvenes estudiantes, se muestra una altaincidencia comunicativa entre sus miembros. Los estudiantes se han adaptadoprogresivamente a la educación virtual, es decir cuentan en su gran mayoría conlos instrumentos tecnológicos existiendo un sector de estudiantes que carecende accesibilidad a las clases virtuales ya sea por deficientes equipos o falta deconectividad. En cuanto a expectativas de futuro, desean culminar su carrera,especializarse y expectativas de obtener mayores ingresos.
MUERTE, MEMORIA Y CENOTAFIOS EN LA AUTOPISTA PANAMERICANA NORTE ENTRE LIMA Y TRUJILLO
Authors: DE LA CRUZ VILLANUEVA Carlos A.
Published: January 2023

El siguiente articulo brinda un acercamiento a la comprensión de los cenotafioserigidos a los márgenes de la gran autopista Panamericana Norte, cuyo análisisfue desarrollado en el proyecto “Cenotafios en los caminos costeros del Perú.Observación y análisis histórico a los recordatorios mortuorios a los márgenes de lacarretera Panamericana Norte (Lima – Trujillo) 2021”, aprobado por la UniversidadRicardo Palma, el 24 de agosto de 2021 en el acuerdo de Consejo Universitario N°1668 - 2021- virtual. Este trabajo es una breve síntesis, que propone comprender,desde el espectro de la historia, una de las expresiones ante la muerte u homenajesa la perdida, desarrolladas en nuestra cotidianidad regional que recorre la carreteraPanamericana Norte entre las ciudades de Lima y Trujillo.
Optimizing NiCr Thermal Spray Coating with Process Map Methodology for High Temperature Power Plant Boiler Application
Authors: Oksa M. , Varis T. , Suhonen T. , Jokipii M.
Published: January 2023

Alloys with high amount of chromium are used for protection of power plant boilers against high temperature corrosion, especially heat exchanger surfaces, such as superheaters. Thermal spray coatings can be applied to low alloyed steel in order to enhance the lifetime of the cheap substrate material. In this study NiCr (50Ni49Cr1Fe) powder was sprayed with DJ Hybrid and CJS HVOF techniques, and the spraying process was optimized with process map methodology, including SprayWatch for measuring the temperature and velocity of the spray stream, and ICP (In-situ coating property measurement) for measuring the stress state. Different spraying parameters were applied in order to attain the best suitable coating characteristics for high temperature applications, such as high density and low oxidation stage. The coatings were analyzed e.g. by microscopic means and mechanical testing. The use of process optimization, process-structure- properties methodology, and following coating characteristics are presented.
Studies of Air Plasma Sprayed Thermal Barrier Coatings and Their Surface Roughness for Applications in Siemens Medium Size Gas Turbines
Authors: Li Xin-Hai , Heinze Sebastian , Brodin Håkan , Eriksson Robert
Published: January 2023

To understand performance of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) in various industrial applications of Siemens medium size gas turbines, effects of three types of thermal exposures i.e., high temperature isothermal exposure, thermal cycle fatigue (TCF) test, and burner rig test (BRT) on adhesion strength of an air plasma sprayed (APS) TBC have been studied and reported in this paper. It has been seen that the TBC adhesion strength is influenced by the type of thermal exposures differently. Together with a microscopic examination on TBC microstructures and fractography, a correlation between failure mechanisms and types of thermal exposures is discussed. In addition to the impact of various engine operation conditions on behavior of TBC, impacts of TBC surface roughness on turbine performance have also been evaluated. Surface profile and surface roughness on as-sprayed and polished TBC and cast metal (uncoated) have been measured and two different polishing methods have been compared. As a result, a requirement of TBC surface roughness and a preferable polishing method are suggested.
High Performance Aluminum Titanium Coatings for Anti-Slip Applications
Authors: Wixson D. , Barker S.
Published: January 2023

This paper presents the development of a solid homogeneous Aluminum Titanium Alloy wire which can produce, using conventional twin wire arc spray systems, a Thermal Sprayed Anti-Slip coating that will be effective in a range of applications and environments. In addition to its anti-slip characteristic the coating will also provide a hard wearing coated surface that provides corrosion protection to steel substrates. It will be shown that the macroscopically textured coating is extremely resistant to wear and maintains its anti-slip performance for a relatively long period even in high pedestrian traffic areas as assessed using the BS7976-2 2002 Pendulum Test method. Vehicle traffic applications will also be discussed. This paper will also demonstrate that the Aluminum Titanium Alloy has the same corrosion resistance as pure aluminum due to hard intermetallic particles within the alloy being chemically inert allowing this coating to be confidently used in environments in which TSA (Thermal Sprayed Aluminum) coatings are traditionally specified and used. Additionally the properties of the coatings are presented and compared to the wire feedstock to confirm the sprayed layer retains the required elements and all areas are equally durable.
HVOF Coating Case Study for Power Plant Process Control Ball Valve Application
Authors: Vernhes Luc , Lee David A. , Poirier Dominique , Li Duanjie , Klemberg-Sapieha J.E.
Published: January 2023

This case study is the result of an investigation on HVOF Cr3C2-NiCr coating failure of on-off metal seated ball valve (MSBV) used in supercritical steam lines in a power plant and solution. HVOF Cr3C2-NiCr coating is used to protect thousands of MSBVs without incident. However, in this case the valves are challenged with exposure to rapid high pressure and temperature variation resulting in a unique situation where the coating experiences cracking and cohesive failure. A detailed investigation was undertaken by Velan, Kennametal Stellite, the National Research Council of Canada and the Ecole Polytechnique to determine possible failure cause and develop solutions in which highlights are presented.
Effects of PTA Torch Selection on Microstructure and Performance of WC-MMC Overlays
Authors: Wolfe T. , Fisher G.
Published: January 2023

Minimizing wear of mining components in the oil sands industry is key to increasing productivity and decreasing excessive maintenance costs. A significant amount of research has gone into the selection of appropriate materials for improved wear protection. Tungsten carbide overlays are applied to the most critical components, typically by plasma transferred arc welding (PTA-W). This study aims at investigating the effects of several commercial PTA torches in terms of overlay microstructure and performance. A commercial tungsten carbide-NiCrBSi metal matrix composite (MMC) was used as the overlay material. A variety of parameters were studied when comparing the torches; including heat input, powder delivery, and deposition pattern. The effect of the overlay microstructure was examined using optical, digital and electron microscopy. The overlay performance was gaged using dry sand abrasion testing (ASTM G65-04). The type of torch, powder delivery method or power source did not have any significant effect on the quality or performance of the overlay in terms of microstructure or abrasion resistance.
Cold Spray Forming Inconel 718
Authors: Wong W. , Irissou E. , Legoux J.-G. , Bernier F. , Vo P. , Yue S. , Michiyoshi S. , Fukanuma H.
Published: January 2023

In this investigation, Inconel 718, a material known to cause nozzle clogging upon cold spraying, was cold spray formed to 6 mm-thick using the Plasma Giken cold spray system PCS- 1000. This was made possible due to the novel non-clogging nozzle material combined with a nozzle water cooling system. Coatings were as-spray formed using both nitrogen and helium as the propelling gasses. The resulting microstructures as well as the corresponding mechanical properties were studied. In addition, the effect of post-heat treatments was also investigated. It was found that for a given propelling gas used, the coating porosity level remained relatively similar (about 2.4% for nitrogen and 3.6% for helium) regardless of the coating treatment (as-sprayed or heat treated). Visual inspection from SEM micrographs showed a higher fraction of inter-particle metallurgical bonds for nitrogen gas sprayed coatings heat treated at 1250°C for 1 hour due to some sintering effect. This significantly affected its tensile properties with an average resulting ductility of 24.7%.
Impacting Behavior of Large Oxidized Copper Particles in Cold Spraying
Authors: Li Wenya , Yu Min , Guo Xueping , Liao Hanlin
Published: January 2023

A previous study demonstrated through experiments that surface oxide films of metallic particles have significant influence on the deposition efficiency, microstructure, and properties of cold sprayed coatings. To clearly reveal the underlying mechanism, this study focuses further on the effect of particle oxidation on deposition behavior through the designed use of oxidized copper particles having an average size of about 81 µm. The oxidized Cu powder was deposited by cold spraying to enable analysis of single impacts and coating deposition. In addition, the rebounded copper particles were collected for analysis of their morphology in comparison to the adhered particles. Results show that the deposition efficiency of the oxidized Cu particles is much lower than that of the annealed Cu powder. The thick oxide film prohibits the bonding of particles to an extreme extent. The clearance of interface oxide inclusions by plastic deformation of particles was also observed.
Kinetic Metallization of Interior Diameter Bores
Authors: Tapphorn R. , Gabel H. , Hashimoto K. , Crowe T.
Published: January 2023

The Kinetic Metallization (KM) process allows the coating and dimensional restoration of interior diameter (ID) surfaces. It is a low temperature, low pressure, solid-state deposition process that is compliant with the recent MIL-STD-3021 cold spray materials deposition standard. The unique attribute of preheating powder particles to enhance ductility within the Kinetic Metallization process allows for high quality coating deposition onto the inner diameter of small-bore components using very short sonic nozzles. Inovati has developed a KM ID Spray Gun that can deposit a coating normal to the surface of the bore down to interior diameter sizes of 80-mm, with depth-to-diameter ratios exceeding 10-to-1. These ID deposition guns, when used with KM systems, can deposit the full range of coatings including structural aluminum alloys for rebuilding damaged forgings, superalloys for corrosion and/or oxidation protection, and hard-phase carbide coatings for wear resistance. This paper presents a case study for rebuilding of damaged 7075-Al forged landing gear outer cylinders requiring ID coating repairs of 0.020-0.030 inches in thickness. A separate study focuses on tungsten-carbide cobalt (WC-17Co) on steel liners and actuating cylinders for replacing hard chrome coatings and repairing worn cylinder bores.
Effect of Substrate Preheating on Bonding Strength of Cold-Sprayed Mg Coatings
Authors: Suo X.-K , Yu M. , Planche M.P. , Liao H. , Yu M. , Li W.-Y.
Published: January 2023

A magnesium coating with a low porosity and high microhardness was elaborated using cold spraying. However at present, a poor bonding strength between the coating and substrate limits its application. This paper aims at improving the bonding strength between the coating and substrate using substrate preheating. Aluminum substrates were heated to 100, 200 and 300°C respectively by a flame prior to cold spraying. The results show that substrate preheating can significantly increase the bonding strength. The bonding strength increased from 3.3±0.8 MPa to 11.6±0.5 MPa when the substrate temperature increased from room-temperature to 200°C. The fracture analyses show that the coating fracture occurred within the coating when the substrate was preheated at 200°C.
Influence of Accelerating Gas Flow Rate on Optical Property and Cohesion/Adhesion of Vacuum Cold Sprayed TiO2 Scattering Layer
Authors: He X.-L. , Yang G.-J. , Li C.-X. , Li C.-J. , Fan S.-Q.
Published: January 2023

Submicro-sized anatase TiO2 powder was used to prepare light scattering layers by vacuum cold spraying at room temperature. The microstructure of the TiO2 coatings was characterized to be correlated with optical property and adhesion/cohesion of the coatings. Results show that the light-reflecting ability of the coatings decreased with the increase of accelerating gas flow rate from 3.5 to 7.5 L/min and increased with the increase of coating thickness from 2 to 10 µm. Both the cohesion and adhesion of the coatings increased with the increase of the accelerating gas flow rate, due to the improvement of the particle-particle contact and the particle-substrate contact by the high velocity impact resulting from the increased powder particle velocity.
Cold-Spraying of Ti2AlC MAX-Phase Coatings
Authors: Gutzmann H. , Gärtner F. , Klassen T. , Höche D. , Blawert C.
Published: January 2023

Cold spraying was applied to deposit Ti2AlC on different substrate materials. The study of single impacts by scanning electron microscopy indicates that bonding of the first layer is mainly attributed to the deformation and shear instabilities of the substrates. Nevertheless, the irregularly shaped particles appear to flatten by the impact. This deformation seems to be attributed to local, internal shear, but also to internal fracture. By applying up to five passes under more sophisticated spray parameters, Ti2AlC - coatings with thicknesses of about 110 to 155 µm can be achieved. XRD analysis of the coating proves that the crystallographic structure of the feedstock can be retained during cold spraying. The coating microstructures show rather low porosity, but several cracks between spray layers. Successful build-up of more than one monolayer can probably be attributed to internal deformation and occurring shear instabilities within the highly anisotropic Ti2AlC - phase.
Effect of Substrate Temperature on Cold-Gas Sprayed Coatings on Ceramic Substrates
Authors: Ernst K.-R. , Braeutigam J. , Gaertner F. , Klassen T.
Published: January 2023

The focus of this study is to deposit metallic coatings onto ceramic substrates for application in power electronics. One possibility to achieve the required surface activation is to heat the substrate during spraying. An increased substrate temperature significantly influences bond strength and coating properties. This is investigated for cold-gas sprayed copper and aluminum on thermally sprayed Al2O3 layers. The study examines the adhesion of single-impacting Cu particles as well as coating microstructures and mechanical and electrical coating properties. It is found that increasing the substrate temperature as well as increasing the surface roughness enhances the adhesion strength of single particles. Coatings sprayed on heated substrates adhere very well and show low compressive stresses. Their hardness is reduced significantly, while their electrical conductivity is optimized to values of over 90 % IACS (IACS: International annealed Copper standard, 100 % IACS equals 58 MS/m).
Influence of Fine Powder Feedstock (-10 +2 μm) on the HVOF Spraying Characteristics, Coating Morphology, and Properties of WC-CoCr 86-10-4
Authors: Nebel J. , Tillmann W. , Piotrowski W. , Laemmerhirt I.-A.
Published: January 2023

The use of fine feedstock powder can extend the feasibility and scope of HVOF coatings to new fields of applications. Especially for the purpose of near-net-shape coatings they facilitate short spraying distances, homogeneous layer morphologies, and smooth coating surfaces. However, the small particle sizes also lead to several challenges. One major issue is the in-flight behavior which is distinctly affected by the low mass and relatively large surface of the particles. In this paper, the in-flight and coating characteristics of WC-CoCr 86-10-4 (-10 +2 μm) were investigated. It was determined that the fine powder feedstock shows a high sensitivity to the gas flow, velocity, and temperature of the spray jet. Because of their low mass inertia, their velocity, for example, is actually influenced by local pressure nodes (shock diamonds) in the supersonic flow. Additionally, the relatively large surface of the particles promotes partial overheating and degradation. Nevertheless, the morphological and mechanical properties of the sprayed layer are hardly affected. In fact, the coatings feature a superior surface roughness, porosity, hardness, and wear resistance.
Acoustic Emission Analysis by Twin Wire Arc Spraying Using Cored Wires with Different Powder Size
Authors: Zielke R. , Tillmann W. , Wang G. , Abdulgader M.
Published: January 2023

One of the greatest obstacles for a wide distribution of thermal spraying techniques is the lack of online control over the spraying process. The thermally sprayed coatings are optimized by an empirical modification of the spraying parameters and the subsequent correlation of these parameters to the obtained coatings. Some intrinsic parameters, such as the fluctuations in twin wire arc spraying and wear in the atomization nozzle, are not adjustable. Even though they have an enormous impact on the obtained coating quality, they are often scientifically neglected for reasons of simplification. In this work, acoustic emission analysis is utilized to study the effect of uncontrollable parameters on acoustic signals. In order to enable an easy determination of the changes in the acoustic signals, the acoustic sensors were mounted on the spraying nozzle as well as on the substrate. At increased current, a lower acoustic emission is recorded. A correlation between uncontrollable parameters, the acoustic signals, and the obtained coating quality was observed. This research contributes to the online control of the spraying process.