bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Allergen‐specific immunotherapy prescription patterns in veterinary practice: aUSpopulation‐based cohort study
Authors: Tater Kathy Chu , Cole William Elliott , Pion Paul David
Published: February 2017

Background

Poor adherence to continuing allergen‐specific immunotherapy treatment (ASIT) may be an issue in veterinary medicine. No studies describe how allergen tests are used in general veterinary practice, including the percentage of patients that receiveASITafter allergen testing.

Hypothesis/Objectives

Assess veterinaryASITpatterns in United States general practices.

Animals

Dogs (n = 2,557) and 121 cats allergen‐tested at 177 hospitals (173 general practice and four specialty practices) in 44 states.

Methods

Invoiced service descriptions of allergen tests andASITorders were retrieved from an aggregated database of veterinary practices.

Results

In general practice, 42% (992 of 2,360) of patients did not beginASITafter allergen testing.ASITwas not refilled for 29% (398 of 1,368) of patients after the initial order.ASITwas initiated and refilled more often in dogs (56.6%, 71.4%, respectively) than cats (38%, 67.4%). Specialty practice patients had the highestASITinitiation (94.4%) and refill (92.7%) percentages in comparison to general practices (P < 0.001). Size, age, geographical region and type of practice were associated with whether dogs were started onASIT. Geographical region was also associated with refilling a prescription forASIT, which was considered to be evidence of adherence to continuing treatment.

Conclusions and clinical importance

Almost one third of clients failed to continueASITbeyond the initial order, which is a much shorter duration of therapy than the 12 months recommended for determiningASITefficacy. A large number of general practice patients did not beginASITafter allergen testing, likely due to differences in how clinicians in general and dermatology practices use allergen tests.
Effect of prophylactic topical hypotensive medications in reducing the incidence of postoperative ocular hypertension after phacoemulsification in dogs
Authors: Dees D. Dustin , Spahn Kate J. , Wagner Lynsey Smith , Greller Andrew , Paglia Danielle , Armour Micki D. , Madsen Richard
Published: February 2017

Objective

To determine whether topical hypotensive medications prevent postoperative ocular hypertension (POH) after phacoemulsification.

Animals studied

52 client‐owned dogs (88 eyes).

Procedures

Diabetic and nondiabetic dogs having undergone phacoemulsification were included in this retrospective study. The control group received no ocular hypotensive medications. The treatment groups received latanoprost, dorzolamide, or dorzolamide/timolol, beginning immediately after surgery, for 2‐week duration.IOPs were obtained at initial examination followed by 4 h, 24 h, 7 days, and 14 days postoperatively.POHwas defined as anIOPabove 20 mmHg (POH20) or 25 mmHg (POH25).

Results

POH20 occurred in 33 of 87 eyes (37.93%), including 11 of 21 eyes (52.38%) in the control group, three of 23 eyes (13.04%) in the latanoprost group, eight of 15 eyes (53.33%) in the dorzolamide group, and 11 of 28 eyes (39.29%) in the dorzolamide/timolol group. Active treatment groups were compared to the control group, and the overall group effect was not significant (P= 0.11).POH25 occurred in 22 of 86 eyes (25.58%), including seven of 21 eyes (33.33%) in the control group, two of 23 eyes (8.70%) in the latanoprost group, five of 15 eyes (33.33%) in the dorzolamide group, and eight of 27 eyes (29.63%) in the dorzolamide/timolol group. Active treatment groups were compared to the control group, and the overall group effect was not significant (P= 0.31). Intraoperative use of intracameral tissue plasminogen activator significantly decreased the chances ofPOH25 (P= 0.0063).

Conclusions and clinical relevance

The latanoprost group had a substantially lower percentage ofPOH20 andPOH25 compared to the control and other active treatment groups, although statistical significance was not achieved. Intraoperative intracameral tissue plasminogen activator decreased the incidence ofPOH25.
Value Creation Concept In Stakeholder And Shareholder Economies
Authors: Mastilo Zoran , Zakić Vladimir , Popović Goran
Published: February 2017

In the financial theory it is common to make distinction between two types of corporate value creation concept: shareholder value and stakeholder value. In shareholder systems, also known as Anglo-American concept, institutional investors, who usually own small percentages of companies' shares, exert significant influence over managers. In major stakeholder systems, marked as Continental concept, influence is shared between large shareholders, employees, customers and suppliers. The aim of this paper is to analyze influence of globalization processes and economic crises on value creation theory and practice.
Firm Characteristics and Compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) by Listed Financial Services Companies in Nigeria
Authors: Tsegba Ioraver N. , Semberfan Joy , Tyokoso Gabriel M.
Published: February 2017

This study investigated the level of compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) by listed financial services companies in Nigeria, and the effect firm characteristics have on the level of compliance. The study also examined whether compliance with IFRS significantly differs between listed Deposit Money Banks (DMB) and Insurance Companies (INC) in Nigeria. Secondary data used for the study were extracted from the annual report and accounts of the sampled firms and analyzed using the multiple regression technique and Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test for two independent samples. The study found that (i) the level of compliance with IFRS by the sampled firms is high (about 85.9%); (ii) profitability is positive and significantly associated with IFRS at 10% level; (iii) firm size and auditor type are positive but insignificantly associated with IFRS compliance; and (iv) leverage and internationality are negative and insignificantly associated with IFRS compliance. Furthermore, the study found that compliance with IFRS by DMB is higher than INC but the difference is not statistically significant. The major conclusion reached in this study was that compliance with IFRS by listed financial services companies in Nigeria is not driven by firm attributes. The study recommended that adequate steps be taken by regulatory authorities such as the Financial Reporting Council (FRC) of Nigeria to ensure full compliance with the mandatory disclosure requirements of IFRS by listed firms in Nigeria.
A Thematic-based Meta Analytic Study Regarding the Effect of Creativity on Academic Success and Learning Retention
Authors: Özdas Faysal , Batdi Veli
Published: February 2017

This thematic-based meta-analytic study aims to examine the effect of creativity on the academic success and learning retention scores of students. In the context of this aim, 18 out of 225 studies regarding creativity that were carried out between 2001 and 2011 have been obtained from certain national and international databases. The studies involving thematic-based meta-analytic reviews are examined under four themes - creative thinking, creative thinking activities, creative thinking techniques and creative writing applications. Certain inclusion criteria are also taken into consideration in the analysis. The statistical programs Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) and MetaWin are made use in order to analyze the data. The inter-rater reliability of the studies is calculated and found to be high. The Meta-analytic research results indicate that the effect size of creative thinking, creative thinking activities, creative thinking techniques and creative writing applications on academic success are large in terms of levels, while the creative applications in terms of learning retention are again large. This means that creativity has positive and great effects on both academic success and learning retention. The values of Fail-safe Number with regard to considering the effects of creative applications on academic success and learning retention show the high reliability of meta-analysis. It can be suggested that researchers should carry out more studies on creativity as there are not enough studies on creativity, especially regarding retention.
The Practice of Scaling Down Practical Assessment Components of Agriculture in Junior Secondary Schools Curriculum: A Synthesis of Teachers Perceptions
Authors: Hulela Keba
Published: February 2017

This ethnographic research study aimed at investigating factors that contributed to the decline in the number of practical assessed projects in junior secondary agricultural education assessment in Botswana. Participant-observation technique was used to gather data in the form of field notes from in-service teachers at BCA and in-school teachers during school visits teaching practice and lessons at BCA respectively. Students’ performance assessment in practical agriculture measures the extent to which students performed their tasks. The study used two groups of teachers; five (5) in-service student teachers pursuing their Bachelor of Science (BSc) degree in Agricultural Education at Botswana College of Agriculture and five (5) in-school teachers of agriculture to investigate the decline in the number of practical projects assessed in schools. The participants were purposely selected for their proximity to the researcher. Field notes prepared during school visits through interviews and surveys using open ended question were used to gather data for this study. Narrative data were gathered and analysed by coding the emerging themes and applying descriptive analysis. The study took on theoretical issues forming the basis for the understanding of the culture of teaching and assessing practical agriculture projects to include (1) teacher motivation (2) validity issues on assessment (3) teaching standards, teacher education, and (4) practices in teaching, and students’ attitudes. The study concluded by discussing implications on education of agriculture science teachers.
A Comparison of Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage Following Maximal Eccentric Contractions in Men and Boys
Authors: Deli Chariklia K. , Fatouros Ioannis G. , Paschalis Vassilis , Georgakouli Kalliopi , Zalavras Athanasios , Avloniti Alexandra , Koutedakis Yiannis , Jamurtas Athanasios Z.
Published: February 2017

Purpose:

Research regarding exercise-induced muscle-damage mainly focuses on adults. The present study examined exercise-induced muscle-damage responses in adults compared with children.

Method:

Eleven healthy boys (10–12 y) and 15 healthy men (18–45 y) performed 5 sets of 15 maximal eccentric contractions of the knee extensors. Range of motion (ROM), delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) during squat and walking, and peak isometric, concentric and eccentric torque were assessed before, post, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hr postexercise. Creatine kinase (CK) activity was assessed before and 72 hr postexercise.

Results:

Eccentric exercise resulted in DOMS during squat that persisted for up to 96h in men, and 48 hr in boys (p < .05), and DOMS during walking that persisted for up to 72 hr in men, and 48 hr in boys (p < .01). The ROM was lower in both age groups 48 hr postexercise (p < .001). Isometric (p < .001), concentric (p < .01) and eccentric (p < .01) force decreased post, and up to 48 hr postexercise in men. Except for a reduction in isometric force immediately after exercise, no other changes occurred in boys’ isokinetic force. CK activity increased in men at 72 hr postexercise compared with pre exercise levels (p = .05).

Conclusion:

Our data provide further confirmation that children are less susceptible to exercise-induced muscle damage compared with adults.
Exercise-Induced Hypoxemia in Juvenile Thyroid Carcinoma With Lung Metastases
Authors: Segerer Florian J. , Biko Johannes , Reiners Christoph , Wirth Clemens , Hebestreit Helge
Published: February 2017

Purpose:

Exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH) has been reported in patients with juvenile thyroid cancer treated with radioiodine for lung metastases. This retrospective study tested the hypothesis that EIAH is due to ventilation-perfusion-mismatch in this rare pulmonary condition.

Method:

50 patients (age 13–23 years) treated for juvenile thyroid carcinoma and lung metastasis with 131I and 24 controls with thyroid cancer but without lung metastases and prior 131I-treatment were assessed in a state of acute hypothyroidism by com-puted tomography of the lungs, pulmonary function testing, cardiopulmonary exercise test with measurements of gas exchange, oxygen saturation, alveolar-arterial difference in pO2 (p(A-a)O2) and pCO2 (p(ET-a)CO2).

Results:

10 of the 50 patients with lung metastases showed EIAH. They had more pronounced pulmonary fibrosis on computed tomography, a widened p(A-a)O2, and p(ET-a)CO2, a lower DVE/DVCO2-slope, a lower respiratory rate and no increased dead space ventilation. A more pronounced EIAH was associated with male gender, younger age, lower diffusion capacity, higher p(ET-a)CO2 during exercise and a higher peak exercise tidal volume over vital capacity ratio.

Conclusion:

EIAH in patients with thyroid carcinoma and pulmonary metastases is not related to ventilation-perfusion mismatch but to alveolar hypoventilation, possibly related to an increased work of breathing with pulmonary fibrosis.
Lithostratigraphic and allostratigraphic framework of the Cambrian–Ordovician Potsdam Group and correlations across Early Paleozoic southern Laurentia
Authors: Lowe David G. , Arnott R.W.C. , Nowlan Godfrey S. , McCracken A.D.
Published: February 2017

The Potsdam Group is a Cambrian to Lower Ordovician siliciclastic unit that crops out along the southeastern margins of the Ottawa graben. From its base upward, the Potsdam consists of the Ausable, Hannawa Falls, and Keeseville formations. In addition, the Potsdam is subdivided into three allounits: allounit 1 comprises the Ausable and Hannawa Falls, and allounits 2 and 3, respectively, the lower and upper parts of the Keeseville. Allounit 1 records Early to Middle Cambrian syn-rift arkosic fluvial sedimentation (Ausable Formation) with interfingering mudstone, arkose, and dolostone of the marine Altona Member recording transgression of the easternmost part of the Ottawa graben. Rift sedimentation was followed by a Middle Cambrian climate change resulting in local quartzose aeolian sedimentation (Hannawa Falls Formation). Allounit 1 sedimentation termination coincided with latest(?) Middle Cambrian tectonic reactivation of parts of the Ottawa graben. Allounit 2 (lower Keeseville) records mainly Upper Cambrian quartzose fluvial sedimentation, with transgression of the northern Ottawa graben resulting in deposition of mixed carbonate–siliciclastic strata of the marine Rivière Aux Outardes Member. Sedimentation was then terminated by an earliest Ordovician regression and unconformity development. Allounit 3 (upper Keeseville) records diachronous transgression across the Ottawa graben that by the Arenigian culminated in mixed carbonate–siliciclastic, shallow marine sedimentation (Theresa Formation). The contact separating the Potsdam Group and Theresa Formation is conformable, except locally in parts of the northern Ottawa graben where the presence of localized islands and (or) coastal salients resulted in subaerial exposure and erosion of the uppermost Potsdam strata, and accordingly unconformity development.
Variation in fuelwood properties and correlations of fuelwood properties with wood density and growth in five tree and shrub species in Niger
Authors: Sotelo Montes Carmen , Weber John C. , Abasse Tougiani , Silva Dimas A. , Mayer Sandra , Sanquetta Carlos Roberto , Muñiz Graciela I.B. , Garcia Rosilei A.
Published: February 2017

Information about variation and correlations of fuelwood properties and growth is needed in order to recommend species and sites for fuelwood production in a changing climate in Africa. We investigated the effects of site variables (land use, soil, terrain), geographical coordinates, and mean annual rainfall on fuelwood properties (volatile matter, fixed carbon, ash content, moisture content, gross calorific value, gross calorific value per cubic metre, and fuel value index) of Combretum glutinosum Perr., Combretum micranthum G. Don., Combretum nigricans Lepr. ex Guill. & Perr., Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel., and Piliostigma reticulatum (DC.) Hochst. and correlations of fuelwood properties with wood density and growth (height, stem diameter, and ring width) in Niger. We hypothesized that wood density, fixed carbon, and gross calorific value were positively correlated with one another and that fixed carbon and gross calorific value were positively correlated with growth. Most effects of site variables, geographical coordinates, and mean annual rainfall on fuelwood properties differed among species. Fuel value index was greater on rocky soils than on sandy soils. Wood moisture content of three species was greater in drier locations than in more humid ones. Correlations of fuelwood properties with wood density and growth differed among species. Based on this and previous research, we recommend parkland agroforests and sites with rocky soils and higher mean annual rainfall for fuelwood production.
MULTIFRACTALS IN WESTERN MAJOR STOCK MARKETS HISTORICAL VOLATILITIES IN TIMES OF FINANCIAL CRISIS
Authors: LAHMIRI SALIM
Published: February 2017

In this paper, the generalized Hurst exponent is used to investigate multifractal properties of historical volatility (CHV) in stock market price and return series before, during and after 2008 financial crisis. Empirical results from NASDAQ, S&P500, TSE, CAC40, DAX, and FTSE stock market data show that there is strong evidence of multifractal patterns in HV of both price and return series. In addition, financial crisis deeply affected the behavior and degree of multifractality in volatility of Western financial markets at price and return levels.
Characteristics and Validation Techniques for PCA-Based Gene-Expression Signatures
Authors: Berglund Anders E. , Welsh Eric A. , Eschrich Steven A.
Published: February 2017

Background. Many gene-expression signatures exist for describing the biological state of profiled tumors. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) can be used to summarize a gene signature into a single score. Our hypothesis is that gene signatures can be validated when applied to new datasets, using inherent properties of PCA.Results. This validation is based on four key concepts. Coherence: elements of a gene signature should be correlated beyond chance. Uniqueness: the general direction of the data being examined can drive most of the observed signal. Robustness: if a gene signature is designed to measure a single biological effect, then this signal should be sufficiently strong and distinct compared to other signals within the signature. Transferability: the derived PCA gene signature score should describe the same biology in the target dataset as it does in the training dataset.Conclusions. The proposed validation procedure ensures that PCA-based gene signatures perform as expected when applied to datasets other than those that the signatures were trained upon. Complex signatures, describing multiple independent biological components, are also easily identified.
Oral Health of Patients Treated with Acrylic Partial Dentures Using a Toothpaste Containing Bee Product
Authors: Wiatrak Karolina , Morawiec Tadeusz , Rój Rafał , Mertas Anna , Machorowska-Pieniążek Agnieszka , Kownacki Patryk , Tanasiewicz Marta , Skucha-Nowak Małgorzata , Baron Stefan , Piekarz Tomasz , Wrzoł Maciej , Bogacz Mateusz , Kasperski Jacek , Niedzielska Iwona
Published: February 2017

This study was carried out to investigate the influence of a propolis and tee tree oil‐containing hygienic agent on selected oral health parameters, oral microflora, and the condition of periodontal health. Thirty‐seven patients who underwent oral rehabilitation with a removable acrylic denture were selected and randomly assigned into two groups: study group (A) which received a newly formulated propolis and tee tree oil‐containing toothpaste or a control group (C) without an active ingredient. API, S‐OHI, and mSBI were assessed in three subsequent stages. During each examination swabs were employed for microbiological inoculation: in the study group after 4 weeks use of the active toothpaste showed a decrease in the number of isolated microorganisms. In the control group, after 4 weeks use of the toothpaste without active ingredients resulted in increase in the number of the isolated microorganisms. Improvements in hygiene and the condition of periodontium were observed in patients using active toothpastes. In the study group the oral flora diversity was reduced by the decrease in the number of cultured microorganism species, while in the control group an increase in the number of cultured microorganisms and their species was observed.
Docetaxel-Induced Systemic Sclerosis with Internal Organ Involvement Masquerading as Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Park Bumsoo , Vemulapalli Raghavendra C. , Gupta Amit , Shreve Maria E. , Rees Della A.
Published: February 2017

Systemic sclerosis, or scleroderma, is a complex medical disorder characterized by limited or diffuse skin thickening with frequent involvement of internal organs such as lungs, gastrointestinal tract, or kidneys. Docetaxel is a chemotherapeutic agent which has been associated with cutaneous side effects. An uncommon cutaneous side effect of docetaxel is scleroderma-like skin changes that extend from limited to diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis. Several case reports have been published regarding the association of docetaxel and systemic sclerosis. However, those reports demonstrated the association between docetaxel and scleroderma-like skin changes without internal organ involvement. Here, we report a case of systemic sclerosis with pulmonary arterial hypertension and a microangiopathic kidney involvement induced by docetaxel chemotherapy. After an exhaustive literature review, this could be the first case of docetaxel-induced systemic sclerosis involving internal organs.
The Numerical Predominance and Large Transcriptome Differences of Neutrophils in Peripheral Blood Together Inevitably Account for a Reported Pulmonary Tuberculosis Signature
Authors: Wu Kang , Wong Ka-Wing , Deng Wang-Long , Zhang Hao , Li Jing , Lowrie Douglas B. , Fan Xiao-Yong
Published: February 2017

Previous transcriptomic analysis revealed a 393-transcript signature (PTBsig), which is dominated by interferon inducible genes, in whole blood of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients. Comparisons with a limited set of interferon-driven genes among separated monocytes, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and neutrophils indicated that the signature is due to changes in neutrophils, the overwhelmingly predominant cell type. By extending the analysis to the entire 393 transcripts of PTBsig and by switching the cell proportions between separated monocytes, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and neutrophils, we create putative PTBsig for whole blood (pPTBsig) in which CD4+ or CD8+ T cells or monocytes predominated or in which the cell proportions were unchanged. These putative signatures are then compared to the actual reported PTBsig. We show that, because of their predominance in peripheral blood and their larger transcriptional responses, neutrophils were indeed almost exclusively responsible for PTBsig. We caution that the functional significance of changes in other cell types might escape notice in transcriptome analysis that is based upon whole blood.
Current‐Loop Control for the Pitching Axis of Aerial Cameras via an Improved ADRC
Authors: Liu BingYou , Zhu ChangAn , Guo XingZhong
Published: February 2017

An improved active disturbance rejection controller (ADRC) is designed to eliminate the influences of the current‐loop for the pitching axis control system of an aerial camera. The improved ADRC is composed of a tracking differentiator (TD), an improved extended state observer (ESO), an improved nonlinear state error feedback (NLSEF), and a disturbance compensation device (DCD). The TD is used to arrange transient process. The improved ESO is utilized to observe the state extended by nonlinear dynamics, model uncertainty, and external disturbances. Overtime variation of the current‐loop can be predicted by the improved ESO. The improved NLSEF is adopted to restrain the residual errors of the current‐loop. The DCD is used to compensate the overtime variation of the current‐loop in real time. The improved ADRC is designed based on a new nonlinear function newfal(·). This function exhibits enhanced continuity and smoothness compared to previously available nonlinear functions. Thus, the new nonlinear function can effectively decrease the high‐frequency flutter phenomenon. The improved ADRC exhibits improved control performance, and disturbances of the current‐loop can be eliminated by the improved ADRC. Finally, simulation experiments are performed. Results show that the improved ADRC displayed better performance than the proportional integral (PI) control strategy and traditional ADRC.
N-Acetylcysteine Attenuates Diabetic Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury through Inhibiting Excessive Autophagy
Authors: Wang Sheng , Wang Chunyan , Yan Fuxia , Wang Tingting , He Yi , Li Haobo , Xia Zhengyuan , Zhang Zhongjun
Published: February 2017

Background. Excessive autophagy is a major mechanism of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (I/RI) in diabetes with enhanced oxidative stress. Antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) reduces myocardial I/RI. It is unknown if inhibition of autophagy may represent a mechanism whereby NAC confers cardioprotection in diabetes. Methods and Results. Diabetes was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats with streptozotocin and they were treated without or with NAC (1.5 g/kg/day) for four weeks before being subjected to 30-minute coronary occlusion and 2-hour reperfusion. The results showed that cardiac levels of 15-F2t-Isoprostane were increased and that autophagy was evidenced as increases in ratio of LC3 II/I and protein P62 and AMPK and mTOR expressions were significantly increased in diabetic compared to nondiabetic rats, concomitant with increased postischemic myocardial infarct size and CK-MB release but decreased Akt and eNOS activation. Diabetes was also associated with increased postischemic apoptotic cell death manifested as increases in TUNEL positive cells, cleaved-caspase-3, and ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 protein expression. NAC significantly attenuated I/RI-induced increases in oxidative stress and cardiac apoptosis, prevented postischemic autophagy formation in diabetes, and reduced postischemic myocardial infarction (all p<0.05). Conclusions. NAC confers cardioprotection against diabetic heart I/RI primarily through inhibiting excessive autophagy which might be a major mechanism why diabetic hearts are less tolerant to I/RI.
JAK Mutations as Escape Mechanisms to Anti–PD-1 Therapy
Authors: Marabelle Aurelien , Aspeslagh Sandrine , Postel-Vinay Sophie , Soria Jean-Charles
Published: February 2017

Summary: JAK mutations could be one of the primary escape mechanisms to anti–PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy via impaired IFNγ signaling in cancer cells and could be used to identify patients unlikely to benefit from these treatments. Cancer Discov; 7(2); 128–30. ©2017 AACR.

See related article by Shin et al., p. 188.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СТРУКТУРНОЇ ПЕРЕБУДОВИ СУДИН ГЕМОМІКРОЦИРКУЛЯТОРНОГО РУСЛА ДВАНАДЦЯТИПАЛОЇ КИШКИ ПРИ ОБТУРАЦІЙНОМУ ХОЛЕСТАЗІ
Authors: Hnatiuk M. S. , Tatarchuk L. V. , Hrabchak S. O.
Published: February 2017

У роботі наведено результати експериментального вивчення особливостей структурної перебудови судин гемомікроциркуляторного русла дванадцятипалої кишки при обтураційному холестазі. В результаті проведеного дослідження встановлено, що тривалий обтураційний холестаз призводить до вираженого звуження приносної (артеріол, прекапілярних артеріол), обмінної (гемокапілярів) ланок мікрогемоциркуляторного русла та розширення закапілярних венул і венул, венозного повнокров‘я, гіпоксії, дистрофії, некробіозу клітин і тканин. Виявлена структурна перебудова мікросудин залежала від тривалості обтураційного холестазу.
ЗМІНИ МОРФОМЕТРИЧНИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ПЛАЦЕНТИ ПІД ДІЄЮ АЦЕТАТУ СВИНЦЮ ТА ЙОГО ПОЄДНАННЯ З ЦИТРАТОМ ЗОЛОТА
Authors: Maior V. V.
Published: February 2017

Встановлено токсичний вплив низьких доз ацетату свинцю на процес розвитку плаценти щурів, зміна морфометричних показників свідчила про затримку її розвитку та наявність дисциркуляторних порушень. Поєднане введення ацетату свинцю та цитрату золота сприяло виникненню позитивної динаміки морфологічних змін у процесах плацентогенезу.
ПОРІВНЯЛЬНА ОЦІНКА ВЕЛИЧИНИ АНТИАПОПТОТИЧНОГО ЕФЕКТУ СЕРЕД МОДУЛЯТОРІВ АКТИВНОСТІ NMDA-РЕЦЕПТОРІВ В УМОВАХ МОДЕЛЬНОЇ ПЕРЕХІДНОЇ ІШЕМІЇ РЕПЕРФУЗІЇ ОКА ЗА ДАНИМИ ПРОТОКОВО-ЦИТОМЕТРИЧНОГО АНАЛІЗУ
Authors: Povkh V. L. , Khodakovskyi M. A. , Khodakovskyi A. A.
Published: February 2017

Модельна 60 хв. ішемія-реперфузія ока у щурів супроводжується активацією апоптотичних процесів в сітківці, про що достеменно свідчить збільшення в середньому в 20,22 раза пулу клітин, які перебувають у фазі SUB-G0G1, тобто мають ознаки фрагментації ядерної ДНК, що анонсує апоптоз. Однократна внутрішньовенна інфузія в лікувальному режимі через 30 хв після накладання лігатур розчинів амантадину або магнію сульфату, дозами 5 та 250 мг/кг відповідно, а також мемантин перорально з розрахунку 20 мг/кг, сприяють зменшенню відносної кількості ретиноцитів, які перебувають фазі SUB-G0G1 клітинного циклу, проявляючи тим самим антиапоптотичну дію. За спроможністю в умовах даної патології знижувати процес фрагментації ядерної ДНК, застосування розчину амантадину сульфату вірогідно переважає терапію розчином магнію сульфату або мемантином в середньому на 24,1 та 52,0 % відповідно.
ЗНАЧЕННЯ ПРОЦЕСІВ ПРОТЕОЛІЗУ І АНТИПРОТЕАЗНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ В ЛЕГЕНЯХ У РАННІЙ ПЕРІОД РОЗВИТКУ ВИРАЗКОВОЇ ХВОРОБИ ШЛУНКА НА ТЛІ ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЇ ПНЕВМОНІЇ
Authors: Furdychko L. O.
Published: February 2017

У роботі встановлено, що на 4 добу розвитку експериментальної пневмонії (ЕП) і виразкової хвороби шлунка (ВХШ) відбувається зростання рівнів азоколагену, азоказеїну, азоальбуміну та зниження вмісту альфа-2 – макроглобулінів і альфа -1 – інгібітора протеаз в легенях. Пізніше, на 8 добу формування ЕП і ВХШ, спостерігалося подальше підвищення показників протеолізу на тлі суттєвого зниження маркерів антипротеазного потенціалу в легенях.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ДИНАМІКИ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ЛІПОПЕРОКСИДАЦІЇ ТА АКТИВНОСТІ ФЕРМЕНТІВ АНТИОКСИДАНТНОГО ЗАХИСТУ В СЛИЗОВІЙ ПАРОДОНТА У РІЗНІ ПЕРІОДИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЇ ПНЕВМОНІЇ
Authors: Chuhai O. O.
Published: February 2017

Пародонтит та інші патології пародонта є одними з основних причин втрати зубів. Поширення пародонтиту в останні роки зростає як у розвинених країнах, так і в країнах з низьким соціально-економічним рівнем. У відповідь на комплексний вплив ендо- та екзогенних чинників у тканинах пародонта формуються запальні процеси, запалення призводить до порушення окисно-відновних процесів у слизовій. У статті наведено дані про зміни показників ліпопероксидації та активності ферментів антиоксидантного захисту в слизовій пародонта за умов експериментальної пневмонії. Виявлено, що під час раннього періоду експериментальної пневмонії було зростання активності ферментів каталази, супероксиддисмутази і продуктів прооксидантної системи у відповідь на збільшення вільних радикалів кисню. У пізній період експериментальної пневмонії визначено негативну динаміку активності антиоксидантної системи.
THE BEA SCORE IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS B AND DELTA
Authors: Тofan-Scutaru Liudmila , Berliba Elina , Peltec Angela , Turcanu Adela , Turcan Svetlana Turcan Svetlana , Rotaru-Cojocari Diana
Published: February 2017

Вивчення у кавказьких пацієнтів з хронічним вірусним гепатитом B і дельта шкали BEA (Baseline Event-anticipation score) і визначення його кореляції з параметрами лабораторних печінкових синдромів.Матеріали та методи. Були досліджені проспективно 58 кавказьких пацієнта з хронічним гепатитом B і дельта, 28 жінок і 30 чоловіків і 10 кавказьких пацієнтів з вірусним цирозом печінки B і дельта. Оцінка за шкалою BEA була розрахована з використанням онлайн-калькулятора (http://hepatitis-delta.org/physicians-and-scientists/calculators/). Вивчено показники лабораторних синдромів печінки. Проводили кореляційний аналіз між балами оцінки BEA і даних біологічних синдромів печінки.Результати: Встановлено пряму залежність між балами оцінки BEA зі значеннями рівнів сироваткової гамма-глутамілтрансферази та із загальним білірубіном сироватки у хворих з хронічним гепатитом дельта. Була визначена пряма залежність між балами оцінки BEA із загальним білірубіном і зворотна кореляція зі значеннями альбуміну сироватки у хворих з цирозом печінки B і дельта.Висновки: Рекомендуємо оптимізацію оцінки BEA шляхом додавання альбуміну і гамма-глутамілтрансферази в якості провісників для розвитку ускладнень, пов'язаних із захворюванням печінки.
ЩОДО ДОЦІЛЬНОСТІ ВВЕДЕННЯ У КЛІНІЧНУ ПРАКТИКУ ОКРЕМОЇ ШКАЛИ ОБ’ЄКТИВНОГО ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ЗАГАЛЬНОГО СТАНУ ПАЦІЄНТА
Authors: Franchuk V. V. , Franchuk М. V.
Published: February 2017

В статті з судово-медичної експертної точки зору обґрунтовується необхідність створення та впровадження у повсякденну клінічну практику уніфікованої шкали оцінки загального стану пацієнта.
ПІДБІР КІЛЬКІСНОГО СКЛАДУ ДОПОМІЖНИХ РЕЧОВИН ПРИ СТВОРЕННІ ТАБЛЕТОК «АНГІОЛІН»
Authors: Mazur I. A. , Kucherenko L. I. , Bіdnenko A. S. , Tkachenko H. I.
Published: February 2017

Статтю присвячено підбору кількісного складу допоміжних речовин із метою створення таблеток «Ангіолін» методом вологої грануляції. Вивчено вплив п’яти кількісних факторів та за допомогою рівнянь регресії першого порядку встановлений взаємозв’язок між кількісними факторами та стійкістю до роздавлювання, стиранністю та часом розпадання таблеток «Ангіолін». Запропонований оптимальний склад таблеток «Ангіолін».
ВПЛИВ МАЗІ, ЩО МІСТИТЬ СУХИЙ ЕКСТРАКТ КОРЕНЯ СОЛОДКИ, НА ФАГОЦИТАРНУ АКТИВНІСТЬ ГРАНУЛОЦИТАРНИХ НЕЙТРОФІЛІВ КРОВІ В МУРЧАКІВ З ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНИМ ДЕРМАТИТОМ
Authors: Maloshtan L. M. , Z. Zeghdani E. A. , Shakina L. А.
Published: February 2017

У статті наведено результати вивчення впливу мазі «Алерголік», що містить сухий екстракт кореня солодки, на фагоцитарну активність гранулоцитарних нейтрофілів крові мурчаків з експериментальним алергічним контактним дерматитом, викликаним 2,4-динітрохлорбензолом. Згідно з отриманими даними, мазь «Алерголік», що застосовувалась в умовах лікувально-профілактичного режиму, мала виражену імунотропну дію, яка полягала в достовірному зниженні, відносно групи контрольної патології, фагоцитарної активності гранулоцитарних нейтрофілів, чого не спостерігали в групі тварин, яких лікували препаратом порівняння «Фладекс».
Reply to “Comment on ‘Using an ADCP to Estimate Turbulent Kinetic Energy Dissipation Rate in Sheltered Coastal Waters’”
Authors: Greene A. D. , Hendricks P. J. , Gregg M. C.
Published: February 2017

This note is a comment in response to Gargett, who argues that a large-eddy estimate of turbulent dissipation rate using a horizontal length scale with a vertical velocity estimate, as in Greene et al., is a dubious approximation if the energy-containing eddies are anisotropic. A simulation of Langmuir cells and associated turbulence is used to support Gargett’s conclusions. This rebuttal reviews the approaches taken by Greene et al. and cites several instances of flawed reasoning by Gargett. This includes using Langmuir simulations to support the primary conclusion of Gargett, which seems unconnected to Greene et al.’s data and ignores a vast body of work on simulating Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities, widely considered to be the dominant mechanism producing stratified turbulence.
Music, Church, and Ethnocentrism
Authors: Smalley William A.
Published: February 2017

It was more by accident than by design that the articles which comprise this special issue on “Developing Hymnology in New Churches” have been brought together. They all came to my attention about the same time, and they have been published together because they rather complement each other.
Privacy by disaster? Press coverage of privacy and digital technology
Authors: von Pape Thilo , Trepte Sabine , Mothes Cornelia
Published: February 2017

Digital technologies challenge the existing expectations of privacy for both individual users and societies at large. Although numerous surveys and experiments have studied how individual users respond to these challenges, we know little about such perceptions and debates in the larger public. This study investigated this question by analysing German media coverage of the issue of privacy during the current age in times of widespread digital technology. We asked which events journalists report when they broach the issue, what aspects of privacy they cover and whether the coverage refers to different kinds of privacy-related events and to different publication contexts. The results showed that it is not necessarily disasters that give coverage a new orientation. Instead, changes come from events that have the potential to enhance privacy in the future. The publication context also influences the presentation of privacy.
The implications of Australian women’s precarious employment for the later pension age
Authors: Sheen Veronica
Published: February 2017

The increase in pension eligibility ages in Australia, as elsewhere, throws into relief the consequences of gender inequality in employment. Because of career histories in lower paid and more insecure employment, a higher percentage of women than men are dependent on the age pension rather than on superannuation or savings and investments, and so will be disproportionately affected by deferred access. Yet, fewer women than men hold the types of ‘good jobs’ that will sustain them into an older age. Women are more likely to be sequestered in precarious employment, with reduced job quality and a greater potential for premature workforce exit. This article counterposes macro-level data drawn from national cross-sectional labour force statistics and the longitudinal Household Income and Labour Dynamics Australia survey, with case study analysis, based on interviews with 38 women in midlife insecure jobs, in order to identify the types of life course and labour market barriers that contribute to women’s reliance on the pension and the systemic disadvantage that will render them particularly vulnerable to any further erosion of this safety net. The analysis moves between this empirical evidence and a discussion, drawing on the theoretical literature, of the failure in equal opportunity endeavours over recent decades and what this means for later life workforce participation for women.
Regulating contemporary children’s television: how digitisation is re-shaping compliance norms and production practices
Authors: Potter Anna
Published: February 2017

Since its inception, the relationship between television and the child audience has been the subject of public concern and regulatory attention. Little is known, however, about the recent impact of digitisation on the unfashionable but influential practice of television compliance, that is, the industry’s application of state regulations and broadcasters’ own editorial standards to children’s programmes. Drawing on extended interviews with broadcasters and producers, this article maps developing trends in UK and Australian compliance systems, focusing on their impact on the children’s television produced by public service broadcasters. It demonstrates that multi-platform delivery and dedicated children’s channels have caused a re-calibration of compliance standards, encouraging conservatism and risk aversion in programme production. Furthermore, as public service broadcasters abandon their efforts to attract teenage viewers, the live action drama series at which Australian producers have traditionally excelled are far less likely to be commissioned because their content and themes are considered unsuitable for young children.
What’s in a concept? A Leximancer text mining analysis of physical literacy across the international literature
Authors: Hyndman Brendon , Pill Shane
Published: February 2017

Physical literacy is developing as a contested concept with definitional blurring across international contexts, confusing both practitioners and researchers. This paper serves the dual purpose of reporting on an interrogation of concepts associated with physical literacy in academic writing and exploring the use of a text mining data analysis tool. The Leximancer text mining software was applied to 49 research papers relating to physical literacy from 2001–2016, sourced from academic repositories and scholarly search engines. The findings from the text mining analysis revealed that the concept of physical literacy is used in a variety of contexts, specifically in connection with ‘education’, ‘activity’, ‘fitness’, ‘health’, ‘concept’, ‘competence’, ‘understanding’, ‘roles’, ‘curriculum’ and ‘assessment’. The concept with the most relevance connected to physical literacy is ‘education’, the very term that is commonly being replaced by ‘literacy’. A number of concepts were identified from the text mining analysis that were not explicitly mentioned within the definitions of physical literacy, including educational components such as ‘curriculum’, ‘teaching’ and ‘assessment’. It was also revealed that many of the strongest relational concepts from the text mining of the physical literacy literature were of a physical domain, with less relevance and connection to concepts of cognitive, social and emotional domains. The study fills an important gap in the literature by showing that while a multiplicity of conceptions of physical literacy exists, the concept gives dominance to the physical domain and the marginalisation of cognitive and affective domains in various constructions of physical literacy.
Free-Flap Transfer for Coverage of Transmetatarsal Amputation Stump to Preserve Residual Foot Length
Authors: Hahn Hyung Min , Jeong Kwang Sik , Park Myong Chul , Park Dong Ha , Lee Il Jae
Published: February 2017

Surgical management of soft-tissue defects of the forefoot and midfoot caused by trauma or diabetic complications can be challenging because locoregional tissue is insufficient to provide adequate flap. This deficiency necessitates higher-level amputations, such as Chopart or even transtibial amputation, resulting in far more debilitating functional outcomes than are seen with partial foot amputation. The purpose of this study was to examine the surgical outcomes after transmetatarsal amputation and a free-flap transfer to preserve foot length. This prospective case series was conducted from January 2011 to December 2015 at the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at our institute. A total of 16 patients (11 men and 5 women) were enrolled in this study, all of whom were candidates for higher-level amputation because of inadequate soft-tissue coverage after debridement. Each patient underwent transmetatarsal amputation and reconstruction of the amputation stump using free-flap transfers to preserve foot length. Preoperative and postoperative data were collected to evaluate the postoperative outcomes. All 16 free-flap transfers were successful, with no major complications. In 2 cases, partial flap necrosis required additional skin grafting. The mean follow-up period was 24.3 months (range = 7-55 months). Flap coverage was stable, and all the patients were comfortable with their prostheses at long-term follow-up. Use of a free flap to reconstruct a transmetatarsal amputation stump provided stable coverage, preserved maximal foot length, and resulted in good functional outcomes.
“Thigh in the Sky”: Canadian Pacific Dresses Its Female Flight Attendants
Authors: Sangster Joan , Smith Julia
Published: February 2017

This article uses a case study of a highly publicized 1970 controversy over Canadian Pacific Air Lines’ flight attendant uniforms—specifically, a switch from mini to midi skirt—as a case study in business-labor relations concerning the regulation of women workers’ bodily appearance. Using company and union records and employing a historical, materialist, and feminist analysis, we trace how notions of aesthetic and emotional labor changed over time in relation to the political economy, gender ideologies, and the agency of workers themselves. The flight attendants’ reluctance to challenge the airline’s sexist advertising indicated how both accommodation and resistance were intertwined in complex ways in the workplace. Their acceptance of more “thigh in the sky” had much to do with a highly regulated and disciplined workplace, an entrenched division of labor on the airplane, and gendered notions of beauty and glamour in the industry, including women’s strategic use of beauty on the job to their own advantage.
Systematic Investigation of the Thermodynamic Properties of Amine Solvents for CO2 Chemical Absorption Using the Cluster-Continuum Model
Authors: Teranishi Kei , Ishikawa Atsushi , Sato Hiroshi , Nakai Hiromi
Published: February 2017

Accurate condensed-phase quantum chemical calculations employing the continuum cluster model were undertaken to systematically examine the reactivity of amine solvents with CO2, a reaction of great importance in CO2 capture and storage technologies. Thirteen amine compounds, including primary, secondary, tertiary, and hindered amines, were considered, and up to ten solvent water molecules were modeled explicitly including continuum solvation. Amine pKa values and reaction Gibbs energies for the formation of bicarbonate, carbamate, and zwitterions were evaluated. Our calculations indicate that increasing the number of explicit water solvents (n) steadily improves computational accuracy, reducing the mean absolute deviation (MAD) of the calculated pKa from the experimental values, i.e., 13.0, 8.6, 1.3, and 0.9 (in pKa units) at n = 0, 1, 6, and 10, respectively. Reaction Gibbs energies calculated with large n for the studied reactions were consistent with the experimental observation that carbamates are the most stable product species, although their stability is lower for secondary amines. However, at n = 0 or 1, positive reaction Gibbs energies were predicted, suggesting that bicarbonate formation would not occur. These results strongly indicate that the trend in the reactivity of CO2-amine reactions can only be correctly predicted by modeling solute-solvent interactions accurately.
Ο Βάγκνερ στο πρώιμο αφηγηματικό έργο του Νίκου Καζαντζάκη
Authors: Κατσίγιαννη Άννα
Published: February 2017

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη
Leopardi, Καζαντζάκης και το ταξίδι του Χριστόφορου Κολόμβου
Authors: Μπιντούδης Χρήστος
Published: February 2017

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη
Zorba the Greek του Μιχάλη Κακογιάννη και Βίος και πολιτεία του Αλέξη Ζορμπά του Νίκου Καζαντζάκη: μια σύγκριση υπό τη σκιά της πρόσληψης του καζαντζακικού έργου
Authors: Γαραντούδης Ευριπίδης
Published: February 2017

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη.