bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mandibular endoprosthesis with support zones as an artificial organ
Authors: Shaikhaliev A. I. , Petruk P. S. , Shpitzer I. M. , Migachev A. S. , Arasashvili L. D. , Davydova T. R. , Gasbanov G. A. , Korgoloev R. S.
Published: October 2020

Mandibular reconstruction after partial or complete resection is a prerequisite for restoring normal facial aesthetics, articulation and chewing function. We present a clinical case of lower jaw reconstruction in a female patient with acquired extensive bone defect while taking pervitin and desomorphine. Detailed descriptions of the stages of planning and performing surgery, manufacture of an individual endoprosthesis, as well as preoperative preparation of the patient are presented. Clinical and radiological data in the postoperative period were analyzed and an objective assessment of the effectiveness of the technique was given. Adequate restoration of the main functions of the lost organ was achieved thanks to the use of an individual titanium mandibular endoprosthesis with integrated dental implants and a full-arch denture.
Prioritization for liver transplantation
Authors: Korobka V. L. , Kostrykin M. Y. , Passetchnikov V. D. , Pak E. S.
Published: October 2020

Objective: to determine the threshold MELD scores when prioritizing for liver transplantation. Materials and methods. We conducted a cohort study of 350 patients who were waitlisted for liver transplantation between 2015 and 2020. Results. A logistic regression model was used to identify the independent predictors of liver transplantation waitlist mortality. MELD scores and serum albumin at the time of listing were significant predictors of mortality (p = 0.001 and p = 0.004, respectively). Their predictive values were confirmed using ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) analysis. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.883 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.828–0.939; p < 0.001] for MELD, and 0.841 [95% CI 0.775–0.907; p < 0.001] for serum albumin. Mortality odds ratio was 3.7778, 95% CI (1.619–7.765) provided that the listing MELD score was ≥25. Mortality odds ratio was 2.979 (95% CI 1.63–5.95) provided that the listing serum albumin concentration was ≤30.1 g/L. With a threshold MELD score of 25, there were significant differences between patient survival when comparing patient cohorts with MELD ≥25 and with MELD ≤25 (Log-rank, p < 0.0001). Conclusion. The MELD model has a high predictive ability in prioritization of waitlisted candidates for liver transplantation. The threshold MELD score and mortality predictors were determined. There were significant differences between patient survival among patient cohorts with MELD ≥25 and with MELD ≤25.
COVID-19 in solid organ transplant recipients: initial report from national multicenter observational study «ROKKOR-recipient»
Authors: Gautier S. V. , Shevchenko A. O. , Tsirulnikova O. M. , Khomyakov S. M. , Kotenko O. N. , Vinogradov V. E. , Abyzov I. N. , Avetisyan G. D. , Anisimov A. Yu. , Artyukhina L. Yu. , Bekov M. T. , Berdinsky V. A. , Bogdanov V. S. , Bykov A. Yu. , Vinokurov A. Yu. , Goncharova A. Yu. , Evdokimov D. P. , Ezersky D. V. , Zagainov V. E. , Zakharevich V. M. , Zelenin K. N. , Ivanova E. S. , Kartashev A. A. , Kvadratova N. G. , Kim I. G. , Koloskova N. N. , Korobka V. L. , Kurbanuglov I. R. , Lysenko M. A. , Miloserdov I. A. , Moisyuk Ya. G. , Nikolaev G. V. , Ostrovskaya I. V. , Petrova N. Yu. , Petryaev A. V. , Pinchuk A. V. , Platonov V. S. , Poptsov V. N. , Porchkhidze Z. A. , Saydulaev D. A. , Sapozhnikov A. D. , Semchenko S. B. , Skorobogatov M. M. , Tereshchenko V. Yu. , Frolova N. F. , Khalikova D. V. , Khalilulin T. A.
Published: October 2020

We herein present our initial report from «ROKKOR-recipient», a national multicenter observational study. The prevalence, risk factors, clinical manifestations and outcomes of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in solid organ transplant recipients receiving immunosuppressive therapy were investigated. The study enrolled 251 COVID-19 patients (220 kidney recipients, 7 liver recipients, 1 liver-kidney recipient, and 23 heart recipients). The subjects came from 20 regions in Russia. The symptoms, clinical presentation, imaging and lab test results, therapy and outcomes of COVID-19 were described. It was established that solid organ transplant recipients with COVID-19 have a higher risk of developing adverse events. Predictors of adverse events include associated cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases, diabetes, and kidney failure. Symptoms of the disease include dyspnea, rash and catarrhal signs, as well as initial low blood oxygen saturation (SpO2 <92%), leukocytosis (white blood cell count >10 × 109/L), elevated creatinine levels (>130 μmol/L) and a marked decrease in glomerular filtration rate, requiring hemodialysis. Performing organ transplant surgery in COVID-19 does not increase the risk of adverse events but could save the lives of waitlisted terminally ill patients.
Welding of differentially heat-strengthened rails. Laboratory studies
Authors: Kozyrev N. A. , Shevchenko R. A. , Usol’tsev A. A. , Prudnikov A. N.
Published: October 2020

In laboratory conditions, influence of modes of welding with subsequent isothermal holding on quality parameters of welded joint was studied on rail steel samples. Samples were welded with pulses of alternating electric current after welding. Welding was carried out on MS-2008M resistance butt welding machine with a number of alterations of control actions. To measure temperature of the metal in heat affected zone (HAZ), chromel-alumel thermocouples were used. Collection and processing of data from thermocouples was carried out using TEMPOL measuring complex. Temperature of the weld (where it is not possible to install a thermocouple) was measured using HotFind-D thermal imager. Experimental results and physicomechanical properties of the samples are presented: HB hardness, HAZ length, yield strength, tensile strength, ultimate elongation, contraction ratio, and presence of non-metallic inclusions in weld metal. Deviations of hardness were calculated in comparison with the requirements established by GOST R 51685 – 2013 state standard on the surface of samples’ welded joints: decrease-increase and total deviation of hardness. Method of resistant butt welding is proposed, which makes it possible to obtain welded joint of items produced of rail steel with a uniform distribution of hardness and small zone of thermal influence. Dependence of microhardness on volume fraction of structural components was determined. Models of impact of pulsed contact post-welding heating parameters on lowering hardness of weld metal compared to the base metal and on the extent of heat-affected zone were constructed. The proposed method allows us to adjust structure of metal welded joints of rails without additional local heat treatment.
Environmental policy of Novokuznetsk in the context of modern requirements for metallurgical industry development
Authors: Savina I. N. , Vodoleev A. S. , Zakharova M. A. , Domnin K. I.
Published: October 2020

Analysis of air pollution by pollutants, sources of pollution, types of economic activity, and administrative areas in the city of Novokuznetsk over 5 years was carried out. The largest share in the city air emissions is accounted for: CO – 61.8 %; SO2 – 17.4 %; solids – 11.3 %; NO2 – 5.9 %; CH4 – 1.8 %. Dynamics of gross emissions by years is shown. Planned implementation of the approved measures of the national project Ecology will make it possible to reduce air pollution in the city by more than 20 % by 2024, which corresponds to the federal project Clean Air. According to planes of the city industrial enterprises, environmental programs have been prepared, with monitoring by environmental specialists from the city administration and public control. Various measures were taken: automatic stationary posts were put into operation to monitor air pollution in real time; mobile laboratory was acquired to measure urban air. To improve waste management in the city, separate collection projects were implemented. Environmental assets exist and develop in the city, which ideas and projects find common understanding and form ecological attitude of the urban community. Trends in gross emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere of Novokuznetsk are shown for the period of 2014 – 2018; refinements and explanations of the observed trends are given.
Stress-strain state of metal in deformation zone during production of steel section billets on the unit of combined continuous casting and deformation. Report 1
Authors: Lekhov O. S. , Mikhalev A. V.
Published: October 2020

Volumetric problem of determining stress-strain state of metal in deformation zone during forming of three section billets from the slab by separating collars of grooved strikers on the unit of combined continuous casting and deformation was set and solved. The expediency of using such unit was justified for longitudinal division mation are given for St3sp steel. The solid-state finite elements used in calculation of stress-strain state of metal in deformation zone and dimensions of the grid are described. The results of calculation of stress-strain state of metal in deformation zone were obtained by solving the problem of elasticity by the finite element method in volumetric formulation. The results of calculation of displacements and stresses in deformation zone are given in form of graphs and tables by working surfaces in four cross sections and are presented for characteristic points. Values and regularities of distribution of axial displacements in width and length of deformation center were determined during introduction of strikers separating collars into continuously cast slab in production of three section steel billets on the unit of combined continuous casting and deformation.
Crystallization temperatures of complex ferroalloys
Authors: Zayakin O. V. , Renev D. S.
Published: October 2020

Thermo-gravimetric method was used to determine the temperature of crystallization onset of alloys of the Fe – Ni – Cr – C – Si system depending on concentration of chromium and nickel. It was shown that complex ferroalloys containing 0.2 – 21.0 % Ni (at Cr = 25 – 28 %); 0.5 – 45.0 % Cr (at Ni = 10 – 11 %); 2.0 % C and 0.3 % Si, iron, and impurities belong to the category of low-melting alloys and have rational values (1320 – 1400 °C) of crystallization temperatures in terms of their use for steel processing in the ladle. An increase of the chromium content to more than 45 % in these alloys is accompanied by an intense increase of their temperatures of the crystallization onset.
Assessing the limitations to freedom of expression on the internet in Ethiopia against the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Authors: Ayalew Yohannes Eneyew
Published: October 2020

The right to freedom of expression is guaranteed under international law and in the constitutions of most countries. The content of this right has developed and recently has come to be thought of as including the internet as a medium of communication, and the question is raised whether access to the internet is protected under the current set of normative principles. The right to freedom of expression is fully protected under the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, to which Ethiopia is a party. The Ethiopian government restricts freedom of expression on the internet and has adopted extraneous limiting measures. Most of these measures are incompatable with the African Charter. Restrictions to freedom of expression on the internet include internet shutdowns, hate speech and disinformation regulation, repressive laws, and internet censorship. These limitations may (in)directly muzzle freedom of expression in Ethiopia. The writer argues that illegitimate limitations of the right fall short of the quadruple tests of limitation measures, both under the African Charter and the Ethiopian Constitution. As a result, these limitations violate individuals' freedom of expression on the internet. Finally, the article suggests that the Ethiopian government should draw guidance from the African Commission's 2019 Declaration on Freedom of Expression and Access to Information containing rules on limitation measures imposed on freedom of expression on the internet.
Procesos de migración y familias transnacionales de la Sierra Queretana, México
Authors: Urbiola Solís Alejandra Elizabeth
Published: October 2020

La Sierra Queretana, en el centro de México, incluye dos municipios: Amealco de Bonfil y Huimilpan; en ambos, la migración hacia los Estados Unidos es un fenómeno frecuente que ha modificado paulatinamente la forma de organización de las familias. El análisis de la migración se realiza tomando en cuenta al grupo familiar y los cambios en la división sexo-genérica del trabajo y los efectos económicos y culturales que conlleva. El artículo expone las condiciones de vida de los grupos en familias transnacionales, en particular de las mujeres y los parientes que no migran; el desarrollo de emprendimientos y empresas familiares como alternativas posibles del uso de remesas. La pregunta de investigación que se planteó fue conocer las estrategias de supervivencia de las familias transnacionales en relación con los aspectos de cuidado, compromiso y reciprocidad. La metodología es de orientación cualitativa, hermenéutica y de fenomenología; se incluyó una revisión documental y se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas. Como técnicas para la triangulación, se contrastaron resultados de entrevistas y se utilizó la observación no participante. El trabajo de campo se realizó durante los veranos de 2018 y 2019. Se realizaron diecisiete entrevistas a miembros de familias transnacionales y cinco a funcionarios de los municipios estudiados, de la oficina nacional de empleo y una organización civil de apoyo al migrante. Entre los principales resultados se encuentra que las mujeres que no migran enfrentan nuevas condiciones económicas que les implican romper con los esquemas tradicionales de género, aunque la construcción subjetiva de un nuevo rol de género es paulatina, no se asume de manera inmediata; muchas mujeres que no migran no logran romper los roles asignados en la esfera privada ya que las nuevas condiciones de vida que enfrentan no las desligan de su condición de género en la familia, pero al mismo tiempo enfrentan responsabilidades como jefas de familia. Se percibe como una doble jornada laboral que sin embargo no las enfrenta con los miembros de la familia extensa. Los emprendimientos llevados a cabo involucran estrategias de negocios en red que son posibles gracias a las familias extensas y a los vínculos entre los migrantes. El éxito o fracaso de los mismos es percibido no solo como una consecuencia del mercado sino también en relación con la posibilidad de asegurar el envío de remesas.
Análisis del impacto de la innovación, las TIC y el clima empresarial sobre los ingresos de las PYMES
Authors: Fernández-Portillo Antonio , Sánchez-Escobedo Mari Cruz , Almodóvar-González Manuel
Published: October 2020

Las organizaciones tienen como reto constante aumentar sus ingresos a través del volumen de sus ventas. Entre las formas de conseguir este objetivo encontramos la innovación y el uso de las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación (TIC). Parte de la literatura científica señala que estas herramientas permiten no solo competir en el actual entorno económico, complejo y cambiante, sino también mejorar la eficiencia y la eficacia empresarial. Por estos motivos, el objetivo de este trabajo consiste en analizar si la innovación, las TIC y el entrono repercuten en el incremento de los ingresos, a través de las ventas, teniendo en cuenta la percepción sobre el entorno que tienen los responsables de las pymes. Para estudiar el objetivo se ha realizado una encuesta a 250 pymes de la región española de Extremadura. Como aportación principal del trabajo, nuestros resultados sugieren que tanto la innovación como las TIC impactan positivamente en el incremento de las ventas de las pymes, y, por lo tanto, las empresas han de integrarlas como parte fundamental de su estructura.
Competencias profesionales y organizaciones multiculturales: identificación e instrumentos de medida de la competencia intercultural
Authors: Carballal-Broome Ana , Pinillos María José
Published: October 2020

Este trabajo analiza el concepto de competencia intercultural entendida como una competencia profesional para trabajar de manera efectiva en entornos multiculturales, cada vez más comunes en el mundo globalizado. Se trata de una revisión de las distintas maneras de identificación y evaluación de la competencia intercultural, así como de los diversos modelos e instrumentos de medida que sirven para evaluar la competencia intercultural. A través de este estudio se muestra que, a pesar de la importancia de estas habilidades, existen dificultades por parte de las organizaciones a la hora identificar y formar este tipo de competencias. Esto se debe principalmente a dos razones. Por una parte, una minimización de las diferencias culturales que conduce a la falsa creencia de que debido a la globalización estamos abocados a una homogeneización cultural. Por otra parte, la falta de un denominador común a la hora definir la competencia intercultural y de entender su aplicación en entornos profesionales que, a su vez, provoca un desconocimiento de los beneficios profesionales que esta competencia supone para el éxito empresarial.
Discapacidad y emprendimiento. Un estudio cualitativo desde una perspectiva competencial.
Authors: Olaz Capitán Angel José , Ortiz García Pilar
Published: October 2020

Este trabajo pretende realizar una aproximación al fenómeno del empren- dimiento en aquellas personas con discapacidad física y sensorial a través de un estu- dio competencial. En concreto, el estudio identifica las dimensiones y aspectos compe- tenciales que propician y/o limitan la actividad emprendedora de este colectivo. Para ello, se ha utilizado la técnica de grupo nominal. Este artículo explora el perfil de la persona discapacitada en España para situar el papel concedido al emprendimiento —desde una perspectiva sociológica— y abordarlo de un modo más preciso en perso- nas que presentan algún tipo de discapacidad física y sensorial.
Crescimento e fluorescência de alfazema submetida ao osmocondicionamento das sementes e à salinidade
Authors: Figueiredo Francisco Romário Andrade , Nóbrega Jackson Silva , Fátima Reynaldo Teodoro de , Silva Toshik Iarley da , Nascimento Rodrigo Garcia Silva , Bruno Riselane de Lucena Alcântara
Published: October 2020

A alfazema é uma espécie medicinal amplamente utilizada na medicina popular, especialmente na região Nordeste do Brasil. Contudo, seu crescimento pode ser limitado pelo excesso de sais na água utilizada na irrigação, sendo necessária a busca por alternativas que minimizem os efeitos. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o condicionamento osmótico das sementes nas características de crescimento e fluorescência da clorofila ‘a’ em plantas de M. suaveolens sob estresse salino. O delineamento estatístico foi o de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial incompleto 5x5 com cinco níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (0,5; 1,45; 5,00; 8,55; e 10,0 dS m-1) e cinco potenciais osmóticos (0,0; -0,15; -0,50; -0,85; e -1,0 MPa), com quatro repetições constituídas de duas plantas, totalizando nove combinações geradas através da matriz Composto Central de Box. Foram avaliadas as características de crescimento e os parâmetros de fluorescência da clorofila ‘a’ aos 45 dias após o início da aplicação das águas salinas. Os dados foram submetidos aos testes de normalidade (Shapiro-Wilk) e de homogeneidade das variâncias (Bartlett). Após os dados terem atendido aos pressupostos, os mesmos foram submetidos à análise de variância pelo teste F, nos casos de significância foi realizada análise de regressão polinomial. As características de crescimento foram afetadas severamente pelo aumento da salinidade da água de irrigação. Salinidade acima de 3,9 dS m-1 reduz todos os parâmetros de fluorescência da clorofila a em plantas de alfazema brava. O osmocodicionamento das sementes com polietilenoglicol atenua os efeitos negativos da salinidade sobre a emissão de folhas. O condicionamento das sementes com PEG estimula a atividade dos índices de fluorescência da clorofila ‘a’.
Aspectos tecnológicos de um empreendimento de ostreicultura em uma reserva extrativista marinha na Amazônia
Authors: Reis Rogério dos Santos Cruz , Costa Antonio Tarcio da Silva , Rodrigues Renato Pinheiro , Campelo Daniel Abreu Vasconcelos , Veras Galileu Crovatto , Brabo Marcos Ferreira
Published: October 2020

O trabalho teve como objetivo analisar aspectos tecnológicos de um empreendimento de ostreicultura em uma reserva extrativista marinha no litoral amazônico. A pesquisa foi conduzida entre outubro de 2017 a junho de 2018, na iniciativa da Associação de Agricultores e Aquicultores de Nova Olinda (AGROMAR), localizada no município de Augusto Corrêa, Estado do Pará. Efetuou-se o levantamento e a medição da infraestrutura utilizada na criação da ostra nativa Crassostrea gasar, bem como o acompanhamento de todas as etapas do manejo. Constatou-se que há predomínio de mesas fixas no empreendimento, em função, principalmente, da limitada capacidade de investimento dos ostreicultores. O ciclo de produção de até 24 meses torna a infraestrutura disponível subutilizada em termos de produtividade. Recomenda-se a remoção de predadores e incrustações das ostras com periodicidade quinzenal, duração do ciclo de produção de no máximo 12 meses e realização de pelo menos quatro repicagens para classificação por tamanho e adoção de diferentes densidades de estocagem nos travesseiros.
As racionalidades que permeiam a bovinocultura de leite no semiárido cearense
Authors: Silva Neto Oscar Lourenço da , Marquesan Fábio Freitas Schilling
Published: October 2020

A bovinocultura leiteira é uma atividade arraigada à cultura sertaneja e ainda permanece economicamente forte no semiárido cearense. Embora existam discussões e embates sobre a sustentabilidade dessa atividade em um ambiente adverso como o semiárido, os produtores requerem alternativas que reduzam o impacto ambiental e, ao mesmo tempo, mantenham viva a tradição secular de criar gado nessa região, rica em costumes e lutas, mas cercada de desafios e limitações. Diante disso, o objetivo do trabalho é identificar e analisar quais são as racionalidades que permeiam a atividade de bovinocultura de leite no semiárido cearense. Os estudos teóricos sobre as ações sociais e os tipos de racionalidades, na visão de Max Weber, fundamentam o referencial para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa. Tomando como pressuposto a identificação das racionalidades que permeiam a atividade, o presente trabalho se aprofunda nos tipos de racionalidades perceptíveis nos produtores de leite, sejam elas a racionalidade econômica ou a substantiva. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa básica que se desenvolveu por meio da realização de entrevistas com informantes locais. Os resultados indicaram a existência de produtores de leite condicionados tanto na racionalidade substantiva quanto produtores condicionados na racionalidade econômica. Contudo, o que predomina é a racionalidade substantiva na medida em que os produtores continuam ligados às tradições e culturas, predominantemente.
Pegada hídrica na mineração: análise de aplicabilidade na extração e beneficiamento da Gipsita Pernambucana
Authors: Santos João Paulo de Oliveira , El-Deir Soraya Giovanetti , Alencar Sidney Kal-Rais Pereira de , Silva Kardelan Arteiro da , Pessoa Lidiane Almeida
Published: October 2020

As atividades de exploração e beneficiamento de minerais são reconhecidamente responsáveis por severas pressões sobre os ecossistemas em que estão inseridas, sendo assim necessário mensurar esses impactos através do uso de indicadores. Nos últimos anos, a Pegada Hídrica (PH) tem ganhado espaço como indicador de sustentabilidade, principalmente por medir a apropriação dos recursos hídricos por atividades antrópicas. Frente à carência de estudos que abordem a aplicação desse indicador para atividades minerais, o presente estudo objetivou avaliar a aplicabilidade do uso da PH para as etapas de exploração e beneficiamento de gipsita em Pernambuco, maior produtor brasileiro desse minério. A demanda de uso de água nessas etapas foi analisada in loco, identificando-se os processos responsáveis por consumir esse recurso em seus três modos de inserção na quantificação final da PH; a água azul, verde e cinza. Para as etapas analisadas, observou-se uma predominância do uso indireto da água; com destaque para a água verde embutida no uso de lenha da Caatinga e a água cinza proveniente da degradação da qualidade dos reservatórios da região pela liberação de particulados, ambas na etapa de beneficiamento. O consumo de água azul tanto na exploração, quanto no beneficiamento, é pouco representativo, visto que são processos realizados a seco. O uso da PH para esse segmento produtivo representa um importante mecanismo para quantificar a pressão antrópica sob os recursos hídricos locais, em uma região que tradicionalmente enfrenta problemas de escassez hídrica, assim, a quantificação desta é importante para traçar estratégias de sustentabilidade setorial.
A cross sectional study on risk factors associated with acute lower respiratory tract infection among children aged 6 to 60 months
Authors: Noorani Tabrez Altaf , Kothari Jaini S. , Kanabar Bhavesh
Published: October 2020

Background: Acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI) is leading cause of hospitalization and mortality among children under 5 years age in developing societies. Risk factors such as socioeconomic status, overcrowding, parental education, passive smoking, exposure to biomass fuels, kerosene lamps etc should also be considered in possible etiology of ALRI. Knowledge of risk factors would help prevention through proper health education efforts and other interventional community development initiatives. The objective of the study was to study various socio-demographic and nutritional risk factors associated with acute lower respiratory tract infection among 6 to 60 months aged childrenMethods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care institute Gujarat state of India. All the children in the age group of 6 months to 60 months admitted in paediatrics ward with ALRI were included in study. Data collection was done using a pretested questionnaire including socio-demographic factors. Data was analyzed using Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) and excel and p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Higher percentage (32%) of malnutrition was observed in age group of 13 months to 36 months (p<0.05). Lack of maternal education is significantly associated with malnutrition in patients of acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) (p<0.05). Passive smoking was found among 38.1% of ALRI patients in urban area while it was among 25.6% of patients in rural patients (p<0.05). Difference in exposure to biomass fuel among rural and urban patients is statistically significant (p<0.05). Giving pre-lacteal feeding (63.9%), incomplete immunization (56.8%), no birth spacing (50.2%), no predominant breast feeding (47.7%) are some of the leading causes of acute LRTI.Conclusion: Socio-demographic factors and malnutrition impact ALRI among 6 to 60 months age group of children according to place of residence.
Instrumento Avaliativo do Desenvolvimento das Competências no Curso de Graduação em Administração
Authors: Zambarda Andrea Bencke , Poli Odilon Luiz
Published: October 2020

As Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCNs) do curso de graduação em Administração estabelecem competências a serem desenvolvidas no processo de formação dos estudantes em Administração. O desafio é a avaliação do desenvolvimento efetivo das competências ao longo do processo de formação profissional. O presente estudo tem como objetivo elaborar descritores que possibilitem a avaliação do nível de desenvolvimento das oito competências estabelecidas pelas DCNs nos estudantes de administração. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva com enfoque quantitativo. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de questionários aplicados a um grupo de especialistas, utilizando-se o método Delphi. O resultado do estudo foi a elaboração de um instrumento, com 33 descritores, validado pelos especialistas, que possibilita aos gestores acadêmicos a avaliação do processo de formação no curso de graduação em Administração.
Por Dentro da Caixa Preta da Inovação Social: Proposição de um Modelo Teórico-Explicativo Sobre o seu Processo de Desenvolvimento e Sugestões para Pesquisas Futuras
Authors: Morais da Silva Rodrigo Luiz , Segatto Andréa Paula
Published: October 2020

A inovação social vem sendo considerada como uma resposta aos problemas que afligem a sociedade, como a pobreza, a fome e os desafios relacionados aos limites dos recursos ambientais. Embora um considerável número de pesquisas tenha sido realizado, há espaço para contribuições que se dediquem a compreender o que ocorre dentro dessa “caixa preta”, em referência ao termo utilizado por Rosenberg (1982), a fim de melhor esclarecer o processo de inovação social. Nesse sentido, este estudo tem o objetivo de analisar o processo de inovação social e propor um modelo teórico-explicativo. Para tanto, é feita uma revisão das contribuições presentes na literatura sobre modelos utilizados para explicar o processo de inovação social. Uma vez constatada falta de consenso, foi sugerido um modelo teórico-explicativo como principal contribuição deste estudo. O modelo proposto apresenta o processo de inovação social como sendo composto por sete fases: investigação, análise e proposição de soluções, formalização e projeto piloto, manutenção, avaliação, escalabilidade, mudança social sistêmica. Além disso, este estudo chama atenção para o modo coletivo com que a inovação social é desenvolvida, embora os modelos publicados não revelem tal especificidade. A partir da perspectiva processual proposta, novas possibilidades de pesquisas podem ser desenvolvidas na tentativa de melhor compreender a trajetória de projetos de inovação social por meio de um olhar mais específico.
O Papel do Marketing no Bem-Estar do Consumidor: Analisando Dicotomias
Authors: Cervi Cleber , Baggio Daniel Knebel , Sausen Juliana Da Fonseca Capsa Lima
Published: October 2020

Frequentemente, as pessoas criticam as práticas do marketing por acreditarem que elas não são éticas e que não estimulam o bem-estar dos consumidores. A partir desta crítica, este artigo analisa como a disciplina de marketing tem tratado o tema do bem-estar do consumidor nos últimos anos. Através de uma reflexão teórica, este trabalho propõe uma comparação das dicotomias micro e macromarketing versus bem-estar econômico e bem-estar sustentável, sendo possível posicionar o papel do marketing em duas perspectivas diferentes e entender como o consumo influencia esse processo. Nota-se que essas perspectivas estão posicionadas em lógicas de consumo distintas e que a ideologia do consumo molda o entendimento dominante sobre bem-estar dos consumidores. O artigo apresenta a necessidade de uma postura dos pesquisadores de marketing no sentido de integrar as visões e os objetivos do micro e do macromarketing, oferecendo para a sociedade pesquisas que contemplem benefícios para as organizações e os consumidores.
Examples of codification of the dynamics of arational function into a topological tree
Authors: Cano Laura , Domínguez, Patricia , Vázquez Josué
Published: October 2020

in 1736 L. Euler gave solution to the famous Seven Bridges ofKönigsberg problem, considerin a graph consisting of nodesrepresenting thelandmasses and arcs representing the bridges. This problemis a referent ofhow to codify the information given of a problem into a simpler and richerstructure. In the case of the Dynamics of rational functions, Shishikura in[5] explores this idea in the context of rational functions,and he stated aconnection between a certain kind of topological tree with ap-cycle of Hermanrings associated to a rational function. In this work we develop some examplesof realizable configurations for rational functions, two ofthem sketched in [5],and an example of a non realizable configuration which we modify in orderto be realizable.
Ontological approach to the creation of digital twins of energy objects and systems
Authors:   Energy Systems Institute named L.A. Melentiev SB RAS, Irkutsk, Russia, Massel L.V. , Vorozhtsova T.N. ,   Energy Systems Institute named L.A. Melentiev SB RAS, Irkutsk, Russia
Published: October 2020

The article discusses prerequisites for the application of the ontological approach to the construction of digital twins, taking into account the available results in the field of ontological engineering of energy systems. It is proposed to use the accumulated experience in developing mathematical models of energy objects and systems of different levels, as well as experience in building ontologies of tasks and methods, ontological models for describing and accumulating expert knowledge for building and integrating mathematical, imitation and ontological models as the basis for digital twins. Basic concepts in the field of digital twins are introduced, the main types of digital twins and their difference from “digital shadows” are considered. The stages of the transition to digital twins are proposed, the most important of which is the ontological engineering of the subject area, which ends with the construction of the corresponding ontological models. Examples of heuristic ontologies are given as a result of ontological engineering of the subject area related to heat power engineering. An example of a logical ontology in XML for a thermal power plant is given. The novelty of the proposed approach lies in the fact that when creating digital twins, the structuring of the knowledge of the subject area is preliminarily performed using ontological models, on the basis of which the information and mathematical models are then built constituting the basis of digital twins and software systems driven by ontologies are developed.
Algorithms for the formation and pragmatic transformation of Existence Constraints
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Samara, Russia, Semenova V.A. ,   Samara Federal Research Scientific Center RAS, Institute for the Control of Complex Systems RAS, Samara, Russia, Smirnov S.V. ,   Samara Federal Research Scientific Center RAS, Institute for the Control of Complex Systems RAS, Samara, Russia
Published: October 2020

The research area of this article is data mining, specifically the direction "ontological data analysis" developed by the authors, which should be understood as the analysis of empirical data on an unexplored, unstructured knowledge domain in order to build its formal ontology. The research subject of this article is the formation of a set of properties which are supposed to characterize objects of the studied knowledge domain (and, therefore, are subject to measurement in the broadest sense of the word), but with restrictions on the combination of such characteristics in objects — properties "existence constraints". The objectives of the research are to develop algorithms for the step-by-step formation of a set of measured properties with existence constraints, algorithms for modifying such a set (replacing and deleting properties), an algorithm for transforming the "natural" description of this set as a set with relations specified on it into a form convenient for the subsequent constructive use of information about existence constraints in ontological data analysis. In the paper we use the methods of set theory, binary relations, models and methods of formal concept analysis and the methodology for applying the existence constraints to construct formal ontologies. The difference and novelty of the proposed algorithms for the formation of a set of properties with existence constraints lies, first of all, in the "natural" and efficient representation of such sets in the form of graphs and incidence matrices (from the point of view of machine implementation). The novelty of the algorithms for modifying a set of properties with existence constraints lies in performed for the first time algorithmization of unique methods for expanding the set of measured properties that address directly the fundamen tal laws of classical logic. The same is true for the algorithm for transforming a set of measured properties into a set of properties groups that are homogeneous in the form of existential conjugation of member properties. The significance of the results obtained lies in the algorithmic support of a number of stages of ontological data analysis.
Priority classification of combat unmanned aerial vehicles based on a comprehensive assessment of the main indicators
Authors:   National research nuclear University (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia, Kryanev A.V. , Semenov S. S. ,   Joint Stock Company «State research and production enterprise «Region», Moscow, Russia, Kaldaeva A. E. ,   National research nuclear University (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2020

In this work, we solved the problem of obtaining estimates of the prospects combat of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) according to the available estimates of a certain part of UAVs and their further clustering by the value of the complex priority indicator. A new estimation scheme is proposed that uses five known particular indicators of each assessed UAV, which, after normalizing them and determining the significance coefficients of particular indicators, were combined into a complex UAV indicator. Based on the obtained estimates of the complex indicator of each of the considered UAVs, the clustering of the set of the considered UAVs was carried out according to the belonging of the complex indicator to the intervals of its possible values from 0 to 100. One hundred or zero points can be obtained by that UAV, in which all particular indicators have respectively the best or worst values among all compared UAVs. Clustering made it possible to divide the UAVs into groups according to the principle of similarity of the tasks performed. In the Python programming language, a program was developed that implements the proposed clustering scheme, and allows to obtain estimates of objects and classify these objects according to the principle of proximity of complex indicators. This scheme allows to identify the best (and worst) UAVs in each of the UAV classes, distinguished by the commonly used clustering indicator, takeoff weight. About 14% of UAVs considered in this work were included in the best cluster in terms of complex indicator with an indicator value of at least 59 points with a maximum score of 100 points. The obtained results can be used in the development of requirements for the equipment and operation of UAVs.
Ontologies of scientific and technological forecasting in the interests of ensuring the defense and security of the state
Authors:   Federal state unitary enterprise «Аll-Russia scientific and research institute «Center», Moscow, Russia, Afanasiev A.L. , Golubev S. S. ,   Federal state unitary enterprise «Аll-Russia scientific and research institute «Center», Moscow, Russia,   Moscow Polytechnic University, Moscow, Russia, Kuritsyn A.V. ,   Federal state unitary enterprise «Аll-Russia scientific and research institute «Center», Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2020

The relevance is substantiated and proposals for the creation of ontologies for scientific and technological forecasting in the field of defense and state security are formulated based on the methodology for constructing conceptual maps. A basic version of the ontology has been developed, reflecting the interrelationships of the main concepts. The main directions of using ontologies for solving the problems of program-targeted development of the weapons system and the military-industrial complex of the Russian Federation are determined. A visual approach to the creation of ontological models of scientific and technological forecasting allows participants in the formation of a forecast to facilitate the process of researching the material of scientific and technological forecasting. The conceptual maps of formation of general forecast, scientific and technological forecast, forecast of military technologies are developed, as well as the areas of application of the ontology of scientific and technological forecast are shown and the issues of automation of forecast formation are considered. The novelty of the presented results lies in a systematic and comprehensive description of the ontology of the formation of a forecast for the development of science and technology in the interests of ensuring the country's defense and state security, which allows eliminating the ambiguity of views on the processes of scientific and technological forecasting. The formed ontological system expands the knowledge of specialists in the formation of forecasts in this area, allows them to unambiguously interpret the concepts, comprehensively and systematically approach the formation of forecasts, which will contribute to improving the quality of the forecasts being generated. Forecasts are part of the unified initial data in the formation of state programs for armament and the development of the military-industrial complex. Authors believe that the proposed ontological system of scientific and technological forecasting will contribute to increasing the feasibility of measures and the effectiveness of state programs.
Ratio Legis of Giving Task of Indonesian Military in Handling Terrorism Act as a Part of Military Operation Other Than War
Authors: Widarsono Widarsono , Djatmika Prija , Suryokumoro Herman , Puspitawati Dhiana
Published: October 2020

Ratio legis is the reason or purpose for making a law, ratio legis is a thought that becomes philosophical basis or content behind the inception of the law. Related to ratio legis, the legislation in every country has different characteristics in arranging it, specifically in the legislation related to the defense certainly has its defense strategy which is adjusted to geographical condition, threat and ideology. State defense is aimed to defend the wholeness of a state, state sovereignty and nation’s safety from threat and disturbance to the wholeness of nation and state. Then state defense of Indonesia can be understood as a total defense system that involve all citizens, regions and other national resources. System of defense is prepared early by the government and held totally, integrated, directed, and continued to enforce state sovereignty, wholeness of region and nation’s safety from the threat of system of stte defense which then it needs to be formulated into instrument of law or legislation. This study uses normative legal research, analyzing relation of article 30 UUD 1945, article 7 UU No. 34 year 2004 on Indonesian Military (TNI) and article 43 UU No. 5 Year 2018 on Eradication of Terrorism Criminal Act and other regulation related to legal issues of regulating terrorism eradication from the perspective of state defense and safety, specifically giving task of Indonesian Military in solving terrorism act as a part of Military Operation other than war. The aim that wants to be achieved is finding consistency and conformity among related laws namely giving task of Indonesian Military in handling terrorism act and its relation to Military Operation other than war. From the study, it obtains an  argument to answer actual issue of terrorism eradication from the relevant and urgent defense and safety perspectives for Indonesia that becomes the focus of this study
Interpretation of Human and Political Leader in a Totalitarian System: Conception and Essence
Authors: Samadovich Makhmudov Komal
Published: October 2020

In this article, all the concepts related to political life in the conditions of the former Soviet totalitarian policy and their interaction, the social relations of the subjects, its criteria of social justice, its active influence in the context of human interests are analyzed. Furthermore, it analyzes the role of the leader of the Soviet republic in the protection of national interests in the context of political and economic dependence. The essence of the Center's secret policy towards Uzbekistan in the field of raw materials will be revealed. The oppression and violence in the activities of states and in the process of international political relations in the XXI century reveals the essence of totalitarian politics, the notion of the individual and the political leader in society, which creates contradictions in understanding the essence of the concept of man, political leader.The policy of the totalitarian regime always emphasizes the suppression of the people's spirit of freedom, the essence of the secret policy of trying to obscure the individual position in man, and then completely extinguish it.In a totalitarian society, personality traits tend to be more aggressive. Political leaders are characterized by the fear of the individual, distrust of people, sensitivity to hidden threats and motives, constant striving for power, control over others. His morals and actions are often vague. A paranoid-style politician does not accept anything else from his point of view, rejecting any information that does not support his theory.The prevailing policy in Uzbekistan deprives the people of the leading power through various pressures, such as the repression of national figures, their exclusion from socio-political life. The essence of the survivor being a servant of this system is revealed.
Competence of Teachers as Professional Educators
Authors: Zulfakar Zulfakar
Published: October 2020

Teacher is a respectable and noble profession since the independence era of the Republic of Indonesia, which is sometimes still underestimated by some people in a number of countries in the world, Asia, and even Indonesia, as well as what happened in some areas including Lombok-West Nusa Tenggara-Indonesia. When viewed regarding the influence of teachers as educators on their students, it is very large, therefore, if the curriculum, methods and learning media do not support activities teacher-driven teaching and learning, at every level and education level, it is most likely that students the bine note is the next generation of the struggle of the parents in the family, which in parallel is the human resource on which the struggle of a nation is based and will be neglected by others personally, and from other nations in the world, as an institution. With the progress of the times and all media-based learning tools and current technology, it is hoped that the competence of teaching staff can quickly adjust to the demands and progress existing in all fields related to their task in learning. This article generally provides an overview of the importance of teaching staff in carrying out their duties professionally, supported by pro-education policy tools, and everything related to it. from policy-makers, and a set of learning media that support the progress and smoothness of the teaching and learning process for teachers and students wherever they are, because the if teachers and students do not immediately innovate in learning, it will automatically fall behind in all fields, in learning and in life.