bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on multiple bubbles in China’s multi-level stock market
Authors: Li Ge , Xiao Ming , Yang Xionghui , Guo Ying , Yang Shengyi
Published: August 2021

Financial bubbles have always been a topic of long-term concern for economists. Understanding bubble phenomenon and dating the period of bubbles in real time can provide an early warning diagnosis for financial bubbles and help regulatory authorities to control it and maintain market order. The generalized sup ADF (GSADF) and backward sup ADF (BSADF) tests with flexible window width can effectively detect and date periodically collapsing bubbles in real time. Based on the financial present value model, this paper applies right-tail recursive ADF test to test multiple bubbles in China’s multi-level stock market. Unlike the other researches in China, the ratios of the real stock prices’ natural logarithm to the real dividends’ natural logarithm are used for our testing instead of stock price index. Empirical results show that there are 8 bubbles in the Main-Board Market, 6 bubbles in the Small and Medium Enterprises Board (SMEs), and 4 bubbles in the Growth Enterprise Market (GEM). These bubbles are liquidity-driven and presuppose a loose credit cycle, with the exception of bubbles in 2014–2015. The frequent emergence of bubbles in a short time indicates that China’s stock market is still emerging market. In addition, frequent fluctuations imply there is a serious “herd effect” and a lack of monitoring mechanism for bubble risk. This study not only enrich the real-time dynamic research on periodical bubbles of China’s stock market, but also provide an empirical reference for investors’ investment choices, financial decisions of listed companies and warning mechanism of regulatory authorities.
Mix(tap)ing: A method for sampling the past to envision the future
Authors: Love Michael J.
Published: August 2021

This article outlines the theoretical and aesthetic considerations of Love’s performance-as-research method for developing interdisciplinary tap dance work – a method he identifies as Mix(tap)ing. By first narrating how he arrived to his current practice as a dancemaker and artistic researcher, Love is able to show the ways in which his method samples strategies, voices and traditions from the cultural past to imagine and work towards futuristic locations of liberation and possibility. Ultimately, Mix(tap)ing allows Love to layer intellectual concepts and theatrical conventions in order to design an approach to rhythm tap dance improvisation and choreography that is expressly Black and queer. This article is, in itself, a demonstration of Love’s method as it joins written analysis with a performed lecture script to evidence how Love has previously presented one of his Mix(tap)es.
Bone in the Throat: Video archiving and identity building within the Montreal hardcore scene
Authors: Bérubé-Sasseville Olivier
Published: August 2021

During the 1990s and early 2000s, the Montreal hardcore scene was a vibrant, thriving and dynamic subculture with a strong sense of community. The generational and cyclical nature of such scenes has led, over the past two decades, to a significant crowd turnover with older people leaving and newcomers taking over. However, through the emergence of an Instagram account created by a man named Andy Chico Mak, its past memories are resurfacing. The recent dissemination of the Bone in the Throat series on social media, along with other archives including flyers, interviews and never-seen-before footage from the era, sparks a series of questions regarding the role and impact of archiving subcultures. Since the archival turn in social sciences, archives are considered as a reflexive and constitutive process of identity building and collective memory creating. In the case of subcultures, often overlooked by official heritage institutions, the importance of understanding archives as a site of cultural production is paramount. The collection and preservation of self-produced documents is key to scholars in order to understand the social and political dynamics at the heart of those communities. This article analyses the impact of years of video archives, gathered and organized through the work of Andy Chico Mak, in the process allowing the creation of collective memory and the development of ‘scene identity’. By relating to contemporary conversations about archiving subcultures, it also provides insight into the impact of new technologies and the creation of ‘subcultural collective memory’.
Political correctness and the right to free speech: the case of preferred pronouns
Authors: De Lora Pablo
Published: August 2021

In this paper I argue for the general duty to refer to transgender people by their preferred pronouns when they are conventional. In the case of non-conventional, tailor-made pronouns, there is no such duty because those so-called “designated pronouns” are not actually functional pronouns. Last, but not least, even though there is a duty of civility to use the designated name and conventional pronoun of trans-people, individuals retain the right to speak out their belief in that sex and gender are biological facts, and thus, the right to state in reference to a transwoman: “She is not a woman”.
Consonances and Dissonances Between Legal Realisms
Authors: C. B. Bittar Eduardo
Published: August 2021

This paper is a comparative reflection of the models of Legal Realism in the Theory of Law, considering the North-American Legal Realism, the Scandinavian Legal Realism and the Brazilian Legal Realism. This article presents the Theory of Realistic Humanism within Legal Realism with the Critical Theory of Law.
Perceptions and beliefs to the use of epidemic / pandemic commercial film in the classroom: Inputs to guide learning
Authors: Tuesca Molina Rafael , Rodríguez-Avila Nuria , Moreno-Castro Carolina
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Valorar el uso de la película comercial (“Contagion”) como estrategia para la enseñanza del método epidemiológico aplicado al campo de epidemias/pandemias. Materiales y métodos: se trata de un proyecto de aula que involucró diversas tecnologías emergentes y de comunicación para disponer de herramientas atractivas y pedagógicas que favorezcan aprendizaje significativo para abordaje de temáticas complejas. La actuación pedagógica involucró diversos insumos: Inicialmente se presenta la caracterización de un cuestionario “ah doc.” que valoró creencias y percepciones ante una epidemia/pandemia y como visibilizaban entes de salud local e internacional, los científicos, la comunidad y el uso de pelicula en el escenario de aprendizaje, participando 131 estudiantes. Resultados: En síntesis, los estudiantes identifican que este tipo de pelicula muestra una realidad “acuerdo y totalmente de acuerdo en un 70,2%, favorece conductas de protección en un 80,2% y al 78,6% modifica su conocimiento con respecto a la protección de salud. Ello posiciona que favorece un aprendizaje en el aula y para el 42% se expresa de manera indiferente un estereotipo muy alejado de los científicos. Con este insumo inicial se desarrolló la sesión introductoria de abordaje de puntos críticos en la metodología epidemiológica ante una epidemia/pandemia, lo que permitió ilustrar la acción epidemiológica versus el contexto real o simulado destacando actuaciones que involucran actos humanos. Conclusiones: Los estudiantes expresaron actitud positiva de la estrategia utilizada en el aula que lo constituye en un insumo pertinente, activo, crítico y eficaz para el aprendizaje en el aula.
Educational practices in health: fundamental axis in the development of early childhood in integral development centers
Authors: Suárez-Villa Mariela , Borré-Ortiz Yeis Miguel , Expósito María Yaquelín , Pérez Almagro María del Carmen
Published: August 2021

La primera infancia es considerada un periodo importante del ciclo vital humano, debido a que durante esta etapa se establecen las bases para el adecuado desarrollo integral del individuo, permitiéndole, en la edad adulta, avances significativos en sus capacidades educativas, emocionales y sociales para su desenvolvimiento en los diferentes escenarios. Las prácticas educativas en salud llevadas a cabo en los Centros de Desarrollo Integral, se constituyen en eje fundamental para el desarrollo de la primera infancia, puesto que forman parte de la cotidianidad del cuidado que se brinda en dichos centros durante esta primera etapa de vida. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, las personas que tienen a su cargo el cuidado de niños y niñas menores de cinco años en los Centros de Desarrollo Integral deben poseer formación amplia y pertinente sobre temas relacionados con la nutrición y alimentación, higiene personal, crecimiento y desarrollo del infante, estilos de vida saludables y el buen trato; de manera que les permita fomentar ambientes propicios de aprendizaje y, por consiguiente, contribuir al fortalecimiento del crecimiento y desarrollo integral de los niños y niñas.
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): state of the pandemic, clinical scenarios, strategies for the health sector and its bioethical aspects
Authors: Vergara Cárdenas Sergio , Zannin Ferrero Andreina , Celis Regalado Luis Gustavo
Published: August 2021

Objetivos. Realizar una revisión en la literatura que aborde diferentes aspectos de la pandemia del COVID-19, dirigido a los profesionales de las ciencias de la salud o de otras disciplinas, interesados en adquirir conocimientos sobre el SARS-CoV-2 con una visión integral. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda en la literatura utilizando términos Mesh en las siguientes bases de datos: Pubmed, Ovid, Clinical Key, Science Direct, para su análisis y selección de acuerdo a su relevancia en nuevos aportes. Resultados. Se evaluaron diversos estudios de cohortes, investigaciones clínicas experimentales, guías interinas de práctica de diversos organismos como el CDC y WHO, en donde se identifican las características epidemiológicas del patógeno, los estudios en CoVs previos, así como también los lineamientos preventivos, éticos y evaluación de fármacos ante el COVID-19. Conclusiones. Conocer el origen del patógeno, estructura, modo de transmisión, adecuada selección dentro de los criterios diagnósticos, entre otros puntos claves que contribuyen en el fortalecimiento de nuevas medidas preventivas y terapéuticas que puedan llegar a ser implementadas por el personal sanitario, generando mejoras en la atención de los pacientes con posible diagnóstico de COVID-19.
Airway management in COVID-19 diagnostic patient
Authors: Abuabara-Franco Emilio , Diaz-Rendón Michael Alejandro , Romero-Henríquez Angélica , Herrera-Cogollo Natalia , Bohórquez-Rivero José , Uparella-Gulfo Isabella
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: En la presente revisión narrativa se realiza una descripción de las técnicas de manejo de la vía aérea en paciente con diagnóstico de COVID-19.Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una exhaustiva búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos Science Direct y PubMed. Se incluyeron artículos originales y artículos de revisión. También se incluyeron actualizaciones de las entidades internacionales y nacionales acerca de la situación actual de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 y el manejo de la vía aérea en pacientes con diagnóstico de COVID-19.Resultados: Para el manejo de la vía aérea en pacientes con diagnóstico de COVID-19 es imprescindible el uso del equipo de protección completa. El profesional de la salud debe estar capacitado para la realización de los procedimientos necesarios para llevar a cabo dicho tópico. Se debe tener presente que aplicarlos de forma ordenada, rápida y eficaz reducirá la exposición al SARS-CoV-2.Conclusiones: Se considera que al realizar todos los pasos adecuados para el manejo de la vía aérea en este tipo de pacientes se reducirá notablemente la posibilidad de contagio de un profesional de la salud. Sin embargo, cabe resaltar que actualmente muchas instituciones no cuentan con todo el equipo de protección o con el personal capacitado para llevar a cabo tan importante tarea; por lo cual se están investigado medidas más económicas tanto para el manejo de la vía aérea como para la rehabilitación de estos pacientes
Clinical manifestations of congenital Insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis
Authors: Santoya Montes Yanin Elena , Puentes Rozo Pedro
Published: August 2021

Introducción: La insensibilidad congénita al dolor con anhidrosis (HSAN-IV o CIPA) es una enfermedad rara con sintomatología multisistémica, que impacta el funcionamiento cognitivo, afectando negativamente la calidad de vida los pacientes y sus familias. Se estima que la mayoría de los individuos con la enfermedad mueren antes de los tres años por las complicaciones que esta genera. Objetivo: Es propósito de este articulo realizar una revisión de la sintomatología clínica de la enfermedad y las alteraciones neurocognitivas reportadas en 145 casos de pacientes con insensibilidad congénita al dolor con anhidrosis reportados en la literatura científica entre 2000 y 2017. Desarrollo: La revisión permitió identificar los síntomas clínicos más frecuentes en los pacientes con insensibilidad congénita al dolor con anhidrosis IV: fiebres, anhidrosis, osteomielitis, fracturas, artropatías y necrosis avascular. Conclusiones: La insensibilidad congénita al dolor con anhidrosis como enfermedad multisistémica tiene implicaciones cognitivas en pacientes que la padecen, sin embargo se desconoce el nivel de impacto de esta enfermedad en el comportamiento y las funciones superiores de los pacientes afectados.
Cognition and Functional Capacity in the Elderly Adult
Authors: Leitón Espinoza Zoila Esperanza , Fajardo-Ramos Elizabeth , López-González Ángel , Martínez-Villanueva Rosa María , Villanueva-Benites Maritza Evangelina
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: determinar la relación entre la cognición y la capacidad funcional en la persona adulta mayor. Método: Investigación descriptiva transversal, correlacional realizada en 2015-2016 en la región La Libertad-Perú, con 1110 adultos mayores de 60 años y más, ambos sexos, aptos o no física y mentalmente. quienes cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y aceptaron voluntariamente participar en el estudio. Se midieron la variables cognición con el Minimental State Examination (MMSE) de Folstein y Cols., y la capacidad funcional con el indice de Katz modificado, para las actividades básicas de la vida diaria (ABVD) y la escala de Lawton y Brody para las actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria (AIVD), proporcionando un índice de autonomía-dependencia. Recolectada la información, se hizo un análisis bivariado para determinar la relación entre las variables utilizando la prueba chicuadrado. Resultados: El mayor porcentaje (22.7%) de los adultos mayores estuvieron en edades de (60-64 años), 58.8% mujeres, 47.4% con instrucción primaria, 93.6% cognitiva normal, y 83,4% y 60 % fueron independiente en las actividades básicas de la vida diaria (ABVD) y en las actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria (AIVD) respectivamente. Existe relación altamente significativa entre la cognición y la capacidad funcional de las actividades básicas de la vida diaria (ABVD) (x2=206.0 valor p= 0.000) y actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria (AIVD) (x2=289.0 valor p= 0.000). Conclusiones: El envejecimiento saludable implica la capacidad de conservar y mantener altos niveles de funcionalidad cognitiva y física, y son los principales determinantes de la calidad de vida y de bienestar en la vejez, y para enfermería son desafíos promover y/o mantener la autonomía e independencia al nivel más alto posible.
25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and cardiovascular risk in a university student population of Armenia-Colombia
Authors: Panesso-Valencia Laura Juliana , Celis-Giraldo Daniel , Nieto-Cárdenas Olga Alicia
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Describir la relación entre los niveles de 25-hidroxivitamina D y el riesgo cardiovascular en universitarios de Armenia-Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal durante 2017-2018. Se calculó el riesgo cardiovascular por las escalas Framingham, Framingham Colombia y OMS/ISH. Se determinaron los niveles de lípidos, insulina, citocinas y 25-hidroxivitamina D. Posteriormente se realizaron pruebas de Anova, regresión múltiple y prueba de Chi-Cuadrado. Se consideró un nivel de significancia cuando p <0,05.Resultados: La edad promedio fue 21,05 años (IC95: 20,62 - 21,48) y el promedio de vitamina D fue 27,7 ng/ml (IC95: 26,52 - 28,88). Hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas por sexo (p=0,009), siendo más frecuente la deficiencia e insuficiencia en el sexo femenino. El promedio de Puntaje Framingham fue -4,02±3,7. La variación explicada (R2) del Puntaje Framingham tiene relación con colesterol (p<0,001), cHDL (p<0,001) y vitamina D (p=0,039). El Porcentaje Framingham se relaciona con edad (p=0,031), perímetro abdominal (p=0,005), interferón-? (p<0,001) e interleucina-6 (p=0,050). Conclusión: La deficiencia e insuficiencia de vitamina D fueron condiciones prevalentes en esta población. La variación explicada del modelo de puntaje Framingham se asoció con colesterol, cHDL y vitamina D. El porcentaje de Framingham tuvo relación con la edad, el perímetro abdominal, interferón-? e interleucina-6.
Bacterias multirresistentes en Centros de Cuidado de niños
Authors: Soto Lesmes Virginia , Gómez Ramírez Arlen Patricia , Rodríguez Martha Fabiola , Parrado Lozano Yaneth , Gómez Ramírez Olga
Published: August 2021

Purpose:To describe the antibiotic resistance of isolated bacteria on the surfaces of child care centers. Methods:Swabs were used to sample the surfaces in 266 child care centers in Bogotá (Colombia). Bacterial characterization and susceptibility patterns were verified using a computerized system. Results:A total of 151 different bacteria were obtained, primarily in the kitchens (36%). Staphylococcuswas a frequent find, especially: S. hominis, S. saprophyticusand S. epidermidis;2.7% were resistant to methicillin. Klebsiella oxytocawas the most isolated bacteria in kitchens, with high resistance to antibiotics. Conclusion:This investigation shows the importance of identifying the bacteria present in different environments to which children are exposed to continuously supervise hygiene habits in child day care centers.
Biodentine: a dentine substitute?
Authors: Simancas Escorcia Victor Hugo , Díaz Caballero Antonio
Published: August 2021

La BiodentineTM es un material a base de silicato de calcio que ha sido concebido como un sustituto de la dentina. Es frecuentemente utilizada en diversas situaciones clínicas como el recubrimiento pulpar (directo e indirecto), la pulpotomía, perforaciones endodónticas, apexificación, entre otras. El objetivo de esta revisión es proporcionar un análisis detallado de las propiedades físicas-químicas y biológicas de la BiodentineTM y sus principales aplicaciones clínicas. Se realizó una búsqueda electrónica de literatura en las bases de datos: Medline (Pubmed), EBSCO-Host y Science direct (Elsevier) hasta diciembre del año 2017. El 92 % de los artículos referenciados en esta revisión fueron seleccionados a través de esta búsqueda. Los resultados indican que la BiodentineTM es un cemento de uso odontológico con excelentes propiedades que se caracteriza por una manipulación relativamente fácil, bajo costo, alta resistencia a la compresión y flexión, alta biocompatibilidad y una excelente bioactividad. En conclusión, la BiodentineTM es un material recomendado en el tratamiento de diversas situaciones clínicas de la práctica odontológica dadas sus características fisicoquímicas y biológicas. Sin embargo, se hace necesario ensayos clínicos controlados aleatorizados que permitan determinar y confirmar que la BiodentineTM es realmente un material odontológico capaz de reemplazar la dentina.
Relevancia de la comunicación ‘no verbal’ en el aula de ILE: ¿cómo hablan las manos en una lengua extranjera?
Authors: Lizasoain Andrea , Walper Katherina , Ortiz de Zárate Amalia , Sepúlveda Jazmín , Catripan Evelyn
Published: August 2021

Este trabajo explora la utilización de recursos de comunicación no verbales por parte de profesores de inglés en formación inicial y la relación de estos recursos con la competencia comunicativa en el uso de la lengua extranjera por parte de futuros docentes. Mediante el análisis de momentos audiovisuales, con base en el continuo de Kendon se describen los tipos de gesticulación de manos más recurrentes en un contexto de simulación de clases de tres estudiantes chilenos de pedagogía en inglés, en virtud de sus distintos niveles de competencia comunicativa. Este análisis se complementa con entrevistas realizadas a los participantes para examinar su propia conducta corporal. Como resultado, se encontró que la naturaleza de la gesticulación se conduce con el nivel de competencia comunicativa de los estudiantes y que estos no están conscientes de los recursos no verbales que seleccionan para vehicular conocimientos, lo que releva la importancia de abordar la comunicación corporal en la formación inicial docente (FID).
Exploratory Action Research: Teaching EFL Vocabulary to Deaf Students through the Use of Visual Aids
Authors: González-Reyes Nicole , Ibáñez-Acevedo Pamela , Inostroza-Araos María-Jesús , Strickland Brandee
Published: August 2021

In Chile, the 2015 Decree 83 from the Ministry of Education demands curriculum adaptations to ensure that students with special learning needs fully develop their skills by being included into the mainstream classroom. However, little information can be found regarding deaf and hard of hearing (D/HH) students in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms. Therefore, this qualitative Exploratory Action Research (EAR) aims to explore the contribution of using visual aids in the EFL classroom for teaching written vocabulary to five D/HH students from a public school in Chile. Two multitask tests were conducted before and after the intervention to assess the performance of the students on recalling vocabulary, and a semi structured interview was carried out to identify the students’ perspectives regarding visual aids and EFL learning. While the performance test showed inconclusive results, the students’ perspectives on the use of visual aids were positive. These findings are relevant to provide insights into the challenges these students face and the importance of Sign Language and visual aids to create an effective environment for inclusive teaching practices.
Hacer el pensamiento visible para el fortalecimiento de las habilidades comunicativas en inglés de niños de transición
Authors: Marín Hine Sebastián Fernando , Rodríguez de Martínez María Nuria
Published: August 2021

Esta investigación tuvo el propósito de indagar por el fortalecimiento de las habilidades comunicativas en inglés de niños del nivel de transición en un colegio privado de la ciudad de Bucaramanga (Colombia); nivel que, de acuerdo con el Ministerio de Educación Nacional de Colombia (Decreto 3870 de 2006), es la oferta educativa para los niños de 5 años cumplidos.  El planteamiento de este proyecto se abordó desde el diseño de una secuencia didáctica, utilizando como base teórica, por un lado, el enfoque de Pensamiento Visible para el desarrollo y la promoción de disposiciones de mente a través de la implementación de rutinas de pensamiento y, por el otro, el enfoque Natural de la Lengua para el trabajo de la competencia comunicativa. La recolección de datos se hizo a partir de la documentación generada desde las rutinas de pensamiento, los apuntes en el diario de campo y el material fotográfico y audiovisual. Los datos recolectados mostraron el vínculo que existe entre el lenguaje y la producción de pensamiento. Los hallazgos obtenidos fueron: primero, la lengua materna tiene un papel importante en la adquisición de una lengua extranjera. Segundo, el proceso de lectura y escritura en una segunda lengua está estrechamente relacionado con la competencia que tenga el individuo en su lengua nativa. Tercero, las rutinas de pensamiento funcionan como herramientas de andamiaje en la interiorización de vocabulario y en la comprensión de estructuras gramaticales.
Phylogenetic trees and other evolutionary diagrams in biology textbooks and their importance in secondary science education
Authors: Machová Markéta
Published: August 2021

Diagrams describing relationship between organisms, and their overall evolution, commonly in the form of phylogenetic trees or other evolutionary diagrams, have become a part of even lower secondary biology textbooks. These diagrams can help promote basic science literacy, yet their design may also strengthen misconceptions about evolution. Therefore, based on the content analysis of 112 Czech biology textbooks for secondary schools (ISCED levels 2 and 3), characteristics of introduced phylogenetic trees and other evolutionary diagrams were recorded and evaluated according to the cladistics to see if their construction supports the current scientific understanding of evolution. The content analysis indicates that the design of nearly half of all diagrams in current lower (ISCED 2) and upper secondary (ISCED 3) textbooks promotes ladder thinking. More than 80% of all diagrams were not accompanied by instructions on how to read them, meaning that students did not have sufficient scaffolding to understand them. Mainly ISCED 3 textbooks did not introduce additional problem tasks that would support the use of the diagrams in the lessons. Therefore, authors of textbooks should focus more on the construction quality of these diagrams while also supporting their correct application during the educational process. This is likely to prevent a further increase in student misconceptions.
Teachers’ Evaluation of the Pedagogical Activity of Teaching Assistants in a Kindergarten
Authors: Burkovičová Radmila
Published: August 2021

The article presents results on identifying activities required from teaching assistants in kindergartens by legislative documents and their implementation and evaluation. The respondents were 32 qualified female teachers and 32 teaching assistants from the same kindergarten classes. The implementation of activities was evaluated by the teachers in 2017-2019. Methods: Qualitative content analysis of legislative documents, interviews identifying activities performed by teaching assistants, and teachers’ evaluation. Results: In direct pedagogical activities, assistants’ help in children’s physical activation, adaptation to the kindergarten environment, strengthening of basic habits, protecting safety and health, and group activities according to teachers’ established procedures and instructions focused on the children’s SEN were evaluated as positive. Failure to provide support and assistance to children with SEN, excessive performance of some activities, and inappropriate criticism were seen as negative. In activities related to direct pedagogical activities, care and concern for intact children were evaluated as positive. Failure to assist children and mutual conflicts of assistants in front of children were evaluated as unacceptable. Their knowledge of children’s diagnostic results was evaluated as being insufficient. The teachers also stated their desires and, expectations regarding the implementation of some activities. Conclusion: The results of the evaluation of the implementation of the teaching assistants’ activity in kindergartens provides an area for their improvement.
Gramotnosti ve vzdělávání – na cestě k vymezení jazykové gramotnosti
Authors: Šmejkalová Martina , Vondrová Naďa , Smetáčková Irena , Chvál Martin
Published: August 2021

Tato teoretická studie se zabývá tématem definování funkční jazykové gramotnosti pro jazyk mateřský (první). Důvody jsou následující: (1) Téma gramotností je v současné době aktuální a dochází k propracovávání celé řady definic pro různorodé gramotnosti více či méně vázané k tradičním obsahům školního kurikula. (2) Definice funkční jazykové gramotnosti pro jazyk mateřský (první) nebyla dosud v domácí odborné komunitě významněji diskutována. (3) V oblasti vzdělávání v mateřském (prvním) jazyce je v posledních letech pod vlivem mezinárodních výzkumů akcentována gramotnost čtenářská; z perspektivy neredukovaně pojaté komunikace zůstává definice jazykové gramotnosti poněkud stranou.
Definice funkční jazykové gramotnosti v této studii byla navržena jednak s oporou o etablovaná vymezení gramotností matematické a čtenářské, jednak s oporou o analýzu domácí i zahraniční literatury zabývající se snahou o definici funkční jazykové gramotnosti v mateřském (prvním) jazyce.
Výsledkem studie je návrh definice funkční jazykové gramotnosti jako komplexu znalostí, dovedností, schopností a postojů týkajících se užívání mateřského (prvního) jazyka v kontextu různorodých komunikačních událostí při produkci a recepci psaných i mluvených komunikátů a při analýze a interpretaci jejich jazykových vlastností.
Experimental and numerical study of heat transfer and flow characteristics with different placement of the multi-deck display cabinet in supermarket
Authors: Yuan Pei , Zeng Qinghui , Lei Zhenglin , Wu Yixiao , Lu Yanli , Hu Chaolong
Published: August 2021

This work focuses on the heat transfer and flow characteristics with the different placement of the multi-deck display cabinet and tries to optimize the placement position of refrigerated display cabinet. First, the temperature distribution in a refrigerated display cabinet was experimentally investigated. The result showed that the food temperature in front is 3.6–4.8°C higher than back row of the same layer, and temperature fluctuation of 0.3–0.7°C less than the back row. Then, a three-dimensional numerical model of the display cabinet was established, and the k–ε model is employed to compare and analyze the heat transfer and air curtain characteristics. The results show that the placement methods have great influence on the performance of the display cabinet. The face-to-back placement method can acquire a better food refrigeration performance, and the food temperature of the face-to-back placement method is 0.3–0.5°C lower than that of the face-to-face placement method.
Nonlinear fitting of multi-compartmental data using Hooke and Jeeves direct search method
Authors: Beni Mehrdad Shahmohammadi , Yu Kwan Ngok
Published: August 2021

Compartmental modelling refers to modelling the transport of substances in a system consisting of multiple compartments, which is characterized by the transfer rates among the relevant compartments. In a generalized compartmental system, recycling of substances among the compartments is allowed. Compartmental modelling is a generic technique which is needed in many branches of applied physics. The most challenging task is to determine the transfer rates. The present work described the use of the Hooke and Jeeves (HJ) derivative free direct search method in determining the transfer rates to construct a multi-compartmental model with recycling among the compartments. The use of a direct search method ensures the applicability of the model to functions which are not continuous or differentiable. The present model was successfully validated using previously reported experimental data for distribution of trace elements in four compartments in an animal.
Ultrafast dephasing in hydrogen-bonded pyridine–water mixtures
Authors: Ariunbold Gombojav O. , Semon Bryan , Nagpal Supriya , Rostovtsev Yuri
Published: August 2021

Hydrogen-bonded mixtures with varying concentration are a complicated networked system that demands a detection technique with both time and frequency resolutions. Hydrogen-bonded pyridine–water mixtures are studied by a time-frequency resolved coherent Raman spectroscopic technique. Femtosecond broadband dual-pulse excitation and delayed picosecond probing provide sub-picosecond time resolution in the mixtures temporal evolution. For different pyridine concentrations in water, asymmetric blue versus red shifts (relative to pure pyridine spectral peaks) were observed by simultaneously recording both the coherent anti-Stokes and Stokes Raman spectra. Macroscopic coherence dephasing times for the perturbed pyridine ring modes were observed in ranges of 0.9–2.6 ps for both 18 and

10

cm

−
1

10\hspace{0.33em}{{\rm{cm}}}^{-1}

broad probe pulses. For high pyridine concentrations in water, an additional spectral broadening (or escalated dephasing) for a triangular ring vibrational mode was observed. This can be understood as a result of ultrafast collective emissions from coherently excited ensemble of pairs of pyridine molecules bound to water molecules.
Closed-form solutions for the Schrödinger wave equation with non-solvable potentials: A perturbation approach
Authors: Alrebdi Haifa Ibrahim , Barakat Thabit
Published: August 2021

To obtain closed-form solutions for the radial Schrödinger wave equation with non-solvable potential models, we use a simple, easy, and fast perturbation technique within the framework of the asymptotic iteration method (PAIM). We will show how the PAIM can be applied directly to find the analytical coefficients in the perturbation series, without using the base eigenfunctions of the unperturbed problem. As an example, the vector Coulomb

(

∼
1

/

r

)

\left( \sim 1\hspace{0.1em}\text{/}\hspace{0.1em}r)

and the harmonic oscillator

(

∼

r

2

)

\left( \sim {r}^{2})

plus linear

(

∼
r

)

\left( \sim r)

scalar potential parts implemented with their counterpart spin-dependent terms are chosen to investigate the meson sectors including charm and beauty quarks. This approach is applicable in the same form to both the ground state and the excited bound states and can be easily applied to other strongly non-solvable potential problems. The procedure of this method and its results will provide a valuable hint for investigating tetraquark configuration.
Effect of buried depth on thermal performance of a vertical U-tube underground heat exchanger
Authors: Yang Li , Zhang Bo , Klemeš Jiří Jaromír , Liu Jie , Song Meiyu , Wang Jin
Published: August 2021

Many researchers numerically investigated U-tube underground heat exchanger using a two-dimensional simplified pipe. However, a simplified model results in large errors compared to the data from construction sites. This research is carried out using a three-dimensional full-size model. A model validation is conducted by comparing with experimental data in summer. This article investigates the effects of fluid velocity and buried depth on the heat exchange rate in a vertical U-tube underground heat exchanger based on fluid–structure coupled simulations. Compared with the results at a flow rate of 0.4 m/s, the results of this research show that the heat transfer per buried depth at 1.0 m/s increases by 123.34%. With the increase of the buried depth from 80 to 140 m, the heat transfer per unit depth decreases by 9.72%.
An analytical investigation of the mixed convective Casson fluid flow past a yawed cylinder with heat transfer analysis
Authors: Khan Shahid , Selim Mahmoud M. , Gepreel Khaled A. , Ullah Asad , Ikramullah  , Ayaz Muhammad , Mashwani Wali Khan , Khan Emel
Published: August 2021

The hydrodynamic flow of an incompressible and isotropic Casson fluid through a yawed cylinder is investigated by employing continuity, momentum, and energy equations satisfying suitable boundary conditions. The density variation is governed by Boussinesq approximation. The model equations consisting of coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) are transformed by applying non-similar transformation relations. The set of transformed PDEs is solved using the analytical technique of homotopy analysis method (HAM). The impacts of varying yaw angle, and mixed convection and Casson parameters over fluid velocity (chordwise and spanwise components), its temperature, Nusselt number, and skin friction coefficients are investigated and explained through various graphs. It is found that the enhancing yaw angle, Casson parameter, and convection parameter augment the fluid velocity, heat transfer rate, and skin friction and reduce the fluid temperature. The agreement of present and published results justifies the application of HAM in modeling the mixed convective Casson fluid flow past a yawed cylinder.
Fractal calculation method of friction parameters: Surface morphology and load of galvanized sheet
Authors: Yang Xiaoyong , Jin Tan
Published: August 2021

In the forming process of galvanized sheet, the friction between the die and the blank often causes the zinc coating of galvanized sheet to peel off, scratch, and crack. The aim of this study is to evaluate and calculate the fractal characteristics of the surface morphology of galvanized sheet and the effect of pressure on the interfacial friction behavior. Two steel plates, GA and GI, produced by Shanghai Baosteel Company, were used as materials to conduct tribological experiments, measure the surface profile and three-dimensional shape of the galvanized sheet, and calculate the fractal dimension and fractal roughness parameters. According to the analysis results of friction surface damage of galvanized sheet, the damage failure parameters of galvanized sheet are calculated. On this basis, according to the adhesive friction theory, the total surface friction value of galvanized sheet is obtained, and the fractal calculation model of galvanized sheet friction is established. The simulation results show that the galvanized sheet has fractal characteristics. The average values of fractal dimension and scale factor of SP781BQ alloy hot-dip galvanized sheet are 1.52 and 0.23 µm, respectively. The average fractal dimension and scale coefficient of HC420/780DPD + Z hot-dip galvanized sheet are 1.60 and 0.11 µm, respectively. The friction coefficient calculated by the proposed method is consistent with the theoretical value, and the error is less than 10%, which proves the accuracy and feasibility of the friction fractal calculation method.
Series solution to fractional contact problem using Caputo’s derivative
Authors: Rafiq Muhammad , Noor Muhammad Aslam , Farwa Shabieh , Kamran Muhammad , Saeed Faisal , Gepreel Khaled A. , Yao Shao-Wen , Ahmad Hijaz
Published: August 2021

In this article, contact problem with fractional derivatives is studied. We use fractional derivative in the sense of Caputo. We deploy penalty function method to degenerate the obstacle problem into a system of fractional boundary value problems (FBVPs). The series solution of this system of FBVPs is acquired by using the variational iteration method (VIM). The performance as well as precision of the applied method is gauged by means of significant numerical tests. We further study the convergence and residual errors of the solutions by giving variation to the fractional parameter, and graphically present the solutions and residual errors accordingly. The outcomes thus obtained witness the high effectiveness of VIM for solving FBVPs.
Investigation on subcooled flow boiling heat transfer characteristics in ICE-like conditions
Authors: Hu Xiaoyu , Wang Yi , Li Siyuan , Sun Qiang , Li Guoxiang , Bai Shuzhan , Sun Ke
Published: August 2021

The increasing demand of cooling in internal combustion engine (ICE) may require the shift of heat removal method from traditional single phase liquid convection to subcooled flow boiling in order to fulfill the desired functional temperature. Thus, the characteristics of subcooled flow boiling heat transfer should be studied exclusively considering the practical conditions in ICEs. Accordingly, in this article, subcooled flow boiling experiments were conducted in a rectangular channel using 50/50 volume mixture of ethylene glycol and water coolant (EG/W) as working fluid. Aluminum and cast iron surfaces were selected as the heated surfaces to simulate the material of cylinder head in gasoline and diesel engines, respectively. Experimental results showed a trend that the aluminum surface had a better performance than the cast iron surface in terms of heat transfer coefficient in the boiling region. The difference between these two surfaces was concluded as results of different surface thermophysical properties. A modified wall heat flux model was proposed based on the power-type addition method. The proposed model modified the nucleation boiling contribution by introducing a new parameter which accounts for the influence of thermophysical properties of heated surface on the boiling process. Thus, one such modified model could be useful for practical engine cooling applications.
Slovakia: from European idea to EU membership
Authors:   Institute of Europe of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vedernikov Mikhail
Published: August 2021

The belonging of Slovakia to Europe, the Western world, today no one doubts. However, several decades ago, especially after it gained independence in 1993, this fact was called into question. The paper traces the process of infiltration of the European idea into Slovak society, notes the peculiarities of the construction of national identity, studies the history of joining the Euro-Atlantic structures. The author notes that, despite the deviation from the course, both in the period preceding EU membership and after joining the union, the central idea was clear to be part of a united Europe. This was evidently manifested in the deepening of the integration processes and the desire to get closer to the «core of the EU» when Slovakia had already become its full-fledged member
Rebuild Classroom Teaching Values
Authors: Ye Lan
Published: August 2021

Educational activities cannot avoid the issue of value. The research on “new basic education” also discusses contemporary Chinese social development and educational values reform. This article proposes to rebuild classroom teaching values. This value’s core concept is: the current value of classroom teaching in China’s primary education needs to be transformed from a single transmission of ready-made knowledge presented in textbooks to a generation that can actively and healthy development in contemporary society. Its primary contents are: expand the rich educational value of subjects; reorganize the teaching content according to the realization of the educational value; comprehensively design flexible teaching content.
Influence of moisture content on the mechanical properties of selected wood-based composites
Authors: Sala Conrad M. , Robles Eduardo , Gumowska Aneta , Wronka Anita , Kowaluk Grzegorz
Published: August 2021

Wood quality depends on many circumstances, as it is sensitive to changing properties, depending on the environment. This work evaluates the influence of moisture content of selected wood-based composites on their basic mechanical properties, i.e., modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity. The selected panels were divided by application in construction materials and furniture materials, which demand specific conditions during service-life. The increase of moisture content in different types of wood-based panels resulted in a slight reduction of the modulus of rupture and the modulus of elasticity. Boards for use in dry conditions, mainly in the furniture industry, were more sensitive to lowering their modulus of elasticity with higher board moisture content compared with those designed for humid conditions, mainly from the building industry.
Immunohistochemical expression of MGMT in gliomas and its role in ascertaining patient survival
Authors: Butta Shristi , Gupta Manoj Kumar
Published: August 2021

Introduction. MGMT (O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyl transferase) is a DNA repair enzyme with implications on chemoresistance and subsequent patient prognosis. This study investigated the association of MGMT with the various grades and subtypes of gliomas and evaluated the associated clinical outcome of these patients.

Methods. This observational longitudinal follow up study spun over a period of 36 months and included 33 patients with primary glioma who underwent surgical interventions and chemoradiotherapy at a tertiary care center in Kolkata.  The surgical samples were processed and histopathologically typed. Immunohistochemical analysis was done using anti- MGMT antibody and MGMT status was determined. Patients were followed up for 3 years.

Results. Males were 1.3 times more commonly affected by gliomas. Mean age was 42.9 years for females and 47.2 years for males. Frontal lobe was the most commonly involved site whereas focal neurological deficit was the most common symptom. Karnofsky performance score was higher for low grade gliomas and lower for high grade gliomas (p=0.04). Significant association was found between histopathological grade and MGMT immunoexpression (p=0.0001) as well as histopathological subtype and MGMT status (p=0.0036). On follow up, mean survival of the patients was 25.4 months. Significant association was found between MGMT status and survival of the patients (p=0.0437).

Conclusion. MGMT immunoexpression is significantly associated with different grades and subtypes of gliomas. In addition, MGMT has significant implications on chemoresistance and patient survival. Hence, MGMT expression should be mandatorily checked before starting the chemotherapy.
Genetic diseases in religious painting
Authors: Buta Mircea Gelu
Published: August 2021

The attention paid to Trisomy 21, a genetic condition described by Langdon Down in 1866, is due to concerns about establishing the age of this pathology during evolution. Due to the synergy between medicine and art history, it is possible to reconstruct the diseases that have characterized the most a certain historical period as well as the perception of the population towards them. Using iconodiagnosis, namely studying works of art through medical imaging, it was found that in Europe, during the Renaissance, Trisomy 21 was represented by Italian and Flemish painters in religiously inspired paintings.
Complete gonadal dysgenesis analysis in the population of Latvia: malignant outcomes and a review of literature
Authors: Jakovleva Alise , Kovalova Zanna
Published: August 2021

Background and aim. Complete gonadal dysgenesis or Swyer syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by 46,XY karyotype and female phenotype with undeveloped streak gonads and high malignancy risk. The condition usually manifests in teenage and young adults with delayed puberty and primary amenorrhea. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence and potential malignant outcomes of complete gonadal dysgenesis in Latvia.

Methods. 37 patients were included in a retrospective study from 1996 to 2016.  In fifteen cases, additional patient information was available. Information from medical records was collected on age at the time of diagnosis: anamnesis data, laboratory results, histology of gonads, and treatment.

Results. Complete gonadal dysgenesis with karyotype 46,XY was proven in 36 (97.3%) cases and one (2.7%) case with karyotype 47,XY,+21. The average age of patients at the time of diagnosis was 15.4 ± 8.0 years. The study included 15 cases: eight patients (53.3%) were investigated for primary amenorrhea, and incomplete development of secondary sexual characteristics, 5 patients (33.3%) with abdominal pain and lower abdominal mass, 2 patients (13.3%) were diagnosed at birth. Gonadectomy was performed in 12 cases (80%). The median time between diagnosis and gonadectomy was 0.4 ± 4.3 years. The histopathology results from the gonadal biopsy showed malignancy in 7 cases (58.3%). The most commonly diagnosed tumors were dysgerminoma and gonadoblastoma.

Conclusion. Early diagnosis of Swyer syndrome is necessary in view of the risk of malignancy that can develop at a young age. In several cases, the diagnosis of the syndrome was made only after the malignant process development. The study showed the median time between diagnosis and gonadectomy was suboptimal. Therefore, women with amenorrhea and lack of secondary sexual characteristics require careful investigation.