bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of deer antler from East Kalimantan to increase trabecular bone density and calcium levels in serum on osteoporotic mice
Authors: Widyowati Retno , Suciati Suciati , Haryadi Dewi Melani , Chang Hsin-I , Suryawan IPG Ngurah , Tarigan Nurliana
Published: February 2021

Objectives

Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (dexamethasone) is a primary cause of secondary osteoporosis by the decreasing formation and increasing resorption activities. Previously, the in vitro study showed that 70% ethanol and aqueous extract of deer antler have increased alkaline phosphatase in osteoblast cell that known as marker of bone formation. The mind of this study is to analyze the effect of deer antlers in increasing the bone trabecular density of osteoporosis-induced male mice.

Methods

This study used a post-test control group design. A total of 54 healthy male mice were randomly divided to nine groups, i.e., healthy control, osteoporotic, positive control, 70% ethanol (4, 8, and 12 mg/kg BW), and aqueous extracts (4, 8, and 12 mg/kg BW) of deer antler groups. All of the interventions were given 1 mL of test sample for 4 weeks orally. The bone densities were determined using histomorphometry by Image J and Adobe Photoshop. The statistical data were performed using SPSS 23 and statistical significance was set at p<0.05.

Results

The results showed that alendronate group, 70% ethanol, and aqueous extract groups increased bone density and calcium levels in serum (p<0.05) compared to osteoporotic group in dose dependent manner. It indicated that 70% ethanol and aqueous extract of deer antler stimulating bone turnover and aqueous extract showed the highest.

Conclusions

Dexamethasone induction for 4 weeks caused osteoporotic mice and the administration of 70% ethanol and aqueous extracts of deer antler from East Kalimantan increased trabecular bone density and calcium levels in dose dependent manner.
Effects of Artemisia supplementation on anorexia in hemodialysis patients: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Mohajeranirad Maryam , Saeidi Naser , Nejad Mohammad Kamali , Akbari Ahmad , Mahmoodi Seyed Abdullah , Almasi-Hashiani Amir , Latifi Seyed Amirhossein
Published: February 2021

Objectives

One of the most important problems of hemodialysis (HD) patients is anorexia due to the lack of proper treatment for it and on the other hand kidney disease is increasing. We designed a randomized controlled clinical trial to investigate the effects of Artemisia supplementation on anorexia in HD patients.

Materials and methods

This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was carried out on 58 subjects with HD, aged 55–65 years old. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. One group received 250 mg/day of Artemisia supplement capsule for six weeks (n=26), and the other group was given placebo for the same time duration and dosage (n=32). The serum concentrations of urea, creatinine, albumin and hemoglobin were measured enzymatically using commercial kits. Anorexia score was measured using a Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ). Independent t-test analysis were applied to evaluate the data

Results

The results showed that the Artemisia supplementation significantly improved the anorexia in HD patients, for six weeks (p<0.05). However, it did not significantly effect on the albumin, hemoglobin, urea, creatinine, arm circumference, and body mass index (p>0.05).

Conclusion

According to the outcomes of this study, Artemisia supplementation can be effective as an adjunct therapy for improve anorexia in HD patients.
High-speed fiber system capacity with bidirectional Er-Yb CDFs based on differential phase shift keying (DPSK) modulation technique
Authors: Eid Mahmoud M. A. , Abd El-Hamid Huda Said , Zaki Rashed Ahmed Nabih
Published: February 2021

This paper simulates the bidirectional Er-Yb codoped fiber amplifiers (CDFs)-based DPSK modulation scheme for high speed fiber system capacity. The combination of Erbium-Ytterbium codoped fibers into a single fiber has been developed for the extension of the absorption bands for doped fibers. The signal gain variations versus pump wavelength variations have been demonstrated for various doped amplifiers with the proposed Er-Yb CDFs at amplifier length of 5 m. Also the signal gain variations versus pump wavelength variations have been illustrated for the proposed Er-Yb CDFs at 5 m amplifier length in different pumping configurations. The total optical power, max. Q factor, total electrical power, output optical signal/noise ratio, and signal gain variations versus fiber length variations have between simulated and clarified in the presence of bidirectional various lengths of Er-Yb CDFs.
Worldlikeness: a Web crowdsourcing platform for typological psycholinguistics
Authors: Chen Tsung-Ying , Myers James
Published: February 2021

Worldlikeness, hosted online at https://worldlikeness.org, is a free Web crowdsourcing experimental tool and database that seeks to make it easier to generate and share cross-linguistic processing data. Adopting HTML5 technology and a responsive Web design using the JavaScript-based Meteor package, Worldlikeness supports the use of text and multimedia stimuli in a user interface optimized for participants using either desktops or mobile devices. Worldlikeness allows individual psycholinguists to collect data on individual languages, store the data in theWorldlikeness server, and share them to help build a cross-linguistic database. As the database grows, outside researchers can freely conduct their own typological cross-linguistic analyses and contribute to our understanding of language-specific and universal properties of language processing. In this paper, we introduce the key features of Worldlikeness and compare online wordlikeness judgments to in-lab data to demonstrate its reliability.
Apps for capturing language variation and change in German-speaking Europe: Opportunities, challenges, findings, and future directions
Authors: Leemann Adrian
Published: February 2021

Smartphone apps are ubiquitous: in 2018 in Germany alone, 79% of the population owned a smartphone. Virtually everyone in this cohort always carries with them a recording device and a notepad (i.e., a screen), two essential tools that linguists typically use in the field. In the present contribution we discuss how linguists can harness this ubiquity of linguistic tools in the population to capture language variation and change, illustrated through apps that were developed for German-speaking Europe. We present four apps (Dialäkt Äpp, Voice Äpp, Grüezi Moin Servus, and Deutschklang) that were developed to (a) engage with the public and (b) to collect linguistic data. We discuss opportunities (e.g., the multimodality of said devices), as well as challenges (e.g., maintenance, updating and the costs involved therein). Finally, we present new findings that have emerged from working with this new paradigm and speculate about future directions and developments in using smartphone apps to collect linguistic data.
Hands off the metadata!: Comparing the use of explicit and background metadata in crowdsourced dialectology
Authors: Blaxter Tamsin , Britain David
Published: February 2021

In this article we assess the extent to which we can collect plausible data about regional dialect variation using crowdsourcing techniques – the BBC Future Survey – without explicitly gathering any user metadata, but relying instead on background information collected by Google Analytics. In order to do this, we compare this approach with another crowdsourced survey, operated from a smartphone application, which examines the same site – the British Isles – but which explicitly asks users to submit detailed social background information – the English Dialects App (EDA) (Leemann et al. 2018). The EDA has the disadvantage that there is a considerable user drop-off between completing the dialect survey and completing the social metadata questionnaire. The BBC Future Survey, however, only collects information on where users are physically located when they complete the survey – not where they are from or even where they live. Results show that the BBC Future Survey produces a plausible snapshot of regional dialect variability that can complement other more sophisticated (expensive, time-consuming) approaches to investigating language variation and change. We suggest the approach constitutes a digital-era rapid anonymous survey along the lines of Labov (1972), serving similar aims, with similar success, but on a much much larger scale.
Deconstructing impoliteness in professional discourse: The social psychology of workplace mobbing. A cross-disciplinary contribution with conclusions for the intercultural workplace
Authors: Meyerhuber Sylke
Published: February 2021

Workplace politeness concerns the structural, interactional and individual level. Using the example of mobbing, it is illustrated how small acts of impoliteness can lead to the destruction a person psychologically and physically. Particularly, so-called downward mobbing is an increasing problem worldwide; most of the cases are orchestrated by superiors, the people subordinates depend on the most. Data clearly illustrate the social toxin created by up to 45 seemingly small actions in five areas of work life. These actions result in health hazards and ultimately loss of jobs. By example of workplace harassment, it is illustrated how systematic acts of impoliteness are used to manipulate a person's emotion and identity, to ensure anxiety-born solidarity in others while abusing power, with high costs for the target, the organisation, and society. The discussion gives way to considerations about intercultural cooperation at the workplace, showing similarities between subtle devaluations in intercultural communication called microaggression and what has been discussed as mobbing. Overall, impoliteness is deconstructed as a sign of degrading social bonds, security and health, thereby raising awareness of the importance of intercultural interaction without microaggression. The practical value of linguistic impoliteness research and its connection to work psychology becomes apparent.
Regulating disordered plasmonic nanoparticles into polarization sensitive metasurfaces
Authors: Li Shulei , Panmai Mingcheng , Tie Shaolong , Xu Yi , Xiang Jin , Lan Sheng
Published: February 2021

Metasurfaces composed of regularly arranged and deliberately oriented metallic nanoparticles can be employed to manipulate the amplitude, phase and polarization of an incident electromagnetic wave. The metasurfaces operating in the visible to near infrared spectral range rely on the modern fabrication technologies which offer a spatial resolution beyond the optical diffraction limit. Although direct laser writing is an alternative to the fabrication of nanostructures, the achievement of regular nanostructures with deep-subwavelength periods by using this method remains a big challenge. Here, we proposed and demonstrated a novel strategy for regulating disordered plasmonic nanoparticles into nanogratings with deep-subwavelength periods and reshaped nanoparticles by using femtosecond laser pulses. The orientations of the nanogratings depend strongly on the polarization of the femtosecond laser light. Such nanogratings exhibit reflection and polarization control over the reflected light, enabling the realization of polarization sensitive optical memory and color display with high spatial resolution and good chromacity.
The crystal structure of methacholine chloride, C8H18ClNO2
Authors: Muller Kina , Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard
Published: February 2021

C8H18ClNO2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 6.8110(5) Å, b = 8.8779(7) Å, c = 17.2774(16) Å, β = 97.582(4)°, V = 1035.59(15) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0484, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0922, T = 200 K.
The crystal structure of 1,2-bis(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)ethane-1,2-diol — N-(2-aminophenyl)-3-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-2,3-dihydroxypropanamide (1/1), C32H30N8O5
Authors: Clark Candyce R. , Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard
Published: February 2021

C32H30N8O5, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 9.1258(4) Å, b = 10.6225(5) Å, c = 30.1870(14) Å, V = 2926.3(2) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0367, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0837, T = 200 K.
The crystal structure of thioxanthen-9-one-10,10-dioxide, C13H8O3S – a second polymorph
Authors: Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard
Published: February 2021

C13H8O3S, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 9.7499(3) Å, b = 12.9758(4) Å, c = 8.2681(3) Å, β = 103.784(2)°, V = 1015.90(6) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0318, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0927, T = 200 K.
The crystal structure of N-(4-(cyclohexylimino)pent-2-en-2-yl)cyclohexanamine, C17H30N2
Authors: Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard
Published: February 2021

C17H30N2, tetragonal,

P

4
‾

$P‾{4}$

21
m (no. 113), a = 8.6755(3) Å, c = 11.1611(4) Å, V = 840.03(7) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0488, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1417, T = 200 K.
The crystal structure of 5-hydroxy-6,8-dimethoxy-2-methyl-4H-benzo[g]chromen-4-one– rubrofusarin B, C16H14O5
Authors: Zou Ting-Guang , Guo Si-Yu , Zhu Jing-Lin , Wang Sheng , Lin Ling-Yin , Tao Yi-Wen
Published: February 2021

C16H14O5, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.0005(11) Å, b = 16.0386(15) Å, c = 9.8434(11) Å, β = 114.861(14)°, V = 1289.3(3) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0458, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1245, T = 150(1) K.
A survey on the soundscape perception before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy
Authors: Bartalucci Chiara , Bellomini Raffaella , Luzzi Sergio , Pulella Paola , Torelli Giulia
Published: February 2021

At the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, the impact of lockdown measures highlights changes in terms of sounds and noises present in the everyday life. The present paper deals with this peculiar and unexpected scenario as studied by means of an online survey consisting of 18 questions and distributed to residents in the Italian territory. For studying the unprecedented effect of the pandemic, participants were asked to fill the questionnaire, providing personal data, describing context and characteristics of the house in which they live and making a comparison of the lockdown soundscape with the pre-lockdown one. About four hundred questionnaires have been collected and analysed in order to define correlations between personal and perception variables. Using logistic regression models, changes have been studied during the two abovementioned periods. It has been observed that the perception of traffic noise has increased for people over 35 years old and the noise produced by the neighbourhood has been more statistically significant for employed respondents. Future outlook might provide the spread of the questionnaire in other countries for a global evaluation of the data, to be also acquired with reference to the after-lockdown period.
Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on festival celebrations and noise pollution levels
Authors: Kalawapudi Komal , Singh Taruna , Vijay Ritesh , Goyal Nitin , Kumar Rakesh
Published: February 2021

India is a country where every religion and community celebrates their culture. Festivals have an important role in Indian culture and are celebrated whole-heartedly by the citizens. Most of these celebrations culminate to causing pollution especially noise pollution due to festivities and rituals. One such festival is Ganesh Chaturthi or Ganeshotsav which is magnificently celebrated in Maharashtra state of India. In the present study, noise pollution levels during Ganeshotsav at famous community pandals in Mumbai city were monitored in the year 2020. Noise level data was analyzed based on indices such as L
10, L
50, L
90, noise pollution level (LNP
) and noise climate (NC). Comparison of noise levels was carried out for the collected data during Ganesh Chaturthi in the previous years of 2018 and 2019. The city witnessed simple festival celebration in eco-friendly manner leading to significant decrease in noise levels due to CoVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic situation is an eye-opener for the city administration with demonstration in reduction of noise pollution. Many aspects of the pandemic can be carried forward in making new guidelines and policies to curtail pollution and eco-friendly celebration of festivals.
The role of edible insects to mitigate challenges for sustainability
Authors: Guiné Raquel P. F. , Correia Paula , Coelho Catarina , Costa Cristina A.
Published: February 2021

This review is focused on the utilization of insects as a new opportunity in food and feed products, including their commercialization both in traditional and new markets. It has been suggested that insects are considerably more sustainable when compared with other sources of animal protein, thus alleviating the pressure over the environment and the planet facing the necessity to feed the world population, constantly increasing. Many chefs have adhered to the trend of using insects in their culinary preparations, bringing insects to the plan of top gastronomy, highlighting their organoleptic qualities allied to a recognized high nutritional value. However, in some markets, insects or insect-based products are not readily accepted because of neophobia and disgust. Moreover, the insect markets, farming, and commercialization are experiencing a huge growth, in which the domain of animal feed is undoubtedly a very strong component. The future of insects as human food and animal feed seems promising in view of the recent trends and challenges.
Morphology and structure of acorn starches isolated by enzymatic and alkaline methods
Authors: Correia Paula M. R. , Cruz-Lopes Luísa , Beirão-da-Costa Luísa
Published: February 2021

Morphology and structure of starch from fruits of two acorns species, Quercus rotundifolia Lam. (QR) and Quercus suber Lam. (QS), isolated by enzymatic (ENZ) and alkaline (A3S) methods were studied. Acorn starches granules presented a round and oval shape, consisting of medium/small granules, with a mean granule size ranging between 9 and 13 µm. Isolated acorn starches appear as light grayish-brown in naked eye, with high values of L* for starches isolated by the ENZ method, and QR starches were duller than QS. No differences were observed for all the samples in FTIR spectra results. Acorn starches showed a C-type pattern, with a relative crystallinity between 43.1 and 46.6%. The 13C CP/MAS NMR spectra are different for the used isolation methods but are similar for both acorn species. However, acorn-isolated starches presented a predominant A-type allomorph packing type, and the A3S starches showed a higher degree of crystalline material. Those differences in the structure of acorn starches would be helpful to better understand the relationships among structure and functional properties for a possible potential industrial application of chestnut starches.
Environmental citizenship and solid waste management in Chattogram, Bangladesh
Authors: Biswas Sarmistha , Nandy Ananya , Islam Nafisa , Rafa Nazifa
Published: February 2021

Chattogram city is grappling with problems caused by inadequate solid waste management (SWM). Because the successful policy intervention regarding proper SWM depends on the intrinsic motivation of the city dwellers along with government intervention, the objective of this paper was to conduct an attitudinal study of the residents of Chattogram regarding their roles and responsibilities towards the SWM, and thus, the sustainable development of the city. It is a cross-sectional study based on a sample size of 150. Data was collected using a structured, pretested questionnaire. The result showed that the residents were unable to prioritize the city’s environmental problem over other problems due to the lack of knowledge and awareness about the environmental problems and its impacts on the Chattogram. However, in respect of SWM in the city, their eagerness for participation is appreciable, even though they are more dependent on government policy initiatives. An attitudinal gap was also observed here among the respondents pertaining to the vacuum of knowledge and awareness. Therefore, strong policy decisions and the awareness campaign can make people aware of their roles and responsibilities for a sustainable city and intrinsically motivate them to participate in SWM.
A Populist Monster and the future of Constitutional Democracy
Authors: Teršek Andraž
Published: February 2021

The central objective of the post-socialist European countries which are also Member States of the EU and Council of Europe, as proclaimed and enshrined in their constitutions before their official independence, is the establishment of a democracy based on the rule of law and effective legal protection of fundamental human rights and freedoms. In this article the author explains what, in his opinion, is the main problem and why these goals are still not sufficiently achieved: the ruthless simplification of the understanding of the social function and functioning of constitutional courts, which is narrow, rigid and holistically focused primarily or exclusively on the question of whether the judges of these courts are “left or right” in purely daily-political sense, and consequently, whether constitutional court decisions are taken (described, understood) as either “left or right” in purely and shallow daily-party-political sense/manner. With nothing else between and no other foundation. The author describes such rhetoric, this kind of superficial labeling/marking, such an approach towards constitutional law-making as a matter of unbearable and unthinking simplicity, and introduces the term A Populist Monster. The reasons that have led to the problem of this kind of populism and its devastating effects on the quality and development of constitutional democracy and the rule of law are analyzed clearly and critically.
Die Mängel der Kultur
Authors: Dederich Markus , Zirfas Jörg
Published: February 2021

Ausgehend von historischen und sozialtheoretischen Befunden rekonstruieren wir zunächst in skizzenhafter Form, wie es zu einer Konstruktion von Behinderungen als Verkörperungen einer Mangelhaftigkeit anthropologischen Ausmaßes gekommen ist. In Anschluss hieran vertreten wir die These, dass Behinderung eine kulturelle Norm darstellt, die der Kultur selbst Grenzen setzt. Nicht der Mensch stellt das „eigentliche“ Mängelwesen dar, sondern die gesellschaftliche Kultur vorenthaltener oder eingeschränkter Teilhabe sowie die pädagogische Kultur mangelhafter Bildungsmaßnahmen. In ethischer Hinsicht begründen wir diese These von der Verantwortung gegenüber dem Anderen her, dessen Andersheit wir als irreduzibel bzw. radikal fassen. Wir schließen mit einer kurzen Reflexion über die Frage, wie sich dieser veränderte Zugang zu Menschen mit Behinderungen bildungstheoretisch fassen lässt.
Digitalisierung der Lebenswelt als Angriff auf vulnerables Leben
Authors: Schnell Martin W.
Published: February 2021

Digitalisierung ist die Transformation der Lebenswelt in quantifizierbare Daten bei gleichzeitiger Automatisierung. Sie ist damit auch ein Angriff auf die Materialität vulnerablen Lebens. Die Triebkräfte dieser Kolonisation finden im Dispositiv aus Politik, Wirtschaft und Wissenschaft zusammen. Im Ausgang von der Phänomenologie der Leib beschreibt der Beitrag die Durchführung dieser Imperative, die in eine Halbierung der Humanität münden. Im Anschluss an Bruno Latour wird über eine Politik der Postdigitalisierung nachgedacht.
Warum gibt es psychische Krankheit?
Authors: Fuchs Thomas
Published: February 2021

Im Mittelpunkt dieses Beitrags zu Grundlagen der psychiatrischen Anthropologie steht die spezifische Vulnerabilität der psychischen Organisation des Menschen. Diese wird anhand von zwei Leitfragen untersucht, die sich auf die Entgleisungsmöglichkeiten der psychischen Struktur und auf problematische und überfordernde Bedingungen der menschlichen Existenz beziehen. Als wichtige Komponenten dieser Vulnerabilität werden die besondere Offenheit, Ungesichertheit und inhärente Widersprüchlichkeit der Organisations- und Daseinsform des Menschen identifiziert. Demnach sind die höheren Freiheitsgrade, die die psychophysische Organisation des Menschen mit sich bringt, zugleich auch wesentliche Gründe für die Prekarität und Verletzbarkeit der menschlichen Existenz. Ziel des Beitrags ist ein vertieftes Verständnis der leidvollen Widersprüche und Konflikte im Leben insbesondere psychisch kranker Menschen.
Seelisches und Kultur
Authors: Pohlmann Werner
Published: February 2021

Die Unvollkommenheit des Menschen zwingt ihn biologisch zu Kompensationen, die in den kulturellen Leistungen zum Ausdruck kommen. Psychologisch bedeutet diese Unvollkommenheit eine Offenheit hinsichtlich einer unendlichen Vielfalt schöpferischer Möglichkeiten. Während Alfred Adlers Überlegungen auf den Finalismus einer idealen Gemeinschaft als die noch zu vollendende Evolution zielen, stellen Sigmund Freud und Donald W. Winnicott die Unabschließbarkeit seelischer Entwicklungen heraus. Die Unvollkommenheit des Seelischen kann sich in alle Richtungen entfalten, muss aber dabei immer mit den unvermeidlichen Konsequenzen rechnen. Das Umgehen mit unserer Unvollkommenheit kann durchaus misslingen und führt zu Abwehrmaßnahmen, durch die die Menschen gottähnlich werden wollen.
Alt sein und mangelhaft sein oder: Vom Vorteil des Nachteils
Authors: Brenner Andreas
Published: February 2021

Die Bezeichnung „alt“ hat sich zu einem Wertbegriff negativer Konnotation gewandelt, so dass er synonym für alle möglichen Defizienzen bzw. als Chiffre für Defizienz schlechthin steht. Alt zu sein ist nun nicht länger eine Sache der Jahre, sondern von (verloren gegangenen) Qualitäten. Positiv ist daran, dass (fast wieder alles) möglich ist, negativ ist, dass gerade deshalb auch (fast) wieder alles ermöglicht werden muss. Denn der Alte ist selber schuld und will er es nicht bleiben, muss er etwas daran ändern. Die Krankschreibung des Alters ruft seine Behandlung hervor, was nichts anders bedeutet als dass das Alter, das als Krankheit begriffen wird, kuriert werden muss, wobei die Kur nicht in seiner Heilung, sondern in seiner Überwindung, d.h. seiner Abschaffung besteht. Das Anti-Aging verfolgt eine radikale Abkehr vom Menschen, wie wir ihn kennen. Gerade am Alter lässt sich aber zeigen, dass der Mensch mit Mängeln leben kann, häufig trotz seiner Mängel glücklich wird und mit ihnen sogar seinen Frieden macht.
Sterblichkeit – Fluch oder Segen?
Authors: Wild Thomas
Published: February 2021

Der Beitrag setzt sich mit den theologischen Implikationen rund um die Sterblichkeit auseinander. Die Überlegungen greifen auf jene hebräisch-jüdischen Traditionen zurück, die Vergänglichkeit nicht einer verfehlten, defizitären Schöpfung anlasten, sondern sie als Bedingungen anthropologischer Entwicklung verstehen. Die Auseinandersetzung hinterfragt die alten und neuen, die verborgenen und manifesten Imperative eines guten Sterbens, die im Schlepptau einer Tugendethik den westeuropäischen Umgang mit Krankheit und Vergänglichkeit prägen. Demgegenüber werden Ansätze gezeigt, die sich durch eine radikale Orientierung an der individuellen und kulturellen Verfasstheit der Betroffenen auszeichnen und die Diversität der Krankheits- und Sterbeverläufe berücksichtigen.
The influence of chemical parameters on the in-situ metal carbonyl complex formation studied with the fast on-line reaction apparatus (FORA)
Authors: Wittwer Yves , Eichler Robert , Herrmann Dominik , Türler Andreas
Published: February 2021

A new setup named Fast On-line Reaction Apparatus (FORA) is presented which allows for the efficient investigation and optimization of metal carbonyl complex (MCC) formation reactions under various reaction conditions. The setup contains a 252Cf-source producing short-lived Mo, Tc, Ru and Rh isotopes at a rate of a few atoms per second by its 3% spontaneous fission decay branch. Those atoms are transformed within FORA in-situ into volatile metal carbonyl complexes (MCCs) by using CO-containing carrier gases. Here, the design, operation and performance of FORA is discussed, revealing it as a suitable setup for performing single-atom chemistry studies. The influence of various gas-additives, such as CO2, CH4, H2, Ar, O2, H2O and ambient air, on the formation and transport of MCCs was investigated. O2, H2O and air were found to harm the formation and transport of MCCs in FORA, with H2O being the most severe. An exception is Tc, for which about 130 ppmv of H2O caused an increased production and transport of volatile compounds. The other gas-additives were not influencing the formation and transport efficiency of MCCs. Using an older setup called Miss Piggy based on a similar working principle as FORA, it was additionally investigated if gas-additives are mostly affecting the formation or only the transport stability of MCCs. It was found that mostly formation is impacted, as MCCs appear to be much less sensitive to reacting with gas-additives in comparison to the bare Mo, Tc, Ru and Rh atoms.
Synthesis of selective biodegradable amidoxime chitosan for absorption of Th(IV) and U(VI) ions in solution
Authors: Ma Jiaju , Lei Zhiwei , Zhou Yun , Dong Tianhao , Hu Peizhuo , Duan Guojian , Liu Tonghuan
Published: February 2021

Radionuclide extraction from wastewater is a long-term process, in which the study on the reuse and decomposition of adsorbents provides the ability to complete the post-treatment after adsorption. Herein, A novel biodegradable amidoxime chitosan has been synthesized through one-step without crosslinking agent and characterized by FT-IR, SEM, XPS, TGA and element analysis. The batch adsorption experiments of U(VI) and Th(IV) on AO-CTS adsorbent were studied and maximum adsorption of U(VI) and Th(IV) were 97 and 56 mg/g, respectively. The U(VI) and Th(Ⅳ) can be effectively desorbed from the AO-CTS materials at low acidity, The AO-CTS can be reused 6 times without reducing absorbency for U(VI) and Th(Ⅳ). When finish the adsorption process, the AO-CTS can be degraded by lysozyme at room temperature, there were no toxic or harmful substances are produced.
A new method for monitoring the redox potential of fuel salt based on the deposition of 95Nb on Hastelloy C276
Authors: Cheng Zhiqiang , Zhao Zhongqi , Geng Junxia , Wang Xiaohe , Hu Jifeng , Chen Jingen , Cai Xiangzhou , Li Wenxin , Dou Qiang , Li Qingnuan
Published: February 2021

To develop the application of 95Nb as an indicator of redox potential for fuel salt in molten salt reactor (MSR), the specific activity of 95Nb in FLiBe salt and its deposition of 95Nb on Hastelloy C276 have been studied. Experimental results indicated that the amount of 95Nb deposited on Hastelloy C276 resulted from its chemical reduction exhibited a positive correlation with the decrease of 95Nb activity in FLiBe salt and the relative deposition coefficient of 95Nb to 103Ru appeared a well correlation with 95Nb activity in FLiBe salt. Both correlations implied that the measurement of 95Nb activity deposited on Hastelloy C276 specimen might provide a quantitative approach for monitoring the redox potential of fuel salt in MSR.
Overview of COVID-19 and neurological complications
Authors: Hosseini Nasrin , Nadjafi Shabnam , Ashtary Behnaz
Published: February 2021

The sudden and storming onset of coronavirus 2 infection (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]) was associated by severe acute respiratory syndrome. Recently, corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19) has appeared as a pandemic throughout the world. The mutational nature of the virus, along with the different means of entering and spreading throughout the body has involved different organs. Thus, patients are faced with a wide range of symptoms and signs. Neurological symptoms, such as anosmia, agnosia, stroke, paralysis, cranial nerve deficits, encephalopathy, meningitis, delirium and seizures, are reported as common complications affecting the course of the disease and its treatment. In this review, special attention was paid to reports that addressed the acute or chronic neurological manifestations in COVID-19 patients who may present acute respiratory syndrome or not. Moreover, we discussed the central (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) complications in SARS-Cov2-infected patients, and also the pathophysiology of neurological abnormalities in COVID-19.
Default mode network activity in depression subtypes
Authors: Borserio Bernard J. , Sharpley Christopher F. , Bitsika Vicki , Sarmukadam Kimaya , Fourie Phillip J. , Agnew Linda L.
Published: February 2021

Depression continues to carry a major disease burden worldwide, with limitations on the success of traditional pharmacological or psychological treatments. Recent approaches have therefore focused upon the neurobiological underpinnings of depression, and on the “individualization” of depression symptom profiles. One such model of depression has divided the standard diagnostic criteria into four “depression subtypes”, with neurological and behavioral pathways. At the same time, attention has been focused upon the region of the brain known as the “default mode network” (DMN) and its role in attention and problem-solving. However, to date, no review has been published of the links between the DMN and the four subtypes of depression. By searching the literature studies from the last 20 years, 62 relevant papers were identified, and their findings are described for the association they demonstrate between aspects of the DMN and the four depression subtypes. It is apparent from this review that there are potential positive clinical and therapeutic outcomes from focusing upon DMN activation and connectivity, via psychological therapies, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and some emerging pharmacological models.
Unique builders for classes of matrices
Authors: Hurley Ted
Published: February 2021

Basic matrices are defined which provide unique building blocks for the class of normal matrices which include the classes of unitary and Hermitian matrices. Unique builders for quantum logic gates are hence derived as a quantum logic gates is represented by, or is said to be, a unitary matrix. An efficient algorithm for expressing an idempotent as a unique sum of rank 1 idempotents with increasing initial zeros is derived. This is used to derive a unique form for mixed matrices. A number of (further) applications are given: for example (i)Uis a symmetric unitary matrix if and only if it has the formI− 2Efor a symmetric idempotentE, (ii) a formula for the pseudo inverse in terms of basic matrices is derived. Examples for various uses are readily available.
Zur Bedeutung soziodemografischer, sportbezogener und soziokultureller Merkmale für die soziale Integration junger Migranten in Schweizer Sportvereinen
Authors: Zwahlen Jenny Adler , Nagel Siegfried , Schlesinger Torsten
Published: February 2021

Dieser Beitrag analysiert, basierend auf Essers (2009) vierdimensionalem Integrationskonzept, das Ausmaß der sozialen Integration von einheimischen und immigrierten Mitgliedern im Vereinssport (n = 780; M
Alter = 20.62; 38.2 % weiblich; 38.5 % mit Migrationshintergrund). Dabei interessierte der Einfluss soziodemografischer, sportbezogener sowie soziokultureller Merkmale. Mitglieder der ersten Migrationsgeneration waren entlang dreier Integrationsdimensionen weniger stark integriert als einheimische und immigrierte Mitglieder der zweiten bzw. dritten Generation. Multiple Regressionsanalysen verdeutlichten, dass einige Merkmale signifikant mit den Integrationsdimensionen zusammenhängen (Mitgliedschaftsdauer, elterliche Sportvereinsaktivität, Wertorientierung, bikulturelle Integrationseinstellung) und somit relevanter für die soziale Integration sind als andere (Identität, Nationalität).
Sport im Strafvollzug aus der Perspektive der Inhaftierten: Ein systematisches Review qualitativer Forschungsarbeiten
Authors: Müller Johannes , Mutz Michael
Published: February 2021

Basierend auf einer systematischen Literaturrecherche über den Sport im Strafvollzug geht das Review der Frage nach, wie die Inhaftierten den Gefängnissport erfahren und reflektieren. Gestützt auf zehn qualitative Studien werden die zentralen Bedeutungsfacetten des Sports in der Haft herausgearbeitet. Grundsätzlich wird darauf verwiesen, dass der Sport für die Häftlinge ein wichtiges Medium bei der Bewältigung der mit der Inhaftierung typischerweise einhergehenden negativen Begleiterscheinungen ist: Die Teilnahme am Sport ermöglicht es ihnen, die Monotonie und Langeweile des Gefängnisalltags aufzubrechen, Stress abzubauen und das Gefühl von sozialer Isolation zu reduzieren. Darüber hinaus bietet der Gefängnissport in einer totalitären Institution eine der wenigen Nischen, in denen sich die (männlichen) Gefangenen temporär als selbstbestimmte Subjekte erfahren können. Negative Einflüsse des Sports werden in bisherigen Studien kaum thematisiert, ebenso wenig wird Sport als Mittel der Resozialisierung gesehen. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden Forschungslücken und Perspektiven für zukünftige Studien aufgezeigt.
Truthmaker semantics for natural language: Attitude verbs, modals, and intensional transitive verbs
Authors: Moltmann Friederike
Published: February 2021

This paper gives an outline of truthmaker semantics for natural language against the background of standard possible-worlds semantics. It develops a truthmaker semantics for attitude reports and deontic modals based on an ontology of attitudinal and modal objects and on a semantic function of clauses as predicates of such objects. The semantics is applied to factive verbs and response-stance verbs as well as to cases of modal concord. The paper also presents new motivations for ‘object-based truthmaker semantics’ from intensional transitive verbs such asneed, look for, own, andbuyand gives an outline of their semantics based on a further development of truthmaker semantics.
Against Upwards Agree
Authors: Rudnev Pavel
Published: February 2021

Bjorkman, Bronwyn & Hedde Zeijlstra. 2019. Checking up on (φ)-Agree.Linguistic Inquiry50(3). 527–569 claim that agreement with the absolutive argument in ergative-absolutive languages follows naturally in an Upwards-Agree system supplemented by the relation of Accessibility ifφ-agreement is parasitic on structural case assigned to the absolutive noun phrase either by T or by v. By drawing evidence from two distantly related East Caucasian languages—Chirag and Avar—the present article argues that this theory is both too strong and too weak. I then show that the problematical facts are trivially analysable with standard Agree (Chomsky, Noam. 2000. Minimalist inquiries: The framework. In Roger Martin, David Michaels & Juan Uriagereka (eds.),Step by step: Essays on minimalist syntax in honor of Howard Lasnik, 89–155. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Presset seq.).
Können genossenschaftliche Filialbanken von Direktbanken lernen?
Authors: Werther-Leuthäußer Sabine
Published: February 2021

Die Digitalisierung stellt klassische Finanzinstitute vor herausfordernde Aufgaben. Direktbanken gewinnen von Jahr zu Jahr Marktanteile und dies sowohl von öffentlich-rechtlichen als auch von genossenschaftlichen Kreditinstituten.

Vgl. Atzler, E. et al., Onlinebanken, 2018, o. S.

Während Direktbanken mit günstigen Konditionen und digitalen Prozessen bei den Kunden Erfolg haben, geraten besonders die Regionalbanken, auch aufgrund ihrer geschäftspolitischen Ausrichtung, zunehmend unter Wettbewerbsdruck.

Vgl. Atzler, E., Girokonten, 2017, o. S.

Besonders die Generation Y und nachfolgende, haben andere Bedürfnisse und Wünsche an ihre Bank, als vorhergehende Altersgruppen. Diese gilt es zu identifizieren und letztlich deren Ansprüchen gerecht zu werden.

Vgl. Auge-Dickhut, S. et al., Kundenzentrierung, 2014, S.73.; Kupperschmidt, B. R., Multigenerational, 2000, S. 70; Zemke, R. et al., Generations, 2000, S. 93 ff.

Dieser Beitrag zeigt die Unterschiede zwischen Direktbanken und genossenschaftlichen Filialbanken sowie mögliche Lösungswege für die Kreditgenossenschaften auf.
Dirac cones for graph models of multilayer AA-stacked graphene sheets
Authors: de Oliveira César R. , Rocha Vinícius L.
Published: February 2021

We propose an extension, of a quantum graph model for a single sheet of graphene, to multilayer AA-stacked graphene and also to a model of the bulk graphite. Spectra and Dirac cones are explicitly characterized for bilayer and trilayer graphene, as well as for graphite. For weak layer interaction (as proposed in the text), simple perturbation arguments also cover any number of layers and it mathematically recovers basic cone existences from the theoretical and experimental physics literature; its main strength is its simplicity.
The use of Hungarian as a minority language in municipal offices in Southern Slovakia
Authors: Misad Katalin
Published: February 2021

The present paper investigates the bilingualism of municipal offices of Hungarian dominant settlements in Southern Slovakia, focusing on communication in these offices in relation to the relevant legal regulations, specifically on the language of signage outside and inside the offices, the language choice of oral and written communication in administration, and the language of official means of communication. Throughout the paper, the author points out issues that make the practical application of legal regulations difficult, and comments on the basic conditions of the asserting minority language rights.
Modelado 3D aplicado a las plantas del vivero de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Ocaña.
Authors: Areniz-Arevalo Yesenia , Rico-Bautista Dewar , Cuesta-Quintero Fabian , Coronel-Rojas Luis Anderson
Published: February 2021

El Jardín Botánico Universitario Jorge Enrique Quintero Arenas fue creado con la misión de conservar el ecosistema de bosque seco y, los tipos de vegetación y flora presentes del nororiente de Colombia. Desde las nuevas tecnologías que se puedan integrar sin afectar el medio ambiente y generar diversos cambios en la forma de aprendizaje, se proponen soluciones para el mejoramiento continuo, que al final se hace en pro de la sostenibilidad, calidad de vida y un jardín botánico inteligente. Este artículo, tiene como objetivo mostrar los aspectos del modelado 3D a partir de lo desarrollado en un proyecto anterior sobre una aplicación móvil. Con el ánimo de innovar en dicha APP y lograr una aplicación más interactiva con el usuario se desarrollaron unas funcionalidades donde se implementa la realidad aumentada como tecnología que permitirá llevar la virtualidad a la realidad donde los usuarios podrán ampliar los conocimientos sobre las plantas objeto de estudio del jardín botánico con material multimedia. En el proceso de desarrollo y basados en el aplicativo móvil existente para el vivero inteligente, se plantea las funcionalidades bajo el siguiente esquema, se analiza la imagen grabada por la cámara del celular en busca de un patrón gráfico el cual para nuestro caso se utilizó el código QR existente en cada una de las plantas objeto de estudio, por parte de los investigadores del vivero, el mismo utilizado para la administración de las diferentes intervenciones que se le realizan a cada una de las plantas. Gracias a ese código QR el administrador fácilmente puede identificar la hoja de vida que cada planta agilizando trabajos del día a día como control de plagas, seguimientos a muertes, trasplantes, donaciones que se pueden presentar.
Los accidentes de tránsito desde la perspectiva de la minería de datos. Una revisión de la literatura.
Authors: Henao-Pereira Juan Pablo , Tovar-León Andrea Esperanza , Castillo-Landinez Sandra Patricia , Caicedo-Rodriguez Pablo Eduardo
Published: February 2021

Se habla de un accidente de tránsito (AT) como un hecho inesperado que se presenta sobre las vías, condicionado por factoresde naturaleza humana (imprudencia, descuido, problemas de salud) o también mecánica, involucrando por lo menos un vehículo en movimientoque puede ser automóvil, motocicleta o bicicleta; estos eventos provocan pérdidas de vidas o lesiones. Las cifras de los entes gubernamentalesseñalan que los accidentes de tránsito son la segunda causa de muerte violenta en Colombia, por lo que en este trabajo se indaga, cómo a travésde técnicas de minería de datos es posible analizar los accidentes de tránsito, desde otra perspectiva, proponiendo un contexto inicial deinvestigación. Para tal fin, fueron recopilados trabajos de diferentes bases de datos como ScienceDirect, IEEE, ACM, Scielo, Redib ySpringerOpen, los cuales se clasificaron en tres ejes temáticos. Los resultados muestran que en una fase inicial de investigación de AT se debendesarrollar modelos de minería de datos de tipo descriptivo vinculando diferentes fuentes de datos.
Innovación Estratégica: Una Revisión Sistemática de Literatura.
Authors: Ferney Virgüez Jonathan , Castro-Silva Hugo Fernando , Chaparro-Pérez Cindy Johana , Angarita-López Jhonn Jairo
Published: February 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo identificar la conceptualización de la innovación estratégica y su importancia para lacompetitividad. Por tal motivo, se realizó una revisión sistemática de literatura a través de la metodología propuesta por Tranfield (2003) y unanálisis de tendencias sobre el tema utilizando la herramienta de software para construir y visualizar redes bibliométricas VOSviewer®. Losresultados obtenidos reflejan que el estudio del tema es relativamente nuevo para la comunidad académica y que ha progresado sustancialmenteen los últimos años, sin embargo, todavía es un campo donde el panorama general apenas comienza a tomar forma. Finalmente se hizo evidenteque la innovación estratégica es un factor clave para la generación de una oferta de valor para las partes interesadas y una herramienta importantepara mantener y promover la competitividad y el desarrollo de ventajas competitivas sostenibles.
Caracterización fisicoquímica de las arcillas utilizadas en la preparación de pastas cerámicas para la producción de los lotes de ladrillo tipo h-10 en la empresa Ladrillera Valledupar s.a.s. (Colombia)
Authors: Manco-Jaraba Dino Carmelo , Martínez-Contreras Cristian Andrés , Gómez-Jiménez Jesús Enrique , Girales-Puerta Diana Isabel , Molina-Arenas Sandra Isabel
Published: February 2021

Caracterizar física y químicamente las arcillas utilizadas en la preparación de pastas cerámicas para la producción de los lotes de ladrillo tipo H-10 en la empresa Ladrillera Valledupar S.A.S. Para el cumplimiento de los objetivos de la investigación se llevó a cabo una fase de revisión documental en las diferentes bases de datos científicas; posteriormente una etapa de campo, donde se realizaron seis (6) apiques, se recolectaron cinco (5) muestras. A tres (3) de las muestras (A2-C1 Arcilla (N) Negra, A4-C1 Arcilla (T) Tierra y A1-C3 Arcilla (P) Parda) se les aplicaron ensayos de fluorescencia de rayos X (FRX–XRF). Las propiedades físicas fueron evaluadas con el índice de plasticidad de Attenberg, mediante cazuela Casagrande, kit para determinar el limite líquido y ensayos de resistencia a la compresión y absorción de agua (NTC 4205-2 / 2009, NTC 4017 / 2018). Se determinó que las arcillas negras y pardas comparten composiciones químicas (Si, Al y Fe), los cuales son predominantes el K, Mg, Ca, Na y Ti, además presentan promedio % absorción de agua de 9.882 a 12.23 y promedio de resistencia a la compresión de 1.748 a 2.334. La composición química de la arcilla tierra A4-C1 por sí sola no es la más apropiada para la fabricación de productos cerámicos, dada sus altas concentraciones de silicio y bajas concentraciones de alúmina que sobrepasan el 70% y recaen en 16% respectivamente.
Rankings analysis with the Optimized Pareto method.
Authors: Delgado-Saavedra Carlos Andres , García-Baños Angel , Bucheli-Guerrero Victor Andrés
Published: February 2021

Rankings compare the performance of organizations. In many cases, rankings provide a good assessment of successful organizations. However, rankings often generate controversy and debate since they support the making decisions. A ranking is a weighted linear combination of indicators, and the weights assigned to each of the indicators can lead to different rank orders. In most cases, rankings are used as a tool to support making decisions, such as resource allocation; therefore, these decisions can be affected by the assignment of such weights. In this article, we analyze the behavior of a ranking and the weights; simulations are used to calculate the change in the order of the equally weighted ranking and of the randomly weighted ranking. In this regard, we present a discussion and ranking design alternatives.