bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of supporting software tool for decision-making during low-probability severe accident management at nuclear power plants
Authors: Štrubelj Luka , Debelak Klemen , Bohanec Marko , Kikaj Adem , Vrbanić Ivan , Bašić Ivica
Published: July 2023

In the project NARSIS – New Approach to Reactor Safety ImprovementS – possible advances in safety assessment of nuclear power plants (NPPs) were considered, which also included possible improvements in the field of management of low probability accident scenarios. As a part of it, a supporting software tool for making decisions under severe accident management was developed.

The mentioned tool, named Severa, is a prototype demonstration-level decision supporting system, aimed for the use by the technical support center (TSC) while managing a severe accident, or for the training purposes. Severa interprets, stores and monitors key physical measurements during accident sequence progression. It assesses the current state of physical barriers: core, reactor coolant system, reactor pressure vessel and containment. The tool gives predictions regarding accident progression in the case that no action is taken by the TSC. It provides a list of possible recovery strategies and courses of action. The applicability and feasibility of possible action courses in the given situation are addressed. For each action course, Severa assesses consequences in terms of probability of the containment failure and estimated time window for failure. At the end, Severa evaluates and ranks the feasible actions, providing recommendations for the TSC. The verification and validation of Severa has been performed in the project and is also described in this paper. Although largely simplified in its current state, Severa successfully demonstrated its potential for supporting accident management and pointed toward the next steps needed with regard to further advancements in this field.
Assessing the Scale of the Radioactive Waste Management Problem: A Review of European Union and International Reporting
Authors: Šimić Zdenko
Published: July 2023

Information on the management of radioactive waste (RW), including inventory, can be obtained from several sources, such as the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the European Commission. The IAEA is collecting voluntary national profiles through the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management. The European Commission is requiring reports from Member States in accordance with Council Directive 2011/70/Euratom, which establishes a framework for the safe and responsible management of spent fuel and radioactive waste. The findings from these reports are published by the IAEA and EC every three years and provide comparable information on RW policies, frameworks, and programs, with a significant focus on waste and spent fuel inventories and associated practices and technologies. This paper reviews the latest available reports from the Commission and the IAEA, focusing on the RW inventory and disposal status. The paper presents some findings on the overall situation in the European Union (EU) and the comparison of inventories between EU Member States, as well as a comparison with the reporting from the IAEA regarding the global situation. The presentation of the radioactive waste and spent fuel inventories is normalized per person and land area, with the intention of improving understanding of the scale of the RW management problem. The relative scale of the problem is also demonstrated by comparison with hazardous waste inventories. There is a total of 264,000 tons of spent fuel worldwide, equivalent to concentration of 2 g/km2 or 0.04 g/capita. The total amount of all categories of radioactive waste is 37.6 million m3, equivalent to 290 l/km2 or 5 l/capita. The majority of RW (92%) is very low or low level, and 81% has already been disposed of. In comparison, ten times more hazardous waste is produced worldwide each year (~50 kg/capita/year). These numbers indicate that the amounts of RW are relatively small. The status reports, with a high percentage of RW disposed of, show that RW is routinely manageable, including the management of high-level RW. This is also demonstrated by the fact that Finland is soon to open a permanent disposal site, with several other countries following suit.
Integral Approach for Overvoltage Management Based on Field Data and Modelling
Authors: Jurisic Bruno , Župan Tomislav , Filipović-Grčić Božidar , Levačić Goran
Published: July 2023

The requirements for the power network to be flexible and to be able to transmit more power are becoming more important as a consequence of high share of the renewables. Therefore, to maintain the level of reliability of the power network, it is necessary to monitor more and more data as well as to better understand the phenomena that might exist in the power system, such as transients.
One of the points that are of interest are interaction between power transformer and the other components in the network. A failure of such component may lead to power network unavailability and high economic cost. According to the CIGRE WG A2.37, high portion of the transformer failure may have been caused by the overvoltage. Therefore, it is important to handle overvoltage in the power network with high care.
In this paper, an integral approach for power transformer overvoltages management based on field measurements and advanced electromagnetic transients (EMT) modelling is presented. It consists of simulating overvoltages using detailed power network models, including the high frequency transformer models and continuous monitoring of overvoltage events at the places of interest in the power network. This work gives a framework for dealing with overvoltages in the power network that could be implemented by power utilities.
Graphical Visualisation of the MCNP Mesh Tally File
Authors: Matijević Mario , Trontl Krešimir , Markota Domagoj
Published: July 2023

This paper presents an updated version of the MTV3D (Mesh Tally Visualization in 3D) program with Windows graphical user interface for visualization of the MCNP-based mesh tally files. Several improvements over the previous program version are addressing better figure export functionality ("Save as" option), switching between linear and logarithmic values on axes, dynamic figure scaling in active window, inversion of relative errors from “max” to “min” values, etc. MCNP is a well known and widely used general purpose Monte Carlo computer code for neutron, photon and electron transport simulation through arbitrary three-dimensional configurations. An important feature of the MCNP code is a graphical display of the simulation model using auxiliary program, such as X-window server, which is useful for geometry error-checking during model setup and visualisation of Monte Carlo results from a mesh tally file (i.e. meshtal file) over a structured xyz mesh. Such inspection of the model is useful for the end user, providing an insight of the Monte Carlo convergence process in a phase space and effectiveness of the selected variance reduction parameters in shielding calculations. Basic features and functionalities of the updated MTV3D program are presented on some selected hybrid-shielding problems involving ADVANTG3.0.3 and MCNP6.1.1b codes.
Seismic Standards Qualification of Instrument Transformers by Shake Table Test and Linear FEM Analysis
Authors: Čehil Ivan , Žiger Igor , Capan Tomislav , Tuferdžić Matej
Published: July 2023

Power grids are widely recognized as vital components of modern infrastructure. In today's society, nearly every aspect of daily life comes to a halt without electricity. Therefore, it is crucial to design power grids and their components to withstand various natural disasters. In this context, special attention is given to earthquakes and the need to enhance equipment resilience against this highly unpredictable event, which significantly impacts power grids.

Instrument transformers could be the critical component in substations due to their slender design. Having this in mind, it is necessary to carry out further research and encourage development in order to reduce the impact of earthquakes on substations. Seismic qualifications are one of the means to achieve that goal.

The primary objective of this paper is to share insights and experiences related to the preparation, implementation, and supervision of seismic tests conducted on a shake table. The FEM analysis, conducted as a crucial step in transformer design preparation and shake table testing, strictly adhered to the standards set by IEEE 693. IEEE 693 is widely recognized as the most demanding seismic standard regarding the substation equipment. Furthermore, the latest version of IEEE 693 was compared to other relevant standards, including IEC 61869 (current draft 38/652/CD), ETGI 1.020, and IEC 62271-300, to gain a comprehensive perspective.

FEM analysis is characterized not only as a tool for design preparation and pre-test analysis but also as a valid tool for performing seismic qualifications, based on the comparison with the actual shake table tests. The paper extensively utilized the findings from seismic tests conducted on two distinct transformers, each employing different materials for critical components, in various test laboratories. These findings formed the basis for detailed analysis and conclusive insights, aligning with different versions of IEEE 693.

This article aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of the seismic qualification process, providing valuable insights for substation designers, seismic specialists, and end users.
Dificuldades de Aprendizagem E O Desenvolvimento Motor de Alunos dos anos Iniciais de Ensino Fundamenta Numa Perspectiva Neuropsicopedagógica
Authors: Feliciano Eduardo Fernando , Dias Araújo José Pedro , Cardoso Fabrício Bruno , Loureiro Vitor da Silva
Published: July 2023

Durante a vida, as pessoas dominam habilidades fundamentais para o avanço motor, por exemplo, coordenação, equilíbrio e composição corporal, que são significativas para os períodos de vida resultantes. Problemas de aprendizagem aparecem quando o jovem inicia sua vida escolar, muitas vezes ligados a questões psicomotoras. Assim, os especialistas em formação devem estar prontos para distinguir os suplentes que apresentam má execução escolar, buscando medidas que possam limitar ou tentar sanar esses problemas. Objetivo: Este artigo procurou demonstrar, por meio da escrita, como o avanço do motor está relacionado com os problemas de aprendizagem nos primeiros longos períodos do Ensino Fundamental. Material e Técnicas: A revisão foi auxiliada por uma pesquisa escrita exploratória. Para este exame foram utilizados trabalhos e livros escolásticos sobre a questão da psicomotricidade e aperfeiçoamento motor, além de estudos distribuídos entre as décadas de 1980 e 2015, por meio de diários no banco de dados Scielo e Google Schoolar. Últimas contemplações: Constatou-se que a rápida mediação dos educadores e, especificamente, da própria formação pode contribuir para a aprendizagem dos subestudos por meio de exercícios que animam a virada psicomotora dos acontecimentos e o resultado da experiência de crescimento instrutivo, afastando-se de decepções e rejeições escolares.
Abatacept as Monotherapy and in Combination With Methotrexate in Patients With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Analysis of 2 Phase III Trials
Authors: Ruperto Nicolino , Lovell Daniel J. , Berman Alberto , Anton Jordi , Viola Diego O. , Lauwerys Bernard , Rama Maria E. , Bohnsack John , Breedt Johannes , Fischbach Michel , Lutz Thomas , Minden Kirsten , Ally Mahmood , Rubio-Pérez Nadina , Gervais Elisabeth , Van Zyl Riana , Wong Robert , Askelson Margarita , Martini Alberto , Brunner Hermine I.
Published: July 2023

Objective

To describe the efficacy and safety data of children with polyarticular-course juvenile idiopathic arthritis (pcJIA) treated with abatacept (ABA) + methotrexate (MTX) or ABA monotherapy when prior MTX use was either ineffective or not tolerated.

Methods

Posthoc analysis of 2 phase III trials of subcutaneous (SC) and intravenous (IV) ABA over 2 years in patients with pcJIA (aged 2-17 years). Patients were stratified by treatment with ABA + MTX or ABA monotherapy and further by prior biologic use. Efficacy outcomes included JIA–American College of Rheumatology (JIA-ACR) responses, Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score in 27 joints using C-reactive protein (JADAS27-CRP), and safety. Descriptive pharmacokinetic analyses were also performed.

Results

Efficacy responses (JIA-ACR and JADAS27-CRP) were similar between patients receiving ABA + MTX (n = 310) or ABA monotherapy (n = 99) and persisted over 2 years. Clinical response rates were similar in biologic-naïve patients and prior biologic users; this was independent of MTX use. Across both studies, ABA + MTX and ABA monotherapy displayed similar safety profiles. Pharmacokinetic results revealed similar minimum steady-state trough ABA concentrations between studies. Further, baseline MTX did not influence ABA clearance and was not a significant predictor of JIA-ACR responses.

Conclusion

ABA monotherapy (SC and IV) was effective and well tolerated in children with pcJIA when prior MTX use was ineffective or not tolerated. Treatment effects of ABA appear to be independent of MTX coadministration. Consequently, ABA monotherapy can be considered for those with prior biologic therapy if MTX use is inappropriate. (ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT01844518andNCT00095173)
Obesity Represents a Persisting Health Issue in Axial Spondyloarthritis, Particularly Affecting Socially Disadvantaged Patients
Authors: Micheroli Raphael , Bhatia Sangeeta , Vallejo-Yagüe Enriqueta , Burden Andrea Michelle , Möller Burkhard , Nissen Michael J. , Kyburz Diego , Kissling Seraphina , Distler Oliver , Ospelt Caroline , Ciurea Adrian
Published: July 2023

Objective

Obesity is an important comorbidity in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA); however, the prevalence of obesity in axSpA compared with the general population and associated socioeconomic factors remain unknown.

Methods

This repeated cross-sectional study compared BMI (kg/m2) groups of patients with axSpA to the Swiss population at 3 timepoints (2007, 2012, and 2017). BMI categories were compared by different age, sex, and education categories using the chi-square goodness of fit test. Unpaired, 1-sidedttests were used to compare the BMI in patients with axSpA between the different timepoints.

Results

Compared to the general population, patients with axSpA had a higher proportion of overweight and obesity: 18.9% of all patients with axSpA were obese, compared to 11.3% of the Swiss population in 2017. Comparison of BMI groups within sex, age, and education groups consistently showed a trend toward higher rates of overweight and obesity in axSpA. Further, patients with axSpA, especially females, showed a trend of increasing BMI over the studied 10 years. At every time point, overweight and obese patients were significantly more likely to be male, were older, and had higher disease activity than patients with normal weight. Obesity was associated with a deprived socioeconomic status as indicated by a higher proportion of patients with manual labor jobs and lower levels of education.

Conclusion

The prevalence of obesity was significantly higher among patients with axSpA compared to the Swiss population, with socially disadvantaged individuals being the most affected. There is an urgent need to initiate prevention strategies for obesity in patients with axSpA.
Factors Associated With Residual Disease in Axial Spondyloarthritis: Results From a Clinical Practice Registry
Authors: Webers Casper , Boonen Annelies , Vonkeman Harald E. , van Tubergen Astrid
Published: July 2023

Objective

To explore residual disease, defined as substantial symptoms and disease burden despite a remission or low disease activity (LDA) state, in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), and to determine which factors are associated with residual disease.

Methods

For this cross-sectional observational study, 1 timepoint per patient was used from SpA-Net, a web-based monitoring registry for SpA. Patients with an Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) < 2.1 (LDA) were included. Indicators of residual disease (outcomes) included fatigue (primary outcome), pain, physical functioning, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and peripheral symptoms. Sex was the primary explanatory factor for residual disease. Other explanatory factors included demographics and disease-related factors. Associations between these factors and presence and extent of residual disease were explored using logistic and linear regression.

Results

In total, 267 patients in an LDA state were included. Mean age was 50.6 (SD 14.3) years and 100 (37.5%) were female. Residual disease occurred frequently (n = 114 [42.7%] had fatigue scores > 4/10; n = 34 [17.8%] had pain scores > 4/10), including in those in remission (ASDAS < 1.3). Physical HRQOL was reduced in 27% and moderate/poor in 33%. Multivariable regression analyses showed that reported fatigue was more severe and prevalent in female patients (fatigue severity [0–10]: Bfemale= 0.78, 95% CI 0.18-1.38; fatigue > 4/10: ORfemale= 3.29, 95% CI 1.74-6.20). Other indicators of residual disease (ie, pain, peripheral symptoms, physical HRQOL) were also more severe and/or more prevalent in females.

Conclusion

Residual disease is frequent in patients with axSpA who are in an LDA state, including remission, and it is particularly prevalent in female patients. Future studies should address how to manage or prevent residual disease in axSpA.
GRAPPA 2022 Trainee Symposium: A Summary of Oral and Poster Presentations
Authors: Husni M. Elaine , Kaur Raminderjit , Armstrong April W. , Eder Lihi
Published: July 2023

One of the highlights of the 2022 Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) annual meeting was the trainee symposium. Dermatology and rheumatology trainees presented their research related to psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. This report briefly reviews 5 oral presentations and 15 posters that were selected for this annual meeting. Topics include basic/translational, clinical, and outcomes research reflecting the spectrum of GRAPPA’s effort and influence nationally and internationally in the area of psoriatic diseases.
Report of the Skin Research Workgroups From the IDEOM Breakout at the GRAPPA 2022 Annual Meeting
Authors: Zundell Melissa P. , Woodbury Michael J. , Lee Kathryn , Perez-Chada Lourdes M. , Armstrong April W. , Strand Vibeke , Merola Joseph F. , Gottlieb Alice B.
Published: July 2023

The International Dermatology Outcome Measures (IDEOM) organization presented an update on its progress related to patient-centered outcome measures for psoriasis (PsO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) at the 2022 annual meeting of the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA). The Musculoskeletal (MSK) Symptoms working group presented an update on the development of the IDEOM Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (IDEOM MSK-Q). The IDEOM MSK-Q is a patient-reported outcome measure intended to capture MSK symptoms and describe their intensity and impact on health-related quality of life in patients with psoriatic disease. IDEOM also presented the progress of the integration of the Psoriasis Epidemiology Screening Tool (PEST) and Psoriatic Arthritis Impact of Disease (PsAID) questionnaires into the Epic electronic health record system. This will allow for automated PsA screening and symptom measurement in the hopes of improving disease detection and treat-to-target strategies. The Treatment Satisfaction working group discussed the development of the DermSat-7, a 7-item treatment satisfaction questionnaire specific for dermatological conditions. The DermSat-7 is currently being validated in a multicenter study of patients with PsO.
Developing Ultrasound Measures for the Early Diagnosis of Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Kaeley Gurjit S. , Eder Lihi , Aydin Sibel Z.
Published: July 2023

The Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) ultrasound (US) steering committee provided an update at GRAPPA’s 2022 annual meeting on activities to enable earlier diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis. An update of the Diagnostic Ultrasound Enthesitis Tool (DUET) study included preliminary reliability results for US enthesitis elementary lesions. Common scanning pitfalls were reviewed. New projects included widening the scope of US beyond large entheses and validating small point-of-care US probes to evaluate enthesitis.
Young-GRAPPA (Y-GRAPPA) at the 2022 GRAPPA Annual Meeting: One Year in Y-GRAPPA. Where Do We Stand, Where Do We Go?
Authors: Ayan Gizem , Coras Roxana , Grynszpan Rachel , Herrera Sebastián , Jethwa Hannah , Johnsson Hanna J. , Silva Dimitri L.F. , van Mens Leonieke , Mulder Michelle L.M. , Simon David , Vivekanantham Arani , Proft Fabian
Published: July 2023

Young-GRAPPA (Y-GRAPPA) was introduced at the 2021 Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) annual meeting. Here we present the 1-year progress of Y-GRAPPA and future plans of this enthusiastic group of young clinicians and early career researchers interested in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.
A trajectory outlier detection method based on variational auto-encoder
Authors: Zhang Longmei , Lu Wei , Xue Feng , Chang Yanshuo
Published: July 2023

Trajectory outlier detection can identify abnormal phenomena from a large number of trajectory data, which is helpful to discover or predict potential traffic risks. In this work, we proposed a trajectory outlier detection model based on variational auto-encoder. First, the model encodes the trajectory data as parameters of distribution functions based on the statistical characteristics of urban traffic. Then, an auto-encoder network is built and trained. The training goal of the auto-encoder network is to maximize the generation probability of original trajectories when decoding. Once the model training is completed, we can detect the trajectory outlier by the difference between a trajectory and the trajectory generated by the model. The advantage of the proposed model is that it only needs to compute the difference between the original trajectory and the trajectory generated by the model when detecting the trajectory outlier, which greatly reduces the amount of calculation and makes the model very suitable for real-time detection scenarios. In addition, the distance threshold between the abnormal trajectory and the normal trajectory can be set by referring to the proportion of the abnormal trajectory in the training data set, which eliminates the difficulty of setting the threshold manually and makes the model more convenient to be applied in different actual scenes. In terms of effect, the proposed model has achieved more than 95% in accuracy, which is better than the two typical density-based and classification-based detection methods, and also better than the methods based on machine learning in recent years. In terms of efficiency, the model has good convergence in the training phase and the training time increases slowly with the data scale, which is better than or as the same as the comparison methods.
Assessment of haemodynamic response to tracheal intubation and prone positioning following clonidine and enalaprilat in lumbar spine surgeries: A double blind randomised controlled trial
Authors: Dhas Meshach M. , Gayathri Balasubramaniam , Kuppusamy Anand , Mani Karthik , Pattu Harish
Published: July 2023

Background and Aim:

This study evaluates the effectiveness of long-acting antihypertensive drugs (clonidine and enalaprilat) in blunting the intubation response. Also, the study seeks to determine how effectively clonidine and enalaprilat can maintain stable haemodynamics during a change in position.

Methods:

After ethical committee approval and trial registration, a double-blinded, randomised controlled trial was conducted with 71 consenting patients scheduled for elective spine surgery in a prone position under general anaesthesia. Group C received clonidine 2 μg/kg, and Group E received enalaprilat 1.25 mg diluted in normal saline as an intravenous infusion given over 10 min before induction of anaesthesia. The changes in heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) in response to the infusion of the study drugs, induction, tracheal intubation and change in position were recorded. P value <0.05 was considered significant. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.

Results:

Clonidine infusion caused a significant fall in heart rate post-infusion and post-induction with propofol (p value <0.05). Both clonidine and enalaprilat caused a significant fall in mean arterial pressure (MAP) post-infusion and post-induction (p value <0.05). Clonidine effectively blunted the intubation response with no increase in HR and MAP following intubation. Enalaprilat caused a significant rise in HR in response to intubation. On proning, there was a significant fall in MAP in both groups.

Conclusion:

Clonidine is effective in blunting the intubation response. Preoperative infusion of clonidine and enalaprilat causes hypotension during a change of position.
Effect of binaural beat music and noise cancelling headphones on intraoperative anxiety in patients undergoing spinal anaesthesia – A randomised controlled study
Authors: Ligree Navin , Nanda Samridhi , Morwal Sanjay , Garg Komal
Published: July 2023

Background and Aims:

This study aimed to determine the effects of music and active noise cancellation on intraoperative anxiety in patients undergoing lower limb surgeries under spinal anaesthesia.

Methods:

After obtaining ethical approval, this randomised controlled study was conducted in adult patients (18–50 years of age) of either gender. Patients were randomly allocated to binaural beat music (Group A), noise cancellation (Group B) or no headphones (Group C) group (n = 36 in each group). State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-6 (STAI-6) score and Visual Analogue Score for Satisfaction (VAS-S) were noted preoperatively and at the end of surgery. In addition, Ramsay sedation scores and Likert communication difficulty scores were noted at 30 min intraoperatively. Haemodynamic parameters were noted preoperatively and at different intervals intraoperatively till the end of the surgery.

Results:

There was a significant decrease in anxiety scores in Group A, Group B and Group C with postoperative STAI-6 scores (mean ± standard deviation) of 7.8 ± 1.7, 11.7 ± 4.2 and 14.7 ± 5.3, respectively. The difference was significant in Groups A and B compared to Group C (P < 0.001). Patient satisfaction scores in Groups A and B were better than in Group C (7.3 ± 1.7 and 6.2 ± 1.6 vs. 5.2 ± 1.3, respectively). Sedation scores and communication difficulty was significantly better in Groups A and B compared to Group C. Systolic blood pressure was significantly better intra- and postoperatively. There were no significant differences in other haemodynamic parameters on most occasions.

Conclusion:

Music and noise-cancellation headphones can reduce anxiety and improve satisfaction and sedation scores in patients undergoing spinal anaesthesia.
Comparison of safety and efficacy of thoracic epidural block and erector spinae plane block for analgesia in patients with multiple rib fractures: A pilot single-blinded, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Singh Swati , Avinash Raja , Jaiswal Shreyas , Kumari Anita
Published: July 2023

Background and Aims:

Pain associated with rib fractures is challenging to manage. This pilot trial aimed to assess the efficacy of erector spinae plane block (ESPB) compared with thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) for controlling pain associated with multiple rib fractures.

Methods:

This randomised, single-blinded, controlled pilot study was conducted on trauma patients who had three or more rib fractures and had been admitted at a tertiary care centre. The study was conducted after receiving ethical approval and trial registration. Patients were randomised into two groups: TEA and ESPB, from February 2019 to February 2020. In the ESPB group, a unilateral or bilateral catheter was inserted in the erector spinae space, and an infusion of 0.125% bupivacaine was started. In the TEA group, the thoracic epidural catheter was inserted, and 0.125% bupivacaine infusion was started. Rescue analgesia using intravenous morphine (0.1 mg/kg) was administered if the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score was >3 for 48 hours postoperatively. The primary endpoint was total morphine consumption after administration of ESPB and TEA in patients with a rib fracture.

Results:

Forty patients completed the study, with 20 in each group. Total morphine consumption by patients in the ESPB group was 5.38 ± 2.6 mg per 48 hours, and by those in the TEA group was 5.22 ± 2.11 mg per 48 hours (P = 0.883). Thirty minutes after starting the infusion, mean arterial pressure (MAP) was 64.8 ± 2.1 mmHg in the ESPB group and 57.2 ± 1.3 mmHg in the TEA group (P = 0.00001).

Conclusion:

Total morphine consumption was not statistically different in this pilot trial among the two groups. ESP block may provide similar analgesia with better haemodynamic stability compared to TEA in patients with multiple traumatic rib fractures.
Fractional spinal anaesthesia in high-risk elderly patients for orthopaedic surgery – Case series
Authors: Kaniyil Suvarna , Priya P. G. , Nithinkumar M. P. , Sneha S. R.
Published: July 2023

Elderly patients coming for orthopaedic surgeries usually have many comorbidities. This makes them potentially vulnerable to haemodynamic instability with a conventional bolus dose of spinal anaesthetic. Fractionating the spinal dose was reported to have haemodynamic stability with a longer duration. Here, we present five cases of high-risk elderly patients with multiple comorbidities who presented for orthopaedic surgeries and were successfully managed with fractional spinal anaesthesia.
Does Baska mask deserve its own niche among extraglottic airway devices? A prospective, single-arm study
Authors: Shah Vinisha , Sharma Kailash S. , Kulkarni Atul P.
Published: July 2023

Background and Aims:

A variety of extraglottic airway devices (EADs) are available. Main concerns with EADs are protection against aspiration and ability to ventilate patients with high airway pressures. Baska mask meets these criteria and is the only third-generation device available for clinical use.

Methods:

After institutional ethics committee approval and informed consent were obtained, this prospective study was performed in 100 adult patients undergoing surface surgeries at a tertiary referral centre. The primary outcome was the success rate of insertion, while the secondary outcomes were the sealing pressure, stability of the device and the perioperative complications of Baska mask. We then compared it with other currently used EADs.

Results:

The first attempt at insertion and overall success rates, showed values of 81% and 98%, respectively. Insertion was quick (median 12; interquartile range [IQR] 9–15 s). The mask sealing pressure, was 35 cmH2O (median [IQR 20–50 cmH2O]). Also, the mask remained stable in 95% of patients intraoperatively. Sore throat and dysphagia were seen in 37% and 24% of patients, respectively. No patient had laryngospasm or desaturation at any time. It compared favourably well with other EADs, while achieving higher sealing pressures.

Conclusion:

We found that the Baska mask performs well with excellent first attempt at insertion and overall success rates, higher sealing pressures and minimal complications compared to currently used EADs in clinical anaesthesia.
Wheels/Rims - Military Vehicles Test Procedures and Performance Requirements
Authors:   Truck and Bus Wheel Committee
Published: July 2023

This SAE Recommended Practice provides minimum performance requirements and uniform laboratory procedures for fatigue testing of disc wheels, demountable rims, and bolt-together divided wheels intended for normal highway use on military trucks, buses, truck-trailers, and multipurpose vehicles. Users may establish design criteria exceeding the minimum performance requirement for added confidence in a design. For other (non-military) wheels and rims intended for normal highway use on trucks and buses, refer to SAE J267. For wheels intended for normal highway and temporary use on passenger cars, light trucks, and multipurpose vehicles, refer to SAE J328. For wheels used on trailers drawn by passenger cars, light trucks, or multipurpose vehicles, refer to SAE J1204. This document does not cover off-highway or other special application wheels and rims.
A Theological Study of Paabingkon Pahompu in the Tradition of the Simulangun Society
Authors: Lianto  , Marbun Tolop Oloan , Sarmauli  , Setinawati  , Lilyantie
Published: July 2023

This research examines Paabingkon Pahompu's tradition in Batak Simalungun Theologically. Some people assume that Theology is contradictive with culture. The assumption arises because of the limitation of knowledge of both theology and culture. This limitation causes narrow-mindedness and raises the seed of sectarianism. Sectarianism essentially relates to people who think their faith is correct, while cultures are wrong because it contradicts the Holy Bible. This kinds of thinking is counter-productive and can diminish their original cultural approach. The method used in this study was qualitative with a literature review, and the theological approach assumed was anthropological. The data procedure adopted was by collecting, reducing, and displaying findings. In the beginning, the authors created a relevant bibliography. After that, they analyzes findings and critically built the conceptual framework to answer the problem posed in the research. The second approach taken to collect data was through in-depth interviews. The interviews investigated the balance between the theories and practical paabingkon pahompu. The reduction was to select the relevant and valid data in this research. Through this research, the tradition of paabingkon pahompu has been shown to have theological values such as applying the fifth commandment, uttering the word of blessing, and picturing love as giving and praying for each other. The short conclusion is that the tradition of paabingkon pahompu does not contradict the Holy Bible.
The Qur’an and Islamic Legal Perspectives on Child Protection
Authors: Jauhari Iman , Thaib Zamakhsyari Bin hasballah , Jafar M , Ali Bahar TM , Jamil M , Yusuf Muhammad , Dahlan Zaini
Published: July 2023

This article seeks to examine the perspective of Islamic law on child protection issues, by specifically comparing the teachings of Islamic law on child protection with the Child Protection Law no. 23 of 2002 in Indonesia. This research was based on a literature review with a descriptive analytical and comparative approach being taken. Among the main conclusions in this study are inter alia, that Islamic law provides the best protection for children when compared to conventional domestic legislation and international conventions on child protection. In the Indonesian context, even though the Child Protection Law no. 23 of 2002 has been enacted, there are still many deficiencies in the articles that can be perfected by observing Islamic teachings. The rights of children in Islam start from the time of forming a family, by choosing a good life partner, and it is prohibited to for a spouse to commit adultery as this can devastate the couple and the children if there are any. Furthermore, Islam also protects children before birth by giving them the right to live and it vehemently opposes and prohibits abortion and promotes the obligation to provide nafaqah (financial support a husband must provide for his wife during marriage and for a time after divorce), for pregnant women. After a child is born, Islam also provides protection by providing material and immaterial rights for children. In addition, Islam also provides protection for children in special conditions, such as children who are adopted and children with disabilities.
The communication style of Wahhabi preaching and the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad
Authors: Ismail Syofianis , Mahadi Ujang , Jafar Wahyu Abdul
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine whether the communication style of preaching that Wahhabis have carried out follows the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. So far, Wahhabis have always claimed that Wahhabism is the most sunnah teaching (traditions and practices of the prophet Muhammad PBUH) that constitute a model for Muslims; even clerics from their group get the title of Sunnah priest, while Priests not in line with Wahhabism are labeled as heretics. This study is based on a descriptive literature research approach. The data collection technique used in this research was a literature study. At the same time, the analysis technique used in this research was descriptive. After conducting in-depth research, it was concluded that the preaching communication style that the Wahhabis have carried out is not essentially adhering to the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. Several things cause this discrepancy. First, the Prophet's Preaching is holistic, not focused on a particular theme. In preaching, the Prophet Muhammad did it in a very balanced way. The Prophet preached the issue of monotheism, fiqh, and morality in an integrated manner without highlighting one side or the other. Preaching as the Prophet did, is not followed by the Wahhabis. The Wahhabis, in their preaching, only focus on the purification of monotheism. Second, Wahhabis misunderstand the meaning of bid'ah (heretical) hadith. Wahhabis categorically reject all local traditions that did not exist at the time of the Prophet, even though the Prophet Muhammad's hadith about heresy should be properly understood. The bid'ah prohibited in the hadith is dolalah bid'ah, while the hasanah bid'ah is not forbidden and is even highly recommended. Third, Wahhabis are seemingly committing crimes by falsifying the books of the ahlu sunah wal jamah scholars. Wahhabis changed the contents of the Book, which was initially not following the teachings of Wahhabism, and they were altered to be in line with Wahhabism.
Enhancement of Memory in ALU
Authors: C Mayur . , Ramesh K B .
Published: July 2023

The enhancement of memory in Arithmetic Logic Units (ALUs) is a rapidly developing area of research within the field of computer engineering. ALUs are critical components of processors, responsible for performing arithmetic and logical operations in digital circuits. The growing demand for faster and more efficient computing systems has led researchers to focus on improving the memory performance of ALUs. This paper explores various techniques for enhancing the memory performance of ALUs, including cache memory, pipelining, and parallel processing. Cache memory involves storing frequently accessed data closer to the processor, reducing the time required for data retrieval. Pipelining divides the processing of instructions into smaller stages, allowing multiple instructions to be executed simultaneously. Parallel processing involves splitting data into smaller parts, which can be processed simultaneously on multiple processing units. Despite their benefits, these techniques have limitations and challenges, such as increased power consumption and complexity. The paper also proposes future research directions, such as the development of new algorithms and architectures for memory enhancement in ALUs. Overall, this research area is critical to the continued improvement of computing systems and has the potential to revolutionize the field of computer engineering.
Hydrogeochemical Assessment of Groundwater of Taluka Chachro, Thar Parker, district, Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Samtio Muhammad Soomar , Hakro Asghar A. A. D. , Rajper Khadim Hussain , Mastoi Abdul Shakoor , Rajper Riaz Hussain , Lashari Rafique Ahmed
Published: July 2023

The study was conducted to evaluate the hydrogeochemistry of groundwater. Twenty-six groundwater samples were analysed for the groundwater quality of Chachro Taluka. The EC and TDS contents in most of the water samples were above WHO (2011) recommended limits. Almost all water samples collected from dugwells located in the study area have elevated concentrations of Na and Cl exceeding the WHO guidelines. Results of Ca, and Mg show that 92% and 96% of groundwater samples were within the prescribed limit respectively. Whereas, HCO3, SO4, and NO3 contnets of 88%, 77%, and 69% respectively are also above the guidelines. Statistical results revealed a dominating trend among the cations of Na+>Ca+2>Mg+2>K+ and anions occur in the order of abundance, as Cl->HCO3->SO4 ->NO3, respectively. The water quality index (WQI) shows that 15% groundwater samples belong to poor category, and 35% water samples were found belonging to very poor category.While, remaining 50% wells were found unsuitable for drinking purpose
Prevention and Mitigation Management of Tunnel Collapse and Failure during Construction-A Review
Authors: Rehman Zahid Ur , Hussain Sajjad , Tahir Muhammad , Mohammad Noor , Sherin Saira , Dasti Nasrullah
Published: July 2023

Empirical and numerical methods of design play a vital role in assessing rock mass behaviour quantitatively and qualitatively for the design of underground structures and support systems. The purpose of this research is to review the techniques used for the management and prevention of failures that occur in rock mass for safe, stable, efficient, and economical design of support system for underground structures especially tunnels in diverse rock mass conditions. Failure of tunnels in rocks can occur during construction as well as during service; however, the former is very common. The most challenging task in tunnel construction is the rehabilitation and remedial process of the failed tunnel section. Unfortunately, due to differences in nature, shape, and type of failure, each case needs to be treated discretely and independently. The risk of failure can be minimized by implementing prior preventive measures, while the success of rehabilitation is based on better management of rehabilitation work. However, both prevention and rehabilitation need ample investigative knowledge that can be learned from case histories. The current work is related to the prevention and mitigation methods of tunnel failure and collapses that occur during the early stages of tunnel designing.
Quality Assessment of Drinking Water in Vehari District of Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Riaz Nagina Naveed , Rehman Fazal Ur , Hussain Shabbir , Ahmad Sheikh Asrar
Published: July 2023

The current study is performed to assess the physio-chemical characteristics and drinking water quality in three Tehsils (Mailsi, Burewala and Vehari) of District Vehari, Punjab (Pakistan). The water samples of investigated regions were subjected to physicochemical characterization (pH, EC, TDS, HCO3-, CO3-2, Cl-, NO3-, PO4-3, SO4-3, Na+, K+, Ca+2, Mg+2, Fe+2, Cu+2, Zn+2 and Mn+2). It was demonstrated that certain parameters were exceeding WHO standard limits. The water of Lalazar colony, college town, Y-Block and Sharqi colony was found unfit for drinking purposes so it may cause serious health concerns in the citizens of the investigated areas.
Ethno pharmacological survey in the MifiDivision (Cameroon)
Authors: Wandji Yimta Foutse , Teukam DarillN goubeyou , Djogang Anselme Michel Yawat , Djoko Ernest , Nguimatsia François , Wouessidjewe Denis
Published: July 2023

Our study took place in the Mifi Division, western Cameroon. The aim of this study was to identify the medicinal plants used in this Division. To carry out this survey, we used three methods to collect data: the field study, the comparative study and the interview of traditional healers from a pre-established list. We interviewed 15 traditional healers who were recommended to us by traditional chiefs, some churchmen and health workers. The interviews with 15 traditional healers yielded 39 plants in Bafoussam, 62 plants in Baleng, 20 plants in Bamougoum, 12 plants in Bapi and 16 plants in Badeng. There is a similarity in magnitude in the use of herbs between infectious, childhood and general traumatic pathologies respectively 17.54% and 15.78%. This represents the highest percentage of plant use in this Division. Gynaecological and obstetrical diseases come in third place with 14.03% of plants used. Then come the pathologies of the otorhinolaryngological system with a use of 10.52% of plants. Nervous system pathologies use 7.01%. Parasitic pathologies are treated by 5.20% of the plants. Dermatological and cardiovascular pathologies use 3.50% of plants respectively. Finally, viral and gastro-enteritis diseases are treated with 5.20% of plants each. The Plants species collected will certainly contribute to the production of the original traditional pharmacopoeia. The 149 plants mentioned above would form the basis for the development of improved traditional medicines for start.
Menapaki Peradaban Islam: Melalui Buku Ajar Sejarah Yang Menginspirasi
Authors:   Universitas Yapis Papua, Jayapura, Laili Izzatul , Halimatussya’diyah Siti , Jayaputri Herlandri Eka ,   Akademi Perikanan Kamasan Biak-Papua
Published: July 2023

Buku ini membahas sejarah dan perkembangan Islam di beberapa wilayah di dunia, seperti di Andalusia (Spanyol), Asia Tenggara, dan Indonesia. Bab pertama membahas tentang masuknya Islam ke Spanyol dan perkembangan Islam di sana. Selanjutnya, bab-bab berikutnya membahas tentang sejarah dan perkembangan Islam di Asia Tenggara dan Indonesia, termasuk peran Walisongo dalam peradaban Islam Indonesia. Bab-bab tersebut mencakup berbagai topik menarik seperti kemajuan peradaban, kebangkitan negara-negara Islam, peran lembaga sosial dan politik dalam pertumbuhan Islam, serta sejarah awal masuknya Islam ke Indonesia. Buku ini juga membahas faktor-faktor pendukung dan penyebab kemunduran peradaban Islam di beberapa wilayah. Buku ini disusun untuk memudahkan pembaca memahami sejarah dan peradaban Islam secara sistematis. Semoga buku ini dapat memberikan wawasan dan pemahaman yang lebih dalam tentang sejarah dan peradaban Islam.
Calidad microbiológica de alimentos que se venden al exterior de escuelas primarias
Authors: Paredes-Aguilar María de la Cruz , Rivero-Montes Lizbeth Karina
Published: July 2023

Actualmente hay situaciones que ponen en riesgo la salud de los niños en las escuelas. La SEP y SSA realizan acciones orientadas a una mejor alimentación escolar. Sin embargo, se sigue vendiendo comida chatarra en escuelas pese a su prohibición. El estudio se enfocó a monitorear la calidad microbiológica de los productos que se expenden al exterior de las escuelas durante verano e invierno en 13 escuelas primarias de Guaymas, Sonora, México. Se muestrearon 42 productos ofrecidos por los vendedores ambulantes durante el recreo o salida del alumnado. Se realizaron los análisis de coliformes totales y fecales, E. coli, Salmonela y S. aures. Del total de las muestras analizadas, en 28 (66%) se detectaron coliformes totales y en 9 muestras (21%) se cuantificaron coliformes fecales. Durante el estudio no se detectó E. coli, Salmonela y S. aures. Los resultados reflejan mal manejo sanitario de los productos analizados.