bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Are more aggressive treatments associated with better prognosis among patients with young-onset rectal cancer?
Authors: Yang Yun , Tian Mingwei , Feng Zhewen , Gu Xiaozhe , Li Jun , Wang Hao , Bai Zhigang , Yao Hongwei , Yang Yingchi , Zhang Zhongtao
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The incidence of rectal cancer in young adults is gradually increasing. Patients with young-onset rectal cancer tend to receive more aggressive treatment than older patients. However, the results of studies on the prognosis of patients with young-onset rectal cancer are controversial. This study aimed to retrospectively investigate the prognosis and treatment of patients with young-onset rectal cancer, compared with the older group.
Methods:Patients diagnosed with rectal cancer who underwent curative surgical resection between 2015 and 2019 were enrolled. Propensity-matched sex and clinical stage were used to compare prognoses between young-onset and older groups.
Results: A total of 604 patients were enrolled. Among them, 73 were aged 50 years or less, and 531 were over 50 years of age. After matching, 73 young-onset patients and 146 older patients (>50 years) were identified. More aggressive treatments were administered in the young-onset group than those in the older group, including neoadjuvant therapy (32.9% vs. 17.8%; P=0.012) and adjuvant therapy (74.0% vs. 42.5%; P<0.001). However, there were no significant differences in overall survival and progression-free survival. In subgroup analysis, young-onset female patients showed surprisingly worse outcomes than those in older female patients (P=0.008). Moreover, females in the young-onset group had worse outcomes than males (P=0.033).
Conclusions: With more aggressive treatment, patients with young-onset rectal cancer do not seem to have a better oncologic outcome than older patients. More precise and individualized treatment may be needed for patients with young-onset rectal cancer.
Timely sown maize hybrids enhance the post-anthesis dry matter accumulation and remobilization, nutrient acquisition and crop productivity
Authors: Zhiipao R. R. , Pooniya Vijay , Biswakarma Niraj , Kumar Dinesh , Shivay Y. S. , Dass Anchal , Mukri Ganapati , Lakhena K. K. , Pandey R. K. , Bhatia Arti , Govindasamy Prabhu , Burman Anamika , Babu Subhash , Jat R. D. , Dhaka A. K. , Swarnalakshmi Karivaradharajan
Published: September 2022

Delayed sowing of maize hybrids could exacerbate the capability of maximizing the yield potential through poor crop stand, root proliferation, nutrient uptake, and dry matter accumulation coupled with the inadequate partitioning of the assimilates. This study appraised the performance of five recent maize hybrids viz., PMH-1, PJHM-1, AH-4158, AH-4271, and AH-8181 under timely and late sown conditions of the irrigated semi-arid ecologies. Timely sowing had the grain and stover yields advantage of 16-19% and 12-25%, respectively over the late sown maize hybrids. The advanced hybrids AH-4271 and AH-4158 had higher grain yields than the others. During the post-anthesis period, a greater dry matter accumulation and contribution to the grain yield to 16% and 10.2%, respectively, was observed under timely sown conditions. The nutrient acquisition and use efficiencies also improved under the timely sown. The nutrient and dry matter remobilization varied among the hybrids with AH-4271 and PMH-1 registering the greater values. The grain yield stability index (0.85) was highest with AH-4158 apart from the least yield reduction (15.2%) and stress susceptibility index (0.81), while the maximum geometric mean productivity was recorded with the AH-4271 (5.46 Mg ha–1). The hybrids AH-4271 and PJHM-1 exhibited improved root morphological traits, such as root length, biomass, root length density, root volume at the V5 stage (20 days of sowing, DAS) and 50% flowering (53 DAS). Thus, timely sowing and appropriate hybrids based on stress tolerance indices resulted in greater yields and better utilization of resources.
Utility of the Total Thrombus-formation Analysis System as a tool for evaluating thrombogenicity and monitoring antithrombotic therapy in pediatric Fontan patients
Authors: Matsuo Osamu , Ishii Masanobu , Kaikita Koichi , Morinaga Jun , Miyamura Fumiya , Matsumoto Shiro , Tsujita Kenichi , Nakamura Kimitoshi
Published: September 2022

Background: Despite the major clinical complication of thromboembolic events after the Fontan procedure, there is no consensus regarding the optimal antithrombotic therapy. Novel tools to assess thrombogenicity are desirable to establish optimal thromboprophylaxis in this patient population. The Total Thrombus-formation Analysis System (T-TAS) was developed for the quantitative analysis of thrombus formation using microchips with thrombogenic surfaces. This study evaluated the utility of T-TAS in the assessment of thrombogenicity in pediatric Fontan patients.
Methods and results: The participants included 20 consecutive Fontan patients who underwent cardiac catheterization and 30 healthy controls. Blood samples collected without and with antithrombotic therapy (aspirin or aspirin and warfarin) were used for T-TAS to compute the area under the curve (AUC) in the atheroma (AR10-AUC30) and platelet (PL18-AUC10) chips. T-TAS values showed that patients in the Fontan group without antithrombotic therapy had lower thrombogenicity than those in the control group (PL18-AUC10, median [interquartile range] 356 [313–394] vs. 408 [392–424]; AR10-AUC30, median [interquartile range] 1270 [1178–1351] vs. 1382 [1338–1421]). Aspirin and warfarin therapies significantly decreased PL18-AUC10and AR10-AUC30, respectively, compared with those of patients without antithrombotic therapy (P<0.001 for each comparison). Subgroup analysis divided by low (<9 mmHg) or high (≥ 9 mmHg) central venous pressure (CVP) showed that CVP affects the reduction in AR10-AUC30with antithrombotic therapy.
Conclusions: T-TAS may be a useful tool for monitoring thrombogenicity and antithrombotic therapy in Fontan patients.
Golgi fucosyltransferase 1 reveals its role in α-1,4-fucose modification of N-glycan in Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum
Authors: Xie Xihui , Yang Jianchao , Du Hong , Chen Jichen , Sanganyado Edmond , Gong Yangmin , Wang Wanna , Chen Weizhou , Liu Zhengyi , Liu Xiaojuan
Published: September 2022

Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Pt) is a critical microbial cell factory to produce a wide spectrum of marketable products including recombinant biopharmaceutical N-glycoproteins. N-glycosylation modification of proteins is important for their activity, stability, and half-life, especially some special modifications, such as fucose-modification by fucosyltransferase (FucT). Three PtFucTs were annotated in the genome of P. tricornutum, PtFucT1 was located on the medial/trans-Golgi apparatus and PtFucT2-3 in the plastid stroma. Algal growth, biomass and photosynthesis efficiency were significantly inhibited in a knockout mutant of PtFucT1 (PtFucT1-KO). PtFucT1 played a role in non-core fucose modification of N-glycans. The knockout of PtFucT1 might affect the activity of PtGnTI in the complex and change the complex N-glycan to mannose type N-glycan. The study provided critical information for understanding the mechanism of protein N-glycosylation modification and using microalgae as an alternative ecofriendly cell factory to produce biopharmaceuticals.
Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Meta-Halloysite-Based Geopolymer Mortars Cured at Room Temperature
Authors: Kaze Cyriaque Rodrigue , Cengiz Özgür , Jiofack Séverin Bidias Keumeka , Makone Charles Eugene , Jindal Bharat Bhushan , Lecomte-Nana Gisèle Laure
Published: September 2022

In this study, meta-halloysite (MH) mixed with an alkaline solution(8, 10, and 12 M) was used as a binder phase to produce geopolymer mortars with alkaline solution/MH ratios of 0.6, 0.7, and 0.8. The flow slump behaviour, setting time, and mechanical properties of the end products were studied at room temperature. The microstructural properties of the geopolymer mortars were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results indicated that the cohesion between the geopolymer binder and quartz sand aggregates improved with an increase in the molarity and alkaline solution/meta-halloysite ratio from 0.6 to 0.8. The corresponding slump and flow values increased from 25 to 118 mm, 14 to 115 mm, and 12 to 102 mm, whereas the setting time increased from 77 to 163 min, 54 to 140 min, and 35to 121 min,respectively, with an increase in the alkaline solution concentration. Increasing the alkaline solution/MH ratio (from 0.6 to 0.8) improved the dissolution of the solid precursor and produced a sufficient amount of geopolymer,ensuring the formation of a dense and compact structure with few accessible voids, thus justifying the reduction in water absorption and porosity. A similar trend was observed in the compressive, flexural, and tensile strengths, which increased with the alkaline activator/solid precursor and curing time (7 and 28 days). The geopolymer mortar samples prepared using 0.8 and 12 M NaOH developed high compressive strength (65 MPa), lower porosity, and lower water absorption.
Wear resistance of Fe 66 Cr 10 Nb 5 B 19 detonation coatings under dry linearly reciprocating conditions and nanoscratch test
Authors: Kuchumova Ivanna D. , Shikalov Vladislav S. , Batraev Igor S. , Borisenko Tatiana A. , Filippov Artem A. , Koga Guilherme Yuuki
Published: September 2022

The Fe66Cr10Nb5B19 alloy coatings with high hardness (~ 850 HV300), low porosity (less 3%), low content of crystalline phase (less 2.5 wt.%), elevated nanohardness (average value 13.7 GPa), and high wear resistance were obtained in a wide range of detonation spraying modes. The results under dry linearly reciprocating sliding wear tests of coatings and stainless steel carried out according to ASTM G 133-05 are presented. The volume loss of detonation coatings obtained at an explosive charge of 50–70%, measured on an optical profilometer, is significantly lower than that of stainless steel. The similar values of volume scratches of Fe66Cr10Nb5B19 coatings obtained at an explosive charge of 40–70% can be attributed to similar values of porosity and content of crystalline phase. The scratch and spalling mechanisms are the main mechanisms of material removal from the coatings.
Clinical Characteristics and Risk factors of Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Elderly after Hip Fracture: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhang Yaqian , Fu Mingming , Hou Zhiyong , Wang Zhiqian , Zhang Yingze
Published: September 2022

Background:The purpose of this retrospective study is to investigate the characteristics and determine the risk factors of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) after hip fracture in the Elderly.Methods:We collected clinical data of older patients who suffered hip fracture from January 2019 to December 2020. The data collected include demographic and clinical characteristics, underlying diseases and laboratory results. In AMI patients, we further collectedtypeof myocardial infarctions, clinical symptoms, electrocardiogram (ECG), Killip class and diagnosis method. We identified independent risk factors for AMI after hip fracture using Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate logistic regression analyses.Results:There are 40 (4.2%) cases developed AMI in all 958 old hip fracture patients. There were 685 (71.5%) female patients and 273(28.5%) male patients. Among 40 AMI patients, 38(95.0%) had Type 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI) and2 (5.0%) had Type 1 myocardial infarction (T1MI). The majority of these ECG were ST segment depression (57.5%). 16(40.0%) AMI patients initially present with chest tightness and 14(35.0%) patients presented asymptomatic. The Killip class of the AMI was mostly Killip I(60.0%). AMI patients were significantly older(age≥80，p=0.030) and had more comorbidities(p=0.001). Most of AMI patients were complicated with hypertension(60.0%), coronary heart disease(CHD) (45.0%), diabetes(42.5%) and more prone to have anemia(71.5%), hypoproteinemia( 52.5%), electrolyte disorders (45.0%), heart failure(42.5%) deep vein thrombosis (32.5%), pneumonia (32.5%). The C-reactive protein (CRP) on admission was higher(p=0.000) and albumin (Alb) (p=0.000) was lower in the AMI group. Higher age (OR 2.187, 95%CI 1.028-4.654), combined with diabetes (OR 5.701, 95%CI 2.411-13.479), hemoglobin (Hb)≤100 g/L(OR 3.969, 95%CI 1.467-10.737), CRP≥40mg/L (OR 7.013, 95%CI 2.865-17.170), and ALb≤35 g/L (OR 2.139, 95%CI 1.030-4.441) were independent risk factors for AMI after hip fracture.Conclusion:Elderly patients who have diabetes are prone to AMI after hip fracture. Higher CRP, lower Hb and Alb at admission also increase the risk of AMI. After traumatic stress, they are more likely to have a variety of complications. It is necessary to strengthen the management of AMI patients to reduce the occurrence of AMI and other complications.
Contribution to the study of water resources in the coastal region of Essaouira, using vertical electrical soundings, electrical resistivity tomography and GIS (Essaouira, Morocco)
Authors: Ouzerbane Zakaria , Essahlaoui Ali , Hmaidi Abdellah El , Ouali Abdelhadi El , Najine Abdessamad
Published: September 2022

The geophysical study using the VES and the ERT, carried out in the coastal area of Essaouira (Morocco), for the purpose of mapping the aquifers by combining the two geo-electrical methods, the results allowed us to determine the lateral and vertical distribution of the geological formations in the study region. Thereafter the exploitation of these results by the decision makers in the choice of the sites likely to be hydrogeologically fertile to answer the need for the inhabitants in resource in water. The synthesis on the evolution of the geological layers, the variations of thickness and to highlight the anomalies which could affect them, the GIS tool makes it possible to draw up maps (VES) and electrical imagery (ERT ) at a depth chosen by data interpolated by Kriging. The analysis of the results shows that the Qsob zone is of paramount hydrogeological interest, it is represented by a very important layer given the great extension of the resistant formations of Plio-Plioctecene and Cretaceous age with significant thicknesses. The area is crossed by the Qsob River which is the main source of supply for these two aquifers. With the communication of the two aquifers by the very abundant and dense electric discontinuities of general directions E-W, NE-SW and NNE-SSW.
Inhibitory effect of lncRNA SNHG16 Knockdown on G2/M Transition and Proliferation of Gallbladder Carcinoma Cells via miR-3138/CDC25B/CDK1 Axis Running title: SNHG16’s mechanisms in Gallbladder cancer
Authors: Li Yun , Zhao Lujie , Wang Tong , Pan Jiquan , Wang Jingye , Chen Shuxin , Tian Yahui , Yang Zhongfa , Zou Xiangyu , Peng Fujun , Li Shengguang
Published: September 2022

Background

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common and aggressive malignant tumor in the biliary system, and its tumorigenesis and development are associated with abnormal expression of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). Although several studies have demonstrated that SNHG16 plays an important role in various tumors, its mechanism in GBC has not been systematically investigated.

Methods

This study is described from three aspects, including tissue, cell lines, and animal model. The qRT-PCR assay was applied to calculate the mRNA levels of SNHG16, miR-3138, and CDC25B. The link between SNHG16, miR-3138, and CDC25B expression was verified with the dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation assay (RIP), rescue assay, gene expression correlation analysis, etc.

Results

SNHG16 was highly expressed, and miR-3138 was lowly expressed in GBC tissues and cells compared to normal tissues and cells. Low expression of SNHG16 prevents the G2/M transition of the cell cycle by inhibiting the dephosphorylation of CDK1, inducing cell apoptosis, and suppressing cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. LncRNA SNHG16 directly binds to miR-3138 and regulates miR-3138 expression in GBC-SD and NOZ cells. Cell proliferation and G2/M transition were inhibited by mimics of miR-3138. miR-3138 mediated CDC25B/CDK1 expression by binding directly to CDC25B mRNA. Importantly, the miR-3138 inhibitor could partially reverse the effect of SNHG16 knockdown on cell proliferation, G2/M transition, and cell apoptosis. SNHG16 knockdown reduced CDC25B expression in GBC-SD and NOZ cells.

Conclusion

As a competitive endogenous RNA, SNHG16 participates in the molecular regulatory network of the GBC cell cycle and proliferation through the mir-3138/CDC25B/CDK1 axis, enhancing the understanding of the pathogenesis of gallbladder cancer.
Hyepereosiniphilic syndrome and COVID-19 pandemic: 2 case reports
Authors: Sherafati Alborz , Rahmanian Mehrzad , Badkoubeh Roya Sattarzadeh , Khoshavi Meysam , Foroumandi Morteza , Peiman Soheil , Shahi Farhad , Sardari Akram , Pourkia Roghayeh , Larti Farnoosh
Published: September 2022

Background
Nearly half of the patients with hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) have cardiovascular involvement, a major cause of mortality. COVID-19 infection can lead to cardiac involvement, negatively impacting the clinical course and prognosis. We reported two cases of HES with cardiac involvement resulting in valve replacement, which were complicated by COVID-19.
Case presentation:
Our first case was a 27-year-old woman admitted due to dyspnea and signs of heart failure. An echocardiogram revealed severe mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation. Corticosteroid therapy resulted in the improvement of her symptoms. However, she deteriorated during her hospital course following a positive COVID-19 test. A repeated echocardiogram showed right ventricular failure with severe mitral regurgitation and torrential tricuspid regurgitation. Therefore, she underwent mitral and tricuspid valve replacement. Our second case was a 43-year-old man with HES resulted in severe tricuspid stenosis. Corticosteroid treatment improved tricuspid stenosis, but he underwent valve replacement due to severe valvular regurgitation. He was admitted following tricuspid prosthetic valve thrombosis. Initial workups revealed lung involvement in favor of COVID-19 infection, and his PCR test was positive.
Conclusion
COVID-19 pandemic can change the clinical course of HES. It may result in a heart failure exacerbation due to myocardial injury and an increased risk of thrombosis in prosthetic valves or native vessels due to hypercoagulability.
Replaced donor right hepatic artery microsurgical reconstruction with interpositioning of the superior mesenteric artery in pediatric deceased donor liver transplantation
Authors: Li Zhiwei , Zhang Wei , Shen Yan , Bai Xueli , Liang Tingbo
Published: September 2022

Purpose
To present our experience of using the pediatric donor superior mesenteric artery (SMA) as the interpositioning vessel to reconstruct the hepatic artery in pediatric deceased donor liver transplantation.
Methods
Pediatric patients who received pediatric deceased donor livers from December 2019 to June 2021 were enrolled.
Results
A total of 43 pediatric recipients received pediatric deceased donor livers during the study period. Thirty-four (79.1%) pediatric donors had normal hepatic artery anatomy, while nine (20.9%) showed variant anatomies. The SMAs of the pediatric donors were interposed in the latter eight cases. The anastomosis between the donor distal SMA and the donor celiac trunk artery (CTA) was initially performed in the back-table period, after which the other anastomosis between the donor proximal SMA and recipient CHA was performed. Only one case showed HAT occurrence (incidence rate, 2.3%). However, no arterial complications occurred in pediatric recipients with donor grafts that showed the variation of RHA replacement from the SMA and had undergone usage of the donor’s SMA as an interpositioning vessel.
Conclusion
In pediatric deceased donor liver transplantation, the use of SMA as an interpositioning medium can solve the problems related to a tiny caliber and anatomical variations of the donor hepatic artery.
Why Should Big Data-based Price Discrimination be Governed?
Authors: Lu Fang , Xing Genshang , Wang Qin
Published: September 2022

The e-commerce platform provides data service for resident merchants for precise marketing, but which also leads to frequent occurrence of big data-based price discrimination by merchants. To govern big data-based price discrimination, it is necessary to clarify the motivation. In this paper, by constructing a differential game model based on merchant reputation dynamics, the impact of big data-based price discrimination on the data service level, merchant reputation, consumer surplus and benefits of the platform and merchant are researched, the reason why it is difficult to govern big data-based price discrimination is analyzed, and relevant suggestions are put forward. The research shows that: based on revenue factors, the platform will not give up providing data service to the merchant because of merchant's big data-based price discrimination, while the merchant tend to adopt the big data-based price discrimination strategy in order to obtain additional income, which leads to generate a vicious closed loop that is difficult to eliminate big data-based price discrimination. To eliminate the vicious closed loop, third-party supervision should be introduced into the platform; compared with big data-based price discrimination, when precision marketing has a greater impact on reputation and demand, resident merchants tend to adopt a combination of precision marketing and big data-based price discrimination strategies. Therefore, the platform should provide appropriate data service levels for different industries, so as to avoid high-quality data service from becoming a tool for merchants to conduct big data-based price discrimination strategy; big data-based price discrimination will reduce the level of platform's data service, consumer surplus and platform profits, but the merchant's profits will increase significantly, so to curb the big data-based price discrimination, it is necessary to vigorously increase the punishment for the merchants.
Preliminary Design of Insulation System for Superconducting Conductor Testing Facility
Authors: Yuanyuan Ma , Xiaochuan Liu
Published: September 2022

The Superconducting Conductor Testing Facility, which developed to evaluate the reliability of engineering technology and safe operation in fusion reactor operation environment., is under engineering design by ASIPP. In case of an emergency shut-down like in succession of a quench, the voltage across the coil may rise to about 2.5 kV. Therefore, the facility has to be provided with a reliable insulation. This paper introduces the preliminary design of the insulation system. The insulation system of Superconducting Conductor Testing Facility includes turn and ground insulation. Since the magnet of the facility adopts the manufacturing process of "Wind&React ", so its turn insulation material needs to withstand a heat treatment temperature of 650℃. The insulation system is composed of S-glass fiber reinforced tape and vacuum-pressure impregnated in a DGEBF epoxy system. The mechanical properties are being subjected to investigations with respect to the design requirements and operating conditions. The test results are analyzed to verify the feasibility of insulation system design.
Identification of Cutibacterium acnes in spondylitis by metagenomics analysis
Authors: Huang Yao-Ting , Yang Meng-Yin , Mao Yan-Chiao , Lee Ding-Yu , Kuo Yu-Lun , Tseng Chien-Hao , Liu Chia-Wei , Fu Yun-Ching , Liu Po-Yu
Published: September 2022

Background:
Identifying pathogens with culture-negative pyogenic spondylitis was difficult. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing is an unbiased and culture-free approach to the diagnosis of infectious diseases. There were, however, a variety of contamination factors that confounded the precision of metagenomic sequencing.
Methods:
This study proposed a contamination-robust protocol for clinical metagenomic sequencing. Using this protocol, we were able to identify Cutibactierum modestum in tissue specimen of infectious spondylitis.
Results:
The identification of Cutibactierum modestum and annotation of its resistome were annotated. The patient recovered fully.
Conclusions:
This application of next-generation sequencing using the contamination-robust protocol to assist the diagnosis of Cutibactierum modestum infection provides a new perspective in the clinical approach against spinal osteomyelitis and illustrates the potential of this technique in rapid etiological diagnosis.
The nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A1 in human disease
Authors: Wang Hongshuang , Zhang Mengjuan , Fang Fang , Xu Chang , Liu Jiazhi , Gao Lanjun , Zhao Chenchen , Wang Zheng , Zhong Yan , Wang Xiangting
Published: September 2022

Nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1), a member of the NR4A subfamily, acts as a gene regulator in a wide range of signaling pathways and responses to human diseases. Here, we provided a brief overview of the current functions of NR4A1 in human diseases and the factors involved in its function. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms can potentially improve drug development and disease therapy.
Improvement of ADHD patients after 1 year from the time of diagnosis: differences between centers of a regional network
Authors: Cartabia Massimo , Finazzi Stefano , Bonati Maurizio
Published: September 2022

Although the pharmacological therapy of ADHD has been widely studied, little has been done to compare the different therapeutic approaches (e.g., drug therapy vs psychological treatments) and even less has been done to compare the outcome of the therapy between centers. This multicenter observational study aims to assess between-center variation in functional outcome of ADHD patients one year after the diagnosis, according to the treatment received. We used the Regional ADHD Registry data on 1429 patients enrolled in 16 ADHD centers in the 2011–2022 period. To evaluate the effectiveness of the therapy we used a generalized linear mixed model with the center as the random effect, including patient condition at diagnosis and center characteristics, weighting by the inverse of the propensity score of the treatment received by the patient. Between-center variation was expressed as the relative difference in odds-ratios between the observed and the expected number of patients whose condition improved, using the Clinical Global Impressions—Improvement Scale (CGI-I), and the relative 95% CI. Patients who received combined treatment were significantly more likely to improve compared to other treatment groups (65.5% vs 54.4% for methylphenidate alone, 53.4% for psychological treatment alone, or 40.5% for no therapy). Adjusted for patients and center characteristics, the odds ratio ranged from 0.78 (0.22–1.48 95% CI) to -0.66 (-1.12—0.24 95% CI). The mean expected probability of improvement after one year of therapy for an average patient with ADHD for each center was 47.7% in a center at the 25th percentile and 61.7% in a center at the 75th percentile of the outcome distribution after adjustments. The wide between-center variation in patient functional improvement one year after the diagnosis of ADHD could be largely explained by center-specific therapeutic approaches or attitudes. More careful and stringent adherence to the latest guidelines and evidence could reduce differences in responses between centers, as could formal and periodic audit programs within and between centers.
GANAD:A GAN-based method for network anomaly detection
Authors: Fu Jie , Wang Lina , Ke Jianpeng , Yang Kang , Yu Rongwei
Published: September 2022

Cyber-intrusion can lead to severe threats to network, i,e., system paralysis, information leaky, and economic losses. To protect network security, anomaly detection methods based on generative adversarial networks (GAN) for hindering cyber-intrusion have been proposed. However, existing GAN-based anomaly score methods built upon the generator network are designed for data synthesis, which would get unappealing performance on the anomaly detection task. Therefore, their low-efficient and unstable performance make detection task still quite challenging. To cope with these issues, we propose a novel GAN-based approach GANAD to address the above problems which is specifically designed for anomaly identification rather than data synthesis. Specifically, it first proposed for a similar auto-encoder architecture, which makes up for the time-consuming problem of the traditional generator loss computation. In order to stabilize the training, the proposed discriminator training replace JS divergence with Wasserstein distance adding gradient penalty. Then, it utilizes a new training strategy to better learn minority abnormal distribution from normal data, which contributes to the detection precision. Therefore, our approach can ensure the detection performance, and overcome the problem of unstable in the process of GAN training. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach achieves superior performance than state-of-the-art methods and reduces time consumption at the same time.
Correlation of PLVAP protein expression with microbial composition, clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with stomach adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wen Yuting , Wang Yi , Huang Yao , Liu Zhe , Hui Chan
Published: September 2022

Purpose Plasmalemma vesicle-associated protein (PLVAP) is involved in many immune‑related signals; however, its role in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) remains to be elucidated. This study investigated PLVAP expression in tumor tissues and defined the value in STAD patients.
Methods A total of 96 patient paraffin-embedded STAD specimens and 30 paraffin-embedded adjacent non-tumor specimens from the Ninth Hospital of Xi’an were consecutively recruited in analyses. All available RNA‑sequence data from the Cancer Genome Atlas database(TCGA). PLVAP protein expression was detected using immunohistochemistry. Microbial community analysis was performed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing using Illumina MiSeq. PLVAP mRNA expression was explored with the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER), GEPIA, and UALCAN databases. The effect of PLVAP mRNA on prognosis was analyzed via GEPIA, and Kaplan-Meier plotter database. GeneMANIA and STRING database were used to predict gene/protein interactions and functions. The relationships between PLVAP mRNA expression and tumor-infiltrated immune cells were analyzed via the TIMER and GEPIA databases.
Results Significantly elevated transcriptional and proteomic PLVAP expressions were found in STAD samples. Increased PLVAP protein and mRNA expression were significantly associated with advanced clinicopathological parameters and correlated with shorter disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in TCGA (p<0.001). The microbiota in the PLVAP-rich (3+) group was significantly different from that in the PLVAP-poor (1+) group(p<0.05). The results from TIMER showed that high PLVAP mRNA expression had significant positive correlations with CD4+ T cell (r =0.42, p < 0.001).
Conclusion PLVAP is a potential biomarker to predict the prognosis of patients with STAD, and increased PLVAP detection correlates with the relative abundance of bacteria.
Transcriptome Profiling Revealed the Relationship Between Immune-Related Genes and m6A Modifiers in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Kong Fan-Sheng , Zhou Yuan , Lu Yinghua , Ren Chun-Yan , Chen Min , Jia Ruofan , Chen Jian-Huan , Ma Yaping
Published: September 2022

Background
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common female endocrinal disease that may result in excessive androgen, but the mechanism of PCOS remains unclear. Most patients with PCOS suffer from low-grade inflammation, whereas the underlying connection between immune and PCOS is still uncertain.
Objective
This study aimed to determine the immune-related mechanisms behind PCOS pathogenesis and explore distinct immune-related genes and their functional signatures in PCOS.
Methods
The microarray dataset GSE155489 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The immune-related genes were downloaded from ImmPort. The immune-related differential expression genes (IRDEGs) in PCOS were screened, and functional and pathway enrichment analyses were applied. The protein-protein interactions (PPI), module analysis, and transcription factor enrichment analysis (TFEA) were used to identify hub genes. The immune profile analysis was depicted, and the expression correlation analysis between hub genes and m6A modifiers in PCOS was constructed.
Results
125 IRDEGs were identified, and immune-related pathways included the cytokine-cytokine receptor pathway, T cell receptor signaling pathway, and TNF signaling pathway. All genes were associated with four immune cells (monocyte cells, nTreg, iTreg, and Tcm). Moreover, Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class I, A (HLA-A), Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class I, B (HLA-B), Fos Proto-Oncogene (FOS), Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2 (PTGS2), and C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) were identified as hub genes. Furthermore, N6-Methyladenosine (m6A methylation) mediators could potentially play a pivotal role between the immune system and PCOS.
Conclusion
This study described the relevance between immune and PCOS. We identified five IRDEGs as hub genes for PCOS. The relationship between the m6A methylation and hub genes indicated that m6A methylation could play a potential role in regulating such hub genes in PCOS. These findings could provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms and diagnosis or treatment strategy for the disease.
Inactivation of the antidiabetic drug acarbose by human intestinal microbial-mediated degradation
Authors: Jiang Weihong
Published: September 2022

Gut microbiota plays an important role in drug modification, transformation and degradation, which are factors that need to be considered in personalized therapy. Acarbose, an inhibitor of α-glucosidase, is used as a first-line drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes; however, its clinical effects vary greatly among individuals, and the underlying mechanisms relating to the contribution of gut microbes remain to be elucidated. Herein, we reported the association between acarbose resistance and enteric bacteria by analyzing clinical samples and anaerobic enrichment culture, and isolated a major acarbose-degrading gut strain,Klebsiella grimontiiTD1. Metagenomic analysis of the intestinal microbiome found that the abundance ofK. grimontiiTD1 was higher in patients with weak acarbose response and increased with longer medication time. In addition,in vivoexperiments using a diabetic mouse model showed that this strain significantly weakened the hypoglycemic effect of acarbose. Further, we identified a key acarbose-preferred glucosidase, Apg, inK. grimontiiTD1 using a combined approach of induced transcriptome and protein profiling. This enzyme is structurally characteristic, could degrade acarbose into small molecules with loss of inhibitor function, and was widely distributed in intestinal microorganisms, especially inKlebsiella. These results indicate that the risk of acarbose resistance caused by metabolic degradation from intestinal bacteria is widespread in humans, and this "induced degradational inactivation" mechanism may be one of the main causes of non-antibiotic drug resistance.
How family precepts delivered enduring prosperity to merchants in early-modern Japan: A microeconomic perspective
Authors: Sasaki Katsuro , Ono-Yoshida Rie
Published: September 2022

Many wealthy merchants in the Edo period subscribed to the ideology emphasizing “family survival” as their management goal and made family precepts summarizing business principles toward this to pass on to their descendants. Many studies, till date, on the management of long-lived companies, including the family precepts of their ancestors, have attempted to identify their reasons for longevity and apply the learning to modern corporate governance. However, there is little research on how the ideology was generated and established. In this study, we apply the finite-term overlapping generation model to discuss how a merchant in each generation managed their inheritance to maximize their utility. In the model, we assume that wealthy merchants’ utility depends on their consumption and their progeny’s utility, and introduce a new parameter representing the degree of empathy the predecessor has toward their successor. Family precepts must have been elaborated to assure wealthy merchants' optimal mechanism of inheritance. Our result suggests that family precepts are key to determining the extent and duration of a merchant family's prosperity. In conclusion, if wealthy merchants establish family precepts that are steadily passed on to their descendants, the ideology emphasizing “family survival” and a commitment to frugality and thrift, the family will last long and prosper. Our results reinforce the conclusion of previous studies that family precepts had a significant role in the family's survival and the development of its human resources.

JEL Classification N85・D90
Lead Exposure of Four Biologically Important Common Branded and Nonbranded Spices: Relative Analysis and Health Implication
Authors: Alam M. Nur E , Hosen M. Mozammal , Maksud M. A. , Khan S.R. , Lutfa L.N. , Choudhury Tasrina Rabia , Quraishi Shamshad B.
Published: September 2022

Bioactive compounds containing the four most common and often used powdered spices for food preparation have been studied concerning lead contamination and human health risk assessment, especially in branded and nonbranded categories. A total of 72 spice samples were analysed using Varian AA240FS flame atomic absorption spectrometry. A validated and optimized method using hot plate digestion was used for this study. Freshly prepared standards were used to construct a calibration curve. The overall range of lead levels in branded and nonbranded spice samples was found to be < 0.27–2.80, < 0.27–0.48, < 0.27–13.83, 0.28–8.19 and < 0.27–5.56, < 0.27–3.84, < 0.27–37.29, 0.29–0.65 for cumin powder, red pepper chili, turmeric powder, and coriander powder, respectively. The nonbranded item has shown slightly higher value than branded items except coriander powder. Approximately 90% of the spice samples were shown to be within the maximum allowable limit by the Bangladesh Standard. The studied Pb level was inconsistent in both categories of spices but did not have any health implications in the case of carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic studies. Overall, Pb concentrations in most common spices collected from Dhaka city were found to be slightly higher in nonbranded items. This shows us that it is of vital importance that the areas where spices are collected are clean, especially by means of Pb, because these spices can cause more benefits than harm they may provide in such a contamination.
Loss to follow-up after surgery in patients with hip fractures
Authors: Rui Min , Ren Kewei , Hui Yujian , Kan Peng , Du Xingye , Shen Jianguo , Ren Yajun , Zheng Xin
Published: September 2022

Background: Non-attendance with scheduled postoperative follow-up visits remains a common problem in orthopaedic clinical researches. The goal of this study was to determine the risk factors for loss to follow-up of hip-fracture patients postoperatively.
Methods: A 1-year postoperatively retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent surgery for hip-fractures between January 2017 and December 2018. According to whether they finished the appointed follow-up schedule, the patients were divided into two groups: LTFU Group (Follow-up loss group) and FU Group (Follow-up group). Patients’ clinical outcomes were evaluated by Functional Recovery Score (FRS) questionnaires. Telephone interviews were attempted on those lost to follow-up to determine the reasons. The baseline characteristics between the two groups were compared and the statistical differences were analyzed by logistic regression.
Results: 1,041 patients met the inclusion criteria were included in this study, of which 212 (20.37%) patients were lost to follow-up at 1 year postoperatively. The mean age in LTFU Group was 76.70±12.78 and 71.31±13.87 in FU Group (P<0.001). The FRS in LTFU Group were higher than that of FU group (84.0 vs. 82.0, P=0.083), with no significant difference. The logistic regression analysis showed that old age at surgery, fracture type, distance to hospital, Hemiarthroplasty surgery and patients’ transport to hospital by urban-rural public traffic or bus were found to be risk factors for noncompliance with the follow-up visit.
Conclusions: Loss to follow-up was common in patients with hip-fracture postoperatively. Our study suggested advanced age, difficult transport, long distance, fracture type and surgical procedures were risk factors for noncompliance. Key Words Hip Fracture, Orthopaedic surgery, Replacement, Internal fixation, Loss, Follow-up
Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Personalidad Proactiva en profesores de escuelas de Lima (Perú)
Authors: Bojorquez-Paucar Josselyn María , Cáceres-Julcahuanca Laura Miluska , Barboza-Palomino Miguel
Published: September 2022

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Personalidad Proactiva en una muestra de profesores de escuelas de Lima (Perú). Participaron 302 profesores de ambos sexos (72.20 % mujeres) seleccionados a través de un muestreo no probabilístico de tipo intencional, cuyas edades estaban en el rango de 24 a 65 años (M = 43.04, DE = 10.75) y que enseñaban en los niveles educativos de educación primaria y secundaria (75.83 % en educación secundaria). Además de la Escala de Personalidad Proactiva, se aplicó la Escala Sentimiento de Autoeficacia en el Profesor para evaluar la validez convergente. Los resultados indican que la Escala de Personalidad Proactiva se ajusta a una estructura unifactorial (CFI = .949, TLI = .934, RMSEA = .076 y SRMR = .044), se evidencian correlaciones estadísticamente significativas (p < .001) y un tamaño del efecto mediano (rs > .10) con la mayoría de las dimensiones de la Escala Sentimiento de Autoeficacia, y presenta una adecuada consistencia interna (ω = .89). Se concluye que la Escala de Personalidad Proactiva cuenta con evidencias de validez basada en la estructura interna, validez convergente y una fiabilidad adecuada para medir la personalidad proactiva en profesores de escuela.
Advances in AHLs-mediated quorum sensing system in wastewater biological nitrogen removal: mechanism, function, and application
Authors: Gao Zhixiang , Chen Hu , Wang Ying , Lv Yongkang
Published: September 2022

Biological nitrogen removal process is to convert organic nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen into nitrogen via a series of reactions by microorganisms, and is widely used in wastewater treatment for its costless, high-effective, secondary pollution-free characteristics. Quorum sensing (QS) is a communication mode for microorganisms to regulate bacteria's physiological behaviors in response to environmental changes. N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs)-mediated QS system is widespread in nitrogen removal-related functional bacteria and promotes biological nitrogen removal performance by regulating bacteria behavior. Recently, there has been an increasingly investigated AHLs-mediated QS system in wastewater biological nitrogen removal process. Consequently, the AHLs-mediated QS system is considered a promising regulatory strategy in the biological nitrogen removal process. This article reviewed the QS mechanism in various nitrogen removal-related functional bacteria and analyzed its effect on biological nitrogen removal performance. Combined with the application research of the QS system for enhanced biological nitrogen removal, it further put forward some prospects and suggestions which are of practical significance in practical application.
El derecho de impugnación de acuerdos de la junta general en las sociedades de capital en España: legitimación activa ordinaria y ampliada
Authors:   Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, España, Baena Baena Pedro Jesús
Published: September 2022

La Ley 31/2014, por la que se modifica la Ley de Sociedades de Capital, ofrece un nuevo régimen jurídico, esencialmente más restrictivo, en materia de impugnación de acuerdos sociales en España. La reforma, principalmente elimina la distinción entre acuerdos nulos y anulables y refuerza la regulación de la impugnación de los acuerdos contrarios al orden público.Con relación a la legitimación ordinaria para impugnar acuerdos (no contrarios al orden público), de un lado, se amplían los sujetos reconocidos, al permitirse el ejercicio de la acción de impugnación a los terceros que acrediten un interés legítimo en todos los supuestos (cuando antes sólo se les reconocía tal derecho para los acuerdos nulos); y, de otro lado, se exige a los socios una participación mínima, concediéndose a los minoritarios ahora excluidos el derecho al resarcimiento del daño que les hubiere causado el acuerdo impugnable.
Notas para la admisión de la resolución extrajudicial por declaración unilateral y recepticia en el código civil chileno
Authors:   Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile, Oliva Leal Nicolás Mauricio
Published: September 2022

La dispersa y precaria reglamentación de la resolución por incumplimiento, sumada a la pretendida hegemonía que nuestra doctrina y jurisprudencia atribuyen al ejercicio judicial de la resolución, no armoniza con las actuales condiciones del tráfico jurídico. Los costos, falencias y discusiones asociados a dicho modelo, provocan que, lejos de dar tranquilidad al acreedor, sólo obtenga un pesar de incertidumbres mientras espera el resultado del juicio. Otras tantas desgracias sobrevienen acreedor que, creyendo reforzar su crédito estipulando una cláusula de resolución automática, descubre que sólo conculcó su derecho de opción, empeorando la tutela de su derecho de crédito. Por ello, en este trabajo se postularán algunas ideas encaminadas a admitir, en nuestro Código Civil, el modelo de resolución por declaración unilateral y recepticia (o por cuenta y riesgo del acreedor).
Análisis del discurso de odio como forma de discriminación: conceptos, criterios y estructura
Authors:   Universidad Andrés Bello, Talcahuano, Chile, Bastías Quezada Miguel
Published: September 2022

El presente trabajo tiene por objeto hacer un estudio sobre el discurso del odio o hate speech, partiendo sobre la distinción que debe hacerse entre éste y discriminación. Ver cómo la jurisprudencia internacional ha optado por concepciones más liberales o restrictivas en esta materia. Posteriormente se analizará la regulación del hate speech en nuestro país, haciendo referencia a las normas vigentes y proyectos de ley en trámite. Finalmente, se hará un análisis de la estructura del hate speech, de los criterios que deben considerarse para evaluar un discurso y cómo el hate speech propiamente tal, constituye una limitación a la libertad de expresión.
Algunos aspectos sobre el derecho de los padres a decidir la educación moral y religiosa de sus hijos en la jurisprudencia del tribunal europeo de derechos humanos
Authors:   Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile., Madariaga Méndez Leonora
Published: September 2022

En el desarrollo de los derechos fundamentales, especial lugar ocupa del derecho a la educación, dado los efectos respecto de quienes se encuentran en etapa de formación. En este contexto, los padres juegan un papel fundamental en la educación de sus hijos y, por lo mismo, el estudio del derecho que a ellos le asiste en la educación moral y religiosa de los menores resulta relevante a los efectos de comprender cabalmente el alcance de aquél. En este trabajo, la autora describe y analiza las principales sentencias que el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos ha dictado acerca de mencionado derecho de los padres, con particular énfasis en las cuestiones más controvertidas.