bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the activity of the enzyme 11β-hydroxylase in the polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Freitas de Medeiros Sebastião , Angelo Laura Camila Antunes , Souto de Medeiros Matheus Antônio , Barbosa Bruna Barcelo , Yamamoto Márcia Marly Winck
Published: January 2020

Background

Hyperandrogenemic polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may have occult corticosteroidogenic enzyme abnormalities. The current study compares the activities of 11β-hydroxylase between normoandrogenemic PCOS (NA-PCOS) and hyperandrogenemic PCOS (HA-PCOS) phenotypes.

Materials and methods

Anthropometric, and biochemical variables were compared between normal cycling women [n = 272] and those with PCOS [n = 453]; either normoandrogenemic [n = 98] or hyperandrogenemic [n = 355]. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed using 11β-hydroxylase enzyme activity as the criterion variable.

Results

11β-Hydroxylase enzyme activity tended to be slightly higher in both PCOS subgroups and did not change with ethnicity. Using univariate logistic regression, 11β-hydroxylase activity in controls was associated with dehydroepiandrosterone, insulin, homeostatic model for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). In NA-PCOS women the activity of 11β-hydroxylase was associated with estradiol (E2), androstenedione (A4), and androstenedione/dehydroepiandrosterone ratio; in the hyperandrogenemic (HA-PCOS) group, 11β-hydroxylase activity associated with sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG), 17-hydroxypregnenolone (17-OHPE), fasting glucose, and β-cell activity. After multivariate logistic regression, androstenedione/dehydroepiandrosterone ratio, and β-cell activity were the best predictors of 11β-hydroxylase activity in controls; in NA-PCOS group only androstenedione/dehydroepiandrosterone ratio was confirmed as a significant predictor of 11β-hydroxylase activity, and in HA-PCOS patients, 17-OHPE and β-cell activity demonstrated to be significant predictors.

Conclusions

11β-Hydroxylase activity was equal in different ethnicities. The prevalence of decreased 11β-hydroxylase activity was higher in the HA-PCOS phenotype. 17-OHPE, and β-cell function are significant predictors of 11β-hydroxylase activity in HA-PCOS subjects. These findings may help to identify which PCOS patient would have benefit in measuring 11-deoxycortisol (compound S) and 11β-hydroxylase enzyme activity.
Comparison and analyses of two thermal performance evaluation models for a public building
Authors: Sun Xuemei , Zhu Saihong , Zhu Hengxuan , Duan Runze , Wang Jin
Published: January 2020

Recently, investigations on building thermal inertia are mainly involved with the materials of the building envelope. Usually, other influencing factors are ignored, such as room ventilation, indoor heat storage, indoor cold source, indoor heat source and human behavior. In this paper, two models based on thermodynamics are given to evaluate building thermal performance. One is thermal mass model, and the other one is thermal reserve coefficient model. Based on thermal response testing data in a non-heating season, the thermal mass model was adopted to classify the envelope type, and the delay rules between the indoor temperature and the outdoor meteorological parameters are analyzed. In a heating season, the delay rules among the outdoor temperature, indoor temperature and supply water temperature are obtained by changing the supply water temperature. Thermal performance of the targeted building is evaluated with the thermal reserve coefficient model. For the same public building, two evaluation models tend to be consistent. These two evaluation models presented in this paper can be applied for the optimal design of buildings envelope.
Inkorporierungen: Spolien als Instrument der Mimesis in der Gegenwartsarchitektur
Authors: Meier Hans-Rudolf
Published: January 2020

The contribution investigates the reuse of building elements (spolia) in recent architecture as a means of enhancing similarity. To design or build with spolia is today a common practice of mimetic expression. Contemporary architects, unlike those of the end of the last century, no longer seek contrasts in keeping with concepts such as bricolage or deconstruction so much as they attempt to evoke connections. Spolia figures repeatedly and increasingly as a means of preserving continuity. Three variations in the use of spolia are discussed, each exhibiting a different function for the reused elements: as design tools, as guarantors of authenticity, and as additive elements. In the latter two cases, suggestions of sympathetic or contact magic are in evidence.
Bild, Ding, Material: Nimben und Goldgründe italienischer Tafelmalerei in transkultureller Perspektive
Authors: Schulz Vera-Simone
Published: January 2020

With a special focus on processes of artistic transfer between the Apennine peninsula and other regions in the Mediterranean and beyond, this paper sheds new light on haloes and gold grounds in thirteenthto fifteenth-century Italian painting. By means of case studies, it analyzes both (1) the role of haloes and gold grounds within the specific logic of the images, and (2) the impact of imported artifacts (their techniques, decoration, and materiality) on Italian panel painting as well as the complex interplays between imports and local production. Elucidating the intersections, frictions, and fields of tension between visual and material culture, this paper contributes to discussions on transmedial and transmaterial dynamics, transcultural art history, and the multireferentiality of gold.
Andrea del Sarto’s Disputation on the Trinity and the “Sighs of Holy Desire”
Authors: Cody Steven J.
Published: January 2020

Andrea del Sarto’s Disputation on the Trinity (1517) engages with powerful traditions of spiritual learning that can be traced back to St. Augustine’s theological writings. This paper asks how and in what ways Andrea’s altarpiece might belong to such a rich intellectual history. The analysis connects Augustinian notions of desire and reform to the painting’s iconography and to the artist’s composition and treatment of color. This line of inquiry not only has exciting implications for the study of Renaissance altarpieces; it also lays the groundwork for a larger study of Andrea del Sarto and of his contributions to the period’s sense of spiritual reform, broadly conceived.
Giulio Romano und Andrea Palladio Die Landshuter Residenz Herzog Ludwigs X. und ihre Rezeption in den frühen Palastkonzepten Palladios
Authors: Endemann Klaus
Published: January 2020

The palace of Duke Ludwig X in Landshut provides insight into the research concerning the development of Andrea Palladio. The palace is a link that illuminates the relationship between Palladio and Giulio Romano. For the “German wing,” the still unknown architect presented a remarkably innovative design. The duke had a second palace built behind the first after he had seen the Palazzo Te. The form of the “Italian wing,” with its refined combination of palace and villa, supports the authorship of Romano. That Palladio, for his famous project for Iseppo da Porto, took over the site in Landshut designed by Romano confirms the close relationship between the two architects. In I Quattro Libri, Palladio would later name the combination of the palace and the villa Casa degli antichi.
Le rococo est-il décoratif?
Authors: Magnusson Carl
Published: January 2020

In Rococo historiography, the first half of the eighteenth century is generally described as the golden age par excellence of decoration. The so-called major arts are often considered to have played a lesser role in its artistic development. The period is thus systematically associated with artefacts produced by artisans, hence belonging to a less dignified category in the artistic hierarchy. In order to investigate the ideological background of this assumption, the article focuses on the debates on art which emerged, mainly in France, in the 1740s. These highly biased discourses, targeting the so-called bad taste of contemporary French painting and interior decoration, shaped a vision of the first half of the eighteenth century of which many aspects were later inherited by Rococo historiography, especially in its relation to decoration.
“Quelques misérables places à remplir”Locating Shaped Painting in Eighteenth-Century France
Authors: Pullins David
Published: January 2020

This article addresses in depth for the first time the irregularly shaped canvases known as tableaux chantournés (cut-out paintings) that were produced in vast numbers by leading academicians between the 1730s and 1750s and occupy a tenuous place between fine and applied or decorative arts. Through an examination of the term’s first uses in regard to painting and eighteenth-century critics’ responses to these works, tableaux chantournés are positioned as a means of rethinking the extraction of painting from a richer visual field and the relationship of this medium-specific agenda to the historiography of the rococo.
Entre vérité historique et dévotion : Madones de saint Luc mises en scène dans deux tableaux flamands de la Première Renaissance
Authors: Martens Didier
Published: January 2020

Circa 1515 –1520, Josse van Cleve painted a St Jerome in the Wilderness (Muskegon Museum of Art) in which the saint is shown kneeling before an exemplar of the Aracoeli Madonna. Somewhat later, a follower of Barent van Orley introduced a version of the Madonna del Popolo into a representation of the Procession of Pope Gregory the Great (Brussels, Musées royaux des Beaux-Arts). This phenomenon of displaying Byzantine icons in Flemish religious pictures must be investigated in the context of a new pursuit of historical authenticity during the period, something typical of the Italian Renaissance. It also served to legitimize devotion to the Seven Sorrows of the Virgin Mary, a cult recently established in the Netherlands that relied strongly on ‘true portraits’, believed to have been painted by Saint Luke. Josse van Cleve’s Muskegon panel may have been ordered by a member of the Antwerp Confraternity of the Seven Sorrows.
Day-light. A recent discovery in the art of painting

Ein kunstkritisches Pamphlet des frühen 19. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Wien Iris
Published: January 2020

Henry James Richter’s 1817 pamphlet Day-light. A recent discovery in the art of painting; With hints on the philosophy of the fine arts, and on that of the human mind, as first dissected by Emanuel Kant has been read as a plea for naturalism in the context of early-nineteenth-century pleinair painting. The tract prompts painters to take the recently discovered phenomenon of colored shadows into account instead of basing their painterly practice on pictorial conventions. Although noticed, the peculiar form of the little treatise – consisting of thirteen pages of a fictive dialogue between artists and extensive notes devoted to fundamental epistemological questions – has not been further scrutinized. In the light of the sociopolitical conflicts of the time, however, the pamphlet takes on an allegorical dimension exceeding its art-critical objective.
Die Lesbarkeit der Bilder als erkenntniskritische Kategorie der Kulturwissenschaft um 1900: das Beispiel Walter Benjamins und Aby Warburgs
Authors: Costa Maria Teresa
Published: January 2020

In the last thirty years, the concept of legibility has become a topos in the humanities, referring to the act of reading freed from its usual connection with the written text, and concerning also images, traces, and constellations. No one so deeply understood this ‘non-literal’ reading as Walter Benjamin, whose oeuvre is crossed by the topic of the compenetration and coappartenance of image and text. In his epistemology, mental and material images are intended as things that must be read. This paper offers an interpretation of his concept of legibility through its comparison with the one given by Aby Warburg in his Mnemosyne-Atlas. Both authors wanted to analyze the relationship between image and word to study the language of emotions and gestures. Through the comparison of the two methods emerges a privileged viewpoint to understand legibility as a fundamental epistemological paradigm of Kulturwissenschaft around 1900.
Triumph der Phantasie und der Magnifizenz Überlegungen zur Rezeption Veroneses im venezianischen Settecento
Authors: Gottdang Andrea
Published: January 2020

Although the Veronese revival is the formative phenomenon of Venetian painting in the eighteenth century, the causes for this circumstance are not entirely clear. The love of splendor is considered to be a significant motif that can be easily misinterpreted as shallow. The fundamental element of the Veronese revival is magnificenza, which also recognizes splendor, luxury, and imagination as aesthetic qualities in the art and literature of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries while presenting them in a complex reciprocal relationship whose aim is meraviglia, the amazement of the viewer. Fantasia plays the central role in Algarotti’s, Muratori’s, Vico’s, Maffei’s, and Conti’s theories as well as in Sebastiano Ricci’s and Giambattista Tiepolo’s artistic practices. This quality is as important for the patron as it is for the artist whose work is supposed to stimulate the fantasia of the audience.
Change of Direction Performance in Young Tennis Players: A Comparative Study Between Sexes and Age Categories
Authors: Fernandez-Fernandez Jaime , Loturco Irineu , Pereira Lucas A. , Del Coso Juan , Areces Francisco , Gallo-Salazar Cesar , Sanz-Rivas David
Published: January 2020

Fernandez-Fernandez, J, Loturco, I, Pereira, LA, Del Coso, J, Areces, F, Gallo-Salazar, C, and Sanz-Rivas, D. Change of direction performance in young tennis players: a comparative study between sexes and age-categories. J Strength Cond Res 36(5): 1426–1430, 2022—The aim of this study was to examine the differences in linear sprint, change of direction (COD) performance, and COD deficit in a large sample of under-13 (U13) and under-15 (U15) male and female tennis players. One hundred and twenty-eight junior tennis players grouped into 2 age-groups (U13 years [32 boys and 28 girls] and U15 [36 boys and 32 girls]) participated in this study. Tests included anthropometric measurements, sprints (5-, 10- and 20-m), and a modified version of the 505 COD test. The differences in performance between age-categories and sex were assessed via an independent t-test. The differences in the physical tests between U13 and U15 players were tested using a univariate analysis, with age and anthropometric variables as covariates. Effect sizes (ESs) were calculated for pairwise comparisons. Results showed that boys presented lower 20-m sprint times than girls in the U13 (ES: 0.54; p < 0.05), and lower linear sprint (5–20-m) and COD times than girls in the U15 category (ES varying from 0.67 to 1.60; p < 0.05). Comparing age-groups, U15 girls demonstrated a higher COD deficit than the U13 (p < 0.05), whereas no differences were found in the other variables. In boys, no significant differences were observed in any variable when comparing both categories. These results could be of great interest for coaches and researchers involved in the development and training of elite tennis players, suggesting the need to include strategies able to improve sprint and COD performance throughout the players' specialization process.
Strength and Conditioning for Patients Recovering From Guillain-Barre Syndrome
Authors: Ryan Greg A. , Cook Jordan , Adams Kara
Published: January 2020

Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is an acute autoimmune disease which can result in whole-body residual weakness for years after diagnosis. Research suggests that, along with medical treatment, exercise may aid in recovery for patients by minimizing the severity of side effects associated with GBS. Practices, contraindications, considerations, and general recommendations for whole-body cardiorespiratory, resistance, and flexibility exercise programming and progression for GBS patients are discussed throughout.
Politiques urbaines et ateliers de fabrication numérique (AFN) : fabriquer en ville pour fabriquer la ville – le cas de Barcelone
Authors: Diaz Jérémy , Lefebvre Sylvain
Published: January 2020

La diffusion des ateliers de fabrication numérique (AFN) est devenue un phénomène mondialisé.Principalement localisés en milieu urbain, ces ateliers ont la volonté de mettre à la disposition des citadins desmoyens de production afin de concevoir, de réparer et de prototyper toutes sortes d’objets. Depuis quelquesannées, nous avons constaté un enthousiasme croissant des pouvoirs urbains pour ces pratiques populariséespar le mouvement maker. L’objectif de cet article est de comprendre les relations qu’entretient ce phénomèneavec les gouvernements urbains. Peu de choses ont été écrites sur la façon dont les villes mettent en oeuvredes stratégies pour encourager ces pratiques sur leur territoire. Pour combler cette lacune, nous avons analyséle cas de la ville de Barcelone, qui mène une action territoriale ambitieuse à travers la création d’un réseaupublic d’ateliers dédiés à la fabrication numérique.
La technologie de la chaîne de blocs (blockchain) : catalyseur ou inhibiteur de l’économie collaborative?
Authors: Boily Émilie , Ertz Myriam
Published: January 2020

Cette étude présente les impacts potentiels de la technologie de la chaîne de blocs sur l’économiecollaborative. L’article se divise en deux grandes parties, toutes deux issues du croisement entre l’économiecollaborative et la technologie de la chaîne de blocs. La première partie s’intéresse à la consommation collaborative, caractérisée par un accroissement des échanges de pair à pair, par une utilisation accrue des nouvelles technologies et par une redéfinition des activités commerciales, tandis que la seconde partie examine les implications organisationnelles et managériales de la chaîne de blocs pour la gouvernance, pour les coûts detransaction et pour la confiance des usagers.
СЕМАНТИКА УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ФРАЗЕМ З КОМПОНЕНТОМ «МЕД» НА ТЛІ ЕТНОКУЛЬТУРИ
Authors: Канюк Мар'яна
Published: January 2020

У статті представлено аналіз фразеологізмів з компонентом «мед» вукраїнській мові. Визначено пласт українських фразеологізмів з компонентом«мед» та проаналізовано їх семантику на тлі етнокультури. З’ясовано перспективи розвитку досліджень фразеологічних одиниць з різними компонентами всемантичному та етнокультурному вимірах.
КАРПАТИ ЯК ОЗНАКА РОМАНТИЗОВАНОЇ ІНАКШОСТІ В ТВОРЧОСТІ МИКОЛИ УСТИЯНОВИЧА (на матеріалі повісті «Страсний четвер»)
Authors: Васильчук Микола
Published: January 2020

У статті розглянуто особливості художнього відображення Карпат вповісті Миколи Устияновича (1811–1885) «Страсний четвер». Простеженофольклорно-етнографічне та історичне підґрунтя твору. Показано вплив гірськоїмісцевості на творення письменником романтично забарвленого колоритуповісті.
ПЕДАГОГІЧНІ ОБРІЇ МИХАЙЛА ДРАГОМАНОВА
Authors: Піхманець Роман
Published: January 2020

У статті йдеться про перші фази громадської активності Михайла Драгоманова, пов’язані з учителюванням у недільній школі й теоретично-педагогічнимиобґрунтуваннями на сторінках столичних часописів потреби запровадженняукраїнської мови в початковій освіті. Саме ці аспекти духовно-практичної діяльності нібито зблизили його з українофілами. Проблема осмислюється в контексті суспільно-політичної тактики вченого та його світоглядно-ідеологічнихпріоритетів. Увагу акцентовано на особливостях дієзи та її кінцевих цілях. Залучення рідного слова в педагогічну практику, як і студіювання народних елементівзагалом, мали стати в Драгоманівській системі засобом утвердження російськоїідентичності й одним із напрямків русифікації української суспільності.
Universal Model of Lost Profits Calculation
Authors: Butkevičius Rimas
Published: January 2020

Consequential (or indirect) losses in the form of lost profits are usually suffered and claimed in civil cases of breaches of supply or service contracts, unfair competition, bankruptcy cases, and other instances where a defendant’s wrongful actions cause lost profits to the plaintiff’s performance.In litigation practice, we see a quite different approach, when the lost profits are calculated as gross margin less income tax, and in others – by multiplying the lost revenues by the company’s net profit ratio.Methods of indirect loss calculation applied do not consider the cost structure of the plaintiff and the impact of the variation of variable and fixed costs to the lost profit calculation before and after the wrongful action of the defendant. In case lost revenues would have been received, fixed costs would remain the same, while variable (incremental) costs, which were avoided, would be generated to receive lost revenues.Based on the international experience and practices, this article provides for a Universal Model of lost profits calculation as well as a mathematical formula of the method.
Some Problems of Food Safety in Georgia
Authors: Kbiladze David , Metreveli Shorena , Samsiani Medea
Published: January 2020

The problem of production, export, import, and consumption of food was always topical for the long history of Georgia. At all stages of the society development, people need to take food and meet other of their elementary needs. Issues of food supply assurance of the Georgian population differ according to time periods. For example, in Shota Rustaveli’s poem The Knight in the Panther’s Skin it is described that the living standard in the 11th–13th centuries was quite high. At that period of time, Georgia was fed with its own grain. Along with wealth, Shota Rustaveli also characterizes poverty. Most of the state's income was spent on the poor people, so there was a large gap between the rich and poor population.

In the 16th and 17th centuries, the problem of poverty and wealth of the population was highlighted by prominent public figures: Sulkhan – Saba Orbeliani and Vakhushti Bagrationi. Ilia Chavchavadze describes the problem of poverty in the country by the end of the 19th century. Poor living conditions of the population were noted during the initial phase of Georgia in Soviet Union and during World War II. Better conditions existed at the last stage of socialism.Meeting the population’s demand for principal foodstuffs and providing near-rational norms of such foodstuffs has always been a major objective of the governments of all times.The prolonged transformation process of the economy of Georgia with its social characteristics was particularly painful. A sharp decline in the standard of life started from the 1990s. Before the economic collapse, a monthly rated wage in Georgia with its foodstuff purchasing power parity almost equaled that of developed countries.
Destroying synchrony in an array of the FitzHugh–Nagumo oscillators by external DC voltage source
Authors: Adomaitienė Elena , Bumelienė Skaidra , Mykolaitis Gytis , Tamaševičius Arūnas
Published: January 2020

A control method for desynchronizing an array of mean-field coupled FitzHugh–Nagumo-type oscillators is described. The technique is based on applying an adjustable DC voltage source to the coupling node. Both, numerical solution of corresponding nonlinear differential equations and hardware experiments with a nonlinear electrical circuit have been performed.
Stability analysis of partial differential variational inequalities in Banach spaces
Authors: Guo Faming , Li Wei , Xiao Yi-bin , Migórski Stanisław
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we study a class of partial differential variational inequalities. A general stability result for the partial differential variational inequality is provided in the case the perturbed parameters are involved in both the nonlinear mapping and the set of constraints. The main tools are theory of semigroups, theory of monotone operators, and variational inequality techniques.
Mathematical analysis of an economic growth model with perfect-substitution technologies
Authors: Russu Paolo
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this paper is to highlight certain features of a dynamic optimisation problem in an economic growth model with environmental negative externalities that gives rise to a two-dimensional dynamical system. In particular, it is demonstrated that the dynamics of the model, which is based on a production function with perfect substitutability (perfect substitution technologies), admits a locally attracting equilibrium with a basin of attraction that may be considerably large, as it can extend up to the boundary of the system phase plane. Moreover, this model exhibits global indeterminacy because either equilibrium of the system can be selected according to agent expectation. Formulas for the calculation of the bifurcation coefficients of the system are derived, and a result on the existence of limit cycles is obtained. A numerical example is given to illustrate the results.
Optimization of the total production time by splitting complex manual assembly processes
Authors: Kleiza Vytautas , Tilindis Justinas
Published: January 2020

In this article, the minimization of the learning content in the total processing time is studied. Research is based on manual automotive wiring harness assembly, with unstable demand, fluctuating order quantities and enormous product variety. Such instability in manual production environment results that assembly is always at the start-up or learning phase, thus, operational times are greater than standard and operational efficiency is significantly reduced. Since a lot of research is done on learning time calculation, there is still lacking studies that address learning time reduction in such production situation. The methodology proposed in this article addresses reduction of learning time by splitting and simplifying complex assemblies of automotive wiring harnesses. Experimental results from the company indicate that this approach enables to optimize learning time and increase operational efficiency.
What’s New in Diagnosing Diverticular Disease
Authors: ŠTIMAC Davor , Nardone Gerardo , Mazzari Andrea , Crucitti Antonio , Maconi Giovanni , Elisei Walter , Violi Alessandra , Tursi Antonio , Di Mario Francesco
Published: January 2020

In this session different issues for the diagnosis of diverticular disease (DD) were considered including “Biomarkers”, “Computer tomography”, “Ultrasonography in detecting acute diverticulitis”, “Endoscopy” and “The DICA classification: a new predictive tool in managing diverticular disease”. Most patients affected by DD suffer from recurrent attacks of abdominal pain without evidence of an active inflammatory process, causing a difficult differential diagnosis with other intestinal conditions. Several biomarkers, serological, fecal, urinary and genetic were considered, but recent studies confirmed that only CRP and fecal calprotectin are matching with the criteria for an ideal biomarker for DD. Colonoscopy still remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of DD, playing a key role in many clinical settings, such as colonic diverticular bleeding, or to differentiate inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and segmental colitis associated with diverticulosis (SCAD); Moreover, in 2015 has been developed the DICA (Diverticular Inflammation and Complication Assessment) endoscopic classification that considers 10 different parameters, each one with a score, and the sum of items scores represents the severity of the disease; in this way the endoscopic exam would be able to predict the outcome of DD for each patient. On the other hand, computer tomography (CT) is the gold standard for acute diverticulitis (AD) with an excellent sensitivity and specificity; recently, metanalysis of prospective studies have shown that intestinal ultrasonography (IUS) and CT have the same sensitivity for the diagnosis of an AD and the advantage is that IUS is less expensive, non-invasive and easily accessible.
Modernizándonos en casa. Productos modernos para el hogar y tecnificación del trabajo doméstico en Bogotá, 1940-1959
Authors: Ríos Durán María Astrid
Published: January 2020

En este artículo trataremos el proceso de modernización del hogar bogotano a mediados del siglo XX, que se dio con la tecnificación del trabajo doméstico femenino tras la llegada de los productos modernos para la casa —como los electrodomésticos—, que buscaban la eficiencia y el confort en la ejecución de las tareas del hogar. Hablaremos sobre un estado incipiente de este proceso de modernización debido a las limitantes propias de las promesas de estos productos y a un uso relativo y primario de estos bienes. Lo anterior es válido si se tiene en cuenta que la llegada de dichos objetos tenía lugar en una ciudad y sociedad diferenciadas socialmente, y que se debatía entre el uso de energías tradicionales para la realización del trabajo doméstico —como la del carbón—, y la fuerza humana, representada en las amas de casa y las empleadas domésticas. Para la elaboración de este escrito se hizo uso de una diversidad de fuentes primarias y secundarias, especialmente del discurso publicitario de los productos modernos para el hogar, de artículos en publicaciones seriadas y de archivos de empresas públicas.
Pobreza multidimensional y mercado laboral en México
Authors: Ocegueda Hernández Juan
Published: January 2020

Se analiza la pobreza multidimensional desde la perspectiva del mercado laboral, considerando las 32 entidades federativas de México durante el periodo 2010-2016. Se estima un micropanel con efectos aleatorios y se encuentra que la población desocupada, el empleo informal y el nivel de precios tienen un efecto directo y significativo sobre la pobreza multidimensional. Se encuentra, además, que un deterioro en la capacidad de la economía para generar empleos formales detona la pobreza y produce un crecimiento de la informalidad acompañado de salarios bajos y desprotección social. La inflación opera en contra de la pobreza y produce un deterioro de los salarios reales.
Test Preparation and Students’ Performance: The Case of the Colombian High School Exit Exam
Authors: Gómez Soler Silvia Consuelo , Bernal Nisperuza Gloria Lucia , Herrera Idárraga Paula
Published: January 2020

Standardized test scores play a central role in determining college admission decisions in both developed and emerging countries. For that reason, many courses are offered by schools and other educational institutions to prepare students for the exams. However, it is still unclear whether additional preparation has a positive and significant effect. The objective of this paper is to use the results of the Colombian high-school exit examination to gain a better understanding of the relationship between preparation and test results. Our results show that, on average, preparatory activities are associated with an increase of approximately 0.06 standard deviations in scores.
Drug Trend Study in Mexican Population: Consumption and Cognitive Dysfunction Correlates
Authors: Galindo-Aldana Gilberto Manuel , Murillo-Macías Carlos , Cedano-Gasca Antonio , Padilla-López Alfredo , García-León Ibza América
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Drug abuse screening tests (DAST) are a useful tool in decision making regarding the planning and implementation of drug-related public health policies. In addition, they constitute a rapid way to obtain data on the effects of drug consumption in specific populations.Objective: To describe the correlation between drug abuse (per type of drug) and cognitive dysfunction prevalence based on the information reported in a DAST.Materials and methods: A DAST was administered to 1299 individuals from 5 cities in Baja California, Mexico. In addition, an internal consistency reliability test was conducted to determine the internal consistency level of the instrument.Results: Several correlations between the consumption of different drugs were found. The main associations were found between methamphetamine and marijuana consumption. In addition, a positive correlation between the age at first drug use and cognitive impairment was found.Conclusions: DAST are brief administration instruments that allow obtaining data on drug abuse and drug addiction patterns. In addition, they can be used to identify the interaction between the consumption patterns of different drugs and the possible association between age at first drug use and cognitive dysfunction.
The Idea of Freedom in Radical and Delibe-rative Models of Democracy
Authors: UFEL WOJCIECH
Published: January 2020

Basing on the idea of freedom brought by I. Berlin we can derive to classical models of democracy: liberal and republican. Refl ection on postmodern theories of democracy – radi-cally plural and deliberative – points that they do not strongly differ from the traditional ones, but rather give them new challenges. Radical democracy of Ch. Mouffe and E. Laclau praising pluralism and negative freedom is a deconstruction of a liberal model, while delib-erative project of J. Habermas, praising community and negative freedom, remains in a republican tradition. In the end of the article the author also presents the understanding of the educative role of society and tradition in both classical and postmodern models of democracy.
Is Social Software a New Mode of Second-Language Learning in the Information Age?
Authors: PATEL H. B.
Published: January 2020

The basic characteristics of social media mirror much of the rhetoric and thinking aro-und educational reform in the modern world context. The basic cultural relevance of social media to young people enables them to learn how to bring their social life into the matrix of school activities. It also provides young learners with different audiences for different activities. Today, social media are probably the critical component in enabling individuals, both teachers and learners, to construct their own personal learning networks. Joining, building, growing and managing digital communities, whether relatively open or relatively closed, enables teachers and learners to connect with others with similar interests and to learn from other participants in those communities.
Are Females Better Than Males In Communication In Second Language?
Authors: RUDZINSKA IEVA
Published: January 2020

Although research in education, including worldwide Programme for International Stu-dent Assessment (PISA) by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement, shows that female language learners outdo their male counterparts in the development of verbal skills, a number of re-searchers have strongly challenged that claim. The aim of this paper is to find out whether professional foreign language competence in a higher education institution (HEI) in Latvia is different between females and males. In order to determine this, we have analyzed final grades and presentation scores (lecturer, peer and self-assessment) of students in an ESP (English for Specific Purposes, in our case: Sport English) course, as well as their levels of second language acquisition, obtained in centralized secondary school leaving exams, which serves as the basis for further development of professional foreign language competence in a sport related HEI. Whereas grades, scores and levels are considered in the present paper as depen-dent variables, gender constitutes an independent variable. A series of Mann-Whitney U tests has revealed no significant difference in male and female achievement in centralized school leaving exam in second language (English); in final grades, obtained by students in an ESP course; and in lecturer assessment of student presentations in the ESP course. However, the analysis of peer assessment of student presentations in the ESP course reveals that females tend to overestimate themselves and their peers. The latter observation, as this paper argues, may result from the fact that sport related HEI students are characterized by increased self-esteem (Rudzinska, 2007).
Polyfunctionality of the English quantitative words
Authors: SHVACHKO SVITLANA
Published: January 2020

The article in question considers the functioning of quantitative units, their language and speech aspects. Introduction focuses upon the major items of paper – definition of numerals, words of weight and measure, aims, methods of investigation, empiric mate-rial applied, evolution modifications, and perspectives of further study.
Maximilian Voloshin’s japanese print collection in the context of european orientalism
Authors: KOLTSOVA DARYA
Published: January 2020

The paper is concerned with Maksimilian Voloshin’s Japanese woodblock print collec-tion. It starts with a short historical sketch of Orientalism in Europe and Russia, illustrating various highlights and the evolution of the image of the East in the minds of Europeans, and designed so that the emergence of Voloshin’s interest in Japanese art and his activity of collecting Ukiyo-e prints can be considered in the context of European Orientalism.
Additional figures in Ady Endre’s poem: A magyar Ugaron and in its English translations: The magyar fallow by Nyerges Anton and On the Hungarian fallow by Bernard Adams
Authors: KISS TIMEA
Published: January 2020

My paper examines the figures of speech in English translations of Ady’s poem. The main organizers in Ady’s texts are repetition, parallelism, antithesis and other figures. The connection between these figures is an important component of his style. I examine whe-ther the translations are showing these figures, and if so, what their function is. The paper mostly concentrates on repetition in the translations. An analysis of one poem by Ady is presented through the translated texts.
The Development of Authentic Personality With Limitations Of The Educational System (in the examples of films: Professor Vujić’s Hat, directed by Z. Šotra, and Dead Poets Society, directed by P. Weir)
Authors: JARANOVIĆ JELENA
Published: January 2020

This paper focuses on the urge of young people to find a purpose in their lives and make them more meaningful by insisting on the uniqueness of every individual. It is ba-sed on the analysis of two films: Professor Kosta Vujić’s Hat (directed by Zdravko Šotra, 2012; based on the novel by MilovanVitezović) and Dead Poets Society (by Peter Weir, 1989). This journey is made through resisting and  ghting against rigid rules of the educational system. The metamorphosis is infiluenced by two extraordinary teachers who give their students motivation and support. We will also consider the role of a teacher in the modern society and the possibility to switch from an ordinary lecturer to an exceptional leader, who encourages these students to look at life from different perspectives by making them question common thinking patterns.
Portrayal of the American Culture through Metafiction
Authors: BABAEI ABDOLRAZAGH , TAADOLKHAH AMIN
Published: January 2020

Kurt Vonnegut’s position that artists should be treasured as alarm systems and as biological agents of change comes most pertinent in his two great novels. The selected English novels of the past century – Cat’s Cradle (1963), Slaughterhouse Five (1969), and Breakfast of Champions (1973) – connect the world of fiction to the harsh realities of the world via creative metafictional strategies, making literature an alarm coated with the comforting lies ofstorytelling. It is metafi ction that enables Vonnegut to create different understandings of historical events by writing a kind of literature that combines facts and fiction. Defi ned as a kind of narrative that “self-consciously and systematically draws attention to its status as artefact” metafiction stands against the duplicitous “suspension of disbelief” that is simply an imitation and interpretation of presumed realities. As a postmodern mode of writing it opts for an undisguised narration that undermines not only the author’s univocal control over fiction but also challenges the established understanding of the ideas. Multidimensional display of events and thoughts by Vonnegut works in direction of metafiction to give readers a self-conscious awareness of what they read. Hiroshima bombing in 1946 and the destruction of Dresden in Germany by allied forces in World War II are the subjects of the selected novels respectively. In them Vonnegut presents a creative account in the form of playful fictions. The study aims to investigate how the novelist portrayed human mentality of the American culture by telling self-referentialstories that focus on two historical events and some prevailing cultural problems.
Counteraction to propaganda activities of revolutionary organizations in the Russian Empire at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries
Authors: Kistanov Sergey V. , Furmanova Valentina P. , Emelkina Irina V.
Published: January 2020

Introduction. Propaganda direction in the activities of Russian political organizations at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries played an important role in their struggle against the authorities and was one of the causes of the collapse of the Russian socio-political system. Materials and Methods. The methodological basis of this study is the historical-genetic method, as well as the principles of historicism and micro-history. Results. The main task of the study is to analyze the main activities of the authorities in the fight against anti-government propaganda carried out by opposition political organizations in the period under review. On the example of circulars and orders of local and Central authorities the review of the main directions of activity of revolutionary political organizations and counteraction to them by the provincial authorities and police are given. The growth of the propaganda activities of the revolutionary forces is noted in the early twentieth century, which was primarily due to the emergence of domestic centers for the dissemination of propaganda materials. There is also a complication of the functional, and as a consequence, the records of the provincial authorities in opposition to anti-government propaganda. Discussion and Conclusions. This study allows us to divide the fight against anti-government propaganda into two periods: the predominance of foreign propaganda centers and the predominance of local centers of agitation and propaganda. The coordination of the activity of the provincial civil authorities, the Police Department and Postal and Telegraph officials to prevent the propaganda activities of revolutionary organizations is noted. However, it is concluded that despite the measures taken, the authorities were unable to stop the flow of printed propaganda products, as the country did not solve the objective problems that created a fertile ground for the formation of the revolutionary movement in the Russian Empire.
Factors in Innovative Development of a Region
Authors: Yulenkova Irina B.
Published: January 2020

Introduction. Innovation is one of the necessary conditions for economic growth and development of society. Depending on the level of processes of innovation, directions and pace of development of regions are determined in terms of qualitative transformations and the increase in basic economic indicators. The necessary conditions for innovative development and sustainable economic growth in a region include identification of factors affecting innovative activities. In this regard, the study of innovative development of regions is of particular importance and relevance. The purpose of this research is to substantiate the systematic approach to the classification of factors in innovative development of regions in the context of their influence on sustainable socio-economic development of territories.

Materials and Methods. The object of this research was innovative development of a region exemplified by the case of the Republic of Mordovia. Regional statistics was used as the information base for the research. The study employed the methods of factor and system analysis, expert survey, planning, forecasting and comparison.

Results. The features of the innovative development of a region have been determined. The factors affecting the innovative development of a region have been classified. According to the author, using the indicated factors makes it possible to develop a strategy for the growth of innovative activities in a region. The factors have been analyzed and it has been proved that they affect the level of regional innovation processes.

Discussion and Conclusion. Determination of the institutional conditions and the impact of internal and external factors, identifying the optimal level of correlation of maximum income and minimum costs will lead to the expansion of innovative activities of enterprises in a region, which will ensure the innovative and socio-economic development of the region. The results obtained serve as the basis for assessing the attractiveness of a region in terms of investment and provide a forecast for the impact of innovation on the regional growth. The results of this research have practical relevance and can be used in the practice of stimulating innovative activities in regions.
Toponym Klimata in the Medieval Crimea
Authors: Aibabin Aleksandr
Published: January 2020

Introduction. In Byzantine historical and hagiographic texts of the 9th–10th centuries reporting on events that took place in Crimea, the Klimata were repeatedly mentioned (τ κλίματα is a plural number of τὸ κλίμα – klimata). Κλίμα in Greek means a district in a city or part of a province.

Methods. For justifying the boundaries of the Klimata, it is necessary to analyze all references to the toponym in written sources and materials of archaeological excavations in the South-Western Crimea.

Analysis. During the entire period of its existence, the Klimata (archontitai) did not have autonomy. In the 7th century Cherson and Klimata were a Byzantine border province. Since the early 8th century until 841 Mountain Crimea belonged to the Khazars. Kagan united the Klimata (archontitai) of Cherson to the province of Gothia with its capital in Doros. Kagan retained the previous administration and appointed archon Klima Doras as the ruler of Gothia (Klimata). Kagan subordinated to him the archons of other fortresses and entrusted to him the collection of tribute. From 841 to the third quarter of the 11th c., the Klimata of Gothia were included into the theme of Cherson. Seals of the Turmarch of Gothia of the end of the 10th – the early 11th centuries prove the creation the Turma of Gothia within the theme of Cherson, which was ruled by a Byzantine officer-turmarch. In 1204, the province submitted to Trebizond.

Results. In written sources, the toponym Klimata called only the region neighboring Cherson with the fortresses of the neighbouring peoples of the city “castris gentium ibidem adjacentium” (the Goths and the Alans). In the 7th century the Klimata of Cherson were localized on the territory of the country of Dori. In the 8th – the first half (?) of the 13th centuries Gothia or the Klimata of Gothia were put there.