bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kitosan Asetat Cangkang Bekicot (Achatina Fulica) Sebagai Antibakteri Pada Kain Katun
Authors: Rismawati R. , Hasri H. , Sudding S.
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan kitosan asetat cangkang bekicot sebagai antibakteri pada kain katun berdasarkan pengaruh variasi waktu perendaman terhadap aktivitas pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus. Pembuatan kitosan dilakukan dengan tiga tahap yaitu  demineralisasi, deproteinasi dan deasetilasi, kemudian kitosan asetat dibuat dengan melarutkan kitosan dalam larutan asam asetat 2%. Pelapisan kain katun dengan melalui perendaman menggunakan natrium periodat dilanjutkan pelapisan kitosan asetat dengan variasi waktu perendaman 1 menit, 5 menit dan 10 menit. Uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode tebar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin lama waktu perendaman maka pertumbuhan bakteri semakin berkurang. Di simpulkan bahwa kitosan asetat dapat menghambat aktivitas pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus. Kata kunci: Kitosan asetat, pelapisan kain, aktivitas antibakteri. This study aims to determine the ability of snail shell chitosan as an antibacterial on cotton fabric based on the effect of variations in soaking time on growth activity of Staphylococcus aureus. Preparation of chitosan be done in three phases demineralization, deproteination and deacetylation, then chitosan acetate is prepared by dissolving chitosan in a 2% acetic acid solution. The coating of cotton fabric through soaking using sodium periodate is followed by the coating of chitosan acetate with a variation of the soaking time of 1 minute, 5 minutes and 10 minutes. Antibacterial activity test using the stocking method. The results showed that the longer the soaking time, the bacterial growth decreases. It was concluded that chitosan acetate can inhibit the growth activity of Staphylococcus aureus. Keywords: Chitosan acetate, fabric coating, antibacterial activity.
Hubungan antara Motivasi Berprestasi dengan Hasil Belajar Fisika Peserta Didik
Authors: Pertiwi P. , Shidik Muhammad Amran
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara motivasi berprestasi dengan hasil belajar fisika peserta didik di SMP Negeri 2 Barombong. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian ex-post facto dengan populasi adalah seluruh peserta didik SMP Negeri 2 Barombong dengan teknik purposive sampling sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 72 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik non-tes dengan instrument kuesioner motivasi berprestasi dan dokumentasi hasil belajar. Analisis data dengan teknik regresi sederhana dengan bantuan aplikasi SPSS. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang kuat antara motivasi berprestasi dan hasil belajar fisika peserta didik SMP Negeri 2 Barombong pada semester genap TA 2019/2020 dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0.676.Kata kunci: motivasi berprestasi, hasil belajar, peserta didik, fisika This research was conducted to determine the relationship between achievement motivation and physics learning outcomes of students at SMP Negeri 2 Barombong. This research is an ex-post-facto study with a population of all students of SMP Negeri 2 Barombong with a purposive sampling technique in order toobtain a sample of 72 people. Data collection techniques using non-test techniques with achievement motivation questionnaire instruments and documentation of learning outcomes. Data analysis used simple regression techniques with the help of the SPSS application. The results of the analysis show that there is a strong relationship between achievement motivation and learning outcomes of physics students at SMP Negeri 2 Barombong even semester of the 2019/2020 academic year with a correlation coefficient of 0.676.Keywords: achievement motivation, learning outcomes, students, physics
Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran NHT dengan Penerapan Srategi STHL terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika
Authors: Reskiah R. , Syah Ahmad
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas model pembelajaran NHT dengan menerapkan Strategi STHL terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa MTS Matakali dengan poplulasi  80 orang, terdiri dari 4 kelas. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 23 orang yaitu kelas VIII A. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran NHT dengan menerapkan Strategi Student Team Heroic Leadership berada pada kategori tinggi dengan tingkat penguasaan klasik mencapai 95,65% atau ada 22 siswa yang mendapat skor ≥ 70, serta uji proporsi dengan menggunakan taraf signifikan 5% diperoleh Ztabel= 1,65, berarti H0 diterima jika Zhitung ≤ 1,65. Karena diperoleh Zhitung = 1,36 maka H0 diterima, artinya proporsi siswa yang mencapai kriteria kentuntasan 70 adalah lebih dari 85% dari keseluruhan siswa yang mengikuti tes.. Kegiatan siswa pada setiap pertemuan menunjukkan bahwa delapan kategori yang diamati memenuhi kriteria efektif. Prestasi ini menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas siswa yang diharapkan terpenuhi. Respons siswa yang diajar dengan model pembelajaran NHT dengan menerapkan Strategi Student Team Heroic Leadership berada dalam kategori positif dengan skor rata-rata respons siswa mencapai 3,76. Dengan demikian model pembelajaran NHT dengan menerapkan Strategi Student Team Heroic Leadership dinyatakan efektif di kelas VIII MTs Matakali ,Kabupaten Polewali Mandar.Kata kunci: Model Pembelajaran NHT, Student Team Heroic Leadership               This study aims effectiveness of the NHT learning model applying  Student Team Heroic Leadership Strategy mathematics learning outcomes of MTS Matakali students with a population of 80 people, consisting of 4 classes. The sample of this study were 23 people, class VIII A. The results showed that student learning outcomes in mathematics taught by the NHT learning model applying Student Team Heroic Leadership Strategy were in the high category with a classical mastery level reaching 95.65% or there 22 students who scored ≥ 70, as well as the proportion test using a 5% significance level were obtained Ztable = 1.65, meaning H0 was accepted if Zhitung ≤ 1.65. Because Zhitung = 1.36 is obtained, H0 is accepted, meaning that proportion of students who reach the completeness criteria of 70 is more than 85% of all students taking the test. This achievement shows that the expected student activities are fulfilled. Student responses taught NHT learning model  applying the Student Team Heroic Leadership Strategy are in the positive category with an average score of student responses reaching 3.76. Thus the NHT learning model by applying the Student Team Heroic Leadership Strategy was declared effective in class VIII of MTs Matakali, Polewali Mandar. Keywords: NHT Learning Model, Student Team Heroic Leadership
Retinoblastoma e o exame oftalmológico na infância
Authors: Leite Cleber Queiroz , Silva Viviane Soares da , Gonzales Thaís Souza , Nascimento Waynni Silva do , Silva Karen Adriele Barbosa da , Netto Izaias Souza Barros , Araújo Yara Saiane Marim , Castro Isis Fernanda Morais de , Teles Ingrid Saraiva , Batista Paula Daniele , Sarabia Letícia do Nascimento , Nascimento Weylla Silva do , Costa Adriane Andrade da , Duarte Tayrine Bernardes , Silva Síssy Melo , Couto Iara Maria Rodrigues , Gonçalves Letícia Carvalho , Santos Brian França dos
Published: October 2022

O Retinoblastoma é o tumor maligno intraocular primário mais comum na infância. Representa 14% de todos os casos de câncer pediátrico em menores de 2 anos. Tem origem na retina, podendo acometer um ou ambos os olhos. Não tem predileção por raça, sexo ou entre o olho direito e o esquerdo e 90% dos casos são diagnosticados na faixa etária de 0 a 5 anos de idade. Na maioria dos casos, o diagnóstico é feito nos de 2 primeiros anos de vida. Apesar de ser considerado raro, apresenta 300 a 400 novos casos por ano no Brasil. A doença pode se apresentar em um olho (60% dos casos são unilaterais) ou nos dois olhos (40% dos casos são bilaterais). Quando diagnosticado precocemente, a taxa de cura pode chegar até 90%, a depender de um diagnóstico precoce e tratamento correto imediato. Inclusive com a preservação da visão da criança. Mas, se diagnosticado tardiamente, pode provocar perda da visão e até levar o paciente à morte.
Approaches to the typology of Russian Arctic zone municipalities annotation
Authors: Shakirova Diana , Badina Svetlana , Pankratov Alexey
Published: October 2022

The article proposes a methodological approach to the typology of municipalities in the Russian Arctic based on spatially and temporally stable parameters and characteristics. Within the framework of the methodological approach, the factors of spatial typology are natural-climatic, geographical, socio-economic, infrastructural parameters, as well as the characteristics of the territorial development. The municipalities of the Russian Arctic are differentiated by the level of economic development, the prevailing economic specialization, the level of transport accessibility, the development of the settlement system, the density of the urban network, the natural and climatic conditions for the population, and the spread of permafrost. The research logical basis of the proposed methodological approach is the ABC-analysis method, through which natural-geographical and socio-economic profiles are formed for various Arctic municipalities. The combination of various types of typologies of the territory forms an integral typology of the Russian Arctic municipalities, within which four main groups are distinguished, arranged from the maximum (best) values of the studied indicators and characteristics to the minimum (worst). Resulting typology is created primarily for decision makers — officials of different territorial levels, as well as existing and potential investors who need quick and timely information in order to make decisions when there is no possibility of long-term analysis and interpretation of many disparate data for sixty-one Russian Arctic municipalities. Another possible area of application, already for narrower specialists, including scientists, is the use of a typology of Arctic municipalities for spatial development monitoring.
Integrative approach, 4-factor questionnaire of personality self-destruction, and its psychometric features Report 2. 4-factor questionnaire of personality self-destruction and its psychometric features
Authors: Dorfman Leonid , Kurochkin Evgeniy
Published: October 2022

A self-destruction questionnaire (SDQ) is developed on the basis of the integrative approach to personality self-destruction (localization and unification). There are 4 domains and, accordingly, 4 scales of SDQ in the process of self-destruction of a healthy personality: dissatisfaction with oneself, authoritativeness, intolerance, and detachment. The SDQ consists of 42 points, 10 points per scale, 2 points belonging to the deception scale. The SDQ scales had a normal distribution in asymmetry and excess. The study included two samples. The first (main) sample consisted of 78 participants, average age 35.19 years, 32 men and 46 women, school and university teachers, social workers ("educators"). The second sample consisted of 107 participants, the average age 32.08 years, 89 men and 18 women, divisional inspectors, operational detectives, traffic police officers, juvenile departments employees. The author came to the following results. The SDQ scales had a sufficient degree of reliability. They had internal structural validity and external validity. The SDQ scales in total characterized the personality self-destruction in general.
Pedagogical algorithm for the development of professional competence of employees working with convicts - former law enforcement officers
Authors: Pashukova Anastasiya
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that highly qualified personnel are needed for the productive functioning of the penal system. Employees of the penal system should not only have specific professional knowledge, skills and abilities, but also be sociable, since the basis of their official activity is pedagogical communication aimed at correcting convicts of various categories.

To ensure successful professional activity, employees working with convicts – former law enforcement officers need to have a high level of professional competence. In order to solve this problem, a pedagogical algorithm for the development of professional competence of employees was developed, which is a set of sequential actions aimed at achieving results, namely, increasing the level of formation of professional competence of prison staff. The main research methods are modeling, conversation, testing, and the method of expert evaluation.

The importance of gradual formation of professional competence in the correctional system is emphasized. The pedagogical algorithm for the development of professional competence of employees of specialized establishments consists of four main stages (initial, diagnostic, organizational developmental, effective). The strict sequence of the algorithm implementation will help to improve the efficiency of the professional activities of employees in correctional institutions for the detention of convicts – former law enforcement officers.

In the course of the research, the algorithm proved its effectiveness, since after its implementation there is an increase in the level of formation of professional competence of employees of a specialized institution.

The obtained results showed that the effectiveness of activities for the re-socialization and correction of convicts of various categories directly depends on the professionalism of correctional staff.
Russian deviantological panorama: theory and practice (review of the international scientific and practical conference)
Authors: Zlokazov Kirill , Kaverina Larisa
Published: October 2022

Article presents a review of the international scientific and practical conference «Russian Deviantological Panorama: Theory and Practice» held under the auspices of the Russian Journal of Deviant Behavior in September 2022. The conference was aimed at sharing scientific knowledge on deviant behavior, analysis of modern methodologies of research and prevention of deviations, communication of scientists and practitioners working in this subject field.

More than 120 people from 47 Russian and foreign organizations took part in the conference including guests from Shanghai Higher Police School of the Ministry of Public Security of the People’s Republic of China, Kokshetau Abai Myrzakhmetov University, Kazakh-British Technical University, Police Academy of the Azerbaijan Republic, Minsk City Clinical Narcological Center, Belarusian State Medical University, National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry, Moscow State University, Moscow State University, Moscow State Pharmaceutical Academy, and others.

The conference sessions were held in the form of plenary and three breakout sessions on the key areas of deviant behavior research and prevention of its manifestations. As part of the conference a competition of poster presentations (posters) was held, according to its results five research teams were awarded.

The conference resulted in discussion of academic and applied problems of deviant behavior, spread of modern methodologies, techniques, experiences among researchers of deviations, development interaction between scientists and practitioners.
The learning impact of the Online Formative Assessment system (OFAs) for undergraduate medical students
Authors: Sari Sylvia M , Saadah Hindun
Published: October 2022

Formative assessment is a continuum process of evaluating students’ performance to enhance

students’ learning quality. The shift to full-online learning in pandemics reduces student-
lecturer attachments during formative assessment. Therefore, we developed the Online

Formative Assessment system (OFAs) based on a self-regulatory learning framework. This
study aimed to explore the learning impact of OFAs, such as learning preparation, feedback
perception, and self-reflection. We used the mixed method with an exploratory approach. We
collected quantitative data from 150 students who experienced OFAs, using 26 questions
adapted from AEQ (Assessment Experience Questionnaire) and analyzed by pre-post design
(paired-T test). To explore a deeper understanding, we conducted 6 FGDs (N=28). Finally, we
analyzed the quantitative and qualitative data sequentially. We found the difference in students’
preparation (p<0.5), feedback perception (p<0.5), and no difference in self-reflection (p>0.5).
In Qualitative data, we found three themes as follows: (1) OFAs improve student preparation
in learning; 2) Students are aware of being assessed during tutorials; 3) Require more specific
and individual written feedback; 4) Lack of self-reflection due to unspecific feedback. These
findings represent that learning impact is a complex pathway that online assessment systems

can drive. It needs externally driven feedback quality and internally driven factors such as self-
reflection skills. However, we found the challenges to improving students' quality feedback and

self-reflection skills. This study brings further research on student-lecturer engagement in
online formative assessment.
A Framework to Rank Prognostics Health Indicators with Application to Brake Rotors
Authors: Kazemi Hamed , Du Xinyu , Sadjadi Hossein
Published: October 2022

This study presents a framework to assess the effectiveness of various health indicators (HIs) used to monitor the state of health (SOH) of a brake rotor health monitoring system. The following criteria were used to rank various health indicators: (i) Identifiability: Correlation of the HI with the Ground Truth (GT); (ii) Compactness: Mean of the standard deviation of the estimated SOHs; (iii) Robustness to Noise Factors: An HI is considered robust when it meets all functional and customer requirements under all operating conditions and its performance is not affected by the variations in the environment, operating conditions or other factors impacting the performance in an undesired way (noise factors); (iv) Monotonicity: To quantify the monotonic trend in HIs as the fault level increases from healthy baseline to the most severe faults. Monotone HIs are preferred as they will likely generalize better to data not used in development; and (v) Estimation Error: The average relative error between the GT and the prediction obtained from the regression analysis. Results showed that this framework can be applied to several HIs derived from performing time and frequency analysis on various sensor signals used to monitor the health of brake rotors. Top HIs selected based on this framework provided the best performance in detecting degraded brake rotors as evidenced by higher classification score.
Dataset for Fault Classification in Rock Drills, a Fast Oscillating Hydraulic System
Authors: Jakobsson Erik , Frisk Erik , Krysander Mattias , Pettersson Robert
Published: October 2022

This work describes the collection and properties of the publicly available rock drill fault classification data set rockdrill11, used for the 2022 PHM Conference Data Challenge. The data is collected from a carefully instrumented hydraulic rock drill, operating in normal operation in a test cell while inducing a number of faults. Hydraulic pressure is measured at 50kHz at three different locations, resulting in detailed pressure signatures for each fault. Due to wave propagation phenomena, the system is sensitive to individual differences between different rock drills, drills rigs and configurations. Such differences named "individuals" are introduced in the data by altering certain parameters in the test setup. An important part of the data is therefore the availability of No-fault reference cycles, which are supplied for all individuals. These reference cycles give information on how individuals differ from each other, and can be used to improve classification.
Critical Components' Selection Methodology of a Microgripper for Intracorporeal Surgery
Authors: Pasaguayo Liseth , Al Masry Zeina , Lescano Sergio , Zerhouni Noureddine
Published: October 2022

Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) is widely used to study the health state of the system. However, the application of PHM for micro medical devices is a big challenge since they are made up of multiple components which are complex. Prognostics approaches for complex microsystems should be oriented towards identifying critical components and monitoring them individually. This implies the importance of identifying as much as possible the components that can lead to system failures. This work proposes a methodology to select critical components of a micro medical device for PHM implementation. The micro device is a microgripper composed of four components and four steel wires of 0.08 mm in diameter. A risk analysis is performed according to the requirements of ISO standard 14971 for medical devices. This standard provides some techniques that allow to identify some failures modes which affect the behavior and performance of the final product. This work can be seen as a necessary preliminary step before data collection and PHM implementation for such tiny devices. For that purpose, the Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) technique is used in order to select critical components. The selection of the critical components is based on a criticality analysis (CA) mainly to prioritize and minimize the effects of critical failure modes that can lead to fault propagation.In addition, some practical guides are presented for PHM development in future works.
Improving the Performance of Bearing Fault Detection on a Turbo Shaft Engine
Authors: Bechhoefer Eric , Kethan Joshua
Published: October 2022

Health and usage monitoring systems (aka “HUMS”) have typically not been associated with CFR Title 14 type 27 normal category rotorcraft (weighing less than 7000 pounds, with a seating capacity of 9 or less) due in part to the cost of such systems relative to the asset value. This paper describes performance improvements to HUMS bearing diagnostics methodologies to enhance functionality and improve the business case for HUMS. From a system perspective, this implementation allowed the detection of a real-world turboshaft bearing fault prior to a catastrophic engine failure. The system requirements used vibration data that was resampled to control for changes in shaft rate to reduce smearing of the spectrum. A spectral estimation algorithm is then performed to improve the measured energy associated with the bearing defect. Bearing energy was calculated using the envelope analysis, where a novel approach is taken to correctly select the best window. Finally, a process for thresholding and alerting was implemented, the results being that the aircraft was grounded at the appropriate time and a repair was effectuated prior to engine failure.
Integrated Vehicle Health Monitoring on a Truck
Authors: Bechhoefer Eric , Kessler Joelle
Published: October 2022

There have been few practical of integrated vehicle health monitoring systems for ground vehicles. Once of the challenges of this application is the high dynamics of the engine/transmission and the non-fixed ratio of the transmission, and the drivetrain in general. Further, because of the drivetrain differential, there is no fixed ratio from the input of the differential to the drive wheels. The paper covers the development of a vibration-based vehicle health monitoring system for a truck, and some results of a 1000-mile test run on the system.
Gentle Correctness Verification of the Theory of Uncertain Event Prognosis to Compute Failure Time Probability
Authors: Acuña-Ureta David , Orchard Marcos
Published: October 2022

Prognosis of the time of first occurrence of events, particularly failures, is a problem that has been studied and analyzed from different perspectives, being referred to as the “first-hitting time” or “first-passage time” problem, among other names. Within the Prognostics and Health Management community, as well as in other disciplines, the probabilistic benchmark for computing the Time-of-Failure consists of Monte Carlo simulations where the failure event is defined as the moment when the health of the monitored system, typically described by a health indicator, crosses a predetermined threshold that denotes a region known as hazard zone. More recently, this problem was formalized through the introduction of new probability measures based on the concept of uncertain event, which correct widely used expressions for these purposes, and extend the typical threshold criterion for declaring a failure (or other event) to a broader notion of uncertain event likelihood. Following a step-by-step approach supported by code programmed in Python language, this paper verifies the correctness of the aforementioned probability measures, illustrating with a simple example how exactly the same results are obtained using either these new probability measures or the universally accepted benchmark.
Interpretable Neural Network with Limited Weights for Constructing Simple and Explainable HI using SHM Data
Authors: Moradi Morteza , Komninos Panagiotis , Benedictus Rinze , Zarouchas Dimitrios
Published: October 2022

Recently, companies all over the world have been focusing on the improvement of autonomous health management systems in order to enhance performance and reduce downtime costs. To achieve this, the remaining useful life predictions have been given remarkable attention. These predictions depend on the proper designing process and the quality of health indicators (HI) generated from structural health monitoring sensors based on prior established multiple prognostic evaluation criteria. Constructing such HIs from noisy sensory data demands powerful models that enable the automatic selection and fusion of features taken from those relevant measurements. Deep learning models are promising to autonomously extract features in scenarios with a huge volume of data without requiring considerable domain expertise. Nonetheless, the features established by artificial neural networks are complicated to comprehend and cannot be regarded as physical system characteristics. In this regard, the goal of this paper is to extend a new model; an interpretable artificial neural network that enables the automatic selection and fusion of features to construct the most appropriate HIs with remarkably fewer parameters. This model consists of additive and multiplicative layers that provide a feature fusion that better reflects the system’s physical properties. Additionally, the weights are discretized in two ways: a) using a ternary form with values {-1, 0, 1}, and b) relaxing the aforementioned ternary form by rounding the weights at the first decimal point in the range of [-1, 1]. Both discretization techniques have the ability to softly control the number of parameters that should be ignored. This trick guarantees interpretability for the neural network by extracting simple yet powerful equations representing the constructed HIs. Finally, the model’s performance is evaluated and compared with other approaches using a practical case study. The results show that the proposed approach's designed HIs are both interpretable and of high quality according to the criteria of the HI's evaluation
A Framework for Evaluating Analytic Hyperparameters
Authors: Prakash Shashvat , Brzoska Antoni , Amin Sanket
Published: October 2022

Prognostic models, when feasible, are favored for avoiding unexpected maintenance. There is a need for a common language when discussing prognostic performance and behavior. The approach presented here considers model behavior in terms of two optimizable sub-problems for better performance assessment. The first evaluation construct considers how well the model tracks degradation over time and a second construct considers how effectively it improves operations. The right set of cost functions can determine the suitability to both objectives. The combined construct enables evaluation of a class of models which augment degradation physics with data-driven heuristics, supporting a more explainable recommendation.
Unsupervised Data-Driven Approach for Fault Diagnostic of Spacecraft Gyroscope
Authors: Henna Hicham , Toubakh Houari , KAFI Mohamed Redouane , MOUCHAWEH Moamar Sayed
Published: October 2022

In spacecraft attitude control, maintaining an accurate estimate of attitude readings is crucial. Due to aging factors of sensors like gyroscopes, emerged drift or bias from the correct rate values lead to decreased pointing accuracy. This paper proposes unsupervised data-driven approach in order to diagnose in early stage abnormal drifts in spacecraft attitude sensors.  Three types of faults are injected in the satellite attitude control simulator. The obtained results are compared with other similar data-driven methods. The comparison shows the superiority of our method in terms of missed alarm rate and incorrect detection rate. In addition, our approach does not require prior knowledge and labels about the attitude sensors faults.
Predictive System Reconfiguration for Fulfillment of Future Mission Requirements
Authors: Paes Leao Bruno , Rosca Justinian , Fecek David , Reichard Karl , Feng Xianyong
Published: October 2022

Equipment failures can cause major disruptions to system operations. Although this is the case for engineered systems in general, it is especially applicable to autonomous systems as an operation or maintenance crew may not be available to remediate the situation during operation. Autonomous vehicles, for instance, may be performing critical missions miles away from the nearest manned support personnel when a failure occurs. In this work we propose and test an approach for automated predictive reconfiguration of an autonomous vehicle with the goal of delaying the occurrence of failures that would otherwise compromise mission accomplishment. The proposed approach is based on the Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) method and assumes the availability of models describing relevant failure mechanisms and the relation between degradation and performance for each failure mode. Our solution introduces novel means for taking into account the uncertainty resulting from estimation of relevant parameters and states , with benefits in terms of reduction of computational cost compared to existing solutions. The proposed approach is successfully tested in a simulation environment.
Investigation of the Vibration Induced Harness Failure
Authors: Chen Yan , Chaudhry Zaffir , Luker William , Zajac Marek
Published: October 2022

A wiring harness in an aircraft engine, and in aircraft systems, has the vital function of conveying sensor information and carrying power to various components. Some harnesses, especially in the vicinity of a broad-spectrum high vibration and high temperature environment, can experience unexpected internal damage and cause faulty readings. This can happen despite following the best industry practices developed for such wire harnesses. A series of investigations have been conducted at the Raytheon Technologies Research Center (RTRC) Structural Dynamics Laboratory to understand the underlying reason for the vibration induced harness failures. When subject to the operational vibration spectrum, we were able to capture the first two bending modes of the suspect harness with a high-speed camera. From the mode shapes, we can extract the harness bending distribution. In addition, the temperature distribution of the harness resonating at its modal frequencies is measured with an infrared camera, and several hot spots are identified. These hot spots coincide with the locations with highest bend locations. The accelerated endurance test was then conducted, in which the harness is excited at the mode of interest. The resistance of the harness shield is monitored in real time to assess the damage severity. Towards the end of the endurance test, the resistance increases exponentially. The tear down confirmed that the failure mechanism is the wire fretting induced by the first harness bending mode. The evaluation procedure of the fretting risk is described, and the mitigation method is proposed at the end.
Variable Perturbation Based Fault Diagnosis for Industrial Process
Authors: Singhal Tanmaya , Singh Kuldeep , Zope Kalyani , Nistala Sri Harsha , Runkana Venkataramana
Published: October 2022

Real-time fault detection, classification and diagnosis in manufacturing and process industries is essential to prevent unplanned downtime and improve the reliability of industrial operations. While several well-accepted machine learning techniques exist for fault detection and classification, there is a need for a reliable and generalized fault diagnosis technique that identifies sensors responsible for industrial faults in real time. In this work, we propose a variable perturbation matrix-based method for fault diagnosis in industrial processes. We utilize the Long ShortTerm Memory for prediction due to its ability to memorize temporal information in time-series data. First, the fault is detected, then one or more independent variables are perturbed across the fault detection point to check the sensitivity of the diagnosis model for the corresponding variables. Thus, a perturbation matrix is calculated and variables with high sensitivity are selected as the variables responsible for fault. The proposed method is applied to an Industry 4.0 quality control test bed set up for electronic components, the dataset for which is provided in the Prognostics and Health Management Euorpe-21 (PHME-21) data challenge. The proposed method accurately detected and classified 6 faults in the test bed and correctly diagnosed the most significant variables. Due to high fault detection accuracy coupled with sensitivity-based fault diagnosis, the method is suitable for multivariate industrial systems.
Control Approach to Fault Disambiguation
Authors: Matei Ion , Zhenirovsky Maksym , De Kleer Johan , Goebel Kai
Published: October 2022

To ensure resilience, systems must be endowed with capabilities for rapid detection, response, and recovery to disruptiveevents. In this paper we focus on faults as disruptive events and use a diagnosis engine for their detection and isolation. In particular we use model-based diagnosis, where the diagnosis engine is provided with a model of the system, nominal values of the parameters of the model and values of some of its inputs and outputs. However, there is no guarantee that the information measured by sensors is sufficient to distinguish between multiple root-causes. We address this challenge using an optimal control approach: we design control inputs such that the similarity between outputs in ambiguous fault modes is reduced. We show that under certain assumptions on the system model, minimizing a similarity metric in terms of outputs is equivalent to increasing the diagnosis certainty. We use an optimization-based approach to input design, where the system model acts as a constraint. We show that by using a surrogate model expressed with constructs endowed with differential operators, we improve the time efficiency of the optimal control problem. We demonstrate our approach on a fuel line system, where feedback control is used to ensure the mass flow rate at the engine follows a prescribed reference. We consider leak faults that affect the fuel lines. We show that under the control inputs generated by the nominal controller, mass flow rate measurements are not enough to accurately isolate leaks. We demonstrate that by using custom inputs that minimize the similarity between the outputs in the ambiguous faults modes, the diagnosis uncertainty is eliminated.
Evaluation of Different PHM Strategies on the Performances of a Prognostic Framework for Electro-Hydraulic Actuators for Stability Control Augmentation Systems
Authors: De Martin Andrea , Jacazio Giovanni , Sorli Massimo
Published: October 2022

Stability Control Augmentation Systems (SCAS) are widely adopted to enhance the flight stability of rotary-wing aircraft operating in difficult aerodynamic conditions, such as low altitude missions, stationary flight nearby vertical walls or in presence of heavy gusts. Such systems are based upon small electro-hydraulic servosystems controlled in position through a dedicated servovalve. The SCAS operates with limited authority over the main control linkage translating the pilot input in the movement of the main flight control actuator. Being critical for the operability of the helicopter, the definition of a Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) framework for the SCAS systems would provide significant advantages, such as better risk mitigation, improved availability, and a reduction in the occurrences of unpredicted failures which still represent one of the most known downsides of helicopters due to their very severe operational environment. Since SCAS actuators are usually equipped with a low number of sensors, it is at the present time unclear whether a fully realized PHM system can be prepared without resorting to the introduction of additional sensors. This paper deals with this subject evaluating the performances of a fault diagnosis tool operating considering different sensors suite (traditional and with additional sensors), and different PHM strategies, using in-flight data or their combination with dedicated pre-flight checks to cover the most common failure modes. The analysis is then completed with an evaluation of the prognostic capabilities of the proposed strategies, highlighting benefits and limitations of the proposed solutions.
Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Activity of Fumes and Powder Extracts of Tinospora cordifolia
Authors: Chandel Ekta , Chintalwar Shraddha
Published: October 2022

Herbal medicines have a long therapeutic history and are still serving many of the health needs of a large population of the world. However, the quality control and quality assurance still remains a challenge because of the high variability of chemical components involved. T. cordifolia is commonly referred to as Amrita or Guduchi. All the parts of the plant are immensely useful due to the presence of different secondary metabolites. We aimed to investigate the qualitative and quantitative (carbohydrate and poly-phenolic compound) analysis of secondary metabolites present in extracts of Tinospora cordifolia powder and its herbal fume (generated from Yagya), followed by the study of its antimicrobial activity against E. coli and P. aeruginosa. The present study's powder and fume cocktail (hexane, ethyl-ether and methanol) extracts (10 mg/ml) showed 30 mm and 21.67 mm Zone of inhibition against E.coli respectively indicating equivalent efficiency of herbal fumes. Similarly, fumes contained all secondary metabolites qualitatively to that of powder extract. In addition, carbohydrate and poly-phenolic compound present in the fume extracts (0.277 mg/g and 0.29mg/g), were equivalent or higher than powder extracts (0.131 mg/g and 0.26mg/g) indicating Tinospora cordifolia's fume holistic utility.
Analisis Struktur Kepribadian Tokoh Utama Dalam Novel Senja, Hujan, dan Cerita Yang Telah Usai Karya Boy Chandra
Authors: Marisya Susanti , Hayati Najmi
Published: October 2022

Senja, Hujan, dan Cerita yang telah Usai karya Boy Chandra merupakan cerita non fiksi kreatif atau yang lebih dikenal dengan novel. Novel ini menarik untuk dikaji karena merupakan  novel  yang  memuat  kisah-kisah  pribadi  penulis  yang  dikembangkan  dengan unsur imajinatif serta mengunakn gaya bahasa yang menarik. Tema dalam novel ini sangat menark karena berhubungan dengan percintaan dan patah hati. Kepribadian tokoh utama dikemas dalam setiap tindakan dan prilaku tokoh. Adapun tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendeskripsikan  struktur  kepribadian  tokoh  utama  berdasarkan  analisis  teori  sigmund Freud.

            Jenis penelitian ini merupakan kualitatif deskriptif. Data penelitian berupa kalimat dan parangraf  yang  memiliki  unsur  struktur  kepribadian.  Sumber  data  adalah  novel  Senja, Hujan, dan Cerita yang Telah Usai karya Boy Chandra tahun 2015. Instrumen yang digunakan tabel pencatatan data. Hasil temuan menunjukkan bahwa tokoh utmam memilki struktur kepribadian id, ego,dan super ego. Id tokoh utma tergambar dari rasa menyukai terhadap pasangan. Ego tokoh utama tergambar dari kekecewaan tokoh utama,dan super ego tokoh utma tergambar dengan tindakan tokoh utama membawa segala bentuk permasalahan dengan hati nurani yang mempertimbangkan aturan sosial di masyarakat.
Analisis Kegiatan Fullday School dalam Membentuk Karakter Religius pada Siswa Kelas IV SDIT Ar-Ridho
Authors: Damayanti Yunita , Muttaqjin Muhammad Imam , Fadilah Ahmad Arif
Published: October 2022

This study aims to describe the effect of Fullday School activities in the formation of religious character in fourth grade students of SDIT AR-RIDHO Binong, Tangerang Regency. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive research conducted by analyzing and explaining the activities of the Fullday School subject to the research, namely the fourth grade students of SDIT AR-RIDHO. Data collection techniques used in this study include observation, interviews, and documentation which are then collected using descriptive methods that describe the data to obtain a real form from the respondents, making it easier for researchers or other people who are interested in the results of the research conducted. The results of the study show that the Fullday School system can be a very supportive system in the process of forming religious character in fourth grade students of SDIT AR-RIDHO BINONG, Tangerang Regency. Based on the research, that the analysis of Class IV Fullday School activities at SDIT AR-RIDHO BINONG has been carried out well with the support of adequate facilities, infrastructure, superior human resources, interactive intra-curricular, co-curricular and extra-curricular learning.
Implementasi Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Membentuk Karakter Peserta Didik di Era Digital Revolusi Industri 4.0 di Kelas XII IPA 2 SMA N 1 Bayang Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan
Authors: Alfahrisi Muhammad , Sulaiman Sulaiman
Published: October 2022

Education is a very important aspect in creating quality human resources through quality learning. Therefore we need a way to realize quality education through effective and efficient learning in accordance with the times. The digital era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 is now growing rapidly, because these technological developments cannot release humans to use technology in every activity of daily life. In this era, the world of education must be able to produce students who can keep up with technological developments that do not conflict with religious values. Guidance and coaching to students needs to be done in order to produce students who have the desired character. One solution to deal with these problems is to implement Islamic Religious Education learning that is oriented to shape the character of students in the digital era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 in class XII IPA 2 SMA N 1 Bayang Pesisir Selatan Regency. The purpose of this study is to describe how the planning, implementation and evaluation of the implementation of Islamic Religious Education learning in the digital era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 in class XII IPA 2 SMA N 1 Bayang Pesisir Selatan Regency. The findings in this study on the planning aspect, the school designed programs to shape the character of students. Furthermore, in the aspect of implementing learning in character building, it is carried out by utilizing digital media and applications. While the learning evaluation aspect uses three indicators, namely, effectiveness, adequacy and responsiveness. The results showed that the program implemented at the school consisted of intracurricular activities (Asma'ul Husna, profile of Pancasila learning (Propela), 3S refraction (Smile, Greetings, and Greetings), Dzuhur prayer in congregation, reading Asmaul Husna, habituation of disciplined life, habituation clean living, habituation of responsible attitude, Infaq every Friday) and extracurricular activities (Scouts, Islamic Intellectual Cadres, Paskibra, Arts, English Club, Volley Ball) that utilize digital media and applications in the learning process so as to be able to provide character changes to students. Students include the values of honesty, responsibility, discipline, independence and social care.
Penerapan Strategi Mnemonic Akronim dalam Pembelajaran Akidah Akhlak pada Kelas XII IPK di MAN 2 Pesisir Selatan
Authors: Satria Rengga , Rahmi Hidayatul
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine how the planning, implementation and evaluation of the aplication of the acroniym mnemonic strategy in MAN 2 Pesisir Selatan. This research is a field research with a qualitative approach, the data sources are taken from several informants using purposive sampling. The outhor uses is data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results of this study indicate: First, planning including, preparation before learning the teacher prepares lesson plans, concept maps, prepares materials and teaching materials. Preparations before studying such as conditioning the study room free from garbage and saying greetings. Seconds, the implementation consists of introduction such as reading prayers before studying, taking student attendance. Core activities such as introducing value banks, reviewing material, giving motivation to students and closing, the teacher presents sub materals at the next meeting. Third, the evaluation of this activity is that the teacher calls studts to come to the front of the class and repeat the material that has been taught by the teacher in an oral test.
Deskripsi Program Sekolah Dasar Islam Terpadu di Kota Pontianak dalam Menumbuhkan Nilai Karakter Religius
Authors: Ningrum Aisah , Suparjan Suparjan , Pranata Rio
Published: October 2022

This study aims to describe the program carried out by SDIT in the city of Pontianak in fostering religious character values. The method that has been used in this research is descriptive qualitative with interview and documentation techniques. This research focuses on the program carried out by the school in growing religious character values from the planning stage to its implementation. Based on the results of the research, there were 10 programs carried out by SDIT in the city of Pontianak in fostering religious character values such as praying, reading the Al-Qur’an before studying, integrating religious values in subjects, infaq/alms, congregational dzuhur prayers, muraja`ah, quick Islamic boarding schools, Mabit , Parenting Seminar class outing, and tahfidz Qur’an. Program planning is compiled through the school's vision and mission, lesson plans, and is also planned by setting it up in the academic calendar. Meanwhile, the implementation of the program has been carried out based on the program principles, namely comprehensively, comparatively, continuously, and functionally. So it can be concluded that in fixing and shaping the character of students towards a better direction, it can be done through education. One of them is by implementing programs that have been designed by schools with the aim of growing the character of students, especially their religious character, because religious character is the main character that acts as a supporter in character education