bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yasın Protestoya Dönüşümünü İncelemek: Cumartesi Anneleri Hareketi Örneği
Authors: SEZER ŞANLI Ayşem
Published: May 2019

Yas, kaybın yakınlarını kayıptan sağlıklı bir
şekilde ayıran bireysel ve toplumsal bir süreç olarak ortaya çıkar. Olağan
koşullarda yas, kişinin sevdikleriyle vedalaşmasının makul bir yoludur. Ancak,
kaybın travmatik bir olay sonucunda gerçekleşmesi yasın olağan şekilde
tutulamamasına neden olur. Kaybın travmasının yarattığı acı ve bu acının
tetiklediği öfke ise, bir toplumsal mücadelenin doğmasına yol açabilir.
Cumartesi Anneleri Hareketi örneği, olağan olmayan yollarla tutulan bir yası
örneklemektedir. Bu bağlamda, gayrı meşrulaştırılan ve hukuki korumanın dışına
çıkarılan hayatlar olarak kayıplar, kayıp ailelerinde tutulamayan yasın bir
toplumsal mücadelenin itici gücü haline gelmesine neden olmuştur. Yas boyunca
kurulan hayatlar olarak kayıp yakınları, 1990’lı yıllarda başlayıp günümüze
kadar süren bir sivil itaatsizlik hareketi ile yaslarını
toplumsallaştırmışlardır. Bunu yaparken, yaşadıkları bireysel acıların aslında
bütün bir toplumun meselesi olduğunu ortaya koymaktadırlar. Cumartesi Anneleri
Hareketi, bir yastan yola çıkarak kayıp yakınları hareketi olarak başlayıp
süreç içerisinde bir insan hakları hareketine evrilen; Türkiye’nin en uzun
erimli sivil itaatsizlik hareketidir. 27 Mayıs 1995’te başlayıp günümüze kadar
süren oturma eylemleri, kayıp yakınlarının insan hakları aktivistlerine
dönüştüğü bir toplumsal mücadeleyi nitelemektedir. Bu süre boyunca, kayıplara
yitirdikleri itibar yeniden kazandırılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu süreç, kayıp yakınlarının
ve bütün bir toplumun da dönüşüm geçirmesine yol açmıştır. Çalışma buradan yola
çıkarak, bu toplumsal mücadelenin temel dinamiklerini, sürecin bireysel ve
toplumsal çıktılarını ve bir yasın protesto hareketine dönüşümünün temel
aşamalarını tartışmaktadır.
Bilgi Ekonomisinin Gelişimi ve Dünya Ekonomileri Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: TEZER Hüseyin
Published: May 2019

Bilgi ekonomisi iktisatta son zamanlarda önemi
artan ve yeni yeni tartışılan kavramlar arasında yer almaktadır. Özellikle son
zamanlarda yenilik (innovasyon) ekonomisi olarak da ifade edilen bilgi
ekonomisine dayalı araştırmalar dünya ekonomisinde önemli bir yer tutmaya
başlamıştır. Geçtiğimiz yüzyılın ortalarına kadar dünya ekonomisine yön veren
gelişmiş ülkeler bilgiye ve bilginin yarattığı teknolojiye hükmedebilmek için birbirleriyle
yarış halindeydiler. Fakat önceki yüzyıllarda bilgiye ulaşmak, ona sahip olmak
ve ulaşılabilen bilgiden yeni bilgiler üretmek oldukça zordu. Teknolojik
imkansızlıklar, henüz iletişim ve ulaşım araçlarının yeterince gelişmemiş olması,
bilgiye ulaşmak için, zaman, mekân ve maliyetlerin yüksek olduğu bir çalışma
mecburiyeti gerektirmekteydi. Fakat 20. Yüzyılın ikinci yarısında başlayan
teknolojideki hızlı gelişmeler,
bilim dünyasını geliştirdi ve bilgiye ulaşımı kolay hale getirdi. Özellikle
ulaşımdaki yenilikler, (hızlı ulaşım araçları) iletişimdeki gelişmeler (bilişim
teknolojileri, internet vb.), küreselleşen dünyayı adeta küçülterek her türlü
bilgiye ulaşımı kolay hale getirdi. Tüm bu gelişmelere rağmen, yani, bilgiye ve
bilginin ürünü olan yeniliklere ulaşabilmek bu kadar kolay olmasına rağmen,
neden hala dünyada bazı toplumlar refah ve medeniyet seviyesi bakımından
üstünken, bazı toplumlarda ise hala geri kalmışlık, fakirlik devam etmektedir?
Bu çalışma; bilgi ve bilginin gücünün toplumlar arasında nasıl farklılıklar
yarattığı üzerinde bir araştırma olacaktır. Bu
çalışma dünya ekonomilerinde bilgiye sahip olma, bilgiden yeni bilgiler
üretebilme veya bilgiyi kullanabilme kabiliyeti değerlendirilerek dünya
ekonomileri arasındaki farklılıklar değerlendirilecektir.
Extreme Altitude Mountain Climbing Decreases Sensation Seeking Score and Increases the Anxiety Level
Authors: ARAS Dicle , AKÇA Fırat , GÜLER Özkan , BİROL Abdulkadir , ERTETİK Göktuğ , ÇETİNKAYA Güney , AKALAN Cengiz
Published: May 2019

Background: The aim of the current paper was to compare the anxiety and sensation
seeking levels of the mountaineers in the urban environment and at the
extremely high altitude.Material and methods: A total of seven male mountaineers participated in the study voluntarily.
The participants filled out the Zuckerman’s Sensation Seeking Scale-Form V
(SSS-V, 1994) and Spielberger’s State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI, 1983)
for the first time in the urban conditions and for the second time in the last
camp at 6400m of the two summits of 7105m and 7134m. The scores of four
different sub-scales of the SSS-V, which are boredom susceptibility (BS),
disinhibition (D), experience seeking (ES), and thrill and adventure seeking
(TAS), were also evaluated.Results: Results showed a significant difference between trait and state anxiety
scores (p= 0.004). Although there were 12.8% of change on general SSS, 22.61%
on BS, 13.70% on ES, and 18.43% on TAS scores, these changes were not
statistically significant.

Conclusions: Extreme altitude climbing leads to an increase in the anxiety levels
of the mountaineers. Furthermore, the SSS-V scores, except the D score, of the
mountaineers decreased in the extreme altitudes, but these changes were not
statistically significant.
Cemil Süleyman’ın Siyah Gözler Romanından Hareketle Bir Kadının Paranoid Bozuklukları
Authors: MEMİŞ BAYTİMUR Nazlı
Published: May 2019

Fiktif bir âlemin üzerine şekillenen romanın hayatla ve gerçekle olan
sıkı bir bağı vardır. Ruhsal bozukluklar da hayata ve gerçeğe dair olup edebi
eserlerin içeriğinde bulunan bir durumdur. Yazarlar, bu gibi bozuklukları bazen
anlatmak bazen de kurguya derinlik kazandırabilmek için kullanmışlardır.
Tanzimat Dönemi’nde Ahmed Midhat Efendi, Nabizâde Nâzım, Samipaşazâde Sezai
gibi yazarların romanlarında kısmen ele alınan ruhsal bozukluklar, Servet-i
Fünûn Dönemi’ne gelindiğinde Halid Ziya ve Mehmed Rauf gibi yazarların
romanlarında kapsamlı ve çarpıcı bir şekilde kurguda yer almaya başlar. Ancak
Türk Edebiyatı’nda ruhsal bozuklukların bir çeşidi olan paranoid bozuklukların
bir roman kahramanı ekseninde ele alınıp işlenmesi ilk kez 1911 yılında
yayımlanan Cemil Süleyman’ın Siyah Gözler
eseri ile gerçekleşir. Romanın ismi belli olmayan kadın kahramanı, paranoid
bozukluğun persekütuar ve kıskançlık tiplerini bütünleştirerek yansıtır.
Güvensiz ve kuşkucu tavırları ile ön plana çıkan kadın, âşık olduğu genç adamın
her davranışını gerçekten uzaklaşarak yorumlar. Bu durum onun hem toplumla hem
de sevdiğiyle olan ilişkisinin gitgide bozulmasına sebep olur. Romanın sonunda
kadın, dış dünyadaki uyaranların onu yanlış yönlendirmeleri ve kendi inandığı
düşüncelere dayanarak hareket etmesiyle delikanlıyı boğarak öldürür. Bu durum,
kadının paranoid bozuklarının sonucunda yaşadığı gerçeklik deneyimindeki ciddi
orandaki yitimin bir tezahürüdür.
UCUBE BEDENDEN PARALİMPİK BEDENE
Authors: YILMAZ Cevdet
Published: May 2019

Bu araştırma, engelli sporcuların deneyimlerini Bourdieu'nün
habitus, sermaye ve alan kavramları bağlamında incelemek ve Paralimpik Alan’a
ilişkin bir analiz sunmak üzere gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada, Paralimpik
Alan ile deneyimi olan 16 engelli sporcu ile derinlemesine görüşmeler
yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler habitusun
engelli bir sporcu için zorlukların üstesinden gelmesine yardımcı olmaktan çok
eşitsizliklerin yaratıcısı olduğunu göstermiştir. Engelli sporcuların engelleri nedeni ile spor
dünyasında ayrımcılığa uğradıklarını düşündükleri görülmüştür. Engelli
sporcuların spor sayesinde beden kullanımlarının farklılaştığı ve alanda
görünürlük kazanmaları araştırmadan çıkan başka bir sonuçtur. Engelli
sporcuların kısıtlı sosyal sermayeleri nedeni ile beden sermayelerini ekonomik
sermayeye dönüştüremedikleri ve alan içerisinde hareket edemedikleri
araştırmadan çıkan diğer önemli bir sonuçtur.
Engelli kadın sporcuların hem kadın hem de engelli olmaları
nedeni ile çifte dezavantaj yaşadıklarını ve özellikle spor alanında
ayrımcılığa uğradıklarını düşündükleri görülmektedir.
Sâmiha Ayverdi'nin Romanlarında Şiirlerin Yeri
Authors: YURTSEVEN Pınar
Published: May 2019

Türk
edebiyatının en dikkate değer şahsiyetlerinden biridir Sâmiha Ayverdi. Türk
edebiyatına hikâyeden romana, mensur şiirden hatırata, monografiden bilimsel
araştırmalara kadar pek çok türde kırktan fazla eser kazandırmıştır. Seksen
sekiz yıllık hayatında bu değerli müellif, her eserinde tasavvufun ekseninde
bir kültürü anlatma gayretinde olmuştur. Bu amaç doğrultusunda kimi zaman
nesirden kimi zaman şiirden yararlanmıştır kimi zaman da her iki türü
harmanlayarak davasına hizmet etmiştir. Bu bağlamda Sâmiha Ayverdi’de dikkat
çeken husus, romanlarının içerisinde şiire veya beyit/mısralara yer vermesidir.
Kurgu içerisinde şiir, beyit veya mısralara yer vermesi, eserlerine hem estetik
bir görüntü kazandırmış hem de karakterlerin iç dünyalarını yansıtmıştır. Bu
yazıda Sâmiha Ayverdi’nin romanlarında şiir, beyit veya mısraların kurgu
içerisinde kendisine nasıl yer bulduğu, kahramanlarına katkısının ne şekilde
olduğu ele alınacaktır.
Mechanistic investigations on multiproduct β-himachalene synthase from Cryptosporangium arvum
Authors: Rinkel Jan , Dickschat Jeroen S
Published: May 2019

A bacterial terpene synthase from Cryptosporangium arvum was characterised as a multiproduct β-himachalene synthase. In vitro studies showed not only a high promiscuity with respect to its numerous sesquiterpene products, including the structurally demanding terpenes longicyclene, longifolene and α-longipinene, but also to its substrates, as additional activity was observed with geranyl- and geranylgeranyl diphosphate. In-depth mechanistic investigations using isotopically labelled precursors regarding the stereochemical course of both 1,11-cyclisation and 1,3-hydride shift furnished a detailed catalytic model suggesting the molecular basis of the observed low product selectivity. The enzyme’s synthetic potential was also exploited in the preparation of sesquiterpene isotopomers, which provided insights into their EIMS fragmentation mechanisms.
NUMBER OF CONFLICTS AT THE ROUTE INTERSECTION – MINIMUM DISTANCE MODEL
Authors: Novak Andrej , Havel Karel , Adamko Peter
Published: May 2019

A conflict is an infringement of minimum separation between at least two aircraft. The model is based on these assumptions: aircraft fly on level straight line routes, only an infringement of the lateral separation is considered, deviations are excluded, aircraft at the same flight level fly the same average speed, and aircraft fly towards an intersection and may change direction after intersection. Hence, conflicts mainly occur owing to a loss of minimum separation between aircraft flying at the same flight level. Calculation of average number of potential conflicts is designated for long time interval; hence, aircraft velocity deviations are negligible. The mathematical model in this paper is intended to compare different alternatives of intersection configuration of air traffic services routes. The comparison is based on the results: an average number of potential conflicts per hour on intersection of routes, index of conflicts intensity, and intersection capacity.
STRESSING STATE ANALYSIS OF LARGE CURVATURE CONTINUOUS PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BOX-GIRDER BRIDGE MODEL
Authors: Shi Jun , Shen Jiyang , Zhou Guangchun , Qin Fengjiang , Li Pengcheng
Published: May 2019

This paper experimentally analyzes the working behavior characteristics of a large-curvature continuous prestressed concrete box-girder (CPCBG) bridge model based on structural stressing state theory. First, the measured strain data is modeled as generalized strain energy density (GSED) to characterize the stressing state of the bridge model. Then, the Mann-Kendall (M-K) criterion is adopted to detect the stressing state leaps of the bridge model according to the natural law from quantitative change to qualitative change of a system, which derives the new definition of structural failure load. Correspondingly, the stressing state modes for the bridge model’s sections and internal forces are proposed to verify their changing characteristics and the coordinate working behavior around the characteristic loads. The analytical results reveal the working behavior characteristics of the bridge mode unseen in traditional structural analysis, which provides a new angle of view to conduct structural analysis and a reference to the improvement of design codes.
PREDICTING CRACK SPACING OF REINFORCED CONCRETE TENSION MEMBERS USING STRAIN COMPLIANCE APPROACH WITH DEBONDING
Authors: Kaklauskas Gintaris , Ramanauskas Regimantas , Ng Pui-Lam
Published: May 2019

A novel technique based on strain compliance for investigating the crack spacing of reinforced concrete (RC) tension members has been developed. The new method is based on the mean strain and the partial interaction (stress-transfer) approaches. The strain compliance principle is established by equating together the mean strains of a reinforced concrete block between adjacent primary cracks estimated by the mean strain and the stress-transfer approaches. The distribution of reinforcement strains within the RC block must be known to apply the stress-transfer approach. This technique is intended for the stabilized cracking stage, where formation of new primary cracks has ceased. This work accounts for local effects – fully damaged bond between the concrete and reinforcement near the cracks. Knowledge of a benchmark data point obtained from a reference element is required. The point is defined by the reinforcement ratio, bar diameter and mean crack spacing values. This data point enables the estimation of the mean crack spacing for other RC tension elements. A comparative investigation was carried out, with two different mean strain approaches, following the free-of-shrinkage tension stiffening law and provisions in Eurocode 2. The obtained results provide reasonably accurate estimates of crack spacing compared to experimental values.
The Gendered Transformation of Matrimonial and Family Norms in the Context of International Migration. The Case of Chinese “Spouses of French” Residing in the Paris Region
Authors: Wang Simeng
Published: May 2019

En s’appuyant sur une enquête qualitative menée auprès de Chinois·es conjoint·e·s de Français·es, des membres de leur famille et belle-famille et d’agents administratifs préfectoraux, cet article se propose d’analyser la transformation genrée des normes familiales et matrimoniales dans un contexte de migrations internationales, à travers une approche en termes d’intersectionnalité. Il s’agit d’une population d’origine chinoise qualifiée – soit en Chine, soit en France, soit dans les deux pays – pour laquelle ne se présente pas l’enjeu de la régularisation par l’acte de mariage. En privilégiant trois scènes sociales, au cours de leur migration, où ces conjoint·e·s de Français·es sont confronté·e·s à différents systèmes de normes matrimoniales et familiales de la manière la plus conflictuelle – départ de la famille d’origine en Chine, expériences administratives à la préfecture et à l’OFII, et installation du couple en France –, l’article vise à montrer que derrière cette catégorie administrative « conjoint·e·s de Français·es » présentée comme une catégorie allant de soi, il existe une diversité de trajectoires sociales et les migrants chinois hommes et femmes enquêtés dénaturalisent eux-mêmes les normes de genre. Les rapports sociaux de genre, de classe, de génération et d’ethnicité, fonctionnent de manière intersectionnelle, comme producteurs de normes matrimoniales et familiales en contexte de migrations internationales, et participent aux processus de socialisation de ces migrants internationaux. À ce titre, l’étude des couples extra-ethniques permet d’analyser un espace transnational dans lequel des normes et des hiérarchies sociales se transforment au croisement de la mobilité sociale et de la mobilité géographique.
INTENÇÃO EMPREENDEDORA COM SUSTENTABILIDADE: MODA OU TENDÊNCIA?
Authors: Fialho Camila Borges , Nunes Andrieli de Fátima Paz , Gai Maria Julia Pegoraro
Published: May 2019

O conceito de empreendedorismo sustentável tem sido um tema muito debatido e de grande importância na literatura acadêmica. Hockerts e Wüstenhagen (2010) definem a intenção empreendedora dos novos negócios como a criação de empreendimentos que combinam, ao mesmo tempo, a geração de valor econômico, social e ambiental. Dessa maneira, este estudo buscou analisar a relação entre a intenção empreendedora e a preocupação com a sustentabilidade dos novos negócios em discentes de Administração de uma IES privada. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo, descritiva e quantitativa, de natureza aplicada. Para a coleta de dados, utilizaram-se questionários; os dados foram tabulados no Excel e realizaram-se as análises estatísticas descritivas pelo software SPSS v.21. Como principais resultados, destaca-se que os discentes indicam possuir interesse em abrir o próprio negócio e verificou-se que os futuros empreendedores estão mais comprometidos com a dimensão social, seguidos da dimensão ambiental e, por último, a econômica.
A SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT EM PROFESSORES: UMA INVESTIGAÇÃO NA ESCOLA DE APLICAÇÃO DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ
Authors: Pinho Jordana Ferreira , De Mattos Carlos André Corrêa
Published: May 2019

A síndrome de burnout é uma patologia psicossocial com origem laboral, que ocorre em consequência da exposição constante a agentes estressores. Os profissionais que lidam diretamente com pessoas, especialmente aqueles que desenvolvem atividades assistenciais como médicos, psicólogos, assistentes sociais, professores e outros são os mais acometidos pela patologia. Nesse contexto, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar a ocorrência da síndrome de burnout entre os professores da Escola de Aplicação da Universidade Federal do Pará. O estudo utilizou metodologia exploratória, descritiva, com tratamento de dados quantitativos e amostragem não probabilística por acessibilidade. Realizada em pesquisa de campo, aplicou-se o questionário Maslach Burnout Inventory – General Survey (MBI-GS) para caracterizar a presença da síndrome. A amostra foi composta por 42 professores e a análise dos dados utilizou estatística descritiva, inferencial (Mann-Whitney) e multivariada (Análise de Agrupamentos). Os resultados identificaram dois grupos de professores: um denominado como “Exauridos Emocionalmente” e outro “Eficazes no trabalho”. Os “Exauridos Emocionalmente” representaram 69,05% dos entrevistados, que apresentaram a síndrome com intensidade moderada. Os “Eficazes no trabalho” não foram acometidos pela síndrome. A conclusão da pesquisa recomenda atenção da organização e estratégias para combater a síndrome e evitar seu agravamento.
ABORDAGEM ESTRUTURALISTA: UMA ANÁLISE DE MANUAIS DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO
Authors: Queiroz André Felipe , Condi Paulo Ricardo , Benini Élcio Gustavo , Finocchio Caroline Pauletto
Published: May 2019

O estruturalismo é uma base epistemológica complexa, utilizada em diferentes áreas do conhecimento, cujo foco de análise tem se alternado de padrões/conjuntos culturais-subjetivos até a própria base material-concreta da sociedade. No campo das teorias administrativas e da sociologia organizacional, a diversidade da abordagem estruturalista é visualizada nos recortes expostos nos manuais didáticos, utilizados em disciplinas como Teoria Geral da Administração e/ou Teorias organizacionais, recortes estes que transmitem determinada compreensão relativa sobre a temática. Assim, este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar o conteúdo apresentado a respeito do estruturalismo em manuais didáticos de administração. O campo empírico-concreto foi delimitado pela escolha de dois manuais de ampla circulação, tendo como parâmetro a disseminação/utilização em três grandes universidades privadas de atuação nacional. Para realizar a análise, foram criadas algumas categorias, por meio das quais foram observados os seguintes aspectos: delimitação da abordagem e quantidade das referências diretas e indiretas; dimensão histórica-concreta acerca da abordagem; dimensão político-ideológico; epistemologia, ontologia e gnosiologia apresentada e dimensões teóricas. A pesquisa concluiu que a sistematização dos conceitos e as respectivas tentativas de sínteses, ou de enquadramento teórico realizado nos manuais didáticos, transmitem determinadas interpretações teórico-metodológicas, em muitos pontos divergentes, sugerindo o retorno aos clássicos e a consulta, comparação e utilização, sempre que possível, de outros manuais e textos científicos, uma vez que, se isto não for realizado, corre-se o risco de limitar a visão dos estudantes a determinadas interpretações e/ou visões de mundo, procedimento este que indissociavelmente acompanham os autores dos manuais.
PERSPECTIVAS DE VALOR NO COMPOSTO DE FRANCHISING: UM ESTUDO COM MICROFRANQUIAS.
Authors: Conejero Marco Antonio , Mangini Eduardo Roque , Martins Francis Paulus
Published: May 2019

O sistema de franchising vem crescendo na escala de dois dígitos nos últimos anos no Brasil. Este crescimento vem sendo impulsionado, principalmente, pelas microfranquias, por conta dos baixos investimentos de implantação do negócio (até R$ 80 mil para abertura de uma unidade franqueada), o que tem atraído a emergente classe C. Contudo, as taxas de franquia cobradas pelas franqueadoras podem limitar o sucesso e, por consequência, o crescimento da rede de franquias. Por este motivo, este estudo tem como objetivo geral entender a influência dessas taxas no crescimento da rede de franqueados no ambiente de microfranquias. Adotou-se para este fim o método de pesquisa qualitativo por intermédio de um estudo multicasos, abrangendo três franqueadoras e onze franqueados de prestação de serviços no interior de São Paulo. A pesquisa constatou a falta de suporte operacional por parte das franqueadoras, porém as taxas são cobradas na totalidade da rede de franqueados. Outro ponto evidenciado nesta pesquisa foi com relação ao baixo esforço de divulgação da marca, apesar da existência da taxa de publicidade paga pelos franqueados. E, por fim, também se evidencia o comportamento oportunista das franqueadoras em relação à cobrança da taxa de royalty. Uma das três franqueadoras já alterou, e outra tem desejo de, no médio prazo, alterar a forma de cobrança da taxa de royalty para um valor fixo mensal, independentemente do faturamento das unidades franqueadas.
Perfil de estrangeiros e brasileiros atendidos pela odontologia na atenção básica em município de fronteira/ Profile of foreigners and brazilians assisted by dentistry in basic care in a border municipality
Authors: Gomes Sandra Palmeira Melo , Carvalho Manoela De , Baltazar Mariângela Monteiro de Melo
Published: May 2019

Introdução: Municípios brasileiros em regiões de fronteira com outros países têm assistido cidadãos transfronteiriços que buscam resolver problemas de saúde nos serviços ofertados pelo SUS.  Objetivo: analisar a atenção à saúde bucal a partir do perfil de estrangeiros e de brasileiros residentes em países de fronteira com o município de Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, que buscaram assistência odontológica na atenção básica (AB) desse município. Metodologia: Pesquisa quantitativa, transversal, cujas fontes foram a totalidade dos prontuários odontológicos de usuários atendidos de 2010 a 2015 (n=751). Os dados coletados retratam condições sociodemográficas, histórico de atendimento odontológico, história médica e odontológica e, história odontológica para usuários menores de cinco anos e foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva simples. Resultados: São brasileiros residentes no Paraguai (98,67%); não continuaram o atendimento (81,09%), o tratamento restaurador foi o mais realizado na AB (51,93%), a endodontia mais procurada no Centro Especialidades Odontológicas (47,77%), apresentando maior percentual de abandono e pendência (56,78%). Discussão: A interrupção do tratamento foi um dos achados mais preocupantes, o que sugere barreiras na integralidade da assistência e a subnotificação de dados um fator limitante da pesquisa. Conclusão: a integralidade da assistência odontológica deve ser analisada pela gestão; além disso, sugere-se a capacitação dos profissionais quanto ao processo de trabalho e de registros de informações.
Neural network radiative transfer for imaging spectroscopy
Authors: Bue Brian D. , Thompson David R. , Deshpande Shubhankar , Eastwood Michael , Green Robert O. , Natraj Vijay , Mullen Terry , Parente Mario
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Visible–shortwave infrared imaging spectroscopy provides valuable remote
measurements of Earth's surface and atmospheric properties. These
measurements generally rely on inversions of computationally intensive
radiative transfer models (RTMs). RTMs' computational expense makes them
difficult to use with high-volume imaging spectrometers, and forces
approximations such as lookup table interpolation and surface–atmosphere
decoupling. These compromises limit the accuracy and flexibility of the
remote retrieval; dramatic speed improvements in radiative transfer models
could significantly improve the utility and interpretability of remote
spectroscopy for Earth science. This study demonstrates that nonparametric
function approximation with neural networks can replicate radiative transfer
calculations and generate accurate radiance spectra at multiple wavelengths
over a diverse range of surface and atmosphere state parameters. We also
demonstrate such models can act as surrogate forward models for atmospheric
correction procedures. Incorporating physical knowledge into the network
structure provides improved interpretability and model efficiency. We
evaluate the approach in atmospheric correction of data from the PRISM
airborne imaging spectrometer, and demonstrate accurate emulation of
radiative transfer calculations, which run several orders of magnitude faster
than first-principles models. These results are particularly amenable to
iterative spectrum fitting approaches, providing analytical benefits
including statistically rigorous treatment of uncertainty and the potential
to recover information on spectrally broad signals.
Estimating Solar Irradiance Using Sky Imagers
Authors: Dev Soumyabrata , Savoy Florian M. , Lee Yee Hui , Winkler Stefan
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Ground-based whole sky cameras are now-a-days extensively used for localized monitoring of the clouds. They capture hemispherical images of the sky at regular intervals using a fisheye lens. In this paper, we derive a model for estimating the solar irradiance using pictures taken by those imagers. Unlike pyranometers, these sky images contain information about the cloud coverage and can be used to derive cloud movement. An accurate estimation of the solar irradiance using solely those images is thus a first step towards short-term solar energy generation forecasting, as cloud movement can also be derived from them. We derive and validate our model using pyranometers co-located with our whole sky imagers. We achieve a root mean square error of 178 Watt/m2 between estimated and measured solar irradiance, outperforming state-of-the-art methods using other weather instruments. Our method shows a significant improvement in estimating strong short-term variations.
30 years of European Commission Radioactivity Environmental Monitoring data bank (REMdb) – an open door to boost environmental radioactivity research
Authors: Sangiorgi Marco , Hernández Ceballos Miguel Angel , Iurlaro Giorgia , Cinelli Giorgia , de Cort Marc
Published: May 2019

Abstract. The
Radioactivity Environmental Monitoring data bank (REMdb) was created in the
aftermath of the Chernobyl accident (1986) by the European Commission (EC) –
Directorate-General Joint Research Centre (DG JRC), sited in Ispra (Italy).
Since then it has been maintained there with the aim to keep a historical
record of the Chernobyl accident and to store the radioactivity monitoring
data gathered through the national environmental monitoring programs of the
member states (MSs). The legal basis is the Euratom
Treaty, Chapter III Health and
Safety, Articles 35 and 36, which clarify that MSs shall periodically
communicate to the EC information on environmental radioactivity levels. By
collecting and validating this information in REMdb, JRC supports the DG for
Energy in its responsibilities in returning qualified information to the MSs
(competent authorities and general public) on the levels of radioactive
contamination of the various compartments of the environment (air, water,
soil) on the European Union scale. REMdb accepts data on radionuclide
concentrations from EU MSs in both environmental samples and foodstuffs from
1984 onwards. To date, the total number of data records stored in REMdb
exceeds 5 million, in this way providing the scientific community with a
valuable archive of environmental radioactivity topics in Europe. Records
stored in REMdb are publicly accessible until 2011 through an unrestricted
repository “REM data bank – Years 1984–2006”
https://doi.org/10.2905/jrc-10117-10024 (De Cort et al., 2007) and “REM data bank –
Years 2007–2011” https://doi.org/10.2905/de42f259-fafe-4329-9798-9d8fabb98de5 (De
Cort et al., 2012). Access to data from 2012 onwards is granted only after
explicit request, until the corresponding monitoring report is published.
Each data record contains information describing the sampling circumstances
(sampling type, begin and end time), measurement conditions (value, nuclide,
apparatus, etc.), location and date of sampling, and original data reference.
In this paper the scope, features and extension of REMdb are described in
detail.
Cosmogenic 10Be in river sediment: where grain size matters and why
Authors: van Dongen Renee , Scherler Dirk , Wittmann Hella , von Blanckenburg Friedhelm
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Concentrations of in-situ-produced
cosmogenic 10Be in river sediment are
widely used to estimate catchment-average denudation rates. Typically, the
10Be concentrations are measured in the sand fraction of river
sediment. However, the grain size of bedload sediment in most bedrock rivers
covers a much wider range. Where 10Be concentrations depend on grain
size, denudation rate estimates based on the sand fraction alone are
potentially biased. To date, knowledge about catchment attributes that
may induce grain-size-dependent 10Be concentrations is incomplete or
has only been investigated in modelling studies. Here we present an
empirical study on the occurrence of grain-size-dependent 10Be
concentrations and the potential controls of hillslope angle, precipitation,
lithology, and abrasion. We first conducted a study focusing on the sole
effect of precipitation in four granitic catchments located on a
climate gradient in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera. We found that observed
grain size dependencies of 10Be concentrations in the most-arid and
most-humid catchments could be explained by the effect of precipitation on
both the scouring depth of erosion processes and the depth of the mixed soil
layer. Analysis of a global dataset of published 10Be concentrations in
different grain sizes (n=73 catchments) – comprising catchments with
contrasting hillslope angles, climate, lithology, and catchment size – revealed
a similar pattern. Lower 10Be concentrations in coarse grains (defined
as “negative grain size dependency”) emerge frequently in catchments which
likely have thin soil and where deep-seated erosion processes (e.g.
landslides) excavate grains over a larger depth interval. These catchments
include steep (> 25∘) and humid catchments
(> 2000 mm yr−1). Furthermore, we found that an additional
cause of negative grain size dependencies may emerge in large catchments
with weak lithologies and long sediment travel distances (> 2300–7000 m, depending on lithology)
where abrasion may lead to a grain size
distribution that is not representative for the entire catchment. The
results of this study can be used to evaluate whether catchment-average
denudation rates are likely to be biased in particular catchments.
Summertime precipitation extremes in a EURO-CORDEX 0.11° ensemble at an hourly resolution
Authors: Berg Peter , Christensen Ole B. , Klehmet Katharina , Lenderink Geert , Olsson Jonas , Teichmann Claas , Yang Wei
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Regional climate model simulations have routinely been applied to assess
changes in precipitation extremes at daily time steps. However, shorter
sub-daily extremes have not received as much attention. This is likely
because of the limited availability of high temporal resolution data, both
for observations and for model outputs. Here, summertime depth duration
frequencies of a subset of the EURO-CORDEX 0.11∘ ensemble are
evaluated with observations for several European countries for durations of
1 to 12 h. Most of the model simulations strongly underestimate 10-year
depths for durations up to a few hours but perform better at longer
durations. The spatial patterns over Germany are reproduced at least partly
at a 12 h duration, but all models fail at shorter durations.
Projected changes are assessed by relating relative depth changes to mean
temperature changes. A strong relationship with temperature is found across
different subregions of Europe, emission scenarios and future time periods.
However, the scaling varies considerably between different combinations of
global and regional climate models, with a spread in scaling of around
1–10 % K−1 at a 12 h duration and generally higher values at shorter durations.
Assessment of potential seismic hazard for sensitive facilities
by applying seismo-tectonic criteria: an example from the Levant region
Authors: Sharon Matty , Sagy Amir , Kurzon Ittai , Marco Shmuel , Rosensaft Marcelo
Published: May 2019

Abstract. We present a methodology for mapping faults that constitute a potential hazard to structures, with an emphasis on special facilities such as dams and nuclear power plants. The methodology categorises faults by hierarchical seismo-tectonic criteria, which are designed according to the degree of certainty for recent activity and the accessibility of the information within a given region. First, the instrumental seismicity is statistically processed to obtain the gridded seismicity of the earthquake density and the seismic moment density parameters. Their spatial distribution reveals the zones of the seismic sources, within the examined period. We combine these results with geodetic slip rates, historical earthquake data, geological maps and other sources to define and categorise faults that are likely to generate significant earthquakes (M ≥ 6.0). Their mapping is fundamental for seismo-tectonic modelling and for PSHA analyses. In addition, for surface rupture hazard, we create a database and a map of capable faults, by developing criteria according to the regional stratigraphy and the seismotectonic configuration. The relationship between seismicity slip dynamics and fault activity through time is an intrinsic result of our analysis that allows revealing the tectonic evolution of a given region. The presented methodology expands the ability to differentiate between subgroups for planning or maintenance of different constructions or for research aims, and can be applied in other regions.
A revised ocean glider concept to realize Stommel's vision and supplement Argo floats
Authors: Bruvik Erik M. , Fer Ilker , Våge Kjetil , Haugan Peter M.
Published: May 2019

Abstract. This paper revisits Stommel's vision for a global glider network and the Argo design specification. A concept of floats with wings, so-called slow underwater gliders, is explored. An analysis of the energy/power consumption shows that, by operating gliders with half the vehicle volume at half the speed compared to present gliders, the energy requirements for long duration missions can be met with available battery capacities. Simulation experiments of slow gliders are conducted using the horizontal current fields from an eddy-permitting ocean reanalysis product. By employing a semi-Lagrangian, streamwise navigation whereby the glider steers at right angles to ocean currents, we show that the concept is feasible. The simulated glider tracks demonstrate the potential for efficient coverage of key oceanographic features and variability.
Snow-driven uncertainty in CryoSat-2-derived Antarctic sea ice thickness – insights from McMurdo Sound
Authors: Price Daniel , Soltanzadeh Iman , Rack Wolfgang , Dale Ethan
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Knowledge of the snow depth distribution on Antarctic sea ice is
poor but is critical to obtaining sea ice thickness from satellite altimetry
measurements of the freeboard. We examine the usefulness of various snow
products to provide snow depth information over Antarctic fast ice in McMurdo
Sound with a focus on a novel approach using a high-resolution numerical snow
accumulation model (SnowModel). We compare this model to results from
ECMWF ERA-Interim precipitation, EOS Aqua AMSR-E passive microwave snow
depths and in situ measurements at the end of the sea ice growth season in
2011. The fast ice was segmented into three areas by fastening date and the
onset of snow accumulation was calibrated to these dates. SnowModel captures
the spatial snow distribution gradient in McMurdo Sound and falls within
2 cm snow water equivalent (s.w.e) of in situ measurements across the entire
study area. However, it exhibits deviations of 5 cm s.w.e. from these
measurements in the east where the effect of local topographic features has
caused an overestimate of snow depth in the model. AMSR-E provides s.w.e.
values half that of SnowModel for the majority of the sea ice growth season.
The coarser-resolution ERA-Interim produces a very high mean s.w.e. value
20 cm higher than the in situ measurements. These various snow datasets and
in situ information are used to infer sea ice thickness in combination with
CryoSat-2 (CS-2) freeboard data. CS-2 is capable of capturing the seasonal
trend of sea ice freeboard growth but thickness results are highly dependent
on what interface the retracked CS-2 height is assumed to represent. Because
of this ambiguity we vary the proportion of ice and snow that represents the
freeboard – a mathematical alteration of the radar penetration into the snow
cover – and assess this uncertainty in McMurdo Sound. The ranges in sea ice
thickness uncertainty within these bounds, as means of the entire growth season, are 1.08,
4.94 and 1.03 m for SnowModel, ERA-Interim and AMSR-E respectively. Using an
interpolated in situ snow dataset we find the best agreement between
CS-2-derived and in situ thickness when this interface is assumed to be
0.07 m below the snow surface.
Detecting of Cave Floor Ice Dynamics based on Selective Cloud-to-Cloud Approach
Authors: Šupinský Jozef , Kaňuk Ján , Hochmuth Zdenko , Gallay Michal
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Ice caves can be considered as an indicator of the long-term changes in the landscape. Dynamics in ice volume in the caves are common throughout the year, but the inter-seasonal comparison of ice dynamics indicates a change in the hydrological-climatic regime of the landscape. However, evaluating cave ice volume changes is a challenging task that requires continuous monitoring based on detailed mapping. Nowadays, laser scanning technology is used for cryomorphology mapping to record a status of the ice at an ultra-high resolution. In order to evaluate the dynamics of cave ice, it is necessary to place individual measurements in an unified coordinate system. In the presented paper, we propose a selective cloud-to-cloud approach that addresses the issue of registration of single scan missions into unified coordinate system. We present the results of the ice dynamics monitoring in the Silická ľadnica cave situated in the Slovak Karst, which started in summer of 2016. Based on the results we can conclude that the change in ice volume during the year is continuous and we can observe repeated processes of degradation and ice formation in the cave. Presented analysis of the inter-seasonal dynamics of the ice volume demonstrates that there has been a significant decrement of ice in the monitored period.
Drivers for Atlantic-origin waters abutting Greenland
Authors: Gillard Laura C. , Hu Xianmin , Myers Paul G.
Published: May 2019

Abstract. The oceanic heat available in Greenland’s troughs is dependent on the location of the trough, the warm water origin, and how the water is impacted by local processes. This study investigates the mechanisms that bring warm water to the shelf and into the troughs abutting the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS). Warm water that is exchanged from the trough into the fjord may influence the melt on the marine terminating glaciers. Regional ocean model experiments showed that Melville Bay troughs experienced warming following 2009. An increase in ocean heat in these troughs may drive a retreat of the GrIS. In 2004 to 2006, model experiments captured an increase in onshore heat flux in the Disko Bay trough, coinciding with the timing of the disintegration of Jakobshavn Isbrae's floating tongue and observed ocean heat increase in Disko Bay. Warm Irminger water can extend far north into Baffin Bay, reaching as north as Melville Bay troughs. However, it diminishes north of 67° N on the east coast. Seasonality of the maximum onshore heat flux differs due to distance away from the original source. The north-west coast and south-east coast respond differently to changes in meltwater from Greenland and high frequency atmospheric phenomena. With a doubling of the GrIS meltwater, Baffin Bay troughs brought ∼40 % more heat. The lack of presence of storms resulted in an increase in heat flux (∼20 %) through Helheim glacier’s trough. These results demonstrate the importance of onshore heat transport through troughs and its potential implications to the GrIS.
Agronegócio e ambiente no Cerrado tocantinense: um panorama dos municípios com base em indicadores
Authors: Souza Lucas Barbosa e , Barros Juliana Ramalho
Published: May 2019

A recente expansão do agronegócio sobre o Cerrado tocantinense tem sido responsável por diferentes tipos de transformações nesse bioma-território, incluindo mudanças ambientais. Suas consequências podem afetar o clima, a água, a sociobiodiversidade e os modos de vida de populações, sobretudo daquelas que habitam o campo e que dependem diretamente da natureza para a sua autossustentação. Partindo desse contexto, o presente artigo tem como objetivo traçar um panorama da situação dos municípios do estado do Tocantins com base em diferentes indicadores: agropecuários (tais como áreas de cultivo, de pastagens e rebanhos) e ambientais (tais como desmatamento acumulado e déficits de reserva legal e de áreas de proteção permanente). Foi verificada também, dentro dos limites de cada município, a presença de comunidades tradicionais e de assentados rurais, grupos considerados mais expostos e vulneráveis às consequências negativas do agronegócio sobre o ambiente. Buscou-se, assim, conhecer a conjuntura do tema emescala estadual e identificar municípios prioritários para a realização de estudos detalhados e para a execução de políticas públicas de monitoramento, fiscalização e conservação ambiental.Palavras-chave: fronteira agrícola; mudanças ambientais; sociobiodiversidade;Tocantins.
Os micropolos geográficos de ligação do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul e suas articulações territoriais: um estudo dos municípios fronteiriços de Ponta Porã e Corumbá
Authors: Silva Walter Guedes
Published: May 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é fazer um estudo da geografia urbana regional, no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul - Brasil, tendo como base os micropolos geográficos de ligação, representados pelas cidades de Corumbá, fronteira com a Bolívia, e, de Ponta Porã, fronteira com o Paraguai. Essas cidades apresentam uma condição distinta de cidades de fronteira, que lhes confere uma dinâmica interna e externa de fluxo de pessoas, serviços e capital, característica de suas posições geográficas. Enquanto procedimento metodológico, adotou-se as orientações do trabalho de Oliveira & Martins Jr. (2016) que estabelece uma base metodológica para definição das articulações regionais, nacionais e internacionais dos municípios, pautada em três indicadores, de acordo com suas características: 1) capacidade de autogestão; 2) capacidade de sustentação da base territorial e, por fim, 3) capacidade de articulação regional, nacional e internacional. Essas cidades apresentam uma condição distinta de cidades fronteiriças, dando-lhes uma dinâmica interna e externa de fluxo de pessoas, serviços e capital característica de suas posições geográficas.Palavras-chaves: Regionalização; Fronteira; Indicadores.
Risco socioambiental à leptospirose humana no Aglomerado Urbano Metropolitano de Curitiba, Paraná-Brasil: uma proposta metodológica apoiada em SIG
Authors: Mensch Buffon Elaiz Aparecida , Mendonça Francisco de Assis
Published: May 2019

O conhecimento das áreas de risco socioambiental à leptospirose humana pode auxiliar no processo de tomada de decisão por gestores. A quantificação e o mapeamento desse risco por meio de um índice sintético possibilitam uma análise integrada da problemática. Nesse sentido, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo propor e avaliar uma metodologia para o mapeamento do risco socioambiental à leptospirose humana por meio de um índice sintético que considera as vulnerabilidades e a exposição à doença. A proposta foi aplicada no Aglomerado Urbano Metropolitano de Curitiba, visando apresentar uma análise no nível de desagregação intraurbano e intrametropolitano, considerando um cenário de 2007 a 2013. Foram utilizadas técnicas estatísticas associada a cartografia de síntese (análise multicritério, cálculo álgebra de mapas, cálculo de incidência e matriz de cruzamentos), que culminaram nos seguintes resultados: 1) a metodologia se mostrou eficaz para sintetizar um grande número de dados, que possibilitou reduzir fenômenos complexos de inter-relações em mensagens simples e, 2) os maiores índices de risco socioambiental estão localizados tanto em regiões periféricas, especialmente nas áreas de conurbação, como, em regiões pericentrais, que representam bolsões de pobreza, especialmente na cidade de Curitiba.Palavras-chave: Saúde humana; Vulnerabilidades; Exposição; Análise espacial; Cidade.
Efeitos de um microciclo de Crossfit® em variáveis da carga interna de treinamento
Authors: Pereira Paulo Henrique , Costa e Silva Anselmo Athayde , Pires Daniel Alvarez , Coswig Victor Silveira
Published: May 2019

Objetivo: Investigar o efeito de um microciclo habitual de CrossFit® em indicadores da carga interna de treinamento. Materiais e Métodos: Participaram do estudo 9 indivíduos com média de idade de 28,5±3,4 anos e tempo de prática na modalidade de 12±5,3 meses. Frequência cardíaca de repouso (FCrep), variabilidade da FC, testes físicos e o perfil de humor foram mensurados no primeiro (PRÉ) e no último dia (PÓS) de um microciclo. Resultados: Dentre os principais achados a FCrep aumentou (4,3%; p<0,001), o rMSSD reduziu (-8,8%; p=0,04) e o desempenho físico reduziu (-2,5 a -6%; p<0,05). Conclusão: O microciclo de CrossFit® investigado promoveu efeito negativo na carga interna dos praticantes como resultado de fadiga acumulada em apenas uma semana de treinamento
“Getting It” and Transforming the Self: Werner Erhard as Unlikely Heir to Fritz Perls
Authors: Fisher Michael C.
Published: May 2019

Following on a tripartite series of articles entitled “(Gestalt) Pathways of Dissemination” (Fisher 2017a, 2017b, 2017c), this article explores the parallel lasting influences of Fritz Perls and Werner Erhard, the founder of est (Erhard Seminar Training). At the junction between the cultural milieux of the 1960s and 1970s, Perls and Erhard each drew on and contributed to the human potential movement and the vogue for personal growth that gained international strength after 1964. But, unlike Perls, Erhard was also a savvy businessman who made est into a successful for-profit enterprise that set the stage for countless further seminars and workshop series after 1971. His standard training seminar integrated Gestalt therapy with a host of other awareness techniques and quickly gained the attention of a massive American audience. With the help of media coverage and television appearances, Erhard became the classic celebrity “trainer” of the 1970s. By blending therapy and coaching into a compact, transformational weekend workshop, est created a new template that remains controversial, and which begs a closer look in the context of Gestalt theory and practice.