bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF EDGE OVER COATING AND BAFFLE EFFECT ON HOT-DIP GALVANIZING
Authors: BAO CHENGREN , KANG YONGLIN , LI YAN
Published: May 2016

In hot-dip galvanizing process, air jet wiping control is so crucial to determine the coating thickness and uniformity of the zinc layer on the steel strip. A numerical simulation of gas-jet wiping in hot-dip galvanizing was conducted to minimize the occurrence of edge over coating (EOC). The causes of EOC were identified by contrasting and analyzing the airflow fields on the strip edge with and without a baffle. The factors influencing the airflow field on the strip edge during the change in the gap between the baffle and the strip edge were also analyzed. The effect of the distance between the air knife and the strip was evaluated. Technological parameters with on-site guidance role were obtained by combining them with the actual production to elucidate the role of the baffle in restraining the occurrence of EOC. The uniform distribution of pressure and coating thickness on the strip is achieved when the distance of the baffle from the strip edge is about 0.3 times of the jetting distance.
Diagonal couplings of quantum Markov chains
Authors: Kümmerer Burkhard , Schwieger Kay
Published: May 2016

In this paper we extend the coupling method from classical probability theory to quantum Markov chains on atomic von Neumann algebras. In particular, we establish a coupling inequality, which allow us to estimate convergence rates by analyzing couplings. For a given tensor dilation we construct a self-coupling of a Markov operator. It turns out that the coupling is a dual version of the extended dual transition operator studied by Gohm et al. We deduce that this coupling is successful if and only if the dilation is asymptotically complete.
The Hopf algebra structure of the h-deformed Z3-graded quantum supergroup GLh,j(1|1)
Authors: Yasar Ergün
Published: May 2016

In this work, we define a new proper singular [Formula: see text] matrix to construct a Z3-graded calculus on the [Formula: see text]-deformed quantum superplane. Using the obtained calculus, we construct a new [Formula: see text]-deformed Z3-graded quantum supergroup and give some features of it. Finally, we build up the Hopf algebra structure of this supergroup.
SEA Planning Responses to Estuarine Cumulative Effects of Watershed Urbanisation
Authors: van Roon Marjorie Ruth , Rigold Tamsin Pamela , Dixon Jennifer
Published: May 2016

Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) and Cumulative Effects Assessment (CEA) are the focus of this research that investigated the evolving response in plans to the biologically undesirable accumulation of copper and zinc in a New Zealand estuary. Sources of metals are influenced by policies and plan provisions for land use, transport, stormwater management and boat moorings. During four decades of local government reform, plans responded to the scientific evidence of accumulation with increasingly sophisticated stormwater management. Despite the less explicit inclusion of SEA in New Zealand legislation, this research demonstrates for international audiences the concurrence of jurisdictional amalgamation; growing awareness and knowledge sharing across scientific, engineering and planning practitioners; and a steady improvement in plans to enable a marked slowing in cumulative effects (CEs) of urbanisation. A proposed Auckland Unitary Plan (PAUP) attempts to address some cumulative effects within watersheds now no longer divided by jurisdictional boundaries.
Nanoscale Printing Technique and its Applications in Nanophotonics
Authors: Wang Huacun , Wen Long , Hu Xin , Yu Yan , Zhao Yue , Chen Qin
Published: May 2016

“Printing” is an ancient technique for recording and publishing. Recently, this technique has extended its activities down to a nanometer scale. In this paper, we review the progress of the printing technique focusing on the most recent developments of one technique called “transfer printing” and its applications in nanophotonics.
Gold Nanoparticles Grafted Mesoporous Silica: A Highly Efficient and Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst for Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol
Authors: Mehta Akansha , Sharma Manu , Kumar Ashish , Basu Soumen
Published: May 2016

Synthesis of gold nanoparticles dispersed uniformly on mesoporous silica (mAu/SiO2) by homogeneous deposition–precipitation (HDP) method is used as an effective catalyst for reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol. Silica provides support and surface area to increase the catalytic activity of gold. X-ray photon spectroscopy revealed binding energy of Au 4[Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]84.0[Formula: see text]eV) and Au 4[Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]87.7[Formula: see text]eV) which support the formation of Au0on SiO2surface. Au/SiO2showed Langmuir type-IV isotherms which are the characteristic features of mesoporous materials furthermore, pore size decreases with incorporation of Au NP’s on SiO2surface. The enhancement is due to the strong interaction of Au0with silica support. The catalytic conversion was studied by UV-Visible spectroscopy and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) quantification method, which shows conversion of nitro group into amino group. In addition, the catalyst was easily separated and reused. The reusability of the catalyst exhibited better reduction of the 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol even after 10 consecutive cycles. In comparison to trisodium citrate capped pure gold nanoparticles mAu/SiO2catalysts showed very good catalytic activity toward nitrophenol reduction. Here we conclude that embedment of metal catalysts like Au into high surface area support like silica is a positive step toward development of novel heterogeneous catalysts.
A comparative study of different covariance structure models for the analysis of repeated measurement data
Authors: Wu Yazhou , Zhang Ling , Zhou Liang , Liu Xiaoyu , Liu Ling , Zhang Yanqi , Yi Dong
Published: May 2016

In repeated measurement data, the variables are not independent, and a certain auto-correlation typically exists between different levels of repeated measurement factors. The random error is composed of at least two parts, i.e. the individual random effect and the intra-individual multi-repeated measurement effect. Traditional statistical analysis methods (such as the [Formula: see text]-test and the one-way analysis of variance) are not applicable. The linear mixed model has been widely applied for the analysis and design of repeated measurement data. This paper focuses on medical examples and describes the selection of a covariance structure for the linear mixed model of repeated measurement in the modeling of different variance–covariance structures. By selecting different covariance structures, we can perform the parameter estimation and statistical test for the fixed effect of repeated measurement data, the parameters of random effects, and the covariance matrix. The results are analyzed and compared to provide a reference for applying the linear mixed model of repeated measurement to medical research.
Minimum weight resolving sets of grid graphs
Authors: Andersen Patrick , Grigorious Cyriac , Miller Mirka
Published: May 2016

For a simple graph [Formula: see text] and for a pair of vertices [Formula: see text], we say that a vertex [Formula: see text] resolves [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] if the shortest path from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] is of a different length than the shortest path from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text]. A set of vertices [Formula: see text] is a resolving set if for every pair of vertices [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text], there exists a vertex [Formula: see text] that resolves [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The minimum weight resolving set problem is to find a resolving set [Formula: see text] for a weighted graph [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] is minimum, where [Formula: see text] is the weight of vertex [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we explore the possible solutions of this problem for grid graphs [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text]. We give a complete characterization of solutions whose cardinalities are 2 or 3, and show that the maximum cardinality of a solution is [Formula: see text]. We show that the grid has the property that given a landmark set, we only need to investigate whether or not all pairs of vertices that share common neighbors are resolved to determine if the whole graph is resolved. We use this result to provide a characterization of a class of minimals whose cardinalities range from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] and show that the number of such minimals is [Formula: see text].
Magnetic Heating of Fe–Co Ferrites — Experiments and Modeling
Authors: Kekalo Katsiaryna , Shubitidze Fridon , Meyers Robert , Yaqub Rumana , Baker Ian
Published: May 2016

Magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia uses magnetically-induced heat to kill cancer cells. In an alternating magnetic field, the induced heat depends strongly on particles’ absorption properties. In order to achieve and maintain therapeutic temperatures inside a tumor and to minimize damage to normal tissues due to induced eddy currents, there is a need to develop new magnetic nanoparticles with improved heating characteristics. This paper investigates the magnetic heating properties of composite iron-cobalt ferrite nanoparticles CoxFe[Formula: see text]Fe[Formula: see text]O4 with 0[Formula: see text]. These composite materials are synthesized using a precipitation method. First, the Fe-Co nanoparticle synthesis is described, then their structure, size, magnetic and heating properties are measured and analyzed. The resulting nanoparticles were treated at temperatures 100–600[Formula: see text]C in order to study any structural transformations and changes of physical properties. Finally, an empirical model is used to calculate both the nanoparticles’ coercivity and their specific absorption rates for different Co concentrations.
Change in the Prevalence of Testing for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in the United States: 1999–2012
Authors: Vozoris Nicholas T. , Batt Jane
Published: May 2016

Purpose. There is no information on the change in prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) testing in the United States (US) following the introduction of the interferon gamma release assay (IGRA), a new and alternative diagnostic method for LTBI. The purpose of this study was to evaluate potential changes in the prevalence of LTBI testing in the US following the introduction of IGRA.Methods. This was a multiyear cross-sectional study using nationally representative data from the 1999-2000 and 2011-2012 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Self-reported prevalence of LTBI testing was estimated among groups known to have increased LTBI risk. Descriptive statistics were used.Results. Compared to 1999-2000, significantly fewer individuals self-reported being tested for LTBI in 2011-2012 among Hispanic Americans (68.0% versus 60.7%,p<0.0001) and among those with comorbidities (74.7% versus 72.0%,p=0.02). There were also nonsignificant trends towards less self-reported LTBI testing in 2011-2012 versus 1999-2000 among household contacts of active TB cases, foreign-born individuals, and African Americans.Conclusions. Despite the introduction of IGRA, LTBI testing occurs less frequently in the US among vulnerable groups. Possibly inadequate targeted LTBI testing could result in increased active TB in the US in the future.
For Researchers on Obesity: Historical Review of Extra Body Weight Definitions
Authors: Komaroff Marina
Published: May 2016

Rationale.The concept of obesity has been known since ancient world; however, the current standard definition of obesity was endorsed only about a decade ago. There is a need for researches to understand multiple approaches to defining obesity and how and why the standard definition was developed. The review will help to grasp the complexity of the problem and can lead to novel hypotheses in obesity research.Objective.This paper focuses on the objective to understand historical background on the development of “referenceandstandardtables” of weight as a platform for normal versus abnormal body weight definition.Methods.A systematic literature review was performed to chronologically summarize the definition of body weight from time of Hippocrates till the year of 2010.Conclusion.This paper presents the historical background on the development of “referenceandstandardtables” of weight as a platform for normal versus abnormal body weight definition. Knowledge of historical approaches to the concept of obesity can motivate researchers to find new hypotheses and utilize the appropriate obesity assessments to address their objectives.
Is Gastroparesis Found More Frequently in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis? A Systematic Review
Authors: Corral Juan E. , Dye Corey W. , Mascarenhas Maria R. , Barkin Jamie S. , Salathe Matthias , Moshiree Baharak
Published: May 2016

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is associated with different gastrointestinal motility disturbances and syndromes. We aim to assess gastric emptying in patients with CF compared to healthy controls by a systematic review of existing literature. Medical databases and abstracts from major gastroenterology and CF meetings were reviewed. Emptying times in CF patients were compared with healthy controls using random effects models. Subgroup analysis stratified results by age and diagnostic modality. Nineteen studies from 7 countries included 574 subjects (359 CF patients and 215 controls). Using pooled analysis frequency of gastroparesis was high (38%, 95% CI 30–45%) but results were highly dependent on the diagnostic modality. Delayed gastric emptying is more common in CF compared to general population. Scintigraphy identified rapid gastric emptying in a subgroup of CF patients, but this finding disappeared with adequate pancreatic enzyme replacement and after other diagnostic modalities were included.
Periodic Event-Triggered Condition Design for the Consensus of Multiagent Systems with Communication Delays
Authors: Zhou Feng , Huang Zhiwu , Liu Weirong , Li Liran , Gao Kai
Published: May 2016

This paper focuses on the periodic event-triggered consensus problem for multiagent systems under undirected graph. In the periodic event-triggered control, the event condition is tested only periodically to decide when to exert the control behaviors and when to broadcast the sampling data. Two sets of event-triggered strategies combining with sampled-data control are designed based on an exponential decay function and a quadratic Lyapunov function, respectively. Some useful theorems for these two periodic event-triggered strategies about the choice of period are derived to guarantee the asymptotical stability of the closed-loop multiagent systems. In addition, this paper gives a sufficient condition about the bounds of communication delay for the multiagent systems. It is rigorously proved that the overall system will achieve the consensus under the proposed strategy if the period and time delay satisfy the theorems. Finally, we extend these solutions to general linear dynamical systems. Simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness.
FAB: Fast Angular Binary Descriptor for Matching Corner Points in Video Imagery
Authors: Tahir Mehwish , Kanwal Nadia , Anjum Fatima
Published: May 2016

Image matching is a fundamental step in several computer vision applications where the requirement is fast, accurate, and robust matching of images in the presence of different transformations. Detection and more importantly description of low-level image features proved to be a more appropriate choice for this purpose, such as edges, corners, or blobs. Modern descriptors use binary values to store neighbourhood information of feature points for matching because binary descriptors are fast to compute and match. This paper proposes a descriptor called Fast Angular Binary (FAB) descriptor that illustrates the neighbourhood of a corner point using a binary vector. It is different from conventional descriptors because of selecting only the useful neighbourhood of corner point instead of the whole circular area of specific radius. The descriptor uses the angle of corner points to reduce the search space and increase the probability of finding an accurate match using binary descriptor. Experiments show that FAB descriptor’s performance is good, but the calculation and matching time is significantly less than BRIEF, the best known binary descriptor, and AMIE, a descriptor that uses entropy and average intensities of informative part of a corner point for the description.
On the Result of Invariance of the Closure Set of the Real Projections of the Zeros of an Important Class of Exponential Polynomials
Authors: Sepulcre J. M.
Published: May 2016

We provide the proof of a practical pointwise characterization of the setRPdefined by the closure set of the real projections of the zeros of an exponential polynomialP(z)=∑j=1ncjewjzwith real frequencieswjlinearly independent over the rationals. As a consequence, we give a complete description of the setRPand prove its invariance with respect to the moduli of thecj′s, which allows us to determine exactly the gaps ofRPand the extremes of the critical interval ofP(z)by solving inequations with positive real numbers. Finally, we analyse the converse of this result of invariance.
Probabilistic Dressing of a Storm Surge Prediction in the Adriatic Sea
Authors: Mel R. , Lionello P.
Published: May 2016

Providing a reliable, accurate, and fully informative storm surge forecast is of paramount importance for managing the hazards threatening coastal environments. Specifically, a reliable probabilistic forecast is crucial for the management of the movable barriers that are planned to become operational in 2018 for the protection of Venice and its lagoon. However, a probabilistic forecast requires multiple simulations and a considerable computational time, which makes it expensive in real-time applications. This paper describes the ensemble dressing method, a cheap operational flood prediction system that includes information about the uncertainty of the ensemble members by computing it directly from the meteorological input and the local spread distribution, without requiring multiple forecasts. Here, a sophisticated error distribution form is developed, which includes the superposition of the uncertainty caused by inaccuracies of the ensemble prediction system, which depends on surge level and lead time, and the uncertainty of the meteorological forcing, which is described using a combination of cross-basin pressure gradients. The ensemble dressing is validated over a 3-month-long period in the year 2010, during which an exceptional sequence of storm surges occurred. Results demonstrate that this computationally cheap method can provide an acceptably realistic estimate of the uncertainty.
Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation in Adult Haematological Malignancies
Authors: Parmesar Kevon , Raj Kavita
Published: May 2016

Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a well-established treatment option for both hematological malignancies and nonmalignant conditions such as aplastic anemia and haemoglobinopathies. For those patients lacking a suitable matched sibling or matched unrelated donor, haploidentical donors are an alternative expedient donor pool. Historically, haploidentical transplantation led to high rates of graft rejection and GVHD. Strategies to circumvent these issues include T cell depletion and management of complications thereof or T replete transplants with GVHD prophylaxis. This review is an overview of these strategies and contemporaneous outcomes for hematological malignancies in adult haploidentical stem cell transplant recipients.
Bone Regeneration in Iliac Crestal Defects: An Experimental Study on Sheep
Authors: Scarano Antonio , Lorusso Felice , Ravera Lorenzo , Mortellaro Carmen , Piattelli Adriano
Published: May 2016

Background. Oral rehabilitation of partially fully edentulous patients with dental implants has become a routine procedure in clinical practice. In a site with a lack of bone GBR is a surgical procedure that provides an augmentation in terms of volume for the insertion of dental implants.Materials and Methods. In the iliac crest of six sheep 4 defects were created where an implant was inserted, three of them with different biomaterials and a control site. All animals were sacrificed after a 4-month healing period. All specimens were processed and analyzed with histomorphometry. Statistical evaluation was done to evaluate percentage of bone defect filled by new bone.Results. All experimental groups showed an increase of the new bone. Higher and highly statistically significant differences were found in the percentages of bone defect filled by new bone in group filled with corticocancellous 250–1000 microns particulate porcine bone mix.Conclusions. This study demonstrates that particulate porcine bone mix and porcine corticocancellous collagenate prehydrated bone mix when used as scaffold are able to induce bone regeneration. Moreover, these data suggest that these biomaterials have higher biocompatibility and are capable of inducing faster and greater bone formation.
Comparison of Frequency Domain and Time-Domain Methods for Aeromechanical Analysis
Authors: Rahmati M. T.
Published: May 2016

Unsteady flow around an oscillating plate cascade and that through a single compressor rotor subject to vibration have been computationally studied, aimed at examining the predictive ability of two low fidelity frequency methods compared with a high fidelity time-domain solution method for aeroelasticity. The computational solutions demonstrate the capabilities of the frequency domain methods compared with the nonlinear time-domain solution method in capturing small perturbations in the unsteady flow. They also show the great advantage of significant CPU time saving by the frequency methods over the nonlinear time method. Comparisons of two different frequency methods, nonlinear harmonic and phase solution method, show that these methods can produce different results due to the differences in numeric and physical conditioning. The results obtained using phase solutions method are in better agreement with the nonlinear time-domain solution. This is because the same numeric and physical conditioning are used in both the nonlinear time-domain method and phase solution frequency domain method.
Refractive Results: Safety and Efficacy of Secondary Piggyback Sensar™AR40 Intraocular Lens Implantation to Correct Pseudophakic Refractive Error
Authors: Hassan Alahmady Hamad Alsmman , Sayed Khulood M. , ElAgooz Mohammed , Elhawary Ashraf Mostafa
Published: May 2016

In this study we evaluate the visual outcomes, safety, efficacy, and stability of implanting of second sulcus intraocular lens (IOL) to correct unsatisfied ametropic patients after phacoemulsification.Methods.Retrospective study of 15 eyes (15 patients) underwent secondary intraocular lens implanted into the ciliary sulcus. The IOL used was a Sensar IOL three-piece foldable hydrophobic acrylic IOL. The first IOL in all patients was acrylic intrabagal IOL implanted in uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery.Results.Fifteen eyes (15 patients) were involved in this study. Preoperatively, meanlog⁡MARUDVA and CDVA were 0.88 ± 0.22 and 0.19 ± 0.13, respectively, with a mean follow-up of 28 months (range: 24 to 36 months). At the end of the follow-up, all eyes achievedlog⁡MARUDVA of 0.20 ± 0.12 with postoperative refraction ranging from 0.00 to −0.50 D of attempted emmetropia.Conclusions.Implantation of the second sulcus SensarAR40 IOL was found to be safe, easy, and simple technique for management of ametropia following uncomplicated phacoemulsification.
Performance of an M/M/1 Retrial Queue with Working Vacation Interruption and Classical Retrial Policy
Authors: Li Tao , Zhang Liyuan , Gao Shan
Published: May 2016

An M/M/1 retrial queue with working vacation interruption is considered. Upon the arrival of a customer, if the server is busy, it would join the orbit of infinite size. The customers in the orbit will try for service one by one when the server is idle under the classical retrial policy with retrial ratenα, wherenis the size of the orbit. During a working vacation period, if there are customers in the system at a service completion instant, the vacation will be interrupted. Under the stable condition, the probability generating functions of the number of customers in the orbit are obtained. Various system performance measures are also developed. Finally, some numerical examples and cost optimization analysis are presented.
Enhanced SDIoT Security Framework Models
Authors: Choi Seongho , Kwak Jin
Published: May 2016

Following the recent increase in the interest in IoT (Internet of Things) environment, devices that provide various services are being developed. As the diversity, research is required for efficient management of these devices and enhanced security. Previous network environments tend to be dependent on network devices and have difficulties in active processing of variable traffic. Moreover, it is expected that new or variant attacks will increase as packets of various patterns are generated from numerous devices, and hence immense research effort is required in solving this problem. In order to address such problems, this study aims to investigate strategies for establishing a security framework for the configuration of a software-defined IoT environment and efficient provision of security services. Moreover, the service to reduce the overhead involved in security service provision is configured, and a simple test is conducted to verify the feasibility of the proposed model.
Dual-Resonant Implantable Circular Patch Antenna for Biotelemetry Communication
Authors: Li Rongqiang , Xiao Shaoqiu
Published: May 2016

A compact broadband implantable circular patch antenna is designed and experimentally demonstrated for Medical Implant Communications Service (MICS) band (402–405 MHz). Compared with other similar implantable antennas, the proposed antenna incorporates three advantages for biotelemetry communication. First, it can realize a broad impedance bandwidth by exhibiting dual resonances. Second, it can obtain a compact structure by introducing two arc-shaped slots, a rectangular slot and a circular slot on metal radiating patch. Finally, it can display a friendly shape by using a circular structure. The proposed antenna occupies a volume of about 431.5 mm3(10.42× 1.27π mm3), which is a compromise between miniaturization and bandwidth. The measured −10 dB impedance bandwidth is 55 MHz (385–440 MHz). Furthermore, the radiation performance and human body safety consideration of the antenna are examined and characterized.
Solid-State Nanopore-Based DNA Sequencing Technology
Authors: Liu Zewen , Wang Yifan , Deng Tao , Chen Qi
Published: May 2016

The solid-state nanopore-based DNA sequencing technology is becoming more and more attractive for its brand new future in gene detection field. The challenges that need to be addressed are diverse: the effective methods to detect base-specific signatures, the control of the nanopore’s size and surface properties, and the modulation of translocation velocity and behavior of the DNA molecules. Among these challenges, the realization of the high-quality nanopores with the help of modern micro/nanofabrication technologies is a crucial one. In this paper, typical technologies applied in the field of solid-state nanopore-based DNA sequencing have been reviewed.
A Universal Description of Pseudorapidity Distributions in Both Nucleus-Nucleus and p-p Collisions at Currently Available Energies
Authors: Jiang Z. J. , Deng H. P. , Huang Y.
Published: May 2016

Investigations have shown that the collective motion appears not only in nucleus-nucleus but also in p-p collisions. The best tool for depicting such collective motion is relativistic hydrodynamics. In this paper, the collective motion is assumed to obey the hydrodynamic model which integrates the features of Landau and Hwa-Bjorken theory and is one of a very few analytically solvable models. The fluid is then supposed to freeze out into charged particles from a space-like hypersurface with a fixed time oftFO. The investigations of present paper show that this part of charged particles together with leading particles, which, by conventional definition, carry on the quantum numbers of colliding nucleons and take away the most part of incident energy, can give a proper universal description to the pseudorapidity distributions of charged particles measured in both nucleus-nucleus and p-p collisions at currently available energies.
Spontaneous Eruption of Premolar Associated with a Dentigerous Cyst
Authors: de Carvalho Irla Karlinne Ferreira , Luna Anibal Henrique Barbosa
Published: May 2016

Dentigerous cyst (DC) is the second most common odontogenic cyst with greater incidence in young patients. It presents as a unilocular, asymptomatic radiolucency involving the crown of an impacted tooth, commonly noticed in X-rays to investigate absence, wrong tooth position, or delay in the chronology of eruption. Decompression/marsupialization (D/M) is the most implemented treatment, especially when preserving the tooth involved is advised. The aim of this study is to discuss the DC characteristics that contribute to spontaneous eruption of premolars, by reporting the case of a conservative treatment of DC. This eruption depends on factors such as age, angulation of inclusion, rate of root formation, depth of inclusion, and eruption space. This paper reports the case of a 10-year-old patient with a radiolucent lesion diagnosed as DC involving element 35, which erupted as a result of treatment. The patient was observed during 1 year and 6 months.
Uniform Attractors for Nonclassical Diffusion Equations with Memory
Authors: Xie Yongqin , Li Yanan , Zeng Ye
Published: May 2016

We introduce a new method (or technique), asymptotic contractive method, to verify uniform asymptotic compactness of a family of processes. After that, the existence and the structure of a compact uniform attractor for the nonautonomous nonclassical diffusion equation with fading memory are proved under the following conditions: the nonlinearityfsatisfies the polynomial growth of arbitrary order and the time-dependent forcing termgis only translation-bounded inLloc2(R;L2(Ω)).
An Online Multisensor Data Fusion Framework for Radar Emitter Classification
Authors: Zhou Dongqing , Wang Xing , Cheng Siyi , Zhang Xi
Published: May 2016

Radar emitter classification is a special application of data clustering for classifying unknown radar emitters in airborne electronic support system. In this paper, a novel online multisensor data fusion framework is proposed for radar emitter classification under the background of network centric warfare. The framework is composed of local processing and multisensor fusion processing, from which the rough and precise classification results are obtained, respectively. What is more, the proposed algorithm does not need prior knowledge and training process; it can dynamically update the number of the clusters and the cluster centers when new pulses arrive. At last, the experimental results show that the proposed framework is an efficacious way to solve radar emitter classification problem in networked warfare.
Analysis and Numerical Simulation on the Reduction Effect of Stress Waves Caused by Water Jet Slotting Near Blasting Source
Authors: Su Dengfeng , Kang Yong , Li Dongyang , Wang Xiaochuan , Yan Fuwen
Published: May 2016

As one of the most serious “side effects” of blast excavation, blast-induced vibration must be controlled for existing buildings and human beings. This paper proposes a method for blast-induced vibration reduction with water jet assistance according to the cutting characters of low-noised, environment-friendly water jet. The mechanism of vibration-isolation with water jet assistance was analyzed, and the stress wave energy attenuation models were established based on blasting theory and stress wave theory. Influence law on shock wave attenuation by vibration-isolation slot was studied by numerical simulation. Simulation results agree with the theoretical analysis roughly. The results of this study put forward a method for blast-induced vibration near blasting source and provide a certain theoretical basis.
Adiponectin Inhibits LPS-Induced HMGB1 Release through an AMP Kinase and Heme Oxygenase-1-Dependent Pathway in RAW 264 Macrophage Cells
Authors: Elfeky Mohamed , Kaede Ryuji , Okamatsu-Ogura Yuko , Kimura Kazuhiro
Published: May 2016

High mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) is a late inflammatory mediator that exaggerates septic symptoms. Adiponectin, an adipokine, has potent anti-inflammatory properties. However, possible effects of adiponectin on lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced HMGB1 release are unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of full length adiponectin on HMGB1 release in LPS-stimulated RAW 264 macrophage cells. Treatment of the cells with LPS alone significantly induced HMGB1 release associated with HMGB1 translocation from the nucleus to the cytosol. However, prior treatment with adiponectin suppressed LPS-induced HMGB1 release and translocation. The anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin- (IL-) 10 similarly suppressed LPS-induced HMGB1 release. Adiponectin treatment decreased toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mRNA expression and increased heme oxygenase- (HO-) 1 mRNA expression without inducing IL-10 mRNA, while IL-10 treatment decreased TLR2 and HMGB1 mRNA expression and increased the expression of IL-10 and HO-1 mRNA. Treatment with the HO-1 inhibitor ZnPP completely prevented the suppression of HMGB1 release by adiponectin but only partially inhibited that induced by IL-10. Treatment with compound C, an AMP kinase (AMPK) inhibitor, abolished the increase in HO-1 expression and the suppression of HMGB1 release mediated by adiponectin. In conclusion, our results indicate that adiponectin suppresses HMGB1 release by LPS through an AMPK-mediated and HO-1-dependent IL-10-independent pathway.
GST‐TAT‐SOD: Cell Permeable Bifunctional Antioxidant Enzyme—A Potential Selective Radioprotector
Authors: Pan Jianru , He Huocong , Su Ying , Zheng Guangjin , Wu Junxin , Liu Shutao , Rao Pingfan
Published: May 2016

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) fusion of TAT was proved to be radioprotective in our previous work. On that basis, a bifunctional recombinant protein which was the fusion of glutathione S‐transferase (GST), SOD, and TAT was constructed and named GST‐TAT‐SOD. Herein we report the investigation of the cytotoxicity, cell‐penetrating activity, and in vitro radioprotective effect of GST‐TAT‐SOD compared with wild SOD, single‐function recombinant protein SOD‐TAT, and amifostine. We demonstrated that wild SOD had little radioprotective effect on irradiated L‐02 and Hep G2 cells while amifostine was protective to both cell lines. SOD‐TAT or GST‐TAT‐SOD pretreatment 3 h prior to radiation protects irradiated normal liver cells against radiation damage by eliminating intracellular excrescent superoxide, reducing cellular MDA level, enhancing cellular antioxidant ability and colony formation ability, and reducing apoptosis rate. Compared with SOD‐TAT, GST‐TAT‐SOD was proved to have better protective effect on irradiated normal liver cells and minimal effect on irradiated hepatoma cells. Besides, GST‐TAT‐SOD was safe for normal cells and effectively transduced into different organs in mice, including the brain. The characteristics of this protein suggest that it may be a potential radioprotective agent in cancer therapy better than amifostine. Fusion of two antioxidant enzymes and cell‐penetrating peptides is potentially valuable in the development of radioprotective agent.
Pluripotency of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth for Tissue Engineering
Authors: Rosa Vinicius , Dubey Nileshkumar , Islam Intekhab , Min Kyung-San , Nör Jacques E.
Published: May 2016

Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are highly proliferative pluripotent cells that can be retrieved from primary teeth. Although SHED are isolated from the dental pulp, their differentiation potential is not limited to odontoblasts only. In fact, SHED can differentiate into several cell types including neurons, osteoblasts, adipocytes, and endothelial cells. The high plasticity makes SHED an interesting stem cell model for research in several biomedical areas. This review will discuss key findings about the characterization and differentiation of SHED into odontoblasts, neurons, and hormone secreting cells (e.g., hepatocytes and islet‐like cell aggregates). The outcomes of the studies presented here support the multipotency of SHED and their potential to be used for tissue engineering‐based therapies.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation after Surgery for Facial Injury
Authors: Ozaki Hisashi , Tachibana Hirohiko , Ishikawa Shigeo , Yusa Kazuyuki , Kitabatake Kenichirou , Iino Mitsuyoshi
Published: May 2016

A case of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) presenting after surgery for facial trauma associated with multiple facial bone fractures is described. With regard to the oral and maxillofacial region, DIC has been described in the literature following head trauma, infection, and metastatic disease. Until now, only 5 reports have described DIC after surgery for facial injury. DIC secondary to facial injury is thus rare. The patient in this case was young and had no medical history. Preoperative hemorrhage or postoperative septicemia may thus induce DIC.
Inhibition of Extracellular Calcium Influx Results in Enhanced IL-12 Production in LPS-Treated Murine Macrophages by Downregulation of the CaMKKβ-AMPK-SIRT1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Liu Xin , Wang Ning , Zhu Yuanfeng , Yang Yongjun , Chen Xiaoli , Fan Shijun , Chen Qian , Zhou Hong , Zheng Jiang
Published: May 2016

Activated macrophages are the primary sources of IL-12, a key cytokine bridging innate and adaptive immunity. However, macrophages produce low amounts of IL-12 upon stimulation and the underlying regulatory mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we found a new calcium-dependent mechanism that controlled IL-12 production in LPS-treated murine macrophages. First, LPS was demonstrated to induce extracellular calcium entry in murine peritoneal macrophages and inhibition of calcium influx resulted in marked enhancement in IL-12 production. Then, withdrawal of extracellular calcium was found to suppress CaMKKβand AMPK activation triggered by LPS while chemical inhibition or genetic knockdown of these two kinases augmented LPS induced IL-12 production. AMPK activation increased the NAD+/NADH ratio and activated Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a NAD+-dependent deacetylating enzyme and negative regulator of inflammation. Chemical inhibitor or siRNA of SIRT1 enhanced IL-12 release while its agonist suppressed IL-12 production. Finally, it was found that SIRT1 selectively affected the transcriptional activity of NF-κB which thereby inhibited IL-12 production. Overall, our study demonstrates a new role of transmembrane calcium mobilization in immunity modulation such that inhibition of calcium influx leads to impaired activation of CaMKKβ-AMPK-SIRT1 signaling pathway which lifts restriction on NF-κB activation and results in enhanced IL-12 production.
New Application’s Approach to Unified Power Quality Conditioners for Mitigation of Surge Voltages
Authors: Garcés Gomez Yeison Alberto , Toro García Nicolás , Hoyos Fredy E.
Published: May 2016

This paper outlines a new approach for the compensation of power systems presented through the use of a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) which compensates impulsive and oscillatory electromagnetic transients. The newly proposed control technique involves a dual analysis of the UPQC where the parallel compensator is modelled as a sinusoidal controlled voltage source, while the series compensator is modelled as a sinusoidal controlled current source, opposed to the traditional approach where the parallel and series compensators are modelled as current and voltage nonsinusoidal sources, respectively. Also a new compensation algorithm is proposed through the application of the theory of generalized reactive power; this is then compared with the theory of active and reactive instantaneous power, orpqtheory. The results are presented by means of simulations in MATLAB-Simulink®.
Improved TV Algorithm Based on Adaptive Multiplier for Interference Hyperspectral Image Decomposition
Authors: Wen Jia , Wu Jun , Zhang Fang , Wei Ran , Xing Xianglei , Wang Cailing
Published: May 2016

Interference Hyperspectral Images (IHI) data acquired by Interference Hyperspectral Imaging Spectrometer exhibit many vertical interference stripes. The above characteristics will affect the application of dictionary learning and compressed sensing theory used on IHI data. According to the special characteristics of IHI data, many algorithms are proposed to separate the interference stripes layers and the background layers of IHI data in 2015, but the interference stripes layers are still not clean enough and the ideal background layers without interference stripes are also difficult to be obtained. In this paper, an improved total variation (TV) algorithm based on adaptive multiplier is proposed for IHI data decomposition. The value of the Lagrange multiplier is adaptive according to the unidirectional characteristics of IHI data. The proposed algorithm is used on Large Spatially Modulated Interference Spectral (LSMIS) images and is proved to provide better experimental results than the current algorithms both visually and quantitatively.
Long-Term Chronic Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia in Rats Causes an Imbalance in the Asymmetric Dimethylarginine/Nitric Oxide Pathway and ROS Activity: A Possible Synergistic Mechanism for Altitude Pulmonary Hypertension?
Authors: Lüneburg Nicole , Siques Patricia , Brito Julio , Arriaza Karem , Pena Eduardo , Klose Hans , Leon-Velarde Fabiola , Böger Rainer H.
Published: May 2016

Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) and chronic hypoxia (CH) are associated with high-altitude pulmonary hypertension (HAPH). Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), a NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor, may contribute to HAPH. This study assessed changes in the ADMA/NO pathway and the underlying mechanisms in rat lungs following exposure to CIH or CH simulated in a hypobaric chamber at 428 Torr. Twenty-four adult Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three groups: CIH2x2 (2 days of hypoxia/2 days of normoxia), CH, and NX (permanent normoxia), for 30 days. All analyses were performed in whole lung tissue. L-Arginine and ADMA were analyzed using LC-MS/MS. Under both hypoxic conditions right ventricular hypertrophy was observed (p<0.01) and endothelial NOS mRNA increased (p<0.001), but the phosphorylated/nonphosphorylated vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) ratio was unchanged. ADMA increased (p<0.001), whereas dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) activity decreased only under CH (p<0.05). Although arginase activity increased (p<0.001) and L-arginine exhibited no changes, the L-arginine/ADMA ratio decreased significantly (p<0.001). Moreover, NOX4 expression increased only under CH (p<0.01), but malondialdehyde (MDA) increased (up to 2-fold) equally in CIH2x2 and CH (p<0.001). Our results suggest that ADMA and oxidative stress likely reduce NO bioavailability under altitude hypoxia, which implies greater pulmonary vascular reactivity and tone, despite the more subdued effects observed under CIH.
Tuberculous Spondylitis following IntravesicalBacillusCalmette-Guerin for Bladder Cancer
Authors: Miyazaki Masashi , Yoshiiwa Toyomi , Ishihara Toshinobu , Kawano Masanori , Tsumura Hiroshi
Published: May 2016

We present a rare case of tuberculous spondylitis following intravesicalBacillusCalmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy for bladder cancer. An 82-year-old man presented with low back pain. Past medical history revealed bladder cancer diagnosed and treated 16 months previously by intravesical BCG. Magnetic resonance imaging of the thoracic spine showed destruction of the T5 and T6 vertebrae and an epidural soft tissue mass with anterior dural sac compression. Due to the progression of vertebral destruction, posterior spinal segmental fusion was performed.Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis)was identified using multiplex polymerase chain reaction of surgical tissue specimens. The patient was started on an antituberculosis treatment regimen including isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol. After surgery, his back pain resolved completely. At the latest examination, the patient was pain-free with no functional limitations or recurrent infection in clinical or imaging findings. Patients undergoing BCG therapy should be monitored for possible hematogenous spread of mycobacteria to the spine for months or even years after treatment.
Serotype Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance ofStreptococcus pneumoniaeIsolates Causing Invasive and Noninvasive Pneumococcal Diseases in Korea from 2008 to 2014
Authors: Kim Si Hyun , Bae Il Kwon , Park Dongchul , Lee Kyungmin , Kim Na Young , Song Sae Am , Kim Hye Ran , Jeon Ga Won , Urm Sang-Hwa , Shin Jeong Hwan
Published: May 2016

Introduction.Streptococcus pneumoniaeis an important pathogen with high morbidity and mortality rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of common serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility ofS. pneumoniaein Korea.Methods. A total of 378 pneumococcal isolates were collected from 2008 through 2014. We analyzed the serotype and antimicrobial susceptibility for both invasive and noninvasive isolates.Results. Over the 7 years, 3 (13.5%), 35 (10.8%), 19A (9.0%), 19F (6.6%), 6A (6.1%), and 34 (5.6%) were common serotypes/serogroups. The vaccine coverage rates of PCV7, PCV10, PCV13, and PPSV23 were 21.4%, 23.3%, 51.9%, and 62.4% in all periods. The proportions of serotypes 19A and 19F decreased and nonvaccine serotypes increased between 2008 and 2010 and 2011 and 2014. Of 378S. pneumoniaeisolates, 131 (34.7%) were multidrug resistant (MDR) and serotypes 19A and 19F were predominant. The resistance rate to levofloxacin was significantly increased (7.2%).Conclusion. We found changes of pneumococcal serotype and antimicrobial susceptibility during the 7 years after introduction of the first pneumococcal vaccine. It is important to continuously monitor pneumococcal serotypes and their susceptibilities.
Towards a Standard Psychometric Diagnostic Interview for Subjects at Ultra High Risk of Psychosis: CAARMS versus SIPS
Authors: Fusar-Poli P. , Cappucciati M. , Rutigliano G. , Lee T. Y. , Beverly Q. , Bonoldi I. , Lelli J. , Kaar S. J. , Gago E. , Rocchetti M. , Patel R. , Bhavsar V. , Tognin S. , Badger S. , Calem M. , Lim K. , Kwon J. S. , Perez J. , McGuire P.
Published: May 2016

Background. Several psychometric instruments are available for the diagnostic interview of subjects at ultra high risk (UHR) of psychosis. Their diagnostic comparability is unknown.Methods. All referrals to the OASIS (London) or CAMEO (Cambridgeshire) UHR services from May 13 to Dec 14 were interviewed for a UHR state using both the CAARMS 12/2006 and the SIPS 5.0. Percent overall agreement, kappa, the McNemar-Bowkerχ2test, equipercentile methods, and residual analyses were used to investigate diagnostic outcomes and symptoms severity or frequency. A conversion algorithm (CONVERT) was validated in an independent UHR sample from the Seoul Youth Clinic (Seoul).Results. There was overall substantial CAARMS-versus-SIPS agreement in the identification of UHR subjects (n=212, percent overall agreement = 86%; kappa = 0.781, 95% CI from 0.684 to 0.878; McNemar-Bowker test = 0.069), with the exception of the brief limited intermittent psychotic symptoms (BLIPS) subgroup. Equipercentile-linking table linked symptoms severity and frequency across the CAARMS and SIPS. The conversion algorithm was validated in 93 UHR subjects, showing excellent diagnostic accuracy (CAARMS to SIPS: ROC area 0.929; SIPS to CAARMS: ROC area 0.903).Conclusions. This study provides initial comparability data between CAARMS and SIPS and will inform ongoing multicentre studies and clinical guidelines for the UHR psychometric diagnostic interview.