bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Process Optimization and Digital Quality Improvement to Enhance Timely Initiation of Epidural Infusions and Postoperative Pain Control
Authors: Shah Aalap C. , Nair Bala G. , Spiekerman Charles F. , Bollag Laurent A.
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND:

Although intraoperative epidural analgesia improves postoperative pain control, a recent quality improvement project demonstrated that only 59% of epidural infusions are started in the operating room before patient arrival in the postanesthesia care unit. We evaluated the combined effect of process and digital quality improvement efforts on provider compliance with starting continuous epidural infusions during surgery.

METHODS:

In October 2014, we instituted 2 process improvement initiatives: (1) an electronic order queue to assist the operating room pharmacy with infusate preparation; and (2) a designated workspace for the storage of equipment related to epidural catheter placement and drug infusion delivery. In addition, we implemented a digital quality improvement initiative, an Anesthesia Information Management System–mediated clinical decision support, to prompt anesthesia providers to start and document epidural infusions in pertinent patients. We assessed anesthesia provider compliance with epidural infusion initiation in the operating room and postoperative pain-related outcomes before (PRE: October 1, 2012 to September 31, 2014) and after (POST: January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2016) implementation of the quality improvement initiatives.

RESULTS:

Compliance with starting intraoperative epidural infusions was 59% in the PRE group and 85% in the POST group. After adjustment for confounders and preintervention time trends, segmented regression analysis demonstrated a statistically significant increase in compliance with the intervention in the POST phase (odds ratio, 2.78; 95% confidence interval, 1.73–4.49; P < .001). In the PRE and POST groups, cumulative postoperative intravenous opioid use (geometric mean) was 62 and 34 mg oral morphine equivalents, respectively. A segmented regression analysis did not demonstrate a statistically significant difference (P = .38) after adjustment for preintervention time trends.

CONCLUSIONS:

Process workflow optimization along with Anesthesia Information Management System–mediated digital quality improvement efforts increased compliance to intraoperative epidural infusion initiation. Adjusted for preintervention time trends, these findings coincided with a statistically insignificant decrease in postoperative opioid use in the postanesthesia care unit during the POST phase.
Repetitive Head Impacts in Football Do Not Impair Dynamic Postural Control
Authors: BUCKLEY THOMAS A. , OLDHAM JESSIE R. , WATSON DANIEL J. , MURRAY NICHOLAS G. , MUNKASY BARRY A. , EVANS KELSEY M.
Published: August 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of repetitive head impacts experienced by football players compared to noncontact athletes on dynamic postural control during both single-task (ST) and dual-task (DT) conditions.

Methods

Thirty-four football players wearing accelerometer instrumented helmets and 13 cheerleaders performed a dynamic postural control battery, consisting of ST and DT gait initiation, gait, and gait termination, both prior to and following the football season. A 2 (group) × 2 (time) repeated measures ANOVA compared performance across 32 dynamic postural outcomes. A linear regression was performed on postural control change scores with common head impact kinematics serving as the independent variables.

Results

The football players experienced a mean of 538.1 ± 409.1 head impacts in the season with a mean linear acceleration of 27.8g ± 3.2g. There were no significant interactions for any of the ST or DT dynamic postural control tasks. There was a significant relationship between head impact kinematics and the lateral center of pressure displacement during the anticipatory postural adjustment phase (r
2 = 0.26, P = 0.010) and transitional phase (r
2 = 0.511, P = 0.042) during ST gait initiation. For both measures, the number of impacts exceeding 98g was the only significant predictor of decreased center of pressure displacement.

Conclusions

A single competitive football season did not adversely affect dynamic postural control when comparing football players to cheerleaders who do not experience repetitive head impacts. Furthermore, there were limited relationships with head impact kinematics suggesting that a single season of football does not adversely affect most outcome measures of instrumented dynamic postural control. These findings are consistent with most studies which fail to identify clinical differences related to repetitive head impacts.
The Role of the Midfoot in Drop Landings
Authors: OLSEN MARK T. , BRUENING DUSTIN A. , JOHNSON A. WAYNE , RIDGE SARAH T.
Published: August 2018

Purpose

The midfoot is instrumental to foot function; however, quantifying its roles in human movement has been difficult. A forceful dynamic activity like landing may help elucidate the midfoot’s contribution to foot energetics and function. The main purpose of this study was to measure midtarsal joint kinematics and kinetics during a barefoot single-leg landing task. A secondary aim of this study was to explore the relationship between static foot posture and dynamic midfoot function.

Methods

In a cross-sectional study design, 48 females (age = 20.4 ± 1.8 yr, body mass index = 21.6 ± 1.7 kg·m−1) performed drop landings from a height of 0.4 m onto split force platforms. Subjects hung from wooden rings and landed on their dominant leg. Midtarsal joint kinematic and kinetic data were recorded using a 14-camera optical motion capture system in conjunction with two in-ground force platforms and a custom kinetic three-segment foot model. Foot structure was measuring using the arch height index (AHI) and the static midtarsal joint angle from motion capture.

Results

Kinematic data revealed an average sagittal plane midtarsal joint range of motion of 27° through the landing phase. Kinetic data showed that between 7% and 22% of the total lower extremity joint, work during the landing was performed by the midtarsal joint. Both standing AHI and static midtarsal joint angle (static MA) were correlated with sagittal plane midtarsal joint range of motion (standing AHI: r = −0.320, P = 0.026; static MA: r = 0.483, P < 0.001) and with midtarsal joint work (standing AHI: r = 0.332, P = 0.021; static MA: r = −0.323, P = 0.025).

Conclusion

The midfoot contributes substantially to landing mechanics during a barefoot single-leg landing task. Static foot posture measures have limited value in predicting midfoot kinematics and kinetics during sportlike landings.
Reconstitution of mammalian cleavage factor II involved in 3′ processing of mRNA precursors
Authors: Schäfer Peter , Tüting Christian , Schönemann Lars , Kühn Uwe , Treiber Thomas , Treiber Nora , Ihling Christian , Graber Anne , Keller Walter , Meister Gunter , Sinz Andrea , Wahle Elmar
Published: August 2018

Cleavage factor II (CF II) is a poorly characterized component of the multiprotein complex catalyzing 3′ cleavage and polyadenylation of mammalian mRNA precursors. We have reconstituted CF II as a heterodimer of hPcf11 and hClp1. The heterodimer is active in partially reconstituted cleavage reactions, whereas hClp1 by itself is not. Pcf11 moderately stimulates the RNA 5′ kinase activity of hClp1; the kinase activity is dispensable for RNA cleavage. CF II binds RNA with nanomolar affinity. Binding is mediated mostly by the two zinc fingers in the C-terminal region of hPcf11. RNA is bound without pronounced sequence-specificity, but extended G-rich sequences appear to be preferred. We discuss the possibility that CF II contributes to the recognition of cleavage/polyadenylation substrates through interaction with G-rich far-downstream sequence elements.
Is It Possible to Teach Creativity?
Authors: Виноградова Наталья , Vinogradova Natalya
Published: August 2018

The article analyzes the views of psychologists and educators on the development of children’s creativity. The conditions that ensure the successful creative activity of the younger schoolchild are revealed. Examples of educational dialogues that contribute to the accumulation of experience in the perception of works of art by children, as well as tasks that stimulate the creative activity of primary school pupils are given.
Socio-economic conditionality of modern landshaftnaja developed areas
Authors: Романова Елена , Romanova Elena
Published: August 2018

The features of modern landscape Genesis at the regional level in the mainstream of social geography are investigated. A synthetic indicator of socio-economic conditionality of modern landscape Genesis is proposed and on its basis zoning of the territory of Europe, the Baltic macroregion and the South-Eastern Baltic is carried out.
Addressed to researchers, graduate students, students of geographical specialties.
O ensino de história e cultura indígena e afro-brasileira: mudanças e desafios de uma década de obrigatoriedade
Authors: Moraes Renata Figueiredo , Campos Sabrina Machado
Published: August 2018

O texto pretende fazer um balanço sobre as mudanças e os desafios da implementação das leis nº 10639 (2003) e nº11645 (2008), que estabeleceu a obrigatoriedade do ensino de história e cultura africana, afrobrasileira e indígena em todo o currículo escolar da educação básica. Para tal, foram analisados materiais didáticos do ensino médio e um questionário respondido pelos alunos da graduação em história da UERJ. Assim, foi percebido que, apesar de mais de uma década das legislações, elas ainda não são contempladas nos currículos escolares de modo satisfatório, assim como nos materiais de apoio, como os livros didáticos. Nesse sentido, apesar de reconhecer a relevância das leis, é importante salientar que os atores envolvidos - professores, movimentos sociais, alunos, universidades- precisam pressionar e acompanhar sua aplicabilidade, um vez que a sua implementação contribuiria para combater o racismo, o preconceito,  a discriminação, os estereótipos, com o objetivo de construir uma escola/sociedade pautada no respeito à diversidade e à pluralidade.
A Lei 11.645/2008 e os indígenas nos livros didáticos de História do Ensino Médio
Authors: Busolli Jonathan , Laroque Luís Fernando da Silva
Published: August 2018

A Lei 11.645/2008 foi promulgada com o objetivo de promover o ensino da história das populações indígenas e afro-brasileiras no sistema de ensino do país. Assim, o presente estudo tem como objetivo levantar como a questão indígena é abordada nos livros didáticos a partir da análise de sete coleções de livros didáticos do componente curricular de História do ensino médio, parte do PNLD/2013. O referencial teórico está embasado em autores que discutem o ensino de história indígena e o uso dos livros didáticos nas aulas de História. A metodologia é qualitativa com a análise dos dados levantados. Como resultados, aponta-se que os livros do PNLD/2013 analisados ainda carecem, em grande parte, de uma abordagem sobre as populações indígenas que se distancie das generalizações e promova o fim de preconceitos para com os indígenas.
Reharmonization and recontextualization in Kanye West’s ‘Famous’
Authors: Hein Ethan
Published: August 2018

The author demonstrates the musical richness of Kanye West’s song ‘Famous’, describing its dense interplay of rhythms, harmonies, timbres, vocal styles and nested chains of intertextual reference. Hip-hop is at odds with the performance-oriented traditions of American music education. By developing an appreciation for this producer-driven art form, educators can find ways to make their own practice more culturally relevant and open to student creativity. Students can approach cultural artefacts and texts the way that producers approach recorded music, looking for fragments that could be appropriated and repurposed to form the basis of new works.
Hip-Hop authenticity and music education: Confronting the concept of keeping it real
Authors: Kruse Adam J.
Published: August 2018

The growing area of Hip-Hop pedagogy scholarship contains many meaningful implications and possibilities for music education. However, Hip-Hop’s fervent emphasis on authenticity (i.e. keeping it real) may cause music educators and students alike to view inclusions of Hip-Hop in school settings with a healthy dose of scepticism. Is a music classroom capable of keeping it real? Conceptualizing authenticity as a static condition or set of characteristics may impede the intentions of educators and does not reflect the complicated and contested nature of Hip-Hop authenticity. Viewing authenticity as an action offers more nuanced and meaningful examinations of Hip-Hop cultures and provides discursive and performative spaces for students and teachers to experience the possibilities of Hip-Hop pedagogies. In this article, the author demonstrates the complexity of Hip-Hop authenticity and offers ways forward for music educators interested in including Hip-Hop in school music settings.
Hip-Hop pedagogy as production practice: Reverse-engineering the sample-based aesthetic
Authors: Exarchos (A.K.A. Stereo Mike) Michail
Published: August 2018

Hip-hop music practice contains a rich matrix of creative methods within its paradigm, which can inform and inspire music production pedagogy. The techno-artistic trajectory of rap production consists of numerous performing, engineering and production phases, while it may also involve self-contained developmental practices, such as the creation of intermediate content for sampling. The well-documented issues affecting phonographic sampling have given rise to alternative approaches, inviting both live musicianship and a dependence on synthesized sonics within hip-hop practice. As a hybrid production vehicle par excellence, Hip-Hop provides a fertile context for the application of diverse techniques in pursuit of inter-stylistic aesthetics. The article explores the spectrum of creative opportunities that lie between live performance, sample-based processes and notions of ‘composition’ as encompassed within the hip-hop paradigm. The aim is to identify under-represented aspects of contemporary music production and unexploited synergies in popular music curricula that may benefit from further integration.
Hip hop and music education: Where is race?
Authors: Hess Juliet
Published: August 2018

Engagement with hip hop – a cultural form that emerged from Black communities in New York City in the 1970s (Chang 2005) – as White listeners, musicians, educators and researchers requires asking thoughtful questions about race, racism and power. This introduction considers ethical issues that may arise from hip hop pedagogy and scholarship and explores the imperative to grapple with Whiteness when centring hip hop in our praxis. Power relations intricately shape hip hop education and hip hop research; as such, developing a practice of questioning and ‘second guessing’ ourselves as educators and researchers may allow us to develop an ethical practice for engaging with hip hop that centres race, racism and Whiteness, and refuses to reinscribe structural racist and salvationist power relations.
Peran Bilas Surfaktan pada Neonatus Aterm dengan Sindrom Aspirasi Mekonium
Authors: Rohsiswatmo Rinawati , Kautsar Ahmad
Published: August 2018

Latar belakang. Sindrom aspirasi mekonium ditandai dengan gejala distres napas pada neonatus yang lahir dengan cairan amnion terwarna meconium dengan gejala radiologis yang khas. Mekonium dapat menghambat aktivitas dari komponen surfaktan endogen dan dapat menurunkan produksi surfaktan. Pemberian surfaktan secara bolus dapat mengganti surfaktan endogen yang telah ter-inaktivasi oleh asam lemak yang terdapat pada mekonium, sedangkan bilas paru dengan surfaktan dipercaya dapat membuang mekonium yang tersisa di jalan napas.Tujuan. Mengetahui efektivitas dari bilas surfaktan pada neonatus aterm dengan sindrom aspirasi mekoniumMetode. Penelusuran pustaka database elektronik : Pubmed dan CochraneHasil. Bilas surfaktan dapat menurunkan angka kematian dan penggunaan ECMO dengan RR 0,33 (IK 0,11-0,96). Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna dalam hal kejadian pneumotoraks (RR 0,38 IK 0,08-1,90). Bradikardi dan desaturasi dapat ditemukan sebagai efek samping.Kesimpulan. Bilas surfaktan bermanfaat dalam menurunkan angka kematian pada bayi dengan SAM. Efek samping bilas surfaktan terjadi sementara yaitu hipoksemia dan bradikardi dan dapat kembali normal.
La construction sociale du droit aujourd’hui: enjeux et modalités perspectives environnementales et au-delà
Authors: Pomade Adelie Marie Andree
Published: August 2018

La fabrication du droit par la société est aujourd’hui plus qu’une hypothèse. Il s’agit d’une certitude, d’une réalité. La société inspire les cadres théoriques du droit par la revendication de ses valeurs et de sa pratique. Elle en modèle le contenu et les processus par la mise en avant de ses droits fondamentaux et de ses savoirs et expériences. Cette construction s’accélère par la rencontre de la Science et de la société ou encore par le croisement d’enjeux écologiques et économiques. Elle est ancrée dans une volonté commune de prendre son destin en main. Le droit ainsi produit entraîne une reconfiguration du rôle de l’autorité publique dans sa mission de régulation des comportements, et l’avènement de nouveaux modèles de régulation sociale et politique issus d’une réappropriation de la chose juridique par nos sociétés contemporaines.
EEG Responses to Shamanic Drumming. Does the Suggestion of Trance State Moderate the Strength of Frequency Components?
Authors: Konopacki Mateusz , Madison Guy
Published: August 2018

One of the techniques used to induce trance state in shamanic ceremonies is monotonous drumming. According to previous EEG research, certain patterns of drumming cause an increase in power of alpha and theta frequencies of the listener. Present study aimed to determine, if suggestion to experience trance state could increase the relative alpha and theta amplitude and the intensity of experienced state. A group of twenty-four subjects participated in the study. Suggestion to experience trance state decreased alpha frequency power during the drumming condition. No other significant effects of suggestion or drumming were found.
Newborns’ Cranial Vault: Clinical Anatomy and Authors’ Perspective
Authors: Hegazy Abdelmonem A. , Hegazy Mohammad A.
Published: August 2018

Cranial vault is the case surrounding the brain. Its structure differs in newborns than in adults in some aspects. Such differences should be clear for both health and family members. Moreover, the anatomy and embryology of fetal skull take a little attention in the previous literature and textbooks. Therefore, this short review aimed to clarify some aspects of anatomy and clinical importance of cranial vault features in newborns. The newborn vault is formed of multiple separate flat bones connected by fibrous tissues with wide soft gaps called fontanelles. Development of bones of skull vault is closely correlated with the expanding growth of the underlying brain. Such brain shouldn't be struggled by continuous tightening of the newborns' vault. Also, the newborn skull could be affected even by a fixed sleeping position.
Industrial and Biotechnological Applications of Algae: A Review
Authors: Sharma Poonam , Sharma Nivedita
Published: August 2018

Algae are a class of photosynthetic organisms found in both marine and freshwaters habitats. As these organisms have a short doubling time, they are considered among fastest growing creatures. They have different pathways to fix atmospheric carbon dioxide and to efficiently utilize the nutrients to convert it into biomass. In few years, a focus has been shifted towards these organisms due to their food and fuel production capability. In fuel industry algae biofuels have been emerged as a clean, nature friendly, cost effective solution to other fuels. Algae fuels are categorized into bio-ethanol, biogas, bio-hydrogen, biodiesel and bio-oil. Algae as a food have been explored for different applications as in production of single cell proteins, pigments, bioactive substances, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. The present review has been prepared to throw a light on enormous applications of algae as food and fuel and also to provide some information about different commercially available algae products.
Morpho-Anatomical and Physicochemical Standardization of Diospyros malabarica (Desr.) Kostel Stem Bark
Authors: Gupta Prakash Chandra , Kar Ashish , Sharma Nisha , Sethi Nikunj , Saharia Dipankar , Goswami Naba Kr.
Published: August 2018

Diospyros malabarica (Desr.) Kostel synonym Diospyros peregrina Gurke (Family: Ebenaceae) is a medium sized evergreen tree commonly known as Kendu in Assamese. The plant has ethnomedicinal significance and used by various ethnic communities of North-East India to treat various disorders like dysentery, diabetes, diarrhea malaria, ulcer and wounds. However, detailed scientific information is not available to identify the plant material, in order to ascertain its quality and purity. Therefore, the present work was carried out to perform morpho-anatomical and physicochemical analysis of D. malabarica stem bark. The bark is externally dark brown to black in color and rough having characteristics odor and astringent taste. The microscopy of bark reveals the presence of polygonal thick walled cork, 3-4 layered phellogen, 7-8 layered phelloderm, stone cells, phloem fibers and medullary rays. Stem bark powder showed thick walled cork cells, thick walled elongated phloem fibers, lignified stone cells and rhomboidal crystals of calcium oxalate. Further, physicochemical analysis of the bark power showed loss on drying, total ash, water soluble ash, and acid insoluble ash as 6.2, 5.6, 1.1, 2.45, and 5.7% w/w respectively. The alcohol and water soluble extractives values of the stem bark were 10.6 and 16.8% w/w respectively. The result of preliminary phytochemical screening indicates presence of triterpenoids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids and sterols. The findings of this study will facilitate pharmacognostic standardization of the plant material and aid in the preparation of an herbal monograph for the species.
Peculiarities of night EEG-monitoring of sleep in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus depending on the glycemia level
Authors: Demyanenko Alexandra N. , Alimova Irina L.
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND: The patterns of bioelectric activity of the brain in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus are being actively studied. A recent study of changes in brain bioelectric activity during sleep in children with diabetes mellitus was done without monitoring changes in the level of glycaemia in real time. The current study was conducted with concurrent monitoring of EEG in sleep and glycaemia.
AIM: To study the results of night time EEG monitoring of sleep in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus depending on the level of glycaemia.
METHODS: This study included 20 children (1017 years of age) with type 1 diabetes. All patients received continuous monitoring of glycaemia and night time EEG of sleep for 9 h.
RESULTS: Absence of pathological changes was more often observed in patients with optimal glycaemic indices (n = 9) compared with patients with hypoglycaemic periods (n = 0) (P = 0.011, Fisher exact test) and hyperglycaemia (n = 3) (P = 0.0011, Fisher exact test). Light paroxysmal disturbances (high-amplitude bilateral flares during theta waves in stages 12 of sleep) were more often recorded in patients during periods of hypoglycaemia (n = 3) compared with periods of optimal glycaemia (n = 1) (P = 0.032, Fisher exact test). The hypersynchronous rhythm was also more often detected in patients during periods of hypoglycaemia (n = 3) compared with optimal glycaemia (n = 1) (P = 0.032, Fisher exact test). ECG potentials were more often recorded in hypoglycaemia (n = 4) compared with optimal glycaemia (n = 2) (P = 0.011, Fisher exact test) and hyperglycaemia (n = 3) (P = 0.005, Fisher exact test). The interrelation of brain bioelectric activity and glycaemic indices was seen in patients with hypoglycaemia (positive correlation) and at optimal glycaemia (negative correlation). The highest correlation was seen between ECG potentials (r = +0.61, P 0.05), hypersynchronous rhythm (r = +0.40; P 0.05) and hypoglycaemia. Significant differences between the groups were obtained in the beta range (increase in amplitude and beta-rhythm index) by the spectral analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: Disturbance of the bioelectric activity of the brain is seen mainly in the hypoglycaemic state in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. This indicates the dysfunction of vegetative regulatory adaptation mechanisms, which can significantly increase the risk of severe hypoglycaemia.
Study of molecular basis of thyroid dysgenesis
Authors: Makretskaya Nina A. , Bezlepkina Olga B. , Kolodkina Anna A. , Kiyaev Alexey V. , Vasilyev Evgeny V. , Petrov Vasily M. , Chikulaeva Olga A. , Malievsky Oleg A. , Dedov Ivan I. , Tyulpakov Anatoliy N.
Published: August 2018

Congenital hypothyroidism is a heterogeneous group of diseases, which is manifested by loss of function of the thyroid gland that affects infants from birth. 80–85% of cases are due to different types of thyroid dysgenesis. 5 genes have been described that are involved in the pathogenesis of thyroid dysgenesis: TSHR, PAX8, FOXE1, NKX2-1, NKX2-5.
Aims. To evaluate the prevalence of mutations in the genes TSHR, PAX8, FOXE1, NKX2-1, NKX2-5 among patients with severe congenital hypothyroidism.
Materials and methods. 161 patients (64 boys, 97 girls) with congenital hypothyroidism (TSH levels at neonatal screening or retesting greater than 90 mU/l) were included in the study. 138 subjects had different variants of thyroid dysgenesis, and 23 patients had normal volume of the gland. A next generation sequencing was used for molecular-genetic analysis. Sequencing was performed using PGM semiconductor sequencer (Ion Torrent, Life Technologies, USA) and a panel “Hypothyroidism” (Custom DNA Panel). Assessment of the pathogenicity of sequence variants were carried out according to the latest international guidelines (ACMG, 2015).
Results. 13 patients had variants in thyroid dysgenesis genes (8,1%, 13/161): TSHR, n = 6; NKX2-1, n = 3; NKX2-5, n = 1; PAX8, n = 3; FOXE1, n = 0.
Conclusions. Mutations in thyroid dysgenesis genes are a rare pathology. The majority of variants among our patients were identified in TSHR.
Optimization conditions of alkaline protease production by Streptomyces sp.H1 isolated from red sea coastal region in submerged culture
Authors: A. A. Al-Zahrani Hind
Published: August 2018

A potent alkaline protease producing strain characterized and identified as Streptomyces sp. H1 was isolated from soil around red sea shore. The enzyme was produced extracellulary in submerged culture revealed maximum level during early stationary phase. Alkaline protease showed the highest activity at incubation time, pH and inoculum size of 3 days, 9 and 8% respectively. Among different carbon sources beet molasses gave a maximum production followed by starch, sucrose and fructose. High yield of protease production was noticed with casein followed by peptone, yeast extract and ammonium sulphate. Furthermore, it was optimized with 7g/l NaCl resulted in higher level of protease. Optimization of the process parameters resulted in about 3.4 fold increase in the alkaline protease. Partial purification of the crude enzyme was achieved by fractional precipitation using ammonium sulfate at 50% saturation. Due to the maximum production of protease in the presence of cheaper substrate as beet molasses, stability at alkaline pH 9 and temperature up to 70 oC besides salt tolerance make the strain and its enzyme useful in different industrial applications.Â Â
On the Importance of Wolves
Authors: O’Neill Kevin Lewis
Published: August 2018

What would it mean for pastoralism to be a matter of wolves rather than sheep? Across Guatemala City, Pentecostal drug rehabilitation centers provide one possible answer. These are onetime factories and apartment buildings that have been renovated for rehabilitation with razor wire and steel bars. Largely unregulated, these centers keep pace with Guatemala’s growing rapprochement with illicit drugs by holding drug users (often against their will) for months, sometimes for years. They also warehouse the mentally ill, whom the faithful call wolves (lobos). While Pentecostals understand these wolves as incapable of governing themselves, a mix of faith and pharmaceuticals has made this otherwise surplus population central to the management of populations. Providing a provocative counterexample to celebrated ethnographies that tell terrible tales of societies that let die rather than make live, this essay details how and to what effect pastors actively acquire rather than abandon these so-called wolves.
Profit analysis of pig farming in rural comunities in Minahasa Regency of North Sulawesi
Authors: Santa N. M. , Wantasen E.
Published: August 2018

The objective of this study was to analyze the factors influencing the profit of pig farms in rural communities in Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi based on output sales orientation for breeding stock and combination of breeding-fattening models. The research was conducted from July to December 2016, using survey method with multistage random sampling technique. The selected locations were three Districts of Sonder, Tombulu and Kakas based on the largest population of pigs involving randomly one hundred respondents. The variables were included profit, prices of corn, concentrate, bran, medicine, vitamin, animal housing depreciation, the number of piglets, farm experience and output sales orientation. Data were analyzed on the basis of unit output price Cobb-Douglas Profit Function using multiple linear regressions. Research showed that input prices of production factor and number of piglets were influenced profit (P<0.01). Partially, the input prices of corn, concentrate, bran, medicine, vitamins, output sales orientation, and the number of piglets influenced profit(P<0.01). Average profits of farm were IDR 942,823.70/month for breeding models and IDR 3,679,833.85/month for combination of breeding-fattening models, with average numbers of sows were 2.25 heads
Characteristic of different level of fermented concentrate in the rumen metabolism based on in vitro
Authors: Sari N. F. , Ridwan R. , Rohmatussolihat R. , Fidriyanto R. , Astuti W. D. , Widyastuti Y.
Published: August 2018

Digestibility is a description of the ability of feed material that can be utilized by livestock. Higher digestibility of feed material means the total amount of feed content that can be digested in the digestive tract. This study aimed to obtain the proportion of the use of fermentation concentrate in rumen fermentation based on in vitro. The feed used consisted of 7 treatments as follows P1 (20% Pennisetum purpureum: 80% concentrate), P2 (30% P.purpureum : 70% concentrate), P3 (40% P.purpureum : 60% concentrate), P4 (50% P.purpureum : 50% concentrate), P5 (20% concentrate: 80% P.purpureum), P6 (30% concentrate: 70% P.purpureum) and P7 (40% concentrate: 60% P.purpureum). Dry matter digestibility (DMD) and organic matter digestibility (OMD) were done using Theodorou method. Gas production was measured when the samples were incubated at 39oC in the waterbath incubator at hours 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, and 48. Approximately 0.75 g of feed formulation was mixed with 75 mL of rumen fluid buffer. The rumen fluid is taken from 3 fistulated cattles prior to morning feeding. A complete randomized design with three replicates was used. Asymptotic gas production and kinetics were estimated by the Orskov’s model. The results of this study showed that P2 and P3 treatment showed the best digestibility among others treatment with 71.63% ; 71.06% of DMD and 76.42% ; 71.65% of OMD. In conclusion, P2 and P3 treatment can be used as feed for beef cattle.
PERUBAHAN MORFOLOGI RUANG PADA SEGMEN I KORIDOR SIS AL-JUFRI KOTA PALU DAN FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHINYA
Authors: Wulandari Sri , Pradoto Wisnu
Published: August 2018

Berdasarkan RTRW Kota Palu Tahun 2010 – 2030, Koridor Sis Al-Jufri ditetapkan sebagai kawasan wisata religi dengan keberadaan Yayasan Pendidikan Al-Khairaat sebagai aktivitas utama. Keberadaan koridor ini juga terdapat berbagai aktivitas pendukung seperti aktivitas ekonomi / perdagangan, sosial kemasyarakatan dan kesehatan dan peribadatan. Dengan beragam aktivitas didalamnya, sehingga dapat menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan morfologi ruang pada koridor Sis Al-Jufri, seperti perubahan peruntukan lahan dari permukiman menjadi kawasan perdagangan dan jasa, terdapat beberapa bangunan hunian berubah fungsi menjadi bangunan komersial untuk kegiatan perdagangan dan jasa mengikuti tuntutan pasar. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis deskriptif digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi perubahan morfologi ruang yang terjadi pada koridor Sis Al-Jufri, analisis regresi logistik digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor sosial, faktor ekonomi dan faktor kebijakan terhadap perubahan morfologi ruang pada koridor Sis Al-Jufri. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah perubahan morfologi ruang yang terjadi di Koridor Sis Al-Jufri mengalami perubahan sebesar 34,46 % dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perubahan morfologi ruang pada Koridor Sis Al-Jufri saat ini secara signifikan adalah lama bermukim, kepemilikan bangunan, pekerjaan, kepemilikan IMB, dan pengaturan GSB.
A minimization approach to the wave equation on time-dependent domains
Authors: Dal Maso Gianni , De Luca Lucia
Published: August 2018

We prove the existence of weak solutions to the homogeneous wave equation on a suitable class of time-dependent domains. Using the approach suggested by De Giorgi and developed by Serra and Tilli, such solutions are approximated by minimizers of suitable functionals in space-time.
Bending of functionally graded plates via a refined quasi-3D shear and normal deformation theory
Authors: Zenkour Asharf M. , Alghanmi Rabab A.
Published: August 2018

Bending of functionally graded plate with two reverse simply supported edges is studied based upon a refined quasi three-dimensional (quasi-3D) shear and normal deformation theory using a third-order shape function. The present theory accounts for the distribution of transvers shear stresses that satisfies the free transverse shear stresses condition on the upper and lower surfaces of the plate. Therefore, the strain distribution does not include the unwanted influences of transverse shear correction factor. The effect of transverse normal strain is included. Unlike the traditional normal and shear deformation theories, the present theory have four unknowns only. The equilibrium equations are derived by using the principle of virtual work. The influence of material properties, aspect and side-to-thickness ratios, mechanical loads and inhomogeneity parameter are discussed. The efficiency and correctness of the present theory results are established by comparisons with available theories results.
New Geological, Palaeobotanical and Palynological Evidence of the Carboniferous from Brandov (Krušné Hory Mts., Czech Republic)
Authors: Šimůnek Zbyněk , Mlčoch Bedřich , Drábková Jana
Published: August 2018

Gas-pipeline construction around Brandov (Czech Republic) exposed pre Quaternary strata allowing more precise understanding of the regional geology. The crystalline rocks in the basement, near the Brandov Carboniferous Relict, belong to Sayda Dome rather than to the Hora Svaté Kateřiny (Katharinaberg) Dome. The lower Carboniferous unit (Westphalian – Moscovian) is of greater extent than previously estimated. In contrast, the upper unit, which is correlated with Stephanian (Kasimovian or Gzhelian) strata, is arealy less extensive than previously estimated and is devoid of fossil remains. An anthracite seam, in the lower unit, was discovered in the “North depth” some 1–1.3 km to the North from old mining activity of the “South depth”. The seam was accompanied by a flora dominated by cordaitaleans and sphenopsids (calamitaleans), and common lycopsids and ferns. Palynomorphs were isolated from mudstones for the first time and 36 genera and 51 species of miospores could be determined. A humic clayey layer was discovered in the Quaternary deposits whose palynological age is 500 – 100 years old.
Salivary peptide histatin 1 mediated cell adhesion: a possible role in mesenchymal-epithelial transition and in pathologies
Authors: van Dijk Irene A. , Veerman Enno C.I. , Reits Eric A.J. , Bolscher Jan G.M. , Stap Jan
Published: August 2018

Histatins are histidine-rich peptides present in the saliva of humans and higher primates and have been implicated in the protection of the oral cavity. Histatin 1 is one of the most abundant histatins and recent reports show that it has a stimulating effect on cellular adherence, thereby suggesting a role in maintaining the quality of the epithelial barrier and stimulating mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition. Here we summarize these findings and discuss them in the context of previous reports. The recent findings also provide new insights in the physiological functions of histatin 1, which are discussed here. Furthermore, we put forward a possible role of histatin 1 in various pathologies and its potential function in clinical applications.
People
Authors: Košta Jiří , Velemínský Petr , Svobodová Helena , Kuželka Vítězslav
Published: August 2018

The People exhibition will be composed of several closely interconnected expositions. The first will be the mainly biological-anthropological exposition Man and His Predecessors, which will continually transform into an archaeological and cultural-anthropological exposition Story of the Prehistoric Past. A smaller exhibition devoted to diseases and their treatment will form a standalone unit. The final exposition will be dedicated to Antique arts and culture. The exposition block will encompass the most comprehensive presentation of anthropology, prehistory and Antique material culture in the Czech lands. General patterns of humans, societies and culture will be presented through the development of man and Czech and European prehistory and Antiquity. Interlinking approaches of various disciplines will form the fundament for original and current presentations of individual topics. It will offer not only interpretations and conclusions, but it will also reveal the possibilities and limits of their study methods. The ratio of presentation forms will change throughout the individual parts of the exposition blocks. The visual focal point will pass from models, reconstructions, replicas and dioramas towards the impressive power of original exhibits.
Pantheon – between Idea and Mathematics
Authors: Stehlík Michal
Published: August 2018

The Pantheon has been the heart of the National Museum ever since its foundation. It was intended to serve the role of honouring personalities of Czech history, science, and culture. The composition of the busts and statues of represented personalities changed over time due to the current political and social situation. It was necessary to define its future form in the context of the renovation. In 2017, discussions of its composition raised the interest of the media and the public. Several possibilities of the new Pantheon were considered, the National Museum finally chose to return to the state of 1948 (55 busts and statues). The Pantheon gallery will exhibit the changes of the compositions throughout time.
A New National Museum for its Visitors
Authors: Kocichová Ivana
Published: August 2018

The closing of the Historical Building of the National Museum due to renovation meant a significant interference with not only statistics of the visiting rates but also with the functioning of the institution and its communication with the public. The closure was and still is most of all a great challenge with regards to not only the preparation of new expositions, the form of which is occasionally discussed in the media, but also with regards to a new style of communication with the public and visitor care. This challenge concerns the Historical Building, which will be gradually opened during the years 2018–2022, but also the whole institution of the National Museum.
Exhibition Policy of the National Museum 2017−2020
Authors: Stehlík Michal
Published: August 2018

The National Museum (NM) is preparing several temporary exhibitions in all of its buildings, along with preparing new permanent exhibitions in the New and Historical Buildings. All parts of the National Museum are incorporated in the preparation of new exhibitions, i.e. the Historical Museum, Natural History Museum, Czech Museum of Music, Náprstek Museum and the National Museum Library. In 2017, these exhibition projects are: Light and Life, Masaryk as a Phenomenon, and Indians. In 2018, the National Museum will present the Czech-Slovak / Slovak-Czech exhibition, which will reflect the 100th anniversary of the founding of Czechoslovakia, together with selected moments of Czechoslovakian history and the relationship of these two nations. 2019 could bring the opening of the grand Egyptology exposition Sun Kings and also new Natural history expositions. The remaining permanent expositions should be opened in 2020. The exhibitions in this period will likely recall some important anniversaries (1620, 1920). In future years, the renovation of the Czech Museum of Music and Náprstek Museum will take place.
Crystal structure of 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octakis(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)phthalocyanine - trichloromethane (1/2), C98H84Cl6N8O8
Authors: Xin Wang , Qingyun Liu , Liguo Yang , Nana Liu , Yongsheng Niu , Aimin Wei
Published: August 2018

C98H84Cl6N8O8, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.3431(3) Å, b = 16.1109(6) Å, c = 18.1405(7) Å, α = 109.242(4)°, β = 95.119(3)°, γ = 103.798(3)°, V = 2197.92(16) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0595, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1689, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of dimethyl 4,4′-oxydibenzoate, C16H14O5
Authors: Maxweel Lindley , Cárdenas Alejandro , Brito Iván
Published: August 2018

C16H14O5, Aba2 (no. 41), a = 7.4156(5) Å, b = 31.415(2) Å, c = 5.9451(4) Å, V = 1384.98(16) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0316, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0924, T = 297(2) K.
In vitro antagonism of five rhizobacterial species against athelia rolfsii collar rot disease in soybean
Authors: Safni Irda , Antastia Widya
Published: August 2018

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) influence plant growth by a number of direct (producing plant growth promoting substances) and indirect (through prevention of deleterious effects of phytopathogenic microorganisms) mechanisms. Five species of bacteria were isolated from rhizospheric soils of soybean and peanut fields from several locations in North Sumatra. On the basis of morphological and biochemical characteristics, the bacteria were identified as Aeromonas hydrophila, Burkholderia cepacia, Serratia ficaria, Pantoea spp. 2, and Vibrio alginolyticus. These species were tested in vitro against the causal pathogen of collar rot disease of soybean, Athelia rolfsii, which is an important soybean disease in Indonesia. The five species of bacteria were subjected to screening of antagonistic activities against A. rolfsii in vitro with a dual culture-technique. Of the five species, B. cepacia, S. ficaria and V. alginolyticus were the most effective antagonistic bacteria to control A. rolfsii. B. cepacia, S. ficaria and V. algynolitycus produced inhibiting zones against A. rolfsii of 98.35%, 97.83% and 96.97% respectively. All bacterial species showed their antagonistic activity significantly with the inhibiting zone percentage being more than 60%. The experimental results suggested that all bacterial species have a future potency as a biocontrol agent to reduce A. rolfsii collar rot disease of soybean
Differences between young and old users when interacting with a humanoid robot: a qualitative usability study
Authors: Feingold-Polak Ronit , Elishay Avital , Shahar Yonat , Stein Maayan , Edan Yael , Levy-Tzedek Shelly
Published: August 2018

With the aging of the population worldwide, humanoid robots are being used with an older population, e.g., stroke patients and people with dementia. There is a growing body of knowledge on how people interact with robots, but limited information on the difference between young and old adults in their preferences when interacting with humanoid robots and what factors influence these preferences.We developed a gamified robotic platform of a cognitive-motor task.We conducted two experiments with the following aims: to test how age, location of touch interaction (touching the robot’s tablet or hand), and embodied presence of a humanoid robot affect the motivation of different age-group users to continue performing a cognitive-motor task. A total of 60 participants (30 old adults and 30 young adults) took part in two experiments with the humanoid Pepper robot (Softbank robotics). Both old and young adults reported they enjoyed the interaction with the robot as they found it engaging and fun, and preferred the embodied robot over the non-embodied computer screen. This study highlights that in order for the experience of the user to be positive a personalization of the interaction according to the age, the needs of the user, the characteristics, and the pace of the task is needed.
Evaluation of multiple transducers implementation in a magnetoelectric vibration energy harvester
Authors: Naifar Slim , Bradai Sonia , Viehweger Christian , Choura Slim , Kanoun Olfa
Published: August 2018

A novel magnetoelectric (ME) vibration energy harvester employing magnetostrictive and piezoelectric laminate composite transducers is presented for potentially powering wireless sensor systems. The harvester consists of two four-layered Terfenol-D/PZT laminate composite and a magnetic circuit composed by two parallel magnetic springs and two rectangular magnets. The repulsive forces are realized by a magnetic spring for more robustness. In order to realize a high power density, a multiple transducer design with a lateral configuration is proposed. The magnetic flux density and the induced displacement in the magnetostrictive layers are investigated by finite element analysis to determine the optimal relative position of the twin transducers at the static equilibrium. Furthermore, the output characteristics of the harvester are experimentally studied and compared to the case when only a single transducer is used. The experimental results show that the twin lateral converter can provide a higher power outcome especially if operated at resonance. In addition, doubling the amplitude of vibration from 0.5 mm to 1 mm leads to a voltage output which is four times higher at resonance.
Improved Corrosion Resistance of Aluminum in 0.5 M HCl Solution using Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation
Authors: Deyab M. A. , El-Rehim S. S. Abd , El Moneim A. Abd , Hassan H. H.
Published: August 2018

In this paper, the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) was used to improve the corrosion resistance of aluminum in 0.5 M HCl solution. Influence of many factors such as the composition of electrolytes, time and inorganic additives on the performance of PEO process have been investigated. The surface morphology of PEO films was inspected using SEM, EDX and XRD analysis. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarization measurements were carried out to evaluate the corrosion resistance of aluminum. The hardness and reduced modulus of aluminum surface at different PEO process time were determined by nanoindenter measurements. The results showed that the best conditions for formation high efficient oxide layer on the aluminum surface during PEO process were carried out in 0.001 M NaOH electrolyte containing 9 × 10−5 M Na2WO4 for 5 min. The PEO process is able to inhibit uniform and pitting corrosion of aluminum in HCl solution. The surface morphology analysis showed that PEO process produce a highly resistant protective oxide layer, mainly composed of orthorhombic crystalline phase of α-Al2O3. This oxide characterized by its greater hardness.