bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating two-zero textures of inverse neutrino mass matrix under the lamp post of LMA and LMA-D solutions and symmetry realization
Authors: Singh Labh , Kashav Monal , Verma Surender
Published: September 2022

In this work we have investigated the phenomenological consequences of two-zero textures of inverse neutrino mass matrix ($$M_{\nu }^{-1}$$

M

ν

-
1

) in light of the large mixing angle (LMA) and large mixing angle-dark (LMA-D) solutions, later of which originates if neutrinos exhibit non-standard interactions with matter. Out of fifteen possibilities, only seven two-zero textures of $$M_{\nu }^{-1}$$

M

ν

-
1

are found to be phenomenologically allowed under LMA and/or LMA-D descriptions. In particular, five textures are in consonance with both LMA and LMA-D solutions and are necessarily CP violating while remaining two textures are found to be consistent with LMA solution only. The textures with vanishing (1, 1) element of $$M_{\nu }^{-1}$$

M

ν

-
1

are, in general, disallowed. All the textures allowed under LMA and LMA-D solutions follow the same neutrino mass hierarchy. Furthermore, textures with vanishing (2, 3) element of $$M_{\nu }^{-1}$$

M

ν

-
1

are found to be either disallowed or are consistent with LMA description only. We have, also, obtained the implication of the model for $$0\nu \beta \beta $$

0
ν
β
β

decay amplitude $$|M_{ee}|$$

|

M

ee

|

. For most of the textures the calculated $$3\sigma $$

3
σ

lower bound on $$|M_{ee}|$$

|

M

ee

|

is $$\mathcal {O}(10^{-2})$$

O
(

10

-
2

)

, which is within the sensitivity reach of $$0\nu \beta \beta $$

0
ν
β
β

decay experiments. We have, also, proposed a flavor model based on discrete non-Abelian flavor group $$A_4$$

A
4

wherein such textures of $$M_{\nu }^{-1}$$

M

ν

-
1

can be realized within Type-I seesaw setting.
Representation Learning Method with Semantic Propagation on Text-Augmented Knowledge Graphs
Authors: Wang Ling , Lu Jicang , Zhou Gang , Pan Hangyu , Zhu Taojie , Huang Ningbo , He Peng
Published: September 2022

Knowledge graph representation learning aims to provide accurate entity and relation representations for tasks such as intelligent question answering and recommendation systems. Existing representation learning methods, which only consider triples, are not sufficiently accurate, so some methods use external auxiliary information such as text, type, and time to improve performance. However, they often encode this information independently, which makes it challenging to fully integrate this information with the knowledge graph at a semantic level. In this study, we propose a method called SP-TAG, which realizes the semantic propagation on text-augmented knowledge graphs. Specifically, SP-TAG constructs a text-augmented knowledge graph by extracting named entities from text descriptions and connecting them with the corresponding entities. Then, SP-TAG uses a graph convolutional network to propagate semantic information between the entities and new named entities so that the text and triple structure are fully integrated. The results of experiments on multiple benchmark datasets show that SP-TAG attains competitive performance. When the number of training samples is limited, SP-TAG maintains its high performance, verifying the importance of text augmentation and semantic propagation.
Synthesis, In Silico, and Biological Applications of Novel Heteroleptic Copper (II) Complex of Natural Product-Based Semicarbazone Ligands
Authors: Muleta Fekadu , Desalegn Tegene
Published: September 2022

Recently, heteroleptic coordination between essential metallic elements with semicarbazone-based derivatives attracts more consideration for the varied ranges of bioactivities. Semicarbazone-based moiety holding azomethine (C=N) group become flexible ligands, forming stable complexes. Through a stirring and reflux technique, a novel heteroleptic complex of copper (II) was synthesized by reacting two semicarbazone-based derivative ligands, ortho-phthalaldehyde disemicarbazone (L1) and dehydrozingerone semicarbazone (L2), with copper chloride salt in 1 : 1 : 1 molar ratio. Magnetic moment measurement, elemental analyzer, thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis, and several spectroscopic techniques were applied to describe the prepared compounds. The disc diffusion and DPPH methods were actually used to investigate the antibacterial and antiradical potentials, respectively. The obtained data indicates the ligand (L1) has good mean inhibition zones on Staphylococcus aureus (12.42 ± 0.00 mm) and S. pyogenes (11.64 ± 0.12 mm) bacteria. The heteroleptic [Cu(L1) (L2)] complex displayed higher antibacterial actions (13.67 ± 0.52 mm) on Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria. The [Cu(L1) (L2)] complex also shows better antiradical potential (63.7%). Furthermore, the docking result of prepared compounds on S. aureus gyrase confirms the ligands (L1 and L2) and the complex potential molecules possess the smallest binding potential of −8.0 to −8.4 kcal/mol. A higher value was achieved by [Cu(L1) (L2)] complex (−8.4 kcal/mol). Thus, this study indicates an insight towards combining semicarbazone form derivatives of natural source origin with a synthetic compound as ligands through metal coordination could enhance bioactivity.
Dynamics of COVID‐19 Using SEIQR Epidemic Model
Authors: Avinash N. , Britto Antony Xavier G. , Alsinai Ammar , Ahmed Hanan , Rexma Sherine V. , Chellamani P.
Published: September 2022

The major goal of this study is to create an optimal technique for managing COVID‐19 spread by transforming the SEIQR model into a dynamic (multistage) programming problem with continuous and discrete time‐varying transmission rates as optimizing variables. We have developed an optimal control problem for a discrete‐time, deterministic susceptible class (S), exposed class (E), infected class (I), quarantined class (Q), and recovered class (R) epidemic with a finite time horizon. The problem involves finding the minimum objective function of a controlled process subject to the constraints of limited resources. For our model, we present a new technique based on dynamic programming problem solutions that can be used to minimize infection rate and maximize recovery rate. We developed suitable conditions for obtaining monotonic solutions and proposed a dynamic programming model to obtain optimal transmission rate sequences. We explored the positivity and unique solvability nature of these implicit and explicit time‐discrete models. According to our findings, isolating the affected humans can limit the danger of COVID‐19 spreading in the future.
Large-Slenderness-Ratio Supersonic Aircraft Lateral–Directional Coupling Dynamics Analysis and Control
Authors: Lyu Huitao , Gong Zheng , Chen Yongliang , Chen Wanli , Wang Wenjian
Published: September 2022

Large-slenderness-ratio aircraft in which a large portion of the aircraft’s mass is concentrated along its centreline face the problem of severe lateral-directional coupling. Previous research has not fully considered the inertia product when conducting stability analyses of such aircraft. However, neglecting the inertia product may threaten the safety of the aircraft during high-speed flight. This paper investigates the effect of the inertia product on the lateral–directional stability. Two methods, one based on eigenstructure assignment (EA) and the other based on an extended state observer (ESO), are developed for the lateral–directional decoupling of a research large-slenderness-ratio aircraft. Simulation results show that both methods can realize decoupling control. The EA-based control achieves better decoupling performance, whereas the ESO-based control has an advantage in terms of disturbance rejection. Finally, the ESO-based attitude controller is validated through a high subsonic flight test. The decoupling and tracking performance of the attitude control demonstrate the effectiveness and practicality of the ESO-based controller.
GA-GDEMATEL: A Novel Approach to Optimize Recruitment and Personnel Selection Problems
Authors: Nguyen Phi-Hung
Published: September 2022

The complexity of human resource management (HRM) requires an integrated method of subjective and objective evaluation rather than intuitive decisions such as multicriteria decision-making (MCDM). This study proposes a hybrid Genetic Algorithm and Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (GA-GDEMATEL)-based grey theory systems approach to solve personnel selection problems in a real-case study from a Vietnamese agriculture manufacturing and services corporation. First, the GDEMATEL approach is deployed to investigate the causal relationship between the proposed criteria and determine the subjective weights of recruitment criteria. Second, the GA model utilizes selection, crossover, and mutation with a new objective function of Minimizing Distance to Ideal Solution (MDIS) to find the optimal solution for robust recruitment based on GDEMATEL weights. Notably, the GA-GDEMATEL could be exploited effectively in a short time to optimize personnel selection in “deep and wide” aspects. Moreover, the study’s findings on recruiting evaluation and selection problems provide a support model and new research perspectives to the literature and help managers achieve the best solution by dealing with qualitative and quantitative criteria more effectively.
Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Prenatal Diagnosis of Choledochal Cysts: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Wu Huiying , Tian Jinsheng , Li Hehong , Liu Hongsheng , Liu Yutao , Lu Lianwei , Chen Xiwen , Zhang Xiaochun , Xu Wenbiao
Published: September 2022

Background. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of prenatal MRI in diagnosing choledochal cysts (CDC), evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of MRI signs in the diagnosis of fetal CDC, and first compare the trend of size of CC between prenatal and postpartum. Methods. A total of 18 fetal who were diagnosed with CDCs through prenatal MRI were enrolled in the study. We summarized and analyzed the prenatal clinical data and prognosis information of prenatal and postpartum surgery, then compared the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of various signs of MRI and postpartum MRCP diagnosis of CC. Finally, we tried to compare the earliest prenatal detection of common bile duct cysts with the size of surgery, and calculated the growth rate of common bile duct cysts for the first time. Results. All 18 patients were delivered in our institution. Among these patients, 14 were confirmed with CDCs after postpartum surgery, two patients had CDCs that disappeared, and two patients were confirmed with cystic biliary atresia (CBA) through the Kasai operation. Furthermore, 13 patients with CDCs and two patients with CBA underwent MRCP before the operation, and one patient with CDCs ruptured at birth and underwent ultrasound diagnosis. The sensitivity and diagnostic compliance of prenatal MRI signs for the location were higher when compared to postnatal MRCP (100% vs. 76.9% and 83.3% vs. 66.7%): the cyst was located at the porta hepatis, which was higher than the lowest edge of the liver, and parallel to the hepatoduodenal ligament. Conclusion. Prenatal MRI is higher than that of US for diagnosing CDCs, specifically in identifying the location of the cyst and confirming the origin of the cyst. The length, width, and size of the CDC become slightly bigger in our study.
Digital Economy’s Spatial Implications on Urban Innovation and Its Threshold: Evidence from China
Authors: Huang Xiaocheng , Zhou Jianjun , Zhou Yake
Published: September 2022

The digital economy has great potential to sustain China’s high‐quality economic growth and substantially strengthen urban innovation capacity. This paper developed a digital economy index using city‐level data from China and measured the level of urban innovation with patents per capita. We used a spatial econometric model to explore the spatial implications of the digital economy on urban innovation, probed into the mechanism by which the digital economy affects urban innovation, and further measured the spatial spillover distance and threshold of the digital economy on urban innovation. The findings suggest that China’s digital economy and urban innovation are characterized by spatial aggregation, and the spatial distribution varies from region to region. The digital economy, with strong spatial spillover effects on the innovation capacity of cities in China, may not only enhance the innovation capacity of one city but also drive a simultaneous growth of the innovation capacity in peripheral cities. The analysis of mechanisms indicates that the digital economy enhances local innovation capacity directly through promoting human resources and increasing science and technology spending and drives the improvement of the innovation capacity in peripheral cities through the spatial spillover of human resources and science and technology spending. The effects of the latter one outweigh those of the former one. The analysis of heterogeneity shows that the central, western, and northern regions, where the digital economy is relatively less developed, have the latecomer advantage, and the digital economy has more prominent effects on innovation capacity. Calculating the spillover distance and threshold demonstrates that the digital economy influences urban innovation within a spatial spillover range and threshold of approximately 500 kilometers. Within 500 kilometers, the positive spatial spillover effects prevail, while beyond 500 kilometers, the negative siphon effect prevails. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the differences in the impact and role of the digital economy on urban innovation from a spatial perspective.
Review on Security Issues and Applications of Trust Mechanism in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Xia Zhengxin , Wei Zhe , Zhang Huan
Published: September 2022

The scale of wireless sensor networks changes depending on specific application tasks. How to design a relatively simple security mechanism that can extend with the expansion of network scale is an arduous task. As the wireless sensor network mostly adopts the decentralized organization form, once the network nodes are distributed adequately, it is difficult to find out the failure of any node. In addition, the node has weak resistance to physical damage, so any node in the network may potentially become a cause of security vulnerability. In this study, firstly, the security standards that wireless sensor networks should have and the current security challenges faced by the network are discussed in detail, and the importance of security issues in wireless sensor networks is pointed out. Secondly, this paper studies and analyzes the current situation of wireless sensor network security problems including the internal and external attacks and the active and passive attacks. Thirdly, this paper also discusses the significance, concept, and characteristics of reputation and trust, the division and composition of reputation and trust system, and the common applications of the reputation and trust mechanism in wireless sensor networks.
Modeling and Robust Tracking Decoupling Control of a Coaxial Unmanned Helicopter Based on the Improved Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers
Authors: Xu Anan , Wang Fang , Chen Ming
Published: September 2022

In this paper, a robust tracking control strategy based on the dynamic feedback linearization method is proposed for the nonlinear and highly coupled dynamic characteristics of coaxial unmanned helicopter. The mathematical model of the coaxial unmanned helicopter is determined by fault analysis. Then the high-order state system is dynamically feedback linearized by extending the state variables, and the dynamic characteristics of the zeros are analyzed according to the expected tracking characteristics of the inner loop. The pole placement of the subsystem realizes robust monitoring of height and position commands by designing robust compensators. On this basis, an outer loop proportional derivative controller is designed for the horizontal positioning subsystem to realize position tracking. Loop tracking simulation ensures the good separation characteristics of feedback linearization method, and trajectory tracking simulation under fault conditions ensures the control ability and durability of the designed controller.
Co-pyrolysis Characteristics and Synergistic Interaction of Waste Polyethylene Terephthalate and Woody Biomass towards Bio-Oil Production
Authors: Anandaram Harishchander , Srivastava Bipin Kumar , Vijayakumar B. , Madhu P. , Depoures Melvin Victor , Patil Pravin P. , Chhabria Sarika , Patel Praveen Bhai , Prabhakar S.
Published: September 2022

In this study, the impacts of co-pyrolyzing wood-based biomass from Ficus benghalensis with PET on liquid oil output, reactivity, and heating values were investigated. The effects of temperature on the product distribution of individual pyrolysis and the biomass-plastic ratio on co-pyrolysis were investigated. For individual pyrolysis, a maximum amount of 40.8 wt (%) liquid oil was obtained from biomass at 450°C. On the other hand, a maximum of 59.5 wt (%) liquid oil was obtained from PET at 500°C. The co-pyrolysis experiments were conducted by blending PET with biomass at different percentages, such as 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%. At 60% addition of PET, a more positive synergistic effect was identified due to radical secondary reactions. In addition, the physical and chemical characterization studies conducted on pyrolysis oil showed that biomass and plastic materials could be used to make valuable chemicals.
Upregulation of Metallothionein 1 G (MT1G) Negatively Regulates Ferroptosis in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma by Reducing Glutathione Consumption
Authors: Zhang Wu , Luo Min , Xiong Bingrui , Liu Xiuheng
Published: September 2022

Ferroptosis is characterized by lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation, closely associated with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). It is of great significance for prognostic prediction and treatment of ccRCC to find biomarkers related to ferroptosis. We conducted several bioinformatic analyses using the transcriptome data and clinical information derived from online databases. Firstly, we identified the differentially expressed target genes in ccRCC. Then, t test and COX analysis were used to determine whether it was an independent prognostic factor combined with clinical information. String and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used to predict its function. Finally, we used ccRCC cells: 769-P and KAKI-1 in vitro to verify the regulation of target genes on cell proliferation apoptosis, iron metabolism, and GSH metabolism, which were used to judge the effect of target genes on ferroptosis. The study showed that MT1G is downregulated in ccRCC tissues compared with normal renal tissues. However, the ccRCC patients with higher expression relatively had higher malignancy and advanced stages. MT1G is an independent adverse factor for the prognosis of ccRCC. The protein interaction network analysis and GSEA showed that MT1G was closely related to GSH metabolism-related proteins (GSR) and lipid oxidation-related proteins (PLA2G2A). Samples with high expression of MT1G were enriched in “glutathione metabolism,” “oxidative phosphorylation,” and “proteasome,” whose function was involved in GSH metabolism and lipid peroxidation. The term associated with the occurrence and development of tumors included “P53 signaling pathway.” Furthermore, in vitro experiments showed that MT1G partially blocked ferroptosis induced by erastin and sorafenib-induced ccRCC cell lines (769-P and CAKI-1). The mechanism may be that MT1G affects ferroptosis by regulating GSH consumption in ccRCC cells. MT1G may be a negative regulator of ferroptosis in ccRCC cells and a biomarker of poor prognosis.
Microbial and Parasitic Contamination of Vegetables in Developing Countries and Their Food Safety Guidelines
Authors: Osafo Richard , Balali Gadafi Iddrisu , Amissah-Reynolds Papa Kofi , Gyapong Francis , Addy Rockson , Nyarko Alberta Agyapong , Wiafe Prince
Published: September 2022

The safety of humans is of paramount importance in the vegetable production chain. Evidence of microbial and parasitic contamination of these products poses a great threat to consumers. This is an emerging issue the world is battling, and it is still in the process of unravelling. However, one of the contributing factors responsible for the rapid spread of these pathogens to millions of people among other factors is the distribution of food in our food systems. The purpose of this study was to draw the attention of producers, retailers, consumers, and various stakeholders to the occurrence and potential hazard of these organisms, their contamination origin, and food safety protocols. Among the food system, vegetables play a major role, and their consumption has increased as they form a larger portion of daily diets. This urge for healthy diets coupled with changing dietary habits and human population explosion has therefore accelerated their production. This has resulted in parasitic and microbial contamination gaining grounds in salad vegetables, and as such, a wide range of microbes such as Escherichia coli O157: H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., Shigella, and Staphylococcus, and parasites such as Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba coli, Entamoeba histolytica, Cystoisospora belli, Toxoplasma gondii, Trichuris trichiura, and Ascaris lumbricoides have been isolated from them. Therefore, major routes for salad vegetable contamination and prevention methods have been pointed out in this review article. The topic of protective countermeasures will also be covered here in this review. Notwithstanding, several control measures have been reported to be effective and efficient in removing or eliminating pathogens, including treatment of irrigation water and fertilizers, use of disinfectants like vinegar and saltwater, irradiation, ozone, and bacteriophages. Though consumption of vegetables and salads is encouraged due to their nutritional advantage, appropriate systems should be put in place to ensure their safety.
Experimental Study of Constant-Amplitude Fatigue Performance of M39 High-Strength Bolts in Grid Structures with Bolt-Sphere Joints
Authors: Zhou Zichun , Lei Honggang , Yang Xu , Qiu Bin
Published: September 2022

Grid structures with bolt-sphere joints are widely used in industrial plants. With the installation of suspension cranes, high-strength bolts are subjected to repeated alternating loads and cause fatigue problems. Due to their dispersive nature, the degree of difficulty and cost of fatigue tests are extremely high. Due to the lack of a recognized fatigue design method, engineering designers have encountered great difficulties, and the promotion and application of such methods are severely restricted. In this paper, we successfully implemented a constant-amplitude fatigue test of M39 high-strength bolt specimens on an American MTS Landmark 370.50 fatigue testing machine and obtained the corresponding S-N curve from the statistical analysis of the test data. Using the nominal stress amplitude Δσ and the hot point stress amplitude Δσk as the design parameters, we established a corresponding constant-amplitude fatigue design method. We performed a microscopic analysis of the fracture surface using a TESCAN Mira3 LMH scanning electron microscope and revealed the fatigue failure mechanism of the high-strength bolts.
Tobacco Leaves Disease Identification and Spot Segmentation Based on the Improved ORB Algorithm
Authors: Xu Min , Li Lihua , Cheng Liangkun , Zhao Haobin , Wu Jiang , Wang Xiaoqiang , Li Hongchen , Liu Jianjun
Published: September 2022

In order to improve the problems of poor accuracy and low efficiency in tobacco leaves disease recognition and diagnosis and avoid the misjudgment in tobacco disease recognition, a disease recognition and spot segmentation method based on the improved ORB algorithm was proposed. The improved FAST14-24 algorithm was used to preliminarily extract corners. It overcame the deficiency of the sensitivity of the traditional ORB corner detection algorithm to image edges. During the experiment, 28 parameters were obtained through the extraction of color features, morphological features, texture, and other features of tobacco disease spots. Through the experimental comparisons, it was found that the fitness of the improved ORB algorithm was 96.68 and the cross-checking rate was 93.21%. The validation and recognition rate for samples was 96%. The identification rate of tobacco brown spot disease and frog eye disease was 92%, and the identification rate of 6 categories in different periods was over 96%. The experimental results verified the effects of the disease identification fully.
Correlation of Pollen Concentration and Meteorological Factors with Medical Condition of Allergic Rhinitis in Shenyang Area
Authors: Jiang Feifei , Yan Aihui
Published: September 2022

Background. The pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis (AR) was affected by meteorological and environmental factors. This study investigated the association between clinical symptoms of AR patients with pollen dispersal and meteorological conditions. Methods. The clinical features of 10,838 AR patients who were treated in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, from March 2021 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. We collected pollen by a pollen collector, read and counted it under a microscope, identified the species of the pollen particles, and recorded meteorological data (average daily temperature, maximum and minimum temperature, average daily wind, average daily precipitation, average daily humidity, average pressure, air quality index, PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3), to analyze the correlation among meteorological conditions, pollen dispersal, and number of AR visits. Finally, pollen allergen-positive and symptoms were scored. Results. Among the AR visits, patients >41 years old accounted for the highest proportion (64.15%). 43.67% of the patients were complicated with bronchial asthma, and the disease incidence peaked in September. During the period of the study, a total of 27,512 pollen grains were collected, and 17 species were identified. The pollens of Compositae and Moraceae were the main allergenic sources leading to the increase in AR visits from August to September. The peak of pollen dispersal was in spring, summer, and autumn. The total amount of pollen was not only related to the average daily minimum temperature, average daily precipitation, and average daily humidity but also had a significant correlation with air quality index and air pollutants (PM2.5 and PM10, SO2, NO2, and CO). In addition, there was a significant correlation between the number of daily pollen allergen-positive patients and the pollen concentration of Compositae and Moraceae as well as air pollution components. The clinical symptoms of pollen allergen-positive patients were mainly nasal congestion, red/itchy eyes, and epiphora. Conclusion. The peak seasons of pollen dispersal in Shenyang were in spring, summer, and autumn, and the allergenic pollens were mainly Compositae and Moraceae. In addition, AR was substantially correlated with pollen concentration and meteorological factors. This study may help provide early warning information and prevention for AR patients.
Weighted Average-Based Complexity Calculation in Block Selection Oriented Reversible Data Hiding
Authors: Tang Xin , Zhou Yiteng , Cheng Yixuan , Shao Yan
Published: September 2022

Complexity of blocks is one of the key factors to influence the performance of reversible data hiding. By embedding data into blocks with smaller complexity, the invalid shifting in pixel value ordering (PVO) based reversible data hiding is largely reduced, thus increasing the imperceptibility. However, the existing techniques are not always accurate in complexity calculation, since context pixels are usually treated equally. As a result, a great number of invalid pixels are assigned too large a weight in complexity calculation, which inevitably affects the precision. In this paper, we propose a weighted average based novel strategy in complexity calculation. In this scheme, we calculate the weight of a certain context pixel with the help of its adjacent neighbors, which ensures the one in a smooth area is assigned a larger weight, and otherwise the opposite. Experimental results show that invalid shifting is largely reduced, thus our scheme is better in imperceptibility compared with the state of the art and has potential application in a lot of fields such as medical imaging.
Analysis of Muscular Electrical Activity and Blood Perfusion of Upper Extremity in Patients with Hemiplegic Shoulder Pain: A Pilot Study
Authors: Sui Minghong , Jiang Naifu , Yan Luhui , Zhang Chenxi , Liu Jiaqing , Yan Tiebin , Li Guanglin
Published: September 2022

Background. Hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP) is a common symptom for post-stroke patients, which has a severely adverse impact on their rehabilitation outcomes. However, the cause of HSP has not been clearly identified due to its complicated multifactorial etiologies. As possible causes of HSP, the abnormality of both muscular electrical activity and blood perfusion remains lack of investigations. Objective. This study aimed to analyze the alteration of muscular electrical activity and blood perfusion of upper extremity in patients with HSP by using surface electromyography (sEMG) and laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) measurement techniques, which may provide some insight into the etiology of HSP. Methods. In this observational and cross-sectional study, three groups of participants were recruited. They were hemiplegic patients with shoulder pain (HSP group), hemiplegic patients without shoulder pain (HNSP group), and healthy participants (Healthy group). The sEMG data and blood perfusion data were collected from all the subjects and used to compute three different physiological measures, the root-mean-square (RMS) and median-frequency (MDF) parameters of sEMG recordings, and the perfusion unit (PU) parameter of blood perfusion imaging. Results. The RMS parameter of sEMG showed significant difference (

p
<
0.05

) in the affected side between HSP, HNSP, and Healthy groups. The MDF parameter of sEMG and PU parameter of blood perfusion showed no significant difference in both sides among the three groups (

p
>
0.05

). The RMS parameter of sEMG showed a statistically significant correlation with the pain intensity (

r

 = -0.691,

p

 =0.012). Conclusion. This study indicated that the muscular electrical activity of upper extremity had a correlation with the presence of HSP, and the blood perfusion seemed to be no such correlation. The findings of the study suggested an alternative way to explore the mechanism and treatment of HSP.
Supervised ML Algorithms in the High Dimensional Applications for Dimension Reduction
Authors: Tabassum Hina , Iqbal Muhammad Mutahir , Shehzad Muhammad Ahmed , Asghar Nabeel , Yusuf Mohammed , Kilai Mutua , Aldallal Ramay
Published: September 2022

We steered comparative analysis of manifold supervised dimension reduction methods by assimilating customary multiobjective standard metrics and validated the comparative efficacy of supervised learning algorithms in reliance on data and sample complexity. The question of sample and data intricacy is deliberated in dependence on automating selection and user-purposed instances. Different dimension reduction techniques are responsive to different scales of measurement and supervision of learning is also discussed comprehensively. In line with the prospects, each technique validated diverse competence for different datasets and there was no mode to gauge the general ranking of methods trustily available. We especially engrossed the classifier ranking and concocted a system erected on weighted average rank called weighted mean rank risk adjusted model (WMRRAM) for consensus ranking of supervised learning classifier algorithms.
Formation and Diffusion Analysis of Agricultural Product Brand Communication Influence Based on Big Data Fuzzy K-Means Clustering in Convergent Media Era
Authors: Lu Fei , Zheng Xiangyang
Published: September 2022

In today’s society, with the support of information technology, the media is constantly developing in the direction of integration, which has a profound impact on all aspects of people’s social life. The brand of agricultural products is derived from the definition of brand, based on the differences of production areas, varieties and quality of characteristic agricultural products, and conveyed the information of characteristic agricultural products in the form of trademarks, certification marks, and product packaging. In order to solve the problems existing in the running process of brand promotion system of characteristic agricultural products, the concept of Internet of Things was introduced. The Internet of Things is a network that shows that objects and objects are connected with each other. Customers who use the Internet of Things can communicate and exchange information between any kind of goods. This paper focuses on the content of the improved K-means clustering model based on multibrand communication of agricultural products, expounds the analysis model and scope of agricultural product brand communication, applies the Internet of Things and related technologies to the brand promotion system of characteristic agricultural products, and simulates agricultural product brand communication by using big data fuzzy K-means clustering algorithm. Finally, the calculation of coincidence rate proves that the maximum distance between agricultural product brand communication influence and K-means clustering algorithm is consistent with the JC value of nodes, and the correct rate is as high as 90%. A communication mode that is more in line with the law of brand influence communication of agricultural products.
Application of Convolutional Networks in Clothing Design from the Perspective of Deep Learning
Authors: Yi Cheng
Published: September 2022

A convolutional neural network (CNN) is a machine learning method under supervised learning. It not only has the advantages of high fault tolerance and self-learning ability of other traditional neural networks but also has the advantages of weight sharing, automatic feature extraction, and the combination of the input image and network. It avoids the process of data reconstruction and feature extraction in traditional recognition algorithms. For example, as an unsupervised generation model, the convolutional confidence network (CCN) generated by the combination of convolutional neural network and confidence network has been successfully applied to face feature extraction.
Effectiveness of Liquid Antistripping Additive for Emulsion‐Treated Base Layer Using Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Material
Authors: Chhabra Rishi Singh , R. N. G. D. Ransinchung , Singh Sitesh Kumar
Published: September 2022

In the new global economy, getting natural aggregates (NA) has become a central issue for constructing flexible pavements due to the scarcity of aggregates and the ban on mining in various states in India. This research is an attempt to achieve sustainability by using a liquid antistripping additive for emulsion‐treated base layer to improve the performance of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Material (RAPM) inclusive aggregates. RAPM was evaluated, with inclusion percentages of 50 and 70 percent, whereas, the control mix was prepared using 100 percent natural aggregate (NA). The effect of inclusion of liquid antistripping additive (ASA) with different RAPM percentages on various properties of ETB mixes, such as maximum dry density, indirect tensile strength, moisture resistance and resilient modulus, was studied. Furthermore, when compared to RAP‐ETB mixes without ASA, RAP‐ETB mixes with ASA were found to preserve many of their qualities. The present study aimed to propose the laboratory design of optimum bitumen emulsion content (OBEC) for ETB in a simpler manner. For 50 RAP, obtained OBEC was at 4.4%, whereas for 70 RAP, OBEC was obtained at 3.8%. However, for 100 % NA, calculated OBEC was 7.0% as there was 0% RAP in it, hence binder absorption was more. The strength parameter was assessed using the Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) test. At the same time, the pavement response was measured in terms of Resilient Modulus (MR). MR of 70 RAP mixes was higher than that of 50 RAP mixes, and 100 NA mixes with antistripping additive. Test results were encouraging, and significant improvement in strength was caused by cement filler and antistripping additive.
GC-MS Profiling, In Vitro Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and In Silico NADPH Oxidase Inhibition Studies of Essential Oil of Juniperus thurifera Bark
Authors: Lafraxo Soufyane , El Moussaoui Abdelfattah , A Bin Jardan Yousef , El Barnossi Azeddin , Chebaibi Mohamed , Baammi Soukayna , Ait Akka Aziz , Chebbac Khalid , Akhazzane Mohamed , Chelouati Tarik , Nafidi Hiba-Allah , Farid Khallouki , Bourhia Mohammed , Bari Amina
Published: September 2022

Juniperus thurifera is a native species to the mountains of the western Mediterranean region. It is used in traditional medicine as a natural treatment against infections. The present study aimed to carry out the chemical analysis and evaluate the antioxidant, antimicrobial, as well as in silico inhibition studies of the essential oils from Juniperus thurifera bark (EOEJT). Chemical characterization of EOEJT was done by gas chromatography (GC-MS). We have performed three antioxidant assays (Reducing power (FRAP), 2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)) of the EOEJT. We next evaluated the antimicrobial activity against in silico study, which was carried out to help evaluate the inhibitory effect of EOEJT against NADPH oxidase. Results of the GC/MS analysis revealed seven major compounds in EOEJT wherein muurolol (36%) and elemol (26%) were the major components. Moreover, EOEJT possessed interesting antioxidant potential with an IC50 respectively of 21.25 ± 1.02 μg/mL, 481.02 ± 5.25 μg/mL, and 271 μg EAA/mg in DPPH, FRAP, and total antioxidant capacity systems. Molecular docking of EOEJT in NADPH oxidase active site showed inhibitory activity of α-cadinol and muurolol with a glide score of −6.041 and −5.956 Kcal/mol, respectively. As regards the antibacterial and antifungal capacities, EOEJT was active against all tested bacteria and all fungi, notably, against Escherichia coli K12 with an inhibition diameter of 21 mm and a MIC value of 0.67 mg/mL, as well as against Proteus mirabilis ATCC 29906 with an inhibition diameter of 18.33 ± 1.15 mm and a MIC value of 1.34 mg/mL. A more pronounced effect was recorded for the fungal pathogens Fusarium oxysporum MTCC 9913 with inhibition of 37.44 ± 0.28% and MIC value of 6.45 mg/mL, as well as against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 with an inhibition diameter of 20.33 ± 1.15 mm and a MIC value of 0.67 ± 0.00 mg/mL. Altogether, these results highlight the importance of EOEJT as a source of natural antibacterial and antioxidant drugs to fight clinically important pathogenic strains.
Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Rational Application of Cinnabar, Realgar, and Their Formulations
Authors: Guan Huifang , Xu Yan , Ma Chunyu , Zhao Dexi
Published: September 2022

Ethnopharmacological Relevance. Mineral medicines are widely used traditional Chinese medicines with curative effects. These medicines are used for many refractory diseases. Aim of the Review. In this review, cinnabar (HgS) and realgar (As₂S₂) serve as examples of mineral medicines, and their pharmacology, therapeutic toxicity, use in traditional medicine mixtures, and research perspectives are discussed. Materials and Methods. A search was performed for the literature on cinnabar and realgar in PubMed, the Chinese Pharmacopeia, Google, and other sources. The search included studies using single herbs, traditional formulations, or novel dosage forms. Results. Cinnabar and cinnabar formulas exhibit good efficacy for sedation, sleep improvement, anxiety alleviation, and brain protection. However, previous studies on neurotransmitters have reached different conclusions, and detailed pharmacological mechanisms are lacking. Realgar and its formulas exert promising antitumor activity through regulation of cell cycle arrest, intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis, induction of differentiation, autophagy, metabolic reprogramming, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) signaling, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. In addition, realgar can be used to treat a variety of refractory diseases by regulating immunity and exerting antibacterial, antiviral, and other effects. However, the existing pharmacological research on the use of realgar for epidemic prevention is insufficient, and animal experiments and research at the cellular level are lacking. Inappropriate applications of cinnabar and realgar can cause toxicity, including neurotoxicity, liver toxicity, kidney toxicity, and genotoxicity. The toxicological mechanism is complex, and molecular-level research is limited. For clinical applications, theory and clinical experience must be combined to guide scientific and rational drug use and to achieve reduced toxicity and increased efficacy through the use of modern preparation methods or combined drugs. Notably, when cinnabar and realgar are used to treat targeted diseases, these agents have a bidirectional effect of “treatment” and “toxicity” on the central nervous system in pathological and normal states. The pharmacological and toxicological mechanisms need to be elucidated in greater detail in the future. Overall, systematic research is needed to provide a basis for better promotion of the rational use of cinnabar and realgar in the clinic. Conclusion. Mineral medicines are multicomponent, multiactivity, and multitargeted substances. The pharmacology and mechanisms of the toxicity and action of realgar and cinnabar are extremely complex. A number of Chinese medicinal preparations of realgar and cinnabar have demonstrated unique efficacy in the treatment of refractory diseases.
miRNA-331-3p Affects the Proliferation, Metastasis, and Invasion of Osteosarcoma through SOCS1/JAK2/STAT3
Authors: Zu Dan , Dong Qi , Chen Sunfang , Chen Yongde , Yao Jun , Zou Yubin , Lin Jiawei , Fang Bin , Wu Bing
Published: September 2022

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are regulatory small noncoding RNAs that play a key role in several types of cancer. It has been reported that miR-331-3p is involved in the development and progression of various cancers, but there are few reports regarding osteosarcoma (OS). The public GEO database was used to analyze the survival difference of miR-331-3p in OS organizations. The level of cell proliferation assay was assessed by CCK-8 and colony formation. First, transwell and wound-healing assays were used to detect the transfer and invasion ability of miR-331-3p in OS. Second, TargetScan, miRDBmiR, TarBase, and dual-luciferase reporter gene assays were used to determine SOCS1 as a targeted regulator. Third, Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of protein levels. Finally, a mouse model of subcutaneously transplantable tumors is used to evaluate the proliferation of OS in vivo. The low expression of miR-331-3p was negatively correlated with the overall survival of OS patients. Overexpression of miR-331-3p significantly inhibited cell proliferation, metastasis, and invasion. Moreover, miR-331-3p affected the occurrence and development of osteosarcoma by targeting the SOCS1/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Therefore, miR-331-3p reduces the expression of SOCS1 by combining with its 3′UTR, thereby activating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway to regulate the progression of OS. This provides a new theoretical basis for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
A Comparative Study on the Clinical Efficacy of Stereotaxic Catheter Drainage and Conservative Treatment for Small and Medium Amount Intracerebral Hemorrhage in the Basal Ganglia
Authors: Yuan Junhui , Lv Yansong , Zhang Shaowei , Li Yongpeng , Jiao Xi
Published: September 2022

The incidence rate and fatal disability rate of cerebral hemorrhage increase year by year. At present, most patients with a hematoma volume of ≤20 mL are treated conservatively by internal medicine. With the development of the stereotactic technique, it has been widely used for the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage in clinics. This study compared the clinical differences between stereotactic surgery and conservative treatment for small- and medium-sized cerebral hemorrhages. The results show that stereotactic hematoma evacuation is more effective than conservative treatment in the treatment of medium and small intracerebral hemorrhages in the basal ganglia. It can accelerate the resolution of hematoma and improve the neurological function and quality of life of patients, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
Molecular Characterization of Gene-Mediated Resistance and Susceptibility of ESKAPE Clinical Isolates to Cistus monspeliensis L. and Cistus salviifolius L. Extracts
Authors: Zalegh Imane , Bourhia Mohammed , Zerouali Khalid , Katfy Khalid , Nayme Kaotar , Khallouki Farid , Benzaarate Ihssane , Mohammad Salamatullah Ahmad , Alzahrani Abdulhakeem , Nafidi Hiba-Allah , Akssira Mohamed , Ait Mhand Rajaa
Published: September 2022

Background. Multidrug resistance (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) are now the biggest threats to human beings. Alternative antimicrobial regimens to conventional antibiotic paradigms are extensively searched. Although Cistus extracts have long been used for infections in traditional folk medicines around the world, their efficacy against resistant bacteria still needs to be elucidated. We aim to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of clinical strains Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter cloacae (acronym “ESKAPE”), and their resistance mechanisms by PCR, as well as their sensitivity to C. monspeliensis (CM) and C. salviifolius (CS) methanol extracts and their fractions. Methods. Antibiotic susceptibility profile and resistance mechanism were done by antibiogram and PCR. Fractions of CM and CS were obtained using maceration and Soxhlet; their antibacterial activities were evaluated by determining inhibition zone diameter (IZD), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Results. Results revealed that all strains were XDR except S. aureus, which was MDR. The PCR indicates the presence of gene-mediated resistance (blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaOXA-48, blaNDM, blaOXA-51, blaOXA-58, blaIMP, blaVIM, and blamecA). Also, maceration was slightly better for bioactivity preservation. Overall, the extracts of CM (IZD = 20 mm, MIC = 0.01 mg/mL) were more active than those of CS. All extracts inhibited MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and ERV (Enterococcus faecium Vancomycin-Resistant) with interesting MICs. The ethyl acetate fraction manifested great efficacy against all strains. Monoterpene hydrocarbons and sesquiterpenes oxygenated were the chemical classes of compounds dominating the analyzed fractions. Viridiflorol was the major compound in ethyl acetate fractions of 59.84% and 70.77% for CM and CS, respectively. Conclusions. The superior activity of extracts to conventional antibiotics was seen for the first time in the pathogens group, and their bactericidal effect could be a promising alternative for developing clinical antibacterial agents against MDR and XDR ESKAPE bacteria.