bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Jogos didáticos e tecnologias digitais: uma integração possível no planejamento didático do professor de Matemática
 Didactic games and digital technologies: a possible integration in the mathematics teacher's didactic planning
Authors: Homa Agostinho Iaqchan Ryokiti , Groenwald Claudia Lisete Oliveira
Published: April 2021

Este artigo apresenta a reflexão da importância de integrar recursos didáticos ao fazer pedagógico no planejamento do processo de ensino e aprendizagem da Matemática. Entende-se que uma abordagem lúdica, utilizando jogos e, também, a resolução de problemas são metodologias que possibilitam o desenvolvimento de competências, como raciocínio, representação, comunicação e argumentação, que formam o pensamento matemático nos alunos e os recursos digitais ampliam a visualização e generalização de importantes conceitos matemáticos. O objetivo foi desenvolver jogos digitais que sejam subsídios aos professores no planejamento do processo de ensino e aprendizagem do conteúdo curricular ou conceitos significativos, desenvolvendo o pensamento matemático e a interação social, buscando a integração das Tecnologias Digitais ao trabalho docente do professor de Matemática. Apresentam-se dois jogos digitais, desenvolvidos no software GeoGebra, um jogo de estratégia e um jogo que revisita o conceito de frações.
As contribuições de uma sequência didática voltada para o estudo das relações de ângulos na circunferência
	The contributions of a didactic sequence for the study of angle relations in the circumference
Authors: Silva Joaby De Oliveira , Bastos Lígia Sousa , Jesus Gilson Bispo de
Published: April 2021

A ideia desse trabalho nasce em uma disciplina de mestrado, em que tivemos a oportunidade de refletir sobre alguns conceitos geométricos e seu ensino. Dentre as atividades dessa disciplina estava a construção de uma sequência didática, a qual é analisada neste texto. Assim, objetivamos identificar as contribuições de uma sequência didática, com o uso do software GeoGebra, para o aprendizado das relações de ângulos na circunferência. A sequência foi elaborada com base na Teoria das Situações Didáticas, seguindo as quatro etapas da Engenharia Didática: análises preliminares; concepção e análise a priori; experimentação; e análise a posteriori e validação. Essa sequência foi aplicada com alunos da licenciatura em matemática de uma universidade pública. Percebemos que a sequência contribuiu para descobertas de propriedades relativas à ângulos na circunferência. Também notamos que o GeoGebra foi utilizado como fonte de dados confiáveis para conjectura e validação de propriedades geométricas. Entretanto, encontramos algumas limitações, como o número reduzido de estudantes que participaram da aplicação e a notória afinidade deles com a forma de argumentar em matemática.
Hızla Yapılaşan Trabzon Kenti İçin Yeşil Odaklı Planlama Örneği: KTÜ Kanuni Kampüsü
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Elif , ELMALI ŞEN Derya
Published: April 2021

Yaşadığımız çağın en önemli sorunlarından biri küresel ısınma ve iklim değişikliği sorunudur. Hızla yapılaşan kentler, ısı adaları oluşturarak küresel ısınma ve iklim değişikliğinin etkisinin artmasına sebep olmaktadır. Kentlerde doğal çevrenin desteklenmesi ve yeşil dokunun artırılması, ısı adası etkisinin giderilmesinde en önemli araçlardan biridir. Çalışmada, Türkiye’nin hızla yapılaşan kentlerinden biri olan Trabzon kentinde bu soruna nasıl çözüm üretilebileceğine dair bir araştırma yapmak hedeflenmiştir. Türkiye’nin en yeşil şehirlerinden biri olmasına karşın Trabzon kent merkezinin yeşil dokusu azdır. Bu durum tersine çevrilip yeşil odaklı bir tasarımla kent gelişebilir mi sorusuna yanıt olarak Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Kanuni Kampüsü incelenmiştir. İncelemeler sonucunda şehrin gelişmesi ile kent merkezinde kalan KTÜ Kanuni Kampüsü’nün temel yerleşim kararları bakımından kentin coğrafi yapısı, topografyası ve iklimi ile son derece uyumlu tasarlandığı ve yeşil odaklı tasarıma iyi bir örnek teşkil ettiği görülmüştür.
Avokado Odununun Bazı Kimyasal ve Morfolojik Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi ve Kağıt Hamuru Üretimine Uygunluğunun Araştırılması
Authors: ALTUNIŞIK BÜLBÜL Gülşah , GENÇER Ayhan
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmada avokado (Persea americana Mill.) odunun bazı kimyasal ve morfolojik özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Avokado odunun temel kimyasal bileşenleri holoselüloz, α-selüloz ve lignin sırasıyla %73.29, 55.05 ve 14.85 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sıcak su, soğuksu, alkol ve %1 NaOH çözünürlük değerleri ise sırasıyla %2.64, 1.51, 4.5, 19.75 bulunmuştur. Kağıt hamuru üretiminde, özellikle kimyasal yöntem kullanıldığında, yüksek α-selüloz ve düşük lignin oranı önemlidir. Sonuçlara göre avokado odunun kimyasal bileşenleri bakımından mevcut meyve ağaçları ve bazı yapraklı ağaç odunları ile benzer özelliklerdedir. Lignoselülozik bir hammaddeden kağıt üretiminde lif morfolojisi önemli olup, kağıdın temel sağlamlık özelliklerini belirlemektedir. Avokado odunun lifleri orta uzunlukta olup, literatürde bulunan bazı meyve ağaçları ve kağıt hamuru üretiminde kullanılan yapraklı ağaç odunlarının lifleri ile benzer özellikte olduğu görülmektedir. Buna göre avokado odunu kağıt hamuru üretiminde kullanılabilecek özelliktedir.
İstanbul’un Yeşil Alan Sorunları Çerçevesinde Yeşil Duvarların İrdelenmesi ve Öneriler
Authors: AKKEMİK Ünal , TOLUNAY Doğanay , ERDÖNMEZ Cihan , ATMIŞ Erdoğan , KURDOĞLU Oğuz
Published: April 2021

Türkiye’nin en kalabalık büyükkenti olan İstanbul’daki kişi başına düşen yeşil alan miktarı dünya standartlarının oldukça altındadır. Artan nüfusun yeşil alan ihtiyacını karşılamaya dönük çalışmalar kapsamında farklı yeşil alan oluşturma ve bitkilendirme çalışmaları yapılmaktadır. Bunlardan biri olan yeşil duvarlar, bazı otoyol ve üstgeçitlerin kenarlarında oluşturulan, daha çok görselliğe dayanan yeşil altyapı uygulamalarındandır. Bu çalışma; sözü edilen yeşil duvar sistemlerinin kent ekosistemine katkılarını, yeşil alan/yeşil altyapı planlaması bağlamında irdelemek ve bu kapsamda öneriler sunmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yapılan değerlendirmeler ve tartışmalar sonucunda; İstanbul’daki yeşil duvarların mevcut haliyle ekosisteme katkısının çok düşük hatta çok önemsiz düzeyde olduğu, yeşil altyapının gerektirdiği kamusal planlama anlayışına uygun olmadığı ve hem ekonomik hem de ekolojik maliyetlerinin çok yüksek olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Otoban kenarlarında yeşil duvarlar oluşturma uygulamaları yerine, kent ekosistemine katkısı çok daha yüksek ve maliyeti çok daha düşük olan alan kullanımları ve bitkilendirme çalışmalarının hayata geçirilmesi hem ekolojik hem de toplumsal açıdan daha yararlı olacaktır.
Trabzon (KD Türkiye) Akarsu Havzalarının Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi Kullanılarak Morfometrik Analiz Yoluyla Hidrolojik Değerlendirmesi
Authors: YILDIRIM Ümit
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmada, Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesinde bulunan ve Trabzon ili sınırları içerisinden Karadeniz’e dökülen 10 farklı akarsuyun (Ağasar, Fol, Galanima, Değirmendere, Yomra, Yanbolu, Karadere, Küçükdere, Manahoz ve Solaklı dereleri) su toplama havzalarının hidrolojik açıdan incelenmesi amacıyla Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi kullanılarak morfometrik analizleri yapılmıştır. Analizlerin yapılmasında hidrolojik süreçler ile ilgili olan morfometrik parametreler (drenaj yoğunluğu, akarsu sıklığı, drenaj dokusu, yüzeysel akış uzunluğu, şekil faktörü ve uzama oranı) kullanılmıştır. Bu parametrelerin türetilmesi için temel parametreler olarak; havza alanı, havza çevresi uzunluğu, havza uzunluğu, akış dizilimi, akış numarası ve toplam akış uzunluğu parametreleri kullanılmıştır. Yapılan morfometrik analizler sonucunda, çalışma alanında bulunan akarsu havzalarından Değirmendere, Karadere ve Solaklı havzalarının sel ve taşkın açısından daha hassas, Fol ve Ağasar havzalarında yüzey geçirimliliğinin çok düşük, Yanbolu havzasında ise toprak aşınımı ve taşınmasının oldukça yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN) based Eye-Gaze Tracking System using Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Kanade Prakash , David Fortune , Kanade Sunay
Published: April 2021

To avoid the rising number of car crash deaths, which are mostly caused by drivers' inattentiveness, a paradigm shift is expected. The knowledge of a driver's look area may provide useful details about his or her point of attention. Cars with accurate and low-cost gaze classification systems can increase driver safety. When drivers shift their eyes without turning their heads to look at objects, the margin of error in gaze detection increases. For new consumer electronic applications such as driver tracking systems and novel user interfaces, accurate and effective eye gaze prediction is critical. Such systems must be able to run efficiently in difficult, unconstrained conditions while using reduced power and expense. A deep learning-based gaze estimation technique has been considered to solve this issue, with an emphasis on WSN based Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) based system. The proposed study proposes the following architecture, which is focused on data science: The first is a novel neural network model that is programmed to manipulate any possible visual feature, such as the states of both eyes and head location, as well as many augmentations; the second is a data fusion approach that incorporates several gaze datasets. However, due to different factors such as environment light shifts, reflections on glasses surface, and motion and optical blurring of the captured eye signal, the accuracy of detecting and classifying the pupil centre and corneal reflection centre depends on a car environment. This work also includes pre-trained models, network structures, and datasets for designing and developing CNN-based deep learning models for Eye-Gaze Tracking and Classification.
The Features of Electronic Conduction in InAs
Authors: Khutsishviliis E. , Chubinishvili Z. , Kekelidze G. , Kalandadze I. , Qamushadze T. , Metskhvarishvili M.
Published: April 2021

The electrical properties of n-type crystals of InAs compound, grown from stoichiometric melt by the horizontal zone melting method, have been investigated in the temperature range of 4.2 K-300 K before and after fast neutron irradiation up to high integral fluences of 2×1018n∙cm-2. At a fixed temperature electrons concentration (n) increases almost by one order during irradiation, and practically does not change with increasing of temperature. n increases only slightly by increasing of temperature near 300 K, both before and after irradiation. When  ≥ 4×1018cm-3 the change of  during irradiation is negligible. Comparison of experimental data of mobility with theory shows that the privileged scattering mechanism of electrons at 300 K is scattering on optical phonons in InAs with  1016-1017 cm-3 and scattering on ions of impurity in InAs with n~1018-1019 cm-3. The analysis shows that during irradiation point type scattering centers of donor-type structural defects with shallow levels in the forbidden zone appear. Consequently, the mobility decreases during irradiation. At 300 K in  sample with electrons concentration of 3×1016 cm-3 the mobility decreases by 5 times after irradiation, which is equivalent to the formation of 1.5×1019cm-3 charged point scattering centers.
Isolasi Actinomycetes Dengan Menggunakan Metode Skrining Sebagai Penghasil Enzim Kitinase
Authors: Anggraini Welly
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi Actinomycetes yang memiliki kemampuan dalam mendegradasi kitin.  Isolasi Actinomycetes dilakukan menggunakan media NaST21Cx selama 2-3 bulan dan purifikasi untuk mendapatkan isolat murni dilakukan menggunakan media ISP-2. Hasil dari penelitian ini yakni, empat isolat Actinomycetes, yang diberi kode ANL-4, ANL-9, ANL-12, dan ANL-d-2b-3 yang ditandai dengan ciri-ciri isolat yang keras dan melekat erat pada agar.  Secara mikroskopis teramati adanya hifa dan spora yang terbentuk.  Isolat ANL-4, ANL-9, ANL-12, dan ANLd-2b-3 memiliki kemampuan dalam mendegradasi kitin pada media uji mineral-salt agar plate dengan substrat kitin 1% (w/v) yang diindikasikan dengan terbentukya zona bening yang diperjelas dengan penambahan Congo Red 1% (w/v).  Indeks kitinolitik yang dihasilkan berturut-turut : 5 cm, 2 cm, 1,9 cm, dan 2,3 cm.Kata Kunci : actinomycetes, hutan bakau, kitin, kitinase
Comparing the Concept of Ideal State Through the Lens of al-Farabi’s and Augustine’s Perspectives
Authors: Sudarman Sudarman
Published: April 2021

This research is a comparative analysis over the concept of an ideal state according to the perspective of a Muslim philosopher, Al-Farabi and that of a Christian philosopher, Augustine. It is an interfaith study that is based on a library research. The main data are collected through the book of Arā 'Ahl al-Madīnah al-Fādilah by al-Farabi and The City of God, by Agustinus, before they are analyzed with a hermeneutic approach. It argues that there are some similarities between Al-Farabi’s and Augustine's thoughts on the concept of ideal state, as well as a few differences. According to al-Farabi, an ideal state is the one that is led by a prophet or a philosopher, because, like the heart in a human body, the leader occupies a central position and is highly decisive. An ideal state according to Augustine refers to the concept of the city of God or the heavenly city, which is resided by innocent people, or sinners who have received God’s repentance. In this regards, the opposite of the City of God is the City of Man, in which all sinners are living their lives.
Intentions en matière de contrôle du poids et santé mentale chez les adolescents canadiens : analyse comparative entre les sexes chez les élèves participant à l’étude COMPASS
Authors: Doan Natalie , Romano Isabella , Butler Alexandra , Laxer Rachel E. , Patte Karen A. , Leatherdale Scott T.
Published: April 2021

Introduction

Les différences entre les genres en lien avec les intentions de contrôle du poids et la santé mentale des adolescents sont peu connues. Notre objectif était d’examiner ces associations au sein d’un vaste échantillon d’adolescents et d’adolescentes.

Méthodologie

En utilisant les données de l’année 6 (2017-2018) de l’étude COMPASS (n = 57 324), nous avons procédé à une série de régressions linéaires multivariables pour déterminer si les intentions de contrôle du poids (gain de poids, perte de poids, maintien du poids, aucune intention) étaient associées à la dépression, à l’anxiété et à l’image de soi, tout en tenant compte de covariables pertinentes, dont l’indice de masse corporelle. Les modèles ont été stratifiés en fonction du genre autodéclaré.

Résultats

Par rapport aux filles sans intention en matière de contrôle du poids, les filles ayant l’intention de perdre du poids ont fait état de symptômes plus importants de dépression (B = 0,52, p $lt; 0,001) et d’anxiété (B = 0,41, p $lt; 0,001) ainsi que d’une moins bonne image d’elles-mêmes (B = 2,06, p $lt; 0,001). Les filles ayant l’intention de prendre du poids ont elles aussi fait état de symptômes plus marqués de dépression (B = 0,54, p $lt; 0,001) et d’anxiété (B = 0,50, p $lt; 0,001) ainsi qu’une moins bonne image d’elles-mêmes (B = 1,25, p $lt; 0,001). De leur côté, les garçons ayant l’intention de perdre du poids ont fait état de symptômes plus importants de dépression (B = 0,26, p $lt; 0,001) et d’anxiété (B = 0,33, p $lt; 0,001) ainsi que d’une mauvaise image d’eux-mêmes (B = 1,10, p $lt; 0,001). Enfin, toujours chez les garçons, les intentions de gain de poids étaient associées à des symptômes d’anxiété plus prononcés (B = 0,17, p $lt; 0,05), mais aucune différence n’a été observée en ce qui concerne les symptômes de dépression et d’image de soi.

Conclusion

Les intentions de gain ou de perte de poids étaient corrélées à des symptômes de troubles mentaux et à une mauvaise image de soi au sein du vaste échantillon d’adolescents sur lequel porte notre étude, avec des associations différentes chez les garçons et les filles. Ces résultats ont des implications importantes pour les programmes scolaires visant à promouvoir un poids santé et une image du corps saine.
Perception des enfants à l’égard d’un programme d’alimentation scolaire à approvisionnement centralisé dans le Sud-Ouest de l’Ontario (Canada)
Authors: Colley Paige , Miller Linda , Seabrook Jamie A. , Woodruff Sarah J. , Gilliland Jason
Published: April 2021

Introduction

Cette étude qualitative s’intéresse à la perception qu’ont les enfants de l’influence d’un programme d’alimentation scolaire à approvisionnement centralisé sur leurs comportements alimentaires et à leurs recommandations sur la manière d’améliorer le programme.

Méthodologie

Les observations de 208 élèves de 9 à 14 ans (de la 5e à la 8e année) provenant de 21 écoles primaires ont été recueillies au moyen de groupes de discussion en 2017 et 2018. L’intervention la plus importante a consisté en un programme de dix semaines proposant des collations quotidiennes (fruits, légumes, aliments à grains entiers, produits laitiers, substituts de viande) à des élèves d’écoles primaires du Sud-Ouest de l’Ontario (Canada).

Résultats

Dans l’ensemble, les participants ont eu une perception positive du programme. Ils ont constaté un apaisement de leur faim, une augmentation de leur niveau d’énergie et une amélioration de leur alimentation. De nombreux enfants ont estimé que le programme avait modifié leurs habitudes alimentaires à la maison et pas simplement à l’école, car il les avait notamment amenés à accroître leur consommation de fruits et de légumes. De plus, le programme de collations a permis aux enfants d’essayer des aliments sains.

Conclusion

La plupart des participants ont estimé que le programme s’avérait bénéfique pour favoriser une alimentation saine. Les participants ont recommandé d’ajouter des activités éducatives, de diversifier les aliments offerts et d’accroître la participation des enfants à la sélection et à la préparation des aliments.
„Það er alltaf þessi faglega samræða“: Innleiðing teymiskennslu í tólf grunnskólum
Authors: Sigurgeirsson Ingvar
Published: April 2021

Í þessari grein er gerð grein fyrir niðurstöðum rannsóknar á innleiðingu teymiskennslu í tólf grunnskólum hér á landi á árunum 2016?2020. Byggt er á rúmlega eitt hundrað viðtölum við kennarateymi, stjórnendur og nemendur sem tekin hafa verið í tengslum við ráðgjöf höfundar um innleiðinguna og mat á stöðu hennar í skólunum. Í viðtölunum var spurt hvernig teymiskennslan gengi, hver hefði verið helsti ávinningur hennar, sem og um helstu áskoranir og hindranir.Teymiskennsla er hér skilgreind sem kennsla þar sem tveir eða fleiri kennarar eru samábyrgir fyrir einum árgangi, aldursblönduðum hópi, námsgrein eða námsgreinum. Kennarar undirbúa sig saman, kenna einnig að einhverju marki saman og vinna saman að mati á námi og kennslu.Viðmælendur töldu helstu kosti teymiskennslunnar vera möguleika á verkaskiptingu. Teymiskennslan var oftar en ekki talin leiða til aukinnar fjölbreytni í kennslu og aukins þors til að prófa mismunandi útfærslur. Þá var sveigjanleiki talinn kostur, meðal annars að geta skipulagt kennslu í misstórum hópum, sem og möguleikar nemenda til að sækja leiðsögn til fleiri en eins kennara. Mat viðmælenda var að forsenda árangursríkrar teymiskennslu væri gagnkvæmt traust og virðing, og lykill að árangri stöðug samræða, sameiginleg ígrundun, lausnaleit og jafningjastuðningur.Helstu hindranir voru tengdar því þegar teymi nær ekki saman og þegar erfitt reynist að finna tíma til samstarfs. Þá er vandi tengdur ósamræmi í stundatöflum kennara og ekki síst óhentugu húsnæði.Þessar niðurstöður eru í samræmi við niðurstöður rannsókna á teymiskennslu sem gerðar hafa verið víða um heim á undanförnum áratugum. Mikill meirihluti rannsókna bendir til þess að teymiskennsla skili meiri ávinningi en þegar kennarar eru einir. Spurt er hvers vegna jafn afdráttarlausar niðurstöður hafi ekki leitt til umfangsmikilla grundvallarbreytinga í skólum í þá átt að fela kennurum oftar sameiginlega ábyrgð á kennslu, í stað þess að þess að ganga út frá því að þeir kenni nemendum einir.
O ESTÁGIO CURRICULAR NA FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DE PROFESSORES: UM RECORTE DE PRODUÇÕES
Authors: Valente Fernandes Ferenc Alvanize , Corrêa Derossi Caio
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho reflete sobre o estágio curricular no âmbito da formação inicial de professores. Para tanto, explora as produções científicas dos Congressos Estaduais Paulistas sobre Formação de Educadores (CEPFE) - 2009 a 2018. A partir dos anais destes eventos, buscou-se, a priori, mapear as produções veiculadas no primeiro eixo temático - “Políticas e Práticas de formação inicial de professores da educação básica”, para a posteriori, analisar os trabalhos que tinham como objeto o estágio. Na construção do texto é apresentado um panorama bibliográfico sobre o campo da formação inicial de professores e, em seguida, procede-se à organização das produções selecionadas. De forma geral, em todos os trabalhos analisados, o estágio é entendido como espaço de aproximação dos cotidianos dinâmicos que permeiam a profissão docente. Logo, após o reconhecimento deste cenário, as práticas de ensino, os desafios e as potencialidades do ensinar, inseridas as idiossincrasias de cada campo, são mais bem refletidas e situadas.
"Det är lite mer så här mainstream att ha psykisk ohälsa" : Samtal om ungas behov och livsfärdigheter
Authors: Hellström Lisa , Beckman Linda
Published: April 2021

Denna rapport ingår i forskningsprojektet Att skapa goda livsfärdigheter bland unga. Den första delrapporten var en nationell och internationell kartläggning över initiativ och insatser för att främja psykisk hälsa bland unga. Bland insatser som verkar mer lovande – och till synes har goda möjligheter att göra skillnad för ungas psykiska hälsa - framträder insatser vars syfte är att höja kunskapen om psykisk hälsa bland unga och vuxna. Ökad kunskap om psykisk hälsa har visat sig vara ett viktigt verktyg för att utveckla färdigheter i hur man tolkar och förstår sina egna känslor och sin kropp och när man behöver kontakta vården. Dessutom är dessa insat-ser ofta samhällsekonomiskt kostnadseffektiva, eftersom de ger unga bättre livsfärdigheter och på sikt leder till minskat vårdsökande och bättre förutsättningar att klara skolan och i förlängningen arbetslivet. Sådana satsningar går även i linje med Barnkonventionen 24§ om alla barns rätt till bästa möjliga hälsa, som sedan 2020 är lag i Sverige. Rekommendat-ioner från den första delrapporten innefattar att rusta unga med färdigheter för att möta livets svårigheter och höja kunskapen om psykisk ohälsa. Det handlar också om att bistå vuxna med kunskap om psykisk hälsa och verk-tyg som främjar hälsa för att kunna stödja unga. Insatser för att främja unga personers hälsa bör följas upp under en längre tid.I denna rapport presenteras röster från unga och yrkesverksamma vuxna i ungas närhet om ungas livssituation kopplat till livsfärdigheter, psykisk hälsa och behov av stöd. Genom att lyssna in unga kan vi bättre hitta framgångsfaktorer för att främja ungas psykiska hälsa och välbefinnande.
Optimal Storage Conditions to Improve the Performance of Chip-Based TLR Biosensor
Authors: Park Chankyu
Published: April 2021

A chip-based electrochemical biosensor allows a rapid and cost-effective measurement which can take less than 30 mins. In comparison, the current method of detecting bacteria is expensive and time-consuming because it must go through cell culturing and laboratory work, which can take 5 days. For this reason, we have been developing a chip-based electrochemical biosensor by modifying commercially available chips. Biosensors using antibodies and DNA are great for identifying specific strains of bacteria. However, their narrow scope is not suited for environmental monitoring. We have been using Toll-like Receptors as the biorecognition element, which has a wider scope detecting a wide range of pathogens. The constructed biosensors are tested against diacylated lipopeptide (Pam2CSK4), a Pathogen Associated Molecular Pattern. Some of the chips are tested right away against Pam2CSK4 while the rest of them are stored in different storage conditions varying in temperatures, buffers and additives. The performance of the chips before and after each storage condition is compared. Finding an optimal condition to maintain and enhance the performance of the chip is critical when it comes to real-life application. However, it is challenging to maintain stability of the protein bound to the chip surface because multiple factors need to be considered such as the adhesive force strength of each layer. We are putting in more effort in developing the understanding towards this direction.
Do Associations Affect Who Gets Blamed?
Authors: Goddeeris Hailey
Published: April 2021

Blame and responsibility are ascribed to individuals who are directly or indirectly involved with harmful actions. Previous literature suggests that individuals are more likely to assign blame to an individual rather than a collective group, when individual actions and intentions are identified. If a group is viewed as a single unit, then blame is placed on the whole group, even if the action is performed by one member. Parents are often blamed for the actions of their children, without being involved in the child’s actions. Knowledge of group entitativity, and how intent and action of members in a group affects distribution of blame has been largely overlooked. The present study examined the difference in the amount of blame assigned to individuals. Specifically, we examined a situation where both individuals are not involved in a harmful action, but one is associated with the harming agent, while the other is not. My results suggest that adults use association to assign blame, indicating that association alone is enough for blame assignment.
Understanding the Global Trade of Second-Hand Clothing by Analyzing Used Clothing Donor Perceptions in Ottawa
Authors: Hernandez Tayler
Published: April 2021

The second-hand clothing commodity chain is a global, multi-billion dollar trading network which has been growing steadily since the early 1990s. Used clothing tends to be exported from high-income countries, like Canada, to low-income countries around the world, undermining local apparel industries, livelihoods, and environments. Despite this, North Americans are often ethically motivated to donate; framing their donations within humanitarian and environmental aspirations. In other words, there is a disjuncture between the perceptions of used clothing donors, and the livelihood and environmental impacts on the ground in receiving countries. I take an action-research approach to explore and address this tension, and my work is guided by the question: how do donors of used clothing view their role within the second-hand clothing commodity chain and how does this impact their clothing donation behaviour? I draw from semi-structured interviews (n = 20) with students at Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario, who have donated used clothing at least four times within the past two years. Young Canadians are an important study group because they are still developing donation habits. In particular, university students can help shape the future of the second-hand clothing industry. I am confident that by improving environmental education and making students aware of the ecological and livelihood impacts of used clothing donation, my action-research approach not only has the potential to impact life-long behavioural change of participants but will uncover creative alternatives for Canada to develop a second-hand clothing industry that is more environmentally viable and socially ethical.
Use of Progressive Rock in Donkey Kong Country (1994)
Authors: Spencer Brooke
Published: April 2021

Whereas most of Nintendo’s music from the 1990s used basic looping structure and simple chiptune-reminiscent sounds, Donkey Kong Country (1994), composed by British composer David Wise rather than by Nintendo’s in-house composition team, featured texturally more complex music, including features characteristic of the 1970s/80s progressive rock style such as short repeated melodies and chord progressions with layering (Collins 44).

 For example, in “Fear Factory” (Figure 1), we hear a repeated chord progression of (VI, iv, i) underneath a faster eighth-note melody. Very little harmonic movement occurs and the focus is more on the melodic layers that occur in this top voice. In addition, “Fear Factory” includes unconventional punk, “mechanic/industrial”, and “glitch” noises that emphasize melodic content (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v18pEFQb3EM&t=45s). As William Cheng discusses in Sound Play, the use of such unconventional sounds often contribute to a feeling of dissociation and alienation in the player, and create a divide between diegetic (that is, music the characters are aware of) and non-diegetic (that is, “background” music) soundscapes (Cheng 98-9). While this is not a direct element of prog-rock, both industrial and prog-rock music styles feature a strong focus on texture. Collins speculates that this may have been an attempt by Nintendo to capitalize on the ‘edgier’ market of other game producers such as Sega (Collins 46).

In this paper, an analysis of form, melodic structure, and instrumentation from Donkey Kong Country’s “Treetop Rock” and “Fear Factory” will demonstrate features atypical of Nintendo style, which normally features catchy tunes, simple instrumentation, and pop-inspired harmonies.

Figure 1:

e-:  VI               iv                      I                                       VI                    ivBibliography

Cheng, William. Sound Play: Video Games and the Musical Imagination. The Oxford Music/media Series. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.

Collins, Karen. Game Sound an Introduction to the History, and Practice of Video Game Music and Sound Design. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2008.
Debating the Supreme Court of Canada's Role in Governing Minority Groups with the Charter
Authors: Han Jiaxi (Jessie)
Published: April 2021

The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms empowers the Supreme Court to interpret and uphold values entrenched in the Constitution by giving it the responsibility to review legislative and executive actions, and invalidate them in case of non-compliance. While scholars have noted the growing influence of the Court’s judicial power on policy outcomes, its supporters argue that a robust interpretation of rights protects citizens to be treated equally in order to participate in democratic politics; on the other hand, its critics suspect how judicial reviews could avoid interfering with the will of people, which is expressed through elected representatives in other branches of the government. Despite such disagreement, most scholars think the Charter creates new constitutional actors in the form of ethnic minorities, and therefore makes balancing between different interests especially difficult and controversial.

My paper picks up on this debate in the scholarly literature to argue that the Court often tends to place a greater emphasis on equality over liberty when interpreting the Charter, and some freedoms cannot be achieved without the government actively promotes them through direct intervention. To develop this argument, I examine how the changes in relationship between Canadian government and minority groups impose challenges in governing the country as a result of the Charter. In particular, I focus on cases involving religious and language minorities to illustrate how the Court attempts to solve the legal puzzle following secular and egalitarian principles.

 

References

Beaman, Lori G. 2012. “Is Religious Freedom Impossible in Canada?” Law, Culture and the Humanities 8(2): 266-84.

Grover, Sonja. 2006. “The right to minority language public school education as a function of the equality guarantee: a reanalysis of the Gosselin Supreme Court of Canada Charter case.” Education and the Law 18(4): 283-94.

Hiebert, Janet L. 2002. Charter Conflicts: What Is Parliament’s Role? Montreal & Kingston: McGill-Queen’s University Press.

Manfredi, Christopher P. 1994. “‘Appropriate and Just in the Circumstances’: Public Policy and the Enforcement of Rights under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.” Canadian Journal of Political Science 27(3): 435-63.

Morton, F.L. and Rainer Knopff. 2000. The Charter Revolution and the Court Party. Peterborough: Broadview Press.

Smithey, Shannon Ishiyama. 2001. “Religious Freedom and Equality Concerns under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.” Canadian Journal of Political Science 34(1): 85-107.

Weinrib, Lorraine Eisenstat. 2001. “The Activist Constitution.” Judicial Power and Canadian Democracy, ed. Paul Howe and Peter H. Russell. Montreal & Kingston: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
Setting Boundaries: Lessons on When to Not Make Theatre
Authors: Fenwick Allie
Published: April 2021

A common thread throughout much of Canada’s current theatrical output is that it asks audiences to think deeply about themselves and their connection to the material. Working with the idea that theatre has an important social and educational impact, my essay examines the need to set boundaries for theatre content. These boundaries are meant to function as a set of guidelines for managing controversial artistic choices, especially in a culture where artistic freedom and productive controversy are at stake. Some of the criteria I have developed for how to set boundaries include: how the work represents its subjects; what Canadians see as taboo; personal limitations individuals set for themselves; and, contentious timing. My research examines recent case studies, starting with Robert Lepage’s Kanata, which aimed to discuss Canada’s settler history, however, was cancelled in Canada after Indigenous artists and activists wrote an open letter concerning the lack of Indigenous presence in the cast and production team. I then move to an example that challenges my proposed model with Prom Queen: The Musical, a play about an Ontario student and his boyfriend battling the Catholic school board to go to prom together. I argue that although the play may not represent the values of the school board, adequate representation of the board’s ideals should be disregarded due to their anti-LGBTQ2+ beliefs. Through these examples and more, my research found that there are certain boundaries that should not be crossed in theatre. However, determining where these boundaries are situated remains in constant negotiation.
Making Meaning Count: A Phenomenological Approach to Understanding Student Meaning-Making Processes and Academic Outcomes
Authors: Tang Laura
Published: April 2021

The income-gap between Canadian families has widened in recent years. Students from low-income households often start their educational careers behind their peers. This gap in educational attainment and advantage often follows them throughout the duration of their educational development (Davies and Guppy 2010). While these systemic inequalities continue to perpetuate social processes resulting in the limitations of student capabilities, this paper works towards establishing a phenomenological lens which may be used to mitigate the disparity in the academic performance of students from low-income households compared to those of their peers – in particular, the ways in which poverty impacts self-concept and, ensuingly, academic performance amongst students. To establish this framework, this paper explores the phenomenological concepts of the life-world and the theory of embodiment.

References:

Davies, S., & Guppy, N. (2010). The schooled society: An introduction to the sociology of education. Oxford University Press. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016
Embodying Resistance: Power as Internal Resistance in Fanon's Black Skin, White Masks
Authors: Hamilton Trevell
Published: April 2021

Commonplace definitions of resistance define it as specific form of political resistance; as a process in which individuals’ band together in hopes of resisting a particular structure and achieving a common goal – but Fanon differs in this regard. For Fanon, resistance must be a twofold project: before individuals deploy higher-order methods of resistance, such as social and political resistance, he urges us, by way of demonstration, to adopt methods of internal resistance. Therefore, a philosophy of resistance must not only manifest itself in social and political practices; it must also serve as an embodied philosophy that individuals adopt in their everyday lives.

Thus, my intention here is to investigate notions of power and resistance within Frantz Fanon’s Black Skin, White Masks. More specifically, I seek to show that in Black Skin, White Masks Fanon’s conceives of those bearing power as having the capacity to resist – a capacity that is derived from within. Power, then, can manifest itself as a form of self-motivated, embodied resistance towards systems and structures that impact an individual’s internal disposition – their beliefs, lenses, and psychological temperament.

 However, in order to develop an account of self-motivated, embodied resistance, we also need to develop the proper philosophical tools that can be used to draw the boundaries between power and dominance, to combat the possibility of false self-motivation, and to provide a working definition of self-motivation, embodiment, and resistance.
The Chinese Diaspora in Canada
Authors: Law Karen
Published: April 2021

In this project, research is conducted through alternative research methodologies like artistic and visual research. The Chinese Diaspora and the themes pertaining to the topic are inquired through the investigation of archival images from the late 19th to early 20th century. The artist, as researcher, used the digital databases of Library and Archives Canada to conduct visual research on the Chinese Diaspora. The artist then uses historical images as a starting point for artistic research which questions the attitudes in which Chinese communities have been viewed by mainstream Canadian society and how such sentiments fit into Canadian whiteness and Canadian multiculturalism. Using both, painting and printmaking in her practice, Law examines historical images of the Chinese-Canadian diaspora’s history to investigate her own experiences as a racialized person and connects both historical and contemporary attitudes surrounding diversity. The process of artistic research is then presented as a series of print and paintings, cumulated in the 2019 Union Gallery installation, Unassimilable.
Can you get emotional support through a screen? A look into digital and in-person emotional support and emotion regulation
Authors: Lin Lauren
Published: April 2021

Social support is positively related to overall well-being and relationship quality with others, and specifically, may help with successful emotion regulation (Himle, Jayaratne, & Thyness, 2008; Liang, Ho, Li, & Turban, 2014; Strine, Chapman, Balluz, & Mokdad, 2008; Thoits, 2011). With the rapid increase in the use of information and communication technologies (ICT), much social support is now sought and received digitally rather than in person, which involves different methods of interacting with others. The current study examines the indirect effects of seeking and receiving social support both digitally and in-person on the relationship between emotion intensity and emotion regulation success. Two hundred participants were recruited from the Queen’s University psychology participant pool. Participants were prompted through a smart phone experience sampling app three times a day for two weeks to answer questions about their emotions and social support. We predict that emotion intensity will be related to lower emotion regulation success but more seeking and receiving social support. We also predict that seeking and receiving social support will be related to each other and that they will both be related to higher emotion regulation success. Additionally, it is expected that seeking and receiving emotional support in-person and digitally will be part of two indirect pathways from emotion intensity and emotion regulation success. The current study will provide information on whether digital emotional support has equivalent beneficial effects on emotion regulation as in-person emotional support, which could inform targets for future emotion regulation interventions.

References:

Himle, D. P., Jayaratne, S., & Thyness, P. (1989). The effects of emotional support on burnout, work stress and mental health among Norwegian and American social workers. Journal of social service research, 13(1), 27-45. doi: 10.1300/J079v13n01_02

Liang, T. P., Ho, Y. T., Li, Y. W., & Turban, E. (2011). What drives social commerce: The role of social support and relationship quality. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 16(2), 69-90. doi: 10.2753/JEC1086-4415160204

Strine, T. W., Chapman, D. P., Balluz, L., & Mokdad, A. H. (2008). Health-related quality of life and health behaviors by social and emotional support. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 43(2), 151-159. doi: 10.1007/s00127-007-0277-x

Thoits, P. A. (2011). Mechanisms linking social ties and support to physical and mental health. Journal of health and social behavior, 52(2), 145-161. doi: 10.1177/0022146510395592
Fashioning Enemies of the State: Investigating Sartorial Subversion in Soviet States
Authors: Pulver Ben
Published: April 2021

As far back as 1867, early-modern fashion has been the subject of harsh criticism. In his Critique of Political Economy, Marx referred to fashion as “murderous” and as having “meaningless caprices” (Marx and Engels 1967). The Soviet states certainly recognized the importance of clothing to reflect and inform its citizens of the preferred modest lifestyle. The main purpose of this study is to analyze two specific cases of sartorial resistance in two Soviet societies. Specifically, I will be examining the case of Allerleirauh (1980-89) in East Germany, and the Stilyagi (1940s-1960s) in Soviet Russia. In order to test the differences and similarities in the sartorial subversions, I will analyze a number of primary and secondary documents. There are four forms of primary documents that I will analyze: state-run magazines, periodicals, and photographs (both state-sponsored, and fringe), from the GDR and Soviet Russia. My interpretation— of the visual and textual responses to the youth groups who subverted the sartorial codes of the GDR and in Soviet Russia— has led me to propose two main speculative-conclusions. First, the responses by the government, such as the satirical cartoons of the Stilyagi, reveal the extent to which government officials recognized, and felt threatened by, the potential potency of dress to cause political disturbance. Second, the reactions of condemnation towards the fashionably-dissident makes salient the recognition that visual culture and semiotics in fashion, particularly when the body (as a sort of canvas) is implicated, can yield politically-threatening influence.
التحليل الكميائي للمياه المعبأة في محافظة دهوك
Authors: Abdulrahman Dadvan H.
Published: April 2021

ان مياه الذي تستخدم للشرب من الحاجات الأنسان الاساسية والتي لايمكن الأستغناء عنها  ومن المفروض ان يكون فيها معايير محددة من حيث الطعم و اللون بالأضافة الي المواصفات الفيزيائية و الكميائية و البيولوجية . لقد ازدهر صناعة المياه المعبأة  في الاونة الاخيرة وقد زاد االاستخدام عليها  في معظم انحاء العالم ولأسياب مختلفة و من ابرزها جودة المياه واستمرار نوعية المياه الجيدة في كل الاوقات في حين ان المياه  تتغير جودتها مع نوعية المياه بالإضافة الى احتمالية تلوثها اثناء نقلها او عند سوء تخزينها مما يؤدى الى تغير بعض  الصفات الفيزيائية و الكميائية للمياه وعلى هذا الاساس فقد تم اختيار عينات محددة  لجميع الشركات التى تقوم بتعبئة المياه المعباة على مستوى محافظة دهوك ومن ثم تم فحص جميع العينات كميائيا وفيزيائيا للحصول على نتائج مختبرية لتلك العينات.
Quando a Pedagogia encontra o punhetódromo: masturbação em uma Comunidade de Atendimento Socioeducativo de Salvador
Authors: Correia Sandro Costa , Colling Leandro
Published: April 2021

O texto analisa como a masturbação, realizada por adolescentes e jovens em situação de privação de liberdade, em uma unidade do sistema socioeducativo de Salvador, se constitui em um importante foco para pensar sobre o controle da segurança coletiva, a reiteração e a subversão das normas de sexualidade dentro dos alojamentos. Por isso, argumentamos que a masturbação pode ser utilizada por uma pedagogia que considere o erotismo como parte fundamental da vida das pessoas, sem negligenciar a existência das práticas sexuais no âmbito da privação de liberdade e como elas podem estabelecer vínculos que ultrapassam o lugar da violência
Transient vitamin B12 deficiency of maternal cause: case report
Authors: Feitosa Ludmila , Pereira Danilo , Maia Marianna , Fernandes Neta Maria , Jurema Nahara , Teixeira Karine
Published: April 2021

Vitamin B12 or cyanocobalamin is obtained from the intake of food of restricted animal origin, especially milk, meat and eggs. During pregnancy, the fetus reserves vitamin B12 in the liver. This reserve is able to provide the needs of this vitamin in the first months of life. Our case refers to a 6-month-old infant in exclusive breastfeeding, who started a picture of loss of neuropsychomotor development, associated with hypotonia and megaloblastic anemia. Exams showed low serum levels of vitamin B12 and increased values of methylmalonic acid and homocysteine. Maternal research was performed, even if asymptomatic and without reports of comorbidities. Patient presented progressive improvement with vitamin B12 replacement, which was subsequently suspended, remaining only with the diet and with good evolution.
Estrategia multidimensional de seguridad nacional. Propuesta 2018 - 2028
Authors: Cabrera Ortíz Fabricio , Tobar Soler Oscar Alexander
Published: April 2021

La presente Estrategia ha sido conceptualizada y presentada de tal forma que su asimilación no se torne compleja, propiciando su practicidad, así como su adecuada ejecución.
Sri Lankan dental professionals’ knowledge of the Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19): a questionnaire survey
Authors:   Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400 Sri Lanka, Jayasinghe Ruwan Duminda , Jayasinghe Rasika ,   Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400 Sri Lanka, Lakshman Kalani Hettiarrachchi ,   Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400 Sri Lanka, Samaranayake Perera ,   Department of Oral Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Published: April 2021

Background Dental practitioners are some of the most vulnerable professionals exposed to the risk of contracting the Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19), by virtue of the aerosol generating procedures (AGPs). Hence, an evidence based and detailed knowledge of the disease is important in order to mitigate the effects of the COVID-19 transmission. Aim To identify the perspective, knowledge, and attitudes of Sri Lankan dental surgeons on the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods An online web-based, self-administered questionnaire survey (Google) was conducted among Sri Lankan dental surgeons. All questions, in the pre-tested questionnaire were close-ended, and formulated to elicit data on the views, knowledge, attitudes, and infection control practices related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Results One quarter of the cohort responded and the majority (44.7%) were 30-40 years old with a marginal female preponderance (52.3%). In general, females were significantly more knowledgeable than males on COVID-19, and the post-pandemic preparedness for dental practice (p<0.05). One sixth (18.2 %) incorrectly surmised that, i) pet animals were a source of infection, ii) COVID-19 is not transmitted via surface contact and iii) hand hygiene is not important in preventing infection transmission. All respondents correctly identified AGPs as a high-risk procedure for infection transmission, but approximately two thirds failed to identify specific AGPs in dentistry. Conclusion Taken together, the knowledge, attitudes and practices of Sri Lankan dental surgeons on the COVID-19 pandemic appear satisfactory, but there are knowledge gaps that need to be fulfilled through further continuous education courses.