bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Dento-alveolar Traumatic Injuries in a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Authors: Osman Afreen , Dodhia Serena A , Fan Kathleen , Ahluwalia Meera
Published: October 2024

This case report details the multidisciplinary management and follow-up of a 9-year-old boy diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). He presented with severe intrusion injuries after a fall to his permanent maxillary central and lateral incisor teeth. The patient was initially seen in the emergency department by the maxillofacial team. Owing to the complexity of the dento-alveolar injury, it was felt that a multidisciplinary approach would improve patient outcomes. In theatre, both maxillofacial and paediatric dental teams managed the acute trauma. The paediatric dental team continued to review and follow-up with the child. A multidisciplinary team is ideal for managing paediatric patients with severe dental trauma and complex behavioural needs. This approach ensures the best care for patients and favourable outcomes.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Multidisciplinary management is important in paediatric dento-alveolar trauma.
Prosthodontic Rehabilitation of a Patient with an Anterior Fibrous Edentulous Maxilla opposed by a Partially Dentate Mandible
Authors: Premathilaka LKN , Vasantha S
Published: October 2024

Tooth loss may affect the dietary patterns, phonetics, appearance, and lifestyle of affected individuals. Therefore, patients require the replacement of missing teeth to allow adequate function, appearance, and psychological wellbeing. However, the replacement of missing teeth in patients at the transitional stage from the natural to the artificial dentition can pose a significant challenge to a clinician. This case describes the management of a patient with an ill-fitting upper complete denture, which rested on an anterior fibrous edentulous maxilla, opposing a partially dentate mandible.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Selection of the optimum treatment option available to manage a patient with an anterior fibrous edentulous maxilla opposed by a partially dentate mandible is important.
Silent Sinus Syndrome: A Paediatric Condition Diagnosed in the Orthodontic Department
Authors: Lourenco Fiona , Tyler Daniel , Houghton Nadine
Published: October 2024

Silent sinus syndrome (SSS) is defined as unilateral maxillary sinus hypoplasia and orbital floor resorption. This case report highlights a rare paediatric diagnosis of SSS during an orthodontic clinic. The diagnostic orthopantogram (OPG) and cone-beam computed tomography showed complete opacification of the left maxillary sinus. Following referral to the ear, nose and throat (ENT) department, a CT sinus confirmed SSS. Owing to the risk of facial asymmetry in a growing adolescent patient without surgical intervention, functional endoscopic sinus surgery will be used to manage this. This case highlights the importance of a thorough investigation of incidental findings.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: The clinical relevance of early diagnosis of silent sinus syndrome and its implications on facial symmetry is discussed.
Hemisection Procedure Facilitated by 3D Printing and a Customized Surgical Guide: A Novel Approach
Authors: Joshi Vatsal Jatinbhai , Arora Ankit Ved , Gajera Seema Girish , Kapoor Sonali Vinod , Jagtap Manali Ajay
Published: October 2024

When there is a lesion in a multi-rooted tooth, but only one root is infected, resective therapies are an effective treatment option for maintaining natural tooth structure. Hemisection may be the best line of action when a single root is decayed or periodontally compromised, but the other is intact. As precision and accuracy are paramount in ensuring the success of this procedure, this case explores the integration of 3D printing technology to create a patient-specific surgical guide that demonstrates excellent adaptability and precision during hemisection procedures. The integration of 3D printing technology in hemisection procedures, through the use of a customized surgical guide, offers a promising avenue for precision dentistry. This case report depicts a situation where the distal root of LR6 had extensive bone loss. Hemisection was planned for the tooth using 3D printing and a customized surgical guide to perform the procedure preserving the mesial root.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: The use of patient-specific surgical guides, along with CBCT and 3D printing, can enhance the clinical outcome for hemisection.
The Theory of Relativity (K)
Authors: Kuzminov I. V.
Published: October 2024

The proposed article is a new alternative version of the Theory of Relativity. The version is based on the concepts of classical Newtonian physics and does not deny the existing calculation base. The proposed theory completely denies Einstein's existing Theory of Relativity. The only thing that connects these theories is that the proposed theory is also built on postulates. The proposed theory is intended to establish the foundation of classical Newtonian physics. The proposed theory is intended to establish continuity in the development of the fundamentals of physics and is intended to eliminate all kinds of speculation in explanations of physical phenomena. An example of such speculation is Einstein's Theory of Relativity (E).
A Petrophysical Properties Evaluation Study of a Niger Delta Field Using Well Logs and Core Data
Authors: Frank Adizua, Okechukwu , Ugochukwu Uzu, Daniel
Published: October 2024

A petrophysical properties evaluation study of an onshore field “NEMA” was carried out to assess the petrophysical characteristics of the field in the eastern portion of the Niger Delta Basin. This was done in an effort to determine the hydrocarbon prospect and oil productivity potential of the reservoirs. The net/gross thickness was one of the examined parameters. (pay zone thickness), porosity, permeability, fluid saturation which were all inferred from geophysical wireline logs and core data. The wireline logs used in the investigation included density, resistivity, gamma ray, and spontaneous potential logs for five different wells from the “NEMA” oil field. Five reservoirs designated, NEMA 01, NEMA 04, NEMA 07, NEMA 09, and NEMA 12 were identified and correlated across the five wells in the field using gamma ray logs and shale resistivity markers. Based on the computation of petrophysical parameters, the porosity of the reservoirs ranged from 0.22 (22%) to 0.31 (31%); the permeability ranged from 851.58 mD to 1005.05 mD; the average net-to-gross thickness of the reservoir sand bodies was 140 ft; the water saturation value was less than 45%, while the hydrocarbon saturation was greater than 55%. We equally observed that our computed petrophysical parameters from well log data correlated well with the core computed values in NEMA 09. In conclusion, the delineated reservoirs were categorized as good hydrocarbon reservoirs. These results suggest huge hydrocarbon potential and a reservoir system whose performance is considered satisfactory for hydrocarbon production.
Becoming a young father: transitions, identities, choices, constraints
Authors: Neale Bren , Tarrant Anna
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores the changing identities and practices of the young men as they attempt to prepare for parenthood. How this transition is triggered- the extent to which young men exercise their sexual and reproductive agency - is a key focus of discussion. The implications of the findings for the development of Relationship and Sex Education (RSE) provision is explored here, not least for those young men who fathered more than one child over the course of the study. The chapter considers how far the ethos of engaged fatherhood (introduced in Chapter 1) shapes the aspirations and practices of these young men. It reveals their ambivalence about their new status: the pregnancies were generally unplanned and came as a shock, in some cases, leading to mental health problems. Nevertheless, the young men developed a strong desire to ‘be there’ for their children. A range of factors enabled or constrained them in fulfilling this aspiration. Relational, behavioural and safeguarding barriers led some poorly resourced young fathers to lose contact with their children over time. However other young men, particularly those who were well resourced, found ways to sustain an engagement with their children over time.
Reconfiguring families: intergenerational care and support?
Authors: Neale Bren , Tarrant Anna
Published: October 2024

In this chapter the relational themes introduced in Chapter 5 are extended to consider the wider constellation of family relationships that impact on young fathers. The varied nature of grandparent support and its sustainability over time is given detailed attention. The discussion charts how grandparents reacted to the news of a pregnancy; their engagement and influence in decision making; their practical, financial and emotional support for the young men; and how such support may evolve or dissipate over time. Issues of grandparent influence, interference, neglect and oppression are also explored, revealing that while this support may be vital for young parents, it may be experienced as a curse rather than a blessing. The gendered nature of this support is also explored, showing how grandparent involvement and influence is more likely to flow vertically down the generations in the maternal household, rather than flowing horizontally between the young parents themselves. This can further marginalise the efforts of young fathers. Overall, fresh insights are offered into the sustainability of inter-generational support, and what happens when grandparental support is withdrawn or becomes a source of tension between the generations. The implications of these findings for family policy and professional practice are considered, in a context where kin care is increasingly assumed and relied upon by state welfare agencies.
Finding a place to parent: young fathers’ housing needs and pathways
Authors: Ladlow Linzi
Published: October 2024

This chapter traces the varied housing pathways of young fathers in the context of shifting housing, welfare, and policy processes in the UK. Dynamic research that focuses on the housing trajectories of young fathers is rare, while housing is seldom explored in research about young people’s transitions to parenthood and beyond. Yet, housing has a fundamental impact on the ability of young fathers to establish their parental role and identity and is a major aspect of the political and economic ‘exosystem’ that influences the parenting journeys and experiences of young fathers. A detailed longitudinal and comparative analysis of the young fathers’ accounts of their changing living arrangements over time, reveals ‘yo-yo’ housing trajectories characterised by fluctuating states of (in)dependency on their families, on provisions by the state, and/or on formal support agencies, to secure what is otherwise considered a normative resource for adulthood and parenthood.
Borders of Qualitative Research
Authors: Leigh Jennifer
Published: October 2024

It is rare to be a qualitative researcher who has training and experience across therapy, education, art, and science. It is only through working in and across them all that I have been able to see how close they border onto each other, what is missing from current research mores and texts and trainings, and the potential for harm to both researchers and participants. This potential is magnified with the use of the embodied and creative methods because of their capacity to build rapport and relationships and take people beyond the conscious, surface layers of their experiences and expose their hidden, unconscious, richer truths. This book sets out what can be learned from the lands of art, education, and therapy, and the challenging terrain that represents the no-man’s land between science and qualitative research. Lessons on reflection and reflexivity, awareness, and relationships with and to others and the practical and ethical implications of using creative and embodied research sit alongside case studies of how they have been used in research.
Lessons from science
Authors: Leigh Jennifer
Published: October 2024

It is not often that science and qualitative research are put together. This chapter examines why this might be by considering the scientific method. What is notable in the way it is most commonly taught is the absence of reflection, self-awareness, or the importance and impact of the relationship between the scientist and the world around them. I include an example of how scientific knowledge can enable awareness of the inner body and contribute to fiction as art and science.
Introduction to Part III
Authors: Leigh Jennifer
Published: October 2024

Part III is comprised of four case studies in which I explicitly explore how my creative and embodied research bordered onto education, therapy, art, and science.
Working with children
Authors: Leigh Jennifer
Published: October 2024

This case study draws from two years of somatics sessions with children aged four to 11 which took place in a school setting. It highlights the importance of intention to differentiate between educational and therapeutic content, and how therapeutic outcomes can be gained from research set within an educational setting.
Permanent Racism
Authors: Warmington Paul
Published: October 2024

Racism has no place in British society. That is what we tell ourselves, to show that we deplore crude bigotry and prejudice. However, racism has a very real place in our world. It has structured empires, facilitated genocide, slavery and the mass movement of populations. Racism continues to fuel nationalism and authoritarianism. At the ordinary level it informs experiences of education, employment, criminal justice, health and migration. This book engages with Critical Race Theory from a British standpoint, focusing on a key concept: the permanence of racism, the idea that racism persists in society because of its critically important stabilising role. This challenging idea runs counter to the postracial turn that pervades British politics, wherein symbols of racial progress are prized above actual progress and the concept of institutional racism is delegitimised. The three dominant features of this facile state-led postracialism are: the claim that racism has lost its social salience; strident antagonism to antiracism; the discursive elimination of communities of colour from the politically valued authentic working class. This book comprises a cultural study of discourses of race and class in ‘postracial’ Britain. It challenges the current demonisation of critical race studies, arguing for the need to understand race as a fully social relationship, the need to decolonise postracialism – and to decolonise antiracism itself.
Introduction: ‘no place in our society’
Authors: Warmington Paul
Published: October 2024

Chapter 1’s Introduction comprises an overview of contradictions between colour-coded racism and the contemporary postracial turn in Britain. This Introduction explains why this book takes Critical Race Theorist Derrick Bell’s ‘racial realism’ as the starting point for critiquing Britain’s postracialism. Bell’s anti-utopian critique of liberal race equality saw struggles for racial justice embedded in a permanent cycle of progress and regression: a cycle that would not be readily relinquished. Subsequent CRT analyses have argued that one of the most effective ways of maintaining racism as a means of structuring power is through colourblind, postracial discourses and policies that allow the simultaneous disavowal of crude racism and the rearticulation of racism in more subtle forms. This chapter discusses Britain’s attachment to facile models of postracialism and the dominant desire for the phenomenological disappearance of problems of race and racism. These have produced a contemporary state postracialism: a kind of ‘really existing postracialism’, in which ‘anything but racism’ explanations of social inequality dominate, and in which Britain’s non-racist self-image is a cover for minimising the lived experiences of communities of colour. The chapter argues that analyses of postracialism in Britain should draw upon lessons from Black Atlantic scholarship, including CRT.
Race: real and unreal
Authors: Warmington Paul
Published: October 2024

Chapter 2 asks what it means to be ‘critical’ about ‘race’. The chapter begins by exploring social theories of race and racism, examining the ways in which theorists have understood both the origins of modern ideas about race and the social reproduction of race thinking and practice. In particular, Chapter 2 unpacks the social construct thesis by considering race not only as being socially constructed, but as a fully social relationship (one that is internal to the history of modernity) and as a tool of cultural mediation. The second half of Chapter 2 discusses leading edge approaches in contemporary critical race studies. These include CRT but also critical social theory as applied to race; race critical theory; analyses of racial capitalism; and Afropessimism. By locating CRT within wider Black Atlantic thought, this chapter argues that CRT’s insistence on the centrality of racism does not only derive from its analysis of US civil rights struggles but from a transnational body of scholarship that has understood that racism is not a decorative feature of society and that, though it is in one sense ‘unreal’, it is never merely illusory or subjective.
Postracial Britain
Authors: Warmington Paul
Published: October 2024

What does it mean to describe a society as postracial? The term ‘postracial’ is problematic because it has been used to denote differing worldviews. For some, postracial thinking requires a revolutionary shift, bringing radical incoherence to the narratives of modernity. For others, a postracial world implies, more modestly, a postracist world: a world in which racial inequalities have been removed. However, there is another putative postracialism that rests upon the claim that we have moved into a new phase in British society, wherein Britain’s approach to race equality stands as a model for the world. This facile state postracialism is shaped by an atavistic mistrust of antiracism and by a desire for ‘contradiction closure’: a conclusive end to recognition of problems of race and racism. Its ideology holds that racism has lost social salience and that consequently race is no longer a useful lens through which to understand social inequalities. This chapter examines recent UK policy and political rhetoric, marked by a drive to eliminate concepts of structural and institutional racism and by colourblind, ‘anything but racism’ accounts of why racial inequalities persist.
Schooling Inequality
Authors: Abrahams Jessie
Published: October 2024

Despite the mass expansion of the higher education sector in the UK since the 1960s, young people from disadvantaged backgrounds remain less likely to enter university (and, in particular, elite institutions) than their advantaged counterparts. This book explores the aspirations, experiences and opportunities of young people from different social-class backgrounds against a backdrop of continuing inequalities in education. Schooling Inequality questions the political rhetoric which assumes that social class determines aspirations and that anyone can make it if they work hard enough and aim high enough. Rather, this book highlights how the everyday structures and practices of schooling render young people more or less able to pursue a desired career or higher education pathway despite high aspirations. This is done through drawing on data collected in three secondary schools in one city in England. The research included a survey and interviews with pupils in years 7, 9 and 11 as well as interviews with careers advisors. Alongside considering young people’s personal narratives, this book focuses on the schools themselves; paying close attention to how pupils’ aspirations are shaped within the institution. Schooling Inequality is an emotional and gripping read which also draws upon the author’s personal experiences of inequality and includes a powerful, moving story of one young man whose experience is a testament to the violence inflicted on some young people through the uncaring nature of schools and educational policy in neoliberal times.
Reproduction: social class inequality in education
Authors: Abrahams Jessie
Published: October 2024

This chapter presents a critical overview of the sociological literature on class inequalities in education. It focuses largely on the Bourdieusian strand of research which highlights the structural reproduction of social class inequality through schooling in the UK over time. It also engages with the concept of ‘aspiration’ as defined in literature and policy. In doing so this chapter contributes to critiquing the narrow, linear understanding of aspiration (frequently drawn upon by policy makers) which posits a causal relationship between aspirations and social class. Instead, this chapter argues that there is a need to scrutinise the way in which aspirations are constructed and managed in different schooling contexts. Overall this chapter provides a theoretical framework and backdrop for the reader in understanding the analysis of data which follows.
Aspiration, aspiration, aspiration: “The only thing they’ve forced me to do is keep my options open”
Authors: Abrahams Jessie
Published: October 2024

This chapter looks at the individual aspirations, expectations, knowledge and perceptions of the young people attending each school in respect to careers. In this chapter I argue that, while pupils from all schools had ‘high aspirations’ for their future careers, there remain distinctive (classed) differences in how these were constructed and narrated. As this chapter will demonstrate, most of the Eagles Academy pupils articulated concrete career aspirations, at times with a fixed back-up plan. In contrast, the Grand Hill Grammar and Einstein High pupils’ aspirations were often presented as vague or broad with some young people in these schools unable to imagine a future self at all. I argue that this ‘strategic uncertainty’ is part of the construction of a middle-class habitus centred on ‘keeping the options open’. This is something which is picked up and nurtured in the institutional context as will be discussed in later chapters.
Jake’s story: a journey to reflexivity
Authors: Abrahams Jessie
Published: October 2024

The personal is political. This chapter provides a reflexive account of myself as a researcher from a working-class background and explores the deeply emotional process of conducting research closely tied to one’s own trajectory and life experiences. It does so through discussing my experience of becoming attached to (and mentoring) one participant, Jake, a Year 11 pupil from Eagles Academy. I consider how my emotional connection to his life and struggles with an uncaring institution led me to try to ‘rescue’ him. In this chapter I tell his story alongside my own before discussing the battle I entered with Eagles Academy which ultimately resulted in me being told I could no longer work with or support Jake. This chapter will take the reader on a powerful and emotive journey which sheds light on the often unnoticed, everyday violence inflicted on working-class young people through education. This chapter provides one case study which is an exemplar for many of the issues addressed in earlier chapters of this book. In a sense, this entire book was influenced and shaped by the perspective gained through Jake’s story. As such it is an important story to tell.
Conclusion
Authors: Abrahams Jessie
Published: October 2024

This chapter provides a conclusion to the book through revisiting and responding to the initial research questions. In doing so it pulls together the central arguments of the book to highlight the mechanisms through which inequalities are reproduced through the everyday structures and practices of schooling. The chapter also discusses the implications of this research for policy and practice as well as reflecting on the more recent context of inequalities emergent in the COVID-19 pandemic and with the substitute assessmentprocess.
Conclusion
Authors: Samuel Ruth
Published: October 2024

This chapter brings together key areas discussed in Chapters 2, 3 and 4 to focus on what they can tell us about female teacher agency. This discussion contributes to outlining recommendations to support effective reflective practice among teachers in India. Teacher values outlined in previous chapters act as the foundation for understanding female teacher agency and how reflective practice can be developed within teacher education. Specifically, Chapter 5 outlines the classroom as a space for female teacher empowerment and how reworking teacher effectiveness in India can support reflective practice.
Neoliberalism, division and austerity: precarity and hunger in the UK
Authors: Beck Dave , Gwilym Hefin
Published: October 2024

The Equality Act 2010 is understood to be an all-encompassing approach to safeguarding defined protected characteristics and is a vital instrument of anti-discrimination legislation. However, following the introduction of the Welfare Reform Act 2012, and the recent decade of ideological austerity, precarity and hunger are now an everyday occurrence for many working-class people, as levels of social protection have been stripped away leaving many vulnerable and in need. The association of class identity has equally been eroded following 40 years of neoliberalism, blurring the lines between the classes, yet simultaneously increasing levels of precarity for the working class. This has been no more obvious than in the increasing queues at food banks, providing a safety-net for the most precarious of the working class.
Diverse graduate trajectories in austere times: the case of young working-class women in the UK
Authors: Bentley Laura
Published: October 2024

This chapter analyses the diverse graduate trajectories of young working-class women from the UK. While a university education has long been considered a catalyst for upward social mobility, the opportunities for graduates to attain this mobility have been declining since the turn of the century. Little research has examined the graduate paths of working-class women and their experiences of negotiating routes of social mobility. Drawing on these voices and utilising a Bourdieusian analytical framework, this chapter examines what the transitions of working-class women out of university are marked by, and the barriers that restrain their social mobility. This is foregrounded by a discussion of higher education policy and academic literature which has examined the condition of the graduate employment market and welfare state, and the impact of increasing rates of precarity on young graduates.
Social security policies under the Conservatives 2015–22: austerity, COVID-19 and the living cost crisis
Authors: McKay Stephen , Rowlingson Karen
Published: October 2024

The post-2015 period largely continued the social security policies introduced by the Coalition Government 2010–15, prioritising support for older people over working-age individuals. Key policies included the further implementation of Universal Credit, benefit level freezes (and new caps) for working-age individuals, auto-enrolment for private pensions and the new State Pension. The response to the COVID-19 pandemic showed the potential for change in the social security system, essentially acknowledging the inadequate level of benefits, and hence exposed the gap between the current situation and transformative measures that might be adopted. Levels of poverty in the UK remained consistently high, particularly for families with children, even before the recent cost of living crisis from 2022.
Labour market strategies and welfare policies: the Conservative record
Authors: Daguerre Anne , Etherington David
Published: October 2024

This chapter analyses the trajectory of Conservative welfare reform and active labour market policies post 2015. Overall, there has been a strong continuity between the Coalition government policies (2010–15) and those of successive government policies post 2015. The value of means-tested benefits has been eroded despite some temporary uplifts during the peak of the COVID-19 crisis. After a pause in benefit sanctions and conditionality in 2020–21, both the Prime Minister, Rishi Sunak, and the Chancellor, Jeremy Hunt, have fully supported the return to a harsh conditionality regime based on sticks (benefit sanctions) rather than carrots. For all the rhetoric on ‘levelling up’, Conservative governments have not developed a workforce investment strategy; there has been no investment in skills, health and human capital in the poorest parts of the country.
Towards a scholarship of Critical Lived Experience Engagement: big feelings, big stories, big learning
Authors: Moran Rebecca J.
Published: October 2024

Researcher, writer, artist and educator Rebecca J. Moran takes readers backstage on lived experience-led teaching, training and consultancy. She unwinds some of the complex aspects of lived experience work, both celebrating and problematising common modes of engaging with lived experience. Rebecca then shares examples of lived experience stories that she has used in her work as an educator, first telling the story, then unpacking and reflecting on the reasons for using this story in this way. She asks questions that have so far remained ‘out of bounds’ in lived experience engagement, in the hope that this kind of critical analysis will help strengthen emerging scholarship on working ethically with lived experience using a Critical Lived Experience Engagement lens.
Ethical and decolonial considerations of co-research in refugee studies: what are we missing?
Authors: Atem Atem Dau , Higgins Maree
Published: October 2024

This chapter reflects on two under-explored ethical ideas in co-research with people from refugee backgrounds – the ethics of relationship and the ethics of witnessing and documenting. It critically assesses accepted practices in refugee studies including presenting lived experience narratives in mediated forms, lack of attention to epistemic justice, and culturally unsafe norms and practices. By delving into their own experiences of collaborative research, as well as sharing vignettes about their research training, the authors crystallise ideas about lived experience as a creation of the collective, as well as ways to conduct research that are culturally relevant, safe and meaningful for communities. The authors suggest a rethink of informed consent, knowledge co-dissemination, and inclusion of diverse worldviews to promote lived experience agency and the decolonisation of co-research in refugee studies.
The potential of lived experience-led knowledge to dismantle the academy
Authors: Lenette Caroline , Higgins Maree
Published: October 2024

The final chapter discusses the potential of lived experience-led knowledge to dismantle academic norms and outlines why disrupting such standards is increasingly important. As the diverse contributions in this edited collection demonstrate, there are strengths to lived experience-led scholarship that no other approach to research can replicate. However, the ongoing silencing and manipulation of lived experience in academic contexts has sabotaged efforts to effect meaningful change for those experiencing injustices first-hand. Lived experience-led scholarship has the potential to dismantle the academy because it addresses recurring concerns in social justice research and literature about what constitutes knowledge and whose perspectives are valued. Such research is unapologetically personal, inherently intersectional and undeniably visible. These characteristics challenge long-held notions about what quality research should prioritise and address epistemic injustices in the literature. We conclude with reflections on the enriching and challenging aspects of editing this book.
The social model
Authors: Forrester Donald
Published: October 2024

The idea of the social model is introduced through an historical account of its development first by disability rights campaigners and then in other areas. The distinctive focus on critiquing the nature of social problems, prioritising the voice of those directly experiencing an issue and emphasising social causes and solutions for such issues is considered. The emergence from a rights focus makes the social model particularly consistent with rights focused practice, though the fact that the social model does not seek to provide an account of practice is a limitation for social workers. It is argued that it is in combination with a Humanist tradition that it is possible to meld the critical focus of the social model with individual practices that pay attention to the views and experiences of those worked with. Together they provide a strong theoretical foundation for rights focused practice.
Social work, rights and society
Authors: Forrester Donald
Published: October 2024

This brief final chapter reviews the wider implications of a rights focused perspective on social work. It is suggested that it has fundamental implications for what we perceive to be the aims of social work, and therefore for how we evaluate and lead such services. For instance, rights focused practices – such as policing or courts – are not usually best judged by outcomes. Processes are intrinsically important for rights focussed practice. This explains much of the complexity in leading or research in social work. More generally, the book ends with a polemic in favour of the contribution that rights focused practice can make not just for individuals but in creating a good society, that is one that is humane, kind, authoritative and respectful.
Engaging communities
Authors: O'Reilly Carina
Published: October 2024

This chapter begins by exploring the legislation and guidance around police engagement with the public in the UK. It pays particular attention to the resilience of the public meeting as a way of engaging the public, despite its well-known disadvantages. It explores different methods of engagement and the problems and benefits of each; as well as how neighbourhood policing teams can best communicate with the public, including through virtual meetings and social media.
Introduction
Authors: Boltvinik Julio
Published: October 2024

In March 1980, I started working as Director of Essential Needs in COPLAMAR, an agency attached to the President’s Office in Mexico and responsible for improving the living conditions in the country’s poor areas and among groups designated as marginalised. My role was to coordinate a research team of around 20 professionals working on the unsatisfaction of essential needs in Mexico. This team was the largest part of the agency’s General Direction of Socioeconomic Studies. I started studying poverty from the standpoint of unsatisfied needs, which to this day has been the central element in my conception of poverty. COPLAMAR was shut down in December 1982 with the arrival of a new federal government; however, understanding and fighting poverty has been my vocation and main occupation since that time. Although from the beginning of this century I have broadened my outlook and started aiming at the more ambitious purpose of human flourishing (to which I added, in the second decade of this century, the fashionable topic of well-being (WB), including subjective WB), poverty remains among my core tasks. I am aware that achieving human flourishing and generalised WB is impossible, or is only possible for a reduced elite, if poverty is not overcome first. I have worked with international organisations (particularly the UNDP and CROP); in Mexican left-wing political parties; in the Mexican Congress; in the Mexico City government; as a journalist in the critical national newspaper La Jornada, writing a weekly column called Moral Economy since 1995; and primarily in the academic world as a full-time researcher and Professor at El Colegio de México – a postgraduate and research institution devoted to the social sciences and the humanities in Mexico City – since 1992, and also as a visiting professor at the British Universities of East Anglia, Bristol, and Manchester. My work in all these institutions has largely focused on poverty, social policy, and human flourishing.
Beyond nudge: advancing the state-of-the-art of Behavioural Public Policy and Administration
Authors: Ewert Benjamin , Loer Kathrin , Thomann Eva
Published: October 2024

In this introduction, we develop a behaviourally informed, integrated conceptual model of the policy process that embeds individual attitudes and behaviour into context at the meso and macro level. We argue that behavioural approaches can be situated within a broader tradition of methodological individualism. Despite focusing on the micro level of policy processes, the contributions in this issue demonstrate that the behavioural study of public policy and administration can go beyond the individual level and give important insights into policy and societal outcomes. Our model enables us to draw more substantial lessons from behavioural research by moving beyond the verification of individual behaviour change. If based on a broad conceptual design and methodological pluralism, behavioural policies bear the potential to better understand, investigate and shape social outcomes.
Why nudge sometimes fails: fatalism and the problem of behaviour change
Authors: Entwistle Tom
Published: October 2024

Nudge presumes that decision-making is guided by intuitive biases and heavily influenced by the environment in which choices are made. However, critics argue that in place of the quick thinking envisaged by nudge behaviour change reflects deeper and broader thought processes. One of these patterns of thinking – fatalism – has been identified across health and allied disciplines as key to explaining the reason why many people ignore authoritative advice. Insights drawn from a critical review of the fatalism literature explain why nudges sometimes fail. While a fatalist mindset seems to make some of us more susceptible to nudges, it prompts others to respond to nudges in surprising and dysfunctional ways.
Behavioural insights teams in practice: nudge missions and methods on trial
Authors: Ball Sarah , Head Brian W.
Published: October 2024

Behavioural and experimental projects have become increasingly popular with policymakers. Behavioural insights teams have used several policy design and implementation tools drawn from behavioural sciences, especially randomised controlled trials, to test the design of ‘nudge’ interventions. This approach has attained discursive legitimacy in government agencies seeking to use the best available evidence for behaviourally informed, evidence-based policy innovation. We examine the practices of governmental behavioural insights teams in Australia, drawing on two research projects that included interviews with key personnel. We find that teams make strong commitments to using and promoting randomised controlled trials in government policy innovation. Nevertheless, some members of these teams are beginning to appreciate the constraints of relying solely on randomised controlled trials in the development of behavioural public policy. We conclude that while an initial focus on rigorous trials helped behavioural insights teams establish themselves in policymaking, strict adherence may represent a risk to their long-term growth and relevance.
Introduction
Authors: Turtle Kellie , Bloomer Fiona
Published: October 2024

This chapter provides a critical overview of the terrain of contemporary issues on abortion and faith globally. The chapters construct a schema of international perspectives to set the context for the chapters that follow, providing an introduction to the synthesising of wide-ranging research from the contributing authors. The Introduction explains that treatment of the religious material in the book is that of lived religion, applied in social science literature to analyse the complex and nuanced abortion experiences and views of religious people that do not reflect the official religious position. The discussion of abortion policy, access and discourse is approached through the theoretical lens of reproductive justice, a framework for scholarship and practice developed by Black women in the US (Ross, 2017).
Suspending judgement: exploring contextual pedagogical approaches to facilitating ethical reflection on sexual and reproductive health and rights
Authors: Walt Charlene van der
Published: October 2024

When considering the role of religion as it pertains to contextual embodied issues within the landscape of sexual reproductive health and rights (SRHR), the common perception is that faith speaks with a singular, predominantly negative voice and that God’s will can clearly be deduced through engaging with the scriptures. Faith leaders are often left out of processes working towards the enhancement of SRHR, with much of the discourse developing from the religious sector characterised in entrenched heteropatriarchal understandings of gender, sexuality and reproduction. This chapter is concerned with the power dynamic that functions in the process of SRHR decision making and in the interpretation process of the Bible. Contextual Bible study as an approach that gives epistemological privilege to those affected by a SRHR reality is proposed as a possible approach that could be adopted by faith communities as they grapple with SRHR decision making and ethical reflection. Rather than proposing that the interpretation of scripture gives the final word on how to navigate SRHR complexities, the contribution argues for the appropriation of sacred scripture as a dynamic reflective surface that enables embodied contextual reflections that privileges the voices of those affected and cracks open space for conversation, empathy and care.
The power of religious voice in abortion law reform advocacy: inter faith approaches to abortion law reform in Malawi
Authors: Ligomeka Brian
Published: October 2024

Despite Malawi’s commitment to providing access to safe abortion, as evidenced by its signing and ratification of the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa, the path to reform abortion law in this southern African nation is long and complex. This chapter examines how strong resistance from the anti-choice movement led by the Catholic and Evangelical churches sought to derail the reform process. Amid this resistance, conversations on the intersection of religion and sexual and reproductive health provided an opportunity for creating allies among the religious leaders who were non-traditional sexual and reproductive health and rights allies. This chapter explores how, besides citing human rights and public health justifications, the use of scriptures by religious allies provided support for the enactment of liberal laws on abortion. The author concludes that the voice of religious leaders in support of abortion law reform in a society where indoctrination is the methodology for teaching the word of God has proven to be a powerful catalyst for change.
Homonationalism and talking back in Finnish social work with non-heterosexual people with refugee backgrounds
Authors: Söderström Inka
Published: October 2024

This chapter investigates the homonationalist and colonial meaning-making processes in Finnish social work. It asks what kind of stories social workers and non-heterosexual people with refugee backgrounds tell about Finland, about the refugees’ countries of origin and about migrant communities. The data consist of semi-structured interviews with 12 Finnish social workers and six non-heterosexual people with refugee backgrounds living in Finland. The analysis indicates that social workers discursively use the oppression in refugees’ countries of origin to construct Finland as superior to them – as a discrimination-free gay haven. The participants with refugee backgrounds talk back to these single stories by telling alternative stories of their countries of origin, of migrant communities and of Finland. To decolonise social work, it is essential to move beyond the homonationalist meaning-making processes and towards cultural humility.
Emergent healing spaces: decolonising healing and wellness in Finland
Authors: Njuguna Wambui
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores how current paradigms of healing and wellness in Finland often replicate the same dominator systems of oppression and harm that they are trying to heal from in the first place. It interrogates the efficacy of the paradigm under which norms of care operate; namely, as part of a global, neoliberal ethos of performative wellness, which are rooted in racism, sexism, ableism and cis-heteronormativity. A quote by J. Krishnamurti, ‘It is no measure of health to be well adjusted to a profoundly sick society’, serves as a way of examining what we might mean by emergent healing spaces. Adhering to domesticated healing modalities serves to soothe one from the ails of neoliberal dominant culture through escapism and denial. Emergent healing spaces offer a way for the collective context to join the space too, as a way to practise naming the harm from which we seek healing in the first place. My enquiry into what the work of ‘healing’ entails in postcolonial emergent envisioning will be informed by the following questions. In a toxic culture in which we are all indoctrinated, to varying degrees, what are we healing from? What are we healing for?
Objective and Subjective Employment Insecurity and Mid-career Workers
Authors: Bertolini Sonia , Goglio Valentina , Hofäcker Dirk
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores the relationship between objective and subjective insecurity in mid-career. We will apply a perspective looking at the gender-specific experience of objective employment insecurity and the subjectively perceived insecurity of men and women. We will start by providing an overview about the overall labour force attachment of the two genders over time by contrasting their overall employment rates. Particular attention in this respect will be given to women’s employment during motherhood and early childhood years.
We will investigate how far job insecurity impacts on key indicators in the quality of life for men and women, and how far this effect is mediated by both macro level and micro level factors.
Gangs and Minorities in Singapore
Authors: Ganapathy Narayanan
Published: October 2024

This book documents an in-depth study of the Omega gang and its transformation from a prison protection group to an organized criminal enterprise with transnational links. It still retains its notoriety among the secret societies of Singapore, albeit a racially exclusive one, having established its dominance in the drug trade locally and regionally since the 1990s. While the book documents the genesis of the gang and its use of Islamic doctrines and strong ethnoreligious overtones in creating a Muslim brotherhood within the context of racialized social structures of the prison and criminal underworld of the free society, it also tells the story of how a group of Malay men and boys has responded to the hangover of colonial racialization and structural marginalization as they attempt to achieve social mobility in the legitimate and illegitimate worlds by means of organizing themselves into gangs. While many working-class Malays experience disempowerment in mainstream society on the basis of social class, those migrate to the illegitimate sector also find themselves being structurally marginalized in that space on the basis of race. Reflecting global trends concerning many racial minority and Indigenous peoples, Malays are disproportionately represented in the criminal justice system, particularly where drug abuse is concerned, and are often caught in the vicious cycle of arrest–incarceration–re-arrest.