bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrostriction Effects During Defibrillation
Authors: Fritz Michelle , Prior Phil , Roth Bradley
Published: April 2019

Background—The electric field applied to the heart during defibrillation causes mechanical forces (electrostriction), and as a result the heart deforms. This paper analyses the physical origin of the deformation, and how significant it is. Methods—We represent the heart as an anisotropic cylinder. This simple geometry allows us to obtain analytical solutions for the potential, current density, charge, stress, and strain. Results—Charge induced on the heart surface in the presence of the electric field results in forces that deform the heart. In addition, the anisotropy of cardiac tissue creates a charge density throughout the tissue volume, leading to body forces. These two forces cause the tissue to deform in a complicated manner, with the anisotropy suppressing radial displacements in favor of tangential ones. Quantitatively, the deformation of the tissue is small, although it may be significant when using some imaging techniques that require the measurement of small displacements. Conclusions—The anisotropy of cardiac tissue produces qualitatively new mechanical behavior during a strong, defibrillation-strength electric shock.
Anisotropic Properties of Sculptured Thin Films
Authors: Pulsifer Drew , Jones Andrew , Gilani Tariq
Published: April 2019

The electrical anisotropy of Cr-Sculptured thin films has been studies as a function of growth angle of Cr columns on a glass substrate. A peak in resistivity anisotropy is found at growth angle of 72 ± 5^o.
Medium/forma nas teorias alemãs das mídias: exterioridade, a priori tecnológico-medial, corporalidade, presença e Kulturtechnik
Authors: Telles Marcio
Published: April 2019

Partindo da distinção medium/forma, pretendo demonstrar que este é um axioma chave para as ditas “teorias alemãs da mídia” e seus teóricos, como Kittler, Gumbrecht e outros. É a partir dela que decorrem os demais conceitos que caracterizam a abordagem: exterioridade, a priori tecnológico-medial, corporalidade, presença e técnicas de cultivo. A proposta é torcer as teorias germânicas sobre elas mesmas: se uma dada materialidade (nesse caso, textual) é uma ferramenta heurística que torna presente um medium, minha proposta é tratar as teorias germânicas como sonda exploratória que faz emergir uma epistemologia e um estado da arte teórico-crítico, assim produzindo um tipo de subjetividade acadêmica.
Supply Chain Management Information Systems Survey for Jordanian Companies
Authors: Al-Odeh Mahmoud , Altarazi Safwan
Published: April 2019

Effective information system (IS) has been one of the key factors that shaped the supply chain management (SCM) developments in the last few decades. The literature on surveying IS in SCM is somehow scarce, particularly in developing countries. The purpose of this study is to investigate the current use and future adoption direction of Supply Chain Management Information Systems (SCMIS) in Jordan. Data from 64 manufacturing and service firms were collected. The results show that i) the overall implementation of SCMIS is very poor, ii) the currently implemented SCMIS, and the expected to implement, are mostly focusing/will focus on separated functions within firms, iii) integration with suppliers’ and customers’ system, resistance to change from employees, and insufficient vendor support; are the main problems facing the adaptation of SCMIS, and iv) for improving SCM activities; enhanced information provision and closer cooperation between firms and associated governmental agencies are needed. The study is concluded with recommendations for SCM policymakers, firms’ managers, and SCMIS vendors.
Production Control Process using Integrated Robust Data Envelopment Analysis and Fuzzy Neural Network
Authors: Gholizadeh Hadi , Fazlollahtabar Hamed
Published: April 2019

Considering the importance of the quality and responsiveness of manufacturing companies to customers, the most important principle can be considered to be the reduction of the cycle time of the production process. Because in the real world due to measurement errors and inaccuracies of information and the uncertainty of processes the concept Fuzzy is used. Therefore, in this study, the parameters for controlling the process of forming are optimized to reduce the cycle time. Since the optimization of an aspect of quality may modify other aspects, so, to overcome this problem, the multi-response method (Taguchi MRT) has been developed. Also, integrated fuzzy-neural network and data envelopment analysis is used for optimization and analysis purposes. Experimental results are done to measure the effectiveness of this approach in a manufacturing company in Iran.
Modelling of PVDF/CNF Conducting Polymer Nanocomposite
Authors: Prasad Brijesh , Arora Siddharth , Rathi Vikas , Panwar Varij , Patil Pravin P.
Published: April 2019

Polymer nanocomposites are highly apricated for the sensor and actuator applications. As they are soft and flexible and can produce higher cyclic loading with good repeatability. But when conductive fillers are woven in the polymer matrix it loses flexibility and enhances the conductivity. Therefore, studying the loading behavior of the nanocomposite becomes important for determining the stability and load bearing capacity of the conducting polymer nanocomposite membranes (CPNC). Therefore, the intent was to design a flexible piezoresistive strain sensor. Finite element analysis (FEA) technique was used for investigating the deformation behavior with a change in stress and strain by applying loads of 0.4 N, 0.6 N, 0.8 N and 1N. Displacement was taken as one parameter for determining the stress intensities in CPNC local regions.
Annealing Effects on MgO Films Grown using e-beam Evaporation
Authors: Singh Jitendra Pal , Gupta Lalit Kumar
Published: April 2019

Present work investigates the annealing effects on MgO thin films deposited using e-beam evaporation method. MgO thin films of thickness 5 and 50 nm were evaporated from MgO-pellet in ultra-high vacuum (2×10-8 Torr). As deposited thin films exhibit coordination similar to MgO bulk as envisaged from near edge X-ray absorption fine structure measurements. As deposited films were annealed at 300, 400 and 500oC in open environment. Thickness of films remain unaltered with annealing within experimental error. Raman spectroscopic measurements further confirm the presence of bands associated with Mg-O bonding at such low thicknesses.
Reliability and Cost-Benefit Analysis for Two-Stage Intervened Decision-Making Systems with Interdependent Decision Units
Authors: Lin Tingnan , Pham Hoang
Published: April 2019

This paper deals with a special type of voting systems, called two-stage intervened decision-making systems, in which the decision time of each decision unit will be a random variable and some supervising mechanism is included. A new decision rule is applied to such kind of systems, which makes the decision units become interdependent from each other. The reliability and cost-benefit models are developed. The optimization for the models is discussed and the optimal solution for a special case is also derived. A numerical example for model optimization is presented as well as some model comparison. Even though a specific application is used for model formulation and derivation throughout this paper, the modeling results can be easily modified and applied to many other systems.
Sufficient Conditions for Absolute Cesàro Summable Factor
Authors: Sonker Smita , Munjal Alka
Published: April 2019

Quasi-f-power increasing sequence has been used for infinite series to establish a theorem on a minimal set of sufficient conditions for absolute Cesàro φ-|〖C,α;δ;l|〗_k summable factor. Further, a set of new and well-known arbitrary results have been obtained by using the main theorem. The presented main result has been validated by the previous result under suitable conditions. In this way, the Bounded Input Bounded Output (BIBO) stability of impulse response has been improved by finding a minimal set of sufficient conditions for absolute summability because absolute summable is the necessary and sufficient condition for BIBO stability.
Magneto-Hydrodynamic Flow of a Viscous Fluid in a Channel with a Porous Bounding Wall of Different Permeabilities
Authors: Pandya Nidhi , Srivastava Pravin Kumar , Yadav Ramesh , Pandey R. P.
Published: April 2019

In this paper, the effects of permeability parameter on the magneto-hydrodynamic laminar flow of a viscous incompressible fluid in a channel with a porous bounding wall have been investigated. A transverse magnetic field has been applied in the channel flow of viscous fluid and the stream function is used to reduce the governing partial differential equations into non-linear ordinary differential equation which is solved by applying Perturbation method. Numerical simulation is used to analyze the problem and the graphs have been plotted using MATLAB. It has been observed that an increase of magnetic parameter increases the velocity of the viscous fluid while the velocity decreases with the increase of permeability parameter. The flow of viscous fluid has also been investigated with the variation of Reynolds number and the slip coefficient.
Effects of Variable Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity on Micropolar Fluid Flow Due to a Stretching Cylinder in Presence of Magnetic Field
Authors: Dutta Surajit , Sharma Bishwaram , Hazarika Gopal Chandra
Published: April 2019

In the presence of magnetic field, steady flow of a micropolar fluid due to a stretching cylinder is studied. Viscosity and thermal conductivity are assumed to be inverse linear functions of temperature. The governing partial differential equations are converted into ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity transformations and then solved by fourth order Runge-Kutta shooting method and developing Matlab programme. The graphs show the effects of different parameters and the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt numbers are shown in tabular form.
AVALIA��O NO CONTEXTO DO PENSAMENTO COMPLEXO E TRANSDISCIPLINAR: REFLEX�ES SOBRE O ENSINO SUPERIOR
Authors: Menegazzi Thiago Calabraro
Published: April 2019

O atual sistema educacional, baseado em uma l�gica bin�ria de constru��o do conhecimento e organizado em disciplinas dissociadas de um entendimento global, n�o � mais capaz de atender �s necessidades dos estudantes e, em um maior espectro, da pr�pria humanidade. A escola e todos os seus atores, ao segmentarem o conhecimento e, por consequ�ncia seu aprendizado, limitam a criatividade e a intera��o, inibindo potenciais individuais e coletivos na constru��o de novos saberes. A avalia��o escolar, ent�o, limita-se ao papel de medidora do conhecimento a partir da vis�o unilateral do professor, sem qualquer car�ter formador. Nesse cen�rio, surge a necessidade de uma nova vis�o sobre a educa��o, representada pela transdisciplinaridade e apoiada sobre uma nova maneira de pensar: o Pensamento Complexo. O objetivo desse texto � discutir, a partir das l�gicas da complexidade e da transdiciplinaridade, o papel da avalia��o no processo de forma��o do estudante e n�o somente sua fun��o tradicionalmente classificadora.
UMA REVIS�O HIST�RICA E PSICANAL�TICA DA ESQUIZOFRENIA: A IMPORT�NCIA DA FAMIL�A E DA F� NA ADES�O AO TRATAMENTO
Authors: Alves Danillo Rodrigues , Silva Joyce Schuler da , Santos Luzia Pereira de Oliveira , Guedes Renata Passos Cavalcante , Maia Silva Suely Souza
Published: April 2019

Tendo como t�tulo, "Uma revis�o hist�rica e psicanal�tica da esquizofrenia: a import�ncia da fam�lia e da f� na ades�o ao tratamento", este trabalho tem como proposta integrar a fam�lia na nova realidade do paciente acometido pela esquizofrenia, sendo que sua maior contribui��o para um resultado satisfat�rio, � o bom relacionamento entre os membros da referida fam�lia, que envolver� o paciente, fazendo com que ele neste contexto sinta-se acolhido, integrado e aceito com as novas caracter�sticas que esta doen�a lhe trouxe e, a partir desta aceita��o e integra��o familiar, contando tamb�m com o aux�lio da f�, que atuar� junto a esta fam�lia como fonte renovadora de energia e ampliando seu olhar para ver al�m de si, suas expectativas e idealiza��es a respeito deste familiar, para que possa enxerg�-lo como pessoa, por se tratar de um ente querido. A terapia ocupacional tamb�m se apresenta como aux�lio � fam�lia e ao paciente, pois permite que este se expresse, dando vaz�o � sentimentos e emo��es, muitas vezes dif�ceis de serem mostrados, fazendo desta maneira com que este possa ficar calmo, se mantenha organizado psiquicamente e emocionalmente, prolongando os per�odos de bem-estar para o sujeito e familiares visando a qualidade de vida e principalmente evitando novas reca�das.
AVALIANDO O PIBID ENQUANTO POL�TICA P�BLICA DE INCENTIVO E VALORIZA��O DA DOC�NCIA
Authors: Carmo Erinaldo Ferreira , Vasconcelos Carlos Alberto
Published: April 2019

Este artigo apresenta, de forma descritiva e anal�tica, os resultados de um relato de experi�ncia e de uma pesquisa sobre o olhar de diferentes agentes pedag�gicos acerca da pol�tica de bolsas de inicia��o � doc�ncia institu�da pela Capes. Aqui s�o observadas quest�es inerentes � forma��o profissional para a doc�ncia, � realidade das licenciaturas e �s a��es transformadoras dos estudantes e professores participantes do Pibid. Os resultados indicam que a inser��o dos estudantes universit�rios na viv�ncia escolar produz efeitos positivos sobre a identifica��o do discente com o seu curso, a valoriza��o da profiss�o docente e o apontamento de a��es vi�veis � educa��o b�sica nas escolas p�blicas contempladas pela referida pol�tica de forma��o e aperfei�oamento de pessoal docente.
A LETRA, A LENTE E O AMOR ENTRE IGUAIS: LITERATURA, CINEMA E HOMOSSEXUALIDADE NO BRASIL
Authors: Galharte Julio Xavier
Published: April 2019

Neste ensaio, trato da representa��o da homossexualidade na literatura e no cinema brasileiro, apresentando inicialmente um panorama de como esse tema foi tratado, principalmente nas nossas narrativas. A primeira se��o do texto �, ent�o, de cunho geral, mas afunila-se pelo crit�rio da seletividade, nas duas se��es seguintes, em que um dos romances mais importantes da literatura nacional (Grande sert�o: veredas, de Jo�o Guimar�es Rosa) torna-se objeto de an�lise, juntamente com duas de suas leituras f�lmicas: O cinema falado (1986), de Caetano Veloso, e Rio De-janeiro, Minas (1991), de Marily da Cunha Bezerra. O livro roseano em si j� traz a quest�o da homossexualidade, como j� foi apontado por cr�ticos como Ad�lia Bezerra de Meneses, e o tema se potencializa nas abordagens f�lmicas de Caetano e Marily, carregadas de signos ricos de significado quanto a esse assunto. No caso do filme Rio De-janeiro, Minas, entendo que n�o s� o amor de Riobaldo e Reinaldo foi sua inspira��o, mas tamb�m o de Lala e Gl�ria, de �Buriti�, que comp�e o Corpo de baile, obra tamb�m do autor mineiro, publicada alguns meses antes do c�lebre romance, em 1956.
Scientific and methodical approach to adaptive diversification of industrial enterprise development under crisis conditions
Authors: Tarasova Hanna
Published: April 2019

The article establishes that Ukrainian enterprises operate in the conditions of permanent economic crises and changes in the economic environment as a result of further integration of Ukraine into the world markets. This leads to the discrepancy between the state of domestic industrial enterprises and the requirements of the economic environment. To solve this problem, a scientific and methodical approach has been developed to adapt the diversification of the industrial enterprise development in a crisis that is based on the assessment of the existing and potential crises and the formalization of the assessment of the crisis impact, which enables an industrial enterprise to justify diversification measures in order to adapt to the crisis and to save the planned strategic development benchmarks
Iterative signal processing in anticipatory management of industrial enterprise development
Authors: Kamińska Bożena
Published: April 2019

The article proposes the use of an iterative approach in anticipatory management that is based on a two-stage iteration of the noise correction of the detected signal and the establishment of a signal response base, which ensures obtaining the most accurate original content of the signal and the scope of the industrial enterprise by the intensity of its manifestation. It is expedient to establish a maximum and a minimum threshold value of the force of the detected and devoid of noise original signal in the established field of activity of the industrial enterprise (review base). Setting the maximum and minimum threshold values is a necessary task, both in the case of forecasting the onset of crisis events, and in the case of identifying favorable conditions for development. It is proved that the principle of iterative signal processing is universal for controlling signals, which indicate the approach of critical events and opportunities for development. The developed approach can be applied in the anticipatory management in the internal and external environment of the industrial enterprise
Reflexive coordination of communications in the construction of models for the development of an industrial enterprise
Authors: Bezchasnyi Oleksii
Published: April 2019

The article develops the mechanism of hierarchical-reflexive coordination of communications at the enterprise, which involves coordinating the actions of management agents in the process of interactions. It was established that in the process of implementation of the mechanism of hierarchical coordination of communications, the interests of agents are coordinated in the horizontal and vertical directions. Accordingly, two types of reflection are used: informational (horizontal coordination) and strategic (vertical). The mutual influence of these types of reflection and the mismatch of the interests of agents within the hierarchy levels lead to contradictions and conflicts of inter-level (vertical) interactions. It is proved that reflection serves as the central management of the enterprise, it is the same task of the administrative function of coordination, at the same time, the task of coordination is the reflection of decisions that are taken as part of their coordination functions. Moreover, due to reflection there is a certain selection, filtering of management information, and coordination in turn serves as a managerial task that allows the company to move in the chosen direction
Some aspect of soil and seed pre-treatments on germination, growth and biomass production of Tamarindus indica seeds in the nursery
Authors: Oyebamiji Noah Alabi , Ogor Abraham Adikpe
Published: April 2019

Tamarind is a multipurpose plant. Hence, the study investigated soil and seed pre-treatments on germination, growth and biomass production of Tamarindus indica seeds in the nursery. Completely Randomized Design with four replicates was adopted and data were analysed using Analysis of Variance. Mechanically scarified seeds (MS) sowed in top soil (S1), river sand (S2), top soil plus river sand plus manure (S3) (S1MS), (S2MS), (S3MS), seeds treated with 60 % concentrated tetraoxosulphate (V1) acid (H2SO4) for 10 minutes (A10) and sowed in S1, S2, S3 (S1A10), (S2A10) and (S3A10) germinated first, 5 days after sowing (DAS), while the untreated soil (C) germinated last, 9 DAS. A10 gave (100 %) germination, while, A10 in an untreated soil (C) was the least (65 %). There was no significant effect among soil media on number of leaves (NL), wet weight of shoot (WWS) and dry weight of shoot (DWS) except on S3 with significant value (1.49) at 12 weeks after planting (WAS). Meanwhile, pre-germination treatment of MS had higher significant values (39, 105, 148, 171) on NL at 2, 6-12 WAS, (1.51) on leaf area (LA) at 12 WAS, (0.38, 0.98, 1.40, 2.56,2.83, 3.35) and (0.39, 0.43, 0.58, 0.97, 1.14, 1.32) on WWS and DWS both at 2-12 WAS respectively. Seeds soaked in water for 24 hours (S24h) had the lowest significant effect (0.80) on LA at 6 WAS. It is concluded and recommended that, mechanically scarified seeds at the micropyle was the effective treatment for breaking dormancy of T. indica seeds.
Variational Iteration Algorithm-I with an Auxiliary Parameter for Solving Fokker-Planck Equation
Authors: Ahmad Hijaz
Published: April 2019

In this paper, variational iteration algorithm-I with an auxiliary parameter is implemented to investigate Fokker-Planck equations. To show the accuracy and reliability of the technique comparisons are made between the variational iteration algorithm-I with an auxiliary parameter and classic variational iteration algorithm-I. The comparison shows that variational iteration algorithm-I with an auxiliary parameter is more powerful and suitable method for solving Fokker-Planck equations. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can successfully be applied to a large class of nonlinear and linear problems.
SOSYAL GÜVENLİKTE EŞİTLİK MESELESİ
Authors: ARICI Kadir
Published: April 2019

Türk hukukunda ekonomik ve sosyal hak olarak sosyal güvenlik hakkı anayasal bir haktır.Anayasa herkese sosyal güvenlik hakkını tanımıştır.Yine anayasamız kanun önünde eşitlik

esasını da kabul etmiş ve anayasa hükümlerinin bütün devlet organlarını ve şahısları bağlayacağını da hükme bağlamıştır.

2006 yılında Türkiye’de bir sosyal güvenlik reform yapılmıştır.Reform norm ve standart birliğini sağlamak ve bütün vatandaşları bu anlamda sosyal güvenlik şemsiyesi altına

almayı amaç edinmiştir.20011 yılından itibaren bütün vatandaşları kapsayan sosyal güvenlik

sistemi’nde toplumun bazı kesimleri sistemin dışına çıkarılmaya başlanmıştır.Gerek uzun vadeli sigorta dalları bakımından gerekse genel sağlık sigortasından bazı vatandaşların çıkarılmasının Anayasa m.2.,10 ve 60 hükümlerine uygunluğu bu makalede tartışılmıştır.Makalede

bazı kesimlere norm ve standart birliğine aykırı olarak sistemin dışına çıkarma ya da eşit

olmayan hakların tanınmasının hukuka aykırı olduğu görüşü açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır
Hydrodynamic Torques in Circumbinary Accretion Disks
Authors: Moody Mackenzie S. L. , Shi Ji-Ming , Stone James M.
Published: April 2019

Gaseous disks have been proposed as a mechanism for facilitating mergers of binary black holes. We explore circumbinary disk systems to determine the evolution of the central binary. To do so, we perform 3D, hydrodynamic, locally isothermal simulations of circumbinary disks on a Cartesian grid. We focus on binaries of equal mass ratios on fixed circular orbits. To investigate the orbital evolution of the binary, we examine the various torques exerted on the system. For the case where the disk plane and binary orbital plane are aligned, we find that the total torque is positive so that the semimajor axis of the binary increases. For the misaligned case, we run simulations with the binary orbital plane and disk midplane misaligned by 45° and find the same results—the binary grows. The timescale for the circumbinary disk to realign to the plane of the binary is consistent with the global viscous timescale of the disk.
Optical Follow-up of Gravitational-wave Events during the Second Advanced LIGO/VIRGO Observing Run with the DLT40 Survey
Authors: Yang Sheng , Sand David J. , Valenti Stefano , Cappellaro Enrico , Tartaglia Leonardo , Wyatt Samuel , Corsi Alessandra , Reichart Daniel E. , Haislip Joshua , Kouprianov Vladimir ,   (DLT40 collaboration)
Published: April 2019

We describe the gravitational-wave (GW) follow-up strategy and subsequent results of the Distance Less Than 40 Mpc survey (DLT40) during the second science run (O2) of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory and Virgo collaboration (LVC). Depending on the information provided in the GW alert together with the localization map sent by the LVC, DLT40 would respond promptly to image the corresponding galaxies selected by our ranking algorithm in order to search for possible electromagnetic (EM) counterparts in real time. During the LVC O2 run, DLT40 followed 10 GW triggers, observing between ∼20 and 100 galaxies within the GW localization area of each event. From this campaign, we identified two real transient sources within the GW localizations with an appropriate on-source time—one was an unrelated SN Ia (SN 2017cbv), and the other was the optical kilonova, AT 2017fgo/SSS17a/DLT17ck, associated with the binary neutron star (BNS) coalescence GW170817 (a.k.a gamma-ray burst GRB 170817A). We conclude with a discussion of the DLT40 survey’s plans for the upcoming LVC O3 run, which include expanding our galaxy search fields out to D ≈ 65 Mpc to match the LVC’s planned three-detector sensitivity for BNS mergers.
How Gas Accretion Feeds Galactic Disks
Authors: Ho Stephanie H. , Martin Crystal L. , Turner Monica L.
Published: April 2019

Numerous observations indicate that galaxies need a continuous gas supply to fuel star formation and explain the star formation history. However, direct observational evidence of gas accretion remains rare. Using the EAGLE cosmological hydrodynamic simulation suite, we study cold gas accretion onto galaxies and the observational signatures of the cold gas kinematics. For EAGLE galaxies at z = 0.27, we find that cold gas accretes onto galaxies anisotropically with typical inflow speeds between 20 and 60 km s−1. Most of these galaxies have comparable mass inflow rates and star formation rates, implying that the cold inflowing gas plausibly accounts for sustaining the star-forming activities of the galaxies. As motivation for future work to compare the cold gas kinematics with measurements from quasar sightline observations, we select an EAGLE galaxy with an extended cold gas disk, and we probe the cold gas using mock quasar sightlines. We demonstrate that by viewing the disk edge on, sightlines at azimuthal angles below 10° and impact parameters out to 60 pkpc can detect cold gas that corotates with the galaxy disk. This example suggests that cold gas disks extending beyond the optical disks possibly explain the sightline observations that detect corotating cold gas near galaxy major axes.
A New, Deep JVLA Radio Survey of M33
Authors: White Richard L. , Long Knox S. , Becker Robert H. , Blair William P. , Helfand David J. , Winkler P. Frank
Published: April 2019

We have performed new 1.4 and 5 GHz observations of the Local Group galaxy M33 with the Jansky Very Large Array. Our survey has a limiting sensitivity of 20 μJy (4σ) and a resolution of 5.″9 (FWHM), corresponding to a spatial resolution of 24 pc at 817 kpc. Using a new multiresolution algorithm, we have created a catalog of 2875 sources, including 675 with well-determined spectral indices. We detect sources at the position of 319 of the X-ray sources in the Tüllmann et al. Chandra survey of M33, the majority of which are likely to be background galaxies. The radio source coincident with M33 X-8, the nuclear source, appears to be extended. Along with numerous H ii regions or portions of H ii region complexes, we detect 155 of the 217 optical supernova remnants (SNRs) included in the lists of Long et al. and Lee & Lee, making this by far the largest sample of remnants at known distances with multiwavelength coverage. The remnants show a large dispersion in the ratio of radio to X-ray luminosity at a given diameter, a result that challenges the current generation of models for synchrotron radiation evolution in SNRs.
Adaptive Learning Using Interactive Training Material
Authors: Hernández-Castellano Pedro Manuel , Marrero-Alemán María Dolores , Paz-Hernández Rubén , Bordón-Pérez Pablo Rubén , Suárez-García Luis Adargoma , Benítez-Vega Antonio Nizardo
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this chapter is to describe experience in the development, use, and evaluation of interactive didactic material oriented towards the ISO GPS system that has been introduced into recent academic courses of subjects of various engineering degrees at the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. The Educational Innovation Group Ingeniería de Fabricación sought to generate a tool that would help students with a learning difficulty that had been identified as generalizable across various degree subjects. Student feedback was utilized in the development and evaluation of this didactic material. The results obtained allow us to confirm that the introduction of these materials has had a positive impact and that this preliminary experience of adaptive learning should be supplemented further in order to extend the significant improvement observed, both in the students' learning and the lecturers' teaching, in the last academic year.
Combining Adaptive and Cooperative Learning Strategies to Deal With Heterogeneity in Large Groups
Authors: Luis Fernández-GutiérrezdelÁlamo  , Mazadiego Luis F. , Bolonio David , Barrio-Parra Fernando , Izquierdo-Díaz Miguel
Published: April 2019

In undergraduate university degrees, students start their first year with a high level of heterogeneity in terms of acquired curricular competences. Therefore, the teaching given in these courses must face the challenge of turning this heterogeneity, in principle counterproductive, into an added value that helps students to face the subjects with expectations of success. Consequently, an innovative approach in the teaching of the first degree courses is needed, moving towards adaptive and personalized learning based on the use of new technologies, facilitating the overcoming of learned competences regardless of the starting level of the student. Other works focus on adaptive learning to achieve the homogeneity in groups of students before the beginning of the group lessons. Unlike this “classical” approach, this chapter is based on maintaining the heterogeneity of knowledge and using it as a driving force to learn through interactions among group members.
Acute myocardial infarction as the first manifestation of paraganglioma
Authors: Pinto Sara , Ferreira Raquel , Gonzaga Anabela , Bastos José Mesquita
Published: April 2019

Paragangliomas (PGLs) are extra-adrenal neuroendocrine tumors, classified as sympathetic or parasympathetic according to their origin in the paraganglia of the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic PGLs are mostly functional, presenting in a variable and non-specific way. We report a case of PGL, which was diagnosed further to an investigation of acute myocardial infarction in a postpartum woman, highlighting that the absence of typical symptoms may delay the diagnosis.
Interatrial block as electrocardiographic predictive sign for atrial fibrillation in patients hospitalized in Internal Medicine Departments
Authors: Bragagni Gianpaolo , Chen Chiu Hua , Lari Federico , Magenta Gaetano
Published: April 2019

This study evaluated the correlation between interatrial block (IAB) and atrial fibrillation (AF) among patients admitted to our Internal Medicine Unit: 110 (group 1) were identified with electrocardiograms both in sinus rhythm and AF, and 123 (group 2) constantly in sinus rhythm. In both groups we analyzed: the presence of partial (P≥120 msec) or advanced (P>120 msec and biphasic in D2, D3, aVF) IAB, and the main electrocardiographic and clinical features. Age and gender between the two groups were similar. IAB was present in 89/110 (80.91%) in group 1 and 26/123 (21.13%) in group 2 (P=<0.01); partial in 50/110 (45.45%) and 19/123 (15.7%) in group 1 and 2 respectively (P<0.01), advanced in 39/110 (35.45%) and 7/123 (5.69%) (P<0.019). The correlation between IAB and AF was significant (P<0.001); 36 (65.4%) patients out of 55 with atrial echo dilatation had IAB and 14 (25.4%) had deep terminal negativity of P-wave in V1 (DTNPV1) >0.1 mV (P<0.01). IAB represents a reliable predictor of AF; moreover, the sensitivity of the IAB in detecting atrial dilatation is higher than the DTNPV1 >0.1 mV.
The prevalence of BRAF V600E mutation in hairy cell leukemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis study
Authors: Payandeh Mehrdad , Sadeghi Masoud , Sadeghi Edris , Iranshahi Nasrin
Published: April 2019

Background: BRAF V600E mutations were recently identified in the leukemic cells from patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL) that this mutation in exon 15 is considered the disease-defining mutation in HCL. Objectives: This meta-analysis aimed to report the prevalence of BRAF V600E mutation in HCL patients. Methods: Three databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to 2017 were searched for the prevalence of BRAF mutation in HCL patients. A random effects meta-analysis was performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software version 2.0 with the event rate (ER) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: Out of 552 articles identified from the search, 11 were included included and were analyzed for meta-analysis study. The studies in meta-analysis included 437 patients with HCL, of which 353 (80.8%) patients had BRAF V600E mutation. The pooled ER of the studies was 81.5% (95% CI: 69.5%–89.5%). The Begg's test did not show publication bias, but the Egger's test showed publication bias. Conclusions: With regard to the mentioned limitations, the prevalence of BRAF mutation in HCL patients was >80%. In future studies, considering sex, age, and other variables can exactly show the correlation between these variables with the detection of BRAF mutation.
Emotional exhaustion in cancer clinicians: A mixed methods exploration
Authors: Daruvala Rhea , Ghosh Maupali , Fratazzi Francesca , Norzan Siti Adibah , Laha Anirban , Ahmed Rosina , Panda Samiran , Datta Soumitra Shankar
Published: April 2019

Objectives: The aim of the current study was to explore the associations of emotional exhaustion in oncology clinicians and perceptions of doctors about their work–life balance in a developing country. Methods: The current study used quantitative semi-structured interviews and qualitative in-depth interviews to explore emotional exhaustion and burnout in doctors in a tertiary care cancer center. Sociodemographic details, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and Patient Health Questionnaire were used for the quantitative analysis. Results: Increased work pressure (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 5.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.01–14.47, P < 0.01), reduced job-related satisfaction (AOR: 3.56, 95% CI: 1.37–9.25, P < 0.01), being a woman (AOR: 3.4, 95% CI: 1.2–9.5, P < 0.01), and having higher anxiety and depression scores (AOR: 2.89, 95% CI: 1.11–7.46, P = 0.03) were independently associated with higher levels of emotional exhaustion. In the qualitative interviews, many doctors felt working in oncology a satisfying as well as stressful experience. Dealing with palliative and end-of-life situations and counseling patients and their family members about various treatment options contributed to the stress. Male and female clinicians viewed work–life balance differently. Female doctors charted a larger area of influence for which they felt responsible in work and life. Conclusion: Increased work pressure, reduced job satisfaction, and increased affective symptoms contribute to emotional exhaustion in oncology clinicians, and the risk increases especially in female doctors. Having gender-sensitive and employee-friendly policies will likely help in having a nurturing work environment.
Clinicopathological spectrum of BCR-ABL-Negative myeloproliferative neoplasms with correlation with janus-associated kinase 2 mutation
Authors: Dixith Roopa , Sara A , Vangala Navatha , Uppin Shantveer G , Uppin Megha S , Narendra AMVR , Paul Tara Roshni
Published: April 2019

Background: Non chronic myelogenous leukemia (non-CML)/BCR-ABL-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) include essential thrombocythemia (ET), polycythemia vera (PV), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF) (apart from chronic neutrophilic leukemia and chronic eosinophilic leukemia, which are rare). They are uncommon clonal disorders of adults, with an incidence ranging from 0.5 to 3/100,000 persons, BCR-ABL negative, and characterized by the activation of Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2). Very few studies have been reported from India. Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives of this study were to analyze the clinicopathological spectrum and to determine the frequency of JAK2 mutation in patients of non-CML/BCR-ABL negative MPNs. Materials and Methods: Clinical and morphological features and frequency of JAK2 mutation in patients with PV, ET, and PMF were studied at a tertiary care hospital. The material was retrieved from the hematopathology records and reviewed. Results: JAK2V617F mutation was found in 10 of 14 cases (71%) of MPNs, 100% in PV, 50% in ET, and 71% of idiopathic myelofibrosis. The presence of JAK2V617F mutation was associated with a higher hemoglobin level (P < 0.05), a higher TLC (P < 0.05), and higher age (P < 0.05). Results showed that there are morphologic differences, and megakaryocytic morphology represents a useful clue for the differential diagnosis of these three BCR-ABL-negative MPN subtypes. Conclusion: The JAK2 V617F mutation was detected in 71% of patients with MPN disorders. Peripheral blood mutation screening for JAK2 V617F should be incorporated into the initial evaluation of patients suspected to have MPNs. Differences in megakaryocytic morphology provide the histomorphological hallmark of BCR-ABL-negative MPN subtypes.
Role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Pathak Mona , Deo S VS , Dwivedi Sada Nand , Sreenivas Vishnubhatla , Thakur Bhaskar , Julka Pramod Kumar , Rath GK
Published: April 2019

Background: The present systematic review and meta-analysis critically assessed the impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nACT) in comparison to ACT in breast cancer patients in terms of oncological and functional outcomes. Methods: Randomized controlled trials comparing NACT with ACT in breast cancer patients were identified through Medline and Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials on January 21, 2016. Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Meta-analysis was performed using fixed-effects or random-effects method depending on heterogeneity (I
2). Grading of the evidences was also done. Subgroup meta-analysis on the basis of total preoperative chemotherapy or sandwich chemotherapy was also performed. Results: The present meta-analysis shows increased breast-conserving surgery (BCS) rate (n = 9, risk ratio [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 1.19 [1.03–1.37]) with NACT. Further, NACT was found equally effective regarding overall survival (n = 15, hazard ratio [HR] [95% CI] = 0.98 [0.89–1.08]), disease-free survival (DFS) (n = 14, HR [95% CI] = 1.01 [0.86–1.18]), and distant metastasis (n = 13, HR [95% CI] = 0.97 [0.82–1.16]). Although locoregional recurrence (LRR) rate was noted to be significantly higher in NACT group (n = 15, HR [95% CI] = 1.23 [1.06–1.43]), its significance disappeared (n = 13, HR [95% CI] = 1.17 [0.98–1.40]) by excluding the trials where surgery was not provided for patients with complete tumor response. After excluding such trials, preoperative NACT was associated with increased BCS with similar LRR in ACT group. Discussion: NACT has no major impact on breast cancer survival. However, it is associated with increased BCS rates. NACT downgrades tumor size facilitating more BCSs without increasing LRR. The evidences were graded for all outcomes as high except DFS and BCS as moderate.
A novel in-frame 231bp deletion mutation in ABL1 kinase activation loop
Authors: Deshpande Prashant Ajit , Padmawar Gajanan Bhanudas , Ekbote Venkatesh S
Published: April 2019

Tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) mutation is one of the most common causes for tyrosine kinase inhibitors' resistance in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Mutations in the exon 7 of ABL1 gene are one of the most common TKD mutations, especially in the Indian population, but they are frequently underreported, and their clinical significance is not clear. We are reporting a novel ABL1 exon 7 mutation in a previously diagnosed and treated patient CML who presented at the blast crisis stage. Cytogenetic studies showed multiple copies of Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome along with isochromosome 17. Kinase domain mutation studies showed a novel 231bp in-frame deletion mutation (p. 372_448del) in the activation loop of BCR-ABL1 chimeric protein. The given mutation would result in a complete loss of activation loop, including DFG domain-regulating activation status of the catalytic domain. This mutation, along with cytogenetic abnormalities, could have contributed to progression to blast crisis.
Early-onset unusual second cancers – More nightmare in a resource-constrained setting: A report from Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Akinsete Adeseye Michael , Akere Zainab Aramide , Awolola A Nicholas , Temiye Edamisan Olusoji , Akinsulie Adebola O
Published: April 2019

Second cancers are not quite common in the pediatric age group, and they are described as histologically distinct cancers from the initial cancer. This study aimed to report the occurrence of second cancers among a cohort of children treated for cancers in Lagos, Nigeria. The report was compiled from the Department of Pediatrics, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, between January 2015 and June 2017. Ethical approval was obtained from the hospital's Research and Ethics Committee. Parental consent was also obtained to publish the reports. A total of one hundred and seventy nine children were treated in the period under review for various malignancies and all those on follow up were included. Two children developed second cancers within 15 months of completing treatment. Extensive genetic testing and surveillance is advocated for children treated in resource-limited settings.
Uptake of prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeted 18F-DCFPyL in avascular necrosis of the femoral head
Authors: Torga Gonzalo , Yin Yafu , Pomper Martin G. , Pienta Kenneth J. , Gorin Michael A. , Rowe Steven P.
Published: April 2019

In recent years, the emergence of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging has brought about a paradigm shift in the way that prostate cancer (PCa) is imaged in many parts of the world. Although PSMA-targeted PET imaging has been demonstrated to be a highly sensitive and specific imaging modality for the identification of sites of PCa, its clinical utility hinges on the ability of imaging specialists and their clinical colleagues to recognize potential false-positive sources of uptake and to tailor therapy based on that recognition. In this manuscript, we report the case of a 74-year-old male with a history of recurrent PCa who was referred for a restaging PSMA-targeted 18F-DCFPyL PET/computed tomography (PET/CT). PET images demonstrated low level but focal and definitive uptake in the left femoral head. This uptake corresponded to sclerotic changes on CT whose morphology was most compatible with avascular necrosis without femoral head collapse. In the presented case, the integrated assessment of the CT imaging together with the PET findings was fundamental to avoid misinterpretation of the left femur finding as metastatic disease, which would have ultimately altered the clinical management of the patient.
Initial experience of Ga-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging in evaluation of biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer patients
Authors: Natarajan Aravintho , Agrawal Archi , Murthy Vedang , Bakshi Ganesh , Joshi Amit , Purandare Nilendu , Shah Sneha , Puranik Ameya , Rangarajan Venkatesh
Published: April 2019

Gallium-68 labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (Ga-68 PSMA) ligand (HBED-CC) is a novel tracer used for prostate cancer imaging. The aim of the study was to investigate the performance of Ga-68 PSMA positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) after definitive treatment. Scans of 96 consecutive patients were analyzed. Sixty-two patients received external beam radiotherapy, 34 underwent radical prostatectomy (RP), and 20 patients were on androgen deprivation therapy. Patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level ≥>0.2 ng/mL following RP and PSA rise by 2 ng/mL or more above the nadir PSA following RT (Phoenix criteria) was considered as BCR, respectively. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced PET/CT after injection of 67–111 MBq Ga-68 PSMA ligand. Detection rates were correlated with serum PSA level. Detection rate for nodal metastases was compared with CT. Results of the scan were validated by using either biopsy or follow-up imaging or clinical follow-up. Seventy-four (77%) patients showed abnormal finding in Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT. The median serum PSA level of the population was 5.5 ng/ml (range 0.2–123 ng/ml). The median PSA of the positive scans was higher than that of the negative scans (6 vs. 1.7 ng/ml) and was statistically significant (P = 0.001 by Mann–Whitney U-test). In post-RP group, the detection rates were 23%, 50%, and 82% for PSA <1, 1–2, and >2 ng/ml, respectively. For post-RT, the detection was 86%, 85%, and 95% for PSA 2–5, 5.1–10, and >10 ng/ml, respectively. PSMA PET/CT revealed nodal metastases in 52 (54%) patients while CT showed pathological nodes only in 27 (28%) patients. Overall PSMA PET/CT revealed more number of nodes than CT (111 vs. 48 nodal station). PSMA PET/CT showed relapse in prostate/prostatic bed in 26 (27%) patients, nodal metastases in 50 (52%), skeletal metastases in 20 (21%), and other sites in 4 (4%) patients. Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT has high detection rate for localizing the site of recurrence in patients with biochemical failure and is superior to CT scan in the detection of nodal disease.
Evaluation of left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony with phase analysis in end-stage renal disease patients with normal gated SPECT-MPI
Authors: Malik Dharmender , Mittal Bhagwant , Sood Ashwani , Sharma Ashish , Parmar Madan , Kaur Komalpreet , Bahl Ajay
Published: April 2019

Phase analysis using gated single-photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT-MPI) is a relatively new tool for the assessment of ventricular synchrony. Hypertension, diabetes, renal diseases, and dyslipidemia may affect the phase parameters though their impact is not well understood. The present study aimed to evaluate the incidence of the left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony (LVMD) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with normal gated SPECT-MPI and QRS duration (<120 ms) on electrocardiogram. Data of 129 patients (86 males) referred for gated SPECT-MPI for their pretransplant evaluation with normal gated stress SPECT-MPI (SSS <3 and ejection fraction ≥50%) were included in the study analysis. Documented clinical history along with confounding factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, and alcoholism were evaluated. Left ventricle functional (end-diastolic, end-systolic, and LV myocardial volume) and phase parameters (phase standard deviation [PSD], phase bandwidth [PBW] and entropy) were calculated using the QPS-QGS program. LVMD was noted in 36 (28%) of ESRD patients with normal QRS duration and gated SPECT-MPI. The mean attenuated corrected LV myocardial volume, ejection fraction, mean PSD, and PBW values were 84.3 ± 38.1 ml, 65.3 ± 13.5%, 9.8° ± 3.9°, and 61.4° ± 24.7°, respectively. The LV myocardial volume shows statistically significant correlation with the phase parameters (r = 0.31–0.47; P < 0.001). LVMD is present in a significant number of ESRD patients, and its extent is more with increase in LV myocardial volume. It may have an additional role in risk-stratification for cardiovascular disease in ESRD patients.