bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prognostic evaluation of the norepinephrine equivalent score and the vasoactive-inotropic score in patients with sepsis and septic shock: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Li Wenzhe , Wang Yi , Abuduaini Buzukela , Li Xiang , Pan Pengfei , Cui Jian , Yu Xiangyou
Published: August 2024

Background

This study investigated the association between vasoactive medication exposure and mortality risk in patients with sepsis using the norepinephrine equivalent (NEE) score and vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS).

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included adult patients with sepsis requiring vasoactive agents. The data were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality. Multivariate Cox regression was used to elucidate the relationship between vasoactive medication exposure and 28-day mortality, as quantified by the VIS and NEE score. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for 28-day mortality were generated, and forest plots were constructed to present the results of univariate and multivariate analyses. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to analyze the cumulative incidence of 28-day mortality. A nomogram was constructed to predict the prognosis of patients with sepsis.

Results

The present study encompassed 9,032 patients diagnosed with sepsis who received vasoactive therapy, of which 4,229 patients were further analyzed at the second hour after the onset of sepsis. Distinct variations in demographic data were observed between survivors (n = 3,265, 77.21%) and non-survivors (n = 964, 22.79%). Multivariate analysis indicated that several factors, including VIS >15.04 (p = 0.001), NEE >0.10 (p < 0.001), heart rate (p = 0.045), mean arterial pressure (p = 0.009), respiratory rate (p < 0.001), oxygen saturation (p < 0.001), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (p = 0.001), and the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (p < 0.001), were significantly associated with 28-day mortality in the patients with sepsis. The NEE score, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and BUN were incorporated into the nomogram model with a concordance index of 0.779 and an area under the curve of 0.802 (95% CI 0.787–0.818).

Conclusion

We found that the VIS and NEE score had favorable values for predicting mortality risk in patients with sepsis in the intensive care units. The VIS and NEE score in the second hour after sepsis onset were independently associated with 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis.
Potential roles of IL-38, among other inflammation-related biomarkers, in predicting post-percutaneous coronary intervention cardiovascular events
Authors: Kou Lu , Yang Ning , Dong Bo , Qin Qin
Published: August 2024

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), as a relatively rapid and effective minimally invasive treatment for coronary heart disease (CHD), can effectively relieve coronary artery stenosis and restore myocardial perfusion. However, the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) is a significant challenge for post PCI care. To better understand risk/benefit indicators and provide post PCI MACE prediction, 408 patients with CHD who had undergone PCI treatment from 2018 to 2021 in Tianjin Chest hospital were retrospectively studied for their clinical characteristics in relation with the MACE occurrence during a 12-month follow-up. In the study, 194 patients had MACE and 214 patients remained MACE-free. Using uni- and multivariate regression analyses, we have shown that smoking history, elevated serum C-reactive protein levels (hs-CRP), and high haemoglobin levels A1c (HbA1c) are all independent risk factors for MACE after PCI. Furthermore, we have discovered that the serum level of IL-38, one of the latest members identified in the IL-1 cytokine family, is another predictive factor and is reversely related to the occurrence of MACE. The serum level of IL-38 alone is capable of predicting non-MACE occurrence in subcategorized patients with abnormal levels of hs-CRP and/or HbA1c.
Is catheterization via distal transradial access feasible in children? From vessel diameter perspective
Authors: Zhao Yidong , Chen Tao , Yang Ling , Mao Wenjie , Wan Yu , Zhang Liwen , Ding Heng , Cai Gaojun , Huang Zhiying
Published: August 2024

Background

Distal radial artery (DRA) access is an infrequent alternative access for pediatric catheterization. The feasibility of using the DRA for arterial catheterization in children depends on the vessel's size.

Objectives

This study aims to provide a reference for pediatric catheterization via DRA access by evaluating the diameter of the DRA in the anatomic snuffbox (AS).

Methods

We conducted a retrospective review of clinical and vascular ultrasound data of 412 children (ages 3–12) who were scheduled for arterial blood gas analysis via the DRA due to serious respiratory diseases between June 2023 and October 2023.

Results

The corrected DRA diameter in the AS was 1.97 ± 0.37 mm overall, with no significant difference between males (1.98 ± 0.38 mm) and females (1.95 ± 0.35 mm) (p = 0.457). The anteroposterior, transverse, and corrected DRA diameters increased significantly with age (p < 0.05). The DRA diameter was significantly smaller than the proximal radial artery (PRA) diameter (1.97 ± 0.37 mm vs. 2.05 ± 0.33 mm, p < 0.001) but larger than the ulnar artery (UA) diameter (1.97 ± 0.37 mm vs. 1.88 ± 0.33 mm, p < 0.001). The proportions of patients with a DRA diameter greater than 2.0 mm and 1.5 mm were 38.83% and 86.89%, respectively. The proportions of patients with DRA diameters >2.0 mm and >1.5 mm increased significantly with age (p < 0.01). The percentages of individuals with a DRA/PRA ratio ≥1.0 were 55.10% overall, 52.12% in males, and 58.60% in females. DRA diameter showed significant correlations with age (r = 0.275, p < 0.01), height (r = 0.319, p < 0.01), weight (r = 0.319, p < 0.01), BMI (r = 0.241, p < 0.01), wrist circumference (r = 0.354, p < 0.01), PRA diameter (r = 0.521, p < 0.01), and UA diameter (r = 0.272, p < 0.01).

Conclusion

The DRA diameter in children increases with age and size, making cardiac catheterization is theoretically feasible. Preoperative evaluation of the vessel diameter and intraoperative ultrasound-guided intervention are recommended for paediatric catheterization via the DRA access.
Resistance to neonicotinoids is associated with metabolic detoxification mechanisms in Anopheles coluzzii from agricultural and urban sites in southern Benin
Authors: Tchigossou Genevieve , Dossou Camille , Tepa-Yotto Ghislain , Koto Massioudou , Atoyebi Seun Michael , Tossou Eric , Adanzounon Danahé , Gouété Marie , Sina Haziz , Tchouakui Magellan , Dione Michel , Wondji Charles , Djouaka Rousseau
Published: August 2024

Background

Neonicotinoids are gradually being introduced into malaria vector control due to their mode of action that targets insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). However, prior to scaling up novel insecticides, it is important to assess the susceptibility of the mosquito population to this molecule. The present study aimed to determine the susceptibility level of mosquitos collected from agricultural and urban sites against neonicotinoids in Benin.

Material and methods

An. gambiae sl. larvae were collected from three urban sites and two agricultural sites in southern Benin. An. gambiae sl. larvae collected from three urban and two agricultural sites in southern Benin were exposed to neonicotinoids (clothianidin, acetamiprid, and imidacloprid) for 1 hour, and mortality rates were monitored from 24h to day 7 post-exposure. After molecular identification of the samples, Taqman assays were used to genotype key pyrethroid-resistant markers, and qPCRs were performed to establish the level of expression of detoxification enzymes in resistant mosquitoes.

Results

Overall, resistance to acetamiprid and imidacloprid was observed in the five study sites surveyed whereas full susceptibility was recorded to clothianidin. Anopheles coluzzii was the only species found in all sites. TaqMan genotyping showed a very low presence of key pyrethroid-resistant markers suggesting that metabolic resistance is more implicated in neonicotinoid resistance in Anopheles. coluzzii populations from southern Benin. qPCR performed revealed overexpression of P450 genes (CYP6M2, CYP6P4, CYP6Z1, CYP6Z2, and CYP4G16) and sensory proteins (Sap1, Sap2, and Sap3).

Conclusion

This first assessment of neonicotinoid resistance in Benin showed evidence of neonicotinoid resistance in both agricultural and urban areas. However, full susceptibility to clothianidin was observed, showing that this insecticide could be used to enhance the efficacy of control tools. In addition, there is a need of an integrated approach, including coordinated education on pesticide use, to improve the overall management of insecticide resistance in both agricultural and public health sectors.
Diagnosis and treatment of Robert’s uterus combined with transverse uterine septum: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Chen Mingqian , Yang Xiaoyu , Zhang Bin , Fu Jialiang , Lan Yi , Chi Yugang
Published: August 2024

Background

Robert’s uterus combined with transverse uterine septum is a rare uterine malformation. Only one case has been reported to date, and it is challenging to diagnose and treat.

Case presentation

Here we report the case of a 19-year-old female had undergone multiple treatments at a previous hospital for primary amenorrhea and periodic lower abdominal pain, with the cause remaining unclear. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging conducted at our hospital displayed the presence of uterine dysplasia with an incomplete septum. Following a multidisciplinary discussion, a preliminary diagnosis of Robert’s uterus combined with transverse uterine septum was made. Following this, laparoscopic exploration and ultrasound-guided hysteroscopic metroplasty were performed. The patient experienced periodic menstruation postoperatively and did not manifest periodic lower abdominal pain.

Conclusion

Robert’s uterus combined with transverse uterine septum is a very rare uterine malformation, with hysteroscopic metroplasty being the preferred surgical option. Nevertheless, preoperative diagnosis is extremely difficult, and there are also many difficulties in the surgical process. This case outlines the diagnostic and treatment process of a patient with Robert’s uterus and transverse uterine septum. It is of great significance to fill the gap in clinical diagnosis and treatment of this special uterine malformation.
Effect of kaempferol ingestion on physical activity and sleep quality: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover trial
Authors: Ikeda Yasutaka , Gotoh-Katoh Aina , Okada Shinpei , Handa Shuichi , Sato Teruyuki , Mizokami Tsubasa , Saito Bungo
Published: August 2024

Background

Kaempferol (KMP), a flavonoid in edible plants, exhibits diverse pharmacological effects. Growing body of evidence associates extended lifespan with physical activity (PA) and sleep, but KMP’s impact on these behaviors is unclear. This double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial assessed KMP’s effects on PA and sleep.

Methods

A total of 33 city workers (17 males and 16 females) participated in this study. They were randomly assigned to take either 10 mg of KMP or placebo for 2 weeks in the order allocated, with a 7-day washout period in between. All participants wore an accelerometer-based wearable device (Fitbit Charge 4), which monitored daily PA, heart rate (HR), and HR variability during sleep.

Results

The duration of wearing the device was 23.73 ± 0.04 h/day. HR decreased in each PA level, and the mean daily step count and distance covered increased significantly during KMP intake compared to placebo. The outing rate, number of trips, number of recreational activities, and time spent in recreation on weekends increased. Sleep quality improved following KMP intake. The decrease in HR and increase in RMSSD may be important in mediating the effects of these KMPs.

Conclusion

KMP leads to behavioral changes that subsequently improve sleep quality and potentially improve long-term quality of life.

Clinical Trial Registration

https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000048447, UMIN000042438.
Recurrent bladder urothelial carcinoma complicated with primary bladder large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Cui Jiarui , Zhao Qing , Yu Chunhong , Ma Pengfei , Li Shoubin
Published: August 2024

Objective

To improve the understanding, diagnosis and treatment of bladder large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC).

Methods

A clinical case of bladder LCNEC admitted to our hospital was reported. The epidemiology, prognosis, diagnosis and treatment methods of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma were reviewed. The diagnosis and treatment status and prognosis were discussed based on the literature.

Results

The female patient was admitted to hospital for “more than 4 years after TURBT and intermittent hematuria for more than 2 years”. She was diagnosed as recurrent bladder cancer and underwent “radical cystotomy + hysterectomy”. The postoperative pathological findings were high-grade urothelial carcinoma of the bladder neck and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder. The patient recovered well after surgery, but refused radiotherapy and chemotherapy and is still under close follow-up.

Conclusion

Bladder LCNEC is clinically rare, has unique pathological features, is more aggressive than traditional urothelial carcinoma, and has a poor prognosis. Surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy should be combined with multi-mode treatment.
MicroRNA dysregulation in myelodysplastic syndromes: implications for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic response
Authors: Micheva Ilina Dimitrova , Atanasova Svilena Angelova
Published: August 2024

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of malignant clonal hematological disorders with heterogeneous clinical course and risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia. Genetic and epigenetic dysregulation, including alterations in microRNA (miRNA) expression, plays a pivotal role in MDS pathogenesis influencing disease development and progression. MiRNAs, known for their regulatory roles in gene expression, have emerged as promising biomarkers in various malignant diseases. This review aims to explore the diagnostic and prognostic roles of miRNAs in MDS. We discuss research efforts aimed at understanding the clinical utility of miRNAs in MDS management. MiRNA dysregulation is linked to specific chromosomal abnormalities in MDS, providing insights into the molecular landscape of the disease. Circulating miRNAs in plasma offer a less invasive avenue for diagnostic and prognostic assessment, with distinct miRNA profiles identified in MDS patients. Additionally, we discuss investigations concerning the role of miRNAs as markers for treatment response to hypomethylating and immunomodulating agents, which could lead to improved treatment decision-making and monitoring. Despite significant progress, further research in larger patient cohorts is needed to fully elucidate the role of miRNAs in MDS pathogenesis and refine personalized approaches to patient care.
The effects of foot orthoses on radiological parameters and pain in children with flexible flat feet: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Chao , Zhang HongHao , Li JianPing , Li ShiJia , Li GuQiang , Jiang XiangZhan
Published: August 2024

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the impact of foot orthoses on foot radiological parameters and pain in children diagnosed with flexible flatfoot.

Methods

A comprehensive search was conducted across several databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and EBSCO, covering publications from the inception of each database up to 8 June 2024. The study focused on randomized controlled trials investigating the use of foot orthoses for treating flexible flat feet in children. Four researchers independently reviewed the identified literature, extracted relevant data, assessed the quality of the studies, and performed statistical analyses using RevMan 5.4 software.

Results

Six studies involving 297 participants were included. The methodological quality of the included literature ranged from moderate to high. Radiological parameters of the foot improved significantly in older children with flexible flat feet following foot orthotic intervention compared to controls, particularly in the lateral talar-first metatarsal angle [mean difference (MD) = −2.76, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) −4.30 to −1.21, p = 0.0005], lateral talo-heel angle (MD = −5.14, 95% CI −7.76 to −2.52, p = 0.0001) and calcaneal pitch angle (MD = 1.79, 95% CI 0.88–2.69, p = 0.0001). These differences were statistically significant. Additionally, foot orthoses significantly improved the ankle internal rotation angle and reduced foot pain in children with symptomatic flexible flatfoot (MD = −2.51, 95% CI −4.94 to −0.07, p = 0.04).

Conclusion

The use of foot orthoses positively impacts the improvement of radiological parameters of the foot and reduces pain in older children with flexible flat feet. However, in younger children with flexible flat feet, the improvement from foot orthoses was not significant, likely due to challenges in radiological measurements caused by the underdevelopment of the ossification centers in the foot. Further studies are needed. Consequently, the results of this meta-analysis support the implementation of an early intervention strategy using foot orthoses for the management of symptomatic flat feet in older children.

Systematic Review Registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/, PROSPERO [CRD42023441229].
How early life respiratory viral infections impact airway epithelial development and may lead to asthma
Authors: Berdnikovs Sergejs , Newcomb Dawn C. , Hartert Tina V.
Published: August 2024

Childhood asthma is a common chronic disease of the airways that results from host and environment interactions. Most risk factor studies of asthma point to the first year of life as a susceptibility window of mucosal exposure that directly impacts the airway epithelium and airway epithelial cell development. The development of the airway epithelium, which forms a competent barrier resulting from coordinated interactions of different specialized cell subsets, occurs during a critical time frame in normal postnatal development in the first year of life. Understanding the normal and aberrant developmental trajectory of airway epithelial cells is important in identifying pathways that may contribute to barrier dysfunction and asthma pathogenesis. Respiratory viruses make first contact with and infect the airway mucosa. Human rhinovirus (HRV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are mucosal pathogens that are consistently identified as asthma risk factors. Respiratory viruses represent a unique early life exposure, different from passive irritant exposures which injure the developing airway epithelium. To replicate, respiratory viruses take over the host cell transcriptional and translational processes and exploit host cell energy metabolism. This takeover impacts the development and differentiation processes of airway epithelial cells. Therefore, delineating the mechanisms through which early life respiratory viral infections alter airway epithelial cell development will allow us to understand the maturation and heterogeneity of asthma and develop tools tailored to prevent disease in specific children. This review will summarize what is understood about the impact of early life respiratory viruses on the developing airway epithelium and define critical gaps in our knowledge.
The regulatory mechanisms of cerium oxide nanoparticles in oxidative stress and emerging applications in refractory wound care
Authors: Yi Lijun , Yu Lijian , Chen Shouying , Huang Delong , Yang Cheng , Deng Hairui , Hu Yiheng , Wang Hui , Wen Zhongjian , Wang Yiren , Tu Yu
Published: August 2024

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeNPs) have emerged as a potent therapeutic agent in the realm of wound healing, attributing their efficacy predominantly to their exceptional antioxidant properties. Mimicking the activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, CeNPs alleviate oxidative stress and curtail the generation of inflammatory mediators, thus expediting the wound healing process. Their application spans various disease models, showcasing therapeutic potential in treating inflammatory responses and infections, particularly in oxidative stress-induced chronic wounds such as diabetic ulcers, radiation-induced skin injuries, and psoriasis. Despite the promising advancements in laboratory studies, the clinical translation of CeNPs is challenged by several factors, including biocompatibility, toxicity, effective drug delivery, and the development of multifunctional compounds. Addressing these challenges necessitates advancements in CeNP synthesis and functionalization, novel nano delivery systems, and comprehensive bio effectiveness and safety evaluations. This paper reviews the progress of CeNPs in wound healing, highlighting their mechanisms, applications, challenges, and future perspectives in clinical therapeutics.
Improvement of solubility, dissolution, and bioavailability of phenytoin intercalated in Mg-Al layered double hydroxide
Authors: Anwar Bakr Rehab , Kotta Sabna , Aldawsari Hibah Mubarak , Ashri Lubna Y. , Badr-Eldin Shaimaa M. , Eltahir Heba , Ahmed Sameh A. , Alahmadi Yaser M. , Abouzied Mekky
Published: August 2024

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are highly effective drug delivery systems, owing to their capacity to intercalate or adsorb biomaterials, flexible structure, swelling property, high stability, good biocompatibility, and ease of synthesis. Phenytoin (PHT) is an antiseizure BCS (Biopharmaceutics Classification System) class II drug, presenting low aqueous solubility. Therefore, the current study aimed at increasing its solubility, dissolution, and bioavailability. PHT was intercalated to the MgAl-LDH formed in situ and successful intercalation to form MgAl-PHT-LDH was confirmed by FTIR, PXRD, DSC, and TGA. Examination of particle size and morphology (by photon correlation spectroscopy and electron microscopy, respectively) confirmed the formation and intercalation of nanostructured LDH. Intercalation enhanced the saturation solubility of PHT at 25°C in 0.1N HCl and phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) by 6.57 and 10.5 times respectively. The selected drug excipient powder blend for the formulation of MgAl-PHT-LDH tablets exhibited satisfactory properties in both pre-compression parameters (angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, Carr’s index, and Hausner ratio) and tablet characteristics (weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability, content uniformity, and disintegration time). MgAl-PHT-LDH tablets showed better dissolution of PHT compared to unprocessed PHT tablets at all time points. Oral bioavailability of MgAl-PHT-LDH tablets and unprocessed PHT tablets was tested in two groups of Sprague Dawley rats based on analysis of serum levels of both forms of PHT by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS serum. MgAl-PHT-LDH tablets demonstrated a relative bioavailability of 130.15% compared to unprocessed PHT tablets, confirming a significantly higher oral bioavailability of MgAl-PHT-LDH. In conclusion, MgAl-PHT-LDH could provide a strategy for enhancing solubility, dissolution, and thereby bioavailability of PHT, enabling the evaluation of theclinical efficacy of MgAl-PHT-LDH tablets for the treatment of seizures at lower PHT doses.
Role of Rubus chingii BBX gene family in anthocyanin accumulation during fruit ripening
Authors: Xu Zhangting , Zhang Guihua , Chen Junyu , Ying Yuxin , Yao Lingtiao , Li Xiaoxian , Teixeira da Silva Jaime A. , Yu Zhenming
Published: August 2024

The B-box (BBX) family, which is a class of zinc finger transcription factors, exhibits special roles in plant growth and development as well as in plants’ ability to cope with various stresses. Even though Rubus chingii is an important traditional medicinally edible plant in east Asia, there are no comprehensive studies of BBX members in R. chingii. In this study, 32 RcBBX members were identified, and these were divided into five groups. A collinearity analysis showed that gene duplication events were common, and when combined with a motif analysis of the RcBBX genes, it was concluded that group V genes might have undergone deletion of gene fragments or mutations. Analysis of cis-acting elements revealed that each RcBBX gene contained hormone-, light-, and stress-related elements. Expression patterns of the 32 RcBBX genes during fruit ripening revealed that highest expression occurred at the small green fruit stage. Of note, the expression of several RcBBX genes increased rapidly as fruit developed. These findings, combined with the expression profiles of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes during fruit ripening, allowed us to identify the nuclear-targeted RcBBX26, which positively promoted anthocyanin production in R. chingii. The collective findings of this study shed light on the function of RcBBX genes in different tissues, developmental stages, and in response to two abiotic stresses.
War, emotions, mental health, and artificial intelligence
Authors: Cosic Kresimir , Kopilas Vanja , Jovanovic Tanja
Published: August 2024

During the war time dysregulation of negative emotions such as fear, anger, hatred, frustration, sadness, humiliation, and hopelessness can overrule normal societal values, culture, and endanger global peace and security, and mental health in affected societies. Therefore, it is understandable that the range and power of negative emotions may play important roles in consideration of human behavior in any armed conflict. The estimation and assessment of dominant negative emotions during war time are crucial but are challenged by the complexity of emotions’ neuro-psycho-physiology. Currently available natural language processing (NLP) tools have comprehensive computational methods to analyze and understand the emotional content of related textual data in war-inflicted societies. Innovative AI-driven technologies incorporating machine learning, neuro-linguistic programming, cloud infrastructure, and novel digital therapeutic tools and applications present an immense potential to enhance mental health care worldwide. This advancement could make mental health services more cost-effective and readily accessible. Due to the inadequate number of psychiatrists and limited psychiatric resources in coping with mental health consequences of war and traumas, new digital therapeutic wearable devices supported by AI tools and means might be promising approach in psychiatry of future. Transformation of negative dominant emotional maps might be undertaken by the simultaneous combination of online cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on individual level, as well as usage of emotionally based strategic communications (EBSC) on a public level. The proposed positive emotional transformation by means of CBT and EBSC may provide important leverage in efforts to protect mental health of civil population in war-inflicted societies. AI-based tools that can be applied in design of EBSC stimuli, like Open AI Chat GPT or Google Gemini may have great potential to significantly enhance emotionally based strategic communications by more comprehensive understanding of semantic and linguistic analysis of available text datasets of war-traumatized society. Human in the loop enhanced by Chat GPT and Gemini can aid in design and development of emotionally annotated messages that resonate among targeted population, amplifying the impact of strategic communications in shaping human dominant emotional maps into a more positive by CBT and EBCS.
“Left on read” examining social media users’ lurking behavior: an integration of anxiety and social media fatigue
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Feng Ran , Chen Xiaobing , Yuan Yu
Published: August 2024

Introduction

With the widespread use of social media, the behavior and mindset of users have been transformed, leading to a gradual increase in lurking users, which can impede the sustainable development of social media platforms. In this study, we aim to investigate the impact of intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors on social media users’ anxiety, social media fatigue, and lurking behavior.

Methodology

For the confirmation of these phenomena and to validate the theories, a structural equation model was constructed based on the SSO (Stressor-Strain-Outcome) theoretical framework. The model was then tested and validated with data from 836 valid online surveys. These data were analyzed using SPSS 27.0 and AMOS 24.0 software.

Results

The results indicate that intrinsic motivations (such as social comparison and privacy concerns) and extrinsic motivations (including information overload, functional overload, and social overload) are positively associated with users’ lurking behavior through the mediating effects of social media fatigue and anxiety. Additionally, for the mediator variables, social media fatigue was found to be positively associated with anxiety.

Discussion

These findings underscore the importance of social media platforms considering both intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors to mitigate user anxiety and social media fatigue. By addressing these factors, platforms can foster user satisfaction and increase engagement, ultimately contributing to the sustainable development of social media platforms.
The impact of social media information exposure on appearance anxiety in young acne patients: a moderated chain mediation model
Authors: Zhang Zhijian , Zhou Min
Published: August 2024

Introduction

The boom of social media has provided a wider space for ordinary people to display themselves, but visual presentation has also intensified the focus on appearance, which in turn triggers anxiety about appearance. The study aims to investigate the impact of social media information exposure on appearance anxiety in young acne patients and the pathways and mechanisms that cause this effect.

Methods

A moderated chain mediation model was constructed, and a questionnaire was used to collect information on social media information exposure, internalization of beauty ideals, fear of negative evaluation, self-esteem, and appearance anxiety in young acne patients (N = 382), and the relationships between the variables were explored through regression analysis.

Results

The results show that there was a significant path of effect (t > 2.5, p < 0.05) between social media information exposure, internalization of beauty ideals, fear of negative evaluation, and appearance anxiety. Self-esteem significantly moderated the relationship between social media information exposure and internalization of beauty ideals (t < −2, p < 0.05).

Discussion

In conclusion, in young acne patients, internalization of beauty ideals and fear of negative evaluation chain mediated the association between social media information exposure and appearance anxiety, and young acne patients’ internalization of beauty ideals was inversely correlated with their level of self-esteem.
Bibliometric analysis of research on digestive system tumors and depression
Authors: Qu Ying , Nie Duorui , Song Yuwei , Cai Xiaojun , Gong Yilin , Chen Sheng , Ye Jia , Li Jing
Published: August 2024

Background

Malignant tumors of the digestive system pose a serious threat to human health due to their highly malignant nature. Depression, as the most common psychiatric symptom of digestive system tumors, has attracted much attention regarding its potential relationship with these tumors. A thorough investigation into the connection between digestive system tumors and depression is extremely important for strengthening patients’ quality of life and treatment outcomes.

Methods

From 2014 to 2023, we conducted a literature search using specific keywords in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) and performed visual analysis of the selected literature using Microsoft Excel, CiteSpace, and VOSviewer software. In this study, we analyzed countries, institutions, authors, journals, and keywords.

Results

A total of 384 research articles on the relationship between digestive system tumors and depression were identified. The number of publications showed a gradual increase over time. In terms of disciplinary distribution, Oncology, Health Care Sciences Services, and Medicine General Internal ranked top in terms of publication volume. In terms of geographical distribution, China and the United States were the countries contributing the most publications. Additionally, Maastricht University contributed the most publications. Regarding authors, Beekman, Aartjan T.F. and Dekker, Joost had the highest number of publications, while Zigmond, A.S. had the most citations. It is worth mentioning that Supportive Care in Cancer was the journal with the most publications in this field. In terms of keyword analysis, research mainly focused on mechanisms and treatment strategies related to the relationship between digestive system tumors and depression.

Conclusion

The relationship between digestive system tumors and depression has become a new research hotspot in recent years, offering new directions for future research. This research reveals novel perspectives on comprehending the connection between the two, which can guide future research and practice.
How do perceptions of information usefulness and green trust influence intentions toward eco-friendly purchases in a social media context?
Authors: Wu Meifen , Long Ruyin
Published: August 2024

Drawing upon the stimulus-organism-response framework and incorporating green trust and perceptions of information usefulness, we formulated a model to explore how marketing on social media impacts consumers’ intentions towards eco-friendly purchases, using eastern Chinese cities as a case study. The findings indicate that: (1) marketing on social media significantly boosts intentions for eco-friendly purchases, and green trust positively affects the perceptions of information usefulness. (2) Green trust and perceptions of information usefulness jointly act as mediators between social media marketing and eco-friendly purchase intentions, with green trust exhibiting a stronger effect (0.306 > 0.122). The multi-group analysis findings indicate significant disparities in several potential pathways as a result of moderating factors such as educational attainment, etc. The benefits are especially apparent in women, people with middle to high incomes, people with intermediate to high levels of education, and people who engage with social media for over three hours per day. Through the effect analysis between marketing on social media, green trust, and perceptions of information usefulness on consumers’ intentions towards eco-friendly purchases, this study offers insights to social media platforms, businesses, and policymakers, enabling them to enhance strategies for fostering eco-friendly consumer behavior through social media channels.
Suicidal ideation in Chinese adolescents: prevalence, risk factors, and partial mediation by family support, a cross-sectional study
Authors: Bao Xiyan , Guo Tianming , Xu Li , Chen Wanming , Luan Lingshu , Yang Haidong , Zhang Xiaobin
Published: August 2024

Background

Suicidal ideation is a pressing public health concern, particularly among adolescents. The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence of and factors associated with suicidal ideation in Chinese adolescents, addressing an important gap in current research.

Methods

This study employed an online survey of 3443 adolescents in Lianyungang, using a cross-sectional design. The assessment included the use of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder instrument, and the Perceived Social Support Scale to evaluate suicidal ideation, anxiety symptoms, and social support in adolescents, respectively.

Results

In adolescents, the prevalence of suicidal ideation was 22.1%, with a significantly higher proportion among female adolescents than among males (27.9% vs 16.9%, P < 0.001). Binary regression analysis identified (OR = 1.788, 95% CI: 1.467–2.177, P < 0.001), anxiety symptoms (OR = 10.035, 95% CI: 7.441–13.534, P < 0.001), total PHQ-9 scores of mothers (OR = 1.040, 95%CI: 1.003 – 1.078, P = 0.034), total GAD-7 scores of mothers (OR = 0.958, 95%CI: 0.919 – 0.998, P = 0.039), and moderate parental relationships (OR = 2.042, 95% CI: 1.630–2.557, P < 0.001) to be risk factors for suicidal ideation; family support was a protective factor (OR = 0.888, 95% CI: 0.859–0.918, P < 0.001). Furthermore, family support partially mediates the relationship between anxiety symptoms and suicidal ideation among adolescents (9.28%).

Conclusions

This study highlights high adolescent suicidal ideation rates and recommends gender-specific interventions, anxiety management, and family support for improvement in mental health status.
Readiness of nurses when faced with a patient’s death
Authors: Kowalenko Marta , Krajewska-Kułak Elżbieta , Kowalewska Beata , Kułak-Bejda Agnieszka , Kulik Teresa , Gaworska-Krzemińska Aleksandra , Van Damme-Ostapowicz Katarzyna
Published: August 2024

Introduction

The death of a patient negatively affects the professional dimension of nurses’ functioning and also their private lives, where professional experiences and emotions are often transmitted.

Aim of the study

The main aim of the study was to discover how the nursing staff assessed their self-efficacy in dealing with the death of a patient.

Materials and methods

The researchers used a diagnostic survey method and a self-authored survey, Life Satisfaction Scale (SWLS), Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS), Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Courtauld Emotional Control Scale (CECS), The Death Anxiety and Fascination Scale with the Death Anxiety Subscale. The study group consisted of 287 individuals.

Results

Working in a hospital is stressful in the opinion of 79.44% of the respondents. 39.37% of the respondents feared death. In the course of work, the death of a patient in the department was sometimes experienced by 34.84% of the respondents, always experienced by 29.97%. The respondents usually did not make their compassion for a dying patient based on the patient’s position in society (57.84%). In the case of the majority (84.67%) of the respondents, the employer did not provide mental support for the staff in difficult situations. The majority of the respondents did not feel the need to broaden their knowledge of death and dying (64.11%).

Conclusion

The surveyed nurses most often presented low or average life satisfaction, high self-efficacy, average levels of stress and coping in all three styles (with a preference for avoidance-oriented), and a high level of death fascination and an average level of death anxiety. The majority of the nurses in difficult situations and when a stressful situation occurred did not receive support from their employer or from physicians, but could count on the assistance of fellow nurses and a divisional nurse. The majority of the respondents felt that psychological support in their work was important and would gladly benefit from it. Although most nurses did not feel the need to broaden their knowledge of death/dying, they would take part in such a course if it were possible.
An unexpected complication after removing bladder foreign body: a case report
Authors: Gong Pengfeng , Shen Jie
Published: August 2024

Background

Bladder foreign bodies commonly arise as urgent issues in urology. These foreign bodies are typically extracted through cystoscopy or cystotomy. In general, these surgical approaches rarely lead to serious complications.

Methods

A 34-year-old woman presented with a one-year history of frequent urination, urgency, and urodynia. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan revealed the presence of an intrauterine device (IUD) [a medium-sized (20 mm × 22 mm) circular IUD] near the posterior bladder wall. The object was successfully removed via cystoscopy. Two months later, the patient exhibited food residues in her urine. Enterography demonstrated a large amount of contrast agent had entered the bladder from the small intestine. We repaired the bladder with catheter for 2 weeks, removed the segment of small intestine with fistula, and anastomosed the intestine canal.

Results

Post-operation urine tests yielded negative results, and the patient resumed a normal diet.

Conclusions

Evaluating the location between foreign body and bladder wall, which is based on medical history, CT scan, and cystoscopy examination, is essential for doctors before they remove the foreign body by cystoscopy or laparoscopy. It is necessary to check for leakage by applying radiopaque fluids under fluoroscopy after removing the foreign body, which migrates from other abdominal organs. If there is damage in the bladder or other organs, laparoscopic surgery or open surgery should be performed immediately.
Robust Force Control Based on Fuzzy ESO and Hysteresis Compensation for a Pneumatic Actuator-Driven Compliant Mechanism with Full-State Constraints
Authors: Liu Jidong , Sun Lei , Li Zhiyuan , Li Peiwen , Zhou Lu , Lin Wanbiao
Published: August 2024

This paper proposes a “planning and control” scheme for a compliant mechanism (CM) based on a pneumatic actuator (PAC) with hysteresis nonlinearity and full-state constraints. In the planning part, a novel direct inverse model is presented to compensate for hysteresis nonlinearity, enabling more accurate planning of the desired air pressure based on the desired contact force. In the control part, by fusing fuzzy logic systems (FLSs) and an extended state observer (ESO), a fuzzy ESO is developed to observe the external disturbance and the rate of change of the air pressure. Additionally, the challenges in the controller design caused by full-state constraints are overcome by constructing barrier Lyapunov functions (BLFs). It is proved that all signals of the closed-loop system are bounded, and the tracking error of the air pressure can converge to a small neighborhood of the origin. Finally, the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method are verified by hardware experiments, which also show that the root mean square errors of force control accuracies are within 2N, achieving satisfactory force control effects.
Genome-Wide Composite Interval Mapping Reveal Closely Linked Quantitative Genes Related to OJIP Test Parameters under Chilling Stress Condition in Barley
Authors: Sabouri Hossein , Kazerani Borzo , Taliei Fakhtak , Ghasemi Shahram
Published: August 2024

Abiotic stressors such as cold temperatures have intensified due to climate change. Cold stress is a crucial factor that restricts the growth of barley in tropical and subtropical regions. Fast chlorophyll a-fluorescence induction (OJIP test) parameters are also used as biological markers for screening cultivars tolerant to abiotic stresses. Therefore, an experiment was conducted over three growing seasons in the research farm of Gonbad Kavous University to identify closely linked quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling OJIP test parameters under chilling stress, in the Iranian barley RILs population. For this study, the genome-wide composite interval mapping method was utilized to identify closely linked QTLs associated with OJIP test parameters under chilling stress conditions. Combined analysis of variance showed that the lines had significant differences (p < 0.05) in terms of OJIP test parameters, indicating genetic diversity among the lines. Also, Pearson correlation coefficients showed that grain yield had a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) with Fm, Fv, ABS/CSm, ETo/CSo, ETo/CSm, REo/CSo, REo/CSm, TRo/CSo and TRo/CSm parameters under chilling stress conditions. Cluster analysis using the WARD method identified 50 lines tolerant to chilling stress. A total of 48 stable and closely linked QTLs related to 12 OJIP test parameters were identified on seven barley chromosomes under chilling stress conditions.
Identifying Cell-Penetrating Peptides for Effectively Delivering Antimicrobial Molecules into Streptococcus suis
Authors: Zhu Jinlu , Liang Zijing , Yao Huochun , Wu Zongfu
Published: August 2024

Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are promising carriers to effectively transport antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), including peptide nucleic acids (PNAs), into bacterial cells to combat multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, demonstrating significant therapeutic potential. Streptococcus suis, a Gram-positive bacterium, is a major bacterial pathogen in pigs and an emerging zoonotic pathogen. In this study, through the combination of super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SR-SIM), flow cytometry analysis, and toxicity analysis assays, we investigated the suitability of four CPPs for delivering PNAs into S. suis cells: HIV-1 TAT efficiently penetrated S. suis cells with low toxicity against S. suis; (RXR)4XB had high penetration efficiency with inherent toxicity against S. suis; (KFF)3K showed lower penetration efficiency than HIV-1 TAT and (RXR)4XB; K8 failed to penetrate S. suis cells. HIV-1 TAT-conjugated PNA specific for the essential gyrase A subunit gene (TAT-anti-gyrA PNA) effectively inhibited the growth of S. suis. TAT-anti-gyrA PNA exhibited a significant bactericidal effect on serotypes 2, 4, 5, 7, and 9 strains of S. suis, which are known to cause human infections. Our study demonstrates the potential of CPP-ASO conjugates as new antimicrobial compounds for combating S. suis infections. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate that applying SR-SIM and flow cytometry analysis provides a convenient, intuitive, and cost-effective approach to identifying suitable CPPs for delivering cargo molecules into bacterial cells.
Decision System Based on Markov Chains for Sizing the Rebalancing Fleet of Bike Sharing Stations
Authors: Florian Horațiu , Avram Camelia , Radu Dan , Aștilean Adina
Published: August 2024

Docked Bike Sharing Systems often experience load imbalances among bike stations, leading to uneven distribution of bicycles and to challenges in meeting users’ demand. To address the load imbalances, many docked Bike Sharing Systems employ rebalancing vehicles that actively redistribute bicycles across stations, ensuring a more equitable distribution and enhancing the availability of bikes for users. The determination of the number of rebalancing vehicles in docked Bike Sharing Systems is typically based on various criteria, such as the size of the system, the density of stations, the expected demand patterns, and the desired level of service quality. This is a determining factor, in order to increase the efficiency of customer service at a reasonable cost. To enable a cost-effective rebalancing, we have used a cluster-based approach, due to the large scale of the Bike Sharing Systems, and our model is based on Markov Chains, given their proven effectiveness in this domain. Degrees of subsystem load at station level were used for modeling purposes. Additionally, a quantization strategy around cluster load was developed, to avoid state space explosion. This allowed the computation of the probability of transitioning from one degree of system load to another. A new method was developed to determine the fleet size, based on the identified subsystem steady state, describing the rebalancing necessity. The model evaluation was performed on traffic data collected from the Citi Bike New York Bike Sharing System. Based on the evaluation results, the model transition rates were in accordance with the expected values, indicating that the rebalancing operations are efficient from the point of view of the fulfillment of on-time arrival constraints.