bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating Motivational Teaching Strategies used by Iraqi EFL Primary School Teachers
Authors: Abdul-Majeed Maysaa Rashid
Published: November 2023

Motivation is one of the most important factors that influence students learning and has a great effect on their success and achievement. For this reason, in this paper, the researcher is going to investigate the motivational teaching strategies used by EFL Iraqi school teachers. To achieve the aim of the study, the researcher adapted a questionnaire with some changes and modification’s. This questionnaire with five point scale (always, often, sometimes, rarely and never). To achieve face validity, the questionnaire items are given to a jury of experts. Alpha Cronbach formula is used to achieve the questionnaire reliability. After that, the questionnaire was applied on a sample of 38 teachers during the academic year 2019-2020. Then, the questionnaire items were analyzed using weighted mean score and percentages. At the end, recommendations, suggestions for further studies are presented.
Sweat As A Play Of Racism: Studying The Effect of Postmodern as a method of understanding a Literary Text
Authors: Badie Muthana Mohammed , Abdullah Ansam Riyadh
Published: November 2023

Lynn Nottage’s Sweat is one of the most famous plays that is regarded as Nottage’s prophecy about the Donald Trump era. Nottage derives her play material from studying Reading, Pennsylvania's industrial, social and cultural background. Her interviews with the local citizens inspire her to create an exciting story of a group of childhood friends who harm their relationships because of financial problems. A rough tone of racism arises, fights occur, and then, a regretful tone hopes to repair all the broken relationships. The study follows the thematic analysis as an approach of discussion to answer the raised questions. It starts with an introduction, questions, and debate and ends with a conclusion summarising the findings.
Translating English Metaphorical Expressions into Arabic
Authors: Abdulrahman Rand Khalid
Published: November 2023

The primary rhetorical device, metaphor, frequently alludes to figurative language in general. Therefore, linguists, critics, and writers have always given it considerable attention. It has historically been examined and approached in terms of its basic parts (i.e., image, object, sense, etc.) and types (such as cliché, dead, anthropomorphic, current, extended, compound, etc. metaphors), as it was initially a significant aesthetic and rhetorical figure. However, recently, metaphor has drawn even more attention from a completely different standpoint of ideologization and conceptualization, especially in light of the most recent breakthroughs in cognitive stylistics. As a result, this shift in viewpoint has an immediate impact on translation theory and practice, which must now be handled similarly from a metaphor translation perspective. This study attempts to analyze the translation of metaphor from a cognitive stylistic standpoint, focusing on how subjects, objects, and individuals are conceptualized. In essence, every metaphor is a reflection and construction of the writer's or speaker's ideas, attitudes, mentalities, and ideologies. Therefore, in various texts, especially literary discourse, any metaphor is conceptualized in terms of the source domain and the target domain. On the basis of the two domains, the source and the target, translators predict an instantaneous favorable response to this notion of metaphor in the target language. The paper's conclusion aims to shift attention to metaphor as a concrete, conceived, practical, and up-to-date rhetorical figure. Both in translating theory and practice. This will reveal freshly undiscovered aspects of metaphor's interpretation, enjoyment, comprehension, and translation in both the SL and the TL.
Le récit historique dans "Les années" d'Annie Ernaux et "Dispersés" d'Inaam Kachachi
Authors: Hawas Abbas Oraib , Jassim AL-SAADI Awatif Nsief
Published: November 2023

Writing history is not a monopoly to the historian ، History is a source of Inspiration for many writers provided that, it maintains credibility of the historical material and is careful to convey it .In this research, we have based on important point of how to merge the history narrative with Biography. The importance of this research comes as it highlights on some several issues: First, the difference between the novelist and chronicler of history narrative, the two writers used history in their literary work and what distinguishes them from the historian, which conveys history in all its precise details in a neutral and objective manner is a mixture of personal feelings and narration of contemporary historical events. The second issue the motivations of writing a novel sourced from history. This issue deals with the project of history narrative and the goals that make both writers (Annie Arnaud and Anaam kaghi) discuss in order to complete the project, overcoming all obstacles and difficulties encountered while writing. Each writer had her own style in gathering historical information, which leads to produce a literary work worthy of reading to be a narrative project full of historical events affecting of both. The last issue focuses on the role of collective biography in the transfer of historical events and social problems in a certain period of time. The biography is not lacking in the novels of "Tasharri" and "the years" of collective autobiography through which the two writers discusse some of the problems of the Iraqi and French society at that time.
Ecological Discourse Analysis of UNICEF Environmental Reports
Authors: Abdurrahman Israa B.
Published: November 2023

This research is an ecolinguistic study of UNICEF Environmental Reports “Nutrition in Emergencies” (June, 2018) in relation to the Sustainable Developmental Goals. It serves to identify the linguistic structures that highlight the role and responsibility of universal organizations and institutions in shaping the public’s views that are at the heart of sustainable development, and how one can be more socially involved. This research tackles potential influences the study of ecolinguistics can have on significant real-world issues, and how linguists can involve themselves in attending at these issues for a ‘sustainable future’. This research follows Stibbe’s (2015) model of analysis, namely, the framing technique. It attempts to reveal the frames used by UNICEF (June 2018) discourse via identifying the triggering words and then derive the source frames and their target domains. Accordingly, six texts are analyzed and the results show that there are many framings reflected by UN discourse that try to shape the worldview in relation to this report and that these texts are positive and beneficial since they are aligned with the ecological philosophy and ethical consideration to the lives and wellbeing of other species.
WRITTEN AND SPOKEN DISCOURSE MARKERS: ATTITUDES OF KURDISH EFL UNIVERSITY INSTRUCTORS
Authors: Haji Mohammed Rizgar Ahmed , Abbas Abbas Mustafa
Published: November 2023

Taking written and spoken discourse into considerations, Discourse Markers are regarded as crucial elements of written and spoken discourse by native speakers of English. In addition, their pivotal role and use are also inevitable in EFL Language classrooms. Thus, the current study aims to investigate the attitudes of Kurdish EFL University instructors concerning the role and use of Discourse Markers with regard to Pedagogic value, Identification with the native speaker norm, Pragmatic value, Dispensable value, Acceptance of the local usage, how Discourse Markers are represented in EFL classrooms, and how they should be highlighted in EFL classrooms. A questionnaire was distributed to 106 Kurdish EFL instructors at various universities in Kurdistan Region. The quantitative findings revealed that the instructors had positive attitudes towards the role and use of written and spoken Discourse Markers in EFL classrooms. Discourse Markers were found to have both pragmatic and pedagogic values but they were underrepresented in written and spoken materials in Kurdish EFL classrooms and were not highlighted by the instructors in their writing and speaking classes. The study requires the integration of Discourse Markers in the curriculum for both language productive skills. The implications that were drawn from this study for further studies were to investigate role and use of Discourse Markers in the receptive skills of language and the learners’ perceptions concerning this role or use.
The Effect of Using Idiomatic Expression and Conceptual Metaphor on EFL University Students Achievement
Authors: Alwan Asma Bade’
Published: November 2023

The Conceptual Metaphor (CM) is a relationship between source and target domains that maps into the exact meaning. (CM) improves EFL learners' performance and achievement in learning English and increases their ability to understand the words, idioms, and phrases in a foreign language. As a result, metaphors play a greater role in the learning and teaching of idiomatic expressions. Although, the meaning of idioms is not entirely predictable; there is some systematic logical reasoning for their meaning, as the great majority of idioms are predicated on conceptual analogies and metonyms. However, we must recognize that there are culturally dependent conceptual systems and that metaphors are pervasive in English language and so intimately tied to learning English. Finally, future studies should focus on conceptual metaphors and not neglect them because they are very important in our daily events and life.
Linguistic processes in La Route des Flandres by Claude Simon
Authors: Shafeeq Al-Obaidi Saif Adnan
Published: November 2023

The Flandra Road novel is one of the most famous works of the French writer Claude Simon, who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1985. His novel, which dates back to 1960, is full of indications that show the extent to which the writer was affected by the horrors of war, especially the First and Second World Wars. He is a soldier who escaped from Nazi prisons. In addition to being greatly affected by France's defeats in wars ago. This is what left its influence on the plot of Flandra Road and the linguistic style used in it. The reader of the novel finds himself in front of unfamiliar linguistic methods, the writer's intention to include them in a way that draws attention, as if it is an implicit message that needs to be read between its lines, and this is the goal of the research that sheds light on three themes that were chosen to be studied and analyzed in order to know the motives for their appearance in this text. The writer deliberately fragmented the language in the narrative text. For example, the narrator appears once with the pronoun (I) and again with the pronoun (he), which refers to George, the main character, who is lost with his companions in the forests of Flandra. The second theme of the research deals with the frequent use of the subject's noun and the relationship of this use with the writer's influence on drawing and photography. As for the last axis, it deals with punctuation marks that disappear in some places, such as: comma, period, and quotation marks, especially in direct speech, or those that are repeated, such as parentheses, for example, in many passages within the novel.
Teaching Pupils EFL by Using Interactive Games
Authors: Mohamad Sarah Jawhar , Ismail Najwa Yaseen
Published: November 2023

The goal of this study is to find how interactive games can inspire pupils to teach English as a foreign language (EFL). Pre- post tests have been used as a tool for collecting data and given to 60. The pupils have been then divided into two groups of 30, one for control and the other for experimental. The experimental group received games during language. courses and classes, whereas the control group received traditional courses. This study found that most teachers believe games have a positive impact on pupils' achievement in learning English and that using games in the classroom has many educational benefits. Game participation also increased EFL learners' ability to communicate with others.
Pragmatic Structure of Implicature and Violation of Grice Maxims in Some English and Arabic Newspapers
Authors: Muhammed Al-sammaria Shireen Salim , Ali Al-Thalab Hasan Shaban
Published: November 2023

This paper is an attempt to study gossip in two Newspapers. It pragmatically tackles gossip in these mass media. Consequently, it attempts to achieve the following aims:1) examining to what extent Grecian pragmatic theory of cooperative principle is of any help for revealing the intended meaning of media gossips in the selected newspapers.2) identifying the pragmatic structure of implicature in which gossip is composed. To Fulfill the aims of this study, it is hypothesized that: 1) Pragmatic principles occur randomly in English and Arabic media gossips.2) The gossip columns (the data of the current work) in the six newspapers under investigation are analyzed according to the models (Violation of Grice Maxims and implicature) . 3)Carrying out a contrastive analysis of the ways of expressing gossip in both languages.4) Drawing conclusions from the results of the study and making some recommendations and suggestions for further study.
Radiation Dose Measurement of X-Ray Diagnostic Radiology in Some Dentistry by Using Film Badge in Salah-Din / Iraq
Authors: K. Mohammad Yasir , S. Najam Rajaa
Published: November 2023

X-ray has been employing in Iraq widely, but there are no valuable measurements for radiation dosages. In purpose for evaluation of radiation hazard emitted from using x-ray instrument in the medical diagnostic.This study use performed for five X-ray centers in Salah-din / Iraq we are using film badge method the measurement efficiency of these techniques was 70%. Empirical relation to estimate the radiation dose from X-ray with relative error not exceeds 30%.The result of measurements radiation dose from diagnostic is different from instrument to anther because the different of the exposure value which used and is not conformed the value of recommended. By using the exit dose from the body to limit entrance dose values for any thickness without used to increase the radiation dose.
Indicators for assessing the risk of execution of state contracts with a long life cycle
Authors: Mishin Aleksandr , Andriyanov Nikita Andreevich
Published: November 2023

The subject of the study is the process of monitoring the execution and assessing the risk of execution of government contracts in the Russian Federation. The research methodology consists of studying statistical data on government procurement in Russia; enriching data from the UIS with additional data from market analysis systems; analyzing the subject area and identifying potentially valuable categorical data that have not been previously studied by other scientists and applying the tools of one-way analysis of variance to these data in order to assess their statistical significance for solving problems of predicting the execution of government contracts. By applying the ANOVA method to a dataset that included more than 83 thousand consolidated records, results were obtained confirming the significance of a number of categorical features relating to the supplier’s industry, its legal form and region for predicting the execution of government contracts. At the same time, it was revealed that such characteristics as form of ownership, method of placing an order, legal category of the size of the supplier’s business and budget level are not statistically significant for forecasting purposes. The results obtained can be used by researchers in the course of cluster analysis, exploratory data analysis, and when constructing an ensemble of models for predicting the execution of government contracts. The results obtained expand and deepen existing approaches in terms of searching for new significant features based on information capabilities contained in government information systems and other big data sources.
Aplications of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizes (Vam) and Trichoderma Sp
Authors: Giono Bibiana Rini Widiati , Hadija Hadija , Idrus Muh. Izzdin
Published: November 2023

ABSTRAK

Mikoriza Vesicular Arbuskular (MVA) dan  Trichoderma sp.  adalah mikroorganisme agen hayati untuk membantu dalam pengambilan unsur hara, menekan populasi patogen, mempercepat pertumbuhan tanaman dan meningkatkan hasil produksi tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui umur pindah tanam dengan aplikasi Mikoriza Vesikular Arbuskula (MVA) dan dosis Trichoderma sp yang dapat meningkatkan produksi tanaman jagung Ungu (Zea mays var Ceratina Kulesh). Metode  penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen (true experiment) yang disusun berdasarkan Rancangan Petak Terpisah (RPT). Percobaan ini terdiri atas petak utama yaitu umur pindah tanaman (m) dengan aplikasi Mikoriza Vesikula Arbuskula (MVA) sebanyak 10 g.tan-1 :  m1(umur pindah tanam 0 hari), m2(umur pindah tanam 7 hari), m3 (umur pindah tanam 10 hari). Anak petak yaitu dosis Trichoderma sp(t), terdiri dari: t0 (tanpa Trichoderma sp), t1(Trichoderma sp. 100 g.tan-1, t2 (Trichoderma sp. 200 g.tan-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa umur 10 hari pindah tanam dengan aplikasi mikoriza sebanyak 10 g.tan-1 memberikan hasil terbaik pada diameter tongkol, dan serapan Fosfor. Dosis Trichoderma sp  200 g.tan-1 memberikan hasil terbaik pada bobot tajuk pertanaman, diameter tongkol, Kombinasi umur 10 hari pindah tanam dengan aplikasi Mikoriza Vesikula Arbuskula (MVA) dan  dosis Trichoderma sp  200 g.tan-1 memberikan hasil terbaik pada bobot tongkol per tanaman, serapan Nitrogen dan Kalium.

 

Kata Kunci : Jagung ungu, Kalium, Mikoriza, Trichoderma sp., Umur Pindah tanam
Recommendation Of Compost OPEFB and Colchicine Concentration On Plant Beans Long Renek (Vigna unguiculata var. Sesquagpedalis)
Authors: Fathurrahman Fathurrahman , Mulyani Sri , Sinaga Parlinggoman
Published: November 2023

ABSTRAK

Prospek yang cerah dalam  budidaya sayuran di dataran rendah masih sangat menjanjikan dengan semakin tingginya permintaan sayur di pasar. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kacang panjang renek terhadap interaksi pemberian pupuk kompos TKKS dan konsentrasi kolkisin. Eksperimen menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) secara faktorial terdiri dari dua faktor dan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama, pupuk kompos TKKS terdiri dari 4 taraf dan  Faktor kedua konsentrasi kolkisin terdiri dari 4 taraf. Secara  tunggal  pemberian pupuk dan kolkisin berpengaruh nyata terhadap diameter batang dan yang tertinggi  adalah TKKS3 (10.93 mm) serta  perlakuan kolkisin K3 (10.63 mm). Perlakuan tunggal kompos TKKS dan kolkisin berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat daun, yang tertinggi TKKS3 (3.23 g) dan kolkisin K3 (2.55 g). Hasil pengamatan kompos TKKS pada umur panen TKKS2 (44.00 hari) dan kolkisin K3 (43.92 hari). Polong terbanyak  perlakuan kompos TKKS3 (121.85)  dan kolkisin K0 (111.42). Berat buah tertinggi pada perlakuan kompos TKKS3 (1579.26 g) dan kolkisin K0 (1504.31 g). Konsentrasi klorofil b pada umur daun 15 hari tertinggi pada kombinasi T1K1 (14401.17 mg L-1)  dan konsentrasi kolkisin K0 (111.42 mg L-1). Kompos TKKS dan kolkisin berpengaruh nyata pada klorofil b daun muda   (15 hari).
Response of Growth and Production of Shallots (Alium cepa L.) to Planting Spacing and Watering Time Eco Enzyme
Authors: Panataria Lince Romauli , Saragih Meylin , Sitorus Efbertias , Simanjuntak Pantas , Sidauruk Lamria , Nobel Nobel , Panjaitan Ernitha
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

This research was conducted at the Experimental Field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Methodist Indonesia, Harmonika Baru Street, Medan Selayang District, with an altitude of ± 27 meters above sea level. This research was conducted from February to May 2022. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of spacing and timing of Eco Enzyme watering on the growth and production of shallots (Allium cepa L.). This study used a randomized block design (RBD) using 2 treatment factors. The first factor is the spacing consisting of 3 levels, namely: J1 = 15cm x 15cm, J2 = 20cm x 15cm, J3 = 25cm x 15cm. The second factor is Eco Enzyme Watering Time consisting of 3 levels, namely: W1 = 1x1 day, W2 = 1x2 days, W3 = 1x3 days. The results showed that plant spacing had a significant effect on sprouting age, root length, tuber diameter/sample, and tuber/sample dry weight. From the treatment results it was found that J2 and J3 had the fastest germination age (2.37 days) when compared to treatment J1 (2.67 days), the highest root length was in treatment J3 (14.92 cm) and the lowest was in treatment J1 (13.22 cm), the largest tuber diameter / sample was in treatment J3 (20.38 mm) and the lowest was in treatment J1 (18.11 mm) and The highest tuber dry weight / sample was in treatment J3 (66.68 g) and the lowest was in treatment J1 (52.06 g).

Keywords: planting spacing, eco enzyme, shallots.
CHANGES IN THE OXYS RAT SERUM METABOLOM — A MODEL OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Authors:   International Tomographic Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Smolentsev A.A. , Snytnikova O.A. , Kolosova N.G. , Telegina D.V. , Tsentalovich Yu.P. ,   Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk,   Novosibirsk State University
Published: November 2023

NMR spectroscopy is used to identify metabolic preconditions and markers for the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A comparative quantitative analysis of blood serum metabolites of OXYS rats, a model of premature aging, one of the manifestations of which is the development of a complex of AD signs, was carried out.
Assistência pedagógica aplicada a crianças hospitalizadas com o ensino-aprendizagem interrompido
Authors: Pereira Gabriela Silva , Nascimento Andresa Sobral Silva do , Lago Vivian Conceição Alves Leite Pereira do
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: Descrever a importância da assistência pedagógica aplicada a crianças hospitalizadas com o ensino-aprendizagem interrompido. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, cujo método incluiu análise de pesquisas já realizadas, síntese de conhecimentos e reflexões sobre intervenções futuras, pois possibilita ao profissional de saúde orientar o paciente de como deve cuidar da própria saúde, tomando os devidos cuidados para que não tenha infecções e, ao profissional da pedagogia, refletir a necessidade de considerar o crescimento e desenvolvimento intelectual da criança e o seu desenvolvimento em um conjunto de necessidades educativas que correspondem à fase da vida. Resultados: Foi ressaltado que o acompanhamento pedagógico em crianças e jovens hospitalizados deve acontecer e que o estado deve se organizar para oferecer esse tipo de serviço, preparando não só um espaço adequado, mas também orientando as famílias sobre tal importância. Considerações finais: Conclui-se assim, que a pedagogia hospitalar é algo de extrema importância para as pessoas que não podem dar continuidade aos estudos no ambiente escolar. Mas para que esse processo aconteça são necessárias pessoas especializadas tanto na área educacional quanto na área de saúde, pois é preciso ter um olhar diferenciado e completo do indivíduo.
Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor Geftinib-induced erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp – A report with a brief review of the literature
Authors: Francis Aneeta , Nair Pradeep S. , R. S Bindu
Published: November 2023

Gefitinib is an epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor used in the treatment of non-small cell carcinoma of the lungs, adenocarcinoma of the lungs, and solid malignancies of the head and neck region. A 65-year-old female patient with non-small cell carcinoma lung with bone metastasis was started on gefitinib monotherapy after which the patient noticed papulo-pustular lesions on the scalp, later leading to loss of hair. Dermatological examination revealed erythema, pustules with crusting, along with matting of the hair on the frontoparietal area with some areas of hair loss. Trichoscopic examination showed the absence of follicular openings indicating scarring alopecia. Skin biopsy showed perivascular mixed infiltrate of lymphocytes and neutrophils and absent hair follicles, consistent with gefitinib-induced erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp, a rare entity.
From competition to cooperation: Paradigm shifts in trait-based ecology change our understanding of the processes that structure microbial communities
Authors: Piccini Claudia , Devercelli Melina , Yema Lilen , Segura Angel , Bastidas Navarro Marcela , Sathicq María B. , Martínez de la Escalera Gabriela , Martínez Goicoechea Ana , Rodrigues Amaral Da Costa Mariana , O'Farrell Inés , Lara Enrique , Kruk Carla
Published: November 2023

Prevailing social, economic and political ideas and paradigms constitute the lens through which scientists observe, assess, and understand the world. This affects how we interpret and understand the mechanisms governing the interaction between organisms and has led, in most cases, to dominant explanations and paradigms that are difficult to overthrow. This is the case of ecological theory, whose perspectives have followed the rationale of societal changes. From the industrial revolution to very recently, species competition for resources was regarded as one of the main drivers of species interactions. Nowadays, a new and rapidly growing way of thinking emerged, fueled by the high sequencing capacities, ultra-resolution microscopy and the slowly growing number of different social and gender perspectives participating in ecological studies: that living beings are not just single organisms interacting with other single organisms, but complex communities of macro- and microorganisms living and evolving together. The information emerging from this field is bringing new light to previously disregarded aspects of the ecological interactions that, in our opinion, will change the main paradigms in ecology. As members of a South American scientific network of Aquatic Microbial Ecology (MicroSudAqua), here we propose to explore alternative explanations for ecological observations, searching for new traits accounting for cooperation between microorganisms as a fundamental evolutionary and ecological strategy.
* Photo: Hyalosphenia papilio (Amoebozoa; Arcellinida), an amoeba species that hosts endosymbiotic algae related to the genus Chlorella. These organisms live in boreal peat bogs, an oligotrophic environment where they obtain much needed nutrients through their photosynthesizing partners. The amoeba requires the alga to close its life cycle, and has never been observed without it. Image: Prof. Edward A. D. Mitchell
ON THE ISSUE OF COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT AND RELATIONSHIP OF KEY CHARACTERISTICS OF FORMULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF FINANCIAL POLICY
Authors: Biryuk Dmytro
Published: November 2023

The article substantiates the importance of considering the content and interrelationships of the key characteristics of the dialectic of financial relations, which stems from the dominant interpretation of the essence of the concept of "finance" as a set of conflicting relationships and interests in society, when forming and implementing financial policy. It emphasizes that these characteristics are important to include in the list of factors that, along with the features of a specific stage of development, should be considered when developing scientifically based concepts and directions of financial transformations in the state, and that they should form the basis of the formation of the financial system and its functioning mechanisms.
ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT HANDLING IN THE PROCESS OF CONDUCTING ACCOUNTING IN MODERN CONDITIONS
Authors: Babinska Solomiia
Published: November 2023

In modern conditions, digitalization is one of the key factors of economic growth. Taking into account the experience of previous years (the coronavirus pandemic, the beginning of military operations in Ukraine), it can be seen that during a crisis, business entities must quickly adapt to work challenges and adjust their work model to today's requirements. Many business entities prepare financial statements in electronic form, but this is rarely the case for formation of primary accounting documents. The main purpose of the primary document is to confirm the implementation of a certain business transaction at the enterprise. Therefore, the availability of the primary accounting document is a mandatory and important component of the document flow as a whole. In turn, an electronic document should be understood as a document in which information is recorded in an electronic format. However, it should be noted that the requirements for the electronic primary document remain the same as for the paper one, with the preservation of all the necessary details. That is why this article considers the essence of electronic document flow in the accounting process. It researches the main legislative and regulatory acts that ensure the organization of electronic document circulation, in particular primary accounting documents in Ukraine, and their essence. The article defines the main grounds on which the electronic primary document is considered valid and provisions regarding the order of their preservation, requirements of names of the files in which they are saved. It gives opportunities provided by an electronic document management system in modern conditions. The article considers advantages (much higher speed of information dissemination, reduction of paper circulation, cost savings, protection of documents from unauthorized access, etc.) and disadvantages (the need for a high level of protection against unauthorized access to electronic accounting documents, significant cost for the formation of resource support for the operation of electronic document circulation, a high probability of loss of electronic accounting documents in case of spread of viruses, etc.) of the electronic document management system in the accounting process.
A Neutral PCNHCP Co(I)-Me Pincer Complex as a Universal Catalyst for N-Allylic Isomerization
Authors: Raje Sakthi , Sheikh Mohammed Tofayel , de Ruiter Graham
Published: November 2023

Earth-abundant metal catalyzed double bond transposition offers a sustainable and atom economical route towards the synthesis of internal alkenes. With emphasis specifically on internal olefins and ethers, the isomerization of allylic amines has been particularly underrepresented in the literature. Herein, we report an efficient methodology for the selective isomerization of N-allylic organic compounds including, amines, amides, and imines. The reaction is catalyzed by a neutral PCNHCP Cobalt(I) pincer complex and proceeds via a π-allyl mechanism that includes an unusual 1,2-methyl migration. The isomerization occurs readily at 80 °C and it is compatible with a wide variety of functional groups. The in-situ formed enamines, could additionally be used for a one-pot inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction to furnish a series of diversely substituted hetero-biaryls, which is further discussed in this report.
Insight into selectivity differences of glycerol electro-oxidation on Pt(111) and Ag(111)
Authors: Meng Zhe , Tran David , Hjelm Johan , Kristoffersen Henrik , Rossmeisl Jan
Published: November 2023

Electro-oxidation is a sustainable way to utilize glycerol, a byproduct of biodiesel production, to produce fuels and feedstock chemicals for the chemical industry. A significant challenge is to get products with high selectivity, so it is desirable to understand the glycerol oxidation mechanisms in further details. Using density functional theory calculations, we investigate possible glycerol oxidation intermediates on Pt(111) and Ag(111). We find that the different adsorption preferences of the intermediates on Pt (adsorption via carbon atoms) and on Ag (adsorption via oxygen atoms) lead to different preferred reaction pathways, resulting in different products. The reaction pathways on both surfaces involve glyceraldehyde as a key intermediate, however, upon further oxidation, Pt(111) preferentially produces glyceric acid (CH2OH-CHOH-COOH), while on Ag(111) C-C bonds are broken and leads to production of glycolaldehyde and formic acid (CH2OH-CHO and HCOOH). These predictions agrees well with the experimental outcome of electro-oxidation of glycerol on Pt and Ag surfaces. Our study therefore provides useful insights for optimizing the selectivity of glycerol oxidation and improving the sustainable utilization of glycerol.
Review of Low-cost Self-driving Laboratories: The "Frugal Twin" Concept
Authors: Lo Stanley , Baird Sterling , Schrier Joshua , Blaiszik Ben , Carson Nessa , Foster Ian , Aguilar-Granda Andrés , Kalinin Sergei , Maruyama Benji , Politi Maria , Tran Helen , Sparks Taylor , Aspuru-Guzik Alán
Published: November 2023

This review proposes the concept of a “frugal twin,” similar to a digital twin, but for physical experiments. Frugal twins range from simple toy examples to low-cost surrogates of high-cost research systems. For example, a color-mixing self-driving laboratory (SDL) can serve as a low-cost version of a costly multi-step chemical discovery SDL. Frugal twins already provide hands-on experience for SDLs with low costs and low risks. They can also offer as test beds for software prototyping (e.g., optimization, data infrastructure), and a low barrier to entry for democratizing SDLs. However, there is room for improvement. The true value of frugal twins can be realized in three core areas. Firstly, hardware and software modularity; secondly, purpose-built design (human-inspired vs. hardware-centric vs. human-in-the-loop); and thirdly state-of-the-art (SOTA) software (e.g., multi-fidelity optimization). We also describe the ethical benefits and risks that come with the democratization of science through frugal twins. For future work, we suggest ideas for new frugal twins, SDL educational course outcomes, and a classification scheme for autonomy levels.
TRAVOLTA: GPU Acceleration and Algorithmic Improvements for Constructing Quantum Optimal Control Fields in Photo-Excited Systems
Authors: Rodriguez-Borbon Jose , Wang Xian , Dieguez Adrian , Ibrahim Khaled , Wong Bryan
Published: November 2023

We present an open-source software package, TRAVOLTA (Terrific Refinements to Accelerate, Validate, and Optimize Large Time-dependent Algorithms), for carrying out massively parallelized quantum optimal control calculations on GPUs. The TRAVOLTA software package is a significant overhaul of our previous NIC-CAGE algorithm and also includes algorithmic improvements to the gradient ascent procedure to enable faster convergence. We examine three different variants of GPU parallelization to assess their performance in constructing optimal control fields in a variety of quantum systems. In addition, we provide several examples with extensive benchmarks on our GPU-enhanced TRAVOLTA code to show that it generates the same results as previous CPU-based algorithms but with a speedup that is more than ten times faster. Our GPU enhancements and algorithmic improvements enable large quantum optimal control calculations that can be efficiently and routinely executed on modern multi-core computational hardware.
Quantitative Assessment of Hydrophilicity/Hydrophobicity in Mesoporous Silica by combining Adsorption, Liquid Intrusion and solid-state NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Cuadrado Collados Carlos , Huber Christoph , Söllner Jakob , Grass Jan-Paul , Inayat Alexandra , Durdyyev Rustam , Smith Ana , Wisser Dorothea , Hartmann Martin , Thommes Matthias
Published: November 2023

We have developed a comprehensive strategy for quantitatively assessing the hydrophilicity/ hydrophobicity of nanoporous materials by combining advanced adsorption studies, novel liquid intrusion techniques and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. For this we have chosen a well-defined system of model materials, i.e., the highly ordered mesoporous silica molecular sieve SBA-15 in its pristine state and functionalized with different amounts of trimethylsilyl groups allowing one to accurately tailor the surface chemistry while maintaining the well-defined pore structure. For an absolute quantification of the trimethylsilyl group density, quantitative 1H solid-state NMR spectroscopy under Magic Angle Spinning was employed. A full textural characterization of the materials was obtained by high-resolution argon 87 K adsorption, coupled with the application of dedicated methods based on non-local-density functional theory (NLDFT). Based on the known texture of the model materials, we developed a novel methodology allowing one to determine the effective contact angle of water adsorbed on the pore surfaces from complete wetting to non-wetting, constituting a powerful parameter for the characterization of the surface chemistry inside porous materials. The surface chemistry was found to vary from hydrophilic to hydrophobic with increasing TMS functionalization. For wetting and partial wetting surfaces, pore condensation of water is observed at pressures P smaller than the bulk saturation pressure P0 (i.e., at P/P0 < 1) and the effective contact angle of water on the pore walls could be derived from the water sorption isotherms. However, for non-wetting surfaces, pore condensation occurs at pressures above the saturation pressure (i.e., at P/P0 > 1). In this case we investigated the pore filling of water (i.e. the vapour-liquid phase transition) by the application of a novel, liquid water intrusion/extrusion methodology, allowing one to derive the effective contact angel of water on the pore walls even in case of non-wetting. Complementary molecular simulations provide density profiles of water on pristine and TMS-grafted silica surfaces (mimicking the tailored, functionalized experimental silica surfaces) which allow for a molecular view on the adsorbed water phase. Within this context, the presented methodology can be considered a powerful toolbox for a comprehensive surface chemistry assessment for pristine and functionalized mesoporous silica surfaces, but can also be extended to any other nanoporous material. It has the potential to provide important guidance for the design and selection of porous materials for various applications including separation applications (such as chromatography), heterogeneous catalysis etc.
CRESt – Copilot for Real-world Experimental Scientist
Authors: Ren Zhichu , Zhang Zhen , Tian Yunsheng , Li Ju
Published: November 2023

Autonomous laboratories were previously controlled mainly by scripting languages such as Python, limiting their usage among experimentalists. The recent release of OpenAI's ChatGPT API's function calling feature has enabled seamless integration and execution of Python subroutines in experimental workflows using voice commands. We have developed a system of Copilot for Real-world Experimental Scientist (CRESt) system, with a demonstration shown on YouTube. Large language models (LLMs) empower all research group members, regardless of coding experience, to leverage the robotic platform for their own projects, simply by talking with CRESt.
Transgenerational epigenetic effects imposed by neonicotinoid thiacloprid exposure
Authors: Dali Ouzna , D’Cruz Shereen , Legoff Louis , Diba Lahmidi Mariam , Heitz Celine , Merret Pierre-Etienne , Kernanec Pierre-Yves , Pakdel Farzad , Smagulova Fatima
Published: November 2023

Neonicotinoids are a widely used class of insecticides that are being applied in agricultural fields. We examined the capacity of a neonicotinoid, thiacloprid (thia), to induce transgenerational effects in male mice. Pregnant outbred Swiss female mice were exposed tothiaat embryonic days E6.5–E15.5 using different doses. Testis sections were used for morphology analysis, ELISAs for testosterone level analysis, RT–qPCR and RNA-seq for gene expression analysis, MEDIP-seq and MEDIP–qPCR techniques for DNA methylation analysis, and Western blot for a protein analysis. The number of meiotic double-strand breaks and the number of incomplete synapsed chromosomes were higher in thethia6-treated group of F3 males. Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in spermatozoa revealed that differentially methylated regions were found in all three generations at the promoters of germ cell reprogramming responsive genes and many superenhancers that are normally active in embryonic stem cells, testis, and brain. DNA methylation changes induced bythiaexposure during embryonic period are preserved through several generations at important master regulator regions.
Tracing the Origin of Journalism Education in China: A Historical Research of Early Journalism Education in Tsinghua University
Authors: 邓 绍根
Published: November 2023

在中国新闻教育萌芽期,清华学校积极开展新闻出版活动,于1916年12月倡议成立“新闻研究会”,研究新闻,培养新闻人才。虽然该研究会并没有成立,但正因为清华学子们积极开展和参与新闻出版活动,其中部分人热爱上了新闻学,赴美留学,专修或选修了新闻专业,回国后服务新闻战线,做出了不俗的业绩。1947年至1952年院系调整前(除1948年9至1949年9月),清华大学中文系聘请燕京大学新闻学系主任蒋荫恩教授在大四年级开设“新闻学概论”必修课程,拓展了清华学子的就业渠道,受到学生的欢迎。因此,清华大学感应到了中国新闻事业由政论时代向新闻时代转型的脉搏,尝试开展了新闻学研究,探索新闻教育,深具新闻教育传统。
Exploring Journalism Students􀆳 Internship from the Perspective of Professional Socialization
Authors: 陶 建杰 , 林 晶珂
Published: November 2023

本研究基于专业社会化视角,从时间、满意度评价两个维度考察新闻学子的媒体实习状况,并分别探讨其影响因素。研究发现,中国新闻业融合转型的背景下,专业社会化提前几乎是必然趋势,但无益于学生、学校与行业的长远发展。具体而言,首次媒体实习时间“低龄化”与“拒绝型”并存,两极分化明显;组织环境、关系网络与专业承诺是影响新闻学子专业社会化进程的主要因素。媒体实习的作用主要在于“增进了解”而非“从业促进”。同时,提前实习并不意味着有效的专业社会化。首次媒体实习越晚、实习时间越长的新闻学子,媒体实习满意度越高。实习期间的工作强度越大、自主性越高,媒体实习评价越积极。对于新闻学子的专业社会化,沉浸深入的综合实习比浅尝辄止的行业体验更重要。基于上述发现,本文提出了改进新闻教育的若干建议。
New Zealand’s size and isolation can stimulate new science
Authors: Yock Philip
Published: November 2023

It is conventionally thought that New Zealand’s distance from the large, northern hemisphere centres of learning, and our relatively small population and wealth, are detrimental to the contribution we can make to the advancement of scientific knowledge. Here the reverse point of view is argued.
The lark descending: Are non-native birds undervalued in New Zealand?
Authors: Wratten Stephen
Published: November 2023

​New Zealand has an audacious plan to protect its native birds. The country has pledged to rid itself of introduced mammalian predators by 2050 and, this year, will spend $20 million on the ‘Battle for the Birds’, one of the largest predator control programmes in the country’s history, across more than 800,000 hectares of land. Of the 168 bird species that are native to New Zealand, four in five are in trouble, according to a report published last month by the Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment. New Zealand’s native birds deserve all the help they can get, but this should not detract from the fact that new data show that several introduced bird species are also disappearing.
The Unburnt Egg – More stories of a museum curator
Authors: Campbell Hamish
Published: November 2023

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Release of Stage 2 of Havelock North Drinking-Water Inquiry
Authors: Editors
Published: November 2023

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Mātauranga and science
Authors: Mercier Ocean
Published: November 2023

Mātauranga – Māori knowledge and Māori ways of knowing – developed in Aotearoa along with the cultural and epistemological identities of iwi Māori, thus is rooted in these islands and holds a well of human understanding of Aotearoa ecosystems. Mātauranga encompasses traditional and contemporary knowledge and is becoming increasingly sought after and integrated into mainstream education, research, and environmental policy in Aotearoa New Zealand. With ‘Vision Mātauranga’ a critical point of engagement for researchers, what does the scientist working in this space need to know about mātauranga? I have highlighted what I see to be key aspects of the discussion on how scientists work with those who hold and access mātauranga, and with mātauranga itself. The scholarly literature on mātauranga is extensive, so I focus on that which is relevant toscience education and science research. Throughout I describe and explore the potential of research in which mātauranga and science connect and relate.
A quick look at prime numbers
Authors: Lillis David
Published: November 2023

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Movilidad y estilos de vida de la población gitana rumana. Un estudio de caso en el Sur de España.
Authors: Montoya Fernández María Luna , Gutiérrez Sánchez José David
Published: November 2023

Este artículo de corte cualitativo se centra en los factores causales de la movilidad de la población gitana rumana a la provincia de Sevilla (Andalucía, Sur de España) y su actual estilo de vida en entornos ubicados en las periferias de ciudades. La investigación se ha llevado a cabo a través de un estudio exploratorio en distintos territorios (Écija, Utrera, Los Palacios y Sevilla capital). Además, se realizaron 35 entrevistas a hombres y mujeres entre 21 y 72 años nacidos en Rumanía. Los hallazgos han posibilitado de un lado, conocer a la población gitana rumana que vive estigmatizada y en condiciones de vulnerabilidad social en la periferia de distintas ciudades, y de otro lado, las características que acompañan a la movilidad de la población en su periplo por mejorar las condiciones de vida. Se concluye resaltando la capacidad de adaptación y movilidad del grupo objeto de estudio ante situaciones complejas de exclusión social. Además, se recalca la necesidad de intervenir para dar soluciones duraderas desde los Servicios Sociales, los cuales deberían programar acciones específicas con esta tipología de población que vive en exclusión y que presenta características propias
Análisis del valor percibido y desinformación aplicados a los cigarrillos electrónicos en españoles jóvenes
Authors: Villanueva-Blasco Víctor José , Akardas Merve , Isorna Folgar Manuel , Rey-Pino Juan Miguel
Published: November 2023

Introducción. El tabaco, y su componente principal, la nicotina, continúa siendo uno de los principales problemas de salud a nivel mundial. Actualmente está aumentado el uso de los cigarrillos electrónicos (CE). El objetivo fue analizar el valor percibido y las motivaciones para el consumo de nicotina a través de los cigarrillos electrónicos y su convergencia con las estrategias de desinformación y marketing de la industria de la nicotina. Métodos. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa a través de una revisión centrada en el valor percibido de la nicotina y sus tecnologías de consumo habituales, y entrevistas en profundidad a 15 jóvenes universitarios. Resultados. Se identifican varios componentes del valor percibido de la experiencia de consumir nicotina a través de los CE frente al cigarrillo convencional, en consonancia con la estrategia de desinformación y difusión de fake news de la industria. Estos se refieren a los CE como productos menos perjudiciales que el tabaco convencional, más limpios, atractivos y facilitadores para el abandono del consumo de tabaco. Conclusiones. Se evidencia cómo las marcas están aprovechando la capacidad limitada del consumidor para procesar mensajes en su toma de decisiones a través de la comunicación de marketing realizada, basadas en desinformación y fake news. Es necesario continuar indagando sobre las estrategias de la industria para fomentar el consumo de nicotina en la población, especialmente en los jóvenes.
Una perspectiva trasmedia hacia la narrativa del net.art y su contexto digimodernista
Authors: Escobar Mengual Blanca
Published: November 2023

Este artículo explora las narrativas transmedia y su contexto digimodernista a través de los fenómenos literarios artísticos surgidos de Internet y de toda una comunidad interconectada en la red. A través de un recorrido desde el origen del net.art hasta su evolución hacia los NFTs y el Metaverso, se analizan los procesos de escritura y lectura digital hacia la cultura de pago y la propiedad intelectual. Así, se explora cuál es la misión de la literatura en estos universos digitales.