bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prognosis associated with geometric patterns of left ventricular remodeling: systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Zheng Qishi , Loo Germaine , Le Thu-Thao , Shi Luming , Chan Edwin Shih-Yen , Chin Calvin W. L.
Published: July 2019

Background:There are four geometric patterns (normal geometry, concentric remodeling, concentric and eccentric hypertrophy) used to describe cardiac remodeling.  Although left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is associated with adverse prognosis, the incremental prognostic value of geometric patterns is less certain.  We examined characteristics and prognosis associated with the four conventional patterns of left ventricle (LV) remodeling.

Methods:A comprehensive literature search was performed on MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library until January 2019.  Network meta-analysis was used to pool data from direct and indirect prognostic comparisons of the four geometric patterns.  All-cause mortality was defined as the study outcome. 

Results:A total of 22 echocardiographic studies (76,142 individuals; 50.1% males; 64.4±7.9 years) of diverse cardiovascular diseases were included.  Concentric LVH was associated with the highest prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and diseases; and eccentric hypertrophy was associated with a high prevalence of atrial fibrillation and low LV ejection fraction.  Compared to normal geometry, the risk of all-cause mortality was increased in concentric hypertrophy (risk ratio 1.97 [95% confidence interval 1.63-2.39]) but similar to eccentric hypertrophy (risk ratio 1.15 [95% confidence interval 0.97-1.36]). 

Conclusions:The study populations examined in the meta-analysis were heterogeneous.  Concentric LVH conferred the highest risk of all-cause mortality that overlapped with eccentric hypertrophy.  Strategies to improve LVH risk stratification should be examined in future research.
Optimization Bounds from the Branching Dual
Authors: Benadè Gerdus , Hooker John N.
Published: July 2019

We present a general method for obtaining strong bounds for discrete optimization problems that is based on a concept of branching duality. It can be applied when no useful integer programming model is available, and we illustrate this with the minimum bandwidth problem. The method strengthens a known bound for a given problem by formulating a dual problem whose feasible solutions are partial branching trees. It solves the dual problem with a “worst-bound” local search heuristic that explores neighboring partial trees. After proving some optimality properties of the heuristic, we show that it substantially improves known combinatorial bounds for the minimum bandwidth problem with a modest amount of computation. It also obtains significantly tighter bounds than depth-first and breadth-first branching, demonstrating that the dual perspective can lead to better branching strategies when the object is to find valid bounds.
How Organizations Claim Authenticity: The Coproduction of Illusions in Underground Restaurants
Authors: Demetry Daphne
Published: July 2019

With perceptions of authenticity offering contemporary organizations a key competitive advantage in the marketplace, a growing body of research has investigated “authenticity work”: the diverse ways in which organizational actors fabricate authenticity claims for their audience members. However, claiming authenticity is a challenging and problematic task, because organizations must weigh how much authenticity they can safely project without incurring backfire. This is further complicated by consumers’ fickle and contradictory attitudes regarding authenticity work. This study examines this challenge by asking how organizations can claim authenticity in a way that aligns with their audiences’ variable understandings and expectations. Drawing on a qualitative study of underground restaurants—alternative social dining establishments, also known as “pop-ups” or “supper clubs”—I show that organizers claim authenticity through the coperformance of three illusions: community, transparency, and gift-giving. Instead of rejecting these illusions, most diners and underground organizers knowingly embrace them as authentic. This paper suggests that authenticity work, far from sending a one-way signal that audience members passively accept or reject, involves a continual process that generates the active co-construction of illusions by organizers and their audiences.
Knowledge Sources and Operational Problems: Less Now, More Later
Authors: Berchicci Luca , Dutt Nilanjana , Mitchell Will
Published: July 2019

Unlike problems requiring new-to-the-world solutions that combine knowledge from multiple sources, operational problems can often be solved by repurposing existing knowledge from other contexts into new-to-the-firm solutions. Firms that seek new-to-the-firm solutions to operational problems face a cost-benefit tradeoff when deciding how many knowledge sources to use. With less need for knowledge recombination than for new-to-the-world solutions, greater knowledge breadth incurs greater screening and implementation costs without concomitant benefits. We study how U.S. manufacturing facilities from 1991 to 2005 improve operational performance by reducing their rate of annual output of toxic chemical waste (i.e., improvements to operational effectiveness). Results show that search involving fewer knowledge sources in a given year is associated with greater improvements in operational performance (greater waste reduction). At the same time, however, using multiple knowledge sources over time helps improve operational performance, suggesting that avoiding satiation from a single source and learning across sources play temporal roles in toxic chemical waste reduction. Overall, the results suggest that the greatest improvements in operational performance arise with a focused search for new-to-the-firm solutions within periods while also exploring multiple sources over time.
Dormant Dispositions, Agent Value, and the Trinity
Authors: Lebens Samuel R , Tuggy Dale
Published: July 2019

In this paper we argue that the moral value of an agent is determined solely by their dispositions to act intentionally and freely. We then put this conclusion to work. It resolves a putative moral paradox first posed by Saul Smilansky, and it undermines a prominent line of argument for a variety of Trinitarian theology. Finally, we derive our conclusion about the moral worth of agents not only from our initial series of thought experiments, but also from Abrahamic theism itself. This means that Smilansky’s paradox can only possibly be rehabilitated by an atheist, and that the aforementioned line of argumentation for the Trinity is radically self-undermining, since it relies upon the denial of a corollary of Abrahamic theism.
A theory of self-governance: de facto constitutions as filters
Authors: Salter Alexander William , Callais Justin
Published: July 2019

What is self-governance, and under what sets of institutions is it possible? This article explores this question from the perspective of informal (de facto) constitutionalism. The dominant approach, grounded in formal constitutionalism, overlooks crucial institutional features that determine whether governance is something done by individuals to themselves, as opposed to something done by some individuals to others. Understanding self-governance requires not only identifying the durable procedures for public decision-making, but also appreciating how these procedures act as filters that select for the acquisition of political power by individuals with specific and predictable characteristics. The article develops a novel constitutional typology based on the structure of political property rights, on the one hand, and the kinds of individuals that govern, on the other, and use this typology to discover the types of polities most likely to be self-governing.
In Vitro Cell-Based Biomarkers Study of Vital Organs: Impact of the Biofield Energy Based Test Formulation
Authors: Callas Krista Joanne , Trivedi Mahendra Kumar , Branton Alice , Trivedi Dahryn , Nayak Gopal , Gangwar Mayank , Jana Snehasis
Published: July 2019

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of Biofield Energy Treated test formulation using multiple cell-lines. The test formulation and cell media (Med) was divided into two parts; one part was untreated (UT) and other part received Biofield Energy Treatment remotely by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Krista Joanne Callas, USA and labeled as Biofield Energy Treated (BT) test item (TI)/Med. Based on cell viability, test formulation was found safe. Cytoprotective action of test formulation showed significant restoration of cell viability by 89.9% and 106.4% in human cardiac fibroblasts cells (HCF) cells, while improved restoration of cell viability by 77.3% and 69% in HepG2 cells compared to untreated. Cellular restoration in A549 cells was also improved by 141.2% and 157.1% compared to untreated. ALP activity was significantly increased by 118.7% and 140.7% in UT-Med + BT-TI and BT-Med + UT-TI, respectively at 0.1 µg/mL than untreated. Percent cellular protection of HCF (heart) cells (decreased of LDH activity) was significantly increased by 89.9% and 106.4% in UT-Med + BT-TI and BT-Med + BT-TI, respectively than untreated. HepG2 cells protection (decreased ALT activity) was increased by 59.8% in BT-Med + BT-TI than untreated. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) level was increased by 22.8% in BT-Med + BT-TI than untreated. Serotonin level was significantly increased by 361.7% and 197.6% in BT-Med + UT-TI and BT-Med + BT-TI, respectively than untreated in human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y). However, relative quantification (RQ) of vitamin D receptor (VDR) was significantly increased by 116.5%, 214.7%, and 241.5% in UT-Med + BT-TI, BT-Med + UT-TI, and BT-Med + BT-TI, respectively than untreated in MG-63 cells. Overall, data showed a significant improvement of organ-specific functional enzyme biomarkers. Thus, Biofield Energy Treated Test formulation (the Trivedi Effect®) would be useful for multiple organs health that can be beneficial against coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy, cirrhosis, liver cancer, hemochromatosis, asthma, chronic bronchitis, cystic fibrosis, osteoporosis, etc.
El diseño ambientalmente consciente del hábitat
Authors: Di Bernardo Dr. Arq. Alvaro
Published: July 2019

En este artículo se examinan los presupuestos e intenciones que movilizan las discusiones y abordajes al Diseño Ambientalmente Consciente del Hábitat tanto desde el sector científico-académico como de experiencias periféricas no institucionalizadas. Se recuperan conceptos y teorías del campo de los Estudios Sociales de la Tecnología para la construcción de un marco analítico-reflexivo que permita llevar adelante tales indagaciones. El estudio, en el sector científico-académico, se delimita a las ponencias presentadas en los ámbitos de discusión de la Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Ambiente (ASADES) mientras que, en las experiencias extra-académicas, el análisis se recorta a cinco casos que promueven los principios de la Permacultura situados en San Marcos Sierras (Córdoba, Argentina). El artículo logra poner en relieve diferentes matrices de sentidos bajo las cuales se aborda actualmente la problemática ambiental del hábitat, evidenciando diferentes caminos posibles.
MEVIR, la vida rural y las comunidades
Authors: Castelli Rodríguez Mg. Lic. Luisina
Published: July 2019

El artículo presenta resultados de una investigación etnográfica llevada a cabo en Pueblo Gallinal (Paysandú, Uruguay). Su objetivo fue comprender los vínculos entre las generaciones jóvenes y adultas con relación a aspectos contextuales e históricos como las fuentes de trabajo y el tipo de vivienda, en este caso construidas a través de la política pública de MEVIR. El trabajo de campo se extendió durante un año, entre 2014 y 2015 implicando observación participante, entrevistas en profundidad, revisión de fuentes y conversaciones informales con distintos pobladores del lugar. El texto concluye que las políticas habitacionales construyen un tipo de espacio social específico que incide en los modos de convivir que tienen jóvenes y adultos, pero esta convivencia está atravesada por relaciones de poder y modos de desigualdad intergeneracional que colocan a las y los jóvenes en una posición subalterna. En última instancia este artículo busca propiciar el diálogo entre el conocimiento antropológico y el arquitectónico, colocando en foco los sentidos y relaciones sociales producidos en un escenario específico.
KOMPONEN-KOMPONEN PEMBELAJARAN AL-KITÂBAH BAHASA ARAB
Authors: Huda Nurul
Published: July 2019

The main component of Arabic learning covers the same four language skills for all competencies. They are: listening (istimâ’), speaking (kalâm), reading (qirâ’ah), and writing (kitâbah). Those four skills mutually connected. For instance, listening skill contributes to speaking skill and vice versa. In turn, those two skills will be strengthened by student reading skill or vice versa. Speaking skill is very close related to listening skill.  Speaking and listening skill refer to all means to communicate orally. Because of the importance of this writing skill, the writer sees the need of al-Kitabah study map and its parts that can be delivered to student systematically, start from the lowest level (Ibtidâiyyah) to the next level (I’dadiyyah) based on students condition and psychology, including components in Al-kitâbah.
EKSPERIMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB BERBASIS SCRABBLE
Authors: Istiqomah Istiqomah
Published: July 2019

This Scrabble-based Arabic learning model basically is an attempt held by teacher in order that student can develop vocabulary, and having competence in active learning i.e. to learn to express himself both as individual or group. According to writer’s observation on Arabic learning in schools including MI Sultan Agung, the learning doesn’t make student as active learner yet. Furthermore, the teacher considers student as an object in teaching and learning process. It is expected from this Scrabble-based Arabic learning model that student can develop vocabulary competence more actively so that they can master Arabic both in spoken and written, and it also can be useful for his/her life in future.
استعمال قاموس اللغة العربية و فوائده في فهم معانى التراكيب اللغوية في تعليم اللغة العربية من الناحية العملية
Authors: Irfandi Ahmad Muhaimin
Published: July 2019

Language is a communication tool that can make people work together and interact with each other. Because language is a means of communication, what is more important in learning the language is how we can use the language to communicate daily. For humans in general, language mastery is a remarkable achievement during one’s life. This study intends to know the use of dictionary and the benefits of the use of dictionaries among students in understanding the meaning of the structure of language in learning Arabic, both in class and outside the classroom. Understanding the meaning of language structure equals understanding the meaning of a word contained in Arabic texts. From the analysis of interviews and observations conducted by me and some of my students, the use of Arabic dictionaries is higher when learning Arabic outside the classroom. And the use of the dictionary itself has benefited both directly and indirectly in understanding the meaning of language structure on Arabic Learning in Pondok Pesantren Modern Al-Iman Wonogiri, Central Java
طريقة المباشرة في تدريس اللغة العربية في معهد دار السلام كونتور
Authors: Aziz Muhammad Fathan
Published: July 2019

Arabic Language is a tool to understand the Qur'an and Hadith. This is one of the reasons that pushes Muslims to learn Arabic. Many Islamic schools are paying attention to the teaching of the Arabic language which starts from elementary school to university level. Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor is one of the educational institutions in Indonesia that pays attention to the teaching of Arabic, therefore Gontor is known as the oldest educational institution in teaching the Arabic language since it was established in 1926. As it says in the name, Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor is a modern Islamic educational institution, because in terms of Arabic teaching, they have been using direct method. Direct method is a method that corresponds to the nature of the language, i.e. listening to and then speaking in the language. This method relies on the student development with many exercises in listening, simulation, and communication so as to pronounce in Arabic automatically. This method shows its success in teaching Arabic in Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor. Therefore the author wants to discuss these questions; 1) What is meant by direct method? 2) What is the effect of the direct method in Arabic teaching? 3) How is the application of direct method in teaching Arabic in Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor?
Alokasi Zakat sebagai Alternatif Biaya Pendidikan di Masjid Darussalam Permata Biru Cinunuk, Kota Bandung
Authors: Sopwandin Iwan
Published: July 2019

This research aims at investigating the role of zakat as an alternative means to fund education. Zakat is God’s command with dual functions, as a means of worship and social responsibility. Zakat could be spent to fund activities for the purpose of following Allah’s path (fi sabilillah). Yusuf Qardawi argues that ‘fi sabilillah’ is a form of jihad in the way of Allah. Whereas jihad in this sense covers struggle for education (tarbawi). This study utilizes Tafsir Ilmy approach to understand the interpretation of zakat for educational fund, while then enrich the data through a qualitative research. The data was gathered using observation, interviews, and documentation. The study begins by examining the interpretation of the Qur’an shura At Taubah (9): 60 according to a number of muffasirs and used it as the bedrock to analyse how zakat could become an alternative source for fund in education implemented in Masjid Darussalam Permatabiru Cinunuk. The research found that in Darussalam mosque, zakat function as scholarship fund namely Darussalam Scholarship (Dharso) which was given to four students to account for their study at university.
A step forward in the quest for a mobile EEG-designed epoch for psychophysiological studies
Authors: Balart-Sánchez Sebastián A. , Vélez-Pérez Hugo , Rivera-Tello Sergio , Gómez Velázquez Fabiola R. , González-Garrido Andrés A. , Romo-Vázquez Rebeca
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to compare a reconfigurable mobile electroencephalography (EEG) system (M-EMOTIV) based on the Emotiv Epoc® (which has the ability to record up to 14 electrode sites in the 10/20 International System) and a commercial, clinical-grade EEG system (Neuronic MEDICID-05®), and then validate the rationale and accuracy of recordings obtained with the prototype proposed. In this approach, an Emotiv Epoc® was modified to enable it to record in the parieto-central area. All subjects (15 healthy individuals) performed a visual oddball task while connected to both devices to obtain electrophysiological data and behavioral responses for comparative analysis. A Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed a good between-devices correlation with respect to electrophysiological measures. The present study not only corroborates previous reports on the ability of the Emotiv Epoc® to suitably record EEG data but presents an alternative device that allows the study of a wide range of psychophysiological experiments with simultaneous behavioral and mobile EEG recordings.
EGFR and EGFR ligands in serum in healthy women; reference intervals and age dependency
Authors: Kjær Ina Mathilde , Olsen Dorte Aalund , Alnor Anne , Brandslund Ivan , Bechmann Troels , Madsen Jonna Skov
Published: July 2019

Background

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) system is involved in cancer pathogenesis and serves as an important target for multiple cancer treatments. EGFR and its ligands epidermal growth factor (EGF), heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF), betacellulin (BTC), amphiregulin (AREG) and transforming growth factor α (TGF-α) have potential applications as prognostic or predictive serological biomarkers in cancer. The aim was to establish EGFR and EGFR ligand reference intervals in healthy women.

Methods

EGFR and EGFR ligands were measured in serum from 419 healthy women aged 26–78 years. The need for age partitioned reference intervals was evaluated using Lahti’s method. EGFR and EGF were analyzed using ELISA assays, whereas HB-EGF, BTC, AREG and TGF-α were analyzed using the highly sensitive automated single molecule array (Simoa) enabling detection below the lower reference limit for all six biomarkers.

Results

Reference intervals for EGFR and the EGFR ligands were determined as the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles. All six biomarkers were detectable in all serum samples. For EGFR, EGF, HB-EGF and TGF-α, reference intervals were established for women <55 years and for women >55 years, whilst common reference intervals were established for AREG and BTC including women aged 26–78 years.

Conclusions

Age specific reference intervals were determined for EGFR, EGF, HB-EGF, BTC, AREG and TGF-α.
On Convergence of Difference Schemes for Dirichlet IBVP for Two-Dimensional Quasilinear Parabolic Equations with Mixed Derivatives and Generalized Solutions
Authors: Matus Piotr , Poliakov Dmitriy , Hieu Le Minh
Published: July 2019

For Dirichlet initial boundary value problem (IBVP) for two-dimensional
quasilinear parabolic equations with mixed derivatives monotone linearized difference scheme is constructed.
The ellipticity conditions

c
1

⁢

∑

α
=
1

2

ξ
α
2

≤

∑

α
,
β

=
1

2

k

α
⁢
β

⁢

(
u
)

⁢

ξ
α

⁢

ξ
β

≤

c
2

⁢

∑

α
=
1

2

ξ
α
2

c_{1}\sum_{\alpha=1}^{2}\xi_{\alpha}^{2}\leq\sum_{\alpha,\beta=1}^{2}k_{\alpha%
\beta}(u)\xi_{\alpha}\xi_{\beta}\leq c_{2}\sum_{\alpha=1}^{2}\xi_{\alpha}^{2}

are assumed to be fulfilled for the sign alternating solution

u
⁢

(
𝐱
,
t
)

∈

D
¯

⁢

(
u
)

{u(\mathbf{x},t)\in\bar{D}(u)}

only in the domain of exact solution values (unbounded nonlinearity).
On the basis of the proved new corollaries of the maximum principle, not only two-sided estimates for the approximate solution y but also its belonging to the domain of exact solution values are established.
We assume that the solution is continuous and its first derivatives

∂
⁡
u

∂
⁡

x
i

{\frac{\partial u}{\partial x_{i}}}

have discontinuities of the first kind in the neighborhood of the finite number of discontinuity lines.
No smoothness of the time derivative is assumed.
The convergence of an approximate solution to a generalized solution of a differential problem in the grid norm

L
2

{L_{2}}

is proved.
The Influence of Temperature Changes in Activated Sludge Processes on Ibuprofen Removal Efficiency
Authors: Zembrzuska Joanna , Ginter-Kramarczyk Dobrochna , Zając Anna , Kruszelnicka Izabela , Michałkiewicz Michał , Dymaczewski Zbysław , Piątkowska Anna , Wawrzyniak Magdalena
Published: July 2019

The article presents results regarding the ibuprofen reduction rate at three various temperature values (8, 18 and 28 °C) which were conducted using a static test in accordance with the PN-C-04645 ‘Water and wastewater. Evaluation of partial biodegradation of anionic and non-ionic surface active substances. Initial test’ standard. A single study cycle including the analysis of ibuprofen degradation rate in specific temperature variants lasted 24 h. The activated sludge for tests was obtained from the aeration zone of a bioreactor localized in the Central Wastewater Treatment Plant in Poznan City (Poland), which was used for inoculation (1 g/dm3) of sterile samples with the medium and ibuprofen (10 mg/dm3) after appropriate pre-treatment (intense aeration for 5 h). The analysis procedure included the separation and concentration of analytes from biodegradation samples by means of solid phase extraction (SPE) and subsequent determination with high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) using an UltiMate 3000 RSLC liquid chromatogram (Dionex, USA) with a tandem API 4000 QTRAP mass spectrometer (Biosystem, MDS Sciex, USA). Both literature review as well as the conducted initial studies confirmed that the removal of ibuprofen proceeds more rapidly at higher temperature values. A higher retention rate also enhanced the reduction of ibuprofen concentration. A decrease of its concentration was observed after 24 h, which reached 40 and 50 % for temperature values of 8 and 18 °C, accordingly, whereas the highest reduction by approx. 65 % was noted at 28 °C.
Developing a Flexible Methodology for Modeling and Solving Multiple Response Optimization Problems
Authors: Hejazi Taha-Hossein , Moradpour Maryam
Published: July 2019

Simultaneous optimization of multiple quality characteristics (responses) of a product or process is required in many real-world problems. Multiresponse optimization (MRO) techniques tries to solve such problems; the ultimate objective of which is to adjust control factors that provides most desired values for the responses. Regression techniques are most commonly used methods to identify and estimate relationships between control variables and responses. Due to the industrial advances and hence the complexity of processes and systems, many relationships between input variables and quality characteristics have become much more complex. In such circumstances, classic regression techniques encounter difficulties to create a well-fitted model which can be easily optimized. The alternative approach proposed in this study is a regression tree method called CART, which is a data mining method. Since the output of CART consists of several if-then terms, NSGA-II algorithm was considered to solve the model and achieve the optimal solutions. Finally, we evaluate performance of the proposed method with a real data set about modeling and improvement of automotive engines.
Flame retardant PP/PA6 blends: A recipe for recycled wastes
Authors: Vahabi Henri , Dumazert Loïc , Khalili Reza , Saeb Mohammad Reza , Cuesta José-Marie Lopez
Published: July 2019

Disposal of plastics in the form of discarded scrap or waste is an environmental nightmare to the developed and under-developing countries. In this sense, modern technologies are every day growing; meanwhile recycling wastes are taking credit for higher performance to pave the way towards a cleaner planet. Recycling of polymer blends is associated with serious complexities in finding appropriate additives acting in each phase or at the interface of non-miscible polymers to attain materials with higher properties. A flame retardant system was designed and intended to play the role of typical recycled flame retardant polypropylene/polyamide (PP/PA6) blends by incorporation of two kinds of talc, sepiolite, and a phosphorus-based flame retardant. First, two types of talcs having different physical properties were added to PA6 in combination with melamine cyanurate (MC) or melamine pyrophosphate (MPP) to find the one acting as a barrier during combustion. Then, high-aspect-ratio talc that appeared more effective in the first-stage survey was then used in combination with MC, MPP and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) together with a compatibilizer for PP/PA6 blend. Then, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), microcalorimeter of combustion (PCFC) and cone calorimeter measurements were performed to study thermal degradation and flammability behavior. The results are indicative of successful formulation of flame retardant system containing the aforementioned precursors to be intended to the recycled PP/PA6 blends.
An Algorithm for the Approximate Solution of the Fractional Riccati Differential Equation
Authors: Ezz-Eldien S. S. , Machado J. A. T. , Wang Y. , Aldraiweesh A. A.
Published: July 2019

This manuscript develops a numerical approach for approximating the solution of the fractional Riccati differential equation (FRDE):

D

μ

u
(
x
)
+
a
(
x
)

u
2

(
x
)
+
b
(
x
)
u
(
x
)
=
g
(
x
)
,

0
≤
μ
≤
1
,

0
≤
x
≤
t
,

u
(
0
)
=
d
,

$$\begin{align*}D^{\mu}&u(x)+a(x) u^2(x)+b(x) u(x)= g(x),\quad 0\leq \mu \leq 1,\quad 0\leq x \leq t,\\&u(0)=d,\end{align*}$$

where u(x) is the unknown function, a(x), b(x) and g(x) are known continuous functions defined in [0,t] and d is a real constant. The proposed method is applied for solving the FRDE with shifted Chebyshev polynomials as basis functions. In addition, the convergence analysis of the suggested approach is investigated. The efficiency of the algorithm is demonstrated by means of several examples and the results compared with those given using other numerical schemes.
Can your work affect your kidney’s health?
Authors: Nerbass Fabiana Baggio , Pecoits-Filho Roberto
Published: July 2019

Working conditions that impair sufficient water intake have been associated with kidney problems such as kidney stones, urinary symptoms and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Higher prevalence of these morbidities was linked to occupations that do not facilitate worker access to drinking water and toilets, as well as people who perform activities in a hot environment. In this mini-review, we aim to describe and interpret available evidence in the areas of occupation, hydration and kidney health. This review explores examples of documented kidney health problems affecting professions ranging from astronauts and teachers in developed countries to rural workers in low-income settings living in water-restricted or hot environments.
Techniken der Imagepflege als Teil schulischer Leistungserzeugung
Authors: Bräu Karin , Fuhrmann Laura
Published: July 2019

Anhand von ethnografischen Unterrichtsprotokollen arbeiten wir im vorliegenden Beitrag heraus, dass sich die Hervorbringung von leistungsstarken Schüler*innen – in Anknüpfung an Goffman – in Praktiken der Imagepflege vollzieht. Die Schüler*innen grenzen sich dabei über Mehrarbeit von ihren Mitschüler*innen ab, um sich so als besonders fleißig und lernbereit zu inszenieren. Allerdings sind Imagepraktiken im Unterricht aufgrund hierarchischer Verhältnisse risikobehaftet und können nur gelingen, wenn die Lehrperson das Image der Schüler*innen als positiv anerkennt. Ein positives Leistungsimage kann dann auch verwehrt werden, falls Lehrer*innen und Schüler*innen verschiedene Normen als relevant für die Konstruktion einer guten Leistung aufrufen. In der Diskussion werden die herausgearbeiteten Erkenntnisse mit Hilfe einer theoretischen Heuristik, die als sensibilisierende Brille dient und ein sozialkonstruktivistisches Leistungsverständnis, den Imagebegriff von Goffman und anerkennungstheoretische Überlegungen verknüpft, weiter geschärft.
Morning plasma cortisol as a cardiovascular risk factor: findings from prospective cohort and Mendelian randomization studies
Authors: Crawford Andrew A , Soderberg Stefan , Kirschbaum Clemens , Murphy Lee , Eliasson Mats , Ebrahim Shah , Davey Smith George , Olsson Tommy , Sattar Naveed , Lawlor Debbie A , Timpson Nicolas J , Reynolds Rebecca M , Walker Brian R
Published: July 2019

Objective

The identification of new causal risk factors has the potential to improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction and the development of new treatments to reduce CVD deaths. In the general population, we sought to determine whether cortisol is a causal risk factor for CVD and coronary heart disease (CHD).

Design and methods

Three approaches were adopted to investigate the association between cortisol and CVD/CHD. First, we used multivariable regression in two prospective nested case-control studies (total 798 participants, 313 incident CVD/CHD with complete data). Second, a random-effects meta-analysis of these data and previously published prospective associations was performed (total 6680 controls, 696 incident CVD/CHD). Finally, one- and two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses were performed (122,737 CHD cases, 547,261 controls for two-sample analyses).

Results

In the two prospective nested case–control studies, logistic regression adjusting for sex, age, BMI, smoking and time of sampling, demonstrated a positive association between morning plasma cortisol and incident CVD (OR: 1.28 per 1 SD higher cortisol, 95% CI: 1.06–1.54). In the meta-analysis of prospective studies, the equivalent result was OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.06–1.31. Results from the two-sample Mendelian randomization were consistent with these positive associations: OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.98–1.15.

Conclusions

All three approaches demonstrated a positive association between morning plasma cortisol and incident CVD. Together, these findings suggest that elevated morning cortisol is a causal risk factor for CVD. The current data suggest strategies targeted at lowering cortisol action should be evaluated for their effects on CVD.
SIGNIFICACIONES DE JÓVENES UNIVERSITARIOS SOBRE DERECHOS HUMANOS
Authors: Magendzo K Abraham , Velasco M Shelom , Morales A Paulina
Published: July 2019

El presente artículo da cuenta de los principales resultados de una investigación sobre significaciones que atribuye un grupo de estudiantes universitarios a los derechos humanos en Chile. Entre aquellos, es posible adelantar que los jóvenes manifiestan una postura favorable con respecto a algunos principios referidos a los derechos humanos, como la libertad de creencias, la igualdad, el respeto a la diversidad, el papel del Estado como garante de derechos, entre otros. Junto con ello, se incorporan nuevos elementos a la discusión, a partir de tres categorías centrales que cruzan investigaciones similares en el nivel internacional, agrupadas en prácticas pedagógicas, gestión educativa, justicia social e inclusión. En cada una de ellas, a su vez, se hará referencia a tres variables intervinientes en la educación en derechos humanos: cognitivas, afectivo-conductuales y contextuales.
Anti-inflammatory Action of Curcumin and Its Use in the Treatment of Lifestyle-related Diseases
Authors: Shimizu Kana , Funamoto Masafumi , Sunagawa Yoichi , Shimizu Satoshi , Katanasaka Yasufumi , Miyazaki Yusuke , Wada Hiromichi , Hasegawa Koji , Morimoto Tatsuya
Published: July 2019

Chronic inflammation plays a significant role in lifestyle-related diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and obesity/impaired glucose tolerance. Curcumin is a natural extract that possesses numerous physiological properties, as indicated by its anti-inflammatory action. The mechanisms underlying these effects include the inhibition of nuclear factor-kappaB and Toll-like receptor 4-dependent signalling pathways and the activation of a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma pathway. However, the bioavailability of curcumin is very low in humans. To resolve this issue, several drug delivery systems have been developed and a number of clinical trials have reported beneficial effects of curcumin in the management of inflammation-related diseases. It is expected that evidence regarding the clinical application of curcumin in lifestyle-related diseases associated with chronic inflammation will accumulate over time.
Maintaining numerical stability of flood plain calculations by time increment splitting
Authors: Pender G.
Published: July 2019

An algorithm for simulating flood plain water levels during flood propagation in embanked river systems is presented. The algorithm uses volume conservation to simulate flood plain conditions. It differs from other storage pond algorithms in that it automatically adjusts the time increment used to maintain numerical stability. The time increment adjustment is carried out locally on the flood plain, permitting the main channel solution to proceed, using a time increment suitable for efficient implicit flood routeing calculations. Test results using hypothetical river data are presented
The Ekofisk Protective Barrier
Authors: Broughton P. , Waagaard K.
Published: July 2019

The Protective Barrier is a self-supporting offshore concrete gravity platform which forms a complete ring around the existing Ekofisk Storage Tank. It was installed initially as two half units, and was subsequently connected offshore in order to protect the Tank substructure and the associated production equipment contained thereon from severe environmental action resulting from the effects of subsidence at Ekofisk. The Paper provides a description of the design and engineering of the Protective Barrier, together with an account of the construction and installation work. This experience has led to recommendations for code changes, which would be of benefit in the future design and construction of similar offshore structures.
Effect of pile cross-section shape on pile group behaviour under lateral loading in sand
Authors: Memar Meysam , Zomorodian Seyed Mohammad Ali , Vakili Amir Hossein
Published: July 2019

Whenever superstructures are under large lateral loading, designers prefer to use piles. Pile design always has been attractive for engineers as numerous factors are involved. However, few studies are available on the effects of different cross-section shapes of the pile on the lateral resistance of a pile group. In this experimental study, four different pile cross-section shapes – fin, square, pipe and H-shaped sections – with the same surface areas were used and their lateral resistance under different conditions, such as arrangements of piles, pile spacing and relative density of sandy soil, were compared with each other. The results revealed that pile groups with fin and H cross-section shapes had the highest and the least lateral resistances, respectively, and the H-section piles represented the largest group efficiency. The ratios of lateral resistances of fin, square and H-shaped piles to those of pipe piles were 1·4, 1·19 and 0·85, respectively. The group efficiency of all piles with different section shapes was more than 1 for a pile spacing of six times the pile diameter (6DP). Moreover, while the relative density of the surrounding soil increased from a loose to a dense state, the group efficiency of all cross-section shapes of piles reduced by about 50%.
Atención primaria de salud: por qué, dónde y cómo
Authors: Calderón Carlos
Published: July 2019

Poco se puede añadir, en unas breves líneas, a lo mucho que se ha publicado en relación a la importancia de la atención primaria de salud -APS-. No obstante, la realidad de su desigual desarrollo y de sus graves carencias y amenazas en gran parte de los países, permite señalar al menos tres ámbitos de reflexión y debate tanto en el plano teórico como en el compromiso práctico de impulsar la APS como servicio público imprescindible.
Conductas de riesgo y dinámica familiar del adolescente y la de sus padres
Authors: Santiago Mijangos Alma Delia , Torres Falcón María del Consuelo Patricia
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: determinar la relación de los elementos de la dinámica familiar como comunicación y cohesión con las conductas de riesgo del adolescente y la de sus padres. Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal descriptivo correlacional en una muestra no probabilística por conveniencia de 50 adolescentes con sus respectivos padres, pertenecientes a una telesecundaria de la ciudad de Cosoleacaque, Veracruz durante los meses de octubre y noviembre de 2014. Previo consentimiento informado se aplicó una cédula de datos sociodemográficos y el test de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud “Cómo es Tu familia” y “Cómo es Su Familia”, que midió la comunicación padre-hijo y las conductas de riesgo, y la Faces III de Olson que valoró la cohesión padre-hijo. El análisis de la prueba Chi-Cuadrada y coeficiente de Spearman se realizó en el Paquete Estadístico para las Ciencias Sociales. Resultados: la media de edad de los adolescentes fue de 13.3 ± 1.23 años. La cohesión y comunicación de los padres no se asocia con la conducta de riesgo del adolescente (p=0.218>0.05 y p=.981>0.05, respectivamente). La conducta de riesgo del padre sí se asocia con la conducta de riesgo de los adolescentes (p=0.002 <0.05). Conclusión: la dinámica familiar no se asocia con las conductas de riesgo del adolescente, pero sí se asocia con la conducta de riesgo del padre, lo que es importante para el profesional de enfermería en el campo de la promoción de la salud al brindar estrategias familiares que impacten en la conducta de los padres y en su bienestar integral.
Validez y fiabilidad en Colombia del Font Roja
Authors: Manrique Abril Fred G. , Herrera Amaya Giomar Maritza , Méndez Fandiño Yardany Rafael
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: determinar la validez y confiabilidad del Font Roja para medir la satisfacción laboral en profesionales de la salud en Colombia, diseñado por Aranaz y Mira en el año de 1988. Metodología: estudio instrumental psicométrico que determinó la validez facial de contenido y de constructo con métodos estadísticos y confiabilidad del cuestionario. La muestra n=120 para la validez de constructo fue recolectada en diversas ciudades de Colombia por profesionales de enfermería en ejercicio vinculados a instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud. Resultados: el Font Roja reporta validez superior a 0,71 en contenido y facial, se extrajeron 8 factores que explican el 67,5% de la varianza mediante análisis factorial. El instrumento es fiable con un Alfa de Cronbach de 0,80. Es necesario mantener la escala íntegramente sin suprimir ítems. Conclusión: la versión en español del Font Roja como instrumento de medición de la satisfacción laboral resulta válido y fiable en el contexto colombiano.
PERILAKU KONSUMEN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN DI SALES AND MARKETING DEPARTMENT (STUDI KASUS DI HOTEL Y JAKARTA)
Authors: Subakti Agung Gita
Published: July 2019

ABSTRAKMeningkatnya jumlah wisatawan di Indonesia membuat investasi di bidang pariwisata dan perhotelan semakin menjanjikan, sehingga peluang ini tentunya sangat diperhatikan oleh para investor untuk berbisnis dengan membangun hotel-hotel baru. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perilaku konsumen terhadap keputusan pembelian di Hotel Y Jakarta. Analisa yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisa linear regresi sederhana dimana dapat digunakan untuk memprediksikan seberapa jauh perubahan nilai variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen serta juga dapat menunjukan arah hubungan antara variabel independen dan variabel dependen. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara perilaku konsumen dan keputusan pembelian di Hotel Y Jakarta, yaitu sebesar 51% dan 49% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Diantara kedua variabel ini juga terdapat sebuah hubungan yang kuat dan positif (0,714) yang berarti terjadi hubungan searah antara perilaku konsumen dengan keputusan pembelian. Dimana jika perusahaan dapat lebih memahami perilaku konsumen, maka diharapkan keputusan pembelian juga meningkat. Kata Kunci: Keputusan Pembelian, Perilaku Konsumen  CONSUMER BEHAVIOR TOWARDS PURCHASING DECISIONS IN SALES AND MARKETING DEPARTMENT(CASE STUDY AT Y JAKARTA HOTEL) ABSTRACTThe increasing number of tourists in Indonesia has made investments in tourism and hospitality sectors became more promising, this opportunity has been seen by the investors to build new hotels and another establishment. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of consumer behavior towards purchase decision at Hotel Y Jakarta. The analysis used in this study is the analysis of simple linear regression which can be used to predict the extent to which changes in the value of independent variable on the dependent variable and can also indicate the direction of the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable. The results of this study showed a significant influence between consumer behavior and purchase decision at Hotel Y Jakarta, the result is 51% and it means the 49% are influenced by other factors that not examined in this study. Among these two variables there is also a strong and positive correlation (0.714) which means there is a directional correlation between consumer behavior and purchase decisions. Wherein if the company are more concern about their consumer behavior, so it is expected that the purchase decision will also increase. Keywords: Consumer Behavior, Purchase Decision
Evaluation of methylparaben removal and microbial behavior using a SBR system
Authors: Isaza-Botero Eduar Andres , Londoño Yudy Andrea , Pino Nancy J. , Peñuela Gustavo A.
Published: July 2019

We evaluated the variation in microbial populations and the behavior of an SBR system in the removal of methylparaben (MePB). The experimentation was carried out for 14 weeks, in three operational stages as follows: stabilization (Stage I), (Stage II = 300 μgMePB/L and Stage III = 600 μgMePB/L). The variation of the microorganisms was analyzed over the experimentation time along with the contact with the pollutant to be degraded, and the removal percentage of COD and MePB, with results of 88±5,5% and 92±7,7% respectively. Kinetic of MePB removal was evaluated to obtain the rate constant of biological degradation, Kbiol. Using these kinetic results, the effect of different concentrations of MePB and biomass on biodegradation behavior was evaluated. Kbiol (LgSS-1d-1) values were obtained of 42.8 and 79 respectively; and 472±38.0 µgMePB/L, at biomass contents of 1466.7 and 2666.7 mgSSV/L, where Kbiol (LgSS-1d-1) values were obtained of 11.0 and 32.6 respectively.The variation of the microbial populations were analyzed using DGGE. The results obtained indicated that the populations presented similar characteristics between the stages. However, for the biomass samples of Stage I and stage III, significant differences were identified in the composition of microbial populations. Nonetheless, this did not affect the removal of MePB and the diversity conditions that characterize an aerobic system.
Early warning system on extreme weather events for disaster risk reduction
Authors: Ramón-Valencia Jacipt Alexander , Palacios-González Jordi Rafael , Santos-Granados Germán Rircardo , Ramón-Valencia Jarol Derley
Published: July 2019

The objective of this research was to propose a strategy based on the design and implementation of an early warning system (EWS) for extreme weather events. This project had the following phases: training for municipal and regional actors, preliminary technical diagnosis of the study areas, monitoring network, and the weather forecasts using numerical models WRF and GFS. This EWS is the result of the Macro-project EWS for Climate Events in the basins of the Pamplonita River and Zulia in the North of Santander (SATC), executed by the University of Pamplona and financed by the National Risk Management Unit (UNGRD) and the German Cooperation Agency (GIZ). The research concluded that the application of a disaster risk reduction strategy through an EWS for extreme weather events is an important tool and instrument for the planning of higher risk management because it helps anticipate disasters and consequently preserve lives.