bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprensión lectora en los estudiantes: caso educativo sobre una propuesta metodológica en educación
Authors: Jaramillo Valencia Bairon , Larrea Fernández Sara , Ossa Cuartas Maria Teresa
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The intention of this article is to show the experience of an eclectic proposal implementation in first grade students. Objective: To deeply know how in elementary school students are beginning to work on an ability that will become very important during their learning process, which will be the reading skill in a second language. Method: As they are developing this skill through the use of reproductive skills, in this study it is proposed to use an alternative methodology to this language development, which will be an eclectic methodological proposal with a qualitative approach, in order to take advantage of this skill acquisition process to begin growing reading comprehension and second language learning as well. Results: It could be demonstrated that an eclectic methodological proposal could help students to improve their reading comprehension. Conclusion: Teachers can feel confident about using eclectic methodologies in the classroom as it can become a success along the learning sessions.
Enhancing Barn Hygiene through Smart Farming: A Goat Farm Case Study in Besijangkang Using IoT
Authors: Nurisma Zenita Dewi  , Otniel Andi Hermawan  , Abdul Mujiburrohman Luthfi  , Saddam Putra Kunsina  , Mentari Putri Jati
Published: May 2024

Besijangkang farms currently rely on conventional management methods, including manual cleaning with broomsticks and inadequate lighting. The scattered droppings and urine on the floor pose challenge for efficient farm maintenance. To address these issues, a solution combining technology and conventional cage management has been proposed to allow remote access for breeders. Researchers have implemented Internet of Things (IoT) utilizing the ESP8266 NodeMCU microcontroller connected to Firebase Web. The integration of IoT in smart farming tools has proven successful and functional. The app enables remote control of the lights through designated buttons. A critical indicator for the goat farm is the urine volume, reaching full capacity at 778 liters, which triggers the illumination of the light near the component box. Furthermore, the DC motor and conveyor effectively manage the dirt load at 09.00, fulfilling their designated functions. By adopting IoT-based smart farming tools, Besijangkang farms can improve their hygiene system, enhance management efficiency, and empower breeders with remote accessibility, revolutionizing traditional farming practices for better productivity and sustainability.
Automatic Catfish Sorter and Counter Based on Weight Classification
Authors: Alif Naufal Allaudin  , Aris Nasuha
Published: May 2024

Catfish is one of the main raw materials in the fisheries sector which also supports the Indonesian economy. However, manual sorting of catfish makes the weight of catfish not uniform when marketed. Therefore, tools and machines are needed that automatically sort catfish in large quantities, making it more effective and easier for catfish breeders to use. In this study the process of making the system was realized in 3 stages, namely needs analysis, implementation, and testing of tools. The purpose of this system is to be able to classify the weight of catfish in the large category with fish weighing > 140 grams, medium with fish weighing 80-140 grams and small with fish weighing 20-80 grams. From the system test results, the average accuracy is 99.56. % and a precision of 98.75% for load cell sensor readings, while for E18 infrared sensor readings the results are always known, but data is not always sent and displayed on the LCD screen. Classification of fish categories carried out by the system has worked well, where the system is able to sort and count correctly 14 times out of 15 tests with an accuracy of 93%. The average computing time required for this tool is 3.67 seconds for 15 tests.
MQTT and CoAP Communication Protocol Analysis in Internet of Things System for Strawberry Hydroponic Plants
Authors: Nilam Andi Safitri  , Ardy Seto Priambodo
Published: May 2024

Strawberry is a fruit that is widely consumed and cultivated globally because of its richness in nutrients, vitamins, and minerals. However, several challenging factors that need to be faced in strawberry cultivation are temperature, humidity, lighting, etc. The author focuses on the application of IoT in container strawberries, especially in high-temperature advertisements. Where Hardware, Back End and Front End are important frameworks for developing the system. In developing a system that utilizes IoT technology optimally andefficiently, it is necessary to consider the lines of communication. Without an eligible communication, the device cannot be connected smoothly. In thisstudy the authors will focus on Back End to analyze the performance of the two protocols MQTT and CoAP. The MQTT protocol is better used for IoT-based hydroponic plant automation systems because the MQTT protocol can configure messages/packets sent. MQTT can provide efficient and reliable communications in the IoT environment. In addition, the development of the prototype of strawberry cultivation using the container aims toallow strawberry farmers to control the plants without having to be near the plants.
Design of an Intelligent Cooling System for the E-Inobus Battery Box
Authors: Prasetyo Adi Nugroho  , Purno Tri Aji
Published: May 2024

The battery Pack is an important component used as a source of electrical energy in E-Inobus. Therefore, an effective cooling system is required to ensure optimal conditions. So, to maintain the performance and safety of the battery pack, a system that can control the air in the battery box is needed. The purpose of this final project is to design a tool known as functional and performance testing. This research uses the R&D method that refers to the ADDIE model. The object of this research is the optimization of the cooling system in the battery box. Data collection and testing of this tool are carried out functionally, and the performance of the tool is tested. Testing the performance of the tool. The result of this research is to successfully make a cooling system optimization tool that is made using a reconditioned box and cooling system optimization tool made using a reconditioned box and Wemos Mega 2560 as a microcontroller, with testing and functional testing on DHT22 has an average difference of 0.65°C. Average difference of 0.65 ° C on the DHT22 sensor (1) and 0.32 ° C on the DHT sensor (2), then the performance test of the device. DHT sensor (2) then tests the performance when working optimally at a fan speed of 6000 Rpm with a temperature of 25 ° C, and getting optimal results can reduce the temperature by 5 ° C.
Predictive Value of Physiological Values and Symptom Scores for Exacerbations in Bronchiectasis and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease With Frequent Exacerbations: Longitudinal Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Jones Thomas Llewelyn , Roberts Claire , Elliott Scott , Glaysher Sharon , Green Ben , Shute Janis K , Chauhan Anoop J
Published: May 2024

Background

COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and bronchiectasis are common, and exacerbations contribute to their morbidity and mortality. Predictive factors for the frequency of future exacerbations include previous exacerbation frequency and airway colonization. Earlier treatment of exacerbations is likely to reduce severity.

Objective

This study tested the hypothesis that, in a population with bronchiectasis, COPD, or both who have frequent exacerbations and airway colonization, changes in symptom scores or physiological variables within 10 days prior to an exacerbation would allow the prediction of the event.

Methods

We performed a 6-month, longitudinal, observational, cohort study among 30 participants with bronchiectasis, COPD, or both; at least 2 exacerbations per year; and colonization with Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Haemophilus influenzae. Daily symptom and physiological data were collected, comprising pulse rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, peak flow rate, step count, weight, and temperature. Exacerbations (defined as the onset of new antibiotic use for respiratory symptoms) were collected, and predictive values for abnormal values in the 10 days prior to an exacerbation were calculated.

Results

A total of 30 participants were recruited, collecting a total of 39,534 physiological and 25,334 symptom data points across 5358 participant-days; these included 78 exacerbations across 27 participants, with the remaining 3 participants not having exacerbations within the 6-month observation period. Peak flow rate, oxygen saturation, and weight were significantly different at the point of exacerbation (all P<.001), but no significant trends around exacerbation were noted and no clinically beneficial predictive value was found in the overall or individually adjusted model. Symptom scores tended to worsen for 10 days on either side of an exacerbation but were of insufficient magnitude for prediction, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values of ranging from 0.4 to 0.6.

Conclusions

Within this small cohort with bronchiectasis, COPD, or both and airway colonization, physiological and symptom variables did not show sufficient predictive value for exacerbations to be of clinical utility. The self-management education provided as standard of care may be superior to either of these approaches, but benefit in another or larger cohort cannot be excluded.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/resprot.6636
Telemedicine for Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in a Publicly Funded Hospital System: Retrospective Study
Authors: Bruera Sebastian , Staggers Kristen Andrews , Suarez-Almazor Maria Eugenia , Agarwal Sandeep Krishna
Published: May 2024

Background

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that requires frequent clinic and laboratory visits. However, patients with SLE, particularly those who are underresourced, have unacceptably high rates of no-shows.

Objective

This study aims to determine no-show rates associated with telemedicine visits during the COVID-19 pandemic in comparison to no-show rates associated with contemporaneous and historic in-person visits.

Methods

We performed a retrospective cohort study in a publicly funded county hospital system in Houston, Texas. We identified a cohort of established patients with SLE by the International Classification of Diseases codes that were independently confirmed as SLE by a review of medical records. We identified patients who were seen from March to December in 2018, 2019, and 2020 (to reflect the height of the COVID-19 pandemic and account for seasonal changes in disease activity). Our primary outcome was the percentage of no-shows for rheumatology clinic appointments. Our secondary outcome was laboratory use adherence, which was defined as lupus-specific blood and urine studies conducted within 30 days of the scheduled appointment. Covariates included age, sex, race, ethnicity, and SLE-related prescription drugs.

Results

We included 156 patients with SLE in our analysis. Most were female (n=141, 90.4%), were Hispanic (n=75, 49.3%), and had a median age of 43 (range 19-80) years. In 2020, the no-show rate for telemedicine was 5.5% (10/182) compared to a no-show rate of 16.2% (31/191) for in-person visits (P=.002). After multivariable adjustment for covariates, the odds of no-show were lower for telemedicine visits (odds ratio 0.39, 95% CI 0.20-0.77). There were no differences in adherence to laboratory testing.

Conclusions

Telemedicine visits had decreased odds of no-shows without difference in laboratory testing adherence after adjustment for covariates. More research is needed to determine the clinical impact of telemedicine on patients with SLE.
Research Trends and Evolution in Radiogenomics (2005-2023): Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Wang Meng , Peng Yun , Wang Ya , Luo Dehong
Published: May 2024

Background

Radiogenomics is an emerging technology that integrates genomics and medical image–based radiomics, which is considered a promising approach toward achieving precision medicine.

Objective

The aim of this study was to quantitatively analyze the research status, dynamic trends, and evolutionary trajectory in the radiogenomics field using bibliometric methods.

Methods

The relevant literature published up to 2023 was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. Excel was used to analyze the annual publication trend. VOSviewer was used for constructing the keywords co-occurrence network and the collaboration networks among countries and institutions. CiteSpace was used for citation keywords burst analysis and visualizing the references timeline.

Results

A total of 3237 papers were included and exported in plain-text format. The annual number of publications showed an increasing annual trend. China and the United States have published the most papers in this field, with the highest number of citations in the United States and the highest average number per item in the Netherlands. Keywords burst analysis revealed that several keywords, including “big data,” “magnetic resonance spectroscopy,” “renal cell carcinoma,” “stage,” and “temozolomide,” experienced a citation burst in recent years. The timeline views demonstrated that the references can be categorized into 8 clusters: lower-grade glioma, lung cancer histology, lung adenocarcinoma, breast cancer, radiation-induced lung injury, epidermal growth factor receptor mutation, late radiotherapy toxicity, and artificial intelligence.

Conclusions

The field of radiogenomics is attracting increasing attention from researchers worldwide, with the United States and the Netherlands being the most influential countries. Exploration of artificial intelligence methods based on big data to predict the response of tumors to various treatment methods represents a hot spot research topic in this field at present.
Framework for Ranking Machine Learning Predictions of Limited, Multimodal, and Longitudinal Behavioral Passive Sensing Data: Combining User-Agnostic and Personalized Modeling (Preprint)
Authors: Mullick Tahsin , Shaaban Sam , Radovic Ana , Doryab Afsaneh
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Passive mobile sensing provides opportunities for measuring and monitoring health status in the wild and outside of clinics. However, longitudinal, multimodal mobile sensor data can be small, noisy, and incomplete. This makes processing, modeling, and prediction of these data challenging. The small size of the data set restricts it from being modeled using complex deep learning networks. The current state of the art (SOTA) tackles small sensor data sets following a singular modeling paradigm based on traditional machine learning (ML) algorithms. These opt for either a user-agnostic modeling approach, making the model susceptible to a larger degree of noise, or a personalized approach, where training on individual data alludes to a more limited data set, giving rise to overfitting, therefore, ultimately, having to seek a trade-off by choosing 1 of the 2 modeling approaches to reach predictions.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to filter, rank, and output the best predictions for small, multimodal, longitudinal sensor data using a framework that is designed to tackle data sets that are limited in size (particularly targeting health studies that use passive multimodal sensors) and that combines both user agnostic and personalized approaches, along with a combination of ranking strategies to filter predictions.

METHODS

In this paper, we introduced a novel ranking framework for longitudinal multimodal sensors (FLMS) to address challenges encountered in health studies involving passive multimodal sensors. Using the FLMS, we (1) built a tensor-based aggregation and ranking strategy for final interpretation, (2) processed various combinations of sensor fusions, and (3) balanced user-agnostic and personalized modeling approaches with appropriate cross-validation strategies. The performance of the FLMS was validated with the help of a real data set of adolescents diagnosed with major depressive disorder for the prediction of change in depression in the adolescent participants.

RESULTS

Predictions output by the proposed FLMS achieved a 7% increase in accuracy and a 13% increase in recall for the real data set. Experiments with existing SOTA ML algorithms showed an 11% increase in accuracy for the depression data set and how overfitting and sparsity were handled.

CONCLUSIONS

The FLMS aims to fill the gap that currently exists when modeling passive sensor data with a small number of data points. It achieves this through leveraging both user-agnostic and personalized modeling techniques in tandem with an effective ranking strategy to filter predictions.
Improving Participant Recruitment in Clinical Trials: Comparative Analysis of Innovative Digital Platforms (Preprint)
Authors: Bikou Alexia Georgia , Deligianni Elena , Dermiki-Gkana Foteini , Liappas Nikolaos , Teriús-Padrón José Gabriel , Beltrán Jaunsarás Maria Eugenia , Cabrera-Umpiérrez Maria Fernanda , Kontogiorgis Christos
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Pharmaceutical product development relies on thorough and costly clinical trials. Participant recruitment and monitoring can be challenging. The incorporation of cutting-edge technologies such as blockchain and artificial intelligence has revolutionized clinical research (particularly in the recruitment stage), enhanced secure data storage and analysis, and facilitated participant monitoring while protecting their personal information.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate the use of novel digital platforms and their features, such as e-recruitment, e-consent, and matching, aiming to optimize and expedite clinical research.

METHODS

A review with a systematic approach was conducted encompassing literature from January 2000 to October 2024. The MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were examined thoroughly using a customized search string. Inclusion criteria focused on digital platforms involving clinical trial recruitment phases that were in English and had international presence, scientific validation, regulatory approval, and no geographic limitations. Literature reviews and unvalidated digital platforms were excluded. The selected studies underwent meticulous screening by the research team, ensuring a thorough analysis of novel digital platforms and their use and features for clinical trials.

RESULTS

A total of 24 digital platforms were identified that supported clinical trial recruitment phases. In general, most of them (n=22, 80%) are headquartered and operating in the United States, providing a range of functionalities including electronic consent (n=14, 60% of the platforms), participant matching, and monitoring of patients’ health status. These supplementary features enhance the overall effectiveness of the platforms in facilitating the recruitment process for clinical trials. The analysis and digital platform findings refer to a specific time frame when the investigation took place, and a notable surge was observed in the adoption of these novel digital tools, particularly following the COVID-19 outbreak.

CONCLUSIONS

This study underscores the vital role of the identified digital platforms in clinical trials, aiding in recruitment, enhancing patient engagement, accelerating procedures, and personalizing vital sign monitoring. Despite their impact, challenges in accessibility, compatibility, and transparency require careful consideration. Addressing these challenges is crucial for optimizing digital tool integration into clinical research, allowing researchers to harness the benefits while managing the associated risks effectively.
Unveiling the COVID-19 Recession: The Effect of Sectoral Exposure on the Economy and Labor Market
Authors: Handayani Fitri
Published: May 2024

Introduction/Main Objectives: The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on economic and labor market conditions still need further research. This is because the pandemic had different and more extensive impacts than the 2008 global financial crisis. Background Problems: The lack of studies that explore the sectoral exposure of the economic and labor market to COVID-19 motivates this study to examine the problems and determine the impacts of the pandemic on the economy and labor market heterogeneity. Novelty: The sectoral exposure classification was based on sectoral risk and teleworkability indicators. Furthermore, input-output tables are used to analyze the interregional economic linkages based on economic activities in terms of sectoral exposure. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to explore the topic in Indonesia. Research Methods: The data used are a cross-section of 34 provinces in 2020. This study uses input-output tables to examine the relationship between sectoral exposure and the economy. In addition, regression analysis is used to examine the effect on the labor market.  Finding/Results: The industry categorized as having medium-high sectoral exposure is the key sector in Indonesia because the forward and backward linkage has a value of more than 1. It means medium-high sectoral exposure greatly affects other industries' input and output. According to the OLS result, sectoral exposure significantly impacts short-time workers and the unemployment rate. Conclusion: This study implies that sectoral exposure to COVID-19 was significant for Indonesia's economic and labor market.
The Relationship of Trust, Knowledge Transfer and the Person-Job and Person-Organization Fit as Moderating Effects
Authors: Wuryaningrat Nikolas Fajar , Paulus Ardianus Laurens , Rantung Danny I. , Mandagi Deske W.
Published: May 2024

Introduction/Main Objectives: The study aims to assess the relationship between trust and knowledge transfer with PJ-fit and PO-fit as moderating variables. Background Problems: There are two divergent perspectives on knowledge transfer, and trust has been posited as a potential unifying factor that could mitigate these differences. Trust, in many studies, has been regarded as a crucial factor for knowledge transfer, although there is a blurred understanding between trust and distrust. PJ-fit and PO-fit are moderating variables in the relationship between trust and knowledge transfer. Novelty: Most PJ-fit and PO-fit studies discuss trust and knowledge transfer. This makes the constructs of PJ-fit and PO-fit, as the moderating variables between trust and knowledge transfer, a novelty in this research. Research Methods: This survey analyzed the employees in companies’ information and technology divisions and collected data from 271 participants. The data was analyzed with PLS-SEM 3.29. Finding/Results: The result revealed that trust significantly impacts knowledge transfer, with the relationship being strengthened by PJ-fit. Conclusion: The optimal fit of knowledge, skills, and abilities is essential in promoting the relationship between trust and knowledge transfer in organizations that require employees who are oriented toward high-tech abilities. Therefore, recruitment based on PJ-fit may be more suitable when looking for an employee with a strong emphasis on expertise.
Comparison of physical and acceptability tests of extra oral suction in rsgm ugm prof. Soedomo
Authors: Sari Dian Permata , Wibowo Danang Sri
Published: May 2024

The spread of COVID-19 through aerosols and droplets occurs during dental treatment. Dentists use high-volume suction (HVS) and saliva ejectors to suction saliva, blood, and water from the oral cavity. Since the pandemic, prototyping, production, and use of extraoral suction (EOS) have increased. EOS comprises HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air), plasma ions, and ultraviolet (UV) filters. This study was used to see the effectiveness of the use of EOS through a comparison of physical and acceptability tests on the use of EOS at UGM Prof. Sodeomo Dental Hospital using three EOS brands, Coxo™, Eighteeth™ Vacstation, and Eostra™. Physical Test is used to assess the ability of a tool when used—Acceptability Test to assess user acceptance of EOS based on usage experience. The study was conducted at the UGM Prof. Soedomo Hospital (Professional Education Clinic, Resident Education Clinic, General Service Unit, and Specialistic Service Unit) in 2021 with 90 respondents who were EOS users. The EOS with the most incredible suction power, noise figure, and electrical power was Eostra™, while based on user experience, the EOS that was more accepted and more comfortable for users to use was Coxo™. EOS reduces aerosol exposure during dental treatment, and based on this study, EOS that had good capacity was not necessarily comfortable to use by users; this was because each brand had advantages and disadvantages, so the selection of EOS was adjusted to the capacity of the operator and the practice site.
The Construction of Harbin’s Image in Chinese and Western Media: A Corpus-Based Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Yan Jingyi
Published: May 2024

With the development of the ice and snow economy, Harbin has received great attention in domestic and international economic cooperation and cultural exchange. This paper conducts a corpus-based critical discourse analysis over the characteristics of Chinese and Western English media reports on Harbin, aiming to quantitatively and qualitatively study the discourse construction of Harbin’s city image. The results show that firstly, Harbin is mainly presented as “the city of ice and snow” in both media. Secondly, while domestic media focus more on shaping Harbin’s city image around tourism with the purpose of driving economic development, the focus of foreign media is more diverse and comprehensive. Thirdly, limitations exist in both media and need to be reduced.
Ophthalmic Ointment & Formulation: A Review
Authors: Kumar Nitish , Kumar Rajesh , Malhotra Meenakshi , Singh Ajeet Pal , Singh Amar Pal , Rani Ritu
Published: May 2024

Using ointments as an eye drug delivery system gives topical therapy a significant new aspect. Ointments are a great way to increase ocular contact duration and are generally safe and well-tolerated. Increased contact time results in higher drug levels in the eyes. Experimental evidence, however, suggests that corticosteroid ointments do not enter the eye as deeply as suspension solutions do. This could be related to both the specific steroid component and the drug's binding to the ointment base. Ointments can get contaminated, just like other ophthalmic preparations. It is not recommended to apply ophthalmic ointments to eyes that have open sores. It seems safe and effective to apply ointments to postoperative eyes where wound closure is secure.
Valuable Harmful Dysfunctions
Authors: Ballesteros Virginia , Batalla Ana L.
Published: May 2024

This paper addresses the Harmful Dysfunction Analysis of mental disorder. We argue that some mental conditions meet both of its criteria —the dysfunction criterion and the harm criterion— and yet should not count as mental disorders because of their value. We contend that the harm criterion, by taking harm as a proxy for disvalue, is an inadequate normative criterion in these cases. Therefore, further ethical considerations should be included as a normative criterion. To illustrate our view, we draw on the experience and reflections of Jean Améry, a philosopher and Holocaust survivor who resisted the diagnosis of KZ-Syndrom.
Appearance Anxiety and Loneliness among Young Adults
Authors: Vincent Arshia
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This study aims to investigate the connection between young adults' feelings of loneliness and appearance anxiety . It also examines whether there is a gender difference in males and females when it comes to appearance anxiety and feeling of loneliness. However, there is an evident lack of relevant data in the Indian context. This is a quantitative study administered in 150 participants. Convenient sampling method was used to collect data. The participants for the current study were 72 males and 78 females of age between 18 to 25. Appearance anxiety was measured using the 10 item scale, the appearance anxiety inventory. Loneliness was measured using UCLA loneliness scale which has 20 items. The findings indicated a connection between young individuals' feelings of loneliness and appearance anxiety. Additionally, it demonstrates that there is no gender difference in loneliness and appearance anxiety in men and women.
Formulation, Optimization and Evaluation of Solid Dispersion of Deferasirox Using Factorial Design
Authors: Talla Shruti , Wadher Kamlesh , Umekar Milind , Lohiya R. T.
Published: May 2024

Deferasirox, an oral iron-chelating agent, is a poorly soluble drug (Biopharmaceutical Classification System class II) having insufficient solubility in physiological fluids resulting in low bioavailability of the drug. The idea behind the present study was to explore the prospects of solid dispersion as a prolific method to enhance the dissolution rate of drug using a water soluble polymer. The solid dispersion was prepared by the solvent evaporation technique using Polyvinyl pyrrolidone with different drug to carrier and solvent ratio. Formulations were characterized through attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and in vitro release studies. A 32 factorial design was implemented to obtain optimum solubility, % yield, and optimization of solid dispersion (SD) also quantitates the influence of PVP on the solubility and dissolution profile. Thedrug-to-carrier and solvent ratio was chosen as independent variable, while %yield, drug content, and saturation solubility were chosen as dependent variables. The results showed that the optimized formulation of SD-DFX was able to significantly enhance its solubility. The SD containing a dispersion of Deferasirox with PVP show an exceptional rise in the solubility. This study describes the development of solid dispersion that significantly improved the solubility and bioavailability of DFX. The FTIR studies indicate the interaction between the drug and polymer. The DSC and XRD analysis indicated that the drug was in an amorphous state when dispersed in the polymer. It is resolved that the SD method significantly improves the solubility and dissolution rate, which could also be exploit for other poorly water soluble drug candidates.
Keywords: Deferasirox , Polyvinyl pyrrolidone, solid dispersion, Factorial design, Solubility
Ziabetus (Prediabetes): A Harbinger of Critical Stage in the Continuum of Glucose Metabolism Disorder: A Review
Authors: Afzal Rafat , Sultana Asia , Shoaib Mohammad , Ashraf Hamid
Published: May 2024

Background: Prediabetes is a metabolic condition characterized by blood glucose levels higher than normal but below the threshold for diabetes mellitus. It represents a critical stage in the progression towards type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and other complications. The two major pathophysiologic defects responsible for losing glucose tolerance are insulin resistance and β-cell glucose insensitivity, both appearing in subjects of Intermediate Hyperglycaemia. In classical literature, Unani physicians have described the initial symptoms and factors leading to the pathology, the risk factors are described in terms of ‘Su-e-mizaj’ as per the concept of Tibb. So, it is considered in the context of Ziabetus which is described as a disease that develops due to Sue-mizaj haar (abnormal hot temperament). The symptoms mentioned in Unani medicine are increased frequency of micturition (ants and flies are attracted to urine), increased thirst, nocturia, dryness of mouth and whole body, fatigue, loss of weight, malaise, and cramps in lower extremities. The modern drug-based approach for the management of Intermediate Hyperglycaemia is associated with inherent drawbacks, including toxicity, tolerability, cost, and efficacy. Objective: The purpose of this review is to provide an in-depth understanding of prediabetes concerning the classical literature of Greek medicine based on the analysis of certain parameters like etiopathophysiology, current diagnostic criteria, risk factors, and evidence-based management strategies. By synthesizing findings from epidemiological studies, and clinical trials, this paper aims to enhance understanding of prediabetes and facilitate effective preventive measures and interventions.
Keywords: Prediabetes, Intermediate hyperglycaemia, Impaired Glucose Tolerance, Impaired Fasting Glucose, Insulin Resistance.
Efficacy of majun e khabsul hadeed in iron deficiency anemia in reproductive age group: A randomised control study
Authors: Bushra Iram , Firdose Kouser Fathima , Begum Wajeeha
Published: May 2024

Background and Objectives: Iron deficiency is a condition in which blood lacks adequate healthy red blood cells. Women of child bearing age are at high risk. In India incidence is 74% and prevalence is 30%. The goals of treatment are to restore changes in hemoglobin levels, red cell indices and peripheral smear. Aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of majune khabsul hadeed in iron deficiency anemia in women of reproductive age group.
Methods: A randomised standard controlled study, 60 patients were randomly allocated to test and control groups. Majune khabsul hadeed 5grams in test group and capsule fefol 1 in control group were given once daily for 3months. Subjective parameters viz. pallor, loss of appetite, reduced exercise capacity and fatigue were assessed at every follow up. Red cell indices, as objective parameters were assessed before and after treatment.
Results: Significant changes were observed in subjective parameters with p<0.001 at each assessment in both groups. On intergroup comparison there were no significant difference with p>0.05 except for reduced exercise capacity and fatigue. Objective parameters significantly improved in both groups after treatment with p<0.001. Five (16.7%) and 4(13.3%) patients were among responders, 10(33.3%) and 14(46.7%) partial responders and 13(43.3%) and 12(36.7%) non responders to treatment in test and control groups respectively. On intergroup comparison, there was no significant difference with p >0.05 suggesting that both groups had similar effect.
Conclusion: Majune khabsul hadeed is as effective as capsule fefol in the management of iron deficiency anemia in women of reproductive age group.
Keywords: Iron deficiency anemia; majune khabsul hadeed; women of reproductive age; RBC indices.
Review on Moringa oleifera Plant
Authors: Sharma Shubham , Rani Ritu , Singh Ajeet Pal , Singh Amar Pal
Published: May 2024

The most extensively grown species of the monogeneric, Moringaceae family, which is native to south Asia, is Moringa oleifera, sometimes known as "The Miracle Tree." The medium-sized agroforestry tree Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae) is native to south Asia but has now naturalized in many other nations. Moringa is also thought to be a treatment for malnutrition. It has several pharmacological characteristics, including antioxidant, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer effects. It was discovered that every portion of the plant contains bioactive components. To far, over a hundred chemicals, comprising alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, vitamins, glycosides, and terpenes, have been identified from various sections of Moringa oleifera. These leaves have been used for many years in traditional medicine to treat a wide range of illnesses. These leaves have the potential to avert the plague of starvation and associated illnesses due to their potent nutritional content. In this article, we will keep an eye on Moringa Oleifera Plant overview.
Keywords: Moringa Oleifera plant, Miracle Tree, Herb, Drumstick, Herbal Medicine
Chemotherapeutic Agents in Periodontics: A Review
Authors: Gupta Vasudha , Ahmed Sameer , Kaushik Mayur , Saleem Mehvish
Published: May 2024

"Selman Waksman" first used the term "antibiotic" in 1942 to refer to any material produced by a bacterium that inhibits the growth of other micro-organisms in high dilution. The pathogenic bacteria, the patient, and the medication are the three main components of the antibiotic periodontal therapy idea. Patients with attachment loss or with aggressive types of periodontitis or those with periodontitis linked with underlying medical conditions are the best candidates for systemic antimicrobial therapy. The three main objectives of Periodontal Therapy are disrupting biofilms, suppressing potential periodontal pathogens throughout the entire oral cavity, and halting the illness. The microbial etiology of inflammatory periodontal disease provides the rationale for the use of antibiotic medication in periodontal therapy. This idea is predicated on the idea that a certain bacterium causes destructive periodontal disease and that antibiotic agents can be present in humans in doses greater than those required to kill or inhibit infections.
Keywords: Antibiotics, Systemic drug delivery, Local drug delivery, Periodontal therapy.
Inteligencia artificial como estrategia para gestionar los procesos de auditoría financiera
Authors: De La Hoz Suárez Betty Auxiliadora , Luna Moran Ismael felipe , Manjarres Tete Arleth Esther , De La Hoz Suárez Aminta Isabel
Published: May 2024

Introducción: la auditoría financiera ha experimentado transformaciones importantes gracias a la adopción de nuevas tecnologías, entre las que se destaca la inteligencia artificial. Objetivo: Este artículo investiga cómo la inteligencia artificial ayuda a la gestión de los procesos que se llevan a cabo durante la elaboración de una auditoría financiera. Metodología: Se realiza un estudio descriptivo de la información encontrada en libros y artículos científicos sobre auditoría financiera y nuevas tecnologías. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que la inteligencia artificial ha tenido especial impacto en el análisis de grandes volumenes de datos, pudiendo ser procesados y analizados en un período de tiempo corto. También se está utilizando la inteligencia artificial en la auditoría para evaluar riesgos, para automatizar tareas de revisión manuales, tediosas y repetitivas; y para detectar fraudes. Conclusiones: Se concluye que, la inteligencia artificial está realizando tareas de auditoría que requerían anteriormente la intervención del humano, y que hoy hace que el proceso sea menos complejo, más eficiente y preciso; con ahorro de dinero, esfuerzo y tiempo. Aún así, la inteligencia artificial no puede sustituir por completo al ser humano ni su escepticismo profesional.
The impact of social capital on the public general education governance
Authors: Nguyen Hong Linh , Duong Tri Dung , Nguyen Thi Minh Phuong , Nguyen Trung Hieu , Bui Van Hien , Nguyen Ba Thanh
Published: May 2024

Scientists from a variety of disciplines have recognized social capital as a valuable resource in Vietnam since the early 2000s; nevertheless, this kind of capital can only exist when it is observable and the benefits of social capital can be quantified (Uphoff & Wijayaratna, 2000). As seen by the poor engagement in social activities and social media networks, social capital is actually very restricted in Vietnam’s state general education schools. This makes it difficult to raise the standard of instruction and learning objectives. This study aims to investigate the influence of social capital on the advancement of public general education. By analyzing the structural equation model (SEM), the study’s survey method uses a questionnaire with a scale of 488 teachers and employees in public general education. As shown in the result, social capital impacts not only directly and positively but also indirectly on the development of public general education through intermediary factors such as in-school knowledge transfer, school brand, and training service quality. The study makes several recommendations to increase social capital in order to set the groundwork for the growth of public general education in Vietnamese schools, based on these findings.
Critical landscape drivers of the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversityof birds in Lincang Boshang Airport
Authors: Liu Peng , Li Jia , Zhang Jiansong , Duan Yubao
Published: May 2024

Studies of the utilization of different landscape types by bird
communities can provide insights into the relationship between landscape
types and bird strike risks, which is important for preventing bird
strikes at airports. In this study, we conducted a survey of bird
communities in four different landscapes (urban area, farmland,
woodland, and water) using the line transect sampling method in and
around Lincang Boshang Airport in Yunnan Province, China, from October
2019 to July 2020. We surveyed a total of 17 transects. We used bird
species diversity indices including species richness, Shannon-Wiener
diversity index, Simpson diversity index, and evenness index to
characterize the species diversity of bird communities. We also used
estimates of functional and phylogenetic diversity to elucidate
differences in bird community diversity among the four landscapes during
the four seasons. We also calculated the phylogenetic distance, mean
pairwise distance, and mean nearest taxon distance to characterize the
phylogenetic structure of bird communities, explore mechanisms of
community assembly, and quantify correlations among different diversity
indices. A total of 151 wild bird species belonging to 52 families and
15 orders were recorded in this study. Significant differences were
observed in both phylogenetic and functional diversity among the
different landscapes; functional richness was highest for woodland and
lowest for water. The phylogenetic distance was highest in woodland and
lowest in the urban area. Standardized effect size analysis indicated
that the assembly of bird communities in the four landscapes (farmland,
urban area, woodland, and water) was primarily affected by landscape
filtering. Our findings suggest that understanding the diversity of bird
communities and their relationships with landscape factors can aid the
management of bird communities around airports and environmental
governance.
Navigating breast cancer complexity: Deciphering the cross talk of Wnt/β catenin and Notch pathways in development and diseases
Authors: Rasool Iqra , Bhat Aashiq Hussain , Khurshid Nuzhat , Andrabi Ishfa , Qadir Quratul , Ganie Showkat Ahmad
Published: May 2024

This study investigates miRNA impact on lung, colorectal, and epithelial
cancers, emphasizing Wnt3’s role in breast tumor growth through WNT
signaling and its influence on mammary stem cells. WNT pathway
inactivation induces drug-insensitive, quiescent states in breast cancer
stem cells, resulting in resistance to multiple drugs.
Tamoxifen-resistant breast carcinoma cells activate both canonical and
noncanonical WNT signaling, with Wnt3a enhancing tamoxifen resistance in
ER+ carcinoma cells. The study also explores breast cancer
immunotherapy, highlighting immune checkpoint blockade targeting
PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 as promising avenues. Additionally, the study
explores the NOTCH signaling pathways impact on cancer proliferation,
apoptosis, invasion and metastasis. Elevated NOTCH receptor and ligand
expression particularly in aggressive triple negative breast cancer
correlate with poorer treatment outcome, serving as a predictor for
adverse results in breast tumors. The review discusses the relevance of
Notch signaling in therapy resistance and breast cancer recurrence. The
article encapsulates therapeutic advancements targeting the Notch
signaling pathway, weighing merits and demerits in the context of breast
cancer treatment. Our study provides a comprehensive understanding of
the complex interactions within the WNT and Notch signaling pathways in
breast cancer, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets and
strategies for personalized treatment. This research significantly
contributes to the current body of knowledge, offering promise for
improved outcomes in breast cancer patients. The findings underscore the
importance of WNT and Notch signaling modulation in developing effective
therapeutic interventions for breast cancer.
Dietary niche variation in an invasive omnivore: the effects of habitat and anthropogenic inputs on feral pig (Sus scrofa) resource use
Authors: Peyton Michael , Kinney Kealohanuiopuna , Knox Sarah , Tredinnick Grace , Hotchkiss Sara
Published: May 2024

Invasive omnivores may have profound impacts on ecological communities
through diet selection, particularly when their functional roles differ
from those in their native range. While the threat of feral pigs (Sus
scrofa) to native plant communities in Hawai‘i are well known, their
trophic dynamics and the drivers of variation in their diet remain
understudied. We investigated the feral pig dietary niche on Hawai‘i
Island using stable isotopes (13C and 15N) and Bayesian mixing models to
identify drivers of variation in resource use. We also chronologically
reconstructed diets for six subsampled individuals to understand
temporal variation in resource use and individual diet specialization.
Our results revealed feral pigs on Hawai‘i Island exhibit a broad
dietary niche characterized by diverse diets, with substantial overlap
in resource use across districts and habitats. Differences in dietary
composition in the transition from forest to open habitat were driven
primarily by an increasing reliance on human food subsidies in
conjunction with a decreasing reliance on invertebrates, which may be
partially driven by protein constraints on dietary composition. Pigs in
forested areas largely displayed generalist feeding strategies, while
those in open habitat tended to specialize, particularly on human food
resources. Diets for chronologically subsampled individuals varied
little, suggesting feral pig resource-use strategies in Hawai‘i tend to
be stable through time. Individual niche-width was relatively narrow
compared to that of feral pigs in Hawai‘i at large, indicating the
relatively wide feral pig dietary niche is characterized by substantial
intraspecific diet specialization, likely as a result of strong
intraspecific competition. Understanding the drivers of feral pig
resource use is crucial for informing management strategies aimed at
mitigating their ecological impacts in imperiled systems like Hawai‘i.
Recurrent thymic carcinoma treated with anterior median thoracotomy, innominate vein replacement for superior vena cava, and iodide implantation: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Chen zhong zheng , Qu Wen-dong , zhang Xingshu , Song Yongxiang
Published: May 2024

Thymic neuroendocrine tumors are rare malignant tumors with
neuroendocrine functions located in the anterior mediastinum thymic
region. They exhibit a high degree of malignancy and can early invade
surrounding fat,pericardium, pleura, major blood vessels, and
lungs,posing a significant risk of recurrence.Here, we report a case of
recurrent thymic cancer treated with complete surgical resection,
replacement of the innominate vein, superior vena cava formation, and
iodine ion insertion.A 51-year-old male diagnosed with stage lllA
malignant thymoma in November 2021, accompanied by lymph node
metastasis,involving the peripheral left lung.The patient underwent six
cycles of adjuvant immunotherapy with pembrolizumab and cisplatin plus
etoposide, along with one course of radiotherapy
postoperatively.Subsequently, the patient received regular immunotherapy
and follow-up at our hospital. In October 2023,chest CT revealed tumor
recurrence, with infiltration into the pericardium, bilateral innominate
veins, superior vena cava, and brachiocephalic artery.Subsequently, the
patient underwent a midline thoracotomy for extensive resection of
recurrent thymic tumor,enlargement of pericardial resection, left
innominate vein-to-right atrial artificial grafting,superior vena cava
formation,and iodine-125radioisotope brachytherapy.Aggressive surgical
intervention combined with adjuvant therapy is an essential treatment
modality for locally advanced thymic cancer involving the superior vena
cava and surrounding blood vessels.