bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trastornos depresivos y ansiosos en población con discapacidad intelectual
Authors:   Universidad de Antioquia, Escamilla-Soto Maria Carmenza , Montoya-Rojas Yully Alejandra ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Quintero-Cadavid Claudia Patricia ,   Universidad de Antioquia, García-Valencia Jenny ,   Universidad de Antioquia
Published: May 2024

La discapacidad intelectual (DI) comprende las limitaciones de las funciones intelectuales y adaptativas que permiten el desarrollo social, familiar y laboral de un individuo; en Latinoamérica se estima que la prevalencia es cuatro veces mayor que en el resto del mundo, con cifras que van del 4% al 16%. En este artículo se hizo una revisión de la literatura acerca de la prevalencia, el comportamiento, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de trastornos de ansiedad y depresión en personas con DI, teniendo en cuenta las consecuencias psicosociales y en salud global que estas acarrean. En esta población es de suma importancia el conocimiento de la diversidad en las manifestaciones de los trastornos mentales, ya que su presentación podría variar con relación a la población general. Por esto, contamos con escalas y entrevistas clínicas que junto con el juicio clínico orientarán el manejo médico. Los tratamientos dirigidos a pacientes con DI y trastornos ansiosos o depresivos no difieren de los recomendados en población general, puesto que el uso de medicamentos estará dirigido a tratar la comorbilidad existente sin impacto en el coeficiente intelectual o la funcionalidad diaria, sin embargo, faltan estudios específicos en este grupo poblacional.
An Empirical Analysis of Brand Loyalty and Marketing Strategies in the FMCG Sector of China
Authors: Shuwu Yao
Published: May 2024

This study examines the complex connection involving brand loyalty and marketing strategies in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) industry, with a focus on the importance of innovative marketing techniques in fostering consumer loyalty. The study utilizes a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative data from consumer surveys with qualitative insights from industry expert interviews. This methodology allows for a full analysis of current marketing trends and their effectiveness. The study initially examines crucial determinants that impact brand loyalty in the FMCG industry, encompassing product quality, pricing, customer service, & brand perception. The text analyzes the effects of several marketing methods, such as digital marketing, personalized communication, and environmentally friendly initiatives, on key factors that influence customer loyalty. The investigation indicates that digital marketing & personalization are strong indicators of brand loyalty, illustrating a change in customer preferences towards firms that provide more customized and captivating experiences. The study examines the difficulties encountered by FMCG companies in efficiently implementing these tactics, including the need to strike a balance between cost and effectiveness, handling both online and offline channels, including aligning marketing strategies with the swiftly evolving customer expectations. The paper provides strategic advice for FMCG companies seeking to improve brand loyalty. It suggests that adopting customer-centric & adaptive marketing tactics is essential for long-term success in the competitive FMCG industry. This research enhances the comprehension of the complex relationship between brand loyalty and marketing in the FMCG sector by presenting factual facts and strategic insights. It provides essential information for both academic studies and practical implementation.
Ensuring Security in the Age of Intelligent Connectivity: Strategic Insights for 6G Networks
Authors: Roberts Charlotte , Yerram Sridhar Reddy
Published: May 2024

The emergence of intelligent connection and 6G networks promises opportunities for advancement and creativity but poses serious cybersecurity risks. This paper offers tactical perspectives on protecting 6G networks in the face of intelligent connectivity's intricacies. The primary goals are to recognize new threats, evaluate strategic approaches to cyber resilience, investigate security solution innovations, and look at global cooperation and regulatory frameworks. The study's methodology involves synthesizing existing literature and scholarly works through secondary data analysis. Key conclusions highlight the changing nature of the threat landscape, the significance of cyber resilience, innovation's role in security solutions, and the need for robust regulatory frameworks and international cooperation. The consequences of policy highlight the necessity of adaptable regulatory frameworks, resource allocation for cybersecurity, and ongoing threat landscape modification. This research provides insightful information to help stakeholders in academia, business, and government negotiate the difficulties of maintaining security in the era of intelligent connection and 6G networks.
Altered serum levels of neuronal proteins and antibodies to them in occupational diseases of the nervous system
Authors: Bodienkova G.M. , Boklazhenko E.V.
Published: May 2024

Aclinical and immunological examination of men with occupational pathology, including vibration disease (VD), occupational sensorineural hearing loss (SHL), and chronic mercury intoxication (CMI), was carried out. The comparison group consisted of men comparable in age and total work experience. Serum concentrations of neurotrophins (S100β, MBP, BDNF) and antibodies (ABs) to S100β and MBP proteins were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. An increase in the level of the S100β protein was shown in CMI, VD, and a tendency for its increase was found in SHL. In parallel, an increase in AB to the S100β protein in VD and SHL and a decrease in AB in CMI were noted. A comparative assessment of MBP levels indicated a pronounced increase in its serum concentrations in patients with CMI and VD versus the comparison group. At the same time, an increase in the level of serum ABs to MBP in individuals with VD and SHL, and a decrease in patients with CMI were noted. In patients with CMI, a significant decrease in the BDNF concentration was found, while in SHL and VD, no statistically significant differences were found in comparison with the comparison group. The results obtained confirm importance of assessing serum concentrations of neurotrophic proteins and ABs to them in the case of occupational damage to the nervous system caused by exposure to physical and chemical factors.
Severe malaria in adolescents in the post-COVID-19 era, at the university hospital of Libreville
Authors: Mintoo Steeve , Loembe Fifi C. , Mpira Sylvie , Koko Jean , Ategbo Simon J.
Published: May 2024

Background: Malaria is a parasitic, life-threatening, vector-borne disease that is a significant public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. The disorganization of health systems characterized the COVID-19 pandemic period. We aimed to assess the impact of these induced changes on adolescent malaria.
Methods: We conducted a longitudinal study during the 2021 year in our pediatric ward. We enrolled all patients treated for malaria based on a positive thick smear and rapid diagnostic test for malaria. We noted the age, the delay to consultation, the signs at admission, the haemogram test, the parasites count, and the duration of stay.
Results: Of 1734 inpatients, 689 (39.7% (95% CI [37.4%-42%]) were for malaria, including 128 adolescents. We rated 417 (24.3%; 95% CI [22.3%-26.3%]) cases of severe malaria, including 94 (73.4%; 95% IC [65.8-81.1%]) adolescents. The median delay to consultation for adolescents was 2 days vs children 3 days p=0.004. Admission signs were leads by fever (98%), prostration (38%) and pallor (32%). The median length of hospital stay for adolescents was 3 days vs children 4 days (p=0.0263). Adolescent status was associated with more severe forms (OR=2.04 95% CI [1.33-3.13]) and more cerebral forms (OR=3.8 95% CI [2.6-5.6]).
Conclusions: The post-COVID-19 era was marked by a higher incidence of malaria and severe forms in adolescents, primarily cerebral malaria. Due to potential sequelae, they need a follow-up to estimate the real aftermaths of the pandemic on the children population.
TEORIA GERAL DOS CAMPOS E A SUA APLICABILIDADE AOS ESTUDOS REGIONAIS
Authors: Zanela Mendes Larissa , Mueller Airton Adelar
Published: May 2024

A Teoria Geral dos Campos de Pierre Bourdieu aborda sobre a diversidade dos elementos que constroem a sociedade, que vai desde as percepções sobre as relações de poder entre os sujeitos, até o estudo dos fenômenos que ocorrem dentro de um contexto histórico. Apesar de Bourdieu não estudar especificamente o contexto regional, há uma ligação entre esses assuntos quanto aos processos de desenvolvimento das regiões e suas assimetrias. Sabendo da ausência de material científico correlacionando tais temas, buscamos expor nesse artigo questões acerca da Teoria Geral dos Campos além da mobilidade social e a espacial por meio de uma discussão teórica, para que a mesma possa ser utilizada futuramente no âmbito dos estudos regionais em pesquisas empíricas.
Serendipity in psychotropic drugs: Unearthing the origins
Authors: Imran Mehreen , Semira
Published: May 2024

This is a dive into the history of several groundbreaking psychiatric drugs and their discoveries.

The article begins by exploring the curious origin of the word “serendipity” following Horace Walpole’s encounter with a fairytale. This captivating emergence of “serendipity” is followed by an account of lithium discovered in 1817. About a century and a half later, lithium would receive FDA approval, becoming a cornerstone in the treatment of mania.

The narrative meanders to other drugs that have a similar thread of serendipity woven into their beginnings— chlordiazepoxide, meprobamate, chlorpromazine, finally halting at iproniazid, an anti-tubercular agent that unexpectedly revealed its mood-enhancing potential and paved the way for the development of monoamine oxidase inhibitors as antidepressants.

The authors navigate through the intricacies of chance and discovery that have influenced the trajectory of psychiatric drug development, leading to unexpected breakthroughs that have forever left their mark on the undeniably vast landscape that is mental health.
Spin polarization resonant tunneling with dresselhaus and rashba spin- orbit coupling in the presence of - hydrostatic pressure and the magnetic field
Authors: Zúñiga J. A. , Pérez-Merchancano S. T. , Paredes Gutiérrez H.
Published: May 2024

Whereas electron transport through spin polarization has a high potential for applications of electronic devices, emaking relevant the study of the physical effects inherent to the spin; are shown with this work theoretical results which allow investigations done about possible optimal heterostructures for spin filter manufacturing. The spin polarization is analyzed using the resonant tunneling on a double potentíal barrier considering the se- miconductor heterostructure of GaAs/Ga, Al,As/GaAs. The physical-mathematical model presented includes the interaction of coupling of the spin type: k3-Dresselhaus and Rashba in the barriers, Rashba before and afier them and Dresselbaus in the well. In addition all the heterostructure is subjected to a constant magnetic field and hydrostatic pressure (PH); because of these additional effects, the model also considers the g factor of Landé as function of the PH. The estimates obtained for the spin polarization is in function of the energy applied to the electron, the magnetic field and fixed PH.
Study of optical properties birefringent of hema - DR13
Authors: Mercado Gutiérrez Emmanuel , Maestre Molinares Cesar , Valbuena Duarte Sonia , Racedo Niebles Francisco
Published: May 2024

The following paper is a detailed study of the optical properties of HEMA-DRI3 from optical birefringence can be induced azopolymeric material. Based on the method of two-photon absorption, anisotropy is generated due to the reorientation of the chromophores in the sample of HEMA-DR13. Using allow-power laser He-Ne, and a laser Nd-YAG medium power, it was possible to implement an optical system which allows observing the subsequent quantification of photoinduced bireftingence in said material. Subsequently comparing the results obtained with different theoretical models, thereby determining the characteristic times (time of excitation and relaxation time) of HEMA-DR13. Additionally, a study of the response signal based on the excitation power and the temperature of the material being able to obtain the relationship between this variables and the intensity of bircfringence.
Electrochemical Studies of The Corrosion Resistance of Bismuth Titanate Thin Films Deposited by RF Sputtering
Authors: Pinzón Cárdenas Manuel Jonathan , Olaya Florez*, Jhon Jairo , Alfonso Orjuelaº José Edgar
Published: May 2024

Thin films of bismuth titanate were grown on stainless steel (316L) and titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) substrates using the magnetron sputtering technique. The surface morphology of these films was observed with a scanning electron micrograph (SEM). The electrochemical studies used to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the substrate-coating set were the potentiodynamic polarization (Tafel) tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), both done in a solution of NaCl (3%) as an electrolyte. The SEM showed that the morphology of the coatings grown on a titanium alloy Ti6Al4V substrate was generally homogeneous with a smooth surface but with unmelted material in some regions, while the morphology of the thin films grown on stainless steel 316L was mainly granular, with the presence of a few holes or craters. The potentiodynamic polarization curves showed that the corrosion resistance of the coated samples was better than that of the bare substrate because the corrosion current obtained from the coated samples was lower by two orders of magnitude than that exhibited by the uncoated substrates, and in addition, the corrosion potential of the coated samples was greater than that of the bare substrate. The EIS test showed the presence of a passive thin film of titanium oxide on the titanium alloy substrate.
Determination of the Kinetic Parameters of Thermoluminescent Glow Curves of Sintered Al2O3 Pills by Three Points Method
Authors: Pérez Díaz Mara Edith , Gutiérrez Flórez Ornar Darío
Published: May 2024

The three points analysis method, proposed by Rasheedy, was applied to separate a complex thermoluminescence (TL) glow curve into its individual components and determine, for each component, the kinetic parameters. These are the order of kinetics b, the activation energy E (eV), and the pre-exponential factor S'' (s^-1) associated with the TL glow peaks in sintered pure Al2O3 pills in response to gamma irradiation. The three points analysis method indicated that the glow curve of this material is the superposition of three general-order components, in which the recombination processes predominate over retrapping processes.
The solution of the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann equation using lattice-Boltzmann
Authors: Fonseca Fonseca Frank Rodolfo
Published: May 2024

In this paper we present the solution of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation using the Lattice-Boltzmann method. In order to obtain the solution, we use a redefinition of tensor n°, which is declared as a symmetric tensor whose diagonal components are chosen as the second derivative in time of the first moment of the distribution function, and the components outside of the diagonal give account of the nonlinear terms. The results are presented in two dimensions employing the D2Q9 lattice velocity scheme. We obtain results for the scalar field and its gradient for several kinds of initial conditions.
Análisis de indicadores ambientales en registros sedimentarios recientes de reservorios en México central
Authors: Manjarrez-Rangel Cinthya Soledad , Halac Silvana Raquel , Piovano Eduardo Luis , Del Rincón Castro María Cristina , Miranda Avilés Raúl , Zanor Gabriela Ana
Published: May 2024

Con el objetivo de analizar y comparar los cambios en la dinámica ambiental en la Laguna de Yuriria (LY) y la presa La Esperanza (PLE) se extrajeron núcleos sedimentarios cortos y se efectuó un análisis multi-indicador junto con el cálculo de índices geoquímicos. Las concentraciones de los elementos traza se compararon con los lineamientos internacionales de calidad de sedimentos para la protección de la vida acuática. Los sedimentos correspondientes a las últimas décadas de la LY indicaron un incremento progresivo en la productividad primaria, evidenciado por los contenidos elevados de carbono orgánico total (COT), derivados de clorofila (DC), carotenoides totales (CT) y fósforo total (PT), relacionado probablemente al aumento de urbanización, descargas de aguas residuales y actividades agrícolas. La zona oeste de la LY presentó valores más elevados de CT indicando un aporte de vegetación acuática vascular (lirio acuático). En cambio, la zona norte y este de la LY mostró valores más altos de DC evidenciando una productividad primaria alta, asociada a florecimientos algales. Una correlación positiva entre COT y CIT (carbono inorgánico total) en los registros de la LY sugiere la precipitación bioinducida de carbonatos. El As mostró concentraciones elevadas en los sedimentos de la LY, lo cual podría ser atribuído al uso de agroquímicos en la región, con posibles efectos adversos para la biota acuática. Por otra parte, la correlación positiva entre COT y PT en los sedimentos de la PLE evidenciaron un aporte de materia orgánica exógena que podría asociarse a la deforestación en la cuenca hidrológica. Se demostró una contaminación por Cr y Zn en la PLE, los cuales serían probablemente aportados por fuentes geogénicas, mientras que el Cu y el As tendrían un probable origen antropogénico (minería). El Cu, el Cr, el As y el Pb revelaron posibles efectos adversos para la biota acuática. Este estudio permitió evaluar el estado de los procesos de contaminación en ambos reservorios y demostró que las secuencias sedimentarias son herramientas útiles para estudiar la dinámica ambiental a nivel espacial y vertical, lo que puede utilizarse para mejorar la gestión y cogestión de los reservorios.
Código Estratigráfico Norteamericano
Authors: Núñez-Useche Fernando , Bernal Rodríguez Luis Ramón , Castro Mora Marianto , López-Doncel Rubén Alfonso , López- Palomino Isabel , Mesa Valeria , Ramos Collorana Wilfredo
Published: May 2024

La versión en español del 2024 del Código Estratigráfico Norteamericano es una versión revisada y modificada de la versión en español del 2010 que fue traducida por Ricardo Barragán, Emiliano Campos-Madrigal, Ismael Ferrusquía-Villafranca, Isabel López-Palomino y Gustavo Tolson. En esta nueva versión se realizaron ligeros cambios a la redacción de varios artículos, para hacerlos más fiel a su versión en inglés; se hicieron adecuaciones ortográficas conforme a las reglas más recientes de la Real Academia Española, y se adicionaron las modificaciones realizadas a los artículos 13, 25, 26, 27, 37, 73, 81, 82, y a la Tabla 2. Al apéndice I se agregaron los nombres de representantes de diferentes organizaciones y sociedades de Centro y Sudamérica y el Caribe que participan en la Comisión Norteamericana de Nomenclatura Estratigráfica. Esta revisión fue realizada por un grupo de expertos que incluyó participantes de México y otros países de Latinoamérica. Se agradece la labor de Julián Leonardo Mesa Rojas y Hermes Martín García Rodríguez, quienes realizaron la primera comparación entre el código en español de 2010 y el código en inglés de 2021.
Biostratigraphy and facies around the D/C boundary interval of the Tuye-Darvar section, Eastern Alborz Range, NE Iran
Authors: Sattari Elaheh , Bahrami Ali , Königshof Peter , Vaziri-Moghaddam Hossein , Taheri Azizollah
Published: May 2024

The 1st order mass extinction at the Devonian/Carboniferous transition, known as the Hangenberg Crisis, is characterized by major transgressive/regressive cycles which led to widespread ocean anoxia during the Hangenberg Black Shale Event, as well as to a global major sea-level fall and the worldwide deposition of regressive Hangenberg Sandstone equivalents. The Devonian/Carboniferous transition at the Tuye-Darvar section in the eastern Alborz Range is studied in terms of conodont biostratigraphy, litho-, microfacies and sequence stratigraphy. In order to examine the biostratigraphical framework, forty conodont samples were systematically taken from the studied interval. Thirty-two conodont species belonging to ten genera led to the discrimination of twelve conodont zones, ranging from the Pseudopolygnathus granulosus Zone to the Scaliognathus anchoralis-Doliognathus latus Zone. Due to facies, the conodont record also exhibits some hiatuses. Field observations and sedimentological and microfacies studies led to the identification of thirteen facies types from sub-tidal environments to the fully marine environments, including seven microfacies types. The sediments deposited in a mixed carbonate-siliciclastic platform, revealed four third-order sequences. The Hangenberg Black Shale is not recorded in the Tuye-Darvar section as a result of depositional facies. In comparison with other studied Devonian/Carboniferous Boundary (DCB) sections of the central and northern Iran, the Tuye-Davar section suggests a tectonic position, which is most likely placed on a separate tectonic block.
Calpionélidos en una sucesión vulcano-sedimentaria en Guanaceví, Durango, occidente de México
Authors: Eguiluz y de Antuñano Samuel , López-Martínez Rafael
Published: May 2024

En Guanaceví, Durango, trabajos previos describen una sucesión vulcano-sedimentaria referida como Complejo Volcánico Inferior. En esta sucesión se reportó Calpionella alpina, Calpionella elliptica y Tintinnopsella carpathica, en estratos de caliza considerados del Berriasiano Medio. La localidad de este hallazgo es imprecisa y no se aportaron pruebas taxonómicas de los microfósiles para constatar su presencia en rocas de esta edad en el occidente de México. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo ofrecer evidencia taxonómica del conjunto fosilífero compuesto por Chitinoidella sp., Crassicollaria sp., Crassicollaria massutinianna, Remaniella sp. y Tintinnopsella carpathica, del Tithoniano tardío y Berriasiano temprano, así mismo, se da la ubicación precisa de las localidades fosilíferas. La presencia del conjunto fosilífero tratado aquí, aunado a reportes previos sobre la existencia relativamente cercana de Crassicollaria massutinianna, extiende la distribución de los calpionélidos, de entorno tetisiano, al margen Pacífico Boreal en el occidente de México. La sucesión estratigráfica en la que se encuentran los fósiles está formada, en la base por conglomerado polimíctico inmaduro, que pasa de forma gradual hacia arenisca, lutita y caliza, con toba y derrames de andesita intercalados. Estas litologías posiblemente representan una transgresión, que pasa de facies continental a litoral marginal y marino profundo, con vulcanismo.
Eurasian bilingual hydronyms nominations with the components "ak/kara"
Authors: Shuriyeva Aislu , Kuzembayeva Gulzhana , Pangereyev Abat , Abisheva Sharapat , Zhetkizgenova Aliya
Published: May 2024

Toponyms, not just geographical names, carry historical, geographical, and linguistic information and provide rich evidence of epochs. The names of places mirror the culture and lifestyle of people related to them and have unique features. Toponymical researches have a long history, however, there are some problems that complicate the interpretation of toponyms. Disputable issues related to the definition of toponyms sources require greater attention from linguistics, and historical and geographical sciences. The present study aims to explore Turkic hydronyms with the components "aq/ak" and "qara/kara" to identify their nomination specificity. The descriptive research design employs the methods of a complex linguistic and etymological analysis. The research data comprises of Turkic hydronyms, naming bodies of water located in the territory of the Eurasian space – Afghanistan, Armenia, Kazakhstan, China, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan. The conducted study demonstrates that the nomination of the hydronyms with the components "aq/ak" and "qara/kara" is not related to the color specifics of the bodies of water. The hydronyms with the component "aq/ak" name the water resources that are mountain snowy waters and originate from glaciers, whereas the component "qara/kara" in Turkic hydronyms indicates the spring origin of waters.
Personal/impersonal and subject/null subject phenomena in the multi-structural languages
Authors: Muryasov Rakhim Z. , Zheltukhina Marina R. , Sergeeva Olga V.
Published: May 2024

The study examines the functional potential of impersonal pronouns in different languages. The aim of this study is to analyze personal/impersonal and subject/null subject phenomena in multi-structural languages. The novelty of the study is to establish the role of the pronoun in personal and impersonal aspects. To achieve the aim of the study, the following methods are used: lexico-grammatical analysis, structural analysis, contrast analysis, and interpretative analysis of artistic and lexicographic texts. The comparative research was based on Russian, English, German, and French lexicographic resources and examples from artistic discourse in Russian, English, German, and French with their translations. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the impersonal pronoun is a homonym for the personal pronoun of the 3rd person unit. In grammatical studies, the impersonal pronoun stands out as an independent category. A unit known in grammar as the 3rd person pronoun (in German es, in English it, in French il, ce) has a broader functional potential than other pronouns. Namely, it can act in the text not only as a substitute for another word but can also indicate syntactic structures of different complexity: from a word to a complex of propositions. The prospect is to study the discursive nature of impersonality in various types of discourse in different linguocultures.
A study on how the Merdeka curriculum promotes multilingualism in Indonesian ELT classrooms
Authors: Halim Abd , Iskandar  , Ansari Andi , Halim Nur Mutmainna
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the teachers’ perspective, the implementation process, and the effects of the Merdeka curriculum on promoting multilingualism in ELT classrooms in Indonesia. This study utilized a qualitative research design, explicitly a case study approach. This study has two samples selected through purposeful sampling by the researchers. The research employs in-depth interviews, field notes, and documentation as its primary instruments. This study demonstrated that adopting the Merdeka curriculum was transformative and empowering, as evidenced by participants’ experiences and prior knowledge. The perception of the Merdeka curriculum implementation was based on various factors such as content, differences, reactions, expectations, advantages, disadvantages, supports, and hindrances. In supporting multilingualism, the process in the school began with the principal’s initiation, followed by training to comprehend the curriculum. Subsequently, each set of materials was developed, and the learning and assessment principles were implemented to achieve the Pancasila student profiles. As a result of this curriculum, teachers have become more flexible and put in more effort to cater to students’ preferences. After that, students exhibit heightened confidence, ingenuity, and engagement in the learning process, so availing themselves of increased opportunities for self-exploration. Through implementing the Merdeka curriculum, the promotion of multilingualism in the classroom has many advantages, including enhancing the well-being of students, encouraging intercultural perspectives within the classroom, and placing value on all languages in the classroom.
The impact of native language utilization on sentence structure and pattern learning
Authors: Alqahtani Fatmah Aboud M.
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effect of utilizing learners' native language in the process of learning sentence structural slots and patterns. The sample consisted of 50 college students enrolled in the first level of an English Translation program. They study linguistic courses to enhance their English proficiency. The study employed two tests: a pre-test conducted after the explanation of sentence structures and patterns, and a post-test conducted after incorporating the use of the students' native language during the explanation process. The findings of the study revealed a significant impact of translation on the overall performance of the students. The utilization of the native language demonstrated a substantial effect on sentences with optional slots and simple slots. However, the effect was comparatively lower for sentences with compound slots. The results suggest that incorporating the learners' native language in the learning process can enhance their understanding and acquisition of sentence structures and patterns. This finding aligns with the notion that utilizing familiar linguistic resources can facilitate comprehension and retention of new language concepts (Omidire and Ayob, 2020). The implications of this study highlight the potential benefits of incorporating translation techniques in language instruction.
Axiological approach as a factor of university curriculum language
Authors: Kuznetsova Irina , Mukhamejanova Gulmira , Tuimebayev Zhanseit , Myrzaliyeva Saltanat , Aldasheva Kamar
Published: May 2024

In the modern educational space, the emphasis is on axiological approaches to the formation of the content of education as the most important aspect of personal development. This priority manifests in including various axiological vocabularies and value systems in the new federal state educational standards. However, despite the dissemination of such content, there is still no clear interpretation of the fundamental category of axiology, which underlies students' spiritual, moral and social development.The article critically examines the axiological principles that determine the organization of spiritual and moral development and education in the theory and practice of primary language education. Despite the abundance of value terminology and the diversity of value systems set out in educational standards, there remains a need for improved approaches to integrating these principles into language teaching. The article argues that adopting an axiological approach is necessary for the humanization of education and preserving national identity, culture and values within the framework of a renewed pedagogical parade. Slovak, Czech and English are also analyzed in the article as a factor of language reflection through the prism of forming a value view of the native language among students, which contributes to the formation of national identity of the individual and involves teaching languages as a national cultural value. The results of a diagnostic set of questions and tasks emphasizing linguistic and cultural aspects are presented. These elements serve to activate information in the student's mind about precedent phenomena, which are one of the manifestations of mentality.
Effective multilingual communication based on English and German business letters
Authors: Radchenko Valeriya , Varlakova Ekaterina , Maevskaya Anna , Borisova Yulia
Published: May 2024

The increasing importance of business communication has been widely discussed in recent years. English and German have become the languages of international communication. The mastering of languages, which are the definite means of communication with the peoples of other countries is getting a greater significance in our modern society. This work aims to study the architectonics of English and German business letters, identify the function of "black" and "white" spaces in business correspondence, and a comparative analysis of English and Russian business letters.
Взаимодействие бизнеса и власти в контексте сохранения культурного наследия
Authors: Каркавина А.А.
Published: May 2024

В России актуализировались задачи формирования и использовании механизмов государственно–частного партнерства при решении важнейших государственных социальных задач. Сфера культуры относится к одной из таких задач. В связи с чем активно начинают поднимать вопрос об использовании механизмов государственно-частного партнерства в данной сфере, данный вопрос становится тематикой круглых столов и конференций. В данной работе нами выделены основные направления в сфере культуры, где возможно активное применение механизмов ГЧП, среди которых особое внимание уделяется такому направлению, как сохранение культурного наследия.
Концептуализм в философии, эстетике, искусстве
Authors: Исаева В.С.
Published: May 2024

В статье выявлены особенности концептуализма как направления современной философии, актуального течения в эстетике и искусствознании. Обосновано, что концептуальное искусство играет важную роль в современном культурном контексте, вызывая рефлексию о смысле и функции искусства в современном обществе.
Русская классика в современной интерпретации
Authors: Харитонова Л.М. , Свинцицкая Т.Ю.
Published: May 2024

В статье рассматриваются проблемы современной интерпретации русской классики, хронологически описываются самые значимые еѐ методы и аспекты. Особое внимание уделяется становлению современных походов к интерпретации литературных произведений. Осуществляется систематизация имеющихся в литературоведении методов и подходов к изучению и интерпретации русской классики, что даѐт возможность по-новому взглянуть на классические творения.
Результаты сравнительной эксплуатации литий–титанатных и свинцово–кислотных аккумуляторных батарей
Authors: Мартынов Д.Д.
Published: May 2024

В статье приведены сведения о результатах сравнительной эксплуатации литийтитанатных и свинцово-кислотных аккумуляторных батарей, применяющихся в качестве стартовых и тяговых батарей, устанавливаемых на пассажирских вагонах в целях определения и подтверждения положительных и отрицательных свойств батарей.
Impact of flood disaster on livelihood of farmers in Rwanda: A case study of Rubavu district (2010-2022)
Authors: Smith Onesimus , Ndokoye Pancras
Published: May 2024

This research investigates the impact of flood disasters on farmers' livelihoods in Rwanda, specifically focusing on Rubavu district. This research employed descriptive and correlational analysis research designs, the study involved 4120 participants, including administrative officials and farmers. The objectives were to assess flood occurrences in Rubavu district from 2010 to 2022, evaluate farmers' livelihoods in selected sectors during this period, and determine the significant relationship between environmental disaster management and farmers' livelihoods. The study revealed substantial flood occurrences in Rubavu district over the specified period, with a high R Square value of 0.755. This suggests that 75.5% of the variance in farmers' livelihoods can be attributed to flood events. The statistical significance of this relationship was confirmed by the F-statistic (F = 277.344, p < 0.001). Farmers' livelihoods were significantly affected by flood disasters, particularly with the standardized coefficient (Beta) for "Crop wash away" being 0.430, and a highly significant p-value (p < 0.001), highlighting the substantial impact of crop losses due to flooding on farmers' economic well-being. This research underscores the urgent need for comprehensive flood disaster management strategies in Rubavu district. Recommendations include strengthening early warning systems, conducting comprehensive flood risk assessments, and implementing monitoring programs to identify vulnerable areas. These insights contribute to the academic discourse on disaster management, risk reduction, and resilience-building, aiming to inform policies and interventions that protect vulnerable communities' economic well-being in the face of environmental challenges.
The questioning man in the novel “Letter book” of Mikhail Shishkin
Authors: Bryukhanova Yulia M.
Published: May 2024

The image of a person who is in a cognitive search and expresses himself in questions and questioning, often finds himself in the center of the writer’s attention. However, a system of theoretical principles for analyzing the phenomenon of questioning has not yet been developed in literary studies. Some works of this kind focus on linguistic or philosophical research. The object of study in this article is Mikhail Shishkin’s novel “Letter Book”, which allows us to demonstrate the methodological principles of revealing the image of the asking man. Based on I.I. Plekhanova’s monograph “Questions and Questioning in lyrical reflection”, we transfer the main methodological stages to the prose text: 1) we distinguish the question as a modality of utterance and questioning as a spiritual intention, 2) we define the functions of questions and questioning, 3) we characterize subject-subject connections in the process of questioning communication. In the novel, questions are actualized in the cognitive function of unsolvable questions, and the search and assertion of meaning is realized differently depending on the subject-subject relations, which are presented in the “Letter Book” not in a realistically deterministic form. The positions of the communicants (the questioner and the responder) are constantly changing or combining. As a result, the “questioning process” goes beyond the framework of a communicative strategy and transforms into a reflexive search for oneself. The step-by-step analysis gives grounds to speak about a special kind of anthropocentric model of the world in M. Shishkin’s novel, when the central significant element turns out to be a “little man” who, through questioning, does not reveal the secrets of being for the sake of epistemological completeness of existence, but seeks a close and understandable way of comprehending non-existence, thereby overcoming the eternal fear of death.
Psychoanalytic case as a narrative and textual representation of the patient
Authors: Filatov Philip R.
Published: May 2024

In the article a special type (form) of clinical history – a psychoanalytic case is considered as a narrative genre that has developed in the discursive practice of psychoanalysis at the intersection of medicine and literature under the influence of S. Freud’s classical works. According to the narrative approach, author of the article discusses, how the narration is constructed within the framework of psychoanalytic cases; the functions of case-narratives are clarified. It is noted, that in practice these forms of narration serve as models for understanding and structuring the experience of dialogic interaction between the analyst and his patient (analysand). At the same time, a case narrative is a means of professional self-identification, self-presentation and positioning of a practicing specialist in his collegial environment, a way to maintain and strengthen a sense of belonging to the psychoanalytic community. Apart from this, a psychoanalytic theory also has a narrative basis, which is extremely heterogeneous. Behind any theoretical construct of classical psychoanalysis there are one key (basic) narrative and series of additional ones. These are not only clinical stories, but also myths, literary works, psychobiographies of outstanding personalities. In content, a psychoanalytic case is always an epistemological narrative, a story about self-knowledge and knowledge of each other; struc-turally, it is a double narrative that unites two stories correlated with each other: “raw” or primary, compiled from the words of the analysand and his / her relatives, and processed or secondary, formed as a result of the analysis and including the dynamics of the transformative psychotherapeutic relationships. It is also stressed, that a distinctive feature of the narration in the case is the use of embedded narratives, in particular, analysand’s dreams or fantasies. Two questions are discussed: what happens when analysand becomes the personage of his psychoanalyst, and how we can characterize the representation of patient’s personality in the text of a psychoanalytic case.
Character-writers and their "texts within the text"
Authors: Pimonov Vladimir I.
Published: May 2024

This paper deals with “character-writers”, i.e. fictional characters acting as “secondary authors” who create their own texts within the main text of a literary work. The meaning of “texts within the text” written by Chekhov’s characters from “The Seagull” – writer Trigorin and playwright Treplev, as well as their literary predecessor, Shakespeare’s Hamlet, is discussed. The paper focuses on written “texts within the text” that have a prophetic meaning, foreshadowing the fate of their authors. Ham-let appears to be the first hero in European literature who writes dramatic “texts within the text” that contain a foreshadowing of his own death. It is shown that “The Mousetrap”, the play within the play (equivalent of “the text within the text”) in which the murderer (“a certain Lucianus, the king’s nephew”) poisons his victim, not only imitates the homicidal poisoning of Hamlet’s father by Claudius in the past, but prefigures the future murder of king Claudius by his real nephew Hamlet. It is noteworthy to mention that Hamlet kills Claudius also with the help of poison: first, stabbing him with an “envenomed” dagger, and then forcing him to drink off his “potion”. The author argues that the motif of murder by poisoning in “The Mousetrap” is also a foreshadowing of homicidal poisoning of another king – Hamlet himself. Indeed, after prince Hamlet kills Claudius, he, according to the rules of succession, becomes the rightful king of Denmark. Hamlet is wounded by Laertes, using the poisoned weapon, and dies. The poison is tempered by Claudius. Thus, the play within the play about homicidal poisoning that Hamlet composed about Claudius turns out to be a foreshadowing of Ham-let’s own death from poison prepared by Claudius. In a symbolic sense, Hamlet falls into his own “Mousetrap”.
“You need to name a number of fragile objects to determine the human”
Authors: Pakhsarian Natalia , Maksimova Ekaterina
Published: May 2024

In this issue of P&I, literary historian Natalia Pakhsarian talks about peacocks, lions, and Baroque man, reflects on cultures of metaphor and metonymy, and jokes in French. Interview by Ekaterina Maksimova.
Chronotope of rural pictures in “Light breathing”: Bunin – Zhemchuzhnikov – Pushkin
Authors: Dmitrovskaya Maria A.
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the chronotope of Bunin’s story “Light Breathing” in connection with Bunin’s cosmogonic conceptual system, which includes ideas about the opposite processes of destruction and regeneration of the world, about breaking the whole into parts and simultaneous collecting the whole from the parts, where the parts are identical, a part is equal to the whole and vice versa. Similar relationships exist between space and time as two components of the chronotope, as well as between languages in a multilingual code, which Bunin used to expand the possibilities of textual deployment of the system. Two cycles of poems by A.M. Zhemchuzhnikov with the same names “Rural pictures and impressions” and the poem “Winter Morning” by A.S. Pushkin play an important role in the formation of the chronotope of the story. The intertext does not act as a collection of disparate references to the texts of predecessors, but represents a systematic formation. The use of the noted pretexts is not accidental: it is built into the Faustian code that connects the ideas about Faust and Fasts and is used by Bunin for the textual deployment of his cosmogonic-eschatological system. The temporal and spatial components of the chronotope as a whole undergo metamorphoses, which reveal the commonality of spatial and temporal characteristics. The space in the story is divided into urban and suburban (countryside); the latter includes the cemetery and the village. The spatial component of the chronotope is characterized by constant circular movements between them. A variety of textual and non-textual techniques contribute to the close identification of these loci, as well as more fractional loci of Olya Meshcherskaya’s rural walk. In a similar way, the circular movement of the annual year is combined with the emphasis on individual events of the story (summer events described in Olya Meshcherskaya’s diary entry, Olya’s conversation with the primary gymnasium, class lady at Olya’s grave). Each of them is identical to all the others and, consequently, to the whole year. The chronotope includes the city of Yelets, unnamed in the story, whose status in Bunin’s conceptual system simultaneously covers both urban and rural loci, and these loci themselves show a tendency to move into the world dimension.
The Problem of Understanding the Integrity and Ontological Differentiation of Technology
Authors: Rosin V.M.
Published: May 2024

The article poses two questions. First, how should we think about the integrity of technology, given that it consists of very different entities (phenomena)? What, for example, do tools, technical structures, mechanisms, machines, the technical environment, and technology have in common? The answer that all these phenomena are artifacts created by man, who spied and enhanced the effects of nature, is clearly insufficient. Secondly, what relationships connect the listed types of technology? To answer, the author analyzes several cases (the formation of the ancient Egyptian pyramids, the prerequisites of the first industrial revolution, the formation of engineering, technology, A. Bogdanov’s theory “Tektology”), using the methodology of cultural and historical reconstruction developed by him, which in turn relies on the means of a number of humanitarian and social sciences. Sci. He shows that the implementation of this methodology makes it possible to characterize not only the patterns of formation of different types and essences of technology, but also to describe their unique features (singular aspect), as well as to understand the relationships they have.
The Problem of Beliefs in the Philosophy of B. Williams
Authors: Makarenko V.P.
Published: May 2024

Modern analytical philosophy studies religious, moral, political, ideological and practical beliefs as elements of ideological systems. At the same time, she poses methodological questions: what is the fact of an individual’s conviction? Is belief related to decision and will? An illustrative example of the answer to these questions of analysis is the work of Bernard Williams. This article summarizes one of his articles.
Geopolitics as a Dangerous Pathology of Political Consciousness
Authors: Obolonsky A.V.
Published: May 2024

The article is analytical and does not connected with questions of current politics. The radical difference between politics in genuine, Aristotelian meaning od word and political manipulations for solution of current political issues od day is emphasized. The historical, moral and sociological aspects of geopolitical paradigm in terms of imminent defectiveness of it and caused multiple negative consequences are considered. Among the topics of analysis are historical origin and evolution of geopolitical ideology from ancient China till European version of it – Machiavellianiism, and also a modern definition and understanding of geopolitics. The imminent pathologies of geopolitical consciousness are connected with mythology on national exclusiveness, ostensible uniqueness of different countries’ “special path”, etc. It was burdened in addition in several European states by post imperial political syndrome. Special sections of article are devoted to key crossroads in the history of Russia and also to condition of public political consciousness in the post Soviet period. It is characterized by deformations of value system, complex of social inferiority, fear of changes and deep socio psychological trauma. That usual for transit periods and finds a sort of compensation in vulgar pseudo patriotism. On the other side, the author is disagree and argues against of pessimistic, fatalistic judgements of Russian national political consciousness and culture and against of conclusion on supposed unpreparedness of us to democratic development.