bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OS DESAFIOS E CUIDADOS DA ENFERMAGEM NA ATENÇÃO INTEGRAL A SAÚDE DOS POVOS INDÍGENAS
Authors: Correia Ana Paula Fernandes , Ferreira Ana Catharyna Estrela , Silva Bianca Conceição Sousa Da , Dutra Danielle Pereira , Lopes Elisangela Cristina Ferreira , Soeiro Felipe Teixeira , Silva Gizeli Ferreira Rocha Da , Pereira Gerdina Taiane Rocha , Silva Izadora Asevedo , Carvalho Maria Do Socorro Ferreira , Souza Mariane de Amarante
Published: November 2024

Introdução: A saúde dos povos indígenas no Brasil enfrenta desafios singulares, marcados por barreiras culturais, geográficas e sociais. A atenção integral à saúde dessas populações exige uma abordagem diferenciada. Objetivo: Discutir os principais desafios enfrentados pela enfermagem na atenção integral à saúde dos povos indígenas. Material e Métodos: Tratou-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura. Foram selecionados estudos científicos nas bases de dados SCIELO, LILACS e Google Acadêmico. Resultados: Foram utilizados 07 artigos para a construção dos resultados da presente pesquisa, conforme apresentados no Quadro 1. Conclusão: conclui-se que a valorização das práticas e conhecimentos tradicionais indígenas, aliada a uma formação adequada dos profissionais de saúde, é crucial para superar as barreiras existentes e proporcionar uma assistência de qualidade.

Palavras-chave: Cuidados de enfermagem; Povos indígenas; Diversidade cultural na saúde.
DIREITO AO ARREPENDIMENTO DE COMPRA: O QUE DIZ O CÓDIGO DE DEFESA DO CONSUMIDOR?
Authors: Silva José Hilton Reis da
Published: November 2024

Este artigo aborda a temática Direito ao arrependimento de compra analisando a luz do principal documento que rege as relações de consumo no Brasil: o Código de Defesa do Consumidor. A partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, buscou-se responder aos principais questionamentos que envolvem esse tema a fim de trazer clareza para os consumidores.

Palavras-chave: Direito, Compras, Consumidor.
ACOLHIMENTO SOCIOEMOCIONAL NO INGRESSO À UNIVERSIDADE: guia do educador
Authors: Prudencio Adriana Cristina Madalena , Caldas Ivete Furtado Ribeiro , Soeiro Ana Cristina Vidigal
Published: November 2024

Prezado(a) educador(a), é com grande satisfação que apresentamos a você o nosso Guia para Acolhimento Socioemocional no Ingresso à Universidade, o qual foi cuidadosamente elaborado para auxiliar na promoção do bem-estar emocional e social de nossos estudantes, especialmente os que estão ingressando no mundo acadêmico.
O material foi desenvolvido para estimular o desenvolvimento das competências socioemocionais desde o ingresso à vida universitária, visto que elas são essenciais para a saúde e qualidade de vida, bem como para a adaptação ao ambiente acadêmico. Entretanto, tal objetivo não pode ser alcançado sem a parceria dos educadores, haja vista o importante papel que desempenham na vida dos estudantes e na manutenção de um ambiente acolhedor e motivador para o aprendizado.
O papel do educador é fundamental para o desenvolvimento integral dos estudantes e sua função vai muito além da mera transmissão de conhecimento acadêmico. Além disso, uma relação professor-aluno construída em bases sólidas, em que haja ética, respeito e diálogo, contribui significativamente para a formação de cidadãos mais conscientes, responsáveis e preparados para enfrentar os desafios da vida.
Estamos confiantes de que este guia será uma ferramenta valiosa em suas atividades de ensino e desde já, agradecemos seu compromisso e apoio ao desenvolvimento das habilidades socioemocionais dos estudantes. Juntos, podemos criar uma experiência educacional mais rica e transformadora, promovendo o crescimento integral, por meio de práticas de ensino que valorizem o estudante como protagonista de seu aprendizado.
Efficient query processing for multigranular data
Authors:   , Gatica Romero Diego
Published: November 2024

Spatial and temporal attributes are typical examples of data that can be represented at different levels of granularity or resolution. The massive amount of this type of data makes it impractical to store and process data without making use of efficient algorithms and structures. In search of a way to handle multigranular data, several data models have been proposed; however, there is no efficient implementation in terms of space usage and query time for any of the various existing models for handling multigranular data. In this thesis, we study algorithms and data structures to process different queries on multigranular models, specifically, the work done uses succinct data structures and achieves a good trade-off between space usage and query time.
In particular, we start by proposing a succinct data structure and algorithm for the implementation of a multigranular model that is general enough to be used in different domains. This model is based on the relations of subsumption and disjoint between its elements (i.e. granules), and their respective negations, and it proposes the strategy of deriving new relations, in order to reduce the space to be used. The proposed structure used (|E| − |V |) log2 |V | + O(|E|) space to store a graph with V vertices and E edges to store a graph that represent the subsumption relation, plus |Er| log |V|+|Er|+|V |+o(|Er| + |V |) for for each of the other relationships, and improves the derivation of new relations, compared to other implementations. A second succinct data structure is proposed, with a focus on the spatial domain by providing algorithms for processing topological queries like inclusion, disjointness, and adjacency between regions on a multi resolution context. In the case of a set of n regions without a hierarchy, we can manipulate it efficiently using 4n + o(n) bit, for the case when we have a hierarchy of height h, our structure proposed requires as little as O(n log h) bits, while maintaining a similar query time compared to a non-compact implementation.
Caracterización de suicidios en relación con el sexo en tres departamentos de Colombia, enero de 2018 - diciembre de 2021
Authors: Illera Rivera Diego , Banguera Riascos Harley , Charry Lozano Liliana , Garzón Certuche Lina Vanessa , Diaz Delgado William Darío , Muñoz Bravo Lissa Fernanda , Riobamba Calvache Carmen Rocio , Riascos Eduarth
Published: November 2024

Objective. To characterize suicides in relation to sex between the years 2018 to 2021 in three departments of Colombia (Valle del Cauca, Cauca and Nariño), comparing the periods defined as pre-pandemic and pandemic.
Methods. Cross-sectional, observational and retrospective descriptive research, elaborated from primary source data delivered by the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences (INMLYCF) - Southwest Sectional.
Results. A total of 1506 suicides were recorded during the four years studied in the departments of Valle del Cauca, Cauca and Nariño, with more cases occurring in adult males with 58.0% (n=874), with 48.3% (n=728) residing in Valle del Cauca, using hanging as the main cause 52.0% (n=783), with conflict with a partner or ex-partner being the most prevalent reason with 19.7% (n=131). On the other hand, for the female sex, being an adult 12.4% (n=186), resident in Valle del Cauca 10.4% (n=157), also using hanging as the main cause with 12.4% (n=187), being conflict with partner or ex-partner the most prevalent reason with 6.6% (n=44).
Conclusions. Suicide profiles were identified according to sex, with the vulnerable group being men in adulthood and adolescence, with a higher prevalence in Valle del Cauca.
Conocimiento del manejo de las lesiones precancerosas de cérvix de los profesionales de salud, en una empresa social del estado de baja complejidad del departamento del Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Authors: Méndez Vega Diana Alejandra , Peralta Trejos Manuel Alberto , Cubides Munévar Ángela Mayerly , Hernández Carrillo Mauricio , Gómez Gómez Milton Cesar
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Cervical cancer, according to estimates from the Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN), was the third cause of cancer and the fourth cause of mortality associated with cancer in Colombia during 2020. Despite multiple screening and detection interventions in the country, The expected results have not been obtained in terms of a decrease in cases of cervical cancer and an increase in the early diagnosis of premalignant lesions. Objective: To determine the knowledge of health personnel about precancerous lesions of the cervix, according to the Colombian clinical practice guide, in a low-complexity State Social Enterprise in the department of Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Materials and methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study in 42 health professionals, made up of doctors, professional nurses and nursing assistants from a low-complexity hospital entity in the department of Valle del Cauca, through a self-administered virtual survey. With the results obtained, univariate analyzes of the included variables were carried out, and using frequency tables, bar graphs and cakes, the behavior of the analysis variables was described. Results: 42 participants were included, with an average age of 34 years; 57% were nursing assistants and professional nurses. The average work experience in years was 9. 54.8% of participants had received training to perform cervical cancer screening. Knowledge of risk factors is significantly affected by the occupation of health personnel. When evaluating the screening and diagnosis of precancerous lesions of the cervix, it was found that most respondents know that screening is related to their detection. In relation to treatment, between 79 and 100% of pro- fessionals know the therapeutic alternatives. Regarding the behavior of health personnel regarding the results of the screening and the subsequent management approach, the doctors had a higher percentage of overall correctness. Conclusion: The study shows that there were misconceptions and inadequate approaches among the health professionals surveyed. It is necessary for low-complexity health entities to develop and disseminate cervical cancer prevention guidelines and health education materials to ensure standardization of the quality of services provided by health workers.
Strategic risk management in outsourced business processes: Navigating geopolitical and cybersecurity challenges
Authors: Jinyoung Hwang
Published: November 2024

Outsourcing has become increasingly important for organizations around the world because the practice offers optimization opportunities for the organizations. However, the increase in the magnitude of outsourcing has brought new complex hazards that need organizations to be aware and ready to tackle. The hazards include operational disruptions due to data breaches and harm to brands. This research was aimed at comprehending the strategic risk management within the realm of outsourced processes with the intention of geopolitical and cybersecurity obstacles. The study sought to establish a framework that will help organizations to improve their risk management practices within the context of outsourcing. The study employed qualitative and quantitative methods to examine the operational, financial, geopolitical, and cybersecurity hazards of outsourcing. The qualitative component included in-depth interviews with key stakeholders in outsourcing and the quantitative component included surveys. The thematic analysis and inferential statistics indicated a strong association between geopolitical factors, cybersecurity threats, and strategic risk management. The recommends an inclusion of the geopolitical risk assessment as an integral part of strategic planning in the outsourcing practice. Also, the study recommends enhancement of cybersecurity processes to avert financial and operational risk.
THE VOICE OF MENTOR TEACHERS AND STUDENTS TOWARD PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS TEACHING COMPETENCIES
Authors: Donal Andri , Rafli Zainal , Iskandar Ifan
Published: November 2024

This research aims to investigate students' perspectives towards pre-service teachers' competencies in teaching during the teaching practice program and to investigate teachers' perspectives towards pre-service teachers' competencies in teaching during teaching. The type of this research is a descriptive quantitative ex post facto research design. The populations of this research are English teachers and Students of Senior high school who pre-service teachers taught. Eleven pre-service teachers teach in senior high schools in seven schools as the location of research. In taking the samples, researchers used total sampling for the teacher samples and purposive sampling technique for student samples by taking ten students from each pre-service teacher. The research result showed that students' perspective toward pre-service teachers' competency in teaching was excellent. It was also similar to the teachers' perspective toward pre-service teachers' competency in teaching. It means that the teaching practice program held by the University of Pasir Pengaraian, especially the English education study program, was successful.
Confluencias entre Antropología y Derecho en Iberoamérica
Authors: Bonatto Barcellos Antonio Augusto
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo trata de establecer los principales puntos de convergencia entre el derecho y antropología, sobre todo en el contexto iberoamericano. Analizamos diversos autores y obras, de la misma manera que establecemos la relación entre conceptos relacionados a ambas las ciencias. En las conclusiones intentamos demostrar que derecho y antropología son ciencias complementarias y que pueden apoyarse para enriquecer y facilitar las labores de juristas y antropólogos, así como para acercar el derecho de los ciudadanos.
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LOGISTICS HUBS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Nesevrya P.I. , Lahutchev D.M.
Published: November 2024

Logistics, as a key element of modern supply chains, is increasingly becoming the subject of deep engineering research and development. The construction of logistics complexes in today's world is a critical aspect for the development and functioning of global economic systems, as it allows optimizing supply chains and organizing logistics processes to meet the high standards of consumers and business partners. Logistics complexes play a crucial role in global trade by ensuring the fast and efficient delivery of goods. The growth of e-commerce volumes enhances their significance, requiring more space for the storage and processing of goods. These complexes are strategically important for enterprises as they contribute to efficiency improvement, delivery time reduction, and cost optimization. Logistic infrastructures provide flexibility to respond to changing market conditions and support competitiveness at the international level. Accordingly, the construction of logistics complexes plays a strategic role in economic development and supports global business. Objective: The work aims to assess, analyze, and justify organizational-technical factors in optimizing the construction of logistics complexes. Research Object: Construction of logistics complexes as part of modern supply chains and their role in global economic systems. Research Subject: Organizational-technical factors influencing the process of construction of logistics complexes, as well as methods for their optimization to enhance the efficiency and competitiveness of logistic systems.
Presentation of Material: To achieve the research objective, the following tasks were performed:

analyzed the current state of warehouse logistics in Ukraine and the role of logistic hubs;
analyzed the impact of innovative and sustainable materials on the construction of logistics complexes;
studied the provision of flexibility and adaptability of logistics complexes to changing market conditions;
analyzed resource utilization during construction.

Research Results: The research results focus on improving organizational and technological aspects of the construction of logistics complexes through effective management of construction processes, implementation of innovative technologies, and optimization of resource utilization. Such measures contribute to increased productivity and competitiveness of logistic systems, as well as sustainable development and enhanced efficiency of the supply chain.
IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR EXECUTION OF CONSTRUCTION AND ASSEMBLY WORK IN SPECIAL CONDITIONS
Authors: Papirnyk R.B. , Dikarev K.B. , Seletskyi V.V. , Koval V.V.
Published: November 2024

Problem statement. Being in a state of war since February 24, 2022, Ukraine is facing complex challenges and threats affecting various spheres of life, including the construction industry. Constant shelling and air strikes create dangerous conditions for construction workers and increase the risks to their lives and health. Carrying out construction and installation work in conditions of war requires the development of special strategies and technologies that will ensure the maximum level of safety of workers and continue construction projects in such difficult conditions. Purpose of the study. The purpose of the study is to ensure the safety of construction workers during construction and assembly works in Ukraine. Methods. Analytical studies of the level of security at construction sites under martial law conditions, analysis and synthesis of available data, comparison of the level of construction and installation works in Ukraine, systemic and legal research of legislation in the field of labor protection. Research results. The danger of aerial alarms and missile threats is so serious that it forces businesses to look for effective ways to protect their employees. An important prospect is the conversion of existing building structures such as elevator shafts, underground rooms and other parts of buildings into safe shelters. It will save the time and effort normally spent on evacuating workers, and will also reduce the risks to life and health of workers. Creating safe working conditions on construction sites requires a comprehensive approach and the implementation of innovative technologies. Mobile shelters, conversion of existing structures and implementation of contingency plans are key steps in this direction. Scientific novelty. Offered solutions for ensuring the safety of construction workers in the conditions of a military conflict have been developed and presented. Practical significance. The results of this research can be used to develop new approaches and technologies that will ensure the safety of workers and the efficiency of construction work in risk conditions.
OPTIMIZATION OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT TO INCREASE EFFICIENCY AT CONSTRUCTION SITES: RESEARCH OF BEST PRACTICES AND STRATEGIES
Authors: Sokolov I.А. , Shoniia I.D.
Published: November 2024

Problem statement. Problem Statement. This article provides a detailed examination of the importance of optimizing logistics management on construction sites, which serves as a key element for enhancing overall efficiency and productivity in the modern construction industry. In the context of increasing competition and complexity of construction projects, effective logistics management becomes a critical success factor. Significant budget overruns and delays in the execution of construction projects are often associated with inefficient logistics management, especially due to rework, errors in material supply, and deficiencies in coordination among different project participants. This leads to unnecessary expenses, loss of time, and a decrease in the quality of work performed. The purpose of this study. The article focuses on the development and implementation of new strategies and methods for optimizing logistics on construction sites. This includes effective management of material resources, improvement of storage and delivery processes of construction materials, as well as the integration of various aspects of the logistics chain using modern information technologies. The research involves an in-depth analysis of existing literature and current practices on construction sites, which allows identifying the main problems and determining key challenges and opportunities for improvement. Methodology. To achieve the set goal, methods of system analysis, comparative studies, and modeling of logistics processes are used. Real cases from construction practice are analyzed, and surveys of experts and specialists in the fields of logistics and construction are conducted. Conclusions. The research results can be useful for improving logistics management processes on construction sites, which will contribute to reducing resource losses and increasing efficiency in the construction industry. The article also makes an important contribution to understanding the critical importance of logistics management in modern construction and offers specific recommendations and practical tools for its improvement. This can promote the competitiveness of construction companies and the development of the industry as a whole.
SYMBOLISM IN THE ARCHITECTURAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Kharchenko K.S. , Grebinnyk T.O. , Kaplenko D.D.
Published: November 2024

Statement of the problem: symbolism in the architectural environment is used to express abstract ideas and create images that carry ideological meaning. The relevance of the study of symbolism in the architectural environment is justified by the need to deepen the understanding of its role and significance in the formation of the aesthetic and ideological content of architectural objects. The purpose of the work: to investigate the history of the emergence and features of the use of symbolism in the architectural environment. Tasks of the research: 1. To consider the essence and history of the emergence of symbolism as a direction of art. 2. Compare architectural objects of different cultures and eras from the point of view of their symbolic load. 3. To study the symbolism of iconic objects of the architectural heritage of Ukraine. Research methods: analysis of literary sources, historical-comparative, iconographic and semiotic analysis. Conclusions: 1. The architectural environment of the world is not only a part of the volume-planning solution created and organized by man, designed to ensure the vital activity of society, but also a complex system of signs and symbols that reveals the worldview of different cultures and eras. 2. Analysis and comparison of architectural objects from different parts of the world makes it possible to understand their symbolic meaning. 3. Symbols in the architectural environment: allow to convey ideas, concepts and concepts without a dictionary description; give architectural objects uniqueness and memorability; create a connection between architecture, history, national culture and traditions, as well as a special emotional atmosphere of the architectural environment. 4. Famous architectural objects and landmarks of Ukraine, such as: Sophia Cathedral, Khotyn Fortress, Lychakiv Cemetery, House of Chimeras and Independence Square, are not only monuments of history and culture, but also symbols that reveal the deep meaning of Ukrainian being. 5. The revival and implementation of traditional cultural images of the Ukrainian people in modern art opens up great prospects for the preservation of Ukrainian identity for future generations and gives symbolism to the architectural environment.
ERGONOMICS AS A FACTOR IN ENSURING SAFETY DURING THE OPERATION OF CONSTRUCTION MACHINES ON THE EXAMPLE OF EXCAVATORS
Authors: Shalomov V.A. , Bielikov A.S. , Zhyrkov V.Yu. , Khriap P.D. , Shalomov O.V.
Published: November 2024

Problem statement. To improve the safe working conditions of excavator operators, it is important to effectively manage ergonomic quality indicators, increase the reliability of excavators, and improve the sanitary and hygienic conditions and comfort of operators. The set of ergonomic indicators of the operator–excavator system, including controllability, occupancy, serviceability, masterability and manufacturability, defines the concept of ergonomics (a criterion category of quality management that is also considered as an object of management). Changes in construction affect the efficiency of the operator-excavator system, taking into account specific production and technical, natural and climatic, and socio-economic conditions. The re-equipment of construction sites with new generation excavators equipped with modern control, computer information and diagnostic systems, hardware and software for data transmission, processing and analysis not only improves the efficiency of construction work but also changes the safe nature of human-machine interaction. The purpose of the article. Ensuring safety during the operation of construction machines (excavators), taking into account ergonomics criteria, which is an urgent scientific task, the solution of which will improve working conditions and increase the efficiency of excavators. Conclusion. The conducted research has shown that the ergonomic component “man – machine – environment” on the example of improving excavators allows to increase the safety of machines and improve the working conditions of construction machine operators. The use of the mathematical apparatus of fuzzy set theory to evaluate and manage the ergonomics of excavators is due to the nature and specificity of the functioning of the elements of the “operator–excavator” system. Information about the system elements can be represented by subjective opinions or judgements, inaccurate data or errors in measurements and parameter calculations. Therefore, it is necessary to use mathematical tools that take into account quantitative and qualitative information presented in linguistic form.
ASSESSMENT OF THE RISKS OF EMERGENCY SITUATIONS IN THE ENERGY SECTOR OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors: Kichata N.M. , Tretyakov O.V.
Published: November 2024

Problem statement. In order to effectively increase the security of critical infrastructure in the energy sector, it is necessary to assess all threats and analyze threat scenarios for the facility itself. Threats to energy security are the possibility of short-term or long-term situations, real or potential factors, phenomena or events that may disrupt the stability and security of the country's energy sector. These threats can lead to restriction or disruption of energy supply to consumers, accidents and other negative consequences. In many cases, the failure of one facility or system will affect the ability of interconnected facilities or systems in the same or another sector to perform their functions. For a relatively stationary system, it is important to identify those components or critical nodes where the potential consequences will be highest and where security and resilience efforts need to be focused. The purpose of the article is to develop and implement an approach to determining the risks of an emergency situation at critical infrastructure facilities using the example of the Dolyna Gas Processing Plant (GPP). Conclusions. An approach to identifying and assessing the risks of the critical infrastructure of the energy sector was developed and implemented, with the help of which potential vulnerabilities of the object to various threats are revealed. A simulation model for cascading effects has been built, which allows obtaining probabilistic estimates of the development of events under defined scenarios for a critical infrastructure object.
La república de Tocqueville: del crepúsculo del despotismo a la proliferación de la libertad política
Authors: Presta Francisco
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo explora el pensamiento político de Tocqueville desde una perspectiva que evalúa cómo el despotismo eclipsa los emblemas republicanos, impidiendo que la democracia moderna pueda transformar la realidad social. Teniendo presente esta tensión, explora en qué medida la libertad política puede reparar las anomalías producidas por la igualdad de las condiciones. En este sentido, reconstruyendo las principales características por las cuales el liberalismo político de Tocqueville se diferencia del liberalismo económico, procederemos a demostrar cómo la concepción del nuevo despotismo democrático formulado por el autor francés acontece en el entorno contemporáneo como una posibilidad posmoderna en virtud de trascender la tradición.
Automatic Text Classification With Large Language Models: A Review of openai for Zero- and Few-Shot Classification
Authors: Anglin Kylie L. , Ventura Claudia
Published: November 2024

While natural language documents, such as intervention transcripts and participant writing samples, can provide highly nuanced insights into educational and psychological constructs, researchers often find these materials difficult and expensive to analyze. Recent developments in machine learning, however, have allowed social scientists to harness the power of artificial intelligence for complex data categorization tasks. One approach, supervised learning, supports high-performance categorization yet still requires a large, hand-labeled training corpus, which can be costly. An alternative approach—zero- and few-shot classification with pretrained large language models—offers a cheaper, compelling alternative. This article considers the application of zero-shot and few-shot classification in educational research. We provide an overview of large language models, a step-by-step tutorial on using the Python openai package for zero-shot and few-shot classification, and a discussion of relevant research considerations for social scientists.
Risk Factors and Predictors of Adverse Outcomes in Twin Pregnancies: A Review
Authors: Wang Biaobiao , Zhang Weishe , Fu Yiran , Wang Qi , Wu Yanying , Nie Jia , Liu Lijuan , Zhang Xiaowen , Zeng Hongtao , Huang Jingrui
Published: November 2024

Objective: Twin pregnancies are associated with a higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes than are singleton pregnancies. Although the risk factors and predictors of adverse outcomes in singleton pregnancies have been clearly identified in numerous studies, those specific to twin pregnancies remain less consistent. This study was performed to summarize and evaluate the risk factors and predictors of adverse outcomes in twin pregnancies. Mechanism: A comprehensive review was conducted using the PubMed and Web of Science databases to analyze and identify the relevant risk factors and predictors of avderse outcomes in twin pregnancies. Findings in Brief: The risk factors and predictors of adverse outcomes in twin pregnancies are largely similar to those in singleton pregnancies, particularly in relation to preeclampsia and preterm birth and especially for conditions not unique to twin pregnancies. However, there remains a gap in the study of complications specific to twin pregnancies, largely because of their chorionicity. Conclusions: Early identification of risk factors and predictors for adverse outcomes in twin pregnancies facilitates earlier prevention and intervention and lead to improved management of serious complications in twin pregnancies.
Amalgamation of Metal Tolerant PGPR Buttiauxella sp. EA20 with Birch Wood Biochar Enhanced Growth and Biofortification of Rapeseed under Copper Action
Authors: Borisova Galina , Maleva Maria , Tripti  , Voropaeva Olga , Chukina Nadezhda , Tugbaeva Anastasia , Kumar Adarsh
Published: November 2024

Background: Amalgamation of metal-tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) with biochar is a promising direction for the development of chemical-free biofertilizers that can mitigate environmental risks, enhance crop productivity and their biological value. The main objective of the work includes the evaluation of the influence of prepared bacterial biofertilizer (BF) on biometric growth parameters as well as physiological and biochemical characteristics of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) at copper action. Methods: The prepared BF was based on novel metal tolerant strain of PGPR Buttiauxella sp. EA20 isolated from the rhizosphere of orchid Epipactis atrorubens and birch wood biochar (BC). The pot-scale experiments included six treatments: peat-containing control substrate (CS); CS + 200Cu (200 mg Cu/kg of soil); CS + 5% BC (v/v); CS + 5% BC + 200Cu; CS + 5% BF (v/v); CS + 5% BF + 200Cu. Results: Single Cu treatment caused the decrease in rapeseed leaf area, shoot and root length, fresh and dry biomass, as well as an increase in water saturation deficit, possibly due to damage of cell membranes by lipid peroxidation. Addition of BF or BC alone mitigated these harmful effects of copper. Application of BF, regardless of Cu addition, increased the rapeseed leaf area (1.6 times on average), plant fresh and dry biomass (2.5 times on average), and photosynthetic pigment content (1.8 times on average). In addition, BF treatment along with Cu enhanced the antioxidant activity of B. napus due to the accumulation of non-enzymatic antioxidants such as carotenoids, free proline and soluble phenolic compounds, including flavonoids. Moreover, plant enrichment with copper and essential macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was observed. Conclusions: The study concludes that application of complex biofertilizer based on metal tolerant PGPR strain Buttiauxella sp. EA20 and birch wood biochar mitigated the harmful effects of copper, enhanced the rapeseed growth and increased its biological value. Future perspective includes evaluation of the potential for using the resulting biofertilizer to improve the growth and biofortification of other crop species.
Diverse Cytokines Secreted by Adipocyte in Linking Cardio-Metabolic Disorder and SLE
Authors: Lai Min , Lin Kai , Chen Xiaofang , Cheng Ye
Published: November 2024

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-factorial autoimmune-mediated disease with hyper-stimulation of immune cells especially the T lymphocytes. By this method, it might facilitate the systematic damages in multiple tissues and organs. Otherwise, SLE is also correlated with diverse cardio-metabolic comorbidities, including dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and hypertension. It is worth-noting that the risk of cardio-metabolic disorders is significantly higher compared with the healthy patients which was reported as approximately one-third of SLE patients were proved as obesity. Notably, current focus is shifting to implementing cardio-metabolic protective strategies as well as elucidating underlying mechanisms of lupus-mediated obese status. On the other hand, adipocyte, as the most abundant endocrine cell in fat tissue, are dysfunctional in obese individuals with aberrant secretion of adipokines. It is proposing that the adipokine might link the pathology of cardio-metabolic disorders and SLE, whereas the related mechanism is complicated. In the current review, the functions of adipokine and the potential mechanisms by which the adipokine link cardio-metabolic disorders and SLE was well listed. Furthermore, the recommendations, which identify the adipokine as the potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of cardio-metabolic disorders and SLE, were also summarized.
Boosted Meat Flavor by the Metabolomic Effects of Nile Tilapia Dietary Inclusion of Zophobas atratus Larval Meal
Authors: Li Yanfeng , Li Haozheng , Zhang Ge , Liu Jiale , Drolma Dawa , Ye Bo , Yang Manjun
Published: November 2024

Background: Zophobas atratus larval meal (ZLM) is a high-quality feed supplement with potential activities that can improve fish growth performance and promote meat quality. However, there have been limited recent studies investigating the metabolic effects of ZLM. Therefore, this study aims to uncover the metabolomic mechanism through which ZLM improves tilapia meat flavor using metabolomic strategies. Method: In this study, soybean meal in the basal diets was replaced with 15%, 30%, or 60% ZLM, where anti-nutrient factors were destroyed by high temperature treatment. After being fed these ZLM supplements for 30 days, dorsal muscles were collected from tilapia for meat sensory evaluation tests. Liver samples were also collected for metabolomic analysis using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) platform and combined with biochemical assays to verify metabolism-related enzyme activities and reveal crucial metabolic pathways and critical biomarkers associated with ZLM’s ability to improve meat flavor. Results: In tilapia livers, ZLM enhanced the activity of enzymes involved in energy metabolism including succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (α-KGDH), NADP-malate dehydrogenase (NAD-MDH) and mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDHm). This resulted in increased levels of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), acetyl CoA and ATP which led to accumulation of flavor fatty acids such as arachidonic acid, linoleic acid (9,12-Octadecadienoic acid), linolenic acid (9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid) and oleic acid (9-Octadecenoic acid). Additionally, there was an increase in flavor nucleotides like guanosine adenosine-5′-monophosphate and uridine-5′-monophosphate while off-flavor metabolites like inosine and hypoxanthine decreased. Furthermore, beneficial metabolomic responses led to a decrease in off-flavor metabolites such as 2-methylisoborneol trimethylamine and geosmin while increasing umami metabolites like 2-methyl-3-furanthiol and nonanal. Conclusions: This metabolomic study demonstrates that inclusion of ZLM diets enhances the flavor profile of tilapia dorsal muscle. The accumulation of flavor compounds, coupled with a reduction in earthy taste and off-flavor metabolites, contributes to an improved meat flavor and freshness. Additionally, there is an increase in the levels of flavor-related amino acids and nucleotides. These previously unidentified metabolic effects highlight the potential significance of ZLM as a dietary supplement for enhancing the biosynthesis of flavor metabolites in tilapia.
The High Millimolar Concentration of ATP: A Fundamental & Foundational Feature of Eukaryotic, Archaeotic, and Prokaryotic Domains
Authors: Greiner Jack V. , Glonek Thomas
Published: November 2024

Measurement of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration among different cells, tissues and organs and even across the phylogenetic tree ordinarily yields exceedingly high concentrations at the millimolar (mM) level. This represents a conundrum in that ATP-driven cellular functions only require micromolar (μM) values. Considering that nature is ordinarily conservative in the generation of high-energy phosphatic metabolites such as ATP, a potential major role for ATP has been completely overlooked and may be of paramount importance because ATP is a hydrotrope. In all phylogenetic domains, reports have established that the excessively high mM concentration of ATP is present in studies of eukaryotic cellular and tissue homogenates, living tissues, and a living organ as well as archaeotic and prokaryotic organisms. These ATP concentrations are also present in contemporary relatives of microorganisms having progenitors existing in the Precambrian Era. This feature is fundamental to cell biology across taxonomic domains. These features are interpreted as serving a foundational molecular function for maintaining organismal homeostasis. We hypothesize that ATP prevents pathological protein aggregation and maintains protein solubility through its hydrotropic feature in cells, tissues, and organs.
Sulfated Galactan Derivative from Gracilaria fisheri Improves Histopathology and Alters Wound Healing-Related Proteins in the Skin of Excision Rats
Authors: Jongsomchai Kamonwan , Pudgerd Arnon , Sakaew Waraporn , Wongprasert Kanokpan , Kovensky José , Rudtanatip Tawut
Published: November 2024

Background: The biological activities of sulfated polysaccharides (SP) are well-documented, especially regarding wound healing. Sulfated galactan (SG), a type of SP extracted from the red seaweed Gracilaria fisheri, has been identified as having multiple therapeutic properties related to its wound healing capacity. Recent research indicates that degraded SG (DSG) from G. fisheri, when combined with octanoyl ester (DSGO), can improve wound healing in fibroblasts. However, the effectiveness of natural products in clinical settings often differs from in vitro results. This study aimed to develop and evaluate ointments containing DSG and DSGO for skin repair in an animal model. Methods: Twenty-four Wistar rats were divided into four groups: (1) normal control, (2) ointment control, (3) DSG ointment, and (4) DSGO ointment. After inducing full-thickness excision wounds, these ointments were applied to the wounds. Wound contraction rate, histopathology, and protein related wound healing expression were then elucidated. Results: Our findings showed that both DSG and DSGO ointments significantly enhanced wound closure compared to the control groups. Histopathological and biochemical analyses indicated increased extracellular matrix production and fibroblasts, marked by improved fibroblast activity, neovascularization, and collagen deposition. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry and immunoblot analysis revealed that the ointments altered the expression of Ki67, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), E-cadherin, vimentin, collagen, and components of the Smad signaling pathway, all of which are crucial for wound healing. The results also suggested that the DSGO ointment was marginally more effective in promoting wound healing in this model. Conclusions: These results indicate that ointment supplemented with DSG and DSGO have the potential to enhance skin repair by improving histopathology and altering wound healing-related proteins.
Protective Role of Vitamin D Receptor in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury In Vitro and In Vivo Model
Authors: Dai Jie , Huang Haiyan , Wu Liucheng , Ding Mei , Zhu Xiangyang
Published: November 2024

Background: Vitamin D receptor (VDR) can prevent myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI). Hence, we aimed to illuminate the effect of VDR on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI). Methods: C57BL/6 mice and SK-N-SH cells were utilized to establish CIRI and cellular oxygen deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) models. Mice were injected with 1 μg/kg Calcitriol or 1 μg/kg Paricalcitol (PC) and adenovirus-mediated VDR overexpression or knockdown plasmids. 2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride (TTC) and Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays were performed to measure the brain infarct volume and the apoptosis of cerebral cells. SK-N-SH cells were treated with 5 mM N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and transfected with VDR knockdown plasmid. Flow cytometry and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays were employed to assess the apoptosis and cell viability. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were exploited to quantify the levels of reactive species oxygen (ROS), other oxidative stress-related factors, VDR and apoptosis-related factors. Results: The level of VDR in mouse cerebral tissue was elevated by CIRI (p < 0.001). CIRI-induced cerebral infarction (p < 0.001) and the apoptosis of cerebral cells (p < 0.001) in mice were mitigated by the activation of VDR. VDR overexpression abrogated while VDR silencing enhanced CIRI-induced infarction, oxidative stress and apoptosis of cerebral cells (p < 0.05). Furthermore, VDR silencing aggravated the oxidative stress and apoptosis in OGD/R-treated SK-N-SH cells (p < 0.05). NAC, a scavenger of oxidative stress, could reverse the effects of VDR silencing on apoptosis and oxidative stress in OGD/R-treated SK-N-SH cells (p < 0.01). Conclusion: VDR alleviates the oxidative stress to protect against CIRI.
Dual Role of Lysosome in Cancer Development and Progression
Authors: Chen Xiao-Qiong , Yang Quan , Chen Wei-Min , Chen Zi-Wei , Guo Guang-Hui , Zhang Xuan , Sun Xiao-Ming , Shen Tao , Xiao Fu-Hui , Li Yun-Feng
Published: November 2024

Lysosomes are essential intracellular catabolic organelles that contain digestive enzymes involved in the degradation and recycle of damaged proteins, organelles, etc. Thus, they play an important role in various biological processes, including autophagy regulation, ion homeostasis, cell death, cell senescence. A myriad of studies has shown that the dysfunction of lysosome is implicated in human aging and various age-related diseases, including cancer. However, what is noteworthy is that the modulation of lysosome-based signaling and degradation has both the cancer-suppressive and cancer-promotive functions in diverse cancers depending on stage, biology, or tumor microenvironment. This dual role limits their application as targets in cancer therapy. In this review, we provide an overview of lysosome and autophagy-lysosomal pathway and outline their critical roles in many cellular processes, including cell death. We highlight the different functions of autophagy-lysosomal pathway in cancer development and progression, underscoring its potential as a target for effective cancer therapies.
The Regulatory Effect of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-2 on Hypothalamic Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons during the Pubertal Period
Authors: Dai Xiaoli , He Yuanyuan , Han Xinghui , Sun Wen , Yu Jian , Lin Yating , Wang Yonghong
Published: November 2024

Background: The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system plays a vital role in regulating gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), whether the IGF2 can act on the GnRH neurons during the pubertal period is unclear. Methods: Central precocious puberty (CPP) rats were induced by danazol, and when the rats met the first diestrus, they were euthanized and tissues were collected. GT1-7 cells were cultured and treated with 0, 1, 10 ng/mL IGF2 for 4 hours and the changes in GnRH were measured. Mice were injected intracerebroventricularly with IGF2 (15 ng/g, 5 μL) or with the same dose of phosphate buffered saline (PBS), after eight hours, they were euthanized and tissues collected. Results: CPP rats had increased expression of IGF2 and GnRH mRNA and their respective proteins in the preoptic area (POA) of the hypothalamus. Treatment of GT1-7 cells with 10 ng/mL of IGF2 increased GnRH mRNA and protein expression, and GnRH concentration in the culture medium. Injection of IGF2 protein into the lateral ventricle of mice increased the expression of GnRH mRNA and protein in the POA. Conclusions: IGF2 may upregulate the synthesis of GnRH during the pubertal period, and may also take part in the pathology of CPP.
Lipoprotein (a): Underrecognized Risk with a Promising Future
Authors: Manzato Matteo , Wright R. Scott , Jaffe Allan S. , Vasile Vlad C.
Published: November 2024

Lipoprotein a (Lp(a)) is a lipid biomarker that binds cholesterol and bears independent cardiovascular risk. Strategies to lower the level of Lp(a) and mitigate such risk are important both for primary and secondary prevention. Currently there are no approved therapies targeting Lp(a) directly. Lipid lowering therapies prescribed routinely may have no effect on Lp(a) levels. Some agents such as niacin and estrogens can significantly decrease Lp(a), but their use is not recommended due to their adverse safety profile. Statins increase Lp(a) levels by 10–20%, questioning the benefit of such therapy when this biomarker is elevated. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) endorses new agents to address dyslipidemia such as proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors (PCSK9-i) and Inclisiran, a small interfering RNA. These approaches have been shown to also significantly reduce Lp(a), but more clinical data is needed before implementing their use in clinical practice. Clinical trials are currently ongoing to test the efficacy of newly developed antisense oligonucleotides and small interfering RNAs targeting the gene encoding for Lp(a) in hepatocytes, while other investigations assess small molecules that inhibit Lp(a) assembly. This review summarizes the pathophysiology and clinical implications of Lp(a) elevation, and focuses on proposed Lp(a) therapies and the current state of the clinical trials of such novel agents.