bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conversion of open varicose veins surgery unit into a modern one-stop shop endo-venous unit: strategies and cost-effectiveness
Authors: Elkassaby Mohammed , Hassanin Ahmed , Elmallah Ahmed
Published: August 2023

Purpose

to provide a road map for converting varicose veins service to endovenous ablation and assess its process and outcome on patients with varicose veins.

Patients and methods

Retrospective assessment of prospectively recorded data for converting vein unit which exclusively did open varicose veins surgery (OS) (39 patients from September 2019 to February 2020) to endovenous radiofrequency ablation (ERFA) service (44 patients from March 2020 to January 2021).

Results

There was no statistical difference in theatre time between both interventions despite dealing with more complex cases in the ERFA group with more truncal veins (χ2
=11.950*, P<0.001*) and a higher number of stab avulsions (V number) (χ2
=217.889, P<0.001*). On the other hand, the overall cost was significantly lower in open group compared to ERFA (Mean±SD 1261±386 US$ and 1519.2±392 US$ respectively, P<0.001*. This statistical difference was reduced to P=0.041 when subgroup analysis only included cases with higher number of avulsions. In multivariate analysis, cost was associated with surgical duration and using ERFA however, less complications were recorded in ERFA group (χ2=4.419* P=0.036*) and recovery time was significantly longer in open group (8.90±2.44) than in ERFA group (6.0±1.06), P<0.001*

Conclusion

Converting varicose veins service to a modern ERFA is safe and effective when properly planned. ERFA is associated with shorter recovery and less theatre time and complications despite higher cost which becomes more cost-effective in cases with more truncal veins and avulsion sites.
Comparative study between anterior and posterior approach in emergent femoral hernia
Authors: Alabassy Mahmoud M. , Elsisy Alaa A. E. , Alhanafy Saad S.
Published: August 2023

Objectives/aims

Emergency surgery is necessary for incarcerated and/or strangulated femoral hernias. With regard to emergency femoral hernia repair, this study attempted to compare between open anterior and open posterior (preperitoneal) techniques.

Methods

Patients who underwent emergency femoral hernia repair between October 2020 and October 2022 were included in this single centre retrospective cohort research. They were divided into two groups based on the surgical incisions: the anterior approach group (19 cases) and the posterior approach group (14 cases). Open anterior and posterior methods were compared using patient demographic information, intraoperative findings, operating time, and postoperative outcomes.

Results

33 patients in total were included in the current study. 19 patients (57.6%) underwent open anterior approach, whereas 14 patients (42.4%) underwent open preperitoneal approach. Patient features indicated a similarity between the two groups. The posterior approach group experienced considerably shorter mean operative time (53.624 7 min vs 77.936 5 min, P = 0.039) and recovery time (9.24 1days vs 13.36 6days, P = 0.049) before returning to full activity. The posterior approach group had a decreased (7.14%) rate of postoperative complications, such as wound infection, seroma/hematomas, persistent discomfort, and hernia recurrence.

Conclusion

While it can increase the rate of first-stage tension-free repair of incarcerated femoral hernia and with a lower risk of postoperative complications, the open preperitoneal approach for emergency femoral hernia may be preferable to other procedures.
Predictive value of biological markers in loco-regional recurrence of breast cancer after mastectomy and radiotherapy
Authors: Mahmoud Mahmoud Abdelbaky , Ouf Tarek Ismail Ahmed , Kamal Tarek Hussein , El Aziz Heba Tharwat Abd
Published: August 2023

Objective

To assess the prognostic usefulness of the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (Her 2), the progestin receptor (PR), and the oestrogen receptor (ER) in locoregional recurrence following mastectomy radiotherapy in Egyptian breast cancer patients.

Patients and methods

This retrospective analysis comprised 432 female patients who had received radiation and had a mastectomy and immunohistochemistry reports. The Ethics Committee’s clearance was required before this study could be carried out at the Ain-Shams University hospitals.

Results

A total of 24 individuals developed LRR after a median follow-up period of 68.9 months. Although lymph nodes with more than three exhibited a statistically significant risk for LLR, tumour grade and pT were not significant risk factors. LRR risk rose for those who were HER2-positive and those with TNBC, but Luminal B had a non-significantly greater risk than Luminal A.

Conclusion

For breast cancer patients receiving PMRT, the biological subtype based on the categorization standard from the St. Gallen International Breast Cancer Conference (2013) Expert Panel acts as an accurate prognostic predictor. In HER2-positive and hormonal receptor-positive individuals, trastuzumab treatment significantly reduced the risk of LRR.
The safest power to be applied in relation to diameter of the vein to give maximal benefit with least complications in endovenous laser ablation of varicose veins
Authors: Mostafa Mohamed Hassan Albanna , Mohamed Ahmed Farouk , Mohamed Mohamed Ismail , AboElNeel Hamdy AbdelAzeem
Published: August 2023

Background

Over the years, there have been significant advancements in the treatment of varicose veins. In most surgical settings, the open procedure is still the primary approach. Yet, the popularity of less invasive procedures like EVLA and RFA has produced fantastic outcomes.

Objective

to assess the safest power of laser which gives maximal effect and least complications in ablation of varicose veins.

Methodology

A prospective observational study inducing EVLA of different laser power settings (7W & 10W) with preoperative assessment then follow up by CEAP & VCSS and duplex ultrasound measuring great saphenous vein (GSV) diameter and also post-operative complications and time to return to work.

Results

This study included 50 patients (52 limbs). The Patients were distributed as regard laser power used into two groups (7W, 10W) of 26 limbs for each one. As regard GSV measures changes, there was highly statistically significant decrease in GSV diameter after 1 m and after 3 m compared to preoperative, with P value P<0.001, among patients group. Also, there is higher number of cases with GSV>10 mm in power of laser ‘10w’ group compared to ‘7w; group, with P value (P<0.001); while there is no statistically significant difference between power of laser 7w versus 10w, because all patients ≤10 mm after 1 month and after 3 months, with P value >0.05.Statistically there was no significant difference between 7W & 10W groups as regards time to return to work, CEAP scores and postoperative complications except the significant difference in Pain over the treated vein being less in 7W laser power group.

Conclusion

For endovenous laser ablation of varicose veins, both 7W and 10W laser power are indicated. They are risk-free and provide the greatest impact with the fewest difficulties for the chosen vein diameter. In our investigation, we came to the conclusion that patients with small GSV diameter required low laser power (7W), while those with large GSV diameter required high laser power (10W).
Short-term effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on hyperlipidemic obese patients
Authors: Sabry Ahmed A. , Sorour Magdy Akel , Gaber Marwa Hemat , Essa Antwan Yousry Eskander , Elkeleny Mostafa R.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Obesity has become a global epidemic and a major health problem in the twenty-first century. Studies have demonstrated that weight loss lowers increased serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and raises high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. One of the most recent procedures for managing weight loss in obese people with other options is laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on lipid profile in hyperlipidemic obese patients during the nine months of postoperative care.

Methods

From July 2020 to October 2021, 50 hyperlipidemic obese patients who were eligible for bariatric surgery underwent this prospective study at Main University Hospital in Alexandria, Egypt. Before and one, three, six, and nine months after the surgical intervention, measurements of body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fasting and postprandial blood sugar, serum cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, and LDL levels were taken.

Results

The patients’ average age was 33.72±7.95 years. BMI, weight, blood sugar, and other measurements all significantly decreased. The mean body mass index (BMI) of the patients was 48.59±5.78 kg/m2 before surgery, however, it was reduced to 32.58±3.91 kg/m2 nine months afterwards. Studies revealed a statistically significant rise in HDL levels in the serum and a statistically significant fall in triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL levels. Results also revealed a favorable association between preoperative differences in age, BMI, and diabetes state and postoperative lipid profile alterations.

Conclusion

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) decreases body mass index, improves glucose and lipid metabolism, and alters the lipid profile by significantly lowering total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol while significantly raising HDL cholesterol.
Effect of post-gastric sleeve pyloric length on control of type II diabetes mellitus
Authors: Hassan Lotfy S. , Fahmy Mohamed H. , Elmonim Ahmed Maher Abd , Elshal Mohamed
Published: August 2023

Background

Although the effectiveness and safety of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) have been demonstrated, there is still debate about the best surgical method, with the resection distance from pylorus (DP) being among the most contentious topics. In patients who had LSG for morbid obesity, the effect of the resection distance from the pylorus on the management of type II diabetes mellitus during the postoperative phase was examined.

Patients and methods

After receiving each patient’s agreement, a total of 46 obese individuals were enrolled. Patients were prospectively randomized into two groups, group A (‘AP group’) and group B (‘AR group’), based on the distance between the initial reload firing and the pylorus (4 cm for group A and 2 cm for group B, respectively). Blood sugar levels were measured three, six months, and one year following LSG. After a year of follow-up, the percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) was calculated.

Results

Postoperative weight was statistically significant lower and EWL% was statistically significant higher in group B: LSG ‘2 cm’ compared to group A: LSG ‘4 cm’. As regard outcomes of type 2 diabetes mellitus after LSG, in spite of nonsignificant statistical value, we reported that there was higher frequency of complete remission after 3, 6 and 12 months in group B: LSG ‘2 cm’ compared to group A: LSG ‘4 cm’ and cases with complete remission were associated with significant higher EWL%.

Conclusion

Patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy are recommended to have shorter resection distance from pylorus (DP) done. It has been linked to superior surgical results, weight reduction, and diabetes mellitus management with no problems recorded.
Comparison between laparoscopic versus open appendectomy in morbid obese patients
Authors: Galal Abdelrahman Mohammad , Saleem Abd-El-Aal Ali , Helmy Mena Zarif
Published: August 2023

Purpose

To evaluate the laparoscopic approach advantages for the management of acute appendicitis in morbidly obese patients.

Methods

A prospective study included all morbidly obese patients who had presented to the emergency department at Sohag University Hospitals and were diagnosed with acute appendicitis between the 1st of June 2022 and the 31st of January 2023. All those patients were invited to participate in the research by randomization. The authors informed patients and their first-degree relatives about both techniques, signed a consent form for participation in the study. The authors categorized them into two groups; laparoscopic approach (group I) and open approach (group II). Comparisons were based on operative time, intraoperative complications, length of hospital stay, postoperative complications, and time until return to normal daily activities.

Results

The study enrolled 64 patients: 33 had a laparoscopic appendectomy, and 31 had an open appendectomy. The groups were similar in terms of clinicopathologic characteristics. The operating time was significantly shorter for Group I patients than Group II (Group I, 49.09±16.21 min vs. Group II, 68.03±15.78 min; P value less than 0.05). Regarding the length of hospital stay, twenty-six patients (78.8%) were discharged within the 1st 24 h in the laparoscopic group versus 17 patients (54.8%) in the open group (P value 0.041). The time until return to the routine daily work was significantly shorter in the laparoscopic group (11.27±2.6 days) than in the open group (17.23±4.8 days) (P value less 0.05). Four postoperative complications were reported in the study population: wound complications (infection, seroma formation), residual abdominal abscess, paralytic ileus, and thromboembolic complications (Deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism). Group II had a statistically significant higher complication rate (32.3%) than Group I (9.09%) (P value 0.007).

Conclusion

Laparoscopic appendectomy had superior clinical outcomes than an open appendectomy in morbidly obese patients. In addition to minimal invasiveness and better cosmetic results, it has a great advantage as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool in morbidly obese patients with suspected appendicitis. It is also a safe and feasible approach with a low rate of complications with a well-trained expert surgeon.
Evidence Generating Community Health Intervention Project – An Innovative Practice to Cultivate Research Culture among Medical Students
Authors: Pandit Niraj B , Chauhan Grishma D , Patel Nilesh G , Patel Maharshi V
Published: August 2023

Deprived research culture among medical students and lack of research at medical student level was thought-provoking key to start “An Evidence Generating Community Health Intervention Project” (EviGenCHIP). EviGenCHIP is unique innovative program initiated by the Department of Community Medicine and Medical Education Unit. There are more than 600 medical colleges in India. It is an opportunity to sensitize and develop research culture in young minds of Indian medical graduates. The study aimed to sensitize medical students about the role of research and evidence in medical science and thus developing research culture among undergraduates.

Methods:

This was the education-based observation cross-sectional study. Students themselves identify the health problem during their learning time. They would do scientific research on the selected problem and find out best solution for that problem. Every year, the institute conducts this program for 3rd MBBS students during April to October. At the starting of the project, the institute conducts sensitization session to teach them basics of research and epidemiology method. Then, the institute divides the students among small groups and allocates one faculty to guide them in their projects. At the end, the institute conducts the presentation session and appreciates students as well faculties with certificate.

Results:

Since 2014, EviGenCHIP started, total 110, 106, 84, 76, 121, 152, and 150 students have participated in 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2021, respectively. Total 25, 20, 13, 16, 21, 24, and 31 faculties have participated in EviGenCHIP project for respective year. It has long-term impact. Feedback of EviGenCHIP showed that students are developing research culture, which might not be possible with traditional academics. Conclusion - EviGenCHIP like projects have long term impact. It will take time to create research culture in medical colleges but support at college level and university level surely change the culture. Conclusion: EviGenCHIP like projects have long term impact. It will take time to create research culture in medical colleges but support at college level and university level surely change the culture.
Novel Insights into the Concepts of Masurika in Madhava Nidana
Authors: Gupta Kshama , Mamidi Prasad
Published: August 2023

Madhava Nidana is an authentic and popular Ayurvedic text written by Madhavakara (700–800 AD). Masurika has been well correlated with smallpox, and Madhavakara was the first author to give an independent disease status along with a detailed description of Masurika in Masurika Nidana chapter of the Madhava Nidana. Published literature on Masurika is scarce, and the present review is focused on exploring the contents of Masurika Nidana chapter of Madhava Nidana and its similarity with smallpox. Concepts of nutritional immunology with special reference to the complex interactions between diet, immune status and susceptibility to viral infections can be found in the Masurika Nidana chapter. Krura Grahekshanat Deshe denotes epidemics or pandemics caused by pox viruses. There is a profound similarity between the description of Masurika and smallpox among various domains such as clinical features, types, morphological characteristics of skin lesions, prognosis, and complications. Bhramareneva Viddhani Kurvanti Astheeni (i.e., osteomyelitis variolosa) may denote the findings of postmortem examination or autopsy findings of smallpox patients done by Madhavakara. Although smallpox has been eradicated, the present study findings may provide important information regarding the diagnostic possibilities and management guidelines of other pox virus diseases or other viral epidemics that are associated with skin eruptions.
Holistic Dentistry-Tooth as an Anchor to Mind, Body, and Soul
Authors: Nayak Amisha , Tamgadge Sandhya
Published: August 2023

The spectrum of dental care is expanded across a wide approach including treatment measures involving the overall health care of the patient without the extensive use of conventional medicines. At times, diseases constrain their response to methodical therapeutic measures. In the course of relief, patients spend their fortune, and so, a need for excavating the root cause of a dental ailment is of utmost importance. Healing does not necessarily occur on the sole basis of medicines. Various other factors in addition to the regular measures play a vital role in the dental treatment modalities. Holistic dentistry is one such branch in which the dentist, practices to achieve comprehensive dental care by finding out the root etiological factor of the disease and initiating therapy accordingly. Understanding the importance of a healthy mind, body, and soul to successfully treat a patient with a dental ailment, ushering towards a better, successful, and efficient dental practice with utmost satisfaction on the patient's end. Holistic dentistry plays a key factor in unlocking the overall health care of the patient.
Rapidly Progressive Dementia
Authors: Sudha Ande Jeevana , Rathore Chaturbhuj , Kumar Sunil , Yeeli Gowtham
Published: August 2023

Dementia is one of the most common neurological manifestations. While degenerative dementia is the commonest form of dementia, various metabolic, toxic, infective, and inflammatory diseases can also present with dementia. It is the course of the disease, speed of the progression, and the presence of associated features which often give clue to the diagnosis of nondegenerative dementias. Here, we report a case of rapidly progressive dementia in a middle-aged male patient and discuss the various differential diagnoses.
Successful Endodontic Treatment of Two Cases of Radix Entomolaris in Partially Erupted Mandibular Third Molars with 4 and 3 Root Canals, Respectively
Authors: Shah Ruchi , Shah Palak P.
Published: August 2023

Dentists encounter a variety of anatomical variations on a regular basis. In this situation, the mandibular third molars are not far away. Because of their most posterior placement and unexpected morphology, extraction frequently continues to be the preferred course of therapy. An extra distolingual root (radix entomolaris) poses a significant anatomical challenge and is also extremely uncommon. Therefore, one of the key requirements for a successful root canal procedure is the identification and management of the radix entomolaris. The purpose of this article is to describe how two cases of mandibular third molar with three roots and 4 root canals in the first case and 3 root canals in the second case were successfully managed endodontically.
Prevalence of Hypertension, Overweight, and Obesity in Type 2 DM Patients Attending a Tertiary Health Care Facility in Enugu, Nigeria
Authors: Nwagbara Ijeoma Jacinta , Onyeanusi Joel C , Ogbu Innocent SI , Obi-Ezeani Chikaodili Nwando
Published: August 2023

Context:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the noncommunicable diseases with an increased worldwide prevalence which differs from country to country. Hypertension and obesity may coexist in diabetes, thus enhancing complications and morbidities.

Aim:

The study determined the prevalence of hypertension, overweight, and obesity in type 2 DM patients attending a tertiary health care facility in Enugu, Nigeria.

Setting and Design:

A total of 296 type 2 DM patients attending the diabetes clinic at Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Parklane, Enugu, were recruited for this study.

Subjects and Methods:

Blood pressure, weight, height, waist and hip circumferences were measured according to standard methods, waist to hip ratio and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. 3 ml of fasting blood sample was collected for blood glucose analysis. Statistical significance was considered at P < 0.05.

Results:

Of the 296 patients, 176 (59.5%) were female, whereas 120 (40.5%) were male. BMI was significantly higher in females when compared with the males (P = 0.002). The prevalence of hypertension was 36.8%, 35.2% in females and 39.2% in males. 26.7% were obese (30.1% females and 21.7% males) while 43.9% were overweight (42.6% females and 45.8% males). The prevalence rates of hypertension, overweight, and obesity were high in patients aged 56 years and above. Overweight and obese hypertensive patients had the prevalence rates of 45.9% and 40.4%, respectively.

Conclusion:

Hypertension and overweight or obesity persist in type 2 diabetic patients. The high prevalence of hypertensive overweight/obese diabetes patients calls for stringent measures through lifestyle modifications such as weight reduction, physical activity and dietary intake.
The Effect of Suction Wound Drain on Laparotomy Wound Healing in Emergency Colorectal Surgeries
Authors: Githu S. G. , John Binni , Saju Jiya Mulayamkuzhiyil , Sasikumar M. N.
Published: August 2023

Background:

This prospective observational study attempts to compare the healing in the laparotomy midline wounds closed primarily with negative suction wound drain to those wounds where only linea alba was closed with skin and subcutaneous tissue left open for secondary suturing, in emergency colorectal surgeries.

Materials and Methods:

This study was conducted on 160 patients in the general surgery department of a tertiary care teaching hospital for 12 months in those who underwent emergency colorectal surgery through midline laparotomy and randomly allotted for either laparotomy midline wound closure with suction drain or closure with linea alba suturing alone with skin and subcutaneous tissue left open for secondary suturing. These two groups were compared for wound healing. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software.

Results:

The wound contamination in those with closed wound with negative suction wound drain (Group A) had 40% in Grade II and 37.5% in Grade III, whereas those in which skin and subcutaneous tissue was left open after closing linea alba (Group B) had 53.8% in Grade II and 38.8% in Grade I and this might have contributed to the better healing as was seen in Group B than in Group A. This showed that wound healing was better in those wounds where only linea alba was closed with skin and subcutaneous tissue left open for secondary suturing after 1 week.

Conclusion:

In emergency colorectal surgeries, wound healing is better with reduced chance of surgical site infection in those wounds where only linea alba was closed with skin and subcutaneous tissue left open and secondary suturing was done after a week.
Neutrophil–Leucocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Bowel Viability in Incarcerated Hernia
Authors: Deepak T. K.
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

Incarcerated hernias can lead to bowel obstruction or strangulation, leading to loss of bowel viability. One of the changes occurring in our body during incarceration or strangulation of hernia is neutrophil leucocyte ratio (NLR) change. This relationship can be made use of for recognising hernia as, early or late leading to bowel ischaemia. It helps to decide safe non-operative management or early surgical intervention to prevent life-threatening complications. Primary objective of the study was to assess the predictive accuracy of preoperative neutrophil–leucocyte ratio and bowel viability amongst patients with incarcerated hernia. The secondary objective was to identify the relationship between preoperative neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio and bowel viability in incarcerated hernia.

Methodology:

This cross-sectional study which used diagnostic test evaluation was done with a sample size of 100 patients, after obtaining informed consent. Detailed history, physical examination and laboratory investigations were collected, and the need for bowel resection was assessed, surgery was carried out under aseptic precautions and checked for bowel viability and then comparison done with neutrophil–leucocyte ratio and data analysed using SPSS software (IBM-SPSS, New Delhi, India 2021) using Chi-square test.

Results:

The majority belonged to 51–60 years of age, 66 belonged to male gender and 31 patients underwent bowel resection. The mean neutrophil–leucocyte ratio was obtained as 0.84, and using the Chi-square test was found to be statistically significant in comparing relation between the ratio and bowel non-viability. The mean neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio was obtained as 11.1, and using the Chi-square test, there is a statistically significant relation between the ratio and bowel non-viability.

Conclusion:

Neutrophil–leucocyte ratio can be used as a predictive marker for early detection of non-viability of bowel. There is a statistically significant relation between the ratio and bowel non-viability.
Prevalence of Multi-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome Amongst Patients with Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Amma Preethi Thulasi Bhai , Nizarudeen A.
Published: August 2023

Background:

Approximately 20% of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) develop multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Factors which determine the severity of pancreatitis and the development of MODS are multiple and early identification may lower the morbidity and mortality. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scoring system has been shown to measure disease severity. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of MODS amongst patients with AP and to assess the factors associated with it.

Methodology:

All selected consecutive cases were interviewed for relevant history. Physical examination was done, and blood samples were tested. The prevalence of MODS amongst the patients was assessed using the SOFA scoring system, and the proportion of organ involvement was assessed. Several physical and aetiological factors and laboratory parameters were compared in those with and without MODS. Values were analysed using Chi-square test in SPSS.

Results:

Out of the 238 patients included, 46 (19.3%) developed MODS. There were 217 males and 21 females. Using SOFA scoring system score MODS, the most commonly involved organs were the liver (26%) and kidney (18%). Majority of MODS patients were elderly (age > 40 years; P = 0.014) and male sex (P = 0.004). Smoking (P = 0.015), hypertriglyceridaemia (P = 0.001), pancreatic cancer (P = 0.019) and body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.006) had a statistically significant relation. Serum amylase and lipase, total leucocyte count, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) also had statistically significant relation (P < 0.001). The mean serum amylase value in those with MODS was 4027.9U/L, serum lipase was 6168.9 IU/L, mean leucocyte count was 17,449.1 cells/mm3, serum CRP value was 5.7 mg/L, mean ESR was 36 mm/h and serum LDH was 600.7 IU.

Conclusions:

Pancreatic cancer and BMI had significant relation with MODS in AP. Biochemical markers such as serum amylase, Serum lipase, serum LDH, serum CRP, total leucocyte count and ESR had significant predictive value in detecting MODS in AP.
Open Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair – Case Experience in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Chirayath Manu Jose , Soumya Soman M. K. , Ramachandran Sreekumar
Published: August 2023

Background:

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) mostly affects men than women.

Materials and Methods:

This paper attempts to study the clinical and demographic profile of patients undergoing open surgical AAA repair. This case series is based on five successfully surgically repaired open AAA at the department of general surgery of a tertiary hospital.

Results:

All cases were male patients. All cases became well after the surgery. The mean hospital stay was 8.2 days.

Conclusion:

The study identifies the importance of vascular surgery in the successful outcome of these patients.
Next-Generation Sequencing in Breast Cancer Patients: Real-World Data for Precision Medicine
Authors: Lee Hyunwoo , Cho Yoon Ah , Kim Deok Geun , Cho Eun Yoon
Published: August 2023

Purpose Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death in females. Numerous drug-targetable biomarkers and predictive biomarkers have been developed. Some researchers have expressed doubts about the need for next-generation sequencing (NGS) studies in daily practice. This study analyzed the results of NGS studies on breast cancer at a single institute and evaluated the real-world applications of NGS data to precision medicine for breast cancer.Materials and Methods We retrospectively collected the results of NGS studies and analyzed the histopathologic features and genetic profiles of patients treated for breast cancer from 2010 to 2021. Seventy cases had data from CancerSCAN, a customized panel of 375 cancer-associated genes, and 110 cases had data from TruSight Oncology 500.Results The most frequently detected single nucleotide variant was the TP53 mutation (123/180, 68.3%), followed by PIK3CA muta-tions (51/180, 28.3%). Estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) mutation was detected in 11 patients (6.1%), of whom 10 had hormone receptor–positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative breast cancer, and two had no history of prior endocrine therapy. Based on their NGS study results, 13 patients (7.2%) received target therapy. Among them, four patients had a BRCA1 or BRCA2 germline mutation, and nine patients had a PIK3CA mutation.Conclusion NGS can provide information about predictive biomarkers and drug-targetable biomarkers that can enable treatment and participation in clinical trials based on precision medicine. Further studies should be conducted to excavate novel drug-targetable biomarkers and develop additional target therapies.
Advanced glycation end products: Key mediator and therapeutic target of cardiovascular complications in diabetes
Authors: Bansal Savita , Burman Archana , Tripathi Asok Kumar
Published: August 2023

The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is growing in epidemic proportions and has become one of the most critical public health concerns. Cardiovascular complications associated with diabetes are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The cardiovascular diseases that accompany diabetes include angina, myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral artery disease, and congestive heart failure. Among the various risk factors generated secondary to hyperglycemic situations, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are one of the important targets for future diagnosis and prevention of diabetes. In the last decade, AGEs have drawn a lot of attention due to their involvement in diabetic patho-physiology. AGEs can be derived exogenously and endogenously through various pathways. These are a nonhomogeneous, chemically diverse group of compounds formed nonenzymatically by condensation between carbonyl groups of reducing sugars and free amino groups of protein, lipids, and nucleic acid. AGEs mediate their pathological effects at the cellular and extracellular levels by multiple pathways. At the cellular level, they activate signaling cascades via the receptor for AGEs and initiate a complex series of intracellular signaling resulting in reactive oxygen species generation, inflammation, cellular proliferation, and fibrosis that may possibly exacerbate the damaging effects on cardiac functions in diabetics. AGEs also cause covalent modifications and cross-linking of serum and extracellular matrix proteins; altering their structure, stability, and functions. Early diagnosis of diabetes may prevent its progression to complications and decrease its associated comorbidities. In the present review, we recapitulate the role of AGEs as a crucial mediator of hyperglycemia-mediated detrimental effects in diabetes-associated complications. Furthermore, this review presents an overview of future perspectives for new therapeutic interventions to ameliorate cardiovascular complications in diabetes.
Ten-year review of trends in children with type 1 diabetes in England and Wales
Authors: Ng Sze M , Soni Astha
Published: August 2023

The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is growing in epidemic proportions and has become one of the most critical public health concerns. Cardiovascular complications associated with diabetes are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The cardiovascular diseases that accompany diabetes include angina, myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral artery disease, and congestive heart failure. Among the various risk factors generated secondary to hyperglycemic situations, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are one of the important targets for future diagnosis and prevention of diabetes. In the last decade, AGEs have drawn a lot of attention due to their involvement in diabetic patho-physiology. AGEs can be derived exogenously and endogenously through various pathways. These are a nonhomogeneous, chemically diverse group of compounds formed nonenzymatically by condensation between carbonyl groups of reducing sugars and free amino groups of protein, lipids, and nucleic acid. AGEs mediate their pathological effects at the cellular and extracellular levels by multiple pathways. At the cellular level, they activate signaling cascades via the receptor for AGEs and initiate a complex series of intracellular signaling resulting in reactive oxygen species generation, inflammation, cellular proliferation, and fibrosis that may possibly exacerbate the damaging effects on cardiac functions in diabetics. AGEs also cause covalent modifications and cross-linking of serum and extracellular matrix proteins; altering their structure, stability, and functions. Early diagnosis of diabetes may prevent its progression to complications and decrease its associated comorbidities. In the present review, we recapitulate the role of AGEs as a crucial mediator of hyperglycemia-mediated detrimental effects in diabetes-associated complications. Furthermore, this review presents an overview of future perspectives for new therapeutic interventions to ameliorate cardiovascular complications in diabetes.
Advances in cardiovascular-related biomarkers to predict diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Cheng Meng-Ke , Guo Yao-Yao , Kang Xiao-Nan , Zhang Lu , Wang Dan , Ren Hui-Hui , Yuan Gang
Published: August 2023

The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is growing in epidemic proportions and has become one of the most critical public health concerns. Cardiovascular complications associated with diabetes are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The cardiovascular diseases that accompany diabetes include angina, myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral artery disease, and congestive heart failure. Among the various risk factors generated secondary to hyperglycemic situations, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are one of the important targets for future diagnosis and prevention of diabetes. In the last decade, AGEs have drawn a lot of attention due to their involvement in diabetic patho-physiology. AGEs can be derived exogenously and endogenously through various pathways. These are a nonhomogeneous, chemically diverse group of compounds formed nonenzymatically by condensation between carbonyl groups of reducing sugars and free amino groups of protein, lipids, and nucleic acid. AGEs mediate their pathological effects at the cellular and extracellular levels by multiple pathways. At the cellular level, they activate signaling cascades via the receptor for AGEs and initiate a complex series of intracellular signaling resulting in reactive oxygen species generation, inflammation, cellular proliferation, and fibrosis that may possibly exacerbate the damaging effects on cardiac functions in diabetics. AGEs also cause covalent modifications and cross-linking of serum and extracellular matrix proteins; altering their structure, stability, and functions. Early diagnosis of diabetes may prevent its progression to complications and decrease its associated comorbidities. In the present review, we recapitulate the role of AGEs as a crucial mediator of hyperglycemia-mediated detrimental effects in diabetes-associated complications. Furthermore, this review presents an overview of future perspectives for new therapeutic interventions to ameliorate cardiovascular complications in diabetes.
Sequential treatment for diabetic foot ulcers in dialysis patients: A case report
Authors: Wang Jin-Jun , Yu Yuan-Yuan , Wang Pin-Yi , Huang Xian-Ming , Chen Xiao , Chen Xi-Guang
Published: August 2023

The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is growing in epidemic proportions and has become one of the most critical public health concerns. Cardiovascular complications associated with diabetes are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The cardiovascular diseases that accompany diabetes include angina, myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral artery disease, and congestive heart failure. Among the various risk factors generated secondary to hyperglycemic situations, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are one of the important targets for future diagnosis and prevention of diabetes. In the last decade, AGEs have drawn a lot of attention due to their involvement in diabetic patho-physiology. AGEs can be derived exogenously and endogenously through various pathways. These are a nonhomogeneous, chemically diverse group of compounds formed nonenzymatically by condensation between carbonyl groups of reducing sugars and free amino groups of protein, lipids, and nucleic acid. AGEs mediate their pathological effects at the cellular and extracellular levels by multiple pathways. At the cellular level, they activate signaling cascades via the receptor for AGEs and initiate a complex series of intracellular signaling resulting in reactive oxygen species generation, inflammation, cellular proliferation, and fibrosis that may possibly exacerbate the damaging effects on cardiac functions in diabetics. AGEs also cause covalent modifications and cross-linking of serum and extracellular matrix proteins; altering their structure, stability, and functions. Early diagnosis of diabetes may prevent its progression to complications and decrease its associated comorbidities. In the present review, we recapitulate the role of AGEs as a crucial mediator of hyperglycemia-mediated detrimental effects in diabetes-associated complications. Furthermore, this review presents an overview of future perspectives for new therapeutic interventions to ameliorate cardiovascular complications in diabetes.
Do arrestin oligomers have specific functions?
Authors: Gurevich Vsevolod V.
Published: August 2023

Arrestins are a small family of versatile regulators of cell signaling. Arrestins regulate signaling and trafficking of G protein-coupled receptors, regulate and direct to particular subcellular compartments numerous protein kinases, ubiquitin ligases, etc. Three out of four arrestin subtypes expressed in vertebrates self-associate, each forming oligomers of a distinct size and shape. While the structures of the solution oligomers of arrestin-1, -2, and -3 have been elucidated, no function specific for the oligomeric form of either of these three subtypes has been identified thus far. Considering how multi-functional average-sized (~45 kDa) arrestin proteins were found to be, it appears likely that certain functions are predominantly or exclusively fulfilled by monomeric and oligomeric forms of each subtype.
BİR SALÇA KONSERVELEME TESİSİNDE POKA-YOKE İLE HATA ÖNLEME UYGULAMASI
Authors: EROZAN İhsan , UYGAR Hümeyra
Published: August 2023

Günümüzde insansız sistemlerin Sanayi 4.0 ile yaygınlaşmasına rağmen halen emek yoğun çalışan birçok üretim sisteminin mevcut olduğu görülmektedir. Bu noktada poka-yoke, emek yoğun çalışan işgücünün hata yapmasını engelleyen ve hataların oluşmadan önlenmesini sağlayan bir yalın üretim aracı olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, bir salça konserveleme tesisinde üretimin son aşamalarından biri olan konserveye tarih basımı işlemindeki insan kaynaklı bir hata poka-yoke çalışması ile önlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Yapılan analiz ile işyeri düzeninin ve ürünü banda yerleştirme metodunun hatanın ana kaynağı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Geliştirilen poka-yoke sistemi ile belirlenen hatalar oldukça azaltılmıştır. Ayrıca yapılan iş yeri düzenleme çalışması ile hem hatalara neden olabilecek operatör duruşu ve istasyon pozisyonu düzeltilmiş hem de çalışanın daha ergonomik çalışması sağlanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda zaman ve maliyet avantajları elde edilmiştir.
İKİ AMAÇLI ÇOK SIRALI YERLEŞİM PROBLEMİ İÇİN BİR DİFERANSİYEL EVRİM ALGORİTMASI
Authors: ÇİMEN ÜNLÜKAL Ezgi , ÖZÇELİK Feriştah
Published: August 2023

Çok sıralı yerleşim problemi, gerçek hayatta sıklıkla karşılaşılan önemli bir tasarım problemidir. Bu çalışmada, toplam akış maliyetinin ve yerleşim alanının enküçüklenmesinin amaçlandığı çok sıralı yerleşim problemi ele alınmıştır. Problemin çözümü için bir diferansiyel evrim algoritması geliştirilmiştir. Önerilen algoritmanın başarısı literatürden alınan test problemleri ile sınanmıştır. Diferansiyel evrim algoritması ile tüm test problemlerinde en az bir tane yeni baskın çözüm edilmiştir. Ayrıca diferansiyel evrim algoritması ile özellikle toplam taşıma maliyeti için daha iyi değerler elde edilmiştir. İşletmeler için maliyetin önemi dikkate alındığında DEA’nın başarısı ortaya çıkmaktadır.
LEVEL OF MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS OF ATHLETES IN RELATION TO THEIR SPORTS PARTICIPATION
Authors: Rosario Mark Anthony B.
Published: August 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to measure the level of motivational factors of athletes in relation to their sports participation. The study reveals the highest and lowest motivational factors among athletes and the team that are perceived as most and least motivated. Methods and Materials: The study is quantitative in nature. A purposive sampling technique was chosen to get the sample from the population. The research sample consists of student-athletes from Far Eastern University. These student-athletes are enrolled in the academic year 2022-2023. The research is limited to seven (7) participating sports such as Athletics, Basketball, Cheering Squad, Dance Troupe, Table Tennis, Taekwondo, and Table Tennis. Each sport has seven (7) men and women, a total of ninety-eight (98) participants. The instrument used in this study is a standard questionnaire. The Sports Motivation Scale (SMS-28) of Pelletier et. al was used to measure the level of motivational factors of athletes in relation to their sports participation. The researcher used Weighted mean and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) in this study. Results: The study confirms that the level of motivational factors in the sports participation of athletes is high, with the supporting data of an overall mean of 3.32. The highest motivation factor is intrinsic motivation--to know, with an overall weighted mean of 3.79 and a verbal interpretation of extremely motivated, while the lowest factor is extrinsic motivation- external regulation with an overall weighted mean of 3.27 and a verbal interpretation of highly motivated. However, the researcher excludes amotivation in the choices since amotivation negatively impacts motivation. The athletics is the most motivated team, while the dance troupe is the least motivated team however these two teams have a verbal interpretation of highly motivated. The study also reveals that the alternative hypothesis should be rejected, and the null hypothesis should be accepted, Therefore, there are no significant differences in the motivational factors in sports participation of athletes. Conclusions: Since athletes have no significant differences in motivational factors and are perceived as high, there is good practice in learning new things and providing new experiences for athletes. Coaches need to always look for opportunities wherein their athletes learn best, and athletes need to maintain their extreme source of motivation.

 

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PERANCANGAN SISTEM PENGGAJIAN KARYAWAN PADA PT. MUSTIKA BAHARI
Authors: Kania Raden , Sulsiah Sulsiah
Published: August 2023

In the age of information technology as it now has made humans. Entering a new era, namely the information age that demands everything running fast, CV. Mustika Bahari is a company engaged in the industrial sector that has not implemented a computerized system so that existing payroll information for new employees can not be fulfilled optimally. To get information, the data processing. Slow can result in slow presentation, a problem that exists in CV. Mustika Bhari than the finance and admiistartion departemen. The design uses the waterfall method, data flow, and entity relationship diagram. The employee payroll system, because this computerized payroll information system can change work that was previously done manually and seems to take a long time to provide information and make a decision in doing attendance employee hiring employees
PERANCANGAN KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI PADA PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Dwiyatno Saleh , Sulistiyono Sulistiyono , Jubaedi Ahmad Dedi , Krisnaningsih Erni , Rakhmat Edy
Published: August 2023

Knowledge management systems in educational institutions are implemented as a form of increasing and utilizing resources and technology as knowledge assets in increasing competitive advantage. The ability of an educational institution regarding technology is a very important factor for the progress and development of the educational institution. At SDN Gelam 3, Serang City, the system should have been developed by utilizing technology. This is because, the problem that often occurs at SDN Gelam 3 Serang City is the lack of knowledge and ability to use technology, such as at the beginning of a new school year, each teacher collects learning outcomes in hardcopy form to the school administrator so that mistakes and lost files often occur. And besides that, there are differences in teaching materials between one teacher and another teacher. Through this research, researchers help build a knowledge management system by utilizing technology in the form of a website. This system will be created in the form of a website using the programming language PHP and MySQL as database management. And researchers did system design in the form of UML diagrams, user interfaces and databases. The results achieved are in the form of designing a knowledge management system that can support increasing the utilization of technological capabilities in learning