bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of digital technologies on the activities of law professionals and authorized mediators
Authors:   University of Political and Economic European Studies ", Mihalache Iurie ,   Constantin Stere",   , Republic of Moldova, Mihalescu Constantin ,   Institute of Legal, Political and Sociological Research, Republic of Moldova
Published: March 2022

The digitalization of the public system and, implicitly, of the justice system have been accelerated by the appearance of the Covid-19 virus. Legal professionals: judges, prosecutors, lawyers, legal advisers, bailiffs, mediators, etc., took full advantage of this facility offered by the digitalization tool. According to the agreement on the text of the Council’s conclusions draft regarding “Access to justice - capitalizing on the opportunities offered by digitalization” considering the reunion on 7th October 2020, the use of artificial intelligence tools should not affect the decision-making power of judges, nor the judicial independence. A legal decision must always be carried out by a human being and cannot be delegated to an artificial intelligence instrument”. We consider, thus, that the person who interprets a text of law must have a balanced approach, so as not to exceed the limits, and the law must be interpreted both in the letter and in its spirit. In order to be able to interpret the law in its spirit, that person must possess a true civic education integrating a multitude of disciplines. The evolution of current education tends to rather create individuals lacking a real civic education, fact which would lead, implicitly, to the training of individuals unable to pay due attention to the spirit of a legal act. Disadvantaged in this regard will be lawyers and mediators, in general, as they have to deal with situations involving a high dose of subjectivism.
Legislative issues regarding public policy documents in the management of labor migration. The case of the Republic of Moldova
Authors:   Moldova State University, Cebotari Mihail
Published: March 2022

The present research is conducted in a field that is at the crossroads of the disciplines of labor law, migration, and administrative law. The article will reflect some of the aspects of labor migration policies and policy documents with which the author interacts in his current activity, but especially as a result of the ex-post evaluation of the Migration and Asylum Strategy (2011 - 2020) as a National Consultant for the International Organization for Migration. As we will argue, the impact and role of policies and policy documents in the field of labor migration is little researched both nationally and internationally, however as we will mention in this article the role of the policy framework is significant for the field of labor migration. Also regarding the issue of protection of migrants’ rights, policy documents intervene in detail on aspects that are not regulated or are insufficiently covered by the current legal framework.
Organized crime: criminal liability for the crime of organizing illegal migration
Authors:   Moldova State University, Cojocari Ion
Published: March 2022

Organized crime is a complex phenomenon. The key elements of the content of this phenomenon are addressed differently in the doctrine and regulatory acts of the Member States of the United Nations. The fight against organized crime is one of the most important issues for the entire world communityat the moment. This concern stems from the global spread of this phenomenon. This article defines the concepts of organized criminal group and criminal organization. Particular attention is paid to the term “criminal association”. In the article, the aggravation is related to the international standards on the fight against organized crime. A comparative legal-criminal analysis of the European Union Standards in the fight against organized crime is carried out. According to the Association Agreement concluded between the Republic of Moldova and the European Union, our country undertakes: “to prevent and combat all forms of organized crime, trafficking in human beings and corruption, as well as to intensify its cooperation in the fight against terrorism.” Ensuring the protection of an “organized criminal group” or “criminal organization” is a positive obligation of the state, which must pursue the legal purpose set out in the European Convention on Human Rights.
The consequences of victimization of women and the establishment of measures to combat and prevent the victimization process
Authors:   National Institute of Justice, Republic of Moldova, Ştirbu Daniela
Published: March 2022

In the Republic of Moldova, most women, especially in rural areas, have the status of victims, thus having been assaulted and subjected to violence by their husbands or partners, and too few of them are aware that this violence is a crime and of course, these women do not know where to turn for help. A woman is a human being who belongs to the categories of victims with a high level of victim vulnerability. Victims have the right to be treated and respected with dignity. They have the fundamental right of access to the courts in order to defend their honor and to repair the caused damage under the legal provisions. To prevent this phenomenon, it is necessary to realize the complexity of this phenomenon, the reasons that cause victimization, to find out the means of combating victimization. In the fight against the phenomenon of victimization, which has a negative impact on the society, the prevention process plays an active and important part.
Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic and Quality of Life in Women Immediately after Childbirth: Observational Study
Authors: S Revathi. , Rijal Sukriti , Kumar Vijaya Krishna
Published: March 2022

Background: The pandemic has burst due to novel corona virus which is ruled out from Wuhan city, China. Therefore, it provided a chance to investigate about impacts of Covid-19 pandemic in women immediately after childbirth & quality of life that has settled to many people lifestyle especially in obstetrics.
Aim: To investigate about impacts of Covid-19 pandemic and quality of life in women immediately after childbirth.
Study Design: Observational study
Method: 100 sample sizes were taken between the age of 18-39 years based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. This survey is collected in standard demographic data and included questions that addresses topics such as quality of life, Covid-19 exposures, worries & lifestyle changes by using WHOQOL-BREF scale.
Result: The aim of the study was to find out the impacts of covid-19 pandemic on quality of life in women immediately after child birth. The significance level was set to p<0.05. There was a significant impact of Covid-19 pandemic on quality of life in women immediately after childbirth.
Conclusion: Centered on the result of the current study it is concluded that there was a significant impact of COVID-19 pandemic on quality of life in women immediately after childbirth because all the test shows p<0.05.

Key words: Covid-19, Childbirth, Quality of Life, Pandemic.
Strategic Plan and Limitations in Tackling Delta Variant Outbreak in Bangladesh
Authors: Zerin Tamanna , Haque Shahnaz , Jahan Sanzida
Published: March 2022

Since the early Covid-19 outbreak by novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the topical Delta variant is currently taking over on a worldwide basis due to its high transmissibility and moderate resistance to vaccines. The variant showed its dominance in India, where it was first isolated and then, spread to neighboring Bangladesh along the porous border. Here, we aim to emphasize the actions taken by the government of Bangladesh to limit the potential for over ascendancy, with all its limitations. From time to time, a group of measures was taken by the government to keep the outbreak under control since its first isolation on March 8, 2020, like quarantine, local or nationwide lockdown, enforced social distancing, contact monitoring, restrictions on international travel, financial support, building awareness and vaccination, etc. However, due to the long-term nature of the outbreak, with the concomitant rise and fall characteristics of the outbreak, as well as the people's socioeconomic state, all efforts have recently been futile. To combat the highly transmissible Delta, the government implemented lockdown and vaccination coverage as the priority. Nevertheless, public unawareness, inadequate hospital beds, high flow oxygen, ICU, and uneven distributions of diagnostic centers and hospitals throughout the country are the major challenges in managing the Delta variant outbreak. The default nature of the Delta variant like high transmissibility, higher morbidity and mortality, less sensitivity to vaccines, and infection in any age group might be the curse to combating the outbreak.

Key words: Covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, Delta, Bangladesh, Vaccination, Limitations.
Physical Rehabilitation of a Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy Patient - A Case Study
Authors: Rathi Namrata , Multani Pankhuri , Armarkar Anagha
Published: March 2022

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of motor deficits induced by non-progressive brain damage in children. CP is a geographic ailment that affects both developed and developing countries with equal frequency. The study's purpose is to help Cerebral Palsy patients better their rehabilitation. The child's problems are being unable to stand without assistance due to truncal imbalance, having poor cognitive and social conduct, and being unable to do daily living activities independently. Children with CP usually have normal anatomic hip alignment when they are born. A variety of factors influence development, including delayed motor milestones and soft tissue anomalies, such as a muscle tone imbalance with strong hip flexors and adductors vs weaker hip extensors and abductors. When the GMFCS was used to evaluate the patient, the diagnosis of Spastic Diplegia cerebral palsy was confirmed. Physiotherapy intervention has been demonstrated to be useful in minimizing problems and improving patient outcomes.
Results: These studies revealed the difficulty of evaluating children with cerebral palsy. Clinical PTs must be aware of these complications and the fact that more than one assessment may be required to capture the children with CP's specific skills and behaviors.
Conclusion: Because of PT therapy, the patient was able to control his posture, regulate his head and neck, and stand with limited assistance despite wearing a KAFO.

Key words: Cerebral palsy, Assessment, Spastic diplegia, Early intervention, Physiotherapy rehabilitation.
Synthesis, Photo- and Electrocatalytic Properties of Nanostructured Y-TiO2 Films
Authors:   V.I. Vernadsky Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Ukraine, Vorobets V. S. , Kolbasov G. Ya. ,   V.I. Vernadsky Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Ukraine, Medyk I.A. ,   National University "Kyiv-Mohyla Academy", Ukraine, Harashchenko A. Yu. ,   National University "Kyiv-Mohyla Academy", Ukraine, Karpenko S. V. ,   V.I. Vernadsky Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Ukraine, Oblovatna S. Ya. ,   V.I. Vernadsky Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Ukraine, Antoniuk N. G. ,   National University "Kyiv-Mohyla Academy", Ukraine
Published: March 2022

The electrocatalytically active films based on nanodispersed titanium dioxide modified by Y3+ ions and synthesized by the sol-gel method were characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and ultraviolet-visible photocurrent spectra. Electrocatalytic properties of the TiO2 and Y-TiO2 electrodes were investigated during the process of oxygen electro-reduction. The XRD results indicated that the TiO2 and Y-TiO2 powders with the yttrium content of 0.5–5 mol% calcined at 500 °C had an anatase crystal structure, with the crystallite size of 10–12 nm. The electrodes based on the Y-TiO2 films were photosensitive in a wavelength range of 250–400 nm. For all investigated samples with the Y (III) content of ≤ 5 mol%, both an increase in the photocurrent quantum yield and a shift of spectra towards longer wavelengths vs. those of the undoped TiO2 were observed. The photocurrent quantum yield for the Y-TiO2 samples first increased and then decreased with increasing the Y (III) content, and reached its maximum with 2% Y-TiO2 films. It was found that doping of the TiO2 films by Y (III) improves the catalytic activity of the Y-TiO2 electrodes in the reaction of oxygen electroreduction. A correlation between photo- and electrocatalytic properties and structural changes occurring in the TiO2 films upon yttrium doping has been revealed.
Chemical Etching of Cu98Be Alloy in Electrolyte Solutions
Authors:   Kharkіv National Automobile and Highway University, Ukraine, Egorova L. M. , Larin V. I. ,   bResearch Institute of Chemistry at V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Ukraine, Datsenko V. V. ,   Kharkіv National Automobile and Highway University, Ukraine
Published: March 2022

The process of chemical etching of Cu98Be alloy in solutions of various compositions was investigated. The rate of etching of beryllium bronze in the investigated solutions was deter-mined, and its change in time was studied. The selectivity of dissolution of the components of Cu98Be during prolonged etching in solutions of different electrolytes was established. A possibility of achieving uniform etching of Cu98Be alloy by varying the composition of the etching solution was shown. The concentrations of metal ions in the used etching solutions were determined, and the capacity of those solutions was calculated. The compositions of solutions with a high capacity for both alloy components during prolonged etching was estab-lished. The optimal compositions of etching solutions providing high-quality etching of beryl-lium bronze according to several criteria such as: a high process rate, uniform dissolution of alloy components, high capacity for both alloy components were proposed. The morphology of the Cu98Be electrode surface after etching in solutions, providing uniform dissolution for both alloy components, was studied. The absence of surface passivation after chemical etch-ing in these solutions was shown. The chemical nature of the compounds formed in the form of small inclusions on the etched surface of the electrode was established. The obtained results are of great importance in practical use because they allow selecting the appropriate composition of the etching solution, which, in turn, helps to optimize the technological etching process.
Study of the Electrical Conductivity of Magnetic Fluids
Authors:   Southwest State University, Russian Federation, Zhakin A.I. , Kuziko A. E. ,   Southwest State University, Russian Federation, Kuzmenko A. P. ,   Southwest State University, Russian Federation, Than Myo Min ,   Southwest State University, Russian Federation
Published: March 2022

The effects of electrical conductivity of magnetic fluids (MFls) are investigated both in the presence and in the absence of an external magnetic field (MF). It is shown that in MFls based on magnetite (Fe3O4) magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with the surfactant – oleic acid (OA), conductive ions are formed by OA molecules in both dissociation and electro-chemical processes. The decisive role of electrochemical reactions of OA molecules on the surface of chemically active Cu electrodes, which form injection conductivity, has been proved. The analysis of the anisotropy of the MFl electrical conductivity in an external MF with chemically active and silent electrodes is given. An interpretation is present-ed of nonstationary ionic processes in the near-electrode layers which de-termine the kinetics of MNPs and autowaves in thin layers of MFLs.
Modernization of Control of Switching-on the Circuits of a Two-Circuit Pulse Current Generator
Authors:   Institute of Pulse Processes and Technologies, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Blaschenko O. D. , Razmenov E. P. ,   Institute of Pulse Processes and Technologies, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Starkov I. M. ,   Institute of Pulse Processes and Technologies, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: March 2022

A possibility of developing control devices for switching on circuits in double-circuit pulse cur-rent generators in various discharge-pulse technologies is shown. The advantages of using those devices in the technology of a high-voltage electrochemical explosion are described, which requires a specific energy input based on the time delays between switching on the circuits. A scheme is proposed for automatically starting the second circuit in a double-circuit pulse current generator, which provides smooth (non-discrete) adjustment of the time delay of operation and realizing a wider range of delay times
Effects of an Acute Pain Service on Planned Ventral Wall Hernia Repair in a Matched Retrospective Cohort
Authors: Castelow Christopher D. , Herr Michael J. , Evans Cory R. , Jones Jerry W.
Published: March 2022

Background: An Acute Pain Service (APS) has been shown to improve patient outcomes and decrease complications by achieving adequate pain control and decreasing opioid use. However, it is less obvious if having a dedicated APS postoperatively directly translates to patient-centered or hospital cost benefits. This study aimed to determine if there was a cost benefit between a matched cohort of patients with and without a dedicated APS after a planned ventral wall hernia repair. Methods: A historical cohort study was conducted. After 1:1 matching, 40 patients were included for analysis. The non-APS group received a thoracic epidural postoperatively managed by the anesthesiology department. The APS group received various continuous peripheral nerve blocks and analgesia exclusively managed by a dedicated APS. Data was recorded for each group regarding surgical techniques, postoperative complications, opioid use and induced side effects, hospital length of stay, and resource utilization for both groups. Results: Compared to the non-APS group, adjusted opioid consumption per day was almost half in the APS group (P= 0.0067). The average hospital length of stay was 3.4 days less (P= 0.0401) , and there was a statistically significant reduction in several recovery milestones that likely contributed to a timely discharge in the APS group. After factoring costs of APS utilization, the APS was shown to save an average of $5,440.59 of total cost per patient. Discussion: The addition of a dedicated postoperative APS significantly reduced opioid consumption and improved outcomes of patients and resulted in reduced healthcare costs.
Role Closed Incision Negative Pressure Therapy in the Management of Keystone Flap in Lower Limb Defect
Authors: Thomas Neljo , Chittoria Ravi Kumar , Reddy K Sriharsha
Published: March 2022

The keystone flap is a new flap design that has been added to the arsenal of cosmetic surgeons. The keystone flap is a type of flap that can be used to close soft tissue abnormalities using the local skin. It can be employed in a variety of situations. In the care of a keystone flap to repair a deficiency over the lower limb defect following a road traffic accident, we used closed incision negative pressure therapy.
The Muqtadhal Haal Da’wah of K.H. Dalhar and Its Relevance in Modern Society
Authors: Rodiyah Muslichatul , Abdurahman Dudung , Dermawan Andy
Published: March 2022

This study seeks to explore the format of the Muqtadhal Haal da’wah of Kiai Dalhar and its implementation and relevance for modern society. The research uses a historical and socio-anthropological approach, referring to Clifford Geertz’s “thick description” theory and Habermas’ “communication” theory. The research was conducted using the historical method. The results show that the Muqtadhal Haal da’wah is a da’wah that is carried out through communication actions that are built by placing the dai (Islamic preacher) and da’wah targets in an equal position. A dai does not deliver the da’wah material orally before the da’wah targets ask. A dai in delivering his da’wah will try to adapt the materials, methods and media to the psychological, sociological, anthropological and intellectual capacities of the da’wah targets. Da’wah is not carried out in a harsh, rigid and revolutionary way, on the contrary, it is carried out in a polite, gentle, touching manner, and proceeds according to the circumstances of the da’wah targets. The implementation of da’wah applies transcendental, contextual, sentimental and harmonization strategies. The dialectic of democratic communication in the application of the Muqtadhal Haal Kiai Dalhar’s da’wah is very effective in the development of Islam in Central Java, so that the da’wah model can be used as an alternative to da’wah in modern society today.
La negociación del pacto de 1045 entre el Reino de Granada y la Corona de Aragón
Authors: Labarta Ana
Published: March 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es entender el proceso de negociación que desembocó en la firma del tratado de no-agresión, ayuda mutua y libre circulación de personas y mercancías entre las coronas de Aragón, Sicilia y Granada. Se basa en el propio tratado y en una serie de misivas, cartas credenciales, memoriales de instrucciones, oficios de remisión y el texto alternativo de una cláusula, copiados en los registros reales, que suplen los originales hoy perdidos y arrojan una luz tenue pero suficiente para seguir los movimientos que tuvieron lugar durante los tratos. El trabajo está dividido en tres partes. En la primera, se identifica a las partes y a los mediadores, recogiendo los principales datos biográficos sobre los personajes citados por los documentos, resumiendo los que se refieren a los más conocidos y desarrollando los de los menos conocidos. En la segunda parte se estudia detenidamente el proceso de negociación del tratado, describiendo sus distintas fases, según se derivan de los documentos. Muestra cuáles fueron los puntos conflictivos y las posturas de cada bando y cuáles las soluciones hasta llegar al acuerdo final. En la tercera parte se editan los documentos en toda su extensión, siguiendo criterios actuales y se recopilan agrupados cronológicamente. Algunos se reeditan, revisándolos a partir de los originales, otros sólo se conocían por su regesta o referencias y se editan aquí por primera vez, junto con algunos que había pasado desapercibidos hasta hoy
Una Masonería desconocida
Authors: Vallejo García Hevia José María
Published: March 2022

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Parámetros históricos y jurídicos, romanos y medievales, para la protección de recursos naturales
Authors: Suárez Blázquez Guillermo
Published: March 2022

Estudio de los fundamentos y los materiales históricos y jurídicos, romanos y medievales, para la protección universal de los recursos naturales.

Sumario: I. Introducción. I.1 Ius Naturale: recursos y cosas «quaedam enim naturali iure communia sunt omnium». I.2 Perspectiva de la jurisprudencia romanaI.2.1 Ius Gentium: recursos y cosas omnes gentes iure utuntur. I.2.1.1 Roma y los recursos públicos: la intervención jurídica del Estado en los bienes comunesuniversales de la humanidad. II. La idea jurídica de la defensa de los intereses patrimoniales comunes de la humanidad en el derecho medieval. II.1 La idea jurídica de la defensa de los intereses patrimoniales comunes en el derecho visigodo. II.2 La idea jurídica de la defensa de los intereses patrimoniales comunes de la humanidad en el derecho medieval de Las Siete Partidas. III. La protección del uso colectivo de los recursos naturales en la Inglaterra Medieval: La Carta Magna de 1215.
«Grandes analogías»: Líneas de conexión entre España e Italia en el debate jurídico sobre el progreso técnico
Authors: Martello Francesca
Published: March 2022

El progreso técnico entre los siglos xix y xx y, en particular, la difusión de dispositivos modernos como el teléfono, la electricidad y el automóvil, planteó nuevas cuestiones y dio lugar a relaciones jurídicas hasta entonces desconocidas, lo que puso de relieve numerosas lagunas normativas en los ordenamientos jurídicos de los países europeos. Esto activó líneas de circulación del derecho entre los Estados, con el fin de generar intercambios de ideas y soluciones jurídicas. La circulación de las estrategias normativas y doctrinales relativas a las innovaciones técnicas de Italia a España representa, debido a la afinidad entre los dos países, un perfil de investigación ideal para analizar las ideas jurídicas transmitidas, los canales de comunicación y los métodos de recepción y reelaboración de las soluciones jurídicas transfieren de un contexto nacional a otro. Las traducciones, revisiones y citas de obras y contribuciones italianas contenidas en monografías y revistas jurídicas y no jurídicas españolas, comparadas con los originales y con los hechos biográficos de sus autores, nos permiten reconstruir con precisión las metamorfosis sufridas por los conceptos jurídicos aplicados en Italia para regular las innovaciones técnicas. Las conclusiones no solo ponen de relieve la estrecha interacción entre Italia y España, sino que también revelan una compleja red de líneas de conexión de dimensión europea, que ha contribuido decisivamente a llenar los vacíos legales originados por las innovaciones tecnológicas.
Entre los derechos de las mujeres y el poder judicial: el divorcio durante la Segunda República española (1931-1936)
Authors: Pérez Trujillano Rubén
Published: March 2022

Este artículo aborda la intervención judicial en el proceso de capacitación civil de las mujeres en su camino hacia la ciudadanía durante la Segunda República española (1931-1936). Así, se estudian los impedimentos creados para que las mujeres pudieran tener acceso a los puestos judiciales. Se desgajarán de esta premisa algunas ideas sobre la hegemonía del discurso machista en distintos cuerpos estatales, y no solo en la administración de justicia, así como sus perniciosas repercusiones en lo tocante a la eficacia jurídica, y no ya la efectividad, de la legislación progresista y la Constitución de 1931 (II). A continuación, se analizan fuentes documentales a efectos de decantar el discurso judicial relativo a la prescripción de un modelo de familia y de mujer con arreglo a pautas preconstitucionales. El divorcio fue uno de los grandes avances republicanos en materia de igualdad, por lo que el estudio detenido de su aplicación prácticasirve para conocer cómo la interpretación judicial moduló el ejercicio y el contenido de los derechos recién reconocidos (III). Por último, se remarcan algunas conclusiones alrededor de la subjetividad jurídica de las mujeres que se derivaba de la praxis judicial en estos planos: el del divorcio pero, también, el de la capacidad para contratar, para administrar y disponer de bienes y, en fin, para participar en la vida civil y hacer valer sus intereses y derechos judicialmente. Todos ellos permiten afirmar que la femenina fue una ciudadanía disminuida por la acción de los tribunales (IV).
Los enemigos de la II República, 1931-1933
Authors: Martín Martín Sebastián
Published: March 2022

El régimen republicano trató de desplegar sus reformas en un contexto marcado por la confrontación revolucionaria y conspirativa contra el nuevo Estado. Para tratar de romper con el pasado dictatorial, se ensayó un experimento de justicia transicional con el que depurar las responsabilidades en que habían incurrido los autores del golpe de 1923. Para consolidar las nuevas instituciones democráticas, se pusieron en práctica dispositivos represivos de carácter excepcional dirigidos contra la insurrección anarquista y el golpismo monárquico. El estudio presente aborda el marco teórico que los legitimó y los debates públicos que suscitaron. En lugar de someter a crítica retrospectiva aquellos mecanismos como ha sido habitual, se intentan identificar los principios que explican que fuesen aceptados por la mayoría parlamentaria de entonces. Para lograr tal objetivo, utilizo principalmente fuentes parlamentarias y los discursos y diarios de Manuel Azaña.
La imperial Constitución de Inglaterra para sus eminentes juristas victorianos
Authors: Vallejo García-Hevia José María
Published: March 2022

El constitucionalismo británico, basado en una Constitución no escrita, la de la Inglaterra medieval y moderna, que por ello necesariamente ha de ser descrita, al identificarse con su compleja Historia constitucional requiere de mediación interpretativa doctrinal. Una interpretación que se consolidó en el siglo xix, durante el largo reinado de Victoria (1837-1901), y que, en líneas generales, se mantiene prácticamente hasta nuestros días. La obra de dos influyentes juristas victorianos, estrictamente coetáneos en sus vidas paralelas, el constitucionalista Albert Venn Dicey (1835-1922), y el internacionalista James Bryce (1838-1922), promotor de la Sociedad de Naciones (1919- 1946), permite conocer los fundamentos y los límites de dicha doctrina constitucional, basada en la soberanía parlamentaria y el imperio de la ley (rule of law). Ambos miembros de la generación de liberales universitarios actualizaron e hicieron uso de la vieja teoría, tan difusa como confusa, de los caracteres nacionales, desvelando, así, la lógica jurídica y política del poder de los imperios, con su consideración adjetiva, que no sustantiva, de las libertades individuales. Considerado el imperialismo británico un resultado directo  el carácter nacional, con su retórica sobre la misión civilizadora, ello propició que fuese estimado el Common Law como parte del carácter nacional británico frente al despótico Droit Administratif francés. Aunque partidario Bryce de una reforma federal del Imperio, frente a Dicey que la negaba, ambos autores evidenciaron, sin embargo, cuáles eran los límites constitucionales victorianos, al desconocer, desestimar o mostrarse contrarios al sufragio femenino, el ascenso del  colectivismo en la legislación, la cuestión social y la movilización obrera, la actividad sindical, la lucha de clases, la reforma del colonialismo, la ilegitimidad de los regímenes autocráticos extranjeros, la creciente complejidad burocrática y gubernativa, la imparable imposición de la sociedad de masas y su opinión pública, la influencia del sistema de partidos y la democracia de masas en el Parlamento, la corrupción y el fraude electoral, o la crisis de la representación y la profesionalización políticas.
Impaired autophagy as an etiological factor of various disease entities
Authors: Kocot Aleksandra , Wróblewska Barbara
Published: March 2022

Autofagia jest konserwatywnym procesem polegającym na lizosomalnym trawieniu uszkodzonych organelli komórkowych, patogenów i niefunkcjonalnych białek, co warunkuje utrzymanie równowagi komórkowej. Proces ten stanowi alternatywne źródło energii dla komórki w warunkach stresowych indukowanych głodzeniem, czynnikami chemicznymi czy niedotlenieniem. W ostatnich latach wzrosło zainteresowanie autofagią, a jej dysfunkcjonalność uznawana jest za jeden z czynników sprzyjających rozwojowi zróżnicowanych jednostek chorobowych. Prawdopodobieństwo występowania chorób, takich jak nowotwory, choroby układu sercowo-naczyniowego czy choroby neurodegeneracyjne wzrasta wraz z wiekiem, a proces autofagii ulega hamowaniu w starzejącym się organizmie, co dodatkowo wskazuje na udział upośledzonej autofagii w patogenezie wielu chorób. W związku z tym, działania ukierunkowane na modyfikację szlaków związanych z autofagią wskazywane są jako potencjalne narzędzie terapeutyczne. W niniejszym przeglądzie prezentujemy wybrane choroby, których przyczyn upatruje się w zaburzonej autofagii, wskazujemy także potencjalne możliwości terapeutyczne oraz podkreślamy dychotomiczną rolę autofagii, szczególnie
w procesie nowotworzenia.
Security above freedom? Compulsory vaccinations against COVID-19 as a controversial measure of ensuring health security.
Authors: Kowalski Wawrzyniec
Published: March 2022

Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie kontrowersji, związanych ze stosowaniem przez władze poszczególnych państw środka gwarantowania bezpieczeństwa zdrowotnego, jakim są przymusowe szczepienia. Dopuszczalność przyznania szczepieniom przeciwko zakażeniu wirusem SARS-CoV-2 statusu obowiązkowych rodzi pytanie, jakie są dopuszczalne granice ingerencji w sferę wolności jednostki. Problem ten tym samym związany jest zarówno z systemami ochrony praw człowieka, jak i postrzeganiem istoty bezpieczeństwa przez władze publiczne. Wskazano, że
istota problemów i kontrowersji, związanych z ewentualnym ustanowieniem obowiązkowych szczepień, ma nie tyle charakter sporu o podłożu prawnym, lecz dotyczy politycznego i społecznego, a nawet kulturowego wymiaru sprawy.
The course of tick-borne encephalitis based on a case report
Authors: Rustecka Agnieszka , Leszczyńska-Pilich Michalina , Tomaszewska Agata
Published: March 2022

Kleszczowe zapalenie mózgu jest najczęstszą wirusową chorobą przenoszoną przez kleszcze w Polsce. Dokładna liczba przypadków jest znacznie niedoszacowana z powodu rzadko wykonywanych badań w tym kierunku podczas diagnostyki chorób infekcyjnych wskazujących na zajęcie ośrodkowego układu nerwowego. Objawy kleszczowego zapalenia mózgu są niespecyficzne. Badanie stężenia przeciwciał w surowicy krwi w kierunku kleszczowego zapalenia mózgu należy rozważyć w sytuacji wystąpienia choroby w okresie czerwiec-październik oraz dodatniego wywiadu w kierunku ukłucia przez kleszcza. Lepsza wykrywalność zakażenia wirusem kleszczowego zapalenia mózgu
pozwoliłaby na redukcję liczby wykonywanych badań oraz stosowanego leczenia farmakologicznego, w tym zbędnej antybiotykoterapii.
Report from 53rd Annual Meeting of European Society for Paediatric Nephrology
Authors: Jobs Katarzyna
Published: March 2022

Artykuł dotyczy sprawozdania z Konferencji ESPN, która odbyła się w Amsterdamie w 2021 roku
Mucormycosis and COVID-19
Authors: Kubiak Jacek
Published: March 2022

This article presents the current situation regarding the spread of mucormycosis. Since mucormycosis is a very poorly known disease in Poland, we present here only the most important facts and observations regarding the relationship of this mycosis with COVID-19. We are dealing with a wave of infections, mainly in India, caused by the so-called black fungus. The increase in the number of infections and their spread also outside of India is directly related to the COVID-19 pandemic, and more specifically to the use of drugs containing corticosteroids or
anti-interleukins, such as tocilizumab, which suppress the patients’ immune system. There are voices of specialists warning against underestimating mucormycosis and related mycoses, such as aspergillosis, and calling for more research on these diseases to find effective treatments and eventual preventive measures.
GAMIFICAÇÃO COMO ESTRATÉGIA PARA O ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM DE ENGENHARIA
Authors: Marques Cristian Teixeira , Galante Jéssica Alves
Published: March 2022

O grande desafio deste início de século é a crescente busca por metodologias pedagógicas inovadoras capazes de ultrapassar os limites do treinamento puramente técnico e tradicional. Em meio a tantas técnicas, uma das mais utilizadas é a Gamificação. Nesse sentido buscou-se comparar o ensino de uma disciplina de engenharia, aplicado de duas formas distintas, com e sem gamificação, e medir o impacto na participação, engajamento e aprendizagem dos alunos. Como resultado, é possível de se concluir que os alunos que foram expostos a gamificação apresentaram mais interesse em participar das aulas e também reflexo na medição de desempenho através de notas superiores ao ensino tradicional.
Identitas Yesus Sebagai Anak Allah Menurut Lukas 3:21-22
Authors: Mayabubun Liberatus , Luturmas Johanis
Published: March 2022

This essay discusses the identity of Jesus as the Son of God according to Luke 3:21-22. By using the historical-critical method, the author intends to underline the main message of  Luke 3:21-22 that witnesses Jesus Christ as the Son of God. His identity comes from God Himself. At the baptism in the Jordan river, God declared before many people that Jesus was His beloved Son. The identity of Jesus as the Son of God reveals a special relationship between Jesus and His Father. The relationship is not a biological relationship between father and son, but a divine one. Jesus is the Son of God who was anointed to bring salvation to mankind.
ТАКТИКА ЭКСПЕРТНОГО ОСМОТРА ПРИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ СУДЕБНОЙ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ЭКСПЕРТИЗЫ ПОВЕРХНОСТНЫХ ВОД
Authors: Bulavina E.N.
Published: March 2022

Экспертный осмотр является самостоятельной стадией судебно-экспертного экологического исследования. Целью экспертного осмотра является получение представлений о характере и состоянии объектов, масштабах антропогенного воздействия, выяснение условий способствующих распространению воздействия, а так же характер воздействия на компоненты окружающей среды. Экспертный осмотр включает в себя несколько самостоятельных его видов. В статье рассмотрены тактические действия эксперта при проведении экспертного осмотра.
Ключевые слова: тактика экспертного осмотра, экспертный осмотр, антропогенное воздействие, компоненты окружающей среды, причинно-следственные связи, источник антропогенного воздействия.
НАУКА ОБ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИИ СПЕЦИАЛЬНЫХ ЗНАНИЙ (СУДЕБНАЯ ЭКСПЕРТОЛОГИЯ): ПОНЯТИЕ, СУЩНОСТЬ И СТРУКТУРА
Authors: Dyakonova O.G.
Published: March 2022

Проведенное исследование правовой категории с использованием специальных знаний позволило сделать вывод о необходимости выделения укрупненного правового образования – макроинститута. Изучение и разработку теоретических положений и практических рекомендаций по использованию специальных знаний предлагается оптимально осуществлять в рамках науки – судебная экспертология. В представленной статье отражены отдельные результаты исследования по реализации правовых институтов судебной экспертизы, участия специалиста, а также экспертизы в иных видах юрисдикционной деятельности и ряда других, входящих в правовой макроинститут использования специальных знаний. Предложения, выработанные на основе экспертологического подхода вполне могут быть положены в основу реформирования законодательства о судебно-экспертной деятельности и участии специалиста в судопроизводстве и других видах юрисдикционной деятельности.
Ключевые слова: специальные знания, судебная экспертиза, участие специалиста, наука, судебная экспертология.
Extrato pirolenhoso na germinação de sementes forrageiras
Authors: Rocha Fabiano Teles da , Cruz Igor Vilela , Leite Hugo Mota Ferreira , França Neto Adjalma Campos de , Ferreira Elvino
Published: March 2022

O aproveitamento do material lignocelulósico não comestível representa uma importante fonte de energia para a humanidade e dele se obtêm produtos derivados como o extrato pirolenhoso. Com esse trabalho se avaliou o uso de dois tipos de extratos pirolenhosos (o preto – EPP e o amarelo – EPA) nas diluições de 2,5; 5; 10; 20% (v v-1) na germinação de semestres de Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, Brachiaria brizantha cv. MG5 e milho híbrido AG 1051, em câmara germinadora. De forma geral o aumento das concentrações de EPP promoveu redução no desenvolvimento de caule e raiz, mas promovendo-o para MG5 na concentração de 2,5%. EPA não permitiu o desenvolvimento das sementes de Mombaça e MG5 em qualquer das concentrações e, para o milho, mas maiores concentrações. Para as menores (2,5 e 5,0%) houve redução no desenvolvimento dos meristemas. Já com 10% EPP houve a promoção para radícula. Para as sementes de Mombaça 2,5% EPP foi vantajoso no coeficiente de velocidade de germinação e elevou a proporção relativa de germinação em oito pontos percentuais para as sementes de Mombaça e, em 11 pontos percentuais, as sementes de MG5.
Manufacture of humus from plant residues
Authors: Amaya Naina Lissette Ramon , Cobeña Lourdes Sthefania Aguirre , Gualpa Titania Luviquenia Alava , Ochoa Anggie Daysi Flores , Suarez Cindy Brithany Freire
Published: March 2022

Humus is a substance that is created from the decomposition of plant residues with the help of beneficial microorganisms (fungi and bacteria) present in the surface layer of soil, with a massive amorphous consistency, homogeneous and dark in color due to a large amount of carbon it contains, and which is essential to sustain the total soil ecosystem since it helps maintain available nutrients for the plants. The objectives achieved are the elaboration of organic humus from vegetable residues within the homes, to generate a product that contributes to the improvement of the soil, through the methodology of the surveys, favorable results were obtained for the realization of the organic humus, in the same way, it concludes that by elaborating organic humus, the plants have better growth and therefore it is an aid to the environment since through this technique we can reduce and apply the use of vegetable residues, which will become organic matter and reach to reduce pollution in all homes, contribute to the soil and restore the proper nutrients to obtain adequate fertilization without the increase of chemicals harmful to humans.
ANALISIS PELAKSANAAN SISTEM PEMBIAYAAN MUSYARAKAH PADA BANK SUMSEL BABEL CABANG PEMBANTU SYARI’AH MUARA KELINGI
Authors: Niffilayani Anita
Published: March 2022

Musyarakah adalah akad kerjasama antara dua pihak untuk usaha tertentu, dimana kedua belah pihak sama-sama menyertakan modal yang masing- masing disebut dengan syirkah. Ketentuan modal tergantung kesepakatan kedua belah pihak dan bagi hasil sesuai dengan porsi modal masing-masing. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Pelaksanaan pembiayaan musyarakah pada Bank Sumsel Babel Cabang Pembantu Syari’ah Muara Kelingi dalam hal kerja sama dan pembagian kerugian belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan ketentuan dasar pembiayaan musyarakah, seperti yang telah ditetapkan dalam Fatwa Dewan Syari’ah Nasional Nomor 08/DSN-MUI/IV/2000 tentang pembiayaan musyarakah. Faktor pendukung pelaksanaan sistem pembiayaan musyarakah adalah Modal, yaitu dana yang digunakan untuk pembiayaan musyarakah merupakan dana yang bersumber dari dana APBD, Tingkat promosi yang baik dan Proyek, yaitu banyaknya pembangunan dan perbaikan infrastruktur transportasi khususnya di daerah musi Rawas dan Lubuk Linnggau. Sedangkan faktor penghambatnya adalah Kurangnya minat nasabah terhadap perbankan Syari’ah terutama tentang pembiayaan dengan sistem bagi hasil, dan ketidak jujuran nasabah dalam memberikan informasi tentang laporan keuangan hasil usaha yang dijalani.
Analisis Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 Terhadap Perekonomian Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Khoirudin Ahmad
Published: March 2022

Covid-19 adalah virus baru yang awalnya  muncul di Wuhan, China. Covid-19 telah menjadi musibah bersama, termasuk Indonesia dan terkhusus provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Penelitian ini menghasilkan:  1) Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak negatif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Dimana pada tahun 2020 pertumbuhan ekonomi Provinsi Sumatera Selatan turun hingga -0,11 dari angka 5,96 di tahun 2019. 2) Covid-19 perpengaruh positif terhadap kemiskinan dimana pandemi covid-19 meningkatkan jumlah kemiskinan dan pengangguran, sehingga dapat diartikan bahwa pandemi ini berdampak negatif terhadap perekonomian.

Covid-19 is a new virus that originally appeared in Wuhan, China. Covid-19 has become a common disaster, including Indonesia and in particular the province of South Sumatra. This research resulted in: 1) The Covid-19 pandemic had a negative impact on the economic growth of South Sumatra Province. Where in 2020 the economic growth of South Sumatra Province fell to -0.11 from 5.96 in 2019. 2) Covid-19 has a positive effect on poverty where the Covid-19 pandemic increases the number of poverty and unemployment, so it can be interpreted that this pandemic negative impact on the economy.
METATAXONOMIA COMPARATIVA DAS REGIÕES V2V3 vs. V4 DO GENE 16S EM AMOSTRAS DE LEITE BOVINO
Authors: Sartori G. S. , Clemente L. G. , Trevisoli P. A. , Tizioto P. C. , Coutinho L. L. , Coutinho L. L.
Published: March 2022

A produtividade do leite é influenciada por diversos fatores, dentre eles pela ação de microrganismos deteriorantes e patogênicos. A forma padrão para identificação desses microrganismos é por meio de cultura; porém, atualmente tem-se utilizado tecnologias moleculares, como sequenciamento, que podem fornecer resultados mais rápidos e precisos, identificando muitos microrganismos de uma só vez e de maneira independente do cultivo. O objetivo deste trabalho portanto, é comparar o perfil microbiano do leite, utilizando uma nova região (V2V3) do gene 16S e verificar qual das regiões (V2V3 ou V4) tem melhor capacidade de diferenciação taxonômica a nível de gênero e espécie dos principais microrganismos do leite bovino. Para esta finalidade foram realizadas reações de PCR em 96 amostras de leite, para amplificar a região V2V3 e, em seguida, foi feito o sequenciamento e análise bioinformática. Os resultados obtidos possibilitaram a comparação a nível de gênero e espécie de ambas as regiões, concluindo que a escolha da melhor região dependerá exclusivamente do objetivo da pesquisa com base no grupo de microrganismos de interesse para identificação, pois cada região é capaz de melhor classificar taxonomicamente um grupo em detrimento a outro.
AVALIAÇÃO DA ESTABILIDADE TÉRMICA DE BLENDAS DE CELULOSE BACTERIANA/CARBOXIMETILCELULOSE INCORPORADAS COM EXTRATO DE LICOPENO PARA APLICAÇÃO EM EMBALAGENS ALIMENTÍCIAS
Authors: Lima A. C. A. , Caetano V. F. , Vinhas G. M.
Published: March 2022

A embalagem de alimentos desempenha um papel importante na segurança de alimentos. Devido a problemas ambientais e econômicos causados pelos polímeros não-biodegradáveis, o uso de biopolímeros vem se tornando uma alternativa ambientalmente ecológica. Dentre os biopolímeros mais estudados para aplicação em embalagens alimentícias, tem-se a celulose bacteriana (CB). Isso pode ser atribuído às suas características de biodegradabilidade, de biocompatibilidade, de alta cristalinidade e alta resistência à tração. Neste trabalho, foram desenvolvidas blendas de CB e carboximetilcelulose (CMC) com e sem aditivação de licopeno (LIC), como proposta para uma embalagem comestível destinada aos alimentos. A partir dos resultados obtidos, verificou-se que as membranas produzidas se apresentaram opacas e homogêneas; as que foram aditivadas com licopeno apresentaram coloração avermelhada. A partir da análise termogravimétrica (TGA), foi observado que a membrana de CB/CMC e CB/CMC/LIC apresentaram estabilidade térmica semelhantes, entretanto, a temperatura de degradação máxima da blenda com licopeno foi superior à da blenda sem o licopeno.
ASPECTO QUÍMICO E BIOATIVADADE DA JACA (Artocarpus heterophyllus): UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Sousa C. D. T. , Benjamim M. A. , Silva M. T. G. , Leite D. O. D. , Sousa E. O.
Published: March 2022

Artocarpus heterophyllus é uma árvore perene distribuída em regiões tropicais, e seu fruto (jaca) é conhecido como o maior fruto arbóreo do mundo. Está entre as espécies mais estudadas do gênero Artocarpus, de forma que, suas partes têm sido alvo do interesse em estudos fitoquímicos e biológicos. Os componentes isolados e atividades biológicas de A. heterophyllus constituíram o objetivo desta revisão sistemática. O estudo foi conduzido usando os mecanismos de pesquisa científica “Web of Science”, “Science direct”, “Pubmed”, “researchgate”, “Scielo” e “Scirus”, com dados definidos de 2013 a 2020. Nesta revisão, observou-se um total de 82 constituintes isolados e identificados e expressiva predominância de flavonoides. As atividades biológicas que se destacaram foram: antioxidante, anti-inflamatória, citotóxica, anticancerígena, antiHIV, antiproliferativa, antidiabética e antibacteriana. Os aspectos considerados nesta revisão, permitiram uma avaliação do potencial fitoquímico e biológico de A. heterophyllus.