bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved sleep, cognitive processing and enhanced learning and memory task accuracy with Yoga nidra practice in novices
Authors: Datta Karuna , Bhutambare Anna , V. L. Mamatha , Narawa Yogita , Srinath Rajagopal , Kanitkar Madhuri
Published: December 2023

Complementary and Alternative medicine is known to have health benefits. Yoga nidra practice is an easy-to-do practice and has shown beneficial effects on stress reduction and is found to improve sleep in insomnia patients. Effect of yoga nidra practice on subjective sleep is known but its effect on sleep and cognition objectively is not documented. The aim of the study was to study the effect of yoga nidra practice on cognition and sleep using objective parameters. 41 participants were enrolled, and baseline sleep diary (SD) collected. Participants volunteered for overnight polysomnography (PSG) and cognition testing battery (CTB) comprising of Motor praxis test, emotion recognition task (ERT), digital symbol substitution task, visual object learning task (VOLT), abstract matching (AIM), line orientation task, matrix reasoning task, fractal-2-back test (NBACK), psychomotor vigilance task and balloon analog risk task. Baseline CTB and after one and two weeks of practice was compared. Power spectra density for EEG at central, frontal, and occipital locations during CTB was compared. Repeat SD and PSG after four weeks of practice were done. After yoga nidra practice, improved reaction times for all cognition tasks were seen. Post intervention compared to baseline (95%CI; p-value, effect size) showed a significant improvement in sleep efficiency of +3.62% (0.3, 5.15; p = 0.03, r = 0.42), -20min (-35.78, -5.02; p = 0.003, d = 0.84) for wake after sleep onset and +4.19 μV2 (0.5, 9.5; p = 0.04, r = 0.43) in delta during deep sleep. Accuracy increased in VOLT (95% CI: 0.08, 0.17; p = 0.002, d = 0.79), AIM (95% CI: 0.03, 0.12; p = 0.02, d = 0.61) and NBACK (95% CI: 0.02, 0.13; p = 0.04, d = 0.56); ERT accuracy increased for happy, fear and anger (95% CI: 0.07, 0.24; p = 0.004, d = 0.75) but reduced for neutral stimuli (95% CI: -0.31, -0.12; p = 0.04, r = 0.33) after yoga nidra practice. Yoga Nidra practice improved cognitive processing and night-time sleep.
Emotional straying: Flux and management of women’s emotions in social media
Authors: Li Pengpeng , Zhuo Qianru
Published: December 2023

In recent years, social media, which has emerged with the core focus on interaction within "acquaintance networks," has gradually been infiltrated by "strangers," leading to the disorientation of many users, especially women, amidst the diverse and intricate social platforms and emotional landscapes. Grounded in the experiential perspective of social media users, this study explores the correlations among woman emotions, satisfaction, and behavior, starting from the standpoint of the impact of social media. Through in-depth interviews with woman cohorts in China, various dimensions such as emotional fluctuations, satisfaction levels, and behaviors in social media were examined. The findings reveal that emotional expression serves as a primary motivation and purpose for users to sustain their engagement with social media. Additionally, emotional masking represents a proactive operational behavior induced by the needs for social relationship maintenance and the accumulation of social capital. Furthermore, emotional management manifests as user-initiated abandonment or shift of social media activities in response to perceived emotional stress. On this basis, a conceptual model integrating woman emotions, satisfaction, and behavior in the context of social media was constructed. The outcomes of this research hold significant theoretical and practical implications for future studies on woman emotions and behaviors, as well as for the development of social media functionalities, content management, public media usage, and psychological health interventions.
Seed efficiency of Pinus sibirica and Pinus pumila hybrids on Lake Baikal shore
Authors: Ivolina G. V.
Published: December 2023

Two 5-needle pine species, Pinus sibirica and P. pumila, have vast geographic distribution and form wide hybrid zone in the Eastern Siberia. In the interspecies hybridization studies, seed production of hybrids has primary significance for further evolution of the cross-pollinated species. Seed efficiency of the hybrids and their parental species found on the eastern shore of Lake Baikal was studied. It was shown that mature cones of the hybrids were smaller than that in P sibirica but bigger than that in P. pumila. Seed efficiency, i. e., portion of ovules which give rise filled seeds with well-developed embryo, of the hybrids was 34.0 % and was almost 2-fold less than that in P. pumila (66.2 %) and quite comparable with that in P. sibirica (36.8 %). Low seed efficiency in P. sibirica was due to low seed formation frequency and high portion of empty seeds. Main reproductive losses in the hybrids occurred at all stages from the seed development beginning, portions of the aborted and empty seeds were especially high. Thus, seed efficiency of the hybrids appears high enough for further renewal, but, as a rule, only F1 hybrids are found on Lake Baikal shore.
Coenotic diversity of alpine vegetation of the Aktash floristic region of the Kurai Range
Authors: Popova E. V. , Sinkovskiy E. K.
Published: December 2023

The study of the alpine vegetation of the Kurai Range is a great deal of scientific interest. This is due to the uneven exploration of the territory, the exceptional richness of high-mountain communities, their mosaic and diversity. The purpose of the study is to identify coenotic diversity and classify the alpine vegetation of the western part of the Kurai Range using the ecological-historical series. 126 releves performed by the staff of the Laboratory of Ecology and Geobotany in the 2013, 2015, 2021 field seasons are included in the processing. The coenotic diversity of the alpine vegetation in the study area is represented by 19 associations related to 10 formations, 10 florocenotypes and 4 ecological-historical series.
The elemental composition of Nostoc commune (Cyanoprokaryota) from the Baikal region
Authors: Tupikova G. S. , Egorova I. N. , Shergina O. V.
Published: December 2023

We have established concentrations of 32 elements (Ag, Al, As, Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sb, Sc, Sr, Ti, V, W, Y, Zn) in the thalloms of the terrestrial algae Nostoc commune from the Baikal region, functioning in the meadow steppe on sod-carbonate soil. Nostoc commune is a widespread species in terrestrial ecosystems, capable of oxygenic photosynthesis and fixation of atmospheric nitrogen. The concentrations of elements in the Nostoc commune from the Baikal region according to the degree of reduction are presented in the following series: Al > Ca > Mg > K > Fe > P > S > Ti > Na > Ba > Sr > Mn > Cr > Zn > V > Li > Ni > Ce > Cu > La > Bi > Sb > W >Y > Pb > Sc > Co > As > Mo > Ag > Be > Cd. High correlations between the content of Ca, Mg, K in the soil and thalloms of the species were revealed.
New locations of Astragalus kaufmannii in Northern Transbaikalia
Authors: Shishmareva M. L.
Published: December 2023

In the central part of the Vitim Plateau (Amalat River basin (from 53°40' to 54°40' N and from 112°30' to 114°30' E) and the Bauntovskaya Basin in the lower reaches of the Uakit River (55°28' N and 113°38' E) new points of Astragalus kaufmannii Krylov growth were found. This South Siberian montane herbaceous perennial is characterized by xerophilous ecology and calciphilous and is a petrophyte in the study area. The article gives the general characteristic and phytocenological features of the species habitats. Specific coordinates of the new points of Astragalus kaufmannii occurrence at the southeastern border of its range are given.
Floristic analysis of the vegetation cover of the Belorechensky State Natural Zoological Reserve of Regional Importance (Krasnodar region)
Authors: Shcherbatova A. F. , Lisovets A. D.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the floristic analysis of the vegetation cover of the territory of the State Natural Zoological Reserve second cluster (SPZZ) of regional significance «Belorechensky». Between 2020 and 2022 163 species of vascular plants belonging to 111 genera, 48 families were identified. The predominant families are Asteraceae - 13.5 %, Rosaceae - 9.2 %, Poaceae - 7.9 %. The conducted ecological analysis showed that in relation to the conditions of moisture, the vascular plants of the Belorechensky State Nature Reserve belong to four ecological groups: mesophytes - 66.26 %, xerophytes - 17.18 %, hygrophytes - 15.95 %, hydrophytes - 0.61 % . In relation to the lighting conditions, five heliomorphs were distinguished: heliophytes - 61.96 %, subheliophytes - 21.47 %, scioheliophytes - 12.27 %, semiheliophytes - 3.07 %, sciophytes - 1.23 %. As a result of the sosological analysis of the flora of the Belorechensky State Nature Reserve 2nd cluster, 3 plant species included in the Red Books of the Krasnodar Territory, the Republic of Adygea and the Russian Federation of different release years were identified: Cyclamen coum Mill. subsp. caucasicum (C. Koch) O. Schwarz, Helleborus caucasicus
Validación transcultural de la estructura y propiedades internas del Test de Dependencia a Videojuegos (TDV)
Authors:   Departamento de Psicología Básica, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Valencia, España, Luján-Barrera Amparo , Cervera Lydia ,   Departamento de Psicología Básica, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Valencia, España, Villasante Paula ,   Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, España, Chóliz Mariano ,   Departamento de Psicología Básica, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Valencia, España
Published: December 2023

Introducción: la evaluación de la adicción a videojuegos se realiza típicamente a partir de los criterios del DSM-5, los cuales están basados en población adulta a pesar de ser los adolescentes los más vulnerables a este trastorno. El Test de Dependencia a Videojuegos (TDV) es un test de la adicción a los videojuegos dirigido específicamente a adolescentes hispanohablantes compuesto inicialmente por cuatro factores de segundo orden de la adicción a videojuegos. Este instrumento ha sido validado en distintos países de Latinoamérica, pero con estructuras factoriales diferentes. El presente estudio distingue el modelo factorial de referencia del TDV sometiéndolo a un pormenorizado análisis de sus propiedades psicométricas. Método: durante el 2017-2021 se administró el TDV a 3229 adolescentes procedentes de centros educativos españoles y latinoamericanos. Se empleó el análisis factorial confirmatorio para seleccionar la estructura interna más adecuada del TDV y analizar su validez, fiabilidad y equivalencia de medida entre grupos de sexo y cultura. Resultados: todos los modelos factoriales del TDV mostraron un buen funcionamiento, especialmente los multidimensionales. El más adecuado para el instrumento fue el modelo original del TDV. El estudio psicométrico de sus propiedades internas mostró que mide de forma precisa y representativa los componentes de la adicción a videojuegos en adolescentes hispanoparlantes. Discusión y conclusión: la representatividad de Latinoamérica en los estudios epidemiológicos se ha visto comprometida por la falta de homogeneidad en la evaluación. La validez transcultural del TDV indica que es un instrumento útil para fines descriptivos e interventivos en España y Latinoamérica.
Formación en el proceso de inserción a la docencia en los centros de la Compañía de Jesús
Authors: Menéndez Cueto Ovidio
Published: December 2023

La formación inicial del profesorado en la actualidad es un reto de gran complejidad que requiere de diferentes estrategias y herramientas. En este artículo se presenta un marco competencial básico para las y los docentes ignacianos, concretado en diez competencias básicas. Desde este enfoque competencial, se reflexiona sobre los enfoques que deben caracterizar a la formación docente en esta etapa inicial y se identifican algunos instrumentos y metodologías concretas que pueden servir al desarrollo eficaz de dichas competencias.
Physical and aerodynamic properties of date palm pollen grains
Authors: IBRAHIM Mohamed M. , GHONIMY Mohamed , ABD EL RAHMAN Eid
Published: December 2023

The present study was designed to determine the effect of four moisture content levels (4, 5, 6, and 7 %) on the physical and aerodynamic properties of date palm pollen grain (DPP). The physical properties of DPP included pollen length (L), width (w), thickness (T), projected area (Ap), geometric mean diameter (dg), mass (m), sphericity (S), and bulk density (ρp). It was observed that the moisture content did not significantly influence the physical properties of the DPP. The aerodynamic properties of DPP included the terminal velocity (Vt), drag coefficient (Dc), drag force (Df), and Reynolds number (Re). The pollen Reynolds number (Re) is significant at different pollen grain moisture content, and regression models were developed in the form of polynomial and exponential relationships. Also, the 3rd order polynomial relationship was found between Re and Dc. The results showed that the average values of Vt, Dc, Df, and Re were about 0.6 m s-1, (0.38 to 0.45), 1.09E-11 N, and (0.29 to 0.42), respectively. The results of this study will be helpful in the performance of date palm pollination machines.
Možnosti nekemičnega zatiranja virusonosnih ogorčic Xiphinema index Thorne & Allen, 1950
Authors: POLANŠEK Julija , CELAR Franci Aco , ŠIRCA Saša
Published: December 2023

Ogorčice so organizmi, ki jih zaradi njihove številčnosti, raznolikosti in prilagodljivosti najdemo praktično povsod. Medtem ko je večina ogorčic koristnih, pa poznamo tudi take, ki s svojim parazitiranjem povzročajo škodo. Med škodljive ogorčice uvrščamo tudi rastlinsko-parazitsko vrsto Xiphinema index. Najdemo jo lahko v bližini korenin žlahtne vinske trte (Vitis vinifera L.), saj je prav ta njena glavna gostiteljica. Ogorčica ni tako problematična z vidika neposrednega napada korenin, ampak vinski trti predstavlja grožnjo zaradi prenosa in vnosa virusa pahljačavosti listov vinske trte (GFLV) iz rodu Nepovirus. Virus namreč na vinski trti povzroči bolezen kužne izrojenosti vinske trte, kar vodi v ekonomsko nekonkurenčnost vinogradov. Okužba lahko privede tudi do več kot 80 % izpada pridelka. V izogib nenadzorovanemu širjenju ogorčic in posledično okužbam v vinogradih je pomembna preventiva, saj poleg prenosa s sadilnim materialom, pomembnega prenašalca predstavljata tudi kmetijska mehanizacija in fizični prenos z orodjem. Ker se je kemično zatiranje ogorčice X. index zaradi njene trdoživosti in razporeditve v tleh izkazalo za neučinkovito, je potrebno v prihodnje stremeti k alternativnim in predvsem učinkovitejšim pristopom. Poleg vmesnih posevkov so preverjali delovanje pripravkov na podlagi nekaterih bakterij in gliv, ki predstavljajo velik potencial za nadaljnja raziskovanja.
Misjonarze męczennicy a wolność religijna, Warszawa 2023 (ss. 186, Uniwersyteckie Centrum Badań Wolności Religijnej UKSW w Warszawie)
Authors: Piasecki Piotr
Published: December 2023

Publikacja ma na celu wypełnienie luki w prezentowaniu wartości męczeństwa misjonarzy w kontekście prawa do wolności religijnej. Ponadto opracowanie to stanowi wyraz obrony godności chrześcijan oraz ukazuje wartość ofiary wyrażonej w męczeństwie misjonarzy, jaką wspólnota wierzących ponosi w każdej części świata. Jako forma świadectwa, męczeństwo obecne jest w Kościele od samego początku chrześcijaństwa. Jednak dzisiaj należy nieustannie przypominać, że stanowi ono zawsze konsekwencję łamania prawa do życia i swobodnego wyznawania własnej religii. Publikacja zawiera określenie aktualnego odniesienia męczeństwa misjonarzy do praw wolności religijnej, a także przyczyn i skutków łamania tychże praw nie tylko przez jednostki, ale i przez reprezentantów rozmaitych ruchów społecznych czy nawet instytucji państwowych.
Węgrzy w Małopolsce w X-XII wieku w świetle źródeł toponomastycznych i archeologicznych
Authors: Florek Marek
Published: December 2023

This article deals with the interpretation of toponyms and archaeological materials from early medieval Lesser Poland that may be associated with the Hungarians or the Khazar Kabars. So far, they have most often been interpreted as traces of invasions by Hungarians – nomads (single monuments) or the operations of watchtowers they established to control the passes through the Carpathians and subjugated the local Slavic population (the so-called Old Magyar cemetery in Przemyśl) in the late 9th and1st half of the 10th century. It could have been related to their participation in the armed squads of the Piasts or the Rurikiviks, the activities of Hungarian merchants or prisoner-of-war settlements. The dating and interpreting the so-called Old Magyar cemetery in Przemyśl remains an open issue until it is fully developed and the results published.
La osteocalcina se asocia con la densidad mineral ósea y los polimorfismos del gen VDR en la diabetes tipo 1 y 2
Authors: Ruiz Carla Ramírez , Cenarruzabeitia Nerea Varo , Villanueva Miriam Martínez , Hernández Martínez Antonio M. , Noguera Velasco José A.
Published: December 2023

Objetivos

El metabolismo óseo se encuentra alterado en la diabetes mellitus (DM). El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la relación entre los marcadores de remodelado óseo (MRO), los polimorfismos en el gen receptor de la vitamina D (VDR) y la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) en la DM tipo 1 (T1D) y tipo 2 (T2D).

Métodos

Se incluyó a 165 pacientes (53 T1D y 112 T2D). La DMO se midió mediante absorciometría de rayos X de energía dual (DEXA). Se realizó un análisis de la osteocalcina (OC) en plasma, beta-CrossLaps (β-CTX), propéptido aminoterminal del procolágeno tipo 1 (P1NP) y los polimorfismos en el gen VDR.

Resultados

Se incluyó a 53 pacientes con T1D (41 años (31–48)) y 112 con T2D (60 años [51–66]). No se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en relación a la DMO. Los pacientes con T1D presentaron niveles superiores de OC (p<0,001) y P1NP (p<0,001). Las áreas bajo la curva para la predicción de patología ósea para la OC fueron 0,732 (p=0,038) en T1D y 0,697 (p=0,007) en T2D. Se observó una relación estadísticamente significativa entre el alelo A de BsmI (p=0,03), el alelo A de ApaI (p=0,04) y el alelo C de Taql (p=0,046) y una menor DMO. Así mismo, se encontró una correlación significativa entre los niveles elevados de OC y el alelo G de BsmI (p=0,044), el alelo C de ApaI (p=0,011), el alelo T de Taql (p=0,006) y el alelo C de FokI (p=0,004).

Conclusiones

El elevado valor predictivo negativo del punto de corte de la OC indica que la OC podría ser útil a la hora de descartar el riesgo de pérdida ósea, lo que permitiría diseñar un tratamiento personalizado para prevenir dicha patología.
Precisional detection of lymph node metastasis using tFCM in colorectal cancer
Authors: Yang Dan , Tang Jingling , Zhen Yunhuan , Yuan Jindong , Hu Pingsheng , Li Xiaoyun , Du Hang , Zhang Xiaolan , Yang Yuan
Published: December 2023

The detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) lymph node (LN) metastases significantly influences treatment choices, yet identifying them in samples is time-consuming and error-prone. To enhance efficiency, we have established a LN metastasis detection method utilizing triple-parameter flow cytometry (tFCM) and have conducted a comparative assessment of its accuracy and cost-effectiveness in contrast to conventional pathological examinations. This technique utilized biomarkers cytokeratin 20 (CK20), epithelial cell adhesion molecules (EpCAM), and Pan-CK. tFCM’s sensitivity was validated by analyzing known cell line concentrations (SW480 and SW620) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), with CK20, EpCAM, and Pan-CK showing significant expression in CRC cell lines but not in PBMCs. A strong linear correlation was observed in the mixed leukocyte environment (R
2 = 0.9988). Subsequently, tFCM and pathological sections were employed to analyze LNs from CRC patients, enabling comparison of detection accuracy. Within the 36 LNs studied, tFCM successfully identified tumor cells with varying metastasis degrees, including micro-metastasis and isolated tumor cell clusters. Notably, relying solely on pathological sections led to a potential 25% misdiagnosis rate for LNs. In contrast, tFCM effectively minimized this risk. In summary, compared to traditional pathological sections, tFCM is a more advantageous method for detecting nodal metastasis in CRC patients, offering a more precise prognosis for these patients.
The potential for the use of leghemoglobin and plant ferritin as sources of iron
Authors: Świątek Michał , Antosik Adrianna , Kochanowska Dominika , Jeżowski Paweł , Smarzyński Krzysztof , Tomczak Aneta , Kowalczewski Przemysław Łukasz
Published: December 2023

Iron is an essential component for the body, but it is also a major cause for the development of many diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and autoimmune diseases. It has been suggested that a diet rich in meat products, especially red meat and highly processed products, constitute a nutritional model that increases the risk of developing. In this context, it is indicated that people on an elimination diet (vegetarians and vegans) may be at risk of deficiencies in iron, because this micronutrient is found mainly in foods of animal origin and has lower bioavailability in plant foods. This article reviews the knowledge on the use of leghemoglobin and plant ferritin as sources of iron and discusses their potential for use in vegetarian and vegan diets.
Surprise questions in English and French
Authors: Celle Agnès
Published: December 2023

The aim of this article is to show that a specific type of non-canonical question, namely surprise questions, needs to be defined in its own right and differentiated from rhetorical questions. The communicative function of surprise questions is explained on the basis of three constructions – what the hell questions in English, qu’est-ce que questions, and c’est quoi ce N (i.e. an in situ interrogative followed by a right dislocation) in French. Surprise questions are reported to be expressive and to request an explanation for or a change in an activity judged to be incongruous. However, only the intensification conveyed by the hell systematically guarantees the expressive reading. In French, the surprise reading is argued to rely on a combination of syntactic structure, prosodic features, and lexical items. While qu’est-ce que questions are syntactically more complex and diverse, the in situ construction followed by a right dislocation allows for the surprise reading to be more readily identified as such.
Molecular structure, spectroscopy, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic studies of tetrahydroneoprzewaquinone as potent cervical cancer agent
Authors: Owen Aniekan E. , Agwamba Ernest C. , Gideon Mathias E. , Chukwuemeka Kelechi , Ejiofor Emmanuel U. , Benjamin Innocent , Ahukwe Eze F. , Ogungbemiro Festus O. , Maxwell Kube T. , Manicum Amanda-Lee E. , Louis Hitler
Published: December 2023

Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent cancer-related diseases, causing accelerated morbidity and mortality rates in low-income countries and African states. This study explores the potential of (3R,3′R)-2,2′,3,3′-tetrahydroneoprzewaquinone (TDN) as a treatment for cervical cancer by investigating its structural and molecular properties using molecular modelling technique, which include; DFT, molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation. The results are promising, with TDN demonstrating exceptional stability in the energy gap (Eg) as well as through natural bond order analysis (NBO). π → σ* electronic transitions were found to contribute mainly to the molecule’s stability, with an outstanding total stabilization energy (E(2)). Docking exercises showed that TDN binds more favorably to the pro-apoptotic receptor 4s0o with a stronger H-bond compared to the conventional DOX drug, which interacted less effectively with TDN and more strongly with the anti-apoptotic protein, forming an outstanding strong H-bond. Molecular dynamics simulations also revealed that TDNʼs interaction with the pro-apoptotic protein (TDN_4S0o) was more stable than the standard DOX drug (DOX_4s0o). The H-bond plot indicated that TDN could effectively interact with both anti and pro-apoptotic receptors, forming approximately 1 to 4 hydrogen bonds between TDN_1g5M with respect to each picosecond (ps) ranging from 0 to 1000 ps. In contrast, the number of hydrogen bonds fluctuated when DOX interacted with the anti-apoptotic protein (1g5M), ranging from 1 to 5 H-bonds. Overall, these results suggest that TDN may be a promising drug candidate for cervical cancer treatment.
Part 1: Evaluating Neck-Strengthening Protocols to Reduce the Incidence of Traumatic Brain Injury: Traditional vs. Nontraditional Neck-Strengthening Techniques
Authors: Schroeder Lindsey H. , McDaniel Alexander T. , Wang Yishi , Dickens Gabe M. , Pantani Valentina , Kubinak Haley
Published: December 2023

Schroeder, LH, McDaniel, AT, Wang, Y, Dickens, GM, Pantani, V, and Kubinak, H. Part 1: evaluating neck-strengthening protocols to reduce the incidence of traumatic brain injury: traditional vs. nontraditional neck-strengthening techniques. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): 21–29, 2024—A common cause of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) is the head's kinematic response to rapid movement, which can be reduced with dynamic neck strengthening. This study aimed to determine the most effective neck-strengthening program by comparing a traditional and nontraditional program. Isometric neck strength was assessed in 32 subjects randomly assigned to one of the traditional and nontraditional neck-strengthening programs. The nontraditional program used a novel neck-strengthening device. After weeks 6 and 10 of training, isometric neck strength was reassessed. With the collected data, linear mixed models were established to compare the changes in neck strength between the 2 groups during the 10-week training period. Statistical analysis results suggest that, for both cervical extension (CE) and cervical flexion (CF), subjects in the novel neck-strengthening device group had a significantly higher gain of strength during the 10 weeks than the traditional group. With test statistics of −2.691 and −3.203 and corresponding 2-sided p-value of 0.01289 and 0.003889, respectively, we conclude that there is a statistically significant difference in the linear slopes of increase for both CE and CF between the 2 groups. As to left cervical lateral flexion and right cervical lateral flexion, the novel neck strength group had increased strength gains compared with the traditional group. However, the increase was not enough to demonstrate significant findings. Results were considered significant at p < 0.05. The results of this study show that the novel neck-strengthening device may be an effective mechanism for preventing mild TBIs.
Exercise Intensity Progressions and Criteria to Prescribe Core Stability Exercises in Young Physically Active Men: A Smartphone Accelerometer-Based Study
Authors: Heredia-Elvar Juan R. , Juan-Recio Casto , Prat-Luri Amaya , Barbado David , de los Ríos-Calonge Javier , Vera-Garcia Francisco J.
Published: December 2023

Heredia-Elvar, JR, Juan-Recio, C, Prat-Luri, A, Barbado, D, Ríos-Calonge, Jdl, and Vera-Garcia, FJ. Exercise intensity progressions and criteria to prescribe core stability exercises in young physically active men: a smartphone accelerometer-based study. J Strength Cond Res 38(2): 266–273, 2024—The establishment of core stability (CS) exercise intensity progressions in sport and clinical settings is normally based on subjective criteria. Therefore, this study aimed to develop exercise intensity progressions for some of the most common CS exercises through smartphone accelerometry and to analyze the effect of the subjects' lumbopelvic postural control on these progressions. Fifty-seven healthy young physically active male students performed 7 isometric variations of front bridge, back bridge, side bridge, and bird-dog exercises with a smartphone accelerometer placed on the pelvis. Mean pelvic accelerations were calculated during each variation to evaluate the lumbopelvic postural control challenge imposed on the subjects as an index of exercise intensity of difficulty. For the bridge exercises, long bridging produced higher pelvic accelerations than short bridging, bridging with single-leg support was more intense than bridging with double-leg support (even with both legs on a hemisphere ball for the back and front bridge), and the most difficult variations were those performed on a Swiss ball, mainly the variations with single-leg support. For the bird-dog exercise, the 2-point positions were more intense than the 3-point positions, the variations performed with a knee on the hemisphere ball produced higher pelvic accelerations than similar variations performed with the forearm on the hemisphere ball, and the variations with limb motions generated higher pelvic accelerations than similar variations performed without limb motions. Although the CS exercise progressions were very similar across subjects, our results showed the need to individualize the prescription of the CS exercise progressions based on the subjects' lumbopelvic postural control level.
Modeling the Early and Late Acceleration Phases of the Sprint Start in Elite Long Track Speed Skaters
Authors: Zukowski Matthew H. , Herzog Walter , Jordan Matthew J.
Published: December 2023

Zukowski, MH, Jordan, MJ, and Herzog, W. Modeling the early and late cceleration phases of the sprint start in elite long track speed skaters. J Strength Cond Res 38(2): 236–244, 2024—This study established the reliability of an exponential function to model the change in velocity during the speed skating sprint start and the validity of associated model parameters in a group of subelite and elite long track speed skaters. Long track speed skaters (n = 38) performed maximal effort 50-m on-ice accelerations from a standing start while tethered to a horizontal robotic resistance device that sampled position and time data continuously. An exponential function was applied to the raw data to model the change in velocity throughout the acceleration phase and compute the maximal skating speed (MSS), maximal acceleration capacity (MAC), maximum relative net horizontal power (P
Max), and an acceleration-time constant (τ). All constructed models provided a sufficient fit of the raw data (R-squared > 0.95, mean bias <2%). Intraday reliability of all model parameters ranged from good to excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.8 and coefficient of variation <5%). Strong negative correlations (r: −0.72 to −0.96) were observed between MSS and P
Max and the 10 and 20 m split times measured with the robotic resistance and with 100 split times obtained from 500 m races. Moderate-to-large between-group differences were observed in MSS, MAC, and P
Max between the elite vs. subelite speed skaters (Cohen d effect sizes: 1.18–3.53). Our results indicate that monoexponential modeling is a valid and reliable method of monitoring initial acceleration performance in elite level long track speed skaters.
Differences in Lift Quality During the Barbell Back Squat When Using Perceived Recovery Status–Regulated Intrasession Recovery Compared With Standardized Recovery Intervals
Authors: Wolfe Andy A. , Laurent Charles M. , Tolusso Danilo V. , Rinehart Aaron N.
Published: December 2023

Wolfe, AA, Laurent, CM, Tolusso, DV, and Rinehart, AN. Differences in lift quality during the barbell back squat when using perceived recovery status–regulated intrasession recovery compared with standardized recovery intervals. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2023—The current investigation examined kinetic differences between standardized and perceptually regulated rest internals during power-based resistance training. Recreationally resistance-trained men (n = 7) and women (n = 7) completed 3 training sessions. Session 1 consisted of barbell back squat (SQ) 1 repetition maximum (1RM) testing. Two counterbalanced subsequent sessions of perceptually regulated vs. standardized intrasession recovery for 5 sets of 6 repetitions of SQ at 80% 1RM were completed. Lift quality was assessed using a barbell accelerometer that measured concentric and eccentric power and force outputs for each repetition. In each set, subjects reported a rating of perceived exertion (RPE) followed by passive rest for either 2 minutes or a self-selected period using the Perceived Recovery Status (PRS) scale. For the self-selected session, when an individual reported a PRS at level “7,” they were instructed to begin the next set. Data were analyzed using a 2 (session) × 5 (set) repeated-measures ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc analyses performed when appropriate. No significant main effects or interactions were observed for any set quality metrics in the concentric phase or eccentric phase, except peak eccentric power (p = 0.01). Post hoc analyses revealed a significant increase in peak eccentric power from set 1 to set 2 (p = 0.003) only. Finally, no significant difference between self-selected vs. standardized work-to-rest strategies on RPE (p = 0.547) was expressed. These data suggest perceptually regulated intrasession recovery selection yields equivalent lift quality as standardized rest recommendations. Therefore, PRS utilization may provide a more simplified and individualized method of between-set rest prescriptions.
Running Alterations Pre- and Postarthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome and Labral Tears
Authors: Freemyer Bret , Beeler Derek , Crawford Scott , Durkin Robert , Stickley Christopher
Published: December 2023

Freemyer, B, Beeler, D, Crawford, S, Durkin, R, and Stickley, C. Running alterations pre- and postarthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome and labral tears. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2023—Running is essential to sports participation and activity over the lifespan; however, running biomechanics are not fully described in patients with femoroacetabular impingement (FAIS). The purpose was to compare FAIS patient report outcome surveys (PRO) and running biomechanics preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively with controls. Nineteen subjects (FAIS, n = 10 and age-matched controls, n = 9) were included. The UCLA, Hip Outcome Score activity of daily living (HOSADL) and sports subscale (HOSSS), and 3-D running biomechanics were evaluated. Statistical parametric mapping was conducted on biomechanics data. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Femoroacetabular impingement had similar UCLA activity scores compared with controls by 6 months (FAIS: 8.4 ± 1.7, CON: 8.6 ± 2.0, p = 0.80), despite lower HOSADL (FAIS-Six: 89.3 ± 6.3, CON: 100 ± 0, p = 0.04) and HOSSS (FAIS-Six: 82.6 ± 18.5, CON: 100 ± 0, p = 0.05). The FAIS group had lower knee adduction moments (KAM) around 22–27% of stance (p = 0.05) and lower sagittal plane ankle power generation during the final 5% of stance compared with the controls (p = 0.04) preoperatively. The FAIS also had lower vertical ground reaction forces the first 2% of stance (p = 0.05) and lower KAM from 20 to 30% stance (p = 0.03) at the postoperative time vs. controls. Femoroacetabular impingement had higher hip external rotation angles the first 5% stance (p = 0.05) and the last 20% of stance (p = 0.01) vs. controls. This is the first study to describe FAIS running pre- and postoperatively. Despite higher activity and health 6 months postarthroscopy, the patients with FAIS had altered running biomechanics. Clinicians should consider these findings when creating rehabilitation protocols and during running progressions across the postoperative care of patients with FAIS.
Effects of L-Leucine Supplementation and Resistance Training on Adipokine Markers in Untrained Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Chapman-Lopez Tomas J. , Funderburk LesLee K. , Heileson Jeffery L. , Wilburn Dylan T. , Koutakis Panagiotis , Gallucci Andrew R. , Forsse Jeffrey S.
Published: December 2023

Chapman-Lopez, TJ, Funderburk, LK, Heileson, JL, Wilburn, DT, Koutakis, P, Gallucci, AR, and Forsse, JS. Effects of L-leucine supplementation and resistance training on adipokine markers in untrained perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2023—This study examined the effects of supplementing 5 g of leucine compared with a placebo during a 10-week resistance training program on body composition parameters and adipokine concentrations in untrained, perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Thirty-five women were randomly assigned to 2 groups—leucine (LEU, n = 17) and placebo (PLC, n = 18)—in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Each group consumed the supplement or placebo every day and completed a resistance training program for 10 weeks. Using 3-day food records, a diet was assessed before the intervention and after its cessation. Body composition was assessed preintervention and postintervention using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Moreover, the concentrations of adipokines, such as adiponectin, visfatin, leptin, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), were assessed preintervention and postintervention. Both groups showed an increase in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area (p = 0.030) and fat-free mass (FFM; p = 0.023). There were significant group differences in concentrations of visfatin (p = 0.020) and leptin (p = 0.038) between the PLC and LEU groups. Visfatin displayed higher concentrations in the PLC group and leptin displayed higher concentrations in the LEU group. In addition, there were significant decreases in adiponectin concentrations for both groups (LEU: 652 ± 513 to 292 ± 447 pg·ml−1; PLC: 584 ± 572 to 245 ± 356 pg·ml−1, p = 0.002) and MCP-1 only decreased in the PLC group (253 ± 119 to 206 ± 106 pg·ml−1, p = 0.004). There were significant decreases in adiponectin concentrations in both groups and a decrease in MCP-1 concentrations in the PLC group. These decreases may be due to both adipokines possible relationship with VAT area. However, it is not known whether leucine has underlying properties that hinder changes in MCP-1 concentrations.
Kinematic, Kinetic, and Temporal Metrics Associated With Golf Proficiency
Authors: McHugh Malachy P. , O'Mahoney Catherine A. , Orishimo Karl F. , Kremenic Ian J. , Nicholas Stephen J.
Published: December 2023

McHugh, MP, O’Mahoney, CA, Orishimo, KF, Kremenic, IJ, and Nicholas, SJ. Kinematic, kinetic, and temporal metrics associated with golf proficiency.J Strength Cond ResXX(X): 000–000, 2023—The biomechanics of the golf swing have been studied extensively, but the literature is unclear on which metrics are indicative of proficiency. The purpose of this study was to determine which metrics identified golf proficiency. It was hypothesized that discrete kinematic, kinetic, and temporal metrics would vary depending on proficiency and that combinations of metrics from each category would explain specific proficiency metrics. Kinematic, kinetic, and temporal metrics and their sequencing were collected for shots performed with a driver in 33 male golfers categorized as proficient, average, or unskilled (based on a combination of handicap, ball velocity, and driving distance). Kinematic data were collected with high-speed motion analysis, and ground reaction forces (GRF) were collected from dual force plates. Proficient golfers had greater x-factor at ball impact and greater trunk deceleration before ball impact compared with average (p< 0.05) and unskilled (p< 0.01) golfers. Unskilled golfers had lower x-factor at the top of the back swing and lower peak x-factor, and they took longer to reach peak trunk velocity and peak lead foot GRF compared with average (p< 0.05) and proficient (p< 0.05) golfers. A combination of 2 kinematic metrics (x-factor at ball impact and peak pelvis velocity), 1 kinetic metric (peak lead foot GRF), and 2 timing metrics (the timing of peak trunk and arm velocity) explained 85% of the variability in ball velocity. The finding that x-factor at ball impact and trunk deceleration identified golf proficiency points to the potential for axial trunk rotation training to improve performance.
Acute Effects of Resistance Exercise on Intraocular Pressure in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hackett Daniel A. , Li Jiuzhang , Wang Boliang , Way Kimberley L. , Cross Troy , Tran Derek L.
Published: December 2023

Hackett, DA, Li, J, Wang, B, Way, KL, Cross, T, and Tran, DL. Acute effects of resistance exercise on intraocular pressure in healthy adults: A systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 38(2): 394–404, 2024—Intraocular pressure (IOP) tends to fluctuate during a resistance exercise (RE). This systematic review examines the acute effects of RE on IOP in healthy adults and factors that influence changes in IOP. Five electronic databases were searched using terms related to RE and IOP. A strict inclusion criterion was applied, which included being 55 years or younger with no medical conditions and RE intensity needing to be quantifiable (e.g., based on a maximal effort). Thirty-four studies met the inclusion criteria for this review. Isometric and isotonic contractions produced similar changes in IOP during RE up to 28.7 mm Hg. Exercises that involved larger muscle mass, such as squats and leg press, were found to produce changes in IOP during exercise ranging from 3.1 to 28.7 mm Hg. Smaller changes in IOP during RE were found for exercises engaging less muscle mass (e.g., handgrip and bicep curls). Intraocular pressure was found to increase during RE when lifting heavier loads and with longer exercise durations (e.g., greater repetitions). The Valsalva maneuver (VM) and breath-hold during RE accentuated the change in IOP, with more extreme changes observed with the VM. However, most studies showed that postexercise IOP returned to baseline after approximately 1 minute of recovery. An acute increase in IOP is observed during RE in healthy adults with fluctuations of varying magnitude. Factors that independently increase IOP during RE include exercises involving larger muscle mass, heavy loads, greater set duration, and when the VM or breath-hold is performed.
Neuromuscular Responses and Perceptions of Health Status and Pain-Related Constructs in End-Stage Knee Osteoarthritis During Resistance Training With Blood Flow Restriction
Authors: Ogrezeanu Daniel C. , López-Bueno Laura , Sanchís-Sánchez Enrique , Carrasco Juan J. , Cuenca-Martínez Ferran , Suso-Martí Luis , López-Bueno Rubén , Cruz-Montecinos Carlos , Martinez-Valdes Eduardo , Casaña José , Calatayud Joaquín
Published: December 2023

Ogrezeanu, DC, López-Bueno, L, Sanchís-Sánchez, E, Carrasco, JJ, Cuenca-Martínez, F, Suso-Martí, L, López-Bueno, R, Cruz-Montecinos, C, Martinez-Valdes, E, Casaña, J, and Calatayud, J. Neuromuscular responses and perceptions of health status and pain-related constructs in end-stage knee osteoarthritis during resistance training with blood flow restriction. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2023—We aimed to evaluate the neuromuscular responses and their relationship with health status, kinesiophobia, pain catastrophizing, and chronic pain self-efficacy in patients with end-stage knee osteoarthritis during acute resistance training with different levels of blood flow restriction (BFR). Seventeen patients with end-stage knee osteoarthritis participated in 3 experimental sessions separated by 3 days, performing 4 sets of knee extensions with low load and 3 levels of concurrent BFR performed in a random order: control (no BFR), BFR at 40% arterial occlusion pressure (AOP), and BFR at 80% AOP. Normalized root-mean-square (nRMS), nRMS spatial distribution (centroid displacement, modified entropy, and coefficient of variation), and normalized median frequency (nFmed) were calculated from the vastus medialis (VM) and lateralis (VL) using high-density surface electromyography. Subjects were asked to report adverse effects after the sessions. In the VM, nRMS was higher with 80% AOP than with 40% AOP (p = 0.008) and control (p < 0.001), whereas there were no differences between conditions in the VL. Normalized root-mean-square also showed an association with pain catastrophizing, chronic pain self-efficacy, and health status (VM: −0.50, 0.49, −0.42; VL: −0.39, 0.27, −0.33). Spatial distribution varied between conditions but mostly in the VL. Overall, nFmed did not vary, with only a slight increase in the VL with 40% AOP, between set 3 and 4. BFR during knee extensions at 80% AOP increases VM activity and VL amplitude distribution more than 40% AOP and control. Importantly, muscle activity increases are modulated by pain catastrophizing, chronic pain self-efficacy, and health status in these patients, and kinesiophobia seems to especially modulate entropy.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Wearable Satellite System Technology for Linear Sprint Profiling: Technological Innovations and Practical Applications
Authors: Cormier Patrick , Meylan César , Agar-Newman Dana , Geneau Daniel , Epp-Stobbe Amarah , Lenetsky Seth , Klimstra Marc
Published: December 2023

Cormier, P, Meylan, C, Agar-Newman, D, Geneau, D, Epp-Stobbe, A, Lenetsky, S, and Klimstra, M. A systematic review and meta-analysis of wearable satellite system technology for linear sprint profiling: technological innovations and practical applications. J Strength Cond Res 38(2): 405–418, 2024—An emerging and promising practice is the use of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) technology to profile team-sports athletes in training and competition. Therefore, the purpose of this narrative systematic review with meta-analysis was to evaluate the literature regarding satellite system sensor usage for sprint modeling and to consolidate the findings to evaluate its validity and reliability. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, an electronic search of the databases, PubMed and SPORTDiscus (EBSCO), was conducted. Concurrent validity and reliability studies were considered, and 16 studies were retained for the review from the initial 1,485 studies identified. The effects on outcomes were expressed as standardized mean differences (SMDs, Cohen's d) for each outcome (i.e., maximal sprint speed [MSS], the acceleration constant [τ], maximal theoretical velocity [V
0], relative force [F
0], and relative power [Pmax]). Effect magnitudes represented the SMD between GNSS-derived and criterion-derived (i.e., radar and laser) and resulted in the following estimates: small for MSS (d = 0.22, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.42), τ (d = −0.18, 95% CI −0.60 to 0.23), V
0 (d = 0.14, 95% CI −0.08 to 0.36), relative F
0 (d = 0.15, 95% CI −0.25 to 0.55), and relative Pmax (d = 0.21, 95% CI −0.16 to 0.58). No publication bias was identified in meta-analyzed studies and moderator analysis revealed that several factors (sampling rate and sensor manufacturer) influenced the results. Heterogeneity between studies was considered moderate to high. This highlighted the differences between studies in sensor technology differences (i.e., sampling rate, sensor fusion, and satellite network acquisition), processing techniques, criterion technology used, sprint protocols, outcome reporting, and athlete characteristics. These findings may be useful in guiding improvements in sprint modeling using GNSS technology and enable more direct comparisons in future research. Implementation of all-out linear sprint efforts with GNSS technology can be integrated into sport-specific sessions for sprint modeling when robust and consistent data processing protocols are performed, which has important implications for fatigue monitoring, program design, systematic testing, and rehabilitation in individual and team sports.
La Laudatio urbis y la imagen de la arquitectura en la literatura novohispana hacia 1600
Authors: Cuesta Hernández Luis Javier
Published: December 2023

El siglo XVII es decisivo en el asentamiento y la difusión, entre una parte importante de la sociedad novohispana, de la amplia gama de significados de la arquitectura y de su nueva imagen. Esta imagen se había generalizado en el virreinato a raíz del surgimiento de la identidad criolla, ya desde la centuria anterior. Una de sus principales manifestaciones serán los textos dedicados a glosar las glorias de las ciudades del virreinato en las que se aprecia una manera muy definida de referirse a la arquitectura.