bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Castration of Iraqi local bucks by bilateral spermatic cord torsion compared with double ligation of spermatic cord
Authors: Th. A.Abid A. K. Munahi And
Published: January 2019

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of using spermatic cord torsion as one of the easy castration techniques in Iraqi local black goat, and compared with double ligation of the spermatic cord also to be acquainted if the age of animals has an effect on spermatic cord torsion technique. This present study was done in the animals farm of the college of the veterinary medicine of Al-Qadissiya university, 30 local male blackbucks (15 kids of 2.5 - 3 months) (15 adult bucks of 13 - 15 months) with body weight (13.4 ± 2.21) and (31.9 ± 3.25) Kg respectively, were supplied for two symmetrical experiments, each one included division the animals randomly to three groups, first group (G1) left as control , Second group (G2) had spermatic cord ligation of both testes and third group (G3) had bilateral spermatic cord torsion and after two months orchiectomy of all tests were done to study the dimensions, the weight, histopathology of the testes and the level of serum testosterone hormone. The results revealed that the castration lead significance (P<0.01) to increase the body weight of both kids and bucks as compared with control, the maximum weight gained was in the bilateral spermatic cord torsion, while in the kids was the ligation group. Weights, lengths, and circumferences of both testes of all animals showed a significant decrease (P<0.01) as compared with control animals. Testosterone hormone analysis revealed a significant decrease (P<0.01) in its level in all castrated groups when compared with control group. Seminal analysis showed a significant decrease (P<0.01) (seminal plasma only) for the volume, concentration, viability, individual and mass motility of the sperms of the all castrated animals as compared with control. The histopathological study of all treated testes corroborated there were a severe degeneration and fibrosis in the testicular tissue as well as in the Sertoli and Leydig cells and complete suppression of spermatogenesis in all treated groups. The conclusion that spermatic cord torsion caused damage to the testes as ligation did with no effect of age of animals on this technique.
Rams Infertility and Sperms Mitochondrial Genome Defect
Authors: A..S..Abood S. A. Hatif And
Published: January 2019

This study was included a collection of 24 semen samples from healthy rams in Baghdad Province, performed in Baghdad- college of veterinary medicine.S perms stained with fluorescent dye ( ethidium bromide ) and subjected to fluorescent microscopical examination used by UV- light to visualize the defect in the mitochondrial sheath covered the midpiece. The results give the abnormalities of mitochondrial midpiece (mt sheat), the sperms appeared in 6 types of defect, included a mixed defect in the same sample. The defect included 5 ( 20.8%) cases interrupted distribution of mt genome, 4 (16.6%) narrow, 10 (41.6%) thickness , 8 (33.3%)irregular , 7(29.16%) short and 2(8.3%) absent of midpiece . The aim of this study, determination the defect of a mitochondrial sheath of midpiece, inactivity, motility, low quality of sperm and the role of infertility in ram.
Study of gastrointestinal nematodes resistance to some anthelemitics and evaluation the efficacy of condensed tannin extraction on resistant genera in sheep in Babil
Authors: Al-Ramahi H. M.
Published: January 2019

The study was carried out in Babel province, where three sheep farms evaluated for albendazole, levamisol and ivermectin resistance in nematodes by in vivo and in vitro techniques as well as to demonstrate the efficacy of commercial tannin-rich solution on the resistant genera.According to low confidence interval limit of 95% fecal egg count reduction FECR ,In farm I, the animal which treated with levamisol and ivermectin considered as suspected resistant, while the animals which treated with albendazole showed resistance to it. In farm II ,the animal which treated with levamisol and albendazole were considered as suspected resistant ,while no FECR% <95 % was recorded in animals which treated with ivermectin ,and in the same manner ,the animals of farm III which treated with levamisol and albendazole showed suspected resistance and resistance respectively, and no resistance to ivermectin was recorded in animals which treated with it. Also, the results revealed that the combination between in vitro (EHA) and in vivo (FECRT) necessary to confirm the assessment of resistance against benzimedazoles. The most common genus identified from pre treatment feces were Haemonchus ,Trichostrongylus and Cooperia ,while Haemonchus was the only identified genus which demonstrated from post treatment fecal culture.The compared of in vitro effect of condensed tannin CT and thiabendazol revealed that both thiabendazole and CT induced significant egg hatching inhibition in a dose-dependent manner. The thiabendazole required a maximum of 0.5mg/ml, whereas, the CT required a maximum concentration of 2 mg/ml, to induce 100% egg hatch inhibition. The adult worm motility assay showed that the thiabendazole kill all worms at the concentration of 0.25 mg/ml, while CT was showed insignificant killing even in maximum concentration.
A Study of blood gases (PO2, PCO2, HCO3-) changes after long exposure to formaldehyde vapor on the respiratory system of rabbits
Authors: T. A. Abass B. F. Al-Hussany, A.F. Reshak and
Published: January 2019

This study was planned to reveal the changes in blood gases after long exposure to formaldehyde vapor on the respiratory system of rabbits. Treated animals were housed in closed room and exposed to formaldehyde fume using 10% formalin solution for a period of six months. Exposure was twenty-three hours for the whole period of experiment, and one hour a day was left for ventilation. Control group was exposed to distilled water humidity. There were significant differences between PO2, PCO2 (Partial Pressure) and HCO3- in addition to pH, hemoglobin, packed cell volume and reticulocyte counts.
The short – term nephropathological complications due to alloxan induction of diabetes mellitus in male rabbits
Authors: K. F. AbdulKareem H. Kh. U. Al-Karagoly And
Published: January 2019

This study was conducted to assess the pathological changes in kidneys after twenty day from induction of diabetes mellitus in male rabbits.Sixteen male rabbits were used in this study and divided into two equal groups: diabetic group (Dm) and control group (Cm). Diabetes mellitus was induced by i.v injection of alloxan monohydrate at dose rate 100 mg/kg dissolved in 1 ml of normal saline. Blood was collected after three days to check fasting serum glucose.Serum glucose level was elevated starting from the 1st 3 days after induction of diabetes mellitus. The histopathological results revealed that there were: edema, glomerular hypertrophy and hypercellularity, as well as glomerular necrosis, glomerular swelling, glomerular congestion with glomerular cast and rupture. The conclusion that renal glomeruli and tubules affected progressively after short period from beginning of diabetes mellitus.
Study the effect of the omental pedicle flap in sciatic nerve healing
Authors: Khashjoori B. K.
Published: January 2019

This study was done to observe the effect of omental pedicle flap in neuroraphies , sciatic nerve of 8 dogs which divided into equal two groups .The neuroraphy was performed, after that greater omentum was prepared by median laporotomy which later pass through a tunnel formed in the inguinal region by preserving its vascular supply and adapted then wrapped around the zone of neuroraphy in treated group.asciatic nerves of control group were severed and primary neuroraphy was done without applying omental flap. The histological examination of the biopsy specimens was done in the 60th day for both groups. The amount of regenerated axons and intra neural connective tissue in two groups were examined. In the revasculorized neuroraphies by omental flap, there was a significant increase the number of regenerated nerve fibres and reduced perineural fibrosis when compared with control group
Clinical and Bacteriological Study of Subcutaneous abscesses caused by gram positive bacteria in cow and sheep in Al-Qadissiyia province
Authors: M. I. Shekhan Y. I. Kh. AL-Tuffyli And
Published: January 2019

In spite of the fact that subcutaneous abscesses is occur in sporadical cases and cause low morbidity, A total of 79 (56 and 23) abscesses of cattle and sheep respectively were examined during 12 month from November 2010 to October 2011 for determined an anatomical distribution of subcutaneous abscesses with identification of clinical features and isolation of causative agents that cause these abscesses in cow and sheep in Al-Qadissiyia province. The head was most commonly affected, followed by (glutcal &neck) and chest regions at percentages 80.36%,10.71% and 8.92% respectively in cattle, and 82.6%, 13.03%, and 4.34% respectively in sheep. Also the results demonstrated that there are four types of subcutaneous abscesses vary in size (from a nutmeg fruit size up to a muskmelon).Fifty four samples out 56 abscesses samples of cattle were demonstrated gram positive bacteria only which presented by Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, S. hycus, Arcanobacterium pyogenes, and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis at percentage (33.9 %), (17.8%), (12.6%), (23.2%) and (7.1%) as well as one sample (1.8%) revealed undifferentiated bacteria, the rest two samples (3.6%) don't showed any bacterial growth during culture. In sheep the 23 samples the result showed that Staphylococcus aureus was predominant bacterial isolates followed by Arcanobacterium pyogenes ,and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis , S. epidermidis, at percentage (30.4%), (26%), (21.7%) and (17.4%) as well as one sample (4.4%) didn’t revealed any growth.
Extraction and Purification of Salmonella spp. enterotoxin isolated from Bovine in Basrah province
Authors: Al – Rodhan A. M.
Published: January 2019

One Hundred eighty fecal samples and (50) bile samples were collected from cattle of different ages and both sexes present in Basrah farms and Slaughterhouse. The results of the bacteriological and serological methods carried out on fecal and bile samples of cows detect Salmonella spp in the fecal samples of 3 cows ( 6611 ) % and these bacteria were not detected (0%) in bile samples. Concerning the effect of months of study on the rate of Salmonella spp. isolation. The higher rate of isolation was encountered in March (6.66%) followed by February (2.38%), while in other months no Salmonella isolates were observed. Depending on the sex of animals the higher rate of Salmonella isolation was observed in males )%2.06) and it was in females (1.204%). According to age group the higher rate of Salmonella isolation (%965)was observed in the third age group) followed by the second age group (1<-3) in which the rate was ( %2.09) . There was statistical significance difference (p< 0.05) among age groups concerning the Salmonella isolation rate. Suckling mice and permeability of rabbit skin showed a good result for detection of enterotoxin which was extracted from the more virulent isolate No. (161). The enterotoxin then was purified and fractionated by gel flirtation on Sephadex (G-100). Results of gel flirtation showed that the toxin had two peaks, one of them were highly toxic. The chemical studying of enterotoxin characteristics revealed that it contained sugar moiety and it was a glycoprotein.
Some factors influencing peak yield and days attain to peak yield in Friesian cattle in the central region of Iraq
Authors: Taher K.N.
Published: January 2019

This study was undertaken on 950 lactation records kept at Iraq-Jordanian company / Dujaila- Wasit Governorate during a period from 2001-2003.to evaluate the effect of some non-genetic factors (age at 1st calving, parity, the season of calving, year of calving and service period ) on peak milk yield and days to attain peak yield.T he least-squares means for peak milk yield and days to attain peak yield were :14.252± 4.763 kg and 47.528 ± 24.121 days. Peak milk yield was significantly influenced (p<0.05) by season and year of calving ( p<0.01). Days to attain peak yield was significantly ( p<0.05) influenced by year of calving.
Serological, bacteriological and molecular study of aborted cows, buffalos and women infected with Brucella
Authors: Najum A. A.
Published: January 2019

Abortion is the most obvious manifestation of Brucella infection. In this study, 59 aborted buffalos, 91 aborted cows and 150 aborted women were studied. Diagnosis of Brucella infection in these abortions was based on clinical, serological and bacteriological studies, then determination of Brucella isolates with PCR assay. Serological studies included the use of RB and ELISA tests as screening tests for infection. Results showed that in bovine the RB test shows significant difference between the positive cases in cows and buffalos (P<0.05) while in ELISA test there is no significant difference between these two groups. In aborted women there was significant difference in the RB and ELISA tests between the negative and positive women (P<0.05).From all positive cases by ELISA test, Brucella was isolated from 7 aborted cows, 3 buffalos, and 2 women. Brucella isolates were revealed amplification of a 223-bp fragment with B4 and B5 primers except one strain that isolated from blood culture of women
A study of activity of local alcoholic propolis ointment in the treatment of the external wounds that experimentally infected with staphylococcus aureus in mice
Authors: Al-Mohana A.M.
Published: January 2019

Propolis (bee glue) is a sticky, gummy, resinous substance collected by honeybees from variousplant sources, which has various medicinal properties. This study aimed to know the therapeutic roleof ointment which prepared from extract of local propolis in treatment of external wounds thatexperimentally infected with S.aureus in experimental mice. The ratio of ethanolic extract of propolisamounted (33%) of the weight of the dry substance, it was glutinous with dark green color andcharacteristic odor. Moreover, the results of the preliminary chemical tests which was taken in thisstudy revealed that propolis contains flavonoids, resins, terpenes, and phenols.T tested the qualificationof ethanolic extract of propolis In vivo.Through its prepared as an ointment (9%) in the treatment of externalwounds which are induced in a lab. mice infected with S.aureus the ointment showed high qualificationto treat such wounds (8 days ) compared with control group(15 days ) and a group which treated withvaseline (15 days) that is assured by histopathological sections taken from the infected area before andafter treatment.
Detection of bovine corona virus in some governorates of Iraq
Authors: Mansour Kh. A.
Published: January 2019

In the present study, we used Reverse transcription polymer chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for detecting of bovine coronavirus, We evaluated the presence of bovine coronavirus ( BCoV) in diarrheic fecal samples in age (1 – 30) day. (152) fecal samples from diarrheic calves were collected from four Iraqi governorates (Al-Qadisyiah, Babylon, Wassit, and Najaf) .10 (6.57%) out of 152 were positive to bovine coronavirus. This study is the first detection of bovine corona antigen in Iraq.T he results suggest that RT-PCR is more sensitive than another method to detect BCoV, especially in subclinical cases and Because these animals shed a low amount of virus in feces and more animal show clinically normal we need to apply sensitive techniques, such as RT-PCR.
Histopathological And Immune Response Against Infectious Bursal Disease In Chickens Vaccinated Against Newcastle Disease
Authors: AL Zubeedy A.Z.
Published: January 2019

Two different vaccination programs against chicken infectious bursal disease (IBD) were compared. Results showed the first program including IBD vaccination at 8 and 16th day old as well as ND vaccination(live attenuated and inactivated types ) give high antibody titers at 21 days post vaccination with significantly difference (P≤0.0005) in comparison with the second program including only IBD vaccine . serological antibodies titer were determined to study the correlation between two different programs using ELISA test. pathological changes in vaccinated groups reveals mild & moderate lesions appear in liver, spleen and bursa of fabriciusKey word : IBD,ND , vaccination , ELISA test ,Broiler , histopathology .
Cloning and gene expression equine leukocyte α-interferon in cells of Escherichia Coli
Authors: Muttar A. A.
Published: January 2019

Interferon plays role in innate immune responses through upregulation of costimulatory molecules and induction of proinflammatory cytokines. interferons including interferon alpha (IFNA). The present study characterized IFNA cDNA and predicted protein. The interferon’s play a great role in protection from infections, which have been called by microorganisms, and also have powerful antiproliferation and immunomodulation activity. The purposes of study: cloning and expression of horse leukocyte interferon and purification the product protein. The results and discussion : In the result we isolated (DNA) from equine leukocyte in blood, which was used in the quality of the matrix for amplification of α-interferon gene with PCR HELP, and isolation gene α-interferon and transformation in vector puc18 and expression vector PET24b (+) and recombinant plasmid was transformed into E. coli strain BL21( codon plus 440) induction with IPTG. The results showed the protein having the same molecular weight as horse interferon alpha about 5.81 kDa
Seroepidemiology of PPR in goats in Basrah province
Authors: Muhsen R. K.
Published: January 2019

This study was conducted in Basrah at period from March throughout the September 2011. 1175 blood samples were collected from goats in five regions of Basrah province that have no signs of disease and no any history of vaccination to estimate the seroprevalence of PPR in goats and undergoes to the cELISA test. The results of the study revealed that , the seroprevalence of the disease was 27.6 % . There were no significant differences in the seroprevalence in relation to sex and regions of the study (P ˃ 0.05 ). On other hand, the prevalence of PPR was higher significantly in the goats between 1 – 3 years of age compared with other age groups
New parasites of local duck recorded in Iraq with histopathological study
Authors: Al-Labban N. Q. M.
Published: January 2019

This study was conducted to determine endoparasites in local ducks in Al-Diwaniya province. A total of 80 birds were collected from different areas of Al-Diwaniya city. Examination of the internal organs and fecal samples revealed the infection of (47.5%) of total examined birds with parasites. These parasites involved three specieses recorded as first time in Iraq which were the nematode Hystrichis tricolour with percentage of infection (10%), trematode Tracheophilus cymbium with prevalence (7.5%) and protozoa Wenyonella philiplevinei (3.75%). Many histopathological changes were noticed in the internal organs due to parasitic infections. The histological sections from proventriculas show irregular arrangement of cells and increase the empty spaces among the cells of glands, also sections from lung show caseous necrosis and cellular oedema full most alveoli in the lung with infiltration of inflammatory cells and mucous discharge in the lumen of bronchioles, in cecum histological section reveal destruction of villi with desquamation of epithelial cells lining villi and infiltration of inflammatory cells (eosinophil) in sub mucosa.
Failure to detect Helicobacter pylori in tap water sources in Al- Najaf and Babylon provinces by using PCR based on ureB gene.
Authors: Hadi O.M.
Published: January 2019

500) sample collected from the study area, divided into (250) from the province of Najaf and (250) from the province of Babylon, and distributed by two models for each sample. I use the first model to estimate the level of free chloride , pH, dissolved substances college and temperature, while the use the other form of the same sample to check for the presence of bacteria in tap water in a PCR study showed a large disparity in the levels of pH, free chlorine, dissolved substances college and the temperature you two provinces were the highest percentages for the Abbasia in Najaf Ashraf and the least in the Alhaidariya in the same province study also demonstrated the existence of significant correlation between the level of free chloride each of the temperature, dissolved substances College and the pH while the highest in the region of Mahaweel in the province of Babylon, and the least in Jordan in the same area of the province and which should be mentioned to him the failure mode (PCR) in detecting the presence of Helicobacter pylori bacteria in tap water in the both provinces
Effect of Adiponectin Hormone on Serum Lipoproteins Levels in Female Rats
Authors: Al-Baka`a H, A. A.
Published: January 2019

This investigation aimed to study the effect of adiponectin hormone on serum lipoproteins levels in female rats. For this purpose, thirteen female rats were divided into treated and control groups. Each animal in the treated group received a daily intraperitoneal 25microgram does of adiponectin dissolved in 0.2ml normal saline for fifteen respective days. In the same time, each animal in the control group received a daily intraperitoneal 0.2ml normal saline for fifteen respective days. The animal has fasted for 12 hours after last dose administration. Blood samples were collected, and the sera obtained. Analysis showed a significant increase in the serum HDL level and a significant decrease in LDL concentration. AP < 0.05was considered significant.
Streptococcus agalactiae mastitis of bovine detection by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test in AL-Diwanyia province
Authors: Al-kuzaay Gh. K. A. , Kshash Q. H.
Published: January 2019

This study was conducted for exam 348 milk samples from (clinically mastitic and other healthy cows) in many areas in AL-Diwanyia province by using CMT and bacteriological testing , which appeared that (64.9%) as percentage of mastitis ( clinically 15.9% , subclinically 84.0% ) Streptococcus agalactiae mastitis 13.2% ( 26.6% clinically , 73.3 % subclinicaly) diagnose by PCR assay by using specific primer (16SrRNA). Streptococcus agalactiae (30 isolates) after classical methods applied for streptococcus agalactiae identification (86 isolates).
Effect of synthetic colorants (Sunset yellow and Ponceau 4R) in some biochemical and histopathological parameters of albino rats
Authors: AL-Dahhan M. A.H.
Published: January 2019

Color additives are used for a wide variety of purposes and in great amount. However,the sharp increase in the use of synthetic food colorants in the past few years and additionally there is an uncontrolled use of synthetic color. The present investigation is planned to illustrate the effects of two synthetic color additives(Sunset yellow and Ponceau 4R) for biochemical and histopathologically on liver and kidney of rats. Thirty adult Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into three equal groups as follows; Animals in control group (CG) served as the control group received distilled water, Sunset yellow group (SG) received Sunset yellow (2g/kg bw ) dissolved in distilled water, Ponceau group (PG) receive Ponceau 4R (4g/kg bw) dissolved in distilled water, treatments done for 45 days. Then the blood sample was collected from heart puncture to estimate serum urea, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and the liver and kidney were removed for histopathological study. The results showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in serum urea concentration (mg/dl) in SG and PG compared with CG, also a significant increase in AST and ALT compared with CG. The histological examination showed a fatty degeneration of the liver in (SG) while kidney showed (nephritis) meanwhile (PG) showed vacuolar degeneration with congestion in central vein of liver the kidney showed tubular degeneration. Therefore, synthetic colorants administration should not be used for large amount or for long period in man’s diet or drink.
Seroprevalence and molecular detection of Bovine Parainfluenza-3 Virus (BPI-3V)
Authors: AL-abudy Lina Shaheed
Published: January 2019

The study aims to investigate the presence of Bovine Parainfluenza-3 Virus (BPI-3V) by using direct Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Real-Time- quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction RT-qPCR technique and evaluation some clinical and epidemiological features of the disease. One hundred forty-seven (147) animals of different age (6 months to 8 years) and sex from different regions of Al-Diwaniya governorate that showed respiratory signs were examined between November 2012 and April 2013. Results of the clinical study showed that there was an increase in body temperature up to 40 C0, serous watery nasal discharge, increased respiratory rate, abnormal breath sound (loud, harsh sound, whistling or wheezing), and coughing. The infection rate by using direct ELISA test was (30.26 %). The spreading rate of BPIV-3 in relation to ages, regions and months of the years was (48%) in the age group 6 months-3 years, highest rate (60%) in December as compared with other months and Sedeer region recorded infection rate (40%). The results of Real Time-qPCR showed a high infection rate of BPI-3 virus 55.13% in cattle population as high sensitivity of this technique. Higher percentage recorded in tracheal tissue sample 60.60 % as compared with lungs tissue and nasal swabs in the percentage of 54.54% and 50%, respectively. In conclusion, there was a characteristic epidemiological feature of spreading of BPIV-3 in depending on age groups, different regions, and different months of the year.
Advance techniques in traumatic reticuloperitonitis diagnosis: review
Authors: Habasha Faisal G.
Published: January 2019

Traumatic reticulo-peritonitis (TRP) is a sporadic disease of ruminants that is caused by perforation of the reticulum by ingested foreign materials; it is a common reason for abdominal surgery in cattle. The disease may appear in forms of local and acute peritonitis, local chronic peritonitis and as unspecific form Anorexia, decrease in milk production, fever, ruminal stasis or ruminal hypomotility, tachypnea, grinding of teeth, reluctance to move and stance with an arched back and abducted elbows. The diagnoses are based on clinical examination, hematological examination, and other techniques.
Comparison of recoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using the automated BACTEC MGIT 960 System and Lowenstein – Jensen medium
Authors: A. Abdul Kareem Mo. A.AL-Mazini, T. Bukeet, and
Published: January 2019

We examined whether the BACTEC/ Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) System alone could supplant the use of a supplemental Lowenstein–Jensen (LJ) slant for routine recovery of M. tuberculosis from clinical specimens. A total of 392 specimens of sputum were included in the study, collected from 196 patients. Specimens were processed with standard N-acetyl- L- Cysteine (NALC-NaOH) method, then inoculated onto BACTEC MGIT 960 and onto LJ media. The recovery rates of M.tuberculosis were 100 % (256/256) with BACTEC MGIT 960 and 72.6%(186/256) with LJ. The rates of contamination for each of the system were 4.8%with BACTEC MGIT 960 and 5.3%with LJ. The TTD for M. tuberculosis was 11.3 days with BACTEC System and 30.8 days with LJ. The difference in TTD between smear positive and smear negative specimens for M.tuberculosis with BACTEC MGIT 960 was not statistically significant. This study shows that the BACTEC System demonstrates better sensitivity for the recovery of M. tuberculosis from clinical specimens.
Dystocia in goats, causes and treatment
Authors: N.W. Zaid S.O. Hussain, and
Published: January 2019

This study was conducted on 40 goats suffering from dystocia in Al-Ishakey station to the north of Baghdad. Their age ranged between (1-2.5) years. After careful clinical examination the females classified to three groups according to the causes of dystocia and treatment methods employed to relief the dystocia:1- The first group composed of (20) goats suffering from dystocia due to lateral deviation of head and neck, this group was treated by mutation and forced extraction to relief the case. All the feti are alive (12 males and 8 females). All these cases are single birth.2- The second group composed of (12) goats suffering from dystocia due to bilateral shoulder flexion associated with absolute fetal oversize, these cases were treated using partial fetatomy by removing the fore limbs from the shoulder region, all the feti were dead and their sexes were (8 males and 4 females). These cases are single birth.3- The third group (8) goats suffering from dysocia due to relative fetal oversize due to narrow and small pelvis of the dam, the caesarean section was performed to treat these cases and the feti borned are alive (10 males and 6 females) and the cases are twin birth.
Seroprevalence Coxiella burnetii among cows and sheep in Thi-Qar Province/ Iraq
Authors: Manager Journal , A. Abd-ul-husien J. Abed, A.A Salih, and
Published: January 2019

The aim of this study is detecting antibodies of phase I and phase II of Coxiella burnetii bacterium, the cause of Q-fever, a zoonotic diesase in humans and animals in Thi-Qar province.Out of 393 serum samples collected randomly from Thi-Qar province from aborted and non aborted cows and ewes, the results appeared that 29 (7.37%) samples of cows and ewes were seropositive for C. burnetii distributed as 16 seropositive samples of 172 cows (9.3%) and 13 seropositive samples of 221 sheep (5.8%).the most positive cases associated with abortion cases with ratio (92.3%) in ewes and (75%) in cows.
Study of propofol-thiopental mixture for induction of general anesthesia in xylazine premedicated Donkeys
Authors: L.M. AL-kattan O.A. Bader, and
Published: January 2019

The current study was conducted to evaluate the anesthetic quality produced by Propofol-Thiopental mixture (P-T) in six donkeys premedicated with Xylazine (X), (1.1 mg/kg IV). The intravenous dose schedule for P-T mixture was 1, 2 and 4 mg/kg of Propofol with 5 mg/kg of Thiopental Sodium, respectively. Each donkey was anesthetized three times with each dose of P-T, five minutes after X administration in random order at one-week intervals.The anesthetic parameters induction, duration of anesthesia, time to sedation and recovery times, cardiovascular parameters, respiratory parameters and incidence of side-effects were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed.The results of the present study revealed the presence of a wide range of differences in the quality of anesthesia between the three doses of P-T mixture. The high dose of P-T mixture (4 mg/kg+5 mg/kg) produced an ultra induction time (7±4 seconds), which was free of excitement with longer onsets of sleeping times (54 min). But, times to regain sternal and standing positions were longer with this dose. While, the low dose (1 mg/ kg+5 mg/kg) failed to produce narcosis. On the other hand, the (2 mg/kg+5 mg/kg) of P-T, produced smooth induction (17.5±3 seconds) with sufficient tracheal intubations. Time to narcosis was shorter than that produced by the higher dose (animal still recumbent) (19.1±4), but with rapid recovery time (25.8±5.6). The transient apnea observed in this study which was usually followed by administration of P-T mixture, was shorter (37.8±18 sec.) with the medium dose (2 mg/kg+5 mg/kg), compared to that with the higher dose.It could be concluded that P-T mixture (2mg/kg+5 mg/kg), is an excellent anesthetic protocol for induction of general anesthesia in donkeys. It is the first record for the use of this mixture for general anesthesia in this animal
An evaluation of the antifungal activity of some local medicinal plants against growth of Candida albicans in vitro
Authors: A. M. G. Al-Mohana J.S. Al-Hussaini, and
Published: January 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of the ethanolic extract of three local plants ( Elettaria cardamomum, Aloe vera, Thyme Vulgaris) against the growth of pathogenic Candida albicans in culture media. The antifungal activity was carried out by using agar well diffusion method. Ethanolic extracts of Elettaria cardamomum and Aloe vera inhibited the growth of Candida albicans isolates at all concentrations which tested in the present study (25, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 400) mg/ml, while the extract of Thymus vulgaris showed no activity against tested Candida albicans
Laparoscopic intrauterine insemination of Awassi ewes superovulated with equine chorionic gonadotropin
Authors: M. K. M. A. Al-Mola O. I. Azawi, and
Published: January 2019

The present study was undertaken to investigate the contribution of laparoscopic insemination to the improvement of fertilization and embryo recovery. The experiment was conducted in the breeding season. Twelve nonpregnant and cycling Awassi ewes of 3-4 years of age were randomly allocated in equal number (n = 6) to two groups. Each ewe was treated with progesterone impregnated intravaginal sponge for 12 days. All ewes were superovulated with eCG (equine chorionic gonadotropin) 1200 IU once by intramuscular injection 48 h prior to sponge removal. Ewes of group 1 were mated naturally at least two times with Awassi rams of proven fertility. Ewes of group 2 had intrauterine insemination and were conducted 44-46 h after sponge removal, under laparoscopic visualization of uterine horns, depositing 1 ml of semen in the distal portion of each uterine horn. Ovarian response was assessed by determining the number of corpora lutea by laparoscopy on day 6 after mating. Embryo recovery was performed by semi-laparoscopic and by flushing of both uterine horns. Results of the present study revealed a high number of unfertilized ova (P<0.05) was observed in ewes when naturally inseminated than ewes inseminated intrauterine using the laparoscopic technique. The higher rate of embryo recovery (P<0.05) was achieved when ewes inseminated via intrauterine (4.66 ± 0.66) than ewes naturally mated (2.16 ± 0.74). The fertilization rate in ewes inseminated intrauterine using laparoscopic techniques and naturally mated were 79.93% and 40.07%, respectively. Fertilization failure in ewes inseminated intrauterine using laparoscopic techniques and naturally mated were 7.37% and 49.35%, respectively. It could be concluded that the use of eCG to induce superovulation in Awassi ewes combined with laparoscopic intrauterine insemination can increase the fertilization rate.
Dermatitis in sheep in Mosul area
Authors: Youkhana S.O.
Published: January 2019

Dermatitis in (25) sheep showing the different distribution of the lesions was classified pathologically to acute, subacute, and chronic dermatitis. Grossly, the lesions were characterized by alopecia, erythema, exudation, ulceration, scale and crust formation. Histopathological sections revealed degeneration, spongiosis, intercellular edema with diffuse leukocytic infiltration predominantly neutrophils, lymphocytes and eosinophils in the dermal layer of the skin. The lesions were more progressive in chronic dermatitis.
Pathological study 0f the toxic effect of paracetamol on reproductive organs in white mice
Authors: S. K. Majeed A. G. Rhayf, and
Published: January 2019

In present study use 40 mice (20 male and 20 females) divided into 4 groups, each grouphas 10 mice.The first group gave distal water considered as control group. The second (lowdose group) gave 28.5 mg / kg B.W. paracetamol. The third group(intermediate dose group)gave 57 mg / kg B.W. paracetamol and fourth group(high dose group) gave 114 mg / kg B.W.paracetamol daily for 6 month. Also there was another group considerd as peracute dosegroup(supra toxic) contains from 2 males and 2 females gave 342 mg / kg B.W. (for 2weeks).The toxic and supra toxic dose 0f paracetamol caused macroscopic and microscopicchanges in male and female reproductive organs in white mice
Analgesic effect of the aqueous extract of Artimisia herba alba Arial part
Authors: I. K. Khalil Sh. M. Al-khazrji , and
Published: January 2019

The present study was aimed to investigate the analgesic effects of the aqueous extract of Artemisia herba alba Arial part in rats and mice ( AEAHA ). The AEAHA (400- 700 mg/kg; p.o.) was evaluated for its analgesic activity by employing acetic acid-induced writhing test, hot plate test and tail immersion tests i.e. in hot and cold water. AEAHA (400- 700 mg/kg; p.o.) showed significant (P<0.01) reduction in the number of writhing induced by acetic acid,increased reaction time in hot plate test and elevated pain threshold in hot and cold water tests. AEAHA exhibited the dose-dependent analgesic effects
Chemical Study of Fruits of Rhus coriaria
Authors: Sh. S.Salah S. Y. O. AL-Jubory, A. A. M. AL-Saltany, and
Published: January 2019

Chemical screening of fruits of R. coriaria was revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, and saponins. The percentage of active constituents of terpenoids, methanol extract, alkaloids, glycosides, and phenols were: (11.85 31.7, 2.3, 2.48 and 5.9 ) % respectively. Petroleum ether extract of R.coriaria was brown waxy at 8°C and 25 °C, oily at 70°C with density of 0.965 g/ml3.
Autoimmune study in toxoplasmosis women
Authors: S. M. Al-Fatlawi N. N. A'aiz, B. A. Sultan, and
Published: January 2019

The effecting of toxoplasmosis in the production of autoantibodies was studied through threemarkers, anti-nuclear antibody (ANA), anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) andrheumatoid factor (RF). The immunofluorescent technique (IFAT) was used to estimate theANA and ANCA, It was found that 9.8% and 5.5% of toxoplasmosis patients had ANA andANCA respectively, but with no significant differences (P>0.05) when comparing with the control group of each one. RF was tested by LAT and revealed that 10% of both infectedwomen and healthy controls had antibodies against RF with no significant differences(P>0.05) between them.
Study of some toxicological aspects of Alfa-cypermethrin in rabbits
Authors: N. K. M. Al-Nakeeb Dh. R.H. Al-Fetly And
Published: January 2019

This study was conducted to evaluate the immediate alterations that occur in rabbitsafter acute toxicity with single oral dose of cypermethrin. Twenty one rabbits were randomlydivided into three equal groups: treated groups (A1), (A2) and control group used in thisstudy. Groups (A1), (A2) received orally cypermethrin in dose of (25, 50 mg/kg body weight)respectively, While control group received normal saline at same time. Most obvious clinicalsings in the treated groups were Restlessness, salivation, licking of legs and face, frequenturination, muscular tremor, incoordination, and ataxia appeared in dose dependent manner. Inaddition, significantly increased in respiratory rate and heart rate in treated groups comparedwith control group and appeared petechial hemorrhage and congestion in the conjunctiva intreated groups. The blood samples were taking to evaluate some of blood parameters includes(RBC counts, WBC counts, PLT counts, Hb concentration, PCV, RBCs indices (MCV, MCH,MCHC, RDW -CV and RDW - SD), PDW, MPV, P-LCR and some biochemical study asALT and AST. Two rabbits from each group were killed to evaluate the histopathologicalalteration in liver. The statistical analysis revealed that there were significant decreased inRBC counts and Hb concentration (P<0.05) in treated groups (A1), (A2) as compared withcontrol group. The PCV percentage, platelet counts and MCHC values revealed significantdecreased (P<0.05) between group (A2) and control group. The RDW-SD, RDW-CV valveswere significantly increased (p<0.05) between group (A1) and control group. Other parameterstudied did not show significant differences between treated groups and control group. Thestatistical analysis revealed that the levels of ALT and AST were significantly elevated(P<0.05) in (A1 and A2) groups as compared with control group. In gross appearance therewere petechial hemorrhage and erosion of liver parenchyma. Histopathological study revealedthat there were engorgement of hepatic vein with presence of extravasated RBCs between thehepatocytes in group (A1), while group (A2) the hepatocytes undergo atrophy and severenecrosis and destruction with infiltration of polymorphnuclear leukocytes and engorgement ofsome portal trait with bile secretion
Polymorphism larval stages of Oestrus ovis isolated from frontal sinuses and horn cavities of sheep’s head Slay in Basrah abattoir
Authors: Al-Amura M. F.
Published: January 2019

The study include isolated larvae of Oestrus ovis of diptera from frontal sinuses and horncavities of sloughted sheep heads. It could be differentiation from another species of Dipterawhich cause myiasis by some characters. Three stages of the larvae were isolated. In generallythe larva stages contain eleven segment, cephalopharngeal skeleton connect with two hooks. Thecharacteristic of L1 stage were white in color, measured L1(3-4mm) in length ,have not spinesand structure of posterior spiracular have D shape & yellow in color whereas internally smallstructure like D shape was present with brown color and the pits or pores occur in whole structure. The L2 stages are slightly grey in color ,measurement was (6-12mm ). In contrast the L3( 20-19mm), with grey to brown in color and have plate dark brown to black color on dorsal surface.posterior spiracular of L2 & L3 stages have D shape and brown in colors with many spreadpores, the ventral surface tegument contain three arrows of spines. Third instar larvae aredeveloped and become pupate during 6- 12 hours out of animal body
Histopathological changes in kidney, Adrenal gland and Skin due to the Effect of Captopril in Mice
Authors: S. K.Majeed H.A. N.AL-Zaiydi And
Published: January 2019

The present study project was on toxic pathology of captopril (antihypertension drug). Thestudy was done on 44 white mice of 1-1.5 months old (males and females), the mice weredivided into four equal groups of 10 mice (5 of each sex), for 6 months. The groups included:untreated control, low therapeutic dose( 2.1 mg / kg), intermediate dose( 6.3 mg / kg) and highdose (toxic) 18.9 mg / kg, daily for 6 months . In addition a peracute high toxicity group treatedat 56.7 mg/kg day, dosage level for two weeks (2 males and 2 females). Histopathologicalexamination showed that captopril affected certain visceral organs as target organs, such askidney which showed dilated cortical tubules, adrenal gland with evidence of reduced size ofmedulla and angioedema of the lip region and areas of thickened epidermal layer.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN MANUR BROILER DENGAN FERMENTASI Lactobacillus casei TERHADAP KONVERSI PAKAN AYAM KAMPUNG
Authors: Nururrozi Alfarisa , Indarjulianto Soedarmanto , Ramandani Dhasia , Yanuartono Yanuartono
Published: January 2019

The Effect of Broiler Manure with Lactobacillus casei Fermentation on the Kampung Chicken Feed Convertion Ratio ABSTRACTHusbandry of kampung chicken is constrained by high feed prices and poor productivity. This study aims to utilize alternative feed materials derived from broiler manure to obtain a cheaper feed with good quality. Manure contains high nutrients. Manure was fermented using Lactobacillus casei to improve feed conversion. Two hundred chickens were divided into 4 groups (n = 50). Groups P1, P2, and P3 were given 4%, 8%, and 12% fermentation of L. casei, respectively. Group P0 was given a regular feed without L. casei. Each treatment group consisted of four replicates and were maintained for 60 days. The research design used was Completely Randomized Design subjected to analysis of variant (ANOVA) followed by Duncan test. The feed conversion values of groups P0, P1, P2, and P3 were 4.46; 4.38; 4.21; and 4.54, respectively. The results showed that the feed conversion was not significant in all groups. It was concluded that L. casei fermenter could not improve the feed conversion ratio (FCR).Keywords: FCR, fermentation, kampung chicken, Lactobacillus casei, manure ABSTRAKBudidaya ayam kampung terkendala tingginya harga pakan dan rendahnya produktivitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan memanfaatkan pakan alternatif bersumber manur (limbah kotoran) ayam broiler untuk memperoleh pakan murah dengan kualitas baik. Manur broiler masih mengandung nutrisi yang tinggi. Manur difermentasi menggunakan Lactobacillus casei untuk memperbaiki konversi pakan. Dua ratus ekor ayam dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok (n=50 ekor). Kelompok P1, P2, dan P3 masing-masing diberi ransum yang ditambah fermentasi L. casei sebanyak 4%, 8%, dan 12%. Kelompok P0 diberikan pakan biasa tanpa penambahan L. casei. Setiap kelompok perlakuan terdiri dari empat ulangan dipelihara selama 60 hari. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan analisis ragam yang dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Konversi pakan dari kelompok P0, P1, P2, dan P3 berturut-turut 4,46; 4,38; 4,21; dan 4,54.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konversi pakan tidak berbeda nyata pada semua kelompok perlakuan. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan penggunaan fermenter L.casei pada pakan belum mampu memperbaiki konversi pakan.Kata Kunci: ayam kampung, FCR, fermentasi, Lactobacillus casei, manur
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK KAPANG ENDOFIT Cb.Gm.B3 ASAL RANTING KAYU MANIS (Cinnamomum burmanni)
Authors: Rachman Fauzy , Mubarik Nisa Rachmania , Simanjuntak Partomuan
Published: January 2019

Antioxidant Activity of Endophytic Fungi Cb.Gm.B3 Extract from Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanni) TwigsABSTRACTThere are many degenerative diseases that are caused by a free radical effect. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanni) contains cinnamaldehyde compounds that have activity as a powerful antioxidant and fight free radicals. Endophytic fungi can be found in cinnamon plants living symbiotically. Endophytic fungi produce a variety of bioactive metabolites including antioxidants. This research was conducted to isolate endophytic fungi from C. burmanni plant which is active as antioxidant. Endophytic fungi isolation was carried out using surface sterilization method and cultivated in PDA media. Antioxidant activity test was performed using free radical 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Selected isolates were then identified molecularly to determine their species. A total of nine fungi were isolated from cinnamon twigs. The result showed that the highest antioxidant activity was obtained from Cb.Gm.B3 with IC50 of 13.219 ± 0.755 µg/mL. The selected isolate Cb.Gm.B3 taxonomically has a high similarity with Neofusicoccum parvum isolate PEL23 (Accession no: KY053054.1).Keywords: antioxidant, Cinnamomum burmanni, 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, endophytic fungi, Neofusicoccum parvum ABSTRAKKayu manis (Cinnamomum burmanni) mengandung senyawa sinamaldehid yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antioksidan kuat dan dapat menangkal radikal bebas. Dalam tanaman kayu manis terdapat kapang endofit yang hidup bersimbiosis. Kapang endofit dapat menghasilkan berbagai senyawa metabolit bioaktif termasuk antioksidan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengisolasi kapang endofit dari tanaman C. burmanni yang aktif sebagai antioksidan. Isolasi kapang endofit dilakukan menggunakan metode sterilisasi permukaan dan ditanam pada media PDA. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan menggunakan metode peredaman radikal bebas dengan reagen 2.2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH). Isolat terpilih diidentifikasi secara molekuler untuk menentukan spesiesnya. Sebanyak 9 isolat kapang berhasil diisolasi dari jaringan ranting tanaman kayu manis. Aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi (IC50) didapatkan dari isolat Cb.Gm.B3 sebesar 13,219 ± 0,755 µg/mL. Isolat terpilih Cb.Gm.B3 secara taksonomi memiliki tingkat kemiripan yang tinggi dengan Neofusicoccum parvum isolat PEL23 (No. aksesi: KY053054.1).Kata Kunci: antioksidan, Cinnamomum burmanni, 2.2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil, kapang endofit, Neofusicoccum parvum