bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment and Prognostic significance of renal dysfunction in acute stroke patients
Authors: Jain Pallav , Sardana Vijay
Published: March 2021

During hospitalization due to stroke, patients can have acute kidney injury (AKI) as a possible complication which is frequently overlooked and underestimated in clinical trials.

To assess the prevalence of renal dysfunction in acute stroke patients and to assess its prognostic significance

A total of 100 patients were recruited for this study with diagnosis of stroke. Renal dysfunction was evaluated in the form of Acute kidney injury and unrecognized renal dysfunction (Baseline Normal serum Creatnine<1.2 mg/dl with EGFR< 60 ml/min on admission). The primary functional outcome was measured using the modified Rankin Scale at the time of discharge, 1 month after stroke onset.

Analysis of data was done using SPSS-17.Independent t-test and chi-square test were used to calculate difference between two groups

Our study shows prevalence of acute kidney injury in patients of stroke is 15%. Moreover, the study showed that AKI after stroke was associated with higher in-hospital mortality and poorer functional outcome at 1 month.

Acute kidney injury appears to be a common complication after stroke and is related to increased mortality and disability in stroke.

AKI is common complication after stroke and frequent cause of poor functional outcome.
Assessment of changing trends of risk factors contributing to Intellectual Disability – A retrospective study
Authors: Shankar S , Rajeswari M
Published: March 2021

The etiology of Intellectual Disability is varied and difficult to establish. Reports from India on the spectrum of underlying causative factors are lacking. So this retrospective study was conducted to identify the various etiologies of Intellectual Disability (ID).

Study was conducted at a tertiary care center. The etiology of ID was ascertained after clinical assessment. Two groups were ascertained Group A those who were born in 2000 and before and group B those who were born in 2001 and after. The spectrum of causative conditions was identified.

In both groups the prevalence of ID was higher among males than in females. No major difference in domicile was noted. More than 75% children were off springs of non-consanguineous parents. Most of them belong to mild ID (45%) in both groups. The etiological yield was 18.33% in group A and 11.66% in group B with Prenatal cause, followed by perinatal 48.33% in group A and 55% in group B, being the most common and postnatal cause 8.33% and 5% in group A and B respectively .Idiopathic causes constitute 20% in group A and 25% in group B, Few cases fall under multiple etiologies.

It is possible to ascertain the diagnosis in most of the cases of intellectual disability. The prenatal and postnatal causes are decreasing due to awareness of Antenatal checkup, and active treatment respectively. But the Perinatal cause, which is preventable one, is increasing, which needs active intervention; also idiopathic cause which needs thorough screening.
Prediction of subthalamic nucleus neural tissue dimensions using high compactness microrecording recording system in Parkinson‘s with deep brain stimulation
Authors: Rama Raju Venkateshwarla
Published: March 2021

S T N – D B S alleviates P D motoric manifestations (the features or signs and symptoms) by means of stimulating specific dimensions/sizes of neural-tissue accurately. Whilst the effectiveness of point of electrode contact (P E C) has been illustrated neuro electro physiological and anatomical structural correlates clinically, restorative stimuli acts liable during many discrete neural populations, imposing classification of the complete period of tissue action or movement activity. Yet, the MER acquisitions have to be planned or mapped to constructive and concerned valuable or targeting tissue movement and its dimensions examined for analytical and prognostic signs. The M E R signals of S T N were acquired from 12 PD subjects with a microrecording machine The results showed that there is a huge variant in the division of restorative tissue moment athwart the M E R identified S T N. Logistic L A S S O applied to the training set identified six oscillatory predictors of therapeutic tissue activation: α-alpha, β-beta, θ-theta, high γ-gamma, high frequency fluctuations-200e400Hertz, and high-frequency-band-500e2000Hertz, also to communiqué-interface-terms: θ-theta×hbf, α×β, β×hbf, and high γ-gamma×hff. A support vector classifier exploiting these features predicted therapeutic spots-of-activation with 64%sensitivity and 82%specificity in the test-set, outperforming a β-beta classifier merely. A probabilistic predictor achieved 0.87area under the receiver-operator curve by means of test-data. Simultaneously, our findings reveal the significancy of custom-made targets and corroborate set-of-MER-recording patterns to envision therapeutic-establishment quantity or degree of-volumes. The features extracted and extrapolated in this study can be applied to advance the efficacy of DBS encoding and underline precise neural fluctuations of neuro electro physiological sinificancy.
Association of systemic cardio-vasculature status with retinal vascular endothelium in diabetes
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, City General Hospital “8th of September”, Pariska bb, Skopje 1000, Macedonia, Dimitrova Galina
Published: March 2021

The relationship between diabetic retinopathy and macro-vascular complications in diabetes suggests a pathogenic association between these conditions. Vascular endothelium has been identified as a main site of blood vessel injury in diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy is associated with systemic arterial stiffness and altered vascular endothelium function and structure. Retinal vasculature endothelium at the macula, arterio-venous crossings, and in the optic nerve at the lamina cribrosa region is reported to differ from the endothelium in the rest of the retinal blood vessels. The central retinal artery and vein are in close proximity in the optic nerve where they share a common adventitia; thus, increased arterial wall stiffness and thickness may affect blood flow in the neighboring central retinal vein in this region. Moreover, increased arterial stiffness in small arterial beds is associated with retinal venular widening; it suggests the possibility of central retinal artery compressing the central retinal vein at the lamina cribrosa, thereby compromising venular outflow in the retina of diabetic patients. Altered blood flow in the central retinal vein in the postlaminar region has been detected in patients who experience progression of diabetic retinopathy. Increased hydrostatic pressure in the central retinal vein may play a major role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. The aim of this review article is to emphasize this pathogenetic mechanism that has often been overlooked.
COVID-19 in Healthcare Workers and Serving Safe Healthcare During the Pandemic
Authors: Al-Maani Amal S. , Al-Abri Seif S.
Published: March 2021

NONE
The Potential of Light Microscopic Features of the Oral Mucosa in Predicting Post-mortem Interval
Authors: Patro Jagganath , Panda Swagatika , Mohanty Neeta , Mishra Uma S.
Published: March 2021

Objectives: The post-mortem interval (PMI) refers to the amount of time elapsed between death and discovery of the body. This study aimed to evaluate light microscopic cellular changes in the oral mucosa and identify the potential of this method for predicting PMI. Methods: This prospective study was conducted between July 2016 and January 2018 at the Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, India. A total of 150 post-mortem (including 75 gingival and 75 buccal mucosa samples) and 40 ante-mortem (including 20 gingival and 20 buccal mucosa samples) tissue samples were compared using haematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and van Gieson stains. Microscopic changes in the epithelium and connective tissue were categorised according to PMI stage as early (<12.5 hours since death), intermediate (12.5–20.5 hours since death) or late (>20.5 hours since death). Results: Most epithelial cellular changes occurred early, except for arc-shaped nuclei and epithelial shredding which were intermediate and late changes, respectively. However, microscopic changes in the connective tissue were only observable at ≥12.5 hours. There was a progressive decrease in intensity in van Gieson stains and an increase in intensity in PAS stains as PMI increased. Several microscopic features were found to be significant predictors of PMI including epithelial homogenisation, cytoplasmic vacuolation, nuclear degeneration, arc-shaped nuclei, chromatin clumping, red blood cell clumping and lysis, melanin incontinency, myofibril degeneration, salivary gland acini degeneration and epithelial connective tissue separation (P <0.050 each). Conclusion: These findings indicate that microscopic evaluation of the oral mucosa may be helpful for PMI prediction.
 
KEYWORDS
Post-mortem Changes; Light Microscopy; Oral Mucosa; Epithelial Cells; Lamina Propria; Salivary Glands; Histocytochemistry; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction; India.
Follow-Up Study on the Effect of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy on Haemodialysis Adherence
Authors: Valsaraj Blessy P. , Bhat Shripathy M. , Prabhu Ravindra , Kamath Asha
Published: March 2021

Objectives: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing haemodialysis often experience a myriad of psychosocial problems, resulting in poor adherence to their therapeutic regimen. This study aimed to examine the effect of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) on dialysis, fluid, drug and diet adherence among a previously reported sample of CKD patients undergoing haemodialysis. Methods: A randomised controlled trial was conducted between January 2013 to Febrary 2014 on a random selection of 67 CKD patients attending a tertiary multispecialty hospital in India. The experimental group (n = 33) was exposed to CBT, whereas the control group (n = 34) received non-directive counselling. A haemodialysis adherence scale was developed and used to assess adherence to the treatment regimen. The effect size was calculated using Cohen’s d statistics. Results: At six months, mean reductions from baseline were observed in the experimental group in terms of interdialytic weight gain (−1.23 kg; effect size: 0.57), systolic blood pressure (−22.18 mmHg; effect size: 0.71) and diastolic blood pressure (−10.06 mmHg; effect size: 0.72), whereas mean increases were noted in haemoglobin (+0.75 g/dL; effect size: 0.31) and adherence to dialysis (+0.94; effect size: 0.51), fluids (+16.34; effect size: 2.30), diet (+61.19; effect size: 4.75) and drugs (+10.73; effect size: 1.3). Differences from baseline were significantly higher in the experimental group compared to the control group (P = 0.001 each). Conclusion: These results show that CBT is more effective than non-directive counselling for improving therapeutic adherence and physiological, clinical parameters among CKD patients undergoing haemodialysis.
 
KEYWORDS
Chronic Kidney Disease; Hemodialysis; Patient Adherence; Cognitive Behavior Therapy; Hemoglobin; Weight Gain; Blood Pressure; Randomized Controlled Trial.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Falls Among the Elderly in Unaizah City, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alabdullgader Abdullaziz , Rabbani Unaib
Published: March 2021

Objectives: Falls and fall-related consequences are a major public health problem in the elderly. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of falls and fall-related risk factors among elderly individuals in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between January and October 2019 among 280 elderly patients aged >60 years old attending 10 randomly selected primary healthcare centres in Unaizah City, Qassim Province, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using the validated 10-item Missouri Alliance for Home Care (MAHC-10) fall risk assessment tool. Results: A total of 269 participants were included in the study (response rate: 96.1%). The prevalence of falls over the preceding year was 31.6%. Females fell more frequently than males (34.5% versus 28.5%) and most falls occurred indoors (84.7%). Various risk factors were associated with fall risk including being aged >80 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 5.17, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.66–16.14), polypharmacy (aOR: 2.40, 95% CI: 1.01–5.71) and environmental factors (aOR: 2.79, 95% CI: 1.24–6.28). However, more educated participants had a lower risk of falling (aOR: 0.26, 95% CI: 0.09–0.77). There was also a significant association with the MAHC-10 fall risk score (P = 0.043). Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of falls among the elderly in Unaizah City. Various factors were associated with falls including advanced age, polypharmacy, age-related changes and environmental factors. As the majority of fall events occurred indoors, home safety improvements are recommended. Moreover, additional larger-scale research is necessary regarding fall-related risk factors and fall prevention initiatives among elderly individuals in Saudi Arabia.
 
KEYWORDS
Elderly; Falls; Geriatrics; Public Health; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Saudi Arabia.
Complications and Management of Totally Implantable Central Venous Access Ports in Cancer Patients at a University Hospital in Oman
Authors: D'Souza Philomena C. , Kumar Shiyam , Kakaria Annupam , Al-Sukaiti Rashid , Al-Baimani Khalid , Hamid Rana S. , Mittal Alok K. , Al-Balushi Muna , Burney Ikram A. , Al-Moundhri Mansour S.
Published: March 2021

Objectives: Totally implantable central venous access ports (port-a-caths) are increasingly used for the safe administration of chemotherapy; however, their use is associated with complications. This study reviews patterns of complications, reasons for premature removal and the duration of the use of port-a-caths in patients receiving cancer treatment at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH) and compares the infection rate with the literature and the researchers’ experiences. Methods: This retrospective follow-up study included patients who had received cancer treatment through a port-a-cath and were admitted to SQUH between January 2007 and April 2019. Demographic features, underlying diagnosis, clinical stage, treatment, duration of use and the cause of premature removal of the port-a-cath were recorded. Results: A total of 516 port-a-caths were inserted in 482 cancer patients. The majority of devices were implanted by interventional radiologists (n = 459; 89.0%) and the right internal jugular vein was most frequently accessed (n = 396; 76.7%). The mean indwelling time of a port-a-cath was 288 days (range: 3–1,872 days) for patients with complications and 550 days (range: 7–3,123 days) for patients without complications. Port-a-cath-related infection was the main complication (n = 63; 12.2%). Patient age, gender, treatment intent, underlying diagnosis, clinical stage, chemotherapy regimen, number of treatment courses, operator implanting the port, the type of micro-organism isolated from the port-a-cath and body mass index were significant factors affecting catheter indwelling time (P <0.05). On multivariate analysis, however, none of the factors was found to be significant. Conclusion: Infection was the most common complication necessitating port-a-cath removal. The infection rate was much lower than the researchers’ previous experience and compares favorably with several published reports.
 
KEYWORDS
Port-A-Cath; Vascular Access Ports; Catheter-Related Infections; Cancer; Oman.
A Novel Technique for the Reconstructive Formation of an Annular Hymen in Cases of Postpubertal Imperforate Hymen
Authors: Darwish Atef M.
Published: March 2021

Objectives: Imperforate hymen (IH) is a common genital tract anomaly in women which usually presents after puberty. However, surgical treatment is often considered controversial in religious or conservative communities for sociocultural reasons. This study therefore aimed to assess the efficacy of a novel reconstructive technique involving the preservation of the annular hymen. Methods: This prospective interventional study was performed between July 2013 and October 2019 at the minimally invasive surgery unit of a tertiary university hospital in Egypt. A total of 36 women presenting with primary amenorrhoea and haematocolpus were diagnosed with postpubertal IH. A circular hymenotomy was performed on each patient using a 10 mm laparoscopy trocar tip and sleeve to form a new annular hymen under general anaesthesia while preserving the annular hymen. The primary outcome measure was the persistence of hymenal patency and integrity at follow-up. The secondary outcome measure included post-operative patient satisfaction and pain relief. Results: The reported technique was feasible in all cases without intraoperative complications. Patency of the reconstructed annular hymen was confirmed at follow-up in all cases; moreover, no intraoperative complications were reported. There was a significant post-operative improvement in pain scores (P <0.001). Both the patients and their parents/guardians reported a high level of satisfaction with the technique. Conclusion: This novel technique for the correction of IH involving the reconstruction of an annular hymen was found to be a safe, minimally invasive and effective procedure. This technique should be considered a feasible alternative to a conventional hymenotomy as it allows for the resumption of normal hymenal anatomy without overtreatment.
 
KEYWORDS
Congenital Abnormalities; Imperforate Hymen; Hematocolpos; Amenorrhea; Colpotomy; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures; Treatment Outcome; Egypt.
Managing Vascular Surgery Emergencies and Referrals During the COVID-19 Pandemic at a Tertiary Centre in Oman
Authors: Stephen Edwin , Al-Adawi Sara S.H. , Abdelhady Ibrahim , Al Mawali Hanan , Al-Wahaibi Khalifa
Published: March 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to discuss the different challenges faced while managing emergency vascular surgery cases during the COVID-19 pandemic and how these challenges were overcome. Methods: This study details 14 emergency cases that were managed during a period of one month from mid-March to mid-April at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman. The cases included acute limb ischaemia, critical limb ischaemia, type B dissection of the thoracic aorta, thoraco-abdominal aneurysm, critical internal carotid artery stenosis, trauma, infected arteriovenous forearm loop graft and thrombosed arteriovenous fistulas. Results: Only one patient was confirmed to have COVID-19. Five were negative for COVID-19 while the remaining eight were not tested. Various strategies on how the vascular surgical team accommodated changes in hospital protocols and nationwide lockdown are discussed in detail. Conclusions: With the judicious use of personal protective equipment and consumable surgical and endovascular devices, communication with support services and other hospitals and implementation of triage protocols, it was possible to manage vascular surgery emergencies effectively.
 
KEYWORDS
COVID-19; Vascular Surgery; Emergencies; Oman.
Giant Left Atrium with a Large Thrombus
Authors: Sadiq Muhammad A. , Ba Omar Hafidh A.
Published: March 2021

NONE
Incidence of Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Patients with Hypothyroidism
Authors: Raju Priyadarshini , V Shreyas Kumar
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder which affects 11 % of the adult population in western countries. Hypothyroidism can cause a wide variety of anaemic disorders. Patients with both hypothyroidism and Vitamin B12 deficiency also have similar symptoms. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between the two and also hypothyroidism due to autoimmune cause. METHODS This was a descriptive study of 50 newly detected hypothyroid patients from Rajarajeswari Medical College evaluated for vitamin B12 deficiency. The study was conducted between January 10th 2019 to July 21st 2019. Lab parameters analysed included haemoglobin, thyroid function test (TFT), vitamin B12 levels and antithyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibody levels. RESULTS Of the 50 hypothyroid patients evaluated, 23 were males and 27 were females between the age of 18 to 70 years. Anti TPO antibodies were present in 24 patients (48 %) out of 50, out of which 17 (70 %) patients had vitamin B12 deficiency. Out of 50 hypothyroid patients, 26 patients (52 %) had vitamin B12 deficiency. Thus hypothyroidism and autoimmune thyroid disease was associated with Vitamin B12 deficiency which was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Patients with hypothyroidism were studied for the incidence of deficiency of vitamin B12. It was found that 26 of 50 (52 %) patients had low B 12 levels. Incidence in females (54 %) was more than in males (46 %). Our study showed association between hypothyroidism and vitamin B12 deficiency and also autoimmune thyroid disease. KEYWORDS Hypothyroidism, Autoimmune Thyroid Disease, Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Occupational Exposure to Vegetable Oil: a Risk Factor of Blood Lipid Disorder
Authors: Omidi Fariborz , Barzegar Akbar , Soltani Bita , Gharagozlou Faramarz , Pasdar Yahya , Darandi Mitra
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Few pieces of evidence are available about the association between occupational exposure to vegetable oil and the risk of blood lipid problems. This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between exposure to vegetable oil and blood lipid profile in a vegetable oil factory.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study was carried out on 30 male workers exposed to vegetable oil as an exposed group and 30 male office workers as an unexposed group in a vegetable oil factory. Blood lipid profiles as total cholesterol, triglycerides, Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), and High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) were measured by analyzing the blood samples in both groups in a clinical laboratory.
Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, body weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI), and physical activity. The results showed significantly higher mean levels of triglyceride and LDL in the exposed group compared to the unexposed group (P < 0.001), while HDL mean levels in the exposed group were significantly lower than the unexposed group (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: The findings revealed the possible association between blood lipid disorders and occupational exposures to vegetable oil. Further researches are proposed to study the mechanisms of occupational respiratory and skin lipid absorptions in different types of vegetable oils.
Behavioral and Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Treatment Among Older Patients Receiving Medical Care for HIV Infection in Iran
Authors: Rasoolinejad Mehrnaz , Asadollahi-Amin Ali , Ghadimi Fateme , Mojahed Masoudeh , Dadras Omid , Moradmand-Badie Banafesheh , Hassan Nezhad Malihe , SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad
Published: March 2021

Background: Although the number of new HIV infections continues to decline in Iran, the number of HIV-infected patients aged ≥50 years continues to rise due to the introduction of new treatment and longer survival. The higher prevalence of medical comorbidities and treatment failure in this population is a critical challenge in HIV treatment. In the present study, prevalence of comorbidities, rate of response to treatment, and results of HIV drug resistance tests were explored in older patients.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary referral HIV center in Tehran, Iran. The data for all the HIV-positive patients older than 50 years old were collected by reviewing their medical records within the last 15 years. Data included demographic and behavioral characteristics, immunologic and virologic response, rate of treatment failure, and HIV resistance.
Results: The records for 100 patients with a mean age of 62.5 (range 50-79) years were reviewed and analyzed. Medical comorbidities were observed in 20% of the patients, with HCV co-infection, diabetes mellitus, and neuropsychiatric impairments being the most common. Complete immunologic and virologic responses were respectively observed in 88 and 97% of patients. The treatment regimen was modified in 66 patients, with drug side effects being the reason in 63 patients (95.4%). HIV drug resistance tests showed a low rate of resistance (<10%) to all drugs used in this population.
Conclusion: Our findings highlight the high prevalence of comorbidities in older HIV-positive individuals in Iran. A thorough endocrine and neuropsychiatric assessment at each visit is recommended for these patients. Access to an appropriate psychosocial support system will ensure earlier detection of HIV infection and comorbidities in the older population, and will undoubtedly improve the treatment outcome and quality of life among them.
Postoperative Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Surgeries during COVID-19 Pandemic Era
Authors: Talebpour Mohammad , Zabihi Mahmoudabadi Hossein , Majidi Fazeleh , Elyasinia Fezzeh , Ashegh Hossein , Toolabi Karamollah \ , Soroush Ahmadreza , Jalali Seyed Mehdi , Najjari Khosrow
Published: March 2021

Background: A novel human coronavirus (COVID-19) was reported in China at the beginning of 2020 and then emerged as a pandemic. Due to this pandemic, surgical practices changed worldwide. First, postponing elective surgeries to the end of pandemic was suggested. Therefore, conducting safe surgeries became a critical concern.
Methods: This is a multicenter prospective study. The data of 85 patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery in this pandemic era were recorded to evaluate their postoperative outcomes.
Results: Among all patients with mean age of 43.7±15.6 and mean surgical duration of 94.6 minutes, none of them showed any complication or any COVID-19 related symptoms after surgery or in follow up time. The mean hospital stay was 3.5 days.
Conclusion: There was no increased risk of postoperative complications and COVID-19 infection for patients undergoing various types of laparoscopic surgery in this study and laparoscopy was safe for the patients.
The Influence of Demographic Features and Psychological Constructs on Observing Government-Advised Preventive Measures for COVID-19: The Case of Iran
Authors: Tabibi Zahra , Abedini Elaheh , Gholipour Fatemeh , Hojjat Seyed kaveh , Amini Mahnaz
Published: March 2021

Background: The study aimed to assess how people change their social and health-related behavior in the context of COVID-19 epidemic in Iran. To this end, the theory of planned behavior was applied for predicting compliance with government-advised preventive measures. An attempt was made to examine how groups of people in terms of age, gender, educational level, income level, marital status, and health condition were observing the government-advised preventive measures.
Methods: Totally, 5021 people above the age of 15 years responded to an online questionnaire that included items related to demographic features, compliance with COVID-19 preventive  behavioral guidelines (home quarantine, avoiding social gathering, keeping physical distance of 1.5-2 meters, frequent hand sanitization, and avoiding shopping and outside recreation), TPB constructs (behavioral attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, intentions to do the preventive behavior), and risk perception. The study was descriptive and conducted in year 2020.
Results: T-test, ANOVA, and correlations indicated that younger individuals, men, singles, people with lower educational levels, lower income level and no health condition reported lower compliance. Regression showed that intentions, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norm were associated with higher compliance. Furthermore, in regression, young age, male gender, and lower level of education were associated with lower compliance with C-19 PB.
Conclusion: Young males with lower level of education infrequently comply with government-advised preventive measures. Also, intention, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norm are related to compliance with government-advised preventive measures.
The Relationship Between Electronic Media And Sex Behavior Among Early Adolescents In Junior High School In Tasikmalaya
Authors: Daryanti Eneng , Sansuwito Tukimin , Elba Fardila
Published: March 2021

Based on the 2018 Survey on Adolescent Reproductive Health (SKKR) conducted by the Population and Family Planning Agency (BKKBN) as many as 29.5% of young men and 6.2% of young women have touched or stimulated their partners. As many as 48.1% of teenage boys and 29.3% of teenage girls have kissed their lips. It is during this period that a person can easily fall into social deviations, especially deviations of free sex. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of electronic media on sexual behavior in early teens in Junior High School in Tasikmalaya. The research was correlation study with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study were the 180 students in a Junior High School in Tasikmalaya. A total sampling technique was used, together with a questionnaire about electronic media usage and sexual behavior. The Chi Square test was used to analyze the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The results showed that there is a moderate correlation between electronic media and sexual behavior among adolescents Tasikmalaya in 2019 with a p-value of 0,000 with r= 0.425. Schools should increase supervision of their students, especially in the use of electronic media
 
Keywords: electronic media, sexual behavior, teenagers
The Role of the Working Mother in Preschoolers’ Play Activities
Authors: Mariana . , Boyoh Debilly Yuan
Published: March 2021

A key preschooler activity is playtime. When the children play, assistance is needed. The role of mothers in children’s development is very important, particularly with regards to the provision of appropriate games based on the child’s age. However, this is more difficult for working mothers as their time and ability to monitor their children’s development is more limited. This study aims to determine the role of working mothers with regards to play assistance and game selection in pre-school children. The study used a quantitative correlation design. The population and sample in this study were 81 mothers working in the Bandung Advent Hospital with pre-school age children (3-6 years), and a purposive sampling method was used. Data collection consisted of a questionnaire with 12 statements for the assistance element and 10 statements for the game choice element. The data was analyzed by using univariate and bevariat analysis. The findings demonstrate that the role of mothers in children playing assistance is adequate and they generally choose games that are suitable for pre-school age children (72.8%). Moreover, there was no significant relationship between the role of working mothers in play-assistance and choosing toys in pre-school children with pValue> 0.05.
 
Keywords: Role of working mothers, pre-school age children, play accompaniment
Identifying Risk of Dementia Using Subjective Cognitive Decline (Scd) Instruments Among Elderly in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Juniarni Lia , Pujianti Risma , Ibrahim Masdum
Published: March 2021

Cognitive decline in the elderly is often referred to as dementia. Dementia is an effect of the aging process, which impacts the brain function. The subjective cognitive decline happens when a person’s cognitive perceptions experience decline but remain within parameters considered normal. A screening process for this condition is one of the efforts which can improve welfare services for the elderly. Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) is cognitive self-reports that assess subjective cognitive impairment abilities by prompting the recall of frequently experienced events. SCD has a double function, as an instrument for both early detection and the prevention of disease. This study aims to identify the risk of dementia using a Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) instrument. This research was conducted using a quantitative descriptive method with a cross-sectional approach. 187 elderly were taken as the sample by consecutive sampling methods, and data were analyzed using univariate analysis. This study showed that most of the respondents have a poor subjective cognitive decline, with 54.0%. The domains that have the most cognitive decline were the orientation with 78.1%, 76.5% of executive function, 68.4% of memory, and 59.4% of language. Demographic data associated with subjective cognitive decline showed poorly in female gender with 55.6%, age> 90 years with 55.3%, high school education with 70.4%, married status with 57.1%, and unemployed with 53.2%. This study concludes that the results of SCD with poor subjective cognitive decline have a risk of developing dementia.
 
Keywords: Dementia, elderly, subjective cognitive decline
Blended Learning Models to Improve Student Learning Outcomes During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Agustina Ayuda Nia
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected various aspects of life, one of which is education. Direct face-to-face contact needs to be reduced to prevent transmission of COVID-19, while educational institutions must continue to organize learning courses. This study identifies the effect of the blended learning model on learning outcomes of level II students in child-nursing courses during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used a pre-experiment, one-group pre-test post-test, the sample was selected using the cluster random sampling method involving 105 students of level II of the Fatmawati Academy of Nursing. Data were analyzed using SPSS-24 software with the Wilcoxon test. The instrument used was a written test consisting of a pre-test and a post-test, a child-nursing procedure skills test. The results showed pre-test mean value is 74.74 and post-test mean value is 80,133. From these results, it can be concluded that there is the use of the blended learning model improved the learning outcomes of child nursing in Fatmawati Nursing Academy students during the COVID-19 pandemic. This can be seen from the average post-test result value, which is higher than the pre-test result value (p = 0.000).
 
Keywords: Blended learning, COVID-19, student learning outcomes, pandemic, learning
The Relation of School Environments to Bullying Behaviours Amongst Elementary School Students
Authors: Octavia Dian , Yan Loriza Sativa , Puspita Mefrie
Published: March 2021

The survey findings released in The Cross-cultural Psychology Journal (2017) reported that Indonesia was in the 21st position with a score of 3.62, leaving it far behind its neighbouring country Malaysia (in 11th position globally). This study aims to identify the role of school environment with regards to bullying behaviour amongst elementary school students in Jambi city. A cross-sectional research design was performed with 214 elementary school students at SDN 116/IV Kota Jambi, Indonesia. Purposive sampling was used in this study. The questionnaires by Olweus Bully Questionnaire (OBQ) Goncalves et al. (2016) were used to collect data. Chi-square test was used in this study. The results indicate 112 (52.3%) respondents had mild bullying behaviour and suggest there is a significant relationship between bullying behaviour and the role of the school environment (p-value = 0.001> 0.05).
Snapshot of Nurse Readiness for the Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Kholis Anja Hesnia , Hidayah Nurul , Priyanti Ratna Puji , Asri . , Kurdi Fahruddin , Hidayat Wahyu , Sarbani . , Arianti .
Published: March 2021

During the Covid-19 pandemic, nurses who served as frontline healthcare providers are experiencing issues with extreme workload demand and under-provision of protective resources. This study aims to understand nurse readiness for the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The study uses a qualitative phenomenology approach with purposive sampling. Participants were recruited from the regional hospital in East Java, Indonesia. The criteria of participants were nurses who worked face-to-face with Covid-19 patients from various wards. The total sample size is 20 participants. In-depth interviews were conducted to gather the data, which was analyzed using Colaizzi’s phenomenological method. Five themes emerged: (1) fear of getting infected; (2) PPE adequacy supply; (3) unclear patient distribution flow; (4) nurse supporting ecosystem; (5) education and training in infectious diseases. The evaluation of nurses’ readiness concerned their knowledge, the supply of safety equipment, and support from various ecosystems. Nurses were concerned about various elements including catching the disease themselves, adjusting to the environment and new work procedures, physical discomfort due to special protective equipment, witnessing the suffering and death of patients, and long-term separation from family members. They need an integrated support system to help them fighting Covid-19. Attention from fellow nurses who help each other in crises, family support, and institution support are the support systems that determine the readiness of nurses.
 
Keywords: covid-19, nurse readiness, pandemic, qualitative study
Progressive Muscle Relaxation, Spiritual Guided Imagery, Music on Coping and Resilience among Cancer Patients who Undergo Chemotherapy
Authors: Sutinah . , Maulani . , Azhari Rasyidah , Harkomah Isti
Published: March 2021

Cancer diagnosis and chemotherapy cause physical, psychological, social, and spiritual problems for sufferers. Cancer patients who experience emotional distress need to be appropriately managed through good coping mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation, spiritual guided imagery and music for coping and resilience of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. This study was a quasi-experimental design. A total of 62 respondents (intervention and control groups) were determined using a purposive sampling technique. The independent variable was Progressive Muscle Relaxation therapy with Spiritual Guided Imagery and Music. Meanwhile, the dependent variable was coping and resilience. The instrument used The-14 items Resilience Scale and The Cancer Coping Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the General Linear Model Repeated Measures. The results showed that coping mechanisms improved in the first week, while resilience was only developed in the second week after being given the intervention. The results of statistical tests are less than a p-value <0.05. In general, there were significant differences in the effect of coping scores and resilience between the treatment group and the control group after being given therapy. The combination of Progressive Muscle Relaxation therapy with Spiritual Guided Imagery and Music can improve coping and resilience in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The government and health workers are expected to consider these findings that can be used as interventions to enhance coping and resilience.
 
Keywords: coping, resilience, cancer, chemotherapy
Development of Android Applications to Disseminate Media about Patient Safety Goals for Nurses
Authors: Buhari Basok , Sutrisno Deny
Published: March 2021

Patient safety is an essential part of nursing services and an indicator of the quality of hospital services. One strategy helping to improve the quality of service provided by health workers (especially nurses) is learning about patient safety goals. One form of learning media used is an android application on a mobile smartphone. This application is based on the assessment of material experts, media experts, and nurses. This study uses a development method adapted from the 4D model which consists of four stages, namely: 1) define; (2) design; (3) develop; and (4) disseminate. The results shows the feasibility of creating effective and efficient patient safety goals teaching materials as an interactive learning multimedia for android mobiles. The result indicate: 1) material experts with an percentage of 83.7% which falls into category of very decent; 2) media experts with an percentage of 80% which falls into category of decent; 3) Nurses as a user with an percentage of 86.6% which falls into the very good category. Therefore, it can be concluded that the an android application to disseminate this learning material would be useful and feasible for nurses.
 
Keywords: patient safety, android application, nurses, mobile smartphone
Relationship Between Coping Strategies and Levels of Anxiety Among Diabetes Mellitus Patients In Makassar
Authors: Napolion Kens , Siatang Weni , Ekawati Dian
Published: March 2021

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that has a negative physical and psychological impact on sufferers,. Anxiety is a reaction to illness as a threat; coping strategies are changes made by individuals in their attitudes, thoughts and feelings towards the stresses they are facing. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between coping strategies and anxiety levels of diabetes mellitus sufferers. The research method used was an Analytical Survey with a Cross-Sectional Study approach and data collected via a questionnaire consisting of 20 statements to assess the patient’s coping strategies and 14 statements to assess the patient’s anxiety level. This research was carried out at the Internal Medicine Department of the Bhayangkara Mappaoudang Hospital in Makassar. From the results of this study obtained from 42 samples, 24 respondents have adaptive coping strategies with mild anxiety (57.1%), with 10 respondents displaying moderate anxiety (23.4%). Meanwhile, 2.4% of respondents displayed a maladaptive coping strategy with mild anxiety level, and 16.7% displayed moderate anxiety with a value of ρ = 0.004 which means ρ <α = 0.05. There is a relationship between coping strategies and anxiety levels of diabetes mellitus sufferers. It is recommended that future researchers examine other variables that have not been studied with a larger sample.
 
Keywords: Coping Strategies, Anxiety, Diabetes Mellitus
Relationship between Sexual Needs and the Quality of Life of Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Malik Muh. Zukri , Mikawati . , Purnamasari Dewi
Published: March 2021

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that can cause serious complications and has a major impact on the quality of life experienced by sufferers. One of the effects of diabetes mellitus is a change in sexual identity and a person’s physical ability to carry out sexual activities. This study aims to determine the relationship between sexual needs fulfilment and quality of life experienced by Diabetes Mellitus patients. This research is a non-experimental quantitative study using a cross-sectional study approach, the population in this study were 49 diabetes Mellitus patients treated at the Labuang Baji Hospital. Data was collected using a questionnaire, sexual needs in women were assessed using the FSFI (Female Sexual Function Index) questionnaire and in men using the IIEF (International Index of Erectile Functions) while the quality of life was assessed using DQOL (Diabetes Quality Of Life). 57.7% of respondents felt their sexual needs were not met, and the quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus 46.9% is poor. There is a relationship between sexual fulfilment and quality of life in diabetes mellitus patients at the Makassar Labuang Baji Hospital, Indonesia.
 
Keywords: diabetes mellitus, sexual needs, quality of life
Knowledge Level of Families For Anticipate Covid 19 in Sukabumi
Authors: Danismaya Irawan , Safariyah Erna
Published: March 2021

Many members of the public have admitted that they are confused by the threat of Covid-19. Contagion risk between family members is high. The family must be able to decide what to do if any of its members are infected. The goal of this study was to identify the knowledge held by families in a specific region relating to the virus’ nature, the source of contagion, the infection mechanisms, and infection prevention methods. Data collection was conducted on 1,719 families aged from 20 – 95 years using the cross-sectional method. Respondents were chosen from the green zone area using Purposive Sampling. They were asked to fill the questionnaire using a Google form. The information sources used by the respondents were television, internet, and social media groups. The results show eight criteria of knowledge relating to Covid-19.
 
Keywords: anticipate Covid-19, knowledge, family
Nurse’s Work Climate and the Application of Patient Safety Measures in Sartika Asih Hospital, Bandung
Authors: Hayati Suci Noor , Rusnandar Siti Yuliani
Published: March 2021

Patient safety is important and can be facilitated by improving the work climate for nurses. This study aims to describe the work climate of nurses and its impact on the application of patient safety at Sartika Asih Hospital, Bandung. The design of this study was descriptive with a cross-sectional approach. The population of this research is 84 nurses, and a simple random sampling technique was used to select 69 people. Data collection used the NWork Climate questionnaire by Suyanto with 36 statements. The univariate analysis used indicates that 56.5% respondents felt the work climate was not good, while 43.5%) felt it was good. According to Muadi (2019) work climate is a tool of environmental characteristics. Perceived directly by employees and assumed to have the main power in influencing employee behavior, the work climate is partially created visthe collaboration between the nurse and manager. The working climate of nurses in the hospital is still not good, so the hospital needs to make policies to improve this, including the scheduling of regular meetings and plans to increase the knowledge of nurses.
 
Keywords: working climate; patient safety; nurse
Family Experience as Caregivers in the Rehabilitation of Stroke Patients: A Literature Review
Authors: Nurrandi Sandra Ramadhanti , Kusuma Putri Tri Antika Rizki
Published: March 2021

This study aims to summarize the research results on family experiences as caregivers in post-stroke patients’ rehabilitation processes. The method of this study used a literature review. Google Scholar and PubMed were used to find Bahasa and English articles examining families as caregivers of stroke patients. These studies were assessed using the JBI critical appraisal tools for Qualitative Study with a total of 8 factors used to the quality of the selected articles. Nine articles were reviewed with JBI scores of about 90-100%. This study found 327 articles, and after quality assessment of these studies, nine articles came to review process. The review process generated six general aspects that have been summarized by researchers representing all emerging themes, namely physical, psychological, spiritual, economic, social, and family effort aspects. The results of this literature review hope can be a reference or provision related to families as caregivers.
 
Keywords: caregiver, family, experience, stroke
Coloring Pictures as Play Therapy to Reduce Impact of Hospitalization among Children in Hospital
Authors: Marfuah Dewi , Sofiah Dede Diah
Published: March 2021

The impact of hospitalization on preschool children may impair the child’s development and healing process. Therefore it is important to minimize the impact of hospitalization. One method to achieve this is by allowing children to play. The purpose of this study was to figure out the effect of therapeutic play (by coloring pictures) on the impact of hospitalization on preschool children in the child care unit of Cibabat-Cimahi Regional Public Hospital, West Java, Indonesia. This was quasi-experimental research with One Group Pre-test Post-test, with a sample of 15 respondents taken by quota sampling. The instrument used was Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) to play coloring pictures and questionnaires on the impact of hospitalization. Coloring pictures was performed once a day (15 minutes / intervention) for 2 days. The data analysis was employed paired with a sample t-test. This research shows the influence of coloring pictures on the impact of hospitalization, with the result of the paired sample t-test statistic shows p value 0.003 (p <0.05). Nurses are expected to be more active in applying coloring pictures to preschool children undergoing hospitalization to reduce the impact of hospitalization.
 
Keywords: Coloring, Hospitalization, Preschool