bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Failure to Implementing Kurikulum Merdeka at SD Negeri Indrajaya 01 Brebes District
Authors: Wardani Diah Lukita , Alimuddin Johar
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hambatan penerapan kurikulum merdeka yang diterapkan di SD Negeri Indrajaya 01. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis data interaktif dari Miles dan Huberman. Penelitian menunjukkan hambatan penerapan kurikulum merdeka di SD Negeri Indrajaya 01 adalah dari aspek sarana dan prasarana IT serta Kurangnya pemahaman guru tentang konsep dan praktik kurikulum merdeka. Kurangnya pemahaman guru tentang Kurikulum merdeka dipengaruhi oleh terbatasnya laptop, gawai, dan jaringan internet untuk pelatihan secara daring dan dipengaruhi oleh tidak optimalnya pelatihan yang dilakukan secara daring
 
The Influence of The Flipped Classroom Model Toward The Digital Literacy Abilities of Sixth Grade Students
Authors: Ariawan Vina Anggia Nastitie , Winoto Sagi , Kuswendi Uus
Published: July 2024

Literasi digital adalah kemampuan penggunaan teknologi informasi dari perangkat digital secara efektif efisien dalam berbagai konteks kehidupan sehari-hari. Literasi digital pada siswa sekolah dasar membekali siswa agar dapat memilih dan menggunakan perangkat teknologi untuk hal yang lebih bermanfaat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kemampuan literasi digital siswa kelas VI melalui penerapan model flipped classroom. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode pre-eksperimen. Sampel penelitian ialah siswa kelas VI di salah satu sekolah dasar kecamatan Cimanggu. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian menggunakan tes kuesioner. Kemudian, instrument penelitian dilakukan uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas. Selanjutnya, analisis data dalam penelitian menggunakan statistik inferensi yang terdiri dari uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji t. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh model flipped classroom terhadap kemampuan literasi digital siswa kelas VI yang dibuktikan berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis berupa perolehan nilai signifikansi 0,000 lebih kecil dari 0,05.

 
Analisis Ruang Lingkup Literasi Sains pada Buku Tematik Terpadu Siswa Kelas IV SD Kurikulum 2013 Tema 3 “Peduli terhadap Makhluk Hidup”
Authors: Sari Fita Permata , Budhiman Arief , Ikhsannudin Ikhsannudin
Published: July 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui informasi mengenai aspek literasi sains sebagai batang tubuh ilmu pengetahuan, sains sebagai jalan untuk menyelidiki, sains sebagai cara berpikir dan sains sebagai interaksi sains, teknologi dan masyarakat pada buku tematik terpadu siswa kelas IV SD kurikulum 2013 tema 3 “Peduli Terhadap Makhluk Hidup”. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan mengisikan/ memberikan koding pada lembar pedoman analisis aspek literasi sains oleh lima ahli dan peneliti sampai diperoleh kode indikator yang stabil. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa buku yang dianalisis memiliki persentase 31,7 % pada aspek sains sebagai jalan untuk menyelidiki, 28 % pada aspek jalan untuk berfikir, 21,4 % pada aspek interaksi sains teknologi dan masyarakat dan 18,9 % pada aspek sains sebagai batang tubuh ilmu pengetahuan. Secara garis besar buku yang dianalisis telah merefleksikan literasi sains namun proporsinya belum seimbang.

 
Literature Review: Analysisi of Learning Models to Improve Students; Science Process Skills
Authors: Mardiah Anisa Ainul , Sukarno Sukarno , Supianto Supianto
Published: July 2024

The aim of the research is to determine the effectiveness of the student center-based learning model for improving science process skills in elementary schools. This research uses a literature review research design with a descriptive qualitative approach. The data in this research is secondary data. Data collection techniques use literature studies related to national journals and international journals that match the research focus. This research analyzes search results originating from the Erics, DOAJ, and Google Scholar databases. Based on the results of research conducted on 21 articles, both national and international, it can be stated that the three learning models can improve students' science process skills. So it can be concluded that the predict observe explain, Project Based Learning, and inquiry models are able to improve students' science process skills.
Analysis of Local Regional Potential Empowerment as a Learning Resource in the Project for Strengthening the Profile of Pancasila Students (P5)
Authors: Asera Gesti Ayu Diah , Riyadi Riyadi , Suryandari Kartika Chrysti
Published: July 2024

This research focuses on empowering local regional potential as a source of P5 learning in elementary schools. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design. Data collection was carried out using observation techniques, in-depth interviews with informants using snowball sampling, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out by applying a descriptive qualitative interactive model approach through the steps of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, verification and drawing conclusions. The research results show that the planning stages carried out in empowering local regional potential as a P5 learning resource are choosing a theme, choosing a coordinator, forming a team, determining a supervisory team, determining a topic, determining implementation time, and developing modules. Implementation of the use of local regional potential as a P5 learning resource is carried out in the form of Cultural Saturday programs and market days which display products from local agricultural and plantation products. Evaluation of the empowerment of local potential as a P5 learning resource pays attention to input and process aspects that focus on daily assessments and periodic assessments to obtain responses from teachers and students, and determine follow-up plans.
Project Management of Strengthening the Profie of Pancasila Students in Eementary Schools in Geger District, Madiun Regency
Authors: Ekawati Khusnia , Marmoah Sri , Kusdianto Kusdianto
Published: July 2024

This research describes the implementation of a project to strengthen the profile of Pancasila students (P-5) at SD Geger sub-district. The aim of this research is to describe the implementation of P-5 in elementary schools in Geger sub-district. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The data source is P-5 activities. Data collection through observation, interviews and documentation, data analysis using the interactive model from Miles and Haberman. The results of the research are the implementation of holistic, contextual, student-centered education, and a new exploration of 12 elementary schools.
Problem-Based Learning to Enhance Mathematical Communication Skills and Learning Outcomes in Graade V
Authors: Wahyuni Lin , Sarwanto Sarwanto , Atmojo Idam Ragil Widianto
Published: July 2024

The implementation of the Problem-Based Learning model can improve the learning outcomes in mathematics regarding the volume of rectangular prisms and cubes among fifth-grade students at Elementary School. This study employs the Classroom Action Research method in an elementary school in the Yogyakarta region.. This is evidenced by the increased learning outcomes of the students in mathematics during Cycle I, which was 83.3%, and Cycle II, which was 86.3%. In Cycle I, the average score of the students in the first meeting was 73, and in the second meeting, it was 72. In Cycle II, the score in the first meeting was 80, and in the second meeting, it increased to 91. Problem-based learning significantly enhances the learning outcomes in mathematics and mathematical communication skills of the fifth-grade students a Elementary School. The implementation of the Problem-Based Learning model is carried out through five steps. The application of the Problem-Based Learning model can improve the learning outcomes and mathematical communication skills. This is evidenced by the observed improvement in the students' mathematical communication skills in each cycle. The average observation results in Cycle I were 75.84%, and in Cycle II, it increased to 86%.
Improving Experimentation Skills through the Implementation of Project Based Learning: Analysis of Creative Thinking Skills
Authors: Puspitasari Septa Dwi , Atmojo Idam Ragil Widianto , Daryanto Joko
Published: July 2024

This research aims to: (1) determine the effect of Project Based Learning (PjBL) on students' experimentation skills; (2) determine the influence of creative thinking skills on students' experimentation skills; (3) knowing the interaction between Project Based Learning (PjBL) and creative thinking skills on students' experimentation skills. The subjects of this research were all fourth grade elementary school students. This research uses a quantitative type of research with a quasi-experimental research design that provides pretests and posttests to the control class and experimental class groups. The research instruments used were performance to measure students' experimentation skills and written tests to measure students' creative thinking skills. Data analysis prerequisite tests include normality tests, homogeneity tests, and balance. Hypothesis testing uses a two-way ANOVA test with different cells. The results of this research show that (1) Project Based Learning (PjBL) influences students' experimentation skills; (2) Creative thinking skills influence students' experimentation skills; (3) The application of Project Based Learning (PjBL) has an effect on students who have high creative thinking skills. The conclusion of this research is that there is an influence of Project Based Learning on experimentation skills in science learning in terms of creative thinking skills
Analysis of Students' Creative Characters Through The Reyog Ponorogo Arts Program in Primary Schools
Authors: Risnawati Retno Anjar , Slamet St. Y. , Kurniawan Sandra Bayu
Published: July 2024

SDS Mutiara Hati Ponorogo established Reyog Ponorogo Art as a program for the Strengthening Pancasila Student Profile (P5) Project with the theme of local wisdom. This program not only provides an understanding of local arts and culture but also has the potential to shape students' creative character. The objectives of this research are: 1) To describe and analyze the creative character of students through the Reyog Ponorogo arts program. 2) Describe the supporting factors for students' creative character through the Reyog Ponorogo arts program: data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation. The subjects of this research were phase B, totalling 18 students for the 2023/2024 academic year. Critical thinking skills data was obtained from the critical thinking skills rubric. The analysis was carried out using Milles Huberman's (1984) interactive analysis technique, namely by collecting, reducing, presenting, and drawing conclusions. The research results show that The results of the research show that 1) students who take part in the Reyog Ponorogo arts program are categorized as having very creative characters. 2), supporting factors for students' creative character through the Reyog Ponorogo arts program, including: students' potential, parental support, and support from the school. In conclusion, students who take part in the Reyog Ponorogo arts program are classified as having a very creative character, which is caused by the potential of the students, support from parents, and support from the school.
 
Analysis of Educational Curriculum in Indonesia and Morocco: Comparing Content, Implementation and Impacts on Learning
Authors: Marmoah Sri , Irmayanti Ratna Widya , Hajhouj Samahe El
Published: July 2024

This research aims to analyze the education curriculum in Indonesia and Morocco, focusing on content, implementation, and impacts on learning. Through qualitative research, including document analysis and interviews with educators, curriculum developers, and students, this study compare the educational curriculum of both countries. The analysis begin with exploring official curriculum documents in both countries, examining objectives, subjects, and teaching methods. The implementation of the curriculum examined through observations and interviews with educators to understand how it is enacted in the classroom. Additionally, interviews with students gather their perceptions and experiences regarding the curriculum's impact on their learning outcomes. The results of this study are Indonesia and Morocco have some fundamental similarities and differences in the applicable curriculum. Indonesia and Morocco prioritize student-centered learning, skills development, and character education through initiatives like the Merdeka Curriculum. Despite promoting accessibility and technology use, both face challenges in addressing regional disparities. The primary school curricula in both nations positively impact learning by emphasizing competencies, general skills, and character education, while recognizing and appreciating local values and culture. The findings of this research contribute to the education sector by providing a comprehensive comparison of the curriculum between Indonesia and Morocco.
The Influence of Leadership Style and Reward on Employee Performance in the Culture, Youth and Sport Services in Bekasi District
Authors: Sari Puspita , Yughi Sheila Ardilla
Published: July 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana gaya kepemimpinan dan penghargaan berdampak pada kinerja pegawai pada Dinas Kebudayaan, Pemuda, dan Olahraga di Kabupaten Bekasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif asosiatif dan melibatkan sampel jenuh dengan 52 responden. Validitas, reliabilitas, asumsi klasik, dan uji statistik adalah teknik yang digunakan untuk menganalisis dan menguji data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan dan penghargaan secara parsial berdampak positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan nilai thitung lebih besar dari ttabel (6,093 > 2,0095) dan dengan nilai thitung lebih besar dari ttabel (3,642 > 2,0095). Dengan nilai Fhitung lebih besar dari Ftabel atau (18,768 > 3,19), hasil uji koefisien determinasi didapatkan. Hasil uji koefisien determinasi menunjukkan hasil Rsquare 0,434, yang menunjukkan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan dan penghargaan memengaruhi kinerja sebesar 43,4 persen.
The Role of Company Responsibility on Employee Commitment through Work Ethics and Organizational Climate at Goods Procurement Services Companies In Cilegon City
Authors: Sanudin Sanudin , Yusuf Furtasan Ali , Hardianto Ade Manggala
Published: July 2024

Komitmen karyawan merupakan komitmen yang dibangun dari perjanjian kerja. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk membangun inovasi strategi manajemen sumber daya manusia. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan data primer sebagai data utama. Populasi peneltian adalah karyawan perusahaan jasa di kota Cilegon. Teknik sampling menggunakan Teknik random (acak) pada karyawan yang bekerja part time atau full time. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner digital, dan terkumpul 185 jawaban responden. Alat analisis menggunakan pendekatan Partial Least Square (PLS) yang berisi kekuatan hubungan antar variable (kuat, sedang, dan kecil), dan untuk mengukur kekuatan model. Hasil penelitian antara lain: (1) tanggung jawab perusahaan berpengaruh postif pada etika kerja dan iklim organisasi; dan (2) etika kerja berpengaruh positif terhadap komitmen karyawan. Simpulan penelitian ini yaitu komitmen karyawan dapat dibangun dengan melibatkan etika kerja sebagai mediasi parsial dan iklim organisasi mempengaruhi sebagai mediasi penuh.
The Role of Work Environment and Teamwork on Job Satisfaction by Employee Patience at Cilegon City Sub District
Authors: Zulkarnaen Akhmad , Suparna Dade Suparna , Maliki Budi Ilham
Published: July 2024

Kepuasan kerja merupakan refleksi diri atas pekerjaan tim. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk membangun konsep potensi perilaku sabar pada instansi pelayanan kelurahan kota Cilegon. Desain penelitian adalah kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian adalah pegawai kelurahan yang berstatus nonASN. Teknik pengambilan sample menggunakan Teknik random (acak) sebanyak 179 responden. Teknik analisis data menggunakan pendekatan partial least square (PLS) yang berisi kekuatan hubungan antar variable (kuat, sedang dan kecil), dan untuk mengukur kekuatan model. Hasil penelitian antara lain: (1) faktor kerjasama tim berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan kerja dan (2) faktor yang tidak memengaruhi kepuasan kerja antara lain lingkungan kerja, dan perilaku sabar. Simpulan, perilaku sabar merupakan nilai dasar intrinsic manusia yang dibangun untuk mencapai kepuasan kerja baik secara individu dan kelompok dengan memerhatikan lingkungan kerja, dan kerjasama tim.
"Bosara": Preserving Sustainable Tourism Based on Local Wisdom (A Case Study of the Makassar Hospitality Industry)
Authors: Winowatan Wim J. , Suarta I Putu , Sudarmi Sudarmi , Abdi Abdi , Suni Muhadjir , Ridwan Masri
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kebutuhan industri perhotelan dan mengeksplorasi peran Bosara dalam mencapai pariwisata berkelanjutan untuk industri perhotelan. Tren pariwisata saat ini adalah mengeksplorasi potensi lokal yang unik. Alam dan keanekaragaman diarahkan pada pengalaman budaya, seni, dan kuliner yang otentik. Bosara adalah tradisi pelayanan makanan khas Bugis-Makassar. Metode pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan observasi untuk mendokumentasikan, merekam, memvisualisasikan, dan mengungkap makna Bosara. Temuan penelitian adalah 1) Perlunya pelayanan prima melalui keramahan kepada tamu, berorientasi pada pelanggan, dan hotel harus ramah lingkungan 2) Informan meyakini bahwa Bosara merupakan perwujudan dari pesan kebaikan dari leluhur Bugis-Makassar untuk menghargai tamu 3). Bosara memiliki bahan baku yang ramah lingkungan yaitu bambu dan rotan untuk mengimplementasikan hotel go-green. Implikasi dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam mewujudkan pariwisata berkelanjutan melalui hidangan di hotel yang mengadopsi Bosara. Diperlukan inovasi bentuk dan desain, tanpa mengurangi makna, sehingga relevan dengan perkembangan dan kebutuhan estetika industri perhotelan.
The Future of Green Economic for Environmental Sustainability: A Bibliometric Analysis Review
Authors: Dewi Rina
Published: July 2024

Tujuan penelitiannya adalah untuk mengeksplorasi isu-isu kritis dalam kajian Ekonomi Hijau. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis bibliometrik, sumber data dari Scopus, dengan menggunakan software Vos viewer. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan produktivitas penelitian yang telah dilakukan dan tema pemetaan membentuk pola 6 G yaitu Green Innovation, Green Growth, Green Development, Governance, Green Jobs dan Green Finance. Kebaruan penelitian ini adalah belum ada penelitian yang secara holistik memadukan seluruh kajian penelitian dari tahun ke tahun pada bidang studi lingkungan, ekonomi, bisnis, dan manajemen. Implikasi penelitian memberikan informasi berupa kesenjangan bagi penelitian-penelitian selanjutnya untuk diarahkan mengisi kesenjangan tersebut guna memperkaya ilmu pengetahuan.
Struggles Coping with Emotions in Professional Lives: First-Year Teaching Experiences of Indonesian EFL Novice Teachers
Authors: Nujhati Kafania
Published: July 2024

Kesejahteraan emosional seorang guru pemula dapat dipengaruhi oleh kesulitan yang mereka hadapi dalam karir profesional mereka. Dapat dimengerti bahwa beberapa pendidik EFL tahun pertama mungkin merasa sulit untuk mengendalikan emosi negatif mereka ketika dihadapkan pada situasi yang menantang di dalam kelas. Meskipun dapat diterima untuk mengekspresikan beberapa perasaan secara terbuka, namun ada juga yang merasa tabu karena berbagai alasan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menjawab dua pertanyaan: (1) perasaan apa yang biasanya dihadapi oleh pengajar tahun pertama di kelas? (2) Bagaimana cara pengajar bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing tahun pertama mengelola perasaan mereka saat bekerja? Para peneliti dalam penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan wawancara semi-terstruktur untuk mendapatkan informasi rinci tentang pengalaman para partisipan dalam mengelola emosi mereka.
Budaya Organisasi Aneka Pokdakan dan Poklahsar di Pantai Tanah Merah Semboja
Authors: Darmasetiadi Doni , Wulandari Finasti
Published: July 2024

Tanah merah semboja mempunyai enam kelompok komunitas yang diantaranya dua komunitas Pokdakan yaitu Pokdakan tanah merah abadi dan Pokdakan berkah tanah merah dan tiga komunitas Poklahsar yaitu Poklahsar akar sari laut, Poklahsar mawar melati, dan Poklahsar cemara mawar mandiri yang merupakan pembudidaya, pengolah dan pemasaran rumput laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis value yang digunakan dalam operasional organisasi, simbol karakteristik kelompok, potensi kedepanya dalam organisasi, dan kebiasaan yang diterapkan dalam organisasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara dan observasi pada kelompok Pokdakan dan Poklahsar serta observasi partisipatif untuk memahami norma dan praktik yang mempengaruhi budaya organisasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa faktor-faktor perubahan iklim dan pasar merupakan tantangan utama yang dihadapi oleh kelompok Pokdakan dan Poklahsar. Namun, peluang pengembangan untuk pertumbuhan dan inovasi tetap ada melalui pengembangan teknologi budidaya, diservikasi produk, dan kemitraan yang strategis. Temuan penelitian ini juga menunjukan adanya variasi kolaborasi kerja sama antara komunitas Pokdakan dan Poklahsar dengan demikian implikasi dalam budaya organisasi komunitas kelompok Pokdakan dan Poklahsar yaitu mengambil keputusan keja sama kinerja pertumbuhan, atau keberlanjutan mereka dalam budidaya, pengolah dan pemasaran.
Pengaruh Self-Service Technology, Kualitas Pelayanan dan Promosi Terhadap Loyalitas dengan Kepuasan Sebagai Variabel Mediasi (Studi Kasus Pada Pelanggan McDonald di Tangerang Raya)
Authors: Windarko Windarko , Sayyidan Radya Maysar , Gani Fauzan Putra
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh teknologi layanan mandiri (self-service), kualitas pelayanan, dan promosi terhadap loyalitas pelanggan melalui kepuasan pelanggan, dengan studi kasus pada pelanggan McDonald's di Tangerang Raya Raya. Metode analisis Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) digunakan untuk menguji hubungan antara variabel-variabel dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknologi layanan mandiri, kualitas pelayanan, dan promosi memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan. Selain itu, kepuasan pelanggan berperan sebagai mediator antara variabel-variabel tersebut dan loyalitas pelanggan. Implikasi temuan ini menunjukkan pentingnya meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan, efektivitas promosi, dan implementasi teknologi layanan mandiri yang baik untuk memperkuat kepuasan pelanggan dan pada gilirannya meningkatkan loyalitas pelanggan terhadap McDonald's di Tangerang Raya Raya. Analisis SEM-PLS menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis H2, H4, dan H5 signifikan dengan T-Statistik > 1,96 dan P-Value < 0,05, menandakan pengaruh signifikan antara variabel independen dan dependen. Namun, hipotesis H1, H3, H6, dan H7 ditolak karena tidak memenuhi kriteria signifikansi. Analisis ini memperjelas hubungan signifikan dan tidak langsung antara variabel-variabel yang diuji.
BENCH TESTS OF A CATALYTIC CONVERTER UNIT WITH A CATALYST LAYER ON THE SURFACE OF GLASS-CRYSTAL MEDIATORS
Authors: Ved V. E. , Krasnokutskii E. V. , Gorbunov K. O. , Myronov A. M. , Ilchenko M. V. , Selikhov Yu. A.
Published: July 2024

The article examines the problems of industrial gas emissions and vehicle emissions as the main sources of environmental pollution. The article focuses on the importance of catalytic conversion as a modern method of cleaning gas emissions, but points to the need for further improvement of catalytic converter designs. The authors point out the shortcomings in the production of mechanically strong and thermally stable catalysts and their carriers, as well as the limitations of existing calculation and design methods. The article experimentally shows approaches to increasing the efficiency of catalytic conversion of gas emissions, and also provides a comparative analysis of the efficiency of the developed catalytic converter and its industrial analogue.
The article presents experimental research on the motor stand using the VAZ-21081i engine, presents technical characteristics and tools of control and measurement equipment. The developed catalytic converter, its design and characteristics are considered. Key attention in the article is given to the program and methodology of testing catalytic converters and processing the results: including the system for measuring temperatures, velocity and composition of the outgoing gases.
In experimental studies, the influence of the load on the internal combustion engine on the temperature and speed of the flow of exhaust gases is analyzed. The analysis of the results of the experiments shows that an increase in the load on the engine leads to an increase in the temperature and speed of the flow of exhaust gases. The authors use the mathematical model of the conversion of gas emissions, developed in previous works, and experimentally prove that increasing the load on the engine contributes to more efficient purification of gases from carbon (II) oxide and hydrocarbons. The extremum of the dependence of the degree of conversion of carbon (II) oxide and hydrocarbons on engine power was revealed, where an increase in load leads to a decrease in the degree of gas purification. Comparative tests show the high efficiency of the experimental catalytic converter compared to the industrial analogue.
Microplastic identification in marine environments: A low-cost and effective approach based on transmitted light measurements
Authors: Gugliandolo Giovanni , Quattrocchi Antonino , Latino Mariangela , Aloisio Davide , Crupi Giovanni , Donato Nicola
Published: July 2024

Microplastics have become a significant concern for the well-being of marine ecosystems. Small fragments of plastic debris are released into the environment from both the direct disposal of plastic products and the deterioration of larger items. Ingestion of microplastics by marine life can result in detrimental effects, including physical harm and the accumulation of toxic chemicals in their tissues. The aim of this research is to design a compact and cost-effective measurement system for effectively detecting and quantifying microplastics in marine environments. The proposed system uses a 2.4-inch liquid-crystal display (LCD) panel and a digital USB microscope, both of which are connected to a single-board computer, with a dedicated python-based graphical user interface (GUI). Specifically, the light transmitted through plastic and organic samples was measured in order to identify and classify them. Various types of materials, such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polyethylene, and organic algae samples, were tested and the metrological performance of the system has been estimated. The transmittance of the samples analyzed was primarily influenced by their opacity and thickness. In general, thicker materials exhibited significantly lower transmittance values. This trend was particularly evident in organic components and opaque plastic samples, where transmittance was significantly low. In addition, the experimental results suggest that the colour of the material also affects transmittance, although as a secondary factor. The employed technique could be used to identify and distinguish samples based on material properties, thereby allowing the proposed system to be a valuable tool for further research on microplastics in marine environments.
ERT, GPR, and magnetic surveying: the case study of Khayrabadtepa settlement (Southern Uzbekistan)
Authors: Zakirov Azamat , Yanbukhtin Ilyas , Mamarozikov Timur , Alimukhamedov Ilkhom , Omonova Farangiz , Musaev Ulugbek , Oripov Nozim , Aripjanov Otabek
Published: July 2024

The use of geophysical methods has become an integral part of the work at all stages of archaeological research. Geophysics contribute to the efficient and rapid detection of buried objects. One of the effective methods for mapping archaeological sites is the magnetic survey that reveals anomalies associated with the residual magnetization of such objects. To study the deep structure of complex objects in conditions of variable relief, the method of electrical tomography (ERT) has been well recommended. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) measurements delineate buried structures in soil strata. Geophysical work was carried out within the boundaries of the settlement of Khayrabadtepa, which is a monument of the Kushan period in the territory of Northern Bactria. The settlement is located 1 km southwest of the city of Angor, 30 km northwest of the city of Termez.
Vibroacoustic characterization of a chamber music concert room in the context of the urban texture
Authors: Barone Fabrizio , Casazza Marco
Published: July 2024

The integrated interpretation of the tangible and intangible dimensions of cultural heritage assets is challenging, since much of the required information is often lost or difficult to find. In particular, when coming to the functional planning of historic spaces or archaeological sites, documental or archival sources are scarce or even absent. Consequently, to support the interpretation of these functional design and planning elements, which are related to the life of communities that inhabited those areas, quantitative methods, such as a physical characterization of site-specific environmental variables, may assume a great relevance, like in the case of the vibro-acoustic properties conceived for specific uses or performances, as theatres, cathedrals or other public spaces. With this goal in mind, we have started a pilot experimental activity, aiming at characterizing the vibroacoustic fingerprint, i.e. the vibro-acoustic site-specific features, of a historic building private chamber music concert room, located in the centre of Napoli (South Italy). This work, based on the integration of different sensors and modelling tools, has allowed to observe the site-specific vibroacoustic features not only in relation to the geometric features of the space, but also in relation to the surrounding urban landscape morphology. Consequently, the results have evidenced the presence of a site-specific vibroacoustic fingerprint, related to how the structure and the surrounding urban morphology were planned. The applied integration of a unifying model, previously validated in the literature, and of broadband vibroacoustic measures, has allowed to evidence some quantitative elements, that, characterizing the interaction between spaces and the people living them, constitute a possible basis for interpreting the heritage intangible components (design according to functional and/or symbolic purposes) in relation to different structural urbanistic and architectural elements (tangible heritage).
Dynamic 3D model for decoding archaeological complexity of funerary contexts. Phenomena of collapse and fragmentation in an Iron Age burial of Padua (Italy)
Authors: Adesso Francesca , Faresin Emanuela , Salemi Giuseppe
Published: July 2024

Archaeological settings are intrinsically dynamic, undergoing transformations over time that significantly impact the archaeological record. These changes result from both deliberate human interventions and natural degradation processes. Post-depositional phenomena often distort our understanding of ancient contexts, complicating the identification of the original arrangement and hindering the interpretation of archaeological findings. This issue is particularly pronounced in funerary contexts, such as burials, which are susceptible to various natural and human-induced alterations. This study shows the potential of analysing funerary contexts within a processual framework and reconstructing them in a dynamic 3D environment. By employing metrically and morphologically accurate 3D reconstructions, it becomes possible to simulate, isolate, and analyze post-depositional phenomena. The precision of 3D simulation increases significantly when considering factors such as gravity. The goal of this study is to assess changes resulting from transformative phenomena, with a specific focus on creating a sequential representation that elucidates the burial's transformation processes, spanning from deposition to excavation phases.
The diagnostic study of the plaster replicas of the Trajan’s Column conserved at the Museum of Roman Civilisation (Rome)
Authors: Bubola Federica , Coletti Chiara , Balliana Eleonora , Cecamore Claudia , Parisi Presicce Claudio , Mazzoli Claudio
Published: July 2024

The management of indoor microclimate in museums has recently received growing attention. Museum climatology and the mechanism for the degradation process, defined as a result of progressive and cumulative decay, depends on environmental variables and their changes. In fact, temperature and relative humidity gradients are often the main causes of chemical and physical decay of artefacts. This research focuses on assessing the state of conservation of 34 gypsum-based plaster replicas of Trajan’s Column at the Museum of Roman Civilisation and on the microclimate monitoring of Room LI, where they are conserved. The decay assessment of the studied plaster casts was performed using a multidisciplinary analytical approach to characterize the constituent materials and to identify the main degradation patterns by i) on-site investigation with non-destructive methodologies; ii) chemical and petrographical characterization on collected micro samples. Microclimate variables (temperature, relative humidity and dew point) were measured along seven months to define the actual environmental conditions and the response of the materials to the microclimate.
NYMPHA, a natural product for the conservation of ancient wood
Authors: Cerafogli Eleonora , Ciccola Alessandro , Antonacci Amina , Masi Annalisa , Rinaldi Teresa , Ioele Marcella , Favero Gabriele , Sadori Laura , Masi Alessia
Published: July 2024

In recent years, there has been a significant interest on sustainability and health-safety across various domains. Notably, many traditional chemicals employed in the preservation of Cultural Heritage pose environmental and human health risks. The NYMPHA project aimed to develop an eco-friendly solution using microalgae-derived polysaccharides to remove biological patinas from cultural heritage wooden materials, addressing sustainability and health concerns. To validate its efficacy, the product underwent testing on diverse woods such as silver fir, beech, and sessile oak, selected for their distinct anatomical characteristics. The analytical methodology involves three key steps: 1) determining the optimal extraction and application method through spectro-colorimetric measures and UV imaging; 2) evaluating surface color stability; and 3) assessing the product's effectiveness before and after exposure to a biological attack using spectro-colorimetry.
Results indicate that the NYMPHA product can induce a color variation on some wood surfaces. Moreover, although it is reported that algae can have biocidal effects, in this experiment, this action is not observed probably due to the absence of sulphates in the polysaccharide molecule extracted from this specific strain. This emphasizes the necessity for further research and to explore new solutions beyond controlled laboratory conditions, specifically on naturally degraded materials.
Mortality rate, Time to mortality and its predictors among neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit with respiratory distress syndrome at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Andargie Gashaye Gobena , Muluneh Mikyas Arega , Birhanu Molla Yigzaw
Published: July 2024

Background: Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome is a respiratory problem recognized as one or more signs of tachypnea, Bradypnea, nasal flaring, chest retractions, grunting, and respiratory pauses. It is one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality, especially in developing countries. Although it is one of the leading causes, there haven't been studies conducted on mortality rates and predictors in Ethiopia.
Objective: To assess the mortality rate and its predictors among neonates with respiratory distress syndrome admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Debre Markos comprehensive specialized hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.
Method: An institution-based retrospective cohort study was conducted among 384 neonates admitted with respiratory distress syndrome to the neonatal intensive care unit of Debre Markos comprehensive specialized hospital from January 1, 2020, to March 30, 2023. Data was extracted using checklist and entered into EPI Data 4.6. Finally, export to STATA version 14.1 for further management and analysis. The Kaplan-Meier curve with the log-rank test was computed to estimate failure time and compare failure status between independent groups. Both bivariable and multivariable Cox regression models were applied to identify predictors of mortality. The model assumption was checked by a graph and the Schoenfeld residual global test. The final model's fitness was checked using the Cox-Snell residual test.
Result: Among 384 neonates with RDS 36.7% were dead during t study period, with an overall mortality rate of 7.5 per 100 neonate days of observation. The median time to mortality was 13 neonatal days (3 and 16 days of IQR), with a total follow-up of 1864 neonate-day observations. Preterm (AHR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.03–2.31), home delivery (AHR=2.25, 95% CI: 1.28–3.95), and maternal hypertension (AHR=3.59, 95% CI: 1.66-7.77) were the significant predictors.
Conclusion: This study found that the neonatal mortality rate is high. The predictors significantly associated with neonatal mortality among neonates admitted with RDS were preterm birth, home delivery, and neonates born from hypertensive mothers. Collaboration efforts are needed with families, labor and NICU health care providers, institutions, and the community to reduce neonatal mortality.
Multilocus sequence typing of clinical and colonizing isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii and comparison with the world isolates
Authors: Choudhary# Jyoti , Shariff Malini
Published: July 2024

Objectives: To establish the ecological correlation between the Acinetobacter baumannii isolates by performing Multilocus Sequence typing
Material and methods:A total of 181 isolates (Sputum (116), lower respiratory tract other than sputum (36), upper respiratory tract (20), Environment (medical) 4, and Blood (5)) of Acinetobacter baumannii were retrieved from our repository. DNA was isolated and Multilocus Sequence Typing was performed according to the Pasteur scheme. The amplified fragments were sequenced by outsourcing, and the locus and the sequence types were determined as given in the PUBMLST site. The clonal complexes were assigned using eBURST.
Results and Conclusion:
Out of the 181 isolates, 20 were colonizers and 4 were from hospital environment. All the study isolates except 4 were multidrug resistant. 23 sequence types were unique and were assigned new sequence types. Among them, 2125 (n=12), an SLV of 2, was the commonest followed by 2126 (n=2) which was a DLV of 2 and SLV of 2125. Others were singletons. Among the known STs 149 (n=72) was the commonest followed by ST 2 (n=62) & 415(5), ST 10 (n=4), ST 15, ST622 and ST1482 (3 each). ST149 had 1SLV ST1482 (3). ST 2 has 5 SLVs (415, 1555, 2125, 2128, & 2131, and 2 DLVs (2130 & 2126). eBURST analysis of the study isolates showed three groups Group I (86 isolates) with ST 2 as the primary founder, group II (6 isolates) and group 3 (79 isolates) with ST 149 as the primary founder. All the other 10 isolates were singletons. There was no difference in antimicrobial sensitivity or sequence types of the clinical and colonizing isolates. The sequence types of the study isolates were compared to the world isolates in the PUBMLST database.
A Machine Learning-based Scheme for Enhancing the Detection of Position Falsification Attacks in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks
Authors: Abdelkreem Eslam , Hussein Sherif , Tammam Ashraf
Published: July 2024

A vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is a wireless network established between vehicles and surrounding infrastructure to enable information exchange between them. Consequently, many applications that can enhance passengers' security assurance and traffic flow are built upon this information. However, malicious nodes can manipulate the exchanged data to attack other nodes and disrupt the network’s normal behavior. For example, if an attacker broadcasts a falsified vehicle’s location, the functionality of applications that rely on accurate location sharing will be confused, and deadly accidents may occur. Thus, many studies have been conducted to implement Misbehavior Detection Schemes (MDSs) to identify position spoofing attacks in VANET. However, the performance results of these MDSs are limited in detecting some attack types, and most of them rely on application layer features that the attacker can alter before transmission to evade the detection model. So, this paper proposes an MDS for position falsification attack detection that employs a set of commonly used features besides a physical-layer-based feature called RSSIConf. The RSSIConf feature relies on the Received Signal Strength Indicator of received messages and its confidence intervals at different confidence levels and distances. The evaluations show that the proposed model outperforms existing approaches, where the improvements range between 0.76% to 13.26% in accuracy and 0.74% to 12.71% in F1-Score, depending on the detected attack type.
Comparison of the Effects of Interaction with Intentional Agent and Artificial Intelligence using fNIRS
Authors: Ghalavand Mohammad , Hatami Javad , Setarehdan Seyed Kamaledin , Nosrati Fatimah , Ghalavand Hananeh , Nikhalat-Jahromi Ali
Published: July 2024

As societal interactions increasingly involve both intentional and unintentional agents, understanding their effects on human cognition becomes paramount. This study investigates the neural correlates of interacting with intentional versus artificial agents in a simulated tennis game scenario. Employing functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), brain activity in 50 male participants during gameplay against both types of opponents was analyzed. The used methodological approach ensures ecological validity by simulating real-world decision-making scenarios while participants undergo fNIRS scanning, avoiding the constraints of traditional neuroimaging methods. Six prefrontal cortex channels are focused on, leveraging the 10-20 system, to capture nuanced differences in brain activity. Wavelet analysis was utilized to dissect the data into frequency-specific differences, revealing subtle variations across different channels and frequency bands. Moreover, activity was quantified by comparing average data signals between rest and play modes across all points using Generalized Linear Model (GLM). The findings unveil significant differences in neural activation patterns, particularly in one specific channel and frequency range, suggesting distinct cognitive processing when interacting with intentional agents. These results align with previous neuroimaging studies and contribute to understanding the neural underpinnings of human-agent interactions in naturalistic settings. While acknowledging study limitations, including sample homogeneity and spatial accuracy constraints, the study's findings underscore the potential of fNIRS in exploring complex cognitive phenomena beyond laboratory confines.
Vitamin C is an effective biofilm prevention agent against uropathogenic Escherichia coli on urinary catheter tubes
Authors: Paul Anisha , Razak Amal , Thekkekara Shafa , Rafi Rima , Magaogao Michael , Patni Mohamed Anas , Ahmad Hafiz , Hossain Ashfaque
Published: July 2024

Objective
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the major cause of catheter associated urinary tract infections (UTI). As the production of biofilm is usually associated with enhanced antibiotic resistance, formation of biofilm by UPEC poses a challenge against its eradication. Vitamin C is showing great promise as an antimicrobial agent in recent studies. In this study, we explored antibacterial and biofilm prevention property of vitamin C against biofilm produced by fresh UPEC strains on urinary catheter tubes. As expression of fimbriae can enhance biofilm formation by UPEC, the capacity of the strains for heamagglutionation with human O + ve red blood cells and detection of fimbrial gene by PCR were also explored.
Results
The average minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of vitamin C for UPEC strains were 3.90 mg/ml and 7.81 mg/ml, respectively. Increased biofilm formation on plastic surfaces and on silicone catheter tubes were noted at sub-MIC concentrations of vitamin C. Biofilm prevention concentration (BPC) of vitamin was calculated to be 6.24 mg/ml. Gene detection by PCR revealed UPEC strains possessed type1-fimbriae (fimH) gene and were also capable of hemagglutinating human O + ve red blood cells, indicating the presence of fimbriae. Taken together, these findings indicate that vitamin C possess antibacterial and biofilm prevention properties against UPEC strains both on plastic surfaces and on silicone catheter tubes.
Effectiveness of Aspirin in Preventing Deep Vein Thrombosis Following Proximal Femoral Fracture Surgery in Japan
Authors: Ohmori Takao , Toda Kazukiyo , Taoka Takuya , Ishihara Takeshi , Ito Yasuo
Published: July 2024

Previous studies have shown that aspirin is effective as a prophylactic agent against venous thromboembolism (VTE) following proximal femoral fractures (PFF). In Japan, there is a lack of evidence regarding its efficacy and safety in this context. Consequently, aspirin is not covered by insurance for the prevention of venous thrombosis. This study aimed to investigate whether continued aspirin use in patients with PFF, who were already taking aspirin for cerebrovascular disease prevention before injury is effective as a prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). We retrospectively analyzed PFF patients (≥ 65 years) who underwent postoperative duplex ultrasonography from January 2010 to December 2023.The study compared patients taking aspirin alone (aspirin group) and those not taking antiplatelet agents or anticoagulants (control group), matched by propensity scores. We enrolled 1064 patients while 161 (15%) were in the aspirin group. After matching, 132 patients were analyzed. DVT incidence was not statistically significant between the aspirin (53) and control groups (57) (OR: 0.72; 95%CI: 0.44–1.20; p = 0.21). Proximal DVT incidence was also similar (OR: 0.83; 95%CI: 0.25–2.73; p = 0.76). Continued aspirin use in PFF patients who were taking aspirin prior to injury did not reduce the incidence of DVT or proximal DVT, indicating no prophylactic benefit.