bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Suppression Strategy of Subsynchronous Oscillation Based on Dynamic Voltage Compensation Control for Grid-Forming D-PMSG in Weak Grid
Authors: Chen Jian , Ren Yongfeng , Hu Zhishuai , Fang Chenzhi , Zhu Rong , He Bin , Pan Yu
Published: September 2023

The virtual impedance can suppress the low-frequency oscillation effectively caused by the power coupling effect for the grid-forming direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous generator (D-PMSG). However, there are few studies on the influence of virtual impedance on the subsynchronous oscillation caused by the interaction between the grid-forming D-PMSG and the weak grid. In this paper, the mechanism of virtual impedance improving the stability of virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control for the converter is revealed from the perspective of power coupling, and the influence of virtual impedance on the system stability in subsynchronous frequency range was analysed based on the sequence impedance model. The analysis results show that the virtual inductance cannot effectively improve the oscillation suppression effect, but the virtual resistance can greatly improve the damping characteristics of the system which has a good oscillation suppression effect. However, excessive increase in virtual resistance will cause power coupling oscillation, even subsynchronous oscillation, which shows limitations in subsynchronous oscillation suppression. To solve the problem, a dynamic voltage compensation control method based on active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) was proposed, and the parameters are designed by bandwidth method. The method can suppress the subsynchronous oscillation effectively in a certain frequency range under different grid strength and disturbance conditions. And it shows strong adaptability and good system robustness in weak grid. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed oscillation suppression strategy was verified by time domain simulation.
Diversity and Composition of Gastrointestinal Helminths and Gram-Negative Bacteria of the West African Rainbow Lizard (Agama picticauda) in a Human-Modified Landscape: Implications for Conservation and Zoonosis
Authors: Ofori Benjamin Y. , Ewool Juliet M. , Asamoah Rachel E. A. , Adarkwah Philomina A. , Oduro Daniel
Published: September 2023

Emerging infectious diseases are negatively impacting herpetofaunal populations globally, posing a major conservation threat. Anthropogenic perturbations of natural habitats may influence wildlife disease dynamics and spillover events. Although viral and fungal diseases of vertebrates have received considerable studies, there is scant information on the enteric bacteria and helminths of herpetofauna. Here, we assessed the gastrointestinal helminths and Gram-negative bacteria of the West African rainbow lizard (Agama picticauda) in a human-dominated landscape in Accra, Ghana. We used the flotation method and standard cultural, morphological, and biochemical methods, for helminths and bacteria, respectively. Four helminth species, Ascaris spp., Enterobius spp., Pharyngodon spp., and Oxyurid spp., were identified, with overall high (71.9%) prevalence. Ascaris spp. (χ2 = 33.33,

p
<
0.001

) and Pharyngodon spp. (χ2 = 14.5,

p
<
0.001

) were more prevalent in suburban lizards during the wet season than dry season. The prevalence of Ascaris spp. and Enterobius spp. was significantly higher (χ2 = 12.34,

p
<
0.001

) in urban than suburban lizards, while Oxyurid spp. was more prevalent (χ2 = 4.75,

p
=
0.03

) in the suburban lizards during the wet season. The gut bacteria identified (prevalence) were Escherichia spp. (86.5%), Enterobacter spp. (75.7%), Proteus spp. (67.6%), Shigella spp. (40.5%), Klebsiella spp. (21.6%), and Salmonella spp. (16.2%). The prevalence of Escherichia spp. and Proteus spp. was significantly higher (χ2 = 5.77–7.34,

p
=
0.01
–
0.02

) in suburban lizards than urban lizards during the wet season. Some Ascaris spp., Enterobius spp., Escherichia spp., Enterobacter spp., Shigella spp., and Salmonella spp. are found in humans. Our data can serve as baseline information for long-term monitoring studies of reptile-parasites-environment interactions in the Accra plains of Ghana. Further studies using molecular techniques are needed to ascertain the zoonotic helminths and bacteria of A. picticauda.
La escuela como un lugar de acogida: participación de la infancia en la investigación reflexiva
Authors:   Universidad de La Sabana, Guzmán-Rodríguez Rosa Julia , Hernández Natalia María ,   Estudiante décimo semestre de Licenciatura en Educación Infantil de la Universidad de La Sabana, Jimena-Salgado Angie ,   Estudiante décimo semestre de Licenciatura en Educación Infantil de la Universidad de La Sabana
Published: September 2023

La presente es una reflexión teórica acerca de la escuela como un lugar de acogida en el que el profesor coinvestiga reflexivamente con sus estudiantes, para la trasformación de prácticas pedagógicas centradas en la escucha de las necesidades, historias y bagaje cultural que traen los niños. Para ello, se proponen las narrativas infantiles como una estrategia que facilita la recolección de información, el reconocimiento y la promoción de la participación de la primera infancia en la investigación, comprendiendo las diferentes formas de representar y significar el mundo. Los resultados obtenidos dan cuenta de la importancia de la investigación reflexiva como proceso de acogida en la escuela para todos los niños, reconociendo el contexto actual de desplazamiento e inmigración en Colombia.
Rainy cycles in South America as a driver for the breeding of the Black Skimmer (Rynchops niger) and the Large-billed Tern (Phaetusa simplex) (Aves, Charadriiformes)
Authors: Gouvêa Ariane Campos , Bravo Gustavo A. , Antas Paulo de Tarso Zuquim , Schuchmann Karl-L. , Silveira Luís Fábio
Published: September 2023

The Black Skimmer (Rynchops niger) and the Large-billed Tern (Phaetusa simplex) are two migratory waterbirds that breed simultaneously on many river beaches in South America. Both are polytypic taxa with little information about the distribution and nonbreeding (“wintering”) areas. Based on data from the literature, citizen science websites, fieldwork, and specimens housed in natural history museums, we revised the distribution of some of the main breeding colonies in South America, comparing it with continental rainy cycles to identify generalities about the role of precipitation seasonality on the defining intratropical migration routes of these species. Our data suggest that the seasonal precipitation cycle of South America directly influences the reproductive timing and distribution of both species, which is largely circumscribed by South America’s rivers. After breeding on sandy beaches during the dry season, both species disperse in small groups or even individually – not in large flocks as seen in breeding areas – making it difficult to find general migration patterns during the rainy season. Nonetheless, individuals of both species tend to follow the course of the largest rivers of the continent and even alternative routes to disperse into several areas throughout South America during the nonbreeding season.
Making Progress Through Disagreement: Meeting Residents Where They
Are on Climate Change
Authors: Elszasz Hayley
Published: September 2023

While Americans do not agree about climate change, what to do to overcome this disagreement is a topic of debate. Climate communications researchers warn that messaging must overcome the challenges of communicating scientific information to lay audiences, the uncertainty of scientific predictions, and the massive scale of climate change to be effective at mobilizing a population. Such work focuses on “top-down” communication of what the scientific reality of climate change requires of citizens: how to get them in line with what needs to happen to prevent catastrophic change. In this article, I document how nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and community-based climate organizations (CBOs) make progress on climate action by dialoguing with their constituents and building on preexisting community connections. I argue that, instead of focusing on achieving climate consensus, these organizations rely on narratives around the local experience of environmental disruption to mobilize communities.
Are Underserved Populations Left Out of National Flood Mitigation Efforts and Facing Greater Impact? A Method to Assess Racial Inequality at the Census Tract Level
Authors: Kruczkiewicz Andrew , Hultquist Carolynne , Dutta Maya , Iyer Ryan
Published: September 2023

Development policies have systematically relegated certain populations to undesirable locations including areas at risk of flooding. Over time many properties will no longer be inhabitable and others will see damage from significant flooding. Current U.S. federal policy funds flood risk mitigation measures, such as property acquisition, relocation, and retrofitting; however, depending on various factors at the subcounty level, these actions can in some contexts provide disproportionate benefit to higher income, mostly White areas, failing to appropriately benefit underserved and exposed populations. Here, we present an exploratory method, building off existing research on programmatic-wide and event-specific analysis to explore patterns allowing state- and county-level decision-makers to identify inequalities in federal funding, potentially supporting reprioritization. This work evaluates the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) claims data from 1975 to 2019 and Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) mitigation efforts from 1989 to 2018 to explore the distribution of mitigation measures related to tract to county racial disproportionalities (for example, majority non-White census tracts in majority White counties). We find that for majority non-White census tracts in majority White counties, there are disproportionately fewer NFIP claims. This supports previous work, which shows lower levels of assistance in flood recovery, resilience, and preparedness in these areas.
Evaluating the Incorporation of Climate Justice Concerns Within Resilience Plans Across Eleven U.S. Coastal Cities
Authors: Raub Kristin B. , Platter Hannah , O’Mara Erin , Panikkar Bindu
Published: September 2023

Building coastal resilience can help communities prepare and adapt to climate change. While the impacts of climate change are not equitably distributed, a method has not been developed to measure how resilience plans address justice. This study developed a Just Resilience Index (JRI) to assess how justice themes were incorporated into resilience plans. The JRI examines how justice frameworks (recognitional, distributive, and procedural justice, community capability) were addressed within the resilience plans of 11 U.S. coastal cities. Justice was considered in 41% of the resilience plan actions. Fifty-two percent of the justice-related actions recognized the needs of low-income communities but only 3% recognized specific racial groups. Of the justice-related actions, 73% addressed distributive justice but procedural justice was least characterized within the plans (46%). The JRI can guide future planning efforts to ensure that justice frameworks are better integrated within resilience planning to reduce inequities from climate-related disasters.
Climate, Capital, and Colonialism: A Congolese Perspective
Authors: Voelcker Becca
Published: September 2023

How do global inequities inherited from the past continue to profit some people and devastate the lives and lands of others? How is the contemporary physical environment suffused with traces of colonialism and how do its infrastructures accommodate neocolonial practices of extractive capitalism? What can artists, designers, and architects do to expose injustice and call for structural change? These are some of the questions the Congolese artist Sammy Baloji discusses with Dr. Becca Voelcker in a critical conversation about climate resilience and justice that considers colonial history and our extractive capitalist present.
Differences in Experienced Memory Qualities between Factual and Fictional Events
Authors: Gander Pierre , Lowe Robert
Published: September 2023

The experienced qualities of memories of factual and fictional events have been little researched previously. The few studies that exist find no or few differences. However, one reason to expect differences in memory qualities is that processing of fact and fiction seem to involve activation of different brain areas. The present study expands earlier research by including a wider range of memory qualities, using positive and negative events, and three time-points: immediately after, after a ten-minute delay and after a five-week delay. Participants (N = 52) read four short stories in English, labelled either fact or fiction, and rated memory qualities on 7-point scales. Results show no differences; however, an interaction was found between fictionality and story emotional valence, in that memories of negative fictional stories are rated as more clear. The higher clarity can be explained by previous findings that negative events from stories are in general remembered in more detail, in combination with the idea that fiction entails simulation to a higher degree than fact. The conclusion is that although a difference in memory qualities between fact and fiction was found in one case, memory qualities seem not to play an operative role when the memory system distinguishes fact from fiction.
Reproduction rate and nutritional composition (proteins, lipids) of Mesocyclops leuckarti (Copepoda, Cyclopoida) enriched with organic diets for aquacultural purposes
Authors: Azani Nizalmie , Liew Hon Jung , Redzuan Nurul Shahida , Kamal Abu Hena M. , Rasdi Nadiah Wan
Published: September 2023

Mesocyclops leuckarti is a zooplankton that is potentially suitable as a live food for freshwater fish larvae. Aquaculture farmers often struggled to create nutritious live feed to maximize the production of larval fish. This study aimed to determine the effects of different enrichments on life-table parameters, protein, lipid and fatty acid content of M. leuckarti when enriched with different dietary enrichments. In this study, five treatments for raising the copepod were compared: rice bran, soybean meal, Chlorella sp., Spirulina sp., and unenriched (control). The results showed that M. leuckarti after 16 days of cultivation enriched with rice bran produced a higher population density (53.3 ind/ml) and survival rate (97.4%) than when cultivated with any of the other diets. In terms of nutritional value, protein content was higher in M. leuckarti enriched with rice bran (52% DW) and soybean meal (53% DW). However, lipid content was highest in M. leuckarti enriched with rice bran (14% DW). Fatty acids, such as α-linolenic acid ALA (7.21%) and docosahexaenoic acid DHA (6.26%) were higher in M. leuckarti enriched with rice bran. Eicosapentaenoic acid EPA (7.16%) and arachidonic acid ARA (7.74%) were higher in M. leuckarti enriched with Chlorella sp. This study suggests that organic by-products are better sources for strengthening and improving the growth performance and life history of this copepod, and possibly also of zooplankton organisms in general.
The Role of Entrepreneurs in the Development of Protestant Christianity in East Java in the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Sukamto Amos
Published: September 2023

Christianity in Indonesia is often stigmatized as a colonial religion, the religion of the Dutch, and the religion of infidels. This was due to the general view prevailing in Indonesia that Christianity, in the process of its spreading, received support from the Dutch East Indies government. This essay argues that the Dutch political religious policies were not favourable for developing Christianity in Java. The development of Christianity, especially in East Java, was not driven by Dutch missionaries; on the contrary, by entrepreneurs, independent people, and then continued by Javanese who had become Christians.
Wandering the Diviner’s Path: A Self-Experiment in Taiwanese Divination Practices
Authors: Bikir Radu
Published: September 2023

This paper explores the author’s experiences with divination practices and master-disciple relationships in Taiwan. The author discusses his interactions with various masters and Daoist priests and the debates and conversations that ensued. He also reflects on the positive and negative aspects of the master-disciple relationship, the importance of not being engulfed in such relationships, and the scientific and personal challenges he faced as he immersed himself in his object of study. Additionally, the paper provides insights into contemporary practices of divination in Taiwan and China, including the use of social media platforms for these practices. Overall, the study provides a unique perspective on the intersection of spirituality, divinatory culture, and technology in modern-day Taiwan, as perceived by both the subjective self and the observing eye of the scientist.
Calcarisporium yuanyangense sp. nov. (Calcarisporiaceae, Hypocreales), a fungal pathogen isolated from Ophiocordyceps nutans
Authors: ZHU JUYE , TANG DEXIANG , LIU ZUOHENG , LUO LIJUN , YU HONG
Published: September 2023

In this study, a new species, Calcarisporium yuanyangense, was isolated from Ophiocordyceps nutans collected from Yuanyang County, Yunnan Province, China, and described by morphology and molecular phylogeny. Based on the combined dataset of five genes including the internal transcribed spacer gene region (ITS), the nuclear ribosomal small and large subunit gene regions (nrSSU and nrLSU), the gene encoding translation elongation factor 1-α (tef-1α), and the RNA polymerase II second largest subunit gene region (rpb2), phylogenetic analyses were performed by the maximum likelihood (ML) and the Bayesian inference (BI) methods to determine the phylogenetic position of C. yuanyangense in Calcarisporium. This species was clustered with C. cordycipiticola, C. xylariicola, and C. arbuscula to form a separate branch. Calcarisporium yuanyangense had the basic morphological characteristics of Calcarisporium, but still differed morphologically from the other species in the genus. This species was similar to C. arbuscula in conidia shape, but the conidia of C. yuanyangense were larger and had a higher length/width ratio than those of C. arbuscula. This study deepens the understanding of the host diversity and the distribution of this taxonomic unit, as well as provides important taxonomic data for further exploration of the genus Calcarisporium.
Lectotypification, epitypification and taxonomic notes on Oenothera fallax (Onagraceae)
Authors: WOŹNIAK-CHODACKA MONIKA
Published: September 2023

In the protologue of Oenothera fallax Renner did not indicate any herbarium specimen to serve as a type. Instead, the author provided a brief German description and some black and white illustrations, presenting only the chosen features of the species. The collection of Renner stored in Herbarium in München (M) does not include the type of Oenothera fallax. Thus, the photos given by Renner are the only elements of original material from which a lectotype was selected. Because the lectotype does not include all the characteristics essential for the proper identification of the taxon, a specimen from Krzysztof Rostański collection stored in herbarium WRSL is selected to serve as an epitype supporting the lectotype. A short description of Oenothera fallax as well as a summary of taxonomy of the genus Oenothera are also provided.
A New Species of Eriosema (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Phaseoleae) from the savannas of northern South America
Authors: CAMPOS RENAN PAVAN , CÂNDIDO ELISA SILVA , ZEFERINO LAÍS COUTO , FORTUNA-PEREZ ANA PAULA
Published: September 2023

During a taxonomic study of the species of Eriosema in South America, a new species was discovered, occurring in the savannas of northern South America. Eriosema parvifolium is here described and illustrated and its morphological similarities with its closest relatives are presented. The geographical distribution, conservation status, and information about flowering and fruiting are provided. Additionally, a dichotomous key to the taxa of Eriosema that occurs in savannas region of northern South America was made.
Afrocucumis africana (Semper, 1867) (Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida:Cladolabidae), new addition to the holothuroid fauna of Pakistan
Authors: SHAIKH IQRA , ALI QADEER MOHAMMAD , THANDAR AHMED , AHMED QURATULAN
Published: September 2023

Two dendrochirotid holothuroids, here identified as Afrocucumis africana, were collected from Gariyan Beach, Jiwani Makran Coast, Balochistan, for morphological and taxonomic study. This species is a new record of a dendrochirotid holothuroid from the Pakistani coastal waters. Identification was confirmed through morphology and microscopic observations of the ossicles. Identified specimens are deposited in Marine Reference Collection and Resource Centre, University of Karachi.
A new species of the alderfly genus Sialis Latreille, 1802 (Megaloptera: Sialidae) from southeastern China
Authors: TU YUEZHENG , ZHENG YUCHEN , LIU XINGYUE
Published: September 2023

Here we describe a new species of the alderfly genus Sialis Latreille, 1802 from southeastern China, namely S. kouwenkaii sp. nov. The new species appears to be related to a group of Sialis species once placed in Nipponosialis Kuwayama, 1962. Morphological differences between the new species and its closely related species are discussed.
Managing Uncertainty and Risk in Access to the Solicitors’ Profession in England: Classed Pathways?
Authors: Casey Caroline
Published: September 2023

Despite decades of diversity and widening participation initiatives, access to elite professions for those from lower socio-economic backgrounds remains a troublingly persistent issue. Degree apprenticeships present an alternative to the traditional university pathway and an opportunity to increase social mobility into professional occupations. Yet, uptake of this pathway has so far been from more advantaged individuals. This article explores the dispositions of key stakeholders towards alternative pathways. It asks whether professional apprenticeships are perceived as legitimate and, if not, what are the likely consequences? Using the solicitors’ profession in England as a pertinent case, interviews with 23 participants on the degree apprenticeship and university pathways were asked about their social and educational backgrounds, exploring the influences on their career and pathway decision making. The analysis demonstrates differing perceptions of risk and legitimacy among those from different social and educational backgrounds, with implications for equity, inequality and social mobility.
Prediction of early neurological deterioration in acute ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis
Authors: Tian Tian , Wang Lanjing , Xu Jiali , Jia Yujie , Xue Kun , Huang Shuangfeng , Shen Tong , Luo Yumin , Li Sijie , Min Lianqiu
Published: September 2023

A proportion of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients suffer from early neurological deterioration (END) within 24 hours following intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), which greatly increases the risk of poor prognosis of these patients. Therefore, we aimed to explore the predictors of early neurological deterioration of ischemic origin (ENDi) in AIS patients after IVT and develop a nomogram prediction model. This study collected 244 AIS patients with post-thrombolysis ENDi as the derivation cohort and 155 patients as the validation cohort. To establish a nomogram prediction model, risk factors were identified by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The results showed that neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (OR 2.616, 95% CI 1.640–4.175, P < 0.001), mean platelet volume (MPV) (OR 3.334, 95% CI 1.351–8.299, P = 0.009), body mass index (BMI) (OR 1.979, 95% CI 1.285–3.048, P = 0.002) and atrial fibrillation (AF) (OR 8.012, 95% CI 1.341–47.873, P = 0.023) were significantly associated with ENDi. The area under the curve of the prediction model constructed from the above four factors was 0.981 (95% CI 0.961–1.000) and the calibration curve was close to the ideal diagonal line. Therefore, this nomogram prediction model exhibited good discrimination and calibration power and might be a reliable and easy-to-use tool to predict post-thrombolysis ENDi in AIS patients.
Efficient Fusion Decision System for Predicting Road Crash Events: A Comparative Simulator Study for Imbalance Class Handling
Authors: Elamrani Abou Elassad Zouhair , Ameksa Mohammed , Elamrani Abou Elassad Dauha , Mousannif Hajar
Published: September 2023

Road crash events are a fact of life. Although significant progress have been made in adopting machine learning techniques for analyzing road crashes, there has been limited emphasis on evaluating crash events within data fusion systems. The primary purpose of this study is to outline and validate a comparative safety analysis of an ensemble fusion system founded on the use of different base classifiers and a meta-classifier to procure more efficient crash prediction. Three categories of features namely vehicle-telemetry, driver-inputs and environmental-conditions have been collected using a driving-simulator in order to identify the crash strongest precursors through feature extraction technique. Furthermore, optimized strategies using AdaBoost, XGBoost, RF, GBM, LightGBM, CatBoost and KNN techniques were implemented to establish effective predictions within a fusion-based system. To ensure that the proposed system provide superior decisions given the infrequent nature of crash events, an imbalance-learning approach was conducted based on three resampling strategies: over-sampling, under-sampling and SMOTE-Tomek-Links. The findings depict that the superior performance has been attained when adopting LightGBM, CatBoost and KNN as base classifiers along with SMOTE-TL as balancing technique and XGBoost as meta-classifier with 89.19% precision, 96.77% recall and 92.83% f1-score. To our knowledge, there has been a limited interest, if not at all, at endorsing a fusion-based system examining the impact of real-time features' combinations on the prediction of road crashes while providing a critical analysis of class-imbalance. Overall, the findings emphasized the relevance of the explanatory features and can be endorsed in designing efficient intelligent transportation systems.
Inequality, Consumption Emulation, and Growth
Authors: D’Ippoliti Carlo , Linguanti Francesco
Published: September 2023

We develop a short-run neo-Kaleckian model to investigate the interplay of the functional and personal distribution of income and their impact on growth. Personal distribution becomes relevant in light of the institutionalist hypothesis of consumption emulation, which makes aggregate saving dependent on the concentration of wages and profits. A more equal distribution of wages and/or profits increases aggregate demand and the rate of capacity utilization. But the wage- or profit-led demand regime crucially depends on the difference between the propensity to save out of profits and that out of wages, as well as on the impact of changes in the profit and wage shares on the concentration of personal incomes. Preliminary evidence on Italy over the period 1980s–2010s highlights that demand regimes might be a relatively short-term and cyclical characteristic of that economy, with changes in the demand regime partly explained by changes in personal income distribution.

JEL Classification: E11, D31, B52
Dorothy Smith’s Legacy of Social Theorizing: Introduction
Authors: Blume Oeur Freeden
Published: September 2023

In 1992, Barbara Laslett and Barrie Thorne organized a symposium in Sociological Theory with the aim of tearing down a “wall of silence” between feminist theory and the mainstream of sociological theorizing. For help, the editors turned to the work of Dorothy E. Smith, the renowned theoretician and methodologist. Smith’s theorizing today carries even greater appeal, having expanded from a sociology for women to a sociology for people. This wider scope never sacrifices her project’s theoretical versatility and nimbleness and disdain for abstraction. In offering a critical tribute to Smith, who passed away in June 2022 at the age of 95, the present symposium invited three scholars—Paige Sweet, Rebecca Lund, and Marjorie DeVault—to share new reflections on the legacy of Smith’s powerful mode of inquiry.
Adolescents’ Perception About the Relationship Between Self-Reported Smartphone Addiction and Emotional and Behavioral Problems During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hinnah Borges Martins de Freitas Bruna , Munhoz Gaíva Maria Aparecida , Bortolini Juliano , Manuela Jorge Diogo Paula
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to understand adolescents’ perception about the relationship between Self-Reported Smartphone Addiction and Emotional and Behavioral Problems in the COVID-19 pandemic context. The qualitative research was conducted in Brazil with 16 adolescents aged from 15 to 18 years old classified with smartphone addiction by Smartphone Addiction Inventory scale. Data were collected through focus group meetings and prepared by means of Bardin’s content analysis. The findings resulted in two categories that describe how adolescents escape from the reality imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic using smartphones and how they perceive the emotional and behavioral changes caused by this addiction. They develop this behavior seeking to alleviate negative emotions and to escape from reality, but this relief is momentary and ineffective, as this addictive relationship proves to accentuate emotional distress.
Comment la préférence envers les lettres du nom influence le choix d’un pair dans l’économie P2P
Authors: Lacan Camille
Published: September 2023

Cette recherche examine et étend la compréhension du name-letter effect – ou préférence implicite de l’individu envers les lettres de son nom (PLN) – lors du choix d’un pair au sein de l’économie P2P. En s’appuyant sur la cognition implicite du consommateur, une étude est conduite sur un échantillon de grande taille pour améliorer la validité interne et externe, qui ne sont pas clairement établies dans la littérature existante. Cette recherche met en évidence l’influence de la PLN dans les choix réels des consommateurs et révèle qu’il s’agit d’un antécédent important du choix d’un pair. Les consommateurs sur Airbnb préfèrent significativement réserver un logement auprès d’un hôte dont le prénom ressemble au leur (sur la base d’initiales communes ou de lettres non ordonnées communes) plutôt qu’à tout autre hôte. La PLN augmente avec le nombre de lettres partagées, dans le cas d’un logement du premier niveau de prix et lorsque la proximité avec l’hôte est élevée. Ces résultats indiquent le rôle majeur de cette préférence implicite envers la similarité des noms et induisent d’importantes implications pratiques et éthiques pour le marketing de la personnalisation des systèmes de recommandation.
The Big Five and Collaborative Problem Solving: A Narrative Systematic Review
Authors: Jolić Marjanović Zorana , Krstić Ksenija , Rajić Milana , Stepanović Ilić Ivana , Videnović Marina , Altaras Dimitrijević Ana
Published: September 2023

The current study integrates available findings on the relationship between the Big Five personality traits and collaborative problem solving (CPS), as a specific type of teamwork. Based on a systematic search and screening of the literature, 47 papers were reviewed. Having separately analyzed how individual and group-level traits relate to the processes and outcomes of CPS, we found several meaningful associations. Both individual-level and group-level Conscientiousness and Agreeableness were positively related to the quality of CPS. The former trait contributed more to the enactment of task roles/behaviors in CPS, to task-related team processes and team performance; the latter was dominantly related to the enactment of social roles/behaviors, and to relationship-related team processes and emergent states. The role of the remaining traits in CPS depended on the level of analysis, with individual Extraversion being particularly important for within-group positioning, and group Emotional Stability affecting team cohesion. Unsurprisingly, the effects of group-level traits on CPS also depended on the method of aggregating individual trait scores. The hypothesis that some traits would relate more to CPS processes and others to its outcomes was partially confirmed, while the assumption that team processes would mediate the effects of group-level traits on CPS outcomes received substantial support.
Artificial neural networks for predicting mechanical properties of Al2219-B4C-Gr composites with multireinforcements
Authors: Nagaraju Sharath Ballupete , Sathyanarayana Karthik , Somashekara Madhu Kodigarahalli , Pradeep Dyavappanakoppalu Govindaswamy , Puttegowda Madhu , Verma Akarsh
Published: September 2023

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have gained prominence as a reliable model for clustering, grouping, and analysis in various domains. In recent times, machine learning (ML) models such as ANNs have proved to be on par with traditional regression and statistical models in terms of performance and usability. This study focuses on the fabrication of multicomponents-reinforced composites (Boron carbide (B4C) and Graphite (Gr)) using the stir casting technique. The addition of Magnesium to the melt enhances the wettability of B4C and Gr particles within the matrix. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the resulting Al-Mg-metal matrix composites (MMCs) are analyzed. Scanning electron micrographs reveal that B4C and Gr particles were uniformly dispersed in the matrix. X-Ray diffraction analysis confirmed the dispersion of the strengthening. The mechanical properties, including hardness, tensile, compressive, and impact strength, increased with the increase in B4C and Gr wt.%. As the percentage of B4C and Gr reinforcement wt.% increased, the load on the matrix reduced and its load-bearing capacity improved. The strain field generation rate also increased with an increase in B4C and Gr in the matrix, resulting in enhanced mechanical properties. The ANN analysis further confirmed that B4C was the more significant contributor to the mechanical properties of the composites.
Vibration characteristics of electric drive system considering rotor-step skewing
Authors: Guo Dong , Huang Dongning , Ge Shuaishuai , Wang Yawen , Shen Qiping
Published: September 2023

Electric vehicle has been gaining popularity in the worldwide market. The drive system for an electric vehicle usually consists of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and a two-stage gear system. The vibration characteristics of electric drive system is of great importance to the noise and durability performance. Recently, rotor-step skewing has drawn attention as a means to reduce the vibration response for the PMSM, since it can effectively reduce the torque ripple as shown in the previous studies. However, the coupling relationship between the torque ripple and the gear transmission system has not been studied thoroughly. To explore the influence of torque ripple on the motor-gear system when considering rotor-step skewing, this paper proposes a coupled electro-mechanical system model to study the vibration characteristics of electric drive system. The effect of rotor-step skewing on cogging torque and torque ripple of PMSM, dynamic transmission error (DTE) of gear transmission system, and vibration characteristics of electric drive system is studied. The simulation results show that the torque ripple has a significant effect on the DTE and the vibration responses of the electric drive system. The rotor-step skewing not only effectively suppress the torque ripple, but also optimize the DTE harmonics induced by the torque ripple.
M-BWR model of accumulator considering delay time
Authors: Ye Gege , Yang Yuelin , Wang Yunchao , Hu Zhichao , Du Heng , Wei Xiaoyu
Published: September 2023

To address the limitations of the BWR (Benedict-Webb-Rubin) model in predicting the trend of the real gas pressure in the accumulator under the medium and high frequency domain, sinusoidal excitation experiments with different frequencies are conducted for the bladder type accumulator. Based on the delay phenomenon of the accumulator found in the experiment, the M-BWR model considering the delay time is proposed. To verify the accuracy of the model, the predicted results of the M-BWR model and the BWR model are compared with the experimental results. The results of the comparative analysis show that the average error between the prediction results of the M-BWR model and the experimental results at different frequencies is less than 8%, which meets the requirements of engineering applications.
Changing What You Like: Modifying Contour Properties Shifts Aesthetic Valuations of Scenes
Authors: Farzanfar Delaram , Walther Dirk B.
Published: September 2023

To what extent do aesthetic experiences arise from the human ability to perceive and extract meaning from visual features? Ordinary scenes, such as a beach sunset, can elicit a sense of beauty in most observers. Although it appears that aesthetic responses can be shared among humans, little is known about the cognitive mechanisms that underlie this phenomenon. We developed a contour model of aesthetics that assigns values to visual properties in scenes, allowing us to predict aesthetic responses in adults from around the world. Through a series of experiments, we manipulate contours to increase or decrease aesthetic value while preserving scene semantic identity. Contour manipulations directly shift subjective aesthetic judgments. This provides the first experimental evidence for a causal relationship between contour properties and aesthetic valuation. Our findings support the notion that visual regularities underlie the human capacity to derive pleasure from visual information.
The evolution and development landscape of scholarly communication based on the analysis of published articles
Authors: Du Dehui , Ding Jingda , Chen Yifan , Liu Chao
Published: September 2023

This paper aims to unveil the comprehensive research landscape and gain insights into the evolving trend of primary research content within the scholarly communication domain. Leveraging various literature visualization tools, the study delves into the key research themes and their progression in scholarly communication from articles retrieved in Web of Science spanning the years 1996–2021. Moreover, the investigation delves into the historical roots and seminal works in the field. Notably, recent years have witnessed a remarkable focus from scholars on information dissemination, scientific assessment, emerging evaluation frameworks rooted in modern social media, open access, and social networking. The identified classic works indicate that scientific comprehension, citation behavior, communication, and online collaboration have garnered sustained research interest within the scholarly communication realm. In summary, the prevailing research content has transitioned from a closed, publication-centric model to an open network characterized by globalization and diversity. Concurrently, the transformation of scholarly communication is advancing toward digitalization, openness, socialization, networking, and enhanced accessibility.
Comparing COVID-19 and general health information-seeking behaviors among Chinese international students in South Korea
Authors: Jang Sou Hyun , Yi Yong Jeong
Published: September 2023

The study compares the COVID-19 information-seeking behavior of Chinese international students, who represent Korea’s largest international student group, with their general health information seeking behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted indepth semi-structured interviews with 30 Chinese international students who had been living in Korea for at least a year and were enrolled in degree programs. Two independent researchers coded the interview transcripts based on grounded theory until they reached an agreement. Our study revealed that the health information-seeking behaviors of participants differed depending on whether they were seeking general health information or COVID-19 information. Moreover, we found a notable discrepancy between the sources of information that participants preferred to use for general health information and the sources they actually used. Participants rated COVID-19 information as more accurate, authoritative, complete, current, useful, and objective compared to general health information. Our study highlights the critical need for comprehensive support from various organizations, including campus communities, local healthcare organizations, and the Korean and Chinese governments, to provide reliable and accessible health information to Chinese international students.
A Systematic Review of Response Styles Among Latinx Populations
Authors: Zolopa Camille , Leon Michelle , Rasmussen Andrew
Published: September 2023

Culture influences responses to psychological measurements in ways unrelated to target constructs, thus biasing test scores and potentially contributing to under- and over-diagnosis of mental health problems in populations for which measures have not yet been normed. We conducted a systematic review of publications addressing response style among Latinx population groups in North and South America. In a final corpus of 24 studies, Latinx/Latin American populations were generally found to exhibit higher levels of extreme response style ( n = 17), acquiescent response style ( n = 10), and socially desirable responding ( n = 5). The few publications ( n = 3) that investigated midpoint responding reported no differences. Seven publications (29%) attempted to adjust scores to mitigate response style bias, using both scale design and statistical techniques. Findings suggest that researchers and clinicians should directly assess culturally patterned response style as a construct, rather than inferring style indirectly using other measures. For clinicians, knowledge of response style represents another facet of case conceptualization.
Is MORE better? Accumulating Evidence for ANT DBS in Epilepsy
Authors: Quraishi Imran H.
Published: September 2023

[Box: see text]
Blinding to Circumvent Human Biases: Deliberate Ignorance in Humans, Institutions, and Machines
Authors: Hertwig Ralph , Herzog Stefan M. , Kozyreva Anastasia
Published: September 2023

Inequalities and injustices are thorny issues in liberal societies, manifesting in forms such as the gender–pay gap; sentencing discrepancies among Black, Hispanic, and White defendants; and unequal medical-resource distribution across ethnicities. One cause of these inequalities is implicit social bias—unconsciously formed associations between social groups and attributions such as “nurturing,” “lazy,” or “uneducated.” One strategy to counteract implicit and explicit human biases is delegating crucial decisions, such as how to allocate benefits, resources, or opportunities, to algorithms. Algorithms, however, are not necessarily impartial and objective. Although they can detect and mitigate human biases, they can also perpetuate and even amplify existing inequalities and injustices. We explore how a philosophical thought experiment, Rawls’s “veil of ignorance,” and a psychological phenomenon, deliberate ignorance, can help shield individuals, institutions, and algorithms from biases. We discuss the benefits and drawbacks of methods for shielding human and artificial decision makers from potentially biasing information. We then broaden our discussion beyond the issues of bias and fairness and turn to a research agenda aimed at improving human judgment accuracy with the assistance of algorithms that conceal information that has the potential to undermine performance. Finally, we propose interdisciplinary research questions.
Past, Present, and Future of Human Chemical Communication Research
Authors: Loos Helene M. , Schaal Benoist , Pause Bettina M. , Smeets Monique A. M. , Ferdenzi Camille , Roberts S. Craig , de Groot Jasper , Lübke Katrin T. , Croy Ilona , Freiherr Jessica , Bensafi Moustafa , Hummel Thomas , Havlíček Jan
Published: September 2023

Although chemical signaling is an essential mode of communication in most vertebrates, it has long been viewed as having negligible effects in humans. However, a growing body of evidence shows that the sense of smell affects human behavior in social contexts ranging from affiliation and parenting to disease avoidance and social threat. This article aims to (a) introduce research on human chemical communication in the historical context of the behavioral sciences; (b) provide a balanced overview of recent advances that describe individual differences in the emission of semiochemicals and the neural mechanisms underpinning their perception, that together demonstrate communicative function; and (c) propose directions for future research toward unraveling the molecular principles involved and understanding the variability in the generation, transmission, and reception of chemical signals in increasingly ecologically valid conditions. Achieving these goals will enable us to address some important societal challenges but are within reach only with the aid of genuinely interdisciplinary approaches.
Populism in Context: A Cross-Country Investigation of the Facebook Usage of Populist Appeals During the 2019 European Parliament Elections
Authors: Bene Márton , Magin Melanie , Haßler Jörg , Russmann Uta , Lilleker Darren , Kruschinski Simon , Jackson Daniel , Fenoll Vicente , Farkas Xénia , Baranowski Paweł , Balaban Delia
Published: September 2023

Recent scholarship demonstrated that Facebook is a fertile space for populist political communication as its unmediated and viral nature make populist appeals highly efficient in mobilizing voters. However, less attention has been paid to the way these populist messages appear through political actors’ Facebook communication, and what post- and page-level factors they are associated with. We investigate these questions in the context of the 2019 European Parliament election based on a unique cross-national dataset covering twelve European countries. In this study, we categorized 8,074 Facebook posts published on the main Facebook pages of sixty-seven parties. Our findings show that different populist appeals are used in specific ways. For example, at the post level, anti-elitism is frequently used in relation to economy, labor and social policy, and immigration; people-centric appeals are associated with labor and social policy and used when parties call for action, while out-group messages are not related to other topics beyond immigration. “Ideational populist” communication is more frequently articulated in European level and related to the topics of economy and labor and social policy. At the party level, it seems that there are still sharp differences between populist and non-populist parties in their communication.