bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Contribution of Bogie Suspension Seating Configurations & V-Rod Forces on Life of Heavy Duty Bogie Rear Axle Casing – Analysis Using Road Simulator
Authors: Arumugam Paramasivam , Nagarajan Gopikannan , N Mahendra , Muthu Kumar Pandurangan
Published: January 2024

The Heavy Duty live rear axles in commercial vehicle helps to transmit the drive to the rear wheels and also carries vehicle load. The rear axle along with wheel assembly consists of axle casing, differential unit, half shafts, wheel hub, brake drum, brake chamber and wheels. It is one of the major safety critical element in any commercial vehicle. Based on the suspension type, rear axle housing also carries V rod & radius rod mountings & Spring Seat /Wear pad / Rubber Bolster (in case of bogie suspension).

This paper abbreviates the contribution of bogie suspension seating configurations & V-rod Forces on life of heavy duty bogie rear axle casing. In-service DRT hot spot observations were reported on heavy duty rear axle on few models with bogie suspension. In order to find the root cause, devising a proper testing and analysis method is of prime importance. An extensive effort was made to device test methodology based on customer application and field visits.

The test methodology includes Static articulation test cases, Dynamic Pot hole and speed breaker events along with Road Load Data simulation. Vehicle with various suspension component combinations, equipped with Strain gauged Rear axles &V rod, radius rods, were tested for above test cases on road simulator and measurement of axle strain, V-rod and Radius rod forces, Axle displacements were carried out. Vehicle level Iterations with Various combinations of suspension & Seating assembly experimented to understand the Stress levels at hotspot locations.

Road load data & desired articulation conditions simulated using Six poster road simulator at vehicle level. Axle vertical force, V-rod, radius rod force measurement also carried out to understand the effect of loading distribution pattern. Resolved V rod force calculation methodology adopted for comparison strain Hysteresis trend. Hysteresis between axle vertical force and strain also analyzed to observe the Trend.

The above analysis resulted in identification of Load case and Suspension allied components contribution to hotspot. This experiment holistically provides solution for selection of right combination of Rear axle, suspension & allied seating parts for higher fatigue life of rear axle.
Physical Testing Methodology and Evaluating Windscreen Wiping with Respect to Vision Zones for Vehicle Category other than M1
Authors: Joshi Amol , Patil Amol , Doshi Anup , Nikam Shashank , Belavadi Venkataramaiah Shamsundara
Published: January 2024

The windscreen wiping system is mandatory requirement for automotive vehicle as per Central motor vehicle rules (CMVR). The main scope of the standard is to ensure vision zones to be wiped by wiping system to ensure maximum field of vision to the driver. The evaluation of vision zones as per IS 15802:2008 is generally determined by virtual simulation by OEMs. The limitation of virtual simulation is due to actual tolerances in vehicle, due to seat fitment, ergonomic dimensions, seat cushioning effect and wiper non-effective operation which are not taken into consideration very well off. The testing methodology described in the paper is an in-house developed test method based on SAE recommended practices. With the help of 3D H-point machine and a laser based ‘Theodolite’ equipped with horizontal and vertical angle projections from single pivot point is used to develop various vision zones on an actual vehicle windscreen as per technical data. These zones are later compared with wiped area to evaluate field of vision. The standard is applicable to vehicle other than M1 category viz M2, M3, N1, N2 and N3. Critical vehicle parameters such as SgRP (seating reference point), seat back angle and AHP (accelerator heel point), seat travel, GVW (gross vehicle weight) and category of the vehicle are required.

The paper clearly describes calculation steps for calculating Automotive tool reference line, equation for Eye ellipse, placing eye ellipsoide centroid coordinates with respect to VCS (vehicle coordinate system) in vehicle ecosystem, projecting Ellipse tangents for distinct vision zones and evaluating mandatory standard requirement of percentage of wiped area with respect to vision zones at vehicle level. The work scope in this paper will enable manufactures to validate the virtual simulation results with respect to actual vehicle considering all tolerances. This test method can be adapted widely to evaluate more precise test results and data for field of vision certification activity.
A Study of Engine Oil Aeration in IC Engines and Factors Contributing It
Authors: Attri Mayank , Yadav Vimal , Kamboj Jagdish
Published: January 2024

The lubrication system of an internal combustion engine is a crucial component that performs a variety of functions, including lowering friction, cooling, supporting the load, and cleaning debris from the engine’s various moving components. Oil aeration refers to the phenomenon of trapping air bubbles in lubricating oil. High oil aeration can have a detrimental effect on engine performance since modern engines are equipped with parts such as VVT, HLA, RFF, PCJ, LCJ, and other components; whose operation is substantially impacted by the amount of air in circulating oil.

In this study, an Inline 4-cylinder NA DOHC gasoline engine was tested with a densimeter-type aeration measuring machine. Test equipment layout which consists of hoses of various diameters and lengths were designed, fabricated, and instrumented to operate under different test conditions. Visual observations and quantitative measurements of oil aeration were performed in the oil sump. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of aeration measurement equipment’s layout on overall oil aeration and how it can be eliminated. Furthermore, the effect of engine speed, oil quantity, oil temperature, and engine running time is also discussed in this study.

According to test results, the equipment used to measure oil aeration, itself makes a significant contribution to total oil aeration. Based on these test results, an experimental methodology has been developed and discussed to minimize oil aeration due to equipment layout.
An Experimental Approach to Investigate the FEAD Cover Failure & Its Design Optimization
Authors: Patel Hardik Manubhai , Kumar Nitish , Chand Subhash , Gupta Vineet
Published: January 2024

In automotive Front End Accessory Drives (FEAD), the crankshaft supplies power to accessories like alternators, pumps, etc. FEAD undergoes forced vibration due to crankshaft excitation, dynamic tension fluctuations can cause the belt to slip on the accessory pulleys. By considering the criticality of the system, when engine mounting is longitudinally to the vehicle which makes it directly exposed to the air flow containing foreign particles which may cause the damage to the FEAD system and deteriorate the intended functionality. FEAD cover is introduced in the system to enhance belt-pully system functionality by restricting the entry of foreign particles during engine operation.

This paper contains a study of FEAD cover failure and provides the stepwise approach to capture such issue during novel model development for 4 cylinder naturally aspirated engine during engine bench testing.

The failure mechanism was studied using various methodology such as CAE and G-Load measurement to identify the root cause. CAE analysis was done with near to bench boundary conditions and correlation has been established with strain measurement data of failure zone in FEAD cover on the engine test bench.

Countermeasures identification directed towards design optimization and product has been implemented, validated in the engine bench testing successfully.
Virtual Driver Setup for Driver Health Monitoring
Authors: Muralidhara Harish , Murthy Srinidhi , Undi Shrinidhi
Published: January 2024

Testing of the driver monitoring active safety feature involves hundreds of hours of dedicated drives and monitoring human fatigue during the course. In an agile software development, repeated tests are needed to ensure product maturity. This becomes a financially expensive and time exhaustive exercise in the overall development cycle of the product. A Virtual Driver Setup is proposed to be used in testing out the driver monitoring features. The Setup includes an ADAS system hooked up to driver monitoring sensors, a Virtual Driver is recorded using a camera setup. A long drive is simulated on a HiL interface and human fatigue is introduced into the Virtual Driver making use of realistic statistical models developed by globally recognized health organizations. The exhaustive driver use case scenarios can be tested on this platform in an automated and repeatable methodology in deriving feature maturity and regulation compliance.
Study of Parametric Variation on Braking Performance of a Tyre
Authors: Tomer Avinash , Moorthy Vishnu A , Ghosh Prasenjit , Mukhopadhyay Rabindra
Published: January 2024

Braking Performance of a vehicle is one of the most important parameters when it comes to the safety of a vehicle. With rapidly changing tyre & vehicle technology and driving surfaces, its critical to study and quantify the impact of various operational parameters on braking. This study focusses to determine the level of variability in braking performance of a tyre with respect to change in operational and tyre structural parameters. It would hence also assist in defining more accurate test methodology to conduct brake tests. Uncontrolled sources of variability included in study are variation of driver, surface temperature & vehicle, while controlled sources of variability included in study are applied brake force, tyre construction, inflation pressure & test load. The concerned parametric variations have been studied on stand-alone basis as well as combination of more than a single factor. It has been observed that braking in panic condition with higher brake force may not yield the best brake performance and each vehicle and brake system operate ideally in a specific brake force range. As studied previously [2], a rise in surface temperature causes deteriorated braking performance while it is found to improve with increasing inflation pressure which is contrary to published data [2, 3] and needs to be further investigated. Sensitivity to different tread compounds has also been captured. Braking performance is found to be more sensitive to driver style than the average or maximum pedal brake force being applied. Skid Trailer and Flat track machine tests have also been conducted to validate tyre test data with larger control on test parameters and inputs. This also provides useful data to compare braking performance of a tyre on stand-alone basis other than the tyre-vehicle assembly.
An Innovative and Customer Centric Approach on Validating Telematics Based Fleet Optimization Feature for Small Commercial Vehicles
Authors: B Sakthivel , Shams Tausif , Lalasure Santosh , Karnure Shabbir Lalaso , Rajakumar K.
Published: January 2024

Commercial transportation is the key pillar of any growing economy. Light and Small commercial vehicles are increasing every day to cater the logistics demand, but there is always a gap between customer’s actual and desired operational efficiency. This is because of lack of organized fleet and efficient fleet operation. The major requirement of fleet owners is timely delivery, high productivity, downtime reduction, real time tracking, etc., Automakers are now providing fleet management application in modern LCV & SCV to satisfy the fleet operator requirement. However, any feature malfunction, consignment mismatch, wrong notification, missed alerts, etc., can incur huge loss to fleet operator and disrupt the entire supply chain. Hence it is very critical to extensively validate the telematics features in fleet management application.

This paper explains the approach for exhaustive validation strategy of fleet management applications (B2B) from end user perspective. An effective test methodology was established to validate every feature against the real-world possibilities and actual data (CAN/sensor values). Key feature such as Consignment Assignment can be verified by recreating all real-world circumstances such as different delivery scenario, consignment pickup scenario, breakdown scenario, true testing, mock testing, consignment transfer in case of breakdown, partial consignment delivery scenario, etc. The driver and vehicle efficiency mapping feature such as Mileage monitoring, driver monitoring, scheduled maintenance, fuel logs, trip logs can be verified by recreating all customer and field use cases. All the location and real time tracking based features are verified against the instrumented Geo position sensors. Vehicle-based alerts such as idle alert, start stop alert, overspeed, door alert, etc., can be verified against the vehicle logger data values. Lastly, the User interface and user experience of the application is also validated up to icon level in every screen, to ensure ease of use and adaptability for the customer. Thus, an innovative and customer centric approach is established to validate Telematics feature for fleet customers, which is robust and time efficient.
Simulation-Driven Design for Connected and Safety System of Two-Wheeler Electric Vehicle
Authors: Shekhar Apurva , Bellary Anudeep , Gumma Muralidhar
Published: January 2024

Wireless communication technology is playing an increasingly important role in enhancing the safety of vehicles. Wireless communication enables vehicles to establish connections and exchange information with other vehicles, Systems, sensors, infrastructure, and external systems. This connectivity forms the foundation for various safety-enhancing applications and systems. In this paper We used simulation methods to build the Bluetooth antenna, the TPMS antenna, and fall detection of two-wheelers by the use of the IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) for improved communication and two-wheeler rider safety. We are designing a Bluetooth Antenna for a Two-wheeler which follows the standards of the ISM band. The design of a Bluetooth antenna is a critical aspect of wireless communication systems, particularly for applications involving short-range communication. This paper aims to create a successful Bluetooth antenna Simulation for a two-wheeler. TPMS has become a critical component in modern automotive Systems as it provides real-time data on tire pressure which makes the vehicle safer. An antenna is a crucial part of TPMs since it transmits sensor data to the control unit. To evaluate and improve rider safety, the simulation of fall detection in two-wheelers using Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) is a valuable strategy. IMUs are sensor systems consisting of accelerometers, gyroscopes, and sometimes magnetometers. These sensors provide measurements of the vehicle’s orientation, acceleration, and angular velocity. By analyzing these sensor outputs, it becomes possible to detect abrupt changes indicative of a fall or loss of balance. IMU-based fall detection simulation in two-wheelers is a valuable tool for evaluating and enhancing rider safety. This simulation approach facilitates the creation. and optimization of precise fall detection algorithms by simulating real-world circumstances and examining IMU sensor data.
Design Consideration of Liquid Fuel Tank System with Low Fuel Filling Circuit Position in Automotive Vehicle
Authors: Bagga Rajat , Badyal Rochak , Rawat Mohit , Pal Kiran
Published: January 2024

Fuel system in a vehicle plays vital role in vehicle as it stores the fuel safely to facilitate vehicle running for desired range. Fuel system being a safety critical component is designed to endure varied environmental conditions and defined robustness for all usage conditions. Liquid fuel system consists of three major systems viz. filling system, storage system and vapor management system. Of the three, the filling system’s major function is to assist proper re-fueling of the storage system. Pre-mature shut-off, spillage and fuel spit back are the three major risks associated to system performance.

In general, fuel filling system is connected to fuel tank via inlet pipe which houses a flapper to avoid fuel spillage from filler neck during re-filling operation. Fuel filling creates positive pressure inside the tank which causes the tank to bulge. In the process of regaining the original shape fuel is pushed out of the inlet pipe to neck which might cause spillage. To avoid spillage a one-way valve mechanism (flapper) is added to the system.

The filling performance of the system also depends on the height of liquid column i.e., height of fuel neck with respect to breather port in vehicle layout. If neck height is very low with respect to fuel tank breathing port position, addition of flapper causes hinderance in fuel filling. This hindrance further increases if breathing port height with respect to inlet pipe is large. This paper addresses the root cause analysis of the problem and counter measure action plan.
Conversion of Diesel Fuel System to CNG Fuel System for Commercial Vehicles
Authors: Srivastava Rajat , Sharma Mukesh , Kumar Satish , Sharma Pawan , Singh Gaurav
Published: January 2024

CNG fuel has recently gained popularity in passenger and commercial vehicles due to its lower cost of operation compared to gasoline and diesel. It is also a more environmentally friendly fuel than other fuels.

Converting a customer vehicle with a Diesel option to a CNG option is more difficult than building a new CNG vehicle. In this we are outlining the design of CNG fuel systems and the challenges of replacing them during the transition from Diesel to CNG and qualifying the Government Norms for running the vehicle will increase the life as well as make our environment more eco-friendly than diesel vehicles.

Using CNG as a fuel in the automotive industry gives benefits over Gasoline & Diesel • increased life of lubricating oils, as CNG does not contaminate and dilute the crankcase oil. • Lower cost of per unit energy. • Being a gaseous fuel, CNG mixes easily and evenly in air, hence less hazardous. • CNG is less likely to touch off on hot surfaces since it includes a tall auto-ignition temperature (540 °C), and a contract extend (5–15 percent) of combustibility.• CNG transmits essentially less contamination straightforwardly than gasoline or diesel when combusted e.g., UHC, CO, NOX, SOx and PM.
Light Weighting of Tractor Components Using Virtual Optimization Technique
Authors: Dumpa Mahendra Reddy , Perumal Solairaj , Redkar Dinesh , Pagare Nitin , Subbaiyan Prasanna Balaji , Mani Suresh
Published: January 2024

Usually conventional iterative methods of optimization will consume more time to optimize the given design. Mostly, it becomes very difficult if multiple loads are acting on the structure contradicting each other. CAE based optimization technique becomes more useful in such cases to optimize the given design and achieve weight reduction. Optimization methods offers guidance to expedite solutions, resulting in a substantial reduction in product development time. Nowadays, optimization became inevitable part among the virtual validation processes of design in industries.

A wide range of optimization methods have been effectively employed in the design of tractor components, especially mounting brackets, chassis and skid housing for the development of off-road vehicle. Based on the design stage, various optimization techniques were followed i.e. Topology, size and shape. Depending upon the available analysis time & Design freedom, determines the type of optimization approach to be used. In case, the design is already finalized at the stage of mass production, only minimal design modifications were allowed and very less time will be given to optimize the design by using size optimization. In other case, if the design is in the middle of the development stage where relatively more freedom is available to perform topology optimization which is based on the base CAD model. Optimization approach was used to reduce the weight by removing an unnecessary thickness/material while maintaining the sufficient strength. Finally, optimized design has been verified through CAE analysis. Some of the optimized components were tested and implemented successfully. 84% and 96% strain correlation were achieved in the optimized model between test and CAE.

This paper explores and utilizes the Topology, Size and Shape optimization methods to achieve an optimized design of various tractor components for different load applications and in turn to reduce the cost/weight of the components.
ArchEthno - a new tool for sharing research materials and a new method for archiving your own research
Authors: Weber Florence , Zwölf Carlo , Trouche Arnaud , Tricoche Agnès , Sastre José
Published: January 2024

The archiving of ethnographic material is generally considered a blind spot in ethnographic working methods which place more importance on actual investigations and analysis than on how archives are constructed. A team of computer scientists and ethnographers has built an initial tool for sharing ethnographic materials, based on an SQL relational data model that suited the first survey processed but proved difficult to transpose to other surveys. The team developed a new tool based on dynamic vocabularies of concepts which breaks down archiving into three stages. Firstly ethnographers can select and contextualise their survey materials; secondly they structure them in a database according to the research question discovered during their survey; finally, they share this data with other researchers subject to the opinion of an ethics committee whose members are competent in ethnography.
Development of Guided Inquiry-Based Chemistry Instructional Materials to Train Science Process Skills
Authors: Nurtikasari Ayu Wika , Cahyaningrum Sari Edi , Ibrahim Muslimin
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this research is to produce guided inquiry learning tools that are feasible in terms of validity, practicality, and effectiveness in training students' science process skills in acid-base material. This study refers to the Research and Development (R&D) research design. The device was implemented in class XI MIA I and XI MIA II Bani Ali Mursyad PSM Banaran with a total of 58 students. The results of this study indicate: (1) The validity of the device is in the very good category: the learning implementation plan (RPP) is in the very good category, the student worksheets (LKPD) are in the very good category, the syllabus is very good, the assessment sheets are in the very good category. (2) The practicality of learning devices is in the very practical category based on the results of the implementation of the lesson plans. (3) The effectiveness of learning devices is categorized as effective based on the N-gain test of student learning outcomes. (4) Achievement of process skills based on the results of LKPD and observation sheets categorized as skilled. Based on the results of the research, it shows that the learning tools are in the very good category, very practical, effective and skilled so that the learning tools are feasible to use.
ДРУШТВО ЗА БОРБУ ПРОТИВ ЛУКСУЗА 1921–1922. ГОДИНЕ – ПРИМЕР НЕЦИВИЛНОСТИ ЦИВИЛНОГ ДРУШТВА У ЛЕСКОВЦУ НАКОН ВЕЛИКОГ РАТА
Authors: Гргов Александра
Published: January 2024

After the First World War, an association named "Anti-luxury society" was founded in Leskovac, officially with the aim of encouraging savings due to the financial crisis in the country. We analyzed six texts of the weekly newspaper "Leskovački glasnik", which was published in Leskovac from 1921 to 1941. In the paper we will show that the background of this action was the intention of members of the ruling elite to remain in their positions, in fear of growing class egalitarianism, which is evidenced by the fact that the founders of the association were women who belonged to the families of industrialists and bankers from Leskovac. This association is an indicator of the closedness, traditionalism and hierarchization of the social environment in which it was created and which, under the guise of fighting for progress, defends the interests of the dominant class. At the same time, women's role and its representation as a moral pillar in times of crisis can be an effective tool in the defense of moral and cultural identity, especially if advertising is done through the currently most available media, such as newspapers. Key words: civil society, woman, Anti-luxury society, Leskovac, closed society, bourgeoisie.
Entendiendo la salud financiera. Estados financieros
Authors: Rea Vozmediano Rebeca Edith , Vinueza Zapata Raúl Santiago , Jácome Caluguillin Paola Samanta , Moran Cabezas Augusto Leonidas
Published: January 2024

Este libro es una guía educativa que ofrece información detallada sobre cómo comprender, preparar y analizar los estados financieros de una empresa. Se describen los elementos clave que se suelen encontrar en una guía de estados financieros, como el balance general, el estado de resultados, el estado de flujos de efectivo, el estado de cambios en el patrimonio neto, las notas a los estados financieros, el análisis financiero, las normas contables, ejemplos prácticos, consejos y recomendaciones y el glosario de términos. Esta guía es útil para estudiantes, profesionales y cualquier persona interesada en contabilidad y finanzas.
Especificación del software y enfoques ágiles
Authors: Páez Padilla Mónica Elizabeth , Portilla Martínez Diego Javier
Published: January 2024

En este capítulo, se tratan asuntos fundamentales que abarcan desde la definición del software hasta la implementación de enfoques ágiles, con un enfoque particular en el marco de trabajo Scrum. Se destaca la relevancia de no confiar únicamente en metodologías y procesos para producir software de alta calidad, sino también en una precisa especificación y la aplicación de prácticas ágiles. El texto se enfoca en la etapa de especificación del software, incluyendo diseño, implementación, validación y evolución. También explora los enfoques ágiles en el desarrollo de software, detallando su idoneidad y el Manifiesto Ágil. Luego, se analizan los componentes clave de Scrum, incluyendo roles, responsabilidades, interacción, justificación de negocio y artefactos. Finalmente, se profundiza en los eventos esenciales de Scrum, incluyendo el Scrum Diario, la retrospectiva y el refinamiento del Product Backlog.
TEOLOŠKE VISOKOŠKOLSKE USTANOVE U REPUBLICI SRBIJI
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Đorđević Srđan , Matić Dejan ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law
Published: January 2024

This paper discusses the problem of the position of theological higher education institutions in the context of current positive legal regulations in the field of higher education in the Republic of Serbia. The current situation in our higher education, as well as the public debate that preceded the adoption of the currently valid regulations in this area, clearly indicate the undoubted need to approach the analysis of precisely those norms that regulate the work of higher education institutions that implement academic study programs in the field of theology of one of the traditional churches and religious communities. In addition, the need for such critical consideration, in itself, originates from the undoubted and immeasurable general social importance that activity in higher education, by the nature of things, quite objectively possesses. Precisely for the stated reasons, this work is dedicated to both a critical analysis of the indicated regulations, and to pointing out possible directions for overcoming potential problems in the future, in order to enable smoot development and progress for the activities in the field of higher education in Serbia
ULOGA CRKVE U SVETLU SAVREMENIH BIOETIČKIH PITANjA
Authors:   Institute of Comparative Law in Belgrade, Serbia, Čović Ana
Published: January 2024

Contemporary legal science is facing the challenges of the modern age. In an attempt to answer the current very complex questions, which, beside from the questions from the field of law, are closely related to questions from the fields of medicine, philosophy, psychology and sociology, bioethical and moral dilemmas are opened. Their correct understanding are required certain theological knowledge, since that questions of life and death are basic religious topics. Contemporary bioethical issues such as in vitro fertilization, surrogacy, organ donation and euthanasia are some of the most topical and controversial. Faced with various personal biomedical dilemmas, people often turn to representatives of the Church, who give their answer from the aspect of church bioethics, which is different from secular bioethics. The author will try to answer the question whether the position of the Church should (and may) be ignored when determining the legal framework concerning the aforementioned issues, or whether the cooperation of the state and the Church is more necessary than ever before. What consequences can we face if constructive dialogue is absent?
China-Afghanistan Relations: Change to the Path of Strategic Partnership
Authors: RASOOLİ Muaiyid , YAWAR Mohammad Ekram , SHARIFY Abdul Jamıl , HAQYAR Ebadullah
Published: January 2024

The China and Afghanistan relations have been regulated based on Beijing's approach to regional and international developments in the past decades. The pulling out of American forces from Afghanistan and the takeover of Kabul by the Taliban led to a change in China's approach to Afghanistan from different points of view. America's withdrawal will alter the balance of power in Afghanistan and, as a result, its surrounding areas. China's approach to Afghanistan has always been based on security considerations, and now economic considerations have also been added to it. China's big economic plan in Pakistan and Central Asia is one of the most imperative security concerns of China, along with the concern of the link between the extremist groups in Afghanistan and the Uyghurs in the neighborhood of this country. The presence of the Taliban in power and the withdrawal of America from Afghanistan have led to a change in the relationship pattern from calculated indifference to strategic partnership. Components such as environmental uncertainty and strategic adaptation became the basis for the acceptance of this model by China. In the current research, we are investigating the reason for the change in China's attitude towards Afghanistan from calculated indifference to strategic partnership, and we want to provide a clear picture of these developments by expressing China's activism in Afghanistan.
Factors affecting the failure of the government in Afghanistan Taliban under the guidance of regional security group theory
Authors: YAWAR Mohammad Ekram
Published: January 2024

This current research is to examine the times and influencing factors in the formation of a failed and bankrupt government in post-Taliban Afghanistan. A large part of political and social anomalies and disorders in this country are closely related to the weakness and incapacity of the government.
Historical evidences have shown that the government in Afghanistan has been unable to continuously exercise experimental governance and to provide services and basic goods such as "security, justice and welfare", weak and weak. has been The governments established after September 11 were not exempted from this and the support policies of the international community were not able either, creating a gap in the fragility and weakness of the government in this country; In our opinion, addressing this issue is of fundamental importance and necessity.
The main question is "what factors were effective in the failure and weakness of the government after Taliban regime in Afghanistan?"; The hypothesis of the article is: the high level of political violence, the low level of socio-political harmony, the main political conflict in the organizing ideology of the state, the lack of legitimacy and the weak idea of the state. It is the most significant factor that puts the post-Taliban governments at the end of the spectrum of failed and advanced governments. research method: the mentioned problem was analyzed in the framework of the security group theory with descriptive-analytical method.
The findings of the article indicate the emergence of a state resembling bankruptcy has led to the growth of political and social anomalies and disorders in this country.
Pandangan Filsafat Pendidikan Aliran Progresivisme terhadap Karakter Siswa di SDN 1 Kedungwaras
Authors: Atika Surfilda Dwi , A’yun Dya
Published: January 2024

Filsafat merupakan ilmu dasar bagaimana kita menjalankan sebuah kehidupan. Begitu pula dengan filsafat pendidikan yang menjadi sebuah landasan dalam menjalankan sebuah pendidikan. Filsafat pendidikan aliran progresivisme merupakan aliran yang paling cocok untuk menghadapi tuntutan zaman pada saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pandangan filsafat pendidikan aliran progresivisme terhadap karakter siswa di SDN 1 Kedungawaras, menilai bagaimana aliran tersebut berhubungan terhadap karakter peserta didik, apa saja yang mempengaruhi karakter peserta didik, dan urgensi pendidikan karakter terhadap peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan cara wawancara terhadap guru di SDN 1 kedungwaras serta pengumpulan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwasanya filsafat pendidikan aliran progresivisme berpandangan bahwasannya peserta didik dapat merubah karakter mereka jika mereka memili keinginan tersendiri dari dalam dirinya untuk merubahnya. Karakter siswa dipengaruhi oleh fsktor yang dia bawa sejak dia lahir atau dari dalam dirinya sendiri serta faktor lingkungan sekitar. Pendidikan karakter sanagat perlu dilakukan oleh satuan pendidikan untuk membentuk karakter yang baik bagi peserta didik, selain itu orangtua, guru, dan masyarakat perlu sadar bahwasanya karakter sangatlah penting bagi peserta didik.
Comparing both Open and Closed Techniques in Rhinoplasty
Authors:   Universidad de Colima, Rivera Zaira Leticia Cavazos
Published: January 2024

Rhinoplasty is a surgical technique used to restore and modify nasal tissues for both functional and aesthetic reasons. There are two primary methods for doing a rhinoplasty: open and closed. While both methods change the bone and cartilage, there are variations in the ways that the nasal components are reached. Both open and closed rhinoplasty have changed significantly over the past 20 years due to the introduction of various cartilage transplants, sutures, and improvements in surgical technology. Rhinoplasty is a very difficult procedure that calls for a high level of expertise and training from physicians. Because of the lifelong learning curve, the surgeon's skill set—rather than their technique—determines the best possible patient outcomes.
The Influence of Financial Literacy, Social Interaction, and Use of Technology on Students' Interest in Stock Investment
Authors:   Universitas Mercu Buana, SKom. MM Iwan Firdaus , Alim, SE., M.Si dan Mulia ,   Universitas Mercu Buana
Published: January 2024

This research aims to analyze the influence of financial literacy, social interaction, and use of technology on students' stock investment interest. The population in this study was 35 active former members of the KSPM Mercu Buana University Class of 2022-2023. The data collection method is a survey method, with a research instrument, namely a uuestionnaire. The sampling method used is a saturated sample where all members of the population are used as samples. The data analysis method uses Structural Euuation Model-Partial Least Suuare. This research proves that the financial literacy variable has a positive and significant effect on students' interest in investing in shares, while the variables of social interaction and use of technology have no effect on students' interest in investing in shares.
Environmental Uncertainty in The Effect of Transfer Pricing on Tax Avoidance
Authors:   Master of Accounting, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia, Hardianingrum Anisa , Sudaryono Eko Arief ,   Accounting Department, Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia
Published: January 2024

One of the tax avoidance schemes undertaken by companies, especially multinational companies, is transfer pricing. Transfer pricing decisions in tax avoidance can depend on environmental uncertainty. This research analyzes the effect of transfer pricing on tax avoidance and environmental uncertainty as moderating variables in multinational companies. Secondary data from annual reports or financial statements are used as sample data. The sample used is 195 from 39 firms that appropriate the criteria of 113 companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) during 2018-2022 in the non-cyclical consumer sector. The analysis of this research is a regression with a moderating variable. We argue that transfer pricing is undertaken to tax avoidance practices and the decision to avoid tax by transfer pricing is influenced by environmental uncertainty. This study's results show that transfer pricing affects tax avoidance positively. In addition, environmental uncertainty can moderate that influence. The value of transfer pricing is linearly related to the value of tax avoidance. That value is strengthened by environmental uncertainty.
Analisis strategi pemasaran untuk meningkatkan daya saing UMKM ladu arai pinang ikhlas di gasan gadang
Authors: Ive Arivetullatif , . Sulastri
Published: January 2024

The Marketing strategies is one of way to win a sustainable competitive advantageboth for companies that produces goods or services. The Marketing startegies can use as a basic in order to preparing of the companies planning. One of the problems that still often occurs today is UMKM competition which is getting tougher because UMKM are an indicator of the success of a nation’s development. This is indicated by the many findings of problems that occur in UMKM at this time. In the case, the government’s role is expected to create UMKM that have quality and creativity to be able to compate with other UMKM. This study aims to: (1) Increase sales of ladu arai pinang nut in Gasan Gadang: (2) To find out how to improve the competitiveness of UMKM in Ladu Arai Pinang in Gasan Gadang. This study uses qualitative research, data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interviews and documentation. Consists of primary data and secondary data. The results of the study show that the results of this study indicate that UMKM in the Gasan Gadang area, Padang Pariaman Regency, still have many internal or external problems. The problem that often occurs is the lack of costs for business capital and the distribution of goods that are not appropriate are not in accordance with the target. Many UMKM actors are walking in the place in developing their business because they lack innovation, such as innovation in taste and packiaging, umkm actors must be literate with technology. This Is one of the keys to the success of business. Before starting a bisiness, one must have a clear vision and mission so that a business can be directed according to the target to be achieved. The role of the government is also very important because UMKM are one of the indicators of the success of a nation.
Use of dandelion root in functional bread technology
Authors: Korolev A. P. , Feofilaktova O. V. , Zavorokhina N. V. , Tarasov A. V.
Published: January 2024

Prevention of nutritional diseases with the help of functional foods remains relevant. Therefore, the development of food technology using raw materials that contribute to the formation of functional properties is relevant and has scientific and practical significance. The object of the research was every day product, i.e. bread made from premium wheat flour. In order to form functional properties non-traditional plant raw materials were used to enrich bread – dandelion root, characterized by a high content of prebiotic substance – inulin. The purpose of the research was to substantiate the creation of bakery products for a wide range of consumers, enriched with wild plant materials with functional properties. Organoleptic evaluation was carried out in accordance with GOST R 53161-2008; dietary fiber content according to GOST R 54014-2010; vitamins according to the General Pharmacopoeia. 1.2.3.0017.15. As a result of laboratory baking, experimental samples of bread were obtained from premium wheat flour containing dandelion root powder in the recipe in amounts of 5, 10 and 15%. An organoleptic assessment of the quality of the prototypes made it possible to justify the choice of a bread recipe made from wheat flour with the addition of dandelion root powder in an amount of 5%. A larger amount contributed to the appearance of a bitter taste, a specific herbal odor and the formation of uneven porosity of bread and dense crumb. Adding dandelion root powder to the recipe for bread made from wheat flour helps to increase the content of dietary fiber in the finished product by an average of 1.5 times for every 5% of added powder, as well as increasing the content of vitamins B1, B2 and B5. The developed type of bread can be produced at any bakery, as well as public catering enterprise, which will help expand the range of functional food products.
Development of technological solutions to increase the biological value of gluten-free bread
Authors: Pankratyeva N. A. , Chechenikhina O. S.
Published: January 2024

The industry of gluten-free bakery products has not been studied properly, so this topic is gaining popularity among scientists. The subject of the research was the development of recipes for gluten-free flour mixtures. To improve the taste characteristics of the product and increase the biological value, it was decided to introduce plant raw materials non-traditional for bread. Chia seeds and carrot powder were chosen as additives. The goal of the research was to develop recipes for gluten-free flour mixtures. The research was carried out in several stages: 1. determination of the component composition of the gluten-free mixture recipe and production of prototypes; 2. analysis of organoleptic indicators; 3. carrying out physical and chemical studies of dough and finished products. To carry out the analysis instrumental and visual research methods were used. During the experiment three samples of bread were obtained from different types of gluten-free flour (No. 1 – green buckwheat; No. 2 amaranth flour; No. 3 – gram flour) in combination with rice flour, carrot powder and chia seeds. The control sample was bread made from rice flour, potato and corn starch. The rate of dietary fiber supplementation was calculated on the basis of the recommended daily intake. Thus, 2.8 g of dietary fiber was added with carrots, and 4.4 g of dietary fiber with chia seeds. According to all the studies carried out, sample No. 3 from gram flour turned out to be the best. The research results can be used in the baking industry to expand the range of bakery products. A mixture for making gluten-free bread can be a very useful product, especially for those categories of the population who have a need for such products. Also, given that for the majority of the population bread is a commodity of everyday demand, the production of such mixtures will be in great demand.
Rationale for the use of quail meat in the production of food products for special purposes
Authors: Patieva A. M. , Khatko Z. N. , Patieva S. V. , Zykova A. V.
Published: January 2024

As a result of scientific research carried out on the materials and technical base of KubSAU named after. I.T. Trubilin and MSTU technological parameters and biological value of quail meat has been studied. Texas broiler quails, which were raised on a farm in the Krasnodar Territory, were slaughtered. The rationale for the use of Texas broiler quail meat in the technology of special-purpose meat products has been given. Studies of technological properties showed that the slaughter yield of an uneviscerated carcass is on average 85%. The yield of boneless meat was assessed in two ways: after gutting and after blanching the carcass, which showed that the yield of boneless meat after blanching was higher by 16.87 g, which was explained by a more thorough separation of muscle tissue from the bones. The results provided the basis for the use of blanching of whole carcasses in the production technology of special products based on quail meat. The recipe composition of meat cream based on quail meat and offal was modeled. Experimental batches were developed, followed by a tasting assessment and calculation of nutritional value, which showed high results, which justified the use of Texas broiler quail meat for the production of products for both general and special purposes.
Research of the antioxidants content in plant raw materials – ingredients for polycomponent functional chips
Authors: Perfilova O. V. , Rodina Z. Yu. , Bryksina K. V. , Ilyinsky A. S.
Published: January 2024

The article discusses the possibility of using such plant raw materials as pumpkin varieties of Michurinskaya, Krasnaya Malyshka and hybrid Azhur medoviy F1, calendula flower powder, corn flour when designing new types of multicomponent chips ensuring the principle of resource saving due to the involvement of apple production pomace in the technological process juice. A comprehensive analysis of plant raw materials used in the production of chips was carried out for the total content of antioxidants, polyphenolic composition (flavonols, catechins, anthocyanins), the presence of ascorbic acid and beta-carotene. Among the varieties and hybrids of pumpkin, in terms of the total content of water-soluble antioxidants, Krasnaya Malyshka and Azhur Medoviy F1 stand out, then apple pomace, corn flour are ranked in increasing antioxidant value, and the leader here is calendula flower powder. The content of polyphenols in the hybrid Azhur medoviy F1 is higher than in the varieties of Michurinskaya and Krasnaya Malyshka by an average of 42%. The maximum content of ascorbic acid was found in Krasnaya Malyshka pumpkin, but at the same time this variety is inferior in beta-carotene content to two other varieties Michurinskaya and the hybrid Azhur medoviy F1 by 58 and 54%, respectively. Apple pomace can act as an additional source of ascorbic acid and flavonols, calendula flower powder – ascorbic acid, polyphenols and beta-carotene, and corn flour – flavonols, catechins and beta-carotene. All pumpkin varieties and hybrids studied in the work ensure that the finished multicomponent chips, taking into account the established recommended consumption rate – 30 g per day, contain functional ingredients – ascorbic acid, beta-carotene and flavonols at a level of more than 15% of the physiological consumption rate per day.