bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Context reexposure to bolster contextual dependency of emotional episodic memory
Authors: Cox Wouter , Woelk Mandy , de Vries Olivier , Krypotos Angelos-Miltiadis , Kindt Merel , Engelhard Iris , Sevenster Dieuwke , van Ast Vanessa Anna
Published: December 2022

Contextual overgeneralization of emotional memory is believed to be a core aspect of affective disorders. Identifying methods to restrict emotional memory activation to its original encoding context is therefore of significant clinical interest. Preliminary evidence from rodent research points to a promising approach: reexposure to the context in which fear conditioning took place seems to reduce fear generalization to other contexts. However, it remains unknown which mechanisms underlie these effects, even though such fundamental knowledge is crucial for successful translation to interventions. Importantly, exposure to a context that resembles – but is not identical to – the encoding context may lead to diminished contextual dependency of memory by integration of additional contextual cues. Here, we therefore assessed in a large-scale study (N=180) whether reexposure to the encoding context enhances contextual dependency of episodic memory and whether exposure to a similar context impairs it. We also tested whether such effects are predicted by the strength of memory retrieval during context (re)exposure. The results showed that correct recognition depends on context and that such contextual dependency is lower for emotional than neutral memories, which replicates prior research. However, exposure to the encoding context or a similar context did not affect contextual dependency of emotional or neutral memory. Also, retrieval strength did not predict any effects. Thorough insight into factors underlying the effects of context (re)exposure on contextual dependency seems key to eventually attain a therapeutic memory recontextualization intervention
The Correlation of Honesty-Humility and Learning Goals with Academic Cheating
Authors: Reinhardt Nina
Published: December 2022

Academic cheating is a problem that affects many educational institutions and has become increasingly significant with the new challenges of online education. Recent studies have found that learning goals are correlated with cheating behavior among students. In this study, we investigated whether learning goals are still a predictor ofcheating behavior when controlling for students’ Honesty-Humility (emanated from the HEXACO model of personality) within a sample of 311 German university students. Regrading students’ learning goals, we assessed their learning approach, performance approach, performance avoidance, and work avoidance. The result shows an intermediate negative and highly significant association between Honesty-Humility and academic cheating. Learning goals did not explain any incremental variance in academic cheating that goes beyond the Honesty-Humility factor. As the only exception, the work avoidance goal was found to also predict cheating behavior, but this positive association seems to be not as strong as the negative correlation between Honesty-Humility and academic cheating. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these results and make recommendations for future research.
Overconfidently conspiratorial: Conspiracy believers are dispositionally overconfident and massively overestimate how much others agree with them
Authors: Pennycook Gordon , Binnendyk Jabin , Rand David Gertler
Published: December 2022

There is a pressing need to understand belief in false conspiracies. Past work has focused on the needs and motivations of conspiracy believers, as well as the role of overreliance on intuition. Here, we propose an alternative driver of belief in conspiracies: overconfidence. Across eight studies with 4,181 U.S. adults, conspiracy believers not only relied more intuition, but also overestimated their performance on numeracy and perception tests (i.e. were overconfident in their own abilities). This relationship with overconfidence was robust to controlling for analytic thinking, need for uniqueness, and narcissism, and was strongest for the most fringe conspiracies. We also found that conspiracy believers – particularly overconfident ones – massively overestimated (>4x) how much others agree with them: Although conspiracy beliefs were in the majority in only 12% of 150 conspiracies across three studies, conspiracy believers thought themselves to be in the majority 93% of the time.
Ten Simple Rules for Serving as an Editor
Authors: Mura Cameron , Bourne Philip
Published: December 2022

The helpful Ten Simple Rules series in this journal (PLOS Computational Biology) does not yet offer a piece on the topic of “serving as an editor”. By this phrase we mean that role which may variously be called ‘handling editor’, ‘academic editor’, ‘scientific editor’ and so on—in other words, the individual who oversees the process of shepherding a written piece of scientific work from the point of manuscript submission through to peer review and, ultimately, either publication or rejection. Therefore, the present work aims to offer guidance that can help you, the reader—in your current or future roles as a novice handling editor—be the type of editor whom you might have liked to have dealt with yourself, in your own experience and interactions thus far in publishing your work. In this work, we primarily focus on the mechanics and best practices of one’s editorial responsibilities when handling a manuscript, starting at the initial point of being invited to serve as an editor.
Protestpotenzial in der Energiekrise
Authors: Steinhilper Elias , Jacobsen Jannes , Dollmann Jörg , Isani Mujtaba , Köhler Jonas , Lietz Almuth , Mayer Sabrina Jasmin , Walter Lisa
Published: December 2022

Werden die Menschen in Deutschland aufgrund der Inflation und der massiv steigenden Energiepreise im Herbst und Winter 2022 massenhaft auf die Straße gehen? Drohen, wie vielfach befürchtet, ein „heißer Herbst“ oder „Wutwinter“ und eine „Querfront“ aus linken und rechten Akteur*innen? Auf Basis einer repräsentativen Bevölkerungsbefragung des DeZIM.panels gehen wir den Fragen nach, wie groß das Protestpotenzial aktuell ist und wie dieses Potenzial mit soziodemographischen Merkmalen und politischen Faktoren zusammenhängt. Unsere Analysen zeigen, dass sich rund jede*r vierte Befragte vorstellen kann, aufgrund der hohen Energiepreise zu protestieren. Etwas über die Hälfte will deswegen nicht auf die Straße gehen, knapp jede*r Fünfte ist noch unentschlossen. Bei Personen, die die AfD wählen würden, ist das Protestpotenzial fast doppelt so hoch wie in der Gesamtbevölkerung. Darüber hinaus dokumentieren die Daten, dass diejenigen Befragten, die in der Vergangenheit gegen die Corona-Maßnahmen protestiert haben, dreimal so häufig zum Protest in der Energiekrise bereit sind als der Rest der Bevölkerung,
Designbasierte Schulentwicklung im deutschen Kontext. Erste Erfahrungen eines Pilotprojekts im Land Berlin
Authors: Mintrop Heinrich , Bremm Nina , Kose Christiane
Published: December 2022

Probleme im Bildungssystem sind oft mals sehr komplex und unstrukturiert, sodass sich für die Handelnden der Eindruck aufdrängt, dass „alles mit allem zusammenhängt“. Zudem werden viele Bedingungsfaktoren, die als ursächlich für das Problem angesehen werden, außerhalb der Kontrolle der Handelnden verortet. Die Methode der designbasierten Schulentwicklung (DBSE) trägt dieser Situation Rechnung. Sie beginnt mit der Diagnose gemeinsamer Dringlichkeiten oder Leidenschaften innerhalb eines Teams oder einer Organisationseinheit. Darauf folgt die Defi nition eines konkreten praktischen Problems. Die Ausgangslage, Ziele oder gewünschte Zustände werden festgelegt. Kausale Faktoren für problematische Verhaltensweisen, Überzeugungen oder Einstellungen werden analysiert und Stärken und Kapazitäten der Organisationseinheit sichtbar gemacht. Daran anschließend werden konkrete Aktivitäten geplant, die die gewünschte Veränderung vorantreiben sollen. Der Nachweis der Wirkung, die durch einfach handhabbare praktische Messgrößen festgestellt wird, macht Erfolge sichtbar und zeigt die Richtung für die nächsten Versuchsschleifen oder Iterationen auf. So wird kollektive und individuelle Selbstwirksamkeit erlebbar. Dieser logisch einfache Prozess wird durch Fallbeispiele, Tools und Artefakte strukturiert, die den Handelnden helfen, auch bei komplexen Problemstellungen den Überblick zu behalten.
Schulentwicklungsbegleitung als Profession – Entwurf einer ausstehenden Weiterentwicklung
Authors: Herrmann Joachim
Published: December 2022

Mit den pandemiebedingten Schulschließungen der Jahre 2020 und 2021 haben sich einerseits die sozialen Disparitäten, mit denen Schulen in Deutschland konfrontiert sind, verschärft, andererseits sind für viele Kinder und Jugendlichen Lernrückstände entstanden, auf die derzeit mit finanzstarken Programmen zu reagieren versucht wird. Dies bestärkt wiederum die Debatte um wirksame Unterstützung von Schulen in ihrer Schul- und Unterrichtsentwicklung, in der sich sehr heterogene Positionen bemerkbar machen: Während einerseits die universitären Fachdidaktiken sowie die empirische Schul- und Unterrichtsforschung auf evidenzbasierte und fachbezogene Programme drängen, werden die Schulentwicklung und die an dieser orientierten Schulentwicklungs- oder Prozessberatung häufig skeptisch betrachtet. Der Blick auf Entstehung und Veränderungen der Schulentwicklungsbegleitung soll zunächst aufzeigen, dass jene Skepsis nicht gänzlich unbegründet ist, bevor der Entwurf einer konzeptionellen Grundlegung einer an Lern- und Unterrichtsentwicklung orientierten Schulentwicklungsbegleitung umrissen wird. Diese verspricht die Lücke der schulinternen Umsetzung – und damit der Wirksamkeit – jener evidenzbasierten Programme zu schließen, da kein noch so standardisiertes Konzept ohne rekontextualisierte Adaption auskommt.
Evaluating the quality of electrical wires used for residential building wiring in Delta State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, Delta State University of Science and Technology, Ozoro, Nigeria., Odoh F. E , Ebisine E. E. ,   Department of Electrical/Electronics Engineering, Delta State University, Oleh Campus, Delta State, Nigeria., Okieke U. J. ,   Department of Electrical/Electronics Engineering, Delta State University, Oleh Campus, Delta State, Nigeria.
Published: December 2022

The utilization of counterfeit and substandard building materials for residential building construction had become a major concern, due to the hazards the occupants of those buildings are being subjected to. This research was carried out to appraise the quality of electrical wires used for residential building wiring in Delta State, Nigeria, and to also investigate the reasons why property developers still use these substandard materials despite the glaring negative consequences. Three commonly used electrical wire sizes (1.5, 2.5 and 4 mm2) for residential building electrical wiring were randomly selected within the Delta state, and their electrical properties (electrical resistance and electrical resistivity) and mechanical properties (area, tensile strength, and tensile strain) were determined following the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE 400), Nigeria Industrial Standard (NIS), and America Standard Testing Material (ASTM) International recommended procedures; also, well-structured questionnaires were administered to four groups of respondents. The findings indicated that the mechanical and electrical properties of most electrical wires, used for residential building wiring in Delta State failed to meet NIS standards. Across the five sampling locations, the mean electrical resistivity of the 1.5 mm2 wire ranged between 2.04±0.07x10-7 and 2.09±0.08x10-7 Ωmm, while the 2.5 mm2 wire's mean electrical resistivity varied from 1.90±0.06x10-7 to 1.97±0.13 x10-7 Ωmm, and the 4 mm2 wire’s mean electrical resistivity varied from 1.75±0.08 x10-7 to 1.87±0.06 x10-7 Ωmm. Also, across the five sampling locations, the mean tensile strength of the 1.5 mm2 wire ranged between 144.1 and 163.3 MPa, while the 2.5 mm2 wire's mean tensile strength varied from 163.2 to 177.4 MPa, and the 4 mm2 wire’s mean tensile strength varied from 169.4±20.6 to 185.4±17.2 MPa. Furthermore, the analysis of variance indicated that sampling location had no significant effect on the wires' mechanical and electrical properties (p≤0.05); portraying that this fraudulent practice is widespread across the state. The analysis of the questionnaire results confirmed that financial constraints and inappropriate actions of many building contractors were the major contributing factors to the utilization of substandard wires for residential building wiring in Nigeria. Based on this study's findings, it is recommended that standard regulatory agencies should step up their efforts against substandard building materials, to avoid its impending danger in Nigeria.
A comparative study on the tensile properties and environmental suitability of glass fibre/raffia palm/plantain fibres hybridized epoxy bio-composites
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Delta State University of Science and Technology, Ozoro, Delta State Nigeria., Edafiadhe E. D. , Nwanze N. E. ,   Department of Agricultural Engineering, Delta State University of Science and Technology, Ozoro, Delta State Nigeria.
Published: December 2022

Bio-composites have been widely introduced as sustainable alternative engineering materials, due to their environmental friendliness. The aim of this study was to assess the variations in the mechanical and biodegradation behaviours of natural fibres (raffia palm and plantain fibres) reinforced composites, and compared them to artificial fibres composites. Bio-composite samples produced through hybridization of glass fibre, plantain fibre and raffia palm fibre, were tested (mechanical and biodegradability tests) in accordance with ASTM International accepted procedures. The biodegradability results indicated that, the tensile strength and tensile elongation for all composites decreased non-linearly during the 28 days of soil treatment. Also, it was observed that the mechanical properties of the natural fibres reinforced bio-composites declined faster, when compared to the synthetic fibre reinforced composite. The bio-composite produced solely with natural fibres (PFRF) had the highest tensile strength reduction rate (43.86%), while the composite produced with solely synthetic fibre (glass fibre) had the minimum tensile strength declining rate (2.18%), at the end of the soil treatment. Regarding the tensile elongation, the PFRF bio-composite had the highest decrement (89.98%), when compared to the 53.28 and 45.92% recorded in the CFPF and CFRF reinforced bio-composites, respectively. With respect to weight loss, it was observed that the weight loss was gradual during the initial period of the soil treatment. However, the bio-composite with the two natural fibres (PFRF) exhibited more pronounced weight loss (46.4%); while the sample with the synthesized fibre (CF) exhibited more resistance to biodegradation (6.23% weight loss). The study results demonstrated that plantain fibre and raffia fibre are environmentally friendly, and composites produced from them developed appreciable tensile properties; hence, they can be used to produce composite for automobile parts.
КУЛЬТУРНЫЕ СМЫСЛЫ В ИНТЕГРАТИВНОМ НАУЧНОМ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ
Authors: Oparina E.O.
Published: December 2022

В обзоре анализируются тенденции, определяющие важные направления современного периода развития лингвистики. Одна из рассматриваемых тенденций -это движение к междисциплинарности и к интеграции наук, охватывающее исследования гуманитарного (но не только гуманитарного) цикла. В обзоре представлены работы, в центре внимания которых место лингвистики в этом процессе. Другая тенденция - повышенное внимание современной лингвистики к вопросам взаимодействия языка и культуры. Данное направление частично обусловлено социальными явлениями, в числе которых сегодня выделяются глобализационные процессы, которые стали причиной более тесных межъязыковых и межкультурных контактов, а также общественно-политические изменения, которые часто происходят быстро и резко. Такие изменения влияют и на языки, и на характеристики языковой личности.
ОТ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПЕРЕВОДА К СТРАТЕГИИ
Authors: Rarenko Maria
Published: December 2022

В обзоре рассматриваются разные способы преодоления языковых и культурных различий при переводе художественных произведений. Одной из самых сложных проблем перевода является передача языковой игры. Выбор стратегии перевода зависит от многих факторов, в том числе определяется парой языков, участвующих в переводе.
QUANTITATIVE METHODS IN RUSSIAN GEOPOLITICAL RESEARCHES
Authors: Fartyshev A.N.
Published: December 2022

The issue of the article is to acquaint researchers with new methods of studying geopolitics on a strict quantitative scientifically grounded basis. The relevance of this topic is confirmed by the general growth of interest in geopolitical topics in scientific publications, but for the most part these publications are characterized by speculative argumentation and a superficial vision of geographic space. The review article intends to systematize modern theoretical knowledge about geopolitics, to present domestic methodological developments in this area. In the 1990 s, there was a search for conceptual schemes for a quantitative or qualitative analysis of geopolitical relations and acquaintance with foreign trends in geopolitics and methods of argumentation. Since the 2000 s in the latest methodology of geopolitics, 4 generalized directions are distinguished: geopolitics in geographical interpretation, which considers geopolitical processes through the prism of objective spatial data, and uses the geographic scientific base and theories of domestic economic and theoretical geography in the argument, the second is the geo-economic branch, which is based on the achievements of economic science in the mathematization of scientific knowledge, the third is critical geopolitics, which implies a quantitative and qualitative analysis of political discourse, geopolitical images and ideas about the place of a country (region) in the world, the fourth is geopolitical mathematical modeling. In general, the identified areas are not opposed to each other, but have pronounced accents and their own pool of studies, recognized as «classical», included in the foundation of scientific constructions, and there is also an interpenetration and unification of methods for quantitative analysis of geopolitical studies. The article is addressed in order to consolidate knowledge about geopolitics, to interpenetrate the developed methods in this area and stimulate interdisciplinary approaches.
THE STATE IN THE POLITICAL SPACE AND THE SPATIALITY OF ALTERNATIVE POLITICAL FORMS
Authors: Pankevich Natalia
Published: December 2022

The article explores the issues of methodology for identifying spatial political forms, considering the centrality of the state as an actual dominant of the world political space, and as the master-category of political analysis. The scarcity of political theory in this direction has a protracted character, which determines the need to search for tools to identify the elemental composition of the political space and the fundamental possibilities of its structuring. Analysis discovers the methodological insufficiency of empirically oriented approaches to solve the problem of finding structural alternatives to the state, associated with reliance on analytical scaling. Within this technic the conclusions regarding the main directions in the transformation of the political space acquire a competing character, not being contradictory in themselves, but only reflecting different sides of reality. The conceptual obstacle to this strategy is the standard idea for modern political theory idea of political space that is a vertically ordered leveled structure. A research strategy based on theoretical modeling of the possibilities of structuring political space is proposed. An approach employs the analysis of the quality of spatial elements constituting the spatial form of politics. It is shown that the possibility of this strategy is deeply rooted in the traditions of the theory of state and law, however, has not been properly developed. Within the framework of the proposed agenda, the state is considered as a spatial form based on a special strategy of territorialization. The influence of the insular territoriality on the social and power spatial dimensions of the state is investigated; the spatial uniqueness of state political form is shown; and, based on the possibilities of acquiring other systemic qualities by constitutive elements and the quality of their assembly into a functional unity, alternative forms are proposed.
FRAGMENTATION OF POLITICAL SPACE AND DYNAMISM OF THE MODERN BORDER SYSTEM
Authors: Kolosov Vladimir , Zotova Maria
Published: December 2022

The forms, political and other factors of the dynamism of spatial boundaries are considered in the light of modern approaches in border studies. One of borders’ paradoxes lies in their inertia and at the same time high and increasing dynamism. It led to the creation of the concept of bordering, that is, the constant change in the functions and regime of borders, their significance for public opinion under the influence of political institutions, the practice of cross-border interactions and the international political and economic situation. The dynamism of the system of borders is determined by the increase in their number and length, reflecting the fragmentation of the world political space at all levels, the growing diversity of types of modern polities and the differences between them. In particular, the number of small states and, accordingly, the number of pairs of state borders are multiplied. The limited niche that small countries are forced to occupy in the international division of labor, as a rule, requires a specific regime (high openness) of borders and the delegation of part of sovereignty to other political actors. Large differences between polities, different ratios of kinds and the level of sovereignty results in the diversity and variability of the functional types of borders. Multilevel processes of integration and regionalization provoke an active redistribution of functions between state and other borders. Border issues are inseparable from the increasingly dynamic evolution of territorial identities, in particular, under the influence of international migration. Finally, the dynamism of borders is associated with their use as a tool for managing social and political processes. The configuration, functions and regime of borders, the asymmetry of cross-border flows are both a mirror and a factor of power of neighboring states and regions.
VARIETY OF POSSIBLE CENTERS OF FORCE IN THE NEW WORLD ORDER
Authors: Kuznetsov Aleksei
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the typology of potential centers of power of the new world order. It is shown that it is too early to write off classical political-geographical and geopolitical concepts into the archive - in particular, the population, the size of the territory (with its saturation with natural resources), the volume of GDP (including when calculating the purchasing power parities of currencies) still determine the weight of countries on the world stage. Despite the development of institutions of multilateral regulation of international relations and certain successes of some regional integration projects, the place of states in the transforming world order is largely determined by their veto power in the UN Security Council, the arsenal of nuclear weapons, proliferation in the world and the general status of their state language. We have identified a little more than two dozen possible centers of power, grouped into four types: (1) Superpowers of disappeared bipolar world (USA and Russia are the two developed countries with sufficient military and political tools and large-scale population, territory and national economies to demonstrate the obvious claim to the promotion of a new global cultural and ideological project); (2) Giants of the East (China and India in some respects are surpassing the United States and Russia, but yet related to economically developing countries and inferior to the first two, especially India, for foreign weight); (3) Major advanced countries (Japan, Germany, France, UK, Italy, Spain); (4) Rising regional powers (Indonesia, Brazil, Turkey and others). The composition of the types, especially the most numerous fourth, is quite controversial, which is shown in detail in the article. In particular, an explanation is given why states such as Canada, Australia, the Republic of Korea or Bangladesh cannot be considered as possible centers of power of the new world order, even conditionally “second echelon”.
THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL LAW IN THE UNIFICATION OF APPROACHES TO THE LEGAL REGULATION OF GENOMIC RESEARCH AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL IN RUSSIA AND ABROAD
Authors: Rednikova Tatiana
Published: December 2022

The results of genomic research are universal knowledge, the theoretical possibility of which does not depend on state borders and nationality of people. The risks associated with the conduct of genomic research and the application of their results, especially the possibility of a negative impact on human life and health, as well as the state of the environment, need to be assessed in detail and minimized, including by legal means. All over the world, public relations in the field of genomic research have both similar features and individual national characteristics. The role of legal regulation is to regulate them in such a way that would minimize the risks that arise and would not hinder further scientific and technological progress in the development of knowledge and technology. The article analyzes the existing norms of international law, as well as its impact on the development of national law in the field of regulation of genomic research in a number of foreign countries.
MULTILATERALISM IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS AND CHALLENGES OF GLOBAL GOVERNING
Authors: Zakharov Timofey
Published: December 2022

The review presents the debatable positions of scientists on the development of international relations and international law, the role and importance of international organizations in this process. The problems of international politics are touched upon. The review presents an attempt to apply constitutional theories in the law of international organizations. The current situation of the UN and WHO is considered.
In silico prediction of the inhibitory effect of phytochemical components extracted from Knautia sarajevensis on the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 virus
Authors: Corbo Tarik , Miralem Merima , Kalajdzic Abdurahim , Pojskic Naris
Published: December 2022

Essential role in replication and transcription of coronavirus makes the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 a great traget for drug design. The aim of this study was to predict structural interactions of compounds isolated from the Bosnian-Herzegovinian endemic plant Knautia sarajevensis (G. Beck) Szabó against the 3CLpro of SARS-CoV-2 virus. The three-dimensional crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 main protease was retrieved from the RCSB Protein Data Bank and the three-dimensional structures of isolated compounds were obtained from the PubChem database. Active site was predicted using PrankWeb, while the preparation of protease and compounds was performed using AutoDock Tools and OpenBabel. Molecular docking was carried out using AutoDock Vina. Structural interactions are visualised and analyzed using PyMOL, LigPlus and UCSF Chimera. Apigenin, kaempferol, myricetin and quercetin showed the highest binding affinity for SARS-CoV-2 main protease and formed significant hydrogen bonds with the given protein. Results obtained in this study are in accordance with previous studies and showed that these compounds could potentially have antiviral effects against SARS-CoV-2. These findings indicate that K. sarajevensis could be potentially utilized as an adjuvant in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019, but further pharmacological studies are required in order to prove the potential medicinal use of the plant.
Tingkat Kemampuan Smash Bola Voli Pada Atlet Voli Klub Bina Putri Medan
Authors: Purba Andi Nata
Published: December 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui tingkat kemampuan smash atlet Klub Voli Bina Putri dengan apa adanya tanpa perlakuan sebelumnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan populasi berjumlah 10 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling yang artinya jumlah sampel 10 orang..Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan smash yaitu instrument penyerangan smash Nurhasan. Dari tes yang dilakukan diperoleh hasil dari kemampuan smash atlet dengan rata-rata skor 6,6. Hasil rata-rata skor yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan smash atlet Klub Voli Bina Putri Medan termasuk dalam kategori kurang dengan nilai 2. Salah satu faktor penyebab rendahnya kemampuan smash atlet Klub Voli Bina Putri Medan yaitu lemahnya daya ledak otot tungkai para atlet. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa perlu untuk melakukan latihan-latihan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan daya ledak otot tungkai secara rutin dan berkesinambungan dalam upaya meningkatkan kemampuan daya ledak otot tungkai.
Dificultades y futuros del Desarrollo Territorial. Una reflexión desde el caso Andino en Ecuador
Authors:   Instituto de Altos Estudios  Nacionales –IAEN –Ecuador, Martínez Godoy Diego
Published: December 2022

Durante los últimos 20 años, el Desarrollo Territorial ha tomado peso en América Latina en un contexto de contestación al paradigma de desarrollo Neoliberal. En varios países de la región, como también en el caso ecuatoriano, existieron dificultades ligadas, por un lado, al excesivo centralismo vigente que condiciona y estructura el proceso de formulación de políticas públicas, y por otro, a los problemas de comprensión y discusiones en torno a concepto de Territorio. En base a una revisión de la literatura que muestra los principales estudios contemporáneos del Desarrollo Territorial en la región, y a algunos elementos recabados de investigaciones realizadas entre el 2015 y 2020, el artículo discute los principales factores explicativos del Desarrollo Territorial, al mismo tiempo que plantea los desafíos y escenarios futuros de este paradigma en el Ecuador.
A new catalog of orbits of 152 globular clusters from Gaia EDR3
Authors:   Central (Pulkovo) Astronomical Observatory, RAS, Bajkova A.T. , Bobylev V.V. ,   Central (Pulkovo) Astronomical Observatory, RAS
Published: December 2022

This paper provides a new catalog of orbits and their parameters for a practically complete list of currently known galactic globular clusters (GCs), compiled by Vasiliev (2019) based on the most accurate modern measurements of their velocities and positions. The integration of the orbits of 152 globular clusters for 5 Gyr was performed using the new average proper motions obtained from the Gaia EDR3 catalog (Vasiliev and Baumgardt, 2021) and new average distances (Baumgardt and Vasiliev, 2021) in the axisymmetric three-component potential with spherical bulge, disk component, and spherical dark Navarro-Frank-White halo (Bajkova and Bobylev, 2016). The new orbital parameters are compared with the orbital parameters constructed by us earlier (Bajkova and Bobylev, 2021) in the same gravitational potential using proper motions obtained from the Gaia DR2 catalog (Vasiliev, 2019) and with the distances from the Harris catalog (2010).
Width variation in the spiral arms of distant galaxies from HST COSMOS field
Authors:   Central (Pulkovo) Astronomical Observatory of RAS, Russia,   St.Petersburg State University, Russia, Marchuk A.A. , Reshetnikov V.P. ,   Central (Pulkovo) Astronomical Observatory of RAS, Russia,   St.Petersburg State University, Russia, Mosenkov A.V. ,   Central (Pulkovo) Astronomical Observatory of RAS, Russia,   Brigham Young University, USA, Chugunov I.V. ,   Central (Pulkovo) Astronomical Observatory of RAS, Russia,   St.Petersburg State University, Russia, Usachev P.A. ,   St.Petersburg State University, Russia
Published: December 2022

We measured the slope of width growth with radius for spiral arms in 184 galaxies from the HST COSMOS field. The galaxies are viewed in an orientation close to face-on, and observed out to redshift z ≈ 1. The spiral arms are measured using an approximation of slices perpendicular to the arm originally proposed in Savchenko et al. (2020). It is shown that the typical values of the a parameter, which defines the increase of the arm width with the galactocentric distance, are, on average, significantly smaller for distant galaxies from the COSMOS field than for local ones. The average value is ⟨a⟩ = 0.06. It is shown that for the most galaxies, the width still increases with distance, and the opposite trend is observed for 25% of the cases. In the range of redshifts from 1 to 0, we observe a slight tendency for the parameter a to decrease.
Мarker-assisted selection of ukrainian local chicken breeds. overview of research results
Authors: Sakhatskyi M. I. , Kulibaba R. O.
Published: December 2022

The article presents a complex system of using of different types of molecular genetic markers in marker-assisted selection of Ukrainian local chicken breeds of egg and combined productivity. The main stages of selection work with different chicken breeds of Ukrainian selection are given considering the results of genetic variability research and analysis of productivity parameters of chicken with different genotypes by a number of DNA-markers. According to the results of the research, prospective marker systems identified by the set of quantitative trait loci, allelic variants of which are associated with productivity indicators. The formulas of perspective genotypes according to the complex of quantitative trait loci for chickens of Birkivska Barvista line A, Poltava clay line 14 and Rhode Island Red line 38 are given. For chicken breeds of combined productivity, the formulas of the desired genotypes formed on the egg or meat direction.
Realization of heredity potential Holstein breed with the intensive technology
Authors: Pidpala T. V.
Published: December 2022

Evaluation of the effectiveness Holstein cows was performed according to the combined characteristics of productivity method and reproductive ability. It is established that the cows show a clear pattern that the increase in productivity is accompanied by a prolongation decrease in the coefficient of reproductive capacity. It is determined that the higher the level of productivity of cows is, the greater is its impact on the reproductive capacity of animals. In highly productive cows of Holstein breed of Ukrainian selection of the І generation, the lowest value of the coefficient of reproductive capacity (CRC = 079) was established.

In the selection work with dairy cattle of Holstein breed, we should take into account the possibility of improving productivity in animals with lower milk yield without deterioration of reproductive capacity, and for breeding high-yielding cows we should use those that show combined traits which belong to group "1-1".
Selection justification of the technology of intensive production of rabbit meat
Authors: Luchyn I. S.
Published: December 2022

The article presents the results of research on the productivity of rabbits of different genotypes (growth and development, slaughter and meat indicators, fur productivity); a comprehensive evaluation of the productivity of rabbits in the process of industrial hybridization was carried out. The following research methods were used in the work: zootechnical (productivity, growth and development, reproductive capacity), genetic, biometric (determination of average values and their errors, probabilities of research results).

The study was carried out in the FG "Elit" of the Kolomyia district; PE "Western Ukrainian Gardens" of Halytsky District; PP Havrylyuk O. Ya. Bogorodchansky district. The method of pairs of analogues was used in the studies. Their selection took into account genotype, sex, age, live weight, origin, physiological state, lactation period, fertility, productivity (reproduction of female rabbits, fattening and slaughter indicators, etc.). Analogous animals in different groups had maximum similarity, and some differences were allowed within the group.

The productivity of female rabbits and young rabbits was evaluated according to the index of reproductive qualities of the female rabbit (Luchin, 2004) and the index of comprehensive assessment (PKO) (Luchin, 2005). The received materials of scientific research were processed by the methods of variational statistics according to V.P. Kovalenko et al. (2010).

It was established that different variants of crossing the maternal and paternal forms of the three-breed genotype of rabbits 4/8 white giant 3/8 local chinchilla 1/8 Flanders had different effects on the reproductive indicators of female rabbits and subsequent fattening indicators of young rabbits, in particular, average daily growth and waist width.

A successful combination of maternal and paternal forms of rabbits (group 2) was revealed, which in the process of industrial hybridization ensured an increase in multifertility by 8.1 head or 2.5 % (р<0.05), high fertility by 64g or 6.25 % (р<0.05), milk yield by 2.8 kg or 7.2 % (p<0.05), nest weight at 35 days old by 13.4 % (p<0.01). The hybrid young obtained from female rabbits of group 2 (IVYAK + 5 %) was characterized by a higher body weight by 43.8 g or 10.3 % (p<0.001) and waist width by 6.15 cm or 12.2 % (p< 0.001) to 3 control groups.

The positive result was achieved due to the effective combination of the initial forms, which in turn ensured high productivity of the stock (heterosis) of the final hybrid and its resistance to climatic and technological conditions of keeping.
INFLUENCE OF GENETIC FACTORS ON INDICATORS LIFETIME PRODUCTIVITY OF DAIRY CATTLE
Authors: Khmelnychyi L. M.
Published: December 2022

Researches results of cows of the Ukrainian Red-and-White lifetime productivity dairy breed on traits of duration of economic use within the limits of an estimation of crossbred genotypes and genealogical formations are resulted. Reliable influence of the conditional share of Holstein breed heredity on the economic use duration and lifetime milk productivity of cows has been established. For the longest time in the herd, crossbred cows with Holstein bloodline of 25.0 % and crossbreeds with heredity of the parent breed up to 50.0 % were used. At the final stage of crossing in animals with blood ratio of 62.5-87.5 %, a noticeable reduction in the duration of economic use was observed. Animals with Holstein bloodlines of 75.0 and 87.5% were inferior to groups of crossbred cows with heredity of 25.0 and 50.0% with reliable difference of 590 and 633 (P<0.001), 432 and 475 (P<0.001) days, respectively.
At the same time, from cows with a share of Holstein blood of 87.5 %, the highest lifetime milk yield was obtained with an excess of cows groups of other genotypes by 1250-3260 kg of milk with reliable difference compared to crossbred genotypes with bloodness - 25.0 % (P<0.001), 37.5 (P<0.001), 50.0 (P<0.01) and 62.5 % (P<0.05). The hereditary influence of lines on the indicators of lifetime productivity in intralinear selection and in some variants of interlinear combinations was proved. The influence of genealogical formations on longevity indicators in in-line selection was evidenced by reliable difference between the extreme variants of the assessed lines on the basis of economic use (651 days; P <0.001) and liftime milk yield (14267 kg; P <0.001). According to the results of interline selection in different variants of paternal and maternal lines combinations, significant variability of the offspring obtained from these variants was established, according to the estimated traits of duration of use and lifetume milk production. Cows obtained in all variants of interlinear selection of parental lines Enhancer, Hannover and Valiant with sires of maternal line S. Cavalier have always had high indicators of duration of economic use and lifetime milk productivity.
Analysis of Financial Feasibility of Tourism Transport and Shuttle Transport Business
Authors:   Universitas Pendidikan Nasional, Tapa I Gede Fery Surya , Kumara I Nyoman Indra ,   Universitas Pendidikan Nasional, Susila I Nengah Darma ,   Politeknik Negeri Bali, Sutapa I Ketut ,   Politeknik Negeri Bali
Published: December 2022

Before the Covid-19 pandemic, an increase in the number of foreign and domestic tourists. With the increase in the number of tourists, the number of tourist travel efforts to increase the mode of transportation, with the aim of travel and shuttle visits increases every year. The objectives of the study are to analyze most of the BOK of tourist and shuttle transportation, to analyze the revenue of financial transportation and shuttle transportation, and to analyze the feasibility of tourist and shuttle transportation. The data needed for this study are primary data obtained from questionnaire surveys and interviews, and secondary data obtained through related institutions. The total operational cost of the tourist transportation vehicle is Rp. 5,937,007,065 12 vehicles / year, shuttle transportation of Rp. 5,975,220,122 17 vehicles / year. The total tourism transportation revenue is Rp. 7,158,878,400 12 vehicles / year, and shuttle transportation of Rp. 8,978,130,221 17 vehicles / year. The financial feasibility of tourist transportation with an NPV value of Rp. 100,640,493,054> 0 (feasible), BCR value 1.95> 1 (feasible), IRR value 42.478%> 15% MARR (feasible), and PBP time of 7 years and 1 month. Shuttle transportation NPV value of Rp. 734,194,558> 0 (feasible), BCR value 1.02> 1 (feasible), IRR value 19.649%> 15% MARR (feasible), and PBP time of 6 years 4 months. Sensitivity analysis of tourist transportation costs increased by 34%, income decreased by 34% and shuttle costs increased by 1.5%, income decreased by 1.5%. Losses during 2020-2021, for tourist transportation amounted to -Rp. 10,782,606,379 12 vehicles / 2 years, shuttle transportation of -Rp. 16,866,802,314 17 vehicles / 2years
Thermal Comfort Study of Outdoor Space for Face-to-Face Learning System
Authors:   Universitas DIponegoro, Maharani Maria Rosita , Prianto Eddy ,   Universitas Diponegoro
Published: December 2022

The transmission covid-19 virus is through droplets are splashed by people who have the virus. Therefore, activities that make crowding especially in closed rooms with poor air circulation are very avoided, because the rate of transmission in the inner room with poor air circulation has a higher presentation compared to transmission in the outside room. With new protocol to use maximum room capacity limit of 50%, using outdoor space can be good alternative solution to increase space for face to face learning system. But there is needed a study of thermal comfort for outdoor space. The object taken as a sample in this study was sitting area of the Undip Architect campus. This paper present measurements of dry temperature, humidity, and air movement with quntitative method. From the examine of effective temperture show that the object research have cozy thermal comfort according by Mom dan Wiesebron standards. This examamination of effective temperature can also be exam for other outdoor environments.
Regenerative potential of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of focal osteochondral defects of the knee joint after microfracturing in the experiment
Authors:   Stavropol State Medical University, AIRAPETOV G. A. , VOROTNIKOV A. A. ,   Stavropol State Medical University, VASYUKOV V. A. ,   Stavropol State Medical University, CHEKRYGIN S. YU. ,   Stavropol State Medical University
Published: December 2022

The study objective was to evaluate the effect of microfracturing in combination with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the regeneration of focal osteochondral defects of the knee joint and to assess the prospects for introducing this method into practice. Material and methods. The experimental study was conducted on 27 animals (sheep of the Romanov breed, aged from 5 months to 1 year). All animals were conditionally divided into 3 experimental groups; a full-thickness focal osteochondral defect was modeled on the medial condyle of the knee joint of both hind limbs, the left one was considered experimental, the right one was control. In experimental group 1, microfracturing was performed, in group 2 — microfracturing with the introduction of PRP immediately after wound closure, in group 3 — microfracturing and PRP administration 3 weeks after the operation. The results are presented after 1, 3 and 6 months. Results. A comparative analysis carried out during macroscopic, microscopic and morphometric studies showed that the best results were found in the 3rd experimental group. Conclusions. The data obtained indicate that the proposed method of treatment is an active stimulator of regenerative processes in cartilage and bone tissue, which may be promising for implementation in the treatment process.
Application of external fixation devices for periarticular fractures of the proximal humerus based on the biomechanical concept of fragments fixation
Authors:   Dagestan State Medical University, KALLAEV N. O. , ATAEV A. R. ,   Dagestan State Medical University
Published: December 2022

We performed clinical and experimental studies of the stiffness of bone fragments connection in fractures of the large tubercle of the humerus and the surgical neck of the humerus on bio manikins. The clinic also took into account the magnitudes of the moments of resistance forces of the shoulder rotator cuff muscles and the beak-clavicle muscle when using the rod apparatus of external fixation, for fractures of the surgical neck of the humerus and the external fixation apparatus with a dynamic device compression, for fractures of the large tubercle of the humerus. We studied the treatment outcomes of 67 patients with extra-articular fractures of the proximal segment of the humerus 3 and 10 years after the injury. In 96.9% of patients, positive anatomical and functional results were obtained.
Estimating the efficiency of platelet-rich autoplasma in treating osteoarthritis in patients with hyperuricemia
Authors:   Rostov State Medical University, GORBATENKO A. I. , KOSTYANAYA N. O. ,   Southern Federal University, GORBATENKO I. A. ,   Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov
Published: December 2022

Conservative treatment of osteoarthritis includes drugs that cause side effects in the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, and hepatobiliary system. Hence the steadily growing interest in the use of platelet-rich autoplasma as an effective and safe treatment, and it is still an urgent task to estimate its effectiveness in osteoarthritis aggravated by hyperuricemia or gout. The purpose was to estimate the effectiveness of platelet-rich autoplasma in the complex therapy of knee joints osteoarthritis of 2–4 degree (Kellgren — Lawrence, 1987), with concomitant hyperuricemia or gout. The study involved 32 patients (20 women, 12 men, mean age 67 ± 7.8 years, body mass index 32.7 ± 4.8, disease duration 10.3 ± 3.7 months) with knee osteoarthritis and hyperuricemia or gout. All patients of the main group received intra-articular injections of platelet-rich autoplasma during remission. The results were assessed after 1 day, 1 week, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the injection using the VAS, Lequesne, and Satisfaction Scales, as well as MRI of the joints after 3 and 6 months after the injection. When compared with traditional medical treatment, the use of PRP did not show a clear benefit, however, this procedure can be recommended as a maintenance procedure to improve the condition of the synovium in patients who have contraindications to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and glucocorticosteroids. When comparing the results separately in the group of male and female patients, there was a statistically significant improvement in the group of women compared to men.