bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the dose-response linearity of guar gum for gamma-ray dosimetry at radiation processing levels using Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Malekie Shahryar , Veiskarami Amir
Published: February 2024

In this experimental work, guar gum powder was exposed to gamma radiation from a 60Co source at absorbed doses of 0, 10, 30, 50, 80, 100, 150 kGy at dose rate of 1.62 Gy/s. Raman spectroscopy was applied to measure the intensity of the samples ranging from of 500–4600 cm−1. The intensity versus Raman shift was evaluated at 3800–4000 cm−1. Then the curve was fitted linearly. The slope of the lines was determined in each absorbed dose. Results indicated that the absolute values of the slope of each line were enhanced with increasing the absorbed dose. This trend was linear within the absorbed dose ranging from of 0–50 kGy, in which was saturated after 80 kGy. Results showed that guar gum can be applied as a passive dosimeter at radiation processing level.
Enhancement of hardness and wear strength of pure Cu and Cu–TiO2 composites via a friction stir process while maintaining electrical resistivity
Authors: Alnaser Ibrahim A. , Yunus Mohammed
Published: February 2024

The study aims to enhance the hardness and wear of copper and Cu–TiO2-based composites while maintaining high electrical conductivity through friction stir processing (FSP). It assesses the impact of TiO2 volume fractions and groove widths (GWs) on the wear, hardness, resistivity, and microstructure of FSPed Cu and FSPed Cu–TiO2 surface composite. The samples obtained from the stir zone showed an increase in microhardness of the Cu–TiO2 surface composite due to particle refinement, uniform distribution, and efficient sticking of TiO2 with Cu. Furthermore, the wear rate increased with decreasing TiO2 volume fractions in the composite. The worn surface microstructural analysis indicated a transition from harsh to gentle wear with increasing TiO2 volume fractions and GWs. The average grain size reduced significantly in reinforced stir zones compared to pure Cu, and particle size decreased further with increasing groove size. Hardness increased by 25 and 50% compared to unprocessed Cu, but only a negligible increase in electrical resistivity (2.3% Ωm) after FSP.
Iron Deposition and Distribution Across the Hippocampus Is Associated with Pattern Separation and Pattern Completion in Older Adults at Risk for Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Zhou Jing , Wearn Alfie , Huck Julia , Hughes Colleen , Baracchini Giulia , Tremblay-Mercier Jennifer , Poirier Judes , Villeneuve Sylvia , Tardif Christine Lucas , Chakravarty M. Mallar , Daugherty Ana M. , Gauthier Claudine J. , Turner Gary R. , Spreng R. Nathan ,   PREVENT-AD Research Group
Published: February 2024

Elevated iron deposition in the brain has been observed in older adult humans and persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and has been associated with lower cognitive performance. We investigated the impact of iron deposition, and its topographical distribution across hippocampal subfields and segments (anterior, posterior) measured along its longitudinal axis, on episodic memory in a sample of cognitively unimpaired older adults at elevated familial risk for AD (N = 172, 120 females, 52 males; mean age = 68.8 ± 5.4 years). MRI-based quantitative susceptibility maps were acquired to derive estimates of hippocampal iron deposition. The Mnemonic Similarity Task was used to measure pattern separation and pattern completion, two hippocampally mediated episodic memory processes. Greater hippocampal iron load was associated with lower pattern separation and higher pattern completion scores, both indicators of poorer episodic memory. Examination of iron levels within hippocampal subfields across its long axis revealed topographic specificity. Among the subfields and segments investigated here, iron deposition in the posterior hippocampal CA1 was the most robustly and negatively associated with the fidelity memory representations. This association remained after controlling for hippocampal volume and was observed in the context of normal performance on standard neuropsychological memory measures. These findings reveal that the impact of iron load on episodic memory performance is not uniform across the hippocampus. Both iron deposition levels as well as its spatial distribution, must be taken into account when examining the relationship between hippocampal iron and episodic memory in older adults at elevated risk for AD.
Implementasi HE, AHE, dan CLAHE Pada Metode Convolutional Neural Network untuk Identifikasi Citra X-Ray Paru-Paru Normal atau Terinfeksi Covid19
Authors: Hilmi Nizar , Saputra Wahyu Andi
Published: February 2024

Pada tanggal 7 Juni 2022 secara global terdapat 232 negara dengan total kasus infeksi Covid 19 mencapai 529.410.287 kasus serta 6.296.771 kasus kematian. Diagnosis secara cepat dan tepat diperlukan untuk menangani permasalahan tersebut, sehingga dapat menekan penyebaran virus yang semakin meluas dan tidak terkendali. Saat ini, diagnosis berbasis komputer dapat digunakan oleh tenaga medis dalam mendiagnosis pneumonia pada Covid 19. Diagnosis berbasis komputer dapat menggunakan teknologi klasifikasi dalam deep learning dengan memanfaatkan data citra x-ray. Salah satu metode dalam deep learning yang dapat menangani persoalan klasifikasi dan segmentasi melalui data citra yaitu Convolutional Neural Network (CNN).  Penelitian ini melakukan pengujian perbandingan performa HE, AHE, dan CLAHE terhadap akurasi CNN yang diperoleh. Hasilnya akan digunakan sebagai model untuk mendiagnosis citra x-ray apakah citra termasuk kategori Covid 19 atau normal menggunakan metode transfer learning.  Berdasarkan pengujian yang telah dilakukan performa model terbaik diperoleh model CLAHE 50 epochs dengan accuracy, precision, recall, f1-score, dan AUC 96.4 %. Sedangkan pengujian kemampuan model dalam mendiagnosis 40 citra baru diperoleh akurasi 100% untuk kelas Covid 19 dan 70% pada kelas normal dengan akurasi rata-rata 85%.
Perancangan User Experience Sistem PKL Berbasis Website Menerapkan Context Awareness dan Metode Design Thinking di SMKN 2 Malang
Authors: Rokhmawati Retno Indah , Widiyanto Andre , Rachmadi Aditya
Published: February 2024

SMKN 2 Malang adalah salah satu sekolah menengah kejuruan di Kota Malang yang memiliki program PKL untuk melatih keterampilan siswa dalam bekerja. Pelaksanaan PKL di SMKN 2 Malang masih dilakukan secara manual menggunakan aplikasi spreadsheet yang mengakibatkan panjangnya proses pengelolaan data pendaftaran PKL, pengambilan keputusan penempatan, hingga proses monitoring. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan perancangan pengalaman pengguna untuk menggali aspek people, activity, dan context permasalahan ini untuk menghasilkan desain yang memenuhi kebutuhan fungsional maupun non-fungsional dan mempermudah pelaksanaan kegiatan PKL. Perancangan ini menggunakan pendekatan Design Thinking, sedangkan untuk pengujian rancangan menggunakan Usability Testing dan Single Ease Question (SEQ). Pada penelitian ini dimasukan context awareness yang berisikan informasi pengguna berupa waktu, lokasi, aktivitas, dan identitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan observasi serta wawancara, menganalisis data, dan hasil analisis data. Penelitian ini melibatkan 4 kelompok pengguna guru pembimbing PKL, siswa, admin, dan DU/DI.  Pengujian dilakukan untuk mengukur efektivitas, efisiensi, dan kemudahan dari rancangan. Pengujian efektivitas mendapatkan nilai 94,44% dan dinyatakan sukses sudah melebihi 78% sebagai standar kelulusan pengujian efektivitas. Pengujian efisiensi mendapatkan nilai rata-rata 0,178 dalam penyelesaian setiap task. Pengujian kepuasan mendapatkan nilai 6,67 dan nilai tersebut sudah melebih 5,5 sebagai standar kelulusan pengujian kepuasan.
Penerapan Stacking Ensemble Learning untuk Klasifikasi Efek Kesehatan Akibat Pencemaran Udara
Authors: Sunarko Budi , Hasanah Uswatun , Hidayat Syahroni , Muhammad Naufal , Ardiansyah Muhammad Irfan , Ananda Briska Putra , Hakiki Muhammad Khikam , Baroroh Luluk Taufiqul
Published: February 2024

Pencemaran udara merupakan masalah serius yang berdampak negatif pada kesehatan manusia. Berbagai jenis polutan udara seperti partikel halus, sulfur dioksida, nitrogen oksida, dan ozon dapat menyebabkan gangguan pernapasan, penyakit jantung, kanker paru-paru, dan masalah kesehatan lainnya. Untuk memahami dampak kesehatan pencemaran udara, klasifikasi efek kesehatan akibat pencemaran udara menjadi penting. Metode klasifikasi ini membagi efek kesehatan berdasarkan jenis polutan, dosis, dan waktu paparan.  Penelitian ini mengusulkan penerapan metode klasifikasi dengan ensemble learning untuk mengidentifikasi polutan berdampak dan tingkat risiko kesehatannya. Ensemble learning adalah teknik pembelajaran mesin yang menggabungkan beberapa model untuk meningkatkan akurasi prediksi. Stacking ensemble learning merupakan salah satu metode yang digunakan dalam klasifikasi efek kesehatan pencemaran udara dengan mengintegrasikan beberapa model dasar seperti Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, K-Nearest Neighbor, Support Vector Machine, dan Multi-Layer Perceptron. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model Stacking memberikan performa tertinggi dengan akurasi sekitar 99,9% pada dataset baik yang seimbang maupun tidak seimbang. Namun, model Decision Tree dan K-Nearest Neighbor juga berhasil memberikan performa yang sangat baik. Waktu pelatihan model menjadi pertimbangan penting, di mana K-Nearest Neighbor dan Decision Tree memiliki waktu yang jauh lebih singkat dibandingkan dengan model Stacking.
Criminal violence science as a science: prospects for development
Authors: Petechel O.Yu.
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the study of a particularly relevant problem - violence. Today, under the conditions of Russian aggression against Ukraine, violence in its various forms is becoming more and more common and takes on dangerous manifestations. The author analyzes the concept of violence and substantiates the need for the emergence and development of a new science – criminal violenceology. Criminal violence is the science of violence, its signs and types, violent behavior, violent aggressive crime, their patterns, determinants, measures to prevent and counter violence. The author examines the object and subject of science, identifies tasks. The tasks include minimizing the impact of criminal violence itself, formulating the concept of violence, identifying and analyzing signs of violence, obtaining objective data on the level, dynamics and structure of violence, developing and studying a comprehensive system of types of violence, researching and studying new types of violence, analyzing internal and external determinants of violence, to research and develop effective measures to prevent and counter both violence in general and in its individual types, to develop legislative changes to ensure effective prevention and countermeasures against violence. The article describes the system of criminal violenceology and its functions. The classic division into two parts can be applied to the system of criminal violenceology: general and special. The author refers to the functions of criminal violenceology as cognitive, prognostic, regulatory, and explanatory. Based on the results of the research, the author concludes about the independence of criminal violence science as a science and the need for its active development in order to effectively prevent and counter violence. Accordingly, criminal violence is the science of violence, its signs and types, violent behavior, violent aggressive crime, their regularities, determinants, measures to prevent and counter violence.
Evolution of the Paper Structure Along the Length of a Twin-wire Former
Authors:   Department of Natural Sciences, Engineering and Mathematics, Mid Sweden University, Lindström Stefan B. , Uesaka Tetsu ,   Department of Natural Sciences, Engineering and Mathematics, Mid Sweden University, Hirn Ulrich ,   Institute of Paper, Pulp and Fibre Technology, Graz University of Technology
Published: February 2024

A particle-level numerical model is used to simulate forming with a twin-wire former conﬁguration. The development of the paper structure along the length of the former is observed to explain the effects of the dewatering elements on the paper structure at different jet-to-wire speed ratios, consistencies, and target basis weights. The simulations indicate that most of the structure development takes place in the initial part of forming (forming roll) and, in some instances, at the drop to atmospheric pressure after the forming roll. Dramatic effects on the through-thickness ﬁbre orientation anisotropy are observed when the consistency is varied by changing the jet thickness, while changes in basis weight had less impact. The through-thickness concentration gradient was almost uniform throughout the forming process, except in the lower range of typical papermaking consistencies. This indicates that the dewatering mechanism is normally thickening, rather than ﬁltration.
Single Fibre Flexibility Measurement in a Flow Cell Based Device
Authors:   Institut for Paper, Pulp and Fibre Technology, Graz University of Technology, Eckhart Rene , Donoser Michael ,   Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Bauer Wolfgang ,   Institut for Paper, Pulp and Fibre Technology, Graz University of Technology
Published: February 2024

Single ﬁbre ﬂexibility is widely recognised as an important parameter in the papermaking process. A novel ﬂow cell based method for its measurement was developed at the Institute for Paper, Pulp and Fibre Technology at Graz University of Technology. A special ﬂow channel geometry is used to induce high shear forces in a laminar ﬂow regime. The movement of single ﬁbres passing the highly sheared region is recorded by means of a high speed image acquisition system. Based on the reactions of the ﬁbres to the ﬂuid forces a ﬂexibility parameter is determined for each evaluated ﬁbre.
A Laboratory Investigation on the Origin of Machine Direction Microstriations
Authors:   Innventia AB – Box 5604 – SE-11486 Stockholm (Sweden), Lucisano Marco F.C. , Vomhoff Hannes ,   Innventia AB – Box 5604 – SE-11486 Stockholm (Sweden)
Published: February 2024

This paper is based on a laboratory-scale experimental study of machine direction microstriations (MDM) on board surfaces. We developed a pressing and drying simulator in which we can replicate some of the phenomena which are believed to be the origin of MDM: density stratiﬁcation in wet pressing as well as in-plane restraining conditions during drying. Our laboratory experiments showed that we could generate surface features, visually similar to those classiﬁed as MDM in industrial paper production. In particular we could replicate the elongated appearance, the characteristic wavelength interval (1–4 mm) and the occurrence on one surface only. The most important parameter in respect to the absolute amount of surface roughness was the in-plane restraining conditions during drying. Biaxial restraining resulted in much lower surface roughness and prevented the occurrence of MDM. MDM started to appear as soon as uniaxial shrinkage was permitted. Interestingly, however, shrinkage perpendicular to the main direction of ﬁbre orientation in an oriented paper sheet caused a less pronounced occurrence of MDM in spite of a larger absolute value of shrinkage. The surface presented topography features parallel to the restraining direction. The press felt surface, in our investigation the coarseness of the batt ﬁbres, inﬂuenced the surface roughness of paper, however at a characteristic length that was much smaller than that of MDM.
Wet Web Rheology on A Paper Machine
Authors:   KCL Science and Consulting, P.O. Box 70, FI-02151 Espoo, Finland, Tanaka Atsushi , Asikainen Jaakko ,   KCL Science and Consulting, P.O. Box 70, FI-02151 Espoo, Finland, Ketoja Jukka A. ,   KCL Science and Consulting, P.O. Box 70, FI-02151 Espoo, Finland
Published: February 2024

The runnability of a wet web is the sum of many factors, ranging from furnish variables to papermaking running parameters (speed, draws, distance from wet pressing etc). The relative importance of these factors was studied using several different experimental methods. The dynamic stress-strain relationship was determined in situ by measuring it on a wet web winder installed on a pilot paper machine. It was then compared with values obtained by testing the wet rolls on a separate running device. The comparison suggests that tensile strength is a more fundamental characteristic of the stress-strain curve than the dynamic stiffness affected by creep. Tensile strength is dominated by moisture content in a transition region where free water enters the ﬁber network. Its sensitivity to moisture content weakens as the paper becomes very wet. The location of the transition region depends on the ﬁber saturation point. This leads to complex changes in ranking when different pulps are compared at different moisture contents. The ﬁnes content of the furnish has a signiﬁcant impact on wet web strength, whereas the ﬁber stiffness affects the measured dynamic stiffness but not tensile strength.
Idiopathic subglottic-tracheal stenosis about a case
Authors: Cepeda Uceta Massiel María , Zerpa Vanessa , Martinez Rafael Moya , Juan Iván Doménech
Published: February 2024

Idiopathic subglottic stenosis is a rare disease that occurs almost exclusively in women between 20 and 60 years of age and whose cause is unknown. It is a narrowing of the laryngeal lumen at the level of the cricoid cartilage in the upper airway. Idiopathic subglottic stenosis is a rare entity of unknown etiology, the incidence of which has not been established to date. The clinical case of a 75-year-old woman with progressive inspiratory dyspnea is presented. After nasofibrolaryngoscopy, a decrease in the subglottic-tracheal lumen is observed, an entity that has been highlighted for its low frequency in the otorhinolaryngology and head and neck areas.
Assessment of the energy saving potential by regions of Ukraine (methodology and predictive assessment)
Authors:   General Energy Institute of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 172, Antonovycha St., 03150, Kyiv, Ukraine, Maistrenko Natalia , Horskyi Vitalii ,   General Energy Institute of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 172, Antonovycha St., 03150, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the research is the develop methods and tools for long-term forecasting of electricity consumption based on the improved comprehensive method of demand for energy resources, taking into account the peculiarities of electricity use in the regions of Ukraine and their impact on the country's electricity consumption. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is the consideration of the technological potential of regional electricity conservation by means of electricity conservation measures typical for the regions. Thus, a complex method, a mathematical model, and a methodology for determining the forecast demand for electricity for three hierarchical levels of the economy were further developed. In these levels, the following groups of indicators are distinguished for forecasting electricity consumption: country, region, local level, or types of economic activity in the region. The formed three-level model (level I, level II, level III) takes into account both the general potential of electricity conservation (from structural and technological changes) in the country as a whole, and peculiarities at the regional level (region, city, village, settlement, territorial community) in certain (selected) types of economic activity in production (service provision). In the course of the work, material was collected on energy-saving measures in energy-intensive industries and forecasts of the development of certain types of production and service provision. These estimates determined the technological potential of energy saving in the regions. The 12 regions with the largest electricity consumption are highlighted, and the other regions are combined. In the region, the potential of electricity saving was distributed according to the structure of electricity consumption according to the types of economic activity inherent in this region. The technological potential of electricity conservation in the country will reach 10.35 billion kWh. Keywords: region, electricity-saving, electricity-saving potential, forecasting, energy efficiency, electricity.
Taking into account limitations on greenhouse gas emissions in the fuel consumption forecasting model at the national level
Authors:   General Energy Institute of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 172, Antonovycha St., Kyiv, 03150, Ukraine, Maliarenko Olena , Ivanenko Nataliia ,   General Energy Institute of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 172, Antonovycha St., Kyiv, 03150, Ukraine
Published: February 2024

Energy demand forecasting models have been developed at the General Energy Institute of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine for decades. An improved normative method is known, which takes into account, the technological and structural potential of energy saving; a new complex method of forecasting the demand for energy resources, which was developed by Kulyk M.M. and improved by taking into account the fuel for conversion; life cycle models that have been extensively improved at the Institute over the past decade for various areas (nuclear energy, coal industry, oil and gas industry); the balance method developed for coal demand forecasting. These models were used in the development of Energy Strategies in Ukraine with the participation of the General Energy Institute. The actual problem is taking into account environmental restrictions in these models, which Ukraine undertook as a signatory of the Paris Agreement. Ukraine`s updated 2021 National Determined Contribution to the Paris Agreement of (NDC2), which was developed to implement environmental commitments, limits the forecast levels of greenhouse gas emissions in 2030 up to 35 % of greenhouse gas emissions in 1990. It is assumed that the same limitation can be applied to fuel consumption. The purpose of the article is to develop a mathematical model for forecasting fuel demand by taking into account the limit of greenhouse gas emissions in 2030, which allows to choose such forecast scenarios of fuel demand that, according to the total forecast volumes of greenhouse gas emissions from its consumption, meet the accepted restrictions. The article discusses the consumption of coal and oil products. Estimated volumes of coal and petroleum products consumption in case of structural and/or technological changes are calculated. An assessment of technological measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in various sectors of the Ukrainian economy is presented. Keywords: fuel, forecast, GDP, greenhouse gases, emissions limitation.
Floral visitors of three species of Corallorhiza in Monte Tláloc, Texcoco, Estado De México, Mexico
Authors: Téllez-Baños Bruno E. , Gomez-Escamilla Ivonne N. , Navarrete-Jiménez Alejandro , Espejo-Serna Adolfo , López-Ferrari Ana R.
Published: February 2024

Corallorhiza is a genus of mycoheterotrophic orchids that includes 12 species, most of them restricted to North and Central America. In Mexico, there are seven taxa, distributed throughout the country, except for seven of the 32 Mexican states; in Estado de México all of them are present. The Orchidaceae is known for its diversity of pollination syndromes; however, for the more than 200 species of mycoheterotrophic orchids, little has been studied about their floral visitors and pollinators, and for the Mexican species of Corallorhiza nothing is known to date. Our goal was to document photographically and identify all the floral visitors of three sympatric species of the genus in Monte Tláloc, municipality of Texcoco, Estado de México. We observed individuals of Araneae, Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, and Hymenoptera visiting flowers of Corallorhiza macrantha, C. macrantha × C. maculata, C. maculata, and C. striata. Only Ocyptamus coeruleus and Platycheirus sp. (Diptera: Syrphidae) were found carrying pollinaria on their thorax. These are the first records of potential pollinators for the genus Corallorhiza in Mexico.
new endemic species of Polystachya (Polystachyinae) from eastern Tanzania
Authors: Cribb Phillip J. , Hemp Andreas
Published: February 2024

Polystachya nguruensis, a new endemic species from the isolated Nguru Mountains of eastern Tanzania, is described here, and its affinities and conservation status are discussed. Polystachya nguruensis differs from P. lukwangulensis in having much longer, more obviously several-noded pseudobulbs, shorter, narrowly oblong-elliptic, coriaceous leaves, and a longer, more densely many-flowered, branching inflorescence with smaller flowers and ecallose lip with a narrowly oblong a midlobe with a broadly obovate to subcircular, apiculate, lip midlobe. Unlike most allied species, it is a lithophyte, growing on sloping slabs of crystalline rock, a highly vulnerable habitat that has already been partly destroyed by fire. Consequently, it is assessed to be Critically Endangered and in need of immediate conservation attention.
Dendrobium derryi (Epidendroideae: Malaxideae): an addition to the flora of India
Authors: Gogoi Khyanjeet
Published: February 2024

Dendrobium derryi has been added to the orchid flora of India from Karbi Anglong district of Assam. This article provides an updated description of the species, accompanied by detailed photos and line drawings based on material collected within the country.
https://hdl.handle.net/10171/69153
Authors:   , Unamuno Xabier
Published: February 2024

Adipose tissue (AT) is considered a plastic and dynamic endocrine organ with obesity driving changes in its biomechanical properties as well as in its extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling, inflammation and mechanotransduction profiles, leading to the impairment of whole-body homeostasis. To achieve important and sustained weight loss as well as for the resolution of obesity-associated diseases, bariatric surgery (BS) is considered the most effective option in adequately selected patients. Despite great efforts to understand the processes involved in both, the development of dysfunctional AT and the favourable outcomes of BS, the underlying biological mechanisms have not been fully disentangled. Therefore, the objective of the present PhD thesis is to evaluate changes in AT plasticity together with their associations with the inflammation profile as well as ECM remodelling and mechanotransduction properties in an animal model of diet-induced obesity (DIO) and in patients with obesity. At the same time, we aimed to analyse the effect of BS on these biological processes, beyond the mere weight loss. We found that changes in the biomechanical properties of AT in obesity, including decreased Young’ modulus (E), ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and strain at UTS, were associated with the deterioration of body homeostasis. In this line, obesity induced changes in the inflammation, fibrosis and ECM remodelling profiles not only in AT but also in the liver being also related to the development of obesity comorbidities. Our findings also provide new insights into AT adaptation after BS beyond caloric restriction, being demonstrated by significant changes in the mechanotransduction and inflammatory profiles together with the decrease in the crosslinking and synthesis of collagens as well as an increase in its degradation. Our data also supports the notion that the higher blood vessel density found in AT after BS is involved in the increased E, UTS and strain at UTS values, providing at the same time higher stiffness and increased strain capacity. Furthermore, the inhibition of NLRP3, a key component of the inflammasome involved in the regulation of inflammation, in visceral adipocytes significantly blocked inflammation and fibrosis suggesting its potential to regulate the development of obesity-associated comorbidities. In terms of fibrosis-inducing factors, we also showed a novel role of dermatopontin in the pathological AT ECM remodelling during obesity. Finally, we proposed that the measurement of the Adiponectin/Leptin ratio after BS might constitute a significant factor for evaluating the remission of type 2 diabetes after bariatric procedures.
The use of foam glass to protect the degrading permafrost soils
Authors: Nikiforova N. S. , Konnov A. V.
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the use of foam glass to prevent the degradation of permafrost soils due to climate warming. In the Frost 3D software, for the conditions of Norilsk, a foam glass device for thermal insulation of a base composed of clayey soils, as well as transformed with the help of crushed stone or foam glass columns, was modeled without taking into account the thermal influence of the building. In addition, the insulation of the soils of the base transformed by columns in the ventilated underground of a new (in Yakutsk) and existing (in Norilsk) buildings designed according to the I principle of construction on permafrost soils was investigated. The forecast of the temperature distribution in the ground frozen base without taking into account the thermal influence of the building showed that in conditions of climate warming, the installation of thermal insulation of the base with the use of foam glass allows to reduce the thickness of the seasonally thawed layer by 0.3…0.4 m and reduce the temperature of permafrost. Foam glass can be used for thermal insulation of weak soil bases transformed with the help of crushed stone columns, as well as, in the future, as a material for the columns themselves. For a new building on a base transformed by crushed stone columns, covering the surface of the ventilated underground with a heat-insulating foam glass material during the warm season made it possible to significantly reduce the thickness of the seasonally thawed layer (by 0.9 m). The numerical simulation has shown the effectiveness of the use of foam glass to prevent the degradation of permafrost soils due to climate warming. Foam glass is a promising material for the development of technological measures that ensure the operability of the bases and foundations of buildings and structures at permafrost in the conditions of climate change.
Mineral resource base of Kazakhstan for the production of window glass
Authors: Suleimenov Zh. T. , Sagyndykov A. A. , Abutalipov E. A
Published: February 2024

The chemical compositions of natural and man-made raw materials of Kazakhstan: quartz sand, quartzite, aluminum, calcium and alkali-containing components used in the production of window glass are investigated. According to the chemical composition, all quartz sand deposits meet the requirements of GOST, except for the content of iron oxide. To use quartz sands in the production of flat glass, it is necessary to enrich them. Chemical compositions of feldspar, quartz-feldspar, pegmatite, kaolin have been studied. Deposits of high-quality feldspar raw materials have been found in the Khantau, Maikul deposits (Zhambyl region), in Kostanay (Bisembaevskoye and Marinskoye pegmatite deposits) and Akmola regions (Zerendinskoye field). Alekseyevsky kaolin is of interest, with a high content of aluminum oxide (38.2 %) and a low content of iron oxide. There are quite large reserves of limestones and dolomites in the Republic of Kazakhstan, including the Karatau, Talgar and Shieli deposits. Reserves of chalk with a calcium carbonate content of 94-98 % and insignificant iron oxide are available in the Mangistau region. Kazakhstan has deposits of natural sodium sulfate in the form of solid deposits and brine of numerous lakes. The phase composition of local quartz sands and feldspar has been studied by X-ray phase analysis. Compositions have been developed and experimental glass cooking has been carried out. The content of silicon oxide as the main component in the initial quartz sand is 99.1 %, and the coloring glass of iron oxide is 0.08 %. Therefore, the enrichment method was used to reduce the content of iron oxide in the sand.Studies have shown that magnetic separation can reduce the Fe2O3 content from 0.08 to 0.06 %, by washing from 0.08 to 0.05 %, by flotation to 0.03 %. The size of quartz sand is within the limits that do not complicate the glass cooking process:the content of large grains larger than 0.8 mm is 0.3 %, small grains smaller than 0.1 mm -3 %. The mass fraction of the heavy fraction with a density of more than 2900 kg/m3 is -0.2%. According to complex indicators, the sand corresponds to the VS-030-1po GOST 22551-90 brand. The characteristic intervals of changes in the viscosity of cooking, production, molding, annealing and the corresponding temperatures are determined. The values of the physico-chemical and technological properties of the glasses were obtained by the calculation method. A schedule of annealing of flat glass has been developed.
Construction information model as a tool to reduce information uncertainty in the operational management of construction
Authors: Pimenov S. I. , Kokliugina L. A.
Published: February 2024

The construction of capital construction projects is a complex probabilistic dynamic system subject to numerous external and internal factors. With the complexity, uniqueness of the construction object or constrained conditions for the production of work, the number of such factors increases, as a result, information uncertainty in construction management increases, which leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of the use of traditional organizational and technological models. It is required to search for new and improve existing models. One such model is the construction information model. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the reduction of information uncertainty in the operational management of construction by changing the structural links in the construction management system and the use of a construction information model as a dynamic organizational and technological model. The transition to information modeling technologies requires the main participants in the investment and construction project to change the form of interaction, as well as changes in communication patterns in the structures of individual organizations. For example, the management of construction organizations should continuously manage construction using a building information model. The organizational structure in which the building information model is used positively affects the following aspects of the control system: reduces transaction costs between departments and services; provides high information content; improves the consistency of information between services by analyzing data from a single source; speeds up the decision-making process; increases the stability of the management system, taking into account external and internal factors; enhances organizational reliability. The significance of the presented results for the construction industry is to reduce information uncertainty in the operational management of construction by changing the structural links and information transfer scheme, as well as the continuous collection, storage and analysis of information coming from the construction site into a single construction information model.
Application of visual programming for automation tasks in construction
Authors: Klekovkin E. A. , Suntsov A. S.
Published: February 2024

Modern architectural and structural design is focused on the use of computational capabilities of computers and the use of software. The issue of design process automation is very urgent because of limited capabilities of software complexes and high labor costs for elaboration of solution options. Visual programming is the most accessible tool for scripting to automate the design process in applied software complexes. However, information about this tool in special literature is scattered and unstructured. The aim of this article is to review the spheres of visual programming application in design, to systematize and structure the information and to compare it with alternative tools. For this purpose, we collected and analyzed the relevant literature from the databases of scientific publications. A classification of design approaches in which visual programming is applied has been compiled. Taxonomy and definitions for terms denoting such approaches as parametric, generative and algorithmic design have been proposed. Comparison of visual programming with alternative tools for automating the design process has been carried out. The tasks of design, for which it is rational to apply visual programming, have been singled out. A promising direction of application of this tool is the creation of user plug-ins for software systems.
Multicriteria ranking and selection in rank gradations of objects measured in different types of scales
Authors: Korneenko V. P.
Published: February 2024

To solve multi-criteria applied problems related to the construction of ratings of organizations, the choice of effective objects (alternatives, solutions), the initial data of which are presented in different types (quantitative, ordinal) measurement scales, the use of a generalized criterion in the form of an additive convolution of particular criteria is incorrect. In this regard, methods for narrowing the initial set of objects, as well as methods for constructing the resulting ranking (Kemeny-Snell medians), have become widespread. However, if the initial estimates of objects are transformed into the resulting homogeneous scale i.e., if there is a scale with the same scope of criteria, then the use of an additive aggregation mechanism in this case will be correct. An ordinal rank scale can serve as such a resultant scale. The paper substantiates a method in which the results of the transformation of quantitative (point) estimates of objects in the gradation of the rank scale when solving multi-criteria problems will be invariant for any quantitative transformations of the original scales. The preservation of the ordering of objects according to generalized estimates in the form of the sum of ranks according to equally important criteria is proved. At the same time, object orderings based on relationships with the k-th order of strict preference are also preserved. Illustrative examples are given.
Stochastic model of the smart power grid section functioning
Authors: Sidorov S. M. , Obzherin Yu. E.
Published: February 2024

A feature of large systems, in particular electric power systems, is that the entire system physical state of the is affected by a large number of interacting elements that are randomly in different states. The work relevance is caused by to the fact that construction of mathematical models taking into account the structure and features of the power grid functioning allows us to solve important problems of the energy intellectualization. The goal of the study is due to the desire to show the advantages that arise when using the apparatus of the hidden Markov models theory to semi-Markov models of intelligent electrical systems. To do this, we build a semi-Markov model of a section of a distribution power grid (intelligent electrical grid). Using the theory of semi-Markov processes with a common phase space of states, it is possible to determine the temporal characteristics of the system reliability and obtain a more adequate model. However, territorial dispersion, inaccessibility of some sections of electrical networks and the widespread introduction of automation tools give rise to new problems. For a timely response to various factors, it becomes necessary to as-sess and forecast the states of the system (sections of the system) depending on the signals received in the course of its operation. This can be achieved by applying the hidden Markov models theory. Reliability characteristics are determined and, using the algorithm of stationary phase enlargement, an enlarged semi-Markov model of the section of the intelligent distribution grid is built, which allows passing to the finite state space of the model. Using the merged model, the parameters are determined and a hidden Markov model is developed, for which the most probable states corresponding to a given signal vector are found, the elements subsequent states of the modeled system and signals are predicted. The final part of the article provides an example of finding the reliability characteristics of the system and solving a number of problems in hidden Markov models theory.
Liability of Statutory Representatives of Minors Opposing Mandatory Vaccination
Authors: Pacian Jolanta
Published: February 2024

The aim of the article is to present legal regulations concerning the liability of statutory representatives of minors opposing mandatory preventive vaccination. In the event of failure to comply with this duty, execution procedure is instituted through administrative enforcement proceedings. The enforcement authority is of course the provincial governor who, pursuant to Article 121 of the Act of 17.06.1966 on administrative enforcement proceedings, can impose a fine of up to 50,000 PLN. On the other hand, a doctor is authorized to notify a family court. According to Article 109 section 1 of the Act of 25.02.1964: The Family and Guardianship Code, if a child’s welfare is at risk, a guardianship court shall issue relevant decisions. Moreover, a guardianship court can order that the minor’s parents should take certain actions (Article 109 § 2 item 1 of the Family and Guardianship Code) or that their parental authority should be exercised under permanent supervision by a probation officer (Article 109 § 2 item 3 of the Family and Guardianship Code). Furthermore, an ultimate step is deprivation of parental authority. If parental authority cannot be exercised due to a lasting obstacle, if parents abuse their parental authority, or if they neglect grossly their duties towards the child, a guardianship court shall deprive them of parental authority.
Assessment of Innovative Activity of Industrial Enterprises of the Region in the Context of Structural Transformations of the National Economy
Authors: Vorontsova Maria , Isaeva Aishat , Krasnikov Alexander
Published: February 2024

Industrial enterprises, manufacturing new and upgraded goods, are one of the most essential sectors of the country's economy that ensure its stable development. Both at the federal and regional level an important role is assigned to stimulating innovative activities of enterprises. The North Caucasus Federal District has a high economic potential, it is rich in unique natural resources. Before introducing certain measures to incentivize innovation, there should be a general assessment of the innovative potential of industrial enterprises to determine efficacy of realized investments. The purpose of this research is practical application of means of assessing the innovative potential of the regional economy, which will further enable to take measures to improve funds efficiency invested in the innovative development of industrial enterprises in the North Caucasus Federal District. The research methodology is based on a theoretical analysis of the main scientific provisions of the investment activity of the enterprise, a comparative analysis of the innovative potential of regional associations of Russia, as well as large industrial enterprises of the North Caucasus Federal District. The informational and empirical basis of the study was received from statistical data on the Russian Federation, as well as reporting of enterprises available in the public domain. The object of observation was the largest industrial enterprises of the NCFD with different development strategies over the period 2020–2021. The scientific novelty lies in the author's approach to assessing the innovation and investment potential of industrial enterprises: interpreting the concept of innovation and innovation strategy, as well as socio-economic significance of industrial enterprises within the national economy. The conducted research revealed a number of issues that hinder development of the innovative potential of industrial enterprises in the North Caucasus Federal District; it also proved relevance of the proposed diagnostics.
Psychological Safety of the Teacher's Personality in the Modern Educational Environment
Authors: Kuzmina Galina , Trofimova Elena
Published: February 2024

Educational interaction of teachers in educational environment of modern higher educational institutions are undergoing not only serious transformations but also new and complex challenges, both of an organizational and managerial nature from the standpoint of socio-psychological and psychophysiological aspects. This article considers the mentioned above aspects as threats that negatively affect the psychological security of teachers’ successful and productive professional activity, adequate interpersonal interaction and a full life in general. The aim of the article is to present the results of an empirical study of the threats to the psychological security of a teacher's personality in a modern educational environment. The base for this research consisted of 672 people (631 teachers and 31 representatives of administrative and managerial personnel of higher educational institutions) from nine federal districts of the Russian Federation. The most significant threats to the psychological safety of the educational environment turned out to be the following: "threats to the health of subjects of educational activity and the health of their loved ones", "professional incompetence" and "a sense of their own uselessness". Gender, age, territorial and professionally-oriented features of the assessment of threats to the psychological security of the educational environment were found. Factor analysis revealed 4 components included in the structure of psychological security threats: Professional dissatisfaction, Threats to personal security, Threats of innovations and Organizational and managerial threats.
Macroeconomic Consequences of Russia's WTO Membership: Foreign Trade Aspect
Authors: Balinovskaya Dina , Korotkova Svetlana , Tkach Yulia
Published: February 2024

The World Trade Organization was created to develop and diversify world markets, establish common rules and principles for the interaction of participating countries in the implementation of trade in goods and services. Nineteen years — so much continued the period of Russia's accession to the WTO. The result of participation in this organization was a radical change in legislation concerning Russian foreign economic activity, the transformation of tariff and non-tariff methods for regulating foreign trade, the creation of new information and control centers. The article analyzes the historical features and stages of the Russian Federation's accession to the WTO, as well as the main changes in legislation, regulatory methods and forms of control related to Russia's foreign economic activity. The results of the impact of changes in customs duty rates on foreign trade turnover and, as a consequence, on the receipt of customs payments to the federal budget are summarized. The problems of interaction with the WTO member countries that exist today are revealed. The expediency of Russia's further participation in the World Trade Organization is being considered. Further directions of cooperation development corresponding to modern realities are proposed.
Protocol for "immunoperoxidase detection of alpha-synuclein in non-human primate brain samples v1
Authors: not provided jlanciego
Published: February 2024

Here an step-by-step protocol is provided summarizing the immunoperoxidase detection of neurons expressing alpha-synuclein in the macaque brain. Enclosed image illustrates layer V pyramidal neurons showing immunoreactivity for alpha-synuclein at the level of the cerebral cortex (insular gyrus).
Protocol for "ventriculography-assisted stereotaxic surgery in non-human primates v1
Authors: not provided jlanciego
Published: February 2024

An stept-by-step procedure describing ventriculography-assisted stereotaxic surgery in non-human primates is provided here, including (i) animal pre-surgical preparation, (ii) stereotaxic surgery and (iii) post-surgical care. This protocol is intended to be used for intraparenchymal deliveries of viral suspensions.