bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magic Numbers and Mixing Degree in Many-Fermion Systems
Authors: Plastino Angelo , Plastino Angel Ricardo , Monteoliva Diana
Published: July 2023

We consider an $N$ fermion system at low temperature $T$ in which we encounter special particle number values $N_m$ exhibiting special traits. These

values arise in focusing attention upon the degree of mixture (DM) of the pertinent quantum states. Given the coupling constant of the Hamiltonian, the DMs stay constant for all $N$-values, but experience sudden jumps at the $N_m$. For a quantum state described by the matrix $\rho$, its purity is expressed by $Tr \rho^2$ and then the degree of mixture is given by $1 - Tr \rho^2$, a quantity that coincides with the entropy $S_q$ for $q=2$. Thus, Tsallis entropy of index two faithfully represents the degree of mixing of a state, that is, it measures the extent to which the state departs from maximal purity . Macroscopic manifestations of the degree of mixing can be observed through various physical quantities. Our present study is closely related to properties of many-fermion systemsn that are usually manipulated at zero temperature. Here we wish to study the subject at finite temperature. Gibbs' ensemble is appealed to. Some interesting insights are thereby gained.
Extracting and Evaluating China’s Urban Entities From 2000 to 2020 Based on Snpp-Viirs-Like Data
Authors: Withanage Neel Chaminda , Shi Kaifang , Shen Jingwei
Published: July 2023

In the recent past, China has experienced rapid urbanization as a result of diverse growth factors. In such a context, it is crucial to evaluate the expansion of urban entities in order to implement sustainable urban planning strategies in China. Since, urban entities are the spatial reflection of the concentration of human activities, the delineation of urban areas upon the boundaries of built-up surfaces has resulted from inconsistent understanding and identification of urban areas. The study has attempted to extract and evaluate the growth of urban entities in 336 prefecture cities in China mainland (2000-2020) upon a novel approach using consistent night light images. The urban entities were extracted using the light intensities of the SNPP-VIIRS-like data. After extracting urban entities, a rationality assessment was carried out comparing derived urban entities with the LandScan population product, Landsat, and road networks. Also, the results were compared with other physical extents products such as MODIS and the HE. According to the findings, urban entities are basically consistent with the LandScan, road networks, and those with the HE and MODIS. But, urban entities accurately reflect the concentration of human activities than impervious extents of MODIS and the HE. At the prefecture levels, urban entities elevated from 8082 km2 to 74,417 km2 between 2000 and 2020 showing a 10.8% growth rate. By providing a supplementary resource and guide for trustworthy urban mapping, the research will expand new research directions that address the issues of variations of NTL data brightness thresholds dynamics on regional, and global scales.
Use of Preoperative CT Scans and Patient-Specific Instrumentation May Not Improve Short-Term Adverse Events After Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Navarro Ronald A. , Chan Priscilla H. , Prentice Heather A. , Pearl Michael , Matsen 3rd Frederick A. , McElvany Matthew D.
Published: July 2023

Background:

Ongoing innovation leads to a continuous influx of new technologies related to shoulder arthroplasty. These are made available to surgeons and marketed to both health-care providers and patients with the hope of improving outcomes. We sought to evaluate how preoperative planning technologies for shoulder arthroplasty affect outcomes.

Methods:

This was a retrospective cohort study conducted using data from an integrated health-care system’s shoulder arthroplasty registry. Adult patients who underwent primary elective anatomic or reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (2015 to 2020) were identified. Preoperative planning technologies were identified as (1) a computed tomography (CT) scan and (2) patient-specific instrumentation (PSI). Multivariable Cox regression and logistic regression were used to compare the risk of aseptic revision and 90-day adverse events, respectively, between procedures for which technologies were and were not used.

Results:

The study sample included 8,117 procedures (in 7,372 patients) with an average follow-up of 2.9 years (maximum, 6 years). No reduction in the risk of aseptic revision was observed for patients having either preoperative CT scans (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.22; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.87 to 1.72) or PSI (HR = 1.44; 95% CI = 0.71 to 2.92). Patients having CT scans had a lower likelihood of 90-day emergency department visits (odds ratio [OR] = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.73 to 0.97) but a higher likelihood of 90-day venous thromboembolic events (OR = 1.79; 95% CI = 1.18 to 2.74). Patients with PSI use had a higher likelihood of 90-day deep infection (OR = 7.74; 95% CI = 1.11 to 53.94).

Conclusions:

We found no reduction in the risk of aseptic revision with the use of these technologies. Patients having CT scans and PSI use had a higher likelihood of venous thromboembolism and deep infection, respectively. Ongoing research with extended follow-up is being conducted to further examine the effects of these technologies on patient outcomes.

Level of Evidence:

DiagnosticLevel III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The End of OPEC as We Know It?
Authors: Maxwell Charles T.
Published: July 2023

The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) was founded in 1961. In the first decade or two of its existence, many economic savants tilted against it with claims that it was an unworkable compact between rival oil producers, that it lacked the authority to keep its own members in line on pricing and volume restraint and therefore would soon fly apart, and that its surprising early success would lead to a hubris that would eventually destroy it. Now, some 34 years later, views that OPEC will collapse are not aired so often, at least not publicly. Perhaps, then, it is time to review this possibility again. There is evidence that the economists may have been correct in their judgments but early in their timing.

In a world without OPEC, what would the open market price of oil be? Observers probably have their own assumptions on this, and it would appear that no one case is "right" because the circumstances in which OPEC's collapse might occur are so varied. However, my own rough guess is about $12/bbl for West Texas Intermediate (WTI). Put differently, we estimate that for OPEC to use up its approximately 4 million BID of relatively low-cost excess capacity today by producing at full throttle, the world equivalent price for WTI crude (the principal American grade, now at about $20/bbl *) would have to go down as low as $12 for a time to force the closure of the equivalent 4 million BID of production somewhere else in the global system.
Development of an Efficient ELISA Protocol for Measurement of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-Specific IgG in Human Plasma and Serum Samples
Authors: Appeltrath Gwenllian A. , Parreuter Janine , Karsten Christina B.
Published: July 2023

Here, we present an optimized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) protocol for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) in plasma or serum samples. The protocol offers a rapid and reliable method, delivering results in less than 6 hours. On day 1, 96-well plates are coated with a concentration of 5 µg/mL of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in 0.1 M sodium hydrogen carbonate and left to incubate overnight at 4 °C. Subsequently, the plates undergo thorough washing and are blocked with a buffer containing bovine serum albumin for one hour at room temperature. Diluted samples are added to the wells, followed by a two-hour incubation period. After another round of washing, a horseradish peroxidase-labeled antibody directed against the crystallizable fragment region of IgG is added, and the plates are incubated for one hour. The plates are then washed and developed using 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine-substrate for 30 minutes. The reaction is stopped by the addition of 1 N sulfuric acid. The optimized protocol demonstrated excellent performance, exhibiting a specificity of 99.5% and a sensitivity of 98.1% for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgG in human plasma or serum samples.
Macular dynamics and visual acuity prognosis in retinal vein occlusions—Ways to connect
Authors: Darabus Diana-Maria , Pac Cristina Patricia , Rosca Cosmin , Munteanu Mihnea
Published: July 2023

Background
The aim of this study was to establish possible connections between macular dynamics, various macular features and visual acuity prognosis among patients with retinal vein occlusions.
Methods
This study included 85 patients with central retinal vein occlusions (CRVO) and 26 with branch retinal vein occlusions (BRVO). We assessed macular features such as central macular thickness (CMT), foveal intraretinal hemorrhage (IRH), the presence and distribution of hyperreflective foci (HF), ellipsoid zone (EZ) disruption, inner retinal layer disorganization (DRIL), and posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), as well as their dynamics over one year of observation and their impact on final visual acuity prognosis, depending on the type of occlusion.
Results
Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) evolution is statistically significant regarding groups of age and type of occlusion and insignificant regarding gender. The best response to intravitreal treatment, quantified as a decrease in CMT, was registered after the first intravitreal injection. Connecting a decrease in CMT with BCVA improvement, we did not register a statistically significant correlation in the CRVO group, only in BRVO cases. The study results show that complete PVD plays a significant positive role in decreasing CMT and BCVA improvement in cases of CRVO. Our study revealed that no matter the type of occlusion, the presence of foveal IRH will have a negative impact on the BCVA outcome. Statistically significant differences have been noted only for the evolution of visual acuity in non-ischemic CRVO cases, in correlation with the presence of EZ disruption. Outer retinal layer HF have proved to be predictive factors for poor visual acuity outcomes.
Conclusions
The most important non-imaging predicting factors regarding BCVA after retinal vein occlusions are age and baseline BCVA. CMT’s dynamics still establish a weak connection with visual acuity fluctuations. The presence of foveal IRH, outer retinal layer HF and foveal EZ disruption have a negative impact on visual acuity outcome.
Impact of coagulation on SARS-CoV-2 and PMMoV viral signal in wastewater solids
Authors: Hegazy Nada , Tian Xin , D'Aoust Patrick M. , Pisharody Lakshmi , Towhid Syeda Tasneem , Mercier Élisabeth , Zhang Zhihao , Wan Shen , Thakali Ocean , Kabir Md Pervez , Fang Wanting , Nguyen Tram B. , Ramsay Nathan T. , MacKenzie Alex E. , Graber Tyson E. , Guilherme Stéphanie , Delatolla Robert
Published: July 2023

Wastewater surveillance (WWS) has received interest from researchers, scientists, and public health units for its application in monitoring active COVID-19 cases and detecting outbreaks. While WWS of SARS-CoV-2 has been widely applied worldwide, a knowledge gap exists concerning the effects of enhanced primary clarification, the application of coagulant to primary clarifiers, on SARS-CoV-2 and PMMoV quantification for reliable wastewater-based epidemiology. Ferric-based chemical coagulants are extensively used in enhanced clarification, particularly for phosphorus removal, in North America, and Europe. This study examines the effects of coagulation with ferric sulfate on the measurement of SARS-CoV-2 and PMMoV viral measurements in wastewater primary sludge and hence also settled solids. The addition of Fe3+ to wastewater solids ranging from 0 to 60 mg/L caused no change in N1 and N2 gene region measurements in wastewater solids, where Fe3+ concentrations in primary clarified sludge represent the conventional minimum and maximum concentrations of applied ferric-based coagulant. However, elevated Fe3+ concentrations were shown to be associated with a statistically significant increase in PMMoV viral measurements in wastewater solids, which consequently resulted in the underestimation of PMMoV normalized SARS-CoV-2 viral signal measurements (N1 and N2 copies/copies of PMMoV). pH reduction from coagulant addition did not contribute to the increase in PMMoV measurements. Thus, this phenomenon is likely attributed to the partitioning of PMMoV particles to the solids of wastewater from the bulk liquid phase of wastewater.
Technical and Economic Models for a Global Patient co-Owned Cloud (GPOC)
Authors: Davids Joe , ElSharkawy Mohamed , Lidstromer Niklas , Ashrafian Hutan
Published: July 2023

Recent data breaches causing non-consenting profitable use of medical information as well as global environmental catastrophes, and refugee cross-border migration arising from conflict have led to loss of personal healthcare data with patients seeking better control over their data. Likert scale results from the 2022 global audit survey was combined with micro and macroeconomic indicators to construct a three-level statistical model to generate a GPOC-coefficient score. This score stratified stakeholder eligibility into GPOC-ready, welcoming, and approaching further delineating GPOC-approaching affinity into strong, moderate, or weak. From an econometric approach, additional probabilistic models enabled stakeholders seeking to adopt a GPOC to objectively evaluate their economic burden of impact linked to information and infrastructure loss. We observed that there was a normal distribution centred around 72 countries that were strongly approaching a GPOC if non-fiscal shocks were used. This increased to 94% of all participating countries if fiscal shocks were applied. We assert that fiscal and non-fiscal economic parameters affect a GPOC-readiness score. This multifaceted approach enabled prediction of 50-years of various health economic trends and allowed us to create a risk stratification scoring system that enables any interested country to evaluate their economic resources to support the creation and maintenance of a GPOC. We also investigated the technical requirements to develop a GPOC research sandbox that enables individuals to explore various methods of containerised and accessible cloud-based systems that can support data management of personalised health records (PHR). This may allow cross-border movement of one’s PHR in various uniquely encrypted formats that support medical and non-medical research data discovery. We explore tools to meet some of the criteria for the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) in supporting healthcare software design for a GPOC. The modular sandbox environment contains various protocols for decentralised data transfer, homomorphic encryption, and personal health record file management etc. Its development and subsequent stakeholders’ adoption will involve patients, clinicians, organisations, companies, regulators, and policymakers. It also offers policymakers the opportunity to consider developing tools to support a co-ownership model and a method to derive value from the GPOC.
Evaluation of sex inequity in lung-cancer-specific survival
Authors: Laerum Dan , Strand Trond-Eirik , Brustugun Odd Terje , Gallefoss Frode , Falk Ragnhild , Durheim Michael T. , Fjellbirkeland Lars
Published: July 2023

Background
Whether sex is an independent prognostic factor in lung cancer survival is the subject of ongoing debate. Both large national registries and single hospital studies have shown conflicting findings. In this study, we explore the impact of sex on lung-cancer-specific survival in an unselected population that is well-characterized with respect to stage and other covariates.
Material and Methods
All patients diagnosed with lung cancer at a single hospital serving a whole and defined region in Southern Norway during the 10 years 2007-2016 were included. Follow-up data were available for at least 56 months for all patients. Analyses were adjusted for stage, treatment, performance status, smoking, age, histology, EGFR/ALK/immunotherapy treatment and period. Differences in lung-cancer-specific survival by sex were explored using restricted mean survival times.
Results
Of the 1261 patients diagnosed with lung cancer, 596 (47%) were females and 665 (53%) males, with mean ages of 68.5 and 69.5 years, respectively. The observed five-year lung-cancer-specific survival rate was 27.4% (95% CI 23.7, 31.2) in females and 21.4% (95% CI 18.2, 24.8) in males. However, after adjustment for covariates, no significant differences by sex were observed. The five-year restricted mean survival time was 0.9 months shorter (95% CI -2.1, 0.31, p=0.26) in males compared to females.
Conclusion:
In this cohort, sex was not associated with a difference in lung-cancer-specific survival after adjusting for clinical and biological factors. Imbalance in stage at diagnosis was the main contributor to the observed difference in lung-cancer-specific survival by sex.
Intra-arterial Tirofiban after Intravenous Thrombolysis in a Patient with Capsular warning syndrome: A case report
Authors: Fu Qingqing , Jiang Zhonghua
Published: July 2023

Background: Capsular warning syndrome (CWS) is a special type of transient ischemic attack syndrome with a high risk to progress into a stroke with a permanent disability. An effective and standard therapy has not yet been established.
Case presentation: We report a 57-year-old man who experienced 4 episodes of dysarthria andleft-sided hemiplegia. He was diagnosed with CWS and treated by r-tPA intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in the third episode. He achieved a transient remission after IVT. However, he developed more severe and persistent symptoms with a National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of 8 points at the fourth attack. Intra-arterial tirofiban was administered as remedial therapy and the patient achieved a favorable outcome with a modified Rankin Scale score of 0 at the 3-month follow-up. Conclusion: Intra-arterial tirofiban may act as an effective and safe remedial therapy for patients with CWS who failed to respondto IVT.
Utilization and associated factors for long-acting reversible contraceptive methods in Gondar City, Amhara Region, Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Tarekegn Abebe Ayinalem , Gesesse Dereje Nibret
Published: July 2023

Sexual and reproductive health issues associated with modern family planning methods remain a community problem in developed and developing countries due to population growth and related factors. Unmet needs for family planning leads to unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortions, and health problems for mothers and children. The intent of this study is to determine utilization of long-acting reversible contraceptive methods and related factors in the community of Gondar City administration. A community-based cross-sectional study design was used for this study, conducted from March 1st to April 30th, 2022 in the Gondar City community. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 software to identify associated variables with long-acting reversible contraceptive methods with a P-value of 0.05 at a 95% confidence level. The response rate was 90.1% (508 participants). Most of the study participants were married women (86.6%), had little knowledge (75.2%) and negative attitudes (70.5%) about long term reversible contraceptive methods. Among modern family planning practitioners, 21.7% (18.1%, 25.2%) used long-acting reversible contraceptive methods. Knowledge, age at first marriage, level of education and number of children, and abortion experience were significantly associated with the use of long-acting reversible contraceptives. The uptake of reversible long-acting contraceptives is lower than studies conducted in health care settings. The government, non-governmental organizations, working in sexual and reproductive health, shall increase community knowledge about the benefits of long-acting reversible contraceptive methods and shall promote the participation of women in formal education.
The prevalence of small airways disease and association with handgrip strength in young Hispanic farmworkers
Authors: Dong Yutong , Cromer Pam , Layman Debbie , Brown Michelle , Dong Yanbin , Zhu Haidong
Published: July 2023

Background:
Small airways disease (SAD) is a key risk in developing obstructive lung diseases (OLD). Handgrip strength (HGS) is found to be associated with pulmonary function in populations with lung conditions. Hispanics remain the main workforce in farming industry, but their prevalence of lung conditions remain understudied. Likewise, HGS also remains understudied in Hispanic and farmworker populations. Our study investigated the prevalence of SAD and OLD as well as their associations with HGS among Hispanic farmworkers.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study analyzed 113 Hispanic farmworkers (54% female) who were screened using pulmonary function tests during annual health fairs in rural Southeastern US from 2013 to 2017. Smoking status was self-reported. SAD was defined as forced expiratory flow at 25–75% predicted of vital capacity (FEF25 − 75% predicted) ≤ 60% per literature and OLD defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 second/ forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) ratio < 70% per Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease criteria. Seated isometric absolute (the sum of both hands) and relative (absolute handgrip strength divided by body mass index) handgrip strengths were collected.
Results:
26.5% of subjects had SAD and 15.9% had OLD. 50% of subjects with SAD had OLD while 83% of subjects with OLD had SAD. 13% of overall population smoked. Lower absolute and relative HGS groups had higher prevalence of SAD and OLD. Multivariate linear regression showed that lower absolute and relative HGS were associated with worsened small airway function. Age and FEF25 − 75% predicted were associated with FEV1/FVC. Smoking, body mass index, blood pressures, hemoglobin A1C and lipids were not predictors in either model.
Conclusions:
This is one of the first studies reporting prevalence of pulmonary function in Hispanic farmworkers. Although this population was relatively young and healthy, there was high prevalence of SAD and OLD, which was higher than the overall prevalence in Hispanic population. There were more females subjects with SAD. Most of the subjects with OLD had SAD but not vice versa. Lower HGS levels were associated with worsened pulmonary function, and HGS was a significant predictor of FEF25 − 75% predicted, a potential marker for small airway physiology.
Oral frailty as a possible fall risk factor in community-dwelling older adults independent of sarcopenia and physical performance
Authors: Kamide Naoto , Ando Masataka , Murakami Takeshi , Sawada Takuya , Hata Wakana , Sakamoto Miki
Published: July 2023

Purpose
This study investigated the direct association of oral frailty with falls in community-dwelling older people, independent of sarcopenia and physical performance.
Methods
The participants were 237 community-dwelling older people (76.0±5.7 years). Oral frailty was assessed using the Oral Frailty Index-8. History of falls, timed up and go test (TUG), and sarcopenia were also assessed. The association between oral frailty and fall incidence was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for TUG and sarcopenia.
Results
Forty-six (19.4%) participants fell and 130 (54.9%) had a risk of oral frailty. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, oral frailty was significantly associated with fall incidence (odds ratio=2.38, 95% confidence interval: 1.11-5.07), even after adjusting for TUG and sarcopenia.
Conclusion
Oral frailty is a possible fall risk factor, independent of sarcopenia and physical performance, in community-dwelling older people.
Using socio-technical systems theory to study the health information management workforce in Australian acute hospitals
Authors: KEMP Trixie , Ayton Jennifer , Butler-Henderson Kerryn , Lam Mary
Published: July 2023

Socio-Technical Systems Theory has gained popularity in recent years in the digital health field. To better understand how socio-technical systems can be used to research the health information management field, this paper explores socio-technical systems from its origin, four different approaches, elements of these frameworks, and their application in various studies. Leveraging knowledge gained from other industries on using socio-technical systems, an example of privacy demonstrates the application of this theory in a current study which is examining HIM professionals’ contribution to patient safety in Australian acute hospitals. The article further explores why this approach is a suitable model for studying this workforce and why this theory continues to be relevant today.
Characterization of protein lactylation in relation to cardiac metabolic reprogramming in neonatal mouse hearts
Authors: Zhang Tongyu , Zhu Yingxi , Wang Xiaochen , Chong Danyang , Wang Haiquan , Bu Dandan , Zhao Mengfei , Fang Lei , Li Chaojun
Published: July 2023

Background
In mammals, the neonatal heart regenerates within a short time after birth, but adults lack this ability. The metabolic patterns of embryonic and adult hearts are completely different. We have shown that metabolic reprogramming is critical for cardiomyocyte proliferation in the neonatal heart. However, the molecular mechanism of metabolic reprogramming in neonatal heart still needs to be explored. Herein, we revealed that cardiac metabolic reprogramming could be regulated by altering global protein lactylation.
Results
4D label-free proteomics and Kla omics were performed in postnatal Day 1 (P1), 5 (P5), and 7 (P7) mouse hearts, 2297 Kla sites from 980 proteins were identified, and 1262 Kla sites from 409 proteins were quantified. Functional clustering analysis of proteins with altered Kla sites revealed that the proteins were mainly involved in metabolic processes. The Kla levels in several fatty acid oxidation-related proteins showed high expression at P5, while most glycolysis and cell cycle-related proteins were sustainedly decreased from P1-P7. Furthermore, we verified the Kla levels of several differentially modified proteins, including ACAT1, ACADL, ACADVL, PFKM, PKM and NPM1, by coimmunoprecipitation and Western blotting.
Conclusions
We reported the first comprehensive Kla map in the neonatal mouse heart, which will aid in understanding the regulatory network of metabolic reprogramming and cardiac regeneration.
Evaluating the Correlation Between Serum PSA Values and Gleason Score of the Prostate Carcinoma with Ga68-PSMA Uptake in the Prostate Tumor in Primary Staging
Authors: Momeni Amir , soltani salman , ghorbani hamidreza , Kabiri Mona , tafazoli nooshin , dadgar habibollah , golestani zahra bakhshi , norouzbeigi nasim , dabbagh vahidreza , sadeghi ramin , aghaee atena
Published: July 2023

Introduction
: Ga68-PSMA PET/CT has a crucial role in staging, evaluation of treatment, and diagnosis of local recurrence of prostate tumors and has recently been suggested by some guidelines as a staging method for intermediate and high-risk patients. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between serum PSA levels and Gleason score of the prostate tumor, with the findings of Ga68-PSMA PET/CT scan in primary staging.
Methods
In the present cross-sectional study, all patients with prostate cancer who were referred to the nuclear medicine ward of Razavi Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, for Ga68-PSMA PET/CT whole body scan from 21 March 2021 until 21 March 2022 were enrolled. The results of each of the three stages of the scan (early, whole-body, and late) were recorded. The standardized uptake value of Ga68-PSMA in the primary tumor and its association with serum PSA, tumor Gleason score, and presence of tumor metastasis were evaluated and analyzed. In all statistical analyses, p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Findings
: In total, 49 male patients with a median age of 65 years (Interquartile range: 59–69) were studied. 43.9% of the patients were in the high-risk group (Gleason score 9–10). The median serum PSA level was 17 ng/mL (Interquartile range: 8.02–42.10). PSA levels correlated with the SUVmax of the tumor in the whole-body stage of the scan (p < 0.05, r = + 0.392) but not early or late stages (p > 0.05). Gleason scores were positively correlated with tumor SUVmax in all three scan stages (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Our results indicated that the Gleason score significantly correlated with the SUVmax of the prostate tumor in all three stages of the scan; however, serum PSA levels correlated with the tumor SUVmax in the whole-body stage of the scan but not in the early and late stages. In the whole-body stage, higher SUVmax was significantly associated with higher Gleason scores (9–10 vs. 7–8), bladder wall and seminal vesicle invasion, and lymph node metastasis (p < 0.05 in all cases), too.
Prevalence of Hrfb and Related Factors Among Mothers Attending Antenatal Care at Public Health Facilities in Doyogena District, Kembata Tembaro Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Yoseph Tessema , Bekele Teshome , Lealem Endalaw , Mishamo Genet , Damissie Tsegaye
Published: July 2023

Background
HRFB is a serious public health issue that may influence a country’s economic development and the health status of the mothers in developing countries, like Ethiopia. However, it is not well studied, especially in the study area.
Objective
To assess the prevalence of HRFB and related factors among mothers attending ANCs at public health facilities in Doyogena district, southern Ethiopia, 2022.
Methods
A facility-based cross-sectional study was employed among 276 women who had ANC follow-up by using systematic random sampling techniques in Doyogena district from July1 to September 30, 2022. Data was entered by Epidata V4.6 and analyzed by SPSS V25. P-values < 0.05 were used to declare AOR with 95% CI as significantly associated with HRFB.
Result
Overall, the prevalence of HRFB was 67.39% (95% CI: 63.91, 71.01). Factors like, 41.90% were at single high risks and 25.47% were at multiple high risks. Having no ANC follow-up (AOR: 3.365, 95% CI), ANC visits less than 4 times (AOR: 2.447, 95% CI), being multiparous (AOR: 2.171, 95% CI), and poor knowledge of contraceptives (AOR: 2.89, 95% CI) were significantly associated with maternal HRFB.
Conclusion
HRFB influence country development and maternal health issues. ANC follow-up at least 4 ANC visits, parity, and knowledge of contraception were identified as predictors of HRFB in Doyogena district. Therefore, emphasis should be given to the reduction of the prevalence as well as contributing factors of HRFB.
Relationship Between Arterial and Intraosseous Pressure in Pigeons (Columba rupestris) in a Hypovolemic Model
Authors: Yu Pin Huan , Wang Po Hsiang
Published: July 2023

Background
Blood pressure is a crucial vital sign in avians. However, both direct and indirect methods of pressure measurement are impractical, because of the invasive nature and inaccurate result respectively. Intraosseous pressure is a potential substitute, for its relation between arterial pressure had been reported in mammals. Also, intraosseous pressure is able to be measured by regular intraosseous catheterisation through ulnar in African grey parrots. To confirm the relationship between intraosseous pressure and arterial pressure and compare the result of different intraosseous catheterisation sites under hypovolemic model. 30 pigeons were assigned to 2 groups based on intraosseous sites and the status of hypovolemia were defined as stage 1 represent baseline conditions, stage 2 to 4 represent 20%, 30% and 60% blood loss respectively
Results
Among 30 subjects, mean value of intraosseous pressure (p > 0.05) and its ratio to arterial pressure were significantly higher in unlar than it from tibiotarsus in every stages. Meanwhile intraosseous pressure from ulnar demonstrated moderated to high correlation (0.5 < |r| < 0.9, F > F0.05(1, 13), p < 0.05) to arterial pressure in 0%, 20% and 30% blood loss stages. There was no significant difference(p > 0.05) between the decreasing trend of intraosseous pressure measured from ulna and arterial pressure.
Conclusions
The result indicates that there was closer relationship between intraosseous pressure of ulnar and arterial pressure than it of tibiotarsus. Also, intraosseous pressure of ulnar is able to predict arterial pressure in normovolemic and mild to moderate hypovolemic states in pigeons.
Simple method improving the accuracy of puncture in anterior ventricular access of EVD--based on radiological data of Chinese adults
Authors: Wang Dongyuan , Sun Yandang
Published: July 2023

Background: In our clinical work, we sometimes find that the classic technique of anterior ventricular access of EVD is not accurate, so we use simple method to improve its accuracy.
Methods: Using a standard axial computed tomography scan of cranium on viewing system (any slice and any distance between two points can be measured easily when we needed), we locate some projections and other sites that we need on topogram(scanogram), then locate them on patients' scalp. Combining their locations above, we want to verify the shortcoming of classic technique of anterior ventricular access of EVD and to improve it.
Results: The study demonstrates that there are some shortcomings in the classic technique of anterior ventricular access of EVD, we can get a more accurate result via a simple method in our practice.
Conclusions: Using a simple method, we can improve the accuracy of the technique of anterior ventricular access of EVD.
Uncovering the realities of ß-Thalassemia major women through qualitative descriptive study- Policy matters
Authors: Jabeen Rawshan , Ansari Iqrah , Durrani Butool , Salman Mubarak Jabeen , Mazhar Laraib , Ansari Muhammad Usman Hussain , Ansari Ali Hussain , Kabani Saba , Ansari Saqib
Published: July 2023

Introduction: ß-Thalassemia is a genetic disorder that affects physical and emotional well-being and has a significant monetary impact on families and the healthcare system. Social support is believed to play a vital role in improving the quality of life for these patients, particularly in terms of mental wellbeing. This study aims to understand the universal psychosocial burdens faced by young women suffering from ß-thalassemia major and their perceptions and role in society.Methods: The study design was qualitative descriptive, using purposive sampling. In-depth interviews were conducted with six young women diagnosed with ß-thalassemia major, aged between 16 and 40 years, with varying levels of education. The data was analyzed using NVIVO-12, through coding, categorization, theme development, and mind mapping.Findings: This study aimed to understand the psychosocial facilitators and barriers to the wellbeing of female ß-thalassemia patients. Through inductive content analysis. Positive Factors which enhance quality of lives were education, family support, quality of life, and contributions to society however negative influencer factors were depression social segregation/isolation, lack of insurance services, difficulties in school, employment, and social relationships.Conclusion: This study highlights the psychosocial facilitators and barriers to the wellbeing of young female ß-thalassemia patients in Pakistan. It highlights the need for further research to understand their needs and the necessary support from society.
Intraoperative hyperthermia related to acute compartment syndrome under general anesthesia：a case report
Authors: Zhao Xin , Lv Xueli , Zhao Baojian
Published: July 2023

Background:Intraoperative hyperthermia is a potentially life-threatening condition that requires prompt recognition and management. In this article, we will present a case of intraoperative hyperthermia resulting from acute compartment syndrome.Case presentation:A young patient developed hyperthermia during general anesthesia. He also showed hemodynamic fluctuations, metabolic acidosis. Physical examination revealed absent pulsation in the left dorsal artery and tensely swollen, cyanotic skin on the lower leg. The patient received immediate swelling relief and cooling measresures which resulted in a gradual reduction of his body temperature, improvement in metabolic acidosis and hemodynamic stability. After the surgical procedure, the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit for further monitoring and extubation was performed the next day.Conclusions:Anesthesiologists should be aware of the possibility of acute compartment syndrome in patients with unexplained temperature rise after the exclusion of other causes.
Ionic-Like Superlattices by Charged Nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Wenjie , Nayak Binay , Zhang Honghu , Ocko Benjamin , Bu Wei , Travesset Alex , Vaknin David , Mallapragada Surya
Published: July 2023

Controlling interactions among nanoparticles is paramount to achieving assemblies vital to technologies seeking to exploit their novel collective properties. Although various techniques have been advanced, robust ones are necessary for upscaling nanoparticle assembly and crystallization. Here, we show that by grafting gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with charge-end-group-thiolated polyethylene-glycol, we control the charge of each AuNP. Such control facilitates formation of various two-dimensional structures of oppositely charged binary constituents at vapor/liquid interfaces. Using surface-sensitive synchrotron X-ray diffraction techniques, we establish the formation of distinct checker-board square lattice structures at a range of pH and molar ratios of the constituents. By regulating pH the superlattices can transform from square to the hexagonal lattice or vice versa and, to a single component superstructure at the interface. Our recipe for the control of charges and their consequent interactions among nanoparticles can be readily exploited in the assembly of devices in two and three dimensions.
The Effect of using Cooperative Learning Technique on EFL Students’ Writing Performance at University Level
Authors: Musa Fatuma , Ferede Tekle , Tibebu Aberash
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of using cooperative learning technique on EFL students’ writing performance at university level. The study employed a quasi-experimental research design. Two intact classes of second year undergraduate students who were taking Basic Writing Sills course at Jimma University participated in the study. The two classes were assigned to treatment\ experiment and control groups. The treatment group consists of 48 students while the control group comprises 41 students. The treatment group was taught writing in English using cooperative learning technique and the control group was taught writing in English using individual learning technique. Data were collected through paragraph writing tests (pretest & posttest). The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Independent samples t-tests was conducted to determine whether or not there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the writing performances of the treatment group and that of the control groups. Paired sample t-tests were also conducted to determine whether or not there was statistically significant difference between the pretest and the posttest mean scores of each group. The results of the independent samples t-tests indicated that the writing performances of the treatment group and that of the control group were similar before the treatment; however, after the treatment, the writing performance of the treatment group was significantly better than that of the control group. The results of paired sample t-test also showed that the writing performance of the treatment group was significantly improved after the treatment due to the implementation of cooperative learning technique in writing classes. Based on the results it was concluded that using cooperative learning technique improves EFL students’ writing performance at university level in the context of Ethiopia. Therefore, it is recommended that English teachers should use cooperative learning technique in writing classes in order to help university undergraduate students to improve their writing performance. Material designers in the country should also incorporate writing activities that allow students to use cooperative learning technique in the process of learning writing.
Optimization of series-series compensated wireless power transfer system using alternative secondary side rectification
Authors: Zavrel Martin , Kindl Vladimir , Frivaldsky Michal , Andriukaitis Darius , Navikas Dangirutis
Published: July 2023

This paper focuses on the operational analysis of wireless power transfer (WPT) system, while the topology of the secondary side rectifier represents the main element, for which the properties of WPT system are being investigated. Initially the system description and technical specifications are given. Because WPT systems are designed for a certain type and value of the load (impedance matching) in order to achieve the highest possible efficiency, the definitions for those values are identified for individual topologies of the secondary side rectifiers. Consequently, the results are compared and discussed and followed by the simulation analysis to prove the operational behavior in time-domain for each of investigated alternative of rectifier. Several relationships have been identified in relation to secondary side electrical variables, and discussion for stress-optimization are given as well. The simulation results are verified by the experimental measurements, while individual solutions for secondary side rectifiers are evaluated from efficiency point of view followed by the recommendations of the operational conditions.
Assessing the Implications of Water Provisioning and Its Quality on Health Outcomes: A Micro level study in India Authors’ details
Authors: kanyagui Martin , Sharma Jyoti , Mishra Nandita , Viswanathan P. K.
Published: July 2023

Over the past few years, many nations have implemented a variety of initiatives, including policies and programs, with the sole purpose of enhancing the quality of drinking water to meet the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 targets. Even though water seems to be often easily accessible, the poor quality is mostly as a result of environmental factors and subterranean minerals that contaminate the water. This paper attempts to compares two rural water supply sources in Nagla Chandi village in Uttar Pradesh, India: untreated groundwater available via borewells and RO water from a water filtering system. The study discovered that subterranean minerals are the primary pollutants of unprocessed water derived from borewells, that serve as the main supply of drinking water. Even though the water from the alternative systems, the Jivamritam water filter (RO) met all the requirements for water purity, it frequently breaks down, forcing the community members to drink untreated water from the hand dug wells. The study also reveals a high incidence of water-borne illness. It further makes recommendations for maintaining and operating the RO system effectively. For the Village Water and Sanitation Committees (VWSC) and other neighborhood organisations to regularly assess the quality of the water and take appropriate corrective action, the paper recommends lowering the cost of water testing for villages.
Changes in chin position and morphology in response to orthodontic treatment with premolar extraction
Authors: Zhang Jie , Ye Chengxinyue , Xiang Jie , Zhu Yufan , Sun Wentian , Xiong Xin , Wang Jun
Published: July 2023

Objectives
Premolar extraction is a common therapeutic strategy in orthodontic treatment, which helps to achieve an aesthetic profile by adjusting the positional relationship between nose, lip and chin. This retrospective study aimed to examine the chin changes in response to premolar extraction and develop predictive models.
Materials and Methods
A total of 135 adults requiring orthodontic treatments with four premolars extraction were included in the study and the cephalometric indications for their chin changes, as well as other skeletal, dental and soft tissue changes were measured with lateral cephalograms. Morphometric analysis, Pearson’s correlation analysis and multivariate regression analysis were conducted to recognize the potential factors contributing to chin changes.
Results
Soft tissue pogonion (sPog) point advancement relative to both subnasale (Sn) vert plane and nasion-B (NB) plane was observed. The soft tissue thickness of boney gnathion-soft tissue gnathion (Gn-sGn), Z angle and mentolabial sulcus’s angle increased. Patients with larger ANB angle, longer and thicker upper lips showed less forward movement of chin. Patients with more protruded incisors may have greater changes in chin position and morphology. Additionally, changes of sella nasion point B angle (SNB), occlusion plane and the incisor position by premolar extraction can also influence the post-orthodontic chin position and morphology.
Conclusions
The position and morphology of chin changed in response to orthodontic extraction. Orthodontists should pay attention to sagittal skeletal pattern, occlusion plane, incisor position, soft tissue morphology and age before and during treatment, which were proved to be related to the chin changes.
Clinical Relevance
Clarifying and predicting the chin change caused by orthodontic extraction will facilitate treatment planning and physician-patient communication.
Towards adaptive drag reduction of a flat-back 3D bluff body in variable pitch and cross-wind configurations by flow orientation at the base separation
Authors: Fan Yajun , Parezanovic Vladimir , Fichera Sebastiano , Cadot Olivier
Published: July 2023

The sensitivity of the drag to the rear design of a flat-back body is investigated under different body attitudes defined by the pitch (-1.5o, 0o, +1.5o) and yaw (up the 15o). The rear design consists of taper angles at the top and bottom trailing edge varying from 0o (no taper) to 12.5o. Compared to the fixed optimal rear design that minimizes drag at the wind-aligned body attitude, the rear design adaptation to the change of attitude produces a noticeable drag reduction up to 3% and 5% when the pitch is varied within a yaw range smaller than 3o. It is shown that this drag reduction is related to the vertical wake steady instability interfering with the rear design. For yaw larger than 3o and up to 12o, an almost constant drag reduction of 2% is found and shown to be a compromise between a beneficial pressure recovery on the flat base and a detrimental pressure drag on the tapers. At larger yaw and independently to the pitch, there is no compromise anymore such that any taper angle different from 0o produces a drag increase leading eventually to the squareback rear design as the optimal design. Overall, the study emphasizes the potential of adaptive control of the top and bottom trailing edge tapers to arbitrary body attitude even at small yaw when the pitch is varied.