bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanism Design With Limited Commitment
Authors: Doval Laura , Skreta Vasiliki
Published: July 2022

We develop a tool akin to the revelation principle for dynamic mechanism‐selection games in which the designer can only commit to short‐term mechanisms. We identify a
canonical class of mechanisms rich enough to replicate the outcomes of any equilibrium in a mechanism‐selection game between an uninformed designer and a privately informed agent. A cornerstone of our methodology is the idea that a mechanism should encode not only the rules that determine the allocation, but also the information the designer obtains from the interaction with the agent. Therefore, how much the designer learns, which is the key tension in design with limited commitment, becomes an explicit part of the design. Our result simplifies the search for the designer‐optimal outcome by reducing the agent's behavior to a series of participation, truth telling, and Bayes' plausibility constraints the mechanisms must satisfy.
From Imitation to Innovation: Where Is All That Chinese R&D Going?
Authors: König Michael , Storesletten Kjetil , Song Zheng , Zilibotti Fabrizio
Published: July 2022

We construct an endogenous growth model with random interactions where firms are subject to distortions. The TFP distribution evolves endogenously as firms seek to upgrade their technology over time either by innovating or by imitating other firms. We use the model to quantify the effects of misallocation on TFP growth in emerging economies. We structurally estimate the stationary state of the dynamic model targeting moments of the empirical distribution of R&D and TFP growth in China during the period 2007–2012. The estimated model fits the Chinese data well. We compare the estimates with those obtained using data for Taiwan and perform counterfactuals to study the effect of alternative policies. R&D misallocation has a large effect on TFP growth.
The Effect of Job Loss and Unemployment Insurance on Crime in Brazil
Authors: Britto Diogo G. C. , Pinotti Paolo , Sampaio Breno
Published: July 2022

We investigate the impact of job loss on crime and the mitigating role of unemployment benefits, exploiting detailed individual‐level data linking employment careers, criminal records, and welfare registries for the universe of male workers in Brazil. The probability of committing crimes increases on average by 23% for workers displaced by mass layoffs, and by slightly less for their cohabiting sons. Using causal forests, we show that the effect is entirely driven by young and low‐tenure workers, while there is no heterogeneity by education and income. Regression discontinuity estimates indicate that unemployment benefit eligibility completely offsets potential crime increases upon job loss, but this effect vanishes completely immediately after benefit expiration. Our findings point to liquidity constraints and psychological stress as the main drivers of criminal behavior upon job loss, while substitution between time on the job and leisure does not seem to play an important role.
Primer registro de sauropterigios fósiles del Triásico Superior del suroeste de España (Ayamonte, provincia de Huelva)
Authors: Reolid Matías , Muñiz Fernando , Toscano Antonio , Belaústegui Zain
Published: July 2022

Este trabajo se centra en el estudio del primer registro de un resto fósil de sauropterigio procedente del Triásico superior del sector oriental del Paleomargen Suribérico. El resto, encontrado en la sucesión sedimentaria carbonatada del Triásico que aflora en Ayamonte (Huelva, España), corresponde a un arco neural de un sauropterigio. La sucesión carbonatada se depositó en un ambiente marino muy somero simultáneamente a cierta actividad ígnea durante el Rhaetiense (Triásico superior). El resto fósil aparece aislado, desarticulado y presenta algunas fracturas que evidencian cierto transporte por corrientes, sin descartar la posible interacción de organismos carroñeros. El arco neural está conservado como fosfato cálcico con enriquecimiento en Sr, de acuerdo con los mapeos composicionales realizados sobre el resto fósil y el sedimento circundante. Los rasgos anatómicos no han permitido su identificación taxonómica detallada. El resto estudiado extiende el registro de reptiles sauropterigios hacia el occidente colonizando el Paleomargen Suribérico, en este caso la Cuenca del Algarve, conforme se producía la rotura (rifting) de Pangea y el Tethys se abría paso hacia el oeste con la progresiva inundación de nuevas cuencas.
The sovereign meal of the male leader
Authors: Stagi Luisa , Benasso Sebastiano , Guzzetti Luca
Published: July 2022

As a crucial component of « Italianicity », food is a common topic in the political discourse in Italy. The diffusion of the grammars and practices of food porn media offer new possibilities for political communication: in Italy, it’s especially the sovereignist and populist parties who use such a language. In this article we will focus on the application of food porn as a gastro-nationalist device by Matteo Salvini, leader of the right-wing party Lega. In Salvini’s specific aesthetics of food porn, we can detect a « lo-fi » strategy - based on the counter-position with « high cuisine » –, which resonates with the rejection of the intellectual elites’ attitudes and know-how. Furthermore, with his food porn production, Salvini aims to celebrate the material and pragmatic elements typically associated with the traditional masculinity supported by the « anti-gender » movements in Italy and elsewhere. Thanks to the representation of food and meals, Salvini thus proposes an image of himself as a typical Italian male, ready to defend the borders of nation, tradition and gender.
The power of the aromatic herbs of the Azoteas
Authors: Cuturi Flavia G.
Published: July 2022

Dans certains contextes géopolitiques, l'acte créatif des femmes d'utiliser des arômes et des épices pour caractériser et donner du goût aux plats peut devenir un puissant outil de revendication de genre et d'affirmation identitaire, et une ressource économique pour soutenir l'autonomie des femmes. Comme dans le cas des femmes d'ascendance africaine à Guapi, en Colombie. Ce qui l'a rendu possible, c'est la loi 70 de 1993 promulguée en faveur des droits fondamentaux des Afro-Colombiens. Cette loi a mis en place les revendications pour l'autonomie et l'amélioration du genre et pour l'autonomisation des femmes. Elle a également mis en branle un grand nombre de fonds publics nationaux et internationaux pour promouvoir la visibilité du monde afro-descendant. Les femmes Guapi ont présenté des projets impressionnants, comme celui sur le « retour » de la production d'herbes aromatiques pour la cuisine basée sur la technique oubliée de l’horticulture durable, azotea. Des projets de « récupération » comme celui-ci ont créé des occasions économiques pour les familles matrifocales et des chances de visibilité de la culture afro-colombienne, permettant également la valorisation des compétences organisationnelles basées sur la solidarité entre femmes et la sauvegarde de la connaissance des ressources environnementales.
Too spicy for the French
Authors: Studer Nina S.
Published: July 2022

De nombreux médecins et psychiatres français ont supposé que les épices, la sexualité et les dangers de la masculinité “primitive” étaient intrinsèquement liés dans le Maghreb colonial. Ils rapportaient régulièrement que la nourriture maghrébine était insupportablement épicée et, par conséquent, la cuisine locale était souvent jugée inappropriée aux palais européens. Les médecins et psychiatres soupçonnaient souvent que le piquant de leur nourriture affectait et augmentait la sexualité des hommes nord-africains, ou que ceux-ci croyaient au moins que les épices provoquaient une augmentation de la libido, ce que les auteurs coloniaux redoutaient comme, pour eux, la sexualité des hommes colonisés semblait immodérée, menaçante et dangereuse avant même l’effet supplémentaire des épices. Dans sa thèse de médecine, par exemple, Gabriel Perrin décrit comment des hommes algériens âgés utilisaient la nourriture épicée comme une forme d’aphrodisiaque, ne voulant pas accepter que pour eux, “l’heure de la frigidité” fût venue (Perrin, 1895 : 47).
Mendicant choir relocations in the local context
Authors: Allen Joanne
Published: July 2022

Florence holds a unique place amongst the major church renovation schemes of post-Tridentine Italy. In the 1560s and 1570s, projects to remove nave screens and choirs and institute further aethestic and liturgical changes transformed numerous churches in the city, most prominently the large mendicant churches of Santa Maria Novella and Santa Croce. However, too often these Florentine renovations are attributed solely to the impetus of Duke Cosimo I de Medici and expertise of his court architect, Giorgio Vasari. Certainly in some prominent cases, Cosimo and Vasari pioneered architectural change: Cosimo financed alterations in the two mendicant churches, and Vasari later bragged about these achievements in Le Vite.Direct ducal patronage notwithstanding, this article will present a more nuanced picture of late sixteenth-century church architecture in Florence, demonstrating that numerous agents – including private patrons, lay administrators, and religious communities – proposed, organized and enacted these transformation projects. Users of the altered spaces also expressed differing opinions about their impact and utility. Within a broader context of Tridentine reform, this article will track the day-to-day realities of the renovations extracted from records preserved in the Florentine archives, from minutes of chapter meetings to payments for moving wooden choir stalls. By focusing on the lesser known church renovations, I will argue for a subtle interpretation of historical events and reconsider the broader motivations and effects of the wide-ranging alterations.
S. Angelo di Panzo ad Assisi
Authors: Danesi Valeria
Published: July 2022

Il monastero duecentesco di S. Angelo di Panzo sorge alle falde del monte Subasio, a pochi chilometri di distanza da Assisi. Nonostante i pesanti rimaneggiamenti subiti nel corso dei secoli, è ancora oggi possibile riscontrare la presenza di un elemento architettonico che permette di legare il complesso all’esperienza spirituale di santa Chiara di Assisi, diffusasi capillarmente dal XIII secolo nell’Italia centrale. All’interno dell’originaria chiesa è presente, infatti, un’apertura che doveva mettere in comunicazione il vano ecclesiastico con un ambiente contiguo che, assolvendo funzione di coro, permetteva alle religiose di ascoltare la liturgia senza essere viste dai fedeli salvaguardando così la tipica dimensione reclusa delle sorores. Questo particolare spazio liturgico può essere messo in relazione con quello simile rinvenuto all’interno del complesso divenuto, poi, modello per la successiva architettura damianita e clariana: il S. Damiano di Assisi. Esempi di cori “primitivi”, quindi, la cui scarsa visibilità dell’altare liturgico diede il via a una vivace sperimentazione che produsse, all’interno dell’ordine, risultati architettonici differenti in tutta l’Italia centrale e oltre. È quindi possibile considerare S. Angelo di Panzo come uno dei primissimi centri di sperimentazione architettonica dell’ordine damianita.
Catholic Impact Evolution Through Public Twitter Data During COVID-19
Authors: Marín Enrique Caño , González-Tejero Cristina Blanco , García María Guijarro , García F. Javier Sendra
Published: July 2022

During the Covid-19 crisis, many networks have sprung up disseminating information. This study examines the influence of religion during the Covid-19 pandemic. It understands religion as a factor capable of mitigating frustrations and critical situations in society. To this end, a data mining analysis was developed for a set of 107,786 tweets collected from the social platform Twitter in the framework of user-generated content (UGC), linked to the Covid-19 related tweets published by @Pontifex and @Pontifex_es. To achieve this goal, hidden insight data extraction and sentiment analysis are carried out, along with the application of Social Network Analysis (SNA) techniques. The main outcome of the study is the positive correlation between the repercussion of the Pope’s tweets and the evolution of the Covid-19 incidence in Europe. Finally, the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) algorithm identifies the relevant topics in the analysis.
Density-Based Machine Learning Scheme for Outlier Detection in Smart Forest Fire Monitoring Sensor Cloud
Authors: Dwivedi Rajendra Kumar
Published: July 2022

Sensor Cloud is an integration of sensor networks with cloud where sensed data is stored and processed in the cloud. The applications of sensor cloud can be seen in forest fire monitoring, healthcare system, and other Internet-of-Things systems. Outliers may present within this data due to malicious activities, low-quality sensors, or node deployment in harsh environments. Such outliers must be detected timely for effective decision making. Many clustering-based machine learning schemes for outlier detection have been devised. However, accuracy of these techniques can be further improved. This paper proposes a density-based machine learning scheme (DBS) for outlier detection which is implemented in Python and executed on the two datasets of different forest fire monitoring networks. DBS makes density-based clusters of all data points where outliers lie in low-density region. The use of a density-based model in the proposed approach improves precision, throughput, and accuracy. DBS outperforms the existing Mean Shift and K Means based clustering schemes with maximum accuracy 98.40%.
Efficient Cryptographic Protocol Design for Secure Sharing of Personal Health Records in the Cloud
Authors: Sukte Chudaman Devidasrao , Mark Emmanuel , Deshmukh Ratnadeep R.
Published: July 2022

The sharing of Personal Health Records (PHR) in the cloud is the most promising platform to exchange health-related information. However, personal medical and health information storage is outsourced to third parties, potentially exposing patients' privacy to unauthorized individuals or groups. This paper intends to propose a new SSPHR (Secure Sharing PHR) method in the cloud. The proposed SSPHR method can preserve the privacy of PHRs and also ensures patient-centric control on PHRs. The encrypted PHRs are stored on the untrusted cloud servers and it grants selective access to different users on different PHRs portions. In addition, a semi-trusted proxy known as Setup and Re-encryption Server (SRS) is presented to arrange the public/private key pairs and to generate the re-encryption keys. This paper introduces a new Modified El-Gamal encryption for preserving health records and it includes key generation, encryption, and decryption process. Finally, the proposed model performance is compared and proven against other existing methods.
16S rRNA gene identification of airborne pathogenic bacteria isolated from bioaerosols of wastewater treatment plant
Authors: Moubarz Gehan , Saad-Hussein Amal , Elfiky Asmaa M.
Published: July 2022

Background and objective

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) represent a source of airborne bacteria. The presence of airborne bacteria in the environment of WWTPs could be considered as a potential health hazard for the exposed workers. This study aimed to isolate and identify cultivable bacteria from bioaerosols of different sites in a WWTP using 16S rRNA gene identification, as a first step to identify the pathogenic health hazards among the exposed workers.

Materials and methods

Air samples were collected from various locations in a selected WWTP. Airborne microorganism samples were collected on the nutrient agar plates by the settle-plate technique and were identified by the 16S rRNA gene sequencing technique.

Results

A total of 32 bacterial isolates were collected and sequenced. The study identified 25 different bacterial species. Of the 25 different strains, 10 (40%) belonged to pathogenic bacteria. Overall, 40% of the isolated pathogenic species were from the secretary room locations. The isolated bacterial species were Staphylococcus sp., Bacillus sp., Rhodococcus sp., Cellulosimicrobium funkei, Kytococcus sedentarius, and Kocuria rosea. The highest percentage occurrence was Bacillus sp. (37.5%), followed by Staphylococcus
sp. (18.75%).

Conclusions

Disseminated infection can be associated with isolated pathogen, and this result gives a warning of the danger of the spread of pathogenic aerobic bacteria in WWTPs and their existence in indoor environments.
Management of strawberry gray mold disease using some essential oils and molecular identification of pathogen fungus
Authors: Hanafy Eid K. , Ragab Mona M.M. , Zayton Marwa Abd-Elateef , Abd-El-Kareem Farid , Abouelnasr Hesham
Published: July 2022

Background

Evaluation of preharvest application with some essential oils (EOs) for controlling gray mold disease of strawberry plants was studied.

Objective

In vitro trails, five EOs, that is, thyme, nerol, citral, methyl anthranilate, and clove oils, were evaluated for their capability to suppress fungal growth of Botrytis cinerea. At the National Center for Biotechnology Information, alignment showed the percentage of identity (100%) of B. cinerea between our isolates and Gene bank isolate.

Materials and methods

Five EOs were evaluated for their capability to suppress fungal linear growth of B. cinerea. Certain volume of each oil was added to autoclaved potato dextrose agar medium flasks to obtain the proposed concentrations of 00.0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0% with 0.1% Tween-80. Molecular identification using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rRNA Trimmed sequences (ITS 573 bp) was conducted.

Results

and conclusion B. cinerea isolate no. 3 was identified molecular using the ITS region of rRNA Trimmed sequences (ITS 573 bp) compared with different isolates of B. cinerea. All tested oils significantly reduced linear growth of B. cinerea fungus. Complete inhibition was obtained with concentration of 1.0% with all tested EOs and at 0.5% with thyme, citral, and methyl anthranilate, whereas concentration 0.25% showed moderate effect. Moreover, in vivo trails all tested EOs treatments at concentration of 0.5% significantly reduced disease incidence under natural infection. The most effective treatments are citral, methyl anthranilate, and thyme that reduced the disease incidence by 64.3%, 67.9%, and 67.9% on average at 5°C and 75.8%, 82.3%, and77.4% on average at 20°C, respectively, whereas other treatments showed moderate effect. The same trend was observed with disease severity. Meanwhile, under artificial infection, the highest reduction was obtained with citral, methyl anthranilate, and thyme that reduced the disease incidence by 68.2%, 75.0%, and 68.0% at 5°C and 76.0%, 77.0%, and 78.0% on average at 20°C, respectively. However, other treatments showed moderate effect. The same trend was observed with disease severity. As for fruit quality, all tested treatment had no negative effect on all tested characters of fruit quality. The most effective treatments are citral, methyl anthranilate, and thyme that reduced the decay incidence by 71.0%, 71.0%, and 69.3% and weight loss percentage by 79.4%, 78.2%, and 78.8%, respectively. Also, other treatments showed moderate effect, whereas methyl anthranilate, followed by thyme and clove increased the total soluble solid by 56.9%, 41.4%, and 36.2%, respectively. As for total soluble phenol, the highest increase was obtained with all tested oils. As for, titratable acidity, there are no significant differences between all tested treatments as compared with control fruits.
Urinary follicle-stimulating hormone is not different than recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone on embryo quality and karyotype makeup during induction of ovulation in women with recurrent pregnancy failure
Authors: Mohamed Nada A. , Ahmed Amr E. , Azmy Osama M. , Kamel Solaf A. , Hashem Khalid S.
Published: July 2022

Background and objectives

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is critical for the onset and duration of follicular development. This can be promoted medically by drugs such as follitropin beta and recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (rFSH) technology. The former is purified from CHO cell culture supernatant (111 amino acid) and has a high biochemical purity (>99%), with specific biological activity (about 10 000 IU/mg protein), and no luteinizing hormone activity. The drugs used for ovulation induction during in vitro fertilization may affect the number and quality of follicles produced. This in turn may affect the quality and the integrity of the embryos generated. Bad-quality embryos may cause recurrent pregnancy failure. We aimed to assess the relationship of urinary follicle-stimulating hormone (uFSH) versus recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (rFSH) drugs in producing embryos with chromosomal abnormalities.

Patients and methods

Seven women were enrolled for the intracytoplasmic sperm injection trial: Three had highly purified uFSH and four had rFSH. All embryos had blastomere extraction on day 3 after injection but the preimplantation genetic screening was carried out 6 weeks after embryo transfer. Only one embryo was transferred to each woman.

Results and conclusion

The results revealed that there was no difference between the two drugs in terms of number and quality of embryos fertilized or abnormal karyotype assessed. Overall, 71% of the women included had some form of chromosomal abnormality (4/7). However, two of them miscarried between 2 and 3 weeks later. Either of uFSH or rFSH did not improve the quality or integrity of the embryos. However, preimplantation genetic screening is a valuable tool in the selection of embryos in assisted conception cycles to increase the take-home baby rate.
Novel use of flexible video ureteroscope in airway management: A case series
Authors: Singh Shivinder , Trivedi Shaleen , Chawla Vikas , Bhardwaj Ajit
Published: July 2022

Fibreoptic bronchoscopes are vital for difficult airway management. However, many a times, it is not available. Also, the correct size may not be available, especially for use in paediatrics and neonates. We describe the use of a flexible fibreoptic video ureteroscope, as an alternative to a bronchoscope, for airway management. We include five cases of airway management using a 2.8 mm fibreoptic video ureteroscope. The use of a flexible video ureteroscope was successful in all the five cases, and all the patients tolerated the procedure well. No complications were encountered. We conclude that a video ureteroscope can be used for both elective and rescue airway management in small children as well as in adult patients.
Estimation of the minimum effective volume of 0.5% bupivacaine for ultrasound-guided popliteal sciatic nerve block in diabetic patients with neuropathy
Authors: Parthasarathy Srinivasan , Chanda Avijit , Saravanan Balachandar
Published: July 2022

Background and Aims:

The safety of conventional regional nerve block techniques in patients with established neuropathies, such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), is still unclear. We designed this prospective dose finding study to identify the minimum effective local anaesthetic volume of 0.5% bupivacaine for ultrasound-guided subparaneural popliteal sciatic nerve block in 90% of DPN patients undergoing below-knee surgery (MELAV90).

Methods:

Fifty-three patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy and scheduled for below knee surgical procedure received popliteal sciatic nerve block under ultrasound guidance. The initial local anaesthetic volume used was 10 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine. The subsequent local anaesthetic volume allocation was based on biased-coin-design. Accordingly, the local anaesthetic volume given to each subject was based on the block outcome of the previous patient. The study included patients prospectively until 45 successful blocks were obtained. The primary measurement was the minimum effective local anaesthetic volume resulting in a successful subparaneural popliteal sciatic nerve block in 90% of DPN patients. The MELAV90 was calculated using isotonic regression and a 95% confidence interval bootstrapping method.

Results:

The study included 53 patients to obtain 45 successful blocks. The MELAV90 of 0.5% bupivacaine was obtained at 5.85 ml (95% confidence interval, 5.72 to 6.22 ml). Eight patients needed supplemental anaesthesia to complete the surgery. No other complications were noted.

Conclusion:

For patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy undergoing below-knee surgery, the MELAV90 of 0.5% bupivacaine for subparaneural popliteal sciatic nerve to achieve surgical anaesthesia was 5.85 ml.
Preoperative amylmetacresol and dichlorobenzyl alcohol with lignocaine lozenge reduces postoperative sore throat following general anaesthesia using supraglottic airway devices: A double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Sundaraj Sebastian , Shariffuddin Ina Ismiarti , Chaw Sook Hui , Zakaria Wan Aizat Wan , Ng Kevin Wei Shan , Ruslan Shairil Rahayu
Published: July 2022

Background and Aims:

Postoperative sore throat (POST) is an undesirable event reported in up to 62% of patients receiving general anaesthesia (GA). The incidence of POST following GA using a supraglottic airway device (SAD) is approximately 50%, with symptoms persisting up to 48 h. We examined the role of preoperative lozenges containing amylmetacresol and dichlorobenzyl alcohol (AMC/DCBA) with lignocaine (Strepsils® Max Plus) in reducing the incidence and intensity of POST following GA using SAD.

Methods:

We conducted a prospective, double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled trial involving 88 adults receiving GA for elective surgery using SAD not exceeding 2 h. Patients received either Strepsils Max Plus (Strepsils-LA group) or a placebo before induction of GA. The incidence and intensity of sore throat, dysphagia and dysphonia was measured using the Verbal Rating Scale at 30 min (early) and at 24 h (late) after removal of SAD.

Results:

Overall POST incidence was lower in the Strepsils-LA group (27.7% versus 56.8%, P = 0.007). Patients in the Strepsils-LA group reported a significantly lower incidence of early POST (14.9% versus 37.8%, P = 0.016) with a lower mean ± standard deviation intensity score (0.17 ± 0.43 versus 0.49 ± 0.69, P = 0.016). Although the overall incidence of dysphagia was lower (23.4% versus 48.6%, P = 0.016), more patients experienced dysphonia in the Strepsils-LA group. AMC/DCBA with lignocaine lozenges showed a relative risk reduction of 50% and a number needed to treat of 4 in reducing POST.

Conclusion:

AMC/DCBA with lignocaine lozenges administered before GA using SAD is a simple and safe method to reduce the incidence and severity of POST.
Platform switching technique
Authors: Pradeepkumar V. , Nautiyal Aruna , Bali Shweta , Aggarwal Priyanka
Published: July 2022

Modern dentistry aims to facilitate the patient to achieve excellent oral health. An ideal implant prosthesis can not only provide normal muscle activity, thereby improving the functions of mastication, but also improve esthetics profoundly. Among the factors involved to attain good esthetic result with implants, the correct positioning of the implant is one of the most important factors, along with preserving the integrity of gingival margins and interdental papillae. Preserving crestal bone is paramount, while planning for implant placement as it accumulates bacteria and leads to secondary peri-implantitis. Hence, the objective of this review article is to highlight the advantages of platform technique as compared to conventional treatment approach.
Ocular trauma
Authors: Pawaiya Shikha , Aggarwal Sarita , Arora Rashmeet , Sharma Vikrant , Kumar Akshay , Rao Sagarika , Jawa Aarav
Published: July 2022

Background:

According to the WHO, ocular injury results in 19 million people to become unilateral blind and 1.6 million to become bilateral blind. Ocular trauma constitutes a major part of preventable blindness. The following study was done to identify the demographic profile of the patients and nature of ocular trauma for developing acceptable methods for better management and early visual rehabilitation of patients.

Aim:

The aim was to study various demographic patterns and manifestations of ocular injuries.

Methods:

This hospital-based prospective study was carried out in the Department of Ophthalmology. One hundred cases of ocular trauma were included, and written consents were obtained. A detailed history specific to age, occupation, time of injury, type of object causing injury, and socioeconomic status of the patient was obtained through prestructured pretested pro forma. A detailed ocular examination along with a systemic examination was carried out.

Results:

In the present study, 24% of the cases were in the age group of 40–50 years. Sixty-five percent of the population was male. Thirty-one percent of the population presented within 24 h of trauma, 61% within 3 days, and 25% presented after 7 days. Ninety-five percent of the patients had unilateral trauma and 5% had bilateral trauma. Sixty-two percent of the patients had suffered from road traffic accidents, 25% had work-related trauma, whereas, in 13% of cases, trauma was at home. Blunt objects, foreign bodies, and sharp objects were the top three causes of trauma, accounting for 26%, 23%, and 15% of trauma cases, respectively; it was found that the anterior segment was involved in 74% of cases, the posterior segment in 4% of cases, and combined injury was in 22% of the cases.

Conclusion:

Most of the eye injuries can be prevented by educating people on various modes of ocular trauma, the need for early treatment, and importance of wearing safety eye gear. This study highlights on the epidemiology of ocular trauma as well as various preventive strategies.
Effect of Chronic Consumption of Smokeless Tobacco (Snuff) on Liver Enzymes of Males in Maiduguri, Northeast Nigeria
Authors: Musa A.H. , Abdulmajid I.A. , Haruna B.A , Ismaila J.
Published: July 2022

Smokeless tobacco snuff consumption is as dangerous as cigarette smoking. It is now considered a significant source of morbidity and mortality owing to the effect of the numerous chemical constituents. Thus, this study was designed to investigate the effect of chronic consumption of Smokeless Tobacco (Snuff) on Liver Enzymes of males in Maiduguri and its environs, Northeast Nigeria. In this study we recruited 109 individuals who were smokeless tobacco snuffers and 97 healthy controls. It was a prospective case control study performed in adult males (30-50 years and 23 – 48 years for case and control respectively) with mean age of the case and control subjects of 37.12 ± 10.21and 33.64 ± 3.29 respectively. Serum Alanine amino transferase (ALT), Serum Aspartate amino transferase (AST) and serum Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were estimated using kinetic methods by Cobas C311(Roche/Hitachi) chemistry auto analyzer. The estimated Serum AST, ALT, and ALP, levels were compared using un-paired student's t test between the two groups. Also, the liver enzyme levels were evaluated based on the duration of the smokeless tobacco consumption and correlation was determined. The age range of the study subjects was between 30 and 50 years and the mean age of the Case and control subjects were 37.12 ± 10.21and 33.64 ± 3.29 respectively. The mean(average) of the duration of tobacco snuff intake was 10.52 ± 7.02 years. The mean Serum level of AST, ALT, and ALP of tobacco snuffers were found to be higher (15.45 ± 3.32, 22.00 ± 5.10 and 22.00 ± 5.10 respectively) as compared to controls (10.42 ± 2.36, 8.88 ± 3.14 and 31.14 ± 4.60 for AST, ALT and ALP respectively) and the differences were statistically significant at p< 0.05. Also, the serum levels of the liver enzymes (AST, ALT, and ALP) were evaluated according to duration of snuff intake and the liver enzymes were found to be higher in people who uses the tobacco snuff for 11-20 years. However, the duration of the snuff intake was correlated with the serum levels of the liver enzymes. There was strong correlation between duration of snuff intake and serum levels of AST and ALT (r=0.648 and r=0.741 respectively) and the relationship were statistically significant at p<0.05. But the serum level of ALP was weekly correlated with the duration of snuff intake and the relationship was not statistically significant at p>0.05. From the results of the current study and the literature reviewed it is evident that tobacco snuff may likely be one of the causes of several liver diseases. Therefore, our study might be helpful in creating awareness on the hazards of using smokeless tobacco products (Snuff), among our population who are using smokeless tobacco.
Ficus Capensis Modulates Oxidative Stress Parameters in Cyanide Induced Rats
Authors: Kadiri Helen Ejiro , Irene Leleji
Published: July 2022

The sub-acute effect of F. capensis was assessed on the oxidative stress markers in the kidney of rats following exposure to cyanide. These effects were compared to those of sodium thiosulphate (Na2S2O3), a classical antidote of cyanide toxicity. The rats were divided into 9 groups of 5 animals each. Group 1: rats (normal control); Group 2: rats were exposed to 3mg/kg of cyanide; group 3: cyanide induced rats that received 660mg/kg sodium thiosulphate pentahydrate and 6.6 mg/kg sodium nitrite; group 4 and 5: rats exposed to cyanide, pre-treated with 200 and 400mg/kg extract respectively; group 6 and 7: rats were exposed to cyanide, post-treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg extract respectively; group 8 and 9: rats exposed to cyanide, co-treated with 200 and 400mg/kg extract respectively. The study lasted for 28 days after which the rats were sacrificed and kidney homogenates were collected for biochemical assays. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in Groups 2 rats (367.99±17.73Units/g tissue) was significantly increased in the kidney relative to the control (148.92±4.50 Units/g tissue). This was accompanied with a decrease in antioxidant enzymes Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) (7.81±2.45 Units/g of tissue), Catalase (CAT) (34.33±1.73 Units/g of tissue), compared with the control (16.18±0.42 units/g of tissue) and 64.82±8.91 units/g tissue respectively. Pre-administration of F. capensis extract significantly increased these antioxidant extract reduced lipid peroxidation in the kidney and increased antioxidant status of animals exposed to cyanide and was more effective at 400 mg/kg dose.
Human Hair Waste Addition on Performance of Plain Concrete
Authors: Shohag J. M. R. I. , Islam K. K. , Bhuiyan M. N. I.
Published: July 2022

Many researchers were endeavoring to up-heave the physical and mechanical properties of concrete sporadically. New methods and experiments are being successfully applied for revamping in the era of waste recyclable technology with proper application of the waste material in concrete as fiber material. These present studies have been undertaken to study the variation of concrete properties adding human hair as fiber reinforcement in concrete. At present male human hair is contemplated as no degradable substance as well as polluted materials for environment that are obtainable in plethora at cheap cost. Human hair used as fiber reinforcement reduces environmental pollution along with concrete’s weakness in tension. In this study, naturally available male human hair was collected, cleaned and added to plain concrete. Performance of plain concrete was investigated with addition of various percentages of human hair in concrete. For this purpose several normal concrete tubes as well as several number of concrete tubes with addition of 0%, 1%, 1.5% and 2% human hair as fiber reinforcement were experimented. It can be observed that compressive strength & split tensile strength of concrete was found maximum while addition of 2% & 1.5% male human hair respectively used in concrete considering as fiber material.
Pengaruh gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dan Kinerja Guru Terhadap Mutu Pendidikan
Authors: Artilah Artilah , Gunawan Agus , Muin Abdul
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan kinerja guru terhadap mutu pendidikan di SMK Insan Aqilah 1 KOTA SERANG dan SMK pgri4 kota serang.   meningkatkan mutu pedidikan di SMK Smk insan aqilah dan di SMK PGRI 4 kota serang.

Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Survei. Populasi terjangkau adalah dewan guru di SMK Se-Kecamata Sukamulya sebanyak 60 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu angket Variabel X1 (gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah ) 30 soal yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitas, angket Variabel X2 (kinerja guru) sebanyak 30 soal yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitas, dan angket Variabel Y (Mutu Pendidikan) guru sebanyak 30 soal yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitas; Analisis data mengunakan Regresi Sederhan.

Berdasarkan hasil uji regresi ganda dapat diketahui terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara Manajemen Sarana Prasarana dan Mutu Tenaga Pendidik terhadap Mutu Pembelajaran. Hal ini X1, X2 dan Y adalah Ŷ = ɑ +b1X2 = 13,50 + 0,29X1 + 0,47 X2 , artinya jika X1 dan X2 diabaikan maka Y sebesar 13,50 dan setiap penambahan 1 point pada X1 akan memberikan tambahan Y sebesar 0,29 dan setiap penambahan 1 point pada X2 akan memberikan tambahan Y sebesar 0,47. Persamaan regresi ini signifikan dengan taraf signifikan 0,05 di peroleh Ftabel sebesar 3,83. Karena Fhitung > Ftabel 3,83 > 4,98, maka tolak H0 dan terima H1 dengan demikian terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan kinerja guru terhadap mutu pendidikan dismk insan aqilah 1 kota serang dan SMK pgri4 kota serang
Pengaruh Digital Food Influencer Terhadap Minat Beli
Authors: Anggraini Aldila , Hwa Mi
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh digital food influencer (X) terhadap minat beli (Y). pada penelitian ini digunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah konsumen kuline yang menjadi potensial dalam ulasan kuliner dari food influencer. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data untuk menunjang penelitian ini menggunakan studi literatur yang dikumpulkan melalui jurnal, buku, dan internet. Hasil dari lima penelititan yang telah penulis teliti menyatakan bahwa food Influencer mempengaruhi minat beli
Pengaruh Brand Ambassador Terhadap Brand Image Perusahaan E-Commerce
Authors: Angelita Anggi , Junior Dery , Tanaga Sutedjo Yudhistira , Mulyandi M. Rachman
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh brand ambassador terhadap brand image E-Commerce (Y). penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif pendekatan deskriptif. Populasi penelitian ini ialah para pengguna aplikasi E-Commerce dan juga penggemar di Indonesia. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan studi literatur yang berasal dari jurnal dan juga internet. Hasil dari penelitian ini yang berdasarkan dari lima penelitian yang telah peneliti teliti menyatakan bahwa brand ambassador mempengaruhi brand image perusahaan e-commerce
Pengaruh Kualitas Audit, Audit Fee, Dan Intensitas Modal Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak Dengan Komisaris Independen Sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Andi Ghifary Rivan , Muchlish Munawar , Sri Tjahjono Mazda Eko , Citra Febrianto Fery
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kualitas audit, audit fee, dan intensitas modal terhadap agresivitas pajak dengan komisaris independen sebagai variabel moderasi. Popoulasi penelitian ini adalah perusahaan pertambangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2016-2020 dan sampel yang diuji sebanyak 95 data yang diambil berdasarkan metode purposive sampling. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder berupa laporan tahunan dan laporan keuangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda dan moderated regression analysis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa audit fee dan intensitas modal berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap agresivitas pajak, sedangkan kualitas audit tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap agresivitas pajak. Komisaris independen memoderasi dengan memperlemah hubungan audit fee terhadap agresivitas pajak. Namun, komisaris independen tidak dapat memoderasi pengaruh kualitas audit dan intensitas modal terhadap agresivitas pajak
SCRUB TYPHUS PRESENTING AS LOBAR PNEUMONIA: A CASE REPORT ON UNCOMMON PRESENTATION OF SCRUB TYPHUS
Authors: Srinithi Ravikumar , Ramya Ramanadhan , Krithika Arumpuliyur Pattabiraman , Sundari Subramanian
Published: July 2022

Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness which is noted in children increasingly nowadays but it is often underdiagnosed mostly due to its atypical presentation. In this report, we present a case of 10 years old boy, who was initially diagnosed as lobar pneumonia but later confirmed to be suffering from scrub typhus infection. The child had typical clinical as well as radiological features of community-acquired pneumonia. Further investigations were done due to non-response to initial treatment which led to the diagnosis of scrub typhus infection. Specific treatment with doxycycline showed dramatic response and the child improved clinically. So it is absolutely essential for the treating physician to have high index of suspicion of this re-emerging infectious disease.
Katener Sistemlerindeki İzolatör Kusurlarının Derin Öğrenme ile Tespiti
Authors: KARADUMAN Gülşah , AKIN Erhan , BİNAY Berkan , DİLEKLİ Miraç
Published: July 2022

İzolatörler elektrikli demiryolu hatlarında katener sistemlerin en önemli bileşenleridir. İzolatörlerde meydana gelen kırıklar veya yanmalar ulaşımda kesintilere neden olmaktadır. Bu kesintiler de özellikle yüksek hızlı ray hatlarında güvenli çalışmayı engeller. İzolatörlerdeki arızaların erken bir aşamada tespit edilmesi katener sistemlerine en uygun zamanda müdahale etmeyi ve izolatör kaynaklı kazaları engellemeyi sağlayacaktır. Bu makalede katener sistemlerindeki izolatörleri arızalı ya da sağlam olarak sınıflandırmak için derin öğrenme tabanlı bir yöntem önerilmektedir. Çalışmada 1100 adet izolatör görüntüsü içeren bir veri seti kullanılmıştır. Bu veri setindeki görüntüler ResNet34 derin öğrenme mimarisi ile eğitilmiş ve test edilmiştir. Önerilen mimari ile izolatörlerdeki arızalar %95,7 doğruluk, %99 kesinlik ve %96,6 duyarlılık değerleriyle sınıflandırılmıştır. Bu değerler gerçekleştirilen çalışmanın katener sistemlerindeki izolatörlerdeki arıza tespiti için güvenilir bir yöntem olduğunu göstermektedir.
Significance of Biomarkers of Liver Fibrosis and Cirrhosis Progression in Chronic Viral Hepatitis C in Patients with HIV Infection
Authors:   Doctor of Medical Sciences, Scientific research institute of virology of the republican specialized scientific-practical medical center of epidemiology, microbiology, infectious and parasitic diseases, Bayjanov Allabergan Kadirovich
Published: July 2022

This paper presents the results of a study of liver density and an assessment of liver fibrosis markers in 137 patients with HIV infection associated with chronic viral hepatitis C. Activation of the production of interleukin-6 (IL-6), increased regeneration in hepatocytes, which predetermine the outcome of chronic viral hepatitis C into cirrhosis, were revealed. Significant pathogenetic factors that mark liver density were APRI index, albumin, platelets and IL-6. Normal liver density was established at APRI ≤0.50. 1 and 2-degree of fibrosis - F1-2 = with APRI > 0.50 and ≤0.91, 3-degree of liver fibrosis - F3 - with > 0.91 and ≤1.02, liver cirrhosis of HCV etiology with APRI > 1.02. The IL-6 index showed a high correlation with the degrees of liver fibrosis. IL-6 allowed to exclude liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C at ≤3.6 pg/ml. A rapid rate of progression of liver fibrosis was detected at APRI>0.74 and AFP>3.25 IU/ml. A good predictive value for the diagnosis of the transition of chronic hepatitis C to liver cirrhosis was shown by IL-6 at > 7.12 pg/ml (sensitivity 72.5% and specificity 92.2%).
Komodifikasi Ritual Tiwah Suku Dayak Ngaju Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur
Authors: Lestari Ayu Dina , Saragih Hendra Maujana , Lestari Dewi
Published: July 2022

Upacara Ritual Tiwah yang berasal Dari suku Dayak Ngaju Kalimantan Tengah, Upacara Ritual Tiwah, Upacara adat suku Dayak Ngaju, yang Khususnya Agama Hindu Kaharingan, Upacara Ritual Tiwah Ini bertujuan untuk menghantarkan Roh atau Arwah ke surga. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan karya ilmiah adalah melalui metode penelitian kualitatif, yang berlokasi di kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur, yang menjadi informan, tokoh adat, dinas kebudayaan dan pariwisata, serta kalangan masyarakat, sedangkan sumber data yang digunakan yaitu primer dan sekunder,teknik pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara ,observasi , dokumentasi,teori yang digunakan yaitu Teori Komodifikasi .Dari hasil penelitian, bahwa Upacara ritual Tiwah masyarakat suku Dayak Ngaju kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur , yang harus dilestarikan oleh masyarakat karena mempunyai potensi untuk menarik wisatawan, serta nila-nilai tradisi yang terkandung., serta mempunyai rasa sosial yang tinggi dan kekerabatan yang tinggi. Lembaga-lembaga budaya dan pariwisata ,Upacara Ritual Tiwah ini sebuah acara yang sangat besar atau disebut dengan pesta Tiwah. Potensi Upacara Ritual Tiwah yang ada di Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur, adalah sebagai penunjang kegiatan pariwisata daerah yang dalam pengelolaan memerlukan peran lembaga atau pekerja ,seni budaya, untuk memotivasi sebagai bentuk usaha menghidupkan, mengembangkan, melestarikan sebuah budaya.Kata Kunci: Upacara Ritual Tiwah, Pariwisata.
Telaah Kritis Organisasi Kerjasama Islam (OKI) dan World Uyghur Congress (WUC) Terhadap Pelanggaran HAM yang terjadi pada Etnis Uighur China
Authors: Afriandi Edo , Hati Adinda Permata
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan respon WUC dan OKI dalam menyuarakan isu pelanggaran HAM terhadap masyarakat Uighur. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh sistem re-education camp yang dijalankan oleh pemerintah Cina terhadap masyarakat Uighur di Xinjiang serta bentuk-bentuk pelanggaran HAM lainnya. Peneliti menggunaka teori Organisasi Internasional (OI) dan teori Organisasi Internasional Non-Pemerintah sebagai kerangka pemikiran. Tingkat analisis yang digunakan untuk peneliti ini adalah sistem internasional. Kajian ini kemudian menemukan jawaban bahwa OKI cenderung pasif dan tidak tegas dalam menyikapi kasus ini, sementara WUC masih perlu bekerja lebih keras dalam upayanya agar pemerintah Cina segera menghentikan tindakan represifnya terhadap komunitas Uighur.Kata Kunci:  WUC, OKI, Uighur, Organisasi Internasional, Organisasi Internasional Non-Pemerintah, Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia.
Epidemiology of Trachoma among Children in a War Zone: Prevalence and Risk Factors for Trachoma in Rural Areas During the Siege and War in Yemen
Authors:   The Eye Consultation Center, Sana’a City, Yemen, Al-Shamahi Essam Yahiya , Al-Shamahi Emad Hassan ,   Opthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University, Republic of Yemen
Published: July 2022

Background and Aims: Trachoma has historical and continuing significance as a major cause of vision loss, with an essentially disproportionate impact on the poorest individuals in the poorest communities as in Yemen now under siege and war especially in rural areas. There is no awareness among local and national governments of this disease as a public health problem of top priority in Yemen. However, there is no evidence or no survey/research data or document regarding the prevalence of trachoma in the distract of Bani Matter, in Sana’a Governorate, Yemen. Therefore, we conducted a study to assess the prevalence of active trachoma and associated factors in this rural area.