bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nonasymptotic bounds for the quadratic risk of the Grenander estimator
Authors: Shashiashvili Malkhaz
Published: April 2020

There is an enormous literature on the so-called Grenander estimator, which is merely the nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator of a nonincreasing probability density on [0, 1] (see, for instance, Grenander (1981)), but unfortunately, there is no nonasymptotic (i.e. for arbitrary finite sample size n) explicit upper bound for the quadratic risk of the Grenander estimator readily applicable in practice by statisticians. In this paper, we establish, for the first time, a simple explicit upper bound 2n−1/2 for the latter quadratic risk. It turns out to be a straightforward consequence of an inequality valid with probability one and bounding from above the integrated squared error of the Grenander estimator by the Kolmogorov–Smirnov statistic.
Preliminary analysis of the X-ray emission from the central regions of the Pictor A
Authors: Thimmappa R. , Stawarz Ł. , Balasubramaniam K. , Marchenko V.
Published: April 2020

Here we present some preliminary results of our analysis of the combined Chandra observations of the Pictor A radio galaxy. All the available Chandra data for the target, consisting of multiple pointings spanning over 15 years and amounting to the total exposure time of 464 ks, have been included in the analysis. We studied in detail the PSFs of the core region in the individual pointings, as well as the radial profile of the X-ray surface brightness of the source in the combined dataset, in order to discriminate between the radiative output of the unresolved core and the host galaxy. Based on these, we have performed spectral modeling of the active nucleus, constraining its variability.
Fully analytical solutions for Bondi accretion in galaxies with a central Black Hole
Authors: Ciotti Luca , Pellegrini Silvia
Published: April 2020

The fully analytical solution for isothermal Bondi accretion on a black hole (MBH) at the center of JJ two-component Jaffe (1983) galaxy models is presented. In JJ models the stellar and total mass density distributions are described by the Jaffe profile, with different scale-lengths and masses, and to which a central MBH is added; all the relevant stellar dynamical properties can also be derived analytically. In these new accretion solutions the hydrodynamical and stellar dynamical properties are linked by imposing that the gas temperature is proportional to the virial temperature of the stellar component. The formulae that are provided allow to evaluate all flow properties, and are then useful for estimates of the accretion radius and the mass flow rate when modeling accretion on MBHs at the center of galaxies.
Thermal and non-thermal connection in radio mini-halos
Authors: Ignesti A. , Brunetti G. , Gitti M. , Giacintucci S.
Published: April 2020

Several cool-core clusters are known to host a radio mini-halo, a diffuse, steep-spectrum radio source located in their cores, thus probing the presence of non-thermal components as magnetic field and relativistic particles on scales not directly influenced by the central AGN. The nature of the mechanism that produces a population of radio-emitting relativistic particles on the scale of hundreds of kiloparsecs is still unclear. At the same time, it is still debated if the central AGN may play a role in the formation of mini-halos by providing the seed of the relativistic particles. We aim to investigate these open issues by studying the connection between thermal and non-thermal components of the intra-cluster medium. We performed a point-to-point analysis of the radio and the X-ray surface brightness of a compilation of mini-halos. We find that mini-halos have super-linear scalings between radio and X-rays, with radio brightness declining more steeply than the X-ray brightness. This trend is opposite to that generally observed in giant radio halos, thus marking a possible difference in the physics of the two radio sources. Finally, using the scalings between radio and X-rays and assuming a hadronic origin of mini-halos we derive constraints on the magnetic field in the core of the hosting clusters.
Ultrasmall aqueous starch-capped CuS quantum dots with tunable localized surface plasmon resonance and composition for the selective and sensitive detection of mercury(ii) ions
Authors: Raj S. Irudhaya , Jaiswal Adhish , Uddin Imran
Published: April 2020

Colorimetric response of CuS QDs with mercury ions.
Electronic structure and second-order nonlinear optical properties of lemniscular [16]cycloparaphenylene compounds
Authors: Gong Li-jing , Ma Cheng , Lin Wan-feng , Lv Jin-kai , Zhang Xiang-yu
Published: April 2020

The nonlinear optical property of the studied compounds were studied with the aid of the DFT calculations.
Magnetic response of FeRh to static and dynamic disorder
Authors: Eggert Benedikt , Schmeink Alexander , Lill Johanna , Liedke Maciej Oskar , Kentsch Ulrich , Butterling Maik , Wagner Andreas , Pascarelli Sakura , Potzger Kay , Lindner Jürgen , Thomson Thomas , Fassbender Jürgen , Ollefs Katharina , Keune Werner , Bali Rantej , Wende Heiko
Published: April 2020

This study shows the similarity of the thermally-driven (dynamic disorder) and structural disorder-driven (static disorder) magnetic phase transition in B2-FeRh.
Bioderived ionic liquid-based pretreatment enhances methane production from Agave tequilana bagasse
Authors: Pérez-Pimienta José A. , Icaza-Herrera José P. A. , Méndez-Acosta Hugo O. , González-Álvarez Victor , Méndoza-Pérez Jorge A. , Arreola-Vargas Jorge
Published: April 2020

Methane conversion is enhanced by optimized bioderived ionic-liquid pretreated Agave tequilana bagasse with in-depth biomass characterization analysis.
Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency Presenting as Acute Liver Failure in Girls
Authors: Selvanathan Arthavan , Hertzog Ashley , Lemberg Daniel A. , Ellaway Carolyn
Published: April 2020

Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD) is the most common of the urea cycle disorders and follows an X‐linked inheritance pattern. The classical form in male infants causes vomiting and lethargy in the neonatal period; if untreated the severe hyperammonaemia can cause acute neurotoxic complications and permanent disability. OTCD may also occur in heterozygote female individuals, though the manifestations are variable. We report 2 cases of female paediatric patients with OTCD, who presented with acute liver failure. Both patients had limited oral intake at the time of presentation, causing an absence of orotic aciduria, which delayed the diagnosis. These cases demonstrate the need to consider urea cycle disorders in children presenting with acute liver failure, and that repeating the urine metabolic screen at the time of an unrestricted diet is warranted if there is a high clinical suspicion.
Indoor transmission of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Qian Hua , Miao Te , Liu Li , Zheng Xiaohong , Luo Danting , Li Yuguo
Published: April 2020

Background

By early April 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic had infected nearly one million people and had spread to nearly all countries worldwide. It is essential to understand where and how SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted.

Methods

Case reports were extracted from the local Municipal Health Commissions of 320 prefectural cities (municipalities) in China, not including Hubei province, between 4 January and 11 February 2020. We identified all outbreaks involving three or more cases and reviewed the major characteristics of the enclosed spaces in which the outbreaks were reported and associated indoor environmental issues.

Results

Three hundred and eighteen outbreaks with three or more cases were identified, involving 1245 confirmed cases in 120 prefectural cities. We divided the venues in which the outbreaks occurred into six categories: homes, transport, food, entertainment, shopping, and miscellaneous. Among the identified outbreaks, 53·8% involved three cases, 26·4% involved four cases, and only 1·6% involved ten or more cases. Home outbreaks were the dominant category (254 of 318 outbreaks; 79·9%), followed by transport (108; 34·0%; note that many outbreaks involved more than one venue category). Most home outbreaks involved three to five cases. We identified only a single outbreak in an outdoor environment, which involved two cases.

Conclusions

All identified outbreaks of three or more cases occurred in an indoor environment, which confirms that sharing indoor space is a major SARS-CoV-2 infection risk.

Funding

The work was supported by the Research Grants Council of Hong (no 17202719, C7025-16G), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (no 41977370).
Conformational entropy and specific affinity of M-cholinolytics and ligands of µ-opioid and D2-dopamine receptors
Authors: Darkhovskii Mikhail B. , Dukhovich Felix S.
Published: April 2020

The computation model for evaluation of conformational entropy changes upon binding ligands to receptors is described. Then, changes of conformational entropy component and of binding free energy are compared. Interest to conformational entropy arises from developing new drugs as it might be changed purposefully. It is shown that conformational entropy may be used for prediction of affinity to a certain receptor. Examples of directed affinity change under the modification of substances’ conformational flexibility are given. The specific role of the conformational entropy in the receptor’s protection from the irreversible inactivation is identified.
Genetic Distance Calculation based on Locality Sensitive Hashing
Authors: Pathirana T. , Bandara S. , Gamage G. , Gimhana N. , Wickramarachchi A. , Mallawaarachchi V. , Perera I.
Published: April 2020

Measuring the genetic relatedness between different species is one of the major challenges in the field of phylogenetics. Genetic distance calculation based on DNA data is highly using a mechanism to determine inter species relationships. Genetic distance computation can be further bifurcated as alignment-free sequencing and alignment based sequencing. With this research we are presenting alignment free genetic distance calculation technique which is based on locality sensitive hashing(LSH). By this approach we are hashing large DNA sequences into numeric arrays and make comparison more efficient and simplified.
Special autonomy policy evaluation to improve community welfare in Papua province Indonesia
Authors: Prabowo Purwoko Aji , Supriyono Bambang , Noor Irwan , Muluk M. Khairul
Published: April 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the Special Autonomy policy to improve the community welfare of Papua Province.

Design/methodology/approach

This study was carried out using a qualitative approach assessing program activities and client satisfaction. It focused on program activity, target and implementation effectively and efficiently, involving the client’s evaluation process. Research data was obtained from the Papua Regional Development Planning Agency and separated into primary and secondary sources. Primary data was obtained through observation, interview and documentation from several informants. The informants were determined based on the role and involvement in the Papua Province Special Autonomy. Secondary data sources were obtained through field studies, scientific journals, previous research, written documents from relevant agencies, internet and electronic and print media.

Findings

This study exhibits characteristics of Papua Province Special Autonomy, which are identical to an asymmetric decentralization model, although it took 20 years of implementation because of the lack of evaluation and improvement. It disproves Katorobo’s (2004) theory that the said asymmetric decentralization model is more effective than symmetrical decentralization. Material requirement planning (MRP) empowerment or abolition should be considered important because of the lack of positive results. Otsus needs to improve the system and financial management, considering financial distribution for developed regions in the coastal areas and plains rather than mountainous regions.

Originality/value

This research was conducted because of the phenomenon of Papua Province Special Autonomy, also driven by the problems in the implementation of Special Autonomy Policy for Papua Province that had not borne optimum results. This study aimed to make recommendations for the Special Autonomy policy of the Papua Province to improve community welfare.
Business value appropriation roadmap for artificial intelligence
Authors: Mishra Arindra Nath , Pani Ashis Kumar
Published: April 2020

Purpose

Artificial intelligence (AI) is deemed to have a significant impact as a value driver for the firms and help them get an operational and competitive advantage. However, there exists a lack of understanding of how to appropriate value from this nascent technology. This paper aims to discuss the approaches toward knowledge and innovation strategies to fill this gap.

Design/methodology/approach

The discussion presents a review of the extant strategy and information systems literature to develop a strategy for organizational learning and value appropriation strategy for AI. A roadmap is drawn from ambidexterity and organizational learning theories.

Findings

This study builds the link between learning and ambidexterity to propose paths for exploration and exploitation of AI. The study presents an ambidextrous approach toward innovation concerning AI and highlights the importance of developing as well as reusing the resources.

Research limitations/implications

This study integrates over three decades of strategy and information systems literature to answer questions about value creation from AI. The study extends the ambidexterity literature with contemporary.

Practical implications

This study could help practitioners in making sense of AI and making use of AI. The roadmap could be used as a guide for the strategy development process.

Originality/value

This study analyzes a time-tested theoretical framework and integrates it with futuristic technology in a way that could reduce the gap between intent and action. It aims to simplify the organizational learning and competency development for an uncertain, confusing and new technology.
Biodiversity components mediate the response to forest loss and the effect on ecological processes of plant–frugivore assemblages
Authors: Peña Rocío , Schleuning Matthias , Donoso Isabel , Rodríguez‐Pérez Javier , Dalerum Fredrik , García Daniel
Published: April 2020

Anthropogenic disturbances are jeopardizing ecosystem functioning globally. Yet, we know very little about the effect of human impacts on ecological processes derived from trophic interactions. By focusing on biodiversity components of consumer and resource organisms, such as the diversity of phylogenetic lineages and the diversity of traits that influence species interactions, it is possible to simultaneously address the responses to disturbances and their effects on processes.

Here, we evaluate the consequences of forest loss on the ecological process of frugivory between fleshy‐fruited plants and frugivorous birds. For 2 years, and at 14 sites representing a gradient of forest cover in the Cantabrian Range (N Iberian Peninsula), we monitored fruit and bird abundance, and fruit consumption. We compared the response to forest loss of both plants and birds by assessing the changes in phylogenetic and trait‐based functional diversity in relation to forest cover. We further evaluated how changes in these biodiversity components translate into functional changes by estimating the degree of functional complementarity of plant and bird species.

We found different responses of plants and birds to forest loss. The diversity of plant assemblages did not respond to changes in forest cover, whereas bird assemblages markedly lost phylogenetic and trait‐based functional diversity at high levels of forest loss. Functional complementarity of birds was well predicted by phylogenetic and trait‐based functional diversity, but functional complementarity of plants depended exclusively on the diversity of traits.

Forest loss filtered avian phylogenetic lineages and traits, and influenced how birds contributed to the frugivory process. These results show how the diversity decay of one trophic level may compromise ecological processes derived from trophic interactions. Therefore, we suggest that a multitrophic response‐effect framework, which includes measures of functional traits, lineages and species functional contributions across trophic levels, may be required to fully understand the ecological consequences of biodiversity decays.

A freePlain Language Summarycan be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Service providers' perceptions of families caring for children with disabilities in resource‐poor settings in South Africa
Authors: Khan Gadija , Isaacs Dane , Makoae Mokhantšo Gladys , Fluks Lorenza Logan , Mokhele Tholang , Mokomane Zitha
Published: April 2020

Caring for children with disabilities (CWD) is a challenging task for families and service providers alike. Even though previous research has explored experiences and perceptions of families who care for CWD, research focusing on service providers' perceptions of such families is limited. Through the lens of a care framework, the present study aims to explore service providers' perceptions of families caring for CWD in resource‐poor settings in South Africa. Key informant interviews were conducted with managers of 10 organizations supported by the Nelson Mandela Children's Fund. An inductive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that family structure, poverty, service inaccessibility, negative beliefs, and stigma by community members, in addition to parental substance abuse, influenced how families care for CWD in resource‐poor settings in South Africa. These findings have implications for policy amendments regarding the care dependency grant (CDG) to ensure that it benefits all CWD and not only those who need full‐time care and services.
Outcomes of diabetic ketoacidosis in a tertiary centre with restricted intensive care unit bed capacity
Authors: Sagy Iftach , Zimhony‐Nissim Noa , Brandstaetter Evgenia , Lipnitzki Inna , Musa Hadeel , Rosen Yakov , Barski Leonid
Published: April 2020

Background

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute metabolic condition, sometimes requiring admission to an intensive care unit (ICU).

Aims

To investigate the outcomes of DKA patients admitted to a hospital with restricted ICU capacity.

Methods

We included all DKA patients above age 18 who were admitted to a tertiary hospital during 2004–2017. We conducted multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for ICU bed availability to analyse parameters associated with ICU admission, and a composite outcome of mortality, DKA recurrence and mechanical ventilation.

Results

Among 382 DKA patients in our cohort, 94 (24.6%) were admitted to the ICU. The in‐hospital mortality was 4.7%. Low bicarbonate (<10 mmoL/L) and pH (<7) levels at presentation were associated with ICU admission (P < 0.001 for both). In multivariate models availability of beds in the ICU was not associated with ICU admission, mortality or DKA recurrence of any type.

Conclusion

In a setting of limited ICU capacity, DKA treatment does not necessarily require admission to the ICU. When the rising rates of diabetes mellitus and the associated elevated rates of DKA are taken into account, our results highlight the importance of including step‐down units when devising local protocols for care of these patients.
Functional Characterization of Clinical Isolates of the Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen Aspergillus nidulans
Authors: Bastos Rafael Wesley , Valero Clara , Silva Lilian Pereira , Schoen Taylor , Drott Milton , Brauer Verônica , Silva-Rocha Rafael , Lind Abigail , Steenwyk Jacob L. , Rokas Antonis , Rodrigues Fernando , Resendiz-Sharpe Agustin , Lagrou Katrien , Marcet-Houben Marina , Gabaldón Toni , McDonnell Erin , Reid Ian , Tsang Adrian , Oakley Berl R. , Loures Flávio Vieira , Almeida Fausto , Huttenlocher Anna , Keller Nancy P. , Ries Laure Nicolas Annick , Goldman Gustavo H.
Published: April 2020

Immunocompromised patients are susceptible to infections with opportunistic filamentous fungi from the genus
Aspergillus
. Although
A. fumigatus
is the main etiological agent of
Aspergillus
species-related infections, other species, such as
A. nidulans
, are prevalent in a condition-specific manner.
A. nidulans
is a predominant infective agent in patients suffering from chronic granulomatous disease (CGD).
A. nidulans
isolates have mainly been studied in the context of CGD although infection with
A. nidulans
also occurs in non-CGD patients. This study carried out a detailed biological characterization of two non-CGD
A. nidulans
clinical isolates and compared the results to those with a reference strain. Phenotypic, metabolomic, and genomic analyses highlight fundamental differences in carbon source utilization, stress responses, and maintenance of cell wall integrity among the strains. One clinical strain had increased virulence in models with impaired neutrophil function. Just as in
A. fumigatus
, strain heterogeneity exists in
A. nidulans
clinical strains that can define virulence traits.
Supplemental Material: Tidal modulation of river-flood deposits: How low can you go?
Authors: Maselli Vittorio
Published: April 2020

Data acquisition and processing, numerical modelling set-up, calibration, and results
A Unique Presentation of Cutaneous Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Awad Mary , Holzwanger Erik , Jubbal Sandeep
Published: April 2020

Cutaneous B-cell lymphomas (CBCL) are rare heterogeneous neoplastic diseases composing about 22.5% of all cutaneous lymphomas. These diseases can be divided into primary and secondary cutaneous variants with primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (PCBCL) divided into three distinct entities including primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma, primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma, and primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type (PCDLBCL, LT). Secondary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (CDLBCL) and PCDLBCL, LT are more aggressive neoplasms compared to the aforementioned CBCL with survival rates of 37% and 50% after 5 years, respectively. CDLBCL can present as cutaneous or subcutaneous nodules, papular lesions, or indurated plaques. Here, we present a case of CDLBCL of an 88-year-old female that was mistaken for lower extremity cellulitis with phlegmon. Our patient failed two courses of antibiotic therapy as an outpatient and received a third as an inpatient before a cutaneous biopsy clinched the diagnosis.
The Prospects for the Therapeutic Implications of Genetically Engineered Probiotics
Authors: Mazhar Sayyeda Farwa , Afzal Muhammad , Almatroudi Ahmad , Munir Samman , Ashfaq Usman Ali , Rasool Maria , Raza Hammad , Munir Hafiz Muhammad Waqas , Rajoka Muhammad Shahid Riaz , Khurshid Mohsin
Published: April 2020

The interest in the therapeutic use of probiotic microorganisms has been increased during the last decade although the doubts have ascended about the probiotics mainly because their beneficial effects are not fully understood, and, in many cases, their usefulness has not been validated in clinical trials. Consequently, the notion got a considerable interest in those strains having proven probiotic potential to be engineered for improvement in their beneficial features. The process of genetic engineering can also be used for probiotic strains for the reversion of antimicrobial resistance and other modifications for their safer and effective human applications. The lactic acid bacilli are predominantly opposite as they already have gained attention owing to their health-promoting benefits and their safety for human consumption; therefore, their use, especially as a delivery agent of vaccines and drugs, is gaining attention. The tailoring of probiotic strains will not only improve the data regarding the probiotic potential of these strains but also clinch the doubts concerning these probiotics. This article focuses on the approaches of bioengineered probiotics and discusses the potential prospects for their therapeutic applications including immunomodulation, cognitive health, and anticancer therapeutics.
Verweilkatheter bei malignem Pleuraerguss: First-Line-Therapie mit hoher Effektivität
Authors: Stanzel Franz
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Recurrent pleural effusion is a common cause of dyspnoea, cough and chest pain during the course of malignant diseases. Chemical pleurodesis had been the only definitive treatment option until two decades ago. Indwelling pleural catheters (IPC) emerged as an alternative, not only assuring immediate symptom relief but also potentially leading to pleurodesis in the absence of sclerosing agents. Methods: In this single-centre retrospective observational study patient characteristics, procedural variables and outcome in a large population of patients with IPC in malignancy were evaluated and prognostic factors for pleurodesis were identified. Results: From 2006 to 2016, 395 patients received 448 IPC, of whom 121 (30.6%) had ovarian, 91 (23.0%) lung and 45 (11.4%) breast cancer. The median length of IPC remaining in place was 1.2 months (IQR, 0.5-2.6), the median survival time after insertion 2.0 months (IQR, 0.6-6.4). An adequate symptom relief was achieved in 94.9% of all patients, with no need for subsequent interventions until last visit or death. In patients surviving ≥30 days after IPC insertion, pleurodesis was observed in 44.5% and was more common in patients < 60 years (HR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.05-2.78; p = 0.03). The use of an additional talc slurry via the IPC was highly predictive for pleurodesis (HR 6.68; 95% CI, 1.44-31.08; p = 0.02). Complications occurred in 13.4% of all procedures (n = 60), 41.8% concerning infections (local infections at the tunnel/exit site (n = 14) and empyema (n = 11)), and 98.3% being low or mild grade (n = 59). Complication rates were higher in men than women (18.6 vs. 12.4%, p = 0.023). Conclusion: High efficacy in symptom relief and a favourable safety profile confirm IPC as suitable first line option in most malignant pleural effusions. The study presents the largest dataset on IPC in gynaecologic cancer to date. Gender-specific differences in complication rates warrant further study.
Chronisch-obstruktive Lungenerkrankung: Das Mikrobiom im Blick behalten
Authors: Lang Susanne M.
Published: April 2020

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects up to 65 million people worldwide, and COPD exacerbation causes tissue damage and subsequent loss of lung function. It is a multifactorial event in which respiratory infections are involved, but little is known about its dynamics. Objectives: The objective of our study was to determine the microbiome composition during an exacerbation event and post-stabilization. Methods: We conducted an observational analytical study of a cohort of 55 COPD patients in which 2 sputum samples (the first taken during an exacerbation event and the second during clinical post-stabilization) were submitted to 16s RNA ribosomal analysis by Illumina Miseq Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). The presence of respiratory viruses was also determined. Results: Our study found a stable microbiome composition in the post-stabilization sputum samples of COPD patients, and 4 additional microbiomes in samples taken during the exacerbation, 3 of which showed a marked dysbiosis by Haemophilus, Pseudomonas, and Serratia. The fourth exacerbation microbiome had a very similar composition to post-stabilization samples, but some pathogens such as Moraxella and respiratory viruses were also found. Conclusions: Our study reveals the main protagonists involved in lung microbiome dynamics during an exacerbation event and post-stabilization in COPD patients by NGS analysis.
Axillary metastases after port site recurrences of gallbladder carcinoma: a case report
Authors: Nijhuis Jorieke J. H. T. , Bosscher M. R. Frederiek , Liem Mike S. L.
Published: April 2020

Background

Incidental gallbladder carcinoma is often discovered after elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cholecystitis or cholecystolithiasis. Port site recurrences may occur. Patients with port site metastases of gallbladder carcinoma have a poor prognosis.

Case presentation

A 61-year-old man underwent an elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy because of cholecystitis and gallstones. Pathology revealed a gallbladder carcinoma. After referral to a tertiary center, radical re-resection followed.

Three years later, an epigastric port site recurrence emerged, partially fixed to the xiphoid process. A wide abdominal wall resection was performed, including part of the xiphoid process. Follow-up was continued with periodical imaging and standard blood work.

Three years after resection of this port site metastasis, the patient presented with an occasionally painful mass in the left axilla. Pathology revealed the presence of an adenocarcinoma, most likely arising from the prior gallbladder carcinoma.

Given the extensive dissemination and limited symptoms in the axillary node, we decided against a surgical intervention, instead of adopting a wait-and-see policy. Disease progression occurred within 1 year, and the patient was treated with palliative radiotherapy, followed by palliative chemotherapy.

The patient died of metastatic disease approximately 6.5 years after the initial cholecystectomy.

Conclusions

Port site recurrences of (incidental) gallbladder carcinoma occur after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, despite preventive perioperative measures. Patients with port site recurrences can develop axillary lymph node metastases, similar to other truncal malignancies. Surgical interventions should be limited.
The 2b protein and C-terminal region of the 2a protein indispensably facilitate systemic movement of cucumber mosaic virus in radish with supplementary function by either the 3a or the coat protein
Authors: Khaing Yu Yu , Kobayashi Yudai , Takeshita Minoru
Published: April 2020

Background

In Raphanus sativus (Japanese radish), strain D8 of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-D8) establishes a systemic infection and induces mild mosaic on upper, non-inoculated leaves, whereas strain Y of CMV (CMV-Y) causes only a local infection in the inoculated leaves. Here, we further analyzed the specific viral factor(s) of CMV-D8 that is (are) indispensable for systemic infection in Japanese radish.

Methods

To identify which genomic RNA(s) is (are) involved in systemic infection in radish, we carried out a pseudorecombination analysis between CMV-D8 and CMV-Y. With recombination analyses between CMV-D8 and CMV-Y using mutant/recombinant RNA2s, chimeric and point-mutated RNA3s, we identified viral factors that are indispensable for systemic infection.

Results

Viral RNA2 and RNA3 of CMV-D8 facilitated efficient virus spread into the upper, non-inoculated plant tissues of radish (cv. Tokinashi), but not those of CMV-Y. Recombinant RNA2s demonstrated that the 2b protein (2b) and the C-terminus of the 2a protein (2a) of CMV-D8 have a crucial role in systemic infection. In addition, we used chimeric and point-mutated RNA3s to that Pro17 and Pro129 in the coat protein (CP) of CMV-D8 are involved in efficient systemic infection and that Ser51 in the 3a protein (3a) of CMV-D8 has positive effects on systemic spread. The results suggested that these viral factors facilitate systemic infection of CMV-D8 in Japanese radish.

Conclusion

The C-terminal region of 2a, the entire region of 2b, and supplementary function of either Ser51 in 3a or Pro17/Pro 129 in CP confer systemic infectivity on CMV-D8 in radish. These results further elucidate the complex interaction of viral proteins of CMV to complete systemic infection as a host-specific manner.
High-density lipoproteins during sepsis: from bench to bedside
Authors: Tanaka Sébastien , Couret David , Tran-Dinh Alexy , Duranteau Jacques , Montravers Philippe , Schwendeman Anna , Meilhac Olivier
Published: April 2020

High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) represent a family of particle characterized by the presence of apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and by their ability to transport cholesterol from peripheral tissues back to the liver conferring them a cardioprotective function. HDLs also display pleiotropic properties including antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-thrombotic, anti-inflammatory, or anti-infectious functions. Clinical data demonstrate that HDL cholesterol levels decrease rapidly during sepsis and that these low levels are correlated with morbi-mortality. Experimental studies emphasized notable structural and functional modifications of HDL particles in inflammatory states, including sepsis. Finally, HDL infusion in animal models of sepsis improved survival and provided a global endothelial protective effect. These clinical and experimental studies reinforce the potential of HDL therapy in human sepsis. In this review, we will detail the different effects of HDLs that may be relevant under inflammatory conditions and the lipoprotein changes during sepsis and we will discuss the potentiality of HDL therapy in sepsis.
Acute Esophageal Necrosis in a Patient With Prostate Cancer Postchemotherapy
Authors: Grisham Eric , Abu Khalaf Suha , Kuwajima Vanessa
Published: April 2020

Acute esophageal necrosis (AEN) describes a potentially irreversible injury to esophageal mucosa secondary to vascular hypoperfusion. An 84-year-old man was admitted for the correction of a displaced nephrostomy tube and management of acute kidney injury. During his stay, the patient developed odynophagia and acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Despite mild initial symptoms, diffuse circumferential black esophageal mucosa was visualized on endoscopy, and a diagnosis of AEN was made. This unique case highlights the association between AEN and leukopenia, vascular disease, hypercoagulability, and infection. Presentations such as this patient should prompt the physicians' consideration of this differential earlier.
ЦІННІСНО-СМИСЛОВІ ПРОФІЛІ ОСОБИСТОСТІ НА РІЗНИХ РІВНЯХ РЕЛІГІЙНОЇ АКТИВНОСТІ: УНІВЕРСАЛЬНЕ Й ДИФЕРЕНЦІЮВАЛЬНЕ
Authors: Савелюк Наталія
Published: April 2020

У статті теоретично аналізується поняття «особистісний профіль» та емпірично допов­ню­ються ціннісно-смислові виміри його конструювання. Використаний у дослідженні психодіагностичний інструментарій склали: «Питальник релігійної активності» Д. Смірнова, «Експрес-діагностика соціальних цінностей» Н. Фетіскіна, В. Козлова, Г. Мануйлова та «Шістнадцять особистісних факторів» Р. Кет­те­ла. Математична обробка кількісних даних здійснювалася із застосуванням t-критерію Ст’юдента та фак­торного аналізу методом головних компонент. Через вирахування квартилів первинну вибірку респон­ден­тів поділено на чотири підгрупи з різними – від найнижчого до найвищого – рівнями релігійної актив­ності.

В емпіричному дослідженні встановлені наступні пріоритетні соціальні цінності: на найнижчому рівні релігійної активності – вдале одруження/заміжжя, проводження часу в колі сім’ї та декілька близь­ких друзів; на нижчому за середній рівні – проводження часу в колі сім’ї, вдале одруження/заміжжя та декілька близьких друзів; на вищому за середній рівні – проводження часу в колі сім’ї, вдале одружен­ня/за­міжжя та релігія, а на найвищому – релігія, проводження часу в колі сім’ї та розмірковування про Бога, молитви. Констатовано, що на вищих рівнях релігійної активності найбільш істотно посилюється зна­чущість релігійних цінностей, а також цінностей спілкування з рідними та близькими друзями, волон­терства, інтелектуального саморозвитку та здорового харчування, меншою мірою – спортивних вправ, залучення у суспільну діяльність і знайомства з новими людьми. Істотною мірою не змінюється суб’єк­тивна привабливість захопливої роботи/навчання, вдалого одруження/заміжжя та кар’єри.

Універсальною характеристикою особистісних ціннісно-смислових профілів і низькорелігійних, і високорелігійних суб’єктів визначено більше тяжіння критично мислячих і ліберально налаштованих особистостей до здобуття високого соціального та матеріального статусу. Диференціювальними особ­ливостями – відмінні на різних рівнях релігійної активності предиктори прагнення особистості до інтелек­туального самовдосконалення, а також її більшої спрямованості на вузькоособистісні або розлогі соціальні контакти.
The Comprehensive Treatment of the Ancient Landslide Deformable Body in the Giant Deep Rock Bedding based on the FLAC Analysis Model
Authors: Zhou Hongsheng , Wang Yunsheng , Shen Tong , Feng Qianqian
Published: April 2020

In previous studies, most of the studies are based on the failure mechanism of the landslide deformable body on tunnel and the safety monitoring and early warning after the completion of the tunnel, while there is less research on tunnel construction. In order to study the comprehensive treatment of the deformable body of the ancient landslide in the giant deep rock bedding better, the treatment of JM tunnel landslide deformable body was selected to carry on the empirical study. After a detailed analysis of the geological characteristics of JM tunnel engineering landslide, the stability analysis of the landslide and the deformation body and the calculation of the thrust value based on the FLAC model were carried out on the basis of the monitoring data. After the construction of the model, the intensity parameters of the slip mass deformation and the sliding zone were obtained from the back analysis. On the basis of the above, the comprehensive treatment scheme for the rear side of the old landslide deformation body was determined, including earthwork cleanup, grading supporting, and the back pressure by abandoning the cleaned earthwork at the leading edge. The study is of great significance to the design of the construction of undercrossing tunnel of landslide under the complicated geological conditions.
Group Velocity Measurements of Earthquake Rayleigh Wave by S Transform and Comparison with MFT
Authors: Jiang Chanjun , Wang Youxue , Zeng Gaofu
Published: April 2020

Based upon the synthetic Rayleigh wave at different epicentral distances and real earthquake Rayleigh wave, S transform is used to measure their group velocities, compared with the Multiple Filter Technique (MFT) which is the most commonly used method for group-velocity measurements. When the period is greater than 15 s, especially than 40 s, S transform has higher accuracy than MFT at all epicenter distances. When the period is less than or equal to 15 s, the accuracy of S transform is lower than that of MFT at epicentral distances of 1000 km and 8000 km (especially 8000 km), and the accuracy of such two methods is similar at the other epicentral distances. On the whole, S transform is more accurate than MFT. Furthermore, MFT is dominantly dependent on the value of the Gaussian filter parameter α, but S transform is self-adaptive. Therefore, S transform is a more stable and accurate method than MFT for group velocity measurement of earthquake Rayleigh waves.
Generasi Insan Maju Berbasis dalam Perspektif Tafsir Penyucian Jiwa Al-Mizan Thabataba’i
Authors: Achmad Achmad , Layyinah Rahmatika , Rahman Fadhlu
Published: April 2020

The perspective of materialism initiated by some western scholars has obscured the concept of man. One of them is limiting that humans are merely material, the implication is that the progress of a generation is determined by the abundance of material aspects. In addition, by limiting humans to materiality, it also affirms human limitations, due to limited material. If humans are only limited matter, when the material is destroyed, human existence ends. The above view is increasingly making efforts to foster materialism, thus giving serious problems to almost all social order. Of course the above view is not in accordance with the principles in the Koran. However, in some circles of Islam there is a similarity with materialists regarding the benchmarks of the success of a human progress that is through achievements that are materialistic and put aside the spiritual elements, one of which is the discourse of territorial control in the name of Islam carried by radical Islamism, even willing to do acts of terror that worry the public. Fatally, this was legitimized through their interpretation of the Koran. These two understandings, both materialism and radical Islamism are not able to create an advanced generation, because they deny the spiritual or psychological element of man which is the most principle for humans, which distinguishes humans from other creatures. In addition to the two contexts of the problem, Islam in the archipelago is geneologically has a character that tends to be spiritual, so it is not appropriate to develop the concept of an advanced archipelago based on materialistic achievements as promoted by modernist materialism and radical Islamism. Purification of souls interpreted by Thabathaba'i in Al-Mizan provides an advanced concept of spiritual construction based on the Qur'an which is essential and in line with the spiritual characteristics of the archipelago. From it, an important aspect of humanity, which is spirituality, is to be accommodated, and used as a motor to create an advanced spiritual person, without ignoring materiality. This paper seeks to uncover Thabathabai's interpretation and is contextualized with the views of Islamic and Sufi philosophers regarding the mentality of the soul and its relationship to human behavior with descriptive analysis methods. Thus the spiritual beings of the archipelago are developed going forward that accommodate all aspects of humanity and are based on the Qur'an.
A Qualitative Inquiry on the Perceptions and Experiences of Political Participation forYoung People with Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Jeong Jeehee , Hong Juhee ,   The Korean Society of Special Education
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study is to explore the perceptions and experiences of political participation for young people with developmental disabilities. The participants of this study were eleven young people with developmental disabilities. In-depth individual interviews for all the participants and a group interview for some participants were conducted. A qualitative analysis using a constant comparative method for the interviews to explore the perception and the experiences of political participation was carried out. Five main themes and eleven sub-themes were emerged from this analysis. The implications of this study were as follows: (1) finding ways to improve awareness and support to ensure the political rights of people with developmental disabilities, (2) encouraging independent participation of people with developmental disabilities as rights holders by providing learning opportunities on various topics related to social politics during school age, and (3) producing materials for improving information accessibility of people with developmental disabilities. This study is meaningful to examine the perceptions and experiences of political participation through the voices of people with developmental disabilities.
The Effects of the SNS-Based Paternal Role Program for Fathers of Young Children with Disabilitieson the Father’s Involvement, Role Satisfaction,and Father-Child Interaction
Authors: Lee Jiyoun , Lee Sohyun ,   The Korean Society of Special Education
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the SNS-based paternal role program for fathers of young children with disabilities and to look at the father’s involvement, role satisfaction, and father-child interactions. Twenty families of young children with a disability in 3 to 5 year olds participated in the study. The contents of this program consist of a combination of two group activities, seven individual SNS activities, and one individual home visit activity, depending on factors of knowledge information support, parenting skill support, and emotional support. To review the effects of the intervention, the father’s involvement and role satisfaction are analyzed using the independent t-test, whereas the father-child interactions are analyzed using the dependent t-test. As a result, fathers and mothers in the experimental group showed statistically significant differences in the father’s involvement. But the father's role satisfaction in the experimental group reveal no statistically significant differences. Comparing the pre-post changes of experimental group, the father’s interactive behavior showed a statistically significant difference in showing affection, promoting communication, and proposing play, and in non-response behavior. The interactive behavior of young children showed a statistically significant difference in the type of participation with their fathers, and in non-participating behavior. This study is meaningful in that it has provided a way to educate fathers on the SNS-based program and confirmed the behavior changes in fathers, mothers, and young children with disabilities.
El juego de intereses de los actores políticos para el diseño de la justicia transicional en Colombia
Authors: Valdivieso Collazos Andr Mauricio
Published: April 2020

El presente artículo de reflexión describe el proceso de formulación de políticas públicas con miras al proceso de paz en Colombia donde participan actores estatales y no estatales. Así entonces, inciden en el diseño de modelos de justicia transicional actores como las Fuerzas Militares, los gremios económicos, los medios de comunicaciones y las ONG. En dicha discusión y debate se encuentran intereses paralelos, comunes y opuestos lo que denota la complejidad del proceso de construcción de modelos de transición que faciliten la consecución de la paz y la reparación de las víctimas como aspecto fundamental para la reconciliación nacional. A partir de lo anterior, el presente artículo parte de la comprensión del comportamiento de Colombia como Estado y como gobierno frente al conflicto armado, esbozando las tensiones que se han producido por las ambivalencias frente a este y la imposibilidad del cumplimiento de los estándares internacionales de DDHH. Seguidamente se abordan los instrumentos de justicia transicional implementados en Colombia en contraste con los estándares internacionales para la justicia transicional. Finalmente, se interpreta las posiciones y el juego político de los actores estatales y no estatales para el proceso de formación de los modelos de justicia transicional.

 

AbstractThe present article of reflection describes the process of formulation of public policies with a view to the process of peace in Colombia where state actors take part and not state. This way then, there affect in the model design of transitional justice actors like the Military Forces, the economic unions, the means of communications and the NGOs. In the above mentioned discussion and debate they find parallel, common and opposite interests what denotes the complexity of the process of model construction of transition that there facilitate the attainment of the peace and the repair of the victims as fundamental aspect for the national reconciliation. From the previous thing, the present article departs from the comprehension of the behavior of Colombia as State and as government opposite to the armed conflict, outlining the tensions that have taken place for the ambivalencias opposite to the same one and the impossibility of the fulfillment of DDHH’s international standards. Immediately afterwards there are approached the instruments of transitional justice implemented in Colombia in contrast by the international standards for the transitional justice. Finally, is interpreted the positions and the political game of the state and not state actors for the process of formation of the models of transitional justice.