bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maintenance of certification: how do we teach practicing physicians?
Authors: Cordovani Ligia , Wong Anne , Monteiro Sandra
Published: December 2019

Maintenance of certification (MOC) has become increasingly important in medicine to ensure maintenance of competence throughout a physician’s career. This paper reviews current issues and challenges associated with MOC in medicine, including how to define medical competencies for practicing physicians,  assessment, and how to best support physicians’s lifelong learning in a continuous and self-motivated way. We explore how the combination of self-monitoring, regular feedback, and peer support could improve self assessment.  Effective MOC programs  are  learner-driven, focused on every day practice, and incorporate educational principles. We discuss the importance of MOC to the physicians’ actual practice to improve acceptability. We review the benefits of  tailored programs as well as decentralization of MOC programs to better characterize the physician’s practice. Lastly, we discuss the value of simulation-based medical education in MOC programs. Simulation-based education could be used to practice uncommon complications, life-threatening scenarios, non-technical skills improvement, and become proficient with new technology. As learners find simulation experiences educationally valuable, clinically relevant, and positive, simulation could be a way  of increasing physicians’ participation in MOC programs.
Lines in the sand: pre-interview rank and probability of receiving admission to medical school
Authors: Burgess Raquel , Vanstone Meredith , Mountjoy Margo , Grierson Lawrence
Published: December 2019

Background: We provide an examination of one medical school’s attempt to determine whether their cut-off point for number of interviews offered is congruent with the probability these applicants’ have for admission post-interview.

Methods: Offer probability was determined by organizing pre-interview rankings from 2013-2017 (n = 2,659) applicant cohorts into bins of 50 applicants and finding the quotient of successful and total applicants in each bin.A linear-by-linear association Chi-square test and adjusted standardized residuals with an applied Bonferroni correction were used to determine if the observed frequencies in each bin were different than expected by chance. A Spearman Correlation analysis between pre- and post-interview ranks was conducted.

Results: All applicants have between a 50.0% and 76.4% chance of admission. Observed frequencies are different than chance (χ(1)=50.835, p<.001), with a significantly greater number of offers seen in the bins between 1 and 100 (p<.001 for both bins). There is a weak positive relationship between pre- and post-rank, rs(2657)= 0.258, p<.001.

Conclusion: The results indicate the number of interviews conducted does not exceed a threshold wherein individuals with a relatively low chance of admission are interviewed. Findings are interpreted with respect to ethical resource allocation for both programs and applicants.
Medical education reform: a catalyst for strengthening the health system
Authors: Sanaee Layli
Published: December 2019

Key points:

Medical education reform of Canadian specialist doctors presents a unique opportunity for designing parallel health systems interventions.

Applying a Health System Framework reveals wider implications of Competence by Design (CBD) and provides impetus for health system strengthening.

CBD implications may include staffing shortages in academic hospitals, annual variation in medical education financing needs, new roles for clinician teachers, and greater demand for human health resource surveillance and patient outcome monitoring and analysis.

Each implication provides an opportunity to strengthen Governance and Leadership processes, namely by increasing coordination, harmonization, and system responsiveness.
Augmented reality in medical education: a systematic review
Authors: Tang Kevin S , Cheng Derrick L , Mi Eric , Greenberg Paul B
Published: December 2019

Introduction

The field of augmented reality (AR) is rapidly growing with many new potential applications in medical education. This systematic review aims to investigate the current state of augmented reality applications (ARAs) as teaching tools in the healthcare field.

Methods

A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. This review followed PRISMA guidelines and included publications from January 1, 2000 to June 18, 2018. Inclusion criteria were experimental studies evaluating ARAs implemented in healthcare education published in English. The quality of each study was assessed using GRADE criteria. Five stages of validity were also evaluated for each ARA.

Results

We identified 100,807 articles in the initial literature search; 36 met inclusion criteria for final review and were categorized into three categories: Surgery (23), Anatomy (9), and Classroom (4). The overall quality of the studies was poor. No ARAs were validated at all five levels.

Conclusion

While AR technology is growing at a rapid rate, the current quality and breadth of AR research in medical training is insufficient to recommend the adoption into educational curricula. More coordinated and comprehensive research is needed to define the role of AR technology in medical education.
Op-Ed Coverage of TTP: A Comparative Analysis of Daily Jung and Dawn
Authors: Hameed Anam , Warriach Haseeb ur Rehman
Published: December 2019

The study aims to analyze the portrayal of Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan in leading Urdu and English dailies of Pakistan (Jang & Dawn). Through content analysis of the editorials, sub- editorials, columns, articles, and letters to editor involving issues related to TTP, farming of coverage, and slant as being favorable, unfavorable and neutral were studied. Chi-Square test for data analysis was used for a correct finding of results. The study after its completion provided a clear picture of the way Pakistani media portrays Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan and sets the agenda for Pakistani society. The paper concludes that the image of Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan is negative in media. However mixed slants and frames observed regarding TTP. The coverage of Jang & Dawn strongly criticized the role of TTP. It is observed that TTP has always been involved in violent activities. Both newspapers look at Talibanization in Pakistan as a threat to the overall system of the state. And they do not see the issue of TTP particular to an area but in broadest level.
Reporting of Taliban Conflict: Do Editorial Choices Matter?
Authors: Anwar Ruqiya
Published: December 2019

This study analyzes the discursive strategies that characterize the reportage of Taliban conflict in Pakistani media, over a period of one year from March 2015 to March 2016. This study combines textual analysis with semi-structured interviews of media editors to identify the key factors that influence conflict Journalism in Pakistan and particularly explores the crucial role played by the editors in the selection of news stories related to Taliban conflict. Using Burkhard Blasi’s model as a theoretical framework, the study found that Pakistani media characterize Taliban conflict in the country, as a high-risk national security threat. Hence, the findings of this study show that conflict reporting in this scenario is influenced by a number of factors and the editors’ perceived threat to the national interest.
Trump’s Afghanistan Policy: How Afghan Mainstream Media Borrowed Official US Narratives to Frame the Myth of Peace
Authors: Khan Sher Baz , Khan Qaisar
Published: December 2019

This study draws from scholarship in framing theory and mediated collective memories for the analysis of the adoption of official narratives of US President Donald Trump’s Afghanistan policy as ready-made news frames by Afghanistan’s Tolo TV’s popular current affairs program as Tawde Khabare (Hot Talks). Collected through purposive sampling technique, a comparative qualitative analysis of selected programs of Tawde Khabar and the text of President Trump’s Afghanistan policy suggests that the post-Taliban US-established Afghan media system has largely adopted and borrowed ready-made news frames and official narratives disseminated by the US government to domestic and global media. The findings suggest further that official frames of Donald Trump’s Afghanistan policy received greater acceptability in the Tolo TV coverage of the concerned issue. The study has raised several questions regarding the credibility of the post-Taliban Afghan media system and as do similar systems in other post-conflict societies established through the financial and technical help of the US and allied states after 9/11.
Audience Credibility on TV News Channels: A Case Study of Geo & ARY News Channels
Authors: Baloch Zeenat , Qamar Dr. Ayesha , Tariq Dr. Ahlam
Published: December 2019

The boom of Pakistani channels started after the PEMRA issued licenses to many private channels and later on questions were raised on the credibility of Pakistani news media. Measuring the audience’s credibility on the news channels is the most important aspect as credibility is said to be the backbone of the entire media system. The credibility of news channels is becoming an increasingly important area to understand, to expand knowledge in this domain, a survey study was conducted out that investigated people’s perception of the credibility of two news channels namely ARY News and Geo News. The research explores the perception of the news audiences on the credibility of the news channels. A survey is administered with the help of a convenience sampling technique and a selected sample of 200 audiences from Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan. The researcher assessed the credibility perception of the audiences toward the two news media channels: ARY News and Geo News. The credibility is measured with the help of two different components: source and medium. To measure these constructs a 12-scale factor developed by Gaziano and McGrath (1986) with additions from Infante (1980) and Jacobson (2012) is incorporated. The findings suggested that the audience perceived the credibility of a source in a different way whereas both channels as a medium are perceived to be similar. The data showed the negative linkage between age, gender, education, occupation, and the news media channel’s credibility but shows the positive relationship between political affiliation and credibility perception of the news channels.
Exploring the Political Parallelism discourse on Representation of Islam and Muslims in the Australian Press
Authors: Ghauri Muhammad Junaid
Published: December 2019

Recent research has revealed a prominent ‘political parallelism’ discourse in the coverage of Islam and Muslims by international media. The studies have evidenced that the coverage of Islam and Muslims is widely influenced by the ideological leanings of the newspapers. This paper is set to explore whether the ideological differences of the Australian newspapers are reflected in the coverage of Islam and Muslims from January 1, 2016, to March 31, 2017. Employing Van Dijk’s (1998) ideological square and lexicalization approaches within the CDA paradigm this study examined editorials from two leading Australian newspapers. The findings have validated the existence of the ‘political parallelism’ discourse in the editorial contents of the selected newspapers representing Islam and Muslims.
ANALISIS KADAR KLORIN (Cl2) SEBAGAI PEMUTIH PADA RUMPUT LAUT (Eucheuma cottonii ) YANG BEREDAR di LAMPUNG
Authors: Samsuar Samsuar , Mariana Febri , Setyowati Merinda
Published: December 2019

Seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii) is one of sea product which have promising economic value, because it can be used for carragenan manufactures. In industrial and commerce, carragenan can be used as ingredients for biotechnology, food, pharmacy and cosmetic industry. The purpose of this research is to determine chlorine contain in seaweed at the first and second submersions. There are nine samples of seaweed which are examined at UPTD Hall of Lampung Health Laboratory and Fharmacy Laboratory of UTB Lampung with using titration method. The results of chlorine content on nine seaweed samples at the first immersion in A sample of 0.027%, in sample B of 0.019%, in sample C of 0.034%, in sample D of 0.008%, F samples of 0.079%, samples H by 0.027%. In sample E, sample G and sample I when analyzed there is no chlorine content. The content of chlorine on the second immersion is in sample A of 0.019%, in sample B of 0.015%, in sample C of 0.03%, in sample D of 0.008%, and F sample 0.057%. In the H sample the chlorine levels on the second immersion become negative or disappear.

Keyword : Seaweed, chlorine and titration
Pengaruh Perlakuan Sexing terhadap Konsumsi Pakan, Pertambahan Berat Badan, dan Konversi Pakan Ayam Ras Pedaging di Kandang Semi Closed House
Authors: Susanto Herry
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study was to test and evaluate feed intake, average daily gain and feed conversion ratio of male and female broilers with a separate maintenance treatment (sexing) in semi-closed house cages. The study was conducted at Joni Farm, Tegineneng Subdistrict, Pesawaran District. The type of research used was experimental research comparing the performance of male and female broilers that were kept separately (sexing) at the age of 12 days to 30 days. Experimental broilers used during research were 94 male and 94 female Lohmann. The variables observed in this study were male and female broiler on feed intake, average daily gain (ADG) and Feed Convertion Ratio (FCR). Based on the results of statistical analysis showed sexing has a significant effect on ADG and FCR. Sexing had no effect on feed intake. The average feed intake of male broiler chicken feed was 128.12 grams, while the consumption of female broiler was 120.00 grams. Average daily gain (ADG) of male broiler was higher than female broiler , ADG male broiler were 75.61 grams, while ADG female broiler were 66.28 grams. FCR of female broilers was 1.77 wich higher than male broilers was 1.57.

Keywords: Average Daily Gain, Feed Convertion, Feed Intake, Sexing Chicken Broiler
AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGAUGE IN THE NOVEL THERE YOU’LL FIND BY JENNY B. JONES
Authors: Maria Saum
Published: December 2019

The objectives of this research are (1)  to find out what kinds of figurative language used in the novel, (2)  to find out what figurative language the novel used widely and (3) to find out what figurative language used least. The data the researcher analyzed is all sentences which consist of figurative language mentioned in the source of theories in the chapter two of this term paper. The used data source is the novel entitled There you’ll Find Me by Jenny B. Jones. The researcher analyzed the novel by underlining every single sentence found containing figurative language. Then list them in a table and percentage their each types. The researcher found there are 11 figurative languages or, in other words, the novel used all kinds of figure of speech mentioned according to the expert’s theories in total use of 479 figurative languages. The percentage table shows the result that the use of metaphor is 35 or 7.3%, simile 70 or 14.6%, personification 81 or 16.9%, apostrophe 15 or 3.1%, overstatement (hyperbole) 162 or 33.8%, understatement (litotes) 23 or 4.8%, metonymy 20 or 4.2%, synecdoche 18 or 3.8%, transferred epithet 37 or 7.7%, paradox 15 or 3.1%, and pun 3 or 0.6%. According to the result, overstatement (hyperbole) is the most widely used figure of speech, and pun is the least one. The result of this research can give the readers about kinds of figurative languages; perhaps, they found some are new for them. Hopefully, the author of the novel keeps going creating such an interesting yet meaningful story through many other kinds of figurative language.
A CORRELATION BETWEEN VOCABULARY AND SENTENCE STRUCTURE MASTERY TOWARDS READING COMPREHENTION OF PRIVATE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN WEST JAKARTA
Authors: Sitepu Julyanta Br
Published: December 2019

The research is conducted to prove a correlation between vocabulary and sentence structure mastery towards reading comprehension of private university students. The methodology used in this research is a survey of regression and correlation analysis which relates between the data and correlation between vocabulary and sentence structure mastery towards students’ reading comprehension.  The research uses three variables, two independent variables (vocabulary and sentence structure mastery), and one dependent variable (reading comprehension). The data is collected by using vocabulary, sentence structure and reading tests. The research found that: 1) There is a significant correlation between vocabulary and sentence structure mastery towards students’ reading comprehension, proven by the result of Sig. 0.000 < 0.05 and F-test = 15.011. 2). There is a significant correlation between vocabulary mastery towards students’ reading comprehension, proven by the result of Sig. 0.008 < 0.05 and   t-test = 2.744. 3). There is a significant correlation between sentence structure mastery towards students’ reading comprehension, proven by the result of Sig. 0.011 < 0.05 and t-test = 2.617.
SANTIAGO MUNEZ’S PERSISTENCE AND THE RISKS IN DANNY CANNON’S FILM, GOAL! THE DREAM BEGINS; 2005
Authors: Priyoto Priyoto
Published: December 2019

The objectives of this study are (1) to elaborate the factors that cause Hernan Munez’s family immigrate illegally from Mexico to United States of America, the internal and external factors that influenced them to move from their original country, Mexico to USA; (2) to analyze the reasons why Hernan Munez not want his son to be a soccer player. These factors include ones that are inherent in himself; and (3) to discuss the motivation of Santiago Munez to be a real professional football player. These ambitions that come from himself and from outside as well. This research uses qualitative method. It is to gain an understanding of the underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations. This movie tells how Hernan Munez Family commits illegal immigration from his original place, Mexico to new destination that is United State of America. Munez wants to prove to his father that he can get better life if he does it seriously. His character is a very tough lad. He likes to learn from the mistakes and give the best result for himself, his team mate, club, and especially his beloved family. His large passion and dedication make his dream comes true
UPAYA PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN IBU MENYUSUI TENTANG ASI DAN LAKTASI DI PUSKESMAS TAMPANG TUMBANG ANJIR KABUPATEN GUNUNG MAS PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TENGAH
Authors: Mawaddah Sofia , Bingan Eline Charla Sabatina
Published: December 2019

ASI eksklusif merupakan salah satu upaya yang paling efektif untuk mencegah kematian anak. Pemberian ASI eksklusif yaitu memberikan ASI tanpa makanan lainnya selama 6 bulan. ASI adalah sumber nutrisi bagi bayi. Penelitian yang di lakukan oleh Kramer pada tahun 2015 menunjukkan pertumbuhan panjang badan bayi umur 9-12 bulan yang mendapatkan ASI eksklusif 6  bulan lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan bayi yang ASI eksklusif hanya 3 bulan, sehingga anak yang tidak mendapatkan ASI eksklusif beresiko menderita stunting 2 kali lebih besar dari anak yang diberikan ASI eksklusif. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini yaitu meningkatam pengetahuan dan pemahaman ibu tentang nutrisi yang tepat bagi bayi usia 0-6 bulan yaitu pemberian ASI eksklusif pada bayi, agar para ibu mampu meningkatkan pemahaman tentang masalah-masalah kesehatan bayinya secara benar dan adekuat serta mampu mengimplementasikan pengetahuan terhadap kesehatan bayi dan keluarganya di wilayah Gunung Mas. Sasaran dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah para ibu yang mempunyai balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tampang Tumbang Anjir. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober-November 2018. Tempat pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat ini yaitu di  posyandu di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tampang Tumbang Anjir Kabupaten Gunung Mas Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Penyuluhan dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini menggunakan alat bantu yaitu leaflet. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan sistem pretest dan posttest. Kata kunci : ASI, eksklusif, stunting, pengetahuan, ibu menyusui
Kesiapan Implementasi E-Government Menuju Penguatan Sistem Inovasi Daerah (SIDa) Kota Kupang
Authors: Payong Yohanes
Published: December 2019

Salah satu Program Inovasi Pemerintah Daerah Periode 2017-2022, yaitu implementasi E-Government pada berbagai organisasi Perangkat Daerah (OPD). Untuk itu, sangat diperlukan pemetaan implementasi E-Government saat ini pada Pemerintah Kota Kupang. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi sembilan dimensi, yaitu Konektivitas Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK), Penggunaan dan Integrasi TIK, Pelatihan, Kapasitas SDM, Kebijakan dan Peraturan Daerah, Keamanan, Akses, Aplikasi dan Layanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan, banyak aplikasi bersifat offline. Masih terdapat 52,94% yang digunakan secara offline, dan 47,05% digunakan secara online. Berdasarkan data hasil survey terdapat 15 OPD (50%) menyatakan tidak sepenuhnya memanfaatkan sistem secara online. Sedangkan, terkait dengan tingkat pembaharuan (Update) data dan informasi pada situs website (26%) menyatakan tidak diperbaharui, dan  (30%) menyatakan sering diperbaharui. Terkait dengan kemudahan masyarakat dalam mengakses data dan informasi, terdapat 11 OPD (36,6%) menyatakan sulit untuk mengakses informasi. Dimensi pelatihan dan kapasitas Sumber Daya Manusia dengan nilai kesiapan 1,79 dan 1,87 dengan tingkat kesiapan kurang siap.
Accelerated Soft and Hard Tissue Healing In Extraction Sockets Augmented With Bone Allograft and Amnio- Fluid, Clinical and Histological Report of Ten Cases
Authors: Maksoud Mohamed
Published: December 2019

Preservation of the dental extraction sockets through bone grafting has been a key procedure to maintain the volumetric aspect of the bone walls. This has been proven successful in bone preservation for future implant insertion or prosthetic treatment. Several materials of bone allograft, xenografts, synthetics and membranes were successful in socket preservation however the healing duration and the outcome of bone formed differs. Ten patients selected with posterior extraction sockets for the augmentation procedure, the bone graft mass mixed with Amnio-Spark fluid (Salvin Dental Specialties, Charlotte, NC, USA) and the wound secured with sutures and left to heal with no covering membrane. Post-operative visits scheduled at two, four and twelve weeks’ intervals for monitoring of the healing and core biopsies were harvested from the augmented extraction sockets and examined histologically at the twelve’s week.

At two weeks, there was considerable formation of tissue covering the bone graft material which continued to progress into keratinized tissue in four weeks. Core bone biopsies taken at twelve weeks demonstrated a pattern of viable bone formation with minor remnants of the bone graft material. This case series will demonstrate the effectiveness of the amnio- fluid in rapid formation of gingival tissue on top of the augmented extraction socket wounds. Additionally, it will histologically confirm expedited bone remodeling into the extraction socket following the augmentation
Ankyglossia among Population of North India-A Prevalence Pilot Study
Authors: Thakur Nisha
Published: December 2019

Background: Lingual Frenulum connects the base of the tongue to the floor of the mouth. Tongue-Tie (Ankyglossia) is a congenital anomaly characterized by short lingual frenulum which restricts the mobility of tongue tip.

Material and Methods: This study was done to determine the prevalence of ankyglossia among the population of North India. 500 subjects of both sexes aged between 18-70 years formed the sample size.

Results: The results were obtained after classification of ankyglossia by Kotlow by measuring the length of free tongue and by measuring the length of lingual frenulum (indirect method) as suggested by Ruffoli et al. Inadequate tongue mobility was seen only in subjects with lingual frenulum<0.5mm.

Conclusion: It should be stated that despite the reduced length the short lingual frenum is not always inelastic or fibrotic. It may allow a normal lingual mobility hence not necessitating a reduction intervention and also the effects of ankyglossia can be mitigated by the elasticity of the floor of the mouth and help the lingual mobility.
Prednisolone with Artesunate Effect on Henoch Schonlein Purpura with Malaria Condition
Authors: Thota Pavani
Published: December 2019

Henoch Schonlein Purpura (HSP) is the common form of systemic vasculitis which is mostly seen in children and rarely in adults. It is clinically characterized by the symptoms of palpable purpura, joint pains, abdominal pain, nephritis, bowel perforation rarely CNS involved. HSP has incidence of 15 casesin 1,00,000 childrensper year. The etiology of the disease remains unclear but antigens such as infective agents, vaccination, drugs, insects and foods can trigger this autoimmune disease. The hormonal changes such as usage of oral contraceptives, during menstrual cycle, during pregnancy & hormones like dehydro-epiandrosterone, testosterone and estrogen also triggers autoimmune disease. Here we report a case of female patient affected with HSP which is triggered due to hormonal changes. A 12 years female patient admitted in hospital with complaints of restricting to walk, swelling of legs since 2 days, petechial rash, pain over arm and forearm, burning sensation in legs, rash started over ankle region which started spreading since 1 day. Then after admitting in hospital she was suffered with on and off fever and was diagnosed as malaria. On examination of past history she had hypothyroidism 1 year back and under medication for 6 months. She attained puberty but with abnormal menstrual cycle for 3 months. Based on these conditions it was finally diagnosed as HSP with malaria. The condition was treated with corticosteroids and antimalarial drugs. During the treatment we observed adverse effects- swelling in scalp and peripheral neuropathy due to prednisolone and increase in rashes due to artesunate.
Morphometric Study of the Myocardial Changes at the Ischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Volkov Vladimir P
Published: December 2019

The pathomorphology of the heart muscle with ischemic cardiomyopathy was studied. Own algorithm of morphometric method of research was applied. It was established that the morphogenesis of ICMP was accompanied by the development of severe dyscirculatory, dystrophic-atrophic, sclerotic and moderately expressed compensatory processes in the myocardium.
USE OF DYNAMIC REGRESSION MODEL FOR REDUCTION OF SHORTAGES IN DRUG SUPPLY
Authors: Burinskienė Aurelija
Published: December 2019

The study is given to the use of dynamic regression model for reduction of shortages in drug supply:

Purpose – the use of a dynamic regression model to identify the influence of lead-time on the reduction of time delays in drugs supply. To reach the goal, the author focuses on the improvement of drugs availability and the minimisation of time delays in drugs supply.

Research methodology – the application of dynamic regression method to minimise shortage. The author suggests a dynamic regression model and accompanies it with autocorrelation and heteroskedasticity tests: Breush-Godfrey Serial Correlation LM Test for autocorrelation and ARCH test for heteroskedasticity.

Findings – during analysis author identifies the relationship between lead-time and time delays in drugs supply. The author delivers a specific regression model to estimate the effect of deterministic lead-time on shortage. Probability F and Probability Chi-Square of this testing show that there is no significant autocorrelation and heteroskedasticity.

Research limitations – the research is delivered for a one-month time frame. For the future, the study could review other periods. The author has incorporated the lead-time component in shortage reduction study by leaving capacity uncertainty component unresearched. The future studies could incorporate both elements into shortage reduction case analysis.

Practical implications – presented framework could be useful for practitioners, which analyse drug shortage reduction cases. The revision of supply time table is recommended for pharmacies aiming to minimise the shortage level.

Originality/Value – the analysis of deterministic lead-time and identification that the periodicity of shortage is evident each eight days. The study contributes to lead-time uncertainty studies where most of the authors analyse the stochastic lead-time impact on shortages.
Asteroid Discovery and Light Curve Extraction Using the Hough Transform: A Rotation Period Study for Subkilometer Main-belt Asteroids
Authors: Lo Kai-Jie , Chang Chan-Kao , Lin Hsing-Wen , Tsai Meng-Feng , Ip Wing-Huen , Chen Wen-Ping , Yeh Ting-Shuo , Chambers K. C. , Magnier E. A. , Huber M. E. , Wainscoat R. J.
Published: December 2019

The intranight trajectories of asteroids can be approximated by straight lines, and so are their intranight detections. Therefore, the Hough transform, a line detecting algorithm, can be used to connect the line-up detections to find asteroids. We applied this algorithm to a high-cadence Pan-STARRS 1 (PS1) observation, which was originally designed to collect asteroid light curves for rotation period measurements. The algorithm recovered most of the known asteroids in the observing fields and, moreover, discovered 3574 new asteroids with magnitude mainly of 21.5 < w

p1 < 22.5 mag. This magnitude range is equivalent to subkilometer main-belt asteroids (MBAs), which usually lack rotation period measurements due to their faintness. Using the light curves of the 3574 new asteroids, we obtained 122 reliable rotation periods, of which 13 are super-fast rotators (SRFs; i.e., rotation period of <2 hr). The required cohesion to survive these SFRs range from tens to thousands of Pa, a value consistent with the known SFRs and the regolith on the Moon and Mars. The higher chance of discovering SFRs here suggests that subkilometer MBAs probably harbor more SFRs.
The Acceleration and Confinement of Energetic Electrons by a Termination Shock in a Magnetic Trap: An Explanation for Nonthermal Loop-top Sources during Solar Flares
Authors: Kong 孔 Xiangliang 祥良 , Guo 郭 Fan 帆 , Shen 沈 Chengcai 呈彩 , Chen 陈 Bin 彬 , Chen 陈 Yao 耀 , Musset Sophie , Glesener Lindsay , Pongkitiwanichakul Peera , Giacalone Joe
Published: December 2019

Nonthermal loop-top sources in solar flares are the most prominent observational signatures that suggest energy release and particle acceleration in the solar corona. Although several scenarios for particle acceleration have been proposed, the origin of the loop-top sources remains unclear. Here we present a model that combines a large-scale magnetohydrodynamic simulation of a two-ribbon flare with a particle acceleration and transport model for investigating electron acceleration by a fast-mode termination shock (TS) at the loop top. Our model provides spatially resolved electron distribution that evolves in response to the dynamic flare geometry. We find a concave-downward magnetic structure located below the flare TS, induced by the fast reconnection downflows. It acts as a magnetic trap to confine the electrons at the loop top for an extended period of time. The electrons are energized significantly as they cross the shock front, and eventually build up a power-law energy spectrum extending to hundreds of kiloelectron volts. We suggest that this particle acceleration and transport scenario driven by a flare TS is a viable interpretation for the observed nonthermal loop-top sources.
Editorial
Authors: Bertoni Danislei
Published: December 2019

v.12 n.3
Operacionalização da definição de função: um processo desencadeador da aprendizagem significativa do conceito de função
Authors: Santos de Souza Jerson Sandro , De Oliveira Souza Leandro
Published: December 2019

Neste artigo, discute-se a importância da definição de função para a aprendizagem significativa do conceito de função. A articulação das múltiplas representações desse conceito possibilita sua apreensão, por isso favorecer a articulação torna-se fundamental. Acredita-se que, para alcançar a articulação, as definições são indispensáveis, já que elas propiciam formas de raciocínio que as tornam úteis como elementos de ligação das demais representações. Não estamos nos referindo ao simples ato de enunciar uma definição, mas sim ao processo no qual o aprendiz a utiliza conscientemente para interpretar situações pautadas em relações funcionais, processo que chamamos de operacionalização da definição de função. Assim, o presente trabalho norteia-se pela seguinte questão de pesquisa: Como a operacionalização da definição de função, admitida como elemento didático-metodológico, pode favorecer a aprendizagem significativa do conceito de função? Para verificarmos a hipótese de que a operacionalização facilita a articulação, e esta, por sua vez, viabiliza a aprendizagem significativa, aplicamos três sequências didáticas, baseadas em aspectos favorecedores da operacionalização. Vinte alunos de primeiro ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública da cidade de Manaus-AM foram envolvidos. Os resultados, oriundos da confrontação entre as análises a priori e a posteriori, uma das fases da Engenharia Didática, metodologia de pesquisa adotada, sugerem benefícios à aprendizagem, que se devem à evolução do uso da definição: de uma definição inerte, abandonada de qualquer raciocínio logo após enunciada, para uma definição operacional, utilizada como fonte orientadora do pensamento funcional. Conclui-se que uma definição operacional pode ser vista como um elemento desencadeador do processo de aprendizagem significativa do conceito de função.
Argumentação colaborativa apoiada por computador no ensino de ciências: uma revisão
Authors: Souza Nilcimar Dos Santos , Queiroz Salete Linhares
Published: December 2019

No presente trabalho é discutida a produção acadêmica sobre o desenvolvimento e utilização de sistemas computacionais voltados à elaboração de argumentos no ensino de ciências. Para isso, artigos sobre a temática foram analisados com dois propósitos principais: investigar quantitativamente características pertinentes ao escopo metodológico das pesquisas neles descritas (origem geográfica, sistemas computacionais que viabilizaram a elaboração de argumentos etc) e investigar qualitativamente os focos temáticos das mesmas. As análises revelaram ausência de publicações oriundas do Hemisfério Sul, baixa recorrência de utilização dos referidos sistemas computacionais em atividades didáticas destinadas ao ensino superior, assim como de argumentação sobre temas associados diretamente às ciências químicas. Foram identificados seis focos temáticos nos artigos, destacando-se aquele vinculado à construção de argumentos por parte dos alunos, tendo em vista a elaboração/reelaboração de conceitos/tópicos científicos e pseudocientíficos.
Conflitivas sociocientíficas no ensino de ciências: proposições ao biodireito e a dignidade humana
Authors: Freitas Nívia Magalhães da Silva , Ribeiro João Guilherme , Vieira Eduardo Paiva de Pontes , Freitas Nadia Magalhães da Silva
Published: December 2019

O empreendimento científico não se apresenta neutro, objetivo, isento de controvérsias e/ou contradições. Ao contrário, está intrinsecamente vinculado a valores e interesses diversos e que remetem às questões sociocientíficas que podem ser evidenciadas nas relações Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS), adentrando no campo das conflitivas. No presente artigo, apresentamos os resultados de um trabalho de investigação que se conduziu pela seguinte pergunta: que elementos são evocados, por licenciandos do Curso de Ciências Naturais, na compreensão dos múltiplos eventos de natureza sociocientífica da narrativa fílmica “Uma Prova de Amor”? A pesquisa inseriu-se na modalidade qualitativa e apoiou-se em duas fontes de evidências, a saber: (1) a entrevista estruturada (modalidade projetiva) e (2) a observação assistemática. O enredo fílmico contribuiu para a problematização de ideias e de valores alocados no que denominamos, contemporaneamente, de Direitos Humanos, sendo, dentre outras, uma possibilidade profícua ao ensino relacionado com a Bioética.
Unidade de aprendizagem ativa para física: uma possibilidade para a motivação dos discentes
Authors: Coelho Marcelo Nunes
Published: December 2019

Neste trabalho consta o relato de uma prática desenvolvida a partir da perspectiva de metodologias ativas para o ensino e aprendizagem de Física. É apresentado o conceito de Unidade de Aprendizagem Ativa (UAA) desenvolvido pelo autor e os resultados da avaliação da qualidade motivacional dos discentes submetidos a esta prática, bem como uma avaliação das próprias UAAs O referencial teórico utilizado para a avaliação da motivação foi a Teoria da Autodeterminação. O instrumento utilizado para a coleta de dados sobre motivação foi a EMADF – Escala de Motivação: Atividades Didáticas de Física, cujo objetivo é avaliar a qualidade motivacional dos discentes. Quanto à avaliação das UAAs, foi utilizado um questionário em escala Likert. Os resultados mostram que uma prática baseada em metodologias ativas com o uso das UAAs é bastante eficaz na promoção da motivação dos discentes.
Estilo de aprendizagem de Kolb: reflexões acerca do diagnóstico de um curso de licenciatura em química
Authors: Jesus Weslei Oliveira de , Carvalho Christina Vargas Miranda , Silva Luciana Aparecida Siqueira
Published: December 2019

A aprendizagem dos sujeitos se dá por diversos meios e todos eles dependem de como as pessoas processam as informações que lhe são disponibilizadas. Assim, a construção do conhecimento ocorre de acordo com o estilo de aprendizagem de cada indivíduo. Objetivou-se nesta pesquisa diagnosticar os estilos de aprendizagem de licenciandos em Química, de acordo com a proposta de Kolb e refletir acerca das possíveis metodologias e instrumentos de avaliação que corroboram com a construção de conhecimento desses sujeitos. Trata-se de um estudo de caso com abordagem quali-quantitativa, sendo os dados coletados por análise de documentos e aplicação de questionários. O estilo de aprendizagem divergente foi predominante entre os estudantes do 1º e 7º períodos; no 3º período o acomodador e no 5º período, os estilos assimilador e divergente. Percebemos que o instrumento proposto por Kolb é um excelente método para nortear os docentes no processo de ensino e de aprendizagem.
Les réseaux de périnatalité. Faciles à créer, difficiles à maintenir vivants
Authors: Golse Bernard
Published: December 2019

Après avoir rappelé les trois modèles principaux du développement et des troubles du développement (médical, psychopathologique et pédopsychiatrique), l’auteur définit le champ de la psychiatrie périnatale au regard de la transdisciplinarité. Après quoi, il aborde la question des réseaux en périnatalité (faciles à créer mais difficiles à maintenir vivants) pour en ébaucher une clinique en écho avec les processus psychiques du très jeune enfant.
Approche métapsychologique de la notion de Réseau et enjeux actuels dans la clinique des groupes
Authors: Vollon Clarisse
Published: December 2019

Dans cet article, il sera proposé d’aborder la notion de réseau d’un point de vue métapsychologique. Dans un premier temps, nous reviendrons sur l’origine et les spécificités de cette notion telle qu’elle a pu être décrite par Foulkes. Dans un second temps, nous articulerons la notion de réseau avec le modèle intégratif de l’appareil psychique groupal, ce qui nous permettra d’envisager le réseau comme une métaphore de l’espace interpsychique. À partir d’une illustration clinique issue d’une pratique de supervision dans une mission locale, nous utiliserons cette métaphore pour penser la dynamique d’une formation groupale et repérer, plus largement, ses enjeux dans la clinique actuelle des groupes.
La communication virtuelle dans les interstices institutionnels des structures de soin : une cachette libidinale ?
Authors: Bittolo Christophe , Vlachopoulou Xanthie
Published: December 2019

Les réseaux sociaux numériques et leur usage en expansion soulèvent la question de l’inédit de ces modes de communication nouveaux où les échanges se font à distance des corps sexués. Le travail d’équipe dans les institutions de soin n’y échappe pas. Après avoir resitué la place et les questions posées par le virtuel dans la clinique psychanalytique, une illustration clinique interroge les fonctions d’un « réseau social secret » dans le travail institutionnel d’une équipe accueillant des adolescents. Le réseau social est pensé, dans le contexte contemporain des institutions, comme un espace de travail émergeant d’une rupture dans la transmission intergénérationnelle et répondant aux caractéristiques d’une nouvelle forme d’interstices institutionnels dont l’usage est interrogé.
Le processus d’expatriation dans le couple
Authors: Lin Xiao-Hui Aurore
Published: December 2019

Cet article porte sur les effets de l’expatriation sur les liens de couple, et particulièrement sur les effets de l’éloignement de l’environnement familier et ceux de la rencontre de l’environnement étranger. Les différents modèles psychanalytiques du couple, de la famille et du groupe sont mobilisés pour explorer les liens de couple. L’environnement étranger réactive l’angoisse de perte et de non-reconnaissance en lien avec le vécu de l’étrangeté. L’absence de familiarité renvoie à l’incorporation culturelle de J.C. Rouchy, et interroge la contenance psychique du couple. Dès lors, l’expatriation confronte ce dernier à une épreuve narcissique et le soumet au remaniement des liens. Face au changement, le couple expatrié est amené à se réorganiser dans un mouvement régressif. Dans cette perspective, les liens peuvent s’entendre du côté de la filiation. Le couple peut mobiliser l’illusion du retour au Nous conjugal à travers la base commune partagée culturelle. L’expatriation peut réveiller l’enfant en soi chez chacun des partenaires.
L’identité narrative, une approche des enjeux psychiques sujet/famille
Authors: Soutif Éric , Ducousso-Lacaze Alain
Published: December 2019

La transmission œuvre selon certaines modalités processuelles liées aux enjeux inconscients du groupe et des sujets, générant ainsi du/des conflits psychiques. Il s’agit ici de le mettre en perspective selon l’approche narrative ricœurienne et de montrer comment, à partir d’une lecture croisée des différents récits, cette approche permet de saisir le manifeste de ce qui anime le groupe et ses sujets. L’approche psychanalytique permettra d’en repérer les enjeux et les coordonnées inconscients. Cette lecture conjointe met en évidence qu’un mouvement de va-et-vient s’établit entre la constellation groupale qui émane de l’articulation entre les constructions narratives de chaque sujet et les enjeux inconscients (groupaux et individuels) qui les sous-tendent. Bien plus encore, cette approche narrative témoigne de son efficience à circonscrire, ce qui pour un sujet, peut devenir problématique en termes de subjectivation.
Le dispositif Dédyco : un soin métissé entre contes, cultures et dessins
Authors: Dubicki Brigitte , Titia Rizzi Alice
Published: December 2019

Le dispositif Dédyco est né d’un métissage de deux pratiques cliniques, le groupe conte pour les enfants et les consultations transculturelles pour les familles. Il s’agit d’accueillir des mères qui viennent d’ailleurs et leurs enfants nés ici, dans un groupe où des contes sont dits dans les deux langues. À partir de trois ateliers menés avec trois dyades mères-enfants, l’article retrace et analyse le chemin thérapeutique parcouru. Contenance groupale et nourrissage par les contes redonnent sens à la transmission, dessinent des liens entre les cultures d’ici et d’ailleurs, rassurent la capacité de ces mères à être des mères suffisamment bonnes et soutiennent le processus de métissage des enfants.
Treatment of Benign Bone Lesions with an Injectable Calcium Sulfate-Based Bone Graft Substitute
Authors: Kelly Cynthia M , Wilkins Ross M
Published: December 2019

Abstract

The treatment of benign bone lesions can be challenging due to the limited quantity of autogenous graft available for harvest and grafting of the defect. The use of an injectable calcium sulfate bone graft substitute, Minimally-Invasive Injectable Craft (MIIG) (Wright Medical Technology, Inc, Arlington, Tenn), material for treatment of these bone lesions is advantageous. Calcium sulfate has a long-standing history in the treatment of bone voids secondary to trauma, infection, or neoplastic processes. Minimally-Invasive Injectable Graft injectable calcium sulfate graft may be injected into surgically created osseous defects or bone defects secondary to traumatic injury. After hardening, the paste acts as a temporary intraosseous support through which internal fixation may be placed. Fifteen patients with benign space-occupying lesions were treated with curettage and grafting with an injectable, surgical-grade, calcium sulfate bone graft substitute. Bone healing was assessed postoperatively and defined as resorption of the bone graft substitute material and replacement with new bone formation. The grafted defects in 14 of the 15 patients showed complete incorporation of the graft material at an average of 8 weeks. One patient required incision and drainage for a deep infection 5 weeks postoperatively. The average follow-up was 6 months (range: 3-15 months), and Musculoskeletal Tumor Society functional outcome scores averaged 83%. This injectable, minimally invasive graft material is easy to use, provides a temporary structural support when grafting bone defects, and results in predictable rapid bone healing.
Measurement of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins and Other Growth Factors in Demineralized Bone Matrix
Authors: Blum Barbara , Moseley Jon , Miller Leasa , Richelsoph Kelly , Haggard Warren
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Osteoinductive of demineralized bone matrix has been attributed to bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP). Other growth factors, including insulin-like growth factor-l (ICF-I) and transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGFßl), have also been detected in demineralized bone matrix. Success of bone graft substitutes containing demineralized bone matrix has been assumed to be closely associated with osteoinductivity of the demineralized bone matrix. Because of differences in bone characteristics between donors and tissue banks, confirmation and measurement of osteoinductivity may play a crucial role in predicting the success of the bone graft substitute. In the current studies, BMP-2, BMP-4, TGFβ1, and IGF-I were measured in demineralized bone matrix. A strong association was noted between BMP-2 and TGF-β1 levels. A strong association was also found between BMP-2 and new bone formation in an ectopic nude rat model.
The Influence of Iliotibial Tract on Patellar Tracking
Authors: Wu Chi-Chuan , Shih Chun-Hsiung
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Thirty patients with 49 snapping hips and patellar malalignment underwent surgical release of the iliotibial tract contracture over the trochanteric area. Minimal follow-up was 2 years (average 4.6 years, range: 2-9 years). Eight patients underwent computed tomography (CT) preoperatively and 1 month postoperatively to investigate the patellar location in the patellofemoral articulation with fense bending at 0°, 20°, 45°, 60°, and 90°.

Significant improvements in the cohgruehce angle and lateral patellofemoral angle were noted on Merchant radiograph for all knees (P<.01). On CT, at 20° and 45° knee bending, all congruence, lateral patellofemoral, and patellar tilt angles significantly improved postoperatively in 8 knees (P<.01). lliotibial tract affects patellar tracking and dominates lateral patellar supporting structures.