bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends in work-absenteeism and return-to-work among people with spine pain in middle income countries: A need for evidence
Authors: Mullerpatan Rajani , Jadhav Kshitija
Published: January 2025

Background

Spine pain is a leading cause of functional disability and work absenteeism globally. Multiple prognostic factors influencing return-to-work(RTW) among people with spine pain are reported from high-income-countries. However, findings from high-income-countries with 16 percent world's population, cannot be extrapolated to low-middle-income countries (LMICs) which constitutes 84 percent world's population. Hence, paucity of evidence from LMICs motivated present literature review.

Objective

To study work absenteeism and RTW profile of people with spine pain in LMICs, including intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing RTW and time taken to RTW.

Methods

Literature search in scientific databases: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane and Google Scholar yielded 3 articles from middle-income countries; including 2 cohort studies and 1cross-sectional study. No study was identified from low-income countries.

Results

Review findings reported cessation of work or work absenteeism due to spine-pain; factors influencing RTW; proportion of people returning to work and period of RTW. Intrinsic factors which influenced work absenteeism and RTW included-age, gender, BMI, stage of spine pain and pain severity. Extrinsic factors were heavy physically demanding occupation, informal employment, compensatory leave and lack of access to rehabilitation services at primary and secondary healthcare levels.

Conclusions

Scarce evidence on work absenteeism and RTW among people with spine pain is available only from middle-income countries. Trends of work practice underpinned by pain-coping strategies among people with spine pain in LMICs with inadequate access to evidence-based spine-care, out-of-pocket health expenditure and lack of compensation guidelines warrant urgent research attention.
Comparison of travel distance of center of pressure using the footscan system in individuals with and without flatfoot
Authors: Eo Hyoshin , Park Donghwi , Jun Kwangohk , Woo Sungho , Koo Won Mo , Kim Jong Min , Lee Byung Joo , Chang Min Cheol
Published: January 2025

Background

Diagnosis and treatment of flatfoot are often overlooked. Current diagnostic methods, such as lateral foot radiography and physical examination, primarily assess simple static foot conditions. The Footscan test can be employed to evaluate the static and dynamic balance of patients with flatfoot; however, the precise reference value for various Footscan test results remains undetermined.

Objective

This study aimed to contribute to the body of knowledge regarding flatfoot diagnosis by identifying objective differences between patients with and without flatfoot.

Methods

This study focused on individuals aged 19–50 years without ankle injuries or surgeries that could affect balance. The Footscan system was used to evaluate static balance using the total travel distance (TD) of the center of pressure in the standing position for 10 s. For dynamic balance indices, the sole was divided into forefoot, midfoot, and hindfoot zones by the system, and the contact distribution of each zone was quantified as a percentage during a 1-min walking period. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the normal and flatfoot groups, leading to the determination of cutoff values for clinically significant indices.

Results

The study included 116 feet of 58 healthy individuals and 56 feet of 28 patients with flatfoot. Significant differences were found between the two groups for all static and dynamic balance variables. Logistic regression analysis identified TD ( p = 0.001) and midfoot contact distribution ( p < 0.001) as significant risk factors of flatfoot. Receiver operating characteristic analysis determined the cut-off values with the highest sum of sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis: TD ≥ 20.5 mm and midfoot contact distribution ≥ 18.95%.

Conclusions

The Footscan test indices showed significant differences in static and dynamic balance between patients with flatfoot and normal individuals. TD and midfoot contact distribution emerged as meaningful indicators of diagnostic potential.
Clinical assessment of lumbar mobility: Height of the lumbar spine and localization of L1 by ultrasound
Authors: Jacquemin D. , Demoulin C. , Dorban G. , Tubez F. , Vanderthommen M.
Published: January 2025

Background

Various tools for clinical assessment of lumbar mobility in the sagittal plane coexist. Their validity has been called into question in particular because of their fixed distances between their skin markers whatever the height of the subject.

Objective

To measure the distance between the lower margin of the Postero Superior Iliac Spines (PSIS) and the middle of the L1 spinous process and to analyze the characteristics that influence it. To check whether these new skin marks could be more reliable for developing a new clinical assessment tool for lumbar mobility.

Method

The distance between the lower margin of the PSIS and the L1, located by ultrasound, was taken in the standing position and analyzed on 200 participants.

Results

The mean PSIS-L1 distance was 13.3 ± 1.8 cm, influenced mainly by standing height. A ratio or the regression line equation, based on the relationship between standing height and PSIS-L1, were highlighted.

Conclusions

The actual mode of placement of skin markers for the clinical assessment tools to evaluate lumbar mobility is not valid. The PSIS-L1/standing height ratio or the regression equation are the most effective ways for predicting the location of the upper skin marker (L1) for developing a new tool.
The Mediating Role of Teachers' Self-Efficacy in the Relationship Between Their Attitudes Toward School Bullying and Their Handling of Bullying Situations: A Study From Jordan
Authors: Shahrour Ghada , Salah Eman , Alzoubi Fatmeh , Al-Bashtawy Mohammed , Richard Mottershead
Published: January 2025

Previous literature indicates that even when teachers hold antibullying attitudes, they may fail to intervene, suggesting that self-efficacy is essential for successful intervention. This study explored the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between attitudes toward bullying and intervention efforts among teachers. A cross-sectional, mediational design was used with a convenience sample of 567 Jordanian teachers teaching students aged 12 to 17. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire that included the Bullying Attitude Questionnaire-Modified, Teachers' Self-Efficacy Regarding Bullying Scale, and the Handling Bullying Questionnaire. Mediation analysis with PROCESS Macro v4.2 revealed a nonsignificant total effect between teachers' attitudes and their interventions, but self-efficacy fully mediated this relationship. These findings highlight the importance of enhancing teachers' self-efficacy to ensure that antibullying attitudes translate to active intervention. School nurses can support this by helping teachers reflect on their attitudes, boosting their self-efficacy, and developing effective intervention strategies.
Vaccinating Adolescents With Intellectual and Developmental Disability at School: An Opportunity to Promote Supported Decision Making
Authors: Klinner Christiane , Young Alexandra , Strnadová Iva , O’Neill Jenny , Newman Christy E. , Wong Horas , Davies Cristyn , Vujovich-Dunn Cassandra , Skinner S. Rachel , Brogan Deidre , Kang Melissa , Danchin Margie , Guy Rebecca , Carter Allison
Published: January 2025

Internationally, vaccination rates among adolescents with intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) are lower than those of the general population. Little research has addressed this issue. This study investigates the experiences of vaccinating adolescents with IDD in special education settings in Australia, with a focus on student engagement. Semistructured interviews and focus groups were undertaken with 50 stakeholders involved in the school vaccination program. Data was analyzed thematically using a framework approach. We identified five themes: lack of student engagement, practices discouraging engagement, practices fostering engagement, lack of vaccination protocol adjustments, and lack of disability-specific nurse training. Nurses’ limited knowledge and skills in engaging students with IDD can result in unethical practices, students feeling excluded from vaccination decisions, and students being traumatized by negative treatment experiences. Clinical protocols lack guidance and reasonable adjustments to provide inclusive vaccination services. Supported decision making could provide more inclusive school vaccinations, more positive vaccination experiences, and higher vaccination rates among adolescents with IDD.
Aberrant Cytoplasmic INSM1 Expression in Erythroid Cells: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall Versus Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Authors: Wu Douglas Jian-Xian , Charville Gregory W. , Sangoi Ankur R.
Published: January 2025

Insulinoma-associated protein 1 (INSM1) is a relatively new immunostain used in the diagnostic assessment of tumors with neuroendocrine differentiation. While INSM1 positivity has been described in some non-neuroendocrine neoplasms, reactivity in red blood cells (RBCs) has only been anecdotally noted in one prior study without description of the degree/extent of staining. INSM1 staining in nucleated erythroid precursors has not been previously reported. Herein, 100 small biopsy specimens containing RBCs where INSM1 was used for diagnostic workup were reviewed. Additionally, 5 benign bone specimens and 5 adrenal myelolipoma specimens containing nucleated erythroid precursors were stained with INSM1. INSM1 staining intensity (0–3) and staining extent (0–100%) in RBC/erythroid cells was evaluated and an H-score was calculated (0–300). Positive cytoplasmic INSM1 staining in RBCs was observed in 99/100 (99%) specimens, with mean staining intensity of 2.1 (median = 2) and mean staining percent of 59% (median = 70%), with mean H-score of 125 (median = 140). Positive cytoplasmic INSM1 staining was identified in 10/10 (100%) specimens containing nucleated erythroid precursors, with mean staining intensity of 2.7 (median = 3) and mean staining percent of 53% (median = 50%), with mean H-score of 132 (median = 120). INSM1 is frequently positive in RBCs and nucleated erythroid precursors, albeit with variable staining intensity and extent. Although the INSM1 staining is cytoplasmic in RBCs (lacking nuclei) and nucleated erythroid precursors, the morphological features can mimic positive nuclear staining of neuroendocrine neoplasms. Particularly in small biopsy samples, which often contain background RBCs, positive INSM1 staining should be reviewed with caution to avoid misdiagnosis of neuroendocrine differentiation.
Impact of adjunct bezlotoxumab for preventing Clostridioides difficile infection recurrence in patients post – hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Patel Mahi , Gill Christian M , Chamberland Robin , Heflin Tyler , Mehringer Rachel
Published: January 2025

Background

Patients post hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) are highly susceptible to Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). Exposure to antibiotic treatment, chemotherapeutic disruption to bacterial microbiome, immunosuppressive therapy, and prolonged hospitalizations synergistically contribute to the risk of CDI and its recurrence. The purpose of this study is to assess if the adjunctive administration of bezlotoxumab decreases the rate of recurrent CDI in patients post-HSCT.

Study Design

This retrospective cohort study included patients post allogeneic or autologous HSCT with CDI who were 18 years of age or older. The first cohort included patients who received standard-of-care (SOC) treatment for CDI. The second cohort included patients who received standard of care treatment for CDI in addition to bezlotoxumab. The primary objective was the proportion of patients with recurrence of CDI within 12 weeks of initial diagnosis after treatment with bezlotoxumab plus SOC compared with controls receiving SOC alone.

Results

The primary outcome occurred in 2.7% of patients in the bezlotoxumab plus SOC group, and 7.1% of patients in the SOC alone group. Results of the primary outcome were not statistically significant between groups. No difference in CDI recurrence occurred between the two groups (5.4% vs 7.1%) at 6 months. Bezlotoxumab administration was well-tolerated with no documented adverse reactions.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the use of bezlotoxumab did not lead to statistically significant decreases in CDI recurrence in patients post-HSCT. Future studies should be conducted with a larger number of HSCT patients receiving bezlotoxumab to provide supporting evidence of its role in reducing CDI recurrence.
On singular behaviour in a plane linear elastostatics problem
Authors: Gimperlein Heiko , Grinfeld Michael , Knops Robin J , Slemrod Marshall
Published: January 2025

A vector field similar to those separately introduced by Artstein and Dafermos is constructed from the tangent to a monotone increasing one-parameter family of non-concentric circles that touch at the common point of intersection taken as the origin. The circles define and space-fill a lens-shaped region [Formula: see text] whose outer and inner boundaries are the greatest and least circles. The double cusp at the origin creates a geometric singularity at which the vector field is indeterminate and has non-unique limiting behaviour. A semi-inverse method that involves the Airy stress function then shows that the vector field corresponds to the displacement vector field for a linear plane compressible nonhomogeneous isotropic elastostatic equilibrium problem in [Formula: see text] whose boundaries are rigidly rotated relative to each other, possibly causing rupture or tearing at the origin. A sequence of solutions is found for which not only are the Lamé parameters strongly elliptic, but the non-unique limiting behaviour of the displacement is preserved. Other properties of the vector field are also established.
The Impact of Motivation on Sustained Attention in Very Preterm and Term-born Children: An ERP Study
Authors: Retzler Jenny , Groom Madeleine J. , Johnson Samantha , Cragg Lucy
Published: January 2025

Objective:

To compare the effect of motivational features on sustained attention in children born very preterm and at term.

Method:

EEG was recorded while 34 8-to-11-year-old children born very preterm and 34 term-born peers completed two variants of a cued continuous performance task (CPT-AX); a standard CPT-AX with basic shape stimuli, and structurally similar motivating variant, with a storyline, familiar characters, and feedback.

Results:

Higher hit rates, quicker response times and larger event-related potential (ERP) amplitudes were observed during the motivating, compared with the standard, task. Although groups did not differ in task performance, between-task differences in ERPs associated with orienting were larger in term-born than very preterm children.

Conclusion:

The findings add to previous evidence of disruption to the brain networks that support salience detection and selective attention in children born preterm. Manipulations that increase intrinsic motivation can promote sustained attention in both term-born and very preterm children.
Effectiveness of a Fundamental Movement Skill Intervention in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Pan Chien-Yu , Tsai Chia-Liang , Chen Fu-Chen , Chen Chih-Chia , Hu Yu-Han , Chu Chia-Hua
Published: January 2025

This study examined the effect of a 12-week fundamental movement skills (FMS) intervention on the motor skills of 20 boys with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (ages 3–10 years) and whether the intervention effect would persist for at least 12 weeks after the intervention. In Part I, 10 boys with ASD (Group 1) received the intervention, whereas the remaining 10 boys with ASD (Group 2) did not (true control, no intervention). The arrangement was reversed in Part II. The main findings were that children in both the ASD groups exhibited significant improvements in the overall gross motor development and the locomotor and object control subtest scores after the intervention. The effectiveness appeared to be sustained for at least 12 weeks in Group 1. The study findings indicate the importance of including FMS programming as a part of the early intervention services delivered to young children with ASD.
Southern Lights: Framing Horizontality in Scientific Networks
Authors: Chaudhary Nandita , Sá Ana Luiza De França , Marsico Giuseppina , Pickren Wade E.
Published: January 2025

Several critical events have helped us refocus on our lives and review our relationship with reality. The COVID-19 pandemic and climate change have had a significant impact on our lives and our scholarship. More recently, the introduction of Artificial Intelligence has the potential to reorganize how we learn and write. In this special section, we advocate for the importance of horizontal dialogues through and for globalscientific networks with a special focus on scholarly contributions from the Global South to confront current challenges. Unequal relations considered inherent to North-South collaborations are still shaping the theoretical frameworks. This special section is an attempt to overcome this uneven and also dichotomous way of relating to North-South scientific collaborations. Global South serves as a decolonial end of a pluriverse of epistemic subjects. It is regarded as a process consisting of deconstructing labels, homogeneity, sameness, and dichotomies. Such a view is in contrast with the trendy labels Global South and decoloniality have acquired in the last decade in the scientific enterprise. This special section directs us to three authors’ articles from the Global South to illustrate the emergence of new ideas. The papers raise concerns related to territoriality, methodological shifts, and the ontological turn. The value and usefulness of the term Global South is important to distinguish it from the reference to subalternity and contexts of vulnerability and poverty.
Empowering HER: Harnessing the Power of Ideological Value Fit and Leadership Diversity in Female Talent Acquisition
Authors: Fan Alei , Wu Laurie , King Ceridwyn , Mattila Anna S.
Published: January 2025

Drawing on brand activism and organizational identification, this research demonstrates the critical role value fit and leadership diversity play in connecting female employees with hospitality companies. Two studies explored the theoretical propositions that a company’s value statement, reflecting its ideological values (i.e., pro-life vs. pro-choice) and related strategies (i.e., brand activism, leadership diversity), can enhance female employees’ responses to the company via a value fit mechanism. Study results demonstrate that prospective female employees are more willing to work and promote positive word-of-mouth for companies endorsing the same ideological values because of value fit, and further reveal women’s general preference for highly diverse leadership across ideological stances. This research contributes to women’s issues in hospitality and tourism research and sheds new light on brand activism. Our findings highlight the influence of corporate ideological values and leadership diversity and the impact of such value expressions in attracting and retaining like-minded female employees.
Associations of the Gap Between 2-Hour Post-Load Plasma Glucose and Fasting Blood Glucose With All-Cause or Cardiovascular Mortality in US Normoglycemic Adults
Authors: Liu Weiwei , Liu Zhiming , Ding Chen , Li Jie , Jiang Haifeng
Published: January 2025

Background

The gap between 2-hour post-load plasma glucose (2 h PG) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) has been shown to be informative of the risk of developing prediabetes and diabetes. We aimed to examine the significance of the gap between 2 h PG and FBG in relation to all-cause or cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in normoglycemic adults.

Methods

3611 normoglycemic participants from the 2005–2016 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included and dichotomized into the low (2 h PG ≤ FBG) and high post-load (2 h PG > FBG) groups. Associations of the gap between 2 h PG and FBG with all-cause or CVD mortality were evaluated with Kaplan-Meier curves, Cox proportional hazard ratio, and subgroup analysis.

Results

The mean age was 38.80 years, with a male prevalence of 43.59%. Finally, 1746 (50.22%) and 1865 (49.78%) participants were categorized into the low and high post-load groups, respectively. During a median follow-up of 107 months, 130 deaths (36 CVD-related) occurred. Kaplan-Meier curves showed significantly higher all-cause and CVD mortality rates in the high post-load group compared with the low post-load group. The hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval for all-cause and CVD mortality in the high post-load group were 1.816 (1.149–2.870) and 2.302 (1.052–5.038), respectively, with the low post-load group as the reference. The results were robust and consistent in the sensitivity and subgroup analyses.

Conclusion

The gap between 2 h PG and FBG may be potentially useful for predicting the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality in US normoglycemic adults.
What Mafia do we have in mind? An exploratory study on mafia representation among ordinary people
Authors: Marinaci Tiziana , Venuleo Claudia , Infurna Maria Rita , Di Maria Franco
Published: January 2025

Labels are frames that emphasize certain characteristics of a phenomenon while downplaying others. The mafia, widely recognized as a criminal organization, can also reveal much about the ways in which we give meaning to our life experiences. This study explores contemporary representations of the mafia among ordinary people in southern Italy. Using a semi-structured questionnaire, we collected open-ended responses from 587 participants about how they perceive the mafia. The analysis revealed four main thematic cores: the mafia as a cultural system rooted in society, as a parallel State, as a system of power, and as a social pathology. Our findings highlight the mafia’s complex role in the social fabric, a role played not just through criminal activity but also as a deeply embedded cultural and social phenomenon. These insights suggest the opportunity of community-focused psychological interventions.
Low-cost carriers means low-cost tourists? Exploring the expenditure patterns beyond airline ticket prices
Authors: Porta Flavio , Pantelaki Evangelia
Published: January 2025

This paper investigates the relationship between air travel and international tourism expenditure, with a focus on distinguishing the impacts of low-cost carriers (LCCs) and full-service carriers (FSCs). Leveraging a unique dataset of 407,116 individual-level observations from the Bank of Italy’s survey on international tourists in Italy (2013–2019), combined with seat capacity data from the Official Airline Guide (OAG), we analyze spending behavior across diverse categories. Our findings reveal that air travelers spend 18.4% more than non-air travelers; however, tourists flying with LCCs are associated with significantly lower expenditure than those using FSCs. Crucially, this behavior is not solely driven by lower airfares, as LCCs continue to attract cost-conscious tourists even when fares are comparable to FSCs. This nuanced relationship underscores the influence of switching costs, service perceptions, and carrier familiarity on consumer choices. These findings contribute to the broader understanding of consumer behavior in the air transport industry, with implications for optimizing economic and environmental outcomes.
Gender differences in cognitive impairment among the elderly in rural West Texas counties
Authors: Khan Hafiz , Farhana Fardous , Mostafa Fahad , Rafiq Aamrin , Nizia Effat W , Zabin Zawah , Atique Rumana , Dauenhauer Megan , Omotara Opemipo , Mujtaba Atqa , Palle Komaraiah , Reddy P Hemachandra
Published: January 2025

Background

The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease or dementia in the elderly population has been increasing both nationally and globally. Males and females are impacted differently when it comes to cognitive health, and this can be influenced by various risk factors.

Objective

This study highlights the sociodemographic, chronic disease, and genetic biomarker risk factors associated with gender differences and cognitive impairments in the elderly population living in Cochran, Parmer, and Bailey counties of rural West Texas.

Methods

Cross tabulation, Pearson’s chi-squared, two sample proportions, binary logistic regression, and multinomial logistic regression were utilized to analyze data. SPSS software was used to detect significant risk factors.

Results

Using a bivariate logistic regression, the age group 70 and above of males and females for the Cochran and Parmer counties was found significantly associated with cognitive impairment. Anxiety, depression, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease were found to be significantly associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment in females in Parmer County. Gender differences were observed in Cochran County for smoking but females in Bailey County were found to be more tobacco-dependent compared to other counties. However, in Cochran County the prevalence of cognitive impairment with rates of 66% for males and 70% for females was observed to be significantly lower in hypertensive group who consumed modified diet.

Conclusions

Gender-based disparities in cognitive impairment are essential for gaining more insights into Alzheimer's disease or dementia prevention and advancement of healthcare and medical approaches in the underserved rural communities of West Texas.
Microstructural evolution during low-temperature TLP bonding of Inconel 600 to copper for high-temperature service applications
Authors: Nahri Saeid
Published: January 2025

Transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding of Inconel 600 to copper was performed in an air atmosphere using a tin interlayer at 700°C for three different holding times of 5, 15, and 30 min. Prior to the bonding procedure, tin was soldered onto the Inconel600 bonding surface to displace the passive oxide layer as a wettability barrier. For samples processed for 5 min, various microstructures, including nickel solid solution ((Ni)ss) + Ni3Sn/(Ni)ss/Ni3Sn/copper solid solution ((Cu)ss) + δ, were detected, which were replaced by copper and nickel solid solutions as the bonding time increased to 30 min. By prolonging the bonding time from 5 to 30 min, not only did the shear strength increase from 73 to 171 MPa but also, on the basis of differential scanning calorimetry, the remelting point of the solidified composition at the interface of the 30-min bonded samples reached 987.4°C (250°C greater than the bonding temperature), enabling the joint to be used for high-service-temperature applications.
Investigation on the dual-stage SCR system control strategy based on NOx and exhaust temperature prediction model
Authors: Sun Haibo , Li Jincheng , Li Gang , Wang Hu , Li Linpeng , Ji Ou , Zheng Zunqing , Yao Mingfa
Published: January 2025

With the advancements in deep learning and neural network technologies within the engine technology domain, intelligent control of exhaust after-treatment systems has become viable. The exhaust temperature significantly affects the NOx conversion efficiency of the SCR system. In this study, a time-series prediction model for exhaust temperature and NOx emissions was first developed using the LSTM neural network based on experimental data, and a Multi-Head Attention Mechanism was introduced to enhance the model’s predictive performance (LSTM-MA model). Subsequently, a dual-stage SCR system’s ammonia-to-NOx ratio control method (LSTM-ANR) was developed based on LSTM-MA model. The potential of the dual-stage SCR system using the LSTM-ANR control method to reduce NOx emissions during the WHTC cycle was analyzed using GT-Power and Simulink software. Finally, the experimental results show that the cold-state and hot-state WHTC cycle’ weighted NOx emission and conversion efficiency are 0.165 g/kW·h and 98.6%, respectively. Compared to the original data from the engine, NOx emission was reduced by 64.13%. This proves that the control method can effectively lower NOx emission.
Gillian Rose and the promise of speculative sociology
Authors: Gane Nicholas
Published: January 2025

While Gillian Rose (1947–95) is acknowledged to be one of the most important social theorists of the late-20th Century, her work continues to exist in a state of relative obscurity. The argument of the present paper is that there are good reasons for returning to Rose’s work, and in particular her vision of a speculative sociology. A defining feature of such a sociology, for Rose, is that ethical life begins with the attempt to think what Hegel terms the ‘absolute’. However, a sociological ethics does not feature prominently in Rose’s later texts, in particular Love’s Work and Mourning Becomes the Law, which centre on questions of death, love, time, and eternity. This article argues, by way of response, that a speculative sociology should be accompanied by an ethics of responsibility for the Other, and that such an ethics can be developed from the writings of Soren Kierkegaard, Max Weber and Zygmunt Bauman.
Research on IP-based network architecture for advanced metering infrastructure of power grid network
Authors: Zhao Yitao , Shen Xin , Chen Chuanxu
Published: January 2025

The implementation of smart grids is progressing rapidly, with the advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) serving as the initial phase. The current AMI in China utilizes a master–slave communication architecture that lacks user interactivity. This limited approach hinders the comprehensive advancement of domestic AMI. Utilizing shared, open IP protocols to revolutionize the domestic AMI will eliminate communication limitations, and permit multi-service concurrency within the AMI. In comparison to foreign AMIs, this paper examines the factors that necessitate the adoption of IP-based transformation in domestic AMI. It proposes designs for IP-based AMI, focusing on both network protocol and network topology aspects. The Mininet software is utilized to construct AMIs before and after IP-based transformation, enabling a comparison of their network performance. The results show that, without impairing the original performance of AMI, the modification of AMI based on IP not only enhances its connectivity in the local area network but also improves the communication speed and efficiency of the network.
Steven W. Floyd: His legacy as a scholar and academic community builder
Authors: Balogun Julia , Lechner Christoph , Rouleau Linda , Wooldridge Bill
Published: January 2025

Steven W. Floyd sadly passed away in October 2022. This essay is written in memory of him. Our intent is to celebrate Steve’s lasting legacy, which includes not just his track record as a distinguished scholar in the field of strategic management but also his unselfish citizenship in the academic community. During his career, Steve mentored and supported numerous junior faculty and doctoral students, served as an editor of several journals, and provided institutional leadership both at the Schools where he worked and within the field’s professional societies. We are honored to have been asked to write this essay as individuals who worked with Steve and knew him as a colleague and friend.
The Association of Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and Chronic Kidney Disease Stages on Survival and Cardiovascular or Limb Events Following Endovascular Therapy
Authors: Watanabe Yusuke , Naganuma Toru , Tahara Satoko , Okutsu Masaaki , Hozawa Koji
Published: January 2025

Background:

There are little available data about the impact of geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) on clinical outcomes following endovascular therapy (EVT) in chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) regarding the severities of renal dysfunction (RD).

Aims:

The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of GNRI on clinical outcomes following EVT in CLTI regarding the severities of RD.

Methods:

We enrolled 705 consecutive CLTI cases treated with EVT between January 2010 and December 2019 at our hospital. The GNRI on admission was calculated as follows: [14.89 × albumin (g/dL)] + [41.7 × (body weight/ideal body weight)]. Study population were divided into 2 groups based on the median GNRI: low group (GNRI < 92) and high group (GNRI ≥ 92). Next, study population was divided to 3 groups according to estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), which was defined as early RD group (60 ≤ eGFR), advanced RD group (15 ≤ eGFR < 60), and end-stage renal dysfunction (ESRD) group (eGFR < 15). The primary endpoint was 2-year amputation-free survival (AFS).

Results:

The median follow-up duration was 25.2 months. Amputation-free survival was significantly lower in the low GNRI group regardless of any severities of RD (59.1% vs 90.2%, Log Rank P<0.001 in early RD group, 59.6% vs 80.8%, Log Rank P=0.011 in advanced RD group, 32.8% vs 61.1%, Log Rank P<0.001 in ESRD group).

Conclusion:

The decrease of GNRI could predict clinical outcomes in CLTI following EVT regardless of any severities of RD based on eGFR.

Clinical Impact

The decrease of geriatric nutritional risk index was associated with worse outcomes in chronic limb-threatening ischemia following endovascular therapy regardless of any severities of renal dysfunction. Because both renal dysfunction and chronic limb-threatening ischemia could potentially have any inflammation, the geriatric nutritional risk index, which can reflect both nutrition-related risks and inflammation severity, can be a plausible marker in predicting adverse events after endovascular therapy in chronic limb-threatening ischemia patients with renal dysfunction.
Learning Curve for Robotic Inguinal Hernia Repair With da Vinci Single-Port Robotic System
Authors: Celotto Francesco , Ramacciotti Niccolò , Danieli Giacomo , Pinto Federico , Spolverato Gaya , Morelli Luca , Bianco Francesco Maria
Published: January 2025

Background

Transabdominal pre-peritoneal inguinal hernia repair using the da Vinci Single-Port robot (SP-TAPP) is currently performed in few centers. We aimed to define the learning curve for SP-TAPP by analyzing operative times.

Methods

The operative times of 122 SP-TAPP performed between 2019 and 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The following phases were analyzed: docking time (DT); pre-robot time (PRT, from skin incision to side cart placement); flap closure time (FCT); console time (CT), and overall time (OT). Cumulative sum analysis (CUSUM) was used to analyze learning curves. Surgical and 30-day outcome were analyzed.

Results

The DT has remained constant over time ( P > 0.9). PRT was divided into 3 phases with n1 = 5, n2 = 95 and n3 = 4, in which there was a progressive decrease in time (14.8 vs 11.9 vs 6.8 min; P = 0.08). In FCT and CT, 3 phases were identified in which times remained stable ( P > 0.9 and P = 0.7). CUSUM analysis of OT identified 3 phases consisting of n1 = 13, n2 = 100 and n3 = 9 in which there was a progressive decrease in times (82 vs 72 vs 62 min; P = 0.3). Analysis of complications and early surgical outcomes did not differ except for estimated blood loss, although this was a clinically insignificant finding.

Conclusions

The learning curve for SP-TAPP is rapid and it shows how the technical skills are transferable between the multiport platform and the da Vinci Single Port robotic system for an experienced surgeon. An improvement is evident in PRT and OT, also compared to multiport systems, showing a potential for the platform to increase surgical activity.
Assessing the Return of Function After Various Approaches to Stable Fixation of Metacarpal Fractures
Authors: Rahmati Kasra , Jain Nirbhay S. , Bollavaram Keval , Gamalong Giovanni M. , Benhaim Prosper , Azari Kodi K.
Published: January 2025

Background:

Multiple approaches exist for operative fixation of metacarpal fractures; with common treatments including lag screw fixation or open-reduction internal fixation (ORIF) with plates and screws. Recently, the adaptation of intramedullary screw (IMS) placement has allowed for an essentially closed approach with stable fixation and theoretically improved outcomes. Thus, we sought to compare such approaches to ultimately determine the superior method for achieving the goal of return to normal function.

Methods:

We performed a retrospective study of all patients in our institution with metacarpal fractures requiring operative fixation over a 10-year period, with at least 6 months follow-up. Preoperative demographics, fracture characteristics, and operative data were collected. First digit metacarpal fractures along with any occurring at the base of the bone were excluded, as IMS fixation is not typically performed in such cases. Postoperative outcomes, including range of motion, hand therapy requirements, and time to subjective recovery were also compared.

Results:

A total of 154 metacarpals were included in this study. Patients treated via IMS experienced shorter operative and tourniquet times compared to ORIF, with a faster return to subjective normal function, a greater range of motion, and reduced need for hand therapy. Complication rates were similar. This held true in isolated metacarpal fractures as well.

Conclusions:

Intramedullary screw exhibited improved functional outcomes when compared against ORIF, exhibiting improved patient outcomes with comparable complication rates and should be considered as a method for fixation of metacarpal fractures within appropriate settings.
Fuzzy sliding mode control based on an adaptive sliding surface and extended state observer for automotive electric power steering
Authors: Nguyen Tuan Anh
Published: January 2025

Electric power steering control faces several issues related to state errors, sensor noise, and chattering. This article proposes an adaptive robust control method based on a sliding mode control mechanism to address the existing drawbacks. The sliding surface of this controller is adjusted dynamically by a fuzzy technique, which is formed by two inputs and one output. The system disturbances and state variables are estimated by an extended state observer instead of being measured by expensive sensors. Combining the above techniques is a new contribution to the article to improve the system’s control performance. Numerical simulations are performed in three cases with varying driver torque and velocity. The computational results reveal that the output signals of the system controlled by the proposed method closely track the desired values, with errors not exceeding 1.5% (except for the assisted current). The observed error of the system disturbance does not exceed 12.172%, while the observed error of the remaining state variables is less than 3%. Overall, the performance of the proposed algorithm is significantly improved compared with the traditional control methods.
Global mobility reimagined: Navigating traditional and virtual study abroad management
Authors: Mammadova Tamilla , Allen Todd J
Published: January 2025

Academic mobility has become essential to higher education, fostering global collaboration, cross-cultural engagement, language learning, and transformative educational experiences. Programs such as Erasmus+, UMAP, and Global Virtual Exchange enable millions of students, educators, and administrators to navigate the complexities of crossing borders—both physical and virtual—broadening perspectives, fostering international connections, and enhancing educational outcomes. However, these initiatives continue to encounter significant challenges, such as logistical complexities, a shortage of specialized support personnel, and the pressing need for staff development and effective digital tool integration. Additionally, identity and inclusivity remain central to the discussion, highlighting the importance of equity and critical engagement in mobility programs. To meet these demands, institutions are reshaping their frameworks and policies to ensure accessibility, cultural sensitivity, and effectiveness in mobility programs across the globe.
The effects of perceived trust in coach on performance in soccer team: Mediating role of team climate
Authors: Lee Seungjoo , Kwon Sungho , Lee Doheung
Published: January 2025

This study examined the effect of trust in coach as perceived by soccer players on team climate and team performance. The survey was conducted using a combination of in-person and online and responses were collected through a self-report questionnaire, allowing participants to provide answers based on their own experiences and perceptions. A total of 202 soccer players (N = 202, male: 135, female: 67) registered with the Korea Football Association (KFA) responded to the survey. The age range of the participants was between 14 and 29 years, with a mean age of 18.43 years. Furthermore, Participants’ team levels were categorized as middle and high school (74.7%), university (17.8%), and professional (7.5%). Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted to verify the normality of the data, while correlation analysis was performed to examine the relationships between variables. In addition, regression analysis was conducted using Hayes’ PROCESS macro to examine the mediating effects. As we expected, trust in coach was significantly related to team climate and team performance. Trust in coach was found to predict the team climate and team performance positively. Also, the mediating effect of team climate in the relationship between trust in coach and team performance was significant. These findings underscore the importance of trust and positive climate within sports teams, indicating the necessity of establishing trust between coaches and players and fostering a positive team climate for effective team management.
Reliability evaluation of the grabbing, positioning, and release mechanism for gravitational wave detection
Authors: Mei Guangyao , Wang Ke , Wu Yuwei , Hu Jinbo , Yang Fei , Zhang Jinxiu , Wu Jianing
Published: January 2025

Predicting reliability is an essential part of the design phase for ensuring mission success. In the realm of gravitational wave detection, the integrity and dependability of the Grabbing, Positioning, and Release Mechanism (GPRM) are paramount for its effective space-based deployment. However, predicting reliability of a complex mechanical system like the GPRM during the design phase poses significant challenges due to the harsh and variable conditions of the space environment. This paper addresses these challenges by proposing a reliability evaluation method that combines the stochastic and degradation characteristics of the GPRM, according to which both randomness of the stud position and the degradation of the piezoelectric coefficient are considered. Failure criteria are established based on mission performance indicators, and the Kaplan-Meier estimator is used to analyze the mechanism reliability of the GPRM over time. The result predicts that the reliability of the GPRM is around 0.8 after 107 operating cycles. This finding demonstrates that our proposed method is an effective approach for evaluating reliability, offering valuable insights for ensuring the long-term performance and successful operation of precision mechanisms.
Impact of glucocorticoids on the therapeutic efficacy of denosumab against osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Yang Jiwon , Park Youngjae , Lee Jennifer Jooha , Kwok Seung-Ki , Ju Ji Hyeon , Kim Wan-Uk , Park Sung-Hwan
Published: January 2025

Background:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and prolonged high-dose glucocorticoid (GC) treatment are established risk factors for osteoporosis.

Objectives:

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of denosumab according to the GC dose considered to increase the risk of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) in patients with RA.

Design:

A retrospective analysis of collected data on RA patients with osteoporosis starting denosumab.

Methods:

We included 418 patients with RA who were started on denosumab therapy and categorized them into those with and without GC intake ⩾2.5 mg/day for >3 months. The T-score and areal bone mineral density (aBMD) at the lumbar spine, total hip, and femur neck, as well as serum bone turnover markers, were measured at baseline and 12 months. We performed between-group and within-group comparisons of the BMD values at baseline and at 12 months.

Results:

Denosumab significantly increased the T-scores and aBMD at the lumbar spine, total hip, and femur neck after 12 months, regardless of GC intake. However, apart from the T-score at the lumbar spine, the other parameters did not show significant between-group differences. Similarly, in patients with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody positivity or those treated with biologic or targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), although there were significant increases in the T-score and areal BMD at all sites in both groups, there were no significant between-group differences.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that the GC dose considered to increase the risk of GIOP did not significantly attenuate the therapeutic efficacy of denosumab in RA patients, including those positive for anti-CCP antibodies and users of biologic or targeted synthetic DMARDs.
Undesignated Glucagon in Schools for the Treatment of Diabetes-Related Hypoglycemia: A 2025 Update
Authors: Krecic Matthew R.
Published: January 2025

Hypoglycemia will occur on school grounds in students with diabetes who are receiving glucose-lowering drugs. Hypoglycemia may be severe, in which a student is unconscious or comatose. Fast-acting carbohydrates remain the first line of treatment for nonsevere hypoglycemia but preparedness with emergency injectable or intranasal glucagon is ideal. Students may not have their own glucagon devices, so unassigned or undesignated glucagon for use with any student in which glucagon is part of their hypoglycemia treatment plan is critical. Several states have laws permitting undesignated glucagon in schools, and school nurses residing in states without such laws could strongly advocate their state legislators to enact similar laws to ensure students in the nurses’ care have access to this lifesaving treatment.