bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Semantic-Based Multi-Domain Data Access Authorization
Authors: AbdulKadhim Noor , Al-Wahah Mouiad
Published: March 2021

Different domains employ variety of access control rules to protect the resources lay within their perimeters. When trying to access a resource from outside one’s domain, various issues are arising which prevent cooperating among those domains without endangering the security of the protected resources. The main challenge is how to efficiently handle the rights of users throughout the period of interoperation between various domains. In this paper, we propose a semantic-based multi-domain authorization approach that protects the resources on the multiple domains and, at the same time, provides a steady, flexible and secure authorized access to the protected resources. Two algorithms are described, one for single-domain authorization and the other is for multi-domain authorization. Our approach is based on dynamically merging access control policy rules for various domains in one large ontology, then extracting the access decision. We develop a proof-of-concept implementation and give the complexity analysis for our approach.
Efficient Implementation for PRINCE Algorithm in FPGA Based on the BB84 Protocol
Authors: Abdullah Alharith A. , Obeid Noor R.
Published: March 2021

The current study introduces a hardware-implemented PRINCE block cipher within Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) determined by the quantum cryptography protocol (BB84). Most security-related software applications of cryptographic algorithms tend to be rather slow and of no efficiency. So as to present a solution to this issue, a new hardware architecture is suggested for speeding up the execution of the PRINCE algorithm and increasing its flexibility, yet with more security. Concurrent computing designs allow an encryption block data of 64 bits during a single clock cycle, resulting in the reduction of hardware area and the production of a higher throughput and relatively lower latency. Higher speed processing and lower power consumption are other features that have been observed. This could be achieved by means of implementing the encrypting, decrypting and quantum key schedule using little hardware sources, followed by the development of a sufficient hardware architecture model for the PRINCE algorithm through very high speed integrated circuit hardware description language (VHDL). The synthetization of this VHDL design is eventually performed in FPGA boards. As for the present study, two FPGA boards have been employed, namely Virtex-4 and Kintex-7. The resulting data indicates the throughput and efficiency values to be (2.029 Gbps) and (1.9 Mbps/slice) for Virtex-4, and (3.931 Gbps) and (7.290 Mbps/slice) for Kintex-7, all respectively.
Independent Domination Number for some Special types of Snake Graph
Authors: Senthurpriya N. , Meenakshi S.
Published: March 2021

Let G(V, E) be a graph, V has a subset C, contains vertices with atleast one vertex in V that is not in C, then G has the dominating set C. If C has vertices that is not adjacent to one another, then G has an independent dominating set C and so the number of vertices present in the set C represents the IDN, the minimum cardinality of the sets C. In this paper, we were going to deal with Snake graphs in specific, Alternate Triangular and Alternate Quadrilateral Snake graphs. Keeping the concepts of these graphs as our base we extend our paper by defining n-Alternative Triangular Snake graphA(Tn), n-Alternative Double Triangular Snake graph nA(D(Tn)), n-Alternative Quadrilateral Snake graphA(Qn) and n-Alternative Double Quadrilateral Snake graphA(D(Qn)). Further we obtain independent domination number for some special types of snake graphs, in particular n-Alternative Triangular Snake graph nA(Tn, n-Alternative Double Triangular Snake graph nA(D(Tn)), n-Alternative Double Triangular Snake graph nA(Qn)and n-Alternative Quadrilateral Snake graph and n-Alternative Double Quadrilateral Snake graphA(D(Qn)).
Detection of Malware from IOT Devices Using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Sudhakaran Pradeep , Malathy C , Vardhan T Harsha , Sainadh T
Published: March 2021

Today, in the current worldwide situation, Security specialists have exhibited various dangers forced by Internet of Things (IoT) gadgets on associations. Because of the far-reaching appropriation of such gadgets, their decent variety, institutionalization impediments, and intrinsic portability, associations require a clever component able to do naturally recognizing suspicious IoT gadgets associated with their systems. Particularly, devices excluded inside a white colored rundown of dependable IoT gadget kinds (permitted to become used within the hierarchical premises) ought to become recognized. There’s a convincing has to average predisposition as well as evaluate the techniques autonomously to end up at an additional much better method for powerful zero-day malware area. In the proposed framework, profound neural system is utilized to precisely recognizing IoT gadget malware from the considered dataset. The dataset considered for the investigation is the freely accessible dataset Ember Opcode is utilized with a subset containing 70,140 considerate and 69,860 vindictive documents. We proposed to accomplish high exactness in our proposed framework.
Identification of freshwater - saltwater interface in coastal areas using combination of geophysical and geochemical methods: A case study in Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Ha Quang-Khai , Vo Phu Le , Phan Chu-Nam , Pham Van-Hung , Nguyen Viet-Ky
Published: March 2021

Saltwater intrusion is widely observed in coastal aquifers because fresh groundwater is over exploited and abstraction wells were installed too close to saltwater intrusion zone. Identification of salt/fresh groundwater interface is important for fresh groundwater protection. This study presents an application of combination groundwater investigation methods including vertical electric sounding (VES), geochemistry and geographic information system (GIS) tools for delineation of salt/fresh groundwater interface in Mekong Delta. Twenty-seven groundwater samples are collected in existing wells for chemical analysis. Vertical electric sounding (VES) method was conducted for 37 sites to delineate freshwater zone (TDS <1g/L) and saline groundwater zone (TDS>1 g/L). Two new wells are also installed after VES measurement for groundwater sampling. Result of geochemical analysis show that TDS values of groundwater samples range from 0.25 g/L to 1.3 g/L and Cl from 8.8 to 758.6 mg/L. Electrical resistivity values range from 2 to 18.4 Ωm. The electrical resistivity values less than 10.4 Ωm is well correlated to saline groundwater. The study shows that even though VES can be an effective tool for identification of fresh/saline groundwater distribution, the method could not identify the saltwater intrusion zone. Combination of geochemical and GIS methods can clearly delineate saltwater intrusion zone. The study results show that fresh groundwater is limited in a small area of upper-middle Pleistocene aquifers. The fresh groundwater is highly affected by salinization. Therefore, the area urgently needs to take proper measures for sustainable groundwater development.
Impact of climate change and socio-economic development on the water balance and water quality of the Can Tho River
Authors: Thi Ngoc Giau Vo , Thi Bich Tuyen Phan , Nguyen Hieu Trung , Thanh Vo Quoc
Published: March 2021

The Can Tho River plays an important role in ensuring water supply for life and socio-economic activities of Can Tho city. The problem is that the water supply and water demand in the future are difficult to predict. Therefore, it needs an approach which is capable of analyzing the water balance. This study aims to identify the impact of climate change and socio-economic development on the water balance and water quality in the future (2030s and 2050s). We used the Vietnam Water Quality Index (VN-WQI) as an analysis tool and the Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) model. Results show that in the period of 2010-2019, both water quality and quantity of the Can Tho River can still meet the water demands. However, the Can Tho River will not be able to use due to pollution of BOD, COD and NH4
+-N matters in the future. The water demand increases significantly under the impacts of rapid urbanization and industrialization. Thus, this also increases wastewater discharged into the Can Tho River. The surface water of the Can Tho River is projected to be declined under the impacts of climate change. We found that the water supply is much higher than the water demand in Can Tho city, so the water quality is the deciding factor for different purposes.
Meta-analysis of essential oil effectiveness against phythopathogen in forest plant nurseries
Authors: Akromah Z N , Achmad  , Jayanegara A
Published: March 2021

The study aims to use a meta-analytical procedure to analyze the potential of essential oils (EO) in inhibiting the growth of pathogens in vitro using published data on an online database. The author accessed the online databases using search keywords, which are essential oils against phytopathogens and essential oils for fungicides to collect the article. The collected articles or sources were utilized to arrange the database. Twenty-nine studies were included to assess the inhibitory effect of EO on the growth of pathogenic mycelium in vitro. The collected data were analyzed statistically using a Continuous Random-Effects Model was used to ascertain a pooled effect estimate of EO treatment on mycelium inhibition. The analysis was performed using the Open Meta-analyst for Ecology and Evolution (Open MEE) software. Based on the literature review, EO in various types and concentrations can inhibit mycelium growth with standardized mean difference (SMD) = 48.734, 95% CI 45.613 to 51.855, p < 0.001. The results of the present study revealed the potential of EO to inhibit mycelium growth. The current meta-analysis also sets the steps for standardized experimental designs on the use of EO for bio fungicides trials in the future.
Sustainability of pompano production in the waters of North Aceh
Authors: Indra  , Putri N A , Marsudi E
Published: March 2021

Pompano fish production from 2009 to 2018 often fluctuated with the tendency to decrease in the last two years. The highest production happened in 2006 reaching 50 tons per year while the lowest production reached 24 tons in 2013. This present study aims to analyze the status of pompano resource management in the actual condition, Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY), Maximum Economic Yield (MEY), and Open Access (OA) as well as to identify the level of resource utilization of pompano fish in North Aceh waters in accordance to the allowable catch. The study found that pompano fisheries resources in the MSY regime produced 54.49 tons per year and the level of effort was 1,301 trips with the profit of Rp 468,714,567 per year. In the MEY regime the catch reached 48.22 tons with the catch effort of 860 trips and the profit gained of Rp 636,447,069 per year. The management in the MEY regime is more efficient than that in the MSY. The level of pompano resource utilization is in the status of fully exploited with a percentage value of 92%. The utilization of pompano fisheries may still be done under supervision to avoid damage to fish resources and the environment.
Agricultural sustainability assessment: A network-based approach with evidence from Jiangsu Province, China
Authors: Xiong F , Huang L
Published: March 2021

Sustainability assessment is one of the fundamental ingredients in modern agricultural development. Various sustainability assessment approaches relying on macroeconomic indicators have been proved to be inappropriate in practice. This study aims to establish a concise and testable assessment approach by employing the network and evolutionary geographic economic theory. The big data of Chinese agricultural enterprises in Jiangsu Province has enriched our research fruit in terms of empirical evidence. Results indicated the agricultural sustainability has been generally increasing at the provincial level for the last twenty years, but diversified development paths have appeared referring to different cities. Relevant recommendations were focused on the openness governance and horizontal integration of the local agricultural industry.
Decreasing Oxalate Levels in Kimpul Tubers (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) by Physical and Chemical Methods
Authors: Sulaiman I , Annisa C , Lubis Y M , Rozali Z F , Noviasari S , Eriani K , Asrizal C W
Published: March 2021

Kimpul tubers have anti-nutritional substances in the form of calcium oxalate (CaC2O4) which when consumed will cause itching sensations in the skin, mouth, throat and digestive tract. Calcium oxalate content in kimpul tubers is 1,740 mg / 100 g. The safe limit for consuming oxalate for adults is 0.60-1.25 g per day for 6 consecutive weeks. In this research, a combination of physical and chemical methods will be carried out with taro varieties, namely Umbi Kimpul (Aceh Besar). Physical treatment (boiling and steaming) and followed by immersion treatment with chemicals (6% sodium bicarbonate, 20% acetic acid and 10% sodium chloride) are thought to affect the decrease in calcium oxalate in taro. The lowest oxalate content of kimpul tuber flour was obtained, namely 13.62 mg / 100 g of the material from the boiling treatment by soaking in 20% CH3COOH. While the steaming treatment with the lowest levels of calcium oxalate in kimpul tuber flour, namely 22.28 mg / 100 g after soaking in 6% NaHCO3. The two values obtained from the test results were lower than the calcium oxalate content of fresh kimpul tubers, which was 42.35 mg / 100 g.
Characterization of several collection genotypes of Cayenne Chili (Capsicum frustescense) in Aceh
Authors: Hafsah S , Nura  , Rahmawati M , Hayati E , Syukur M , Firdaus
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to obtain information about genotypes characterization results of several IPB collection’s cayenne chili genotypes in Aceh. This research was conducted in the East Sector Experimental Field and the Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University from February 2019 to July 2019. This study used a one-factor randomized block design. This study used 11 IPB genotypes of cayenne chilli and 5 comparison varieties. Each treatment consisted of three replications and each experimental unit consisting of 20 plants. The result of cluster analysis on qualitative characters and quantitative characters in cayenne chilli produces two clusters. Cluster I consists of 10 genotypes which include F5 285290-237-6-1, F6 285290-6-10-1-1, F5 285290-290-2-1, F5 285290-290-9-1, F5 285290-290-9-3, F5 321290- 40-2-1, F6 285290-123-6-15, F6 321290-252-10-8-4, F5 285290-38-6-3, F6 321290-252-10-8-2, Cluster II consists of five varieties and one genotype which includes the Bonita variety, Garut local varieties (290), Taruna (295), Cakra Putih (285) and Tabasco (321) and one tested genotype F6 321290-252-10- 8-75. Mostly, the genotypes resulted from crossing has a different group with its parents, this is presumably due to the influence of genetic and environmental factors to the plant's growth.
Identification of lactic acid bacteria from etawa goat milk kopelma Darussalam Village, Banda Aceh
Authors: Rahmawati N , Syukri M , Darmawi D , Zachreini I , Yusuf M , Idroes R
Published: March 2021

Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) has been carried out based on the catalase test and Gram staining of Etawa pure Goat Milk samples that obtained from Kopelma Village, Darussalam District, Banda Aceh City, Aceh Province. De Man, Rogosa, Sharpe Agar (MRSA) media was used for LAB isolation. There were 10 isolates of goat milk bacteria that used for microscopic characteristics, morphological observations, catalase test and Gram staining. Based on the microscopic test, it was explained that all colonies had similar characteristics, that having a round shape, convex surface shape, 1-2 mm diameter and cream color. In the catalase test, the results were negative, because all isolates did not produce gas bubbles after dripped with H2O2 solution. The morphological results showed that all isolates were Gram positive, marked by purple cells and bacilli cells. Based on the Gram staining and the shape of the bacillus cells, it were suspected that milk isolates are candidates for the genus Lactobacillus. Microscopic diagnosis is only a provisional presumption. Therefore, it needs a conclusive diagnosis, such as biochemical properties which are important factors that must be carried out for the next stage.
Phytochemical and infra-radiation test of Mangkokan leaf (Nothophanax scutellarum merr.)
Authors: Sriyanti C , Siregar T N , Mudatsir  , Gani A
Published: March 2021

Mangkokan (Nothophanax scutellarium merr.) is an ornamental plant that can be used to treat disease. Generally, the leaves are used as a lactant, diuretic or medicine to treat breast inflammation, swelling, hair loss, fever, headaches and constipation. The research objective was to identify the active compound content via Fourier Transform Infrared Radiation (FTIR) in Mangkokan leaf extract. This study used n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and ethanol as solvents. The yield was 2.4% with 2.4 g n-hexane extract, a yield of 3.39% with 3.39 g of ethyl acetate extract, a yield of 17.39% with 17.39 g of methanol extract, and a yield of 19.55% with 19.55 g ethanol extract. The secondary metabolite test obtained positive n-hexane extract results containing steroids, positive ethyl acetate extract containing alkaloids (using Dragendorff’s, Mayer’s and Wagner’s reagents), steroids and phenols. In contrast, methanol and ethanol extracts had the same content, namely alkaloids (confirmed via Dragendorff’s, Mayer’s and Wagner’s reagents), flavonoids, steroids, tannins, phenols and saponins. FTIR analyzed fuctional groups for each extract through radiation at different wavelengths.
Detection of Xa-27 gene in rice progenies F4from hybridization of tinggong / IRBB27 and its resistance to bacterial blight
Authors: Zakaria S , Basyah B , Oktarina H , Kesumawati E , Jalil M , Suriani
Published: March 2021

Tinggong, one of Acehnese rice variety which has long-life span, low production, high stems, and susceptible to bacterial blight (BB). To improve its performance, Tinggong has been crossbred with IRBB27 which has resistance gene (Xa-27) to BB. Five genotypes (T2, T3, T10, T18, T22) of F4from the cross were used in this research. The existences of Xa-27 gene in the plants were detected molecularly using dominant STS (Sequence-Tagged Site) marker M964e. Phenotypic analysis of plants resistance to BB were performed by inoculation ofXoostrain IV and VIII at 15 DAT and analysed their lesion at three weeks of inoculation. Prospective genotypes were identified based on their agronomic characters. The results showed that from 60 plant samples observed, 47 plants (78,33%) from the cross inherited Xa-27 gene, and 34 plants (56,6%) showed resistance to bothXoostrain IV and VIII. The study also revealed that there were 8 plants from this genotypes has potential to be developed. These plants showed resistance to bothXoostrain IV and VIII, harvesting time from 108-116 days after sowing, with estimated production from 6,3-9,4 ton ha-1. These genotypes were T2.10; T3.12; T10.9; T18.1; T18.2; T18.7; T18.10and T22.3.
The effect of drying land on the character of corn (Zea mays) on lightness properties
Authors: Hadipernata M , Al-Baarri A N , Somantri M , Munarso J , Rachmat R , Rahayu E , Pratiwi A F , Setyadi B , Mawarid A A , Pangestika W , Lestari F P
Published: March 2021

Corn is one of the most popular agricultural commodities in Indonesia. As a traditional farming system, the corn was then dried under the sun after harvesting resulting in the specific appearance. This research was aimed at determining the lightness in corn after the dry process using the oven. The corn after harvesting in 120 days was transferred to the laboratory and oven-dried at 38-43°C for 7 days. Based on the research conducted, the lightness of the corn experienced changing day by day and through the detection using lightness value, the decrease could be determined. The conclusion of this study was that the longer the drying caused the reduction in lightness of the corn.
Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy: classification and rapid prediction of patchouli oil content
Authors: Basyir F , Munawar A.A , Aisyah Y.
Published: March 2021

Patchouli is a fragrant oil that produces essential oils known as patchouli oil. The main content of patchouli oil is Patchouli alcohol (PA), generally to determine the PA content of patchouli oil uses chemicals and the waste is not good for the environment. Therefore, there is another alternative method to address these problem, one of the alternative technologies to determine the content of patchouli oil is to use Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS). NIRS can be used to analyze samples rapidly, easily, non-destructive and does not require any chemicals. In this study, the PA content and patchouli oil refractive index were obtained through the acquisition of NIRS spectrum in patchouli oil samples from several different regions with different fractions. Patchouli oil classification is carried out by the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method. The content of PA content and refractive index is carried out by verifying the factual results of laboratory tests using the Principal Component Regression (PCR) method. Patchouli alcohol spectrum data is found in the wavelength range of 1350-1450 nm and 1950-2100 nm. Predicted results with PCR for PA content and refractive index show values R2 = 0.95 and 0.99 respectively with RPD values of 5.07 and 0.0011.
Chemical characteristics of cascara tea from several varieties of coffee in Aceh Province
Authors: Murlida E , Noviasari S , Nilda C , Rohaya S , Rahmi F , Muzaifa M
Published: March 2021

In coffee processing, coffee husks are usually thrown out, creating a large amount of waste which can potentially pollute the environment. In several countries, coffee husks have been used as a drink and have a high selling value known as cascara tea. The aim of this study is to determine the differences in the chemical characteristics of cascara tea made from three coffee varieties in Aceh Province. This study used a randomized block design with coffee variety as the single factor, either Arabica, Liberica, or Robusta and analyzed by ANOVA. The parameters analyzed were pH value, total dissolved solids, total phenol, and antioxidant activity. The results showed that coffee varieties affected the pH value, total dissolved solids, and total phenol in the brewed cascara. However, coffee varieties do not affect the antioxidant activity of cascara tea. The average pH value of cascara tea obtained was 5.17, total dissolved solids was 0.54 Brix, total phenol was 0.58 mg GAE/ml and antioxidant activity was 70.02%. The highest total phenolic compounds were obtained from Robusta coffee varieties with 0.64 mg GAE/ml. It is necessary to carry out further analysis of the volatile compounds and their correlation with the resulting cascara tea flavor.
N, P and K content in non-soil planting media for pakchoy (Brassica rapa L.) cultivation in vertical circulation system of aquaponics
Authors: Zaitun  , Halim A , Rahya S
Published: March 2021

This study attempts to integrate freshwater fish aquaculture with vegetable cultivation by using agricultural waste as planting media. It is expected that environment friendly technology will be developed for integration of pak choy cultivation and freshwater catfish production (Clarias sp.). The aims of the study are to determine the types of organic planting media and aquaponics watering system that is able to provide sufficient nutrients to the integrated agriculture system. Four organic materials from agricultural wastes e.g. shavings woods, coconut husk, coconut shell biochar and coffee shell biochar were used for growing media. Two aquaponic watering systems with catfish rearing were combined with the organic materials as planting media in a factorial randomized block design of experiment. Addition of organic materials into growing media of pak choy is necessary in the aquaponic system because besides make the media better texture, they also provide nutrients to the plant, particularly the phosphorus. Between the organic materials, coconut shell biochar was high content in phosphorus, while coffee shell biochar in potassium. The experiment also concluded that water circulation has no effect on the nutrition concentration in the aquaponic system.
Comparison of the prosperity of coffee and non-coffee farmers in Central Aceh District based on expenditure, access to food, and ownership of assets
Authors: Zulkarnain  , Rahmaddiansyah  , Bagio
Published: March 2021

Central Aceh District, Aceh, Indonesia, is well known as a coffee-producing region. However, based on land elevation, not all areas in this district are suitable for producing coffee. Thus, not all farmers can cultivate coffee. This study examines the difference in prosperity between farmers who cultivate coffee and farmers who do not. Prosperity varies based on household members' expenditure per capita, access to food, and assets owned by the two farmers' groups. The study uses the Chi-Square Test of Independence and Independent Samples t-Test. Based on per capita expenditure, access to food, and assets, the results demonstrate no significant difference in the welfare of the two groups of farmers.
Material characteristics and electrochemical performance of lithium-ion capacitor with activated carbon cathode derived from sugarcane bagasse
Authors: Elang Barruna A G , Muhamad Naufal R , Nugraha Mohammad Ridho , Subiyanto Iyan , Tinaprilla Netti , Subhan Achmad , Chairul Hudaya
Published: March 2021

Lithium-Ion Capacitor (LIC), a hybrid energy storage device, is believed to be an ideal option for energy storage device applications due to its properties with high specific energy and high specific power. In this study, LIC’s cathode material is made of activated carbon derived from sugarcane bagasse prepared by the carbonization process at 500OC for 60 minutes and activation process utilizing KOH as an activating agent at varying temperatures and varying ratios of carbon to KOH mass. This paper also compares the material characteristic and electrochemical performance. In this paper, full cells of LIC are fabricated using activated carbon as the cathode material and LTO as the anode material. Sugarcane bagasse activated carbons are characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET). The electrochemical performance of LIC is obtained from cyclic voltammetry (CV) and charge-discharge (CD). Sugarcane bagasse activated carbon (SBAC) produces a high specific surface area with values from 1095 m2/g to 3554 m2/g. The assembled LIC can produce a maximum specific capacitance of 31.94 F/g, the highest specific energy of 35.49 Wh/kg, and high specific power of 2954.36W/kg.
The implementation of smart city through android-based device : ”Klaten Smart City Application”
Authors: Sari A D , Rachmawati R
Published: March 2021

Klaten is one of regions that elected in the movement towards 100 smart cities in Indonesia launched by The Ministry of Communication and Informatics. Due to this movement, an in-line application is created, particularly for Klaten regency which is named Klaten Smart City Application. Klaten Smart City Application is an Android-based device that can be downloaded via Google Play. This paper aims to identify the features of Klaten Smart City Application and to identify opinion of the Klaten government towards the development of Klaten Smart City Application. This research uses a qualitative method. The primary data was obtained from in-depth interview with representative of The Klaten Informatics Communication Department. The secondary data was obtained by direct exploring Klaten Smart City Application. Based on the result of this research, Klaten Smart City Application has 27 features. The opinion from Klaten Informatics Communication Department about Klaten Smart City Application is graphically perfect, it is a good application because it displays the mapping of several services in Klaten.
Wetness over the China mainland under the 1.5°C global warming in a regional climate model ensemble
Authors: Zhang Zhongyi
Published: March 2021

The study examines the wetness over the China mainland under the 1.5°C global warming using the 3-monthly Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) based on an ensemble of CORDEX regional climate models. Results indicate that the Northwest China is characterized by more severe wetness than the other subregions. And the winter shows the largest wetness among the four seasons, especially for North China, Northeast China and Northwest China, with the ensemble mean and median of their regionally averaged SPI showing abnormally wet.
Electrohydrodynamic thrust with no combustion emissions and noises in a centimeter-scale point-to-grid configuration
Authors: Leng Jiaming , Liu Zhiwei , Zhang Xiaoyong , Huang Dawei , Huang Jianmei , Qi Mingjing , Yan Xiaojun
Published: March 2021

Alternative propulsion systems are needed to overcome the combustion emissions and noises caused by the fossil-fuel combustion-based gas turbines and propeller-driven propulsion systems. The electrohydrodynamic (EHD) thrust produced by the corona induced ionic wind is an attractive choice because its generation needs no mechanical moving part and emits no combustion emissions and noises. In this investigation, the electrohydrodynamic thrust provided by the positive point-to-grid corona discharge at the centimeter scale is theoretically and experimentally analyzed. The previous one-dimensional theory is reviewed to understand the fundamental characteristics of the EHD thrust. The thrust performance of a 4.1 mg, centimeter-scale, laser-micromachined EHD thruster is experimentally quantified. The measured thrust reaches up to 0.68 mN, corresponding to a thrust density of 8.7 N/m2, a thrust-to-weight ratio of 17 and a thrust-to-power ratio of 2.1 N/kW.
Effect of salinity on the community structure and ecological functions of Archaea in Liaohe Estuary
Authors: Shi Yinyin , Ming Hongxia , Ji Fengyun , Shi Tingting , Jin Yuan , Su Jie , Fan Jingfeng
Published: March 2021

Archaea plays an important role in biogeochemical processes. Using the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Illumina high-throughput sequencing, eight sediment samples collected in Liaohe Estuary were used to investigate the effects of salinity gradient on the archaeal community structure and ecological functions. The results showed that archaeal abundance ranged from 5.1 × 105 to 1.3 × 106 copies/g. Archaeal community included the classes of Thaumarchaeota (69%), Euryarchaeota (29%), and Crenarchaeota (0.01%), respectively. Methanogens in the genera Methanococcoides, Methanoregula, and Methanosaeta and Marine Group I, Candidatus Nitrososphaera, and Nitrososphaera within the ammonia-oxidizing archaea were abundant in freshwater sediments, whereas Marine Benthic Group B and Marine Benthic Group D were abundant in seawater sediments. The positive correlation was observed in between the abundances of Euryarchaeota and salinities (P < 0.05). Physico-chemical analysis in the sediments showed that the temperature and salinity were impacted on the abundance and distribution of archaea significantly (P < 0.05). In general, these results have broadened our understanding on the changes of the archaeal abundance and community structure in estuarine sediment along the salinity gradient.
Study on the mechanism of the increase/inhibition of nitrate ammonium by the ways of ecological restoration in the Pearl River Estuary
Authors: Guo Wei , Jiang Ran , Zhang Xinfeng
Published: March 2021

This paper studies the bottom sludge and water of fishing ports near Yamen Waterway in Taishan City, and Xi-Nanyong Riverway in Foshan City, which are one of the most polluted areas in the Pearl River Estuary. By changing different ecological repair methods, we have studied the changing trend of nitrate nitrogen ammonium ∼ anaerobic ammonia oxidation ∼ denitrification pathway, and clarified the fate of nitrogen from the macroscopic view; we have established a continuous culture flow simulation device, which can Clarify the weight of ammonia nitrogen, which is generated by ammonium nitrate nitrogen. We changed the water quality parameters and concentration during the operation of the continuous flow device, including salinity, temperature and dissolved oxygen, aeration, flow rate, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, etc. We analyzed the relationship between the conversion rate of ammonia nitrogen and environmental factors. We obtained the DNRA rate through a continuous flow device. We analyzed the effects of different removal methods on nitrogen removal. The research results show that under the environment of salinity (0.48ppt), higher dissolved oxygen, lower temperature, higher ORP (greater than 300mV), it is conducive to the discharge of reactive nitrogen. On the contrary, the rate of ammonia nitrogen generated by DNRA increases, the max is 19nmol/(g h). making Nitrogen stays in the water. This conclusion can provide a theoretical basis for the accurate evaluation of the denitrification effects and the effectiveness of the methods for ecological restoration of the Pearl River Estuary and other similar estuaries.
Research on application of real-time database for air quality automatic monitoring system
Authors: Sun Peiwen , Liu Wenfeng , Xu Yijin , Wang Lingyun
Published: March 2021

With the increase of city air monitoring sites and monitoring project, monitoring instruments and monitoring data are increasing rapidly. When using the traditional relational database in processing huge real-time data, the throughput and timeliness of monitoring system has been unable to meet the needs of the business. In order to solve this problem, this paper introduces the real-time database into the air quality automatic monitoring system. According to the design principles, the paper outlines the four aspects of the design: the composition of the system, the overall structure of the system, the data flow and the network topology. Aim at assembling the embedded system architecture, distributed system, database technology, network browser/server computing mode, client/server network computing technology, and large-scale computer application system of virtual private network connection based on public network. In the specific design, this paper design substation and central station architecture based on the real-time databases and complete the function of field data collection and storage, equipment control, data transmission, human-computer interaction, data exchange interface with third party system and other function. Finally, according to the observation results of the city air quality automatic monitoring system, the project realizes the functions of the system and improve the real-time quality of environmental air monitoring and the capacity of instrument supervision.
Application of diffusive gradients in thin-films in sediments and soils
Authors: Weng Hongsheng , Hei Liang , Huang Xu , Cai Mingxuan
Published: March 2021

Diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) is an in situ passive sampling technique that can measure heavy metals, nutrients and organics in the environment. It has the advantages of species selectivity, high resolution and getting the average concentration during the monitoring period, and it has been widely used in sediments and soils. This paper introduced the device and principle of DGT, and reviewed the application progress of DGT in sediments and soils. It was suggested that DGT was an efficient and available method for the in situ high resolution measurement and prediction of the bioavailability of heavy metals. Finally, the future development of the DGT was prospected.
Carbon emission evaluation of heavy equipment on dam construction site using discrete event simulation
Authors: Liu Chunna , Wu Qiong , Tang Wenzhe , Liu Yi
Published: March 2021

The construction industry is considered to be one of the largest contributors to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally, accounting for around one-third of the total in world. Carbon emissions generated from heavy equipment on dam construction site are normally estimated without distinguishing the working modes, which may not represent on-site situations. Thus, this paper aims to evaluate carbon emissions of heavy equipment on dam construction sites, by establishing a methodology and applying the Discrete Event Simulation (DES) model. The case study demonstrates that DES model is validated to simulate the working models accurately, and the idling time of heavy equipment can influence carbon emissions a lot. It is suggested that dam project stakeholders should develop appropriate equipment management plans by using DES and improve the working efficiency, realizing the carbon reduction.
Research on power-communication coordination recovery strategy based on grid dividing after extreme disasters
Authors: Lu Jianqiang , Xie Xiangpeng , Zhou Xia , Bu Chengjie
Published: March 2021

Extreme natural disasters will cause great damage to the power and communication systems of the distribution network. During the restoration process of the distribution network, the power and communication systems interact and restrict each other. The coordination of the two can make the distribution network restore effectively and quickly. To improve the recovery speed and efficiency of the distribution network after disasters, power-communication coordination recovery strategies based on gridding method after disasters are proposed. Firstly, according to the corresponding relationship between mobile base stations and power nodes, multi-level grids of distribution networks are divided, and power-communication coordinated recovery models of distribution networks are respectively established aiming at short rush repair time and small power outage loss. On this basis, a coordinated recovery strategy of power-communication is proposed in combination with the gridding method. Finally, the IEEE33-node distribution network system is taken as an example to verify the necessity of the gridding method and coordinated power-communication recovery and the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A bibliometric analysis of measures for controlling slope and watershed erosion from 2010 to 2019
Authors: Gu Yanping , Lu Fangchun , Zhang Jinjuan
Published: March 2021

The bibliometric method is a scientific method that uses mathematical and statistical methods to quantitatively analyze all knowledge carriers, which can effectively grasp the subject knowledge context. Controlling slope and watershed erosion has received wide attention from scholars from various countries. So the bibliometric method was employed to evaluate the global scientific production of measures for controlling slope and watershed erosion from 2010 to 2019 and sought the characteristics of publication outputs and tendencies from the articles. The basic data were obtained from the Science Citation Index Expanded from the Web of Science. The several aspects were analysed including document language, annual outputs and distribution of journals, subject, authors, highly cited papers as well as frequency of author keywords. The results showed that annual output of the related scientific articles kept a steady rise from 2013 to 2019. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Northwest A&F University and Ministry Water Resources were mainly research institutes, which have published a lot of articles. In addition, Jean Poesen, from University of Mekelle, was the most productive author who has published 28 articles in the field of controlling slope and watershed erosion. The keywords of articles on controlling slope and watershed erosion were also analysed by using scientometric indexes. By analysing frequency of keywords in 10 periods, the current research emphases were discovered. The result showed that “Soil erosion”, “Runoff” and “Erosion” are the top 3 author keywords in this field. And the “soil-erosion” always was the top 1 keywords in the research of watershed erosion. Through analysis of the keywords, it can be known that soil erosion in the plains, simulation of erosion, and the impact of climate change on erosion are research hotspots.
Effects of coastal reclamation on the storm surge in the Bohai Bay
Authors: Yue Xinyang , Li Cheng , Miao Qingsheng , Yang Jinkun , Dong Mingmei , Yang Yang
Published: March 2021

In recent years, the Bohai Bay has experienced frequent reclamation activities and significant changes in the coastline with the rapid development of economy. Coastline changes will influence the propagation of tide and ocean waves, and the storm surges may get worse as well. Based on the ADCIRC storm surge model, an unstructured triangular grid model driven by tide and wind was established to simulate the storm surge in Bohai Sea. The numerical simulation of hydrodynamic environment during typhoon NO.9711 under four coastline scenarios which are 1980, 2004, 2008 and 2015 had been carried out to investigate how coastal reclamation affects storm surges. The results reveal that the storm surge level and hazard risk in the reclamation areas has increased along with the changes of the coastline.
Design and implementation of air pollution management system and an application case in Beijing
Authors: Huang Songbo , Chang Zhanqiang , Wang Yanqiao , Zhang Yanxin , Yang Qing
Published: March 2021

In recent years, the air pollution in China is becoming more and more serious, especially in Beijing. In this paper, an air pollution information management system was established by using ComGIS component of ArcEngine and Visual C# .NET platform and SQL Server technology. The system consists of three modules, including basic function, spatial analysis and early warning. It can monitor air pollution from different angles. In order to realize the simulation of pollution diffuse and the visual management of air pollution, we developed this system to monitor and analyse the air pollution situation in Beijing in quasi real time. Air pollution concentration data recorded by the monitoring station in Beijing on May 23, 2015 was obtained. The results showed that the severe atmospheric pollution in Beijing was mainly distributed in Chaoyang, Xicheng, Dongcheng and Fengtai districts. The area with severe PM2.5 exceeding the standard was located near the Monitoring station of Yizhuang Development. However, it indicated that the severely polluted areas extended from Daxing and Tongzhou districts to Xicheng, Dongcheng and Chaoyang districts when simulating the diffusion of PM2.5 pollutants by adding wind power and wind direction data on the same day.
Precipitation forecast over China for different thresholds using the multimodel bias-removed ensemble mean
Authors: Lv Yang , Zhi Xiefei , Zhu Shoupeng
Published: March 2021

Based on the daily accumulated precipitation data obtained from the ensemble forecasts by three meteorological agencies and the CMORPH observational data, the experiments of bias-removed ensemble mean (BREM) towards classified samples of different precipitation thresholds are carried out with results as follows: (1) The Classified BREM (CBREM) is characterized by higher skill in precipitation forecast in contrast to BREM. Most visible improvements can be observed for light precipitation, but there is a negative impact for a moderate threshold. (2) The CBREM after choosing optimal grading thresholds for each grid point further improves forecast skill of precipitation, which shows greatest advancement for moderate precipitation with the threat score improving percentage of over 20% on average.
Effect of Mg content on microstructure and properties of Zn-Al-Cu Alloy
Authors: Wang Hongxing , Wu Canhui , Zhang Yan , Zhan Henghui , Li Yu , Lu Qianyi , Xu Yajun
Published: March 2021

Zn-Cu-Al-xMg (x=0,0.25,0.5) zinc alloy was prepared by metal mould casting. The effects of Mg addition on the structure, electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of Zn-Al-Cu alloy were studied. The results show that without Mg addition, the alloy consists of Zn solid solution(ƞ phase) containing of Cu and Al and layered α+η eutectic structure. With the addition of Mg, the η phase grains were refined, the layered eutectic structure disappeared, and the intermetallic compound Mg2Zn11 appeared, and its content increased with the increase of Mg content. The hardness of the alloy increases with the increase of Mg content. When the content of Mg is 0.5wt.%, the hardness reaches the maximum value of 151HV. Tensile strength and electrical conductivity first increase and then decrease. When the addition of Mg is 0.25wt.%, the maximum tensile strength and electrical conductivity are 270 MPa and 26.4% IACS, respectively. The wear mechanism of zinc alloy is a mixture of adhesive wear and abrasive wear, and the adhesive wear is dominant.
Correlation between the distribution of solar energy resources and the cloud cover in Xinjiang
Authors: Wan Xiaozhong , Qin Fang , Cui Fang , Chen Weidong , Ding Huang , Li Chaohui
Published: March 2021

In order to study the influence of cloud cover on solar energy resources, it provides scientific basis for the development and utilization of solar radiation resources. Based on the Cloud and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECWMF) data from 2014-2018, the correlation between the temporal and spatial distribution of solar energy resources and the cloud cover in Xinjiang was studied and analyzed. The results show that solar energy resources have generally shown an upward trend in the past five years, with an average annual radiation of 7206.5 MJ/m2 and very stable. The overall distribution of solar radiation is mainly dominated by latitude, decreasing from south to north, and the change is relatively uniform. The maximum value of annual total radiation in the southern area of Xinjiang is about 9000 MJ/m2, which is 1.5 times of that in the northern area. The maximum daily total radiation is 28.88 MJ/m2 in July, which is 3.3 times of that in December. The total radiation in summer can reach up to 2200 MJ/m2, which is 2.2 times of that in winter. Summer radiation is high but fluctuating, and winter radiation is small but relatively stable. The autumn is the period with the least amount of total cloud during the year, the cloud cover in the northern area is about 40%, and the winter in the northern area is the highest along the foothills of the Tianshan Mountain, up to 70%. The fitting effect of radiation attenuation and cloud cover in the northern area is higher than that in the southern area, and the maximum correlation coefficient is 0.98 in summer and the minimum is 0.571 in winter. The fitting effect of radiation attenuation and cloud cover in the northern area is higher than that in the southern area, and the maximum correlation coefficient is 0.98 in summer and the minimum is 0.571 in winter. The solar radiation is mainly affected by clouds in summer, while in winter, there are other factors such as aerosols.
Effects of electromagnetic interference and crevice on corrosion of natural gas pipelines
Authors: Luo Yanlong , Lin Nan , Zhou Shaokun , Li Shili , Wang Haitao
Published: March 2021

Pipeline transportation is the main method of natural gas transportation. The intrinsic safety of natural gas pipelines has always been the focus of attention. During the transportation process, pipelines are affected by many factors. Existing studies have little research on the destruction of natural gas pipelines under the coupling of high-voltage transmission lines with electromagnetic interference and crevice corrosion. However, in actual inspections, it was found that this working condition caused very serious damage to the natural gas pipelines. Therefore, studying the corrosion law of natural gas pipelines under the coupling effect of electromagnetic interference and crevice corrosion can provide a theoretical basis for the safety management of natural gas pipelines. In this paper, through the electromagnetic interference simulation and corrosion test, the corrosion rate of natural gas pipelines under general corrosion, crevice corrosion and coupling of crevice corrosion and electromagnetic interference were analyzed.