bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perioperative Blood Transfusion Is Associated with Worse Survival in Patients Undergoing Radical Cystectomy after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Ladner Tessa , Black Anna J. , Zargar Homayoun , Wright Jonathan L. , Thorpe Andrew C. , Morgan Todd M. , Holzbeierlein Jeff M. , Cookson Michael S. , Jacobsen Niels-Erik , Fairey Adrian S. , Dinney Colin P. N. , Mir Maria C. , Krabbe Laura-Maria , Montgomery Jeffrey S. , Vasdev Nikhil , Yu Evan Y. , Xylinas Evanguelos , Stephenson Andrew J. , Shah Jay B. , Daneshmand Siamak , Zargar-Shoshtari Kamran , Spiess Philippe E. , Mertens Laura S. , van Rhijn Bas W. G. , Grivas Petros , Kassouf Wassim , Dall’Era Marc A. , Sridhar Srikala S. , McGrath Jonathan S. , Aning Jonathan , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Bivalacqua Trinity J. , North Scott A. , Barocas Daniel A. , Lotan Yair , Black Peter C.
Published: June 2024

Objectives: Perioperative blood transfusion (PBT) has been associated with worse survival after radical cystectomy (RC) in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Here, we evaluated the association between PBT and survival after RC that was preceded by neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 949 patients with cT2-4aN0M0 bladder cancer who received NAC prior to RC between 2000 and 2013 at 19 centers. Kaplan–Meier estimates of overall survival (OS) were made. Presumed risk factors for OS were analyzed using Cox regression analysis. PBT was defined by the administration of any packed red blood cells during surgery or during the post-operative hospital stay. Results: A transfusion was given to 608 patients (64%). Transfused patients were more likely to have adverse clinical and pathologic parameters, including clinical stage and performance status. Transfused patients had worse OS (p = 0.01). On multivariable Cox regression, PBT was found to be independently associated with worse OS (HR 1.53 (95% CI 1.13–2.08), p = 0.007). Conclusions: PBT is common after NAC and RC, which may be linked, in part, to the anemia induced by NAC. PBT was associated with several adverse risk factors that correlate with poor outcomes after NAC and RC, and it was an independent predictor of adverse OS on multivariable analysis. Further study should determine if measures to avoid blood loss can reduce the need for PBT and thereby improve patient outcomes.
Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks and Soil Organic Matter Persistence under Native Vegetation along a Topographic and Vegetation Gradient in the Central Amazon Region
Authors: Ziviani Melania Merlo , Pinheiro Érika Flávia Machado , Ceddia Marcos Bacis , Ferreira Ana Carolina Souza , Machado Frederico Santos
Published: June 2024

The Amazon Forest has a soil organic carbon stock (SOCS) potential of 126 to 141 Tg year−1 and it depends on soil organic matter (SOM) accumulation factors and stabilization mechanisms. This study aimed to evaluate SOCS, soil nitrogen stocks (SNS), SOM fractions under the Amazon Forest along a topographic and vegetation gradient (Terra Firme, River Plain, and Terraces), and to evaluate the main mechanisms responsible for SOM stabilization. The study was developed using 35 study points (35 profiles) in Coari County, Amazon State, Brazil. In each profile, soil samples were collected from soil horizon for soil analysis. Of the 35 soil profiles, 10 were selected to evaluate the contribution of free light fractions (FLF) and intra-aggregate light fractions (ILF), C and N contents, and SOCS and SNS up to 1 m soil depth. SOCS and SNS are influenced by topographic and vegetation gradient, being statistically equal in the Terra Firme and River Plains areas (median of 92.5 and 92.2 Mg C ha−1, respectively), but Terraces presented a greater median (157.9 Mg C ha−1). There are relationships between SOCS and SNS and C, N, Al, clay content, t value, FLF, and ILF. SOCS, SNS, and SOM stabilization in Amazon soils are influenced by soil properties and landscape position. SOCS in the Terrace is mainly in FLF form. If vegetation cover loss continues, an amount of up to 98.05 Mg C ha−1 of FLF can be lost, causing soil degradation and global warming.
The Quest for Resilient Sustainable Development and Low-Carbon Energy Transitions: Investigating the Challenges and Success Factors for Mini-Grids in Malawi
Authors: Mwale Vincent , Blanchard Richard , Ngonda Tiyamike , Nkhoma Richard , Ogunna Chukwudi , To Long Seng
Published: June 2024

Renewable energy mini-grids are considered a cost-effective way to provide electricity for a large proportion of the population in developing countries who do not have access to it. Compared with standalone home systems and national grid systems, mini-grids can potentially offer a better service. They can be deployed faster, making them essential for sustainable development, especially in rural and semi-urban areas of developing countries. However, mini-grids often face challenges regarding their resilience, and many fail to survive beyond their pilot phases. This paper aims to identify the factors contributing to the success of mini-grids and to identify common themes that can help existing and future mini-grid developments become more resilient and influence policy decision making. To achieve this goal, we developed a database of the status of mini-grids in Malawi, with the energy generation resource(s) of their installed capacity, enabling factors, and challenges. We undertook a more detailed investigation of two hydro mini-grid systems—Bondo and Chipopoma. We collected qualitative and quantitative data through literature reviews, site visits, interviews, and observations. The study identified 19 mini-grids with a combined installed capacity of 26 MW. Of these, seven had been abandoned, and one was under development. Several factors that affect successful mini-grid efficacy in Malawi were identified, including financial resourcefulness, technical resourcefulness, policies and regulations, community engagement and capacity building, cross-sector linkages, and institutional organisational frameworks. These factors need to be integrated into decision making by all stakeholders to ensure the enhancement of resilience and the sustainable development of mini-grids.
Integrating Locals’ Importance–Performance Perception of Community Resilience into Sustainable Indigenous Tourism Management
Authors: Chen Chi-Cheng , Chook Jia Wei , Nguyen Linh Bao , Lee Chun-Hung
Published: June 2024

Community resilience and capacity building are key elements in sustainable Indigenous tourism (SIT) and local development, specifically as factors affecting locals’ participation in and communities’ resilience perceptions toward SIT. This study aimed to establish an evaluation framework for SIT in Taiwan based on the aspect of community resilience, using an importance–performance analysis (IPA). We quantitatively surveyed 506 local residents in two touristic townships inhabited by Indigenous tribes: Datong Township in Yilan County and Fengbin Township in Hualien County. Our empirical results reveal a significant gap between the perceived importance and performance of community resilience in SIT. Moreover, the following strategies were prioritized by respondents to enhance local capacity building for SIT: “assisting in building green landscape in the community”, “assisting in creating tribal landscape based on local traditional culture”, and “planning cultural activities based on local traditional knowledge”. Finally, participants who (1) had a higher educational level, (2) lived in the Datong Township, (3) had better attitudes toward job opportunities in sustainable tourism, and (4) had higher perceptions of community resilience were more likely to participate in SIT. Our outcomes synthesize the theoretical constructs and policy implications for community resilience in SIT management that benefit local Indigenous communities.
Do Chinese Residential Colleges Narrow the Education Disparity Caused by Socioeconomic Status? A Comparison of Public and Private Universities Using Two Main Approaches to Assess Disparities in Access and Academic Attainment
Authors: Gui Pingping , Alam Gazi Mahabubul
Published: June 2024

Education is acknowledged as vital for a nation’s economic progress, yet socioeconomic status often dictates access to high quality education, endangering the achievement of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4), where equitable learning is paramount. Previous studies suggest that public residential colleges (RCs) can narrow the gap in achievement among students of varying socioeconomic status (SES). Nonetheless, they do not guarantee participants equal opportunity across all SES levels to attend RCs. Their effectiveness in private higher education institutions, particularly in China, remains underexplored. This study compares RCs in the public and private sectors to examine their role in promoting sustainable education in China. Employing the proportional stratified sampling technique, questionnaires were distributed among 615 RC students from both the public and private sectors. Through descriptive and multiple regression analyses, findings strongly indicate that RCs—whether in public or private universities—cannot guarantee equal access to RCs for learners from various SESs. Particularly, the enrolment disparity in the private sector is more pronounced. Despite these differences, RCs, regardless of institutional affiliation, contribute to narrowing academic discrepancies, as measured by Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA), among students from various SES backgrounds. This underscores the significance of RCs in reducing academic attainment disparities across different types of colleges. Consequently, while RCs prove to be effective in narrowing academic discrepancies, there is a pressing need to prioritize equal access to RCs for individuals from disadvantaged SES backgrounds. Addressing this challenge is crucial for tackling issues linked to sustainable education, and in this way, ensure the SDGs are actually achieved.
Electrifying the Road to Net-Zero: Implications of Electric Vehicles and Carbon Emission Coefficient Factors in European Power Systems
Authors: Ali Qais , Di Silvestre Maria Luisa , Lombardi Pio Alessandro , Riva Sanseverino Eleonora , Zizzo Gaetano
Published: June 2024

The global trend is shifting towards adopting low-carbon transportation solutions, with electrification emerging as a prominent approach. The effectiveness of this transition in mitigating climate change hinges significantly on the source of electricity used for charging electric vehicles. This study focuses on four European Union countries: Switzerland, Italy, Germany, and Poland, each characterized by varying levels of carbon emissions from their power systems. Assumptions are made for the short-term (10%), medium-term (30%), and long-term (60%) penetration of electric vehicles, aligning with the 2050 net zero emissions targets. The study investigates the impact of these penetration levels on energy demand, exploring scenarios ranging from 100% renewable source-generated electricity to 100% coal-generated electricity for EV charging. Finally, utilizing PSS®E 35.5 simulation software, the study assesses the implications of the electric vehicles’ load on medium-voltage transmission lines. The findings highlight the substantial influence of electrifying the transport sector on both environmental sustainability and the power system infrastructure, underscoring the critical role of regional energy mixes and the power system carbon emissions coefficient factor. Regions with lower carbon emission coefficient factors witness significant benefits even with a modest transition to electric vehicles, whereas regions with high carbon emission coefficient factors experience minimal impact despite large-scale EV adoption. Additionally, densely populated urban areas may encounter challenges related to transmission line congestion to meet the growing demand for electric vehicle charging.
Evaluation of Landslide Susceptibility of Mangshan Mountain in Zhengzhou Based on GWO-1D CNN Model
Authors: Hu Longye , Yan Chaode
Published: June 2024

The Mangshan Mountain is located in the south bank of the Yellow River, which belongs to the typical loess plateau. Landslide disasters occur frequently in this region, so it is urgent to carry out the evaluation of landslide susceptibility. Therefore, this study takes Mangshan Mountain as the research object, selects 13 evaluation factors through multicollinearity diagnostic, Pearson correlation coefficient, and random forest importance analysis, and uses grey wolf optimizer (GWO) algorithm to optimize the initial weights of one-dimensional convolutional neural network model (1D CNN), so as to build a GWO-1D CNN model to carry out the evaluation of landslide susceptibility. The results show that the GWO algorithm can significantly improve the accuracy of 1D CNN model. The final accuracy of the GWO-1D CNN model reaches 0.903, and the accuracy, area under the ROC curve, and kappa coefficients increase by 0.091, 0.098, and 0.187, respectively; The percentage of area of very low, low, medium, high, and very high susceptibility areas in Mangshan Mountain is 40.2%, 23.6%, 14.1%, 12.9%, and 9.2%. The findings of this study provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of landslide disaster in Mangshan Mountain and expand the application of CNN model in the evaluation of landslide susceptibility.
The Hopf Automorphism Group of Two Classes of Drinfeld Doubles
Authors: Sun Hua , Hu Mi , Hu Jiawei
Published: June 2024

Let D(Rm,n(q)) be the Drinfeld double of Radford Hopf algebra Rm,n(q) and D(Hs,t) be the Drinfeld double of generalized Taft algebra Hs,t. Both D(Rm,n(q)) and D(Hs,t) have very symmetric structures. We calculate all Hopf automorphisms of D(Rm,n(q)) and D(Hs,t), respectively. Furthermore, we prove that the Hopf automorphism group AutHopf(D(Rm,n(q))) is isomorphic to the direct sum Zn⨁Zm of cyclic groups Zm and Zn, the Hopf automorphism group AutHopf(D(Hs,t)) is isomorphic to the semi-direct products k*⋊Zd of multiplicative group k* and cyclic group Zd, where s=td,k*=k\{0}, and k is an algebraically closed field with char (k)∤t.
Study of Non-Smooth Symmetry Collision of Rolling Bodies of Localized Functional-Slot Cage-Less Ball Bearings Considering Lubrication Flow
Authors: Zhang Jingwei , Wang Yibo , Guan Linting , Zhang Yuan , Yang Shanping
Published: June 2024

This article presents a vibration model of neighboring rolling parts that takes into account non-smooth symmetric collisions. This model was used to examine the motion state of the rolling element and the collision force between nearby rolling elements. It also determined the motion posture and overall collision form of the rolling element after setting the functional slot. Afterwards, the level of disorderly movement and the structure of the moving object were examined and confirmed through the use of a phase diagram of the motion system in relation to zero symmetry, the Lyapunov exponent, and a platform for measuring irregular vibrations in the bearing. This work aims to clarify the factors that contribute to the persistent chaotic state of rolling elements in bearing vibration.
The Local Convergence of a Three-Step Sixth-Order Iterative Approach with the Basin of Attraction
Authors: Devi Kasmita , Maroju Prashanth , Martínez Eulalia , Behl Ramandeep
Published: June 2024

In this study, we introduce an iterative approach exhibiting sixth-order convergence for the solution of nonlinear equations. The method attains sixth-order convergence by using three evaluations of the function and two evaluations of the first-order derivative per iteration. We examined the theoretical convergence of our method through the convergence theorem, which substantiates the convergence order. Furthermore, we analyzed the local convergence of our proposed technique by employing a hypothesis that involves the first-order derivative of the function Θ alongside the Lipschitz conditions. To evaluate the performance and efficacy of our iterative method, we provide a comparative analysis against existing methods based on various standard numerical problems. Finally, graphical comparisons employing basins of attraction are presented to illustrate the dynamic behavior of the iterative method in the complex plane.
Isospin Symmetry Breaking in Atomic Nuclei
Authors: Sheikh Javid A. , Rouoof Syed P. , Ali Raja N. , Rather Niyaz , Sarma Chandan , Srivastava Praveen C.
Published: June 2024

In this paper, the importance of isospin symmetry and its breaking in elucidating the properties of atomic nuclei is reviewed. The quark mass splitting and the electromagnetic origin of the isospin symmetry breaking (ISB) for the nuclear many-body problem is discussed. The experimental data on isobaric analogue states cannot be described only with the Coulomb interaction, and ISB terms in the nucleon–nucleon interaction are needed to discern the observed properties. In the present work, the ISB terms are explicitly considered in nuclear energy density functional and spherical shell model approaches, and a detailed investigation of the analogue states and other properties of nuclei is performed. It is observed that isospin mixing is largest for the N = Z system in the density functional approach
Breakthrough Acute HIV Infections among Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Users with High Adherence: A Narrative Review
Authors: Moschese Davide , Lazzarin Samuel , Colombo Martina Laura , Caruso Francesco , Giacomelli Andrea , Antinori Spinello , Gori Andrea
Published: June 2024

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a pivotal intervention among HIV prevention strategies. We aimed to narratively revise the topic of HIV acute infection in the setting of PrEP exposure with a focus on diagnostic options, clinical features, and future PrEP perspectives, with a particular focus on users with high adherence to PrEP. We searched the main databases (PubMed, Embase, and Scopus) with the keywords “PrEP” or “Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis” and “HIV” or “PLWH” and “breakthrough” or “acute infection” or “primary infection”. We included all randomized clinical trials and non-experimental studies (both case reports and observational studies) ever published. In the present narrative review, we revise the diagnostic challenges related to HIV diagnosis in the setting of PrEP and the clinical characteristics and symptoms of breakthrough infections. We discuss the management of acute HIV infection during PrEP and the new challenges that arise from the use of long-acting drugs for PrEP. Our review underlines that although extremely rare, HIV seroconversions are still possible during PrEP, even in a context of high adherence. Efforts to promptly identify these events must be included in the PrEP follow-up in order to minimize the chance of overlooked HIV breakthrough infections and thus exposure to suboptimal concentrations of antiretrovirals.
Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes and Subgenotypes Circulating in Infected Residents in a Country with High Vaccination Rate
Authors: Silva Carolina , Ramos Diogo , Quina Miriam , Pádua Elizabeth
Published: June 2024

Despite the availability of a vaccine against hepatitis B virus (HBV), this infection still causes public health problems, particularly in susceptible populations. In Portugal, universal free vaccination started in 1994, and most HBV infections are diagnosed in immigrants from high-prevalence countries. Our aim was to assess the pattern of HBV genotypes/subgenotypes in samples collected between 2017 and 2021 from a convenience sample of 70 infected residents in Portugal. The HBV pol/HBsAg region was amplified and sequenced, allowing the analysis of RT sequences submitted to phylogenetic analysis and mutations assessment. A total of 37.1% of samples were from native Portuguese, aged 25–53 years (mean: 36.7 years), and the remaining samples were from individuals born outside of Portugal. A high diversity of HBV was identified: subgenotypes A1–A3 in 41.0% (16/39); D1, D3, and D4 in 30.7% (12/39); E in 23.1% (9/39); and F4 in 2.6% (1/39). Besides genotypes A and D, Portuguese were also infected with genotypes E and F, which are prevalent in Africa and South America, respectively. Resistance mutations in RT sequences were not found. The findings provide valuable insights for updating the HBV molecular epidemiology in Portugal. However, successful strategies to prevent and control the infection are still needed in the country, especially among susceptible and vulnerable populations.
Breaking the Barrier: SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Wild and Companion Animals and Their Implications for Public Health
Authors: Abay Zhandos , Sadikaliyeva Sandugash , Nurpeisova Ainur , Jekebekov Kuanysh , Shorayeva Kamshat , Yespembetov Bolat , Nurabayev Sergazy , Kerimbayev Aslan , Khairullin Berik , Yoo Hansang , Kutumbetov Lespek , Kassenov Markhabat , Zakarya Kunsulu
Published: June 2024

The emergence of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has led to significant interest in its potential transmission between animals and humans, especially pets. This review article summarises the literature on coronavirus infections in domestic animals, emphasising epidemiology, transmission dynamics, clinical manifestations, and public health implications. This article highlights current understandings of the relationship between infections in companion animals and humans, identifies research gaps, and suggests directions for future research. Cases of disease in cats, dogs, and other domestic animals, often occurring through close contact with infected owners, are reviewed, raising concerns about possible zoonotic and reverse zoonotic transmission. Precautions and recommendations for pet owners and healthcare workers are also discussed. The scientific evidence presented in the article highlights the need for a One Health approach that considers the health of people, animals, and the environment to combat future pandemics.
Hepatitis C (HCV) Reinfection and Risk Factors among Clients of a Low-Threshold Primary Healthcare Service for People Who Inject Drugs in Sydney, Australia
Authors: Read Phillip , Tang Bruce Zi Huan , Silins Edmund , Doab Anna , Cornelisse Vincent J. , Gilliver Rosie
Published: June 2024

Hepatitis C (HCV) reinfection studies have not focused on primary healthcare services in Australia, where priority populations including people who inject drugs (PWID) typically engage in healthcare. We aimed to describe the incidence of HCV reinfection and associated risk factors in a cohort of people most at risk of reinfection in a real-world community setting. We conducted a secondary analysis of routinely collected HCV testing and treatment data from treatment episodes initiated with direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy between October 2015 and June 2021. The overall proportion of clients (N = 413) reinfected was 9% (N = 37), and the overall incidence rate of HCV reinfection was 9.5/100PY (95% CI: 6.3–14.3). Reinfection incidence rates varied by sub-group and were highest for Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people (20.4/100PY; 95% CI: 12.1–34.4). Among PWID (N= 321), only Aboriginality was significantly associated with reinfection (AOR: 2.73, 95% CI: 1.33–5.60, p = 0.006). High rates of HCV reinfection in populations with multiple vulnerabilities and continued drug use, especially among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, highlight the need for ongoing regular HCV testing and retreatment in order to achieve HCV elimination. A priority is resourcing testing and treatment for Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people. Our findings support the need for novel and holistic healthcare strategies for PWID and the upscaling of Indigenous cultural approaches and interventions.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Genetic Diversity and Drugs Resistance Mutations among People Living with HIV in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Rashid Abdur , Kang Li , Yi Feng , Chu Qingfei , Shah Sharaf Ali , Mahmood Syed Faisal , Getaneh Yimam , Wei Min , Chang Song , Abidi Syed Hani , Shao Yiming
Published: June 2024

The human immunodeficiency virus type-1 epidemic in Pakistan has significantly increased over the last two decades. In Karachi, Pakistan, there is a lack of updated information on the complexity of HIV-1 genetic diversity and the burden of drug resistance mutations (DRMs) that can contribute to ART failure and poor treatment outcomes. This study aimed to determine HIV-1 genetic diversity and identify drug-resistance mutations among people living with HIV in Karachi. A total of 364 HIV-positive individuals, with a median age of 36 years, were enrolled in the study. The HIV-1 partial pol gene was successfully sequenced from 268 individuals. The sequences were used to generate phylogenetic trees to determine clade diversity and also to assess the burden of DRMs. Based on the partial pol sequences, 13 distinct HIV-1 subtypes and recombinant forms were identified. Subtype A1 was the most common clade (40%), followed by CRF02_AG (33.2%). Acquired DRMs were found in 30.6% of the ART-experienced patients, of whom 70.7%, 20.7%, and 8.5% were associated with resistance to NNRTIs, NRTIs, and PIs, respectively. Transmitted DRMs were found in 5.6% of the ART-naïve patients, of whom 93% were associated with resistance against NNRTIs and 7% to PIs. The high prevalence of DRMs in ART-experienced patients poses significant challenges to the long-term benefits and sustainability of the ART program. This study emphasizes the importance of continuous HIV molecular epidemiology and drug resistance surveillance to support evidence-based HIV prevention, precise ART, and targeted AIDS care.
An Automatic Emergency Braking Control Method for Improving Ride Comfort
Authors: Lai Fei , Liu Junbo , Hu Yuanzhi
Published: June 2024

The contribution of this paper is to present an automatic emergency braking (AEB) optimized algorithm based on time to collision (TTC) and a professional driver fitting (PDF) braking pattern. When the TTC value is less than the given threshold, the PDF control algorithm will be started, and vice versa. According to the standard test scenarios for passenger cars and commercial vehicles, the simulation analysis on the AEB systems using four different control algorithms, namely TTC, quadratic curve deceleration, PDF and proposed optimized control algorithm, is conducted, respectively. The results show that the proposed optimization algorithm can both meet the standard requirements and improve the ride comfort. While ensuring collision avoidance with the preceding vehicle, the control algorithm proposed in this study offers better braking comfort compared to the TTC algorithm and the quadratic curve deceleration algorithm. Additionally, it provides a more appropriate stopping distance compared to the PDF algorithm.
FLORA OF RARE VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES IN THE REGIONAL LANDSCAPE PARKS OF THE UKRAINIAN POLISSIA
Authors: Sverdlov V. , Karpenko Yu.
Published: June 2024

The analysis of rare vascular plant types in the territories of regional landscape parks within the Ukrainian Polissia was carried out. The results of a systematic analysis of the flora of rare species of vascular plants on the territory of five regional landscape parks of the Polish part of Ukraine are presented, in particular: Pripyat-Stokhid, Nadsluchanskyi, Ptashiny Rai, Mizhrichenskyi, Yalivshchyna.According to the taxonomic structure, they belong to 199 species, 141 genera, and 64 families. It was found that the majority of regionally rare species are characterized by small areas of localities with a sporadic or scattered-diffuse spatial arrangement, a relatively low number of individuals. The conservation status of regionally rare plant species according to the IUCN categorization has been determined. According to it, established plant species belong to six categories of danger and are distributed as follows: CR (critically endangered species) – 1, EN (endangered species) – 22, VU (vulnerable species) – 32, NT (species approaching extinction) – 126, LC (a species requiring attention) – 14, DD (a species not sufficiently researched) – 4. The obtained research results will serve as a basis for ecological phytomonitoring and zoological management at the regional level.
STUDENT SCIENTIFIC PROBLEM GROUPS AS AN INTEGRAL FACTOR OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING FOR HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS MAJORING IN MUSICAL SPECIALTIES
Authors: Prokopchuk V. , Koreychuk M.
Published: June 2024

The article addresses the issue of professional training for higher education students majoring in music pedagogical / arts specialties, particularly, focusing on student scientific problem groups and their significance in the professional development of musician students. It also elucidates the peculiarities of research work by higher education students, which is an essential integral component of the educational process. 
The article highlights the student scientific problem group as a potent tool for professional training of higher education students in arts specialties. It identifies the functions and tasks of scientific and research work by students in general and the student scientific problem group in particular. 
The functioning and work specifics of the student scientific problem group of the Art Film Club «World’s Outstanding Musicians», operating at the Department of Musical Instrument Performance of the Institute of Arts at Rivne State University of Humanities since 2012 are revealed. Particularly, the activities of the Art Film Club encompass purely scientific research, pedagogical, and broadly understood art-historical lines. It optimizes the development of students’ skills in independent creative research work, mastery of research methodology and technology of research skills, and accumulation of experience in research activity. Art Film Club acquaints students with the best examples of performance mastery in world musical art to solve practical educational-performing and educational objectives. It deepens the professional competencies of students, expands knowledge of classical and contemporary musical art, music history, instrumental performance, and more. It forms auditory experience, cultural-aesthetic and performing preferences, develops interpersonal communication culture, particularly, professional, and enhances the level of professional (performing) mastery, and innovative activity in art. It develops skills in public presentation of results of performing and creative research work.
Legítima defensa del derecho ajeno: una mirada desde el delito de violación en Ecuador
Authors: Delgado Montanero Carlos Javier , Zambrano Solorzano Fabricio Fernando
Published: June 2024

El objetivo del artículo consistió en una revisión dogmática de la institución jurídica de legítima defensa del derecho ajeno enfocado en el delito de violación en Ecuador, precisando una serie de elementos teórico-jurídicos que generan una explicación a la problemática relativa a la configuración de una de las causas de justificación o de exclusión de la antijuridicidad al momento de su valoración por parte de la o el juez. La investigación se basa en una revisión bibliográfica con apoyo en el método inductivo-deductivo. El análisis y la síntesis se complementaron para abordar el tema de forma estructurada y sistemática aplicando además un conjunto de reglas lógicas que permitieron despejar la pregunta de investigación elaborada al inicio del presente trabajo investigativo que revelaran al lector si es viable oponer esta causa de justificación en favor de un tercero que actúa en defensa de la integridad sexual de una persona víctima de un delito de violación
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MILITARY DEPARTMENT FACILITIES OF THE 1930S IN KHABAROVSK
Authors: Stelmakova T.
Published: June 2024

The article examines the general principles in shaping the appearance of the ceremonial architecture of the military and law enforcement agencies of the Soviet pre-war period in the city of Khabarovsk. They are objects built in the 1930. The District House of Officers (as an object of cultural architecture), the Office of the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs for the Khabarovsk Territory (as an object of administrative architecture) and the house of commanders of the Special Red Banner Far Eastern Army (an object of residential architecture) - designed by the military architects and engineers. In the study, the objects of Khabarovsk post-constructivism are analyzed according to the following criteria: volumetric-spatial composition, design of primary elements and the use of stylistic techniques. The materials identified by the author as a result of the research are classified and grouped into a summary table that presents the similarities and differences in the characteristic architectural solutions of the components of the urban landscape of the historical part of the city. The data obtained as a result of the study illustrate the main features in the formation of the appearance of objects of that period. The complex landscape of the city affects the formation of structures, in some cases forcing the architect to abandon the location of the compositional volume along the central axis of the building. The functional purpose of the object is reflected in the stylistic techniques used - administrative objects are decorated with exclusively strict geometric shapes: square and rectangle, while cultural and residential objects are decorated with smoother forms: arches, cylindrical columns and various unique decorative elements
Une campagne en mutation ou l'habitat rural en Alsace des Xe-XIIe siècles
Authors: Châtelet Madeleine , Dottori Boris
Published: June 2024

Les fouilles des dernières années en Alsace ont mis en lumière le rôle fondamental joué par la période des Xe-XIIe siècles dans la formation des villages. En faisant la synthèse de ces nouvelles données et en les confrontant aux sources historiques, nous avons tenté de réaliser une première esquisse de ces trois siècles de transition, apparue encore profondément ancrés dans la tradition carolingienne, tout en montrant les premiers signes d’une évolution qui va conduire concomitamment à des transformations architecturales majeures et à la fixation des habitats autour du pôle ecclésiastique.
L'évolution d'un village du haut Moyen Âge dans la banlieue orléanaise : le site des Chesnats à La Chapelle-Saint-Mesmin (Loiret)
Authors: Loubignac Fabien , Jaffrot Etienne , Rouleau Rémy , Vandecasteele Guillaume
Published: June 2024

Les cinq hectares de fouille au lieu-dit «les Chesnats » sur la commune de La Chapelle-Saint-Mesmin (Loiret) offrent l’opportunité d’étudier une occupation rurale agglomérée évoluant sur près de dix siècles. Les premiers résultats synthétiques permettent d’apprécier l’évolution des vestiges de la Protohistoire jusqu’à nos jours. À son apogée au IXe siècle, le site se caractérise par des unités d’habitat standardisées, réparties le long d’une voie pérennisée dans le paysage chapellois, par des installations communautaires et par une fonction économique marquée. Cette organisation et la nature des infrastructures permettent de l’interpréter comme un village. Les recherches ont également permis de cerner l’évolution du parcellaire, d’identifier différentes modes d’ensilage et de spécifier, par l’étude du mobilier, le statut social d’une partie de ses occupants.
L’établissement littoral de Saint-Martin-le-Bas à Gruissan (Aude) durant l’Antiquité tardive : premier bilan des recherches récentes
Authors: Duperron Guillaume
Published: June 2024

La excavación que se está llevando a cabo actualmente en el yacimiento costero de Saint-Martin-le-Bas en Gruissan (Aude), cerca de Narbona, ha permitido estudiar sobre aproximadamente 2.500 m ² una ocupación que data de los siglos V y VI. Los vestigios de este período identificados hasta la fecha corresponden esencialmente a numerosos silos y vertederos que han proporcionado abundantes datos que permiten comprender con precisión las actividades económicas y el modo de vida de los ocupantes del lugar. Esta documentación atestigua una importante explotación de los recursos locales : la ganadería y el cultivo de cereales, pero también la pesca y la cría de mariscos, parecen ser las actividades predominantes. Además, los riquísimos conjuntos de cerámica atestiguan la regularidad de las relaciones comerciales a larga distancia, principalmente con el norte de África y el Mediterráneo oriental. Sin embargo, el hábitat sigue siendo desconocido, pero la zona de enterramiento asociada a esta ocupación se ha localizado cerca de la orilla del estanque y se ha estudiado parcialmente. El objetivo de esta contribución es presentar un primer balance de estos trabajos en curso, que contribuyen a caracterizar mejor las formas de ocupación y explotación del litoral mediterráneo durante el período de transición entre la Antigüedad y la Edad Media.
Ergersheim - « Abbaye » (Bas-Rhin) : un habitat des époques mérovingienne et carolingienne
Authors: Guillotin Stéphanie
Published: June 2024

La ocupación medieval del yacimiento comenzó durante la segunda mitad del siglo V o principios del VI. Se caracteriza por la abundancia de fosas cuya función principal no se ha podido identificar. En el siglo VII la ocupación consistió en una agrupación de fondos de cabaña que parece estar limitada en su lado septentrional, aunque no se han descubierto fosos o empalizadas. Al norte del emplazamiento hay una zona reservada para la colocación de fosos de almacenamiento y eliminación. En los siglos X-XI el sitio cambió su apariencia. A partir de entonces sólo hubo unas pocas bodegas y fondos de cabaña agrupados en una pequeña zona de la superficie decapada. El lugar fue reocupado entre la segunda mitad del siglo XV y la primera mitad del XVII, sin que se haya identificado su función. Finalmente, cuando las hermanas del convento de Notre-Dame d’Altbronn llegaron en el siglo XIX se transformó en un jardín.
L’île de Maguelone (Hérault) de l’Antiquité tardive au haut Moyen Âge
Authors: Garnotel Alexandrine , Ginouvez Olivier , Raynaud Claude , Hernandez Jérôme
Published: June 2024

Sur le littoral du Languedoc, l’île de Maguelone accueille un siège épiscopal à partir du VIe siècle. Autour de la cathédrale romane toujours en place, le site est resté méconnu jusqu’au développement récent des recherches archéologiques. De 1998 à 2000, une fouille préventive a permis d’explorer une église des VIe-VIIe siècles, ainsi que la nécropole développée à son entour. Parallèlement, une prospection systématique a révélé la chronologie de l’occupation insulaire. Le site est resté occupé durant plusieurs siècles mais l’essentiel des vestiges se rapporte à l’Antiquité tardive et au haut Moyen Âge. La prépondérance du mobilier amphorique souligne l’ampleur de l’activité commerciale déployée sur le littoral et marquée par l’abondance des productions provenant de l’ensemble du bassin méditerranéen.
Économies des populations néolithiques de Corse : apport de l’étude typo-technologique du matériel en pierre polie et du macro-outillage du site de A Guaita (Morsiglia, Haute-Corse)
Authors: Lorenzi Françoise , Colonna Antonia , Dubar Michel , Nicollet Christian , Zamagni Barbara , Conforti Jacopo
Published: June 2024

Au Mésolithique, très peu de traces d’occupation humaine sont attestées dans le Cap Corse, comme dans l’ensemble de l’île. Ce n’est qu’avec les vagues successives de néolithisation, et surtout dans le courant du VIe millénaire avant notre ère, que des petits groupes humains s’installent majoritairement le long des côtes dans des abris. Ils pratiquent une économie de subsistance axée sur une agriculture sommaire et un élevage adapté au relief (ovicaprinés et suinés) tout en pratiquant cueillette, chasse et pêche. Situé sur une petite colline littorale au nord-ouest du Cap Corse, le gisement de A Guaita a livré, sur une terrasse sommitale, deux occupations successives du Néolithique ancien et moyen (fin du VIe millénaire-fin du IVe millénaire BCE), dont une grande structure d’habitat attribuable au Néolithique moyen. De nombreux vestiges céramiques et lithiques propres à chacune des occupations ont été recueillis, dont plus d’une soixantaine d’outils en pierre non taillée (macro-outillage) et en pierre polie, rarement publiés, sinon étudiés en Corse. En effet, les meules, molettes, lissoirs, percuteurs et lames polies sont souvent analysés, mais d’autres outils (enclumes, aiguisoirs, pièces intermédiaires ou outils multifonctionnels) sont très rarement évoqués. Sans doute n’apparaissent-ils pas en aussi grand nombre sur de nombreux sites insulaires. Depuis quelques années, plusieurs publications nationales ont abordé une étude systématique de ces pièces. Nous avons donc réalisé une description et une analyse par catégorie de notre corpus, et chacun de ces groupes est présenté et illustré. La localisation spatiale des pièces indique les aires probables d’activité des groupes. En plus d’un examen macroscopique systématique, plusieurs éléments ont fait l’objet d’analyses pétrographiques qui ont mis en évidence leur origine locale : en effet, la quasi-totalité de ces outils sont issus de galets, ou façonnés à partir de blocs qui proviennent de l’environnement immédiat du site (approvisionnement local) ou du Cap Corse (microrégional). L'ensemble de ces données (éléments de meunerie, outils en pierre polie, mais aussi macro-outils servant au façonnage, au débitage, ou à la production d’industries en pierre taillée) laisse supposer des activités de production nécessaires à la vie des occupants du site. Enfin, des rapprochements culturels sont envisagés avec des sites corses et d''Italie centrale, ainsi que les circuits et échanges que ces artefacts semblent suggérer dans l’aire tyrrhénienne.
Les systèmes techniques lithiques à la Baume de Monthiver (vallée du Jabron, Var) dans le contexte du Premier Mésolithique des Préalpes méridionales
Authors: Ricci Giulia , Porraz Guillaume , Tomasso Antonin
Published: June 2024

Le début de l’Holocène consacre l’émergence des sociétés mésolithiques en Europe. Cette période est marquée par une polymorphie des expressions techniques et de nombreuses questions persistent quant à la nature des scénarios régionaux et des processus historiques sous-jacents. Dans cet article, nous concentrons notre attention sur les dernières occupations humaines à la Baume de Monthiver, petit abri des Préalpes du Sud françaises localisé sur les reliefs jurassiques de la vallée du Jabron (Var, France). Ces occupations, datées du 9e millénaire cal. BP, montrent des comportements d’acquisition des roches en faveur des disponibilités immédiates, exploitées dans le cadre de débitages de structure additionnelle (courtes séquences d’enlèvements par surfaces adjacentes) et intégrée (de type pyramidal) orientés vers l’obtention d’éclats et d’éléments lamellaires et lamino-lamellaires. Les résultats de l’étude permettent de rapprocher cet assemblage lithique des traditions techniques du Sauveterrien. Toutefois l’assemblage lithique interpelle par la pauvreté de son corpus typologique et par l’absence d’armatures géométriques, renvoyant plus généralement à la question des variabilités fonctionnelles et régionales au cours de cette période. L’article engage une synthèse de nos connaissances actuelles sur le premier Mésolithique dans l’arc liguro-provençal et positionne la Baume de Monthiver dans les questions qui animent aujourd’hui l’étude du Mésolithique d’Europe de l’Ouest.
Monument funéraire du Néolithique moyen à Moussy-Verneuil (Aisne)
Authors: Robert Bruno
Published: June 2024

En 2002, la découverte d’un petit monument très érodé attribuable au Néolithique moyen suscita des interrogations sur la crédibilité d’une telle découverte, inédite dans la vallée de l’Aisne. D’autant que la structure paraissait très détruite et que la définition de son image au sol ne fut jamais bien marquée, même une fois la fouille achevée. Cet article en présente les caractéristiques. Si le plan présente des similitudes avec des monuments Cerny de l’Yonne, les quelques tessons trouvés lors de la fouille révèlent une occupation au Michelsberg. Malheureusement les datations AMS ont échouées du fait de la mauvaise conservation de l’os.
Des occupations agricoles et artisanales du Bronze final, de l’antiquité et de l’époque Carolingienne à Villers-Cotterêts "Les Verriers" (Aisne)
Authors: Libert Karine , Le Guen Pascal , Leroy Pierre-Marie , Pissot Véronique
Published: June 2024

La fouille réalisée en 2010 sur la ZAC des "Verriers" à Villers-Cotterêts (02) a permis l’observation d’au moins trois occupations successives de l’âge du Bronze final, de la période romaine et de l’époque carolingienne. Elle entre dans une optique de recherche de plus en plus marquée, de ce territoire frontalier jusqu’alors peu documenté par l’archéologie. Cette fouille, de même que les diverses opérations de fouilles et de diagnostics réalisés en périphérie -notamment la récente mise au jour d’occupations du second âge du Fer sur la parcelle voisine -montre la pérennité de l’occupation sur le long terme dans ce secteur de Villers-Cotterêts depuis au moins la fin de l’âge du Bronze et probablement jusqu’à la période moderne.
L’évolution d’un terroir au cours de la Protohistoire récente à Ourcel-Maison et Hardivillers (Oise)
Authors: Descheyer Nathalie , Malrain François , Rougier Richard
Published: June 2024

Around 275-250 B. C., a first arciform dwelling was established at Ourcel-Maison. During the two following centuries, the area was to be subject to increasing occupation, especially noticeable from the middle of the 2nd century B. C., with the tripling of the number of enclosures, and at the same time an increase in their surface areas and in the number of domestic units. This spreading out from what might be termed a “ mother” settlement suggests the hypothesis that there was continuous development, as a consequence of the economic vitality of this community, from generation to generation.
Un habitat du Hallstatt final à Brissay-Choigny (Aisne)
Authors: Flucher G. , Desenne Sophie
Published: June 2024

The excavation carried out at Brissay-Choigny “ La Prélette” over a surface of 2000 square meters unearthed the remains of a Late Hallstatt dwelling. They are characterized by the presence of several groups of postholes and of poly-lobed pits. Thanks to the ceramic finds, this occupancy may be attributed to the chrono-cultural horizon of Aisne-Marne 1A-2 (Hallstatt D2, 525-500 B. C.). This discovery is doubly interesting, firstly because in this area of the upper Oise valley, Bronze and Iron Age occupancy is still barely known, especially as concerns Iron Age I ; secondly because the ceramic artefacts are attributable to the Aisne-Marne cultural group, which displays more affinities with the North-Alpine complex than with the Atlantic complex. The excavation of this dwelling has thus enhanced our understanding of cultural boundaries, as the upper Oise valley seems to represent the maximum extension to the North-West of the Marnian culture.