bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Insolvency Proceedings: ASEAN and EU Comparison on the Rules of Foreign Court Jurisdiction
Authors: Anggriawan Rizaldy
Published: September 2022

Due to a lack of uniformity or harmonization of laws and regulations, cross-border insolvency has remained an issue in the ASEAN region. ASEAN economic openness with the implementation of the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) and ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) may create issues at some points as investors compete to dominate the ASEAN while assets are located not only on their own territory but also in other ASEAN member countries. On some occasions, they can fail to meet their debt payment obligations when performing international business transactions. As a result of the bankruptcy case, a legal arrangement may exist between the country in which the business actor is declared bankrupt and the country in which the bankrupt debtor's assets are located. This interaction between two or more countries involves a clash of jurisdictions. In order to counter such an issue, ASEAN may learn from what the EU has done over these decades. The study aims to compare the regulatory issue of foreign court jurisdiction in settling the insolvency cases both in ASEAN and EU. The paper is normative-qualitative legal research. It used a comparative, statute, and conceptual approach. It is found that in terms of cross-border insolvency, the European Union is far ahead of ASEAN, given that at least two major regulations in place, namely EC Regulation 1346/2000 and EU Regulation 2015/848, while ASEAN has almost nothing to offer at this time. The experience of the EU to formulate and implement a settled regulation on foreign court jurisdiction in settling the insolvency cases among EU member countries is one of the valuable lessons that ASEAN may take from the EU.
CONSTITUTIONAL OBLIGATIONS OF INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A CRITICAL APPRAISAL
Authors: Refisyanti Sonya Whisler
Published: September 2022

The research aims to evaluate the Indonesian government’s constitutional obligations and responses to protect citizens from coronavirus. The research is normative legal research using a statute, case, and comparative approach. The research findings reveal that first, the 1945 Constitution and Indonesian Human Rights Act state that the government has a responsibility to protect citizens’ human rights. Also, Health Quarantine Act, Health Act, Disaster Management Act, and Outbreaks of Infectious Diseases Act mention that the government has responsibility for any health efforts carried out during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Second, the government’s policies, such as arranging the Covid-19 Task Force and performing Large-Scale Social Restrictions, were late, and lack of coordination between central and local governments. Third, the government’s obstacles in handling the Covid-19 Pandemic are the policy not implemented effectively and adequately, ignorance and slow responses from the beginning, and low level of community awareness and individual discipline. The research recommends that, in the future, the government shall immediately take some prevention efforts and implement a strict lockdown policy for regions that have reached a particular infection level. The community also has to build their awareness and discipline to help the government deal with the COVID-19. Therefore, the spread of COVID-19 can be appropriately anticipated and controlled.
Adjudicating Separation of Powers: Lessons From The European Court of Human Rights for A Future Asian Human Rights Mechanism?
Authors: Lee Seokmin
Published: September 2022

Efforts to build a regional human rights mechanism in Asia are being renewed. Separation of powers adjudication will be inevitable if the right of access to court is included in the new mechanism. This is significant since the potential for separation of powers cases involving human rights issues in Asia is high. An Asian human rights mechanism must take this possibility into account, since adjudicating on such issues may severely impact its stability and long-term viability. A mechanism based on existing regional systems such as the ECHR can seek to minimize these risks via institutional solutions. On the other hand, an Asian mechanism can side-step these issues in the short term by focusing on a narrow set of rights, which minimize the potential for raising issues of separation of powers. In the long term, however, a complete charter of fundamental rights cannot ignore separation of powers issues being linked with human rights. The aim of this paper is to highlight both the inevitability and risks of adjudicating cases involving a nexus between separation of powers and human rights by a regional human rights court.
Comparative study between snodgrass urethroplasty and modified snodgrass urethroplasty for distal penile hypospadias in terms of post-operative urethrocutaneous fistula formation
Authors: Akan Abu Bakar , Mondal Susankar Kumar , Mojmdar M. Rezaul Karim , Shakhawat Islam M. , Mahammad Noor , Munmun Umme Habiba Dilshad
Published: September 2022

Background: Hypospadias is a congenital defect involving the male urethra characterized by the absence of urethral meatus at its normal position. This anomaly is usually associated with the ventrally deficient but dorsally hooded skin. In some cases, the penis is ventrally curved. Surgery is the option for this defect. So many procedures have been developed but none is free from the development of urethrocutaneous fistula. Now-a-days, the popular Snodgrass procedure is widely practiced but still fistula occurs. Many factors are thought to be responsible for it. The most important one is defective ventral penile skin which is deficient of vascular and collagen tissues. To minimize these deficient factors, a dorsal vascular preputial flap is transferred ventrally (modified) to reduce fistula formation further. A comparative study was disigned to determine the role of dorsal vascular flap.Methods: The prospective observational study was conducted in the department of pediatric surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib medical university, Dhaka, Bangladesh since February 2017 to May 2021.Results: A total of 40 patients with distal penile hypospadias were included in this study. They were divided into Group A and group B, 20 for each. Snodgrass procedure was for Group A and the modified Snodgrass procedure was done for group B. The outcome of both the groups was determined in terms of fistula formation. Seven patients in group-A and one patient in group B developed fistula. The results were analyzed and were found statistically significant.Conclusions: Modified Snodgrass urethroplasty has a better outcome.
Self-reported tinnitus in pediatric age group: our experiences at a tertiary care teaching hospital in eastern India
Authors: Swain Santosh K. , Baliarsingh Prasenjit
Published: September 2022

Background: Many children do not complain of tinnitus spontaneously. Tinnitus in the pediatric age group is an overlooked symptom. It has not received much attention in the pediatric age group than adult age. Children rarely complain spontaneously of tinnitus but present it when questioned. Objective of the study was to assess tinnitus in the pediatric age group with or without hearing impairment and its severity.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study on the children in the age group of 5 to 18 years who attended our tertiary care teaching hospital for evaluation of hearing impairment. The characteristics and severity of the self-reported tinnitus were collected by asking a questionnaire. The hearing assessment was done by performing pure tone audiometry. The frequencies of 250,500,1000,4000, and 8000 Hz were used in pure tone audiometry during the evaluation of hearing.Results: There were 172 children enrolled in this study and 104 made a self-report of tinnitus. Out of 104 children that self-reported tinnitus showed hearing loss in 67 (64.42%) cases. Different characteristics of tinnitus documented such as ringing (n=38; 36.53%), buzzing (n=21; 20.19%), wheezing (n=15; 14.42%) rustling (n=13;12.50%), beating (n=5;4.80%) and chirping (n=3;2.88%).Conclusions: Tinnitus in the pediatric age group affects their social interactions and learning. Tinnitus in children should be detected early and managed appropriately for avoiding the adverse consequences of tinnitus on a child’s health and wellbeing.
A study on assessment and analysis of new born hearing screening by otoacoustic emission
Authors: Sureshrajkumar S. , Ravisankar V.
Published: September 2022

Background: Hearing impairment can occur at any age, but the most severe one appears before or immediately after birth. The consequences of these damages can cause speech and intellectual development function disorders. Test like otoacoustic emission (OAE) is required for newborn for early neonatal screening, hence aim of our study is to evaluate the incidence of early hearing loss using OAE in new born.Methods: This is a prospective study done in new born delivered in PSG medical college and hospital during the study period of one year in 2018. Our sample size was 1040. All new born between 36 hours and 28 days born in this hospital were included. A pre-designed, pre-tested validated semi-structured proforma was used to record the findings.Results: In our study prevalence of deafness was found to be 0.19%. Out of 48 high risk babies, one baby (2.1%) had hearing impairment (profound hearing loss), similarly out of 992 non-high-risk babies, there was one baby with hearing impairment. Out of 1040 babies, 186 babies have failed OAE test at 36 hours of birth. Out of those 186 babies, test at two weeks of birth 84 failed and 102 passed and at 28 days- 72 babies passing and 12 babies were failing the test. Twelve babies were subjected to brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) test where only two babies out of 12 babies turned out to be BERA positive.Conclusions: Hence, early identification and intervention will allow deaf and hard of hearing children to develop language skills during a period of neural plasticity.
Pediatric rehabilitation post Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case report at Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta
Authors: Fafolahan Abiola O. , Olatunji Taiwo O. , Davis Abigail O. , Sodipo Oladunni P. , Adeoye Kafayat K. , Musa Badiru O. , David Olakorede , Jegede Erioluwa , Musari Titilope , Adeyemi Blessing O. , Obadeji Ebunoluwa M.
Published: September 2022

Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), a lower motor neuron autoimmune disease, primarily damages the myelin sheaths of the peripheral nervous system. Around the world, it is the main cause of acute flaccid paralysis. This case study's aim was to outline the physical therapy interventions provided to a patient at the Federal Medical Center in Abeokuta (FMCA) who was diagnosed of GBS. An 8-year-old child who arrived at the children emergency unit complaining of weariness, a headache and difficulty walking. This patient had physiotherapy interventions, which included free active exercises for the upper and lower limbs, grip strengthening and passive movements to all joints. Resisted active exercises and bridging was also incorporated. Patient was able to do standing and walking re-education at week 5th and 10th week respectively. Following physical therapy rehabilitation, the patient demonstrated improvements with range of motion (ROM), strength, balance, ambulation and endurance. Early referral for physical therapy, clinical compliance, commitment to home programme exercises, and support from family were all proven to significantly improve recovery.
Binder’s syndrome: a rare disease
Authors: Athmananda Chandana , Narayan Kowsthuba , Unki Praveen
Published: September 2022

Von Binder described a rare congenital developmental disorder in 1962. It is a developmental disorder which is affecting the maxillary anterior region and nasal complex (nose and jaw) hence he gave the name maxillonasal dysplasia. Binder gave six classical characteristic features: arhinoid face, maxillary hypoplasia, reduced or absent nasal bridge, malformation of nasal bones, hypertrophy of turbinates with atrophy of nasal mucosa, absent frontal sinus (not compulsory). We reported a 8 years old female child presented with complaints of history of bilateral hearing loss and stuttering noticed from 2 years of age with history of delayed language and milestone development with below average academic performance and examination findings showed crescent shaped face, hypertelorism, flattened nasal bridge and ear examination findings showed low set ears. Oropharynx examination showed high arched palate, palatal scar and biﬁd uvula. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy showed bilateral hypertrophy of inferior turbinates and atrophy of nasal mucosa, pure tone audiometry done which shows B/L sensorineural hearing loss. Binder’s syndrome is a rare congenital malformation that mainly affects facial features. Treatment planning requires nose reconstruction first of all, but sometimes other medical care (such as orthodontic and orthognatic treatment) is also necessary. The timing and types of procedures involved in the treatment of patients with maxillonasal dysplasia depend on the severity of the malformation and are planned individually.
Role of cartilage graft in type 1 tympanoplasty: audiological and otologic outcomes
Authors: Kaur Jasmeet , Bhagat Sanjeev , Sahni Dimple , Sharma Dinesh K. , Yadav Vishav
Published: September 2022

Background: Temporalis fascia is the most commonly used graft material for the tympanic membrane perforations. Due to high failure rate of temporalis fascia in adhesive otitis media, large perforations and advanced middle ear pathology alternate graft materials which are more rigid and resistant to infection are being used. Cartilage graft has shown to be a promising graft material in such cases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional and anatomic results with cartilage graft in type 1 tympanoplasty.

Methods: The present prospective study was conducted among 40 patients of chronic otitis media between 11-60 years of age requiring tympanoplasty in department of ear, nose and throat (ENT) in Government Medical College and Rajindra Hospital, Patiala.  

Results: The overall success rate of type 1 cartilage tympanoplasty was 85% in terms of perforation closure and post operative pure tone audiometry (PTA) at 6 weeks was 37.24 and at 12 weeks PTA was 34.27 The p value was <0.001 which was found to be significant. The AB gap closure at 6 weeks post op was 6.79 and at 12 weeks 9.76±2.12 dB.

Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that cartilage is more effective graft material in high-risk perforations, chronic ET dysfunction than fascia and audiological improvement with cartilage is found to be comparable with temporalis fascia.
Effect of collagen on large traumatic perforation of tympanic membrane
Authors: Velmurugan Dinesh , Ghosh Puja , Kurian Andrew Thomas
Published: September 2022

Traumatic perforation of the tympanic membrane (TPTM) is often encountered in primary care or in the emergency department (ED). Despite several therapeutic and surgical interventions have been described in the literature, but the conservative approach of follow-up until spontaneous recovery is the most common choice.1 We investigated the utility of bovine collagen extraction patching in the large traumatic TM perforation gives better resultthan spontaneous recovery.
Influence of Vitamin D on Ethanol Induced Retinal Changes in Experimental Rats
Authors: Arunachalam Deekshitha , Rai Ashwin R. , Rai Rajalakshmi , Joy Teresa , Nayak Shyamala
Published: September 2022

Retina is a neurosensory tissue of ocular system having highly unique lipids which are susceptible to free radical injuries. Chronic ethanol consumption can initiate a wide range of disorders in the CNS and also alteration in the visual system via oxidative pathway. Our study was designed to evaluate the role of vitamin D, a well-known antioxidant and neuroprotective steroid hormone, in the maintenance of ocular health in ethanol induced toxicity. In our present study 4 months old Wistar rats were exposed to ethanol, daily for 6 weeks, while another set of rats received ethanol daily, along with vitamin D for the same duration. A control group consisting of normal rats without any treatment was also included in this experiment. After 6 weeks, Total Anti-Oxidant (TAO) level of eyeball and retinal thickness was measured and statistically analyzed. We observed significantly decreased total antioxidant level in whole eye homogenate in ethanol administered rats which was associated with morphometric changes in the retina. Whereas, vitamin D treated rats showed near to normal retinal morphology as well as TAO level suggesting that vitamin D has the potential to reverse retinal damages caused by ethanol toxicity induced by long term consumption of it.
Cleistopholis patens Extracts Attenuate Inflammatory Cytokine and Oxidative Stress Status in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant-induced Rheumatoid Arthritis in Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Aloke Chinyere , Ibiam Udu A. , Obasi Orji U. , Obasi Nwogo A. , Edeogu Chuks O. , Aja Patrick M. , Emelike Chinedum U. , Ogbu Patience N. , Mordi Joseph C.
Published: September 2022

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease. Accumulating evidences show that natural products use for RA treatment is gaining importance in the medical world due to negative effects associated with orthodox medicines. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potency of Stem Bark of Cleistopholis Patens (SBCP) on Chicken Type II collagen in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) induced RA in rats. Experimental rats were divided into nine groups (n= 15). RA was established in the rats by a single intradermal injection of 0.1ml Chicken Type II collagen in CFA through the left hind paw. The serum concentrations of Interinterleukin- 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-κ), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were evaluated. Unlike the untreated arthritic group, the test groups (4-9) orally administered with graded doses (400, 600 and 800 mg/kg) of SBCP extracts for twenty-one days showed significant reduction (P < 0.05) in concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-κ, MDA and NO while the activities of SOD and CAT increased significantly (P < 0.05) when compared to the negative control. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of SBCP extracts were comparable to that of the reference drug, indomethacin. This study indicates that SBCP ethanol and aqueous extracts could suppress proinflammatory cytokines and reduce oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritic rats.
Effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on Histomorphometric changes of Hippocampus against Fluoride Toxicity in Wistar Rats
Authors: Raju Sugavasi , Kanchanalatha Gudemalla
Published: September 2022

Prolonged ingestion of fluoride leads to the pathogenesis known as fluorosis. Fluoride exposure leads to neuro degenerative changes such as reduction in the neuronal cell size and number. Exposure to fluoride showed neurodegenerative changes like shrunken neurons, increased in folding of the nuclear membrane, mitochondrial alterations, and dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum cisternae and clusters of vesicles near the Golgi bodies. Present study is to explore the histomorphometric changes of the hippocampus of fluoride induced brain and treated with Ginkgo biloba Extract (GBE). Thirty number (30) adult male Wistar rats were randomly separated into 5 Groups (n=6). Group1 (Control) supplemented with water, 2 to 5 Groups were supplemented with 100ppm of sodium fluoride for 30 days, while the Groups 3, 4, and 5 were Ginkgo biloba extract treated at 50mg/ kg, 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg body weight for 15 days, after sodium fluoride treatment, results showed that, 200mg/kg GBE provided effective and complete protection against fluoride toxicity. From the present study concluded that 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg GBE was significantly attenuated the fluoride induced toxicity in a dose depending manner. Present histomorphometrical study showed delayed neuronal death in the CA1 and CA3 regions of hippocampus of fluoride group that was significantly attenuated by GBE (50,100 and 200 mg/kg) in a dose dependant manner.
Prospects of Combinatorial Approach Involving ICD Induction and Adenosine A2A Receptor Pathway Inhibition to Improve Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Anil Kumar Y. , Chitra V.
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this review is to discuss and summarize the prospects of combinatorial approach involving immunogenic cell death induction and immunosuppressive adenosine A2A receptor pathway inhibition in enhancing anti-tumor immunity. Majority of chemotherapeutic agents can elicit antitumor immunity and modulate the composition, density, function, and distribution of Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs), to influence differential therapeutic responses and prognosis in cancer patients. Accumulating evidence indicates that the clinical success of these agents not only dependents on their cytotoxic activity but also by the enhancement of pre-existing immunity. Over expression of CD39 or CD73 enzymes has been implicated in limiting the ICD caused by chemotherapeutic agents like anthracyclines and oxaliplatin. Conversion of ATP released by chemotherapeutic drugs into adenosine dampens its capacity to attract antigen presenting cells including Dendritic Cells (DC) into the proximity of dying and dead cells. In addition, released adenosine exits potent immunosuppressive activities on different immune cells through A2A receptors in the TME and contributes to the resistance against chemotherapy. Resistance either intrinsic or acquired is the major hurdle for most of the therapeutic interventions. In order to enhance immunogenic cell death by chemotherapeutic agents, it has become clear that blockade of adenosine production or its signaling need to be specifically targeted as they represent highly resistant mechanisms. Given the prominent role of adenosine mediated immune suppression and resistance to ICD induction in TME, combination strategies that involve ICD induction and adenosine signaling blockade are further warranted.
Sodium Hypochlorite and its Environmental Impacts; Time to Switch for Herbal Alternatives
Authors: Jino Affrald R.
Published: September 2022

Sanitizers are anti-microbial products in the form of spray, lotions, and creams. Sodium hypochlorite now plays an essential role in preserving hand cleanliness by denaturing microbial proteins by lysing the cell. These Sanitizers have also been used in medical, dental, and surgical treatments. If consumed, or through cutaneous or ocular exposure, sodium hypochlorite can be hazardous. When combined with acid it forms chlorine gas and when combined with basic solutions, chloramine is formed, both of which contribute to harmful consequences and it is an incredibly powerful oxidant. Furthermore, chlorination of drinking water with sodium hypochlorite oxidase organic pollutants, resulting in trihalomethanes, which are hazardous. It is critical for health care practitioners, particularly physicians, to understand the ways in which NaOCl can cause toxicity. The study of natural cures used to treat human sickness over millennia has laid the foundation for pharmaceutical development. The adaptation of alternative hand sanitizer formulations based on natural and herbal resources is one reasonable solution to address this toxicity problem. More extensive screens of indigenous plants with elevated flavonoids levels for antibacterial activities and the development of ecofriendly and efficient hand sanitizers should be conducted as contrast to artificial formulations.
Evaluation of the Ability of Panoramic Radiography in the Determining the Morphology and Position of third Molar Roots
Authors: Razavi Seyed Hossein , Barzegar Mohsen , Abbasi Fatemeh , Ebrahimzadeh Mohammad Hossein , Namiraian Nasim
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Most third molars eventually need to be extracted, and this tooth has the most varied and unpredictable root position of all teeth. Therefore, considering the importance of accurate diagnosis of the roots of molar teeth before surgery to reduce its surgical complications, the aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of panoramic radiography to diagnose the situation of roots of third molars. the relationship of the roots to each other and the angle of the crown to the root in panoramic and clinical radiographs, respectively, using Romexis viewer and digimizer software were investigated.
Methods: In this cross-sectional-analytical study, 104 third molars of 93 patients referred for wisdom tooth extraction were examined clinically for the number of roots, the relationship of roots to each other and the angle of the crown to the root in panoramic radiography using Romexis Viewer  software and clinically after providing photograph and measuring the angle using digimizer software.
Results: In evaluating the roots of third molars, the accuracy of panoramic radiographic interpretation regarding the number of roots was 63.27% and in the presence or absence of root, adhesion was 55.89%. In addition, Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between the reported angle in radiographic interpretation and the actual angle (r = 0.318 and P value = 0.001).
Conclusion: Therefore, panoramic radiography is a valuable guide for third molar surgery. It is only necessary to consider its high error rate in terms of morphological details such as the number of roots and their relationship to each other.
Evaluating the Effect of First Skin to Skin Contact Father with Premature Infants Admitted to their Anxiety
Authors: Dehghani Khadijeh , Panabadi Ali Asgar , Salmani Naiire
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The birth of a premature baby shocks parents a lot. Although fathers also experience high levels of anxiety, they have received little attention and research. In order to focus on family care, this study was conducted to determine the effect of the first skin contact of fathers with premature infants hospitalized on their anxiety in the neonatal intensive care unit.
Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial with two experimental and control groups. 72 fathers of premature infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Shohada-e-Kargar Hospital were selected. In the experimental group, fathers made skin-to-skin contact with their infants for half an hour. In the control group, no intervention was performed. The level of anxiety in the experimental and control groups before and after the intervention was determined using the Spielberger Anxiety Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using t-test and Chi-square statistical tests in SPSS 16 software.
Results: The results showed that before the intervention in the experimental group, the mean scores of trait and state anxiety were 54.28±16.26 and 50.36±14.66, respectively, these mean scores in the control group, were 59.81±14.48 and 58.86±15.41, respectively, which was not statistically significant. However, after the intervention, the mean scores of trait (47.92±10.1) and state anxiety (48.47±9.7) of the experimental group compared to the mean scores of trait (57.72±14.65) and state anxiety (62.47±14.16) of the control group decreased, which showed a statistically significant difference (p<0/05).
Conclusion: According to the results, making the first skin contact reduces the level of anxiety in fathers of premature infants.
Biochemical Approach to the Hotness and Coldness of Mizaj in Persian Medicine: A Cross-Sectional Survey in the Healthy Population
Authors: Mozaffarpur Seyyed Ali , Azizi Maryam , Parsian Hadi , Mojahedi Morteza , Shirafkan Hoda
Published: September 2022

An individualized viewpoint in Persian Medicine is introduced with the concept of Mizaj (temperament). Accordingly, every individual is placed in a unique point among a spectrum ranging from extreme hotness to extreme coldness. The whole-body Mizaj is mainly determined by three organs of heart, brain, and liver. This study investigates the relationship between whole-body and three main organ Mizajes with some hormonal and biochemical factors. In 324 healthy volunteers between the ages of 20 and 40, whole-body Mizaj and Mizajes of heart, brain, and liver were determined in two sessions with an expert panel method. Any disagreement between experts and the moderate diagnosis was excluded. Finally, 72 healthy volunteers (including 40 hot Mizaj individuals and 32 cold Mizaj) entered the second phase. In this phase, some hormonal and biochemical factors were evaluated. In whole-body Mizaj, FBS, Hgb, Hct, MCHC, WBC, and Monocytes, were higher in people with hot Mizaj than cold Mizaj. Besides, relating to the Mizaj of the liver, FBS, cortisol, TG, Hgb, Hct, MCH, MCHC in hot Mizaj were higher than cold Mizaj. Also, in the heart, MCV and MCH were higher in hot individuals and in the brain FBS, Hgb, Hct, MCV, MCH, lymphocytes were significantly higher in hot Mizaj. It seems that FBS and Hgb as the factors involved in metabolism have the most important role in the whole-body Mizaj. Also, the association between cortisol with the hotness of the liver can be suggested by increasing sympathetic activity as one of the hotness/coldness theories.
Development and Validation of the “Treatment Satisfaction with Traditional Medicines” Questionnaire (TSTMQ)
Authors: Hashem-Dabaghian Fataneh , Hosseini-Baharanchi Fatemeh Sadat , Yusefi Fatemeh , Kadkhodaei Samira
Published: September 2022

To develop and validate “Treatment Satisfaction with Traditional Medicines” Questionnaire (TSTMQ), a preliminary 22-item instrument was designed. Content validity ratio (CVR), content validity index (CVI), Intra-class correlation (ICC), and Cronbach alpha were measured, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA and CFA) were conducted. Data were analyzed using SPSS (17) and LISREL softwares (8.8). Finally, TSTMQ with 14 items and in three domains were confirmed after measuring CVR (> 0.62), CVI (> 0.79) and EFA. ICC for the entire questionnaire was 0.99 (95% CI: 0.95-0.99) (P<0.001), and Cronbach alpha was also 0.87. In CFA, all factor loadings and t-values were greater than 0.3 and 1.96, respectively. Also, χ2/df, RMSE and GFI were 2.6, 0.062, and 0.94, respectively. This study showed that the TSTMQ is a standard tool to measure treatment satisfaction with traditional medicine.
An Evidence-Based Review on Selected Traditional Formulations against Pediculosis
Authors: Ayatollahi Seyede Zahra , Yousefi Gholamhossein , Badr Parmis
Published: September 2022

Pediculosis is a growing social problem in both developed and undeveloped countries. Resistance to chemical treatments and toxicity of insecticidal compounds are reasons why alternative medications should be proposed for this parasitic infestation. This study attempted to investigate traditional anti-lice treatments, and draw together scientific insights into lice management through the study of Persian Medicine manuscripts. Lice infestation formulations were searched in seven traditional textbooks (al-Manṣuri fi al-ṭibb, al-Qanun fi al-ṭibb, Kamil al-ṣina‘ah al-ṭibbiyah, Qarabadin  Kabir, Qarabadin Salehi, Makhzan al-Adviyeh, Eksir Azam) pertaining to one millennium period, from the 9th to 19th century. Twenty multi-component medications were selected for the study of ingredients and their active compounds. PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus were searched to find pediculicidal or insecticidal evidence. In vitro studies and clinical trials reporting anti-lice and/or insecticidal activities were summarized.
Formulations had four kinds of base (oil, vinegar, alcohol, or water). Oils act through occluding the respiratory spiracles of lice. Vinegar loosens the attachment between nits and hair shaft, improving the removal of nits from hair. Essential oil- and tannin-containing plants made up the majority of anti-lice components in the current study. Seventeen out of twenty-seven medicinal plants were reported to have pediculicidal and/or insecticidal activity. Considering the results, further investigation leads to the designing new treatments against pediculosis.
Concept of Food in Persian Medicine
Authors: Zareian Mohammad Ali , Rafiei Shabnam , Yargholi Alireza , Ahmadi Mohammad , Shirbeigi Laila , Nejatbakhsh Fatemeh
Published: September 2022

In Persian Medicine (PM), food is considered as a basic concept, the proper understanding of which, will prove beneficial in nutrition of healthy individuals and diet therapy of patients. The objective of this article is to examine the defining attributes of the concept of food in PM. Concept analysis was performed using Walker & Avant's approach, comprising eight stages of 1) selecting a concept; 2) determining the objective of analysis; 3) identifying all uses of the concept; 4) determining the defining attributes of the concept; 5) constructing a model case; 6) constructing borderline, contrary and invented cases; 7) identifying antecedents and consequences; and 8) defining empirical referent. The results showed that, the defining attributes of the concept of food in PM are: 1) replacement of body tissues and organs; 2) resemblance to tissues and organs; 3) adding to body quantity; 4) prerequisites for childbirth; 5) delicious and sweet or tasteless or greasy flavors; and 6) production of blood humors, warmth and moisture. In order to clarify the concept, borderline, contrary and invented cases were also presented. The results of this study can provide an objective and understandable picture of the use of the concept of food for researchers and open new horizons in nutrition and diet therapy.
Acessibilidade textual e terminológica para o português brasileiro: pesquisa, estratégias e orientações de [re]escrita simplificada
Authors: Silva Asafe Davi Cortina , Delgado Heloísa Orsi Koch , Finatto Maria José Bocorny
Published: September 2022

Este artigo retoma e discute a pesquisa de mestrado intitulada “Textos de divulgação para leigos sobre o Transtorno do Estresse Pós-Traumático em português: alternativas para a Acessibilidade Textual e Terminológica”. De natureza quali-quantitativa, a pesquisa associou preceitos para a promover a Acessibilidade Textual e Terminológica, a Linguística Textual, o Processamento da Linguagem Natural e a Linguística de Corpus. Esses campos teórico-aplicados, conforme dispostos pelo trabalho, permitiram mensurar a complexidade da linguagem de textos informativos sobre o Transtorno do Estresse Pós-Traumático voltados para leitores leigos com escolaridade limitada. Como resultados, o estudo demonstrou o potencial de eficiência de diferentes estratégias para simplificar textos complexos e uma série de instruções para a redação simplificada dos textos analisados. Esses resultados são aqui ponderados quanto à sua abrangência e aplicabilidade em diferentes situações da divulgação científica para leigos.
Ambidexterity and organizational performance of Brazilian exporting companies
Authors: Guerra Rodrigo Marques de Almeida , Souza Iuri Leonan Campos
Published: September 2022

Objective: To investigate the effect of exploration, exploitation, sales growth and profitability of exporting companies located in four Brazilian states.
Method: Data were processed and analyzed based on multivariate statistical procedures and Structural Equation Modeling with 216 exporting companies located in four states of Brazil, an emerging economy country.
Main Results: The findings reveal a positive and significant effect of the exploration and exploitation dimensions on sales growth and profitability in the sample of companies investigated.
Relevance / Originality: The analyzed regions are considered important for the Brazilian economy because they have different characteristics in geographic position, an abundance of natural resources, export of products and diversity of human knowledge. Finally, a theoretical framework was developed that covers the theory of Resource-Based View (RBV), exploration, exploitation and organizational performance dimensions.
Theoretical / Methodological Contributions: The proposition of a theoretical framework containing relational aspects of the dimensions of ambidexterity (exploration and exploitation) and organizational performance (sales growth and profitability) associated with the RBV theory can contribute to the theoretical improvement of administrative sciences.
Social / Management Contributions: The analyzed sample showed low profitability is more prone to exploitaton capabilities. On the other hand, companies with high profitability showed a greater inclination towards exploration capabilities. Companies with low sales growth indicate a greater inclination towards exploration capabilities, despite the small difference between exploration and exploitation for a group of companies.
Achieving transparency through blockchain: sustainability of fishery supply chain management
Authors: Cordova Miguel , Nava-Aguirre Karla Maria
Published: September 2022

Objective: This paper aimed to discuss how blockchain technology would incorporate several changes in the fishery supply chains, in order to make them more reliable and sustainable. Method: This is a qualitative study, using an exploratory method with descriptive approach. In addition, the literature review in this study presents theoretical contributions regarding utility. Main Results: The study highlights the importance of incorporating blockchain features into seafood supply chains, which are currently fragmented and lack of real-time information, focusing on its traceability potential to leveraging fishery supply chains operations and outcomes. It identifies a sequence of strategic checkpoints that provide real-time information by using blockchain in fishery supply chains. Relevance / Originality: This manuscript presents a diagram of a seafood supply chain considering how blockchain allows the data gathering in each stage in order to provide traceability to the supply chain. Hence, the study serves as a map, as well as a model, for upcoming research on how to understand the incorporation of technology into supply chains stages. Theoretical / Methodological Contributions: Supply chains support international business operations. Furthermore, as digital revolution moves aggressively forward, supply chains need to adapt to it in order to fit for the new stakeholders’ expectations. This study uses sustainable supply chain management and blockchain technology as positioning literature. Management Contributions: The study provides an overview of how fishery supply chains would work by incorporating blockchain technology, which extends the literature about sustainable supply chain management and proposes paths for actions for policymakers in order to make them improve the business ecosystem. This study implies a practical contribution to global value chain perspective and the discipline of business.
Carta de despedida
Authors: Avrichir Ilan
Published: September 2022

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Etični vidiki vodenja
Authors: ČEBAŠEK TRAVNIK ZDENKA
Published: September 2022

Večina voditeljev (vodstvenih delavcev) je prepričanih,da o etiki vedo dovolj, da v odnosu do sodelavcev ravnajo etičnoter da ne potrebujejo posebnega izobraževanja o etiki. Vendarpraksa kaže, da v mnogih delovnih okoljih pogrešajo etičnovodenje, kar je še posebej pomembno v zdravstvu. Tu se etičnovodenje odraža na dveh ravneh, poleg etičnega vodenja delovnihprocesov tudi etičnost v odnosu do pacientov.
Uboj miličnika Alojza Bartola avgusta 1955 na radgonskem mostu
Authors: RIHTARIČ IVAN
Published: September 2022

Na mostu čez reko Muro v Gornji Radgoni je bil 2. avgusta 1955 ustreljen miličnik Alojz Bartol. Osumljenec je zbežal čez državno mejo v Avstrijo, kjer je bil prijet in naslednji dan odpeljan z vlakom proti Gradcu a je orožnikoma pobegnil in se vrnil čez Prekmurje domov. Skrival se je ter vlamljal v trgovine kmetijskih zadrug, kmetij, gostiln in KLO (krajevni ljudski odbor) na širšem območju Slovenskih goric, Podravja, Haloz, Kozjanskem in celo na sosednjem Hrvaškem. Spretno se je izmikal organom pregona s pomočjo sodelavcev in sorodnikov, vse do0 1. marca 1958 ko je bil aretiran na seniku svoje stare matere v Očeslavcih. Na sodnem procesu v Mariboru (december 1958 - april 1959) mu je obtožnica očitala 84 kaznivih dejanj, a so mu jih dokazali le 45. Bil je obsojen na smrt z ustrelitvijo. Po pritožbah na Vrhovno sodišče LRS in na Vrhovno sodišče FLRJ ter po zavrnitvi prošnje za pomilostitev je bil ustreljen 30. oktobra 1959. O Francu Rihtariču še danes živi med ljudmi veliko zgodb, anekdot in postal je mit, imenovan tudi Štajerski Robin Hood.
Kako so predvidevale razvoj prebivalstva Slovenije tri izbrane projekcije
Authors: MALAČIČ JANEZ
Published: September 2022

Besedilo obravnava (ne)uresničevanje treh avtorjevih projekcij prebivalstva izdelanih za obdobje 35 let in objavljenih v šestih izdajah učbenika Demografija do leta 2021 posebej za moške in ženske. Izmed vseh variant (konstantna, nizka, srednja in visoka) treh projekcij se je do leta 2021 uresničila le visoka varianta projekcije 1991-2026 za ženske. Vse ostale variante projekcij so podcenile dejansko rast števila prebivalstva Slovenije do leta 2021.
Ali lahko preprečimo možgansko kap?
Authors: POPOVIĆ DRAŽEN
Published: September 2022

Možganska kap je nenadni dogodek pri katerem pride do odmrtja možganskega tkiva zaradi nezadostne preskrbe možganovine s kisikom in z glukozo. Možganska kap je zelo pogosto obolenje, je tretji najbolj pogosti vzrok smrti v Evropi, takoj za srčno-žilnimi obolenji in malignimi obolenji. Možganska kap je najbolj pogosti vzrok za telesno invalidnost pri odraslih ljudi. Pogostnost možganske kapi je 200- 400 na 100 000 prebivalcev. V naši regiji imamo približno 300 možganskih kapi letno. Boljše prepoznavanje dejavnikov tveganja za možgansko kap in učinkovito zdravljenje omogočajo, da se pojavnost in smrtnost zadnjih letih nekoliko zmanjšala, a je le ta še vedno visoka. Društvo za preprečevanje možganskih in žilnih bolezni je izdalo preprosti test na podlagi katerega lahko pomislimo, da je posameznika prizadela možganska kap. V kolikor so prisotni znaki za GROM, kar pomeni: G- prizadet govor; R- prizadeta roka; O - spremembe na obrazu, povešeni ustni kot; M- mudi se, nujno pokliči 112. Prisotna je zelo slaba obveščenost prebivalstva o možganski kapi in zmotno prepričanje, da se možganske kapi ne da preprečiti ali zdraviti. Pomemba je edukacija prebivalstva o simptomih bolezni, načinih zdravljenja in preprečevanja možganske kapi s katerimi bi se dodatno zmanjšalo število možganskih kapi.
Usage des Améliorés et Preéservation de la Vegetation au Cameroun
Authors: Kamdem Maxime , Tounsi Gilles , Yodjin Fabrice
Published: September 2022

La végétation de la région de l’Ouest est essentiellement composée de savane, dont la savane arborée, qui est prédominante, constitue la principale source de bois d’énergie de cuisson des ménages. La présente étude a pour objectif d’analyser l’apport des foyers améliorés sur la préservation de la végétation à l’Ouest Cameroun. Afin d’évaluer cette contribution, l’on a en premier lieu réalisé une analyse spatiale, décrivant l’état de la végétation dans cette région, et en second lieu, évalué l’apport de l’usage des foyers améliorés sur la protection de la savane. L’étude indique qu’entre 2005 et 2015, la superficie de la savane a régressé de 818 300 hectares (8 183km2), du fait de la pression humaine. Cette régression serait ainsi en partie contenue, si une substitution d’un foyer à trois pierres par un foyer amélioré était réalisable au sein de chaque ménage. Celle-ci conduirait à une économie de 1 648Kgs de bois par ménage par an, correspondant à une superficie de 15 614,8 hectares de savane préservée par an.
Etude des Effets Antianémiques d’un Complément Alimentaire à Base de Feuilles de Jatropha gossypiifolia chez des Rats Wistar
Authors: Michel Bleu Gomé , Berthe Ahui Bitty Marie Louise , André Konan Brou , Fleur Brou Anthelme Ange Emeline , Okou Obou Constantin , Flavien Traoré
Published: September 2022

L’anémie constitue l’un des problèmes de santé publique les plus répandus au monde. Le présent travail a pour objectif d’évaluer les propriétés antianémiques des feuilles de Jatropha gossypiifolia (FJG) en l’utilisant comme complément alimentaire chez des rats Wistar. Ainsi, après un screening phytochimique, une étude toxicologique de l’extrait aqueux de la plante a été réalisée sur des souris femelles. En vue d’évaluer l’effet antianémique de cette plante, 5 lots de 5 rats Wistar mâles ont été constitués et une anémie hémolytique a été induite chez 4 lots (II à V) par administration de 20 mg/kg PC de 2,4-dinitrophénylhydrazine pendant 7 jours. Ensuite, tous ces rats ont été nourris pendant 14 jours suivant l’induction d’anémie comme suit : lot I : régime normal (témoin normal), lot II : régime normal (témoin négatif), lot III : régime normal+ Ranferon® (témoin positif), lot IV : régime normal +10% de FJG et lot V : régime normal+ 20% de FJG. Les résultats montrent que les FJG contiennent des stérols, polyterpènes, composés phénoliques, flavonoïdes, quinones, tanins catéchiques, alcaloïdes et saponosides. Par ailleurs l’extrait aqueux de feuilles n’est pas toxique par voie orale. En outre, les régimes alimentaires à base de FJG ont, tout comme le Ranferon® rétabli partiellement ou totalement les différents paramètres hématologiques mesurés à la fin de l’expérimentation. Ces résultats indiquent que J. gossypiifolia possède des propriétés antianémiques.
Etat des Lieux de L’architecture et de L’urbanisme Bioclimatique dans L’aménagement Urbain de la Ville de Lomé au Togo
Authors: Akouété Atsou Fiéfonou , Banon Fabrice
Published: September 2022

La ville de Lomé connait depuis plus de quatre décennies une urbanisation relativement galopante qui paralyse sa durabilité. Les pratiques de construction constituent un axe important de lecture de cette entrave à la durabilité. En effet, l’on constate que la majorité des projets d’aménagement urbain de la ville de Lomé prennent des formes hétéroclites avec un mimétisme à outrance de l’aménagement urbain des villes européennes et celles des autres continents. L’on se pose alors la question de savoir en quoi les pratiques architecturales et urbanistiques de construction qui ne sont pas forcément endogènes peuvent entraver la durabilité urbaine. Pour appréhender la question, la posture méthodologique est transdisciplinaire et encré dans l’approche qualitative. Il ressort suivant une analyse chronologique que, avant et pendant la colonisation l’architecture et l’urbanisme de ces périodes prennent en compte, l’aménagement bioclimatique. Toutefois, les pratiques de construction après les années 1960 sont peut respectueuses de l’environnement et ne respectent pas les principes de l’urbanisme et de l’architecture bioclimatiques. Ces pratiques compromettent la durabilité urbaine dans la ville de Lomé.
Identification of Ectoparasites and Gastrointestinal Tract Endoparasites in Stray Cats at Traditional Market of Bojonegoro City
Authors: Rachmawati Karina , Koesdarto Setiawan , Hamid Iwan Sahrial , Permatasari Dian Ayu
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
This study aims to determine the ectoparasites and endoparasites on gastrointestinal tract that infest stray cats in Bojonegoro traditional market. The samples in this study were ectoparasites and feces from 40 stray cats in Bojonegoro traditional market. The ectoparasite samples were examined using the permanent attachment method without staining, while the feces samples were examined using three methods, namely native, simple sedimentation and fulleborn floatation. A positive sample is considered if a parasite is found that matches the characteristics of a parasite in cats sourced from scientific references. The results of the examination of 40 stray cats found 27 positive ectoparasites, 23 positive worms and 6 positive protozoa. The types of ectoparasites found were Ctneocephalides felis (67.5%), Otodectes cynotis (15%) where age and gender did not affect the prevalence, while the endoparasites found were Toxocara cati (42.5%), Ancylostoma sp. (22.5%) and Isospora felis (15%), age has effect on the prevalence obtained and sex has no effect .
Keywords : Stray cats, Ectoparasites, Endoparasites in gastrointestinal tract