bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH LAJU PERTUMBUHAN PENDUDUK, GINI RATIO DAN PERTUMBUHAN PDRB PERKAPITA TERHADAP ANGKA KEMISKINAN DI KOTA BLITAR TAHUN 2011-2020
Authors: Putra Hendy Pramana , Diaudin Muhammad , Fahrudin Roiful , Suwanan Ahmad Fawaiq
Published: May 2022

Abstrak: Kemiskinan merupakan salah satu permasalahan yang masih belum terselesaikan di Indonesia, termasuk di Kota Blitar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis pengaruh Laju Pertumbuhan Penduduk, Gini Ratio dan Pertumbuhan PDRB Perkapita Kota Blitar Tahun 2011-2020. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis regresi linear berganda. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder dan merupakan bentuk data time series. Hasil analisis menunjukkan variabel Laju Pertumbuhan Penduduk berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap Angka Kemiskinan. Variabel Gini Ratio berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap Angka Kemiskinan. Variabel Pertumbuhan PDRB Perkapita berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap angka kemiskinan. Pemerintah Kota Blitar dalam menanggulangi kemiskinan harus komprehensif dan berkesinambungan. Pelaksanaan program atau bantuan harus tepat sasaran agar dapat menurunkan angka kemiskinan di Kota Blitar.Abstract: Poverty is one of the unresolved problems in Indonesia, including in Blitar City. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of the Population Growth Rate, Gini Ratio and Per capita GRDP Growth in Blitar City in 2011-2020. The analytical method used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis. The data used in this study is secondary data and is a form of time series data. The results of the analysis show that the Population Growth Rate variable has a negative and significant effect on the Poverty Rate. The Gini Ratio variable has a positive and insignificant effect on the Poverty Rate. The Per capita GRDP growth variable has a negative and insignificant effect on the poverty rate. The Blitar City Government in tackling poverty must be comprehensive and sustainable. The implementation of the program or assistance must be right on target in order to reduce the poverty rate in Blitar City.
PENGARUH KUALITAS LAYANAN DAN REPUTASI SEKOLAH TERHADAP WOM (WORD OF MOUTH) PERAN MEDIASI KEPERCAYAAN
Authors: Sari Diah Kartika , Soliha Euis
Published: May 2022

Abstrak : Salah satu Sekolah Dasar Islam Terpadu di kota Semarang yang menjadi objek penelitian, selama masa pandemic covid-19 mengalami penurunan dalam jumlah penerimaan siswa dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya. Maka dilakukanlah penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh kualitas layanan dan reputasi sekolah tersebut baik secara langsung ataupun tidak langsung dengan peran mediasi kepercayaan dari orang tua siswa yang berdampak terhadap efektifitas penggunaan komunikasi WOM (Word of Mouth) pada orang tua siswa. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan populasi orang tua siswa kelas 2 sampai kelas 6 yang telah merasakan kualitas layanan selama satu tahun. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan proportionate stratified random sampling dengan jumlah sampel 179 orang. Metode analisis data menggunakan regresi linier berganda dan uji sobel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesediaan orang tua siswa menyebarkan informasi melalui WOM (Word of Mouth) dipengaruhi mediasi kepercayaan dari orang tua siswa dan secara langsung dengan reputasi sekolah. Kualitas layanan belum mampu mempengaruhi secara langsung WOM, sehingga dalam penelitian ini peran kepercayaan orang tua siswa sangatlah penting dalam mempengaruhi jumlah penerimaan siswa di sekolah tersebut.Abstract: One of the Integrated Islamic Elementary Schools in the city of  Semarang which became the object of research, during the covid-19 pandemic, there was a decrease in the number of student admissions compared to the previous year. So a study was conducted that aims to determine how much influence the quality of service and the reputation of the school, either directly or indirectly, with the mediating role of trust from parents of students which has an impact on the effectiveness of using WOM (Word of Mouth) communication on parents. The study used a quantitative approach with a population of parents of grade 2 to grade 6 students who had experienced the quality of service for one year. The sampling technique used is proportionate stratified random sampling with a sample size of 179 people. Methods of data analysis using multiple linear regression and sobel test. The results showed that the willingness of parents to disseminate information through WOM (Word of Mouth) was influenced by the mediation of trust from students' parents and directly with the school's reputation. Service quality has not been able to directly affect WOM, so in this study the role of parents' trust is very important in influencing the number of student admissions in the school.
Keefektifan model pembelajaran berbasis inkuiri ditinjau dari prestasi belajar dan kepercayaan diri dalam belajar matematika siswa SMP
Authors: Lintuman Aryadi , Wijaya Ariyadi
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan keefektifan model pembelajaran berbasis inkuiri ditinjau dari prestasi belajar dan kepercayaan diri dalam belajar matematika siswa SMP. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan desain one-group posttest-only. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 8 Yogyakarta yang terdiri dari 10 kelas. Penelitian ini menggunakan satu kelas yang terdiri dari 32 orang siswa sebagai sampel yang dipilih secara acak. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes dan non tes. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu tes prestasi belajar dan angket kepercayaan diri dalam belajar matematika. Uji asumsi normalitas data menggunakan uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov satu sampel pada taraf signifikan α = 5%. Teknik analisis data untuk menguji keefektifan model pembelajaran ditinjau dari prestasi belajar dan kepercayaan diri dalam belajar matematika masing-masing menggunakan uji-t satu sampel pada taraf signifikan α = 5%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran berbasis inkuiri efektif ditinjau dari prestasi belajar dan kepercayaan diri dalam belajar matematika siswa. The effectiveness of the inquiry-based learning model in term learning achievement and self-confidence in learning mathematics of junior high school studentsAbstractThis research aimed to describe the effectiveness of the inquiry-based learning model in terms of learning achievement and self-confidence in learning mathematics of junior high school students. This study was a quasi-experimental with one-group posttest-only design. The population of this study was all students of 7th-grade of SMP Negeri 8 (Yogyakarta State Junior High School Number 8) consisted of ten classrooms. The research used a class consisted of 32 students as the sample that was randomly selected. The data was collected by using test and non-test techniques. The instruments to collect the data were an achievement test and a questionnaire about self-confidence in learning mathematics. The assumption test of data normality used the one-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test at 5% significant level. Data analysis techniques for the effectiveness of the learning model in terms of learning achievement and self-confidence in learning mathematics used the one-sample t-test at 5% significant level. The results of this study indicate that the inquiry-based learning model was effective in terms of students’ learning achievement and self-confidence in learning mathematics.
Kontribusi kompetensi guru matematika SMP terhadap prestasi belajar siswa
Authors: Astuti Tika Abri , Jailani Jailani
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kontribusi kompetensi guru matematika SMP terhadap prestasi belajar siswa. Kompetensi guru dikelompok­kan ke dalam empat ranah, yaitu kompetensi pedagogik, profesional, sosial, dan kepribadian. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei. Data penelitian dikum­pulkan melalui angket, data sekunder hasil Ujian Kompetensi Guru (UKG) tahun 2015, dan nilai UAS siswa kelas VII tahun ajaran 2016/2017. Populasi penelitian adalah guru matematika SMP di Kabupaten Sleman dengan sampel pene­litian sebanyak 72 guru. Sampel ditentukan dengan proportional random sam­pling. Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara variabel kompetensi guru dan pres­tasi belajar siswa digunakan analisis Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa: (1) kompe­tensi guru dapat menjelaskan prestasi belajar siswa sebesar 44,7%; (2) terdapat kontribusi positif dan signifikan antara kompetensi pedagogik dan kom­petensi profesional terhadap prestasi belajar siswa dengan nilai prediksi secara bertu­rut-turut yaitu 0,247 (t = 1,97, p 0,05) dan 0,248 (t = 2,343, p 0,05); dan (3) kompetensi sosial dan kepribadian tidak berpengaruh signifikan ter­hadap pres­tasi belajar siswa dengan nilai prediksi secara berturut-turut yaitu 0,227 (t = 1,316, p 0,05) dan 0,070 (t = 0,410, p 0,05) Contribution of junior high school mathematics teacher competence on student’s achievementAbstractThis research aimed to describe the contribution of junior high school mathe­matics teacher competence to student achievement. Teacher competence was grouped into four domains, namely pedagogic, professional, social, and perso­nality. This research was survey research. The research data was collected through a questionnaire, secondary data on the 2015 teacher com­petency exa­mination results, and the seventh-grade students’ final school exa­mination sco­res for the 2016/2017 academic year. The population was junior high school mathematics teachers in Sleman Regency, Indonesia, with a sample of 72 tea­chers. The sample was determined by proportional random sampling. To deter­mine the relationship between teacher competence and students’ lear­ning achi­evement, we used Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis. The results of the study revealed that: (1) teacher compe­tence could explain students' achievement by 44.7%; (2) there was a positive and significant contribution between pedagogic competence and professional com­petence on students’ achievement with a predictive value of 0.247 (t = 1.97, p 0.05) and 0.248 (t = 2.343, p 0.05), respectively; and (3) social and perso­nality competence did not had a significant effect on student achievement with predictive values of 0.227 (t = 1.316, p 0.05) and 0.070 (t = 0.410, p 0.05), respectively.
Learning trajectory berbasis proyek pada materi definisi himpunan
Authors: Astuti Widi , Wijaya Ariyadi
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan learning trajectory ber­basis proyek yang dilalui siswa untuk memahami definisi himpunan. Penelitian desain ini menggunakan model Gravemeijer dan Cobb dengan tahapan yang terdiri atas: (1) preparing for the experiment yang mencakup penyusunan hypo­thetical learning trajectory (HLT); (2) design experiment yang mencakup pe­laksanaan pembelajaran berdasarkan HLT yang telah dirancang; dan (3) retro­spective analysis, yaitu membandingkan HLT dengan pembelajaran yang dilak­sanakan. Pengembangan HLT menjadi learning trajectory diperoleh melalui serangkaian aktivitas yang dilaksanakan dengan pengumpulan data melalui dokumentasi, observasi, dan wawancara dengan guru dan siswa untuk meng­klarifikasi dan mengonfirmasi alur belajar. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa pembelajaran berbasis proyek dapat memfasilitasi siswa dalam mema­hami definisi himpunan. Learning trajectory definisi himpu­nan berbasis proyek diperoleh melalui serangkaian aktivitas dengan empat level pemodelan. Level situasional berupa aktivitas survei kumpulan objek di sekolah. Pada level refe­rensial, istilah “ciri-ciri yang sama”, “dapat didefinisikan”, dan “objek tambah­an”, dan “kesepakatan” muncul melalui diskusi. Pada level generalisasi, siswa me­nuliskan himpunan dalam bentuk yang lebih umum. Ter­akhir, pada level for­mal, pemahaman yang siswa peroleh dari setiap aktivitas merupakan modal un­tuk membangun konsep tentang definisi himpunan.Project-based learning trajectory on the definition of the set topicAbstractThis research aimed to describe the project-based learning trajectory pass­ed through by students to understand the set definition. This design research used Gravemeijer and Cobb model with stages: (1) preparing for the experiment that includes developing hypothetical learning trajectory (HLT); (2) design of expe­riments which includes learning practices implementation based on the deve­loped HLT; and (3) retrospective analysis, which was to compare HLT with learning practices. The development of HLT into a learning trajectory was ob­tained through a series of activities carried out by collecting data through docu­mentation, observation, and interviews with the teacher and students to clarify and confirm the learning trajectory. The results indicated that project-based learning could facilitate students to understand the definition of set. The lear­ning trajectory was obtained through a series of acti­vities with four levels of modeling. The situational level was in the form of a survey activity aimed to collect objects in the school area. At the referential level, the terms “common features”, “definable”, “additional objects”, and “agree­ment” emerged thro­ugh discussion. At the generalization level, students wrote the set in a more general form. Lastly, at the formal level, the under­standing that students get from each activity was a provision to construct a concept about set definition.
Efecto de la adición de carragenina, goma guar y metilcelulosa en los parámetros de calidad de un helado con licor
Authors: Campo-Quintero Valentina , Rojas-Gaitán Juan José , Ramírez-Navas Juan Sebastián
Published: May 2022

El mercado de helados está en constante expansión y diversificación. Una muestra de ello es que se están diseñando diversas opciones de helados para el segmento de adultos, entre las cuales el helado con licor se abre camino como una opción interesante. Sin embargo, la adición de este ingrediente afecta negativamente algunos parámetros de calidad del helado. En esta investigación, buscando mantener los parámetros de calidad esperados por los consumidores, se evaluó el efecto de la adición de emulsionantes-estabilizantes en la calidad sensorial y fisicoquímica de un helado con licor utilizando un diseño de mezcla simplex-centroide, en el cual se prepararon siete formulaciones de helado por triplicado. De acuerdo con el diseño de mezclas, se combinaron metilcelulosa, goma guar y/o carragenina en lotes de helado de aproximadamente un litro. Se midieron los °Brix, la densidad, el color, el pH y el punto de congelación de la mezcla de helado madurada durante 24 horas. También se evaluaron la textura, el porcentaje de fusión, el tiempo de caída de la primera gota y el overrun del helado final. Finalmente, se realizó la evaluación sensorial utilizando pruebas de aceptación y preferencia con un panel de 141 consumidores. El efecto de los estabilizantes sobre las propiedades fisicoquímicas se analizó mediante gráficos de contorno y la formulación óptima se determinó con base en parámetros de calidad y análisis sensorial. Se concluye que la formulación óptima está compuesta por 12,32 % de metilcelulosa, 71,84 % de goma guar y 15,83 % de carragenina, para formar la red de gel que mantendrá al alcohol etílico dentro de la matriz, evitando separaciones no deseadas y manteniendo las propiedades fisicoquímicas, funcionales y sensoriales dentro los parámetros establecidos y esperados por el consumidor.
Assessing the Risk Factors For Diagnosed Symptomatic Dry Eye Using a Smartphone App: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kasetsuwan Ngamjit , Suwan-Apichon Olan , Lekhanont Kaevalin , Chuckpaiwong Varintorn , Reinprayoon Usanee , Chantra Somporn , Puangsricharern Vilavun , Pariyakanok Lalida , Prabhasawat Pinnita , Tesavibul Nattaporn , Chaidaroon Winai , Tananuvat Napaporn , Hirunpat Chakree , Prakairungthong Nauljira , Sansanayudh Wiwan , Chirapapaisan Chareenun , Phrueksaudomchai Pakornkit
Published: May 2022

Background

Dry eye (DE) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the ocular surface of the eye that affects millions of people throughout the world. Smartphone use as an effective health care tool has grown exponentially. The “Dry eye or not?” app was created to evaluate the prevalence of symptomatic DE, screen for its occurrence, and provide feedback to users with symptomatic DE throughout Thailand.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of symptomatic dry eye (DE), blink rate, maximum blink interval (MBI), and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) between people with and without symptomatic DE and to identify risk factors for symptomatic DE in Thailand.

Methods

This cross-sectional study sourced data from the “Dry eye or not?” smartphone app between November 2019 and July 2020. This app collected demographic data, Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score, blink rate, MBI, BSCVA, and visual display terminal (VDT) use data. The criterion for symptomatic DE was OSDI score ≥13.

Results

The prevalence of symptomatic DE among individuals using this smartphone app in Thailand was 85.8% (8131/9482), with the Northeastern region of Thailand having the highest prevalence, followed by the Northern region. Worse BSCVA (median 0.20, IQR 0.40; P=.02), increased blink rate (median 18, IQR 16; P<.001), reduced MBI (median 8.90, IQR 10.80; P<.001), female sex (adjusted OR 1.83; 95% CI 1.59-2.09; P<.001), more than 6 hours of VDT use (adjusted OR 1.59; 95% CI 1.15-2.19; P=.004), and lower than bachelor’s degree (adjusted OR 1.30; 95% CI 1.03-1.64; P=.02) were significantly associated with symptomatic DE. An age over 50 years (adjusted OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.60-0.99) was significantly less associated with symptomatic DE (P=.04).

Conclusions

This smartphone DE app showed that the prevalence of symptomatic DE in Thailand was 85.8%. Signs and risk factors could be also evaluated with this smartphone DE app. Screening for DE by this app may allow for the development of strategic plans for health care systems in Thailand.
Development of Best Practice Guidance on Online Peer Support for People With Young Onset Dementia: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Gerritzen Esther Vera , McDermott Orii , Orrell Martin
Published: May 2022

Background

Many people with young onset dementia (YOD) may feel isolated. Peer support has the potential to improve social health, but the inconsistent availability of age-appropriate, in-person (peer) support services for people with YOD suggests that many people with YOD miss out on the potential benefits. Online peer support could be useful, as it overcomes geographical barriers, offers a variety of options, and adjusts to various needs and preferences.

Objective

Our study aims to develop evidence-based best practice guidance on online peer support for people with YOD and group facilitators to improve online peer support for people with YOD.

Methods

Our mixed methods study consists of 4 phases and follows the guidelines of the Medical Research Council on complex interventions. Each phase consists of multiple substudies. The study focuses on the development stage of the Medical Research Council framework and additionally develops a plan for the feasibility/piloting, evaluation, and implementation stages. The participants are people living with YOD and peer support facilitators. The qualitative research methods include interviews, focus groups, and open questions in a web-based survey. The quantitative methods include a web-based survey consisting of existing outcome measures.

Results

The study is funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions – Innovative Training Networks (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2018; grant agreement number: 813196), and it received ethical approval from the London Bromley Research Ethics Committee (reference number: 21/LO/0248) in April 2021. Recruitment started in May 2021. Data collection and analysis are expected to be finished by September 2022.

Conclusions

The best practice guidance can provide people with YOD with tailored and evidence-based information about online peer support, and it will be disseminated locally (in the United Kingdom) and internationally through dementia organizations, research networks, and academic institutions.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/38379
Acceptance and Effect of Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Discharge From Hospital in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Open-label, Prospective, Controlled Study (Preprint)
Authors: Depczynski Barbara , Poynten Ann
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Continuous glucose monitors (CGM) can provide detailed information on glucose excursions. There is little information on safe transitioning from hospital back to the community for patients who have had diabetes therapies adjusted in hospital and it is unclear whether newer technologies may facilitate this process.

OBJECTIVE

Our aim was to determine whether offering CGM on discharge would be acceptable and if CGM initiated on hospital discharge in people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) would reduce hospital re-presentations at 1 month.

METHODS

This was an open-label study. Adult inpatients with T2DM, who were to be discharged home and required postdischarge glycemic stabilization, were offered usual care consisting of clinic review at 2 weeks and at 3 months. In addition to usual care, participants in the intervention arm were provided with a Libre flash glucose monitoring system (Abbott Australia). An initial run-in phase for the first 20 participants was planned, where all consenting participants were enrolled in an active arm. Subsequently, all participants were to be randomized to the active arm or usual care control group.

RESULTS

Of 237 patients screened during their hospital admission, 34 had comorbidities affecting cognition that prevented informed consent and affected their ability to learn to use the CGM device. In addition, 21 were not able to be approached as the material was only in English. Of 101 potential participants who fulfilled eligibility criteria, 19 provided consent and were enrolled. Of the 82 patients who declined to participate, 31 advised that the learning of a new task toward discharge was overwhelming or too stressful and 26 were not interested, with no other details. Due to poor recruitment, the study was terminated without entering the randomization phase to determine whether CGM could reduce readmission rate.

CONCLUSIONS

These results suggest successful and equitable implementation of telemedicine programs requires that any human factors such as language, cognition, and possible disengagement be addressed. Recovery from acute illness may not be the ideal time for introduction of newer technologies or may require more novel implementation frameworks.
Promised and Lottery Airtime Incentives to Improve Interactive Voice Response Survey Participation Among Adults in Bangladesh and Uganda: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Gibson Dustin Garrett , Kibria Gulam Muhammed Al , Pariyo George William , Ahmed Saifuddin , Ali Joseph , Labrique Alain Bernard , Khan Iqbal Ansary , Rutebemberwa Elizeus , Flora Meerjady Sabrina , Hyder Adnan Ali
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Increased mobile phone penetration allows the interviewing of respondents using interactive voice response surveys in low- and middle-income countries. However, there has been little investigation of the best type of incentive to obtain data from a representative sample in these countries.

OBJECTIVE

We assessed the effect of different airtime incentives options on cooperation and response rates of an interactive voice response survey in Bangladesh and Uganda.

METHODS

The open-label randomized controlled trial had three arms: (1) no incentive (control), (2) promised airtime incentive of 50 Bangladeshi Taka (US $0.60; 1 BDT is approximately equivalent to US $0.012) or 5000 Ugandan Shilling (US $1.35; 1 UGX is approximately equivalent to US $0.00028), and (3) lottery incentive (500 BDT and 100,000 UGX), in which the odds of winning were 1:20. Fully automated random-digit dialing was used to sample eligible participants aged ≥18 years. The risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals for primary outcomes of response and cooperation rates were obtained using log-binomial regression.

RESULTS

Between June 14 and July 14, 2017, a total of 546,746 phone calls were made in Bangladesh, with 1165 complete interviews being conducted. Between March 26 and April 22, 2017, a total of 178,572 phone calls were made in Uganda, with 1248 complete interviews being conducted. Cooperation rates were significantly higher for the promised incentive (Bangladesh: 39.3%; RR 1.38, 95% CI 1.24-1.55, P<.001; Uganda: 59.9%; RR 1.47, 95% CI 1.33-1.62, P<.001) and the lottery incentive arms (Bangladesh: 36.6%; RR 1.28, 95% CI 1.15-1.45, P<.001; Uganda: 54.6%; RR 1.34, 95% CI 1.21-1.48, P<.001) than those for the control arm (Bangladesh: 28.4%; Uganda: 40.9%). Similarly, response rates were significantly higher for the promised incentive (Bangladesh: 26.5%%; RR 1.26, 95% CI 1.14-1.39, P<.001; Uganda: 41.2%; RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.16-1.39, P<.001) and lottery incentive arms (Bangladesh: 24.5%%; RR 1.17, 95% CI 1.06-1.29, P=.002; Uganda: 37.9%%; RR 1.17, 95% CI 1.06-1.29, P=.001) than those for the control arm (Bangladesh: 21.0%; Uganda: 32.4%).

CONCLUSIONS

Promised or lottery airtime incentives improved survey participation and facilitated a large sample within a short period in 2 countries.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03773146; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03773146
Electronic diagnostic support in emergency physician triage: a qualitative study (Preprint)
Authors: Sibbald Matthew , Abdulla Bashayer , Keuhl Amy , Norman Geoff , Monteiro Sandra , Sherbino Jonathan
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Not thinking of a diagnosis is a leading cause of diagnostic error in the emergency room (ER) resulting in delayed treatment, morbidity and excess mortality. Electronic differential diagnostic support (EDS) results in small but significant reductions in diagnostic error. However, uptake of EDS by clinicians is limited.

OBJECTIVE

We conducted a qualitative study using a research assistant to rapidly prototype embedded electronic differential diagnostic support into the ER triage process to understand factors that contribute to acceptability of a fully integrated EDS system.

METHODS

Physicians involved in triage assessment of a busy ER were provided output of an EDS based on triage complaint by an embedded researcher to simulate an automated system that would draw from the electronic medical record. Physicians were interviewed immediately after their experience. Verbatim transcripts were analyzed by a team using open and axial coding, informed by direct content analysis.

RESULTS

Four themes emerged from 14 interviews: (1) quality of the EDS was inferred from the scope and prioritization of the diagnoses present in the EDS differential; (2) trust of EDS linked to varied beliefs around the diagnostic process and potential for bias; (3) clinicians foresaw more benefit to EDS use for colleagues and trainees rather than themselves; (4) clinicians felt strongly that EDS output should not be included in the patient record.

CONCLUSIONS

Adoption of an EDS into an ER triage process will require a system that provides diagnostic suggestions appropriate for the scope and context of the ER triage process, transparency of system design, affordances for clinician beliefs about the diagnostic process, and address clinician concern around including EDS output in the patient record.

CLINICALTRIAL

n/a
Digital phenotyping data to predict symptom improvement and mental health app personalization in college students (Preprint)
Authors: Currey Danielle , Torous John
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Mental health apps offer a transformative means to increase access to scalable evidence-based care for college students. Yet low rates of engagement currently preclude the effectiveness of these apps. One promising solution is to make these apps more responsive and personalized through digital phenotyping methods able to predict symptoms and offer tailored interventions.

OBJECTIVE

Following our protocol and utilizing the exact model shared in that paper, in this work we assess the prospective validity of mental health symptom prediction using the mindLAMP app. We also explore secondary aims around app intervention personalization and correlations of engagement with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Digital Working Alliance Inventory (D-WAI) scale.

METHODS

The study was 28 days in duration and followed the published protocol with participants collecting digital phenotyping data and being offered optional scheduled as well as algorithm recommend app interventions. Study compensation was tied to the completion of Weekly Surveys and was not otherwise tied to engagement or use of the app.

RESULTS

170 college student participants completed informed consent, of which 108 passed the study trial period, and 74 completed the study. The area under the curve values for the symptom prediction model ranged from 0.58 for the UCLA Loneliness Scale to 0.71 for the Patient Health Questionaire-9. Engagement with the app interventions was high with a study mean of 73% but few participants engaged with the optional recommended interventions. The perceived utility of the app in the TAM was higher among those completing at least one recommended intervention

CONCLUSIONS

Our results suggest how digital phenotyping methods can be used to create generalizable models that may help create more personalized and engaging mental health apps.
Changes in serum somatostatin level and its association with calcium metabolism indicators in patients withgastroesophageal reflux disease and spinal injuries of degenerative-dystrophic andinflammatory genesis
Authors: Szircsak Ye.S. , Tsoka S.A. , Filak Ya.F.
Published: May 2022

Background. The study of clinical features, factors and levels of various biologically active substances that may play an important role in the pathogenetic mechanism of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in combination with degenerative-dystrophic or inflammatory lesions of the spine, is an extremely important problem of the modern medical community. The purpose of the research is to determine the peculiarities of changes in the level of serum somatostatin (SST) and its relationship with calcium metabolism in patients with GERD and spine lesions of degenerative-dystrophic and inflammatory genesis. Materials and methods. 84 patients with spinal lesions of degenerative-dystrophic or inflammatory genesis in combination with GERD were examined. The examined patients with GERD were divided into two groups depending on the form of spine injury. GroupI included 44 patients with osteochondrosis (OS) of the cervical and thoracic spine (SpA). Group II consisted of 40patients with spinal arthritis. Results. There was a significant increase in the level of serum SST in both groups of the studied patients with GERD and spine injury of degenerative-dystrophic or inflammatory origin. At the same time, a more pronounced deviation from the norm was detected in group II of patients (increase up to (0.756±0.027)pg/ml, p<0.01). Determination of level 25(OH)D in serum indicates vitamin D3 deficiency in patients with GERD and OS (decrease to (23.35±0.71) ng/ml, p<0.05) and its deficiency in patients with SpA (decrease to (18.66±0.52)ng/ml, p<0.01). Serum 25(OH)D levels also decreased more markedly in the atypical clinical course of GERD in the examined patients. Conclusions. In patients with GERD with degenerative-dystrophic and inflammatory lesions of the spine, an increase in the level of serum SST was found with the most pronounced deviation from the norm in atypical manifestation of GERD. A correlation between SST and a decrease in the level of 25(OH)D and Ca++, mainly in patients with atypical clinical course of GERD, was established.
The role of the intestinal permeability in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in obese children
Authors: Stepanov Yu.M. , Zavhorodnia N.Yu. , Zhyhyr N.O.
Published: May 2022

Many studies in recent years have revealed increased intestinal permeability in the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) development and progression to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and liver fibrosis. The prevalence, course, and diagnostic criteria of pediatric NAFLD were considered in the article. The role of increased intestinal permeability in the pathogenesis of NAFLD has been demonstrated. Attention was paid to the structure of the intestinal barrier and possible methods for its permeability examination. Current studies of intestinal permeability in NAFLD in adults and children, which confirm its key role in the progression of NAFLD, were reviewed. A literature search was conducted in electronic databases Scopus, MedLine, EMBASE, Pubmed, Google Scholar, etc.
Pengaruh penambahan kacang hijau (vigna radiata (l.) R. Wilczek) pada fermensi susu oleh lactococcus lactis nbrc 12007
Authors: Widawati Raras Ahlul , Retnaningrum Endah
Published: May 2022

The high content of α-galactooligosaccharide in mung beans has the potential for supporting the growth of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), therefore it can be developed as fermented plant-based milk that substituted Ultra High Temperature (UHT) milk. The purposes of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of LAB Lactococcus lactis NBRC 12007 in the fermentation process of mung bean milk and to observe the quality differences of fermented mung bean milk with UHT milk.  Previously, preparations were made for starter L. lactis NBRC 12007 in MRSB medium and then sub cultured to UHT milk. Furthermore, 3% of the culture was inoculated into each of the mung bean milk substrate and UHT milk as a starter for the fermentation process and incubated for 24 hours at 37oC. During this process, the effectiveness of LAB was tested (total cell, total acid, total protein, pH, antibacterial) and the quality test of fermented products (organoleptic and physical).  Based on total cells, total acid, total protein, pH, and antibacterial test findings, fermented mung bean milk products had a higher value than UHT milk products. During the process, it was proven that L. lactis NBRC 12007 had high effectiveness in producing and improving the quality of fermented mung bean milk compared to UHT milk. It is assumed that the content of oligosaccharides supports the growth of LAB and the fermentation process.
Efektivitas sistem gabungan penukar kalor-udara tanah dengan kolektor surya untuk pendinginan ruangan di kota Medan
Authors: Sitorus Tulus Burhanuddin , Abda Syahrul
Published: May 2022

Energy is one of the main things in a country's economic growth, but saving energy is one of the main challenges in the world today. In developing countries such as Indonesia, the energy sector is considered a crucial sector, because consumption demand increases compared to production. Therefore, to reduce energy consumption it is necessary to save energy. Earth-air heat exchanger cooling systems are one of them. The research objective was to determine the effectiveness performance of the EAHE system on changes in room temperature according to weather conditions in Medan city. The implication of this research is to reduce the consumption of electricity or fuel oil and environmental pollution. The test room has dimensions of 200 cm x 200 cm x 200 cm. Testing using a flat plate type solar collector to help the process of air movement by taking advantage of differences in air temperature. The testing process starts at 08.00 WIB to 17.00 WIB for nine hours everyday. The measurement results show that various weather conditions include radiation intensity, ambient temperature and humidity. During the test, the radiation intensity ranged from 38.10-892.12 W/m2, the variation in ambient temperature from 24.65-35.29oC and the average air humidity 68.93%. The experimental data showed that the fluctuation of indoor air temperature ranged from 23.01 to 31.84oC and the average room temperature 27.83oC. This study resulted in an average effectiveness value of the EAHE system of 51.49%. According to the result of the statistical studies, the weather conditionsthe effectiveness of the EAHE system by51,56%.
Analisis spasial temporal zona rawan kekeringan lahan pertanian berbasis remote sensing
Authors: Utomo Agus Suprihatin , Hadi M. Pramono , Nurjani Emilya
Published: May 2022

A mapping model of drought-prone zones for agricultural land based on Geographic Information Systems is needed to determine the distribution of drought vulnerability levels that occured in Bantul Regency, DI Yogyakarta. This study aims to determine the estimated area of agricultural land drought based on the interpretation of aerial images. This study compares the performance of the drought potential index of agricultural land using the Normalized Difference Drought Index (NDDI) algorithm based on remote sensing technology/ Landsat 8 satellite imagery to identify the estimated zones indicated for agricultural land drought that occurred in Bantul Regency, based on trends in spatio-temporal data with recording intervals from the 2015 until 2020 data representative during the dry season. Comparisons were made by looking at the performance between indices extracted from Landsat 8 imagery data based on the value of the green vegetation parameter/ Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the soil and vegetation moisture parameters/ Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI). The method used in this research is descriptive correlative method: quantitative and qualitative deductive using geostatistical indicators based on big data analysis to measure and compare various data variables spatio-temporal. The distribution of agricultural land drought through the NDDI index transformation method on a normal, mild, moderate, to severe scale occurs in almost all areas of Bantul Regency. This happened, due to the influence of natural activities of the global climate phenomenon ENSO, the impact of the transition of the El Nino phenomenon to La Nina (wet drought) which was more dominant in 2016. The average area affected by drought in Bantul Regency on a normal scale affected was ± 6.500,49 ha, affected by mild drought was ± 17.192,16 ha, affected by moderate-scale drought was ± 8.636,155 ha, and affected by drought of heavy scale agricultural land was ± 2.407,485 ha.
EVALUATION OF BACTERIAL RESISTANCE OF CEFADROXIL, CEPHALEXIN AGAINST GRAM-POSITIVE AND GRAM-NEGATIVE MICRO-ORGANISMS
Authors: SUNDAR S
Published: May 2022

Objective: This study was aimed to overcome the problems of bacterial resistance to antibiotics used for the treatment of diseases.
Methods: In this aspect, two antibiotics were selected such as cefadroxil and cephalexin for the evaluation of antibiotic resistance against selected three Gram-positive microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus and three Gram-negative microorganisms such as E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens. The selected antibiotics were evaluated by the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration and the agar disk diffusion method.
Results: According to the results obtained, cefadroxil was resistant against Bacillus cereus (25.6 μg/ml, 10 mm) and Serratia marcescens (25.6, 6 mm), sensitive against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6.4 μg/ml, 18 mm), Bacillus subtilis (6.4 μg/ml, 30 mm), intermediate against E. coli (12.8 μg/ml, 16 mm), and Staphylococcus aureus (12.8 μg/ml, 15 mm). Similarly, cephalexin was resistant against Serratia marcescens (25.6 μg/ml, 10 mm), intermediate against E. coli (12.8 μg/ml, 14 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (25.6 μg/ml, 14 mm), Bacillus subtilis (12.8 μg/ml, 15 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (6.4 μg/ml, 16 mm), and sensitive against Bacillus cereus (6.4 μg/ml, 18 mm) according to the CLSI report.
Conclusion: The increased illness of human beings by the usage of antibiotics frequently without prescriptions is a serious problem that dramatically raises the cost of health-care worldwide. Hence, the study was useful and effective for the determination of antibiotic resistance of cephalexin and cefadroxil for the future treatment in more efficacies with fewer side effects.
PREVALENCE OF CARDIOVASCULAR COMORBIDITIES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE IN SUBURBAN AREAS OF SOUTH-WEST INDIA
Authors: ASWAL PRIYANKA , BHUMBLA UPASANA
Published: May 2022

Objective: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the vital cause of morbidity and mortality in Western world, though it has become an increasing cause of mortality in India also in the past decade. Another concern is that COPD patients use medications that stimulate the cardiovascular system, including anticholinergic agents and sympathomimetic medications to study the prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities in patients with COPD.
Methods: It was a prospective observational study, which was conducted on inpatient subjects diagnosed to have COPD based on GOLD guidelines 2020, for a period of 1 year in tertiary care hospital.
Results: The most of the patients were in 60–80 year age group (70%) and majority was males (87%). All the males (n=87) were smokers (62 ex-smokers and 25 present smokers) while all females (n=13) were non-smokers. The mean BMI for patients with CVD was 25.85±4.19 kg/m2 while for patients without CVD, mean BMI was 27.46±3.98 kg/m2. About 63.2% of the males (n=87) had some cardiovascular comorbidity as compared to 38.5% of females (n=13). The prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities in subjects with COPD was 60% in the present study. This was significantly higher in patients with COPD as compared to the reported prevalence value in the general population of comparable age group. The prevalence of associated cardiovascular abnormality in COPD patients with increased PCV (Packed cell volume), leukocytosis, and neutrophilia are 56.3%, 65%, and 60%, respectively. The most common cardiovascular comorbidity in subjects with COPD was ischemic heart disease (21%), followed by heart failure (20%), stroke (5%), arrhythmias (3%), and LVH (3%).
SPECTRUM OF CT FINDINGS IN CLINICALLY SUSPECTED CASES OF MUCORMYCOSIS – A STUDY AT TERTIARY HEALTH-CARE CENTER (RAJINDRA HOSPITAL PATIALA) DURING SECOND WAVE OF COVID PANDEMIC
Authors: KUMARI AMITA , BHATNAGAR SIMMI , GUPTA ISHITA , YADAV VISHAV , MANPREET
Published: May 2022

Objective: Rhinocereberal mucormycosis is an acute, fulminant, and often lethal opportunistic infection typically affecting diabetic or immunocompromised patients. Early diagnosis is vital in these infections because delay in initiation of the treatment can be life-threatening. Computed tomography (CT) with axial and coronal sections is a highly accurate and non-invasive modality to accurately image sinonasal mycosis. The aim of the study was to describe the imaging findings in suspected cases of mucormycosis on CT.
Methods: This study was conducted in Radiodiagnosis Department of Rajindra Hospital, Patiala. The data of 22 patients who were referred for CT with a clinical suspicion of mucormycosis were collected and all these patients were followed up to know about the prognosis of the disease.
Results: In our study, there were 54.60% females and 45.40% males. Maximum number of patients (45.45%) belonged to 40–49 year age group. Diabetes mellitus was found to be the most commonly (90.90%) found comorbidity followed by hypertension (36.36%). In our study, involvement of unilateral nasal cavity was observed in 36.36% cases. Among the paranasal sinuses, maxillary and ethmoid sinuses were the most commonly involved in 95.45% and 77.27% cases.
Conclusion: Prompt diagnosis and treatment of rhino-orbital mucormycosis are the sine qua non as antifungal drugs and surgical debridement can successfully control the infection and thus reduce the high mortality and morbidity associated with mucormycosis.
STUDY OF ASSOCIATION OF INFLAMMATORY MARKERS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME IN PREDIABETIC PATIENTS AT TERTIARY CARE CENTER OF RAJASTHAN, INDIA
Authors: SHARMA RITU , KANWAR GULAB , MANGUKIYA KETAN , PRAKASH SHARMA CHANDRA
Published: May 2022

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The preferred clinical approach to cardiovascular prevention is to treat all the metabolic risk factors.
Objective: The objectives is study of acute-phase reactants in MS patients.
Methods: This study was conducted on 250 subjects and controls at Government Medical College and Associated Group of Hospitals Kota, Rajasthan from October 2019 to September 2021. The study group had 125 MS cases and an equal number of healthy controls. Demographic characteristic of all participants noted including age, sex, weight, and height.
Results: We observed a significant rise in blood glucose, total cholesterol, S. triglyceride, S. low-density lipoprotein (LDL). S. Very LDL S. C-reactive protein (CRP), and ferritin level in MS cases when compared to control subjects, while serum high-density lipoprotein level found to be decreased in MS patients as compared to control group.
Conclusion: In this study, both CRP and ferritin level are increased as the number of components of MS increased. Therefore, these inflammation parameters could accurately and timely discriminate patients with MS, according to IDF criteria, who are at increased risk for future cardiovascular events. There was a significant correlation between inflammation and the diabetic complications.
TO ESTIMATE THE LEVELS OF CA19-9 AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF PANCREATICOBILIARY AND GASTROINTESTINAL MALIGNANCIES
Authors: MITTAL DEEPANSHI , SINGH JASVIR , KAUR MANINDER , KUMAR ASHWANI , KAUR ANJLEEN
Published: May 2022

Objective: This study was designed and conducted to establish the relationship of biomarker CA19-9 levels in pancreaticobiliary and gastrointestinal malignancies.
Methods: 50 patients with confirmed diagnosis of pancreaticobiliary and gastrointestinal malignancies and 30 age and gender matched controls were included in the study. Serum values of CA19-9 were determined in patients before surgery and chemotherapy.
Results: In our present study, maximum number of patients were in the age group of 51–60 years. Mean levels of serum CA19-9 in patients (n=50) are 146.28±156.87 U/mL. Total patients (n=50), in 19 patients CA19-9 levels were ≤37 U/mL and in 31 patients CA19-9 levels were >37 U/mL. CA19-9 levels were highest in pancreatic and cholangiocarcinoma.
Conclusion: High sensitivity and specificity of CA19-9 in pancreatic and biliary tract tumors identified CA19-9 as a best validated biomarker.