bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Outpatient Augmented CBT Treatment Approach for College Athletes with Bulimia Spectrum Eating Disorders
Authors:   , Wons Olivia Brooke , Juarascio Adrienne S.
Published: November 2024

Eating disorders (EDs) are often more common in college athletes than non-athletes. College athletes with EDs tend to demonstrate distinctive symptom presentations and maintenance factors specific to athletes, raising unique challenges to treating college athletes compared to non-athletes with EDs. Current outpatient ED treatments do not directly target athlete specific symptom presentations and maintenance factors, which may explain suboptimal treatment outcomes for athletes with EDs. Extant literature suggests college athletes with EDs may be best treated via outpatient interventions that directly target athlete-specific ED symptom presentations and maintenance factors. The current pilot study (N=5) aimed to test the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary estimates of efficacy of a 12-week Cognitive Behavioral Therapy - Guided Self-Help (CBT-GSH) treatment for bulimia nervosa where the guided portion was augmented to include an 8-session treatment protocol designed and tailored to target athlete-specific ED symptom presentations and maintenance factors in college athletes with bulimia spectrum EDs. The intervention demonstrated feasibility, with 80% of participants completing the treatment. It was also considered acceptable, with 100% of participants reporting the treatment was adequately credible and 100% of treatment completers reporting adequate satisfaction with the intervention. There were medium to large improvements (r>.30) in the overwhelming majority of subscale and total scores used to measure changes in athlete specific symptom presentations and maintenance factors, including maladaptive attitudes and behaviors towards training, excessive use of the athlete identity to determine self-worth, muscle dysmorphia, body image disturbances emphasizing leanness and muscularity in sport and daily life contexts, and problematic weight pressures form the sport environment. There were large improvements (r>.50) in clinical ED symptoms, including binge eating frequency, maladaptive exercise frequency, dietary restraint severity, and eating and body image concerns. Overall, the pilot study suggests that an outpatient augmented CBT-GSH intervention designed to target athlete-specific ED symptom presentations and maintenance factors is feasible, acceptable, and efficacious for treating college athletes with bulimia spectrum EDs. Further research is needed to replicate the current study's findings in a larger, more representative sample and to compare the current treatment to existing standard treatments.
Utility of capsule endoscopy in gastroenterology practice: A single-center experience
Authors: Buldukoğlu Osman Çağın , Atar Galip Egemen , Akça Serdar , Harmandar Ferda , Öcal Serkan , Çekin Ayhan Hilmi
Published: November 2024

Background and Aims: Capsule endoscopy is an easy and a non-invasive diagnostic tool used in evaluation of gastrointestinal tract. Despite being a valuable diagnostic method, widespread use has not been established in Türkiye. With this study, we aimed to report our single-center experience with capsule endoscopy in order to both reveal our data and utility of capsule endoscopy in gastroenterology practice. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Antalya Training and Research Hospital. Patients evaluated by capsule endoscopy between 2018 and 2024 were included in the study. Results: Thirty one patients were included in the study. Most common indications were overt bleeding with suspicion of small bowel bleeding and iron deficiency anemia. Angiodysplasias were the most common finding in both overt bleeding with suspicion of small bowel bleeding and iron deficiency anemia groups (n = 3, 33% for both indications). Ulcers in small intestine were the most common finding in patients with abdominal pain (n = 5, 62%). All of the four patients with Crohn’s disease evaluated for disease activity had ulcers in small intestine. Out of 31 patients enrolled in the study, capsule endoscopy did not reveal an underlying condition related to clinical indication in 8 patients (26%). Conclusion: Capsule endoscopy is a valuable tool in evaluating gastrointestinal disorders ranging from obscure bleeding to inflammatory bowel diseases. Accessibility of capsule endoscopy devices and training of gastroenterologists will help the healthcare team with diagnostic challenges in gastroenterology practice.
Risk factors of asparaginase-associated pancreatitis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Raziul Abu Haider Mohammad , Jamal Chowdhury Yakub , Yesmin Nafisa , Mahmud Niaz , Sultana Nazneen
Published: November 2024

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the top childhood cancer, with survival rates of 80–85%. Attention now focuses on treatment complications. Pancreatitis, linked to Asparaginase in ALL therapy, remains poorly understood despite its recognition. The main objective of the study was to identify the risk factors of pancreatitis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia receiving L-Asparaginase during induction chemotherapy.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at BSMMU's Paediatric Haematology and Oncology Department from March 2018 to February 2019. Newly diagnosed ALL cases in children aged 1 to 17.9 years were included, excluding those <1 or >18 years, with prior pancreatitis, or relapsed cases. Informed consent was obtained from parents/legal guardians. Diagnosis relied on clinical, CBC, bone marrow and immunophenotyping. Induction chemotherapy followed the UK ALL 2003 protocol for 35 days, with regular follow-ups monitoring abdominal symptoms and laboratory markers. USG of the abdomen was performed if pancreatitis symptoms or elevated serum amylase/lipase occurred post-L-asparaginase administration.
Results: Among 80 patients, pancreatitis affected 3 (3.8%) after the 2nd, 3rd and 7th doses of L-asparaginase, independent of individual or cumulative dosing, induction phase or concomitant medications. Age, sex, initial WBC count, ALL lineage, treatment regimen and CNS status were not statistically linked to pancreatitis incidence. Clinical manifestations included abdominal pain, tenderness, nausea, vomiting and fever, alongside elevated serum amylase and lipase levels, supported by consistent ultrasonographic findings. Despite these symptoms, no pancreatitis-related mortalities were observed, however, overall mortality during induction therapy reached 20%, unrelated to pancreatic complications.
Conclusions: In this study no significant risk factor could be identified for developing pancreatitis in ALL patients treated with asparaginase. Further studies with large sample size are required to predict who will develop pancreatic toxicity from asparaginase.
Risk factors and outcomes in paediatric acute febrile encephalopathy: a cross-sectional study from a tertiary care centre in North India
Authors: Tsomu Sonam , Lajeo Kaikho
Published: November 2024

Background: Acute Febrile Encephalopathy (AFE) is a frequent cause of emergency admissions in children, particularly in India, where it poses a significant public health challenge due to high morbidity and mortality rates. This study aims to bridge some of these gaps by analyzing the clinical features, incidence, and mortality-associated risk factors in pediatric AFE cases in a hospital-based setting in North India.
Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted over one year (January 2020 to December 2020) in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Indira Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Shimla. The study included all pediatric patients aged 1 to 18 years admitted to the PICU with clinical evidence of AFE, fulfilling specific inclusion criteria. Data were collected on patient demographics, clinical presentation, and relevant investigations. Key risk factors, such as shock, need for ventilatory support, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores, and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS), were assessed for their association with mortality.
Results: Out of 2,832 pediatric admissions, 550 children were admitted to the PICU, and 69 met the inclusion criteria for AFE, resulting in an AFE incidence of 12.5% in the PICU and 2.4% of total hospital admissions. The study observed a slight male preponderance (56.5% male, 43.4% female) and found that the most affected age group was 10 to 18 years (43%). The overall mortality rate among AFE patients was 26%, contributing to 13.7% of the total PICU mortality. Significant risk factors associated with mortality included late hospital presentation (mortality rate of 50% in patients presenting after 7 days of symptom onset), ventilatory support (69.6% mortality), shock (44.4% mortality), MODS (47.6% mortality), Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) (100% mortality), and GCS <8 (56.5% mortality).
Conclusion: AFE remains a significant contributor to pediatric morbidity and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. The study identifies key risk factors such as shock, ventilatory support, DIC, MODS, and low GCS, which are strongly associated with increased mortality. Early recognition and timely intervention are critical to improving outcomes.
Study of clinical profile and outcome of viral hepatitis in children with reference to liver function test during covid pandemic admitted at tertiary care hospital
Authors: Patel Pathik U. , Shah Chirag D. , B. Abhishek M.
Published: November 2024

Background: Viral hepatitis is major health problem in both developing and developed country affecting millions of children worldwide. Viral hepatitis defined as inflammation of liver due to hepatotropic and/or non-hepatotropic viruses. Extent of disease vary from acute to chronic which ranges from asymptomatic to fatal acute and on other side from subclinical persistent to rapid progressive chronic disease. Aim of study was proportion and etiology with clinical profile and outcome relation to liver function test (LFT).
Methods: This is retrospective observation study done at civil hospital, Ahmedabad during June 2019 to May 2021 during covid era in admitted patients from age of 6 month to 12 year diagnosed as viral hepatitis. Data collected from medical records and investigation from laboratory data.
Results: In my study, Viral hepatitis was m/c seen in age group of 5 to 10 year in lower socioeconomic class with most common hepatotropic virus was hepatitis A (51.79%) and non-hepatotropic virus was dengue virus (17.86%). Most common presenting complain was fever (93.75%) and sign was jaundice (87.5%). Altered liver function seen in 96.57% patients. Outcome with 4.46% death due to covid19 virus.
Conclusions: In my study during covid19 pandemic, still most common cause for viral hepatitis was hepatotropic virus–HEPATITIS A in admitted patients at tertiary care hospital. But case fatality rate was noted highest in COVID-19 virus among total death.
Clinical and bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis among children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Akbar Romana , Roy Ranjit Ranjan , Sharmim Shanjida , Ali M. Asif
Published: November 2024

Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is a serious complication of childhood nephrotic syndrome (NS). A precise knowledge of organism causing peritonitis is important primarily to treat infection and decrease morbidity, prevent antibiotic resistance and finally to reduce mortality. Objectives were to observe the clinical and bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of peritonitis in childhood NS.
Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in pediatric nephrology department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib medical university (BSMMU). The 44 diagnosed patient of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis among childhood idiopathic NS were enrolled as cases. The peritoneal fluid was obtained following standard procedure and examined for gross appearance, cytogical and biochemical analysis, microscopic examination with gram stain and peritoneal fluid culture along with antibiotic sensitivity.
Results: All patients had complaints of abdominal pain followed by fever, vomiting, lethargy and anorexia. All cases had edema and ascites followed by abdominal tenderness, abdominal wall rigidity, rebound tenderness and cellulitis in areas other than abdominal wall. Peritoneal fluid showed neutrophilic pleocytosis and exudative fluid. We observed 27.27% gram + cocci, 6.82% gram-bacilli in gram stain examination. Here, only 6.9% cases showed positive growth including 2.3% E. coli, 2.3% Pseudomonas, 2.3% Acinetobacter and remaining 93.1% cases showed no growth. We also described the antibiotic sensitivity pattern in this study.
Conclusions: In our study, patients predominantly had abdominal pain, fever, edema, ascites and abdominal tenderness. We found only 6.9% cases showed positive growth which included E. coli, Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter and demonstrated the antibiotic sensitivity and resistance pattern for these organisms.
Clinico-etiological profile of seizures in the pediatric age group
Authors: Sharma Keshav , Rathoria Ekansh , Srivastava Mridula , Singh Saurabh Kumar , Bansal Utkarsh , Singh Srishti , Rathoria Richa
Published: November 2024

Background: The etiologies of pediatric seizures are multifaceted, involving infections, structural brain abnormalities, or genetic factors. The objective of this study was to find the clinico-etiological profile of seizures in children and to estimate the association of different seizure etiology with demographic factors
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted over 18 months on 400 children aged between 1 month and 18 years presenting with their first episode of seizures at Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Sitapur. Data was collected on predesigned Performa which included history, clinical examination, and laboratory investigations. The data was analyzed using SPSS-22 software. A p-value<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The mean age of children was 5.51 (4.43) years. The majority of children were from the age group 3-6 years (164, 41%). Males were 242 (60.5%). Most were birth order >3 (153, 38.2%). Most were from joint families (259, 64.8%), from rural livelihood (349, 87.3%), and from lower socioeconomic status (134, 33.5%). Family history of seizures was positive in 78 (19.5%). Generalized tonic-clonic seizures were the most common type (159, 39.8%). The leading causes of seizures were febrile seizures (153, 38.2%), and CNS infections like meningitis (97, 24.2%). Fever was the most common symptom (282, 70.5%). A significant association of etiology of seizures was seen with lower age groups, lower socioeconomic status, rural livelihood, and positive family history.
Conclusions: Seizures are common in <6 years of age with male preponderance and febrile seizure is the most common cause. Most of these seizures are generalized in nature.
Efficacy of exclusive human milk diet in preterm infants weighing ≤1500 g: a single-center COHORT study
Authors: Pulokkodan Ismail , Hariram Maralakunte R. , Anup Pushpanjali , Duraiswamy Venkatesh S.
Published: November 2024

Background: Preterm infants have high nutrition needs for growth and survival as they are at high risk of mortality and morbidity. An exclusive human milk diet (EHMD) that comprises human milk (HM) either expressed breast milk (EBM) or pasteurized donor human milk (PDHM), fortified with a 100% human milk-based fortifier (HMBF) could provide with safe nutritional strategy in preterm infants.
Methods: This single-center, prospective cohort study included a cohort of 25 preterm infants ≤34 weeks of gestation weighing ≤1500 g at birth who were fed with EHMD when the feed volume reached 100 ml/kg/day until the infant was fit for discharge.
Results: Of the 25 infants enrolled in the study the mean gestational age was 29.6±1.6 weeks and birth weight was 1171±230.7 g. The mean weight gain was 25.5±5.5 g/day and the mean growth velocity was 17.8±3.4 g/kg/day. Feeding intolerance was observed in 4 infants (16%), the average days to reach full feeds was 12.4±4.9 days and there was no necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) observed.
Conclusions: EHMD was well tolerated by the infants with better weight gain. These findings demonstrate that EHMD is a safe and effective nutritional strategy in the management of preterm infants. However, a large RCT (randomized clinical trial) is required to evaluate the efficacy of EHMD.
Extreme essential thrombocytosis in a healthy asymptomatic 6-month-old child
Authors: Harbi Faraj A. , Bhat Altaf A. , Alsultan Murtada H.
Published: November 2024

In healthy child essential thrombocytosis is always an incidental finding during routine check. Essential thrombocytosis (primary thrombocythemia) is a non-reactive, chronic myeloproliferative disorder in which sustained megakaryocyte proliferation leads to an increase in the number of circulating platelets, on the other hand reactive or secondary thrombocytosis is the more common form, with infectious diseases being the most common cause. Mutations in Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), calreticulin (CALR), or myeloproliferative leukemia (MPL) are found in approximately 90% of patients with essential thrombocytosis. We describe a case of extreme thrombocytosis in a healthy 6-month child. She required admission for workup (maximum number of platelets 1900,000/mm3). With this case, we reviewed the different causes of thrombocytosis in childhood, differential diagnosis, World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for diagnosis of essential thrombocytosis, and the available treatments in case of extreme thrombocytosis.
Histological variation of natal and primary teeth: a mini-review with a case report
Authors: Kaushik Noopur , Srivastava Nikhil , Rana Vivek , Gautam Kanishka
Published: November 2024

Many changes occur during a child's growth from conception to his or her early years of life. Tooth eruption has a chronology that corresponds to the date the tooth emerges into the mouth cavity. These dates have been established in the literature and are vulnerable to minor variations based on genetic, endocrine, and environmental variables. However, the timing of tooth eruption can vary significantly, with the first teeth appearing at birth or throughout the first month of life. The objective of the present study was to present a review with a case report on important aspects of natal and neonatal teeth.
Management of hemifacial microsoma with ear tags: a case report and three years follow-up
Authors: K. Pawan Kumar , N. Harshitha , Ahamed Syed Moqthadeer
Published: November 2024

Hemifacial microsomia is a congenital disorder characterized by asymmetric facial development, affecting the ear, eye, and facial nerves. The etiology is multifactorial, involving genetic and environmental factors. Clinical manifestations can range from mild facial asymmetry to severe craniofacial deformities, often requiring multidisciplinary intervention. Physical examination for facial asymmetry and ear abnormalities. Imaging studies (CT, MRI) to assess craniofacial structures. Detailed medical history to identify any familial patterns or associated syndromes. This case underscores the importance of approach in managing Hemifacial microsomia. Multidisciplinary Long-term follow-up and staged surgical interventions are crucial for achieving optimal functional and aesthetic outcomes. Further research is needed to refine treatment protocols and improve patient quality of life.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism as a potential risk factor of congenital heart disease: insights from a tertiary pediatric cardiac care centre from North India
Authors: Ahamad Shadab , Kukshal Prachi , Kumar Ajay , Chellappan Subramanian , Sathe Yogesh , Murthy Prabhatha Rashmi
Published: November 2024

Background: Our study aims to elucidate the genetic influence of angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion (ACE I/D) polymorphism on congenital heart disease (CHD) in a north Indian cohort.
Methods: 667 CHD cases, including 433 individuals with parental data and 104 controls were enrolled and genotyped by polymerase chain reaction. Case-control association, parental transmission test, and association of patients' and parents' clinical parameters with ACE I/D were explored.
Results: Our findings highlight significant associations, notably the increased CHD risk conferred by the DD genotype in females (p=0.036; OR=1.68), its correlation with abnormal hemoglobin levels (p=0.049; OR=1.68), and its impact on primigravida (p=0.05). Conversely, the II genotype was found to significantly elevate the risk of CHD in offspring of tobacco-consuming fathers by 2.5-fold (p=0.029). Notably, cyanotic cases exhibited a heightened prevalence of ACE I/D mutations (p=0.059), with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) showing the strongest association (p=0.024). Additionally, the DD genotype's involvement in conditions such as stenosis (p=0.026) and pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) (p=0.05) underscores its clinical relevance. The parent of origin test showed maternal transmission of the D allele in combined (p=0.037) and acyanotic cases (p=0.039) and paternal transmission in ventricular septal defect (p=0.021).
Conclusions: This is the first study from India and possibly the only study globally that reports a significant association between ACE I/D and CHD, highlighting the importance of genetic factors in CHD susceptibility.
Ensuring the safety of healthcare professionals: A review of current challenges and legal frameworks in India
Authors: Mahani Anmol , Zadu Rudranath
Published: November 2024

Healthcare professionals, particularly doctors, face significant safety challenges in India. Workplace violence, harassment, inadequate infrastructure, and the absence of appropriate legal protections worsen their vulnerability, especially during night shifts. Recent incidents of violence have drawn attention to the urgent need for reforms to ensure their safety. This review aims to critically evaluate the current safety concerns for doctors in India, analyse the effectiveness of the existing legal frameworks, particularly the newer BNS (Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita) and BNSS (Bhartiya Nyaya Suraksha Sanhita) systems, and propose practical strategies for improving workplace safety, focusing on night shifts and high-risk environments.This review article synthesises data from multiple sources, including published surveys, legal reports, and recent studies on workplace safety for healthcare professionals in India. The literature review focused on legal frameworks, hospital infrastructure, and psychosocial impacts affecting doctors. Inclusion criteria for the review included studies and reports on workplace safety, particularly those relevant to night shifts, emergency departments, and rural healthcare settings. Exclusion criteria included articles not directly addressing the safety concerns of healthcare professionals or those focused exclusively on non-clinical staff. The review revealed that over one-third of Indian doctors' report feeling unsafe during night shifts, with female doctors and junior staff particularly vulnerable. Key factors influencing perceptions of safety included inadequate security, lack of duty rooms, and insufficient legal enforcement under the Central Protection Act. The implementation of the BNS and BNSS systems is promising, but enforcement stays inconsistent across regions. Psychosocial impacts, including anxiety and burnout, were common, leading to lower job satisfaction and compromised care quality.

Addressing the safety concerns of doctors in India requires a comprehensive approach, including stronger enforcement of legal protections under the BNS and BNSS systems, improved hospital infrastructure, and targeted psychosocial support. Future reforms should prioritise the establishment of secure environments and more robust legal accountability to mitigate workplace violence.
Role of air quality index in maintaining ecological sustainability in areas affected by low air quality
Authors: Dubey Shivam
Published: November 2024

In the current scenario, numerous ecological and biological imbalances have arisen because of poor air quality. The primary driver of air contamination is supposed to be businesses and autos. The air quality is getting worse in the areas, which have a shorter life expectancy and a significant threat to the existing biodiversity. Air contamination is currently completely recognized to be a critical general medical condition, liable for a developing scope of well-being impacts that are proven and factual from the consequences of a broad examination exertion led in numerous locales of the world.
Examination protocol of dismembered bodies in railway track: A suggestive review in the Indian railways backdrop
Authors: Kumaran Moorthi , Mukesh Ramadoss , Chavali Krishnadutt
Published: November 2024

Railway-related fatalities often involve dismembered bodies, which pose unique forensic challenges. There is the need for standardized examination procedures, especially in India, where about 30% of bodies in railway track are unidentified. Distinguishing accidental trauma from criminal dismemberment requires sophisticated forensic expertise. The protocol emphasizes a systematic approach, including scene investigation, body part documentation, and post-mortem examination. Key aspects include proper handling of multiple body parts, assessment of postmortem intervals, and precise injury documentation. Ancillary investigations, such as radiological examination including PMCT and Micro CT, histological sampling, object or tool mark analysis and entomological analysis are to be used to meet the secondary objectives of autopsy. The review aims to standardize investigation procedures, improve forensic reporting accuracy, and enhance the quality of railway-related death investigations.
A case of sudden natural death in custody: Medico-legal perplexity in determining the manner of death
Authors: Sathish K , Chaudhari Vinod Ashok , Sathish A
Published: November 2024

Death arising during police custody or in prison always raises suspicion and creates public rage regarding the cause and particularly the manner of death. On the contrary, in most instances, the manner of death is natural as reported in many literature and the role of an autopsy surgeon is vital in determining the same. Among the natural causes of death during custody cardiac causes contribute the majority of fatality. Here we present a 42-year-old male prisoner who was brought dead to the casualty with history of sudden onset of breathlessness and giddiness. On autopsy, there were no signs of injuries both externally and internally. In the heart right coronary artery showed near complete occlusion 2 cm from its origin, left anterior descending, and left circumflex artery showed 60% and 80% occlusion respectively. The walls of the coronaries, and aorta showed deposition of calcified and ulcerated atheromatous plaques (Grade VI atherosclerosis). Histopathology showed evidence of atherosclerosis by deposition of calcified fibroatheromatous plaques and multiple vessels showed critical narrowing. Chemical analysis of viscera was turned negative. The final opinion to the cause of death was acute myocardial infarction (sudden natural death). This case report emphasizes the need for a complete and meticulous forensic autopsy which aids in solving the grievances of the deceased’s family on the cause and manner of death and also aids in the legal standing of the country.
Framing in media and communication studies: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Song Qijun
Published: November 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of framing and frame theory in media and communication studies, utilizing Web of Science (WOS) data from 2014 to 2023. Framing, as a critical concept in media discourse, shapes public perception by highlighting specific aspects of information while downplaying others. Despite its central role in political communication, news framing, and social media research, there is a notable gap in better incorporating linguistic perspectives, particularly metaphor framing, within the existing literature. Using VOSviewer, this study analyzes co-occurrence networks and thematic clusters to map the evolving landscape of framing research. The results reveal key areas of focus, including political communication, science communication, and identity politics on social media platforms, while also highlighting the underrepresentation of linguistic approaches. This analysis not only identifies influential authors and institutions but also underscores the need for further integrating cognitive linguistic theories, such as metaphor framing, to deepen our understanding of how media discourse constructs reality. The paper concludes by suggesting directions for future research, calling for more interdisciplinary studies to explore the complex mechanisms underlying media framing.
A Review on Performance and Exhaust Emission Measurements of Methanol Fuel Blend in SI Engines
Authors: Deshpande Ravindra S. , Ingle Prashant , Kadam P. G. , Gadekar H. U. , Diwate Ajay D. , Katikar Rajendra , Thipse S. S.
Published: November 2024

Global warming is mostly caused by the extensive use of conventional fuels, which release harmful gases into the atmosphere. It is therefore vital to develop renewable and sustainable fuels to fulfil worldwide energy demands while minimising environmental harm. Among the alternative fuels that have shown to be a viable fuel is Methanol (M). Emissions are decreased and performance significantly improves when M and its blends are utilised in Internal Combustion Engines (ICE). This article reviews and discusses M properties, its production process and varying M blends that affect performance and emissions from exhaust gases. The current paper focuses on Brake Power (BP), Brake Torque (BT), Vol Eff (Volumetric Efficiency), Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) and BTHE and their impact on exhaust pollutants including Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Hydrocarbon (HC), Oxide of Nitrogen (NOx), and Carbon Monoxide (CO) which are currently a major concern. The pros and cons of using M as fuel for Spark Ignition (SI) engines are also covered in this article. Increased methanol fuel contains a blend that leads to improvements in the Vol. Eff, Cylinder Gas Pressure (CGP) and HRR. The percentage ratio of methanol fuel in a blend increases the Compression Ratio (CR) needed for ignition to occur.
Multi-Response Optimisation of Wear Behaviour of Epoxy Composites Reinforced with Metallic and Ceramic Particles Using Taguchi-Grey Method
Authors: Karle Anuja H. , Campli Srinidhi , Zinjurde Vidya , Tike Rishikesh , Gaikwad Vrushali , Kale Radha , Chougule Shubhangi , Gajbhiye Amar , Satpute Jitendra
Published: November 2024

In this work, a multi-response optimization technique has been used to optimize the process parameters considered while conducting the wear tests of fabricated particle-reinforced epoxy composites. The paper signifies the effect of CaSiO3 and WS2 particles reinforced epoxy composite’s performance at different filler wt.% (2 wt.% CaSiO3 and 1, 2.5, 4, 5.5 and 7 wt.% WS2), load (30-70 N), and sliding distance (400-2000 m) parameters that are considered while conducting friction and wear tests. Experiments were conducted on a pin-on-disc configuration using an L25 OA through Taguchi's design of experiment for a constant time of 15 min. The results showed that the inclusion of particles improved the material's friction and wear resistance. The optimal combination of parameters was obtained with Taguchi-GRA followed by determining the most influencing factor using the ANOVA tool. The ANOVA tool calculates the percentage contribution of the process parameters. The wear behaviour was optimized to achieve the lowest coefficient of friction and specific wear rate. At a sliding distance of 2000 m and 15 min testing duration, the combination of parameters that yields the best result is a filler content of 2 wt. % CaSiO3 and 5.5 wt. % WS2, along with a load of 70 N. The ANOVA results reveal that the load with a percentage contribution of 50.87% is the most significant parameter followed by filler content (15.63%) and sliding distance (13.55%). A confirmation test is carried out using the optimal control parameters to validate the experimental results. Additionally, the SEM was used to analyse the worn surfaces of epoxy composites. The SEM images reveal the adhesive and abrasive wear mechanism is most prevalent in the observed material.
Enhancement of Thermophysical Properties of SAE20W40 Using Low Concentration Nanoparticles
Authors: Shivashankar R. , Praveenkumara B. M. , Dushyanthkumar G. L. , Shrinivasa D. , Raksith Gowda D. S. , Shreyas M.
Published: November 2024

Engine oils are the lifeblood of any internal combustion engine, playing a crucial role in lubricating, cooling, and protecting its moving parts. They come in various formulations and viscosities, tailored to meet the specific needs of different engines. From enhancing performance to ensuring longevity, understanding engine oil types, properties, and functions is essential for maintaining a healthy and efficient engine. Given the high-strength properties of graphene-based nanoparticles, this study compares and analyzes the thermophysical performance of the commonly used SAE20W40 oil in automobile engines with Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO) and Carboxyl Graphene (CG) mono and hybrid nanoparticles of 0.001% and 0.005%, respectively. This study aims to enhance the thermophysical properties of the SAE 20W40 oil and improve engine performance and the oil's life span.
Hemodynamic Effects of Viperidae and Elapidae Snake Bites: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Javier Mohamad , Arifin Andika Prasetyo , Ananda I. Gede Yogi Prema , Pratiwi Widya , Ilmansyah Rafi , Abdurrachman Muhammad Rafi , Caecarma Georaldhy Yussufy , Aflah Livaldi Naufal
Published: November 2024

Snakebite is a health issue frequently overlooked in tropical and subtropical countries. Despite snake bites from the families of Viperidae and Elapidae have been reported, there is limited information on the range of clinical manifestations on hemodynamics in adults. This study aims to describe the clinical manifestations of hemodynamic disorders in adults due to snake bites from the Viperidae and Elapidae families. The data for the literature review on hemodynamic disorders caused by Viperidae and Elapidae snake bites in adults was collected through a systematic search on Sciencedirect and PubMed from 2018 to 2023, along with manual searches on Google Scholar. This literature review was conducted using a systematic search on ScienceDirect and PubMed from 2018 to 2023 and a manual search on Google Scholar. The findings were 21,431 snakebite cases from 47 published research studies successfully acquired in this study. There are 36% of coagulopathy cases worldwide, 2% of internal bleeding cases, 25% of arrhythmia cases, and 21% of cardiomyopathy cases. The majority of the cases (70%) were Viperidae bite cases, with some (20%) being Viperidae and Elapidae bite cases and a tiny number (10%) being Elapidae bite cases. The study underscores the importance of a comprehensive approach to snakebite management based on a thorough understanding of the hemodynamic effects induced by these snake families.
A Study on the Effects of Glyphosate Toxicity on the Behaviour, Haematology, and Histopathology of Stinging Catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch), of Assam, India
Authors: Borah Kabyashree , Bordoloi Ujjal , Borah Manash Pratim , Saikia Dibya Jyoti
Published: November 2024

A variety of agrochemicals, such as the herbicide glyphosate N-(phosphonomethyl)-glycine, can adversely affect fish. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of glyphosate on the behavioural, haematological, and histological parameters of Heteropneustes fossilis, a stinging catfish. The fish displayed abnormal behaviours during exposure, including increased movement of gill covers, jumping, breathing air, difficulty in movement, and changes in skin colour. The results were statistically significant (p< 0.05) and histological examination revealed enlargement of hepatocytes with pyknotic nuclei, extensive damage to the chloride cells as well as hypertrophy and fusion of secondary lamellae of gill. There was prominent deterioration to the columnar epithelial cells of the intestines, vacuolation and rupture into the lamina propria’s connective tissue, as well as the brush border epithelium’s elimination in contrast to the control. Therefore, it was suggested that the farmer should use a concentration that is suitable and won’t harm non target organisms. As an alternative, the biological way of controlling weeds needs to be preferred over the chemical method.
Philosophical crossroads: exploring the convergences and tensions between scientific materialism and Monistic thought of Eastern philosophies
Authors: Nguyen Dung Thanh
Published: November 2024

Scientific materialism and Eastern monistic ideologies have a complicated relationship, as this study shows. While typically seen as incompatible, these worldviews share surprising similarities and moments of convergence. Both views are used to examine consciousness, reality, and mind-matter connections. Based on seminal works in scientific materialism, quantum physics, and Eastern philosophical traditions like Advaita Vedanta and Buddhism, this study examines how recent advances in quantum mechanics and neuroscience have led some researchers to reconsider materialist paradigms, potentially bridging gaps with non-dualistic Eastern concepts. Our research shows that while ontological gaps remain, both theories seek to grasp ultimate reality and human experience. We believe that a sophisticated interaction between these traditions can deepen scientific and philosophical discourse and lead to more complete conceptions of consciousness and reality. The paper finishes by proposing a paradigm for future interdisciplinary research that could combine Western scientific materialism and Eastern monistic thinking to better comprehend existence and consciousness.
Od laboratorium do kliniki: eksperymentalne modele zwierzęce w badaniach nad udarem niedokrwiennym mózgu
Authors: Piątek Sylwia , Milewska Palina , Ziemlińska Ewelina , Malik Anna
Published: November 2024

Stroke is a devastating cardiovascular disease with a high mortality rate, leading to a significant reduction in quality of life and life expectancy. Due to the complexity of the pathophysiological processes following stroke in humans, the use of animal models of stroke, in particular rodent models, is essential for the development of treatments for patients. Transient or permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) and photothrombotic models are the most commonly used to simulate ischemic stroke and are discussed in this review in detail. Furthermore, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the inflammatory and regenerative responses to stroke, executed mainly by glial cells but also by macrophages infiltrating the post-ischemic brain. Understanding the advantages and disadvantages of different animal models is the basis for their further refinement, allowing for better simulation of post-stroke events and the development of new therapeutic approaches for cerebral ischemia in humans.
25 lat pasji: Historia Koła Naukowego Studentów Biotechnologii „Operon”
Authors: Perła-Kaján Joanna , Łowczynowska Katarzyna , Szychulska Alicja , Paś Jakub
Published: November 2024

25 lat pasji: Historia Koła Naukowego Studentów Biotechnologii „Operon”
Mixed dynamics: elements of theory and examples
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Gonchenko Sergey , Gonchenko Aleksandr ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Kazakov Alexey ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Samylina Eugenia ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
Published: November 2024

The main goal of the paper is to present recent results obtained in the mathematical theory of dynamical chaos and related to the discovery of its new, third, form, the so-called mixed dynamics. This type of chaos is very different from its two classical forms, conservative and dissipative chaos, and its main difference is that attractors and repellers can intersect without coinciding.

The main results of the paper are related to construction of theoretical schemes aimed to mathematical justification of this phenomenon using the most general methods of topological dynamics. The paper also provides a number of examples of systems from applications in which mixed dynamics is observed. It is shown that such dynamics can be of different types, from close to conservative to strongly dissipative, and also that it can arise as a result of various bifurcation mechanisms.
New additives to active masses and electrolyte of sealed lead storage battery
Authors:   Scientific and Technological Center of JSC Elektrotyaga, Kamenev Y. B. , Chunts N. I. ,   Scientific and Technological Center of JSC Elektrotyaga, Kiselevich A. V. ,   Scientific and Technological Center of JSC Elektrotyaga, Leonov V. N. ,   Scientific and Technological Center of JSC Elektrotyaga
Published: November 2024

Effect of high-collated carbon clusters (soots containing fullerenes and nanopipes) on electrode pastes structure have been studied and their positive effect on characteristics of the obtained active masses has been shown. Effect of partial hydrophobization of negative active mass (NAM) on efficiency of the closed oxygen cycle has been studied. Effect of different additives (С7H6O2, C8H8O2, (-CF3-CF25-)QZ) on ?H2 have been studied.
Calculation of capacity given by sealed nickel-cadmium accumulators at different discharging currents
Authors:   Institute of Services Industry and Businesses (branch) of DGTU, Galushkin D. N. , Galushkina I. A. ,   Novoshakhtinsk Branch of the Southern Federal University
Published: November 2024

It is has been shown that the generalized Peukert equation gives the best result when calculating the capacity given by sealed nickel-cadmium accumulators at different discharging currents.
Ramazan ayında oruç tutmanın acil servise başvuran diş hastalıkları hastaları üzerine etkisi
Authors: Telafarlı Mehmet Ali , Çelik Sinan
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Ramazan, İslami ay takviminin dokuzuncu ayında, Müslümanların gün doğumundan gün batımına kadar oruç tuttukları bir dönemdir. Bu dönemde yiyecek ve içeceklerden uzak durmak, ağız sağlığı üzerinde etkiler yaratabilir. Dünya genelinde yaygın olan periodontal hastalıklar ve diş çürükleri, özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde ciddi bir sorun teşkil eder. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Ramazan ayında oruç tutan bireylerde periodontal hastalıkların insidansını incelemek ve bu konuda literatüre katkı sağlamaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif çalışma, 2021 ve 2022 yıllarında travma dışı diş hastalıkları nedeniyle bir şehir hastanesinin acil servisine başvuran hastaları incelemiştir. Ramazan ayı boyunca yapılan diş hastalığı başvuruları, Ramazan dışındaki aylardaki başvurularla karşılaştırılmıştır. Veriler hasta dosyalarından elde edilip SPSS 26.0 programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Anlamlılık düzeyi p
Clinico-Pathological Evaluation of Critically Ailing Dogs with Special Reference to Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Neeladevi N. , Subapriya S. , Chandrasekar M. , Baranidharan G.R. , Thilagar M. Balagangadhara , Rao G. V. Sudhakar
Published: November 2024

Background: Thrombocytopenia is the decrease in the number of platelets in blood. In dogs, thrombocytopenia occurs due to a multitude of aetiologies such as haemoprotozoal infections, bacterial infections, viral infections, non-infectious etiologies such as immune dysregulation, neoplasia and even due to miscellaneous conditions. Diagnosis of thrombocytopenia is done mostly by estimation of platelet count in automated haematology analysers and by evaluation of platelet count in blood smears. As clinical research focusing exclusively on canine thrombocytopenia is very limited in India, the present study was carried out to study the aetiology of canine thrombocytopenia and to obtain extensive information regarding qualitative and quantitative changes in platelets in various emergency conditions of dogs. Methods: 450 dogs were diagnosed with thrombocytopenia based on platelet count and a detailed investigation was carried out on the thrombocytopenic dogs to identify the aetiologic agents and to record the quantitative and qualitative changes in platelets. Result: Population incidence of thrombocytopenia in critically ill dog population was recorded as 34.09 per cent. Haemoparasitic infection, renal disorders, hyperthermia and sepsis were recorded as the major causes of thrombocytopenia. Haematobiochemical investigation revealed a significant reduction (p less than 0.01) of hemoglobin, RBC and PCV values and elevation in blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and phosphorus. A mortality of 10.67% (48/450) was recorded in the thrombocytopenic dogs.
Comparing ICT-assisted take-and-give models with expository models in enhancing students’ logical thinking
Authors: Kurniyawati Shobiroh Ulfa , Fathonah Siti , Ramadhan Syahrul
Published: November 2024

This research aimed to compare the effectiveness of the ICT-assisted Take and Give learning model with the Expository model in enhancing students’ logical thinking skills in mathematics. The study addresses the challenges teachers face, including limited strategies and inadequate learning media, which hinder students' logical reasoning development. A quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent Control Group was used, involving 59 students sampled purposively from a population of 354 at MIN 1 Sleman. Data were collected using validated logical thinking tests and analyzed with an Independent Sample T-test. The results revealed a significant difference, with the Take and Give model showing a higher average score. This indicates that the ICT-assisted Take and Give approach is more effective than the Expository model in improving students’ logical thinking. This study contributes to educational research by highlighting the potential of ICT-supported interactive models to foster critical thinking in mathematics.
Keywords: Expository model; logical thinking; motivation; take and give model.
Building smart universities based on the Internet of Things and information technology service management
Authors: Abidin Munirul , Muslimin Imam , Utama Shoffin  Nahwa , Pradanimas Aqilla , ALI HAIRUDDIN BIN MOHD
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to explain whether academic community readiness, the Internet of Things, and Information Technology Service Management significantly affect university performance towards a smart university. This research also aimed to examine whether Information Technology Service Management mediates the relationship between academic community readiness and the Internet of Things with university performance towards a smart university. The study was conducted with a quantitative approach with a correlational type at several universities in Indonesia and Malaysia. The research sample consisted of 492 people, comprised of students, lecturers, and staff. Data were analyzed using the SmartPLS program version 3.2.9. The results showed that academic community readiness, the Internet of Things, and Information Technology Service Management significantly affect university performance towards a smart university. This study also found that exemplary Information Technology Service Management implementation can mediate the relationship between academic community readiness and IoT with university performance towards a smart university. This research explains the importance of tertiary institutions measuring the preparedness of their academic community to become an innovative community to support the success of the smart university program. This research suggests that the implementation of the Internet of Things and Information Technology Service Management is an essential and primary indicator in supporting the achievement of the smart university program.
Keywords: Community readiness; Internet of Things; smart campus; smart university; university performance.