bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A multi-compartment capacitated arc routing problem with intermediate facilities for solid waste collection using hybrid adaptive large neighborhood search and whale algorithm
Authors: Mofid-Nakhaee Elham , Barzinpour Farnaz
Published: October 2018

Municipal solid waste collection is an increasingly difficult task and has the highest operation cost in the solid waste management process; thus, finding the optimal routes for the waste collection is a most tactically significant decision that should be focused on due to the population growth. This research investigated the multi-compartment capacitated arc routing problem with intermediate facilities (MCCARPIF) in the context of solid waste collection. This problem has been researched rarely in the past in the real world. The MCCARPIF develops the capacitated arc routing problem (CARP) by considering both the multi-compartment vehicles and intermediate facilities together. In case of waste separation, the fleet of vehicles should have multiple parts to avoid mixing waste together. In developing countries, the process of separating the wastes is not carried out comprehensively, so this subject is almost new and research about it can improve their waste collection process. Due to the complexity of this model, two algorithms are developed to solve it: an adaptive large neighborhood search algorithm (ALNS) and the hybrid ALNS with whale optimization algorithm. Results showed that hybrid ALNS with whale optimization algorithm got higher quality solutions in comparison to ALNS. A real case study in one of the districts of Tehran municipality has been considered and the results obtained show that the use of multi-compartment vehicles is more cost-effective than the use of single-compartment vehicles, reducing the total distance traveled.
Policing in divided societies: Officer inclusion, citizen cooperation, and crime prevention
Authors: Nanes Matthew J.
Published: October 2018

How does demographic inclusion in domestic security institutions affect security provision in divided societies? Police officers rely on information from citizens to identify problems and allocate resources efficiently. Where conflict along identity lines erodes trust between citizens and the state, the police face difficulty obtaining information, hindering their ability to provide public safety. I argue that inclusiveness in the police rank-and-file addresses this problem by fostering cooperation from previously excluded segments of society. I test this argument in Israel and its conflict between the Jewish majority and non-Jewish minority. First, a survey of 804 Israeli citizens shows that non-Jews who perceive the police as more inclusive are more willing to provide the police with information. I then use original panel data on police officer demographics at every police station in Israel over a six year period to show that increases in police inclusiveness are associated with decreases in crime.
Research Productivity of Australian Planning Academics: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Pojani Dorina , Olvera-Garcia Jaime , Sipe Neil , Byrne Jason
Published: October 2018

The development of global metrics for evaluating university research performance has been accompanied by increasing attention to key performance metrics for individual disciplines. This paper examines research performance metrics for Australian planning academics. It addresses questions related to programs, staff, publications, and citations. The main findings are the following: Wide gender gaps exist in Australian planning academia; the mean number of publications is 36 per person, or 3 per person per year; the mean number of citations is 527 per person, or 48 per person per year; and planning journal impact factors are low (less than 3).
Learning One’s Place: Status Perceptions and Social Capital in Teacher Communities
Authors: Bridwell-Mitchell E. N. , Fried Simone A.
Published: October 2018

Teacher collaboration in communities is a popular instructional improvement policy. However, not all teachers are equally integrated into communities. So, they may not have the same opportunities to learn. This exploratory study of 215 urban public school teachers indicates community integration and peer learning are associated with teachers’ social status—namely, the perceived ranking of their own and their colleagues’ expertise. High status teachers are more frequently sought out, low status teachers less so. Teachers who perceive their own status more favorably than how their colleagues perceive it associate more with members of other communities. These same teachers report practices that are more similar to their peers. If this results from misperceptions of their own and their colleagues’ expertise, then status inconsistency may not only limit access to instructionl epertise but also mask the need for expertise.
The Champion Effect in Peer-to-Peer Giving: Successful Campaigns Highlight Fundraisers More Than Causes
Authors: Chapman Cassandra M. , Masser Barbara M. , Louis Winnifred R.
Published: October 2018

Online peer-to-peer giving is an emerging charity context that has rarely been investigated. Using a unique combination of survey and behavioral data from 1,647 online peer-to-peer fundraisers (whom we call “champions”), we tested empirically the influence of different best practices on fundraising success in this novel giving context. Across two samples, we found the fundraiser’s identification with the cause led them to engage in more best practice actions, which in turn led to greater fundraising success. However, not all actions were equally influential. Actions that made the champion salient—namely those relating to solicitation and those that signaled the fundraiser was highly invested in their campaign—were the strongest predictors of fundraising success, together explaining 28 times the variance accounted for by actions signaling charity efficacy. Thus, fundraisers will have more success by championing themselves than by promoting the charity in question: a finding with important applied and theoretical implications.
A Panel Discussion of James K. A. Smith’s Awaiting the King: Reforming Public Theology: Introduction: An Augustine for Our Time
Authors: Henreckson David P.
Published: October 2018

James K. A. Smith’s book Awaiting the King interrogates the religious nature of contemporary politics and the political nature of Christian practice, and in doing so draws Augustine out of the ivory tower to which many have confined him, putting the late-antique theologian into a conversation with a host of contemporary voices.
Challenges in the Appropriation of Augustine
Authors: Lee Gregory W.
Published: October 2018

James K. A. Smith’s Awaiting the King is the most effective popularization of Augustine’s political thought currently available, but its reliance on the work of Oliver O’Donovan obscures uncomfortable elements of Augustine’s thought, and it does not adequately address how the racial and socioeconomic composition of Christian communities is itself formative.
High-resolution environmental magnetic study of a Holocene sedimentary record from Zaca Lake, California
Authors: Platzman ES , Lund SP
Published: October 2018

Mineral magnetic studies of Holocene lake sediments recovered from Zaca Lake, in coastal southern California have yielded a 3000-year high-resolution record of terrestrial hydrologic variability and paleolimnology. Samples for magnetic analysis were obtained from an 8.73 m core recovered from the central region of Zaca Lake. Ages, constrained using a combined paleomagnetic and radiocarbon chronostratigraphy, yield sedimentation rates of 2–10 mm/yr with an average rate of 3 mm/yr over the 3000-year interval. Parameters reflecting decadal-scale variability in magnetic concentration (susceptibility, ARM, SIRM) and grain size (ARM/Chi) were measured every 2 cm. Additional rock magnetic tests on whole rock samples and magnetic separates indicate that magnetite and an iron sulfide are the chief magnetic carriers. Detailed analysis of the rock magnetic record reveals four major temporal intervals: 0–135 cm (~AD 2009–1757) the period of European settlement; 135–270 cm (~AD 1757–1275) the period of Native American, Chumash occupation of the watershed encompassing the bulk of the wet interval known as the little ice age (LIA); 270–600 cm (AD 1275–100) encompassing the drier Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA); and 600–875 cm (2000–3000 ybp) an era dominated by a long interval of low magnetic mineral intensity and concentration that has been interpreted as a time of epic drought. Beginning with the cessation of drought conditions at Zaca Lake around ~2000 ybp, the magnetic proxy record of rock magnetic cyclicity and hydrologic variability shows a pronounced decadal to centennial-scale periodicity. We interpret these periodicities as oscillations between summer-dominated sedimentary sequences, characterized by whiting events with their resulting carbonate deposits, and winter dominated sedimentary sequences, typified by sulfide-rich clastics, reflecting lacustrine overturn and enhanced advection of detrital flux during winter storm events. The long-term variation of summer versus winter-dominated weather patterns reflects the climate variability of central California coast-ranges.
Child-onset systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with a higher incidence of myopericardial manifestations compared to adult-onset disease
Authors: Chang J C , Xiao R , Mercer-Rosa L , Knight A M , Weiss P F
Published: October 2018

Objectives

There are no population-based estimates of the incidence or risk factors for acute cardiac manifestations in children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) to guide screening and diagnostic imaging practices. We estimated the incidence and prevalence of acute cardiac manifestations of child-onset SLE compared to adult-onset SLE and identified factors associated with cardiac diagnoses.

Methods

We identified children (5–17 years) and adults (18–64 years) with incident SLE (≥3 International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9 CM) code 710.0, > 30 days apart) using Clinformatics® DataMart (OptumInsight, Eden Prairie, MN) deidentified United States administrative claims (2000–2013). We calculated incidence and prevalence of three outcomes: ≥ 1 diagnosis code for (1) pericarditis and/or myocarditis, (2) endocarditis, or (3) valvular insufficiency. Negative binomial regression was used to identify characteristics associated with cardiac diagnoses in children and determine whether SLE onset in childhood vs adulthood was independently associated with cardiac involvement.

Results

There were 297 children and 6927 adults with new-onset SLE. A total of 17.8% of children had ICD-9 CM codes for acute cardiac diagnoses, the incidence of which were highest in the first year after SLE diagnosis (12.2 per 100 person-years). African American race (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 6.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) (2.9, 15.0), p < 0.01) and nephritis (IRR 7.0, 95% CI (2.6, 18.6), p < 0.01) were associated with acute cardiac diagnoses in children. Child-onset disease was independently associated with a 4.4-fold higher rate of pericarditis or myocarditis compared to adult-onset SLE after adjustment for other disease and demographic characteristics (95% CI (2.4, 8.0), p < 0.01).

Conclusion

This study establishes baseline estimates of the incidence and prevalence of pericarditis and myocarditis in child-onset SLE, which is substantially higher than that of adult-onset SLE. Prospective echocardiographic evaluations are needed to validate incidence measures and characterize the natural history of acute cardiac manifestations in child-onset SLE, as well as identify risk factors for poor cardiac outcomes to inform screening and management.
A chemometric approach for moisture control in stingless bee honey using near infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Ávila Suelen , Hornung Polyanna Silveira , Teixeira Gerson Lopes , Beux Márcia Regina , Lazzarotto Marcelo , Ribani Rosemary Hoffmann
Published: October 2018

Honey is a product that is often adulterated by the addition of water. Stingless bee honey naturally has a higher moisture content than that produced by the traditional Apis mellifera. In most countries, there is a lack of quality standards and methods to characterise and assure the authenticity of stingless bee honey, which demands for the development of fast methods to assess its main properties, avoiding potential fraud. Thus, this work aimed to develop a non-destructive moisture determination method for stingless bee honey based on diffuse reflectance near infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics. Thirty-two honey samples from four stingless bee species ( Melipona quadrifasciata, Melipona marginata, Melipona bicolor and Scaptotrigona bipuncata) were used to develop calibration models using partial least squares regression analyses. Results revealed intense absorption bands in C–H, O–H and C–O vibrations in the spectra of stingless bee honey. The calibration model was used to predict the moisture content in honey from an external group. The prediction of the honey’s moisture showed good correlation (r2 = 0.93) with the refraction index method and an average error of 2.14%. The statistics variables for the calibration ( R2 = 0.947, SEP = 1.005 and RPD = 4.3) revealed that this model can be used to predict the moisture from stingless bee honey and that near infrared spectroscopy is a reliable tool to be applied in quality control with rapid, simple and accurate results.
Caregivers’ perception of dignity in teenagers with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Mohammadi Fatemeh , Rakhshan Mahnaz , Molazem Zahra , Zareh Najaf , Gillespie Mark
Published: October 2018

Introduction:

Maintaining dignity is one of patients is one of the main ethical responsibilities of caregivers. However, in many cases, the dignity of patients, especially autistic teenagers is not maintained. The extent to which dignity needs are met for this group within the Iranian care system is difficult to determine as dignity is an abstract concept, and there are few related research studies reported.

Objectives:

The objective of this study is to find out caregivers perspectives on dignity in teenagers with autistic spectrum disorder.

Research design:

This study uses a qualitative research design. The data were collected through individual, semi-structured interviews and field notes developed during the interviews. In order to analyze the data, qualitative conventional content analysis was used.

Participants and research context:

In all, 16 professional caregivers for autistic teenagers working in public hospitals were recruited based on a targeted sampling method to reach data saturation from February 2016 to July 2017.

Findings:

The findings of this study were presented in three main themes, “privacy,” “respecting individual identity,” and “comprehensive support,” and 11 categories.

Ethical consideration:

This study’s protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of medical universities located in Southeast of Iran and the required ethical principles were followed throughout.

Discussion and conclusion:

Based on the findings of this study from the perspective of caregivers, autistic teenagers need to be cared for and educated in a respectful environment where their privacy is maintained, their individual identities are respected, and they receive comprehensive familial, social, and financial support. These conditions would maintain the dignity of such teenagers and would result in appropriate behavioral outcomes. Therefore, it is suggested that a cultural, professional and institutional background in which all components of the autistic teenager’s dignity are protected and emphasized be provided.
Multi-dimensional approach to end-of-life care: The Welfare Model
Authors: Sim Shin Wei , Soh Tze Ling Gwendoline Beatrice , Radha Krishna Lalit Kumar
Published: October 2018

Appropriate and balanced decision-making is sentinel to goal setting and the provision of appropriate clinical care that are attuned to preserving the best interests of the patient. Current family-led decision-making in family-centric societies such as those in Singapore and other countries in East Asia are believed to compromise these objectives in favor of protecting familial interests. Redressing these skewed clinical practices employing autonomy-based patient-centric approaches however have been found wanting in their failure to contend with wider sociocultural considerations that impact care determinations. Evaluation of a number of alternative decision-making frameworks set out to address the shortcomings of prevailing atomistic and family-centric decision-making models within the confines of end-of-life care prove these alternative frameworks to be little better at protecting the best interests of vulnerable patients. As a result, we propose the Welfare Model that we believe is attentive to the relevant socio-culturally significant considerations of a particular case and better meets the needs of end-of-life care goals of preserving the welfare of patients. Employing a multi-professional team evaluation guided by regnant psychosocial, legal, and clinical standards and the prevailing practical and clinical realities of the particular patient’s setting the Welfare Model provides a clinically relevant, culturally sensitive, transparent, and evidence-based approach to care determinations.
Achieving long-term modularization benefits: A small- and medium-sized enterprise study
Authors: Mortensen Niels Henrik , Bertram Christian Alexander , Lundgaard Rasmus
Published: October 2018

Long-term commonalities and experiences with modularization in comparable small- and medium-sized enterprises have been identified as a research gap. This article contributes by describing a unique collection of experiences from companies that received a similar introduction to the same core modularization topics through a series of introductory initiatives. This shared introduction makes the projects and processes of the companies comparable. The study reveals three main aspects of achieving significant long-term benefits from modularization initiatives: the company must (1) aim big and be willing to change its foundation accordingly, (2) draw on the right positional strength and have broad organizational inputs, and (3) properly coordinate work and then actively seek to preserve the focus and results over a long period of time. Interviews were conducted with representatives from 12 of these companies. Qualitative and quantitative data obtained from the interviews were used to draw parallels between the definition, execution, and impact of modularization. The stated results and project circumstances show commonalities for the successful implementation of modularization. They indicate which actions lead to the desired changes and secure the results persistently. The participants have achieved various results, such as strategic changes, new architectures, fewer variants, higher product earnings, and new development processes. Some have also introduced maintenance plans to secure the results, such as establishing configurators, performing weekly analyses, recruiting dedicated personnel, and so on. The interviews revealed several influencing factors, such as management support, internal communication, organizational drive, proper facilitation, and prioritized project management. They also indicated that significantly more improvement can be achieved with proper goal setting and commitment to specific goals. These are the factors that can help future small- and medium-sized enterprises in the proper incorporation of modularization and in maximizing their exploitation of modularization theory.
Product evolutionary design driven by environmental performance
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zheng Chenxing , Zheng Yu , Huang Haihong , Ke Qingdi
Published: October 2018

This article is in terms of product environmental performance demand and proposes four structure evolutionary operation modes which include combined evolutionary method, decomposition evolutionary method, replacement evolutionary method, and material-changing evolutionary method to express the structure evolutionary process of products. Through the quotient space theory and proposed method combined with probability statistics, probability mapping from environmental performance to product structure is established and the evolutionary individuals with outstanding environmental performance are listed. Through the analysis to the specific conditions of the evolutionary individuals, the design constraints are extracted, and the objective function of environmental performance is established. This article presents an interactive genetic algorithm as evolutionary algorithm and combines it with four structure evolutionary operation modes to conduct corresponding gene manipulation and generates evolutionary product. Finally, the proposed methodology is successfully applied to engine gear chamber and the environmental impact is found to be better than before evolution.
GABAergic Interneurons in Seizures: Investigating Causality With Optogenetics
Authors: Magloire Vincent , Mercier Marion S. , Kullmann Dimitri M. , Pavlov Ivan
Published: October 2018

Seizures are complex pathological network events characterized by excessive and hypersynchronized activity of neurons, including a highly diverse population of GABAergic interneurons. Although the primary function of inhibitory interneurons under normal conditions is to restrain excitation in the brain, this system appears to fail intermittently, allowing runaway excitation. Recent developments in optogenetics, combined with genetic tools and advanced electrophysiological and imaging techniques, allow us for the first time to assess the causal roles of identified cell-types in network dynamics. While these methods have greatly increased our understanding of cortical microcircuits in epilepsy, the roles played by individual GABAergic cell-types in controlling ictogenesis remain incompletely resolved. Indeed, the ability of interneurons to suppress epileptic discharges varies across different subtypes, and an accumulating body of evidence paradoxically implicates some interneuron subtypes in the initiation and maintenance of epileptiform activity. Here, we bring together findings from this growing field and discuss what can be inferred regarding the causal role of different GABAergic cell-types in seizures.
Risk of pulmonary toxicity of bleomycin and filgrastim
Authors: Laprise-Lachance Magali , Lemieux Pierre , Grégoire Jean-Pierre
Published: October 2018

Objectives

To estimate the relative risk of pulmonary toxicity in patients exposed to a bleomycin-based chemotherapy including filgrastim compared to a similar chemotherapy without filgrastim.

Methods

We conducted a nested case–control study of patients treated with BEP (bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin) for germ cell cancer or with ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine) for Hodgkin’s lymphoma at the Hôtel-Dieu de Lévis Hospital between 31 October 2000 and 30 June 2016. The relative risk was estimated by an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) using a propensity score-adjusted regression analysis.

Results

Thirteen cases of pulmonary toxicity, representing 14.7% of the 88 patients included in the study, were matched with 65 controls. A higher proportion of women (31.8%) than men (11.3%) developed pulmonary toxicity although the difference was not statistically significant ( P = 0.08). Within the cohort, two deaths related to lung toxicity were observed among cases where no filgrastim was used. The risk of pulmonary toxicity associated with the addition of filgrastim was not statistically significant (aOR = 2.48 95% CI = 0.50 to 12.19).

Conclusion

The results add further evidence that the concomitant use of filgrastim might not increase the risk of pulmonary toxicity of bleomycin. It also suggests that female patients might be more likely to develop this adverse effect. A clinical trial would be needed to confirm this result.
Use of ab interno Kahook Dual Blade trabeculectomy for treatment of primary congenital glaucoma
Authors: Harvey Morgan M , Schmitz Joseph W
Published: October 2018

Introduction:

Primary congenital glaucoma is a rare ocular disorder that is responsible for 0.01%–0.04% of total blindness worldwide.1 The goal of congenital glaucoma management is to allow for proper development of the immature visual system by controlling intraocular pressure. Medical therapy usually provides a supportive role to temporarily reduce intraocular pressure, but patients typically require iridocorneal angle surgery to facilitate aqueous humor outflow. In this report, we describe the use of minimally invasive ab interno Kahook Dual Blade trabeculectomy for treatment of primary congenital glaucoma.

Case description:

A 13-month-old male with bilateral primary congenital glaucoma due to a loss of function TEK mutation. He had bilateral findings of elevated intraocular pressures, buphthalmos, Haab’s striae, photophobia, and myopia. Over the course of 6 weeks, three ab interno trabeculectomies with a Kahook Dual Blade were performed in the patient’s left eye and one in the patient’s right eye. After 3 months, intraocular pressures while receiving pressure reducing ophthalmic drops bilaterally reduced from 43 to 21 mmHg in the right eye after a single surgery and from 44 to 34 mmHg in the left eye after three surgeries, eventually requiring glaucoma drainage implant placement. There were no complications.

Conclusion:

Ab interno Kahook Dual Blade Trabeculectomy is a minimally invasive and potentially successful procedure for the treatment of congenital glaucoma. The safety profile of minimally invasive glaucoma surgery warrants consideration for congenital glaucoma patients, as they usually require iridocorneal angle surgery because pharmacologic therapy is typically inadequate.
Tract dilation to salvage failing buttonholes in arteriovenous dialysis fistulae
Authors: Barzel Eyal , Larkin John W , Marcus Allen , Reviriego-Mendoza Marta M , Usvyat Len A , Sor Murat , Maddux Franklin W
Published: October 2018

Introduction:

Hemodialysis patients with an arteriovenous fistula can use buttonhole techniques for cannulation. Although buttonholes generally work well, patients may report difficult and painful cannulation, and buttonholes may fail over time. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of tract dilation in treatment of failing buttonholes.

Methods:

We retrospectively analyzed data from patients treated with buttonhole tract dilation at an outpatient vascular access center between January 2013 and August 2015.

Results:

Data from 23 patients were analyzed. There were 51 tract dilation procedures during 36 encounters for failing arteriovenous fistula buttonhole tract(s). The technical success rate for established tract dilation with “blunt-recanalization” was 90% (n = 46). The five remaining buttonholes had “sharp-recanalization” to create and dilate new tract through the buttonhole. For 46 buttonholes treated with “blunt-recanalization,” there was an 85% clinical success rate at one week (39 buttonholes), and one was lost to follow-up; there was a 70% clinical success rate after one month (32 buttonholes). In the five buttonholes with “sharp-recanalization,” there was only one clinical success with p < 0.05 for difference in success rate compared to “blunt-recanalization” at both one week and one month. There was one complication from “sharp-recanalization” requiring abandonment of the buttonhole tract.

Discussion:

Buttonhole tract dilation is a useful method to treat difficult cannulation and painful cannulation and has the potential to extend the life of failing buttonholes.
A Socioecological Perspective Regarding Risk Factors for Driving Under the Influence of Marijuana Among Young Adults
Authors: Berg Carla J
Published: October 2018

Young adults are at high risk for using marijuana, driving under the influence (DUI) of marijuana, and fatalities or serious injuries from motor vehicle crashes related to DUI of marijuana. Within the context of increased legalization of marijuana use and shifting social norms, these public health concerns are particularly prominent. Drawing from a socioecological perspective, this commentary summarizes the literature indicating the importance of multilevel influences on DUI of marijuana among young adults. Indeed, prior research has indicated that risk for DUI of marijuana is associated with policy-level factors such as state and local policies related to marijuana, community-level factors including marijuana access (eg, legalized retail, black market), interpersonal influences including social norms, and intrapersonal factors such as risk perceptions of marijuana use and DUI. This literature should inform future research and practice aiming to develop, test, and implement multilevel interventions and develop messaging strategies aimed at curtailing DUI of marijuana.
Sharing Space: Urban Sharing, Sharing a Living Space, and Shared Social Spaces
Authors: Chan Jeffrey Kok Hui , Zhang Ye
Published: October 2018

Although sharing city is by definition a “place-based” approach to understand sharing activities, and despite the fact that spatial proximity and configuration can affect the formation of sharing practices, neither the impacts of sharing activities on space nor the different spatial attributes, which in turn condition sharing activities and behaviors, have been adequately explicated. In this article, the sociospatial dimensions of sharing space are encapsulated through the following three vectors on different spatial scales—namely, urban sharing, sharing a living space, and shared social spaces—and described through the case examples of the dockless bikeshare program, sharing a domestic space, and the coworking space and hackerspace, respectively. These vectors are then framed as the contours of a general theory of sharing spaces.
What is complex in complex movement? A discourse analysis of conceptualizations of movement in the Swedish physical education curriculum
Authors: Janemalm Lucas , Quennerstedt Mikael , Barker Dean
Published: October 2018

In 2011, the Swedish National Agency for Education introduced a new national curriculum. The curriculum contained a number of new terms. One in particular proved problematic for physical educators – complex movement. The confusion surrounding the term could be seen as somewhat unexpected since movement is and has been a central element of practically all physical education (PE) curricula. The specific aim of this paper is to identify how the discourse regarding complex movement is assembled, and by doing so, provide insights into the meaning(s) of complex movement within the context of PE policy in Sweden. Following Englund and Quennerstedt (2008), the study is framed within a Swedish curriculum theory tradition and six policy texts are examined using a discourse analytic methodology. The results suggest three different inferences of complex movement discourse: advanced with a wide meaning; context-dependent and related to sports for older pupils; and knowledge-dependent where different views about knowledge exist. From these results, three discussion points are raised related to: the diversity of possible meanings presented in policy; the connection between knowledge and understanding; and the probability of different audiences reading the texts in different ways. The paper is concluded with a consideration of the consequences of different inferences concerning complex movement and whether greater consensus is necessary.
Taking the stone from my heart: An exploration of the benefits of a mentoring programme (PROMISE) for children at risk of significant harm
Authors: Dallos Rudi , Carder-Gilbert Hassina
Published: October 2018

This article reports on a multi–methods longitudinal evaluation of the PROMISE mentoring scheme which was developed in Somerset UK to offer a continuing relationship for vulnerable young people with a volunteer mentor. The overall findings indicate that mentoring was experienced very positively and contributed to both fostering a sense of trust and to reducing the insecure attachments of the young people. The findings are considered within a relational and attachment framework to offer a model of how mentoring achieves positive change. Implications for development of the service and encouragement for others to develop similar services are discussed.
Uncertainty stress, social capital, and suicidal ideation among Chinese medical students: Findings from a 22-university survey
Authors: Wu Dan , Yang Tingzhong , Rockett Ian RH , Yu Lingwei , Peng Sihui , Jiang Shuhan
Published: October 2018

Respective associations between uncertainty stress and three dimensions of social capital with suicidal ideation were assessed among 4446 undergraduates from 22 Chinese universities in a cross-sectional study. Multiple logistic regression model and structural equation modeling were used to examine these relationships. Uncertainty stress was more strongly and uniquely associated with suicidal ideation than with life stress. Social capital, especially social networks, shared a dual role as a correlate of suicidal ideation and means to reduce the impact of uncertainty stress. School-based gender- and age-specific suicidal ideation interventions should emphasize social capital enhancement and uncertainty stress coping.
Grenfell, Austerity, and Institutional Violence
Authors: Cooper Vickie , Whyte David
Published: October 2018

The complex chains of decisions that produce disasters like the Grenfell Tower fire are not readily described as ‘violence’. ‘Violence’ is something that remains largely understood in popular consciousness, and in sociology, as an interpersonal phenomenon, and as the result of a deliberate attempt to cause harm. This is largely because our understanding of violence is always somehow connected to legal concepts and principles. In this article, we argue that the Grenfell fire was produced by a form of collective decision-making that we describe as institutional violence; it reflects the routine order and detached administration of a form of violence that is intimately connected to a more insidious targeting of subject groups and populations in ways that produce and increase the likelihood of other, ongoing, violent circumstances occurring.
Indoor thermal environment due to non-steady-state radiation heat transfer of a capillary ceiling radiation cooling system
Authors: Xie Dong , Tian Ling , Wah Yu Chuck , Liao Maili , Wang Hanqing
Published: October 2018

The capillary ceiling radiation cooling panel (C-CRCP) is a newly developed terminal device for air conditioning to provide indoor thermal comfort for occupants and to save energy. In this paper, numerical modelling of a room with a C-CRCP system was used to analyze radiant heat transfer under non-steady-state conditions. Experiments were conducted in an environmental chamber to verify simulation results. The chamber was equipped with a C-CRCP, which was covered with gypsumboard. The results showed that the inlet water temperature had a significant influence on ceiling surface temperature. The ceiling surface temperature and the steady-state time were increased with higher inlet water temperature. A vertical gradient in indoor air temperature was found. Ceiling surface temperature and indoor air temperature were increased with an increase in inlet air temperature. The energy supply rate of the radiant panel had a positive correlation with chilled water velocity. The amount of radiation was double the amount of convection, and the thickness of the gypsumboard had virtually no effect on the proportions of radiation and convection. The model was considered validated since the maximum relative errors between experimental data and simulation results of inlet water temperature and supply air conditions were within 10%.
Condemned to connection? Network communitarianism in Mark Zuckerberg’s “Facebook Manifesto”
Authors: Rider Karina , Murakami Wood David
Published: October 2018

This article considers Mark Zuckerberg’s 2017 open letter titled “Building Global Community” as a political manifesto. Published just prior to an ongoing series of scandals involving Facebook and the misuse of customer data, the letter outlines Zuckerberg’s plans for the future direction of the company. Using an approach based on Luc Boltanski and Eve Chiapello’s connexionism, combined with Benjamin Bratton’s understanding of platforms and John Bellamy Foster and Robert W. McChesney’s, as well as Shoshana Zuboff’s, analysis of surveillance capitalism, this article argues that the letter remains significant because it constitutes a coherent statement about ubiquitous social media and the future of government in an era characterized by a global turn to authoritarianism. Evoking Japanese philosopher Hiroki Azuma’s reworking of Rousseau’s concept of “General Will” in the social media age, this article warns that one of the most dangerous aspects of the Manifesto is that it might be, in some ways, correct.
Capturing the world with verbs: Preschool science education beyond nouns and objects
Authors: Areljung Sofie
Published: October 2018

This article seeks to contribute new perspectives to the ontology and epistemology of preschool science education by exploring the idea of using everyday verbs, rather than nouns, to discern possibilities for science learning in preschool. Herein, the author merges empirical examples from preschools with findings from research on children’s noun and verb learning and posthumanist perspectives on matter and concepts. What comes out of the exploration is a radical way of viewing and knowing the world. The verbs trigger a shift from an object-oriented view of the world to seeing action and non-tangible processes and phenomena in one’s surroundings. Further, the verbs highlight the potential science learning that emerges in action and in child–matter relations, opening up to preschool science pedagogies that go beyond subjective/objective and concrete/abstract binaries.
Crystal plasticity-based micromechanical finite element modelling of ductile void growth for an aluminium alloy under multiaxial loading conditions
Authors: Guo He-Jie , Li Dong-Feng
Published: October 2018

This work proposes a crystal plasticity-based micromechanical finite element model to account for the inelastic crystallographic slip in an aluminium alloy and its effect on the development of micro-voids. Three-dimensional unit cell with periodic boundary conditions is used to represent the porous single crystal, which is subject to multiaxial external loads with constant stress triaxiality. The effects of stress triaxiality and crystallographic orientation on the ductile failure response for the porous single crystal are then quantified. Through the Taylor–Reuss mean field homogenisation, the stress–strain responses for porous polycrystal under multiaxial stress states are also investigated and compared with the conventional modelling results. The present work indicates that void coalescence strain at single crystal level strongly depends on the crystallographic orientation, particularly when stress triaxiality is low, and the overall stress–strain response of porous polycrystal can be affected by the crystallographic slip-based micro-void growth and polycrystallinity of the material.
A grounded theory analysis of the experiences of carers for people living with dementia from three BAME communities: Balancing the need for support against fears of being diminished
Authors: Baghirathan Subitha , Cheston Richard , Hui Rosa , Chacon Anndeloris , Shears Paula , Currie Katie
Published: October 2018

An estimated 25,000 people of Black, Asian and other Minority Ethnic (BAME) origins live with dementia in UK – a number which is expected to increase sevenfold by 2051. People from many BAME communities experience dementia in a markedly different way to their white British counterparts. For instance diagnosis is more likely to occur at an advanced stage of the illness, while there is a lower take-up of mainstream dementia services. This research study focused on the experiences of caregivers for family and friends living with dementia from South Asian, African Caribbean and Chinese communities in Bristol. Data were collected through interviews with 27 participants and 8 focus groups attended by 76 participants. Additionally, interviews were carried out with 16 paid staff and volunteers working for Voluntary and Community Sector Organisations (VCSOs) that provided services for older people from these three communities. As concepts emerged during data analysis, so these were checked with each community. The grounded theory, ‘fear of diminishment’ was present across all communities: participants both needed and wanted support, but they were reluctant to accept this if it came at the cost of being diminished as a person. To resolve this dilemma, informants turned to BAME-led VCSOs, which provided ongoing support and advocated on behalf of their members. However, the services provided by these VCSOs varied and reflected differences in the ways in which communities enacted the theory. Given the increasing importance of cultural diversity within dementia care, this study has important implications for communities across the UK and elsewhere, and points towards the need for sustainable and equitable resourcing of dementia care within BAME-led VCSOs.
Ultrasonic synthetic aperture imaging with interposed transducer–medium coupling path
Authors: Sternini Simone , Liang Albert Y , Lanza di Scalea Francesco
Published: October 2018

An interposed coupling material between an ultrasonic transducer and the test medium can be present in various non-destructive inspections and structural health monitoring imaging applications. One example is the wedge medium often used to direct ultrasonic beams into the test material for optimal interaction with internal defects. Another example is the ultrasonic imaging of multilayered structures. This article discusses the ways to perform synthetic aperture focus ultrasonic imaging in these cases where signal losses and complicated refractions at the coupling material/medium interface take place. Three main steps are proposed to maximize image quality. The first step is the delay-multiply-and-sum algorithm that increases the number of independent terms in the beamforming equation compared to the delay-and-sum algorithm. The second step is the utilization of a ray tracing algorithm to properly account for the refraction of the waves in both transmission and reflection paths, and accounting for both L-waves and S-waves that can potentially propagate. The compounding of multiple wave mode combinations is the third step proposed to significantly improve image quality. Validation experiments are presented for a transducer array on a wedge to image two closely spaced holes in an aluminum block. The delay-multiply-and-sum algorithm and wave mode compounding algorithm are also in principle applicable to other structural health monitoring imaging approaches that use, for example, sparse transducer arrays and guided-wave probing.
Outpatient Endovascular Tibial Artery Intervention in an Office-Based Setting Is as Safe and Effective as in a Hospital Setting
Authors: D’Souza Steve M. , Stout Christopher L. , Krol Emilia , Dexter David J. , Ahanchi Sadaf Sadie , Panneton Jean M.
Published: October 2018

Purpose: To compare outcomes of outpatient tibial artery procedures between an office endovascular center and a hospital angiography suite. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of 204 outpatient tibial interventions performed on 161 patients (mean age 72±11.5 years; 81 men) in either an office (n=100) or hospital (n=104) angiography suite from April 2011 through September 2013. Patients who had an existing ipsilateral bypass that was completely proximal to the tibial trifurcation were eligible, as were patients with prior proximal endovascular interventions. Exclusion criteria included previous ipsilateral bypass involving the infrapopliteal vessels, in-patient status at the time of the procedure, planned admission after the procedure, and infrapopliteal stenting. Treatment included percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) or PTA with atherectomy. Primary outcomes were unplanned admission, emergency room visits, acute complications, and patency. Results: There were no significant differences in demographics or baseline Rutherford category between patients treated in an office endovascular suite vs a hospital angiography suite. Factors more prevalent in the hospital group included chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (16% vs 8%, p=0.045), renal insufficiency (37% vs 25%, p=0.017), and previous proximal bypass (12% vs 4%, p=0.045). Of the 100 office procedures, 25 involved PTA and 75 were PTA with atherectomy, while in the 104 hospital procedures, PTA was applied in 68 patients and PTA with atherectomy in 36. Thirty-day local complication rates (7% vs 11%, p=0.368), systemic complication rates (4% vs 8%, p=0.263), and mortality (1% vs 2%, p=0.596) in the office vs hospital setting were not statistically different. Unplanned postprocedure hospital admission rates for medical reasons were lower in the office group (2% vs 11%, p=0.01). Kaplan-Meier estimates of the 1-year follow-up data were better in the office group for primary patency (69% vs 53%, p=0.050), assisted primary patency (90% vs 89%, p=0.646), and amputation-free survival (89% vs 83%, p=0.476), but the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Efficacy and safety of outpatient endovascular tibial artery interventions between office and hospital settings were similar, with lower unplanned admission rates and better patency. With appropriate patient selection, the office endovascular suite can be a safe alternative to the hospital angiography suite.
Propolis – Eco-friendly natural antibacterial finish for nonwoven fabrics for medical application
Authors: Rogina-Car Beti , Rogina Josip , Govorčin Bajsić Emi , Budimir Ana
Published: October 2018

The aim of this study was to develop biodegradable medical nonwoven fabrics with added value, focusing on environmentally friendly natural substances for use in wound care. Propolis, a natural antibiotic, with confirmed antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory action was used. It was used in two formulations: ethanol extract of propolis and powder of native propolis. In order to obtain an environmentally friendly product, no chemical binder was used. Three modified procedures of applying propolis by immersing and scattering were used. Antimicrobial effect of the performed treatment was tested according to standard EN ISO 20645:2004 on three types of bacteria: Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Gram-negative Escherichia coli (ATCC 11229) and Klebsiella pneumonia (ATCC4352). In this study, the microbial barrier properties of textiles for two bacterial endospores were investigated, with the aim of determining the microorganism mechanical permeability of textile. Fourier-transform infrared–attenuated total reflection was used to investigate the structural changes of Tencel nonwoven fabrics/propolis samples. On the basis of the results it can be concluded that the application of bee products, in this case of propolis in both formulations, on Tencel nonwoven fabrics provides satisfactory antimicrobial effects and an effective microbial barrier. Obtained results show that treatments 1 and 3 provide better antibacterial properties, indicating the further development potential of these treatments. AATCC Test Method 79, Absorbency of Textiles, was used to test absorption. The results show an increase in the absorption time of finished samples. The absorption time of finished samples can be reduced if they are stacked in a layered structure.