bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Facile Carbonyl Sulfide (COS) Fixation into Novel COS-Storage Materials Towards Preparation of CdS Photocatalyst for CO2 Reduction and Promotion of Plant Growth
Authors: Li Bin , Yang Tingyu , Yue Xiaoqing , Wu Zhaojun , Zhang Jianbin
Published: January 2022

An effective approach to the COS capture and fixation using the alcohol-amine binary systems contained Ethylene Glycol-based polyols (EGs) and Ethylenediamine-based polyamines (EDAs) under ambient conditions is developed. Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and X-Ray powder Diffraction (XRD) analyses reveal that COS is converted into thio-alkylcarbonate salts with the special chemical structures of [+H3NR1NH3 +-OC(=S)OR2(R3)O(S=)CO-]n, which are named as a COS-Storage Material (COSSM). Notably, the COSSM is successfully applied to the synthesis of CdS Nano-Particles (NPs) for the photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to CO and CH4, and used as a nitro-sulfur compound fertilizer to promote plant growth. Our work has provided a readily available strategy for the green storage and sustainable utilization of COS.
Possibilities Of The Uacser Model To Increase The Efficiency Of Using Clasters And Synergetics
Authors:   Samarkand Institute Of Economics And Service, Uzbekistan, Pardaev Prof. Mamayunus K. , Egamov Akbar Rizaevich ,   Master’s Student, Samarkand Institute Of Economics And Service, Uzbekistan
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the possibilities of using the UACSER model to increase the efficiency of clustering and synergetics. This model uses factors and processes such as interest, activity, cluster, synergetics, efficiency, outcome, and is based on their interdependence. A noteworthy aspect is the interdependence of synergetics with the cluster.
Sistem Informasi Kaji Cepat Bencana Kebakaran Bpbd Provinsi Dki Jakarta Menggunakan Java Netbeans
Authors: Firman Anggoro  , Dian Nazelliana  , Nia Damayanti
Published: January 2022

The information system for rapid assessment of the BPBD of DKI Jakarta Province was built so that the fire disaster data processing system at the BPBD of DKI Jakarta Province could run precisely, effectively and efficiently. The case approach at BPBD DKI Jakarta Province uses a descriptive method, which is a method with the aim of making a systematic, factual, and accurate description of the facts and characteristics of a particular research object. In the first stage, the writer collects the data and materials needed first, and in the next stage the writer processes and discusses to arrive at a conclusion. The fire rapid assessment information system built by the author uses the Java programming language and Mysql database which can provide previous convenience in terms of processing fire data quickly and precisely compared to systems that still use manual systems, providing automatic calculations that make it easier to meet the basic needs of fire victims, and also able to generate reports of fire events, disaster reports, refugee data, calculation of basic needs and handling of fire data. Before the new system is implemented, it is recommended that the Emergency and Logistics Division be given a good explanation first, regarding the work process that will be implemented so that no incident occurs. And it is necessary to conduct training on the use of the system for the distribution section of this system so that they can know and understand how the new system works.

Keywords: system, rapid assessment, fire, disaster, reporting
Evaluasi Usabilitas Website E-Learning Umri Terhadap Mahasiswa Umri Menggunakan Metode Usability Testing
Authors: Evans Fuad  , Regiolina Hayami  , Kharisma Almer
Published: January 2022

Dahulu sistem penjadwalan dibuat dengan manual dituliskan dalam bentuk tabel diatas kertas yang biasanya dipajang di dinding. Namun sekarang ini sistem penjadwalan sudah dapat diterapkan menggunakan teknologi komputer dimana proses penentuan jadwal dan informasi yang diberikan dapat diketahui oleh banyak penggunanya. Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau merupakan perguruan tinggi yang ada di Kota Pekanbaru, memiliki beberapa program studi salah satunya adalah program studi Teknik Informatika. Dalam kurikulum program studi Teknik Informatika di Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau, pada semester tujuh mahasiswa diwajibkan untuk menyelesaikan sebuah mata kuliah kerja praktek (KP) sebagai salah satu syarat untuk melanjutkan ke skripsi. Proses pemilihan dosen penguji yang terlibat masih dilakukan secara manual disesuaikan dengan kriteria-kriteria tertentu. Kemudian pengaturan jadwal juga secara manual dimana timbul kendala pada saat seminar yang dilaksanakan secara paralel yaitu pada waktu yang sama namun di ruangan yang berbeda, dosen pembimbing maupun dosen penguji harus mengecek secara manual agar jadwal dosen tersebut tidak bentrok. Algoritma genetika cukup baik untuk digunakan dalam penjadwalan mata kuliah di sebuah perguruan tinggi negeri karena algoritma ini dapat menyelesaikan masalah multi-kriteria dan multi-objektif
Морфологические особенности «Жития Св. Феодора» (1913) на удмуртском языке
Authors:   Udmurt Institute of History, Language and Literature Udmurt Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch, RAS (Izhevsk), Bezenova Maria P. ,   Ivannikov Institute for System Programming, RAS (Moscow)
Published: January 2022

The article examines the morphological features of the translation of “The Life of St. Theodoreˮ (1913) into the Elabuga dialect of the Udmurt language. The significance of the study lies in the fact that although written records are one of the main sources for studying language history, most of Udmurt written records have not been examined yet. The paper describes the main grammatical categories of the noun (number, possession, case) and the verb (voice, mood, tense), as well as those of the non-conjugated verb forms (infinitive, participle, adverbial participle). The analysis of morphological characteristics is based on the previously identified graphic and phonetic features of the written source and employs a comparative method: the linguistic data were compared with the data from the literary language and modern Udmurt dialects. Furthermore, whenever possible, the issues of the origin of morphological markers are raised in order to identify the innovative or archaic nature of the characteristics which are reflected in the written record at the morphological level. As a result, a number of features in the formalization of plural indicators, adverbial participles, some case and tense forms are revealed, which make the language of the written record different from the modern literary Udmurt language and some of its dialects. At the same time, all of these features are preserved in modern South Udmurt dialects, which does not contradict the hypothesis put forward earlier and based on the analysis of the phonetic system of the source text, according to which the dialect basis of “The Life of St. Theodoreˮ is one of the Central-Southern dialects.
Балок и палатка — новые жилища на окраинах ненецкой ойкумены
Authors:   Institute of the Problems of Northern Development,  Tyumen Scientific Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kvashnin Yuri N.
Published: January 2022

The article examines the processes of adaptation of the Nenets to new types of dwellings in the extreme east (in the interfluve of the Taz and Yenisei rivers) and the extreme west (in the Kanin tundra) of their territory in the XX — early XXI centuries. The ar-ticle analyzes the problems faced by economic workers in the 1930—1980s, trying to replace the traditional yurts by introducing ar-tificially designed tents, wagons, and trailers into the everyday life of northern nomads. The processes of a difficult, but natural transition of the Taz-Yenisei Nenets from the yurts to the Dolgan-type gullies, and the Kanin Nenets into tents designed by the Ko-mi-Izhemtsy are shown. The transition of the Yenisei Nenets to the gullies might not have taken place if not for the construction of collective farms in the North in the 1930s. The Dolgans were the only nomads who lived in the gullies for almost a century before the establishment of Soviet power. None of the peoples who roamed at that time in the immediate vicinity of them replaced the traditional chums with beams. Only the attempts of Soviet workers to voluntarily improve the nomadic life of reindeer herders made this change possible. Gullies proved to be the most acceptable type of housing to replace the yurts. The transformation of the life of the Nenets of the Kanin tundra began in the 1960s—1980s. The Komi-Izhemtsy became the innovators who radically changed the life of the Kanin reindeer breeders. A tent built in the early 1960s by the late 1980s gradually replaced the yurt. The Nenets resisted this innovation for a long time and gave up only because they saw an important advantage of the tent — the absence of the need to slaughter a large number of reindeer and to engage in labor-intensive manufacturing of skins for tires. The main conclusion of the study is that it is only the conservative thinking that for a long time did not allow the Nenets to change anything in their way of life, including the types of dwellings.
Новые находки памятников древнепермского языка и письма
Authors:   St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University (Moscow), Grishchenko Alexander I. ,   Institute of Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow),   HSE University (Moscow), Ponaryadov Vadim V. ,   Institute of Language, Literature and History at the Komi Science Centre  of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Syktyvkar)
Published: January 2022

The paper for the first time publishes monuments of the Old Permian language written with Abur, or the script of St. Stephen of Perm; these sources are previously unknown or have not been introduced into academic circulation. They are published here as fac-similes, with transliteration, transcription, and Russian translation. Perhaps the oldest of these inscriptions (from the 1460s — the early 1470s?) is the postscript written in a mixture of Old Permian and Russian at the end of the Church Slavonic Homilae by St. Gregory the Great: it was copied in the Ferapontov Monastery, in the White Lake area, perhaps by the hand of St. Martinianus of White Lake (Belozersky). The next earliest of the Old Permian documents — and the earliest to be dated precisely — is scribal mar-ginalia on a manuscript book with the spiritual homilies of St. Isaac the Syrian in a Church Slavonic translation; it was copied in Ust-Vym (the Komi area) in 1486 by Gabriel (Gavrila) the Deacon (Ki̮ldaś). Other Old Permian postscripts were made at the court of the archbishop of Novgorod the Great in the early 1490s in two volumes with the new Church Slavonic translations from the Vulgate; they were prepared in the circle of Archbishop Gennady of Novgorod and Pskov. Finally, the last word of the late 15th — early 16th century inscription in the Church Slavonic Corpus Areopagiticum has been re-attributed as Old Permian rather than Slavic cryptog-raphy in Abur; this book was donated to the Annunciation Church of Ust-Vym by St. Pitirim, bishop of Perm. The total number of new texts is 37 word-forms, including lexemes that were not previously recorded for this period — this is significant for the Old Permian corpus of the 15th — early 16th centuries. Although from the graphic, phonetic, grammatical, and lexical points of view, these texts basically represent the same linguistic system found in previously known Old Permian monu-ments, they demonstrate, on the one hand, the inclusion of Old Permian scribes into the activities of professional Old Russian scrip-toria and, on the other, they testify to the emergence of interest on the part of East Slavic bookmen in “indigenous” languages. Knowing these languages could be a sign of belonging to a special intellectual stratum that included both the creators of the first Church Slavonic complete biblical collection (the Gennady Bible) and members of the so-called heresy of the Judaizers.
A MICRO-CONTROLLER BASED AUTOMATED PRODUCT DISPENSER
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of ECE Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore, India, R Mr. Sarath Kumar , M Aravind ,   Department of ECE Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore, India, B Dayanand ,   Department of ECE Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore, India, S Devarajan ,   Department of ECE Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore, India, S Aswith ,   Department of ECE Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore, India, Govindapillai Luis Cruz ,   Department of ECE Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore, India
Published: January 2022

The Objective of the paper is to make a “Product dispenser” as an outcome which is very helpful in reducing unnecessary wastage of product and to avoid physical contact during this pandemic situation. (e.g.: water, any liquid items). So, a product we have chosen is “liquid such as water, juices, cold drinks, canned, etc.…”. Nowadays the product dispenser system is like a regular vending machine. So, it is used in our day-to-day daily life as an easement. These vending machines are mostly available in public places like shopping mall, Metro, Airports, Hotels, etc... Hence, it is a convenience for people to use. But, in the pandemic Situation, the safety of the people comes first. So, in order to prevent many people from physical contact with the dispenser machines, we came up with an idea of examining the body temperature and then proceeding to the next dispensing section. By, this method we can ensure the safety of the people from being exposed to viruses at the maximum
Dampak Penurunan Jumlah Kunjungan KB terhadap Ancaman Baby Boom di Era Covid-19 PMP Bidan A Kabupaten Cianjur
Authors: Hennyati Sri , Hernawati Yeti , Wulan Anggriani Marien
Published: January 2022

Seluruh dunia saat ini sedang terjadi sebuah pandemi yang mempunyai dampak cukup besar di semua sektor kehidupan manusia. World Health Organization (WHO) telah menetapkan Corona virus Disease 2019 atau COVID-19 sebagai sebuah ancaman pandemi, Pandemi COVID-19 memberikan implikasi ekonomi, sosial, politik dan kesehatan hampir di seluruh negara, termasuk di Indonesia. Kebijakan pemerintah untuk menerapkan social distancing, physcal distancing, work from home sebagai upaya pencegahan penularan covid-19, menyebabkan sulitnya akses akpseptor KB terhadap layanan KB. Penurunan Kunjungan KB berisko meningkatnya jumlah kehamilan yang dapat diprediksi dengan bertambahnya jumlah kelahiran sekitar 4 juta bayi pada awal 2021 (Baby Boom). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan, status ekonomi, kesadaran dalam ber KB mandiri, persepsi pada tempat layanan terhadap variabel kunjungan KB. Metode penelitian ini adalah descriptive kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan nya menggunakan pengumpulan data. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 PUS yang berkunjung ke PMB Bidan A Kabupaten Cianjur. Tehnik pengambilan sampel menggunakan desain total sampling desaine, sampai terkumpul sampel penelitian 30 30 responden selama pengambilan data. Analisis univariat dalam penelitian ini menggunakan sumber data sekunder yaitu rekam medis, literatur, artikel, dan jurnal. Hasil penelitian adalah ada hubungan antara pengetahuan terhadap kunjungan KB dan peningkatan penduduk.
Hubungan Tingkat Kecemasan Ibu Hamil Trimester III dengan Kesiapan Menghadapi Persalinan pada masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Praktik Mandiri Bidan (PMB)
Authors: Suryani Ida , Seutiya Wati L'mira
Published: January 2022

Kecemasan adalah keadaan perasaan keprihatinan, rasa gelisah, ketidaktentuan, atau takut dari kenyataan atau persepsi ancaman normal terjadi dalam berbagai keadaan, seperti pertumbuhan, adanya perubahan dan pengalaman baru merupakan perasaan takut yang tidak jelas penyebabnya dan tidak didukung oleh situasi yang ada. Kecemasan ibu selama hamil dan menjelang persalianan dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor usia maupun sosial ekonominya, karena kedua faktor tersebut akan turut menentukan kesiapan ibu dan keluarga dalam menjalani kehamilan serta mempersiapkan proses persalinan. jenis penelitian ini menggunakan analitik observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Jumlah sampel 40 ibu hamil trimester III sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi yaitu ibu hamil trimester 3 bersedia menjadi responden. Teknik sampling dengan purposive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 72.5% responden memiliki kecemasan ringan dengan kesiapan melahirkan yang baik. Ibu hamil mengalami kecemasan disebabkan oleh pandemi takut terjadi sesuatu hal yang tidak diinginkan. Hasil uji analisis statistic menjelaskan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara tingkat kecemasan ibu hamil trimester 3 dengan kesiapan melahirkan di masa pandemic (p = 0.005).
Structural Inequalities and Intersectionality are the Root Causes of Gender Discrimination & Sexual Harassment
Authors: Nageswaran Priyanka , Chakrabarti Mahua , Khan Nagina , Modi Neena , Zamvar Vipin , Chakravorty Indranil
Published: January 2022

Sexual harassment and gender discrimination overlap affecting people (including children) of all genders, however data shows an overwhelmingly high prevalence of violence or harassment experienced by women in areas of conflict, professional life and in their homes as well as in the healthcare workplace. It is pervasive, persistent and all too common.                   Workplace sexual harassment an discrimination although illegal, is particularly is more common in women who are young, early in their careers, in temporary employment, from under-represented or marginalised groups based on ethnicity, immigrant status, gender non-conformity or disability.   Majority of perpetrators are men, who are older and enjoy the privilege of disproportionate power and in certain toxic male-dominated healthcare environments.                   Two recent stories of sexual harassment in healthcare prompted many women to follow suit and share similar stories referring to flashbacks, post-traumatic stress, damage to careers, pressure to leave their job, self-harm and suicidal thoughts, brought about by their experiences. Yet there are examples of women as role models breaking down historical barriers such as Hilary and Chandi in their polar adventures.                   Tackling such structural inequality requires remedies that go beyond incremental approaches focussed on individuals and include transformation of the organisational and societal climate by interventions, affirmative policies and courageous, compassionate leadership. Workplace sexual harassment and discrimination is unacceptable, not inevitable and needs to be eradicated.
Novikov-Veselov Symmetries of the Two-Dimensional O(N) Sigma Model
Authors:   Columbia University, USA, Krichever Igor , Nekrasov Nikita ,   Stony Brook University, US
Published: January 2022

We show that Novikov-Veselov hierarchy provides a complete family of commuting symmetries of two-dimensional O(N) sigma model. In the first part of the paper we use these symmetries to prove that the Fermi spectral curve for the double-periodic sigma model is algebraic. Thus, our previous construction of the complexified harmonic maps in the case of irreducible Fermi curves is complete. In the second part of the paper we generalize our construction to the case of reducible Fermi curves and show that it gives the conformal harmonic maps to even-dimensional spheres. Remarkably, the solutions are parameterized by spectral curves of turning points of the elliptic Calogero-Moser system.
Algorithmic Pulsar Timing
Authors: Phillips Camryn , Ransom Scott
Published: January 2022

Pulsar timing is a process of iteratively fitting pulse arrival times to constrain the spindown, astrometric, and possibly binary parameters of a pulsar, by enforcing integer numbers of pulsar rotations between the arrival times. Phase connection is the process of unambiguously determining those rotation numbers between the times of arrival while determining a pulsar timing solution. Pulsar timing currently requires a manual process of step-by-step phase connection performed by individuals. In an effort to quantify and streamline this process, we created the Algorithmic Pulsar Timer (APT), an algorithm that can accurately phase connect and time isolate pulsars. Using the statistical F-test and knowledge of parameter uncertainties and covariances, the algorithm decides what new data to include in a fit, when to add additional timing parameters, and which model to attempt in subsequent iterations. Using these tools, the algorithm can phase-connect timing data that previously required substantial manual effort. We tested the algorithm on 100 simulated systems, with a 99% success rate. APT combines statistical tests and techniques with a logical decision-making process, very similar to the manual one used by pulsar astronomers for decades, and some computational brute force, to automate the often tricky process of isolated pulsar phase connection, setting the foundation for automated fitting of binary pulsar systems.
A New Sedimentation Model for Greater Cloud Diversity in Giant Exoplanets and Brown Dwarfs
Authors: Rooney Caoimhe M. , Batalha Natasha E. , Gao Peter , Marley Mark S.
Published: January 2022

The observed atmospheric spectrum of exoplanets and brown dwarfs depends critically on the presence and distribution of atmospheric condensates. The Ackerman and Marley methodology for predicting the vertical distribution of condensate particles is widely used to study cloudy atmospheres and has recently been implemented in an open-source python package, Virga. The model relies upon input parameter f
sed, the sedimentation efficiency, which until now has been held constant. The relative simplicity of this model renders it useful for retrieval studies due to its rapidly attainable solutions. However, comparisons with more complex microphysical models such as CARMA have highlighted inconsistencies between the two approaches, namely that the cloud parameters needed for radiative transfer produced by Virga are dissimilar to those produced by CARMA. To address these discrepancies, we have extended the original Ackerman and Marley methodology in Virga to allow for non-constant f
sed values, in particular, those that vary with altitude. We discuss one such parameterization and compare the cloud mass mixing ratio produced by Virga with constant and variable f
sed profiles to that produced by CARMA. We find that the variable f
sed formulation better captures the profile produced by CARMA with heterogeneous nucleation, yet performs comparatively to constant f
sed for homogeneous nucleation. In general, Virga has the capacity to handle any f
sed with an explicit anti-derivative, permitting a plethora of alternative cloud profiles that are otherwise unattainable by constant f
sed values. The ensuing flexibility has the potential to better agree with increasingly complex models and observed data.
The Disk–Outflow System around the Rare Young O-type Protostar W42-MME
Authors: Dewangan L. K. , Zinchenko I. I. , Zemlyanukha P. M. , Liu S.-Y. , Su Y.-N. , Kurtz S. E. , Ojha D. K. , Pazukhin A. G. , Mayya Y. D.
Published: January 2022

We present line and continuum observations (resolution ∼0.″3–3.″5) made with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), Submillimeter Array, and Very Large Array of a young O-type protostar W42-MME (mass: 19 ± 4 M
⊙). The ALMA 1.35 mm continuum map (resolution ∼1″) shows that W42-MME is embedded in one of the cores (i.e., MM1) located within a thermally supercritical filament-like feature (extent ∼0.15 pc) containing three cores (mass ∼1–4.4 M
⊙). Several dense/hot gas tracers are detected toward MM1, suggesting the presence of a hot molecular core with a gas temperature of ∼38–220 K. The ALMA 865 μm continuum map (resolution ∼0.″3) reveals at least five continuum sources/peaks (A–E) within a dusty envelope (extent ∼9000 au) toward MM1, where shocks are traced in the SiO (8–7) emission. Source A associated with W42-MME is seen almost at the center of the dusty envelope and is surrounded by other continuum peaks. The ALMA CO (3–2) and SiO (8–7) line observations show the bipolar outflow extended below 10,000 au, which is driven by source A. The ALMA data hint at the episodic ejections from W42-MME. A disk-like feature (extent ∼2000 au, mass ∼1 M
⊙) with velocity gradients is investigated in source A (dynamical mass ∼9 M
⊙) using the ALMA H13CO+ emission, and it is perpendicular to the CO outflow. A small-scale feature (below 3000 au), probably heated by UV radiation from the O-type star, is also investigated toward source A. Overall, W42-MME appears to gain mass from its disk and the dusty envelope.
From Pebbles and Planetesimals to Planets and Dust: The Protoplanetary Disk–Debris Disk Connection
Authors: Najita Joan R. , Kenyon Scott J. , Bromley Benjamin C.
Published: January 2022

The similar orbital distances and detection rates of debris disks and the prominent rings observed in protoplanetary disks suggest a potential connection between these structures. We explore this connection with new calculations that follow the evolution of rings of pebbles and planetesimals as they grow into planets and generate dusty debris. Depending on the initial solid mass and planetesimal formation efficiency, the calculations predict diverse outcomes for the resulting planet masses and accompanying debris signature. When compared with debris disk incidence rates as a function of luminosity and time, the model results indicate that the known population of bright cold debris disks can be explained by rings of solids with the (high) initial masses inferred for protoplanetary disk rings and modest planetesimal formation efficiencies that are consistent with current theories of planetesimal formation. These results support the possibility that large protoplanetary disk rings evolve into the known cold debris disks. The inferred strong evolutionary connection between protoplanetary disks with large rings and mature stars with cold debris disks implies that the remaining majority population of low-mass stars with compact protoplanetary disks leaves behind only modest masses of residual solids at large radii and evolves primarily into mature stars without detectable debris beyond 30 au. The approach outlined here illustrates how combining observations with detailed evolutionary models of solids strongly constrains the global evolution of disk solids and underlying physical parameters such as the efficiency of planetesimal formation and the possible existence of invisible reservoirs of solids in protoplanetary disks.
Granular-scale Magnetic Flux Emergence and its Associated Features in an Emerging Active Region
Authors: Shen Jinhua , Xu Zhi , Li Jianping , Ji Haisheng
Published: January 2022

Using the high-resolution photosphere and chromosphere observations made by the 1 m New Vacuum Solar Telescope, we studied the granular-scale magnetic flux emergence occurring in emerging active region NOAA 12579. Supplementary observations are also provided by the spacecraft Solar Dynamics Observatory. The studied granular-scale flux emergence took place at two different locations. One is completely embedded in the unipolar region of the following sunspots (Case 1), while another is located at the central part in the active region (Case 2). We find that both cases initially emerge from a dark patch like a wide intergranular lane, but showing the different subsequent features. In Case 1, the emerging granule grows in an elongated feature and reaches its maximum size of almost of 5″ × 3″, with an elongated speed of about 2–3 km s−1. An eruption (i.e., surge) with bright footpoints is observed after the emerging granule reaches its maximum scale. There is a time delay of more than 10 minutes between the appearance of the abnormal granule and the Hα surge. Furthermore, its footpoints are clearly rooted at the intergranular lane. We propose that the eruptive surge could be triggered by the reconnection between the emerging magnetic flux and the preexisting ambient field, leading to the localized heating and bidirectional flows. In Case 2, the granular cell emerging is simultaneously associated with bright points with opposite magnetic polarity, showing the separating motion between them and a bunch of newly formed arch filament systems. We infer that the bright points are due to the strong-field magnetic concentration in the dark intergranular lanes rather than the instantaneous Ellerman bombs.
Lectotypification, epitypification and history of the name Plagiothecium neglectum Mönk. (Plagiotheciaceae)
Authors: Wolski Grzegorz J. , Proćków Jarosław
Published: January 2022

In the protologue of Plagiothecium neglectum, Mönkemeyer (1927) does not indicate any herbarium specimen as a type. The author only gave a short description and attached a figure illustrating selected features of this taxon. The original materials from the Mönkemeyer collection were deposited in the HBG herbarium; however, it is not currently possible to determine their location. Furthermore, one specimen of P. neglectum, currently known from the original Mönkemeyer collections, was found in the Herbarium B (B 30 0105646). The features given in the diagnosis of this taxon are consistent with those of the lectotype of Stereodon nemoralis Mitt.; only the leaf apex from Figure 207c (Mönkemeyer 1927) is different and thus suggests mixed material. According to Art. 9.1 of the Shenzhen Code, Figure 207c represents a holotype of P. neglectum. However, due to differences in the leaf apex and according to Art. 9.3 of the Shenzhen Code, the part representing the apex should be excluded from the holotype, and the remainder of Figure 207c is consequently designated as a lectotype of the name P. neglectum. However, because the lectotype does not include a complete set of significant distinguishing features, an epitype (B 30 0105646) was designated.
Supplementation with heat-inactivated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei K47 ameliorates allergic asthma in mice by regulating the Th1/Th2 balance
Authors: Chen C.-M. , Cheng S.-H. , Chen Y.-H. , Wu C.-C. , Hsu C.-C. , Lin C.-T. , Tsai Y.-C.
Published: January 2022

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease related to the immune response of type 2 T helper cells (Th2), which affects all age groups. The incidence of asthma is increasing worldwide, and it has become a significant public health problem. This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of Lacticaseibacillus (formerly Lactobacillus) paracasei K47 on mice with ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergy. The consequences of orally administered heat-inactivated K47 in OVA-sensitised/challenged BALB/c mice were evaluated by assessing the serum levels of immunoglobulins (Igs), airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cytokine. In addition, the effect of K47 on type 1 T helper cells (Th1)/Th2 cytokine production in splenocytes from OVA-sensitised mice was evaluated. The results revealed that supplementation with K47 remarkably reduced serum levels of total IgE, OVA-specific IgE, and OVA-specific IgG1 in OVA-sensitised/challenged mice. In addition, K47 intervention ameliorated AHR and suppressed the accumulation of inflammatory cells in the BALF of OVA-sensitised/challenged mice. Furthermore, the immunomodulatory ability of K47 was mediated by regulation of the cytokine profile toward the Th1 response in the BALF, and splenocytes of OVA-sensitised mice. Taken together, these results suggested that K47 can modulate the host immune response to ameliorate AHR and inflammation in allergic asthma.
Ethical considerations in the design and conduct of a cluster-randomised mycotoxin mitigation trial in Tanzania
Authors: Phillips E. , Turner P.C. , Ngure F.M. , Kassim N. , Makule E. , Smith L.E. , Nelson R.J. , Stoltzfus R.J.
Published: January 2022

Aflatoxins are fungal metabolites that commonly contaminate staple food crops in tropical regions. Acute aflatoxin consumption in very high concentration causes aflatoxicosis and acute liver failure, while chronic, moderate levels of intake cause hepatocellular carcinoma. The effects of frequent moderate- to high-level exposure during infancy, however, is less clearly understood. Half a billion people in low- and middle-income countries continue to be exposed to aflatoxins through dietary consumption, in part because of lack of enforcement of regulatory limits and few feasible long-term mitigation options in these settings. Several epidemiologic studies have shown an association between aflatoxin exposure in infants and young children and growth failure, but strong experimental evidence is lacking. The Mycotoxin Mitigation Trial conducted in Tanzania was a cluster-randomised trial to assess the effect of a reduced aflatoxin diet on linear growth. Prior to the design and implementation of this trial, a group of multi-disciplinary and multi-national scientists reviewed literature in biomedical, public health, environmental health ethics. In this paper we outline the most salient ethical questions and dilemmas in the potential conduct of such a study and describe the ethical precedents and principles that informed our decision-making processes and ultimate study protocol.
A neural network for a generalized vertical complementarity problem
Authors: Hou Bin ,   School of Mathematics, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China, Zhang Jie , Qiu Chen
Published: January 2022

In this paper, an efficient artificial neural network is proposed for solving a generalized vertical complementarity problem. Based on the properties of log-exponential function, the generalized vertical complementarity problem is reformulated in terms of the unconstrained minimization problem. The existence and the convergence of the trajectory of the neural network are addressed in detail. In addition, it is also proved that if the neural network problem has an equilibrium point under some initial condition, the equilibrium point is asymptotically stable or exponentially stable under certain conditions. At the end of this paper, the simulation results for the generalized bimatrix game are illustrated to show the efficiency of the neural network.
Solution of fractional boundary value problems by $ \psi $-shifted operational matrices
Authors: Sadiq Shazia ,   Department of Mathematics, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan, Rehman Mujeeb ur
Published: January 2022

In this paper, a numerical method is presented to solve fractional boundary value problems. In fractional calculus, the modelling of natural phenomenons is best described by fractional differential equations. So, it is important to formulate efficient and accurate numerical techniques to solve fractional differential equations. In this article, first, we introduce $ \psi $-shifted Chebyshev polynomials then project these polynomials to formulate $ \psi $-shifted Chebyshev operational matrices. Finally, these operational matrices are used for the solution of fractional boundary value problems. The convergence is analysed. It is observed that solution of non-integer order differential equation converges to corresponding solution of integer order differential equation. Finally, the efficiency and applicability of method is tested by comparison of the method with some other existing methods.
Uniform regularity of the isentropic Navier-Stokes-Maxwell system
Authors: Xiao Qingkun ,   College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China, Sun Jianzhu , Tang Tong ,   Department of Applied Mathematics, College of Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China,   School of Mathematical Science, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
Published: January 2022

It is well known that Navier-Stokes-Maxwell system can be derived from the Vlasov-Maxwell-Boltzmann system. In this paper, the uniform regularity of strong solutions to the isentropic compressible Navier-Stokes-Maxwell system are proved. Here our result is obtained by using the bilinear commutator and product estimates.
Global stability mathematical analysis for virus transmission model with latent age structure
Authors: Ren Shanjing ,   School of Mathematics and Big Data, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China, Li Lingling ,   School of Science, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
Published: January 2022

Background and objective

Mathematical model is a very important method for the control and prevention of disease transmissing. Based on the communication characteristics of diseases, it is necesssery to add fast and slow process into the model of infectious diseases, which more effectively shows the transmission mechanism of infectious diseases.

Methods

This paper proposes an age structure epidemic model with fast and slow progression. We analyze the model's dynamic properties by using the stability theory of differential equation under the assumption of constant population size.

Results

The very important threshold $ R_{0} $ was calculated. If $ R_{0} < 1 $, the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable, whereas if $ R_{0} > 1 $, the Lyapunov function is used to show that endemic equilibrium is globally stable. Through more in-depth analysis for basic reproduction number, we obtain the greater the rate of slow progression of an infectious disease, the fewer the threshold results. In addition, we also provided some numerical simulations to prove our result.

Conclusions

Vaccines do not provide lifelong immunity, but can reduce the mortality of those infected. By vaccinating, the rate of patients entering slow progression increases and the threshold is correspondingly reduced. Therefore, vaccination can effectively control the transmission of Coronavirus. The theoretical incidence predicted by mathematical model can provide evidence for prevention and controlling the spread of the epidemic.
A comparabilidade das demonstrações financeiras e seus efeitos nos cash holdings das empresas brasileiras
Authors: Narciso Laís Franca , Reina Diane Rossi Maximiano
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar os efeitos da comparabilidade das demonstrações financeiras nos cash holdings das empresas brasileiras com ações negociadas na B3 no período de 2007 até 2017. A comparabilidade foi calculada com base no modelo de De Franco, Kothari e Verdi (2011) e para análise dos dados foi utilizada a regressão de dados em painel. Foi encontrado um efeito positivo e significativo da comparabilidade nos cash holdings, indicando que empresas com maiores níveis de comparabilidade mantém maiores proporções de caixa. Posteriormente, também foi analisado o efeito de interação da comparabilidade com as restrições financeiras e com a governança corporativa e seu efeito nos cash holdings. Não foram encontradas evidências de que as restrições financeiras causam um efeito significativo nos cash holdings, tampouco sua interação com a comparabilidade. Já no modelo de governança corporativa, a interação (efeito multiplicativo) exibiu um efeito positivo e significativo nos cash holdings, o que indica nas empresas com boa governança, a comparabilidade possui um efeito positivo nos cash holdings. Uma possível explicação para as relações encontradas seria: visto que a comparabilidade pode reduzir a assimetria informacional, ela também reduzirá a probabilidade de que os cash holdings da empresa sejam avaliados com desconto, possibilitando o maior acúmulo de caixa com menores riscos de que os gestores o utilizem para benefício próprio.
COVID-19 in patients with transfusion dependent thalassemia in Indonesia: characteristics of the disease and patients, and comparison between epidemiological data for COVID-19 and thalassemia in Indonesia and South-East Asia
Authors: Atmakusuma Tubagus Djumhana
Published: January 2022

Background: People living with transfusion dependent thalassemia have high risk of getting infected by COVID-19. This can be caused by both several factors. Chronic complications of thalassemia also render them more vulnerable to infectious diseases, including COVID-19.  However, anecdotal data shows that Thalassemia patients less incidence of COVID-19 compared to the general population.

Patients and methods: This research used a cross sectional design. The study was conducted at the Division of Haematology and Medical Oncology of the Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in Jakarta from May 2020 – August 2021. Total sampling method was used involving all Thalassemia Major patients who had been infected with COVID-19 obtained directly from medical record and through the thalassemia patients-parents foundation

Results: From 10,397 patients with thalassemia, 72 (0.69%) people were infected by COVID-19 and 7 (9.7%) were deceased. Meanwhile, the incidence of COVID-19 in general population of Indonesia was 0.87%, more than in the thalassemia population. This means that thalassemia might provide protection against COVID-19 due to several mechanism.

Conclusion: Indonesia and other countries with high prevalence of thalassemia have lower COVID-19 incidence than countries with low prevalence of thalassemia. Thalassemia might have protective effect against COVID-19. Well designed studies are needed to provide better evidence on the protective effect of thalassemia on COVID-19.
Ancora su bioetica e biopolitica
Authors: Fiori Angelo
Published: January 2022

Non disponibile
Effect of Goal-Directed Intraoperative Fluid Therapy on Duration of Hospital Stay and Postoperative Complications in Patients Undergoing Excision of Large Supratentorial Tumors
Authors: Mishra Nitasha , Rath Girija P , Bithal Parmod K , Chaturvedi Arvind , Chandra P Sarat , Borkar Sachin A
Published: January 2022

Background:

Optimal fluid management during neurosurgery is controversial. Evidences suggest that goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) can improve postoperative outcome. This study aimed to assess the intraoperative use of GDFT on the duration of hospital stay and postoperative complications in patients undergoing craniotomy for large supratentorial tumors.

Materials and Methods:

Forty patients of 18–65 years age undergoing large supratentorial tumor surgery were prospectively randomized into two groups. Control-group received fluid regimen based on routine hemodynamic monitoring, whereas patients belonging to GDFT group received fluid based on stroke volume variation (SVV)-guided therapy. A colloid bolus of 250 ml 6% hydroxyl ethyl starch was given, if the SVV was more than 12% in the GDFT group. Hemodynamic parameters, such as blood pressure and heart rate, and dynamic parameters, such as cardiac index, stroke volume index, and SVV, were recorded at different time intervals.

Results:

The total amount of fluid required was significantly lower in GDFT (P = 0.003) group as compared to the Control group. Intraoperative complications were significantly lower in GDFT group (P = 0.005), but the incidence of tight brain was significantly higher in the control group. The duration of hospital stay (P = 0.07) and incidence of postoperative complications (P = 0.32) were lower in GDFT group. Neurological outcomes at-discharge were similar in both the groups.

Conclusions:

This study did not show any benefit of GDFT over conventional intraoperative fluid therapy in terms of incidence of postoperative complications, hospital and ICU stay, and Glasgow outcome scores at-discharge in patients undergoing craniotomy for excision of large supratentorial tumors. However, the use of GDFT leads to better perioperative fluid management and brain relaxation scores.

Clinical Trial Registry:

CTRI/2016/10/007350.
Invasive Papillary Carcinoma of the Breast – A Rare Case Report
Authors: Ingale Yaminy Pradeep , Buch Archana Chirag , Jose Merin , Bavikar Rupali Ramakant
Published: January 2022

Invasive papillary carcinoma (IPC) of the breast is a rare entity, comprising approximately <1%–2% of all breast cancers. It is most commonly seen in postmenopausal females and rarely seen in males. IPC is arising from the dilated duct or large duct. They are low-grade tumors microscopically consisting of well-circumscribed solid nodules of the neoplastic cells separated by fibrovascular cores. It has excellent prognosis, so exact diagnosis is necessary. We report a case of a 68-year-old postmenopausal female, who came with complaints of a lump in the left breast for the past 2 months, modified radical mastectomy was done, and the specimen was sent for histopathological examination. Immunohistochemistry was done estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor positive with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative. The case is presented due to its rarity.
Amount of Screen Time and Occurrence of Autistic-Like Symptoms in Toddlers in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Dikkala Vishnu Priya , Murthy P. S. , Prasad Raja Vikram , Sharma Venugopal , Chaudhury Suprakash
Published: January 2022

Background:

Currently due to the easy accessibility of virtual gadgets connected through the internet, there is a constant negative impact from on-screen media exposure, which is seen increasing among toddlers.

Aim:

This study aims to evaluate the impact of screen exposure on toddlers.

Materials and Methods:

A convenient sample of 80 toddlers aged between 9 and 36 months were enrolled for the study, conducted for 3 months after obtaining written informed assent from parent/primary caregiver. Prior I. E. C. clearance is obtained for the study. A sample of 80 toddlers who were exposed to screen and attended to constantly by a parent/primary caregiver were included in the study. All were assessed by a pretested questionnaire regarding screen media use and Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers Revised.

Results:

About 52.5% toddlers were male and 47.5% were female. Around 36.5% toddlers screen-viewed for only about 1–2 h/day. 53% of the toddlers with more than 4 h of screen time per day were at high risk for developing Autism. Thus, a statistically significant correlation (P = 0.001) was established between the duration of screen use and the score of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers-Revised scale, with increased screen time showing greater autistic-traits.

Conclusion:

Toddlers with high screen media use developed autistic-like traits that may even progress to Autism. Hence, it is advisable to educate the parents/primary caregiver regarding the hazardous effects of early exposure to screen use.