bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Interlinkages between the Twitter Uncertainty Index and the Green Bond Market: Evidence from the Covid-19 Pandemic and the Russian-Ukrainian Conflict
Authors: Polat Onur , Başar Berna Doğan , Ekşi İbrahim Halil
Published: June 2024

This study examines the time-varying connectedness between green bonds, Twitter-based uncertainty indices, and the S&P 500 Composite Index. We implement the time- and frequency-based connectedness methodologies and employ data between April 1, 2014 and April 21, 2023. Our findings suggest that (i) connectedness indices robustly capture prominent incidents during the episode; (ii) Twitter-based uncertainty indices are the highest transmitters of return shocks; (iii) net return spillovers transmitted by the S&P 500 Index sharply increased in 2020:1–2020:3, stemmed by the stock market crash in February 2020; and (iv) Twitter-based uncertainty indices showed significant net spillovers in July and November 2021.
Psychometric Properties of the Modified Parenting Attitudes Measure Among African American Adolescents in Public Housing
Authors: Villodas Melissa L. , Foell Andrew , Smith Lisa C. , Yu Mansoo , McCoy Henrika , Yang Yibin , Enelamah Ngozi V. , Lombe Margaret , Nebbitt Von
Published: June 2024

Valid and reliable measurements reflecting how perceived maternal and paternal parenting practices are similar, different, complementary, or additive in studying youth outcomes are critical for building knowledge on supportive parenting practices for African American youth living in public housing. We examined the psychometric properties of the Parental Attitudes Measure (PAM) which focuses on youths’ attitudes on parenting practices. Data was collected from the perspective of 660 African American youth living in urban public housing across three cities in the northeast and mid-Atlantic region in the United States. Youth reported on their attitudes about maternal and paternal caregivers. Reliability was determined using Cronbach alpha (α) for internal consistency. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to examine the dimensions and loading of the construct with this population. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) examined the validity of the measure using four goodness-of-fit indices. Pearson correlations were used to test construct validity among the sample and across parent status (birth or non-birth parent) and residence in the household. The EFA indicated a two-factor structure with strong reliability for both maternal (α = 0.86, 0.84) and paternal (α = 93, 0.92) encouragement and supervision. The CFA supported a 2-factor model for both maternal and paternal PAM. Findings demonstrate high internal consistency of the PAM for use in examining maternal and paternal attitudes among African American youth living in public housing, generally, as well as by gender and across cities. The measure had good construct validity with maternal caregivers but only partially with paternal caregivers.
Urban oasis? Abundant dice snake (Natrix tessellata) populations along artificial lakeside habitats in urban landscapes
Authors: Mészáros Boglárka , Bürgés József , Tamás Mónika , Gál Blanka , Schmera Dénes , Hamer Andrew J.
Published: June 2024

Context

Human-induced landscape modification, such as urbanization, creates new environments that can have adverse effects on flora and fauna, posing threats to biodiversity. Understanding how reptiles respond to urbanization is crucial, especially in light of their ongoing population declines.

Objectives

We examined the influence of landscape-scale and local-scale urbanization features on the abundance of an aquatic snake species. Our investigation focused on dice snakes (Natrix tessellata) inhabiting a lake with a heavily urbanized shoreline.

Methods

We conducted visual encounter surveys at 25 study sites during the activity period of dice snakes around Lake Balaton in Hungary. We measured both landscape-scale and local-scale variables, including urban land use cover, vegetation cover, road cover, distance of main roads and city size, emergent vegetation cover and the area of artificial rock and concrete shoreline protection structures. We analysed snake survey data using N-mixture models to estimate abundance and examine relationships with landscape-scale and local-scale variables.

Results

Urban land use cover, road cover, the proximity of main roads and the extent of artificial rock and concrete shoreline protection structures positively affected the abundance of snakes. These findings imply that urban habitats may offer new ecological opportunities for dice snakes.

Conclusions

The findings of this study indicate that both landscape-scale and local-scale human-induced landscape modifications may have a positive impact on the abundance of urban snakes. Taken together, our findings suggest that urbanization is a complex phenomenon, affecting species at different levels and with subtle effects.
Carnap’s Problem, Definability and Compositionality
Authors: del Valle-Inclán Pedro
Published: June 2024

In his Formalization of Logic (1943) Carnap pointed out that there are non-normal interpretations of classical logic: non-standard interpretations of the connectives and quantifiers that are consistent with the classical consequence relation of a language. Different ways around the problem have been proposed. In a recent paper, Bonnay and Westerståhl argue that the key to a solution is imposing restrictions on the type of interpretation we take into account. More precisely, they claim that if we restrict attention to interpretations that are (a) compositional, (b) non-trivial and (c) in the case of the quantifiers, invariant under permutations of the domain, Carnap’s Problem is avoided. This paper has two goals. The first is to show that Bonnay and Westerståhl’s solution to Carnap’s Problem doesn’t work. The second is to argue that something similar to their proposal seems to do the job. The problems with Bonnay and Westerståhl’s approach trace back to issues concerning the (un)definability of subsets of the domain of first-order structures, as well as to the compositionality of first-order languages. After expanding on these problems, I’ll propose a way to modify Bonnay and Westerståhl’s account and solve Carnap’s Problem.
Structural Dynamics of Inter-city Innovation Networks in China: A Perspective From TERGM
Authors: Zinilli Antonio , Gao Yujie , Scherngell Thomas
Published: June 2024

Innovation networks play a key role in advancing knowledge transfer, collaboration, and technological progress across sectors and regions. Central to the understanding of the mechanisms driving such networks is their dynamic evolution and structure. Much of the literature explores spatial and socio-economic drivers of innovation networks, focusing on geographic, institutional, and cultural influences. However, many of these studies tend to overlook the intricate properties that govern the behavior and dynamics of these networks. This study seeks to address this research gap, delving deeper by investigating Chinese intercity innovation networks between 2007 and 2018. Specifically, we examine: (i) the preferential attachment dynamics within intercity innovation networks, (ii) transitivity effects that underscore the interconnectedness of these networks, and (iii) the persistence and recurrence of connections. We find that cities show indeed a remarkable tendency to form ties with others that already have numerous connections. Such transitivity effects are important in highlighting the formation of innovation clusters. Moreover, the influence of link memory suggests that past collaborations significantly determine future partnerships, similar to the persistent nature of relationships in agglomeration theories.
Examining the developmental trade-off between phonology and morphology in Hebrew reading acquisition
Authors: Yinon Rotem , Shaul Shelley
Published: June 2024

The relative importance of phonological versus morphological processes in reading varies depending on the writing system's orthographic consistency and morphological complexity. This study investigated the interplay between phonology and morphology in Hebrew reading acquisition, a language offering a unique opportunity for such examination with its rich, complex Semitic morphological system and dual writing versions differing in orthographic consistency—transparent-pointed and deep-unpointed versions. Ninety-eight second graders and 81 fourth graders participated in pseudoword-reading tasks designed to distinguish between the different processes: pointed morphologically based pseudowords (pointed MPW), reflecting phonological and morphological processing; unpointed morphologically based pseudowords (unpointed MPW), reflecting only morphological processing; and pointed non-words (pointed NW), with no internal morphological structure, reflecting only phonological processing. Real pointed-word reading accuracy and fluency were also assessed. Results showed the highest accuracy in reading unpointed MPW, with a similar accuracy level observed between unpointed MPW and pointed MPW in second grade, while a significant difference emerged in fourth grade. An age-by-processing type interaction revealed decreasing accuracy in pointed MPW and increasing accuracy in unpointed MPW with age. Additionally, morphological processing significantly enhanced the accuracy and fluency of reading pointed words beyond phonological processing, despite the comprehensive phonological information provided by the transparent, pointed script. These findings suggest that the contribution of morphology exceeds that of phonology as early as second grade, with this trend strengthening through fourth grade, emphasizing children's early prioritization of morphological transparency over orthographic consistency in learning to read Hebrew Semitic orthography.
Epidemiology of marine turtle fibropapillomatosis and tumour-associated chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 (ChHV5; Scutavirus chelonidalpha5) in North-Western Mexico: a scoping review implementing the one health approach
Authors: Espinoza Joelly , Alfaro-Núñez Alonzo , Cedillo-Peláez Carlos , Fernández-Sanz Helena , Mancini Agnese , Zavala-Norzagaray Alan A. , Ley-Quiñonez Cesar Paul , López Erika Santacruz , Garcia-Bereguiain Miguel Angel , Alonso Aguirre A. , Reséndiz Eduardo
Published: June 2024

Fibropapillomatosis (FP) - tumour-associated chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 (ChHV5; Scutavirus chelonidalpha5) - is a disease that affect marine turtles around the world, and characterized by the formation of cutaneous tumours that can appear anywhere on the body. We carried out a thorough literature search (from 1990 to 2024) in the feeding sites of North-western Mexico, a region that hosts important habitats for feeding, development, and reproduction for five of the seven existing sea turtle species. We found 18 reports recording a total of 32 cases of FP and/or ChHV5/Scutavirus chelonidalpha5 in coastal and insular areas of North-western Mexico. Baja California Sur resulted with the highest number of cases (75%). While the first case of ChHV5/Scutavirus chelonidalpha5 infection was reported in 2004, the presence of FP tumours was reported in 2014 and became more frequent between 2019 and 2024. The affected species were black, Chelonia mydas (50%), olive ridley, Lepidochelys olivacea (46.8%) and loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (3.2%). Tumours occurred mainly in anterior flippers (46.1%) and neck (22.5%), and most had a nodular and verrucous appearance with a rough surface. In the study region, there is a potential sign of the emergence of the ChHV5/Scutavirus chelonidalpha5 infections and FP disease during the last 20 years, with a rapid increase during the last 10 years. As long as infections by ChHV5/Scutavirus chelonidalpha5 and the prevalence of the FP disease may be potentially influenced by anthropogenic activities, a One Health approach is needed to understand and improve sea turtles’ health.
Extracellular phospholipase production by Malassezia pachydermatis strains and its inhibition by selected antimycotics and plant essential oil components
Authors: Čonková Eva , Váczi Peter , Malinovská Zuzana
Published: June 2024

Extracellular phospholipase (EPL) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the yeast Malassezia pachydermatis. Currently, the attention of researchers is focused on studying the virulence factors involved in this process and searching solutions to reduce their activity. One of the options is the use of natural remedies as anti-virulence agents. This study is aimed at investigating the production of extracellular phospholipase in M. pachydermatis strains (18 samples) and followed by the time-dependent inhibitory effect of selected azole antifungals (itraconazole, posaconazole and voriconazole) and plant essential oil components (terpinen-4-ol, thymol, carvacrol, eugenol and geraniol), evaluated by Egg Yolk Agar plate method. Almost all strains (17 isolates, (94.4%) were found to be intense EPL producers. A significant, time-dependent inhibition of EPL was noted after 1-, 3- and 6-h exposure of Malassezia cells to itraconazole (26.4%, 47.2% and 50.9%, respectively) compared to exposure to posaconazole (26.4%, 28.3% and 28.3%, respectively) and voriconazole (18.8%, 20.8% and 35.8%, respectively). After one-hour exposure to plant essential oil components, the best inhibitory effect was recorded for eugenol (62.3%), followed by terpinen-4-ol and thymol (56.6%), geraniol (41.5%) and carvacrol (26.4%). A 3-h exposure revealed that thymol retained the best inhibitory effect (88.7%) on EPL production, followed by carvacrol (73.6%), eugenol (56.6%), terpinen-4-ol (52.8%) and geraniol (49.1%). After 6-h exposure, no growth of M. pachydermatis strains exposed to carvacrol was observed, and the inhibitory efficiency for the other tested essential oil (EO) components achieved 88.7%. The obtained results indicate the promising efficacy of plant essential oils components in the inhibition of virulence factors such as EPL production.
Effects of endurance training on thyroid response in pre- and postmenopausal women
Authors: Hanke L. , Hofmann K. , Krüger A. L. , Hoewekamp L. , Wellberich J. M. , Koper B. , Diel P.
Published: June 2024

Purpose

Age-related changes in thyroid function are well-investigated. Likewise, influences of physical activity on the thyroid gland could be determined. Studies that investigated the influence of (endurance) training on thyroid function in postmenopausal women do not exist. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate age-related changes in thyroid function during acute endurance training and through an exercise intervention in postmenopausal women and to identify differences to premenopausal women.

Methods

12 pre- and 12 postmenopausal women were included. In all subjects, height, weight, and body composition were assessed. TSH, fT4, and fT3 were assessed at 9:00 am and 9:40 am at rest and after an acute endurance exercise. Subsequently the postmenopausal women conducted a six-week walking intervention and repeated the tests.

Results

Weight, BMI, and muscle mass were significantly lower and fat mass significantly higher in postmenopausal women (p < 0.05). Fat mass decreased and muscle mass increased (p < 0.05) in postmenopausal women after intervention. An elevated TSH response was found significantly in premenopausal women (p = 0.028) and non-significantly in postmenopausal women (p = 0.135) after acute exercise. There were no changes in fT3 and fT4 in both groups. After intervention, postmenopausal women showed a significant reduction in fT3 response (p =0.015) and a non-significant reduction of TSH response (p = 0.432).

Conclusion

This study provides evidence that both pre- and postmenopausal women respond with thyroid stimulation to acute endurance training. Furthermore, this study provides preliminary evidence that an endurance training intervention can reduce thyroid response after acute endurance exercise in postmenopausal women.
Unexpected change in hydrogel spacer volume during external-beam radiation therapy
Authors: Ishibashi Naoya , Hata Masaharu , Fujikawa Atsushi , Mochizuki Takao , Maebayashi Toshiya , Okada Masahiro
Published: June 2024

Purpose

To reduce the rectal radiation dose during local radiation therapy of prostate cancer, a hydrogel spacer is typically implanted between the prostate and rectum. However, the spacer volume can change during external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). Therefore, we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine changes in the spacer volume during EBRT and analyzed the data to identify patient factors influencing this change.

Materials and methods

A hydrogel spacer was implanted in each enrolled patient diagnosed with prostate cancer (n = 22, age = 69–86 years) for EBRT with a total dose of 70 Gy over 35 fractions. T2-weighted MRI images were acquired before (median = 8 days) and during EBRT, when the radiation dose of 48 Gy (median) was given at 55 days (median) after implantation. MRI images were used to determine the spacer volume as well as the maximum and minimum distances between the prostate and anterior wall of the rectum at the middle height of the prostate. Scatterplots were created to determine whether correlations existed between changes in the spacer volume and these two distances, while uni- and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine if the spacer volume change was influenced by the following patient factors: age, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and visceral fat areas at the umbilical and femoral head positions.

Results

The spacer volume increased in all 22 patients, with the smaller spacer volume before EBRT increasing by a larger amount during EBRT. This increase in the spacer volume was unaffected by other patient factors. However, it correlated with the change in the maximum distance between the prostate and anterior wall of the rectum.

Conclusion

To avoid adverse changes in the rectal radiation dose during EBRT, hydrogel spacer volume should be monitored, especially if the pre-EBRT volume is small.
Backbone and methyl side-chain resonance assignments of the Fab fragment of adalimumab
Authors: Sarker Muzaddid , Aubin Yves
Published: June 2024

Adalimumab is a therapeutic monoclonal antibody developed to target human TNF an important mediator of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, amongst others. The 48 kDa Fab fragment of adalimumab was produced in Escherichia coli using a single chain approach to allow complete isotopic incorporation of deuterium, carbon-13 and nitrogen-15 along with the protonated isoleucine-d, valine and leucine methyl groups. Here we report the near complete resonance assignment of the polypeptide backbone and the methyl groups of isoleucine, leucine and valine residues.
Contextual similarities in psychological flexibility: the Brazil-Portugal transcultural adaptation of Psy-Flex
Authors: Neto David D. , Mouadeb Daniella , Lemos Nanci , da Silva Ana Nunes , Gloster Andrew T. , Perez William F.
Published: June 2024

Psychological Flexibility is an essential concept in Contextual Behavioural Sciences. The development of instruments is vital for its study, and it is an opportunity to reflect on this concept. Among the measures of this construct, Psy-Flex shows promise due to comprehensiveness in assessing the six facets of psychological flexibility and its pragmatic value. In the present study, we sought to translate Psy-Flex to Portuguese and adapt it transculturally for use in Portugal and Brazil. The translation was done independently by Brazilian and Portuguese researchers, and a consensus procedure was done to identify a synthesis. A total of 873 adults from Portugal and Brazil were involved in this study. The participants completed several questionnaires with ACT-related measures (e.g., cognitive fusion, mindful attention) and instruments measuring conceptually related variables (e.g., positive mental health). The results show good psychometric properties of PsyFlex. The one-factor structure of the original instrument was confirmed in both the Portuguese and Brazilian samples. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a good fit of the model to the data (CFI = 0.985, RMSEA = 0.055) of both countries. Furthermore, the Psy-Flex showed convergent validity with related measures in a conceptually expected way. As a transcultural instrument, we argue that both the similarities and differences across samples suggest the broad human nature of psychological flexibility while retaining its context sensitivity.
Effect of purpose-based career coaching on career decision-making
Authors: Otu Mkpoikanke Sunday
Published: June 2024

To enhance coaching experiences in career development, diverse approaches must be developed and tested. This study’s objective was to determine the effectiveness of a purpose-based career coaching framework on career decision-making difficulties. In this study, randomized experimental conditions and interviews were combined. A theoretical sampling procedure was used for a period of two years to generate samples for the study. A total of 187 youths were recruited, but 78 did not meet the study criteria, while 29 declined to take part. A sample of 80 youths met the study criteria and completed all phases of the study. Twelve one-to-one sessions, aligning with the Pb-CC framework, covered core techniques such as reimagining, spiritualizing, self-discovery, career exploration, identifying, and matching. Qualitative data was collected using a researcher-developed interview protocol, consisting of three open-ended questions such as: “How would you describe the meaning or purpose of your life?; What is the category of career that relates to your purpose?; and What do you believe about purpose and career?” In addition, Career Decision-Making Scale (CDDS) was used to collect data. Quantitative data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance, while qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis, which includes the organization of data, the identification and development of themes, the saturation of themes, and the presentation of themes. At the end of the intervention, participants successfully identified their purpose and skillfully matched it with suitable careers. The effect of purpose-based career coaching has been found to be significant on career decision making. These findings bear practical significance for career counselling, policy implementation, industrialization, research and career development.
Verständnis der mikrobiellen Interaktionen beim Abbau von Polysacchariden
Authors: D’Souza Glen
Published: June 2024

Polysaccharides are the dominant stocks of bioavailable carbon on the planet. While much progress has been made in understanding the enzymatic mechanisms of polysaccharide breakdown by microbes, the role of cell-cell interactions in enabling microbes to breakdown complex polysaccharides is less understood. Leveraging microfluidics coupled to automated microscopy allows an understanding the role of cell-cell interactions in polysaccharide degradation by microbes.
Provenance analysis of red sandstone ground stone tools from the tell site of Hódmezővásárhely-Gorzsa (SE Hungary)
Authors: Miklós Dóra Georgina , Józsa Sándor , Kasztovszky Zsolt , Harsányi Ildikó , Gméling Katalin , Kovács Zoltán , Starnini Elisabetta , Horváth Ferenc , Szakmány György
Published: June 2024

Hódmezővásárhely–Gorzsa is a multi-period tell settlement in South Hungary in the centre of the Great Hungarian Plain, about 15 km southwest of the city of Hódmezővásárhely. The thickest section of the settlement belongs to the Late Neolithic Tisza Culture period. In total, 1061 macrolithic artefacts were unearthed, a quarter of which was polished, and three quarter of which were ground stone tools. Half of the ground stones were made of different types of sandstone, including (1) red-, (2) grey micaceous-, (3) calcareous-, (4) white meta sandstones, and (5) other sandstones and metasandstones were identified. The red sandstones are further categorised into four subgroups based on optical microscopy. This examination is the first systematic multi-analytical investigation (i.e. optical microscopy, whole-rock geochemistry and mineral chemistry), carried out on these ground stone tool types. The goal is to identify and precisely locate the raw material types, in which heavy minerals and the tourmaline mineral chemistry play the key role. To determine the provenance of each of these subgroups, samples were collected from seven geological localities (i.e. primary outcrops and secondary presences, such as river drainages or terraces) for a comparative study. Based on our results, the alluvium of the Maros River can be considered as a possible source for the ‘Red – 3’ type of Gorzsa, while the results for the rest red sandstone types (‘Red – 1’, ‘Red − 2’ and ‘Red – 4’) are inconclusive in terms of provenance.
Differentials, barriers and enablers of death registration in Nepal: evidence from the Civil Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS) survey
Authors: Pandey Surender Prasad , Chowdhury Hafizur Rahman , Adair Tim
Published: June 2024

Death registration in Nepal is incomplete, which limits its utility as a routine source of mortality data to inform policy development. This study uses data from the Civil Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS) Survey 2015/16 in Nepal conducted among households and CRVS service providers (local registrars) to assess the likelihood of death registration, using logistic regression with covariates of socio-economic, demographic and geographic characteristics. Respondents’ main reasons for registration and non-registration of deaths and ways to improve the CRVS system are also analysed. Death registration (70%) was more likely where the decedent was male (77%) versus female (60%), older aged (45 years and above 70%) versus young aged (0–14 years 26%) or died of injuries (more than 70%) compared with maternal causes (12%), where the household head’s education was higher and where the household haf more communication facilities. There were also large differences death registration by province and for certain ethnic groups. The main reasons for death registration were to transfer property entitlements, access social security or for other legal processes (a combined 85% of registered deaths). The major reason for non-registration of deaths according to most households (72%) and service providers (70%) was that it was not necessary. Both households and service providers stated that registration would be made more convenient by arranging mobile teams for registration, allowing registration at place of occurrence, and promoting online registration. The barriers and enablers identified in this study are valuable evidence to inform CRVS strengthening efforts in Nepal and other countries facing a similar challenge of incomplete death registration.
Stochastic bulk density in the fire spread model
Authors: Sohaly M. A. , Mosaad Am. , El-Metwally H.
Published: June 2024

In this study, we investigate the impact of inherent randomness on fire spread rates, with a particular focus on the stochastic parameter ε, representing the ratio of effective to actual fuel bulk density. By employing various probability distributions, such as the beta random distribution model ε, we explore the complex interplay between wind and slope factors in determining fire behavior. Our 3D visualizations and density plots illuminate the multidimensional nature of fire spread, emphasizing the significant role of stochastic variability in enhancing the accuracy of fire behavior models. This approach not only deepens our theoretical understanding but also provides valuable insights for improving fire management strategies.
Valorisation of Metallurgical Waste for Inorganic Pigments Production
Authors: Paz-Gómez D. C. , Vilarinho I. S. , Carvalheiras J. , Pérez-Moreno S. M. , Seabra Maria P. , Labrincha João A. , Bolívar J. P.
Published: June 2024

Four industrial wastes, namely, tionite (T), iron grit (IG), electroplating sludge (ES), and mill scale (MS), are typically disposed of in controlled hazardous landfills because of their toxic content, posing potential harm to human health and to the environment. At the same time, the chemical composition of these wastes, specifically the nature and content of transition metals, makes them potentially attractive for reuse in pigments manufacturing. This work details the study of these residues for producing coloured perovskites to be tested as inorganic pigments. The residues were mixed, in different proportions, and subsequently calcined to produce the required structures. The colouring potential was then assessed in a ceramic paste and in a transparent glaze. Leaching tests were carried out to verify the effective immobilisation of the hazardous species. Dark pigments were successfully obtained from the mixtures of T: ES: Co3O4, T: MS and T: IG. The crystalline phases present in T: ES: Co3O4 are nickel–chromium iron oxide spinel–Fe1.5Cr0.5NiO4 (without Co) or trevorite–Fe2NiO4 (with Co), titanium nickel oxide–TiNiO3 and titanite–CaTiSiO5. The mixtures T: MS and T: IG presented hematite (Fe2O3) and pseudobrookite (Fe2TiO5). Leaching tests confirmed the non-hazardous or inert character of the synthesized pigments. Products showed brownish or greyish hues, depending on the pigment added. T:75ES_1100, T:73ES:2Co_1100, T:75MS_1000, T:75MS_1100 and T:75IG_1000 pigments can effectively and safely be used to colour ceramic paste replacing partially or totally the commercial pigments.
Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of integrator complex subunits: expression patterns, immune infiltration, and prognostic signature, validated through experimental approaches in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xu Yifei , Liao Wenlian , Wang Ting , Zhang Liwei , Zhang Hui
Published: June 2024

Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common gastrointestinal malignancy with a high incidence and poor prognosis. The subunits of the integrator complex (INTS1-14) play a crucial role in regulating genes dependent on RNA Polymerase II, which may be associated with cancer. However, the role of INTSs in HCC remains unclear. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the clinical value and potential role of INTS family genes in HCC through systematic bioinformatics analysis.

Methods

We employed various public databases, including UALCAN, HPA, Kaplan–Meier Plotter, GEPIA2, TNMplot, STRING, TIMER, and TISIDB, to investigate the expression levels, clinicopathological correlations, diagnostic and prognostic value, genetic alterations, co-expression network, molecular targets, and immune infiltration of INTSs in HCC. Additionally, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were utilized to investigate the biological functions of genes associated with INTSs. Furthermore, Western blot, real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and immunohistochemistry techniques were employed to assess the expression of relevant proteins and genes. The proliferation of HCC cells was evaluated using the CCK8 assay.

Results

We found that in HCC, there was a significant upregulation of INTSs at the transcriptional level, particularly INTS1, INTS4, INTS7, and INTS8. Additionally, the protein levels of INTS1 and INTS8 were notably elevated. The overexpression of these INTSs was strongly correlated with tumor stages in HCC patients. INTS1, INTS4, INTS7, and INTS8 exhibited significant diagnostic and prognostic value in HCC. Moreover, their expression was associated with immune infiltrations and activated status, including B cells, CD8 + T cells, CD4 + T cells, NK cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Functional predictions indicated that INTS1, INTS4, INTS7, and INTS8 were involved in various cancer-related signaling pathways, such as TRAIL, IFN-gamma, mTOR, CDC42, Apoptosis, and the p53 pathway. Furthermore, we observed a significant upregulation of INTS1, INTS4, INTS7, and INTS8 expression in HCC cell lines compared to normal liver cell lines. The level of INTS1 protein was higher in cancerous tissues compared to adjacent non-cancerous tissues (n = 16), and the suppression of INTS1 resulted in a significant decrease in the proliferation of Huh7 cells.

Conclusion

These findings indicate the potential of INTS family genes as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in HCC. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and explore clinical applications.
The long-term follow-up of the living liver donors
Authors: De Carlis Riccardo , Di Lucca Gabriele , Lauterio Andrea , Centonze Leonardo , De Carlis Luciano
Published: June 2024

Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has been proposed in many countries to reduce organ shortage. While the early postoperative outcomes have been well investigated, little is known about the long-term follow-up of the living donors. We, therefore, designed a systematic review of the literature to explore long-term complications and quality of life among living donors. We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE registries for studies published since 2013 that specifically addressed long-term follow-up following living-donor liver donation, concerning both physical and psychological aspects. Publications with a follow-up shorter than 1 year or that did not clearly state the timing of outcomes were excluded. A total of 2505 papers were initially identified. After a thorough selection, 17 articles were identified as meeting the eligibility criteria. The selected articles were mostly from North America and Eastern countries. Follow-up periods ranged from 1 to 11.5 years. The most common complications were incision site discomfort (13.2–38.8%) and psychiatric disorders (1–22%). Biliary strictures occurred in 1–14% of cases. Minimally invasive donor hepatectomy could improve quality of life, but long-term data are limited. About 30 years after the first reported LDLT, little has been published about the long-term follow-up of the living donors. Different factors may contribute to this gap, including the fact that, as healthy individuals, living donors are frequently lost during mid-term follow-up. Although the reported studies seem to confirm long-term donor safety, further research is needed to address the real-life long-term impact of this procedure.

Graphical abstract
Transcript level of telomerase reverse-transcriptase (TERT) gene in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) eggs with different developmental competence for gynogenesis
Authors: Ocalewicz Konrad , Kuciński Marcin , Jasielczuk Igor , Gurgul Artur , Kucharski Mirosław , Dobosz Stefan
Published: June 2024

Expression of the telomerase reverse-transcriptase (TERT) gene and activity of telomerase have been reported in the somatic tissues and gonads in fish irrespective of their age and size. Nevertheless, little is known about TERT expression in the fish eggs. In the current study, the presence of the TERT transcripts was confirmed in the rainbow trout ovulated eggs before and after activation with nonirradiated and UV-irradiated (gynogenesis) sperm. Eggs originating from eight females had high and comparable quality expressed by similar hatching rates. However, survival of the gynogenetic larvae that hatched from eggs activated with UV-irradiated sperm and further exposed to the high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) shock for duplication of the maternal chromosomes varied between females from 2.1 ± 0.4 to 40.5 ± 2.2%. Increased level of TERT transcripts was observed in eggs originating from two females, and gametes from only one of them showed improved competence for gynogenesis (27.3 ± 1.9%). In turn, eggs from the female that exhibited the highest survival after gynogenetic activation were characterized by the lowest expression of the TERT gene. Telomerase in rainbow trout eggs may compensate erosion of the telomeres during early embryonic development; however, its upregulation does not assure better development after gynogenetic activation.
Comparative review on the application of smart material in additive manufacturing: 3D and 4D printing
Authors: Gobena Shimelis Tamene , Woldeyohannes Abraham Debebe
Published: June 2024

Additive manufacturing (AM), commonly known as 3D printing, has garnered significant attention across various industries for its flexibility and simplicity in fabrication. This review explores the evolution of AM technologies, encompassing rapid prototyping and 3D printing, which have revolutionized conventional manufacturing processes. The paper discusses the transition from rapid prototyping to AM and highlights its role in creating fully customized products, optimizing topologies, and fabricating complex designs, especially in the aerospace, medical, automotive, defense energy and food industries. The study delves into the fundamental principles of 3D and 4D printing technologies, detailing their processes, materials, and applications. It provides an overview of the various AM techniques, such as Vat photopolymerization, powder bed fusion, material extrusion, and directed energy deposition, shedding light on their classifications and applications. Furthermore, the paper explores the emergence of 4D printing, which introduces an additional dimension of “time” to enable dynamic changes in printed structures. The role of AM in different industries, including aerospace, medical, automotive, energy, and Industry 4.0, is thoroughly examined. The aerospace sector benefits from AM's ability to reduce production costs and lead times, while the medical field leverages bioprinting for synthetic organ fabrication and surgical equipment development. Similarly, AM enhances flexibility and customization in automotive manufacturing, energy production, and Industry 4.0 initiatives Overall, this review provides insights into the growing significance of AM technologies and their transformative impact on various industries. It underscores the potential of 3D and 4D printing to drive innovation, optimize production processes, and meet the evolving demands of modern manufacturing.
Clustering the Research at the Intersection of Industry 4.0 Technologies, Environmental Sustainability and Circular Economy: Evidence from Literature and Future Research Directions
Authors: Das Suman Kumar , Bressanelli Gianmarco , Saccani Nicola
Published: June 2024

Digital technologies may enable the adoption of Circular Economy models in production and consumption processes, thereby promoting environmental sustainability. Literature on these topics has grown exponentially over the last decades, focusing on the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies and its implications for environmental sustainability or circularity. However, extant literature reviews failed to cover the vast amount of literature produced, since they either have a narrow scope or focus on a limited sample of articles. To fill this gap, a bibliometric literature review was carried out on a sample of 1002 scientific articles on Circular Economy, Industry 4.0 technologies, and environmental sustainability. Descriptive statistics are coupled with a cluster-based analysis to provide a comprehensive coverage of the broader subject matter. Eight research clusters have been identified, with two general clusters (linkages between Industry 4.0, Circular Economy, environmental sustainability) and six topic-specific clusters (Big Data analytics for supply chain circularity, circular and sustainable additive manufacturing, urban sustainability, sustainable circular and digital (re)manufacturing, blockchain and data integration for a sustainable Circular Economy, miscellaneous and sectorial applications). Clusters are discussed in terms of research themes, methodologies, technologies, and circular strategies. Finally, a research agenda is drafted, pointing out six cluster-specific and four more transversal research directions. Hence, this research offers a detailed and quantitative overview of the research landscape, helping researchers and managers in understanding past contributions, assessing current standings, and identifying future directions of the research at the intersection of Industry 4.0 technologies, environmental sustainability, and Circular Economy.
COVID-19 stress, Facebook use intensity and coping strategies of Filipino students: an analysis of data collected during a pandemic
Authors: Balberan Jaren C. , Bengwasan Peejay D.
Published: June 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with significant levels of stress worldwide. For students, certain levels of distress due to the uncertainties of the pandemic, leading to the use of online resources and social media for information, entertainment and social connection. As there is evidence that show both positive and detrimental effects of social media, clarifying its relationship with COVID-19 stress is essential. Furthermore, coping styles, which incorporate the means by which individuals respond to stress, may alter such a relationship given the plethora of reasons of using social media intensely. Hence, this study explored the relationship between COVID-19 stress and Facebook use intensity among college students in relation to the Differential Susceptibility to Media Effects Model (Valkenburg and Peter in J Commun 63(2):221 243, 2013). The regression analysis of responses from 220 college students indicated a strong positive relationship. Furthermore, a moderation analysis showed that Approach and Avoidant coping styles, when taken on their own, do not significantly moderate the relationship. However, the interaction of both coping styles significantly moderates the relationship of COVID-19 Stress and Facebook intensity. This confirms the contention that since social media use is highly subjective on an individual’s motives, coping through social media use also involves a combination of different types of coping.
Quality improvement interventions targeting immunization data from urban lower-level private-for-profit health service providers in Kampala Capital City: processes and implementation experiences
Authors: Ssegujja Eric , Kiggundu Paul , Kayemba Yahayah , Karen Sarah Zalwango , Rutebemberwa Elizeus
Published: June 2024

Background

Lower-level private-for-profit urban immunization service providers contribute immensely to service delivery and data generation which informs evidence-based planning for the delivery of equitable immunization services within the urban context. And yet, current efforts tend to over-concentrate on supporting the public health sector. We conducted this implementation research study in a bid to contribute to improvements in the accuracy and timeliness of immunization service data among lower-level private-for-profit immunization service providers within Kampala Capital City of Uganda.

Methods

A quasi-experimental design was adopted with a participatory process leading to the identification of two poor-performing city divisions where the intervention was implemented. Forty private health facilities participated in the implementation research with 20 assigned to the intervention while the other 20 were assigned to the control. Performance measurements were assessed at baseline and end-line to compare outcomes between the intervention and control groups.

Results

Through a theory-driven design with the COM-B as the guiding model, the behavioural change intervention functions targeted to cause the desired change leading to improvements in data quality among private providers were; (1) training, (2) modelling, (3) persuasion, (4) education, (5) environmental restructuring, (6) enablement and (7) coercion. In combination, they were primed to contribute to improvements in skills and approaches to data handling while maintaining of a close oversight function.

Conclusions

The applied intervention components were preferred for their contextual applicability within the urban private immunization service delivery settings with a likelihood of sustaining the gains for some time.
A new strategy for fabricating low haze p-type CuI film
Authors: Sun Hui , You Rui-Song , Wang Yi-Chen , Luo Shu-Lin , Wang Wan-Xia
Published: June 2024

As an intrinsic p-type transparent conductor with a wide band gap of 3.1 eV, γ-CuI full of potential has gradually attracted the attention of researchers. However, γ-CuI films deposited by various techniques generally exhibit high haze with a frosted glass-like appearance, which significantly affects the device performance. Herein, a new strategy is proposed in which true p-type CuI thin films with low haze have been successfully synthesised at room temperature. The specular transmittance of the CuI film over 85% in the visible region (400–800 nm) can be achieved. The haze of the as-prepared γ-CuI films can be as low as 0.7%. Meanwhile, the as-prepared CuI film has an FOM as high as 230 MΩ−1. This ideal stable p-type optoelectronic performance was significant among various typical p-type transparent conductive films.
Trajectories of Young People’s Cannabis Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany
Authors: Kleine Ronja , Hansen Julia , Nees Frauke , Hanewinkel Reiner
Published: June 2024

Abstract: Objectives: This analysis aims to examine different trajectories of cannabis use within adolescents and young adults in Germany before and during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between January and Mid-February 2022 with 16,765 German youths aged 14 to 21 years (51.4 % female). Group-based trajectory modelling based on retrospective data on cannabis use before and during different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic was calculated with subsequent multinomial analysis predicting trajectory group membership by sociodemographic variables, sensation seeking and experienced pandemic related burdens. Results: Five different trajectory groups of cannabis users were observed: rare cannabis users (53 %), increasing cannabis users, rare pre-pandemic use (22 %), increasing cannabis users, moderate pre-pandemic use (12 %), decreasing cannabis users (8 %), and (nearly) daily cannabis users (6 %). Individuals with older age, male gender, higher sensation seeking, lower education, and a higher pandemic-related burden were significantly more likely to report a more frequent/heavy cannabis use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: The large proportion of youths with an increased cannabis use during the COVID-19 pandemic shows need for low threshold help offers, and cannabis prevention programs. Due to the study design, one should be careful with causal interpretations.
When a Plateau Suppresses a Plume: Disappearance of the Samoan Plume Under the Ontong Java Plateau
Authors: Jackson M. G. , Finlayson V. A. , Steinberger Bernhard , Konrad Kevin
Published: June 2024

The Samoan hotspot generated an age‐progressive volcanic track that can be traced back to 24 Ma at Alexa Bank, but the trace of the older portion (>24 Ma) of the hotspot track is unclear. We show that six seamounts located in and around the Magellan Seamount chain—north of the Ontong‐Java Plateau (OJP)—have ages (87–106 Ma), geochemistry, and locations consistent with absolute plate motion model reconstructions of the Samoan hotspot track in the late Cretaceous, and three additional seamounts have geochemistry and locations consistent with a Samoan origin. However, a large segment of the Samoan hotspot (24–87 Ma) remains unidentified. Absolute plate motion models show that, from ∼60 to 30 Ma, the OJP passed over the Samoan plume. The exceptional thickness of the OJP lithosphere may have largely suppressed Samoan plume melting because the inferred volcanic trace of the Samoan hotspot wanes, and then disappears, on the OJP. Fortunately, 44 Ma volcanism at Malaita Island, located on the southern margin of the OJP, has a location, age, and geochemistry consistent with a Samoan plume origin, and provides a “missing link” bridging the younger and older segments of the Samoan hotspot. Our synthesis of geochemical, geochronological, and plate motion model evidence reveals that Samoa exhibits a clear hotspot age progression for over 100 Myr. Passage of ancient plateaus over young plumes—here called “plume‐plateau” interaction—may be relatively common: the OJP also passed over the putative Rarotonga hotspot, and the Society and Pitcairn hotspots were overtopped by the Manihiki Plateau.