bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Congenital Giant Simple Symptomatic Renal Cyst in a Child - Rare Pathology - Ultrasonography and CT Evaluation - A Case Report
Authors: Pandey Shivesh , Phatak SureshVasant , Bhansali Pratik , Raj Nishant , Unadkat Bhavik
Published: August 2021

Simple renal cyst (SRC) is uncommon paediatric pathology. It's spherical, round to oval. Perceptible wall, anechoic, without septa, and cyst is separated from the collecting system, and the cyst has no colour Doppler flow. They may be as small as a pea or as large as a golf ball. Simple renal cysts are filled with serous fluid and have a simple epithelial covering. They are less common in children with incidences of less than 0.5 percent, while adults have incidence of more than 10 %, and more than 30 % in adults aged 70 and older. The exact mechanism by which renal cysts form is unknown. There are a few theories of how the disease develops. The causative factor, according to one hypothesis, is a focal ischemia in a renal tubule that causes localised obstruction. According to another hypothesis, renal cysts are caused by calyceal diverticula that have lost contact with the adjacent calyx.1 Because of the increased use of ultrasound screening (USS), more children are being diagnosed with renal cysts. Asymptomatic and symptomatic cysts (abdominal pain, hematuria, etc.) are distinguished, but mostly asymptomatic cysts develop slowly, though complications such as bleeding, infection, or rupture may occur, particularly in younger children.2 Chronic kidney disease (CKD), polycystic kidney disease, malignant transformation, and symptomatic enlargement have all been identified in paediatric patients with renal cysts. The vast majority of renal cysts, fortunately, do not develop and remain largely unchanged over time. In cases of asymptomatic simple renal cysts in infants, a conservative management approach is used. Recent research supports the use of an ultrasound-based (US) adapted Bosniak classification system to classify renal cysts in children. This would result in lower rates of surgical treatments for benign lesions, as well as less ionising radiation from needless computed tomography (CT) scans. It would also mean less extended monitoring and associated morbidity.
Ansiedade em Atletas Profissionais: um estudo de revisão / Anxiety in Professional Athletes: a review study
Authors: Rodrigues Júlio César , Benante Fabricio , Agostini Lucas , Fabrizzi Fernando
Published: August 2021

O presente estudo trata-se de uma revisão integrativa que teve como objetivo verificar o que foi publicado nas revistas eletrônicas das áreas da educação física, esporte e psicologia acerca da ansiedade em atletas profissionais entre os anos de 2015 e o primeiro semestre de 2020. Os resultados apontam que a ansiedade afeta os atletas independente da modalidade esportiva, gênero, faixa etária e tempo de prática. Sugere-se que mais pesquisas sejam realizadas dentro desta temática, porém, com o intuito de apontar as estratégias e intervenções a fim de diminuir tais percepções, pois assim, os profissionais que atuam no esporte de rendimento terão acesso a mais conhecimentos sobre a maneira em que a ansiedade interfere na performance dos atletas para que, partindo desses conhecimentos, saibam intervir em situações adversas do contexto esportivo.
Diagnóstico de Sars-Cov-2 em animais, com ênfase no gato doméstico (Felis catus) / Diagnosis of Sars-Cov-2 in animals, with emphasis on the domestic cat (Felis catus)
Authors: Andrade Jeane Ferreira de , Cruz Isabelle Rodrigues de Lima , Sampaio Filipa Maria Soares de , Pessôa Williana Bezerra Oliveira , Silva Metton Ribeiro Lopes e , Gadelha Maria do Socorro Vieira
Published: August 2021

Atualmente compreende-se os coronavírus como importantes agentes virais causadores de infecções em animais e humanos, sendo de interesse da saúde única. Realizou-se uma revisão de literatura acerca da infecção do SARS- CoV-2, analisando brevemente evidências desse agente patógeno em felinos domésticos, suas implicações na saúde única e as provas de diagnóstico em animais. Verificou-se que o coronavírus felino (FCoV), causador da Peritonite Infecciosa Felina, apresenta semelhanças ao coronavírus humano (HCoV) que acarreta a infecção da Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (SARS). Nesse contexto, urge a necessidade de investigar criteriosamente o patógeno Sars-CoV-2 no intuito de compreender melhor seu ciclo biológico.
Transtornos Mentais: Experiência com estudantes de Escolas Estaduais de Alta Floresta - MT / Mental Disorders: Experience with students from State Public Schools of Alta Floresta - MT
Authors: Marques Marilaine De Castro Pereira , Bertan Danúbia , Santos Ismael Pereira dos , Alves Anderson Ortiz , Fabris Renato , Signor Fernanda Silva
Published: August 2021

Resumo: A finalidade do presente artigo é socializar uma experiência investigativa com alunos, de duas escolas estaduais de Alta Floresta, durante os anos de 2017 e 2018, sobre transtornos mentais. A pesquisa teve como escopo, identificar alunos que apresentavam algum comportamento que pudesse ser característico de transtorno mental; compreender suas queixas; orientar os que necessitavam de tratamento e oferecer apoio afetivo, bem como informacional durante o período de aulas. Adotou-se a abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa e os dados foram coletados por observações e entrevistas com questões abertas. Observou-se alunos de dez salas de aula, que juntas integravam cento e oitenta e oito alunos. Vinte e dois apresentavam algum tipo de sofrimento, demonstrado por meio de isolamento, tristeza, choro e desinteresse pelos estudos. Desses vinte e dois identificados, todos afirmaram que sentiam muita tristeza e angústia, sendo que doze deles disseram que não tinham um motivo aparente que justificasse a ansiedade, irritação e falta de vontade de viver. Quinze dos vinte e dois já tinham se mutilado. Orientou-se os alunos a procurarem ajuda profissional, destacando que transtornos mentais trazem muitos prejuízos para a vida dos doentes e até para as pessoas com as quais convivem. Julga-se ter alcançado o objetivo da pesquisa e ainda que o fato de terem mais informações não tenha sido o bastante para aliviar suas dores, foi um trampolim para aqueles alunos buscarem ajuda profissional e obterem maior empatia por parte dos pais.
Intervenção Psicológica Durante a Gestação: Revisão Sistemática da Literatura / Psychological Intervention During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Benincasa Miria , Lazarini Nicole , Andrade Cristiano De Jesus
Published: August 2021

Resumo: Este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever modelos de intervenção psicológica durante a gestação e seus desfechos. O método utilizado foi de revisão sistemática da literatura dos últimos 10 anos (2009 a 2019) por meio do protocolo PRISMA. As bases de dados consultadas foram Periódicos CAPES e Portal BVS utilizando-se os descritores “Psicologia”; “Pré-Natal” e “Intervenção”. Os 10 artigos eleitos mostraram que: três modelos de intervenções eram realizados individualmente, 6 em grupo e um poderia ser realizado nas duas modalidades; três para gestantes de risco habitual, três de alto risco, um para gestantes com HIV, um para adolescentes e um sem especificação. Os resultados mostraram que os recursos teóricos e técnicos da Psicologia podem contribuir tanto para a promoção da saúde quanto para redução dos fatores de risco e aumento dos fatores de proteção à transtornos comuns ao puerpério.
Percepção de Egressos de Direito sobre Suficiência de Conteúdos sobre Direitos Sociais na Matriz Curricular da Graduação / Perception of law graduates about the sufficiency of content on social rights in the undergraduate curriculum
Authors: Zaminhan Rogério Borba
Published: August 2021

Resumo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi conhecer a percepção de egressos de direito sobre suficiência de conteúdos sobre direitos sociais na matriz curricular da graduação. Tratou-se de um estudo  exploratório, descritivo, qualitativo, dissertativo, oriundo de pesquisas bibliográficas e documental, apoiado por entrevistas semi estruturada a dois egressos de cursos de Direito do Tocantins, Brasil. Os resultados levaram a crer que em uma amostra de cinco Instituições de Ensino Superior que tiveram suas matrizes curriculares pesquisadas, somente a Universidade de São Paulo (USP) disponibiliza disciplinas específicas que oferecem condições de acesso ao conteúdo de direito público para seus estudantes, de forma a possibilitar acesso ao conhecimento mais amplo dos direitos sociais. Recomenda-se uma maior discussão da matriz curricular de cursos de Direito no Brasil, de forma a influenciar políticas públicas  mais alinhadas com a introdução da disciplina Direitos sociais, de forma a alargar  os debates sobre a temática.
Comunicação das incertezas científicas: estratégias para a pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Pereira das Neves Gamarra Tatiana
Published: August 2021

No contexto da pandemia de COVID- 19, um dos grande desafios tem sido como comunicar de modo adequado, para autoridades e sociedade em geral, as incertezas relacionadas ao conhecimento científico existente e necessário para a tomada de decisões. Nesse sentido, essa carta ao editor destaca as dimensões (técnica, metodológica, epistemológica e social) e os tipos de incertezas bem como apresenta estratégias de comunicação para tais situações. Conclui-se que é importante que qualquer discussão política que utilize evidências científicas, que invariavelmente envolvem incertezas em maior ou menor grau, ocorra em um cenário em que os pressupostos e valores sejam claramente explícitos, a amplitude dos resultados seja articulada e os vieses identificados.
Cationic Nanocellulose as Promising Candidate for Filtration Material of COVID-19: A Perspective
Authors: Faiz Norrrahim Mohd Nor , Mohd Kasim Noor Azilah , Knight Victor Feizal , Ong Keat Khim , Mohd Noor Siti Aminah , Jamal Siti Hasnawati , Ahmad Shah Noor Aisyah , Halim Norhana Abdul , Ilyas Rushdan Ahmad , Yunus Wan Md Zin Wan
Published: August 2021

The threat of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is worrying as millions of people suffered from this outbreak. The COVID-19 can be airborne by attaching to human nasal or saliva secretion of an infected person or suspended fine particulates in the air. Therefore, in order to minimize the risks associated with this pandemic, an efficient, robust and affordable air‐borne virus removal filters are highly demanded for prevention of spreading viruses in hospitals, transportation hubs, schools, and/or other venues with high human turn‐over. Respirators such as N95, N99 and N100 as well as surgical masks have been widely used. To date, there is no filter standards or special filter technologies tailored for effectively adsorbing the airborne viruses. Studies had shown the electrostatic fibers were capable to entrap the negatively charged viruses including COVID-19. Researchers believed that the positive surface charge of filtration material is an important key to efficiently adsorb the negatively charged viruses. Nanocellulose has emerged as a new class of biobased material with promising potential application in the filtration of viruses. Nanocellulose which is uniform in diameter and has excellent nanofibrillar morphology. To the best of our knowledge, lack of study is done to determine the efficiency of cationic nanocellulose as filtration material of COVID-19.
Review on functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for the pretreatment of organophosphorus pesticides
Authors: Tan Junpeng , Wang Ting , Li Yong , Xu Shenghui , Chen Simin , Hao Hongxia
Published: August 2021

Organophosphorus pesticides are currently extensively applied on the control of agricultural and forestry pests. The number of poisonings and deaths caused by organophosphorus pesticides are increasing year by year. Because of the complex matrix, numerous interfering substances, and low poison content, pretreatment methods are crucial for the detection and analysis of such cases. As an adsorbent used for pretreatment, magnetic nanoparticles have the advantages of simple preparation, convenient modification, superparamagnetism, and hydrophilicity. Microextraction can be performed with small amount of magnetic nanoparticles in a short time, and the target substances can be separated with an external magnetic field. In this paper, the latest research achievements are reviewed. Based on the introduced characteristics and preparation methods of magnetic nanoparticles, this paper outlines the applications of different functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for the pretreatment of organophosphorus pesticides and predict the potential research prospects.
Tuning the through-thickness orientation of 1D nanocarbons to enhance the electrical conductivity and ILSS of hierarchical CFRP composites
Authors: He Yonglyu , Ju Su , Duan Ke , Tang Jun , Bai Shuxin , Jiang Dazhi , Pei Yingying , Zhang Jianwei
Published: August 2021

In this article, we proposed a novel but simple multilayer resin film infusion-compressive molding (MLRFI-CM) manufacturing process that can harness the resin shear flow to architect hierarchical carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with tunable 1D nanocarbons orientation. Via this novel process, we demonstrated that the orientation of two typical 1D nanocarbons, namely, the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs), can be successfully tuned via altering the infusion time and that the tuning strategy is especially effective toward CNTs. Further, the structure-performance relationships between the electrical conductivity/interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) and filler through-thickness orientation of the hierarchical CFRP composites is explored and compared. In the best case, with only 0.3 wt% of CNTs, the ILSS of CFRP composites revealed an increase of 19.7%, and the through-thickness conductivity demonstrated an increase of 38%.
Stigma, Social Support, and Sexual Behavior Among Female Sex Workers at Risk for HIV in Malawi
Authors: Ruegsegger Laura M. , Stockton Melissa , Go Vivian F. , Piscalko Hannah , Davis Dylane , Hoffman Irving F. , Hosseinipour Mina C. , Zalira Emanuel , Lungu Thandie , Bula Agatha , Lancaster Kathryn E.
Published: August 2021

Lack of social support and sex work stigma may hinder STI/HIV prevention for female sex workers (FSW). We explored the associations between sex work stigma and social support with sexual behaviors in Malawi. In 2017, 150 HIV-negative, venue-based FSW completed a behavioral survey containing sex work stigma items and social support. Linear binomial regression models were used to estimate prevalence differences of inconsistent condom use and substance use before sex by social support and stigma. A majority (93%) reported sex work–related internalized stigma. About 50% reported family or friend isolation. Social support was high (mean index: 86.53). Inconsistent condom use and substance use before sex had little to no association with stigma and social support. Malawian FSW largely internalize stigma and experience isolation from family and friends yet have high levels of social support. Large-scale evaluations should investigate the role of stigma and social support in STI/HIV prevention for FSW.
University of Manitoba GISHub
Authors: Miller Meg , Manickavalli Mullai
Published: August 2021

This review provides an outline of the solution the University of Manitoba Libraries has implemented to integrate their ESRI Educational Site License. In looking at the tools available the project came to encompass the following:1. Semi-automated management and integration of UM ESRI site license using campus authentication methods2. Discovery and access point for proprietary and open researcher data3. Secure local environment for active-use geospatial datasets using ArcGIS EnterpriseThe following discusses the software specifics, use cases, and lessons learned in a Canadian academic library context.
A quest for a sustainable alternative wood species to produce world class clarinets
Authors: Cipriano Almeida Barros Lívia , Longui Eduardo Luiz , Muszynski Lech
Published: August 2021

Clarinets are made with a variety of materials, e.g., plastic, graphite, porcelain, or even metal. However, the most commonly used material to make clarinets is wood. Today, African granadilla or African blackwood (Dalbergia melanoxylon) is the most popular and most widely used species by leading international companies in terms of clarinet production, because of its high density, color, fine texture, and exceptional durability. This species is also used to manufacture flutes, oboes, and bagpipes, making African blackwood one of the most valuable tree species in the world. However, the focus on the usage of a single species puts considerable pressure on a rare and endangered wood species. Therefore, this work aims to identify viable alternatives to African blackwood in terms of manufacturing clarinets as well as providing a similar combination of instrument characteristics that musicians and companies believe contribute to the value of the instrument, e.g., acoustics, aesthetics, and price.
O movimento literário do proletariado no Japão: uma análise de dois contos de Yoshiki Hayama
Authors: Sorte Junior Waldemiro F.
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo aborda o movimento literário do proletariado no Japão e inclui uma breve discussão sobre alguns de seus principais aspectos históricos e personalidades marcantes. Examina-se também as seguintes obras de Yoshiki Hayama (葉山嘉樹 1894-1945), um dos autores mais influentes do período inicial desse movimento: A prostituta (inbaifu 淫売婦), publicada em novembro de 1925; e A carta no barril de cimento (semento-daru no naka no tegami セメント樽の中の手紙), publicada em janeiro de 1926. Procura-se, com a análise dos contos referidos, ilustrar a riqueza de tópicos e a diversidade de personagens tratadas pela literatura proletária japonesa, ainda que o tema central seja limitado a questões que enquadram o conflito de classes. Mostra-se também que o estudo desse tipo de literatura prossegue possuindo relevância para o mundo contemporâneo.
O “lugar de fala” e as “falas do lugar” na enunciação literária: o dilema pós-colonial
Authors: Brandão Mattos Marcelo
Published: August 2021

A aproximação acadêmica entre a literatura comparada e os estudos culturais, importante vertente das pesquisas pós-coloniais, produziu desafiadoras hipóteses científicas. Neste artigo discutimos as implicações acadêmico-científicas na utilização do conceito sociológico de “lugar de fala” para a análise da enunciação literária. Para tanto, estão aqui referidas teorias do discurso ficcional e da narrativa, teorias pós-coloniais e conceitos sociológicos acerca da representatividade de grupos sociais minoritários. Como ilustração das ideias propostas, ao final, alguns escritores literários africanos representantes do mundo pós-colonial estão referidos.
Cooperar e colaborar em processos de aprendizagem
Authors: Elias Ana Paula de Andrade Janz , Behrens Marilda Aparecida , Torres Patricia Lupion
Published: August 2021

Os termos “cooperação” e “colaboração” têm sido utilizados por educadores e pesquisadores ao longo dos anos, em diferentes trabalhos. Contudo os vocábulos têm vieses diferentes quando considerados em situações de aprendizagem. Destarte, são conceitos investigados neste artigo por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa, por meio do método de análise de conceito, proposto por Walker e Avant, com o suporte de uma revisão integrativa. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar as definições, considerando as nuanças, dos termos supracitados utilizadas por pesquisadores da área da educação. A revisão integrativa, realizada em um dos passos do método de análise de conceito, possibilitou levantar diferentes atributos que podem ser utilizados para cada um dos termos aqui tratados, a fim de diferenciá-los, especialmente em contextos pedagógicos. Ainda, verificou-se que é viável usar tanto a cooperação quanto a colaboração em diferentes níveis de ensino; contudo, para a escolha correta do conceito, o professor que atua em instituições de ensino deve avaliar a metodologia mais indicada para os alunos de sua turma.
Rancang Bangun Heater Element Segment pada Rangkaian Sistem Reactor Cavity Cooling RDNK
Authors: Kusumastuti Rahayu Kusumastuti , Haryanto Dedy , Giarno Giarno , Heru Bambang , Rosidi Ainur , Juarsa Mulya , Sriyono Sriyono , Tjahjono Hendro , Widodo Surip , Irianto Ign. Djoko , Yuliaji Dwi , Marzuki Edy
Published: August 2021

RANCANG BANGUN HEATER ELEMENT SEGMENT PADA RANGKAIAN SISTEM REACTOR CAVITY COOLING RDNK. Proses pendinginan secara pasif menjadi perhatian khusus sejak kecelakaan PLTN Fukushima dan TMI-2, kecelakaan tersebut diakibatkan oleh gagalnya sistem pendingin aktif dimana pompa tidak berfungsi. Kemudian, aliran sirkulasi alam sebagai prinsip kerja sistem pendingin pasif juga digunakan pada model pendinginan di celah antara dinding luar Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) reactor High Temperature Gass Cooled Reactor (HTGR) dan beton penopang RPV. Riset terkait reactor cavity cooling system berbasis pendingin pasif dilakukan dengan membuat Untai Uji Reactor Cavity Cooling System-Reaktor Daya Non Komersial (RCCS-RDNK), namun saat dilakukan komisioning fungsi pemanasannya tidak optimal, temperatur yang ingin dicapai yaitu 300oC – 400oC pada permukaan simulator RPV HTGR tidak tercapai, sehingga dilakukan modifikasi pada sistem pemanas dengan heater element segments (HES) berbasis proses radiasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk melakukan analisis pada pengujian pemanasan HES hasil konstruksi hingga mencapai temperatur optimal. Metode eksperimen dilakukan dengan menghidupkan heater dan merekam perubahan temperatur pada titik pengukuran di bagian permukaan insulator brick (BRICK), permukaan dalam RPV (RPVD), permukaan luar RPV (RPVL) dan udara luar. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan, secara umum capaian maksimal temperatur pada bagian permukaan RPV sekitar 400oC, dengan temperatur permukaan brick sekitar 700oC. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa, konstruksi pemanas HES dapat beroperasi optimal dan memenuhi kriteria simulasi pendingin pada RCCS HTGR.
The Effect of Type, Duration and Intensity of Exercise on Inflammatory Markers CRP, IL-6 and IL-18 in Metabolic Syndrome Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Das Srijit , Naina-Mohamed Isa , Zulfarina Mohamed S , Salim Hazwan Hazrin , Zawawi Azwani , Thevaraj Tarrsini , Ku-Ahmad-Nasir Ku Nurmahirah , Zhou Dennis Kheng , Teoh Seong Lin
Published: August 2021

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become a major clinical challenge worldwide due to rise of urbanisation, surplus energy intake, increasing obesity and sedentary lifestyle. C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) are associated with MetS. We performed a systematic review to investigate the effects of exercise on these markers in MetS patients and therefore to determine the best exercise regime for them. We searched Medline (Pubmed and Ovid), Scopus and CINAHL databases. The searches were standardized by using the same search strategy which included the terms such as ‘metabolic syndrome’, ‘CRP’, ‘IL-6’, ‘IL-18’ and ‘exercise’. Only clinical human studies published from Jan 2007 to May 2018 were included. A total of 11 clinical trials (466 participants) were selected. Majority of the studies were randomized controlled studies (90.9%). All studies showed a decrease in serum levels of the biomarkers. However, not all were statistically significant. The main type of exercise in most of the studies was aerobic. Aerobic-resistance exercise was more effective rather than aerobic alone, but aerobic exercise was the only effective as a sole intervention. Aerobic exercise showed promising role as the main lifestyle intervention in MetS. It is concluded that patients with MetS should have combined aerobic-resistance exercise.
Data Envelopment Analysis and Panel Regression in Analysing Technical Efficiency and Its Determinants of the Palm Oil Products-Based Manufacturing Subsector
Authors: Sulaiman Noorasiah , Ismail Rahmah
Published: August 2021

This study measures the technical efficiency score of the manufacturing sector of the palm oil products-based subsector in Malaysia and investigates the major determinants that influence efficiency. Based on the Industrial Manufacturing Survey, this study explores the data from 2000 to 2015 over sixteen years, with a total of eleven subsectors of palm oil products-based. The first stage of the study is carried out with a data envelopment analysis (DEA) to calculate the technical efficiency score, which is considered a dependent variable. The second stage of the study uses a panel regression model to examine the determinants of efficiency comprise the variable capital-labour ratio, research and development, information communication technology, training, and skilled labour. The study findings show that most of the palm oil products-based subsectors are not operating efficiently. Skilled labour, technical and supervisory, and professional is one of the main determinants contributing to the efficiency level. The variable capital-labour ratio though significant, but harms the efficiency level. The moderating effects show that skilled technical and supervisory workers relatively affect the food industry’s efficiency larger than the non-food industry. Therefore, the industry still has room to improve efficiency by utilising input efficiently. Moreover, the efforts involve organisational management, equipped appropriate technology and related factors that will improve efficiency, increase productivity and competitiveness of palm oil products-based industries.
The Effect of Sustainable Development on Economic Complexity in OECD Countries
Authors: Yaprakli Sevda , Ozden Erdemalp
Published: August 2021

Economic complexity showing a holistic measure of countries' economic productive power and characteristics has become a new tool for understanding the dynamics of the economy. Examining the relationship between sustainable development and this new tool is vital in determining new policies. By applying panel data of OECD countries covering different development levels from 1996 to 2017 to a data-driven dynamic econometric model, the research provides fresh insight between sustainable development and economic complexity. The results indicate that economic complexity is significantly affected by sustainable developments’ economic indicators such as GDP, FDI, R&D expenditure, social indicators such as human development, income inequality, and environmental indicators such as production-based CO2 emissions, renewable energy consumption, and greenhouse gas. The research, consequently, suggests that switching to technology and knowledge-based production processes, expanding qualified production factor capacity, raising social living standards, and making investments in the green economy will foster economic complexity while ensuring stable sustainability.
A Novel Chaotic Switched Modulation for EMI Suppression in Electrical Drive System
Authors: ASKER Mehmet Emin , KÜRÜM Hasan
Published: August 2021

In electric drive systems common mod voltage (CMV) is known as voltage between power line and ground. CMV causes negative effects on both electric engine and its driver whereas switching operation occurs in power devices. In addition switching frequency and its multiples in CMV cause electromagnetic and aqustic noises. In this paper a novel Fixed-Frequency chaotic switched sinusoidal pulse width modulation (FFCS-SPWM) is proposed. The cruial point in proposed FFCS-SPWM method is to obtained a new carrier wave by summation of carrier wave and its inverse form. In FFCS-SPWM method extra switching loses were reduced due to constant switching frequency. This method also applied to permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) vector control system. The reduction of electromagnetic interference (EMI), aqustic noises and dv/dt stress effects that occur in CMV is simulated by proposed method. Moreover SPWM combined with chaotic-frequency chaotic switched (CFCS) is proposed to reduce the differential mode voltage (DMV) which occurs due to voltage between lines . Finally in this method switching frequency change chaotically and also in this paper it shown that, CFCS-SPWM provides to reduce EMI, aqustic noises which are caused by CMV and DMV
Reactive changes of gastric mucosa and reduction of desacyl grelin in rat brain due to psychoemotional stress
Authors: Raptanova Vladislava A. , Droblenkov Andrei V. , Lebedev Andrei A. , Bobkov Pavel S. , Khokhlov Platon P. , Thyssen Ilia Y. , Lisovskiy Anatoliy D. , Bychkov Eugeny R. , Shabanov Petr D.
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND: The work is devoted to the analysis of the elements the reactivity of grelin system in the model of psychogenic stress. In recent years, it has been shown that the ghrelin brain system is not limited only to the regulation of energy balance and eating behavior. Along with other peptide regulatory systems, it plays an important role in the mechanisms of stress, reward and addiction. Therefore, the elements of this system should be considered primarily as molecular targets of pharmacological action in order to correct the states of addiction and post-stress disorders.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: To produce psychoemotional stress, we used an acute single traumatic situation in male Wistar rats. The animals were placed in the tiger python, one animal died as a result of its nutritional needs, the rest of the rats experienced the death of a partner. One week after exposure to python, the animals were decapitated, and the brain structures were isolated. Aliquots of the brain structures suspensions were examined for the content of desacyl ghrelin (DAG) using a highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In another group, rats were decapitated on the 4th day after exposure to python, stomachs were removed, which were fixed in 10% formalin solution. In horizontal paraffin sections of the gastric mucosa, after staining with hematoxylin and eosin, the heights of superficial and dimple mucous cells, the height of the dimple stroma, the area of superficial, dimple mucocytes and stroma of the dimples, and the number of dead mucocytes were calculated. To clarify the differentiation of epithelial cells, they were stained with alcian blue
RESULTS: DAG was detected in all studied brain structures: amygdala, hippocampus, and hypothalamus. The highest concentration of DAG was noted in the hypothalamus (p 0.05), which may serve as an indirect confirmation of the data on the presence of ghrelin-containing neurons in the nuclei of the hypothalamus. After exposure to stress, a sharp decrease in the level of DAG was observed in all studied brain structures (812 times, p 0.01): amygdala, hippocampus, and hypothalamus. It has been established that the experience of the stress of the death of a partner is expressed by erosive inflammation of the gastric mucosa, the death of many mucous cells, and an increase in mucus production in viable epithelial cells.
CONCLUSION: Psychoemotional stress completely suppresses the content of desacyl ghrelin of the brain in rats, which may be based on both a disturbance of the central mechanisms of limbic regulation and a violation of peripheral mechanisms, in particular, reactive changes in the gastric mucosa.
Long-term effectiveness and safety of antiepileptic drugs in children and adults
Authors: Shaimardanova Roza M. , Gamirova Rimma G.
Published: August 2021

AIM: To conduct a retrospective comparative analysis of the efficacy and safety of epilepsy therapy with antiepileptic drugs.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The analysis of the treatment of 428 patients with epilepsy at the Childrens City Hospital No. 8 in Kazan, receiving antiepileptic drugs.
RESULTS: It was found that valproic acid is more effective in the treatment of idiopathic generalized epilepsies compared to focal epilepsies (p = 0.0006). Valproate and carbamazepine were the most effective in the treatment of focal epilepsy with short- and long-term follow-up. Valproic acid is more effective than topiramate (p = 0.02), oxcarbazepine (p = 0.003), and levetiracetam (p = 0.003) in the treatment of focal epilepsy in short- and long-term follow-up. Carbamazepine is more effective than topiramate (p = 0.01), oxcarbazepine (p = 0.02), and levetiracetam (p = 0.001) in the treatment of focal epilepsy in long-term follow-up. It was revealed that more often they complained about side effects when using carbamazepine (63.2%). Levetiracetam was found to be better tolerated compared to valproate (p = 0.0006) and carbamazepine (p = 0.0006). Topiramate is better tolerated than carbamazepine (p = 0.02) and valproate (p = 0.03). Oxcarbazepine is better tolerated than carbamazepine in women (p = 0.04).
CONCLUSIONS: When choosing an antiepileptic drug, it is necessary to be guided by the principle: first the basic, and then the drugs of the next generations, in the future, rely on information about the tolerability of the drug. It is necessary to evaluate the therapeutic effect of antiepileptic drugs with long-term observation, and use the criterion of complete absence of seizures as an indicator of the effectiveness of drugs.
Pharmacoeconomical aspects of chemotherapy in children at high risk of tuberculosis
Authors: Novikov Vasiliy E. , Usacheva Natalia E. , Ponamareva Natalia S. , Myakisheva Tatyana V.
Published: August 2021

AIM: of the study is to analyze the results of pharmacoeconomical studies of preventive chemotherapy in children from high-risk groups of tuberculosis to optimize measures for the prevention of tuberculosis infection in children.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Collection, systematization and analysis of data from the scientific literature and the results of their own research on the relevant problem.

RESULTS: On the problem of chemoprophylaxis of tuberculosis infection in children from high-risk groups, there is insufficient information on the pharmacoeconomical aspects of this problem. Most studies include a pharmacoeconomical assessment of the management of adult patients with tuberculosis infection. There are isolated scientific papers devoted to the pharmacoeconomical analysis of the preventive treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTI) in children. Different clinical and economic efficiency of the applied methods of immunodiagnostics and regimens of chemoprophylaxis of tuberculosis in children is shown. To improve the epidemic situation of tuberculosis among children, it is important to improve preventive chemotherapy regimens. Their effectiveness is largely determined by the sensitivity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) to anti-tuberculosis drugs (PTP) and the rational choice of a chemotherapy regimen. The current chemoprophylaxis regimens for children with LTI do not take into account the sensitivity of MBT to PTP at a possible source of infection.

CONCLUSION: The analysis shows the high relevance of pharmacoeconomical studies and the practical significance of the results of such studies for optimizing preventive chemotherapy in children from high-risk groups for tuberculosis. Scientific research on the assessment of the clinical and economic effectiveness of various regimens of chemoprophylaxis of tuberculosis in children allows us to identify the most effective and least expensive ways to prevent tuberculosis through the rational use of medicines and methods of immunodiagnostics.
Apakah discovery learning dapat menumbuhkan keterampilan berpikir kritis? Respon siswa terhadap penggunaan UKBM pada Program Ilmu Sosial
Authors: Sukartiningsih Sri , Sarmini Sarmini , Jacky Muhammad , Dwi Bahtiar El Rizaq Agung
Published: August 2021

Critical thinking is one of the main skills that students must mastered in order to respond the challenges of globalization and the demands of skilled labor in this disruption era. Various learning models, methods and strategies are developed to meet these objectives. One of the way is the implementation of teaching materials in the form of Independent Learning Activity Unit (UKBM) in learning to foster students' critical thinking skills. The focus of this study is to describe students' responses to the implementation of UKBM in social science programs based on discovery learning to foster students' critical thinking skills. This study used an explanatory mix method research design with a percentage technique. Data were collected through questionnaires, observations and interviews. Data analysis was carried out in four stages; collection, reduction, presentation and drawing conclusions. This study found several things: 1) UKBM in social science programs are effectively foster critical thinking skills; 2) the most prominent assessment is the aspect of student interest in an attractive UKBM design; 3) the assessment is less prominent in the aspect of discovery learning approach in learning because it requires a long time and seriousness of teachers and students. This paper recommends the implementation of other learning models at UKBM to foster critical thinking skills.
Importance of pilates in treating neck pain due to over use of smartphones and laptops: A short review
Authors: Kauser Mohammad Sheeba , Kodurupaka Priyadarshini , Jaffery Mohammad Bismil
Published: August 2021

This study have thrown light on the importance of pilates in treating neck pain after long use of smart phones, laptops or on playstations.

Pilates are useful for treating of neck but its not as much important alone compared to traditional therapy.
Emergency open tracheostomy and emergency percutaneous tracheostomy: A comperative study
Authors: Verma Vikas , Kumar Shivesh , Pathak Saurabh , Kunwer Rajesh , Gupta Om Prakash , Tripathi Anuj Kumar
Published: August 2021

Emergency Tracheostomy is a widely used procedure in intensive care unit in India. This study reveals that emergency percutaneous tracheostomy is better than emergency open tracheostomy. Percutaneous tracheostomy is associated with better outcome, less bleeding, shorter time, less sedation, less damage to the trachea, and low collection of hematoma.
El BID: Vol. 23, no. 1-2, enero-febrero, 1996
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: August 2021

EL BID informa sobre el desarrollo económico y social de América Latina y el Caribe y sobre las actividades del Banco. Se publica 10 veces al año en ingles, español, portugués y francés.
BID América: Vol. 25, no. 4, abril 1998
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: August 2021

BID América cubre las tendencias del desarrollo económico y social de América Latina y el Caribe y las actividades del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo. Se publica 10 veces al año en castellano e inglés.
Relación entre los estilos de crianza, el estado emocional de los padres, la ideación suicida y síntomas depresivos en niños de 9 a 11 años
Authors: Romero Acosta Kelly , Fonseca Beltrán Leodanis , Verhelst Montenegro Salomón , Restrepo Herrera José Francisco
Published: August 2021

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre los estilos de crianza, el estado emocional de los padres, y la ideación suicida y la depresión, en niños de instituciones educativas públicas y privadas de la ciudad de Sincelejo-Sucre, Colombia. Participaron 190 niñas (35.8%) y 340 niños (64.2%), y sus padres. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que no hay riesgo de depresión en la mayoría de la muestra; el estilo de crianza más frecuente fue el autoritativo, seguido del negligente; la depresión infantil se asoció con el sexo femenino, con la depresión de los padres y con el estilo de crianza negligente, y la ideación suicida infantil se asoció significativamente con el estilo de crianza negligente y autoritario.
Impacts of Recurrent Tonsillitis on the Outcome of Powered Intracapsular Tonsillectomy in Children
Authors: Kang Jeong Wook , Dong Sung Hwa , Lee Seon Gyu , Lee Kun Hee
Published: August 2021

Background and Objectives: To investigate the effects of recurrent tonsillitis on postoperative outcomes after powered intracapsular tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (PITA) in children with obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (oSDB).Materials and Methods: Children who underwent PITA in Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong from 2016 to 2018 were classified into two oSDB groups according to comorbid chronic/recurrent acute tonsillitis (CHT). To evaluate the efficacy of the PITA technique, quality of life (QoL) was measured using the obstructive sleep apnea questionnaire (OSA-18) for 3 months after surgery. To evaluate the disadvantages of the PITA technique, we followed complications such as throat pain, otalgia, nausea, vomiting, and postoperative bleeding for 1 week after surgery. Finally, we compared the pre- and postoperative QoL and analyzed the incidence of postoperative complications in the oSDB with CHT (SDBwCHT) and oSDB without CHT (SDBsCHT) groups.Results: Of the 802 enrolled patients, 135 were classified as SDBwCHT and 667 as SDBsCHT. Both groups exhibited marked improvements in QoL after PITA. The SDBwCHT group showed a change of OSA-18 score from 70.7±17.0 to 31.2±11.4. The SDBsCHT group showed a change of OSA-18 score from 70.0±17.1 to 31.0±9.9. The groups did not demonstrate statistical differences in complication rates and severity of symptoms during the first postoperative week.Conclusion: Although comorbid CHT delayed improvement in postoperative symptoms, PITA is a useful technique to treat children with oSDB, regardless of CHT.
Effect of Different Dates of Sowing on Growth, Yield Attributes and Yield of Various Cultivars of Kharif Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) under Amritsar Conditions
Authors: Kumar Karan , Kumar Rakesh
Published: August 2021

Background: Among pulses, blackgram is one of most important crop. Blackgram has originated from Indian sub-continent where it has been cultivated from ancient times and standout amongst most expensive pulse crop in India. Being observed, the productivity of blackgram is low in India as well as in Punjab due to lack of knowledge regarding various agronomic implementations, among them, time of sowing and selection of suitable cultivar are one of the major limiting factors in production, especially during kharif season. Methods: The research was carried out to investigate the effect of different dates of sowing on growth, yield attributes and yield of various cultivars of kharif blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) during kharif season 2019 at Student’s Research Farm, Department of Agriculture, Khalsa College, Amritsar. The experiment was laid-out in split-plot design, consisting of four dates of sowing (8th July, 18th July, 28th July and 8th August) as main-plot treatments and three cultivars (Mash114, Mash 338 and KUG 479) as sub-plot treatments, with four replications. Result: Among the sowing dates, the higher seed yield (10.27 q/ha) of blackgram was recorded when crop was raised on 8th July, which was significantly 12.6%, 20.3% and 30.5% higher than 18th July, 28th July and 8th August sown crop respectively. Among blackgram cultivars, the higher seed yield was observed in Mash 114 (10.19 q/ha) which was significantly 14% and 32% superior over Mash 338 and KUG 479 respectively. The sowing dates and cultivars had significant effect on the pods/plant, seeds/pod and seed weight/plant. The significantly higher number of pods/plant (24.3), seeds/pod (6.8) and seed weight/plant (3.2 g) were obtained with 8th July sown crop as compared to 28th July and 8th August sown crop. Among the cultivars, the significantly higher number of pods/plant (23.6), seeds/pod (6.4) and seed weight/plant (3.2 g) were recorded with Mash 114. The growth parameters viz. Plant height, nodules/plant, leaf area index and dry matter accumulation, were shown decreased trend by 29.2%, 19.13%, 12.2% and 25.4% respectively with the delay in sowing from 8th July to 8th August.
​Influence of Nutrient Sources on Chlorophyll Content and other Leaf Parameters of Banana Musa (AAB) Nendran
Authors: Meghwal Manohar Lal , Jyothi M.L. , Pushpalatha P.B. , Bhaskar Jyothi , Beena V.I. , Thulasi V.
Published: August 2021

Background: Chlorophyll is a green molecule found in plant cells that aids photosynthesis. It absorbs sunlight and converts the energy into carbohydrates using CO2 and water as a starting point. Chlorophyll ‘a’ and chlorophyll ‘b’ are the two forms of chlorophyll found in plants and each serves as a photoreceptor in photosynthesis, assuming higher electron transport, thus improving photochemical capacity. Methods: The present study was conducted at Banana Research Station, Kannara, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala during 2017-2018 to elucidate the response of banana Musa (AAB) ‘Nendran’ in terms of growth, yield and quality to nutrient sources.Variation in leaf parameters, phyllochron and chlorophyll content in leaf tissue of banana raised with different nutrient sources was analysed. The amount of chlorophyll present in the leaves, is an indication of photosynthetic efficiency. Result: Highest Leaf Area Index (2.34) were recorded in T4 (integrated use of organic manures with biofertilzers practised). Highest amount of chlorophyll ‘a’ (1.20 mg), chlorophyll ‘b’ (1.62 mg), total chlorophyll (2.82 mg) and lowest phyllochron (7.33) were obtained in T8 (Fertigation with organic sources FYM @29 kg, lime @0.5 kg and wood ash @4 kg as basal; fertigation once in four days with 14 kg FYM till one month after bunch emergence+ in situ green manuring) which was followed T3 (POP recommendation of KAU with organic manures FYM @15kg + lime @0.5 kg as basal + Poultry manure @ 14 kg/plant + Wood ash @4kg/plant applied in two splits i.e. one as basal and one 3 MAP + in situ green manuring) at 150 days after planting. The results indicated that the manuring Nendran banana with organic manures had advantage over chemical fertilizers in term of chlorophyll production and increase in photosynthetic efficiency.
​Physical and Biochemical Characterization of Eggs of Chicken Crossbreed and Its Comparison with Dahlem Red for Rural Poultry Development
Authors: Sharma Suruchi , Singh Geetanjali , Vij Rishika , Sankhyan Varun , Dinesh Krishanender
Published: August 2021

Background: Crossbreeds of indigenous chicken are suitable for sustainable rural farming practices in developing countries as they are better adapted to local environment than pure breeds. Study was conducted to compare physical and biochemical parameters of egg between indigenous crossbreed of chicken (DND) locally called Himsamridhi and exotic chicken breed Dahlem Red (DR) under similar rearing conditions. Methods: 45 egg samples were collected from DND and 45 from DR. Physical characteristics and biochemical parameters of eggs were determined. Further, effect of these egg characteristics on hatching and progeny health were investigated. Result: External physical characteristics viz. weight, length, breadth, shell weight and total egg surface were significantly (P less than 0.05) higher in DR whereas shape index and shell ratio were significantly (P less than 0.05) higher in DND. Internal physical characteristics viz. yolk, albumen weights and albumen volume were significantly (P less than 0.05) higher in DR whereas Haugh unit was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher in DND. Biochemical parameters viz. total proteins significantly (P less than 0.05) higher in DND and total cholesterol significantly (P less than 0.05) higher in DR. Egg hatchability on fertile egg set basis (FES) and total egg set basis (TES) was higher in DND. Thus, some parameters were better in indigenous crossbreed, such as low cholesterol, higher total proteins, higher hatchability and chick survivability