bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oferta de Leitos de UTI no Brasil à Luz dos Princípios Constitucionais da Igualdade e da Universisalidade em Tempos de Covid-19
Authors: Cabral Lucas Manoel da Silva , Junior Dorival Fagundes Cotrim , Asensi Felipe Dutra
Published: September 2022

Este artigo teve como objetivo apresentar um mapeamento dos números de leitos de Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo (UTI) do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e Não SUS (privado) no Brasil, ponderar as desigualdades regionais na oferta dos leitos e refletir sobre os desafios no combate ao Covid-19, que certamente exige uma razoável oferta de leitos de UTI, especialmente para os casos mais graves. Como fonte de dados realizamos um levantamento no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), através do Sistema de Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimento de Saúde (SCNES); do Instituto Nacional de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) e da Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar (ANS). No artigo são analisados a oferta de leitos de UTI (públicos e privados) dos 26 Estados, mais o Distrito Federal, assim como as 05 regiões: Norte, Nordeste, Centro-Oeste, Sul e Sudeste. Por fim, conclui-se que dadas as desigualdades entre o público e o privado, bem como entre as regiões e estados do país, os princípios do SUS só serão concretizados se, e somente se, a regulação pública dos leitos for implementada. Para além de uma questão de justiça, é um mandamento constitucional, e assim sendo, deve ser cumprido em sua integralidade.
Poderes Judiciales Frente a Sí Mismos: el Caso del Poder Judicial Federal Mexicano
Authors: Ansolabehere Karina
Published: September 2022

En este artículo analizamos la dinámica del cambio interno de ideas legales en los poderes judiciales. A partir del análisis de la transformación en materia de ideas de derechos humanos que tuvo lugar en el Poder Judicial Federal mexicano entre 2009 y 2018 observamos la importancia de la dinámica del cambio interno para comprender cómo se institucionalizó esta innovación. Proponemos un marco analítico que complementa a otros, enfocados en la región, que enfatizan los detonantes externos del cambio o la importancia del liderazgo judicial individual. El marco analítico construido toma en cuenta el tiempo – dimensión clave en el estudio de los cambios –, e integra dos perspectivas que lo problematizan y que usan otras investigaciones sobre los poderes judiciales: a) la teoría de la difusión, que modeliza al cambio como proceso comunicativo, y b) la aproximación a las dinámicas institucionales desarrolladas por el neoinstituiconalismo histórico que problematiza al cambio desde la distribución del poder. El principal hallazgo derivado de nuestro análisis, al incorporar las novedades que aporta el caso mexicano, es el siguiente: es necesario integrar al estudio de la institucionalización de los cambios en el poder judicial la interrelación entre la comunicación de las nuevas ideas y la distribución del poder interno. El caso mexicano obliga a considerar esta interrelación si se quiere describir con mayor eficacia la evolución y la dinámica de los cambios al interior de los poderes judiciales en América Latina.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Política judicial; cambio judicial; cambio legal; derechos humanos; difusión de innovaciones; cambio institucional.
Epidemiology of sport-related concussion rates in female contact/collision sport: a systematic review
Authors: Walshe Ayrton , Daly Ed , Ryan Lisa
Published: September 2022

Objectives

To determine sport-related concussion (SRC) incidence rates in female contact/collision sport.

Design

Systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines.

Data sources

Four databases (PubMed, SportsDiscus, Web of Science, CINAHL) were searched for data from 2012 to 2021.

Eligibility criteria

Studies reporting SRC incidence rates or the number of concussions and athletic exposures (AEs) per 1000 participating events or hours in healthy female contact and collision sport athletes of any age were included.

Results

The search yielded 8438 non-duplicate articles. Following screening, 19 were included in the analysis (median quality score=70%), with 8 reporting match or training incidence rates. Studies were primarily from US high school and collegiate populations; data are reported for eight sports. Rugby union reported the highest match SRC rates (8.2–16.11 per 1000 AE hours), followed by Gaelic football (5.21 per 1000 AE hours) and soccer (2.08–4.04 per 1000 AE events). Where available, match SRC rates were substantially higher than training and overall SRC rates.

Conclusion

Female sports such as rugby union, Gaelic football and soccer present the highest risk for SRCs within the available data. Previous research indicates a potentially greater injury burden for female athletes experiencing SRCs than their male counterparts. Thus, future research should analyse concussion knowledge and return-to-play protocols in these sports. Future research should also prioritise exploration of the gap in SRC rates within amateur sports, and data should be presented specifically in the context of athletic exposures (match vs training).

Trial registration number

CRD42021281569.
Personal and narrative review of the current management of the injured anterior cruciate ligament of the knee in the UK with reference to surgical treatment versus rehabilitation
Authors: Mowbray Michael Antony Sydee , Ireland John
Published: September 2022

Rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee is a common injury occurring mostly in young athletic individuals taking part in pivoting, cutting and jumping sports. It is demonstrated by anterolateral rotatory instability on clinical testing. As yet there are no clear guidelines as to whom will benefit from surgical reconstruction as opposed to rehabilitation alone, apart from elite athletes (defined as varsity players or those participating in sport at national or international level). Also, some adolescent knees and those with combined injuries, usually meniscal tears, may benefit from surgery. Even after surgery there is an increased incidence of rerupture and the development of degenerative changes in the operated knee, particularly in the young athlete who has returned to a high level of sporting activity. Early diagnosis is essential to provide a focused care pathway and to avoid the consequences of chronic cruciate insufficiency.

Currently, it seems that too many anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions may be undertaken where rehabilitation alone would have sufficed. Better preoperative clinical testing including improved arthrometric assessment, muscle and neurological testing and imaging including radiology and MRI may help refine the diagnosis, thus enabling a better decision on further management. There is also a requirement for better designed clinical studies reporting on the outcomes of treatment be it either surgical or conservative.
A Systematic Evaluation of Solutions for the Final 100m Challenge of Highly Automated Vehicles
Authors: Colley Mark , Wankmüller Bastian , Rukzio Enrico
Published: September 2022

Automated vehicles will change the interaction with the user drastically. While freeing the user of the driving task for most of the journey, the "final 100 meters problem'', directing the vehicle to the final parking spot, could require human intervention. Therefore, we present a classification of interaction concepts for automated vehicles based on modality and interaction mode. In a subsequent Virtual Reality study (N=16), we evaluated sixteen interaction concepts. We found that the medially abstracted interaction mode was consistently rated most usable over all modalities (joystick, speech, gaze, gesture, and tablet). While the steering wheel was still preferred, our findings indicate that other interaction concepts are usable if the steering wheel were unavailable.
Formative Evaluation of a Tablet Application to Support Goal-Oriented Care in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Chaudhry Beenish Moalla , Dasgupta Dipanwita , Chawla Nitesh
Published: September 2022

Tools that can help older adults self-manage multiple health goals in collaboration with their care managers are rare to find. Informed by the Self-Determination Theory, Goal-Oriented Care paradigm and our prior findings, we used an iterative, user-centered process to design a tablet application to facilitate Goal-Oriented care in community-dwelling low income older adults with chronic (multi)morbidity. A formative in-situ evaluation was conducted in which 20 participants used the app to set and track health and wellness goals for 24 weeks, while participants' interactions with the app were logged. At the end of the study, semi-structured interviews were administered to understand how the app was used. Thirteen participants used the app throughout the study, while the remaining abandoned after short usage. Thematic analysis of the qualitative feedback shows that participants who used the app increased their commitment towards their goals and adopted healthy behaviors. Health issues, time constraints, lack of technical know-how and doubts about goal-setting paradigm were identified as primary reasons for low app usage and abandonment. Tools for Goal-Oriented care should support personalized goal exploration, build trust in the care paradigm, support collaboration, design for motivation, lower barriers to tracking and support re-engagement after abandonment. Carefully designed mobile apps have the potential to support Goal-Oriented care for older adults.
Hollow FeNi@NCG Materials Prepared with a Double-template Strategy as Highly Efficient Catalysts for Rechargeable Zn-air Batteries
Authors: Wang Lu , Long Jilan , Chen Cheng , Gou Xinglong
Published: September 2022

One-step pyrolysis approach is the most common used method to synthesize the cathode catalysts of Zn-air batteries (ZABs). However, it is still a challenge to control the structural elements. Herein, a double-template strategy has been established by fabricating GO-doped porous g-C3N4 supported FeNi-MOF arrays as templates to synthesize the FeNi@NCG-T architecture as highly efficient electrocatalysts. The obtained FeNi@NCG-T catalysts exhibit well-defined hollow architecture with directional arrangement tendency, which may be advantageous to construct a tri-phase region so as to accelerate the O2-containing species transmission and increase the accessibility of internal active sites, thus boosting the catalytic performances and kinetics. The optimal Fe1Ni1@NCG-700 catalyst delivers excellent electrochemical activity with the overpotential of merely 217 mV (after iR correction) for OER (1 M KOH) and a remarkable small potential gap of 0.625 V between ORR and OER. The Fe1Ni1@NCG-700 based aqueous ZAB exhibits high peak power density of 210.79 mW·cm−2 and high specific capacity of 784.84 mAh·g−1 and long term charge/discharge stability. The corresponding button-shaped solid-state ZAB also presents excellent charge/discharge durability (>466 cycles) with outstanding performances. Most importantly, two as-synthesized button solid-state ZABs catalysts can afford a 2 V LED lamp over 36 h, proving the strong pratical application prospect.
Review—Nanostructured Electrochemical Sensors for Determination of the First Generation of the NNRTIs for HIV-1
Authors: Silwana Bongiwe , Matoetoe Mangaka C.
Published: September 2022

Since the 1980s, the HIV/AIDS pandemic has been a global concern and remains despite the tremendous efforts and successes in the development of antiviral drugs. The drug development and formulation process are not without challenges. However, the effective use of excipients can allow formulators to circumvent or at least minimize the impact of these challenges. Some of the challenges include ensuring a high quality of actives, free from impurities, and ensuring administration in appropriate quantities. Incorrect dosing can have a detrimental impact on the body. Evaluation of the quality and physiological function of these drugs in pharmaceutical and biological samples is vital. Considering this, we explore the potential application of electrochemical methods for the detection of these drugs. Electrochemical methods are versatile and enable faster and cheaper detection in comparison to conventional techniques. This review paper provides an outline of the latest developments and new trends in electroanalysis of the first generation of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors class of drugs. Furthermore, we highlight several phenomena occurring on bare solid electrodes and modified electrodes, including underlying mechanisms. In addition, we investigate the physical and electrochemical properties together with their figures of merits. The review covers only the reactions occurring at the surface of bare and modified electrodes and the reader is referred to the cited literature for the corresponding voltammograms of these studies. Recent data shows that modified electrodes based on nanoparticles present substantial advantages over their non-modified counterparts enabling portability, higher selectivity, and multiple detection capabilities. These characteristics make nanoparticles promising candidates for the design of sensors.
Deciphering Highly Sensitive Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensor Based on Nanoscale CuO/PEDOT-MoS2Electrodes in Chronoamperometry
Authors: Medhi Ankush , Mohanta D.
Published: September 2022

The present work demonstrates fabrication of a non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on CuO nanoparticles deposited over poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) conducting polymer infiltrated with nanoscale MoS2. Structural, morphological and elemental analyses of the fabricated sensor electrodes were performed via different characterization techniques like X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), elemental dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR). The cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies of the hybrid nanoelectrode (CuO/PEDOT-MoS2) exhibited better redox activity and electron transfer kinetics, as compared with the CuO/PEDOT and CuO only systems. Accordingly, the electrochemical parameters of all the systems were determined and compared at large. The CuO/PEDOT-MoS2hybrid electrode system offered a significant enhancement in the electroactive area (∼1.47 cm2) and rate constant (0.76 s−1) upon oxidizing glucose into gluconic acid. In the CV responses, an augmented activity was monitored at +0.6 V which was considered as the dc bias potential in the chronoamperometric experiment for detecting glucose suitably. The sensor electrode yielded a low LOD of 0.046μM and with a sensitivity magnitude as high as 829μA mM−1cm−2over a wide linear range, between 30μM to 1.06 mM of glucose concentration. Deployment of organic-inorganic nanomaterial based non-enzymatic sensor would find immense scope in non-clinical diagnostics and pharmaceutical applications for fast, convenient and smart sensing.
Analysis and Application of Enterprise Performance Evaluation of Cross-Border E-Commerce Enterprises Based on Deep Learning Model
Authors: Shang Hongjiang , Li Weijia , Li Gengxin , Zhao Sheng , Li Lei , Li Yongjian
Published: September 2022

With the rise and gradual development of the Internet, today's era has been transformed into the information age. The network transaction mode has involved all levels. At the same time, a new business model is gradually emerging, that is, e-commerce enterprises. Compared with the traditional business model, e-commerce enterprises are more information technology, networking, and convenience. In the current cross-border e-commerce enterprise development model, e-commerce enterprise performance evaluation and application have always been a key concern. Based on the lag of performance calculation and analysis of cross-border e-commerce enterprises, this paper carries out experimental analysis by combining the in-depth learning model. The results of the experiment are as follows: (1) it analyzes the growth situation of overseas Internet sales enterprises, determines the research direction of the experiment, puts forward the construction principles of the performance index system of overseas Internet sales enterprises, and constructs the performance evaluation system of overseas Internet sales enterprises according to the principles, to ensure the reliability of data and effectiveness of performance accounting. (2) On the basis of retaining the traditional performance calculation and evaluation mode of cross-border e-commerce enterprises, the in-depth learning mode is integrated into the performance evaluation process of overseas Internet sales enterprises. Using the in-depth learning mathematical algorithm combined with the enterprise performance calculation algorithm of cross-border e-commerce enterprises can not only ensure the effectiveness of performance calculation but also classify more quickly, facilitate the later use, and reduce the pressure on business enterprise enterprises.
Gearbox Fault Diagnosis Based on a Sparse Principal Component-Generalized Regression Neural Network
Authors: Wang Yimo , Han Yajun
Published: September 2022

The fault diagnosis of urban rail transit gearboxes has the characteristics of complex vibration signals and large amounts of data. The daily scheduled maintenance cannot meet the needs of gearbox maintenance, so it is necessary to predict the fault types in advance. In this paper, a method of gearbox fault prediction based on sparse principal component analysis and a generalized regression neural network is presented, and the result of fault prediction can provide a reference for making maintenance plans. Based on principal component analysis (PCA), a sparse principal component is obtained by adding the LASSO penalty term, which reduces the risk of overfitting of PCA while obtaining a sparse solution. Then, the sparse reduced dimension principal component is input into the generalized regression neural network model for fault diagnosis. The results show that the fault diagnosis method based on the sparse principal component-generalized regression neural network model has high accuracy and is time-consuming.
Optimization and Mechanical Characteristics of AA6061/Zirconia Nanocomposites Fabricated by Ultrasonic‐Aided Stir Casting Method
Authors: Gacem Amel , Refat Moamen S. , Ali H. Elhosiny , Naidu S. C. V. Ramana Murty , Beenarani B. , Deole Pranjali , Kumar S. Sandeep , Rama S. , Alsuhaibani Amnah Mohammed , Diriba Abdi
Published: September 2022

Using the Taguchi Grey response surface approach, this study investigates the effect of novel ultrasonic‐aided stir casting conditions on the production of AA6061/zirconia nanocomposites. A Taguchi L16 orthogonal array was utilized to conduct the researches, which included ultrasonic power (1.75‐2.5 kW), time (5‐20 min), temperature (750‐900°C), which can cause premature solidification, stir pressure (100‐250 MPa), and reinforcement weight percentage (wt% of reinforcement). Ultrasonic‐aided stir casting technique has five adjustable parameters (2‐5). The ultimate tensile strength, elongation percentage, hardness, and size of the grain material were some of the metrics used to evaluate the process performance. It was decided to employ the response surface approach to model and optimize the numerous replies into one grey relational analysis. AA6061/zirconia nanocomposites were studied using statistical methods such as 3D surface plots and variance analysis. 2.2537 kW, 16.28 min ultrasonic duration, weight % of reinforcement of 1.9, stirring temperature of 700.73°C, and stirring pressure of 142.63 MPa were found to be the best parameter values.
A Fractional-Order Discrete Lorenz Map
Authors: Xie Yanyun
Published: September 2022

In this paper, a discrete Lorenz map with the fractional difference is analyzed. Bifurcations of the map in commensurate-order and incommensurate-order cases are studied when an order and a parameter are varied. Hopf bifurcation and periodic-doubling cascade are found by the numerical simulations. The parameter values of Hopf bifurcation points are determined when the order is taken as a different value. It can be concluded that the parameter decreases as the order increases. Chaos control and synchronization for the fractional-order discrete Lorenz map are studied through designing the suitable controllers. The effectiveness of the controllers is illustrated by numerical simulations.
Early Neurodevelopmental Outcomes after Previable Preterm Prelabour Rupture of Membranes (pPPROM)
Authors: Pylypjuk Christy L. , Nikel Katarina , Day Chelsea , Majeau Ladonna , Yu Adelicia , ElSalakawy Yasmine , Ricci M. Florencia
Published: September 2022

Objective. To describe the early neurodevelopmental outcomes following fetal exposure to previable preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (pPPROM). Methods. This was a secondary analysis of a subgroup of neonates born following pPPROM from a retrospective cohort study (2009–2015). Surviving infants who underwent standardized neurodevelopmental evaluation at 18–24 months corrected age (CA) between 2017 and 2019 were eligible for inclusion. Data abstracted from hospital charts were linked to prospectively collected developmental outcomes stored in an electronic database from a regional neonatal follow-up clinic. The primary outcome was Bayley-III composite scores (compared to the population mean 100, standard deviation (SD) 15). Secondary outcomes included presence of cerebral palsy, vision loss, hearing impairment, and requirement of rehabilitation therapy. Descriptive statistics were used to present results. Results. 25.7% (19/74) of neonates born after pPPROM survived to hospital discharge, but only 21.6% (16/74) survived to 18–24 months CA. Of these, 9 infants were eligible for follow-up at the regional clinic and 7 had developmental outcomes stored in the electronic database. Infants exposed to pPPROM exhibited Bayley-III scores more than 1 SD below the population mean across all three domains: cognitive 84.9 (SD 12.2); motor 82.3 (SD 11.5); and language 66.4 (SD 18.9). There were particular deficiencies in language development with 71% (5/7) scoring more than 2 SDs below the population mean. There were no cases of cerebral palsy. Conclusions. Only 1 in 5 infants born following expectantly managed pPPROM survived to 18–24 months CA. These infants born after pPPROM had significantly lower Bayley-III scores and particular deficiencies in language development. Better understanding of early neurodevelopmental challenges following pPPROM will help refine counselling of families contemplating expectant management and provide insights into the postnatal educational resources required to improve long-term developmental outcomes for these children.
Application of Extreme Learning Machine Algorithm for Drought Forecasting
Authors: Raza Muhammad Ahmad , Almazah Mohammed M. A. , Ali Zulfiqar , Hussain Ijaz , Al-Duais Fuad S.
Published: September 2022

Drought is a complex and frequently occurring natural hazard in many parts of the world. Therefore, accurate drought forecasting is essential to mitigate its adverse impacts. This research has inferred the implication and the appropriateness of the extreme learning machine (ELM) algorithm for drought forecasting. For numerical evaluation, time series data of the Standardized Precipitating Temperature Index (SPTI) are used for nine meteorological stations located in various climatological zones of Pakistan. To assess the performance of ELM, this research includes parallel inferences of multilayer perceptron (MLP) and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models. The performance of each model is assessed using root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percent error (MAPE), Kling‐Gupta efficiency (KGE), Willmott index (WI), and Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Generally, graphical results illustrated an excellent performance of the ELM algorithm over MLP and ARIMA models. For training data of SPTI‐1, ELM’s best performance has observed at Chitral station (RMSE = 0.374, KGE = 0.838, WI = 0.960, MAE = 0.272, MAPE = 259.59, R = 0.93). For SPTI‐1 at Astore station, the numerical results are (RMSE = 0.688, KGE = 0.988, WI = 0.997, MAE = 0.798, MAPE = 247.35). The overall results indicate that the ELM outperformed by producing the smallest RMSE, MAE, and MAPE values and maximum values for KGE, WI, and correlation coefficient values at almost all the selected meteorological stations for (1, 3, 6, 9, and 12) month time scales. In summary, this research endorses the use of ELM for accurate drought forecasting.
Survey on the Current Situation of College English Teaching in China’s Universities and the Direction of College English Teaching Reform and Development
Authors: Duan Ruifang , Qiu Peilei
Published: September 2022

With the development of internationalization, English learning becomes more and more important. In the process of language learning, writing has always played a very important role. A writer’s language proficiency can be improved by the amount of reading experience and knowledge, which is necessary to produce high-quality writing. In recent years, there have been many writing assistant recommendation systems supported by different technical means, which provide great help for college students’ writing. In order to solve the problem that traditional recommendation algorithms can not recommend accurately, this paper proposes a hybrid recommendation algorithm and applies it to the recommendation of English writing documents. The algorithm generates three-dimensional feature vectors by learning the characteristics of students like, dislike, and similar students. Three low-dimensional feature vectors are linearly combined to form the representation vector of college students. And the cosine similarity is used as the similarity index to recommend English writing literature related to similar college students to the target college students, so as to achieve the recommendation of English writing literature. Experimental results show that this recommendation algorithm is superior to the other four algorithms in mean absolute error (MAE) and time performance and has high recommendation quality.
Fast TDOA and FDOA Estimation for Coherent Pulse Signals
Authors: Liu Yan , Guo Fucheng
Published: September 2022

Time difference of arrival (TDOA) and frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) have been widely used for localizing temporally continuous signals passively. Temporal sparsity of pulse signals makes their TDOA and FDOA estimation processes much different, and computational complexity is a major concern in this area. This paper addresses the problem of fast TDOA and FDOA estimation of pulse signals and focuses mainly on narrowband coherent pulses. By decoupling the effects of TDOA and FDOA in the cost function of localization approximately, we propose a fast coarse TDOA and FDOA estimation method. The estimates are then refined with the cross-ambiguity function (CAF) algorithm within a small TDOA and FDOA neighborhood. In the simulations, the proposed method is demonstrated to have satisfying TDOA and FDOA estimation precisions, and it exceeds existing counterparts largely in computational efficiency.
Study on Flow Model and Flow Equation of Shale Gas Based on Microflow Mechanism
Authors: Liu Huaxun , Gao Shusheng , Fang Feifei , Jiao Chunyan , Ye Liyou , Zhang Jie , An Weiguo
Published: September 2022

Shale gas storage and permeability space is between nanometers and micrometers and has strong multiscale characteristics, resulting in highly complicated shale gas flow. Therefore, the development of shale gas needs to clarify the seepage mechanism of shale gas and establish a flow model and flow equation that can analyze shale gas flow. In this paper, based on the single nanotube model, combined with the Weiyuan-Changning shale gas demonstration zone of the target layer of the Longmaxi formation shale core high-pressure mercury pore throat test results, the contribution of seepage, diffusion, transition flow, and free molecular flow to shale gas flow was calculated. The contribution of seepage and diffusion is over 95%, and seepage and diffusion are the main flow pattern. Then, a shale gas seepage and diffusion coupled flow model and coupled flow equation were established. A method for calculating shale permeability and diffusion was proposed using the relationship between flow pressure and shale gas velocity. Finally, shale gas flow experiment analysis was carried out to verify that the established shale gas flow model and flow equation can describe the shale gas flow well. The result shows that the flow rate of shale gas is composed of seepage flow rate and diffusion flow rate. The seepage flow rate is proportional to the pseudopressure difference and proportionate to the low-pressure squared difference. The diffusion velocity is proportional to the difference in shale gas density, and the pressure difference in low pressure is proportional. As the pressure of a shale gas reservoir decreases, the proportion of diffusion flow increases. The research results enrich the understanding of shale gas flow; it also has particular reference significance to the development of shale gas reservoirs.
Construction and Validation of a CNV-Driven Ferroptosis-Related Gene Signature for Predicting the Prognosis of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Yanqing , Zhao Yi , Li Yong , Luo Zemin , Chen Hongzhu
Published: September 2022

Background. Previous studies have shown that ferroptosis plays an integral role in the development of cancer and copy number variations (CNVs) have been reported to associated with the ferroptosis. However, the role of CNVs-driven ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) continues to be poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to establish a novel gene signature in LUAD based on CNVs-driven ferroptosis-related genes. Methods. The transcriptome data and clinical features of LUAD patients were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differential analysis was carried out to recognize differentially expressed CNV-driven FRGs. Univariate Cox and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses were utilized to identify prognosis-associated genes. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis was a builder to estimate the worth of model. In addition, the nomogram was created to estimate survival probability of each patient. Ultimately, the immune microenvironment landscape between high and low risk groups was evaluated. Results. A total of 22 differentially expressed CNV-driven FRGs were acquired in LUAD. These genes were significantly associated with serine family amino acid metabolism, iron regulation, reactive oxygen species metabolism, and cellular response to oxidative stress, and were involved in amino acid metabolism, malaria, amino acid biosynthesis, and HIF-1 signaling pathways. Moreover, on the strength of 6 genes (TFAP2A, SLC2A1, AURKA, CDO1, SLC7A11, and ALOX5), the prognostic model was created, and the LUAD samples were significantly fall into the high- and low-risk groups, with the high-risk group had a poorer prognosis. Furthermore, risk score was an independent prognostic element. The nomogram with excellent predictive performance was developed for calculating the final result of LUAD patients at 1, 2, and 3 years. Finally, 19 immune cells had different infiltration differences among groups. Conclusion. A novel CNV-driven ferroptosis-related prognosis was established and could be used as a predictive indicator in LUAD. However, further clinical and in vivo in vitro experiments are necessary.
Evaluation of Two Estrus Synchronization Protocols on Estrus Response, Conception, and the Kidding Rate during Lower Breeding Season for Abergele Goat in Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Wondim Bekahegn , Gobeze Mulatu , Bahiru Adane
Published: September 2022

Reproductive technologies are applied to accelerate genetic progress and enhance the reproductive performance of various livestock species. The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of pregnant mare serum gonadotropins (PMSGs) and prostaglandin (PGF2α) hormones on the oestrus response, conception rate, and kidding rate during the lower breeding season of the Abergele goat breed. A total of 77 Abergele does (25 for PMSG and 52 for PGF2α protocols) were used for the experiment. Experimental animals were allowed to graze (does) for approximately 8 hours and (bucks) for approximately 4 hours, followed by supplementation with a mixture of 300 to 350 g cowpea hay and wheat bran per day. For PMSG-treated does, a vaginal sponge impregnated with progesterone hormone was inserted and stayed for 12 days. After the removal of the vaginal sponge, 2 ml (400 IU) of PMSG hormone was injected for 25 does and allowed to be mated by selected bucks after 48 hours. While a single injection of PGF2α hormone was administered for 52 does and allowed for mating after 48 hours of hormone administration. The PMSG and PGF2α protocols resulted in estrus responses of 96% and 86.5%, respectively. The conception and kidding rates of does administered with the PGF2α protocol were better, with values of 57.7% and 55.8%, respectively. From the result, it was concluded that Abergele does were better responsive to both prostaglandins and gonadotropin-based protocols in inducing estrus, which can be used as an alternative approach for the improvement of the reproductive performance of goats. However, for the reason of better conception efficiency, kidding rate, and ease of application, the PGF2α protocol was found to be better responsive and effective for synchronizing Abergele does during the lower breeding season.
Identification of Gene Coexpression Modules and Prognostic Genes Associated with Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Shen Yanbing , He Wenfei , Wang Dan , Cao Ding , Mei Hongliang , Luan Tianji , Hu Yilin
Published: September 2022

Thyroid cancer is a great part of the endocrine tumor with an increasing incidence. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common subtype. With the enormous pace taken in the microarray technology, bioinformatics is applied in data mining more frequently. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) can perform analysis combining clinic information. We performed WGCNA for prognostic genes associated with PTC. From the GEO profile, we got ten modules. We identified a key module that was closest to patients’ survival time. Then, we screened five hub genes (ATRX, BOD1L1, CEP290, DCAF16, and NEK1) from the key module based on the clinical information from TCGA. These five genes not only significantly differ between the normal and tumor groups but have prognostic value. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve indicated that they had the potential to serve as prognostic genes. We performed next-generation sequencing using the PTC tissue to get more convincing evidence. Besides, we established a new signature and verified it through K-M plots and ROC. The signature could be an independent factor for the prognosis of PTC, and we built a nomogram to carry out a quantitative study. In a word, the hub genes we explored in the study deserved more basic and clinical research.
Multi-Input Deep Convolutional Neural Network Model for Short-Term Power Prediction of Photovoltaics
Authors: Zhang Huimin , Zhao Yang , Kang Huifeng , Mei Erzhao , Han Haimin
Published: September 2022

Along with the increasing prominence of energy and environmental issues, solar energy has received more and more extensive attention from countries around the world, and the installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation, as one of the main forms of solar energy development, has developed rapidly. Solar energy is by far the largest available source of energy on Earth, the use of solar power photovoltaic system has the advantages of flexible installation, simple maintenance, environmentally friendly, etc., by the world’s attention, especially the grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system has been rapid development. However, photovoltaic power generation itself is intermittent, affected by irradiance and other meteorological factors very drastically, and its own randomness and uncertainty are very large, and its grid connection affects the stability of the entire power grid. Therefore, the short-term prediction of photovoltaic power generation has important practical significance and guiding meaning. Multi-input deep convolutional neural networks belong to deep learning architectures, which use local connectivity, weight sharing, and subpolling operations, making it possible to reduce the number of weight parameters that need to be trained so that convolutional neural networks can perform well even with a large number of layers. In this paper, we propose a multi-input deep convolutional neural network model for PV short-term power prediction, which provides a short-term accurate prediction of PV power system output power, which is beneficial for the power system dispatching department to coordinate the cooperation between conventional power sources and PV power generation and reasonably adjust the dispatching plan, thus effectively mitigating the adverse effects of PV power system access on the power grid. Therefore, the accurate and reasonable prediction of PV power generation power is of great significance for the safe dispatch of power grid, maintaining the stable operation of power grid, and improving the utilization rate of PV power plants.
Distinct Cell Adhesion Signature Defines Glioblastoma Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Subsets
Authors: Bayik Defne , Bartels Cynthia F. , Lovrenert Katreya , Watson Dionysios C. , Zhang Duo , Kay Kristen , Lee Juyeun , Lauko Adam , Johnson Sadie , Lo Alice , Silver Daniel J. , McGraw Mary , Grabowski Matthew , Mohammadi Alireza M. , Veglia Filippo , Fan Yi , Vogelbaum Michael A. , Scacheri Peter , Lathia Justin D.
Published: September 2022

In multiple types of cancer, an increased frequency in myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) is associated with worse outcomes and poor therapeutic response. In the glioblastoma (GBM) microenvironment, monocytic (m) MDSCs represent the predominant subset. However, the molecular basis of mMDSC enrichment in the tumor microenvironment compared with granulocytic (g) MDSCs has yet to be determined. Here we performed the first broad epigenetic profiling of MDSC subsets to define underlying cell-intrinsic differences in behavior and found that enhanced gene accessibility of cell adhesion programs in mMDSCs is linked to their tumor-accelerating ability in GBM models upon adoptive transfer. Mouse and human mMDSCs expressed higher levels of integrin β1 and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) compared with gMDSCs as part of an enhanced cell adhesion signature. Integrin β1 blockade abrogated the tumor-promoting phenotype of mMDSCs and altered the immune profile in the tumor microenvironment, whereas treatment with a DPP-4 inhibitor extended survival in preclinical GBM models. Targeting DPP-4 in mMDSCs reduced pERK signaling and their migration towards tumor cells. These findings uncover a fundamental difference in the molecular basis of MDSC subsets and suggest that integrin β1 and DPP-4 represent putative immunotherapy targets to attenuate myeloid cell-driven immune suppression in GBM.

Significance:

Epigenetic profiling uncovers cell adhesion programming as a regulator of the tumor-promoting functions of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells in glioblastoma, identifying therapeutic targets that modulate the immune response and suppress tumor growth.
Stress-Mediated Attenuation of Translation Undermines T-cell Activity in Cancer
Authors: Riesenberg Brian P. , Hunt Elizabeth G. , Tennant Megan D. , Hurst Katie E. , Andrews Alex M. , Leddy Lee R. , Neskey David M. , Hill Elizabeth G. , Rivera Guillermo O. Rangel , Paulos Chrystal M. , Gao Peng , Thaxton Jessica E.
Published: September 2022

Protein synthesis supports robust immune responses. Nutrient competition and global cell stressors in the tumor microenvironment (TME) may impact protein translation in T cells and antitumor immunity. Using human and mouse tumors, we demonstrated here that protein translation in T cells is repressed in solid tumors. Reduced glucose availability to T cells in the TME led to activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) element eIF2α (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha). Genetic mouse models revealed that translation attenuation mediated by activated p-eIF2α undermines the ability of T cells to suppress tumor growth. Reprograming T-cell metabolism was able to alleviate p-eIF2α accumulation and translational attenuation in the TME, allowing for sustained protein translation. Metabolic and pharmacological approaches showed that proteasome activity mitigates induction of p-eIF2α to support optimal antitumor T-cell function, protecting from translation attenuation and enabling prolonged cytokine synthesis in solid tumors. Together, these data identify a new therapeutic avenue to fuel the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy.

Significance:

Proteasome function is a necessary cellular component for endowing T cells with tumor killing capacity by mitigating translation attenuation resulting from the unfolded protein response induced by stress in the tumor microenvironment.
Associations between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Health-Related Quality-of-Life Measures in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Cross Temara , George Anthony , Attwood Kristopher , Zhang Yali , O'Connor Tracey L. , Barone Nancy , Hulme Karen , Ambrosone Christine B. , Yao Song , Hong Chi-Chen
Published: September 2022

Background:

Recent evidence suggests that vitamin D might lower breast cancer mortality. There is also growing interest in vitamin D's potential association with health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL). Associations between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations and HRQoL were examined prospectively among breast cancer survivors at the time of diagnosis and 1 year later.

Methods:

504 women with incident early-stage breast cancer at Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center were included, and 372 patients provided assessments 1 year later. At each timepoint, participants provided blood samples and completed the SF-36 Health Survey, and surveys on perceived stress, depression, and fatigue. Season-adjusted serum 25OHD concentrations were analyzed in relation to HRQoL measures using multivariable logistic regression models.

Results:

Approximately 32% of participants had deficient vitamin D levels at diagnosis, which decreased to 25% at 1 year. Concurrently, although SF-36 physical health summary scores were lower at 1 year, mental health summary scores improved, and levels of depression and perceived stress were lower. In comparison with women with sufficient 25OHD levels (>30 ng/mL) at diagnosis, those who were deficient (<20 ng/mL) had significantly worse HRQoL at diagnosis and 1 year later. Vitamin D deficiency 1 year post-diagnosis was also associated with worse HRQoL, particularly among breast cancer survivors who took vitamin D supplements.

Conclusions:

Breast cancer survivors with vitamin D deficiency were more likely to report lower HRQoL than those with sufficient levels at the time of diagnosis and 1 year post-diagnosis.

Impact:

Our results indicate a potential benefit of vitamin D supplementation for improving breast cancer survivorship.
Prevalence of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance in Black South African Men
Authors: Cicero Kara I. , Joffe Maureen , Patel Moosa , Chiuzan Codruta , Pentz Audrey , Ruff Paul , Lentzsch Suzanne , Leng Siyang , Jacobson Judith S. , Rebbeck Timothy R. , Neugut Alfred I.
Published: September 2022

Background:

Both multiple myeloma and its precursor, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), occur twice as often within Black compared with White populations, suggesting that racial disparities lie within the development of MGUS. Nonetheless, MGUS has been studied mainly in White cohorts; the study that first described the natural history of MGUS was conducted in 97.3% White Olmsted County, Minnesota.

Methods:

We determined the prevalence of MGUS among 386 Black South African (SA) men >30 years at Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital in Johannesburg. We conducted serum protein electrophoresis and free light chain quantification to define MGUS by the same criteria as the Olmsted County studies. We also investigated the association between MGUS and various clinical factors, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and smoking.

Results:

We found the prevalence of MGUS to be 8.03% [95% confidence interval (CI), 5.32–10.74], nearly 1.6-fold higher than in the White Olmsted County male population. In a univariable logistic regression model, MGUS was associated with HIV status (OR, 2.39; 95% CI, 0.95–5.49), but in an adjusted model that included body mass index and cigarette use, the association was not statistically significant. Those who were current (vs. never) cigarette smokers were more likely to have MGUS in both univariable (OR, 5.60; 95% CI, 2.16–17.42) and multivariable models (OR, 4.49; 95% CI, 1.63–14.56).

Conclusions:

The prevalence of MGUS in Black SA men is substantially higher than in White populations and may be associated with HIV status and cigarette use.

Impact:

Racial disparities in MGUS exist and may be associated with potentially modifiable risk factors.
A DESCONSTRUÇÃO DO SUICÍDIO DE VLADIMIR HERZOG E A LUTA CONTRA A DITADURA
Authors: Kleinas Alberto
Published: September 2022

O Caso Herzog impactou a história do nosso país. Há apenas 40 anos (25 de outubro de 1975) o “suicídio” de um jornalista judeu virou manchete de todos os jornais. Este trabalho trata das forças que operaram por trás desta tragédia familiar e alimentaram a oposição ao regime militar brasileiro.
Debates sobre a liturgia: a prece judaica como objeto de estudo acadêmico
Authors: Rachmann Miriam Kleingesinds
Published: September 2022

Este artigo se propõe a colocar em debate o que são os Estudos em Liturgia Judaica. A relevância deste estudo se dá na ausência de materiais publicados e pesquisadores dedicados ao tema. No presente artigo, poe-se em diálogo os pesquisadores que se dedicaram a estudar a prece judaica e, em suas análises, desenvolveram métodos de estudo com abordagens diversas. Apresenta-se, então, um panorama da produção acadêmica mundial em Liturgia Judaica bem como o desenvolvimento lento e recente da área no que tange à pesquisa acadêmica.
Esther: a cortesã, a polaca e a matriz bíblica da mulher sedutora
Authors: Mello Lucius de
Published: September 2022

O que a rainha hebreia Esther tem em comum com as cortesãs literárias também de origem judaica Esther Markowitz e Esther van Gobseck, protagonistas dos romances de Balzac e Scliar? Este artigo busca contribuir com as pesquisas que se ocupam da fabulação literária da cortesã na literatura, especialmente na narrativa bíblica e nos romances que abordaram o tema em épocas distintas, como Esplendores e misérias das cortesãs, do escritor francês, cristão e católico, Honoré de Balzac, e O ciclo das águas, do ficcionista judeu Moacyr Scliar.
Pós-memória e a literatura a partir da alteridade: o judeu em Malinski, da irlandesa Síofra O’Donovan
Authors: Nagayama Eda
Published: September 2022

Malinski (2000), da irlandesa Síofra O’Donovan, narra a trajetória de dois irmãos poloneses separados durante a Segunda Guerra. Um alfaiate de Lvov, único personagem judeu, aparece somente como lembrança efêmera e fantasmagoria. A obra é vista aqui como resultado de uma memória afiliativa invertida, a partir da proposição de pós-memória de Marianne Hirsch (2008). Mesmo não intencionalmente, O’Donovan perfaz um esmaecimento dos judeus e do Holocausto e reitera o debate contemporâneo dos poloneses exclusivamente como vítimas e impotentes bystanders.