bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studi Eksperimental dan Simulasi Numerik Karakteristik Aerodinamika Airfoil NACA 4412
Authors: Effendy Marwan , Muchlisin Muchlisin
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki karakteristik aliran di sekitar profil airfoil NACA 4412 dengan eksperimen dan simulasi numerik. Spesimen uji tiga dimensi dari bahan kayu balsa dengan panjang chord 100 mm dan lebar span 200 mm dibuat dalam skala laboratorium untuk keperluan pengujian pada terowongan angin, sedangkan simulasi direalisasikan dengan geometri airfoil dalam bentuk dua dimensi. Sejumlah 810.000 elemen bujursangkar dengan nilai Δy+ hingga 17,2 berhasil dibuat untuk mencapai tingkat keakuratan hasil simulasi keadaan tunak berbasis Reynolds Average Navier Stokes (RANS). Penyelidikan karakteristik aerodinamika dilakukan pada sudut serang (α) antara -5o dan 20o dengan kecepatan udara 10 m/s. Beberapa parameter penting seperti koefisien lift (CL), koefisien drag (CD), rasio lift-drag (L/D), koefisien distribusi tekanan (CP) serta profil aliran udara di sekitar airfoil diselidiki secara seksama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa koefisien hambat (CD) dan koefisien angkat (CL) yang diperoleh dengan pendekatan numerik maupun pengujian dalam wind tunnel memiliki kesesuaian dengan data peneliti terdahulu. Seiring dengan peningkatan sudut serang airfoil (α), kedua koefisien tersebut mengalami peningkatan. Penurunan koefisien angkat terjadi secara signifikan pada kondisi stall, yaitu pada saat sudut serang melebihi dari 15°. Perubahan sudut serang berpengaruh terhadap pergeseran titik stagnasi maupun titik ekspansi di daerah leading edge pada permukaan bodi airfoil, yang selanjutnya mempengaruhi karakteristik aerodinamika secara keseluruhan. Semakin besar perbedaan tekanan antara sisi atas dan bawah dari bodi airfoil menghasilkan gaya angkat yang semakin besar.
Analisis Pengaruh Temperatur dan Laju Aliran Massa Cooling Water Terhadap Efektivitas Kondensor di PT. Geo Dipa Energi Unit Dieng
Authors: Yohana Eflita , Farizki Bangkit , Sinaga Nazaruddin , Julianto Mohamad Endy , Hartati Indah
Published: October 2019

Kondensor merupakan alat penukar kalor yang berfungsi untuk mengkondensasikan uap keluaran turbin. Kinerja dari suatu kondensor dapat dilihat dari nilai efektivitasnya. Efektivitas kondensor dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor antara lain aliran steam dan aliran cooling water. Faktor penting yang berpengaruh terhadap kinerja kondensor adalah banyaknya sirkulasi cooling water yang masuk ke kondensor. Kondensor yang digunakan di PT. Geo Dipa Energi Unit Dieng adalah jenis direct-contact condenser dimana cooling water disemprotkan ke dalam kondensor melalui nosel-nosel sehingga berbentuk butiran-butiran. Selanjutnya butiran-butiran tersebut akan bersentuhan langsung dengan butiran-butiran uap keluaran turbin sehingga terjadi kondensasi yang ditandai dengan pertumbuhan ukuran butiran cooling water. Dengan mengetahui pengaruh temperatur dan laju aliran massa cooling water terhadap efektivitas kondensor maka dapat diketahui performa kondensor yang ada di PT. Geo Dipa Energi Unit Dieng. Dari hasil perhitungan menggunakan metode efektivitas NTU diperoleh efektivitas tertinggi sebesar 92,02% dihasilkan pada saat temperatur cooling water yang masuk kondensor sebesar 19,89 ⁰C dan laju aliran massa cooling water yang masuk kondensor sebesar 2.392,12 kg/s. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa kondensor yang ada PT. Geo Dipa Energi Unit Dieng masih mempunyai performa yang baik.
Performansi Alat Penukar Kalor Udara-Tanah Menggunakan Siklus Tertutup di Kota Medan
Authors: Manik Terang UHS Ginting , Sitorus Tulus Burhanuddin , Syahputra Andi
Published: October 2019

Upaya menemukan sumber energi alternatif terbarukan akhir-akhir ini semakin gencar dilakukan seiring meningkatnya kebutuhan manusia akan konsumsi energi yang semakin tinggi. Penukar Kalor Udara-Tanah atau Earth-Air Heat Exchanger (EAHE) merupakan salah satu solusi yang dapat dikembangkan dengan memanfaatkan energi yang tersimpan dalam tanah. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kinerja EAHE terhadap penurunan suhu udara yang masuk ke dalam ruangan uji maupun yang keluar, nilai Number of Transfer Unit dan juga nilai Coefficient of Performance pada pipa tanam bawah tanah. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa EAHE yang digunakan sebagai pendingin pasif ruangan dapat memberikan kinerja yang cukup baik dengan penurunan suhu di ruangan uji yang mencapai 3–6o C. NTU terendah pada tanggal 3 September 2018 diperoleh sebesar 3,9977, dan tertinggi sebesar 3,9879 dengan kecepatan udara 2 m/s. Sementara itu, pada tanggal 20 Agustus 2018, di peroleh nilai NTU tertinggi sebesar 3,6503 dan terendah sebesar 3,6463 dengan kecepatan udara 3 m/s. Saat kecepatan udara 2 m/s, nilai NTU rata-rata 3,9925 sehingga nilai COP rata-rata 4,011. Ketika kecepatan udara 3 m/s nilai NTU rata-rata 3,6481 maka nilai COP rata-rata 3,5880
Pengujian Viskositas Minyak Limbah Biji Jambu Mente Hasil Pirolisis
Authors: Oskar Inong , Putra Andi Erwin Eka
Published: October 2019

Sumber daya energi terbarukan di Indonesia sangat berpotensi, dimana salah satunya adalah potensi biomassa. Berdasarkan data BPPT-Outlook Energi Indonesia tahun 2017, potensi sumber daya energi biomassa sebesar 32.654 Mwe. Di sisi lain, Negara Indonesia sangat kaya sumber daya alam, salah satunya adalah jambu mete (Anacardium Occidentale), yang kulit biji (cangkang) jambu mente ini menghasilkan limbah dan belum dimanfaatkan secara maksima sebagai produk yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis. Pirolisis merupakan dekomposisi termokimia bahan organic melalui proses pemanasan tanpa atau sedikit oksigen atau pereaksi kimia lainnya, sedangkan viskositas merupakan ukuran untuk menyatakan kekentalan suatu larutan atau fluida. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui temperatur dan jumlah produksi dari minyak, tar dan nilai viskositas (dari minyak dan tar) yang terdapat pada limbah kulit biji jambu mente dengan menggunakan teknologi pirolisis, kenaikan temperature diukur dengan termokopel, dan jumlah produk yang dihasilkan diukur dengan timbangan digital sedangkan nilai viskositasnya diukur dengan viskometer Otswald. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen. Limbah kulit biji jambu mente dipanaskan sampai pada temperatur dimana minyak dan tar mulai keluar atau berproduksi. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa temperatur produksi minyak dari limbah kulit biji jambu mente mulai dari 218-245.50 C sedangkan tarnya mulai dari 245.5-3470 C, dengan jumlah produksi minyak 85 % dan tar 15 %, nilai viskositas untuk minyak 0.9528 cP sedangkan nilai viskositas tar tidak terdeteksi karena sampel melengket di dinding viscometer.
Analisis Kekuatan Struktur Wereable Elbow Exoskeleton untuk Penderita Kelumpuhan Gerak Siku Menggunakan Finite Element Method (FEM)
Authors: Ismail Rifky , Sitanggang Frandy A , Ariyanto Mochammad
Published: October 2019

Perkembangan wearable elbow exoskeleton sejalan dengan perkembangan robotika, dimana untuk beberapa keperluan untuk digunakan membutuhkan penyesuaian pada penggunaan material. Pada perkembangan robotika, jenis robot dibedakan menjadi 2 jenis yaitu hard robotic dan soft robotic berdasarkan material yang digunakan.. Pada wearable exoskeleton robotic juga mengadaptasi perkembangan material yang dapat menunjang nilai ergonomi untuk penderita dapat menggunakannya lebih nyaman lagi. Di Indonesia riset tentang elbow exoskeleton sudah dilakukan (Ismail, 2018), namun perlu ada nya pengujian kekuatan struktur dari alat terapi tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini akan membahas kekuatan struktur dari wearable elbow exoskeleton yang sudah dirancang dengan menggunakan Metode Elemen Hingga dimana benda terdiri dari tak terhingga elemen yang menyusunnya. Dengan tidak adanya metode elemen hingga tersebut maka akan sangat sulit untuk dianalisis tegangan atau deformasinya. Untuk memudahkan analisis tersebut dapat dianggap bahwa suatu benda terdiri dari jumlah berhingga elemen. Metode elemen hingga adalah sebuah metode yang melakukan pendekatan dengan menganggap suatu benda terdiri dari berhingga elemen. Elemen-elemen tersebut dianggap terpisah dan dihubungkan dengan titik yang dinamakan titik nodal sehingga membentuk suatu jaring, Semakin kecil ukuran elemen, semakin kecil kesalahan yang timbul. Proses simulasi ini diberikan beberapa batasan-batasan yang digunakan pada simulasi. Pada boundary condition, ditentukan beban-beban yang bekerja pada geometri dan tumpuan apa saja yang digunakan pada geometri. Boundary condition yang ditetapkan pada simulasi harus sebisa mungkin sama dengan kondisi yang sebenarnya, karena akan mempengaruhi hasil yang akan didapatkan pada proses simulasi. Dari hasil simulasi didapatkan pada bagian motor-linkage tegangan maksimum sebesar 0.0016 MPa dan safety factor sebesar 13,05, pada Linkage tegangan maksimum yang diterima sebesar 58,461 MPa dan safety factor sebesar 3,561, sedangkan pada base tegangan maksimum yang diterima sebesar 7,624 MPa dan safety factor sebesar 3,542. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan jika pada bagian-bagian yang dianggap rawan untuk terjadi kegagalan dinilai memiliki faktor keamanan yang cukup baik untuk digunakan bahkan pada tegangan maksimumnya.
Looking Back (To Our Hospital Jubilee)
Authors: Panoušek Vladimír
Published: October 2019

Article without abstract.
Protective properties of kefir on burn wounds of mice that were infected with S. aureus, P. auroginasa and E. coli
Authors: Cetik Yildiz Songul , Demir Cemil , Cengiz Mustafa , Ayhanci Adnan
Published: October 2019

Burns and burn wounds are very sensitive to infections and cause a large amount of death worldwide. Although burn wound is sterile at the beginning, because of the risk factors such as prolonged hospital stay, immune suppression and burn affecting large surface area, colonisation with Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli occur. For the burn therapy, one of the most important ways is to control bacterial infections. A probiotic fermented milk product kefir has antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, anticancer and various health promoting features. This study aims to examine possible protective properties of kefir which was used on the burn wounds that were infected with S. aureus, P. auroginasa and E. coli.  Swiss albino / Balb-c mice were seperated into four groups: (1) used as control group, (2) second-degree burn model+ burn wounds were infected with P.aeruginosa + S.aureus + E.coli, (3) second-burn wounds were treated with sterile pads dressed with kefir and (4) second-degree burn+burn wounds were infected with P. aeruginosa + S.aureus +E.coli before being treated with sterile pads dressed with kefir. The serum biochemical results verified the histopathological results and our findings showed that kefir is an effective product with cell-protecting properties.
SIRT2 deficiency prevents age-related bone loss in rats by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis
Authors: Jing Yixuan , Zhou Yanman , Zhou Feiye , Wang Xiaofeng , Tao Bei , Sun Lihao , Liu Jianmin , Zhao Hongyan
Published: October 2019

Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) is a deacetylase that belongs to class III family of histone deacetylases (HDACs). Although it is the most abundantly expressed member of HDAC-III in human bone tissues, it is unclear whether SIRT2 plays a role in bone metabolism. In this study, the role of SIRT2 in bone metabolism, and the underlying mechanism were investigated. In in vivo experiments, micro-CT analysis revealed that there were no differences in bone microstructures between SIRT2-KO and WT rats at 12 weeks of age. However, in 36-week-old rats, increased Tb. BMD, bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and trabecular number (Tb. N) of distal femurs were observed in SIRT2-KO rats, when compared with those of WT rats. Moreover, reduced serum Î²-CTX was identified in the 36-week old rats. In in vitro studies, inhibition of SIRT2 with its specific inhibitor, AGK2, suppressed the differentiation of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BMMs) into osteoclasts via reduction of the expressions of c-Fos and NFATc1. These results suggest that SIRT2 plays a role in age-related bone loss, probably by regulating osteoclastogenesis.
Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and sedative/hypnotic effects of Icaritin, and its effect on chloride influx in mouse brain cortical cells
Authors: Huang Fengyu , Zhang Yaodong , Xu Yinfeng , Xiang Wei , Xie Chaofan
Published: October 2019

Inflammation and insomnia are medical problems that may severely affect work and health, thereby necessitating strategies for their effective treatment. Icartin (ICT) is a major active monomeric component of icariin  . Studies have revealed that ICT possesses several pharmacological properties such anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-fibrotic, anti-osteoporotic and neuroprotective effects. The present research was carried out to investigate the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and sedative/hypnotic effects of ICT. The results obtained revealed that ICT exerted a good anti-inflammatory effect related to the downregulations of inflammatory cytokines and the inhibition of COX-2 signaling pathway. Moreover, ICT enhanced Cl- influx in mouse cortical cells in a concentration-dependent manner. These data suggest that ICT exerts a hypnotic effect in mice through a mechanism associated with increased Cl- influx in cortical cells.
Sodium azulene sulfonate reverses multidrug resistance in K562/A02 cells
Authors: Wang Ziwei , Zhou Na , Zhao Jianqi , Zhang Xin
Published: October 2019

Overexpression of p-glycoprotein (p-gp) is the main cause of multidrug resistance and chemotherapy failure in leukemia. Sodium azulene sulfonate (SAS) was used to reverse the multidrug resistance of human leukemia adriamycin-resistant strain K562/A02, and the underlying mechanism was investigated. Human leukemia cell line K562 and drug-resistant cell line K562/A02 in logarithmic phase were used in this study. After 48 hours of treatment of K562/A02 cells with SAS, the intrinsic cytotoxicity of chlorogenic acid and its sensitivity to adriamycin (ADM) were determined with MTT assay. The degree of reversal was calculated. Using ADM accumulation and rhodamine 123 efflux experiments, the average fluorescence intensity of ADM and rhodamine 123 (Rh123) in chlorogenic acid-treated K562/A02 cells was determined flow cytometrically. The expressions of p-gp, t-Akt and p-Akt in K562/A02 cells were assayed using Western blotting. SAS had almost no cytotoxic effect, and the degree of inhibition was only about 20% at the highest concentration of 100 mu-M. The EC50 of MDR reversal by SAS was in the nano range (539±37nM), and it had a high selectivity index for normal cells (>185). The accumulation of ADM in drug-resistant cells was increased significantly after treatment with 1 and 5 mu-M SAS, while the efflux of Rh123 was significantly inhibited, suggesting that SAS reversed MDR by inhibiting p-gp function. Western blotting experiments showed that SAS downregulated the expression of p-gp by inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. This contributed to the reversal of drug resistance.SAS effectively reverses multidrug resistance in vitro by inhibiting the function of p-gp in K562/A02 cells, through a mechanism involving downregulation of the P13K/Akt signaling pathway. Therefore, SAS may be a potential candidate drug for reversal of MDR.
Glucose restriction reverses the Warburg effect and modulates PKM2 and mTOR expression in breast cancer cell lines
Authors: Tahtouh Roula , Wardi Layal , Sarkis Riad , Hachem Ray , Raad Issam , El Zein Nabil , Hilal George
Published: October 2019

Aerobic glycolysis, known as the "Warburg effect”, is one of several hallmarks of cancer cells. The conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to pyruvate can be down regulated by the re-expression of the embryonic isoform 2 of pyruvate kinase (PKM2). This mechanism allows the accumulation of glycolytic intermediates for the biosynthesis of macromolecules, such as proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. PKM2 is favored by the well-known PI3K/Akt/mTOR proliferative pathway. This pathway is induced by high glucose levels, and the mTOR kinase is the central activator of the Warburg effect. In this study, we investigated the role of glucose restriction (GR) and mTOR inhibition  in reversing the Warburg effect in MDA-MB 231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. PKM2 expression was measured by western blot. Lactate production by cells was determined by a colorimetric assay. The concentration of glucose in the supernatant of cells was measured using the Trinder method. ATP level  was evaluated by using a Colorimetric/Fluorometric ATP Assay Kit. Our results showed that MDA-MB 231 cells increased glucose consumption when the glucose concentration was 0 g/L (P <0.01). In MCF-7 cells, glucose deprivation reduced lactate secretion by 80% (P =0.0001) but tripled glucose consumption (P = 0.0041). ATP concentration increased approximately when MCF-7 cells were deprived of glucose (P = 0.02). GSK1059615 does not significantly modulate lactate secretion and glucose uptake in both cell lines. Glucose restriction contribute to the reduction of the Warburg effect through mTOR inhibition and regulation of PKM2 kinases.
Molecular characterization of Chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus strain D in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) from District Dera Ismail Khan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Rashid Kamran , Nahid Nazia , Ramzan Faiqah , Khan Muhammad Asaf , Shaheen Shabnum , Nasim Ammara , Masood Nazish , Briddon Rob W , Hussain Khadim
Published: October 2019

Chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus (CpCDV), a member of genus Mastrevirus (family Geminiviridae) is an important viral pathogen of chickpea and other legume crops in Middle East, North Africa, India and Pakistan. Among sixteen known strains of CpCDV three are known to infect legume crops in Punjab province of Pakistan. In this study diversity of CpCDV was explored in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province of Pakistan. In year 2016, during a survey in the chickpea growing areas of district Dera Ismail Khan, CpCDV infected plants were identified. Leaf samples were collected, and a diagnostic PCR confirmed mastreivrus infection in 4 out of 100 samples. From these samples full-length genome of CpCDV was amplified using specific back-to-back primers. Virus molecules were sequenced to their entirety and sequence analysis of a molecule KRF4 (GenBank accession # KY952837) showed the highest pair wise sequence identity of 97% with a CpCDV molecule (KM229787) isolated from chickpea plant. An SDT analysis revealed it to be the D strain of CpCDV and a recombination detection program (RDP) showed it to be a recombinant between C (KM229780) and L (KT634301) strains of CpCDV. Thus, further supporting the intra-species recombination for CpCDV and presence of the same strain in chickpea growing areas of Pakistan other than Punjab province. This is the first identification of CpCDV (genus Mastrevirus family Geminiviridae) from chickpea (Cicer arietinum) plants in District Dera Ismail Khan, KP province, Pakistan.
Sharp explicit oscillation conditions for difference equations with several delays
Authors: Chudinov Kirill M.
Published: October 2019

We consider explicit sufficient conditions for all solutions of a first-order linear difference equation with several variable delays and non-negative coefficients to be oscillatory.
The conditions have the form of inequalities bounding below the upper and lower limits of the sums of coefficients over a subset of the discrete semiaxis.
Our main results are oscillation tests based on a new principle for composing the estimated sums of coefficients.
We also give some results in the form of examples, including a counterexample to a wrong oscillation test cited in several recent papers.
Torsion elements of order 𝑝2 in the Nottingham group
Authors: Hui Chun Yin , Kishore Krishna
Published: October 2019

Let κ be a characteristic p finite field of q elements and

𝔑
κ

{\mathfrak{N}_{\kappa}}

the Nottingham group over κ.
Lubin associated to every conjugacy class of torsion element of

𝔑
κ

{\mathfrak{N}_{\kappa}}

a type.
We establish an upper bound

B
⁢

(
q
;
l
,
m
)

{B(q;l,m)}

on the number of conjugacy classes of order

p
2

{p^{2}}

torsion elements u of

𝔑
κ

{\mathfrak{N}_{\kappa}}

of type

〈
l
,
m
〉

{\langle l,m\rangle}

.
In the case where

l
<
p

{l<p}

, the bound

B
⁢

(
q
;
l
,
m
)

{B(q;l,m)}

is the exact number of conjugacy classes.
Moreover, we give a criterion on when u and

u
n

{u^{n}}

are conjugate.
Behavior and hippocampal Epac signaling to nicotine CPP in mice
Authors: Liu Jing , Tao Xinrong , Liu Fei , Hu Yuting , Xue Song , Wang Qi , Li Bing , Zhang Rongbo
Published: October 2019

Tobacco use is a major challenge to public health in the United States and across the world. Many studies have demonstrated that adult men and women differ in their responses to tobacco smoking, however neurobiological studies about the effect of smoking on males and females were limited. Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac) signaling participates in drug addictive behaviors. In this study, we examined the hippocampal Epac signaling in nicotine-induced place conditioning mice. Nicotine at 0.2 mg/kg and 0.4 mg/kg induced a conditioned place preference (CPP) in male and female mice, respectively. After CPP, male mice presented less anxiety-like behavior as demonstrated by an open-field test. The hippocampal Epac2 protein was elevated in both male and female nicotine place conditioning mice. However, Rap1 protein was elevated and CREB phosphorylation was reduced in female nicotine place conditioning mice. Our data provide direct evidence that hippocampal Epac signaling is altered in nicotine-induced CPP mice. Pharmacology manipulation Epac signaling may open a new avenue for the treatment of nicotine abuse and dependence.
Threat Memory Reminder Under Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Inhibitor Doxycycline Globally Reduces Subsequent Memory Plasticity
Authors: Bach Dominik R. , Näf Monika , Deutschmann Markus , Tyagarajan Shiva K. , Quednow Boris B.
Published: October 2019

Associative memory can be rendered malleable by a reminder. Blocking the ensuing reconsolidation process is suggested as a therapeutic target for unwanted aversive memories. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is required for structural synapse remodeling involved in memory consolidation. Inhibiting MMP-9 with doxycycline is suggested to attenuate human threat conditioning. Here, we investigated whether MMP-9 inhibition also interferes with threat memory reconsolidation. Male and female human participants (N= 78) learned the association between two visual conditioned stimuli (CS+) and a 50% chance of an unconditioned nociceptive stimulus (US), and between CS−and the absence of US. On day 7, one CS+was reminded without reinforcement 3.5 h after ingesting either 200 mg of doxycycline or placebo. On day 14, retention of CS memory was assessed under extinction by fear-potentiated startle. Contrary to our expectations, we observed a greater CS+/CS−difference in participants who were reminded under doxycycline compared with placebo. Participants who were reminded under placebo showed extinction learning during the retention test, which was not observed in the doxycycline group. There was no difference between the reminded and the nonreminded CS+in either group. In contrast, during relearning after the retention test, the CS+/CS−difference was more pronounced in the placebo group than in the doxycycline group. To summarize, a single dose of doxycycline before threat memory reminder appeared to have no specific impact on reconsolidation, but to globally impair extinction learning, and threat relearning, beyond drug clearance.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMatrix metalloproteinase-9 inhibition appears to attenuate memory consolidation. It could also be a target for blocking reconsolidation. Here, we test this hypothesis in human threat conditioning. We find that doxycycline has no specific impact on a reminded cue, but confers a global reduction in extinction learning and threat learning beyond the clearance of the drug. This may point toward a more long-lasting impact of doxycycline treatment on memory plasticity.
Long acting porcine sequence ACTH in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency
Authors: Nair Abilash , Jayakumari Chellamma , George Geena Susan , Jabbar Puthiyaveettil Khadar , Das Darvin V , Jessy S J , Aneesh T S
Published: October 2019

Objectives

Injectable tetracosactide hexa-acetate, ACTH 1-24 (Synacthen), is not marketed in many countries including India, whereas Injectable long acting porcine sequence, ACTH 1-39 (Acton Prolongatum®) is easily available and much cheaper. This study aimed to find the diagnostic accuracy of ACTH stimulation test using i.m. Acton Prolongatum® (acton prolongatum stimulation test, APST) in comparison with Synacthen (short synacthen test, SST) for the diagnosis of glucocorticoid insufficiency.

Methods

Subjects with a suspicion of adrenal insufficiency based on clinical features underwent a SST with 250 µg Synacthen followed by APST using 30 units of Acton Prolongatum®. Serum cortisol levels were measured at 60 and 120 min following injection of Acton Prolongatum®. Stimulated peak cortisol of less than 18 µg/dL on SST was considered as adrenal insufficiency.

Results

Forty seven patients with mean age of 36.7 ± 14.4 years were enrolled for the study. Based on SST, twenty (n = 20) persons were classified as having adrenal insufficiency, whereas twenty-seven (n = 27) were found to be normal. Area under the curve of APST (at 120 min) was 0.986 when compared to SST, thus proving its high accuracy. A serum cortisol cut off value of 19.5 µg/dL at 120-min following stimulation with Acton Prolongatum® showed a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 88%.

Conclusion

ACTH stimulation test using Acton Prolongatum® is an economical and accurate alternative to the short Synacthen test.
Differential effects of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids on autophagy in pancreatic β-cells
Authors: Dhayal Shalinee , Zummo Francesco P , Anderson Matthew W , Thomas Patricia , Welters Hannah J , Arden Catherine , Morgan Noel G
Published: October 2019

Long-chain saturated fatty acids are lipotoxic to pancreatic β-cells, whereas most unsaturates are better tolerated and some may even be cytoprotective. Fatty acids alter autophagy in β-cells and there is increasing evidence that such alterations can impact directly on the regulation of viability. Accordingly, we have compared the effects of palmitate (C16:0) and palmitoleate (C16:1) on autophagy in cultured β-cells and human islets. Treatment of BRIN-BD11 β-cells with palmitate led to enhanced autophagic activity, as judged by cleavage of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-I (LC3-I) and this correlated with a marked loss of cell viability in the cells. In addition, transfection of these cells with an mCherry-YFP-LC3 reporter construct revealed the accumulation of autophagosomes in palmitate-treated cells, indicating an impairment of autophagosome-lysosome fusion. This was also seen upon addition of the vacuolar ATPase inhibitor, bafilomycin A1. Exposure of BRIN-BD11 cells to palmitoleate (C16:1) did not lead directly to changes in autophagic activity or flux, but it antagonised the actions of palmitate. In parallel, palmitoleate also improved the viability of palmitate-treated BRIN-BD11 cells. Equivalent responses were observed in INS-1E cells and in isolated human islets. Taken together, these data suggest that palmitate may cause an impairment of autophagosome-lysosome fusion. These effects were not reproduced by palmitoleate which, instead, antagonised the responses mediated by palmitate suggesting that attenuation of β-cell stress may contribute to the improvement in cell viability caused by the mono-unsaturated fatty acid.
OsSPL10, a SBP-Box Gene, Plays a Dual Role in Salt Tolerance and Trichome Formation in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Lan Tao , Zheng Yali , Su Zilong , Yu Shibo , Song Haibing , Zheng Xiaoya , Lin Gege , Wu Weiren
Published: October 2019

Salinity is one of the major abiotic stress factors limiting rice production. Glabrousness is a trait of agronomic importance in rice (Oryza sativa L.). We previously found a single-gene recessive mutant sst, which displayed increased salt tolerance and glabrous leaf and glume without trichomes, and identified an SBP-box gene OsSPL10 as the candidate of the SST gene. In this study, OsSPL10-knockout and OsSPL10-overexpression mutants were created to check the function of the gene. The knockout mutants exhibited enhanced salt tolerance and glabrous leaves and glumes as expected, while the overexpression mutants showed opposite phenotypes, in which both salt sensitivity and trichome density on leaf and glume were increased. These results clearly confirmed that OsSPL10 is SST, and suggested that OsSPL10 controls the initiation rather than the elongation of trichomes. In addition, expression analysis indicated that OsSPL10 was preferentially expressed in young panicle and stem, and protein OsSPL10 was localized in nucleus. Taken together, OsSPL10 negatively controls salt tolerance but positively controls trichome formation in rice.
Modelos de gestión pedagógica, en zonas de atención prioritaria: análisis de una experiencia
Authors: Cerdas Montano Virginia , Marín Calderón Adyeri , Vargas Jiménez Ileana
Published: October 2019

Recibido 4 de octubre, 2007 • Aprobado 13 de noviembre, 2007

 

La División de Educación para el Trabajo del CIDE, Universidad Nacional implementa un proyecto de investigación, dirigido a administradores educativos. El objetivo del proyecto es elaborar una metodología para el desarrollo de modelos de gestión pedagógica, que respondan a las necesidades de cada centro educativo participante. Los resultados que se comparten son el producto de una serie de análisis de acción-reflexión-acción. La experiencia es desarrollada, en nueve escuelas, ubicadas en zonas de atención prioritaria. Entre los logros sobresalientes se encuentra la elaboración de modelos de gestión pedagógica propios, que buscan la pertinencia del currículo escolar de acuerdo con cada contexto. Los hallazgos que emergieron serán un aporte para la gestión de centros educativos.
La participación en las comunidades rurales: abriendo espacios para la participación desde la escuela
Authors: Torres Victoria Nancy
Published: October 2019

Recibido 18 de junio 2007 • Aprobado 15 de octubre 2007

 

 

El artículo se centra en el tema de la participación en la escuela rural, transita antes por el marco jurídico internacional y nacional del concepto y plantea interrogantes que tendrá que hacerse el docente rural que quiera abrir espacios de participación en la escuela rural. Además, incluye y desarrolla el concepto de capital social relacionándolo con el tema educativo.
De cuando Pinocho aprende valores. Una lectura de la novela de Collodi a la luz de las teorías de Shalom H. Schwartz y Leonardo Boff
Authors: Rubio Torres Carlos
Published: October 2019

Recibido 21 de agosto de 2008 • Aprobado 23 de marzo de 2009 • Corregido 23 de marzo de 2009

 

Carlo Collodi publicó los capítulos de la novela Pinocho entre 1880 y 1883. Desde entonces, se ha convertido en una obra fundamental de la literatura universal. En este artículo se contempla la posibilidad de que Pinocho ayude al lector a construir valores, con base en las perspectivas del psicólogo social Shalom H. Schwartaz y el teólogo Leonardo Boff.
De la instrucción a la literalización
Authors: Ulloa Brenes Gilbert
Published: October 2019

Recibido 30 de abril de 2008 • Aprobado 23 de marzo de 2009 Corregido 13 de abril de 2009

 

 

En este ensayo sobre Psicología de la Educación, propongo distinguir entre el quehacer educativo centrado en la relación instrucción-evaluación, el cual, siguiendo al Barthes estructuralista, entiendo como una Educación basada en la verosimilitud crítica, por oposición a un quehacer educativo que intentando recobrar todas las posibilidades del lenguaje, es entendida como literalización, es decir, como la recuperación por parte de los sujetos educativos de un logos que la instrucción-evaluación educativa les ha escamoteado.
Un estudio de caso de la estrategia administrativa basada en comités
Authors: Vílchez Quesada Enrique , Ulate Solís Gaby , Monge Gapper Ricardo
Published: October 2019

Recibido 4 de mayo de 2007 • Aprobado 31 de julio de 2008 • Corregido 18 de marzo de 2009

 

 

Se aplica la teoría de administración curricular para explicar el uso de la estrategia de gestión por comités en las instituciones de enseñanza general básica y diversificada. Se realiza un estudio de caso en una institución educativa del casco metropolitano, con características organizacionales comunes a una realidad nacional que incide en la mala praxis de esta estrategia. Se establecen dentro del estudio de caso, algunas de las causas de su mal uso en el contexto particular de la institución educativa UPJRAR, ubicada en Tibás y a la luz de estos resultados, se propone una serie de recomendaciones para mejorar la utilización de la estrategia administrativa basada en comités.
Aportes de la administración moderna a la gerencia educativa
Authors: Baltodano Zúñiga Víctor Julio , Badilla Alvarado Ana Rita
Published: October 2019

Recibido 23 de marzo de 2009 • Aceptado 29 de abril de 2009 • Corregido 28 de julio de 2009

 

En la actualidad, el gerente educativo, o director, dispone de una serie de herramientas de la administración moderna que permiten guiar la institución educativa hacia la calidad. Para ello, debe cumplir con una serie de funciones que se enmarcan dentro del proceso administrativo, tales como: planear, organizar, dirigir y controlar las actividades del centro a educativo. Este escrito tiene como objetivo dar a conocer algunos de estos aportes y la manera en que el gerente educativo puede utilizarlos para mejorar la institución educativa. La administración moderna pone a disposición de éste diferentes concepciones, que ayudan a visualizar la forma en que se debe gerenciar la institución.

La principal conclusión que se extrae es que no existe un cuerpo teórico único que garantice el éxito a un gerente educativo, sino que se debe utilizar lo mejor

de cada una de las concepciones que aporta la administración moderna, y adaptarlas, de acuerdo con las circunstancias.
Quasistatic Adhesive Contact of Piezoelectric Cylinders
Authors: Sofonea M. , Chouchane L.
Published: October 2019

We consider two mathematical models which describe the antiplane shear deformation of a piezoelectric cylinder in adhesive contact with a rigid foundation. The material is assumed to be electro-viscoelastic in the first model and electro-elastic in the second one. In both models the process is quasistatic, the foundation is electrically conductive and the adhesion is described with a surface variable, the bonding field. We derive a variational formulation of the models which is given by a system coupling two variational equations for the displacement and the electric potential fields, respectively, and a differential equation for the bonding field. Then we prove the existence of a unique weak solution to each model. We also investigate the behavior of the solution of the electro-viscoelastic problem as the viscosity converges to zero and prove that it converges to the solution of the corresponding electro-elastic problem.
On the Practical Output Feedback Stabilization for Nonlinear Uncertain Systems
Authors: Benabdallah A.
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we treat the problem of output feedback stabilization of nonlinear uncertain systems. We propose an output feedback controller that guarantees global uniform practical stability of the closed loop system.
Statistical Classification of the Observation of Nuggetless Spatial Gaussian Process with Unknown Sill Parameter
Authors: Dučinskas K.
Published: October 2019

The problem of classification of spatial Gaussian process observation into one of two populations specified by different regression mean models and common stationary covariance with unknown sill parameter is considered. Unknown parameters are estimated from training sample and these estimators are plugged in the Bayes discriminant function. The asymptotic expansion of the expected error rate associated with Bayes plug-in discriminant function is derived. Numerical analysis of the accuracy of approximation based on derived asymptotic expansion in the small training sample case is carried out. Comparison of two spatial sampling designs based on values of this approximation is done.
Oscillation of Non-Linear Systems Close to Equilibrium Position in the Presence of Coarse-Graining in Time and Space
Authors: Jumarie G.
Published: October 2019

One considers the motion of nonlinear systems close to their equilibrium positions in the presence of coarse-graining in time on the one hand, and coarse-graining in time on the other hand. By considering a coarse-grained time as a time in which the increment is not dt but rather (dt)c > dt, one is led to introduce a modeling in terms of fractional derivative with respect to time; and likewise for coarse-graining with respect to the space variable x. After a few prerequisites on fractional calculus via modified Riemann-Liouville derivative, one examines in a detailed way the solutions of fractional linear differential equations in this framework, and then one uses this result in the linearization of nonlinear systems close to their equilibrium positions.
Unsteady Oscillatory Flow and Heat Transfer in a Horizontal Composite Porous Medium Channel
Authors: Umavathi J. C. C. , Chamkha A. J. J. , Mateen A. , Al-Mudhaf A.
Published: October 2019

The problem of unsteady oscillatory flow and heat transfer in a horizontal composite porous medium is performed. The flow is modeled using the Darcy-Brinkman equation. The viscous and Darcian dissipation terms are also included in the energy equation. The partial differential equations governing the flow and heat transfer are solved analytically using two-term harmonic and non-harmonic functions in both regions of the channel. Effect of the physical parameters such as the porous medium parameter, ratio of viscosity, oscillation amplitude, conductivity ratio, Prandtl number and the Eckert number on the velocity and/or temperature fields are shown graphically. It is observed that both the velocity and temperature fields in the channel decrease as either of the porous medium parameter or the viscosity ratio increases while they increase with increases in the oscillation amplitude. Also, increasing the thermal conductivity ratio is found to suppress the temperature in both regions of the channel. The effects of the Prandtl and Eckert numbers are found to decrease the thermal state in the channel as well.
Stability and Hopf-Bifurcation Analysis of Delayed BAM Neural Network under Dynamic Thresholds
Authors: Gupta P. D. D. , Majee N. C. C. , Roy A. B. B.
Published: October 2019

In this paper the dynamics of a three neuron model with self-connection and distributed delay under dynamical threshold is investigated. With the help of topological degree theory and Homotopy invariance principle existence and uniqueness of equilibrium point are established. The conditions for which the Hopf-bifurcation occurs at the equilibrium are obtained for the weak kernel of the distributed delay. The direction and stability of the bifurcating periodic solutions are determined by the normal form theory and central manifold theorem. Lastly global bifurcation aspect of such periodic solutions is studied. Some numerical simulations for justifying the theoretical analysis are also presented.
New records for the liverwort and hornwort flora of Vietnam, 1
Authors: Pócs T. , Tram N.-K.-T. , He Q. , Katagiri T. , Luong T.-T.
Published: October 2019

After the examination of the Cryptogam collection in the Herbarium of the University of Science, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City (PHH), 25 species proved to be new to Vietnam, including one hornwort and 24 liverworts. Among them, four genera:DenotarisiaGrolle,GongylanthusNees,LeiomitraLindb. andLepicoleaDumort. are new records for the country. Diagnostic characters and illustrations are given for some taxa, as well as locality notes and habitat descriptions are provided for each collecting area.
Darwinian Pilgrim’s Early Progress
Authors: Ruse Michael
Published: October 2019

Part one of three in an autobiographical series which retraces the most significant events, collaborations, and research results of Michael Ruse’s 55-year-long career in the history and philosophy of science. In this article, Ruse’s Quaker roots, his subsequent loss of faith, and the first engagement with the study of natural science are recalled before delving deeper into his academic career. The main topics summarized in this walkthrough are considered chronologically as they developed: the epistemological demonstration that the Darwinian theory was not a narrative, or inferior, kind of science but a full-fledged, consilient research programme founded on genetics (early 1970s); the history of teleology in biological thought (mid-1970s); the sociobiology controversy (late 1970s); the so-called debunking argument and the is-ought fallacy (early 1980s).
Darwinian Pilgrim's Middle Progress
Authors: Ruse Michael
Published: October 2019

Part two of three in an autobiographical series which retraces the most significant events, collaborations, and research results of Michael Ruse’s 55-year-long career in the history and philosophy of science. In this article, Ruse’s first forays into philosophy are intertwined with his growing interest in the history of science. The main topics summarized in this second installment are considered thematically as they developed: “design” as a Kuhnian paradigm in the history of evolutionary biology (from the early 1970s onwards); the involvement in the McLean v. Arkansas Board of Education 1981 legal case which saw the rise of neo-creationism as organized pressure group; the exploration of the science-religion relationship (mid-1980s to 1990s); the problem of free will and the critical confrontation with the New Atheism (early 2000s); the question of accommodationism and the identification of “organism” as the root metaphor of evolutionary biology (2010s).
COMPARISON OF LATERALIZATION THYROPLASTY AND LASER CORD WEDGE RESECTION IN TERMS OF VOICE QUALITY IN PATIENTS WITH BILATERAL ABDUCTOR VOCAL CORD PARALYSIS
Authors: TUZUN Dursun , SUOGLU Yusufhan , GOZELER Mustafa Sitki
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackground/Aims: It was aimed to compare
lateralization thyroplasty with laser cord wedge resection in terms of
postoperative voice analysis, duration of hospital stay, tracheotomy rate, and
decannulation time in patients with
bilateral abductor vocal cord paralysis. Methods: A
total of 37 patients who presented to our department with bilateral abductor
vocal cord paralysis between February 2005 and February 2009 were enrolled in
this prospective study. External
arytenoid lateralization (lateralization thyroplasty) was randomly performed in
22 patients and laser posterior cordotomy was performed in 15 patients. Fifteen
healthy volunteers were assigned to the control group. Postoperative 6th
month maximum phonation time (MPT), S/Z ratio, and the results of objective
voice analysis [mean frequency perturbation (jitter), mean amplitude
perturbation (shimmer), mean fundamental frequency (fo), and NHR (noise to
harmonic ratio)] were compared between the two groups and the control group.
Decannulation time, patient tracheotomy status, and duration of hospital stay
were also recorded.Results: The mean
postoperative MPT decreased but S/Z ratio increased in both patient groups
compared to the control group. The mean MPT was shorter in the external
arytenoid lateralization group versus the laser posterior cordotomy group (p= 0.011).
There was no statistically significant difference between the external
arytenoid lateralization and laser posterior cordotomy groups in terms of mean
S/Z ratio (p= 0.306). It was observed that jitter, shimmer, and NHR values were
increased, i.e. voice quality impaired, in both patient groups. Jitter (p= 0.004),
shimmer (p<0.001), and NHR (p= 0.052) values were significantly increased in
the laser posterior cordotomy group as compared with the external arytenoid
lateralization group. No statistically significant difference was found between
the external arytenoid lateralization group and the laser posterior cordotomy
group in terms of the mean postoperative f(o) (p= 0.417), as well as for
decannulation time (p= 0.076) and duration of hospital stay (p= 2.30).Conclusions: External arytenoid
lateralization is a more preferable technique than laser posterior cordotomy because
it preserves mucosal integrity and cord mass, which results in better voice
quality.
INVESTIGATION OF SELF-DETERMINATION THEORY IN AN ESP COURSE
Authors: ÖZÜDOOĞRU Fatma
Published: October 2019

Competence, autonomy and engagement are some
of the components of self-determination theory. The aim of this study was to
explore whether any relationship between English for Specific Purposes (ESP)
learners’ academic achievement, perceived competence, perceived instructor
autonomy-support and classroom engagement existed or not. Furthermore, it aimed
to find out if gender and type of high school graduated affected ESP learners’
academic achievement, perceived competence, perceived instructor
autonomy-support and classroom engagement. This study was designed as an
exploratory correlational research. The study was conducted with 204 learners
who were studying at a Turkish state university in the fall semester of
2017-2018 education year. The data were collected through Perceived Competence
Scale, The Learning Climate Questionnaire (LCQ), Classroom Engagement Scale and
learners’ end of semester grades. Descriptive statistics, independent samples
t-test, one-way ANOVA test and Pearson correlation test were run to analyze the
data. As a result of the findings, it was found that perceived instructor
autonomy-support had significantly moderate and positive relationship with perceived
competence, classroom engagement and academic achievement. Besides, it was
revealed that gender only affected students’ classroom engagement; however,
type of high school had no impact on academic achievement, perceived
competence, perceived instructor autonomy-support and classroom engagement
5. 6. VE 7. SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN SOSYAL BİLGİLER DERSİ SINIF ETKİNLİKLERİNİN ÇEŞİTLİ DEĞİŞKENLER AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ÇELİK Ayşegül
Published: October 2019

Bu araştırmada 5. Sınıf, 6.
Sınıf ve 7. Sınıf öğrencilerinin Sosyal Bilgiler dersi sınıf etkinliklerinin
çeşitli değişkenlere göre belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda araştırmada
nicel model kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, nicel araştırma yöntemleri içerisinde
yer alan araştırma türlerinden tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın
çalışma grubunu amaçlı örnekleme yöntemine göre seçilmiş 2018-2109 eğitim
öğretim yılı içerisinde İç Anadolu bölgesinde yer alan bir ortaokulda okuyan
111’i kız 125’i erkek olmak üzere, 236 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın
ilk aşamasında tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemine göre İç Anadolu bölgesinde yer alan
bir ortaokulda öğrenim gören 30 öğrenciye pilot uygulama yapılmıştır. Her bir
öğrenciye yaklaşık 25 dakika süre verilmiştir. Araştırmada “sınıf
etkinliklerim” ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Sınıf etkinliklerim ölçeği Gentry ve
Gable (2001) tarafından oluşturulmuş, Türk kültürüne uyarlaması ise Deniz ve
Saranlı (2017) tarafından gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın verilerinin
analizinde, bağımsız örneklem t testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA)
testi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin toplanma süreci, araştırmacı tarafından
2018-2019 eğitim öğretim yılında farklı gün ve saatlerde gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Araştırma sonucunda, öğrencilerin sınıf etkinliklerim ölçeği puanlarının yüksek
olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, sınıf içerisinde
Sosyal Bilgiler dersinde yapılan etkinlikler öğrencilerin ilgi ve ihtiyaçlarını
karşılayabilmeli, yeteneklerini zorlamalı ve öğrencilerin etkinliklerden
eğlenmeleri sağlanmalıdır.