bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical Characteristics of Anthocyanin Extract Powder from Black Rice Based on Maltodextrin and Skimmed Milk Powder Ratio as Encapsulant
Authors: Nurhidajah Nurhidajah , Rosidi Ali , Yonata Diode , Nrrahman Nurrahman , Pranata Boby
Published: March 2023

Anthocyanins are bioactive components in black rice. Black rice anthocyanins are potent antioxidants, so they have the potential to be developed into functional food products. As a bioactive component, anthocyanins in extracts have low stability to environmental conditions such as light, temperature, and pH. Encapsulation process using the spray drying technique is known to protect and increase the stability of anthocyanin bioactive compounds. Maltodextrin (MDE) is widely used as a coating material in the encapsulation of anthocyanins using the spray drying technique with many advantages. However, skim milk powder (SMP) was found to encapsulate black rice anthocyanins efficiently. This study's general objective was to determine the effect of the ratio of MDE and SMP as an encapsulant on black rice extract powder's physical and chemical characteristics. The research method is an experimental type using a single factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD), which consisted of 6 treatments, namely the MDE:SMP ratio (100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50). The results showed that there was a very significant effect of the ratio of MDE and SMP on the physical and chemical characteristics of coated anthocyanin powder. MDE and SMP ratios of 50:50 resulted in coated anthocyanin powder's best physical and chemical characteristics. Keywords: Black rice extract, Coating material, Encapsulation, Physicochemical characteristics.
Infiltration Model of Mediterranean Soil with Clay Texture
Authors: Faridah Sitti Nur , Achmad Mahmud , Jamaluddin Tisha Aditya , Jusmira Jusmira
Published: March 2023

Infiltration plays an essential role in increasing the soil water content as a part of the hydrological cycle. Infiltration affects surface runoff and soil conservation. It also determines the sustainability of the groundwater system. Heavy rain intensity exceeding the infiltration capacity will result in surface runoff, and excessive surface runoff will cause soil erosion.  This study aims to investigate the suitable infiltration rate model in the Mediterranean soil of clay textured with various soil conditions. Infiltration rate measurement employed a double-ring infiltrometer in soil without and with tillage. The applied infiltration rate model was an empirical model and the function of time, which includes the Kostiakov, Horton, and Philip Models. The results demonstrated that the Mediterranean soil infiltration rate with a clay texture was 0.91 cm/min and was relatively higher in the soil without tillage. The suitable infiltration rate model to be applied in soil conditions without and with tillage is the Kostiakov Model f = 0.700 t-0.25  and f = 0.682 t-0.22, respectively. The Kostiakov model is the most suitable infiltration rate model in Mediterranean textured clay, without tillage conditions, with a determination value of 0.988 and a deviation value of 0.005. Keywords: Horton model, Philip model, Infiltrometer; Kostiakov model, Tillage
Production of Botanical Seeds and Shallot Boobs with Vernalization and Giberrylin (GA3) Treatment in Highland Areas
Authors: Idhan Abubakar , Syam’un Elkawakib , Riyadi Muh.
Published: March 2023

Vernalization and Gibberellin (GA3) solution can be applied to simultaneously increased shallot production and TSS (True Shallot Seed) in the highlands. The research aimed to obtain shallot varieties that are able to naturally flower more and have high growth and production. This research was carried out in the form of split plot experimental design. The main plots consisted of five shallot varieties selected from the adaptation test, which resulted from planting in the lowlands and highlands, namely the Bima Brebes variety (V1), Manjung variety (V2), Bauji variety (V3), Bangkok Jeneponto variety (V4), Mentes variety (V5). The sub-plots consisted of 4 stratifications of vernalization temperature, namely: room temperature (F1), 4°C (F2), 8°C (F3) and 12°C (F4). The sub-sub-plots consist ed of 4 concentrations of gibberellins GA3 in aquades, namely: 0 ppm (H1), 50 ppm (H2), 75 ppm (H3), and 100 ppm (H4). Each treatment was repeated three times, so as to obtain as many as: 5 x 4 x 4 x 3 = 240 experimental plots. Results showed that shallot varieties have different responses to vernalization and gibberellin GA3 treatment. No stratum of vernalization temperature and certain GA3 concentrations were found that consistently supported certain observational parameters on the growth and production of five shallot varieties. Manjung and Bauji varieties were observed as having great potential to produce more flowers and botanical seeds in highlands. Keywords: Giberrylin, Highlands, Shallot boob, TSS, Vernalization.
Estimation of Erosion Potentials through Utilization of Remote Sensing Data and The Universal Soil Loss Equation Model
Authors: Faisol Arif , Mashudi Mashudi
Published: March 2023

Remote sensing data and USLE models have been used widely for erosion analysis. In Indonesia, the USLE model is a reference in erosion analysis to assess land suitability for agricultural crop development. Erosion analysis using remote sensing data provides various advantages, including good accuracy, lower costs, and can analyze erosion rates quickly compared to direct measurement methods. The aim of this study was to analyze the potential erosion in the Arui watershed - Manokwari Regency – West Papua Province using remote sensing data and USLE models. The research was conducted from April to July 2022, with three main stages i.e data inventory, data analysis, and erosion rate estimation. The research shows that the potential erosion rate in the Arui watershed is 15 tons/ha/year or 3.480 tons/year, thus exceeding the tolerable soil loss (TSL) erosion rate threshold of 9.6 tons/ha/year. Therefore, a conservation and restoration program is needed to control the erosion rate in the Arui watershed. Keywords:   Erosion rate, Remote sensing, Tolerable soil loss, USLE, Watershed
Reduction of Escherichia coli Contamination in Vannameii Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) using Cassava Leaf Extract (Manihot glaziovii) and Noni Fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.)
Authors: Chori Vina Asfia , Sartika Dewi , Hidayati Sri , S. Suharyono A. , Utomo Tanto P.
Published: March 2023

This research is  study of  inhibition power between rubber cassava leaves extract (Manihot glaziovii) and noni (Morinda citrifolia l.) in reducing Eschericia coli contamination in vannameii shrimps (Litopenaeus vannamei). Cassava leaves contains flavonoids, saponins and tannins while noni contains antraquinone and scolopetin which has antimicrobial activity. This research aim at determine antimicrobial activity of cassava leaves extract and noni to inhibit Eschericia coli contamination in vannamei shrimps and determine the best formulation. The research use non-factorial complete randomized block design (RAKL) experimental design with three replications. The formulation in each treatment being used contained 25% (b/v) of the solvent. The treatments used in this study were M0S0 (control), M1S1 (25: 0), M2S2 (20: 5), M3S3 (15:10), M4S4 (10:15), M5S5 (5: 20), M6S6 (0:25) .Data were tested with the Barlett test and the Tuckey test to see the homogeneity. The data analysis was carried out using fingerprints to see the effect of treatment on the parameters being observed and followed with LSD test. The observations of research contained test of  amount Eschericia Coli, Antimicrobial Inhibition, Eschericia coli Total Decrease, Antimicrobial Activity Application, pH test, and Sensory Testing (Color and Appearance). The results of this research showed that the extract of noni was more effective in inhibiting the contamination of Escherichia coli in vannamei shrimps with an inhibition zone of 7.23 mm compared to cassava leaves with an inhibition zone of 0.43 mm.  The formulation has been obtained that the ratio between extracts of rubber cassava leaves and noni was  25%: 0% is best formulation to inhibit the microbial activity zwith the zone of inhibition is 7.23 mm.  Keywords: Vannameii Shrimps, Rubber Cassava Leaves, Noni, Escherichia coli
The Effect of Soil Preparation Methods on Rain Water Infiltration as The Basis of Irrigation Application for Dry Land Rice
Authors: Widata Sri , Arnanto Driska , Darini Maria Theresia , Maryani Yekti , Pamungkas Djoko Heru
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of land preparation methods on the soil infiltration which can be used as a basis for designing irrigation for dryland rice cultivation. The study was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three land preparation treatments, namely T0 (no tillage), T1 (hoeing), and T2 (hoeing plus loosening). Each treatment was carried out with three replication plots. Artificial rain was given with an average intensity of 4.61 mm/h for 120 min. Observations were made on the infiltration thickness and rainwater volume. Results showed that land preparation methods resulted in very significant differences in the cumulative infiltration depth and infiltration rate, where the T2 treatment caused the highest infiltration. During 120 minutes of rain, 331.83 liters of water volume was poured out and resulted in an average infiltration thickness of 7.3 cm for T0 (no tillage), 18.09 cm for T1 (hoeing), and 21,3 cm for T2 (hoeing plus loosening). The results also showed that cumulative infiltration (y) increased with rain water volume (x) that followd a logarithmic curve with an R2 value of more 94-98% for the three land preparation methods with order T2 > T1 > T0.Keywords: Rain, Tillage, Infiltration, Dry land, Rice
Temperature and Humidity Monitoring in Dry Land of Cayene Pepper Based on Internet of Thing (IoT)
Authors: Widhiantari Ida Ayu , Sumarsono Joko , Annawawi M Abul Auni
Published: March 2023

In general, plant growth will be disrupted if the environmental temperature is not suitable, even the plants will be damaged, which can cause a decrease in quality and quantity. Problems that often occur and are difficult to avoid include temperature and humidity conditions on agricultural land. Therefore it is necessary to do handling to be able to minimize the occurrence of damage that can occur in the land caused by environmental influences. This study aims to design a temperature and humidity monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT). The research was carried out by designing electronic circuits from monitoring systems, hardware, software, and testing the systems that had been made. Technology supported by the use of DHT22 sensors can read temperature and humidity data in real time. Based on the research results, it was found that the DHT22 sensor used worked with the best accuracy on day 21 with an error percentage of 0% and the worst accuracy occurred on day 31 with an error percentage of 18.5%.  Keywords: Internet of thing,Humidity,DHT22 Sensor,Air temperature.
The Performance of Pivot-Type Trailer for Fresh Fruit Bunches Transport Equipment Using Two-Wheeled Tractors in Oil Palm Fields
Authors: Idkham Muhammad Idkham , Dhafir Muhammad Dhafir , Safrizal Safrizal Safrizal
Published: March 2023

Poor farmers in Indonesia still transport palm fruit bunches manually, so they require a lot of manpower and many of them are transported for a long time, reducing quality. Oil palm farmers have two-wheeled tractors that are used for processing rice fields that can be used for towing trailers. The existing conventional trailers do not work optimally in oil palm fields, so it is necessary to design a pivot type trailer. The purpose of this study was to see the performance of the pivot type trailer for transporting oil palm fruit bunches, the pivot type trailer and the conventional one that was tested directly on the farmers' oil palm fields involving 3 operators. The results show that the pivot type trailer has an advantage over conventional trailers and is easy to operate properly, this is reflected in its very small turning radius of 260 cm unloaded and 280 cm loaded, and has a larger working capacity.Keywords: Pivot type trailers, Conveyances, Oil palm fields, Oil palm bunches,Smallholders.    Pivot type trailers, Conveyances, Oil palm fields, Oil palm bunches, Smallholders.
Small Island Developing States and climate securitisation in international politics: Towards a comprehensive conception
Authors: Rasheed Athaulla A.
Published: March 2023

This article focuses on the engagement of Small Island Developing States (SIDS) in the climate security debate launched by the United Nations Security Council. It aims to show how SIDS’ engagement in the Security Council debate can provide an innovative approach to explain and overcome some of the conceptual and policy challenges for climate securitisation at the international level. Big and small actors in the climate security debate have formed multiple perceptions about threats and solutions concerning climate security. Military-based framings of security have taken a dominant place in the Security Council debate; this has created challenges for security actors seeking to include multiple threat factors related to climate change in the security space. SIDS have illustrated the challenges in highlighting the diverse range of vulnerabilities, impacts, and solutions uniquely inherent to many security speakers and audiences involved in the climate security debate. Using a qualitative analysis of constructivist literature on securitisation, this article develops a conceptual framework to help incorporate SIDS’ broader aspects of climate security into the securitising move at the international level. It asserts that SIDS make a compelling case to explain the impacts of multilevel threat factors and security provisions on climate security formation.
Efektivitas Hybrid Learning Pada Mata Pelajaran Sejarah Di SMAN 4 Kota Serang T.A 2021/2022
Authors: Hadi Rusli , Ribawati Eko , Fadillah Moh Ali
Published: March 2023

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using Hybrid Learning in history subjects in class X IPA 6 and X IPS 3. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach. The instrument used in this study was a closed questionnaire which was distributed to students in class X IPA 6 and X IPS 3 at SMAN 4 Serang City via Google Forms. The results of this study show: (1) history learning carried out at SMAN 4 Serang Serang City after the pandemic was carried out by applying the Hybrid Learning learning model, the Hybrid Learning learning model is learning with an online or online system combined with face-to-face meetings for several hours, learning carried out in rotation with 50% of students, namely students participating in online learning or face-to-face learning alternately (2) the effectiveness of the application of the hybrid learning model in history learning which is carried out face-to-face can attract students' interest in learning, where face-to-face learning, students can directly interact with teachers, establishing good learning communication between teachers and students so as to make students active in the learning process (3) factors that influence the implementation of the Hybrid Learning model, namely because it is not certain when the pandemic will end While learning activities must be carried out, however, when online learning, there are many obstacles that occur, such as: lack of interaction between teachers and students or students and students, lack of learning tools that support the online learning process, learning is monotonous and makes students passive in learning activities.
Some Observations on the Exiled Members of the Royal Family during the Old Hittite Period
Authors: MASALCI ŞAHİN Gülgüney
Published: March 2023

Exile, which means sending a person or a community from one place to another as a punishment or forced migration, has been recorded in almost every historical period. Various policies were applied for exile in the Hittites, who lived in the second millennium BC. There were differences between the exiles brought as prisoners from military campaigns and the exiles from the royal family.This study will focus on the people who were exiled from the royal family during the Old Hittite period by analysing the royal records. The kings, who recorded the people they had exiled, tried to show themselves legitimate and just by mentioning the reasons for the issue. It is understood that certain living standards are provided for the people sent from the capital.
Vladik Nersesyants’s Philosophical and Law Theory
Authors: LAPAEVA Valentina , Nersesyants Anna
Published: March 2023

Firstly, this article considers the main aspects of the libertarian legal approach to the understanding of law developed by Soviet and Russian philosopher of law Vladik S. Nersesyants.
Secondly, the article shows the contributions of this philosophical and law doctrine to the development of the world philosophy of law and its importance for the improvement of Russian legal theory and practice.
Thirdly, the article substantiates the thesis that the libertarian approach to the understanding of law is a logical rationalisation of the jusnaturalist tradition of law understanding as an expression of equality in human relations as reinterpreted by Nersesyants by looking at the efforts in rationalizing the jusnaturalist doctrine reflected in the history of the development of philosophical and law thought from the beginning of the Modern Era.
Fourthly, the article pays special attention to the analysis of the concept of civilism as a new post-socialist social system developed by Vladik Nersesyants on the basis of the libertarian approach to the understanding of law. Therefore, the article reveals the content of this concept related to the law approach to the desocialisation of the former socialist property that creates the basis for the formation of a new system of law.
Semantic and Formal Image of Concepts Related to “Sensory Perceptions” Preserved from the Indo-European Language in the Dialect Area
Authors: KUMUNTS Mher , MARGARYAN Inga , NERSISYAN Lusine
Published: March 2023

Syunik and Artsakh (Kharabagh) are the greatest dialectical areas in the Armenian language which has a rich vocabulary. In the dialectical vocabulary there are large number of words of Indo-European origin which are missing not only in other dialects but also in many languages of Indo-European origin. One of the problems of comparative linguistics is that etymological studies do not pay much attention to dialectical vocabulary. The study of the words of the thematic group “Sensory Perceptions” can provide important material on the religious-philosophical issues of the peoples living in the historical area. An attempt was made to study the old words of the dialect area of Syunik and Artsakh, which refer to “sensory perceptions”.
In this work a new dialectical work is being etymologized: shapaghwith the meaning “1.Reflexion, flash, 2. Ra-diant, bright, shiny” which has a different phonetical and semantical version in the Armenian translation of the “Bible”: shaghpaghp.
An attempt was made to check the word simultaneously and to discover its perception in the most ancient examples of the translation of the Bible by using the historical-comparative method.
Often, through the etymology of archaisms preserved in the language, valuable information is revealed about the religious-philosophical understandings of the ancient world.
The Methodology for Evaluating the Quality of Social-Pedagogical Activity in the General Education Schools of the Republic of Armenia
Authors: TADEVOSYAN Hakob
Published: March 2023

The article discusses the need for sociо-pedagogial activities in schools of Armenia and the existing problems in this area. The article substantiates the expediency of expanding the content of activities and duties of social pedagogues working in general education schools of the Republic of Armenia, as well as in regional pedagogical and psychological centers. In fact, they are included only in work with children with special educational needs. However, the main content of the work of a social pedagogue in a comprehensive school should be aimed at solving the problems of socialization of all schoolchildren.
In the article, we proposed indicators, standards, a formula combining qualitative and quantitative indicators, which ensure the measurability and objectivity of the assessment of the quality of socio-pedagogical activities.
The article presents the methods for evaluating the quality of social-pedagogical activity in the public schools of Armenia. We have created three standards and the ten criteria for evaluating the quality of social-pedagogical activity. The methodology for assessing the quality of socio-pedagogical activity presented in the article is universal, in the case of adapting standards and indicators, it can be applied in almost all areas of activity of the social pedagogue.
Restorative Justice-Based Law Formulation on Corruption Case: A Philosophical Analytic
Authors: FAHRUDIN Fahrudin , ABSORI Absori , DIMYATI Khudzaifah , WARDIONO Kelik , BUDIONO Arief , JAAFAR Hirwan Jasbir
Published: March 2023

In Indonesia, corruption has been going on for a long time. It has touched almost all sectors of societal life. So far, there are already efforts to eradicate the act of corruption, though they are working very slowly. There are inadequate legal instruments to eradicate corruption. Thus, to resolve this, the restorative justice philosophy should be applied. The restorative justice approach is not impossible to be applied in punishing corruption perpetrators in Indonesia. The research problem of this paper is: How is the application of restorative justice as an implementation of the ultimum remedium in the effort to recover state financial assets as a method to punish corruption perpetrators? This was normative legal research with philosophical and conceptual approaches. Results show that the application of restorative justice as an implementation of ultimum remedium to return state financial assets to punish corruption perpetrators may be implemented by strengthening norms on returning state losses. This can be carried out by changing the sanction of fines from an additional sanction into a principal sanction. Then, to anticipate perpetrators who cannot repay those losses, the concept of forced labor may be applied to punish corruption perpetrators.
Technical University as an Innovative Factor of Culture
Authors: A. BEZKLUBAYA Svetlana
Published: March 2023

This study aims to consider the technical university as a factor for innovation in modern culture. The author’s task is to identify the phenomenological (sociocultural) and ontological (pedagogical, personal, organizational) foundations of a technical university as an innovative factor. The methodological basis of the study is made up of identifying value concepts, a pragmatic method, and a criterion of effectiveness. The technical university as an innovative factor is revealed through research: concentration of innovations in engineering and technical activities; the cultural meaning of innovation; the peculiarities of the formation and development of the humanitarian environment by the technical university and its spiritual and moral component. The criterion of effectiveness refers to the use of pedagogical models by a technical university and a spiritual and moral component. The study deepens the understanding of the innovative factors of culture that have developed in science and makes it possible in practice to improve the technical university in line with the innovative trends of our time.
The Integrated Reporting Philosophy in Business Strategy
Authors: HAKOBYAN Armen , TSHUGHURYAN Armen , MARTIROSYAN Gevorg
Published: March 2023

In relation to the reports published by organizations, today not only financial information is required, but also information related to sustainable development. Philosophical approaches of the beneficiaries using the information have changed. Currently, organizations are faced with the task of representing not only the economic interest of an enterprise, but also the contribution of the organization in forming the additional result pursuing sustainable development.
The purpose of the article is to present a new philosophical framework of reports published by organizations, as a result of which philosophical approaches to sustainable development, revised philosophical foundations of business strategy construction were revealed. Recommendations were made in the direction of building a philosophical concept for the dissemination of financial and non-financial integrated reports.
Axiomatic Epistemology
Authors: DJIDJIAN Robert , HOVHANNISYAN Hasmik
Published: March 2023

This article is the first complete axiomatic presentation of the theory of cognition (epistemology). It presents the axioms of the theory of cognition, the definitions of the concepts and categories used in the text of the theory, and also provides detailed proofs of the propositions (theorems) arising from them. Based on this axiomatic system, evidence-based solutions to the problems (aporias) of the theory of cognition are proposed. This system of axiomatic epistemology can serve as a step in building a rigorous scientific theory of human cognition. The axioms of the proposed system follow the Aristotelian general understanding of the essence of human cognition.
The Evolutionary Mechanisms for Tolerance and Social Humanism Development in Education and Medicine: A Post-Capitalist Discourse
Authors: UTIUZH Irina , KOVTUN Nataliia , HREBIN Svitlana , VLASENKO Fedir , VOLKOVA Valeriya
Published: March 2023

The article is concerned with the substantive nature of late capitalism, which determines all spheres of social existence. It is clarified that neoliberal ideology forms a special type of socio-cultural relations, in which the politics’ technocratic nature disregards humanitarian and cultural aspects and doubts the very existence of the social. Under the circumstances of IT intensified development and real crisis of capitalism, the fundamental process of human-human interaction is ignored, consequently resulting in the loss of the human’s fundamental feature, that is, his sociality. Socio-philosophical research in modern realities is assigned to actualize the issues of spiritual production related to preservation of the social as the ontological essence of society existence in the future. Therefore, our paper aims to analyze the socio-productive function of education and medicine in the formation of a humanitarian and anthropological model of preserving social partnership and tolerance in modern society as opposed to the disappointing and disturbing experience of chronic social pathologies, medicalization and formation of the “remission society” model within the framework of capitalism.
The formation of a humanitarian and anthropological model of preserving the social consists in actualizing the evolutionary mechanisms for social humanism, which is the basic characteristic of the post-capitalist reality.
Identification of DNA methylation change in TCF7L2 gene in the blood of type 2 diabetes mellitus as a predictive biomarker in Iraq Kurdistan region by using methylation-specific PCR
Authors: Smail Harem Othman , Mohamad Dlnya Asaad
Published: March 2023

Objective. Nowadays, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is the most common chronic endocrine disorder affecting an estimated 5–10% of adults worldwide, and this disease also rapidly increased among the population in the Kurdistan region. This research aims to identify DNA methylation change in the TCF7L2 gene as a possible predictive T2D biomarker.

Methods. One hundred and thirteen participants were divided into three groups: diabetic (47), prediabetic (36), and control (30). The study was carried out in patients who visited the private clinical sector between August and December 2021 in Koya city (Iraq Kurdistan region) to determine DNA methylation status using a methylation-specific PCR (MSP) with paired primers for each methylated and non-methylated region. In addition, the X2 Kruskal–Wallis statistical and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used, p<0.05 was considered significant.

Results. The results showed hypermethylation of DNA in the promoter region in diabetic and prediabetic groups compared to the healthy controls. Different factors affected the DNA methylation level, including body max index, alcohol consumption, family history, and physical activity with the positive Coronavirus.

Conclusion. The results obtained indicate that DNA methylation changes in the TCF7L2 promoter region may be used as a potential predictive biomarker of the T2D diagnosis. However, the findings obtained in this study should be supported by additional data.
Nutritional interventions for patients with alkaptonuria: A minireview
Authors: Imrich Richard , Zatkova Andrea , Lukacova Olga , Sedlakova Jana , Zanova Elizabeth , Vlcek Miroslav , Penesova Adela , Radikova Zofia , Havranova Andrea , Ranganath Lakshminarayan
Published: March 2023

Alkaptonuria (AKU, OMIM, No. 203500) is a rare, slow-progressing, irreversible, multisystemic disease resulting from a deficiency of the homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase enzyme, which leads to the accumulation of homogentisic acid (HGA) and subsequent deposition as pigment in connective tissues called ochronosis. As a result, severe arthropathy of large joints and spondyloarthropathy with frequent fractures, ligament ruptures, and osteoporosis develops in AKU patients. Since 2020, the first-time treatment with nitisinone has become available in the European Union. Nitisinone significantly reduces HGA production and arrests ochronosis in AKU patients. However, blocking of the tyrosine metabolic pathway by the drug leads to tyrosine plasma and tissue concentrations increase. The nitisinone-induced hypertyrosinemia can lead to the development of corneal keratopathy, and once it develops, the treatment needs to be interrupted. A decrease in overall protein intake reduces the risk of the keratopathy during nitisinone-induced hypertyrosinemia in AKU patients. The low-protein diet is not only poorly tolerated by patients, but over longer periods, leads to a severe muscle loss and weight gain due to increased energy intake from carbohydrates and fats. Therefore, the development of novel nutritional approaches is required to prevent the adverse events due to nitisinone-induced hypertyrosinemia and the negative impact on skeletal muscle metabolism in AKU patients.
The Influence of RADEC Learning (Read, Answer, Discuss, Explain, Create) assisted by Media Handouts and Students' Curiosity on the Ability to Understand Mathematical Concepts
Authors: Sakdiah Yulia Alimatus , Mukhayat Ahmad , Pradana Kenny Candra
Published: March 2023

This research was conducted at MTs Nurul Hidayah with the aim of knowing (1) the effect of the Read, Answer, Discuss, Explain, Create (RADEC) learning model assisted by Handout media on understanding mathematical concepts; (2) the influence of students' curiosity on the ability to understand concepts; and (3) the interaction of the handout-assisted RADEC learning model and students' curiosity about their ability to understand mathematical concepts. The research method used was quasy experiment with the non-equivalent group design. The collection of research data was obtained from tests of students' ability to understand concepts and curiosity questionnaires. This research was conducted on class VIII students of MTs Nurul Hidayah with a total of 60 students who were selected through cluster random sampling technique. Based on hypothesis testing through two-way ANOVA, it was obtained (1) there was an influence of the Read, Answer, Discuss, Explain, Create (RADEC) learning model assisted by Handout media on understanding mathematical concepts, (2) there was an influence of students' curiosity on the ability to understand concepts, (3) there is no interaction of the handout-assisted RADEC learning model and students' curiosity about their ability to understand mathematical concepts.
Predictors of Adherence to Short-Course Probiotics Among Children with Gastroenteritis who are Enrolled in a Clinical Trial
Authors: Hurley Katrina F. , Fitzpatrick Eleanor A. , Xie Jianling , Urquhart Sarah , Farion Ken J. , Gouin Serge , Schuh Suzanne , Poonai Naveen , Freedman Stephen
Published: March 2023

Background: To improve our understanding of adherence to discharge medications in the ED and within research trials, we sought to quantify medication adherence and identify predictors thereof in children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE). Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of a randomized trial of twice daily probiotic for 5 days. The population included previously healthy children aged 3–47 months with AGE. The primary outcome was patient-reported adherence to the treatment regimen, defined a priori as having received >70% of the prescribed doses. Secondary outcomes included predictors of treatment adherence and concordance between patient-reported adherence and the returned medication sachet counts.Results: After excluding participants with missing data on adherence, 760 participants were included in this analysis: 383 in the probiotic arm (50.4%); and 377 in the placebo arm (49.6%). Self-reported adherence was similar in both groups (77.0% in probiotic versus 80.3% in placebo). There was good agreement between self-reported adherence and sachet counts (87% within limits of agreement (-2.9 to 3.5 sachets) on the Bland-Altman plots). In the multivariable regression model, covariates associated with adherence were greater number of days of diarrhea post-emergency department visit, and the study site; covariates negatively associated with adherence were age 12-23 months, severe dehydration and greater total number of vomiting and diarrhea episodes after enrolment. Conclusions: Longer duration of diarrhea and study site were associated with higher probiotic adherence. Age 12-23 months, severe dehydration and greater number of vomiting and diarrhea episodes post enrolment negatively predicted treatment adherence.
Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy on Lupus Nephritis and Renal Function in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xia Yang , Ye Hua , Li Kejia , Shi Bairu , Sun Xian , Wu Jiajun
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this meta-analysis is to determine the efficacy of mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC) transplantation therapy on lupus nephritis (LN) and renal function of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods: Articles that reported the data of MSC therapy on the renal function as well as disease activity of LN in patients with SLE were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and the Cochrane Library. Mean difference for disease activity and laboratory parameters were pooled to evaluate the efficacy of MSC, and incidence was pooled for clinical remission, death and severe adverse event.Results: A total of 12 studies with 586 patients were included. The disease activity indices, including SLEDAI and BILAG, were significantly decreased within 12 months after MSC therapy (P< 0.05). Laboratory parameters for renal function and disease control including estimated glomerular filtration rate, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, complement C3, albumin and urine protein, were also significantly improved after therapy. The pooled rate of clinical remission at 12 months was 28.1% and the total rate during follow-up was 33.7%. The pooled rate of death at 12 months was 5.2% and the total rate during follow-up was 5.5%. Severe adverse events were rare and not associated with the treatment of MSC. Conclusions: This is the first meta-analysis that focuses on the effect of MSC on LN and renal function of patients with SLE, and the results shows a favorable safety profile and encouraging results of MSC for improving the disease activity of LN as well as the renal function of SLE patients.
Gender Disparities in Academic Outcomes Among Graduates of a Canadian MD-PhD Program
Authors: Romero Joan Miguel , Sorin Mark , Dankner Matthew , Whittaker Heather , Rose April , Trasler Jacquetta , Eisenberg Mark J
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Women have traditionally been underrepresented in MD and MD-PhD training programs. Here, we describe the changing demographics of an MD-PhD Program over three distinct time intervals. Methods: We designed a 64-question survey and sent it to 47 graduates of the McGill University MD-PhD program in Montréal, Québec, Canada, since its inception in 1985. We also sent a 23-question survey to the 24 students of the program in 2021. The surveys included questions related to demographics, physician-scientist training, research metrics, as well as academic and personal considerations.Results: We collected responses from August 2020 to August 2021 and grouped them into three intervals based on respondent graduation year: 1995–2005 (n = 17), 2006–2020 (n = 23) and current students (n = 24). Total response rate was 90.1% (n = 64/71). We found that there are more women currently in the program compared to the 1995–2005 cohort (41.7% increase, p<0.01). In addition, women self-reported as physician-scientists less frequently than men and reported less protected research time. Conclusions: Overall, recent MD-PhD alumni represent a more diverse population compared with their earlier counterparts. Identifying barriers to training remains an important step in ensuring MD-PhD trainees become successful physician-scientists.
Hydrocortisone Combined with Vitamin C and Thiamine in the Treatment of Sepsis/Septic Shock: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis
Authors: Lu Difan , Mao Wenchao
Published: March 2023

Background: This study explored the efficacy of hydrocortisone combined with vitamin C and thiamine (HVT) in the treatment of sepsis/septic shock. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched (establishment of the database to October 31, 2022). The meta-analysis included randomized controlled trials (RCTs); comparing the efficacy of HVT regimen and placebo in the treatment of sepsis/septic shock. The Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions was used to assess the risk of bias. The Review Manager 5.4 software was used for meta-analysis, and the relative risk (RR), mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were then determined. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was then conducted.Results: Eight RCTs with 1,572 patients were identified. Meta-analysis showed that HVT regimen did not reduce all-cause (RR=0.96, 95% CI: 0.83 - 1.11, P=0.60), hospital (RR=1.03, 95% CI: 0.83 - 1.27, P=0.80) or intensive care unit (ICU) mortalities (RR=1.05, 95% CI: 0.86 - 1.28, P=0.65). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the change of sequential organ failure assessment score, length of ICU stay, length of hospital stay, duration of the use of vasopressors, incidence of acute kidney injury and ventilator-free days between HVT and control groups. TSA showed that more trials are needed to confirm the results.Conclusions: HVT regimen did not reduce the mortality of patients with sepsis/septic shock and was not associated with a significant improvement in outcomes. The TSA result showed that more RCTs with high quality and large sample sizes are needed to further confirm the results.
Application of Delphi method to identify sustainable university assessment criteria for Vietnam
Authors: Hang Tran Thi Minh , Huong Tran Thi , Son Pham Hung , Khai Nguyen Manh
Published: March 2023

Abstract: This study was conducted to determine the criteria for evaluating sustainable universities for Vietnam. The Delphi method is used to collect opinions of experts from the field of environment and sustainable development on some proposed criteria. The results of the first round of Delphi were synthesized and analyzed according to KAMET principles. A set of proposed criteria have been identified and selected. The Kendall coefficient, calculated from the Delphi round 2 questionnaire, is 0.52, showing a strong consensus and high level of confidence of experts on the four groups of sustainable university evaluation criteria for Vietnam, including: Research training and participation in extracurricular activities; Operation; Governance and policy; Community involvement and social responsibility. The research results provide the foundation for a set of criteria to evaluate sustainable universities for Vietnam.
Results of Survey and Evaluation of Invasive Plants in Ba Vi National Park, Vietnam
Authors: Tai Vu Anh , Thi Bich Hong Ngo , Thi Thuy Van Tran , Thi Kim Thoa Le
Published: March 2023

The biodiversity of Ba Vi National Park has been faced with some passive impacts, one of them is alien species, that habitats for the native species is narrowed by increasing of invasive population expanding, it is necessary to conducted a research on the impacts of the invasive plants there and then giving the basis for better management of the national park. After field surveys in recently years (2018-2022), 47 alliance species recorded at the National Park were evaluated according to guidance and data provided by Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) and Centre for Agriculture and Biosciences International (CABI) developed Invasive Species Compendium (ISC) and also Circular 35/2018/TT-BTNMT. Result showed that 29 species were invaders and especially 11 species of them are detailly evaluated in 10 habitats.  2 species as Mexican sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) and Lantana (Lantana camara) are evaluated as High risk for both areas while 3 other ones are evaluated as High risk for buffer zone only, including Giant sensitive tree), Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala) and Giant sensitive plant (Mimosa diplotricha). The other ones have been evaluated as Medium risk (at buffer zone) to Low risk (at core area) are Blackjack (Bidens pilosa), Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata), Bay Biscayne creeping-oxeye (Sphagneticola trilobata), Jamaica cherry (Muntingia calabura), Jamaica vervain (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis) and Coast morning glory (Ipomoea cairica). By this evaluation, Mexican sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia), Blackjack (Bidens pilosa), Jamaica cherry (Muntingia calabura), Jamaica vervain (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis) and Coast morning glory (Ipomoea cairica) are suggested to include to the list of invasive organisms of the nation. Besides that, it is necessary to strengthen control of Mexican sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) inside the core area of the NP in particular and in Ba Vi district in general, especially at the tourist place where the festival of Mexican sunflower has been yearly organized.
Policy Implications for Social Development Management in the Context of Digital Transformation in Ho Chi Minh City, Binh Duong, and Tay Ninh Province
Authors: Huu Hoang Nguyen , Van Huan Tran
Published: March 2023

Social development management in the context of digital transformation is a new issue in Vietnam. From a cross-sectional study that includes a survey of 438 civil officials and 450 individuals in Ho Chi Minh City, Binh Duong, and Tay Ninh province, this article analyzes the current state of social development management on six dimensions: Sustainable poverty reduction; health care; education and training; gender equality; social safety, human security and the effectiveness and efficiency of management of the public apparatus in the digital transformation process. The results show that two subject groups gave good and positive evaluation of social development management in these six dimensions. Yet, the two dimensions with the lowest ratings for social development management in the digital age are education and training and health care. The study also recommends that more attention should be given to socially disadvantaged groups to reduce inequality and digital gap in the digital transformation process.

Keywords: Digital inequality, policy, digital transformation, social development management, digital gap.
Leadership and Organizational Commitment of Vietnamese Employees During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Trung Kien Nguyen , Tsutomu Konosu
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic hit the world as a massive and sudden shock. Organizations are having difficulties to complete their objectives while ensuring employees’ safety whereas employees are suffering from mental and psychological health concerns, in addition to work difficulties, consequently affecting their organizational commitment. In this context, organizations and employees look up to leaders for their responses. The present study tackles leadership and organizational commitment of Vietnamese employees during the COVID-19 pandemic using the quantitative methodology. Participants are 267 Vietnamese employees who are currently working under heavy restrictions. The findings show that transformational leadership is the most prominent leadership style in Vietnam during the pandemic, following by transactional leadership. Transformational leadership has a strong and positive relationship with organizational commitment. Transactional leadership has a moderate and positive relationship with organizational commitment. The relationship appears to be weak and negative in the case of passive/avoidant leadership. The outcomes of leadership, most notably leaders’ effectiveness in dealing with group and individual interests and members’ satisfaction also show a strong and positive correlation with organizational commitment. The present study also delivers recommendation to leaders that the aspect of individual consideration should receive more attention as it helps to ease members’ struggle during the crisis, increase their satisfaction, and consequently improve their organizational commitment.

Keywords: Leadership, transformational leadership, transactional leadership, organizational commitment, COVID-19, pandemic.
Penilaian Risiko Pajanan Dermal pada Penggunaan Bahan Berbahaya & Beracun (B3) di Industri Pengolahan Bijih Mineral
Authors: Susanto Arif , E Mauliku Novie , Suhat Suhat
Published: March 2023

Pajanan bahan kimia berupa bahan berbahaya dan beracun (B3) dapat terjadi melalui penghirupan, pencernaan, dan kontak dermal. Pajanan B3 ini dapat menyebabkan penyakit serius, iritasi dan/atau korosi, cedera, dan bahkan kematian. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis risiko kesehatan B3 yang digunakan dalam proses pengolahan bijih mineral terhadap pajanan dermal pada pekerja di perusahaan tambang. Jenis penelitian yaitu deskriptif dengan metode penelitian yang digunakan merupakan studi kasus. Penilaian pajanan dermal menggunakan metode Chemical Health Risk Assessment (CHRA) yang diterbitkan oleh Departemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Malaysia Tahun 2018. Bahan kimia yang dianalisis terbatas pada reagen yang digunakan dalam produksi yang memiliki rute pajanan dermal. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk pengenalan bahaya dan evaluasi paparan melalui pajanan dermal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat risiko pajanan dermal dikategorikan sebagai risiko sedang hingga tinggi. Risiko pajanan dermal tersebut menyebabkan efek kesehatan seperti iritasi dermal, iritasi mata, kerusakan mata serius, dan sensitisasi dermal. Terdapat sebanyak 5 (lima) dari 7 (tujuh) reagen yang diidentifikasi memiliki risiko pajanan dermal yang signifikan. Pengendalian yang berkaitan dengan keselamatan kesehatan kerja dan lingkungan kerja (K3LK) pada proses pengolahan bijih mineral tersebut harus ditingkatkan untuk meminimalkan risiko pajanan dermal.