bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comercio neutral y contrabando angloamericano en las costas de la mar del sur: el decomiso de la fragata Warren (1807)
Authors: Ramírez Espíndola Manuel
Published: March 2024

El artículo analiza los efectos que trajo consigo la apertura del Pacífico hispano al tráfico naval británico y angloamericano desde el último tercio del siglo XVIII, en el marco de las guerras imperiales y la posterior implementación del comercio neutral con Hispanoamérica. Básicamente, nos interesa establecer las características del proceso de penetración de compañías balleneras y loberas, en paralelo a la circulación de buques neutrales, vinculando las operaciones “legales” de estos últimos con la práctica de ilícitos como el contrabando, el corso y la piratería, dirigidos, precisamente, contra el comercio hispano-criollo. Para ello nos centramos en el caso de la fragata Warren, analizando las dimensiones locales y globales que trajo consigo este incidente, cuyas consecuencias se proyectaron hasta la posindependencia.
Piratas, filibusteros y corsarios: un análisis historiográfico del saqueo marítimo en el Atlántico y su papel en la llamada temprana globalización en los siglos XVI, XVII y XVIII
Authors: Mancha Martínez Erick
Published: March 2024

Este ensayo tiene como propósito analizar las diferentes perspectivas desde donde se ha mirado a los piratas y su historia, ya sea en relación con el saqueo marítimo, la formación de la economía mundial capitalista, la expansión de los imperios en los siglo XVI, XVII y XVIII o simplemente con los aspectos culturales y cotidianos que desarrollaron en su vida. Se busca observar la existencia de los piratas como personajes que en esencia se convirtieron en sujetos globales por la dinámica específica de su actividad y las manifestaciones en una serie de cambios que afectaron a otros sujetos alrededor del globo, principalmente en el espacio marítimo del Atlántico, durante la temprana globalización.
RETURNING TO SELF AND LEVELS OF CONSCIOUSNESS: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES IN NEOPLATONIC SEMANTIC OF EPISTROPHE
Authors:   Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, DOMNARI CORINA
Published: March 2024

In my paper I will discuss the reinterpretation of the Neoplatonic ‘epistrophe’ as a hallmark of description of subjectivity in the Patristics. The Plotinian theme of epistrophe outlined a new understanding of Self, centered on individuality and subjectivity. By affirming the existence of distinctive levels in Self, Plotinus brought a degree of complexity to the Platonic Self, by introducing levels of epistrophe, manifested in a continuum that extends from the sensitive to the intelligible. The intelligible Plotinian realm is ‘in us’, the one that can be reached on the way back to oneself. Converting transference means decisions made by the rational beings to move toward their cause and beginning or their own end, God.
PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF NEW SOCIO-POLITICAL TRENDS AND MIGRATION OF CITIZENS
Authors:   MGIMO MFA of Russia, GADZHIMURADOVA GYULNARA I. ,   Institute for Demographic Research, Federal Centre of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2024

The article analyzes the role of education and the challenges faced by the domain of philosophy of education nowadays. Civilization owes its existence to the development and formation of education. The philosophy of education considers the most general foundations of education, its development and functioning. The main aim of this article is to critically undertake the value of education and analyze how it has developed from ancient times up until nowadays along the philosophy of education. One of the major challenges is represented by the increased costs assigned to education, which has become one of the most expensive and most valuable commodities and, consequently, has affected the development of countries. In fact, one of the major premises of this study is that educational resources, rather than economic ones, definitely impact the raise and evolution of a nation. A particular focus will be devoted to the correspondences and contrasts between different European educational traditions and some Russian paradigms reflected by the philosophy of education. The European liberal understanding of the philosophy of education and its reception in the Russian philosophical thought have both differences and common aspects. Both support the idea that the philosophy of education has a pronounced interdisciplinary character which should be kept as such. A special place in the field of education is occupied by the international market of educational services, which is designed to improve the demographic situation and positively influences the labor market of recipient countries, as well as contribute to the development of the general level of education of the nation. A second argument that will tailor the current research will plea for accepting the competition of talents in the modern world, which is designed to attract educational migrants. The export of education requires freedom of movement, which underlies the free competition of educational services and the worldwide exchange of knowledge. Thus, the free exchange of knowledge and its transfer will contribute to maximize innovations in the field of education, which consequently will directly support both the modernization of the educational systems and the preservation of national educational traditions.
IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM MERDEKA BELAJAR DALAM BENTUK UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEPEDULIAN SISWA SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 3 TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN SEKITAR MELALUI SEMINAR LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Septiana Tina , Yulianti Siska Dwi , Fauziyah Siti Sarah , Susanto Eko
Published: March 2024

Garbage is the remains of human daily activities or natural processes in solid or semi-solid form in the form of organic or inorganic substances that are biodegradable or non-biodegradable which are considered useless and disposed of into the environment. As representatives of the future society, students must be equipped with the value of caring for the environment from an early age. This community service program uses the lecture and question and answer method in the form of a seminar with the theme "Environment: Green Environmental Care School for Muhammadiyah 3 Middle School Students in Sukamaju Village, Kadudampit District, Sukabumi Regency" with the aim of providing knowledge to Muhammadiyah 3 Middle School students about the need for awareness to protect the surrounding environment from damage that they can start from the school environment. Thus, students can contribute to the formation of green schools in their respective schools.
Incorporation of Critical Thinking Skills Development: A Case of Mathematics Curriculum for Grades I-XII
Authors: Jamil Muhammad , Batool Bokhari Tahira , Iqbal Javed
Published: March 2024

This research explores the analysis of the National Curriculum for Mathematics (2006) in Pakistan to promote critical thinking among students from grades I to XII. The qualitative content analysis was used to systematically scrutinize the curriculum document to determine significant aspects that contribute to developing critical thinking skills. The analysis focused on developing conceptual understanding and skill development while addressing real-life problem-solving and logical reasoning. It is based on a spiral approach where concepts are revisited and deepened across grades, promoting interactive, student-centered teaching methods. Finally, it highly underscores the use of technology, especially at higher levels, that can enhance mathematical exploration. The curriculum also demonstrates its commitment to reasoning and logical thinking by dedicating a separate standard and incorporating activities encouraging pattern recognition, argumentation, and justification. However, how successful this can be in classrooms will depend primarily on how well it is executed. This study provides valuable insights into the potential of the mathematics curriculum in Pakistan to develop student's critical thinking abilities and offers recommendations for further improvement. The findings imply that designing curricular materials is essential in realizing 21st-century skills; remarkably, the National Curriculum for Mathematics (2006), Pakistan, is well-grounded in assisting students' development regarding critical thinking.
Energy Consumption and Trade Liberalization: Investigating Performance of Economic Growth for French Economy
Authors: Usman Muhammad , Saeed Arifa , Latif Ayesha , Zakir Anam
Published: March 2024

This study is organized to determine the performance of economic growth in the French economy. For this purpose, this study considers the role of energy consumption, trade openness and consumer prices as determining factors. The ARDL bounds test will be used for the sample from 1986 to 2022 to obtain empirical results. The results confirm that economic growth and its determinants are cointegrated in the long run. Moreover, the results also reveal that only energy consumption and trade openness significantly boost economic growth. It is further witnessed that capital accumulation is expanding economic growth in France. Among these three factors, trade openness's impact is stronger than the other factors taken in this research.
Kinetic properties of a dendrite tip in a supercooled melt of pure metal.
Authors:   Sukhoi State Technical University of Gomel, Shablovsky О. N. , Kontsevoy I. А. ,   Sukhoi State Technical University of Gomel
Published: March 2024

High-speed dendritic growth of a crystal from a deeply supercooled pure metal melt is considered. The dendrite tip growth equation serves as the basis of the study, while local nonequilibrium heat transfer prop- erties have also been taken into account. The regularities of melt supercooling influence on the curvature of the apex behaviour and heat removal from the solid phase have been obtained. The interval limits of crystal- lization phase boundary aperiodic stability are calculated. A standing wave of perturbation of the dendrite tip has been studied: the periods of oscillations in coordinate and time have been determined, as well as the pat- terns of their behavior when the wave attenuation parameter changes have been indicated. The results of a comparative analysis of the dendrite tip kinetic properties for nickel and copper are presented
‘The Wrestlers’: A Roman mosaic from North Africa
Authors: Gordon Sandra
Published: March 2024

In 2018 the Nicholson Museum, The University of Sydney, acquired a small Roman mosaic known as ‘The Wrestlers’ (NM 2018.135). The mosaic is of North African origin and is almost certainly the product of a local Tunisian workshop during the 3rd century, a period of intense urbanisation and wealthy local patronage in the Roman provinces. The mosaic depicts two athletes in the final stages of a pankratic competition and is framed by a distinctive red and black border, parallels for which are found in mosaics from Gightis near modern Boughrara in southeastern Tunisia. This paper analyses the mosaic within the context of decorative mosaic art and places it chronologically and stylistically within the broader scope of the mosaic industry in Africa Proconsularis.
Concerning the origin of the Codex Angus
Authors: Olivier Jean-Marie
Published: March 2024

The paper about Codex Angus by Gerber (2017) traced its history from 1929 when it came into the possession of Adolf Deissmann. This paper explores its history prior to that, and proposes a later date for it.
De la Anastasie Crimca la Matei Basarab. Manifestări ale sentimentelor antigrecești în Țările Române
Authors:   Facultatea de Istorie, Universitatea „Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, Iaşi, SZÉKELY Maria Magdalena
Published: March 2024

The present study analyses several texts: a note by the Metropolitan of Moldavia Anastasius Crimca (1610), three documents issued by the Moldavian lord Miron Barnovski (1626) and three documents coming from the chancery of the Wallachian lord Matthew Basarab (1639-1640). All these documents deal with the patronage rights and all have a pronounced Grecophobia. The antipathy towards the Greeks in the Romanian Principalities is a subject both sensitive and controversial. Previous scholars assumed that the anti-Greek sentiments emerged in Wallachia earlier than in Moldavia, probably considering the geographical position of this principality, more exposed to the influx of people and to the influences coming from south of the Danube. However, the present study argues that, at least when the ecclesiastical matters were concerned, the anti-Greek feelings first appeared in Moldovia. Already from the 16th century, there are written sources attesting to the existence of such xenophobic feelings. The intolerance manifested against Catholics, Protestants and Armenians was typically attributed to a traditionalist Orthodox stance, adopted by the high clergy and by the monks closed to the circles of power. In this pre-existing context, an increasing number of Ottoman Christians attempted to infiltrate into the Moldavian elite. In the first decades of the 17th century, the anti-Greek stance became vehement in the Romanian principalities, taking various forms, from rhetoric to revolt. Based on its own beliefs and self-interests, the entire Moldavian society – boyars of all ranks, townspeople, peasants and soldiers – identified a generic „enemy” in the Greek-speaking immigrants. The Orthodox faith shared by Wallachians, Moldavians and Greeks did not ease this resentment. As time went by, these resentments manifested increasingly vigorously, as local scholars reinforced the idea of the Latin origins of the Romanians, in the footsteps of the 16th century humanists.
Întregiri documentare privind ajutoarele românești pentru așezăminte religioase din Constantinopol și din împrejurimile acestuia (secolul al XVIII-lea)
Authors:   Institutul de Istorie „N. Iorga” al Academiei Române, LAZĂR Gheorghe
Published: March 2024

The financial aid provided over the centuries by the Romanian Principalities to the numerous religious communities throughout the Eastern Christianity was more than substantial. The consistent documentary evidence identified so far in different archives is able to prove this assertion beyond any doubt. Nonetheless, it seems obvious that there are numerous other similar testimonies waiting to be discovered in various archives, either in Romania or abroad. This is even more the case for the 18th c. and the early 19th c., as there are plenty of unedited sources from this period. The present study aims to contribute to this scholarly effort by publishing several donation documents issued by the Wallachian and the Moldavian lords to the benefit of several religious communities located in Constantinople/Istanbul and its surroundings. There are eight such documents, identified by the author in the Romanian archives, and they refer to the following religious communities: St. John, St. Dumitru, Maguliotisa in Constantinople; the Assumption of the Virgin Mary on the island of Halki; the Transfiguration on the island of Proti, and St. Theodore in the village of Pivatecu. The documents are edited in extenso in the appendix of the study. Only after the entire corpus of sources is edited, we will have a complete image of the Moldo-Wallachian financial aid to the Eastern Christianity.
First Report on the Fungal Pathogens Associated with Leaf Tip Blight of Oil Palm at Nursery Stage in Malaysia
Authors: Syd Ali Nusaibah , Asmieda Wan Nur , Sagaff Sharifah Aliya Syed
Published: March 2024

Oil palm has been contributing to the economic growth and gross national income (GNI) of Malaysia. On that note, supply of disease-free oil palm seedlings to field is crucial. At present many nurseries encounter disease infestations of the seedlings at nursery stages. One of the most common diseases identified was leaf tip blight. The disease incidences cause critical quality, quantity loss of the seedlings and draw other pathogens in the field to infect the initially infected host. Till to date, no study has been conducted to diagnose leaf tip blight disease of oil palm at nursery stage in Malaysia. Molecular identification was conducted by using 3 specific primers namely actin gene (ACT), betatubulin-2 (Bt2), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GD) gene and complete rDNA-ITS (ITS) to confirm the isolates. All the isolated fungi matched 98% to 100% similarity with GenBank database. Thus, the isolated isolates were identified as Nigrospora sp., Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Phoma sp. In vitro pathogenicity test demonstrated that, the three-isolates produced similar leaf tip blight symptoms as the infested seedlings at the nursery. As a conclusion, Nigrospora sp., C. gloeosporioides and Phoma sp. were identified as the causal pathogen of leaf tip blight of oil palm with different levels of virulence.
Identification of Alien Chromosome/Chromatin Introgressions in Triticale × Wheat Derived Stable Lines Through Molecular Cytogenetic Analysis
Authors: Jeberson M S , Chaudhary H K , Chahota R K , Ashokkumar Kaliyaperumal
Published: March 2024

Molecular cytogenetic study was conducted for identifying rye chromosome/chromatin translocation, substitution and addition in 43 triticale x wheat derived stable lines (BC1F7 and F7 generations) six different crosses using FISH (Fluorescence in situ hybridization) and GISH (Genomic in situ hybridization) analyses with different probes. Rye chromosomes/chromatin was identified in 17 BC1F7 and 12 F7 lines by these two analyses. The GISH and FISH techniques worked satisfactorily for identifying the presence of rye chromatin at metaphase. All the lines were associated with alien chromosome translocation, addition or substitution except a few lines. Most of the recombinants present in TW 1, TW 2 and TW 6 crosses were observed to be associated with important alien chromatin translocation like 1BL/1RS, substitutions 1R (1D), 5R (5D) and combination of both i.e., 1BL/1RS + 5R (5D) and in some cases presence of more than 4 rye chromosomes. The crosses TW 3 and TW 5 possessed 8 to 14 rye chromosomes in their chromosome constitution. So, their morphological expression was similar to triticale. These reconstituted lines will be of immense application for the future wheat breeding programmes.
Assessment of drought tolerance in six maize hybrids (Zea mays L.) using biochemical indices
Authors: Bushero Dale , Tullu Leta , Kebede Mulugeta
Published: March 2024

Maize (Zea mays L.) variety has diverse genetic characters; hence this study was led to assess drought tolerance of maize variety subjected to well water and water stress environments. Drought is one of major factor that results thoughtful influence plant development as well as productivity. The outcome becomes severe where rain fed agriculture is practiced. Evaluation of variety that can better tolerate such condition can help for selection and are important in reducing associated crop loss. The study was performed in greenhouse using CRD with three replications. Six maize varieties MH-140, Melkassa-2 (MH-2), Melkassa-3 (MH-3), Melkassa-4 (MH-4), Melkassa-6Q and MHQ138 developed by Melkassa Agricultural Research Center (MARC) were used and grown in normal and water scarce condition. The collected data were leaf proline, chlorophyll content, soluble sugar content, relative water content, leaf nitrogen content, protein content specific leaf area, specific leaf weight. Data were analyzed by ANOVA using SAS 9.4 software. Mean comparisons were implemented using LSD test at P < 0.01. The study outcomes revealed that high SLA and SLW value was recorded for, Melkassa-4 (MH-4) whereas, MHQ138 is recorded lower value. Leaf proline, chlorophyll content, soluble sugar content, relative water content, leaf nitrogen (N) content and protein content, value had revealed Melkassa-4 the most drought tolerant variety whereas MHQ138 is the least drought tolerant variety among the maize varieties used in this research study.
Essential oil composition of allspice [Pimenta dioica (L.) Merill.] leaf from the Western Ghats, India
Authors: Ashokkumar Kaliyaperumal , Murugan Muthusamy , Vellaikumar Sampathrajan , Dhanya M K
Published: March 2024

The chemical composition of essential oils from the fresh leaf of Pimenta dioica (L.) Merill. growing in the Western Ghats, India was investigated for the first time. Hydro-distillation method was used to extract the essential oil, which was then evaluated using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The yields of essential oil for fresh leaf were 0.6% (v/w). The predominant constituents of the essential oil (EO) of fresh leaf were oxygenated phenylpropenes (75.70 %). The major constituents of fresh leaf EOs were eugenol (67.67%), myrcene (10.40%), chavicol (8.03%), and limonene (4.55%). The earlier reported values of eugenol (54.00%), myrcene (16.00%), and chavicol (12.50%). As prominent constituents in the EO of P. dioica leaf, these biologically active compounds offer a novel potential source for phenylpropene and monoterpenes, which can be employed in culinary, fragrance, and medical applications.
Influential Factors Shaping Innovation Behavior among ABC Agency Personnel
Authors: Sengchuen Chanakan
Published: March 2024

Innovation behavior is crucial for organizational success, especially in environments marked by rapid change and competition. This study examines the factors influencing innovation behavior among personnel within the ABC agency. Through a comprehensive analysis, this paper identifies key intrinsic and extrinsic determinants shaping innovation within the agency. Factors such as organizational culture, leadership styles, resources availability, and individual characteristics are explored for their impact on innovation behavior. Additionally, the influence of external factors like market dynamics and regulatory frameworks is examined. Drawing from theoretical frameworks and empirical evidence, this research offers actionable insights for policymakers, managers, and practitioners seeking to foster innovation within the ABC agency and similar contexts. By understanding these factors, stakeholders can develop targeted strategies to enhance innovation capabilities and drive organizational performance. This study contributes to the broader understanding of innovation management by offering nuanced insights into the specific context of the ABC agency, while also advancing knowledge on the complexities of innovation behavior within organizations.
THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL CAPITAL AND TEACHER INNOVATION SUPPORTING ON UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' INNOVATION PERFORMANCE
Authors: Lin Qinghong , Suwandej Niyom
Published: March 2024

Innovation plays a vital role in driving scientific development and civilization progress, and cultivating the innovative ability of college students is a primary task of university education. To develop their innovative ability, students must cultivate rational thinking, good judgment, critical thinking skills, and be encouraged to break through existing rules and regulations while building on the achievements of human civilization. This paper investigates the effects of social capital and teacher innovation support on college students' innovation performance based on social networks.Through the study of related literature review, we found that both college students' social capital and teachers' innovation support have a positive influence on students' innovation performance. Moreover, college students' innovation cognitive style and innovation self-efficacy play a mediating role in the influence of college students' social capital on students' creative performance. At the same time, students' innovation cognitive style and innovation self-efficacy also mediate the positive influence of teachers' innovation support on students' creative performance. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings will also be discussed in this paper.
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF BRAND COMMUNICATION FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM TEA ENTERPRISES IN THE ERA OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION--ACASE STUDY OF GUIZHOU PROVINCE,CHINA
Authors: Zhimin Jiang
Published: March 2024

Digital transformation poses various opportunities and challenges for the brand communication of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the tea industry. This qualitative study aims to identify the problems that tea SMEs encounter in their brand communication and to propose strategies and suggestions for improvement. The study finds that tea SMEs have a relatively low level of awareness and understanding of brand communication, and they fail to recognize the changes in the market, communication channels, media, and consumers brought by digital transformation. Consequently, their brand communication concepts and strategies are outdated and ineffective, and they need to be revised and updated. The study suggests that tea SMEs should adapt their brand communication to the current media environment of digital transformation by shifting their communication marketing focus, delivering more distinctive and relevant communication content, and addressing the diverse needs of different consumer segments. These measures can help enhance their brand awareness and brand competitiveness in the digital era.
The Position of State Institutions (Main & Supporting) Against the Trias Politica Concept Based on the Indonesian State Administration System
Authors: Muhammad Hoiru Nail
Published: March 2024

State institutions in a country listed in its constitution are a reflection that the country exists to provide certainty that the country is present for its citizens. State institutions themselves in a constitution consist of at least 2 (two) namely the main state organs (main state organs) and state auxiliary bodies (state auxiliary body), but in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia this is not explicitly stated. The two state institutions have a very important role in the Indonesian state administration system. the existence of the trias politica concept affecting the position of state institutions guaranteed in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, requires a complete and comprehensive understanding of the study of the powers of state institutions guaranteed in a constitution. The flow of changes to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia only on the pretext of the need or importance of existing state institutions and has not been explicitly stated in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia must be dammed considering the sacredness of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia must be maintained (it is not easy to change the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia)
Developing a Functional User Interface for VR Simulations within Agricultural Equipment Contexts
Authors:   Department of Information Technologies, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic, Brabec Miroslav , Benda Tomáš ,   Department of Information Engineering, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic, Benda Petr ,   Department of Information Technologies, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic, Šimek Pavel ,   Department of Information Technologies, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic, Havránek Martin ,   Department of Information Technologies, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic, Lohr Václav ,   Department of Information Technologies, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the optimization of VR simulation interfaces for agricultural machinery, emphasizing the critical role of skill development and targeted education in enhancing agricultural efficiency. By utilizing eye-tracking technology, the research evaluates user experience (UX) across two menu designs - panel and radial -in VR settings. Results highlight the significance of intuitive menu design in facilitating user navigation and information access, with the panel menu outperforming the radial menu in usability. Despite some preferences for the radial menu's features, the panel menu is favored for its user-friendly design and ease of access, particularly in agricultural simulations. The findings suggest that effective VR interface design, supported by focused training, can significantly improve operational efficiency in agriculture.
The Use of Products with a Monitoring System for Remote Bee Detection in Beekeeping in Czechia
Authors:   Faculty of Business and Management, Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic, Kaňovská Lucie
Published: March 2024

The use of modern technology is becoming part of both industry and agriculture. These technologies can also be used in beekeeping, where they can help to monitor the operation of the hive remotely. Beekeepers can remotely monitor the weight of their hives, their temperature, humidity, and other parameters. The aim of this paper is to map the beekeepers in the use of products with monitoring system for remote bee detection in beekeeping in Czechia. To map the issue, qualitative research using semi-structured interviews was conducted with beekeepers, manufacturers/providers of smart devices in beekeeping, and other entities involved in beekeeping. The findings showed that the interest of manufacturers and sellers to offer these smart devices is significant, but the interest of beekeepers is rather less, due to e.g., the purchase price, weaker IT knowledge, traditional beekeeping practices, higher age of beekeepers and the joy of being personally with bees. The novelty of the paper is not to look at the provision of ICT in beekeeping from a technical perspective, but from the perspective of users (beekeepers) and manufacturers of these technologies. Through interviews with beekeepers as well as others in the apiculture sphere, a comprehensive view of the issue is developed. Moreover, this is the first piece of research on this area in Czechia.
Flowpath 2023 Conference
Authors: Sapiano Manuel
Published: March 2024

The issue 175/1 of Acque Sotterranee – Italian Journal of Groundwater presents contributions from the Flowpath 2023 Conference which was held in Malta between the 14th and 16th of June. The scope of Flowpath focused on ensuring that hydrogeology can play an important role in supporting the development of groundwater management and protection policies; on strengthening the knowledge and research initiatives on emerging challenges to the groundwater environment and to highlight research initiatives undertaken in the Maltese islands, and improve technical cooperation between Maltese and Italian hydrogeologists. Flowpath brought together in Malta almost 200 hydrogeologists from Italy, Malta and six other countries who together contributed to 8 keynote speeches, 42 oral presentations and 45 posters. In fact this edition includes three papers from the Flowpath conference, two of which highlight joint work undertaken by researchers from Italy and Malta in the characterization of groundwater bodies.
KEMAMPUAN MEMBAYAR IURAN JAMINAN KESEHATAN NASIONAL PESERTA PENERIMA BANTUAN IURAN (JKN PBI) KOTA TANGERANG TAHUN 2023
Authors: Darwati Darwati , Pujiyanto, SKM, M.Kes Pujiyanto , Hidayat Budi
Published: March 2024

Jumlah peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) Penerima Bantuan Iuran (PBI) di Kota Tangerang dari pendanaan daerah terus meningkat sekitar 8,85% per tahun. Sebaliknya, jumlah peserta JKN Pekerja Bukan Penerima Upah (PBPU) dan Bukan Pekerja (BP) yang membayar iuran secara mandiri mengalami penurunan sekitar 0,7% per tahun sejak 2017-2022. Salah satu implikasi dari fenomena tersebut adalah anggaran daerah untuk membiayai iuran JKN peserta PBI jauh lebih besar dibandingkan dengan anggaran untuk program lainnya. Pada tahun 2020 pembayaran iuran JKN peserta PBI APBD Kota Tangerang sebesar 57,81%, tahun 2021 sebesar 75,32%, dan tahun 2022 sebesar 77,09% dari total anggaran Dinas Kesehatan Kota Tangerang di luar belanja pegawai dan tata kelola pemerintahan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis kemampuan membayar iuran JKN masyarakat Kota Tangerang tahun 2023 dan variabel yang mempengaruhi. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan sampel sebanyak 400 orang peserta JKN segmen PBI yang dipilih secara accidental. Pengambilan data dilakukan di dua rumah sakit wilayah Kota Tangerang pada bulan Juni 2023 menggunakan instrumen kuesioner. Rerata kemampuan membayar iuran JKN adalah sebesar Rp 54.904,-/orang/bulan. Sebanyak 61,25% responden memiliki kemampuan membayar iuran JKN Rp 35.000,-/orang/bulan. Terdapat potensi penghematan pengeluaran APBD Kota Tangerang sebesar Rp 92,7 miliar/tahun jika 61,25% peserta JKN PBI APBD yang memiliki kemampuan membayar Rp 35.000,-/orang/bulan dikeluarkan dari kepesertaan PBI. Hasil analisis multivariat menemukan variabel yang dominan mempengaruhi kemampuan membayar iuran JKN adalah pengeluaran non-pangan.
Genome Wide Identification, Characterization and Evolutionary Analysis of T6SS in Burkholderia cenocepacia Strains
Authors:   Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Shamsabad, Murree Road, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan, Raza Sardarni K. , Ibrahim Muhammad ,   Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Sahiwal Campus, Sahiwal, Islamabad, Pakistan, Kainaat  ,   Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Shamsabad, Murree Road, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan, Farid Afshan ,   Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Shamsabad, Murree Road, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan, Khan Sardar S. N. ,   Department of Food Safety and Quality Management, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Shamsabad, Murree Road, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan, Talat Aqsa ,   Department of Food Safety and Quality Management, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Shamsabad, Murree Road, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan, Arzoo Tayyaba ,   Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Main Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan, Fatima Syeda I. ,   Department of Food Safety and Quality Management, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Shamsabad, Murree Road, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan, Waheed Abdul ,   Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Shamsabad, Murree Road, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan
Published: March 2024

Pathogens of the Burkholderia genus are causing diseases in a diverse variety of hosts. After the discovery of T6SS, it was found to play a pivotal role in virulence and other pathogenicity factors in different pathogenic Burkholderia species. For this study, three strains of Burkholderia cenocepacia were selected from different ecological niches; J2315 from humans, MC0-3 from the rhizosphere of maize, and YG-3 from the Populus tree. The sequenced genomes were retrieved from PATRIC. It was found that B. cenocepacia J2315 and MC0-3 strains had only 1 cluster of T6SS in their genomes while the YG-3 strain had 3 clusters. The circular genomic map and phylogenetic tree suggested major differences in T6SS clusters 2 and 3 of the YG-3 strain from other clusters. From the results obtained in the study and reviewing the literature, it was concluded that all 3 strains harbor T6SS-1 type cluster that is involved in causing virulence in eukaryotic organisms and several bacterial species. This factor of causing virulence in the bacteria species might be helpful for B. cenocepacia strains J2315, MC0-3 and YG-3 in survival and niche adaptation.
Endogenous oscillatory rhythms and interactive contingencies jointly influence infant attention during early infant-caregiver interaction
Authors: Phillips Emily A.M. , Goupil Louise , Whitehorn Megan , Bruce-Gardyne Emma , Csolsim Florian A. , Kaur Navsheen , Greenwood Emily , Haresign Ira Marriott , Wass Sam V.
Published: March 2024

Almost all early cognitive development takes place in social contexts. At the moment, however, we know little about the neural and micro-interactive mechanisms that support infants’ attention during social interactions. Recording EEG during naturalistic caregiver-infant interactions (N=66), we compare two different accounts. Traditional, didactic perspectives emphasise the role of the caregiver in structuring the interaction, whilst active learning models focus on motivational factors, endogenous to the infant, that guide their attention. Our results show that, already by 12-months, intrinsic cognitive processes control infants’ attention: fluctuations in endogenous oscillatory neural activity associated with changes in infant attentiveness. In comparison, infant attention was not forwards-predicted by caregiver gaze or vocal behaviours. Instead, caregivers rapidly modulated their behaviours in response to changes in infant attention and cognitive engagement, and greater reactive changes associated with longer infant attention. Our findings suggest that shared attention develops through interactive but asymmetric, infant-led processes that operate across the caregiver-child dyad.
Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia reveals role of the Postinspiratory Complex in the mediation of normal swallow production
Authors: Huff Alyssa , Karlen-Amarante Marlusa , Oliveira Luiz Marcelo , Ramirez Jan Marino
Published: March 2024

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep-related breathing disorder that results in multiple bouts of intermittent hypoxia. OSA has many neurologic and systemic comorbidities including dysphagia, or disordered swallow, and discoordination with breathing. However, the mechanism in which chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) causes dysphagia is unknown. Recently we showed the Postinspiratory complex (PiCo) acts as an interface between the swallow pattern generator (SPG) and the inspiratory rhythm generator, the preBötzinger Complex, to regulate proper swallow-breathing coordination (Huff et al., 2023). PiCo is characterized by interneurons co-expressing transporters for glutamate (Vglut2) and acetylcholine (ChAT). Here we show that optogenetic stimulation of ChATcre:Ai32, Vglut2cre:Ai32, and ChATcre:Vglut2FlpO:ChR2 mice exposed to CIH does not alter swallow-breathing coordination, but unexpectedly triggers variable swallow motor patterns. This suggests, glutamatergic-cholinergic neurons in PiCo are not only critical for the regulation of swallow-breathing coordination, but also play an important role in the modulation of swallow motor patterning. Our study also suggests that swallow disruption, as seen in OSA, involves central nervous mechanisms interfering with swallow motor patterning and laryngeal activation. These findings are crucial for understanding the mechanisms underlying dysphagia in OSA and other breathing and neurological disorders.
Biases of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in Physical Anthropology Studies Require a Reevaluation of Evolutionary Insights
Authors: Mohseni Nima , Elhaik Eran
Published: March 2024

Evolutionary biologists, primarily palaeoanthropologists, anatomists and ontogenists, employ modern geometric morphometrics to quantitatively analyse physical forms (e.g., skull morphology) and explore relationships, variations, and differences between samples and taxa using landmark coordinates. The standard approach comprises two steps: Generalised Procrustes Analysis (GPA) followed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). PCA projects the superimposed data produced by GPA onto a set of uncorrelated variables, which can be visualised on scatterplots and used to draw phenetic, evolutionary, and ontogenetic conclusions. Recently, the use of PCA in genetic studies has been challenged. Due to PCA’s central role in morphometrics, we sought to evaluate the standard approach and claims based on PCA outcomes. To test PCA’s accuracy, robustness, and reproducibility using benchmark data of the crania of five papionin genera, we developed MORPHIX, a Python package for processing superimposed landmark data with classifier and outlier detection methods, which can be further visualised using various plots. Throughout this manuscript, we address the recent and contentious use of PCA in physical anthropology and phylogenetic inference, such as the case of
Homo Nesher Ramla
, an archaic hominin with a questionable taxonomy. We found that PCA outcomes are artefacts of the input data and are neither reliable, robust, nor reproducible as field members may assume. We also found that supervised machine learning classifiers are more accurate both for classification and detecting new taxa. Our findings raise concerns about PCA-based findings applied in 18,400 to 35,200 Physical anthropology studies. Our work can be used to evaluate prior and novel claims concerning the origins and relatedness of inter- and intra-species and improve phylogenetic and taxonomic reconstructions.
The Primary Function of MTL is Memory, not Navigation: Grid Cells are Non-spatial (what) and Place Cells are Memories (what and where) that Cause Grid Fields through Retrieval
Authors: Huber David E.
Published: March 2024

A theory and neurocomputational model are presented that explain grid cell responses as the byproduct of equally dissimilar hippocampal memories. On this account, place and grid cells are not best understood as providing a navigational system. Instead, place cells represent memories that are conjunctions of both spatial and non-spatial attributes, and grid cells primarily represent the non-spatial attributes (e.g., odors, surface texture, etc.) found throughout the two-dimensional recording enclosure. Place cells support memories of the locations where non-spatial attributes can be found (e.g., positions with a particular odor), which are arranged in a hexagonal lattice owing to memory encoding and consolidation processes (pattern separation) as applied to situations in which the non-spatial attributes are found at all locations of a two-dimensional surface. Grid cells exhibit their spatial firing pattern owing to feedback from hippocampal place cells (i.e., a hexagonal pattern of remembered locations for the non-spatial attribute represented by a grid cell). The model explains: 1) grid fields that appear to be centered outside the box; 2) the toroidal nature of grid field representations; 3) grid field alignment with the enclosure borders; 4) modules in which grid cells have the same orientation and spacing but different phases; 5) head direction conjunctive grid cells that become simple head direction cells in the absence of hippocampal feedback; 6) the instant existence of grid fields in a novel environment; 7) the slower learning of place cells; 8) the manner in which head direction sensitivity of place cells changes near borders and in narrow passages; 9) the kinds of changes that underlie remapping of place cells; and 10) grid-like responses for two-dimensional coordinate systems other than navigation.
A ‘torn bag mechanism’ of small extracellular vesicle release via limiting membrane rupture of en bloc released amphisomes (amphiectosomes)
Authors: Visnovitz Tamás , Lenzinger Dorina , Koncz Anna , Vizi Péter M , Bárkai Tünde , Vukman Krisztina V , Galinsoga Alicia , Németh Krisztina , Fletcher Kelsey , Komlósi Zsolt I , Cserép Csaba , Dénes Ádám , Lőrincz Péter , Valcz Gábor , Buzas Edit I
Published: March 2024

Recent studies showed an unexpected complexity of extracellular vesicle (EV) biogenesis pathways. We previously found evidence that human colorectal cancer cells in vivo release large multivesicular body-like structures en bloc. Here, we tested whether this large EV type is unique to colorectal cancer cells. We found that all cell types we studied (including different cell lines and cells in their original tissue environment) released multivesicular large EVs (MV-lEVs). We also demonstrated that upon spontaneous rupture of the limiting membrane of the MV-lEVs, their intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) escaped to the extracellular environment by a ‘torn bag mechanism’. We proved that the MV-lEVs were released by ectocytosis of amphisomes (hence, we termed them amphiectosomes). Both ILVs of amphiectosomes and small EVs separated from conditioned media were either exclusively CD63 or LC3B positive. According to our model, upon fusion of multivesicular bodies with autophagosomes, fragments of the autophagosomal inner membrane curl up to form LC3B positive ILVs of amphisomes, while CD63 positive small EVs are of multivesicular body origin. Our data suggest a novel common release mechanism for small EVs, distinct from the exocytosis of multivesicular bodies or amphisomes, as well as the small ectosome release pathway.
Understanding of Human Nature in Renaissance Utopias
Authors: YILMAZ Fikret
Published: March 2024

Rönesans dönemi ütopyalarında ideal insan tasarımı konusunda yapılan bu incelemeyi özetlerken, ütopyaların hem sosyal düzen hem de bireysel yaşam üzerinde nasıl derin bir etkisi olduğunu vurgulamak önemlidir. More, Bacon ve Campanella'nın
eserleri, ideal insan tasarımını farklı şekillerde ele alırken, ortak bir tema toplumsal refah ve adaletin önemi üzerine yoğunlaşmaktadır. More ve Campanella'nın eserleri, özel mülkiyetin kaldırılması ve kaynakların eşit dağıtılması
fikrini vurgular. Bu durum, insanların toplumdaki rollerini ve sorumluluklarını yeniden düşünmeye zorlar, böylece bireylerin ötesinde bir topluluk bilincine ulaşılmaya çalışılır. Bu yazarlar, insanların daha adil ve eşit bir toplumda
yaşama potansiyelini keşfetmeye teşvik etmek için ütopyalarını kullanırlar. Diğer taraftan, Bacon'ın "Yeni Atlantis" eseri, insanın ilerlemesi ve gelişmesi için bilim ve teknolojinin önemini vurgular. Bacon, insanların doğalarını
ve yeteneklerini keşfetmek ve bunları toplumun yararına kullanmak için bilimin gücüne inanır. Bu ütopyada, bilim ve teknoloji, insanların yaşamlarını iyileştirecek unsurlar olarak sunulur. Bu farklı ütopyaların birleşiminde, ideal
insan tasarımı, bireylerin toplumdaki rollerini ve ahlaki sorumluluklarını anlama ve bireysel yeteneklerini ve potansiyellerini keşfetme üzerine yoğunlaşır. Bu, Rönesans döneminin genel karakteristiği olan insan merkezli düşünceyi
yansıtır ve bu dönemdeki önemli kültürel ve entelektüel değişiklikleri gösterir. Rönesans dönemi ütopyaları, ideal insan tasarımını daha da geniş bir perspektiften incelememize olanak sağlar - sadece bireysel değil, aynı zamanda
toplumsal düzeyde.
Hegemony in the Persuasion Process: Mythos as the Language of Power
Authors: YETKİN Barış
Published: March 2024

Bu makalenin ilgisi, anlattığı hikâyelerle bireyin toplumsal çelişkilerin üstesinden gelmesini ve durumları doğallaştırmasını sağlayan mitlerdir. İlkel insan topluluklarının mitoslarından günümüz mitlerine insan ile birlikte evrimleşmektedir.
Ancak temel amacı tektir: Evreni anlayabilme. Mit, bir hikâyedir, dolayısıyla bir bildirimdir. Gelişim sürecinde bir düşünce aracıdır; bir yöntemdir. Böylesi işleve ve yaygın kullanımına karşın, genelde fark edilmeden de olsa bireyle
birlikte, bireyi içine alan hikâyeler olarak mit anlatımları sürekli üretilir ve yeniden üretilirler. Aslında anlattıkları konular, iktidar mücadeleleridir. Her hikâyenin anlatımı için gereken koşullar mitte de bulunur. Miti inceleyebilmek,
onu bir konuşma olarak kabul etmeyi gerektirir. Dil olmadan da herhangi bir konuşma ediminin gerçekleştirilmesi olanaksızdır. Makale, söz konusu bu kabullerle mitlerin medyadaki kullanımını incelemektedir. Betimsel analiz yöntemi
aracılığıyla mitlerin ne olduğu, özellikle haberlerde niye ve nasıl kullanıldığını sorgulamakta; mitlerin antik dönemden günümüze kadar değişimi, toplumsal işlevi ve medyanın rolüne dair yanıtlar aramaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular,
günümüzde arketip mitlere sadık kalınarak güncel versiyonların hem siyasal aktörler hem de medya tarafından manipülasyon için kullanıldığı; bunlardan çoğunun bireylerce fark edilmediği, fark edilmesine karşın, arkasında yatan neden
ve sonuçlarını önemsenmeyebileceğini düşündürmektedir. Çünkü insanın gündelik yaşamında sürekli olarak her an her yerde mitoslarla karşılaşması, onları doğal olarak kabullenmesini sağlayabilmektedir. Dolayısıyla mit hem kültürel
hem de ideolojik araçlar olarak görev yapmaktadır.