bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do partnership transitions affect individual perceptions of aging in later life? Findings from the German Ageing Survey and the NRW80+ study
Authors: Mauritz Stefan , Bischoff Luisa
Published: August 2023

Objective: The study examines how the individual perceptions of aging (PA) differ by partnership status and develop with the transitions to widowhood, of divorce/separation, and repartnering in later adulthood in Germany.
Background: In previous research from other countries, there is contradictory evidence on the association of partnership status/transitions and PA. Although PA are a crucial indicator for the living conditions of older adults, little is known about their associations with partnership transitions in Germany.
Method: We use panel data from six waves of the German Ageing Survey (1996-2017, n=4,227) and the first two waves of the NRW80+ study (2017-2020, n=845) for retired respondents. We apply linear hybrid models to analyze inter- and intra-individual differences after widowhood, divorce/separation, and the formation of new partnerships.
Results: We observe stable associations of partnership status/transitions and PA only for single dimensions of aging. For example, widowed individuals feel more dependent on others than married individuals. After the transition to widowhood, individuals feel freer to spend their time as they like. Repartnered individuals have more positive PA than singles. Additionally, we found contradictory gender differences for older and oldest old individuals.
Conclusion: In contrast to recent findings, we show that there is only little association of partnership status or partnership transitions and PA in Germany. Our findings emphasize the importance of a multidimensional conceptualization of PA in current research.
THE GEOMORPHOLOGICAL ZONATION OF THE LENA RIVER DELTA EAST PART BY USING GIS-ANALYSIS
Authors:   V.S.Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia, Zolnikov I. D. , Glushkova N. V. ,   V.S.Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia, Kartoziya A. A. ,   V.S.Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia,   A.A.Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia, Chupina D. A. ,   V.S.Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
Published: August 2023

We have carried out geomorphological zoning of the Lena Delta eastern part based on morphometric analysis. First, we have mapped lineaments which are expressed in river network. The analysis of their spatial orientation made it possible to zoning study area. Further morphometric analysis of all revealed areas has allowed to geomorphological characterize they, illustrate their differences, identify a number of patterns, and finally classify them. Morphometric analysis’ results confirm the validity of manual mapping. In addition, our results have confirmed the correspondence of the mapped areas to neotectonic blocks, which have individual features.
PROCESSING OF GRAVITY ANOMALIES BASED ON FIELD APPROXIMATIONS BY THE LEAST SQUARES METHOD (ON THE EXAMPLE OF EASTERN TRANSBAIKALIA)
Authors:   OOO NN Technicheskiye Servisy, Chita, Russia, Gruzdev R. V.
Published: August 2023

An alternative technique for gravimetric data processing using approximations of the gravity anomaly field by the reduction surface is described. The approach peculiarity is the representation of reductions in the form of regional trend, where the correction for an interbedded layer is excluded without a certain density value. The field approximation algorithm is based on the least squares method. The results of research, conclusions and recommendations for the gravity anomalies at other geological exploration targets are presented.
Contradictions in the Breastfeeding Experience: A Clinical-Qualitative Study in Women Who Attended a Breastfeeding Incentive Service
Authors: Ribeiro Roda Silvana , Almeida Bastos Rodrigo , Castro Gondinho Brunna Verna , Vilela Bulgareli Jaqueline , Vitório Octaviani Júlia , Perez Puello Sthefanie , Miranda Guerra Luciane
Published: August 2023

Background: In this study, we explored the mothers perception about their breastfeeding or weaning process. Methods: We conducted a clinical-qualitative study consisting of individual interviews with an intentional sample, closed by theoretical saturation criterion. Results: We analyzed the data using clinical-qualitative content analysis. We interviewed nine mothers aged between 29 and 41 years, who exclusively breastfed for 2 to 6 months. We established three thematic categories: 1) “The weaning paradox: between discomfort and relief from the process”; 2) “Leaving something behind: the bond with the child or with the work?”; and 3) “Ambiguity of control and care”. Women who breastfeed or are in the process of weaning face many contradictory feelings, generating challenges and anguish to decide the best way to care. Conclusions: Health professionals can improve these women's experiences by opening a space for listening and understanding the emotional and social conditions involved.
Extracellular vesicles and particles as mediators of long-range communication in cancer: connecting biological function to clinical applications
Authors: Asao Tetsuhiko , Tobias Gabriel Cardial , Lucotti Serena , Jones David R. , Matei Irina , Lyden David
Published: August 2023

Over the past decade, extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) have emerged as critical mediators of intercellular communication, participating in numerous physiological and pathological processes. In the context of cancer, EVPs exert local effects, such as increased invasiveness, motility, and reprogramming of tumor stroma, as well as systemic effects, including pre-metastatic niche formation, determining organotropism, promoting metastasis and altering the homeostasis of various organs and systems, such as the liver, muscle, and circulatory system. This review provides an overview of the critical advances in EVP research during the past decade, highlighting the heterogeneity of EVPs, their roles in intercellular communication, cancer progression, and metastasis. Moreover, the clinical potential of systemic EVPs as useful cancer biomarkers and therapeutic agents is explored. Last but not least, the progress in EVP analysis technologies that have facilitated these discoveries is discussed, which may further propel EVP research in the future.
Analysis of determining optimal portfolio in BPKH’s portfolios using Tangency Portfolio model
Authors: Ardi Agam Maulana , Darwanto Darwanto
Published: August 2023

Purpose – This study aims to analyze the actual portfolio of BPKH from the hajj fund investment and examine the optimization investment portfolio for BPKH based on PP No.5 Tahun 2018.Methodology – The data used in this study was quarterly in the form of price and coupon for Sukuk instruments and the equivalent of yield rate for Sharia deposits. This study uses the Markowitz Diversification method with the Tangency Portfolio model as a model to determine optimal portfolio. Findings – The result of this study showed that BPKH’s actual portfolios in 2018 and 2019 can’t be determined as efficient portfolios and the optimal portfolio. Meanwhile, BPKH’s actual portfolios in 2020 and 2021 are included as efficient portfolios but not optimal portfolio. The result of an optimal portfolio in this study has a composition as follows: 30% of Sharia deposits, 5,60% of SBSN, and 64,40% of SDHI.Implication – The finding of an optimal portfolio can recommend BPKH to allocate most of the hajj fund in SDHI than SBSN because the SBSN has high risk and still to allocate in Sharia deposits as worth maximum based on regulation in PP No.5 Tahun 2018. BPKH needs to diversify hajj fund investment wider such as Lembaga Tabung Haji (LTH) has done in Malaysia.Originality – This study contributes to evaluate of whether BPKH’s actual portfolios in the first third years since BPKH operation and after the first third years of BPKH operation are efficient and optimal or not. Furthermore, this study provides a combination of instruments in the scenario optimal portfolio.
Are sharia bank financings in Indonesia procyclical?
Authors: Pratami Arifa , Afandi Akhsyim , Sriyana Jaka , Feriyanto Nur
Published: August 2023

Purpose – The study aims to determine whether Islamic banks' debt financing and equity financing are procyclical or counter-cyclical.Methodology – The data used in this study cover eight Islamic commercial banks and span from 2008 to 2020, thereby including 72 observations. The analysis employs the dynamic panel data model estimated using the GMM method (Generalized Method of Moments).Findings –The debt-based financing, under murabahah, salam, istishna, and ijarah contracts, did not display clear procyclical or counter-cyclical behavior. In contrast, equity financing based on mudharabah and musyarakah contracts demonstrated procyclical characteristics concerning economic fluctuation.Implications – Policymakers need to pay more attention to Islamic banks with a greater proportion of equity financing for both micro and macroprudential policy purposes since procyclicality is likely to be associated with higher risks. Similarly, Islamic banks with greater proportion of equity financing need to watch carefully the behavior of their equity financing concerning its effect on risks for the purpose of their risk management and prudential policy. Originality – This research paper fills in the absence of studies that examine which category of Islamic bank financing – debt-based or equity-based financing - is more procyclical.
Does board diversity in Islamic banks matter?
Authors: Taufiqurrahman Taufiqurrahman
Published: August 2023

Purpose – This paper discusses the diversity of boards and the performance of Islamic banks in three different conditions. Specifically, I will prove whether the diversity of the board is important for the performance of Islamic banks in normal conditions, turbulence, and recovery.
Methodology – The data includes all Islamic and conventional commercial banks in Indonesia during 2018-2022. The research period is divided into normal, turbulent, and recovery conditions. The data were analyzed with a panel regression model.
Findings – The results show that the level of board diversity in Islamic banks is lower than that of their conventional counterparts. In general, the level of board diversity is very important to encourage better bank performance. The effect of board diversity on performance is only significant in recovery conditions, but in times of turbulence, it is the opposite. In addition, I also find that diversity is most important for the BoD, while for the BoC it is the opposite.
Novelty – This study is different from previous research. This study examines the factors of board diversity as a whole and focuses on board diversity as a whole. Therefore, this research will better reflect the actual conditions.
Originality – This is the first paper to study the relationship between board diversity and bank performance in three conditions. It is also the first to compare the effects of diversity on Islamic banks with their conventional counterparts.
Comparison of the Efficiency of Ultrafiltration, Precipitation, and Ultracentrifugation Methods for Exosome Isolation
Authors: Ansari Farshid Jaberi , Tafti Hossein Ahmadi , Amanzadeh Amir , Rabbani Shahram , Shokrgozar Mohammad Ali , Ayati Aryan , Heidari Reza , Behroozi Javad , Uversky Vladimir N. , Ghanbari Hossein
Published: August 2023

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are enclosed by a lipid-bilayer membrane and secreted by all types of the cells under various physiological conditions. EVs play important roles in intercellular communication and crosstalk between tissues in the body. They are classified into three groups, such as apoptotic bodies, microvesicles, and exosomes. Exosomes were isolated from biofluids including blood, urine, milk, and cell culture media. Exosomes have significant potential for drug delivery and diagnosis. However, the method of isolation affects the physical and biological properties of exosomes. Several methods based on different principles have been developed for exosome isolation. These include ultrafiltration, precipitation, ultracentrifugation, size-exclusion chromatography, and microfluidics. In this study, we applied three common methods, such as ultrafiltration, precipitation, and ultracentrifugation, to isolate exosomes from the cell culture medium and investigated the effects of these different isolation methods on the size distribution and quality of the isolated exosomes. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images, size distribution, total protein content, and the effect of exosomes on the viability of hypoxic cells were analyzed in this study. The analysis revealed that compared to other methods, the ultracentrifugation method can isolate exosomes with smaller diameter (ranging from 20 to 80 nm), lower total protein content (50 µg/ml), and causing the increased viability of the hypoxic cells. The precipitation method does not require special equipment and is inexpensive, if the quality and purity of this method are solved, and it can be used as the best method for exosome isolation. This study can serve as a guide for choosing the best exosome isolation method for applications in medicine according to the needs, time, cost, and equipment.
The Impact of Digital Transformation on Enterprise Performance: An Empirical Analysis Based on China's Manufacturing Export Enterprises
Authors: Wang Qingnian , Wang Yunpei , Wang Tao
Published: August 2023

At present, countries around the world adopt digital strategy, so that enterprises apply digital technology, digital supply chain, blockchain, and a series of digital measures to enhance their competitiveness. By analyzing the relationship between digital transformation of manufacturing export enterprises, and their business performance and export performance, this paper focused on the current situation and existing problems of digital transformation of manufacturing export enterprises in China. Based on the Resource Based View theory and Trade theory, the impact of digital transformation of enterprises performance, proposing hypotheses, and building regression models were explored. With the samples of 1007 listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock markets from 2012 to 2019, the regression analysis, intermediate effect test, robustness test, stage lag, and heterogeneity analysis were conducted. The results shew that: (1) Listed manufacturing export enterprises carried out digital transformation, which had a significantly positive effect on enterprise performance; (2) It was found that digital transformation could improve enterprise performance by reducing costs, improving R&D intensity and improving human resources etc. (3) According to the fractal analysis, non-state-owned enterprises had more positive effects on enterprise performance, and digital transformation of manufacturing export enterprises in developed areas had a more significant impact on enterprise performance. Finally, according to the empirical results, relevant suggestions for digital transformation were provided.
Metagenomic Direct Diagnosis of Polymicrobial Community-Acquired Meningoencephalitis in Niger: A Case Report
Authors: Yacouba Abdourahamane , Garba Moumouni , Marou Soumana Boubacar , Moussa Saley Sahada , Samaila Aboubacar , Ousmane Abdoulaye , Olowo-okere Ahmed , Brah Souleymane , Daou Mamane , Doutchi Mahamadou , Adehossi Eric , Mamadou Saidou , Morsli Madjid
Published: August 2023

Current routine diagnosis of a life-threatening central nervous system (CNS) infections is based on commercial multiplex real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and in-vitro culture investigations, targeting a limited number of pathogens, which requires implementation of a universal diagnosis at the point-of-care laboratory. This study aimed to document a case of non-routinely diagnosed meningoencephalitis in a twelve-year-old patient in Niger Republic. Metagenomic-based on real-time sequencing was applied directly on DNA/RNA extracted from 50 µL leftover CSF sample using Oxford Nanopore MinION, to detect all residual microorganisms non-routinely targeted by RT-PCR panel. In parallel, 1 ng DNA/RNA was used for paired-end Illumina library preparation to confirm the MinION results. Real-time analysis of MinION data detected 132 WU Polyomavirus specific reads after one-hour run. Blast nucleotide of the fasta sequences after assembly of both Illumina and Nanopore reads against NCBI GenBank database identified WU polyomavirus strain W33 (GenBank accession no: GU296367.1). Haemophilus influenzae specific reads (667 reads) were detected which explains the possible co-infection bacteria-DNA virus in this case. Blastn after total reads assembly identified H. influenzae strain PittGG (GenBank accession n° CP000672), belonging to the non-typable H. influenzae genotype by muti-locus-sequence-typing analysis. Furthermore, Achromobacter xylosoxidans (599 reads) were detected in this patient. Based on these findings, we classified this case as polymicrobial meningoencephalitis. Using RT-mNGS, the pathogen genome could be detected directly from a clinical sample, with no specific target. This technique seems to be an adapted method to diagnose non-routinely detectable pathogens, as well as their genotype and antimicrobial susceptibility in reduced time.
Laparoscopic Swenson Procedure for Diffuse Cavernous Hemangioma of Rectum in Children: A Case Report
Authors: CHEN SAI , CHEN QING JIANG , GAO ZHI GANG
Published: August 2023

Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum (DCHR) is a rare benign lesion of vascular malformation. According to previous studies, the most reported major symptoms of DCHR are recurrent painless rectal bleeding or iron deficiency anemia[1][2][3][4][5][6]. We present a case of an 8Y11M boy who was diagnosed with DCHR by MRI. The patient underwent Laparoscopic-assisted transanal distal sigmoidectomy and sigmoido-anal anastomosis（Laparoscopic Swenson Procedure）, and recovered well. After the operation, the child had short-term fecal incontinence and loose stools, which returned to normal after half a year. Regardless of age and symptoms, early and correct diagnosis and treatment of DCHR and postoperative restoration of normal anal function are necessary. Laparoscopic Swenson procedure may be a good option for the treatment of DCHR.
Effects of Service Quality and Service Convenience on Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty in Self-Service Fitness Centers: Differences Between Staffed and Unstaffed Services
Authors: Sun Shan , Pan Younghwan
Published: August 2023

As an emerging model, self-service fitness centers are reshaping the consumer fitness experience globally. Given the crucial role of customer loyalty in the sustainable operation and management of fitness service enterprises, this study constructs a structural model incorporating service quality, service convenience, customer satisfaction, word-of-mouth intentions, and repatronage intentions. The model is designed to elucidate the factors and mechanisms impacting customer loyalty at self-service fitness centers and further investigates how these relationships are affected by service methods, either with staff or without staff. The study employs PLS-SEM to empirically analyze 552 customer questionnaires from four self-service fitness centers in first-tier cities in China. The results reveal positive correlations among the constructs in the structural model, emphasizing the important position of raising service quality standards and reducing the time and effort expended by customers in the management of customer loyalty. Concurrently, service convenience was found to play a significant driving role in customers' perceived service quality. Through the chain-mediating effect of service quality and customer satisfaction, service convenience exerts a considerable positive impact on word-of-mouth intentions and repatronage intentions. Moreover, the study reveals significant differences in these relationships when considering service methods, either with staff or without staff.
MicroRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Tsuji Kenji , Nakanoh Hiroyuki , Fukushima Kazuhiko , Kitamura Shinji , Wada Jun
Published: August 2023

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical syndrome where a rapid decrease in kidney function and/or urine output is observed, which may result in the imbalance of water, electrolyte and acid base, and is associated with poor prognosis and prolonged hospitalization. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment to avoid the severe AKI stage is important. While several biomarkers, such as urinary L-FABP and NGAL, can be clinically useful, there is still no gold standard for early detection of AKI and there are limited therapeutic options against AKI. miRNAs are non-coding and single-stranded RNAs that silence their target genes in the post-transcriptional process and are involved in a wide range of biological processes. Recent accumulated evidence has revealed that miRNAs may be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AKI. In this review article, we summarize the current knowledge about miRNAs as promising biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for AKI, as well as the challenges in their clinical use.
Alexithymia, Burnout and Hopelessness in a Large Sample of Healthcare Workers during the Third Wave of COVID-19 in Italy
Authors: De Berardis Domenico , Ceci Anna , Zenobi Emanuela , Rapacchietta Dosolina , Pisanello Manuela , Bozzi Filippo , Ginaldi Lia , Marasco Viviana , Brucchi Maurizio , Graffigna Guendalina , Santambrogio Jacopo , Ventriglio Antonio , Mazza Marianna , Muttillo Giovanni
Published: August 2023

In the present study, we aimed to assess the prevalence and the relationships between alexithymia, burnout and hopelessness in a large sample of healthcare workers (HCWs) during the third wave of Covid-19 in Italy. Alexithymia was evaluated by the Italian version of the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), hopelessness was measured using the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and irritability (IRR), depression (DEP) and anxiety (ANX) were evaluated with the Italian version of Irritability‚ Depression‚ Anxiety Scale (IDA). This cross-sectional study recruited a sample of 1445 HCWs from a large urban healthcare facility in Italy from 1 June—31 May 2021. Comparison between individuals positive (n=214, 14.8%) or not for alexithymia (n=1231, 85.2%) controlling for age, gender and working seniority revealed that positive subjects showed higher scores on BHS, MBI, IRR, DEP and ANX than not positive ones (p<0.001). In the linear regression model, higher working seniority and higher MBI, DEP, ANX and TAS-20 scores were associated with higher hopelessness. In conclusion, increased hopelessness was associated with higher burnout and alexithymia. Comprehensive strategies should be implemented to support HCWs mental health and mitigate the negative consequences of alexithymia, burnout, and hopelessness
Carbon Ions for Hypoxic Tumors: Are We Taking the Most of It?
Authors: Sokol Olga , Durante Marco
Published: August 2023

Hypoxia, associated with abnormal vessel growth, is a characteristic feature of many solid tumors that increases their metastatic potential and resistance to radiotherapy. Carbon ion radiation therapy, alone or in combination with other treatments, is one of the most promising treatments for hypoxic tumors because the oxygen enhancement ratio decreases with increasing particle LET. Nevertheless, the current clinical practice does not yet fully benefit from using carbon ions for tackling hypoxia. Here we give an overview of the existing experimental and clinical evidence supporting the efficacy of C-ion radiotherapy in overcoming hypoxia-induced radioresistance, followed by a discussion of the strategies proposed to enhance it, including different approaches to maximize the LET in the tumors.
On the Natural Intelligence and Consciousness of the Immune System and Its Relationship with the Brain
Authors: Ruggiero Marco
Published: August 2023

In this article, I consider the relationship between the brain and the immune system in the context of the Orch OR (Orchestrated Objective Reduction) theory of consciousness. Orch OR is a theory that postulates that consciousness arises from quantum computations occurring inside microtubules. The immune system is capable of acquiring, learning, and remembering information, thus showing all the attributes of natural intelligence. I argue that the immune system also has the attribute of consciousness and that it can gain access to an amount of information greater than what is accessible to the brain since it is not constrained by brain's reducing valve that is responsible for cognitive bottlenecks. I also describe the role of meditation and religious chanting in affecting the brain and the immune system. I speculate that some effects of religious chanting on the immune system may not be mediated by the brain. Finally, I examine the role of the immune system in connecting with the consciousness embedded in the universe.
A Survey of Numerical Simulation Tools for Offshore Wind Turbines
Authors: Fadaei Saeid , Afagh Fred F. , Langlois Robert G.
Published: August 2023

Design, analysis, manufacture, and deployment of offshore wind turbines mounted on a floating base is a novel industry that is attracting interest from both academia and industry. In an effort to comprehend the sophisticated aerodynamics and hydrodynamics of the floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs), numerical and physical modelling of these complex systems began to develop with their appearance. The strong coupling between the aerodynamics of the rotor-nacelle assembly (RNA) and the hydrodynamics of the floating platform makes modelling FOWTs a challenging task. However, the scaling mismatch between Froude scaling and Reynolds scaling made it more difficult to physically test scaled-down prototypes of FOWTs, whether in a wind tunnel or an ocean basin. In this regard, developing high-fidelity numerical modelling that is both cost-effective and accurate has been receiving increased attention as a potential replacement for or complement to physical testing. However, numerical engineering tools, which are frequently used in the offshore oil and gas industry, are known as mid-fidelity to low-fidelity tools and lack the degree of accuracy that is desirable for FOWTs. In recent years, a variety of numerical tools have been established or developed to uncover the complex nature of the dynamics of FOWTs. This study aims to provide a comprehensive survey of numerical tools available for simulating FOWTs, assessing their capabilities and limitations.
A Novel NOX Inhibitor Alleviates Parkinson’s Disease Pathology in PFF-Injected Mice
Authors: Ofori Kwadwo , Ghosh Anurupa , Verma Dinesh Kumar , Wheeler Darice , Cabrera Gabriela N , Seo Jong-Bok , Kim Yong-Hwan
Published: August 2023

Oxidative stress-mediated damage is often a downstream result of Parkinson’s disease (PD), which is marked by sharp decline in dopaminergic neurons within the nigrostriatal regions of the brain, accounting for the symptomatic motor deficits in patients. Regulating the level of oxidative stress may present a beneficial approach in preventing PD pathology. Here, we assessed the efficacy of a nicotinamide adenine phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX) inhibitor, an exogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulator synthesized by Aptabio therapeutics with the specificity to NOX-1, 2, and 4. Utilizing N27 rat dopaminergic cells and C57Bl/6 mice, we confirmed that the exposures of alpha-synuclein preformed fibrils (PFF) induced protein aggregation, a hallmark in PD pathology. In vitro assessment of the novel compound revealed an increase in cell viability and decreases in cytotoxicity, ROS, and protein aggregation (Thioflavin-T stain) against PFF exposure at the optimal concentration of 10nM. Concomitantly, the oral treatment alleviated motor deficits in behavioral tests, such as hindlimb clasping, rotarod, pole, nesting, and grooming test, via reducing protein aggregation, based on rescued dopaminergic neuronal loss. The suppression of NOX-1, 2, and 4 within the striatum and ventral midbrain regions including SNc contributed to neuroprotective/recovery effects, making it a potential therapeutic option for PD.
Oral Iron Absorption of Ferric Citrate Hydrate and Hepcidin-25 in Hemodialysis Patients: A Prospective, Multicenter, Observational Riona-Oral Iron Absorption Trial
Authors: Tomosugi Naohisa , Koshino Yoshitaka , Ogawa Chie , Maeda Kunimi , Shimada Noriaki , Tomita Kimio , Daimon Shoichiro , Shikano Tsutomu , Ryu Kazuyuki , Takatani Toru , Sakamoto Kazuya , Ueyama Satonori , Nagasaku Daisuke , Nakamura Masato , Ra Shibun , Nishimura Masataka , Takagi Chieko , Ishii Yoji , Kudo Noritoshi , Takechi Shinsuke , Ishizu Takashi , Yanagawa Takamoto , Fukuda Masamichi , Nitta Yutaka , Yamaoka Takayuki , Saito Taku , Imayoshi Suzuko , Omata Momoyo , Oshima Joji , Onozaki Akira , Ichihashi Hiroaki , Matsushima Yasuhisa , Takae Hisahito , Nakazawa Ryoichi , Ikeda Koichi , Tsuboi Masato , Konishi Keiko , Kato Shouzaburo , Ooura Maki , Koyama Masaki , Naganuma Tsukasa , Ogi Makoto , Katayama Shigeyuki , Okumura Toshiaki , Kameda Shigemi , Shirai Sayuri
Published: August 2023

Oral ferric citrate hydrate (FCH) is effective for iron deficiency in hemodialysis patients.; however, it remains unclear how iron balance in the body affects iron absorption from the intestinal tract. This prospective, observational study (Riona-Oral Iron Absorption Trial, R-OIAT, UMIN 000031406), conducted at 42 hemodialysis centers in Japan, wherein 268 hemodialysis patients without inflammation were enrolled and treated with a fixed amount of FCH for 6 months. We assessed the predictive value of hepcidin-25 for iron absorption and iron shift between ferritin (FTN) and red blood cells (RBCs) following FCH therapy. Serum iron changes at 2 h (ΔFe2h) after FCH ingestion were evaluated as iron absorption. The primary outcome was the quantitative delineation of iron variables on ΔFe2h and the secondary outcome was the description of the predictors of body iron balance. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to identify the determinants of iron absorption during each phase of FCH treatment. ΔFe2h increased when hepcidin-25 and MCH decreased (-0.155, -0.242 to -0.068, p = 0.001; -2.574, -4.421 to -0.726, p = 0.006, respectively) in GEE. Hepcidin-25 increased when erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) decreased (-0.002, -0.002 to -0.001, p=0.000). FTN increased when RBC and ESA decreased (-0.466, -0.605 to -0.327, p=0.000; -0.002, -0.004 to -0.000, p=0.05, respectively. Limiting erythropoiesis to maintain hemoglobin levels induces RBC reduction in hemodialysis patients, resulting in increased hepcidin-25 and FTN levels. Hepcidin-25 production may prompt an iron shift from RBC-iron to FTN-iron, inhibiting iron absorption even with continued FCH intake.
Mapping a Model for Collaboration of Health Care Facilities, Diagnostic Laboratories, and Research Institutions: Management of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Rural Eastern Cape
Authors: FAYE LINDIWE MODEST , Bokop Carine , Vasaikar Sandeep , Apalata Teke , Dlatu Ntandazo
Published: August 2023

Infectious illnesses have always posed a threat to human health, with tuberculosis being a major concern. The use of various medications and antibiotics in the fight against such TB has led to the emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis, which has become increasingly difficult to manage. While there have been a few studies and proposed conceptual models on how to manage and prevent various drug-resistant TB mutations and lineages, a model aimed at limiting and con-trolling such mutations in rural areas burdened with tuberculosis is lacking. This study seeks to map a model that is to be used to bridge the gap by facilitating the exchange of knowledge among healthcare professionals in healthcare facilities, diagnostic laboratories, and research institutes, particularly for underprivileged communities in the Eastern Cape. The model will also serve as a guide to monitor and evaluate epidemiological TB management plans.
Older Adults and Fall-Inducing Frailty: Bourdieu’s Analysis of Field Narratives
Authors: Xavier Laudicéia Noronha , Nascimento Vânia Barbosa do
Published: August 2023

The second external cause of death from unintentional injuries is falls in people over 60, a worldwide public health problem. Associated factors are identified early in Primary Health Care. Thus, we analyze professional narratives about older adults/old age and the organization of services in the presence of fall-inducing frailty. A structured narrative was applied under the following stages: understanding the context; setting/plot/character analysis; and interpretive synthesis. Data were collected from August to November 2022, distributing 21 health professionals in three Narrative Focus Groups. In the analyses, the collective conceptions dialogued with Bourdieu’s Epistemology of field, habitus, and capital. Among the results, technical and common sense representations of older adults were simultaneously observed, along with the belief of old age as a problematic life stage. Care is centered on the installed disease/ailment. Encouraging autonomy and self-care emerges in integrative health practices, which older adults underestimate. Professionals access the lives of older adults according to their habitus, which, in turn, is structured (structuring) in the disputes for installed capital. Thus, the care provided disregards subjectivities and symbolic systems associated with falls.
An Automated Method for Extracting and Analyzing Railway Infrastructure Cost Data
Authors: Dopazo Daniel Adanza , Mahdjoubi Lamine , Gething Bill
Published: August 2023

The capability of extracting information and analyze it into a common format is essential for performing predictions, comparing projects through cost benchmarking, and for having a deeper understanding of the project costs. However, the lack of standardization and the manual inclusion of the data makes this process very time-consuming, unreliable, and inefficient. To tackle this problem, a novel approach with a big impact is presented combining the benefits of data mining, statistics, and machine learning to extract and analyze the information related to railway costs infrastructure data. To validate the suggested approach, data from 23 real historical projects from the client network rail was extracted, allowing their costs to be comparable. Finally, some machine learning and data analytics methods were implemented to identify the most relevant factors allowing for costs benchmarking. The presented method proves the benefits of data extraction being able to gather, analyze and benchmark each project in an efficient manner, and deeply understand the relationships and the relevant factors that matter in infrastructure costs.
ETIOLOGIES OF INFECTIONS IN DIABETIC PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED AT BOUAKE UNIVERTY TEACHING HOSPITAL, CÔTE D’IVOIRE
Authors: Djakaridja KONE , Famoussa KONE , Martine Tatiana YAPO , Juliette KADIANE-OUSSOU , Salifou KONE , Jean-Marie KARIDIOULA , Gille Renaud KOUAME , Jean Kevin ACHO , Ouffoué KRA , Bourheima OUATTARA
Published: August 2023

Background: Diabetic infections are frequent and the etiologies are multiple. The present study aims to identify the etiologies of the infections of the diabetic patient hospitalized in the University Teaching Hospital of Bouake in Côte d’Ivoire. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in the Internal Medicine Department from January 2019 to December 2020. The study population consisted of hospitalized and infected diabetic patients. Of this study population we included in the study 136 patients. Data analysis was done with Epi Info 7.2.3.1 software. Results: The prevalence of infection in hospitalized diabetics was 75.1%. The mean age of the patients was 52 ± 13.4 years. The sex ratio was 0.7. Diabetes was incidentally discovered in 50% and type 2 diabetes (88.2%) predominated. The reasons for hospitalization were dominated by ketoacidosis (58.1%), glycemic imbalance (19.1%) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemia syndrome (10.3%). Fever was present in 41.2% of cases. The infectious foci were urinary tract infections (29.4%), pneumopathies (28.7%), malaria (21.3%), skin infections (13.2%) and the undetermined focus (7.3%). The infectious focus was unique in 90.4%. The germs identified were plasmodium (21.3%), Escherichia coli(8.8%), staphylococcus (8.3%), yeasts (8.3%) and Enterobacter (6.7%). Beta-lactams (75.6%) were the most prescribed anti-infective treatment. Mortality was 14.7% related to type 1 diabetes (p=0.001), duration of diabetes greater than 5 years (p=0.005), hospitalization latency greater than 7 days (p=0.001), mucocutaneous focus (p=0.005) and Undetermined foci (p=0.001). Conclusion: Diabetic infections are frequent and the etiologies are varied. They must be systematically sought in hospitalized diabetics.
Debridement-Reconstruction-Docking Management System Versus Ilizarov Technique for Lower-Extremity Osteomyelitis
Authors: Ren Zun , Cai Weijie , Lu Yuxiang , Lu Yu , Wu Heng , Cheng Pengfei , Xu Zhengyu , Han Pei
Published: August 2023

Background:

Osteomyelitis causes marked disability and is one of the most challenging diseases for orthopaedists to treat because of the considerable rate of infection recurrence. In this study, we proposed and assessed the debridement-reconstruction-docking (DRD) system for the treatment of lower-extremity osteomyelitis. This procedure comprises 3 surgical stages and 2 preoperative assessments; namely, pre-debridement assessment, debridement, pre-reconstruction assessment, reconstruction, and docking-site management. We evaluated the use of the DRD system compared with the Ilizarov technique, which is defined as a 1-stage debridement, osteotomy, and bone transport.

Methods:

This retrospective cohort included 289 patients who underwent either DRD or the Ilizarov technique for the treatment of lower-extremity osteomyelitis at a single institution between January 2013 and February 2021 and who met the eligibility criteria. The primary outcome was the rate of infection recurrence. Secondary outcomes included the external fixator index (EFI), refracture rate, and the Paley classification for osseous and functional results. An inverse-probability-weighted regression adjustment model was utilized to estimate the effect of the DRD system and Ilizarov technique on the treatment of lower-extremity osteomyelitis.

Results:

A total of 131 and 158 patients underwent DRD or the Ilizarov technique, respectively. The inverse-probability-weighted regression adjustment model suggested that DRD was associated with a significant reduction in infection recurrence (risk ratio [RR], 0.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13 to 0.50; p < 0.001) and EFI (−6.9 days/cm, 95% CI; −8.3 to −5.5; p < 0.001). Patients in the DRD group had better Paley functional results than those in the Ilizarov group (ridit score, 0.55 versus 0.45; p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in the rate of refracture (RR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.42 to 1.79; p = 0.71) and Paley osseous results (ridit score, 0.51 versus 0.49; p = 0.39).

Conclusions:

In this balanced retrospective cohort of patients with lower-extremity osteomyelitis, the use of the DRD system was associated with a reduced rate of infection recurrence, a lower EFI, and better Paley functional results compared with the use of the Ilizarov technique.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
FACETAS ESTÉTICAS E LENTES DE CONTATO: ASPECTOS ÉTICOS E LEGAIS A PARTIR DA ANÁLISE DE REDES SOCIAIS
Authors: Souza Silva Bruna , Fernandes Rodrigues Caroline , Martorell Leandro Brambilla , Machado do Prado Mauro
Published: August 2023

A crescente busca pelo fator estético por meio de procedimentos odontológicos, junto ao impacto das redes sociais na atuação do profissional e no processo de tomada de decisão do paciente, provoca questionamentos sobre a conduta ética e legal do cirurgião-dentista. Dessa maneira, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os aspectos éticos e legais relacionados à conduta profissional na abordagem e proposta de tratamento odontológico com facetas estéticas e lentes de contato dental divulgados por meio da ferramenta digital YouTube®. O estudo foi realizado em duas etapas: a primeira, a partir da análise de 10 vídeos de relatos de caso de pacientes que realizaram tratamento com facetas estéticas e lentes de contato dental, e, na segunda etapa, foram analisados 10 vídeos com o tema relacionado à apresentação que os cirurgiões-dentistas (CD) fazem sobre os tratamentos estéticos. Em estudo quantitativo-qualitativo, procedeu-se a análise das percepções do profissional (que oferta serviços) e do paciente (consumidor), confrontadas em seu conteúdo, tendo como referência aspectos éticos e legais vigentes. Como resultado, tem-se que nos vídeos de CD, 3 (30%) não abordam limitações e riscos, e nenhum trata sobre Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE) e contrato. Apesar disto, nos vídeos de pacientes foram observadas poucas reclamações sobre as informações prestadas (10%) e nenhuma menção a processos. Logo, percebe-se, a partir deste estudo, que, os vídeos analisados frequentemente ferem normas éticas e legais da categoria profissional, sendo de realização arriscada, ainda que aparentemente os pacientes não estejam queixando-se de prática abusiva, os conselhos profissionais podem agir de ofício e instaurar processos éticos contra os profissionais
AVALIAÇÃO TOMOGRÁFICA DE QUATRO MEDIDAS LINEARES CRANIANAS PARA A ESTIMATIVA DO SEXO
Authors: Lazarini Marques Flávia , De Lima Gomes Stefany , Barbieri Ana Amélia , Queiroz de Freitas França Deborah , Sarmento Pereira Neto João , Francesquini Júnior Luiz
Published: August 2023

Introdução: O processo de identificação humana passa pela análise para estimativas de características antropológicas do indivíduo como sexo, idade, estatura e ancestralidade. As tomografias computadorizadas (TCs) tem sido amplamente utilizadas para fins diagnóstico sendo que as reproduções de imagens são fidedignas em relação ao crânio estudado e isto permite avaliações quantitativas quanto a estimativas antropométricas. Objetivo: Avaliar quatro medidas lineares cranianas em TCs buscando verificar a presença de dimorfismo sexual: Parede externa do forame jugular do lado direito (PEFJLD) a parede externa do forame jugular do lado esquerdo (PEFJLE); Parede externa do forame jugular  do lado direito (PEFJLD) a espinha nasal anterior (ENA); Parede externa do forame jugular do lado esquerdo (PEFJLE) a espinha nasal anterior (ENA); Parede externa do forame redondo do lado direito (PEFRLD) a parede externa do forame redondo do lado esquerdo (PEFRLE). Pretendeu-se ainda a construção de um modelo de regressão logística para estimativa do sexo. Metodologia: A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo CEP/FOP/UNICAMP CAAE 54171916.0.0000.5418 e utilizou 200 TCs do Biobanco osteológico e tomográfico, todas com sexo, idade, ancestralidade e causa da morte conhecidas. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a análise pelos Testes de Shapiro-Wilke e Levene para analisar respectivamente a distribuição e a igualdade de variâncias (homocedasticidade) das variáveis em estudo. Também foram realizados os testes t não pareado e o de Pearson e uma regressão logística (Hachward Stepwire-wald, teste de Homer & Lemeshow e Nagelkerke).  Resultados e Conclusão: As quatro medidas avaliadas apresentaram-se dimórficas e as medidas PEFJD-PEFJE e PEFJD-ENA apresentaram-se como melhores variáveis para a construção de um modelo matemático de regressão logística para estimar o sexo, com acurácia de 55,3% na determinação do sexo feminino, 75,2% no sexo masculino e acurácia geral de 66,8%.
How cool is that? The effects of menthol mouth rinsing on exercise capacity and performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gavel Erica H. , Barreto Gabriel , Hawke Kierstyn V. , Stellingwerff Trent , James Lewis J. , Saunders Bryan , Logan-Sprenger Heather M.
Published: August 2023

Background: Menthol (MEN) mouth rinsing (MR) has gained considerable interest in the athletic population for exercise performance; however, the overall magnitude of effect is unknown.
Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy of menthol MEN MR and the impact it has on exercise capacity and performance.
Methods: Three databases were searched with articles screened according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Three-level meta-analyses were used to investigate the overall efficacy of MEN MR and the impact it has on exercise capacity and performance. Meta-regressions were then performed with 1) mean VO2peak, 2) MEN swilling duration; 3) the MEN concentration of MR solution, 4) the number of executed swills throughout a single experiment, 5) the use of flavoured sweetened, non-caloric, or non-flavoured neutral solutions as controls, 6) mean environmental temperature at the time of exercise tests, and 7) exercise type as fixed factors to evaluate their influence on the effects of MEN MR.
Results: Ten MEN MR studies included sufficient information pertaining to MEN MR and exercise performance and capacity. MR with MEN resulted in no significant change in capacity and performance (SMD = 0.12; 95% CI: -0.08, 0.31; p = 0.23, n = 1, tau²1 < 0.0001, tau²2 = < 0.0001, I² = 0%). No significant influence was detected in meta-regressions for VO2peak, (estimate: 0.03; df = 8; 95% CI: -0.03, 0.09; p = 0.27), swilling duration (5 vs. 10s: 0.00; df = 16; 95% CI: -0.41, 0.41; p = 1.0), MEN concentration (low [0.01%] vs. high [0.1%]: -0.08; df = 15; 95% CI: -0.49, 0.32; p = 0.67), number of swills (estimate: 0.02; df = 13; 95% CI: -0.05, 0.09; p = 0.56), the use of flavoured sweetener or non-caloric as control (non-flavoured vs. flavoured: 0.12; df = 16; 95% CI: -0.30, 0.55; p = 0.55) or mean room temperature during exercise tests (estimate: 0.01; df = 16; 95% CI: -0.02, 0.04; p = 0.62).
Conclusion: MEN MR did not significantly improve overall exercise capacity and performance, though those involved in endurance exercise may see benefits.
MIMO channel modeling and Cell size optimization for 5G dense urban macro cell environment
Authors: Tripathi Animesh , Tiwari Pradeep Kumar , Prakash Shiv , Shukla N. K.
Published: August 2023

The frequency spectrum is integral part of the 5G communication which facilitate different user requirements. As a result of the surge in data consumption, 5G capacity in developed areas might theoretically run out by 2023. As a result, 5G Millimeter Wave (mm-Wave) would become a vital resource for the continuous provision of upgraded mobile broadband services. In the present manuscript, the heuristic optimization technique along with SVD signal processing technique are applied to optimize the cell size and channel modeling for handling the large number of signals evaluated in MATLAB. The results demonstrate that the proposed technique improves the performance. Further the proposed work is in depicts decrease in interference and increase of signal strength for urban as well as rural scenarios; it found that proposed model is as par the state of arts.