bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Haematological and behavioral response of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) (Burchell, 1822) exposed to sub-lethal concentration of xylene
Authors: Davies Ibienebo Chris  , Erondu Ebere Samuel  , Akoko Sokiprim
Published: May 2022

The study was carried out to examine the haematological and behavioral response of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed to sub-lethal concentrations (0.0 ml/L (as control), 12.8 ml/ L, 25.59 ml/L, 38.39 ml/L, 51.19 ml/L, and 63.99 ml/L) of xylene using a renewable assay for 28 days. A total of one hundred and twenty (120) healthy Clarias gariepinus with a mean length of 15.20±2.3 cm and mean weight of 10.23±2.60 g was used for the experiment. Some physicochemical parameters such as temperature, conductivity, hydrogen ion concentration (pH), total hardness and total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, total alkalinity, ammonia and nitrate were monitored using standard procedures. These parameters were significantly different (P<0.05) across the concentration gradients with time. behavioral changes observed in C. gariepinus exposed to the different concentrations of xylene compared to the control includes increased erratic swimming, hyperactivity, decreased equilibrium status, increased jerky movement and decreased fin movement. There were significant dissimilarities (P<0.05) observed in haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, red blood cell counts, white blood cell and blood platelets of the Clarias gariepinus species on exposure to the toxicant from the control except for mean corpuscular volume and haemoglobin concentration PCV (24.5±0.33 to 20.8±0.06); HB (6.9±0.58 to 8.2±1.03); RBC (3.5±0.08 to 3.9±0.16); WBE (6.9±0.05 to 10.1±0.04); Platelet (168±1.45 to 214±0.05); MCHC (30.5±0.07 to 32.5±0.01); MCH (20.5±0.01 to 20.4±0.01) and MCV (59±0.07 to 62±0.02) respectively. In conclusion, xylene caused negative changes in the haematological indices and the behavioural pattern of C. garienpinus. Hence the need to focus efforts on ensuring a decrease in the discharge of xylene to water bodies.
Implementation of Buerger Allen exercise in patients with diabetes mellitus type II to improve lower extremity circulation
Authors: Nuniek Tri Wahyuni  , Lin Herlina  , R. Nur Abdurakhman  , Abas Hidayat  , Cecep Supriyadi
Published: May 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a complex, chronic disease that requires continuous medical care with multifactorial, risk-reducing strategies beyond glycemic control. This study aimed to determine the effect of Buerder Allen Exercise on the circulation of the lower extremities in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. This research used Quasi-Experimental Design with a Pretest-Posttest approach with an experiment and control group. Research place in Kuningan, West Java, Indonesia. Respondents in this study were patients with diabetes mellitus totaling 42 respondents, which were divided into 21 intervention (experimental) groups and 21 control groups. Sampling using purposive sampling. The instruments used were Vascular Doppler and sphygmomanometer. Bivariate data analysis used is the Wilcoxon test. The results showed that the average pretest and post-test ABI values in the intervention group were 0.00 and 11.00, while in the control group, the averages were 11.00 and 0.00. Based on the results of the Wilcoxon test, a p-value of 0.000 (α 0.05) means that there is an effect of Buerder Allen exercise on the circulation of the lower extremities in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Buerder Allen exercise positively impacts the circulation of the lower extremities in patients with diabetes mellitus.
The film properties that obtained in the atmospheric pressure plasma from aniline
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev, Danilaev М. P. , Vakhitov I. R. ,   Kazan Federal University,   Institute of Physics, Center for Quantum Technology, Drobushev S. V. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev, Lounev I. V. ,   Kazan Federal University, Kamaliev B. Z. ,   Kazan Federal University, Karandashov S. А. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev, Kuklin V. А. ,   Kazan Federal University,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev, Pudovkin М. S. ,   Kazan Federal University
Published: May 2022

The polyaniline (PANI) films filled by carbon particles can demonstrate the conductivity increasing. The carbon particles uniform distribution in the PANI films can be received by their contemporaneously formation in the atmospheric pressure plasma. The films properties produced from aniline contemporaneously with carbon particles in the atmospheric pressure plasma are considered in that paper. The energy density threshold (~ 30 mJ/m) of gas discharge starting from which it is possible to obtain a continuous film filled with agglomerates of carbon particles was defined. It was showing that the such films has the amorphous morphology. It was defined that the carbon particles agglomerates in the PANI films. The carbon particles agglomerates concentration in the PANI films is about ~(4 – 7)·104 1/cm2 and slowly depends on the energy density. So the conductivity of that films cant be increasing by this particles. It was shown that the films moisture saturation is the main reason of them conductivity increasing. It was shown that the films creep are decreases and the hardness increases when the gas discharge energy density increases. Its because the crosslinks number is growth in the samples. The molecular weight of PANI films is low, so the Martens hardness value has low-level.
Study of high-speed sintering of fine-grained hard alloys based on tungsten carbide with ultra-low cobalt content. II. Hard alloys WC – (0.3 – 1) wt. % Co
Authors:   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Lantsev Е. А. , Malekhonova N. V. ,   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Chuvil’deev V. N. ,   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nokhrin А. V. ,   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Tsvetkov Yu. V. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS, Blagoveshchenskiy Yu. V. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS, Boldin M. S. ,   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Andreev P. V. ,   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Smetanina K. E. ,   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Isaeva N. V. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS
Published: May 2022

The features of spark plasma sintering (SPS) of plasma-chemical nanopowders WC – (0.3, 0.6, 1) wt.% Co were studied. The SPS process of ultralow-cobalt hard alloys can be sequentially represented as a change of the following stages: rearrangement of particles at lower temperatures (Stage I) → sintering of WC – Co particles due to Coble diffusion creep of cobalt, the intensity of which is determined by the grain boundary diffusion rate (Stage II ) → sintering due to diffusion creep, the rate of which is limited by the bulk diffusion in cobalt (Stage III-1) → sintering of tungsten carbide particles along the intergranular boundaries of WC/WC under conditions of intensive grain growth (Stage III-2). Samples with a high density (96.4 – 98.4 %) and high mechanical properties were obtained (for the WC – 0.3 % Co hard alloy: Hv ~ 20.5 GPa, K1C = 7.1 MPa·m1/2).
The effect of photonic processing on increasing the thermoelectric Q-factor of a solid solution Bi2Te3 – Bi2Se3
Authors:   Voronezh State Technical University, Belonogov Е. K. , Kuschev S. B. ,   Voronezh State Technical University, Sumets М. P. ,   Voronezh State University, Serikov D. V. ,   Voronezh State Technical University, Grebennikov А. А. ,   Basic scientific-educational center “Physics and technology of thermoelectrical phenomena”,  Voronezh State Technical University, Dybov V. А. ,   Voronezh State Technical University, Kostyuchenko А. V. ,   Voronezh State Technical University, Turaeva Т. L. ,   Voronezh State Technical University
Published: May 2022

In the present work, the phase compositions, morphology, structure, and thermal conductivity of Bi2Te3 – хSeх-based semiconductor wafers before and after the photon treatment (PT) were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and laser flash methods. The semiconductor plates 10 × 10 × 2 mm in size were prepared by electric discharge cutting from the briquettes, synthesized by hot pressing of Bi2Te3 – хSeх powder. Then, the plates were annealed at 570 K in an argon atmosphere for 24 h. The PT was carried out in an Ar atmosphere by irradiation of gas-discharge xenon lamps with pulses of 1.0 and 1.4 s and energy density ranging from 125 to 175 J/cm2. As revealed, the PT initiates the formation of a thin surface layer with an inhomogeneous nanocrystalline structure and an arbitrary nanocrystals orientation. The volume of material manifests a large-block textured crystalline structure with the original elemental and phase compositions formed during the extrusion. Thereby, a gradient nanostructured region composed of nano-sized and large Bi2Te3 – хSeх crystals with tunneling contacts is formed in the process of PT. We revealed that the PT changes the material bandgap slightly, decreases the concentration of charge carriers, increasing their mobility. The scattering of carriers and photons on linear defects dominates in a wide temperature range in the studied samples. Thereby, the figure of merit rise s by 8 % after PT, due to a decrease in the phonon component of thermal conductivity.
THE MAESTRO IS THE HIGH PRODUCTIVITY SPRING VARIETY SOFT WHEAT FOR THE CENTRAL NON-CHERNOZEM REGION
Authors: Barkovskaya T. А. , Gladysheva O. V. , Kokoreva V. G.
Published: May 2022

To increase the efficiency of agricultural production, it is necessary to use highly productive varieties in the Central Non-Chernozem Region with genetic protection of the crop from limiting environmental factors. This work provides the economic and biological value of the mid-season variety of spring soft wheat Maestro, which is included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation in 2021 in the Central Region. The variety was created in the Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM by the method of targeted individual selection from the hybrid population F4, obtained by crossing the varieties Omskaya 33 (FGBNU Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center) and Esther (FGBNU FITS Nemchinovka). The most important agrobiological feature of the variety is its high adaptability to various cultivation conditions, which manifests itself primarily in productivity that is stable over the years. The yield in competitive variety testing over seven years of research was 5.74 t / ha, exceeding the standard Agata variety by 1.04 t / ha. During the years of the State test (2019 - 2020), the average yield in the Central region was 3.67 t / ha. The maximum yield of 5.70 t / ha was recorded in 2020 on the chernozem soils of the forest-steppe zone of the Ryazan region. It is especially important to note that under unfavorable agro-climatic conditions, the Maestro variety does not reduce its productivity, but forms a yield 25.2% higher than the Agata variety. At the same time, it effectively responds to the improvement of growing conditions by a significant increase in yield of 1.30 t / ha compared to the Agate standard. On average, for the years 2015-2021, showed the following indicators of grain quality: grain nature 771 g / l, vitreousness 50%, protein content 14% and crude gluten in flour 30.6%, deformation energy of the dough 253 e.a., bread volume 351 cm3, dimensional stability during baking 0.62 mm, organoleptic characteristics are good 4-5 points.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY BASE OF INTELLECTUALIZATION OF AGROTECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT
Authors: Mikhaylenko I. M. , Yakushev V. P.
Published: May 2022

Digitalization and intellectualization have now become factors in the accelerated development of modern agriculture. At the same time, the leading factor is the management intellectualization, which is always aimed at replacing a person in the control loop of complex objects, including agricultural technologies. This entails a significant complication of the intelligent control systems (IMS) themselves. The paper presents one of the areas of intellectualization based on cloud information technologies. Particular attention is paid to the IMS practical feasibility, taking into account the insufficient qualifications of personnel operating these systems in production conditions. The widespread usage of expert MIS is proposed, in which knowledge bases (KB) are formed by means of analytical management systems used as an "ideal teacher" in regional data processing centers, stored in cloud information systems and transferred to local MIS at their request. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the structure of the information and technical base for the intellectualization of the agricultural technologies management, which ensures the greatest efficiency of the IMS, with the minimum cost of funds for their implementation. A sketch of the project of the Regional Information Service Center for Expert Systems for Agricultural Technology Management (RCIO ESUA) is presented.
INFLUENCE OF TECHNIQUES FOR STIMULATING THE APPLE SEEDLINGS GROWTH ON THE VARIETIES EARLY MATURITY IN A YOUNG GARDEN
Authors: Кrasova N. G. , Galasheva А. M. , Lupin М. V.
Published: May 2022

The research was carried out in VNIISPK plantings, in a nursery and young orchard, on gray forest soils. All studied apple cultivars were grafted on a semi-dwarf rootstock 54-118. The reaction of apple cultivars to various methods of stimulating the growth and development of seedlings in the nursery was revealed. The influence of various agrotechnical techniques on the formation of lateral branches in annual apple seedlings was established. A significant increase in the number of seedlings with lateral branches was obtained by using a mechanical technique of pinching the tops of the growing shoots and in combination with the removal of the top three leaves. The use of non-root treatments contributed to a slight increase in lateral branching in the cultivars Bogatyr, Veteran and Rozhdestvenskoye, as well as had a positive effect on the overall development of the seedling and on improving the elemental composition of the leaves. The use of Rastvorin, Urea and Epin drugs contributed to a significant increase in the content of phosphorus, potassium, and calcium in the leaves of seedlings of the studied cultivars. Five apple cultivars, which seedlings were treated in the nursery with various stimulating drugs and techniques, were planted in the orchard for further observations. It was found that mechanical action and chemical stimulation of seedlings had different effects on the yield in the first years of fruiting. A significant increase in the yield for the first 4 years of fruiting was revealed with non-root treatment in the nursery with Rastvorin (0.5%) in the Svezhest cultivar, Rastvorin (0,5%) against the background of pinching the top of the seedling - in Rozhdestvenskoye and Sinap Orlovsky, as well as in Veteran when treated with Rastvorin (0.5%) or Epin (0.002%) in the variant with pinching the top and removing the top 3 leaves.
NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC MECHANISMS OF IMPACT ON PASTURES PLANT COMMUNITIES IN THE NORTH-WESTERN CASPIAN REGION
Authors: Babaeva М. А. , Osipova S. V.
Published: May 2022

The data from field studies on the influence of anthropogenic and ecological mechanisms on the species of forage plants of natural pasture phytocenoses is presented in the article. An explanation for the development of vegetation change processes in phytocenoses under existing conditions is given. The influence on the change in the structure of vegetation, the processes of transformation of communities has been studied. A noticeable decrease in the productivity of phytocenoses was shown at an unstandardized load of 3-4 sheep per hectare.Studies have established the negative influence of external mechanisms on the preservation of valuable forage grasses, depending on the different modes of use of pastures in the North-Western Caspian region. A noticeable decrease in the dynamics of productivity of phytocenoses with an increased load in the range of 4.54-2.27 centners / ha in the spring is shown. The results of the conducted studies show that the peculiarities of changes in the vegetation cover are mainly determined by the formation of an anthropogenic landscape with the domination of the most resistant xerophyte dwarf shrubs and the replacement of indigenous species of the community with unsuitable plant species for food that are formed in a continental climate. Changes in the composition of the vegetation cover, the ratio of species of forage grasses with different adaptive strategies were studied. Found significant changes in the vegetation cover in the experimental plots with non-standardized load. The grass stand is sparse, with a low projective cover of 32-67%. In places of failure, one- and two-year-old plants grow with some poorly eaten perennials; loss of unstable species, especially cereals, is observed. Areas of phytocenoses with a moderate load were characterized by an average of 72% projective cover due to the content of the proportion of grasses, forbs and xerophytes with a high level of adaptation and resistance to various mechanisms of influence.
EFFICIENCY OF BIOMODIFIZED MINERAL FERTILIZERS APPLICATION FOR BARLEY UNDER DIFFERENT SOIL ACIDITY OF SODDY-PODZOLIC SOIL
Authors: Zavalin А. А. , Kirpichnikov N. А. , Bizhan S. P.
Published: May 2022

The results of the action of mineral fertilizers and bisolbifit biologics on barley on sod-podzolic, heavily loamy soil with different pH values are presented. The use of nitrogen and potash fertilizers in a long-term field experiment on strongly acidic sod-podzolic soil with a mobile aluminum content of 130 mg/kg did not significantly affect the yield of spring barley. The use of the microbial preparation bisolbifit as a fertilizer modifier in these conditions is ineffective. The use of a complete mineral fertilizer in doses of N60P60K60 on calcified soil with a weakly acidic reaction of the soil medium, the yield of spring barley grain reaches 35.3-40.4 c/ha at 19.3 c/ha under control without liming. The introduction of biomodified mineral fertilizers with bisolbifit preparation on this soil leads to an increase in grain yield by 12-14%, reaching 45.4 c / ha. The use of biomodified mineral fertilizers on an optimal background of soil pH increases the payback of 1 kg of NRK by an increase in grain yield by 3.2 kg. The increase in the yield of spring barley grain occurs due to an increase in the number of grains in the ear and the mass of 1000 grains, while the consumption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by plants increases by an average of 9%. The application of a complete mineral fertilizer in combination with a microbial preparation on calcified soil forms a grain with a maximum protein content (12.9%) at a control level of 11.8%.
PRODUCTIVITY OF APPLE VARIETIES DEPENDS ON SOIL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors: Khamurzaev S. M. , Madaev А. А.
Published: May 2022

Efficient soil management systems play an important role in improving orchard fertility. They contribute to the equal distribution of organic matter throughout the soil profile. This improves the effective and potential soil fertility. The observations and records have been carried out since 2015 in the fruit-bearing apple orchard of the Dzhalka village Gudermes district of the Chechen Republic, on the varieties Golden Delicious and Granny Smith grafted on M-9. The planting scheme is 3.5 × 2.5 m, the crown shape is a growing effortlessly palmette. We studied the sod-humus system with the cereal grasses mixture sowing (smooth bromegrass, meadow fescue, Australian rye-grass, cocksfoot) and alfalfa, as well as the black fallow and green manure system with the phacelia and mustard sowing. The control is black steam. All options were tested against the background of an experiment to identify the effect of nitrogen fertilizers, which were applied in the spring at doses of N120 and N180. The control had no fertilizer. Three times repetition with 30 accounting trees in each were used. The conducted studies have shown that in intensive type apple orchards the most effective system is sod-humus or black fallow and green manure system.
MONITORING STUDIES OF THE KONDOPOZHSKAYA GUBA OF ONEZHSKOE LAKE STATE IN THE CONDITIONS OF FISH FARMING
Authors: Artamonov V. O. , Il’mast N. V. , Sterligova O. P. , Kuchko Ya. А. , Savosin Е. S. , Milyanchuk N. P. , Savosin D. S.
Published: May 2022

The results of the study of the hydrological, hydrochemical and hydrobiological state of Kondopoga Bay of Lake Onega affected by commercial trout pond farming (production rate is 5540 t/year in 7 nursery ponds) are reported. The hydrological indices of Kondopoga Bay of Lake Onega (area (243 km2, average depth  21 m, maximum depth 82 m, arbitrary water exchange 0.45, etc.) meet trout pond farming requirements. Its hydrochemical indices (percentages of oxygen, nutrients, suspended particles, etc,) show that the bay is of mesotrophic type, in which water quality meets the hydrochemical composition and maximum allowable concentration (MAC) requirements for trout production. The development level of quantitative zooplankton shows that the water masses in the water zone studied are oligotrophic. The water is characterized as b-mesosaprobic, based on its saprobity index of 1.79-1.81, which is consistent with quality class 3 (mildly polluted water). The bay corresponds to an oligo-mesotrophic type on a nutrient content scale, as indicated by the development and species composition of benthic fauna, and a mesosaprobic type, as indicated by the saprobity index (Pantle–Bukk–3.05). The nutrient load exerted by the trout farm is estimated and the scope of trout farming in the bay is recalculated. It is noted that the long-term management of fish farms, which produce great amounts of trout, requires monitoring of the bay once in three years.
BIOTESTING OF AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE SOILS WITH INTENSIVE AEROTECHNOGENIC INFLUENCE
Authors: Dubina-Chekhovich Е. V. , Bakhmet O. N. , Evstratova L. P. , Solodovnikov А. N.
Published: May 2022

On the basis of biotesting using test cultures of oats (Avena sativa L.) and peas (Pisum sativum L.), an integral assessment of the anthropogenic impact on the soil at different distances from the source of pollution was carried out. The aim is to characterize the phytotoxicity of soils of the agricultural landscape with an intensive level of aerotechnogenic load in Karelia. The object of the study was peat soils on fallow reclaimed agricultural lands in the zone of influence of industrial mining production of crushed stone from gabbro-diabases. In the course of research, it was found that at a very high level of average daily dust load (100 m – 2101.9 mg/(m2* day.); 200 – 1787,4; 300 – 1187,1 mg / (m2 * day)) there is a transformation of soil properties of the drained agricultural landscape near the mining quarry. The high content of nutrients, the slightly acidic reaction of the soil solution with a moderately dangerous total level of soil contamination caused the stimulation of the growth of test crops during biotesting (peas - by 58% and oats - by 41%). Inhibition of the development of seedlings for the studied samples is weakly expressed. As we move away from the quarry, despite a statistically significant decrease in the dust mass, the spatial gradient of changes in the analyzed indicators of peas and oats in the sample areas was not detected, which confirms the previously identified, the same level of aerotechnogenic impact on the soil cover.
Upaya Penguatan Nilai-Nilai Karakter Islam Moderat pada Satuan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Hidayati Wilma Rahmah , Warmansyah Jhoni , Zulhendri Zulhendri
Published: May 2022

Pesatnya perkembangan teknologi menimbulkan kekhwatiran dalam pembentukan karakter anak usia dini yang lahir sebagai generasi “digital native”. Hal  tersebut menjadi tantangan para orang tua dan guru dalam membimbing kepribadian anak yang beradab. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengambarkan upaya yang dilakukan oleh lembaga TK Islam Assakinah dalam penguatan karakter Islam moderat di tengah ancaman kondisi intoleransi yang banyak berkembang di kalangan umat beragama. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif melalui pendekatan kualitatif naturalistik dengan wawancara bersama kepala sekolah, guru dan orang tua siswa selama proses pembelajaran serta dilengkapi dokumen pendukung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penguatan nilai-nilai karakter yang mendukung penanaman moderasi beragama sejak dini dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai upaya seperti: penyeleksian awal (screening) calon guru, pemilihan bahan ajar, penanaman sikap moderat dalam pembelajaran, mengadakan parenting education. Berbagai upaya tersebut dapat mewujudkan generasi yang memiliki karakter islam moderat sejak dini dan membawa dampak positif saat anak berada pada tingkat pendidikan yang lebih lanjut
Pengembangan Video Cerita Anak Tema Budaya Lokal
Authors: Syafdaningsih Syafdaningsih , Pratiwi Wahyu
Published: May 2022

Penelitian dan pengembangan ini dilakukan berdasarkan fenomena yang sedang terjadi yaitu adanya pembelajaran yang dilakukan secara blended learning sehingga media audio visual sangat dibutuhkan sebagai pendukung dalam pembelajaran terutama pada tema budaya. Sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan video cerita anak tema budaya lokal yang teruji validitas dan kepraktisannya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Research and Development. Adapun prosedur yang digunakan yaitu ADDIE (Analysis, Desain, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) yang dikembangkan oleh Dick Carry. Produk dibuat dengan menggunakan prosedur yang telah dipilih, sehingga didapatkan media berupa video yang memuat tema budayaku dan empat subtema yaitu rumah Limas, makanan khas Pempek, tarian Gending Sriwijaya dan pakaian Aesan Gede dan Aesan Pak Sangko.Tahap evaluasi yang digunakan yaitu evaluasi formatif oleh Tessmer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan video cerita anak tema budaya lokal teruji validitas dan kepraktisannya. Sehingga layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran terutama mengenai budaya lokal Sumatera Selatan yaitu Palembang
A single nucleotide variant on chromosome 16 residing within SLC6A2 distinguishes patients with luminal A breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: May 2022

Molecular subtypes including the most common subtype luminal A drive patient outcomes in human breast cancer but the biological basis for this is not completely understood (1-4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to discover in an unbiased fashion the most distinguishing genetic and transcriptional features of tumors of each breast cancer molecular subtype. We identified a single nucleotide polymorphism, rs2242447, residing within SLC6A2, as among the most significant genetic differences in the tumors of patients with luminal A breast cancer. In a separate cohort of patients with luminal A subtype breast cancer, we observed transcriptome-wide differential expression of a SLC6A2 transcript. Analysis of patient survival data revealed that SLC6A2 primary tumor expression was correlated with distant metastasis-free survival in luminal B subtype breast cancer. Sequence variation in the SLC6A2 gene may be important in understanding differences in genetic background that favor development of luminal A subtype human breast cancer.
'Covering' - a specific but important form of adaptive changes
Authors: Gecow Andrzej
Published: May 2022

There are at least two distinctly different forms of adaptive change. Usually, the form considered are small changes that increase fitness, without pronounced extortion. The second, equally important form, called 'covering', does not change fitness in principle, but saves after a significant, imposed change in the environment, which would give a great loss of fitness. These forms differ primarily in the place of change – covering takes place near the disturbed, functionally early place of the network and recreates the previous functioning, while the first form is grouped in functionally late places, near the assessed outputs of the system. This difference creates different structural tendencies in the evolving system. The presented work demonstrates with the help of simulation of complex networks the existence and basic properties of covering, and presents its biological interpretations.
Tutorial on the expectation maximization algorithm for mixture distributions
Authors: Strebel Oliver
Published: May 2022

A short tutorial on the expectation maximization algorithm for mixture distributions and mixture regressions
analisis kurva kepuasan sama
Authors: muh fajrin
Published: May 2022

Pada saat ini konsumen dalam menentukan pilihan untuk menggunakan anggaran pendapatannya terkadang tidak lagi rasional. Dikarenakan tuntutan zaman yang mengharuskan konsumen menjaga image mereka di depan khalayak umum. Hal ini dapat menimbulkan suatu permasalah dikemudian hari dikarenakan konsumen tidak bijak dalam mengalokasi pendapatan yang dia miliki sehingga akan timbul hutang, perilaku konsumtive, perilaku criminal karena memikirkan membayar hutang dll.Teori Nilai Guna Ordinal dapat mendeskripsikan kepada konsumen bagaimana menggunakan anggaran pendapatan dengan bijak dan rasional. Dalam perhitungan nilai guna ordinal akan dicantumkan alternative pilihan dua barang/lebih yang konsumen dapat pilih. Perhitungan nilai guna ordinal menjadi penting karena dapat mendeskripsikan pilihan mana yang rasional sesuai dengan anggaran yang dibelanjakan untuk mendapatkan nilai kepuasan.kurva kepuasan sama adalah suatu kurva yang menggambarkan gabungan barang-barang yang akan memberikan kepuasan yang sama besarnya. Kurva kepuasan sama menggambarkan keinginan konsumen untuk memperoleh barang-barang dan kepuasan yang akan dinikmatinya dari mengkonsumsi barang-barang tersebut. Dalam kenyataannya, konsumen tidak dapat memperoleh semua barang yang diinginkannya, sebab dibatasi oleh pendapatan yang dapat dibelanjakannya.
The Strategic Logic of Digital Disinformation Offense, Defence and Deterrence in Information Warfare
Authors: Unver Hamid Akin , Ertan Arhan S.
Published: May 2022

Why do countries engage in disinformation campaigns even though they know that they will likely be debunked later on? We explore a core puzzle in information warfare whereby countries that pursue disinformation to confuse and demobilize their adversaries usually suffer from reputational penalties after they are debunked, yet they nonetheless continue to pursue such tactics. In order to explain this dilemma, we employ a formal model and walk through anarchy, pre-emption, and cost miscalculation explanations of disinformation and demonstrate that countries may rationally engage in disinformation campaigns if they have a different calculus about reputational costs, if they believe their adversaries will not be able to debunk their claims successfully, and if those adversaries will not be able to disseminate their debunked claims well enough to incur reputational costs on the initiator. Ultimately, we suggest that deterrence in information warfare is attainable if the ‘defender’ can signal its debunking and ‘naming-shaming’ capacity prior to the disinformation campaign and if it can mobilize the support of the international audience against the attacker. We conclude by arguing that a country’s fact-checking ecosystem and its pre-existing perception within the mainstream international digital media environment are the strongest defenses against disinformation.
Explosive magnetic hypothesis of the spiral structure of the Galaxy in the history of the Earth.
Authors: Raf
Published: May 2022

The possibility of the formation of a triplet six-armed spiral structure of the Galaxy as a result of the impact on the stellar population of the Milky Way disk of concentrated ionized explosive supernova ejections (with different velocity extrema) from the central region is considered. A mechanism is proposed for concentration and acceleration by the magnetic field of the Galaxy R<3-5 kpc of ionized gas and dust emissions, with their further canalization along the magnetic axis of the dipole of a close binary system of supermassive objects at R<0.1 kpc, rotating with acceleration. The hypothesis is confirmed by the periodicity of pulses of electrically conductive cosmic dust entering the Earth, as well as by the presence of anisotropies of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays >1014 eV from the calculated directions. Thus, the triplet view of the boundaries of the geochronological scale is substantiated as the consequences of different-scale effects of heterogeneities in the triplet structure of the Spiral arms.
The Effects of Co-Teaching and Related Collaborative Models of Instruction on Student Achievement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Vembye Mikkel Helding , Weiss Felix , Bhat Bethany Hamilton
Published: May 2022

Co-teaching and related collaborative models of instruction are widely used in primary and secondary schools in many school systems. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effects of such models on students’ academic achievement and how these effects are moderated by factors of theoretical and practical relevance. Although previous research and reviews have asserted that the evidence base is scarce, we found 128 treatment and control group studies from 1984–2020. We excluded 52 studies due to critical risk of bias via Cochrane's risk of bias assessment tools and conducted a meta-analysis of 76 studies. This yielded 280 short-term effect sizes of which 82% were pretest-adjusted. We found a moderate, positive, and statistically significant mean effect of g ̅ = 0.11, 95% CI[0.035, 0.184] of collaborative instruction compared to single-taught controls, using the correlated-hierarchical effects (CHE-RVE) model. From moderator analyses, we found that collaborative instruction yields effects of mostly the same size, whether the interventions involved trained teachers or assistants with no teaching qualifications. This implies a potential for the expansion of such interventions at lower costs than otherwise expected. Moreover, factors that are highlighted in the co-teaching literature as preconditions for the effectiveness of collaborative instruction did not explain variations in effect sizes. Finally, we found no clear evidence for publication bias or small study effects. Notably, a large number of the studies that we drew upon were non-randomized studies, and therefore, more rigorous experimental research is needed, especially on relevant co-teaching interventions.
Different interventions for COVID-19 primary and booster vaccination? Effects of psychological factors and health policies on vaccine uptake
Authors: Sprengholz Philipp , Henkel Luca , Böhm Robert , Betsch Cornelia
Published: May 2022

Background: Mitigation of the COVID-19 pandemic requires continued uptake of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. To increase vaccination intention and uptake, key determinants of primary and booster vaccination need to be understood and potential effects of vaccination policies must be examined.Design: Using experimental data collected in Germany in February 2022 (N = 2,701), this study investigated (a) predictors of primary and booster vaccination, and (b) potential effects of policies combining vaccination mandates and monetary incentives.Results: Compared to unvaccinated participants, those with primary vaccination were less complacent, more often understood the collective protection afforded by vaccination, and less often endorsed conspiracy-based misinformation. Compared to participants with primary vaccination, boosted individuals were even less complacent, exhibited fewer conspiracy-based beliefs, perceived fewer constraints by prioritizing vaccination over other things, and more often favored compliance with official vaccination recommendations. Support for and reactance about vaccination mandates depended on vaccination status rather than policy characteristics, regardless of mandate type or incentives (up to 500 euro). While unvaccinated individuals rejected policy provisions and declined vaccination, boosted individuals indicated mid-level support for mandates and showed high vaccination intention. Among vaccinated individuals, higher incentives of up to 2,000 EUR had a considerable positive effect on the willingness to get boosted, especially in the absence of a mandate.Conclusions: While mandates may be needed to increase primary vaccination, our results indicate that financial incentives could be an alternative to promote booster uptake. However, combining both measures for the same target group seems inadvisable in most cases.
A Combined Experimental–Correlational Approach to the Construct Validity of Performance-Based and Self-Report-Based Measures of Sustained Attention
Authors: Welhaf Matt , Kane Michael J.
Published: May 2022

The ability to sustain attention is often measured with either objective performance indicators, like within-person RT variability, or subjective self-reports, like mind wandering propensity. A more construct valid approach, however, may be to assess the covariation in these performance and self-report measures, given that each of these is influenced by different sources of measurement error. If the correlation between performance-variability and self-report measures reflects the sustained attention construct, then task manipulations aimed at reducing the sustained attention demands of tasks should reduce the correlation between them (in addition to reducing mean levels of variability and mind wandering). The current study investigated this claim with a combined experimental-correlation approach. In two experiments (Ns ~ 1500 each), participants completed tasks that either maximized or minimized the demand for sustained attention. Our demand manipulations successfully reduced the mean levels of sustained attention failures in both the objective and subjective measures, in both experiments. In neither experiment, however, did the covariation between these measures change as a function of the sustained attention demands of the tasks. We can therefore claim only minimal support for the construct validity of our measurement approach to sustained attention.
Different short breathing inductions have variable effects on emotional arousal and empathy.
Authors: Stakelum Victoria
Published: May 2022

Increasing an individual’s capability for empathy and emotion regulation may bring benefits to the individual, their relationships and society. This study sought to test the efficacy of two accessible five-minute breathing inductions in a style reported to be effective at improving these interlinked socio-emotional capabilities. An experimental methodology was selected to provide robust empirical evidence, with a between-samples design in which sample groups were matched by education level, prior meditation experience, age and gender. Demand characteristics were avoided by blinding participants to their condition with use of an active control condition in the form of a ‘mind wandering’ sham meditation. Participants provided some self-reported state measures and then took a ‘mind reading’ test of cognitive empathy followed by reporting their emotional arousal and degree of concern during exposure to seven negatively affective images. The experiment was conducted wholly online to enable a broad sample of adults to be reached. The research suggested that for those without prior meditation experienced, paced breathing may be a more simple and effective mechanic for improving self-reported focused attentiveness. Neither mindful nor paced breathing produced a consistently higher empathy or emotion regulation than the mind-wandering control sample. For individuals with lots of prior meditation experience, mindful breathing was the only induction that appeared effective at supporting improved attention to the present moment, and a corresponding improvement to measures of cognitive empathy. Whilst methodological issues obscured the relationship between emotional arousal and affective empathy, a significant moderating effect of mindful breathing on the relationship between emotional arousal and cognitive empathy confirmed the importance of emotional arousal in the investigation of mindfulness and its effect of different forms of empathy. A relationship between a participant’s level of education and their mindful attention self-report measures was also discovered. Both of these insights are important considerations for further research.
A GIS based landslide susceptibility mapping using machine learning and alternative forest road routes assessment in protection forests
Authors: Bugday Ender
Published: May 2022

Forestry activities should be carried out within the purview of sustainable forestry while reaping the benefits of forestry. Accordingly, the construction of forest roads through forests should be carefully planned, especially in protection forests. Forest areas in Turkey are generally widespread in mountainous and high sloping areas that are susceptible to landslides-landslide susceptibility is one of the most important criteria for the selection of protected forests. As such, it is important to evaluate detailed and applicable alternatives regarding special areas and private forests. The aim of this study is to determine alternative routes for forest roads in protected forests through the use of geographic information systems (GIS), particularly in areas with high landslide susceptibility. To this end, a landslide susceptibility map (LSM) was created using logistic regression (LR) and random forest (RF)
modeling methods, which are widely used in machine learning (ML). Two models with the highest receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and area under curve (AUC) values were selected, and ten factors (slope, elevation, lithology, distance to road, distance to fault, distance to river, curvature, stream power index, topographic position index, and topographic wetness index) were used. The best LSM modeling method was AUC. The AUC value was 90.6% with the RF approach and 80.3% with the LR approach. The generated LSMs were used to determine alternative routes that were calculated through cost path analysis. It is hoped that the susceptibility to landslides and selection of alternative forest road routes determined through the approaches and techniques in this study will benefit forest road planning as well as plan and decision makers.
Dates of arrival of the Eurasian golden oriole (Oriolus oriolus L.) in decidious forest in relation to increase of local air temperature in NW Croatia
Authors: Dolenec Zdravko
Published: May 2022

Numerous regions worldwide are affected by Earth climate warming. Most studies of bird phenology in relation to global and regional climate change have focused on trends in arrival dates and breeding dates. The study investigates the results of phenological spring migration research on Eurasian Golden Oriole during a period of 26 years (1991–2016) in relation to average spring air temperatures (April–May) and year in deciduous forests (northwestern Croatia). Data is available for spring arrivals detected by the first song. Arrival date advanced significantly during the research period. According to the linear regression slopes, models suggested that in Eurasian Golden Oriole arrival date has advanced 6 days in period 1991–2016. Furthermore, average spring air temperatures (April–May) increased significantly during the study period. Furthermore, date of arrival was significantly negative correlated with average spring temperatures. My results provide evidence that warms spring has impacted spring migration arrival dates of Eurasian golden oriole of the deciduous forests in northwestern Croatia.
Heavy quark hybrid decays
Authors: Mohapatra Abhishek
Published: May 2022

In order to understand the nature of the XYZ particles, theoretical predictions of the various XYZ decay modes are essential. In this work, we focus on the semi-inclusive decay of heavy quarkonium hybrids into traditional quarkonium in the Born-Oppenheimer EFT (BOEFT) framework. We find that our numerical results of the decay rates are different from the previous studies. We also develop a systematic framework in which the theoretical uncertainty can be systematically improved.
‘To have children with the Fair Lady…’. On the history of the correspondence between Maria Shkapskaya and Aleksandr Blok
Authors: Litvinova О. N.
Published: May 2022

The article methodically analyses several versions of M. Shkapskaya’s poem ‘To have children with the Fair Lady…’ [‘Detey ot prekrasnoy damy…’], dedicated to A. Blok, and examines the changes made by Shkapskaya as she was revising the draft. It is a well-known fact that, in 1920, a year before his death, it was Blok who helped Shkapskaya establish a literary career. Having read a typewritten copy of her collection of poems entitled Mater Dolorosa, he supplied a favourable review, which, along with personal recommendations of M. Kuzmin, M. Lozinsky and N. Gumilyov, ensured Shkapskaya’s membership in the Petrograd Union of Poets, despite the fact that none of her work had been published at the time. The article lists several lesser-known facts about Blok’s life (for example, that he personally knew and corresponded with Shkapskaya, who was also a friend and correspondent of his mother’s, A. Kublitskaya-Piottukh), and includes the complete text of Shkapskaya’s comical ‘opera’ Blok Aleksandr, sent to Blok in a letter dated 16 January 1921; the text is supplied with notes. Also included is another of her ‘operas,’ Shkapsky Orest.
THE INFLUENCE OF SOME INSECTICIDES ON THE ABUNDANCE AND FORAGING ACTIVATES ACTIVITIES OF BROAD BEAN BEE POLLINATORS IN EGYPT, A CASE STUDY
Authors: H. El-naggar Doaa , Mohamed A. Shebl , T. Ahmed Mohamed , A. Osman Mohamed
Published: May 2022

Insect pollinators provide many essential ecosystem services including pollination, and many others. However, pollinating insects are currently facing potential threats on an unprecedented scale with many species facing decline. Honeybee Apis mellifera comprise nearly 68% of those affected insect pollinators. Irrational Insecticides application, with special reference to neonicotinoides group is one of the main causes of this decline. The main objective of the current study is to investigate the impact of some insecticides application on the activity of broad bean flower-visiting bees. Tested inseticides were thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, thiacloprid (neonicotinoids), spinosyns A and D, beside some organophosphates. Changes in the daily activity of bees visiting broad bean flowers following insecticide application was recorded and compared to their activity before application, throughout until the end of blooming season.
Élaboration d’une typologie élémentaire des genres écrits professionnels à des fins didactiques
Authors: Pallanti Luca
Published: May 2022

En s’appuyant sur le domaine épistémique des littéracies professionnelles, l’étude vise la construction d’une typologie élémentaire des genres écrits professionnels à des fins d’enseignement. L’enjeu consiste à catégoriser 135 textes authentiques ayant circulé dans trois entreprises dont l’activité s’inscrit dans certaines filières du secteur industriel Production. Dans une perspective descendante qui part des pratiques langagières des acteurs professionnels pour explorer enfin les phénomènes textuels, on vise l’élaboration d’une typologie des genres écrits professionnels selon des critères praxéologiques, pragmatiques et compositionnels. Quatre genres écrits majeurs ont été identifiés, à savoir le rapport, le compte rendu, la conversation écrite professionnelle et la note de cadrage. Une fois les propriétés linguistiques de ces genres analysées, la typologie a fait l’objet d’une transposition didactique. L’étude fournit également les objectifs d’apprentissage et les contenus d’enseignement prioritaires pour concevoir des formations à l’écrit à destination d’étudiants en difficulté avec l’écriture dans les filières universitaires technologiques.