bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the role of school psychologists/counsellors in addressing bullying: Current practices and suggested future directions
Authors: O’Brien Shannon O , Campbell Marilyn A , Whiteford Chrystal
Published: October 2024

Bullying is widely accepted as a significant issue confronting schools across the globe. The potential short and long-term consequences of bullying for involved students include negative academic and mental health impacts. It is known that a whole-school approach is required to effectively manage bullying. As such, school psychologists and counsellors are well-placed to play an important role in the prevention of and response to bullying in their workplace schools. By virtue of their training and skill-set, school psychologists and counsellors could be involved in the training of other staff, educating and collaborating with stakeholders, and counselling the involved students utilising methods such as motivational interviewing. In order for these staff members to play an effective role in bullying prevention and intervention, they require professional development on bullying, a supportive leadership team and a workplace that provides a clear delineation of their role.
Preprocessing Experience-Sampling-Method Data: A Step-by-Step Framework, Tutorial Website, R Package, and Reporting Templates
Authors: Revol Jordan , Carlier Chiara , Lafit Ginette , Verhees Martine , Sels Laura , Ceulemans Eva
Published: October 2024

Experience-sampling-method (ESM) studies have become a very popular tool to gain insight into the dynamics of psychological processes. Although the statistical modeling of ESM data has been widely studied, the preprocessing steps that precede such modeling have received relatively limited attention despite being a challenging phase. At the same time, adequate preprocessing of ESM data is crucial: It provides valuable information about the quality of the data and, importantly, helps to resolve issues in the data that may compromise the validity of statistical analyses. To support researchers in properly preprocessing ESM data, we have developed a step-by-step framework, a tutorial website that provides a gallery of R code, an R package, and templates to report the preprocessing steps. Particular attention is given to three different aspects in preprocessing: checking adherence to the study design (e.g., whether the momentary questionnaires were delivered according to the sampling scheme), examining participants’ response behaviors (e.g., compliance, careless responding), and describing and visualizing the data (e.g., examining distributions of variables).
Bilateral exudative retinal detachment with subretinal light-chain protein in a patient with multiple myeloma -case report-
Authors: Gruben Arved Rikus , Ehlken Christoph , Roider Johann
Published: October 2024

Background

Exudative retinal detachment in patients with multiple myeloma is exceedingly rare. Only two Cases are known to us. We successfully identified light-chain proteins in subretinal fluid, allowing for a more precise understanding of the pathogenesis of this complication.

Case presentation

A 68-year-old patient presented with bilateral exudative retinal detachment. The visual impairment was reported one day after stem cell mobilization by granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and the additional administration of Plerixafor. The symptoms began during stem cell apheresis. The patient underwent surgical treatment for both eyes through vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade. Light-chain proteins were detected in the collected subretinal fluid through electrophoresis in one eye.

Conclusions

We successfully identified light-chain proteins in subretinal fluid, allowing for a more precise understanding of the pathogenesis of this complication. The pathomechanism likely involves damage to the outer blood-retina barrier due to the deposition of light-chain proteins. Whether mobilization of bone marrow cells with Plerixafor led to a breakdown of the outer blood-retina barrier in these patients is a topic for discussion and has to be considered in the use of Plerixafor.
Informatics assessment of COVID-19 data collection: an analysis of UK Biobank questionnaire data
Authors: Mayer Craig S.
Published: October 2024

Background

There have been many efforts to expand existing data collection initiatives to include COVID-19 related data. One program that expanded is UK Biobank, a large-scale research and biomedical data collection resource that added several COVID-19 related data fields including questionnaires (exposures and symptoms), viral testing, and serological data. This study aimed to analyze this COVID-19 data to understand how COVID-19 data was collected and how it can be used to attribute COVID-19 and analyze differences in cohorts and time periods.

Methods

A cohort of COVID-19 infected individuals was defined from the UK Biobank population using viral testing, diagnosis, and self-reported data. Changes over time, from March 2020 to October 2021, in total case counts and changes in case counts by identification source (diagnosis from EHR, measurement from viral testing and self-reported from questionnaire) were also analyzed. For the questionnaires, an analysis of the structure and dynamics of the questionnaires was done which included the amount and type of questions asked, how often and how many individuals answered the questions and what responses were given. In addition, the amount of individuals who provided responses regarding different time segments covered by the questionnaire was calculated along with how often responses changed. The analysis included changes in population level responses over time. The analyses were repeated for COVID and non-COVID individuals and compared responses.

Results

There were 62 042 distinct participants who had COVID-19, with 49 120 identified through diagnosis, 30 553 identified through viral testing and 934 identified through self-reporting, with many identified in multiple methods. This included vast changes in overall cases and distribution of case data source over time. 6 899 of 9 952 participants completing the exposure questionnaire responded regarding every time period covered by the questionnaire including large changes in response over time. The most common change came for employment situation, which was changed by 74.78% of individuals from the first to last time of asking. On a population level, there were changes as face mask usage increased each successive time period. There were decreases in nearly every COVID-19 symptom from the first to the second questionnaire. When comparing COVID to non-COVID participants, COVID participants were more commonly keyworkers (COVID: 33.76%, non-COVID: 15.00%) and more often lived with young people attending school (61.70%, 45.32%).

Conclusion

To develop a robust cohort of COVID-19 participants from the UK Biobank population, multiple types of data were needed. The differences based on time and exposures show the important of comprehensive data capture and the utility of COVID-19 related questionnaire data.
Sex differences in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: nationwide multicenter retrospective study in Japan
Authors: Kawauchi Akira , Okada Yohei , Aoki Makoto , Inoue Akihiko , Hifumi Toru , Sakamoto Tetsuya , Kuroda Yasuhiro , Nakamura Mitsunobu ,   the SAVE-J II Study Group
Published: October 2024

Background

Previous studies examining sex differences in patients undergoing extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) have indicated that women have favorable outcomes; however, detailed evidence remains lacking. We aimed to investigate sex differences in the backgrounds and outcomes of patients undergoing ECPR for OHCA.

Methods

This study was a secondary analysis of the registry from the SAVE-J II study, a retrospective multicenter study conducted in Japan from 2013 to 2018. Adult patients without external causes who underwent ECPR for OHCA were included. The primary outcome was a favorable neurological outcome (Cerebral Performance Status 1 or 2) at hospital discharge. We used multilevel logistic regression to evaluate the association of sex differences, adjusting for center-level (hospital) and individual-level variables (patient background, cardiac arrest situation, and in-hospital intervention factors). For sensitivity analyses, we performed three models of multilevel logistic regression when selecting confounders.

Results

Among the 1819 patients, 1523 (83.7%) were men, and 296 (16.3%) were women. The median age (61.0 vs. 58.0 years), presence of a witness (78.8% vs. 79.2%), and occurrence of bystander CPR (57.5% vs. 61.6%) were similar between groups. Women were more likely to present with an initial non-shockable rhythm (31.7% vs. 49.7%), as well as a non-shockable rhythm at hospital arrival (52.1% vs. 61.5%) and at ECMO initiation (48.1% vs. 57.1%). The proportion of favorable neurological outcomes was 12.3% in males and 15.9% in females (p = 0.10). Multilevel logistic regression analysis showed that the female sex was significantly associated with a favorable neurologic outcome at discharge (adjusted odds ratio: 1.60 [95% confidence interval: 1.05–2.43]; p = 0.03). This advantage in women was consistently observed in the sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions

The female sex is significantly associated with favorable neurological outcomes at hospital discharge in patients who received ECPR for OHCA.
Interleukin-4 and its receptor alpha in paediatric uncomplicated malaria patients from a Ghanaian case-control study
Authors: Diaba-Nuhoho Patrick
Published: October 2024

Objectives

This study investigated gene polymorphisms in the interleukin-4 (IL-4) and its receptor alpha (IL-4Rα) gene regions in human hosts with uncomplicated malaria.

Data description

Blood samples were obtained from a case-control study conducted at the Sogakope district hospital in the Volta region of Ghana. Thick blood films were made and used to detect the presence and levels of parasitaemia in the patient samples. Genotyping of IL-4 (150 C/T) and the IL-4Rα (Pro-478-Ser) polymorphisms in the promoter regions and receptor gene was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) after DNA extraction. The data are useful in determining genetic polymorphisms (allele and genotypic frequencies) of IL-4 and its alpha receptor. In addition, they are useful when comparing levels of parasite density and haematological parameters between genotypic variants of IL-4 and IL-4Rα. These data contribute to our understanding of the genetic basis of malaria susceptibility, particularly in the population of the Volta region of Ghana.
A-posteriori analysis of the performance of a rockfall susceptibility map
Authors: Cignetti M. , Godone D. , Cardone D. , Giordan D. , Bertolo D.
Published: October 2024

Background

Rockfalls pose a serious threat along the main road network, representing a major hazard in mountainous territory and causing damage and victims. Currently, susceptibility mapping represents a starting point to identify areas more susceptible to rockfall occurrence, a key approach in land use planning and risk management. Despite the extensive use of these maps by decision makers and administrators, the usability of such maps over time and their reliability represent a poorly discussed and examined feature.

Methods

Here, we proposed a-posteriori analysis of a three-year-old rockfall susceptibility map, generated along the main road network of the Aosta Valley, an alpine region of north-western Italy. To verify map consistency over time, we implemented a dual-analysis in GIS-environment and by text mining, to respectively analyse the geocoded data and textual information derivable from the regional landslide inventory. The first one allowed us to extract rockfall events occurred after the susceptibility map generation. By this way, we operated to spatially and temporally verify the map consistency. Jointly, the textual information reported in the Event Description Form, linked to each geocoded event, are being exploited. This allowed us to derive relevant information about occurred damage and their degree, presence of protective measures or secondary roads, i.e. involvement of, farm or forestry, road.

Results

The implemented approach allowed us to prove the quality of the previous map in terms of reliability, robustness and degree of fitting respect to the succession of rockfall occurrence over time. After only three years as many as 198 rockfall events have been occurred and collected since the map was generated. Particularly, 80% of rockfall fit with “high” and “very high” susceptibility classes, and pointed out large involvement of main roads in rockfall occurrence, representing the most affected target with damage to road pavement and vehicles, as well as a relevant involvement of existing rockfall barriers and of the dense network of forestry roads and footpaths that characterize this alpine region.

Results

The proposed approach representing a starting point in landslide susceptibility map verification and usability as valid instrument for a reliable land planning.
Exploring the role of riboflavin in swine well-being: a literature review
Authors: Shastak Yauheni , Pelletier Wolf
Published: October 2024

Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is an essential B-vitamin crucial for the metabolism, development, and overall well-being of porcine species. As pig production intensifies, understanding the micronutrient needs of swine, particularly riboflavin, becomes increasingly vital. Riboflavin acts as a precursor for coenzymes involved in key redox reactions essential for energy production, growth, and immune regulation. Ariboflavinosis can disrupt metabolic functions, leading to impaired growth, reproductive issues, decreased feed efficiency, compromised immune function, ocular problems, and liver dysfunction. To ensure optimal growth and health, pig diets are consistently supplemented with riboflavin-enriched supplements. This review explores the diverse functions of riboflavin in swine metabolism, focusing on biochemical basics, metabolic pathways, riboflavin uptake and distribution, consequences of deficiency, and benefits of adequate intake. It emphasizes the need for optimized riboflavin supplementation strategies tailored to different production stages and environmental conditions. According to recommendations from four major breeding companies, the dietary riboflavin levels for swine are advised to range between 7.5 and 15 mg/kg for piglets, 3.5 to 8.0 mg/kg for finishing gilts and barrows, 4 to 10 mg/kg for gestating sows, and 5 to 10 mg/kg for lactating sows. Advances in precision nutrition, microbial production of riboflavin, and the development of functional feed additives are potential innovations to enhance swine health, growth performance, and sustainability. Comprehensive studies on the long-term effects of subclinical riboflavin deficiency and the broader health and welfare implications of supplementation are also needed. Addressing knowledge gaps and embracing future trends and innovations will be key to optimizing riboflavin supplementation and advancing the swine industry.
Post-translational modifications of fibrinogen: implications for clotting, fibrin structure and degradation
Authors: Nencini Francesca , Bettiol Alessandra , Argento Flavia Rita , Borghi Serena , Giurranna Elvira , Emmi Giacomo , Prisco Domenico , Taddei Niccolò , Fiorillo Claudia , Becatti Matteo
Published: October 2024

Fibrinogen, a blood plasma protein with a key role in hemostasis and thrombosis, is highly susceptible to post-translational modifications (PTMs), that significantly influence clot formation, structure, and stability. These PTMs, which include acetylation, amidation, carbamylation, citrullination, dichlorination, glycation, glycosylation, guanidinylation, hydroxylation, homocysteinylation, malonylation, methylation, nitration, oxidation, phosphorylation and sulphation, can alter fibrinogen biochemical properties and affect its functional behavior in coagulation and fibrinolysis. Oxidation and nitration are notably associated with oxidative stress, impacting fibrin fiber formation and promoting the development of more compact and resistant fibrin networks. Glycosylation and glycation contribute to altered fibrinogen structural properties, often resulting in changes in fibrin clot density and susceptibility to lysis, particularly in metabolic disorders like diabetes. Acetylation and phosphorylation, influenced by medications such as aspirin, modulate clot architecture by affecting fiber thickness and clot permeability. Citrullination and homocysteinylation, although less studied, are linked to autoimmune conditions and cardiovascular diseases, respectively, affecting fibrin formation and stability. Understanding these modifications provides insights into the pathophysiology of thrombotic disorders and highlights potential therapeutic targets. This review comprehensively examines the current literature on fibrinogen PTMs, their specific sites, biochemical pathways, and their consequences on fibrin clot architecture, clot formation and clot lysis.
Bioregulatory event extraction using large language models: a case study of rice literature
Authors: Yao Xinzhi , He Zhihan , Xia Jingbo
Published: October 2024

The extraction of biological regulation events has been a key focus in the field of biomedical nature language processing (BioNLP). However, existing methods often encounter challenges such as cascading errors in text mining pipelines and limitations in topic coverage from the selected corpus. Fortunately, the emergence of large language models (LLMs) presents a potential solution due to their robust semantic understanding and extensive knowledge base. To explore this potential, our project at the Biomedical Linked Annotation Hackathon 8 (BLAH 8) investigates the feasibility of using LLMs to extract biological regulation events. Our findings, based on the analysis of rice literature, demonstrate the promising performance of LLMs in this task, while also highlighting several concerns that must be addressed in future LLM-based application in low-resource topic.
Theoretical frameworks used to inform qualitative mental health research: a focus on positivism, interpretivism and critical realism
Authors: Wells Imogen , Giacco Domenico
Published: October 2024

Qualitative research methods, defined as the collection and analysis of non-numerical data to understand concepts and experiences, are often used to inform mental health practice and policies. When utilising qualitative research methods, it is important that the researcher uses an explicit theoretical framework to guide the study. A theoretical framework informs how researchers engage with a topic or problem, report on their work with participants, describe key concepts and address assumptions within the research questions and procedures. In this article, we describe the basic concepts underpinning three of the most commonly used frameworks in mental health research: positivism, interpretivism and critical realism. We also describe how these theoretical frameworks may guide the qualitative process, including the theoretical and methodological approaches chosen and the ways in which these theoretical frameworks can be applied in practice. To enhance understanding of these frameworks, we include examples of how such frameworks can be used in qualitative mental health research.
Unusual Presentation of Spinal Myoclonus After Neuraxial Anesthesia in a Patient With Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Report
Authors: Joy Joydip , Kollman Patrick , Alsaden Mohamed-Rida A.
Published: October 2024

This case report highlights a unique instance of spinal myoclonus after neuraxial anesthesia. It aims to inform anesthesiology providers, enhancing their ability to identify, manage, and potentially prevent similar outcomes in patients at risk.
CAMSAP3 forms dimers via its α-helix domain that directly stabilize non-centrosomal microtubule minus ends
Authors: Li Yuejia , Zhang Rui , Ren Jinqi , Chen Wei , Zhou Zhengrong , Xu Honglin , Li Dong , Cheng Haisu , Xie Qi , Ji Wei , Feng Wei , Liang Xin , Meng Wenxiang
Published: October 2024

Microtubules are vital components of the cytoskeleton. Their plus ends are dynamic and respond to changes in cell morphology, whereas the minus ends are stable and serve a crucial role in microtubule seeding and maintaining spatial organization. In mammalian cells, the calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated proteins (CAMSAPs), play a key role in directly regulating the dynamics of non-centrosomal microtubules minus ends. However, the molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Our study reveals that CAMSAP3 forms dimers through its C-terminal α-helix; this dimerization not only enhances the microtubule-binding affinity of the CKK domain but also enables the CKK domain to regulate the dynamics of microtubules. Furthermore, CAMSAP3 also specializes in decorating at the minus end of microtubules through the combined action of the microtubule-binding domain (MBD) and the C-terminal α-helix, thereby achieving dynamic regulation of the minus ends of microtubules. These findings are crucial for advancing our understanding and treatment of diseases associated with non-centrosomal microtubules.
Remote Instruction and Student Mental Health: Swedish Evidence from the Pandemic
Authors: Björkegren Evelina , Svaleryd Helena , Vlachos Jonas
Published: October 2024

When COVID-19 reached Sweden, upper-secondary students (ages 17–19) transitioned to remote instruction, while lower-secondary schools (ages 14–16) remained open. We use this setting as a natural experiment to analyze how modes of instruction affect student mental health. We find a 4.4 percent decrease in mental health care use from remote instruction, primarily due to fewer diagnoses and prescriptions for depression and anxiety. The reduction persists throughout the study period; 21 months after the initial closure and 9 months after schools resumed usual operations. This suggests potential mental health benefits from remote instruction, at least in the medium term. (JEL I12, I18, I21, I28, I31)
Administrative Burden and Procedural Denials: Experimental Evidence from SNAP
Authors: Giannella Eric , Homonoff Tatiana , Rino Gwen , Somerville Jason
Published: October 2024

Many government program applications result in procedural denials due to administrative burdens associated with applying. We identify the intake interview as a key barrier to take-up of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program and study the effect of an alternative application process designed to reduce burdens. Using a field experiment involving 65,000 Los Angeles applicants, we find that access to flexible interviews initiated by the applicant increases approvals by 6 percentage points, doubles early approvals, and increases long-term participation by over 2 percentage points. Our findings highlight the importance of incorporating flexibility when designing program integrity policies to minimize procedural denials. (JEL H75, I18, I38)
The Carrot and the Stick: Bank Bailouts and the Disciplining Role of Board Appointments
Authors: Mücke Christian , Pelizzon Loriana , Pezone Vincenzo , Thakor Anjan
Published: October 2024

We empirically examine the Capital Purchase Program (CPP) used by the US government to bail out distressed banks and its implications for regulatory policy. We find strong evidence that a feature of the CPP—the government’s ability to appoint independent directors on the board of an assisted bank that missed six dividend payments to the Treasury—had a significant effect on bank behavior. Banks were averse to these appointments—the empirical distribution of missed payments exhibits a sharp discontinuity at five. Director appointments by the Treasury were associated with improved bank performance and lower CEO pay. (JEL G21, G28, G32, G34, G35, G38, H81)
Em busca de uma ética administrativa pós-convencional no contexto das organizações públicas brasileiras
Authors: Silveira Santos Laís , C. Serafim Mauricio
Published: October 2024

Este artigo teórico apresenta um debate sobre o amadurecimento da competência moral dos agentes públicos brasileiros, tendo como objetivo indicar proposições para uma ética administrativa pós-convencional na Administração Pública. Argumenta-se que, ainda que os agentes públicos entendam seu papel junto ao interesse público, essa consciência pode não ser suficiente para ter a competência moral necessária para agir frente aos dilemas. Para tanto, busca-se uma Ética em favor da capacidade do agente público atuar como formulador de políticas e fazer julgamentos, por meio de sua competência moral. Como propostas que auxiliem na busca por um amadurecimento moral do agente público e ética pós-convencional na práxis, apresentam-se: a integração da ética descritiva e normativa no processo decisório; a virtude da phronesis e a busca pelo justo meio na tomada de decisão ética; e a educação ética para a ação moral a partir de casos reais de dilemas morais da Administração Pública.
Emigracja zarobkowa Polaków do Szkocji. Społeczne i kulturowe konteksty adaptacji
Authors: Biernat Tomasz , Krakowiak Piotr , Leszniewski Tomasz
Published: October 2024

The presented monograph is of an interdisciplinary nature, as it takes into account the historical, sociological, pedagogical and economic perspectives of Polish economic emigration in Scotland. It presents the specificity and socio-cultural and economic conditions of their adaptation to new conditions and problems related to it, as well as identity dilemmas resulting from functioning in a multicultural society.  As the authors, we hope that the book will be of interest to emigration researchers, students of social sciences and people concerned with this issue,e.g. social politicians and social workers or activists of Polonia’s organisations. We tried to present the multidimensional world of contemporary emigrants and explain the reasons for their life choices. They are, to some extent, suspended between different realities, which they perceive, experience and value differently. Migration is always associated with an attempt to connect them and give them meaning.
La energía solar: ¿Un nuevo uso ordinario del medio rural? Ocupación de suelos agrícolas en el sur de España.
Authors: Pérez-Pérez Belén , Díaz-Cuevas Pilar , Martín Peinado Francisco José
Published: October 2024

La necesidad de cumplir con los objetivos europeos para sustituir las fuentes de energías no renovables por fuentes de energía renovable está llevando a la ocupación de suelos en el ámbito rural. En este contexto, los municipios de carácter eminentemente agrario encuentran que sus suelos están desprotegidos ante el modelo en el que se está basando la actual transición energética. Este trabajo analiza la distribución de las instalaciones solares fotovoltaicas y térmicas en Andalucía de más de 10 MW, la capacidad de uso de los suelos sobre los que se encuentran y los cambios de uso, para conocer si se han producido pérdidas de suelos de mayor capacidad. Los resultados muestran la desigual distribución de estas instalaciones en Andalucía, encontrando que estas se ubican en 52 de los 785 municipios andaluces. Asimismo, el 69,6% de las plantas solares fotovoltaicas y el 90,9% de las termosolares ocupan suelos catalogados como con buena capacidad de uso (categorías S1 y S2), lo que supone una importante pérdida de tierras productivas. Se establece la necesidad de que las administraciones responsables desarrollen normativas específicas que hagan compatible las necesidades energéticas con la preservación de los suelos agrícolas.
Análisis participativo del colonialismo energético en la provincia de Granada (España).
Authors: Matarán Ruíz Alberto , Sánchez Contreras Josefa , Villodres Ramírez Luis , Jiménez Martín Celia , Gámez Rodríguez Guillermo , Martín Pérez Rafael , Campos-Celador Álvaro
Published: October 2024

La crisis energética y la emergencia climática, así como las tensiones geopolíticas asociadas a la guerra de Ukrania y al genocidio que intensificó en el 2023 el estado de Israel en Palestina, están repercutiendo en la política y economía global, siendo una de sus expresiones la aceleración de la transición energética en los países que conforman la Unión Europea. No obstante, lo que se promueve como una transición energética se está manifestando en la instauración de megaproyectos eólicos y fotovoltaicos sobre los territorios periféricos del continente y sobre todo de los estados del sur. Para analizar este fenómeno hemos recurrido a la categoría de colonialismo energético, la misma que en otras investigaciones hemos caracterizado en seis dimensiones que nos permiten sistematizar los casos de estudio. En este artículo se presenta un análisis participativo del despliegue de megaproyectos de energía renovable en la provincia de Granada, un territorio periférico del sudeste español. Los resultados obtenidos debaten sobre las dinámicas coloniales que priman en el despliegue de megaproyectos renovables y además sugiere metodologías participativas para arribar a una transición energética decolonial. Palabras clave colonialismo energético, megaproyectos renovables, transición energética corporativa, territorios, metodologías participativas, Granada. analysis of the deployment of renewable energy megaprojects in the province of Granada, a peripheral territory in southeastern Spain. The results obtained debate the colonial dynamics that prevail in the deployment of renewable megaprojects and also suggest participatory methodologies to achieve a decolonial energy transition.
El cáñamo como material ecosostenible en la arquitectura actual. Alternativas de empleo, casos de estudio y reflexión sobre sus usos.
Authors: Muñoz Pérez Laura
Published: October 2024

Este artículo se dedica al empleo reciente del cáñamo, fibra vegetal (re)descubierta para la arquitectura actual. Asimismo, plantea una reflexión general sobre la idoneidad de este tipo de recursos, su potencial a explorar y su sostenibilidad a largo plazo. El cultivo del cáñamo es milenario y, en calidad de tal, sus peculiaridades, fortalezas y debilidades son bien conocidas. Su empleo como material arquitectónico es más reciente y sigue una trayectoria de uso ascendente, derivada de los beneficios que comporta a nivel técnico (fisicoquímico y estructural), económico o ecológico. El estudio y la atención al cannabis como ecomaterial son las razones de este trabajo, que pretende contribuir a atender a sus peculiaridades –a través de una selección de ejemplos constructivos–, a subrayar sus aptitudes, a recorrer sus características y también a calibrar sus posibles limitaciones y los riesgos que su falta de bagaje histórico en arquitectura pueda provocar en un futuro próximo.
Justicia procedimental en el desarrollo de energías renovables en España. La experiencia de la Asociación Defensa Valle Esgueva.
Authors: Fraile del Río Elena
Published: October 2024

Los proyectos de energías renovables, aunque son necesarios para combatir el cambio climático, deben ser implementados de manera sostenible y respetuosa con el entorno y la población local. El punto de vista adoptado en el desarrollo de este artículo destaca la necesidad de gobernanza y cultura participativa para tratar de minimizar los impactos negativos de los proyectos energéticos en la naturaleza, en los paisajes y en las culturas locales, en términos de justicia ambiental, social y procedimental. Pone en relieve la importancia de la movilización vecinal por el derecho al territorio ante los desarrollos exógenos y en la necesidad de que las administraciones públicas promuevan políticas de Ordenación del Territorio. Esto implica una planificación que considere la participación social y ciudadana en la toma de decisiones. Las fuentes empleadas son bibliográficas, informes, documentación administrativa pública y de datos de observación directa. Se centra en un entorno territorial concreto, el valle Esgueva en la provincia de Valladolid, Castilla y León, donde el papel de la Asociación Defensa Valle Esgueva, su participación activa y su capacidad para movilizar a la ciudadanía demuestran la importancia de construir herramientas de democracia directa e intervención ciudadana en la toma de decisiones.
Los hornos cerámicos de Panamá Viejo.
Authors: Mendizábal Tomás , Pourcelot Jean-Sébastien , Mojica Alexis
Published: October 2024

El sitio arqueológico de Panamá Viejo (1519-1671) se reconoce como un centro de producción de cerámicas que tuvieron una amplia distribución en el continente americano. Sin embargo, aparte de las evidencias de su abundante producción, no se habían documentado en detalle sus alfares. Entre 2015 y 2016 se descubrieron y excavaron los restos de dos hornos cerámicos en el sitio. Uno de ellos es un horno bicameral de tiro semi-horizontal, con una hoguera circular unida mediante un canal a un laboratorio cuadrangular, estructura sin precedentes morfológicos ni funcionales en la literatura arqueológica hispanoamericana; el otro sigue el estilo “árabe”, con planta circular y tiro vertical. La estratigrafía y los restos materiales encontrados apuntan a que se trata de un alfar que pudo haber producido mayormente cerámica sin esmalte, aunque las perturbaciones post-deposicionales dificultan una interpretación certera. Estos hornos pertenecían al barrio alfarero de Panamá Viejo, que contaba con varios talleres que fueron reportados en estudios previos que no pudieron ofrecer más que evidencia circunstancial de su existencia. Presentamos aquí pruebas contundentes de la presencia de los alfares y de la manufactura local de cerámicas, siendo la primera vez que se documentan de manera completa hornos en el sitio.
“Banderas de nuestros padres”. Arqueología y campos de batalla intergeneracionales en las guerras civiles españolas (1833-1939).
Authors: Martín-Echebarria Gorka
Published: October 2024

Varias excavaciones arqueológicas en Bizkaia (País Vasco) han podido comprobar la superposición material existente entre contextos de las guerras carlistas (1833-1840 y 1872-1876) y de la Guerra Civil española (1936-1939). La constatación de esta dinámica, por un lado, nos ofrece una perspectiva de estudio comparativo de gran interés. Por otro, también nos provee de una oportunidad para reflexionar, repensar y (re)negociar estos sucesos traumáticos desde una óptica diferente. En este trabajo se exploran todas estas cuestiones: comenzamos con una introducción a la cuestión de investigación; a continuación, se detalla el marco teórico-metodológico del trabajo; seguidamente, se analizan cuatro casos de estudio y finalizamos con un apartado de discusión y unas conclusiones sobre materialidad, memoria y patrimonio disonante.
Performance and safety of transparent postoperative dressings with silicone adhesive in daily practice on fragile skin
Authors: Degenhardt Andreas , Reinbold Thomas , Weinhardt Christoph
Published: October 2024

Objective:

Currently there is limited real-world research on the adhesion qualities, pain and clinical performance of specific silicone adhesives products, and their role in maintaining skin integrity and preventing medical adhesive-related skin injuries (MARSI). This paper presents a clinical evaluation of performance and safety parameters of two silicone adhesive dressings on lacerations or surgical wounds and the surrounding skin in daily practice on fragile skin.

Method:

An observational, prospective, multicentre, uncontrolled post-market clinical observational study with Leukomed T skin sensitive and Leukomed T plus skin sensitive (both BSN medical GmbH, Essity Group) was undertaken at three sites across Germany between June 2021 to November 2022. Inclusion parameters were acute wounds (surgical or laceration) in patients with at least one fragile skin condition. Endpoints included: the percentage of adhered dressing area seven days after application of the dressings; and evaluation of any signs of skin damage and erythema following dressing removal. Furthermore, self-reported patient pain, comfort during dressing wear, and the health professionals’ ease of dressing handling with gloves were assessed.

Results:

A total of 42 patients with fragile skin and surgical wounds (35 patients) or lacerations (7 patients) were recruited. Mean age was 78 years. There were no signs of erythema following dressing removal and no MARSI (skin stripping, blister, skin tears, maceration, irritant contact dermatitis or allergic dermatitis) occurred at removal after seven days of wear time. Data demonstrated a reliable wound coverage with sufficient adhesion without negatively affecting the periwound skin and wound improvement was observed in 94% of patients. The vast majority of patients reported minimal pain at removal, reduced wound pain and high satisfaction with wearing comfort. Health professionals found the dressings easy to apply and remove, even with gloved hands.

Conclusion:

The results of this real-world evidence showed effective and well-tolerated use of transparent dressings with silicone adhesive in patients with fragile skin. The dressings may reduce the risk of skin damage including MARSI, while providing patients a high wearing comfort and allowing an almost pain-free dressing change.
A New Grey Prediction Model and Its Application in Renewable Energy Consumption
Authors: Ge Bi , Shang Zhenyan
Published: October 2024

Renewable energy is an energy resource that can be used continuously. At present, international oil prices continue to rise, the problem of global climate change is becoming increasingly prominent, and renewable energy and clean energy have ushered in a new round of development opportunities. Based on the new gray prediction model, this paper forecasts the consumption of renewable energy and further analyzes the sustainable development of renewable energy. In this paper, the combinatorial optimization method of cumulative order, background value coefficient, and initial conditions, parameter optimization combination, parameter combinatorial optimization process of the gray prediction model, and parameter optimization mechanism based on the PSO algorithm are proposed, and the reduction error analysis is carried out. The consumption of wind power and photovoltaic renewable energy is forecasted, and three different forecasting methods as exponential smoothing method, time series analysis method, and new gray forecasting method are compared, and the wind speed, irradiation intensity, and load are forecasted by these three different forecasting methods. Compared with the time series analysis method and the exponential smoothing method, the RMSE of the new grey prediction method is reduced by 127.12% and 160.59%, and the error rate is reduced by 3.16% and 4%, respectively. Based on the consumption forecast of renewable energy, this paper analyzes its sustainability from three directions economy, resource supply, and environment, and finally gives energy policy recommendations.
Socialist Modernist Worldmaking: Yugoslav Interventions in the International Humanitarian Debates in the 1970s
Authors: Brković Čarna
Published: October 2024

Abstract: The Red Cross of Yugoslavia invited the International Red Cross Movement in the 1970s to reconsider its humanitarian principles and include perspectives from the countries belonging to the Non-Aligned Movement. The organization created an alternative humanitarian imaginary that partly challenged and partly reproduced the premises of the humanitarian sector in the West. This largely forgotten episode in the history of humanitarianism presented an attempt at worldmaking, not of a world free from the coloniality/modernity nexus, but of a socialist modernist world that was in many aspects different from the one that had been built since the 1970s.
Asymptotic behavior of the reflectance of a narrow beam by a plane-parallel slab
Authors: Ilan Boaz , Kim Arnold D.
Published: October 2024

We consider the radiative transfer of a finite width collimated beam incident normally on a plane-parallel slab composed of a uniform absorbing and scattering medium. This problem is fundamental for modeling and interpreting non-invasive measurements of light backscattered by a multiple scattering medium. Assuming that the beam width is the smallest length scale in the problem, we introduce a perturbation method to determine the asymptotic expansion for the solution of this problem. Using this asymptotic expansion, we determine the leading asymptotic behavior of the reflectance. This result includes the influence integral, which gives the influence of the phase function on the leading asymptotic behavior of the reflectance. We validate this asymptotic theory using a novel implementation of the Monte Carlo method that is fully vectorized to run efficiently in MATLAB. We evaluate the usefulness of this asymptotic behavior for different phase functions and show that it provides valuable insight into the influence of the phase function on spatially resolved non-invasive measurements of light backscattered by a multiple scattering medium.
Plasmonic gold-enhanced GaAs for femtosecond laser generation
Authors: Li Xiang , Qiao Feihong , Dou Xinhe , Shi Yazhou , Lv Zhiguo
Published: October 2024

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) can significantly enhance the local electromagnetic fields, facilitating the interaction between light and matter at the nanoscale. However, its ultrafast photonics application in lasers remains unexplored, especially for femtosecond pulsed laser generation. In this work, we investigate the femtosecond pulse generation based on SPR-enhanced nonlinear absorption characteristics in GaAs for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The gold nanoparticles (GNPs)+GaAs bilayer saturation absorber (SA) decorated on the tapered fiber generates a modulation depth of 2.02% and a saturable intensity of 3.13 MW/cm2. Stable mode-locked pulses can be obtained in an erbium-doped fiber cavity, as demonstrated here. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the pulses is 75 dB and the shortest pulse duration can reach 384 fs, highlighting the potential of the SPR effect in manufacturing ultrafast optical devices.
Bandwidth-aware fast inverse lithography technology using Nesterov accelerated gradient
Authors: Chen Wensheng , Ma Xu , Zhang Shengen
Published: October 2024

Inverse lithography technology (ILT) is a leading-edge method for improving the resolution and image fidelity of optical lithography systems in semiconductor manufacturing. However, the massive computational complexity of ILT presents the inherent runtime bottleneck, which hinders its application to the large-scale lithography layouts. This paper innovates a fast ILT method by reducing both of the inherent algorithmic complexity and the required iteration number. Based on the diffraction-limited nature of optical lithography system, a bandwidth-aware acceleration approach is applied to reduce the calculation complexities of the forward imaging model and inverse gradient computation in each ILT iteration. In addition, a carefully designed algorithm based on the Nesterov accelerated gradient (NAG) is developed to achieve nearly quadratic convergence rate, thereby reducing the total number of iterations required to obtain the optimal solution. Numerical experiments show that the proposed method can improve the speed by hundreds of times over the traditional gradient-based ILT algorithms without sacrificing accuracy.
Unidirectional scattering and displacement sensing in V-shape nanoantennas
Authors: Zhang Zhaokun , Zhu Zhihong
Published: October 2024

Nanoscale manipulation of optical fields, particularly for achieving unidirectional scattering, is crucial for the advancement of photonic technologies. Traditional approaches to unidirectional scattering involving vector beams and metallic structures have largely relied on multimers and the interactions between electric dipoles. Here, we introduce a theoretically novel method that leverages a single Au V-shaped antenna and azimuthally polarized beam to achieve transverse unidirectional scattering predominantly governed by electric dipole-quadrupole interactions. This unidirectional scattering phenomenon is preserved despite positional variations of the V-antenna within the light field, with scattering intensity distributions being highly position-dependent. Building on these insights, we developed a composite system of two oppositely oriented V-antennas, enabling transverse displacement sensing over a range of 250 nm (∼0.38λ) in the visible spectrum. This work not only enhances optical manipulation capabilities in metallic nanoantennas but also introduces innovative strategies for transverse displacement sensing with a substantial measurement range in the visible spectrum, underscoring significant potential for diverse applications.
Thermo-optic tuning of quasi bound state in continuum in lithium niobate thin film hetero-nanograting
Authors: Deng Shiyao , Li Yang , Ma Xiao , Wang Libo , Luo Kaiwen , Xu Weikang , Wei Yuming , Yang Tiefeng , Guan Heyuan , Lu Huihui
Published: October 2024

Lithium niobate (LN) is difficult to etch precisely due to its stable physical and chemical properties. In recent years, more and more research has focused on etchless thin film lithium niobate (TFLN). Here, a one-dimensional SiO2 nanograting structure fabricated on lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) platform is designed in this study. This nanograting can generate one-dimensional diffraction waves. Then quasi-bound state in the continuum (q-BIC) can be introduced by aligning with the waveguide mode supported by the TFLN, which can achieve a high-quality factor and strong field enhancement, thus improving the interaction between light and matter. Furthermore, we validate the polarization characteristics of the nanograting structure, and measure the thermo-optical tuning sensitivity of the device to be 26.67 pm/K. This finding opens up potential avenues for realizing multi-dimensional tunable and dynamic photonic devices.
Adaptive range gating based on variational Bayesian inference for space debris ranging with spaceborne single-photon LiDAR
Authors: Tian Yuan , Hu Xiaodong , Zhao Yixin , Zhang Xuan , Wang Dingjie , Chen Songmao , Hao Wei , Xie Meilin , Su Xiuqin
Published: October 2024

To enhance the accuracy of space debris localization, spaceborne single-photon LiDAR (SSPL) presents a promising technique for accurate target ranging. Extended Kalman filtering (EKF) plays a crucial role in range gating under high dynamic and nonlinear motion conditions of space debris, ensuring accurate state estimation and prior distance data. However, unknown and time-varying statistics of process and measurement noise significantly degrade state estimation accuracy, posing risks of filter divergence and reduced photon reception, ultimately rendering range gating ineffective. To address this challenge, we propose an adaptive range gating method based on variational Bayesian adaptive extended Kalman filtering (ARG-VBAEKF). This method leverages variational Bayesian (VB) posterior approximation to estimate the joint distribution of state and noise. Simulation results demonstrate that ARG-VBAEKF achieves accurate state and noise estimation, thereby effectively enhancing range gating performance in SSPL-based space debris ranging.