bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LUPEOL VALIDATION AND QUANTIFICATION IN HETEROPOGON CONTORTUS (L.) BEAUV. (SPEAR GRASS) THROUGH HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: Kaur Navjot , Gupta Raghbir Chand
Published: December 2017

Objective: This is aimed to study the chromatographic evaluation of triterpenoid, i.e., lupeol from methanolic extracts of leaves, stem, and inflorescence of Heteropogon contortus.Methods: The high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) densitometry determination of lupeol was performed using optimized mobile phase toluene:methanol:formic acid (7:3:0.3 v/v) with a derivatization of freshly prepared anisaldehyde-sulfuric acid. For densitometry measurements, the plates were scanned at 530 nm absorbance/reflectance wavelength. Quantification of lupeol marker compound in H. contortus leaves, stem, and inflorescence is estimated using 2-12 μg/spot.Results: The appearance of light purple bands on the chromatograms confirmed the lupeol component in plant samples. Further, the confirmation of the compound is done from the densitometric scanning by comparing λmax values. From this, it is reported that lupeol is present in leaf samples, i.e., 10 mg/g of dry wt., while in rest of the two samples, it is found absent.Conclusion: The leaves of H. contortus (spear grass) are a good source of lupeol and can be used as an alternate natural source to synthesize herbal drugs to control cancer and other anti-inflammatory agents. The presently selected HPTLC is validated and most accurate for the quantification and identification of lupeol present in the selected plant. The leaves of the species which are rich in lupeol can be used in pharmaceutical industry.
ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE TOWARD DISPOSAL OF EXPIRED DRUGS AMONG MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS IN CHENNAI - A CROSS-SECTIONAL PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Arunachalam Umamageswari , Mv Guru Scindia , S Priestly Vivekkumar , R Geetha
Published: December 2017

Objective: Proper disposal of expired drugs can avoid drug abuse, drug diversion, environmental contamination, and accidental poisoning by children and animals. Our study was aimed to assess the knowledge and practice toward disposal of expired drugs among medical professionals.Methods: After obtaining verbal consent, a self-administered pretested questionnaire was given to tutors, junior resident, senior resident, assistant professors, associate professors, and professors of Tagore Medical and Dental College and Hospital. The questionnaire has two parts; part one includes demographic details of the study participants, and part two comprises questions, regarding their awareness, knowledge, and practice toward disposal of expired drugs. Data were described as a percentage and analyzed using Sigma Graphpad prism version-5 and Microsoft Excel 2007.Results: A total of 156 medical professionals participated in the study. Among them, 85 were males and 71 were females, whereas 123 (78.8%) were medical and 33 (21.2%) were dental faculties. It was observed that 74.3% of respondents check the expiry date of the drug always and 62.2% said the drug loses its therapeutic effect after the expiry date. Analyzing the method to dispose the expired drugs, 77.6% throw in their household dustbins, 2.6% flush in toilets, 19.2% return to the pharmacist, and 4.5% bury. One-fourth of the medical professionals not aware about environmental hazards due to improper disposal and also believe they do not cause any harm. 64% of preferred pharmacist would be the appropriate person to inform about proper disposal of drugs.Conclusion: This study shows lacunae in the knowledge and practice about proper disposal of expired drugs and recommends discussion regarding improper disposal and its consequences in various health programs.
STOOL FORM SCALE AS AN INDICATOR OF KLUTUK BANANA (MUSA BALBISIANA COLLA) FRUIT EXTRACTS INHIBITION EFFECT AGAINST SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE ATCC 13313 IN VIVO
Authors: Kusuma Sri Agung Fitri , Wardhani Puspagita , Febrina Ellin
Published: December 2017

Objective: Stools consistency is a common symptom indicating in dysenteriae. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of the klutuk banana fruit extract that determine different degrees of stool consistency in dysentery induced by Shigella dysenteriae ATCC 13313.Methods: The extraction of klutuk banana fruits was prepared using a maceration method. The antidysenteriae activity of the klutuk banana extract was evaluated in vivo. The specific pathogen-free mice were intraperitoneally injected with S. dysentriae suspension cell. Observations were made for 7 days on body weight of mice, total fecal weight every 24 hrs and consistency of stool. The level of stool consistency was measured based on Bristol Stool Chart. Results: The results indicated that the body weight of each group was decreased the day after induction and the stool consistency was at level 5-6. However, both test groups could achieve the ideal type of stool (type 4) in the same period of time as a group with ciprofloxacin treatment.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the ethanol extract of klutuk banana fruits is highly potent as natural antidysenteriae against S. dysenteriae.
CHEMOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF EDIBLE GASTROPOD, XANCUS PYRUM AND ITS USEFULNESS IN THE AMELIORATION OF CISPLATIN-INDUCED TOXICITY
Authors: Jayaprakash Bindhu , Renitta Emilin , Renitta Emilin
Published: December 2017

Objective: The main purpose of this study was to evaluate chemoprotective activities of methanolic extracts of an edible gastropod (Xancus pyrum) in cisplatin-induced immunosuppressed mice.Methods: Cisplatin (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [IP]) induced immunosuppressed mice were treated with a methanolic extract of X. pyrum (0.5 mg/dose/animal/IP) for a period of 10 days. The effect of the extract on lymphoid organ weight, bone marrow cellularity (BMC), alpha esterase activity, and on enzyme levels such as serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, urea, and creatinine was estimated to identify the chemoprotective activity of X. pyrum.Results: Administration of X. pyrum extract in cisplatin-treated mice, found to enhance the BMC and alpha-esterase positive cells, which were drastically reduced in cisplatin alone treated control animals suggests that cisplatin-induced myelosuppression was reversed or inhibited by X. pyrum extract administration possibly through its chemoprotective activity.Conclusion: Cisplatin and its metabolites can bind to DNA, causing damage that may result in chromosome breaks, micronucleus formation and cell death. Administration of X. pyrum extract in cisplatin-treated mice, found to enhance the BMC and alpha-esterase positive cells, which were drastically reduced in cisplatin alone treated control animals suggests that cisplatin-induced myelosuppression was reversed or inhibited by X. pyrum extract administration possibly through its chemoprotective activity.
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS INFECTIONS AND THEIR ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PROFILE AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Ofulah Anthony N , Vishwanath Shashidhar , Vishwanath Shashidhar , Banerjee Barnini , Vishwanath Shashidhar , Chawla Kiran , Banerjee Barnini , Banerjee Barnini , Chawla Kiran , Chawla Kiran
Published: December 2017

Objective: Staphylococcus aureus remains an important bacterial pathogen causing diverse infections which are both nosocomial and community acquired. Increasing resistance among S. aureus to various antibiotics is a cause of concern.Methods: A prospective observational study of 4 months duration was conducted to analyze the spectrum of infections caused by S. aureus and to study its antimicrobial resistance to commonly used antibiotics. Specimens from various clinical sites received in the laboratory for culture and sensitivity were processed as per standard techniques. Identification and susceptibility testing of S. aureus isolates were done using automated systems.Results: A total of 234 S. aureus isolates were obtained during the study period. Males accounted for 70.1% (n=164) of patients with S. aureus infections. These patients were uniformly distributed across all age groups. S. aureus was most commonly isolated from pus and exudates (64.5%) followed by respiratory specimens (20.5%) and mainly cultured from the skin and soft tissue infections (56%). Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) accounted for 47% (n=110) of isolates. Higher rates of susceptibility were noted for tetracycline (95.3%), gentamicin (85.4%), and trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole (88%). Low susceptibility rate was seen for ciprofloxacin (11.2%). Inducible clindamycin resistance was seen in 22.4% (n=50) isolates. Methicillin-sensitive S. aureus isolates were found to be more susceptible to non-beta lactam antibiotics than the methicillin-resistant isolates.Conclusion: A high frequency of MRSA was found in our study. Regular surveillance of antimicrobial resistance profile of this most frequent pathogen is necessary to aid in providing appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EFFICACY AND SAFETY AMONG METFORMIN WITH SITAGLIPTIN, METFORMIN WITH VOGLIBOSE, AND METFORMIN WITH GLIMEPIRIDE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: P Kala , R Jamuna Rani , Js Kumar
Published: December 2017

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a most common metabolic disorder. The present study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety among metformin with sitagliptin, metformin with voglibose, and metformin with glimepiride in patients with type 2 DM. Methods: This study was a prospective, randomized clinical trial study, conducted in patients attending the diabetology outpatient department of SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Potheri, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, from January 2013 to January 2014. The patients were randomized into three groups with 40 patients in each group. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2 hrs postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level were assessed in all the patients before starting the treatment. In Group I, patients were prescribed metformin 500 mg with sitagliptin 50 mg, in Group II, patients were given metformin 500 mg with voglibose 0.2 mg, and in Group III, patients were put on metformin 500 mg with glimepiride 1 mg in the fixed combination. The outcome of the therapy was based on the level of improvement in the blood parameters. Results: There was a significant reduction of FPG level seen in all three groups (p value - Group I <0.0001, Group II < 0.005, and Group III <0.0001). Group I and III showed significant reduction of PPG with p value <0.0001. There was a significant reduction of HbA1c seen in all the three groups (p<0.0001). Conclusion: From the results of this study, it could be concluded that all the three groups were comparable in their efficacy.
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CAMELLIA MISTLETOE (KORTHALSELLA JAPONICA) EXTRACTS
Authors: Kim Min Young
Published: December 2017

Objective: This study was aimed to analyze the methanol or ethanol extract of Camellia mistletoe (Korthalsella japonica) growing in Jeju Island, Korea, for their composition of phenolics, flavonoids, and their antioxidant activity.Methods: Total flavonoid, total carotenoid and L-ascorbic acid contents were determined by using colorimetric assays, and the antioxidant attributes of the methanol and Camellia mistletoe extracts were assayed using in vitro models, including the following: Free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, O2-• and NO•)scavenging, reducing power, and chelating ferrous ions.Results: Total flavonoid, total carotenoid and L-ascorbic acid contents were 20.3 and 14.9 mg RE/100 g, 4.4 and 1.7 mg/100 g, and 0.4 and 1.4 mg AA/100 g in the methanol and ethanol extracts of Camellia mistletoe, respectively. Based on IC50 values, both extracts were also found to possess potent antioxidant activities.Conclusions: Camellia mistletoe extracts could be the good antioxidant source and holds promise as a natural ingredient in functional food and pharmaceutical supplement.
DETERMINATION OF 5H-BENZO[2,3][1,4]OXAZEPINO[5,6-B]INDOLES IN RAT PLASMA BY REVERSED-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC-ULTRAVIOLET METHOD: APPLICATION TO PHARMACOKINETIC STUDIES
Authors: Singh Ashok K , Raj Vinit , Rai Amit , Keshari Amit K , Kumar Pranesh , Saha Sudipta
Published: December 2017

Objective: Recently, we reported newly synthesized 5H-benzo[2,3][1,4]oxazepino[5,6-b]indole) derivatives and proved their cytotoxicity against hepatocellular carcinoma specific Hep-G2 cell lines. We attempted herein to describe a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of three most active compounds 6a, 10a, and 15a in rat plasma to predict their pharmacokinetics parameters before in vivo study.Methods: A rapid and sensitive reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic was employed for the determination of 6a, 10a, and 15a in rat plasma. Each compound was separated by a gradient elution of acetonitrile and water with 1 mL/min flow rate. The detector was set at 270, 285, and 275 nm for 6a, 10a, and 15a and the recorded elution times were 2.00, 2.87, and 1.88 min, respectively.Results: The calibration curve was linear with R2 of 0.938, 0.875, and 0.923 over the concentration range of 0.1–50 μg/mL. The inter- and intra-day variations of the assay were lower than 12.26%; the average recovery of 6a, 10a, and 15a was 97.31, 92.56, and 95.23 % with relative standard deviation of 2.12%, 3.25%, and 2.28%, respectively. The Cmax and Tmax were ~ 46.34, 18.56, and 25.65 μg/mL and 2.0, 4.0, and 4.0 h for 6a, 10a, and 15a, respectively, which indicate a robust method of detection in the present experiment.Conclusion: The study suggests that all of the three compounds have a lower rate of absorption, higher volume of distribution, and lower clearance rate, indicating good therapeutic response for in vivo activity.
PRODUÇÃO DE ENFERMAGEM SOBRE PARADA CÁRDIO RESPIRATÓRIA: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Marques Patrícia Figueiredo , Torres Moisés Teixeira , Sousa Maize Alves de , Costa Valdília Santos
Published: December 2017

A parada cardíaca, evento que promove a cessação da atividade mecânica cardíaca, é responsável por morbimortalidade elevada, mesmo quando o atendimento ocorre de forma ideal. Este artigo objetivou analisar a produção de conhecimento da enfermagem sobre parada cardíaca em ambiente hospitalar. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa que utilizou as bases de dados LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE e como critérios de inclusão os artigos estarem em língua portuguesa, com resumo, textos completos e on-line no período de 2006 a 2013. Foram excluídos trabalhos repetidos que divergiam dos objetivos e da análise proposta. Após leitura e avaliação, foram elencados 12 trabalhos que referenciavam a temática a ser apresentada. Os resultados demonstraram que 5 (41,6%) desses artigos buscaram implementar e/ou avaliar resultados referentes às capacitações sobre ressuscitação cardiopulmonar, 4 (33,3%) objetivavam avaliar o conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem sobre reconhecimento da parada cardíaca e reanimação conforme protocolos, 2 discutiam as recomendações internacionais sobre atendimento da parada cardíaca do ano de 2005 e 2010, respectivamente, e 1 avaliou a produção científica sobre parada cardíaca entre 1997 e 2007. Concluiu-se que a produção de conhecimento da enfermagem sobre parada cardíaca em ambiente hospitalar estava relacionada à importância da capacitação e da educação permanente, não sendo encontrados artigos sobre o papel da equipe de enfermagem nesse atendimento.

Palavras-chave: Parada cardíaca. Enfermagem. Capacitação.
ANÁLISE DE RISCOS À SAÚDE DE PACIENTES DE GRUPOS DE TABAGISMO SEGUNDO A CARGA TABÁGICA
Authors: Hermeto Edyr Marcelo Costa , Cunha Silvana Pacheco , Ito Lucas Costa , Da Silva Nágela Maria , Frota Felipe Bezerra
Published: December 2017

O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar os fatores de riscos à saúde de pacientes em tratamento antitabagismo segundo a carga tabágica. Tratou-se de estudo do tipo transversal e retrospectivo mediante a avaliação dos prontuários de pacientes vinculados no Grupo de Antitabagismo do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial – Álcool e Drogas da Secretaria Regional II (SR II) da cidade de Fortaleza, Ceará. Foram analisados 191 prontuários de pacientes admitidos entre fevereiro de 2011 e fevereiro de 2014. Os resultados informaram que 131 pacientes são do sexo feminino, perfazendo 68,6% da amostra; e 60 pacientes do sexo masculino, totalizando 31,4% da amostra. A carga tabágica média para o sexo feminino foi de 42 maços ano. As mulheres procuravam mais a assistência à saúde, sendo o maior percentual da amostra. Concluiu-se que a elevada ou baixa carga tabágica concorre para a incidência de doenças cardiovasculares e pulmonares e, portanto, apresenta-se como fator de risco à saúde, principalmente quanto ao desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e cânceres.

Palavras-chave: Tabagismo. Carga tabágica. Grupo de tabagismo.
CARACTERÍSTICAS CLÍNICO-EPIDEMIOLÓGICAS DE CÂNCER DE MAMA EM PACIENTES DE UNIDADE DE ALTA COMPLEXIDADE EM ONCOLOGIA
Authors: Gusmão Elizabete Neta dos Santos , Macena Tharcilla Nascimento da Silva , Fortuna Jorge Luiz
Published: December 2017

O câncer de mama figura como uma das patologias que mais atinge a população feminina no mundo. Este trabalho objetivou identificar as características clínico-epidemiológicas e subtipos do câncer de mama mais frequente em pacientes atendidas pela Unidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia de Teixeira de Freitas, Bahia, Brasil, no período de 2010 a 2012. Realizou-se estudo transversal do tipo descritivo-quantitativo e os dados obtidos foram verificados pelo teste de Análise de Variância e o teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Foram analisados 122 prontuários de mulheres diagnosticadas e submetidas a tratamento de câncer de mama. Os resultados apontaram que o tipo histológico mais frequente foi ductal (71,31%) e a gradação histológica II a mais recorrente (47,54%). Em 55,75% dos casos, os tumores foram classificados como ≥IIB e em 41,80% das pacientes havia comprometimento linfonodal. O subtipo de câncer mamário predominante foi Luminal A (36,07%) e os subtipos triplo-negativos foram mais frequentes em pacientes com idade inferior a 43 anos. O intervalo temporal entre o diagnóstico e o início de tratamento foi de 3,7 meses em 52,24%. Concluiu-se que os resultados são compatíveis com a literatura, no que se refere às características clinico-epidemiológicas e ao subtipo de carcinoma mamário mais frequente (Luminal A), que apresenta o melhor prognóstico, quando comparado com os demais. Entretanto, o diagnóstico e o início do tratamento das pacientes pesquisadas não ocorreram precocemente.

Palavras-chave: Carcinoma mamário. Epidemiologia. Imuno-histoquímica.
ENTRE OS NÓS DA REDE DE SAÚDE MENTAL: AS PRÁTICAS DE AGENTES COMUNITÁRIOS DE SAÚDE
Authors: Silva Maria Angélica Carneiro da , Aguiar Maria Geralda Gomes , Moreira Thais Diniz Santos
Published: December 2017

A Reforma Psiquiátrica apontou novas formas de cuidado em saúde mental mediante a desinstitucionalização da loucura e a criação de uma rede substitutiva de saúde mental no território. O cuidado integral às pessoas com transtornos psíquicos no contexto das ações comunitárias requer a articulação dos dispositivos que compõem a atenção básica, sobretudo a Estratégia de Saúde da Família. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as práticas de cuidado do agente comunitário de saúde junto às pessoas com transtornos psíquicos na perspectiva da integralidade. Tratou-se de pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa realizada com sete agentes comunitários de saúde de uma Estratégia de Saúde da Família de Feira de Santana, Bahia, mediante entrevista semiestruturada. Os resultados evidenciaram que as práticas de cuidado dos agentes comunitários de saúde à pessoa com transtorno psíquico abrangem o uso de tecnologias leves, como o acolhimento e o vínculo; e que o cuidado integral à pessoa com transtorno psíquico supõe uma comunicação efetiva com a família e a unidade de saúde num processo compartilhado, fortalecido pelo apoio matricial. Concluiu-se que as práticas dos agentes comunitários de saúde teciam o cuidado à pessoa com transtorno psíquico, eram fundadas na comunicação efetiva e na articulação entre comunidade e unidade de saúde e enfatizavam a negociação junto à equipe multidisciplinar na tomada de decisões.

Palavras-chave: Saúde mental. Estratégia de saúde da família. Agente comunitário de saúde. Integralidade em saúde.
CUIDADO À SAÚDE DA MULHER NA EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA: ABORDAGEM DE UMA EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Calil Luciane Noal , Fernandes Débora Schimitt Porto , Dos Santos Hübner Geana Silva , Buffon Andreia , Stüker Cezar Julia
Published: December 2017

Atividades de educação em saúde incentivam a prevenção, a detecção precoce de doenças e o desenvolvimento do autocuidado da população feminina, por meio do conhecimento e disponibilidade de exames preventivos. O objetivo deste artigo foi descrever a experiência das autoras no desenvolvimento de uma atividade de extensão interdisciplinar com disponibilização de consultas de enfermagem, que incluíram coleta do citopatológico, exame clínico das mamas e exames laboratoriais junto à população feminina universitária. Tratou-se de estudo transversal, descritivo envolvendo docentes, funcionários técnicos-administrativos (enfermeiros), alunos da Escola de Enfermagem e da Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Os resultados mostraram que foram realizadas 56 consultas de enfermagem, que incluíram coleta do citopatológico, exame clínico das mamas e exames laboratoriais. Concluiu-se que o projeto “Saúde da Mulher na Universidade” atingiu o objetivo principal de sensibilizar as mulheres quanto à importância da realização dos exames regulares e a adoção de medidas preventivas contra o desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas.

Palavras-chave: Saúde da mulher. Enfermagem em saúde comunitária. Teste de Papanicolau. Câncer de colo de útero.
CENTROS DE ATENÇÃO PSICOSSOCIAL DA BAHIA: VÍNCULOS EMPREGATÍCIOS
Authors: Bispo Juliana Costa , Molesini Joana Angélica Oliveira , Fernandes Pitta Ana Maria
Published: December 2017

O direito do trabalho regula as relações existentes entre empregados e empregadores. É estabelecido pela Constituição Federal, pela Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho e por leis esparsas. Um marco importante no sistema de saúde brasileiro é o processo de Reforma Psiquiátrica, que resultou na criação dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial, instituições destinadas a acolher pacientes com transtornos mentais severos, visando estimular sua integração social e familiar. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar as formas de vínculos empregatícios dos trabalhadores dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial do estado da Bahia. Trata- -se de uma abordagem quantitativa, sendo utilizados os dados secundários do projeto “Avaliar CAPS Nordeste”, que realizou uma avaliação da qualidade das práticas nesses centros no estado da Bahia e em mais quatro estados do Nordeste do país. Foi utilizada uma amostra de 95 centros baianos, tendo como variáveis analisadas: os tipos de Centros de Atenção Psicossocial, as categorias profissionais atuantes e os tipos de vínculos empregatícios. Os resultados informaram que a maior parte dos vínculos empregatícios nessas unidades do estado, em relação ao nível de formação do trabalhador, categoria profissional e tipo de Centro de Atenção Psicossocial, eram contratos emergenciais e/ou temporários. Concluiu-se que as formas de vínculos empregatícios dos trabalhadores dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial não lhes garantia proteção social, direitos trabalhistas e estabilidade no emprego, além de repercutir na adesão à terapia e na relação mais duradoura com os usuários.

Palavras-chave: Serviços de saúde mental. Trabalhadores da saúde. Mercado de trabalho.
Comparative study of the effect of bFGF and plasma rich in growth factors on cryopreserved multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow and tendon of rats
Authors: Volkovа N. , Yukhta M. , Goltsev A.
Published: December 2017

The purpose of study was to investigate in vitro effects of growth factors, known as cell proliferation stimulants, to determine the most suitable agent for enhancing the proliferation and migration activity of cryopreserved multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSCs) derived from bone marrow and tendon tissue.Materials and methods. MMSCs were obtained from bone marrow and tendon tissues of rats. Cryopreservation was carried out under the protection of 10 % DMSO with the addition of 20 % fetal bovine serum at a cooling rate of 1°C/min to -80°C and subsequent freeze in liquid nitrogen. During the cultivation of the cryopreserved MMSCs, basis fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and plasma rich in growth factors were used. The ability to proliferation (MTT assay), migration (in vitro scratch assay), and the synthesis of collagen type I (immunocytochemical study of collagen type I expression) were evaluated.Results. The use of plasma rich in growth factors contributes to increasing the ability of cryopreserved MMSCs from bone marrow to proliferate and migrate, associated with decreasing in the relative number of cells that express collagen type I. Cultures of cryopreserved MMSCs from the tendon tissue exhibit greater sensitivity to the bFGF compared to the plasma rich in growth factors that have a manifestation in the increasing of cell proliferation and migration ability.Conclusions. bFGF and plasma rich in growth factors can be used as stimulants for stromal cell cultures.
Anesthetic Management of a Patient With a History of Rhabdomyolysis for Dental Treatment
Authors: Terasaki Hitomi , Ito Shinichi
Published: December 2017

When general anesthesia is administered for patients considered at high risk for rhabdomyolysis, appropriate precautions are warranted. The use of suitable anesthetics, with attention to intravenous fluid management, electrolyte balance, respiration, and metabolism, should be addressed. We performed general anesthesia for dental treatment and biopsy for fibrous hyperplasia of the buccal mucosa in a patient with a history of rhabdomyolysis. We utilized thiamylal sodium, midazolam, rocuronium bromide, nitrous oxide, fentanyl, and remifentanil without using volatile anesthetics and propofol for this case. No complications of rhabdomyolysis were noted.
Retropharyngeal Dissection by Parker Flex-Tip Nasal Endotracheal Tube
Authors: Terumitsu Makoto , Hirahara Mikiko , Seo Kenji
Published: December 2017

Possible complications of nasotracheal intubation include injury to the nasal or pharyngeal mucosa. Dissection of the retropharyngeal tissue by the endotracheal tube is one of the rarer of the more severe complications. Previous studies have indicated that the Parker Flex-Tip (PFT) tracheal tube (Parker Medical, Highlands Ranch, Colo) reduces the incidence of mucosal injury. We experienced a case involving inadvertent retropharyngeal placement of a PFT tube in a 29-year-old patient during nasotracheal intubation under general anesthesia for elective dental treatment. Despite thermosoftening the PFT tube, expanding the nasal meatus, and ensuring gentle maneuvering, the tube intruded into the left retropharyngeal mucosa. However, the injury was not severe, and the only required treatment was the administration of antibiotics and corticosteroids. Even when a PFT tube is utilized, pharyngeal dissection is possible. When resistance is felt during passing of the PFT tube through the nasopharynx, an alternative method to overcome this resistance should be utilized.
Anesthetic Management in Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Yamamoto Toru , Miyazawa Noriko , Yamamoto Shinichi , Kawahara Hiroshi
Published: December 2017

We report on a morbidly obese 16-year-old boy (weight, 116 kg; height, 176 cm; body mass index, 35.5 kg/m2) with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy and a history of cerebral infarction, epilepsy, and severe mental retardation. The patient was scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia for multiple dental caries and entropion of the left eye. Preoperative examination results, including an electrocardiogram, were normal. No obvious cardiac function abnormalities were observed on echocardiography. Midazolam (10 mg) was administered orally as premedication 30 minutes before transfer to the operating room; however, the patient was uncooperative, and his body movements were difficult to control upon entering the operating room. This complicated our attempts to establish a peripheral intravenous line and necessitated volatile inhalational induction, followed by maintenance using total intravenous anesthesia. General anesthesia was used to minimize metabolic system stress. We did not use an infusion solution containing sodium lactate. The operation and subsequent clinical course until discharge were uneventful. Because aerobic metabolism is already compromised in patients with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, anesthetic management should be designed to avoid placing additional stress on the metabolic system.
Anesthetic Efficacy of Articaine and Lidocaine in a Primary Intraseptal Injection: A Prospective, Randomized Double-Blind Study
Authors: Bonar Tera , Nusstein John , Reader Al , Drum Melissa , Fowler Sara , Beck Mike
Published: December 2017

Additional studies are needed to evaluate intraseptal anesthesia in the mandibular first molar. The purpose of this study was to compare the anesthetic efficacy of a primary intraseptal injection of articaine and lidocaine, administered with a computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery (CCLAD) system, in asymptomatic mandibular first molars. Using a crossover design, 100 subjects randomly received intraseptal injections of 1.4 mL of 4% articaine and 2% lidocaine, both with 1:100,000 epinephrine, at 2 separate appointments. Injections were given in the interdental papillae, mesial (0.7 mL) and distal (0.7 mL) to the first molar. An electric pulp tester was used to test for pulpal anesthesia. Pain of injection, postoperative pain, and pulse rate were also evaluated. Data were statistically analyzed. Anesthetic success rate for the mandibular first molar was 32% for articaine and 30% for lidocaine, with no statistically significant difference (p = .8689) between the two. No significant differences were found between formulations for pain of injection. The intraseptal injection did not cause a clinically meaningful increase in pulse rate. Postoperative pain decreased each day with no significant differences between formulations. In conclusion, a primary intraseptal injection does not achieve a high success rate of pulpal anesthesia in the mandibular first molar.
Influence of Fasting Duration on Body Fluid and Hemodynamics
Authors: Tsukamoto Masanori , Hitosugi Takashi , Yokoyama Takeshi
Published: December 2017

Fasting before general anesthesia aims to reduce the volume and acidity of stomach contents, which reduces the risk of regurgitation and aspiration. Prolonged fasting for many hours prior to surgery could lead to unstable hemodynamics, however. Therefore, preoperative oral intake of clear fluids 2 hours prior to surgery is recommended to decrease dehydration without an increase in aspiration risk. In this study, we investigated the body fluid composition and hemodynamics of patients undergoing general anesthesia as the first case of the day versus the second subsequent case. We retrospectively reviewed the general anesthesia records of patients over 20 years old who underwent oral maxillofacial surgery. We investigated patient demographics, preoperative fasting time, anesthetic time, urine output, infusion volume, and opioid and vasopressor use. With respect to body fluid and hemodynamics, we extracted the data from the induction of anesthesia through 2 hours of anesthesia time. Thirty patients were suitable for this study. Patients were divided into 2 groups: patients who underwent surgery as the first case of the day (am group: n = 15) and patients who underwent surgery as the second case (pm group: n = 15). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in patient demographics. In the pm group, fasting time for a light meal (832 minutes) was significantly longer than for the am group (685 minutes), p = .005. In the pm group, fasting time for clear fluids (216 minutes) was also significantly longer than for the am group (194 minutes), p = .005. Body fluid composition was not significantly different between the 2 groups. In addition, cardiac parameters intraoperatively were stable. In the pm group, vasopressors were used in 4 patients at the induction of anesthesia (p = .01). There were not statistically significant changes in cardiac function or body fluid composition between patients treated as the first case of the day vs patients who underwent surgery with general anesthesia as the second case of the day.
Comparison of Anesthesia for Dental/Oral Surgery by Office-based Dentist Anesthesiologists versus Operating Room-based Physician Anesthesiologists
Authors: Saxen Mark A. , Urman Richard D. , Yepes Juan F. , Gabriel Rodney A. , Jones James E.
Published: December 2017

Few studies have examined the practice characteristics of dentist anesthesiologists and compared them to other anesthesia providers. Using outcomes from the National Anesthesia Clinical Outcomes Registry and the Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia Clinical Outcomes Registry for dental/oral surgery procedures, we compared 7133 predominantly office-based anesthetics by dentist anesthesiologists to 106,420 predominantly operating room anesthetics performed by physician anesthesia providers. These encounters were contrasted with 34,191 previously published encounters from the practices of oral and maxillofacial surgeons. Children younger than 6 years received the greatest proportion of general anesthetic services rendered by both dentist anesthesiologists and hospital-based anesthesia providers. These general anesthesia services were primarily provided for complete dental rehabilitation for early childhood caries. Overall treatment time for complete dental rehabilitation in the office-based setting by dentist anesthesiologists was significantly shorter than comparable care provided in the hospital operating room and surgery centers. The anesthesia care provided by dentist anesthesiologists was found to be separate and distinct from anesthesia care provided by oral and maxillofacial surgeons, which was primarily administered to adults for very brief surgical procedures. Cases performed by dentist anesthesiologists and hospital-based anesthesia providers were for much younger patients and of significantly longer duration when compared with anesthesia administered by oral and maxillofacial surgeons. Despite the limited descriptive power of the current registries, office-based anesthesia rendered by dentist anesthesiologists is clearly a unique and efficient mode of anesthesia care for dentistry.
El trabajo académico en la construcción de saberes: entre el hacer y el discurso en la formación de profesores / Academic work in knowledge acquisition: Actions and discourse in teacher training
Authors: Romero Navarro Manuel Salvador
Published: December 2017

El presente artículo, es un intento por analizar críticamente la realidad que se vive en los procesos de formación de profesores de educación básica (preescolar y primaria) en las escuelas normales, los mitos y realidades que rodean el ámbito profesional de  los formadores, de los estudiantes como receptores, reproductores de las teorías y de las prácticas de sus enseñantes. Por ello, es necesario transformar esta cultura tradicional de la institución normal con un trabajo académico que incluya la formación teórica y la investigación educativa de los maestros encargados de formar a quienes serán los nuevos profesores; pero además es urgente una nueva gestión institucional que tome como referente de los proyectos de trabajo al colectivo docente y sobre todo a los estudiantes.
Ferramentas gerenciais na prática de enfermeiros da atenção básica em saúde
Authors: De Oliveira Samuel Andrade , De Almeida Maria De Lourdes , Santos Marieta Fernandes , Zilly Adriana , Peres Aida Maris , Rocha Fernanda Ludmilla Rossi
Published: December 2017

Introdução: Para que a prestação de serviços à saúde seja de qualidade, se faz necessário que a assistência e a gerência estejam interligadas na execução do trabalho de enfermagem. Sendo assim o objetivo foi identificar e caracterizar as ferramentas gerenciais utilizadas pelos enfermeiros que atuam na atenção básica à saúde para o gerenciamento das ações de enfermagem e saúde.  Materiais e Métodos: Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa do tipo descritiva exploratória. Participaram da pesquisa 40 enfermeiros que atuam na Atenção Primária à Saúde de um município do sul do Brasil, região de tríplice fronteira. Os dados foram coletados mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas e analisados conforme a técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Resultados: Os enfermeiros da Atenção Primária à Saúde entendem ferramentas gerenciais como meio de organização e direcionamento dos serviços de saúde, sendo referido seu uso diário na prática profissional. Porém, uma parte dos enfermeiros relatou ainda não utilizar ferramentas gerenciais ou realizam o uso de forma empírica, ou seja, ainda não há uma reflexão na prática diária sobre o uso dessas ferramentas. Entre as ferramentas utilizadas por estes enfermeiros foram citadas as de organização, controle, avaliação e direcionamento dos serviços. Conclusão: Apesar de os enfermeiros entenderem a relevância de desenvolver competências gerenciais e conhecer ferramentas de gestão para auxiliá-los no processo gerencial, torna-se necessário que estes profissionais se desvinculem das ações embasadas apenas no conhecimento empírico e tornem a sua prática crítica e reflexiva.
Examining Distance Learners in Hybrid Synchronous Instruction: Successes and Challenges
Authors: Romero-Hall Enilda , Rocha Vicentini Cristiane
Published: December 2017

This paper reports on a case study investigating distance learners participating in graduate-level hybrid synchronous instruction. This research helps inform the design of hybrid synchronous instruction in which face-to-face and distance learners engage in class sessions. Data were collected using electronic journals, individual interviews, and a focus group. The results of the data analysis provide evidence that in this case, hybrid synchronous instruction improved the study habits of distance learners. On the other hand, the case study results also revealed that there are challenging pedogogical aspects which the distance learners had to overcome during hybrid synchronous instruction. Among such challenges were the interactions, relationships, and communication exchanges between distance learners, their face-to-face counterparts, and the instructor.
PERAKITAN TEKNOLOGI PENGELOLAAN HARA SPESIFIK LOKASI PADI SISTEM GOGO RANCAH DI DESA SEMAWUNG KECAMATAN ANDONG KABUPATEN BOYOLALI
Authors: Andrias - , Suprihati - , Setyorini Diah
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT

Rainfed ricefield, planted at least for one cropping season in a year, depends heavily on rainfall for its water supply. This land generally is low in fertility as indicated by the limited availability of essential plant nutrients in particular nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) as well as organic matter. Its productivity is relatively low with a rather erratic precipitation distribution. In order to overcome fertility issue in rainfed land, it is necessary to conduct an integrated nutrient management; one of which is by implementing location specific nutrient management. This study aims to seek the appropriate nutrient management in rainfed paddy field of Semawung village in the sub-district of Andong of Boyolali regency to be provisioned as a technological tool of location specific nutrient management. Research on nutrient management of gogo rancah system-based paddy production was carried out from October 2014 to January 2015. The field experiment was arranged in a Randomized Block Design involving eight treatments and three replications for each treatment. Treatments were combinations of NPK fertilizer, Organofosfat, and straw-based organic fertilizer. Nutrient management using NPK fertilizer and its combination with Organofosfat or organic fertilizer had very significant effect on plant height and number of stem per hill, significantly affected number of panicle per hill, panicle length, and number of fully-filled grain but did not result in difference of fully filled grain percentage and weight of 1000 grains. There was no significant difference between the treatment of 100% of NPK fertilizer and the combination of 75% of NPK fertilizer with straw-based fertilizer regarding these variables: number of stem per hill, number of panicle per hill, panicle length, number of grain per hill, number and percentage of fully-filled grain, weight of 1000 grains, and weight of fresh grain and milled grain yield. Therefore, the latter treatment is feasible as an option of location-specific nutrient management Semawung village.
El valor razonable en los estados financieros, un reto para las cooperativas
Authors: Bautista Orlando Quintero , Sánchez Martínez Oscar Ernesto , Yanquen Mauricio Rodríguez , Sánchez Montaña Heriberto
Published: December 2017

En el país existen tres sectores de la economía de alto impacto en el PIB, como son el sector público, el sector privado y el sector de economía solidaria. Sobre el primer y segundo sector se encuentran trabajos muy bien elaborados sobre el significado de la aplicación del valor razonable, pero sobre el tercer sector (cooperativas) poco se conoce a nivel nacional
Caracterización económica de la mujer rural
Authors: Naranjo Ana Hercilia Hamón
Published: December 2017

El objetivo de esta investigación es caracterizar económicamente a las mujeres rurales, para visibilizar, valorar y resaltar el gran aporte que hacen al desarrollo rural, donde ellas como protagonistas fundamentales realizan diferentes actividades económicas dentro y fuera del hogar, con el fin de lograr un incremento de sus ingresos para alcanzar un crecimiento en algunos casos y en otros para sobrevivir ellas y sus familias. En esta investigación se abordaron los siguientes temas: actividad productiva, remuneración de sus labores, propiedades económicas, administración del dinero producto de la actividad económica y participación en la actividad comercial. El resultado permite demostrar la importancia del trabajo de las mujeres rurales, pero que no se reconoce, ni valora y, por consiguiente, no se visibiliza. Es un reto adoptar los cambios que se presentan en el mundo para mejorar su situación y, por ende, el de la sociedad en general.
Factors Related to Sexual Behavior Among Teenager Dating in Denpasar City
Authors: Ngurah Edi Putra I Gusti , Erma Pradnyani Putu , Astri Artini Ni Nyoman , Eka Purni Astiti Ni  Luh
Published: December 2017

The earlier age for dating among teenagers has an impact to increase the chance of sexual behavior. This study aimed to identify the factors related to sexual behavior among teenager dating in Denpasar City. This study was observational analytic with cross-sectional approach. Sample size was 880 students dating with sampling technique using nonprobability sampling. This study showed the proportion of teenager who had risky sexual behavior was 22,1%. Factors related to risky sexual behavior among teenager dating were aged >15 years old (OR=3,0; 95%CI=1,9-4,8; p<0,001), male (OR=3,0; 95%CI=2,2-4,2; p<0,001), education level of senior high school compared to junior high school (OR=3,9; 95%CI =2,4-6,2; p<0,001), education level of vocational high school compared to junior high school (OR=2,4; 95%CI =1,5-3,9; p=0,001), private school (OR=2,2; 95%CI=1,6-3,1; p<0,001), never accessed to health reproductive information (OR=2,0; 95%CI =1,3-3,0; p=0,001), accessed to pornography content (OR=4,1; 95%CI=2,8-6,1; p<0,001), lack of knowledge (OR=1,7; 95%CI=1,2-2,4; p=0,006), and lack of attitude (OR=3,1; 95%CI=2,2-4,5; p<0,001). There were relationship between age, sex, educational level, school status, the access of health reproductive information, the access to pornography content, knowledge, and attitude toward risky sexual behavior. Giving information comprehensively regarding reproductive and sexual health is essential approach through involving active participation from parents and teachers.
Development of a Modular Home Construction Kit using the Rammed Earth Building Technique
Authors: Sooklal Valmiki K
Published: December 2017

In developing countries where resources are limited, the task of providing shelter for poverty stricken communities that are already in dire need of basic amenities can be a daunting one. This paper proposes a solution to this housing issue in the form of a modular home construction kit. These kits will provide such communities with a tool for sustainably constructing their own dwellings using local manpower combined with the natural resources available on site. The technique is based on the rammed earth principle in which the raw material for the construction process is primarily the natural soil present at the targeted location. This result in considerable savings in terms of sourcing and transporting costs of building materials typically used in traditional constructions methods. In addition, heavy or powered equipment is not needed for this construction technique making it a viable option for places where an electrical power supply or fuel source is not available.The project is part of a service-learning program, recently introduced at the University of Colorado at Colorado Springs to afford students an opportunity to work on a multidisciplinary team while using their engineering knowledge to provide solutions to real world problems. The student team working on the project has been involved in developing all the necessary procedures for assessment of the location’s soil type as well as the design and sourcing of the kit components. They will also be required to develop the necessary instructional and training material to allow for assembly of the kit components and the implementation of the technique to produce a finished structure (excluding the roof).
Qualitative Assessment of the Learning Outcomes of an International Service Learning Project in Civil Engineering
Authors: Jeffers Ann E. , Beata Paul A. , Strassmann Beverly
Published: December 2017

A qualitative study was performed to determine the learning outcomes of an international service learning project in civil engineering. The university program involves the student-led design and construction of suspended pedestrian bridges in rural Bolivia. Five students traveled to Bolivia for a period of four weeks to oversee the construction of a bridge. The students were asked to keep reflective journals that were guided by a series of writing prompts. We analyzed the qualitative data within a phenomenological framework, which allowed common themes to be identified from the data. The measured learning outcomes include technical competency, adaptability, creativity, global competency, cross-cultural communication skills, and teamwork and interpersonal communication skills. The data are examined in relation to relevant literature and supporting quotes from the students’ journals are provided. Our findings support the ideas that international service learning experiences in engineering strengthen global competency and communication, improve mastery of technical skills, and instill an understanding of the social context of engineering work. Additionally, complications that arose in the field taught the students adaptability, which is defined here as the ability to modify an engineering design to meet the constraints imposed in the field. As a result of our analysis, we propose reflection questions that allow the assessment of technical and non-technical learning outcomes.