bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the Coupled Heat Transfer Model Based on Groundwater Advection and Axial Heat Conduction for the Double U-Tube Vertical Borehole Heat Exchanger
Authors: Zhang Linlin , Shi Zhonghua , Yuan Tianhao
Published: September 2020

In this paper, a dynamic heat transfer model for the vertical double U-tube borehole heat exchanger (BHE) was developed to comprehensively address the coupled heat transfer between the in-tube fluid and the soil with groundwater advection. A new concept of the heat transfer effectiveness was also proposed to evaluate the BHE heat exchange performance together with the index of the heat transfer rate. The moving finite line heat source model was selected for heat transfer outside the borehole and the steady-state model for inside the borehole. The data obtained in an on-site thermal response test were used to validate the physical model of the BHE. Then, the effects of soil type, groundwater advection velocity, inlet water flow rate, and temperature on the outlet water temperature of BHE were explored. Results show that ignoring the effects of groundwater advection in sand gravel may lead to deviation in the heat transfer rate of up to 38.9% of the ground loop design. The groundwater advection fosters the heat transfer of BHE. An increase in advection velocity may also help to shorten the time which takes the surrounding soil to reach a stable temperature. The mass flow rate of the inlet water to the BHE should be more than 0.5 kg·s−1 but should not exceed a certain upper limit under the practical engineering applications with common scale BHE. The efficiency of the heat transfer of the double U-tube BHE was determined jointly by factors such as the soil’s physical properties and the groundwater advection velocity.
Direct and Indirect Loss Evaluation of Storm Surge Disaster Based on Static and Dynamic Input-Output Models
Authors: Jin Xue , Sumaila U. Rashid , Yin Kedong
Published: September 2020

Storm surge disaster is one of the biggest threats to coastal areas. Over the years, it has brought serious losses to the economy and environment of China’s coastal areas. In this paper, Guangdong Province is taken as the research object to evaluate the damage caused by storm surge disasters. First of all, regarding the three-industry classification standards of the National Bureau of Statistics, combined with the storm surge disaster assessment index system, the 10-sector storm surge disaster loss input-output table is compiled and analyzed. Secondly, the indirect economic losses of storm surge disasters between 2007–2017 are determined by calculating the direct and indirect consumption coefficients. Thirdly, based on the static input-output model, considering the time factor, the dynamic input-output model of storm surge disaster assessment is established to calculate the cumulative output loss under different recovery periods (30 days, 90 days, 120 days, 180 days, 360 days). The results indicate that: (1) the losses, after a storm surge, in the agricultural economy have the greatest impact on the manufacturing sector, and conversely, they have less effect on the science, education and health service sectors; as well as the construction sector; (2) taking the industry with the biggest loss ratio as an example, the recovery of damaged industries is relatively rapid in the early stage and tends to be stable in the later stage of recovery; (3) the total output loss calculated using the static input-output model is greater than that computed using the dynamic input-output model. Researching the assessment of the direct and indirect loss due to storm surge disasters is of great value and practical significance for the scientific and rational planning of the country’s production layout, the maintenance of social and economic stability and the protection of life and property.
Theorising Indigenous Farmers’ Utilisation of Climate Services: Lessons from the Oil-Rich Niger Delta
Authors: Ebhuoma Eromose Ehije , Simatele Mulala Danny , Leonard Llewellyn , Ebhuoma Osadolor Obiahon , Donkor Felix Kwabena , Tantoh Henry Bikwibili
Published: September 2020

In the wake of a rapidly changing climate, climate services have enabled farmers in developing countries to make informed decisions, necessary for efficient food production. Climate services denote the timely production, translation, delivery and use of climate information to enhance decision-making. However, studies have failed to analyse the extent to which Indigenous farmers residing and producing their food in an environment degraded by multinational corporations (MNCs) utilise climate services. This study addresses this gap by analysing Indigenous farmers’ utilisation of climate services in Igbide, Olomoro and Uzere communities, in the oil-rich Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews were used to obtain primary data. Findings suggest that although the activities of Shell British petroleum, a MNC, have compromised food production, other factors have fuelled farmers’ unwillingness to utilise climate services. These include their inability to access assets that can significantly scale up food production and lack of weather stations close to their communities needed to generate downscaled forecasts, amongst others. This paper argues that failure to address these issues may stifle the chances of actualising the first and second sustainable development goals (no poverty and zero hunger) by 2030 in the aforementioned communities.
Performance Analysis of Two-Stage Solid Desiccant Densely Coated Heat Exchangers
Authors: Li Kun-Ying , Luo Win-Jet , Tsai Bo-Yi , Kuan Yean-Der
Published: September 2020

In this study, silica gel and sodium polyacrylate desiccants are coated onto a finned tube heat exchanger (Desiccant Coating Heat Exchanger, DCHE), which can absorb the vapor in the process air for dehumidification. In the experiments, the desiccant is coated on fins using the dense coating method, which causes the fixed fin area to be coated with greater amounts of desiccants for a better dehumidification performance. This study discusses the dehumidification performances of a single stage DCHE and two-stage DCHEs in series under different relative humidity conditions of the inlet process air and different regeneration water temperatures. The results show that the thermal coefficient of performance (COPth) of the DCHEs for the two desiccants prepared by the dense coating method is better than that of DCHEs with the general immersing coating method by a factor of 2–2.4. The two-stage DCHEs in series have a lower supply humidity ratio than a single stage DCHE at different inlet humidity levels, and they can be used in the industry when a special low humidity manufacturing process is required. The overall dehumidifying capacities of two-stage series-connected DCHEs at regeneration temperatures of 50 °C and 70 °C are approximately twice as high as those of a single stage DCHE. The COPth value of a single stage or two stages increases with an increase in the inlet humidity of the process air. The COPth values of the sodium polyacrylate single stage and two-stage DCHEs are 1–1.3 times greater than those of the silica gel single stage and two-stage DCHEs at a high inlet air humidity. Finally, the effects of different regeneration water temperatures on the performance of DCHEs are investigated. With an increase in the regeneration water temperature, the COPth value, dehumidifying capacity and regeneration capacity of single stage or two-stage DCHEs increase as well.
An Energy Efficient Routing Approach for Cloud-Assisted Green Industrial IoT Networks
Authors: Bhandari Khadak Singh , Cho GI Hwan
Published: September 2020

The green industrial Internet of things (IIoT) is emerging as a new paradigm, which envisions the concept of connecting different devices and reducing energy consumption. In multi-hop low power and lossy network, a resource-constrained node should aware of its energy consumption while routing the data packets. As part of IoT, the routing protocol for low power and lossy network (RPL) is considered to be a default routing standard. Recently, RPL has gained a significant maturity, but still, energy optimization is one of the main issues, because the default objective function (OF), which makes routing decision mainly based on a single parameter, such as link quality, and ignores the energy cost. Therefore, this paper aims to consider the concept of green IIoT concerning how a routing approach can achieve energy efficiency in resource-constrained IoT networks. For this, we propose a resource aware and reliable OF (RAROF), which constructs an optimum routing path by exploiting the information regarding the duty cycle, link quality, energy condition, and resource availability of a node. In addition, we propose node vulnerability index (NVI), a new routing metric that identifies the vulnerable nodes in terms of energy. To deal with the diverse data traffic of the IIoT network, we implement a multi-queuing based traffic differentiation approach that ensures the application requirements. The extensive simulation results show that the proposed RAROF can effectively extend the lifetime of the network, enhance the energy efficiency, and achieve higher reliability than that of other OFs. In this way, RAROF makes a routing decision with the purpose of extending network lifetime and minimizing energy depletion, paving the way towards green IIoT.
Multi-Objective Approach for Optimization of City Logistics Considering Energy Efficiency
Authors: Akkad Mohammad Zaher , Bányai Tamás
Published: September 2020

Urban population increase results in more supply chain operations in these areas, which leads to increased energy consumption and environmental pollution. City logistics represents a strategy of efficient freight transportation and material handling to fulfill customer and business demands. Within the frame of this paper, the authors describe an optimization model of a multi-echelon collection and distribution system, focusing on downtown areas and energy efficiency, sustainability, and emission reduction. After a systematic literature review, this paper introduces a mathematical model of collection and distribution problems, including package delivery, municipal waste collection, home delivery services, and supply of supermarkets and offices. The object of the optimization model is twofold: firstly, to design the optimal structure of the multi-echelon collection and distribution system, including layout planning and the determination of required transportation resources, like e-cars, e-bikes, and the use of public transportation; and secondly, to optimize the operation strategy of the multi-echelon supply chain, including resource allocation and scheduling problems. Next, a heuristic approach is described, whose performance is validated with common benchmark functions, such as metaheuristic evaluation. The scenario analysis demonstrates the application of the described model and shows the optimal layout, resource allocation, and operation strategy focusing on energy efficiency.
Wound Infections of Snakebites from the Venomous Protobothrops mucrosquamatus and Viridovipera stejnegeri in Taiwan: Bacteriology, Antibiotic Susceptibility, and Predicting the Need for Antibiotics—A BITE Study
Authors: Lin Chih-Chuan , Chen Yen-Chia , Goh Zhong Ning Leonard , Seak Chen-Ken , Seak Joanna Chen-Yeen , Shi-Ying Gao , Seak Chen-June ,   SPOT Investigators
Published: September 2020

Snakebites from Taiwan habus (Protobothrops mucrosquamatus) and green bamboo vipers (Viridovipera stejnegeri) account for two-thirds of all venomous snakebites in Taiwan. While there has been ongoing optimization of antivenin therapy, the proper management of superimposed bacterial wound infections is not well studied. In this Bacteriology of Infections in Taiwanese snake Envenomation (BITE) study, we investigated the prevalence of wound infection, bacteriology, and corresponding antibiotic usage in patients presenting with snakebites from these two snakes. We further developed a BITE score to evaluate the probability of wound infections and guide antibiotic usage in this patient population. All snakebite victims who presented to the emergency departments of seven training and research hospitals and received at least one vial of freeze-dried hemorrhagic antivenin between January 2001 and January 2017 were identified. Patient biodata, laboratory investigation results, and treatment modalities were retrieved. We developed our BITE score via univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the predictive performance of the BITE score. Out of 8,295,497 emergency department visits, 726 patients presented with snakebites from a Taiwan habu or a green bamboo viper. The wound infection rate was 22.45%, with seven positive wound cultures, including six polymicrobial infections. Morganella morganii, Enterococcus spp., Bacteroides fragilis, and Aeromonas hydrophila were most frequently cultured. There were no positive blood cultures. A total of 33.0% (n = 106) of snakebite patients who received prophylactic antibiotics nevertheless developed wound infections, while 44.8% (n = 73) of wound infection patients were satisfactorily treated with one of the following antibiotics: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, oxacillin, cefazolin, and ampicillin/sulbactam. With the addition of gentamicin, the success of antibiotic therapy increased by up to 66.54%. The prognostic factors for the secondary bacterial infection of snakebites were white blood cell counts, the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, and the need for hospital admission. The area under the ROC curve for the BITE score was 0.839. At the optimal cut-off point of 5, the BITE score had a 79.58% accuracy, 82.31% sensitivity, and 79.71% specificity when predicting infection in snakebite patients. Our BITE score may help with antibiotic stewardship by guiding appropriate antibiotic use in patients presenting with snakebites. It may also be employed in further studies into antibiotic prophylaxis in snakebite patients for the prevention of superimposed bacterial wound infections.
Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 Modulates Cytokine and Chemokine Profiles of Mononuclear Cells for Efficient Dissemination to Target Organs
Authors: Pavulraj Selvaraj , Kamel Mohamed , Stephanowitz Heike , Liu Fan , Plendl Johanna , Osterrieder Nikolaus , Azab Walid
Published: September 2020

Equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) causes encephalomyelopathy and abortion, for which cell-associated viremia and subsequent virus transfer to and replication in endothelial cells (EC) are responsible and prerequisites. Viral and cellular molecules responsible for efficient cell-to-cell spread of EHV-1 between peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and EC remain unclear. We have generated EHV-1 mutants lacking ORF1, ORF2, and ORF17 genes, either individually or in combination. Mutant viruses were analyzed for their replication properties in cultured equine dermal cells, PBMC infection efficiency, virus-induced changes in the PBMC proteome, and cytokine and chemokine expression profiles. ORF1, ORF2, and ORF17 are not essential for virus replication, but ORF17 deletion resulted in a significant reduction in plaque size. Deletion of ORF2 and ORF17 gene significantly reduced cell-to-cell virus transfer from virus-infected PBMC to EC. EHV-1 infection of PBMC resulted in upregulation of several pathways such as Ras signaling, oxidative phosphorylation, platelet activation and leukocyte transendothelial migration. In contrast, chemokine signaling, RNA degradation and apoptotic pathways were downregulated. Deletion of ORF1, ORF2 and ORF17 modulated chemokine signaling and MAPK pathways in infected PBMC, which may explain the impairment of virus spread between PBMC and EC. The proteomic results were further confirmed by chemokine assays, which showed that virus infection dramatically reduced the cytokine/chemokine release in infected PBMC. This study uncovers cellular proteins and pathways influenced by EHV-1 after PBMC infection and provide an important resource for EHV-1 pathogenesis. EHV-1-immunomodulatory genes could be potential targets for the development of live attenuated vaccines or therapeutics against virus infection.
A Comprehensive Study of Cutaneous Fibropapillomatosis in Free-Ranging Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus) and Red Deer (Cervus elaphus): from Clinical Manifestations to Whole-Genome Sequencing of Papillomaviruses
Authors: Kmetec Jernej , Kuhar Urška , Fajfar Aleksandra Grilc , Vengušt Diana Žele , Vengušt Gorazd
Published: September 2020

Papillomaviruses (PVs) are an extremely large group of viruses that cause skin and mucosa infections in humans and various animals. In roe deer and red deer, most PVs belong to the Deltapapillomavirus genus and cause neoplastic changes that are generally described as fibropapillomas. Despite the wide distribution of roe and red deer throughout Europe and beyond, the data in the scientific literature regarding the widespread distribution of PVs and the genetic variability of PV genomes in these species are rather scarce. This study describes cutaneous fibropapillomatosis cases in roe and red deer with clinical manifestations that are typical of infections with PVs. In all cases, the presence of PV DNA was confirmed using PCR, followed by Sanger sequencing of the partial L1 gene. The complete PV genomes were determined in all the investigated samples using next-generation sequencing technology, revealing infections of roe deer with the CcaPV1-type and red deer with the CePV1v-type variant. A comparison of the complete CcaPV1-type and CePV1v-type variant genome sequences reported here with already available complete genome sequences in GenBank revealed their great genetic stability across time and space.
Maternal Influenza A Virus Infection Restricts Fetal and Placental Growth and Adversely Affects the Fetal Thymic Transcriptome
Authors: Van Campen Hana , Bishop Jeanette V. , Abrahams Vikki M. , Bielefeldt-Ohmann Helle , Mathiason Candace K. , Bouma Gerrit J. , Winger Quinton A. , Mayo Christie E. , Bowen Richard A. , Hansen Thomas R.
Published: September 2020

Maternal influenza A viral infections in humans are associated with low birth weight, increased risk of pre-term birth, stillbirth and congenital defects. To examine the effect of maternal influenza virus infection on placental and fetal growth, pregnant C57BL/6 mice were inoculated intranasally with influenza A virus A/CA/07/2009 pandemic H1N1 or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at E3.5, E7.5 or E12.5, and the placentae and fetuses collected and weighed at E18.5. Fetal thymuses were pooled from each litter. Placentae were examined histologically, stained by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for CD34 (hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen) and vascular channels quantified. RNA from E7.5 and E12.5 placentae and E7.5 fetal thymuses was subjected to RNA sequencing and pathway analysis. Placental weights were decreased in litters inoculated with influenza at E3.5 and E7.5. Placentae from E7.5 and E12.5 inoculated litters exhibited decreased labyrinth development and the transmembrane protein 150A gene was upregulated in E7.5 placentae. Fetal weights were decreased in litters inoculated at E7.5 and E12.5 compared to controls. RNA sequencing of E7.5 thymuses indicated that 957 genes were downregulated ≥2-fold including Mal, which is associated with Toll-like receptor signaling and T cell differentiation. There were 28 upregulated genes. It is concluded that maternal influenza A virus infection impairs fetal thymic gene expression as well as restricting placental and fetal growth.
Epidemiological and Molecular Investigation of Ocular Fungal Infection in Equine from Egypt
Authors: Tahoun Amin , Elnafarawy Helmy K. , Elmahallawy Ehab Kotb , Abdelhady Abdelhamed , Rizk Amira M. , El-Sharkawy Hanem , Youssef Mohamed A. , El-Khodery Sabry , Ibrahim Hussam M. M.
Published: September 2020

Diagnosis and treatment of ocular fungal infection in equine seems very challenging for owners and clinicians. The present study aimed to identify and characterize fungal species isolated from the eyes of clinically healthy and diseased equines (N = 100) from Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. The work also involved morphological and molecular characterization of the major fungal species. In addition, correlations between the occurrence of isolated fungi and some of the potential risk factors were also investigated. Interestingly, the prevalence rate of ocular mycosis in all examined equines in the study was 28% and there were major clinical signs associated with ocular fungal infection. Moreover, the identified fungal species included Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, Penicillium spp., Mucor spp., and Alternari spp. with a corresponding prevalence rate of 63.9%, 27.8%, 15.3%, 18.1%, 13.9%, and 4.2%, respectively, in healthy equine eyes, while their prevalence in diseased equine eyes was 57.1%, 32.1%, 21.4%, 7.1%, 3.6%, and 0%. Furthermore, a statistical significant association (p < 0.05) was found between the frequency of isolation of A. fumigatus and Penicillium and several risk factors (breed, sex, and ground type), while the remaining risk factors and occurrence of fungi were not statistically correlated. A subset of the Aspergillus species samples positive by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were sequenced and their phylogenetic analysis identified three species of Aspergillus. Taken together, our study provides novel data related to the occurrence of ocular mycosis in equine in Egypt. Given the zoonotic potential of some identified fungi, our data may be helpful for implementation of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for combating this sight-threatening infection in equine.
Minor Imbalance of the Lowermost Italian Glacier from 2006 to 2019
Authors: De Marco Jessica , Carturan Luca , Piermattei Livia , Cucchiaro Sara , Moro Daniele , Dalla Fontana Giancarlo , Cazorzi Federico
Published: September 2020

The response of very small glaciers to climate changes is highly scattered and little known in comparison with larger ice bodies. In particular, small avalanche-fed and debris-covered glaciers lack mass balance series of sufficient length. In this paper we present 13 years of high-resolution observations over the Occidentale del Montasio Glacier, collected using Airborne Laser Scanning, Terrestrial Laser Scanning, and Structure from Motion Multi-View Stereo techniques for monitoring its geodetic mass balance and surface dynamics. The results have been analyzed jointly with meteorological variables, and compared to a sample of “reference” glaciers for the European Alps. From 2006 to 2019 the mass balance showed high interannual variability and an average rate much closer to zero than the average of the Alpine reference glaciers (−0.09 vs. −1.42 m water equivalent per year, respectively). This behavior can be explained by the high correlation between annual balance and solid precipitation, which displayed recent peaks. The air temperature is not significantly correlated with the mass balance, which is main controlled by avalanche activity, shadowing and debris cover. However, its rapid increase is progressively reducing the fraction of solid precipitation, and increasing the length of the ablation season.
Cambodian Freshwater Fish Assemblage Structure and Distribution Patterns: Using a Large-Scale Monitoring Network to Understand the Dynamics and Management Implications of Species Clusters in a Global Biodiversity Hotspot
Authors: Pin Kakada , Nut Savat , Hogan Zeb , Chandra Sudeep , Saray Samadee , Touch Bunthang , Chheng Phen , Ngor Peng
Published: September 2020

Mekong River Basin is one of the world’s fish biodiversity hotspots. Fisheries of the Cambodian Mekong are characterized by high diversity and productivity. However, few studies have focused on broad scale patterns and fish assemblage structure of this important system at a national level. Here, we describe spatial and seasonal variation in fish assemblages by analyzing one year of daily fish catch data sampled at 32 sites covering Cambodia’s main inland water bodies. We recorded 125 fish species. Four clusters were distinguished based on assemblage composition similarity, and 95 indicator species were identified to characterize each of the identified assemblage clusters. High diversity fish assemblages were associated with the upper Mekong system and Mekong/Bassac/Tonle Sap Rivers in Kandal Province and southern Tonle Sap Lake while lower diversity assemblages were observed in the Mekong River in Kratie and the northern area of the Tonle Sap Lake. We find significant variation in the assemblage composition between wet and dry seasons, indicating strong seasonal species turnover within clusters. Length–weight relationship analysis indicated a negative allometric growth among a majority of indicator species, reflecting suboptimal conditions for growth. Our study establishes contemporary structure and diversity patterns in the Lower Mekong River system of Cambodia, which can be used to map fish biodiversity hotspots and assess key indicative fish stocks’ statuses for conservation and management.
Estimating the Influence of Extraction Method and Processing Location on Forest Harvesting Efficiency - A Categorical DEA Approach
Authors: OBİ Okey , VISSER Rien
Published: September 2020

The increasing level of competition in the global forestry market demands that stakeholders continuously measure their performance with the aim of remaining competitive and profitable in the ever-changing wood market. This study applies categorical data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology to the New Zealand forest harvesting sector. This methodology is able to account for ordinal non-discretionary variables in the DEA. The influence of log extraction method and processing location on the estimated efficiency scores were examined. To define the forest harvesting DEA production technology, three inputs (harvest area, average piece size, level of mechanization), one output (tons/scheduled hour) and one categorical non-discretionary variable with three levels were used. The categorical variables were defined by the level of difficulty as reported by harvest supervisors for specific forest harvesting operating environment. The study demonstrated the appropriateness of the categorical DEA approach in measuring performance in forest harvesting operations. It showed significant influence of timber extraction methods on the overall performance estimate, whereby grapple skidders at 58% had the highest mean efficiency score. While log processing locations showed no significant influence on the estimated performance, processing at the stump had the highest mean efficiency score.
Premixes based on mustard protein-containing feed concentrate “Gorlinka” and their use in feeding of laying hens of the parent herd
Authors: Dyuzheva N. , Kornilova V. , Kostomakhin N.
Published: September 2020

Complex researches on studying of efficiency of use of a premix in which the filler was mustard protein-containing feed concentrate “Gorlinka” as a part of compound feeds for replacement pullets and laying hens have been carried out. Its influence on digestibility and digestibility of nutrients of diets, hatchable qualities of eggs, morphological and biochemical parameters of blood of experimental poultry, economic efficiency of production have been studied. It has been found that the input of the feed to young poultry of the experimental group of the studied premix contributed to a more complete digestion and use of nutrients. According to the results of weighing experimental pullets to 150-day age in the control group the live weight was 1719,23 g, and the average daily gain was 7,83 g, in the experimental group the live weight of the pullets was 1775,25 g, and the average daily gain was 8,74 g, which exceeded the indicator of the control group, respectively, by 3,26 % (P > 0,99) and 11,62 % (P > 0,95). Feed expenditures per 1 kg of live weight gain of poultry in the experimental group were lower than in the control group by 3,73 %, this allowed to obtain additional net income by saving the cost of feed per 1 kg of live weight gain of poultry 1,86 rubles. The economic effect in the experimental group of replacement pullets during the experiment reached 627,75 rubles. When calculating feed expenditures per 1 kg of egg mass, the following results have been obtained: in the control group this figure was 2,18 kg, which was higher than in the experimental group by 0,12 kg. Thus, the input of the experimental premix into feed for laying hens of the parent herd contributed to the increase in egg production and egg weight, as well as a reduction in feed expenditures by 10 eggs. It has been established that the experimental group was superior in all indicators of quality assessment of daily chicks of the control group, which received the premix based on sunflower oil cake as part of the feed. It has been received the chicks in the experimental group 257 heads, and that 14 heads more than in the control group. The chicks of the experimental group surpassed the chicks of the control group in the live weight of one chicken by 0,52 g, and substandard chickens in this group were less by 0,67 %. At an average realizable value of 1000 eggs was 9000 Rub, gross income in experimental group was higher than in control by 0,81 %, which resulted in additional net income from sale of eggs 2916 Rub. Economic eff ect through the use of the premix made up 3782,2 Rub.
Vitamin nutrition of calves
Authors: Vyayzenen G. , Dautov R. , Vyayzenen A. , Bolshakov D. , Prodanov N.
Published: September 2020

Experimental studies have shown an increase in productivity, metabolic processes, the effectiveness of the use of nutrients and biologically active substances and the metabolic energy of diets, the health of heifers aged 1–6 months under the conditions of industrial technology of their rearing. Increasing the productivity of heifers is closely related to improving the nutrition system during all periods of rearing with the use of the vitamin complex Vitaminol in diets depending on their age and body weight. The highest effectiveness of rearing young animals has been established when using Vitaminol in doses: 1,3 g/head./day – up to 1 month, 2,4 g/head./day – 2 months, 3,3 g/head./day – 3 months, 4,3 g/head./day – 4 months, 4,8 g/head./day – 5 months and 5,3 g/head./day – at the age of 6 months. Differentiated feeding of optimal doses of feed additives to calves increases the digestibility of dry matter by 1,41–10,8 %, organic matter by 1,6–10,0 %, raw protein by 1,6–6,8 %, raw fat by 1,4–8,7 %, raw fiber by 1,5–3,0 % and nitrogen-free extractive substances by 1,6–6,0 % depending on age and body weight (from 1 to 6 months inclusive). It has a positive effect on the absorption of nitrogen and the use of calcium and phosphorus in the body. The use of Vitaminol in diets of calves contributes to an increase in live weight and average daily gain compared to the control group. In calves up to one month of age (at the dose of 1,3 g/head/day) live weight increased by 6,5 %, the average daily gain by 11,4 %, in 2 months (at the dose of 2,4 g/head/day) these indicators were 2,9 and 2,6 %, respectively, at 3 months (at the dose of 3,3 g/head/day) – 3,4 and 8,2 %, in 4 months (at the dose of 4,3 g/head/day) – 6,7 and 12,8 %, in 5 months (at the dose of 4,8 g/head/day) – 4,4 and 3,6 % and at 6 months (at the dose of 5,3 g/head/day) – 4,3 and 2,7 %, respectively. In order to improve the quality of feeding when rearing calves, more fully realize their genetic potential, increase productivity and use of nutrients in diets and normalize metabolic processes in the body we recommend the optimal doses of the feed additive Vitaminol depending on age (g/head/day): 1,3 – in 1 month, 2,4 – in 2 months, 3,3 – in 3 months, 4,3 – in 4 months, 4,8 – in 5 months, 5,3 – in 6 months. Feed additive Vitaminol enter into the composition of complete feed, wet feed mixtures and feed to calves 1 time per day.
The influence of biological growth regulator Stivin on the productivity of agricultural crops
Authors: Ryabchinskaya T. , Zimina T.
Published: September 2020

In order to further increase the productivity of crop production under modern environments, there is a need to change the overall strategy of agronomic and phytosanitary technologies, such as strengthening their environmental orientation with a constant increase in the adaptive capabilities of plants. The purpose of the research was to study the features of the action of the new multifunctional plant growth regulator Stivin created on the basis of components of plant origin, and to evaluate its eff ectiveness when used on major crops such as: winter wheat, spring barley, corn, soy, sugar beet, potatoes and sunfl ower. A multifunctional drug based on a complex of plant-derived elicitors (extracts of active substances from the fruit elements of grapes and sugar beet) has been created. The main active physiologically active substances of the drug have been established: 16 proteinogenic amino acids, resveratrol, abscisic acid, macro- and microelements in dosages typical for signaling substances. On the base of assessment of biochemical predictors of immunity and the establishment of its prolonged eff ect on the immune status of plants, the elicitor principle of the new growth regulator has been established. When processing vegetative plants with Stivin in the spring during the tillering phase, high values of the approximation coeffi cient (from 0,67 to 0,92) of the dependencies of the studied indicators on the norm of use of the drug have been established for 11 signs out of 15 (73 %). New knowledge has been obtained that the main factor determining the direction and eff ects of the drug Stivin on plants is the rate of its use. On the example of the created drug, the methodological basis for evaluating the eff ect of growth regulators on plants has been developed.
PENGARUH TERAPI PERILAKU KOQNITIF TERHADAP GAMBARAN DIRI: SISTEMATIKA REVIEW
Authors: Pangaribuan Resmi , Sari Putri Nanda
Published: September 2020

Body image is a crucial factor in the formation of individual identity. Increasing body image on an individual requires an intervention which can change thoughts, feelings and attitudes affecting the behavior related to the whole body and its function. This systematic review evaluates the existed evidence to identify the effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on body image. The literature review is conducted by selecting the corresponding articles which are published between 2011 and 2017. Various databases used are CINAHL, EBSCO, Proquest, Pubmed, Science Direct, and Semantic Scholar. The inclusion criteria are the articles publishing original data, being fully written in English, researching human as an object and exploring the cognitive behavioral therapy and body image. There are eight articles that showed the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on body image including reducing body image concern, reducing bad stigma towards body image and irrational beliefs on body changing, increasing body area satisfaction, improving appearance evaluation and improving a positive body image. The application of cognitive behavioral therapy is essential and effective in improving body image. This study recommends health professionals, especially nurses, to apply cognitive behavioral therapy in patients with various diseases involving body image disturbance.
CLASSIFICATION AND ZONING OF RIVERINE TERRITORIES OF SMALL TOWNS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE BELGOROD REGION
Authors: Khalifa M. , Duyun T.
Published: September 2020

The paper presents an analytical study for comparing different numerical methods used for the modeling of cutting process using finite element method. The aims of this study is to compare capabilities of FE software package (Deform, AdvantEdge, ANSYS Workbench and ABAQUS). The main stages of modeling are discussed, as well as well-known methods and approaches used for their implementation. Main formulations for description of motion of deformable materials are analyzed to Lagrangian approach, Eulerian approach, Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) approach. Numerical techniques to model chip separation are grouped as geometrical and physical. In this paper two strategies for time integration, implicit and explicit schemes are reviewed. Various models of friction between the chip and the tool are discussed: Amonton-Coulomb's Law, Prandtl's Law and Zorev. In this work, modeling and simulation of cutting process is carried out by FEM software ABAQUS. As a result of modeling, the stress and strain fields for both the workpiece and the tool are presented, as well as the thermal field of the workpiece and the chip. The numerical results obtained are compared with the results have been carried out previously using software ANSYS Workbench. The numerical values of temperatures, stresses and deformations correspond to traditional concepts of the cutting process, as well as experimental data presented in open sources.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCESS OF MOVEMENT OF A MATERIAL PARTICLE IN THE INTER-ROW SPACE OF A DISINTEGRATOR WITH A CHANGING INTER-ROW DISTANCE
Authors: Semikopenko I. , Voronov V. , Belyaev D.
Published: September 2020

Currently, disintegrators are one of the types of equipment used for grinding and mixing various materials. The advantages of disintegrators are the ability to control the speed of rotation of the rotors and change the geometric parameters to obtain a grinding product with the desired grain composition, as well as the simplicity of the design. In this paper, as a result of theoretical research, analytical expressions and are obtained, which define the radial size between adjacent rows of impact elements of the grinding chamber with a periodically varying distance. This change in the radial size has a high-frequency character, which determines the destruction of material particles under the influence of tangential stresses arising in them. To perform the necessary transformations, the article presents a design scheme of the disintegrator grinding chamber with a changing radial distance between adjacent rows. In the inter-row space, due to the inequality of the circumferential velocities of moving particles, tangential stresses acting on these particles occur. According to the result of, the value of tangent stresses in the inter-row space depends on the circumferential velocity of the particle, the coefficient of pseudo-viscous flow grinding and the value of the inter-row distance. The value of the row spacing, due to its periodic nature, can be represented as a function of the amplitude of the change in this distance and the angle measured from the initial direction of the axis. By solving a first-order differential equation with separable variables, it is possible to determine the initial and final value of the particle velocity in the region (0 ≤φ≤ /2) of an inter-row space of variable cross-section. The destruction of a material particle in an area with a periodically changing distance will be carried out if the change in the kinetic energy of the particle exceeds the work on its destruction as a result of collision.
Emerging Advances to Transform Histopathology Using Virtual Staining
Authors: Rivenson Yair , de Haan Kevin , Wallace W. Dean , Ozcan Aydogan
Published: September 2020

In an age where digitization is widespread in clinical and preclinical workflows, pathology is still predominantly practiced by microscopic evaluation of stained tissue specimens affixed on glass slides. Over the last decade, new high throughput digital scanning microscopes have ushered in the era of digital pathology that, along with recent advances in machine vision, have opened up new possibilities for Computer-Aided-Diagnoses. Despite these advances, the high infrastructural costs related to digital pathology and the perception that the digitization process is an additional and nondirectly reimbursable step have challenged its widespread adoption. Here, we discuss how emerging virtual staining technologies and machine learning can help to disrupt the standard histopathology workflow and create new avenues for the diagnostic paradigm that will benefit patients and healthcare systems alike via digital pathology.
La empresa automotriz IASFSA en Santa Fe. Características de una experiencia en los márgenes (1959-1969)
Authors: Vicentin Enzo
Published: September 2020

La industria automotriz en Argentina experimentó significativos cambios hacia finales de la década de 1950. Dentro de la nueva conformación que va adquiriendo el sector durante los ‘60, este trabajo centra su interés en IASFSA, una empresa en la que la firma alemana DKW se asoció con inversionistas locales para producir automotores de la marca “Auto Union”. Esta empresa que se instaló en la provincia de Santa Fe, participó en el mercado hasta 1969, fabricó cerca de 33000 automotores y llegó a emplear a 1500 trabajadores, transformándose en una de las industrias más importantes de la región central de la provincia. A través de documentos de la propia empresa, entrevistas a ex trabajadores, legislación nacional y provincial de promoción industrial, revistas y periódicos de la época y bibliografía específica sobre la industria automotriz, el trabajo busca describir las distintas etapas de IASFSA desde su radicación hasta su crisis definitiva cerrada con la venta de su planta industrial a Fiat. En este marco, intentamos argumentar que aunque IASFSA siguió un patrón de comportamiento común a otras empresas del sector, algunas características específicas relacionadas a su ubicación geográfica, a la composición de su conducción y a su trayectoria en el mercado, hicieron de esta empresa una experiencia singular dentro de la industria automotriz en la década del ‘60.
Aproximación a los procesos de capacitación/formación de los trabajadores siderúrgicos en SOMISA (1960-1966)
Authors: Gabiniz Martín Pablo
Published: September 2020

La Sociedad Mixta Siderurgia Argentina (SOMISA), comienza su producción tras el decisivo impulso de Estado Nacional al proyecto del Gral. M. N. Savio a comienzos de la década de 1960. Partiendo del rol estratégico que para el proceso de industrialización nacional tuvo la instalación de la primera planta siderúrgica a ciclo integral, aislamos uno de los problemas necesarios para garantizar un funcionamiento óptimo: el de los procesos de capacitación/formación de su mano de obra. Observamos las diferentes estrategias implementadas por la empresa para capacitar a su personal, entre la puesta en funcionamiento de su planta industrial en noviembre de 1960, y el fin de su primer expansión productiva en julio de 1966. Rescatamos la influencia de los principales preceptos de la teoría desarrollista, así como el rol del capital trasnacional en estos procesos.La necesidad de contar con un personal lo suficientemente calificado para lograr la calidad y el crecimiento que implicaban los trabajos propuestos, ha sido una cuestión de importante consideración en los documentos que dan cuenta de la planificación de esta industria, en los que contiene la mirada empresaria, como en la apropiación que los trabajadores hacen en su identificación con la empresa. Consideramos significativo aportar al conocimiento sobre estos procesos, para desentrañar el funcionamiento de una de las empresas más emblemáticas en el sector siderúrgico del país.
Cidade na floresta: Belterra, a experiência da plantation de seringa de Henry Ford na Amazônia brasileira (1934-1945)
Authors: Matos Pereira Juan Carlos
Published: September 2020

Este artigo examina como foi atraído a capital americano para a Amazônia brasileira através da concessão de um milhão de hectares na margem direita do Rio Tapajós, no estado do Pará e a isenção fiscal pelo período de cinquenta anos para a Companhia Ford Industrial do Brasil (CFIB)Estes procedimentos de governo foram solicitadas pelo governo federal criou um clima favorável para a instalação do Companhia Ford Industrial do Brasil (CFIB) e a resocialização de um grande contingente de imigrantes e brasileiros na cidade de Fordlandia mais tarde em Belterra. Ressaltamos o processo de disciplinamento, controle, formação e organização de remuneração com base no sistema de produção fordista. Na introdução do projecto de civilização e os aspectos estruturais da sua racionalidade, através da "fala do desenvolvimento” utilizado com o significado da inferioridade da "outro" e o vácuo demográfico para justificam o projeto de modernização capitalista em curso no país e continuou para além desse período .
De la “Ciudad del Acero” al “Desarrollo Local”. Propuestas para una aproximación socioantropológica a las relaciones entre industria y ciudad en el caso de San Nicolás de los Arroyos
Authors: Soul Julia
Published: September 2020

En este trabajo, proponemos construir una mirada de mediano plazo sobre la dinámica de las relaciones entre la ciudad de San Nicolás de los Arroyos y la planta siderúrgica instalada allí en la década ´50, gestionada y dirigida durante treinta años por el Estado Nacional, y privatizada en 1992. Específicamente, interesa indagar la forma en que un conjunto de prácticas e intervenciones referidas a os procesos de producción y reproducción de la fuerza de trabajo concretizan el proceso de formación de los obreros industriales como parte de la clase trabajadora en el seno de procesos hegemónicos consecutivos. En segundo lugar, interesa trazar coordenadas analíticas y problemáticas para un abordaje socioantropológico de las relaciones entre empresa y comunidad de emplazamiento. En este trabajo, procuramos recuperar las especificidades históricas de la relación SOMISA – San Nicolás de los Arroyos así como establecer líneas de análisis de la situación contemporánea, con un punto de tracción común: los entramados relacionales y de prácticas que arrojan luz sobre el accionar obrero respecto de los principales problemas detectados para cada momento: vivienda y condiciones de habitabilidad desde la década del ´60 y problemas de empleo para la década del ´90.
La herencia de las mujeres. Estrategias de transmisión patrimonial en las empresas ganaderas del medio oeste pampeano. Mediados del Siglo XX
Authors: Olmos Selva
Published: September 2020

Los estudios sobre la transmisión del patrimonio presentan un relativo desarrollo en la historiografía argentina, especialmente desde los años de 1990. Dichos estudios privilegiaron el espacio regional pampeano de fines del siglo XIX e inicios del XX. A tono con ellos, adherimos con aquella postura que afirma que las prácticas de transmisión del patrimonio en el agro pampeano dan cuenta de la coexistencia de múltiples mecanismos, de igualitarismo así como de exclusión. De este modo, resultan significativos los abordajes tendientes a analizar las lógicas familiares en la transmisión del patrimonio y las modalidades dereproducción.Nos proponemos reflexionar sobre los mecanismos de transmisión del patrimonio de una familia de productores ganaderos del sur del entonces Territorio Nacional de La Pampa, la familia Russo, y trazar paralelismos con otros dos casos de la zona. De allí también nuestro interés se volcará a observar la herencia de las mujeres en estos entramados familiares pero también considerando su rol en las empresas ganaderas. Setrata de problematizar las relaciones de género que se daban dentro de las familias y en este caso, evaluando las experiencias de tres familias de una zona poco transitada por la historiografía local.