bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of organic waste application on some soil physical properties, growth and yield of red rice between conventional and aerobic irrigation system on raised-beds
Authors: Kusnarta I G M , Mawaddah A , Dulur N W D , Wangiyana W
Published: December 2021

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of organic waste application on some soil physical properties, growth and yield of red rice between conventional and aerobic irrigation systems on permanent raised-beds. The experiment was carried out in May to August 2020, under Split Plot design with two factors namely techniques of rice cultivation (conventional, T1; aerobic irrigation system, T2) as main plots, and organic wastes (L0=without organic waste, L1=rice husk, L2=rice husk ash, L3=rice husk ash and cattle manure) as the subplots. Results indicated that both treatment factors affected some physical properties of the soil, growth, and yield of red rice. Some variables showed significant interaction namely soil bulk density, red-rice height, leaf number and dry straw weight. Changing rice cultivation technique from conventional to aerobic irrigation system significantly reduced soil bulk density, especially under application of rice husk ash together with cattle manure or without cattle manure, resulting in the highest red rice grain yield of 37.78 g/clump whereas under conventional without organic wastes, grain yield was only 21.27 g/clump. On average, changing from conventional technique to aerobic irrigation system could increase red rice grain yield by 40.13%.
Production of bioethanol from wild cassava crude starch (Manihot glaziovii Muell. Arg) using different microbial types and fermentation times
Authors: Mellicha S V , Gunam I B W , Antara N S , Arnata I W
Published: December 2021

Wild cassava (Manihot glaziovii Muell. Arg) is one of the varieties of cassava that contains toxic compounds cyanogenic glucosides, which cause unmarketable food products more suitable to be processed into bioethanol. This wild cassava plant produces tubers four times in weight compared to that of ordinary cassava, and the flesh contains about 40–70% starch by dry weight. This study aimed to determine the effect of the microbial types and fermentation times on bioethanol production from M. glaziovii Muell. Arg crude starch and to determine the type of microbes and fermentation time that can produce the highest bioethanol product from M. glaziovii Muell. Arg crude starch. This study consists of two factors using a factorial randomized block design (RBD). The first factor was the type of microbe which consists of 2 different microbes, namely R5I3 isolates and Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 9763. The second factor was the fermentation time which consists of 4 levels, namely 3, 4, 5 and 6 days. The observed parameters were total dissolved solids value, pH value, reducing sugar content, and ethanol content. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued with Tukey’s HSD post hoc tests. The results showed that fermentation using R5I3 isolates with a fermentation time of 5 days was the best treatment to obtain a maximum ethanol of 21.64±3.03 g/L, with a final pH value of 4.70±0.14, total dissolved solids 4.10±0.14°Brix and reducing sugar content of 0.91±0.02 g/L. Therefore, the new isolate R513 was highly potential for producing bioethanol from wild cassava crude starch.
Isolation and selection of amylase-producing microbes isolated from ragi tape and cassava tape available on the markets
Authors: Gunam I B W , Sujana I G A , Wijaya I M M , Setiyo Y , Putra I W W P , Suriati L
Published: December 2021

Amylase has an important role in biotechnology development and occupies an important position in the world enzyme market, as a biocatalyst in various industrial fields. This study has the goal to find microbial isolates that have the ability to produce amylase enzymes. The study was conducted in two stages, namely: 1) Isolation and selection of microbes that can produce amylase enzymes using starch as substrate, was incubated for 4-7 days at 30°C. Microbial isolates that can produce amylase enzymes are characterized by the presence of clear zones around the colony after the addition of an iodine solution of 1% in the overgrown media of microbes, 2) Test the activity of amylase enzymes using a dinitrosalicylic acid reagent test. The activity of the amylase enzyme is determined by measurement using a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 540 nm. The sample used comprised of 7 types of ragi tape and 2 samples from cassava tape that has been fermented for 5-7 days. The results obtained in the first stage were 65 microbial isolates, 16 of which had clear zones, consisting of 7 isolates from ragi tape samples and 9 isolates from cassava tape samples. In the enzyme activity test, there are several isolates that have the potential to produce amylase enzymes, these include R5I4 (0.897 ± 0.018 U/mL), R2I5.1 (0.814 ± 0.011 U/mL), R5I3 (0.727 ± 0,042 U/mL) (derived from cassava ragi tape samples) and T2I2.2 (0.812 ± 0.013 U/mL), T2I6.1 (0.817 ± 0.010 U/mL), T2I2.1 (0.735 ± 0.023 U/mL), T1I4 (0.755 ± 0.020 U/mL) (derived from cassava tape samples). The isolate with the highest enzyme activity is the R5I4 which has the value enzyme activity of 0.897 ± 0.018 U/mL and with a fairly high or moderate category, while the lowest enzyme activity is the T1I1.1 isolate of 0.284 ± 0.020 U/mL.
Dietary niche breadth of endemic and introduced anurans (Amphibia: Anura) in Lombok, Lesser Sunda Islands– Indonesia
Authors: Zamroni Y , Septian IGN , Artiningrum NT , Hadi I
Published: December 2021

Anurans are important organisms as components of faunal community structure in ecosystems because of their roles as secondary and tertiary consumers in food webs. Anurans are opportunistic organisms that will consume any resources in their habitat. In this study, we dissected thirty-nine specimens of anurans from Museum Universitas Mataram (MUM) reference collection, it consists by three endemic (Ingerophrynus biporcatus, Limnonectes dammarmani and L. kadarsani) and one introduced species (Duttaphrynus melanostictus) of anurans. These reference collections were collected by authors during herpetofauna survey at Pusuk Forest, western Lombok in 2018. Based on stomach content analysis, both endemic and introduced anurans are generalist arthropod predators where hymenoptera, coleoptera, orthoptera and chilopoda are the most important food. In this study, we found positive correlations between body size and dietary niche breadth in which each anuran species has a high overlap of dietary niches. Anurans with large body size have a variety of prey than the small one.
Correlation analysis of leachate in final disposal sites on groundwater and surface water quality
Authors: De Side G N , Widiyanti A , Rancak G T , Aprianto R , Widhiantari I A , Sutawijaya I B
Published: December 2021

The Final Disposal Site (TPA) is where waste is disposed of at the end of its life cycle. The contamination of groundwater and surface water caused by leachate is one type of pollution generated by TPA. The goal of this research is to determine the level of groundwater and surface water pollution, as well as the correlation of leachate to groundwater and surface water in West Lombok’s Final Disposal Site, which is located in Kebon Kongok Hamlet, Suka Makmur Village, Gerung District. The analysis method utilized in this research is the pollution index method and the analysis which consists of a correlation test. The results of the analysis of groundwater pollution levels from samples of resident wells were classified as adequate condition, lightly polluted, and moderate polluted. Meanwhile, surface water is classified as moderately polluted. The results of the TSS correlation test analysis on groundwater turbidity have a positive direction and a strong correlation with a value of 0.643. The results of leachate TSS analysis against surface water TSS have a positive direction and a moderate correlation with a value of 0.357 as well as the COD of leachate against COD of surface water with a value of 0.257. The results of the analysis of leachate BOD to surface water BOD indicate that there is a moderate correlation with a value of 0.475. This is in line with the pollutant index which has a moderate polluted value. Referring to the findings, it is recommended that the urgency of zero waste should be implemented by all parties, not only the government but also all levels of society.
The effectiveness of the new PLN mobile application in improving service quality, customer satisfaction, and electrifying lifestyle during the new normal period in Tanjung pandan city
Authors: Kusuma M H , Rahim S E
Published: December 2021

PT. PLN (Persero) as one of the State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN) received a mandate from the Indonesian government to provide electricity services. PLN ensures that the availability of electricity supply throughout Indonesia is currently sufficient through a power plant development program of 35 Gigawatt. On the other hand, the condition of the Covid-19 Pandemic during the New Normal period in Indonesia significantly impacted people’s behavior in Indonesia in all respects, especially in accessing public services. To provide solutions related to the high community needs in obtaining services in the electricity sector in the current new normal period, PT. PLN (Persero) has made innovations by providing alternative online service media such as the mobile-based PLN New Mobile Application and has been integrated with other PLN applications such as the Centralized Customer Service Application and the Integrated Complaints and Complaints Application as well as digital payment services. This study measures the effectiveness of the New PLN Mobile Application in improving service and satisfaction for customers in the New Normal era in Tanjung pandan City. Thus, we use four variables often used in electronically assessing service quality, namely Efficiency, Fulfilment, Service Availability, and Privacy. The method used in this study is a quantitative method with a questionnaire approach. The sampling method used is purposive sampling with the criteria of respondents who have used the New PLN Mobile application. The number of samples used was 396 respondents. Based on the analysis of the results of the questionnaire test, observation, and other supporting data, it can conclude that New PLN Mobile Application has been significantly effective because it has fulfilled all the variables mentioned above.
Analysis of water condition in Dodokan watershed, Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: Bandrang D D , Sa’diyah H , Suparmin  , Sjah T
Published: December 2021

Watershed of Dodokan in Lombok, Indonesia, is one of the strategic watersheds on the island of Lombok, and is a priority for rehabilitation of forest and land. This paper aims to analyse ecological water conditions in Dodokan watershed, Lombok, Indonesia, and recommends policy for improving the ecological conditions of the watershed. The results of this analysis are expected to be useful in implementing policies and programs to improve the ecological condition of this watershed, as well as to provide greater benefits for the communities around or related to this watershed. The watershed analysis focuses on five aspects, including flow regime coefficient, annual flow coefficient, sediment load, flood, and water use index. The results of the analysis show that the ecological condition of water management in the Dodokan watershed is poor, and can threaten the continuity of water resources in the Dodokan watershed. Therefore, rehabilitation activities are urgently needed.
Bioethanol-Producing Yeast Isolated from Fermented Cocoa
Authors: Thontowi A. , Ramadhan A.P. , Saputra H. , Kholida L.N. , Fahrurrozi  , Nurhayati A.P.D. , Nurhatika S.
Published: December 2021

Corn and sugarcane-base bioethanol dominantly contributes to the 25 billion gallons of bioethanol worldwide. Recent researches focused on the potential microbes and biomasses for optimum production. This study is, therefore, aimed to screen the bioethanol generating yeast strains of Biotechnology Culture Collection (BTCC), isolated from chocolate fermentation in several medium containing various carbon sources. A total of 72 yeast strains were grown in the media containing sugarcane juice, sorghum juice, and molasses, which served as carbon sources. Based on 26S rDNA gene analysis, these species were included in 9 genera, encompassing Saccharomyces (63.9%), Hanseniaspora (9.7%), Candida (0.7%), Torulaspora (0.4%), Pichia (0.8%), Issatchenkia (0.1%), Wickerhamomyces (0.3%), Metschnikowia (0.1%), and Rhodotorula (0.1%). Therefore, spectrophotometer UV-Vis was used to analyze cell growth, while the fermentation products (sugars and ethanol) were evaluated using the HPLC, and about 70 strains produced bioethanol. The highest yields were obtained during fermentation, using sugarcane juice, molasses, molasses waste, and sorghum juice, at concentrations of 43, 50, and 7 g/L, respectively. Furthermore, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain were the most significant producers, as the genus was able to generate various concentrations from several carbon sources. However, the only genus without the ability to yield any related products during fermentation was Pichia (0.8%). Based on these results, it is necessary to further develop the yeast strains from chocolate fermentation, due to the potential for bioethanol production from biomasses.
Pipette Tip Solid-Phase Extraction Combined with Fluorescence Spectroscopy for Determination of Selenium in Green Tea Samples
Authors: Kamali S R , Tsai C H , Chen C N
Published: December 2021

In this study, the custom-built pipette-tip solid phase extraction (PT-SPE), was used for pre-concentrating the selenium (Se) in green tea samples. The PT-SPE was prepared using a pipette tip and C18 as the adsorbent that was placed between glass wool. This method afforded several advantages in terms of efficiency of extraction time (8 min), sample (2 mL), and solvent (1 mL) volumes with less wastage of solvent. Under optimal conditions of extraction, this method yielded good linearity (r2=0.998) for the Se calibration curve and good limit of detection (0.2 μg/L) and quantification (0.6 μg/L). The standard addition method was used to remove the matrix effect. The recovery percentages of tea samples spiked with different Se concentrations ranged from 97.7 to 106.0%, indicating that the proposed method would be suitable for the determination of Se in green tea samples.
Optimization of chlorophyll extraction solvent of bulung sangu (Gracilaria sp.) seaweed
Authors: Sasadara M M V , W Nayaka N M D M , Yuda P E S K , A Dewi N L K A , Cahyaningsih E , Wirawan I G P , Silalahi D
Published: December 2021

Algae are a photosynthetic organism, affordable and naturally rich in nutrients and a valuable source of bioactive substances such as natural pigments. Bulung sangu (Gracilaria sp.) is red macroalgae that wildly grows and distributes in Bali. The aim of this work was to optimize the solvent to extract the chlorophyll content of Bulung sangu. The pigment extraction was carried out using different solvents (100% methanol, 100% ethanol, and 90% acetone). The chlorophyll contents including chlorophyll a,b,c,d and total chlorophyll were measured using spectrophotometry UV-VIS and expressed in µg/g of algae. The results showed that chlorophyll c could not be extracted using all used solvent, while chlorophyll b can only be extracted using acetone. Acetone produced the highest concentration of chlorophyll a (717.52 ± 9.71 µg/g), chlorophyll b (7.23 ± 0.24 µg/g), chlorophyll d (21.93 ± 1.07 µg/g), and chlorophyll total (746.67 ± 8.99 µg/g) compared to other solvent, that were significantly different (p<0.05). The second solvent to produce the highest concentration of chlorophyll a, d, and total chlorophyll was methanol which produced 578.77 ± 9.74 µg/g, 5.50 ± 0.12 µg/g and 584.27 ± 9.62 µg/g of chlorophyll content, respectively, followed by ethanol which produced 520.98 ± 2.52 µg/g of chlorophyll a, 3.56 ± 0.25 µg/g for chlorophyll d, and 524.54 ± 2.30 µg/g for total chlorophyll. Acetone is considered the most effective solvent to extract the chlorophyll content of Bulung sangu.
The study of sex steroid hormone compound in green algae (Chlorophyta) for female fertility: A literature review
Authors: Arini L A
Published: December 2021

Reproductive organ cell damage due to oxidants can cause problems in female fertility, this situation can be prevented and overcome by consuming antioxidants such as algae. Green algae Chlorophyta also contains a steroid that is thought to be useful for normal reproductive health in women. The purpose of this study was to determine the compounds of sex steroid hormones in green algae which are important for female fertility. The systematic review method was used in this study. Based on the results of studies, it shows that green algae contain sterols which through biochemical mechanisms will form sex steroid hormones in the target organ. These hormones play an important role in the regulation of the female reproductive system and the balance of these hormones is crucial for normal fertility in women. Based on this, women should be able to maintain their reproductive health well by consuming foods that contain lots of vitamins and natural fibers that are good for the body such as green algae. Women must also be able to maintain a healthy lifestyle, change bad lifestyles, and avoid environmental risk factors that can cause infertility.
The effectivities of anti-diabetic of Chromolaena odorata L. in lowering blood sugar level: A systematic review
Authors: Salsabila Annisa , Harfiani Erna , Nugraha Yudhi
Published: December 2021

Diabetes has become a significant problem that has reached an alarming level. Nowadays, almost one billion people around the world live with diabetes. In 2019, Indonesia occupied the seventh position in the world with 10,7 million people live with diabetes. Although various antihyperglycemic agents are available, diabetes is still a significant problem in the world. Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata L.) is widely used in Indonesia and traditional medicine to treat diabetes. This study aimed to determine the phytochemical content of C. odorata extract and analyze the effectiveness of the anti-diabetic of C. odorata extract in lowering blood sugar levels. The method used in this study is a systematic review with journals derived from the online databases of PubMed and Google Scholar. The journals used are journals that discuss C. odorata, extract, anti-diabetic, and blood sugar. Journal search results show, eight studies explain the potential anti-diabetic activity of C. odorata extract in lowering blood sugar levels. Data synthesis from several studies shows that C. odorata extract has potential anti-diabetic activity because it contains phytochemicals in the form of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, and tannins which are potent antioxidants and cytoprotectants that can lower blood sugar levels.
Larvacide effectiveness of Papaya leaf extract (Carica papaya) on the mortality of larvae vector of Dengue hemorrhagic fever caused by Aedes aegypti
Authors: Dhenge N F , Pakan P , Lidia K
Published: December 2021

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infection caused by the dengue virus, which is still a public health problem in Indonesia. Chemical insecticides as larvicides used to control Aedes aegypti have created resistant populations. Thus, higher doses are needed, which, of course, have toxic effects on animals, humans, and the environment.To analyze the effectiveness of papaya leaf extract (Carica papaya) against the mortality of the third instar Aedesaegypti mosquito larvae. This study is a true experimental research design with a posttest-only control group design. In this study, the groups in this study were the larvae of the Aedes aegypti mosquito instar III/IV, papaya leaf ethanol extract, abate as a positive control group, and aquadest as a negative control.The results of the mean number of larvae deaths in each treatment group was zero (0) larvae in negative control group, positive control group (25 larvae), 5% concentration (9.5 larvae), 10% concentration (11.75 larvae), 15% concentration (12.75 larvae), a concentration of 20% (14.75 larvae), and a concentration of 25% (19.5 larvae). The results of Kruskal Wallis analysis showed that papaya leaf extract was effective as a larvicide for Aedesaegypti (p=0.001). In the probit analysis, it was found that the LC50 of the extract against Aedes aegypti was 23%, while the LC99 was 55%.Papaya leaf extract is effective as a vegetable larvicide for 3rd/IV instar Aedesaegypti larvae
Are we facing complex problems or complex solutions? A reflection on urban slum planning through the lens of complexity: A case of Indonesia
Authors: Putra Z D W
Published: December 2021

This study aims to reflect on urban slums planning and management through the lens of complexity theory by utilizing Indonesia as a case. This study employs a literature review to explore several problems and provide solutions as implemented in the Indonesian urban slums. The two key reflections were underlined. First, the given spatial solutions generate more complexity by its various type of programs and managements. Second, the root cause of the slums is poverty, despite unachieved by the given non-spatial solutions. This study suggests to refashion the planning approach in dealing with the slums problem to achieve SDGs particularly point 1 and 11, while adjusted to adapt with the COVID-19 situation.
Potential distribution of water in Malang city based on Multitemporal Sentinel 2A image data
Authors: Hasyim A W , Wijaya I N S , Setyono D A
Published: December 2021

Malang City is one of the cities in East Java with the status of a second-level city, with Surabaya City as the first-level city. Malang City also has various advantages that can attract many people outside the city to live in Malang City. As time goes by, Malang City experiences an increase in built-up land area, which is considered to be the cause of increased flooding in Malang City. This study attempted to identify the areas vulnerable to potential inundation (flooding) using several influencing variables, consisting of data on land cover, slope, land altitude, intensity of rainfall, and NDWI. This study employed the SMCE (Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation) method to obtain data on the distribution of potential areas for rainwater puddles (floods) in Malang City. Based on the analysis results, most of Malang City in 2019 is dominated by areas categorized as vulnerable with a percentage of 71% or an area of 7,827.21 hectares. At the same time, the remaining 29%, or an area of 3,130.10 hectares, is an area included in the safe category from potential puddles. The percentage of this vulnerable area, when compared to 2014, increased by 6%.
Digital transformation readiness: How ‘Sonjo Pangan’ movement assists SMEs’ product distributions during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Choirunnisa U , Rijanta R , Rachmawati R
Published: December 2021

COVID-19 was initially discovered in China on December 31, 2019. One of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in several countries includes the enactment of policies to restrict human activities which caused economic problems for SMEs. The government efforts to tackle this issue are various such as launched a smartphone application for SMEs.Sonjo Pangan(SonjoFood) refers to a movement initiated by a group of people expecting to help SMEs who are vulnerable to COVID-19.Sonjoassisted SMEs to sell their product online. This research aims to measure the digital readiness level ofSonjo PanganSMEs and to explore howSonjo Panganhelps SMEs during pandemic. Data had been collected by online questionnaire shared in their main media platform such as WhatsApp Group. Analysis was conducted by mix-method analysis. The result of this research indicated thatSonjo Panganassisted SMEs to distribute their product in the city, intercity, even inter-island by WA group and through a free online platform.SonjoPangan SMEs thus obtained the advantages such as improvements in technology skills and development of social capital.
The Resilience of Banjarmasin City in disaster management
Authors: Fatmawati A
Published: December 2021

Banjarmasin City is regarded as the capital of South Kalimantan Province, acknowledged as the high-risk area of 2 major issues, such as flood due to sea-level rise, and settlement fire. Banjarmasin is located in tidal marsh zone with elevation of 0.16m below the sea level which relatively leads to annual urban flooding. Floods occur in Banjarmasin in 2021 become one of threats to city resilience. Thus, building city resilience against the unexpected climate change is of importance to create a suistanable and livable city. This study focuses on resilient city of Banjarmasin by utilizing the two different methods of analysis, including: public and SWOT analysis. Public analysis is utilized to assess Banjarmasin City policy of manifestation of city resilience. SWOT analysis is applied to identify various factors systematically in formulating the planning strategy. The results indicated that innovation in handling disaster by the local government towards resilient city has been apparent through several programs of disaster mitigation by collaborating with private sectors or institutions, with aims: to provide maximum public services, to promote climate change awareness to all levels of society, and to handle river issues such as river normalization.
Spatial assessment of socio-economic vulnerability to climate-related disasters at the local level: Study of coastal villages in Indramayu, Indonesia
Authors: Drestalita N C , Wijaya N , Iqbal N M
Published: December 2021

Climate change has brought ecological impacts in the coastal area, such as seawater intrusion, coastal floods, and erosion, which have caused broader effects on non-physical aspects of human activities, including the coastal economy and society. This study aims to assess the socio-economic vulnerability to climate-related disasters in the coastal villages of Indramayu, Indonesia. Secondary data were collected based on available sources. Spatial and statistical analyses were applied. This study uses ten indicators to measure the socio-economic vulnerability of 41 coastal villages. These indicators include seven socio-demographic indicators and three economic indicators. The analysis shows that ten villages (24.39%) are socially vulnerable, and five villages (4.87%) are economically vulnerable. Overall, two out of seven socio-demographic indicators have high vulnerability levels, namely disaster mitigation systems and established community groups. Two out of three economic indicators also have high degrees of vulnerability, namely the availability of economic facilities and the employment-based sector. The other indicators with medium to low degree of vulnerability are population density, the elderly population, the disabled population (socio-demographic indicators), and poverty (economic indicator). From this study, local governments and other relevant actors can prioritize climate-related disaster reduction strategies in particular sectors and locations through spatial and development plans.
Utilization of solar and wind energy to improve the quality of life for rural communities in Blora Regency – Indonesia: from triple helix to quadruple helix
Authors: Asmara A Y , Hidayat A R T , Ohgaki H , Mitsufuji T , Caballero J C
Published: December 2021

Studies of triple helix field indicated that involvement of academician, business, government (ABG) were leading players in bringing up invention to be innovation. In the current decade, society actor served as the new actor added in the ABG-S frame concerning to the sustainability issue of innovation. This study aimed to present the role of the concerned actors in proposing an innovative product of a combined solar and wind energy generator installed in rural areas of Blora Regency. Blora was one of the regions in the Central Java Province that utilized electrical energy sourced from non-fossil. A Qualitative research method was utilized in this study to disclose the involvement of each actor in Blora’s case. The study reported that ABG-S actors’ involvement in implementing a combined solar and wind energy generator to the villages.
France’s Role in the Holocaust Revisited: Marrus and Paxton’s Vichy France and the Jews
Authors: Torrie Julia S.
Published: December 2021

This reappraisal examines the second edition of Michael R. Marrus and Robert O. Paxton’s study of the persecution of Jews in France, Vichy France and the Jews, which first appeared in French and English in 1981. It comments on the reception of the first edition, evaluates the second edition in light of the historiography of the intervening years, and suggests directions for future research.
A harder dilemma for partial subjunctive supposition
Authors: Nielsen Michael
Published: December 2021

This article strengthens a dilemma posed by Eva and Hartmann (2021). They show that accounts of partial subjunctive supposition based on imaging sometimes violate a natural monotonicity condition. The paper develops a more general framework for modelling partial supposition and shows that, in this framework, imaging-based accounts of partial subjunctive supposition always violate monotonicity. In fact, the only account of partial supposition that satisfies monotonicity is the one that Eva and Hartmann defend for indicative suppositions. Insofar as one is committed to monotonicity, then, one cannot distinguish the indicative and subjunctive moods for partial supposition. One might avoid this result by rejecting the general framework that it relies upon, but that itself would be a surprising and interesting outcome.
Developing the multilingual agenda in EMI higher educational institutions
Authors: Preece Siân
Published: December 2021

Universities in English medium instruction (EMI) settings are generally reticent about the linguistic diversity of their student body. Very often, a monolingual mindset dominates institutional thinking that casts linguistic diversity as obstacle rather than asset for the EMI curriculum. This has given rise to deficit models of English language provision in which language tutors are viewed as offering language support and ‘fixing’ language problems. It is timely to address these anachronistic views. In this paper, I do so by making the case for the multilingual agenda in EMI higher educational institutions. From a plurilingual perspective, I examine three narratives for developing the multilingual agenda: (1) ‘the institution as anglophone and multilingual’; (2) ‘students as plurilingual speakers’; and (3) ‘EMI curriculum and pedagogy informed by language-as-resource’. I argue that the significance of these narratives lies in treating them as interrelated and demonstrating their salience for enacting wider higher education agendas at the institutional level.
Flomoxef for neonates: extending options for treatment of neonatal sepsis caused by ESBL-producing Enterobacterales
Authors: Darlow Christopher A , Hope William
Published: December 2021

Background

Neonatal sepsis is a serious and frequently lethal infection, often complicated by antimicrobial resistance (including ESBLs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Flomoxef is an off-patent oxacephem β-lactam with stability against non-AmpC ESBLs, with potential for utility in these settings. To date, there has been no published flomoxef neonatal population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model.

Objectives

To summarize the clinical data available for flomoxef, build a neonatal PopPK model and assess the adequacy of different neonatal flomoxef regimens.

Methods

A systematic literature search returned all available clinical or pharmacokinetic data of flomoxef use in neonates. Pharmacokinetic data were used to construct a PopPK model, with progressive incorporation of covariates into the final model. Monte Carlo simulations were performed using this final model to simulate drug exposures of different flomoxef regimens to calculate PTAs.

Results

Individual-level clinical and pharmacokinetic data were extracted for 313 and 146 neonates, respectively, with population clinical data extracted for a further 199 neonates. Clinical and microbiological success rates were 89.71% and 82.8%, respectively, with minimal side effects. The final PopPK model incorporated body weight and postnatal age as covariates. PTA analyses predicted that IV regimens of 20 mg/kg q12h, 20 mg/kg q6–8h and 40 mg/kg q6–8h are adequate for neonates aged 0–7, 7–14 and 14–28 days, respectively.

Conclusions

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first published neonatal PopPK model for flomoxef. Given the high treatment success rates, low toxicity rates and off-patent status, this drug has potential for use in the treatment of neonatal sepsis in ESBL-prevalent LMIC settings.
Mental Health Outcomes Among Parents of Children With a Chronic Disease During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Parental Burn-Out
Authors: Wauters Aline , Vervoort Tine , Dhondt Karlien , Soenens Bart , Vansteenkiste Maarten , Morbée Sofie , Waterschoot Joachim , Haerynck Filomeen , Vandekerckhove Kristof , Verhelst Helene , Van Aken Sara , Raes Ann , Schelstraete Petra , Walle Johan Vande , Van Hoecke Eline
Published: December 2021

Objective

The COVID-19 pandemic and associated quarantine measures highly impacted parental psychological well-being. Parents of children with chronic diseases might be specifically vulnerable as they already face multiple challenges to provide adequate care for their child. The research questions of the current study were twofold: (a) to examine whether parents of children with a chronic disease experienced more anxiety and depression compared to parents of healthy children and (b) to examine a series of risk factors for worsened well-being (i.e., depression, anxiety, and sleep problems), such as sociodemographic variables, COVID-19-specific variables (i.e., financial worries, living space, and perceived quality of health care), and parental psychological experiences (i.e., parental burn-out and less positive parenting experiences).

Methods

Parents of children with a chronic disease (i.e., the clinical sample; N = 599 and 507 for Research Questions 1 and 2, respectively) and parents of healthy children (i.e., the reference sample: N = 417) filled out an online survey.

Results

Findings demonstrated that the parents in the clinical sample reported higher levels of anxiety than parents in the reference sample. Analyses within the clinical sample indicated that COVID-19-specific stressors and parental psychological experiences were associated with higher levels of anxiety, depression, and sleep problems. Mediation analyses furthermore indicated that the association of COVID-19-specific stressors with all outcome measures was mediated by parental burn-out.

Conclusions

Parents of children with a chronic disease constitute a vulnerable group for worse well-being during the current pandemic. Findings suggest interventions directly targeting parental burn-out are warranted.
A new method to detect globular clusters with the S-PLUS survey
Authors: Buzzo Maria Luisa , Cortesi Arianna , Forbes Duncan A , Brodie Jean P , Couch Warrick J , Eduardo Barbosa Carlos , de Brito Silva Danielle , Coelho Paula , Chies-Santos Ana L , Escudero Carlos , Sesto Leandro , Menéndez-Delmestre Karín , Gonçalves Thiago S , Bom Clécio R , Alvarez-Candal Alvaro , Smith Castelli Analía V , Schoenell William , Kanaan Antonio , Ribeiro Tiago , Mendes de Oliveira Claudia
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we describe a new method to select globular cluster (GC) candidates, including galaxy subtraction with unsharp masking, template fitting techniques, and the inclusion of Gaia’s proper motions. We report the use of the 12-band photometric system used by S-PLUS to determine radial velocities and stellar populations of GCs around nearby galaxies. Specifically, we assess the effectiveness of identifying GCs around nearby and massive galaxies (D < 20 Mpc and σ > 200 km s-1) in a multiband survey such as S-PLUS by using spectroscopically confirmed GCs and literature GC candidate lists around the bright central galaxy in the Fornax cluster, NGC 1399 (D = 19 Mpc), and the isolated lenticular galaxy NGC 3115 (D = 9.4 Mpc). Despite the shallow survey depth, which limits this work to r < 21.3 mag, we measure reliable photometry and perform robust SED fitting for a sample of 115 GCs around NGC 1399 and 42 GCs around NGC 3115, recovering radial velocities, ages, and metallicities for the GC populations.
PGNets: planet mass prediction using convolutional neural networks for radio continuum observations of protoplanetary discs
Authors: Zhang Shangjia , Zhu Zhaohuan , Kang Mingon
Published: December 2021

We developed convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to rapidly and directly infer the planet mass from radio dust continuum images. Substructures induced by young planets in protoplanetary discs can be used to infer the potential young planets’ properties. Hydrodynamical simulations have been used to study the relationships between the planet’s properties and these disc features. However, these attempts either fine-tuned numerical simulations to fit one protoplanetary disc at a time, which was time consuming, or azimuthally averaged simulation results to derive some linear relationships between the gap width/depth and the planet mass, which lost information on asymmetric features in discs. To cope with these disadvantages, we developed Planet Gap neural Networks (PGNets) to infer the planet mass from two-dimensional images. We first fit the gridded data in Zhang et al. as a classification problem. Then, we quadrupled the data set by running additional simulations with near-randomly sampled parameters, and derived the planet mass and disc viscosity together as a regression problem. The classification approach can reach an accuracy of 92 per cent, whereas the regression approach can reach 1σ as 0.16 dex for planet mass and 0.23 dex for disc viscosity. We can reproduce the degeneracy scaling α ∝ $M_\mathrm{ p}^3$ found in the linear fitting method, which means that the CNN method can even be used to find degeneracy relationship. The gradient-weighted class activation mapping effectively confirms that PGNets use proper disc features to constrain the planet mass. We provide programs for PGNets and the traditional fitting method from Zhang et al., and discuss each method’s advantages and disadvantages.
ATLASGAL – evolutionary trends in high-mass star formation
Authors: Urquhart J S , Wells M R A , Pillai T , Leurini S , Giannetti A , Moore T J T , Thompson M A , Figura C , Colombo D , Yang A Y , König C , Wyrowski F , Menten K M , Rigby A J , Eden D J , Ragan S E
Published: December 2021

ATLASGAL is an 870-µm dust survey of 420 deg2 the inner Galactic plane and has been used to identify ∼10 000 dense molecular clumps. Dedicated follow-up observations and complementary surveys are used to characterize the physical properties of these clumps, map their Galactic distribution, and investigate the evolutionary sequence for high-mass star formation. The analysis of the ATLASGAL data is ongoing: We present an up-to-date version of the catalogue. We have classified 5007 clumps into four evolutionary stages (quiescent, protostellar, young stellar objects and H ii regions) and find similar numbers of clumps in each stage, suggesting a similar lifetime. The luminosity-to-mass (Lbol/Mfwhm) ratio curve shows a smooth distribution with no significant kinks or discontinuities when compared to the mean values for evolutionary stages indicating that the star formation process is continuous and that the observational stages do not represent fundamentally different stages or changes in the physical mechanisms involved. We compare the evolutionary sample with other star formation tracers (methanol and water masers, extended green objects and molecular outflows) and find that the association rates with these increases as a function of evolutionary stage, confirming that our classification is reliable. This also reveals a high association rate between quiescent sources and molecular outflows, revealing that outflows are the earliest indication that star formation has begun and that star formation is already ongoing in many of the clumps that are dark even at 70 µm.
Mass transfer and tidally tilted pulsation in the Algol-type system TZ Dra
Authors: Kahraman Aliçavuş F , Handler G , Aliçavuş F , De Cat P , Bedding T R , Lampens P , Ekinci Ö , Gümüș D , Leone F
Published: December 2021

Oscillating eclipsing Algols (oEAs) are remarkable systems that allow us to determine accurate fundamental stellar parameters (mass, radius) and probe the stellar interiors through pulsations. TZ Dra is an oEA system containing a δ Scuti component. To examine particular characteristics of such close systems including pulsations and mass transfer, we present a detailed photometric and spectroscopic study of TZ Dra. With the analysis of high-resolution spectra, the orbital parameters were determined by the radial velocity analysis and the atmospheric parameters were derived for the primary component. The binary modelling and the pulsational frequency analysis was carried out using the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite data set. The H α line profiles show the signature of mass transfer from the cool to the hot binary component. The conclusion of mass transfer/mass-loss in the system was supported by the analysis of the orbital period changes. As a result, it was found that there is $3.52 \times 10^{-9}\, {\rm M}_\odot$ yr−1 mass-loss from the system most probably through the hotspot and stellar winds. Additionally, most pulsation frequencies originating from the primary component were found to be spaced by harmonics of the orbital frequencies in particular, 12 doublets spaced by 2forb were detected from which we infer that this star is a tidally tilted pulsator. A mean p-mode frequency spacing of ≈7.2 d−1 was found as well.
What is the halo mass function in a fuzzy dark matter cosmology?
Authors: Kulkarni Mihir , Ostriker Jeremiah P
Published: December 2021

Fuzzy dark matter (FDM) or wave dark matter is an alternative theory designed to solve the small-scale problems faced by the standard cold dark matter proposal for the primary material component of the Universe. It is made up of ultra-light axions having mass $\sim 10^{-22}\, {\rm eV}$ that typically have de Broglie wavelength of several kpc, alleviating some of the apparent small-scale discrepancies faced by the standard ΛCDM paradigm. In this paper, we calculate the halo mass function for the FDM using a sharp-k window function and compare it with one calculated using numerical simulations, finding the peak mass at roughly $10^{10}\, {M_{\odot }}$ for a particle mass of $2\times 10^{-22}\, {\rm eV}$. We also constrain the mass of FDM particle to be $^{\gtrsim}_{\sim} 2\times 10^{-22}\, {\rm eV}$ using the observations of high-redshift (z ∼ 10) lensed galaxies from CLASH survey.
WALLABY pilot survey: H i gas disc truncation and star formation of galaxies falling into the Hydra I cluster
Authors: Reynolds T N , Catinella B , Cortese L , Westmeier T , Meurer G R , Shao L , Obreschkow D , Román J , Verdes-Montenegro L , Deg N , Dénes H , For B-Q , Kleiner D , Koribalski B S , Lee-Waddell K , Murugeshan C , Oh S-H , Rhee J , Spekkens K , Staveley-Smith L , Stevens A R H , van der Hulst J M , Wang J , Wong O I , Holwerda B W , Bosma A , Madrid J P , Bekki K
Published: December 2021

We present results from our analysis of the Hydra I cluster observed in neutral atomic hydrogen (H i) as part of the Widefield ASKAP L-band Legacy All-sky Blind Survey (WALLABY). These WALLABY observations cover a 60-square-degree field of view with uniform sensitivity and a spatial resolution of 30 arcsec. We use these wide-field observations to investigate the effect of galaxy environment on H i gas removal and star formation quenching by comparing the properties of cluster, infall, and field galaxies extending up to ∼5R200 from the cluster centre. We find a sharp decrease in the H i-detected fraction of infalling galaxies at a projected distance of ∼1.5R200 from the cluster centre from $\sim 85{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ to $\sim 35{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. We see evidence for the environment removing gas from the outskirts of H i-detected cluster and infall galaxies through the decrease in the H i to r-band optical disc diameter ratio. These galaxies lie on the star-forming main sequence, indicating that gas removal is not yet affecting the inner star-forming discs and is limited to the galaxy outskirts. Although we do not detect galaxies undergoing galaxy-wide quenching, we do observe a reduction in recent star formation in the outer disc of cluster galaxies, which is likely due to the smaller gas reservoirs present beyond the optical radius in these galaxies. Stacking of H i non-detections with H i masses below $M_{\rm {HI}}\lesssim 10^{8.4}\, \rm {M}_{\odot }$ will be required to probe the H i of galaxies undergoing quenching at distances ≳60 Mpc with WALLABY.
The large-scale environment of thermonuclear and core-collapse supernovae
Authors: Tsaprazi Eleni , Jasche Jens , Goobar Ariel , Peiris Hiranya V , Andreoni Igor , Coughlin Michael W , Fremling Christoffer U , Graham Matthew J , Kasliwal Mansi , Kulkarni Shri R , Mahabal Ashish A , Riddle Reed , Sollerman Jesper , Tzanidakis Anastasios
Published: December 2021

The new generation of wide-field time-domain surveys has made it feasible to study the clustering of supernova (SN) host galaxies in the large-scale structure (LSS) for the first time. We investigate the LSS environment of SN populations, using 106 dark matter density realisations with a resolution of ∼3.8 Mpc, constrained by the 2M+ + galaxy survey. We limit our analysis to redshift z < 0.036, using samples of 498 thermonuclear and 782 core-collapse SNe from the Zwicky Transient Facility’s Bright Transient Survey and Census of the Local Universe catalogues. We detect clustering of SNe with high significance; the observed clustering of the two SNe populations is consistent with each other. Further, the clustering of SN hosts is consistent with that of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey DR12 spectroscopic galaxy sample in the same redshift range. Using a tidal shear classifier, we classify the LSS into voids, sheets, filaments, and knots. We find that both SNe and SDSS galaxies are predominantly found in sheets and filaments. SNe are significantly under-represented in voids and over-represented in knots compared to the volume fraction in these structures. This work opens the potential for using forthcoming wide-field deep SN surveys as a complementary LSS probe.