bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An alternative approach to quadratic scoring rules using continuous-valued logic
Authors: Dombi József , Jónás Tamás
Published: October 2022

Following tfhe seminal paper of Offerman et al. (2009), in this study, adaptations of constructions of continuous-valued logic to prospect theory are presented. Here, we demonstrate that the so-called kappa function and its special cases are viable alternatives to some elements of quadratic scoring rule prospects theory. After, we present the tau-eta scoring rule prospect and show that it may be treated as a generalization of the quadratic scoring rule prospect. Furthermore, we prove that if this new prospect for an uncertain event is evaluated using specific kappa functions as utility functions, then (1) the weighting measure of the event is a function of the optimal value of its reported probability, (2) the inverse of the latter function, and (3) the (risk-) corrected reported probability of the event, also as a function of the optimal value of its reported probability, all have a common formula. The parameters of the common formula are unambiguously determined by four tuning parameters. Lastly, we show that with our approach, by fitting one of the abovementioned functions to corresponding empirical data, we can immediately obtain the other two functions as well.
Continuum limits of discrete isoperimetric problems and Wulff shapes in lattices and quasicrystal tilings
Authors: Del Nin Giacomo , Petrache Mircea
Published: October 2022

We prove discrete-to-continuum convergence of interaction energies defined on lattices in the Euclidean space (with interactions beyond nearest neighbours) to a crystalline perimeter, and we discuss the possible Wulff shapes obtainable in this way. Exploiting the “multigrid construction” of quasiperiodic tilings (which is an extension of De Bruijn’s “pentagrid” construction of Penrose tilings) we adapt the same techniques to also find the macroscopical homogenized perimeter when we microscopically rescale a given quasiperiodic tiling.
Horizontal penetration of a finite-length intruder in granular materials
Authors: Zhang Ningning , Fuentes Raul
Published: October 2022

In recent years, bio-inspired burrowing robots and other intruder problems in granular media have attracted significant attention. Many of these, especially related to traditional penetration problems in geotechnical engineering, cover vertical penetration. Modelling these types of problems numerically using the discrete element method (DEM) is typically done ignoring gravity by controlling the stresses in the selected representative volume. Additionally, most problems involve infinitely long intruders from a modelling point of view. However, in horizontal penetration there is enough evidence to show that intruders are affected by an uplift force that affects the penetration and needs to be considered. In this paper we use the DEM to demonstrate the impact of considering vertical uplift and gravity for a finite-length intruder penetrating in a dense granular media through particle level and macro-behaviour. Additionally, through the numerical study, important mechanisms emerge during horizontal penetration, including four different distinct stages on the surrounding soil, or the extent of disruption, that are fundamentally distorted when gravity is ignored.

Graphical abstract
Model-driven design space exploration for multi-robot systems in simulation
Authors: Harbin James , Gerasimou Simos , Matragkas Nicholas , Zolotas Thanos , Calinescu Radu , Alpizar Santana Misael
Published: October 2022

Multi-robot systems are increasingly deployed to provide services and accomplish missions whose complexity or cost is too high for a single robot to achieve on its own. Although multi-robot systems offer increased reliability via redundancy and enable the execution of more challenging missions, engineering these systems is very complex. This complexity affects not only the architecture modelling of the robotic team but also the modelling and analysis of the collaborative intelligence enabling the team to complete its mission. Existing approaches for the development of multi-robot applications do not provide a systematic mechanism for capturing these aspects and assessing the robustness of multi-robot systems. We address this gap by introducing ATLAS, a novel model-driven approach supporting the systematic design space exploration and robustness analysis of multi-robot systems in simulation. The ATLAS domain-specific language enables modelling the architecture of the robotic team and its mission and facilitates the specification of the team’s intelligence. We evaluate ATLAS and demonstrate its effectiveness in three simulated case studies: a healthcare Turtlebot-based mission and two unmanned underwater vehicle missions developed using the Gazebo/ROS and MOOS-IvP robotic platforms, respectively.
New observables of the cosmic microwave background
Authors: Lanucara Marco , Daddato Robert J.
Published: October 2022

We introduce new observables of the cosmic microwave background radiation, which can be measured through the detection of high order modes excited within an antenna feed system, coherently combined with those currently detected by space observatories. The use of such observables could potentially further constrain the validity of cosmological theories.
Potential Usefulness of Tracking Head Movement via a Wearable Device for Equilibrium Function Testing at Home
Authors: Yamanobe Yoshiharu , Fujioka Masato , Ohashi Masanao , Ozawa Hiroyuki
Published: October 2022

Many studies have reported the use of wearable devices to acquire biological data for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. Balance dysfunction, however, is difficult to evaluate in real time because the equilibrium function is conventionally examined using a stabilometer installed on the ground. Here, we used a wearable accelerometer that measures head motion to evaluate balance and examined whether it performs comparably to a conventional stabilometer. We constructed a simplified physical head-feet model that simultaneously records “head” motion measured using an attached wearable accelerometer and center-of-gravity motion at the “feet”, which is measured using an attached stabilometer. Total trajectory length (r = 0.818, p -false discovery rate [FDR] = 0.004) and outer peripheral area (r = 0.691, p -FDR = 0.026) values measured using the wearable device and stabilometer were significantly positively correlated. Root mean square area values were not significantly correlated with wearable device stabilometry but were comparable. These results indicate that wearable, widely available, non-medical devices may be used to assess balance outside the hospital setting, and new approaches for testing balance function should be considered.
Interaction networks from discrete event data by Poisson multivariate mutual information estimation and information flow with applications from gene expression data
Authors: Fish Jeremie , Sun Jie , Bollt Erik
Published: October 2022

In this work, we introduce a new methodology for inferring the interaction structure of discrete valued time series which are Poisson distributed. While most related methods are premised on continuous state stochastic processes, in fact, discrete and counting event oriented stochastic process are natural and common, so called time-point processes. An important application that we focus on here is gene expression, where it is often assumed that the data is generated from a multivariate Poisson distribution. Nonparameteric methods such as the popular k-nearest neighbors are slow converging for discrete processes, and thus data hungry. Now, with the new multi-variate Poisson estimator developed here as the core computational engine, the causation entropy (CSE) principle, together with the associated greedy search algorithm optimal CSE (oCSE) allows us to efficiently infer the true network structure for this class of stochastic processes that were previously not practical. We illustrate the power of our method, first in benchmarking with synthetic datum, and then by inferring the genetic factors network from a breast cancer micro-ribonucleic acid sequence count data set. We show the Poisson oCSE gives the best performance among the tested methods and discovers previously known interactions on the breast cancer data set.
Parental food consumption and diet quality and its association with children’s food consumption in families at high risk of type 2 diabetes: the Feel4Diabetes-study
Authors: Mahmood Lubna , Moreno Luis A , Flores-Barrantes Paloma , Mavrogianni Christina , Schwarz Peter , Makrilakis Konstantinos , Liatis Stavros , Cardon Greet , Willems Ruben , Rurik Imre , Radó Sándorné , Tankova Tsvetalina , Iotova Violeta , Usheva Natalya , Manios Yannis , Gonzalez-Gil Esther M
Published: October 2022

Objective:

To examine the parental food consumption and diet quality and its associations with children’s consumption in families at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus across Europe. Also, to compare food frequency consumption among parents and children from high-risk families to the European Dietary guidelines/recommendations.

Design:

Cross-sectional study using Feel4diabetes FFQ.

Setting:

Families completed FFQ and anthropometric measures were obtained. Linear regression analyses were applied to investigate the relations between parental food consumption and diet quality and their children’s food consumption after consideration of potential confounders.

Participants:

2095 European families (74·6 % mothers, 50·9 % girls). The participants included parent and one child, aged 6–8 years.

Results:

Parental food consumption was significantly associated with children’s intake from the same food groups among boys and girls. Most parents and children showed under-consumption of healthy foods according to the European Dietary Guidelines. Parental diet quality was positively associated with children’s intake of ‘fruit’ (boys: β = 0·233, P < 0·001; girls: β = 0·134, P < 0·05) and ‘vegetables’ (boys: β = 0·177, P < 0·01; girls: β = 0·234, P < 0·001) and inversely associated with their ‘snacks’ consumption (boys: β = –0·143, P < 0·05; girls: β = –0·186, P < 0·01).

Conclusion:

The present study suggests an association between parental food consumption and diet quality and children’s food intake. More in-depth studies and lifestyle interventions that include both parents and children are therefore recommended for future research.
Kant on Moral Dilemmas
Authors: Hay Carol
Published: October 2022

The standard attribution of ought implies can rules out the possibility of Kantianism permitting the existence of moral dilemmas. Against this, I argue that Kantianism both can and should permit the existence of moral dilemmas. This new take on moral dilemmas should be of particular urgency to those hoping to radicalize Kant, I argue, because the work of oppression theorists shows that moral dilemmas are particularly likely to strike those who are already most vulnerable. The insights of oppression theory also suggest that the heretofore overlooked social and political implications of moral dilemmas are just as philosophically significant as the metaethical and ethical implications.
Property rights rule: comments on Bart Wilson's ‘The primacy of property; Or, the subordination of property rights’
Authors: Murtazashvili Ilia
Published: October 2022

Bart Wilson argues that property is based on custom, not rights. Wilson (2022) further argues for the primacy of property over property rights. Wilson's research, including the recent book, The Property Species: Mine, Yours, and the Human Mind (2020), is a significant and arguably pathbreaking contribution to the vast literature on property and property rights. It also falls into the trap of economic arguments that unnecessarily devalue legal rights. I ague that we can all agree that ideas about property are always important to understanding property rights but that property rights still rule. This is in part because those who have property typically care most about property rights. I also argue that Wilson's concept of property is too focused on private ownership, rather than shared ownership or even government ownership of property. I suggest that considering the idea of sharing and other legitimate forms of property ownership alongside private ownership would generalize Wilson's constructivist theory of property and improve our ability to explain the diversity of property rights.
Low-cost, compact, and reconfigurable antennas using complementary split-ring resonator metasurface for next-generation communication systems
Authors: Patel Shobhit K. , Lavadiya Sunil P. , Parmar Juveriya , Das Sudipta , Ahmed Kawsar , Taya Sofyan A.
Published: October 2022

An innovative and simple method for attaining broadband frequency reconfigurable antenna structure is presented using low-cost materials and a compact design. The frequency reconfigurability is attained by the “OFF” and “ON” mechanisms of three PIN diodes. Many performance observations are carried out such as reflectance coefficient, bandwidth (BW), resonance frequency, electric field, feed position variation, and gain among different configurations. The suitability of the presented work for the different applications lies in the X frequency band. The resonating frequency for all switch OFF modes is achieved at 13.2 GHz and one switch ON mode at 10.7 GHz. The proposed design yields the frequency tunability behavior over the broadband of 2.5 GHz. The design yields the directivity of 5.58 dB, the minimum reflectance coefficient of −17.27 dB, and a total gain of 3.87 dB. This design offers an electric field of 46 558 v/m, a BW of 340 MHz, and a normalized directivity of 87° using low-cost substrates. The results of the presented design were also fabricated and related to simulated results. Performance observation of the proposed work with previously published research work is also included. The presented design provides the solution of the low-cost, compact, reconfigurable antennas, which can be used for next-generation communication systems.
Benefits of Stochastic Weight Averaging in Developing Neural Network Radiation Scheme for Numerical Weather Prediction
Authors: Song Hwan‐Jin , Roh Soonyoung , Lee Juho , Nam Giung , Yun Eunggu , Yoon Jongmin , Kim Park Sa
Published: October 2022

Stochastic weight averaging (SWA) was applied to improve the radiation emulator based on a sequential neural network (SNN) in a numerical weather prediction model over Korea. While the SWA has advantages in terms of generalization such as the ensemble model, the computational cost is maintained at the same level as that of a single model. In this study, the performances of both emulators were evaluated under ideal and real case frameworks. Various sensitivity experiments using different sampling ratios, activation functions, hidden layers, and batch sizes were also conducted. The emulators showed a 60‐fold speedup for the radiation processes and 84%–87% reduction of the total computation. In the ideal simulation, compared to the infrequent radiation scheme by 60 times, SNN improved forecast errors by 5.8%–14.1%, and SWA further increased these improvements by 18.2%–26.9%. In the real case simulation, SNN showed 8.8% and 4.7% improvements for longwave and shortwave (SW) fluxes compared to the infrequent method; however, these improvements decreased significantly after 5 days, resulting in 1.8% larger error for skin temperature. By contrast, SWA showed stable 1‐week forecast features with 12.6%, 8.0%, and 4.4% improvements in longwave and SW fluxes, and skin temperature, respectively. Although the use of two hidden layers showed the best performance in this study, it was thought that the optimal number of hidden layers could differ depending on the given problem. Compared to temperature and precipitation observations, all experiments showed a variability of error within 1%, implying that the operational use of the developed emulators is possible.
Nearly Three Centuries of Lava Flow Subsidence at Timanfaya, Lanzarote
Authors: Purcell Victoria , Reddin Eoin , Ebmeier Susanna , González Pablo J. , Watson Andrew , Morishita Yu , Elliott John
Published: October 2022

The 1730–1736 eruption on Lanzarote was one of the most significant volcanic eruptions to occur on the Canary Islands, with lavas covering over 200 km2. Globally, it is volumetrically the third largest known subaerial basaltic fissure eruption in the past 1,100 years. Here we use Sentinel‐1 and ENVISAT interferograms on both ascending and descending orbits to construct a time series of line‐of‐sight surface displacements and calculate linear vertical deformation rates. We resolve a constant subsidence rate of about 6 mm/yr associated with an area of ∼20 km2 within the central and western portion of the Timanfaya lava flows relative to the rest of the island. This is consistent over the 28‐year period (1992–2020) covered by the Sentinel‐1 and ENVISAT data when combined with the previously published European Remote‐Sensing Satellite data. Time series constructed using Sentinel‐1 short interval interferograms have previously been shown to suffer systematic biases and we find that by making longer period interferograms these biases can be mitigated (when compared against an averaged stack of 1‐year interferograms). Cooling‐driven contraction of an intrusion would require improbably large sill thickness to achieve the observed subsidence rates. Our observations are consistent with the cooling of lavas on the order of one hundred meters, twice as thick as previous estimates, which suggests overall lava volume for this eruption may have been underestimated. This is also evidence of the longest duration of lava flow subsidence ever imaged which indicates that these cumulative thick flows can continue to deform significantly even three centuries after emplacement.
Uniformitarian Prediction of Early‐Pleistocene Atmospheric CO2
Authors: Liautaud Parker , Huybers Peter
Published: October 2022

Despite recent empirical and modeling advances, atmospheric CO2 concentrations during the early Pleistocene remain uncertain. Using a recently‐developed Bayesian paleoclimate model, an ensemble of seven different CO2 records is inferred conditional on reconstructions of past sea level. Five ensemble members give a consensus prediction that CO2 concentrations averaged 241 ppm (238–245 ppm 95% CI) between 2 and 0.8 Ma. Uncertainty estimates account for contributions from orbital forcing, age uncertainties, and other factors. Our consensus prediction aligns well with a compilation of previously published δ11B‐based CO2 reconstructions after calibration to late‐Pleistocene ice‐core CO2 values, as well as with 60 early‐Pleistocene CO2 measurements from the Allan Hills in East Antarctica. Our consensus prediction can be definitively tested by obtaining continuous ice‐core atmospheric CO2 records that extend into the early Pleistocene.
Projecting Stratocumulus Transitions on the Albedo—Cloud Fraction Relationship Reveals Linearity of Albedo to Droplet Concentrations
Authors: Goren Tom , Feingold Graham , Gryspeerdt Edward , Kazil Jan , Kretzschmar Jan , Jia Hailing , Quaas Johannes
Published: October 2022

Satellite images show solid marine stratocumulus cloud decks (Sc) that break up over the remote oceans. The Sc breakup is initiated by precipitation and is accompanied by a strong reduction in the cloud radiative effect. Aerosol has been shown to delay the Sc breakup by postponing the onset of precipitation, however its climatic effect is uncertain. Here we introduce a new approach that allows us to re‐cast currently observed cloud cover and albedo to their counterfactual cleaner world, enabling the first estimate of the radiative effect due to delayed cloud breakup. Using simple radiative approximation, the radiative forcing with respect to pre‐industrial times due to delayed Sc breakup is −0.39 W m−2. The radiative effect changes nearly linearly with aerosol due to the droplet concentration control on the cloud cover, suggesting a potentially accelerated warming if the current trend of reduction in aerosol emissions continues.
S-nitrosylation of CSF1 receptor increases the efficacy of CSF1R blockage against prostate cancer
Authors: Firdaus Fakiha , Kuchakulla Manish , Qureshi Rehana , Dulce Raul Ariel , Soni Yash , Van Booven Derek J. , Shah Khushi , Masterson Thomas , Rosete Omar Joel , Punnen Sanoj , Hare Joshua M. , Ramasamy Ranjith , Arora Himanshu
Published: October 2022

Sustained oxidative stress in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cells potentiates the overall tumor microenvironment (TME). Targeting the TME using colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibition is a promising therapy for CRPC. However, the therapeutic response to sustained CSF1R inhibition (CSF1Ri) is limited as a monotherapy. We hypothesized that one of the underlying causes for the reduced efficacy of CSF1Ri and increased oxidation in CRPC is the upregulation and uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3). Here we show that in high-grade PCa human specimens, NOS3 abundance positively correlates with CSF1-CSF1R signaling and remains uncoupled. The uncoupling diminishes NOS3 generation of sufficient nitric oxide (NO) required for S-nitrosylation of CSF1R at specific cysteine sites (Cys 224, Cys 278, and Cys 830). Exogenous S-nitrosothiol administration (with S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO)) induces S-nitrosylation of CSF1R and rescues the excess oxidation in tumor regions, in turn suppressing the tumor-promoting cytokines which are ineffectively suppressed by CSF1R blockade. Together these results suggest that NO administration could act as an effective combinatorial partner with CSF1R blockade against CRPC. In this context, we further show that exogenous NO treatment with GSNOR successfully augments the anti-tumor ability of CSF1Ri to effectively reduce the overall tumor burden, decreases the intratumoral percentage of anti-inflammatory macrophages, myeloid-derived progenitor cells and increases the percentage of pro-inflammatory macrophages, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and effector T cells, respectively. Together, these findings support the concept that the NO-CSF1Ri combination has the potential to act as a therapeutic agent that restores control over TME, which in turn could improve the outcomes of PCa patients.
A hypothalamic dopamine locus for psychostimulant-induced hyperlocomotion in mice
Authors: Korchynska Solomiia , Rebernik Patrick , Pende Marko , Boi Laura , Alpár Alán , Tasan Ramon , Becker Klaus , Balueva Kira , Saghafi Saiedeh , Wulff Peer , Horvath Tamas L. , Fisone Gilberto , Dodt Hans-Ulrich , Hökfelt Tomas , Harkany Tibor , Romanov Roman A.
Published: October 2022

The lateral septum (LS) has been implicated in the regulation of locomotion. Nevertheless, the neurons synchronizing LS activity with the brain’s clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) remain unknown. By interrogating the molecular, anatomical and physiological heterogeneity of dopamine neurons of the periventricular nucleus (PeVN; A14 catecholaminergic group), we find that Th+/Dat1+ cells from its anterior subdivision innervate the LS in mice. These dopamine neurons receive dense neuropeptidergic innervation from the SCN. Reciprocal viral tracing in combination with optogenetic stimulation ex vivo identified somatostatin-containing neurons in the LS as preferred synaptic targets of extrahypothalamic A14 efferents. In vivo chemogenetic manipulation of anterior A14 neurons impacted locomotion. Moreover, chemogenetic inhibition of dopamine output from the anterior PeVN normalized amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion, particularly during sedentary periods. Cumulatively, our findings identify a hypothalamic locus for the diurnal control of locomotion and pinpoint a midbrain-independent cellular target of psychostimulants.
Ovarian tumor diagnosis using deep convolutional neural networks and a denoising convolutional autoencoder
Authors: Jung Yuyeon , Kim Taewan , Han Mi-Ryung , Kim Sejin , Kim Geunyoung , Lee Seungchul , Choi Youn Jin
Published: October 2022

Discrimination of ovarian tumors is necessary for proper treatment. In this study, we developed a convolutional neural network model with a convolutional autoencoder (CNN-CAE) to classify ovarian tumors. A total of 1613 ultrasound images of ovaries with known pathological diagnoses were pre-processed and augmented for deep learning analysis. We designed a CNN-CAE model that removes the unnecessary information (e.g., calipers and annotations) from ultrasound images and classifies ovaries into five classes. We used fivefold cross-validation to evaluate the performance of the CNN-CAE model in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM) was applied to visualize and verify the CNN-CAE model results qualitatively. In classifying normal versus ovarian tumors, the CNN-CAE model showed 97.2% accuracy, 97.2% sensitivity, and 0.9936 AUC with DenseNet121 CNN architecture. In distinguishing malignant ovarian tumors, the CNN-CAE model showed 90.12% accuracy, 86.67% sensitivity, and 0.9406 AUC with DenseNet161 CNN architecture. Grad-CAM showed that the CNN-CAE model recognizes valid texture and morphology features from the ultrasound images and classifies ovarian tumors from these features. CNN-CAE is a feasible diagnostic tool that is capable of robustly classifying ovarian tumors by eliminating marks on ultrasound images. CNN-CAE demonstrates an important application value in clinical conditions.
JSCSNCP-LMA: a method for predicting the association of lncRNA–miRNA
Authors: Wang Bo , Wang Xinwei , Zheng Xiaodong , Han Yu , Du Xiaoxin
Published: October 2022

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have long been considered the "white elephant" on the genome because they lack the ability to encode proteins. However, in recent years, more and more biological experiments and clinical reports have proved that ncRNAs account for a large proportion in organisms. At the same time, they play a decisive role in the biological processes such as gene expression and cell growth and development. Recently, it has been found that short sequence non-coding RNA(miRNA) and long sequence non-coding RNA(lncRNA) can regulate each other, which plays an important role in various complex human diseases. In this paper, we used a new method (JSCSNCP-LMA) to predict lncRNA–miRNA with unknown associations. This method combined Jaccard similarity algorithm, self-tuning spectral clustering similarity algorithm, cosine similarity algorithm and known lncRNA–miRNA association networks, and used the consistency projection to complete the final prediction. The results showed that the AUC values of JSCSNCP-LMA in fivefold cross validation (fivefold CV) and leave-one-out cross validation (LOOCV) were 0.9145 and 0.9268, respectively. Compared with other models, we have successfully proved its superiority and good extensibility. Meanwhile, the model also used three different lncRNA–miRNA datasets in the fivefold CV experiment and obtained good results with AUC values of 0.9145, 0.9662 and 0.9505, respectively. Therefore, JSCSNCP-LMA will help to predict the associations between lncRNA and miRNA.
New symptoms and prevalence of postacute COVID-19 syndrome among nonhospitalized COVID-19 survivors
Authors: Albtoosh Asma S. , Toubasi Ahmad A. , Al Oweidat Khaled , Hasuneh Manar M. , Alshurafa Abdullah H. , Alfaqheri Daniah L. , Farah Randa I.
Published: October 2022

The aim of this study was to assess postacute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) syndrome (PACS) symptoms according to the onset of the infection while evaluating the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on the symptoms of PACS. We conducted a retrospective single-center cohort study in which nonhospitalized COVID-19 survivors and healthy controls were compared for the occurrence of PACS. The total number of patients in this study was 472. At 6–12 and > 12 months after the infection, COVID-19 survivors had a significantly higher incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and anxiety than the non-COVID-19 cohort. Furthermore, depression, cognitive deficit, tics, impaired quality of life and general health impairment were significantly more prevalent among COVID-19 survivors at < 6 months, 6–12 months and > 12 months than in the non-COVID-19 cohort. However, respiratory symptoms were significantly more prevalent among COVID-19 survivors only in the first 6 months after infection. In addition, cognitive deficit (OR = 0.15; 95% CI 0.03–0.87) and impaired quality of life (B = − 2.11; 95% CI − 4.21 to − 0.20) were significantly less prevalent among vaccinated COVID-19 survivors than among nonvaccinated survivors. Longitudinal studies are needed to establish the time that should elapse after COVID-19 infection for the symptoms of PACS to appear. Randomized clinical trials are needed to assess the possibility that COVID-19 vaccines might relieve PACS symptoms.
Interference effects in GaN high electron mobility transistor power amplifier induced by microwave pulses
Authors: Zhao Jingtao , Chen Quanyou , Chen Chaoyang , Chen Zhidong , Liu Zhong , Zhao Gang
Published: October 2022

Owing to the rapid development of wireless communication, radar and pulse power technology, the electromagnetic environment faced by electronic systems is increasingly complex and the intensity of electromagnetic field can be significant. In this study, a new interference phenomenon was observed when the microwave pulses were injected into the gallium nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) power amplifier through the output port. We investigated the relationship between the peak power of reverse injection microwave pulses and the duration or the amplitude of the interference by effect experiments. The interference duration could reach the magnitude of millisecond. Deep traps in GaN HEMT power amplifiers are proved to be the cause of this interference effects.
Multi-angle meta-analysis of the gut microbiome in Autism Spectrum Disorder: a step toward understanding patient subgroups
Authors: West Kiana A. , Yin Xiaochen , Rutherford Erica M. , Wee Brendan , Choi Jinlyung , Chrisman Brianna S. , Dunlap Kaiti L. , Hannibal Roberta L. , Hartono Wiputra , Lin Michelle , Raack Edward , Sabino Kayleen , Wu Yonggan , Wall Dennis P. , David Maude M. , Dabbagh Karim , DeSantis Todd Z. , Iwai Shoko
Published: October 2022

Observational studies have shown that the composition of the human gut microbiome in children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) differs significantly from that of their neurotypical (NT) counterparts. Thus far, reported ASD-specific microbiome signatures have been inconsistent. To uncover reproducible signatures, we compiled 10 publicly available raw amplicon and metagenomic sequencing datasets alongside new data generated from an internal cohort (the largest ASD cohort to date), unified them with standardized pre-processing methods, and conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of all taxa and variables detected across multiple studies. By screening metadata to test associations between the microbiome and 52 variables in multiple patient subsets and across multiple datasets, we determined that differentially abundant taxa in ASD versus NT children were dependent upon age, sex, and bowel function, thus marking these variables as potential confounders in case–control ASD studies. Several taxa, including the strains Bacteroides stercoris t__190463 and Clostridium M bolteae t__180407, and the species Granulicatella elegans and Massilioclostridium coli, exhibited differential abundance in ASD compared to NT children only after subjects with bowel dysfunction were removed. Adjusting for age, sex and bowel function resulted in adding or removing significantly differentially abundant taxa in ASD-diagnosed individuals, emphasizing the importance of collecting and controlling for these metadata. We have performed the largest (n = 690) and most comprehensive systematic analysis of ASD gut microbiome data to date. Our study demonstrated the importance of accounting for confounding variables when designing statistical comparative analyses of ASD- and NT-associated gut bacterial profiles. Mitigating these confounders identified robust microbial signatures across cohorts, signifying the importance of accounting for these factors in comparative analyses of ASD and NT-associated gut profiles. Such studies will advance the understanding of different patient groups to deliver appropriate therapeutics by identifying microbiome traits germane to the specific ASD phenotype.
Simulation of the activation of mining faults and grouting reinforcement under thick loose layer and thin bedrock
Authors: Zhang Wenquan , Lei Yu , Shao Jianli , Wu Xunan , Li Song , Ma Chaoqun
Published: October 2022

We have investigated the activation characteristics of mining faults and the effect of grouting reinforcement under thick loose layer and thin bedrock of the working face and evaluate their impact on the safety of mining at similar working faces. Implementing the geological conditions of the 331 working face of the Yangcun Coal Mine (China) of the Yankuang Energy Group Corporation, we have analyzed mechanically the process of fault activation at first. Subsequently, we have obtained the mechanical criterion of fault slip and the expression of relative strength of the nearby rock mass. Using numerical software we have simulated and analyzed the damage characteristics of different bedrock thicknesses on overlying rocks and faults in the fluid–solid coupling mode. In addition, we have studied the controlling effect of grouting reinforcement on fault activation, which has been verified in the field. The main results of our study show that: 1. The mechanical properties of the rock mass near the fault interface have changed and they are related to the cohesive force of the interface; 2. The water inrush mode of the working face changes under different bedrock thickness, and the thinner the bedrock, the less easily the fault is destroyed 3. The slip of the high-level fault is reduced after the grouting of the fault, the propagation of the fracture zone at the fault is suppressed, the seepage of the aquifer water is prevented, and the safe recovery is realized. The results of our study provide a scientific basis for the secure mining across the fault of the 331 working face of Yangcun Coal Mine. Based on the results of our study the working face can be mined safely from now on and in the future.
Neurocognitive analyses reveal that video game players exhibit enhanced implicit temporal processing
Authors: Foerster Francois R. , Chidharom Matthieu , Bonnefond Anne , Giersch Anne
Published: October 2022

Winning in action video games requires to predict timed events in order to react fast enough. In these games, repeated waiting for enemies may help to develop implicit (incidental) preparation mechanisms. We compared action video game players and non-video game players in a reaction time task involving both implicit time preparations and explicit (conscious) temporal attention cues. Participants were immersed in virtual reality and instructed to respond to a visual target appearing at variable delays after a warning signal. In half of the trials, an explicit cue indicated when the target would occur after the warning signal. Behavioral, oculomotor and EEG data consistently indicate that, compared with non-video game players, video game players better prepare in time using implicit mechanisms. This sheds light on the neglected role of implicit timing and related electrophysiological mechanisms in gaming research. The results further suggest that game-based interventions may help remediate implicit timing disorders found in psychiatric populations.
Fractional correlated insulating states at one-third filled magic angle twisted bilayer graphene
Authors: Zhang Kevin , Zhang Yang , Fu Liang , Kim Eun-Ah
Published: October 2022

The observation of superconductivity and correlated insulating states in twisted bilayer graphene has motivated much theoretical progress at integer fillings. However, little attention has been given to fractional fillings. Here we show that the three-peak structure of Wannier orbitals, dictated by the symmetry and topology of flat bands, facilitates the emergence of a state we name a “fractional correlated insulator” at commensurate fractional filling of ν = n ± 1/3. Specifically for the filling of 1/3 electrons per moiré unit cell, we show that short-range interactions lead to an extensive entropy due to the “breathing” degree of freedom of an irregular honeycomb lattice that emerges through defect lines. The leading further-range interaction lifts this degeneracy and selects a ferromagnetic nematic state that breaks AB/BA sublattice symmetry. The proposed fractional correlated insulating state might underlie the suppression of superconductivity at ν = 2 − 1/3 filling observed in ref. 1.
Correction: Efficiently increasing the radiative rate of TADF material with metal coordination
Authors: Cai Xian-Bao , Liang Dong , Yang Mingxue , Wu Xiao-Yuan , Lu Can-Zhong , Yu Rongmin
Published: October 2022

Correction for ‘Efficiently increasing the radiative rate of TADF material with metal coordination’ by Xian-Bao Cai et al., Chem. Commun., 2022, 58, 8970–8973, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CC02930H.
Correction: An azobenzene-modified redox-active ionic liquid electrolyte for supercapacitors
Authors: Zhao Yuhua , Chen Yujuan , Zhuo Kelei , Du Quanzhou , Sun Dong , Li Zhiyong , Wang Huiyong , Yan Changling , Wang Jianji
Published: October 2022

Correction for ‘An azobenzene-modified redox-active ionic liquid electrolyte for supercapacitors’ by Yuhua Zhao et al., Chem. Commun., 2022, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2cc04081f.
Salts of rucaparib with dicarboxylic acids: synthesis, crystal structures and solubility
Authors: Wu Chao , Gao Lu , Xiong Jing , Dai Xia-Lin , Gao Wei , Lu Tong-Bu , Chen Jia-Mei
Published: October 2022

Three new salts of rucaparib with fumaric acid, adipic acid and pimelic acid were synthesized and characterized, and the latter two demonstrate significantly improved solubility without sacrificing hygroscopicity and physical stability.
Estimated timescales for wet deposition of organic compounds as a function of Henry's law constants
Authors: Bi Chenyang , Isaacman-VanWertz Gabriel
Published: October 2022

Precipitation frequency and duration rather than intensity drive most of the differences in wet deposition between sites.
Co-sputtered CuPt/Ag alloy nanoparticles and comparative catalytic performance of mono-, bi-, and tri-metallic nanoparticles in the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Zhu Mingbei , Nguyen Mai Thanh , Sim Wei Jian , Yonezawa Tetsu
Published: October 2022

CuPt/Ag trimetallic alloy nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by co-sputtering onto liquid polyethylene glycol (PEG), using a CuPt alloy target and an Ag target.
Insights into the multifunctional applications of strategically Co doped MoS2 nanoflakes
Authors: Rahman R. , Chaudhuri S. , Samanta D. , Pathak A. , Nath T. K.
Published: October 2022

Simultaneous tuning of magnetic, transport and electrochemical properties through strategic doping of cobalt (Co) ions in hydrothermally treated multi-layered MoS2 nanoflakes (NFs).
Exploration of piperidine 3D fragment chemical space: synthesis and 3D shape analysis of fragments derived from 20 regio- and diastereoisomers of methyl substituted pipecolinates
Authors: Jones S. Paul , Firth James D. , Wheldon Mary C. , Atobe Masakazu , Hubbard Roderick E. , Blakemore David C. , De Fusco Claudia , Lucas Simon C. C. , Roughley Stephen D. , Vidler Lewis R. , Whatton Maria Ann , Woolford Alison J.-A. , Wrigley Gail L. , O'Brien Peter
Published: October 2022

The synthesis and 3D shape analysis of fragments derived from 20 regio- and diastereoisomers of methyl substituted pipecolinates is described.
One-pot construction of CoSe nanoparticles anchored on single-atomic-Co doped carbon for pH-universal hydrogen evolution
Authors: Che Sai , Ta Na , Yang Fan , Yan Xingru , Liu Hongchen , Chen Neng , Sun Siyuan , Wang Chaonan , Jiang Bo , Sun Yang , Wang Ying , Li Yongfeng
Published: October 2022

CoSe nanoparticles anchored on single-atomic-Co doped carbon showed superior pH-universal HER activities and durabilities through heterostructure interfacial charge transfer.
Five-membered carbocycle construction in the synthesis of Daphniphyllum alkaloids: recent strategic and methodological advances
Authors: Zhang Xiaofeng , Xu Jing
Published: October 2022

In this review article, we summarize novel or non-standard strategies and methods for the five-membered carbocycle construction in recent Daphniphyllum alkaloid synthesis.
Fundamental curiosity of multivicinal inter-halide stereocenters
Authors: Lessard Olivier , Lainé Danny , Fecteau Charles-Émile , Johnson Paul A. , Giguère Denis
Published: October 2022

A stereoselective strategy allowed the striking impact of a single halogen on the physical properties of inter-halide alkane units to be unravelled.
Correction: Heteroaggregation behavior of graphene oxide on Zr-based metal–organic frameworks in aqueous solutions: a combined experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Li Jie , Wu Qunyan , Wang Xiangxue , Chai Zhifang , Shi Weiqun , Hou Jing , Hayat Tasawar , Alsaedi Ahmed , Wang Xiangke
Published: October 2022

Correction for ‘Heteroaggregation behavior of graphene oxide on Zr-based metal–organic frameworks in aqueous solutions: a combined experimental and theoretical study’ by Jie Li et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2017, 5, 20398–20406, https://doi.org/10.1039/C7TA06462D.
Guaranteed contraction of adaptive inexact hp-refinement strategies with realistic stopping criteria
Authors: Daniel Patrik , Vohralík Martin
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this contribution it to theoretically analyze the adaptive refinement strategies for conforming hp-finite element approximations of elliptic problems proposed for exact algebraic solvers in (P. Daniel, A. Ern, I. Smears and M. Vohralk, Comput. Math. Appl. 76 (2018) 967–983.) and for inexact algebraic solvers in (P. Daniel, A. Ern, and M. Vohralk, Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 359 (2020) 112607.). Both of these strategies are driven by guaranteed equilibrated flux energy error estimators. The employed hp-refinement criterion stems from solving two separate local residual problems posed only on the patches of elements around marked vertices selected by a bulk-chasing criterion. In the above references, we have derived a fully computable guaranteed bound on the ratio of the error on two successive steps of the hp-adaptive loop. Here, our focus is to prove that this ratio is uniformly smaller than one, and thus the convergence of the adaptive and adaptive inexact hp-refinement strategies. To be able to achieve this goal, we have to introduce some additional assumptions on the h- and p-refinements, namely an extension of the marked region, as well as a sufficient h- or p-refinement of each marked patch. We investigate two such strategies, where one ensures a polynomial-degree-robust guaranteed contraction. In the inexact case, a sufficiently precise stopping criterion for the algebraic solver is requested, but this criterion remains fully computable and also realistic in the sense that in our numerical experiments, it does not request the algebraic error to be excessively small in comparison with the total error.
Stellenwert der „inner Branches“ in der komplexen endovaskulären Aortenchirurgie
Authors: Lescan Mario
Published: October 2022

Die komplexe endovaskuläre Therapie der Aorta mit fenestrierten und gebranchten Prothesen spielt eine wichtige Rolle in der heutigen Gefäßmedizin. Daraus resultieren innovative
medizintechnische Lösungen, die für immer anspruchsvollere Aortenpathologien eingesetzt werden. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die zunehmende Bedeutung der „inner Branches“ in der komplexen
Aortenchirurgie darzustellen. Die Vorteile und Grenzen dieser Technik sollten aufgezeigt und die aktuelle Datenlage zusammengefasst werden. Dazu wurden die „inner Branches“ (iBEVAR) den
Standardverfahren (Fenestrationen [FEVAR], „outer Branches“ [BEVAR]) gegenübergestellt und ihre technischen Vor- und Nachteile erarbeitet. Kennzeichnend ist der weit verbreitete Einsatz der
iBEVAR im Aortenbogen im Gegensatz zur thorakoabdominellen Aorta, was sich auch in der spärlichen Datenlage im thorakoabdominellen Abschnitt widerspiegelt. Die Letztere basiert auf kleineren
retrospektiven Studien mit 1-jährigem Follow-up. Die seit 2 Jahren verfügbare thorakoabdominelle „off-the-shelf“-Prothese wird voraussichtlich zu einer weiteren Verbreitung der „inner
Branches“ im thorakoabdominellen Abschnitt führen, wobei die von der Industrie geförderte Registerstudie wichtige Evidenz zur erörterten Technik bereitstellen könnte.
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Use and Risk of Major Bleeding during Treatment with Vitamin K Antagonists: Results of A Cohort Study
Authors: Bakker Sanne , Burggraaf Johanna Louise I. , Kruip Marieke J. H. A. , van der Meer Felix J. M. , Lijfering Willem M. , van Rein Nienke
Published: October 2022

Background Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may increase the risk of major bleeding by decreasing platelet function or decreasing vitamin K antagonist (VKA) metabolism via cytochrome P450 (CYP) inhibition.

Aims To determine whether SSRIs are associated with major bleeding during VKA treatment and investigate the possible mechanisms.

Methods In this cohort study, information on SSRI use and bleeding complications was obtained from patient records of VKA initiators between 2006 and 2018 from two anticoagulation clinics. Conditional logistic regression and time-dependent Cox regression were used to estimate the effect of SSRIs on a high international normalized ratio (INR ≥ 5) within 2 months after SSRI initiation and on major bleeding during the entire period of SSRI use, respectively. SSRI use was stratified for (non-)CYP2C9 inhibitors.

Results A total of 58,918 patients were included, of whom 1,504 were SSRI users. SSRI initiation versus nonuse was associated with a 2.41-fold (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.01–2.89) increased risk for a high INR, which was 3.14-fold (95% CI: 1.33–7.43) among CYP2C9-inhibiting SSRI users. The adjusted hazard ratio of major bleeding was 1.22 (95% CI: 0.99–1.50) in all SSRI users and 1.31 (95% CI: 0.62–2.72) in CYP2C9-inhibiting SSRI users compared with nonusers.

Conclusion SSRI use is associated with an increased risk of high INR and might be associated with major bleeding. The risk of a high INR was slightly more elevated for CYP2C9-inhibiting SSRI users, suggesting there might be a pharmacokinetic interaction (by CYP2C9 inhibition) next to a pharmacodynamic effect of SSRIs on platelet activation.