bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case Law of the Supreme Courts in Post-Soviet Legal Systems
Authors: Stetsyk Nazar
Published: August 2018

The article is dedicated to introduction of case law of the supreme courts in post-Soviet legal systems and the issues thereof. The author analyzes the means of unifying judicial practice by regulatory explanations of the supreme courts in Soviet legal systems. The thesis that such practices negatively affected the independence of the judiciary and generated formalism and passivity of the judiciary was justified. The author clarifies, which post-Soviet countries still have such regulatory explanations, and which ones have refused them and how that was done. The legal provisions, which introduced case law in such post-Soviet legal systems as Azerbaijan, Armenia, Estonia, Georgia, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova and Ukraine are analyzed. The author states the necessity of further research of mechanisms for ensuring case law practice in post-Soviet legal systems.
Obstructive Pyelonephritis in a Diabetic  Think Sloughed Papilla!
Authors: Mason Sarah , Good Daniel W. , Al-Jaafari Feras
Published: August 2018

This case describes a patient presenting with AKI, loin pain, pyrexia and unilateral hydronephrosis secondary to obstructing sloughed papilla. It demonstrates the importance of considering alternative causes of radiolucent obstructive uropathy in patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus especially where there are risk factors for renal papillary necrosis.
“Caught Between a Rock and a Hard Place” – Until the Patterson Forester Extra-Anatomic Stent Bailed us Out
Authors: Good Daniel W , Pillai Sanjay , Al-Jaafari Feras
Published: August 2018

Impassable ureteric obstruction (benign or malignant) can cause a real challenge to every endoluminal endourologist. Usually a percutaneous nephrostomy is the initial approach to drain the obstructed kidney and often becomes the long term option if reconstruction is not possible. We describe the case of a patient awaiting cardiovascular repair for severe valvular disease who was denied surgery due to his long term nephrostomy for an impassable ureter. His nephrostomy was internalised via an extra-anatomical subcutaneous tract into the bladder using a Patterson-Forrester stent ridding him of the tube and allowing him to be listed for life saving heart surgery. Following heart surgery his fitness will be reassessed and definitive treatment will be planned accordingly.
Board and Management-Level Factors Affecting the Maturity of IT Risk Management Practices
Authors: Vincent Nishani Edirisinghe , Higgs Julia L. , Pinsker Robert E.
Published: August 2018

The Securities and Exchange Commission's 2009 enhanced proxy disclosure requirements and the updated Committee of Sponsoring Organizations' (COSO) Internal Control Framework have caused organizations to increase their focus on risk management and consider the impact of information technology (IT) in enterprise risk management. Our study examines whether board involvement, board expertise, and top management's risk culture affect the maturity of IT risk management practices (maturity) in firms. We find that board involvement positively influences maturity while top managers' risk-taking behavior is associated with lower maturity. Even though board expertise influences maturity, board involvement is more important in explaining maturity. Maturity is higher in firms where risk oversight lies with a board-level, rather than a management, committee. However, the maturity of ITRM practices does not differ among firms whether risk oversight lies with the overall board, or any other board committee. The findings contribute to an under-researched area in IT governance.
Insulin Action Research and the Future of Diabetes Treatment: The 2017 Banting Medal for Scientific Achievement Lecture
Authors: Accili Domenico
Published: August 2018

Diabetes is caused by combined abnormalities in insulin production and action. The pathophysiology of these defects has been studied extensively and is reasonably well understood. Their causes are elusive and their manifestations pleiotropic, likely reflecting the triple threat of genes, environment, and lifestyle. Treatment, once restricted to monotherapy with secretagogues or insulin, now involves complex combinations of expensive regimens that stem the progression but do not fundamentally alter the underlying causes of the disease. As advances in our understanding of insulin action and β-cell failure reach a critical stage, here I draw on lessons learned from our research on insulin regulation of gene expression and pancreatic β-cell dedifferentiation to address the question of how we can translate this exciting biology into mechanism-based interventions to reverse the course of diabetes.
Considerations in Epidemiologic Definitions of Undiagnosed Diabetes
Authors: Geiss Linda S. , Bullard Kai McKeever , Brinks Ralph , Gregg Edward W.
Published: August 2018

Accurately quantifying undiagnosed type 2 diabetes is an important challenge for conducting diabetes surveillance and identifying the potential missed opportunities for preventing complications. However, there has been little focused attention on how undiagnosed diabetes is defined in epidemiologic surveys and how limitations in methods used to ascertain undiagnosed diabetes may impact our understanding of the magnitude of this important public health problem. This Perspective highlights weaknesses in how undiagnosed diabetes is quantified in epidemiologic research and the biases and caveats that should be considered when using estimates of undiagnosed diabetes to influence public health policy.
Political Processes in the Republics of post-Soviet Central Asia
Authors: MALYSHEVA D. B.
Published: August 2018

The article analyzes contemporary political processes in the newly  independent states of post-Soviet Central Asia. The peculiarities of  functioning of their centralized political systems, as well as the  interaction of the executive (the president and the government) and  the legislative (parliament) branches of power are considered in the  context of the authoritarian type of government that prevails in most  countries of the region. Attention is drawn to the use by the  ruling elites for the purposes of political mobilization of procedures  for electoral democracy (elections, etc.), which is mostly of a formal  nature. The place in the power structures of both officially  recognized political parties and opposition ones is defined, which are  divided mainly into secular and religious (Islamist). Informal political structures that function in a number of cases in the form of regional  communities, territorial or ethnic clans are considered in the article as a specific characteristic of Central Asian societies. Based on the analysis of the political process in the Central Asian countries, it  was concluded that the whole period of post-Soviet transit has come  to an end and that authoritarian but consolidated regimes of a new  type are emerging in the region; they form a sovereign statehood  and an independent foreign policy strategy.
Job Satisfaction and Job Performance in PT XYZ
Authors: Valianawaty Cindy , Sutanto Eddy Madiono
Published: August 2018

This study was aimed to describe the measurements levels of job satisfaction and job performance, as well as to examine the positive effects on job satisfaction of employees performance in PT XYZ. This study used a quantitative approach, primary data which was obtained from the questionnaires to 60 employees, and secondary data from the company record, literature and previous research. The conclusion was, first, that each of individual employees had different job satisfaction. Second, the job performance was individual. Third, job satisfaction was high, working condition indicator as the highest and social service indicator as the lowest. Fourth, job performance was high, quality of work indicator as the highest, as well as cooperative and dependability indicator as the lowest. Fifth, the job satisfaction had no positive effect on job performance in PT XYZ.
Credit Risk, Market Risk, Operational Risk and Liquidity Risk on Profitability of Banks in Indonesia
Authors: Fahrul Muhammad , Rusliati Ellen
Published: August 2018

This study examines the effect of credit risk, market risk, operational risk, and liquidity risk on profitability of banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2010-2014. The method used is descriptive and verification methods, with a sample of 30 banks and using multiple regression analysis. The results showed that credit risk does not partially affect profitability. Market risk, operational risk, and liquidity risk partially have positive effect on profitability. It simultaneously shows that credit risk, market risk, operational risk and liquidity risk have effect on the profitability of banks amounted to 67.1%. Improvement of Non-Performing Loan, Net Interest Margin, Operating Expenses to Operating Income Ratio, and Loan to Deposit Ratio will increase the Profitability.
Combined Effects of Soret and Dufour on MHD Flow of a Power-Law Fluid Over Flat Plate in Slip Flow Rigime
Authors: Saritha K. , Rajasekhar M.N. , Reddy B.S.
Published: August 2018

A numerical model is developed to study the Soret and Dufour effects on MHD boundary layer flow of a power-law fluid over a flat plate with velocity, thermal and solutal slip boundary conditions. The governing equations for momentum, energy and mass are transformed to a set of non-linear coupled ordinary differential equations by using similarity transformations. These non-linear ordinary differential equations are first linearized using a quasi-linearization technique and then solved numerically based on the implicit finite difference scheme over the entire range of physical parameters with appropriate boundary conditions. The influence of various governing parameters along with velocity, thermal and mass slip parameters on velocity, temperature and concentration fields are examined graphically. Also, the effects of slip parameters, the Soret and Dufour number on the skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are studied. Results show that the increase in the Soret number leads to a decrease in the temperature distribution and to an increase in concentration fields.
Effect of Variable Viscosity on MHD Inclined Arterial Blood Flow with Chemical Reaction
Authors: Tripathi B. , Sharma B.K.
Published: August 2018

In this paper, we present the mathematical study of heat and mass transfer effects on an arterial blood flow under the influence of an applied magnetic field with chemical reaction. A case of mild stenosis is considered in a non-tapered artery which is inclined at an angle γ from the axis. The variable viscosity of the blood is considered varying with the hematocrit ratio. Governing non-linear differential equations have been solved by using an analytical scheme, homotopy perturbation method to obtain the solution for the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles of the blood flow. For having an adequate insight to blood flow behavior through a stenosed artery, graphs have been plotted for wall shear stress, velocity, temperature and concentration profiles with varying values of the applied magnetic field, chemical reaction parameter and porosity parameter. The results show that in an inclined artery, the magnitude of the wall shear stress at stenosis throat increases as values of the applied magnetic field increase while it reduces as the values of both the chemical reaction and porosity parameters increase. Contour plots have been plotted to show the variations of the velocity profile of blood flow as the values of the height of the stenosis as well as the influence of the applied magnetic field increase.
Application of the Rigid Finite Element Method to Static Analysis of Lattice-Boom Cranes
Authors: Adamiec-Wójcik I. , Drąg Ł. , Wojciech S. , Metelski M.
Published: August 2018

In the paper a nonlinear model of a lattice-boom crane with lifting capacity up to 700mT for static analysis is presented. The rigid finite element method is used for discretisation of the lattice-boom and the mast. Flexibility of rope systems for vertical movement and for lifting a load is also taken into account. The computer programme developed enables forces and stress as well as displacements of the boom to be calculated. The model is validated by comparison of the authors’ own results with those obtained using professional ROBOT software. Good compatibility of results has been obtained.
The Polish student movement after the fall of the Iron Curtain: An organisational perspective
Authors: Smuzewska Marcelina
Published: August 2018

This study analyses the student movement from an organizational perspective. It specifically studies the Polish case using the organizational perspective originating from the works and Meyer and Zald. With the use of this theoretical tool, together with an anthropological approach to organizations, the author aims to describe three main organizations of student movement, namely the ZSP, NZS and PSRP, as well as the movement’s goals, resources, personnel, language and values. The comparison is made against the background of ongoing transformation. It is found that the situation of organizations has changed greatly, as has their position within the movement, and the components of each organization.
Research scholars: temp workers or lifetime students? The struggle and organization of subjectivities that are ‘in between’
Authors: Filippi Davide
Published: August 2018

This article addresses the process of political organization and unionizing among university researchers in Italy which are formally considered to be ‘in training’. This condition puts them in a sort of liminal space, between being recognized as fully employed professionals and being instead considered lifetime students. Their effort to organize politically can be seen as one of many ways through which students are fighting against the establishment of the neoliberal university model. The analysis is focused on the Italian movement called CRNS - Coordinamento dei Ricercatori non Strutturati (Non-structured Research Fellows Coordination), which formed to address this defining issue. The CRNS experiment aimed at achieving a sense of unity among the fragmented academic workforce and it can be considered a prototype of a new, grassroots form of union activity and organizing. The empirical data used in the analysis consists of ten in-depth interviews with university researchers, all Italian citizens, equally divided between men and women, who have all had to move around, as a function of their career and who have all been involved, to different degrees, in political and union organizing initiatives, regarding their conditions of ‘perpetual students’ rather than ‘not quite employed’.
Influence of food taboos on nutritional patterns in rural communities in Cameroon
Authors: Asi Lilian Nkengla , Teri Deli Tize , Meyer-Rochow V. Benno
Published: August 2018

Food taboos are observed in all traditional societies. In Cameroon, various taboos ranging from food to religious and social have significant impact on the diet of the people. Specific food items are regarded differently by different communities. While in certain communities, some food items are seen as fit for consumption, others deem it unfit. Although food taboos related to culture are more subject to change due to the level of literacy that prevails in the society and due to cultural contacts, violators of taboos suffer grievous consequences. Methods used included key informant interviews, focus group discussions and observations in all studied communities. The objective of the study is to understand how culture (food taboos) influences consumption patterns in traditional communities and the impact of disobedience on the people. This study of Cameroon food taboos has showed that dietary rules and regulations govern particular phases of life and is associated with special events like pregnancy, childbirth, lactation etc. In traditional societies, festivities such as hunting, wedding, and funeral are marked by specific food items. Punishments to violation of food taboos vary across food items and communities as what are considered a taboo in one community is not a taboo in another. Food taboo in some communities is considered as a way to maintain identity creating a sense of belonging.
Lifetime Glass Reinforced Plastic Pipes by Measuring the Stiffness
Authors: Ancas Ana Diana , Profire M. , Cirstolovean I. L. , Hornet M. , Cojocaru G.
Published: August 2018

The lifetime of glass reinforced plastic pipes is 50 years. Extensive use of this type of pipe in its various applications, led to investigate their behavior in land that anthropogenic or natural causes, shows the different values of pH to neutral. The paper presents experimental results conducted on three samples of a PN SN10000 DN150 PN10 pipe buried in three different types of terrain: neutral, acidic, basic. They were subjected to axial load, measuring the force applied deformation force function. On the basis of the calculation formulas determined rigidity of the pipeline, the deformation speed of 50 mm / min. This concludes the type of land affects the rigidity of the pipe so its length of life decreases to that provided by suppliers in order to be taken compensatory measures in this regard such as choosing a higher class of pressure and stiffness pipeline than those arising discounted. This will allow for long-term value (50 years) in the mechanical characteristics sufficient for safe operation.
What is Hilbert’s 24th Problem?
Authors: Kahle Reinhard , Oitavem Isabel
Published: August 2018

In 2000, a draft note of David Hilbert was found in his Nachlass concerning a 24th problem he had consider to include in the his famous problem list of the talk at the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1900 in Paris. This problem concerns simplicity of proofs. In this paper we review the (very few) traces of this problem which one can find in the work of Hilbert and his school, as well as modern research started on it after its publication. We stress, in particular, the mathematical nature of the problem.1
Laws and Mechanisms in The Human Sciences
Authors: Sampaio Rui
Published: August 2018

According to an influential epistemological tradition, science explains phenomena on the basis of laws, but the last two decades have witnessed a neo-mechanistic movement that emphasizes the fundamental role of mechanism-based explanations in science, which have the virtue of opening the “black box” of correlations and of providing a genuine understanding of the phenomena. Mechanisms enrich the empirical content of a theory by introducing a new set of variables, helping us to make causal inferences that are not possible on the basis of macro-level correlations (due to well-known problems regarding the underdetermination of causation by correlation). However, the appeal to mechanisms has also a methodological price. They are vulnerable to interference effects; they also face underdetermination problems, because the available evidence often allows different interpretations of the underlying structure of a correlation; they are strongly context-dependent and their individuation as causal patterns can be controversial; they present specific testability problems; finally, mechanism-based extrapolations can be misleading due to the local character of mechanisms. At any rate, the study of mechanisms is an indispensable part of the human sciences, and the problems that they raise can be controlled by quantitative and qualitative methods, and an epistemologically informed exercise of critical thinking.
Why Care About Robots? Empathy, Moral Standing, and the Language of Suffering
Authors: Coeckelbergh Mark
Published: August 2018

This paper tries to understand the phenomenon that humans are able to empathize with robots and the intuition that there might be something wrong with “abusing” robots by discussing the question regarding the moral standing of robots. After a review of some relevant work in empirical psychology and a discussion of the ethics of empathizing with robots, a philosophical argument concerning the moral standing of robots is made that questions distant and uncritical moral reasoning about entities’ properties and that recommends first trying to understand the issue by means of philosophical and artistic work that shows how ethics is always relational and historical, and that highlights the importance of language and appearance in moral reasoning and moral psychology. It is concluded that attention to relationality and to verbal and non-verbal languages of suffering is key to understand the phenomenon under investigation, and that in robot ethics we need less certainty and more caution and patience when it comes to thinking about moral standing.
The Conventionality of Simultaneity and Einstein’s Conventionality of Geometry
Authors: Valente Mário Bacelar
Published: August 2018

The conventionality of simultaneity thesis as established by Reichenbach and Grünbaum is related to the partial freedom in the definition of simultaneity in an inertial reference frame. An apparently altogether different issue is that of the conventionality of spatial geometry, or more generally the conventionality of chronogeometry when taking also into account the conventionality of the uniformity of time. Here we will consider Einstein’s version of the conventionality of (chrono)geometry, according to which we might adopt a different spatial geometry and a particular definition of equality of successive time intervals. The choice of a particular chronogeometry would not imply any change in a theory, since its “physical part” can be changed in a way that, regarding experimental results, the theory is the same. Here, we will make the case that the conventionality of simultaneity is closely related to Einstein’s conventionality of chronogeometry, as another conventional element leading to it.
A (Basis for a) Philosophy of a Theory of Fuzzy Computation
Authors: Syropoulos Apostolos
Published: August 2018

Vagueness is a linguistic phenomenon as well as a property of physical objects. Fuzzy set theory is a mathematical model of vagueness that has been used to define vague models of computation. The prominent model of vague computation is the fuzzy Turing machine. This conceptual computing device gives an idea of what computing under vagueness means, nevertheless, it is not the most natural model. Based on the properties of this and other models of vague computing, an attempt is made to formulate a basis for a philosophy of a theory of fuzzy computation.
Application of Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process to Building Research Teams
Authors: Dąbrowski Karol , Skrzypek Katarzyna
Published: August 2018

Building teams has a fundamental impact for execution of research and development projects. The teams appointed for the needs of given projects are based on individuals from both inside and outside of the organization. Knowledge is not only a product available on the market but also an intangible resource affecting their internal and external processes. Thus it is vitally important for businesses and scientific research facilities to effectively manage knowledge within project teams. The article presents a proposal to use Fuzzy AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process ) and ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System) methods in working groups building for R&D projects on the basis of employees skills.
Biorefineries – New Green Strategy For Development Of Smart And Innovative Industry
Authors: Płaza Grażyna A. , Wandzich Dorota
Published: August 2018

Ecological engineering or ecotechnology is defined as the design of sustainable production that integrate human society with the natural environment for the benefit of both. In order to reach the goal of sustainability therefore important that bioproduct production systems are converted from to natural cycle oriented. In natural cycles there are not waste, but products are generated at different stages of the cycle. The ecotechnology creates a sustainable bioeconomy using biomass in a smart and efficient way. The biorefining sector, which uses smart, innovative and efficient technologies to convert biomass feedstocks into a range of bio-based products including fuels, chemicals, power, food, and renewable oils, currently presents the innovative and efficient bio-based production can revitalize existing industries. The paper presents the concept of biorefinery as the ecotechnological approach for creating a sustainable bioeconomy using biomass in a smart and efficient way.
The Adoption of the Arcgis System to Support the Analyses of the Influence of the Mining Tremors on the Building Objects
Authors: Sokoła-Szewioła Violetta , Żogała Monika
Published: August 2018

Nowadays the mining companies use the Spatial Information System in order to facilitate data management, gathered during the mining activity. For these purposes various kinds of applications and software information are used. They allow for faster and easier data processing. In the paper there are presented the possibilities of using the ArcGIS system to support the tasks performed in the mining industry in the scope of the analysis of the influence of the mining tremors, induced by the longwall exploitation on the facilities construction sited on the surface area. These possibilities are presented by the example of the database developed for the coal mine KWK “Rydułtowy-Anna.” The developed database was created using ArcGIS software for Desktop 10. 1. It contains the values of parameters, specified for its implementation relevant to the analyses of the influence of the mining tremors on the surface structures.
Determination of the Zone Endangered by Methane Explosion in Goaf with Caving of Longwalls Ventilated on „Y“ System
Authors: Brodny Jarosław , Tutak Magdalena
Published: August 2018

One of the most dangerous and most commonly present risks in hard coal mines is methane hazard. During exploitation by longwall system with caving, methane is emitted to mine heading from the mined coal and coal left in a pile. A large amount of methane also flows from neighboring seams through cracks and fissures formed in rock mass. In a case of accumulation of explosive methane concentration in goaf zone and with appropriate oxygen concentration and occurrence of initials (e.g. spark or endogenous fire), it may come to the explosion of this gas. In the paper there are presented results of numerical analysis of mixture of air and methane streams flow through the real heading system of a mine, characterized by high methane hazard. The aim of the studies was to analyze the ventilation system of considered heading system and determination of braking zones in goaf zone, in which dangerous and explosive concertation of methane can occur with sufficient oxygen concentration equal to at least 12%. Determination of position of these zones is necessary for the selection of appropriate parameters of the ventilation system to ensure safety of the crew. Analysis of the scale of methane hazard allows to select such a ventilation system of exploitation and neighboring headings that ensures chemical composition of mining atmosphere required by regulation, and required efficiency of methane drainage. The obtained results clearly show that numerical methods, combined with the results of tests in real conditions can be successfully used for the analysis of variants of processes related to ventilation of underground mining, and also in the analysis of emergency states.
Determination of Workloads in Cutting Head of Longwall Tumble Heading Machine
Authors: Biały Witold
Published: August 2018

The mining organ of the longwall heading machine KGS-320 with radial tools was the subject of the analysis. Cooperation of single knife with the mined solid rock was estimated in order to determine values of the forces and moments that might occur in the mining process and to estimate the energy consumption of the mining process. Analogous determination of forces and moments values as well as energy consumption of the mining process for the whole mining organ with regard to all the knives installed. Following the thorough analysis of the solid rock mining process with the longwall tumble heading machine mining head the PC computer program simulating such organ’s mode of action has been developed. This program presents the simulation of the mining process in the part regarding direct contact of the cutting tool (knife) with the rock mass. The result of this simulation is force and moments distribution, which are transmitted via the mining organ (head) during one full turn (360o) and, as consequence, via whole longwall heading machine.
Evaluation of Human Reliability in Selected Activities in the Railway Industry
Authors: Sujová Erika , Čierna Helena , Molenda Michał
Published: August 2018

The article focuses on evaluation of human reliability in the human - machine system in the railway industry. Based on a survey of a train dispatcher and of selected activities, we have identified risk factors affecting the dispatcher‘s work and the evaluated risk level of their influence on the reliability and safety of preformed activities. The research took place at the authors‘ work place between 2012-2013. A survey method was used. With its help, authors were able to identify selected work activities of train dispatcher’s risk factors that affect his/her work and the evaluated seriousness of its influence on the reliability and safety of performed activities. Amongst the most important finding fall expressions of unclear and complicated internal regulations and work processes, a feeling of being overworked, fear for one’s safety at small, insufficiently protected stations.
Innovative Use of Quality Management Methods for Product Improvement
Authors: Midor Katarzyna , Žarnovský Jozef
Published: August 2018

Organisations constantly look for new, innovative solutions and methods which could be used to improve their efficiency and increase the quality of their products. Identifying the causes for returns is an important issue for modern companies, as returns are the cause for the increase in production costs and, most importantly, the loss of credibility in the eyes of the client. Therefore, for the company to be able to sustain or strengthen its position on the market, it has to follow the rules of quality management. Especially important is the rule of constant improvement. This rule is primarily connected with preventing errors and defects from occurring at all the stages of the production process. To achieve that, one must, among other things, use quality management tools. The article presents an analysis of causes for returns of a vibrating screen produced by a company which manufactures machinery and equipment for the extractive industry, using quality management tools such as the Ishikawa diagram and Pareto analysis. The analysis allowed for the identification of the causes of client returns which could not be previously identified, and proposing solutions for them.
A Case Study of Supply Chain Management in a Manufacturing Company in China
Authors: Luo Renfei , Huang Jiedan , Lee Jimmy , Pun Philip
Published: August 2018

How to manage inventory is becoming an increasingly crucial issue for most manufacturing companies. R&D, the pseudonymous case study considered here, is a foreign direct investment (FDI) company engaged in producing electronic components. As the prices of raw materials and operation costs increased, R&D was challenged to maintain a smooth relationship among several factors: level of inventory, customer satisfaction and production efficiency. This paper first discusses the key factors that affect R&D’s inventory level. It then combines recent supply chain management theories and quantitative data into a framework for identifying how R&D might determine optimal ordering policies and strategies to reduce overall costs, while at the same time satisfying customers in terms of service.
Risk and Protective Factors in the Life of Youth in Relation to Resilience
Authors: Barnová Silvia , Tamášová Viola
Published: August 2018

Introduction: A certain degree of stress is present in everyone’s life and young people are not an exception. Most of them show a certain degree of resilience and can cope with stressful situations without any difficulties, however there is a group of youth who live in toxic environments and need help. If there is a risk of failure due to the intensity of stressors; external formal and informal support have a great role to play as they have the potential to prevent negative developmental outcomes.

Purpose: The authors’ intention was to make a review of available literature on the current issues of resilience research with a focus on the importance of protective factors in young people’s lives – especially when they are exposed to adversity. An emphasis is placed on the vital role of social support to individuals provided by schools as well as social services.

Methods: In the presented literature review, multiple formal search methods including hand searching of key journals; electronic searching of journal databases and subject specific websites; reference scanning; and citation tracking were used.

Conclusion: Individuals commonly demonstrate some level of resilience, yet most of them are able to deal with stressful situations without any harm. On the other hand, if the adversity is too high, the presence of social support provided by their social environment is important. In this context, good relationships in general and sufficient external protective factors provided by their social environment (schools, school psychologists, institutional social and health service providers) are important.
The Complex Support and Assistance to Children with Disability and their Families in the Czech Republic and the Presentation of Case Final Reports on Early Care of Client as an Example of Good Practice
Authors: Šándorová Zdenka
Published: August 2018

The theme of the paper is very topical in global and European context. It brings theoretical information on the concept of asocial model of early care in the Czech Republic and practical case studies and final reports related to the early care provision which demonstrate tangible activities within the system of the complex support and assistance to children with disability and their families. The author applies the theoretical-practical approach as she is of the opinion that „the practice without theory is as a blind person on the road and the theory without practice is as a cart without an axle”.

The aim of the paper is to extend theoretical information on the topic in the Czech Republic by individual examples of final reports related to the provision of social prevention of the early care in the Czech Republic. The overall aim of the paper is to justify topicality and eligibility of early care in its broad reference framework, including its practical impact. The theoretical basis of the paper is elaborated with respect to the analysis and comparison of Czech and foreign literature, legislation, methodology document and other relevant written resources. The practical level is elaborated with respect to 3 cases and final reports of the provider of an early care of the social prevention.

The early care in the Czech Republic represents a professional, modern and recognized system in European and global comparison and is legally anchored in the Act 108/2006 Coll. on social services. It aims on the minimization of child´s disability impact upon child´s development, especially the social inclusion of a child and a family and their capability to cope with limitating disability in natural environ, i.e. by the preservation of standard way of life. It represents a multi-dimensional model, overcoming limitation of sectoral division of the early care and facilitating complex assistance from a series of subject fields at the same time.

Services for families with an endangered child in early age are the background for social, educational and pedagogical inclusion of a child and the re-socialisation and re-inclusion of a family.

Early care is considered preventive, from the point of the prevention of the second disability (i.e. is effective), in the prevention of institutionalized and asylum care (i.e. is economical), in the prevention of segregation (i.e. is ethical).
Application of Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Controllers in Direct Field-Oriented Control System of Six-Phase Induction Motor: Experimental Studies
Authors: Listwan Jacek
Published: August 2018

This paper presents the direct field-oriented control (DFOC) method of six-phase induction motor with the application of super-twisting sliding mode algorithm. The mathematical model of the six-phase induction motor has been described. The descriptions of the space vector modulation (SVM) method and the super-twisting algorithm have been presented. The DFOC method with super-twisting sliding mode controllers has been described. The experimental studies of the DFOC method with super-twisting controllers have been performed, and the results of these studies are presented and discussed.
Review of Research on Organizational Culture in Health Care System
Authors: Szara Marta , Ksykiewicz-Dorota Anna , Klukow Jadwiga , Lamont Marzena
Published: August 2018

Introduction. Organizational culture is an ambiguous concept, it reflects norms and values considered important in a given society. It is subject to the influence of internal and external factors, as well as its technical and organizational solutions. It is considered a significant factor in the organization’s success and sets the direction of most of its members’ activities. Aim. The aim of the work was to present a review of research on organizational culture in the health care system based on the literature. Methods. The article is in the form of an unsystematic review. The medical databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar have been reviewed (from January 1963 to January 2017). Results. The concept of organizational culture in the management literature for the first time was defined in the 1950s. The subject of research on organizational culture in the health care system and subsystem of nursing was mainly dealt with in North America and Western Europe. In Poland, the study of organizational culture in the nursing sector was analyzed in relation to the mental burden of nurses. The review of the literature shows that organizational culture affects many elements of the professional work of nurses, such as; efficiency, quality, mental stress, burnout, the occurrence of work-related diseases, and also is associated with satisfaction with care and a sense of security.
A Search for an Optimum Currency Area
Authors: Hudec Martin
Published: August 2018

Economic and monetary integration is the result of unifying efforts that have become a major driving force in post-war Europe. Although some of the initial initiatives, the Monetary Union project has many times been on the brink of interest. It can be as the surprise that Europe has managed to implement the common currency so soon and relatively smoothly. Nevertheless, even after its launch, this project has never completely abandoned criticism and discussion of the legitimacy and meaningfulness of its existence. Critical attitudes to the introduction of the common currency in the European Union are based above all on the Optimum Currency Area theories. The theoretical concept of optimal currency areas is currently considered a standard tool for assessing monetary integration efforts in Europe. OCA criteria are used to estimate the readiness of the candidate countries to adopt the euro, while the convergence processes are linked to the decision on the euro adoption timeline. The aim of our research article is, therefore, to closely analyze the issue of monetary policies and optimal currency areas in the context of convergence efforts towards more closely integrated economic and monetary unions.
Comparison of the Visegrad group and Baltic countries in terms of multi-criteria competitiveness indicators
Authors: Ružeková Viera , Kašťáková Elena
Published: August 2018

Expanding globalization of the world economy has put a strong pressure on individual entities that operate in it. International competitiveness has become a major driving force of economic and social differentiation of the countries. Individual states and their public administrations have to create an effective business environment. This paper reflects these developments and, with the help of relevant multi-criteria (GCI, WCI, DBI) and single-criteria indexes of competitiveness, tries to assess the current state of competitiveness of two regions in Central and Eastern Europe – the Visegrad Four and Baltic Group states, which had a similar starting position on their path to building a market economy and integration into the EU structures.
Scheming to defraud in an insolvency proceeding: a specific case of economic criminal acts
Authors: Smolík Josef , Kajanová Alena
Published: August 2018

The article presents the theoretical foundations of the criminal act of scheming to defraud in an insolvency proceeding. A criminal act according to the § 226 Act No. 40/2009 Coll. (Criminal Code) is often a part of organized crime. Crime is made easier by the difficult proceedings of solving the debtor’s bankruptcy in the Czech Republic. The article includes a case interpretation in which the judge committed a crime. She caused severe harm to several participants of the insolvency proceeding and secured that the debtor’s shareholder benefited.
The Making of Pupils: Institutionalized Education in Romanian High Schools
Authors: Martelli Maria
Published: August 2018

This article aims to explore the ways in which power structures the learning experience in high school, detailing what kind of cultures it creates and what practices it fosters. By interviewing students (currently enrolled in the Faculty of Sociology and Social Work, Cluj-Napoca) recalling their high school years, I can tap into their reflexivity regarding the experiences of being taught to and of learning, focusing especially on how these have become legitimated and have formed the subject. Drawing on Paulo Freire’s theory of the banking model and using a post-structuralist framework, the research intends to make visible a current account of institutionalization of learning. Finally, the research shows how pupils become subjects to be categorized according to their compliance to the programme’s requirements and how they might internalize legitimized forms of learning (such as memorizing for further testing) in detriment of others.
Türkiye‘de Üretilen Mısırın Ekonomik Gelişim Seyri
Authors: Bayramoğlu Zeki , Bozdemir Merve
Published: August 2018

Bu çalışmada dünyada ve Türkiye‘de önemli bir gıda ve endüstriyel hammadde kaynağı olan mısırın ekonomik gelişim seyrinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda ikincil verilerden derlenen mısırın yetiştirildiği alanı, üretim miktarı, verimliliği, üretim- tüketim dengesi, ithalat-ihracat değerleri, yurtiçi ve yurtdışı fiyatları incelenmiştir. Dünyadaki başlıca mısır üreten ülkeler ile Türkiye‘de mısırın gelişim seyri iç ve dış piyasa açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Dünyada olduğu gibi Türkiye‘de de yıllar itibariyle mısırın verimliliği ve üretim alanları artmış, buna bağlı olarak da hem üretim miktarı hem tüketim miktarında artış olduğu görülmüştür. Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD) mısır üretimi ve tüketiminde ilk sırada yer alırken, mısır en çok hayvansal üretimde yem olarak kullanmıştır. İthalat ve ihracat değerleri incelendiğinde ABD iç tüketimini karşılama açısından başarı göstermiş ve iç tüketimini karşılamanın yanı sıra mısırın ihracatında da önemli rol almıştır. Türkiye‘de ise 2016/17 üretim yılı içerisinde mısırın yeterlilik derecesi %87,80 olarak belirlenmiş ve yıllar itibariyle yeterlilik oranının arttığı belirlenmiştir. Dünyadaki nüfus artışına bağlı olarak gıda talebinde oluşacak artışlar, alternatif enerji kaynağı arayışları ve mısırın kullanım alanının genişlemesine bağlı olarak gelecek yıllarda mısıra olan talebin artmaya devam etmesi ve dolayısıyla yaratılan ekonomik değerinde artması beklenmektedir.
SOPRO CARDÍACO EM NEONATOS PORTADORES DE CARDIOPATIA CONGÊNITA
Authors: TALIARI Jean Donizete Silveira , TEIXEIRA Brenda Caroline
Published: August 2018

O sistema vascular se desenvolve na terceira semana, funcionando já na quarta semana de vida fetal. Uma alteração nesse período causa uma anomalia anatômica, desencadeando o sopro cardíaco (SC). O SC provoca ruídos anormais que são causados pela alteração da hemodinâmica. O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar as alterações anatômicas mais frequentes em neonatos portadores de cardiopatia congênita (CC) com presença de sopros, por meio de análise da prevalência dos tipos de CC, da incidência das cardiopatias em nascidos vivos e mortos e da frequência do aparecimento de sopro nos indivíduos com CC. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica. Pesquisa limitada a humanos recém-nascidos, portadores de cardiopatias congênitas com pesquisas que abordavam a prevalência, publicadas dentro de dez anos, em idioma português. Foram registrados 104.343 casos em que 691 tinham algum tipo de CC, diagnosticadas através de ausculta cardíaca, raio-x de tórax, ecocardiografia, eletrocardiografia e necropsia. As anomalias mais frequentes foram: Persistência do canal arterial (PCA) com 111 casos, comunicação interatrial (CIA) com 132 e comunicação interventricular (CIV) com 183, estenose pulmonar com 19, tetralogia de Fallot com 10 e o defeito septal atrioventricular total com 5 casos. Foram encontrados 51 natimortos cardiopatas, sendo que 12 apresentam CIA, 22 CIV e 17 PCA. Os autores que analisaram o SC estudaram 3.716 indivíduos, dos quais 256 apresentavam sopro, mas apenas 39 possuíam cardiopatia. A cardiopatia é a malformação com maior prevalência, sendo importante ter o conhecimento das mais frequentes, pois a maioria delas são incompatíveis com a vida após o nascimento.
COMPARISON OF NOUNS REDUPLICATION IN INDONESIAN AND JAPANESE LANGUAGE
Authors: Mangga Stephanus
Published: August 2018

This article is a qualitative description of the nouns reduplication comparison in Indonesian and Japanese language. Nouns are restricted to the category on the noun which can be counted (KBK). The data were taken from library source and analyzed by comparing the elements of similarity and difference. As result, it was found that there are similarities and differences between KBK�s reduplication of Indonesian and Japanese language. The equations include three items, namely; a) it has simple type without affixes, b) it has complex type with changes of consonants, and c) it functions to declare the indefinite category of the group. While the differences consist of four items and they are not found in Japanese language. Those four items are: a) it is in the form of simply affix, b) it is in the complex form with the repetition of consonants, c) it functions to show group category indefinite, and d) it functions as types of category indefinite. Those differences prove that reduplication of KBK in Indonesian language are more productive that reduplication of KBK in Japanese language.Keywords: reduplication, noun, Indonesian language, Japanese language
基于创新能力培养的营销策划课程教改探微
Authors: 王 姗姗
Published: August 2018

随着中国经济的高速发展，市场营销的模式也随着增加，由于市场营销模式的多样化，高校营销策划的课程也需要进一步的改革，传统营销策划课程过于局限，已经不再适合当前市场对营销人才的需求，高校营销策划课程教学中，不仅要使学生掌握所学的专业知识，还需要培养学生的创新能力，新时期背景下，企业对营销人才的需要越来越高，因此，高校对营销策划人才的培养也需要与时俱进。
浅谈企业如何实施品牌战略
Authors: 朱 志勇
Published: August 2018

品牌战略是企业提高市场竞争力的重要经营战略，是市场经济中竞争的产物。企业发挥品牌战略作用 , 以及如何实施品牌战略是一项至关重要的工作。为此，笔者认为应做到以下几个方面：充分认识品牌战略在企业发展中的重要作用；企业实施品牌战略具体工作；加强品牌队伍的建设；做好品牌名称、商标战略的设计；做好实施品牌战略的品牌管理和制度建立等。
对中国农商银行金融创新的现实思考
Authors: 丛 华
Published: August 2018

中国一直以来就是以农业大国著称，所以农民的问题成为中国首要解决的问题之一。而农商银行是解决农民问题的有效手段，因为农商银行在联系农民，建设新农村，建立农村新经济等方面具有重大的意义。现如今，中国在这一方面虽然有所发展，但是还是有很多不足的地方，所以就要对农商银行进行科学合理的金融创新。
谈钢琴教学创新模式的构建与思考
Authors: 郑 秋铃
Published: August 2018

随着中国经济的高速发展，社会的不断进步，中国对教育事业的支持程度也越来越高，尤其是当前时期，教育兴国的政策实施，使中国教育事业越来越繁荣，教育事业的不断繁荣进一步带动了中国艺术文化的发展，国家以及国民对文化艺术的重视程度也随之提高。音乐作为教育学科中重要的组成部分，不仅能够陶冶学生的音乐情操还能够提升学生的艺术修养，而且音乐教学还能使学生建立更加有思想的价值观，学生以音乐的视角去看待世界和处理事情的过程中思维能够更为灵活。钢琴教学作为音乐教学的重要组成部分，广受学生喜爱，而且钢琴相对其他乐器能够最大程度激发学生的创新思维，论文针对钢琴教学模式创新进行阐述，进一步分析钢琴教学创新的模式，帮助钢琴教学创新能够更好的实现。