bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of low voltage ride-through capability and optimal control strategy of doubly-fed wind farms under symmetrical fault
Authors: Li Botong , Zheng Dingchuan , Li Bin , Jiao Xinru , Hong Qiteng , Ji Liang
Published: July 2023

Given the “carbon neutralization and carbon peak” policy, enhancing the low voltage ride-through (LVRT) capability of wind farms has become a current demand to ensure the safe and stable operation of power systems in the context of a possible severe threat of large-scale disconnection caused by wind farms. Currently, research on the LVRT of wind farms mainly focuses on suppressing rotor current and providing reactive current support, while the impact of active current output on LVRT performance has not been thoroughly discussed. This paper studies and reveals the relationship between the limit of reactive current output and the depth of voltage drop during LVRT for doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind farms. Specifically, the reactive current output limit of the grid-side converter is independent of the depth of voltage drop, and its limit is the maximum current allowed by the converter, while the reactive current output limit of the DFIG stator is a linear function of the depth of voltage drop. An optimized scheme for allocating reactive current among the STATCOM, DFIG stator, and grid-side converter is proposed. The scheme maximizes the output of active current while satisfying the standard requirements for reactive current output. Compared to traditional schemes, the proposed LVRT optimization strategy can output more active power during the LVRT period, effectively suppressing the rate of rotor speed increase, and improving the LVRT performance and fault recovery capability of wind farms. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
The simplified Chinese version of the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (KOOS) in individuals with knee osteoarthritis for mainland China: the study of reliability and validity
Authors: Yang Liying , Suttiwong Jatuporn , Fu Yanfen , Sinsurin Komsak
Published: July 2023

Background

The Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (KOOS) is a free clinical tool commonly used to evaluate the symptoms and functional status of patients with knee injury. For people who speak Chinese, the Hong Kong Chinese and Singapore Chinese versions are preferred. However, variations in the Chinese language and culture are influenced by the country’s geography. KOOS for Mainland China has not been reported. Therefore, the current study was to cross-culturally translate the original English version into a simplified Chinese version and to investigate its psychometric properties.

Methods

The simplified Chinese KOOS was obtained through forward-backward translation according to appropriate guidelines. A total of 158 individuals with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) were recruited from 13 hospitals in China to examine the psychometric properties. The test-retest questionnaire was performed at an interval of 5–7 days. Test-retest reliability and internal consistency were evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach’s alpha, respectively. The data of the first test were used to analyse the construct validity of the simplified Chinese KOOS and Chinese SF-36 through convergent and discriminant validity using Spearman’s correlation coefficient.

Results

Cross-cultural translation exhibited minor cultural differences, and the questionnaire was well understood by the patients. The data from 128 patients, used for the test-retest reliability study, showed good to excellent reliability, with an ICC of 0.808–0.976 for all KOOS subscales. The Cronbach’s alpha for all subscales ranged from 0.757 to 0.970, indicating acceptable internal consistency. There was a low-to-high correlation between the five domains of the simplified Chinese version of the KOOS and all domains of the SF-36 in construct validity.

Conclusion

The simplified Chinese KOOS demonstrated acceptable reliability and validity. In clinical practice and research, this version can help provide valuable information on health-related quality of life for Chinese individuals with KOA in mainland China.
Trends in Ilex paraguariensis researches: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Gonçalves Itamar Luís , Valduga Alice Teresa
Published: July 2023

Background

Yerba-mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil) is a perennial South American plant widely investigated due to its effects on human health and chemical composition. Due to the presence of high levels of methylxanthines, phenolic compounds and saponins, yerba-mate is attractive under chemical and pharmacological aspects. Yerba-mate leaves are processed for the consumption of traditional beverages with a social, cultural and economic importance.

Results

Totally, 839 publications on the topic yerba-mate were identified in the Web of Science database, accumulating 15,365 citations with an h-index = 55. A text-based analysis of the abstract articles identified three main research fields: plant science, chemical composition and biological effects. These publications were distributed in 378 journals and involved the efforts of 3169 authors distributed in 48 countries and 681 organizations.

Conclusion

The results reported here are a first graphic overview of the yerba-mate scientific production considering the research areas, journals citation coupling and cooperation among countries, organizations and authors.
Adaption and pilot testing of a lay HIV supporter program for traditional healers: a mixed methods study in rural Uganda
Authors: Sundararajan Radhika , Ponticiello Matthew , Birch Giselle , Nuwagaba Gabriel , Alaiku Rinu , Nansera Denis , Mwanga-Amumpaire Juliet , Muyindike Winnie
Published: July 2023

Background

Half of people living with HIV (PLWH) in sub-Saharan Africa default from care within two years. In Uganda, and across sub-Saharan Africa, traditional healers (TH) are ubiquitous and often serve as the first line of health care. We hypothesized that with lay support training, TH could support relinkage to HIV care and ART adherence among rural Ugandan PLWH who have defaulted from HIV care.

Methods

Following the ADAPT-ITT framework, we adapted an evidence-based layperson HIV support program from South Africa for delivery by Ugandan TH. The ADAPT-ITT framework consists of (1) Assessment of needs; (2) Deciding which evidence-based interventions to adapt; (3) Adaptation of interventions; (4) Production of drafted adapted interventions; (5) Topical expert feedback; (6) Integration of expert feedback; (7) Training personnel; and (8) Testing the adapted intervention. The Testing phase was completed via a pilot mixed methods prospective cohort study. The study population included 12 TH practicing in Mbarara Township and 20 adult PLWH with suboptimal ART adherence (CASE adherence index score < 10) who received care from a participating TH and who resided in Mbarara Township. Primary outcome was re-linkage to HIV care within 14 days. Secondary outcomes were ART re-initiation, ART adherence, retention in care after 9 months, and implementation measures. Qualitative interviews were conducted with all participants.

Results

Data from the Assessment phase indicated that logistical challenges played an important role in disengagement from care among PLWH who receive care from TH, notably geographical distance to clinics and transportation costs. Additionally, HIV-related stigma and lack of social support were identified as barriers to entering and remaining in HIV care. Two core elements of the intervention were identified during the Production phase: (1) TH facilitating rapid re-linkage to HIV care and (2) TH provision of psychosocial support. In the pilot study phase, baseline median CASE adherence score was 3; only 5% of PLWH were adherent to ART via 4-day recall. The TH-delivered support achieved 100% linkage and ART initiation within 14 days, 95% ART adherence, and 100% of PLWH were retained in HIV care after 9 months.

Conclusions

The ADAPT-ITT framework successfully guided the adaption of a community health worker-delivered intervention for delivery by TH. TH successfully facilitated re-linkage to HIV care, support ART adherence, and retention in care for PLWH when trained as part of a lay support person program. Future studies are needed to evaluate scale-up and long-term impact.
One-Year Survival and Prognosticators of Adults With Acute Leukemia at the Uganda Cancer Institute
Authors: Natukunda Barbra , Omoding Abrahams , Bongomin Felix , Mubiru Kelvin Roland , Ddungu Henry , Sekaggya-Wiltshire Christine , Mayanja-Kizza Harriet
Published: July 2023

PURPOSE

Acute leukemias are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, particularly in the adult population. Despite an increasing burden of acute leukemia in developing countries, there are limited data on clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in this setting. In this study, we aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, survival, and prognostic factors of adults with acute leukemia at the Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI).

METHODS

A retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 2009 and December 2018, reviewing data of patients 18 years or older with a cytopathologic diagnosis of acute leukemia at UCI. Data were extracted on clinical and laboratory characteristics, response to treatment, and survival. Cox-proportional hazards regression and survival analysis were performed to determine survival rates and associated factors. P < .05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

In total, 233 participants were enrolled. Most (59.2%. n = 138) participants were male, with a median age of 32 years (IQR, 23-48 years), and 136 (58.4%) had AML. Overall, the 1-year survival was 16.5%, with a median survival time of 47 (IQR, 21-219) days. Predictors of mortality were being a female (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.8; 95% CI, 1.2 to 6.7; P = .022) and overweight (aHR, 4.2; 95% CI, 1.3 to 13.4; P = .015). Among the patients who had AML, the predictors were poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG; aHR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.6 to 6.2; P = .001) and HIV (aHR, 6.0; 95% CI, 1.7 to 20.5; P = .004). Among the patients who had ALL, the predictors were poor ECOG (aHR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.3 to 4.1; P = .006).

CONCLUSION

Patients with acute leukemia in Uganda have poor overall survival. Prospective studies are recommended to better understand causes of early mortality.
Development and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Two Parenteral Formulations of Albendazole Using Prodrug and Cosolvent Approaches
Authors: Becerril-Vega José , Hernández-Campos Alicia , González-Hernández Iliana , Flores-Ramos Miguel , Castillo Rafael , Leyva-Gómez Gerardo , Mayet-Cruz Lourdes , Jung-Cook Helgi
Published: July 2023

Albendazole is a broad-spectrum anthelmintic drug used for parasitic infections. In addition, due to its mechanism of action, it has been studied as an anticancer agent. However, poor and highly variable bioavailability are limiting factors for its use in systemic illnesses. The present study aimed to develop two parenteral formulations of albendazole and to compare its pharmacokinetic profile with the conventional oral administration. Parenteral formulations were developed using two different approaches: a phosphonooxymethylated prodrug and cosolvents. For the albendazole prodrug, once synthetized, its solubility and hydrolysis with alkaline phosphatase were evaluated. A factorial design of experiments was used for the cosolvent formulation. Stability and hemolytic activity were assessed. A pharmacokinetic study was performed on New Zealand rabbits. Both formulations were administered intravenously, and the prodrug was also administered intramuscularly. Results were compared with those obtained after the oral administration of albendazole. A 20,000-fold and 6000-fold increase in albendazole solubility was found with the prodrug and cosolvent formulations, respectively. Both parenteral formulations displayed higher albendazole plasma concentrations for the first 2 h compared with oral administration, even when the oral dose was doubled. The absolute bioavailability of oral albendazole was 15.5% while for the intramuscular administration of the prodrug was 102.6%. Both parenteral formulations showed a significant decrease in the formation of albendazole sulfoxide (ANOVA p<0.05) and allowed greater exposure to albendazole. Albendazole cosolvent parenteral formulation could be a promising option in systemic illnesses considering its ease of preparation and superb pharmacokinetic performance.

Graphical abstract
Semaglutide for Treating Obesity Induced by Craniopharyngioma Resection: A Successful Case Study
Authors: Sciacovelli Cristina , Moschione Ginevra , Garelli Silvia , Pagotto Uberto
Published: July 2023

Surgical treatment of craniopharyngioma often leads to a rapid and dramatic weight gain, leading to hypothalamic obesity. Treatment focused on the diet, physical activity, and different types of drugs have very often provided unsatisfactory results. To date, no data have been reported on hypothalamic obesity (HO) regarding the use of semaglutide, a novel type 1 receptor glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist, to limit body weight gain after surgical removal of a neoplasm, despite its already documented efficacy in obesity treatment. In this case report, we tested semaglutide in an 18-year-old patient with HO induced by a surgical intervention for craniopharyngioma. A very favorable treatment response was found in terms of body weight reduction and improvement in metabolic parameters. Our patient lost more than than 30 kg after only 6 months of therapy, which has never been reported before in the literature on HO.
Thermal Ablation for Treating Tumor-induced Osteomalacia in a Patient With IV Phosphate Dependency
Authors: van Velsen Evert F S , Geeraedts Tychon E A , Bosman Ariadne , Zillikens M Carola
Published: July 2023

Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome associated with tumors secreting fibroblast growth factor 23 that can be cured with complete surgical resection of the tumor. However, when these tumors are at difficult locations, less invasive modalities such as thermal ablation (TA) might be a good alternative. A 40-year-old woman was seen for a second opinion because of severe hypophosphatemia with complaints of fatigue, myalgia, and muscle weakness for which she needed IV phosphate for 15 to 18 hours per day in addition to oral alfacalcidol and phosphate. Initial laboratory results revealed hypophosphatemia (0.59 mmol/L [1.83 mg/dL]; reference range, 0.90-1.50 mmol/L [8.40-10.2 mg/dL]), increased fibroblast growth factor 23 levels (137 RU/mL; reference range, <125 RU/mL), and a reduced TmP-GFR (0.47 mmol/L; reference range, 0.8-1.4 mmol/L). Gallium-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (CT) showed moderately increased uptake at thoracic vertebra (Th) 8 and mildly increased uptake at Th7, suggestive of TIO. Complete tumor removal would have required resection of at least 1 vertebral body. Therefore, CT-guided TA was performed at Th8. No complications were observed, and in the months after, treatment with IV phosphate could be discontinued, indicating a satisfying result from the procedure. This extreme TIO case demonstrates that CT-guided TA can be an alternative to extensive or risky classical surgery.
Against Prose: Poetry's Defense, Definition, and Dichotomization
Authors: LeRud Lizzy
Published: July 2023

Uses of “poetry” and “prose” as literary categories have shifted dramatically over the last two or three centuries: a dichotomy emerged between these two that had not existed before, at least not in quite the same way. Attention to this shift has focused primarily on the rise of prose fiction, especially the novel, leading many to overemphasize the role prose genres played in this paradigm shift. In fact, an emergent poetry-prose dichotomy enabled and was enabled by a wide range of discourses about art, culture, politics, and ethics as well as sciences. Exploring a range of such discourses, this essay argues that the modern poetry-prose dichotomy facilitated several key debates focused less on prose and more on poetry's cultural value, ultimately enabling some of poetry's defenders to project their anxieties about Western cultural decline on the perceived deteriorating status of what's classed as “poetry.”
Climate Collections and Photosynthetic, Fossil-Fueled Atmospheres
Authors: Cameron Fiona R. , Dibley Ben , Ellsworth David S.
Published: July 2023

Historical, cultural, and technological collections are routinely put to work to illustrate narratives of progress, history, and identity. They can also convey new stories that articulate how cultural objects might serve as material expressions of climate change embedded in climate processes. This article considers the oldest surviving largely unaltered Boulton and Watt rotative engine, housed in the collection of the Science Museum, London, as an example to examine how objects are at once the material expression of carbon economies and cultures that have generated them and the material archives of the climate histories in which they are enmeshed. It draws on insights from the environmental humanities and the critical posthumanities and augments these with other knowledge practices from the biogeochemical sciences. Specifically, it utilizes stable carbon dating, whose methods provide the opportunity to locate particular cultural objects in relation to the deep time of planetary climate change. In doing so this paper develops the proposition that, articulated as such, these objects are complex climatic ecological compositions, and so understood, they can serve as cultural carbon mitigation strategies that occasion possibilities of new material and climatic attunement that can complement climate mitigation policies and programs. This proposition is trialed in relation to Object No. 1861-46—the Boulton and Watt “Lap” engine.
Individuals and Organizations as Sources of State Effectiveness
Authors: Best Michael Carlos , Hjort Jonas , Szakonyi David
Published: July 2023

Bureaucrats implement policy. How important are they for a state’s productivity? And do the trade-offs between policies depend on their effectiveness? Using data on 16 million public purchases in Russia, we show that 39 percent of the variation in prices paid for narrowly defined items is due to the individual bureaucrats and organizations who manage procurement. Low-price buyers also display higher spending quality. Theory suggests that such differences in effectiveness can be pivotal for policy design. To illustrate, we show that a common one—bid preferences for domestic suppliers—substantially improves procurement performance, but only when implemented by ineffective bureaucrats. (JEL D73, H57, H83, L14, P26)
Information manipulation and historical revisionism: Russian disinformation and foreign interference through manipulated history-based narratives
Authors: Arribas Cristina M. , Arcos Rubén , Gértrudix Manuel , Mikulski Kamil , Hernández-Escayola Pablo , Teodor Mihaela , Novăcescu Elena , Surdu Ileana , Stoian Valentin , García-Jiménez Antonio
Published: July 2023

Background: Disinformation and historical revisionism have been acknowledged as tools for foreign interference that belong to the landscape of hybrid threats. Historical revisionism plays an essential role in Russian foreign policy towards the post-Soviet space and is in strong relation with the concepts of Near Abroad and Russkii Mir (‘Russian World’) and with certain ideas contained in the neo-Eurasianist Movement. This article examines Russian revisionist narratives disseminated in information and influencing campaigns in Europe and against the West.      

Methods: This study uses a mixed methodology combining desk research, including literature review, and analysis of the EUvsDisinfo database of cases identified before the February 2022 invasion of Ukraine.

Results: The manipulation of historical events has been largely employed by the Kremlin as a tool for foreign interference to achieve strategic objectives. First World War treaties, mainly the Trianon Peace Treaty, as well as the Second World War and the communist and fascist historical experiences in countries within the post-Soviet space, are the pivotal topics from which hostile influencing narratives are built. From the analysis of the EUvsDisinfo database, the article identifies seven topic themes.      

Conclusions:  Our findings suggest that pre-emptively elaborated counter-narratives based on historical evidence and sound historiography can be an effective tool against hostile revisionist narratives that exploit vulnerabilities and specific target groups within European societies.
Abdominal massage and laxative use for constipation: a pilot study
Authors: Artale Serena , Terzoni Stefano , Destrebecq Anne , Sansone Claudia Maria , Vitale Maria Teresa , Sala Elena , Ferrara Paolo
Published: July 2023

Background:

Constipation is a very frequent condition. Pharmacological treatment leads to the onset of complications in the long term.

Aim:

To study the effects of abdominal massage and bowel training combined with polyethene glycol compared with laxative alone. Researchers studied the frequency of evacuations, use of laxatives, appetite, and food intake of older persons. In addition, feasibility in the daily routine of nursing care was studied.

Methods:

A pilot, randomised controlled trial was conducted. Older people living in a facility for self-sufficient residents were enrolled and randomised to the intervention or control group. The massage was administered for 4 weeks. The stool type according to the Bristol Stool Form Scale and secondary outcomes were collected at baseline, before any massage session and at the end of the intervention.

Findings:

32 participants were enrolled. Significant improvements were found in the number of evacuations, need for enemas, Bristol scores, appetite and food intake.

Conclusion:

Significant improvements were found in all major outcomes.
A focus on fitness to practise: reducing inappropriate referrals
Authors: Foster Sam
Published: July 2023

Sam Foster, Executive Director of Professional Practice, Nursing and Midwifery Council, reflects on progress in reducing the active NMC caseload of fitness to practise referrals
The potential role of through the needle PIVC insertion in reducing early catheter contamination
Authors: Anstett Michael , Brainard Robert E.
Published: July 2023

HIGHLIGHTS

Over-the-needle (OTN) PIVC devices are at inherent risk of insertion related skin contamination. Through-the-needle (TTN) catheter deployment resulted in no measurable contamination in this study. OTN catheters were 1.67 times more likely to be contaminated than TTN in this study.

Aim:

To compare a traditional over-the-needle peripheral intravenous catheter device to a through-the-needle (TTN) peripheral intravenous catheter device for early bacterial contamination during insertion.

Methods:

Five TTN test devices (OspreyIV 20 g SkyDance Vascular, Inc) and 5 OTN comparative devices (Insyte Autoguard 20 g Becton Dickinson) were aseptically inserted through targeted zones inoculated with 1 mL aliquot suspension of approximately 1 × 10 CFU of Staphylococcus aureus among 3 healthy sheep. Immediately after insertion, each study catheter was surgically removed from the surrounding tissue and cultured for the presence of Staphylococcus aureus inoculum that may have been transferred to the catheter during insertion.

Results:

Final culture results of the 5 test articles found no bacterial colonies. Final culture results of the 5 comparative articles revealed 2 of 5 were contaminated with bacterial colonies. The absolute risk reduction is 40%, or a 40% rate of contamination drops to a 0% rate of contamination when the TTN catheter deployment was used. The risk ratio achieved was 1.67, indicating catheters placed using the OTN deployment were 1.67 times more like to be contaminated than the TTN deployed catheters.

Conclusion:

In this present ovine study, the data revealed that use of a novel TTN approach resulted in less contamination than the more traditional OTN approach. Traditional OTN devices, developed over 70 years ago, are at inherent risk of insertion-related contact contamination. The results of this research, as well as previously published studies, point toward considering physical catheter protection strategies such as TTN devices as a potential alternative to OTN devices.
Optomechanical ring resonator on hybrid piezo-optomechanical platform
Authors: Chen I-Tung , Li Bingzhao , Lee Seokhyeong , Li Mo
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate the first co-propagating wave optomechanical ring resonator based on a hybrid piezo-optomechanical platform of zinc-oxide and boron-doped gallium phosphide where highly confined phonons and photons circulate and resonate simultaneously, leading to significantly enhanced optomechanical interaction.
Silicon Photonic Neural Network Accelerators: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Nikdast Mahdi , Pasricha Sudeep , Chakrabarty Krishnendu
Published: July 2023

Silicon photonic neural network accelerators (SPNNAs) offer chip-scale and light-speed computation and communication to boost AI inferencing and training performance. In this invited paper, we discuss some of the benefits and challenges of implementing SPNNAs.
Carbon Quantum Initiator Enabled Two-photon Polymerization of Optically Active Functional Microstructures
Authors: Jaiswal Arun , Rani Sweta , Singh Gaurav Pratap , Hassan Mahbub , Nasrin Aklima , Gomes Vincent G. , Saxena Sumit , Shukla Shobha
Published: July 2023

Carbon quantum dots have been implemented as two-photon initiators, and rapid prototyping of optically active micro/nanostructures has been demonstrated.
Scalable on-chip lasers grown on 300 mm Si wafers
Authors: Shang Chen , Feng Kaiyin , Hughes Eamonn T. , Clark Andrew , Debnath Mukul , Koscica Rosalyn , Leake Gerald , Herman Joshua , Harame David , Ludewig Peter , Wan Yating , Bowers John E.
Published: July 2023

We report the first electrically pumped InAs quantum-dot lasers grown on Si within narrow oxide pockets for monolithic on-chip light sources. High performance devices are achieved at 300 mm wafer scale with high yields.
Employing the Vernier Effect for Sensitivity Enhancement in a Distributed Optical Fiber Sensor
Authors: Zhu Chen , Huang Jie
Published: July 2023

Distributed optical fiber sensing based on microwave photonics with significantly improved and tunable sensitivity enabled by the distributed Vernier effect is demonstrated.
Instantaneous, high-resolution imaging of turbid media using FRAME-based Fourier Ptychography
Authors: Taylor Sam , Kornienko Vassily , Kristensson Elias
Published: July 2023

Visualizing fine details in a turbid media is extremely challenging due to multiple light scattering. Here we combine spatial filtering, Fourier Ptychography and image multiplexing to enable instantaneous high-resolution imaging of turbid media.
Low Volume Gas Sensing using Hollow-core Fiber for Detection of Methane and Ammonia with Supercontinuum Source
Authors: K Saran Kumar , Y Esther Blesso Vidhya , Selvaraj Ramya , S Satyanarayanan , Vasa Nilesh J
Published: July 2023

Hollow-core fiber based detection of CH4 and NH3 is demonstrated using a broadband supercontinuum laser source. The system provided a minimum detection limit of 0.49 % and 0.22 % for CH4 and NH3 in 1.6 µm and 2µm wavelength ranges, respectively.
Photonic Crystal Microcavity Based Integrated Spectrometer at the 2 μm Wavelength Band
Authors: Xia Lipeng , Sun Yuhan , Li Ting , Zhou Peiji , Zou Yi
Published: July 2023

We experimentally demonstrate a photonic crystal based on-chip spectrometer at the 2 μm waveband. It consists of 16 photonic crystal microcavities and achieves better than 1nm resolution at a 100nm spectral range with specific reconstruction algorithms.
A large field of view two- and three-photon microscope for high-resolution deep tissue imaging
Authors: Mok Aaron T. , Wang Tianyu , Zhao Shitong , Kolkman Kristine E. , Wu Danni , Ouzounov Dimitre G , Seo Changwoo , Wu Chunyan , Fetcho Joseph R. , Xu Chris
Published: July 2023

We have developed a two- and three- photon microscope that enables high-resolution imaging with a large field-of-view of ~3.5 mm diameter at > 1 mm depth of mouse brains.
Yellow-Green Micro-LEDs with Nanoporous Distributed Bragg Reflectors
Authors: Hsiao Fu-He , Huang Wei-Ta , Chiang Hsin , Huang Yu-Ming , Singh Konthoujam James , Lin Chun-Liang , Chow Chi-Wai , Chen Shih-Chen , Kuo Hao-Chung
Published: July 2023

Yellow-green InGaN/GaN micro-LEDs with nanoporous distributed Bragg reflectors emits stable wavelength of 547 nm at high current density and exhibits the highest modulation bandwidth of 442 MHz with a measured transmission rate of 800 Mbit/s.
Performance Analyses of High-Efficiency InGaN Red Micro-LEDs for Visible Light Communication
Authors: Miao Wen-Chien , Hsiao Fu-He , Tzu-Yi Lee , Iida Daisuke , Horng Ray-Hua , Ahn Hyeyoung , Chow Chi-Wai , Ohkawa Kazuhiro , Chen Shih-Chen , Kuo Hao-Chung
Published: July 2023

InGaN red micro-light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) with the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 5.02% are adopted for visible light communication (VLC), achieving a modulation bandwidth of 271 MHz and a data transmission rate of 350 Mbit/s. )
Miniaturized and Thin Microscope with Learnable Real-time Reconstruction
Authors: Tian Feng , Yang Weijian
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate a miniaturized and thin microscope using custom designed doublet microlens array and a deep learning based multi-stage reconstruction model. The microscope is capable of real-time fluorescent imaging at a large field of view.
Modern Diode Pumped Solid State Lasers
Authors: Wetter Niklaus Ursus , Prado Felipe Maia , de Almeida Vieira Tarcio , Deana Alessandro Melo
Published: July 2023

A brief review of the advances in diode-pumped, Neodymium-doped, high-efficiency lasers is presented, showing how different configurations were able to achieve extremely elevated slope efficiencies, close to the quantum limit, while demonstrating excellent beam quality.
Temporal-encoded noise-like pulses for chaotic optical time-domain reflectometer
Authors: Sun Yixiang , Liu Haoguang , Liu Yusong , Huang Siyun , Wu Zhuang , Yan Lisong , Luo Yiyang , Sun Qizhen , Shum Perry Ping
Published: July 2023

We reported on a high-resolution chaotic-OTDR utilizing the temporal-encoded noise-like pulses delivered from a passively mode-locked fiber laser. The experimental results showed that a millimeter scale resolution is achieved.
Simultaneous Optimization of Multiple Hidden Fluorescent Targets with Wavefront Shaping
Authors: Rumman Nazifa , Wang Tianhong , Bassène Pascal , N’Gom Moussa
Published: July 2023

We, for the first time, combine wavefront shaping together with thresholding based image segmentation and entropy of image to locate, optimize, and track signals from multiple targets hidden behind scattering media.
V-Shape PSF for 3D Wide Field Microscopy
Authors: Li Yunyang , Zhang Zixiao , Tian Feng , Luna-Palacios Yryx Y. , Rocha-Mendoza Israel , Yang Weijian
Published: July 2023

We propose a V-shape PSF generated from double axicon lenses in the collection path of wide-field microscopes for 3D high-resolution imaging with an extended depth of field.
Computational optical sensor with a paper-based peptide panel assay for point-of-care testing of Lyme disease
Authors: Joung Hyou-Arm , Ghosh Rajesh , Goncharov Artem , Ngo Kevin , Palanisamy Barath , Horn Elizabeth J. , Arnaboldi Paul M. , Dattwyler Raymond J. , Garner Omai B. , Di Carlo Dino , Ozcan Aydogan
Published: July 2023

We present a computational paper-based optical sensor for point-of-care serodiagnosis of Lyme disease. Using blindly tested human serum samples, we achieved 91.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity against two-tier serology without cross-reactivity from other diseases.
A Lab-on-a-chip Sensing Platform Enabling Concurrent Detection Using Subwavelength Grating Micro-ring Resonator
Authors: Ning Shupeng , Chang Hao-Chen , Fan Kang-Chieh , Hsiao Po-yu , Chen Ray T.
Published: July 2023

We developed a lab-on-a-chip optical biosensor that realized the concurrent detection of two analytes with high sensitivity. The silicon photonic chip is integrated with a microfluidics chip, which offers a promising solution to point-of-care detection.
Multi-speciation using a tunable laser and deep neural networks
Authors: Sy Mohamed , Mhanna Mhanna , Farooq Aamir
Published: July 2023

Selective and simultaneous multi-speciation during high-temperature fuel pyrolysis was achieved with a single 3.3 µm DFB-ICL. The approach is based on wavelength tuning and deep denoising autoencoders (DDAEs) to distinguish the broadband absorbance spectra of evolving species during fuel pyrolysis in a shock tube.
All-optical object classification through unknown phase diffusers using a single-pixel diffractive machine vision system
Authors: Li Yuhang , Bai Bijie , Luo Yi , Çetintaş Ege , Ozcan Aydogan
Published: July 2023

We present an all-optical inference method to directly classify unknown objects through random phase diffusers using a single-pixel spectrally-encoded broadband diffractive network.
Advantages and Limitations of Adaptive Optics in Multiphoton Microscopy
Authors: Sinefeld David
Published: July 2023

Combining adaptive optics in multiphoton microscopy can improve both resolution and signal. While resolution enhancement has been effectively demonstrated, signal improvement has shown only modest results. We discuss the potential and limitations of this method.
Generation and propagation of dissipative optical solitons in fiber cavities
Authors: Cristiani Ilaria
Published: July 2023

Here we present some early experimental studies on the propagation of optical pulses in fiber cavities that provided significant insights for the comprehension of the complex dynamics underlying dissipative soliton propagation
Photonic crystal laser on thin film erbium-doped lithium niobate
Authors: Liu Xiangmin , Ge Rui , Yan Xiongshuo , Chen Yuping , Chen Xianfeng
Published: July 2023

We fabricated a photonic crystal nanobeam cavity with dual resonance on erbium-doped thin film lithium niobate by FIB, which supports on-chip photonic crystal laser at 1540 nm when pumped by a 1460 nm laser.
Modeling Ultrafast Anharmonic Energy Flow With a Multi-THz Pump Bandwidth
Authors: Alejandro Aldair , Jensen Emma E. , Sevy Eric T. , Johnson Jeremy A.
Published: July 2023

First-principles calculations were used to model multi-THz excitation and ultrafast coherent energy flow between vibrational degrees of freedom in gas-phase fluorobenzene. We determined the importance of anharmonic coupling and mode symmetry in intramolecular energy transfer.
Photostabilization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons via Hexagonal Boron Nitride: A Platform For Long-Lived Single-Photon Sources
Authors: Fairhall Alex , Saavedra Carlos , Zirklebach Johannes , Utama Iqbal Bakti , Goldsmith Randall H.
Published: July 2023

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons are popular quantum emitters but suffer photonic instability such as photobleaching. Substrates composed of hexagonal Boron Nitride offer an exciting solution to this problem, observed via cryogenic and room-temperature fluorescence spectroscopy.
Quantitative Glucose Detection Using Terahertz Wireless Communication for THz Joint Communication and Sensing
Authors: Lee Wonkyoung , Kim Eon Sang , Lee Joon Ki , Cho Seung-Hyun
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate quantitative glucose detection using terahertz (THz) wireless communication for THz joint communication and sensing. The experimental results show a strong correlation between glucose concentrations and performance parameters including the eye amplitude and error vector amplitude in the eye and constellation diagrams.
Inverse Design of a Terahertz Quantum Algorithm Emulator
Authors: Blackwell Ashley N. , Yahiaoui Riad , Chen Yi-Huan , Chen Pai-Yen , Chase Zizwe A. , Searles Thomas A.
Published: July 2023

A metastructure-based on a graded-index lens is presented for the terahertz regime as an emulator for quantum algorithms. Further optimization is presented by applying machine learning in an inverse design strategy.
LOS and NFT Enabled the Characterization of Various Bound State Optical Solitons
Authors: Li Jingwen , Wu Zhichao , Zhang Jing , Li Xiang , Huang Tianye
Published: July 2023

We use the linear optical sampling with ultra-high equivalent sampling rate to achieve characterization of dual, triple and quadruple bound state optical solitons. The spectral and temporal resolution are both better than conventional measurement devices.
Low Reflection Loss Dispersion Compensation Scheme for Broadly Tunable sub-ps Solid State Lasers
Authors: Szipőcs Gergely , Krolopp Ádám , Chong Shau Poh , Török Peter , Szipőcs Róbert
Published: July 2023

Combination of high (R>99.9%) reflection from an ion-beam sputtered ultrabroadband chirped mirror and Fresnel reflection from a wedged fused silica substrate forming a Gires-Tournois interferometer provides a wavelength independent, adjustable dispersion compensation for broadly tunable sub-ps lasers such as Ti:sapphire.
Variety of mode-locking patterns in Figure-9 lasers: a view from the parameter space
Authors: Li Jiahe , Jiang Weiqi , Meng Yafei , Wang Fengqiu
Published: July 2023

We proposed an approach to visualize the mode-locking pattern of a Figure-9 lasers. The parameter space of several configurations was probed and a variety of mode-locking patterns of great differences were obtained.
Attenuators for Ultrafast High Peak Power Laser Pulses Based on Diffraction
Authors: Gate Gregory , Song Huanyu , Tavella Franz , Glownia James
Published: July 2023

Attenuators must have a damage threshold to handle input pulses while not introducing significant dispersion or altering the spectrum. We have developed such an attenuator based on diffraction that can meets these requirements.
Unveiling attractive and repulsive dynamics of self-assembled dissipative soliton molecules
Authors: Wu Zhuang , Liu Yusong , Liu Haoguang , Sun Yixiang , Huang Siyun , Yao Yao , Luo Yiyang , Yan Lisong , Tang Xiahui , Sun Qizhen , Shum Perry Ping
Published: July 2023

Real-time spectroscopy enriches our knowledge of the build-up and transient dynamics of ultrashort pulses. By virtue of the ultrafast spectral interferometry, we unveil the attractive and repulsive dynamics of self-assembled dissipative soliton molecules vividly.
Comparison of Soft and Hard Mask for Fabrication of High Q SiN Microring Resonators
Authors: Rukh Lala , Colacion Gabriel , Drake Tara
Published: July 2023

This work reports two robust methods for fabrication of high-quality factor (Q) SiN resonators using a polymer-based mask and a metallic mask. We compare the etch uniformity, sidewall quality, and quality factors of the fabricated waveguides and resonators.
High-order vector modes activated intra-mode forward stimulated Brillouin scattering in few-mode fibers
Authors: Li Yichun , Wei Zizhou , Wang Han , Shou Haozhe , Pang Fufei , Zhang Liang
Published: July 2023

The intra-mode forward stimulated Brillouin scattering activated by an interplay between high-order vector optical modes and transverse acoustic waves in few-mode fibers is theoretically and experimentally demonstrated.
A Simplified Soft-output MLSE Concatenated with LDPC Decoding in 112-Gb/s PAM-4 Transmissions
Authors: Zhao Xue , Zhou Jiahao , Zhang Jing , Sun Xiaotian , Yan Jiaxin , Xu Bo , Qiu Kun
Published: July 2023

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a simplified soft-output MLSE and LDPC decoding in a 112-Gb/s PAM-4 signal transmission over 2-km SSMF. We achieve almost the same performance as conventional soft-output MLSE with 49.6% complexity reduce.
Photothermal evanescent-field gas detection using all-fiber acousto-optic heterodyne interferometry
Authors: Zhu Yi , Guo Anbo , Xu Jiangtao , Zhang Weijian , Zhang Zhengwei , Zeng Xianglong
Published: July 2023

A compact photothermal evanescent-field NH3 detection with detection limit of 32 ppm and response time less than 30 seconds is experimentally achieved in a tapered nanofiber at communication band via all-fiber acousto-optic heterodyne interferometry.
Time-reversed ultranarrow-band telecommunication photon-pair sources over 10,000 modes
Authors: Chang Kai-Chi , Cheng Xiang , Sarihan Murat Can , Wong Chee Wei
Published: July 2023

We report the first time-reversible ultranarrow-band photon-pair generation with 42 MHz free-spectral range, 4.6 MHz linewidth via singly-filtered biphoton frequency combs. Our photon-pair sources have over 10,000 modes in telecommunication band.
Gradient-based Quantum Neural Network Using Quantum Computing Chips
Authors: Zhan Y. C. , Zhang H. , Cai H. , Poenar D. P. , Kwek L. C. , Liu A. Q.
Published: July 2023

An analytic gradient algorithm for training neural networks in an 8-mode quantum photonic chip is proposed. The algorithm shows 4x faster-training speed and 3% accuracy rate enhancement than existing approaches in solving two classification tasks.
Wigner distribution of partially coherent light generated by optical vortices
Authors: Acevedo Cristian Hernando , Dawda Shubham , Dogariu Aristide
Published: July 2023

We developed analytical expressions for the Wigner distribution function of partially coherent fields generated by the scattering of structured beams. Specific properties identified for different types of optical vortices can guide their use in communications in turbulent media.
Decorrelated Source for Heralded Indistinguishable Photons at 1550 nm in Rb:KTP Waveguides
Authors: Padberg Laura , Stefsky Michael , Lengeling Sebastian , Luo Kai Hong , Hermann Harald , Brecht Benjamin , Eigner Christof , Silberhorn Christine
Published: July 2023

We present the fabrication, characterisation and modelling of an in-house fabricated source of decorrelated, indistinguishable photon pairs at 1550 nm based on a periodically poled Rb:KTP waveguide.
Spatio-temporal Dynamics in a Limaçon-shaped Microlaser
Authors: Kim Kyungduk , Bittner Stefan , Jin Yuhao , Zeng Yongquan , Wang Qi Jie , Cao Hui
Published: July 2023

We experimentally investigate the lasing dynamics in a Limaçon-shaped microcavity that has chaotic ray dynamics. The laser emission intensity fluctuations reveal multiple spatio-temporal processes of distinct origins, each featuring different spatial and temporal scales.
1358 nm High-Power DFB Lasers with Integrated Spot-Size-Converter
Authors: Zhang Yuanhao , Liu Can , Xiang Minwen , Li Guojiong , Yu PanPan , Lu Qiaoyin , Lu MingZhi , Guo WeiHua
Published: July 2023

We demonstrated a high power 1358 nm DFB laser with integrated spot-size converter. Output power over 66 mW at 200 mA and SMSR over 55 dB has been realized.
Time-Domain Travelling-Wave Analysis of Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers based on Chirped Quantum Dot Materials
Authors: Marchisio Andrea , Tunesi Lorenzo , Forrest Adam F. , Cataluna Maria Ana , Krakowski Michel , Bardella Paolo
Published: July 2023

We numerically study a tapered chirped Quantum Dot Semiconductor Optical Amplifier operating in the 1100 nm–1350 nm wavelength range, showing good agreement with experiments in terms of pulse amplification in both the single- and double-pass setups.
Incorporation of As to InP Quantum Dot Material for Near-Infrared Semiconductor Laser Diode
Authors: Al-Ghamdi M. S. , Karomi I. B.
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate the effect of arsenic composition percentage on inhomogeneous broadening, lasing wavelength and room temperature threshold current density. Lasing wavelength peak shows a red shift whereas inhomogeneous broadening became wider as As composition increased.
Mechanical Simulation of A Hybrid Micro-Integrated Diode Laser Module Developed for Space-Borne Application
Authors: Zou Dian , Müller Norbert , Schiemangk Max , Hariharan Sriram , Tyborski Christoph , Hirsch Janpeter , Goossen-Schmidt Nora , Wicht Andreas
Published: July 2023

We present the mechanical simulations of a compact laser module intended for space-borne application on a small satellite. The device is designed to withstand the 10+ grms random vibration without mechanical deterioration of the internal components.
The MEC-U Project at LCLS
Authors: Dyer Gilliss , Galtier Eric , Cunningham Eric , Curry Chandra Breanne , Fletcher Luke , Fiuza Frederico , Glenzer Siegfried , Gleason Arianna , Nagler Bob , Lee Hae Ja , Khaghani Dimitri , Gauthier Maxence , Conder Alan , Martinez Mikael , LaFortune Kai , Hardin Corey , Arnold Brice , Yang Steven , Greenberg Michael , Spinka Thomas , Tang Vincent , Hill Elizabeth , Zuegel Jon D , Green Selina Z. , Fry Alan
Published: July 2023

We describe the Matter in Extreme Conditions Upgrade (MEC-U) project, co-locating kilojoule long pulse and high repetition rate petawatt lasers with LCLS in a new experimental hall at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory.
Cryogenic optical spectroscopy of color-centers in Si for quantum information processing
Authors: Fan Cody , Sarihan Murat Can , Huang Jiahui , Azizur-Rahman Khalifa M. , Kang Jin Ho , Liang Baolai , Liu Wei , Wong Chee Wei
Published: July 2023

We study environmental effects and ensemble behavior of the silicon T-center and 0.56 meV-split doublet luminescence center at 1313 nm by cryogenic photoluminescence spectroscopy for quantum information processing.
Proposal for a Density-Engineered Bose-Einstein Condensate for Long-Lived Quantum Memory
Authors: Da Ros Elisa , Kanthak Simon , Sağlamyürek Erhan , Gündoğan Mustafa , Krutzik Markus
Published: July 2023

We propose a scheme that exploits matter-wave optics in microgravity to increase the coherence time of quantum memories based on untrapped Bose-Einstein condensates by minimizing the density-dependent decoherence effects.
Scanning Interferometer Aimed at Characterizing Laser Coherence Lengths
Authors: Wahhab Henry B. , Rojas-Montoya Mariana , Smallwood Christopher L.
Published: July 2023

We report on the design and construction of a Mach-Zehnder Interferometer with an adjustable measuring arm aimed at quantifying the coherence lengths of lasers for use in undergraduate research projects and low-cost interferometers.
50-GHz-Spaced Flat Comb Generation by Inphase/Quadrature Electro-Optic Modulator Driven at 25 GHz
Authors: Harada Shun , Ishijima Tatsuki , Sakamoto Takahide , Chiba Akito
Published: July 2023

50-GHz spaced flat comb is experimentally generated from in-phase/quadrature optical modulator driven with 25-GHz signals. By non-mechanically adjusting amplitude and phase of driving signals, optical comb with even or odd frequency components are selectively generated.
Subspace tracking: a novel method for phase noise characterization of frequency combs
Authors: Razumov A. , Dumont M. , Terra O. , Dong B. , Riebesehl J. , Heebøll H. R. , Varming P. , Pedersen J. E. , Da Ros F. , Bowers J. E. , Zibar D.
Published: July 2023

Subspace tracking, in combination with multi-heterodyne coherent detection, is proposed for independent phase noise sources identification, separation and measurement. The method is experimentally demonstrated for phase noise characterization of EO and FM-mode-locked optical frequency combs.
High-Power Pulsed Green Fiber Laser via High-Efficiency Second Harmonic Generation
Authors: Kim Jinju , Lee Dal Yong , Choi Kyuhong , Jun Changsu
Published: July 2023

200W 532nm single-mode ns-laser with 10MHz-repetition-rate was developed by second-harmonic generation of 1064nm fiber laser. 60% conversion efficiency was achieved in a single-pass scheme by increasing the effective interaction volume between light and crystal.
Observation of Coexistent Dual-Comb Soliton Molecules
Authors: Liu Bowen , Shirahata Takuma , Yamashita Shinji , Set Sze Yun
Published: July 2023

We report the first demonstration of stably coexistent dual-wavelength bound states, where the temporal distributions of soliton molecules at two lasing wavelength components can be changed among different intra- and inter-molecule structures independently.
Machine Learning Assisted Structure Design of Octagonal Photonic Crystal Fiber with High Birefringence and Low Confinement Loss
Authors: Wang Chenxi , Zhou Peng , Dong Tianpei , Liu Yuanyuan , Tian Huiping
Published: July 2023

We present the design of an octagonal photonic crystal fiber assisted by the artificial neural network (ANN) with expected birefringence and confinement loss.