bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Occult Hepatitis B virus infection in children
Authors:   “Valentin Ignatenco” Municipal Children's Clinical Hospital, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova, Liubarscaia Svetlana ,   Department of Pediatrics, “Nicolae Testemitanu” State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova, Raba Tatiana ,   Department of Pediatrics, “Nicolae Testemitanu” State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) holds significant clinical importance, representing a unique phase of viral infection where HBsAg-negative individuals exhibit reduced viral DNA replication. This DNA may be undetectable or present in serum but is consistently found in the liver. Materials and methods. A comprehensive review of the PubMed database, focusing on occult HBV infection in children from January 2013 to April 2023, was conducted. Results. Out of 914 identified articles, 111 publications met the criteria for “occult HBV infection in children.” During this phase, covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) exhibits low replication activity. The mechanisms underlying the suppression of HBV replication are associated with host immune responses and epigenetic factors. The prevalence of occult HBV infection in adults varies significantly across different geographic regions, influenced by risk factors for parenteral transmission and the sensitivity of assays used for detecting HBsAg and HBV DNA. Occult HBV infection in children is not well understood, with reported prevalence ranging from 20% to 54%. HBV transmission can occur parenterally, through blood transfusions, horizontal transmission, or liver transplantation, potentially leading to acute hepatitis. Reactivation can occur under immunosuppression, accelerating the progression from chronic hepatitis to cirrhosis, and contributing to the development of malignancies. Conclusions. Occult HBV infection in children is a form of chronic HBV infection with a variable prevalence. Testing for anti-HBc is crucial for diagnosing hepatitis of unknown etiology in children, as it can help detect chronic HBV infection.
Determining the risk factors of congenital heart defects in children from 2019 to 2023 in Al-Imam Sadiq Hospital in Iraq: a retrospective study
Authors:   Pediatric Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Babylon, Babil City, Iraq, Ali Maryam Eid Abd , Aldoori Nuhad Mohammed ,   Pediatric Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Babylon, Babil City, Iraq
Published: January 2025

Objective. To determine the relationship between non-inherited risk factors among children with cardiac defects and their certain sociodemographic variables. Materials and methods. A retrospective study design was used for this study of congenital heart defects children in Babylon Centre for catheterization and cardiac Surgery in Al-Imam Sadiq Hospital Babylon province / Iraq (4/10/2023 to 1/7/2024). A nonprobability convenience sample of 542 patients aged 0-18 years with CHD was collected by administering a constructed tool for the study purposes. Result. The majority of the infants were between the ages group in 0-12 months with mean ages (22.28) almost equal in their sexes and 60.7% of parents were relative, more than three quarters were full term, less than half was born with additional abnormalities and majority of mothers were aged 36-45 years. Conclusions. Statistically significant associations were identified between CHD and the following factors: birth weight (p <0.14), parental consanguinity (p <0.037), and parental or relative history of CHD. Analysis of variance revealed significant relationships between CHD and additional abnormalities at birth (p <0.001, p <0.03), gestational term (p <0.03), and maternal age (p <0.025).
On the Role of the Economics of Quality in Fulfilling the Tasks Set by the National Development Goals of Russia for the Period Up to 2030: the Case of Saint Petersburg
Authors:   Institute for Regional Economic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Okrepilov Vladimir V.
Published: January 2025

The author considers the application of the methodology of the scientific field "economics of quality" in fulfilling the tasks set by the national development goals of Russia for the period up to 2030 and for the future until 2036. Using the example of the implementation of the Strategy for the Socio-Economic Development of Saint Petersburg, the author analyzes the experience of using the basic elements of the economics of quality, such as metrology, standardization, quality management, to encourage development of knowledge economy sectors, regional innovation system, ensuring sustainable economic growth and improving the quality of life of the population. A fundamentally new methodological approach to assessing the quality of life of the population based on a unique multi-level quality management system is presented.
Beyond Neoliberalism and its Failure: Noonomy as Possibility
Authors:   National University of Athens, Matsas Savvas Michael
Published: January 2025

The 2008 global financial crash and its ongoing spiraling consequences mark the failure of neoliberalism as a strategy of exit from the crisis following the collapse of the post-World War II international Bretton Woods Keynesian framework. Technological progress per se cannot solve the strategic impasse as the problems in productivity growth demonstrate. Modernization itself has to
overcome the obstacles posed by a fundamental crisis of late modernity in the epoch of advanced capitalist decline noonomy provides an open field of research of the relations between scientific-technological progress and political economy in the 21st century. It focuses on the progress of integration of science into a cognition based social production without exploitation.A comparative
study with the “general intellect” concept advanced by Karl Marx in Grundrisse and the related debates on this topic during the last decades could be fruitful. In this context, noonomy provides new insights and possibilities for a re-elaboration of a socialist strategy of exit from the global crisis.
Bird assemblage structure in the Desert Puna in areas with different disturbance activity of a subterranean herbivorous rodent
Authors: Andino Natalia , Fernández Viviana , Giannoni Stella M. , Borghi Carlos E.
Published: January 2025

Herbivorous subterranean rodents, such as Ctenomys mendocinus (tuco-tuco), have a significant impact on vegetation cover and composition. This study aimed to examine the indirect influence of tuco-tucos on bird populations and assemblages in the southernmost region of the desert Puna. In a shrub-steppe community, at an altitude of between 3,000 and 3,100 m.a.s.l., bird surveys were conducted from February 2001 to October 2004. Transects of 50 m in length and 40 m in width were established: 56 located in highly disturbed patches and 53 in patches with low disturbance by tuco-tucos. Our results show that areas with higher disturbance by tuco-tucos are associated with a decrease in bird abundance (93 individuals in disturbed areas vs. 226 in undisturbed areas) and lower species richness (6 species in disturbed areas vs. 11 in undisturbed areas).
Análisis de las relaciones eco-geomorfológicas y edáficas a lo largo de un transecto en un sector de alta montaña del Parque Nacional Sierra de las Nieves
Authors: Martínez-Murillo Juan F. , Menjíbar-Romero Mario , Carruana-Herrera David , Hueso-González Paloma
Published: January 2025

El Parque Nacional Sierra de las Nieves se sitúa en un espacio geográfico hotspot del cambio global. Este espacio presenta una gran variedad de paisajes eco-geomorfológicos, siendo el menos estudiado el situado por encima de 1.600 m.s.n.m., con rasgos bioclimáticos de alta montaña y uso humano prolongado. Este trabajo estudia las relaciones eco-geomorfológicas y edáficas en este sector, mediante la realización de un inventario eco-geomorfológico y muestreo y análisis de propiedades edáficas a lo largo de un transecto longitudinal, en una depresión de laderas calcáreas y presencia de cárcavas de fondo. Los resultados evidencian la falta de relación estadística entre las variables consideradas, lo que manifiesta la existencia de un patrón eco-geomorfológico que podría ser similar al de las islas de fertilidad, característica de ambientes semiáridos, a consecuencia de las condiciones bioclimáticas y el impacto del uso humano heredado. Este hallazgo deberá ser investigado con mayor detenimiento en futuros trabajos.
Femmes de sciences
Authors: Cabanel Anna
Published: January 2025

Femme et science : les deux termes ont longtemps été perçus comme antinomiques, si bien que dans l’imaginaire des sociétés occidentales la figure du scientifique demeure encore largement masculine. Transformer cette image afin que les femmes puissent être pleinement acceptées et reconnues dans les mondes scientifique et universitaire est le défi qu’a voulu relever l’International Federation of University Women (Fédération internationale des femmes diplômées des universités ou FIFDU). Fondée en 1919 par des femmes scientifiques de renom international, la FIFDU est la première organisation scientifique exclusivement féminine ; elle parvient à s’imposer, au cours de l’entre-deux-guerres, sur la scène internationale.À la croisée des champs de l’histoire des sciences et de l’histoire du genre, l’ouvrage s’intéresse aux processus d’élaboration et de promotion d’une figure scientifique déclinée au féminin : celle des university women. Il analyse les efforts menés par la FIFDU, spécialement la mise en place d’un programme international de bourses de recherche dédié aux chercheuses, pour déconstruire les conventions sociales et les représentations culturelles qui ralentissent la participation et la reconnaissance des femmes en science.
HYBRID SHEPARD CONVOLUTIONAL KRONECKER NETWORK-BASED GLAUCOMA DISEASE DETECTION SYSTEM USING RETINAL FUNDUS IMAGE
Authors: Dhavale Neha , Tiwari Manish
Published: January 2025

A neuro-degenerative eye disease called Glaucoma is expanded due to the development of ocular pressure inside the retina. Worldwide, glaucoma is the second widest reason for increased vision loss. Moreover, glaucoma affects millions of people, and early intervention is crucial to prevent irreversible vision loss. The absence of an early diagnosis causes complete blindness to the individuals. Furthermore, screening entire populations for glaucoma is impractical due to its low prevalence in communities, the lack of cost-effectiveness, and various logistical challenges. Therefore, the above-mentioned issues are overcome by this investigation proposing an effectual detection scheme called Shepard Convolutional Kronecker Network (ShCKN) for glaucoma detection. Initially, the input glaucoma image undergoes preprocessing with a Gaussian filter to eliminate unwanted noise. The preprocessed image is then fed into the segmentation module, where optic disc segmentation is achieved using Bayesian fuzzy clustering (BFC), followed by blood vessel detection through a sparking process. Significant features, such as local gradient binary pattern (LGBP), convolutional neural network (CNN) features, and statistical features, are then extracted. Finally, glaucoma detection is conducted using the ShCKN, which integrates Shepard convolutional neural networks (ShCNN) and deep Kronecker network (DKN), with layer modifications based on fuzzy concepts. Furthermore, the proposed ShCKN model achieved the highest accuracy of 91.8%, specificity of 91.4%, sensitivity of 91.2%, and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of 88.3%.
Comparative Study of Four Transparent Hydrophobic Coatings for Water Saving Potential in Dust Cleaning Context of Solar Power Plants
Authors: Sengar Namrata , Shringi Koushal
Published: January 2025

Dust deposition may reduce the yield of the PV panels from 10-50% depending upon the amount of dust deposited, particle size and nature. To prevent loss of efficiency of power plant, cleaning of PV panels is generally required in one-two weeks and in summers during dust storms cleaning frequency needs to be increased. Generally, for cleaning de-ionised water is recommended which adds to the cost and even availability of ordinary water for cleaning is a problem with water scarce regions. In the world, most of the high solar potential sites which are ideal for solar PV power plant installation lie in water scarce regions. The attractive locations for solar energy in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa are water stressed. Therefore, it becomes important to devise methods to reduce the water consumption in cleaning of solar PV panels in solar power plants. There are studies going on several methods, one such option is use of transparent hydrophobic coatings on the solar panel surface to reduce dust deposition and water used in cleaning. The present work is a step in the direction of estimation of reduction of water consumption with the use of transparent hydrophobic coatings. The present paper discusses the characteristics of dust particles deposited on the solar power plant at University of Kota, Kota, India location and compares the water use amount in cleaning dust on five glass samples. The five samples consist of four different transparent hydrophobic coatings available in market and one is the reference uncoated glass sample. Tests have been done and reported for transparency, dust deposition and water use amount in cleaning for the five samples. On the basis of the comparative study, the amount of water saving potential is estimated for solar power plants. The challenges in use of hydrophobic coatings have been discussed and scope for future work in this field has been examined.
Comparing the Effectiveness of ChatGPT3.5 and Bing GPT4 as Supplementary Resources to Enhance the Teaching, Learning, and Assessment of Human Anatomy
Authors: Wickramarathna A. M. , Kumara S. S. , Buddhasinghe R. U. , Wijayasekara A. E.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown promise in revolutionizing healthcare education by providing efficient and beneficial learning opportunities for students and reducing the workload for educators.  Materials and methods: This study was conducted from September 2023 to October 2023 assessing the accuracy, relevance, comprehensiveness, and user-friendliness of responses given by ChatGPT3.5 and Bing GPT4 on human anatomy. Results: Both AI tools were able to provide detailed descriptions of gross anatomy, human embryology, and histology. While both showed a need for improvement in generating sample questions, Traditional methods still offer superior accuracy and relevance compared to AI Chatbots. But Chatbots provide personalized and convenient responses. Conclusion: As AI technology continues to evolve, caution should be exercised in using AI tools for anatomy education, as their capabilities and performance may change over time.
Can a Projected Image Test Replace the Traditional Gross Anatomy Spot Test?
Authors: Amaratunga H. A. , Kosgallana W. E.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Conducting traditional gross anatomy spot (spotter/tag) (3D) in the laboratory is becoming increasingly difficult due to the large number of students and shortage of staff. This study aimed to assess the practicality of conducting projected gross anatomy image test (2D) conducted in a lecture hall for first year medical undergraduates and assessing their performance and attitudes towards this form of testing.  Material and Methods: First-year medical undergraduates were subject to two forms of gross anatomy testing in the form of traditional spot test (3D) and projected gross anatomy image test (2D). An online questionnaire was administered to the students to gain information regarding their attitudes regarding the two types of examinations. Descriptive analysis and one-sample T-test was used to compare the results .    Results: Sample consisted of 248 students. There were 149 females (60%). Mean age in years was 21.34 (SD=2.3). The mean projected image test scores out of hundred was 70% (SD=3.14). The mean score for the OSPE component of the Y1S1 examination was 63.3% (SD=4.11). The observe difference in the means was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: While the projected gross anatomy image test (2D) was less time consuming and easy to setup and the students performed better in it they prefer the gross anatomy spot (3D) type of test. Both types have their advantages and disadvantages and maybe used in combination to reduce examination time and invigilator requirements.
Undergraduate Medical Education in Bangladesh: Current Scenario and Future Challenges
Authors: Khan K. M. , Ferdous J. , Islam M.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Undergraduate medical education in Bangladesh plays a crucial role in developing competent physicians. The Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) is the primary undergraduate medical degree. The medical education system in Bangladesh is structured around government and private medical colleges, with the former being more accessible due to lower tuition fees.  Objective: This country paper highlighted the current situation, future challenges and recommendations to ensure quality of undergraduate medical education in Bangladesh.  Current scenario and challenges: Though the landscape of undergraduate medical education in Bangladesh has evolved significantly over the past few decades, it still faces various challenges in terms of curriculum, infrastructure, quality control and disparities between government and private institutions. One of the key issues is the mismatch between theoretical knowledge and practical skills, which has been a long-standing criticism in medical education globally. This gap is often attributed to a curriculum that has not fully embraced modern pedagogical approaches.  Recommendations: To improve undergraduate medical education in Bangladesh, several key reforms are necessary. First, curriculum revision is crucial, focusing on competency-based education that emphasizes critical thinking, patient care and ethical practice. Second, faculty development programs should be expanded to include modern teaching strategies and continuous professional development. Third, both public and private medical colleges should invest in improving infrastructure and resources to support practical learning. Finally, stronger oversight by regulatory bodies is needed to ensure that medical colleges adhere to high educational standards.
Development and Validation of a Tool to assess the Retention of Clinical Anatomy Knowledge
Authors: Amaratunga H. A. , Dissabandara L. , Adikari S. B. , Marambe N. K.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: A thorough knowledge in anatomy is essential for the medical student and thereafter for the practicing doctor. Therefore, retention of knowledge acquired during formative years becomes valuable. Knowledge attrition may occur as students move from preclinical years towards clinical training. A tool to measure the level of retention becomes important to assess the level of attrition and apply remedial measures.   Methodology: AKRA tool, a MCQ based tool was developed aligned to the learning objectives assessed and edited by opinions of clinicians. The AKRA tool was validated using expert opinion and statistical methods. For statistical assessment, it was administered to 100, 3rd year medical students and 20 recently passed out doctors and the scores calculated. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach alpha, and item discrimination using Pearson correlation. MCQs were graded into poor, marginal, good and excellent based on item discrimination and difficulty indices. Criterion validity was assessed by comparing the AKRA scores with those of an institutional examination. AKRA score was administered to students of two other institutions and scores were compared.  Results: AKRA tool consisted of 42 MCQs. The reliability was high (Cronbach Alph = 0.81). The average score for AKRA was 61.78 (SD=12.3) %. The AKRA scores of the students correlated well with anatomy test scores achieved at the institutional examination (r=0.76). Scores between the other institutions did not show a significant difference. Conclusion: AKRA tool is a validated MCQ-based tool to assess the clinical anatomy knowledge in medical students and doctors.
Cogan’s syndrome presenting as bilateral scleritis
Authors: Narang Subina , Bhattacharyya Anusuya , Sharma Unnati , Kaur Daljinder
Published: January 2025

Cogan’s syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease classified under primary variable vessel vasculitis with variable systemic presentations. Due to nonavailability of specific diagnostic test, diagnosis becomes a challenge and clinical diagnosis is the mainstay of diagnosis. In this article, we report a case of Cogan’s syndrome presenting as bilateral scleritis. Detailed history and general physical examination revealed hearing loss, tinnitus, and aortic regurgitation. The patient was successfully treated with corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide, and mesna (sodium 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate), which gave a good recovery. The patient is free of any recurrence till the longest follow-up period of 36 months. Our findings suggest that strong clinical suspicion with the initiation of early immunosuppressive therapy leads to a favorable outcome in Cogan’s syndrome.
The unique case of two brothers with neurotrophic keratitis-related hereditary and autonomic neuropathy syndrome type 8
Authors: Bolat Kübra N , Erduran Bilgehan , Can Ertuğrul
Published: January 2025

We aimed to report a unique case of neurotrophic keratopathy in two brothers with autosomal recessive hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy (HSAN) syndrome type 8. The two brothers, aged 10 years, 5 months, and 10 days, were admitted to our clinic with complaints of reduced visual acuity and wounds on various parts of their bodies. Both brothers were diagnosed with HSAN syndrome type 8 due to the PRDM12 gene mutation. Biomicroscopic examination revealed bilateral neurotrophic keratitis in both patients. Prophylactic topical antibiotics, preservative-free artificial tears, and soft contact lenses were initiated.
Cardiopulmonary arrest before extraocular-muscle hooking during strabismus surgery
Authors: Komoto Shimpei , Morimoto Takeshi , Koh Shizuka , Kitaguchi Yoshiyuki , Fujino Takahiro , Shimojo Hiroshi , Nishida Kohji
Published: January 2025

Oculo-cardiac reflex (OCR) is defined as dysrhythmia or bradycardia by manipulation of the eyeball, especially often in extraocular-muscle hooking. OCR occasionally leads to serious complications, including intraoperative death. We report a unique case of cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) during strabismus surgery before extraocular-muscle hooking. A 56-year-old Japanese woman was referred for the treatment of paralytic esotropia. Significant contracture was observed in the preoperative forced duction test (FDT). During the first surgery under local anesthesia, severe OCR leading to CPA occurred, when Tenon’s capsule was dissected before extraocular-muscle hooking. Fortunately, spontaneous circulation returned after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Additional surgery was performed under general anesthesia without complications. Finally, esotropia recovered completely. In our case, we speculate that strong tension was applied during surgical-field exposure to overcome the prominent contracture revealed by FDT. In eyes in which significant restrictions are expected, surgeons must take several precautions to diminish OCR as much as possible.
Segmental prisms for correction of strabismus
Authors: Bajaj Ishita , Usmani Areeba , Jain Antriksh , Sharma Pradeep
Published: January 2025

Prisms are used for various purposes in strabismic eyes and can be of various types, including ground prisms and press-on Fresnel prisms. Here, we focus on the use of prisms, especially Fresnel prisms, in small angle deviations and diplopia, particularly when it varies in different gazes. In this article, we have discussed five patients, all of whom had different types of small angle deviations, either residual, consecutive, or with anomalous head posture, which were treated satisfactorily with the use of Fresnel prisms in glasses either entirely or segmentally. The aim was to obtain orthophoria and binocular vision with prisms and defer surgery.
Use of trypan blue dye for diagnosing fungal filaments
Authors: Kalaria Hardik , Modi Palak , Dandekar Prajakta , Patel Prashant
Published: January 2025

A 35-year-old male patient was diagnosed with microbial keratitis in the left eye. We did corneal scrapings of the left eye and plated it on the slide. Trypan blue dye was used to stain the slide and observe it under the microscope. Septate fungal filaments were found under 40 × magnification. The patient was then started on antifungals and showed an improved response. Thus, trypan blue staining can be used as a routine in diagnosing microbial keratitis of suspected fungal etiology, especially where expert ocular microbiology facilities are not available to hasten the diagnosis and treatment.
Testosterone and vision: The hidden threat of central retinal artery occlusion
Authors: Sruthi Kunduru , Babu M Upendra , Reddy Y C Venugopal , Anthwal Deepak
Published: January 2025

A 25-year-old man presented with sudden, painless vision loss in his right eye for one day. He had no history of trauma, consanguinity, smoking, headaches, or surgeries. Right eye visual acuity was 1/60, left eye was 6/6, and both eyes had normal intraocular pressure (15 mmHg). The right eye had a relative afferent papillary defect (RAPD), and the fundus showed an altered retinal appearance and a cherry red spot at the macula. Optical coherence tomography showed inner retinal hyperreflectivity with minimal edema. Fluorescein angiography revealed delayed retinal filling (18 seconds), suggestive of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). He reported using testosterone injections for hypogonadism for the past two years. Since cardiac, neurological, rheumatological, and hematological workups were normal, testosterone was suspected to be the cause. On a follow-up of two months, his visual acuity improved to 6/60.
Behind the bulging eyes: A rare case of acute myeloid leukemia M2 presenting as bilateral proptosis
Authors: Nagarajan Shastikaa , Ramesh Prasanna V , Rangasami Sathiskumar , Azad Ashik
Published: January 2025

We report a rare case of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) M2 presenting as bilateral proptosis in an 11-year-old female. The patient presented with bilateral swelling around the eyes, redness, and nasal bleeding. Ocular examination revealed tense eyeballs, periorbital edema, and fundoscopic changes. Laboratory investigations confirmed severe anemia, leukocytosis, and thrombocytopenia. Imaging studies showed bilateral periorbital and preseptal soft tissue thickening, leading to proptosis. Flow cytometry confirmed AML M2. Prompt chemotherapy resulted in a significant reduction in proptosis and resolution of systemic symptoms. This case highlights the importance of considering AML in pediatric patients with unexplained orbital masses and emphasizes the need for early diagnostic evaluation and prompt treatment to achieve optimal outcomes.
Cataract surgery in corneal ectatic disorders
Authors: Bhargava Mona , Chaudhary Neha , Bera Debasmita
Published: January 2025

This case series highlights challenges during intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation and cataract surgery in various corneal ectatic disorders. Approaching cataract surgery in these patients requires careful assessment of corneal stability, keratometric values, IOL selection, and surgical techniques to increase the likelihood of a successful outcome. Here, we report three scenarios of corneal ectasias who had satisfactory visual outcomes after cataract surgery with IOL implantation.
Unusual ocular manifestation in Wolfram syndrome
Authors: Murthy Sowmya Raveendra , Mistry Mansi , Agarwal Disha
Published: January 2025

Wolfram syndrome (WS), also known as diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, and deafness (DIDMOAD), is a rare neurodegenerative disease. Bilateral optic atrophy is the most common ocular manifestation of the syndrome. Other ocular manifestations, such as color vision defects, visual field defects, nystagmus, strabismus, cataracts, and pigmentary retinopathy have also been described, albeit at lower frequencies.[1] Various types of cataracts have been reported in WS. We report a young male patient with bilateral, visually significant cataracts and optic atrophy, who was a known diabetic with hearing loss and genitourinary abnormalities. Surgical intervention for cataracts, followed by appropriate refractive correction, helped restore ambulatory vision for daily life in our patient despite optic atrophy.
Extending surjective maps preserving the norm of symmetric Kubo-Ando means
Authors: Chetcuti Emmanuel , Healey Curt
Published: January 2025

In Dong et al. (2022, Journal of Operator Theory 88, 365–406), the authors addressed the question of whether surjective maps preserving the norm of a symmetric Kubo-Ando mean can be extended to Jordan

$\ast $

-isomorphisms. The question was affirmatively answered for surjective maps between the positive definite cones of unital

$C^{*}$

-algebras for certain specific classes of symmetric Kubo-Ando means. Here, we give a comprehensive answer to this question for surjective maps between the positive definite cones of

$AW^{*}$

-algebras preserving the norm of any symmetric Kubo-Ando mean.
Свойства дискретного не более чем счетного объединения множеств в несимметричных пространствах
Authors: Tsar'kov Igor' Germanovich
Published: January 2025

Показано, что не более чем счетное объединение непересекающихся множеств существования не является чебышeвским множеством. Охарактеризовано несимметричное линейное пространство, в котором каждое ограниченно компактное (аппроксимативно компактное) множество
является множеством существования.
Библиография: 32 названия.
Post Terminal Pleistocene Reconstruction of Ancient Fire Wood and Human-Environment Relations in the Afro-Alpine Region of the Bale Mountains, Ethiopia: an Anthracological Study
Authors: Alemseged Beldados  , Tefera Tarekegn  , Gotz Ossendorf
Published: January 2025

This research presents the result of analysis of anthracological remains excavated from four archaeological sites located in the Bale Mountains. The samples were collected from the early Late Stone Age occupation phase to the early arrival of pastoralists in the Bale Mountains (46.5 ka-1.2 ka). The aims of the study are: to reconstruct firewood collection, vegetation history, to shed new light on the poorly understood environmental conditions during human occupation phases in the Bale Mountains, and to understand interactions between past humans and their environment in African high-altitude ecozone. The investigation was conducted on a total of 485 charcoal macro-remains, from which, a total of 328 were identified into taxa and seven different plant species were recorded. The recorded taxa include Erica cf. arborea type (n=75), Myrsine type (n=69), Solanum type (n=48), Artemisia cf. afratype (n=44), Hagenia abyssinica (n=42), Hypericum type (n=29) and Juniperus type (n=21). This study addresses various important issues, including firewood collection, vegetation cover, palaeoenvironment, prehistoric human ecological preferences, and adaptation strategies in the afro-alpine region of the Bale Mountains.
Review of Food Security in Ethiopia from the Perspective of Human Rights-Based Approaches
Authors: Gizachew Animaw  , Meskerem Abi  , Messay Mulugeta  , Mekete Bekele
Published: January 2025

Ethiopia, the second-most populous country in Africa following Nigeria, exhibits a rapidly expanding economy, marked by a growth rate of 6.06% in Fiscal Year 2020/21. However, it is still one of the world's most food-insecure countries, and a significant number of its population suffers from hunger and malnutrition. The Global Hunger Index (GHI) score for the year 2022 rises rapidly to 27.6, signifying a severe and critical state of hunger and malnutrition. To address this problem, the Government of Ethiopia (GoE) has already launched the Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP), the largest social safety net programme on the African continent. The programme has significantly reduced drought impacts by 57% while simultaneously lowering the national poverty rate by 2%. However, its effectiveness in both rural and urban areas has been hampered by the incomplete adoption and application of the human rights based approaches (HRBAs). This article presents a rigorous critical review of Ethiopia's food security endeavours through the productive safety net programme, delving into the intricate ramifications of the country's food security challenges being exacerbated by the incomplete integration of rights-based approaches. The assessment used a systematic literature review and identified a considerable number of challenges in the operational implementation of the productive safety net programme, including biassed area selection, exclusion of vulnerable individuals, weakened institutional connections, gender bias, and limited community participation. These challenges are believed to stem from the absence of rights-centred approaches. Furthermore, the absence of adequate legislative and judicial tools to enforce the right to food has exacerbated the country's food insecurity crisis.
A Study of Pre-Analytical Errors in a Chemical Pathology Laboratory
Authors: Adepeju Akinlawon Adetiloye , Ogunleke Olumide Ayobami , Ibrahim Ayisat Abiola , Adesiyan Adekunle Abiodun , Onayade Temitope O.
Published: January 2025

No Abstract
Emerging and Re-Emerging Bacterial Infections: An Overview
Authors: Ademulegun Faith Gbemisola , Uyigue Paulinus Osarodion , Onemu Samson Ohwonohwo , Ojo Bola , Oduwole Olabisi Adejibike
Published: January 2025

No Abstract
Estrategias de contenido digital en Facebook y su impacto de la difusión del patrimonio cultural de El Oro
Authors: Pezantes Prado Stefany Paola , Mena Clerque Sandra Elizabeth
Published: January 2025

La difusión digital del patrimonio cultural de la provincia de El Oro, Ecuador, es una necesidad urgente dentro del contexto turístico, social y educativo de esta región. El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar el impacto de las estrategias de contenido digital en Facebook en la difusión del patrimonio cultural en la provincia del El Oro y evaluar como estas estrategias contribuyen al conocimiento, valorización y preservación del legado cultural en las nuevas audiencias. La presente investigación se llevó a cabo bajo un enfoque mixto, que combinó métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos para obtener una visión integral del fenómeno de estudio. El universo incluyó expertos en comunicación digital, marketing y gestión cultural de Machala, así como estudiantes y público en general que consume contenido en Facebook. Se realizaron entrevistas a expertos, así como una encuesta estructurada para recolectar información cuantitativa de los participantes. Los resultados reflejan que las publicaciones informativas y atractivas no solo promueven el patrimonio, sino que también generan un sentido de pertenencia y orgullo comunitario. Como conclusión el contenido visual de las narrativas digitales del patrimonio cultural de la provincia de El Oro en Facebook, fomentan la interacción digital entre la ciudadanía y su entorno cultural.
Eficiencia Productiva y Externalidades en banano, piña, tomate de árbol y tomate riñón
Authors: Marcial Ulloa Anahí Belén , Morales Carrasco  Lilián Victoria  , Córdova Pacheco  Ana Consuelo
Published: January 2025

En Ecuador, donde la agricultura es crucial para la economía, el aumento del uso de fitosanitarios para mejorar la productividad agrícola ha tenido consecuencias negativas. Este estudio analiza la eficiencia de cultivos transitorios y permanentes y su relación con la salud. Se utilizó un estudio descriptivo con datos de la Encuesta de Superficie y Producción Agropecuaria Continua del INEC y el Sistema de Información Pública Agropecuaria para identificar productos agrícolas con altos niveles de fitosanitarios y sus rendimientos. La estadística inferencial reveló que el rendimiento de los productos permanentes como el banano, piña y tomate de árbol dependen del uso de fitosanitarios, y se encontró una asociación entre el uso de fitosanitarios y mortalidad, particularmente relacionado con el tomate riñón en la región andina del Ecuador. Estos resultados son cruciales para los responsables de políticas públicas, especialmente en salud y control fitosanitario en Ecuador.
Influencia de las Estrategias de Marketing Digital Educativo en la fidelización de estudiantes universitarios del Ecuador
Authors: Martínez Pástor Ericka Gabriela , Erazo Álvarez Cristian Andrés
Published: January 2025

Las estrategias de marketing digital en el ámbito educativo tienen como objetivo fidelizar a los estudiantes universitarios, demostrando que su adecuada implementación incide en su retención y satisfacción. La falta de fidelización hacia una institución educativa se atribuye principalmente a la baja calidad educativa, a la deficiente comunicación institucional y a la carencia de gestión para fomentar la participación estudiantil, entre otros factores. Este artículo analizó la influencia del marketing digital educativo en la fidelización universitaria. La metodología empleada fue de enfoque mixto, de tipo relacional con un muestreo aleatorio simple aplicado a estudiantes universitarios. Se estableció una línea base para evaluar cómo el marketing digital educativo impacta en la fidelización estudiantil universitaria, considerando factores clave como la interacción en redes sociales, la personalización de contenidos y el uso de estrategias de comunicación digital. Entre los resultados se identificaron prácticas efectivas para mantener el interés y la lealtad estudiantil hacia las instituciones educativas, proporcionando recomendaciones para optimizar campañas de marketing digital y mejorar la experiencia universitaria.
Quantitative Analysis of Honey Bee Blood-Ethanol Levels Following Exposure to Ethanol Vapors
Authors: Stauch Kiri , LeBlanc Gabriel , Wells Harrington , Wincheski Riley , Grossner Laura M , Abramson Charles I
Published: January 2025

The use of invertebrate models has allowed researchers to examine the mechanisms behind alcoholism and its effects with a cost-effective system. In that respect, the honey bee is an ideal model species to study the effects of ethanol (EtOH) due to the behavioral and physiological similarities of honey bees with humans when alcohol is consumed. Although both ingestion and inhalation methods are used to dose subjects in insect EtOH model systems, there is little literature on the use of the EtOH vapor-exposure method for experiments using honey bees. The experiment presented here provides baseline data for a dose EtOH-hemolymph response curve when using EtOH vapor-inhalation dosing with honey bees (Apis mellifera). Bees were exposed to EtOH vapors for 0, 1, 2.5, or 5 min, and hemolymph was collected 1 min post EtOH exposure. Hemolymph samples were analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) for hemolymph EtOH concentration. The ethanol-hemolymph level of the bees increased linearly with exposure time. The results provide a dosing guide for hemolymph EtOH level in the honey bee model ethanol-inhalation system, and thus makes the honey bee model more robust.
Azərbaycan Şanxay Əməkdaşlıq Təşkilatı Üçün Etibarlı Tərəfdaşdır
Authors: Zeynalova Aytəkin
Published: January 2025

Qazaxıstanın paytaxtı Astana şəhərində keçirilən Şanxay Əməkdaşlıq Təşkilatının Zirvə görüşü ona üzv olan ölkələrin iqtisadiyyatının inkişafı, təhlükəsizliyin təmin edilməsi, qarşılıqlı əlaqələrin möhkəmləndirilməsi, vacib problemlərin həlli, birgə fəaliyyətin tənzimlənməsi baxımından böyük əhəmiyyətə malikdir. Şanxay Əməkdaşlıq Təşkilatı da öz fəaliyyətində demokratik prinsiplərə, dövlətlər arasında qarşılıqlı etimada və qonşuluq münasibətlərinə, siyasət, ticarət, iqtisadiyyat, elm və texnologiya, mədəniyyət, təhsil, enerji, nəqliyyat, turizm, sülh, təhlükəsizlik və sabitliyin əldə olunması üçün səylərin birləşdirilməsinə əsaslanan bir orqan kimi üzv dövlətlərin əlaqələndirilməsində, vacib problemlərin müzakirə edilib aradan qaldırılmasında mühüm rol oynayır. Azərbaycan bu təşkilatda dialoq tərəfdaşı statusuna sahib olmasına baxmayaraq, onun fəaliyyətində yaxından iştirak edir. Bu qurumla ölkəmiz arasında əməkdaşlıq sahələrini əks etdirən memorandum imzalanıb: “Terrorizm, ekstremizm və separatçılıq ilə mübarizəyə, regional təhlükəsizlik və sabitliyin qorunmasına böyük önəm verən dövlətimiz hər sahədə təşkilatla əlaqələrini ildən-ilə möhkəmləndirmək əzmindədir”. 16 ölkənin dövlət və hökumət başçılarının qatıldığı Zirvə görüşünün “Çoxtərəfli dialoqun möhkəmləndirilməsi - davamlı sülhə və inkişafa nail olmaq” mövzusuna həsr edilməsi bu günümüz üçün vacib və böyük əhəmiyyətə malik məsələdir. Məqalədə Cənab İlham Əliyevin Zirvə görüşü çərçivəsində Rusiya Prezidenti Vladimir Putin, Qazaxıstan Prezidenti Kasım-Jomart Tokayev, Çin Xalq Respublikasının sədri Si Cinpin ilə görüşləri, əlbəttə ki, ölkəmizin gələcək inkişafı və təhlükəsizliyi mövzusu, Prezidentin çıxışları, Azərbaycanın yeni dövr hədəfləri və xarici siyasətinin prioritetləri təhlil olunur. Həmçinin, Azərbaycanın Şanxay Əməkdaşlıq Təşkilatında iştirakının hər tərəfli analizi və bu təşkilatın miqyası və qlobal əhəmiyyəti işıqalndırılır. Məqalədə Prezidentin internet saytından, siyasi ekspertlərin telekanallara və xəbər saytlarına verdiyi müsahibələrdən, Azərbaycanın internet resurslarından istifadə olunub.
Qədim zamanlardan günümüzədək islam şəriəti əsasında sosial yardımlar
Authors: Esgərzadə Mədinə
Published: January 2025

Bu tədqiqat İslam hüququna əsaslanan sosial yardımın qədim zamanlardan hazırkı dövrəqədər olan təkamülünü araşdırır. Yarandığı dövrdən etibarən İslam təlimləri xeyriyyəçiliyin və ehtiyacı olanlara yardımın vacibliyini vurğulayır. İslamda sosial yardım anlayışı ədalət, mərhəmət və cəmiyyətin rifahı prinsiplərində dərin kök salmışdır. Tədqiqat İslam cəmiyyətlərində mövcud olan sosial yardımın tarixi inkişafını araşdırır, əldə olunan təcrübələri və zamanla baş verən dəyişiklikləri analiz edir. Araşdırmada İslam xilafətlərindən müsəlmanların çoxluq təşkil etdiyi ölkələrdəki müasir rifah sistemlərinə qədər, sosial ehtiyacların təmin olunmasında İslam prinsiplərinin tətbiqi ilə bağlı fikirlər öz əksini tapır. Araşdırma tarixi mətnləri, hüquqi mənbələri və müasir siyasətləri təhlil edərək sosial yardım proqramlarının formalaşdırılmasında İslami dəyərlərin davamlı aktuallığı və onların cəmiyyətin rifahına təsirini vurğulayır. Tədqiqatda Müsəlman dünyasında və ölkəmizdə sosial yardımın göstərilməsinin forma və üsulları, sosial yardımın subyekt və obyektləri və yardımın göstərilmə texnikası burada öz əksini tapır. İslam ənənələrinə əsaslanan yardımın insanların mənəvi tərəfinin təzahürü kimi göstərilməsi, vicdan və yardımsevərlik keyfiyyətləri ilə eyniləşdirilməsi mövzunun əsasını təşkil edir.
COP29 və Türk Dünyası: Regional Birlik və Əməkdaşlıq Prosesinin Mediada Əksi
Authors: İbrahimova Pervane
Published: January 2025

Azərbaycanın COP29-a ev sahibliyi ölkənin qlobal iqlim siyasətindəki mövqeyini gücləndirməklə yanaşı, dayanıqlı inkişaf sahəsində strateji hədəflərini ön plana çıxarmışdır. Bu tədbir Azərbaycanın beynəlxalq diplomatiyada rolunu artıraraq bərpa olunan enerji sahəsindəki təşəbbüsləri və qlobal iqlim dəyişikliyi ilə mübarizədəki səylərini nümayiş etdirmişdir. Bu konteksdə Şuşada 2024-cü ilin iyul ayında keçirilmiş Türk Dövlətləri Təşkilatının Zirvə görüşü Türk dünyasında həmrəyliyi möhkəmləndirmiş və iqlim dəyişikliyi, yaşıl enerji, dayanıqlı inkişaf sahələrində əməkdaşlığın artırılması üçün yeni imkanlar yaratmışdır. Bişkekdəki 11-ci Zirvə görüşündə bu xüsusda müzakirələr davam etdirilmiş, konkret fəaliyyət planları qəbul edilmişdir. COP29 zamanı Azərbaycan, Qazaxıstan və Özbəkistan prezidentlərinin üçtərəfli görüşündə yaşıl enerji üzrə strateji əməkdaşlığa dair Saziş imzalanaraq regional enerji siyasətində yeni mərhələ başlanmışdır. Türk dünyasının iqlim siyasətindəki mövqeyi, bu əməkdaşlığın regional inkişaf və geosiyasi dinamikalara təsirləri media materialları əsasında tədqiq edilmişdir. Azərbaycanın bu təşəbbüslərdəki liderliyi, həm regional əməkdaşlığa, həm də qlobal iqlim siyasətinə mühüm töhfə vermişdir.
Beynəlxalq və Yerli İdman Kanalları: Əsas Elementlər, Gəlir Mənbələri və Sosial Təsir
Authors: Nesirova Aynur
Published: January 2025

Məqalədə tematik kanalların bir növü olan idman televiziyalarının özəllikləri araşdırılıb. 20-ci əsrdə bir sahə kimi formalaşan idman televiziyaları idmanla bağlı yenilikləri daha geniş auditoriyaya çatdırır, izləyicilərə operativ informasiya ötürür. Tamaşaçıya fərdiləşdirilmiş məzmun təqdim edən idman kanallarının media və ictimaiyyət üzərində təsiri danılmazdır. Bu gün dünyanın müxtəlif ölkələrində fərqli-fərqli telekanallar izləyicilərə idmanla bağlı kontent təklif edir. İdman yayımının əyləncə ötürməsi ilə yanaşı izləyicidə sosial təsir yaratması, davranışı yönəltməsi araşdırmalarla sübut edilib. Bu sahədə aparılan tədqiqatlar göstərir ki, idman proqramları həm milli, həm də qlobal kimliyin formalaşdırılmasında əhəmiyyətli rol oynayır. Məqalədə beynəlxalq və yerli idman televiziyalarının statistikası çıxarılıb, hər birinin özünəməxsus və oxşar tərəfləri təhlilə cəlb olunaraq ümumiləşdirmələr aparılıb. Tədqiqatın nəticələrinə görə, idman kanalları auditoriyanın idman təcrübəsinə olan yanaşmasına təsir göstərir. Canlı yayım, interaktiv platformalar və real vaxtda şərh kimi imkanlarla idman daha interaktiv hala gətirilir. Bu da onları eksklüziv yayım hüquqları və sponsorlar, liqalar və reklamçılar üçün böyük gəlir mənbəyinə çevirir. Məqalədə idman kanallarının idmanın qlobal fenomenə çevrilməsinə, idman oyunlarının qaydalarına təsiri, sosial və əyləncə funksiyaları, idman xəbərlərinin auditoriya ilə əlaqələri, izləyicilərin idman xəbərlərinə marağı, araşdırmaya cəlb edilib.
Content in the New Media Environment: The Interaction of Medium and Message
Authors: Izzatli Sabina
Published: January 2025

This article examines the intricate relationship between content and medium in the new media environment, emphasizing the transformative impact of digital technologies on communication practices. The rapid evolution from traditional media to digital platforms has fundamentally altered how content is produced, disseminated, and consumed. Utilizing Marshall McLuhan’s assertion that "the medium is the message," the study investigates how diverse mediums such as social media, video-sharing sites, and digital texts shape the interpretation and reception of content. Through a mixed-methods approach, this research combines a theoretical analysis with an original survey of media and content consumers, aiming to capture how ordinary users perceive the relationship between media platforms and message influence. Survey results offer a practical view into audience attitudes, revealing insights on user engagement, participatory culture, and the shift from passive content consumption to active participation in content creation and distribution. By analyzing cultural context and the dynamics of user-generated content, this research demonstrates how the interplay between medium and message impacts audience perceptions and reshapes the media landscape. Understanding this interaction is crucial for navigating the complexities of contemporary information flows and informing future media practices and strategies. This article contributes to media studies discourse, providing insights into the evolving nature of content in the digital age.