bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LOCAL TAXATION: THE CURRENT STATE AND EXPERIENCE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES
Authors: Dema Dmytro , Shubenko Inna , Davydchuk Serhii
Published: May 2023

The paper examines the formation of local taxation system in Ukraine. It has been established that the number of local taxes and fees has been significantly reduced due to the evolution in the local taxation system. Currently the list of local taxes and fees comprises two local taxes, namely the property tax and the single tax, as well as two local fees including the tourist fee and the vehicle parking fee. It is determined that the basis for local budget revenues is formed by the tax receipts which tend to increase, with the simultaneous decrease in proceeds from state administration bodies. The personal income tax is considered to be the one having the strongest effect on the formation of local budget revenues. The analysis results determine that tax revenues from local taxes and fees have a growing tendency, however they are not budget-forming for the local budgets so far. The overall increase tax revenues to local budgets are observed from the property tax and a decrease in its component – transport tax. Local fees are proved to have a negligible effect on the formation of local budget revenues. It was determined that the local authorities have no power to lay local taxes and fees, preventing them to influence the amount of tax revenues to their budgets. The administration of local taxes and fees is negatively affected by the war, since real estate objects are exempt from taxation, and there observed a decline in the entrepreneurial activity. The insufficient work of local self-government bodies in attracting local taxation opportunities provided by the decentralization reform to strengthen the local budgets financial capacity has been substantiated in the study. It is proposed to strengthen the local self-government bodies’ role in the administration of local taxes and fees, in particular by giving them an opportunity to independently choose the objects of taxation on their territories.
DEVELOPMENT OF FINTECH ECOSYSTEM IN UKRAINE: COLLABORATION BETWEEN STAKEHOLDERS IN DIGITAL SOCIETY
Authors: Krupka Mykhaylo , Demchyshak Nazar , Shchurevych Oksana
Published: May 2023

The FinTech ecosystem in Ukraine is actively developing and directly influencing economic growth. The article provides the author's interpretation of the definition of the FinTech ecosystem as a system that is a synergy of various companies and organizations that collaborate to provide high-quality, fast, and secure financial services to ensure optimal financial decision-making and improve quality of life. The key segments comprising the FinTech ecosystem are examined, and the basic components of the modern FinTech ecosystem, including regulation and procedures, demand, talent, and capital, are analyzed. The article analyzes trends in the global FinTech market in 2022 based on these basic segments. Factors that have a significant impact on the development of the FinTech ecosystem in Ukraine are systematized. A periodization of the development of the FinTech ecosystem in Ukraine since 2008 is proposed, and the specific characteristics of these periods and the FinTech startups that were formed during this period are identified. The activity of the National Bank of Ukraine as a financial regulator stimulating the development of the FinTech ecosystem and the results following the publication of the FinTech Development Strategy until 2025 are analyzed. The regulatory environment for the functioning of the FinTech ecosystem in Ukraine is examined in detail. The impact of the talent development factor on the development of the FinTech ecosystem is identified as a key factor in ensuring cooperation between educational, scientific, and business institutions, considering global trends of globalization and digitalization. The purpose, tasks, and features of the activity of the Scientific Park of Ivan Franko National University in Lviv are examined. Recommendations are provided, the practical implementation of which will contribute to improving the effectiveness of the FinTech ecosystem in Ukraine in the conditions of a digital society.
VOLYN VOIVODESHIP IN THE SECOND POLISH REPUBLIC: FROM THE HISTORY OF TERRITORIAL CHANGES, 1921-1939
Authors: Marchuk Volodymyr
Published: May 2023

The article examines the administrative and territorial changes that took place in the Volyn voivodeship in the interwar period. Changes in the territorial division of voivodeships became the subject of numerous discussions, the participants of which emphasized that the division into voivodeships built in 1919–1921 was imperfect and did not meet the needs of state administration and economic challenges. Most projects were presented in the 1920s in connection with the activities of three governmental and parliamentary commissions that worked on the concept of territorial division. The voivodships of the Second Polish Republic were very diverse in terms of area, population, population density, and level of economic development. Volyn voivodeship was economically and financially weak and could not withstand investment challenges, especially in terms of infrastructure, like most voivodeships. Most of the proposed changes in the administrative-territorial structure of the Volyn voivodeship concerned either the northern territories bordering the Polish voivodeship, or the western territories adjacent to the Lublin Region, but most of these proposals were not implemented. The only significant change in the territorial structure of the interwar Volhynia voivodeship was the inclusion of the Sarny County. At the same time, throughout the interwar period, internal changes took place in the administrative and territorial structure of the voivodeship.
CULTURAL DIPLOMACY OF THE UKRAINIAN WORLD CONGRESS AS A FACTOR OF PROMOTING OF UKRAINE IN THE WORLD (2014–22)
Authors: Martyniuk Nazar
Published: May 2023

The article draws attention to the role of Ukrainians worldwide in the promotion of Ukraine in the world. The author characterizes the historiography and source base of the scientific problem. The issue of cultural diplomacy of the Ukrainian World Congress (UWC) is practically unexplored. Based on the analysis of various directions of work of the UWC, in particular its councils, examples of the work of Ukrainian organizations-members of the UWC network, the forms and ways of implementing cultural diplomacy as an international coordination superstructure of Ukrainians worldwide in 2014–22 are discussed. The events after the end of the Revolution of Dignity, the beginning of Russian aggression against Ukraine, and the full-scale Russian military invasion of Ukraine became turning points for the conduct of various activities of the UWC. The world community paid special attention to Ukraine, and culture began to be used more seriously as a tool for promoting Ukrainian interests in foreign countries. It was noted that the preservation of the Ukrainian national identity, the inclusion of the Ukrainian historical and cultural heritage in the world context, the popularization of the Ukrainian language are prominent areas of activity of the UWC, in which cultural diplomacy can be traced. Marking of commemorative dates of Ukrainian history and culture by the UWC, the implementation of large-scale projects, and the support of cultural initiatives are discussed. It was emphasised on the changes that affected the mechanisms of implementation of cultural diplomacy of the UWC: the transition of events to the virtual space during the COVID-19 pandemic, the organization of actions with a wide representation of Ukrainian symbols after the full-scale Russian military invasion of Ukraine. Conclusions have been made about the main forms of cultural diplomacy in the activities of the UWC, which are shown both at the level of work of its councils and at the level of work of organizations-members.
SURVIVAL STRATEGIES OF MIZOCH JEWS DURING THE HOLOCAUST
Authors: Mykhalchuk Roman
Published: May 2023

Based on the example of the town of Mizoch in Volhynia, the article attempts to analyze the survival strategies of Jews during the Holocaust, as well as the reasons that influenced the survival during the Nazi genocide. The number of the Jews who survived depended on their position during the Soviet regime, when some of them were deported and sent to the regions of the far North. Drafting to the ranks of the Soviet army and the evacuation of Jews to the East played a special role. Thus, these Jews left the later occupied territory beforehand. However, not all of them managed to survive in the end. Potential opportunities to save the lives of Jews were provided by escape and evacuation from the occupied territories. However, not everyone could use such a way of survival. Many Jews hesitated to leave the town. The unknown sequences of moving to the eastern territories of the USSR were frightening. Nevertheless, compared to the indicators of other Volhynian towns, quite a lot of Mizoch Jews, 15%, managed to survive due to the evacuation, After the mass killing, the willingness of local residents to take the risk of hiding Jews was of great importance for the number of the survivors. Often, people who tried to help the Jews gave them food and asked them to leave. However, despite the threat of execution, there were local residents who hid the victims of the Holocaust. At least five nationalities (Ukrainians, Czechs, Poles, Russians, and Germans) were recorded as rescuing the Jews of Mizoch during the Nazi occupation. The Slobodiuk family was among them – Sydir, his wife Yustyna and their daughter Maria, who are the only Mizoch family officially recognized as the Righteous Among the Nations. German engineer Hermann Graebe was also awarded the title of the Righteous Among the Nations for rescuing the victims of the Holocaust, including the Jews of Mizoch.
THE PROPAGANDA ACTIVITY OF MEMBERS OF THE UNDERGROUND INSURGENT MOVEMENT IN THE WESTERN REGIONS OF THE USSR AFTER THEIR RETURN FROM CAMPS AND SPECIAL SETTLEMENTS (SECOND HALF OF THE 1950S – 1970S)
Authors: Trofymovych Volodymyr , Trofymovych Liliia
Published: May 2023

After the return of the underground insurgent movement members from camps and special settlements to the western regions of the Ukrainian SSR, some of them began to resume illegal propaganda activities. This is hardly covered in Ukrainian historiography. Based on numerous factual material, obtained from the 2nd and 16th funds of the Sectoral State Archive of the Security Service of Ukraine and for the first time introduced into scientific circulation, the authors found out its forms and features: distribution among the population of the program documents of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists, production and distribution of leaflets, inscriptions, drawings of anti-Soviet content, hanging yellow-blue flags, holding conversations on forbidden topics in the working and youth environments. The article shows the influence of propaganda activities of OUN members on the emergence and development of the dissident movement. The material presented in the article also shows that a part of the Ukrainian intelligentsia with nationalist beliefs, which, fearing repressions, for a long time stood aside from the anti-Soviet struggle, began to speak out more courageously, trying to rehabilitate themselves in front of their comrades from the underground. In particular, its representatives in their conversations, speeches, publications criticized the national policy of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the course of Russification of Ukraine, the attack on the Ukrainian language, the thesis of the "great Russian people", etc. The position taken by them was, according to KGB officers, identical to the position of former members of the OUN underground. It is proved that the state security agencies of the Ukrainian SSR made great efforts, using a variety of techniques and methods, to neutralize the anti-Soviet underground and to discredit it in the eyes of the public.
BIOGRAPHY OF SEMEN ZHUK: PUBLIC HISTORY
Authors: Skakalska Iryna
Published: May 2023

The article analyzes the role of public discourse regarding the promotion of the name of Semen Zhuk. This will help to find out, firstly, how the use of Public History will contribute to the popularization of its activities. Secondly, what influence does public history have on society, using the example of spreading information about Semen Zhuk. In particular, through online communications, museum exhibitions, public lectures for a wide audience. Thirdly, S. Zhuk was destroyed by the Bolsheviks, like thousands of modern Ukrainians, and his name was forgotten for a long time. We should popularize our past with the tools of public history. The author set herself the goal of reconstructing the biography of Semen Zhuk by constructing the communication of the actor with modern society using the means of Public History. Research methods: generalizing, interactive, empirical, system-structural. As part of Public History, Semyon Zhuk's biography appears in a different format and is intended for public perception. Because academic texts published in scientific journals, conference proceedings, and monographs are read by professional historians or interested persons. Thus, understanding Semyon Zhuk's biography in the public space with the involvement of professional historians and representatives from outside academic history is an important step for popularizing his name. Historical science should focus more on the demands of society.
KEY DIRECTIONS OF SCIENTIFIC AND ORGANIZATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF THEODOR MACKIW
Authors: Yushchuk Tetiana
Published: May 2023

The article describes the critical directions of the scientific and organizational activity of Theodor Mackiw (1918–2011), a well–known Ukrainian historian who worked in the conditions of foreign (diasporic) Ukrainian historiography. A personal contribution to the organization and holding of scientific publications, congresses, conferences, and events devoted to the study of the history of Ukraine was determined. It was determined that one of the key areas of scientific and organizational activity of T. Maсkiw was his work as a member of the editorial board of «Ukrainian Historian» in the Ukrainian Historical Society, he was responsible for publications on the history of the Cossacks of the 17–18 centuries and Ukrainian–Polish relations. He was an active participant in most scientific events and their co–organizer, organized not only by the UHS independently, but also in cooperation with other Ukrainian diaspora societies and organizations. His active participation in various scientific activities and the establishment of interpersonal relationships between researchers positively impacted the results of the work of the UHS and other organizations of which he was a member. Despite the active organizational activity at the UHS, the historian supported the holding of joint congresses to establish connections between various scientific institutions. While teaching and working on scientific research, Professor T. Mackiw decently represented Ukrainian historical science abroad, paid a lot of attention to public and public–scientific work, and tried to spread knowledge of the history and culture of Ukraine not only at scientific forums, in particular, he organized an evening of Ukrainian music in Seton Hall University, published popular science articles in the press, hosted Ukrainian studies programs on the radio. The scientist helped Ukrainian dissidents. T. Mackiw participated in the most representative forum of the world–historical science–the International Congresses of Historical Sciences in the post–war period. Participation in four congresses is evidence of a high level of awareness and purposefulness. The historian communicated and expressed his thoughts on various historical topics, becoming a part of world historical science, and bringing Ukrainian historiography to the international level.
Comparative Study of Conducting and Antimicrobial Behaviour of Graphene and Silver based Nano-Materials
Authors: Praveen G. , Akshay B. , Joshi Veena , Bhardwaj S.K. , Agarwal S.
Published: May 2023

Instantaneous and rapid developments in nanotechnology stimulated innovative ideas across many fields of day-to-day life. Carbon-based nanomaterials have developed many platforms for an extensive range of applications due to their unique mechanical, electrical and biological properties. Nanoparticles of noble metals and their compounds are also playing an enormous role in many aspects of our life i.e. medical devices, pharmaceuticals, polymer industry, biomedical field, coating of kitchen appliances, food packing, clothes and gifts. Silver and carbon-based nanoparticles are being used diversely in food, fitness and health care, therapeutic, manufacturing and optical devices industries due to their distinctive chemical and physical characteristics. This study provides a short review of antibacterial and conducting activities of graphene and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) both. These are well known conducting nanomaterials applied in many areas and a wide literature is available on these characteristics. Thermal conducting behaviour of both materials also has a noteworthy standing. Thus, it becomes interesting to utilize these features to create new composite materials with improved electrical, thermal and antimicrobial properties; comparative study is also an interesting field to do innovations.
Impact of contrasted bioavailable silicon inputs in a hydroponic system on the development of maize plants (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Leroy Nicolas , Verheggen François J.
Published: May 2023

Description of the subject. Silicon is a beneficial chemical element, considered as “quasi-essential” for plant growth and production. Seven of the top ten most important crops in the world are silicon-accumulating Poaceae species, maize being one of them. However, the beneficial role of Si for plants is still under debate. Objectives. In this study, we evaluate the impact of three silicon concentrations in a nutrient solution on the development of maize plants. Method. We cultivated maize plants in a hydroponic system allowing to provide three contrasted silicon fertilization: (1) a silicon-deficient medium (0.05 mM); (2) a medium silicon supply, comparable to what can be found in an agricultural soil (0.6 mM); and (3) a highly enriched silicon medium (2.0 mM), named Si-, Si+ and Si++, respectively. Results. We found the silicon contents in aerial parts of plants to be strongly impacted by the concentration available in the growing medium: 0.247 g Si·kg-1 DW (Si-), 5.707 g Si·kg-1 DW (Si+) and 8.731 g Si·kg-1 DW (Si++). However, neither plant size nor phenology were impacted by silicon supplies. Both fresh leaf weight (+15.5%) and dry leaf weight (+13.5%) increased under Si++ (compared to Si-). Finally, neither root fresh weight nor root dry weight was impacted by Si fertilization. Conclusions. We conclude that increase in the concentration of Si in nutrient solution leads to increase in fresh and dry weight of the maize leaves.
Agrometeorological conditions in western Pará compared to agricultural production variables using principal component analysis
Authors: Nascimento Werlleson , Martorano Lucieta Guerreiro , Araújo Lúcio Borges de , Sousa João Thiago Rodrigues de , Dias Carlos Tadeu dos Santos
Published: May 2023

Description of the subject. Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, soybean cultivation areas have been expanding in the Legal Amazon. Among the factors that contribute to the process of expansion of cultivation of grains in the Amazon, favorable climate conditions are one of the most important, and these include high rainfall indices and good thermal regimes during the cultivation period. Objectives. In this context, the objective of this study was to describe responses of soybean production as a function of climate variables, considering data from an important grain production center in the Amazon. Method. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used including the following response variables: rainfall (R), air temperature (T), real evapotranspiration, water stress (WST) and surplus, soybean area harvested (HVA), quantity produced (PD), occurrence of El Niño and La Niña (LAN). Results. Production variables were negatively correlated with precipitation and water surplus. There was also a negative correlation between El Niño, temperature and water stress. The variables that had greater weight in component 1 were R, T and WST. Considering component 2, the variables that most contributed to the variation were HVA, PD and LAN. Conclusions. The strong or severe occurrence of La Niña influences the soybean production in the region of Belterra-PA, due to the high rainfall index causing excess water in the soil, leading the plants to stress. The moderate occurrence of La Niña positively influences soybean production in the region to maintain the water supply at adequate levels for the plants. These results show the importance of monitoring climate variables for agriculture in the region.
Self-Calibrated Ion-Selective Electrodes
Authors: Wang Xuewei , Wang Renjie , Adil Nafesa
Published: May 2023

Ion-selective electrode (ISE) potentiometry is reliable only if on-site calibration using a standard solution is performed before the ion measurement. The complex device and operation required for calibration hinder the implementation of ISEs in decen-tralized sensing. Reported herein is a new type of ISE that is calibrated by a built-in component of the sensor without requir-ing any fluid handling processes. The indicator and reference electrodes are connected by a thin ionic conductor such as an aqueous phase containing the measuring ions in a capillary tube. This connection establishes a baseline electromotive force (EMF) that incorporates phase boundary potentials across multiple interfaces of the electrochemical cell and serves as a one-point calibration. Unlike conventional ISEs relying on absolute EMF readings, the proposed sensor utilizes a sample-induced EMF change relative to the baseline for ion measurements. The variability in relative EMF is found to be < 2.0 mV for multiple full potentiometric sensors consisting of plasticizer-based K+ ISEs and hydrogel-based Ag/AgCl reference elec-trodes. This value is significantly smaller than the variability of absolute EMF readouts in similar sensors without the self-calibration design. Moreover, when the ion-conducting calibration bridge has a low concentration of primary ions, low ion mobility, and/or a small contact area with the indicator and reference phases, it does not compromise the Nernstian response slope toward the analyte ions in the sample and therefore does not need to be removed for sample testing. The accuracy of single-use self-calibrated K+ sensors in testing undiluted human blood samples is validated using a commercial blood gas analyzer as the reference method. This fluidics-free self-calibration strategy opens up new opportunities for ion sensing in disposable, wearable, and implantable devices.
Policy model for development of tourism villages based on local wisdom towards self-reliant village in Pangandaran Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Abdul Aziz Yaya Mulyana , Huraerah Abu , Budiana M. , Vaughan Regan
Published: May 2023

The purposes of study are (1) analyze strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of tourism village destination in Regency Pangandaran and (2) to formulate policy model for development of tourism villages based on local wisdom towards self-reliant village in Pangandaran Regency. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research method with approach studies case. Primary data collection techniques in the form of interviews, focus group discussion, observation and document study.  Results of analysis of SWOT (strength, weakness, opportunity, threat) of tourism village destination in Pangandaran Regency, especially (a) Strength: (1) airport Nusawiru as access for tourist international and inter bus city or between province that has destination to Regency Pangandaran; (2) culture famous Sundanese friendly. (b) Weakness: (1) standardization policy opening and development destination tour new to district Pangandaran not yet available; (2) access good way not yet evenly on each destination existing tours; (3) readiness resource man for accept tourists and awareness will industry tourist not yet maximum. (c) Opportunity: (1) have many potency destination unexplored tourism; (2) existence track train fire and airport Nusawiru as well as Harbor Bojong Salawe; (3) training about tourism through extracurricular for learner and language foreign for society. (d) Threat: (1) stability nature and impact environment in implementation exploitation destination travel; (2) degradation score culture and potential leave inheritance existing culture. Policy model for development of tourism villages based on local wisdom towards independent villages include tradition, community empowerment and participation society.
The implementation of Sewakadharma work culture to improve public service quality in Denpasar City, Indonesia
Authors: Widanti Ni Putu Tirka
Published: May 2023

Public service is defined as an activity that serves the necessity of an individual, people, or organization group that has an interest in the organization based on the main requirements and procedures which are determined and intended to fulfill the satisfaction of service recipients. Employee performance management (PM) is frequently marketed as an innovation to improve public sector performance, but it is internationally challenging to execute. The success of service provider organisations (providers) is strongly dependent on the pleasure of the people who receive these services. The Denpasar City government endeavoured to address this issue by introducing the sewakadarma work ethos in the execution of public services. The Sewaka Dharma is a Hindu ideology that prioritises the alignment of one's thoughts, speech, and actions towards the service of promoting harmony among human, natural, and divine values. The objective of this research is to investigate the impact of the sewakadarma work culture on enhancing the standard of public services in Denpasar City. The present study employs descriptive qualitative research methodologies. The results showed that the sewakadarma work culture has been implemented well through the formation of the sewakadarma cadre, the success of the sewakadarma work culture is evidenced by the awards obtained by the Denpasar city government in providing public services.
An adaptive integration scheme using a mixed quadrature of three different quadrature rules
Authors: Debasish Das  , Pritikanta Patra  , Rajani Ballav Dash
Published: May 2023

In the present work,a mixed quadrature rule of precision seven is constructed blending Gauss-Legendre 2-point rule, Fejer’s first and second 3-point rules each having precision three.The error analysis of the mixed rule is incorporated.An algorithm is designed for adaptive integration scheme using the mixed quadrature rule.Through some numerical examples,the effectiveness of adopting mixed quadrature rule in place of their constituent rules in the adaptive integration scheme is discussed.
Line gracefulness in the context of switching of a vertex
Authors: S. K. Vaidya  , N. J. Kothari
Published: May 2023

We investigate line graceful labeling of graphs obtained by switching of vertex operation.
Solution and stability of system of quartic functional equations
Authors: K. Balamurugan  , M. Arunkumar  , P. Ravindiran
Published: May 2023

In this paper, the authors introduced and investigated the general solution of system of quartic functional equations$$\begin{aligned}& f(x+y+z)+f(x+y-z)+f(x-y+z)+f(x-y-z) \\& =2[f(x+y)+f(x-y)+f(x+z)+f(x-z)+f(y+z)+f(y-z)] \\& -4[f(x)+f(y)+f(z)] \\& f(3 x+2 y+z)+f(3 x+2 y-z)+f(3 x-2 y+z)+f(3 x-2 y-z) \\& =72[f(x+y)+f(x-y)]+18[f(x+z)+f(x-z)]+8[f(y+z)+f(y-z)] \\& +144 f(x)-96 f(y)-48 f(z) \\& f(x+2 y+3 z)+f(x+2 y-3 z)+f(x-2 y+3 z)+f(x-2 y-3 z) \\& =8[f(x+y)+f(x-y)]+18[f(x+z)+f(x-z)]+72[f(y+z)+f(y-z)] \\& -48 f(x)-96 f(y)+144 f(z) \text {. } \\&\end{aligned}$$Its generalized Hyers-Ulam stability using Hyers direct method and fixed point method are discussed. Counter examples for non stable cases are also given.
A curious summation formula in the light of Gamma function and contiguous relation
Authors: Salahuddin  , Vinesh Kumar
Published: May 2023

The main aim of the present paper is to establish a curious summation formula involving recurrence relation of Gamma function.
DIAGNÓSTICO DE HEMOGLOBINOPATIA RARA SC APÓS ANTIBIÓTICOTERAPIA EM AMBIENTE HOSPITALAR: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Ferraz Silvia Leticia do Nascimento e Silva , Ferreira Maria Clara Machado de Carvalho , Vieira José Felipe Pinheiro do Nascimento , Paz Ilara Ferreira Ribeiro , Silva Janyerson Dannys Pereira da , FERREIRA DE ARAÚJO ÉVERTON JOSÉ
Published: May 2023

SC Hemoglobinopathy is the result of heterozygous inheritance of the HbS and HbC alleles and can be the cause of anemic episodes. Under certain circumstances, the use of drugs may induce anemia as in membranopathies, erythroenzymopathies or in hemoglobinopathies. The present study reports the case of a 52 year old patient with infection at a surgical site after cervical arthrodesis following a C6 cervical spine fracture. The patient developed severe anemia (hemoglobin 5.8 g/dL) after administration of vancomycin and cefepime. After high performance liquid chromatography, it was elucidated that the patient was a carrier of hemoglobin SC. The use of antimicrobials showed a correlation with anemia, indicating the relevance of the rational use of drugs and the appropriate correlation between clinical and test results, especially in hospital settings.
Offering an Alternative to Persons with Chronic Pain: How Access to Cannabis May Provide an Off-Ramp from Undesired Prescription Opioid Use
Authors: Bobitt Julie , Kang Hyojung , Arora Kanika , Bhagianadh Divya , Milavetz Gary , Kaskie Brian
Published: May 2023

Background. Chronic pain (CP) is experienced by as many as 50 million Americans and can negatively impact physical and mental health. Prescribing opioids is the most common approach to address moderate to severe CP though these potent analgesics are associated with a significant number of side effects. One alternative some Americans are turning to for CP management is cannabis. In addition to serving as an alternative, many individuals with CP use cannabis in addition to using prescription opioids. This study examined individuals with CP who enrolled in the state of Illinois’ opioid diversion program, the Opioid Alternative Pilot Program (OAPP), which offers individuals aged 21 and older a separate pathway to access medical cannabis if they have or could receive a prescription for opioids as certified by a licensed physician. Methods. Cross-sectional survey data were collected from 450 participants. We described participants and compared those who use only cannabis with those who use cannabis and opioids. Results. While 16% of the respondents were cannabis-only users, 84% of the respondents were co-users of opioids and cannabis. Both groups considered opioid use risky (100% cannabis-only, 89% co-users,). The majority (73%) of respondents sought to completely stop or never start using opioids for CP. Cannabis-only users reported lower levels of pain compared to co-users. Co-users (85%) were more likely to have their routine provider as a cannabis certifying physician than cannabis-only users (69%). Conclusion. With increasing clinical evidence, legalization and acceptance, researchers should continue to examine how cannabis may be a viable alternative to reduce the risk of prescription opioid side effects, misuse, or dependence. Our findings also inform health care providers and state policymakers who increasingly are being asked to consider how cannabis may reduce the potential for harmful outcomes among persons with CP who use prescription opioids.
Accuracy differences in cannabis retailer information ascertained from webservices and government-maintained state registries across US states legalizing the sale of cannabis in 2019
Authors: Williams Michael , Mahlan Matthew , Holmes Connor , Pankowska Magdalena , Kaur Manjot , Ilegbusi Aderonke , Haley Danielle
Published: May 2023

Cannabis retailer locations used to investigate geographic cannabis access are frequently ascertained from two sources: 1) webservices which provide locations of cannabis retailers (e.g., Yelp) or 2) government-maintained registries. Characterizing the operating status and location information accuracy of cannabis retailer data sources on a state-by-state level can inform research examining the health implications of cannabis legalization policies. This study ascertained cannabis retailer name and location from webservices and government-maintained registries for 26 states and the District of Columbia legalizing cannabis sales in 2019. Validation subsamples were created using state-level sequential sampling. Phone surveys were conducted by trained researchers for webservice samples (n=790, November 2019 - May 2020) and government-maintained registry (n=859, February - June 2020) to ascertain information about operating status and location. Accuracy was calculated as the percent agreement among subsample and phone survey data. For operating status and location, webservice derived data was 78% (614/790) and 79% (484/611) accurate, whereas government-maintained registry derived data was 76% (657/859) and 95% (622/655) accurate, respectively. Fifty-nine percent (15/27) of states and the District of Columbia had over 80% accuracy for operating status and 48% (13/27) states had over 80% accuracy for location information with both data sources. However, government-maintained registry derived information was more accurate in 33% (9/27) states for operating status and 41% (11/27) states for location information. Both data sources had similar operating status accuracy. Research using spatial analysis may prefer government-maintained registry derived data due to high location information accuracy, whereas studies looking at broad trends across states may prefer webservice derived. State level COVID-19 restrictions had minimal impact on ascertainment of cannabis retailer operating status and location information via phone survey derived from webservices and government-maintained registries.
Perceived Effectiveness of Medical Cannabis Among Adults with Chronic Pain: Findings from Interview Data in a Three-Month Pilot Study
Authors: McMahon Alexandra , Varma Deepthi , Fechtel Hannah , Sibille Kimberly , Li Zhigang , Cook Robert , Wang Yan
Published: May 2023

Objectives: Patient-reported outcomes are critical to evaluate the effectiveness of medical cannabis as an alternative treatment for chronic pain. This study examined the perceived effectiveness of medical cannabis for chronic pain management among middle-aged and older adults newly initiating medical cannabis. Methods: Interview data from participants in a three-month pilot study were analyzed to assess the perceived effectiveness of medical cannabis on chronic pain and related outcomes. The interview was conducted after approximately one month of usage and responses were analyzed using the RADaR (Rigorous and Accelerated Data Reduction) technique. Results: 51 adults initiating medical cannabis for chronic pain were interviewed (24 women, 27 men, mean age 54.4, SD = 12.0), with the majority (n=41) identifying as Non-Hispanic White followed by Non-Hispanic Black (n=7), Multi-racial (2), Hispanic White (1). Most study participants (62.7%) reported MC being overall effective. Common benefits included reduced pain intensity, anxiety, and dependency on pain and psychiatric medications. Improvements in physical functioning, sleep quality, and mood were reported. Common challenges included difficulty finding a suitable product or dose, experiencing side effects such as ‘undesired high’, ‘stomach issues’, and a limited ‘threshold of pain’ treatable by the product. Discussion: Findings suggest most participants perceived medical cannabis to be overall effective for chronic pain management. Participants reported improved physical and mental functioning and reduced use of pain and psychiatric medications. Future research systematically assessing side effects, dosage and mode of consumption is needed to further evaluate the outcomes among adults initiating medical cannabis.
Relations Among Adolescent Alcohol and Cannabis Co-Use, Adolescent Impulsive Traits, and Prospective Change in Impulsive Traits into Emerging Adulthood
Authors: Waddell Jack , Howe Lindy
Published: May 2023

Models of personality suggest that adolescent substance use may be associated with adolescent impulsive traits as well as changes in impulsive traits from adolescence into emerging adulthood. However, little research has focused on how adolescent alcohol and cannabis co-use, an increasingly popular and risky substance use pattern, may relate to adolescent impulsive traits as well as changes in impulsive traits from adolescence to emerging adulthood. Therefore, the current study tested patterns of adolescent co-use and their links with adolescent impulsive traits and changes in impulsive traits into emerging adulthood. Data come from the Add Health study and encompassed two timepoints spanning adolescence (age 13-18) and emerging adulthood (age 19-25). A combination of latent profile analysis, mean comparisons, and latent difference scores were estimated. Results suggested that four profiles of co-users and alcohol-only users emerged, and profiles differed in levels of adolescent personality and prospective personality change. Importantly, frequent adolescent co-users had higher levels of adolescent sensation seeking and impulsivity, but also reported the steepest decline in both traits into emerging adulthood. Findings are discussed in terms of personality theory and public health implications.
Daily Relations Among Alcohol and Cannabis Co-Use, Simultaneous Use, and Negative Consequences: A Day-Level Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: Waddell Jack , McDonald Abigail , Shah Rishika , Corbin William R.
Published: May 2023

Objective: Concurrent and simultaneous cannabis and alcohol co-use confers risk for daily negative alcohol consequences. However, studies often treat co-use as a dichotomy, precluding examination of higher- and lower-risk co-use days. Additionally, little is known about specific alcohol consequences associated with daily co-use. Therefore, the current study 1) differentiated days based upon alcohol consumption, co-use, and simultaneous use, and 2) tested whether certain day-level use patterns conferred risk for daily alcohol consequences. Methods: College student co-users (N=489) completed an online Timeline Followback, reporting daily alcohol consumption, negative alcohol consequences, concurrent cannabis and alcohol co-use, and simultaneous co-use (SAM) on drinking days over the past month. Day-Level Latent Profile Analysis differentiated days based upon drinking quantity, co-use, and simultaneous use, and tested whether patterns of use conferred risk for overall and specific negative alcohol consequences. Results: Four day-level profiles emerged, including moderate consumption of alcohol-only days (57.5%), moderate consumption SAM use days (29.1%), higher consumption alcohol-only days (7.4%), and higher consumption SAM use days (6%). Higher consumption SAM use days were associated with more negative alcohol consequences than all other days; however, higher consumption SAM use days differed from higher consumption alcohol-only days in acute dependence symptoms. Higher consumption alcohol-only days were associated with more negative alcohol consequences than moderate consumption SAM days, particularly those that were action-oriented (i.e., dependence symptoms, blackout drinking, impaired control, risky behavior, social/interpersonal consequences). Conclusions: Findings suggest that there are in fact lower-risk co-use days, and that links with unique negative alcohol consequences depend on levels of alcohol consumption and co-use.
Dampak Penerapan Program Adiwiyata Terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan Siswa Dalam Pengetahuan Lingkungan Hidup
Authors: Pali Oktofin , A. Rauf Bakhrani , Amir Faizal
Published: May 2023

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan siswa dalam pengelolaan lingkungan hidup pada Sekolah Dasar (SD) di Kota Makassar sudah adiwiyata dan non adiwiyata, serta dampak penerapan program adiwiyata terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan siswa dalam pengelolaan lingkungan hidup pada pada Sekolah Dasar (SD) di Kota Makassar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survey. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas 5 dan kelas 6 pada SDN Monginsidi III dan SDN KIP Bara-Baraya I. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 160 siswa dengan penentuan anggota sampel pada setiap sekolah dilakukan dengan metode simple random sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial menggunakan uji paired sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan siswa yang bersekolah pada Sekolah Dasar (SD) di Kota Makassar yang non Adiwiyata memiliki tingkat pengetahuan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup berada pada kategori sedang, sedangkan yang sudah adiwiyata berada pada kategori tinggi. Penerapan Program Adiwiyata memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan siswa dalam pengelolaan lingkungan hidup. Hal ini terlihat dari adanya perbedaaan antara siswa pada sekolah yang telah Adiwiyata dengan siswa pada sekolah yang belum Adiwiyata.
Penelitian Eksperimen Untuk Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Lingkungan, Komitmen Lingkungan, dan Locus Of Control Masyarakat Petani Sawit Di Kabupaten Mamuju Tengah
Authors: Kalengkongan Merlien Jolanda , Ardi Muhammad , Mithen Mithen
Published: May 2023

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan lingkungan, komitmen lingkungan, dan locus of control petani sawit di Kabupaten Mamuju Tengah, sebelum dan sesudah eksperimen serta untuk mengetahui pengaruh eksperimen terhadap peningkatan Pengetahuan Lingkungan, Komitmen Lingkungan dan Locus of control petani sawit di Kabupaten Mamuju Tengah. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan eksperimen. Populasi penelitian adalah 125 Kepala Rumah Tangga petani sawit di Desa Tobadak 1, Kecamatan Tobadak, Kabupaten Mamuju Tengah Provinsi Sulawesi Barat. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 25 kepala keluarga dengan penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif kuantitatif dan statistik dinferensial menggunakan uji paired sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Gambaran pengetahuan lingkungan, komitmen lingkungan dan locus of control petani sawit di Desa Tobadak I sebelum diberi eksperimen berada pada kategori rendah sedangkan sesudah diberi eksperimen pengetahuan lingkungan berada pada kategori sedang, komitmen lingkungan dan locus of control berada pada kategori tinggi. Serta perlakuan eksperimen telah memberikan pengaruh terhadap meningkatnya pengetahuan lingkungan, komitmen lingkungan dan locus of control pada petani sawit di Desa Tobadak I.
Pengaruh Terapi Komunitas Terhadap Perubahan Perilaku Penyalahguna Narkoba di Layanan Rehabilitasi Yayasan Mitra Husada Kota Makassar
Authors: Azwar Muhammad , Widiastuty Lilis
Published: May 2023

Artikel ini menguraiakan tentang pengaruh terapi komunitas terhadap perubahan perilaku penyalahgunaan narkoba. Pengguna Narkoba di Kota Makassar semakin mengkawatirkan, sebab Narkoba tidak hanya dikonsumsi oleh orang yang kaya akan tetapi sudah mengenai orang kalangan bawah termasuk para generasi muda. Berdasarkan hasil kajian teori dan berbagai peneltian tentang metode terapi komunitas yang digunakan pada layanan rehabilitasi untuk membantu para korban penyalahgunaan narkoba cukup efektif. Beberapa faktor yang membuat perilaku korban penyalahguna narkoba menjadi lebih baik setelah mereka menjalani masa rehabilitasi berbasis komunitas. Model terapi berbasis komunitas yang diterapkan pada layanan rehabilitasi berbasis komunitas yaitu dengan model intervensi perilaku: konseling individu/adiksi, konseling kelompok, konseling keluarga, intervensi sikap: Moorning meeting/house meeteng (social capital), Reguler meeting (motivasi), layanan spritual, intervensi tindakan : olahraga & rekreasional, family meeting, intervensi lingkungan : reintegrasi keluarga & lingkungan, rekonstruksi sosial. Penggunaan matode terapi komunitas akan maksimal apabila didukung oleh perilaku pengguna yang sadar bahwa apa yang telah perbuat adalah sesuatu yang keliru, tidak ada stigma yang melekat pada korban baik itu di lingkungan keluarga maupaun masyarakat serta peran pemerintah dan stake holder sangat diharapakan untuk mendukung program rehabilitasi berbasis masyarakat.
Analisis Perilaku Masyarakat Memelihara Mangrove Dan Beberapa Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Di Lantebung Kota Makassar
Authors: Noprianti M Noprianti M , Rauf Bakhrani A. , Kaseng Ernawati S.
Published: May 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: (a) Perilaku masyarakat memelihara mangrove, (b) pengetahuan lingkungan hidup, motivasi memelihara dan sikap terhadap mangrove (c) pengaruh secara sendiri-sendiri dan secara bersama-sama pengetahuan lingkungan hidup, motivasi memelihara mangrove dan sikap terhadap terhadap perilaku masyarakat memelihara mangrove di Lantebung Kelurahan Bira Kecamatan Tamalanrea Kota Makassar. Lokasi penelitian adalah Kelurahan Bira Kec. Tamalanrea Kota Makassar. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian Kuantitatif. Pendekatan penelitian adalah korelasional. Sampel sebesar 86 kepala keluarga dipilih dengan menggunakan sistematik random sampling dengan pendekatan Krejcie. Variable yang diperhatikan adalah: (a) perilaku memelihara hutan mangrove (b), pengetahuan lingkungan (c), motivasi memelihara mangrove (d), sikap terhadap mangrove. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara: a, memberikan test pengetahuan kepada sampel, b. memeberikan kuisioner motivasi, sikap dan perilaku terhadap sampel. Analisis yang di gunakan adalah analisis statistik deskriftif dan analisis statistik inferensial. Model analisis inferensial adalah regeresi sederhana dan regresi ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa:(a) pengetahuan lingkungan, motivasi, sikap, dan perilaku masyarakat memelihara mangrove tergolong sedang, (b) pengetahuan lingkungan, motivasi, dan sikap berpengaruh secara signifikan baik secara bersama-sama dan memberikan kontribusi terhadap perilaku masyarakat memelihara mangrove di Kelurahan Bira Kec. Tamalanrea Kota Makassar.