bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacts of visitors on female pheasants in pheasantry, Haripur, Pakistan
Authors: Bibi Nehafta , Li Binqiang , Zaffar Habiba , Salahuddin Muqaddas , Gul Romana , Saqib Zafeer , Khan Rehana , Mazhar Fiza , Shehzadi Aymen , Fiaz Laraib , Naseer Muneeba , Luo Xu
Published: September 2024

Background

The interaction between visitors and captive birds is complex, with a potential impact on bird’s behavior and welfare. Understanding this interaction is essential for effective conservation and management.

Methods

We conducted a study at the University of Haripur’s pheasantry in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan to investigate the effects of visitor numbers, duration of visitor presence, and climatic factors on the behavior of female pheasants. We observed the state and events of feeding, hiding, and moving behaviors of 16 randomly selected individuals from five species.

Results

The mixed-effects modeling results show that visitors (VT), visitors’ presence duration (VPD), and temperature (TP), significantly influence feeding events (p < 0.001), feeding duration (p < 0.001), hiding events (p < 0.001) and hiding duration of female pheasants (p < 0.001). The moving events of pheasants were also significantly affected by both VT and VPD (VT: p = 0.002, VPD: p < 0.001). Moreover, under high visitor conditions, the impact of VPD on the behavior of female pheasants was more pronounced (p < 0.001). Additionally, our result reveals that different species of pheasants exhibit varying sensitivities to human factors and climatic factors. For instance, the two species of female pheasants with the highest feeding and hiding events were the Green pheasant (Phasianus versicolor) and the Ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus). While hiding duration of female Green pheasants, female Golden pheasants (Chrysolophus pictus), and female Silver pheasants (Lophura nycthemera) was longer than those of others. The mean number of moving events was highest in females of Ring-necked, followed by Golden pheasants. The female Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus) and female Silver pheasants were the birds with the longest moving duration.

Conclusion

Our findings highlight the necessity for customized management strategies, to lessen the effects of human disturbances in pheasantries. For a thorough understanding of these interactions, more studies involving larger sample sizes and a wider variety of species are advised.
Evaluation of droplet deposition parameters based on the Genetic-Otsu algorithm
Authors: Meng Yanhua , Liu Xinchao , Chen Wei , Du Xintao , Zhang Yifan , Sun Rui , Han Yuxing
Published: September 2024

Pesticide spraying is a cost-effective way to control crop pests and diseases. The effectiveness of this method relies on the deposition and distribution of the spray droplets within the targeted application area. There is a critical need for an accurate and stable detection algorithm to evaluate the liquid droplet deposition parameters on the water-sensitive paper (WSP) and reduce the impact of image noise. This study acquired 90 WSP samples with diverse coverage through field spraying experiments. The droplets on the WSP were subsequently isolated, and the coverage and density were computed, employing the fixed threshold method, the Otsu threshold method, and our Genetic-Otsu threshold method. Based on the benchmark of manually measured data, an error analysis was conducted on the accuracy of three methods, and a comprehensive evaluation was carried out. The relative error results indicate that the Genetic-Otsu method proposed in this research demonstrates superior performance in detecting droplet coverage and density. The relative errors of droplet density in the sparse, medium, and dense droplet groups are 2.7%, 1.5%, and 2.0%, respectively. The relative errors of droplet coverage are 1.5%, 0.88%, and 1.2%, respectively. These results demonstrate that the Genetic-Otsu algorithm outperforms the other two algorithms. The proposed algorithm effectively identifies small-sized droplets and accurately distinguishes the multiple independent contours of adjacent droplets even in dense droplet groups, demonstrating excellent performance. Overall, the Genetic-Otsu algorithm offered a reliable solution for detecting droplet deposition parameters on WSP, providing an efficient tool for evaluating droplet deposition parameters in UAV pesticide spraying applications.
Análise dos instrumentos de avaliação de assédio sexual no trabalho em perícias psicológicas
Authors: Alcari Fernanda Luiza Keller , Guilland Romilda , Labiak Fernanda Pereira
Published: September 2024

Na Justiça do Trabalho brasileira tem aumentado a demanda por perícias psicológicas, devido ao aumento de casos de adoecimento mental como consequência de assédio sexual. Para tanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os instrumentos de avaliação de assédio sexual no trabalho. Utilizou-se como método a revisão de literatura sistemática (junho a julho de 2024), e as bases de dados foram: Google Acadêmico e Academia.edu. Os descritores em português e inglês foram: (elaboração OR validação AND instrumento) AND “assédio sexual” AND trabalho e (preparation OR validation AND instrument) AND “sexual harassment” AND work. Foram encontrados 10 documentos em Google Acadêmico e 776 em Academia.edu. A partir dos resultados foram selecionados três documentos que atenderam ao objetivo deste estudo. Dois foram desenvolvidos em países estrangeiros (SEQ-Dod e LUSHI) e um no Brasil (Avaliação da Violência no Trabalho). A análise dos instrumentos revelou que eles necessitam ser melhor investigados quanto a descrição de resultados, instrução, padronização, validade e precisão. Nesse sentido, faz-se necessário realizar análises estatísticas robustas para propiciar segurança de que os instrumentos apresentem as propriedades psicométricas necessárias para o uso na população-alvo. Observou-se que há carência de estudos brasileiros sobre instrumentos que possibilitem avaliar o assédio sexual no âmbito do trabalho, bem como suas consequências para a saúde mental das vítimas.
Propriedade intelectual e inovação: uma abordagem lúdica e interativa por meio de um jogo educativo de tabuleiro
Authors: Mateus Leandro Sampaio , Chagas Maria Liduína das , Cardoso Solange de Lima , Reis Andrew Nunes de Barros , Luna José Leão de , Corrêa Neto Silvério Sirotehau , Gonçalves Cledson Santana Lopes , Moura Thiago Rafael da Silva
Published: September 2024

O ensino de Propriedade Intelectual e Inovação (PI & I) está se tornando cada vez mais essencial devido às rápidas transformações nos diversos setores da sociedade. Pesquisas recentes indicam que o tema PI & I necessita de ferramentas didáticas mais dinâmicas, especialmente no contexto do ensino técnico de nível médio. Este estudo visa desenvolver um jogo educativo em formato de tabuleiro que aborde os conceitos básicos de Propriedade Intelectual e Inovação, bem como avaliar sua eficácia no contexto do ensino técnico integrado ao ensino médio no Instituto Federal do Pará, Campus Marabá Industrial. A abordagem metodológica adotada é um estudo de caso exploratório, empregando métodos quantitativos e qualitativos. Além da análise bibliográfica e documental, serão aplicados questionários semiestruturados em diferentes momentos e realizada a observação direta durante a aplicação do jogo.
Development of a Blended Physiotherapeutic Module for Young Adults with Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Salian Jahnavi K , Alagingi Nityal Kumar
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain (NSCLBP) is a prevalent non-communicable disease in India, burdening individuals psychologically and socially. Due to economic constraints, people prefer self-management rather than seeking professional advice. Therefore, their go-to search strategy for self-management is social media platforms. Many researchers have identified a lack of evidence in these social media videos. Aim: To develop and evaluate the feasibility of a blended physiotherapeutic module for young adults with NSCLBP. Materials and Methods: This feasibility study was conducted at Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy, NITTE (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India from July 2023 to December 2023. This study involved three phases: identifying modifiable risk factors for exercise adherence in individuals with NSCLBP, developing a module, and evaluating its feasibility. Twenty-four young individuals with low back pain were given the blended physiotherapeutic module for four weeks, consisting of three sessions per week. The first two sessions were conducted online, and the following session was face-to-face. The data were analysed using SPSS software (SPSS Inc.; Chicago, IL) version 29.0.10. The collected data were summarised using Descriptive Statistics: frequency, percentage; mean, and Standard Deviation (SD). To compare the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale (QBPDS) and Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) scores, repeated measures ANOVA was employed. The Bonferroni test was utilised for pairwise comparisons of QBPDS and NPRS scores. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: In this study, the average percentage of individuals who performed exercises for four weeks was 22 (91.7%), indicating high adherence. There was a significant difference (p-value < 0.05) in the QBPDS as well as the NPRS from baseline to weeks -2, 3, and 4. Conclusion: The developed blended physiotherapeutic module for NSCLBP individuals was found to be feasible. Positive results were identified in reducing pain and disability after two weeks. This study aids individuals struggling with physiotherapy exercises in a digitalised society, suggesting that future research could incorporate real-time movement analysis and regional language databases and software that should be validated.
Impact of Credit Risk Management on the Performance of Nigerian Deposit Money Banks: An Analysis from 2010 to 2020
Authors: Ogunwale Olurotimi , Areghan Isibor
Published: September 2024

This study examined the impact of credit risk management on the financial performance of Nigerian deposit money banks over a 10-year period from 2010 to 2020. Understanding the relationship between credit risk management and bank performance is crucial for the stability and growth of the Nigerian banking sector. The Five deposit money banks used were First Bank Plc, Zenith Bank Plc, Access Bank Plc, Guarantee Trust Bank Plc, with United Bank of Africa (UBA) Plc. Equity returns measured bank performance while credit risk was explained using non-performing credits, capital adequacy ratio, plus provision for credit loss. Fixed plus Random panel regression was used to analyze the panel data and the Hausman test selected the fixed regression for discussion. The findings revealed that capital adequacy ratio and loan loss provision had a significant positive impact on bank performance, while non-performing loans had a significant negative effect. The study recommends that banks should strengthen their credit risk management practices, including effective credit assessment, monitoring, and diversification, to enhance their financial performance and stability.
Export Dynamics and Performance of Tree Seeds in Tanzania: An Analytical Study of Tanzania Forest Services Agency
Authors: Mmbaga Lina N. A. , Naho Alexis
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study investigates the determinants of export performance for tree seeds by the Tanzania Forest Services (TFS) through an analytical framework grounded in the Resource-Based View (RBV) theory. It aims to identify and analyze the influence of Foreign Market Characteristics (FMC), Export Competence (EC), and Business Environment (BE) on the export performance of tree seeds in Tanzania.
Design/Methodology: The study adopted a longitudinal research design to analyze the export dynamics and performance of tree seeds in Tanzania over 14 years, from 2003 to 2016. Data was collected from TFS over 14 years, covering export volumes and values. The analysis examines the effects of FMC, EC, and BE on tree seed export performance.
Findings: The findings indicate that FMC, EC, and BE significantly affect export performance. Foreign market characteristics enhance export performance by improving market demand and accessibility. Export competence contributes to success through superior production quality and logistics. A supportive business environment facilitates exports by reducing trade barriers and improving infrastructure. Thus, these insights suggest the need to foster internal competencies, improve export strategies, and enhance regulatory and economic frameworks to boost the export potential of tree seeds from Tanzania.
Originality/Value: This study offers new insights into how internal capabilities and external market conditions jointly influence the export performance of tree seeds. It bridges theoretical frameworks with practical implications for TFS. The study provides actionable recommendations for policymakers to improve export strategies, optimize market access, and strengthen business conditions, thereby advancing Tanzania’s position in the global tree seed market.
Recruitment Index as a Novel Approach to Assessing the Resilience of Natural Mangrove Ecosystems: A Case Study on the Coast of West Muna Regency
Authors: Rahman  , Lokollo Frijona F. , Supesepa Junita , Natan Juliana , Mamesah Julieta A. B. , Wawo Mintje , Latumahina Fransina
Published: September 2024

This study aims to determine the resilience of mangrove ecosystems with a recruitment index approach on the coast of West Muna Regency. The recruitment index in mangrove ecosystems reflects the comparison between the number of newly established mangrove seedlings and saplings and the number of mature mangroves. The research method used quadrant transects (10  x 10 m2). Analysis of the resilience index is based on the recruitment index (RI) with the equation RI = Ln ((0.7 x DSd/DT.)+ (DSp/DT)). The results showed that the mangrove ecosystem in all stations had a high resilience with an RI value of 1.43 for station I, 1.38 for station II, 1.07 for station III, and 1.05 for station IV. Meanwhile, mangrove species with very high resilience categories are B. gymnorrhiza (RI = 1.70) and B. cylindrica (RI = 1.63). In comparison, the resilience of S. alba (RI = 0.90) and R. stylosa (RI = 1.22) is classified as medium and high resilience, respectively. Based on the RI value, the mangrove ecosystem on the coast of West Muna Regency is in the high resilience category (RI = 1.25 ± 0.20). It indicates that the mangrove ecosystem on the coast of West Muna Regency has good regeneration and growth abilities, so it can recover even when under ecological pressure.
Bacteriological Quality Determination of Borehole Water Supply in Hostels of Rivers State University Main Campus, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Ekiamene T. A. , Sampson T. , Baranu B. S. , Ikpokpo E.
Published: September 2024

Water serves as a vehicle for the transmission of various diseases to man and animals, and have been associated with both acute and chronic health syndromes. This study was carried out to determine the bacteriological quality of borehole water supply in the Hostels of Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.  Borehole water samples were collected from six (6) hostels for each study period, and subjected to standard bacteriological Procedures. Results obtained indicated that the highest mean total heterotrophic bacterial count of 3.6±1.7 X 105cfu/ml was recorded in the Hostel C water sample, while the least mean bacterial count of 5.5±0.35 X 104cfu/ml was observed in FCMB Hostel. The total coliform count had the highest value (3.3±3.82 X 104cfu/ml) recorded in Hostel D and the lowest value of 2.0±0.14 X 103cfu/ml was obtained in the Hostel H water sample. The faecal coliform count recorded the highest value in FCMB Hostel (1.5±0.71X 103 cfu/ml) and lowest in Hostel H (8.5±4.95 X 103 cfu/ml). The staphylococcal count was highest in Hostel B (8±9.9 X 104 cfu/ml) and lowest in Hostel C (0.6±0.57 X 104cfu/ml). Six bacterial species were identified, which included Bacillus spp (100%), Staphylococcus spp (100%), Pseudomonas spp (83.3%), Klebsiella spp. (66.6%), Salmonella spp (16.6%) and Escherichia coli (16.6%). Data obtained showed that all the isolates were biofilm producers, albeit at varying percentages, as 52.9%, 55.5%, 60%, 30%, 33.3%, and 100% of Bacillus spp, Staphylococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Klebsiella spp., Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli, respectively were positive for biofilm formation. The hemolysis result indicated that 28.3%, 10%, and 61.7% of the isolates were alpha, beta and gamma hemolytic, respectively. The study indicated the presence of bacteria of public health importance, thereby, making the need for regular monitoring and treatment of these water sources very necessary to check bacterial proliferation and ensure continuous access to safe water in the hostels.
Forensic Evidence Collection in IoT Environments: A Systematic Review of Current Techniques, Gaps and Strategic Recommendations for Data Integrity
Authors: Justice John , Alade Oluwaseun Modupe , Amusan Elizabeth Adedoyin , Ojo Omotayo Job , Alade Tinuade Rachael , Fenwa Olusayo Deborah
Published: September 2024

Due to the advancement in the Internet of Things (IoT) devices, the different sectors have greatly expanded through connectivity and flexibility. However, these various devices and networks present certain difficulties for the digital forensic investigations, especially, in the aspects of the devices type variety and data integrity. In later years IoT has given additional concerns to the field of digital investigation and traditional techniques have many times been found incompetent to effectively deal with these issues which demands the establishment of sound evidence acquisition processes suitable for IoT environment. Thus, this research employed mixed methods approach, a comprehensive review as well as the systematic literature review (SLR) method to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the existing forensics techniques and tools in the context of IoT. This research aims to identify gaps in current methodologies and propose potential solutions to enhance the reliability and effectiveness of forensic evidence collection in IoT environments through the systematic analysis of peer-reviewed articles, case studies, and industry reports. The study proposed strategic recommendations for developing additional robust forensic methods that ensure data integrity and accommodate the vast diversity of IoT devices, thereby supporting more accurate and reliable digital investigations in this fast developing technological landscape.
Assessing Trace Metal Contamination and Associated Risks in the Kossan River Ecosystem, Southern Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: OUATTARA Ahbeauriet Ahmed , YAO Koffi Simplice , KONE Horo , TROKOUREY Albert
Published: September 2024

Trace metals accumulate in aquatic systems and can pose a threat to human health and wildlife. In recent decades, human activity has become the main source of metals in the environment. In order to gain a better understanding of metal contamination in Ivorian rivers impacted by human activity, and to help set up a database, we studied the distribution of arsenics (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in the Kossan River.
A total of 21 surface water and sediment samples were taken at 7 stations along the River Kossan between March 2019 and July 2020. Total concentrations of the metals were analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks were assessed in surface water. Contamination indices such as EF, CF; Igeo and PLI were calculated to determine the level of sediment contamination. Ecological risk indices Er and RI were used to assess the potential risks associated with metals.
The concentrations of As, Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn found in surface water samples fell within the following ranges: 2.03 - 17.19, 1.752 - 13.264, 0.067 - 0.774, 17.44 - 2369.11 and 136.72 - 3669.37 µg/L, respectively and in sediment: 0.69 - 4.60, 2.10 - 11.30, 0.13 - 5.00, 1.70 - 28.20 and 4.10 - 90.30 µg/g, respectively. The results showed high levels of As, Cu, Pb and Zn contamination in places, above WHO limits. The calculation of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk indices revealed that arsenic and copper can present major health risks for humans through the consumption of water. Cd concentrations exceeded geochemical background values. The results suggest moderate to very severe Cd contamination of the sediments by anthropogenic origin at certain sampling points. In general, the results of the ecological risk indices revealed low to moderate levels of contamination for metals, with the exception of heavy cadmium contamination in the river. The highest concentrations of trace metals were observed in water and sediment samples collected from stations with high anthropogenic pressure.
The continuing intensification of human activity may in the long term present a major risk to man and his environment, hence the need to set up a system for monitoring river watercourses and to develop a system for remediating trace metals in river water such as phytoremediation.
Composting Cow Dung Enriched with Vivianite (Phosphocompost) for Agricultural Use in the Balaza Lawane Locality (Far North, Cameroon)
Authors: Djongre Alexis Djongmo , Maimouna Abba , Tatchum Lucien Tchuenteu , Megueni Clautilde
Published: September 2024

Aims: Soils in the Far North of Cameroon are deficient in organic matter and available phosphorus, making it difficult to intensify agricultural production. This affects the yield of several crops. With this in mind, a study has been carried out to produce cow dung compost enriched with vivianite, to improve soil quality in terms of organic matter and available phosphorus, and boost agricultural production.
Study Design: A study was carried out to produce cow dung compost enriched with rock phosphate (Vivianite).
Place and Duration of Study: Balaza Lawane in Far North Region of Cameroon. The sowing was done on January 15, 2021 until 20 april 2021.
Methodology: To this end, we produced 3 organic amendments based on cow dung (a compost and two phospho-composts containing 10 and 20% of vivianite, respectively). Monitoring and chemical characterization of each of the three was carried out. A seed germination test was also carried out, on petri dishes in a completely randomized block design repeated three times.
Results: Physico-chemical analyses reveal that the soil at the Balaza Lawane site has a Sandy clay loam granulometry and an acid pH (6.8); it is low in organic matter and available phosphorus. The monitoring of the amendments showed that the temperature, the pH, and even the moisture content of the amendments changed in the same way over time. The application of vivianite powder improved the nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus content of the phosphocomposts compared to the compost. Phytotoxicity tests showed that our various amendments had no phytotoxic effects. The 20 and 10% phosphocomposts showed higher germination index than the other treatments (157.33±16.32% and 157.01±15.32% respectively). An analysis of variance revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) threshold.
Conclusion: Compost enriched with 20% vivianite produced more available phosphorus, and showed no phytotoxicity. This phosphocompost is proving to be the most effective crop amendment on Balaza Lawane soil.
Genotype × Environment Interaction for Grain Yield and Its Component Traits in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for Varietal Recommendations in Meghalaya State of India
Authors: Singh Aditya Kumar , Singh Naresh Bahadur , Azadthakur Narain Singh , Singh Naorem Janaki , Rajesh Thangaswamy , Sharma Jai Pal , P. K Mallikarjuna , Sharma Ganeshwar , Kumawat Radheshyam , Singh Konjengbam Noren
Published: September 2024

The study aims to evaluate the stability of fifteen wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under varying sowing dates to identify genotypes with superior grain yield and stability in the North Eastern Region of India. The study also seeks to assess G×E using the Eberhart and Russell model and the AMMI model, to recommend suitable genotypes for cultivation in this region. This is a two-year field study conducted during the rabi seasons of 2017-18 and 2018-19. Fifteen genotypes were sown on six different dates including E1 (27th Oct. 2017-18), E2 (6th Nov. 2017-18), E3 (16th Nov. 2017-18), E4 (27th Oct. 2018-19), E5 (6th Nov. 2018-19), and E6 (16th Nov. 2018-19) to evaluate the stability of these genotypes. This experiment was performed in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. All genotypes exhibited significant differences across the studied environments. The genotype-environment interaction was significant for most traits except days to 50% crop emergence, test weight, and harvest index. RAJ-3765 and HD-2985 were identified as high-yielding and stable genotypes across all environments, while HD-3118 and HD-2733 performed well in favorable conditions. The AMMI analysis revealed that HD-2985 and RAJ-3765 were the most stable, and WR-544 was the poorest performer. Genotypes RAJ-3765 and HD-2985 showed superior stability and yield across diverse environments, making them suitable for broader cultivation in Meghalaya. HD-2733 and HD-3118 were better suited for favorable environments, while WR-544 was the least adapted. These findings suggest the potential for expanding wheat cultivation in the region using these stable genotypes.
Integrated Farming System: A Sustainable Approach towards Modern Agriculture
Authors: Singh Jitendra , Singh Beerendra , Singh Akhilesh Kumar , Rani Priyanka
Published: September 2024

Integrated farming system (IFS) is an integrated approach towards sustainable agriculture in this modern era. It is the integration of various agricultural enterprises or practices such as crops, livestock, Poultry, fish, agroforestry, horticulture, vermicomposting, Mushroom cultivation and beekeeping, in a single farming system. IFS is considered as the efficient tool for enhancing the profitability of farming systems especially for small and marginal farmers. The purposes or objectives of the IFS are: It enhances the productivity per unit area; Agriculture waste management; Soil health management and soil conservation; Generation of diversified income round the year; less use of chemicals; Increasing the yield of all integrated components and food security. IFS include various components or enterprises. These enterprises not only increase the farmer’s income but also increase employment generation of a family. The juadicious integration of these agricultural enterprises improves the socio-economic status of the farmers. The crop production component of IFS includes the cultivation of various economically important crops such as cereals, pulses, vegetables, fruits, and herbs. To maintain the soil health & fertility and management of Plant diseases and pests, various cultural methods such as intercropping, crop rotation, soil solarisation, organic amendment, Mulching, etc. Mushroom cultivation is also one of the important enterprises in IFS that contribute towards increase in farmer’s income. Another important component of IFS includes the rearing of different types of livsestock such as cows, goats, sheep, Duckery, Piggery, Apiary, and poultry. Livestock provides a source of income and produces manure, which can be used as fertilizer for crops. Biogas is another enterprise which is the use of agricultural and animal waste to produce energy. This Bioenergy helps to reduce the dependence on fossil fuels and provide a source of income for farmers. There are various models that can be used in IFS like Horticulture+ Piggery+ Fisheries+ Plantation crops and Agriculture+ Horticulture+ Poultry+ Fishery+ Mushroom. Hence, Integrated Farming System is a promising approach for increasing productivity, increasing farmer’s income by utilizing the agricultural and animal waste, recycling farm by-products and efficient utilization of available resources.
Bio Efficacy of Different Fungal Bio-agents on Juvenile Mortality of Root Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita under Laboratory Condition
Authors: Abhi Ramavath , Sharma MK , Manisha  , Baheti BL , Kumar Deepak , Kumhar Ram Narayan , Nama CP
Published: September 2024

An investigation was carried out in vitro to evaluate the antagonistic effect of fungal bio-control agents i.e., Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, Purpureocillium lilacinum, Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana on second stage juvenile (J2) mortality of root-knot nematode (RKN) at 106 and 107 dilutions on juvenile mortality of M. incognita after 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hrs exposure period as compared to untreated check. Among different dilutions, T. viride at 106 dilutions (86.00 per cent) gave maximum per cent juvenile mortality followed by T. harzianum at 106 dilutions (82.00 per cent), P. lilacinum at 106 dilutions (76.00 per cent) and T. viride at 107 dilutions (72.00 per cent) after 120 hrs. M. anisopliae at 107 dilutions (38.00 per cent) was found least effective at different period of exposure.Further studies need to be conducted in pot and field conditions to evaluate the efficacy of these bio-agents against root knot nematode, M. incognita.
Study of Various Rootstocks and Scion on Leaf Nutrient Status in Mango (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: Rizwanullah Md. , Kumari Priyanka , Singh Ram Preet , Bharti Kritika , Fatma Tahsin , Qaiser Md Zeeshan , Malsawmtluangi  , Pavatharani M.
Published: September 2024

The current experiment, entitled “Study of various rootstocks and scions on leaf nutrient status in mango (Mangifera indica L.)” The experiment was framed in RBD (Randomized Block Design) with three replications studied for leaf nutrient analysis. The combination of five rootstocks and three scions, was carried out in the Department of Horticulture (Fruit and Fruit Technology), Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, during 2020–21 to evaluate the best combination regarding leaf nutrient content. The appropriate rootstock allows sufficient intake of nutrients and movement while additionally allowing for lesser fertilizer treatment rates, decreasing the possibility of leaching nutrients and toxicity while preserving fruit quality and yield. The analysis of the experiment macronutrient data related to N: P: K content in the leaf of the scion with the influence of different rootstocks has been presented in Table 1. The highest percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were observed respectively treatments i.e. T7: Zardalu grafted on Olour (1.62%); T9: Bombay Green grafted on Olour (0.19 %); and T15: Bombay Green grafted on Mahmood Bahar (0.76%), whoever the investigation of micronutrients (Cu, Fe, Mn, and Mg) in leaves of different treatments of rootstocks has been presented in Table 2. The maximum value of copper, iron, manganese and magnesium content of leaf was observed respectively in the treatments i.e. (T13) Zardalu when grafted on Mahmood Bahar (38.33 ppm), (T8) Zardalu grafted on Mylepalium (109.00 ppm), (T4) Zardalu grafted on Mylipalium (0.24 ppm) and (T4) Zardalu grafted on Mylepalium (0.24ppm).
Impact of Military Medicine Training on the Perception and Future Performance of Graduates from National Defence University of Malaysia: A Questionnaire Study
Authors: Shahidah L , Reddy SC
Published: September 2024

Background: The integration of Military Medicine into medical undergraduate programme in National Defence University of Malaysia {NDUM)has shaped the landscape of the formal existing framework of medical education, creating a platform to enhance feasibility of doctors to work effectively in austere environment and towards interagency collaboration between military and civilian.
Objectives: This study aims to explore the impact of Military Medicine training on NDUM medical graduate’s perception and their future performance in the categories of (i) personal and professional development, (ii) as a platform for future military-civilian cooperation, (iii) readiness to participate in future military-civilian cooperation: Knowledge, Skills and Attitude.
Methods: This is a quantitative research design, conducted among six batches of graduates to explore the impact of Military Medicine training on their perception and future performance. The non-probability purposive sampling method was used, and medical graduates have responded to the online structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed using snow ball techniques through online Google form. Informed consent was taken from the responders.
Results: A total of 90 medical graduates responded to the study. The participation pool included military doctors (44, 48.9%) and civilian doctors (46, 51.1%). The study feedback shows that most graduates viewed that their participation in the Military Medicine courses has positively affected their personal development (84, 93.3%), work performance (84, 93.3%) and personality (77, 85.6%); and 84 (93.3%) opined that Military Medicine courses is useful for their career progression. The participants’ feedback highlighted that the training has enhanced their perceptions (89, 98.9%) and is a very useful platform for future military-civilian cooperation in Malaysia (72,80%). Amongst important values that graduates have gained from their participation in Military Medicine training are teamwork, esprit de corps and cooperation, perseverance and mental readiness and new experiences in providing care beyond comfort zone of hospital settings.
Conclusion: NDUM medical graduates have benefited positively from the Military Medicine module and enhanced their perception toward military-civilian cooperation.
Evaluation of the Maize - False basil Cultural Association in the Fight against the Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Bla N'goran A. Régine épouse , Sahabane Traoré Mohamed , Ibrahim Sylla , Hilaire Kouakou Tanoh , Daouda Koné
Published: September 2024

In Ivory Coast, maize (Zea mays L.) is the second most cultivated cereal after rice. Despite this, maize cultivation is limited by pest pressures. Apart from the usual pests, a new enemy has arrived on the continent, the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. To control this pest, farmers use pesticides, which are not only expensive, but also pose risks to human health and the environment. The objective of this study is to find an alternative solution to chemical control through the cultivation of maize-Ocimum gratissimum (False basil) in two ways. The first consisted in planting False basil around the maize plot as a barrier plant (P1). The second consisted of alternating maize plants with False basil plants (P2). The experimental design used was a one-factor randomized FISHER block with three treatments. The efficacy of the two association modalities was compared to that of control which was maize crop only. The results showed better control of fall armyworm in the combination than control. Of the two combination treatments, it was the P1 treatment that was effective against S. frugiperda compared to the P2 treatment and the control. Thus the infestation rate of treatment P1 (33 %) was lower than that of treatment P2 (50 %) followed by the control (70 %). In addition, it was the P1 treatment that harbored fewer armyworms (8 larvae) compared to the P2 treatment (22 larvae) and the control (35 larvae). The maize-False basil crop combination therefore appears to be beneficial than pure crops as it significantly reduces the infestation rate, damage level and harbors less fall armyworm population.
From Barista to Bytes: How Starbucks Brewed a Digital Revolution
Authors: Ullagaddi P.
Published: September 2024

This study examines Starbucks' digital transformation journey, analyzing its strategies, implementation, and impact on performance and competitive positioning. Using a qualitative case study approach, the article explores how Starbucks leveraged an interconnected ecosystem of mobile applications, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and data analytics to enhance customer engagement and optimize operations. The research investigates how these technologies synergistically contribute to Starbucks' "Digital Flywheel" framework, driving personalization, streamlining operations, and creating a seamless omnichannel experience. Drawing on company reports, academic literature, and industry analyses, this study provides a comprehensive view of Starbucks' digital initiatives and their collective impact. Findings reveal that Starbucks' success stems from a holistic approach to digital transformation, encompassing technological implementation, organizational restructuring, and cultural change. The study critically examines the effectiveness of the "Digital Flywheel" framework, comparing it with similar models in digital transformation literature. While highlighting the significant impact of these initiatives on Starbucks' financial performance, customer engagement, and operational efficiency, the research also explores challenges in data privacy, technology investment costs, and potential risks associated with digital transformation. The study provides a nuanced analysis of how Starbucks navigated these challenges, offering valuable insights for practitioners. This research contributes to the growing literature on digital transformation in retail, offering a balanced perspective on both the opportunities and challenges of digital innovation. By examining Starbucks' journey, the study critically assesses how traditional retailers can adapt to the digital age, while acknowledging the variability in outcomes across different sectors.
Enhancing Agricultural Commodity Price Forecasting Using Generative Models: A Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Avinash G. , Nayak G. H. Harish , Baishya Moumita , Naik B. Samuel , V.C. Karthik
Published: September 2024

Predicting stock market prices is a critical yet challenging task in finance. Technical analysis, a widely used methodology in investment theory, involves forecasting price movements by analyzing historical market data. Recently, deep learning has gained prominence for its exceptional ability to process complex data, making it a popular tool for financial applications such as stock prediction, portfolio optimization, financial information analysis, and trade execution strategies. In this study, we propose a novel deep learning architecture that integrates a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) with a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) as the discriminator and Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) as the generator. This framework generates distributions of daily stock prices through adversarial learning to predict stock closing prices. Using daily trading data from Ruchi Soya Industries Limited, an empirical analysis was performed across a broad time frame. Results show that the proposed GAN-based architecture significantly outperforms traditional deep learning models, including GRU, LSTM, and Bi-LSTM, in predicting stock closing prices. These findings demonstrate the potential of this novel approach for improving stock price forecasting accuracy.
PV Based Microgrid for Remote Area Electrification in Nigeria: A Systematic Review of Concepts and Extant Strategies
Authors: Nta Eric E. , Okpura Nseobong I. , Udofia Kingsley M.
Published: September 2024

Centralized power generation, transmission and distribution system operations in Nigeria can no longer deliver affordable and reliable electricity to remote households, both on and off the national grid. Therefore, a balanced approach, through renewable energy generation is the best option that would potentially lead accelerated journey to full electrification in the country. Renewable energy has become a panacea to energy problems worldwide because it is clean, environmentally friendly and ultimately cheaper. Due to the massive capacity of Nigeria to generate electricity from its numerous green energy resources, it has become crystal clear that access to sustainable and reliable energy in Nigeria is required for proper economic and social development. This work is based on an extensive review of recent experiences of more than 120 papers covering mostly the off-grid PV sector in the past 15years. The review included: scientific journals, conference papers, (PhD) theses, books and scientific reports from governments/NGOs and publications from energy institutions. A comprehensive review of relevant concepts and current microgrids optimization strategies applied to sizing, siting, load estimation and energy management has been conducted. Future research directions and potential of PV based microgrids for rural electrification have equally been specified.
Die europäische KI-Verordnung (AI Act) Teil 2 – Risikomanagement für Hochrisiko-KI-Systeme
Authors: Borges Georg
Published: September 2024

Die Regeln für sog. Hochrisiko-KI-Systeme sind der Kern der KIVerordnung. Der Beitrag führt in die Regelung der KI-Verordnung zu sog. Hochrisiko-KI-Systemen ein (I.), erläutert die beiden Konzepte der Verordnung zur Qualifikation von KI-Systemen als Hochrisiko-KI-Systeme (II. und III.), erläutert zentrale Elemente des Risikomanagements (IV.) sowie die Pflichten der Anbieter und Betreiber von Hochrisiko-KI-Systemen (V.) und diskutiert die Herausforderungen der Regelung in der Wertschöpfungskette (VI.).
Die Gewerbesteueroase ist tot. Es lebe die Gewerbesteueroase!
Authors: Haase Florian
Published: September 2024

Der Wirtschaftspresse der jüngeren Zeit ist zu entnehmen, dass die sog. Gewerbesteueroasen in den Fokus der Finanzverwaltung gerückt seien. Mehr noch: Der Fahndungsdruck sei hoch, die ersten Steuerstrafverfahren seien eingeleitet worden. Dies gibt Anlass zu einigen grundsätzlichen Überlegungen. Wie zu zeigen sein wird, sind Gewerbesteueroasen de lege lata legal und zu Unrecht in Verruf geraten.
Ausgewählte Problembereiche bei sperrfristbehafteten und mitverstrickten Anteilen nach § 22 UmwStG
Authors: Ott Hans
Published: September 2024

Im Zusammenhang mit Einbringungsvorgängen nach den §§ 20 und 21 UmwStG ergeben sich komplexe und zum Teil in der Literatur kontrovers diskutierte Fragen zu Sperrfristverletzungen nach § 22 Abs.1 und 2 UmwStG sowie zur unentgeltlichen Rechtsnachfolge und zur Mitverstrickung von Anteilen nach § 22 Abs. 6 und 7 UmwStG. Zu einem Teil der Fragen hat der BFH inzwischen Stellung genommen und auch zur persönlichen Zurechnung des Einbringungsgewinns I nach einer unentgeltlichen Rechtsnachfolge i.S.v. § 22 Abs. 6 UmwStG liegen zumindest mit den Urteilen des FG München vom 9.2.2024 sowie des FG Düsseldorf vom 7.3.2024 erste, wenn auch gegensätzliche Entscheidungen vor. Zum Problem der vorzeitigen Sperrfristbeendigung nach § 22 Abs. 2 Satz 5 UmwStG bahnt sich nach dem Regierungsentwurf des Jahressteuergesetzes (JStG) 2024 eine gesetzliche Lösung an. Zu dem in diesem Beitrag aufgeworfenen Problem bedarf es noch einer intensiven Diskussion im Fachschrifttum. Hierzu will dieser Beitrag einen Anstoß geben.
Gedanken zum „in-camera“-Verfahren des BFH und Folgen für die Praxis
Authors: Wolfgang Brill Mirko
Published: September 2024

Der BFH hat sich mit Beschluss vom 29.5.2024 (V S 15/22) zur Frage geäußert, welche Unterlagen ein Finanzamt im Rahmen einer Konkurrentenklage eines anderen Steuerpflichtigen auf Überprüfung der ordnungsgemäßen Besteuerung des Konkurrenten - die Anwendung des ermäßigten Umsatzsteuersatzes auf einen Zweckbetrieb - vorlegen muss. Der Beschluss bietet einen Anlass, sich sowohl mit der Konkurrentenklage im Steuerrecht als solcher als auch mit den Aussagen des BFH zur Reichweite der Vorlagepflicht des Finanzamtes sowie mit den Folgen für die Praxis des Beschlusses zu befassen.
Von der Fanmeile zum Finanzamt — Umsatzsteuerrechtliche Behandlung des Bezahlens mit Daten und Vorsteuerabzugsfähigkeit von Kosten für Werbegeschenke am Beispiel der Check24-Trikot-Aktion
Authors: Steuer Katharina
Published: September 2024

Der Beitrag überprüft am Beispiel der Trikot-Aktion des Vergleichsportals Check24 zunächst die umsatzsteuerrechtliche Einordnung des Bezahlens mit Daten als tauschähnlichen Umsatz. Obgleich der Wortlaut der Vorschriften in Verbindung mit den durch die Rechtsprechung herausgebildeten Kriterien die Besteuerung nahelegen würde, ist die Finanzverwaltung gegenteiliger Auffassung. Dies ist jedoch systemgerecht und konsequent im Hinblick auf eine Besteuerung nach der (Konsum-)Leistungsfähigkeit, wie der Beitrag im Fazit aufzeigt. In einem zweiten Teil widmet sich die Autorin dem Vorsteuerabzug der Kosten für Werbegeschenke, der nach unionsrechtskonformer Auslegung grundsätzlich ausgeschlossen sein müsste, was durch die jüngste Rechtsprechung des EuGH und BFH noch einmal verdeutlicht wurde.
Impact of air‐sea coupling on the simulation of tropical cyclones in the North Indian Ocean using a simple 3‐D ocean model coupled to ARW
Authors: Srinivas C. V. , Mohan Greeshma M. , Naidu C. V. , Baskaran R. , Venkatraman B.
Published: August 2016

In this work, the impact of air‐sea coupling on tropical cyclone (TC) predictions is studied using a three‐dimensional Price‐Weller‐Pinkel (3DPWP) ocean model coupled to the Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting in six tropical storms in the North Indian Ocean, representing different intensities, seasonality, and varied oceanic conditions. A set of numerical experiments are conducted for each cyclone using sea surface temperature (SST) boundary conditions derived from Global Forecast System (GFS) SST, NOAA/National Centers for Environmental Prediction SST, and ocean coupling (3DPWP). Significant differences and improvements are found in the predicted intensity and track in the simulations, in which the cyclones' impact on SST is included. It has been found that while the uncoupled model using GFS SST considerably overestimated the intensity as well as produced large track errors, the ocean coupling substantially improved the track and intensity predictions. The improvements with 3DPWP are because of simulating the ocean‐atmosphere feedback in terms of deepening of ocean mixed layer, reduction in enthalpy fluxes, and storm‐induced SST cooling as seen in observations. The coupled model could simulate the cold wake in SST, asymmetries in the surface winds, enthalpy fluxes, size, and structure of the storm in better agreement with observations than the uncoupled model. The coupled model reduced the track errors by roughly 0.3–39% and intensity errors by 29–47% at 24–96 h predictions by controlling the northward deviation of storms tracks by SST cooling and associated changes in the dynamics. The vorticity changes associated with horizontal advection and stretching terms affect the tracks of the storms in the three simulations.