bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caudal Extension Graft of the Lower Lateral Cartilage: Technique and Aesthetic and Functional Results
Authors: Sales Juliano de Oliveira , Gubisch Wolfgang , Duarte Rodrigo Ribeiro Ferreira , Moreno Aline Souza Costa Teixeira , Oliveira Felipe Marques de , Coura Lorena Martins de Oliveira
Published: April 2021

Here we describe a new technique to deal with alar retraction, a highly undesirable imperfection of the nose. The procedure involves placing a caudal extension graft below the vestibular portion of the lower lateral cartilage (LLC) after its detachment from the vestibular skin. The graft is fixed to the cartilage and, subsequently, to the vestibular tissue. The present retrospective study included 20 patients, 11 females and 9 males, with a mean age of 28.90 years. Follow-up ranged from 1 to 18 months. Surgery improved alar notching to a smoother dome shape and nostril exposure was reduced in every patient. The caudal extension graft of the LLC contributed to rise in overall patient satisfaction, as revealed by the postoperative increase of the Rhinoplasty Outcomes Evaluation (ROE) mean score from 40.0 to 79.17 (p < 0.0001). It also contributed to and improved functional outcomes, as indicated by the decrease of the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) mean score from 52.75 to 13.25 (p = 0.0001). Sex did not affect the mean ROE and NOSE scores. Thus, increased patient satisfaction measured by the ROE is present in both sexes and at both age groups but it is better detected in the first year after surgery. Functional improvements analyzed with NOSE are best detected in patients aged ≥ 30 years and in follow-ups of 11 months. The caudal extension graft of the LLC technique described herein effectively and safely corrects alar retraction and the collapse of the nasal valve while filling the soft triangle.
Soft Tissue Trauma to the Nose: Management and Special Considerations
Authors: Basa Krystyne , Ezzat Waleed H.
Published: April 2021

The nose is one of the most common sites of facial injury due to its prominence and anatomical placement. Given its intricate anatomy, function, and high visibility, it also proves to be one of the most complex regions for repair. We provide a review of the management of soft tissue injuries to the nose, including the various reconstructive tools available and adjunctive wound care measures. We also discuss special considerations based on mechanism of injury and treatment of this condition in the pediatric population. The main goals of reconstruction should be to preserve function while achieving optimal cosmetic results in this highly visible region of the face.
Uptake of an Integrated Electronic Questionnaire System in Community Pediatric Clinics
Authors: Hanmer Janel , Ray Kristin N. , McCracken Polly , Ferrante Lorraine , Wardlaw Sharon , Fleischman Lauren , Wolfson David
Published: April 2021

Objective The study aimed to evaluate an integrated electronic questionnaire system implementation in outpatient community pediatric practices on workflow, completion rates, and recorded scores.

Methods We evaluated the implementation and outcomes of an integrated electronic questionnaire system at 45 community pediatric practices that used standardized questionnaires to screen for autism, depression, and substance use and to measure asthma control. Electronic health record (EHR) data for all well child visits were extracted for the 3 months before and after implementation. We used statistical process control charts to evaluate questionnaire completion rates and Chi-square tests to evaluate screening completion and positive screening rates. The collection and entry of questionnaire information was observed and timed.

Results EHR data included 107,120 encounters across 45 practices that showed significant and sustained improvement in completion rates for all questionnaires. The rate of recorded concerning questionnaires decreased for asthma control (19.3 vs. 12.8%, p < 0.001), stayed the same for autism (96.6 vs. 96.2%, p = 0.38), decreased for depression (9.5 vs. 6.7%, p ≤ 0.001), and increased for any substance use (9.8 vs. 12.8%, p < 0.001). Twelve practices were observed, and patient time and staff time managing questionnaires were decreased after implementation.

Discussion Electronic questionnaire administration saved staff time and patient time. We report overall improvement in questionnaire completion rates, with notable variation in improvement in completion across practices and in change in concerning recorded result rates across measures.

Conclusion Conversion of four standard paper questionnaires to an integrated electronic system reduces patient and staff time while increasing completion rates when well integrated into routine care.
Wind turbine wake influence on the mixing of relative humidity quantified through wind tunnel experiments
Authors: Obligado Martín , Cal Raúl Bayoán , Brun Christophe
Published: April 2021

An experimental study conducted in a wind tunnel on the mixing of moist air by a scaled wind turbine is presented. The experimental setup allows us to generate stable stratification conditions with respect to relative humidity and temperature in a closed-loop wind tunnel. The flow and its thermodynamic properties were characterized using a Cobra probe (a multi-hole pitot tube) and a sensor of local temperature and relative humidity, both used simultaneously to obtain vertical profiles. The flow and its stratification were measured downstream of a scaled rotor at two different streamwise distances (1 and 10 rotor diameters) and two Reynolds numbers based on the diameter of the wind turbine rotor (22 000 and 44 000, respectively). This was then compared to the inflow conditions. The wake mean structure and the humidity and temperature stratifications of the flow are found to be affected by the presence of the rotor. In particular, the stratification was always smaller one diameter downstream from the model (when compared to the empty test section case), and then was mostly recovered in the far wake (10 diameters downstream). This effect depended not only on the streamwise distance, but also on the Reynolds number of the flow. Finally, the bulk Richardson number Rb was found to be an appropriate parameter to quantify this effect.
Kernel-based parameter estimation of dynamical systems with unknown observation functions
Authors: Lindenbaum Ofir , Sagiv Amir , Mishne Gal , Talmon Ronen
Published: April 2021

A low-dimensional dynamical system is observed in an experiment as a high-dimensional signal, for example, a video of a chaotic pendulums system. Assuming that we know the dynamical model up to some unknown parameters, can we estimate the underlying system’s parameters by measuring its time-evolution only once? The key information for performing this estimation lies in the temporal inter-dependencies between the signal and the model. We propose a kernel-based score to compare these dependencies. Our score generalizes a maximum likelihood estimator for a linear model to a general nonlinear setting in an unknown feature space. We estimate the system’s underlying parameters by maximizing the proposed score. We demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the method using two chaotic dynamical systems—the double pendulum and the Lorenz ’63 model.
Large eddy simulation of the turbulent mixing at an oblique interface induced by non-classical planar shock waves
Authors: Liu Y. , Guan Y. K.
Published: April 2021

The interaction between the shock wave and phase interface is one of the classic problems in aerospace and turbulent combustion engineering. In this paper, the instability of the gas–liquid interface driven by non-classical planar shock waves is studied. Based on the volume of fluid model and large eddy simulation method, the deformation process and the turbulent mixing phenomenon of the oblique interface induced by non-classical planar shock waves in a two-dimensional plane are numerically investigated by using a high-performance computer cluster. The effects of incident shock wave intensity, initial amplitude, initial wavelength, and inclined angle of the gas–liquid two-phase oblique interface are analyzed. The results show that the incident shock intensity has the most significant effect on the interface deformation and the development of turbulent mixing, and the initial amplitude and wavelength of the incident shock and the inclined interface angle also play a certain role in the deformation and development process. Overall, the width of the turbulent mixing zone increases with time under a given condition, and the convex structure will fall off and break up at the phase interface in the later stage of turbulent mixing.
Barriers and enablers to providing preventative and early intervention diabetes-related foot care: a qualitative study of primary care healthcare professionals’ perceptions
Authors: Mullan Leanne , Wynter Karen , Driscoll Andrea , Rasmussen Bodil
Published: April 2021

This study explored the perceived healthcare system and process barriers and enablers experienced by GPs and Credentialled Diabetes Educators (CDEs) in Australian primary care, in the delivery of preventative and early intervention foot care to people with diabetes. A qualitative design with inductive analysis approach was utilised and reported according to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies (COREQ). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with two GPs and 14 CDEs from rural, urban and metropolitan areas of Australia. Participants were from New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia, the Northern Territory and Queensland. Barriers to providing foot care constituted five broad themes: (1) lack of access to footcare specialists and services; (2) education and training insufficiencies; (3) human and physical resource limitations related to funding inadequacies; (4) poor care integration such as inadequate communication and feedback across services and disciplines, and ineffectual multidisciplinary care; and (5) deficient footcare processes and guidelines including ambiguous referral pathways. Enablers to foot care were found at opposing ends of the same spectra as the identified barriers or were related to engaging in mentorship programs and utilising standardised assessment tools. This is the first Australian study to obtain information from GPs and CDEs about the perceived barriers and enablers influencing preventative and early intervention diabetes-related foot care. Findings offer an opportunity for the development and translation of effective intervention strategies across health systems, policy, funding, curriculum and clinical practice, in order to improve outcomes for people with diabetes.
Shedding light on 19th century spectra by analyzing Lippmann photography
Authors: Baechler Gilles , Latty Arnaud , Pacholska Michalina , Vetterli Martin , Scholefield Adam
Published: April 2021

Significance

Gabriel Lippmann won the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physics for his method of reproducing colors in photography. Despite the significance of this result, there are still misconceptions regarding the approach. We provide a complete end-to-end analysis of the process and show, both theoretically and experimentally, how the spectrum reflected from a Lippmann plate is not the same as the exposing spectrum. In addition, we demonstrate that, given the spectrum reflected from a Lippmann plate, together with the plate’s color absorption properties, the original exposing spectrum can be algorithmically recovered.
Facilitative use of grammatical gender in Heritage Spanish
Authors: Fuchs Zuzanna
Published: April 2021

This paper presents an eye-tracking study using the Visual World Paradigm that tests whether participants are able to access gender information on definite articles and deploy it to facilitate lexical retrieval of subsequent nouns. A comparison of heritage speakers of Spanish with control monolingual speakers of Spanish suggests that the heritage speakers’ performance on this task is qualitatively similar to that of the baseline. This suggests that, despite non-target-like performance in offline tasks targeting gender production and comprehension, heritage speakers of Spanish can use gender in a target-like manner in online tasks. In line with proposals put forth by Grüter et al. (2012) and Montrul et al. (2014), a preliminary comparison with previous work on L2 learners (Lew-Williams & Fernald, 2010; Grüter et al., 2012; Dussias et al., 2013) provides tentative support for the idea that the nature of early language learning is crucial in developing the ability to use grammatical gender to facilitate lexical retrieval (Grüter et al., 2012; Montrul et al., 2014).
Variation and stability of American Norwegian /r/ in contact
Authors: Natvig David
Published: April 2021

Sound patterns in heritage languages are often highly variable, potentially with influences from majority languages. Yet, the core phonological system of the heritage language tends to remain stable. This article considers variation in the phonetic and phonological patterns of /r/ in American Norwegian heritage language speakers from neighboring communities in western Wisconsin, in the Upper Midwestern United States. Drawing on acoustic data from speakers born between 1879 and 1957, I examine the distribution of four rhotic allophones, including an English-like approximant, over time. These data reveal an increase of approximants that is structured within the Norwegian phonological system and its processes. Furthermore, analyzing these changes with the proposed modular framework provides clarity for how heritage language sound systems do and do not change under contact and contributes to our understanding of the asymmetric phonetic and phonological heritage language patterns.
Papuana huebneri (taro beetle).
Authors: Whittaker Angela
Published: April 2021

Papuana huebneri is one of at least 19 species of known taro beetles native to the Indo-Pacific region; it is native to Papua New Guinea, the Molucca Islands in Indonesia, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, and has been introduced to Kiribati. Taro (Colocasia esculenta) is an important crop in these countries; high infestations of P. huebneri can completely destroy taro corms, and low infestations can reduce their marketability. The beetle also attacks swamp taro or babai (Cyrtosperma chamissonis [Cyrtosperma merkusii]), which is grown for consumption on ceremonial occasions. Infestations of taro beetles, including P. huebneri, have led to the abandonment of taro and swamp taro pits in the Solomon Islands and Kiribati, resulting in the loss of genetic diversity of these crops and undermining cultural traditions. P. huebneri also attacks a variety of other plants, although usually less seriously. Management today relies on an integrated pest management strategy, combining cultural control measures with the use of insecticides and the fungal pathogen Metarhizium anisopliae.
A deterministic-statistical approach to reconstruct moving sources using sparse partial data
Authors: Liu Yanfang , Guo Yukun , Sun Jiguang
Published: April 2021

We consider the reconstruction of moving sources using partial measured data. A two-step deterministic-statistical approach is proposed. In the first step, an approximate direct sampling method is developed to obtain the locations of the sources at different times. Such information is coded in the priors, which is critical for the success of the Bayesian method in the second step. The well-posedness of the posterior measure is analyzed in the sense of the Hellinger distance. Both steps are based on the same physical model and use the same set of measured data. The combined approach inherits the merits of the deterministic method and Bayesian inversion as demonstrated by the numerical examples.
Field-enhanced polarization in polytype ferric oxides: confronting anisotropy in dielectric ellipsoid dispersion
Authors: Bhattacharjee Souvik , Banerjee Anibrata , Chattopadhyay Kalyan Kumar
Published: April 2021

An analytic dielectric introspection in two cardinal ferric oxide polymorphs, viz. hematite and maghemite, is conducted using a three-fold line of direction. Firstly, dc field-dependent radio/audio-frequency impedance and dielectric spectra of polycrystalline MIM pellets, comprising near-stoichiometric (meticulously characterized)

α
,
γ
−

Fe2O3 nanoparticles, are analysed by employing the Cole–Davidson model, Jonscher’s power law and equivalent circuitry to quantify non-Debye dipolar relaxations, small polaron hopping conduction, grain core–boundary resistivity correlations and field-driven delocalization/de-trapping of carriers. Bias-tuned low-frequency enhancement of the dielectric constant by augmenting Maxwell–Wagner polarization is demonstrated for both samples, a prerequisite for conquering classical energy-storage bottleneck. Secondly, the optical dielectric function and associated parameters are evaluated under a density functional theory + U framework, to physically designate particular resonant absorption, dissipation, electronic polarization and decay. In doing so, a new crystallographically consistent and energetically stable vacancy-ordered maghemite-type supercell is constructed to accomplish reasonable computational cost. Thirdly, intrinsic anisotropy in materials sensitive to photonic excitations is videographed by simulating energy-dispersive evolution of the quadric surface to project real/imaginary dielectric tensors. The authors anticipate that this intensive technique will pictorially demonstrate anisotropic deviations in the dielectric ellipsoid, fostering materials physics over linear and nonlinear dielectrics.
Embedded split-step methods optimized with a step size control for solving the femtosecond pulse propagation problem in the nonlinear fiber optics formalism
Authors: Ibarra-Villalon H E , Pottiez O , Gómez-Vieyra A , Lauterio-Cruz J P , Bracamontes-Rodriguez Y E
Published: April 2021

We present the suitability of two optimized split-step methods for validating the femtosecond pulse propagation problem in the nonlinear fiber optics formalism that is governed by an extended nonlinear Schrödinger equation. In particular, the embedded split-step Fourier method (embedded-SSFM) and the embedded symmetrized split-step Fourier method (embedded-SymSSFM), which are optimized by the implementation of a step size control algorithm, are tested in terms of the femtosecond soliton fission phenomenology to analyze the numerical stability. As a result, it is possible to validate that these numerical methods introduce the appropriate resolution as function of the accuracy order that is needed at different stages of the soliton fission dynamics, which involves very large spectral shifts driven by the interaction between the nonlinear response and the high-order dispersion contribution of the optical fiber. Thus, the presented numerical methods can be used to validate accurately complex processes such as the development of supercontinuum spectra in the current formalism.
3D Bio-convective nanofluid Bödewadt slip flow comprising gyrotactic microorganisms over a stretched stationary disk with modified Fourier law
Authors: Zhou Shuang-Shuang , Ramzan Muhammad , Howari Fares , Kadry Seifedine , Chu Yu-Ming , Malik M Y
Published: April 2021

The renowned Bödewadt flow problem is considered here for the case of Bio-convective nanofluid flow encompassing gyrotactic microorganisms over a stationary disk. The flow is initiated owing to the rotation of water-based nanofluid which is at a large distance from an immovable disk. The analysis is performed with modified Fourier law in a Darcy-Forchheimer spongy media accompanied by slip and zero mass flux conditions at the surface. The subject Bödewadt nanofluid flow is considered with gyrotactic microorganisms and Cattaneo-Christov (C-C) heat flux effects for the first time. Conformist Von Kármán relations are affianced to attain a similar governing system of differential equations. An efficient MATLAB software-based numerical scheme bvp4c is employed to address the envisaged novel mathematical model. An outstanding synchronization is achieved when a comparative statement is formulated in a limiting case. Outcomes of the proclaimed parameters versus involved distributions are discussed with logical reasoning. It is comprehended that the microorganism density boundary layer is prominent for higher values of the Peclet number. Furthermore, it is remarked that the fluid temperature is diminished for significant values of the thermal relaxation time.
An axially symmetric spacetime with causality violation
Authors: Hazarika Bidyut Bikash
Published: April 2021

We present an axially symmetric spacetime which contains closed timelike curves, and hence violates the causality condition. The metric belongs to type III in the Petrov classification scheme with vanishing expansion, shear and twist. The matter-energy represents a pure radiation field with a negative cosmological constant. The spacetime is asymptotically anti-de Sitter space in the radial direction.
Redshift space power spectrum beyond Einstein-de Sitter kernels
Authors: Aviles Alejandro , Valogiannis Georgios , Rodriguez-Meza Mario A. , Cervantes-Cota Jorge L. , Li Baojiu , Bean Rachel
Published: April 2021

We develop a framework to compute the redshift space power spectrum (PS), with kernels beyond Einstein-de Sitter (EdS), that can be applied to a wide variety of generalized cosmologies. We build upon a formalism that was recently employed for standard cosmology in Chen, Vlah & White (2020), and utilize an expansion of the density-weighted velocity moment generating function that explicitly separates the magnitude of the k-modes and their angle to the line-of-sight direction dependencies. We compute the PS for matter and biased tracers to 1-loop Perturbation Theory (PT) and show that the expansion has a correct infrared and ultraviolet behavior, free of unwanted divergences. We also add Effective Field Theory (EFT) counterterms, necessary to account for small-scale contributions to PT, and employ an IR-resummation prescription to properly model the smearing of the BAO due to large scale bulk flows within Standard-PT. To demonstrate the applicability of our formalism, we apply it on the ΛCDM and the Hu-Sawicki f(R) models, and compare our numerical results against the elephant suite of N-body simulations, finding very good agreement up to k = 0.27 Mpc-1 h at z = 0.5 for the first three non-vanishing Legendre multipoles of the PS. To our knowledge, the model presented in this work is the most accurate theoretical EFT-PT for modified gravity to date, being the only one that accounts for beyond linear local biasing in redshift-space. Hence, we argue our RSD modeling is a promising tool to construct theoretical templates in order to test deviations from ΛCDM using real data obtained from the next stage of cosmological surveys such as DESI and LSST.
Synthetic Gravitational Waves from a Rolling Axion Monodromy
Authors: Özsoy Ogan
Published: April 2021

In string theory inspired models of axion-like fields, sub-leading non-perturbative effects, if sufficiently large, can introduce steep cliffs and gentle plateaus onto the underlying scalar potential. During inflation, the motion of a spectator axion σ on this potential becomes temporarily fast, leading to localized amplification of one helicity state of gauge fields. In this model, the tensor and scalar correlators sourced by the vector fields exhibit localized peak(s) in momentum space corresponding to the modes that exit the horizon while the roll of σ is fast. Thanks to the gravitational coupling of gauge fields with the visible sector and the localized nature of particle production, this model can generate observable gravitational waves (GWs) at CMB scales while satisfying the current limits on scalar perturbations. The resulting GW signal breaks parity and exhibit sizeable non-Gaussianity that can be probed by future CMB B-mode missions. Depending on the initial conditions and model parameters, the roll of the spectator axion can also generate an observably large GW signature at interferometer scales while respecting the bounds on the scalar fluctuations from primordial black hole limits. In our analysis, we carefully investigate bounds on the model parameters that arise through back-reaction and perturbativity considerations to show that these limits are satisfied by the implementations of the model that generate GW signals at CMB and sub-CMB scales.
Dependence of overlap topological charge density on Wilson mass parameter *
Authors: Cheng Zhen , Zhang Jian-bo
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we analyze the dependence of the topological charge density from the overlap operator on the Wilson mass parameter in the overlap kernel by the symmetric multi-probing source (SMP) method. We observe that non-trivial topological objects are removed as the Wilson mass is increased. A comparison of topological charge density calculated by the SMP method using the fermionic definition with that of the gluonic definition by the Wilson flow method is shown. A matching procedure for these two methods is used. We find that there is a best match for topological charge density between the gluonic definition with varied Wilson flow time and the fermionic definition with varied Wilson mass. By using the matching procedure, the proper flow time of Wilson flow in the calculation of topological charge density can be estimated. As the lattice spacing a decreases, the proper flow time also decreases, as expected.
Dynamics of a heavy-duty vehicle in a driving cycle
Authors: Domínguez-Pérez D N , Pantoja-Gallegos J L , Domínguez-Vergara N
Published: April 2021

The analysis of a heavy-duty vehicle moving in a driving cycle is presented. The different forces in the equation of motion are explained. In a driving cycle a target speed of the vehicle is prescribed as a function of time and then the revolutions per minute and the torque of the engine necessary to move the vehicle close to the prescribed speed are calculated. The driving cycle used in this paper is part of one of various cycles used by the Greenhouse Gas Emissions Model developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency to certify the fuel consumption of heavy duty vehicles. The results using the software of that agency and one developed by the authors are reported for a vehicle with a 10-gear transmission, a 455 HP engine, three axes tractor and two axes trailer which have a total mass of 12742 kilograms and transport a load of 17236 kilograms.
Peculiarities of hazardous chemical fire in high-rise R&D buildings based on numerical simulation
Authors: Cao Yun , Zhang Mingguang , Cheng Qian , Zhang Shiqing
Published: April 2021

There are lots of chemical laboratories in high-rise R&D buildings. Large amounts of hazardous chemicals were stored in them. Once a fire breaks out in high-rise R&D buildings, its severity will be much greater than that of high-rise residential building fire. Inflammable chemicals, explosive chemicals, toxic chemicals are usually get involved in hazardous chemical fire. FDS software is usually used for numerical simulation of hazardous chemical fire. Then, the impact of hazardous chemicals fire in high-rise R&D buildings can be analyzed under different fire conditions. This paper collected the hazardous chemicals stocks of 69 companies in the R&D buildings and screened the storage data of hazardous chemicals. Typical hazardous chemicals were selected as fire simulation objects. The consequences of hazardous chemical fires can be analyzed by simulation results. The difference between hazardous chemical fire in R&D high-rise buildings and residential building fire can be found out. At the same time, relevant performance indexes will be proposed for the evacuation of high-rise R&D hazardous chemical fire.
Technological innovation, industrial upgrading and regional economic development: evidence from China’s Yangtze River Economic Belt
Authors: Wu Min , Jin Mengyun , Tian Yihao
Published: April 2021

The development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is an important strategy for China to cope with the new normal of economic development. This paper uses provincial panel data from the Information Network of the National Bureau of Statistics of China and the Development Research Centre of the State Council and conduct a panel data fixed effect regression model to empirically study the impact of technological innovation and industrial upgrading on economic development of 11 provinces in the Yangtze River economic belt. The results of full sample estimation show that technological innovation and industrial upgrading can promote economic growth at a significant level of 1%, but the impact of industrial upgrading is not obvious when they are considered separately. According to the results of sub-regional estimation, there is regional heterogeneity in the degree of effect of technological innovation and industrial upgrading on economy. Therefore, the Yangtze River Economic Belt should increase investment in science and technology, adjust industries according to the development orientation of provinces, pay more attention to the rationalization of industrial structure, rationally allocate resources among industries, and pay attention to the complementary development among regions.
Modeling and analysis of civil aircraft top level RNP system architecture
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhan Chao
Published: April 2021

In recent years, the international aviation organization has implemented new performance-based navigation technology and issued the operational requirements of required navigation performance (RNP). It involves the cross-linking of multiple complex systems, which puts forward higher requirements for aircraft development and management. In this paper, the development process of RNP functional architecture model is defined by using magic grid software. The modeling is completed from three aspects: problem domain, solution domain and implementation domain. The decomposition and implementation of complex functions are completed from top to bottom. This method can effectively solve the complexity problem of civil aircraft system, and lay the foundation for demand-based model forward design.
Analysis of Computer Graphic Image Design and Visual Communication Design
Authors: Bowen Peng , Hua Li
Published: April 2021

Firstly, this paper expounds the concepts of visual communication design and computer graphic image design, analyze the relationship between visual communication design and computer graphics design in detail, including the similarities and differences between them. Then, it analyzes the requirements of visual communication design and computer graphic image design, including design ideas, skills and concepts. Then, it elaborates the practical applications of computer graphic image design and visual communication design, including multimedia products, artistic creation and design, and commodity appearance design. Finally, it analyzes the combination of visual communication design and computer graphics image design. It is hoped that more people in the industry will pay attention to visual communication design and computer graphic image design, which will help promote the further development of computers.
Research on Power Battery Balance System
Authors: Pan Jiaqi
Published: April 2021

This article introduces the importance of the balance system in the battery management system, and analyses the reasons for the inconsistency between battery cells. Also, it introduces the differences between passive balance and active balance management control strategies, and analyses the capacitive, inductive, transformer and DC/DC converter balance management control strategies in the lithium battery active balance management control strategy.
To the theory of solvability of degenerate integro-differential equations in Banach spaces
Authors: Falaleev M V
Published: April 2021

The paper considers a new approach to constructing generalized solutions of degenerate integro-differential equations of convolution type in Banach spaces. The principal idea of the method proposed implies the refusal of the condition of existence of the full Jordan set for the Fredholm operator of the higher derivative with respect to the operator bundle formed by the rest of operator coefficients of the differential part and by the operator kernel of the integral component of the equation. The conditions are superimposed upon the values of the operator function specially constructed on the basis elements of the Fredholm operator kernel. Under such an approach, the differential part of the equation may include not only the higher derivative but also any combination of lower derivatives, what allows one to consider the convolution integral-differential equations from universal positions, without any special account of the structure of the operator bundle. The method proposed represents a form of generalization of the technique based on the application of Jordan sets of Fredholm operators, and, in the case of existence of the latter, the method coincides with this technique. A generalized solution is constructed in the form of a convolution of the fundamental operator function, which corresponds to the equation under investigation, and the function, which includes both the right-hand side of the equation and the initial data. The conditions, under which such a generalized solution does not contain any singular component, and the regular component converts the initial equation into an identity and satisfies the initial data will provide for the resolvability of the initial problem in the class of functions characterized by the respective smoothness. In this case, the generalized solution constructed will be classical. The theorem on the form of fundamental operator function has been proved. The abstract results have been illustrated via examples of initial-boundary value problems of applied character (from the theory electromagnetic fields, the theory of oscillations in visco-elastic media, the theory of vibrations of thermal-elastic plates).
On an exact solution to the nonlinear heat equation with a source
Authors: Kazakov A L , Lempert A A , Spevak L F
Published: April 2021

The paper is devoted to the study of a singular nonlinear second-order parabolic equation, which is called the porous medium equation or the nonlinear heat equation. One of the important classes of its solutions is heat waves propagating over a zero background with a finite velocity. This property is not typical for parabolic equations and is a consequence of singularity. The main object of study is exact solutions of mentioned type. A new way of separating variables is used to represent them. We obtain conditions when it is possible to make a reduction to the Cauchy problem for an ordinary second-order differential equation with a singularity. It is shown that the Cauchy problem describes a heat wave whose front moves exponentially. We construct a solution to the Cauchy problem as a power series and determine the cases when the series breaks off, i.e. the solution has the form of a polynomial, and the corresponding heat wave can be written explicitly. If the Cauchy problem cannot be explicitly integrated, the solution is constructed numerically. An algorithm based on the boundary element method is proposed. We perform a computational experiment and conclude the properties of the found solutions. Besides, the accuracy of the calculation results is analyzed.
Distributed model of space exploration by two types of interacting robots and its exact solutions
Authors: Kosov A , Semenov E
Published: April 2021

A system of nonlinear parabolic differential equations is being studied, considered as a distributed mathematical model of the process of examining three-dimensional space by interacting robots of two types. Parametric families of exact solutions have been built that can be used to form the control of the survey process by creating the necessary densities at the border of the area that is the base for robots.
The theorem of implicit operator in the sectorial neighborhoods
Authors: Yu Leontev R
Published: April 2021

A nonlinear operator equation with parameter in a linear normed space is considered. The operator in the main part of the equation is not continuously invertible so, the standard theorem of implicit operator cannot be applied. We obtain sufficient conditions for the existence of a continuous solution. Method of constructing this solution is given.
An equilibrium position in the generalized mathematical model of a system of rigid bodies elastically mounted on an Euler-Bernoulli beam
Authors: Mizhidon A
Published: April 2021

The paper considers a generalized mathematical model of a class of mechanical systems, which represent systems of rigid bodies elastically mounted on an Euler-Bernoulli beam. This model has the form of a hybrid system of differential equations having a definite structure and describing the process of transfer (transition) of the system within the frames of some coordinated system chosen. On the basis of the generalized mathematical model, a generalized approach to finding the equilibrium position for mechanical systems, which belong to a given class of systems, in a chosen coordinate system has been proposed. The equilibrium position of a mechanical system is understood as the solution of a definite hybrid system of differential equations, furthermore, this solution does not change with time. The equilibrium position of a mechanical system within a given coordinate system allows one to proceed - by replacement of the variables - to consideration of the generalized mathematical model studied earlier and describing transfer of a system with respect to the equilibrium.
Dynamical control on the homotopy analysis method for solving nonlinear shallow water wave equation
Authors: Noeiaghdam L , Noeiaghdam S , Sidorov D
Published: April 2021

In this paper, the nonlinear shallow water wave equation is illustrated. The famous semi-analytical method, homotopy analysis method (HAM) is applied for solving this equation. The main novelty, of this study is to validate the numerical results using the stochastic arithmetic, the CESTAC method and the CADNA library. Based on this method, we can find the optimal iteration of the HAM, optimal approximation of the shallow water wave equation and optimal error. The main theorem of the CESTAC method is proved. Based on this theorem, we can show that the number of common significant digits for two successive approximations are almost equal to the number of common significant digits for exact and approximate solutions. Thus instead of traditional absolute error to show the accuracy of method we can apply the new termination criterion depends on two successive approximations. In order to find the convergence region of the HAM, several ħ-curves are demonstrated.
First and second order necessary optimality conditions for stochastic distributed systems
Authors: Mansimov K B , Mastaliyev R O
Published: April 2021

An optimal control problem of stochastic system, which that dynamics is described by hyperbolic type stochastic partial differential equations with a multipoint type quality criterion, is considered. A stochastic analog of the Euler equation is obtained and singular controls in the classical sense are investigated.
An optimal control problem by a first-order hyperbolic system with delay and integral control constraints
Authors: Poplevko V P , Arguchintsev A V
Published: April 2021

A non-classic optimality condition and numerical algorithm for smooth boundary control in semi-linear first-order hyperbolic system with delay are presented. An additional integral control constraint is considered. The suggested approach is based on special variations of admissible continuously differentiable controls. These variations lead to a necessary optimality condition which is a base for a numerical method. An illustrative example demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Numerical study of the optimal control problem for one model of potential distribution in a crystalline semiconductor with the Showalter–Sidorov condition
Authors: Vasiuchkova K V
Published: April 2021

The paper considers a mathematical model of potentials optimal distribution in a crystalline semiconductor. This model is based on the problem of optimal control of weak generalized solutions of the mathematical model of the potential distribution in a crystalline semiconductor with the Showalter–Sidorov condition. The theoretical results obtained by us earlier made it possible to develop an algorithm for a numerical method for finding an approximate one by solutions of the optimal control problem for the problem under study, based on the methods of decomposition, Ritz, penalty and Galerkin’s projection method. The results of a computational experiment are presented.
The formalization of building software system user segments using relational interactive logic
Authors: Naumov D A , Zakharov D V
Published: April 2021

This paper proposes an approach to formalizing the process of constructing segments of software system users by relational interactive logic. The segment description is specified as a system of logical equations and inequalities. The role of variables in such a system is played by relational terms, each of which represents some qualitative or quantitative characteristic of the user. To automatize this approach, a software solution architecture diagram is proposed, which provides the construction and interpretation of a system of logical equations.
A model of new information dissemination in the society: important area in the parameter space
Authors: Timofeev S V , Baenkhaeva A V
Published: April 2021

A basic mathematical model of new information dissemination in the society is constructed and studied in some of the important cases. The suggested model has been described using the system of four ordinary differential equations with quadratic nonlinearity in the right parts. Two stationary solutions which provide a quite logical interpretation for this system were found. The important area with interesting properties of stationary solutions was separated in the parameters’ space of the system. The global properties of a phase portrait of the constructed dynamic system were investigated by qualitative methods of the differential equations theory. The obtained results allowed to find one of possible scenarios of new information dissemination in the society.
Uncertainty and certainty relations for quantum coherence with respect to design-structured POVMs
Authors: Rastegin A E
Published: April 2021

The concept of quantum coherence and its possible use as a resource are currently the subject of active research. Uncertainty and complementarity relations for quantum coherence allow one to study its changes with respect to other characteristics of the process of interest. Protocols of quantum information processing often use measurements that have a special inner structure. Quantum designs are considered as tools with a perspective of fruitful applications in quantum information processing. We obtain uncertainty and certainty relations for coherence averaged with respect to a set of design-structured POVMs of rank one. To characterize the degree of coherence, the relative entropy of coherence is utilized. The derived relations are exemplified with quantum designs in the two-dimensional Hilbert space.
Simulation of the Tunka-Grande, TAIGA-Muon and TAIGA-HiSCORE arrays for a search of astrophysical gamma quanta with energy above 100 TeV
Authors: Ternovoy M , Kotovschikov I , Budnev N , Chiavassa A , Dyachok A , Gafarov A , Garmash A , Grebenyuk V , Gress O , Gress T , Grishin O , Grinyuk A , Horns D , Ivanova A , Kalmykov N , Kindin V , Kiryuhin S , Kokoulin R , Kompaniets K , Korosteleva E , Kozhin V , Kravchenko E , Krykov A , Kuzmichev L , Lagutin A , Lemeshev Y , Lubsandorzhiev B , Lubsandorzhiev N , Mirgazov R , Mirzoyan R , Monkhoev R , Osipova E , Pakhorukov A , Pan A , Panasyuk M , Pankov L , Petrukhin A , Poleschuk V , Popova E , Porelli A , Postnikov E , Prosin V , Ptuskin V , Pushnin A , Raikin R , Rubtsov G , Rybov E , Sagan Y , Samoliga V , Silaev A , Silaev Jr A , Sidorenkov A , Skurikhin A , Slunecka C , Sokolov A , Suvorkin Y , Sveshnikova L , Tabolenko V , Tanaev A , Tarashansky B , Tkachev L , Tluczykont M , Togoo R , Ushakov N , Vaidyanathan A , Volchugov P , Voronin D , Wischnevski R , Zagorodnikov A , Zhurov D , Yashin I
Published: April 2021

In the paper we present our simulation strategy of the Tunka-Grande, TAIGA-Muon, and TAIGA-HiSCORE arrays in the light of the problem of separation astrophysical high-energy gamma rays from the cosmic ray background. The paper contains a description of our simulation method, based on Geant4 and CORSIKA codes. We also present the prospect of future research with TAIGA (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic rays and Gamma Astronomy) with using the simulation results.
The mathematical model and assessment of the possibility of implementing the specified movements of a ground-effect vehicle in the vertical plane
Authors: Vshivkov Yu F , Krivel S M
Published: April 2021

Based on the analysis of the tasks of the initial stages of the ground-effect-vehicle design, this work proposes a complex of mathematical models, united by a single research goal. A simplified, partially linearized multi-parameter mathematical model of the aerodynamic characteristics of a ground-effect vehicle was developed and substantiated. The authors propose a method of pre-assessment of the stability of the ground-effect vehicle and calculation of the range of acceptable positions of the vehicle’s center of mass based on the requirements for the device stability and balancing characteristics. The method of calculating balancing parameters of the ground-effect vehicle layout is based on the definition of a particular solution of the differential equation system of the vertical movement of the ground-effect vehicle using elements of automatic control theory. The solution is formed by automatic regulation of the specified (controllable) parameters through changing the control factors of the differential equation system over time using PID controllers (a virtual “automatic control system”). The required level of control factors allows us to draw a conclusion about the validity of the specified position of the center of mass and the possibility of performing a specified movement of the ground-effect vehicle. The paper provides some modeling results.
Quantum-chemical description of interactions in the PhNH2/HCCH system in a superbasic medium
Authors: Absalyamov D Z , Vitkovskaya N M
Published: April 2021

The B2PLYP/6-311+G**//B3LYP/6-31+G* approach was applied to study the superbase-activated interaction of aniline molecule with three molecules of acetylene. The mechanism of the new cascade assembly of N-phenyl-2,5-dimethylpyrrole has been investigated and presented. It is shown that the cascade competes with the experimentally observed reaction of acetylene polymerization due to the comparable activation barriers of the rate-determining stages.
Assembly of 1H-pyrrole from cyclopentanone oxime and acetylene: a quantum-chemical model
Authors: Bobkov A S , Vitkovskaya N M
Published: April 2021

Quantum-chemical modeling of the mechanism of 1,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclo-penta[b]pyrrole assembly from cyclopentanone oxime and acetylene has been carried out. The kinetic and thermodynamic characteristics of all reaction stages are calculated. The computation results have revealed a fundamental possibility of 1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-cyclopenta[b]pyrrole formation via the Trofimov reaction.