bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The test-taking motivation of universitiy student: Validity and reliability study
Üniversite öğrencilerinin sınav motivasyonu: Öğrenci görüşü ölçeğinin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması
Authors: Kurbanoglu Namudar İzzet , Takunyacı Mithat
Published: June 2017

Tests are one of the most common evaluation methods used to assess student learning in the educational process. Therefore, it is important to examine the factors that can help students succeed in tests. The aim of this study is to examine the psychometric features of the Student Opinion Scale (SOS) developed by Wolf & Smith, revised by Sundre and Sundre & Finney in order to assess the universty student's the test-taking motivation on Turkish sample. The SOS consists of two subscales called “Importance” and “Effort” and 10 items. The Turkish form of the scale was applied to 300 students at the Faculty of Education. The studies of internal consistency, item and factor analysis and criterion cohesion validity were performed to examine the psychometric features of the scale. The values obtained from the internal consistency analyses of the scale were .72 for “Importance” subscale; .82 for “Effort” subscale and .74 in total, and it was shown that the scale has sufficient reliability levels. The results of analysis showed that the original two-factor structure of the scale is suitable for Turkish sample. So, it is thought that the scale is a valid and reliable tool to be used for determining the test motivation of the Turkish sample group.Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetSınavlar, eğitim sürecinde öğrenci öğrenmelerinin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan en yaygın değerlendirme yöntemlerinden birisidir. Bu nedenle, öğrencilerin sınavlarda başarılı olmasına yardımcı olabilecek faktörlerin incelenmesi önemli bir durumdur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin sınav motivasyonlarını ölçmek amacıyla Wolf ve Smith tarafından geliştirilen, Sundre, Sundre ve Finney tarafından revize edilen Öğrenci Görüşü Ölçeğinin (ÖGÖ) Türk örneklem üzerinde psikometrik özelliklerini incelemektir. Orijinal adı “The Student Opinion Scale” (SOS) olan ölçek, Önem (Importance) ve Çaba (Effort) olarak adlandırılan iki alt boyuttan ve 10 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin Türkçe formu, Eğitim Fakültesinde öğrenim gören 300 öğrenciye uygulanmıştır. Ölçeğin psikometrik özelliklerini inceleyebilmek amacıyla iç tutarlılık, madde analizi ve açımlayıcı faktör analizi ile doğrulayıcı faktör analizi çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri sonucunda orijinal ölçekte olduğu gibi ölçeğin iki faktörlü yapıya sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Ölçeğin Türkçe formu için Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı birinci alt boyut (Önem) için .72, ikinci alt boyut (Çaba) için .82 olarak bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin tamamı için Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı ise .74 olarak bulunmuştur. Yapılan analiz sonuçları, ölçeğin orijinal iki faktörlü yapısının Türk örneklem için uygun olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu durumda ölçeğin Türk örneklem grubunun sınav motivasyonlarının belirlenmesinde kullanılabilecek, geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olduğu söylenebilir.
Real-time motion prediction using the chromatic offset of line scan cameras
Authors: Pfaff Florian , Maier Georg , Aristov Mikhail , Noack Benjamin , Gruna Robin , Hanebeck Uwe D. , Längle Thomas , Beyerer Jürgen , Pieper Christoph , Kruggel-Emden Harald , Wirtz Siegmar , Scherer Viktor
Published: June 2017

State-of-the-art optical belt sorters commonly employ line scan
cameras and use simple assumptions to predict each particle's
movement, which is required for the separation process. Previously, we
have equipped an experimental optical belt sorter with an area scan
camera and were able to show that tracking the particles of the bulk
material results in an improvement of the predictions and thus also
the sorting process. In this paper, we use the slight gap between the
sensor lines of an RGB line scan camera to derive information about
the particles' movements in real-time. This approach allows improving
the predictions in optical belt sorters without necessitating any
hardware modifications.
CAD-basierter Workflow für den semi-automatischen Entwurf optischer Inspektionssysteme
Authors: Irgenfried Stephan , Wörn Heinz , Bergmann Stephan , Mohammadikaji Mahsa , Beyerer Jürgen , Dachsbacher Carsten
Published: June 2017

Während Computer-assistierte Inspektionsplanung (Computer Aided Inspection Planning, CAIP) für mechanische
Inspektionsaufgaben Stand der Technik ist, findet sie im Bereich von Entwurf und Umsetzung von Systemen der industriellen
Bildverarbeitung (IBV) noch keine breite Anwendung. Dieser Beitrag stellt ein Konzept und die beispielhafte
Implementierung vor, wie durch Anreicherung von STEP-CAD-Daten mit Oberflächeneigenschaften von Bauteilen und der
Einbettung von Toleranzangaben die Ausgangsbasis für eine semi-automatische Erstellung und Optimierung von
Konfigurationsvorschlägen für Bildverarbeitungssysteme in Interaktion mit einem Systemexperten erreicht wird.
Morphological and phenological reexamination of the threatened endemic species Gelidium canariense (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) from the Canary Islands
Authors: Alfonso Beatriz , Sangil Carlos , Sansón Marta
Published: June 2017

is a canopy-forming endemic macroalga from the Canary Islands. Vegetative and reproductive characteristics of all phases in its life cycle are examined. Key macromorphological features are its blackish color and the corymbose-to-subfastigiate branching pattern that differentiates
Protective coatings on zirconium-based alloys as accident-tolerant fuel (ATF) claddings
Authors: Tang Chongchong , Stueber Michael , Seifert Hans Juergen , Steinbrueck Martin
Published: June 2017

Surface-modified zirconium (Zr)-based alloys, mainly by fabricating protective coatings, are being developed and evaluated as accident-tolerant fuel (ATF) claddings, aiming to improve fuel reliability and safety during normal operations, anticipated operational occurrences, and accident scenarios in water-cooled reactors. In this overview, the performance of Zr alloy claddings under normal and accident conditions is first briefly summarized. In evaluating previous studies, various coating concepts are highlighted based on coating materials, focusing on their performance in autoclave hydrothermal corrosion tests and high-temperature steam oxidation tests. The challenges for the utilization of coatings, including materials selection, deposition technology, and stability under various situations, are discussed to provide some valuable guidance to future research activities.
Advance Microfluidic Approach over Conventional Batch and CTR for Improving the Efficiency of E-coli Cell Lysis by CuO Nanoparticles
Authors: Giri Nandagopal M. S. , Nakkeeran E. , Prasanna Venkatesh R. , Selvaraju N.
Published: June 2017

Interest in employing metal oxide nanoparticles as antimicrobial agents is growing. Among various nanoparticles, CuO nanoparticles (NP) has gained vast attention among researchers due to their unusual properties. Various studies has been reported on the antimicrobial activity of CuO NP on microbes. But, no studies can be found on designing suitable reactor for this system. In this study, conventional batch, continuous tubular reactor (CTR), and advanced microfluidic (MF) reactor systems were employed to carry out antimicrobial activity of CuO NP on E Coli..From the experimental results, we observe that minimum cell viability obtained in the batch reactor was about 48.6 %. CTR provided better contact between CuO NPs and E-Coli cells, hence cell viability of 45.3 % was obtained which is lesser than that of batch system. While, in the microfluidic system, when the contact between CuO NPs and E-Coli cells were increased by scaling down the diameter of the channels from 1,200 μm to 600 μm the efficiency of the cell lysis by CuO NP increased from 68.77 % to 95 %. This drastic improvement in cell lysis rates from batch to microchannel is attributed to high surface area to volume ratio and active internal circulation in microfluidic flows. Hence, microfluidic system, which operates at negligible gravity was found to be more efficient in carrying out microbial cell lysis using CuO NP nanoparticles.
Ranking ultimate teams using a Bayesian score-augmented win-loss model
Authors: Murray Thomas A.
Published: June 2017

Ultimate is a field sport played by two teams, each with seven players on the field. USA Ultimate administers nationwide leagues that consist of a regular season and post-season with Sectional, Regional, and National Championship tournaments. USA Ultimate ranks teams by applying an algorithm to the regular season results, and distributes the sixteen bids for the National Championship to the eight regions based on these rankings. Teams then compete at Regionals to earn the bids granted to their region. This article presents a novel score-augmented win-loss model for ranking Ultimate teams and distributing National Championship bids. The proposed approach facilitates predicting the placement of each qualifying team at the 2016 Club National Championships as well. The key innovations are the use of a pseudo-outcome called the win fraction that splits a win between the two teams based on the final score of their match, and a weighted quasi-likelihood function that facilitates discounting older results. The proposed approach is applied to the 2016 Club Division results. Rankings, bid allocations, and predictive placement probabilities are reported, as well as a comparative evaluation with the USA Ultimate algorithm, a win-loss model, and a point-scoring model.
Multicomponent Musculoskeletal Movement Assessment Tools: A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal of Their Development and Applicability to Professional Practice
Authors: Bennett Hunter , Davison Kade , Arnold John , Slattery Flynn , Martin Max , Norton Kevin
Published: June 2017

Bennett, H, Davison, K, Arnold, J, Slattery, F, Martin, M, and Norton, K. Multicomponent musculoskeletal movement assessment tools: a systematic review and critical appraisal of their development and applicability to professional practice. J Strength Cond Res 31(10): 2903–2919, 2017—Multicomponent movement assessment tools have become commonplace to measure movement quality, proposing to indicate injury risk and performance capabilities. Despite popular use, there has been no attempt to compare the components of each tool reported in the literature, the processes in which they were developed, or the underpinning rationale for their included content. As such, the objective of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive summary of current movement assessment tools and appraise the evidence supporting their development. A systematic literature search was performed using PRISMA guidelines to identify multicomponent movement assessment tools. Commonalities between tools and the evidence provided to support the content of each tool was identified. Each tool underwent critical appraisal to identify the rigor in which it was developed, and its applicability to professional practice. Eleven tools were identified, of which 5 provided evidence to support their content as assessments of movement quality. One assessment tool (Soccer Injury Movement Screen [SIMS]) received an overall score of above 65% on critical appraisal, with a further 2 tools (Movement Competency Screen [MCS] and modified 4 movement screen [M4-MS]) scoring above 60%. Only the MCS provided clear justification for its developmental process. The remaining 8 tools scored between 40 and 60%. On appraisal, the MCS, M4-MS, and SIMS seem to provide the most practical value for assessing movement quality as they provide the strongest reports of developmental rigor and an identifiable evidence base. In addition, considering the evidence provided, these tools may have the strongest potential for identifying performance capabilities and guiding exercise prescription in athletic and sport-specific populations.
Effect of Low-Volume High-Intensity Interval Exercise and Continuous Exercise on Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness in Untrained Healthy Males
Authors: Farias Junior Luiz F. , Browne Rodrigo A.V. , Frazão Danniel T. , Dantas Teresa C.B. , Silva Paulo H.M. , Freitas Rodrigo P.A. , Aoki Marcelo S. , Costa Eduardo C.
Published: June 2017

Farias Junior, LF, Browne, RAV, Frazão, DT, Dantas, TCB, Silva, PHM, Freitas, RPA, Aoki, MS, and Costa, EC. Effect of low-volume high-intensity interval exercise and continuous exercise on delayed-onset muscle soreness in untrained healthy males. J Strength Cond Res 33(3): 774–782, 2019—The aim of this study was to compare the effect of a single session of a low-volume high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and a continuous exercise (CE) on the magnitude of delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in untrained healthy males. Fifteen participants (25.1 ± 4.4 years) completed 2 experimental sessions in a randomized order: (a) low-volume HIIE: 10 × 60 seconds at 90% of maximal velocity (MV) interspersed with 60 seconds of active recovery at 30% of MV and (b) CE: 20 minutes at 60% of MV. Pressure-pain threshold (PPT), pressure-pain tolerance (PPTol), and perceived pain intensity (PPI) were assessed in the rectus femoris, biceps femoris, and gastrocnemius before and 24 hours after exercise. There was a decrease of PPT in the rectus femoris (−0.5 kg·cm−2) and PPTol in the gastrocnemius (−1.4 kg·cm−2) and an increase of PPI in the rectus femoris (14.4 mm) and in the biceps femoris (11.7 mm) 24 hours after the low-volume HIIE session (p ≤ 0.05). There was a decrease of PPT (rectus femoris: −0.8 kg·cm−2; biceps femoris: −0.5 kg·cm−2; gastrocnemius: −0.9 kg·cm−2) and PPTol (rectus femoris: −1.9 kg·cm−2; biceps femoris: −2.7 kg·cm−2; gastrocnemius: −1.6 kg·cm−2) and an increase of PPI (rectus femoris: 8.1 mm; biceps femoris: 10.3 mm; gastrocnemius: 17.5 mm) in all muscles 24 hours after the CE session (p ≤ 0.05). No difference was observed between HIIE and CE sessions in any DOMS-related parameter (p > 0.05). In conclusion, a single session of low-volume HIIE and CE elicited a similar mild DOMS 24 hours after exercise in untrained healthy males.
Editorial der HerausgeberInnen
Authors: Dobusch Leonhard , Mager Astrid , Tamesberger Dennis , Wöhl Stefanie
Published: June 2017

In der ersten Ausgabe des Jahres liefern die HerausgeberInnen einen Blick hinter die Kulissen von Momentum Quarterly und blicken zurück auf das vergangene sowie voraus auf das kommende Jahr.
Ein Konzept zur Mobilisierung einer kritischen Masse anhand der geschichtsphilosophischen Überlegungen von Walter Benjamin
Authors: Rehm Rafael
Published: June 2017

Im folgenden Artikel soll anhand der geschichtsphilosophischen Überlegungen von Walter Benjamin ein alternatives Konzept zum Habermasschen Verzicht auf eine Geschichtsphilosophie überhaupt herausgearbeitet werden, welches es erlaubt, historische Prozesse und somit die Bilder der Lebenswelt als Metaerzählung neu zu chiffrieren, um somit den Begriff des gesellschaftlichen Fortschritts neu zu verorten und ihn für die Mobilisierung einer kritischen Masse brauchbar zu machen. Es geht darum, eine Dialektik im gegenwärtigen Diskurs zu positionieren, die sich sowohl von einer geschichtspositivistischen Hegellektüre als auch von einer postmodernen Resignation unterscheidet. Im Weiteren geht es darum zu zeigen, warum eine solche Dialektik, die notwendigerweise zugleich Geschichtsphilosophie ist, für die Bedingung der Möglichkeit der Mobilisierung einer kritischen Masse konstitutiv ist.
Ostarrichislam. Gründe der korporatistischen Hereinnahme des Islams in der Zweiten Republik
Authors: Hafez Farid
Published: June 2017

Österreich ist als eines der wenigen westeuropäischen Länder bekannt für seine korporatistische Hereinnahme des Islams. Die ‚liberale‘ Islampolitik spiegelt sich etwa in der Tatsache wider, dass es in Österreich im Unterschied zu Deutschland, Belgien oder Frankreich zu keinem Kopftuchverbot gekommen ist. Bei der Begründung dieser ‚liberalen‘ Politik wird in der rechtswissenschaftlichen und politikwissenschaftlichen Literatur meist auf die gesetzliche Anerkennung des Islams im historischenIslamgesetz von 1912 verwiesen. Dieser Artikel testet zwei Theorien, warum es 1979 zu einer Genehmigung der Islamischen Glaubensgemeinschaft in Österreich als Körperschaft öffentlichen Rechts neben heute 15 anderen Kirchen und Religionsgesellschaften gekommen ist. Neben dem historischen Institutionalismus, der aufgrund der spezifisch historisch gewachsenen Staat-Kirche-Beziehungen im Zusammenhang mit dem Islam von Bedeutung zu sein scheint, wird die Theorie Politischer Möglichkeitsstrukturen zur Erklärung herangezogen. Der Artikel argumentiert, dass die Theorie der Politischen Möglichkeitsstrukturen erklärt, warum es 1979 zu einer Anerkennung kam, während die Theorie des historischen Institutionalismus erklärt, welcher Form diese Anerkennung war.
Integration und Desintegration qua Leistung – zu den Ambivalenzen eines zentralen Anerkennungsprinzips der modernen Gesellschaft
Authors: Dröge Kai
Published: June 2017

Der Beitrag verfolgt die These, dass das Leistungsprinzip in der Geschichte der modernen Gesellschaft immer sowohl integrierende als auch desintegrierende Wirkungen entfaltet hat. Dies liegt in der Unterbestimmtheit und den Ambivalenzen der grundlegenden Idee von Leistung begründet. Zu seiner konkreten Anwendung bedarf dieses Prinzip immer der Interpretation im Kontext einer je spezifischen historischen Situation – also politischer Aushandlungen, was als sozial anerkennungswürdige Leistungen gelten soll und Integrationschancen eröffnet. Dabei werden jedoch auch blinde Flecken produziert, die Leistungsbeiträge entwerten bzw. sozial unsichtbar machen. Dies hält die gesellschaftlichen „Kämpfe um Anerkennung“ (Axel Honneth) in Gang.Der Beitrag entfaltet diese Argumentation sowohl ideengeschichtlich-theoretisch als auch empirisch, basierend auf eigenen Forschungen zu aktuellen Deutungskonflikten rund um ‚Leistung‘ in der Erwerbsarbeit.
Relying on weak governments: Austrian trade unions and the politics of smoothed dualization
Authors: Rathgeb Philip
Published: June 2017

Austrian political actors have improved the protection of outsiders by expanding the coverage of labour rights, social security, and active labour market policy spending in the past two decades. The article attributes these ‘solidaristic’ traits of Austrian labour market policy change to the persistent reliance of weak governments on trade union support in the mobilisation of a durable consensus. When governments are internally divided and prone to reform deadlocks, they face a powerful incentive to share policy-making authority with the social partners. Despite a significant decline in power resources, the Austrian trade union confederation has therefore remained influential enough to compensate outsiders for growing economic uncertainty on a volatile labour market. To substantiate this claim empirically, the article draws on primary and secondary sources as well as interview evidence with policy-making elites.
Wodak (2015): The politics of fear
Authors: Falter Matthias
Published: June 2017

Book Review
FIPU (Hg.) (2016): Rechtsextremismus Band 2
Authors: Rosenberger Bettina
Published: June 2017

n/a
Martschukat/Stieglitz (Hg.) (2016): race&sex: Eine Geschichte der Neuzeit
Authors: Goetz Judith
Published: June 2017

n/a
Drei demokratische Inklusionsprinzipien
Authors: Bauböck Rainer
Published: June 2017

Wessen Interessen sollten in demokratischen Entscheidungen repräsentiert werden? Wessen Rechte sollten von demokratischen Regierungen geschützt werden? Wer hat Anspruch auf Bürgerschaft und Wahlrecht? Gegen die vorherrschenden normativen Demokratietheorien argumentiert dieser Diskussionsbeitrag, dass diese drei Fragen unterschiedliche Antworten verlangen. Demokratische Legitimität erfordert die Berücksichtigung der von einer Entscheidung negativ betroffenen Interessen, die Gewährleistung von gleichen Rechten und Einspruchsoptionen für alle Rechtsunterworfenen und Zugang zur Bürgerschaft für all jene, die genuine Bindungen zu einem bestimmten demokratischen Gemeinwesen haben.
Long-term mesoscale variability of modelled sea-ice primary production in the northern Baltic Sea
Authors: Tedesco Letizia , Miettunen Elina , An Byoung W. , Haapala Jari , Kaartokallio Hermanni
Published: June 2017

We describe a new ocean-sea ice-biogeochemical model, apply it to the Bothnian Bay in the northern Baltic Sea for the time period 1991–2007 and provide the first long-term mesoscale estimates of modelled sea-ice primary production in the northern Baltic Sea. After comparing the available physical and biogeochemical observations within the study area and the time period investigated with the model results, we show the modelled spatial, intra- and interannual variability in sea-ice physical and biogeochemical properties and consider the main factors limiting ice algal primary production. Sea-ice permeability in the studied area was low compared with the polar oceans, which appeared to be a major reason for the generally low primary production rates. Although the sea ice was less saline in the northernmost parts of the basin, these parts were characterized by sea ice with a larger amount of habitable space, higher levels of photosynthetically active radiation and increased macronutrient availability near the coast, which favoured higher algal growth rates. Other parts of the southern central basin were mostly co-limited by less favourable light conditions (i.e., earlier ice breakups associated with fewer sunlight hours) and lower seawater macronutrient concentrations than in the coastal zones. Although a change towards milder winters (i.e., reduced ice cover, thickness and length of the ice season) was previously detected on a half-century timescale and could partly be seen here, analysis of the temporal evolution of sea-ice biogeochemical properties showed no significant trends over time, though these properties were characterized by large interannual variability.
MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Aberrations of the X chromosome as cause of male infertility
Authors: Röpke Albrecht , Tüttelmann Frank
Published: June 2017

Male infertility is most commonly caused by spermatogenetic failure, clinically noted as oligo- or a-zoospermia. Today, in approximately 20% of azoospermic patients, a causal genetic defect can be identified. The most frequent genetic causes of azoospermia (or severe oligozoospermia) are Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY), structural chromosomal abnormalities and Y-chromosomal microdeletions. Consistent with Ohno’s law, the human X chromosome is the most stable of all the chromosomes, but contrary to Ohno’s law, the X chromosome is loaded with regions of acquired, rapidly evolving genes, which are of special interest because they are predominantly expressed in the testis. Therefore, it is not surprising that the X chromosome, considered as the female counterpart of the male-associated Y chromosome, may actually play an essential role in male infertility and sperm production. This is supported by the recent description of a significantly increased copy number variation (CNV) burden on both sex chromosomes in infertile men and point mutations in X-chromosomal genes responsible for male infertility. Thus, the X chromosome seems to be frequently affected in infertile male patients. Four principal X-chromosomal aberrations have been identified so far: (1) aneuploidy of the X chromosome as found in Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY or mosaicism for additional X chromosomes). (2) Translocations involving the X chromosome, e.g. nonsyndromic 46,XX testicular disorders of sex development (XX-male syndrome) or X-autosome translocations. (3) CNVs affecting the X chromosome. (4) Point mutations disrupting X-chromosomal genes. All these are reviewed herein and assessed concerning their importance for the clinical routine diagnostic workup of the infertile male as well as their potential to shape research on spermatogenic failure in the next years.
IGF1 potentiates the pro-inflammatory response in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells via MAPK
Authors: Wolters Thalijn Liliana Catharina , Netea Mihai Gheorghe , Hermus Adrianus Rudolfus Marinus Maria , Smit Johannes Willem Adriaan , Netea-Maier Romana Teodora
Published: June 2017

Acromegaly is characterized by growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) excess and is accompanied by an increased cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk. As innate immune responses are crucial in CVD development, and IGF1 is linked to subclinical inflammation, we hypothesized that GH/IGF1 excess contributes to CVD development by potentiating systemic inflammation. We aimed to assess the effects of GH/IGF1 on inflammatory cytokine production. Whole blood from acromegaly patients and healthy volunteers and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy volunteers were stimulated with Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands, with or without adding GH or IGF1 (in PBMC). Cytokine concentrations were measured by ELISA. The underlying signalling pathways were investigated by the inhibition of downstream targets of the IGF1 receptor. The following results were obtained. GH or IGF1 alone did not influence cytokine production in PBMCs. GH did not affect TLR-induced cytokine production, but co-stimulation with IGF1 dose dependently increased the TLR ligand-induced production of IL6 (P < 0.01), TNF alpha (P = 0.02) and IFNg (P < 0.01), as well as the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 (P = 0.01). IGF1 had no effect on IL1B, IL17 and IL22 production. Inhibition of the MAPK pathway, but not mTOR, completely abrogated the synergistic effect of IGF1 on the LPS-induced IL6 and TNF alpha production. In whole blood of acromegaly patients,ex vivoIL6 production was increased (P < 0.01). In conclusion, IGF1, but not GH, has pro-inflammatory effects, probably via the MAPK signalling pathway and might be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in acromegaly. The increased IL10 production possibly counteracts the pro-inflammatory effects.
The highly overlapping actions of Lh signaling and Fsh signaling on zebrafish spermatogenesis
Authors: Xie Yuxin , Chu Lianhe , Liu Yun , Sham Kathy W Y , Li Jianzhen , Cheng Christopher H K
Published: June 2017

Gonadotropin signaling plays a pivotal role in the spermatogenesis of vertebrates, but exactly how gonadotropins regulate the process in non-mammalian species remains elusive. Using a gene knockout approach in zebrafish, we have previously demonstrated the non-canonical action of gonadotropin signaling on spermatogenesis by analyzing four single mutant lines (lhb, lhr, fshb and fshr) and three double mutant lines (lhb;fshb, lhr;fshr and fshb;lhr). In this study, we further investigated the actions of gonadotropins on the testis by establishing three other double-mutant zebrafish lines (lhb;lhr, fshb;fshr and lhb;fshr). All lhb;lhr and fshb;fshr mutant males were fertile. Analysis on the gonadosomatic index and testicular histology in these lhb;lhr and fshb;fshr mutants demonstrated that Lh signaling and Fsh signaling could functionally compensate each other in the testis. Intriguingly, it was found that the lhb;fshr mutant male fish were also morphologically and histologically normal and functionally fertile, a phenomenon which could be explained by the cross-activation of Lhr by Fsh. We have demonstrated this cross-reactivity for the first time in zebrafish. Fsh was shown to activate Lhr using three different assay systems, in which Lh-Fshr activation was also confirmed. Taken together, we conclude that the action of Lh signaling and Fsh signaling is redundant in that either alone can support zebrafish spermatogenesis based on two observations. First, that either Lh signaling or Fsh signaling alone is sufficient to support male fertility. Second, that the two gonadotropin ligands could promiscuously activate both receptors. Apart from revealing the complexity of gonadotropin signaling in controlling male reproduction in zebrafish, this study also shed light toward a better understanding on the evolution of gonadotropin signaling in vertebrates from fish to mammals.
Metabolic and neuroprotective effects of dapagliflozin and liraglutide in diabetic mice
Authors: Millar Paul , Pathak Nupur , Parthsarathy Vadivel , Bjourson Anthony J , O’Kane Maurice , Pathak Varun , Moffett R Charlotte , Flatt Peter R , Gault Victor A
Published: June 2017

This study assessed the metabolic and neuroprotective actions of the sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in combination with the GLP-1 agonist liraglutide in dietary-induced diabetic mice. Mice administered low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) on a high-fat diet received dapagliflozin, liraglutide, dapagliflozin-plus-liraglutide (DAPA-Lira) or vehicle once-daily over 28 days. Energy intake, body weight, glucose and insulin concentrations were measured at regular intervals. Glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, hormone and biochemical analysis, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry densitometry, novel object recognition, islet and brain histology were examined. Once-daily administration of DAPA-Lira resulted in significant decreases in body weight, fat mass, glucose and insulin concentrations, despite no change in energy intake. Similar beneficial metabolic improvements were observed regarding glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, HbA1c and triglycerides. Plasma glucagon, GLP-1 and IL-6 levels were increased and corticosterone concentrations decreased. DAPA-Lira treatment decreased alpha cell area and increased insulin content compared to dapagliflozin monotherapy. Recognition memory was significantly improved in all treatment groups. Brain histology demonstrated increased staining for doublecortin (number of immature neurons) in dentate gyrus and synaptophysin (synaptic density) in stratum oriens and stratum pyramidale. These data demonstrate that combination therapy of dapagliflozin and liraglutide exerts beneficial metabolic and neuroprotective effects in diet-induced diabetic mice. Our results highlight important personalised approach in utilising liraglutide in combination with dapagliflozin, instead of either agent alone, for further clinical evaluation in treatment of diabetes and associated neurodegenerative disorders.
Excepción en la frontera. Laberintos legitimadores de la violencia soberana en los límites del Estado
Authors: Domenech de la Lastra Pablo
Published: June 2017

Hoy, en las fronteras de muchos países se están construyendo muros y vallas cuyo gran esfuerzo en mantener las migraciones bajo control no sólo se demuestra inútil, sino que redundan en un gran perjuicio económico y vital para las personas que intentan cruzar estas fronteras. Como respuesta al declive del poder nacional soberano debido a los procesos y estructuras globales, algunos Estados se están fortificando como forma de reclamar la forma tradicional de poder territorializado, orientado fundamentalmente a frenar a los migrantes globales. Pero la violencia que este fenómeno produce lleva a ciertas paradojas tanto respecto al desarrollo de las políticas internacionales como para la representación política de las soberanías nacionales. Analizamos aquí algunos de los síntomas de estas contradicciones, así como aquella que tomamos como causa desde el punto de vista del poder soberano.
El barbarismo de las masas visto desde la perspectiva de tres "pensadores de lo social": Gustave Le Bon, Georg Simmel y José Ortega y Gasset
Authors: Gutiérrez Eduardo Gutiérrez
Published: June 2017

Este artículo consiste en un análisis panorámico de las ideas que los “pensadores de lo social” Le Bon, Simmel y Ortega y Gasset tienen sobre la psicología de las masas o el comportamiento de las masas. En el estudio de las consecuencias que la adhesión a un grupo social produce en el alma o la mente individual, descubriremos que el alma social es intelectualmente inferior al alma individual; no obstante, todavía sigue abierto el debate acerca de la posible superioridad moral del alma de la masa. Este estudio resulta interesante porque ofrece una lectura global de la situación actual que se vive en las sociedades modernas. Finalmente planteo, en relación al aristocratismo orteguiano, el papel que ante el estado de cosas expuesto han de asumir las minorías de intelectuales.
Oposición y dicotomía: la deconstrucción y la hegemonía explicadas por las dualidades conceptuales de la filosofía
Authors: Altamirano Manuel
Published: June 2017

Comenzando desde la distinción derrideana entre el habla y la escritura, y su relación desigual, se define la tradición logocéntrica. Esta crea dos series de conceptos análogos entre sí,  series que están a su vez estructuradas como oposiciones mutuas, basadas en estos dos pilares o núcleos del habla (privilegiada), y la escritura (suplementaria). El logocentrismo conmina a una elección particular dentro de la estructura oposicional, protegiendo a una serie de conceptos. Tomando en cuenta los nuevos conceptos estructuralistas sobre la necesaria presencia de un mínimo de dos series heterogéneas, que se mueven en torno a una casilla vacía, para la conformación de una sistema –según lo expone Gilles Deleuze-, y considerando también la explicación del paso de las particularidades a las universalidades, tal como lo realiza la teoría de la hegemonía de Ernesto Laclau, mostramos que la lógica oposicional no puede sostenerse.
Repensando la interseccionalidad desde la teoría feminista
Authors: Sales Gelabert Tomeu
Published: June 2017

El objetivo del artículo es exponer de forma crítica el giro interseccional en los estudios de género y la teoría feminista contemporánea. Se parte del análisis del proyecto teórico de K. Crenshaw y los debates que ha generado. Se analiza el desarrollo del discurso de la interseccionalidad. Posteriormente se abordaran las críticas que se han hecho desde el feminismo posestructuralista y el feminismo marxista. Se concluye que el giro interseccional no es ni una teoría ni una perspectiva ni un paradigma teórico, sino un discurso, plural y diverso, sobre la realidad social. Se alerta de los riesgos y peligros de dicho discurso.
Politique y savant. Jean Bodin frente al desafío de la tolerancia
Authors: Tizziani Manuel
Published: June 2017

¿Qué actitud asumió Jean Bodin frente al conflicto confesional que asoló a Francia durante el siglo XVI? ¿Qué respuestas ofreció al desafío de la tolerancia? He ahí los interrogantes que guían nuestra indagación. Según nuestra tesis, en efecto, las respuestas de Bodin parecen haberse postulado principalmente en dos planos: el político y el filosófico. En el primero, el angevino habría intentado ofrecer mejores fundamentos jurídicos a la posición de los politiques, grupo de intelectuales que buscaba terciar entre hugonotes y católicos; en el segundo, habría propiciado el diálogo de los savants, únicos hombres capaces de deponer las pasiones a la hora de discutir sus diferencias religiosas. A través del análisis de dos importantes escritos del autor, Les six livres de la République (1576) y el Colloque entre sept savants (c.1593), buscaremos dar sustento a nuestra hipótesis de lectura.
A Duplicated, Truncated amh Gene Is Involved in Male Sex Determination in an Old World Silverside
Authors: Bej Dilip Kumar , Miyoshi Kaho , Hattori Ricardo S , Strüssmann Carlos A , Yamamoto Yoji
Published: June 2017

A master sex-determining gene, the Y chromosome-linked anti-Müllerian hormone (amhy) gene, has been described in two New World atheriniform species but little is known on the distribution, evolution, and function(s) of this gene in other Atheriniformes. Interestingly, amhy has been found to coexist with temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD), providing a unique opportunity to explore the interplay between genotypic and environmental sex determination. In this study, the search for an amhy homolog was extended to an Old World atheriniform, the cobaltcap silverside Hypoatherina tsurugae (Atherinidae). The full sequences, including the coding and noncoding regions, of the autosomal amh (amha) and a putative amhy were obtained. The deduced Amha and Amhy proteins comprised 511 and 340 amino acids (aa), respectively. PCR analysis with genomic DNA from wild adults and from laboratory-reared juveniles revealed a high, but not complete association of ∼95% between amhy and maleness. The spatiotemporal expression of amhy and amha during gonadal sex differentiation was analyzed by qRT-PCR and in situ hybridization (ISH). amhy transcription (in amhy-positive larvae) started before and peaked during histological differentiation of the gonads whereas amha was negligible during the same period in both genotypes. These results demonstrate that the amhy, although with some structural differences in relation to the amhy of some New World atheriniforms, is strongly associated with maleness and probably important for testicular development in this Old World atheriniform. Thus, amhy is a candidate sex determination gene in cobaltcap silverside and it will be key to scrutinize the mechanism of sex determination in this species.
Patterns of Genetic Structure and Linkage Disequilibrium in a Large Collection of Pea Germplasm
Authors: Siol Mathieu , Jacquin Françoise , Chabert-Martinello Marianne , Smýkal Petr , Le Paslier Marie-Christine , Aubert Grégoire , Burstin Judith
Published: June 2017

Pea (Pisum sativum, L.) is a major pulse crop used both for animal and human alimentation. Owing to its association with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, it is also a valuable component for low-input cropping systems. To evaluate the genetic diversity and the scale of linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay in pea, we genotyped a collection of 917 accessions, gathering elite cultivars, landraces, and wild relatives using an array of ∼13,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). Genetic diversity is broadly distributed across three groups corresponding to wild/landraces peas, winter types, and spring types. At a finer subdivision level, genetic groups relate to local breeding programs and type usage. LD decreases steeply as genetic distance increases. When considering subsets of the data, LD values can be higher, even if the steep decay remains. We looked for genomic regions exhibiting high level of differentiation between wild/landraces, winter, and spring pea, respectively. Two regions on linkage groups 5 and 6 containing 33 SNPs exhibit stronger differentiation between winter and spring peas than would be expected under neutrality. Interestingly, QTL for resistance to cold acclimation and frost resistance have been identified previously in the same regions.
OFICIALIAI NEBUVUSI: DRAU­DŽIAMOSIOS LITERATŪROS LAIKYMAS IR SKAI­TYMAS SOVIETINĖJE LATVIJOJE XX AMŽIAUS 8–9 DEŠIMTMETYJE (ANGLŲ K.)
Authors: Dreimane Jana
Published: June 2017

Tarybų Latvijoje (1940–1941, 1944–1990), kaip ir kitose komunistų okupuotose šalyse, kartu su oficialiai leidžiama žiniasklaida buvo platinami alternatyvūs informacijos šal­tiniai, tokie kaip draudžiami ir slapti leidiniai, kultūros ir intelektinio judėjimo atstovų darbai, kuriuos Sovietų valdžia aštriai kritikavo arba slėpė nuo visuomenės. Straipsnyje nagrinėjami literatūros, išleistos nepriklausomos Latvijos Respublikos laikotarpiu (1918–1940) ir uždraustos sovietmečiu, laikymo ir skaitymo aspektai. Nepaisant pirmuoju okupacijos dešimtmečiu (1944–1954) vykdyto nepriklausomos Latvijos literatūros kūrinių bibliocido (literatūros kūrinių išėmimas iš apyvartos, jų naikinimas dideliais kiekiais, tik riboto kiekvieno uždrausto leidinio egzempliorių skaičiaus laikymas didžiausiose mokslinėse bibliotekose), laikui bėgant prieiga prie šio laikotarpio spausdintinių darbų tapo len­gvesnė. XX amžiaus 8–9-ajame dešimtmetyje mokslininkams ir kvalifikuotiems specialistams buvo leidžiama gana laisvai naudotis knygomis ir periodiniais leidiniais, kurie saugomi trijose mokslinėse bibliotekose ir buvo vertinami kaip pasenę. Kiti šia literatūra besidomintys asme­nys galėjo jos įsigyti Rygos legaliose ir nelegaliose knygų prekyvietėse. Vis dėlto šių knygų kaina buvo gerokai didesnė nei vidutinė sovietinių knygų kaina. Kai kurie spaudiniai ar net ištisos kolekcijos buvo saugomos namų bibliotekose ir masinėse bibliotekose (taip sovietmečiu buvo va­dinamos viešosios bibliotekos). Deja, dėl visiško ir dalinio daugelio autorių draudimo ir šališko politinių, ekonominių ir literatūros procesų Tarybų Latvijoje interpretavimo, kurį pateikė so­vietų istorikai, didžioji visuomenės dalis negalėjo susidaryti tinkamo supratimo apie gyvenimą nepriklausomoje Latvijos valstybėje. Žinomi tik keli autoriai, kurių kūrybinis darbas prasidėjo antroje XIX amžiaus pusėje–XX amžiaus pradžioje arba kurių kūriniai buvo leidžiami sovietme­čiu. Siekiant įveikti šį žinių atotrūkį, XX amžiaus 9-ojo dešimtmečio pabaigoje Latvijoje prasidė­jus Nepriklausomybės sąjūdžiui, bibliotekos dėjo pastangų papildyti savo fondus šio laikotarpio literatūra. Vis dėlto iniciatyvas stabdė ribotas išlikusių egzempliorių skaičius – tai buvo ypač aktualu turint galvoje periodinius leidinius, plačiai skaitytus sovietmečiu. Šią problemą iš da­lies padeda spręsti didelio masto Latvijos kultūros paveldo skaitmeninimo procesas, prasidėjęs 1999 m. kartu su projektu „Paveldas 1: Latvijos periodinių leidinių išsaugojimas“.
Parenting Intervention at Age 11 and Cotinine Levels at Age 20 Among African American Youth
Authors: Chen Yi-fu , Yu Tianyi , Brody Gene H.
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVES:

This study was designed to test the hypothesis that African American preadolescents who participated in a family-centered parenting intervention at age 11 would show lower levels of cotinine, a biomarker for recent smoking, at age 20 than would similar participants in the control condition. The study was also designed to test the hypothesis that prevention-induced increases in supportive parenting would account for any prevention effects that emerged.

METHODS:

African American parents and their 11-year-old children in the rural southern United States were assigned randomly to the Strong African American Families program or to a control condition. Parents provided self-reported data on supportive parenting when the youth were 11 and 16 years of age. When the youth were 20 years of age, blood was drawn from which cotinine was assayed.

RESULTS:

Intervention program participants (M = 0.672, SD = 0.048) displayed significantly lower cotinine levels at age 20 years than did control participants (M = 0.824, SD = 0.059), P = .046. Mediation analyses confirmed that increases in supportive parenting accounted for intervention effects on smoking.

CONCLUSIONS:

We have demonstrated in this study that a randomized trial of a prevention program designed to enhance supportive parenting reduced cotinine levels among young African American adults. The developmentally appropriate family-centered intervention buffered the risk of smoking 9 years after program participation.
STRUCTURE OF FISH COMMUNITY AND REPRODUCTIYE BIOLOGY OF THREE INDIGENOUS SPECIES OF CYPRINIDS IN KEDUNGOMBO RESERVOIR
Authors: Kartamihardja Endi Setiadi
Published: June 2017

The study investigated the structure of fish community and the reproductive biology of three indigenous species of cyprinids, namely Puntius goninnofas (Bleeker), Puntius bramoid.es (Cuvier & Valenciennes) and Myetacoleucus marginatas (Cuvier & Valenciennes) in the Kedungombo Reservoir, Central Java.
The EFFECT OF SUBLETHAL CONCENTRATION OF LEAD ON DELTA-AMINOLEVULINIC ACID DEHYDRATASE ACTIVITY AND HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN THE JAVANESE CARP Puntius gonionotus (BLEEKER)
Authors: I Patimah
Published: June 2017

The activity of the erythrocyte delta-Aminolevulinie acid dehydratase (ALA-D) of carp, Puntius gonionotus, was measured under a variety of lead (Pb) exposure conditions.
DESCRIPTION OF THE SMALL SEINER FLEET IN THE JAVA SEA
Authors: J.M Ecoutin , Atmaja Suherman Banon , M Pottier , Wijopriono Wijopriono
Published: June 2017

Several census of fhe fishing units using mini seine nets were carried out in 1994 and1995. The first census, in October 1994, set the inquiry protocol.
PENGUASAAN ASET DAN STRUKTUR PEMBIAYAAN USAHA PENANGKAPAN IKAN TUNA MENURUT MUSIM YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Wijaya Rizki Aprilian , Huda Hakim Miftakhul , Manadiyanto Manadiyanto
Published: June 2017

Tulisan ini menyajikan struktur pembiayaan usaha penangkapan ikan tuna di Kota Bitung. Tujuan dari penulisan makalah ini adalah untuk mengetahui biaya investasi yang dibutuhkan, struktur pembiayaan usaha berdasarkan perbedaan musim ikan dan ukuran kapal, serta prospek pengembangan usaha. Penelitianmenggunakan metode survei. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara terhadap pemilik kapal. Analisis data menggunakan metode statistik deskriptif dan analisa finansial. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa biaya total armada tuna mengalami peningkatan pada saat musim paceklik dan penerimaan mengalami peningkatan pada saat musim puncak ikan. Ukuran kapal yang digunakan berhubungan positif dengan biaya total, penerimaan dan pendapatan usaha. Berdasarkan analisa kelayakan usaha, ukuran kapal < 5 GT lebih layak secara ekonomi dibandingkan dengan kapal berukuran 5 – 10 GT. Implikasi kebijakan yang disarankan adalah menciptakan iklim investasi yang baik untuk penangkapan ikan tuna dengan batasan ukuran kapal < 10 GT melalui skema kerjasama antara nelayan lokal dan investor yang berminat dengan prinsip bagi hasil yang adil. Title: Asset Acquisition and Financial Structure of Tuna Fishing According to Different SeasonThis paper presents the asset acquisition and financial structure of tuna fishing in the Bitung City. Purpose of this paper was to determine of the required investment costs and financing structure based on difference season and size of the vessel, as well as the prospects for business development. The research employs survey method. Data were collected by using interview techniques to a number of vessel owners. Data analysis uses descriptiv statistics method and financial analysis. Results of the analysis showed that total cost of the fleet has increased during bad season and revenues increased during peak season. Sizeof the vessels used were a positively associated with total cost, revenue and operating income. Based on feasibility analysis, vessel size of <5 GT was more economically viable than the vessel size of 5-10 GT. Policy implication suggested is to create a favorable investment climate environment for tuna fishing vessel size limit <10 GT through estabilismeant meat cooperative scheme between local fisher and investor according to the principle of equitable sharing
Social accountability in medical schools versus corporate social responsibility in businesses
Authors: Premkumar Kalyani , Premkumar James , Saxena Anurag
Published: June 2017

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Social accountability and social responsibility are key concepts in the world of healthcare and businesses respectively, and are often used interchangeably. Despite the similarity in meaning in English dictionaries, the definition, perception, and implementation of the two concepts are markedly different. In this article, we address the commonalities and differences to enable health professionals to address and utilize both concepts in an appropriate manner.