bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Status Mutu Air Waduk Penjalin Berdasarkan Parameter Fisika-Kimia Menggunakan Metode Storet dan Indeks Pencemaran
Authors: Handayani Anik Maulia Tri , Samudra Sesilia Rani , Hidayati Nuning Vita , Sarasati Wulandari
Published: March 2024

In the vicinity of Penjalin Reservoir there are residential areas, eateries, livestock farms, rice fields, and floating net cages. These activities have the potential to lead to a decline in water quality of Penjalin Reservoir due to the direct discharge of waste into the water body. Therefore, research on the water quality status of Penjalin Reservoir is necessary as a means of monitoring water quality in the reservoir. This research aims to determine the water quality status of Penjalin Reservoir using the Storet and the Pollution Index Methods. The research method employed is a survey method, with the selection of sampling points carried out through purposive random sampling, comprising nine stations. Water quality data are analyzed descriptively and compared to the water quality standards for lakes and similar bodies of water, as outlined in the Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. Subsequently, the water quality status is determined using the Storet and the Pollution Index Methods, as per the Minister of Environment Decision No. 115 of 2003. The results indicate that the water quality status of Penjalin Reservoir, when used for various purposes ranging from Class 1 to Class 3 according to the Storet Method, falls within the heavily polluted category. However, according to the Pollution Index Method, it is categorized as slightly polluted. Nevertheless, Penjalin Reservoir still meets the water quality standards when utilized for agricultural irrigation.
Strategy adaptif pengelolaan sumber daya perairan berkelanjutan di tengah perubahan iklim
Authors: Jabbar Faris Abdul , Setiawati Ani , Laela Maulida Nur , Pramono Taufik Budhi , Abida Indah Wahyuni
Published: March 2024

Fenomena terjadinya perubahan iklim di dunia merupakan sebuah keniscayaan. Akibat perubahan iklim tentunya akan berdampak besar pada pengelolaan sektor perikanan baik budidaya maupun tangkap. Kajian pengelolaan sumberdaya perairan akibat dampak perubahan iklim menjadi tujuan dalam penelitian ini.  Metode penelitian yang diterapkan yaitu deskriptif kualitatif menelusuri kepustakaan dan menganalisis dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data. Strategi adaptasi nelayan berupa transfer iptek/sosialisasi tentang perubahan iklim dan dampaknya, inovasi teknologi budidaya berupa smart aquaculture dan alat tangkap berupa pemanfaatan sistem informasi penangkapan, dan mengatur pemberian izin kepada perusahaan perikanan atau daerah penangkapan ikan dengan sebaik-baiknya.
Karakter Morfologi dan Morfometrik Kerang Hotate pada Stadia Berbeda di Teluk Funka, Hokkaido, Jepang
Authors: Listiowati Emyliana
Published: March 2024

Teluk Funka terletak di Jepang bagian utara di mana kondisi lingkungan di daerah tersebut sesuai bagi pertumbuhan kerang hotate. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui karakter morfologi dan morfometrik kerang hotate pada stadia berbeda di Teluk Funka, Hokkaido, Jepang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan karakteristik morfologi utama kerang hotate pada stadia juvenil dan dewasa meliputi bentuk cangkang stadia juvenil lebih bulat dibandingkan dengan stadia dewasa, garis pertumbuhan pada stadia juvenil belum terlihat dibandingkan dengan stadia dewasa, warna permukaan dalam cangkang kerang juvenil lebih putih dibandingkan dengan stadia dewasa, bekas perlekatan otot adduktor stadia juvenil lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan stadia dewasa. Sedangkan karakter morfometrik kerang hotate pada stadia juvenil dan dewasa meliputi pengukuran panjang, tinggi, dan tebal di mana ukuran panjang cangkang stadia juvenil hampir enam kali dari tebal, sedangkan ukuran panjang cangkang stadia dewasa lima kali dari tebal untuk melakukan adaptasi dengan lingkungannya.
For True Humanity: Harmonization of Islamic Law and Human Rights Towards Universal Justice
Authors: Karimullah Suud Sarim
Published: March 2024

This study aims to analyze the challenges and potentials in harmonizing Islamic law and Human Rights to achieve universal justice. The research method used is library research with a descriptive-analytical approach. Literature analysis was conducted to understand the concepts and principles of Islamic law and human rights and the challenges and opportunities associated with harmonizing the two. The results show that harmonizing Islamic law and human rights can contribute significantly to achieving universal justice. This harmonization requires an awareness of the importance of protecting individual rights and universal justice and the recognition of internationally recognized human rights principles. In Indonesia, a country with a majority Muslim population, harmonization between Islamic law and human rights must be done by considering the high religious and cultural diversity. There need to be contextualization efforts with national legal systems and policies that support protecting individual rights fairly and inclusively. The role of state institutions, such as courts, legislatures, and law enforcement agencies, is also important in encouraging the implementation of harmonization in line with the principles of universal justice.
National Burden of Injury and Deaths From Shootings by Police in the United States, 2015‒2020
Authors: Ward Julie A. , Cepeda Javier , Jackson Dylan B. , Johnson Odis , Webster Daniel W. , Crifasi Cassandra K.
Published: March 2024

Objectives. To describe all-outcome injurious shootings by police and compare characteristics of fatal versus nonfatal injurious shootings nationally.

Methods. From July 2021 to April 2023, we manually reviewed publicly available records on all 2015–2020 injurious shootings by US police, identified from Gun Violence Archive. We estimated injury frequency, case fatality rates, and relative odds of death by incident and victim characteristics.

Results. A total of 1769 people were injured annually in shootings by police, 55% fatally. When a shooting injury occurred, odds of fatality were 46% higher following dispatched responses than police-initiated responses. Injuries associated with physically threatening or threat-making behaviors, behavioral health needs, and well-being checks were most frequently fatal. Relative to White victims, Black victims were overrepresented but had 35% lower odds of fatal injury when shot.

Conclusions. This first multiyear, nationwide analysis of injurious shootings by US police suggests that injury disparities are underestimated by fatal shootings alone. Nonpolicing responses to social needs may prevent future injuries.

Public Health Implications. We call for enhanced reporting systems, comprehensive evaluation of emerging reforms, and targeted investment in social services for equitable injury prevention. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(4):387–397. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307560 )
Inequities in Conversion Practice Exposure at the Intersection of Ethnoracial and Gender Identities
Authors: Tran Nguyen K. , Lett Elle , Flentje Annesa , Ingram Shalonda , Lubensky Micah E. , Dastur Zubin , Obedin-Maliver Juno , Lunn Mitchell R.
Published: March 2024

Objectives. To examine inequities in conversion practice exposure across intersections of ethnoracial groups and gender identity in the United States.

Methods. Data were obtained from The Population Research in Identity and Disparities for Equality Study of sexual and gender minority people from 2019 to 2021 (n = 9274). We considered 3 outcomes: lifetime exposure, age of first exposure, and period between first and last exposure among those exposed to conversion practices. We used log-binomial, Cox proportional hazards, and negative binomial models to examine inequities by ethnoracial groups and gender identity adjusting for confounders. We considered additive interaction.

Results. Conversion practice prevalence was highest among minoritized ethnoracial transgender and nonbinary participants (TNB; 8.6%). Compared with White cisgender participants, minoritized ethnoracial TNB participants had twice the prevalence (prevalence ratio = 2.16; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.62, 2.86) and risk (hazard ratio = 2.04; 95% CI = 1.51, 2.69) of conversion practice exposure. Furthermore, there was evidence of a positive additive interaction for age of first exposure.

Conclusions. Minoritized ethnoracial TNB participants were most likely to recall experiencing conversion practices.

Public Health Implications. Policies banning conversion practices may reduce the disproportionate burden experienced by minoritized ethnoracial TNB participants. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(4):424–434. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307580 )
Effectiveness of Acupressure on Emesis Gravidarum in the First Trimester Pregnant Women
Authors: Indah Indah Elizabeth , Dinengsih Sri , Kundaryanti Rini
Published: March 2024

Emesis gravidarum is nausea and vomiting that can cause dehydration and drastic weight loss that occurs in the first trimester of pregnancy. Acupressure on PC point 6 serves to control the function of the cerebral cortex through the nervous system that inhibits or reduces the nausea vomiting response. Objective: This study was to determine the effectiveness of acupressure on vomiting in first trimester pregnant women at the Karanggan Medika Clinic Gungung Putri Bogor in 2023. Research Methods: This study used a quasi-experiment design with pre test and post test design with control group. Sampling using purposive sampling technique with 28 respondents. The instrument used was Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis and Nausea (PUQE)-24 assessing the level of emesis gravidarum with scores ≤6 to ≥13. Results: Based on the results of non-parametric statistical analysis, namely by using the Mann Whitney test, the P-value is 0,001 (0,05) which means that there is a significant difference in first trimester pregnant women who are given the intervention with those who are not given the intervention. And the results of the Wilcoxon test P-value 0,001 (0,05), namely there is an effect of giving acupressure to emesis gravidarum in first trimester pregnant women at the Karanggan Medika Clinic Gunung Putri Bogor in 2023. Suggestion: It is expected for first trimester pregnant women who experience emesis gravidarum to apply acupressure as a therapy that can overcome nausea and vomiting during first trimester pregnancy.
Welding And Maintenance Factory Work Tools
Authors: Pahlewi Muchamad Reysa , Akbar Ali
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The welding process is widely used to join metals. However, there are still many welders who have not mastered welding techniques that comply with the standards set by welding associations. This research was conducted to find out how the welding process and maintenance of factory work tools works. Research begins by identifying machine damage or factory equipment damage. Once the damage is known, repairs are then carried out on the damaged machine. The results of research regarding welding and maintenance of factory work equipment show that damaged factory equipment must receive regular inspection and maintenance. Factors that cause damage to factory work equipment are human error, lack of diligent cleaning of industrial work tools, and can also be caused by the age of industrial machines. Keywords – Damage; Welding; Maintenance

Abstrak. Proses pengelasan banyak digunakan untuk menyambung logam-logam. Akan tetapi tidak banyak juru las yang belum menguasai teknik pengelasan sesuai standart yang ditetapkan oleh asosiasi pengelasan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses pengelasan dan perawatan alat-alat kerja pabrik. Penelitian diawali dengan mengidentifikasi kerusakan pada mesin atau kerusakan alat-alat pabrik. Setelah diketahui kerusakannya, selanjutnya dilakukan perbaikan pada mesin yang rusak. Hasil penelitian dari pengelasan dan perawatan alat kerja pabrik menunjukkan bahwa alat pabrik yang sudah mengalami kerusakan harus mendapatkan pemeriksaan dan perawatan secara rutin. Faktor penyebab kerusakan pada alat-alat kerja pabrik dikarenakan adanya human error atau kesalahan manusia, kurang rajin membersihkan alat-alat kerja industri, dan juga bisa disebabkan karena usia mesin industri sudah tua. Kata Kunci – Kerusakan; Pengelasan; Perawatan
Website-Based "Inventory Of Goods" Information System For Infrastructure Facilities At Smks Antartika 2 Sidoarjo
Authors: Tubira Muchamad Firmansyah , Suprianto
Published: March 2024

SMK Antartika 2 Sidoarjo is an educational institution that has received support from the Education Office as an Industrial Revolution 4.0 school. SMK Antartika 2 Sidoarjo needs to take advantage of technological advances. School infrastructure is very important for the process of education, monitoring and effective inventory management. Therefore, researchers built an information system "Inventory of Goods" that can be accessed via the internet for school infrastructure. This research method uses the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) waterfall model approach to build a web-based "Item Inventory" information system. SMK Antartika 2 Sidoarjo requires further information system improvements along with the development of institutions and the need for more sophisticated inventory management, so that input and storage are no longer carried out manually so that decision making can be done quickly and accurately. The program has achieved success by implementing a web-based "Item Inventory" Information System in schools. The result is that the implementation of this system has improved the efficiency, transparency, and effectiveness of overall inventory management.
Manufacturing of Roll Conveyors
Authors: Herwanto Ion Sheren Dheril , Akbar Ali
Published: March 2024

Field work practice is a form of educational and vocational implementation that is participated in by students. Practical work aims to prepare students to become productive people and can work directly in their respective fields. Students can also experience the production atmosphere and can help deal with several problems experienced by professional engineering in factories. Conveyor systems can be said to be part of the equipment mechanics that transport materials from one place to another. This system is useful when goods need to be transported and moved from one place to another. Its existence makes the process easier, faster and more comfortable. In various industries, conveyors are very important. This system is designed to withstand heavy workloads and extreme weather conditions. The ability to adjust certain angles to help move materials. Design is divided into two, namely planning and conceptualizing. Planning this research focused on designing the conveyor for the can and plastic bottle waste sorting machine, then the consumer needs for the conveyor for the can and plastic bottle waste sorting machine were arranged as follows: a) The conveyor is easy to operate. b) Does not endanger the operator. c) Easy maintenance. d) Energy efficient conveyor from carrying out practical field work at CV. According to Agung Widodo's source, it can be concluded as follows: Industrial Automation or Industrial Automation is basically technology related to the application of mechanical, electronic and computer-based information systems to operate and control production. Key words: conveyor, roll, as roll.
Goss Community Offset Machine Wiring Panel Image (Paper)
Authors: Rossoleh Andriyan Herqi , Wisaksono Arief
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Review control activities, especially reducing the quality of printouts on Goss Community offset machines, are one of the quality control parameters carried out by each company. The Goss Community offset machine panel itself is usually equipped with various buttons, settings and monitors that allow the operator to control various print parameters, such as print speed, starting and stopping the machine, and so on. In this article we discuss the understanding of the components of the Goss Community offset machine panel and drawing the wiring panel of the Goss Community offset machine itself. The process of drawing the offset machine panel wiring is done by drawing the monitor panel and drawing the wiring from the PWM control, to study the offset panel. from drawing wiring in AutoCAD to assembly. And understanding of components such as MCB, contractor, power supply, relay, pwm, plc, scr, diode, busbar. Drawing components using AutoCAD allows a better understanding of their design and functionality.Keywords - Quality, Parameters, wiring drawing, components Web Offset Goss Community
Nanotechnology: A New Era of Incredible Developments in the Field of Dentistry
Authors:   Department of Oral Pathology, Baqai Dental College, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan., Anjum Angabeen
Published: March 2024

The science and engineering that is conducted at the nanoscale is termed nanotechnology. In this, the materials that are used have components smaller than 100 nm in at least one dimension. Such materials are called nanomaterials and may include clusters, fibers, grains, nanoholes, or a combination of these forms. The surface area of such particles is increased and as a result, the material’s chemical, physical as well as optical properties get improved [1]. Nanotechnology is emerging as an interdisciplinary field and has brought about a remarkable paradigm shift in medicine and dentistry [2].
Determinants of Partial Stone Clearance after Mini-PCNL in the Pediatric Population
Authors:   Department of Paediatric Urology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT), Karachi, Pakistan., Jat Javed Altaf ,   Department of Urology, Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore, Pakistan., Azad Muhammad Murtaza ,   Department of Urology, SHED Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan., Raza Syed Daniyal ,   Department of Urology, Tabba Kidney Institute, Karachi, Pakistan.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Background: The prevalence of renal stones in pediatric population is increasing in Pakistan, to minimize the adverse outcomes of renal stone disease accurate diagnosis and proper management is necessary. Objective: This study aim to evaluate the risk factors of partial stone clearance after mini-PCNL in the pediatric population of Pakistan. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study conducted at Godhra Hospital, Karachi, during 2021, patients diagnosed with single or multiple renal stones requiring PCNL were enrolled in the study, Guy’s stone score was used as a prediction method for complete clearance. SPSS version 22 was used to analyze the data, chi-square test was used to assess the significance of the data keeping a p-value ≤0.05 as significant. The risk estimation was analyzed with the help of the odds ratio test. Result: A total of 234 participants with mean age of 6.4 ± 4.8 years were enrolled. Stone clearance was reported 203 (86.7%) and 31 (13.2%) residual fragments. 09 (3.8%) out of the residual stone group needed intervention for complete clearance while the remaining were reported as stone free after 4 weeks with METs. The mean residual stone size was 0.7 ± 0.3, upon assessing the determinants maximum patients had Staghorn (> 4) cms stone size with 7 (2.9%) of patients out of 13 (5.5%). The odds of having partial clearance were reportedly positive with 2.34 in staghorn ≥ 4cms stone size and 1.62 in Grade IV Guy’s stone score. Conclusion: Stone size ≥ 4.0 cm and staghorn calculi present in all calyces are independent risk factors for partial stone clearance after Mini-PCNL.
Tumefactive Multiple Sclerosis: A Mimicker of Intracranial Space-Occupying Lesions
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan., Ghoauri Muhammad Sohail Ajmal , Butt Nauman Ismat ,   Department of Medicine & Allied, Azra Naheed Medial College, Superior University Lahore, Pakistan., Qaisar Fahad ,   Department of Medicine, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan., Rasheed Muhammad Bilal` ,   Department of Medicine & Allied, Azra Naheed Medial College, Superior University Lahore, Pakistan., Luqman Shoaib ,   Department of Neurology, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan., Ali Sabir ,   Department of Neurology, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: A chronic disease of CNS, Multiple sclerosis is characterized by inflammation and demyelination with axonal injury affecting upper motor neurons of brain or spinal cord. Tumefactive multiple sclerosis is a rare form of MS which mimics intracranial tumor-like space-occupying lesions on radiography. A 25-year old gentleman presented 2-month history of gradual onset difficulty in walking, slurring of speech and double vision. The patient had an ataxic gait accentuated by tandem walking with tendency to fall towards right and a negative Romberg’s sign. There was dysarthria and signs of cerebellar lesion present on the right side. Muscle tone was normal in upper limbs but increased (spasticity) in lower limbs bilaterally. Power was normal but deep tendon reflexes were exaggerated in all 4 limbs with bilateral up-going plantar reflex. MRI scan of the brain demonstrated tumour-like tumefactive lesions in the right cerebellum, right pons and the left subcortical region with no post-contrast enhancement of these lesions. MRI of whole spine demonstrated subtle hyperintense signals in the cervical spine. He had a past history of transverse myelitis 2 years ago with full clinical recovery with oral steroids. He was diagnosed with Tumefactive Multiple Sclerosis and started on corticosteroid therapy resulting in dramatic improvement.
Hiperrealitas dan Krisis Identitas Manusia Post-Modern
Authors: Adawiyah Rabiatul , Indra Indra
Published: March 2024

Postmodern adalah masa perubahan budaya yang terjadi akibat perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi informasi. Era postmodern yang merupakan era berbagai perspektif media baru cenderung mengaburkan perbedaan antara realitas dan fantasi (simulacra). Masyarakat postmodern menghadapi perkembangan teknologi informasi, khususnya teknologi internet atau cyberspace. Internet dipandang sebagai second self atau diri kedua bagi masyarakat sebagai wadah untuk mempresentasikan diri. Peran internet telah membentuk pola perilaku dalam kehidupan masyarakat.
Variation in polyphenolics, bioactive compounds and nutrients in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) after exposure to copper and copper oxide nanoparticles: Implications for use of nanofertilizers in agriculture.
Authors: Karmous Inès , Kadri Oumaima , Rahmani Rami , Chaoui Abdelilah , Debouba Mohamed , Lachiheb Belgacem , Bouhamda Talel , Mabrouk Mahmoud , Sheehan David
Published: March 2024

Possible risks of nanofertilizer-mediated agriculture were assessed by studying the effects of copper and copper oxide nanoparticles (Cu NP and CuO NP) on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seedlings. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry revealed qualitative and quantitative changes in the main phytochemicals. Cu NP and CuO NP caused depletion of several phenolic acids and flavonoids, which may reduce the antioxidant potential of foods derived from barley. An additional effect noted was a deficiency in some bioactive materials such as volatile organic compounds. In addition, an imbalance of essential mineral levels may alter biochemical and physiological functions in diets featuring barley. Effects on nutrients were complex. Some were nanoparticle-specific, some were common to both nanoparticles and some were associated with metallic copper becoming bioavailable. Alteration of nutritional quality, added to the accumulation of toxic cupric ions and hazards associated with the induction of oxidative stress raise some concerns about use of Cu and CuO based nanofertilizers.
Waste reintroduced in the kitchen: life cycles inventories of representative waste-to-nutrition pathways
Authors: Javourez U. , Tituta-Barna L. , Hamelin L.
Published: March 2024

Transforming residual streams into novel ingredients such as insects, microorganisms, or protein extracts, is increasingly promoted to mitigate global environmental impacts. Yet, to unambiguously quantify the potential environmental benefits and implications of scaling these conversion pathways, a comparative assessment framework is missing. To this end, we propose a common life cycle inventory (LCI) modeling strategy to forecast the performances of 16 representative “waste-to-nutrition” pathways according to 18 input streams characteristics and 293 technological parameters. Analyzed over eleven contrasted case studies, proposed LCI models not only allow to compute the untapped potential of waste-to-nutrition pathways, but also unravel trade-offs between production yields, energy requirements, and input streams composition. We show that scaling novel waste-based proteins production pathways could totally offset French protein feed imports, provided substantial adaptation of energy systems and mobilization of biomass resources. Based on in-depth literature review and data collection, proposed LCI modelling approach is expandable to the broader set of waste recovery technologies, and can support the design of sustainable circular bioeconomy strategies.
Prognostic nomogram for cholangiocarcinoma after immunotherapy
Authors: Chen Chao , Shi Zhan , Chu Xiaoyuan , Liu Hong , Chen Ao , Zhou Mingzhen , Zhou Ziyan , Zhang Juan , Zhao Yan , Shen Jie , Liu Baorui , Liu Xiufeng
Published: March 2024

Purpose: We aim to establish a convenient and effective prognostic nomogram for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patients receiving immunotherapy, and to further help the selection of individualized treatment regimens.
Patients and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological and follow-up data of CCA patients who underwent immunotherapy from January 2020 to December 2022 at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital and Jinling Hospital. The univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to assess the relationship between variables and survival data. A novel prognostic nomogram was established, and the discrimination ability, accuracy, and clinical applicability of the nomogram were measured by concordance index (C-index), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results： A total of 60 patients were enrolled in this study. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified that liver metastasis, surgery, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) were independent prognostic factors for CCA patients after immunotherapy. The nomogram was then established based on the above factors, the C-index of nomogram was 0.814 [(95% confidence interval (CI): 0.720-0.908)], the area under the curve (AUC) values in the 6, 9, and 12 months were 0.870 (95% CI: 0.760-0.979), 0.882 (95% CI: 0.769-0.996), and 0.902 (95% CI: 0.769-0.996), respectively. Calibration curves showed good consistency between the nomogram predicted and actual observed, and DCA further suggested good clinical applicability of the nomogram.
Conclusion: The nomogram we established showed good performance in predicting survival benefits in patients with CCA after immunotherapy. This prognostic model may help us to select individualized treatment.
Neuronal alterations in AKT isotype expression in schizophrenia
Authors: McCullumsmith Robert , Imami Ali , Eby Hunter , Hamoud Abdul-rizaq , Ryan William , Sahay Smita , Arvay Taylen , O'Donovan Sinead , Asah Sophie , Golchin Hasti , Joyce Alex , Walss-Bass Consuelo , Shedroff Elizabeth , Devine Emily
Published: March 2024

Schizophrenia is characterized by substantial alterations in brain function, and previous studies suggest insulin signaling pathways, particularly involving AKT, are implicated in the pathophysiology of the disorder. This study demonstrates elevated mRNA expression of AKT1-3 in neurons from schizophrenia subjects, contrary to unchanged or diminished total AKT protein expression reported in previous postmortem studies, suggesting a potential decoupling of transcript and protein levels. Sex-specific differential AKT activity was observed, indicating divergent roles in males and females with schizophrenia. Alongside AKT, upregulation of PDPK1, a critical component of the insulin signaling pathway, and several protein phosphatases known to regulate AKT were detected. Moreover, enhanced expression of the transcription factor FOXO1, a regulator of glucose metabolism, hints at possible compensatory mechanisms related to insulin signaling dysregulation. Findings were largely independent of antipsychotic medication use, suggesting inherent alterations in schizophrenia. These results highlight the significance of AKT and related signaling pathways in schizophrenia, proposing that these changes might represent a compensatory response to a primary defect of conical insulin signaling pathways. This research underscores the need for a detailed understanding of these signaling pathways for the development of effective therapeutic strategies.
Proximate Composition, Antioxidant Activity, Lipids and Elemental Profiling of Argan, Almond, Sesame, Nigella, Soybean and Sunflower Oil Press Cakes Reveal a Great Potential of Valorization
Authors: Hallouch Otmane , Ibourki Mohamed , Devkota Krishna Prasad , Majourhat khali , Gharby Said
Published: March 2024

Purpose : The oil industry generates substantial quantities of oilcake. These residues are traditionally used in many domains for multiple purposes. In order to explore other potential uses of these by-products, a comprehensive physicochemical characterisation was conducted.
Methods : The analysis encompassed various parameters, including mineral profiling, protein content, fiber content, fatty acid composition, sterol content, total polyphenol, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity in argan, almond, sesame, nigella, sunflower, and soybean press cake.
Results : Results indicated that potassium (K), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and sodium (Na) constituted the primary mineral elements in the studied oilcake. Regarding protein content, argan and soybean press cakes contained the highest level of 45.90±0.10 and 44.85±1.10 g/100g, respectively, while nigella and sunflower press cakes had the lowest protein content of 25.62±1.99 and 26.43±2.06 g/100g, respectively. The fatty acid composition revealed that the residual oils extracted could present beneficial properties, as they are rich in unsaturated fatty acids. Nigella press cake oil has a high oleic acid content (67.65%), while Sunflower press cake oil is richest in linoleic acid (54.17%). Sunflower press cake outperformed in total phenolic and flavonoid content, with registered values of 9.82 mg GAE/g and 15.44 mg QE/g, respectively. Additionally, sunflower press cake demonstrated the highest DPPH and FRAP antioxidant activity, and the values were 34.05 and 8.90 mg AAE/g, respectively.
Conclusion : The findings suggest that oilcake could be considered as a rich nutrient source and their extracts exhibit substantial potential for added value, warranting focused attention in future research and development.
The effects of inducible defenses on population stability in Paramecium aurelia
Authors: McClure Catherine M , Hancey Kayla , Hammill Edd
Published: March 2024

Predator-Prey dynamics have been studied across many different systems over the past 80 years. The outcomes of this past research have yielded useful theoretical and empirical models of predator-prey systems. However, what stabilizes predator-prey dynamics is often debated and not well understood. One proposed stabilizing mechanism is that the inducible defenses of prey decrease predation risk by creating a prey population that is invulnerable to predation, leading to a reduction in trophic interaction strength. In this study, we investigated the potential stabilizing effects of inducible morphological defenses in the protozoan, Paramecium aurelia, across a range of nutrient concentrations to better understand a potential stabilizing mechanism of systems under nutrient enrichment (Paradox of Enrichment). Using P. aurelia clones that differ in their ability to induce defenses, we found that the most susceptible clone that does not express any known inducible defense showed reduced survival along a gradient of increasing nutrient concentrations. Clones expressing either inducible or permanent morphological defenses (increasing body width in response to predation threat) were not significantly affected by increasing nutrients demonstrating a potential benefit of these defenses. However, when evaluating population stability (coefficient of variation) rather than survival, we found a stabilizing effect of increasing nutrients on all P.aurelia populations. Our results demonstrate varied effects of increasing nutrients on population stability depending on the level of defense expression and stability metric used. Our results reinforce that choice of stability metric can alter conclusions about population stability and persistence, highlighting the need to adopt multiple metrics and approaches.
Accuracy of cup alignment in total hip arthroplasty – a comparison between the portable navigation and goniometer
Authors: Tetsunaga Tomonori , Tetsunaga Tomoko , Yamada Kazuki , Takashi Koura , Inoue Tomohiro , Okuda Ryuichiro , Muguruma Sho , Ozaki Toshifumi
Published: March 2024

Navigation systems, including portable navigation systems, used for total hip arthroplasty (THA) are useful for achieving higher cup alignment accuracy. NAVBIT, a newly available portable navigation system, uses a unique registration method, the table tilt registration. However, its accuracy is unclear. This retrospective study aimed to investigate whether THA with a portable navigation system in the lateral position with the flip technique is more accurate than THA with a cup goniometer in the supine or lateral positions. This study included 96 consecutive patients (77 women, 19 men). The accuracy of cup orientation was compared among the three groups. The absolute values of the difference in cup inclination and anteversion with the NAVBIT (2.1 ± 1.7°, 2.0 ± 1.4°) were smaller than that with the cup goniometer in the supine (3.4 ± 2.4°, 3.4 ± 2.2°) and lateral decubitus positions (3.4 ± 2.5°, 5.0 ± 3.5°). Ninety-one percent, 64.5%, and 56.3% were within 5° of the target angle in the navigation, supine goniometer, and lateral goniometer groups, respectively. The accuracy of cup alignment with the portable navigation system using the flip technique was significantly higher than that with the cup goniometer in the supine and lateral decubitus positions.
Sex difference in BAT thermogenesis depends on PGC-1α-ChREBPβ mediated de novo lipogenesis in mice
Authors: Tsujimoto Kazutaka , Takeuchi Akira , Ikeda Kenji , Aoki Jun , Niitsu Yoshihiro , Horino Masato , Hara Kazunari , Okazaki Rei , Kaneda Ryo , Murakami Masanori , Shiba Kumiko , Komiya Chikara , Yamada Tetsuya
Published: March 2024

Brown adipose tissue (BAT), a thermogenic tissue that plays an important role in systemic energy expenditure, has histological and functional sex differences. BAT thermogenic activity is higher in female mice than in male mice. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this functional sex difference has not been fully elucidated. Herein, we demonstrate the role and mechanism of PGC-1α in this sex difference. Inducible adipocyte-specific PGC-1α knockout (KO) mice displayed decreased BAT thermogenesis only in females. Expression of carbohydrate response-element binding protein beta (Chrebpβ) and downstream de novo lipogenesis (DNL) related genes were both reduced only in female KO mice. BAT-specific knockdown of Chrebpβ reduced the DNL-related gene expression and BAT thermogenesis in female wild-type mice. Furthermore, PGC-1α enhanced the sensitivity of female BAT estrogen signaling, thereby increasing Chrebpβ and its downstream DNL-related gene expression. These findings demonstrate that PGC-1α-ChREBPβ mediated DNL plays a pivotal role in BAT thermogenesis in a sex-dependent manner.
Comparative analysis of sandy beach and foredune geomorphic change measurements from Apple LiDAR and small-unoccupied aerial systems
Authors: Burchi Brendan M.J. , Theuerkauf Ethan J.
Published: March 2024

Sandy beach and foredune environments are common throughout the Great Lakes region and world. Coastal landscapes are dynamic and vulnerable due to water level fluctuations, high-energy storm events, and human disturbance. Standard methods for measuring geomorphic transformations over time include small-unoccupied aircraft systems (sUAS), but it is costly and spatiotemporally limited. To document the utility of the Apple LiDAR for coastal mapping, we quantitatively evaluated the accuracy of Apple’s light imaging detection and ranging (LiDAR) scanner in comparison to high precision RTK-GPS paired with sUAS to map geomorphic change at Port Crescent State Park in Lake Huron. Benchmark elevations were measured via RTK-GPS and the sUAS and Apple LiDAR elevation measurements were compared to these benchmark elevations to calculate percent errors. Low percent errors were documented, which allowed for further analysis of spatial differences between the two methods in both mapping morphology at a single instance in time as well as change over several months (in response to wave events). Spatial patterns are consistent between the DEMs, and large geomorphic transformations, such as the formation of a berm, were detected in both DODs. Differences between the two survey elevation models arise due to the Apple LiDAR’s capability to detect the finer-scale sandy contours with the foredune, suggesting the scanner can be used to map in areas with rugged topography and/or vegetation presence. Coastal managers can utilize the Apple LiDAR as an accessible way to map geomorphic change quickly and accurately, which can promote the development of proactive and resilient management plans.
Clinical presentation and treatment outcomes of extrapulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial infections with rapid and slow growth rates in Cali, Colombia
Authors: Ospina Natalia Ramos , Montes-Tello Sofia Alexandra , Torres-Morales Angie Valeria , Moreno-Turriago Mabel Soraya , Goez José Fernando García
Published: March 2024

Introduction:
The increasing prevalence of extrapulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections poses significant challenges in clinical management due to their inherent drug resistance and the need for prolonged antibiotic regimens. Although these infections are infrequent in daily clinical practice, detailed information on associated clinical outcomes is lacking in the local literature.
Materials and Methods
This descriptive observational study examined 17 patients with extrapulmonary NTM infection from the General Mycobacteria Registry of Fundación Valle del Lili University Hospital and reviewed a total of 391 patients between 2007 and 2021.
Results
A predominance of women with a history of cosmetic surgery was observed, with the skin being the most common site of involvement, especially for M. fortuitum and M. abscessus. The most commonly used treatment consisted of a combination of clarithromycin and moxifloxacin administered for approximately 4–6 months, for a cure rate of 70.5%.
Conclusion
The treatment regimens implemented align with the literature recommendations, and it is noteworthy that the cure rate exceeds 70%, which contrasts with what has been reported in existing research. The lack of temporal references for diagnosis and treatment is highlighted, underscoring the need for future research to address this critical aspect and improve clinical outcomes.
Co-producing an intervention to prevent mental health problems in children in contact with child welfare services
Authors: McGovern Ruth , Balogun-Katung Abisola , Artis Benjamin , Alderson Hayley , Brown Eric , Diggle Tim , Lingam Raghu , McArdle Paul , Rankin Judith , Thomason Paige , Kaner Eileen
Published: March 2024

Background
Children and young people (CYP) in contact with child welfare services are at high risk of developing mental health problems. There is a paucity of evidenced-based preventative interventions provided to this population.
Objective
This project worked in partnership with CYP, their parents/caregivers and the professionals who support them to co-produce a preventative mental health intervention for CYP in contact with child welfare services.
Participants and setting:
We recruited a purposive sample of CYP in contact with child welfare services (n = 23), parents/caregivers (n = 18) and practitioners working within child welfare services and mental health services (n = 25) from the North East of England and convened co-production workshops (n = 4).
Methods
This project followed the established principles for intervention development, applying the six steps to quality intervention development (6SQUID) approach. The mixed method research consisted of four work packages with continuous engagement of stakeholders throughout the project. These were: a systematic review of reviews; focus groups with practitioners; interviews with parents/caregivers and young people; co-production workshops.
Results
We identified that the primary risk factor affecting CYP in contact with child welfare services is the experience of childhood adversity. The quality of relationships that the CYP experiences with both their parent/caregivers and the professionals involved in their care were considered to be the main factors amenable to change.
Conclusions
We found that a trauma-informed, activity-based intervention with an embedded family-focused component provided to CYP who have experienced adversity is most likely to prevent mental health problems in those in contact with child welfare services.
Majorana corner modes in unconventional monolayers of 1T-PtSe2 family
Authors: Wang Zhijun , Sheng Haohao , Xie Yue , Wu Quansheng , Weng Hongming , Dai Xi , Bernevig Andrei , Fang Zhong
Published: March 2024

In this work, we propose that Majorana zero modes can be realized at the corners of a topologically trivial insulator with unconventionality. We demonstrate that 1T-PtSe2 is a symmetry indicator-free (SI-free) unconventional insulator, originating from orbital hybridization between Pt d and Se px,y states. The new kind of SI-free unconventionality has no symmetry eigenvalue indication. Instead, it is diagnosed directly by the Wannier charge centers by using the one-dimensional Wilson loop method. The obstructed edge states exhibit strong anisotropy and large Rashba splitting. By introducing superconducting proximity and external magnetic field, the Majorana corner modes can be obtained in 1T-PtSe2 monolayer. In the end, we construct a two-Bernevig-Hughes-Zhang model with anisotropy to capture the Majorana physics.
Beekeeping with Hypotrigona spp. (Apidae, Meliponini): the first report of trap-nests for stingless bees in Tanzania
Authors: Md Christopher Alphonce , Newa Namtero John , Lukiko Stanslauss , Manoko Mkabwa Laurent
Published: March 2024

Stingless beekeeping is in its early stages of development in Africa. Stocking of hives with stingless bee colonies presents a major challenge to the sustainability of the beekeeping practices. The current study explored the practices used in the management of Hypotrigona species in Tanga region, Tanzania, with a specific emphasis on hive stocking techniques. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews and the information was supplemented with participant observation. Field surveys were also conducted in selected sites to assess stingless bee colony density. Our findings revealed that two Hypotrigona species, namely H. gribodoi and H. ruspolii, were being managed in the study area. Hives were crafted using locally available materials, and were managed using simple techniques near homestead. The most common technique for stocking hives with stingless bee colonies was the use of trap-nests (55%), followed by colony transfer from logs (35%) and colony division (10%). Trap-nests were constructed using bamboo internodes, baobab fruit shells, and waste plastic materials. Colonies were lured into trap-nests using cerumen or propolis harvested from other stingless bee nests. The success of trap-nests was largely attributed to the high density of natural nests of Hypotrigona species in the study area. These findings highlight the significant potential of trap-nests as a viable technique for stocking stingless bee hives, serving as an alternative to the common colony transfer method which is destructive. Further research should explore the use of trap-nests for other local stingless bee species.
Application of Herbaceous plant CSR strategy responses to four kinds of habitats in the Qinling Mountain for plant community design
Authors: Wang Fei , Huang Peilu , Jiang Mingyu , Zhang Qiongwen , Zhang Manyu , Li Cangshuan
Published: March 2024

Context
Urban habitats have been severely degenerated or destroyed due to construction activities and consequent human interference, which have threatened the urban ecosystem, especially plant species richness and diversity. The interactive relationship between plants and habitats is an outcome of long-time evolution. Exploring the relationship can provide an insight for improving the sustainability of urban greenspace.
Objectives
We attempted to 1) build a relationship between individual plants and the whole community based on CSR theory, and 2) explore ecological function of communities can be achieved better by a suitable combination of individual functional traits.
Methods
This study referred to Grime's CSR (C: competitor, S: stress tolerance, R: ruderal) theory to analyze Qinling mountain herbaceous communities in typical habitats (roadside, riverside, forest margin, and understory). Species composition in communities of different habitats was recorded. Then dominant and non-dominant species were identified and analyzed emphatically.
Results
(1) In four habitats, the CWMs of CSR ecological strategies showed that C-scores of riverside communities were the highest, while understory communities were the lowest. S-scores of understory communities were the highest, while roadside communities were the lowest. Lastly, R-scores of roadside communities were the highest, while those of understory communities were the lowest. (2) In terms of CWMs of leaf traits, LDMC gradually increased along the disturbance gradient, but SLA was on the contrary. (3) Dominant species were more profoundly shaped by environmental circumstances than non-dominant species, which can effectively indicate their habitat characteristics. For example, C-scores of dominant species and subdominant species in riverside were significantly higher than in other habitats; S-scores of dominant species in understory habitats were significantly higher than others; and R-scores of dominant species in roadside habitats were significantly higher than others.
Conclusions
This study suggested that the strategy of dominant species is the main factor that determines the effect of various habitats on plant compositions. This rule verified that the CSR model could help select the cultivated species for urban green space. Also, it can help predict the effect of climate change on herbaceous communities, which has great potential for the planting design of urban herbaceous communities.