bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Newly-Developed Swarm Intelligence Algorithms Applied to Renewable Energy-Based Load Dispatch Real-World Problems
Authors: Hazra Sunanda , Roy Provas Kumar
Published: April 2020

Swarm intelligence is a promising field of biologically-inspired artificial intelligence, which is based on the behavioral models of social insects. This article covers Swarm Intelligence Algorithm, i.e., grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) which is based on the social communication nature of the grasshopper, applied to renewable energy based economic and emission dispatch problems. Based on Weibull probability density function (W-pdf), the stochastic wind speed including optimization problem is numerically solved for a 2 renewable wind energy incorporating 6 and 14 thermal units for 3 different loads. Moreover, to improve the solution superiority and convergence speed, quasi oppositional based learning (QOBL) is included with the main GOA algorithm. The performance of GOA and QOGOA is evaluated and the simulation results as well as statistical results obtained by these methods along with different other algorithms available in the literature are presented to demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed GOA and QOGOA schemes for practical applications.
Analysis of the Dynamic Characteristics of the Firefly Algorithm
Authors: Shindo Takuya
Published: April 2020

The firefly algorithm is a meta-heuristic algorithm, the fundamental principle of which mimics the characteristics associated with the blinking of natural fireflies. This chapter presents a rigorous analysis of the dynamics of the firefly algorithm, which the authors performed by applying a deterministic system that removes the stochastic factors from the state update equation. Depending on its parameters, the individual deterministic firefly algorithm exhibits chaotic behavior. This prompted us to investigate the relationship between the behavior of the algorithm and its parameters as well as the extent to which the chaotic behavior influences the searching ability of the algorithm.
O USO DE PLANTAS MEDICINAIS PELA POPULAÇÃO DE UNIÃO DA VITÓRIA – PR: O SABER POPULAR CONFRONTADO PELO CONHECIMENTO CIENTÍFICO
Authors: Krupek Rogério Antonio , Nedopetalski Paola Fernanda
Published: April 2020

O uso de plantas medicinais para tratamento de diferentes tipos de enfermidades é um meio antigo, comum e muito difundido nas comunidades em geral. Estudos etnobotânicos são muito comuns e apresentam listas de espécies citadas por diferentes populações em todo o território nacional. A averiguação da correta identificação botânica e sua respectiva confirmação farmacológica para fins medicinais, entretanto, são raros. Neste sentido, o presente estudo teve por finalidade comparar o saber popular com o registro farmacológico, cientificamente comprovado. A população amostrada pertence à área  urbana do município de União da Vitória, Paraná. Foram entrevistados um total de 36 pessoas, escolhidas por possuirem a planta medicinal citada na residência. Cada entrevistado respondeu a um questionário relacionado ao uso de plantas medicinais. A planta cultivada e citada pelo entrevistado foi coletada para posterior identificação e tombamento em Herbário (HCVI). Foram citadas (nome comum) 30 plantas e apontados 41 tipos de uso medicinal. A maioria das plantas citadas são comuns e amplamente disseminadas em ambientes domiciliares. As formas de uso apontadas foram principalmente para males considerados pouco graves (p.ex. dores de barriga e resfriados). Das plantas citadas, foram identificadas 26 espécies botânicas, sendo que em torno de 50% apresentou concordância entre o uso popular e a comprovação científica. Estes reultados estão de acordo com outros estudos citados na literatura, o que reflete a falta de estudos farmacológicos com plantas consideradas medicinais pela população em geral.
O sonho americano: imigração e formação de identidade cultural nos Estados Unidos
Authors: Yang Mimi
Published: April 2020

Este artigo confronta a identidade americana monoculturalista e postula uma identidade multicultural e multirracial, moldada pela história da imigração. Além disso, ele disseca o sonho americano sob a lente de imigrantes WASPs e não-WASPs, particularmente em meados do século XIX. Ao correlacionar a dualidade cultural e a dupla consciência por meio de WASPs, imigrantes, nativistas e culturalistas afro-americanos, o artigo afirma uma identidade cultural americana maleável e em evolução, constantemente (re) moldada por ondas sucessivas de imigrantes.
MMP-7 and MMP-9 are overexpressed in the synovial tissue from severe temporomandibular joint dysfunction
Authors: Loreto Carla , Filetti Vera , Almeida Luis Eduardo , La Rosa Giusy Rita Maria , Leonardi Rosalia , Grippaudo Cristina , Lo Giudice Antonino
Published: April 2020

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are tissue-enzymes that play a key role during the remodeling process, such as in inflammatory diseases. MMP-7 and MMP-9 have been shown to be implicated in extracellular matrix homeostasis and in joint disc remodeling. The objective of this study was to determine the relation of MMP-7 and MMP-9 expression with severe temporomandibular joint dysfunction, in particular with anterior disk displacement without reduction (ADDwoR), using an immunohistochemical approach. Therefore, twenty human temporomandibular synovia in the test group and ten in the control group were collected. The results showed there was a statistically significant difference (P<0.001) for morphometric and densitometric analysis of both detected MMPs in control and test groups. In conclusion, MMP-7 and MMP-9 were overexpressed in the synovial tissue of patients with ADDwoR.
A new cave dwelling Duvalius from the Aurunci Mountains (Lazio) (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Authors: Magrini Paolo , Sbordoni Valerio
Published: April 2020

A new anophthalmic carabid beetle belonging to the genus Duvalius Delarouzée, 1859, recently collected in a deep cave in the Southern Aurunci Mountains, Lazio, is described. The new species appears to be the most troglomorphic among all the thus far known Italian Duvalius.
Observations on Ocys monzinii Magrini and Vigna Taglianti, 2006, oreophylous species from the Lombard Pre-Alps (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Bembidiina)
Authors: Magrini Paolo , Grottolo Mario , Pedersoli Davide
Published: April 2020

Abstract New iconographic data are here reported and a new record is given (Monte Alben, Bergamo Pre-Alps) for Ocys monzinii Magrini and Vigna Taglianti, 2006; beside, a new morphometric table is provided after newly collected material.
The spread of Bombus haematurus in Italy and its first DNA barcode reference sequence
Authors: Biella Paolo , Galimberti Andrea
Published: April 2020

Climate change and human activities are impacting species distribution, and thus, tracking species movements is a key aspect for their conservation and for understanding their biology. Among the bumblebees that are changing distribution, one of the most striking cases of a fast and natural range expansion is the eastern Mediterranean Bombus haematurus. Here we report the first Italian records of this species, with observations from the N-E Italy at a distance of 332 Km from the edge of the historical distribution. These are the westernmost known occurrences of this species and they are not far from a large series of records in several Central European countries of recent colonization. Here, we also obtained and made publicly available the reference COI barcode sequence of Bombus haematurus and shown that is significantly different from other similar species at this genetic marker. Coupling morphology, field-data and genetic identity should greatly improve the efficiency of tracking species movements and therefore also their knowledge in both recently colonized and historical areas.
Spiders from Molise (Italy): state of knowledge, new faunistic data and taxonomic notes (Arachnida: Araneae)
Authors: Trotta Alessio
Published: April 2020

The spiderfauna of Molise includes 98 species belonging to 64 genera and 21 families; 48 species are firstly reported for this region, 19 are earlier record confirmed and 31 are earlier record to be confirmed. The following new combination and new synonymies are proposed: Zelotes caprearum (Pavesi, 1875) = Zelotes caporiaccoi Denis, 1953 (not Zelotes caporiaccoi Roewer, 1951) syn. n. = Zelotes denapes Platnick, 1993 syn. n.; Cozyptila nigristernum (Dalmas, 1922) comb. n. = Cozyptila thaleri Marusik and Kovblyuk, 2005 syn. n.
Diagnostic yield of rapid on-site evaluation transbronchial needle aspiration versus conventional transbronchial needle aspiration: a single center experience
Authors: Guarino Carmine , Mollica Mariano , Cesaro Cristiano , Costigliola Adriano , Micheli Maria Carolina , Corcione Nadia , La Cerra Giuseppe , Tranfa Carmelindo , Cirillo Salvatore , Smeraglio Riccardo , Salvi Rosario
Published: April 2020

Trans-bronchial needle aspiration allows lymph node sampling in several thoracic conditions; the ability of Rapid On-Site Evaluation (ROSE) to predict the final diagnosis in this setting has not been well characterized. We performed a retrospective study to establish the utility of ROSE in the diagnosis of thoracic diseases with mediastinal lymph node involvement. We retrospectively reviewed 297 patients with hilar-mediastinal lymph node enlargement detected at CT scan from January 2013 to April 2016. 201 patients underwent conventional TBNA; in 96 patients, TBNA procedure was performed by on-site presence of a team of pathologists and research morphologists. Lung neoplasms, sarcoidosis, infections and lymphoma were the most common diseases diagnosed with TBNA samples. TBNA simultaneously performed in combination with ROSE produced an increase in percentage of appropriate samples compared to single cTBNA (adequate samples cTBNA vs ROSE-TBNA: 73% vs 81%; p<0.05). Our observations indicate an increase in adequacy of fine needle aspirations and increased diagnostic yield in the ROSE group. In conclusions, ROSE may serve to reduce procedure time and enhance sample triaging therefore limiting the need for further invasive diagnostic testing.
Randomized Controlled Trial of a Novel Peer Concussion-Education Program for Collegiate Athletes
Authors: Kneavel Meredith E. , Ernst William , McCarthy Kevin S.
Published: April 2020

Context

The National Collegiate Athletic Association and US Department of Defense have called for educational programs to change the culture of concussion reporting, increase reporting behavior, and enhance the safety of players and service members.

Objective

To evaluate the effects of a novel peer concussion-education program (PCEP) in changing knowledge, attitudes, and norms about concussion reporting among collegiate student-athletes and assess program implementation.

Design

Randomized controlled trial and qualitative analysis of interviews.

Setting

National Collegiate Athletic Association athletic teams from randomly selected colleges or universities.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 1614 male and female student-athletes from 60 teams at 10 colleges and universities and 8 athletic trainers.

Intervention(s)

The PCEP intervention trains 2 peer concussion educators to provide 2 education modules to their teammates. Knowledge, attitudes (oneself and teammates), and concussion occurrence or reporting were assessed at baseline, postintervention, and 1 month later. Eight athletic trainers were interviewed about program implementation.

Results

Compared with the control group, the intervention group showed greater increases occurred postintervention and at 1 month in concussion knowledge (F1,2648 = 51.3, P < .0001), intention to report (oneself, F2,2633 = 82.3, P < .0001; teammates, F2,2624 = 53.9, P < .0001), return-to-play protocol knowledge, (F2,2632 = 28.4, P < .0001), direct subjective norms (oneself, F2,2625 = 51.7, P < .0001; teammates, F2,2644 = 40.6, P < .0001), direct perceived behavioral control (oneself, F2,2628 = 53.7, P < .0001; teammates, F2,2615 = 68.2, P < .0001), and indirect attitudes (oneself, F2,2626 = 47.1, P < .001; teammates, F2,2623 = 40.9, P < .0001). Peer concussion-education program participants discussed concussion more often with a teammate (F1,1396 = 13.96, P < .0001) or athletic staff (F1,1396 = 6.62, P < .001). Qualitative program analysis revealed both positive aspects of the PCEP and areas for improvement.

Conclusions

The PCEP showed promise in increasing concussion knowledge, intention to report concussion, reporting a teammate's concussion, and facilitating attitudinal changes that support reporting among student-athletes.
RESEARCHES ON URBAN FREIGHT TRANSPORT IN THE MEXICAN CITY OF QUERETARO: From central to peri-urban areas
Authors: Betanzo-Quezada Eduardo , Obregón-Biosca José A. Romero-Navarrete; Saúl A.
Published: April 2020

While in developed countries the effects of urban freight transport on congestion levels, environment and quality of life of the population have been recognized and studied, in Latin American countries a limited amount of reports have been produced on this issue, focusing only on major urban agglomerations and capital cities. The aim of this paper is to describe and discuss the results and the key analytical concepts supporting a research work carried out in the Queretaro Metropolitan Area, within the 2003−2014 period. The methodological approach considered includes a multi-year research effort for creating analytical tools and evaluation methods. As a result of this effort, urban freight related issues have been characterized in a context of urban and peri-urban interacting environments for a medium-sized city. The resulting methods and tools can now be used for studying metropolitan areas on a nation-wide basis.
MODELING OF MIXED LIQUOR VOLATILE SUSPENDED SOLIDS AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION FOR A SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR
Authors: Mirbagheri Sayed Ahmad , Bagheri Majid , Ehteshami Majid , Bagheri Zahra , Pourasghar Masoud
Published: April 2020

This study examined carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous removal from municipal wastewater in a sequencing batch reactor and biokinetic coefficients were evaluated according to results of BOD and COD. Furthermore, the MLVSS in the aeration reactor was modeled by using multilayer perceptron and radial basis function artificial neural networks (MLPANN and RBFANN). The experiments were performed so that the cell retention time, filling time and intensity of aeration were (5, 10 and 15 d), (1, 2 and 3 h) and (weak, medium and strong) respectively. The result indicated that with cell retention time of 15 d, filling time of 1 h, aeration time of 6 h and settling time of 3 h the HRT is optimized at 10 h. The BOD5, COD, TP, TN and removal efficiencies were 97.13%, 94.58%, 94.27%, 89.7% and 92.75% respectively. The yield coefficient (Y), decay coefficient (Kd), maximum specific growth rate (K) and saturation constant (Ks) were 6.22 mgVSS/mgCOD, 0.002 1/d, 0.029 1/d and 20 mg COD/L according to COD experimental data. The values of the biokinetic coefficients were found to be as follows: Y = 10.45 mgVSS/mgBOD, Kd = 0.01 1/d, 0.014 1/d and 3.38 mgBOD/L according to BOD5 experimental data. The training procedures for simulation of MLVSS were highly collaborated for both RBFANN and MLPANN. The train and test models for both MLPANN and RBFANN demonstrated perfectly matched results between the experimental and the simulated values of MLVSS. The values of RMSE for train and test (verification) models obtained by MLPANN were 31.82 and 40.25 mg/L respectively, and the value of R2 was 0.99 for both models. The values of RMSE for train and test models obtained by MLPANN were 69.04 and 43.87 mg/L respectively, and the value of R2 was 0.99 for both models. It was observed that the MLPANN has stronger approximation and generalization ability than the RBFANN with regard to our experimental data for MLVSS.
Parietal arteriovenous malformation mimicking carotid-cavernous fistula in context of sinus thrombosis: Bidirectional or unidirectional relationship? Literature review
Authors: Aziz Waseem , Hady Mohammed , Shihan Hadeel
Published: April 2020

Cortically located arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) constitute majority of brain AVMs. A common drainage is through respective cortical veins into superior sagittal or transverse sinuses. Through a case report and literature review, we discuss three issues: first, the anomalous drainage of a cortical AVM into an anterior orbital venous drainage system; second, the impact of this drainage on the clinical picture; and third, importantly, the bidirectional versus unidirectional relationship of AVM and old venous sinus thrombosis.
Hearing outcomes after microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm: An institutional experience
Authors: Kumar Ambuj , Ansari Ahmed , Yamada Yasuhiro , Kawase Tsukasa , Kato Yoko
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Hearing loss following microvascular decompression (MVD) for hemifacial spasm is one of the most dreaded complications. Several factors such as stretching of VIII cranial nerve, vasospasm of labyrinthine artery, and acoustic trauma due to drill noise may be considered in its causation. We evaluated the incidence and severity of hearing loss following MVD in hemifacial spasm and the factors which might be responsible for this complication. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 30 patients operated for hemifacial spasm between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2018, with at least 3 months of follow-up were included in the study. Retromastoid craniotomy was made, and Teflon was placed between involved vessel and VII nerve. Results: Freedom from hemifacial spasm was noted in 27 of 30 patients. Moderate spasm persisted in one patient, which was controlled with medications. The recurrence was noted in 3 patients at 6 months follow-up. Postoperatively, hearing loss was found in one female patient. The offending vessel was both anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) and posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) loop, which was transpositioned during surgery, and the patient was spasm free postoperatively. Conclusion: The incidence of hearing loss following MVD can be minimized using proper surgical techniques and various intraoperative adjuncts such as brainstem auditory evoked responses monitoring, use of endoscope, and indocyanine green or dual-image video angiography.
Oxidization of hydrogen sulfide in biogas by manganese (IV) oxide particles
Authors: Konkol Izabela , Cebula Jan , Cenian Adam
Published: April 2020

Hydrogen sulphide is corrosive to most metallic equipment such as pipelines, compressors, gas storage tanks, engines, turbines and other units. It acts as a strong poison for fuel cells and its combustion leads to SO2 emissions. Due to the problems associated with hydrogen sulphide, it is critical to remove it from biogas before further processing. The removal of hydrogen sulphide from biogas using MnO2, which acts as a sorbent and catalyst, was investigated. The research was conducted in a full-scale agriculture biogas plant using chicken manure and maize silage as substrate. The manganese dioxide (manganese (IV) oxide) was derived from the waste products of a water conditioning system, after manganese removal from drinking water. The obtained results showed significantly better adsorption of hydrogen sulphide and faster regeneration of the bed compared to the bed filled with hydrated iron oxides. The H2S concentration in the treated biogas dropped from about 1,650 to 0-5 ppm.
Higher Education Quality Assessment in Ethiopia: A Comparative Study
Authors: Wariyo L. Geleto
Published: April 2020

The major objective of this study was analyzing the Ethiopian Higher Education quality assessment model in line with another world. The total 46 key informants were purposively selected from the data sources of this study (Ethiopian public HEIs and the Ministry of Education) and interviewed. Document analysis was another instrument.  Using descriptive qualitative research design, data were analyzed in themes qualitatively. Literatures describing the higher education quality assessment models were reviewed. The literature on the models of higher education quality assessment generally tends to converge to the general model of higher education quality assessment and tends to diverge from it while it adds many approaches to the dimensions.  It is recommended that the Ethiopian system better to be governed by an independent agency that has strong international linkage, and the system should emphasize the need of stakeholders in quality assurance and assessment. Use of diversified methodologies and existence of explicit standards for resource utilization were recommended. Rigorous interdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary peer reviews are strongly recommended in this study.
The Effects of Active Recreational Math Games on Math Anxiety and Performance in Primary School Children: An Experimental Study
Authors: Alanazi Homoud Mohammed N
Published: April 2020

This study investigates the effect of active recreational maths games (ARMG) on 1st grade male students’ maths anxiety and performance. The sample was divided into two groups: an experimental group (N=28), which was taught maths with ARMG in addition to traditional teaching methods, and a control group (N=30), which was taught with traditional teaching methods only. The ARMG consisted of 24 sessions taking place over a period of two months. Students participated in three sessions per week, each of which lasted 45 minutes. The findings revealed a significant negative correlation (r=-0.482; p<0.05) between maths anxiety and students’ performance. A significant difference (α= 0.05) in maths anxiety and performance emerged between the experimental and control groups. The experimental group obtained lower maths anxiety scores and higher performance scores than the control group. Considering these results, the study proposes several recommendations and suggestions to develop maths teaching with ARMG.
Assessment of methane emission traits in ewes using a laser methane detector: genetic parameters and impact on lamb weaning performance
Authors: Reintke Jessica , Brügemann Kerstin , Yin Tong , Engel Petra , Wagner Henrik , Wehrend Axel , König Sven
Published: April 2020

Abstract. The aim of the present study was to derive individual
methane (CH4) emissions in ewes separated in CH4 respiration and eructation
traits. The generated longitudinal CH4 data structure was used to estimate
phenotypic and genetic relationships between ewe CH4 records and energy
efficiency indicator traits from same ewes as well as from their lambs
(intergenerational perspective). In this regard, we recorded CH4 emissions
via mobile laser methane detector (LMD) technique, body weight (EBW),
backfat thickness (BFT) and body condition score (BCS) from 330 ewes (253
Merinoland (ML), 77 Rhön sheep (RH)) and their 629 lambs (478 ML, 151 RH). The interval between repeated measurements (for ewe traits and lamb
body weight (LBW)) was 3 weeks during lactation. For methane
concentration (µL L−1) determinations in the exhaled air, we
considered short time measurements (3 min). Afterwards, CH4 emissions
were portioned into a respiration and eructation fraction, based on a double
normal distribution. Data preparation enabled the following CH4 trait
definitions: mean CH4 concentration during respiration and eructation
(CH4r+e), mean CH4 concentration during respiration (CH4r), mean CH4
concentration during eructation (CH4e), sum of CH4 concentrations per minute
during respiration (CH4rsum), sum of CH4 concentrations per minute during
eructation (CH4esum), maximal CH4 concentration during respiration
(CH4rmax), maximal CH4 concentration during eructation (CH4emax), and
eructation events per minute (CH4event). Large levels of ewe CH4 emissions
representing energy losses were significantly associated with lower LBW
(P<0.05), lower EBW (P<0.01) and lower BFT (P<0.05). For genetic parameter estimations, we
applied single- and multiple-trait animal models. Heritabilities and additive
genetic variances for CH4 traits were small, i.e., heritabilities in the
range from <0.01 (CH4r+e, CH4r, CH4rmax, CH4esum) to 0.03
(CH4rsum). We estimated negative genetic correlations between CH4 traits and
EBW in the range from −0.44 (CH4r+e) to −0.05 (CH4rsum). Most of the CH4
traits were genetically negatively correlated with BCS (−0.81 for CH4esum)
and with BFT (−0.72 for CH4emax), indicating same genetic mechanisms for CH4
output and energy efficiency indicators. Addressing the intergenerational
aspect, genetic correlations between CH4 emissions from ewes and LBW ranged
between −0.35 (CH4r+e) and 0.01 (CH4rsum, CH4rmax), indicating that
breeding on reduced CH4 emissions (especially eructation traits) contribute
to genetic improvements in lamb weaning performance.
Bias-adjusted seasonal forecasts of soil moisture for forestry applications in Finland
Authors: Hyvärinen Otto , Venäläinen Ari , Vajda Andrea
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Seasonal forecasts for forestry have been developed in the Finnish Meteorological Institute in cooperation with Finnish end-users. Such forecasts could help forest companies in preparing for adverse conditions of timber harvesting operations.
Bearing capacity for harvesting operations is dependent on soil moisture, and skillful forecasts have potentially large economic value. Using the ECMWF seasonal forecasts,
we evaluated the monthly mean soil moisture forecasts for four different start months, with lead times from 0 to 2 months. Forecasts were bias adjusted, and showed skill in the first month for all four months. After the first lead month, winter months fared a bit better than summer months.
Karl Friedrich Almstedt – scientist, teacher, and co-founder of the German Geophysical Society
Authors: Glassmeier Karl-Heinz
Published: April 2020

Abstract. The German Geophysical Society was founded in 1922 as the
Deutsche Seismologische Vereinigung. One of the 24 founders of this society
was Karl Friedrich Almstedt. Born in 1891 and deceased in 1964, Almstedt
represents a generation of academics and scientists who grew up during the
decline of the European empires, experiencing the devastations of the two
World Wars and the cruelties of the Nazi era as well as the resurrection of
academic and cultural life in post-war Germany. A detailed biographical
sketch of Karl Almstedt's life is presented through historical notes on
his social, political, and scientific environment.
Bourdieu en el World Pride 2017: especies de capital dentro y alrededor de un evento turístico
Authors: Domínguez Ruiz Ignacio Elpidio
Published: April 2020

El Orgullo LGTBI —lesbianas, gais, trans, bisexuales, intersexuales— de Madrid es uno de los mayores eventos de la ciudad, e incluye una de las manifestaciones más multitudinarias del mundo por la diversidad sexual y de género. En 2017 el evento fue aún más relevante al acoger la ciudad el World Pride 2017, un Orgullo a nivel global bajo una marca propiedad de una oenegé multinacional. AEGAL, la principal asociación empresarial LGTBI madrileña, fue la titular directa de la marca-evento, apoyándose en oenegés activistas y en administraciones públicas para organizar un Orgullo sin precedentes, que llevó a una pluralidad de agentes a relacionarse. En este artículo se presenta un análisis de dichas relaciones desde la óptica de algunos de los conceptos clave de la obra de Pierre Bourdieu, como son campo social y, sobre todo, capital. Las diferentes especies de capital en el seno del evento son analizadas para comprobar la utilidad del marco conceptual bourdiano para el estudio de eventos y, en general, de relaciones asimétricas entre agentes.
Presence of Mycotoxins in Feed and Dairy Products of Cattle in Paraná, Brazil
Authors: Navarro Rodrigo Barros , Almeida Rodrigo de , Pozza Magali Soares dos Santos , Bánkuti Ferenc Istvan , Itavo Camila Brandão Celeste Ferreira , Scheneeberger Cibele , Dias Alexandre Menezes , Vital Ana Carolina , Santos Geraldo Tadeu Dos
Published: April 2020

Milk contamination by mycotoxins is considered a public health problem. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify these contaminants in concentrates and in the milk from 31 high-producing herds. Only two of the 55 concentrate samples analyzed showed the presence of aflatoxin G1 (AFG1, 3.2 and 3.6 μg·kg-1). AFM1 was detected in 93.5% of the 62 milk samples analyzed with a range from 0.045 to 0.442 μg·L-1. All of the AFM1 concentrations were below the maximum limit tolerated (0.5 μg·kg-1) by the Brazilian Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). There was no difference in AFM1 contamination levels for both sampling periods (summer and winter). In conclusion, the AFM1 contamination in animal feed and, consequently, in milk is within the limits tolerated by ANVISA for Brazil (≤ 0.5 μg·kg-1). Furthermore, no season effect on AFM1 levels was found.
Prokaryotic Expression, Purification and Activity Detection of Phosphodiesterase 2A Protein
Authors: Jiang Lei , Yan Shenghu
Published: April 2020

Depression is associated with changes in cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels. Depression can be improved by increasing the cGMP concentration through the cGMP/PKG pathway with PDE2A inhibitors. This study is aimed to improve the expression of a highly active PDE2A protein with an Escherichia coli vector ST6 for the screening of PDE2A inhibitors. PDE2A gene was obtained through polymerase chain reaction. A recombinant plasmid of ST6-PDE2A was built by seamless cloning and then introduced into E. coli BL21 (DE3). The cultivation conditions were optimized to increase target protein expression. The expressed protein was purified with Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Its purified activity was measured by a PDE-GloTM phosphodiesterase kit. An maximized protein expression was obtained by cultivating E. coli BL21 with ST6-PDE2A in the YT medium at 37 °C till OD600 reached to 0.6-0.8 and then by inducible expressing with 1 mM IPTG at 16 °C for 40 hours. The resultant active protein has an EC50 of 0.1196 mg/ml.
A protocol for recording behavioral activity during longevity studies of adult Chironomidae
Authors: Ferrington Leonard Charles
Published: April 2020

A protocol for quantifying behaviors of adult Chironomidae during lab-based longevity studies is described and definitions of 12 behaviors are provided. Initial data for field-collected adults from on snow adjacent to three streams during winter, split into batches and incubated at three different temperature treatments, are summarized and show that frequencies of behaviors vary by stream and treatment. Implications of behaviors relative to reproductive fitness of adults is proposed, and changes to the protocol for use in future studies is described.
A newly recorded species, Sergentia kizakiensis (Tokunaga, 1940) (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Oriental China with DNA barcode
Authors: Wang Qian , Hai-Jun Yu , Xin-Hua Wang , Lin Xiao-Long
Published: April 2020

Sergentia kizakiensis (Tokunaga, 1940) is newly recorded from Oriental China. Here, adult males are redescribed and illustrated. Additionally, we provide a DNA barcode of S. kizakiensis from China.
Lasiodiamesa (Podonominae, Chironomidae), first record of the genus from Slovakia
Authors: Hamerlik Ladislav , Veselska Marta , Novikmec Milan , Svitok Marek
Published: April 2020

Here we report the first record of Lasiodimesa (Podonominae) in Slovakia. A single larva was collected in a small and shallow alpine pond located at 1,654 m a.s.l. in the High Tatra Mountains. Acidotolerant taxa such as Psectrocladius octomaculatus, Zalutschia tatrica, Synendotendipes sp. and Tanytarsus cf. gregarious were present in the community of the pond. Our finding indicates that the typical habitat of Lasiodiamesa larva is not necessarily a bog, but can also be a small acidic waterbody.
Determination of knowledge levels of nurses and the factors affecting the level of knowledge in central venous catheter care
Authors: Aydogdu Sümeyye , Akgün Meftun
Published: April 2020

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the catheter care given to patients with an inserted central venous catheter in the light of protocols and evidence-based applications.Methods: The universe of the study consisted of 300 nurses working in the surgical and internal medicine units of the Health Sciences University Sultan Abdülhamid Han Training and Research Hospital. Although we planned to reach the whole universe in the sample, a total of 202 nurses were included in the study because 60 nurses left the hospital due to appointment to other provinces, and 38 nurses did not want to participate in the study. Data were collected using the face-to-face interview method through a questionnaire form designed by the researcher.Results: Of the 202 nurses included in the study, 183 (90.6%) were female, and 146 (72.3%) had an undergraduate degree. Nurses who had received information about central venous catheter before and who were aware of the existence of a protocol/procedures/instructions about central venous catheter in the institution were found to get significantly high scores from correct answers that they gave to questions about central venous catheter (p = .001, p = .035)Conclusions: To provide effective central venous catheter care, nurses should have information about the changing and developing care as well as good theoretical knowledge by following current research. In-service training programs in this area should be planned for nurses, and nurses should participate in activities such as congresses, seminars, and courses.
La vivienda y su entorno social análisis cuantitativo desde las personas mayores de 50 años
Authors: Zorrilla-Muñoz Vanessa , Agulló-Tomás María Silveria , García-Sedano Tania
Published: April 2020

Este estudio analiza los problemas que perciben las personas adultas y mayores propietarias sobre la vivienda, en comparación a las que viven en régimen de alquiler (o en propiedad con hipoteca pendiente). Se consideran los siguientes componentes: los procesos patológicos del edificio/vivienda y los aspectos físicos del entorno, aplicándose un modelo de regresión lineal según régimen de vivienda y situación socioeconómica de las personas encuestadas (N=1.110, barómetro CIS 2014). El trabajo se enmarca en el debate abierto del modelo inmobiliario que favorece a la vivienda en propiedad, apuntando a la necesidad de investigar la vivienda y su entorno a través de una perspectiva de género/generacional y, establecer medidas (y nuevas fórmulas residenciales). Todo ello, para garantizar el derecho a una vivienda digna con mayor inclusión para determinados grupos de edad, como pueden ser las mujeres mayores.
Ser guardia civil desde la diversidad sexual y de género una aproximación sociológica cualitativa
Authors: Arranz Fátima
Published: April 2020

El presente artículo muestra los hallazgos de una investigación enmarcada en el ámbito de la diversidad sexual y de género dentro de la Guardia Civil. Se interesa por las experiencias de guardias civiles que asumen su diversidad sexual o de género en un entorno plenamente masculinista. Tras una reflexión teórica sobre los condicionamientos estructurales que supone la dominación masculina institucionalizada, se analizan los discursos, las prácticas y los procedimientos de este colectivo sobre cómo observan su diferencia respecto a los mandatos normativos hegemónicos, sobre cómo perciben que son aceptados o rechazados por sus colegas y mandos, así como sobre sus estrategias de identificación con los ideales y prácticas dominantes en dicho organismo armado.
La pensión pública de jubilación en España una triple discriminación de género
Authors: Domínguez-Rodríguez Antía , Zueras Pilar , Miret Gamundi Pau
Published: April 2020

La investigación profundiza en la triple discriminación de género en la transición entre el mercado laboral y la pensión de jubilación. Para ello, se utilizan dos fuentes de datos: los módulos específicos de la Encuesta de Población Activa en 2006 y 2012 y la Muestra Continua de Vidas Laborales entre 2004 y 2016. Se construyen las tablas de permanencia en el mercado laboral por edad y años cotizados, según sexo y nivel educativo, utilizando el análisis de Cox. A diferencia de los hombres, las mujeres presentan un alto porcentaje de no vinculación al empleo, una corta carrera laboral con acceso tardío a la pensión (para poder acumular suficientes años de cotización) y una fuerte diferenciación según educación. Se concluye que la discriminación ha disminuido, pero no ha desaparecido.
Condiciones sociolaborales e integración social de mujeres y hombres españoles en Alemania e Inglaterra
Authors: Elgorriaga Astondoa Edurne , Arnoso Martínez Ainara , Ibabe Erostarbe Izaskun
Published: April 2020

El presente estudio analiza las características del proceso migratorio (condiciones sociolaborales e integración social, entre otras) de las personas españolas emigradas a Alemania e Inglaterra, atendiendo al país receptor y al género. También se exploran los factores que explican su integración social. La muestra está compuesta por 603 personas españolas emigradas a Alemania (237) o Inglaterra (366). Los resultados sugieren que la situación laboral mejora tras la migración y que la integración social es buena, aunque el proceso migratorio es ligeramente más complejo en Alemania. Las mujeres presentan peor situación sociolaboral, pero muestran más estrategias de integración que los hombres. Los factores explicativos más relevantes de la integración social de la población emigrante española son la cercanía cultural percibida, el tamaño de red social íntima y la menor necesidad de asistencia social.
La división de los roles de género en las parejas en las que solo trabaja la mujer en Estados Unidos y España
Authors: García Román Joan
Published: April 2020

Las parejas en las que solo trabaja la mujer son inusuales y representan una asignación atípica de roles en el hogar. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar las parejas en las que solo trabaja la mujer y su división de los roles de género en Estados Unidos y España.

Este estudio revela que estas parejas son más igualitarias que otros tipos de parejas y que esta tipología de pareja ha cambiado significativamente en España, mientras que sus características permanecen más estables en Estados Unidos. Se observa una inversión en la brecha de género en Estados Unidos en cuanto al tiempo dedicado al trabajo doméstico. En España no hay inversión, y las mujeres siguen haciendo más tareas domésticas, incluso cuando son el único miembro empleado de la pareja.
Gaussian Model to Predict the Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Mexican Population Taking as a Reference Risk Factors
Authors: Bacilio Guerrero-Escamilla Juan , Socrates Lopez-Perez , Gerardo Jiménez-Proa Erik
Published: April 2020

In this research work, an ordinal Gaussian model is constructed, whose objective is to predict the degree of risk of contracting type 2 diabetes mellitus (2DM), taking as reference the risk factors in the Mexican population. It is estimated that the Mexican population has a hereditary susceptibility to develop 2DM, however, the probability increases depending on risk factors; area of residence, background of parents with 2DM, tobacco consumption, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, body mass index (BMI), and type of feeding, which, despite positively intervening in the appearance of 2DM, they can be modified to obtain the inversely proportional effect. However, the social, economic and political context are important components for the population. Risk factors, as explanatory elements of the prevalence of 2DM, are of the utmost importance to delay or control their early development, as some are factors that can be muffled. For the development of this model, the information published in the National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT) of 2012 was taken, based on the adult population 20 years of age or older. Among the most outstanding results is the higher prevalence of risk that women have with respect to men, and the fact that age is a fundamental basis for contracting type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The influence of climate change
on the energy performance
and thermal comfort in building
Authors: Firląg Szymon , Kaliszuk-Wietecka Agnieszka , Witkowski Bartosz
Published: April 2020

Wpływ zmian klimatu na charakterystykę energetyczną i komfort cieplny budynku. Obserwowane obecnie ocieplenie klimatu powoduje, ze zmienia się zapotrzebowanie budynków na energię oraz komfort ich użytkowników. Wiąże się to z koniecznością modyfikacji systemów instalacji cieplnych i stosowania systemów klimatyzacji. W artykule opisano przeprowadzone symulacje zmieniających się temperatur w poszczególnych strefach przykładowego budynku oraz jego zapotrzebowania na energię na potrzeby wentylacji, ogrzewania i klimatyzacji związanych z prognozowanymi zmianami temperatur zewnętrznych. Uzyskane wyniki pokazują zmniejszające się zapotrzebowanie energii na ogrzewanie oraz jej rosnące zapotrzebowanie na chłodzenie. Jest to szczególnie istotne dla projektantów zarówno architektów i konstruktorów jak
i instalatorów, którzy będą musieli zmierzyć
w swoich projektach ze zmieniającymi się warunkami klimatycznymi.
Problematyka kształtowania wnętrz urbanistycznych w aspekcie zmian klimatycznych
Authors: Kucharska Agnieszka , Janiszewska-Ostrowska Klaudia
Published: April 2020

Wnętrza urbanistyczne istotnie wpływają na formowanie przestrzeni zurbanizowanej, a wespół z terenami biologicznie czynnymi (parki, skwery itp.) oddziałują na estetykę otoczenia i aktywność mieszkańców.
W niniejszym artykule poddano badaniom teoretycznym, własnym oraz analizom, jaki wpływ ma forma wnętrz urbanistycznych na mikroklimat danej części obszaru miasta. Wyniki stały się punktem wyjścia do rozważań na temat wpływu powierzchni biologicznie czynnej na jakość mikroklimatu wnętrza urbanistycznego. Wysunięto tym samym przypuszczenie o możliwości jego kształtowania za pomocą różnorodnych materiałów, rozwiązań technicznych i technologicznych oraz możliwościach wprowadzenia zmian we współczesnym myśleniu o projektowaniu tych przestrzeni. W niniejszym artykule odniesiono się jednocześnie do współczesnych nam trendów urbanistycznych. Finalnie podjęto próbę wykazania, jakie przesłanki powinny kierować urbanistów w kształtowaniu wnętrz urbanistycznych w aspekcie poprawy klimatu zarówno w danym miejscu, jak
i całej przestrzeni miejskiej.
Packages of Organic Nutrient Management as Soil Policy for Upgrading Cropping System to Restore Soil Productivity
Authors: Kumar Das Shaon , Avasthe Ravikant
Published: April 2020

The indigenous farming systems are, by and large, organically practiced. Organic farming systems facilitate the buildup of soil organic matter, reducing risk of erosion and runoff and enhancing nutrient storehouse in soils for plants. Rapid developments in organic farming promotion necessitated continuous flow of technology to meet day-to-day challenges. Farmyard manure (FYM), compost, and green manure are the most important and widely used bulky organic manures. Manuring with different short-duration legumes is suitable for maintenance of soil quality in terms of adding nitrogen to soil. Sustainable quantity of potassium can be maintained by vegetative mulching with crop residues. The use of balanced dosages of mixed compost at 5–10 t/ha along with 2 t/ha dolomite increases yield of maize, rice, mustard, and soybean. This article briefly describes about the integrated organic nutrient management as soil policy for upgrading cropping system to restore soil productivity.
Non-Myelinating Schwann Cells in Health and Disease
Authors: Ioghen Octavian , Manole Emilia , Gherghiceanu Mihaela , O. Popescu Bogdan , Cristina Ceafalan Laura
Published: April 2020

Non-myelinating Schwann cells (NMSCs) are one of the two major phenotypes of Schwann cells. NMSCs are of different types and have various locations. In the peripheral nervous system, NMSC, named Remak Schwann cells (RSC), accommodate multiple small-caliber axons, forming Remak bundles. NMSC, named perisynaptic/terminal Schwann cells, are found at the distal end of motor nerve terminals at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Thus, NMSCs proved to serve different functions according to their distribution such as maintenance of the axon and NMJ, peripheral nerve regeneration, or remodeling of the NMJ. Schwann cells (SCs) retain their proliferation capacity in the case of nerve injury or demyelination and provide support for the neuronal cells through paracrine signaling. Here we present an overview of their phenotypes and tissue distribution focusing on their emerging involvement in various peripheral nerve diseases.
Global Prevalence of Malnutrition: Evidence from Literature
Authors: Dukhi Natisha
Published: April 2020

Malnutrition is a widespread problem, affecting the global population at some life stage. This public health epidemic targets everyone, but the most vulnerable groups are poverty-stricken people, young children, adolescents, older people, those who are with illness and have a compromised immune system, as well as lactating and pregnant women. Malnutrition includes both undernutrition (wasting, stunting, underweight, and mineral- and vitamin-related malnutrition) and overnutrition (overweight, obesity, and diet-related noncommunicable diseases). In combating malnutrition, healthcare costs increase, productivity is reduced, and economic growth is staggered, thus perpetuating the cycle of ill health and poverty. The best-targeted age for addressing malnutrition is the first 1000 days of life as this window period is ideal for intervention implementation and tracking for the improvement of child growth and development. There is an unprecedented opportunity to address the various forms of malnutrition, especially the 2016–2025 Decade of Action on Nutrition set by the United Nation. This aims to achieve the relevant targets of the Sustainable Development Goals that aim to end hunger and improve nutrition, as well as promote well-being and ensure healthy lives.
On the Role of Gesinnung in Kant’s Ethics and Philosophy of Religion. Part II
Authors: Krouglov Alexei N.
Published: April 2020

The sources of Kant’s term Gesinnung and a review of the problems of its translation into English were presented in the first part of this article; the second part examines the novel features that Kant brings to the interpretation of this concept in the critical period. In the Critique of Practical Reason these include the questions of manifestation of Gesinnung in the world, apprehended through the senses, the method of establishing and the culture of truly moral Gesinnung, as well as the problem of the immutability of Gesinnung in the progress towards the good. The new theses that appear in Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason are Gesinnung as the internal subjective principle of maxims, on virtue as evidence of the presence of Gesinnung, on act as a manifestation of Gesinnung, on the unintelligibility of Gesinnung in its noumenal, suprasensible character, on the innateness of Gesinnung in the sense that it exists not in time, but in the form of its acceptance by free expression of the will, on the singleness of Gesinnung and its indivisibility into periods, on revolution in Gesinnung as distinct from empirical reform, on the creation of the new human being as distinct from the ancient one as a result of the revolution of Gesinnung, on the link between the revolution in Gesinnung and “conversion” or second birth. After discussing the problem of distinguishing the terms Gesinnung and Denkungsart in translation as well as a review of all the existing variants of translating Kant’s concept of Gesinnung into Russian (aspiration, inclination, intention, virtue, virtuousness, conviction, attitude, mode of thinking, thoughts, mood, disposition and umonastroenie), the author comes to the conclusion that the uniform variant umonastroenie is best suited for Russian translations of Kant’s works.