bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of cloud effects on air temperature estimation using MODIS LST
based on ground measurements over the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zhang Hongbo , Zhang Fan , Zhang Guoqing , He Xiaobo , Tian Lide
Published: November 2016

Abstract. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) daytime and nighttime land surface temperature (LST) data are often used as proxies for estimating daily maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) air temperatures, especially for remote mountainous areas due to the sparseness of ground measurements. However, the Tibetan Plateau (TP) has a high daily cloud cover fraction (> 45 %), which may affect the air temperature (Tair) estimation accuracy. This study comprehensively analyzes the effects of clouds on Tair estimation based on MODIS LST using detailed half-hourly ground measurements and daily meteorological station observations collected from the TP. It is shown that erroneous rates of MODIS nighttime cloud detection are obviously higher than those achieved in daytime. Large errors in MODIS nighttime LST data were found to be introduced by undetected clouds and thus reduce the Tmin estimation accuracy. However, for Tmax estimation, clouds are mainly found to reduce the estimation accuracy by affecting the essential relationship between Tmax and daytime LST. The errors of Tmax estimation are obviously larger than those of Tmin and could be attributed to larger MODIS daytime LST errors that result from higher degrees of LST heterogeneity within MODIS pixel compared to those of nighttime LST. Constraining MODIS observations to non-cloudy observations can efficiently screen data samples for accurate Tmin estimation using MODIS nighttime LST. As a result, the present study reveals the effects of clouds on Tmax and Tmin estimation through MODIS daytime and nighttime LST, respectively, so as to help improve the Tair estimation accuracy and alleviate the severe air temperature data sparseness issues over the TP.
Extreme dust storm over the eastern Mediterranean in September 2015: satellite, lidar, and surface observations in the Cyprus region
Authors: Mamouri Rodanthi-Elisavet , Ansmann Albert , Nisantzi Argyro , Solomos Stavros , Kallos George , Hadjimitsis Diofantos G.
Published: November 2016

Abstract. A record-breaking dust storm originating from desert regions in northern Syria and Iraq occurred over the eastern Mediterranean in September 2015. In this contribution of a series of two articles (part 1, observations; part 2, atmospheric modeling), we provide a comprehensive overview of the aerosol conditions during this extreme dust outbreak in the Cyprus region. These observations are based on satellite observations (MODIS, moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer) of aerosol optical thickness (AOT) and Ångström exponent, surface particle mass (PM10) concentrations measured at four sites in Cyprus, visibility observations at three airports in southern Cyprus and corresponding conversion products (particle extinction coefficient, dust mass concentrations), EARLINET (European Aerosol Research Lidar Network) lidar observations of dust vertical layering over Limassol, particle optical properties (backscatter, extinction, lidar ratio, linear depolarization ratio), and derived profiles of dust mass concentrations. Maximum 550 nm AOT exceeded values of 5.0, according to MODIS, and the mass loads were correspondingly >  10 g m−2 over Larnaca and Limassol during the passage of an extremely dense dust front on 8 September 2015. Hourly mean PM10 values were close to 8000 µg m−3 and the observed meteorological optical range (visibility) was reduced to 300–750 m at Larnaca and Limassol. The visibility observations suggest peak values of the near-surface total suspended particle (TSP) extinction coefficients of 6000 Mm−1 and thus TSP mass concentrations of 10 000 µg m−3. The Raman polarization lidar observations mainly indicated a double layer structure of the dust plumes (reaching to about 4 km height), pointing to at least two different dust source regions. Dust particle extinction coefficients (532 nm) already exceeded 1000 Mm−1 and the mass concentrations reached 2000 µg m−3 in the elevated dust layers on 7 September, more than 12 h before the peak dust front on 8 September reached the Limassol lidar station around local noon. Typical Middle Eastern dust lidar ratios around 40 sr were observed in the dense dust plumes. The particle depolarization ratio decreased from around 0.3 in the lofted dense dust layers to 0.2 at the end of the dust period (11 September), indicating an increasing impact of anthropogenic haze.
Compatibility of different measurement techniques. Long-term
global solar radiation observations at Izaña Observatory
Authors: García Rosa Delia , Cuevas Emilio , García Omaira Elena , Ramón Ramon , Romero-Campos Pedro Miguel , de Ory Fernado , Cachorro Victoria Eugenia , de Frutos Angel
Published: November 2016

Abstract. A 1-year intercomparison of classical and modern radiation and sunshine duration instruments has been performed at Izaña Atmospheric Observatory (IZO) located in Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain) starting on July 17, 2014. We compare global solar radiation (GSR) records measured with a CM-21 pyranometer Kipp & Zonen, taken in the framework of the Baseline Surface Radiation Network, with those measured with a Multifilter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer (MFRSR), and a bimetallic pyranometer (PYR), and GSR estimated from sunshine duration performed by a Campbell-Stokes sunshine recorder (CS) and a Kipp & Zonen sunshine duration sensor (CSD). Given the GSR BSRN records are subject of strict quality controls (based on principles of physical limits and comparison with the LibRadtran model), they have been used as reference in the intercomparison study. We obtain an overall root mean square error (RMSE) of ~0.9 MJm2 (4 %) for GSR PYR and GSR MFRSR, 1.9 MJm2 (7 %) and 1.2 MJm2 (5 %) for GSR CS and GSR CSD, respectively. Factors such as temperature, fraction of the clear sky, relative humidity and the solar zenith angle have shown to moderately affect the GSR observations. As application of the methodology developed in this work, we have re-evaluated the GSR time series between 1977 and 1991 obtained with two PYRs at IZO. By comparing with coincident GSR estimates from SD observations, we probe the high consistency of those measurements and their temporal stability. These results demonstrate that 1) the continuous-basis intercomparison of different GSR techniques offers important diagnostics for identifying inconsistencies between GSR data records, and 2) the GSR measurements performed with classical and more simple instruments are consistent with more modern techniques and, thus, valid to recover GSR time series and complete worldwide distributed GSR data. The intercomparison and quality assessment of these different techniques have allowed to obtain a complete and consistent long-term global solar radiation series (1977–2015) at Izaña.
Evidence for transient, local ion foreshocks caused by dayside magnetopause reconnection
Authors: Pfau-Kempf Yann , Hietala Heli , Milan Steve E. , Juusola Liisa , Hoilijoki Sanni , Ganse Urs , von Alfthan Sebastian , Palmroth Minna
Published: November 2016

Abstract. We present a scenario resulting in time-dependent behaviour of the bow shock and transient, local ion reflection under unchanging solar wind conditions. Dayside magnetopause reconnection produces flux transfer events driving fast-mode wave fronts in the magnetosheath. These fronts push out the bow shock surface due to their increased downstream pressure. The resulting bow shock deformations lead to a configuration favourable to localized ion reflection and thus the formation of transient, travelling foreshock-like field-aligned ion beams. This is identified in two-dimensional global magnetospheric hybrid-Vlasov simulations of the Earth's magnetosphere performed using the Vlasiator model (http://vlasiator.fmi.fi). We also present observational data showing the occurrence of dayside reconnection and flux transfer events at the same time as Geotail observations of transient foreshock-like field-aligned ion beams. The spacecraft is located well upstream of the foreshock edge and the bow shock, during a steady southward interplanetary magnetic field and in the absence of any solar wind or interplanetary magnetic field perturbations. This indicates the formation of such localized ion foreshocks.
Evaluating NARCCAP model performance for frequencies of severe-storm environments
Authors: Gilleland Eric , Bukovsky Melissa , Williams Christopher L. , McGinnis Seth , Ammann Caspar M. , Brown Barbara G. , Mearns Linda O.
Published: November 2016

Abstract. An important topic for climate change investigation is the behavior of severe weather under future scenarios. Given the fine-scale nature of the phenomena, such changes can only be analyzed indirectly, for example, through large-scale indicators of environments conducive to severe weather. Climate models can account for changing physics over time, but if they cannot capture the relevant distributional properties of the current climate, then their use for inferring future regimes is limited. In this study, high-resolution climate models from the North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program (NARCCAP) are evaluated for the present climate state using cutting-edge spatial verification techniques recently popularized in the meteorology literature. While climate models are not intended to predict variables on a day-by-day basis, like weather models, they should be expected to mimic distributional properties of these processes, which is how they are increasingly used and therefore this study assesses the degree to which the models are actually suitable for this purpose. Of particular value for social applications would be to better simulate extremes, rather than inferring means of variables, which may only change by small increments thereby making it difficult to interpret in terms of the impact on society. In this study, it is found that the relatively high-resolution NARCCAP climate model runs capture areas, spatial patterns, and placement of the most common severe-storm environments reasonably well, but all of them underpredict the spatial extent of these high-frequency zones. Some of the models generally perform better than others, but some models capture spatial patterns of the highest frequency severe-storm environment areas better than they do more moderate frequency regions.
Carbon degradation in agricultural soils flooded with seawater after
managed coastal realignment
Authors: Sjøgaard Kamilla S. , Treusch Alexander H. , Valdemarsen Thomas B.
Published: November 2016

Abstract. Climate change induced sea level rise is expected to continue for centuries and cause permanent flooding of low lying coastal areas. Furthermore, intentional flooding of coastal areas through ‘managed coastal realignment’, may also become a common solution to protect coastal areas. So far, the biogeochemical implications of flooding soils with seawater are not well investigated. In this study we conducted a 1-year mesocosm experiment to investigate microbial carbon degradation processes in soils flooded with seawater. The used soils were sampled at on Northern Fyn (Denmark), in an area (Gyldensteen Strand) that was planned to be flooded in a coastal realignment project. We found rapid carbon degradation almost immediately after flooding and microbial sulfate reduction rapidly established as the dominant mineralization pathway. Nevertheless, no free sulfide was observed as it precipitated as Fe-S compounds with Fe acting as a natural buffer, preventing toxic effects of free sulfide in soils flooded with seawater. The refractory nature of the terrestrial organic carbon in combination with the anoxic conditions created in the soil after flooding caused significantly decreased organic carbon degradation after 6 months. During the experiment only 6–7 % of the initial organic carbon pools were degraded. On this basis we suggest that flooding of coastal soils through sea level rise or managed coastal realignment, will cause significant C-preservation and create a negative feedback on atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations.
Assessing the influence of an extended hurricane season on inland
flooding potential in the Southeast United States
Authors: Stone Monica H. , Cohen Sagy
Published: November 2016

Abstract. Recent tropical cyclones, like Hurricane Katrina, have been some of the worst the United States has experienced. Tropical cyclones are expected to intensify, bringing about 20 % more precipitation, in the near future in response to global climate warming. Further, global climate warming may extend the hurricane season. This study focuses on four major river basins (Neches, Pearl, Mobile, and Roanoke) in the Southeast United States that are frequently impacted by tropical cyclones. An analysis of the timing of tropical cyclones that impact these river basins found that most occur during the low discharge season, and thus rarely produce riverine flooding conditions. However, an extension of the current hurricane season of June–November, due to global climate warming, could encroach upon the high discharge seasons in these basins, increasing the susceptibility for riverine hurricane-induced flooding. This analysis shows that an extension of the hurricane season to May–December (just 2 months longer) increased the number of days that would be at risk to flooding were the average tropical cyclone to occur by 37–258 %, depending on the timing of the hurricane season in relation to the high discharge seasons on these rivers. Future research should aim to extend this analysis to all river basins in the United States that are impacted by tropical cyclones in order to provide a bigger picture of which areas are likely to experience the worst increases in flooding risk due to a probable extension of the hurricane season with expected global climate change in the near future.
Clinical Correlation between Retinal Sensitivity and Foveal Thickness in Retinitis Pigmentosa Patients
Authors: Vingolo Enzo M. , De Rosa Vittoria , Rigoni Erika
Published: November 2016

Purpose

To investigate the relationship between retinal structure and retinal sensitivity comparing data obtained using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and microperimetry in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and healthy patients.

Methods

A total of 49 patients (98 eyes) with RP were divided into 4 groups according to the OCT findings: group A, patients with no macular changes; group B, patients with cystoid macular edema (CME); group C, patients with vitreomacular traction (VMT); group D, patients with retinal thinning. As a control group, we enrolled 27 healthy subjects. All subjects underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, including SD-OCT and microperimetry. For the statistical analysis, Pearson correlation test and linear regression analysis were used. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

We did not find any significant difference in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), foveal thickness, or retinal sensitivity between group A and the healthy subjects (p>0.05). In group B, linear regression of logMAR versus foveal thickness and retinal sensitivity versus foveal thickness gave r values of 0.931 and 0.786, respectively. In group C, r values were 0.786 and 0.842, respectively, while in group D they were 0.816 and 0.795.

Conclusions

This article shows the first application of the new microperimeter MP3 in patients with RP, which has proven to be very sensitive in detecting functional abnormalities in all the patients. Future studies should investigate the relationships among photoreceptor cell loss, retinal sensitivity, and fixation in patients with RP.
Operative and perioperative management of infected arteriovenous grafts
Authors: Benrashid Ehsan , Youngwirth Linda M. , Mureebe Leila , Lawson Jeffrey H.
Published: November 2016

Vascular graft infections are a particularly troublesome complication for dialysis patients, many of whom are in an already immunocompromised state. The objective of this review is to detail the risk factors, etiology, diagnosis, perioperative and operative management of vascular graft infections.
Investigation of the knowledge and attitudes of patients who are undergoing hemodialysis treatment regarding their arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Ozen Nurten , Tosun Nuran , Cinar Fatma Ilknur , Bagcivan Gulcan , Yilmaz Mahmut Ilker , Askin Dilek , Mut Dilek , Ozen Volkan , Yenicesu Mujdat , Zajm Evis
Published: November 2016

Purpose

The major cause of morbidity in hemodialysis patients is arteriovenous fistula deficiency. The patient should have adequate knowledge to ensure arteriovenous fistula patency. Our aim is to investigate the knowledge and attitude of the patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment regarding arteriovenous fistula.

Methods

This study was conducted on 335 patients who met the study criteria. Data collection forms evaluating the “Socio-Demographic and Medical Characteristics” and “Knowledge and Attitudes about arteriovenous fistula” of the patients were developed following a literature review by the investigators.

Results

The rules most known and implemented were “to not measure blood pressure” and “to not draw blood from arms with fistula”, while the least known and implemented were “to use blood vessels on the hands in arms without fistula for intravenous intervention” and “to know which situations cause hypotension”.

Conclusions

Hemodialysis patients with arteriovenous fistulas need to know that developing self-care behavior is a means to reconcile lifestyles with current health status. Accordingly, planned training in self-care should be provided to hemodialysis patients and their families, and nurses should repeat information to patients who demonstrate a lack of knowledge.
Influence Satisfaction, Compensation and Work Discipline the Employee Performance at PT. Lion Air in Batam
Authors: - Priyono , - Suheriyatmono
Published: November 2016

This study aimed to analyze the extent to which the effect of satisfaction, compensation and discipline on the performance of employees at PT. Lion Air in Batam as well as to analyze the most dominant variables affect the performance of employees at PT. Lion Air in applying Batam. For goal then used descriptive analysis, multiple regression analysis, validity and reliability test and partial test and test simultaneously.
From the results of the regression equation the influence of variables (job satisfaction, compensation and working discipline) with the performance of employees at PT. Lion Air Batam, there was a strong and significant influence, because the higher job satisfaction, compensation and working discipline, the higher the employee’s performance because it has a probability value of less than 0.05. Thus, in this study proved the first hypothesis. The most dominant variable affecting the performance of employees is job satisfaction, reasons for job satisfaction has a standardized coefficient of the largest value when compared with the variable compensation and work discipline.
Using technology to monitor and improve zoo animal welfare
Authors: Whitham JC , Miller LJ
Published: November 2016

While the international zoological community is committed to enhancing the welfare of individual animals, researchers have yet to take full advantage of the tools available for non-invasively tracking behavioural and physiological indicators of welfare. We review technology currently being applied in studies of zoo, farm and laboratory animals to regularly monitor welfare status, as well as to evaluate responses to particular stimuli and situations. In terms of behavioural measures, we focus on automated assessments that offer insight into how animals — even those that are nocturnal or elusive — behave when humans are not present. Specifically, we provide an overview of how animal-attached technology (accelerometers, global positioning systems, radio frequency identification systems) can be implemented to generate activity budgets, examine use of space, conduct gait assessments, determine rates of movement and study social dynamics. We also emphasise the value of bioacoustics, as the rate and acoustic structure of certain vocalisations may vary across contexts and reflect an animal's internal state. While it can be challenging to identify non-invasive methods for investigating physiological welfare indicators, we discuss approaches (thermography, tracking measures of heart rate) that may be especially useful for monitoring affective states and psychophysiological functioning. Finally, we make a concerted effort to highlight tools that allow welfare scientists to consider measures of positive welfare. Ultimately, zoos can ensure that each animal has the opportunity to thrive by employing technology to create baseline behavioural and physiological profiles, conduct ongoing monitoring schemes and assess responses to specific conditions, events and stimuli.
Test-retest reliability of the Welfare Quality® animal welfare assessment protocol for growing pigs
Authors: Czycholl I , Kniese C , Büttner K , Beilage E Grosse , Schrader L , Krieter J
Published: November 2016

The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and test-retest reliability of the Welfare Quality® Animal Welfare Assessment Protocol for Growing Pigs. Twenty-three German pig farms were visited repeatedly by the same trained observers; each farm being visited six times during two fattening periods. The entire protocol assessment was carried out during each farm visit, ie a Qualitative Behaviour Assessment (QBA), behavioural observations (BO), a Human Animal Relationship test (HAR) and different individual parameters (IPs), eg bursitis and tail-biting. Test-retest reliability was evaluated by a Wilcoxon signed rank test (W) and by calculation of the Smallest Detectable Change (SDC) and Limits of Agreement (LoA). The QBA presented non-satisfactory agreement between farm visits. However, good agreement, in general, was found for the BO. For the HAR, no reliability could be detected. Most IPs were of acceptable agreement, with the exception of bursitis and manure on the body. Bursitis showed great differences, which can be explained by difficulties in the assessment when the animals moved around or their legs were dirty. The disagreement in the parameter manure on the body can be explained by seasonal effects. Disagreement was further found concerning the parameters coughing, sneezing, pleuritis, pneumonia and milkspots. Feasibility was good; both observers could be well-trained to fulfil the protocol. Furthermore, the time needed for an assessment did not exceed 6 h. The parts of the protocol that proved to be insufficiently reliable need to be addressed in the future in order to enhance and improve the objective measurement of animal welfare.
Farm membership of voluntary welfare schemes results in better compliance with animal welfare legislation in Great Britain
Authors: Clark CCA , Crump R , KilBride AL , Green LE
Published: November 2016

The Action Plan of the European Commission 2006-2010 proposed a move towards more private and less state regulation of animal welfare and Great British (GB) Governments made a commitment to reduce the burden of inspection of farms by targeting high-risk enterprises. In previous research in GB, farmers in private, voluntary regulated schemes were more compliant with GB legislation and code at statutory welfare inspections made by the Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA) than farmers not in such schemes. The current study investigated whether membership of other private voluntary regulators and national data sources were associated with greater compliance with welfare at APHA inspections and whether the previous association between greater compliance and membership of private schemes persisted. Compliance at APHA inspections remained higher on farms in the private schemes previously investigated. It was also higher in the one retailer and seven herd health schemes investigated. There was no association between non-welfare EU cross-compliance inspections and compliance at APHA inspections. Approximately 90% of farmers in a scheme passed animal welfare inspections compared with 80% of non-scheme members. We conclude that farms in private schemes are more likely to pass APHA inspections and so this criterion can be used in selection of farms for risk-based inspection. We hypothesise that private regulation with regular inspection of all farms could raise compliance with animal welfare legislation to at least the minimum legal standards, however, it could result in animals with low welfare being concealed; consequently, this hypothesis requires testing.
Comment la marge peut-elle déplacer le centre en matière d’accompagnement de fin de vie ?
Authors: Castelli Dransart Dolores Angela , Voelin Sabine , Scozzari Elena
Published: November 2016

Les associations d’aide au suicide en Suisse peuvent assister des personnes âgées institutionnalisées à certaines conditions. Cet article présente les résultats préliminaires d’une étude qualitative menée auprès de professionnel.le.s d’établissements médico-sociaux pour personnes âgées confronté.e.s à l’assistance au suicide. Il présente quelques défis que celle-ci pose à la mission professionnelle et au fonctionnement institutionnel ainsi qu’au positionnement personnel. Le suicide assisté en institution engendre de nouvelles pratiques par ajustements successifs, entre résistance et normalisation, l’enjeu ultime étant l’intégration ou non de la mort par suicide assisté comme une des modalités de l’accompagnement de fin de vie au sein des institutions.
Autisme et situations d’intervention complexes à l’interface avec la justice
Authors: Corbin-Charland Olivier , Morin Daphné
Published: November 2016

Le trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) est une condition qui renvoie à des capacités surprenantes, mais aussi à des limitations qui interfèrent avec la participation sociale des personnes ayant un TSA. Basé sur des entrevues avec des professionnels offrant des services spécialisés dans le domaine du TSA, ce texte propose une typologie des pratiques d’intervention à l’interface de la justice et du champ psychosocial. Il met en lumière les défis considérables que rencontrent les personnes présentant un TSA dans leurs efforts pour s’intégrer dans la société et le travail d’équilibriste déployé par les intervenants pour encadrer et favoriser les opportunités.
Entre pressions normatives et résistances
Authors: Poirel Marie-Laurence , Weiss Benjamin , Khoury Emmanuelle , Clément Michèle
Published: November 2016

À partir des résultats d’une recherche qualitative, réalisée au Québec et visant à explorer chez différents acteurs de milieux de pratique en santé mentale les représentations d’une intégration dans la collectivité jugée « réussie » des personnes vivant avec un problème de santé mentale et des conditions que cette intégration suppose, cet article s’appuie plus particulièrement sur les témoignages des personnes concernées. Il s’intéresse à leur parcours et à leur vision de l’intégration pour s’interroger quant à certaines tendances actuelles du champ de la santé mentale qui vont dans le sens d’un resserrement des programmes et des pratiques autour d’un modèle largement normatif d’intégration.
L’expérience du stress chez les agriculteurs
Authors: Roy Philippe , Tremblay Gilles
Published: November 2016

La détresse psychologique et le suicide chez les agriculteurs s’imposent comme un problème social préoccupant, notamment sous l’angle du genre masculin. Cette étude vise à mieux comprendre les connexions entre cette problématique et les pratiques masculines. Elle repose sur des entretiens qualitatifs avec 32 agriculteurs québécois. Les résultats identifient les principales sources et manifestations de stress, de même que les facteurs de protection. L’analyse fait ressortir les pratiques masculines qui peuvent agir de levier pour promouvoir la santé et le bien-être des agriculteurs et de leur famille. Des recommandations sensibles au genre sont discutées.
Restoring the dignity of the wars disappeared? Exhumations of mass graves, restorative justice and compassion policies in Peru
Authors: Robin Azevedo Valérie
Published: November 2016

In recent years, exhumation campaigns of mass graves resulting from the armed conflict
(1980–2000) between the Maoist guerrillas of PCP-Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) and the
States armed forces have increased in Peru. People in rural Andes, the most marginalised
sectors of national society, which were also particularly affected by the war, are the
main group concerned with exhumations. This article examines the handling, flow and
re-appropriation of exhumed human remains in public space to inform sociopolitical issues
underlying the reparation policies implemented by the State, sometimes with the support of
human rights NGOs. How do the families of victims become involved in this unusual return
of their dead? Have the exhumations become a new repertoire of collective action for
Andean people seeking to access their fundamental rights and for recognition of their
status as citizens? Finally, what do these devices that dignify the dead reveal about the
internal workings of Peruvian society – its structural inequities and racism – which
permeate the social fabric?
Exploring the Potential of Dynamic Perspective Taking on Business Processes
Authors: Krenn Florian , Stary Christian
Published: November 2016

Although many organizations have started to work with business process models in their operational practice, they have not explored the entire potential of intertwining business process modeling with organizational development. Process specifications contain workflows that require execution, in order to achieve business objectives and support business operation effectively. With the advent of Subject-oriented and Social Business Process Management, communication and stakeholder interaction have become novel perspectives on how to design and implement processes. They go beyond formal responsibilities encoded in functional roles, and are not very common across organizational hierarchies. However, stakeholders, including organizational developers and IT specialists, can be supported looking at processes and their execution from either perspective, namely, from a traditional one, focusing on functions and task accomplishment, and from an interactional perspective, focusing on communication among stakeholders and system interactions. The introduced dual-mode workflow execution engine UeberFlow allows considering both perspectives during process runtime, thus, checking operational completeness from either perspective. Stakeholders can start modeling with a perspective they are familiar with and subsequently proceed with the another one by switching dynamically to an alternate mode of execution. The presented meta-model and architecture of such a dual mode support tool enables coupling business process management directly with organizational development.
Evolution of herbivore-induced early defense signaling was shaped by genome-wide duplications in Nicotiana
Authors: Zhou Wenwu , Brockmöller Thomas , Ling Zhihao , Omdahl Ashton , Baldwin Ian T , Xu Shuqing
Published: November 2016

Herbivore-induced defenses are widespread, rapidly evolving and relevant for plant fitness. Such induced defenses are often mediated by early defense signaling (EDS) rapidly activated by the perception of herbivore associated elicitors (HAE) that includes transient accumulations of jasmonic acid (JA). Analyzing 60 HAE-induced leaf transcriptomes from closely-related Nicotiana species revealed a key gene co-expression network (M4 module) which is co-activated with the HAE-induced JA accumulations but is elicited independently of JA, as revealed in plants silenced in JA signaling. Functional annotations of the M4 module were consistent with roles in EDS and a newly identified hub gene of the M4 module (NaLRRK1) mediates a negative feedback loop with JA signaling. Phylogenomic analysis revealed preferential gene retention after genome-wide duplications shaped the evolution of HAE-induced EDS in Nicotiana. These results highlight the importance of genome-wide duplications in the evolution of adaptive traits in plants.
Effect of mechanical-strain-induced defect generation on the performance of flexible amorphous In–Ga–Zn–O thin-film transistors
Authors: Liao Po-Yung , Chang Ting-Chang , Su Wan-Ching , Chen Yu-Jia , Chen Bo-Wei , Hsieh Tien-Yu , Yang Chung-Yi , Huang Yen-Yu , Chang Hsi-Ming , Chiang Shin-Chuan
Published: November 2016

In this study, we investigate the effect of mechanical strain on the performance of flexible amorphous In–Ga–Zn–O (a-InGaZnO) thin-film transistors. Drain current–gate voltage (I
D–V
G) and capacitance–voltage (C–V) transfer curves are measured to analyze the degradation behavior. The I
D–V
G characteristic exhibits a clear negative shift under mechanical strain regardless of the tension or compression state. In addition, the C–V characteristic curves show a leftward shift with extra distortion or stretching out under mechanical strain. This indicates that InGaZnO generates additional defects under this mechanical strain, a phenomenon that can be attributed to the generation of mechanical-strain-induced oxygen vacancies on the flexible a-InGaZnO TFTs.
Formation and characteristics of patterns in atmospheric-pressure radio-frequency dielectric barrier discharge plasma
Authors: Yang Lizhen , Liu Zhongwei , Mao Zhiguo , Li Sen , Chen Qiang
Published: November 2016

The patterns in radio-frequency dielectric barrier discharge (RF DBD) are studied at atmospheric pressure of argon (Ar) or helium (He) mixed with nitrogen (N2) gas. When a small amount of N2 is mixed with He or Ar gas, discharge patterns are formed. In a N2/He gas mixture, besides the filament discharge that forms patterns, a glow background discharge is also observed, whereas only the filament discharge forms patterns in a N2/Ar gas mixture. The resolution of the hexagonal pattern as a function of applied power and gas flow rate is then explored. On the basis of spatial–temporal images taken using an intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD), we find that there is no interleaving of two transient hexagon sublattices in N2/Ar or N2/He plasma in RF DBD patterns, which are totally different from those in which surface charges dominated in the mid-frequency DBD plasma. This supports our hypothesis that the bulk charges dominate the pattern formation in RF DBD.
Nonenzymatic detection of glucose using BaCuO2 thin layer
Authors: Ito Takeshi , Asada Tsuyoshi , Asai Naoto , Shimizu Tomohiro , Shingubara Shoso
Published: November 2016

A BaCuO2 thin layer was deposited on a glassy carbon electrode and used for the direct oxidation of glucose. The crystalline, electrochemical, and physicochemical properties that depend on the deposition temperature and deposition time were studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the thin layer was amorphous even at 400 °C. The current density of the glucose oxidation using the thin layer deposited at 200 °C was higher than those at other deposition temperatures. Under this condition, the current density increased with the glucose concentration and deposition time. These results indicate that a BaCuO2 thin layer has potential for measuring the blood glucose level without enzymes.
Dry deposition of particles to canopies—A look back and the road forward
Authors: Hicks Bruce B. , Saylor Rick D. , Baker Barry D.
Published: November 2016

The so‐called accumulation‐size range of airborne particles is the center of a continuing disagreement about the formulation of dry deposition. Some contemporary meteorological and air quality models use theoretical developments based on early wind tunnel and other controlled experiments, while other models consider the bulk properties of the underlying surface and the ability of atmospheric turbulence to deliver particles to it. This dichotomy arose when the first micrometeorological measurements of particle deposition velocities became available, yielding numbers exceeding the highest expectations of the then‐current models based on assumptions about inertial impaction and interception. The model predictions had previously been shown to be in accord with theoretical treatments of filtration. A common reaction was to distrust the field experimental results, but the experimental findings were supported by subsequent studies. The difference between model predictions and field measurements appears greatest for densely vegetated canopies. Ongoing research is investigating factors that could give rise to the discrepancy, e.g., turbulence intermittency, leaf orientation, leaf morphology, leaf flutter, electrical charges, and a number of phoretic effects. In the meantime, many investigators are faced with a decision as to whether to make use of parameterized field results or theoretical descriptions of behaviors that are not yet well examined. Here the history of the ongoing disagreement is reviewed, and some possible resolutions are presented.
Arterio‐venous fistula for automated red blood cells exchange in patients with sickle cell disease: Complications and outcomes
Authors: Delville Marianne , Manceau Sandra , Ait Abdallah Nassim , Stolba Jan , Awad Sameh , Damy Thibaud , Gellen Barnabas , Sabbah Laurent , Debbache Karima , Audard Vincent , Beaumont Jean‐Louis , Arnaud Cécile , Chantalat‐Auger Christelle , Driss Françoise , Lefrère François , Cavazzana Marina , Franco Gilbert , Galacteros Frederic , Ribeil Jean‐Antoine , Gellen‐Dautremer Justine
Published: November 2016

Erythrocytapheresis (ER) can improve outcome in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). A good vascular access is required but frequently it can be difficult to obtain for sickle cell patients. Arterio‐venous fistulas (AVFs) have been suggested for ER in SCD supported by limited evidence. We report the largest cohort of ER performed with AVFs from three French SCD reference centers. Data of SCD patients undergoing ER with AVFs in the French SCD reference center were retrospectively collected. The inclusion criteria were: SS or Sβ‐Thalassemia and AVF surgery for ER. SCD‐related complications, transfusion history, details about AVF surgical procedure, echocardiographic data before and after AVF, AVF‐related surgical and hemodynamical complications were collected. Twenty‐six patients (mean age 20.5 years, mean follow‐up 68 months [11–279]) were included. Twenty‐three patients (88.5%) required central vascular access before AVF. Fifteen AVFs (58%) were created on the forearm and 11 (42%) on the arm. Nineteen patients (73%) had stenotic, thrombotic or infectious AVF complications. A total of 0.36 stenosis per 1,000 AVF days, 0.37 thrombosis per 1,000 AVF days and 0.078 infections per 1.000 AVF days were observed. The mean AVF lifespan was 51 months [13–218]. One patient with severe pulmonary hypertension worsened after AVF creation and died. We report the first series of SCD patients with AVF for ER, demonstrating that AVFs could be considered as a potential vascular access for ER. Patients with increased risk for hemodynamic intolerance of AVFs must be carefully identified, so that alternative vascular accesses can be considered. Am. J. Hematol. 92:136–140, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pharmacological and biological therapeutic strategies for osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Marom Ronit , Lee Yi‐Chien , Grafe Ingo , Lee Brendan
Published: November 2016

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a connective tissue disorder characterized by bone fragility, low bone mass, and bone deformities. The majority of cases are caused by autosomal dominant pathogenic variants in the COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes that encode type I collagen, the major component of the bone matrix. The remaining cases are caused by autosomal recessively or dominantly inherited mutations in genes that are involved in the post‐translational modification of type I collagen, act as type I collagen chaperones, or are members of the signaling pathways that regulate bone homeostasis. The main goals of treatment in OI are to decrease fracture incidence, relieve bone pain, and promote mobility and growth. This requires a multi‐disciplinary approach, utilizing pharmacological interventions, physical therapy, orthopedic surgery, and monitoring nutrition with appropriate calcium and vitamin D supplementation. Bisphosphonate therapy, which has become the mainstay of treatment in OI, has proven beneficial in increasing bone mass, and to some extent reducing fracture risk. However, the response to treatment is not as robust as is seen in osteoporosis, and it seems less effective in certain types of OI, and in adult OI patients as compared to most pediatric cases. New pharmacological treatments are currently being developed, including anti‐resorptive agents, anabolic treatment, and gene‐ and cell‐therapy approaches. These therapies are under different stages of investigation from the bench‐side, to pre‐clinical and clinical trials. In this review, we will summarize the recent findings regarding the pharmacological and biological strategies for the treatment of patients with OI. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
RhII‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Ester/Thioester‐Containing N‐Sulfonyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles: Facile Synthesis of Alkylidenephthalans and Alkylidenethiophthalans
Authors: Sun Run , Jiang Yu , Tang Xiang‐Ying , Shi Min
Published: November 2016

A facile synthetic method has been developed to access alkylidenephthalan and alkylidenethiophthalan derivatives through the cyclization of N‐sulfonyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles in a rhodium(II)‐catalyzed rearrangement.
Distributed Control for Coupled Nonholonomic Mobile Robots under the Event‐Triggered and Self‐Triggered Frameworks
Authors: Yang Chengshuai , Qiu Yilong , Chen Fei , Xiang Linying
Published: November 2016

In this paper, a coordinated tracking problem for coupled nonholonomic mobile robots is considered. An event‐triggered control strategy is first proposed to guarantee that the robots can form a prespecified geometric pattern while the centroid of the geometric pattern can track a reference signal. The results are then extended to the self‐triggered case, where continuous monitoring of the agent states is not needed. The stability of the system is proved with the aid of the Lyapunov techniques. Finally, numerical examples are presented to verify the validity of the theoretical results.
A Matrix Approach to the Analysis and Control of Networked Evolutionary Games with Bankruptcy Mechanism
Authors: Fu Shihua , Wang Yuzhen , Zhao Guodong
Published: November 2016

This paper investigates the evolutionary dynamic and control problem for a kind of networked evolutionary games with bankruptcy mechanism by using semi‐tensor product of matrices, and presents a number of new results. First, this kind of games are expressed as logical dynamic networks and converted into their algebraic forms, based on which, the evolutionary dynamics of the given games can be discussed. Second, the control problem is considered, and a control sequence is designed to guarantee that none of players goes bankrupt as the control target requires. Finally, an illustrative example is given to show the effectiveness of our main results.
Formation of a Trifluorophosphane Platinum(II) Complex by P−F Bond Activation of Phosphorus Pentafluoride with a Pt0Complex
Authors: Arnold Nicole , Bertermann Rüdiger , Bickelhaupt F. Matthias , Braunschweig Holger , Drisch Michael , Finze Maik , Hupp Florian , Poater Jordi , Sprenger Jan A. P.
Published: November 2016

The reaction of PF5with [(Cy3P)2Pt] gave the PF3complextrans‐[(Cy3P)2PtF(PF3)][PF6], which was characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this reaction is the first example of the oxidative addition of a P−F bond to a transition metal and is a rare example of an activation of a main‐group‐element–fluorine bond by a metal. Relativistic DFT calculations showed that the formation of the Lewis pair [(Cy3P)2Pt→PF5], which was not observed even at low temperatures, represents the initial step of the reaction. From this key intermediate, the cationtrans‐[(Cy3P)2PtF(PF3)]+was furnished by a two‐step mechanism involving, successively, a second and a third PF5molecule.
Do Media Data Help to Predict German Industrial Production?
Authors: Ulbricht Dirk , Kholodilin Konstantin A. , Thomas Tobias
Published: November 2016

In an uncertain world, decisions by market participants are based on expectations. Therefore, sentiment indicators reflecting expectations have a proven track record at predicting economic variables. However, survey respondents largely perceive the world through media reports. Here, we want to make use of that. We employ a rich dataset provided by Media Tenor International, based on sentiment analysis of opinion‐leading media in Germany from 2001 to 2014, transformed into several monthly indices. German industrial production is predicted in a real‐time out‐of‐sample forecasting experiment and media indices are compared to a huge set of alternative indicators. Media data turn out to be valuable for 10‐ to 12‐month horizon forecasts, which is in line with the lag between monetary policy announcements and their effect on industrial production. This holds in the period during and after the Great Recession when many models fail. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lifecourse socioeconomic status and cancer‐related risk factors: Analysis of the WHO study on global ageing and adult health (SAGE)
Authors: Akinyemiju Tomi , Ogunsina Kemi , Okwali Michelle , Sakhuja Swati , Braithwaite Dejana
Published: November 2016

Few studies have examined cancer‐related risk factors in relation to SES across the lifecourse in low to middle income countries. This analysis focuses on adult women in India, China, Mexico, Russia and South Africa, and examines the association between individual, parental and lifecourse SES with smoking, alcohol, BMI, nutrition and physical activity. Data on 22,283 women aged 18 years and older were obtained from the 2007 WHO Study on Global Aging and Adult Health (SAGE). Overall, 34% of women had no formal education, 73% had mothers with no formal education and 73% of women had low lifecourse SES. Low SES women were almost four times more likely to exceed alcohol use guidelines (OR: 3.86, 95% CI: 1.23–12.10), and 68% more likely to smoke (OR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.01–2.80) compared with higher SES. Women with low SES mothers and fathers were more likely to have poor nutrition (Mothers OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.17–2.16; Fathers OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.11–1.59) and more likely to smoke (Mothers OR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.15–1.87; Fathers OR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.80–2.63) compared with those with high SES parents. Women with stable low lifecourse SES were more likely to smoke (OR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.47–4.43), while those with declining lifecourse SES were more likely to exceed alcohol use guidelines (OR: 3.63, 95% CI: 1.07–12.34). Cancer‐related risk factors varied significantly by lifecourse SES, suggesting that cancer prevention strategies will need to be tailored to specific sub‐groups in order to be most effective.