bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of Sexual Dysfunctions and Sociodemographic Characteristics among Married Couples
Authors: Mohammad Mostafizur Rahman
Published: November 2024

Background: Sexual dysfunction is a prevalent issue that affects the quality of life and marital satisfaction among couples. This study aims to explore the association of sexual dysfunction with various sociodemographic characteristics among married couples in Bangladesh.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2015 to 31st August 2015. A total of 49 married patients with substance use disorder were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, DSM-5 criteria for substance use disorder, and the Bangla version of the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25.Results: The study found that sexual dysfunction was significantly associated with age, gender, education, and occupation. Specifically, 22.22% of participants under 25 years, 44.44% of those between 25 to 40 years, and 33.33% of those over 40 years reported sexual dysfunction (p=0.025). Males reported a higher incidence (83.33%) compared to females (0%) (p=0.04). Sexual dysfunction was more common among illiterate participants (16.67%) compared to those with higher education levels (p=0.04). Farmers reported higher rates of sexual dysfunction (33.33%) compared to other occupations, though this was not statistically significant (p=0.18). Income, habitat, and family history of psychiatric illness did not show significant associations with sexual dysfunction.Conclusion: The study underscores the significant impact of sociodemographic factors on sexual dysfunction among married couples in Bangladesh. Targeted interventions addressing these specific factors are essential for improving sexual health outcomes. Further research should aim to deepen the understanding of these associations and develop culturally appropriate strategies for prevention and management.
Visual Outcome of Occlusion Therapy in Anisometropic Amblyopia
Authors: Mohammad Mostafizur Rahman
Published: November 2024

Background: Amblyopia is a common visual disorder in children, often treated with occlusion therapy. This study aimed to assess the visual outcomes following occlusion therapy in children with anisometropic amblyopia, focusing on improvements in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) over a six-month period.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2015 to August 2015. Participants underwent occlusion therapy, where the better-seeing eye was covered for varying durations based on initial BCVA. Visual acuity was measured using the Snellen chart and converted to logMAR units at baseline, and after 1, 3, and 6 months of therapy. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson’s correlation test.Results: The mean BCVA improved significantly from 0.88±0.28 at baseline to 0.55±0.21 after 1 month, 0.42±0.15 after 3 months, and 0.23±0.12 after 6 months (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Among the participants, 68% had hypermetropia, 22% had astigmatism, and 10% had myopia. The majority of participants (68%) had anisometropic amblyopia in the right eye. The age distribution was 32% aged 5-7 years, 47% aged 8-9 years, and 21% aged 10-11 years, with a mean age of 8.64 years. Gender distribution was 64% male and 36% female.Conclusion: Occlusion therapy significantly improves visual acuity in children with anisometropic amblyopia, with early and consistent treatment yielding the best results. These findings support the continued use of occlusion therapy as an effective treatment modality, even when initiated later in childhood. Future research should explore long-term outcomes and complementary treatment approaches.
Risk Factors and Outcome of Early Puerperium Following Caesarean Section
Authors: Sheuly Begum
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The postpartum period, or puerperium, typically lasts six weeks following childbirth and is crucial for the reversal of pregnancy-induced anatomical and physiological changes. This period is often divided into three stages: immediate, early, and remote puerperium. Early puerperium, the first week after childbirth, is critical due to the heightened risk of complications, especially following cesarean sections (CS).Objective: This study aims to investigate the prevalence and types of early puerperal complications in women undergoing elective and emergency cesarean sections.Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology department at Enam Medical College Hospital, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Hospital records from January 2015 to December 2015 were reviewed, including 100 women who had undergone cesarean sections. Data on demographic characteristics, antenatal care, risk factors, and types of early puerperal morbidities were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 20.Results: The study found that 55% of the participants were aged 21-30 years, 70% belonged to poor socioeconomic backgrounds, and 90% were housewives. A significant 70% of the women had not received any antenatal care. The most prevalent risk factors for early puerperal morbidities were obstructed labor (40%) and prolonged labor (30%). Common complications included wound infections (50%), endomyometritis (45%), and urinary tract infections (35%).Conclusion: Early puerperal complications are prevalent among women who undergo cesarean sections, particularly those from low socioeconomic backgrounds with inadequate antenatal care. Addressing these issues through improved prenatal and postnatal care and better access to skilled birth attendants can potentially reduce these complications and enhance maternal health outcomes
A Revision of a Translation Generated by Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Akpaca Servais Martial
Published: November 2024

This study focuses on the English version of an ethnographic text translated by ChatGPT, a new technology that utilises Artificial Intelligence (AI). The purpose of the study is to evaluate the syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic aspects of the translation to assess the strengths and weaknesses of this translation technology presented as a formidable tool that is poised to replace translators and render them unemployed. The method used is qualitative. It interprets the text in the Source Language (SL) and evaluates the translation against criteria of fidelity to the meaning of the SL text, cohesion of the discourse in the Target Language, and respect for the cultural context. The data, manually extracted from the translated text, consists of errors and mistakes found in the translation. The data analysis is conducted following Andrew Chesterman's theory on the three aforementioned translation strategies. The results of the study reveal that contrary to the current propaganda, ChatGPT primarily engages in literal translation. It does not engage in oblique translation. Indeed, errors and mistakes of syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic nature are abundant. Procedures such as transposition, modulation, foreignization, domestication, adaptation, transediting, etc., are almost unknown to it. At the current stage, ChatGPT is a tool that contains a vast number of words and can effectively assist translators in their work. It is too early to envision a scenario where this technology would replace experienced translators. Current scientific research trends should incorporate ChatGPT.
Hybrid Sukuk and Wealth Preservation: Aligning with Maqasid Al-Shariah Principles in Modern Islamic Finance
Authors: Saied Galal Mohamed A. Abdul , Awang Mohd Daud , Ahmad Sa’odah Binti
Published: November 2024

Hybrid Sukuk represents a revolutionary approach to Islamic finance, melding traditional Sukuk with innovative financial derivatives and striving for ethical wealth preservation in line with Maqasid Al-Shariah principles. This research, addressing a notable void in the literature, investigates the infusion of Maqasid Al-Shariah into hybrid Sukuk structures, a pressing exploration owing to the escalating prominence of such instruments in Islamic finance. Rooted in empirical and theoretical explorations, the study examines the convergence between Maqasid Al-Shariah objectives and hybrid Sukuk, emphasising wealth conservation, Shariah adherence, and the pivotal role of Islamic scholars and Shariah advisors in ensuring ethical congruence. Utilising evaluating methodologies, including Fitch and Moody’s credit ratings, it scrutinises the alignment of hybrid Sukuk with Shariah mandates to protect and augment financial resources. The revelations from the study demonstrating the potential of hybrid Sukuk in maintaining wealth and Shariah compliance and highlighting the adaptability of Maqasid Al-Shariah in crafting ethical financial tools responsive to modern economic needs. The research enriches Islamic finance discourse, providing refined insights and underscoring the critical role of Maqasid Al-Shariah in developing ethically robust and socially beneficial financial instruments, promoting ethical and societal enhancements in Islamic finance and contributing to enduring economic stability and societal prosperity.
Jung's Approach to Spirituality and Its Value for Sandplay
Authors: Corbett Lionel
Published: November 2024

Jung emphasizes the importance of direct numinous experience rather than belief in doctrine and dogma. This paper describes the psychological quality of these experiences with clinical examples and shows the relevance of Jung's approach to sandplay therapy.
The Blessing of the Shattered Vessels: Destruction and Rebirth in Sandplay Therapy
Authors: Zeiger Robin B.
Published: November 2024

"The Blessing of the Shattered Vessels: Destruction and Rebirth in Sandplay Therapy" includes material from the Dr. Zeiger's "In Search of the Divine Spark" presentation/experiential workshop—at the 2022 STA National Conference, Sacred Landscapes of the Psyche—where she introduced the Kabbalistic creation myth Sheverat Ha Kelim(Breaking of the Vessels). In this article she discusses clinical material from children and adults in light of the myth. The author also underscores that destruction and reconstruction are powerful experiences with which sandplay therapists must be in touch, that is, their own anger, rage, and need for destruction. She writes, "If we can play destruction in art and the sand, it will be easier for us to accept and enable these forces in our patients."
A Conversation With Joseph A. Meyer
Authors: Heathcote Olivia
Published: November 2024

Joseph A. Meyer, recipient of the STA 2022 Kalff-Bradway Award for service in sandplay therapy, is interviewed by Olivia Heathcote. He is a past member of the Sandplay Therapists of America (STA) board of trustees. He is also a founding member of the Minnesota Sandplay Therapy Group (MSTG) where he served as Treasurer and President. Joseph Meyer was part of the group who planned and carried out the first national sandplay therapy conference in St. Paul, Minnesota in 1989. He was instrumental in MSTG and STA becoming nonprofit organizations. In this interview he recalls his childhood at his parents' farm, his early work as sandplay therapist as well as his extensive work and involvement with clients, teaching and training sandplay therapists in various states as well as participating in sandplay conferences and congresses—nationally and internationally.
Psychotherapy With Children of the Inner City: Mixed Methods Research Based on Seven Case Studies Using Sandplay Therapy, by Sachiko Taki-Reece
Authors: Cunningham Linda
Published: November 2024

In Psychotherapy with Inner City Children (2022), an inspiring and informative book, Dr. Sachiko Taki-Reece presents her mixed-methods research through seven case studies of children with severe emotional disturbance (SED). The children's diagnoses include ADD/ADHD, Bipolar, ODD, PTSD and Partial Seizure Disorder. As she shares the story of each child's journey in the sand, she reveals her felt experience in the moment, and her thinking about the practical aspects of this work. She presents the reader with some slight modifications to the more traditional Kalffian approach, tailored to the needs of the child with SED. Yet, throughout this book, the reader experiences her strong Kalffian/Jungian sensibility. In this study, the children suffering from severe emotional disturbance showed improvement ranging from stabilization to clear reduction of problematic behaviors.
Reflection on the Experiential Aspect of the 26th ISST Congress, Jerusalem Hills, Israel
Authors: Steinhardt Lenore F.
Published: November 2024

The author reflects on the experiential aspect of "When East Meets West" the 26th Congress of the International Sandplay Therapy Society (ISST) which took place March 26-30, 2023 in Jerusalem Hills, Israel. The congress was hosted by the Israeli Sandplay Therapist Association (ISTA).
Introduction to "Beyond The Shadow" by Dora Kalff, Founder ISST
Authors: Zappacosta Judy D.
Published: November 2024

Judy Zappacosta addresses the legacy of Dora Kalff's sandplay therapy as it continues to impact us in the present. Zappacosta clarifies Kalff's idea that “hidden or rejected parts of the personality can be more easily confronted and healed” after a client has touched the Self through images and symbols created in the sand. She adds that Kalff viewed the numinous moments which arose for clients in their trays at pivotal moments in their sandplay processes as holding spiritual qualities of the religious function, somatic representations, and references to the instincts, often depicted as animals. Following these pivotal moments and images, clients often find new meaning in their lives.
DENEYSEL BİR GÖRSEL ANLATICI OLARAK JONAS MEKAS
Authors: Altunay D. Alper , Çalışkan Özgür
Published: November 2024

Jonas Mekas geleneksel ile deneysel anlatımı bir arada kullanan, sinema sanatının geliştirdiği ve biriktirdiği biçimleri, çağın getirdiği yenilikçi anlatımları farklı görsel tasarımlarla uygulayan bir yönetmen olarak öne çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmada deneysel bir görsel anlatıcı olarak Jonas Mekas’ın eserleri; deneysel film, genişletilmiş sinema ve video sanatı bağlamın-da incelenerek, Mekas’ın hem film hem de görsel sanatların bütünü bağlamındaki belirgin özellikleri ortaya konmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Jonas Mekas’ın klasikten deneysel anlatıya uzanan biçimsel uzlaştırıcılığı ve farklılığını ortaya koymak için farklı dönemlerden seçilen Guns of the Trees (1961), Diaries, Notes, and Sketches (1969), In Between: 1964-68 (1978), As I Was Moving Ahead Occasionally I Saw Brief Glimpses of Beauty (2000) ve Outtakes From the Life of a Happy Man (2012) filmleri biçimsel ve içerik açısından deneysel film ve genişletilmiş sinema bağlamında tartışılmaktadır. Sonuç ola-rak, Jonas Mekas, kişisel deneyimlerini ve şiirsel anlatım tarzını kullanarak, geleneksel anlatıyı reddeden ve deneysel bir görsel anlatım geliştiren öncü bir yönetmendir.
LOUİS ALTHUSSER’İN DEVLETİN İDEOLOJİK AYGITLARI BAĞLAMINDA TRT’NİN MÜZİK POLİTİKALARI
Authors: Kaptan Merve Nur
Published: November 2024

İdeoloji bilimsel bir araştırma, sistematik fikirler kümesi, belirli bir hükümet, parti ya da grubun davranışlarına yön veren düşünceler bütünüdür. Louis Althusser ise ideolojiyi zihnin işleyişinin bir ürünü tasarımlar olarak tanımlamaktadır. Ona göre toplumların varlıklarını devam ettirebilmeleri için ideolojilere ihtiyaç vardır. İdeolojilerin hayata geçirilebilmesi ise bazı aygıtlar aracılığıyla yapılmaktadır. Bu aygıtlar devletin baskı aygıtları ve devletin ideolojik aygıtlarıdır. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti’nin kültürel bir ideolojik aygıtı olarak TRT de devletin egemen sınıfının ideolojilerini ileten bir kurum niteliğindedir. Geçmişte olduğu gibi günümüzde de TRT, egemen ideolojinin kontrolündedir ve bu eksende personel, yayın politikasını belirlemektedir. İzlenen politikalara yön veren unsurlar arasında müzik de yer alır. Bu çerçevede TRT’nin müzik yayınları siyasi erkin düşünceleri doğrultusunda şekillenir. Dolayısıyla TRT, devletin ideolojik aygıtları arasında yer alan ve müzik yayıncılığında araçsallaştırılan bir aygıt olarak karşımıza çıkar. Bu doğrultuda çalışma TRT’nin müzik yayınlarındaki uygulanan politikalara odaklanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda araştırmada betimsel bir modelle elde edilen veriler analiz edilerek yorumlanmıştır.
ENDÜSTRİYEL KARO TASARIMINDA YENİ BİR ASİSTAN OLARAK: YAPAY ZEKÂ
Authors: Tutgun Deniz , Öktem Emre , Bebek Ozan
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışma, yapay zekânın (YZ) seramik karo endüstrisindeki kullanımını analiz ederek, bu teknolojinin sunduğu fırsatlar ve tasarımcılara sağladığı avantajları kapsamlı bir şekilde incelemektedir. Seranit firmasının Bilecik'teki karo fabrikasında gerçekleştirilen araştırmada, üç farklı konsept tasarım seçilmiş ve bu tasarımlar için paftalar hazırlanarak YZ’nın endüstriyel seramik karo tasarımındaki etkisi ve performansı detaylı bir şekilde gözlemlenmiştir. Bu süreçte, DALL-E ve Bing gibi metinsel tanımlamalardan görüntü oluşturan ileri düzey YZ sistemleri kullanılmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemleri ve geniş kapsamlı literatür taraması ile desteklenen çalışmada, YZ’nın sınırlılıkları ve avantajları dikkatlice değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları, YZ’nın endüstriyel seramik karo sektöründe tasarım süreçlerini büyük ölçüde dönüştürebileceğini ve tasarımcı-YZ iş birliğinin önemli katkılar sağlayabileceğini göstermektedir. Çalışmada, YZ’nın seramik karo tasarımında nasıl etkin bir şekilde kullanılabileceği ve bu teknolojinin tasarım süreçlerine entegrasyonunun getirebileceği yenilikleri göstermektedir. Gelecekte, YZ sistemlerinin tasarım süreçlerini daha da ileriye taşıyabileceği öngörülmektedir.
Luc Tuymans Resimlerinde ‘Özgürleşen Seyirci’
Authors: Toprak Cemil
Published: November 2024

Belçikalı sanatçı Luc Tuymans günümüz sanatının önemli temsilcilerindendir. Tuymans’ın sanatının gücü, bireysel ve top-lumsal travmatik belleğe yaklaşımı ve imge-temsil-seyirci arasındaki ilişkide, sanatçı olarak aldığı konumla açıklanabilir. Çalışmalarında gerçekle kurulan ilişkiyi problemleştiren sanatçı, mevcut görüntüleri dönüştürerek tarihsel anlatılar hak-kında eleştirel bir diyalog yaratmayı amaçlar. Tuymans’ın eserlerindeki izleyicinin rolü Fransız düşünür Ranciere’in sanat ve siyaset ilişkisine dair ortaya koyduğu belirlemelerle örtüşür. Araştırmada, Tuymans’ın resimleri Ranciere’in ‘Özgürleşen Seyirci’ isimli kitabındaki görüşleri çerçevesinde incelenerek, bir sanat formu olarak resmin eleştirel potansiyeline dair bir perspektif sunmak amaçlanmıştır.
Procesos de transformación sociocultural y de resistencia al cambio cultural en Querétaro, 1960-2020
Authors: Gabriel Víctor
Published: November 2024

El presente volumen reúne trabajos de investigación del Cuerpo Académico “Transformaciones Socioculturales y su Dimensión Espacial” de la Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales de la Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro. Su propósito es analizar, con base en la investigación social, la dinámica de cambio que se experimenta en nuestro estado desde hace, al menos, sesenta años.Como verá el lector, se trata de un conjunto de escritos que muestran procesos diversos en torno a la modernización de nuestra entidad desde 1960, una época en la que la región del Bajío se ha industrializado. Esto ha modificado no sólo las formas convencionales de producción de bienes primarios y secundarios, sino a la sociedad regional, caracterizada por su fuerte tradicionalidad.El proceso de industrialización-modernización ha impactado en la economía y en la dinámica social, pues la región se ha convertido en uno de los núcleos de producción más importantes del país por su crecimiento a nivel económico, demográfico y social. Además, ha transformado la calidad de vida de los queretanos, lo cual supondría una repercusión en la cultura. Sin embargo, esto sólo ha ocurrido parcialmente.Ante las preguntas de cómo y por qué ha cambiado o no la sociedad queretana, hemos constatado una disparidad significativa. Si bien pueden observarse transformaciones en estructuras ocupacionales e instituciones sociales, como la familia, encontramos una persistente tradicionalidad en prácticas sociales, especialmente en las religiosas, lo cual permea en las creencias, imaginarios y configuraciones simbólicas de la sociedad queretana.
Lithuania’s Liberation Movement in the West in the Seventh Decade of the 20th Century: A New Generation Came Forth
Authors: Banionis Juozas
Published: November 2024

The article reviews the political activities of the main Lithuanian liberation organisations in the West in the 1960s – the Lithuanian American Council, the Supreme Committee for the Liberation of Lithuania, the Committee for a Free Lithuania, and the Lithuanian World Community. During this period, relations between the West and the East softened and the status quo seemed to be settling in Eastern Europe. However, the Lithuanian diaspora, the free Lithuanian people, continued to strengthen the movement for the liberation of Lithuania by uniting the political forces of all the Baltic diaspora through concrete actions.
Genocide and resistance Nr. 27(1)
Authors: Zizas Rimantas , Rukšėnas Alfredas , Buchaveckas Stanislovas , Bubnys Arūnas , Makauskas Bronius , Burinskaitė Kristina
Published: November 2024

Full Issue
June 1941 Uprising in Kretinga, Mažeikiai and Telšiai Counties
Authors: Rukšėnas Alfredas
Published: November 2024

The topic of the article is the June 1941 Uprising in Kretinga, Mažeikiai and Telšiai counties. The work underlines that the Uprising emerged and the partisan squads were formed not spontaneously, since the underground participants in Kretinga, Mažeikiai and Telšiai counties, as in other localities of Lithuania, prepared for the Uprising and formed the armed partisan fighting forces in advance. It was determined that during the June 1941 Uprising in Kretinga County 16 partisan squads of rebels operated, 23 in Mažeikiai County, 14 in Telšiai County (in total 53 squads). All 16 squads in Kretinga County could have about 1248 partisans rebels, 14 Telšiai County squads about 1330, 23 Mažeikiai County squads about 1380 partisans rebels (in total 53 Kretinga, Mažeikiai and Telšiai squads – about 3958 rebels).
The Uprising in those counties had its own specificities. Kretinga County was occupied very quickly by the German army; therefore here the partisans rebels participated in fighting actions against the Red Army and Soviet power activists already in the territory occupied by the Germans. The Germans occupied Telšiai and Mažeikiai counties somewhat later, therefore partisans rebels participated in the actions against Soviet activists and Red Army before the entry of the German Army. The rebels aimed at occupying the centres of the counties and rural districts and proclaiming their power. The rebels became enforced in Kretinga County without much difficulty, since it took place in the rear of the German Army. For the rebels in Mažeikiai and Telšiai counties it was more difficult to do this, since Soviet activists with the support of the Red Army opposed them. During the fights with the Red Army and Soviet activists, Mažeikiai County partisans rebels lost 22, Telšiai County partisans – 8 people (a total of 30 people). Partisans during the Uprising and after it in Kretinga County arrested more than 291, in Telšiai County more than 120, in Mažeikiai County over 67 Soviet power activists (in total over 478 activists). Partisans in Kretinga County arrested over 35, in Mažeikiai County over 180, in Telšiai County over 233 Soviet fighters (in total over 448 persons). In Mažeikiai County, from the hands of rebels fell over 30, in Telšiai County 3 Soviet soldiers (in total over 33 persons). No information exists about the Red Army soldiers that fell from the hands of the Kretinga partisans rebels, but archival data make it possible to presume about their existence here.
This work also explores the relationship of the rebels in Kretinga, Mažeikiai and Telšiai counties with the holocaust. It was established that the resistance participants in Palanga and Kuliai rural districts of Kretinga County already during the June 1941 Uprising contributed indirectly to the Jewish genocide. No information exists about the participation of partisans rebels in Mažeikiai and Telšiai counties in the Jewish genocide during the June 1941 Uprising.
Holocaust in the Raseiniai County: Annihilation of the Jewish Communityin the Viduklė Rural District (June–August 1941)
Authors: Buchaveckas Stanislovas
Published: November 2024

The article continues the holocaust research in the Raseiniai County, which was started with the paper about the massacre of Jews in the Kražiai rural district (see Genocide and Resistance, 2009, No. 2(26). The Viduklė rural district was known for the friendly Jewish and Lithuanian relations. Lithuanian F. Stanevičius around 1870 built a brick synagogue (ruined in 1960) in Viduklė. Here in 1940–1941, the occupant Bolshevists did not succeed in opposing the population on the national grounds; the anti-Soviet underground operated actively. During the anti-Soviet June 1941 Uprising, the squad of the rebels did not manifest itself more prominently, since already on June 23 the German army invaded the rural district territory. On that day, the Red Army and German soldiers massacred a big number of the civilian population, and the shooting of two Jews on the racist grounds may be considered as the beginning of the holocaust in the Raseiniai County. The Nazis did not succeed in involving a squad of rebels into the annihilation of the Jews (as it happened in Kražiai), since it decayed. In Viduklė, there were no Jewish pogroms. The Nazis found few local allies. Just several men entered the auxiliary police. The rural district public police avoided participating in the actions against the Jews.
Two Jewish ghettos, separately for men and women (with children), were organized. The men’s ghetto in the Viduklė railway station settlement (here also the Jewish men from the Nemakščiai rural district were imprisoned) was guarded by the German soldiers, and the commandant tortured the prisoners sadistically. The Jewish women with children from the Viduklė rural district were confined in the synagogue.
The German “professional” killers at first shot the prisoners in the men’s ghetto (camp) (it is considered that there were 243 people, including, probably, about 80 Jews from Viduklė). The execution was not included into the 1 December 1941 bloody report by 3/A operational squad leader K. Jaeger. After several weeks, on August 22, 1941, Jewish women with children (no less than 81 persons) were shot at the township Jewish cemetery. The execution was carried out by a group of Lithuanian killers who came by lorry from the town of Raseiniai, with the aid of several local helpers. The holocaust in the rural district demanded 160–170 victims. Quite a number of rural district inhabitants participated in rescuing and hiding Jews, mostly brought from other places. The Jews from the Viduklė rural district who experienced resignation did not take advantage of the close relations with Lithuanians, who offered help and possibilities for several tenths of Jews from the rural community to save themselves.
Lithuanian Police Šiauliai (14th) and Panevėžys (10th) Battalions (1941–1944)
Authors: Bubnys Arūnas
Published: November 2024

On the basis of archival documents and historical literature, the article attempts to recreate the history of the two Lithuanian police battalions, in Šiauliai and Panevėžys, the most important stages in their activities and events, to reveal the similarities and differences, personnel, and suffered losses. The history of those battalions has not been studied specially either by Lithuanian or foreign historians. Basing on the analysis of the facts found, conclusions are being drawn up. The history of both battalions has more similarities rather than differences. Both of them were formed at the same time – in August 1941. Šiauliai and Panevėžys were the only cities in Lithuania, except for Kaunas and Vilnius, where the units of the battalion size were formed. Both battalions were founded on a voluntary basis. The participants of the June 1941 Uprising and the officers of the parapolice troops, riflemen, the former Lithuanian Army officers and non-commissioned officers mostly started their service here. The battalion fighters guarded the objects of military importance, railways and big industrial enterprises. In the summer and autumn 1941, both battalions together with other German and Lithuanian police units, participated in the Jewish massacre in the Šiauliai, Panevėžys and Telšiai counties. About 180 fighters from both battalions could participate directly in the massacre. The partisans of the Šiauliai and Panevėžys battalions would confront Soviet partisans very seldom; therefore sustained casualties were not heavy. Heavier losses constituted the fighters who were absent without leave. The Šiauliai and Panevėžys battalions operated during the entire period of their existence in Lithuania (except for smaller units of battalions, transferred to other Lithuanian police battalions) and were not sent for service outside the territory of Lithuania. The Šiauliai battalion operated until the end of the Nazi occupation and was dissolved at the end of the summer of 1944. The Panevėžys battalion was disbanded in January 1943, transferring the greater part of the fighters for service in the Šiauliai battalion.
Relations of the Lithuanian freedom fighters with the west in 1945–1954 and their suppression
Authors: Makauskas Bronius
Published: November 2024

The article discusses a very important episode of freedom fights – maintenance of Lithuanian anti-Soviet resistance relations with the West, establishment and operation of the communication basis in the territory of South Lithuania and Poland in 1945–1954, seeking to break through the Iron Curtain and to communicate to the democratic world about the consequences of the Soviet occupation in Lithuania and to search for understanding and support in the case of the national resistance against the occupant.
The Role of Programme “Facing Lithuania” in the KGB Action Plans against “Santara-Šviesa“
Authors: Burinskaitė Kristina
Published: November 2024

Struggle with Lithuanians émigré political activity was one of the main targets and aims of the Soviet occupational regime. KGB used a wide range of methods from agent activity to slander actions in the press against the main émigré organizations, their press and the most active personalities. Liberal émigré organization in the USA “Santara-Šviesa”, established in 1957, wished to apply the milder rules for traveling to and back from the Soviet Union as the opportunity for cultural and personal contacts, first of all making closer contacts with the Lithuanian intelligentsia, to know better a situation in Lithuania and to use those connections for transporting illegal literature. Soviet government and KGB wanted to use those connections for neutralisation of political émigré activity, to legalise their power and enlarge the number of their supporters. That is why those contacts were controlled and dictated by the Soviet side, and emigrants, understanding this, tried to escape those traps.
KGB saw “Santara-Šviesa” as a threat to the Soviet system, as another organization, however, wanted to use their contacts with the Lithuanians against “Santara-Šviesa”, to split the emigrant organizations and cause damage to the émigré activity. To implement that task, it used such measures like: recruitment of agents, infiltration of agents into the organization, to discredit “Santara-Šviesa” using mass media, propaganda of Soviet achievements as a discredit of émigré activity. Tourism, cultural exchange, personal contacts and other means were used to achieve those targets. Although emigrants stated that they understood and saw the danger and declared that they could resist Soviet propaganda, this research states that it is true just in part, however, KGB could not manage to implement all their tasks.
ÚROVEŇ AKTIVÁCIE DÝCHACÍCH SVALOV PLAVCOV V HYPOXICKOM A NORMOXICKOM PROSTREDÍ
Authors: Hlivková Karin , Líška Dávid , Pupišová Zuzana
Published: November 2024

Cieľ výskumu: Hlavným cieľom výskumu bolo diagnostikovať úroveň aktivity intraabdominálneho tlaku u plavcov v hypoxickom a v normoxickom prostredí a zistiť výskyt bolestí spodnej časti chrbtice v súbore plavcov a v skupine neplavcov.
Metóda: Aktivitu intraabdominálneho tlaku sme testovali pomocou Ohmbelt senzora. Na testovanie sme využili hypoxický stan. Okrem testovania pomocou Ohmbeltu sme využili štandardizovaný dotazník Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire.
Súbor: Výskumu sa zúčastnilo 50 účastníkov, v skupine plavcov bolo 25 detí a v kontrolnej skupine 25.
Výsledky: Plavci mali vyššie namerané hodnoty v oboch pozíciách v normoxickom aj v hypoxickom prostredí. Priemerná dosiahnutá hodnota v 1. pozícii v normoxickom prostredí u plavcov bola 186,60 ± 75,62 g. a v 2. pozícii v normoxickom prostredí bola 388,40 ± 122,33 g. V hypoxickom prostredí dosahovala priemerná nameraná hodnota v 1. pozícii 183,60 ± 95,08 g a v 2. pozícii 386,80 ± 135,76 g. Medzi skupinami bol zaznamenaný štatisticky významný výsledok v pozícii 1 a 2 v prospech plavcov (p<0,05).
Záver: U plavcov bolá zaznamenaná vyššia aktivita intraabdominálneho tlaku, čo naznačuje, že plavecký tréning pozitívne ovplyňuje hodnoty intraabdominálneho tlaku v porovnaní s neplavcami.
Foreign Aids and Economic Growth in Nigeria under Buhari, 2015-2021
Authors: Ugochukwu Mmaduabuchi Onwunyi  , Andem Asukwo Asukwo  , Somekenechukwu Ojukwu
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study is to examine the impact of foreign aid and external borrowings on economic development of Nigeria. The study was qualitative in nature as data collection was based on the secondary sources. The two-gap model and the endogenous growth models would complement one another in establishing the theoretical base for this study.  The study revealed that external debt does not impact economic growth in Nigeria both in the long run and short run, substantiating on the inapplicability of the two-gap theory, which establishes that external finance can fill savings gap to propel an economy towards achieving a target growth rate. Therefore, the study recommends adequate measures to be put in place to manage borrowed fund by ensuring that borrowed fund are expended on capital project that will generate income and there should be appropriate measures in place that will serve as checks and balances on government spending such as institutional framework for analyzing and managing public investment projects. Also, borrowed funds should be channeled to the purpose in which they have been borrowed this will help foster economic development. Furthermore, the government should work towards freeing up more expenditure for capital project, as this stimulates growth, encourage productivity as against the current focus on more recurrent spending, which only compounds our fate as a consuming nation, thereby affecting long run growth in the country.
Investigating the Effect of Job Motivation on Employee Work Quality at Honda Workshop: The Mediating Role of Dominion Power
Authors: Damanik Sri Winda Hardiyanti , Sinurat Mangasi , Siahaan Rumiris , Purba Rakhmawati , Jayadi Usman , Ilham Rico Nur , Riinawati Riinawati
Published: November 2024

Performance is vital for organizational success, and employee work quality is essential. A decline in individual or group performance can significantly affect a company's effectiveness. This study, conducted at the Honda Sei Rampah Dealer beginning in July 2020, used quantitative data analysis to investigate the independent variables of dominion power image and employee work quality, with dominion power as the dependent variable. The study involved 45 employees (43 males and 2 females, aged 18–29, both single and married). Validity testing was performed using SPSS version 17.00, based on the calculated r values. Partial hypothesis testing assesses the impact of each independent variable on the dependent variable. The findings indicated a significant relationship between job motivation and employee work quality and that dominion power had a notable effect on employee quality. Future research should explore dominion power among employees, especially their resilience in challenging work environments, through encouragement initiatives. Examining colleagues’ relationships and implementing stricter regulations to enhance compliance and obedience may also be beneficial. To better understand the complexities of dominion power and its impact on organizations, future studies should incorporate more variables that could lead to improved organizational performance and effectiveness.
Developing Customer Satisfaction Strategies for Oke Jek Tebing Tinggi Online Transportation Users during COVID-19
Authors: Sagala Yomeini Margareth , Islamiarti Dian
Published: November 2024

This study investigated the optimal development strategy for Oke Jek, an online transportation service in Tebing Tinggi, to enhance customer satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic. Oke Jek, which commenced operations in 2019, faces unique challenges in maintaining customer satisfaction while prioritizing safety and user experience. The research employed a qualitative approach, utilizing primary and secondary data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation from seven respondents. The theoretical framework is supported by development, marketing, and customer satisfaction theories. This study utilizes SWOT analysis to examine the internal (IFE) and external (EFE) environments. The IFE matrix, which evaluates strengths and weaknesses, yielded a score of 1.45, while the EFE matrix, which assesses opportunities and threats, produced a score of 1.15. These results position Oke Jek in Quadrant I, indicating an Aggressive Strategy as the most appropriate approach. On the basis of SWOT analysis, four alternative strategies were identified: Strengths-Opportunities (SO), Weaknesses-Opportunities (WO), Strengths-Threats (ST), and Weaknesses-Threats (WT). The findings suggest that, to enhance customer satisfaction, Oke Jek should implement a comprehensive strategy focusing on safety measures, effective communication of health protocols, and improved application functionality for streamlined bookings and payments. This approach aimed to address the unique challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic while maintaining a competitive advantage in the online transportation market.
La comunicación como derecho humano. El sendero de unidad en la etapa del capitalismo de plataformas
Authors: Quinterno Graciela
Published: November 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es realizar un homenaje a quien fuera investigador y docente argentino, especializado en políticas de medios masivos y derecho a la comunicación: Glenn Postolski, decano de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales (UBA) entre 2014 y 2018. Desde su cátedra y su militancia nos propuso y llevó a cabo grandes consensos para lograr avances en la organización de nuestra Facultad y posibilitó que numerosas organizaciones accedieran a recursos y herramientas para fortalecer el puente entre la comunidad y el pensamiento. El eje elegido para reflexionar es “Perspectivas teóricas para el análisis de las políticas públicas de comunicación”.
Treating anoestrous and delayed pubertal Achai dairy cattle with Ferula jaeschkeana
Authors: Ahmad Adnan , Khan Hamayun , Rehaman Zia Ur , Nazif Muhammad Sohail , Alvi Muhammad Ahmad , Suleman Muhammad , Khan Shah Murad , Khan Sana ullah
Published: November 2024

Ferula Jaeschkeana is renowned for its application in human reproductive disorders and its estrogenic effects observed in laboratory animals. This study aimed to investigate the reproductive implications of Ferula Jaeschkeana (FJ) on animals exhibiting anestrus and delayed pubertal reproductive disorders. The experiment involved 24 Achai dairy cows divided into four groups based on different doses of Ferula Jaeschkeana i) FJ-0, serving as the control group; ii) FJ-30 receiving 30 g; iii) FJ-50 receiving 50 g; and iv) FJ-70 receiving 70 g of the product. The herb, prepared as a shade-dried powder, was administered orally to the animals as a bolus along with their regular feed. Consequently, 33.34% animals from the delayed pubertal heifer group and 75% from the anestrus multiparous animal group (54.16% of entire treated animals) displayed behavioral estrus manifestations such as restlessness, bellowing, and mounting. Physical changes, including vulvar swelling and mucus discharge, were observed in these animals. Additionally, a small percentage 8.33% of animals in the delayed pubertal heifer group and 58.33% of animals from the anestrus multiparous animal group attained pregnancy, as confirmed on day 90 post-breeding. Furthermore, a significant elevation in serum estradiol levels and a reduction in serum progesterone concentrations were noted in FJ-50 and FJ-70 groups compared to the control (FJ-0) and the FJ-30 group. Thus, it can be concluded from this study that administering 50 grams of Ferula Jaeschkeana herb roots or extract to anestrous and delayed pubertal Achai cows may induce hormonal alterations, promote behavioral estrus, and facilitate conception in this breed of cattle.
Comparison of analgesic effects of medetomidine and meloxicam in pain control after ovariectomy in cats
Authors: Bokaeian Benyamin , Khaniki Amir Gholizadeh , Rahmanian Parham , Zandieh Mohammad Arad , Tavakoli Azin
Published: November 2024

In small animal practice, various medications are used for postoperative pain management, with NSAIDs and alpha-2 adrenergic drugs being commonly employed. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of these medications in relieving postoperative pain following ovariectomy in cats. In this study, eleven healthy adult female cats were anesthetized for traditional midline ovariectomy and randomly administered either 0.2 mg/kg of IV Meloxicam (MLX) or 20 μg/kg of IV medetomidine (MED). Parameters including serum cortisol and glucose levels, pain scores using the Unesp-Botucatu Multidimensional Pain Scale (UMPS) method, anesthesia duration, blood pressure, and hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2) were measured before the surgery and at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 24 hours post-surgery. All cats experienced pain, with the highest pain score recorded 3 hours post-surgery. Although the median pain score at this time point was higher in the MLX group than in the MED group, the difference was insignificant. The median serum glucose level peaked at two hour-post-surgery, significantly correlating with UMPS pain scores. Anesthesia duration was significantly lower in the MLX group, and the serum cortisol level in the MED group was significantly higher than in the MLX group at the 2-hour mark post-surgery. No significant difference in SpO2 changes was observed between the two groups. In conclusion, both Meloxicam and medetomidine are equally effective in alleviating post-ovariectomy pain in cats. However, due to their shorter anesthesia duration, Meloxicam may be the preferable choice for pain management in ovariectomy surgery. Furthermore, blood glucose levels can serve as a reliable pain indicator in cats, along with other biochemical markers.
The Effect of Activated Flux in TIG Welding Process on the Quality of Weld Geometry of Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors:   The Libyan Advanced Center of Technology, Tripoli, Libya, Kushlaf Haitem. A. , Eldghaies Hesham ,   The Libyan Advanced Center of Technology, Tripoli, Libya, Bhieh Nuri. M. ,   The Libyan Higher Technical Center for Training & Production, Janzour Libya, Husain Ibrahim. K. ,   The Libyan Higher Technical Center for Training & Production, Janzour Libya
Published: November 2024

Active flux welding (A-TIG) is a method that effectively enhances performance and improves penetration in TIG welding by applying a layer of activated flux to the workpiece before welding. The addition of flux results in higher temperatures in the welding arc, leading to increased penetration without the need for multiple passes and groove preparation, thereby significantly boosting productivity. This research explores the impact of various active fluxes (MoO3, Cr2O3, Fe2O3, Al2O3, and CaF2) in A-TIG welding on 6mm thick austenitic stainless steel 304L plates. The investigation focused on surface appearance, weld bead geometry quality, hardness, microstructure, and angular distortion. The findings revealed that utilizing A-TIG welding with Cr2O3, MoO3, and Fe2O3 fluxes notably improved the penetration depth and aspect ratio as well as reduced angular distortion compared to conventional (TIG) welding method. The application of fluxes had a minimal impact on the hardness and microstructure of A-TIG weld metal.
Keywords: Activated fluxes (A-TIG), Weld Penetration, Angular distortion, Weld Bead Geometry
EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM SHOLAT DHUHA DI SMPIT BINA INSAN SEJAHTERA SUKABUMI TERHADAP KEBIASAAN IBADAH SISWA DALAM KEHIDUPAN SEHARI-HARI
Authors: Fadhil Muhammad Warih Permadi
Published: November 2024

Pembiasaan anak-anak untuk melakukan hal-hal baik dan positif sangat dianjurkan dalam agama Islam, terutama dalam ranah sekolah, karena sekolah merupakan salah satu wadah bagi anak-anak untuk melakukan hal-hal baik dan positif, agar ketika menjalani kehidupan di lingkungan rumah dan masyarakat menjadi lebih terarah. Salah satu kegiatan positif yang dilakukan di sekolah adalah membiasakan siswa untuk melakukan sholat Dhuha, sebelum melaksanakan kegiatan belajar di kelas. Para siswa diharapkan akan membawa kebiasaan baik tersebut ke dalam ranah keluarga dan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, untuk mengetahui keefektifan program sholat Dhuha yang dilaksanakan di SMPIT Bina Insan Sejahtera Sukabumi secara kualitatif digunakan teknik observasi dan studi kasus untuk pengumpulan data, agar data yang diperoleh menjadi lebih tepat dan akurat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program sholat Dhuha di sekolah menjadikan para siswa memiliki karakter yang positif seperti lebih ingat kepada Tuhannya dengan cara melakukan ibadah-ibadah dengan lebih giat lagi seperti sholat tepat pada waktunya, meningkatkan sholat Dhuha ketika di rumah, mengaji, dan melakukan sunnah-sunnah yang dianjurkan oleh Rasulullah SAW. Perbuatan-perbuatan yang dilarang oleh Tuhannya dijauhi dan menjadikan mereka rajin, serta patuh terhadap tugas di dalam rumah.
Penanaman Nilai Islami Untuk Mencegah Pergaulan Bebas Pada Raja
Authors: Iklima Sophia Rohim  , Yulfa Rahmi
Published: November 2024

Pergaulan bebas di kalangan remaja merupakan masalah sosial yang cukup serius dan semakin memprihatinkan. Remaja sekarang sebagian besar mereka lebih mengikuti trend mode di masa kini, seperti gaya berpakaian yang mengikuti orang-orang luar negeri dan bergaya kebarat-baratan. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk memberikan informasi dan pemahaman kepada masyarakat, khususnya kalangan remaja tentang fenomena ini. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian studi literatur. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah data-data yang diperoleh dari studi literatur. Dalam pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan teknik studi pustaka. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadinya pergaulan bebas pada remaja disebabkan oleh faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Pergaulan bebas pada remaja berdampak pada kerusakan fisik dan psikologis remaja. Pencegahan pergaulan bebas pada remaja adalah tanggung jawab bersama dari berbagai pihak, baik dari keluarga, sekolah, masyarakat, maupun pemerintah. Penanaman nilai Islami merupakan salah satu upaya yang paling efektif untuk mencegah pergaulan bebas pada remaja. Dengan penanaman nilai Islami yang kuat, diharapkan remaja dapat terhindar dari pergaulan bebas dan menjadi generasi yang berkarakter dan berbudi pekerti luhur.