bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploiting Cloud Computing and Web Services to Achieve Data Consistency, Availability, and Partition Tolerance in the Large-Scale Pervasive Systems
Authors: Fadelelmoula Ashraf Ahmed
Published: August 2021

This article presents a new comprehensive approach to realize a sufficient trade-off between the CAP properties (i.e., consistency, availability, and partition tolerance) in the large-scale pervasive information systems. To achieve these critical properties, the capabilities of both cloud computing and web services were exploited in developing the components of the proposed approach. These components include a cloud-based replication architecture for ensuring high data availability and achieving partition tolerance, a web services-based middleware for maintaining the eventual consistency, and a data caching scheme to enable the mobile computing elements to conduct  update transactions during the disconnection periods.  The evaluation of the performance aspects revealed that the proposed approach is able to achieve a load balance, lower propagation delay, and higher cache hit ratio, as compared to other baseline approaches.
A Recommendation System for People Analytics
Authors: Wang Nan , Katsamakas Evangelos
Published: August 2021

Companies seek to leverage data and people analytics to maximize the business value of their talent. This article proposes a recommendation system for personalized workload assignment in the context of people analytics. The article describes the system, which follows a novel two-level hybrid architecture. We evaluate the system performance in a series of computational experiments and discuss future extensions. Overall, the proposed system could create significant business value as a decision support system that could help managers make better decisions. The article demonstrates how computational and machine learning approaches can complement humans in improving the performance of organizations.
Screening of Radiological Images Suspected of Containing Lung Nodules
Authors: Eixarch Raúl Pedro Aceñero , Laplaza Raúl Díaz-Usechi , Llavori Rafael Berlanga
Published: August 2021

This paper presents a study about screening large radiological image streams produced in hospitals for earlier detection of lung nodules. Being one of the most difficult classification tasks in the literature, our objective is to measure how well state-of-the-art classifiers can screen out the images stream to keep as many positive cases as possible in an output stream to be inspected by clinicians. We performed several experiments with different image resolutions and training datasets from different sources, always taking ResNet-152 as the base neural network. Results over existing datasets show that, contrary to other diseases like pneumonia, detecting nodules is a hard task when using only radiographies. Indeed, final diagnosis by clinicians is usually performed with much more precise images like computed tomographies.
A Texture Features-Based Robust Facial Expression Recognition
Authors: Goswami Jayati Krishna , Jalal Sunita , Negi Chetan Singh , Jalal Anand Singh
Published: August 2021

Facial expression plays an important role in communicating emotions. In this paper, a robust method for recognizing facial expressions is proposed using the combination of appearance features. Traditionally, appearance features mainly divide any face image into regular matrices for the computation of facial expression recognition. However, in this paper, we have computed appearance features in specific regions by extracting facial components such as eyes, nose, mouth, and forehead, etc. The proposed approach mainly has five stages to detect facial expression viz. face detection and regions of interest extraction, feature extraction, pattern analysis using a local descriptor, the fusion of appearance features and finally classification using a Multiclass Support Vector Machine (MSVM). Results of the proposed method are compared with the earlier holistic representations for recognizing facial expressions, and it is found that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods.
Performance Evaluation of Different Machine Learning Classification Algorithms for Disease Diagnosis
Authors: Al-Hashem Munder Abdulatef , Alqudah Ali Mohammad , Qananwah Qasem
Published: August 2021

Knowledge extraction within a healthcare field is a very challenging task since we are having many problems such as noise and imbalanced datasets. They are obtained from clinical studies where uncertainty and variability are popular. Lately, a wide number of machine learning algorithms are considered and evaluated to check their validity of being used in the medical field. Usually, the classification algorithms are compared against medical experts who are specialized in certain disease diagnoses and provide an effective methodological evaluation of classifiers by applying performance metrics. The performance metrics contain four criteria: accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity forming the confusion matrix of each used algorithm. We have utilized eight different well-known machine learning algorithms to evaluate their performances in six different medical datasets. Based on the experimental results we conclude that the XGBoost and K-Nearest Neighbor classifiers were the best overall among the used datasets and signs can be used for diagnosing various diseases.
Telemedicine Adoption in India
Authors: Singh Vanita , Dev Vedant
Published: August 2021

COVID-19 pandemic mandates the transformation of the traditional healthcare delivery model from facility-based to virtual care worldwide. The use of technology in delivering health care has always been debated and faces challenges as patients as well as providers are often resistive to change. To date, studies focusing on one’s intention to use technology have gained significant research attention. Using the Technology Adoption Model as a research framework, a sample of 336 individuals within the age group of 18-70 years were surveyed via online to understand their intention to use telemedicine. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The findings suggest that perceived ease of use is a significant determinant of one’s intention to use telemedicine vis-à-vis its effect on perceived usefulness and attitude towards telemedicine use. The attitude towards telemedicine is significantly affected by privacy concerns and outcome beliefs. Our study results have implications for health policymakers and others when implementing telemedicine for today’s health care delivery.
Dual-Channel Supply Chain Coordination With BOPS and a Revenue-Sharing Contract
Authors: Li Hui
Published: August 2021

The omni-channel strategies buy-online-pickup-in-store (BOPS) is used to cater to customers who want a consistent service experience in different channels. In this paper, the author thinks of BOPS as an effective strategy for encouraging some online customers to switch to offline stores with high online return losses. The author first studies an omni-channel supply chain with centralized and decentralized decision making and explains why online returns hurt the supply chain with respect to the matching rate and the unit return loss. Although different channels can be operated by the same firm or different firms, the author studies how to coordinate the entire chain using a revenue-sharing contract. When online return losses are high, it is effective to adopt BOPS to reduce online return losses; otherwise there is no need to do so. Finally, the author presents numerical experiments, including a special case, and shows that in many cases, using an appropriate revenue-sharing contract under the proposed mechanism can increase the profits of the entire supply chain and its members.
SMEs Development Strategy Mode Based on Creative Economy With Quadruple Helix Approach
Authors: Ardyan Elia
Published: August 2021

This study aims to develop SMEs fashion in Central Java by Quadruple Helix. The statistic technique used in this research is Structural Equation Modelling. The primary and secondary data are relevant with relating institution (SMEs). This study find as follows: (1) Testing Capability sensing competitor to innovative product success, (2) test the capability of sensing competitor against entrepreneurship orientation, (3) test the capability of sensing customers towards innovative product are successful.
Exploring the Perception and Observation of Youth on Leadership Towards Sustainable Development
Authors: Iftakhar Nayma , Bahauddin Khalid Md
Published: August 2021

It is urgent to invest heavily on them for their quality education and effective leadership for economic, environmental and social gains. Based on understanding the importance of the youth, this study explores the perception of youth in Dhaka city about leadership, their needs for developing their leadership capacity and focus on their key priorities that they want to work on. Researcher hopes that the findings of this study would have important implications for youth related policies and programmes. It would also assist the planner, policy makers, implementer and stakeholders towards adopting more effective strategy for the leadership development of youths in Bangladesh.
Financial Inclusion Through Financial Literacy
Authors: Mani Mukta
Published: August 2021

Financial literacy is a means to tackle the problem of financial exclusion. It is a combination of awareness, skills, knowledge, attitude and behaviors necessary to make sound financial decisions and achieve financial well being. Objective of this study is to analyze current policy, practices and evidences on financial literacy. The study has been carried out on the basis of review of literature and secondary data collected from a range of sources. It is found that the government of India, RBI and other regulatory bodies are running financial literacy campaigns through diverse mediums. Financial literacy centers (FLCs) are contributing for enhancement of financial literacy. However, they need to be strengthened by enhancing resources. Inclusion of financial education in school and college curriculum has also been recommended. Scope of the study is limited to Ghaziabad district of Uttar Pradesh in India. The study might be valuable for policymakers in enhancing financial inclusion.
Dynamic Impact of Government Expenditure and Debt Policy Instruments on Agricultural Growth in Nigeria
Authors: Ochalibe Alexander Ibu , Apeverga Miriam Sewese , Omeje Ejiofor Emmanuel
Published: August 2021

This research examined the impact of government expenditure and debt policy instruments on agricultural growth in Nigeria for the period 1980-2018. Findings revealed that, for every billion rise in aggregate government expenditure, agricultural growth significantly increased by 1.66%. Additionally, per capital income and inflation were significant determinants of agricultural growth. However, the response of agricultural growth to increased debt was inelastic with a coefficient of -0.3152. Thus, macroeconomic policy instruments dynamics impacted agricultural growth. It recommended increased government expenditure to agricultural sector, education, investing in human capital development through budgetary allocations and intervention funds for increased growth while policy makers should desist from increasing the debt profile as it gave less than proportionate effect on agricultural growth with negative consequences on the Nigerian economy.
Efficient mentorship
Authors: Sathiadas M. G.
Published: August 2021

No abstract available
Applying the code of medical ethics in the context of a pandemic: COVID-19 in Sri Lanka
Authors: Karunatilaka K. M. A. G.
Published: August 2021

When thinking of something that would kill millions of people, a pandemic is the greatest risk. The outbreaks hit much harder to the lowerincome nations, given the lack of access to basic health services, health infrastructure, and effective infection control mechanisms. In this context, ethical aspects related to equity in resource allocation, selective vaccination, clinical trials involving human subjects, limitation of personal freedom such as quarantine regulations, and so forth need to be addressed by the healthcare professionals. Therefore, a recognized clinical ethics scheme is imperative to balance individual and population rights during the response to an outbreak.
Metronidazole for Amoebiasis: A tale of more than half a century
Authors: Kumanan T. , Sujanitha V. , Sri Ranganathan S.
Published: August 2021

Metronidazole has many unique properties such as possessing antibacterial as well as anti-protozoal activity, very minimal resistance rate, acceptable safety profile and market longevity. Metronidazole has remained as the recommended drug in the treatment of any form of amoebiasis caused by Entamoeba histolytica since its inception almost half a c entury ago. Anaphylaxis which limits the use of many antibacterial agents is hardly reported with metronidazole accounting for its favourable safety profile. Owing to its low-cost, it is considered affordable and economically accessible in developing countries which are mainly affected by amoebiasis. Its pharmacokinetic properties considered are its asset as well as drawback. For example, good bioavailability and good tissue penetration allows metronidazole to be used as oral dosage form in many indications and responsible for its efficacy in many extra-intestinal amoebiasis. However, inhibition of hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes is responsible for some significant drug interactions, and disulfiram like effect with alcohol. Unlike many other antimicrobial agents which were discovered much later, metronidazole has withstood the problem of antimicrobial resistance. Even some longer acting agents have been developed in the recent past, metronidazole remains the drug of first choice for amoebiasis documenting very high cure rate with minimal need for other treatment modalities.
A case of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with class IV nephritis in a 60 year old female
Authors: Kumara D. M. , Peranantharajah T. , Narani A. , Thangarajah B. , Narayanapillai S.
Published: August 2021

Patients who develop Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE) at or after the age of 50 years are considered as late-onset SLE. In this case report, we present a case of class IV Lupus Nephritis in a 60-year-old lady with newly diagnosed SLE. This lady presented with generalized edema and reduced urine output and found to have active urinary sediment, rising serum creatinine, positive ANA and dsDNA and hypocomplementemia. Renal biopsy proved diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (Lupus Nephritis – class IV). She was treated with methyl prednisolone and cyclophosphamide as the induction regime. Then treatment was continued according to Euro- Lupus Protocol. She showed clinical and biochemical improvement.
Electric Controls Technology: The Role in Future Subsea Systems
Authors: Moe Sigurd , Monsson Olav S. , Rokne Øyvind , Kumar Ajith , Johansen Christina
Published: August 2021

This paper prepared for 2018 OTC Offshore Asia explores the current history of electrically driven functionality for subsea production systems.

It is expected that co-existence of hybrid electrohydraulic and all-electric functionality will dominate the market for subsea tree and manifold control short term. Electric choke and manifold valve actuation offer many advantages as proved successfully during the last 16 years, e.g. related to modularity and flexibility, with zero discharge, with high operational speed and high positioning accuracy, along with CAPEX and OPEX benefits. Performance of systems such as Statoil's Asgard Subsea Gas Compressor is a game changer that will make all-electric valve control base case also for future subsea processing plants.

Reliability & Availability concerns were the major concerns by many operators for not switching to all-electric technology. The excellent reliability of trickle charged batteries in subsea systems, combined with modern safety electronics eliminate the traditional actuator spring as failsafe mechanism power source. All of this has simplified the equipment, reduced the size, and enables continuous equipment status monitoring.

Competitive all-electric systems are expected to be introduced in stages, starting with infill wells. This will eliminate the risk of new technology for the best business cases, being long distance gas fields, water injectors and deep water systems.

Subsea all-electric solutions benefit from general technology developments in other industries. Full utilization is however slow in the subsea market, hampered by current rules and regulations, risk aspects and conservative mindsets. All-electric solutions need Champions and a continued successful staged development initiatives to realize their full potential for significantly reducing subsea field development capital and operational cost.
A Conformational Change of Complement C5 Is Required for Thrombin-Mediated Cleavage, Revealed by a Novel Ex Vivo Human Whole Blood Model Preserving Full Thrombin Activity
Authors: Nilsson Per H , Johnson Christina , Quach Quang Huy , Macpherson Alex , Durrant Oliver , Pischke Soeren E , Fure Hilde , Landsem Anne , Bergseth Grethe , Schjalm Camilla , Haugaard-Kedström Linda M , Huber-Lang Markus , van den Elsen Jean , Brekke Ole-Lars , Mollnes Tom Eirik
Published: August 2021

Thrombin activation of C5 connects thrombosis to inflammation. Complement research in whole blood ex vivo necessitates anticoagulation, which potentially interferes with the inflammatory modulation by thrombin. We challenged the concept of thrombin as an activator of native C5 by analyzing complement activation and C5 cleavage in human whole blood anticoagulated with Gly-Pro-Arg-Pro (GPRP), a peptide targeting fibrin polymerization downstream of thrombin, allowing complete endogenous thrombin generation. GPRP dose-dependently inhibited coagulation but allowed for platelet activation in accordance with thrombin generation. Spontaneous and bacterial-induced complement activation by Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, analyzed at the level of C3 and C5, were similar in blood anticoagulated with GPRP and the thrombin inhibitor lepirudin. In the GPRP model, endogenous thrombin, even at supra-physiologic concentrations, did not cleave native C5, despite efficiently cleaving commercially sourced purified C5 protein, both in buffer and when added to C5-deficient serum. In normal serum, only exogenously added, commercially sourced C5 was cleaved, whereas the native plasma C5 remained intact. Crucially, affinity-purified C5, eluted under mild conditions using an MgCl2 solution, was not cleaved by thrombin. Acidification of plasma to pH ≤ 6.8 by hydrochloric or lactic acid induced a C5 antigenic change, nonreversible by pH neutralization, that permitted cleavage by thrombin. Circular dichroism on purified C5 confirmed the structural change during acidification. Thus, we propose that pH-induced conformational change allows thrombin-mediated cleavage of C5 and that, contrary to previous reports, thrombin does not cleave plasma C5 in its native form, suggesting that thrombin cleavage of C5 may be restricted to certain pathophysiological conditions.
LEVANTAMENTO DOS DIAGNÓSTICOS ESTABELECIDOS A PARTIR DE TÉCNICAS DE BIÓPSIA REALIZADAS NAS CLÍNICAS DO CURSO DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNIPAR
Authors:   Universidade Paranaense, Dezingrini Gabriela Piaia , Pires Marina ,   Universidade Paranaense, Guerra Letícia de Freitas Cuba ,   Universidade Paranaense
Published: August 2021

O presente estudo buscou levantar dados acerca dos procedimentos de biópsia realizados na Clínica Odontológica da Universidade Paranaense – Campus Francisco Beltrão, com o intuito de determinar o número de biópsias realizadas nos últimos seis anos, os diagnósticos mais frequentes, bem como, o número de vezes em que houve a confirmação da hipótese diagnóstica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo, de caráter retrospectivo, quantitativo, documental e descritivo, coletando dados secundários, de forma indireta através de prontuários e fichas de biópsia disponíveis nos acervos da Universidade, os quais foram analisados e posteriormente apresentados em forma de trabalho de conclusão de curso. Como resultados, obteve-se uma amostra equivalente a 51 fichas, sendo que as patologias mais frequentes foram a Hiperplasia Fibrosa Inflamatória e Atipias do Tecido Epitelial. A hipótese diagnóstica foi confirmada a partir do laudo histológico na grande maioria das vezes, totalizando 66%. Concluiu-se que o conhecimento dos cirurgiões-dentistas a respeito das lesões orais para indicação de exames complementares, escolha da técnica de biópsia adequada e decisão terapêutica correta é indispensável e determinante para o prognóstico dos pacientes.
Evaluation of pharmaceutical education in the State of Libya: An academic perspective
Authors: Milad Mohamd M. , Benkorah Amal Y.
Published: August 2021

Objective: This study evaluates the quality of educational standards in the colleges of pharmacy in the State of Libya using FIP-QA framework which is made of five sections representing the five pillars of quality, namely: context, structure, process, outcomes and impact.
Method: A questionnaire was constructed based on the indicators in each section of the framework. Answers were collected by distributing the questionnaire to eight colleges of pharmacy at public universities.
Results: 42 out of 50 professors completed the questionnaire. Most participants believe that the context, structure and process of pharmaceutical education in Libya require significant improvement in order to comply with international standards.
Conclusions: Since the impact of pharmacy education depends on the previous pillars, it is clear that the current curricula are inefficacious in producing graduates who have the competencies to exercise patient-centred roles, and to address the limitations in providing pharmaceutical care-related services.
O ensaio como forma e a narrativa como método: encontros com a Teoria Crítica e o feminismo negro
Authors: Nascimento Rafael Baioni do
Published: August 2021

Resumo: Partindo do pensamento de autores da Teoria Crítica da Escola de Frankfurt, Theodor Adorno e Walter Benjamin, e de autoras do feminismo negro, em especial bell hooks e Patricia Hill Collins, este texto defende a escrita ensaística e narrativa como uma alternativa às formas enrijecidas de produção científica. Tanto o ensaio quanto a narrativa, por serem profundamente baseados na experiência, melhor refletem o objeto e suas transformações históricas, assim como as transformações subjetivas correspondentes. O enrijecimento da ciência manifesto no uso de fórmulas prontas de escrita dissertativa e na reprodução de metodologias consagradas pode ser identificado com o colonialismo (capitalista, racista, patriarcal). O pensamento desenvolvido pela Teoria Crítica e pelas autoras do feminismo negro podem atuar como diferentes caminhos de resistência a serem imitados e recombinados criativamente.
Over 100x Faster Bootstrapping in Fully Homomorphic Encryption through Memory-centric Optimization with GPUs
Authors: Jung Wonkyung , Kim Sangpyo , Ahn Jung Ho , Cheon Jung Hee , Lee Younho
Published: August 2021

Fully Homomorphic encryption (FHE) has been gaining in popularity as an emerging means of enabling an unlimited number of operations in an encrypted message without decryption. A major drawback of FHE is its high computational cost. Specifically, a bootstrapping step that refreshes the noise accumulated through consequent FHE operations on the ciphertext can even take minutes of time. This significantly limits the practical use of FHE in numerous real applications.By exploiting the massive parallelism available in FHE, we demonstrate the first instance of the implementation of a GPU for bootstrapping CKKS, one of the most promising FHE schemes supporting the arithmetic of approximate numbers. Through analyzing CKKS operations, we discover that the major performance bottleneck is their high main-memory bandwidth requirement, which is exacerbated by leveraging existing optimizations targeted to reduce the required computation. These observations motivate us to utilize memory-centric optimizations such as kernel fusion and reordering primary functions extensively.Our GPU implementation shows a 7.02× speedup for a single CKKS multiplication compared to the state-of-the-art GPU implementation and an amortized bootstrapping time of 0.423us per bit, which corresponds to a speedup of 257× over a single-threaded CPU implementation. By applying this to logistic regression model training, we achieved a 40.0× speedup compared to the previous 8-thread CPU implementation with the same data.
Masking Kyber: First- and Higher-Order Implementations
Authors: Bos Joppe W. , Gourjon Marc , Renes Joost , Schneider Tobias , Van Vredendaal Christine
Published: August 2021

In the final phase of the post-quantum cryptography standardization effort, the focus has been extended to include the side-channel resistance of the candidates. While some schemes have been already extensively analyzed in this regard, there is no such study yet of the finalist Kyber.In this work, we demonstrate the first completely masked implementation of Kyber which is protected against first- and higher-order attacks. To the best of our knowledge, this results in the first higher-order masked implementation of any post-quantum secure key encapsulation mechanism algorithm. This is realized by introducing two new techniques. First, we propose a higher-order algorithm for the one-bit compression operation. This is based on a masked bit-sliced binary-search that can be applied to prime moduli. Second, we propose a technique which enables one to compare uncompressed masked polynomials with compressed public polynomials. This avoids the costly masking of the ciphertext compression while being able to be instantiated at arbitrary orders.We show performance results for first-, second- and third-order protected implementations on the Arm Cortex-M0+ and Cortex-M4F. Notably, our implementation of first-order masked Kyber decapsulation requires 3.1 million cycles on the Cortex-M4F. This is a factor 3.5 overhead compared to the unprotected optimized implementationin pqm4. We experimentally show that the first-order implementation of our new modules on the Cortex-M0+ is hardened against attacks using 100 000 traces and mechanically verify the security in a fine-grained leakage model using the verification tool scVerif.
ROTed: Random Oblivious Transfer for embedded devices
Authors: Branco P. , Fiolhais L. , Goulão M. , Martins P. , Mateus P. , Sousa L.
Published: August 2021

Oblivious Transfer (OT) is a fundamental primitive in cryptography, supporting protocols such as Multi-Party Computation and Private Set Intersection (PSI), that are used in applications like contact discovery, remote diagnosis and contact tracing. Due to its fundamental nature, it is utterly important that its execution is secure even if arbitrarily composed with other instances of the same, or other protocols. This property can be guaranteed by proving its security under the Universal Composability model. Herein, a 3-round Random Oblivious Transfer (ROT) protocol is proposed, which achieves high computational efficiency, in the Random Oracle Model. The security of the protocol is based on the Ring Learning With Errors assumption (for which no quantum solver is known). ROT is the basis for OT extensions and, thus, achieves wide applicability, without the overhead of compiling ROTs from OTs. Finally, the protocol is implemented in a server-class Intel processor and four application-class ARM processors, all with different architectures. The usage of vector instructions provides on average a 40% speedup. The implementation shows that our proposal is at least one order of magnitude faster than the state-of-the-art, and is suitable for a wide range of applications in embedded systems, IoT, desktop, and servers. From a memory footprint perspective, there is a small increase (16%) when compared to the state-of-the-art. This increase is marginal and should not prevent the usage of the proposed protocol in a multitude of devices. In sum, the proposal achieves up to 37k ROTs/s in an Intel server-class processor and up to 5k ROTs/s in an ARM application-class processor. A PSI application, using the proposed ROT, is up to 6.6 times faster than related art.
The SPEEDY Family of Block Ciphers
Authors: Leander Gregor , Moos Thorben , Moradi Amir , Rasoolzadeh Shahram
Published: August 2021

We introduce SPEEDY, a family of ultra low-latency block ciphers. We mix engineering expertise into each step of the cipher’s design process in order to create a secure encryption primitive with an extremely low latency in CMOS hardware. The centerpiece of our constructions is a high-speed 6-bit substitution box whose coordinate functions are realized as two-level NAND trees. In contrast to other low-latency block ciphers such as PRINCE, PRINCEv2, MANTIS and QARMA, we neither constrain ourselves by demanding decryption at low overhead, nor by requiring a super low area or energy. This freedom together with our gate- and transistor-level considerations allows us to create an ultra low-latency cipher which outperforms all known solutions in single-cycle encryption speed. Our main result, SPEEDY-6-192, is a 6-round 192-bit block and 192-bit key cipher which can be executed faster in hardware than any other known encryption primitive (including Gimli in Even-Mansour scheme and the Orthros pseudorandom function) and offers 128-bit security. One round more, i.e., SPEEDY-7-192, provides full 192-bit security. SPEEDY primarily targets hardware security solutions embedded in high-end CPUs, where area and energy restrictions are secondary while high performance is the number one priority.
Higher-Order Lookup Table Masking in Essentially Constant Memory
Authors: Valiveti Annapurna , Vivek Srinivas
Published: August 2021

Masking using randomised lookup tables is a popular countermeasure for side-channel attacks, particularly at small masking orders. An advantage of this class of countermeasures for masking S-boxes compared to ISW-based masking is that it supports pre-processing and thus significantly reducing the amount of computation to be done after the unmasked inputs are available. Indeed, the “online” computation can be as fast as just a table lookup. But the size of the randomised lookup table increases linearly with the masking order, and hence the RAM memory required to store pre-processed tables becomes infeasible for higher masking orders. Hence demonstrating the feasibility of full pre-processing of higher-order lookup table-based masking schemes on resource-constrained devices has remained an open problem.

In this work, we solve the above problem by implementing a higher-order lookup table-based scheme using an amount of RAM memory that is essentially independent of the masking order. More concretely, we reduce the amount of RAM memory needed for the table-based scheme of Coron et al. (TCHES 2018) approximately by a factor equal to the number of shares. Our technique is based upon the use of pseudorandom number generator (PRG) to minimise the randomness complexity of ISW-based masking schemes proposed by Ishai et al. (ICALP 2013) and Coron et al. (Eurocrypt 2020). Hence we show that for lookup table-based masking schemes, the use of a PRG not only reduces the randomness complexity (now logarithmic in the size of the S-box) but also the memory complexity, and without any significant increase in the overall running time. We have implemented in software the higher-order table-based masking scheme of Coron et al. (TCHES 2018) at tenth order with full pre-processing of a single execution of all the AES S-boxes on a ARM Cortex-M4 device that has 256 KB RAM memory. Our technique requires only 41.2 KB of RAM memory, whereas the original scheme would have needed 440 KB. Moreover, our 8-bit implementation results demonstrate that the online execution time of our variant is about 1.5 times faster compared to the 8-bit bitsliced masked implementation of AES-128.
Rainbow on Cortex-M4
Authors: Chou Tung , Kannwischer Matthias J. , Yang Bo-Yin
Published: August 2021

We present the first Cortex-M4 implementation of the NISTPQC signature finalist Rainbow. We target the Giant Gecko EFM32GG11B which comes with 512 kB of RAM which can easily accommodate the keys of RainbowI.We present fast constant-time bitsliced F16 multiplication allowing multiplication of 32 field elements in 32 clock cycles. Additionally, we introduce a new way of computing the public map P in the verification procedure allowing vastly faster signature verification.Both the signing and verification procedures of our implementation are by far the fastest among the NISTPQC signature finalists. Signing of rainbowIclassic requires roughly 957 000 clock cycles which is 4× faster than the state of the art Dilithium2 implementation and 45× faster than Falcon-512. Verification needs about 239 000 cycles which is 5× and 2× faster respectively. The cost of signing can be further decreased by 20% when storing the secret key in a bitsliced representation.
Chosen Ciphertext k-Trace Attacks on Masked CCA2 Secure Kyber
Authors: Hamburg Mike , Hermelink Julius , Primas Robert , Samardjiska Simona , Schamberger Thomas , Streit Silvan , Strieder Emanuele , Van Vredendaal Christine
Published: August 2021

Single-trace attacks are a considerable threat to implementations of classic public-key schemes, and their implications on newer lattice-based schemes are still not well understood. Two recent works have presented successful single-trace attacks targeting the Number Theoretic Transform (NTT), which is at the heart of many lattice-based schemes. However, these attacks either require a quite powerful side-channel adversary or are restricted to specific scenarios such as the encryption of ephemeral secrets. It is still an open question if such attacks can be performed by simpler adversaries while targeting more common public-key scenarios. In this paper, we answer this question positively. First, we present a method for crafting ring/module-LWE ciphertexts that result in sparse polynomials at the input of inverse NTT computations, independent of the used private key. We then demonstrate how this sparseness can be incorporated into a side-channel attack, thereby significantly improving noise resistance of the attack compared to previous works. The effectiveness of our attack is shown on the use-case of CCA2 secure Kyber k-module-LWE, where k ∈ {2, 3, 4}. Our k-trace attack on the long-term secret can handle noise up to a σ ≤ 1.2 in the noisy Hamming weight leakage model, also for masked implementations. A 2k-trace variant for Kyber1024 even allows noise σ ≤ 2.2 also in the masked case, with more traces allowing us to recover keys up to σ ≤ 2.7. Single-trace attack variants have a noise tolerance depending on the Kyber parameter set, ranging from σ ≤ 0.5 to σ ≤ 0.7. As a comparison, similar previous attacks in the masked setting were only successful with σ ≤ 0.5.
Food and You 2 - Wave 2
Authors: Armstrong Beth , King Lucy , Clifford Robin , Jitlal Mark
Published: August 2021

Food and You 2 is a biannual survey which measures self-reported consumer knowledge, attitudes and behaviours related to food safety and other food issues amongst adults in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. The survey is primarily carried out online using a methodology known as ‘push-to-web’. Fieldwork was conducted between 20 November 2020 and 21 January 2021. A total of 5,900 adults from 3,955 households across England, Wales and Northern Ireland completed the survey. Topics covered in the Food and You 2: Wave 2 Key Findings report include: Trust in FSA and the food supply chain Concerns about food Food security Eating out and takeaways Food allergy, intolerance, and other hypersensitivities Food safety in the home
SOBRE A ESPACIALIDADE E OS PROPÓSITOS DA EDUCAÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA
Authors: Arosa de Mattos Rafael
Published: August 2021

A geografia é muitas vezes vista no senso comum como um conjunto de conhecimentos sobre as caraterísticas de lugares, regiões e/ou territórios. Ao mesmo tempo, no ambiente acadêmico ainda são recorrentes as reflexões acerca da natureza epistemológica desta ciência. Este artigo é fruto de uma pesquisa de doutorado em geografia em andamento e pretende contribuir com as reflexões sobre as relações entre saberes científicos e escolares. Quais devem ser os propósitos e objetivos da educação geográfica realizada em contextos escolares? O que a educação geográfica apresenta de singular do ponto de vista epistemológico e que a diferencia de outros campos do conhecimento, disciplinas e visões do senso comum? As reflexões presentes neste trabalho se somam a outras publicações recentes na geografia brasileira e britânica que apontam para a importância da espacialidade dos fenômenos como ponto de partida para um raciocínio realmente geográfico.

Palavras-chave

Educação geográfica, Geografia escolar, Raciocínio geográfico.

 

SPATIALITY AND THE PURPOSES OF GEOGRAPHICAL EDUCATION

Abstract

Geography is often seen in common sense as a body of knowledge about the characteristics of places, regions and / or territories. At the same time, reflections on the epistemological nature of this science are still recurring in the academic environment. This article is the result of an ongoing PhD research in geography and aims to contribute to reflections on the relationship between scientific and school knowledge. What should be the purposes and objectives of geographic education carried out in school contexts? What is unique about geographic education from an epistemological point of view and what differentiates it from other fields of knowledge, disciplines and common sense views? The reflections present in this work are added to other recent publications in Brazilian and British geography that point to the importance of the spatiality of phenomena as a starting point for a truly geographic thinking.

Keywords

Geographic education, School geography, Geographic thinking.
Impacto da desnutrição na qualidade de vida de idosos institucionalizados no município de Itabuna - BA
Authors: Vieira Rodolfo Paula , Lima Caliana R.
Published: August 2021

A senescência, apesar de ser um processo natural, submete o organismo a diversas alterações anatômicas e funcionais, com repercussões nas condições de saúde e nutricional do idoso. A procura de instituições de longa permanência para idoso (ILPI), diante da perspectiva demográfica e social, está aumentando e representando uma nova alternativa de moradia para estes indivíduos. A institucionalização pode trazer inúmeras consequências, tanto positivas quanto negativas, como reflexos da adaptação à vida asilar. O objetivo do estudo foi de analisar a prevalência de desnutrição em idosos residentes em instituições geriátricas na cidade de Itabuna - BA correlacionando fatores psicológicos, cognitivos e a deficiência da capacidade funcional. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo e quantitativo, com idosos integrantes de uma ILPI do município de Itabuna - BA, sendo composta por indivíduos de ambos os sexos com idade maior ou igual a 60 anos, que aceitaram participar do estudo e em condições de realização da avaliação antropométrica. A amostra parcial foi composta por 43 idosos e os dados antropométricos coletados foram: peso, altura, IMC, circunferência do braço e da panturrilha e dados dietéticos foram obtidos através do questionário da Mini Avaliação Nutricional (MAN). As características das ILPI podem contribuir para o perfil nutricional encontrado. A obtenção de indicadores estatísticos de porcentagem de idosos com risco nutricional institucionalizados e estudos analíticos possibilitam a realização de intervenções precoces que favoreçam uma melhoria na qualidade de vida destes indivíduos que apresentem riscos nutricionais.
Tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico de má oclusão classe III: relato de caso clínico
Authors: Baldiviezo Cáceres Wilder Javier , Castro Merán Angie Patricia , Freitas Daniel Salvatore de , Freitas Karina Maria Salvatore
Published: August 2021

Relatar caso clínico de um paciente com maloclusão Classe III que tinha sido compensado ortodonticamente e que depois optou por realizar tratamento cirúrgico. Foi realizado o tratamento ortodôntico de descompensação para melhorar as inclinações dos incisivos superiores e inferiores. O caso foi planejado virtualmente por meio de software para simular tridimensionalmente o avanço maxilar e retração mandibular. Após a geração e impressão do guia cirúrgico, foi realizado o tratamento cirúrgico sob anestesia geral. Após o procedimento cirúrgico o paciente apresentou recuperação satisfatória, fazendo uso de aparelho para finalização ortodôntica. Após 5 meses de pós-operatório o aparelho ortodôntico foi removido para entrar na fase de contenção. No controle de 1 ano e 3 meses observou-se uma manutenção da estabilidade oclusal sem presença de recidiva. Ao controle radiográfico observou-se uma consolidação e remodelação óssea completa. O paciente apresentou apresentando um perfil característico de paciente Classe I. A combinação dos tratamentos ortodôntico e cirúrgico foram efetivos para correção da discrepância esquelética maxilomandibular do paciente que apresentava má oclusão de Classe III.
Implantes unitários curtos e extra-curtos na maxila como alternativa para enxertos ósseos: revisão de literatura e relato de casos clínicos com acompanhamento de 36 a 50 meses
Authors: Bezerra Fabio Jose Barbosa , Ghiraldini Bruna , Both Jackson , Carvalho Alexandre Marcelo , Ferrarez Lucas Lactim , Maior Bruno Salles Sotto
Published: August 2021

Este trabalho teve como objetivo revisar a literatura e relatar dois casos clínicos realizados na região posterior da maxila com alturas ósseas limitadas utilizando implantes unitário curtos e extra-curtos como alternativas às cirurgias de enxerto para elevação do assoalho do seio maxilar e acompanhados por um período de 36 a 50 meses. O planejamento reabilitador contou com a instalação de implantes com macrogeometria híbrida, câmaras de cicatrização e superfície nanoativada para compensar a limitação de altura e baixa densidade óssea presentes na região posterior da maxila. As reabilitações protéticas unitárias foram realizadas através de carga precoce (90 dias após a instalação dos implantes) e não houve intercorrências cirúrgicas ou protéticas durante o período de acompanhamento. Dentro dos limites deste estudo pode-se concluir que os implantes curtos ou extra-curtos utilizados em casos unitários podem ser uma alternativa de tratamento mais simples, com menor morbidade cirúrgica e menor tempo global de tratamento quando comparados aos tratamentos realizados com reconstruções ósseas.
Effect of Socio-demographic Status, Knowledge, and Attitude on Utilisation of Safe Delivery Practices among Mothers of Children attending Child Welfare Clinics in Osogbo, Nigeria
Authors: Olarewaju OS , Jegede OS , Oladimije O , Alamu OT
Published: August 2021

Background: Previous studies on attendance at delivery by skilled personnel have neglected childbearing women’s knowledge and attitude towards safe delivery practices. This study assessed factors influencing utilisation of safe delivery services among mothers of under-five children attending child welfare clinics in Osogbo.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at child welfare clinics in Osogbo, Nigeria. Respondents were selected using a multistage sampling technique. Data was collected using a semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23. Statistical association between safe delivery practices and socio-demographic factors, knowledge of and attitude towards safe delivery practices were determined using logistic regression and p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Four hundred out of the 420 eligible respondents completed the questionnaire giving a response rate of 95.2%. More than half of the respondents; 223 (55.8%) were < 30 years old. Many respondents; 193 (48.3%) and their spouses; 229 (57.2%) had attained tertiary education. Almost all respondents; 389 (97.3%) attended antenatal care during their last pregnancies. Utilisation of skilled birth attendants was associated with antenatal clinic attendance in last pregnancy (p<0.001).

Conclusion: The factors associated with utilisation of safe delivery services were respondent’s ages, educational attainment of the respondents and their spouses, and respondents’ attendance at antenatal clinic in last pregnancy. Implementation research on measures to promote antenatal and delivery services by skilled birth attendants is needed in order to increase utilisation of safe delivery practices by mothers.
Developing The Evaluation Scale of Female School Administrators
Authors: Tüzel İşeri Emel
Published: August 2021

The aim of this study is to present a measurement tool that will be used to measure the female stereotypes faced by women managers in the school organization, how women managers are perceived and how teachers evaluate the school administrators. The study group consisted of 221 teachers working in primary schools in Ankara. As a result of the analysis, a measurement tool consisting of 45 items and five sub-factors including “General Management Success”, “Authority Provision and Impact on Interpersonal Relations”, “Personality Characteristics”, “Family Life” and “Objectivity and Equal Treatment” has been introduced. The Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficients of the factors were calculated as. 96, .94, .93, .94, .90 and. 98 for all items. The variances explained by the factors were 19.797%, 13.190%, 12.529%, 12.127% and 11.122% respectively. The total variance of the five factors was determined as 68.765%. The results show that the scale structure has been validated and that can be used as a valid and reliable tool in determining the evaluations of teachers among female school administrators.
Inventario de Saberes Ancestrales para la Gestión Cultural de las Etnias de la Selva Central del Perú
Authors: Ninalaya Casallo Marino , Huaranga Rivera Herbert Víctor
Published: August 2021

El propósito de este estudio fue realizar un inventario de saberes ancestrales para la gestión cultural de las etnias de la selva central del Perú, es una investigación de corte cualitativa, empleando para la recolección de datos, el análisis documental, la observación directa, la fotografía, el inventario histórico del perfil de las etnias, entrevistas y estudios cualitativos de casos y temas particulares. Asimismo, la hermenéutica sirvió para interpretar y entender la descripción de los datos registrados y convertirlos en texto accesible para el público interesado, los datos sistematizados han sido objetos de contrastación con la teoría social existente. Las etnias sobre las cuales se hizo la indagación e inventario fueron: Ashaninka, Kakinte, Yanesha, Nomatsiguenga y Shibibo –Konibo; y fue sobre su cosmovisión, instrumentos de caza, pesca y recolección, prácticas ancestrales de salud, gastronomía ancestral y juegos recreativos. Los pueblos originarios de la nación amazónica ostentan una gran diversidad cultural viviente que cotidianamente lo manifiestan en sus relaciones sociales y con la naturaleza, la gestión y transmisión de este patrimonio constituye una herramienta fundamental para su desarrollo y bienestar.
Do intra ao interpessoal: a trajetória das paixões e uma retórica da alma
Authors: Ferreira dos Santos Júnior Valmir
Published: August 2021

Resenha do livro: FIGUEIREDO, Maria Flávia; GOMES, Acir de Matos; FERRAZ, Luana (Org.). Trajetória das paixões: uma retórica da alma. Franca: Unifran, 2020. 566p.