bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human praxis, alternative thinking, and heterogeneous culture – Zygmunt Bauman’s revisionist thought
Authors: Brzeziński Dariusz
Published: October 2022

Zygmunt Bauman was one of the leading revisionists in Poland before March 1968. Together with six other academics he was expelled from the University of Warsaw on the basis of the decision of the Minister of Higher Education taken on the 25st March 1968. It should be stressed, however, that at the beginning of his academic career Bauman had been a staunch believer of the Polish United Workers’ Party and an adherent of the Marxist-Leninist ideology. In his first revisionist paper, published soon after the Polish October, he criticized the previous policy of the Party and expressed his hope that significant changes will take place in Poland. As a result of Party withdrawal from the reforms, his attitude towards both the communist rule and Marxism-Leninism had been changing. This paper analyses the evolution of his thought towards revisions. It presents the characteristic features of Bauman’s revisionism as well: an emphasis on human praxis, alternative thinking, and heterogeneity of culture.
Getting hands dirty: on Adam Schaff’s political writings
Authors: Świrek Krzysztof
Published: October 2022

Adam Schaff was one of the most important Marxist philosophers in Poland. His work well documents the time, when Marxism was an 'official philosophy', burdened with political responsibilities and problems of strategy. The text is a critical analysis of Schaff's political writings. It highlights the most specific traits of his often paradoxical position, that was termed in literature as 'orthodox-revisionism'. Schaff tried to meet double and often conflicting requirements: tried to develop Marxist theory by posing problems unforeseen by the classics, and to stay faithful to what he understood as strategic interests of socialist countries at the same time. It will be argued, that even in its theoretical shortcomings, his writings are still among the most important resources for reflection on complex and tragic history of the Left in 20th Century.
Just how conservative is conservative predictive processing?
Authors: Gładziejewski Paweł
Published: October 2022

Predictive Processing (PP) framework construes perception and action (and perhaps other cognitive phenomena) as a matter of minimizing prediction error, i.e. the mismatch between the sensory input and sensory predictions generated by a hierarchically organized statistical model. There is a question of how PP fits into the debate between traditional, neurocentric and representation-heavy approaches in cognitive science and those approaches that see cognition as embodied, environmentally embedded, extended and (largely) representation-free. In the present paper, I aim to investigate and clarify the cognitivist or ‘conservative’ reading of PP. I argue that the conservative commitments of PP can be divided into three distinct categories: (1) representationalism, (2) inferentialism, and (3) internalism. I show how these commitments and their relations should be understood and argue for an interpretation of each that is both non-trivial and largely ecumenical towards the 4E literature. Conservative PP is as progressive as conservatism gets.
Semantic internalism is a mistake
Authors: Bielecka Krystyna
Published: October 2022

The concept of narrow content is still under discussion in the debate over mental representation. In the paper, one-factor dimensional accounts of representation are analyzed, particularly the case of Fodor's methodological solipsism. In methodological solipsism, semantic properties of content are arguably eliminated in favor of syntactic ones. If “narrow content” means content properties independent of external factors to a system (as in Segal's view), the concept of content becomes elusive. Moreover, important conceptual problems with one-factor dimensional account are pointed out as a result of analysis arguments presented by J. Searle, S. Harnad and T. Burge. Furthermore, these problems are illustrated with psychological and ethological examples. Although understanding content as partially independent from contextual factors allows theorists to preserve content properties, it seems that understanding content in total abstraction from external factors of these properties is implausible. As a result, internalism is rejected in favor of externalism.
Quadros e enquadramentos metalinguísticos
Authors: Barbosa Afonso , Mousinho Luiz Antonio
Published: October 2022

Este artigo procura desenvolver uma leitura crítica de Saneamento básico, o filme, de 2007, dirigido e roteirizado por Jorge Furtado, com especial atenção para os mecanismos que a obra utiliza no sentido de construir sua trama permeada de elementos intertextuais, a partir de usos rearticulados que os ressignificam pela entonação. Para isso, tomaremos por apoio a teoria dialógica do discurso, do Círculo de Bakthin, observando aspectos do texto fílmico e de seu contexto de produção, investigando elementos recorrentes no longa-metragem de Jorge Furtado, com atenção à sua dimensão metalinguística em quadros e enquadramentos que caracterizam as marcas de estilo do diretor.
Antecedentes biopsicossociais do compartilhamento do saber
Authors: Souza Leonardo Pereira Pinheiro de , Da Silva Rafaela Carolina , Rodrigues Gomes de Mello Mariana , Zago Júnior Paulo Henrique , Bassan de Moraes Cássia Regina
Published: October 2022

Num contexto mercadológico hipercompetitivo e informacionalmente intensivo, gerenciar o conhecimento é vital. O conhecimento é uma criação da mente humana e representa poder simbólico para o detentor, resultando na necessidade de motivação para o seu compartilhamento. A Teoria da Troca Social versa sobre os mecanismos envolvidos nas relações de troca de benefícios entre sujeitos, destacando a reciprocidade, o trabalho em grupo e o altruísmo como forças motivadoras. Enquanto a Filosofia discute interesses egocêntricos na relação do sujeito e coletividade, a biologia mostra o altruísmo como a chave do sucesso evolutivo. A psique humana é complexa, admitindo a coexistência da cooperação e da competição na partilha do conhecimento. Objetiva-se investigar o que motiva os humanos a compartilharem conhecimento, compreendendo as configurações e os aspectos mais destacados na literatura acadêmica sobre a interação entre a Teoria da Troca Social e a Gestão do Conhecimento. Como procedimentos metodológicos efetuou-se uma busca na base de dados Scopus sobre a interação entre a Teoria da Troca Social e a Gestão do conhecimento, realizando-se uma análise de co-ocorrência de palavras-chave, por meio do software VosViewer. Finalmente, foi feita uma análise qualitativa do significado das palavras-chave mais relevantes mediante os artigos mais citados. Como resultados, ressaltou-se as palavras-chave com maior afinidade na forma de agrupamentos, destacando os termos mais utilizados em cada agrupamento, para leitura e sumarização dos artigos mais citados que os continham. Os trabalhos mais citados mostraram a necessidade de criar estratégias motivacionais, formando um ambiente propício ao compartilhamento de conhecimento e mitigando o temor da perda de poder pessoal como consequência dessa partilha.
Social interaction and anxiety: the role of olfactory stimulation
Authors:   Prof. V.  F.  Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Panina Yu.A. , Lopatina O.L. ,   Prof. V.  F.  Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University
Published: October 2022

Autism is a neurodevelopment disorder with impaired social communication and stereotypical behavior. Olfactory stimulation has interesting eff ects. By using the olfactory stimulation we can change social behavior and anxiety in mice.
Age peculiarities of psycho-emotional stress of indigenous residents of the arctic
Authors:   Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone SB RAS, Kolosova O.N. , Belchusova E.A. ,   Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone SB RAS, Nikolaeva E.N. ,   Medical Institute of the M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University
Published: October 2022

To identify the age characteristics of the psycho-emotional tension of the indigenous inhabitants of the Arctic (Evenks), permanently residing in the Olenek Evenki national region. Th e highest level of psycho-emotional stress is found in Evenk men in the age group of 35-50 years, and in Evenk women in the age group of 51-64 years.
Application of some kinesiology methods in teaching wind instruments
Authors:   Dmitry Hvorostovsky Siberian State Academy of Arts, Epova E.M. , Voitkevich S.G. ,   Dmitry Hvorostovsky Siberian State Academy of Arts
Published: October 2022

Th e aim of the research. To study the impact of using various methods of educational kinesiology in the process of learning to play a wind instrument. Materials and methods. Analysis of the formation of the kinesiological direction in the context of its historical development. Adaptation of exercises, which are borrowed from educational kinesiology to the system of music education. Results. Th e emergence of musical kinesiology as a separate branch of kinesiology. Consideration of its positive impact on the process of learning to play a wind instrument and, as a result, an increase in the quality of training of musicians. Conclusion. Th e use of kinesiological methods helps to diversify classes in musical institutions and helps to increase interest in the profession of a performer. Confl ict of interest. The authors declare the absence of obvious and potential confl icts of interest associated with the publication of this article.
The basic level of oxytocin in children’s patients suffering from autism spectrum disorders
Authors:   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Pichugina Yu.A.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. A modern assessment of the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders indicates an increase in the number of patients [1]. As a rule, rates up to 3-4 cases per 10,000 of the population refl ect the prevalence of typical forms of autistic disorders, such as early childhood autism and Kanner’s syndrome [2]. With a broader assessment of other disorders that are included in the group of general disorders of mental development, the prevalence rates increase from 7.6 per 1000 to 157 per 10,000 [3, 4]. A signifi cant increase in patients with childhood and older autism inevitably leads to the actualisation of scientifi c research on social problems [5]. Th e aim of the research: to study the social characteristics of patients with autistic disorders of childhood, hospitalised in a psychiatric hospital for the fi rst time. Results: a ccording to the results of a comparative analysis, children with autism were signifi cantly more have a disability group than children with mental retardation (53.3 % and 13.5 %, p<0.05), and were also signifi cantly less to be social orphans and were fully supported by the state till the time of fi rst hospitalisation (2.6 % and 35.1 %, p<0.05). It was found that a relatively comparable number of children of both groups lived in single-parent families (20.5 % and 25.7 %); statistical signifi cance corresponded to the level of random diff erences in this indicator. Th ere was a clear trend towards a more prosperous situation for autistic children. Patients with autism spectrum disorder were less likely than those with intellectual disability to be in care (5.1 % vs. 21.6 %) and also less likely to have parents with alcohol or drug addiction (7.7 % vs. 20.3 %). However, the assessment of statistical signifi cance in order to recognise the signifi cant diff erences between groups in these parameters did not reach a statistically signifi cant level. Conclusions: it was found that paediatric patients with autism spectrum disorders, who were first hospitalised in a hospital, were significantly more come from a more prosperous family environment than patients with mental retardation
Molecular pathways of serotoninergic neurons regulation in murine brain in metabolic syndrome of various etiologies
Authors:   Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Mikhailova E.V.
Published: October 2022

Serotonin system participates in control of feeding behavior and energy balance jointly with hypothalamic neurohormonal systems. Tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (TPH2) is a key enzyme in serotonin biosynthesis in CNS. We compared TPH2 level in the hypothalamus and the midbrain and to evaluate neuroprotective mechanisms activated in metabolic syndrome.
The role of the melanocortin system in the regulation of the functional activity of dopamine and norepinephrine neurons in the brain
Authors:   Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry,, Mikhrina A.L.
Published: October 2022

In the mammalian brain AgRP is expressed in the neurons of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC). The obtained data indicate the inhibitory effect of AGRP on the DA- and NE- brain neurons, which can effect through GPCR asossiated MCR3/4 signaling and through GPCR uncoupled.
Atomic force microscopy of erythrocytes in pancreonecrosis patients
Authors:   University REAVIZ, Pakhomova R.A. , Gulikyan G.N. ,   Clinical Hospital «Russian Railways-Medicine»
Published: October 2022

Th e purpose of the study. Improve the results of early diagnosis of pancreonecrosis based on the examination of the cytoplasmic membrane of red blood cells. Material and methods. The morphological and physiological state of erythrocyte was examined using an Integra Aura atomic power microscope (CJSC NTMDT, Russia). A total of 37 people without somatic pathology and 38 patients with pancreonecrosis were examined. Th e cell membrane of each erythrocyte was scanned as well as each cell as a whole. A total of 940 red blood cells were examined. The Nova soft ware was used to process the data received with the AFM. Results. Our study has shown that the shape of the erythrocyte does not change in pancreonecrosis. However, structural changes of the membrane occur manifested by formation of multiple erosions on its surface against the background of POL activation, which leads to its deformation and increased adhesion. These changes reduce the transport capacity of the blood, which, in our opinion, leads to an increase in the general intoxication of the body and to deterioration in the condition of the patient. Conclusion. Apparently, the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products in the membrane causes its reorganisation, the number of sedentary conglomerates and lipid clusters increases, leading to a decrease in the speed of movement of protein molecules against the background of the rigidity of the erythrocyte membrane and deformation of its surface. In addition, increased adhesion of the erythrocyte membrane seems to disrupt not only the gas transmission function of the erythrocyte, but also the microrheological status of the blood, binding and transfer of amino acids, lipids, viruses and drugs.
Features in chemiluminescence of neutrophils in cardiac surgical patients in the postoperative period
Authors:   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Dunaevskaya S.S. , Cherednichenko M.V. ,   Krasnoyarsk regional hospital, Makarskaya G.V. ,   Institute of Computational Modeling, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2022

The aim of the research. To study the changes in luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of neutrophils in cardiac surgical patients in the early postoperative period. Material and methods. A cohort prospective study was conducted, enrolling 45 cardiac surgical patients aft er medial sternotomy. Th e gender composition of the clinical group was 37 (82.2 %) men and 8 (17.8 %) women, the average age in the group was 59.29 [37.2; 72.1] years. Chemiluminescent analyses were performed in the preoperative period and 1-3 days after surgery. Results. Evaluation of functional activity of leukocytes is an important parameter characterising homeostasis and protective reactions of the macroorganism. Leukocyte reactivity analysis is a signifi cant parameter in development of various pathological states, including operational stress since functional activation of white blood cells increases the production of cytotoxic and biologically active substances aff ecting the pathogenesis of the development of an inflammatory reaction. An increase in the rate of formation of reactive oxygen species was found in both spontaneous and luminol-activated reactions and the total functional activity of neutrophils was determined. It may be assumed that in the pathological process under study, the reaction of formation of reactive oxygen radicals in neutrophilic granulocytes occurs, to a greater extent, through the myeloperoxidase pathway. Conclusion. Th us, the induction of the reaction by luminol caused an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species, which lets us assume the increase in the reserve metabolic capabilities of neutrophil granulocytes in patients in the early postoperative period.
Сorrelation between the level of 25(OH)D3 in blood, the content of antimicrobial peptides in oral fluid and dental caries intensity in young individuals
Authors:   Chita State Medical Academy, Putneva A.S. , Mishchenko M.N. ,   Chita State Medical Academy, Karavaeva T.M. ,   Chita State Medical Academy, Mudrov V.A. ,   Chita State Medical Academy, Maksimenya M.V. ,   Chita State Medical Academy, Drozdova A.M. ,   Chita Medical College, Tsybikov N.N. ,   Chita State Medical Academy, Pateyuk A.V. ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: October 2022

Th e aim of the research. correlation analysis between the DMFT index, the content of the active form of vitamin D – 25(OH)D3 in blood and the level of protective proteins in mixed saliva in young individuals with dental caries. Material and methods. The content of vitamin D metabolite in serum of young individuals with dental caries was evaluated using the chemiluminescent immunoassay method. The concentrations of the antimicrobial peptide – cathelicidin LL-37, alpha-defensin 1-3, secretory immunoglobulin A, lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) in oral fluid were determined using the ELISA method. During dental examination, the analysis of dental caries intensity was conducted through calculating the DMFT index. Statistical processing of the study results was carried out with the “IBM SPSS Statistics Version 25.0” (International Business Machines Corporation, USA) soft ware package. Results. A noticeable inverse relationship between DMFT values, the level of 25(OH)D3 in serum and the values of LBP and sIgA in saliva has been revealed. The content of cathelicidin LL-37, alpha-defensin 1-3, secretory immunoglobulin A and LBP in the oral fl uid of young individuals with dental caries decreases against the background of a low level of serum 25(OH)D3, while noticeable direct correlations between the active form of vitamin D and the value of cathelicidin LL-37, alpha-defensin 1-3 and LBP have been registered. Conclusion. Th e established close relations between the carious process intensity, the volume of 25(OH)D3 in the organism and the immune parameters of saliva confi rm the pathogenetic signifi cance of shift s in the system of oral cavity protection factors.
Diagnosis Confirmation of Inclusion Bodies Hepatitis on Broiler Chicken using Polymerase Chain Reaction Method
Authors: Rahmahani Jola , Kirana Maha , Rantam Fedik Abdul , Suwarno Suwarno
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to diagnose cases of Inclusion Bodies Hepatitis (IBH) in broiler chickens. A total of 6 chickens were collected from farms in Banten and Jember. Samples were taken from the liver which underwent changes such as brittle, yellowish in color and enlarged. The samples were ground and extracted, then the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test was performed using Primers Hexon A (5'-CAARTTCAGRCAGACGGT-3') and Hexon B ( 5'-TAGTGATGMCGSGACATCAT-3' ) with 897 bp length. The results showed that the broiler chicken case sample from Banten was positively 100% infected by the IBH Virus.
Risk Factors of Parvovirus in Dogs at De’ Lab Pet Clinic, Bekasi
Authors: Harelas Genoveva Callista , Arimbi Arimbi , Hamid Iwan Sahrial , Praja Ratih Novita , Yunita Maya Nurwartanti
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to determine the percentage of parvovirus, risk factor analysis, and describe the symptoms and treatment of parvovirus. The study was conducted by surveying, collecting secondary data from patient medical records and Bekasi City’s rainfall data, data recording, data unification, and data analysis. Data analysis was presented descriptively and tested using Chi-Square and Odds Ratio (OR). The results shows the percentage of parvovirus was 2%. The rainfall factor <150mm/month significant to the risk of parvovirus (p<0,05) and increase the risk of parvovirus 0,154 times. The age factors 0-6 month significant to the risk of parvovirus (p<0,05) and increase the risk of parvovirus 0,017 times. The breed factors not significant to the risk of parvovirus (p>0,05) and don’t increase the risk of parvovirus. The main symptoms seen in parvovirus include vomiting, diarrhea especially bloody diarrhea, and fever. The main components treatments are fluid therapy, antibiotic, antiemetic, and nutritional support. The administration of other drugs can be given to dogs whose administration must be adjusted to their respective conditions.
Risk Factors and Incidence of Escherichia coli Producing Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) in Dairy Cattle
Authors: Dameanti Fidi Nur Aini Eka Puji , Akramsyah Muhammad Ali , Hasan Chyntia Silvi Yanti , Amanda Jacky Teguh , Pratama Alfaro Rikko , Fahmiantika Reza , Tedja Dhaneswara , Izofani Safira , Sutrisno Rahayu
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the risk factor and insidence of Extended-spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL) produced by Escherichia coli in dairy cattle. The samples obtained were 38 rectal swabs from dairy cows from the Successful Mutual Livestock Group, Deyeng Village, Kediri Regency, East Java. The study started with interviews and observations using a questionnaire to obtain data on risk factors (source of drinking water, cleanliness of feedlots, cleanliness of drinking places, administration of antibiotics, history of mastitis). A sampling of the rectal swab of cattle was carried out using Nutrient Broth as carrier media. Isolation of bacteria using Mac Conkey Agar (MCA) media with the antibiotic cefotaxime 1 mg/L. The addition of antibiotics is intended so that the bacteria that grow are coliform bacteria resistant to the cefotaxime antibiotic, a beta-lactam group. Bacterial isolation was continued with MCA media to enrich ESBL bacteria. Bacterial identification was continued on EMBA media, gram staining, IMViC biochemical test, TSIA, and urease to obtain isolates of E. coli bacteria. The E. coli isolates tested for ESBL Double Disc Synergy Test (DDST) phenotype. The close relationship between each risk factor and the incidence of ESBL-producing E. coli was tested statistically using the Spearman Rank correlation test. The results showed that the incidence of ESBL-producing E. coli in the tested samples was 21.05%, or there were eight positive samples of ESBL-producing E. coli. The risk factors for finding a positive incidence of E. coli producing ESBL in this study were 87% of the use of drinking water sources from wells, 25% did not pay attention to the cleanliness of drinking places, 25% did not pay attention to the cleanliness of eating places, 38% were given antibiotics during maintenance, and 100% had a history of mastitis. These risk factors were not statistically closely related to the incidence of ESBL-producing E. coli.
Surgery Management Post Ovulatory Egg Stasis in Corn Snake (Pantherophis guttatus)
Authors: Sari Dian Ayu Kartika , Apritya Desty , Rahman Muhammad Noor
Published: October 2022

Post Ovulatory Egg Stasis or dystocia is difficulty releasing eggs. The incident was experienced by a female snake due to an obstructive tract. A four years old corn snake (Pantherophis guttatus) female with clinical symptoms that appear are anorexia for two weeks. The condition of the coelomic cavity is still large after 7 days of laying eggs. The results of physical examination showed that the snake had a distended coelomic cavity, pale mucous membrane, hard and smooth palpation when palpated. The results of x-ray examination showed that there was an oval radiopaque formation in the coelomic cavity. Coeliotomy surgery is performed to remove the eggs by the salpingotomy method. The general anesthetic used was a combination of zolazepam-tiletamine at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight and meloxicam 0,1 mg/kg body weight was given. Postoperative therapy was oxytetracycline 10 mg/kg body weight, dexamethasone 5 mg/kg body weight and vigantol E® 0,1 mg/kg body weight. The general condition of the snake after 5 days improved and the wound had dried up. Then 2 weeks after surgery the stitches in the skin were removed when shedding of the skin.
Endemism and evolution of Podostemaceae in Phou Khao Khouay National Park, Lao PDR
Authors:   Botanical Gardens, Osaka Metropolitan University, Katano, Osaka 576-0004, Japan., Koi Satoshi , Kato Masahiro ,   Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba 305-0005, Japan
Published: October 2022

Podostemaceae of the Phou Khao Khouay National Park and adjoining areas (PKK Area) in Lao PDR were recorded in separate papers, and scattered data make it difficult to gain the whole picture of their diversity and evolution. Our literature research enumerated 18 species and six genera, which account for 43% of species and 55% of genera indigenous to Laos, including 13 PKK Area-endemic species (72%) and three PKK Area-endemic genera (50%). The richness and endemism of species and genera of the PKK Area have the highest density in Asia. Most likely, the genera and all nine endemic species of Hydrobryum evolved in the PKK Area. Four endemic species of Hydrobryum are ribbon-like/subcylindrical-rooted and sympatric with foliose-rooted congeners. The evolutionary way is opposite to the early one in the ancestor of the Hydrobryum clade; the 2-way evolution, together with sympatry, is suggested to be non-adaptive. Two species are perhaps polyphyletic in the initial stage of phylogenetic-species transition. The characteristics of the Podostemaceae found in the PKK Area are important in the context of both biological science and conservation.
A Modified single frequency PPP method for the Positioning and Time transfer with BDS-3
Authors: OuYang Mingjun , Zhu Xiangwei , Li Junzhi , Yang Liu
Published: October 2022

In this paper, four types of open service signals of BDS-3 satellite (B1I, B1C, B2a, and B3I) and B2I signals broadcasted by BDS-2 satellites were used in the time frequency transfer and positioning experiments with signal coexisting in BDS system, and the single frequency PPP (precise point positioning) method was used. Modified GRoup And PHase Ionospheric Correction (GRAPHIC) method was proposed and verified by the experiment. The results show that 18 selected stations can achieve decimeter-level positioning results with single frequency. Compared with the general observation method, the proposed modified GRAPHIC method improves the stability and precision of positioning and timing significantly, and the positioning accuracy of 5 frequency signals is increased 40.4%, 32.2%, 80.3%, 12.4%, and 10.3%, respectively. The frequency stability can reach the same accuracy as that of dual-frequency with BDS in the current state.
Gut Microbiota and Time-Restricted Feeding/Eating: A Targeted Biomarker and Approach in Precision Nutrition
Authors: Zeb Falak , Osaili Tareq M. , Obaid Reyad S. , Naja Farah , Radwan Hadia , Cheikh Ismail Leila , Hasan Hayder , Hashim Mona , Alam Iftikhar , Sehar Bismillah , Faris MoezAlIslam
Published: October 2022

Each individual has a unique gut microbiota; therefore the genes in our microbiome outnumber the genes in our genome by about 150 to 1. Perturbation in host nutritional status influences gut microbiome composition and vice versa. The gut microbiome can help in producing vitamins, hormones, and other active metabolites that support the immune system; harvest energy from food; aid in digestion; protect against pathogens; improve gut transit and function; send signals to the brain and other organs, oscillating the circadian rhythm and coordinate with host metabolism through multiple cellular pathways. Gut microbiota can be influenced by host genetics, medications, diet, and lifestyle factors from preterm to aging. So before prescribing a customized treatment, it is crucial to monitor and count the gut flora as a focused biomarker. Many nutritional approaches that have been developed help in maintaining and restoring an optimal microbiome such as specific diet therapy, nutrition interventions and customized eating patterns. One of these approaches is time-restricted feeding/eating (TRF/E), a type of intermittent fasting (IF) in which a subject abstains from food intake for a specific time window. Such a dietary modification might alter and restore the gut microbiome for proper alignment of cellular and molecular pathways throughout the lifespan. In this review, we have highlighted that gut microbiota would be a targeted biomarker and TRF/E would be a targeted approach for restoring the gut microbiome associated molecular pathways like hormonal signaling, the circadian system, metabolic regulators, neural responses, and immune-inflammatory pathways. Consequently, modulation of gut microbiota through TRF/E could contribute in proper utilization and availability of the nutrients and in this way confer protection against diseases for harnessing personalized nutrition approaches to improve human health.
Image Segmentation for Human Skin Detection
Authors: Leite Marcelo , Parreira Wemerson Delcio , Fernandes Anita M. R. , Leithardt Valderi Reis Quietinho
Published: October 2022

A single paragraph of about 200 words maximum. For research articles, abstracts should give a pertinent overview of the work. We strongly encourage authors to use the following style of structured abstracts, but without headings: (1) Background: place the question addressed in a broad context and highlight the purpose of the study; (2) Methods: describe briefly the main methods or treatments applied; (3) Results: summarize the article’s main findings; (4) Conclusions: indicate the main conclusions or interpretations. The abstract should be an objective representation of the article, it must not contain results which are not presented and substantiated in the main text and should not exaggerate the main conclusions.
From Panarchy to World-Ecology: Combining the Adaptive Cycle Heuristic with Historical-Geographical Approaches to Explore Socio-Ecological Systems’ Sustainability
Authors: Menegat Stefano
Published: October 2022

This article investigates the dynamics of socio-ecological systems (SESs) unsustainability. By adopting a theoretical standpoint grounded in systems’ theory, the analysis shows how SESs’ teleology (or final cause) is of the utmost relevance for understanding unsustainability and how it is pivotal for envisioning possible evolutionary trajectories towards sustainability. Building on the contributions of both system and social scientists, the study argues that SES’s teleology is determined by dominant social ontologies that require a dialectical lens to be properly dealt with. The article therefore proposes the adoption of the adaptive cycle heuristic complemented by an historical-geographical approach based on world-ecology theory as a means to dynamically model of SESs’ behaviour. Such a perspective allows for the direct comparison between the four stages of the panarchy cycle (reorganization, exploitation, conservation, and release) and the four stages theorized by the world-ecology dialectics (expansion, appropriation, capitalization, crisis). In conclusion, the article claims that both system and social scientists would benefit from including in their analysis concepts and definitions from the other field, since both provide valuable insights about SESs' processes of change and both are necessary to envision transition pathways towards sustainability.
Moving grid method for numerical simulation of ternary solution crystallization process
Authors: Gusev Andrey Olegovich
Published: October 2022

The crystallization process of ternary alloy in the rectangular growth chamber is considered. The mathematical model accounts for crystallization interface movement, convective mass transfer in the solution, diffusion mass transfer in crystal, equilibrium conditions at the phase transition interface. The conservative finite volume scheme is constructed on the boundary-fitted moving grid. The discrete counterparts of conservation laws for kinetic energy and mass are satisfied in the numerical model. The effect of growth chamber dimensions on the crystal composition is studied numerically.
Micro-Climate modification around the Warri Refining and Petrochemical Company, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Geography and Regional Planning, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria, Verere Balogun , P.A Odjungo
Published: October 2022

Emissions from refineries impact on the micro-climate of the area in which they are situated. The study examined the micro-climate parameters (atmospheric temperature, relative humidity and wind speed) and pollutant concentration (Particulate Matter- PM2.5 μm, and PM10 μm, Carbon monoXide - CO, Volatile Organic Compounds - VOCs, Hydrogen sulphide - H2S, Sulphur dioXide -SO2 and Nitrogen dioXide - NO2) around Warri Refining and Petrochemical Company (WRPC), Nigeria and its environs. The study revealed that pollutant concentration and urbanization process associated with the activities at WRPC influence the micro climate around same. Land Surface Temperature Analysis also revealed the occurrence of a „heat island‟ covering the refinery, including adjoining built-up areas. The study recommends extensive tree planting and use of alternative green energy sources to reduce emissions from refinery activities and fossil fuel use.
Role of Leaders’ Positive Communication in Facilitating Change
Authors: Amir Muhammad Taufiq
Published: October 2022

Coping with unexpected and unprecedented challenges, particularly in managing change, is part of a leader’s function. Change often presents problems and tensions between the parties involved, which can derail the achievement of their objectives. For change to be successful, leaders need to build morale, unify individual and departmental aspirations, and positively influence such change. This study explores positive communication models that can facilitate leaders in managing change. By reviewing the literature of positive communication in the areas of a positive organization, particularly involving the integrative approach and constructive interaction, this study found the certain ways of communication that can encourage effective change agents while reducing the resistance of the individual change target. This work reveals that the constructive and integrative dimension of positive communication may facilitate the change agent to be more internally directed and purpose oriented. On the other hand, questioning and discovery emphasize the affection aspects and will lessen the resistance and make change target those who are more open and eager to collaborate.

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Neuroendoscopic Fenestration of Quadrigeminal Cistern Arachnoid Cyst Presenting with Developmental Regression
Authors: Kim Sanghoon , Kim Ki Hong
Published: October 2022

Quadrigeminal cistern arachnoid cyst is rare and not usually located in the tectal plate region. Such a cyst may extend to the surrounding area and compress adjacent structures due to cystic expansion. Arachnoid cysts occasionally are associated with hydrocephalus and produce related symptoms. In our case, a 20-month-old boy presented with developmental regression and macrocephaly. Image study of the brain demonstrated a large cyst on the superior portion of the posterior fossa with extension to the supratentorial space and a compressed cerebellum inferiorly and brain stem anteriorly. Lateral and third ventricles were enlarged severely. We performed lateral ventriculo-cystostomy by neuroendoscope via a precoronal approach. Additional third ventriculostomy was performed on the floor of the third ventricle. At 9 months after surgery, the patient showed restored development, and postoperative image showed a reduction of arachnoid cysts and lateral and third ventricles.
Lithofacies Characteristics and Sweet Spot Distribution of Lacustrine Shale Oil: A Case Study from the Dongying Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, China
Authors: Ma Pengjie , Lin Chengyan , Li Guiang , Dong Chunmei , Jiang Long , Du Xinyu , Ren Minhua , Liu Weibin , Zhao Ziru , Yuan Yue , Lang Kaihao
Published: October 2022

Lacustrine shale is characterized by rapid lithofacies transformation and compositional heterogeneity, which present challenges in shale oil sweet spot evaluation and distribution prediction and should be systematically studied. Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), low-pressure adsorption isotherm analysis, mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), and triaxial compression testing were employed to comprehensively analyze the oil-bearing capacity, reservoir properties, fluidity, and frackability of different lithofacies. Via analyses of mineral composition, total organic carbon (TOC) content, and sedimentary structure, seven lithofacies were identified: organic-rich calcareous shale (L1), organic-rich laminated calcareous mudstone (L2), organic-rich laminated carbonate-bearing mudstone (L3), intermediate-organic laminated calcareous mudstone (L4), organic-poor laminated calcareous mudstone (L5), organic-poor thin-bedded calcareous mudstone (L6), and organic-rich laminated silty mudstone (L7). Considered together, the oil-bearing capacity, reservoir properties, fluidity, and frackability suggested that the L1 and L7 lithofacies were high-quality sweet spots, with satisfactory oil-bearing capacity (TOC>3.5%; S1>10 mgHC/grock), well-developed pores and microfractures, notable fluidity (as indicated by a high oil saturation index value), and suitable brittleness. The sweet spot distribution was predicted according to multiresolution graph-based clustering analysis of well logs. The results indicate that comprehensive research of the key factors for shale oil and lithofacies prediction can promote sweet spot prediction and enhance shale oil exploration.
Successful Progressing Cavity Pump Reliability Improvement Project in an Oman Steamflood
Authors: Noonan Shauna , Al Jabri Jasim , Al Janadi Bassam , Rubiano Edward
Published: October 2022

Progressing Cavity Pumps (PCP) are used for artificial lift to minimize the flowing bottomhole pressure at the initial stage of cold, low-volume, high-sand-production wells in a heavy oil steamflood in the Sultanate of Oman. While both metallic and elastomeric stators have been installed in this field, the vast majority of the pumps are of the elastomeric variety.

In 2016, a study to improve the reliability and uptime of elastomeric PCP systems was conducted. This initiative included manufacturing visits, new bench test acceptance criteria, improved root cause failure analysis, updated training of personnel, and new pump selection and design criteria. Operational guidelines were also created and implemented with limitations on speed, torque, and pump intake pressure.

There were many lessons learned during the process that are shared in this paper. One lesson learned was that the legacy fit between the rotor and stator was creating unnecessary heat for the elastomer, thereby reducing its bottomhole temperature operational limit, which is extremely important in a steamflood.

By working collaboratively with the PCP provider to follow the new criteria and guidelines, the PCP failure rates have decreased by 41% and the pull rates for non-failure of the PCP systems decreased 57% by the end of Q1 2020. As a result, costs were reduced and well production uptime increased.

This paper provides details about this PCP improvement initiative and demonstrates how better practices and procedures with existing technology can lead to significant financial and production improvements. It also describes technology advancements being introduced to expand the elastomeric PCP operating envelope further for high-temperature applications.
Analysis of Different Natural Production Flow Paths in ESP Completions
Authors: Banjar Hattan , Alzayer Jawad , Munif Eiman
Published: October 2022

Wells with electric submersible pumps (ESPs) installed are sometimes allowed to produce naturally under certain circumstances such as when the ESP fails. The paths of natural production can be through the ESP stages, an auto flow valve (AFV) or through the bypass section of a Y-tool if installed. To understand the effect of different natural production scenarios on the flowing bottom hole pressure and the maximum achievable flowrate, a comprehensive sensitivity analysis is conducted.

In this study, hydraulic calculations are carried out to determine the frictional pressure losses through ESP pump stages and the Y-tool bypass section. Results are compared with AFV pressure drop, published in the literature. The effect of ESP size and oil density will be investigated. It is assumed that the number of ESP stages, wall roughness for ESP housings, casing and Y-tool, lengths of the ESP and the bypass section, and viscosity will be constant. It is also assumed that the wellbore/reservoir fluids are solids-free.

Results will be discussed thoroughly in the paper. It is shown that for relatively low flow rates, naturally producing through any of the three options is comparable. As flow rate increases, the frictional pressure losses increase, especially through the pump stages. Results also indicate that as ESP stages become smaller, flow will encounter a relatively much higher pressure drop across the ESP stages.
Upthrust in Electrosubmersible Pumps and Failure Analysis Applied Chi Square Test, Case Study Ecuador.
Authors: Ayala Diego , Padilla Wilson , Araujo Bolivar , Ayala Silvia
Published: October 2022

The present study was carried with the purpose to determine the relationship between the operation curves of electrical submersible pumps (ESP) with possible mechanical failures when more fluid is pumped than it was designed for, the study focuses on finding relevant information that allows to identify a trend in the occurrence of premature wear in the equipment, also by applying the Chi square test it is expected to determine the existence of the relationship between failures and overproduction, leaving a probabilistic basis to sustain this operational reality.

The correct well selection is fundamental, ESPs must have technical, operational similarities and even produce from the same pay zone and from the same field, this uniformity creates a baseline that facilitates the analysis between failures and operational condition of the ESPs. The statistical study is carried out from the frequency of appearance of failures, these data are later used to apply Chi square and establish if there is dependence between failures and overproduction.

Overproduction has a negative effect on the equipment, in the selected wells this condition is aggravated when the well reaches a %BSW greater than 92% causing an increase in failures of 40%, this is even evident in infant mortality failures at the beginning of ESP's operational life. In working conditions within the design range, the first failures appear up to the fourth month, but in upthrust this time is shortened to the first month after the installation of the pump. The operational challenges of the wells vary over time and this dynamic of requirements must be considered as a design factor because at some point the well will increase its water production rate and the production requirements will force to modify the operational variables demanding the equipment to work outside its maximum efficiency point. This work provides a bivariate probabilistic analysis which is focused on providing additional elements to affirm with criteria that overproduction affects ESP equipment.

There is a wide discussion about the operating conditions that can cause failures in ESPs, this study identifies the critical value from which the percentage of BSW affects the equipment when pumps operate in upthrust, identifying this operating variable will allow the design of pumps that consider overproduction as one of its conditions to not affect the performance.

It has been widely proven that working out of range affects equipment performance, however, there is no mathematical function that describes the relationship between upthrust and generated failures, this study performs a bivariate analysis using Chi square test to establish the correlation between failures and range of operation, thus providing elements that support this link and therefore to increase the knowledge about the ESPs behavior in real conditions.
Investigation of an Unexpected Flow Event for a Duvernay Artificial Lift System and Optimization for Future Installation
Authors: Jami Rafat , Prasad Shawn Shamedra
Published: October 2022

This paper summarizes the work of a client project investigating an "unexpected flow phenomenon" observed for an operational downhole jet pump installed in a deep, high-pressure, light hydrocarbon-condensate well in the Duvernay region of Western Alberta. The jet pump appeared to allow the well to produce multiphase condensate, water, and Non-Condensable Gases (NCGs) without the injection of power fluid. Due to a lack of understanding of the cause of this phenomenon, the well production rate could not be predicted for future installations. The objective of this work was to understand the underlying mechanisms causing this flow occurrence, and subsequently use the findings to optimize the artificial lift pump without the use of the injection system.

This study was structured into three tasks: creating a custom fluid model for the Duvernay well; importing the custom model into Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations to model the flow through the jet pump; and verifying the accuracy of the simulations with a coupled wellbore analysis of the Duvernay system. The fluid model was created with an in-depth Pressure-Volume-Temperature (PVT) analysis using the chemical composition of the production fluid determined from field samples. The Duvernay fluid model consisted of density, viscosity, and specific heat relationships as a function of the local temperature and pressure. The fluid model was implemented into three-dimensional (3D) multiphase flow CFD simulations of the existing jet pump to characterize the flow.

The results showed that the jet pump nozzle created a sharp pressure drop triggering the hydrocarbon mixture to flash from a supercritical fluid phase to a gas-liquid mixture resulting in a gas-lift effect that produced flow to surface. A one-dimensional (1D) radial wellbore analysis was conducted for a large range of production flow rates at the current field wellhead pressure to generate a well outflow curve. The discharge pressure of the CFD results was compared to the wellbore pressure at the pump depth to verify the results of the simulations. Using further CFD simulations, the pump was optimized by changing the nozzle and diffuser designs to reduce downstream turbulence and improve discharge pressure recovery. Lastly, a parametric study was conducted using CFD for multiple mass flow rates and nozzle diameters to create a semi–empirical model to predict production rates for any given pump size.

This model was used for a second case study to test feasibility in future Montney region wells, in which optimal pump specifications were sized based on the region's downhole properties. The results of this case study showed that this new optimized pump has the capability to produce flow rates in wells that do not naturally produce condensate, with a predictive model having been developed to choose the ideal pump geometry specifications to maximize the outflow.