bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparación de producción de compost con diferentes formulaciones de residuos de origen vegetal y pecuario
Authors: Corrales Sillo Esthela Elizabeth , Luna Murillo Ricardo Augusto , Carrión Benavides Cristian Daniel , Quinatoa Lozada Eduardo Fabián , Espinoza Coronel Ana Lucia
Published: July 2024

Se realizaron tres estudios en el cantón La Maná, provincia de Cotopaxi, enfocados en la producción de abonos orgánicos mediante la reutilización de residuos de fincas  agrícolas y ganaderas, los cuales estuvieron centrados en procesos de descomposición y compostaje, con  el objetivo de encontrar soluciones sostenibles que no solo fueran eficientes en la gestión de desechos, sino también en desarrollar métodos efectivos y aplicables para los cultivos. Los lugares fueron: centro experimental “La Playita” Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi, abonos orgánicos a partir de residuos animales y vegetales (estiércol bovino y residuo de pastos Setaria sphacelata), Comuna San José del Estero producción de humus a través de la lombriz roja californiana mediante el aprovechamiento del raquis del orito (Musa acuminata), tierra de huerto, estiércol bovino y hojarasca y Centro experimental “Sacha wiwa” empleando residuos de: cacao, pasto de corte, pasto de pastoreo y forrajeros. Se analizaron variables como: temperatura (°C), humedad (%), pH, peso total sobre humus (kg), conversión materia prima/ producción humus, análisis químico del compost. Se observaron temperaturas desde 22,26 a 33,97°C; humedad de 74,47 a 77,10%; pH 7,18 a 8,08, peso de humus de 18,46 a 37,50 kg y conversiones de 1,39 a 2,78. El mejor rendimiento se reporta en la formulación: Tierra de huerto 6,81 kg+ Raquis de orito 11,36 kg + Estiércol bovino 25,00 kg + hojarasca 4,54 kg) con 37,50 kg de humus de la Comuna San José del Estero. La composición química de los macro y micro elementos varían en cada experimento.
Análisis de eficiencia energética de un Sistema Fotovoltaico Aislado (SFA) para una estación de carga
Authors: Tacuri Chavez Bryam Jose , Rivas Villa Mayra Gabriela , Moscoso Bernal Santiago Arturo
Published: July 2024

La energía renovable nace de fuentes naturales inagotables, por lo que su uso disminuirá la operación excesiva de fuentes no renovables. En Ecuador, por ley se promueve el uso de energías renovables no convencionales. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar la eficiencia y factibilidad de un Sistema Fotovoltaico Aislado (SFA) fijo con un SFA móvil. Esto se logró con el uso de: paneles solares, baterías, controladores de carga MPPT, estructuras metálicas, cables, modulo Arduino Uno, transformador y un servomotor MG996R para el control del panel, además se usó PVGIS para realizar la simulación de cada sistema. Como resultado se obtuvo que un SFA móvil, el cual, a nivel energético es más eficiente que un SFA fijo, con un 13 % más de producción. Sin embargo, el costo de implementación no se compensa con la producción obtenida. Por otro lado, comparando un SFA fijo con doble potencia con un SFA móvil y un SFA fijo, a nivel energético es superior, sin embargo, se necesita más espacio para la implementación al contar con dos paneles. En conclusión, un SFA fijo con doble potencia es superior a todos los sistemas anteriormente planteados, puesto que, el costo de implementación se compensa con la cantidad de energía producida.
Diseño Cognitivo e Interacción
Authors: Rojas Rodríguez Claudia Isabel
Published: July 2024

Diseño cognitivo e interacción. Sistematización de experiencias con adultos mayores, es un libro que registra a través de la descripción de los elementos fundantes del método científico, los elementos centrales resultado de la sistematización de algunas experiencias investigativas de la autora, en las que describir la interacción entre el mundo tecnológico y las personas mayores, constituyó el objetivo de intervención. El reto común entre las investigaciones sistematizadas, consistió en favorecer la intersección entre las teorías de la comunicación, la interacción y el diseño cognitivo desde la perspectiva ergonómica. Su contenido, propone la hibridación entre los métodos participativos de las ciencias sociales y los enfoques de investigación de las áreas creativas, como camino para dilucidar criterios de orden objetivo y subjetivo, factibles de generalizar a manera de categorías y formulaciones teóricas útiles al oficio de diseñar en favor de la calidad de los procesos interactivos de cualquier población.
Strategic Management in Islamic Full Day School ‎Institutional Development in the Era of Artificial ‎Intelligence
Authors: M Hadi Prasetyo  , Istikomah‎  , Eni Fariyatul  , Normadiah bin Daud  , Engku Ahmad Zaki bin Engku Alwi
Published: July 2024

Manajemen strategi dalam pengembangan kelembagaan islamic full day school memiliki komponen utama yaitu yang pertama analisa lingkungan organisasi berfungsi sebagai deteksi awal dan prediksi ancaman dan peluang, kedua analisa profil organisasi berfungsi sebagai deteksi kelemahan dan kekuatan oraganisasi, ketiga startegi organisasi berfungsi sebagai pencapaian tujuan organisasi.[1]. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan case study. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam manajemen strategi dalam penegembangan kelembagaan islamic full day school di era artfical intelegen, terdapat tiga hal yang harus diperhatikan, pertama, manajemen strategi, diproses ini dipelukan analisis SWOT, dilakukan secara menyeluruh terhadap lingkungan internal dan eksternal sekolah, mengidentifikasi kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang, dan ancaman pendidikan masa depan yang berkaitan dengan penggunaan teknologi. Dengan analisis tersebut akan mempermudah penyusunan visi dan misi serta target dan program. Selanjutnya Kedua. Strategi Pengembangan Kelembagaan, memerlukan Rencana Strategis (RENSTRA), yang merupakan dokumen yang berisikan tujuan jangka panjang dan jangka pendek pendidikan masa depan dalam penggunaan teknologi Artifical Intelegence (AI). Rencana tersebut meliputi langkah-langkah spesifik yang harus diambil untuk mengintegrasikan pendidikan masa depan  dalam kegiatan sehari-hari sekolah. Dan perlu diperhatikan yakni penguatan fundamental, penguatan eksistensi dan membangun kemitraan serta komunitas. Ketiga Sistem Penjamin Mutu, dilakukan secara komintem dan konsisten dalam pengembangan kelembagaan, maka secara otomatis lembaga tersebut lembaga berkualitas. Sesuai dengan ketentuan kementerian pendidikan dan kebudayaan sistem penjaminan mutu, diselenggarakan oleh intern lembaga atau disebut dengan Sistem Penjamin Mutu Internal (SPMI)  dan yang diselenggarakan oleh Pemerintah sebagai penanggungjawab utama dari sistem mutu pendidikan atau Sistem Penjamin Mutu Eksternal (SPME).
 
[1] Nazarudin, Manajemen Startegik, NoerFikri Offset, 2020.
Tradisi Sandingan Menjelang Bulan Puasa Menurut Hukum Adat dan Hukum Islam
Authors: Yuliyati Dewi , Muhammad Torik  , Bitoh Purnomo
Published: July 2024

Tradisi Sandingan menjelang bulan puasa adalah sebagai bentuk rasa syukur atas datangnya bulan ramadhan dan rasa kasih sayang serta berdoa untuk kerabat yang sudah meninggal, dengan cara menyiapkan sesajen dan membacakan surah Yasin berserta Tahlil. Masyarakat Desa Wana Mukti Percaya bahwa roh orang meninggal tidak serta merta hilang dari dunia. Untuk itu peneliti ingin mengetahui hukum-hukum tradisi Sandingan menjelang bulan puasa menurut hukum adat dan hukum Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tradisi Sandingan menjelang bulan puasa yang ada di Desa Wana Mukti Kecamatan Pulau Rimau Kabupaten Banyuasin. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian kualitatif, yang membahas tentang tradisi Sandingan menjelang bulan puasa menurut hukum adat dan hukum Islam. Metode yang digunakan untuk pengumpulan data dilakukan secara observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Dalam penelitian ini ada dua sumber data yang digunakan yaitu sumber primer yang diperoleh dari Tokoh Agama, Tokoh Masyarakat, Kepala Desa dan penduduk setempat, data sekunder diperoleh dari buku-buku yang berkaitan dengan penelitian. Menurut hukum adat dan hukum Islam bahwa tradisi Sandingan menjelang bulan puasa ini mubah, karena sebagai bentuk rasa syukur atas datangnya bulan Ramadhan dan rasa kasih sayang serta berdoa untuk kerabat yang sudah meninggal, tetapi menurut hukum Islam ada yang tidak sesuai yaitu seperti menyia-nyiakan makanan atau tabzir.
Tradisi Mahar Berupa Emas Pada Perkawinan Masyarakat Kecamatan Tanjung Senang Perspektif Hukum Islam Dan Hukum Posistif
Authors: Jayusman  , Shafra  , Miti Yarmunida  , Nurfatati
Published: July 2024

Dowry is a condition of marriage. However, the shape and size are not specified. Anything of value can be used as a dowry. The tradition of the people of Tanjung Senang sub-district is that the dowry is in the form of gold. The problem of this research is: what is the perspective of Islamic law on the practice of dowry in the form of gold in the Tanjung Senang sub-district community? After collecting data in the form of interviews and analyzing it, this research concludes that: The tradition of dowry in the form of gold is inherent and brings benefits to the people of Tanjung Senang District, and is in line with Islamic law and Positive Law in Indonesia. The dowry value is related to the education, profession, and social status of the future wife and husband, and the family discussions between both parties. There is a wedding dowry in the form of gold alone or added with other items. This tradition is in line with and accommodated by Islamic law and positive law in Indonesia.
THE POTENTIAL OF TEQUIL, A PLANT EXTRACT BASED ON QUILLAJA SAPONARIA, IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
Authors: CONZA VALERIO , GALLO ALESSANDRO , CONZA ROBERTO
Published: July 2024

More attention is being given to researches of eco-sustainable solutions to be implemented in agriculture, particularly in the presence of plant parasitic nematodes, whose damages have significant global importance. Unsustainable practices, such as fumigation and monoculture, have led to depletion of biodiversity, allowing harmful trophic groups (bacteria, fungi, and nematodes) to prevail, and their negative synergistic action further exacerbating yield losses. Considering the notable and progressive restriction of usable molecules, nematode control strategies must necessarily consider the appropriate integration of methods. The main objective of control is to limit pathogen populations below the damage threshold, rather than aiming at their eradication as mistakenly pursued in the past. This goal can be achieved with the help of solutions that promote plant development through biostimulation of root systems, which are often affected by various organisms in the biosphere. Tequil, through its well-documented synergy of saponins, tannins, and polyphenols, produces invigorating, biostimulating, and strengthening effects on the root system. Indeed, in vitro tests and field trials have highlighted Tequil’s appreciable activity in containing trophic groups, particularly root-knot nematodes of the Meloidogyne genus. Therefore, its use could indirectly contribute to nematode control and limit yield losses. Key Words: Quillaja saponaria, nematodes, bio stimulation, biocontrol, abiotic stresses resistance.
Effects of electrical stimulation of the lower extremities on postprandial hyperglycemia and arterial stiffness
Authors: Ra Song-Gyu , Miura Hajime , Iwata Takashi
Published: July 2024

[Purpose] To compare the acute effects of electrical stimulation (ES) of the lower extremities on postprandial hyperglycemia and arterial stiffness during oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT).[Methods] In a randomized crossover study, eight healthy young men completed three experimental trials in which they underwent ES for 30 min, starting 60 min before (Before) or 30 min after (After) ingesting 75 g of glucose; ES was not performed in the control trial (Control). The subjects’ blood glucose levels and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were measured as an index of arterial stiffness at baseline and 30, 60, and 120 min after glucose ingestion. Serum insulin levels were measured at baseline and 60 min after glucose ingestion.[Results] The subjects’ glucose intake led to an increase in their blood glucose concentration in all trials, however, in the After trial, ES resulted in significantly lower blood glucose concentrations at 60 min post glucose ingestion compared to the Control and Before trials. The area under the curve (AUC) of serum insulin concentrations during the OGTT in the After trial was significantly lower than that in the other two trials. Moreover, glucose ingestion did not increase the baPWV, however, 30 min of ES during the postprandial state acutely reduced the baPWV.[Conclusion] These results suggest that ES is most effective in reducing postprandial hyperglycemia when administered after a meal. Thus, lower extremity ES may be an alternative exercise method to activate postprandial glucose metabolism in healthy individuals.
The Consistency Between Motor Repertoire of Low Birth Weight/Preterm Infants and Results of Cranial Ultrasound Evaluation: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Akleylek Cansu , Tuna Filiz , Özdemir Hande , Karal Yasemin , Tuna Hakan
Published: July 2024

The study aimed to investigate the results and early agreement of Prechtl analysis and cranial ultrasonography results in infants. In this cross-sectional retrospective study, we examined 64 babies who were born before 37 weeks gestational age with a birth weight under 2500 grams and were followed up between January 2015 and June 2017. We analyzed video footage taken during the weeks of the cases using Prechtl analysis to determine their movement patterns. We then compared the results of the motion analysis with the cranial ultrasonography examination results using Kappa test statistics to determine their compatibility. With the Prechtl analysis results, 57 (89.1%) of the cases were evaluated as 'normal general movements' and 7 (10.9%) as 'abnormal general movements'. While findings of pathology were detected as a result of cranial ultrasonography in 9 (14.1%) babies, no findings were observed in 55 (85.9%) babies. An 85.7% (kappa = 0.857) agreement was found between general movements results and cranial ultrasonography results. In risky babies with prematurity and low birth weight, early rehabilitation decisions as a result of general movements evaluation may contribute to reducing disability due to neurodevelopmental disorders.
Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) drive innovative advances in rechargeable metal-ion batteries: a review
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Zou Xiangyu , Lv Menglan , Zhang Bin
Published: July 2024

In the field of energy storage technology, the organic electrodes, separators, and electrolytes have unique advantages over inorganic materials, such as low cost, environmental friendliness, and a wide range of applications. Due to the advantages of organics such as light elements, abundant reserves, and recyclability, they have become favorable candidate materials for solving the energy storage problems caused by the fossil energy crisis. In recent years, as a high-performance branch of covalent organic frameworks, covalent triazine structures (CTFs) have attracted great interest due to their applications in electrochemical energy storage. CTFs have gradually become excellent organic materials for metal-ion batteries applications due to their large specific surface area, nitrogen richness, customizable structural features, and electron donor-acceptor/conductive parts. However, the relatively poor conductivity of the triazine ring in the main structure and the harsh polycondensation conditions limit its commercial application. To overcome these challenges, many effective strategies have emerged in terms of structural optimization, functional construction, and triazine-based composites. This review summarizes in detail the synthesis methods and applications of CTFs cathodes, electrolytes, and separators in the past decade. It is found that for CTFs, large-scale synthesis methods and performance regulation strategies have reached a bottleneck. It is hoped that the systematic summary of this review will provide strategic screening and prospects for the further expansion of CTFs research in next-generation batteries.
Asymmetric Effects of COVID-19 Deaths and Oil Price Shocks on Stock Market Returns in Some Selected African Countries: Evidence From Nonlinear ARDL Approach
Authors: DRAMA Bédi Guy Hervé
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the asymmetric impact of oil price shocks and COVID-19 total deaths on Kenya, Morocco, Nigeria and South Africa stock market returns. To achieve this objective employing weekly time series data from March 13, 2020 to September 23, 2022, first, we apply the BDS test which confirm the nonlinearity of each series. Second, stationarity tests are used to investigate each series for unit root. The results show that series are stationary in level and in first difference. Third, the bounds test reveals that the series have a cointegration relationship and we apply the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) ARDL framework to decompose oil price into positive and negative partial sum to investigate a possible asymmetric effect of oil price on stock market returns. The main findings of the asymmetric ARDL model reveal that, in the short-run dynamic, a positive shock in the oil price have a negative and positive effect on stock market returns in Morocco and South Africa respectively. The result is insignificant for Kenya and Nigeria. A negative shock in the oil price have a negative effect on the stock returns in Nigeria, South Africa and in Kenya, Morocco with one period lag. Furthermore, in the long-run, a positive shock in oil price exerts a negative effect on the stock market performance in Morocco and Nigeria while a negative shock in oil price leads to a negative effect also on the stock market returns. The total deaths present a counterintuitive result. Both in the long-run and short-run dynamic, the total number of deaths due to COVID-19 have a significant increasing effect on stock market returns in Kenya, Morocco and South Africa except for Nigeria.
ANÁLISE HIDRODINÂMICA DE UM REATOR ELETROQUÍMICO DE LEITO POROSO A PARTIR DOS MODELOS DE DISPERSÃO AXIAL E DE RECIRCULAÇÃO DO FLUIDO EM LOOP
Authors: Ariello Ana Flavia , Carolina Gomes Pires Mocelin  , Marcelo Kaminski Lenzi  , Haroldo de Araújo Ponte
Published: July 2024

Efluentes contaminados por sulfeto de hidrogênio podem ser tratados utilizando reatores eletroquímicos de oxidação. O tempo de permanência do contaminante dentro do reator deve ser adequado para que conversões desejáveis sejam alcanças. O padrão de fluxo e as não idealidades de um reator eletroquímico de leito poroso de carbono vítreo reticulado, para conversão de sulfeto de hidrogênio, foram investigados e caracterizados utilizando testes experimentais de determinação de tempo de residência. Foi empregada a metodologia de perturbação em pulso para obtenção das curvas de distribuição do tempo de residência, com cloreto de sódio como traçador, para três vazões de alimentação de água destilada, de 3 Lh-1, 4 Lh-1 e 5 Lh-1. Os modelos teóricos de dispersão axial, com três combinações de condições de contorno, e o modelo de recirculação em loop foram avaliados para definir a configuração mais adequada em relação à curva experimental da distribuição do tempo de residência. Os modelos que melhor representaram os dados experimentais foram o de dispersão axial com condição de fronteira fechada-aberta, e o de fluido em loop com três estágios de mistura ideal. Os resultados teóricos confirmam que ambos os modelos representam um comportamento de fluxo do reator próximo à de um reator de mistura perfeita ideal. Ambos os modelos podem ser utilizados para prever o comportamento hidrodinâmico do reator, para avaliação do grau de dispersão do reagente, e para o tempo de residência médio do reator.
ENVELHECIMENTO POPULACIONAL NA MICRORREGIÃO DE SANTA ROSA-RS E SUAS REPERCUSSÕES NO CAMPO DA SAÚDE PÚBLICA
Authors: Alf Gallon Alexandra , Mueller Airton Adelar
Published: July 2024

Este estudo teve como objetivo discutir as repercussões do processo de envelhecimento populacional na Microrregião Santa Rosa - RS, a partir da perspectiva dos gestores municipais da saúde. As literaturas apontam para o crescimento da população idosa em diversas regiões do mundo, no Brasil, o estado do Rio Grande do Sul se destaca no processo de envelhecimento populacional, sendo que algumas regiões do estado se encontram mais avançadas neste processo, logo o campo da saúde também precisa estar preparado para contemplar as demandas dessa população. Este estudo qualitativo de análise de conteúdo buscou a coleta de dados através de uma entrevista semiestruturada. Na análise dos dados emergiram três categorias de análise: A perspectiva do envelhecimento pelos gestores municipais, a saúde dos idosos e as suas heterogeneidades e o serviços de saúde ofertados. Salienta-se que o estudo apontou que gestores municipais possuem consciência que a população de seus municípios está envelhecendo. Além do que, as ações voltadas para a promoção da saúde da população idosa estão associadas à presença de equipe multiprofissional de saúde e de adesão a programas de federais. Evidencia-se a necessidade de ampliar promoção de saúde dos idosos e fortalecer espaços de participação social desta população.
DETERMINAÇÃO DA REGIÃO OCUPADA POR FLUIDO NO PROCESSO DE SEPARAÇÃO POR PENEIRAS VIBRATÓRIAS UTILIZANDO UM MÉTODO DE RASTREAMENTO DE SUPERFÍCIE
Authors: Barbosa Rafael Yuri Medeiros , Gedraite Rubens
Published: July 2024

Fragmentos de rocha formam-se continuamente durante a perfuração de poços de petróleo. Esses cascalhos são removidos do poço pelo fluido de perfuração, sendo essencial separá-los do fluido por razões econômicas e ambientais. A unidade de controle de sólidos desempenha o papel crucial de realizar essa separação, tornando o fluido apto para reutilização e preparando os cascalhos para descarte. As peneiras vibratórias, primeiros equipamentos do sistema de separação, apesar de robustas, têm telas frágeis, frequentemente substituídas durante a operação. A literatura destaca que a vida útil das telas é maximizada com 75% preenchidos por fluido, mas correlações específicas entre as variáveis operacionais e a ocupação da tela não são encontradas. Este trabalho visa apresentar um modelo matemático que relaciona a distribuição de fluido nas telas de uma peneira vibratória com as variáveis operacionais. Utilizando o método dos volumes finitos de alta ordem e o rastreamento de superfície para tratar a fronteira livre, o modelo foi resolvido. Simulações, com alimentação isenta de sólidos, mostraram resultados coerentes com o modelo, permitindo obter a distribuição de material nas telas de uma peneira vibratória.
Ansys HFSS Evaluation of Periodic ZnO Nanorod Metamaterial Unit Cell for Terahertz Broadband Antireflection Coatings
Authors: Madhuvairy Rishikesh
Published: July 2024

This paper proposes a theoretical silicon dioxide (SiO2) solar cell based dielectric metamaterial unit surface consisting of zinc oxide (ZnO) periodic nanorods of bandgap energy of 2.2-2.4eV. It evaluates the absorptive efficiency of the film using S-parameter and Z-parameter testing of magnitude, return/insertion loss, and impedance matching with respect to a frequency band of 0.0014-10.5THz. Terahertz applications of the result are considered due to potential scope for infrared (IR) and microwave (MW) spectral selectivity with ZnO. Calculations of input n-impedance and loss tangents are also presented with emphasis on the exhibition of antireflection to gauge the performance of the thin-film meta-surface in tandem solar cells. The data for the reflectance parameters of this structure, primarily the S11 loss and impedance matching (dB/dB10) are compared to those of prior investigations with different metamaterial coatings on SiO2 solar photovoltaic cells, as well as ZnO nanorods used in photovoltaic applications, to ascertain the cylindrical meta-surface structure with the preset thicknesses of the study being an effective anti-reflector. Application can be extended to other broadband domains requiring plasmonic graded refractive surfaces, in further work.
Study of Diagnostic Image Legend Quality in the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Published Literature
Authors: Mupparapu Mel , Hong Derek J , Hong Brad M , Singer Steven R , Almuzaini Anwar A , Kim Irene H
Published: July 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of legends associated with diagnostic images in the published oral and maxillofacial radiology literature using a novel rating scale. Images and their corresponding legends were randomly selected from published manuscripts over the last ten years in the Oral Radiology journals, namely Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Imaging Science in Dentistry, Oral Radiology, and Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology Oral Radiology. An Image Quality Rating Scale (IQRS) was introduced to assess the quality of the legends associated with images. A program was developed for the rating scale form using Google Apps Script API to gather and analyze the data. The rating scale ranged from 1 to 5, with 5 as the highest rating. The highest average IQRS rating for one journal was 3.04. The overall IQRS rating average across all four journals was 2.87, which is 2.13 rating scores lower than the ideal score of 5. There is room for improvement in the legends that accompany diagnostic images and figures in the oral and maxillofacial radiology literature. A proper legend provides an excellent diagnostic teaching opportunity for the reader and enhances the quality of a publication.
A Fibration of Fermat Surface in Characteristic
Authors: Zhong Xiaokun
Published: July 2024

Let S be a Fermat surface of degree 5 and let k be an algebraically closed field of characteristic p = 2. We give a fibration ƒ: S → P with upper limit 1 and lower limit k, and investigate the geometric properties of fiber of ƒ. Furthermore, we investigate the fibration-preserving automorphisms group AutPwith upper limit 1 and lower limit k(S) of ƒ. We obtain that AutPwith upper limit 1 and lower limit k(S) is a p-group of order 256.
M-Learning: A Computationally Efficient Heuristic for Reinforcement Learning with Delayed Rewards
Authors: Mora Cortes Marlon Sneider , Perdomo Chary Cesar Andrey , Perdomo Oscar J.
Published: July 2024

The current design of reinforcement learning methods demands exhaustive computing. Algorithms such as Deep Q-Network achieved outstanding results in the development of the area. However, the need for thousands of parameters and training episodes is still a problem. Thus, this document proposes a comparative analysis of the Q-Learning algorithm (the inception to create Deep Q Learning) and our proposed method termed M-Learning. The comparison among algorithms using Markov decision processes with delayed reward as a general testbench framework. Firstly, a full description of the main problems related to implementing Q-Learning, mainly about its multiple parameters. Then, the foundations of our proposed heuristic with its formulation and the whole algorithm were reported in detail. Finally, the methodology chosen to compare both algorithms was to train the algorithms
in the Frozen Lake environment. The experimental results and an analysis of the best solutions found that our proposed algorithm highlights the differences in the number of episodes necessary and their standard variations. The code will be available on a GitHub repository once the paper is published.
Separation of siderite from calcite by differential reaction with dilute ethanoic acid: mineralogical and isotopic (δ13C, δ18O) effects
Authors: Crowley Stephen F. , Hughes Thomas
Published: July 2024

A simple procedure is described for the separation of siderite, from mixtures of siderite and calcite, for carbon and oxygen isotope analysis based on the selective decomposition of calcite by reaction with stoichiometric excess ethanoic acid. Artificial mixtures, prepared from two naturally occurring materials (concretionary siderite containing approximately equal quantities of low-Mg and high-Mg siderite, and low-Mg calcite), are used to test the selectivity of calcite removal, investigate the potential for differential acid decomposition of siderites of differing geochemical composition, and assess the effect of separation procedures on the isotopic composition of recovered carbonate. Acidification results in complete removal of calcite and only minor (< 2 wt %) siderite decomposition. Isotopic effects are limited with minimal difference between untreated (experimental control) and acid-treated materials. Discrepancies are attributed to preferential decomposition (greater reactivity) of (low δ13C, δ18O) high-Mg over (high δ13C, δ18O) low-Mg siderite in moderately acidic solvents. Observed departures from true isotopic compositions are insignificant for most geochemical applications when compared with other sources of uncertainty associated with the interpretation of siderite stable-isotope data sets in natural systems.
Sociological Dimensions of the Application of Islamic Inheritance in Indonesia
Authors: Bachri Syabbul , Roibin Roibin , Ramadhita Ramadhita
Published: July 2024

Differences in place and time, shifting conditions and situations, and societal changes cannot be avoided. However, there is a view that Islamic inheritance law is specific and fixed so that it cannot be modified. This study examines the application of inheritance law using the perspective of double movement theory by looking at the sociological dimensions that developed in Indonesia. This research is a sociological, legal research using qualitative data. The approach used in this research is socio-historical, intended to determine generalizations based on specific historical facts related to the application of Islamic inheritance law. The collected data is identified and verified, then analyzed using Fazlur Rahman's double movement theory. The results showed that based on moral ideals generalized based on double movement theory, it was found that justice and benefit became the primary reference in the application of Islamic inheritance law in Indonesia. Islamic inheritance law can flexibly adjust Indonesian society's environmental and social conditions. This research presents a methodological framework for a more adaptive and flexible application of Islamic inheritance law in line with Indonesia's diverse cultural landscape and evolving social norms.
Legal Politics of Religious Moderation and State Defense Policy at Public Universities
Authors: Itmam Muhammad Shohibul , Aouich Abdelmalek
Published: July 2024

This study aims to discuss the policy of the Ministry of Religious Affairs through the Sub Directorate of Islamic Religious Education at Public Universities (PTU) in forming Griya Moderasi Beragama dan Bela Negara (MBBN) to strengthen the understanding of religious moderation and eliminate religiousness that often legitimizes violence as a manifestation of religious teachings during the rise of groups that claim to be the most correct. This study uses doctrinal law, political law, and critical analysis approaches. Data analysis was conducted by exploring moderation policy documents and legislation products. This study found that the legal politics of Religious Moderation and State Defence at PTU is a strategic government policy to strengthen the nation's life amid legal and religious plurality in the face of confrontation with radicalism groups. The government's strategic policy is synergized with national development, accelerating the realization of justice and welfare. The policy is also a firm step by the Indonesian government in contributing to the world according to the demands and developments of diversity in the era of globalization, especially in counteracting the massive movement of radicalism and intolerance in Indonesia.
O uso da impressão 3D no ensino de ciências: aplicação em oficinas interdisciplinares
Authors: Banegas Rodrigo , Kerr Daniel , Ogusucu Renata
Published: July 2024

O presente estudo relata a viabilidade de integração da tecnologia de impressão 3D como recurso pedagógico no ensino de ciências, com o objetivo de facilitar a compreensão de conceitos abstratos por parte de estudantes do ensino médio e técnico. Foram confeccionados modelos tridimensionais representando átomos e ligações químicas por meio de impressoras 3D, os quais foram posteriormente organizados em conjuntos (kits). Foram realizadas quatro oficinas com os estudantes, permitindo a participação ativa de todos nas tarefas propostas. Esta abordagem proporcionou significativamente a participação dos estudantes. A elaboração e utilização desses kits revelaram-se estratégias promissoras no ensino de componentes curriculares como o de química, biologia e bioquímica. A aplicação das estruturas impressas em 3D como ferramentas de ensino demonstrou eficácia, como indicado pelas respostas favoráveis dos estudantes em um questionário eletrônico aplicado após as atividades. Estes resultados encorajadores evidenciam o vasto potencial da impressão 3D como uma ferramenta complementar no processo de ensino e aprendizagem.
A resolução de problemas como metodologia para o ensino e aprendizagem dos conteúdos de porcentagem e medidas de tendência central
Authors: Vendrusculo Carpenedo Joice Marisa , Aparecida Lovis Karla
Published: July 2024

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar uma pesquisa cuja finalidade é analisar as facilidades e as dificuldades apresentadas por alunos de uma turma de 3º ano do Ensino Médio com relação à Resolução de Problemas envolvendo os conteúdos de porcentagem e medidas de tendência central. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida durante a etapa final do Estágio Supervisionado com ênfase no Ensino Médio, para um total de 35 estudantes. A Resolução de Problemas é uma metodologia de ensino e de aprendizagem que se refere à capacidade dos alunos enfrentarem desafios, analisarem e interpretarem informações, identificarem estratégias apropriadas, aplicarem conceitos e procedimentos matemáticos relevantes, chegando a soluções coerentes. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que a Resolução de Problemas pode ser uma alternativa eficiente para o ensino e aprendizagem dos conteúdos matemáticos. No que diz respeito aos conteúdos de porcentagem e medidas de tendência central, destaca-se que os estudantes conseguiram resolver os problemas de maneira autônoma, evidenciando o pensamento crítico, a criatividade e a tomada de decisões. Por fim, ressalta-se a capacidade dos estudantes em aplicar os conceitos matemáticos nas situações propostas nos problemas.
Well-to-Wheel Analysis of Ethanol-Gasoline Flex-Fuel Hybrid Vehicle
Authors: Rao R S S , Vaibhav M N , Himabindu M , Ravikrishna R V
Published: July 2024

India's reliance on crude oil imports to meet its energy demands, coupled with the escalating pollution issues stemming from contemporary vehicle technologies, underscores the urgency of evaluating prospective future fuel and propulsion systems. This necessitates a comprehensive examination of the entire fuel cycle, spanning from production to utilization in propulsion systems, commonly referred to as a Well-to-Wheels (WTW) analysis. This report comprises three essential segments: the Well-to-Tank (WTT) analysis, the Tank-to-Wheel (TTW) analysis, and the amalgamated WTW analysis. The WTT segment assesses the energy consumption and emissions generated during fuel production, while the TTW stage focuses on the energy usage and CO₂ emissions associated with vehicle operation across a typical Indian driving cycle. Integration of both WTT and TTW results yields final WTW estimates of energy consumption and CO₂ emissions. The WTW energy consumption, efficiency, and CO₂ emissions were scrutinized across three vehicle/fuel configurations for a passenger sedan within the Indian context: ethanol-gasoline blended fuel powering a Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV), a gasoline-powered conventional vehicle, and a Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV). These vehicles were simulated using Matlab Simulink-based software – Autonomie over the Modified Indian Drive Cycle (MIDC). The current electricity generation mix with its substantial reliance on coal accounting for nearly 70%, renders the electricity pathway less efficient and emits high levels of CO₂. Consequently, BEVs exhibit efficiency comparable to conventional gasoline vehicles but with higher CO₂ emissions from a WTW perspective. This contradicts the prevailing public perception that EVs are environmentally superior and have significantly reduced impact compared to conventional vehicles. This study underscores that hybridization and biofuel utilization notably enhance WTW efficiency and reduce CO₂ emissions. Specifically, hybrids powered by ethanol and ethanol-gasoline blends demonstrate superior WTW efficiency and reduced CO₂ emissions compared to their conventional counterparts. Significantly, the WTW CO₂ emissions are lowest for the E100-HEV, primarily due to the powertrain's efficiency and the carbon neutrality of sugarcane ethanol. The combination of sugarcane ethanol with hybrid technologies holds considerable promise in enabling India to diminish its reliance on crude oil imports while mitigating environmental impacts.
Municipal solid waste incineration slag as potential materials in green engineering as partial or total substitutes for conventional cement in future decades
Authors: Ventura¹ Sebastião , Maia Lino
Published: July 2024

In the context of this research to characterize the slags from the incineration of municipal solid waste as potential supplementary cementitious materials, the principle of comparative analysis of the physical, chemical and mechanical potentials of the portland cement . Was chosen, complemented with Fly Ash in some specific cases. The bases of objective study, we had two slags matured and ground during one night with a weight equal to 25% of the weight of the balls in the mill, designated Slag-Mat1n25%, as well as another slag matured with grinding in the same duration of one night and with a weight equal to 50% of the weight of the balls in the mill designated Slag-Mat1n50%, as well as another unmatured slag called Slag-NMatLL. The percentage proportions of the oxides as main elements and a description of the minor constituent elements in the materials were also determined and presented, thus allowing the elaboration of an analytical table demonstrating the nature of the oxide, namely its molar mass, density, melting and boiling point, as well as the nature of its crystalline structure, all in the chemical part. Also, in the main oxide elements, the ternary phase diagram, the silica and alumina modules, as well as the lime saturation factor were analyzed. Also, the potential reactivity to alkalis of the aggregates, as well as the determination of the Electrical Resistivity Objectives and Description: The objectives and purpose of the data described in this work support our intention of a continuous and in-depth study on the characterization of slag as supplementary cementitious materials. The descriptions refer to the authors' data set duly referenced in this work.
High-precision detection modeling reveals fundamental structural scales of amorphous materials
Authors: Zheng Wen , Cui Jiamei , Lai Yexin , Liu Yanjun , Zhang Y.-H
Published: July 2024

The characterization of amorphous materials has been a long-standing challenge in materials science due to their lack of long-range order, which makes it difficult to define structural metrics. Here, we describe a 2D amorphous system-based high-precision detection model(HPDM) that utilizes the concepts of “bag” and instances to achieve image-level classification to structure-level segmentation of amorphous systems without any additional dynamical information. We introduce an order parameter that describes the structural evolution in amorphous phase transitions and demonstrate the accuracy of HPDM in detecting amorphous microstructures. A fundamental structural scale for 2D amorphous systems can be obtained based on the optimal detection dimensions of HPDM for finite-scale systems, eliminating the need to calculate structural and dynamical information. Our findings and methodology hold significant scientific implications for understanding the nature of disordered structures in amorphous materials.
Dynamics of soil CH 4 and CO 2 fluxes from cattle urine with and without a nitrification inhibitor, and dung deposited onto a UK grassland soil
Authors: Dlamini Jerry , Chadwick David , Cardenas Laura
Published: July 2024

Food production systems associated with livestock management are significant sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Livestock excreta is one of the primary sources GHG emissions from grazing livestock. Against this context, a field experiment was established in a UK grassland to establish the extent of soil CH4, CO2, and N2O fluxes upon the deposition of (i) cattle urine (U), (ii) urine + DCD (U + DCD), (iii) artificial urine (AU), and dung (D), and compared with a (iv) control, where neither urine nor dung was applied. Applications of excreta were made at three periods during the grazing season; early-, mid, and late-season. Soil N2O emissions data have been published already; hence this paper summarizes the emissions of soil-borne CH4 and CO2 emissions, and explores in particular, the effects of the addition of DCD, a nitrification inhibitor used to reduce direct and indirect N2O emissions from urine patches, on these C-GHGs. Soil moisture, soil temperature, and nitrate (NO3−) and ammonium (NH4+) availability and C addition were key controls of both soil CH4 and CO2 emissions. The dung treatment stimulated the production and subsequent emissions of soil CH4 and CO2, a significantly high net CH4 and CO2-based GWP. The findings of the current study lay a foundation for an in-depth understanding of the magnitude and dynamics of soil-borne soil CH4 and CO2 upon urine and dung deposition during three different seasons. This study implies that the use of DCD may have the potential to reduce C-GHGs from the urine and dung of grazing animals.
Predictors of preterm birth and the available services in major maternal facilities in the Gambia: a qualitative study
Authors: Nget Musa , Conteh Amie , Badjie Mansour
Published: July 2024

Background: Being born before 37 weeks of gestational age or before 259 days from the first day of a woman’s last menstrual period is defined as preterm birth, according to the WHO. Being born too early is now the leading cause of death in children younger than five years worldwide. This study will determine the predictors of preterm birth and the available services designed to rehabilitate the preterm outcomes at a maternal hospital in The Gambia.
Objective: To identify the predictors of preterm birth and to find out the available services in major maternal facilities in The Gambia.
Materials and Methods: A qualitative study design was used, and in-depth interviews with the key informants were undertaken to identify the predictors of preterm birth and determine the available services designed to rehabilitate preterm outcomes.
Results: The data support the theory that the analysis identifies pre-eclampsia, history of previous preterm delivery, premature rupture of membrane, late antenatal booking, a birth interval of fewer than two years, birth to twins, history of bleeding during pregnancy, urinary tract infection during pregnancy, gestational diabetes, advance maternal age, caesarian section mode of delivery as the key risk factors of preterm birth among women who delivered in the BMCHH during the study period. The data also suggests that interventions like family planning, early and regular antenatal visits, immediate breastfeeding of the baby, and cord care are significant approaches in reducing the burden of preterm birth.
Conclusion: Preterm birth among women delivering in BMCHH in the Gambia is a significant problem. Pre-eclampsia, preterm premature rupture of the membrane, history of preterm birth, advanced maternal age, birth to twins, late antenatal booking, urinary tract infection, bleeding during pregnancy, and interpregnancy interval are the major predictors of preterm birth. According to the study, pre-eclampsia is the major predictor of preterm birth. Prompt identification of all risk factors associated with preterm birth will help policy makers to apply immediate and appropriate specific interventions. Early and regular antenatal care and family planning offered as a package of interventions could substantially reduce the incidence and complications related to PTB and will subsequently increase the likelihood of newborn survival. All these interventions put together will increase the survival rate of preterm neonate especially in low resource settings, such as the Gambia.
Orthodox Monasteries as Centers of Christian Civilization on the Eastern Borders of the Russian State
Authors: Yurganova Inna I. ,   Institute of Russian History, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Institute for Humane Studies and Problems of Small Peoples of the North, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

The study is devoted to the history and activities of monastic monasteries in Siberia, their importance in the context of the integration of Siberian territories into the Russian statehood, due to the duration of the processes of Christianization: from the creation of a church administrative unit in Siberia (1620) and completion at the beginning of the twentieth century. The research involved complex and communicative approaches, axiological aspects and methodology of local history, involving the reconstruction of a regional historical narrative. It is noted that the establishment of monastic monasteries has become an important factor in the spread of Russian statehood. The ways of creating monasteries related to both monastic and public initiatives, as well as by decision of the diocesan authorities, are considered. We pay attention to the scientific discourse of modern historical science on the issues of dating the establishment of monastic monasteries and an individual research approach. The contribution of monasteries to the economic development of territories is determined, the main directions of social and educational activities of monastics are indicated. We consider the role of the women’s Orthodox communities of Siberia in the second half of the XIX century, contributing to the strengthening of the ideological basis of the empire, influencing the formation of moral and value attitudes and improving the educational level of local ethnic groups. The special role of monasteries in the history of the region is justified, due to the territorial and climatic conditions, the multi-confessional and multilingual nature of Siberia, when a few monks performed various functions, engaged in missionary, socio-educational and educational activities. We draw a conclusion that Orthodox monasteries in Siberia were outposts of the spread and establishment of Christian civilization, monasteries provided communication with the non-ethnic population, involving them in the Orthodox mentality, forming a vector of the socio-cultural topos of the peoples of Siberia.