bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of clinical profile of patients of bipolar mood disorder with and without substance abuse and clinical course variables in the substance abusing bipolar group in one of the tertiary care centre of North India
Authors: Sharma Vineet , Garg Sunny , Sharma Dinesh D. , Chauhan Alka , Sharma Milli
Published: May 2020

Background: Bipolar disorder is the sixth leading cause of disability worldwide and has a lifetime prevalence of about 3% in general population. In patients with bipolar disorder there was 58 % lifetime prevalence of co-occurring alcohol abuse and a 38 % lifetime prevalence of co-occurring other substance abuse. Substance abuse interferes with treatment and management approaches of the bipolar disorder.Methods: A cross sectional observational study of 120 male patients divided in substance abusing (60) and non-substance abusing groups (60) with bipolar disorder according to DSM-V, who met the Inclusion criteria . A written informed consent was obtained from the patients and/ or their family members. Patient’s information was recorded on the socio-demographic and clinical profile sheet .Thereafter, YMRS or HAM-D scales were applied as per the phase of the illness.Results: Most of the patients were between 15-25 years in SAB group and 35-50 years in NSAB group, educated, semiskilled and married. Tobacco abuse was the commonest followed by cannabis and alcohol abuse. The mean duration of hospital stay in SAB group was 41.40 days and in NSAB group was 43.20 days. Dysphoric mania, aggressive behavior and suicidal attempts were more in SAB group. Mean total YMRS score of SAB group was greater than NSAB group.Conclusions: Maximum patients had onset of substance abuse before the onset of affective symptoms. Manic symptomatology was more severe in substance abusing group.
Acute urinary retention and gastroparesis due to self-medication in an elderly male
Authors: Gumashta Jyotsna , Gumashta Raghvendra
Published: May 2020

An eighty-five years old man complained of difficulty in swallowing for relatively dry food items and water with occasional episodes of vomiting. He was a diabetic and hypertensive patient on treatment for long, suddenly reported pain and discomfort in the abdomen with inability to pass urine. All the parameters were within normal limits except prostate being 70 ml enlarged. He was catheterized with diagnosis of BPH with chronic urinary retention. TURP was advised but the case did not consent for it. On close scrutiny of detailed history, it was observed that the patient was on self-medication of homeopathic drugs which were causing smooth muscle relaxation of bladder and GIT, causing difficulty in deglutition and constipation. On discontinuation of drugs, these effects disappeared and the case did not need any further catheterization, concluding that the acute urinary retention was caused by self-medication induced constipation. It is hence inferred that self-medication with homeopathic medicines should be avoided specially by elderly as aging effects and co-morbid condition often coexist.
Hematological parameters in dengue fever: A study in tertiary care hospital
Authors: Subhaschandra Kadadavar Smita , Lokapur Veeranna , Nadig Deepak , M H Prabhu , Masur Deepa
Published: May 2020

Dengue fever has been known for more than a century in the tropical countries. Dengue fever is now the most common cause of arboviral disease in the world, with an estimated annual occurrence of 100 million cases of dengue fever and 250,000 cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever and a mortality rate of 25,000 per year. Most cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever are reported from Asia, where it is a leading cause of hospitalization and death among children. Dengue fever presents with confusing clinical profile and has to be differentiated from other febrile illnesses like malaria, typhoid, leptospirosis etc. Dengue is diagnosed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and detection of NS1 antigen with corresponding IgM, IgG antibodies by Enzyme immunoassay & Immunochromatographic test. These tests may not be available in the periphery. So the hematological parameters like platelet count, hematocrit, lecocyte count and peripheral smear findings will aid in the diagnosis of Dengue Fever.

100 cases with proven diagnosis of dengue by serology were taken. Detailed history, physical examination and investigations including Complete blood count, coagulation profile, Liver function tests were done. Their stay in hospital and outcome were observed.

Dengue infection was more common in adult age group with slight male preponderance. It presented commonly as dengue fever with other constitutional symtoms. Petechial ecchymosis was the most common sign elicited clinically. Hematological findings like raised hemotocrit, platelet count and atypical lymphocytes were seen in majority of the cases. Supportive treatment was the mainstay mode of management. Overall mortality was seen in 2% of the cases.

Raised hematocrit, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia and atypical lymphocytes in the peripheral smear will aid in early diagnosis of Dengue infection. Early recognition and prevention rather than treatment of complications is most important for favourable outcome of the disease.
Correlation between Gleason score of adenocarcinoma prostate and serum PSA levels in the western Himalayan region of India
Authors: Sharma Neelam , Kumari Kavita , Asotra Sarita , Sharad Satyendra , Sharma Renu
Published: May 2020

The diseases of the prostate gland are the major cause of morbidity and mortality among adult males worldwide. Prostate cancer is the most common malignant tumour in men over the age of 65 years. The present study was done to evaluate the histomorphological spectrum of malignant lesion of prostate and to establish the correlation between S.PSA (Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen) levels and Gleason’s grade in the Western Himalayan region of India.

Histopathological examination of 100 prostatic tissue was done. Serum PSA assessed and its values were correlated with Gleason’s grading of prostate cancer.

Malignancy was found in 29 per cent of cases. Conventional adenocarcinoma encountered in 96.6 per cent cases. Undifferentiated carcinoma was reported in 3.4 per cent cases. Serum prostate-specific antigens level was increased in 93.1% of malignant cases. More than 10ng/ml was seen in 68.9 per cent cases. Mean S.PSA level in malignancy was 122.9ng/ml. The Commonest Gleason’s score being seven (37.9 percent).

This prospective study concluded that there is a higher percentage of prostatic carcinoma in the Western Himalayan region of India. PSA is found to be a sensitive marker for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. With a cut off value 4ng/ml sensitivity was found to be 93.75% and specificity was 46.15%, and there is a positive correlation between Serum PSA level and Gleason’s grading. Mean serum PSA level of moderately and poorly differentiated carcinoma was 32.15ng/ml and 325.3ng/ml respectively.
Chondroid chordoma- A rare tumor diagnosed on cytology: A case report
Authors: Sangma Himalina , Singh Anshul , Singh Vasudha , Misra Vatsala
Published: May 2020

Chordomas are rare, malignant and locally aggressive tumors that are derived from the remnants of primitive notochord, out of which chondroid chordomas are even rarer. Very few case reports have described this variant, which is difficult to pick up on cytopathology alone and has a number of other differentials too. We report here a case of chondroid chordoma at the sacrococcygeal region that was diagnosed on FNAC in an elderly male patient emphasizing on its cytomorphology and how to differentiate from its cytological mimickers.
Constituição de um Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem: uma Disciplina, Espaços Virtuais, Interações...
Authors: Fernandes Frederico , Scherer Suely
Published: May 2020

O objetivo com este artigo é discutir procedimentos que favoreceram a constituição de um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem, ao planejar e desenvolver uma disciplina de um curso de Licenciatura a distância. A discussão é realizada a partir de uma pesquisa de doutorado, em que uma disciplina foi planejada e desenvolvida com o objetivo de se constituir um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem. Na proposição e análise da disciplina, ofertada em um curso de Licenciatura de Matemática a distância, foram consideradas diferenças entre espaços e ambientes virtuais; diferentes estilos de uso do virtual dos estudantes; a definição de espaços virtuais e tecnologias digitais e elaboração de atividades, entre outros aspectos que pudessem favorecer interações em ambientes virtuais, com foco na aprendizagem dos estudantes. O que concluímos foi que a constituição do ambiente virtual de aprendizagem desta disciplina estava relacionada com a articulação entre os espaços virtuais e tecnologias digitais disponibilizadas, as tarefas e atividades propostas, e o fato de se contemplar diferentes estilos de uso do virtual dos estudantes; que favoreceram que interações fossem produzidas nos diferentes ambientes da disciplina.
Palavras-chave: Educação a distância. Ensino superior. Estilos de uso do virtual. Tecnologias digitais.
THE MARKETING STRATEGY OF MADURA TOURISM INDUSTRY AREA TROUGH SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT BASED GENDER
Authors: Mohammad Mohammad Taqiuddin , Hannan Abdul , Maadi Alan Suud
Published: May 2020

Being declared in 2015 in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, sustainable development goals (SDGs) has an aim to answer various humanitarian-environment crisis of millennium era (MDGs). One of the main problems which become a focus is woman’s participation. Especially in development context, whether in international, national, or local scope. This paper entitle, The Marketing Strategy of Madura Tourism Industry Area trough Sustainable Development Based Gender. In particular, this study has an aim to analyze the existential of Madura woman, dealing with the area development based SDGs. Various crucial issues which become a focus of this study namely; the dynamic Madura tourism industry, sustainable development concept, and development idea based gender. The three crucial issues above will be elaborated based on the three research problems below: 1).How is the existence of Madura tourism? 2).Whatis the definition of sustainable development? 3). How is the position of gender plays a role and strategic function in marketing activity of Madura tourism industry for the next? This study is qualitative method. The data of this paper is from two sources namely primary and secondary data. The theory perspective of this study is using area marketing theory of Richard Florida and Femenis George Ritzer theory. In general, this paper has an aim to describe how the dynamic Madura tourism industry is, this study has big contribution in offering the Madura development idea, especially in promoting the local industry area to sustainable development area carrying the spirit of equality.  Keywords: Marketing area, Madura tourism, sustainable development, Gender.
THE DETERMINATION OF SHARIA GOVERNANCE ON BAITUL MAAL WA TAMWIL (BMT) IN DEPOK CITY
Authors: Mardian Sepky , Nissa Izzatun , Nasution Nursanita
Published: May 2020

This study aimed to examine the influence of organizational culture, organizational commitment and internal control over sharia governance. The object in this study was BMT in Depok City, West Java. Sampling was done by purposive sampling technique to obtain a sample of 5 BMTs. While respondent sampling was done by simple random sampling technique. Data collection techniques in the study were conducted by questionnaire. The type of research was associative by using methods of Partial Least Square (PLS). The study found that organizational culture and internal control have a significant positive influence on sharia governance. While organizational commitment has a positive but not significant effect on sharia governance.
The legend of Tan-varp-ekva
Authors: Baulo A.V. , Golubkova O.V.
Published: May 2020

The object of the study is the texts about Tan-varp-ekva, «the tendon twistress», recorded during the 20th c. The majority of the full-text tales has been recorded from the northern Mansi (Lyapin River Basin, Upper Lozva), some folklore stories have been published for various groups of Khanty (Yugan, Middle Ob, Berezovo, Kazym, Upper Purov, Shurishkar); the Nenets legend about the old woman-Sihirtia stands out. The tales mostly split into two plots: the first one is associated with the prohibition to spin veins at night, the second — with changeling and kidnapping of children. The analysis of the key points of the legends has been carried out, the position of the Ob-Ugorsk forest spirit among similar images of the Komi and Russians has been determined. The authors suggest that the village of Lombovozh (Lyapin Mansi) became the place of creation of the folklore storyline, linking it to the presence of a large archaeological site, a medieval settlement. The spread of the legend of Tan-varp-ekva among other Mansi and Khanty groups was the result of migrations. The main plot of the story refers to the introduction of regulations by the Ob Ugrians on inclusion of a daughter-in-law, young women into the foreign cult community. The story with a silver cup explains the rules of entry of a newly manufactured or brought from the outside object into the sphere of worship in the Ob Ugrians. Tan-varp-ekva in the role of a female deity could act as the patro-ness of needlework, as, for the Ob Ugrians, twisting of deer tendon threads was a traditional female work. The stories about Tan-varp-ekva are similar to those of many Russian fairy tales, ballades about mythical spin-stresses, as well as bans on needlework during the night and transition time. Her image has a lot in common with Baba Yaga and with the character of Yoma — her double in Komi (forest spirits, creatures of the lower world, kidnappers of children, cannibals, treasure keepers, treasure givers, «spinning» deities). The motifs of killing and eating of daughter-in-law by the spinstress of tendons can be an allusion of the rite of transition to a new family, when the girl «died» for her former family and left the protection of the spirits-keepers of her family. The popular-Christian layer of views of the Russians and Komi provides material for comparative analysis of mythological con-cepts of Slavic and Finn-Ugric peoples, who for a long period experienced mutual influence on ethnocultural tradi-tions. The function of Tan-varp-ekva as a «twister of tendons» can be secondary, borrowed from neighboring populations, for example, from the Komi, who, together with Orthodoxy, accepted and adapted the popular-Christian beliefs of the Russians.
Revisiting Constraints of Fourth-Generation Quarks and Leptons
Authors: Verma Aayush
Published: May 2020

Standard Model is well-performing under the three-generation, but in the wake of more physics, fourth-generation leptons and quarks are introduced. In this paper, I created a model surrounding quarks and leptons and tried to show the importance of quarks to understand the baryogenesis. I talked about and set the lower limits of t’ and b’. And predicted an updated version of lower bounds and precise masses of quarks and leptons. In Sec. II. I mathematically predicted the Higgs boson anomaly in the new standard model due to neutrinos and leptons. And in final, I talked about the Unified Standard Model.
Introduction of a Methodology to Enhance the Stabilization Process of PAN Fibers by Modeling and Advanced Characterization
Authors: Konstantopoulos George , Soulis Spyros , Dragatogiannis Dimitrios , Charitidis Costas
Published: May 2020

A methodology is proposed for designing the stabilization process of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers. In its core, this methodology is based on a model that describes the characteristic fiber length change during the treatment, through the de-convolution of the three main contributors (i.e. entropic shrinkage, creep, and chemical shrinkage). The model has the additional advantage of offering further insight into the physical and chemical phenomena taking place during the treatment. Validation of PAN-model prediction performance for different processing parameters was achieved as demonstrated by FTIR and DSC. Τensile testing revealed the effect of processing parameters on fiber quality, while model prediction demonstrated that ladder polymer formation is accelerated at temperatures over 200oC. Additionally, according the DSC and FTIR measurements predictions from the application of the model during stabilization seem to be more precise at high-temperature stabilization stages. It was shown that mechanical properties could be enhanced preferably by including a treatment step below 200oC, before the initiation of cyclization reactions. Further confirmation was provided via Raman spectroscopy, which demonstrated that graphitic like planes are formed upon stabilization above 200oC, and thus multistage stabilization is required to optimize synthesis of carbon fibers. Optical Microscopy proved that isothermal stabilization treatment did not severy alter the cross section geometry of PAN fiber monofilaments.
Dengue Fever and Neurology: Well Beyond Hemorrhage and Strokes
Authors: Antônio Machado Schlindwein Marco , Pastor Bandeira Isabelle , Caroline Breis Letícia , Machado Rickli Júlia , César Demore Caio , Sordi Chara Beatriz , Henrique Melo Luiz , Vinícius Magno Gonçalves Marcus
Published: May 2020

Dengue virus an arbovirus is endemic in an area that comprise almost half of the world's population, contrary to past beliefs that dengue virus differentiate from other neuroinvasive arbovirus due to its lack of neurological invasion and disease related neurological complications excluding hemorrhagic and thromboembolic , the body of evidence have grown to demonstrate a series of neurological manifestations linked to dengue virus with possible mechanisms involving direct virus invasion of the nervous system or immune mediated complications. In this review we provide a wide approach to this neglect but not so rare manifestations of a very common disease.
Terrestrial Laser Scanning Intensity Captures Diurnal Variation in Leaf Water Potential
Authors: Junttila Samuli , Hölttä Teemu , Puttonen Eetu , Katoh Masato , Vastaranta Mikko , Kaartinen Harri , Holopainen Markus , Hyyppä Hannu
Published: May 2020

Drought-induced plant mortality has increased globally during the last decades and is forecasted to influence global vegetation dynamics. Timely information on plant water dynamics is essential for understanding and anticipating drought-induced plant mortality. The most common metric that has been used for decades for measuring water stress is leaf water potential (ΨL), which is measured destructively. To obtain information on water dynamics from trees and forested landscapes, remote sensing methods have been developed. However, the spatial and temporal resolution of the existing methods have limited our understanding of water dynamics and diurnal variation of ΨL within single trees. Thus, we investigated the capability of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) intensity in observing diurnal variation in ΨL during a 50 hour monitoring period and aimed to improve understanding on how large part of the diurnal variation in ΨL can be captured using intensity observations. We found that TLS intensity at 905 nm wavelength was able to explain 78% of the variation in ΨL for three trees of two tree species with a root-mean square error of 0.137 MPa. Based on our experiment with three trees, time-series of TLS intensity measurements can be used in detecting changes in ΨL, and thus it is worthwhile to expand the investigations to cover a wider range of tree species and forests and further increase our understanding of plant water dynamics at wider spatial and temporal scales.
Identifikasi Sebaran Episenter Dan Hiposenter Gunungapi Guntur Berdasarkan Data Seismik dengan Menggunakan Metode Geiger
Authors: Diaz Nandaru , Sugestiani Ni Kadek , Suantika I Gede
Published: May 2020

Telah dilakukan identifikasi hiposenter gempa Gunungapi Guntur pada bulan Juni 2016  dengan menggunakan metode Geiger. Lokasi hiposenter gempabumi penting dilakukan untuk identifikasi sumber gempa, pemetaan sebaran gempa dan analisis kegempaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pola sebaran episenternya terdistribusi pada gugusan komplek Gunung Guntur sampai Gunung Masigit pada kedalaman 0 – 10 km yang dihitung dari puncak Gunungapi Guntur.
Comparison of Porous Tantalum Acetabular Implants and Harrington Reconstruction for Metastatic Disease of the Acetabulum
Authors: Houdek Matthew T. , Ferguson Peter C. , Abdel Matthew P. , Griffin Anthony M. , Hevesi Mario , Perry Kevin I. , Rose Peter S. , Wunder Jay S. , Lewallen David G.
Published: May 2020

Background:

The periacetabular region is a common location for metastatic disease. Although large lytic acetabular defects are commonly treated with a hip arthroplasty with a cemented component according to a Harrington-style reconstruction, the use of highly porous uncemented tantalum acetabular components has been described. Currently, there are no direct comparisons of these reconstructive techniques. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of the Harrington technique and tantalum acetabular component reconstruction for periacetabular metastases.

Methods:

From 2 tertiary sarcoma centers, we retrospectively reviewed 115 patients (70 female and 45 male) with an acetabular metastatic defect who had been treated between 2002 and 2015 with a total hip arthroplasty using either the cemented Harrington technique (78 patients) or a tantalum acetabular reconstruction (37 patients). The mean patient age was 61 years, and the most common Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group status was 3 (39 patients). The mean follow-up for surviving patients was 4 years.

Results:

An additional surgical procedure was performed in 24 patients (21%). Harrington-style reconstructions were more likely to require a reoperation compared with tantalum reconstructions (hazard ratio [HR], 4.59; p = 0.003). The acetabular component was revised in 13 patients (11%); 5 patients (4%) underwent revisions that were due to loosening of the acetabular component. The 10-year cumulative incidence of revision of the acetabular component for loosening was 9.6% in the Harrington group and 0% in the tantalum group (p = 0.09). The mean Harris hip score significantly improved following reconstruction (31 to 67 points; p < 0.001), with no significant difference (p = 0.29) between groups.

Conclusions:

In patients with periacetabular metastatic disease treated with total hip arthroplasty, an acetabular reconstruction strategy utilizing highly porous tantalum acetabular components and augments successfully provided patients with a more durable construct with fewer complications compared with the cemented Harrington-style technique.

Levels of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
A Unique and Characteristic Cam FAI Morphology in Young Patients with Comorbid Inflammatory Conditions
Authors: Seth Akshay , Yen Yi-Meng , Tourn Diego , Smit Kevin , Carsen Sasha
Published: May 2020

Background:

The relationship between femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and inflammatory medical comorbidities has not been established in the pediatric population. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of inflammatory conditions in pediatric patients with FAI and the morphology of the associated deformity.

Methods:

We performed a retrospective cohort study of 90 patients who were diagnosed with FAI in our institution’s adolescent hip clinic from January 2016 to March 2018. Patients with an inflammatory comorbidity were identified. Standard quantitative radiographic FAI measurements as well as qualitative femoral head-neck junction morphology were analyzed.

Results:

Eight patients (8.9%) with 11 symptomatic hips were found to have an inflammatory condition. These 8 patients all had cam deformities. Nine of the symptomatic hips in this subset of patients had a negative femoral offset, where the cam deformity extended beyond the anterior margin of the femoral head. Qualitative assessment revealed a unique head-neck morphology with a prominent and “sharp-edged” bump at the head-neck junction, which resembled an inflammatory beak. In comparing patients with and without inflammatory comorbidities, a marked difference was found for alpha angles (difference, 26.6°; 95% confidence interval [CI], 18.2° to 35.0°) but not for age at diagnosis (difference, 0.5 years; 95% CI, −0.8 to 1.6 years) or the lateral center-edge angle (difference, 1.9°; 95% CI, −3.9° to 7.7°).

Conclusions:

At our institution, 8.9% of pediatric patients with FAI were found to have an inflammatory comorbidity. These patients presented with a characteristic prominent “sharp-edged” head-neck morphology that standard radiographic measurements captured as a negative femoral offset and a larger alpha angle than was seen in patients without systemic inflammatory disease. Awareness of the characteristic cam deformity that was found in these patients may help to identify patients with undiagnosed inflammatory conditions. This unique deformity also raises questions regarding the possible role of physeal inflammation in the development of cam deformities and indicates a need for additional studies to investigate the relationship between systemic inflammatory diseases and FAI.

Level of Evidence:

PrognosticLevel IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Research on the Satisfaction Impact Factors of China-Eurasia Expo: From the Perspectives of Local Residents and Exhibitors
Authors: Li Jianglong , Liu Wei , Feng Yueyang , Wang Zongshui , Zhao Hong
Published: May 2020

Understanding the satisfaction impact factors of China-Eurasia Expo is important to hold and improve the Expo. This paper divides the impact factors of satisfaction into local residents and exhibitors’ aspects. Firstly, this paper constructs a five-dimension conceptual model to measure the local residents’ satisfaction which consists of the degree of promoting economic development, environmental protection, cultural quality, urban convenience and urban brand image of the China-Eurasia Expo. 898 valid questionnaires were collected and structural equation model (SEM) was used to validate the constructed model and the proposed hypotheses were proved; the path coefficients of cultural quality, urban convenience and urban brand image to locals’ satisfaction are all greater than 0.90, indicating that they have high impacts on local residents’ satisfaction, while the path coefficient of the degree of promoting economic development to residents’ satisfaction is 0.695, indicating a relatively low impact. Secondly, this paper constructs a five-dimension conceptual model of exhibitors’ satisfaction which includes infrastructure, management level, service quality, organizing effect, and advancement. 708 valid questionnaires were collected and SEM was used to valid the constructed model and the proposed hypotheses. The results show that the five path coefficients to exhibitors’ satisfaction are higher than 0.7, all hypotheses were proved.
Study on the Measurement of Industrial Structure “Sophistication, Rationalization and Ecologicalization” Based on the Dynamic Analysis of Grey Relations — A Case Study of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei
Authors: Yuan Shiyi , Sun Xiaopeng , Chen Weiguo , Li Yongwu
Published: May 2020

The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is one of the regions with the most dynamic economies, highest degrees of openness, strongest innovation capacities and largest populations, as well as an important engine driving China’s economic development. Currently, the development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region faces many difficulties, including an inefficient distribution of regional functions, imbalance in industrial structure, low sophistication, and serious overburdening of resources and the environment. Promoting the overall coordinated development of the region has become an urgent challenge. In this paper, according to the conventions of industrial structure optimization, the three core indicators of regional industrial structure rationalization, sophistication and ecologicalization are constructed. With the help of the grey dynamic correlation model, the three indicators are coupled with the economic growth rate, and the industrial structure optimization index of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is comprehensively measured. The study shows that rationalization of the industrial structure in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is increasing but that this trend is not obvious; sophistication of the industrial structure is relatively high and has also been operating at a high level; however, the overall ecological level of the industrial structure in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is not high and presents the characteristics of high in the middle and low at both ends. In terms of the relationship between industrial structure and economic growth in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, ecologicalization of the industrial structure has the greatest influence on economic growth, followed by sophistication of the industrial structure, and rationalization of the industrial structure has the weakest influence.
ANTONI CHRISTIAN BRYK (1820–1881) – PROFESSOR OF FORENSIC MEDICINE AT JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY (1852–1860), AND DIRECTOR OF THE SURGICAL CLINIC OF JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY IN CRACOW (1860–1881)
Authors: Zajączkowski Tadeusz
Published: May 2020

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WSPÓŁISTNIENIE ZASTAWKI CEWKI PRZEDNIEJ I TYLNEJ U NOWORODKA. CZY ROZPOZNANIE KOINCYDENCJI WAD NA PODSTAWIE OBJAWÓW KLINICZNYCH I BADAŃ OBRAZOWYCH JEST MOŻLIWE?
Authors: Materny Jacek , Gawrych Elżbieta , Walecka Anna
Published: May 2020

We present a rare association of anterior and posterior urethral valves. A 5 days­‍‑old boy was admitted because of clinical presenation of lower urinary tract obstruction. A renal ultrasound and voiding cysto­‍‑urethrography revealed obstructive pathology in anterior urethra. On endoscopy an association of anterior and posterior urethral valves was recognized, and the valves were incised. Follow­‍‑up demonstrated improvement of preoperative signs. We try to recognize an association of anterior and posterior urethral valves in radiological examinations.
INCREASING THE UPPER AIRWAY SPACE USING ORAL APPLIANCES IN PATIENTS WITH MILD SLEEP APNOEA CAUSED BY STOMATOGNATHIC DYSFUNCTIONS
Authors: Ey-Chmielewska Halina , Teul Iwona , Lorkowski Jacek
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Abnormal breathing can be caused by developmental malformations or anatomical variations in the upper airways. Stomatognathic diseases may significantly impair the patency of the upper respiratory tract. Treatment of advanced stomatognathic dysfunctions is difficult due to their multifactorial aetiology, and often involves many phases. Sleep apnoea is one of the most bothersome complications. The mainstay therapeutic strategy relies on modifying the position of the mandible against the maxilla, achieved by using different types of oral appliances.Material and methods: The study was carried out in 2006–2010 on 92 patients (mean age 42.5 years) with diagnosed advanced dysfunction of the stomatognathic system. The treatment relied on the use of an orthodontic appliance (54 patients) or combined multi­‍‑phase therapy with splints used in the first phase (22 patients). Two different appliances were used (one of them was modified by the authors). Parameters assessed in the study included time to resolution of pain, reduction in the incidence of sleep apnoea, and improvement in nasal breathing.Results: Change in the protrusion of the mandible not only relieved problems with the stomatognathic system, but also improved breathing in patients. The use of modified oral appliances reduced treatment duration and improved patients’ comfort. Therefore, it may be useful in the treatment of patients with mild sleep apnoea.
ZAPOTRZEBOWANIA KOBIET Z WOJEWÓDZTWA ZACHODNIOPOMORSKIEGO NA USŁUGI OKOŁOPORODOWE ŚWIADCZONE PRZEZ POŁOŻNE ORAZ STOPIEŃ ZNAJOMOŚCI PRZEZ ŚRODOWISKO MEDYCZNE USTAWOWYCH KOMPETENCJI ZAWODOWYCH POLSKICH POŁOŻNYCH
Authors: Fryc Dorota
Published: May 2020

Introduction: The midwife’s profession has evolved across the ages to become – in the vast majority of countries, including Poland – an independent medical occupation. The aim of this thesis was to define how big is the social demand for perinatal servises given by midwifes among women from Zachodniopomorskie province and investigate the knowledge base of medical staff in Zachodniopomorskie province in regard to the midwife’s rights and duties resulting from Polish law.Material and methods: Research was carried out from 1.10.2009 to 30.06.2010. It included 115 active midwifes in the city of Szczecin and beyond it (Zachodniopomorskie province). Additionally, 40 doctors, 99 nurses and 1 master of physiotherapy took part in the survey (all of them based in Zachodniopomorskie province). Research was also conducted among 150 women from the same province. The survey was presented in the form of a questionnaire. Since the available literature did not include a standardized research tool which could be used to achieve appointed goals a new method was devised. Results were subjected to mathematical and statistical analysis.Conclusions: After the compilation of results presented in this paper the following conclusions were made: 1. Some of the medical personnel who participated in the survey do not perceive midwifes as independent medical practitioners. 2. Most midwifes are aware of their rights and obligations outlined in Polish legislation. In their opinion the lack of independence in their profession is caused by unclear clauses and paragraphs in Polish law. The women who participated in the survey showed an interest in services provided by midwifes. 3. They stated that there is a common need for this kind of service. There are grounds to intensify the promotion of midwifery as an independent occupation.
HISTORY OF MEDICINE, SURGERY AND UROLOGY IN BRESLAU/WROCŁAW
Authors: Zajączkowski Tadeusz
Published: May 2020

The development of medicine in Breslau from the 14th century has been described and its famous physicians, above all Silesians, are introduced. The aim of the study is to present the development history of hospital services and the teaching of medicine, and also the development of urology in Breslau. Well known Breslau surgeons who were interested in surgery of the genitourinary system are also presented. The aim of the study is to present a brief history of Breslau medicine and surgery from its beginning to the end of World War II. The development of urology and its separation from surgery after World War II is also briefly described. Professor Florian Nowacki, Breslaus’s first urologist, is also introduced. Extensive research was undertaken for the collection of literature and documents in German and Polish archives and libraries to prepare this study.
Multi-faceted function of vitamin K with particular consideration of vitamin K2 – literature review
Authors: Niemiec Aleksandra , Stasiak Urszula , Wasilewska Anna , Przybylski Dawid , Marchelek-Myśliwiec Małgorzata , Nowosiad-Magda Monika
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Vitamin K, discovered in the 1930s, is a very important compound for the human body, performing many functions. The most well known of them are calcium homeostasis and coagulation. Nowadays it is apparent that many more beneficial multiorgan aspects of vitamin K exist.

The aim of the study was to review the properties of vitamin K and to show its potential therapeutic value.

Materials and methods: Medline databases (PubMed) and other scientific sources were searched.

Results: Vitamin K shows a multifaceted effect on the proper functioning of the human body: preventing coronary vessel calcification, maintains normal blood pressure, has neuroprotective effects, reduces the risk of myocardial infarction, slows the process of osteoclastogenesis, and influences the production of bone reabsorption factors. In addition, vitamin K supplementation has been shown to reduce the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by interfering with tumour cells cycle and inducing their apoptosis. The pro-apoptotic activity of menaquinone is not limited to HCC only, but also to other cancers such as glioblastoma multi-forme, breast cancer or bladder cancer, which reveals the importance of vitamin K in oncology. Possibly, introduction of vitamin K to the therapy may improve malignancy treatment outcomes.

Conclusions: Vitamin K derivatives participate in many metabolic pathways of the human body. Their multifaceted activity may be used both in prevention of many diseases and in their potential treatments. However, further multicentre studies are necessary to understand better possible therapeutic properties of vitamin K derivatives.
Assessment of the quality of the 4th year surgical curriculum at the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin for the academic year 2016/2017
Authors: Żyluk Andrzej , Szlosser Zbigniew
Published: May 2020

Introduction: The objective of this study was assessment of the course, quality and accomplishment of 4th year surgical curriculum in Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin (in Poland) for the academic year 2016/2017.

Materials and methods: A questionnaire-survey was carried out in a group of 97 Polish students in the 5th year of the Medical Faculty just before the seminar-block of surgery. Main topics of the questionnaire items concerned students’ opinion on the expected usefulness of the acquired surgical knowledge for future medical practice, acquired manual skills, classes conducted in the operative theatre and overall organization of classes.

Results: Knowledge from general surgery was scored by students the highest as potentially most useful for future medical practice. Assisting in operations and learning manual skills (mostly inserting stitches on a pig trotter) was considered the most valuable portion of surgical curriculum. These skills were also believed to be the closest to the meaning of the term “skill/competency-oriented teaching” surgery. Theatre classes were considered valuable only for students assisting in operations, but for most of the passive observers it was a waste of time. Less than a half the students took history and examined patients with common urological and surgical disorders. Most (96%) responders considered an inadequate amount of time assigned for manual skills and ward-round teaching the greatest drawback of the 4th year surgical curriculum.

Conclusions: Outcomes of this study showed the students’ expectations in surgery lessons in 4th year of university curriculum and what a grade of its performance was. Awareness of this may have an effect on modification of the curriculum and methods of undergraduate teaching surgery.
How parents cope with the care of a child with epilepsy: Based upon grounded theory
Authors: nematollahi Monirsadat , Rabori Roghayeh Mehdi pour , Keshavarz Fatemeh , Bagherian Behnaz
Published: May 2020

Background: parents of children with seizure face the complicated health issues of their children. Coping strategies of parents as major care providers impact not only their handling of stresses on themselves but also the children's quality of life. This study investigated the coping processes of parents of children with a seizure at two educational hospitals affiliated with the Kerman University of Medical Sciences in Iran. Method: Twenty parents (15 mothers and 5fathers), and three nurses were selected using the purposive sampling method. Data was collected using qualitative semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the method suggested by Corbin and Strauss version 2008. The Interviews were conducted until thematic saturation was achieved. Results: The adaptation process had five phases: “Disbelief, Patience on what happened, change to preserve, acceptance of the current situation, and self- empowerment."In summary, the parents of children with seizure had 5-phase coping strategy. The Core category achieved was "continued efforts of parents to restore calm."Conclusion: Properly assessing the stresses on parents of children with seizure and their coping strategies may help medical staff and social services provide more targeted support and promote the balance of the family function.
Distinctions between sex and time in patterns of DNA methylation across puberty
Authors: Moore Sarah Rose , Humphreys Kathryn Leigh , Colich Natalie Lisanne , Davis Elena Goetz , Lin David Tse Shen , MacIsaac Julia Lynn , Kobor Michael Steffen , Gotlib Ian Henry
Published: May 2020

Background: There are significant sex differences in human physiology and disease; the genomic sources of these differences, however, are not well understood. During puberty, a drastic neuroendocrine shift signals physical changes resulting in robust sex differences in human physiology. Here, we explore how shifting patterns of DNA methylation may inform these pathways of biological plasticity during the pubertal transition. In this study we analyzed DNA methylation (DNAm) in saliva at two time points across the pubertal transition within the same individuals. Our purpose was to compare two domains of DNAm patterns that may inform processes of sexual differentiation 1) sex related sites, which demonstrated differences between males from females and 2) time related sites in which DNAm shifted significantly between timepoints. We further explored the correlated network structure sex and time related DNAm networks and linked these patterns to pubertal stage, assays of salivary testosterone, a reliable diagnostic of free, unbound hormone that is available to act on target tissues, and overlap with androgen response elements.Results: Sites that differed by biological sex were largely independent of sites that underwent change across puberty. Time-related DNAm sites, but not sex-related sites, formed correlated networks that were associated with pubertal stage. Both time and sex DNAm networks reflected salivary testosterone levels that were enriched for androgen response elements, with sex-related DNAm networks being informative of testosterone levels above and beyond biological sex later in the pubertal transition. Conclusions: These results inform our understanding of the distinction between sex- and time-related differences in DNAm during the critical period of puberty and highlight a novel linkage between correlated patterns of sex-related DNAm and levels of salivary testosterone.
Integrative expression network analysis of microRNA and gene isoforms in sacred lotus
Authors: Zhang Yue , Rahmani Razgar Seyed , Yang Xingyu , Chen Jinming , Shi Tao
Published: May 2020

Background: Gene expression is complex and regulated by multiple molecular mechanisms, such as miRNA-mediated gene inhibition and alternative-splicing of pre-mRNAs. However, the coordination of interaction between miRNAs with different splicing isoforms, and the change of splicing isoform in response to different cellular environments are largely unexplored in plants. In this study, we analyzed the miRNA and mRNA transcriptome from lotus (Nelumbo nucifera), an economically important flowering plant.Results: Through RNA-seq analyses on miRNAs and their target genes (isoforms) among six lotus tissues, expression of most miRNAs seem to be negatively correlated with their targets and tend to be tissue-specific. Further, our results showed that preferential interactions between miRNAs and hub gene isoforms in one coexpression module which is highly correlated with leaf. Intriguingly, for many genes, their corresponding isoforms were assigned to different co-expressed modules, and they exhibited more divergent mRNA structures including presence and absence of miRNA binding sites, suggesting functional divergence for many isoforms is escalated by both structural and expression divergence. Further detailed functional enrichment analysis of miRNA targets revealed that miRNAs are involved in the regulation of lotus growth and development by regulating plant hormone-related pathway genes.Conclusions: Taken together, our comprehensive analyses of miRNA and mRNA transcriptome elucidate the coordination of interaction between miRNAs and different splicing isoforms, and highlight the functional divergence of many transcript isoforms from the same locus in lotus.
Symptoms in the general Norwegian adult population - prevalence and associated factors
Authors: Krogstad Hilde , Loge Jon Håvard , Grotmol Kjersti , Kaasa Stein , Kiserud Cecilie Essholt , Salvesen Øyvind , Hjermstad Marianne Jensen
Published: May 2020

Background: Patients´ own perceptions and evaluations of symptoms, functioning and other health-related factors, i.e. Patient Reported Outcomes (PROs), are important elements for providing good patient care. Symptoms are subjective and best elicited by the patient orally or by using PRO measures (PROMs),be it on paper, or as electronic assessment tools. Reference values on frequently used PROMs facilitate the interpretation of scores for use in clinics and research settings, by comparing patient data with relevant samples from the general population. Study objectives were to (1) present reference values for the M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI) (2) examine the occurrence and intensity of symptoms assessed by the MDASI in a general Norwegian adult population sample, and (3) examine factors associated with higher symptom burden defined as the sum score of all symptoms, and factors associated with symptoms` interference on functions.Methods: In 2015, MDASI was sent by mail as part of a larger survey, to a representative sample of the general Norwegian adult population (N = 6165). Medical comorbidities were assessed by the Self-Administered Comorbidity Questionnaire. Depression was self-reported on the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9). Linear multivariable regression analysis was used to examine for factors associated with MDASI sum score and factors associated with symptoms’ interference on functions. Results: The response rate was 36%. More women (54%) than men (46%) responded. Mean age was 55 years (SD 14). The most frequent symptoms were fatigue (59.7%), drowsiness (56.2%) and pain (56.1%). Fatigue, pain and disturbed sleep had the highest mean scores. The presence of one or more comorbidities, increasing PHQ-9 score and lower level of education were associated with higher MDASI sum score (p<0.001). The MDASI sum score and the PHQ-9 score were positively associated with all interference items (p<0.001) except for walking (p=0.22). Conclusion: This study provides the first Norwegian reference values for MDASI. The presence of one or more comorbidities, higher level of depressive symptoms and lower level of education were significantly associated with higher MDASI sum score. These covariates must be controlled for when using the reference values.