bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of teaching physics in English in secondary school
Authors:   Innovative University of Eurasia, Betkulova A. , Temirkhanov M. ,   Innovative University of Eurasia, Seitkhanova A. ,   Pavlodar Pedagogical University
Published: July 2021

This article reveals the essence of teaching the disciplines of the natural science cycle in English in high school. When preparing for the lesson, there is a need for careful selection of educational material, the teacher thinks out a specific algorithm for working with the text in a foreign language using subject terminology, while not forgetting the basic grammatical and syntactic models characteristic of the English language. In such a language environment, foreign speakers actively acquire solid knowledge, eliminating language difficulties in professionally-oriented lessons. Given this problem, we decided to create a methodological guide for teachers, which will contain tasks for formative assessment in physics lessons in English. Its lexical and grammatical material meets the requirements for mastering the English language (B1) in educational and cognitive activities. The presented progress tests also meet all the requirements of the corresponding stage of training of non-native speakers and help to consolidate the skills of professionally oriented communication. The purpose is to reveal some principles that should be taken into account when preparing assignments for physics lessons in English, as well as to provide a methodological guide for teachers. This article shows several principles that are most effective when conducting lessons. All the data of the article was confirmed by a computer survey of students, the answers were analyzed and collected for publication. Given the results we have presented, secondary school teachers can improve the quality of the material provided, as well as spend less time preparing for lessons. Physics is one of the fundamental sciences that can combine both the subject content and the language component. Here we present various methods of subject- language integration to improve communication skills. Thus, the preparation and conduct of physics lessons in English requires a strict and careful selection of educational material and takes into account the educational profile of secondary school students.
The sphere of physical protection of objects in the new conditions of public administration in Kazakhstan
Authors:   Innovative University of Eurasia, Kucher A. , Chernovol A. ,   Innovative University of Eurasia, Temerbayeva M. ,   Innovative University of Eurasia
Published: July 2021

The main problem: The article analyzes the situation that has developed in the market for the provision of services in the field of physical protection of objects vulnerable to terrorism, as objects of special importance for ensuring national security. The main problems hindering the development of the industry are: the lack of a comprehensive regulatory framework that establishes requirements for all aspects of the use of physical protection systems at all stages of the life cycle, from design to decommissioning, taking into account risk assessment; the formal nature of control procedures, which does not take into account all aspects of interdisciplinary interaction; the low involvement of qualified specialists in the process of developing approaches that ensure effective regulation of the industry. Purpose: The main goal in the current conditions is to develop a model of interaction between state bodies and the professional community, which will effectively regulate the relations between the subjects of activity in the field of protecting objects vulnerable to terrorism (here in after OVT). Methods: The authors of the article analyzed the regulatory legal framework. The conditions that impede the development of the industry have been identified. The message of the President of Kazakhstan in terms of directions for the development of the public administration system was also studied. The modeling of the processes and connections between the subjects of activity in the field of protection of the OVT has been carried out. Results and their significance: The main reason for the insufficient level of protection was revealed, which boils down to the absence of criteria for assessing protection systems in terms of quality indicators. This is facilitated by the insufficient competence of technical specialists developing requirements for systems and ignoring the application of standards, as well as insufficient involvement of the professional community in control over the activities of market entities. The authors of the article proposed a model of a management system for the protection of OVT, which will improve the quality of processes and ensure the result due to the additional involvement of the professional community and the development of regulatory documents. In addition, the model corresponds to the course of development of the public administration system, which is set by the country's leadership. A number of proposals have been formulated for the implementation of a new model of the OVT protection management system. The model describes the interaction of government agencies and the professional community.
Risks of microbiological contamination of fruits and vegetables used for food
Authors:   M.Auezov South-Kazakhstan University, Saparbekova A. , Latif A. ,   M.Auezov South-Kazakhstan University, Altekey A. ,   M.Auezov South-Kazakhstan University
Published: July 2021

Fruits and vegetables are most often consumed without being thoroughly processed before consumption. Some plant foods are vacuum-packed to ensure long shelf life as well as preserving the quality and safety of the product. Fruits and vegetables carry naturally occurring non-pathogenic epiphytic microflora on their surfaces. During growth, harvesting, transport and further handling they can be repeatedly contaminated by pathogens from human or animal sources. Fresh fruit crops have been implicated in a number of documented foodborne disease outbreaks. Outbreaks of diseases caused by bacteria, viruses and parasites have been epidemiologically linked to the consumption of a wide range of fruits and vegetables. The aim of our study is to assess the risk of contamination in fruit and berry crops and how to address this long-standing problem, namely, contamination of fruit and vegetables with unnatural pathogenic microflora. The following fruit and berry crops common in Turkestan region were chosen for the experiment: Apple variety Suislepskoe (stolovka) , peach variety Nectarine and grape variety Kishmish. Bacteriological inoculation was carried out by membrane filtration of used sterile water to obtain flushes from the surface of fruit crops. All work was carried out under full aseptic conditions. The utensils, water and other equipment used in the work were sterilised in advance. The data obtained during the experiment shows that there is a potential for widespread contamination of uncharacteristic microflora of plant products. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that there are yeasts and acetic acid bacteria on the surface of all three samples of fruit and berry crops, which can be universally contaminated food and are not the natural microflora for the above mentioned crops. Specifically, fruits and vegetables can be contaminated with various bacterial pathogens, including Salmonella, Shigella, E. Coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Campylobacter.
Elaboración de una Pasta Emulsionada de Cáscara de Chontaduro (Bactris gasipaes)
Authors: González Henao Juan , Gnecco Mancheno Gonzalo , Patiño Aybi , Enciso Peña Eduardo , Páez María Isabel
Published: July 2021

El Chontaduro es una fruta exótica tropical típica de las selvas del sur y suroccidente de Colombia, con arraigo ancestral en las comunidades de estas regiones. Proveniente de la Palma de Chonta, es consumido tradicionalmente fresco y cocinado.  Actualmente, se producen alrededor de 44 Ton/año de cáscaras de chontaduro en la región del Cauca, Valle del Cauca y Putumayo, cada una aportando una tercera parte de esa producción. Algunas industrias han empezado a desarrollar su consumo masivo, procesando de formas novedosas la pulpa de esta. Durante la operación de pelado, estas industrias generan un coproducto utilizando el proceso denominado cáscara con adherencia de pulpa.  El objetivo de este trabajo es agregarle valor a este coproducto elaborando una pasta emulsionada que sirve como ingrediente para la elaboración de alimentos en los que el chontaduro es la característica organoléptica principal. Además, se describen las condiciones de operación encontradas mediante experimentación a nivel de laboratorio y se establecen valores cuantitativos para dichas condiciones. También, se realizaron los análisis de composición (tabla nutricional), fisicoquímicos, microbiológicos y vida útil. Estos valores quedan disponibles para realizar un escalamiento del proceso a escala industrial. Las pruebas de concepto del producto muestran interesantes características potenciales; abre una nueva línea derivada del chontaduro: una pasta que facilita la adición de un ingrediente estable, que remite al sabor del chontaduro en platos o formulaciones de alimentos con la comodidad de poderse hacer en cualquier momento del año, con disponibilidad inmediata y sin necesidad de un procesamiento del fruto.
Aprovechamiento de Sistemas de Almacenamiento Energético Mediante Baterías para la Mitigación de Desequilibrios en Microrredes Eléctricas
Authors: Ochoa Correa Danny
Published: July 2021

La proliferación de cargas monofásicas en los sistemas de distribución eléctrica y su naturaleza asimétrica en su operación en tiempo real es la principal causa de desequilibrios de tensión y de corriente en microrredes eléctricas y en sistemas eléctricos débiles y aislados. Según la severidad del desequilibrio, esta condición podría comprometer el normal funcionamiento de los distintos componentes del sistema, reducir su eficiencia, perjudicar su vida útil y, por último, degradar la calidad del suministro eléctrico. En este artículo se propone una estrategia de control concebida para facultar a los convertidores electrónicos de potencia asociados a los sistemas de almacenamiento energético en baterías (BESS) la realización de labores de mitigación del desequilibrio introducido por la carga trifásica asimétrica en determinados puntos del sistema. La propuesta se basa en la teoría de las componentes simétricas instantáneas, que está diseñada para su implementación en los esquemas de control convencionales incorporados en la electrónica del BESS. La efectividad de la propuesta es evaluada a partir de un sistema eléctrico de pruebas implementado en MATLAB/Simulink®. Los resultados obtenidos confirman el correcto desempeño de la estrategia de control y permiten verificar el cumplimiento de las hipótesis de investigación.
GESTÃO DO CONTROLE DE ESTOQUES EM EMPRESAS DO SETOR HORTIFRUTIGRANJEIRO EM UM MUNICÍPIO CEARENSE
Authors: Felix Ednael Macedo , Costa Jonatan da , Morais Luiz Carlos L. de , Fontes Descartes Almeida , Mesquita Marcos Roberto Linhares
Published: July 2021

A pesquisa aqui apresentada teve por objetivo apurar a situação dos estoques das empresas do setor de hortifrutigranjeiros em um município da região centro-sul do estado do Ceará. Como metodologia optou-se pela abordagem descritiva com pesquisa in loco. O foco da pesquisa concentrou-se em três empresas do ramo hortifrutigranjeiro denominadas aqui de Empresas A, B e C. Os resultados apontaram que as empresas fazem um giro de estoque a cada três dias, demandando deslocamento até outros estados e municípios para obtenção de seus produtos, o que acarreta um número significativo de perdas. A empresa A faz um giro de 90% a 95% do estoque, a empresa B faz um giro de 85% a 90% de seus estoques, já a empresa C faz um giro de 90% a 95%. Diante dos questionamentos as empresas demonstraram a necessidade de um controle de estoque. Logo, a compreensão da gestão de estoques está diretamente ligada ao setor financeiro da empresa, uma vez que é neles onde se encontram investimentos e perspectivas de lucro.
LEI DA DESONERAÇÃO DA FOLHA DE PAGAMENTO: VANTAGENS EM UMA EMPRESA DO SETOR CALÇADISTA DE JUAZEIRO DO NORTE - CE
Authors: Belem Jose de Figueiredo , Pereira Eva Maria Campos , Mendes Rosiberto de Oliveira
Published: July 2021

A busca por encargos tributários menores por parte das organizações empresariais de vários setores da economia, associada com a criação de leis por parte do governo que diminuem estes encargos fatores relevantes para que o Brasil consiga ser mais competitiva frente ao mercado mundial de seus produtos e serviços. O objetivo geral é apresentar as vantagens que a lei da desoneração da folha de pagamento proporciona a uma empresa do setor industrial calçadista de Juazeiro do Norte no Ceará. Para tanto, utilizou-se de uma literatura sobre cálculos da lei da desoneração da folha, a qual deu embasamento teórico ao trabalho. Em seguida, foi desenvolvido um estudo de caso documental em uma empresa do setor calçadista. Com esse trabalho pretende-se fornecer uma análise mais detalhada e eficiente dos valores calculados da Contribuição Previdenciária Patronal (CPP) e quais as economias que a mesma pode usufruir a partir da lei já citada. Por fim foram apresentados os principais valores pagos quanto a CPP e à simulação do que deveria ser pago caso a empresa ainda calculasse o encargo sobre a folha de pagamento. Por último foi demonstrado em valores às vantagens que a empresa alcançou com a lei da desoneração da folha de pagamento e o que esta economia pode melhorar na empresa quanto aumento de funcionários e até mesmo diminuição de custos de produtos e serviços.
AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DE VIDA NO TRABALHO EM UM GRUPO DE EMPRESAS FAMILIARES LOCALIZADAS EM CAMPINA GRANDE - PB
Authors: Maia Nathalia Costa , Araújo Ivanildo Fernandes
Published: July 2021

Atualmente, as organizações, principalmente aquelas consideradas de grande porte, vêm dando considerável importância à formulação e implementação de estratégias, como forma de obter excelência em sua gestão e manter sua própria sobrevivência no mercado competitivo e globalizado. As empresas de pequeno porte podem buscar alternativas de transformar o ambiente de trabalho para favorecer a Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho (QVT) como fator imprescindível para o sucesso e expansão de seus negócios, por meio de ações importantes que envolvam dimensões física, intelectual, emocional, profissional e social. Através da análise de um grupo de três empresas familiares do setor atacadista de materiais médico, cirúrgico, hospitalar e de laboratórios tomando como base a metodologia de Fernandes (1996). Dessa forma, foi possível identificar através das principais dimensões que evidenciam a QVT no grupo de empresa em estudo, e através da identificação, análise e ponderação desses fatores, foram apresentadas sugestões para auxiliar as empresas do grupo em estudo.
CAPITAL INTELECTUAL EM MICROEMPRESAS FAMILIARES DO ESTADO DE SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Macêdo Francisca Francivânia Rodrigues Ribeiro , Melo Márcia Morais de , Morais Kércia Maria de Sá
Published: July 2021

O estudo objetivou caracterizar o capital intelectual de dez microempresas localizadas em Santa Catarina por meio da percepção de seus clientes. Para isso, utilizou-se de pesquisa descritiva, conduzida por meio de levantamento, com abordagem qualitativa dos dados. O instrumento de pesquisa foi um questionário, elaborado por Moura, Fank e Toledo Filho (2011), composto por 20 questões fechadas e baseado nas definições e classificações de Edvinsson e Malone (1998) e Stewart (1998). Tendo sido aplicado nos meses de setembro e outubro de 2018. Os resultados apontaram que as microempresas pesquisadas contavam com um bom capital intelectual humano, estrutural e clientes, no entanto, o elevado número de respostas negativas em algumas das questões relacionadas ao capital humano e ao capital estrutural sinalizou uma necessidade de melhoria nesses itens.
O MERCADO DE TRABALHO PARA ALUNOS E EGRESSOS DO CURSO DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO: UM ESTUDO DE CASO EM UMA IES DO SUL DE MINAS
Authors: Portugal Nilton dos Santos , Souza Luiz Henrique Rozati de , Oliveira Felipe Flausino de , Silva Sidney Verginio da , Souza Wanderson Gomes de
Published: July 2021

A administração passou a ser considerada e tratada como ciência a partir da Revolução Industrial, movimento este que trouxe à tona imensuráveis mudanças no que tange o modo de produção adotado e, por conseguinte, na forma de administrar e gerir os recursos pertencentes à organização visando a otimização dos resultados. Atualmente, o administrador atua em um ambiente dinâmico e complexo caracterizado pelo constante uso da tecnologia, exigindo do mesmo uma ampla visão do contexto e uma vasta atualização para o estabelecimento de relações permanentes com as variações ambientais da organização. Este trabalho analisa o mercado de trabalho para alunos e egressos do curso de administração, avaliando a trajetória e as possíveis oportunidades profissionais dos mesmos, e verifica o quão dinâmico está o mercado de trabalho para esta área. Os resultados foram obtidos através de pesquisas bibliográficas e um estudo de caso com alunos e egressos do curso de administração com ênfase em comércio exterior, de uma IES do Sul de Minas. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada com alunos e egressos do curso no período de 2013 a 2015, avaliando o nível de satisfação destes frente às oportunidades de trabalho e crescimento profissional advindos da graduação.
O câncer de mama e a sociedade civil: as ações da FEMAMA na regulamentação temporal para diagnóstico e tratamento da doença no Brasil
Authors: Lana Vanessa , Teixeira Luiz Antônio
Published: July 2021

A criação das associações de pacientes no Brasil da década de 1990 marcou uma transformação nas formas da sociedade civil demandar ações do poder público em relação à saúde. A criação dessas organizações se relacionou ao novo contexto da saúde no país, surgida com a criação do Sistema Único de Saúde e trouxe para o cenário nacional concepções e práticas de ativismo político e advocacy até então inexistentes nas instituições de pacientes. Este artigo tem como objeto a Federação Brasileira de Instituições Filantrópicas de Apoio à Saúde da Mama, FEMAMA, sua atuação em ações de advocacy, em particular na regulamentação das leis que garantiram marcos temporais para diagnóstico e tratamento do câncer de mama no Brasil na década de 2010. Analisamos a estrutura e organização da instituição e as concepções e atuação na inserção na agenda pública e política de debates da legislação de regulamentação temporal para diagnóstico e tratamento do câncer de mama no setor público de saúde.
Políticas de controle do câncer de mama no Brasil
Authors: Nunes de Oliveira Thaislayne , de Castro Maia Senna Mônica
Published: July 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo central examinar a trajetória histórica das políticas de controle do câncer de mama feminino no Brasil em diferentes momentos históricos. As primeiras intervenções públicas nessa direção no país surgiram em meados do século XX e visavam ao desenvolvimento do cuidado oncológico de maneira individual. A intensificação das medidas estratégicas para o seu controle ocorreu somente a partir dos anos 2000, com perceptível desenvolvimento de ações coletivas e incentivo à prevenção, de maneira a incidir diretamente no controle da doença. O estudo contou com pesquisa bibliográfica sobre a temática, associada à análise dos documentos oficiais, como: normativas, portarias e legislações nacionais. Os resultados demonstram avanços na estruturação do cuidado da doença, sobretudo pela implantação de políticas, programas e sistemas específicos. Tais avanços estratégicos contribuem positivamente para o controle de riscos e agravos da doença. Mas, apesar desses avanços, a realidade observada ainda permanece em certo descompasso, perceptível pelo elevado e crescente índice de mortalidade.
Refined Mass and Geometric Measurements of the High-mass PSR J0740+6620
Authors: Fonseca E. , Cromartie H. T. , Pennucci T. T. , Ray P. S. , Kirichenko A. Yu. , Ransom S. M. , Demorest P. B. , Stairs I. H. , Arzoumanian Z. , Guillemot L. , Parthasarathy A. , Kerr M. , Cognard I. , Baker P. T. , Blumer H. , Brook P. R. , DeCesar M. , Dolch T. , Dong F. A. , Ferrara E. C. , Fiore W. , Garver-Daniels N. , Good D. C. , Jennings R. , Jones M. L. , Kaspi V. M. , Lam M. T. , Lorimer D. R. , Luo J. , McEwen A. , McKee J. W. , McLaughlin M. A. , McMann N. , Meyers B. W. , Naidu A. , Ng C. , Nice D. J. , Pol N. , Radovan H. A. , Shapiro-Albert B. , Tan C. M. , Tendulkar S. P. , Swiggum J. K. , Wahl H. M. , Zhu W. W.
Published: July 2021

We report results from continued timing observations of PSR J0740+6620, a high-mass, 2.8 ms radio pulsar in orbit with a likely ultracool white dwarf companion. Our data set consists of combined pulse arrival-time measurements made with the 100 m Green Bank Telescope and the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment telescope. We explore the significance of timing-based phenomena arising from general relativistic dynamics and variations in pulse dispersion. When using various statistical methods, we find that combining ∼1.5 yr of additional, high-cadence timing data with previous measurements confirms and improves on previous estimates of relativistic effects within the PSR J0740+6620 system, with the pulsar mass

m

p

=

2.08

−
0.07

+
0.07

M

⊙

(68.3% credibility) determined by the relativistic Shapiro time delay. For the first time, we measure secular variation in the orbital period and argue that this effect arises from apparent acceleration due to significant transverse motion. After incorporating contributions from Galactic differential rotation and off-plane acceleration in the Galactic potential, we obtain a model-dependent distance of

d

=

1.14

−
0.15

+
0.17

kpc (68.3% credibility). This improved distance confirms the ultracool nature of the white dwarf companion determined from recent optical observations. We discuss the prospects for future observations with next-generation facilities, which will likely improve the precision on m

p
for J0740+6620 by an order of magnitude within the next few years.
OW Hydrae: A Newly Discovered SB2 Algol in a Triple Star, from DAO Spectrograms
Authors: Gandet Thomas L.
Published: July 2021

Evidence is presented that the detached Algol system OW Hya is a double-lined spectroscopic binary (SB2). The components appear to be closely similar to each other, which is contradicted by the failure so far to detect the secondary eclipse. A sizeable asymmetry in the Mg ii
λ4481 Å line is discussed. The interstellar line of Ca ii-K line is present, and the primary star appears to be a late-B giant. OW Hya is the short-period pair of the interferometric triple star, CHR 175, which appears to be hierarchical.
The Risk Factors of Coronary Heart Disease and its Relationship with Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase
Authors: Elfi Eka Fithra , Decroli Eva , Nasrul Ellyza , Yanwirasti Yanwirasti , Darwin Eryati
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death and start with injury to the endothelium of a coronary artery. The common feature of endothelial dysfunction is a decrease of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability that regulated by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activity.

AIM: The aim of our study was to study the relationship between risk factors of CHD patients with the level of eNOS.

METHODS: Thirty-seven outpatients in cardiology department of the regional public hospital diagnosed as CHD were included in our study. Thirty healthy individuals were included as the control group. Risk factors of CHD were identified according to anamnesis and laboratory finding. eNOS was measured by ELISA methods.

RESULTS: Endothelial NOS levels were significantly higher in the CHD when compared to the controls (p < 0.05). The most dominant risk factor for CHD is overweight, and followed by dyslipidemia, smoking, hypertension, history of CHD, and diabetes mellitus. eNOS in CHD patients who had one risk factor was 37.598 ± 0.1541 ng/ml, two risk factors 42.154 ± 22.329 ng/ml, three risk factors 25.329 ± 6.083 ng/ml, four risk factors 22.483 ± 4.022 ng/ml, and five risk factors 15.994 ± 4.774 ng/ml. There were significant differences in the average eNOS levels based on the number of risk factors (p < 0.05), and a tendency that more risk factors in CHD patients, the lower the average level of eNOS.

CONCLUSION: In our study, eNOS levels showed highly significant relation with CHD and related to the number of risk factors those the CHD patients had.
The Role of Instrumentation in the Healing Process of Spinal Tuberculosis: An Experimental Study
Authors: Risantoso Tjuk , Hidayat Mohammad , Suyuti Hidayat , Niam Aulani
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Tuberculosis is still commonly found in many developing countries. Spinal tuberculosis can cause vertebral deformity and neurological disorders. It was discovered thousands years ago and its management was aimed to eradicate infection and maintain the integrity of the vertebrae. Previously, the management of spinal TB was using drugs and external stabilization. Surgical techniques were developed afterwards to clean the infected vertebral segment. Because of the vertebral deformity remained inevitable and had impacts on neurological disorders, new paradigm had been developed by using instrumentation to stabilize the deformity of infected vertebral segment and to restore and maintain neurological function. TGF-β has a major role in angiogenesis in bone healing process. Spinal TB instrumentation uses metal devices composed of ions and particles that can interact each other so it could produce physical and chemical energy that is transmitted to the vertebrae. The energy is expected to enhance the biomolecular and biocellular activity of the body's immune cells so the healing process could be better.
Methods: An experimental study was carried out on New Zealand Rabbits which were given TB H37Rv strain infection in the vertebral body. Samples were divided into five groups namely control rabbits, infected rabbits without intervention, infected rabbits treated by instrumentation, infected rabbits given anti-tuberculosis drugs and infected rabbits treated by instrumentation and given drugs. Then the cytokine levels of TGF-β were evaluated and compared.
Results: The results showed a significant TGF- β level increase in infected rabbits given drugs alone and instrumentation alone compared to infected rabbits without intervention. There was a significant TGF- β increase in infected rabbits given drugs and treated by instrumentation compared to control rabbits and rabbits who received drugs only.
Conclusions: Instrumentation can improve the healing process in spinal tuberculosis by increasing the body's cytokine levels.
Assessment of Lung Parenchyma Recovery after Antibiotic Administration using Lung Ultrasound in Critically Ill Patients with Pneumonia
Authors: Adel Sahbal Mai , Omar Alghoneimy Mohammed , Salah Eldin Sally , Elsayed Elhadidy Amr , Muhammad Kenawy Mahmoud
Published: July 2021

Background: Pneumonia is a common cause of Intensive care unit (ICU) admission, requiring frequent imaging for following up parenchymal lung involvement and antibiotic response. Being bedside and non-invasive technique; lung ultrasound (US) is increasingly used in ICU. Objectives: Assessing accuracy of lung ultrasound in detecting parenchymal lung recovery following antibiotic administration in critically ill patients with pneumonia. Methods: Fifty patients with pneumonia were included in the study with time-dependent analysis for APACHEII, CURB-65 and modified CPIS. Lung US at day 0 described basal lung condition then according to changes in lung parenchyma, US score could be first calculated at day 3. At day 5 US score was calculated again and changes in score (delta score) was calculated to asses ability of US to predict early good antibiotic response and finally lung US was repeated at day 7, score calculated to detect lung parenchyma recovery and compared with follow up CT for accuracy and agreement. Air bronchogram was reported whenever seen, described as static or dynamic and assessed in follow up examinations to be compared with CT follow up. Results: Lung US score ranged from -2 to 17 with mean value of 8.75 ± 3.88 for improving patients, while worsening patients showed lung US score of -11 to -20 with mean value of -10.08 ± 6.95 with high statistical significance (p<0.001).The best cutoff value of lung US score changes for detecting good response to antibiotic was 2.5, detected using area under the curve (AUC) (p<0.001). Ultrasound score on day seven showed excellent sensitivity and specificity of 91.89% and 92.31% respectively when compared to CT with PPV of 97.14% and NPV 80% and accuracy 92% with strong statistical significance (p<0.001). Air bronchogram showed sensitivity of 61.5% and specificity of 89.1% and with PPV of 66.67% and NPV of 86.84% and accuracy of 82% and moderate agreement (0.52) with CT while B-lines were significant for assessing lung reaeration with sensitivity of 69.2% and specificity of 67.5% and accuracy of 68% but with fair (0.31) agreement with CT (p<0.027) in detecting parenchymal lung recovery. Conclusion: Lung US is a reasonable bedside method for quantifying parenchymal lung recovery in patients with pneumonia who are successfully treated with antibiotics.
Clinical Signs and Laboratory Parameters as Predictors of Mortality among Hospitalized Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Adult Patients at Tertiary Hospital in Surabaya
Authors: Monica Simamora Rentha , Arfijanto Muhammad Vitanata , Rusli Musofa , Utomo Budi , Pakpahan Cennikon , Adi Garry Prasetyo
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: The morbidity and mortality rates due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are still high despite various and advanced efforts in the management given for HIV/AIDS patients.
AIM: This study proposed that clinical signs and laboratory parameters could be expected to predict the patient’s mortality.
METHODS: This retrospective study was done by collecting 408 medical records of adult HIV/AIDS inpatients at a tertiary hospital in Surabaya from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019. Bivariate analysis using Chi-square test was carried out on nine variables, which were Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) <15, hypotension, PaO2/FiO2 <400 mmHg, elevated liver enzymes, hemoglobin levels <10 mg/dl, platelet count <150,000/mm3, eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2, albumin levels <3.5 mg/dl, and body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2. Variables which met the criteria would be included in the multivariate analysis using logistic regression.
RESULTS: Based on bivariate analysis, mortality was found to be significantly associated with GCS <15, hypotension, PaO2/FiO2, elevated liver enzymes, platelet count <100,000 mm3, eGFR <60 ml/1.73kg/m2, albumin levels <3.5 mgdl, and BMI <18.5 kg/m2. However, based on multivariate analysis, there were five variables which were found to be able to independently predict the patients’ mortality, those were GCS <15 (OR 11.625), hypotension (OR 6.062), PaO2/FiO2< 400 mmHg (OR 7.794), eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (OR 2.646), and albumin levels <3.5 mg/dl (OR 4.091).
CONCLUSION: GCS <15, hypotension, PaO2/FiO2 <400 mmHg, eGFR <60 ml/1.73g/m2, and albumin levels <3.5 mg/dl were found as the independent risk factors which could predict the hospitalized HIV/AIDS patients’ mortality.
Recent Advances in the Treatment of Gliomas: The Multimodal Care Therapy
Authors: Ibrahim Omar , Hafez Mohamed A. , Haleem Helmy Abdel , El Maghraby Hussein
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most devastating primary malignancy of the central nervous system in adults. At present, standard treatment consists of maximal safe surgical resection followed by radiotherapy (60 Gray) with concomitant daily temozolomide chemotherapy. Low-grade gliomas constitute approximately 15% of the nearly primary brain tumors diagnosed in adults each year. Extent of tumor resection has become a strong predictor of patient outcomes, alongside patient age, performance status, tumor histology, and molecular genetics (isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 and 1p/19q codeletion status). Over the past two decades, surgeons have emphasized the importance of maximizing extent of resection and its impact on overall survival, progression-free survival, and time to malignant transformation. AIM: We aimed to present recent advances in the treatment of gliomas. METHODS: This is a prospective analysis of 50 patients diagnosed with gliomas which are enrolled in a joint supervision between Kasr Al Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Egypt, and Coventry University Hospitals, England. RESULTS: The study included 50 patients, 31 males and 19 females, ages ranged from 21 to 75 years (mean age 47.5 years). Gross total resection was achieved in 28 patients (56%). The most common surgical complication in our series was post-operative transient weakness in 4 patients (8%). Mean true survival of low-grade glioma patients was 40.5 months while the mean true survival for anaplastic astrocytoma (Grade 3) patients was 38 months and that of GBM (Grade 4) patients was 18.8 months. CONCLUSION: Despite persistent limitations in the quality of data, mounting evidence suggests that more extensive surgical resection is associated with longer life expectancy for both low- and high-grade gliomas.
Aotearoa New Zealand Māori and Pacific Population-amplified Gout Risk Variants: CLNK Is a Separate Risk Gene at the SLC2A9 Locus
Authors: Ji Aichang , Shaukat Amara , Takei Riku , Bixley Matthew , Cadzow Murray , Topless Ruth K. , Major Tanya J. , Phipps-Green Amanda , Merriman Marilyn E. , Hindmarsh Jennie Harré , Stamp Lisa K. , Dalbeth Nicola , Li Changgui , Merriman Tony R.
Published: July 2021

Objective

The Māori and Pacific (Polynesian) population of Aotearoa New Zealand has a high prevalence of gout. Our aim was to identify potentially functional missense genetic variants in candidate inflammatory genes amplified in frequency that may underlie the increased prevalence of gout in Polynesian populations.

Methods

A list of 712 inflammatory disease-related genes was generated. An in silico targeted exome set was extracted from whole genome sequencing data in people with gout of various ancestral groups (Polynesian, European, East Asian; n = 55, 780, 135, respectively) to identify Polynesian-amplified common missense variants (minor allele frequency > 0.05). Candidate functional variants were tested for association with gout by multivariable-adjusted regression analysis in 2528 individuals of Polynesian ancestry.

Results

We identified 26 variants common in the Polynesian population and uncommon in the European and East Asian populations. Three of the 26 population-amplified variants were nominally associated with the risk of gout (rs1635712 [KIAA0319], ORmeta = 1.28, Pmeta = 0.03; rs16869924 [CLNK], ORmeta = 1.37, Pmeta = 0.002; rs2070025 [fibrinogen A alpha chain (FGA)], ORmeta = 1.34, Pmeta = 0.02). The CLNK variant, within the established SLC2A9 gout locus, was genetically independent of the association signal at SLC2A9.

Conclusion

We provide nominal evidence for the existence of population-amplified genetic variants conferring risk of gout in Polynesian populations. Polymorphisms in CLNK have previously been associated with gout in other populations, supporting our evidence for the association of this gene with gout.
A web-based serious game about self-protection for COVID-19 prevention: Development and usability testing
Authors: Su Jun-Ming , Yang Yi-Ching , Weng Tzu-Nin , Li Meng-Jhen , Wang Chi-Jane
Published: July 2021

The number of new COVID-19 cases continues to rise rapidly in many countries despite vaccination. The best way to counter the spread of COVID-19 is self-protection. This study documents the development of a web-based serious game (WSG-COVID-19.SP) to promote effective learning strategies for self-protection against COVID-19 and to test the game’s content validity and usability. WSG-COVID-19.SP was developed using situated learning theory and diagnostic feedback mechanism. The game includes six situation storylines with 17 learning objectives. It uses a problem-solving approach to foster practices such as wearing masks, washing hands, and social distancing. Portfolio analysis was used to diagnose learning problems and report on the learning process. An overall summary index—the scale-level content validity index (S-CVI)—was used to evaluate content validity. Usability was tested through a website survey from 71 students from one university to gauge their technological acceptance and the game’s capability to promote future self-protection behaviors. The S-CVI was 0.81. Usability and acceptability were neither related to the users’ college major (whether it is information technology-related) nor to gender. Among the respondents, 84.5% agreed to continue with the self-protection practice as they were motivated by the real-time diagnostic function. The WSG-COVID-19.SP game system has adequate content validity and a high user satisfaction rating.

Los casos de COVID-19 siguen aumentando rápidamente en muchos países a pesar de la vacunación. La mejor forma de combatirlo es la protección personal. En este estudio desarrollamos un juego serio de la web (WSG-COVID-19.SP) para promover las estrategias de aprendizaje para protegerse contra el COVID-19. También probamos la validez y usabilidad del sistema. WSG-COVID-19.SP fue desarrollado de acuerdo a la teoría situada de aprendizaje y retroalimentación diagnóstica. Contiene seis historias con 17 objetivos de aprendizaje. Se usa un enfoque de resolución de problemas para promover el uso de mascarillas, lavado de manos y distanciamiento social. Se usó el análisis de portafolio para identificar los problemas y el proceso de aprendizaje. El índice global de validez de contenido de la escala (S-CVI) fue utilizado para evaluar su eficacia. La usabilidad fue probada mediante una encuesta de web de 71 estudiantes de una universidad para evaluar su aceptación tecnológica y la capacidad del juego para promover la protección personal. El S-CVI era 0,81. La usabilidad y aceptabilidad no correspondían con la especialización del usuario (ya sea que esté relacionada con la tecnología de la información) ni con el género. Un 84,5% de los usuarios quería continuar la práctica porque estaban motivados por los resultados diagnósticos. WSG-COVID-19.SP exhibe un contenido válido y una alta satisfacción del usuario.
Des professionnels de santé « solides, invulnérables, juste au service des personnes » ?
Authors: d’Aranda Catherine
Published: July 2021

Aucune exposition à la souffrance des autres ne peut faire basculer dans l’impuissance si on n’est pas dans une illusion de toute-puissance et si on ne se donne pas pour mission d’éradiquer la souffrance. En se mettant au service de la vulnérabilité du vivant, qu’il soit professionnel de santé ou patient, la médecine permettra de rendre aux professionnels de santé le bonheur de se sentir vivre, au service de la vie.
Pour une prévention du réel ancré
Authors: Le Garrec Sophie
Published: July 2021

La prévention en matière de drogues est encore aujourd’hui déclinée et adossée aux notions de risques et de santé(s). Force est pourtant de constater combien cette logique sanitaire ne répond pas au réel et à la réceptivité des consommateurs. Pire même, elle n’est pas sans entraîner parfois certains effets contre-productifs. À partir de ces premiers constats, nous nous questionnerons sur la manière d’intégrer ces divergences et ces ruptures face à cette problématique des consommations alcoolo-toxico-tabagiques au sein des discours et informations de prévention. Pour ce faire, nous repartirons de certaines perspectives théories sur les modèles préventifs, mais aussi sur les formes de rationalités des acteurs ou sur les rapports à la santé. En reliant les aux analyses compréhensives sur les usages des drogues, nous proposerons un référentiel et une modélisation de logiques, ce que nous définirons comme une prévention du réel ancré.
Accès et renoncement aux soins chez les personnes âgées au Maroc : quelles perspectives sociodémographiques ?
Authors: Sebbani Majda , Adarmouch Latifa , De Brouwere Vincent , Amine Mohamed
Published: July 2021

Cet article décrit l’utilisation des services de santé chez la population âgée au Maroc et tente d’analyser la perspective sociodémographique du renoncement aux soins en l’incluant dans une vision systémique (Organisation des soins, dimension économique et culturelle). Une enquête populationnelle transversale a été conduite dans trois sites caractéristiques de la diversité socio-économique et culturelle auprès des personnes d’âge ≥60 ans. La collecte des données a été faite par interviews de face à face et par observation directe. La recherche montre que les barrières financières étaient la principale raison du renoncement aux soins. Les difficultés financières semblent entraver le processus d’accès aux soins chez les sujets âgés, accentuant de fait leur vulnérabilité socio-économique.
État de santé et milieu de résidence (urbain-rural) : étude d’un groupe de personnes âgées de 60 ans et plus (Marrakech-Maroc)
Authors: El Kharouai El Houssine , Baali Abdellatif , Amor Hakima , El Khoudri Noureddine
Published: July 2021

L’objectif de notre étude est d’évaluer l’état de santé d’un groupe de personnes âgées et de saisir les facteurs déterminants en fonction du milieu de résidence (urbain-rural). Notre échantillon compte 1025 individus âgés de 65 ans et plus de la ville de Marrakech et de ses régions rurales. Les données ont été collectées par questionnaire, entre 2017 et 2018, à domicile et dans les établissements de soins de santé primaires. Les variables retenues sont l’âge, le genre, le niveau d’étude, le statut marital, l’activité socioprofessionnelle, le lieu de résidence, la morbidité et la santé subjective. Les ruraux sont plus touchés par les maladies chroniques que les citadins, 57,9 % vs 47,6 %. De même, 63,2 % des citadins se sentent en bonne santé contre 45,4 % des ruraux. Selon les analyses multivariées, il semble que l’âge est le facteur déterminant de l’état de santé physique. Quant à la santé subjective, des différences ont été relevées entre les deux milieux. En conclusion et selon les déclarations des sujets étudiés : 60,6 % ont au moins une maladie chronique, dont 54,9 % des citadins et 76,2 % des ruraux. Cependant, les ruraux se sentent plus en mauvais état de santé que les citadins, soit respectivement 54,6 % et 36,9 %. Selon le milieu de résidence, il ressort de l’analyse multivariée que le niveau d’étude constitue un élément différentiel entre les citadins et les ruraux. En conclusion, des inégalités de santé entre les citadins et les ruraux sont constatées, donc une intervention pour élargir la gamme de prise en charge et la lutte contre ces inégalités de santé demeure d’une grande importance.
Adaptation transculturelle et validation des versions marocaines des questionnaires : University of Washington Quality of Life (UW-QOL) et Obturator Functioning Scale (OFS) chez des patients porteurs de prothèses maxillo-faciales
Authors: Elhamdi Hanane , Zeroual Rajae , Serhier Zineb , Bellemkhannate Samira
Published: July 2021

Les études rapportant la qualité de vie des patients porteurs de pertes de substances maxillaires d’origine carcinologique et réhabilités par des prothèses maxillo-faciales demeurent rares. Les questionnaires les plus utilisés touchant cette catégorie sont le questionnaire de l’University of Washington Quality of life et l’Obturator Functioning Scale. L’objectif de cette étude est de traduire et de valider ces instruments de mesure en arabe dialectal marocain. La traduction a été obtenue par la méthode de Translation/Back-translation. La validation psychométrique a été réalisée chez une population de 54 patients présentant une perte de substance maxillaire carcinologique et réhabilitée à l’aide d’une prothèse obturatrice réalisée au centre hospitalo-universitaire de Casablanca.
L’organisation ethnique de la sociabilité juvénile à l’école. Une enquête ethnographique dans quatre contextes scolaires à Bruxelles et à Johannesburg
Authors: Jacobs Marie
Published: July 2021

La visibilisation de la diversité ethnoculturelle s’exprime-t-elle de manière similaire dans des contextes scolaires de continents différents ? Les quatre monographies présentées dans cette contribution mettent en lumière des axes d’interprétation transversaux pour comprendre les dynamiques identitaires à l’œuvre dans des écoles situées à Bruxelles et à Johannesburg. L’hypothèse avancée dans cette enquête suggère que différents facteurs structurels et institutionnels (la ségrégation scolaire, la politique locale de l’établissement et son projet de socialisation) peuvent attiser ces revendications identitaires dont l’incidence est observable au niveau de l’organisation ethnique de la sociabilité juvénile dans ces écoles.
L’égalité en droit de la famille après un divorce en Suisse : liens entre droit civil et droit fiscal à la lumière de l’arrêt du Tribunal fédéral 2C_544/2019
Authors: Burgat Sabrina , Bornick Thierry
Published: July 2021

L’article examine les conséquences fiscales des contributions d’entretien en faveur des enfants après une séparation ou un divorce, en particulier en cas de garde alternée, à la lumière d’une décision du Tribunal fédéral suisse d’avril 2020, sous référence 2C_544/2019. Cet arrêt confirme le refus de l’autorité fiscale de prendre en compte les frais directs qu’un père exerçant la garde alternée paie en faveur de ses enfants, en lieu et place de verser la contribution d’entretien fixée dans le cadre d’un jugement de divorce. C’est l’occasion de mettre en lumière l’absence de corrélation entre le régime fiscal des contributions d’entretien et les règles de droit civil permettant de fixer les contributions d’entretien en cas de séparation et de divorce, en particulier en cas de garde alternée. Des pistes de réflexion sont proposées, aussi bien pour la pratique des tribunaux en droit de la famille que pour l’autorité législative qui tente depuis de nombreuses années de réformer le système d’imposition de la famille.
La famille, un mythe protecteur à réinventer
Authors: Hatchuel Françoise
Published: July 2021

Cet article, à l’articulation de la clinique d’orientation psychanalytique et de l’anthropologie, interroge ce que l’auteure appelle le « mythe familial », c’est-à-dire la croyance, nécessaire à toute tentative éducative, de pouvoir offrir un milieu protecteur aux enfants qui soutient la construction familiale. En effet, face à l’inquiétude que provoque la fragilité des enfants, il est nécessaire de pouvoir la refouler pour parvenir à prendre en charge les plus jeunes et ainsi perpétuer la société. Mais ce refoulement s’opère sur la base de normes (ce qu’est une « bonne » famille) qui s’avèrent parfois ne plus être opérantes lorsque la famille se sépare. Une attention particulière sera portée sur la difficulté des pères à trouver leur place (et de la société à la leur faire) dans ce contexte.