bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Generalized BayesianDcriterion for single‐stratum and multistratum designs
Authors: Lin Chang‐Yun
Published: June 2018

The BayesianDcriterion modifies theD‐optimality approach to reduce dependence of the selected design on an assumed model. This criterion has been applied to select various single‐stratum designs for completely randomized experiments when the number of effects is greater than the sample size. In many industrial experiments, complete randomization is sometimes expensive or infeasible, and hence, designs used for the experiments often have multistratum structures. However, the original BayesianDcriterion was developed under the framework of single‐stratum structures and cannot be applied to select multistratum designs. In this paper, we study how to extend the Bayesian approach for more complicated experiments and develop the generalized BayesianDcriterion, which generalizes the original BayesianDcriterion and can be applied to select single‐stratum and multistratum designs for various experiments when the number of effects is greater than the rank of the model matrix.
Global stabilization of discrete‐time feedforward time‐delay systems by bounded controls
Authors: Yang Xuefei , Zhou Bin
Published: June 2018

This paper studies the problem of global stabilization of a family of discrete‐time feedforward time‐delay systems with bounded controls. Two classes of nonlinear control laws are established based on a special canonical form of the considered system. The proposed control laws use not only the current states but also the delayed states for feedback and, moreover, contain some free parameters. These advantages can help to improve the transient performance of the closed‐loop system significantly. A practical example is given for illustration.
A Comparative Study between Co‐ and CoFe2O4‐NPs Catalytic Activities in Synthesis of Flavone Derivatives; Study of Their Interactions with Estrogen Receptor by Molecular Docking
Authors: Hajipour Abdol R. , Khorsandi Zahra , Fakhari Farzaneh , Mortazavi Maryam , Farrokhpour Hossein
Published: June 2018

Flavonols are polyphenolic compounds with diverse pharmacological and biological activities. In this work, a general method for large‐scale synthesis of these biologically important compounds, using available substrates, is reported. The reaction was occurred via Michael‐dehydrogenative reaction using green, inexpensive and highly efficient heterogeneous cobalt catalysts without any ligands and/or additives, the activity of CoFe2O4 and Co‐NPs was studied and compared. These procedures have advantages such as lack of hazardous oxidants, simplicity of work‐up, eco‐friendly of reaction medium, mild reaction conditions and high yield of products. In addition, the binding modes of synthesized compounds to estrogen receptor (ER) was studied by molecular docking and good results was obtained.
Intense Photoluminescence Emission in Eu3+‐ and Dy3+‐ Doped Low‐Band Gap Perovskite Titanate, Na0.5Gd0.5TiO3
Authors: Tiwari Hansnath , Naidu Salla Asiri , Varadaraju Upadhyayula Venkata
Published: June 2018

Na0.5Gd0.5‐xRExTiO3 (RE=Eu and Dy) phases with orthorhombic perovskite structure were synthesized by high temperature solid state reaction and the photoluminescence properties were investigated. The phase purity was confirmed by Rietveld refinement of the powder XRD patterns in Pnma space group. The band gap of the host was found to be 3.41 eV from UV/Vis diffuse reflectance spectrum. In the Eu3+ doped phases, the 5D0→7F2 electric dipole (ED) transition is predominant in the emission spectrum of Eu3+, under 397 nm excitation, and is in agreement with the non‐centrosymmetric Cs point group of the EuO8 polyhedron. The critical concentration of the Eu3+ was found to be x=0.075 above which, concentration quenching occurs. Dy3+ doping resulted in intense white light emission under 389 nm excitation.
A Catalyst‐Free Domino Protocol for the Chemoselective Synthesis of Multifunctionalised Pyrroles in Aqueous Media via Nitroketene‐N,S‐Acetal Chemistry
Authors: Chaudhary Ankita , Khurana Jitender M. , Khanna Garima , Saroha Mohit
Published: June 2018

A series of novel 5‐(1‐methyl‐5‐(methylthio)‐4‐nitro‐2‐aryl‐1H‐pyrrol‐3‐yl)pyrimidine‐triones was chemoselectively synthesized in excellent yields via catalyst‐free three component domino reactions of arylglyoxal monohydrate, (E)‐N‐methyl‐1‐(methylthio)‐2‐nitroethenamine and 1,3‐dimethyl barbituric acid/ barbituric acid in aqueous media. The prominent features of the established protocol are its environmentally benign nature, avoidance of catalyst, ease of execution, column free separation, short reaction time, excellent yield of product, high atom economy and low E‐factor.
Elastic‐to‐plastic strut‐and‐tie model for multianchorage zones
Authors: Zhou Linyun , Liu Zhao , He Zhiqi
Published: June 2018

The strut‐and‐tie model (STM) has been adopted as a preferred methodology for the design of disturbed regions; however, an aspect which has not yet been sufficiently cleared up is the serviceability behavior of structural concrete, especially with regard to the cracking prediction. To address this issue, this paper is devoted to developing an advanced elastic‐to‐plastic strut‐and‐tie model (EPSTM) to capture the full elastic and inelastic response of the anchorage zones. The principle of stationary complementary energy is introduced into the STM to satisfy the compatibility and generate the adaptive EPSTM at each load step. The proposed EPSTM provides a consistent analysis of the behavior of anchorage zones, including the average strain of struts and ties, load‐deformation response and the maximum crack width, throughout the loading process, and has been verified to be sufficiently accurate by comparing with testing results.
A comparison of sensitivity analyses for selected prestressed concrete structures
Authors: Lehký David , Pan Lixia , Novák Drahomír , Cao Maosen , Šomodíková Martina , Slowik Ondřej
Published: June 2018

Three sensitivity analysis methods are employed to achieve the optimum selection of the dominant random variables of selected concrete structures. The first of these methods uses the nonparametric rank‐order statistical correlation between the basic random input variables and the structural response output variable. The second is neural network ensemble‐based sensitivity analysis and the last of them is sensitivity analysis in terms of coefficient of variation. All of the methods were utilized and compared for two selected concrete structures: a prestressed concrete bridge made of MPD girders, and T‐shaped prestressed concrete roof girder. The obtained information was used to set up a stochastic model and response surfaces in an optimum manner and was employed in the subsequent determination of selected uncertain design parameters followed by load‐bearing capacity and reliability assessment.
Relation between slab thickness and dimensions of formwork
Authors: Hussien Osama S.
Published: June 2018

In 2015, there was one of the awful incidents in civil engineering. That was the collapse of the formwork strength of the building inside the Qassim University, resulting in the death and injury a number of engineers and workers. This is just an example of the long‐recorded history which tells us about a large number of different collapses of formwork, which resulted in the loss of many lives and equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new vision for the design of formwork using many different sectors to ensure access to the lowest possible cost, taking into account the safety aspect. This goal can be achieved by certifying the stability of the sectors when taking into account the effects of bending stresses, shear stresses, and deflection. Calibration was achieved using the beforehand published method in 2000. This method is used to ensure the results obtained for the slab thickness less than 15 cm then the results were extrapolated to include slabs with a larger thickness. The results of the present search come out into a set of indicating curves point to the required quantity of lumber for each sector. This strategy is much easier and straightforward to help in the design process rather than using conventional equations.
Electrochemically Induced Michael Addition Reaction: An Overview
Authors: Fotouhi Lida , Heravi Majid M. , Zadsirjan Vahideh , Atoi Paria Asadi
Published: June 2018

Due to its high potential for the formation of carbon‐carbon bonds, Michael addition reaction is one of the closest reactions to the heart of synthetic organic chemists. Electrochemistry presents a very stimulating and divergent resource for selective oxidation and reduction in organic chemistry, generating activated species, for example radical anions or radical cations. In this review, we try to underscore usefulness of electrogenerated Michael addition reaction with the hope of encouraging synthetic organic chemists to contemplate it, as an efficient and green strategy when it is required in their designed multi‐step reaction pathways.
Intersection of world-lines on curved surfaces and path-ordering of the Wilson loop
Authors: Curry Chris , Mansfield Paul
Published: June 2018

Abstract

We study contact interactions for long world-lines on a curved surface, focusing on the average number of times two world-lines intersect as a function of their end-points. The result can be used to extend the concept of path-ordering, as employed in the Wilson loop, from a closed curve into the interior of a surface spanning the curve. Taking this surface as a string world-sheet yields a generalisation of the string contact interaction previously used to represent the Abelian Wilson loop as a tensionless string. We also describe a supersymmetric generalisation.
Deflating the “DBS causes personality changes” bubble
Authors: Gilbert Frederic , Viaña J. N. M. , Ineichen C.
Published: June 2018

The idea that deep brain stimulation (DBS) induces changes to personality, identity, agency, authenticity, autonomy and self (PIAAAS) is so deeply entrenched within neuroethics discourses that it has become an unchallenged narrative. In this article, we critically assess evidence about putative effects of DBS on PIAAAS. We conducted a literature review of more than 1535 articles to investigate the prevalence of scientific evidence regarding these potential DBS-induced changes. While we observed an increase in the number of publications in theoretical neuroethics that mention putative DBS-induced changes to patients’ postoperative PIAAAS, we found a critical lack of primary empirical studies corroborating these claims. Our findings strongly suggest that the theoretical neuroethics debate on putative effects of DBS relies on very limited empirical evidence and is, instead, reliant on unsubstantiated speculative assumptions probablyin lieuof robust evidence. As such, this may reflect the likelihood of a speculative neuroethics bubble that may need to be deflated. Nevertheless, despite the low number of first-hand primary studies and large number of marginal and single case reports, potential postoperative DBS changes experienced by patients remain a critical ethical concern. We recommend further empirical research in order to enhance theoretical neuroethics work in the area. In particular, we call for the development of better instruments capable of capturing potential postoperative variations of PIAAAS.
Phenol Neurolysis for the Management of Shoulder Spasticity in Early Recovery From Traumatic Brain Injury: A Case Report
Authors: Mas Manuel F. , DiTommaso Craig , Li Sheng
Published: June 2018

This case describes a 16‐year‐old boy who suffered a severe traumatic brain injury. The patient gradually recovered but developed debilitating spasticity mainly in left triceps muscle, abnormal positioning of shoulder girdle complex, and shoulder pain. Phenol (6%) was injected to axillary and radial nerves under the guidance of electrical stimulation and ultrasound imaging at 10 weeks after the initial injury. After injection, triceps spasticity and shoulder pain were immediately reduced, and abnormal positions of shoulder girdle complex and elbow joint gradually returned to functional limits over 2 weeks. This case suggests that phenol neurolysis for spasticity management in early recovery could yield functional recovery.Level of Evidence: V
Anxiety and depression in spasmodic dysphonia patients
Authors: Hu Amanda , Hillel Al , Zhao Wei , Meyer Tanya
Published: June 2018

Objective/Hypothesis

Experts used to believe that spasmodic dysphonia (SD) was a psychogenic disorder. Although SD is now established as a neurological disorder, the rates of co‐morbid anxiety and depression range from 7.1% to 62%. Our objective was to study the prevalence and risk factors associated with these mood disorders in SD patients.

Study design

Retrospective.

Methods

SD patients who presented for botulinum toxin injections were recruited. Demographic data, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Voice Handicap Index‐10 (VHI‐10), General Self‐Efficacy scale (GSES), Disease Specific Self‐Efficacy in Spasmodic Dysphonia scale (DSSE), and Consensus Auditory Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE‐V) were collected.

Results

One hundred and forty two patients (age (59.2 ± 13.6) years, 25.4% male) had VHI‐10 of 26.3 ± 6.9 (mean ± standard deviation), GSES 33.2 ± 5.8, CAPE‐V 43.9 ± 20.9, HADS anxiety 6.7 ± 3.7, and HADS depression 3.6 ± 2.8. About 19 (13.4%) and 4 (2.8%) had symptoms of anxiety and depression respectively. Final linear regression model for HADS anxiety (R2 = 32.90%) showed that patients who were less likely to have anxiety symptoms were older age (p < 0.001), male (p = 0.002), have higher GSES (p < 0.001) and lower VHI‐10 (p = 0.004). Final linear regression model for HADS depression score (R2 = 34.42%) showed that patients who were less likely to have depressive symptoms had high DSSES (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Prevalence of anxiety (13.4%) and depression (2.8%) in SD were lower than previously reported in the literature. Risk factors for anxiety were: younger age, female gender, lower general self‐efficacy, and higher perceived vocal handicap. The main risk factor for depression was lower disease specific self‐efficacy.
How to build a secure API gateway
Authors: Macy Jason
Published: June 2018

In this era of hyper-connectivity, where almost every app or application relies on communication to a server or database somewhere, it has become harder than ever to secure an organisation's systems, data and business-critical processes. Most of the major technology trends that have shaped IT over the past few decades – such as cloud computing, BYOD, IoT and even social media have resulted in more people and entities connecting to corporate IT assets than ever before.

Most of the major technology trends of the past few decades have resulted in ever-greater numbers of connections to corporate IT assets.

At the heart of these connections are application programming interfaces (APIs) that underpin almost every interaction or process and these have quickly become a prime target for attackers. Yet despite their growing prominence, they have largely remained the sleeping giant of our technology-led world, attracting too little attention when it comes to security, explains Jason Macy of Forum Systems.
Emergency Organization of Child Psychiatric Care Following the Terrorist Attack on July 14, 2016, in Nice, France
Authors: Chauvelin Lucie , Gindt Morgane , Olliac Bertrand , Robert Philippe , Thümmler Susanne , Askenazy Florence
Published: June 2018

In the actual context of terrorism targeting children and families, it seems essential to describe different experiences of pediatric psychological emergency devices after such unexpected mass trauma. Here we testify our experience of the psychological emergency care setup dedicated to children and families during the first 48 hours after the terrorist attack of Nice, France, on July 14, 2016. Activated within the hour following the attack, the device included two child psychiatry teams turning over each day, receiving at least 163 individuals (99 children and 64 adults) within the first 2 days. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:144–146)
Laboratory radiative accretion shocks on GEKKO XII laser facility for POLAR project
Authors: Van Box Som L. , Falize É. , Koenig M. , Sakawa Y. , Albertazzi B. , Barroso P. , Bonnet-Bidaud J.-M. , Busschaert C. , Ciardi A. , Hara Y. , Katsuki N. , Kumar R. , Lefevre F. , Michaut C. , Michel Th. , Miura T. , Morita T. , Mouchet M. , Rigon G. , Sano T. , Shiiba S. , Shimogawara H. , Tomiya S.
Published: June 2018

A new target design is presented to model high-energy radiative accretion shocks in polars. In this paper, we present the experimental results obtained on the GEKKO XII laser facility for the POLAR project. The experimental results are compared with 2D FCI2 simulations to characterize the dynamics and the structure of plasma flow before and after the collision. The good agreement between simulations and experimental data confirms the formation of a reverse shock where cooling losses start modifying the post-shock region. With the multi-material structure of the target, a hydrodynamic collimation is exhibited and a radiative structure coupled with the reverse shock is highlighted in both experimental data and simulations. The flexibility of the laser energy produced on GEKKO XII allowed us to produce high-velocity flows and study new and interesting radiation hydrodynamic regimes between those obtained on the LULI2000 and Orion laser facilities.
Forever New Frontiers: Managing Messiness at the Edge
Authors: Yost Paul R. , Magill Matthew S.
Published: June 2018

The future of talent management will always be discovered on the frontier, and the frontier is always messy. There will always be charlatans selling snake oil and the latest personality assessments. What can be done? When operating at the edge of the map, one cannot rely on having the right answers because the challenges and the answers will be novel. However, adventurers can rely on the capabilities and processes that allow them to adapt and figure it out as they go.
Intersectionally Insufficient: A Necessary Expansion of the Social-Structural Lens
Authors: Brown Stephanie E. V. , Liu Sin-Ning Cindy
Published: June 2018

Miner et al.’s (2018) interpretation of gender inequity in STEM fields as a social-structural problem shifts the onus from “her” as the root of the problem to “us” as a society. However, despite noting the “even bleaker” outlook for women of color early on, the focal article lacks an intersectional focus, ignoring the differential experiences that exist between white women and women of color. Crenshaw's (1991) original work on intersectionality highlighted the fact that the experiences of women of color (WOC) often differ drastically from those of their White counterparts, and the subsequent body of intersectionality literature in a variety of fields reminds us that failing to include an intersectional perspective is an oversight we can no longer afford to make. With this in mind, we highlight the ways in which those at the intersection of both gender and racial minority status face a “double bind” (Malcom & Malcom, 2011), such that they are additionally disadvantaged by society's perceptions and expectations of the behavior of WOC.
Gender Disparity in STEM Across Cultures
Authors: Sachdev Aditi Rabindra
Published: June 2018

Miner et al. (2018) claim that focusing on individual factors to understand gender inequity in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) provides an incomplete explanation of the phenomenon. They challenge the appropriateness of individual-level explanations that hold women responsible for the injustices they experience, suggesting that this perspective fails to consider larger social-contextual influences. Instead, to explain gender disparity in the STEM fields, Miner et al. offer a social-structural lens through which to view the situation that relies on commonly held beliefs about women in society. The inequality that characterizes these fields, however, is a worldwide phenomenon that spans societal boundaries. Therefore, understanding the social-contextual factors that contribute to gender inequality in the STEM fields requires a cross-cultural examination of norms and values. In this commentary, I first outline a program of research aimed at developing an empirically supported theoretical framework that explains gender inequity in the STEM fields from a cross-cultural perspective. Then, I review the ways in which cultural beliefs influence education and careers in the STEM fields. Finally, I provide some practical suggestions of ways to promote gender equality in STEM fields. As such, this commentary serves as a call to integrate concepts from vocational, educational, and cross-cultural psychology to address an issue of upmost importance: equal representation.
One Size Does Not Fit All: Gender Inequity in STEM Varies Between Subfields
Authors: Gisler Stefanie , Kato Anne E. , Lee Soohyun , Leung Desmond W.
Published: June 2018

We wholeheartedly agree with Miner et al. (2018) that industrial and organizational (I-O) psychologists should take a lead in addressing gender inequity in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. The focal article is particularly timely in light of the recent controversial “Google memo” (Damore, 2017), in which a senior software engineer endorsed the same individual-level myths regarding the gender gap in STEM that were critiqued by Miner et al. (2018). However, we caution against painting all STEM fields with the same broad brush. We argue that it is critical for I-O psychologists to be aware of important differences between STEM subfields, as these distinctions suggest that a “one-size-fits-all” approach may be inadequate for addressing existing gender disparities in STEM. In order to be maximally effective, interventions may need to emphasize distinct issues and target different points in the career pipeline depending on the specific STEM subfield in question.
A Systems View of the Scientist–Practitioner Gap
Authors: Olenick Jeffrey , Walker Ross , Bradburn Jacob , DeShon Richard P.
Published: June 2018

We commend Rotolo et al. (2018) for introducing a new lens for viewing the well-known gap between industrial and organizational (I-O) psychology research and human resource (HR) practices in organizations. However, Rotolo et al.’s characterization of practitioner behavior as “anti I-O” suggests a particularly negative view of scientific research among some HR practitioners. The label implies that some HR practitioners are intentionally ignoring or actively resisting academic research. More likely, the behavior stems from a passive indifference to academia, which may be the appropriate attitude for some practitioners to adopt when a great deal of academic research is too slow, too theoretical, and too cryptically communicated to be useful in applied settings. We agree with Rotolo et al. when they say, “we are a discipline that is not geared for being cutting edge” (p. 182), and we appreciate their recommendations for addressing this lack of relevance. However, most recommendations in this broader discussion do not address the foundational problem within our field: a systemic mismatch between the incentives of practitioners and academics. To support this point, we briefly describe a typology of I-O psychologists as well as the varying contexts and incentives that drive their behavior. We then close with our own recommendations for how academia can improve its relevance to practitioners and close the gap. These changes are not easy, but we agree with Rotolo and colleagues that if any field can address such foundational problems, it is ours.
What Curbs Frontiers Research? A Reaction to Rotolo et al.'s Article
Authors: Rabenu Edna , Tziner Aharon
Published: June 2018

Rotolo et al. (2018) decry the rise in use of trendy, simplistic human resource management (HRM) procedures and practices such as talent management, regardless of any solid scientific basis culled from relevant disciplines such as industrial and organizational (I-O) psychology. Furthermore, they observe a propagating spirit of anti-I-O psychology that has recently emerged and that should provoke our concern. What has ignited and fueled this reality? Correctly noted, Rotolo et al. indicate that I-O psychology academics have, over the years, lost touch with the actual preoccupying needs of managers in organizations. Instead of promoting novel fields of exploration and devising innovative tools and procedures, I-O scientists overly invest their time, energy, and ingenuity in methodological minutiae and theorizing.
A CONJECTURE ON -MATRICES OF CLUSTER ALGEBRAS
Authors: CAO PEIGEN , HUANG MIN , LI FANG
Published: June 2018

For a skew-symmetrizable cluster algebra ${\mathcal{A}}_{t_{0}}$ with principal coefficients at $t_{0}$, we prove that each seed $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F4}_{t}$ of ${\mathcal{A}}_{t_{0}}$ is uniquely determined by its $C$-matrix, which was proposed by Fomin and Zelevinsky (Compos. Math. 143 (2007), 112–164) as a conjecture. Our proof is based on the fact that the positivity of cluster variables and sign coherence of $c$-vectors hold for ${\mathcal{A}}_{t_{0}}$, which was actually verified in Gross et al. (Canonical bases for cluster algebras, J. Amer. Math. Soc. 31(2) (2018), 497–608). Further discussion is provided in the sign-skew-symmetric case so as to obtain a weak version of the conjecture in this general case.
The Ties That Double Bind: Social Roles and Women's Underrepresentation in Politics
Authors: TEELE DAWN LANGAN , KALLA JOSHUA , ROSENBLUTH FRANCES
Published: June 2018

This paper theorizes three forms of bias that might limit women's representation: outright hostility, double standards, and a double bind whereby desired traits present bigger burdens for women than men. We examine these forms of bias using conjoint experiments derived from several original surveys—a population survey of American voters and two rounds of surveys of American public officials. We find no evidence of outright discrimination or of double standards. All else equal, most groups of respondents prefer female candidates, and evaluate men and women with identical profiles similarly. But on closer inspection, all is not equal. Across the board, elites and voters prefer candidates with traditional household profiles such as being married and having children, resulting in a double bind for many women. So long as social expectations about women's familial commitments cut against the demands of a full-time political career, women are likely to remain underrepresented in politics.
Effects of different forms of soybean lipids on enteric methane emission, performance and meat quality of feedlot Nellore
Authors: Silva R. A. , Fiorentini G. , Messana J. D. , Lage J. F. , Castagnino P. S. , San Vito E. , Carvalho I. P. C. , Berchielli T. T.
Published: June 2018

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of different forms of soybean lipids on enteric methane emission, intake, performance, digestibility and meat quality of 40 young Nellore bulls (initial body weight (BW) 444 ± 10.2 kg and 24 ± 2.1 months). The dietary treatments were as follows: NF = no dietary additional fat (46.0 g ether extract (EE)/kg diet), SO = soybean oil (62.0 g EE/kg diet), SB = soy beans (without any processing; 62.0 g EE/kg diet) and RPF = rumen-protected fat based on soybean oil (62.0 g EE/kg diet). The intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) was greater in the SO diet than those fed with NF. The SO diet decreased digestibility of NDF when compared with the NF and RPF diets. The diets did not affect digestibility of DM, OM, CP or emission of enteric methane. Animals fed with SO had greater average daily gain and feed efficiency in relation to the other diets tested. The SO diet increased hot and cold carcass weights and subcutaneous fat thickness of carcasses when compared with the NF diet. The proportions of saturated and unsaturated, mono and polyunsaturated, and n-3 and n-6 fatty acids were not affected significantly by treatments. The SO diets were demonstrated to be more beneficial for animal performance compared with diets without supplemental fat.
High ionisation fraction plasmas in a low temperature, multidipole cusp plasma
Authors: Désangles V. , Milhone J. , Cooper C. , Weisberg D. B. , Nornberg M. D. , Forest C. B.
Published: June 2018

The depletion of neutral helium atoms has been studied in an unmagnetised spherical plasma created by DC discharge in a multidipole confinement field. Knowing the neutral density profile is critical to predicting the equilibrium flow of such plasmas. A model of the emissivity due to electron-impact excitation of neutral atoms in the plasma has been derived and used to fit radiance measurements of several neutral transitions to extract the radial profile of neutral density for plasmas of varying temperature and density. We report a depletion of the core neutral density varying between negligible levels to 80 % of the edge neutral density depending on the input power and fuelling. The corresponding ionisation fraction varies between 30–80 % in the plasma core. A simple neutral diffusion model is sufficient to describe the shape of neutral density profile implied by the radiance measurements. We have used the measurements to include a drag force due to neutral charge-exchange collisions in simulations of driven plasma flow. The simulation predicts a better fit to Mach probe flow measurements when this neutral drag is accounted for. This work shows that accounting for a realistic neutral profile is important to predict the plasma flow geometry and its magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) stability.
Inuit adaptability to changing environmental conditions over an 11-year period in Ulukhaktok, Northwest Territories
Authors: Fawcett David , Pearce Tristan , Notaina Roland , Ford James D. , Collings Peter
Published: June 2018

Current understanding of climate change impacts, adaptation and vulnerability among Inuit in the Arctic is relatively static, rooted in the community and time that case studies were conducted. This paper captures the dynamism of Inuit–climate relationships by applying a longitudinal approach to assessing vulnerability to climate change among Inuit in Ulukhaktok, Northwest Territories, Canada. Data were collected in 2005 and 2016 following a consistent methodology and analytical framework. Findings from the studies are analysed comparatively together with longitudinal datasets. The data reveal that many of the climatic changes recorded in 2005 that adversely affected hunting activities have been observed to be persisting or progressing, such as decreasing sea ice thickness and extent, and stronger and more consistent summer winds. Inuit are responding by altering travel routes and equipment, taking greater pre-trip precautions, and concentrating their efforts on more efficient and accessible hunts. Increasing living and subsistence costs and time-constraints, changes in the generation and transmission of environmental knowledge and land skills, and the concentration of country food sharing networks were identified as key constraints to adaptation. The findings indicate that the connections between subsistence activities and the wage economy are central to understanding how Inuit experience and respond to climate change.
PERFORMING LUIGI NONO'S FLUTE MUSIC
Authors: Agi Daniel , Bledsoe Helen
Published: June 2018

A performer of Luigi Nono's late works is often faced with crucial questions regarding interpretation and technical details. An important tradition has evolved in performing these works, nevertheless it is not always easy to find the necessary information to play them adequately. This article attempts to answer some of the technical and interpretational questions in the context of Das atmende Klarsein and A Pierre – Dell'Azzurro silenzio, inquietum. Our hope is that it will contribute to the discussion about authenticity and freedom of interpretation and provide flutists with practical information not found in the scores.
RĂDULESCU: THE OTHER SPECTRALIST
Authors: Suckling Martin
Published: June 2018

Compared to the central figures of French spectral music, Horaţiu Rădulescu has received relatively little critical attention. Contrasting temperaments, writing styles and surface musical features have led to a tendency to place Rădulescu in opposition to Grisey in particular. In this article I analyse some of Rădulescu's theoretical writing and demonstrate important shared values with the spectral ‘mainstream’. I then examine Das Andere for solo viola, Op. 49 (1983) in detail and compare it to Grisey's solo viola masterpiece, Prologue (1976). In so doing I hope not only to reveal the inner workings of one of Rădulescu's most compelling and approachable pieces, but also to show some common strategies with Grisey, regardless of their radically different aural results.
A CONVERSATION WITH MONTY ADKINS
Authors: Cummings Simon
Published: June 2018

This edited transcript of a conversation with composer Monty Adkins explores a wide range of topics: the fundamental aspects of Adkins’ compositional aesthetic, the history and development of his practice, musical influences, considerations of beauty, narrative vs. abstract approaches to composition, types of listening, perceptions of time, notions of the sacred, the imposition (and benefits) of compositional restrictions, the organisation/structuring of non-teleological music, combining electronics with live instruments, and Adkins’ relationship with the listener. The conversation took place on 24 February 2017 at the University of Huddersfield, during the annual Electric Spring festival. Audio of the complete, three-hour conversation can be downloaded and streamed at http://5against4.com/2017/04/18/the-dialogues-monty-adkins/.
PORCELAIN
Authors: Moore Kate
Published: June 2018

Time through history can be marked by the passing of generations. Archeological sites reveal the intimate secrets of our ancient ancestors through thousands of pieces of broken pottery recovered from the ground. Piecing together these shards can be likened to reconstructing a jigsaw puzzle, one of long forgotten civilisations, places, memories and stories.
Ultraschall Berlin
Authors: Johnstone Sam
Published: June 2018

In an industry where the brand new and the first performance are fixated upon, Ultraschall Berlin is to be applauded for being less interested in presenting a glut of premieres than in cultivating a twenty-first-century tradition. At this year's festival, its twentieth edition, only a quarter of the 69 works performed were world premieres, with just four of them commissioned by the two organisations presenting the festival, state broadcasters rbb and Deutschlandfunk Kultur.
Transformations in Representations of Gender During the Emergence of the Teotihuacan State: A Regional Case Study of Ceramic Figurines from the Basin of Mexico
Authors: Hagerman Kiri
Published: June 2018

This paper investigates transformations in the construction and expression of gender ideologies in the Basin of Mexico from the late Middle Formative through Classic periods (approx. 800bc–ad600). Ceramic figurines from the sites of Teotihuacan, Axotlan, Cerro Portezuelo and Huixtoco are used to explore how elements of gender were constructed and communicated in the region over the course of a millennium, and how these practices underwent a transformation during the emergence and expansion of the Teotihuacan state. During the Formative periods, the selection, combination, or omission of sexual attributes in association with decorative elements such as jewellery formed a flexible strategy for depicting a variety of social identities across the Basin of Mexico. The emergence of the Teotihuacan figurine style in the Terminal Formative period brought with it significant changes to the way figurine bodies were formed—sexual attributes disappeared and were replaced with increasingly elaborate clothing and jewellery as the figurine corpus diversified into multiple types. Although relative rates of depictions of feminine and masculine figurines shifted over time, in no period were figurines limited to a binary set of depictions, indicating diverse social identities and gender ideologies in the Basin of Mexico over time.
100 Reciprocal Relationship Between Olfactory Ability and Olfactory Hallucination
Authors: Bardan Usama , Kress Stefany , Hirsch Alan R.
Published: June 2018

Introduction

Transient fluctuation of smell concurrent with phantosmia has not been reported. Four such cases are presented.

Methods

Case 1: A 27-year-old left handed (pathological) female, 7 years prior to presentation, noted constant olfactory hallucinations of dried blood and rotten sour eggs, level 8/10 in intensity.

Results: Without phantosmia: Alcohol Sniff Test (AST): 14 (hyposmia). Brief Smell Identification Test (BSIT): 10 (normosmia). Retronasal Smell Index: 0 (abnormal).

With phantosmia: AST: 1 (anosmia). BSIT: 12 (normosmia). Retronasal Smell Index: 0 (abnormal). Normal 72-hour EEG and MRI.

Case 2: A 19 year old right-handed woman presented with a 4 month history of unpleasant, fruity, rotten phantosmia occurring three times a day, 6-7/10 in intensity.

Results: Without phantosmia: Pocket Smell Test (PST): 3 (normosmia). AST: 30 (normosmia). With phantosmia: AST: 13 (hyposmia). CT scan: normal. MRI: normal.

Case 3: A 40 year old right-handed female presented with ashtray/cigarette phantosmia , occurring 10 times a day, lasting seconds to all day, 10/10 in intensity. Her sense of smell is normal except when the phantosmia is present, during which time it decreases to 70% of normal.

Results: Without phantosmia: BSIT: 11 (normosmia). AST: 30 (normosmia). With phantosmia: AST: 11 (hyposmia). PST: 3 (normosmia). EEG: normal. MRI: few subcortical white matter hyperintensities on flair imaging.

Case 4: A 60 year old right handed male with type 1 diabetes mellitus presented with four months of phantosmia of sweet tobacco, level 8/10 in severity, involves both nostrils, lasting 10 seconds and occurring two times a day. Over time, the hallucinated odor changed to a soapy smell 2-3/10 in intensity.

Results: Without phantosmia: AST: 6 (hyposmia). BSIT: 8 (hyposmia). With phantosmia: AST: 1 (anosmia). PST: 2 (hyposmia). CT scan: normal.

Discussion

Olfactory ability should be assessed in those with phantosmia, both during and in the absence of hallucinated odors, to detect transient olfactory deficits in order to direct treatment towards this condition.
108 Lurasidone in Children and Adolescents With Bipolar Depression Presenting With Mixed Features
Authors: Siu Cynthia , Pikalov Andrei , Tocco Michael , Loebel Antony
Published: June 2018

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of lurasidone in the treatment of children and adolescents with bipolar depression presenting with mixed features.

Methods

Patients 10 to 17 years of age, inclusive, with a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of bipolar I depression, were randomized to 6 weeks of double-blind treatment with once-daily, flexible doses of lurasidone 20-80 mg or placebo. The presence of mixed features (subthreshold hypomanic symptoms) was defined as a YMRS score > 5 at study baseline. Efficacy analyses included change from baseline to week 6 in Children Depression Rating Scale, Revised (CDRS-R) score (the primary outcome), and Clinical Global Impressions, Bipolar Severity of Depression Score (CGI-BP-S), using mixed model for repeated measures (MMRM) analysis.

Results

At baseline, mixed features were present in 54.2% of patients (lurasidone, n=97/173; placebo, n=89/170). Treatment with lurasidone (vs placebo) was associated with significantly greater reductions in CDRS-R scores at week 6 in the mixed features group (-21.5 vs -15.9; P<0.01; effect size, 0.45), and in the group without mixed features (-20.4 vs -14.8; P<0.01; effect size, 0.45). Likewise, lurasidone was associated with greater effect size (vs placebo) for reductions inCGI-BP-S scores at week 6 in the mixed features group (-1.6 vs -1.1; P<0.001; effect size 0.57), and in the group without mixed features (-1.3 vs -1.0; P=0.05; effect size 0.30). Rates of protocol-defined treatment-emergent hypomania or mania were similar for lurasidone and placebo in patients with mixed features(lurasidone 8.2% vs. placebo 9.0%) and without mixed features (lurasidone 1.3% vs. placebo 3.7%).

Conclusions

In this post-hoc analysis, lurasidone was found to be efficacious for treating child and adolescent patients with bipolar depression presenting with mixed features(assessed cross-sectionally at study baseline). There was no increased risk of treatment-emergent mania observed in patients with or without mixed features.

Funding Acknowledgements

Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc.
109 Comparative Efficacy and Tolerability of Lurasidone Versus Other Oral Atypical Antipsychotics for Pediatric Schizophrenia: A Network Meta Analysis
Authors: Arango Celso , Ng-Mak Daisy , Finn Elaine , Byrne Aidan , Rajagopalan Krithika , Loebel Antony
Published: June 2018

Study Objective

This analysis assessed the relative efficacy and tolerability of lurasidone versus other atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of pediatricschizophrenia.

Methods

A systematic literature review identified 13 randomized-controlled trials for the treatment of pediatric schizophrenia. A Bayesian network meta-analysis compared the efficacy and tolerability of the following atypical antipsychotics: aripiprazole, asenapine, clozapine, lurasidone, olanzapine, paliperidone, quetiapine, risperidone, andziprasidone. Patients were 7-17 years old and trial duration ranged from 6-12 weeks. Outcomes included Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S), weight gain, all-cause treatment discontinuation, and extrapyramidal symptoms. Results from the fixed effect models were reported as mean differences for continuous outcomes and odds ratios for binary outcomes; each with a 95% credible interval.

Results

Lurasidone had significantly greater improvement compared with placebo for PANSS (-7.95 [-11.76, -4.16]) and CGI-S (-0.44 [-0.67, -0.22]), but did not differ from comparators. The differences in weight gain for lurasidone relative to comparators were as follows: clozapine (-3.81kg [-8.03, 0.42]), olanzapine (-3.62kg [-4.84, -2.41]), quetiapine (-2.13kg [-3.20, -1.08]), risperidone (-1.16kg [-2.14, -0.17]), asenapine (-0.98kg [-1.71, -0.24]), paliperidone (-0.85kg [-1.57, -0.14]), aripiprazole (-0.15kg [-0.88, 0.58]), and ziprasidone (0.38kg [-0.49, 1.24]); all were statistically significant except for clozapine, aripiprazole, and ziprasidone. Rates of all-cause discontinuation andextrapyramidal symptoms were similar for lurasidone and comparators, except aripiprazole and paliperidone, which had higher rates of all-cause discontinuation.

Conclusions

In this network meta-analysis of atypical antipsychotics for the treatment of adolescent schizophrenia, lurasidone was associated with similar efficacy, but less weight gain than active comparators.

Funding Acknowledgements

This study was funded by Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc.
110 Increased Intracranial Pressure induced Mal de Debarquement Syndrome
Authors: Rekhi Angela , Hirsch Alan R.
Published: June 2018

Study Objective

Mal de Debarquement Syndrome (MdDS) is a prolonged rocking or swaying type of imbalance that occurs after lengthy exposure to motion, yet ensuing in the absence of motion. The provoking motion is most commonly following sea travel. MdDS has not heretofore been described in association with increased intracranial pressure. Such a case is presented.

Methods

Case Study: A 46-year-old female, with a history of hydrocephalus after infantile meningitis with ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement and multiple revisions, has a constant feeling of ‘rocking side to side’. One year and one-half year prior to presentation, she suffered two epochs of severe bilateral headaches coinciding with, as she describes, “the feeling of rocking, as if on a ship”. Both of these episodes were constant and lasted all day, progressively increasing in intensity for one week. During these events, she admits to nausea, but denied any vomiting, spinning, epigastric rising, or déjà vu or jamais vu. During the epochs there was no tinnitus, orthostatic hypertension, visual obscuration, loss of consciousness, syncope, seizures, weakness or falls. Prior to, or associated with the swaying sensation, she denies lightheadedness, pallor, salivation, blurred vision, tachycardia, visual auras or other neurological auras. There were no alleviating or aggravating factors, and were unrelated to position change, head movement, neck extension or rotation, coughing, or urination. She denies any recent air-travel, diving, sleeping on a waterbed, or alcohol use. In both epochs, shunt malfunction and associated increased intracranial pressure were discovered. Immediate resolution of the headache and dizziness episodes were achieved after shunt revision with correction of increased intracranial pressure.

Results

Abnormalities in Cranial Nerve (CN) Examination: CN I: Alcohol Sniff Test: 14 (hyposmia). CN II: Visual Acuity OS 20/25. CN III, IV, VI: Saccadization of horizontal eye movement. Bilateral ptosis left > right. CN IX, X: Uvula deviated to the right. Motor Examination: Drift Testing: Left upward and outward drift with left Abductor Digiti Minimi sign. Reflexes: 3+ throughout.

Conclusions

Typically seen in middle aged woman, MdDS is a rare, self-limiting condition in which an abnormal sensation of rocking or swaying back and forth is perceived after exposure to air, car, land or sea travel (Nwagwu 2015). The phantom perception of self-motion occurs upon return to ground (Nwagwu 2015). This has been postulated to be due to maladaptation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (Hain 2016) or disorder of connection between the entorhinal cortex and amygdala (Cha 2012). Increased intracranial pressure can affect the entire neural axis, including brainstem and cortical areas associated with MdDS. In those who present with intractable MdDS, measurement of intracranial pressure and treatment of any elevations may be warranted.

Funding Acknowledgements

Smell and Taste Treatment and Research Foundation