Розподіл кадмію в грунтах Дніпропетровської області та його акумуляція в продукції рослинництва
Authors: Chorna V.I. , Voroshylova N.V. , Syrovatko V.A. 
Published: April 2018

<p><span lang="UK">The </span><span lang="EN-US">challenge</span><span lang="UK"> of environmental pollution by various chemicals</span><span lang="EN-US"> occurs during assessment of </span><span lang="UK">pollutant</span><span lang="EN-US">s</span><span lang="UK"> accumulation</span><span lang="EN-US"> in </span><span lang="UK">agricultural plants</span><span lang="EN-US"> and </span><span lang="UK">influenc</span><span lang="EN-US">e</span><span lang="EN-US">of </span><span lang="UK">soil factor</span><span lang="EN-US">s on</span><span lang="UK"> this process</span><span lang="EN-US"> and </span><span lang="UK">identification of </span><span lang="EN-US">fundamental mechanisms </span><span lang="UK">of heavy metals migration in the soil-plant system</span><span lang="EN-US">; </span><span lang="UK">heavy metals </span><span lang="EN-US">hold </span><span lang="UK">a special place among </span><span lang="EN-US">such pollutants. Danger </span><span lang="UK">of heavy metals entering </span><span lang="EN-US">in</span><span lang="UK"> environment </span><span lang="EN-US">is </span><span lang="UK">determined by the fact that</span><span lang="EN-US"> heavy metals do not degrade</span><span lang="UK"> unlike organic pollutants, but </span><span lang="EN-US">can transform</span><span lang="UK"> from one form to another. Contamination </span><span lang="EN-US">a</span><span lang="UK">ssessment of soil and </span><span lang="EN-US">agricultural plants</span><span lang="UK"> by heavy metals (Cd) in the territory of Dnipropetrovsk region was conducted on 29 monitoring sites located on two soil types: </span><span lang="EN-US">ordinary chernozem</span><span lang="UK"> and south</span><span lang="EN-US"> ordinary chernozem</span><span lang="UK">. Cadmium </span><span lang="EN-US">intake </span><span lang="UK">from soil was studied on the main crops: grains and straw </span><span lang="EN-US">of </span><span lang="UK">wheat;</span><span lang="EN-US"> and </span><span lang="UK">sunflower seed</span><span lang="EN-US">.</span><span lang="UK"> Cadmium content was determined by </span><span lang="EN-US">the technique of </span><span lang="UK">atomic absorption spectrometry. Density of probability distribution o</span><span lang="EN-US">n</span><span lang="UK"> cadmium concentration</span><span lang="EN-US">s</span><span lang="UK"> in soils and crop production was obtained by statistical modeling according to logarithmically normal distribution.</span><span lang="UK">It </span><span lang="EN-US">was</span><span lang="UK"> established that only </span><span lang="EN-US">3</span><span lang="UK"> components are distinguished </span><span lang="EN-US">with</span><span lang="UK">in </span><span lang="EN-US">integral</span><span lang="UK"> curve of probability distribution density </span><span lang="EN-US">on</span><span lang="UK"> cadmium distribution in soil with the following sequence: ordinary </span><span lang="EN-US">chernozem</span><span lang="UK">, southern ordinary </span><span lang="EN-US">chernozem,</span><span lang="UK"> and </span><span lang="EN-US">areas</span><span lang="UK"> influence</span><span lang="EN-US">d</span><span lang="UK"> pollution </span><span lang="EN-US">exposures of various </span><span lang="UK">degree. It has been established </span><span lang="EN-US">with</span><span lang="UK">in the region that 23% of </span><span lang="EN-US">w</span><span lang="UK">heat grain crop </span><span lang="EN-US">have </span><span lang="UK">excess cadmium content. Secondary products (straw) have similar characteristics, but with higher </span><span lang="EN-US">average</span><span lang="UK"> values and higher variability. It </span><span lang="EN-US">was</span><span lang="UK"> established that </span><span lang="EN-US">4</span><span lang="UK"> components are distinguished </span><span lang="EN-US">with</span><span lang="UK">in </span><span lang="EN-US">integral</span><span lang="UK"> curve of probability distribution density </span><span lang="EN-US">on </span><span lang="UK">sunflower seed with </span><span lang="EN-US">adequate mean values</span><span lang="UK">:Root system of the investigated plants performs a protective function, which </span><span lang="EN-US">inhibit</span><span lang="UK"> cadmium transport in </span><span lang="EN-US">aboveground</span><span lang="UK"> part of plants and its accumulation in generative and reproductive organs. Biological features of plants, along with the agrochemical properties of soil, can be attributed to the main factors that influence Cd transition from soil to agricultural plants.</span></p>