bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MODIFICATION OF THE MNA-SF FOR COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS AT RISK OF MALNUTRITION
Authors: Nakamura I. , Yoshida T. , Kumagai H.
Published: December 2021

Objectives: The Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF) may be insufficient for screening and assessing the nutritional status of community-dwelling older adults. We modified MNA-SF to improve the ability for discriminating those at risk of malnutrition. Setting and participants: 123 community-dwelling elderly Japanese. Methods: Nutritional status was examined by the subjective global assessment (SGA), the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) and MNA-SF. The reference standard for the diagnosis of “at risk of malnutrition” was composed from the SGA and GNRI. Specific factors associated with malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults were extracted from a literature survey and classified by a principal component analysis. A new 8-item MNA-home was constructed by adding two items from these components to the MNA-SF and compared with the MNA-SF by applying a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Among the various potential MNA-home scores, the ROC curve revealed that the MNA-SF plus two items, namely an inability to prepare own meals and no motivation to go out, produced the largest area under the curve (AUC), this value being greater than that from the MNA-SF. The score of MNA-home was significantly correlated with serum albumin and hemoglobin, although the score of MNA-SF was not. The cutoff value for predicting at risk of malnutrition was <14 in the MNA-home. Conclusion: The new MNA-home had a better discriminating ability than the MNA-SF to identify those at risk of malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults. A subsequent long-term study is necessary to validate this MNA-home for correctly discriminating community-dwelling older adults at risk of malnutrition.
SIX WEEKS OF DAILY BLUEBERRY CONSUMPTION DOES NOT ALTER AGED SKELETAL MUSCLE INFLAMMATION PROFILE OR INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE TO ECCENTRIC-EXERCISE
Authors: Demczar C. , Behrens C. , Baltz L. , Georgescu V.P. , Arminavage D. , Brown J.M. , Fussell D. , Trate T.C. , McAnulty S.R. , McAnulty L.S. , Merritt E.K.
Published: December 2021

Muscles of old adults respond to stress with heightened inflammatory signaling that disrupts the regenerative process. This muscle inflammation susceptibility could contribute to the age-related decline in muscle mass, as anti-inflammatory medications taken concurrently with exercise training, have proven beneficial in attenuating age-related loss of muscle mass. With antioxidants and anti-inflammatory potential, blueberries (BB) are a natural alternative that might regulate aged muscle inflammation susceptibility. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of BB consumption on the muscle inflammatory profile of older adults, and to determine the subsequent muscle inflammatory response to exercise. We hypothesized that BB would lower the inflammatory profile of muscle and attenuate the inflammatory response after resistance exercise. Design: Subjects were randomized to receive daily BB or placebo supplements, which were blind to subjects and researchers. All subjects underwent baseline functional testing, post-supplementation testing, and testing post-muscle stress stimulus. Setting: Volunteers were recruited from Western North Carolina region, USA. Participants: Healthy, non-resistance trained adults over 60 years old (n=22) were recruited. Measurements: Profiles of inflammation pathways known to affect muscle mass were established prior to and after 6-weeks of daily consumption of BB. Post-supplementation, subjects performed an exercise protocol to induce inflammation and returned 24 hours post-exercise to determine the muscle inflammatory profiles. Results: Muscle cytokine and soluble cytokine receptor levels were similar between groups and within groups before and after BB consumption. Cytokine and cytokine receptor levels post-muscle stress changed similarly in the BB and placebo group, indicating BB had no effect on the muscle’s inflammatory response. Total plasma antioxidant capacity was 22% higher in the BB group 24-hours post-muscle stress, however, plasma oxidative stress was not different between groups or within groups. Conclusion: While BB consumption did not affect inflammatory signaling pathways within the muscle nor affect inflammation after a regenerative stimulus, a higher plasma antioxidant capacity could contribute to a better long-term regenerative response.
Estudo clínico comparativo entre cirurgia convencional e a radiação laser Co2 em fenômeno de retenção de muco
Authors: Fernandes Aletéia M. M. , Morosolli Aline Rose C. , Farias Luciana P. , N. Filho Walter
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o aspecto clínico entre o tratamento cirúrgico convencional e a laser de dióxido de carbono (CO2) em fenômeno de retenção de muco (FRM). Foram constituídos dois grupos de pacientes, num total de vinte e quatro. Grupo I (biópsia convencional) com nove pacientes adultos, tratados através de cirurgia do tipo biópsia excisional. Grupo II (radiação laser) com quinze pacientes adultos tratados através de vaporização a laser, em modo contínuo, foco de 0,6mm de diâmetro, 2 Watts de potência, Densidade de potência (=Intensidade) de 256 W/cm2, fluência de 0,077 J/cm2. Os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente pelos métodos de Teste de Permutação Exata, Teste Exato de Fisher e análise percentual. As cirurgias em lesões do tipo FRM tratados com laser de CO2 apresentaram melhores resultados do que àquelas realizadas através de cirurgia convencional. Os pacientes submetidos à vaporização com laser de CO2 apresentaram ausência de hemorragia e/ou diminuição da dor e edema, assim como a desnecessidade de sutura. Comparada ao método convencional, a cirurgia com laser de CO2 requer menor tempo de trabalho constituindo uma excelente vantagem. Entretanto, o aspecto clínico final das biópsias nos dois grupos não apresentou diferenças significativas.
Resistência à flexão de cimentos resinosos
Authors: D. Corrêa Maristela , Ribeiro Carolina F. , Cunha Lia A. , Pagani Clovis
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a propriedade mecânica de resistência à flexão de quatro cimentos resinosos duais: Enforce F, Variolink II, Bistite II DC e Panavia F. Para tanto, foram confeccionados 40 corpos-de-prova (n=10) de 9mm x 1mm x 1mm, através de uma matriz metálica. O cimento resinoso foi levado à matriz em incremento único até o total preenchimento da matriz. Após a fotopolimerização, os espécimes foram armazenados em água destilada a 37ºC por 24h. Em seguida, em cada grupo foi realizado o ensaio mecânico de resistência à flexão de 3 pontos, com uma célula de carga de 50 Kgf, a uma velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. Os resultados foram registrados em MPa, e analisados estatisticamente pelo método de análise de variância e pelo teste de Tukey (5%). Foi observado que os cimentos Bistite II DC e Panavia F apresentaram médias de resistência à flexão significantemente maiores do que os cimentos Variolink II e Enforce F.
Avaliação dimensional de duas resinas acrílicas utilizadas na obtenção de modelos de remontagem em prótese parcial fixa
Authors: Magalhães Neto Orlando , Adib Kairalla Rogério , Da Cunha Ribeiro Silas , Piero Neisser Maximiliano
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho teve o propósito de avaliar a precisão de duas resinas quimicamente ativáveis Duralay (EUA) e Cop Clas (Brasil), utilizadas no preenchimento de copings metálicos, durante os procedimentos de moldagem de transferência e obtenção do modelo de remontagem. Foi utilizado um manequim odontológico dentado do arco superior, do qual foram removidos os segundos pré-molares superiores, simulando espaços protéticos bilaterais. Os dentes contíguos aos espaços protéticos foram preparados para receber coroas metalocerâmicas; quatro copings foram adaptados nos preparos do modelo padrão e foram realizadas dez moldagens de transferência utilizando uma silicona de adição. Para cada molde obtido, a superfície interna dos copings foi isolada e preenchida com resina acrílica Duralay vermelha. Desta forma foram obtidos dez modelos de remontagem. O mesmo foi realizado para a obtenção de mais dez modelos de remontagem, preenchendo agora a superfície interna dos copings com resina acrílica Cop Class. Foram obtidas imagens (HP scanjet 3750c) da superfície oclusal de todos os modelos; estas foram levadas a um Programa de Análise de Imagens, no qual foi possível medir as distâncias entre pontos previamente demarcados nos copings. A média dos resultados (P1-P2 = 35,680, P2-P3 = 15,530, P3-P4 = 45,315 e P4-P1 = 17,105) foram tratados estatisticamente (teste t de Student, teste F de Fischer e Procedimento de Chauvenet) e mostraram não haver diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os materiais ensaiados.
Condição periodontal durante a gestação em um grupo de mulheres brasileiras
Authors: Moimaz Suzely A. S. , Garbin Cléa A. S. , Saliba Nemre A. , Zina Lívia G.
Published: December 2021

Durante a gestação, inúmeros fatores contribuem para o desenvolvimento da doença periodontal. Minimizar o risco de intercorrências na gravidez e a transmissibilidade de microorganismos bucais patogênicos constitui-se em importante conduta preventiva para o binômio mãe/fi lho. Foi objetivo deste estudo avaliar a prevalência, severidade e necessidades de tratamento da doença periodontal em pacientes atendidas na Clínica de Gestante da FOA-UNESP, durante o período de 1999-2003. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de fi chas elaboradas para registro da condição periodontal, utilizando-se medidas do Índice Periodontal Comunitário e Perda de Inserção, preconizados pela OMS. Das 315 gestantes atendidas, 86,97% apresentaram sinais da doença, correspondendo a um número médio de 3,96 sextantes; 40,75% apresentaram bolsa periodontal com 4 mm ou mais de profundidade, média de 0,98 sextante. A porcentagem de pacientes com perda de inserção maior que 4 mm foi de 26,34%. O número médio de sextantes com nível de inserção adequado foi 5,07. Em relação às necessidades de tratamento, 86,97% necessitaram de instruções em higiene bucal, 66,80% de raspagem radicular e/ou eliminação de margens de restaurações defeituosas e somente 10,92% requereram tratamento cirúrgico complexo. Estes achados confi rmaram a gengivite como principal manifestação clínica da doença periodontal nas pacientes examinadas. O atendimento de gestantes através de programas preventivos visa a promoção da saúde bucal e motivação das pacientes, alcançando a prevenção primária das principais doenças bucais.
Influência da polimerização por meio da energia de microondas sobre a porosidade interna de bases de resina acrílica de prótese total superior
Authors: Pero Ana Carolina , Brogna Ana Carolina , Barbosa Débora B. , Compagnoni Marco Antonio
Published: December 2021

A porosidade na resina acrílica (RA) é atribuída a uma série de fatores e pode interferir nas propriedades deste material e na estética das bases protéticas. Ela pode estar associada à polimerização incompleta da RA ou ao excesso de aquecimento durante a sua polimerização. A utilização da energia de microondas na polimerização da RA é um processo que apresenta como principal vantagem a economia de tempo nos procedimentos laboratoriais para a confecção de próteses totais. No entanto, é importante que se utilizem tempos e potências adequados para que não ocorra prejuízo às propriedades físicas e mecânicas da RA. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verifi car a presença de poros em diferentes regiões de bases protéticas de RA de prótese total superior, com espessura de 3,5 mm, processadas em três ciclos de polimerização por meio da energia de microondas: A) 500 W por 3’; B) 90 W por 13’ (mufl a na vertical) + 500 W por 90’’ (mufla na horizontal); C) 320 W por 3’ + 4’ 0W + 720 W por 3’. O grupo controle foi polimerizado em banho de água quente por 9 h a 74oC (ciclo T). Após o seu processamento, as bases foram seccionadas transversalmente em três regiões (anterior, média e posterior) e em cada região três áreas foram analisadas. As imagens dessas áreas foram capturadas em um microscópio e a área dos poros foi quantifi cada por um programa de computador (Leica). O teste de Kruskal-Wallis não detectou diferenças entre os diferentes ciclos e regiões das bases avaliadas (a=.05). Nenhuma diferença signifi cativa naporosidade foi encontrada em relação às regiões analisadas nas bases polimerizadas nos ciclos em microondas. Ainda, a quantidade de poros nas bases polimerizadas em microondas foi semelhante para as bases polimerizadas pelo método convencional, independente da região analisada. Concluiu-se que a presença de poros não sofreu infl uência do ciclo de polimerização e da área da base protética maxilar analisada.
Influência da inclusão, polimento e período de armazenagem, sobre a rugosidade de resinas acrílicas para próteses oculares
Authors: Goiato Marcelo Coelho , Santos Daniela Micheline dos , Barão Valentim Adelino Ricardo , Souza Josiene Firmino de , Pesqueira Aldiéris Alves , Fernandes Aline Úrsula Rocha
Published: December 2021

A proposta desse estudo foi avaliar a rugosidade de resinas acrílicas próprias para confecção de próteses oculares, sub-metidas a dois diferentes métodos de inclusão e polimento, antes e após 60 dias de armazenagem. Foram confeccionados 24 corpos-de-prova, obtidos a partir de discos em resina acrílica incolor confeccionados em prensa semi-automática. Os discos foram incluídos em muflas próprias para microondas, utilizando dois diferentes tipos de materiais para revestimento, gesso especial e silicone de condensação. Após a presa final do gesso, as muflas foram abertas, os discos retirados e a resina prensada e polimerizada em forno microondas. Após o resfriamento natural das muflas, os corpos-de-prova foram desincluídos e submetidos ao acabamento e polimento. Dos 24 corpos-de-prova obtidos, 12 receberam polimento mecânico e restante polimento químico. Os corpos-de-prova foram submetidos ao teste de rugosidade de superfície, antes e após um período de armazenagem de 60 dias, utilizando um rugosímetro digital portátil modelo RP100 (Tonka Sul Americana Ltda, Brasil). Para cada corpo-de-prova foram realizadas 3 leituras que posteriormente foram transformadas em valores médios. Os resultados obtidos foram avaliados utilizando análise de variância seguido pelo teste de Tukey em nível de 5% de significância. Em todos os grupos houve um aumento na rugosidade superficial após 60 dias de armazenagem, porém estes valores só foram estatisticamente significantes para os corpos-de-prova polidos quimicamente. O grupo silicone proporcionou menores valores de rugosidade para os grupos quimicamente polidos. Independente do polimento empregado e do tempo de armazenagem, a inclusão com gesso proporcionou maiores valores de rugosidade superficial.
Biocompatibility of two types of resins for prosthetic usage
Authors: Rode Sigmar M. , Cavalcanti Bruno N. , Ferrielo Vanessa , Faria Miriam R. , Villa Nelson
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the present study was evaluate the biological compatibility of materials used to manufacture prosthetic appliances. A heat-polymerized colorless resin and one visible light-cured denture base material were tested by the implantation of probe discs, in the dorsal connective tissue of 12 Wistar rats. The animals were sacrificed at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after implantation. The specimens were prepared for light microscopy observation. It was noted that either after light microscopy observations, both resins demonstrated a good level of biocompatibility within the connective tissue of the dorsum of the animals studied.
Avaliação da distribuição e organização de móveis e equipamentos na área de tratamento dos estabelecimentos de assistência odontológica
Authors: Dias Myrna C. , Orenha Eliel S. , Sundefeld Maria Lucia M. M.
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a distribuição de equipamentos e mobiliários na área de tratamento em estabelecimentos de assistência odontológica presentes no município de Araçatuba-SP. Intencionalmente foram selecionados 30 estabelecimentos pertencentes ao setor privado que foram divididos em 3 grupos (1º, 2º e 3ºgrupo) e 10 pertencentes ao setor público (4ºgrupo). A distribuição dos mobiliários e equipamentos foi analisada por meio de 18 requisitos, sendo atribuído a cada requisito valores que variaram de 0 (insatisfatório), 1 (pouco satisfatório), 2 (satisfatório), 3 (muito satisfatório) e NA (não aplicável). O valor de cada requisito foi inserido no software “Pesquisa de Clínicas” para obtenção da média percentual, na qual foi classificada em: excelente (≥80%); bom (60-79%); regular (40-59%); ruim (20-39%) e péssimo (<20%). Para a análise estatística dos dados obtidos, foi utilizado o teste não paramétrico Kruskall Wallis para a comparação dos grupos. Os dados obtidos mostraram que somente 10% dos estabelecimentos apresentaram uma distribuição dos mobiliários e equipamentos ergonomicamente satisfatória e não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos avaliados. Concluiu-se que o esquema de distribuição de equipamentos e mobiliários é aplicado de maneira incorreta na área de tratamento, independente se o estabelecimento de assistência odontológica pertence ao setor público ou privado.
Bone repair after osteotomy with diamond burs and CVD ultrasonic tips – histological study in rats
Authors: Matuda Fábio S. , Pagani Clovis , Miranda Carolina B. , Crema Aline A. S. , Brentel Aline S. , Carvalho Yasmin R.
Published: December 2021

This study histologically evaluated the behavior of bone tissue of rats submitted to osteotomy with conventional diamond burs in high speed and a new ultrasonic diamond tips system (CVD – Chemical Vapor Deposition), at different study periods. The study was conducted on 24 Wistar rats. Osteotomy was performed on the posterior paws of each rat, with utilization of diamond burs in high speed under thorough water cooling at the right paw, and CVD tips at the left paw. Animals were killed at 0, 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment, followed by removal of connective tissue and bone at the area of osteotomy. Specimens were fixated, demineralized, dehydrated and sectioned for histological analysis by polarized light microscopy (25, 100 and 200x magnification) by two examiners. The results demonstrated that there were no differences in the repair of bone defects between the two different materials employed for osteotomy.
Microinfiltração de materiais restauradores temporários usados durante o clareamento dental interno
Authors: Valera Marcia C. , Camargo Carlos Henrique R. , Teixeira Adriano U. , Camargo Samira E. A.
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a capacidade de diferentes materiais seladores temporários em prevenir a microinfiltração coronária durante o clareamento de dentes tratados endodonticamente. Foram utilizados 70 molares humanos íntegros que receberam abertura coronária padronizada e terapia simulando a técnica de clareamento. Os dentes foram divididos em 8 grupos (6 grupos experimentais e 2 grupos controle); sendo que nos grupos experimentais as cavidades de acesso foram seladas com Cavit (ESPE), Resina Composta TPH (Denstply), Cimento de Ionômero de Vidro (Vidrion R – SSWhite), IRM (Dentsply), Cimpat (Septodont) ou Cavitec (Kerr). O grupo controle negativo não recebeu abertura de acesso e no controle positivo as aberturas de acesso não foram restauradas. Os dentes foram termociclados (5ºC a 55ºC, 300 ciclos) e a microinfiltração foi medida linearmente pela extensão de penetração do corante azul de metileno 2%. As medidas das infiltrações foram avaliadas pelo modelo estatístico de Conover e pelo teste de Tukey (5%). Os resultados mostraram melhor capacidade de selamento oferecida pelo Cimento de Ionômero de Vidro, Resina Composta e Cimpat, sem diferenças estatisticamente significantes (p > 0,01). Os maiores valores de infiltração foram verificadas com o IRM. Conclui-se que o cimento ionômero de vidro, a resina composta e o Cimpat são capazes de minimizar a microinfiltração e portanto podem ser utilizados como seladores temporários durante o clareamento.
Avaliação da superfície de materiais resinosos expostos ao óxido de alumínio
Authors: Santos-Pinto Lourdes dos , Cordeiro Rita de Cássia L. , Lima Luciana M. , Marker Victoria A.
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da deposição de óxido de alumínio sobre restaurações resinosas adjacentes a área tratada pelo sistema de abrasão a ar. Foram utilizados 10 terceiros molares devidamente seccionados e incluídos em cera utilidade deixando exposta a face vestibular. Em cada espécime confeccionou-se com a caneta de alta rotação, 4 preparos cavitários de aproximadamente 2mm de diâmetro, eqüidistantes de uma linha central demarcada na cera. As 40 cavidades foram restauradas aleatoriamente com resina composta (Silux-3M) e selante resinoso (Fluoroshield- Dentsply). Em seguida, réplicas de cada espécime foram obtidas pela moldagem com silicone (Imprint II-3M) e modelo em resina epóxi (Stycast 1266- Emerson & Cummings). Na seqüência, foram feitas 2 aplicações de 15s do jato abrasivo na parte central dos espécimes, utilizando-se o aparelho PrepStar® regulado a 80 psi, com ponta ativa de 45º e 0,48mm de diâmetro interno posicionada a 5mm da superfície. Ao final de cada aplicação, as superfícies foram lavadas, secas e moldadas novamente. Todas as réplicas foram avaliadas em MEV por 2 examinadores calibrados que fizeram uma avaliação cega quanto ao tipo de restauração. Os dados tabulados em escores foram analisados estatisticamente por análise de variância de Friedman. Os resultados evidenciaram que não houve diferença estatística significativa entre as superfícies das restaurações analisadas antes e após a utilização do jato abrasivo (p>0,05). Uma vez que o jato de óxido de alumínio não foi aplicado diretamente sobre as restaurações, provavelmente a baixa energia cinética das partículas periféricas não foi capaz de produzir alterações em suas superfícies.
CO2 laser for dental alumina ceramic framework welding
Authors: Sgura Ricardo , DeVito Moraes André Guaraci , Reis Stephane Silva , Ferrari Adriana Rios Mafra , Andreeta Marcello Rubens Barsi , Medeiros Igor Studart
Published: December 2021

Objective: Despite the increase of all-ceramic prosthesis in dental practice there is no evidence of the possibility of welding these structures if necessary. The objective of this study was to use CO2 laser (?=10.6µm) as a welding agent to fuse dental polycrystalline alumina ceramic. Methods: Ceramic blocks of pre-sintered alumina were sectioned into 20 bars (10.0 x 1.5 x 1.5mm) and sintered to the final cross?section dimension of 1.2 x 1.2mm. The bars were adapted to an LHPG (Laser Heated Pedestal Growth) system device where the bars could be fixed in pairs and have their ends irradiated with CO2 laser to fusion. The ring-shaped laser beam (300 µm thickness) was directed with the aid of mirrors to reach samples’ ends. The laser was continuously applied (40W nominal power, 5 seconds). After welding, the samples were analyzed in stereomicroscope and SEM. A diffraction analysis was carried out with one sample. Results: The ceramic bars were successfully fused, but some of them showed some shape distortion in the fusion zone. The aspect of the fused alumina differed in color and translucency from the original sintered material. SEM evidenced the presence of porosity and voids in the center of the fusion zone. X-ray diffraction pointed to a reduction in crystallite size by two to four times in the welded region of samples. Conclusions: This study points to CO2 laser as a possible welding agent to polycrystalline alumina dental ceramic. Porosity observed in the molten zone gives cause for concern regarding weld resistance.
Jacques-Louis Reverdin - pioneer of transplantology, a surgeon who opened the veil of functional importance of the thyroid gland
Authors: Komissarova A. A.
Published: December 2021

Jacques-Louis Reverdin is a famous Swiss surgeon, scientist, and entomologist of the nineteenth century. He made a considerable contribution to the development of transplantology — he was one of the first to publish work on allotransplantation, performing the so — called “skin grafting”, urology — he defended his thesis on urethrotomy, endocrinology- he performed surgical operations for the treatment of goiter, observed and described the symptoms of iatrogenic hypothyroidism, introduced the concept of postoperative myxedema. For thirty-four years, he led an active surgical practice, thanks to which he described a large number of operations (the most famous are operations on the thyroid gland), introduced a surgical suture and needle, which are still used today. During the Franco-Prussian war, he commanded a Swiss ambulance. He was a proponent of Lister’s method of asepsis and antiseptics, and introduced it in hospitals in Geneva. He was engaged in teaching and research, and was nominated for the Nobel prize three times. He received the Amuss prize of the Academy of Medicine, the prize of the Paris Academy of medicine for his work on urethrotomy, founded the Revue Medicale de la Suisse Romande, and was a co-founder and later President of the Association of physicians of Geneva. Honorary member of the entomological societies of Switzerland, France, England and Brazil.
Thyrotoxicosis treatment with lithium corbanate. Cases reported
Authors: Matsueva I. A. , Dalmatova A. B. , Andreychenko T. V. , Grineva E. N.
Published: December 2021

Treatment of thyrotoxicosis caused by Graves’ disease or multinodular toxic goiter, is not difficult, in most cases, since the prescription of thionamides allows to normalize the level of thyroid hormones quickly and safety. But in a number of cases this therapy might be associated with serious side effects (agranulocytosis, toxic hepatitis, cholestasis), severe allergic reactions and also individual intolerance on thionamides. In such cases lithium carbonate is used, especially in severe thyrotoxic syndrome. It is known, that lithium can accumulate in the thyroid gland at a concentration 3–4 times higher than in the plasma. Perhaps, lithium uses Na+/I- ions. It can inhibit the synthesis and secretion thyroid hormones of thyroid gland. The article presents the cases reported the use of lithium carbonate in thyrotoxicosis treatment before thyroidectomy. Administering low doses of carbonate lithium (900 mg/ per day) renders significant decrease or normalization of thyroid hormones concentration within 7–14 days, thus it let perform thyroidectomy on the patients. No side effects have been identified with such a short course of lithium carbonate treatment.
Differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia in a patient with CKD G5D
Authors: Eremkina A. K. , Gorbacheva A. M. , Lisina D. V. , Povaliaeva A. A. , Pigarova E. A. , Mokrysheva N. G.
Published: December 2021

Patients with chronic kidney disease are characterized by the development of mineral disorders due to a decrease in the number of functioning nephrons. These changes manifest by the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism (the overproduction of intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) associated with the serum hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia), dysfunctional vitamin D metabolism, bone mineralization and also extraosseous calcifications. Decreased serum PTH levels associated with hypercalcemia are suspicious for adynamic bone disease, but at the same time requires an extended differential diagnostic search (e.g. metastatic processes). One of the rare causes of hypercalcemia is a defect in 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1). We present a case of a patient on hemodialysis with atypical secondary hyperparathyroidism and an established CYP24A1 defect.
Technical feasibility and efficacy of a standard needle magnetization system for ultrasound needle guidance in thyroid nodule-targeting punctures: a phantom study
Authors: Lee Haein , Cho Yoon Joo , Ha Eun Ju , Moon Jayoung , Kim You Na , Kim Minji , Lee Kyung-Min , An Sung Hyun
Published: December 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and efficacy of an ultrasound needle guidance system (NGS) based on standard needle magnetization in a phantom study of thyroid nodule (TN)-targeting punctures.Methods: Six trainees and a staff radiologist performed TN-targeting punctures with or without the NGS in phantom models (group 1, experience <50 cases; group 2, experience ≥50 cases and <100 cases; group 3, experience ≥100 cases of TN-targeting punctures). The feasibility, technical success rate, number of punctures, and procedure time were recorded.Results: The feasibility of NGS was 98.6% (138/140). In group 1, the technical success rate increased from 60.0%±8.2% to 80.0%±8.2% when the NGS was used (P=0.046), with a reduction in the number of punctures from 2.2 to 1.2 (P=0.005). In group 2, the rate changed from 95.0%±5.8% to 100.0%±0.0% with the NGS (P=0.157), with a minimal decrease in the number of punctures from 1.1 to 1.0 (P=0.157). The procedure time significantly decreased in both groups (P=0.041 and P=0.010, respectively) when the NGS was used. In group 3, there were no significant differences in the technical success rate and the number of punctures according to whether the NGS was used (P=0.317 and P=0.317, respectively).Conclusion: NGS using standard needle magnetization is technically feasible and has potential to improve the efficacy of TN-targeting punctures for less-experienced operators, especially beginners, according to the findings of this phantom study.
Assessing the quality of TTS audio in the LARA learning-by-reading
platform
Authors: Akhlaghi Elham , Bączkowska Anna , Berthelsen Harald , Bédi Branislav , Chua Cathy , Cucchiarini Catia , Habibi Hanieh , Horváthová Ivana , Hvalsøe Pernille , Lotz Roy , Maizonniaux Christèle , Ní Chiaráin Neasa , Rayner Manny , Tsourakis Nikos , Yao Chunlin
Published: December 2021

A popular idea in Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) is to use
multimodal annotated texts, with annotations typically including embedded
audio and translations, to support L2 learning through reading. An important
question is how to create the audio, which can be done either through human
recording or by a Text-To-Speech (TTS) synthesis engine. We may reasonably
expect TTS to be quicker and easier, but humans to be of higher quality.
Here, we report a study using the open-source LARA platform and ten
languages. Samples of LARA audio totaling about three and a half minutes
were provided for each language in both human and TTS form; subjects used a
web form to compare different versions of the same item and rate the voices
as a whole. Although human voice was more often preferred, TTS achieved
higher ratings in some languages and was close in others.
Participation, inclusion, and success in emergency remote online teaching
and learning
Authors: Healy Sandra
Published: December 2021

Covid-19 affected educational institutions worldwide, and many moved
online engaging in Emergency Remote Teaching and Learning (ERTL). It had a
particular impact in Japan due to the low levels of computer usage in
Japanese educational institutions and a reliance on traditional methods.
This study uses semi-structured interviews with five participants to explore
their perceptions of the move to online learning in a Japanese university
context. Four factors emerged as significant: participants’ experiences
prior to entering university; the importance of Social Networking Systems
(SNS) in the process of becoming part of the university academic community;
changes in spoken interactional patterns; and changes in learning patterns.
It was found that the disruption due to ERTL led to fresh ways to learn and
promoted an inclusive environment.
OFLEBO, an online teacher-training programme for teachers of French in
Botswana as an example of professionalisation
Authors: Kaome Boingotlo Winnie , Foucher Anne-Laure
Published: December 2021

Technology has influenced not only our everyday lives, but our education
systems and the opportunities for teacher development. The introduction of
information and communications technology has presented new training
platforms to respond to the needs of the workforce. While traditional
institutions have greatly impacted teachers, there are now other viable
outlets through which many of the required 21st century skills, such as
professionalism, can be satisfied. Our project OFLEBO is one such example,
an online training tool targeting the teaching of oral skills for in-service
teachers of the French language in Botswana. This area was chosen because of
the teachers’ admission on finding teaching oral skills a challenging task.
This paper therefore aims to study the professionalisation of teachers
through the OFLEBO project. Professionalisation as a process is continuous,
and practice is its focus, therefore the aim is to inspire the evolution of
classroom practices concerning the teaching of oral skills.
Promoting informal learning by integrating smartphones into the language
classroom
Authors: Mullen Martin
Published: December 2021

Although smartphones have become normalised in people’s everyday
behaviours, they remain under-exploited from a language learning
perspective. This paper describes a study in an Irish university which
explored the nature and extent of language learners’ existing use of
smartphones for informal learning purposes through a survey, a case study,
and a group interview. The results showed that firstly, smartphones played
only a limited and tangential role in their language learning, and secondly,
that learners had narrow perceptions of what ‘actual, proper study’ entails,
demonstrated by their overwhelming preference for more traditional language
learning resources and practices. The paper finishes by making suggestions
regarding how smartphones can be integrated into the language classroom, at
both third and second level, to help broaden learner perceptions of what
language study is, and consequently, allow smartphones to play a more
significant role in their learning practices.
Addressing the impact of informal language learning practices in digital
wilds on the development of L2 digital literacies
Authors: Zadorozhnyy Artem , Yu Baohua
Published: December 2021

An extensive number of studies acknowledge the transformed nature of
literacies by building on the complexity of multimodal semiotic repertoires
and available digital resources (Reinhardt & Thorne, 2019; Toffoli,
2020). The exposure to such resources and tools makes digital literacies
dynamic as environments provide students with opportunities to apply their
skills in praxis through trial and failure. Among the existing conceptual
constructs that might help discuss the complex nature of online digital
informal learning practices and their connection to L2 digital literacies,
the framework of dynamic systems theory (Larsen–Freeman, 2019) is
implemented. Qualitative methodology was employed to explain whether
informal language learning practices are conducive to constructing L2
digital literacies among pre-service language teachers. Relevant pedagogical
implications are discussed.
Understanding Riverine Urbanism in Kalimantan through Diachronic Approach: Case Study of Lanting Settlements in Sintang, Indonesia
Authors: Lubis Mira Sophia , Susanto Dalhar , Harjoko Triatno Yudo
Published: December 2021

Famous for its large rivers, Kalimantan is one of the islands in Indonesia that is characterized by a river-cultured society, where lanting or floating dwelling is one of various types of river settlements that represents a unique but also complex relationship between man and river. Despite their existence being in line with the historical development of river cities in Kalimantan, today’s urban lantings have come to be stigmatized as slums, due to society’s biased perspectives, and the dominance of the planning paradigm that is oriented towards “modern” land-based urban planning. Using the qualitative historical analysis method in the case study of lanting dwellings in Sintang, West Kalimantan, this study interprets the analytical dimensions of the complex relations between space, power and resources, which changes over time. Exploring the political-economic and ecological history shows the long journey of lanting’s existence that gave understanding of today’s lanting conditions, as well as understanding about the development of the cities themselves. This study concludes that the concept of river cities or waterfront cities in Kalimantan should be understood in a broader sense, beyond merely aesthetic and environmental considerations. Riverine settlement has deep historical roots in many Kalimantan cities and also represents complex relationships between city-hinterland and river-related urbanization process under the political-economic and ecological changes. Thus, consideration of the diachronic aspects of city-river relations should be an important basis for planning future Kalimantan cities.
Architecture of Small Type Train Station in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Riza Masyiana Arifah Alfia , Darmawan Edy , Ikaputra Ikaputra , Wihardyanto Dimas
Published: December 2021

The reason for the construction of the Ngabean (Yogyakarta)-Palbapang (Bantul)-Sewugalur (Kulon Progo) railway line with a length of 28 km was to accommodate 4 sugar factories along the line. In order to shorten the rail transport line on the Yogyakarta-Sewugalur railway line, 12 small stations were made. But unfortunately, in 1942 this line was closed causing some of these stations to be closed and disappeared. Among the available stations are Winongo Station, Bantul Station, and Palbapang Station. This study aims to look at the characteristics of 18th century Dutch Indonesian architecture in the station building. Knowing the architectural character of the station building can play as a reference for maintaining the conservation of historical buildings in Indonesia. This study employed a rationalistic-qualitative approach. To identify the architectural character of the station building, this study was conducted by looking at the spatial system, architectural system, and structural building system. From the results of the study, it was found that Winongo Station, Bantul Station, and Palbapang Station have a distinctive character both from the spatial system, architectural system, and structural system.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CORK FISH (Channa Striatus) AND EGG WHITE SNACK TO IMPROVE BLOOD ALBUMIN LEVEL AND BODY WEIGHT IN TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS
Authors: Fadhilah Tri Marta , Sari Elfira Maya
Published: December 2021

Background: The tuberculosis morbidity rate in Bekasi area based on data from the Republic of Indonesia Ministry of Health has reached 101 people per 100,000 population in 2012. Indonesia’s Ministry of Health showed that tuberculosis patients have less economic status poor nutritional status. Patients with tuberculosis need foods that contain lots of protein and albumin such as cork fish and chicken egg white without yolk to speed up the repair of cells and tissues damaged by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis bacteria. Objective: The study was conducted to determine the increase in blood albumin levels and body weight in patients with tuberculosis by giving cork fish and egg white snacks. Methods: Analysis of the data used was a paired t-test for increases in blood albumin levels and bodyweight of the treatment group before and after giving snacks and an unpaired t-test for increases in blood albumin levels and bodyweight of tuberculosis patients between the treatment and the control group. Results: The study showed the most characteristics of tuberculosis patients ismale, age range 26-30 years, elementary-junior high school education level, labor work, income <Rp. 1,500,000,00, and the number of dependents of families consist of 4-6 people. Data analysis of blood albumin levels in the control group was significantly different from the treatment group before and after with a value of P = 0.002 which means that there was an increase in blood albumin levels and in the results of weight gain the control group was significantly different from the treatment groups before and after with a value of P = 0.004 means there is a significant increase in body weight for 15 days after being given  snack. Conclusion: There was an increase in blood albumin levels and body weight in patients with tuberculosis after treatment for 15 days.
HUBUNGAN ASUPAN ZAT GIZI MIKRO, DURASI TIDUR, INDEKS MASSA TUBUH DAN STATUS IMUN PEGAWAI BALITBANG HUKUM DAN HAM
Authors: Ramadhia Anggrita Salsabila , Harna Harna , Sa'pang Mertien , Nadiyah Nadiyah
Published: December 2021

Background: Adequate micronutrients intake is essential to ensure the immune function. Certain populations may have insufficient intake of micronutrients, and in situations that increase the demand for example infections, stress, and pollution that decrease the body's stores of micronutrients, putting them at risk of deficiency and may impair immunity. Several researchs related to micronutrient intake, nutritional status, sleep duration are still contradictory results in showing the relationship with immunity.Objectives: To determine the relationship between micronutrient intake, sleep duration, body mass index and the immune status of Balitbang Hukum dan HAM employees.Methods: This type of research is an observational study with a cross sectional approach. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling technique. The samples taken were 47 people.Results: Median intake of micronutrient vitamin A 1024.5 mcg, vitamin C 208.3 mg, vitamin D 1.4 mcg, vitamin E 3.5 mg, iron 5.1 mg, zinc 4.2 mg. Meanwhile, the median sleep duration was 6 hours and the median body mass index was 22.2 kg / m2. The intake of micronutrients with immune status has a p value> 0.05. Sleep duration with immune status has a p value <0.05 with a negative relationship direction. Body mass index with immune status has a p value> 0.05.Conclusion: There is no relationship between micronutrient intake and body mass index with immune status, meanwhile there is a relationship between sleep duration and immune status of Balitbang Hukum dan HAM employees.Keywords : Micronutrient intake; Sleep duration; Body mass index; Immune status
HUBUNGAN CAKUPAN IMUNISASI DASAR DAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DENGAN STATUS GIZI BALITA DI INDONESIA (ANALISIS DATA RISKESDAS 2018)
Authors: Sari Ami Monika , Simbolon Demsa , Wahyu Tetes
Published: December 2021

Background: The direct causes of nutritional status problems are infectious diseases and inadequate intake. The prevalence of infectious diseases can be caused by children not getting complete basic immunization and not getting exclusive breastfeeding. Objective: The study aims to determine the relationship between complete basic immunization and exclusive breastfeeding with the nutritional status of underfive children in Indonesia. Methods: This study uses secondary data from Primary health research of Indonesia (Riskesdas 2018). It is an analytical study using a cross sectional study design. The sample in this study is toddlers spread across 34 provinces of Indonesia. The sampling technique in this study is the total population. The independent variables were complete basic immunization coverage and exclusive breastfeeding coverage. The dependent variable is the prevalence of nutritional status based on the index of Weight by age, body length according to age and body weight by length.Results: The results of the analysis found that the complete basic immunization coverage for underfive children in Indonesia was 56.18%, exclusive breastfeeding coverage was 39.59%, and the prevalence of underweight and severely underweight children under five (WHZ) was 16.67%, the prevalence of short and very short toddlers short (WHZ 29.68% and the prevalence of malnutrition and very poor (HAZ)  12.44%. using correlation test and linear regression with a significance degree of p≤0.05. Complete basic immunization coverage was associated with the prevalence of very underweight and underweight (p=0.005), short and very short (p=0.043), very undernourished and undernourished (p=0.000). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between complete basic immunization and the nutritional status of children under five in Indonesia. There is no significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the nutritional status of children under five in Indonesia.Key words: Complete basic Immunization; Exclusive breastfeeding;  Nutritional status; Underfive years old
Metody opracowywania historycznych materiałów gwarowych na przykładzie ankiet Georga Wenkera
Authors: Rembiszewska Dorota Krystyna
Published: December 2021

W artykule przedstawiono ogólną charakterystykę ankiet Georga Wenkera do Niemieckiego atlasu językowego zapisanych w językach słowiańskich (ankiety czeskie, łużyckie, kaszubskie, polskie) i metody ich opracowywania. Szczegółowiej omówiono materiały z Mazur wschodnich (m.in. cechy fonetyczne, leksykę). W tekście wskazano na znaczenie ankiet w odtwarzaniu dawnego systemu gwarowego oraz badaniu zmian językowych, szczególnie na obszarach pogranicznych. Zwrócono również uwagę na wykorzystanie ankiet jako źródła informacji o dawnych zwyczajach, strojach ludowych, praktykach religijnych.
Archaiczność polszczyzny południowokresowej. Zagadnienia teoretyczno-metodologiczne
Authors: Sicińska Katarzyna
Published: December 2021

W artykule został omówiony problem archaiczności polszczyzny południowokresowej. Przedstawiono podstawy teoretyczne zagadnienia archaiczności odmian terytorialnych języka (teoria falowa J. Schmidta, poglądy neolingwisty włoskiego M. G. Bartoliego). Zreferowano wyniki badań autorów polskich na temat archaizmów i innowacji w kontekście centrum i peryferii językowych: T. Milewskiego, Z. Stiebera, H. Popowskiej-Taborskiej. Na tym tle przedstawiono cechy archaiczne polszczyzny południowokresowej w odniesieniu do XVII–XVIII wieku. Zwrócono uwagę na problemy metodologiczne oraz interpretacyjne dotyczące funkcjonowania archaizmów w tej odmianie języka (konieczność zastosowania metod językoznawstwa konfrontatywnego oraz historyczno-porównawczego, trudność w odróżnieniu archaizmu od zapożyczenia).
Reducing the manual length setting error of a passive Gough-Stewart platform for surgical template fabrication using a digital measurement system
Authors: Kilian Julia , Blum Tobias , Laves Max-Heinrich , Ortmaier Tobias , Lenarz Thomas , Rau Thomas S.
Published: December 2021

As recently demonstrated, a passive Gough-Stewart platform (a.k.a. hexapod) can be used to create a personalized surgical template to achieve minimally invasive access to the cochlea. The legs of the hexapod are manually adjusted to the desired length, which must be read off an analog scale. Previous experiments have shown that manual length setting of the hexapod’s legs is error-prone because of the imprecise readability of the analog scale. The objective of this study is to determine if integration of a linear encoder and digitally displaying the measured length help reduce the length setting error. Two experiments were conducted where users set the leg length manually. In both experiments, the users were asked to set the leg length to 20 nominal values using the whole setting range from 0 mm to 10 mm. In the first experiment, users had to rely only on the analog scale; in the second experiment, the electronic display additionally showed the user the actual leg length. Results show that the mean length setting error without using the digital display and only relying on the analog scale was (0.036 ± 0.020) mm (max: 0.107 mm) in contrast to (0.001 ± 0.000) mm (max: 0.002 mm) for the experiment with the integrated digital measurement system. The results support integration of digital length measurement systems as a promising tool to increase the accuracy of surgical template fabrication and thereby patients’ safety. Future studies must be conducted to evaluate if integration of a linear encoder in each of the six legs is feasible.