bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on antibacterial properties of heated oyster shell particle against Bacillus subtilis spores in rainwater by response surface methodology based on central composite design
Authors: Tran Quynh Thi Phuong , Ananthakrishnan Balamurugan , Tung Hsin-hsin
Published: February 2023

Taiwan's oyster industry produces shell waste in abundant quantities every year. This study explored the feasibility of applying this resource as a simple and low-cost disinfectant to improve the microbial quality of harvested rainwater. Critical parameters affecting the disinfection efficacy of calcined oyster shell particles, i.e., heating temperature and duration, dosage, and contact time of the calcined shell material against Bacillus subtilis endospores in rainwater, were investigated. A central composite design of response surface methodology was employed to study the relative effects. As estimated from R2 coefficients, a quadratic model was identified to predict the response variable satisfactorily. Results indicated that the heating temperature, dosage, and contact time of the calcined material in the rainwater significantly influenced (p < 0.05) the sporicidal effect, consistent with the prior literature on calcined shells of similar nature. However, heating time had a relatively low influence on the sporicidal impact, suggesting that the rate of shell activation, i.e., conversion of the carbonate compound in the shell material to oxide, occurs rapidly at high calcination temperatures. In addition, the sterilization kinetics for heated oyster shell particles in aqueous media under stagnant storage conditions were investigated and found to be in good agreement with Hom's model.
A dynamic allocation mechanism for formulating the allocation schemes of water resources
Authors: Hou Jie , Wang Ni , Luo Jungang , Zuo Ganggang , Yang Liu , Xie Jiancang
Published: February 2023

Scientific and effective water allocation schemes are crucial for managing water resources. Traditional allocation schemes are built on an annual basis and fixed. However, because of the drastic spatio-temporal fluctuations in the availability and demand of water resources, fixed annual allocation schemes are impracticable. This work proposed a dynamic allocation mechanism that can divide annual allocation schemes into monthly scales and dynamically correct allocation schemes to make them adapt to the above fluctuations. First, a total quantity allocation model, which focuses on fairness and efficiency, was developed to allocate annual water resources. Secondly, a combination weighting model for a monthly water allocation was built using game theory to make the allocation schemes stricter and more executable. Thirdly, a dynamic allocation mechanism was constructed to dynamically correct the allocation schemes. The results indicate that (1) coupling a total quantity allocation scheme with monthly allocation schemes is more in line with management requirements and (2) compared with static allocation schemes, rolling correction schemes can reduce the deviation between planned and actual water consumption by 10–20%. A dynamic allocation mechanism can make water resource allocation schemes more resilient to spatiotemporal changes in supply and demand of water resources.
Effective dose (ingestion and inhalation) due to radon from tap water samples in children at primary schools in Najaf city, Iraq
Authors: Jabar Dosh Rukia , Hasan Ali K. , Abojassim Ali Abid
Published: February 2023

This study focuses on the evolution of radon concentrations in tap water samples of primary schools in Najaf city using a RAD-7 detector. Annual effective doses in children were calculated. A Geographic Information System technique was used for the mapping of radon concentrations, annual effective dose (AED) for ingestion, and inhalation. It was found that the average value of AED due to radon ingestion was 0.236 ± 0.020 μSv/year, while that due to radon ingestion was 0.015 ± 0.0001 nSv/year. Moreover, the range in value of the total AED in μSv/year was 0.015–1.171, with an average value of 0.236 ± 0.020. Radon concentrations in most samples of water comply with the world-wide limits that are approved by WHO and ICRP which state that safe limits (0.5 and 0.4 Bq/L), respectively. Furthermore, all results of the total AED due to radon ingestion and inhalation assessment from radon concentrations in tap water samples collected from the primary schools in Najaf city when used as drinking water were within the global limitations of the WHO. One may conclude that from the results of the AED in children (7–12 years), there is no danger of radon concentrations in the case of human consumption.
FEMALE IN THE HEALTHCARE: EXPLORING FEMALE NURSES MOTIVATION IN JAVANESE HOSPITALS, INDONESIA
Authors: Ratri Devita Rahmani
Published: February 2023

Javanese regions in Indonesia have been known to suffer from nurse shortages and low nurse motivation. These situations may hinder their performance. Gender and cultural aspects are essential to developing motivational strategies, but they are rarely considered in Indonesia. This study intended to explore the current situation in Javanese hospitals that affect the work motivation of female nurses. This study was a literature review. The keywords used for the search were “motivation,” “need* OR motive* OR goal* OR incentive* OR value*,” “work OR job OR career,” “policy OR regulation*,” “female OR women OR woman,” “nurse*,” “hospital*,” “government”, “Javanese OR Indonesia”, “low middle income country* OR developing country*” and “performance .”Data were obtained from electronic databases and grey literature. We used a conceptual framework to analyze 65 relevant articles. We found that female nurses in Javanese hospitals were seeking monetary means, supports to balance work-family, and means to boost their self-esteem and self-actualization. Government and hospital managers had been providing motivational incentives, yet the use of the incentives was still limited and inadequate. Hospital managers may provide a combination of financial and non-financial incentives to improve female nurses’ motivation, emphasizing non-financial incentives rather than financial incentives. More research is helpful in exploring what motivates Javanese female nurses.
3-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of Nailed Slab System Settlement Behavior on Soft Soil
Authors: Abdurrahman Ekie Aulia , Hardiyatmo Hary Christady , Rifa'i Ahmad
Published: February 2023

The design of the YIA airport rail line is on soft soil with a depth of 12-16 m. The design of the rail line uses a 4 m high embankment. Reinforcement is carried out by the method of a nailed slab system. The nailed slab system consists of a monolithically connected slab and pile. This method is believed to be able to reduce the settlement that occurs in the foundation soil effectively. This study aims to determine the effect of using a nailed slab system that varies in length, distance, and arrangement. The data used are boring and laboratory tests. Effect of variations in length (8 m; 10 m; 12 m and 14 m), distance (0.8 m; 1.2 m; 1.6 m; and 2 m), and pile arrangement (uniform; V and W) on soil settlement foundation is done with the RS3 program. The results showed that each additional 2 m of pile length could reduce the total settlement by 48.63%-82.31% of the unreinforced foundation soil. The decrease in permits was fulfilled at the length of the piles of 12 m and 14 m. Pile spacing of 0.8 m, 1.2 m, 1.6 m, and 2 m reduced the total settlement by 69.47%, 68.78%, 67.22%, and 60.90%, respectively. On piles with a length of 12 m, distances of 0.8 m and 1.2 m fulfilled the allowable reduction. The use of the V arrangement gave the greatest reduction of 71.77% while the uniform arrangement was 68.78% and the W arrangement was 68.56%. The use of a nailed slab system as foundation soil reinforcement due to embankment load can reduce settlement effectively.
Preparedness of Tsunami Disaster in Pandeglang Region Due to The Activity of Mount Krakatau
Authors: Ningtyas Nadya Nur , Satyarno Iman , Triatmadja Radianta
Published: February 2023

Pandeglang Regency is one of the areas with the most building damage in The 2018 Anak Krakatau Tsunami. The tsunami in 2018 was caused by the activity of Anak Krakatau Volcano in the form of an avalanche of material on the volcano's cliffs. The subdistricts in Pandeglang Regency affected by the tsunami were Carita Subdistrict, Labuan Subdistrict, and Panimbang Subdistrict. This research evaluates potential damage to buildings to determine the condition of the existing land, determines an evacuation route to a temporary evacuation site (TES), and simulates a tsunami evacuation using this evacuation route. Parameters of run-up height and building type are used as parameters for assessing building damage. The determination of TES is influenced by run-up height, elevation, and distance from the shoreline. Evacuation route planning and evacuation simulation are based on the assumed number of evacuees and the scenario of a tsunami evacuation. The results showed moderate damage to buildings in Carita Subdistrict, Labuan Subdistrict, and Panimbang Subdistrict. The examination of existing land as TES, namely Carita Vacant Land, Carita 1 Middle School, LDII Labuan Mosque, Labuan Shelter Building, Panimbang Vacant Land. According to the tsunami evacuation scenario during the day, evacuation time results for 25-30 minutes with an average speed of 1 m/s. The tsunami evacuation time at night is free of obstacles or with obstacles for 50-85 minutes with an average speed of 1 m/s. The tsunami evacuation time at night is full of free and obstacle-free tours for 60-100 minutes with an average speed of 0.5 m/s. Evacuation time based on simulation results is compared with evacuation time calculated by ETA and other studies as data validation to determine the probability of community preparedness in the Pandeglang Regency. The preparedness community in Pandeglang Regency is in the ready category by 25% in the Carita subdistrict, Labuan subdistrict, and Panimbang Subdistrict.
Deep Learning With Chest Radiographs for Making Prognoses in Patients With COVID-19: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lee Hyun Woo , Yang Hyun Jun , Kim Hyungjin , Kim Ue-Hwan , Kim Dong Hyun , Yoon Soon Ho , Ham Soo-Youn , Nam Bo Da , Chae Kum Ju , Lee Dabee , Yoo Jin Young , Bak So Hyeon , Kim Jin Young , Kim Jin Hwan , Kim Ki Beom , Jung Jung Im , Lim Jae-Kwang , Lee Jong Eun , Chung Myung Jin , Lee Young Kyung , Kim Young Seon , Lee Sang Min , Kwon Woocheol , Park Chang Min , Kim Yun-Hyeon , Jeong Yeon Joo , Jin Kwang Nam , Goo Jin Mo
Published: February 2023

Background

An artificial intelligence (AI) model using chest radiography (CXR) may provide good performance in making prognoses for COVID-19.

Objective

We aimed to develop and validate a prediction model using CXR based on an AI model and clinical variables to predict clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19.

Methods

This retrospective longitudinal study included patients hospitalized for COVID-19 at multiple COVID-19 medical centers between February 2020 and October 2020. Patients at Boramae Medical Center were randomly classified into training, validation, and internal testing sets (at a ratio of 8:1:1, respectively). An AI model using initial CXR images as input, a logistic regression model using clinical information, and a combined model using the output of the AI model (as CXR score) and clinical information were developed and trained to predict hospital length of stay (LOS) ≤2 weeks, need for oxygen supplementation, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The models were externally validated in the Korean Imaging Cohort of COVID-19 data set for discrimination and calibration.

Results

The AI model using CXR and the logistic regression model using clinical variables were suboptimal to predict hospital LOS ≤2 weeks or the need for oxygen supplementation but performed acceptably in the prediction of ARDS (AI model area under the curve [AUC] 0.782, 95% CI 0.720-0.845; logistic regression model AUC 0.878, 95% CI 0.838-0.919). The combined model performed better in predicting the need for oxygen supplementation (AUC 0.704, 95% CI 0.646-0.762) and ARDS (AUC 0.890, 95% CI 0.853-0.928) compared to the CXR score alone. Both the AI and combined models showed good calibration for predicting ARDS (P=.079 and P=.859).

Conclusions

The combined prediction model, comprising the CXR score and clinical information, was externally validated as having acceptable performance in predicting severe illness and excellent performance in predicting ARDS in patients with COVID-19.
The Need to Prioritize Model-Updating Processes in Clinical Artificial Intelligence (AI) Models: Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Otokiti Ahmed Umar , Ozoude Makuochukwu Maryann , Williams Karmen S , Sadiq-onilenla Rasheedat A , Ojo Soji Akin , Wasarme Leyla B , Walsh Samantha , Edomwande Maxwell
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

With an increase in the number of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms available for clinical settings, appropriate model updating and implementation of updates are imperative to ensure applicability, reproducibility, and patient safety.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this scoping review was to evaluate and assess the model-updating practices of AI and ML clinical models that are used in direct patient-provider clinical decision-making.

METHODS

We used the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) checklist and the PRISMA-P protocol guidance in addition to a modified CHARMS (Checklist for Critical Appraisal and Data Extraction for Systematic Reviews of Prediction Modelling Studies) checklist to conduct this scoping review. A comprehensive medical literature search of databases, including Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science, was conducted to identify AI and ML algorithms that would impact clinical decision-making at the level of direct patient care. Our primary end point is the rate at which model updating is recommended by published algorithms; we will also conduct an assessment of study quality and risk of bias in all publications reviewed. In addition, we will evaluate the rate at which published algorithms include ethnic and gender demographic distribution information in their training data as a secondary end point.

RESULTS

Our initial literature search yielded approximately 13,693 articles, with approximately 7810 articles to consider for full reviews among our team of 7 reviewers. We plan to complete the review process and disseminate the results by spring of 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

Although AI and ML applications in health care have the potential to improve patient care by reducing errors between measurement and model output, currently there exists more hype than hope because of the lack of proper external validation of these models. We expect to find that the AI and ML model-updating methods are proxies for model applicability and generalizability on implementation. Our findings will add to the field by determining the degree to which published models meet the criteria for clinical validity, real-life implementation, and best practices to optimize model development, and in so doing, reduce the overpromise and underachievement of the contemporary model development process.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/37685
Thought Leader Perspectives on the Benefits, Barriers, and Enablers for Routinely Collected Electronic Health Data to Support Professional Development: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Bucalon Bernard , Whitelock-Wainwright Emma , Williams Chris , Conley Jeanette , Veysey Martin , Kay Judy , Shaw Tim
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

Hospitals routinely collect large amounts of administrative data such as length of stay, 28-day readmissions, and hospital-acquired complications; yet, these data are underused for continuing professional development (CPD). First, these clinical indicators are rarely reviewed outside of existing quality and safety reporting. Second, many medical specialists view their CPD requirements as time-consuming, having minimal impact on practice change and improving patient outcomes. There is an opportunity to build new user interfaces based on these data, designed to support individual and group reflection. Data-informed reflective practice has the potential to generate new insights about performance, bridging the gap between CPD and clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to understand why routinely collected administrative data have not yet become widely used to support reflective practice and lifelong learning.

METHODS

We conducted semistructured interviews (N=19) with thought leaders from a range of backgrounds, including clinicians, surgeons, chief medical officers, information and communications technology professionals, informaticians, researchers, and leaders from related industries. Interviews were thematically analyzed by 2 independent coders.

RESULTS

Respondents identified visibility of outcomes, peer comparison, group reflective discussions, and practice change as potential benefits. The key barriers included legacy technology, distrust with data quality, privacy, data misinterpretation, and team culture. Respondents suggested recruiting local champions for co-design, presenting data for understanding rather than information, coaching by specialty group leaders, and timely reflection linked to CPD as enablers to successful implementation.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, there was consensus among thought leaders, bringing together insights from diverse backgrounds and medical jurisdictions. We found that clinicians are interested in repurposing administrative data for professional development despite concerns with underlying data quality, privacy, legacy technology, and visual presentation. They prefer group reflection led by supportive specialty group leaders, rather than individual reflection. Our findings provide novel insights into the specific benefits, barriers, and benefits of potential reflective practice interfaces based on these data sets. They can inform the design of new models of in-hospital reflection linked to the annual CPD planning-recording-reflection cycle.
Mobile Application to Address Smartphone Addiction Based on the Engagement of Parents and Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Maeda Tendo , Hasegawa Tatsuhito , Yokomitsu Kengo
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

With the increase in the penetration rate of smartphones, smartphone addiction, which heightens the use of smartphones, has become a social problem.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to develop and verify the effectiveness of an application that builds an environment in which children voluntarily tackle smartphone addiction.

METHODS

We developed an application (Smart-Use) that scores and evaluates the use of smartphones in a fully automated manner and conducts evaluation experiments in a real environment. Smart-Use is installed on parent and child's smartphones and initially registered by the parent and child, and it automatically collects usage logs and calculates scores. It prevents parents from directly viewing their children's usage history and has the advantage of guiding smartphone use while maintaining privacy, unlike existing applications for addressing smartphone addiction. The Smart-Use system involves a feature that suggests pocket money bonuses for to the child to parents based on the child's scores. The bonuses serve as motivation for children to improve their smartphone use, and parents can use these bonuses to encourage their children to use Smart-Use, thus enabling operation while maintaining good parent–child engagement. The experiment in this study was a web-based randomized controlled trial (RCT), with participants divided into two groups: a Smart-Use user group (intervention group) and a non-user group (control group) (intervention group: 13 parents, nine children; control group: 21 parents, 14 children). Participants were parents and children who used smartphones for at least one hour per day and were recruited online through a research firm. All outcomes were obtained based on usage logs of their smartphone and a self-assessment questionnaire via the internet. After the experiment, the transition of smartphone use time during the experiment and the results of the Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version in Japanese (SAS-SV-J) were evaluated as primary outcomes.

RESULTS

The results of a t-test of the average usage times of the children in each group showed that the children's p-value of average smartphone usage times in the week before our application use was p = 0.5273 (> 0.05) and in the fourth week after using the application was p = 0.0008 (< 0.05), showing a significant difference and average decrease of more than 50 minutes. However, the application had no effect on the parents’ smartphone use. In addition, there was no significant difference between the pre-experiment and post-experiment SAS-SV-J scores of the parents and children.

CONCLUSIONS

Smart-Use effectively decreased the time that children spent on their smartphones. However, there is room for improvement in further enhancing the effect and determining more precise scores.
Human Digital Twins for Pervasive Mental Healthcare: A Scoping Review and Perspectives (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Uichin , Park Eunji , Park Joonyoung , Lee Duri , Kang Soowon , Lee Takyeon , Hong Hwajung , Lee Sung-Ju , Kim Heepyung , Park Yu Rang
Published: February 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Human digital twins replicate humans in virtual worlds with real-time sensing and machine learning, enabling various services such as visualization, simulation, and prediction. The concept of human digital twins has recently been applied in diverse domains such as manufacturing and healthcare. However, there is a lack of systematic reviews and discussions on the key components of human digital twins and their applications in mental healthcare contexts. This article first offers a scoping review of the purposes of human digital twins and their models and thereafter charts how human digital twins with sensing, mapping, and acting capabilities can serve as an enabling technology for a data-driven, patient-centric, systems approach to pervasive mental healthcare. This article used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) for selecting 24 papers from the last 10 years in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar.
Augmented Reality for Improving Skills in Medical Students: A Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Mahmud Mahmud , Sari Dwi Cahyani Ratna , Sari Djayanti , Arfian Nur , Zucha Muhammad Ary
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

Medical education is not only gaining theoretical knowledge, but also achieving clinical experiences as clinical skills. Currently, robust development of technology in the digital era has evolved medical learning modalities, such as simulation tools and open-access medical education. Augmented reality is one potential modality that may improve clinical skills learning effectiveness.

OBJECTIVE

This scoping review aimed to describe the existing research on the use of augmented reality for improving skills in medical students.

METHODS

This study conducted searches utilizing electronic databases such as PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science in June 2022, and identified articles involving the use of augmented reality for improving skills in medical students. The Rayyan website was used to filter the articles that had met the keywords to be screened with the inclusion criteria which was the use of augmented reality as a learning method in medical students.

RESULTS

A total of 37 articles met the inclusion criteria. More than 80% of the studies included in this review described that the use of augmented reality (AR) could improve clinical skills of medical students. Articles were classified into two research methods: randomized control trial (RCT) and non-RCT; also, into three topics, AR system, the use of AR in improving various skills, and the use of AR in lumbar facet-related skills.

CONCLUSIONS

Augmented reality could be used in medical education to improve clinical skills. However, due to limited databases, further studies about the use of augmented reality for improving skills in medical students are still needed.
Estereótipos, intertextualidade e argumentação em gêneros digitais: um contributo textual/discursivo para o estudo das interações sociais
Authors: Pinto Rosalice
Published: February 2023

Este artigo, centrado na Linguística Textual (CAVALCANTE et al., 2021) atualmente preconizada no Brasil, objetiva mostrar de que forma a depreensão dos estereótipos (tanto ao nível da produção, quanto da interpretação) pode vir a colaborar para a (re)construção da dimensão argumentativa de gêneros nativos digitais. Para atingir o objetivo pretendido, serão analisados alguns exemplares de gêneros que circularam em contexto brasileiro durante o ano de 2021: uma webnotícia e seis tuítes (dois tuítes resposta e quatro retuítes). Estes estão relacionados a dois tuítes postados pelo Presidente brasileiro Jair Bolsonaro e ao conteúdo da webnotícia. Os textos selecionados versam sobre questões polêmicas, trazidas à tona por atores políticos, tendo sido discutidas na esfera pública. Resultados exploratórios, de cunho qualitativo, demonstram a mais-valia do estudo dos estereótipos para que se possa atingir a eficácia argumentativa almejada. Evidentemente, trata-se de um estudo ainda preliminar, necessitando de uma ampliação do corpus para que se possa atingir resultados mais genéricos.
Interação e descortesia: uma visão pragmática
Authors: Da Silva Luiz Antônio
Published: February 2023

O equilíbrio de uma interação pode depender da maneira como os participantes reagem diante dos conflitos que brotam durante a conversação. A partir do momento em que se inicia a interação, há um jogo de interesses diversos e, até de forma intuitiva, locutor e interlocutor negociam, a fim de conseguirem um determinado equilíbrio. Em geral, é o equilíbrio que marca as interações, ainda que haja ocasiões em que uma das partes, ou ambas, desejam o conflito. Sabe-se que é arriscado afirmar que determinada interação é ou não descortês, pois, dependendo de vários fatores, como contexto, relação de poder e distância social entre os interlocutores e grau de imposição do ato diretivo, uma determinada interação, aparentemente, descortês, pode não ser, propriamente, descortês. Em consonância com Fuentes Rodriguez e Brenes Peña (2013), consideramos que há dois polos, cortesia e descortesia, entre os quais existe um continuum gradual que precisa ser observado. Nosso objetivo é fazer considerações a respeito desses dois polos, embasados em dois modelos: Brown e Levinson (1987) e Culpeper (1996).
Polidez e impolidez em charges políticas
Authors: Soares Maria Elias , Martins Adriana Regina Dantas
Published: February 2023

A polidez pode ser considerada uma estratégia para que as interações entre os atores sociais transcorram de forma harmônica e equilibrada. Os comportamentos impolidos são evidenciados em relação aos atos polidos. Em muitas interações, porém, perceber se um termo é polido ou impolido não depende apenas de fatores linguísticos, mas dos elementos situacionais e dos atores engajados na interação. Nesse sentido, neste artigo, objetivou-se analisar a polidez e a impolidez em duas charges políticas. Para fundamentar a pesquisa, baseamo-nos, especialmente, em Brown e Levinson (1987), Leech (1983) e Culpeper (1996), tomando, como categoria de análise, as estratégias off-record de Brown e Levinson. As análises indicaram que a polidez e a impolidez são notórias nas charges, mesmo sendo as categorias de análise classificadas pelos autores da teoria da polidez como estratégias off-record de polidez. Por conseguinte, os resultados revelaram a importância de aprofundar as reflexões sobre a polidez e a impolidez para perceber que o que é polido ou impolido pode emergir a partir da situação comunicativa, como aconteceu nas charges políticas analisadas.
Caderno de receita de Minas Gerais oitocentista: uma análise de itens lexicais de pesos e medidas
Authors: Mendes Soelis Teixeira do Prado
Published: February 2023

Este artigo utiliza como corpus o caderno de receita de Dona Plautina Nunes Horta, escrito em 1896, na cidade de Mariana (MG), o qual possui um conjunto de 130 receitas culinárias da cozinha mineira. Nosso objetivo é analisar, sob o viés histórico, o uso de uma terminologia lexical de pesos e medidas de diferentes sistemas aqui denominados de “antigo” e “novo”. Com o uso da ferramenta Concordanciador AntConc, fizemos o levantamento de 34 tipos diferentes de pesos e medidas dos ingredientes. Após fazer um estudo sobre a história da implantação dos sistemas de medição, tanto em Portugal quanto no Brasil (LOPES, 2005; ZUIN, 2007), procuramos explicar por que são utilizados diferentes itens lexicais terminológicos para indicar pesos e medidas no corpus sob análise. Como resultado, constatamos que a diversidade de terminologias lexicais retrata um habitus cultural (BOURDIEU, 1977; DURANTI, 2000) de permanecer com o antigo sistema e, ao mesmo tempo, aceitar o novo.
Arcaísmos do português antigo no português do Cariri cearense
Authors: Oliveira Botelho Demartone , Bezerra de Santana Diego
Published: February 2023

Esta pesquisa visou observar as heranças lexicais oriundas do português arcaico no português moderno popular do Cariri cearense. No que diz respeito ao corpus, foi restringido, no português arcaico, ao Cancioneiro da Ajuda e ao Cancioneiro da Vaticana, e, no português do Cariri, às obras de Patativa do Assaré. Quanto ao referencial teórico, fundamentou-se em três eixos: aspectos sócio-históricos da língua portuguesa; conceitos fundamentais da Filologia e da Linguística Histórica, como os de léxico, étimo e arcaísmo; e o rastreio etimológico apresentado por dicionários e manuais etimológicos. Como resultados, obtiveram-se algumas unidades lexicais que corroboraram os objetivos desta pesquisa, sendo um tema frutífero para a Filologia e a Linguística Histórica.
Percursos semântico, etimológico e geolinguístico de um regionalismo: a história da palavra “pagela”
Authors: Módolo Marcelo , Furtado Joaci Pereira , Viaro Mário Eduardo
Published: February 2023

Ao menos no Acre, a palavra “pagela” é, nas escolas, sinônimo de “lista de presença” ou “chamada”. Quando se verifica sua origem latina, entretanto, o vocábulo designa “pequena página”. Este artigo tenta descrever a trajetória que a palavra percorreu até chegar nas escolas do Norte do Brasil com o significado atual e por que o vocábulo não se generalizou no Brasil, permanecendo residualmente com essa acepção, embora apareça em dicionários da língua portuguesa, desde fins do século XVI, significando “prestação” ou “parcela”. Ainda que não de forma cabal, propõe algumas hipóteses etimológicas e históricas para explicar o uso de “pagela” em ambiente escolar, cuja via de ingresso, ao que tudo indica, é a Igreja (tanto como instituição quanto como gestora do sistema escolar brasileiro), com sua intensa atuação missionária e educadora na Amazônia.
Formação de professores em ambiente on-line: o letramento crítico nas aulas de língua portuguesa
Authors: Macedo Gustavo Santos de , Pinho Albina Pereira de
Published: February 2023

Este trabalho analisa como acontecem as práticas de escuta/fala e leitura/escrita na óptica de docentes de Língua Portuguesa, mediante ações de formação de professores da Educação Básica em contexto de pandemia, sob a perspectiva do Letramento Crítico. A pesquisa filia-se aos estudos qualitativos em Linguística Aplicada, no que se refere a pesquisa-formação, sob o prisma da análise interpretativista. Com base nos pressupostos teóricos de Monte Mór (2013), Street (2014), Sardinha (2018) e Alencar (2021), o corpus de análise agrega os dados produzidos por meio de observação participante e pelos excertos de materiais produzidos pelos professores-pesquisadores do projeto de pesquisa intitulado “Formação Crítica de Professores de Linguagem em Ambientes On-line”. Reconhece-se, nesse sentido, a necessidade, cada vez mais latente, de uma prática, em sala de aula, contextualizada aos princípios epistemológicos da formação crítica dos sujeitos para atuação e transformação social.
Letramentos em ambiente digital à luz do Conectivismo: uma proposta didática
Authors: Backes Nunes Mariana , Da Silva Alencar de Souza Manuela , Da Silva Campelo Costa Barcellos Patrícia
Published: February 2023

Considerando a necessidade de criar possibilidades de se continuar as atividades pedagógicas no período pandêmico, foi instaurado o Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE), empregando as diferentes tecnologias digitais presentes hoje em nossa sociedade. A motivação deste estudo, portanto, é propor e analisar uma unidade didática, à luz de teorias que procuram explicar a aprendizagem em um contexto digital, no caso, os Letramentos da era digital (ROBIN, 2008) e o Conectivismo (DOWNES,2012), pensando em um contexto de ERE na disciplina de Língua Portuguesa. Tem-se, assim, como pergunta de pesquisa: como é possível produzir uma proposta didática para a aula de Língua Portuguesa pautada nos Letramentos da era digital e no Conectivismo? A metodologia aplicada neste trabalho é de abordagem qualitativa interpretativista, com foco na análise de uma unidade didática a partir de critérios do Conectivismo (autonomia, diversidade, abertura e interatividade) e dos Letramentos da era digital (letramento digital, letramento global, letramento em tecnologia, letramento visual e letramento de informação). Logo, este artigo demonstra a importância de se analisar as práticas letradas realizadas durante o ERE de maneira a entender como as tecnologias digitais foram empregadas durante esse período considerando que a aprendizagem hoje também ocorre nessas tecnologias.
Argumentação multimodal e inferências intersemióticas: um estudo semiolinguístico
Authors: Marchon Amanda Heiderich , E Silva Welton Pereira
Published: February 2023

O discurso emerge da complexidade multissemiótica que caracteriza a linguagem e, por essa razão, engloba diferentes dimensões na investigação de discursos materializados em textos. Neste artigo, à luz dos pressupostos da Teoria Semiolinguística do Discurso, proposta por Patrick Charaudeau (2008; 2016; 2018), procuramos demonstrar que a dimensão argumentativa de um discurso pode ser engendrada pelo emprego estratégico de diferentes modalidades, a que chamamos de argumentação multimodal. Para isso, por meio das noções de inferência centrípeta interna e inferência centrífuga externa, analisamos três textos midiáticos constituídos pela associação compulsória de palavra e imagem, a saber: charge, tira e peça publicitária, além de discutirmos a relação, aparentemente dissonante, entre manchete e fotografia que figuram em duas notícias, revelando a subjetividade avaliativa da instância de produção em um gênero de caráter predominantemente informativo. As análises sinalizaram que, por meio de um recorte específico do espaço social, os sujeitos envolvidos nas trocas comunicativas integram e correlacionam as múltiplas semioses nos processos de produção e compreensão, sob os quais atuam movimentos inferenciais internos e externos ao enunciado.
Multimodalidade no Twitter: uma análise dos recursos (tecno)linguageiros na construção de tuítes
Authors: Santos Ana Carolina Ferreira de Oliveira , Cortez Suzana Leite
Published: February 2023

As ferramentas tecnológicas cada vez se fazem mais presentes em nossas práticas comunicativas e possibilitam que diariamente diversos textos sejam produzidos no ambiente digital, a partir dos muitos recursos (tecno)linguageiros disponibilizados na web. Diante disso, este trabalho objetiva investigar a multimodalidade manifestada no Twitter, com vistas à construção de sentidos do texto. Assim, na metodologia proposta, realizamos uma análise qualitativa de sete tuítes, considerando os recursos (tecno)linguageiros e o modo como estes contribuem para a construção de sentidos do texto. Este trabalho fundamenta-se em pressupostos da Linguística textual de base sociocognitivo-discursiva, reconhecendo o caráter constitutivamente multimodal dos textos (CAVALCANTE et al., 2019). Além disso, dialogamos com Paveau (2021), para quem o tuíte é um texto nativo digital, que emerge e se desenvolve na internet. Assim, observamos que, mesmo com a utilização de diferentes recursos (tecno)linguageiros, tais como emojis, emoticons, hashtags e hiperlinks, traços da textualidade off-line se conservam no texto nativo digital, e que, na relação entre homem e máquina, os usuários permanecem como sujeitos estrategistas, que operam escolhas. Por fim, concluímos que a multimodalidade em tuítes se manifesta de maneira diversificada, através dos diversos recursos (tecno)linguageiros que colaboram de diferentes formas na construção de sentidos.
Design MPPT with Anfis Method on Zeta Converter With DC Load
Authors: Sunarno Epyk , Sudiharto Indhana , Yolanita Dian
Published: February 2023

Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for PV (Photovoltaic) systems is provided in this research using artificial intelligence-based control. The design of MPPT system with Anfis Method on the Zeta Converter with DC Load is used to optimize the work of the Photovoltaic which will be used for DC load sources. The MPPT process consists of four main stages, namely module training data, determining input and output data, determining the number and type of membership functions and ANFIS training data. Zeta converter works like a buck boost, which can increase or decrease the voltage which is an advantage in designing systems with very volatile Photovoltaic sources. Zeta Converter is used to get higher efficiency, smaller input and output current ripple values and smaller core losses in the inductor. To improve the efficiency of system performance, An MPPT algorithm for the adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) that is programmed into a microcontroller controls the zeta converter. ANFIS control is used because the response is faster and more effective. The combined simulation's findings demonstrate that the ANFIS control was successful, and the system can now produce the best possible power from Photovoltaic ipanelsiiniMPPT mode by boosting efficiency by up to 19.96%.
Development of a capital expenditure model in the context of construction digitalization
Authors: Larionov Arkadij N. , Solovev Vyacheslav V. , Morozov Alexander A.
Published: February 2023

Introduction. The purpose of this research project is to study the development of construction digitalization methods and means. Substantial discrepancies between the state digitalization policy and the practice of mastering digital instruments in the course of construction and investment activities hinder the high-quality implementation of certain tasks. Of particular interest is the problem of calculating capital expenditures at various stages of implementation of an investment project.

Materials and methods. Methodological approaches to digitalization problems are based on the pricing subsystem extracted from the information model of a project. This subsystem is used to address the main pricing tasks pursued by the government authorities and construction industry contractors implementing their own digitalization options. Conflicting interests of different participants in construction and investment projects, as well as the variance in the informatisation stra­tegy, implemented at the previous stages, substantially complicate the search for a solution that equally satisfies the state and the business community.

Results. The authors have identified the need to devise consistent state-level methodological approaches to developing information modelling architecture, taking into account the current practice of construction cost budgeting in the course of project management. Towards this end, the logical structure of the “Pricing” subsystem was developed using the information modelling technologies. Design companies, technical clients, project managers, and construction contractors must have equal rights to access and handle construction cost data.

Conclusions. The authors have found a discrepancy between state approaches to construction project budgeting and cost management practices at the stages of construction project implementation. No large-scale transition to information mode­lling is feasible without the adoption of unified methodological solutions in terms of cost calculations.
Measuring non-linear effects of exchange rate movements on reserve holdings
Authors: Umoru David , Odiwo Williams Omokhudu , Ebhote Oseremen , Akhor Sadiq Oshoke , Otsupius Anthonia Ighiebemhe , Ohiokha Godwin , Abere Benjamin Olusola , Omoluabi Ehis Taiwo , Iyoha Agbonrha-Oghoye Imas , Hussaini Rafat
Published: February 2023

Due to flaws in fiscal and financial structures, currency rate changes have detrimental effects on emerging economies. The lack of financial protection tools and insufficient levels of financial market development leaves African nations exposed to such harmful consequences of rates of exchange volatility. This study attempted to investigate the impact of exchange rate movements on the volume of reserves held by African countries struggling to maintain enough earnings to warrant floating their currency against the dollar. The non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) of Shin et al. (2014) filters movements in exchange rates into the negative and positive partial sum, respectively. We found that devaluation weakens reserve volume in Morocco, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa, Zambia, Kenya, Malawi and Mauritius. Exchange rate appreciation significantly decreases Ghana, Kenya, South Africa, and Mauritius reserves. The magnitude of exchange rate devaluation, 0.94, 0.85, and 0.91 in Nigeria, Malawi, and Zambia, as reported by the positive cumulative sum of the changes in the exchange rate, exceeded the magnitude of appreciation, 0.12, 0.10, and 0.17, respectively. Accordingly, the effects of exchange rates on reserves in Ghana, Malawi, Morocco, Nigeria, Namibia, and Zambia are asymmetric, while the impact in Egypt, Kenya, South Africa, and Mauritius is symmetric.
Lucian Boia. El juego con el pasado: la historia entre verdad y ficción
Authors: Boia Lucian
Published: February 2023

Partiendo de la historia, me devuelvo a ella, después de un largo peregrinaje por el mundo del imaginario. Así, cuando me dejé seducir por la historia del imaginario, no incluí desde un comienzo a la historia entre los campos susceptibles de ser interpretados también por este. Me han preocupado, en primer lugar, las ficciones cósmicas, luego, el impresionante arsenal del “fin del mundo”. Me detuve sobre el experimento comunista, apreciado como mitología científica materializada. He seguido la gama de las creaciones biológicas, las reglas con las que se inventan los “hombres diferentes” o que devienen “diferentes”, los hombres como cualesquiera otros. Estos caminos a través del imaginario me pusieron frente, de hecho, a una verdad simple, tan simple que casi no la tomo en cuenta: aquella de que todo pasa por nuestra mente, a través de nuestra imaginación, desde la más sumaria representación hasta las más sabias composiciones. ¿Qué otra fuente podría existir? Pero lo que imaginamos no es nunca gratuito. No existe ficción carente de sentido. Incluso, hasta en los planetas más alejados, proyectamos las esperanzas, los prejuicios y nuestras ilusiones, nuestras ideologías, nuestras preocupaciones corrientes (Lucian Boia). La veintena de capítulos de este libro son una especie de paseo, con aparente libertad de selección y tono– a veces con aparentes rodeos y/o apartes - pero en el fondo con una sólida organización demostrativa y pedagógica cuando se los mira retrospectivamente. No están pensados y escritos con la seriedad (no pocas veces pesada) del magisterio y de su voluntad (¿a la fuerza?) demostrativa. Dan más bien la impresión de que los diversos temas tratados surgen como recuerdos de los problemas que un profesor universitario ya retirado se rememora a la vez recordando sus propias interrogaciones, sus entusiasmos o sus dudas y el balance que la edad y su posición académica actual le permiten con una relativa serenidad matizada a veces de algo que se parece a la ironía y tal vez a la auto-ironía. El título y el subtítulo del libro ya indican también otras de sus tonalidades esenciales. El juego con el pasado. La naturaleza polisémica de la palabra juego ya de por sí abre muchas puertas y desde el inicio deja al lector ante dudas (o sospechas) que el autor ira aclarando, pero en una especie de diálogo con el lector, un compañerismo siempre benevolente y nunca ex cátedra (Bernard Lavallé).
Patchy indirect effects: predators contribute to landscape heterogeneity and ecosystem function via localized pathways
Authors: Johnson-Bice Sean , Gable Thomas , Roth James , Bump Joseph
Published: February 2023

Predators are widely recognized for their irreplaceable roles regulating
the abundance and altering the traits of lower trophic levels. Predators
also have irreplaceable roles in shaping community interactions and
ecological processes via highly localized pathways, irrespective of
their influence on prey density or behavior. We synthesized empirical
and theoretical research describing how predators have indirect
ecological effects confined to discrete patches on the landscape,
processes we have termed patchy indirect effects of predation.
Predators generate patchy indirect effects via three main pathways:
generating and distributing prey carcasses, creating biogeochemical
hotspots by concentrating nutrients derived from prey, and killing
ecosystem engineers that create patches. In each pathway, the indirect
ecological effects are limited to discrete areas with measurable spatial
and temporal boundaries (i.e., patches). Our synthesis reveals the
diverse and complex ways that predators indirectly affect other species
via discrete patches, ranging from mediating scavenger interactions to
interspecific parasite/disease transmission risk, and from altering
ecosystem biogeochemistry to facilitating local species biodiversity. We
also show how existing multi-scale ecological frameworks
(metapopulation, meta-ecosystem, and patch dynamics concepts) offer
insight into the mechanisms underlying the formation of these patches
within ecosystems. We then provide basic guidelines on how these effects
can be quantified at both the patch and landscape scales, and discuss
how these predator-mediated patches ultimately increase landscape
heterogeneity and contribute to ecosystem functioning. Whereas density-
and trait-mediated indirect effects of predation generally occur through
population-scale changes, patchy indirect effects of predation occur
through individual- and patch-level pathways. Our synthesis provides a
more holistic view of the functional role of predation in ecosystems by
addressing how predators create patchy landscapes via localized
pathways, in addition to influencing the abundance and behavior of lower
trophic levels.
On the links between ice nucleation, cloud phase, and climate sensitivity in CESM2
Authors: McGraw Zachary , Storelvmo Trude , Polvani Lorenzo M , Hofer Stefan , Shaw Jonah K , Gettelman Andrew
Published: February 2023

Ice nucleation in mixed-phase clouds has recently been identified as a
critical factor in projections of future climate. Here we explore how
this process influences climate sensitivity using the Community Earth
System Model 2 (CESM2). We find that ice nucleation affects simulated
cloud feedbacks over most regions and levels of the troposphere, not
just extratropical low clouds. Ice nucleation’s impact on climate
sensitivity is found to primarily operate through this process’s role
setting global-scale cloud phase. Conversely, whether ice nucleation is
treated as aerosol-sensitive is of limited importance. In
satellite-constrained model experiments, dissimilar ice nucleation
realizations all result in a strongly positive total cloud feedback, as
in the default CESM2. A microphysics update from CESM1 to CESM2 had
substantially weakened ice nucleation, due partly to a model issue. Our
findings suggest that this contributed to increased climate sensitivity
by reducing global cloud phase bias, resulting in more realistic
mixed-phase clouds.