bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Scaling factors for CANDU reactor waste: how reliable are they?
Authors: Greening Frank R.
Published: February 2024

This paper presents the results of a study of the use of the scaling factor method for the determination of the activities of the difficult to measure radionuclides – H-3, C-14, Ni-63, Sr-90, Pu-239/240 and Pu-214 – observed in CANDU radioactive waste. Twenty-six smear samples collected in the vault of Bruce Unit 1 during its refurbishment in the period 2009 to 2012 are used as surrogates for radioactive waste packages generated by the operation, maintenance, refurbishment and decommissioning of a CANDU reactor. A detailed analysis of the data presented in this paper shows that: (i) the activities of H-3 and C-14 cannot be reliably determined by the scaling factor method, and (ii) the activities of Ni-63, Sr-90, Pu-239/240 and Pu-214 estimated by the scaling factor method are typically in agreement with the measured activities to within only an order of magnitude of their true values. It is recommended that activities of CANDU rad-waste samples derived by the scaling factor method should be reported to only one significant figure to better reflect the limited precision and accuracy of this method.
(Integrations-)Chancen durch Kompetenzerwerb im Sportverein – eine Perspektive auf ehrenamtliches Engagement von Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund
Authors: Olmesdahl Kim , Haut Jan , Müller Lasse , Heim Christopher
Published: February 2024

Ehrenamtliches Engagement im Sportverein bietet viele Lern- und Entwicklungschancen. So kann es auch die (Sozial-)Integration von Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund (MmMH) unterstützten. Diese sind allerdings in ehrenamtlichen Positionen seit Jahren unterrepräsentiert. Der vorliegende Beitrag analysiert mit Bezug auf die zugrunde liegenden Lernprozesse, welche Entwicklungs- und Integrationspotentiale für MmMH im ehrenamtlichen Engagement gesehen und von den Engagierten angestrebt werden. Die leitfadengestützten Interviews (N=10) sowie die Gruppendiskussion (N=5) weisen zwar auf Bedingungen hin, die den Weg ins Ehrenamt für MmMH erschweren und die besagte Unterrepräsentanz begründen. Sie bestätigen aber auch, dass im ehrenamtlichen Engagement viele alltagsrelevante Kompetenzen erworben werden können. Sportvereine könnten diesen Mehrwert proaktiver kommunizieren, um mehr MmMH den Zugang zum Ehrenamt und zu den damit verbundenen Möglichkeiten des Kompetenzgewinns zu eröffnen.
Finite element based dynamic analysis of a porous exponentially graded shaft system subjected to thermal gradients
Authors: Vaka Vijayakumar , Sathujoda Prabhakar , Bhalla Neelanchali Asija , Yelike Satishkumar V.
Published: February 2024

In modern applications, demand for the rotor shafts made of FGM has increased in aerospace, gas turbine and turbo jet engines due to its improved dynamic characteristics at elevated temperatures. The dynamic vibration response of a functionally graded Jeffcott rotor-bearing system with induced porosities has been studied for non-uniform porosity distributions. The functionally graded (FG) shaft’s radial direction exhibits continuous variation in the material qualities. The FG rotor’s cross-sectional material properties have been graded using the exponential law. The temperature gradients have been considered to be varied across the cross-section based on exponential temperature distribution. For the first time, using the FE method, it has been possible to study the impact of induced porosities on the free vibration frequencies and steady-state vibration responses of the functionally graded rotor-bearing system. This has led to the development of a two-node porous functionally graded rotor element with uneven porosity distributions using the Timoshenko beam theory. It has been observed that the free vibration frequencies and the FG rotor-bearing system critical speeds are affected by increased porosity and thermal gradients. The frequency responses demonstrate that as temperature gradient and volume fraction of porosity rise, the FG rotor-bearing system’s critical speeds shift to the left.
Ca3Ru3Zn13 – a zinc-rich intermetallic phase composed of closest-packed layers
Authors: Kösters Jutta , Chamard Valentin Antoine , Matar Samir F. , Pröbsting Wilma , Block Theresa , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: February 2024

Ca3Ru3Zn13 was synthesized from the elements in a tantalum tube in a muffle furnace. The sample was annealed to 1123 K followed by slow cooling to enhance crystal growth. Ca3Ru3Zn13 was characterized through a Guinier powder pattern. The structure was refined from single crystal X-ray diffractometer data: new type, Pbcn, a = 522.92(5), b = 1792.72(14), c = 2789.6(2) pm, wR2 = 0.0590, 3451 F
2 values, 177 variables. One can describe the Ca3Ru3Zn13 structure by a stacking of closest packed layers of compositions Ca6Zn10, Ca6Zn12 and Ru6Zn15. The calcium atoms have high coordination numbers: Ca1@Zn13Ru3Ca2, Ca2@Zn15Ru4Ca, Ca3@Zn15Ru4Ca and Ca4@Zn15Ru4Ca. The shortest interatomic distances occur between the ruthenium and zinc atoms (255–273 pm). The Ru1@Zn8, Ru2@Zn10 and Ru3@Zn8 polyhedra condense via common edges to the [Ru3Zn13] substructure which hosts the calcium atoms. The zinc substructure consists of 15 crystallographically independent zinc sites with a broader range of Zn–Zn distances (255–307 pm).
Quantum mechanical treatment for potential antiphlogistic effects from the leaf extract of Ocimum basilicum citriodorum using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS)
Authors: Kaliyaperumal Raja , Kumaravel Tharini , Albeshr Mohammed F. , Kasilingam Thavan , Poovan Vijayakumar , Nagaraj Karuppiah , Shah Flora , Mathivanan Isai
Published: February 2024

The immune biological response systems and inflammation can be triggered by a number of things such as pathogens, damaged cells and toxic substances. In ethnomedicine, leaves of Lemon basil (Ocimum basilicum citriodorum) have been used for their health benefits. This study examines the anti-inflammatory properties of lemon basil stalks. In a GC/MS study, 24 plant-based bioactive compounds were identified. Comparing the activities in 24 compounds with the largest negative binding energy values helped us determine which compound was most active. It can be seen that only two compounds (Campstool and stigmasterol) with the highest binding energies interact with the 2QVD protein; consequently, the compound with the highest binding energy has superior anti-inflammatory activity. In quantum mechanics, electron energy difference between lowest-unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMO) and highest-occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO) is described by the quantum-mechanical method, electronegativity (χ), electron affinity (A), global hardness (η), global softness (σ) and ionization potential (I) estimated from the optimized structure. Higher energy molecules are more reactive than other substances reported in this study.
GABAergic/Glycinergic and Glutamatergic Neurons Mediate Distinct Neurodevelopmental Phenotypes ofSTXBP1Encephalopathy
Authors: Kim Joo Hyun , Chen Wu , Chao Eugene S. , Rivera Armando , Kaku Heet Naresh , Jiang Kevin , Lee Dongwon , Chen Hongmei , Vega Jaimie M. , Chin Teresa V. , Jin Kevin , Nguyen Kelly T. , Zou Sheldon S. , Moin Zain , Nguyen Shawn , Xue (薛名杉) Mingshan
Published: February 2024

An increasing number of pathogenic variants in presynaptic proteins involved in the synaptic vesicle cycle are being discovered in neurodevelopmental disorders. The clinical features of these synaptic vesicle cycle disorders are diverse, but the most prevalent phenotypes include intellectual disability, epilepsy, movement disorders, cerebral visual impairment, and psychiatric symptoms ( Verhage and Sørensen, 2020; Bonnycastle et al., 2021; John et al., 2021; Melland et al., 2021). Among this growing list of synaptic vesicle cycle disorders, the most frequent isSTXBP1encephalopathy caused byde novoheterozygous pathogenic variants in syntaxin-binding protein 1 (STXBP1, also known as MUNC18-1; Verhage and Sørensen, 2020; John et al., 2021). STXBP1 is an essential protein for presynaptic neurotransmitter release. Its haploinsufficiency is the main disease mechanism and impairs both excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter release. However, the disease pathogenesis and cellular origins of the broad spectrum of neurological phenotypes are poorly understood. Here we generate cell type-specificStxbp1haploinsufficient male and female mice and show thatStxbp1haploinsufficiency in GABAergic/glycinergic neurons causes developmental delay, epilepsy, and motor, cognitive, and psychiatric deficits, recapitulating majority of the phenotypes observed in the constitutiveStxbp1haploinsufficient mice andSTXBP1encephalopathy. In contrast,Stxbp1haploinsufficiency in glutamatergic neurons results in a small subset of cognitive and seizure phenotypes distinct from those caused byStxbp1haploinsufficiency in GABAergic/glycinergic neurons. Thus, the contrasting roles of excitatory and inhibitory signaling reveal GABAergic/glycinergic dysfunction as a key disease mechanism ofSTXBP1encephalopathy and suggest the possibility to selectively modulate disease phenotypes by targeting specific neurotransmitter systems.
Skala i determinanty zmienności dochodów gospodarstw rolniczych w Polsce
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Kata Ryszard , Wosiek Małgorzata ,   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski
Published: February 2024

Purpose – The aim of the study is to assess the stability of agricultural household income in Poland in 1995–2021 and to identify the determinants of the volatility of this income. Research method – The stability of farmer’s household income was compared with the income volatility of other socio-economic groups. Regression analysis was used to reveal the determinants of income volatility. Results – The income of farm households shows much greater year-on-year volatility than the income of households of employees and self-employed outside agriculture. Originality / value / implications / recommendations – The volatility of farm income is mainly influenced by the factors that determine the value of agricultural production and the costs of this production. Subsidies directed to farmers only mitigate the volatility of farm income.
The Printability of Synthetic and Plastics Paper
Authors:   Pira, Research Association for the Paper & Board, Printing and Packaging Industries Ltd., Leatherhead, Surrey, Truman A. B. , Munday F. D. ,   Pira, Research Association for the Paper & Board, Printing and Packaging Industries Ltd., Leatherhead, Surrey
Published: February 2024

A distinction is made between the two sheet materials named in the title and nine examples are quoted covering a wide range of both of them. A brief description is given of the method of producing such materials and surface micrographs at a magnification of 2,000 times are reproduced to show the wide difference in surface texture. The physical test data for six of the synthetic and plastics papers are quoted in comparison with similar data for three conventional coated papers. In particular, the ink absorbency of plastics paper is far too low to permit the use of conventional printing inks that dry mainly by solvent absorption. The dimensional stability is exceptionally good and increases as the proportion of cellulose fibres in the sheet diminishes. Most plastics and synthetic papers suffer from a relatively low stiffness compared with conventional papers, but there is definite evidence that a ‘second generation’ of plastics papers is being designed to give greater stiffness by means of a multi-ply construction, in which the centure of the sheet has a low density honeycomb structure. Generally, the plastics papers have a significantly higher resistance to the dissipation of static electricity than do conventional papers. The presence of mineral coatings considerably reduces the resistivity, as shown by some of the plastics papers that have had a surface coating. Contrary to expectations the consistency of quality of plastics papers is not better than that of conventional papers; in fact, it is often less consistent. Values of the coefficient of variation for some of the papers are given in the text. In an appendix, a description of the physical characteristics of an unidentified Japanese second generation plastics paper are given. The plies had been separated by a manual technique and their varying grammage, thickness and density were determined.
Influence of Temperature and Humidity on the Elastic and Expansional Properties of Paper and the Constituent Fibre
Authors:   Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory, Stockholm, de Ruvo A. , Lundberg R. ,   Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory, Stockholm, Martin-Löf S. ,   Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory, Stockholm, Söremark C. ,   Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory, Stockholm
Published: February 2024

The influence of humidity and temperature on the change in elastic properties of single fibres and the corresponding papers are shown to be similar. Furthermore, expansional changes due to variation in the atmospheric conditions are shown to be related to the elastic properties of the sheet . For thermal expansion in paper, the product of coefficient of linear expansion and the elastic properties is approximately constant in all directions. A similar relationship is also followed in hygroexpansion. In the experiments reported, a slightly higher value in the machine direction was obtained for the product of the dimensional changes and the elastic modulus. It is also noted that the geometric means of the dimensional instability and elastic properties in machine and cross directions coincide with the same properties of the isotropic sheet. Hygrodimensional changes for single fibres were measured by means of following the rotational twist of the fibres caused by sorption. It is deemed from these experiments that the fibre swelling is proportional to the moisture regain. Finally, it is shown that the viscoelastic properties of cellulose material change in an irregular manner during changes of the moisture regain. These effects cause considerable reduction in the creep to failure time (lifetime) of paper in compression or tension under transient atmospheric conditions.
Session Chairmen’s Appraisals–Session 1: Dr H. Corte
Authors: Corte H.
Published: February 2024

In my introduction to session 1, I made the point that most of the material presented in this session could be seen almost as a continuation of the corresponding part of the Oxford symposium in 1961. This continuity, which was very noticeable in other sessions also, is one of the assets and attractions of these symposia. There are people (and I have met several) who think that such a continuity signifies lack of ideas, a state of stagnation. They argue that we must be ‘with it’, that there must be something new, even topical, every time. I do not agree with this at all. On the contrary, if we let ourselves be dominated by the notion that there must be a frantic search for a new ‘in’ subject every time we plan a symposium, we are in danger of becoming organisers of yet another set of technical gatherings, useful, most likely, but not necessarily bearing the stamp of fundamental research.
Session Chairmen’s Appraisals – Session 2: Prof. H. W. Giertz
Authors: Giertz H. W.
Published: February 2024

The mechanical properties of paper was a main topic both at the 1961 Oxford meeting and the 1965 Cambridge meeting and, as a better understanding of paper’s strength properties will always be of great interest, it will certainly be included as a separate session in the programme of future symposia.
Session Chairmen’s Appraisals – Session 3: Prof. V. T. Stannett
Authors: Stannett V. T.
Published: February 2024

Professor Rånby opened the meeting with a concentrated review of the synthetic paper field. It was a reasonably well referenced review with a very useful classification scheme. Perhaps it is still premature to select synthetic pulp as the most promising approach to synthetic paper, but it is the chairman’s privilege to speculate in this way. The pollution problem, mentioned by the speaker, is mainly due to the pulp mills and is a problem chiefly in the Scandinavian countries. In other countries, paper and pulp mill pollution is less serious compared with sewage effluent. Also, the shortage in petroleum may well be ‘across the board’ and any cuts made could also affect the polymer industry. All in all, the review was a very valuable contribution and should stimulate considerable interest in the field. The subject of synthetic paper is wide open for fundamental research; from such research, much can also be learned about conventional paper and papermaking.
Language as an Error: A Study on School Literacy and Language Correction in Lithuania
Authors: Vaicekauskienė Loreta , Vukotić Vuk , Čičirkaitė Ramunė , Nevinskaitė Laima
Published: February 2024

This special issue documents the history of formal writing education in Lithuania in the second half of the 20th and early 21st centuries by taking a (socio)linguistically informed approach to school literacy. The study consists of four contributions, one theoretical and three empirical. The authors explore authentic pupils’ written language practices by focusing on variation in spelling, morphology and syntax, word choice as well as stylistic expression, as corrected by teachers, and critically contrast the data with the dominant normativist (or prescriptivist) approach to school literacy in Lithuania. The data for the empirical contributions were retrieved from an anonymised database “Rašinėliai” (‘School Essays’) which some of the authors of the study have been collecting since 2014 for the purpose of investigation of school writing in Lithuania. At the time the study was conducted, the researchers could choose among more than 7,500 PDF files documenting writing by almost 950 different pupils between 1st and 12th grades, of which almost 80% were teacher-corrected. The results of the study can be interpreted as revealing the cognitive and social diversity of the literacy phenomenon. There were virtually no cases in the data of the pupils’ written essays that could not be explained by natural cognitive or social causes. Among the main causes of linguistic variation, the findings identified (1) the influence of spoken language with its own phonetic and grammatical rules; (2) the cognitive mechanism called analogy, whereby pupils internalise a certain spelling convention and then generalise it; and (3) the potentially interconnected factors as the genre, the motivation of the pupils and pedagogical practice. The authors hope that the study will show both the originality and productiveness of the sociolinguistic approach when applied to data from Lithuanian schools, as well as its theoretical potential of developing sociolinguistics of school literacy. Besides that, there is an expectation that the research will have important implications for local educational policies and pedagogical practice.
Evaluation methods for development and selection of novel probiotics
Authors: Nya Elijah J
Published: February 2024

Probiotics is currently one of the science–driven products which have undergone considerable evolution with acclaimed health benefit. Besides the discovery of antibiotics some years ago, probiotics has found considerable applications in life sciences, aquaculture, poultry, piggery, animal health, and human healthcare. There are many novel putative probiotic organisms that could be found in different substrates or carbon sources among bacteria, bacteriophages, fungi, yeasts, microalgae etc. A search approach to developing candidate probionts could be made among these variable sources. Invariably, the methods for isolation and evaluation of the probiotic organisms are many depending on the purpose of use. To wit, different methods are used in aquaculture industry or animal health and human healthcare. For instance, the Food and Agriculture organization FAO of the United Nation/ World Health organization UNO/WHO has already developed international guidelines for the evaluation of probiotics meant for the later. Consequently, this chapter reviews the different methods and approaches for development and evaluation of novel potential probiotics for aquaculture production, taking into considerations the differences in environments and the complex needs and nature of aquatic species. Qualifying a strain of bacterium as a probiotics and selection of such strain for probiotic purposes has not been easy. Principally, scientific driven approaches have been used to primarily decipher the specific trait a desirable probiotic strain should possess, and also developed methods used for selecting and evaluating candidate probiotics. This review will addressed the different methodologies which have been used to analyze microbial cells, which promises to serves for probiotic strains for use in aquaculture industry
Effect of a short-term integrative program on clinical parameters of patients: Pilot study
Authors: Hercik Paz Shauli , Shraga Slonim Michal , Korotkov Konstantin
Published: February 2024

Background: Combining conventional oncology with evidence-based complementary treatment approaches is an emerging field that aims to treat patients comprehensively to improve their well-being and spiritual and psychological needs. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of an integrative program comprising physical and psychological domains delivered for five consecutive days on several parameters of patients with different health issues. Methods: Eight patients (mean age 56.5 years) enrolled in the program as an add-on to their standard of care treatments. Their health parameters were measured at 3 points during the study: at baseline before the start of the intervention, on the fifth (last) day of the intervention, and four weeks after completion. Conclusion: An integrative intervention can provide non-pharmacologic recovery support that optimizes their well-being and reduces the symptom burden in patients
Azospirillum sp. and mycorrhizal fungi: key microorganisms in sustainable agriculture
Authors: Gabriela Di Barbaro , Horacio Andrada , Basso Valeria González , Pablo Guzmán , Eleodoro Del Valle , Weth Celia Brandán de
Published: February 2024

The role and importance of two types of soil microorganisms are highlighted: the bacteria of the Azospirillum genus and mycorrhiza-forming fungi, which establish beneficial interactions with plants and the application of these generates great interest due to the potential and to be considered as these soil microorganisms as a tool in sustainable and agroecological agriculture. The importance of developing biofertilizers with native strains of plant-promoting microorganisms, such as Azospirillum brasilense and mycorrhizal fungi, is also highlighted as a strategy to control diseases and improve the agronomic performance of crops. The development and application of this type of biofertilizers can be considered an important alternative for the partial or total replacement of mineral fertilizers, which would generate great benefits without having a detrimental impact on the environment
Praca według św. Franciszka z Asyżu
Authors: Kasprzak Dariusz
Published: February 2024

In the article, the author theologically reconstructs the understanding of work as seen by Francis of Assisi. He does this by using the historical method of direct fact-finding and the theological method of reflecting on Poverello’s spiritual experience as recorded in the first two Franciscan rules, the writings of the first hagiographers of the Poverello, and the texts of Francis’ recognized commentators. The issue described is covered in four paragraphs: (1) Work understood as God’s grace; (2) Motivation to work; (3) Remuneration for work; (4) Gratuity of work.
„Vitis mystica”. Aspektychrystologii afektywnej traktatu o Męce Pańskiej św. Bonawentury
Authors: Kośla Romuald Henryk
Published: February 2024

Based on the analysis of some aspects of the mystery of Christ contained by the Seraphic Doctor in the work of “Vitis Mystica”, it is possible to determine the profile of the Christological discourse. It is clearly mystagogical and mystical, revealing a typically experiential, and therefore affective formula. Divine realities, such as: the incarnation, the passion, the cross or the Sacred Heart of Jesus, are for Bonaventure a kind of „prisons” of love, they are above all open spaces through which God does not let himself be known, but rather met. According to his practical way of understanding all theology, Jesus Christ as Verbum Incarnatum et Crucifixum is and should be the center of man’s spiritual life.
The Pastoral Model of Educating Seniors at Universities of the Third Age at UPJPII in Krakow
Authors: Dziedzic Jan
Published: February 2024

Universities of the third age have become very popular in Poland and in the world. As institutions dealing with lifelong learning, they have the appropriate competencies to ensure that the various needs of seniors are met. U3A, established at UPJPII in Kraków in 2011, is one of such programs, dynamically operating in Poland. It is aimed not only at increasing the level of general knowledge but also at the religious formation of the students. The university has a religious profile and implements a pastoral and educational program, that includes lectures and workshops in the field of the Bible and anthropology, ethics, theology, philosophy and history of the Church, as well as an educational and cultural program (religious tourism, theatre arts), that is meant as a form of creative support for seniors. Plenary lectures and seminar workshops are complemented with the offer of additional educational and developmental classes. They include foreign language learning, computer courses, tourism, sports and cultural activities. Thanks to our U3A, many elderly people have improved their self-esteem and sense of dignity. They have also learned how to overcome problems related to old age and barriers preventing them from full participation in social and parish life.
Pastoraltheologische Folgen der russischen Aggression in der Ukraine: Neues Ehrenamt und sichtbares diakonisches Engagement
Authors: Celary Ireneusz , Kießig Sebastian , Iastrebova Svetlana
Published: February 2024

The large number of refugees in Ukraine is changing the charitable commitment in Poland and Germany. Institutional Caritas is responding with special programmes to support volunteers who work with refugees. These measures stand for a new volunteerism, for a changed civil society in both countries, but also for a church development out of social responsibility.
Linguocultural Specifics of Artificial Intelligence Representation in the English Language Media Discourse: Corpus-Based Approach
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Kochetova Larisa
Published: February 2024

The article deals with the discursive construction of artificial intelligence (AI) in the English-language media discourse. Corpus methods establish semantic, figurative-perceptual and axiological specificity in the media representation of AI in various media segments, such as tabloids and broadsheet papers. Corpus-assisted discourse analysis includes: 1) identification of unique semantic domains that determine discourse interpretations of this socially significant phenomenon, followed by an analysis of their dispersion in narratives about AI; 2) analysis of the figurative-evaluative and value content of its media representation; 3) investigation of the specifics of broadsheet media and tabloid media representations of the AI concept. It was found that AI receives multiple media representations, in which its conceptual features represented by the lexical items of the semantic fields "Knowledge", "Ability", "Information and Computer Technologies" are supplemented and enriched by the lexical units of the semantic fields "Safety/Danger", "Transformation", "Ethics". In media narratives about AI, the concept of "imitation of human abilities" is often associated with fake news, plagiarism, warfare, crime, climate change, and unemployment. Corpus data revealed that in the narratives about AI in broadsheet media, the lexical items of the semantic field "Robots" emphasize the similarity of AI with anthropomorphic entities; the semantic field "Competition" represents the idea of a rivalry between a human and a machine, as well as between countries, governments and companies; the semantic field "Warfare" actualizes the pragmatics of warning related to collective security and expressing public concern about the possible negative consequences of the development of AI. Popular media emphasize the androgenic nature of AI, its entertainment potential ("Games"), practical values related to health care ("Medicines and Treatment"); and the pragmatics of warning related to individual safety ("Crime"). The evaluative media representation of AI is formed mainly by ethical and practical, often negative, evaluative features transmitted through metaphoric images, intertextual references, and cultural models that determine the behavioural patterns of the discursive community members.
Nominativus Absolutus in the History of the Russian Language
Authors:   North Ossetian State University, Kunavin Boris
Published: February 2024

The article examines the structure, semantics, and functions of the nominativus absolutus structure, which is a predicative unit with the participial predicate having the subject of its own. The relevance of the work is explained by inconsistency in interpretation of the genesis, structural features and functions of this structure in the linguistic literature. The purpose of the article is to identify indicators of the grammatical dependence of nominativus absolutus on the verbal part, to prove its originality, to determine the dynamics of use, stylistic marking, and reasons for elimination. The article used the method of continuous sampling, descriptive, comparative historical and comparative typological methods. It has been proved that, despite the high degree of predicativity of the participle in this construction, it remains grammatically dependent on the verbal part. The markers of this dependency are revealed: the identity or co-reference of the subjects in nominativus absolutus and the verbal part; one subject denotes the whole, while the other nominates its part; the subject of one part represents a subject, while in the other part it is an object; the subject in nominativus absolutus possesses the item nominated in the verbal part. The constructive variety of the analyzed clause is investigated, the types of semantic relations between the subject in nominativus absolutus and the main part are characterized. The application of quantitative data analysis has enabled the author to study the dynamics of nominativus absolutus functioning in the written records of the 11 th – 17 th centuries, taking into account the development of the simple sentence structure and the category of a subordinate clause. The reasons for nominativus absolutus elimination are determined.
The Language of Health Promotion in British and Russian Digital Media: A Comparative Study
Authors:   Voronezh State Medical University, Stebletsova Anna , Torubarova Irina ,   Voronezh State Medical University, Linaker Tanya ,   King's College London
Published: February 2024

The research explores the language of health promotion used in Health matters and Tak zdorovo – the national healthcare websites of the UK and Russia. The objective is to assess readability of the British and Russian texts as well as to reveal language properties and cultural implications of health promotion in national digital media. The comparative design of the study involves qualitative (contextual and interpretative) and quantitative (Compleat Lexical Tutor v.8.5 and Flesch-Kincaid grade) methods. The topic distribution results show that physical activity, healthy eating and weight control, tobacco smoking, alcohol dependence, mental health are raised in both cultures, however, the British corpus puts more emphasis on mental health issues compared to the Russian one. There are differences in 'positive' vs 'negative' approach in covering alcohol consumption issues. The findings on readability reveal higher rates of lexical density and lexical variety in the Russian corpus in comparison to the British one. However, the overall lexical coverage and readability index in the British (K-3) and Russian corpora (SIS – 8.68) are equally low, which means that the language of health promotion in both cultures is easy to understand. The Russian language of advice demonstrates frequent use of imperatives. The British corpus employs less categorical recommendation forms including modal verbs, create partnering communication styles and demonstrate a higher use of visual forms of health promotion. The findings revealing differences in rhetoric strategies (rational reasoning in British digital media vs emotional reasoning in Russian digital media) can be attributed to national and cultural implications.
Elite Private Secondary Education in Greece: Class Strategies and Educational Advantages
Authors:   University of Crete, Greece, Valassi Despoina
Published: February 2024

Too little attention has been paid to the school institutions intended to educate and socialize the children of the upper classes. Greece has a significant history of private educational institutions. Yet their history and role within the educational system and society has been consistently neglected. The study of elite private education and its relationship with the social reproduction of the upper and middle classes in Greece has been even more neglected. Through a study of elite private secondary schools, following the theoretical model of Pierre Bourdieu, we explored the relationship that the middle and upper social strata of Greek society maintain with specific private schools. In order to determine the above, we conducted a quantitative field survey at 13 well-known private schools in Athens, using a questionnaire. In these schools we find considerable over-representation of the social categories that are placed at the summit of the social hierarchy. A basic argument of our study was that different sections of the middle and upper classes develop different educational strategies to ensure their social reproduction and to increase their privileges. These different strategies adopted by traditional and more recently emerging social classes are reflected in the differences among the elite private schools as a “field” and they distinguished the very top private schools from the less prestigious one. Also, we have found that sections of the Greek upper and middle class provide their offspring, through certain schools and activities, with an international capital which is a necessary condition for their future participation in international educational and professional markets. The study’s central research methodology included geometrical data analysis such as correspondence analysis.
Later, I Can Still Be What I Want to Be. Status, Self-Esteem and Aspirations in Secondary Education, with a Focus on Pupils in Non-Academic Tracks
Authors:   Author: Lenie van den BulkInstitution:, van den Bulk Lenie , de Jong Mart-Jan ,   Author: Lenie van den BulkInstitution:
Published: February 2024

This paper focuses on the question whether the perceived distance between the low status of the school that is attended by the pupils, the high ambitions of these pupils, and the feasibility of achieving these goals could lead to the total evaporation of any motivation to do well at school. Is educational success of pupils in the lowest level of secondary education hampered by the realization that one’s chances to reach a highly respected social position are very limited? In this article, we, firstly, study how adolescents evaluate people in distinctive social positions and to what extent they are aware of status distinctions. Secondly, what are the expectations and ambitions of youngsters and how do they describe their own characteristics when asked to respond to questions, such as “who are you?” and “where do you locate yourself in society?”. Thirdly, we analyze their views on society, their self-images and career expectations. We want to investigate whether these images and projections differ in correlation with their level and type of education.
Old “Euro-orphans”? Migration of Adult Children and Social Security of Their Elderly Parents
Authors:   AGH University in Kraków, Krzyżowski Łukasz
Published: February 2024

One of the broadly discussed issues, in particular in societies with poor infrastructure of formal care of dependent people (i.e. Poland), is the effect of the ageing process on the efficiency of informal care of the elderly by family members, friends, neighbors, and local communities. The complex situation of elderly care resulting from dropping fertility is further complicated when the emigration rate is high in a given country, such as Poland. The problem is often conceptualized in terms of moral panic. It needs to be emphasized that intergenerational transfers are not unidirectional and not always necessary, as exemplified by parents often helping their children working abroad, and not all elderly parents need care. In this article, I will emphasize the point of view of the parents of migrants, by focusing on the functioning of the transnational system of social security that consists of different actors (migrating and relatively immobile) in both sending and receiving societies. Quantitative and qualitative data from the field studies carried out from 2010–2012 will be used for the purpose of this text.
System rządów w Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w świetle aktualnych propozycji jego zmian
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach, Jaskiernia Jerzy
Published: February 2024

System of government of the Republic of Poland, based upon the Constitution of 2 April 1997, is considered as an appropriate. It created a base for the stable governments and alternation of power without conflicts. Since its introduction, not major government’s crisis was noted. Some tensions between President and the Premier Minister has occurred, however, during a cohabitation between President Lech Kaczyński and Premier Minister Donald Tusk (1997–2000). Controversies in the question of representation of the Republic of Poland in the European Council has been solved by the Constitutional Tribunal. It occurred however a problem, whether level of 3/5 to override presidential veto is not too high in situation, when President has backed an opposition and make impossible to fulfill the fundamental reforms introduced by the Committee of Ministers. The death of President Kaczyński make this controversies un-actual. When occasion of changes of Constitution may occurred, this problem should be analyzed in the context of rationalization of those regulation.
Phenol and formaldehyde alternatives for novel synthetic phenolic resins: state of the art
Authors: Briou Benoit
Published: February 2024

Since their appearance and commercialization, phenolic resins have been widely used and adopted in many sectors of activity. Produced from phenol and formaldehyde, these thermosetting materials are now being singled out because of the dangerousness of their precursors as well as the fossil raw material from which they are produced. To address and deal with the current general issue on the reduction of the impact of human activity on the environment, this review details and evaluates current studies on alternative molecules that can be used instead of phenol and formaldehyde in the synthesis of phenolic resins. After a contextualizing introduction and a quick review of what phenolic resins are and how these materials are obtained, two main parts are devoted to the platform molecules likely to replace phenol, first, and formaldehyde, second. Finally, the author gives his opinion on the future potential of research concerning the substitution of these molecules and the future of phenolic resins.
Bidimensional Asymptotic Normality of the Adaptive Moving Kernel Poverty Index Estimate
Authors: Diallo Al Hassana , Ciss Youssou , Diakhaby Aboubakary
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we study the adaptive kernel estimator for the bidimensional extension of Foster, Greer and Thorbecke class of measures. The asymptotic normality of the estimator is established. Next, we show how the proposed estimator can generate sequential confidence intervals by a moving adaptive kernel process. As an illustration, we determine the confidence intervals for different regions of Senegal. The study of this application demonstrated that our methodology is not only more efficient than the classical and empirical estimator, but it also provides better confidence intervals for the poverty index
Structural Characteristics of Specialized Scientific Journal Periodicals
Authors: Demina Irina , Shkondin Mikhail
Published: February 2024

The relevance of the article lies in the need for the authors to convey the results of private, local research to the scientific community in the most efficient way, and the possibility of their scientific interaction. The empirical basis of the study was the data of the Russian scientific electronic library elibrary, in which all Russian, as well as many foreign scientific journals are registered. The purpose of the article is to reveal the possibilities of publishing the results of research by Russian and foreign authors on the topic “Mass communication. Journalism. Mass media" in domestic journals. The study was carried out from general to specific in accordance with the GRNTI codifier. To determine the location of the number of magazines in the thematic group “Mass Communication. Journalism.” “Mass Media" in the general list of journals they were arranged in descending order. By the number of journals (198), this topic ranks 44th out of 71. The possibilities for publishing research results in the field of mass communication are quite wide: authors can publish in journals on the following topics: philological, philosophical, sociological and political sciences. The characteristics of scientific journals in the elibrary on the topic “Mass Communication. Journalism. Mass media". When making decisions about which journals to publish their research, authors should be guided by the qualitative characteristics of these journals. The scientific electronic library (SEL) elibrary allows you to obtain information on many characteristics. The article examines an example of a scientific journal included in the core of the RSCI on the topic “Mass Communication. Journalism. Mass media" — magazine of the Baikal State University (Irkutsk) "Issues of the theory and practice of journalism." The number of articles, the number of authors, their geography, the number of citations, the two-year impact factor of the RSCI, the ten-year H-index of the journal, the percentile of the journal in the Science Index ranking are given. The research will be useful for real and potential authors and for the editors of other scientific journals of any subject, and especially the subject of “Mass Communication. Journalism. Mass media". The main conclusion for publishers should be a conclusion about the place of their own journal in the rankings and its numerous indicators, for authors — the optimal decision on choosing a journal for publishing an article.
Place and Role of Environmental Communication in Modern Environmental Policy
Authors: Panova Elena
Published: February 2024

The issue of climate change and its impact on the sustainable development of countries and entire continents has become a key "agenda" in recent years. At the site of the United Nations (UN), international documents have been adopted, which are supported by the majority of states. They rely on them in the preparation and implementation of the national environmental policy, paying considerable attention to communication with the key subjects of the relationship. The purpose of this study is to analyze the place and role of environmental communications in the formation and implementation of environmental policies of states. To do this, the author uses the method of comparative analysis of the environmental policies of countries included in the implementation of the modern climate agenda (USA, EU, China, Russia). Results: in the practical part of the study, the author studies government strategies and laws on climate change issues, considering environmental policy from the point of view of the communication process. The key message, the main subjects of communication, mechanisms for achieving goals, tools and management structures are explored. Conclusions: Consideration of government strategies shows that climate change is at the forefront of environmental policy. And its model is formed as a reaction to the pressure of various social groups and is a consequence of eco-competitive struggle. Environmental policy is the object of environmental communication. The latter, in turn, contains two key components: regulatory and strategic, which are reflected in official documents. Achieving the strategic goals of environmental policy is possible if there are three components: economic resources, social organization and political power. The result of communication goals is to legitimize environmental policy through its approval by society. A high capacity for public participation is essential for the acceptance, credibility and sustainability of environmental programs.
The effect of pocket mask training on the self-efficacy and willingness to perform artificial respiration in cardiac arrest patients: A randomized control trial
Authors: Jeong Woong-Bin , Ji Jae-Gu , Seo Yong-Song , Kim Seong-Ju , Kim Ye-Rim , Park Jae-Seong Park , Kim Hyeong-Tae Kim , Kim Su-Il , Jang Yun-Deok
Published: February 2024

Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to hypoxia, it is necessary to provide adequate oxygen for correction of the cause. So, the purpose of this study was to compare the overall quality of CPR, willingness to perform ventilation using ventilation aids, and self-efficacy compared to the enlisted ventilation method (MMV) by educating the general public on pocket masks (MPV), which are respiratory aids. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled comparative study, in which 110 study subjects were listed with numbered names in the order in which they applied for training, and random numbers were named A (MMV method) and B (MPV method) in that order. Randomization generated a random number order using the SAS program, and the generated random numbers A and B were arranged from 1 to 110 in the order in which they applied for training, through this, they were classified into A groups (N = 57) and B groups (N = 53). The study subjects classified into Group A received CPR training including enlistment ventilation on April 22, 2023, and the trainees in Group B received CPR training using a ventilator on April 29, 2023. Results: The primary outcome is that the result of the comparison of ventilation quality is the mean Tidal Volume (TV) before training for MPV is 1076 ± 422, whereas the mean TV for MMV is 1015 ± 510 (p < 0.05). After training, the mean tidal volume (TV) for MPV is 876ml ± 422, whereas the mean TV for MMV is 1001 ± 516, indicating that MMV resulted in a significantly higher tidal volume than the ILCO guidelines. After training, comparing the time per ventilation cycle, the MPV group showed 0.923sec ± 0.432, while the MMV group showed 1.021sec ± 0.535 (p < 0.05). After completing two ventilations, it is evident that there is a delay in starting the next chest compression in the MMV group compared to the MPV group (MMV: 10.21 ± 4.112 vs. MPV: 9.88 ± 2.831, p < 0.05). Conclusion: As a result of this study, the researcher recommends adding training on pocket masks when educating artificial respiration in CPR training conducted in Korea, given that the performance accuracy of pocket masks is high and the efficient ventilation rate is high.