bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Terhadap Apoteker Yang Melakukan Kesalahan Pemberian Obat
Authors: Mohammad Diska Prananda
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn carrying out its business, pharmacists have servants or commonly referred to as officers or pharmacist assistants who are in charge of maintaining the business and providing drugs to consumers, in this case the pharmacist must also have a pharmaceutical background. But in practice, there are several cases of negligence in administering drugs. The purpose of this study is to analyze the errors related to drug administration by pharmacists that can be qualified as negligence and to analyze the pharmacist's responsibility in the event of medication errors. This research uses the type of legal research and uses a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results of this study are the occurrence of negligence by the pharmacist becomes the qualification of an act that can harm the patient as a consumer in the dignity of a pharmacist who has full responsibility for his actions because it involves a person's life. And the criminal responsibility attached to the pharmacist is (personal liability) or the responsibility attached to a person's individual.Keywords: Pharmacist; Negligence; Drug Administration; Responsibility.
AbstrakDalam menjalankan usahanya apoteker mempunyai pelayan atau biasa disebut sebagai petugas atau asisten apoteker yang bertugas menjaga usaha dan memberikan obat kepada konsumen, dalam hal ini petugas apotek tersebut juga harus memiliki latar belakang kefarmasian. Tetapi dalam praktiknya, ada beberapa kasus mengenai kelalaian dalam pemberian obat. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis berkaitan kesalahan pemberian obat oleh apoteker dapat dikualifikasi sebagai kelalaian dan menganalisis pertanggungjawaban apoteker apabila terjadi kesalahan pemberian obat. Penelitian ini menggunakan tipe penelitian legal research dan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terjadinya kelalaian oleh apoteker menjadi kualifikasi suatu perbuatan yang dapat merugikan pasien selaku konsumen pada marwahnya seorang apoteker memiliki tanggung jawab penuh akan perbuatannya karena menyangkut nyawa seseorang. Dan pertanggungjawaban pidana yang melekat pada apoteker adalah (personal liability) atau tanggungjawab yang melekat pada individu seseorang.Kata Kunci: Apoteker; Kelalaian; Pemberian Obat; Tanggung Jawab.
Weed Detection in Wheat Crop Using Image Analysis and Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Authors: Haq Syed Ijaz Ul , Tahir Muhammad Naveed
Published: October 2022

This study evaluated the using of machine vision in combination with deep learning to identify weeds in real-time for wheat production system. PMAS-Arid Agriculture university research farm were selected for collection of images (6000 total images) of weeds and wheat crops under different weather condition. During growing season, the database was constructed to identify the weeds. For this study two framework were used TensorFlow and PyTorch under CNNs and Deep learning. Deep learning perfromed better with in PyTourch value as compared to another model in Tensorflow. comparing with other networks such as YOLOv4, we concluded that our network reaches a better result between speed and accuracy. Specifically, the maximum precision of weed and wheat plants were 0.89 and 0.91 respectively with 9.43 ms and 12.38 ms inference time per image (640 × 640) NVIDIA RTX2070 GPU.
Protein Analysis of A. halleri and N. caerulescens Hyperaccumulators when Exposed to Nano and Ionic Forms of CD and Zn
Authors: Gallo Valentina , Serianni Valentina M. , Imperiale Davide , Zappettini Andrea , Villani Marco , Marmiroli Marta , Marmiroli Nelson
Published: October 2022

Hyperaccumulator plant species growing on metal-rich soils can accumulate high quantity of metals and metalloids in aerial tissues and several proteomic studies on the molecular mechanisms at the basis of metals resistance and hyperaccumulation have been published. Hyperaccumulator are also at the basis of phytoremediation strategy to remove more efficiently metals from polluted soils or water. Arabidopsis halleri and Noccea caerulescens are both hyperaccumulators of metals and nano-metals. In this study it was assessed the change in some proteins in A. halleri and N. caer-ulescens after the growth in soil with cadmium and zinc, provided as sulphate salts (CdSO4 and ZnSO4) or sulfide quantum dots (CdS QDs and ZnS QDs). The protein extracts obtained from plants after 30 days of growth were analyzed by 2D-gel electrophoresis (2D SDS-PAGE) and identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. A bioinformatics analysis was carried out on quantitative protein differences between control and treated plants. In total, 43 proteins resulted significatively modulated in A. halleri, while 61 resulted modulated in N. caerulescens. Though these two plants are hyperaccumulator of both metals and nano-metals, at protein levels the mechanisms involved do not proceed in the same way but at the end bring to a similar physiological result.
Simulating Soil-Plant-Climate Interactions and Greenhouse Gas Exchange in Boreal Grasslands using the DNDC Model.
Authors: Forster Daniel James , Deng Jia , Harrison Matthew Tom , Shurpali Narasinha
Published: October 2022

With global warming, arable land in boreal regions is tending to expand into high latitude regions in the northern hemisphere. This entails certain risks; such that inappropriate management could result in previously stable carbon sinks becoming sources. Agroecological models are an important tool for assessing the sustainability of long-term management, yet applications of such models in boreal zones are scarce. We collated eddy-covariance, soil climate and biomass data to evaluate the simulation of GHG emissions from grassland in eastern Finland using the process-based model DNDC. We simulated gross primary production (GPP), net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and ecosystem respiration (Reco) with fair performance. Soil climate, soil temperature and soil moisture at 5 cm were excellent, and soil moisture at 20 cm was good. However, the model overestimated NEE and Reco following crop termination and tillage events. These results indicate that DNDC can satisfactorily simulate GHG fluxes in a boreal grassland setting, but further work is needed, particularly in simulated second biomass cuts, the (>20 cm) soil layers and model response to management transitions between crop types, cultivation, and land use change.
Backstepping Control Design in Conjunction with an EKF-based Sensorless Field-Oriented Control of an IPMSM
Authors: Uyulan Caglar
Published: October 2022

The collector and brushless electronic commutation machines based on the working principle of the direct current machines have been widely used in industrial applications through the help of the developments in power electronics, microelectronics, permanent magnets, microprocessors&control, digital signal processing technologies, etc. Internal permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs) are used in increasing numbers due to their advantages such as high torque/current and torque/inertia, robust construction, high efficiency, reliability, etc. The problems brought by position sensors, especially in terms of application, performance, mass production, and cost, have made sensorless control a necessity in drive systems and applications.This paper presents a backstepping control method for speed sensorless IPMSM based on an extended Kalman filter (EKF). First, a comprehensive nonlinear dynamical model of the IPMSM in the direct and quadrature ( ) rotor frame is derived and its state-space representation is obtained. Then, the rotor speed and current tracking backstepping controllers are designed to achieve precise tracking and anti-disturbance performance. The designed controllers are embedded into the field-oriented control (FOC) scheme. The asymptotic stability condition for the backstepping controller is guaranteed through the Lyapunov stability theorem. Finally, An EKF is designed for estimating the immeasurable mechanical parameters of IPMSM and tracking the system states in a finite time with high steady-state precision. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is proved by conducting simulations having various dynamic operating conditions such as sudden torque load change, command speed change, and parameter variation.
PENGARUH KOMPENSASI, BEBAN KERJA, DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN
Authors: Syardiansah  , Maulana Rahman
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompensasi terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Socfindo, pengaruh beban kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Socfindo, pengaruh disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Socfindo dan pengaruh kompensasi, beban kerja dan disiplin kerja secara simultan terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Socfindo. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 103 orang. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penentuan jumlah sample adalah probability menggunakan simple random sampling, yang menggunakan rumus Slovin sehingga jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 83 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompensasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, beban kerja berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, disiplin kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, dan secara simultan kompensasi, beban kerja dan disiplin kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Socfindo Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang. Hasil uji koefisien determinasi menunjukkan bahwa sebesar 46,6% variabel kompensasi, beban kerja dan disiplin kerja dapat menjelaskan variabel kinerja karyawan.
POTENSI FITOBIOTIK BUAH MERAH (Pandanus conoideus) SEBAGAI PENGGANTI ANTIBIOTIC GROWTH PROMOTER (AGP) PADA PAKAN TERNAK
Authors: Herawati Maria , Timur Ni Putu Vidia Tiara , Syaefullah Bangkit Lutfiaji
Published: October 2022

Buah merah (Pandanus conoideus) adalah tanaman endemik asal Papua dan merupakan salah satu kekayaan plasma nutfah di Indonesia, keberadaannya memiliki arti penting bagi masyarakat Papua. Beberapa manfaat buah merah adalah sebagai makanan, obat herbal, minyak untuk dikonsumsi, pakan ternak dan selain itu daunnya dapat dijadikan kerajinan tangan seperti anyaman. Buah merah dapat digunakan sebagai fitobiotik karena memiliki kandungan yang dapat mengganti peran AGP (Antibiotic Growth Promoter) yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pakan dan produktivitas ternak. Berdasarkan beberapa penelitian terdahulu, pemberian fitobiotik dari buah merah mampu meningkatkan performans ternak (kualitas telur dan daging, bobot badan, konversi ransum), menurunkan mortalitas dan mempertahankan status kesehatan ternak, sehingga usaha menjadi lebih efisien dan menguntungkan. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari reviu ini adalah membahas potensi buah merah sebagai fitobiotik pengganti AGP pada pakan ternak
Short-term exposure of human minor salivary gland stem cells to hypergravity enhances stemness
Authors: Choi Jeong-Seok , Minh Tri Ho , Kim Jeong Mi , Choi Mi Eun , Jeon Eun Jeong , Park Jin-Mi , Kim Sungryeal , Kim Young Mo
Published: October 2022

Radiation therapy for head and neck cancer damages local stem cells and epithelial cells in salivary glands (SG), leading to irreversible SG dysfunction. Biological understanding of the responses of tissue-resident stem cells to gravity is required to develop therapeutic strategies for damaged tissue regeneration. In this study, we successfully isolated human minor salivary gland stem cells (huMSGSCs), which have high proliferation rates, express multiple stem markers, and can be differentiated into mesenchymal cell types. Cell proliferation, sphere-forming ability, stemness marker expressions, and epithelial differentiation potentials were checked after exposing huMSGSCs short-term to hypergravity (HyperG) or microgravity (MicroG). Proliferation after exposure to HyperG (40 G ) was greater than exposure to 1G, but no difference was observed between MicroG (10− 3 G) and 1G. Numbers of large spheres were significantly higher post-HyperG and lower post-MicroG than at 1G, whereas numbers of small spheres were significantly lower post-HyperG and higher post-MicroG. The expressions of stemness markers (CD90, LGR5, CD29, and CD24) and junction markers (ZO-1 and ZO-2) were increased post-HyperG. Furthermore, increases in PAS staining and the gene expressions of albumin and CK19 confirmed that HyperG enhances the epithelial differentiation potential of huMSGSCs. This study shows that cultivating huMSGSCs under HyperG conditions enhances stemness and that a gravity control system could be applied to modulate huMSGSC functions.
The promoters of OsGLP genes exhibited differentially methylated sites under drought and salt stress in rice cultivars
Authors: Anum Jazba , O’Shea Charlotte , Skriver Karen , Saeed Muhammad , Hyder Muhammad Zeeshan , Farrukh Sumaira , Yasmin Tayyaba
Published: October 2022

DNA methylation at cytosine residues governs the regulation of stress responsive genes in plants to generate response against various environmental abiotic stress conditions. Here, we analyzed the epigenetic consequences of drought and salinity on cytosine methylation dynamics of promoter regions of stress responsive Germin-like protein (GLP) genes in rice (Oryza sativa). The bisulfite sequencing technique was employed to identify differential methylation status at cytosine residues in selected promoter region of three OsGLP genes (OsGLP4-1, OsGLP8-10 and OsGLP8-12) in leaves and roots of two elite Indica rice cultivars (tolerant KS282 and sensitive Super Basmati) under drought and salt stress. Our results identified cultivar, tissue and stress-dependent differentially methylated cytosine residues, however, the extent of methylation was found to be different depending upon CGN, CHG and CHH sequence contexts. Among all three OsGLP genes, promoter region of OsGLP8-12 was observed with most methylated and differentially methylated sites depending upon a particular variety, tissue or stress condition whereas no methylated sites were observed in promoter region of OsGLP4-1 in all samples. Moreover, in promoter regions of OsGLP8-10 and OsGLP8-12, several differentially methylated sites in response to stress treatments were identified either near or within cis-regulatory elements (CREs) involved in gene regulation or abiotic stress response indicating the association between promoter methylation and regulation of OsGLP genes under drought and salinity. This study provides insights to argue that altered methylation status of specific cytosine residues in the promoter regions of OsGLP genes can be a key regulatory mechanism associated with their regulation under abiotic stresses in contrasting rice cultivars.
Increasing Transparency in Machine Learning through Bootstrap Simulation and Shapely Additive Explanations
Authors: Huang Alexander , Huang Samuel
Published: October 2022

Importance: Machine learning methods are widely used within the medical field. However, the reliability and efficacy of these models is difficult to assess. We assessed whether variance calculations of model metrics (e.g., AUROC, Sensitivity, Specificity) through bootstrap simulation and SHapely Additive exPlanations (SHAP) could increase model transparency. Methods Data from the England National Health Services Heart Disease Prediction Cohort was used. XGBoost was used as the machine-learning model of choice in this study. Boost-strap simulation (N = 10,000) was used to empirically derive the distribution of model metrics and covariate Gain statistics. SHapely Additive exPlanations (SHAP) to provide explanations to machine-learning output and simulation to evaluate the variance of model accuracy metrics. Result Among 10,000 simulations completed, we observed that the AUROC ranged from 0.771 to 0.947, a difference of 0.176, the balanced accuracy ranged from 0.688 to 0.894, a 0.205 difference, the sensitivity ranged from 0.632 to 0.939, a 0.307 difference, and the specificity ranged from 0.595 to 0.944, a 0.394 difference. Among 10,000 simulations completed, we observed that the gain for Angina ranged from 0.225 to 0.456, a difference of 0.231, for Cholesterol ranged from 0.148 to 0.326, a difference of 0.178, the MaxHR ranged from 0.081 to 0.200, a range of 0.119, and for Age ranged from 0.059 to 0.157, difference of 0.098. Conclusion Use of simulations to empirically evaluate the variance of model metrics and explanatory algorithms to observe if covariates match the literature are necessary for increased transparency, reliability, and utility of machine learning methods.
Effect of a Multidisciplinary Nutrition Management Model in Patients with Critical Illness: A randomized trial
Authors: sun shunxia , Yang Jin , Tang Xiaoling , Huang Juan , Liu Yi
Published: October 2022

This trial quantified the effects of the standardized process of multidisciplinary nutrition management oncritically ill patients. One hundred thirty-two patients in the ICU were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. A routine nutrition management mode was implemented in the control group, and a multidisciplinary nutrition management mode was adopted in the experimental group. The early nutritional support rates of the experimental group and the control group were 89.39% and 69.7% (P=0.031, P<0.05). Serum albumin (35.4 vs. 33.1 g/L), preprotein (153.2 vs. 125.9 mg/L), and haemoglobin (97.5 vs. 90.6 g/L) in the experimental group were significantly higher than in the control group (P=0.000, 0.016, 0.033, P < 0.05). The days of hospitalization in the ICU of the experimental group were shorter than in the control group (5.2 vs. 7.1, P=0.039, P < 0.05). The difference of hs-CRP, the days of mechanical ventilation, and ICU hospitalization expenses between two groupswerenot statistically significant (P=0.713, 0.068, 0.489, P>0.05). The multidisciplinary nutrition management standardized process for critically ill patients that was constructed in this study can effectively improve nutritional indexes, shorten the length of stay in the ICU, and promote the rehabilitation of patients.
Baseline study on microplastics distribution, polymer composition, size, and shape in the Korean Southwest Sea
Authors: Min Byeongkyu , Jeong Huiho , Ko Uni , Dae Keumhyang , Ju Mijo , Kim Hyunjung , Cho Chonrae , Soh HoYoung , cho hyeon seo
Published: October 2022

The microplastics in the surface seawater at 23 fixed points in the southwestern waters of Jeju Island were analyzed to conduct a study on the distribution characteristics of microplastics. The abundance of microplastics was shown to be 0.17 ~ 1.37 (average 0.46) n/L, the materials were mainly PP and PE, and the shape of fragments was dominant in the 0.02–0.3 mm group in terms of sizes and shapes. Alkyd and polyester were dominant in the shape of fibers in the 1.0–5.0 mm group. The correlations between the abundance of microplastics, water temperatures, and salinity were compared and as a result, water temperatures, PE, and the 0.02–0.3 mm size group, and the shape of fragments showed negative correlations. Therefore, it is judged that the for PE, which are in the form of 0.02 ~ 0.3 mm fragments to flow into the study area through the Yellow Sea coastal current and the Korean coastal current that show tendencies of relatively low water temperatures. However, since salinity and PP and polyester showed positive correlations, it is judged the possibility for polyester, which are in the form of 1.0 ~ 5.0 mm fibers, to flow into the study area through the Taiwan warm current and Tsushima warm current. In conclusion, it could be judged that in the complex open waters where continental and oceanic waters intersect, the sources of inflow may be different depending on the components of microplastics.
How urbanization affects residents' health risks: evidence from China
Authors: Wang Feng , Liu Siyu , Chen Tian , Bai Xiaoxuan , Zhang Yifan , Zhang Hao
Published: October 2022

To deeply understand the relationship between urbanization and residents’ health risks, it is significant to continue promoting urbanization. Applying regression analysis of Chinese provincial-level panel data from 2004 to 2019, this study explores the nonlinear relationship and regional differences between urbanization and residents’ health risks by using STIRPAT model from two dimensions of the average number of residents’ visits and population mortality. The results show that: (1) on the whole, there is an N-shaped curve relationship between urbanization and the average number of residents’ visits, and there is a U-shaped curve relationship between urbanization and population mortality. (2) In terms of sub-regions, urbanization has an N-shaped curve relationship with the average number of residents’ visits in eastern, central and western regions, while urbanization has an inverted N-shaped curve relationship with population mortality in eastern region, there is no significant trend between urbanization and population mortality in the central and western regions. (3) In areas with high level of infrastructure, urbanization has significant effects on residents’ health risks, while in areas with low level of infrastructure, urbanization has no significant effect on residents’ health risks. Finally, according to the conclusions, some suggestions are put forward, such as building new-type urbanization, perfecting infrastructure, building green urbanization and promoting national fitness program.
Continuous advance in the onset of vegetation green-up in the Northern Hemisphere, during hiatuses in spring warming
Authors: Shen Miaogen , JIANG Nan , Chen Jin , Yang Wei , Zhu Xiaolin , Wang Xufeng , Peñuelas Josep
Published: October 2022

Previous studies have documented substantial advancing trends in the onset date of vegetation green-up (VGD) during the 1980s and 1990s over the Northern Hemisphere, while later studies based on data from the spaceborne Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) have reported this trend stalled during the warming hiatus from the late 1990s to early 2010s. However, there is uncertainty in this finding of a hiatus in VGD advance due to the identification of quality issues associated with the data from AVHRR. Using the high-quality data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, we show VGD significantly advanced despite the warming hiatus due to high sensitivity of VGD to temperature and the magnitude of VGD advance over 2000–2021 (2.5 days decade− 1, P < 0.01) is close to that over 1982–1999 or 1982–2002 with intensive warming, which suggests caution be exercised in the inference of climate warming based on advances in spring phenology.
North-West Europe hottest summer temperatures rising much faster than the mean
Authors: Patterson Matthew
Published: October 2022

Europe has seen a rapid increase in the frequency and intensity of hot extremes in recent decades. In this study it is shown, using ERA5 reanalysis data 1960-2021, that the hottest summer days in North-West Europe are warming faster than the mean summer day. The magnitude of the difference in maximum and mean temperature trends cannot be explained by natural variability alone. Worryingly, this trend difference is not captured by comprehensive climate models. The dynamics of conditions leading up to the hottest days are investigated using lagged composite analysis. It is suggested that the difference in maximum and mean trends can be explained by a differential rate of warming between subtropical and mid-latitudes. That is, hot extremes over North-West Europe are often driven by advection of warm air from further south. Subtropical latitudes are warming faster than the mid-latitudes, hence the difference in temperature between ambient mid-latitude air and air advected from lower latitudes, is increasing. These findings suggest that North-West Europe will continue to experience ever more extreme summer temperatures and the findings provide motivation for further research into understanding differences between North Atlantic temperature / circulation trends in models and observations.
Single-cell transcriptomics and deep tissue proteomics reveal distinct tumour microenvironment present in stage-I and II cervical cancer
Authors: Liu Xiaosong , Ni Guoying , Zhang Pingping , Li Hejie , Li Junjie , Sebold Bernardo Cavallazzi , Wu Xiaolian , Chen Guoqiang , Yuan Songhua , Wang Tianfang
Published: October 2022

Background
Cervical cancer (CC) is the 3rd most common cancer in women and the 4th leading cause of deaths in gynaecological malignancies, yet the exact progression of CC is inconclusive, mainly due to the high complexity the changing tumour microenvironment (TME) at different stages of tumorigenesis. Importantly, a detailed comparative single-cell transcriptomic analysis of tumour microenvironment (TME) of CC patients at different stages is lacking.
Methods
In this study, a total of 42,928 and 29,200 cells isolated from the tumour tissues of stage-I and II CC patients and subjected to single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis. The cell heterogeneity and functions were comparatively investigated using bioinformatic tools. In addition, label-free quantitative mass spectrometry based proteomic analysis was carried out. The proteome profiles of stage-I and II CC patients were compared, and an integrative analysis with the scRNA-seq was performed.
Results
Compared with the stage-I CC (CCI) patients, the immune response relevant signalling pathways were largely suppressed in various immune cells of the stage-II CC (CCII) patients, yet the signalling associated with cell and tissue development was enriched, as well as metabolism for energy production suggested by the upregulation of genes associated with mitochondria. This was consistent with the quantitative proteomic analysis that showed dominance of proteins promoting cell growth and intercellular matrix development in the TME of CCII group. The interferon-α and γ response appeared the most activated pathways in many cell populations of the CCI patients. Several collagens, such as COL12A1, COL5A1, COL4A1 and COL4A2, were found significantly upregulated in the CCII group, suggesting their roles for diagnosing CC progression. A novel transcript AC244205.1 was detected as the most upregulated gene in CCII patients, and its possible mechanistic role CC may be investigated further.
Conclusions
Our study provides important resources for decoding the progression of CC and set the foundation for developing novel approaches for diagnosing CC and tackling the immunosuppressive TME.
Loneliness and depressive symptoms and the influence of social support and self-esteem among men who have sex with men in China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Yuhan , Yang Yuting , Fu Chaowei , Lin Haijiang , Wang Tingting , Wang Shanling , Kuang Jiawen , Chen Xiaoxiao , Wang Jingyi
Published: October 2022

Background
While psychosocial problems and their related factors in men who have sex with men (MSM) have been well documented in developed countries, there are still not many studies addressing this issue in China and the results are inconsistent. To describe loneliness and depression among Chinese MSM populations and explore their associated factors, a cross-sectional study was conducted among 655 MSM in Taizhou of Zhejiang Province between April and November, 2021.
Methods
Sociodemographic and psychosocial data were collected, as well as information on risky sexual behaviors. Bivariate logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations between independent variables and outcomes of loneliness and depression. To assess moderating effects of the factors in the multivariable models for loneliness, interactions between independent variables and depressive symptoms were tested.
Results
Of the MSM sample, 13.28% and 7.48% perceived loneliness and reported moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms. We found that participants who perceived loneliness were more likely to have younger age (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.21, 0.93, 15–32 years as reference group), low social support (OR 3.60, 95% CI 2.14, 6.04), low self-esteem (OR 3.03, 95% CI 1.45, 6.32) and depressive symptoms (OR 5.45, 95% CI 2.66, 11.15). The participants with moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms were more likely to have low self-esteem (OR 6.78, 95% CI 3.08, 14.95) and feelings of loneliness (OR 5.51, 95% CI 2.66, 11.40). The MSM who were young, not married, and had low self-esteem were especially vulnerable to the impact of depressive symptoms on loneliness.
Conclusions
In China, it is significant to implement intervention programs addressing loneliness and negative emotions for MSM, increase community social support, and destigmatize homosexuality.
Fuel characteristics and removal of AAEMs in hydrochars derived from sewage sludge and corn straw
Authors: Guo Shuai , Liu Zhaoyuan , Zhao Deng , Chen Kaixin , Zhao Chenchen , Li Xingcan , Li Guangyu
Published: October 2022

Co-hydrothermal carbonization (Co-HTC) of sewage sludge (SS) and corn straw (CS) for fuel preparation is a waste treatment method that reduces the pre-treatment cost of solid waste and biomass fuel. Based on the response surface methodology (RSM), a test was designed to prepare SS and CS hydrochars using a hydrothermal high-pressure reactor. The test examined the higher heating value (HHV) and the concentrations of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) and Cl. The HHV of SS-hydrochar decreased with an increase in reaction temperature, but that of CS-hydrochar increased. The yield of CS-hydrochar was substantially lower than that of SS-hydrochar. Co-hydrochar has the advantages of HHV and acceptable yield. In addition, the stabilities of AAEM and Cl in the co-hydrochar were Mg > Ca > K > Na > Cl. SS and CS had a synergistic effect on dechlorination efficiency (DE), which had a negative effect on the removal efficiency (RE) of Ca and Na. The optimal hydrocharization conditions were a temperature of approximately 246.14°C, a residence time of approximately 90 min, and a mixing ratio of SS–CS of approximately 57.18%. Considering the decreasing abundance of fossil fuels, this study offers a way to utilize SS and CS and convert them into fuel.
Publication rates and quality assessment of abstracts presented at National Education Congresses and Symposia between 2010 and 2014
Authors: Sarı Elif , Chatzioglou Gkionoul Nteli , Aydin Çiğdem Yılmaz , Sarı Ferhat , Tokat Taşkın , Gürses İlke Ali
Published: October 2022

The conversion of a study to publishing in international peer-reviewed journals demonstrates both the study's quality and the congress's scientific level. The paper quality scales have been shown to be effective in converting a work presented as a paper into a publication. Abstracts presented at national medical education congresses and symposiums between 2010 and 2014, when the 5-year period required for publication had expired, were reviewed. The papers were assessed using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI) scale. In international and national peer-reviewed journals, 11.3% (n=51) of all articles were published. The publication rate was 26.6% for oral presentations and 8.1% for poster presentations. Oral presentations had a statistically higher publication rate than poster presentations (p=.000). Of the reports, 85.9% included single-group cross-sectional studies, 7.5% included pre-post-test design studies, and 5.7% included a comparison group. 0.6% were randomized trials. 84.1% of the studies were conducted in a single institution and 15.8% of them included objective data. In 93.9 % of the studies, satisfaction, perception, or opinion outcomes were provided, while knowledge-skill results were examined in 5.7%. For all reports, the lowest MERSQI score was 5 and the highest was 15.5. The mean MERSQI score for poster presentations was 7.61±2.6, for oral presentations it was 8.28±2.46, and for all articles, it was 7.73±2.59.The oral presentations had higher MERSQI mean ratings (p=.032) than poster presentations. The MERSQI mean score of the published papers was 10.07±2.74, and the MERSQI mean score of the unpublished papers was 7.43±2.41 (p=.000).
Diet and Nutritional Status of Tribal’s in North Western Part of Nashik District, Maharashtra (India): Using GIS Techniques
Authors: Wetal Jagadish D. , Suryawanshi Dnyaneshwar. S. , Suryawanshi Madan V. , Patil Vivekanand D. , Bhore Chatragun , Awhad Abhijit A.
Published: October 2022

Background: An individual's health is largely determined by nutrition, and nutrition is determined by diet, which consists of a variety of food items. As a result, eating a well-balanced and healthy diet is the single most significant element in achieving and maintaining good. The health of an individual depends to a large extent on nutrition and nutrition depends on diet, which consists of various articles of food. Hence balanced and nutritious food is the most important single factor in connection with the attainment and maintenance of health.
Objective: 1) To study Nutritional deficiency disorders among the tribal population. 2) To study the composite nutritional value as per the given Weightage. 3) To examine the pattern of diet and nutrition and their availability and intake in study regions.
Methods: Statistical and cartographic techniques have been used for the research work to precise conclusions. Per head per day availability foodstuff stuffs like, cereals, pulses, milk, vegetable,s etc. has beefindingnd out and shown through PHC wise isopleths maps. PPHC-whisper head per day consumption has been calculated through the sample village survey. A total of 115 villages are chosen, and 23 villages from the list of ITDP villages have randomly chosen in each tehsil. By using a probability proportional to the size of the various tribes, a total of 10 households (HHs) from each chosen village have been covered.
Result: The cumulative nutritional values of cereals are derived from the total of all weight ages measured so far. The composite nutrient values for cereals were 14.72 in Peint tehsil. This method was used to quantify the composite nutrient value for pulses, edible oil, milk, vegetables, and fruits. The cumulative composite value of Peint tehsil was 67.22 when the composite nutrition values were added together. The table shows the cumulative composite nutrition values measured on a tehsil-by-tehsil basis.
Conclusion: The indigenous inhabitants of the study region eat jowar, maize, wheat, and bajara as their major foods. Despite the fact that the terrain is conducive to rice farming, they still consume rice on occasion. Pulses are a staple of indigenous people's diets, which they consume on a daily basis. However, they consume very little fat-containing foods such as oil and milk in their regular diet. Similarly, just a small percentage of households include fruits and vegetables in their daily diet. These people are unable to acquire such expensive items due to their poverty. The general nutritional status is measured by computing composite nutrition values. For the entire region, the average composite nutrition value is 74.81.
An immune evasion molecular subgroup predicts prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: lu xu , zhang huanle , zhang zheng , li zhanpeng , du menghua , chen bin
Published: October 2022

The formation and propagation of lung cancer are closely linked to immunoevasion (IEV). However, few studies have examined IEV-related genes to predict prognoses. Thus, Using the Lasso Cox regression models, we created the IEV-related gene signature (IEVSig) comprising six prognostic IEV-related genes (AHSA1, TNFRSF1A, FADD, CEP55, VDAC2, EMC6) based on The Cancer Genome Atlas databases and then validated by the Gene Expression Omnibus database. According to our findings, IEVSig is an independent prognostic factor. Patients with a higher IEVSig have shorter overall survival. Further, Assessments were conducted using multivariate Cox regression, nomogram, and Kaplan-Meier analysis. The areas under the ROC curve of GEO and TCGA databases at 1, 3, and 5 years are 0.63, 0.60, and 0.55, and 0.67, 0.65, and 0.66, respectively. In addition, the correlations between the IEVSig and the immune score were analyzed with Spearman. Furthermore, Gene ontology (GO) analyses indicated that IEVSig was enriched in death-inducing signaling. moreover, we evaluated the genomic alteration and somatic mutation status between patients with high and low IVESig in the TCGA-LUAD cohort. We noted distinct somatic mutation profiles among these subtypes Despite TP53, TTN, and MUC16 being the most frequent mutation, the relative frequencies varied among different subtypes. As a result, LUAD patients with an IEV-related prognostic signature were identified and the prediction marker can be used to offer insight into therapeutic approaches.
A Cross-Sectional Study of Relationships between Social Risks and Prevalence and Severity of Pediatric Chronic Conditions
Authors: Messmer Emily , Brochier Annelise , Wexler Mikayla Gordon , Rogers Stephen , Cottrell Erika K. , Tripodis Yorghos , Garg Arvin
Published: October 2022

Background: To examine the differential relationships between seven social risk factors (individually and cumulatively) with the prevalence and severity of asthma, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and overweight/obesity in children.
Methods: Using the 2017-2018 National Survey of Children's Health, we examined associations between social risk factors (caregiver education, caregiver underemployment, discrimination, food insecurity, insurance coverage, neighborhood support, and neighborhood safety) and the prevalence and severity of asthma, ADHD, ASD, and overweight/obesity. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess the relationship between individual and cumulative risk factors with each pediatric chronic condition, controlling for child sex and age.
Results: Although each social risk factor was significantly associated with increased prevalence and/or severity of at least one of the pediatric chronic conditions we investigated, food insecurity was significantly associated with higher disease prevalence and severity for all four conditions. Caregiver underemployment, low social support, and discrimination were significantly associated with higher disease prevalence across all conditions. For each additional social risk factor a child was exposed to, their odds of having each condition increased: overweight/obesity (aOR: 1.2, 95% CI: [1.2, 1.3]), asthma (aOR: 1.3, 95% CI: [1.2, 1.3], ADHD (aOR: 1.2, 95% CI: [1.2, 1.3]), and ASD (aOR: 1.4, 95% CI: [1.3, 1.5]).
Conclusions: This study elucidates differential relationships between several social risk factors and the prevalence and severity of common pediatric chronic conditions. While more research is needed, our results suggest that social risks, particularly food insecurity, are potential factors in the development of pediatric chronic conditions.
Application of SWSRA-DS Algorithm in Improving the Model Transfer for Near Infrared Analysis of Pulpwood Holocellulose
Authors: Wang Honghong , Xiong Zhixin , Hu Yunchao , Liu Zhijian , Wang Ying , Huang Haoran , Liang Long
Published: October 2022

The SWSRA-DS combined algorithm was proposed with the goal of sharing the NIR analysis model of the holocellulose content of pulpwood on three different types of spectroscopic instruments. That was, the Screening wavelengths based on spectrum ratio analysis (SWSRA) algorithm was used to select the wavelengths with good stability and consistency. These important wavelength variables, which were insensitive to the measured sample parameters, can reduce the differences in sample information response by different instruments or measurement conditions. Then the systematic errors that still existed after the SWSRA method calibration were further calibrated using the Direct Standardization (DS) method on the basis of these wavelengths. This combined algorithm can improve the generalizability of the master model, reduce the spectrum matrix dimension, and make the model transfer more stabilized and simply. The results show that the SWSRA-DS combined algorithm was able to reduce the RMSEP of the master model to predict the holocellulose content of samples measured on the target 1 and target 2 instruments from 2.0114 and 9.4518 to 0.9641 and 1.0798, respectively. This result was compared with the calibration results of SWSRA and DS alone and the commonly used PDS and S/B model transfer algorithms to transfer performance was significantly improved, which provides a new idea for the sharing of NIR analysis models among different types of spectroscopic instruments.
Electrically reconfigurable optical color filters using heterogeneous chiral liquid crystals
Authors: Choi Su Seok , Wang Dahee , Nam Seungmin , Jung Wontae
Published: October 2022

Optical signals necessitate using optical filters that selectively transmit light with the desired wavelength information. In visual imaging-related optical devices, a color filter acts as an optical wavelength selector to extract the certain color information from the incident light. To overcome the optical limitations of the conventionally commercialized pigmented color filters, such as low efficiency and low color purity, biomimetic structural color filters have recently attracted significant interest. Chiral liquid crystals form a self-organized periodic helical nanostructure and the implemented structural color can be tunable. However, most of chiral liquid crystal color and control of filtered color wavelength have been limited to the reflection rather than optically transmissive color filters. This study proposes an electrically tunable color filter using a heterogeneous chiral liquid crystal structure whose transmissive light can be tuned among different colors (red, green, and blue) with extremely small voltages not exceeding 1.2 V for the first time to the best of our knowledge. To obtain electrical controllability of transmissive colors, electrothermal tuning of chiral liquid crystals is approached. Moreover, analog pixel binning with a heterogeneous chiral liquid crystal color filter in a tetra-layout is investigated. Dynamic and direct binning of the color filter could relieve the quality degradation of the captured images under low-light illumination in image sensors and higher image resolutions. Considering the highly desired requirement of low driving voltage in practical devices, the tunable heterogeneous CLC color filter proposed in this study is expected to facilitate the advancement of future electro-optical color filter applications.
Non-Intrusive Speech Quality Assessment withAttention-based ResNet-BiLSTM
Authors: Shen Kailai , Yan Diqun , Ye Zhe , Xu Xianbo , Gao JinXing , Dong Li , Peng Chengbin , Yang Kun
Published: October 2022

Speech quality is frequently affected by a variety factors in online conferencing applications, such as background noise, reverberation, packet loss, network jitter and so on. In real scenarios, it is impossible to obtain a clean reference signal to evaluating the quality of the conferencing speech. Therefore, an effective non-intrusive speech quality (NISQA) method is necessary. In this paper, we propose a new network framework for NISQA based on ResNet and BiLSTM. ResNet is utlized to extract local features, while BiLSTM is used to integrate representative features with long-term time dependencies and sequential characteristics. Considering that ResNet may result in the loss of context information when applied to the NISQA task, we propose a variant of ResNet which can preserve the time series information of the conferencing speech. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method has a high correlation with the mean opinion score (MOS) of clean, noisy and processed speech.
Was the Extremely Wet Spring of 2022 in Southwest China Driven by La Niña?
Authors: Liu Yunyun , Li Duo , Hu Zeng-Zhen , Wu Renguang
Published: October 2022

In the spring of 2022, an excessive amount of rainfall fell in Southwest China (SWC) under the background of frequent droughts in history. This extreme event occurred in the decaying phase of a second-year of a double/triple dip La Nina event, and thus, presumably La Niña played a role in this extreme event. In this work, based on observational diagnoses and model forecasts, we examine the atmospheric circulation anomalies, contributions of external forcing, and the predictability of this event. It is suggested that La Niña and the upper-tropospheric warming over the Tibetan Plateau are two major factors leading to the extreme event. In addition to the recognized impact of La Niña, the upper-tropospheric warming over the Tibetan Plateau modulates the Asian atmospheric circulation by inducing a northwest-southeast wave pattern extending from the Ural Mountains to the Indochina Peninsula via the western Tibetan Plateau. The meridional heat contrast with the upper tropospheric warming over the Tibetan Plateau favors upward motion and excessive rainfall in SWC. The connection between the SWC spring rainfall anomaly and the northwest-southeast wave pattern is confirmed by a climate model forecast. The model captured the wet pattern in SWC in spring 2022 in short (1–3 months) lead real-time predictions though there are biases in the area and severity probably due to that the model did not well capture the atmospheric circulation anomalies at the middle and high latitudes associated with the upper-tropospheric warming over the Tibetan Plateau. These results indicate that such an event is predictable to some extent if both the ENSO evolution and heat condition over the Tibetan Plateau can be well captured.
Synthesis of Solketal from glycerol catalyzed by spherical γ-Al 2 O 3 supported FeCl 3
Authors: Zhang Tiantian , Liao Shan , Xin Xiulan , Liu Hongqin , Yu Yang , Xu Baocai
Published: October 2022

The porous spherical alumina (γ-Al2O3) as catalyst support was prepared by sol-gel method, and FeCl3/γ-Al2O3 materials were prepared by impregnation method. The FeCl3/γ-Al2O3 materials were used as catalyst in the Solketal production process by acetalization of acetone and glycerol, showing considerable catalytic performance. When the molar ratio of glycerol and acetone was 1:10, 0.2 mol% FeCl3/γ-Al2O3 was used as the catalyst, and the reaction was carried out at 25°C for 30 min, the conversion of glycerol was 99.89%, the selectivity of Solketal was 98.36%, and the yield of Solketal reached 98.25%. The mechanism is due to the spherical γ-Al2O3 support has high thermal stability, large specific surface area, and rich pore structure, encouraging abundant active sites and high catalytic activity of FeCl3 for the acetalization reaction. Thereafter, the experimental results prove that the prepared FeCl3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst can be easily recovered and reused many times, indicating its great value for large-scale research and application in the future.
Recycling waste polymer packaging materials as an effective active carbon porous materials for uranium removal from commercial phosphoric acid
Authors: Ibrahim Saber , Masoud Ahmed M. , El-Maadawy M. M. , Fahmy Hager , Taha Mohamed
Published: October 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.