bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Locally-delivered antibiotics used as adjunctive therapy in periodontitis treatment
Authors:   PhD student at the Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Mastica Vlad-Stefan , Roman Alexandra ,   Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Ciurea Andreea ,   Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Onet Diana ,   Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Stanomir Alina ,   Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Picos Andrei ,   Discipline of Prevention, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Soanca Andrada ,   Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Published: August 2023

Periodontitis is a major public health concern because of its high prevalence and due to the significant impact on the masticatory function and aesthetics. Periodontitis can cause social inequality and greatly reduce quality of life. If a proper periodontal treatment is implemented, effective personal plaque management, and a thorough supportive phase, the majority of patients with periodontitis can preserve their natural teeth for an extended period of time. The subgingival mechanical instrumentation is the gold standard of periodontitis treatment and it determines a significant change in the subgingival microbiota. Due to the fact that in some clinical situations subgingival instrumentation is not totally efficient different locally delivered antibiotics can be used as adjunctive therapies to periodontitis treatment. The present article aims to provide information with respect to some locally delivered antibiotics used as adjunctive therapy in periodontitis treatment.
Quality of life in cancer patients – A systematic review
Authors:   Clinic of Hematology, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Pristina, Kosovo, Ejupi Vlora , Gori Nexhmije ,   Clinic of Neonatology, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Pristina, Kosovo, Gashi Astrit M. ,   Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Clinical Centre of Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo
Published: August 2023

Background. Cancer is a significant health problem worldwide. Globally, cancer is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality and this is predicted to increase by at least 70% by 2030. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the state of the scientific evidence regarding the quality of life in patients. with cancer. Methods. The literature was searched in the Scopus, Web of Science and Pub Med databases, the literature related to the quality of life in cancer patients. Keywords are combined with Boolean operators (AND/OR). There are sixty studies were included in the current review. Results. The social and physical domains were the most endangered, while the environment was the most preserved. Comparison between scores showed a significant difference only in terms of self-rated health. The highest scores were found in the group with the best assessment of their health. The results suggest that self-rated health can be a reliable predictor of quality of life in these patients, being important for further studies on this topic. Discussion. The findings of this review indicate low QoL among cancer patients on anticancer therapy. Functional well-being was most affected among cancer patients, followed by emotional well-being among cancer patients on cancer therapy. From our study, it was found that the overall quality of life of the patients was influenced by the education and professional status of the patient. Unemployed and illiterate patients have worse QoL than employed and educated patients.
QUANTITATIVE INVESTMENT DECISIONS BASED ON MACHINE LEARNING AND INVESTOR ATTENTION ANALYSIS
Authors: Gao Jie , Mao Yunshu , Xu Zeshui , Luo Qianlin
Published: August 2023

According to the trading rules and financial data structure of the stock index futures market, and considering the impact of major emergencies, we intend to build a quantitative investment decision-making model based on machine learning. We first adopt the Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (CEEMDAN) signal decomposition technology to separate the short-term noise, cycle transformation and long-term trend from the original series, and use the CSI 500 Baidu index series to reflect the investors’ attention, which provides data support for establishing a more effective forecasting model. Then, the CEEMDANBP neural network model is designed based on the obtained effective information of low-frequency trend series, investor attention index and CSI 500 stock index futures market transaction data. Finally, an Attention-based Dual Thrust quantitative trading strategy is proposed and optimized. The optimized Attention-based Dual Thrust strategy solves the core problem of breakout interval determination, effectively avoids the risk of subjective selection, and can meet investors’ different risk preferences. The quantitative investment decision-making model based on CEEMDAN-BP neural network utilizes the advantages of different algorithms, avoids some defects of a single algorithm, and can make corresponding adjustments according to changes in investors’ attention and the occurrence of emergencies. The results show that considering investor attention can not only improve the predictive ability of the model, but also reduce the cognitive bias of the market, effectively control risks and obtain higher returns.
DOES INCOME INEQUALITY AFFECT GREEN INNOVATION? A NON-LINEAR EVIDENCE
Authors: Zou Xing-Yun , Peng Xin-Yu , Zhao Xin-Xin , Ma Jie , Chang Chun-Ping
Published: August 2023

It is crucial for the advancement of political economics and innovation economics to examine the relationship between income inequality and green innovation (GI). Using the panel fixed effect model, this study investigates the influence of income inequality on GI across 97 countries from 1991 to 2018 and demonstrates a significant non-linear association between the two. The empirical data exhibit an inverted U-shape relationship, suggesting that there is an optimal degree of income inequality that optimizes GI output, and the inflection point of our overall sample is at a Gini coefficient of 0.366. Additionally, we choose a set of robustness tests to validate the results by substituting explained variables, adding omitted variables, and employing the difference and system generalized method of moments (GMM) estimations. Moreover, heterogeneity analysis reveals that the non-linear patterns vary among samples, with the U-shape relationship being more significant in countries with lower income, higher corruption, and weaker government effectiveness. Our findings provide government decision-makers with a crucial reference for maximizing the importance of income distribution in fostering GI and achieving sustainable development.
Galaxy Quenching with Mass Growth History of Galaxy Groups and Clusters: The Importance of Post-processing
Authors: Park So-Myoung , Chun Kyungwon , Shin Jihye , Jeong Hyunjin , Lee Joon Hyeop , Pak Mina , Smith Rory , Kim Jae-Woo
Published: August 2023

We investigate the fraction of quenched satellite galaxies in host galaxy groups and clusters using TNG300 in the IllustrisTNG cosmological magnetohydrodynamical simulations. The simulations show that most satellites are quenched after they fall into their final hosts, and that post-processing is a more dominant mechanism of galaxy quenching than pre-processing. We find that the fraction of quenched satellites at z = 0 increases with host mass, which implies that more massive hosts have higher quenching efficiency because they have more massive groups infalling. Furthermore, we find that hosts that have many early-infall satellites show a higher fraction of quenched satellites at z = 0 than those that have many late-infall satellites, which results in a scatter of the quenched fraction of satellites in a given mass range of hosts at z = 0. Our results highlight the significance of the mass of hosts and the different infall times of satellites in understanding galaxy quenching.
Testing Physical Scenarios for the Reflection Features of Type-1 AGNs using XMM-Newton and NuSTAR Simultaneous Observations
Authors: Victoria-Ceballos César Ivan , González-Martín Omaira , Masegosa Josefa , Longinotti Anna Lia , Esparza-Arredondo Donaji , Osorio-Clavijo Natalia
Published: August 2023

Above ∼3 keV, the X-ray spectrum of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is characterized by the intrinsic continuum and Compton reflection features. For type-1 AGNs, several regions may contribute to the reflection. To investigate the nature of the reflecting medium, we perform a systematic analysis of the reflector using XMM-Newton and Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array observations of a sample of 22 type-1 AGNs. We create a baseline model that includes Galactic absorption and an intrinsically absorbed power law, plus a reflection model. We test a set of nine reflection models in a subsample of five objects. Based on these results, we select three models to be tested on the entire sample, accounting for distinct physical scenarios: neutral/distant reflection, ionized/relativistic reflection, and neutral/distant+ionized/relativistic reflection, namely, a hybrid model. We find that 18 sources require the reflection component to fit their spectra. Among them, 67% prefer the hybrid model. Neutral and ionized models are equally preferred by three sources. We conclude that both the neutral/distant reflector most probably associated with the inner edges of the torus and the ionized/relativistic reflector associated with the accretion disk are required to describe the reflection in type-1 AGNs.
Hidden Little Monsters: Spectroscopic Identification of Low-mass, Broad-line AGNs at z > 5 with CEERS
Authors: Kocevski Dale D. , Onoue Masafusa , Inayoshi Kohei , Trump Jonathan R. , Arrabal Haro Pablo , Grazian Andrea , Dickinson Mark , Finkelstein Steven L. , Kartaltepe Jeyhan S. , Hirschmann Michaela , Aird James , Holwerda Benne W. , Fujimoto Seiji , Juneau Stéphanie , Amorín Ricardo O. , Backhaus Bren E. , Bagley Micaela B. , Barro Guillermo , Bell Eric F. , Bisigello Laura , Calabrò Antonello , Cleri Nikko J. , Cooper M. C. , Ding Xuheng , Grogin Norman A. , Ho Luis C. , Hutchison Taylor A. , Inoue Akio K. , Jiang Linhua , Jones Brenda , Koekemoer Anton M. , Li Wenxiu , Li Zhengrong , McGrath Elizabeth J. , Molina Juan , Papovich Casey , Pérez-González Pablo G. , Pirzkal Nor , Wilkins Stephen M. , Yang Guang , Yung L. Y. Aaron
Published: August 2023

We report on the discovery of two low-luminosity, broad-line active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at z > 5 identified using JWST NIRSpec spectroscopy from the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science (CEERS) survey. We detect broad Hα emission in the spectra of both sources, with FWHM of 2060 ± 290 km s−1 and 1800 ± 200 km s−1, resulting in virial black hole (BH) masses that are 1–2 dex below those of existing samples of luminous quasars at z > 5. The first source, CEERS 2782 at z = 5.242, is 2–3 dex fainter than known quasars at similar redshifts and was previously identified as a candidate low-luminosity AGN based on its morphology and rest-frame optical spectral energy distribution (SED). We measure a BH mass of M
BH = (1.3 ± 0.4) × 107
M
⊙, confirming that this AGN is powered by the least massive BH known in the Universe at the end of cosmic reionization. The second source, CEERS 746 at z = 5.624, is inferred to be a heavily obscured, broad-line AGN caught in a transition phase between a dust-obscured starburst and an unobscured quasar. We estimate its BH mass to be in the range of M
BH ≃ (0.9–4.7) × 107
M
⊙, depending on the level of dust obscuration assumed. We perform SED fitting to derive host stellar masses, M
⋆, allowing us to place constraints on the BH–galaxy mass relationship in the lowest mass range yet probed in the early Universe. The M
BH/M
⋆ ratio for CEERS 2782, in particular, is consistent with or higher than the empirical relationship seen in massive galaxies at z = 0. We examine the narrow emission line ratios of both sources and find that their location on the BPT and OHNO diagrams is consistent with model predictions for moderately low metallicity AGNs with Z/Z
⊙ ≃ 0.2–0.4. The spectroscopic identification of low-luminosity, broad-line AGNs at z > 5 with M
BH ≃ 107
M
⊙ demonstrates the capability of JWST to push BH masses closer to the range predicted for the BH seed population and provides a unique opportunity to study the early stages of BH–galaxy assembly.
Ultracool Dwarfs Observed with the Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph: Equatorial Latitudes in L Dwarf Atmospheres Are Cloudier
Authors: Suárez Genaro , Vos Johanna M. , Metchev Stanimir , Faherty Jacqueline K. , Cruz Kelle
Published: August 2023

We report direct observational evidence for a latitudinal dependence of dust cloud opacity in ultracool dwarfs, indicating that equatorial latitudes are cloudier than polar latitudes. These results are based on a strong positive correlation between the viewing geometry and the mid-infrared silicate absorption strength in mid-L dwarfs using mid-infrared spectra from the Spitzer Space Telescope and spin axis inclination measurements from available information in the literature. We confirmed that the infrared color anomalies of L dwarfs positively correlate with dust cloud opacity and viewing geometry, where redder objects are inclined equator-on and exhibit more opaque dust clouds, while dwarfs viewed at higher latitudes and with more transparent clouds are bluer. These results show the relevance of viewing geometry to explain the appearance of brown dwarfs and provide insight into the spectral diversity observed in substellar and planetary atmospheres. We also find a hint that dust clouds at similar latitudes may have higher opacity in low-surface gravity dwarfs than in higher-gravity objects.
Quiescent Low-mass Galaxies Observed by JWST in the Epoch of Reionization
Authors: Gelli Viola , Salvadori Stefania , Ferrara Andrea , Pallottini Andrea , Carniani Stefano
Published: August 2023

The surprising JWST discovery of a quiescent, low-mass (M
⋆ = 108.7
M
⊙) galaxy at redshift z = 7.3 (JADES-GS-z7-01-QU) represents a unique opportunity to study the imprint of feedback processes on early galaxy evolution. We build a sample of 130 low-mass (M
⋆ ≲ 109.5
M
⊙) galaxies from the serra cosmological zoom-in simulations, which show a feedback-regulated, bursty star formation history (SFH). The fraction of time spent in an active phase increases with the stellar mass from f
duty ≈ 0.6 at M
⋆ ≈ 107.5
M
⊙ to ≈0.99 at M
⋆ ≥ 109
M
⊙, and it is in agreement with the value f
duty ≈ 0.75 estimated for JADES-GS-z7-01-QU. On average, 30% of the galaxies are quiescent in the range 6 < z < 8.4; they become the dominant population at M
⋆ ≲ 108.3
M
⊙. However, none of these quiescent systems matches the spectral energy distribution of JADES-GS-z7-01-QU, unless their SFH is artificially truncated a few Myr after the main star formation peak. As supernova feedback can only act on a longer timescale (≳30 Myr), this implies that the observed abrupt quenching must be caused by a faster physical mechanism, such as radiation-driven winds from young massive stars and/or an active galactic nucleus.
Periodic solutions for chikungunya virus dynamics in a seasonal environment with a general incidence rate
Authors: El Hajji Miled
Published: August 2023

The chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infects macrophages and adherent cells and it can be transmitted via a direct contact with the virus or with an already infected cell. Thus, the CHIKV infection can have two routes. Furthermore, it can exhibit seasonal peak periods. Thus, in this paper, we consider a dynamical system model of the CHIKV dynamics under the conditions of a seasonal environment with a general incidence rate and two routes of infection. In the first step, we studied the autonomous system by investigating the global stability of the steady states with respect to the basic reproduction number. In the second step, we establish the existence, uniqueness, positivity and boundedness of a periodic orbit for the non-autonomous system. We show that the global dynamics are determined by using the basic reproduction number denoted by $ \mathcal{R}_0 $ and they are calculated using the spectral radius of an integral operator. We show the global stability of the disease-free periodic solution if $ \mathcal{R}_0 < 1 $ and we also show the persistence of the disease if $ \mathcal{R}_0 > 1 $ where the trajectories converge to a limit cycle. Finally, we display some numerical investigations supporting the theoretical findings.
De los balnea a los hammams. ¿El diseño del baño tardoantiguo en la Cirenaica como inspiración para los primeros baños árabes?
Authors: Maréchal Sadi
Published: August 2023

Este artículo examina la manera en que el diseño específico de las casas de baños de la Antigüedad tardía en la provincia romana de la Cirenaica, base de operaciones para la conquista islámica de Ifrīqiya, influyó en el desarrollo de los hammams en el norte de África y en al-Andalus. Los restos arqueológicos de los baños bizantinos/tardoantiguos y los primeros hammams son puestos en comparación para demostrar las grandes similitudes de su trazado general y dentro de este, del diseño del caldarium en particular, lo que apunta a la pervivencia de los esquemas de construcción que sobreviven hasta el día de hoy en los hammams marroquíes. La característica más distintiva era la estancia rectangular para el baño de calor, calentada por un solo horno, y flanqueada por dos exedras que albergaban sendas bañeras rectangulares. Este diseño de hammam «occidental» era marcadamente distinto de los hammams contemporáneos en Oriente, que a su vez continuaron con el diseño tradicional de los baños públicos romano-bizantinos orientales. Contrariamente a lo que se presuponía, este artículo demuestra que el diseño «occidental» no se originó en los primeros momentos del Marruecos medieval y de al-Andalus, extendiéndose posteriormente hacia el Mediterráneo oriental, sino que se originó en el norte del África romano-bizantino, extendiéndose hacia el Oeste, para regresar, a través de la circularidad cultural, al lugar de origen con nuevas adaptaciones.
Developing theories of change to advance center for teaching and learning work
Authors: Hayward Dana , Baumgarthuber Christine , Wright Mary C. , Kim Jennifer J.
Published: August 2023

A theory of change is a prediction about desired outcomes and the actions that may prompt them. Research on educational change suggests that explicit theories of change are essential for effectively engaging in academic change work. While many centers for teaching and learning (CTL) express aims around organizational change, a recent study was not able to identify any theories of change made public in annual reports or websites. Therefore, we outline an adaptable process for other CTLs to discuss and make explicit their own theories of change. This process involves four steps, moving across scale of a CTL (large group, small group, and individual). We offer recommendations for other types of CTLs, such as “centers of one,” to develop a theory of change and theorize about current and potential utility of a theory of change for a CTL’s work.
Scultura dipinta o pittura a rilievo ? Riflessioni sulla policromia nel Quattrocento fiorentino
Authors: Gentilini Giancarlo
Published: August 2023

L’intervento intende ristabilire il ruolo paritario, se non spesso prioritario, affidato e riconosciuto nel Quattrocento alla policromia nella qualificazione formale di opere che oggi definiamo “sculture dipinte”, prima che il dibattito cinquecentesco sul ‘paragone’ e sul ‘primato’ delle arti ne decretasse la sfortuna.Nella parte introduttiva, attraverso una casistica esemplificativa, verranno pertanto ricordate le varie motivazioni espressive, culturali e tecniche che garantirono la persistenza di una qualificata finitura pittorica nella scultura del primo Rinascimento toscano, soprattutto per le immagini in terracotta, stucco, legno destinate alla devozione domestica e alla religiosità popolare. Nella seconda parte, ci si propone invece di esaminare in modo più sistematico, attraverso una selezione delle principali tipologie, i rilievi raffiguranti la Madonna col Bambino replicati in modo seriale a calco in materiali ‘poveri’ (terracotta, stucco, cartapesta) nelle botteghe dei più celebri maestri fiorentini (Ghiberti, Brunelleschi, Donatello, Della Robbia, Desiderio, Rossellino, Da Maiano etc.), impreziositi, diversificati e qualificati, anche sul piano formale ed iconografico, attraverso elaborate, spesso sontuose policromie affidate a pittori specializzati (Lo Scheggia, Neri di Bicci, lo Pseudo Pierfrancesco Fiorentino, il Maestro di San Miniato, Bernardo Rosselli etc.) : intervento che, per il maggiore tempo richiesto e il costo dei materiali impiegati, veniva a costituire il momento più complesso, oneroso e qualificante nell’intero processo di produzione, al punto da indurre alcuni pittori ad assumere la gestione commerciale del prodotto finito. Opere che, pertanto, in una corretta valutazione storica e metodologica, sia formale che economica, si qualificano più come “pitture a rilievo” che come “sculture dipinte”, rimettendo in discussione la tradizionale separazione dei ‘generi’ e sollecitando nuove indagini attributive e tecniche più attente a tali pregnanti valenze pittoriche.
“Colorite de boni colori et ornate secundo il naturale”. La terracotta policroma : simulare, imitare la natura
Authors: Vaccari Maria Grazia
Published: August 2023

Dal Rinascimento in poi la scultura in terracotta, intesa come opera in sé compiuta e non come ausilio nella fase progettuale, prevedeva generalmente una finitura pittorica. Tale rivestimento nobilitava talora il colore della materia fittile, imitando quello del marmo, del bronzo o, più raramente, dell’oro, ma più spesso riproduceva i colori della realtà.Le policromie naturalistiche trovavano maggiore impiego nella scultura devozionale perché l’immagine, col suo realismo, poteva creare suggestioni emotive nei fedeli e quindi un maggiore coinvolgimento. Ma avevano un ruolo essenziale anche nella ritrattistica, che doveva fornire del soggetto una rappresentazione il più fedele possibile.Nelle terrecotte dipinte ‘al naturale’ si può riscontrare un’ampia varietà nella ricchezza dei colori, nella scelta di raffinati accordi cromatici, nell’imitazione di preziosi tessuti, che non si limita a riprodurre i motivi decorativi, ma finge anche la consistenza materica. Alcuni esempi tratti dalla scultura fiorentina ed emiliana (Michele da Firenza, Neri di Bicci, Antonio Begarelli) mostrano che spesso erano i committenti ad indicare con quali colori dovesse essere dipinta una scultura, ma il perfetto accordo tra forme e colori derivava dalle scelte dello scultore che si affidava spesso al pittore per ottenere con uso sapiente delle tecniche il maggior grado di naturalezza.
L’éclat du sombre ? Terres cuites façon bronze de la Renaissance italienne
Authors: Sénéchal Philippe
Published: August 2023

Nous nous proposons d’étudier un épisode marginal et peu étudié de l’histoire du goût et des techniques artistiques de la Renaissance italienne, celui des terres cuites peintes à l’imitation du bronze. Notre vision est faussée par les nombreux badigeons sombres qui ont été infligés, dès le xviie siècle, à des pièces qui soit étaient originellement pourvues d’une polychromie moins sévère ou de dorure, à l’imitation des célèbres bronzes romains antiques, soit n’avaient reçu aucune peinture de surface. Toutefois, il semble bien qu’un certain nombre de pièces pour cabinets d’amateur, de statues de dévotion et surtout de prestigieux ensembles décoratifs en relief aient été couverts d’une couleur imitant le bronze. C’est surtout en Toscane – essentiellement dans le sillage de Giovanfrancesco Rustici –, en Émilie et dans le Trentin, avec Zaccaria Zacchi, que l’on trouve ces fragiles ersatz de l’airain.
La Vierge adorant l’Enfant de Donatello, dite Madone Piot. Étude et restauration
Authors: Vatelot Jennifer
Published: August 2023

La restauration de la Madone Piot a été une intervention complexe mais riche en découvertes sur un exemple unique d’œuvre composite en terre cuite dorée avec des inclusions de cire et de verre. La principale problématique de restauration a peu à peu évolué au cours de l’étude approfondie de l’œuvre. En plus des difficultés de conservation des matériaux cireux sur la terre cuite, la structure de l’œuvre s’est révélée profondément fragilisée par des cassures successives maintenues par un cerclage métallique. En dépit de ce dernier, les fragments restaient mobiles entre eux et l’œuvre risquait de s’altérer à chaque manipulation. Il a donc été décidé de démonter cette structure en mettant au point un moyen pour travailler sur l’arrière de la Madone Piot tout en maintenant les fragments en place.
Lavori in corso al Museo d’Arte Antica di Milano. Le terrecotte rinascimentali : studi, scoperte e restauri
Authors: Basso Laura , Barbieri Alessandro , Bosio Paola , Anzani Marilena , Rabbolini Alfiero
Published: August 2023

Nel Museo d’Arte Antica del Castello Sforzesco (Milano) è in atto un’attività di ricognizione dedicata al cospicuo deposito delle terrecotte. Sono emerse una serie di importanti scoperte, in particolare per quanto riguarda le terrecotte decorative provenienti dal palazzo detto Banco Mediceo, progettato dall’architetto Antonio Averulino detto il Filarete. Di notevole rilievo l’identificazione delle terrecotte decorative, considerate disperse, di cui ora è possibile avanzare stretti confronti con i Medaglioni con busti di imperatori, provenienti dallo stesso luogo, oggetto di un recente restauro. L’intervento conservativo ha evidenziato soprattutto la tecnica di esecuzione offrendo elementi per inquadrare l’ambito culturale e cronologico di questi manufatti. Le fonti d’archivio del museo, consultate durante l’attività di ricognizione, hanno messo in luce le vicende di acquisizione delle terrecotte dove il mercato dell’arte ha avuto un ruolo determinante.
The conservation of Giovanni da Maiano’s terracotta roundels at Hampton Court Palace (2005-2012): A summary report
Authors: Hallett Kathryn , Rawlinson Kent , Roberts Zoe
Published: August 2023

Since 2005, Historic Royal Palaces has been undertaking a major project to research and conserve the eleven terracotta roundels attributed to the Florentine sculptor, Giovanni da Maiano, which survive at Hampton Court Palace (Greater London). This project has involved close visual inspection, material analysis, and art-historical and documentary research. It has long been known that Maiano delivered eight roundels to Hampton Court in 1521. However, this research has for the first time made it possible to distinguish the surviving pieces by Giovanni da Maiano from significant elements of later restoration. It has also demonstrated that the surviving works by Maiano derive from at least two different sets of roundels. Ten of the roundels are mounted externally and it has been decided to conserve them in situ. A programme of inspection over five years has assessed their physical condition and the mechanisms responsible for any active deterioration have been investigated and established. A programme of cleaning, conservation and partial restoration is underway and due to be completed in 2013.
MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH TO DETECT ECG ABNORMALITIES USING COST-SENSITIVE DECISION TREE CLASSIFIER
Authors: Patnaik Bipasha , Palo Hemanta Kumar , Sahoo Santanu
Published: August 2023

Cardiac Arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rhythm that develops when the electrical impulses control the heart’s contraction which does not function properly. The heart can beat too fast (tachycardia), too slow (bradycardia), or in an irregular pattern. Observing ECG signal peaks and channels freehand is difficult due to their ingenious modification. Automated detection of cardiovascular abnormalities is preferred for the early diagnosis of cardiac disorders. This paper used machine learning approaches for detecting ECG abnormality utilizing a Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Cost-Sensitive Decision-Tree (CS-DT) classifier. The Empirical Mode Decomposition approach was utilized to examine the properties of R-peaks and QRS complexes in ECG signs. Various morphological characteristics are analyzed from the signal penetrated by the classifier to diagnose the irregular beats. A set of twenty-two clinically feasible features comprising temporal, morphological, and statistical were extracted from the processed ECG signals and applied to the classifier to categorize cardiovascular irregularities like Normal (N), Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB), Right Bundle Branch Block (RBBB), Atrial Premature Beats (APB), and Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC). The Beth Israel Hospital at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT-BIH) dataset has been used for this work, where feature datasets are split into training and evaluation subsets. The training set is used to train machine learning models on the extracted features, while the evaluation set is used to assess the performance of the trained models. The evaluation metrics such as Accuracy (Acc), Sensitivity (Se), Specificity (Sp), and Positive Predictivity (Pp), are frequently used to evaluate the model’s performance in Arrhythmia detection along with classification. The simulation has been conducted using SVM and CS-DT classifier with performance for all individual class labels at a Confidence Factor (CF) of 0.5. The performance of the time and frequency domain features is merged resulting in higher classification of Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictivity, and Accuracy of 89.5%, 98.11%, 87.76%, and 96.8% in SVM, 97.71%, 99.58%, 97.66%, 99.32% in CS-DT classifier in identifying the irregular heartbeats.
Socially Assistive Robot Use in the Classroom as Robot Assisted Interventions
Authors: Gifford Timothy
Published: August 2023

Socially assistive robots can play a helpful role in the classroom. The robot's ability to lead and engage students in interactive learning experiences can be used to support students who have trouble accessing the academic program. The assistive nature of the robot can make the curriculum accessible to students with special abilities. The robots are particularly helpful with students who have social challenges and can offer corrective instruction patiently and positively. These are examples of the unique abilities of robots that interact socially with students. They can mimic specific aspects of human behavior by changing their facial expressions, making specific gestures, and changing their speech. Research has shown many of the positive effects of this assistive technology. Although research in this area has been going on for over a decade it is still a very young technology. There are many opportunities for beneficial interactive activities that have yet to be developed with this growing technology. This chapter describes the basics of robot assisted interventions and their application in the classroom. Practical information about implementation is offered with a discussion of the research behind the robots and the evidence-based practices that the activities are based on.
Artificial Intelligence in Wastewater Management
Authors: Babu C. V. Suresh , Yadavamuthiah K. , Abirami S. , Kowsika S.
Published: August 2023

This chapter introduces an innovative solution to address sewage pollution by integrating AI-enabled waste management systems. The approach involves segregating sewage into solid and liquid waste streams and applying specialized treatment processes. The main goal is to achieve sustainable sewage treatment, recover valuable resources, and produce distilled water. To ensure optimal performance, an AI system leveraging cutting-edge technologies like IoT, machine learning, and computer vision is employed for real-time monitoring, water quality assessment, and problem resolution. These findings contribute significantly to the advancement of sustainable waste management practices. They effectively reduce soil and water pollution, safeguard groundwater levels, and enhance overall operational efficiency. This technology-driven strategy paves the path for a more eco-friendly and advanced future in waste management.
Artificial Intelligence in Water Treatments and Water Resource Assessments
Authors: Gunasekaran K. , Boopathi Sampath
Published: August 2023

This chapter explores the use of AI in water treatment, evaporation management, and water resource management. It begins with an introduction, highlighting AI's motivation and objectives. The chapter then discusses AI applications, challenges, and opportunities in their implementation. It compares traditional approaches and AI-driven solutions for evaporation control and optimization and presents case studies and applications to demonstrate real-world examples. The chapter also discusses water resource management challenges, data-driven modeling, forecasting, optimization, and decision support systems. It also discusses the benefits and limitations of AI, interdisciplinary collaboration, ethical considerations, and policy frameworks for responsible AI implementation. The chapter also provides recommendations for future research to advance AI in water treatment and resource management.
Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, and Machine-Learning
Authors: Akensous Fatima-Zahra , Sbbar Naira , Ech-chatir Lahoucine , Meddich Abdelilah
Published: August 2023

Water scarcity has been escalating both in terms of frequency and severity, owing to climate change and global warming. Furthermore, water is a vital source that is at the core of crucial sectors like agriculture. Yet, this source is labeled scarce, and its distribution is uneven globally. For the aforementioned reasons, achieving a rational use of water is of utmost importance. In this framework, computational intelligence like artificial intelligence (AI), the internet of things (IoT), and machine-learning, has been gaining momentum for implementing smart irrigation and precision agriculture. Thus, the chapter surveys a selection of recent studies, corroborating AI, IoT, and machine-learning as promising approaches to advance agriculture. The chapter also sheds light on the notion of virtual water, proposes strategies to deal with water scarcity, and highlights the essential components to achieve effective smart irrigation, thereby switching toward an innovative model of sustainable digital agriculture.
Tourism Differentiation Through Social Media Branding
Authors: El Bouchikhi Yassine
Published: August 2023

With a focus on Morocco, this chapter reviews the literature on nation branding and its connection to social media in the context of tourism. The first part gives a foundation for understanding the many tactics used to distinguish one country from another by reviewing the literature on nation branding, social media, and tourism. The use of social media to market travel and to promote cultural and natural assets is examined in the second section. Then, an examination of the significant developments and trends in the Moroccan tourism industry are addressed. A Netnographic study is conducted on six influential media accounts to explore the strategies and tactics utilized to promote Morocco's image internationally.
Supervised Machine Learning Methods for Cyber Threat Detection Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Gasu Daniel K. , Yaokumah Winfred , Appati Justice Kwame
Published: August 2023

Security threats continue to pose enormous challenges to network and applications security, particularly with the emerging IoT technologies and cloud computing services. Current intrusion and threat detection schemes still experience low detection rates and high rates of false alarms. In this study, an optimal set of features were extracted from CSE-CIC-IDS2018 using genetic algorithm. Machine learning algorithms, including random forest, support vector machines, logistic regression, gradient boosting, and naïve bayes were employed for classification and the results compared. Evaluation of the performance of the proposed cyber security threat detection models found random forest as the highest attacks detection with 99.99% accuracy. K-nearest neighbor achieved 99.96% while a detection accuracy of 97.39% was obtained by support vector machines. The model which used gradient boosting obtained an accuracy of 99.97%, and the logistic regression model achieved a 94.94% accuracy. The lowest accuracy rate was obtained by the naïve bayes model with a detection accuracy of 68.84%.
Promoting Deeper, Meaningful Learning in the Contemporary Educational Landscape
Authors: Sharma Anshul , Thakur Khushal , Kapoor Divneet Singh , Singh Kiran Jot
Published: August 2023

Fink's significant learning model encourages deeper, more meaningful learning by focusing on the integration of subject information with practical applications, active learning techniques, and evaluation for meaningful learning has revolutionized instructional design. This strategy improves student motivation, ownership, and involvement, which results in greater comprehension, critical thinking, and problem-solving abilities. The paradigm promotes development and continual improvement by enabling educators to design realistic learning experiences and make use of formative and summative evaluations. Its effective adoption in higher education has resulted in transformational learning opportunities and the development of adaptable skills. The framework offered by Fink's approach is adaptable and may be customised to satisfy the various demands of various disciplines and learners. In the end, it makes students' educational journeys more interesting, pertinent, and significant while preparing them for the difficulties of the modern world.
Do Our Test Scores Mean What We Think?
Authors: Sinclair Jeanne , Noel Karam
Published: August 2023

This chapter showcases research initiatives on the validation of English language assessments used in the Canadian public sphere. Canadian-based assessment developers and researchers have created a rich literature documenting language assessment validation practices in different contexts. The authors first explain the purpose of assessment validation and several contemporary frameworks used for this purpose. They then describe assessments across the lifespan, for both English as a first language (L1) and second or additional language (L2). The authors conclude by describing a small-scale qualitative validation study of an English for academic purposes (EAP) listening assessment, highlighting emergent findings related to audio-visual input and test-taker's cognitive processing, as well as construct appropriateness and authenticity.
ROSO, a Tool for Assessing Metacognitive Strategy Usage when Reading in English (L2)
Authors: Francis Catherine Ann , de los Pinos Carmen Carpio
Published: August 2023

A pilot study was conducted for a tool that assesses bilingual´s self-reported metacognitive strategy usage when reading in English (L2). A task specific, multimethod instrument (ROSO) was created and administered in a private international school to secondary students (N=135). The tool assessed reading comprehension with academic texts followed by multiple choice questions. Students were asked open questions about strategy usage, and these spontaneous responses were coded by three judges. Next students rated strategy usage, considering earlier readings, using a Likert scale. Finally, participants were presented with an open-ended question asking how to understand a difficult passage in English; this answer was also coded. The reliability and validity of the tool was verified with minor adjustments. This work presents the theoretical research for the design of the tool and the results and analysis of the study.
The Use of Augmented Reality in the Food Industry
Authors: İmre Melike , Yıkmış Seydi
Published: August 2023

In this chapter, augmented reality (AR) and its use in the food industry are evaluated under important headings. AR applications that aim to improve the customer or user experience and the contents of these applications are explained. The use and effects of these applications have been examined separately in important steps of the food industry, such as food safety, food cooking stage, food education, food promotion, and user/consumer experience. The aim is to deeply understand the use of AR and to show that the power of the technological opportunities provided by AR can be used at every step of the food industry. In addition, the perspectives of the applications developed and considered to be developed in the literature are examined to present the aspects that should be considered when planting seeds for new applications.
Answering the Call of Revolutionary Love Through Literature
Authors: Dunlap Shekema S. , Wright D'Andrea N.
Published: August 2023

Toni Morrison's Beloved challenges Western sensibilities about love, kinship, sacrifice, and spirituality. A Black teacher's dissertation study about revolutionary love (RL) for her Advanced Placement Literature students inspired this chapter. In it, the authors discuss two Black women teachers' kinship relationship and love for literature as revolutionary. Their collaborative autoethnographic account explores the influence of RL on mitigating the impact of intersectional oppression on our lived experiences. Moreover, the chapter illuminates the endarkened feminist underpinnings of their personal and spiritual connections: first, within a high school English classroom and now as colleagues and co-researchers. The chapter provides teaching strategies to guide spirit-led teachers in embodying RL for their students. It concludes with a call-and-response benediction for spirit-led teachers and their students.
IoT and Big Data Security Issues and Challenges
Authors: Gupta Swati , Vijarania Meenu , Gautam Anjali , Yadav Aarti , Goel Jyoti
Published: August 2023

Rapid usage of Internet of Things (IOT) has resulted in generating large volume of data from different heterogeneous sensor based devices that communicate with each other over the internet. Hence, biggest challenge lies in designing and adoption of efficient security mechanism in IOT based framework. Accordingly, massive volume of data is required to be analysed by using the concept of Big Data. Big data analytics comprises of different processes that is useful in analysing the data to discover some hidden patters or certain correlations that exist in the data sets. The popularity of IoT devices leads to an expensive cost resulting in loss of resources and information that are caused by security threats and attacks. Although in the literature several research proposals exist that has addressed the various concerns of Big data in IOT such as privacy involved in collecting the data, storage and analysis. However, still there is a huge gap of analyzing Big data in IOT environment. We fully investigate the security and privacy issues that are involved in Big data streaming for IOT devices.
Particle Swarm Optimization of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems
Authors: Nishanth J. R. , Deshmukh Mrunalini Amol , Kushwah Rupesh , Kushwaha Kamal Kumar , Balaji S. , Sampath Boopathi
Published: August 2023

Hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) have gained attention due to their potential to provide a reliable and sustainable source of energy. They involve the integration of two or more renewable energy sources along with energy storage systems to ensure a continuous and stable power supply. Off-grid HRES types include PV-based, PV-wind-based, and hydro-based systems, while on-grid HRES can be interconnected with the grid or used in isolated microgrids. Optimization techniques such as particle swarm optimization (PSO) have been applied to HRES to maximize energy efficiency, reduce emissions, and improve human development indices. Mathematical models have been developed to evaluate the emission savings, degradation, and HDI associated with HRES. The PSO algorithm is used to solve the models and the results are discussed in terms of the trade-offs between energy efficiency, emission savings, and HDI. HRES can play a critical role in achieving a sustainable energy future.
Construction of Building an Energy Saving Optimization Model Based on Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Xu Xin , Li Xiaolong
Published: August 2023

The building envelope structure is the cause of a major part of energy consumption, with exterior walls and windows being the main energy-consuming components. Traditional building energy conservation measures often overlook the demand for human comfort, especially in areas characterized by hot summers and warm winters. For this paper, the authors concentrated on indoor comfort, with a focus on optimizing the heat transfer coefficient of windows and exterior walls using a genetic algorithm. They used a genetic algorithm to explore the performance optimization of exterior walls and windows in the enclosure structure. To aid this effort, they constructed a building energy-saving optimization model. In addition, they created an optimization model in an attempt to reduce building energy consumption. They took the heat transfer coefficients of the outer window and the outer wall as the optimization parameters of the established model, and they compiled the optimization program using MATLAB. The experimental results showed that the heat transfer coefficients of exterior walls and windows in cold regions are 0.4459 and 2.7875, respectively, while the heat transfer coefficients in warm winter and hot summer regions are 0.66, 1.98, 1.026, and 1.59. The conducted work provides a reference for the optimization design of the heat transfer coefficient of external walls and windows as a measure to enhance building energy efficiency.
Re-Engineering the Hospital Discharge to Improve the Transition From Hospital to Home
Authors: Jack Brian W. , Austad Kirsten , Renfro David Ray , Mitchell Suzanne
Published: August 2023

The hospital discharge is non-standardized and frequently marked with poor quality and is an important driver of healthcare costs. There is now ample evidence that improving communication at hospital discharge can prevent problems after hospital discharge including rehospitalization. The ReEngineered Discharge (RED) successfully delivers high quality transitions in care, improves patient satisfaction, achieves patient-centered outcomes, and reduces rehospitalization by over 20% while lowering healthcare costs. However, implementing these evidence-based processes into US hospitals requires smooth integration into customary hospital workflows, while not increasing health professional time needed to carry out these duties. Now, rapidly evolving health-information technology systems using conversational agents such as the MayaRED have great potential to deliver the benefits of RED, with the added benefits of saving nurses' and other health professionals' time, delivering post-discharge reinforcement of the care plan and connecting chronic care patients to remote patient monitoring platforms.
Optimization of Water Activation Technology for the Production of Fine-Grained Concrete
Authors: Shyshkina Aleksandra
Published: August 2023

One of the main active components of modern concrete is water. Water has a variable structure, the type of which depends on the water treatment technology. The use of water in the production of concrete, which has a changed structure as a result of the action of certain substances, allows influencing the rheological properties of concrete mixtures and modifying the structure of cement stone in such a way as to give concrete properties that ensure high operational reliability of structures. However, this method of increasing the strength of concrete has certain disadvantages that prevent its wide application. The purpose of the study is to determine the influence of the type of plasticizers used for water activation on the speed of structure formation and the strength of fine-grained concrete.