bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conventional breeding of potatoes for resistance to bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum): Any light in the horizon?
Authors: Muthoni Jane , Shimelis Hussein , Melis Rob
Published: June 2020

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the third most important food crop in the world after wheat and rice while bacterial wilt is the second most important disease of potatoes after late blight. In high latitudes and high altitudes in the tropics, bacterial wilt is caused by race 3/biovar 2A (R3bv2A) (phylotype IIB, sequevar 1) while in the tropical lowlands, the disease is caused mainly by race 1 and biovar 2T. Control of bacterial wilt has proven to be very difficult. Breeding for resistance has been going on for long in many places such as the International Potato Center (CIP), University of Wisconsin, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa Hortaliças, Brazil), Uruguay and Peru. Classical breeding has achieved moderate unstable level of resistance/tolerance due to host-pathogen-environment interaction. In addition, hybridisation of the cultivated potato with the wild relatives have showed wild traits such as high glycoalkaloid content in addition to moderate levels of resistance to bacterial wilt. In recent years, genetic engineering for disease resistance has been employed such as the use of potent antimicrobial peptides and pattern recognition receptors. However, most of this work is in experimental stages. The purpose of this review is to document the progress made in breeding for resistance to bacterial wilt of potatoes. Though great strides have been made, there is still a long way to go before varieties with stable resistance coupled with good agronomic characteristic are released. There is light in the horizon though a bit far.
Synthetic images to map daily evapotranspiration in field scale using SEBAL model and ESTARFM algorithm
Authors: Silva Bruno Bonemberger da , Mercante Erivelto , Kusminski Douglas , Cattani Carlos Eduardo Vizzotto , Mendes Isaque de Souza , Caon Ivã Luis , Ganascini Diandra , Prior Maritane
Published: June 2020

Many applications in water resource management require evapotranspiration (ET) information at the daily and field-level scales; however, no satellite system currently operating is able to capture all the resources of ET dynamics in an agricultural field. Thus, the objective of this study was to apply the SEBAL (Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land) and ESTARFM (Enhanced Adaptive Reflectance Fusion Model) methodology to estimate the daily ET in an agricultural area in the municipality of Cascavel, Paraná. We applied the ESTARFM algorithm to MODIS and Landsat 8 images to produce 8 synthetic images. The performance of the algorithm was evaluated by comparing predicted surface reflectance values obtained to real Landsat 8 images. SEBAL was applied to obtain daily evapotranspiration values (ET24) for 3 different targets (maize, soybean and stubble crop). The observed results showed that the predictions of ET using ESTARFM had a general determination coefficient of 0.80 in all analyzed images and ranged from 0.4 < R² < 0.81 when compared with real data from the Landsat 8 images, with soybean crop yielding the worst results. Low error values were found between the synthetic time series data of ET and the real data, with mean less than 1 mm day-1, meaning high reliability of synthetic data. ESTARFM tended to overestimate the ET values when compared with the real data, with the performance strongly affected by a change in the soil cover between the analyzed dates. Input data with the same soil cover is recommended for more accurate results.
Chemical composition and phytotoxic activity of Lippia origanoides essential oil on weeds
Authors: Sousa Márcia Aldeany Almeida de , Mesquita Mário Luiz Ribeiro , Orlanda José Fábio França , Júnior Francisco Eduardo Aragão Catunda
Published: June 2020

Studies in the area of allelopathy in agriculture have increased due to search on alternative methods of weed control compared to conventional herbicides. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical composition and phytotoxicity of the Lippia origanoides essential oil on weeds of the species Bidens subalternans, Euphorbia heterophylla and Macroptilium lathyroides. The essential oil was extracted from the leaves of L. origanoides by means of hydrodistillation and diluted in the concentrations of 0.01 to 1%. The chemistry composition was determined by a gas chromatograph coupled with a mass spectrometry. Phytotoxic activity was evaluated in pre and post-emergence by tests of germination, seedling growth, chlorophyll content and cellular respiration. The results demonstrated an essential oil rich in monoterpenes, mainly oxygenated, with camphor as the major compound. In general, both germination and seedling development were entirely inhibited by essential oil, decreasing with increasing concentrations. The concentrations 0.5 and 1.0% totally inhibited the germination of B. subalternans, but did not affect the germination of M. lathyroides. The essential oil sprayed on the weed leaves had no effect on chlorophyll content but was able to induce visible injuries such as necrosis and chlorosis. Only the cellular respiration of E. heterophylla was affected by the essential oil. All the phytotoxic effects observed are due to the high content of monoterpenes in the essential oil, mainly the oxygenates, and also the concentration used. Therefore, the L. origanoides essential oil have bioherbicidal potential for the tested species.
Standards and regulations of a self-regulating organization "The National College of Phlebology (Russia)"
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: June 2020

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A clinical case of using ICG-technologies to evaluate the results of the superior mesenteric artery stenting in a patient with acute mesenteric ischemia
Authors: Khitaryan A. G. , Murlychev A. S. , Bondarenko I. V. , Kovalev S. A. , Veliev K. S. , Orekhov A. A. , Alibekov A. Z. , Mezhunts A. V. , Golovina A. A.
Published: June 2020

Introduction. Acute mesenteric ischemia is a rare, but extremely severe life-threatening condition with a mortality rate of 40 to 60%, despite the development of modern high-tech diagnostic and treatment methods. Unfortunately, acute mesenteric ischemia does not have any pathognomonic symptoms or highly specific laboratory and instrumental symptoms and manifests as abdominal pain syndrome, which makes it harder to differentiate diagnosis and results in a delay in taking appropriate therapeutic measures.

Clinical case. This clinical case report describes a case of a 70-year-old patient who was admitted to the cardiology department after undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention due to acute myocardial infarction. On the third day, the patient developed severe diffuse abdominal pain and diarrhea. After the series of diagnostic measures have been performed, an acute impairment of mesenteric circulation was suspected and a decision was made to perform spiral computed tomography, which confirmed the presence of a thrombus in the superior mesenteric artery. The patient underwent X-ray endovascular thrombospiration, transluminal balloon angioplasty and stenting of the superior mesenteric artery. Due to the persistence of abdominal pain on the following day, the patient also underwent a diagnostic laparoscopy using ICG technologies to assess the presence and severity of ischemic and necrotic intestinal changes. After six months from the date of discharge, the patient continues to be followed-up by a cardiologist.

Conclusions. The timely performance of spiral computed tomography in patients with suspected acute mesenteric ischemia in the vascular regimen, angiography, endovascular interventions to restore blood supply to the intestine and ICG control of perfusion is appropriate to improve the treatment outcomes of this category of patients.
Results of surgical treatment of uclear bleed in patients with ischemic heart disease
Authors: Khajibayev A. M. , Rakhimov R. I. , Nabiev A. A. , Mahamadaminov A. G.
Published: June 2020

Introduction. This article is devoted to one of the urgent problems of modern emergency abdominal surgery – the result of surgical treatment of ulcer bleed in patients with ischemic heart disease.

Undoubtedly intensive hemostatic conservative therapy and endoscopic hemostasis methods are the main treatment methods for this group of patients. However, in a certain number of patients with NGDK with various variants of IHD, such treatment is ineffective and there is a need to perform surgical hemostasis in an emergency and urgently.

Surgical methods of hemostasis of NGDK patients with different variants of IHD are shown only in cases of inefficiency of conservative and endoscopic treatment methods. Among surgical interventions, radical surgeries are more preferable, which, if performed against the background of intensive resuscitation support, allow to achieve reliable hemostasis and thus avoid postoperative recurrent bleeding. Palliative surgery should be used when radical surgery is not possible due to the severity of the patient’s condition or lack of technical skill of surgeons. Finally, it is clear that in order to improve treatment results in patients in this category, correction of changes caused by the accompanying IHD is necessary.

Materials and methods: In our research material, 89 out of 997 patients had such a need, which was 8.9%. It mainly corresponds to the modern literature data.

Results: An analysis of the results of these patients’ palliative and radical surgical interventions clearly showed that the last ones were more preferable.

The basis for this judgment was the high percentage of mortality after palliative care compared to radical care with approximately the same number of postoperative complications.

In addition, it is noteworthy that postoperative complications typical of palliative care in the form of recurrent ulcerative bleeding are often fatal, because half of these patients in our observations have not experienced repeated radical interventions.

Conclusion: At the same time, the necessary condition for performing radical operations is, firstly, appropriate technical skill of the surgeon, and secondly, providing the latter with intensive resuscitation support. In case of impossibility of performance of these conditions the method of a choice should serve palliative care.
Patient with constipation syndrome at the ambulatory-polyclinic reception: actual aspects of diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Degovtsov E. N. , Trukhan D. I. , Nikonenko V. A. , Kosenok V. K.
Published: June 2020

An actual problem in surgical practice is paresis of the gastrointestinal tract, the main manifestation of which is constipation after surgical treatment. Treatment of postoperative gastrointestinal paresis, which is manifested primarily by constipation, should be comprehensive and, if necessary, patients are shown taking laxatives to stimulate bowel function.

Sodium picosulfate is one of the most commonly used and effective drugs, belongs to the group of synthetic stimulant laxatives. The above review noted the safety and effectiveness of sodium picosulfate for atonic constipation, for regulating stool (hemorrhoids, proctitis, anus cracks), for preparing for surgical operations, instrumental and radiological examinations.

The presence of picosulfate in the clinic and hospital surgeon’s arsenal makes it possible to optimize the drug therapy in surgical patients with constipation syndrome at the hospital and outpatient treatment stage.
Command and control in amphibious operations the lessons of history
Authors: Speller Ian
Published: June 2020

This paper examines the history of command and control in amphibious operations. It explores a number of case studies in order to identify and illustrate some enduring challenges and to analyse the extent to which alternative approaches to command may have mitigated or exacerbated these. The case studies focus on examples from the Anglo- American experience in the twentieth century, but the aim is to draw conclusions with wider relevance. The paper identifies that three general approaches to command and control developed over the centuries; namely, co-equal command without the appointment of a commander in chief, unified command with one overall commander, and command by one service. The impact of these different systems is explored with reference to operations at Narvik (1940), Guadalcanal (1942), Normandy (1944) and the Falklands/Malvinas (1982). The paper examines the notion of ‘paramount interest’ and explores how this relates to the current concept of supported and supporting commanders. It concludes by discussing current NATO doctrine and noting the importance of an in-theatre joint commander with the authority and understanding to enable them to control and coordinate the activities of different force elements.
O nexo entre segurança e desenvolvimento no pós-Guerra Fria
Authors: Morato Maciel Tadeu , Gusmão Pinheiro Duarte João Paulo
Published: June 2020

Diante do interesse por identificar alguns elementos que são determinantes para as concepções contemporâneas da relação entre segurança e desenvolvimento, este artigo visa a compreender como esse nexo ganhou novos contornos no pós-Guerra Fria. Inicialmente, é apresentada uma discussão sucinta sobre a relação entre segurança e desenvolvimento durante a Guerra Fria. Em seguida, são problematizados processos interdependentes que perpassam tal nexo na contemporaneidade: as mudanças no escopo das operações de construção da paz da ONU; a ascensão dos conceitos de segurança humana e desenvolvimento humano; e, por fim, a securitização da ajuda internacional e sua articulação com o conceito de Estado falido. Desta forma, busca-se contribuir com a perspectiva de que os debates sobre esse nexo no pós-Guerra Fria são dinâmicos e estão em aberto, havendo a necessidade de aprofundamento dos estudos sobre o tema.
Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from wastewater treatment plants
Authors: Mannina Giorgio , Cosenza Alida , Rebouças Taise Ferreira
Published: June 2020

This paper presents the sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of a plant-wide mathematical model for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The mathematical model assesses direct and indirect (due to the energy consumption) greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions from a WWTP employing a whole-plant approach. The model includes: i) the kinetic/mass-balance based model regarding nitrogen; ii) two-step nitrification process; iii) N2O formation both during nitrification and denitrification (as dissolved and off-gas concentration). Important model factors have been selected by using the Extended-Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Testing (FAST) global sensitivity analysis method. A scenario analysis has been performed in order to evaluate the uncertainty related to all selected important model factors (scenario 1), important model factors related to the influent features (scenario 2) and important model factors related to the operational conditions (scenario 3). The main objective of this paper was to analyse the key factors and sources of uncertainty at a plant-wide scale influencing the most relevant model outputs: direct and indirect (DIR,CO2eq and IND,CO2eq, respectively), effluent quality index (EQI), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) effluent concentration (CODOUT and TNOUT, respectively). Sensitivity analysis shows that model factors related to the influent wastewater and primary effluent COD fractionation exhibit a significant impact on direct, indirect and EQI model factors. Uncertainty analysis reveals that outflow TNOUT has the highest uncertainty in terms of relative uncertainty band for scenario 1 and scenario 2. Therefore, uncertainty of influential model factors and influent fractionation factors has a relevant role on total nitrogen prediction. Results of the uncertainty analysis show that the uncertainty of model prediction decreases after fixing stoichiometric/kinetic model factors.
Fouling mechanisms of membrane filtration of mixed microalgal biomass grown in wastewater
Authors: Soydemir Gülfem , Gurol Mirat D. , Hocaoğlu Selda Murat , Karagündüz Ahmet
Published: June 2020

Membrane fouling mechanisms of the filtration of a mixed-culture microalgal biomass grown in real wastewater were investigated using crossflow filtration experiments. The results of flux measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses for three membranes, two microfiltration (PES01 and PES003) and one ultrafiltration (UC030), showed that the UC030 membrane may be more appropriate for microalgae harvesting due to its higher steady flux rate and lower flux reduction during filtration compared to the initial flux (44% for UC030, compared to 86% for PES01 and 79% for PES003). It was also observed that the membrane resistance due to concentration polarization was the dominant membrane resistance in this study for all three membranes, constituting about 67%, 61% and 51% for PES01, PES003, and UC030, respectively. The next largest membrane resistance was provided by pore blocking, while the resistance provided by cake formation was found to be very small for all membranes (3%, 15% and 18% for PES01, PES003 and UC030, respectively), which were also supported by SEM and AFM analyses.
Sorption, coagulation, and biodegradation for graywater treatment
Authors: Thompson Kyle A. , Valencia Evan W. , Summers R. Scott , Cook Sherri M.
Published: June 2020

Population growth and climate change are exacerbating water scarcity. Graywater recycling could reduce water demand but it is not commonly practiced because of high treatment costs. Biochar, an emerging low-cost alternative sorbent with potential environmental benefits for graywater treatment, was compared to activated carbon (AC) for removing dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from graywater. The impact of pretreatments (coagulation, biodegradation) were also evaluated. Among five biochars tested, a wood-based biochar was the most effective for graywater treatment, but AC removed more DOC. Sorption resulted in a greater percent removal of ultraviolet (UV) absorbance than DOC or free chlorine demand. Graywater regulations could not be met by sorption alone but could be met with pretreatment before sorption. After biodegradation, irrigation and toilet flushing treatment targets could be achieved with AC doses less than 0.7 g/L, while a biochar dose of about 1 g/L was needed to achieve the irrigation treatment targets. For DOC removal, alum coagulation at a dose of 30 mg/L was a less effective pretreatment than biodegradation. Pretreatment and sorption to decrease turbidity and increase UV transmittance could be effective for the potential use of UV disinfection, thus creating an effective graywater non-potable reuse approach.
Investigating the performance of agricultural wastes and their ashes in removing phenol from leachate in a fixed-bed column
Authors: Ahmadinejad Seyed Omid , Naeeni Seyed Taghi Omid , Akbari Zahra , Nazif Sara
Published: June 2020

One of the major pollutants in leachate is phenol. Due to safety and environmental problems, removal of phenol from leachate is essential. Most of the adsorption studies have been conducted in batch systems. Practically, large-scale adsorption is carried out in continuous systems. In this research, the adsorption method has been used for phenol removal from leachate by using walnut shell activated carbon (WSA) and coconut shell activated carbon (CSA) as adsorbents in a fixed-bed column. The effect of adsorbent bed depth, influent phenol concentration and type of adsorbent on adsorption was explored. By increasing the depth of the adsorbent bed in the column, phenol removal efficiency and saturation time increase significantly. Also, by increasing the influent concentration, saturation time of the column decreases. To predict the column performance and describe the breakthrough curve, three kinetic models of Yon-Nelson, Adams-Bohart and Thomas were applied. The results of the experiments indicate that there is a good match between the results of the experiment and the predicted results of the models.
Análisis del aprendizaje en productores de café mediante el índice de cambio del conocimiento (ICC)
Authors: Rodríguez Espinosa Holmes , Urrego Estrada Camilo Alberto
Published: June 2020

El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar el aprendizaje de productores de café por medio del índice de cambio del conocimiento (ICC) como mecanismo de evaluación de un programa de extensión para el desarrollo de capacidades. La metodología empleada estuvo basada en la educación experiencial vivencial y metodologías participativas que integraron los saberes de los agricultores y los profesionales de cada área, en la construcción de los nuevos conceptos. Se realizó con grupos de aproximadamente 50 participantes en cada municipio, apoyado en metodologías de medición apropiación del conocimiento mediante el carrusel de saberes al inicio y al final de las capacitaciones. Se encontraron aumentos en el índice de cambio del conocimiento de 16%, 31%, 7%, 17% para los municipios de Salgar, Ebéjico, Yolombó y Abejorral respectivamente.
Chemical Constituents and Antibacterial Activity of Cissus aralioides
Authors: Solomon Balogun Olaoye , Solomon Ajayi Olukayode , Abidemi Owolabi Temitayo , Oladele Oladimeji Abdulkabir , Zhiqiang Liu
Published: June 2020

Cissus aralioides is a medicinal plant used in sub-Saharan Africa for the treatment of infectious
diseases; however, the chemical constituents of the plant have not been investigated. Thus, in this
study, an attempt was made at identifying predominant phytochemical constituents of the plant through
chromatographic purification and silylation of the plant extract, and subsequent characterization using
spectroscopic and GC-MS techniques. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) for the antibacterial
activities of the plant extract, chromatographic fractions, and isolated compounds were also examined.
Chromatographic purification of the ethyl acetate fraction from the whole plant afforded three
compounds: β-sitosterol (1), stigmasterol (2), and friedelin (3). The phytosterols (1 and 2) were
obtained together as a mixture. The GC-MS analysis of silylated extract indicated alcohols, fatty acids,
and sugars as predominant classes, with a composition of 24.62, 36.90 and 26.52%, respectively.
Results of MICs indicated that friedelin and other chromatographic fractions had values (0.0626-1.0
mg/mL) comparable with the standard antibiotics used. Characterization of natural products from
C. aralioides is being reported for the first time in this study.
Skull and Face Injuries and Associated Factors in Pedestrian Victims of Traffic Accidents: A Single Trauma Center Analysis
Authors: de Araújo Varela Josimara A. , Palitot Tatiana F.T. , de Souza Smyrna L.X. , Cavalcanti Alidianne F.C. , Cavalcanti Alessandro L.
Published: June 2020

Objective:

This study aimed to analyze the presence of lesions in the skull and face and
the associated factors in pedestrian victims of traffic accidents.

Methods:

A cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study carried out through the analysis of medical
records of pedestrian victims of traffic accidents in an emergency service in the city of Campina
Grande, Brazil, during the year of 2016. Information was collected regarding gender, age group, day
of the week, time of the accident, type of vehicle involved, presence of trauma to the skull and face,
and outcomes. The Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests were used, with a significance level of 5%.

Results:

A total of 1,884 medical records were evaluated, out of which 7.1% (n = 133) involved pedestrians.
Men were the most frequent victims (68.4%), and victims of age 60 years old or over
(30.5%) predominated. Almost one-third of the cases were recorded during the weekends (30.5%),
and the most prevalent time was at night (52.7%). Regarding the type of vehicle involved, motorcycles
predominated (47.4%). Head trauma was present in 37.6% of victims, while facial injuries corresponded
to 8.2%. In 12% of cases, the victims died. The variables of gender, age group, occurrence
on weekends, and trauma to the face showed a statistically significant association with the occurrence
of traffic accidents (Chi-square test; p <0.05.

Conclusion:

Among pedestrian victims of traffic accidents, there is a predominance of men aged 65
years or over. Accidents are frequent at night, and motorcycles are the main vehicles involved. The
presence of trauma to the skull and face regions is high.
Detection of prefrontal lobe blood flow changes in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder during a verbal fluency task by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy
Authors: Hong-Ying Yin , Jiang Fan , Peng Qi-Hua , Wu Yu-Ling
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this work was to use near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to investigate the spectral characteristics and frontal lobe activation in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) during a verbal fluency task. Thirty-seven patients with OCD, who met the diagnostic criteria of International Classification of Diseases 10 (ICD-10), were recruited. The total score of the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90, grade 1-5) was ≥160 points. The total score of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale was ≥7 points. The changes in frontal lobe blood flow were measured by NIRS when completing a verbal fluency task. Then, the differences between obsessive-compulsive thoughts and obsessive-compulsive behaviors in OCD, and the concentration variation of oxygenate hemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) and deoxygenate hemoglobin (Deoxy-Hb) were investigated. The difference was significant (P<0.03) between obsessive-compulsive behaviors and obsessive-compulsive thoughts. Obsessive-compulsive behaviors were positively correlated (P<0.01, P<0.05) with depression, anxiety, psychosis and other factors in the SCL-90, and significantly positively correlated (P<0.01, P<0.03) with somatization, hostility and paranoid factor scores in the SCL-90. There was also a trend of partial overlap between the waveform and task period, and the difference was significant (P<0.01) between these. Obsessive-compulsive thoughts were negatively correlated (P<0.05) with channels 9 and 19. The NIRS monitoring spectrum for patients with OCD has certain spectral characteristics of schizophrenia, but there is a repetitive trend between the recovery period and the task period.
Interpretación judicial, ambiente y dignidad
Authors: Magoja Eduardo Esteban
Published: June 2020

En el marco del desarrollo del denominado “Estado ambiental de derecho” existe un aspecto interesante a nivel iusfilosófico que tiene lugar directamente sobre la base de los compromisos asumidos por los jueces: el valor de la dignidad humana en relación con el cuidado del ambiente. Este trabajo se propone demostrar cómo en la jurisprudencia de los últimos años de la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación argentina, concerniente al derecho al agua potable y la protección de los recursos hídricos, el respeto de la dignidad se encuentra en el centro de la labor interpretativa y constituye un criterio rector en la toma de decisiones judiciales.
Effects of intimate partner violence among Seventh-Day Adventist church attendees
Authors: Drumm René , Popescu Marciana , Kersting Robert
Published: June 2020

This analysis examines the effects of spouse abuse among a group of conservative Christians, specifically Seventh-day Adventists. The results highlight four broad types of effects associated with abusive behaviors in this sample: emotional disturbance, parental abuse or neglect, suicidal ideation, and spiritual disengagement. The analysis investigates risk factors associated with these effects and finds two primary risk factors – experiencing recent intimate partner violence and having a difficult economic situation. By identifying spiritual disengagement and its related factors, this analysis adds a significant dimension to the literature on the effects of intimate partner violence among religiously affiliated people.
The Mother Menagerie
Authors: Weinberg Merlinda
Published: June 2020

In a qualitative study, social workers compared young single mothers to animals. I believe the metaphors illustrated some of the paradoxes and tensions in the helping relationship. The analogies served to deal with workers’ ambivalences about aspects of power inherent in their positioning as agents of disciplinary practices. Despite evidence of empathy, the animal metaphors also exposed worker disapproval and emotional distance. The clients were viewed as out-of-control, with poor judgment, difficult to engage, and unable to protect themselves or their children. By these comparisons, the differences between workers and clients were polarized, reinforcing an existing hierarchy of morality, normalcy, and worth.
Reframing Spirituality, Reconceptualizing Change: Possibilities for Critical Social Work
Authors: Butot Michèle
Published: June 2020

This article examines the possibilities and potential of spirituality in critical social work, both in relevant literature and in the views of participants in a research inquiry undertaken over the past two years. My purpose is twofold: first, to explore how critical conceptualizations of spirituality might alter the ways in which social workers frame social and individual change; and second, to suggest that it is imperative for critical social work to address spiritual issues.
Exploring the Spiritual Dimension of Social Work
Authors: McKernan Michael
Published: June 2020

Social work’s response to the rising levels of public and professional interest in spirituality poses some important questions:

i.Why is this important to social work practice? ii.What do we mean by spirituality? iii.What are the obstacles posed by religious and spiritual traditions that must be overcome to honor social work values and wisdom? iv.What research is available to help us understand the value of spirituality to clients? v.How can spirituality help us to serve our clients?

Based on research conducted as a Muttart Fellow, the writer uses these questions as a framework for exploring the role and significance of spirituality in social work. The article ends with specific, applied benefits that a credible spiritual perspective brings to social work practice.
Listening for Meaning
Authors: Clark Janet L.
Published: June 2020

The need to attend to the spiritual and religious dimensions of a person’s worldview and frame of reference is an axiom of spiritually-sensitive practice, but practice models and processes for facilitating this kind of integrative understanding are few. This paper addresses this gap. Reported are findings from an interpretive study that utilized a novel method of in-depth reflective inquiry to access and analyze the experienced knowledge of frontline practitioners regarding ways of understanding the meanings, and the source of meanings, that people use to interpret their experiential reality. What emerged in the analysis was not a toolbox of assessment techniques, but rather an integrative model for spiritually and culturally sensitive practice – a model grounded in interwoven capacities to navigate complexity, to inquire reflexively, to think critically, and to engage interpretively in an inductive, improvisational and dialogical process of co-creating space for shared understanding of meanings that people use to interpret the world and their place in it.
Farm Families and Bovine Tuberculosis
Authors: Griffore Robert J. , Phenice Lillian A.
Published: June 2020

Some farm families in Michigan are finding that their cattle have Bovine Tuberculosis. When this occurs, they face a challenge to their family business, their family processes, and their way of life. The Michigan Bovine TB eradication program also confronts them. Together, Bovine TB and the eradication program cause significant stress, straining the relationship of farmers with their farm ecosystems, and causing the loss of ability to effectively participate in decision-making that is crucial to the farm family and the farm business. These experiences define farm families as recipients of environmental injustice. There is a need to achieve environmental justice by reducing the impact of Bovine TB, as well as adverse effects of programs designed to eliminate the disease.
Demarcating Gender and Sexual Diversity on the Structural Landscape of Social Work
Authors: Mulé Nick J.
Published: June 2020

The importance of demarcating gender and sexually diverse populations in structural social work theory is discussed from a differently centred cultural group perspective highlighting distinct qualities that fall outside normative gender identities and heterosexuality. Historical oppression experienced by these populations has likened their inclusion in structural social work theory yet the continued marginalization of these populations and associated implications are not to be lost sight of. A means of bringing currency to structural social work theory with regard to these populations is to embrace liberationist goals taking intersectionality into consideration. Such goals are in alliance with the social work values of acceptance, self-determination and respect working towards social justice and emancipation, and go far beyond the rights-claims equality agenda that sustains a slightly varied hegemony, giving the social location of gender and sexually diverse groups relevancy and viability on the structural landscape of social work.
Hegel's Guilty Conscience: Three Forms of Schuld in the Phenomenology of Spirit
Authors: CONGDON MATTHEW LYONS
Published: June 2020

In what we might call its particularly Christian manifestation, “guilt” denotes the feeling or fact of having offended, the failure to uphold an ethical code. Under such terms, “guilt” connotes negative consequences: shame, punishment, and estrangement. Yet, penetrating further into its meaning and value, one finds that guilt extends beyond this narrow classification, playing a productive, necessary, and ineluctable role for recognitive sociality. This paper examines guilt as it appears in Hegel’s thinking. I find that Hegel’s understanding of Schuld (guilt) in the Phenomenology, undergoes a crucial development over the course of the chapter titled, “Spirit,” culminating in a robust understanding of guilt that represents not a hopelessly broken bond, but a bond that awaits its fulfillment, its very incompleteness exerting a palpable pull upon the guilty party towards its fulfillment.

I examine three key moments in “Spirit”: Hegel’s treatments of Antigone, the French Revolution, and the confession and forgiveness of evil. By comparing these moments, I distinguish between “abstract guilt,” guilt that only brings about shame and punishment, and what we might call “determinate guilt”: guilt that brings about action, reminds one of her/his indebtedness to the other. Understanding the development of guilt from the beginning to end of “Spirit” provides an entryway into a discussion of the social and political relevance of Hegel’s conception of the subject as—in a certain sense—always already guilty.

I go on to argue that guilt as indebtedness and responsibility only exists as embedded within an already recognitive social structure. Re-thinking guilt as responsibility is not, therefore, a call to a new objective a priori moral system. Rather, it invites us to think through our recognitive being-together in a way that shakes off its metaphysical fetters. Such an ethics of recognitive intersubjectivity is an infinite task—not in the futile sense of the “unhappy consciousness”—but in the sense that we are responsible for constantly understanding, critiquing, and reforming ethical commitments that can only be (understood as) ours.
Tumor budding in cervical carcinoma: Associations with some clinical and pathological factors
Authors: Stanulovic Nevena , Ivkovic-Kapicl Tatjana , Mandic Aljosa , Gutic Bojana
Published: June 2020

Background: Tumor budding is recognized as an important independent prognostic factor in colorectal carcinoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the grade of tumor budding and association with other clinical and pathological features in patients with cervical carcinoma. Material and methods: We evaluated pathohistological data from 91 cervical carcinoma patients (mean age: 53.8 years) who underwent radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphatic dissection at the Oncology Institute of Vojvodina between January 2010 and December 2018. Tumor budding was evaluated in invasive front of the tumor. Based on the number of bud counts/10 high power field, three groups were formed: with no budding, with less than 15 buds, and with more than 15 buds. Results: Eighty (87.91%) of evaluated cervical carcinomas were squamous-cell type, while 12.09% were adenocarcinomas. All carcinomas were graded (HG1-HG3). Average diameter of the tumors was 25 mm (81.6% < 4 cm and 18.4% > 4 cm). Metastases in lymph nodes were present in 30 (32.9%) cases. Based on the number of bud counts/10 high power field there were 35.1% with no budding, 32.9% with less than 15 buds and 37.3% with more than 15 buds. There was a significant association between tumor budding grade and histological grade (p=0.04), as well as with tumor budding grade and the diameter of the tumor (p=0.04). Conclusion: As a quantitative measure of cancer cell dissociation, tumor budding is associated with poor prognosis in cervical carcinoma and should be considered as a prognostic factor.
Preoperative hemoglobin and uric acid levels as risk factors for acute kidney injury in cardiac surgery patients
Authors: Golubovic Miodrag , Preveden Andrej , Zdravkovic Ranko , Vidovic Jelena , Mihajlovic Bojan , Rajic Jovan
Published: June 2020

Introduction. Acute kidney injury associated with cardiac surgery is a common
and significant postoperative complication. With a frequency of 9 - 39%
according to different studies, it is the second most common cause of acute
kidney injury in intensive care units, and an independent predictor of
mortality. This study aimed to investigate the importance of preoperative
hemoglobin and uric acid levels as risk factors for acute kidney injury in
the postoperative period in cardiac surgery patients. Material and Methods.
The study included a total of 118 patients who were divided into two groups.
Each group included 59 patients; the fist group included patients who
developed acute kidney injury and required renal replacement therapy, and
the second included patients without acute kidney injury. Types of cardiac
surgery included coronary, valvular, combined, aortic dissection, and
others. All necessary data were collected from patient medical records and
the electronic database. Results. A statistically significant difference was
found between the groups in preoperative hemoglobin levels (108.0 vs. 143.0
g/l, p = 0.0005); postoperative urea (26.4 vs. 5.8 mmol/l, p = 0.0005) and
creatinine (371.0 vs. 95.0 ?mol/l, p = 0.0005), acute phase inflammatory
reactants C-reactive protein (119.4 vs. 78.9 mg/l, p = 0.002) and
procalcitonin (7.0 vs. 0.2 ng/ml, p = 0.0005), creatine kinase myocardial
band isoenzyme (1045.0 vs. 647.0 mg/l, p = 0.014); duration of
extracorporeal circulation (103.5 vs. 76.0 min, p = 0.0005) and ascending
aortic clamp during cardiac surgery (89.0 vs. 67.0 min, p = 0.0005). The
exception was the preoperative uric acid level, where there was no
statistically significant difference (382.0 vs. 364.0 ?mol/l, p = 0.068).
There was a statistically significant correlation between the use of
inotropic agents and acute kidney injury development. Conclusion. There is a
correlation between the preoperative low hemoglobin levels and postoperative
acute kidney injury. There is no statistically significant correlation
between the preoperative levels of uric acid and postoperative acute kidney
injury.
Cardiac lipoma causing obstructive sleep apnea: A case report
Authors: Miljkovic Tatjana , Drljevic-Todic Vanja , Pantic Teodora , Velicki Lazar , Lazarevic Aleksandar , Samardzija Golub
Published: June 2020

Introduction. Cardiac lipomas are rare benign cardiac tumors. The symptoms
they cause and the diagnosis depend on their size and location. Case Report.
We report the case of a 69-year-old male, whose main symptom was progressive
dyspnea on exertion and in the supine position. The diagnosis of a large
subepicardial lipoma in the wall of the right atrium, causing superior vena
cava compression and consecutive obstructive sleep apnea syndrom, was made
using different imaging techniques. The patient underwent open heart
surgery, and the tumor was extracted with no intraoperative and
postoperative complications. During a 1-year follow up, he remained
asymptomatic, with no clinical signs of obstructive sleep apnea after the
surgery. Conclusion. When it comes to the diagnosis and treatment of
obstructive sleep apnea, cardiac tumors should be considered.
From an artesian well to the procurement of equipment and furnishing of the city artesian spa in Novi Sad
Authors: Krasnik Rastislava , Zvekic-Svorcan Jelena , Strikovic Viktor , Samardzic Sara , Bobic Branislav , Mikov Aleksandra
Published: June 2020

Introduction. In 1897, the city government of the Free Royal City of Novi Sad
proposed exploration for drinking water for adequate water supply in the
city. Iodine Spa Novi Sad. An artesian well showed to have healing
properties, which was a prerequisite for the development of the future spa
that grew into the famous Iodine Spa Novi Sad. The Art Nouveau building of
the Novi Sad City Spa was completed in 1910. In 1909, the city authorities
issued a public notice to procure the necessary equipment and furnishing. In
the turbulent years that followed, the City Iodine Spa has changed its name,
exterior and interior appearance, as well as its equipment and furnishings,
but kept its profile as an institution that fits the needs of every
individual who may seek and find professional help under its auspices.
Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles and Coating with Chitosan
Authors: ATEŞ Mehmet , YILMAZ Ersen , KAR Bülent , KARS DURUKAN İlknur
Published: June 2020

Recent advancements in nanotechnology have garnered increasing attention due to the improvements in producing and utilizing particles whose sizes are extremely small. There is particular interest in metal nanoparticles due to their distinctive properties. Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) have been of particular interest owing to their unique electrical, optical and physicochemical properties as well as their biomedical applications. Ag-NPs are the fastest growing class of nanoscale materials because of their antibacterial activities. They are now considered to be the next generation antimicrobials. Today, owing to their disinfectant properties, Ag-NPs are extensively used in numerous consumer products, including disinfecting medical devices and home appliances, paints, optical devices, plastics, textiles, soaps and laundry detergents, cosmetics, health-care products, as well as in food packing and food products as preservative and anti-caking agents. Despite their widespread usage, the products containing Ag-NP additives are a serious environmental and human health concern because of their toxicity. Studies on cell and bacterial cultures have shown that Ag-NPs are toxic; and the toxic effects are mainly due to the dissolved Ag ions when Ag-NPs degrade in water. In this study, considering the criteria outlined above, the purpose of the study and Ag-NPs were chemically synthesized in the laboratory environment and modified as chitosan coating. UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray crystallography and zeta potential analysis were used to characterize the silver nanoparticles.
PEMBERIAN TUGAS PRA-PEMBELAJARAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KESIAPAN BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Budi Wijaya I Komang Wisnu , Windayani Ni Wayan Krisna
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : 1) mendeskripsikan efektivitas pemberian tugas pra-pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kesiapan belajar siswa kelas XI IPA1 SMA Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016 dan 2) meningkatkan kesiapan belajar siswa melalui pemberian tugas pra-pembelajaran di kelas XI IPA1 SMA Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016. Penelitian ini tergolong dalam penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua siklus. Masing-masing siklus terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu (1) perencanaan, (2) pelaksanaan, (3) observasi/evaluasi, dan (4) refleksi. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah yaitu peneliti itu sendiri dan juga menggunakan lembar observasi kesiapan belajar dan lembar pemberian tugas. Hasil penelitiannya adalah sebagai berikut : 1) Penerapan metode pemberian tugas pra-pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan kesiapan belajar Kimia pada siswa kelas XI IPA1 SMA Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai tugas siswa dan persentase nilai observasi kesiapan belajar siswa, 2) Penerapan metode pemberian tugas pra-pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan aktivitas siswa kelas XI IPA1 SMA Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja dan 3) Penerapan metode pemberian tugas pra-pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Kimia pada siswa kelas XI IPA1 SMA Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja.ABSTRACTThis research is aimed to (1) know the effectiveness of giving assignments before the lesson in increasing the readiness of students in learning chemistry at grade XI IPA 1 SMA Lab Undiksha, (2) improve the readiness of students in leaening chemistry by giving assignment before the lesson at grade XI IPA 1 SMA Lab Undiksha. This research is classroom action research. This research is conducted two cycles and each cycle consists of planning, implementing, observing/evaluating and reflecting. The instruments used during the research is the reasearcher itself, learning readiness observation sheet, and assigment sheet. The result of experiment shows that giving assignment before the lesson can improve (1) students readiness in learning chemistry, (2) students participation during the class, and (3) students achievement in learning chemistry at grade XI IPA 1 SMA Lab Undiksha.
The life of an XPA-mouse. A posthumanist approach to becoming with humans in laboratory and law
Authors: Van Veen Anne
Published: June 2020

This article is about mice. More specifically about several generations of transgenic mice, XPA-mice, that were born, lived and died in a Dutch laboratory where they were exposed to carcinogens to test if they were more sensitive to these substances than ‘regular’ mice. Taking a posthumanist approach, I analyze the daily lives of these mice as a multispecies choreography. This choreography involves mice, humans and technologies such as cages, performing together to produce ‘the XPA-mouse’ as laboratory mouse. The focus is on daily doings and bodily entanglement, rather than linguistics, making it more inclusive of human bodies, nonhuman animals and materials. However, for the different phrases of this choreography, I do not only discuss what is included but also which moves have been foreclosed, which worlds and accompanying mouse response-abilities have been excluded? This focus on exclusion will show how interspecies power relations both within the lab and within social and legal discourse have greatly constraint the meaning of agency for these particular mice.