bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TEXT TASKS – PREREQUISITE FOR DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVE THINKING IN STUDENTS FROM GRADES 1-4
Authors: Temnikova Maria
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Creative work with text tasks helps to improve the educational process in mathematics for Grades 1-4, to create opportunities for developing education, to provoke the cognitive activity of the students and to develop their thinking. 

Object: The object of this research work is to study certain tendencies for creative work with text tasks and to develop their respective methodology options for work in the education of mathematics for Grades 1-4.

This research work presents some theoretical concepts related to: text tasks; the stages for their solving, some of the tendencies for creative work with them; and the problem-productive strategy for education in mathematics in the primary school. 

Methods: The experimental work includes qualitative and quantitative research of the problems specified in the above paragraph. The following methods were applied: didactical experiment, observation, test, content analysis, mathematical-statistical method for data processing.

Results: As a result of the experimental work it was found out that the percentage of the students from Grade 4 who failed to solve the text tasks with direct and indirect use of relations decreased from 31.2 % to 8.5 %. The percentage of the students who failed to describe situations from their surrounding environment using a mathematical model decreased from 45.3 % to 10.1 %.   The percentage of the students who correctly composed text tasks increased from 29.5% to 71.6%. The difference in the results was proven to be statistically significant.

Conclusion: The applied methodology system of work with text tasks helped to develop knowledge, skills and competencies from a competency cluster “Numbers” and “Modelling”, and to develop creative thinking in the students from Grades 1-4.
INNOVATION IN CRIMINAL POLICY OF IMPOSING ALTERNATIVE SANCTIONS IN SLOVAK JUSTICE
Authors: Tóthová Veronika , Ferenčíková Simona
Published: October 2019

Concept of alternative sanctions imposition is based on principal ideas of so called restorative justice. Fundamental theses of restorative justice have been reflected in the Slovak legislation upon the adoption of applicable criminal- law regulation, namely through the development of the system of so called alternative sanctions vs short-term sanctions of imprisonment. This category of sanctions includes home confinement as a central topic of the article. The sanction of home confinement has passed major changes since its establishment. Material-law terms of such sanction imposition and its essence have gradually changed upon effect of legislation tools. The article provides for analysis of home confinement sanction imposition terms pursuant to the Penal Act in the context of application issues that have been identified, concurrently searching for causes of low frequency of such sanction imposition from the statistical data analysis. Furthermore, the article points to significant application problems of home confinement execution associated with the probation officers institute and monitoring of the sanction execution by technical means that can be considered innovative in the area of sanction execution monitoring. In its final section, the article offers detailed analysis of draft legislation related to the terms of home confinement sanction imposition and execution, as well as the range of criminal acts that can be punished with home confinement. Accordingly, the article presents considerations of possible effects of the proposed regulation on the decision-making judicial praxis. This article is aimed at analyzing the essence and purpose of home imprisonment sanction, the terms of its imposition, application of technical means to control the imprisonment in the context of application praxis issues, as well as evaluating the proposed legal regulation that changes principal terms of home imprisonment sanction imposition and its effects on decision-making and the application praxis.
MULTICULTURAL COMPETENCIES OF TEACHERS AND TEACHER TRAININGS ON DIVERSITY/MULTCULTURALISM FOR INCLUSIVE SCHOOLS AND THE INCLUSION OF ROMA AND MIGRANT CHIDREN - PROJECT ROMIGSC AS CASE STUDY
Authors: Širca Nada Trunk , Dermol Valerij , Novak Trunk Anica
Published: October 2019

Education is a public good and a human right. Access to inclusive, equitable and good quality educational opportunities and assistance for all learners of any age needs to be ensured. Indeed, they are a precondition for social inclusion and protection, full participation in social and civic spheres of life, long-term integration into the labour market and the prevention of exploitation.

In this paper, we discuss the importance of multicultural competencies of teachers and the role of formations/ teacher trainings to support inclusion in schools - with a focus on Roma and migrant children. The aim of this paper is to give an overview on the current situation regarding multicultural competencies and trainings/formations for teachers in Slovenia; and to present how participants of trainings for teachers (training in frame of project RoMigSc) see inclusion of Roma/migrants in Slovenian schools; and how important are teachers’ competencies for supporting inclusion. The methods used in this study are literature review, small-scale research among participants of teacher training in Slovenia in 2017 and 2018; and policy formulations from deliveries of teacher trainings in four countries - Slovenia, Italy, Spain and North Macedonia. The results from the small-scale research show that most of participants were teachers; 66% of respondents had been involved in work with migrant children; 52 % in work with Roma children. Respondents were in general very satisfied with the training delivery. Lessons learned which they liked the most refer to the involvement of different actors in ensuring inclusion; networking; and transfer of experience. The results also show that multicultural competencies of teachers and teacher trainings on diversity/multiculturalism are of key importance for supporting the inclusion of Roma/migrant children. From the results of the small-scale research and policy formulations (from four countries), we can conclude that intercultural competencies and high quality implementation of formations/teacher trainings are of key importance for supporting the inclusion of Roma/migrants in schools.
THE EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF PERCEPTION OF MODERN CHARACTERS IN A GROUP OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Turská Stanislava , Kurotová Jana , Hoštáková Dominika , Chinoracký Roman
Published: October 2019

Nowadays we can run across various applications of modern technologies in all areas of social life. One of these applications is also an eye tracking technology that helps to answer questions related to human-computer interaction. Through the eye tracking technology we have tried to find out how primary school students perceive well-known comics characters with whom they come into contact through various information and communication technologies. Such a study is important in order to determine to which superhero characteristics children tend to be more inclined. Another reason why we decided to focus on this research is that there are currently no publications dealing with the issue. The main conclusion drawn from this research is the fact that primary school students are mainly interested in the positive characters of superheroes, but there are some other features that influence the perception of children, for example the colourful appearance of the character or the interesting equipment the character uses.
APPLIED BEHAVIORAL ANALYSIS THERAPY IN SPECIAL EDUCATION PRACTICE
Authors: Vančová Alica , Nagyová Kristína
Published: October 2019

Applied behavioral analysis (ABA) is an appropriate and scientifically based approach for individuals with different types of handicap. This paper focuses on the brief characteristics of the applied behavioral analysis and also presents the varied use of applied behavioral analysis in special pedagogy. Describing the individually developed ABA educational plans for a participant with autism, the authors point to the effectiveness of intervention based on applied behavioral analysis. For the collection of research data case studies, applied behavioral analysis methods, and participatory observations were used. The obtained data was processed by qualitative analysis. The results confirm the positive results obtained through ABA intervention, especially in the field of communication and behaviour.
DIAGNOSIS OF BLOOD LOSS BY THE METHOD OF DIGITAL STOKS POLARIMETRY OF HISTOLOGICAL SECTIONS OF RECTUS ABDOMINAL MUSCLE
Authors: Bachynskiy Viktor , Vanchuliak Oleh , Syvokorovska Anastasiia-Vira , Garazdiuk Marta , Zavolovych Alina
Published: October 2019

One of the important issues of forensic practice is the estimation of the volume of bleeding. Optical diagnostic methods of histological sections of tissue and liquids are perspective in this area.

Material and methods. The objects of investigation are native histological sections of rectus abdominal muscle, taken from 48 corpses with acute blood loss and 10 – control group with acute coronary death.

Results. The method of statistical analysis of the first-fourth Stokes vector parameters value distributions of microscopic images of histological sections of tissue with fibrillar structure (rectus abdominal muscle, skin, brain) of corpses with varying degrees of blood loss in order to estimate the bleeding volume was tested.

The most sensitive statistical moments of the third and fourth orders that characterize the asymmetry and the kurtosis of change the level of blood loss of the deceased - V = 0 mm3 ÷ 1000 mm3 were revealed
THE EFFECT OF CREATIVE DRAMA ON EMPATHIC TENDENCIES, COMMUNICATION SKILLS AND CRITICAL THINKING OF PHYSIOTHERAPY STUDENTS
Authors: Çınar Murat Ali , Dinler Elif , Yakut Yavuz , Yakut Yavuz
Published: October 2019

The empathic tendency, communication skills, and critical thinking are the professional attitude behaviors that should be in a physiotherapist. The study was planned to investigate the effects of creative drama on empathic tendencies, communication skills and critical thinking of physiotherapy students. This study was carried out in Hasan Kalyoncu University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation between October 2017 and December 2018. 75 freshman physiotherapy students (44 women, 31 men) were included in the study.  According to the results obtained from the study; there was no significant difference between empathic tendencies, communication skills and critical thinking skills of individuals in both groups (p> 0.05). When the creative drama group was compared in terms of gender, there was no significant difference between individuals' empathic tendencies, communication skills and critical thinking skills (p> 0.05). Similarly, when the control group was compared in terms of gender, there was no significant difference between individuals' empathic tendencies, communication skills and critical thinking skills (p> 0.05). We think that this study is a preliminary study on empathic tendencies, communication skills, and critical thinking skills of physiotherapy students. Parameters such as gender, different years of education, and welfare levels can affect empathic tendency, communication skills, and critical thinking skills. There are limited studies in the literature investigating the effectiveness of creative drama in the field of health. Therefore, this work can give an idea for subsequent studies. The studies that are conducted with more patients and which are multi-centered should be done.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LASER POLARIMETRY METHODS OF POLYCRYSTALLINE FILMS OF CEREBROSPINAL FLUID FOR POST-MORTEM INTERVAL ESTIMATION
Authors: Garazdiuk Marta , Bachynskіy Viktor , Vanchuliak Oleh , Garazdiuk Oleksandr , Sarkisova Yuliya
Published: October 2019

Obtaining the most accurate information about an object during its evaluation is one of the most urgent tasks of current forensic medical examination. That is why the application of new technologies in forensic medical expertise becomes an integral part of the technological support of forensic examination institutions.

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of cerebrospinal fluid polycrystalline films, microscopic images, two-dimensional Stokes-polarimetry, and autofluorescent polarimetry in post-mortem interval estimation over long- and short-term time intervals.

Material and methods. The object of the study is cerebrospinal fluid donated from 70 corpses (experimental group) and 20 living persons (control group). Methods used: two-dimensional Stokes-polarimetry, autofluorescent polarimetry.

Results: Quantitative characteristics of the cerebrospinal fluid’s polycrystalline films statistical moments allows us to establish relations between them and the duration of the post-mortem interval at a significant time interval. However, this method does not consider the morphology of the film of the cerebrospinal fluid and its coordinate structure. In contrast to this method, fluorescence microscopy considers the biochemical composition of the biological fluid and carries information about the concentration of molecular complexes of proteins, NADH, flavins, porphyrins, etc. In the early post-mortem period, changes in the cerebrospinal fluid begin precisely with changes in the concentration of biochemical compounds, and crystalline changes are secondary, so it can be argued that this method is most effective for diagnosing the progression of the time in the first hours after death.

Conclusions: Fluorescent laser polarimetric methods allow accurate estimation of the postmortem interval during the first hours after death.  While, the polarization methods is more effective during the long-term periods of time, but has less precision.
FORMATION OF GRANULATION TISSUE BY DRILLING HOLES IN THE CRANIUM AFTER CHEMICAL SCALP BURNS: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Güneş Ali , Erkılıç Ahmet , Çınar Murat Ali , Bilal Sait
Published: October 2019

Although chemical burns constitute 3% to 5% of all burns, they are responsible for 30% of burn-related deaths. Chemical burns cause protein denaturation in physiological proteins by different mechanisms such as reduction, oxidation, corrosion, purification, salinization, and protoplasmic poisoning. Time is very important in the treatment of chemical burns. Chemical substances should be removed very quickly from the body. Chemical scalp burns (with bones) are a rare injury in clinical practice. In the case of scalp burns, including bones, it becomes an important problem when flab surgeries fail or cannot be performed. This study was planned to examine the formation of granulation tissue by drilling holes in the cranium after chemical scalp burns, and to determine the process of grafting and clinical practice.

A 55-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency department after a chemical burn (nitric acid). He was admitted to the burn center with 20% of the total chemical burn being in the third degree, especially on the head and chest area. The patient was treated with debridement. Since the cranial periosteum was burned, the defect was wide and there was a chemical burn for the second time, graft and flap surgeries could not be performed. Multiple holes were drilled on the skull. Approximately a month later, granulation was observed in all holes in the cranium. The granulated areas in the skull were cleaned and debrided. The defect in the cranium was closed with a split thickness graft. Approximately 15 days later, he was discharged from the hospital. Therefore, after exposure to nitric acid, more than half of the scalp was burned to the bone. After the necrotic tissues were cleaned, the skull bones appeared. Since graft and flap surgeries could not be performed, granulation was stimulated on the cranium by opening holes in the skull.
MENTAL HEALTH OF NURSING STUDENTS WITH REGARD TO THEIR PREVIOUS EDUCATION AND SATISFACTION WITH STUDYING
Authors: Ivana Gusar , Mira Klarin , Ljubicic Marija
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Mental health is defined as the well-being in which an individual realizes his/her potential, is able to cope with normal life stress, and can be productive for the community. Compared to the general population, students under 25 years are more susceptible to various mental difficulties and disorders.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the differences in the mental health of nursing students with regard to previous education and association between mental health, satisfaction with studying, age and year of study.

Methods: The study was conducted on a sample of 76 students, by using the MHS-38 Mental Health Inventory, which examines anxiety, depression, loss of control, well-being, emotional ties, general positive affect, life satisfaction, and the mental health index. To test the differences between the results on mental health scales and students' satisfaction with respect to prior education, the Mann-Whitney U test was used. Association between variables was analyzed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Linear regression was used to identify predictors of student’s mental health.

Results: The nursing students with prior vocational education had lower well-being, emotional ties, general positive affect and higher levels of depression, and showed lower life satisfaction scores than students with prior general education. In spite of that, students with prior vocational education showed higher scores in the Mental Health Inventory which indicates better mental health. The study’s satisfaction has a significant contribution to mental health, with no contribution of previous education.

Conclusion: There is a difference in the mental health status of nursing students with regard to previous education. The mental health of nursing students is connected with age and satisfaction with studying. Further research is needed to establish a real relationship between mental health and students' satisfaction in the sense of causative consequence, and real differences in respect to the students' prior education.
MONITORING OF PATIENTS' FALLS IN HEALTHCARE FACILITIES
Authors: Ižová Marcela , Vicáňová Michaela , Novysedláková Mária
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION: The issue of hospitalized patients’ falls in healthcare facilities should be one of the most essential interests of healthcare employees. Monitoring, keeping of records and the assessment of the documentation related to the occurrence of patients’ falls in a healthcare facility helps healthcare employees determine the frequency of falls. Monitoring of extraordinary events helps identify weaknesses in patient care and point out recurring issues, which influence the quality and safety of the provided care. A reduction in the number of falls in every healthcare facility requires a complex approach of healthcare employees, which includes admitting, assessing, and reducing the risks of falls.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this report was to point out the occurrence of hospitalized patients’ falls in a healthcare facility.

METHODS: The data collection was done through a survey method (unstandardized survey). The research group was composed of nurses (n=130) providing nursing care to patients in four healthcare facilities in Trebišov, Vranov nad Topľou a Michalovce. The average age of the nurses was 38.7 years old. The results were analyzed through absolute and relative frequency. The Chi-squared test was used as a statistical method. The obtained results were interpreted on the significance level α = 0.05. The sorting criteria included age, type of department, and level of experience.

RESULTS: The obtained results point out that nurses use conversation and observation to assess the risk of patients’ falls. In the research sample, falls occur with an increased incidence. There is a statistically significant contrast (p = 0.02) concerning the way in which nurses in each department report falls.

CONCLUSION: In the issue of falls, nursing documentation plays a big role because falls are documented as extraordinary events. Based on our results, we suggest using a unified, standardized tool to assess the risk of falls in healthcare facilities, as monitoring extraordinary events can influence the quality and safety of the provided nursing care.
CHARACTERIZATION OF HUMAN CYP450 ISOZYMES RESPONSIBLE FOR THE IN VITRO OXIDATIVE METABOLISM OF MESALAMINE USED FOR COLITIS
Authors: Kale Elif , Şen Alaattin
Published: October 2019

Mesalamine [5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA)] is a substantial supportive agent in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), particularly in ulcerative colitis (UC). It is well known that 5-ASA is metabolized by phase II enzymes. And most likely cytochrome P450 enzymes have an important role in this process. However, there is no information to the accuracy of this and which CYP isoforms affect this potential pathway of metabolism. In this study, it was aimed to find out whether other alternative drug metabolism pathways other than N-acetylation, are involved in 5-ASA metabolism, particularly cytochrome P450s. For this purpose, first, a colorimetric method was developed to measure the 5-ASA. Then, it was applied to determine whether mesalamine was metabolized by in vitro with each pure CYP450 isozymes (CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, CYP2C19, CYP2D6). It has shown that 5-ASA acted as a substrate for the CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 isoforms. The incubation of pure CYP isoforms in the presence of prototype substrates together with 5-ASA have led to inhibition of prototype activities of CYP3A4 and CYP1A2. As a consequence, this study demonstrated that the 5-ASA is both a substrate and an inhibitor for CYP3A4, a substrate for CYP2D6, and an inhibitor for CYP1A2. Thus, the prescription of mesalamine together with the drugs metabolized with these CYP isozymes could cause unanticipated adverse reactions or therapeutic failures. These are the new contributions to the literature.
THE PREVALENCE OF INTESTINAL PARASITES IN CENTRAL SLOVAKIA FROM THE YEAR 2000 – RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Kochlanova Tatiana , Kotlebova Nina , Kubickova Tatiana , Novak Martin
Published: October 2019

Introduction: The main group of helminthic infections in Europe includes soil-transmitted helminthiases as well as alimentary helminthiases and cestodes. Typical finds of coprological analyses in our climatic conditions include intestinal nematodes, tapeworms and intestinal protozoa.

Objectives: The primary objective of our study was to analyse changes in the prevalence of intestinal parasites in Slovakia.

Methods: The authors studied the prevalence of intestinal parasites in coprological samples taken from patients in Central Slovakia. Stool samples were prepared and analysed using an optical microscope with 160 – 400 x magnification.

Results: The most prevalent types of intestinal protozoa were Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba coli. The most widespread species of helminths was Enterobius vermicularis. Since 2006, the prevalence of intestinal parasites has rapidly dropped in comparison to the 90s (0.44 % versus 1.32 % of positive findings, respectively).

Conclusion: The results show values rapidly decreasing towards zero for the prevalence of geohelminths and a significant decrease in intestinal protozoa. The authors propose possible epidemiological reasons for this sharp decrease, which points to the potential near elimination of intestinal parasites as a result of improvement in water management, waste management, personal hygiene, maintenance of public spaces as sandpits and parks.
THE POST-MORTEM EVALUATION OF GLUCOSE CONCENTRATION IN BLOOD AND ITS DIAGNOSTICAL VALUE
Authors: Lukočiūtė Gintarė , Ginčienė Karolina , Chmieliauskas Sigitas , Laima Sigitas , Stasiūnienė Jurgita , Fomin Dmitrij , Jasulaitis Algimantas
Published: October 2019

Introduction:  Hyperglycemia is a consequence of uncontrolled diabetes and over a long period of time can lead to serious violations of the various systems of the body. In daily clinical practice, glucose level in blood and glycated hemoglobin are major and frequently used worldwide laboratory findings for the diagnosis of glucose metabolism disorders. In forensic medicine, the diagnostic value of post-mortem blood glucose levels is questionable because of its significant and rapid variation after death. Our research was aimed to analyse glucose concentration in blood after death and to estimate its diagnostic value.

Methods: Data analysis of the State Forensic Medicine Service (SFMS) of Vilnius region of sudden death cases was performed. 238 autopsy findings were analysed. A retrospective analysis was performed using the R commander program.

Results: The analysis included 238 individuals, 161 (67.6%) were men and 77 (32.4%) women. Mean age was 52.28 ± 15.45 yeras. Mean  alcohol level in blood was 2.257 ± 1.482 g/L. Mean post-mortem glucose concentration in blood was 6.716 ± 5.800 mmol/l. The lowest glucose concentration was 0.600 mmol/l and the highest - 33.300 mmol/l. There were no significant glycemia level difference between men and women (p = 0.279). In 6 cases, glucose concentrations were compared before and after death. The difference in blood glucose was insignificant (p = 0.90). There was no strong correlation between ethyl alcohol and glucose concentration (r = 0.037, p = 0.667). There was a weak correlation between age and blood glucose concentration (r = 0.03, p = 0.639).

Conclusions: According to SFMS autopsy data, post-mortem glucose levels remain within the normal values. Evaluation of glucose after death remains a valuable diagnostic criterion for sudden death due to hyperglycaemia, when the hyperglycaemic episode is first and fatal to the subject.
VARIABILITY OF ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE IN CHILDREN WITH DIABETES MELLITUS AND OBESITY
Authors: Nechitaylo Yuriy , Buriak Oleksandr , Pidmurniak Olesya , Kovtyuk Nataliya , Fomina Tatiana
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION: The activity of the cardiovascular system has a clear to the circadian rhythms of a child's body. Daily fluctuations in blood pressure in normal conditions and in pathology is a physiological phenomenon which can play a significant role in developing arterial hypertension and even in the occurrence of fatal cardiovascular states such as heart attacks, strokes, and sudden cardiac arrest activities. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is recognized as a necessary instrumental investigation for diagnosis and management of patients with arterial hypertension and especially in children from high risk groups such as diabetics and obesity it may be even more important for hypertension diagnostics than in adults.

AIM: The objective of the study was to analyze the features of circadian oscillations of blood pressure and heart rate variability in children with diabetes mellitus and hypothalamic syndrome with obesity.

METHODS: Research included 76 children aged 10 to 18 years: 52 children with endocrine pathology (diabetes and obesity) and 24 clinically healthy persons. The peculiarities of nutrition, sleep, and the definition of the chronotype using the Horn-Ostberg questionnaire were carried out. The functional state of the cardiovascular systems was determined by single office measurement and by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.

FINDINGS AND RESULTS: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring revealed a number of differences between the groups of children. In diabetic patients, daytime systolic blood pressure was higher with increased variability, while the night blood pressure was significantly lower and with significantly less variability, compared to other groups. Attention is drawn to the higher level of diastolic blood pressure and lower variability at night in obese children.

CONCLUSIONS: Daily fluctuations of arterial pressure in children with diabetes and obesity differ from healthy persons depending on the type of disease and could be regarded as result of circadian biorhythms disruption. In obese persons it appears in the form of nocturnal SBP and DBP elevation but with index of variability compared to the control group. In diabetic children the circadian BP rhythms deviations appear in form of SBP elevation during the day with higher index of its variability. Their BP changes were associated with the presence of diabetic nephropathy and proteinuria.
Teaching the Relationship of Ads to Content in Media: A Lesson Plan & Assignment
Authors: Meyers Cynthia B.
Published: October 2019

Abstract: This lesson plan and assignment help students understand how the advertisements they see in media outlets are related to media content—that it is no accident if they see an ad for cosmetics in a beauty magazine. After learning about the basic economic incentives of ad-supported media, students are each assigned a different magazine to analyze. They evaluate how the cover and editorial content serve to attract a specific audience defined by demographics and/or psychographics. They learn that those audiences are attracted by the magazine's content so that their attention may be sold to advertisers. Then students analyze a selected ad for the strategies designed to appeal to that targeted audience. They analyze how that ad fits into the "brand friendly" context of the magazine's editorial content.
Advertising in the Archives: Procter & Gamble's Corporate Heritage and Archives Center
Authors: Meeker Shane , McCoy Greg , Timke Edward
Published: October 2019

Abstract: This "Advertising in the Archives" article presents details about Procter & Gamble's (P&G) Corporate Heritage and Archives Center, which are located at the company's world headquarters in Cincinnati, Ohio. The key topics covered include the following: the origins of the Heritage and Archives Center; what is collected; significant oral history efforts; collection strategies; how history is used to innovate for the future; how advertisers and brands use P&G's archival documents and historical materials; how the company preserves its work around the world; P&G's innovations in advertising and storytelling; the archival process; the history of soap operas; some famous P&G product ads; and advice for companies on how and why they should preserve their history for the benefit of the future.
Science Fiction as Media Theory: Teaching The Space Merchants (1952)
Authors: Jenkins Henry
Published: October 2019

Abstract: A classic in science fiction literature, Frederik Pohl and C. M. Kornbluth's The Space Merchants offers a compelling glimpse into critiques of Madison Avenue and consumer culture in America in the early 1950s. This essay offers resources which readers might deploy in teaching this book in their classes, first introducing an approach that reads science fiction writers as engaging with media theory—both consuming and producing accounts of communication technologies and practices. I will explore some of the ways that Space Merchants might be read in relation to, among other works, Vance Packard's The Hidden Persuaders , Jules Henry's Culture Against Man , and early works in the environmentalist movement.
Green Lights or Red Flags? An Assessment of the Implementation of CVS and Dove's "Self Certifications"
Authors: Sheehan Kim
Published: October 2019

Abstract: Many consumers want to support brands that are engaged in solving the key social issues of the day. In 2018, both CVS and Dove took steps to address problems with photo manipulation in beauty images that reduce women's self-esteem. The brands announced that they would stop digitally manipulating advertising images in both traditional and online media and that they would include a mark or seal on images to indicate this decision to consumers. These types of certifications are known as "self certifications" or "selfie seals" because they are not awarded by an independent and objective entity but rather by the brands themselves. This study explores CVS's and Dove's self-certifications in terms of the prevalence of usage of the seals on digital content and the visibility of these seals to consumers. Despite the initial public relations blitz, the vast majority of digital content from both brands do not feature the seals. In consumer surveys about the seals, many women exposed to a branded social media post with a self certification do not see the actual seal, and many who do see the seal interpret it incorrectly. As a result, these seals may not be addressing an important social issue and could instead be reinforcing existing self-esteem issues. Recommendations for brands considering the use of seals are presented.
"Big Data Is Not the Answer to Everything": Advertising Practitioners' Perception of Big Data
Authors: Chen Huan , Sahm Brittani
Published: October 2019

Abstract: Big data is a popular buzzword in many industries today. As more data about consumers and citizens become available due to ever advancing digital technologies, learning how to effectively collect, sort, interpret, and use big data becomes an urgent task and capability for many companies. However, big data is still a group of numbers that professionals must manipulate in order to make sense of it all, which then can be used for particular purposes. This study sought to examine the ramifications of the explosion of big data in advertising through interviews with eleven decision makers in the advertising industry. Four themes emerged from these interviews: Great(er) Expectations, Overworked and Insecure, Humans vs. Machines, and What is "Big Data" Anyway? Implications of these experiences were examined. Through in-depth interviews with professionals managing big data every day, results contribute to the advertising literature by bringing a greater understanding of big data's implications and possible societal and cultural impacts.
Roundtable on Masculinities and Advertising, Part II
Authors: Bui Dzu , Gottfried Barbara , Katz Jackson , Serazio Michael , Smulyan Susan , Thomas Kevin D. , Weston Brian , O'Barr William M. , Timke Edward
Published: October 2019

Abstract: In the last few years, masculinity has become an especially important topic among scholars and advertisers. Rather than seeing masculinity as a singular way to express one's gender identity, the focus has shifted to understanding the nuances of various masculinities. To contribute to this conversation, Advertising & Society Quarterly assembled a group of leading advertising practitioners, scholars, and activists in Boston for a roundtable on masculinities and advertising. Part II of the Roundtable on Masculinities and Advertising covers the following topics: the relationship between violence and masculinity in media and advertising; advertising's role in changing understandings of masculinity; how advertisers and brands have taken up cultural and social issues as part of their business; masculinities around the world; whether social issues in advertising are used for social good or the bottom line; diversity and inclusion in the advertising workplace; and reflections on future possibilities for social and cultural change.
Black Masculinities and the Media: An Interview with Filmmaker and Activist Byron Hurt
Authors: Hurt Byron , Thomas Kevin D.
Published: October 2019

Abstract: In this interview, Byron Hurt reflects on his career and how he has become a prominent activist, speaker, filmmaker, and writer about media's roles in shaping Black identities and culture, especially constructions of Black masculinity. In addition to detailing his career trajectory, Hurt discusses many important topics: his inspiration to make films, the power of filmmaking to make cultural change, the filmmaker's place within a documentary, changing notions of Black masculinity, the constraints advertising and media place on Black men and boys to define their manhood, Black men's assertion of power over Black women, intersectionality, digital media's possibilities for more diverse expressions of Black identity, his current and future projects, advice for advertisers on how to represent people of color, and the importance of providing contextual details when representing a particular group of people or a controversial topic.
Intussusception in the Setting of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
Authors: Zhornitskiy Alex , Marya Neil B. , Tabibian James H.
Published: October 2019

A 53-year-old man with tuberous sclerosis complex presented with severe, acute, right lower quadrant pain. The patient was found to have ileocolonic intussusception and a cecal mass on imaging. Diagnostic colonoscopy revealed a 3-cm cecal lesion which was grossly equivocal for hamartoma, adenoma, or other neoplasm, biopsies of which revealed villous adenoma. Given the lesion was believed to represent the trigger point for intussusception, the patient was referred for surgical resection, the histopathology from which the lesion was identified to be invasive adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent hemicolectomy, with plans for routine postoperative colon cancer surveillance. This case is unique because previously published literature has not described adenocarcinoma in an adult with tuberous sclerosis complex and it calls attention to the need to maintain unsuspected cancer high on the differential in adults with intussusception.
A Patient With Good Syndrome Complicated With Phlegmonous Gastritis
Authors: Campos-Murguía Alejandro , Marfil-Garza Braulio A. , León-Lara Ximena , Jiménez Gutiérrez José M. , Botello-Partida Sergio L.
Published: October 2019

Phlegmonous gastritis (PG) is a rare and severe infection, with less than 500 cases reported. Similarly, Good syndrome represents a rare adult-onset immunodeficiency with a prevalence of 1 in 500,000 people. We present the first case of a patient with Good syndrome complicated with PG. Given that up to 50% of patients with PG do not have an identified risk factor, underlying immunodeficiencies should be conscientiously investigated.
Management of Hemodynamic Collapse After Liver Transplantation From Native Bile Duct Stump Hemorrhage with Gelfoam
Authors: Wang Xiao Jing , Buttar Navtej , Storm Andrew C.
Published: October 2019

Spontaneous hemobilia is a rare complication after liver transplantation and is largely secondary to the formation of an arteriobiliary fistula, which is generally treated by vascular interventional radiology embolization. We present a case of hemorrhagic shock secondary to arterial hemorrhage at an oversewn bile duct stump after liver transplantation, which failed vascular interventional radiology embolization, and was subsequently controlled using an endoscopic application of a gelatin sponge slurry (Gelfoam). We present this unique approach and review the history of this surgical and interventional hemostasis tool that has not been previously described for endoscopic use.
Alternative Wirklichkeiten?
Authors: Götz-Votteler Katrin , Hespers Simone
Published: October 2019

Fake News und Verschwörungstheorien haben Hochkonjunktur: Lügen werden als Informationen getarnt und fadenscheinige Theorien ziehen bisher anerkannte Wahrheiten in Zweifel. Und spätestens wenn mit dem Begriff »alternative Fakten« Wahlmöglichkeiten auf dem Feld der Tatsachen suggeriert werden, kommt die Frage nach der willkürlichen Manipulation der Wirklichkeit auf. Doch was sind Fake News eigentlich? Wie funktionieren Verschwörungstheorien? Und warum sind wir dafür offensichtlich so anfällig? Katrin Götz-Votteler und Simone Hespers gehen den Gründen für den gegenwärtigen Erfolg dieser Phänomene nach und zeigen, wie kommunikative Mechanismen und Prozesse unbewusst auf unsere Meinungsbildung wirken. Der Sprache als wesentliches Kommunikationsmittel kommt hier eine ebenso große Bedeutung zu wie visuellen Codes und Bildern, die vor allem in Form von Fotografien ein »Fenster zur Welt« auch außerhalb der eigenen Erfahrungsmöglichkeiten öffnen.
Wie klingt es im »Paradies«?
Authors: Zimmer Hans-Jakob
Published: October 2019

Reiseberichten eilt in der Musikforschung ein ambivalenter Ruf voraus: Mitunter kategorisch abgelehnt als ernst zu nehmende Quellen, bergen sie gleichwohl häufig einzigartige Informationen zur musikalischen Frühgeschichte von Ethnien und Ländern. Darüber hinaus erweisen sie sich als wertvolle mentalitätsgeschichtliche Dokumente ihrer Autor_innen. Hans-Jakob Zimmer unternimmt die bislang umfangreichste Auswertung deutschsprachiger Reiseberichte im Hinblick auf das Musikleben des Landes Brasilien, welches nach der Umsiedlung des portugiesischen Königshofs nach Rio de Janeiro im Jahr 1808 zu einem Sehnsuchtsort für Naturforscher, Reisende und Auswanderer avancierte.
Fremdheiten und Freundschaften
Authors: Thürmer-Rohr Christina
Published: October 2019

Die Welt liegt in Scherben, so heißt es. Und sich mit einer Welt anzufreunden, die sich der Anfreundung entzieht, scheint paradox. Christina Thürmer-Rohr kreist in ihren Essays zu Feminismus, Pluralität, Dialog, Außenseitertum, Vergänglichkeit und zum politischen Denken Hannah Arendts um den Widerstreit zwischen dem Heimatlichen und dem Unheimlichen - und um die Fiktionen vom »heilen« Geschlecht. Sie widerspricht dabei der Annahme, Fremdheit sei das Andere der Freundschaft, Freundschaft das Andere der Fremdheit. So entsteht eine Karte, auf der man sich hin- und herbewegen kann, denn die Nachbarschaft der einzelnen Texte eröffnet Türen zu Lesarten, die nicht in den gewohnten Spuren bleiben, und führt zu unerledigten Fragen, die keine Ruhe lassen.
Private Museen für Gegenwartskunst in China
Authors: Schmidt-Yin Meng
Published: October 2019

Das Wort »privat« war seit Mitte der 1950er Jahre und vor allem in Folge der Kulturrevolution für Chinesen lange Zeit nicht greifbar - das Gesellschaftsverständnis war vielmehr vom Kollektiv geprägt. »Privatbesitz« als Gegenstück zum »Staatsbesitz« tauchte erst nach der Reform und Öffnung 1978 wieder auf. Die Entstehung privater Kunstmuseen ab 1998 spiegelt in vielerlei Hinsicht den Prozess dieser Gesellschaftstransformation wider. Die vielschichtigen Zusammenhänge zwischen dem politischen und ökonomischen Wandel Chinas, der rasanten Ausbreitung der Gründungen privater Kunstmuseen und der Entwicklung sowie Rezeption der chinesischen Gegenwartskunst stellt Meng Schmidt-Yin in einem interdisziplinären Ansatz dar.
Die Soziologie der Kritik
Authors: Wallmeier Philip
Published: October 2019

Der Handbuchbeitrag stellt die »Soziologie der Kritik« (SdK) als Baukasten vor, der sich zur Analyse von Protest, Widerstand und sozialen Bewegungen eignet. Im Rahmen der SdK wird untersucht, wie Personen Kritik üben, sich rechtfertigen und dabei die Welt ordnen. Entgegen den Konnotationen ihres Namens ist die SdK keine soziologische Subdisziplin und auch kein in sich konsistentes Theoriegebäude, sondern ein Fundus an Konzepten und Ideen, die zusammengenommen eine Perspektive auf die soziale Welt ergeben. Dieser Baukasten-Charakter der SdK verdankt sich auch Luc Boltanski, einem der Begründer dieses Ansatzes, dessen Konzepte - genau wie die seines Lehrers Pierre Bourdieu - eher erfahrungsgesättigt als theoretisch abgeleitet sind und auf dessen Arbeiten das Kapitel aufbaut. Entsprechend verfolgt auch das Kapitel keinen systematisierenden Anspruch, sondern stellt einige Konzepte vor, die zur empirischen Analyse von Widerstandsbewegungen nützlich erscheinen. Ich beginne den Aufsatz mit einer anwendungsorientierten Darstellung der SdK (Abschnitt 2). Danach beschreibe ich am Beispiel eigener Untersuchungen, wie die SdK zum Verständnis der Kommunenbewegung in den USA beitragen kann (Abschnitt 3), und deute zum Schluss auf offene Fragen und Probleme des Ansatzes hin (Abschnitt 4).
Hardbass: Intersectionality, Music, Social Media, and the Far-Right on the European Periphery
Authors: Daniel Ondrej
Published: October 2019

Ondrej Daniel examines in his chapter the phenomenon of »hardbass«, a distinct style of music and performance which takes place in public spaces, both physical and virtual, and has been produced and propagated mostly by people with links to far-right social movements in eastern, central-eastern and south-eastern Europe since the beginning of the 2010s. Hardbass is one of the rare cultural developments of the last decade that may, for various political, demographic, economic and social reasons, be seen as a result of an East-to-West cultural transfer. Given the mass accessibility of audiovisual recording tools such as smartphones, recordings of hardbass performances - typically 3-4 minute videos of masked dancers in a public space promoting a pro-healthy lifestyle, anti-drugs message - have circulated on YouTube, Facebook and other online platforms, making them viral and also replicable. Drawing on examples of DIY music videos shot and circulated between 2010 and 2012, my analysis seeks to contextualize these scenes in a processual understanding and on an intersection of the social categories.
Praxisbezogene Jazz- und Popmusik-Studiengänge al s Orientierungspunkte für die Popularmusikforschung in Deutschland
Authors: Thom Nico
Published: October 2019

Nico Thom widmet sich in seinem Beitrag dem unausgewogenen Verhältnis von Theorie und Praxis in der zeitgenössischen Popularmusikforschung Deutschlands. Sowohl Lehre als auch Forschung sind dominiert von theoretischen Perspektiven auf populäre Musik. Praktische Aspekte sind weitgehend ausgeschlossen. Ein Grund dafür ist die historische Separierung der deutschen Musikforschung in Musikwissenschaft, Musiktheorie und Musikpädagogik seit Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts. Eine akademische Diskriminierung bzw. Hierarchisierung der drei Teildisziplinen führte zu einem Ranking mit Musikwissenschaft auf Platz 1, Musiktheorie auf Platz 2 und Musikpädagogik auf Platz 3. Motto: Umso mehr Theorie, umso besser. Seit dem späten 20. Jahrhundert wurde ein weiterer Grund für die Nichtbeachtung der musikalischen Praxis deutlich: Die Dominanz der angelsächsischen, interdisziplinären Cultural Studies mit ihrer Betonung von - vor allem politischen - Theorien und Modellen, die außerhalb der Musikforschung entstanden sind. Daher stellt sich unter anderem die Frage nach den Karrierechancen von deutschen Studierenden mit theorielastigem Popularmusik-Schwerpunkt. Können diese von dem, was ihnen im Studium beigebracht wird, späterhin ihren Lebensunterhalt bestreiten, das heißt ohne praktische Musikausbildung? Innerhalb und außerhalb des Hochschulkontextes gibt es kaum berufliche Perspektiven für diese Studierenden. Um diesen Umstand einen Kontrapunkt entgegenzusetzen, liefert der Beitrag Einblicke in praxisbezogene Jazz- und Popmusik-Studiengänge in Deutschland, wo musikpraktisches Training im Vordergrund steht. Die Curricula dieser Studiengänge sind polyvalenter aufgestellt, um den Absolventen mehr berufliche Möglichkeiten zu eröffnen. Drei weitere Aspekte werden im Text diskutiert: die Chancen durch 1) die Etablierung einer empirischen Ästhetik, 2) einer künstlerischen Forschung und 3) einer Integration der Jazzforschung in die Popularmusikforschung.
Menjadi Ibu Tiri untuk Anak Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Astuti Diah
Published: October 2019

This study aims to determine how the experience of being a good stepmother for children with cerebral palsy (CP children). With the stigma of a stepmother who tends to be negative, is it still possible to be a good stepmother for a CP child? In answering this question, the writer uses Talcot Parson's functionalism-structuralist theory to see the fulfillment of certain conditions for the creation of a stable/harmonious family. Data collection is done by interview and observation techniques. This research concludes that stepmothers are not always bad, not ideal, or evil-tempered. The determinants of how a stepmother is accepted are inseparable from the background of her life and acceptance and support from the family, both the nuclear family or extended family.[Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengalaman menjadi ibu tiri yang baik bagi anak dengan cerebral palsy (anak CP). Dengan stigma ibu tiri yang cenderung negatif, masih mungkinkah menjadi ibu tiri yang baik bagi seorang anak CP? Dalam menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, penulis menggunakan teori fungsionalisme-strukturalis dari Talcot Parson untuk melihat pemenuhan syarat tertentu demi terciptanya keluarga yang stabil/harmonis. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara dan observasi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ibu tiri tidak selalu buruk, tidak ideal, atau berperangai jahat. Adapun faktor penentu bagaimana ibu tiri diterima tidak terlepas dari latar belakang kehidupannya dan penerimaan dan dukungan dari keluarga, baik keluarga inti atau keluarga besar.]