bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
МИТНІ ПЛАТЕЖІ ЯК СКЛАДОВА ФОРМУВАННЯ ДОХІДНОЇ ЧАСТИНИ ДЕРЖАВНОГО БЮДЖЕТУ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ
Authors: Легкоступ Ігор , Саінчук Наталія , Соколюк Марина
Published: August 2023

Стаття присвячена актуальним питанням формування дохідної частини державного бюджету за рахунок надходжень митних платежів. Повнота здійснення фіскальної функції впливатиме на можливість забезпечення достатнього рівня соціально-економічного розвитку країни, оскільки найбільшу частку доходів бюджету складають саме податкові надходження. У статті дана характеристика митним платежам як різновиду податкових надходжень. Мито разом із іншими непрямими податками (податком на додану вартість та акцизним податком), окрім фіскальної функції, забезпечує захист вітчизняного виробника та економіки країни, ефективно регулює зовнішньо - економічні відносини тощо. На основі національної законодавчої бази та міжнародних договорів розглянуто основні характеристики митно-тарифних пільг у вигляді повних або часткових звільнень від стягнення митних платежів. Проаналізовано основні зміни (через введення додаткових пільг), які відбулися у структурі сплати митних платежів після введення воєнного стану а Україні. Досліджено питому вагу надходжень митних платежів до доходів державного бюджету за останні роки та встановлено зменшення суми надходжень за 2022 рік порівняно з попередніми роками.
АНАЛІЗ ПЕРЕВАГ ТА НЕДОЛІКІВ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ВІ-СИСТЕМ У ПІДПРИЄМНИЦЬКІЙ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: Голомб Вікторія , Мержинський Євгеній , Пєтухова Ольга
Published: August 2023

Стаття присвячення аналізу важливих аспектів використання ВІ-систем у підприємницькій діяльності. Досліджено роль аналітичних систем та бізнес-аналітики в управлінні підприємств у сучасному цифровому середовищі. З’ясовано, що на сьогодні існує безліч аналітичних систем, вибір яких залежить від потреб конкретного підприємства. Виявлено основні переваги та недоліки застосування ВІ-систем у бізнесі. Доведено, що основними перевагами є: автоматизація бізнес-процесів, забезпечення точності та швидкості прийняття рішень, вдосконалення взаємодії між підрозділами та зовнішніми партнерами, аналіз даних та прогнозування, управління запасами та логістичними процесами, розвиток інновацій. Проаналізовано недоліки застосування ВІ-систем, а саме: високі витрати, складність інтеграції, вимоги до компетенцій працівників, потенційні загрози безпеки даних, відсутність дослідницького підходу.
РЕГІОНАЛЬНЕ ЗАМОВЛЕННЯ НА ПІДГОТОВКУ КАДРІВ У СИСТЕМІ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ТА ЗБАЛАНСУВАННЯ СТРАТЕГІЧНИХ ІНТЕРЕСІВ УЧАСНИКІВ РИНКУ ПРАЦІ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Гринькевич Ольга , Левицька Ольга , Бараняк Ігор
Published: August 2023

Метою статті є обґрунтування дорожньої карти для визначення регіонального замовлення на підготовку кадрів з урахуванням інтересів учасників ринку праці та стратегічних пріоритетів регіонального розвитку. У дослідженні використано методи системного аналізу для обґрунтування факторів, які визначають кадрові потреби, а також принципів, які важливо враховувати для їхнього прогнозування. Для прогнозної оцінки попиту на професійну та вищу освіту на прикладі Львівської області використано методи кореляційно-регресійного аналізу. Запропонований алгоритм формування регіонального замовлення на підготовку кадрів з урахуванням інтересів різних груп зацікавлених сторін та повноважень виконавців робіт з аналітики та прогнозування ринку праці може сприяти вирішенню проблеми дисбалансів у попиті і пропозиції на робочу силу.
РОЛЬ СФЕРИ ПОСЛУГ У ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННІ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ У КОНТЕКСТІ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ
Authors: Парфентьєва Олена
Published: August 2023

Стаття присвячена дослідження впливу та ролі сфери послуг у забезпеченні конкурентоспроможності національної економіки в контексті реалізації концепції сталого розвитку. Здійснено історичний аналіз еволюції поняття “сталий розвиток”, досліджено його основні складові. Встановлено, що сфера послуг, завдяки включенню в її склад соціальних послуг (таких як освіта та охорона здоров’я), безпосередньо впливає на реалізацію соціальної складової концепції сталого розвитку та забезпечення соціального прогресу. Вплив на економічну та екологічну складові здійснюється за рахунок безпосереднього функціонування сфери послуг та її взаємодії з іншими секторами економіки. Визначено наявність прямого та опосередкованого впливу сфери послуг на забезпечення конкурентоспроможності. Прямий вплив пов'язаний з результативністю та продуктивністю діяльності безпосередньо сектору обслуговування, опосередкований вплив зумовлений розвитком інших секторів економіки країни за рахунок використання послуг. Враховуючи значення сфери послуг у підвищенні конкурентоспроможності національної економіки, а також її вплив на забезпечення сталого розвитку, зроблено висновок про суттєву роль сервісного сектору у формування сталої конкурентоспроможності країни, яка відповідає основним ідеям концепції сталого розвитку і гарантує сильні конкурентні позиції країни в глобальному поділі праці. Запропоновано наступні перспективні напрямки пришвидшення формування сталої конкурентоспроможності: заохочення розвитку та впровадження екологічних послуг; розвиток сталого туризму; надання освітніх послуг для підвищення обізнаності про принципи сталого розвитку; впровадження етичних та відповідальних ділових практик; співпраця з іншими секторами для створення ініціатив сталого розвитку; впровадження інноваційних технологій і практик у діяльність сфери.
СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН РИНКУ ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЇ ВЛАСНОСТІ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Чуницька Ірина , Бондарук Олег
Published: August 2023

Стаття присвячена дослідженню сучасного станку ринку інтелектуальної власності в України. Акцентується увага на тому, що інтелектуальна власність є тією сферою, яка допомагає країні розвиватися економічно в такий важкий час, та наблизити її до світової економіки, міжнародної торгівлі та впливу на міжнародній арені. Розглянуто теоретичні основи ринку інтелектуальної власності, зокрема сутність інтелектуальної власності, її об’єкт та суб’єкт. Так, поняття інтелектуальна власність у сучасній економічній літературі розглядається як з економічної так з юридичної точки зору. Проаналізовані останні зміни в законодавстві щодо інтелектуальної власності. Дані зміни дають підстави стверджувати, що інтелектуальна власність продовжує вдосконалюватися та активно розвиватися в Україні. Разом з тим в даній сфері відбувається посилення та впровадження євроінтеграційних процесів, зокрема в 2022 році Україна набула повноправного членства в регіональній групі Центральної Європи та Балтії (CEBS) Всесвітніх органів інтелектуальної власності, при цьому даний процес тривав з 2017 року. Тобто Україна продовжує активно розвивати відповідний напрямок.
РИЗИКИ БОРГОВОГО НАВІСУ ДЛЯ ЕКОНОМІКИ КРАЇНИ
Authors: Рибак Ганна , Федотова Юлія
Published: August 2023

У статті розглянуто основні визначення терміну «борговий навіс» його складові та головні теорії, що розглядають той чи інший аспект боргового навантаження. Досліджено ризики, що може спричиняти борговий навіс на економіку та виокремлено і позитивні сторони наявності державного боргу. Авторами у статті було виокремлено вплив боргового навісу на реальний сектор економіки. У роботі було досліджено вплив боргового навісу на економіку країни на мікроекономічному та макроекономічному рівнях. Зазначено особливості впливу боргового навісу на макроекономічному рівні на фінансову стабільність, фінансову політику, інфляційні процеси та кредитний рейтинг країни, та на мікроекономічному рівні щодо виникнення валютних, інвестиційних ризиків, що можуть посилюватися ефектом витіснення, а також у сфері міжнародної торгівлі.
PENGARUH EDUKASI SDIDTK MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA VIDEO DAN BOOKLET TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN KADER MELAKUKAN SDIDTK BALITA DI POSYANDU WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS BANGKO KABUPATEN MERANGIN TAHUN 2022
Authors: Yusana Herneli , Rifdi Febriniwati , Fitri Nina
Published: August 2023

SDIDTK activities are integrated with posyandu activities. SDIDTK is one of the flagship programs of Puskesmas. This activity was carried out by health workers comprehensively and coordinated manner with cadres oriented to KIA books. This study aims to determine the effect of SDIDTK education using videos and booklets on increasing the ability of cadres to carry out SDIDTK Toddlers at the Posyandu in the Work Area of the Bangko Health Center in 2022.This type of research is a quasi-experimental design with Pretest-Posttest. The variables studied were the knowledge and abilities of cadres. The research population was all cadres in posyandu totaling 71 people with a sample of 42 respondents with one group sample using purposive sampling technique. The instrument uses video media, booklets, questionnaires and checklist sheets. Data analysis used Paired T-test (p < 0.05).The results obtained on the average knowledge score (Pretest Mean 1.67, SD 0.477 and Posttest Mean 2.00, SD 0.000) and on the average ability score (Pretest Mean 1.67, SD 0.477 and Posttest Mean 1.98 , SD 0.154).There is an effect of video and booklet media on knowledge (p= 0.000) and ability (p=0.000). Continuous development and evaluation need to be carried out so that the skills of cadres are good and the performance of the posyandu also increases.

 

Keywords: SDIDTK, Video Media, Booklet Media, Cadre of Posyandu, Knowledge
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN STIK DAUN KELOR TERHADAP PENINGKATAN NAFSU MAKAN DAN BERAT BADAN BALITA
Authors: Wahyuni Wahyuni , Medhyna Vedjia , Hermalina Fera
Published: August 2023

Decreased immune system and nutritional problems in children under five have a bad impact on the health of children under five for their growth and development. One way that can be done is by utilizing natural ingredients such as Moringa leaves which are processed into foods that are liked by toddlers. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving Moringa leaf sticks to the increase in appetite and weight of toddlers aged 2-5 years in the working area of the Lubuk Gadang Health Center in 2022. The study was conducted in September 2021-March 2022. The research design used was a quantitative study. with a quasi-experimental design of One Group Pretest and Posttest. The population in this study were children aged 2-5 years from October - December 2021 as many as 32 people. The sampling technique is Total Sampling. The data used are primary data and secondary data. Data analysis was carried out univariate and bivariate using the Paired Sample T-Test. The results showed that from the Normality test, the significance value was > 0.05, the data was normally distributed, the univariate test found that the distribution of toddlers' appetite before was more than half of the respondents, 14 people (43.8) had a good appetite, toddler's appetite after that was more from half of the respondents 19 people (59.4) had sufficient appetite, the average weight of toddlers was 12.85 kg to 13.53 kg before and after being given Moringa leaf sticks, and there was a significant effect between appetite and body weight. toddlers before and after being given Moringa leaf sticks with a P-Value value of 0.000 <0.05. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that there was a significant effect between appetite and toddler body weight before and after being given Moringa leaf sticks. So it is recommended for the working area of the Lubuk Gadang Health Center to often provide innovative complementary foods to toddlers in order to improve the nutritional status of toddlers in Lubuk Gadang
The politics of military megaprojects: discursive struggles in Canadian and Australian naval shipbuilding strategies
Authors: Migone Andrea , Howlett Alexander , Howlett Michael
Published: August 2023

Large-scale military platform procurement is an essential but understudied component of the policy studies of megaprojects. Procurement decisions in this area, from ships to aircraft, are examples of a specific type of often very expensive purchases which feature complex multi-actor and multiyear processes characterized by high degrees of conflict between actors over purchases and planning horizons. This study of military procurement efforts of this type demonstrates the importance of maintaining policy ‘alignment’ between governments and service providers for successful megaproject procurement to occur and suggests several strategies for accomplishing this that can be applied to similar large-scale but nondefense-related projects, ranging from hydroelectric dams to high-speed railway development.
The Puzzle of Leadership: The Interplay between Individual Traits and Coordination Mechanisms
Authors: Hlebowicz Kasper , Buhl Jerome , Leu Stephan
Published: August 2023

In social systems, movement of individual group members scales up to spatiotemporal dynamics of the group. However, the level of influence on group movement dynamics can be variable among group members. The influence of an individual is often referred to as their leadership potential. However, despite the common occurrence of leader-follower patterns across various taxa, little is known whether leadership relates to certain traits of the leader or whether it emerges from the behavioural coordination of leader and followers. Furthermore, leadership can also emerge as a by-product of group coordination mechanisms. This review highlights the variability of leadership across individuals, social groups, and populations emphasizing the need for an interdisciplinary research approach. By combining theory, observations, and novel technologies, we can explore the relationships between social responsiveness, movement characteristics, and coordination processes, advancing our understanding of leadership's ecological and evolutionary implications.
Relationship Between Indoor Air Pollution and Respiratory Tract Infections: Bangladesh Perspective
Authors: Hasan Md Rakibul
Published: August 2023

Abstract not available
Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases, December 2022;9(2):38-39
Frequency and Distribution of Multidrug Resistance Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Hospital and Community Acquired Urinary Tract Infection Patient Attended at a Tertiary Level Care Hospital in Dhaka City
Authors: Islam Md Saidul , Yusuf Md Abdullah , Siddiqui Umme Ruman , Debnath Asok Chandra , Shil Ripon Chandra
Published: August 2023

Background: Urinary tract infection is caused by different bacteria of family enterobacteriaceae in the hospital and community acquired infection.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to find out the bacteria causing urinary tract infection, frequency as well as their antibiotic resistance pattern.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology at National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from June 2017 to November 2017 for a period of six months. Different urine samples of patient who were presented with infection in the urinary tract were included as study population. Using sterile container urine samples were taken from both IPD and OPD patients of National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The urine specimen was inoculated on blood and MacConkey agar plates and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. Identification was based on standard microbiological methods The antibiogram testing was done by using modified Kirby-Bauer method. 

Results: A total of 200 urine samples were included for study of which 118(59%) cases showed positive and 82(41.0%) cases showed negative growth. Among 118 samples Escherichia coli were in 56(47.5%) isolates followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae were in 22(18.6%); Citrobacter freundii were in 20(16.9%); Pseudomonas species were 12(10.2%) and Proteus mirabilis were 8(6.8%). Escherichia coli was most predominant urinary tract infection causing species (47.5%) and found most resistant against cefixime (96.4%), azithromycin (92.9%), ciprofloxacin (71.4%); Klebsiella pneumonia was most resistant to amikacin, azithromycin (81.82%), ciprofloxacin, tazobactum/piperacillin (72.7%) cefixime, meropenem (63.7%). Citrobacter freundii was resistance to ciprofloxacin, cefixime (80.0%).

Conclusion: Escherichia coli infections are more common in urinary tract infection patients and predominant resistant against cefixime followed by Klebsiella pneumonia.

Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases, December 2022;9(2):47-52
Intracranial Hemorrhage in the Shadows of Infective Endocarditis as a Silent Menace: A Case Report
Authors: Shukor Ahmad Zulkifli Mohamed , Abidin Mohd Radhwan , Zainulabid Ummu Afeera
Published: August 2023

It is surprising when a patient’s care-taker informed the doctor that their family member could suddenly speak in a different accent. Here we reported a case of a young female with infective endocarditis (IE), who later developed a foreign accent syndrome during her stay in the hospital ward. A plain computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain was performed and it showed a coarse and irregular calcific lesion in the left frontal region. Her condition deteriorated rapidly the next day and she died of intracranial haemorrhage. The haemorrhage was possibly caused by a ruptured mycotic aneurysm, a known complication of IE.
Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases, December 2022;9(2):76-79
Surgical Site Infection by Multidrug Resistant Organisms at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City
Authors: Nesa Meherun , Asna Shah Md Zahurul Haque , Sarker Una Jesica , Karmaker Mousumi
Published: August 2023

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the common causes of hospital borne infections.
Objective: This study was performed to find out the proportion of multidrug resistant bacteria causing SSI.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 99 hospitalized cases in the Department of Microbiology at, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka from July 2016 to June 2017. Ninety-nine bacteria were isolated from Pus samples collected aseptically from infected wounds from patients of BIHS general hospital. Isolation, identification and antibiotic sensitivity was done as per standard method.
Results: Among the 99 organisms isolated, Gram negative bacteria were predominant (70.7%) than gram positive bacteria (29.3%). Among Gram positive bacteria (n=29), 31.0% were methicillin resistant. Among Gram negative bacteria (n=70), 7.1% isolates were ESBL, 78.6% AmpC β-lactamase and 12.3% were Carbapenemase producer. Higher generation antimicrobial agents like Meropenem and Imipenem are still effective against most of the organisms except carbapenemase producing ones. All Gram negative bacilli isolated were sensitive to colistin except Proteus species.
Conclusion: In conclusion most of the isolates were multiply resistant to commonly prescribed antimicrobial agents.
Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases, December 2022;9(2):69-75
Treatment and Preventive Measures of Alzheimer’s Disease: Current Perspective
Authors: Hakim Maliha
Published: August 2023

Abstract not available
Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research, July 2022;9(2):56 -58
Study on Acne Scarring and Its Relationship between Severity and Treatment of Active Acne: An Observational Study
Authors: Khan Asma Tasnim , Hashem Md Abul , Sakib Mohammad Irfan Ullah , Begum Sharmin , Hassan Muhammed Kamrul , Sarkar Nayanmani
Published: August 2023

Background: Incorrectly selected treatment or the presence of severe acne vulgaris can lead to the formation of atrophic scars.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the acne scarring and its relationship between severity and treatment of active acne.
Methodology: This was cross-sectional observation study was performed in the EW VM Health Bangladesh Ltd., Dhaka for a period of 6 months. Evaluation of the types, sites, and severity of acne scars was done, and details of the severity and treatment of acne were recorded. Patients of all age-groups presenting for treatment of acne scars were included in the study.
Results: This study shows maximum (40%) were age group 31-40 years. Face was involved in all the patients with acne vulgaris, which included the cheeks (91%), forehead (43%), jaw (51%), chin (27.0%), and nose (16.0%). The most common type of lesion predominantly observed was comedones (54.0%) followed by papules (53.0%), pustules (43.0%), nodules (29.0%), and cysts (3.0%). It was observed that 21.0% were mild acne, 27.0% were moderate acne and 52.0% severe acne. In grading system of acne scaring, 19.0% were macular acne scar, 14.0% were mild acne scar, 28.0% were moderate acne scar and 39.0% were severe acne scar.
Conclusion: This study found majority of patients with active acne delay treatment, which leads to increased acne scarring.
Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research, July 2022;9(2):69-73
Association of hsCRP with Serum Creatinine in Type 2 Diabetic Patients at Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Aziz Murshida , Ayub Tohfa E , Islam Fahmida , Ahmed Farzana , Jahan Nusrat , Ferdous Nadia
Published: August 2023

Background: High-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a marker of inflammation. CRP may play a significant role as a predictor of inflammation in nephropathy and chronic kidney disease.
Objective: The aim of the present study was to estimate hs-CRP levels and serum creatinine levels among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and to determine association between them.
Methodology: This was an analytical, quantitative, hospital-based study performed on type 2 diabetic patients and was conducted at the Department of Biochemistry of BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. It was analyzed serum concentrations of hs-CRP, serum creatinine, serum glucose and family history of the patients.
Results: This observational study showed that a greater number of diabetics had high serum creatinine level (41% vs 59%). 67.6% of study population had moderate to high level of hsCRP. hs-CRP was found significantly higher in diabetics with renal impairment (1.66±0.86 vs. 7.01±3.44, p<0.001). Serum creatinine had positive (r=0.88, p<0.001) correlation with hs-CRP. Glycated hemoglobin and serum creatinine were linearly related with inflammatory marker. When creatinine increased by 1 unit, hs-CRP increased by 0.84 units (β=0.84, p=<0.001).
Conclusion: This study concludes that the increase in serum hs-CRP value type 2 diabetic patients increase the risk of diabetic nephropathy and thus increase the value of serum creatinine level.
Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research, July 2022;9(2):59-62
Congenital Insensitivity to Pain with Anhidrosis (CIPA): The First Reported Case in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Mohammed Murad , Yusuf Md Abdullah
Published: August 2023

Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) is also known as hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IV. It is an exceedingly rare autosomal recessive disease which occurs due to lack of maturation of small myelinated and unmyelinated fibers of peripheral nerves. These fibers are required for transmission of pain and temperature sensation. This disorder is characterized by insensitivity to pain with intact tactile perception, anhidrosis, self mutilation, recurrent unexplained fever, auto amputation, mental retardation & autonomic nervous system abnormality from infancy. The clinical presentation of a 4-year-old boy with this rare disease is worth to describe, as the first case to be reported in Bangladesh. Rehabilitative treatments for prevention of disease complications and their progress should be given emphasis in every encounter
Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research, July 2022;9(2):91-94
Surgical Treatment of Neglected Elbow Dislocation by Posterior Approach
Authors: Islam Md Nazrul , Islam Md Rabiul , Begum Tahmina , Islam Md Moshabbirul
Published: August 2023

Background: Neglected elbow dislocation often results in contracture and functional impairments. Surgical treatment is challenging because of the accompanying triceps retraction.
Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to surgical outcomes of treating the neglected dislocations of elbow joint using the posterior approach.
Methodology: This was a non-randomized clinical trial over a three years period from January 2017 to December 2019. All the patients who were presented with a neglected elbow dislocation which was older than 21 days were selected as study population. The average follow-up was 18 months with the range 12 to 24 months after surgical procedure.
Results: A total number of 10 patients were treated with an average age of 24.6±10.52 years (range 14 to 48 years). The dislocations were 6.6±3.69 months old on average (range 2 to 12months). Average elbow flexion was 46.5±26.04(15º-90º) and the extension deficit was 14.5±19.58(0º-50º) before the surgery. A paratricepital approach was used in all patients. In 7 patients, the dislocation was reduced without triceps lengthening. In 3 patients, a V-Y plasty of the triceps muscle was required. The improvements in the overall range of motion were statistically significant. Average elbow flexion was118±11.35 (100º-130º) and extension deficit was 20.5±15.17. Complications included one case of ulnar nerve paresis, which subsided within two months, and one case of superficial infection.
Conclusion: In conclusion the functional improvement in neglected elbow dislocations is outstanding.
Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research, July 2022;9(2):63-68
Topographic Pattern of Keratoconus patient at First Presentation in Tertiary Eye Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Mallick Abeer , Romance Naoroze Ferdous , Akter Yasmin , Islam Md Atikul , Dey Hymonti , Quader Md Abdul
Published: August 2023

Objective: To evaluate the topographic pattern of keratoconus patient at first presentation in a tertiary eye hospital of Bangladesh.

Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted over 200 eyes of 100 keratoconus patients attending at National Institute of Ophthalmology & Hospital, Dhaka, for a period of 6 months. Selected patients underwent detail history, ocular and systemic examination as well as related investigations which includes corneal topography, keratometry and auto refractometry.

Results: Mean age of the patients was 21.24 ± 6.25(SD) years and among the patients male predominance was observed, male to female ratio was 2.1:1. The mean unaided visual acuity of better eye was 0.86 ± 0.38(SD) Log MAR and mean unaided visual acuity of worse eye was 1.16 ± 0.44 Log MAR. Among 200 eyes there were 36 mild (18.0%), 100 moderate (50.0%) and 64 severe (32.0%) keratoconus eyes. Majority of the eyes (81.0%) showed three common topographic pattern, these are asymmetric bowtie with skewed axis (32.0%), asymmetric bowtie with inferior steepening (30.0%) and inferior steepening (19.0%). In mild keratoconus patients topography showed largely one pattern, inferior steepening (30.6% of mild keratoconus). In case of moderate keratoconus patients topography shows mainly three patterns, asymmetrical bowtie with skewed axis (19.0%), asymmetric bowtie with inferior steepening (16.5%) and inferior steepening (10.5%). In severe keratoconus patients topography shows mainly three patterns, asymmetrical bowtie with inferior steepening (10.5%), asymmetric bowtie with skewed axis (9.5%) and irregular pattern (8.5%). There was no round, superior steepening, symmetric bowtie or asymmetric bowtie with superior steepening pattern in severe keratoconus.

Conclusion: The pattern of topography varies among the different stages of keratoconus patients. From the topography pattern we can diagnose the keratoconus early and also get the information of severity of the disease and treat accordingly.

J. Natl. Inst. Ophthalmol. 2022; 5(2):31-36
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib and Education in Emergencies
Authors: Rahaman Muhammed Mahbubur , Wahiduzzaman M
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this historical review article is to explore how Bangabandhu’s education philosophy contributed to education in emergencies (EiE). The article analyzed historical documents and events to show how Bangabandhu’s speeches and activities were aligned with the idea of the EIE system. The methodology for this study was chosen to apply scientific method to the description and analysis of Banghabandhu’s biography from an educational and philosophical standpoint. Two basic methodological techniques were used: (a) the critical  analysis of all the available documents relating to Banghabandhu; and (b) descriptive details to  show the extent of the influence of various factors on Banghabandhu’s lifestyle and deeds. The findings establish a significant relationship between the educational thoughts of Bangabandhu and the modern concepts, theories, and practices of education in emergencies (EiE). Analyzing Bangabandhu’s educational thoughts and deeds, the findings indicated that Bangabandhu’s philosophy could be the basis of the contemporary idea of EiE. The findings are significant enough to claim Bangabandhu as one of the founders of EiE. Finally, applying strategies  developed by Bangabandhu’s realistic initiatives may have implications in “real-life” situations  involving EIE. In this way, the findings may enable educators, policymakers, and personnel  working in the field of EiE to understand the local contextual perspective of EiE based on  Bangabandhu’s educational principles and thoughts, with policy implications for mitigating the  loss of education for thousands during and after emergencies.
Vol. 48 (University of Dhaka Centennial Special Issue), June 2022 p.7-26
Policy ‘trail’ from the University of Dhaka to public universities: Construction of ‘education’ as a discipline in Bangladesh
Authors: Kabir Ariful Haq
Published: August 2023

The concept of ‘policy trail’ is often used to understand how certain policy characteristics in terms of ideas, people, and resources have been travelled over time. Drawing on the idea of ‘policy trail’, this paper attempts to understand how ‘education’ as an area of study was established at the university of Dhaka in 1959, and after 50 years of its establishment, how such an idea of ‘education’ as a distinct discipline has been travelled into other public universities in Bangladesh. To present the narratives of the “policy trail” in creating “education” as a distinct discipline in Bangladesh, this article, based on qualitative research techniques, uses a qualitative content analysis in documents. This paper aims to advance knowledge of how policy is transferred from the Global North to the Global South and how such policy genres are transferred through various public institutions within a nation-state.
Vol. 48 (University of Dhaka Centennial Special Issue), June 2022 p.35-50
Provision or limitation? Digital technology experiences of students with disabilities at the University of Dhaka
Authors: Haider Md Shahrier
Published: August 2023

As digital technology is becoming an integral part of education systems, there are substantial risks of a digital divide among the students reaching beyond the divide influenced by different socio-economic backgrounds. Despite there being constitutionally endorsed equality for all Bangladeshis, students with disability often face difficulties in accessing their fundamental human rights, including education. Notwithstanding the nationwide aim for inclusive education throughout, very few students with disability can achieve even limited success, which prompts questions about the system, the process and the provisions. With the qualitative methodology at the core to capture and analyse detailed data in depth and with sufficient trustworthiness, this paper investigated the institutional provisions of technology available for students with disabilities at the University of Dhaka. It particularly focuses on the provisions of digital technology support services of the university and the perceived impact of those provisions on the living and learning of students with disabilities. This study used a multiple case study approach for generating data using semi-structured interviews and FGD. A deductive thematic analysis approach was used for data analysis. The findings systematically indicate that, in most cases, the underdeveloped provision of services is not a result of resource scarcity but mainly a consequence of the perceived unimportance or ‘negligence’ of the needs of students with disability. And these are the results of collective normalised norms and ideals that, by design, exclude such students. The findings also depicted how technology uses helped students with disability to empower themselves and to become primarily self-dependent. However, at the same time, some service provisions and attitudes of relevant personnel led them to opt out of availing equal opportunities to learn and to thrive.
Vol. 48 (University of Dhaka Centennial Special Issue), June 2022 p.83-94
Representation, News Media and the Institute of Education and Research at the University of Dhaka
Authors: Hussain Md Mahmud , Hossain Md Alamgir
Published: August 2023

Looking into representation in news media is a kaleidoscopic yet momentous way to learn how an institution such as the Institute of Education and Research (IER), University of Dhaka, is portrayed and viewed by many. News being just a fingertip away today and somewhat invasive, representation in the news has become more meaningful, far-reaching, and policy-influencing. This content analysis research searched five Bangladeshi news media, both newspapers and broadcast media, over a five-year period, from 2016 to 2020, to understand the nature of IER’s representation in them. The findings reveal that IER is primarily considered an authoritative institution in the field of education and research in Bangladesh, with secondary representation in assorted feature stories. IER faculty members were consulted for their insights into various education and concomitant topics. IER students were also represented, although relatively less significantly, in the form of success stories and soft news articles. A smaller amount of unpropitious representation of IER was also found.
Vol. 48 (University of Dhaka Centennial Special Issue), June 2022 p.109-129
Education through human rights as an innovative right-based pedagogical approach to promote quality education: A case study in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md Khairul
Published: August 2023

Policymakers and educators worldwide are continuing to pay close attention to promoting education through right-based pedagogy in schools to raise educational standards. The government of Bangladesh has paid immense attention to quality education through different policy initiatives and strategic plans, but little is known about right-based pedagogy and quality education in the Bangladesh context. This paper describes the development of right-based pedagogical techniques in supporting quality education at a government secondary school in Bangladesh using a qualitative case study approach with an action research component. Focus group discussions, semi-structured interviews, participant observation and field notes were used to collect data from the head teacher, teachers, and students. This paper seeks to advance knowledge of how Bangladesh might adopt a global framework of human rights education— ”education through human rights”—in order to provide high-quality education. Challenges and implications have also been explored.
Vol. 48 (University of Dhaka Centennial Special Issue), June 2022 p.131-145
Exploring self-efficacy beliefs of Pre-Service Teachers: An evidence from biological science education program in Bangladesh
Authors: Hoq Tahmina
Published: August 2023

Teacher education program equips teachers with skills and competencies for teaching-learning process. An essential part of teacher education program is referred to as practicum. The context of Bangladesh is mostly speculative and theoretical, dealing with concepts of belief and practice of science teachers in classroom only. However, the aim of this is to explore whether the practicum experiences of pre-service teachers (PSTs) in biological science education contribute to shaping and developing self-efficacy beliefs. A qualitative approach with documentary research was adopted for this study. The portfolio of nine PSTs along with interview were used as the principal sources of data. The result reveals that during practicum, the biological science education program has contributed to all the four aspects of self-efficacy beliefs, naming, mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and physiological and affective states. This study highlights the need for biological science education to offer various circumstances to further self-efficacy beliefs.
Vol. 48 (University of Dhaka Centennial Special Issue), June 2022 p.147-165
Perception of different stakeholders and Practice of Disabilityinclusive education at secondary schools in Bangladesh
Authors: Zaman Rayhan Ara , `Raqib A B M Ahasan
Published: August 2023

The paper is focused on the status of disability-inclusive education from policies to practices at the secondary level of education in Bangladesh. The paper explored the classroom teaching[1]learning practice and available resources in secondary schools in this regard. It also attempted to explore the perception of different stakeholders towards disability-inclusive education. 10 secondary schools were selected from Dhaka and Rajshahi divisions following a convenient sampling technique. Data were gathered from teachers, students, and parents of that level and disability-inclusive education experts using the Interview and FGD method. Data were processed and analyzed using Barun and Clarke’s (2006) six-step thematic analysis technique. The results have shown that participation of students with disabilities in secondary schools is nominal and the dropout rate is higher. Though teachers and parents expressed a sympathetic view toward disability, special schooling is the better option for students with a disability according to their opinion. Thus, they lack a positive attitude toward disability inclusion. Moreover, school infrastructure and teaching-learning are not very convenient. Therefore, the study recommends that training facilities, available resources, and the existing infrastructure be redesigned and enhanced; curriculum modification and adaptation in the assessment system should be introduced to successfully implement disability-inclusive education.
Vol. 48 (University of Dhaka Centennial Special Issue), June 2022 p.167-184
Exploring the Challenges of Mathematics Teaching-learning Process at Primary School Level During COVID-19
Authors: Sharmin Rubaiya , Halim Md Abdul , Sultana Tamanna
Published: August 2023

Due to COVID-19 pandamic, students all over the country had to get detached from the normal flow of education. The non-government schools of the urban areas started online education using mainly Zoom and WhatsApp media platforms. This study explores the challenges experienced by both teachers and students during the COVID-19 pandemic while involved in the mathematics teaching-learning process. The study followed an exploratory case study research design. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews via zoom/ mobile phone meetings with 10 primary school teachers and 20 students of primary level and analysed thematically. Also, 10 online primary mathematics classes were observed for data triangulation. This study explored three perspectives curriculum-related challenges, teacher’s challenges and students’ challenges. It is found that appropriateness of the content, alignment of contents concerning time schedules, curriculum objectives and teaching strategies proposed in the curriculum are the major curriculum-related challenges faced by teachers while conducting mathematics classes online. Besides, delivering the lecture, managing the class, assessing students, teachers’ lack of technological knowledge and availability of physical facilities were also identified as challenges in terms of teachers’ perspective. Another finding of this study is that students faced different challenges (e.g. technological, motivational, collaborative work, homework, feedback, and home environment) while learning through an online platform. Based on the study’s findings, the practical implications for academic institutions, curriculum developers, teachers’ trainers and policymakers have been articulated.
Vol. 48 (University of Dhaka Centennial Special Issue), June 2022 p.185-203
Indonesia
Authors: Safitri Arinda , Purnama Sari Julia
Published: August 2023

Sistem Informasi Penggajian (SIPEGA) Pada PT. PBI Kota Bengkulu merupakan sebuah sistem informasi yang dapat mengelola data gaji pada PT. PBI Kota Bengkulu. PT. PBI Kota Bengkulu, dalam pengolahan penggajian saat ini masih dilaksanakan secara manual membutuhkan pengamatan, ketelitian, serta perencanaan rinci dari seluruh proses penggajian. Oleh karena itu, sistem informasi ini akan membantu perusahaan dalam pengolahan data gaji. Sistem Informasi ini akan dikembangkan dengan metode analisis menggunakan metode waterfall. Model Waterfall merupakan proses analisis yang teratur atau berurutan. Perancangan menggunakan, UML, perangangan interface dan perancangan database ERD. Sehingga dalam penelitian ini didapatkan sistem informasi yang dapat membantu mengelola data gaji serta memudahkan pelaporannya.
SISTEM INFOMASI KOPERASI SIMPAN PINJAM PEGAWAI NEGERI (KPN) “MITRA HATI” PADA SMAN 8 KOTA BENGKULU BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Rahmadiansyah Aditya , KZ Oktoeberza Widhia
Published: August 2023

Perkembangan teknologi informasi telah memberikan dampak signifikan pada berbagai sektor kehidupan, termasuk dalam manajemen keuangan dan pengelolaan pinjaman. Dalam konteks ini, koperasi SMAN 8 Kota Bengkulu membutuhkan perancangan sistem informasi yang efektif untuk mengelola kegiatan simpan pinjam pegawai negeri mereka. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang sistem informasi yang dapat mmembantu koperasi SMAN 8 Kota Bengkulu untuk mengelola kegiatan simpan pinjam pegawai negeri dengan lebih efisien dan akurat. Sistem informasi yang dirancang akan mencakup fitur-fitur seperti pencatatan data anggota, pengelolaan simpanan, perhitungan bunga dan laporan keuangan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengumpulan data melalui observasi langsung, wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Data yang terkumpul akan dianalisis dan digunakan sebagai dasar untuk merancang sistem informasi yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan koperasi SMAN 8 Kota Bengkulu. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah perancangan sistem informasi yang terintegrasi dan user-friendly untuk kegiatan simpan pinjam pegawai negeri pada koperasi SMAN 8 Kota Bengkulu. Sistem ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi pengelolaan keuangan, mengurangi kesalahan pencatatan, dan memberikan informasi yang akurat dan terpercaya kepada para anggota koperas.

 

Kata kunci: sistem informasi, simpan pinjam, pegawai negeri, koperasi SMAN 8 Kota Bengkulu.
Pengaruh Sistem Eksitasi Terhadap Generator Sinkron Tiga Fasa Di Unit 1 PT. PLN Indonesia Power ULPL TA Musi
Authors: Zulhakim Aziz , Handayani Yanolanda Suzantry , Priyadi Irnanda
Published: August 2023

PT. PLN Indonesia Power ULPL TA Musi memanfaatkan energi potensial air kemudian digunakan untuk menggerakkan turbin yang dihubungkan dengan rotor generator. Sistem eksitasi memegang peranan penting dalam mengendalikan kestabilan suatu pembangkit sebagai pengendali serta berfungsi mengontrol keluaran generator seperti tegangan, arus dan faktor daya. Sistem eksitasi untuk seluruh unit pada power house PLTA Musi menggunakan sistem eksitasi jenis brush excitation. Eksitasi jenis brush excitation merupakan eksitasi dengan sikat dengan memanfaatkan keluaran generator itu sendiri sebagai eksitasinya. Daya pada generator memiliki 3 macam, yaitu daya aktif (MW), daya reaktif (MVAR), dan daya semu (MVA). Data ini diambil dari data operasi harian turbine hydro PLTA Musi unit 1. Nilai faktor daya tertinggi yang didapat pada saat pagi dini hari sebesar 0,999 Cos  dengan nilai daya reaktif 0,5 Mvar hingga 1,8 Mvar. Sedangkan nilai faktor daya terendah sebesar 0,975 Cos dengan nilai daya reaktif 6,2 Mvar. Semakin kecil nilai daya reaktif maka faktor daya akan semakin besar.
SHORT-TERM MISSION OF THE SOCIETY OF JESUS IN STRYI (1904–1905)
Authors: PETRASH Andrii
Published: August 2023

After a brief ban in 1848–1852, the Society of Jesus restored its activities in the Lviv Archdiocese. The order not only returned to its centers in Ternopil and Lviv during the second half of the 19th century, but also intensified missionary activity in Stanislaviv, Chernivtsi and Kolomyia, where it managed to collect donations and, with the help of local authorities, successfully organize the construction of three large churches.

The article notes, that at the beginning of the twentieth century, the Jesuits received an invitation from Lviv Archbishop Józef Bilczewski to start a mission to Stryi, because the Catholic clergy, together with the city authorities, were interested in building of a new large church for the city, because the presence of one temple was not enough to properly meet the spiritual needs of the population with the Latin rite. The Society of Jesus had two tasks: to organize the collection of donations and the construction of the temple, as well as to engage in pastoral work, primarily among local workers. Such a specific direction of spiritual work was connected with the spread of socialist ideas among the working class in Galicia, and Catholic Church had to respond to contemporary social problems, especially since socialist slogans contained anti-clerical elements.

The Society of Jesus arrived in the city in January 1904, but at the end of October 1905, the leadership of the order decided to end the mission. The article examines the stay of the Society of Jesus in Stryi at that time, highlights the activities of the Jesuits in the city.

Keywords: Society of Jesus, Jesuits, Stryi, Lviv Archdiocese, Roman Catholic Church.
«TALERHOF TRAGEDY» IN THE INTELLECTUAL THOUGHT OF RUSSOPHILES INTHE INTERWAR PERIOD
Authors: ORLEVYCH Iryna
Published: August 2023

One of the complex pages of the history of Galicia has been revealed – the Thalerhof tragedy, when a significant number of Ukrainians, mainly Russophiles and their sympathizers, were arrested by the Austrian authorities and sent to camps (Thalerhof, Terezin, etc.). It is shown that although among the prisoners there were Ukrainophiles and representatives of other folks such as Poles, Jews, Germans, etc., the Russophiles interpreted this tragedy exclusively as «theirs», developing the «Thalerhof» cult in the interwar period in order to restore and strengthen their political strength (it is no coincidence that the founding of the Thalerhof Committee in 1923, which had the task of collecting relevant documentary materials, and the «Russian People's Organization» coincided in time).

The efforts of these figures to create a cult of the «Russian» people as a «martyr» for the «Russian» idea and the images of the enemies, the perpetrators of the tragedy - the Austrian government and Ukrainophiles, are highlighted, ignoring the fact that it was the activities of representatives of the Russophile movement on the eve of the First World War that caused the arrests of their fellow party members and party supporters.

It is traced how Russophiles, whose intellectual activity usually covered various fields (history, journalism, literature, art, etc.), used their own experiences and memories of the war in their own works and how their political and ideological involvement of Russophiles did not allow them to fully focus on scientific and literary studios.

It was established that thanks to the efforts of the Thalerhof committee, it was possible to accumulate documentary evidence of eyewitnesses and participants of this event (personal sources: memories, diaries, drawings, artifacts, government orders, etc.). For the first time, an analysis of the «Inquiry letters» collected by the committee was carried out, which made it possible to find out the reasons for arrests, national identification, conditions of camp life of internees. It was concluded that the peasantry never mastered the «Russian» language, which the leaders of the Russophiles hoped for, and that the prisoners of the camps were not only Galician-Ukrainians of a Russophile orientation.

It has been proven that despite the indicated involvement in this issue, collected documents, artistic and journalistic works and museum exhibits are an important source for reading this page of Ukrainian history.

Keywords: Russophilism, Thalerhof, The Great War, Russian People's Organization, Thalerhof committee.