bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Back calculation of in-situ rock stresses for a tunnel project in Himachal, India
Authors: Panthi Krishna Kanta
Published: December 2021

Determination of in-situ stresses in the rock mass is necessary for stability assessment and proper design of underground openings. It is important to know the state of stress surrounding the opening so that right and optimum rock support is assigned as preliminary and permanent rock support. However, the majority of long tunnels with high rock cove r face severe tunnel instability problems related to rock stresses. The headrace tunnel of Parbati II hydroelectric project is one of such tunnels, especially the tunnel segment passing through Manikaran quartzite. It is known fact that the extent and type of stress induced instability vary greatly upon rock type, deformability properties, jointing and inter-bedding characteristics in the rock mass. This paper back calculates the state of stress using Phase 2  finite element model  in a TBM  bored segment of  the tunnel and  also briefly reviews mechanical properties of the  intact rock that may have direct link on the  nature of stress induced  instability. It is believed that back calculated stress magnitude may be useful for the stability assessment in other segment of headrace tunnel.
Rainfall-induced landslides in the residual soil of andesitic terrain, western Japan
Authors: Dahal Ranjan Kumar , Hasegawa Shuichi , Yamanaka Minoru , Bhandary Netra Prakash
Published: December 2021

Rainfall triggered landslides are frequent problems in the residual soil of andesitic terrain in western Japan. Characteristics of residual soils over bronzite andesite, procedure of in situ permeability measurement, matric suction and soil moisture content change and stability analyses considering unsaturated-saturated soils as integral system are presented in this paper. The paper highlights two landslides of small andesitic hillock of western Japan and describes modelling of rainwater seepage, slope stability analysis and contributing parameters for landsliding in andesitic terrain. For both landslides, results of geomorphological and geotechnical analyses were used as a direct input to the numerical modelling. For transient conditions, a finite element analysis was used to model the fluctuations in pore water pressure during the rainfall, with the computed hourly rainfall rate as the surface boundary condition. This was then followed by the slope stability analysis using the temporal pore water pressure distributions derived from the seepage analysis. Obtained trend for the factor of safety indicates that the most critical time step for failure was a few hours following the antecedent moisture content of previously day peak rainfall. Time of failure estimated by modelling has shown good match with time declared by eyewitnesses.
Quality Of Life And Coping In Parents Raising Children With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) In Nepal
Authors: Rana M , Prajapati R , Chaudhari J , Gautam B , Gurung B
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Quality of Life (QoL) and Coping are important components of mental health, especially important to parents raising children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). Children with DMD face difficulties due to their disability and create special challenges for parents.

Material And Method: The study aimed to assess QoL, demographic variables and coping strategies of parents raising children with DMD in Nepal. A descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted to collect data from 32 parents (mothers = 15, 47%; fathers =17, 53%) through purposive sampling. Socio-demographic pro-forma, World Health Organization's Quality of Life Questionnaire-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) and Brief COPE Inventory were assessed.

Results: The results revealed parents scores were below cutoff <60, indicating probable poor quality of life. QOL was moderately positively correlated with coping strategies and highly positively correlated with emotion-focused coping. There were significant differences in psychological health of parents in reference to their occupation, and in reference to their hospital born children. Parents in government job had better psychological health and parents into private business significantly used emotion-focused coping. Mutual caregivers had significantly better psychological health. Parents without health related problems significantly adopted problem focused coping and emotion focused coping.

Conclusion: These findings will help stakeholders to understand DMD children and their impact on QOL and coping of parents and will facilitate to develop appropriate psychosocial intervention programs for the parents for the effective management of their children and their psycho-social wellbeing.
Echo-word formation in Bangla
Authors: Dastidar Kuntala Ghosh
Published: December 2021

This paper describes and analyzes echo-word formation in Bangla, one of the eastern Indo-Aryan languages of South Asia. Echo-word formation, one kind of partial reduplication, has lexical as well as syntactic implications in Bangla grammar. More specifically, this paper investigates different functions of this partial reduplication and presents its unified account in the grammatical system of Bangla.
Language shift in Newar: a case study in the Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Gautam Bhim Lal
Published: December 2021

This paper explores the patterns of language shift in Newar, the ethnic indigenous language community living in the Kathmandu Valley. The research focuses on language contact situations in different domains viz. social, cultural, personal, and official as well as media related activities where the informants are asked to use different languages along with the use of their own mother tongue i.e. Newar. This socio-ethnographic research aims at providing some clues as to how the discovery of a minority language triggers changes in representations and attitudes.
A preliminary sociolinguistic survey of Nubri Valley
Authors: Donohue Cathryn
Published: December 2021

This paper reports results of a preliminary sociolinguistic survey that was carried out in Nubri Valley. Interviews were taken with people from throughout the valley. Some of the main findings are described here. The Nubri-perceived differences in dialect intelligibility and social status are discussed as well as the overall language vitality in the context of evolving social practices and observed language shift in the younger generations.
Reflections on the beginnings of Linguistics at Tribhuvan University
Authors: Hale Austin
Published: December 2021

The definitive account of the birth and development of linguistics, and of the study of minority languages in Nepal has yet to be written. In this brief account we focus on the part of that development that arose from interactions between SIL and Tribhuvan University in the late 1960’s and early 1970’s.
Analysis of Posters for Informing the Population via Social Media during Covid-19: Ukrainian Network
Authors: Shmatkov Daniil , Zagalaz-Sánchez María Luisa , Cachón-Zagalaz Javier
Published: December 2021

Objective. This study aims to determine the extent to which psycholinguistic variables are included in the analysis of the quality of directive posters on social media during Covid-19.

Methods. The methods used in the study include analysis of the relevant scientific literature on the identification of psycholinguistic categories and variables relevant to the study; expert assessment of qualitative parameters of posters published on Facebook by official organizations; methods of descriptive statistics.

Results. The analysis of 298 unique works conducted through Ukrainian network on Facebook revealed that the overall average quality of the publications is on the borderline between medium and high levels – 69.3% (by text parameters – 70.0%, graphic parameters – 68.6%).

Conclusions. The study revealed that psycholinguistic variables such as readability, imageability, concreteness, conceptual familiarity, semantic size, name agreement, image agreement, visual complexity, typicality, image variability, authenticity of texts, processing fluency, etc. penetrate deeply related research on the creolized texts in various forms and interpretations. The quality of the posters on Facebook made by the official institutions operating in the field of health care is at the borderline between medium and high levels. These indicators are most in need of improvement on text parameters such as “Emphasis” and “Call to action”, as well as on graphical parameters such as “Presence of interactive graphic links” and “Understandability of illustration message without text”.
Особливості нерефлексивних я-текстів студентів-психологів
Authors: Krupelnytska Liudmyla , Kudrina Tetiana , Lyla Mahdalyna
Published: December 2021

Мета. Метою дослідження є встановлення та аналіз особливостей нерефлексивних Я-текстів студентів-психологів.

Методи. Досліджено 79 студентів-психологів (47 – жіночої та 32 – чоловічої статі, середній вік – 21;9). Авторська методика “Нерефлексивний Я-текст” орієнтована на створення Я-текстів без опори на раціонально-рефлексивні навички. Використано квалітативний та квантитативний аналіз текстів, зокрема, частотний аналіз слів різних частин мови, підрахування індексу логічної звʼязності, психолінгвістичних коефіцієнтів Трейгера, визначеності дії та агресивності, метод контент-аналізу для визначення тематичного та образного наповнення текстів, а також частотний аналіз використання автологічних і металогічних засобів вербалізації образних асоціацій.

Результати. Нерефлексивний Я-текст визначено як текст, створення якого відбувається переважно в редукованій фазі внутрішнього мовлення з вербалізацією Я-концепту за відносно незначною участю рефлексивних процесів. Встановлено спільні та відмінні психолінгвістичні та змістово-психологічні параметри груп студентів-цивільних психологів та студентів-військових психологів, а також чоловічої та жіночої частин груп. Нерефлексивні Я-тексти характеризуються значною варіативністю загальної кількості слів з більшою їх кількістю, а також більшою частотою вживання займенника “Я” та вищим індексом логічної заʼязності у студентів-військових психологів. За допомогою контент-аналізу виокремлено пʼять тематичних блоків: Рефлексивна людина, Людина у розвитку та пошуку; Людина у випробуваннях та психологічних проблемах; Позитивна людина; Соціальна людина, які представлені нерівномірно у групах вибірки. У нерефлексивних Я-текстах студентів-психологів переважають металогічні засоби вираження образних асоціацій, представлені по-різному у тематичних блоках різних груп студентів.

Висновки. Зроблено висновок про більшу психолінгвістичну різноманітність нерефлексивних Я-текстів студентів-цивільних психологів та про психолінгвістичну різнорідність текстів жіночої та чоловічої частин групи студентів-військових психологів, а також про різну представленість тематичних блоків та образних асоціацій в їх межах у групах вибірки та про переважання у нерефлексивних Я-текстах студентів-психологів металогічних засобів вербалізації образних асоціацій над автологічними.
Establishing A Virtual Planning Protocol for Functional Maxillomandibular Reconstruction in Oral Cancer Patients
Authors: Subramaniam Narayana , Subramaniam Narayana , Parthasarathi Krishnan , Cheng Kai , Leinkram David , Howes Dale , Wykes James , Ch’ng Sydney , (Hubert) Low Tsu-Hui , Palme Carsten , Robert Clark Jonathan
Published: December 2021

Background: Virtual surgical planning (VSP) helps optimize vascularized bone flap reconstruction and dental rehabilitation in maxillomandibular defects, improving accuracy, reducing errors and reducing the time required for surgery. In this manuscript, we describe a robust but flexible virtual protocol for functional maxillomandibular reconstruction optimized for oral cancer patients using in-house digital planning and provide templates to streamline communication among the team members.
Methods: Based on our previous experience of VSP in oral cancer (n=17), we derived a workflow to improve efficiency. It included a virtual surgical template and a protocol focused on the minimal time requirements for three different reconstructive approaches: prefabrication/prelamination, primary implant placement using the SM-ART approach, and digital planning without primary implant placement. We performed a prospective validation (n=4) to determine its validity and if the proposed timelines could be adhered to.
Results: The protocol allowed a smooth and coordinated framework for team members to communicate and plan the patient’s treatment. The time period required for VSP was described for patients undergoing bony reconstruction with primary dental placement in those with and without custom plates, drill guides and for patients with prefabrication (Rohner’s procedure). The minimum time required for VSP ranged between 17 and 30 days. The protocol could be reliably applied to the prospective group without any modification.
Conclusion: Bony reconstruction with primary dental implant placement in the context of oral cancer can be performed successfully with good functional outcomes. By adopting this protocol, virtual surgical planning can be performed efficiently, avoiding potentially costly delays in treatment.
Spor ve Konservatuvar Eğitimi Alan Öğrencilerin Ritim Algılarının İncelenmesi
Authors: AÇILMIŞ Hasan , BEDİR Deniz , GEREK Zinnur , TUZCUOĞULLARI Tarkan
Published: December 2021

Müzikte olduğu gibi hareket eğitiminin de temelini ritim oluşturur. Ritim, hareketin akımının düzenini ve periyodik tekrarını sağlayan bir uyarıcı niteliğindedir. Spor ve konservatuvar eğitiminde ritim algısı başarıya etki eden önemli bir faktördür. Bu araştırmada spor ve konservatuvar eğitimi alan üniversite öğrencilerinin ritim algıları incelenmiştir.
Çalışma, 2020-2021 öğretim yılında Gaziantep Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri ve Türk Müziği Konservatuvarında öğrenim gören toplam 75 öğrenci üzerinde yapılmıştır. Çalışma grubunun ritim algılarındaki başarı durumlarını ölçmek için Müzikal Kulak Testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler arasında karşılaştırma yapmak için Independent Samples T testi ile One Way ANOVA parametrik testleri kullanılmıştır.
Elde edilen bulgular neticesinde, konservatuvar eğitimi alan öğrencilerin, spor eğitimi alan öğrencilerden anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek ritim puanı aldığı tespit edilmiş (p<0.05) ve ritim testi puanlarının bölüm değişkeni açısından anlamlı düzeyde farklılaştığı görülmüştür.
Çalışmanın verilerine dayanarak ritim algısının spor eğitimi alan öğrencilerde daha düşük olması aynı zamanda hareketin algı ve uygulamasında da sorunlar yaşayabileceğinin bariz göstergesidir. Çünkü istemli ve düzenli hareketlerin yapılabilmesinde ritim uyarıcı niteliğindedir. İnsanın içindeki bu uyarıcının, geliştirilmesi ve organize edilmesi ritim eğitimi ile mümkündür.
Postlaminectomy lumbopelvic sagittal changes in patients with developmental lumbar spinal stenosis grouped into Roussouly lumbopelvic sagittal profiles: 2- to 10-year prospective follow-up
Authors: Kitab Sameer A. , Wakefield Andrew E. , Benzel Edward C.
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

Roussouly lumbopelvic sagittal profiles are associated with distinct pathologies or distinct natural histories and prognoses. The associations between developmental lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS) and native lumbopelvic sagittal profiles are unknown. Moreover, the relative effects of multilevel decompression on lumbar sagittal alignment, geometrical parameters of the pelvis, and compensatory mechanisms for each of the Roussouly subtypes are unknown. This study aimed to explore the association between DLSS and native lumbar lordosis (LL) subtypes. It also attempts to understand the natural history of postlaminectomy lumbopelvic sagittal changes and compensatory mechanisms for each of the Roussouly subtypes and to define the critical lumbar segment or specific lordosis arc that is recruited after relief of the stenosis effect.

METHODS

A total of 418 patients with multilevel DLSS were grouped into various Roussouly subtypes, and lumbopelvic sagittal parameters were prospectively compared at follow-up intervals of preoperative to < 2 years, 2 to < 5 years, and 5 to ≥ 10 years after laminectomy. The variables analyzed included LL, upper lordosis arc from L1 to L4, lower lordosis arc from L4 to S1, and segmental lordosis from L1 to S1. Pelvic parameters included pelvic incidence, sacral slope, pelvic tilt, and pelvic incidence minus LL values.

RESULTS

Of the 329 patients who were followed up throughout this study, 33.7% had Roussouly type 1 native lordosis, whereas the incidence rates of types 2, 3, and 4 were 33.4%, 21.9%, and 10.9%, respectively. LL was not reduced in any of the Roussouly subtypes after multilevel decompressions. Instead, LL increased by 4.5° (SD 11.9°—from 27.3° [SD 11.5°] to 31.8° [SD 9.8°]) in Roussouly type 1 and by 3.1° (SD 11.6°—from 41.3° [SD 9.5°] to 44.4° [SD = 9.7°]) in Roussouly type 2. The other Roussouly types showed no significant changes. Pelvic tilt decreased significantly—by 2.8°, whereas sacral slope increased significantly—by 2.9° in Roussouly type 1 and by 1.7° in Roussouly type 2. The critical lumbar segment that recruits LL differs between Roussouly subtypes. Increments and changes were sustained until the final follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

The study findings are important in predicting patient prognosis, LL evolution, and the need for prophylactic or corrective deformity surgery. Multilevel involvement in DLSS and the high prevalence of Roussouly types 1 and 2 suggest that spinal canal dimensions are closely linked to the developmental evolution of LL.
What is the most accurate substitute for an invisible T1 slope in cervical radiographs? A comparative study of a novel method with previously reported substitutes
Authors: Park Brian J. , Gold Colin J. , Woodroffe Royce W. , Yamaguchi Satoshi
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

The ability to utilize the T1 slope is often limited by poor visibility on cervical radiographs. The C7 slope has been proposed as a reliable substitute but may have similar limitations of visibility. Herein, the authors propose a novel method that takes advantage of the superior visibility on CT to accurately substitute for the radiographic T1 slope and compare the accuracy of this method with previously reported substitutes.

METHODS

Lateral neutral standing cervical radiographs and cervical CT scans were examined. When the T1 slope was clearly visible on radiographs, the C3–7 slopes and T1 slope were measured. In CT method 1, a direct method, the T1 slope was measured from the upper endplate of T1 to the bottom edge of the CT image, assuming the edge was parallel to the horizontal plane. In CT method 2, an overlaying method, the T1 slope was calculated by superimposing the C7 slope angle measured on a radiograph onto the CT scan and measuring the angle formed by the upper endplate of T1 and the superimposed horizontal line of the C7 slope. A Pearson correlation with linear regression modeling was performed for potential substitutes for the actual T1 slope.

RESULTS

Among 160 patients with available noninstrumented lateral neutral cervical radiographs, the T1 slope was visible in only 54 patients (33.8%). A total of 52 patients met the inclusion criteria for final analysis. The Pearson correlation coefficients between the T1 slope and the C3–7 slopes, CT method 1, and CT method 2 were 0.243 (p = 0.083), 0.292 (p = 0.035), 0.609 (p < 0.001), 0.806 (p < 0.001), 0.898 (p < 0.001), 0.426 (p = 0.002), and 0.942 (p < 0.001), respectively. Linear regression modeling showed R2 = 0.807 for the correlation between C7 slope and T1 slope and R2 = 0.888 for the correlation between T1 slope with the CT method 2 and actual T1 slope.

CONCLUSIONS

The C7 slope can be a reliable predictor of the T1 slope and is more accurate than more rostral cervical slopes. However, this study disclosed that the novel CT method 2, an overlaying method, was the most reliable estimate of true T1 slope with a greater positive correlation than C7 slope. When CT studies are available in patients with an invisible T1 slope on cervical radiographs, CT method 2 should be used as a substitute for the T1 slope.
The impact of the lateral decubitus position in the perioperative period on posterior fixation for thoracolumbar fracture with ankylosing spinal disorder
Authors: Ikuma Hisanori , Hirose Tomohiko , Takao Shinichiro , Ueda Masataka , Yamashita Kazutaka , Otsuka Kazutoshi , Kawasaki Keisuke
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

Patients with ankylosing spinal disorders (ASDs), such as ankylosing spondylitis and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, often have rigid kyphosis of the spine. The fracture site is sometimes unintentionally displaced when surgery is conducted with the patient prone. To prevent this incident, the authors adopted the lateral decubitus position for patients intraoperatively for this pathology. The aim of this study was to retrospectively assess the impact of the lateral decubitus position in the perioperative period on posterior fixation for thoracolumbar fractures with ASD.

METHODS

Thirty-seven consecutive patients who underwent posterior instrumentation for thoracolumbar fracture with ASD at the authors’ institute were divided into 15 lateral decubitus positions (group L) and 22 prone positions (group P). Surgical time, estimated blood loss (EBL), number of levels fused, perioperative complications, length of stay (LOS), ratio of fracture voids, and ratio of anterior wall height were investigated. The ratio of fracture void and the ratio of anterior wall height were the radiological assessments showing a degree of reduction in vertebral fracture on CT.

RESULTS

Age, sex, BMI, fracture level, and LOS were similar between the groups. Levels fused and EBL were significantly shorter and less in group L (p < 0.001 and p = 0.04), but there was no significant difference in surgical time. The complication rate was similar, but 1 death within 90 days after surgery was found in group P. The ratio of fracture voids was 85.4% ± 12.8% for group L and 117.5% ± 37.3% for group P. A significantly larger number of patients with a fracture void ratio of 100% or less was found in group L (86.7% vs 36.4%, p = 0.002). The ratio of anterior wall height was 107.5% ± 12.3% for group L and 116.9% ± 18.8% for group P. A significantly larger number of patients with the anterior wall height ratio of 100% or less was also found in group L (60.0% vs 27.3%, p = 0.046).

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study suggest that the lateral decubitus position can be expected to have an effect on closing or maintaining the fracture void or a preventive effect of intraoperative unintentional extension displacement of the fractured site, which is often seen in the prone position during surgery for thoracolumbar fractures involving ASD.
Single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis compared with multiple-dose protocol in clean pediatric neurosurgical interventions: a nonrandomized, historically controlled equivalence trial
Authors: Mohammadi Esmaeil , Azadnajafabad Sina , Goudarzi Mehrdad , Tayebi Meybodi Keyvan , Nejat Farideh , Habibi Zohreh
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

Guidelines recommend antimicrobial prophylaxis (AMP) preoperatively for "clean" spinal and cranial surgeries, while dose and timing remain controversial. The use of multiple-dose AMP for such surgeries is under debate in the pediatric context. In this clinical study, the authors aimed to compare single-dose with multiple-dose prophylactic antibiotic usage in cranial and spinal neurosurgical interventions of pediatric patients.

METHODS

All neurosurgical patients aged 28 days to 18 years who underwent surgery at a single tertiary center were assessed. Three cohorts (noninstrumented clean spinal, noninstrumented cranial, and instrumented cranial interventions), each of which comprised two 50-patient arms (i.e., single-dose AMP and multiple-dose AMP), were included after propensity score–matched retrospective sampling and power analysis. Records were examined for surgical site infections. Using a previously published meta-analysis as the prior and 80% acceptance of equivalence (margin of OR 0.88–1.13), logistic regression was carried out for the total cohort and each subcohort and adjusted for etiology by consideration of multiple-dose AMP as reference.

RESULTS

The overall sample included 300 age- and sex-matched patients who were evenly distributed in 3 bi-arm cohorts. There was no statistical intercohort difference based on etiology or type of operation (p < 0.05). Equivalence analysis revealed nondiscriminating results for the total cohort (adjusted OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.27–1.57) and each of the subcohorts (noninstrumented clean spinal, adjusted OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.12–3.44; noninstrumented cranial, adjusted OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.14–2.73; and instrumented cranial, adjusted OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.13–3.31).

CONCLUSIONS

No significant benefit for multiple-dose compared with single-dose AMPs in any of the pediatric neurosurgery settings could be detected. Since unnecessary antibiotic use should be avoided as much as possible, it seems that usage of single-dose AMP is indicated.
Doktora deneyiminin öğrenciler ve akademisyenler açısından değerlendirilmesi
Authors: DEMİRDELEN ALRAWADIEH Derya , YAZIT Hasibe
Published: December 2021

Öğrencilerin akademik gelişimindeki son aşama olan doktora eğitim sürecinde öğretim üyeleri ve öğrenciler arasındaki uyumun sağlanması, eğitimin etkinliği ve verimliliği açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu açıdan, öğretim üyelerinin doktora öğrencilerine ve turizm eğitimine; doktora öğrencilerinin de öğretim üyelerine ve turizm eğitime bakış açısını değerlendirmek mevcut durumu ortaya koyabilmek açısından gereklidir. Araştırmanın amacı, turizm alanında doktora öğrenimi veren öğretim üyeleriyle, turizm alanında eğitim alan doktora öğrencilerinin görüş ve düşüncelerini ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaçla katılımcılarla (20 öğretim üyesi ve 20 doktora öğrencisi) 2020 yılının sonlarında derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılarak veriler toplanmıştır. Veri toplama sürecinde kolayda ve kartopu örneklem yöntemine başvurulmuş, COVID-19 salgını nedeniyle tüm görüşmeler uzaktan (telefon veya zoom üzerinden) gerçekleştirilmiş ve elde edilen veriler içerik analizi yöntemiyle çözümlenmiştir. Bulgular; doktora düzeyinde ders veren öğretim üyelerinin genel olarak öğrencilerden memnun olduklarını ortaya koysa da, öğretim üyeleri doktora öğrencilerine yönelik bazı eksikliklerin varlığı konusunda hemfikirdir. Bu noktada öğretim üyeleri tarafından, öğrencilerin en sık araştırma yöntemleri ve akademik yazım konusundaki yetersizliklerinin vurgulandığı görülmektedir. Doktora öğrencilerinden elde edilen bulgularda ise, öğrencilerin genel olarak öğretim üyeleriyle iyi ve uyumlu bir ilişki yürüttükleri, ancak eğitim kalitesinden tam anlamıyla doyum elde edemedikleri sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır. Mevcut çalışmanın, özellikle turizmde doktora eğitim deneyimine yönelik sınırlı olan alan yazına teorik katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Doktora eğitim sürecinin etkinliği ve verimliliği açısından uygulamaya yönelik olarak ise doktora ders havuzunun güncellenmesi, akademik gelişimle doğru orantılı derslerin eklenmesi, öğretim üyelerinin öğrenciler açısından yol gösterici olması ve öğrencilerin de akademik gelişime odaklanmaları önerilmektedir.
Seviotics of the Text and the Role of of the Reader in the Work «Six Walks in the Literary Woods» by Umberto Eco
Authors: Калиниченко Николай
Published: December 2021

В статье раскрывается значение термина «семиотика» и даётся научное определение семиотике как науке, с её характерными целями и задачами; рассматривается вклад основных представителей данного направления в развитие семиологии как науки. К ним относятся: швейцарский ученый, стоявший у истоков Женевской лингвистической школы, заложивший основы семиологии и структурной лингвистики, - Фердинанд де Соссюр; американский философ, сформулировавший термин «прагматика», - Чарльз Уильям Моррис; основоположник семиотики и прагматизма, математик и логик Чарльз Сандерс Пирс. На основе рассмотренных понятий анализируются избранные произведения известного итальянского писателя и ученого, внёсшего весомый вклад как в область теоретического, так и практического применения научного инструментария семиотики как методологии, - Умберто Эко. На примере эссе «Шесть прогулок в литературных лесах» подробно исследована структура всего произведения, характерный для него тип повествования и позиция, которую занимает сам автор.

The article reveals the meaning of the term «semiotics» and gives a scientific definition of semiotics as a science, with its characteristic goals and objectives; the contribution of the main representatives of this direction to the development of semiology as a science is considered. These include: the Swiss scientist who was at the origins of the Geneva Linguistic School, who laid the foundations of semiology and structural linguistics - Ferdinand de Saussure; the American philosopher who formulated the term «pragmatics» - Charles William Morris; the founder of semiotics and pragmatism, mathematician and logician Charles Sanders Pierce. On the basis of the considered concepts, the selected works of the famous Italian writer and scientist, who made a significant contribution to both the theoretical and practical application of the scientific tools of semiotics as a methodology, Umberto Eco, are analyzed. Using the example of the essay «Six Walks in the Literary Woods», the structure of the en-tire work, the type of narrative characteristic of it, and the position taken by the author himself are studied in detail.
Pengaruh Nilai Virtual Item Terhadap Intensi Pembelian Virtual Item dalam Game Online PUBG Mobile
Authors: Herawan Muhammad Hafni , Rachman M. Yudy
Published: December 2021

Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menggambarkan intensi pembelian virtual item  para pemain game online yaitu PUBG Mobile, yang dipengaruhi oleh nilai virtual item pada game tersebut. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode kuantitatif, dengan menyertakan masyarakat Banjarmasin yang merupakan pemain game online PUBG sebagai populasi penelitian. Dari populasi penelitian ini kemudian ditarik 100 sampel sebagai responden penelitian. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam menarik sampel yaitu Judgmental sampling. Sedangkan untuk menganalisis data pada penelitian ini maka digunakan regresi linier berganda. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian ini maka didapat hasil sebagai berikut : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwasannya intensi pembelian virtual item  dari para pemain game online PUBG Mobile dipengaruhi oleh nilai fungsional dari virtual item, namun dari hasil penelitian ini pula didapat bukti bahwa nilai social dan juga nilai fungsional ternyata belum memiliki andil terhadap intensi pembelian virtual item  para pemain game online PUBG. Semakin meningkatnya nilai dari sebuah virtual item akan membuat semakin meningkat pula intensi para pemain untuk membeli virtual item dalam permainan tersebut, dan hal ini berarti menunjukan nilai dari virtual item akan mempengaruhi intensi untuk membeli virtual item permainan tersebut.
Pengaruh Umur Perusahaan, Profitabilitas dan Pertumbuhan Penjualan Terhadap Tax Avoidance
Authors: Sinambela Tongam , Nuraini Lisa
Published: December 2021

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of Firm Age, Profitability (Return on Assets), and Sales Growth (Sales Growth) on tax avoidance. This study is a quantitative study using secondary data in the form of financial reports and annual reports of food and beverage sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2015 to 2019. The sample selection used the purpose sampling method. The data analysis technique uses multiple regression analysis with SPSS 20. The results of this study are that the age of the company has a positive and significant effect on tax avoidance. Variable return on assets has a positive effect on tax avoidance. Sales growth variable has no effect on tax avoidance. This is because high sales growth does not necessarily affect the profit generated because each period also produces a different cost of goods sold.
Instrumen dan Pemetaan Indikator Customer Citizenship Behavior dan Keterikatan Pelanggan Pada Industri Hospitality di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Prawitowati Tjahjani
Published: December 2021

Industri Hospitality, khususnya hotel dan resto,  merupakan perusahaan yang terkena dampak  pandemi COVID-19. Dalam upaya beradaptasi pada perubahan yang merupakan salah satu langkah kunci untuk dapat bertahan dan bangkit kembali, adanya keterikatan pelanggan dan tertampilnya perilaku sukarela sebagai bentuk peran ekstra pelanggan sangat diperlukan oleh perusahaan. Tujuan penelitian yaitu memetakan Customer Citizenship Behavior (CCB) dan Keterikatan Pelanggan dengan  instrumen yang telah teruji validitas dan reliabilitasnya untuk mengukur  variabel tersebut di masa pandemi. Instrumen ini dapat secara berkelanjutan digunakan oleh perusahaan  untuk melakukan survey guna mengetahui tingkat CCB dan Keterikatan Pelanggan sehingga dapat disusun strategi pemasaran yang tepat. Selain itu dapat  digunakan oleh Peneliti selanjutnya yang tertarik untuk mengukur CCB dan Keterikatan Pelanggan pada industri Hospitality. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan sumber data primer dan pengumpulan data secara cross sectional. Populasi  adalah pelanggan pada hotel dan resto di Jawa Timur.  Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode konvenien, dengan sampel sejumlah 127 orang. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji outer model melalui perangkat lunak Warp PLS dan analisa data diskriptif menggunakan bantuan software SPSS. Alat ukur yang valid dan reliabel digunakan untuk memetakan keterikatan pelanggan dan CCB, dan hasil pemetaan menggambarkan bahwa pelanggan tetap menunjukkan CCB dan Keterikatan yang tinggi pada perusahaan.
ЕСТЕТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ МЕТА- І ДІДЖИМОДЕРНІЗМУ В КОНЦЕПЦІЇ ПОСТПОСТМОДЕРНІЗМУ
Authors: Гуменюк Тетяна Костянтинівна
Published: December 2021

Мета статті — вивчити естетичні аспекти мета- і діджимодернізму в концепції постпостмодернізму; виявити здатність нових систем поглядів виразити та відобразити зміни, що відбуваються. Методологію дослідження становлять методи порівняльного аналізу і синтезу, які надали можливість виявити основні риси і ключові поняття постпостмодернізму. Історико-культурний підхід дозволив зрозуміти, що модерн в процесі свого становлення заперечував увесь попередній культурний досвід, а постмодерн викривав його лицемірство, проте не пропонував нічого конструктивного. Системний метод застосовувався для усвідомлення взаємозв’язків у системі культурного середовища, оскільки метамодерн вже використовує попередній досвід і традиції не з позиції заперечення, пародії та сарказму, а з позиції поваги. Наукова новизна полягає в аналізі передумов, що призвели до зміни основних парадигм XX–XXI ст. (модерну, постмодерну) і становлення постпостмодерну. Розглянуто їх основні естетичні аспекти, схожість і відмінності, помилки і відкриття. Висновки. Встановлено, що зароджується нова концепція постпостмодернізму. Відкидаючи агресивне заперечення попереднього досвіду, вона вбирає в себе все краще від модернізму й постмодернізму і в цьому її велика творча сила. Нове молоде покоління епохи постпостмодерну з дитячих років занурене у світ цифрових технологій та процеси глобалізації і може комфортно й невимушено існувати у середовищі перманентних змін. Його новою якістю стає відсутність страху перед необхідністю до змін у власному житті і навколишньому світі. Водночас постпостмодернізм — концепція поглядів на сучасне життя, формування якої триває дотепер. Він у розвитку, як і світ, що його створив, потребує доопрацювання і доповнення тим досвідом, що буде накопичуватись з огляду на подальший рух людства уперед.
ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ СУЧАСНОЇ АУДІОВІЗУАЛЬНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ В КОНТЕКСТІ НАУКОВИХ ГУМАНІТАРНИХ КОНЦЕПЦІЙ
Authors: Желєзняк Серафим Володимирович
Published: December 2021

Мета статті — виявити актуальні концепції авторів, що досліджують сучасну аудіовізуальну культуру, аби усвідомити загальні засади її функціонування, розкрити особливості компонентів та зумовленість станом сучасного суспільства. Методологія дослідження. Під час розгляду предмета дослідження були використані загальнонаукові методи: порівняльний — зіставлялися та порівнювалися погляди різних науковців щодо суспільних процесів сьогодення та місця аудіовізуальної культури в них для більш об’ємного та об’єктивного висвітлення досліджуваного явища; методи аналізу і синтезу — предмет розкладався на компоненти та здійснювалося їхнє вивчення окремо задля того, аби наприкінці розвідки сучасна аудіовізуальна культура розглядалася як багатомірне суспільне явище; історичний — для простеження концепцій авторів щодо еволюції екранної культури та її засад. Наукова новизна статті пояснюється вивченням з нового погляду сучасної аудіовізуальної галузі як невіддільного елементу культури, засновуючись на думці українських та закордонних науковців. Висновки. У статті проаналізовано підходи авторів до вивчення культурних та екранних процесів задля висвітлення особливостей існування аудіовізуальної культури в сучасному суспільстві. Розглянуто концепції щодо телебачення та його ролі в соціумі, еволюції різних видів екранного дійства та їхні зв’язки з розвитком людини, а також запропоновано зв’язок сучасного звукового супроводу з такими поглядами на сутність кіно. Окрім цього, розкрито наукову думку щодо специфіки використання звукового елементу аудіовізуальних творів у сучасному контексті та зв’язок екранної культури з технологіями з культурних та мистецьких позицій. Також були досліджені наукові підходи до сучасних суспільних процесів як до контексту функціонування аудіовізуальної сфери.
ЕВОЛЮЦІЙНІ ПРОЦЕСИ В КОНТЕКСТІ ДЖАЗОВОЇ МУЗИЧНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ США 40-Х РОКІВ ХХ СТОЛІТТЯ: КУЛЬТУРОЛОГІЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Журба Володимир Валерійович
Published: December 2021

Мета статті — виявити та дослідити характерні особливості джазової музичної культури США 40-х рр. ХХ ст. в культурологічному аспекті. Методологія дослідження передбачає використання методу системного аналізу. Крім того, застосовано методи узагальнення та порівняння. Наукова новизна. В статті вперше в українській культурології висвітлене питання еволюційних процесів в джазовій музичній культурі США 40-х рр. ХХ ст. Висновки. Унаслідок проведеного дослідження виявлені трансформаційні процеси, що відбулися в контексті джазової музичної культури США 40-х рр. ХХ ст. Зауважено, що саме в цей хронологічний проміжок були закладені провідні тенденції ери сучасної джазової культури. Причини вказаних еволюційних зрушень знаходяться в галузі соціології та психології. Провідну позицію займає процес самоактуалізації, причини специфічного протікання якого знаходяться серед соціального буття афроамериканської спільноти вказаного періоду. Особливості процесу самоактуалізації призвели до змін традицій джазового виконавства: кристалізації сольної імпровізації, значного зменшення учасників ансамблю, переосмислення функції ритм-секції, трансформації сценічного образу джазмену, що склало провідну концепцію виконавства ери Modern Jazz. Зазначено, що підсилювальним чинником кристалізації особливостей процесу самоактуалізації в межах психологічного портрета афроамериканського індивіда 40-х рр. на території США став феномен креативності, який в джазовій культурі завжди займав домінуючу позицію. В цей період також відбулося закладення фундаменту світової професійної джазової освіти, що стало традиційним для ери сучасної джазової культури. Встановлено, що окреслені аспекти стали причиною зміщення джазової музичної культури з масової до простору культури елітарної, в якому світова джазова музична культура знаходиться і сьогодні.
Kenya update: FRONTIERS adolescent reproductive health project
Authors:   Frontiers in Reproductive Health
Published: December 2021

The Kenya Adolescent Reproductive Health Project (KARHP) was launched in October 1999 in Busia and Vihiga districts as a three-year operations research study to determine the feasibility, cost, and effectiveness of implementing systematic interventions that address the reproductive health (RH) needs of adolescents aged 10–19 years. This USAID-funded project is part of the Population Council’s Frontiers in Reproductive Health Program’s global operations research. PATH (Program for Appropriate Technology in Health) is implementing the project, in collaboration with the Ministries of Health, Education, and Home Affairs, Heritage, and Sports. The objective of the study is to establish the effectiveness of interventions designed to increase adolescents’ RH knowledge, delay the onset of sexual activity, increase adolescent use of RH services, and reduce risky sexual behavior. The community-based intervention comprises two components. The first is geared toward sensitizing stakeholders in the community about the need for adolescent RH services and information. The second provides services and information to adolescents through out-of-school peer educators. This document provides an update on the KARHP project.
Association between Socioeconomic Status and Psychological Distress among Rwandan Refugees in Zambia: a Gender Perspective
Authors: Mwanamwambwa Victor , Joseph Pillay Basil
Published: December 2021

Urban refugees face several challenges which affect their emotional, social, and psychological well-being. This study utilised a quantitative cross-sectional design. The study assessed the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and psychological distress from a gender perspective among Rwandan refugees in Lusaka, Zambia. Two hundred and sixty-seven refugees between 18 and 65(M=33.99 years) participated in the study. The sample comprised men (47.9%) and women (52.1%) who were selected from Lusaka townships using purposive and convenience sampling techniques. SES was measured by assessing participants’ educational attainment, occupational status or employment, income, and financial support, whereas subjective psychological distress was evaluated using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). Framed within the feminist and the ecological systems perspectives, the study established an association between SES and psychological distress. The proportions of female participants in the lower education and unemployment categories and lower-income bracket were considerably higher than males in the same category. Similarly, the study revealed that the proportion of females (27%) with severe depression was higher than males (19%). However, the gender difference was negligible with other subscales such as the somatic symptoms, anxiety and insomnia, and social dysfunction. Bivariate associations revealed well-established gender differences, where women with low education and financial support reported higher levels of psychological distress. Multivariate analysis revealed that employment predicted a lower level of psychological distress in both men and women. The findings highlight that refugees’ access to employment is an essential factor in determining psychological well-being. Well-defined intervention strategies by government and humanitarian bodies are critical and should aim to empower refugees towards easy access to formal and informal labour market opportunities.
Feminism in Islam: A Study of the Obstacles of Muslim Women Political Participation in Ghana
Authors: Sanni Samira , Adu-gyamfi Samuel , Mohammed Abass , Tettey Yartey Henry , Amakye-boateng Kwasi
Published: December 2021

Religion plays an important role in the lives of individuals. It most especially highlights the dictates of the good and bad for people through its scriptures. In some societies, religion is infused into their cultures, making it difficult for the people to determine the difference. Ghana is known for its religious tolerance and also its belief in patriarchy among others. The country has a majority of about 70% citizens in the Christian faith, 17% in the Islamic faith and the remaining is shared between others which may include the traditional belief systems. This article seeks to highlight the impact of Islam on political participation in Ghana and Parliament in particular. The focus of this study is to discuss the question relating to the limited level of participation of Muslim women in parliament. In particular, the article assesses the Qur’anic teachings to find out if the same is responsible for the minimal level of political participation or has served as an obstacle to the goals of Muslim women aspiring to be parliamentarians in Ghana.
Gender Equality in Human Resource Processes within the Department of Correctional Services, South Africa
Authors: Nhlapo TMS , Vyas-doorgapersad Shikha
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the human resource processes of the South African Department of Correctional Services (DCS) and assesses gender equality at all levels of management within the department. The article utilises the Mainstreaming Gender Equality (MGE) approach, known as gender mainstreaming to bring equal opportunities for both men and women in human resource development programmes within the DCS. A qualitative research approach was utilised to collect data. The article explores that there are challenges especially for women to advance their careers to senior management positions in the DCS. This is because of a lack of knowledge, compliance, and readiness to embrace gender transformation policies in the department. The article proposes policy recommendations to mainstream gender at institutional, departmental, and individual levels, and aims to contribute towards creating awareness to promote gender transformation in the public service (general context) and DCS (specific context).
#Vaccine: Using Hashtags from Indian Tweets to Capture and Analyse the Sentiments of People on Vaccination for Covid’19 Pandemic
Authors: Anuratha K. , Sujeetha S. , Nandhini J.M. , Priya B. , Paravthy M.
Published: December 2021

To prevent the public from pandemic Covid’19 the government of India has started the vaccination from mid of January 2021. The government has approved the two vaccines, Covishield from the university of Oxford and Covaxin from Bharat Biotech.The vaccination started with frontline workers and is further extended to common public prioritizing the elders of above 60 years and people aged 45 years above with co morbidities. Though many people have got benefitted from it there is still a group of people not convinced with the vaccination. We have carried out this work to analyze those Indian people sentiments on the vaccines through the hash tags of tweets. The results show that though majority of the community has a positive belief on the vaccines but some of them still express negative emotions.
Parallel Deep Learning Framework for Video Surveillance System
Authors: Karvande Mayuri , Katkar Apoorv , Koli Nikhil , Joshi Amit , Sawant Suraj
Published: December 2021

In today’s world, the security of every individual has become an important aspect. There is a need for constant monitoring in public places. A Manual operating camera system is an unreliable and very basic and poor method for this purpose. Intelligent Video Surveillance is an approach where multiple CCTVs constantly record the scenes and proper algorithms are deployed in order to detect and monitor activities. Deep Learning frameworks and algorithms like Kera’s, YOLO, Convolutional Neural Networks or backbones for image detection like VGG16, Mobile net, Resnet101 have been used for human and weapon detection. The paper focuses on deep learning techniques and threading to collectively develop a Parallel Deep Learning Framework for Video Surveillance that aims at striking the right balance between accuracy and system performance or stability. Threading is used in terms of implementation of a uniquely proposed Dynamic Selection Algorithm that uses two backbones for object detection and switches between them based on the queue status for achieving system stability. A uniquely designed logistic regression filter is also implemented that boosts the system performance.