bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selection of Brahman crossbred-breeding bulls based on phenotypic performance
Authors: Haque MM , Hoque MA , Saha NG , Bhuiyan AKFH , Hossain MM , Hossain MA
Published: March 2013

A beef breed development project was carried out in the Department of Livestock Services (DLS) in 2009 in selected areas of Bangladesh. Under this project, semen of Brahman bulls were imported from the USA and used to inseminate indigenous cows to produce graded calves. The present study was undertaken to select graded Brahman bulls of the aforesaid project for breeding purpose. Using the data of Brahman grade-1 population, 4 (four) bulls were selected based on external appearance, phenotypic performance and libido. Records on 233 Brahman grade-1 calves (127 male and 106 female) were analyzed by SAS computer program. Birth weight, yearling weight and average daily gain were estimated by considering sex and area groups. The birth weight was found to be 22.25±5.60 Kg for male and 20.33±3.88 Kg for female calves (average 21.38±4.98 Kg). The yearling weight of male and female calves was found to be 222.07±73.21 and 191.76±69.04 Kg, respectively. Highest yearling weight and average daily gain were found in Charghat (401.11±39.75 kg and 1034.82±107.90 g, respectively) while lowest values were in Thakurgaon area (152.69±52.74 Kg 369.42±141.94 g, respectively). The average daily gain male and female calves were 547.42±193.7 and 470.34±184.52 g, respectively. Area and sex had highly significant (p<0.001) effects on birth weight, yearling weight and average daily gain of calves. The average daily gain of four selected graded Brahman bull calves was 731 g. The estimated selection differential and selection intensity for average daily gain of the four bulls were 183.53 g and 2.263, respectively. The growth performance along with estimated selection intensity and selection differential for average daily gain indicated that these selected graded Brahman breeding bulls may generate a good opportunity to improve indigenous cattle for beef purposes.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v41i2.14101Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2012. 41 (2): 60-66
Morphometry and performance of Black Bengal goats at the rural community level in Bangladesh
Authors: Choudhury MP , Sarker SC , Islam F , Ali A , Bhuiyan AKFH , Ibrahim MNM , Okeyo AM
Published: March 2013

Data on morphometrics and performance of 106 Black Bengal goats were collected through an in-depth monitoring survey conducted in 73 families of Gangatia, Borachala and Pachpai villages of Bhaluka Upazila, Mymensingh, Bangladesh using a structured questionnaire. Analyses of variance were performed using the General Linear Model (GLM) procedure under Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 14.0. Differences between mean values were separated using Duncuns Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Body weight of goats significantly (p<0.001) differed with age classes and  body condition scores. Average body weight of Black Bengal goat was 14.47±0.48 kg. Body length at was 46.01±0.66 cm. Chest girth significantly (p<0.001) differed with age classes and body condition scores. Average chest girth of Black Bengal goat was 56.10±0.60 cm. Wither height significantly (p<0.001) differed with age classes and body size. Average wither height of Black Bengal goat was 46.41±0.36 cm. Scrotal length and scrotal circumference did not significantly (p>0.05) differ with age classes, villages and body condition. The number of services needed for each conception of Solid Black, Toggenburg pattern and Brown Bezoar goats were 1.32±0.31, 1.08±0.22, 1.25±0.31, 1.01±0.26 and 1.23±0.27, respectively. The lowest kidding interval was observed in Borachala village (169.80±38.11 days) and in Solid Black goats (176.71±36.17 days). The highest litter size was found in does (1.68±0.39) of Gangatia village (1.67±0.51) and in Solid Black goats (1.67±0.54). The lowest abortion rate was found in Solid Black goats (6.14%). The lowest kid mortality was observed in Solid Black goats (10.00%).  Variation observed in morphometric and production traits of indigenous Black Bengal goats indicated an opportunity for their improvement through an in-situ pure breeding program.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v41i2.14122 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2012. 41 (2): 83-89
Socio-economic profile of duck farmers and duck management practices in Rajshahi region
Authors: Alam MB , Uddin ABMS , Bablu MAZH , Kamaly MHK , Rahaman MM
Published: March 2013

The present study was conducted to determine the socio-economic profiles of the duck farmers and to investigate the management practices of duck farming and to identify the problems of duck farming in two upazilas of Rajshahi district namely: Bagmara and Tanore during the period from April to May 2012 by using a pre-tested questionnaire. Socio-economic profile of the duck farmers like age, education, family size, occupation, marital  status, farm size, training received, annual income and management practices particularly housing, feeding, breeding, cleaning, disposal of diseased/dead birds, vaccination program, veterinary services followed by the farmers were investigated during the research. A total of 100 duck (50 from each upazila) were selected randomly for this study. The results reveal that most of the respondent farmers were young (60%) having secondary level of education (69%). Family size of the most of the farmers (57%) were small (size 4.53 persons) and majority of the farmers (75%) were marginal (0.021-020 hectare). Most of the farmers were medium income group (57%) with mean annual income of Tk. 200500. About 42% farmers had training on farming of different duration (7 to 30 d). Highest proportion of the duck houses were made of tin-shed (74%) having necessary floor space for ducks. The data obtained illustrated that majority of the farmers (74%) used sufficient supplementary feed to their ducks. About 65% of the farmers reared Deshi ducks in their farms. Most of the farmers (70%) cleaned their farm houses regularly. About 73% farmers separated their diseased duck from healthy ones. It was also found that most of the farmers (89%) buried their dead ducks under soil. Data indicated that majority of the farmers (67%) had partial idea about duck diseases. The highest proportion of the farmers (72%) followed vaccination program strictly. About 71% farmers consulted with village doctor. Nearly 51% farmers had low level of knowledge about duck farming. In the present study 10 problems were identified out of which low price of duck meat and egg made ranked as most serious problems. If the problems are addressed properly, the duck raising could be more profitable business in Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v41i2.14124Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2012. 41 (2): 96-105
Small scale broiler farming at Santhia upazilla of Pabna District of Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana F , Khatun H , Islam A
Published: March 2013

The experiment was conducted for profiling the existing broiler farming at Santhia upazilla under Pabna District during the period from February to March, 2012. Data were collected using an interview schedule from 50 randomly selected respondents who were involved in broiler farming. In this study out of 50 respondents 60% were engaged in  agriculture, 36% businessman  and  4%  were in services. About 48% respondents had small size farms (100-500 birds), 40% had medium (501-1000 birds) and remaining were large size (1001-2000 birds). Most of the respondents reared Cobb-500 strain, those were purchased from Kazi Farms Ltd. Out of 50 respondents 30% took necessary suggestions from the experienced farmers, 90% farmers regularly vaccinated their broilers and 70% farmers taken short training on broiler farming. About 78% respondents considered market weight as 1.5 kg per bird, whereas the rest 22% sold broiler weighing about 1.8 kg per bird. Most of the respondents (64%) sold broiler at 30-33 d of age and about 80% respondents marketing their broiler at 110-115 taka per kg live bird. About 36% respondents had production cost approximately 90-95 taka per kg bird. In this study, about 36% respondents reported more marketing age of birds, 32% reported higher cost of production and 30% reported lack of training facilities. In conclusion, the result of present  study could  be considered useful to farmers and researchers to identify the overall problems and their remedies on management and marketing related to broiler production.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v41i2.14129Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2012. 41 (2): 116-119
Adoption of dairy farming technologies by small farm holders: practices and constraints
Authors: Quddus MA
Published: March 2013

In Bangladesh, usually, small scale farmers are not adopted to use all kinds of improved technologies in dairy farming. But, high level of technology adoption has a direct impact on milk yield and households income generation as well as dairy development. The objectives of this study was to determine the causes of adoption and non adoption of high yielding breed, the level of practices and constraints in adopting the improved technologies. The study was carried out in three different agro-ecological zones and 180 dairy cattle farmers were interviewed. Self practiced dairy technologies were listed, adoption score for each technology and adoption index for each farmer were studied. One-fourth farmers used artificial insemination for breeding purpose and two-fifth belonged to medium or high level of technology adoption. Only 35% farmers adopted crossbred cows and some others upgraded indigenous with exotic breeds. About 17.5% rural farmers and 70% semi-urban farmers reared crossbred cows and rural farmers are reluctant to utilize all kinds of improved technologies. Secondary and higher educated farmers were 9.7 times more likely to be adopting improved technologies compared to illiterate farmers. Top ranked constraints were ill equipped and negligible services at AI centre, no provision for testing of animals, poor knowledge of farmers about health care of animals and inadequate knowledge about proper feeding and balanced ration. Need more knowledge on improved technologies through training, availability of reliable and continuous technical assistance, availability and low price of concentrate feeds, increased and timely provision of medicine, increasing AI facilities, providing pure breed and strengthening extension services were the main suggestions from farmers.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v41i2.14132Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2012. 41 (2): 124-135
Distance education on dairy farming - its impact among learners
Authors: Senthilkumar T , Sudeepkumar NK , Thirunavukkarasu M
Published: March 2013

A study was conducted to assess the impact of the distance education courses on dairy and goat farming on knowledge gained, skills obtained and economic benefits attained by the learners. The data was collected from 100 respondents who were selected randomly from 221 successful candidates during the period of 2000-01 to 2004-05. A majority of the respondents gained knowledge in credit/ insurance, housing systems followed by farm economics, clean milk production, calf rearing and feed and feeding methods. The respondents of all categories had increased their farm size (with percentage gain ranged between 59.38 and 75.07) and daily average milk yield (with percentage gain ranged between 48.34 and 66.17). Further the small, medium and large category farmers had gained additional income with per cent gain ranged from 73.38 to 122.26. There was a highly significant gain in production and income in all categories of farmers with respect to farm size, milk yield, sale of milk, dung and animals and net change in the value of stock.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v41i2.14133Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2012. 40 (2): 136-140
Scope of common DNA based methods for the study of rumen bacterial population
Authors: Shakira G , Mirza IH , Latif A
Published: March 2013

Innovative methods in relation to rumen microbiology are mainly focused on the study of rumen microbial population. Rumen ecosystem is highly responsive to changes in diet, age, antibiotic use, health of the host animal, which varies according to geographical location, season, and feeding scheme. Until recently, knowledge of rumen fermentation was primarily studied using classical culture-based techniques, such as isolation, enumeration and nutritional characterization, which probably only account for 10 to 20% of the rumen microbial biomass. An increase in bacterial numbers recovered from the rumen is the most reproducible effect  of  dietary  yeast  supplementation, and  it has  been  recognized that  the  increased bacterial population especially cellulolytic bacteria is central to the action of the yeast in improving ruminant productivity . Many DNA based methods have described the diet dependent shift in the diversity of rumen bacterial population. This paper is primarily aimed to see different DNA based methods for study rumen bacterial population.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v41i2.14134Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2012. 41 (2): 141-146
Effect of Isotopic Substitution on Elementary Processes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Deuterated Amino-Phenyl Acid Dyes on TiO2
Authors: Manzhos Sergei , Segawa Hiroshi , Yamashita Koichi
Published: March 2013

We present the first computational study of the effects of isotopic substitution on the operation of dye-sensitized solar cells. Ab initio molecular dynamics is used to study the effect of deuteration on light absorption, dye adsorption dynamics, the averaged over vibrations driving force to injection (∆Gi) and regeneration (∆Gr), as well as on promotion of electron back-donation in dyes NK1 (2E,4E-2-cyano-5-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)penta-2,4-dienoic acid) and NK7 (2E,4E-2-cyano-5-(4-diphenylaminophenyl)penta-2,4-dienoic acid) adsorbed in monodentate molecular and bidentate bridging dissociative configurations on the anatase (101) surface of TiO2. Deuteration causes a red shift of the absorption spectrum of the dye/TiO2 complex by about 5% (dozens of nm), which can noticeably affect the overlap with the solar spectrum in real cells. The dynamics effect on the driving force to injection and recombination (the difference between the averaged <∆Gi,r> and ∆Gi,requil at the equilibrium configuration) is strong, yet there is surprisingly little isotopic effect: the average driving force to injection <∆Gi> and to regeneration <∆Gr> changes by only about 10 meV upon deuteration. The nuclear dynamics enhance recombination to the dye ground state due to the approach of the electron-donating group to TiO2, yet this effect is similar for deuterated and non-deuterated dyes. We conclude that the nuclear dynamics of the C-H(D) bonds, mostly affected by deuteration, might not be important for the operation of photoelectrochemical cells based on organic dyes. As the expectation value of the ground state energy is higher than its optimum geometry value (by up to 0.1 eV in the present case), nuclear motions will affect dye regeneration by recently proposed redox shuttle-dye combinations operating at low driving forces.
Potential of Nitrogen Gas (N2) Flushing to Extend the Shelf Life of Cold Stored Pasteurised Milk
Authors: Munsch-Alatossava Patricia , Ghafar Abdul , Alatossava Tapani
Published: March 2013

For different reasons, the amount of food loss for developing and developed countries is approximately equivalent. Altogether, these losses represent approximately 1/3 of the global food production. Significant amounts of pasteurised milk are lost due to bad smell and unpleasant taste. Currently, even under the best cold chain conditions, psychrotolerant spore-forming bacteria, some of which also harbour virulent factors, limit the shelf life of pasteurised milk. N2 gas-based flushing has recently been of interest for improving the quality of raw milk. Here, we evaluated the possibility of addressing bacterial growth in pasteurised milk during cold storage at 6 °C and 8 °C. Clearly, the treatments hindered bacterial growth, in a laboratory setting, when N2-treated milk were compared to the corresponding controls, which suggests that N2-flushing treatment constitutes a promising option to extend the shelf life of pasteurised milk.
“And Then, the Weekend Started”: Story of a WSN Deployment on a Construction Site
Authors: Fernández-Steeger Tomás , Ceriotti Matteo , Bitsch Link Jó Ágila , May Matthias , Hentschel Klaus , Wehrle Klaus
Published: March 2013

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are versatile monitoring systems that can provide a large amount of real-time data in scenarios where wired infrastructures are inapplicable or expensive. This technology is expected to be handled by domain experts, who perceive a WSN as a (promised to be) easy to deploy black box. This work presents the deployment experience of a WSN, as conducted by domain experts, in a ground improvement area. Building upon off-the-shelf solutions, a fuel cell powered gateway and 21 sensor devices measuring acceleration, inclination, temperature and barometric pressure were installed to monitor ground subsidence. We report about how poor GSM service, malfunctioning hardware, unknown communication patterns and obscure proprietary software required in-field ad-hoc solutions. Through the lessons learned, we look forward to investigating how to make the deployment of these systems an easier task.
Dynamic Motion and Rearranged Molecular Shape of Heme in Myoglobin: Structural and Functional Consequences
Authors: Neya Saburo
Published: March 2013

Myoglobin, a simple oxygen binding protein, was reconstituted with various types of synthetic hemes to manipulate the heme-globin interactions. From the paramagnetic NMR analysis, small heme was found to rotate rapidly about the iron-histidine bond upon. This is a novel and typical example for the fluctuation of protein. The dynamic NMR analysis indicated that the 360° rotational rate of a small heme was 1,400 s−1 at room temperature. The X-ray analyses revealed that the tertiary structure of globin containing the smallest heme was closely similar to that of native protein despite extensive destruction of the specific heme-globin interactions. The functional analyses of O2 binding showed that the loose heme-globin contacts do not significantly affect the oxygen binding. On the other hand, the rearrangement of tetrapyrrole array and the non-planar deformation in porphyrin ring significantly affect the functional properties of myoglobin. These results, taken together, indicate that the essential factors to regulate the myoglobin function are hidden under the molecular shape of prosthetic group rather than in the nonbonded heme-globin contacts.
Des ajustements de circonstance. L'État colonial, le mouvement nationaliste et les lois de contrôle des loyers (Bombay, 1918-1928)
Authors: Caru Vanessa R.
Published: March 2013

Cet article analyse la signification politique de la mise en œuvre, entre 1918 et 1928, de lois de contrôle des loyers à Bombay. La ville indienne, qui participe activement à l’effort de guerre britannique, se trouve en effet fortement exposée aux bouleversements introduits par le conflit. Il s’agit d’établir si, en promulguant ces mesures de contrôle, les autorités coloniales s’alignent sur les évolutions visibles en métropole, vers la prise en compte par l’État de nouveaux devoirs sociaux. L’article s’y attache en menant une étude précise du contexte de la mise en œuvre et du dispositif de cette législation, afin de déterminer à quelles demandes, sociales ou politiques, les Britanniques ont cherché en priorité à répondre.
« Faire l'Algérie agréable ». Tourisme et colonisation en Algérie des années 1870 à 1962
Authors: Zytnicki Colette
Published: March 2013

Sillonnée par les voyageurs depuis le milieu de XIX e siècle, l’Algérie devient par la suite une destination touristique prisée par les hiverneurs et les touristes. Au tournant du XX e siècle, milieux d’affaires locaux et autorités coloniales mettent en place des structures destinées à favoriser l’essor du tourisme dans le pays. Pour les uns et les autres, le tourisme est à la fois une source de richesse potentielle pour la colonie, mais également une caisse de résonance de « l’œuvre française » en Algérie. Les militaires quant à eux prennent en main le développement de l’activité du tourisme au Sahara. Toutefois, malgré les efforts consentis – qui restent cependant modestes au regard des ambitions affichées –, le tourisme peine à se développer. La tentative d’implanter un tourisme populaire après la Seconde Guerre mondiale ne rencontre pas non plus le succès attendu. C’est à l’étude des politiques déployées en matière de tourisme qu’est consacré cet article, qui se veut une (modeste) contribution à l’étude des sociétés coloniales.
The Study on Waveform Sets Transmission for Multistatic Radar
Authors: Xie Feng , Ye Xiao Hui , Liu Feng
Published: March 2013

This study is concerned with finding waveforms which are easily separated, thereby facilitating multistatic radar. However this study considers the use of multiple waveforms at each transmitter. Each waveform is transmitted in a separate independent channel; however each transmitter uses the same set of channels. These channels might be orthogonal frequencies, time delays, or polarisation. In this study we exploit the fact that complementary codes occur in mutually–orthogonal sets. These codes are used to create several waveform sets, each of which is assigned to a different transmitter, and the component waveforms then transmitted in different channels.
Study on Wear Mechanism of Chromium Carbide Coating Reinforced Cast Iron Cylinder Sleeve
Authors: Ye Zi Bo , Qu Sheng Guan , Hu Yong , Wang Guang Hong
Published: March 2013

In tribological system of internal combustion engine, cylinders and pistons were in high temperature, pressure and load working status. An SRV IV wear tester was used to measure dynamic coefficient of friction by simulating working condition of cylinder liner and piston ring. The worn surface topography was observed through scanning electron microscope and metallography. The results show that loads had little effect on the friction coefficient under oil lubrication. Cylinder with the high-chromium carburizing ring in pairs displayed wear in the form of plastic deformation, while cylinder with the phosphide cast iron ring in pairs displayed adhesive wear. The piston ring was subjected to shear stress and tensile force under dry friction condition and deformed into tapering burr. Lubricants played a bearer role under lubrication condition; therefore, surface borderline of piston ring was relatively flat.
Effect of the Friction Coefficient on Large Strain Extrusion Machining
Authors: Lin Ping , Xie Zi Chun , Li Qing
Published: March 2013

The present study focused on the influence of the friction coefficient on the deformation behavior in large strain extrusion machining (LSEM). A series of simulation results of effective strain were obtained under different friction coefficients by conducting finite element simulations with a FEM code. The results show that LSEM can produce different effective strains by changing the friction coefficients, thus enabling the fabrication of bulk nanostructured materials. An analysis of the variation of effective strain through the chip demonstrated that the chip deformed much more inhomogeneously when the friction coefficient became larger. The obtained results can offer valuable guidelines for later LSEM studies.
Simulation Analysis of Spiral Bevel Gear Tooth Surface Generation Based on VERICUT
Authors: Hong Zhao Bin , Yang Zhao Jun , Wang Bai Chao , Zhang Xue Cheng
Published: March 2013

Based on the deeply study on VERICUT, the generating process of spiral bevel gear surface is simulated in this paper. A certain surface generation process of spiral bevel gear is analyzed as an example. First the 3D solid models of gear cutting machine, cutter and gear blank are built. Then the NC program is compiled based on the generating principle of tooth surface. Finally the surface generating movement of spiral bevel gear is realized through selecting control system and importing the NC program. It can be indicated that the simulation analysis of surface generation can optimize the cutting movement and provide theoretical basis for the movement analysis of gear cutting.
Analysis on the Stiffness of Leaf Spring Based on ABAQUS
Authors: Zhang Hong Bao
Published: March 2013

In this paper, using ABAQUS (finite element analysis software), a finite element model for leaf spring is established, the load and constraint of leaf spring used in experiment are simulated, and also the stiffness of leaf spring is analyzed and compared with the stiffness test of actual leaf spring.
Development of Engine Vibration Test Virtual Instrument
Authors: Liu Xian Yu
Published: March 2013

Using the software technologies of the LabVIEW 7 Express and hardware technologies of the PCI-MIO-16E-4 data acquisition card, which is the famous production of NI designing and developing the Virtual Instrument about the engine vibration's real-time testing and analysis, including the vibration graphic displaying, data recording and the FFT of the engine vibration; Applying it to a automobile engine's base vibration, supplying a convenient condition for the performance analysis and default diagnosis of the engine.
Discuss BMW Automatic Transmission Work Principle and Fault Handling
Authors: Chen Chao
Published: March 2013

The structure of the automatic transmission is slightly complicated than the manual gearbox, but its function has increased greatly. Classification, automatic transmission control of the gear transmission system can be divided into hydraulic control hydraulic automatic transmission and electronically controlled hydraulic automatic transmission, hydraulic transmission device can be divided into the structure of the fluid coupling and torque converter, combined with the above the structure and principle of a BMW to analyze automatic transmission failure and treatment.
Realizing Method of MATLAB Software for Fault Diagnosis of Freight Bearings
Authors: Chen Chun Chao
Published: March 2013

In order to realize the online fault diagnosis of freight rolling bearing without disassembling, a simulation test platform was established in the laboratory and acoustic emission (AE) sensor of AE-98/R15 was used to acquire AE signals. According to the signal characteristics, MATLAB software was used to analyze features of signals with wavelet packet and to recognize bearing state with probabilistic neural network. These methods have a very good effect for fault diagnosis in the laboratory. The innovation of this paper is that the above methods are effectively used for fault diagnosis and provide a feasible scheme for field application.
Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing Based on Feature-Level Fusion Method
Authors: Jiang Ling Li , Yin Hua Kui , Tang Si Wen
Published: March 2013

Bearing failure is one of the foremost causes of breakdowns in rotating machinery and such failure can be catastrophic. Fault diagnosis is critical to maintaining the normal operation of the bearings. This paper proposes feature-level fusion method for rolling bearing fault diagnosis. Features are extracted from eight vibration signals to constitute a fusion vector. SVM is used for pattern recognition. The case study results show that the proposed method is useful for rolling bearing fault diagnosis.
Capacitor Optimization of the Single-Phase Capacitor-Run Induction Motor
Authors: Wang Xu Dong , Hao Bao Bao , Xu Xiao Zhuo , Gao Qing Hua
Published: March 2013

Capacitor matching in single-phase capacitor-run induction motor (SPCRIM) is investigated in this paper. Combining symmetrical components method with resultant current method, capacitor value is calculated. Relationship between turn ratio of main winding and auxiliary winding, main winding current, auxiliary winding current and capacitor value is analyzed by simulation. SPCRIM is optimized on the ground of the theoretically calculated capacitor value and turn ratio of the main and auxiliary windings with FEA (Finite Element Analysis). Results show that calculated capacitor value contributes to the determination of turn ratio of the main winding and auxiliary winding, and with appropriately calculated capacitor value and turn ratio, small winding current can be got.
Voltage-Mode Multi-Valued Schmitt Trigger with Neuron-MOS Transistors
Authors: Hang Guo Qiang , Zhou Xuan Chang , Zhang Dan Yan , Yang Yang
Published: March 2013

A novel design scheme of multiple-valued Schmitt trigger using neuron-MOS transistors is presented. By controlling the voltages of the multiple-input gates, the neuron-MOS literal circuits with hysteresis characteristics are firstly designed. Then, the transmission switches used to pass quaternary signal are controlled by the outputs of these literal circuits to realize three hysteresis loops of quaternary Schmitt circuit. The benefit of the proposed quaternary Schmitt trigger is that the circuit can be fabricated by standard CMOS process with a 2-ploy layer. The three hysteresis loops are fully adjustable by sizing the ratio of capacitive coupling coefficients. The effectiveness of the proposed Schmitt trigger has been validated by HSPICE simulation results with TSMC 0.35μm 2-ploy 4-metal CMOS technology, and the discrepancy of hysteresis values between the simulated and theoretical results is smaller than 6%.
A New Approach of Determination of Comprehensive Weight in Condition Assessment of Power Transformer
Authors: Zhao Bao Guang , Zhao Xin Hua , Wang Cheng Zhang , Tian Chun , Zhao Xiang Lei , Li Ke Jun
Published: March 2013

The weight of evaluation index plays a key role in condition assessment and maintenance control of power transformer. A new approach of determination of comprehensive weight is proposed in this paper. The approach combines the entropy objective weight with the expert subjective weight together in a specific form, which not only avoids the situation that single weight determines the overall weight, but considers the primary and secondary problem between the two weights. The comprehensive weight calculated by this approach can reflect the place of every index in condition assessment of power transformer well. Empirical results show that the approach is reasonable and available.
Research and Design for 2D-FFT Processor Based on FPGA
Authors: Cheng Xiao Yu , Yang Jun , Zuo Yun Hua
Published: March 2013

In this paper, a 2D-FFT processor design on CORDIC algorithm has proposed. This design extracts the radix-4 algorithm in FFT as the foundation, uses the assembly line technology to enhance the turnover rate for the whole system, and has many characteristics with the simple hardware architecture, low component, stable running and high precision. This design has carried on the timing simulation on Altera chip EP2C35F672C6, can satisfy 50MHz system clock.
Study on Fluctuation Reason of DC-Side Voltage of Active Power Filter and Stability Control
Authors: Ai Yong Le , Xu Shuai , Zhang Fan
Published: March 2013

Aiming at the influence of the dc-side voltage fluctuation on the active power filter (APF) performance, the cause of dc-side voltage fluctuation is elaborated on the basis of instantaneous power theory, and the control principle of the dc-side voltage on the instantaneous energy balance is analyzed. Then, the PI control method of dc-side voltage is put forward to simulate in MATLAB/Simulink. Two methods which are with and without PI control of dc-side voltage are compared. The simulation results show that this control method make the APF have a good com-pensation effect.
Simulation Research of Vector Control System Based on the Improved MRAS Speed Sensorless
Authors: Yang Ling Xiao , Zhang Jing
Published: March 2013

According to the basic principle of vector control for the asynchronous motor, a speed sensorless vector control system of asynchronous motor is bulit which based on the Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) theory. The traditional MRAS speed identification algorithm is vulnerable to the effects of stator resistance, an improved method of MRAS speed identification is put forward. A simulation model of the speed sensorless vector control system based on MRAS is bulit in Matlab/simulink, the simulation results show that the speed estimation method can accurately calculate the speed of motor.
Narrow-Band-Gap Polymer Photovoltaic Materials Synthesis and Photovoltaic Research
Authors: Wei Yong Sen
Published: March 2013

In recent years, research of the narrow-band-gap polymer photovoltaic (PV) materials in the field of light-emitting diodes, field effect transistors, solar cells and sensors has made tremendous progress and its application becomes more widely. In order to obtain a better performance of the photovoltaic material, in the process of design the polymer, we must consider the spectral range, the energy gap, the balance between the LUMO and HOMO level. Through the analysis of the narrow-band-gap polymers, this paper described the synthesis of the photovoltaic material, and detailed analyzes its photovoltaic characteristics. This paper introduces the double bonds to combine DTBT receptors and different electron donor, to synthesize new narrow-band-gap polymer photovoltaic materials with photovoltaic properties.
Synthesis of Hyperbranched Polymeric Bactericides
Authors: Li Xiao Xing , Chen Jie , Jia Ji Zhang
Published: March 2013

This paper studied a kind of new bactericides material. We synthesized a kind of hyperbranched polymer. It had bactericidal performance. Cyanuric chloride reacted with 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene. Then got a kind of polyhydric of hyperbranched polymer. This hyperbranched polymer reacted with hydrobromic acid, diethylenetriamine, chloroacetic acid in deferent steps. And finally we got a new kind of hyperbranched polymer bactericides.The relevant key factors to influence those reaction was studied. This paper created a new direction of bactericides material development.
Analysis and Research of the Ductility Performance of the Steel Reinforced Concrete Structure Based on the Filling Technology
Authors: Huang Min
Published: March 2013

At present the reinforced concrete structure is one of the structures widely used. With China's rapid economic development and the improvement of people's living standard, the structural safety requirements are also getting higher and higher. Especially in the design in the structure of the modern housing, the ductility performance of the steel reinforced concrete structure becomes more and more important. This paper put forward the design basis aiming to study the steel structure ductility design, preventing early damage of the member in the role of the earthquake, and avoiding structure system appear undue damage.
Study on Displacement Measurement for Induced Strain Field Based on Digital Speckle Pattern Interferometry Method
Authors: Liu Jing , Zhang Hui , Li Jun , Chen Da Chuan , Tang Yan Kun
Published: March 2013

Digital Speckle Pattern Interferometry ( DSPI for short ) method has become one of the most practical worthy techniques for speckle measuring methods with the high-speed development of optic-electronical technique, image processing technology and electronic computer technology. There is a lot of advantages about it, such as uncomplicated operation, non-contacting, advanced automatic level, measurement on-line and extensive using. In this thesis, the displacement variation of the induced strain field for driving by piezoelectric ceramics can be measured by using this method. Thus we can come to a conclusion that digital speckle pattern interferometry is a new measuring method for extracting small-signal. It also provides a powerfully theoretical and experimental platform for study of automated, full-field, high-precision and nondestructive measurement.
Hoist Positioning System Based on the Acceleration Sensor
Authors: Wang Fu Zhong , Zhang Fu Kai , Zhang Li Min
Published: March 2013

A displacement measurement based on the acceleration sensor, the acceleration signal detection, conditioning hardware circuit design and displacement calculation; Due to signal interference in the measurement process, in order to improve the measurement accuracy of the acceleration signal, a composite filter, and completed the programming of the MSP430 microcontroller, field tests showed that the displacement calculation results obtained on the basis of the acceleration measurement to fully meet the accuracy requirements of field measurement.
Automatic Counting System Based on MCU
Authors: Ying Yu Ming , Yang Xiao Hong
Published: March 2013

For the low accuracy and low efficiency of artificial counting problem, we introduced a set of automatic counting system which can be applied in the particulate workpiece counting. With infrared transmitting and receiving module as sensor, when a workpiece passes through the surveyed area, the light will be blocked by the workpiece and the receiving module will emit a pulse signal, the counting for the passing workpiece just is the workpiece number. This text make detailed introduction to the hardware circuit and software design and An on-line type automatic control photoelectric counter system is developed based on this photoelectric detection method. The experiments show that the instrument has the advantages of precision counting, fast detection speed and strong practicability.
A New Study of China's Advanced Water Injection Technology for Low-Permeability Reservoirs
Authors: Tian Leng , Ma Ming Xu , He Shun Li
Published: March 2013

China has large volumes of low-permeability reservoirs, distributed widely in the Ordos, Karamay and Songliao basins. In the recent decade, a new technology called advanced water injection (AWI), which is to inject water into formation to increase or maintain pressure for 3 to 6 months before oil production, has been applied to efficiently develop low-permeability reservoirs. This paper studies mechanisms and applications of AWI in China. Especially, its resent application in Xifeng oilfield has been described in detail. Most importantly, this paper proposes a simple equation to calculate optimal injected volume of water and pressure rise.
The Research about Image Enhancement of the Cylindrical Workpiece Based on Matlab
Authors: Wu Qian , Guan Hao Bing , Gu Ji Nan , Fan Fan
Published: March 2013

This article first puts forward an image of a cylindrical workpiece, then analysis the histogram of it and normalized it. Focusing on the feature that the gray value of the cylindrical workpiece is different from that of other parts, the article puts forward a method called ‘’Targeted grey value interval Segmentation’’ to abstract the target feature, after analyze the divided grey value interval. Finally noises in the image are removed through negated binary image and morphological closing operation. Experiments shows that apply this algorithm in this kind of image can result in better image enhancing effect.
The System Development on Automatic Programming of Numerical Control Lathe Based on AutoCAD
Authors: Zhan Nian Yuan , Xie Xiang Qiang
Published: March 2013

This paper put forward a kind of computer aided programming of CNC lathe model design method, this model based on the characteristics of various components lathe design. Therefore, through to the automatic programming system studies the key techniques a artificial intelligence research and development under the environment of quick and precise nc code technology. Among them, including graphics collection system, mould processing system, system optimization and NC code automatic generation, and a series of automatic coding process. Through the study of the workpiece geometry turn program, combined with the hybrid system module design features and characteristics identification provide CAD code design program.
Study on the Artificial Intelligence Diagnosis System of the Coal and Gas Outburst Risk Level
Authors: Li Tao , Wang Fu Zhong
Published: March 2013

According to the outstanding problems line in coal and gas outburst risk level evaluation, a coal and gas outburst risk level artificial intelligence diagnosis system is offered in this paper. The system is consisted of two main parts, the gas information acquisition subsystem and the evaluation of the gas outburst risk level subsystem. The accurate evaluation of the gas outburst risk grade and then the presenting of scientific outburst prevention measures can be realized by the integrated use of electronic information technology, computer technology, artificial intelligence and decision-making technology. So it has important implications for the prevention of gas outburst disasters.
Precision Parts Parallelism Error on-Line Detection Based on the CCD Imaging System
Authors: Feng Xiao Feng , Zhang Qian , Liao You Jun
Published: March 2013

In order to meet the requirement of high precision and high efficiency in parts detection, the paper made the research on parts shape-position error on-line detection, put forward a new detection method about parts detection, applied the CCD imaging techniques into the machining quality on-line detection of parts, detected the edge points of parts image by making use of wavelet transformation and Hough transformation, fit the points using least-squares procedure and got the equation of line accurately, realized the non-contact detection of surface quality of parts. Experiment shows that the new method can detect parallelism error more accurately and effectively compared to the artificial detection method.
Study on Predictive Control Algorithm of Reactor Temperature
Authors: Li Ming Qiu , Yu Yan Xin
Published: March 2013

Reactor is hard to control because it has the characteristics of time-varying, nonlinear and large time delay. There are many uncertainties in its working process. In order to improve the dynamic performance of reactor temperature control, predictive control technology was adopted in this paper. On the basis of considering the system performance requirements and uncertainties, predictive control model was established. Improved dynamic matrix control (DMC) control algorithm with system uncertainty was designed to control reactor temperature. The simulation result shows that the system has no overshoot and its steady-state error is little than 6.2645e-004. The system has stronger robust performance when uncertainty parameter of system unknown uncertainty matrix G changes. Improved predictive DMC control algorithm can make the system have better dynamic performance than PID control and meet the need of the industry productive process.
Research of Fuzzy Self-Turning PID Control Based on FPGA
Authors: Yu Ya Kun , Kong Xing
Published: March 2013

This article introduced carries on the fuzzy controller’s design process using the VHDL language, The degree of membership function's memory used the partition memory law to the fuzzy control process, the design method has been simple, raised the operating speed and the precision. with the advantages of fuzzy control theory and the limitations which the PID control algorithm for the traditional application in the modern agriculture, meanwhile designed the fuzzy self-turning PID control algorithm, and then studied and analysis this algorithm deeply, and has given the corresponding VHDL code.
Fuzzy Adaptive PID Control for Parallel Machine Tool
Authors: Zhang Jing Dong , Tang Rui , Wei Yong Qiao
Published: March 2013

The hydraulic control system, which is important composition of parallel machine tool, is a high order, nonlinear, parameter uncertain system, which seriously affect dynamic performance of machine tool, So it is very difficult to gain good performance with traditional control. By making a single-channel control of parallel machine tool as the research object, a fuzzy adaptive PID controller is proposed based on the traditional PID control and fuzzy control theory. Using the Fuzzy PID controller, PID parameters can real-time change and the system has good adaptive ability and robustness. System dynamic simulation is made by the MATLAB. Simulation results reveal that the performance of this adaptive fuzzy PID controller is much better than the conventional PID controller, even in the external disturbance and system conditions changing, this controller has the the characteristics of fast response and good robustness.
Study on Control Strategy for Regenerative Braking of Electric Vehicles
Authors: Zhai Zhi Qiang , Zhang Xin Na
Published: March 2013

To improve the efficiency of braking energy recovery,a control strategy for braking force distribution was designed.The front and rear wheels braking force were distributed according to the braking intensity,motor characteristics and relevant regulations.A simulation model was created and analyzed for this control strategy on the basis of software simulationX.The result shows that nearly 26% of total energy consumption are recovered effectively under the UDDS cycle on the premise of security and stability.
Adaptive Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control for Uncertain Inverted Pendulum System
Authors: Zhang Jiao Long , Zhang Wei
Published: March 2013

Firstly, the mathematical model of inverted pendulum system is created. Taking into account the uncertainty of inverted pendulum system external disturbances, adaptive fuzzy sliding mode controller is proposed with sliding mode control (SMC) theory and fuzzy logic theory. This controller can weaken the impact of uncertainty through fuzzification of the switching gain, Owing to Fuzzy approximation of the inverted pendulum system equations for an inverted pendulum with unknown parameters, this system achieve the adaptive control and optimize the control action. Secondly, inverted pendulum system has the features which SMC can keep invariance to the external disturbance and parameter perturbation. Lyapunov function is used to prove the stability of the controller. Simulation results also show that this controller can ensure inverted pendulum system fast response and robustness in the SIMULINK conditions.
Application of Fuzzy Neural Network PID Controller in Networked Control Systems
Authors: Fu Zi Yi , Wang Lu , Wang Lei
Published: March 2013

Aiming at the performance degradation and system destabilization which are caused by time delay in networked control systems (NCSs), a novel fuzzy neural network PID controller is proposed to alleviate the adverse effect. This approach enjoys the advantage of functional mapping of the fuzzy neural network, and gives better performance in tuning the PID controller parameters online. The simulation of the improved networked controller is carried out through the matlab/truetime, and the DC motor which has higher real-time performance is chosen as a control object. The simulation results illustrate that the controller can effectively improve the control performance and keep the system stable.
Stable Adaptive Control Strategy in Thrust System of Shield Machine
Authors: Hu Rui , Gong Guo Fang , Wang Lin Tao , Yang Xu
Published: March 2013

In this paper, a stable adaptive control strategy was proposed to improve the adaptive ability of thrust system of shield machine. The control strategy is composed of internal pressure feedback loop control and external advanced single neuron PID loop control. Its effectiveness was finally demonstrated by the result of AMESim-Matlab/Simulink Co-simulation.
Development Status of Hydrogen Energy and Application Prospects
Authors: Li Shan Shan
Published: March 2013

The energy problem is the basis development of the material productive forces of human society, from the use of fuel and power resources, is focused and plays the highest combustion. Having entered the era of knowledge economy, economic development more like the teachings of the CPC Central Committee, on the basis of people-oriented, earnestly implement the scientific concept of development, adhere to the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development, and to adhere to the development and construction of circular economy. To maximize the potential of the understanding of material and the relationship between development and changes, firmly grasp the general direction, and strive to promote each other to make a greater contribution to the human society and the natural.