bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantifying T Cell Cross-Reactivity: Influenza and Coronaviruses
Authors: Gaevert Jessica Ann , Luque Duque Daniel , Lythe Grant , Molina-París Carmen , Thomas Paul Glyndwr
Published: September 2021

If viral strains are sufficiently similar in their immunodominant epitopes, then populations of cross-reactive T cells may be boosted by exposure to one strain and provide protection against infection by another at a later date. This type of pre-existing immunity may be important in the adaptive immune response to influenza and to coronaviruses. Patterns of recognition of epitopes by T cell clonotypes (a set of cells sharing the same T cell receptor) are represented as edges on a bipartite network. We describe different methods of constructing bipartite networks that exhibit cross-reactivity, and the dynamics of the T cell repertoire in conditions of homeostasis, infection and re-infection. Cross-reactivity may arise simply by chance, or because immunodominant epitopes of different strains are structurally similar. We introduce a circular space of epitopes, so that T cell cross-reactivity is a quantitative measure of the overlap between clonotypes that recognize similar (that is, close in epitope space) epitopes.
Molecular Survey of Babesia and Anaplasma Infection in Cattle in Bolivia
Authors: Ogata Shohei , Pereira Juan Antonio Cristian , Jhonny Loza Vega Ariel , Carolina Herbas Perez Gladys , Matsuno Keita , Orba Yasuko , Sawa Hirofumi , Kawamori Fumihiko , Nonaka Nariaki , Nakao Ryo
Published: September 2021

Latin American countries produce more than a quarter of the world’s beef and are a major global supplier of livestock protein. Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) are a major constraint to the livestock industry worldwide, including in Latin America. The aim of this study was to detect and characterise tick-borne pathogens in cattle from Santa Cruz, Bolivia, where no detailed epidemiological data are available. Blood samples were collected from 104 cattle. Apicomplexan parasites were detected by nested PCR amplification of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA), and Anaplasmataceae was screened by the PCR amplification of 16S rDNA, followed by characterisation based on the heat shock protein and citrate synthase gene sequences. Babesia infection was observed in nine cattle (one Babesia bovis and eight Babesia bigemina), while Anaplasmataceae infection was detected in thirty-two cattle. A sequencing analysis confirmed the presence of Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma platys-like. These results provide the first molecular evidence for the four above-mentioned tick-borne pathogens in cattle in Bolivia. This information improves our understanding of the epidemiology of TBDs and will help in formulating appropriate and improved pathogen control strategies.
Suitability of the Decentralised Wastewater Treatment Effluent for Agricultural Use: Decision Support System Approach
Authors: Musazura William , Odindo Alfred O.
Published: September 2021

The decentralised wastewater treatment system (DEWATS) is an onsite sanitation technology that can be used in areas away from municipal sewerage networks. The discharge of effluent emanating from DEWATS into water bodies may cause pollution. Agricultural use of the effluent may improve crop yields and quality thereby contributing to food security in low-income communities. There are drawbacks to the agricultural use of treated wastewater. Therefore, the study assessed the crop, environmental and health risks when irrigating with anaerobic filter (AF) effluent using the Decision Support System (DSS) of the South African Water Quality Guideline model, in four South African agroecological regions, three soil types, two irrigation systems and three different crops. The model was parameterised using AF effluent characterisation data and simulated for 45 years. The model predicted that there are no negative impacts for using AF effluent on soil quality parameters (root zone salinity, soil permeability and oxidisable carbon loading), leaf scorching and irrigation equipment. The problems were reported for nutrient loading (N and P) in maize and microbial contamination in cabbage and lettuce. It was recommended that the effluent should be diluted when used for maize production and advanced treatment should be explored to allow unrestricted agricultural use.
Strategy for Realizing Regional Rural Water Security on Tropical Peatland
Authors: Herawati Henny , Kartini  , Akbar Aji Ali , Abdurrahman Tatang
Published: September 2021

Fulfilling the need for clean water and proper sanitation is, globally, a basic human requirement, and Indonesia is no exception. Clean water and adequate sanitation are the sixth goal of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and targets include to ensure the availability of clean water and sustainable sanitation for all by 2030. The achievement of targets in water supply and sanitation in Indonesia is still lagging behind other fields. There are differences in the ease of obtaining access to clean water sources in urban and rural areas, especially for rural communities living on peatlands who experience issues in being provided with clean water. The difficulty is that, even though the amount of available water is relatively large, its quality is low. Barriers to the equitable distribution of services by the government to the entire community are caused by the limited availability of funding, the geographical conditions of scattered settlements, and the limited capacity of human resources. As a result of this problem, it is necessary to formulate a management strategy for providing access to clean water and sanitation for rural communities on peatlands. This research uses the case-study method. The management strategy was formulated on the basis of the environmental and socioeconomic conditions of the community. This method was used to test the effectiveness of the formulated strategy in realizing water security on peatlands in the village of Wajok Hilir. The resulting management strategy can be applied to other villages that have the same land characteristics. The strategy to realize water security for rural communities on peatlands is a self-service strategy. The implementation of the self-service strategy needs to be supported by infrastructure in the form of peat water treatment plant buildings, wells drilled to aquifer depths, and canal blocking to control the groundwater level in peatlands. The management strategy is carried out with community participation, considering that peatlands are a potential water source to meet clean water needs and achieve sustainable water security targets. Efforts to implement the self-service strategy are carried out with these methods: (1) socialization carried out in an integrated manner, (2) infrastructure development as a pilot project, (3) providing knowledge about infrastructure operations, (4) providing temporary assistance to the community, and (5) providing material supplies so that rural communities that are partners can become pioneers of similar movements.
Removal of Hydrogen Peroxide Residuals and By-Product Bromate from Advanced Oxidation Processes by Granular Activated Carbon
Authors: Wang Feifei , Zhang Lu , Wei Liangfu , van der Hoek Jan Peter
Published: September 2021

During drinking water treatment, advanced oxidation process (AOP) with O3 and H2O2 may result in by-products, residual H2O2 and BrO3−. The water containing H2O2 and BrO3− often flows into subsequent granular activated carbon (GAC) filters. A concentrated H2O2 solution can be used as GAC modification reagent at 60 °C to improve its adsorption ability. However, whether low concentrations of H2O2 residuals from AOP can modify GAC, and the impact of H2O2 residuals on BrO3− removal by the subsequent GAC filter at ambient temperature, is unknown. This study evaluated the modification of GAC surface functional groups by residual H2O2 and its effect on BrO3− removal by GAC. Results showed that both H2O2 and BrO3− were effectively removed by virgin GAC, while pre-loaded and regenerated GACs removed H2O2 but not BrO3− anymore. At the ambient temperature 150 µmol/L H2O2 residuals consumed large amounts of functional groups, which resulted in the decrease of BrO3− removal by virgin GAC in the presence of H2O2 residuals. Redox reactions between BrO3− and surface functional groups played a dominant role in BrO3− removal by GAC, and only a small amount of BrO3− was removed by GAC adsorption. The higher the pH, the less BrO3− removal and the more H2O2 removal was observed.
Conflicts in Implementing Environmental Flows for Small-Scale Hydropower Projects and Their Potential Solutions—A Case from Fujian Province, China
Authors: Ruan Qizhen , Wang Feifei , Cao Wenzhi
Published: September 2021

Releasing environmental flows is a valuable strategy for mitigating negative impacts of small-scale hydropower projects on river and riparian ecosystems. However, maintaining environmental flows has faced considerable resistance from different stakeholders, and previous studies have failed to appropriately investigate solutions. Here, online questionnaires and interviews were conducted among small-scale hydropower project owners, government administrators, and the public in Fujian Province, China. The results showed that the major hindrance to implementing environmental flows was the potential economic loss resulting from reductions in electricity production, stakeholders’ skepticism, technical difficulties, and a lack of the government supervision. Diversion-type projects pose the largest losses of electricity production after the release of environmental flows, and by adopting a 10% of mean annual flow as minimum target, most small-scale hydropower projects obtain low marginal profits without compensation. Here, we proposed an appropriate payment for ecosystem services by introducing an economic compensation program for different types of small-scale hydropower projects scaled by potential losses in electricity generation. Under such a scheme, economic losses from a reduction in electricity production are covered by the government, hydropower project owners, and electricity consumers. Our study offers recommendations for policymakers, officials, and researchers for conflict mitigation when implementing environmental flows.
Multi-Integrated Systems for Treatment of Abattoir Wastewater: A Review
Authors: Gutu Larryngeai , Basitere Moses , Harding Theo , Ikumi David , Njoya Mahomet , Gaszynski Chris
Published: September 2021

Biological wastewater treatment processes such as activated sludge and anaerobic digestion remain the most favorable when compared to processes such as chemical precipitation and ion exchange due to their cost-effectiveness, eco-friendliness, ease of operation, and low maintenance. Since Abattoir Wastewater (AWW) is characterized as having high organic content, anaerobic digestion is slow and inadequate for complete removal of all nutrients and organic matter when required to produce a high-quality effluent that satisfies discharge standards. Multi-integrated systems can be designed in which additional stages are added before the anaerobic digester (pre-treatment), as well as after the digester (post-treatment) for nutrient recovery and pathogen removal. This can aid the water treatment plant effluent to meet the discharge regulations imposed by the legislator and allow the possibility for reuse on-site. This review aims to provide information on the principles of anaerobic digestion, aeration pre-treatment technology using enzymes and a hybrid membrane bioreactor, describing their various roles in AWW treatment. Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification are essential to add after anaerobic digestion for nutrient recovery utilizing a single step process. Nutrient recovery has become more favorable than nutrient removal in wastewater treatment because it consumes less energy, making the process cost-effective. In addition, recovered nutrients can be used to make nutrient-based fertilizers, reducing the effects of eutrophication and land degradation. The downflow expanded granular bed reactor is also compared to other high-rate anaerobic reactors, such as the up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) and the expanded granular sludge bed reactor (EGSB).
Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins in a Changing Environment: Concepts, Controversies, Challenges
Authors: Chorus Ingrid , Fastner Jutta , Welker Martin
Published: September 2021

Concern is widely being published that the occurrence of toxic cyanobacteria is increasing in consequence of climate change and eutrophication, substantially threatening human health. Here, we review evidence and pertinent publications to explore in which types of waterbodies climate change is likely to exacerbate cyanobacterial blooms; whether controlling blooms and toxin concentrations requires a balanced approach of reducing not only the concentrations of phosphorus (P) but also those of nitrogen (N); how trophic and climatic changes affect health risks caused by toxic cyanobacteria. We propose the following for further discussion: (i) Climate change is likely to promote blooms in some waterbodies—not in those with low concentrations of P or N stringently limiting biomass, and more so in shallow than in stratified waterbodies. Particularly in the latter, it can work both ways—rendering conditions for cyanobacterial proliferation more favourable or less favourable. (ii) While N emissions to the environment need to be reduced for a number of reasons, controlling blooms can definitely be successful by reducing only P, provided concentrations of P can be brought down to levels sufficiently low to stringently limit biomass. Not the N:P ratio, but the absolute concentration of the limiting nutrient determines the maximum possible biomass of phytoplankton and thus of cyanobacteria. The absolute concentrations of N or P show which of the two nutrients is currently limiting biomass. N can be the nutrient of choice to reduce if achieving sufficiently low concentrations has chances of success. (iii) Where trophic and climate change cause longer, stronger and more frequent blooms, they increase risks of exposure, and health risks depend on the amount by which concentrations exceed those of current WHO cyanotoxin guideline values for the respective exposure situation. Where trophic change reduces phytoplankton biomass in the epilimnion, thus increasing transparency, cyanobacterial species composition may shift to those that reside on benthic surfaces or in the metalimnion, changing risks of exposure. We conclude that studying how environmental changes affect the genotype composition of cyanobacterial populations is a relatively new and exciting research field, holding promises for understanding the biological function of the wide range of metabolites found in cyanobacteria, of which only a small fraction is toxic to humans. Overall, management needs case-by-case assessments focusing on the impacts of environmental change on the respective waterbody, rather than generalisations.
Antibiotic prescribing for acute infections in synchronous telehealth consultations: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bakhit Mina , Baillie Emma , Krzyzaniak Natalia , van Driel Mieke , Clark Justin , Glasziou Paul , Del Mar Christopher
Published: September 2021

Background

Antibiotic overprescribing is a major concern that contributes to the problem of antibiotic resistance.

Aim

To assess the effect on antibiotic prescribing in primary care of telehealth (TH) consultations compared with face-to-face (F2F).

Design & setting

Systematic review and meta-analysis of adult or paediatric patients with a history of a community-acquired acute infection (respiratory, urinary, or skin and soft tissue). Studies were included that compared synchronous TH consultations (phone or video-based) to F2F consultations in primary care.

Method

PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL (inception–2021), clinical trial registries and citing–cited references of included studies were searched. Two review authors independently screened the studies and extracted the data.

Results

Thirteen studies were identified. The one small randomised controlled trial (RCT) found a non-significant 25% relative increase in antibiotic prescribing in the TH group. The remaining 10 were observational studies but did not control well for confounding and, therefore, were at high risk of bias. When pooled by specific infections, there was no consistent pattern. The six studies of sinusitis — including one before–after study — showed significantly less prescribing for acute rhinosinusitis in TH consultations, whereas the two studies of acute otitis media showed a significant increase. Pharyngitis, conjunctivitis, and urinary tract infections showed non-significant higher prescribing in the TH group. Bronchitis showed no change in prescribing.

Conclusion

The impact of TH on prescribing appears to vary between conditions, with more increases than reductions. There is insufficient evidence to draw strong conclusions, however, and higher quality research is urgently needed.
Metilprednisolona no Trauma Raquimedular: Revisão Sistemática
Authors: Januário de Lima Leandro , Ferreira Filho Francisco José , Alves Barbosa Nathã Romullo , Andrade Duarte de Farias Maria do Carmo
Published: September 2021

Introdução. A metilprednisolona é um tratamento farmacológico para lesões medulares traumáticas agudas, cuja recomendação do uso permanece controversa. Objetivo. Descrever as evidências do uso de metilprednisolona nos pacientes com traumatismo raquimedular. Método. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Pesquisou-se nas bases Lilacs e Medline estudos clínicos randomizados de pacientes que receberam metilprednisolona no braço intervenção, em comparação com placebo ou outra droga, com início do tratamento em até 48 horas do diagnóstico do trauma. Não houve restrição de idioma ou data de publicação. Os desfechos primários avaliados foram mortalidade, função motora, sensibilidade superficial e/ou profunda, enquanto os secundários foram efeitos adversos, qualidade de vida e independência funcional. Os estudos foram avaliados quanto ao viés pelo score de Jadad, enquanto a evidência foi classificada conforme os níveis da Universidade de Oxford. Os resultados foram sumarizados de forma qualitativa. Resultados. Cinco publicações foram incluídas na análise, todas no nível um de evidência para estudos de benefício de tratamento, com 1092 pacientes randomizados. 40% dos estudos atingiram score de boa qualidade, com o mascaramento e descrição das perdas de segmento foram os que acarretaram mais rebaixamentos de pontuação. Conclusão. Não recomendamos o uso de metilprednisolona, face a ausência de benefício de melhora significativa da função motora e sensibilidade, além de não reduzir mortalidade. A independência funcional também não apresentou melhora, enquanto a qualidade de vida sequer foi avaliada nos estudos incluídos. O uso da droga também se associou à elevação de efeitos adversos.
Avaliação do desempenho funcional em crianças com suspeita de transtorno do espectro autista
Authors: Souza Aline Bernardes de , Meurer Luzia de Miranda , Cymrot Raquel
Published: September 2021

Introdução. O transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) promove alterações no desenvolvimento infantil interferindo diretamente no seu desempenho funcional. Os seus sinais precoces podem ser observados entre o primeiro e o segundo ano de vida, mas tendem a ser identificados aos 5 anos de idade, no Brasil. Dados relacionados ao perfil e capacidade funcional podem auxiliar no reconhecimento das características autísticas do infante uma vez que as alterações comportamentais podem prejudicar o aprendizado e a performance nas AVDs promovendo uma maior necessidade de assistência para as suas execuções. Objetivo. Averiguar o desempenho funcional das crianças com risco para TEA e verificar se ele pode ser considerado uma possível ferramenta para o rastreamento do TEA. Método. Contou-se com a participação de 9 crianças do sexo masculino, que apresentavam risco para TEA segundo avaliação do Protea-R, com idades entre 2 anos e 6 meses a 3 anos e 5 meses de idade. A avaliação do desempenho funcional ocorreu pelo PEDI. Resultados. Os resultados encontrados demonstraram um baixo desempenho funcional nas crianças avaliadas, diferentes graus da necessidade de assistência nas AVD`s e uma correlação positiva entre a função social e a dependência do cuidador. Conclusão. O PEDI apresenta um potencial contundente para o rastreamento precoce do TEA.
Number of Donor Renal Arteries and Early Outcomes after Deceased Donor Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Husain S. Ali , King Kristen L. , Robbins-Juarez Shelief , Adler Joel T. , McCune Kasi R. , Mohan Sumit
Published: September 2021

Key Points

Transplanted kidneys with multiple arteries have similar delayed graft function and 90-day graft failure compared with single-artery kidneys.

Deceased donor kidneys with multiple renal arteries have a longer cold ischemia time at transplantation compared with those with single arteries.

Kidneys needing spatulation to single anastomoses may experience more delayed graft function than single-artery or other multiartery kidneys.

Background

Anatomic abnormalities increase the risk of deceased donor kidney discard, but their effect on transplant outcomes is understudied. We sought to determine the effect of multiple donor renal arteries on early outcomes after deceased donor kidney transplantation.

Methods

For this retrospective cohort study, we identified 1443 kidneys from 832 deceased donors with ≥1 kidney transplanted at our center (2006–2016). We compared the odds of delayed graft function and 90-day graft failure using logistic regression. To reduce potential selection bias, we then repeated the analysis using a paired-kidney cohort, including kidney pairs from 162 donors with one single-artery kidney and one multiartery kidney.

Results

Of 1443 kidneys included, 319 (22%) had multiple arteries. Multiartery kidneys experienced longer cold ischemia time, but other characteristics were similar between groups. Delayed graft function (50% multiartery versus 45% one artery, P=0.07) and 90-day graft failure (3% versus 3%, P=0.83) were similar between groups before and after adjusting for donor and recipient characteristics. In the paired kidney analysis, cold ischemia time was significantly longer for multiartery kidneys compared with single-artery kidneys from the same donor (33.5 versus 26.1 hours, P<0.001), but delayed graft function and 90-day graft failure were again similar between groups.

Conclusions

Compared with single-artery deceased donor kidneys, those with multiple renal arteries are harder to place, but experience similar delayed graft function and early graft failure.
The formation of linguocultural competence of students in terms of the Russian-Chinese border (in terms of Transbaikalia)
Authors: Novikova Nadezhda A.
Published: September 2021

The paper discusses the pedagogic problem of the formation of linguocultural competence (LCC) comes to the fore in the integral system of the development of the communicative competence of China-science students of higher education in the conditions of the Russian-Chinese border area. This is due to the transformation of the Russian system of training specialists as a result of the introduction of the Federal State Educational Standard Higher Education (FSES HE 3++), the introduction of the presentation of completely new requirements for professional competences. The purpose of the research is to show the author's model development of the linguocultural competence of China-science students in terms of the Russian-Chinese border (in terms of Transbaikalia). In the research, the authors solve the following problems – the formation of LCC in students on the basis of linguocultural approach; analysis of the moral-psychological training of the student and focus on his future working conditions; identifying optimal pedagogic conditions for the effective formation of LCC; analysis of educational cooperation of border regions of Russia and China. The article considers the optimal organisational and pedagogic conditions for the formation of the LCC and we analyse the moral and psychological preparation of the student's personality and its orientation to future working conditions. The author's model development of the linguocultural competence of China-science students has demonstrated the formation of the LCC among China-science students in the conditions of the Russian-Chinese border and that will contribute to solving the issues of improving the quality of professional competence of graduates, which is manifested in their successful adaptation to the labour market. LCC is a means of socialisation of the student's personality, it gives an understanding of behaviour in a certain ethno-cultural (multicultural) group, it promotes the formation of social and value orientations, the development of a tolerant attitude to other cultures.
Theory of mind of adolescents in the context of inclusive education
Authors: Kashapov Mergalyas M. , Volchenkova Anastasiya A.
Published: September 2021

Topicality of the study is due to the need for practice in understanding and substantiating the psychological foundations of the formation of such a personality trait of adolescents as tolerance, as well as in identifying other personal characteristics of adolescents as predictors of the formation of tolerance. The purpose of the article is a generalised theoretical presentation of the empirical results of a pilot study of the personality traits of adolescents in the context of inclusive education. Achieving this goal makes it possible to reveal the psychological mechanisms of the adolescent's social behaviour. The study of the problem of the mental model as a predictor of the formation of tolerance in adolescents in the context of inclusive education was carried out within the framework of the methodological principles developed by Simon Baron-Cohen, as well as in the framework of the system-subject approach of Yelena Sergiyenko, in which the traditions of the systemic (Boris Lomov, Alexei Leontiev, Vladimir Shadrikov) and the subject-activity (Sergei Rubinstein, Kseniya Abul'khanova, Andrey Brushlinskiy, Viktor Znakov) approaches in psychology are creatively integrated. The article presents and substantiates the results of an empirical study of the mental model as a predictor of the formation of tolerance in adolescents in the context of inclusive education. In the course of applying the procedure of regression analysis, on the basis of the mental model, the basic personality predictors of the formation of tolerance in adolescents – “self-control in communication”, “self-attitude” and “situational anxiety” were identified. The resulting regression model explains the possibility of influencing the general index of tolerance through the indicated personal characteristics. The mental model makes it possible to conceptualise the inner world of a teenager. The article substantiates new research opportunities for studying the ability of adolescents to understand their own mental world and the mental world of another. The conclusion is made about the high productivity of using the mental model, its research capabilities in the study of individual personality traits, and, in particular, in the formation of adolescent tolerance in the context of inclusive education.
The influence of distance learning on the level of preparation of participants of the profile-level Mathematics unified exam of the Russian state
Authors: Babenko Alena Sergeevna , Margolina Natalia Lvovna , Matytsina Tatyana Nikolaevna
Published: September 2021

In connection with the harsh situation in the world in the spring of 2020, there was a problem with the organisation of school education throughout Russia. This article is devoted to the influence of distance learning on the results of the unified state exam in Mathematics (profile level). First of all, the dynamics of the total number of participants in the Maths exam over the past three years was considered. The article goes on to analyse the changes that occurred in 2020 in the content of control and measurement materials for Kostroma Region. The results of the exam participants were analysed in several groups – those who had not reach the minimum score, those who had scored 40 points or less, from 41 to 60 points, from 61 to 80 points and from 81 to 100 test points. Methods of qualitative and quantitative assessment (Pearson's criterion is applied) of percentage distributions of results of exam participants in various groups for 2019-20 years are described. Conclusions are drawn about the impact of the distance learning period on the results of the Maths exam.
Methodology and organisation of health-improving work with students with impaired health
Authors: Kuchina Yulia S.
Published: September 2021

The article analyses the features of the methodology for organising physical culture and health-improving work with students with impaired health in Russian universities. The work experience in this direction of physical culture teachers of the Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology of Kostroma State University is presented. The methodology of organising physical culture and health-improving work with students with impaired health in terms of distance education via e-mail is considered; the WhatsApp system popular among young people; Zoom platform; YouTube video hosting. Within the framework of this problem, a digital self-observation diary of students with impaired health has been developed and tested. The tables provide information about students with weakened health of the Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology of KSU, those who started and did not start physical excercises in a distance format and the main reasons for their refusal to practice in a distance format. The author's model of the organisation of distance physical culture and health-improving work with students with health problems is described, including: purpose, objectives, principles, means of physical culture and health-improving work with students with impaired health, as well as features of distance interaction between students and teachers; factors ensuring the implementation of this type of activity and elements of a comprehensive assessment. In the conclusion of the article, conclusions are drawn about the results of the study.
Intercultural communication as the basis for effective teaching of foreign languages
Authors: Orekhova Elena N.
Published: September 2021

The article examines the role and importance of intercultural communication in the process of learning a foreign language at university. Intercultural interaction is viewed as a source of formation and development of professional and personal qualities of students, intercultural competency and interethnic tolerance, as a means of overcoming communication difficulties in situations of foreign language communication. In modern society, in the context of digitalisation, the development of informational and social networks, with the introduction of distance education, intercultural foreign language communication is considered an indispensable part of life and learning. It is characterised by an intensive exchange of information, values and experience, by networking and maintaining contacts, and developing cooperation. Intercultural dialogue allows students to expand their knowledge of cultural characteristics, traditions, etiquette and customs of people living in different countries; to understand and accept the linguistic and cultural diversity of communication partners; to improve their skills and abilities; to use language and speech means, choose strategies and tactics of behaviour and communication in order to achieve mutual understanding and goals following the communicative task and communicative situation. Reliance on intercultural communication in the process of learning foreign languages contributes to the interiorisation of new knowledge, the development of social activity, creativity and mobility of students, increases the motivation to learn a foreign language, inspires the use of new interesting psychological and pedagogic forms in studies and work, allowing effective interaction in a multicultural environment.
Creating spaces... Inclusive communities and individual (in)visibility
Authors: Sutyagina Tatyana V. , Karpova Elena M. , Smirnova Svetlana A.
Published: September 2021

On May 17-21, 2021 at the Christian boarding school in Darmstadt (the Federal Republic of Germany), the International Week “Creating Spaces... Inclusive Societies and Individual (In)Visibility” was held, which is described in this article. The focus of the international week included the trajectories of the life of a modern subject in the face of the challenges of our time.
Psychological health: values and self-identification of adolescent schoolchildren
Authors: Khodakovskaia Olga V. , Golyanich Valerii M. , Bondaruk Aleksandr F.
Published: September 2021

The paper is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of “sanitary-genetic identity” of adolescents, which is the value self-determination of a forming personality, coupled with an attitude towards achieving psychological health. In previous works, we presented an integral model of psychological health, which includes emotional, regulatory-volitional, cognitive-creative, reflexive-acmeological and socio-communicative components. Based on the presented model, we have developed and carried out a methodology for studying sanitary-genetic identity, which allows us to study the values of psychological health, the current and prospective sanitary-genetic identity of adolescents. The study involved 119 adolescent schoolchildren of St. Petersburg. It was found that adolescents are aware of the value of psychological health, predominantly identify themselves with a group of peers who exhibit constructive behavioural patterns, and also demonstrate targeted health-forming and health-preserving attitudes. The most problematic for girls are emotional patterns of psychological health, which at the same time have a high value for them. The cognitive-creative component of psychological health (interest in cognition, study, creativity) has a low value for boys in comparison with other components, both in the designation of values and in the structure of sanitary-genetic identification. The conducted factor analysis made it possible to single out the key value-self-identification factors of the psychological health of adolescent schoolchildren.
Self-relation of persons with different attitudes to the physical “I” in terms of students of different sexes
Authors: Kleva Vera N. , Chernyavskaya Valentina S.
Published: September 2021

The article substantiates the factors of self-attitude of persons with different attitudes to the physical “Iˮ. The study involved 80 people – students of economic and psychological fields of training, 52 girls and 28 boys. The average age is 19.7 years. Existence of differences in the self-attitude of young men and girls to their physical “Iˮ is proved – young men are more positive about their physical “Iˮ, are characterised by a higher level of self-attitude, than girls. It is proved that the indicators of self-attitude and attitude to one's physical self are closely interrelated in female students. The study was conducted using theoretical analysis, as well as methods – the test questionnaire “Self-relationsˮ by Vladimir Stolin and Sergey Panteleyev; the methodology “Self-relation to the image of the physical Selfˮ by Anna Cherkashina; the questionnaire “Evaluative content interpretation of the components of the external appearance by Vera Labunskaya and Yelena Belugina; as well as the method of associative experiment. Statistical methods of data processing – nonparametric measures (Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient) – were used. The results showed that women's attitudes about themselves are based on attitudes about their physical “Self” (face, body, clothing, physical appearance). The results of the study can be used in psychological counselling for people with different attitudes towards the physical “Self”.
Benfluorex, Friends or Foe? The Effects of Benfluorex on Oxidative Status in the Brain During Experimental Diabetes
Authors: GÜLEÇ PEKER Emine Gülçeri , BALABANLI Doç. Dr. Barbaros , ÖZER Çiğdem , CEVHER Şule Coşkun
Published: September 2021

Benfluorex is a pharmacological agent with antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic properties. In this study, the brain's oxidative and non-enzymatic antioxidant status in diabetic and benfluorex administrated diabetic rats have been investigated. For the experimental procedures, three groups of 18 Wistar albino rats were used as the control, diabetes (induced by streptozotocin), and benfluorex treated diabetic rats (benfluorex administration intragastric 50 mg/kg daily for 21 days). Brain NOx, TBARS, GSH, AA levels, and MPO activity were determined spectrophotometrically. Benfluorex administration was caused that decreased lipid peroxidation and MPO activity while increased non-enzymatic antioxidant and NOx levels. These results showed that benfluorex treatment positively affects lipid peroxidation and non-enzymatic antioxidant status of the brain during diabetes.
Perencanaan Anggaran Biaya Pekerjaan Kayu Style Bali Berdasarkan Analisa Harga Satuan Lapangan
Authors: Ebtha Yuni Ni Kadek Sri , Suardika I Nyoman
Published: September 2021

Kekhasan pekerjaan kayu style Bali berdampak pada tidak ada standar Analisa Harga Satuan pada SNI atau PU, sehingga diperlukan adanya analisis harga satuan pekerjaan khususnya untuk pekerjaan kayu style Bali. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada pengrajin di Kabupaten Gianyar. Dalam menyusun RAB dengan 3 alternatif  yaitu kombinasi saka, lambang dan pintu style Bali dan melakukan wawancara untuk memperoleh data identifikasi faktor yang mempengaruhi harga pekerjaan kayu style Bali. Pekerjaan yang ditinjau adalah (1) saka ukir, (2) saka polos, (3) lambang gembol, (4) lambang sari, (5) lambang polos, (6) pintu ukir. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh Harga pekerjaan saka ukir dengan panjang 3 m adalah Rp  4.815.046/ unit dan saka polos Rp 3.288.025/ unit. Harga lambang gambol per m adalah Rp 3.944.438/ m’, Lambang sari Rp 2.500.688/ m’ dan lambang polos Rp 1.554.813/ m’. Harga pintu kayu ukir ukuran 800 x 2000 mm Rp 29.002.400/ unit. Adapun spesifikasi dari harga di atas adalah menggunakan material kayu jati kualitas I, finishing politur. Biaya Overhead & Profit  5 % diasumsikan sama dengan analisa pada SNI yaitu 5%. Dari 3 alternatif yang ditentukan diperoleh RAB alternatif 1 Rp  94,806,962, alternatif 2 Rp 60,501,304, alternatif 3 Rp Rp  77,770,712.
Dampak Keharmonisan Keluarga dan Pola Asuh Orangtua terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa SDN 113 Pana
Authors: Irmansyarif Irman
Published: September 2021

Tujuan Penelitian untuk mengetahui dampak keharmonisan keluarga terhadap presatsi belajar siswa dan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keharmonisan keluarga terhadap prestasi belajar siswa di SDN 113 Pana. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif yang dimaksudkan untuk menemukan, mengembangkan dan mengkaji kebenaran. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa, Guru dan Orangtua murid di SDN 113 Pana. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat dampak keharmnosian keluarga terhadap prestasi belajar. Artinya, semakin tinggi keharmonisan keluarga, maka semakin tinggi pula prestasi belajar siswa. Dalam penelitian, ini juga dapat dilihat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi prestasi belajar siswa yaitu faktor Internal (itelegensi, perhatian, sikap, motivasi, kesiapan dan minat) dan faktor ekternal (keluarga, dan sekolah).
Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Peninsular Malaysia III: New species for the Schismatoglottis Calyptrata Clade
Authors: Sin Yeng Wong , Boyce Peter C. , Yin Chen Hoe
Published: September 2021

Three new colonial species of Schismatoglottis Calyptrata clade are described from Peninsular Malaysia and compared with the four already known morphologically similar species described from there. All seven species are illustrated from living plants and an identification key is provided.
Identification of Neofusicoccum parvum causing canker and twig blight on Ficus carica in Italy
Authors: AIELLO Dalia , GUSELLA Giorgio , FIORENZA Alberto , GUARNACCIA Vladimiro , POLIZZI Giancarlo
Published: September 2021

During June 2018, several symptomatic fig (Ficus carica) cuttings, showing twig blight, subcortical discolouration and apical dieback were collected from a nursery in Catania province, Sicily (Italy). Isolations from diseased tissue consistently showed the presence of the same fungal colony. Morphology of the fungal isolates together with sequence data of the nuclear rDNA internal transcriber spacer (ITS) region, translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) gene and partial beta-tubulin (tub2) gene of representatives isolates revealed the presence of the fungus Neofusicoccum parvum. Pathogenicity tests were conducted by inoculating fig cuttings with mycelial plugs. After 10 days, the inoculated plants developed cankers similar to those observed in the greenhouse and after 26 days all inoculated plants were dead. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report worldwide of N. parvum causing disease on this host.
Evaluation of different carbon sources for anaerobic soil disinfestation against Rhizoctonia solani on lettuce in controlled production systems
Authors: GILARDI Giovanna , PUGLIESE Massimo , GULLINO Maria Lodovica , GARIBALDI Angelo
Published: September 2021

Effects of anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) on Rhizoctonia solani basal rot of lettuce were assessed considering: two soil types; different C-sources; different temperature regimes; two treatment durations; and two lettuce crop cycles, in the presence of a high disease incidence from artificial infestation with the pathogen. C-source, temperature, and incubation period, and their interaction, affected the efficacy of the ASD treatment for the lettuce–R. solani pathosystem, with differences depending on the soil type. Brassica carinata pellets, used as a C-source, reduced incidence of Rhizoctonia basal rot in the first crop cycle by 50 to 69% in a peat soil after 3 weeks of treatment at 21°C, and by 52 to 60% after 3 weeks of treatment at 26 or 31°C, compared to the inoculated and untreated experimental controls without anaerobic conditions. The best disease reduction was provided by B. carinata pellets applied, under anaerobic conditions, to peat soil (79% efficacy) and a sandy loam soil (100% efficacy) kept at 31°C for 6 weeks. Generally, ASD based on B. carinata pellets provided greater disease reduction in the first crop cycle than the second, with the only exception being for results achieved in both soils incubated for 6 weeks at 21, 26 and 31°C. Wild rocket used as a C-source provided the greatest disease reduction (78–83%) on plants grown in peat soil at the first crop cycle after 6 weeks of the ASD treatment at 31°C, while wild rocket provided disease reduction of 29 and 50% when mixed with the sandy-loam soil under the same conditions for 6 weeks. The efficacy of the ASD treatment with compost was improved in the second crop cycle, compared to the first, resulting in the greatest disease reduction (52 and 66% efficacy) reached in the sandy-loam soil incubated for 3 weeks at 21°C, and 63% efficacy in peat soil previously treated for 6 weeks at 26 and 31°C. However, slight reductions in lettuce plant development was generally evident in the first crop cycle, which could be due to differences in efficacy of the tested ASD treatments and to phytotoxicity. The greatest yield from sandy loam soil was obtained for the B. carinata pellets and wild rocket at 26 and 31°C in the second cultivation cycle. Partial efficacy of ASD does not justify the adoption of this method against R. solani on lettuce under intensive crop systems. However, ASD based on Brassicaceae and compost as carbon source applied in a sandy-loam soil may be valuable for reducing R. solani incidence, at lower temperatures than those required for soil solarisation or biosolarisation.
Synergy between endophytic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GGA and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi induces plant defense responses against white rot of garlic and improves host plant growth
Authors: RASHAD Younes M. , ABBAS Mohamed  A. , SOLIMAN Hoda M. , ABDEL-FATTAH Ghada , ABDEL-FATTAH Gamal
Published: September 2021

White rot, caused by Sclerotium cepivorum, is a serious and economically important disease of garlic, which leads to losses in the garlic production in most of the tropical, subtropical and temperate areas. Biocontrol potential of an endophytic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GGA and/or arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) against this disease was investigated. The B. amyloliquefaciens GGA exhibited antagonistic activity against S. cepivorum in vitro. Scanning electron microscopy revealed alterations in the morphology of the pathogen in response to the exposure to the bacterial metabolites. Results from a pot experiment demonstrated that application of the dual treatment of the B. amyloliquefaciens GGA and AMF reduced disease incidence and severity more than the single treatments, and led to the greatest increases in total phenol content, activities of the defense-related enzymes phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, polyphenoloxidase and peroxidase, and transcriptional expression levels of the defensin and chitinase genes. Growth and yield parameters of garlic plants were enhanced after this treatment. This study showed good efficacy on the tested biocontrol agents for control white rot of garlic plants grown in pots. Future research should evaluate these biocontrol strategies under field conditions.
Autopercepciones de clase en un barrio ferroviario del conurbano bonaerense
Authors: Merenson Silvina , Guizardi Menara
Published: September 2021

El artículo analiza las relaciones entre las autopercepciones de clase y las identificaciones políticas en Barrio Operario, un vecindario ferroviario situado en el municipio de San Isidro, sector norte del conurbano de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Siguiendo una estrategia metodológica interdisciplinaria nos detendremos en tres periodos: su origen y organización ligados a la “estrategia justicialista” de desarrollo (1945-1955); su paulatino pero sostenido devenir como “villa miseria”, asociado fundamentalmente a la “estrategia aperturista” (1976-2002); y, finalmente, su urbanización desde 2003, en el marco de la “sociedad posneoliberal”. Destinaremos un acápite a cada uno de ellos, antecedidos por una reseña de las contribuciones que, desde los abordajes sociológicos, históricos y etnográficos permitieron comprender las configuraciones de clase y sus identificaciones políticas.
OS IMPACTOS DA COVID-19 NA MANUTENÇÃO DA SAÚDE DOS PACIENTES HIPERDIA: O QUE OS PROFISSIONAIS RELATAM?
Authors: Pinto Beatriz de Freitas , Silva Débora Alves da , Lima Kleysla Kawny de Aquino , Carvalho Laís Ohana Mendes Nunes , Amaral Lineker Souza do , Hurtado Luara Silva navarro , Carvalho Lucielly Brigida Matos de , Ferreira Renata França , Turci Thaylah Thayny Moreira , Silio Luís Felipe , Branco Junior Arlindo Gonzaga
Published: September 2021

Devido ao panorama da propagação do novo Coronavírus e tento em vista a importância de diversos serviços de saúde na manutenção do cuidado de pacientes com doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, este artigo tem como objetivo descrever a fala de profissionais de saúde de uma unidade de saúde escola sobre a assistência e manutenção da saúde de usuários com diagnostico de Hipertensão arterial sistêmica e Diabetes mellitus no período pandêmico. Foi realizado uma pesquisa descritiva em uma unidade de saúde escola de Rondônia entrevistando 8 profissionais de saúde o qual destacam que a manutenção do cuidado foi afetada em decorrência ao isolamento social no período da pandemia do Covid 19. Todos destacam que é importante praticas de educação permanente para que possam ser discutido temas para melhor abordar essa população.