bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Camino de Santiago as a portal to the inner world
Authors: Marusanici Claudia
Published: September 2023

Pilgrimage, one type of long-distance walking, has long been associated with transformation. Despite the growing number of female pilgrims and anecdotal evidence, little research has been directed toward understanding their experience. Using Moustakas’ (1990) qualitative method of heuristic inquiry, this study explored solo female travellers’ experience of transformation associated with walking the Camino de Santiago. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven co-researchers. Five of them contributed additional material, such as poems, blog posts, and journal entries. The findings show that participants became more authentic, connected deeply with others and nature, and discovered a new appreciation for their bodies. They reported implementing various lifestyle changes upon return and spoke about wanting to be of service and make a difference in the world. Although they all experienced moments of profound realisation along the way, the co-researchers acknowledged that transformation is an ongoing process. After discussing the findings in relation to previous literature, the study concludes by recommending pilgrimage as an antidote to the epidemic of busyness, materialism, and alienation from self, others, and nature. Limitations are discussed, and future research suggestions including the investigation into whether going on a pilgrimage periodically fosters the transformative process are made.
Melhora na adesão da gestante adolescente à assistência pré-natal no Brasi
Authors: Simões Leticia Freitas , Oliveira Aylana Ramos Gomes de , Ferreira Gabriella de Oliveira Flor , Miranda Fátima Regina Dias de , Silva Célia Regina da , Sousa Thamiris dos Santos de , Monteiro Denise Leite Maia
Published: September 2023

Introdução: A gravidez na adolescência é uma preocupação global para as autoridades de saúde pública em todo o mundo. A realização de pré-natal por gestantes adolescentes é crucial para garantir uma gestação saudável e reduzir os riscos tanto para a mãe quanto para o feto. No entanto, muitas adolescentes grávidas enfrentam barreiras para acessar os serviços de pré-natal e podem não receber a assistência adequada durante a gravidez. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é analisar se houve mudanças na adesão às consultas pré-natais entre gestantes adolescentes ao longo do tempo, comparando os dados do ano 2000 com o biênio 2018–2019. Método: Realizou-se um estudo transversal utilizando informações obtidas no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS) e no Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC). As gestantes foram divididas em dois grupos etários: 10–14 anos e 15–19 anos, e comparadas com um grupo de comparação de mães entre 20–34 anos. Excluíram-se informações dos registros do SINASC com idade gestacional inferior a 22 semanas ou com idade gestacional desconhecida. A frequência de comparecimento às consultas pré-natais foi calculada para cada grupo etário. Resultados: O total de nascidos vivos de mães adolescentes em 2000 foi de 750.537, enquanto nos anos 2018–2019 esse número foi de 875.380, indicando uma redução significativa na frequência de gravidez na adolescência ao longo do tempo. No ano 2000, a porcentagem de gestantes que não compareceram a nenhuma consulta pré-natal foi de 7,6% para o grupo de 10–14 anos, 5,9% para o grupo de 15–19 anos e 4,3% para o grupo de 20–34 anos. Já nos anos 2018–2019, esses números foram, respectivamente, de 2,9, 2 e 1,5%. Observou-se um aumento de 62, 66 e 65% na adesão ao pré-natal entre as gestantes adolescentes, demonstrando um avanço significativo no acompanhamento desse grupo. Conclusão: Com base na análise realizada, constatou-se queda no número de adolescentes que não receberam nenhum tipo de acompanhamento médico durante a gestação. Além disso, verificou-se que as adolescentes entre 10–14 anos são as mais propensas a não ter acesso ao pré-natal, enquanto o grupo de comparação de 20–34 anos apresenta menor probabilidade de falta de assistência. É importante analisar mais a fundo os fatores que influenciam esses resultados e identificar as áreas que precisam ser melhoradas para manter o avanço na adesão ao pré-natal nos próximos anos.
Mortalidade materna por síndromes hipertensivas durante a gestação no Brasil
Authors: Braga Pedro Carreiro da Silva , Nascimento Giulia Dállia Figueira do , Esteves Ana Paula
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: Esta revisão busca entender a importância das síndromes hipertensivas durante a gestação, tendo em vista que, segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), são a principal causa de morte materna no Brasil. Fonte de dados: Bases de dados National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e Scopus, englobando artigos publicados entre 2003 e 2022. Além dos artigos utilizados, foram empregados livros e capítulos de livro de conhecimento prévio dos autores, bem como manuais, resoluções e normas técnicas. Seleção de estudos: Ao todo, identificaram-se 339 artigos na pesquisa inicial, dos quais foram selecionados 34 para leitura e revisão. A partir da leitura e revisão, excluíram-se os artigos cujos objetivos não convergiam com o tema da revisão ou traziam informações regionalizadas. Por fim, utilizaram-se 27 artigos para a construção da presente revisão. Coleta de dados: As palavras-chave da pesquisa foram "hipertensão", "gravidez", "eclâmpsia", "pré-eclâmpsia" e "mortalidade materna". Como critério para a pré-seleção dos artigos, utilizaram-se os seguintes filtros: (i) tipo de estudo realizado (revisões sistematizadas, estudos multicêntricos, estudo randomizado controlado e texto original) e (ii) idiomas (português e inglês). Foram excluídos os artigos que não estavam disponíveis para leitura gratuita, bem como as duplicidades e aqueles que não atendiam aos critérios de inclusão. Os artigos selecionados foram pré-analisados por meio da leitura do resumo, e os artigos pré-selecionados foram lidos na íntegra. Resultados: Dos 27 artigos selecionados para revisão, a média de casos de pré-eclâmpsia (PE) no Brasil variou de 2,8 a 19,4%, dependendo da região e do grupo estudado. Os principais fatores de risco observados para PE e eclâmpsia incluem idade materna avançada, baixo nível socioeconômico (que se associa à baixa adesão ao pré-natal), diabetes gestacional, obesidade e hipertensão arterial prévia. A PE é uma associação entre hipertensão e proteinúria. Como desdobramento, a PE pode evoluir para um quadro de eclâmpsia (episódios de convulsão associados). A maioria das mulheres com PE foi submetida a cesariana, e os níveis de internação em unidade de tratamento intensivo alcançaram 11,8%. A PE também é fator de risco elevado para a mortalidade materna e fetal, com prevalências de 16,18 e 18,9%, respectivamente. O diagnóstico de PE das pacientes dos estudos foi baseado nas medidas de pressão arterial e proteinúria (93,1%). Conclusão: As síndromes hipertensivas são importantes complicações obstétricas em todo o mundo, principalmente no Brasil, onde exercem uma grande influência nas estatísticas, sendo a principal causa de morbimortalidade materna no país. Dessa forma, a implementação de protocolos padronizados para rastreamento e diagnóstico é fundamental para o controle dessa patologia. Com diagnóstico precoce e tratamento eficiente, a mortalidade materna poderá sofrer grande redução no país.
Prevalência de nascimentos prematuros em gestações de adolescentes
Authors: Ferreira Gabriella de Oliveira Flor , Simões Leticia Freitas , Oliveira Aylana Ramos Gomes de , Miranda Fátima Regina Dias de , Silva Célia Regina da , Allage Carolina Junqueira , Monteiro Denise Leite Maia
Published: September 2023

Introdução: A gravidez na adolescência pode estar associada a desfechos gestacionais desfavoráveis, especialmente em gestantes mais jovens. A prematuridade configura-se como a principal complicação perinatal, e na adolescência, pode estar relacionada à qualidade da assistência pré-natal e/ou condições socioeconômicas adversas. Objetivo: Comparar a taxa de prematuridade em gestantes adolescentes no ano 2000 com o biênio 2018–2019. Método: Estudo com desenho transversal, realizado por meio da busca de informações no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS) e no Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC). Gestantes nas faixas etárias de 10–14 e 15–19 anos foram comparadas com mães entre 20-34 anos (grupo de comparação). Excluíram-se as informações dos registros do SINASC com idade gestacional inferior a 22 semanas e com idade desconhecida, e calculou-se a frequência de prematuridade em cada grupo etário. Resultados: O total de nascidos vivos (NV) prematuros de mães adolescentes em 2000 foi de 55.851, e a soma dos prematuros entre 2018–2019 foi de 107.665. Em 2000, a quantidade de bebês nascidos com menos de 37 semanas representou 10% (2.864) dos NV entre mães adolescentes de 10–14 anos, 7,5% (52.987) entre 15–19 anos e 6,2% (132.342) entre 20–34 anos. No biênio 2018–2019, esses números foram 17,7% (3.658), 12,3% (52.519) e 10,3% (205.831), respectivamente. A chance de prematuridade foi maior entre 10–14 anos, 88% [p<0,001; OR 1,88 (IC95% 1,82–1,95)], do que entre 15–19 anos, representando 22% [p<0,001; OR 1,22 (IC95% 1,21–1,24)] quando comparadas com o grupo de 20–34 anos. Houve um aumento da taxa de prematuridade no período estudado de 76,2% entre 10–14 anos, 64% entre 15–19 anos e 66,1% entre 20–34 anos. Conclusão: Observou-se um aumento no número de nascidos vivos prematuros no biênio 2018–2019, quando comparado com o ano 2000. Nota-se maior taxa de prematuridade nas adolescentes de 10 a 14 anos, quando comparada com as de 15–19 e de 20–34 anos. Esse fato pode estar relacionado a condições variadas, como fatores socioeconômicos e assistência pré-natal, sendo importante fator de risco.
Líquen escleroso vulvar em criança com imunodeficiência primária: relato de caso
Authors: Ribeiro Luiza Oliveira , Fonte Helena Victoria Azevedo Cunha da , Alvarenga Matheus da Silva , Fialho Susana Cristina Aidé Viviani , Guimarães Isabel Cristina Chulvis do Val , Martins Caroline Alves de Oliveira , Santos Renata Côrtes dos
Published: September 2023

Introdução: O líquen escleroso vulvar (LEV) é uma doença inflamatória crônica da pele que afeta preferencialmente a região genital e anal. É uma condição benigna que apresenta dois picos de incidência, em meninas pré-púberes e mulheres pós-menopausa. O LEV causa sintomas que reduzem significativamente a qualidade de vida das crianças afetadas, incluindo prurido na região genital, alterações nos hábitos intestinais e sintomas do trato urinário inferior. A doença pode progredir para alterações anatômicas futuras. A incidência real do LEV pode ser subestimada devido ao subdiagnóstico e subnotificação, e o tempo médio para o diagnóstico varia de 1 a 1,6 anos. Relato de caso: Uma paciente do sexo feminino, 7 anos de idade, com síndrome de Down e imunodeficiência primária, apresentava linfopenia de CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19 e CD16/56. Além disso, tinha cardiopatia congênita corrigida cirurgicamente e obesidade com grande volume abdominal. Foi encaminhada pela Pediatria para investigação de prurido vulvar crônico, sem associação com corrimento vaginal ou sangramentos. No exame físico, foram observadas manchas hipocrômicas na região central da vulva, incluindo a face interna dos grandes lábios e a fúrcula, bem como uma área hipocrômica perianal à direita, sem fissuras ou outras alterações. Também foram observadas lesões hipercrômicas bilaterais com áreas de hiperemia na região inguinal, provavelmente devido ao uso diário de fraldas descartáveis. Com base no quadro clínico característico, o diagnóstico suspeitado foi de LEV. Foi proposto o tratamento com pomada de propionato de clobetasol, a ser aplicada diariamente em uma camada fina na vulva. Além disso, orientou-se o uso de creme de cetoconazol+dipropionato de betametasona na região inguinal por sete dias, seguido pela aplicação de dexapantenol durante o dia e óxido de zinco durante a noite. Discussão: A etiologia do LEV ainda não é completamente compreendida, mas acredita-se que um componente autoimune possa estar envolvido na sua patogênese, especialmente em casos associados a outras doenças autoimunes. Se o tratamento não for iniciado prontamente, o processo inflamatório pode levar à formação de tecido cicatricial, resultando na fusão dos lábios da vulva, estreitamento do introito vaginal e até mesmo ocultação do clitóris em mulheres. Além disso, há um maior risco de desenvolvimento de neoplasias genitais nesse grupo de pacientes, destacando a importância do diagnóstico e tratamento precoces. Embora o risco de carcinoma vulvar esteja bem estabelecido em adultos, ainda não está bem definido em crianças. A literatura existente sobre o LEV em crianças é limitada, ressaltando a necessidade de mais estudos sobre o tema e a importância de avaliar minuciosamente cada caso.
İŞ SAĞLIĞI VE GÜVENLİĞİ FARKINDALIĞINA ETKİ EDEN FAKTÖRLERİN BELİRLENMESİ: SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARI ÜZERİNE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: YAŞAR Mehmet Emin , AYDEMİR İzzet
Published: September 2023

Araştırmada sağlık personelinin iş sağlığı ve güvenliği farkındalık düzeyine etki eden faktörlerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel nitelikte olan bu araştırma, Türkiye’de bir devlet hastanesinde doktor, hemşire ve diğer hastane personeli (hekim ve hemşire dışındaki diğer sağlık personeli) üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Somut verilerin istatistiksel analizine dayanan nicel araştırma türü olan tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel çalışmalar, belirli bir zaman aralığında hedef kitlenin çeşitli sosyo demografik özelliklerini araştırmayı hedeflemektedir. Toplam 383 örneklem üzerinde yürütülen bu araştırmada verilerin elde edilmesinde ölçek (Sağlık Çalışanları İçin İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Farkındalığı Ölçeği) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Veriler, SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science) V24.0 yazılım programı yardımıyla %95 güven aralığı ve %5 hata düzeyinde (p
PERBEDAAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PERBANKAN SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH PENERAPAN PSAK 17
Authors: Sundari Sundari , Laurentsius Joshua , Estiningsih Estiningsih
Published: September 2023

Penerapan PSAK 71 mewajibkan bank membentuk Cadangan Kerugian Penurunan Nilai (CKPN) yang lebih besar dimana hal ini dapat mempengaruhi kinerja keuangan perbankan.  Rasio kinerja keuangan  pada perbankan diantara  Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Return on Asset (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Beban Operasional terhadap Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO), dan Non – Performing Loan (NPL). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah  mengetahui  perbedaan kinerja keuangan perbankan pada saat sebelum dan sesudah penerapan PSAK 71. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah data kuantitatif berupa laporan keuangan tahunan pada perusahaan bank yang tergolong dalam Kelompok Bank Modal Inti III (KBMI III) yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan CAR, BOPO, dan NPL pada saat sebelum dengan sesudah penerapan PSAK 71 sedangkan ROA dan ROE tidak mengalami perbedaan antara sebelum dan sesudah penerapan PSAK 71.
Molecular Detection of Hepatitis B Virus Among HBsAg Non-Reactive Blood of Donors
Authors: Bello Habibat , Bashir AbdulKadir , Musa Babalola Oladayo , Boyenle Ibrahim Damilare , Ayoola Ashiru Mojeed , Sulyman R. A.
Published: September 2023

Despite all blood donations being tested routinely for HBsAg as a clinical marker of transmissible HBV, cases of post-transfusion hepatitis B virus infection are still being reported because molecular studies using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) are not routinely available for Transfusion Transmissible Infection (TTIs) testing. In this study, we sought to use the PCR technique to re-screen donated blood that had already been proven to be HBsAg non-reactive with rapid diagnostic testing and ELISA. One hundred and eighty-five samples were obtained from a proportion of the blood deposited at the blood bank of the Federal Medical Center, Birnin-Kebbi, Nigeria. Socio-demographic parameters such as age group, status, ethnicity, occupation, and group PCV were obtained from donors' records. Nested PCR was employed to detect HBV DNA. Furthermore, genotyping was performed to determine HBV genotypes in the positive samples using PCR with genotype-specific primers. Of the 185 donors, it was observed that five (2.7%) of the population were positive for HBV. HBV is more common among people aged 18–30, singles, Hausa, and self-employed. In addition, the five positive samples were of genotype E. This study suggests the need to complement antibody-based tests with DNA testing for effective HBV screening and consequent safe transfusion.
Keywords: Hepatitis B Virus; HBsAg; PCR; DNA testing
LIVING HERITAGE APPROACH FOR THE SUSTAINABILITY OF AGRAHARAMS IN PALAKKAD, KERALA, INDIA
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Ramiya
Published: September 2023

Palakkad is a town in the central part of Kerala. It has witnessed many historic events in the past. The reminiscence of this past is still visible in the constantly evolving fabric of the town. Agraharams, a traditional settlement where the Brahmin community resides is a physical manifestation of an exodus from Tamil Nādu, between the 14th and 15th centuries. It is a living heritage where the Brahmins still continue to live. For any heritage settlement to be sustainable, there must be considerations given to the changing needs of the community. The current policies and guidelines that govern the protection of Agraharam is limited to just one Agraharam. These policies heavily focus on authenticity of the physical fabric of the structures.  This has posed major challenges for the community and its continuity. The author has used case study methodology as the larger tool to collect data. Review of literature to understand the concepts of existing conservation approaches, and existing policies for the conservation of Agraharams are done to attain inductive data. The research is exploratory and concludes if the living heritage approach, which focuses on continuity as the main criteria for preservation is appropriate for Agraharams. The research would contribute towards sensitizing people to the importance of identifying the appropriate conservation approaches for various typologies of heritage.
A SHIFT TOWARDS E-MOBILITY IN INDIA: CHALLENGES AND INNOVATIONS
Authors: Javed Ashna , Nia Hourakhsh Ahmad
Published: September 2023

The shift towards electric mobility in India is motivated by the need to reduce the considerable environmental effect on the road sector induced by rapid urbanization and commuter traffic. Which accounts for 80% of total emissions including 60% of greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles. To address this problem the Indian government set up a target for electric vehicle fleets in the country by 2030. The goal is very ambitious but difficult to achieve due to the lack of resources, technology, and infrastructure required for EVs. Hence, different policies, battery technology, charging infrastructure, consumer perception, incentive programs, and local manufacturing for affordability and availability will have to be provided to create an ecosystem for electric vehicles in India. The paper gives an overview of current e-mobility trends, practices, and innovations, and the policy imperatives required to encourage the growth of sustainable e-mobility in India.
De l’intérêt de devenir-bulle: repenser la réalité virtuelle par le biais de la rondeur
Authors: Jouhannet Élise
Published: September 2023

Despite the abundance of technologies available today, moving images still tend to be displayed on flat quadrangular screens. Virtual reality, however, is an exception. Indeed, thanks to the Head Mounted Display, it provides a circularization of the image. This paper aims to outline an archaeology of virtual immersive roundness through the prism of a specific metaphor: the bubble. Through the material qualities of the bubble such as transparency, aerial viscosity and elasticity, we can rethink the materiality of virtual reality as well as its historical and symbolic genealogy, from the first hot-air balloons to the inflatable experiments of expanded cinema.
Epistemology of Feelies. Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World and the Dream of Smell Media
Authors: Grossi Giancarlo
Published: September 2023

The essay analyses from an epistemological point of view the functions of an imaginary medium, the feelies, namely some stereoscopic, tactile, and especially olfactory movies imagined by Aldous Huxley in the futuristic dystopia Brave New World (1932). Its main goal is to comprehend the identity, functions, and objectives of yesterday’s and today’s multisensory media. In this perspective, the essay reconstructs the cultural-historical horizon which produced Huxley’s imaginary entertainment, considering the three polarities which constitute a media dispositive in the perspective of media epistemology, i.e. machinery, representation, and spectator. With regard to the mechanical function of the fictional dispositive, its ability to catch sensory spheres such as smell and touch reflects the contemporary debate on media specificity, a discussion in which Huxley himself participated with a famous 1929 article. In the same way, the fictional feely Three Weeks in a Helicopter appears as a parodic pastiche which bears the marks of various cinematic paradigms of the time: especially early “cinema of attractions”, as well as film genres which communicate directly to the spectator’s unconscious. Finally, focusing on the imaginary spectator’s experience, the essay reconnects feelies to the cultural history of olfaction, a repressed sense whose media conquest coincides with a precise form of colonization of human subjectivity.
Prologue: “A Hot Mind Over Chilly Things”
Authors: Zupancic Alenka
Published: September 2023

The Prologue establishes that Antigone comes into focus of rewriting and interpretation every time there is some significant tectonic shift or crisis in the social fabric, in the symbolic structuring of the law, or in the wider realm of morality or Sittlichkeit. It introduces and explains the term “parallax view” in the context of the play and situates Antigone in the broader context of the Theban trilogy.
“I’d Let Them Rot”
Authors: Zupancic Alenka
Published: September 2023

The chapter starts by insisting on a rarely noticed fact that Oedipus is not only Antigone’s father, but also her brother, so that she actually has three, and not only two brothers: Eteocles, Polyneices and Oedipus. This redoubling and the paradoxical structure it entails plays a crucial role in understanding Antigone’s statement that if it were her children or husband lying unburied out there, she would let them rot and not take it upon herself to defy the decree of the state. This then leads to a further question: How does this exclusivist, singularizing claim (she would do it only for Polyneices) accord with Antigone’s universal appeal and compelling power? In answer to this question the status of incest is looked at more closely, as are the questions of desire, subjectivity, and sublimation.
Introduction
Authors: Nancy Jean-Luc
Published: September 2023

This brief chapter introduces the book by explaining how it fits with, and follows from, Nancy’s earlier work on the body, specifically how it takes the notion of the “between-bodies” as it appears in that earlier work and expands it to touch on questions of cruelty and violence, on both a small and a massive scale, in the modern age. It links these phenomena to the questions of progress, ideological mutations, and the legitimacy of the modern age.
Lesson
Authors: Nancy Jean-Luc
Published: September 2023

This one-page chapter presents a brief reflection on the “exorbitant conjunction of separation and connection,” the relation between autonomy and mutual boundness, solitude and being in common, as manifested by the human being.
Hymne Stomique
Authors: Nancy Jean-Luc
Published: September 2023

This chapter consists of an original poem composed by Nancy, a hymn to the complex openness of the mouth. Stoma, derived from the Greek word for mouth, was used in Latin to designate an opening in the body, especially the mouth. Nancy’s poem is divided into eleven songs, and includes three Responses from the Mouth. It lays out something like a poetico-figural ontology of the mouth in all its forms, functions, rhythms, and flows. The text includes Nancy’s original French side by side with the translation into English.
Relational Food Allergy, Immunity, and Environments
Authors: Gill Michael
Published: September 2023

Chapter 1 explores a disability studies approach to eating and accommodation, trying to parse out how interdependence and relationality impact individual food choices and eating habits. By focusing on how individuals, with and without food allergies, have temporal relationships to environments including toxins (allergens) and other beings, discourses of safety and risk are destabilized, as are claims of identity to focus on how minority groups can disidentify to claim coalition. In this chapter, I discuss how food allergy identity claims can reinforce white subjects as the only ones needing accommodation. In this chapter, I argue for a more coalitional approach that decenters individual claims of allergy toward a more relational model that facilitates more diverse and radical ways of being in community.
Fugitive Slaves, Free Soil, and the Contest over Sovereignty in the U.S.-Mexico Borderlands, 1821–1867
Authors: Baumgartner Alice L.
Published: September 2023

This essay examines changing conceptions of sovereignty in Mexico and the United States by tracing their evolving policies with respect to fugitive slaves. In the wake of its war with the United States, the Mexican government adopted policies that granted freedom to all enslaved people who set foot on its soil. Territory accorded rights, rather than race. In the United States, the conquest of Mexican territory—the first time that the United States had acquired territory where slavery was abolished by law—also transformed understanding of sovereignty. With the balance of power between the slaveholding and nonslaveholding states under threat, southern politicians adopted the view that the Constitution protected enslaved property everywhere in the United States, even in states and territories where slavery was abolished. From this perspective, slavery was no longer a legal condition, from which enslaved people could escape, but a permanent status, defined by race.
“The Pirates and Their Abettors in This Province”
Authors: Cleland Beau
Published: September 2023

This essay is centered on the 1863 pro-Confederate hijacking of the U.S. merchant steamer Chesapeake by British subjects, mostly colonials from New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, and a spate of copycat attacks that followed it in 1864 and 1865. The cases of the Chesapeake and others provide a compelling challenge to the notion that the Confederacy generally acted according to prevailing norms of state behavior, but instead readily embraced traditions of irregular international violence when the circumstances permitted. The murders that occurred during these incidents, because of their location and the perpetrators, brought forth complicated questions of international law, intra-imperial sovereignty, and the use and abuse of neutrality. Disputes arose over the obligation of colonial courts to uphold imperial primacy over foreign affairs and over how traditional understandings of the rights and duties of neutrals should shift in response to attacks that attempted to fuse privateering and filibustering into a new species of international maritime violence.
What Do We Know?
Authors: Bottorf Toby
Published: September 2023

This chapter examines the collaborative curriculum redesign processes from the outsider’s vantage point, representing the perspective of the innovation and design consultants from Continuum who engaged in this work, which was unprecedented for all participants. We discovered new and specific requirements of co-design in an academic environment and deployed new methods to resolve tensions between outside designers and a community of educators and administrators. We responded to initial skepticism by understanding and navigating the distance between our disciplines to frame the work in accessible ways and to model our ways of working. We engaged in exploratory, multi-disciplinary work in a highly participatory manner, so that the innovation process was not one where design is done to people and their work, but one where it is done with, and for them. We focused on the translation required to meet standards across very different disciplines: standards for the relevance and credibility of our expertise; for rigor and purpose in research or discovery; for the conclusiveness of insights required to build a new model; for the validity of speculative experiments as prototypes; and for authorship and ownership.
Reflection and Core Renewal
Authors: Butler, S.J. Jack
Published: September 2023

By revisiting our recent history, this chapter examines how the process of the Core Renewal Program emerged and consolidated at Boston College, from a casual conversation over breakfast, to a large-scale project that engaged faculty and students. During those conversations, new concepts were brought to the forefront (like “formation”), traditional pedagogical approaches were given preeminence (like the Jesuit “experiments”), and classical educational procedures were reevaluated and given new meaning. The result was the Core Renewal program, with two sets of prototypic models (“Complex Problems” and “Enduring Questions”), that emphasized “Reflection” as the key element in all its specific courses. Reflection is a hermeneutic that emphasizes dialectics as its modus operandi. It is defined as an active process of intellectual engagement, capable of integrating the cognitive and the imaginative in our students, making them become aware and attentive to different views and possibilities, and leading them to action. In that sense, reflection is distinctive to our brand of education, not because it belongs to us in propriety, but because it is essential to our ethos as a Jesuit institution.
Experimenting with Science and Technology in American Society
Authors: Tonn Jenna
Published: September 2023

This chapter focuses on the experience of designing and teaching the Complex Problems course Science and Technology in American Society (STAS) in 2017 and 2018. It addresses the process of integrating learning outcomes and research methods from the humanities and natural sciences in the weekly laboratory practicums associated with STAS, referred to as STEM Lab. In STEM Lab, students experienced hands-on engineering design in context. They worked together in small groups on a series of iterative experimental projects to better understand the practice of science, technology, and engineering. This chapter discusses the pedagogical goals behind STEM Lab, details its curriculum, and presents examples of student research and lessons learned.
Inquiring about Humans and Nature
Authors: VandeWall Holly , Song Min Hyoung
Published: September 2023

This chapter reflects on three consecutive years of teaching a pair of courses organized around the theme of humans and nature. The courses offered an opportunity to think across disciplines—philosophy and English literature—to discover both similarities and differences in our respective approaches to similar topics. What most stood out for us in this experience are the ways in which we were surprised by insights afforded by our careful collaborative planning.
Truth-Telling in History and Literature
Authors: Adair Allison , Sellers-García Sylvia
Published: September 2023

This chapter outlines the theoretical and practical approaches to “constructive uncertainty” taken in the “Truth-Telling in History/Truth-Telling in Literature” course pair. It explains the relevance of truth-telling as a concept of intellectual inquiry in various disciplines, demonstrates how the methods it entails relate to both teaching and research, and argues for both the pedagogical and the political benefits of teaching constructive uncertainty. The chapter suggests that asking questions, not finding answers, is a useful objective. It further suggests that exploration through questions and navigation of discrepancies can lead to something more fulfilling than answers: a degree of acceptance for the discomfort of not having answers.
Jewish-Muslim Intimacy and the History of a Lost Citizenship
Authors: El Guabli Brahim
Published: September 2023

This chapter examines mnemonic literature’s depictions of the end of Jewish-Muslim intimacy and argues that these portrayals account for the loss of a community-based citizenship that Jews and Muslims could have forged in their shared life within the same homeland. Through close readings of the mnemonic novels Zaghārīd al-mawt (Trills of Death, 2010), Shāmma aw Shtrīt (Shāmma or Shtrīt, 2013), and Ḥārith al-nisyān (Tiller of Forgetfulness, 2003) against the backdrop of the political turmoil and historical silences that Morocco witnessed between independence in 1956 and the death of King Hassan II in 1999, the chapter reconceives citizenship as intimacy and opens up space for rethinking the broader implications of the Moroccan state’s facilitation of Jewish emigration. Drawing on recent ethnographic work and theories of intimacy and citizenship, the chapter reads intimacy, in the form of Jewish-Muslim border crossings, shared Jewish-Muslim childhoods, and Jewish and Muslim women’s transgressive solidarities, as a nubilous form of local, practical citizenship. Additionally, the chapter articulates the deeper impact that Jewish emigration had on Moroccan temporality, which is now split into a before and after Jewish emigration from the country, and highlights how literature archives loss while also allowing the pursuit of closure.
(No) Male and Female
Authors: Rich Bryce E.
Published: September 2023

In the tradition of an Orthodox neopatristic synthesis, this chapter surveys patristic texts that address sex and gender. Rather than a univocal teaching passed through the ages, the survey emphasizes the many lines of transmission, appropriation, and redeployment found among the church fathers. However, the survey turns up several themes on which the various authors tend to agree. These include the teaching that both men and women share a common human nature, bear the image of God, and are capable of the same acts of virtue. Patristic texts also tend to use the categories of male and female for allegorical purposes to describe structures of the mind and soul that are shared by men and women alike. This survey is presented to aid the reader in evaluating the arguments that unfold in the next chapters.
Homosexuality
Authors: Rich Bryce E.
Published: September 2023

With the rise of legal recognition of same-sex marriage in various countries and the influx of Orthodox converts leaving Christian traditions that have accepted same-sex parishioners and clergy, homosexuality has become a polarizing issue within the Orthodox Church. Initial responses to homosexuality and care for homosexual parishioners have included the endorsement of reparative therapy. Additionally, a conflation of Freudian narcissism with the Orthodox vice of philautia or self-love has fostered the idea of same-sex attraction as a disordered passion. Many Orthodox are willing to separate orientation from sexual activity. This chapter suggests a response informed by theological personalism. Eschewing both the essentialist understandings that undergird reparative therapy and the idea of homosexuality as narcissism, this chapter argues that persons are not attracted to sexes, but to sexed persons. Without denying the importance of sex and gender in initial attraction and ongoing erotic relationships, a personalist approach argues that the labels of male and female, man and woman, heterosexual and homosexual can result in overly broad generalizations that obscure the unique interpersonal relationships experienced by individual persons.
Absence
Authors: Spragins Elizabeth
Published: September 2023

As an index, a corpse’s absence is felt in terms of time: Although a present entity lingers and fragments, temporally, this entity is no longer with us. Two accounts grapple with royal death as an obscenity, defined by André Bazin as something that cannot or should not be represented in the now of narrative time: the disappearance of Sebastian in Mendonça’s Jornada de África and the Moroccan king ʿAbd al-Malik in a letter written by his doctor, Joseph Valencia. Reproducible access in textual representation to royal death, which decouples the temporal systems of royal body natural and the body politic, poses an ethical dilemma for its witness: How can the narrator bear witness to the king’s death when knowledge of that death will emphasize its disruptive asynchrony? The narrators cover up royal death by resorting to narrative strategies that manipulate time: Mendonça avoids portraying the obscenity of his dead king’s corpse; Valencia controls the indexical link to his king’s hidden body. Their strategies respond to the question, when is the corpse? with misdirection. They deny or obfuscate the reality of the corpse’s present situation, and emphatically claim that it cannot be now.
Indigeneity and Anthropology in Last Worlds
Authors: Schuster Joshua
Published: September 2023

Chapter 2 examines narratives following the life of Ishi, a Native American who was given the moniker “the last wild Indian in North America” by his biographer Theodora Kroeber. The story of Ishi comes primarily through the account written by Kroeber, who used notes from her husband Alfred Kroeber, the eminent anthropologist who studied and cared for Ishi while employing him in the Hearst Museum of Anthropology in San Francisco from 1911 to his death in 1916. Ishi lived through the extinction event of his own people, the Yahi of North-Eastern California. He was cast as a “last man” figure but also romanticized as an original Californian formed by the sun-swept land. This chapter looks at the narratives and imagery associated with Ishi in order to reconstruct concepts of extinction and idealization connected to Indigenous peoples that circulated in Ishi’s time. I also study how psychoanalytic concepts of trauma, Freudian theories of the origins and ends of humanity, and Indigenous ideas of grief became important to Alfred Kroeber as he worked with Ishi.
Hypertext
Authors: Suresh Mayur R.
Published: September 2023

This chapter turns its attention to the file and the central place it has in the trial. In particular, it looks at the role of the file in producing legal truth. My ethnographic interlocutors experienced the file as objects that produced different versions of reality, a version of reality that did not accord with their own. The word ‘fabricate’ helps us understand the capacity of the file, as it means both to ‘make’ and to ‘fake.’ I offer the term ‘hypertext’ to describe these reality-fabricating capacities of the file. By looking at case from the state of Kashmir, this part of the book attempts to show how the technicalities of the file enable the fabrication of alternative versions of the truth. In this case, I show how contestation around the file enabled the murder of a man by security forces to be narrated as an accidental death of a terrorist.
Petition Writing
Authors: Suresh Mayur R.
Published: September 2023

This chapter focuses on how we can attune ourselves to hear human voice in the legal process. To do so, this chapter draws upon the idea of the perlocutionary utterance and how ideas of desire, confrontation, and mourning can emerge through legal technicality. This chapter focuses on practices of petition writing by terror-accused and suggests that there are three different ways to understanding these writings. First, if letters can be thought of as forms of indebtedness, then a petition can be thought of as a way to make demands of the law. Harnessing Cavell’s idea of passionate utterances, I argue that petitions can help us understand legal language as a mode of claim-making. Second, I suggest that another way of understanding these petitions is as a mode of self-writing. Even though they are addressed to another, their primary function is to reclaim an account of oneself for oneself. Third, these petitions are a mode of inhabiting the world through the act of mourning. One way of understanding these relentless, repetitive writing of petitions is to understand them as a way of grieving a life spent in jail and all of the futures that have been lost.
Conclusion
Authors: Suresh Mayur R.
Published: September 2023

This chapter ties together the various concepts offered through the book—custodial intimacy, recycling legality, state vulnerability through legal language, files and fabrication, and certification—through the narrative of one anti-terror case. In doing so, it seeks to rearticulate the argument that legal technicalities are the site of human expressiveness, creativity, and vulnerability.
Sublime Seizures in Lyotard and Nancy
Authors: Murray Timothy
Published: September 2023

Jean-François Lyotard and Jean-Luc Nancy share a passion for philosophizing on the artistic sublime. Whether through the marvel of touch or the philosophical thought of exposition, the fraught discourse of the sublime traverses their many reflections on the expansive and empowering affect of art. Distinguishing them from so many of their philosophical peers is their common emphasis on thinking the artistic sublime within the contradictory context of the form and heritage of technology. Their dazzling essays on art share the resistance of touch to technological hegemony not to mention their uncanny emphases on the à côtè. For both artistically sensitive philosophers, the fluid field of art’s vital surgings enhance an horizon of entwining technicity that envelopes the social within the plural. What’s most telling is how their aleatory meanderings through the seizures of the sublime echo each other on the very platform of politics that should most distinguish them.
D’avec
Authors: Hamacher Werner
Published: September 2023

The essay, written in German in 2015 and appearing here in English for the first time, deals with the necessity to render more precise and thereby transform Nancy’s notion of Being-with-others. Only if it implies a Being-with-others which remains unable to belong to any community does Being-with-others present itself as the absolute and absolutely undissolvable relation: the relation of all relations, which is at once the relation to no given relatum. In accordance with the infra-negative structure of this Being-with-its-Without, communities are unable to be aligned with “symbolic” systems, unable to be grasped “as such” by themselves or by others, and unable to present or represent themselves in a philosophical corpus in which its reasons resound. Being-with-others is Being-without what is called “philosophy.”
Urban Borderlands
Authors: Reynolds Susan Bigelow
Published: September 2023

This chapter begins a constructive response to the question of ecclesial community in difference by turning to St. Mary of the Angels, an urban Catholic parish in Egleston Square, a racially and ethnically diverse neighborhood in Boston’s Roxbury. Through the lens of English- and Spanish-language welcome rituals during Mass announcements and parishioners’ accounts of their arrivals at St. Mary’s, the chapter traces the evolution of parish and neighborhood through the century of local, national, and international migrations that shaped them both. The chapter situates these movements within the larger story of twentieth-century Catholicism in the urban Northeast. The chapter proposes an understanding of the parish as a waystation in an urban borderland, a community whose practices have been shaped by the confluence of cultures, migrations, and histories.
Receiving Vatican II in Roxbury
Authors: Reynolds Susan Bigelow
Published: September 2023

Through the lens of a present-day Parish Pastoral Council meeting, this chapter contrasts two attempts at solidarity propelled by Vatican II. The first was a 1965 attempt by Boston’s Richard Cardinal Cushing to provide pastoral intervention to “inner city” parishes through a missionary program called the Roxbury Apostolate. The initiative, examined here for the first time, sought to reimagine parish structures and clergy roles in light of the council’s reforms and the realities of white racism and urban poverty. Despite the archdiocese’s attempt to revive the Roxbury parishes it had long since neglected, the program was undone by its own idealism and undermined by the capricious nature of institutionally led solidarity “from above.” The second was the establishment of the St. Mary’s Parish Pastoral Council around 1969. Drawing on archival data and oral histories, the chapter analyzes how parishioners’ reception of the liturgical and ecclesial reforms of the Second Vatican Council radically reframed their relationship with the local community. Seizing the post-conciliar ethos of openness to the modern world, laity leaned hard into their newfound power in order to make structural decisions that placed their struggling parish into a relationship of costly solidarity with the increasingly marginalized community it served.
​Roman Catholic Encounters with Advaita Vedānta
Authors: Soars Daniel
Published: September 2023

In Chapter 2, I continue to set out the comparative and historical contexts required to understand Grant’s own arguments by offering an outline of the metaphysics of Advaita Vedānta and an overview of Thomist-Vedāntic encounters. In particular, I examine the contributions of a number of key earlier figures in what became known as the ‘Calcutta School’ of Indology, toward which Grant was pointed by her academic mentor in India, Richard De Smet. These Thomist theologians argued, somewhat remarkably, that Advaitic vocabularies, allegories, and imageries can be reworked and resituated within Christian doctrinal universes to explicate the distinctive relation between the world and God in such a way as to move beyond both monism and dualism. By focusing on the conceptual affinities between Aquinas and Śaṁkara, Grant’s work builds on that of earlier scholars like Georges Dandoy, Pierre Johanns, and De Smet himself.
Two African American Journalists Confront World War II
Authors: Greene Larry A. , Delozier Alan
Published: September 2023

The investigative efforts of journalists Roi Ottley and Ollie Stewart were made through the lens of World War II’s global conflict and motivated by the need to chronicle discrimination, promote civil rights, and convey their findings to the African American community while making all races aware of pervasive social inequities. Both individuals shared a common mission in their search for uncovering information that would help influence public opinion on the side of racial justice. Their bold and candid writing efforts during the Second World War collectively contributed to an enhanced sense of social consciousness that set the stage for the emergence of the modern civil rights movement in the post–WW II era.
How Much Kin Does a Person Need?
Authors: O'Byrne Anne
Published: September 2023

Belonging is universal but how we belong, to whom, and for what purposes are contingent. This chapter investigates the languages of kinship—blood and DNA, pedigrees and family trees—and confronts normative notions of genealogical bewilderment, disorientation, and exhaustion. In the face of such racialized and naturalized norms, we fill the need for kin with chosen families and created networks for taking responsibility for those who came before and those to come. This generational aspect of genocide is aenocide, the murder of generations. How much kin does a person need? Enough to sustain her world by sustaining and renewing distinctive practices of generation, education, mourning, and world-making.