bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conhecimento das espécies vegetais de cinco praças públicas por meio de QR Codes
Authors: Ribeiro Job Antonio Garcia
Published: December 2021

O artigo descreve e analisa as ações de divulgação realizadas a partir da identificação das espécies vegetais presentes em cinco praças de Iturama-MG. Após diagnóstico quali-quantitativo em que foram inventariados 462 indivíduos e 53 espécies, foi criado um site em que foram disponibilizadas fotos e informações botânicas e ecológicas. Foram produzidas “etiquetas” contendo QR Codes pelos quais, por meio de um smartphone com câmera e acesso à internet, os transeuntes podem identificar as árvores e ter acesso às características de cada espécie. As informações contidas no site e nos QR Codes foram acessadas por 328 usuários e tiveram 951 visualizações de 30/12/2020 a 26/10/2021. Considera-se que o trabalho aproximou os moradores do patrimônio natural da cidade e do conhecimento científico, estimulou a sensibilização, a percepção ambiental e a valorização das áreas verdes públicas. Acredita-se também que esta ação possa ser ampliada para outros contextos e inspirar iniciativas semelhantes.
Canal Descomplicado (YouTube)
Authors: Passow Michael J. , Sathler Douglas
Published: December 2021

In many countries, there are numerous sources for students to find information about topics in their courses, but that is not always the situation. Dr. Douglas Sathler of the Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) in Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil, perceived a need for straightforward explanations of important topics and created the Canal Descomplicado (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqN57VIbkT0KzJqjZAzkypQ). He has produced a series of Portuguese-language YouTube® videos that explain how to write scientific papers (examples include how to structure an introduction, how to present the context and objectives of the work, proper descriptions of the methods and discussion, and conclusions).
Alinhamento cognitivo e ensino remoto
Authors: Miguel Gisele Francelino , Carneiro Celso Dal Ré , Gonçalves Pedro Wagner
Published: December 2021

Disciplinas de Geologia Introdutória dos cursos de Geologia e Geografia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas buscam proporcionar uma visão integrada dos processos naturais e sociais e relacionar Sistema Terra (saberes geológicos) com Sistema Mundo (saberes geográficos). O modelo, dinâmico e integrativo, concilia aulas expositivas com intensa carga de atividades práticas e trabalhos de campo, mas a pandemia de Covid-19 impediu o acesso dos estudantes às salas de aula, laboratórios e campo. O artigo descreve uma abordagem prática, realizada com estudantes ingressantes desses cursos, das taxonomias de Bloom e Structure of Observed Learning Outcomes (SOLO). Os docentes concentraram- -se no desenvolvimento da cognição dos discentes, levando em conta as habilidades adquiridas, comportamentos e atitudes. Ao se definir com rigor os objetivos didáticos e as avaliações formativas, pode-se obter estudantes motivados e engajados capazes de utilizar processos cognitivos no mais alto nível possível, independentemente da formação final, Geologia ou Geografia.
Construcción y pertinencia de la geolodáctica
Authors: Lacreu Hector Luis
Published: December 2021

Este aporte fue elaborado como una réplica del trabajo “Reflexiones sobre el término Geolodáctica” del Dr. José Selléz-Martínez publicado en este mismo número. Se presenta una breve contextualización de la evolución de la enseñanza de la Geología en Argentina en los últimos treinta años y se ofrecen respuestas a algunos aspectos centrales de las críticas formuladas: a) el origen de la geodáctica, b) sobre la construcción de las siglas geodácticas , c) sobre la relevancia del neologismo geodáctico , d) sobre la prudencia y la supuesta desproporción del significado de la geodáctica , e) sobre las ciencias de la Tierra y su didáctica. Se concluye indicando que el final geolodácticopretende dar respuesta y visibilizar un tema educativo investigado por su autor. La propuesta se encuentra en un proceso de valoración por parte de la comunidad de profesores de Geología y Ciencias de la Tierra, quienes la adoptarán, se negarán a modificarla, en parte, como corresponde a toda hipótesis científica.
Does Terms of Trade Matter for Economic Growth? A Focus on Natural Resource-Rich Sub-Saharan African Countries
Authors: Chile Nzeh Innocent , Uzoechina Benedict I , Eze Millicent Adanne , Imoag Chika P , Nwamaka Ozoh Joan
Published: December 2021

The contention that deteriorating terms of trade exists in countries that rely heavily on the exploitation and export of natural resources motivated us in this study. We therefore sought to investigate the impact of terms of trade on economic growth in natural resource-rich sub-Saharan African countries. We carried out the study using annual series that span a period of 1990-2019 under the framework of panel Random and Fixed effects. Our findings indicate that a long run relationship exists between GDP and the explanatory variables used in the study. Results also show that, while cross-section random effects indicates that terms of trade positively impacts on GDP, period fixed effects shows that terms of trade negatively impacts on GDP even though it is not significant. Results of our study also show that in all the models, labour force total and FDI have positive impact on GDP, while trade openness impacts on GDP negatively. We therefore recommend that the SSA natural resource-rich countries should diversify their economies away from the traditional natural resources base. Also human capital should be improved through sound education and training, while all the bottlenecks that constrain the inflow of foreign direct investment should be dismantled.
Correlation Between Age, Work Period, Knowledge, and Attitude’s Workers With Behavior on The Use of PPE
Authors: Widyawati Cynthia , Paskarini Indriati
Published: December 2021

PG. Poerwodadie is one of the white crystal sugar factories left by the Dutch East Indies. In the production process with a fairly high risk of work accidents, the company provides Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). However, most workers have not complied with the use of PPE in the work area. Therefore, it is necessary to research factors related to non-compliance with the use of PPE. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between age, years of service, education, and attitudes with workers who were not obedient in using PPE. This research uses quantitative with the cross-sectional approach. The population in this study were all workers at the PG. Poerwodadie manufacturing station totals 80 people. The study concludes that there was a relationship between the age of workers and non-compliance with the use of PPE with the value of Phi and Cramer's V = 0.337. There was a relationship between the working period and non-compliance with the use of PPE with a value of 0.329. There was a relationship between worker knowledge and non-compliance with the use of PPE with the value = 0.279. There was no relationship between worker attitudes and non-compliance with the use of PPE
Layered shock-resistant element parts shape change process selection and modeling
Authors: Arhat Roman , Shlyk Serhiy , Shchetynin Viktor , Moloshtan D. , Drahobetskyi Volodymyr , Shapoval Oleksandr
Published: December 2021

An impact-resistant layered element consisting of two outer layers from highly rigid material and an inner layer from viscoelastic material has been developed. The item reduces the barring effect on the protected object. The design peculiarity is that the outer part has a bend with a deflection arrow within 10… 15 thicknesses, and has a connection of the outer layers from high-stiff material on opposite edges with staples from plastic material, which during plastic deformation flows into the edge holes coaxially in the outer layers, on the inner side of the impact-resistant element is attached a shock-absorbing layer from elastic foamed polymeric material, the back surface of which corresponds to the surface of the protected object. For the parts manufacture it has been developed bending sheet parts method in which the bending the part shelves with a bending element with their subsequent straightening. The aim is to increase the process productivity and the geometric dimensions’ accuracy of the part. Modeling the process of parts spontaneous forming "Impact-resistant element upper sheet" on the reverse and direct schemes is performed by the finite element method in the AnSYS / AutoDYN system. The study purpose is to develop technology and modeling the process of the impact-resistant element sheet parts deformation.
Complex systems of shavings processing machines
Authors: Muzychka Diana , Chernyshov О. , Tretiak V.
Published: December 2021

When using shavings in the metallurgical industry, and especially in powder metallurgy, there is a question of purification of shavings from LCTS (lubrication and cooling technological systems) before it’s processing. On the basis of previously performed research, the classification of complex systems for processing metal shavings which perform operations depending on its type and degree of contamination is proposed. Particularly difficult are the operations: sorting shavings by size, separating shavings from MOTS, washing shavings and drying them. The developed designs of machines for shavings processing with the uniform principle of action allow to connect them in a uniform complex system for preparation of shavings for metallurgical redistribution. Each of the given structural schemes of complex systems on shavings processing with the uniform principle of action can also be executed in two versions - general factory or shop; examples of their construction and description are given.
Finland's Innovation Policy: Sociohumanitarian Aspects
Authors: Kirichenko I.
Published: December 2021

Modern society faces large-scale challenges associated with the digitalization of economic and social processes, especially at its new stage – the development and implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. The point is that the use of AI entails great ethical risks, since creates an opportunity for non-observance of human rights to privacy. In Finland, a country that has been pursuing an innovation policy closely linked to socio-economic policies that responds to social challenges for several decades, this problem is widely discussed and strives to minimize and even eliminate the above risks in decisions on research and development (R&D) policy. Therefore, R&D in the field of AI technologies is carried out in Finland at the intersection of computer, mathematical and humanitarian sciences, since one of the most important issues of its application is the question of how moral and ethical its results will be. In this regard, the analysis and understanding of Finland’s experience in this area is important and necessary. Finland has traditionally in recent decades prioritized the humanitarian component in the formation of innovation policy. The technological component was viewed through the prism of social problems that should be resolved in the course of economic development, the main driver of which is innovation processes. This approach is determined by the country’s social development model. The openness of public administration, the high role of the country’s citizens in making the most important strategic decisions, the social responsibility of business, taking into account the opinion of the expert community leads to a balanced promotion of technologies in the economy. Of course, opportunities for innovative development “with a human face” from time to time run into economic constraints – which was clearly manifested, for example, during a pandemic. Nevertheless, when it comes to digitalization and the use of AI, the Finnish state and society continue to strive to ensure the presumption of morality and ethics in the implementation of these technologies. The country is conducting humanitarian and sociological research in this area, as well as developing mechanisms for managing the ethics and morality of AI. The country strives to become a leader not only in AI technologies, but also in developing the principles of preserving the humanitarian and moral values that Finland shares with Europe.
A SURVEY OF TOURISM MANAGEMENT ATTITUDES TO RENEWABLE ENERGY SUPPLY IN PRIMORSKO-GORANSKA COUNTY (CROATIA)
Authors: Knezević Rade , Vičić Leo
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the methodology of a conducted questionnaire survey and the results regarding energy consumption in the tourism of Primorsko-Goranska County (Croatia). The attitudes about energy consumption management and practical aspects concerning consumption are highlighted. The pool consists of three major groups of tourism objects: hotels and related facilities, camping parks and marinas. The plan was to analyze 91 tourism object, but only from 30 objects was achieved the response (33% rate). Largest share of the pool is located in the coastal area (73%), and much smaller shares are in the mountain region (13%) and the islands (13%). The results of analysis show that the largest amount of energy is used for interior heating/cooling (26,0%) and food purposes (24,5%), then for the illumination (17,3%), hot water (17,0%), laundering and ironing (10,4%), cleaning and waste disposal (2,6%) and other (2,1%). The attitudes about saving are emphasized and 96,7% of surveyed managers suppose that it is possible to manage the energy consumption and that energy increasingly influences their sustainable business activities. Information technology equipment for energy consumption control was installed in 16,7% of facilities and only 13,3% of businesses were exploiting renewable energy sources (RES) in 2007.
LIFELONG LEARNING IN RESTAURANT BUSINESS
Authors: Rakicevik Gabriela , Miladinoski Sofronija , Strezoska Jagoda
Published: December 2021

Lifelong learning is the reality in all successful service industries. In the field of the hotel and tourism industry, it is very important to implement this concept. That will assure to achieve high level of quality - to be competitive on the market, and as feedback to get a big number of satisfied guests. There are different issues to discuss for the concept of lifelong learning. One of the most important thing is the need and interest for permanent education from both sides: employee and employer. The other issue is: according to law who is competent to organize and offer different forms of lifelong learning; who will recognize the certificate and/or diploma!? Financial aspect has big influence as well: who will cover the expences for any kind of education for already employed people. Methods and techniques for lifelong learning varry according to target group, topic, time, department in the hospitality property etc. Training is very popular method for permanent education. In general there are two basic types of training: the one-on-one training method and group training. Much of the training in restaurant business is done individually. Most one-on-one training is conducted by implementation of the following techniques: buddy system, cross-training,computer training and video. There are many different techniques that can be used in group training: classroom, lecture, demonstration, role-playing, games, professional trainers. In some countries, very popular is the concept of service learning.
USING THE “LEARN MODEL” TO RESOLVE GUEST COMPLAINTS
Authors: Galičić Vlado , Ivanović Slobodan
Published: December 2021

The demands of guest in the hospitality industry and their satisfaction with the services they have consumed have become a prevailing competitive tool. Today, the guest as an individual is capable of damaging the reputation of a hospitality service provider by telling others of his/her experiences of the shortcoming of services rendered and consumed. Complaints against hospitality establishments are often calls of attention to the need for improving not only the overall process of preparing and rendering service or one of its parts but also the entire way operations are organised in a hospitality facility. What guests really mind and what causes customer-defection is an indolent and negligent attitude of a hospitality establishment towards guest complaints. In principle, complainants do not have a negative view of a specific hospitality facility and most guests do not make formal complaints. Instead, they choose to simply leave a facility when something is not to their liking, never to return, and turn to the competition. The purpose of this paper is to explain how the objections and formally expressed complaints of guests can be transformed into stronger loyalty towards a hospitality facility or specific type of service, because guests who have seen their claims resolved in a satisfactory manner are very likely to tell others of their experience. To this end, the paper focuses on the LEARN Model for resolving guest complaints against hospitality services.
Manifestação Primária de Sífilis em Cavidade Oral
Authors: Soerger Patricia , Fernandes Siqueira Dias Pedro Henrique , Zambaldi da Cruz Eduardo , Passador Santos Fabrício , Garcia Rosa Ana Cláudia
Published: December 2021

A sífilis é uma infecção sexualmente transmissível (IST), causada pela bactéria espiroqueta Treponema pallidum (TP). A doença pode manifestar-se de diversas formas clínicas quando adquirida (primária, secundária e terciária), e também pode ser congênita. Todas as formas de sífilis podem apresentar manifestações bucais, embora na cavidade oral as lesões sifilíticas sejam incomuns. Atualmente, tem sido observado um aumento na incidência de sífilis entre adultos jovens, especialmente entre os HIV positivos. O objetivo desse trabalho é relatar um caso de sífilis com manifestação oral em um homem imunocompetente, de 26 anos de idade.
HEMODIÁLISE EM CRIANÇAS: IMPACTO PESSOAL E NA FAMÍLIA E/OU CUIDADORES
Authors: Da Silva Débora Zvicker , Barbosa de Oliveira Marcio , Pereira de Andrade Julyana , Maciel Lima Ana Karoline , Bogarim Borin Chiacchio Fernanda
Published: December 2021

Quando o funcionamento dos rins é insuficiente para manter a vida, os pacientes com Doença Renal Crônica podem ser submetidos à terapia renal substitutiva. A hemodiálise é uma técnica de purificação extracorpórea que substitui parcialmente algumas das funções dos rins; e que engloba alterações do cotidiano do paciente. Desse modo, a pesquisa busca avaliar o impacto causado pelo processo de hemodiálise em crianças, para elas mesmas e para seus familiares e/ou cuidadores. Trata-se de um estudo secundário e transversal de revisão da literatura utilizando como banco de dados as plataformas da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), PubMed e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Foram utilizados os descritores: Diálise Renal e Criança, em todas as plataformas. Seis artigos foram avaliados que tratam sobre o impacto causado pelo processo de hemodiálise. A realização da hemodiálise em pacientes pediátricos representa grande impacto social tanto para os pacientes quanto para seus familiares e/ou cuidadores, que apresentam grau de sobrecarga moderado e índices de depressão e ansiedade maiores do que a população geral.

Descritores: Diálise Renal; Criança; Família; Impacto Psicossocial.
Energy Sustainability of a Cluster of Buildings with the Application of Smart Grids and Decentralization of Renewable Energy Sources
Authors: Garlík Bohumír
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the current state of energy consumption and CO2 emissions in the urban area of building clusters. There are many requirements, such as those set by the EU (FIT 55, decarbonisation in 2050, full electromobility in 2035, or mandatory annual reductions in energy consumption and CO2 production) or societal requirements, such as stable energy supply and its optimisation while significantly reducing CO2 emissions. This inspired us to design an energy model of a building (EMB) with smart grid implementation in a decentralized sustainable energy system. Simulation model studies were carried out to show the possibility of their application in the process of fully satisfying energy needs in terms of reducing their environmental impact. A decentralized photovoltaic system (microgrid) connected to a distribution grid. The main objective is to propose an original methodology for the design of smart "Nearly Zero Energy Buildings" (NZEB) and a subsequent solution for energy sustainability. This has led us to use HOMER, PV*SOL, Monte Carlo and DesignBuilder software which were chosen from the range of options that were and are available. Subsequently, a synthesis of the selected software solutions was carried out and a new model - the "Energy Model of a Building" (EMB) - was proposed in the process of integration with the energy performance of buildings, as an original optimization basis for designing smart buildings and smart areas, and even cities. The proposed EMB has been verified and evaluated within the experiment.
Estimating the Volcanic Ash Plume Course, PM2.5 Emissions, and Environmental Impacts Based on the December 4, 2021, Mount Semeru Eruption
Authors: Wibowo Andri
Published: December 2021

Recently on the December 4, 2021 at 03:00 PM, 3676 m high Mount Semeru located in the East parts of Java Island has erupted. To our best knowledge, an immediate and rapid systematic analysis of the volcanic ash plume courses, PM2.5 emissions, and environmental impacts based on Mount Semeru eruption has not been implemented so far. Then, this research aims to provide and fill the research gap on the rapid assessment of recent Mount Semeru eruption. From the result, it is clearly visible that for 12 hours the volcanic ash plume course was eastward. The volcanic ash plume can travel a distance of 0–10 km to the North and South directions, and more than 10 km to the East direction. The size of the volcanic ash plume was large at 02:00 AM on December 5, 2021. The smallest size of a volcanic ash plume was recorded at 09:00 PM on December 4, 2021. Most parts of the ash plume (55.98%) or equals 39.01 km2 contain fallen volcanic material amounts ranged from 1 kg/m2 to 10 kg/m2. The fallen volcanic material amount peaked between 08:00 PM and 11:00 PM. Based on the estimation, the PM2.5 content in the atmosphere increased after the eruption. The mean of PM2.5 before the eruption was 48.5 ± 19.3(95%CI: 29.2 to 67.8 ug/m3). While after eruption the mean of PM2.5 was 79.4 ± 32.2(95%CI: 47.2 to112 ug/m3). It indicated that the Mount Semeru eruption has increased the PM2.5 equals 63.65%.
Pengaruh Tingkat Kecemasan Terhadap Kualitas Tidur Ibu Hamil Trimester III Di Puskesmas Tanjung Karang Mataram
Authors: Rahmasita Siti Annisa , Mahardika Agustine , Jumsa Muhammad Rizkinov
Published: December 2021

Pendahuluan: Kecemasan merupakan keadaan patologis yang ditandai dengan gejala fisiologis dan gejala psikologis, gejala-gejala tersebut dapat terjadi berbeda pada setiap orang dan situasi. Pada kehamilan, risiko terjadinya kecemasan akan meningkat. Memasuki trimester tiga, ibu hamil dapat merasa cemas akan keselamatan dirinya maupun keselamatan bayinya. Saat merasa cemas, akan terjadi peningkatan kadar noradrenergik akibat stimulasi sistem saraf simpatis yang akan menyebabkan berkurangnya siklus REM, sehingga meningkatkan frekuensi terbangun di malam hari dan menyebabkan kualitas tidur yang buruk. Kecemasan dapat menurunkan kadar GABA sehingga seseorang akan sulit untuk menginisiasi tidur.

Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah responden pada penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 32 ibu hamil trimester tiga di Puskesmas tanjung Karang Mataram, dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Alat pengambilan data pada penelitian ini adalah kuesioner Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) untuk mengukur tingkat kecemasan dan kuesioner Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) untuk mengukur kualitas tidur. Data pada penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi spearman.

Hasil dan pembahasan: Penelitian menyatakan bahwa tingkat kecemasan berpengaruh terhadap kualitas tidur ibu hamil trimester tiga di Puskesmas Tanjung Karang Mataram dengan P value <0,001 (P value < 0.5) dan r = 0.731 menunjukkan korelasi positif dengan kekuatan korelasi yang kuat.
Kesimpulan: Tingkat kecemasan berpengaruh terhadap kualitas tidur ibu hamil trimester tiga di Puskesmas Tanjung Karang Mataram.
Relief in Ignorance, Shattered Subjectivity: A Lacanian Reading of Subjectivity in Anton Chekhov’s “The Bet”
Authors: Kargar Alierza , Vahdati Mahnoosh , Abootalebi Hassan
Published: December 2021

This paper provides a psychoanalytical account of subjectivity. It engages in a Lacanian reading of subjectivity in Anton Chekhov’s “The Bet” (1889), whose protagonist, the lawyer, illustrates Jacques Lacan’s ideas about subjectivity and the subject. In the story, the lawyer develops a fragmented sense of subjectivity and experiences alienation from the society and all its allegedly logical and supposedly eternal norms, as well as loss and lack in his very being. The story reveals that subjectivity is unstable and constructed within and through language and that remaining a normal person, from the society’s perspective, requires not pondering over and beyond the language, but remaining stuck in it and never suspecting its authenticity and reliability. By contemplating whether the society’s ideologies are everlasting and what are or might be over them, the lawyer expects the society’s ideologies to bring bliss to human and thereby he develops hatred and despise towards them all. The ideas of Jacques Lacan about the development of subjectivity in the course of the mirror stage and the oedipal crisis are drawn upon.
Effects of sea level and upwelling on development of a Miocene shallow-water tropical carbonate ramp system, Ponce, Puerto Rico
Authors: Ortega-Ariza Diana , Franseen Evan K. , Boudagher-Fadel Marcelle K.
Published: December 2021

A Miocene (Langhian–Tortonian, ca. 15–10 Ma) tropical ramp system exposed in southern Puerto Rico is characterized by shallow-water facies consisting of heterozoans, red algae, large benthic foraminifera (LBF), and corals, which occur as isolated corals, segment- and cluster-type reefs, and reworked accumulations. Photozoan association components are limited to corals (Montastraea, Porites, Goniopora, and Agaricia) and LBF (amphisteginids, soritids, gypsinids, miliolids) that have been documented to tolerate elevated nutrients, turbidity, and cooler water conditions. Similar shallow-water carbonate systems are found throughout the Caribbean, and this regional development is thought to have resulted from the well-documented upwelling in the Caribbean during the Miocene. Sea-level fluctuations also exerted a major control on facies distributions and shifts in the Puerto Rico ramp, including a vertical facies pattern that occurs in each of three sequences. Basal parts of sequences, deposited during sea-level rises, are dominantly composed of mollusks, echinoderms, red algae, LBF, bryozoans, and solitary corals that formed in low-energy seagrass-bed environments with local associated higher-energy shoal environments. Coral facies occur only in upper parts of sequences and formed in shallow-water, low- to high-energy environments closely associated with seagrass beds during late highstands and sea-level falls. A similar vertical facies pattern occurs in time-equivalent sequences elsewhere around the Caribbean. Strontium-isotope age data indicate two sequence boundaries reflecting sea-level falls formed at about 12.3 Ma and 11.1 Ma. Correlation with time-equivalent unconformities in other well-dated areas in the Caribbean and to sea-level lows on eustatic curves suggests a global signature for sequence development. The connection between the Caribbean and the Pacific along the Central American Seaway (CAS), impacted by local tectonic episodes and sea-level fluctuations during the Miocene, affected nutrient influx and upwelling in the Caribbean, which may be reflected in the vertical facies pattern in shallow-water carbonate sequences. Times of restricted connection during sea-level falls and lows resulted in reduced nutrients and upwelling, which may have been more conducive to coral development. Time-equivalent tropical carbonate systems in the Mediterranean and Indo-Pacific show similarities to those in the Caribbean, indicating influence of global processes (cooling, temperature gradients, oceanographic circulation). Differences between areas indicates the importance of local and regional controls, which in the Caribbean was dominantly the opening and closure of the CAS.
Aspects of Multiscale Flow Simulation with Potential to Enhance Reservoir Engineering Practice
Authors: Khataniar Sanjoy Kumar , de Brito Dias Daniel , Xu Rong
Published: December 2021

A multiscale sequential fully implicit (MS SFI) reservoir simulation method implemented in a commercial simulator is applied to a set of reservoir engineering problems to understand its potential. Our assessment highlights workflows where the approach brings substantial performance advantages and insight generation. The understanding gained during commercialization on approximately 40 real-world models is illustrated through simpler but representative data sets, available in the public domain. The main characteristics of the method and key features of the implementation are briefly discussed. The robust fully implicit (FI) simulation method is used as a benchmark. The implementation of the MS SFI method is found to faithfully reproduce FI results for black-oil problems. We provide evidence and analysis of why the MS SFI approach can achieve high levels of performance and fidelity. The method supports the solution of unique problems that would benefit from incorporating multiscale geology and multiscale flow physics. The MS SFI implementation was used to successfully simulate a typical sector model used for field pilots at extremely high “whole core” scale resolution within a practical time frame leveraging high-performance computing (HPC). This could not be achieved with the FI approach. A combination of MS SFI and HPC offers immense potential to simulate geological models using grids to capture mesoscopic or laminar scale geology. The method, by design, demands fewer computing resources than FI, making it far more cost-effective to use for such high-resolution models. We conclude that the MS SFI method has a distinct capability to enhance reservoir engineering practice in the areas of high-resolution simulation-driven workflows in context of subsurface uncertainty quantification, field development planning, and reservoir performance optimization.

NOTE: This paper is also published as part of the 2021 SPE Reservoir Simulation Conference Special Issue.
Developing Capability for a Continuous Improvement Culture in Petroleum Development Oman PDO
Authors: Bryant Wayne , Ghafri Zaaima , Salmi Ahmed , Yazeedi Zeyana , Bell Christopher
Published: December 2021

Objectives/Scope

To highlight at a high level the successful method of building Continuous Improvement (CI) competence Pan Petroleum Development Oman (PDO) and the different pathways used to engage everyone at every level of the organization circa. 10,000 people as part of PDO transformation to a Continuous Improvement organization

Methods, Procedures, Process

PDO is developing a CI culture through 2 pathways, CI Professional & CI Generalist. CI Professionals, limited to 50 high potentials, spend 3 years full time developing CI competence to a level they can coach autonomously in the business. CI Generalists build CI skills though training and deliberate practice becoming Lean Practitioners, Lean Managers and Practical Problem Solving (PPS) practitioners & facilitators.

Results, Observations, Conclusions

A CI function has been created to own the development of staff, standards, and deployment.

Having quarterly competence development reviews for CI Professionals, to discuss and monitor progress and establish goals for the next quarter have resulted in a step change in speed and quality of development. We have had 100+ CI Coaches through the development program as of July 2021, either returning to the business to germinate CI in their new teams or developing further to become a career CI specialist.

Developing the CI competences for CI Generalist has seen an explosion in ideas circa 10,000 with 500 teams practicing CI Fundamentals, 200+ qualified PPS facilitators & 250+ Lean managers coaching in the business.

Benefits to date include circa 150K M3 production gain and many millions saved from the budget. Observation is we are developing autonomous teams able to solve problems for themselves resulting in an engaged workforce:- Improving today for a better tomorrow.

Sponsorship from the top is the imperative ingredient for success. Engagement of the workforce from the bottom up, staff doing the work, creates the momentum required to make a CI transformation successful.

Novel, Additive Information

Holistically the approach used can be transferred to any other business and although tailored for PDO is business/sector is agnostic. The coaches who have graduated through our internal certification can and are applying Continuous Improvement in our business and externally in other organizations.

Looking to the future we can partner with universities to have Continuous Improvement as part of the curriculum either as modules or a whole syllabus.
The New Edge. Building and Deploying a New State of the Art, High Speed Acquisition, Automation and Analytics Platform for Drilling, Completions, Production, and Renewable Energy Applications
Authors: Pink Anthony Paul , Fehres Carl , Pearce Julie Diane , Costa Stacy , Noworyta Mickey
Published: December 2021

This paper discusses the architecture, development, and deployment of a new state-of-the-art data acquisition and analytics platform. The system is designed to capture and store data for all phases of well construction and is also suited to aggregating data from renewable energy sources such as offshore wind turbines. In today's well construction world it is vitally important that an edge platform can capture high-quality, high-speed data. It needs to be able to universally translate data from many protocols and provide outbound data streams that are easy to consume and store. The high-quality data streams can then be queried by high-value analytics that ultimately deliver predictive and prescriptive solutions.

Our approach was to identify the market pain and develop a system that solved the digital requirements for our customers who needed a field-deployed and field-supported, agnostic digital ecosystem. In the new "Digital Oilfield" the requirements for data capture, aggregation, edge computing, automation, cloud infrastructure and office applications are all expanding rapidly. Most "Edge" solutions are cloud-based and come from purely digital companies who have little or no domain knowledge or field infrastructure with which to deploy and maintain those systems. It was observed that an "Edge" solution was required that remained highly performant even if network connectivity from the cloud to the location was lost.

This paper will also discuss the novel approach to the development of this platform with an oil & gas operator's subject matter experts being embedded in the contractor's product development team. The result being an end-to-end solution designed for both the requirements of the field and the office. The customer had previously built its own system internally, but was looking for a partner who could update and maintain an evergreen technology stack, increase speed and capability and be able to maintain and support a scalable product worldwide on all its operational locations. We will explain the development process, early field testing and commercialization of this product and the results that were achieved. This new system will have an open architecture that allows other digital companies to leverage the high-speed data and host their applications on the platform both on the wellsite and in the office. The system also provides interoperability with the machines on location, this interoperability enables a wide range of 3rd parties to be able to deliver automated applications on the well location. This technology will enable significant performance improvements in drilling and completion operations.
A Drilling Engineer's Guide to Optimizing Well Design for Wireline Operations
Authors: Wheater Guy , Huyton Stuart L. , Ford Ronald J. , Gerrity Russel , Miller Luke , Hanson Mike
Published: December 2021

During open-hole wireline operations, at least 95% of cable sticking events are known to be predictable and avoidable. Approximately 40% of these cable sticking events escalate to fishing operations, adding substantial costs to the AFE. Sub-optimal well design, from a wireline acquisition perspective, is known to contribute to such sticking. This paper offers practical guidance for drilling engineers on how their well designs may impact wireline conveyance and sticking risks and what measures they can take at both the design and execution stages to ensure a safe and efficient wireline logging job.
First Successful Autonomous ICD Pilot for GOR Management Across ADNOC Offshore
Authors: Ahmad Fazeel , Channa Zohaib , Al Hosni Fahad , Nofal Salman Farhan , Libdi Ziad Talat , Abdalla Zeid Mohamed , Albeshr Manal , Al Seiari Ahmed Mohamed , Awid Abdurrezagh , Tahir Ammar , Hamed Hassan , Fernandes Prakash Nevil , Shuja Atif
Published: December 2021

The paper discusses the pilot project in ADNOC Offshore to assess the Autonomous Inflow Control Device (AICD) technology as an effective solution for increasing oil production over the life of the field. High rate of water and gas production in horizontal wells is one of the key problems from the commencement of operation due to the high cost of produced water and gas treatment including several other factors. Early Gas breakthrough in wells can result in shut-in to conserve reservoir energy and to meet the set GOR guidelines. The pilot well was shut-in due to high GOR resulted from the gas breakthrough.

A pilot project was implemented to evaluate the ability of autonomous inflow control technology to manage gas break through early in the life of the well spanned across horizontal wellbore. And also to balance the production influx profile across the entire lateral length and to compensate for the permeability variation and therefore the productivity of each zone. Each compartment in the pilot well was equipped with AICD Screens and Swell-able Packers across horizontal open hole wellbore to evaluate oil production and defer gas breakthrough. Some AICDs were equipped with treatment valve for the compartments that needed acid simulation to enhance the effectiveness of the zone. The selection factors for installing number of production valves in the pilot well per each AICD was based on reservoir and field data. Pre-modeling of the horizontal wellbore section with AICD was performed using commercial simulation software (NETool).

After the first pilot was completed, a detailed technical analysis was conducted and based on the early production results from the pilot well showed that AICD completions effectively managed gas production by delaying the gas break through and restricting gas inflow from the reservoir with significant GOR reduction ±40% compared to baseline production performance data from the open hole without AICD thus increasing oil production. The pilot well performed positively to the AICD completion allowing to produce healthy oil and meeting the guidelines. The early production results are in line with NETool simulation modelling, thereby increasing assurance in the methods employed in designing the AICD completion for the well and candidate selection.

This paper discusses the successful AICD completion installation and production operation in pilot well in ADNOC Offshore to manage GOR and produced the well with healthy oil under the set guidelines. This will enable to re-activate wells shut-in due to GOR constraint to help meeting the sustainable field production target.
Adsorption Inhibitor Role in a Constant Salinity Surfactant-Polymer CSSP Flooding Design for an Offshore Field Application
Authors: Abdul Manap Arif Azhan , Zulkifli Nazliah Nazma
Published: December 2021

A base chemical flooding formulation using alkaline-surfactant-polymer (ASP) has been developed for application in offshore environments. The formulation uses combination of conventional alkali (sodium carbonate) with amphoteric surfactant. The field is currently under waterflooding using sea water as injection water. However, since alkali is incompatible with divalent ions in sea water, an alternative formulation using seawater with no additional water treatment is also being developed and considered for application. The alternative formulation uses combination of alkyl propoxy sulfate (APS) and alkyl ethoxy sulfate (AES). Coreflood recovery performance of both formulations is similar.

Without alkali, high surfactant adsorption becomes major concern for the alternative formulation. Thus, an adsorption inhibitor (AI) agent – polyacrylic acid type, is being considered as an additive to address this concern. While AI showed potential in reducing surfactant adsorption and improving oil recovery efficiency, it can also increase overall cost for the surfactant in sea water chemical formulation. Hence, the merit to apply AI was not clearly observed.
Smart and Agile Turnaround Management
Authors: Audrain Philippe
Published: December 2021

Oil&Gas facilities operators are looking for safe and efficient Turnaround cycles with minimum downtime. However planning such project, ensuring availability of materials, of equipment and of skilled personnel, as well as orchestrating the hundreds of processes and stakeholders involved in the execution to keep it on schedule and on budget is a huge and complex challenge. How to handle and take into account what is planned and what is unplanned?

A Turnaround project can be managed with similar approach than an EPC (Engineering Procurement Construction) project. It should leverage collaborative best practices developed to handle capital projects. Those practices allow to plan more productively, to execute with agility while taking into account unplanned changes "on the fly" without affecting on-going activities. A digital collaborative platform enables integrated knowledge as well as real-time visibility into every aspect of the Turnaround. It provides seamless collaboration for productive planning and intelligent execution. This is a strategy, which eliminates unproductive tasks and brings stakeholders together in a dynamic, collaborative management system.

With better orchestration, plant owners and operators can reduce their planning and preparation workload by around 30% with also positive impact on all subcontractors. With a better seamless execution, plant owners and operators can get things done right the first time and recover to unplanned events. They can reduce the risk to be out of schedule and keep on track with more margin. They can even reduce the execution time by up to 5% in some situation. Finally, it enforces the reuse of insights that are gathered along Turnarounds to improve safety and extend by 20% the cycle in future Turnaround.

A 3D collaborative platform provides an easy to use single source of truth to manage and monitor a Turnaround. Using such 3D environment, one can quickly identify the location of an issue where potential bottlenecks occur, and get access to any relevant vendor's specification, inspection or maintenance history report. Such 3D platform can also help to easily track with color-coding the leak test results of the many joints and their potential disturbances after Turnaround inspection.
Procedural Automation of Ethane Recovery to Rejection in NGL Trains
Authors: Sengupta Subhendu , Goveas Vincent
Published: December 2021

This paper is based on successful implementation of procedural automation of Ethane (C2) recovery - rejection mode change using Yokogawa's Exapilot software, wherein ADNONC Gas Processing Habshan 5 & Sulphur management approved the implementation based on similar success of the Sulphur Recover Unit start-up/shutdown procedural automation & company's drive for digitalisation.

Scope was to develop modules for automating C2 Recovery /Rejection change over procedure in NGL unit using M/s Yokogawa Exapilot software.

These automated procedures aimed to standardize said mode change over operations by incorporating the operating know how and the expertise of skilled-experienced operators into the Exapilot system as a set of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) that are executed in right operating sequence for enhanced operating efficiency.

Two main procedures & associated modules were designed, engineered and built using Exapilot to enable single-click change over automation for NGL units. Those were validated with operation and deployed in the Exapilot Server and were integrated with the Operator Consoles (HIS) for access, and was supplemented with operator training.

Ethane Recovery to Rejection Mode Change Ethane Rejection to Recovery Mode Change

Besides standardization and reduced change over time, this improved the critical asset integrity and lifespan of NGL section equipment by advocating systematic operations.

Following benefits including major take away from this project:

➢ Standardized the mode change-over procedures & minimized human error by the digitalization of paper documentation procedures into electronic workflow process. Procedural Automation like Exapilot is powerful tool for digital transformation of batch/discrete operation like unit/equipment start-up/shutdown or grade/mode change over. ➢ Reduced inherent delay due to manual change over. Hence, minimizing the loss-opportunities & operating cost. Besides this tool can be used as training tool (when used in offline mode) which help operator succession plan & effective knowledge transfer ➢ Automated critical operation such as temperature/flow ramping, improved equipment integrity and prolonged equipment life. Procedural Automation using Exapilot thus can improve operation efficiency, asset integrity, equipment or material life span

This paper presents a success story of procedural automation of batch operation in continuation of similar success in SRU start-up & shutdown automation. This tool along with proper integration work with DCS, has opened door for automation/digitalization in batch operation in continuous process not only in other sites of ADNOC Gas Processing and other ADNOC Group Companies but also in other industries that helps companies to enhance efficiency and fulfil their digitalization journey. Though Exapilot software belongs to M/s Yokogawa, however other DCS systems have similar software such as Honeywell DCS EPKS has E-procedure for procedural automation.