bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A 3D Poly(ethylene glycol)-based Tumor Angiogenesis Model to Study the Influence of Vascular Cells on Lung Tumor Cell Behavior
Authors: Roudsari Laila C. , Jeffs Sydney E. , Witt Amber S. , Gill Bartley J. , West Jennifer L.
Published: September 2016

Tumor angiogenesis is critical to tumor growth and metastasis, yet much is unknown about the role vascular cells play in the tumor microenvironment. In vitro models that mimic in vivo tumor neovascularization facilitate exploration of this role. Here we investigated lung adenocarcinoma cancer cells (344SQ) and endothelial and pericyte vascular cells encapsulated in cell-adhesive, proteolytically-degradable poly(ethylene) glycol-based hydrogels. 344SQ in hydrogels formed spheroids and secreted proangiogenic growth factors that significantly increased with exposure to transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), a potent tumor progression-promoting factor. Vascular cells in hydrogels formed tubule networks with localized activated TGF-β1. To study cancer cell-vascular cell interactions, we engineered a 2-layer hydrogel with 344SQ and vascular cell layers. Large, invasive 344SQ clusters (area > 5,000 μm2, circularity < 0.25) developed at the interface between the layers, and were not evident further from the interface or in control hydrogels without vascular cells. A modified model with spatially restricted 344SQ and vascular cell layers confirmed that observed cluster morphological changes required close proximity to vascular cells. Additionally, TGF-β1 inhibition blocked endothelial cell-driven 344SQ migration. Our findings suggest vascular cells contribute to tumor progression and establish this culture system as a platform for studying tumor vascularization.
Expression deregulation of mir31 and CXCL12 in two types of oral precancers and cancer: importance in progression of precancer and cancer
Authors: Chattopadhyay Esita , Singh Richa , Ray Anindita , Roy Roshni , De Sarkar Navonil , Paul Ranjan Rashmi , Pal Mousumi , Aich Ritesh , Roy Bidyut
Published: September 2016

Oral cancer generally progresses from precancerous lesions such as leukoplakia (LK), lichen planus (LP) and oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). Since few of these precancers progress to cancers; it is worth to identify biological molecules that may play important roles in progression. Here, expression deregulation of 7 miRNAs (mir204, mir31, mir31*, mir133a, mir7, mir206 and mir1293) and their possible target genes in 23 cancers, 18 LK, 12 LP, 23 OSMF tissues compared to 20 healthy tissues was determined by qPCR method. Expression of mir7, mir31, mir31* and mir1293 was upregulated and that of mir133a, mir204 and mir206 was downregulated in cancer. Expression of most of these miRNAs was also upregulated in LK and LP tissues but not in OSMF. Expression deregulation of some of the target genes was also determined in cancer, LK and LP tissues. Significant upregulation of mir31 and downregulation of its target gene, CXCL12, in cancer, LK and LP tissues suggest their importance in progression of precancer to cancer. Expression upregulation of mir31 was also validated using GEO data sets. Although sample size is low, novelty of this work lies in studying expression deregulation of miRNAs and target genes in oral cancer and three types of precancerous lesions.
Giant strain control of magnetoelectric effect in Ta|Fe|MgO
Authors: Odkhuu Dorj
Published: September 2016

The exploration of electric field controlled magnetism has come under scrutiny for its intriguing magnetoelectric phenomenon as well as technological advances in spintronics. Herein, the tremendous effect of an epitaxial strain on voltage-controlled perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (VPMA) is demonstrated in a transition-metal|ferromagnet|MgO (TM|FM|MgO) heterostructure from first-principles electronic structure computation. By tuning the epitaxial strain in Ta|Fe|MgO as a model system of TM|FM|MgO, we find distinctly different behaviours of VPMA from V- to Λ-shape trends with a substantially large magnetoelectric coefficient, up to an order of 103 fJV−1m−1. We further reveal that the VPMA modulation under strain is mainly governed by the inherently large spin-orbit coupling of Ta 5d–Fe 3d hybridized orbitals at the TM|FM interface, although the Fe 3d–O 2p hybridization at the FM|MgO interface is partly responsible in determining the PMA of Ta|Fe|MgO. These results suggest that the control of epitaxial strain enables the engineering of VPMA, and provides physical insights for the divergent behaviors of VPMA and magnetoelectric coefficients found in TM|FM|MgO experiments.
Distinct Genetic Influences on Cortical and Subcortical Brain Structures
Authors: Wen Wei , Thalamuthu Anbupalam , Mather Karen A. , Zhu Wanlin , Jiang Jiyang , de Micheaux Pierre Lafaye , Wright Margaret J. , Ames David , Sachdev Perminder S.
Published: September 2016

This study examined the heritability of brain grey matter structures in a subsample of older adult twins (93 MZ and 68 DZ twin pairs; mean age 70 years) from the Older Australian Twins Study. The heritability estimates of subcortical regions ranged from 0.41 (amygdala) to 0.73 (hippocampus), and of cortical regions, from 0.55 (parietal lobe) to 0.78 (frontal lobe). Corresponding structures in the two hemispheres were influenced by the same genetic factors and high genetic correlations were observed between the two hemispheric regions. There were three genetically correlated clusters, comprising (i) the cortical lobes (frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes); (ii) the basal ganglia (caudate, putamen and pallidum) with weak genetic correlations with cortical lobes, and (iii) the amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus and nucleus accumbens grouped together, which genetically correlated with both basal ganglia and cortical lobes, albeit relatively weakly. Our study demonstrates a complex but patterned and clustered genetic architecture of the human brain, with divergent genetic determinants of cortical and subcortical structures, in particular the basal ganglia.
The amyloid fold of Gad m 1 epitopes governs IgE binding
Authors: Sánchez Rosa , Martínez Javier , Castro Ana , Pedrosa María , Quirce Santiago , Rodríguez-Pérez Rosa , Gasset María
Published: September 2016

Amyloids are polymeric structural states formed from locally or totally unfolded protein chains that permit surface reorganizations, stability enhancements and interaction properties that are absent in the precursor monomers. β-Parvalbumin, the major allergen in fish allergy, forms amyloids that are recognized by IgE in the patient sera, suggesting a yet unknown pathological role for these assemblies. We used Gad m 1 as the fish β-parvalbumin model and a combination of approaches, including peptide arrays, recombinant wt and mutant chains, biophysical characterizations, protease digestions, mass spectrometry, dot-blot and ELISA assays to gain insights into the role of amyloids in the IgE interaction. We found that Gad m 1 immunoreactive regions behave as sequence-dependent conformational epitopes that provide a 1000-fold increase in affinity and the structural repetitiveness required for optimal IgE binding and cross-linking upon folding into amyloids. These findings support the amyloid state as a key entity in type I food allergy.
Label-free isolation and deposition of single bacterial cells from heterogeneous samples for clonal culturing
Authors: Riba J. , Gleichmann T. , Zimmermann S. , Zengerle R. , Koltay P.
Published: September 2016

The isolation and analysis of single prokaryotic cells down to 1 μm and less in size poses a special challenge and requires micro-engineered devices to handle volumes in the picoliter to nanoliter range. Here, an advanced Single-Cell Printer (SCP) was applied for automated and label-free isolation and deposition of bacterial cells encapsulated in 35 pl droplets by inkjet-like printing. To achieve this, dispenser chips to generate micro droplets have been fabricated with nozzles 20 μm in size. Further, the magnification of the optical system used for cell detection was increased. Redesign of the optical path allows for collision-free addressing of any flat substrate since no compartment protrudes below the nozzle of the dispenser chip anymore. The improved system allows for deterministic isolation of individual bacterial cells. A single-cell printing efficiency of 93% was obtained as shown by printing fluorescent labeled E. coli. A 96-well plate filled with growth medium is inoculated with single bacteria cells on average within about 8 min. Finally, individual bacterial cells from a heterogeneous sample of E. coli and E. faecalis were isolated for clonal culturing directly on agar plates in user-defined array geometry.
Magnetic fingerprints of rolling cells for quantitative flow cytometry in whole blood
Authors: Reisbeck Mathias , Helou Michael Johannes , Richter Lukas , Kappes Barbara , Friedrich Oliver , Hayden Oliver
Published: September 2016

Over the past 50 years, flow cytometry has had a profound impact on preclinical and clinical applications requiring single cell function information for counting, sub-typing and quantification of epitope expression. At the same time, the workflow complexity and high costs of such optical systems still limit flow cytometry applications to specialized laboratories. Here, we present a quantitative magnetic flow cytometer that incorporates in situ magnetophoretic cell focusing for highly accurate and reproducible rolling of the cellular targets over giant magnetoresistance sensing elements. Time-of-flight analysis is used to unveil quantitative single cell information contained in its magnetic fingerprint. Furthermore, we used erythrocytes as a biological model to validate our methodology with respect to precise analysis of the hydrodynamic cell diameter, quantification of binding capacity of immunomagnetic labels, and discrimination of cell morphology. The extracted time-of-flight information should enable point-of-care quantitative flow cytometry in whole blood for clinical applications, such as immunology and primary hemostasis.
Improved Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Osteogenesis in 3D Bioprinted Tissue Scaffolds with Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Stimulation
Authors: Zhou Xuan , Castro Nathan J. , Zhu Wei , Cui Haitao , Aliabouzar Mitra , Sarkar Kausik , Zhang Lijie Grace
Published: September 2016

3D printing and ultrasound techniques are showing great promise in the evolution of human musculoskeletal tissue repair and regeneration medicine. The uniqueness of the present study was to combine low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) and advanced 3D printing techniques to synergistically improve growth and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Specifically, polyethylene glycol diacrylate bioinks containing cell adhesive Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid-Serene (RGDS) peptide and/or nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (nHA) were used to fabricate 3D scaffolds with different geometric patterns via novel table-top stereolithography 3D printer. The resultant scaffolds provide a highly porous and interconnected 3D environment to support cell proliferation. Scaffolds with small square pores were determined to be the optimal geometric pattern for MSC attachment and growth. The optimal LIPUS working parameters were determined to be 1.5 MHz, 20% duty cycle with 150 mW/cm2intensity. Results demonstrated that RGDS peptide and nHA containing 3D printed scaffolds under LIPUS treatment can greatly promote MSC proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium deposition and total protein content. These results illustrate the effectiveness of the combination of LIPUS and biomimetic 3D printing scaffolds as a valuable combinatorial tool for improved MSC function, thus make them promising for future clinical and various regenerative medicine application.
Structural elucidation and physicochemical properties of mononuclear Uranyl(VI) complexes incorporating dianionic units
Authors: Azam Mohammad , Velmurugan Gunasekaran , Wabaidur Saikh Mohammad , Trzesowska-Kruszynska Agata , Kruszynski Rafal , Al-Resayes Saud I. , Al-Othman Zeid A. , Venuvanalingam Ponnambalam
Published: September 2016

Two derivatives of organouranyl mononuclear complexes [UO2(L)THF] (1) and [UO2(L)Alc] (2), where L = (2,2′-(1E,1′E)-(2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-dyl)bis(azanylylidene, THF = Tetrahydrofuran, Alc = Alcohol), have been prepared. These complexes have been determined by elemental analyses, single crystal X-ray crystallography and various spectroscopic studies. Moreover, the structure of these complexes have also been studied by DFT and time dependent DFT measurements showing that both the complexes have distorted pentagonal bipyramidal environment around uranyl ion. TD-DFT results indicate that the complex 1 displays an intense band at 458.7 nm which is mainly associated to the uranyl centered LMCT, where complex 2 shows a band at 461.8 nm that have significant LMCT character. The bonding has been further analyzed by EDA and NBO. The photocatalytic activity of complexes 1 and 2 for the degradation of rhodamine-B (RhB) and methylene blue (MB) under the irradiation of 500W Xe lamp has been explored, and found more efficient in presence of complex 1 than complex 2 for both dyes. In addition, dye adsorption and photoluminescence properties have also been discussed for both complexes.
Nicotine regulates activity of lateral habenula neurons via presynaptic and postsynaptic mechanisms
Authors: Zuo Wanhong , Xiao Cheng , Gao Ming , Hopf F. Woodward , Krnjević Krešimir , McIntosh J. Michael , Fu Rao , Wu Jie , Bekker Alex , Ye Jiang-Hong
Published: September 2016

There is much interest in brain regions that drive nicotine intake in smokers. Interestingly, both the rewarding and aversive effects of nicotine are probably critical for sustaining nicotine addiction. The medial and lateral habenular (LHb) nuclei play important roles in processing aversion, and recent work has focused on the critical involvement of the LHb in encoding and responding to aversive stimuli. Several neurotransmitter systems are implicated in nicotine’s actions, but very little is known about how nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) regulate LHb activity. Here we report in brain slices that activation of nAChRs depolarizes LHb cells and robustly increases firing, and also potentiates glutamate release in LHb. These effects were blocked by selective antagonists of α6-containing (α6*) nAChRs, and were absent in α6*-nAChR knockout mice. In addition, nicotine activates GABAergic inputs to LHb via α4β2-nAChRs, at lower concentrations but with more rapid desensitization relative to α6*-nAChRs. These results demonstrate the existence of diverse functional nAChR subtypes at presynaptic and postsynaptic sites in LHb, through which nicotine could facilitate or inhibit LHb neuronal activity and thus contribute to nicotine aversion or reward.
Growth characteristics of primary M7C3 carbide in hypereutectic Fe-Cr-C alloy
Authors: Liu Sha , Zhou Yefei , Xing Xiaolei , Wang Jibo , Ren Xuejun , Yang Qingxiang
Published: September 2016

The microstructure of the hypereutectic Fe-Cr-C alloy is observed by optical microscopy (OM). The initial growth morphology, the crystallographic structure, the semi-molten morphology and the stacking faults of the primary M7C3 carbide are observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The in-suit growth process of the primary M7C3 carbide was observed by confocal laser microscope (CLM). It is found that the primary M7C3 carbide in hypereutectic Fe-Cr-C alloy is irregular polygonal shape with several hollows in the center and gaps on the edge. Some primary M7C3 carbides are formed by layers of shell or/and consist of multiple parts. In the initial growth period, the primary M7C3 carbide forms protrusion parallel to {"Equation missing"} crystal planes. The extending and revolving protrusion forms the carbide shell. The electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) maps show that the primary M7C3 carbide consists of multiple parts. The semi-molten M7C3 carbide contains unmelted shell and several small-scale carbides inside, which further proves that the primary M7C3 carbide is not an overall block. It is believed that the coalescence of the primary M7C3 carbides is ascribed to the growing condition of the protrusion and the gap filling process.
Rapid HIV Viral Load Suppression in those Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy at First Visit after HIV Diagnosis
Authors: Hoenigl Martin , Chaillon Antoine , Moore David J. , Morris Sheldon R. , Mehta Sanjay R. , Gianella Sara , Amico K. Rivet , Little Susan J.
Published: September 2016

Expert guidelines for antiretroviral therapy (ART) now recommend ART as soon as possible in all HIV infected persons to reduce the risk of disease progression and prevent transmission. The goal of this observational study was to evaluate the impact of very early ART initiation and regimen type on time to viral suppression. We evaluated time to viral suppression among 86 persons with newly-diagnosed HIV infection who initiated ART within 30 days of diagnosis. A total of 36 (42%) had acute, 27 (31%) early, and 23 (27%) had established HIV infection. The median time from an offer of immediate ART to starting ART was 8 days. A total of 56/86 (65%) initiated an integrase inhibitor-based regimen and 30/86 (35%) a protease inhibitor-based regimen. The time to viral suppression was significantly shorter in those receiving an integrase inhibitor- versus a protease inhibitor-based regimen (p = 0.022). Twenty-two (26%) initiated ART at their HIV care intake visit and 79% of these participants achieved viral suppression at week 12, 82% at week 24 and 88% at week 48. ART initiated at the intake visit led to rapid and reliable viral suppression in acute, early and chronic HIV infection, in particular when integrase inhibitor-based regimens were used.
Cold welding of gold nanoparticles on mica substrate: Self-adjustment and enhanced diffusion
Authors: Cha Song-Hyun , Park Youmie , Han Jeong Woo , Kim Kyeounghak , Kim Hyun-Seok , Jang Hong-Lae , Cho Seonho
Published: September 2016

From the images of HR-TEM, FE-SEM, and AFM, the cold welding of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on a mica substrate is observed. The cold-welded gold nanoparticles of 25 nm diameters are found on the mica substrate in AFM measurement whereas the size of cold welding is limited to 10 nm for nanowires and 2~3 nm for nanofilms. Contrary to the nanowires requiring pressure, the AuNPs are able to rotate freely due to the attractive forces from the mica substrate and thus the cold welding goes along by adjusting lattice structures. The gold nanoparticles on the mica substrate are numerically modeled and whose physical characteristics are obtained by the molecular dynamic simulations of LAMMPS. The potential and kinetic energies of AuNPs on the mica substrate provide sufficient energy to overcome the diffusion barrier of gold atoms. After the cold welding, the regularity of lattice structure is maintained since the rotation of AuNPs is allowed due to the presence of mica substrate. It turns out that the growth of AuNPs can be controlled arbitrarily and the welded region is nearly perfect and provides the same crystal orientation and strength as the rest of the nanostructures.
Dramatic enhancement of superconductivity in single-crystalline nanowire arrays of Sn
Authors: Zhang Ying , Wong Chi Ho , Shen Junying , Sze Sin Ting , Zhang Bing , Zhang Haijing , Dong Yan , Xu Hui , Yan Zifeng , Li Yingying , Hu Xijun , Lortz Rolf
Published: September 2016

Sn is a classical superconductor on the border between type I and type II with critical temperature of 3.7 K. We show that its critical parameters can be dramatically increased if it is brought in the form of loosely bound bundles of thin nanowires. The specific heat displays a pronounced double phase transition at 3.7 K and 5.5 K, which we attribute to the inner ‘bulk’ contribution of the nanowires and to the surface contribution, respectively. The latter is visible only because of the large volume fraction of the surface layer in relation to the bulk volume. The upper transition coincides with the onset of the resistive transition, while zero resistance is gradually approached below the lower transition. In contrast to the low critical field Hc = 0.03 T of Sn in its bulk form, a magnetic field of more than 3 T is required to fully restore the normal state.
Gamma radiation at a human relevant low dose rate is genotoxic in mice
Authors: Graupner Anne , Eide Dag M. , Instanes Christine , Andersen Jill M. , Brede Dag A. , Dertinger Stephen D. , Lind Ole C. , Brandt-Kjelsen Anicke , Bjerke Hans , Salbu Brit , Oughton Deborah , Brunborg Gunnar , Olsen Ann K.
Published: September 2016

Even today, 70 years after Hiroshima and accidents like in Chernobyl and Fukushima, we still have limited knowledge about the health effects of low dose rate (LDR) radiation. Despite their human relevance after occupational and accidental exposure, only few animal studies on the genotoxic effects of chronic LDR radiation have been performed. Selenium (Se) is involved in oxidative stress defence, protecting DNA and other biomolecules from reactive oxygen species (ROS). It is hypothesised that Se deficiency, as it occurs in several parts of the world, may aggravate harmful effects of ROS-inducing stressors such as ionising radiation. We performed a study in the newly established LDR-facility Figaro on the combined effects of Se deprivation and LDR γ exposure in DNA repair knockout mice (Ogg1−/−) and control animals (Ogg1+/−). Genotoxic effects were seen after continuous radiation (1.4 mGy/h) for 45 days. Chromosomal damage (micronucleus), phenotypic mutations (Pig-a gene mutation of RBCCD24−) and DNA lesions (single strand breaks/alkali labile sites) were significantly increased in blood cells of irradiated animals, covering three types of genotoxic activity. This study demonstrates that chronic LDR γ radiation is genotoxic in an exposure scenario realistic for humans, supporting the hypothesis that even LDR γ radiation may induce cancer.
A novel algorithm for a precise analysis of subchondral bone alterations
Authors: Gao Liang , Orth Patrick , Goebel Lars K. H. , Cucchiarini Magali , Madry Henning
Published: September 2016

Subchondral bone alterations are emerging as considerable clinical problems associated with articular cartilage repair. Their analysis exposes a pattern of variable changes, including intra-lesional osteophytes, residual microfracture holes, peri-hole bone resorption, and subchondral bone cysts. A precise distinction between them is becoming increasingly important. Here, we present a tailored algorithm based on continuous data to analyse subchondral bone changes using micro-CT images, allowing for a clear definition of each entity. We evaluated this algorithm using data sets originating from two large animal models of osteochondral repair. Intra-lesional osteophytes were detected in 3 of 10 defects in the minipig and in 4 of 5 defects in the sheep model. Peri-hole bone resorption was found in 22 of 30 microfracture holes in the minipig and in 17 of 30 microfracture holes in the sheep model. Subchondral bone cysts appeared in 1 microfracture hole in the minipig and in 5 microfracture holes in the sheep model (n = 30 holes each). Calculation of inter-rater agreement (90% agreement) and Cohen’s kappa (kappa = 0.874) revealed that the novel algorithm is highly reliable, reproducible, and valid. Comparison analysis with the best existing semi-quantitative evaluation method was also performed, supporting the enhanced precision of this algorithm.
Associations of Bowel Movement Frequency with Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality among US Women
Authors: Ma Wenjie , Li Yanping , Heianza Yoriko , Staller Kyle D. , Chan Andrew T. , Rimm Eric B. , Rexrode Kathryn M. , Qi Lu
Published: September 2016

Emerging evidence suggests a potential impact of gastrointestinal function on cardiometabolic risk. Abnormal bowel movements have been related to various cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, and altered metabolism of bile acids and gut microbiota. However, little is known about whether bowel movement frequency affects risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. In the Nurses’ Health Study, bowel movement frequency was self-reported in 1982 by 86,289 women free from CVD and cancer. During up to 30 years of follow-up, we documented 7,628 incident CVD cases and 21,084 deaths. After adjustment for dietary intake, lifestyle, medication use, and other risk factors, as compared with women with daily bowel movement, having bowel movements more than once daily was significantly associated with increased risk of CVD (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–1.21), total mortality (HR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.12–1.22), and cardiovascular mortality (HR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.07–1.28). With further adjustment for body mass index and diabetes status, the association with total mortality remained significant (HR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.06–1.15), whereas the associations with incident CVD and cardiovascular mortality were no longer significant. Our results suggest increased bowel movement frequency is a potential risk factor for premature mortality.
Flexible optofluidic waveguide platform with multi-dimensional reconfigurability
Authors: Parks Joshua W. , Schmidt Holger
Published: September 2016

Dynamic reconfiguration of photonic function is one of the hallmarks of optofluidics. A number of approaches have been taken to implement optical tunability in microfluidic devices. However, a device architecture that allows for simultaneous high-performance microfluidic fluid handling as well as dynamic optical tuning has not been demonstrated. Here, we introduce such a platform based on a combination of solid- and liquid-core polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) waveguides that also provides fully functioning microvalve-based sample handling. A combination of these waveguides forms a liquid-core multimode interference waveguide that allows for multi-modal tuning of waveguide properties through core liquids and pressure/deformation. We also introduce a novel lifting-gate lightvalve that simultaneously acts as a fluidic microvalve and optical waveguide, enabling mechanically reconfigurable light and fluid paths and seamless incorporation of controlled particle analysis. These new functionalities are demonstrated by an optical switch with >45 dB extinction ratio and an actuatable particle trap for analysis of biological micro- and nanoparticles.
Large-scale mass spectrometry-based analysis of Euplotes octocarinatus supports the high frequency of +1 programmed ribosomal frameshift
Authors: Wang Ruanlin , Zhang Zhiyun , Du Jun , Fu Yuejun , Liang Aihua
Published: September 2016

Programmed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF) is commonly used to express many viral and some cellular genes. We conducted a genome-wide investigation of +1 PRF in ciliate Euplotes octocarinatus through genome and transcriptome sequencing and our results demonstrated that approximately 11.4% of genes require +1 PRF to produce complete gene products. While nucleic acid-based evidence for candidate genes with +1 PRF is strong, only very limited information is available at protein levels to date. In this study, E. octocarinatus was subjected to large-scale mass spectrometry-based analysis to verify the high frequency of +1 PRF and 226 +1 PRF gene products were identified. Based on the amino acid sequences of the peptides spanning the frameshift sites, typical frameshift motif AAA-UAR for +1 PRF in Euplotes was identified. Our data in this study provide very useful insight into the understanding of the molecular mechanism of +1 PRF.
Anxiety and depression with neurogenesis defects in exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 2-deficient mice are ameliorated by a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, Prozac
Authors: Zhou L , Ma S L , Yeung P K K , Wong Y H , Tsim K W K , So K F , Lam L C W , Chung S K
Published: September 2016

Intracellular cAMP and serotonin are important modulators of anxiety and depression. Fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) also known as Prozac, is widely used against depression, potentially by activating cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and increasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) through protein kinase A (PKA). However, the role of Epac1 and Epac2 (Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factors, RAPGEF3 and RAPGEF4, respectively) as potential downstream targets of SSRI/cAMP in mood regulations is not yet clear. Here, we investigated the phenotypes of Epac1 (Epac1−/−) or Epac2 (Epac2−/−) knockout mice by comparing them with their wild-type counterparts. Surprisingly, Epac2−/−mice exhibited a wide range of mood disorders, including anxiety and depression with learning and memory deficits in contextual and cued fear-conditioning tests without affecting Epac1 expression or PKA activity. Interestingly, rs17746510, one of the three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) inRAPGEF4associated with cognitive decline in Chinese Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients, was significantly correlated with apathy and mood disturbance, whereas no significant association was observed betweenRAPGEF3SNPs and the risk of AD or neuropsychiatric inventory scores. To further determine the detailed role of Epac2 in SSRI/serotonin/cAMP-involved mood disorders, we treated Epac2−/−mice with a SSRI, Prozac. The alteration in open field behavior and impaired hippocampal cell proliferation in Epac2−/−mice were alleviated by Prozac. Taken together, Epac2 gene polymorphism is a putative risk factor for mood disorders in AD patients in part by affecting the hippocampal neurogenesis.
Genome-wide association study of antisocial personality disorder
Authors: Rautiainen M-R , Paunio T , Repo-Tiihonen E , Virkkunen M , Ollila H M , Sulkava S , Jolanki O , Palotie A , Tiihonen J
Published: September 2016

The pathophysiology of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) remains unclear. Although the most consistent biological finding is reduced grey matter volume in the frontal cortex, about 50% of the total liability to developing ASPD has been attributed to genetic factors. The contributing genes remain largely unknown. Therefore, we sought to study the genetic background of ASPD. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and a replication analysis of Finnish criminal offenders fulfilling DSM-IV criteria for ASPD (N=370, N=5850 for controls, GWAS; N=173, N=3766 for controls and replication sample). The GWAS resulted in suggestive associations of two clusters of single-nucleotide polymorphisms at 6p21.2 and at 6p21.32 at the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region. Imputation of HLA alleles revealed an independent association with DRB1*01:01 (odds ratio (OR)=2.19 (1.53–3.14), P=1.9 × 10-5). Two polymorphisms at 6p21.2 LINC00951–LRFN2 gene region were replicated in a separate data set, and rs4714329 reached genome-wide significance (OR=1.59 (1.37–1.85), P=1.6 × 10−9) in the meta-analysis. The risk allele also associated with antisocial features in the general population conditioned for severe problems in childhood family (β=0.68, P=0.012). Functional analysis in brain tissue in open access GTEx and Braineac databases revealed eQTL associations of rs4714329 with LINC00951 and LRFN2 in cerebellum. In humans, LINC00951 and LRFN2 are both expressed in the brain, especially in the frontal cortex, which is intriguing considering the role of the frontal cortex in behavior and the neuroanatomical findings of reduced gray matter volume in ASPD. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing genome-wide significant and replicable findings on genetic variants associated with any personality disorder.
Representative subset selection and outlier detection via isolation forest
Authors: Chen Wo-Ruo , Yun Yong-Huan , Wen Ming , Lu Hong-Mei , Zhang Zhi-Min , Liang Yi-Zeng
Published: September 2016

A new algorithm, Isolation forest Outlier detection and Subset selection (IOS), has been proposed, which can simultaneously detect outliers and select representative subsets.
Evaluation of a high-resolution micro-sized magic angle spinning (HRμMAS) probe for NMR-based metabolomic studies of nanoliter samples
Authors: Duong Nghia Tuan , Endo Yuki , Nemoto Takahiro , Kato Hiroshi , Bouzier-Sore Anne-Karine , Nishiyama Yusuke , Wong Alan
Published: September 2016

This study reports the performance of a 1 mm HRμMAS NMR micro-probe for metabolomic studies.
Designing a biostable L-DNAzyme for lead(ii) ion detection in practical samples
Authors: Liang Hao , Xie Sitao , Cui Liang , Wu Cuichen , Zhang Xiaobing
Published: September 2016

We have constructed a nuclease resistant sensor based on L-DNAzyme for Pd2+ detection in real water samples and serum solutions.
Thermoregulated phase-transfer iridium nanoparticle catalyst: highly selective hydrogenation of the CO bond for α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and the CC bond for α,β-unsaturated ketones
Authors: Li Wenjiang , Wang Yanhua , Chen Pu , Zeng Min , Jiang Jingyang , Jin Zilin
Published: September 2016

Thermoregulated phase-transfer iridium nanoparticles exhibited a totally different hydrogenation orientation for α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones.
Increasing the triplet lifetime and extending the ground-state absorption of biscyclometalated Ir(iii) complexes for reverse saturable absorption and photodynamic therapy applications
Authors: Wang Chengzhe , Lystrom Levi , Yin Huimin , Hetu Marc , Kilina Svetlana , McFarland Sherri A. , Sun Wenfang
Published: September 2016

Tuning the photophysics of cationic Ir(iii) complexes via π-expansive ligands dramatically impacts their applications as broadband reverse saturable absorbers and in photodynamic therapy and theranostics.
Synthesis and molecular structure of a spheroidal binary nanoscale copper sulfide cluster
Authors: Bestgen Sebastian , Fuhr Olaf , Roesky Peter W. , Fenske Dieter
Published: September 2016

The reaction of copper (4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)methanethiolate with S(SiMe3)2in the presence of triphenylphosphine yields to the formation of the 52 nuclear copper cluster [Cu52S12(SCH2C6H4tBu)28(PPh3)8]. The molecular structure of this intensely red coloured nanoscale Cu2S mimic was established by single crystal X-ray diffraction.
Intake of cookies made with buriti oil (Mauritia flexuosa) improves vitamin A status and lipid profiles in young rats
Authors: Aquino Jailane de Souza , Vasconcelos Maria Helena de Araújo , Pessoa Débora Catarine Nepomuceno de Pontes , Soares Juliana Késsia Barbosa , Prado João Paulo de Sousa , Mascarenhas Robson de Jesus , Magnani Marciane , Stamford Tânia Lúcia Montenegro
Published: September 2016

The oil extracted fromMauritia flexuosa(buriti) is rich in vitamin A, tocopherols and unsaturated fatty acids.
Design of recombinant whole-cell catalysts for double reduction of CC and CO bonds in enals and application in the synthesis of Guerbet alcohols as industrial bulk chemicals for lubricants
Authors: Biermann Marc , Bakonyi Daniel , Hummel Werner , Gröger Harald
Published: September 2016

Whole-cell catalysts overexpressing two enzymes for a double reduction cascade in which aliphatic α-branched α,β-unsaturated aldehydes are converted into Guerbet alcohols as a highly demanded class of lubricants were constructed and applied in such biotransformations.
Safety first
Authors: Sneddon Helen F.
Published: September 2016

Editorial on the principle that substances and the forms of a substance used in a chemical process should be chosen so as to minimize the potential for chemical accidents, including releases, explosions, and fires.
Nanostructured Co(ii)-based MOFs as promising anodes for advanced lithium storage
Authors: Ge Danhua , Peng Jie , Qu Genlong , Geng Hongbo , Deng Yaoyao , Wu Junjie , Cao Xueqin , Zheng Junwei , Gu Hongwei
Published: September 2016

A novel kind of Co-containing metal–organic frameworks (Co-BTC MOFs) are firstly developed as anodes for LIBs with excellent electrochemical performance.
Biphenyl urea derivatives as selective CYP1B1 inhibitors
Authors: Mohd Siddique Mohd Usman , McCann Glen J. P. , Sonawane Vinay , Horley Neill , Williams Ibidapo Steven , Joshi Prashant , Bharate Sandip B. , Jayaprakash Venkatesan , Sinha Barij N. , Chaudhuri Bhabatosh
Published: September 2016

Herein, we report the discovery of ‘biphenyl ureas’ as selective CYP1B1 inhibitors.
A logic gate for external regulation of photopolymerization
Authors: Shanmugam Sivaprakash , Xu Jiangtao , Boyer Cyrille
Published: September 2016

The use of photocatalysts for visible light mediated reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) provides an efficient route for the synthesis of well-defined polymers with spatial, temporal and sequence control.
Electrically active nanoantenna array enabled by varying the molecular orientation of an interfaced liquid crystal
Authors: Hsiao Yu-Cheng , Su Chen-Wei , Yang Zong-Han , Cheypesh Yevheniia I. , Yang Jhen-Hong , Reshetnyak Victor Yu. , Chen Kuo-Ping , Lee Wei
Published: September 2016

An electro-optical cell comprising a gold nanoantenna array covered with high-birefringence liquid crystal permits tunability in wavelength of surface plasmonic resonance up to 90 nm.
Shape-selective synthesis of NiO nanostructures for hydrazine oxidation as a nonenzymatic amperometric sensor
Authors: Vikraman Dhanasekaran , Park Hui Joon
Published: September 2016

In this work, we demonstrate the shape-dependent electrocatalytic activity of NiO NPs towards hydrazine oxidation.
Tuneable luminescence and morphology of an amphiphilic platinum(ii) complex via the incorporation of a cationic surfactant
Authors: Zheng Xiaorui , Wang Haiyang , Li Yuan
Published: September 2016

A new amphiphilic platinum(ii) complex containing a quaternary ammonium group had been synthesized successfully.
Preparation of neutral red functionalized Fe3O4@SiO2 and its application to the magnetic solid phase extraction of trace Hg(ii) from environmental water samples
Authors: Wu Chunlai , Zhu Guifen , Fan Jing , Wang Jianji
Published: September 2016

Trace level of Hg(ii) was extracted from water by neutral red functionalized Fe3O4@SiO2 based on the electrostatic and coordinate interactions of Hg(ii) with neutral red.
LaNiO3-nanorod/graphene composite as an efficient bi-functional catalyst for zinc–air batteries
Authors: Hu Jie , Liu Qiunan , Shi Ziwei , Zhang Liang , Huang Hao
Published: September 2016

LaNiO3-nanorod/graphene composites possess excellent bifunctional electrocatalytic activity and good electrochemical stability for zinc–air batteries.
Self-assembly of multifunctional integrated nanoparticles loaded with a methotrexate–phospholipid complex: combining simplicity and efficacy in both targeting and anticancer effects
Authors: Li Yanxiu , Lin Jinyan , Liu Guihua , Li Yang , Song Liang , Fan Zhongxiong , Zhu Xuan , Su Guanghao , Hou Zhenqing
Published: September 2016

Self-assembly of multifunctional integrated nanoparticles loaded with methotrexate-phospholipid complex have both targeting and anticancer effect to FA receptors overexpressed cancer cells.
Selenium and benzeneselenol interaction with Cu(111)
Authors: Jiang Tingming , Tong Yongfeng , Bendounan Azzedine , Nicolas François , Kubsky Stefan , Esaulov Vladimir A.
Published: September 2016

Benzeneselenol (BSe) and Selenium interaction with a Cu(111) surface was studied to investigate adsorption characteristics, molecular orientation and possibility of Se–C bond scission leading to atomic Se presence on the surface.
p-Nitrophenol degradation and microbial community structure in a biocathode bioelectrochemical system
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Xing Defeng , Ren Nanqi
Published: September 2016

The biocathode bioelectrochemical system (bioc-BES) was used forp-nitrophenol (PNP) degradation with sodium bicarbonate as the carbon source.
High-temperature stability of silver nanoparticles geometrically confined in the nanoscale pore channels of anodized aluminum oxide for SERS in harsh environments
Authors: Chen Hui , Ohodnicki Paul , Baltrus John P. , Holcomb Gordon , Tylczak Joseph , Du Henry
Published: September 2016

Nanoscale pore channels of anodized aluminum oxide to endow entrapped silver nanoparticles within with structural and oxidation stability for potential surface-enhanced Raman scattering at elevated temperatures.
Water-soluble β-aminobisulfonate building blocks for pH and Cu2+ indicators
Authors: Cardona Maria A. , Kveder Marina , Baisch Ulrich , Probert Michael R. , Magri David C.
Published: September 2016

Two phenyl β-aminobisulfonate ligands characterised by UV-visible absorption, EPR and 1H NMR spectroscopy exhibit evidence for binding with Cu2+ in water and methanol.
Sampbenzophenones A–G, prenylated benzoylphloroglucinol derivatives from Hypericum sampsonii
Authors: Zhu Hucheng , Chen Chunmei , Tan Dongdong , Li Dongyan , Guo Yi , Wei Guangzheng , Zhang Jinwen , Wang Jianping , Luo Zengwei , Xue Yongbo , Zhang Yonghui
Published: September 2016

Seven prenylated benzoylphloroglucinol derivatives, named sampbenzophenones A–G (1–7), together with two known analogues (8 and 9), were isolated from the aerial parts of Hypericum sampsonii.
Theophylline as the catalyst for the diastereoselective synthesis of trans-1,2-dihydrobenzo[a]furo[2,3-c]phenazines in water
Authors: Yazdani-Elah-Abadi Afshin , Mohebat Razieh , Maghsoodlou Malek-Taher
Published: September 2016

Theophylline-catalyzed efficient and environmentally benign procedure for the diastereoselective synthesis oftrans-1,2-dihydrobenzo[a]furo[2,3-c]phenazines with pyridinium ylide assisted domino reaction in water.
First report on a BODIPY-based fluorescent probe for sensitive detection of oxytetracycline: application for the rapid determination of oxytetracycline in milk, honey and pork
Authors: Xu Zhiqun , Yi Xiaofeng , Wu Qiao , Zhu Yincan , Ou Minrui , Xu Xiaoping
Published: September 2016

An effective solution for oxytetracycline detection in actual food samples by a novel BODIPY-based fluorescent probe.
Determination of the STM tip-graphene repulsive forces by comparative STM and AFM measurements on suspended graphene
Authors: Pálinkás András , Molnár György , Hwang Chanyong , Biró László Péter , Osváth Zoltán
Published: September 2016

Repulsive forces of the order of 10−8 N occur between the STM tip and graphene under ambient imaging conditions.
Lignin-ester derivatives as novel thermoplastic materials
Authors: Gordobil Oihana , Robles Eduardo , Egüés Itziar , Labidi Jalel
Published: September 2016

Biobased products such as lignin and cellulose were used to develop eco-friendly thermoplastic composites with interesting thermal and mechanical properties.
Facile fabrication of sulfur entrapped carbonized material as a cathode for high-performance lithium batteries
Authors: Du Kaifeng , Zhang Qi
Published: September 2016

Here, we reported the synthesis of a sulfur-carbonized PAN composite material (SPC) for Li–S batteries by the direct reaction of PAN with sulfur in DMSO solvent and followed by calcination at 500 °C under an N2 environment.
Correction: New zinc(ii) dyes with enhanced two-photon absorption cross sections based on the imidazolyl ligand
Authors: Liu Dan , Zhang Na , Zhang Xinyu , Kong Shuai , Yu Jianhua , Wu Zhichao , Wu Jieying , Tian Yupeng , Zhou Hongping
Published: September 2016

Correction for ‘New zinc(ii) dyes with enhanced two-photon absorption cross sections based on the imidazolyl ligand’ by Dan Liu et al., RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 77849–77853.
Improved properties of composite collagen hydrogels: protected oligourethanes and silica particles as modulators
Authors: Claudio-Rizo Jesús A. , Rangel-Argote Magdalena , Muñoz-González Pedro U. , Castellano Laura E. , Delgado Jorge , Gonzalez-García Gerardo , Mata-Mata José L. , Mendoza-Novelo Birzabith
Published: September 2016

This paper reports the structure–property relationship of novel biomedical hydrogels derived from collagen, water-soluble oligourethanes, and silica.
Covalent crosslinking of graphene oxide and carbon nanotube into hydrogels enhances nerve cell responses
Authors: Liu Xifeng , Miller II A. Lee , Park Sungjo , Waletzki Brian E. , Terzic Andre , Yaszemski Michael J. , Lu Lichun
Published: September 2016

Chemically crosslinking GOa and CNTpega followed byin situreduction fabricated a conductive rGOa–CNTpega–OPF hydrogel that strongly stimulated neurite growth.
AMgPO4·6H2O (A = Rb, Cs): strong SHG responses originated from orderly PO4groups
Authors: Zhou Yuqiao , Cao Liling , Lin Chensheng , Luo Min , Yan Tao , Ye Ning , Cheng Wendan
Published: September 2016

Two UV NLO phosphatesAMgPO4·6H2O (A = Rb, Cs) were synthesized by a soft hydrothermal method.
The adjustment of bandgap and coplanarity of diketopyrrolopyrrole-based copolymers through fine-tuning of the conjugated backbones and applications in thin film field effect transistors
Authors: Sun Jibin , Liu Zitong , Luo Hewei , Yang Sifen , Yao Jingjing , Zhang Guanxin , Zhang Deqing
Published: September 2016

Three new diketopyrrolopyrrole-based copolymers are presented for demonstrating the influence of structural fine-tuning on bandgap and semiconductor performance.
Efficiency of Melatonin as Compared to Pentobarbital for Audiometry Brainstem Response in Children With Associated Disorders
Authors: Guerlain Joanne , Paul Antoine , Rouillon Isabelle , Parodi Marine , Garabedian Erea Noel , Loundon Natalie
Published: September 2016

Purpose

Outpatient pediatric audiometry brainstem response (ABR) uses various techniques (no drug, hydroxyzine, pentobarbital, melatonin). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of melatonin as compared to pentobarbital in children with associated disorders.

Method

This was a retrospective study that took place in a tertiary care center. Eighty-three children (34 girls and 49 boys) had performed ABR under pentobarbital (GPent) or melatonin (GMel) between 2013 and 2014 and were included. All children had associated neurological or behavioral disorders or had failed a previous ABR using another technique. Success rate, defined as completed binaural investigation, delay, and duration of sleep (minutes), as well as side effects, were compared between GPent and GMel.

Results

There were 56 patients in GMel and 27 in GPent, with a mean age at test of 3 years and 10 months (1–13 years) and 4 years and 1 month (1–14.5 years), respectively. Success rate was 76.8% and 88.8%, respectively (
p
> .05), sleep duration was 23 and 153 min (
p
< .0001), and mean delay was 35 and 54 min. No side effects have been reported.

Conclusions

Melatonin is a drug widely used, particularly for electroencephalogram in children.
S
leep duration allowed a success rate that was comparable to pentobarbital. Melatonin seems to be an efficient alternative to pentobarbital for pediatric ABR.
Wide‐band radar cross‐section reduction for antenna using frequency selective absorber
Authors: Li Yang , Zhang Kunzhe , Yang Linan , Du Lin
Published: September 2016

This Letter presents a new method for radar cross‐section reduction (RCSR) of patch antenna in the case of glancing incidence (θ ≥ 70°). The reduction is realised by using frequency selective absorber which consists of lumped capacitance, inductance and resistance. Series inductances and capacitances act as frequency selectors and lumped resistances act as absorbers. By controlling the value of LRC, the circuit can only absorb the power of induced current generated by plane wave without affecting the radiation current. Considering the distribution effect of antenna, the number and position of LRC circuit must be carefully selected. Simulated and measured results show that in the case of glancing incidence, the RCS of antenna can be reduced in the angular range of −180° ≤ φ ≤ + 180° from 8 to 18 GHz. The average reduction of RCS is more than 15 dB and the maximum reduction is as far as 30 dB. Meanwhile, the gain of antenna can be well maintained.
Positioning evaluation of tendon‐driven flexible manipulators based on interval analysis
Authors: Tan N. , Ren H.
Published: September 2016

Tendon‐driven flexible manipulators have diverse applications. However, kinematic errors are one of main sources of the positioning inaccuracy for the manipulators. An interval‐analysis‐based approach is applied to evaluate the positioning performance by imposing bounds on the kinematic parameters and control input. Simulation results confirm that the calculated intervals and refined bounds fully enclose the tip positions.