bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of chip pretreatment and feeding segments on specific energy and pulp quality in TMP production
Authors: Sandberg Christer , Nelsson Erik , Engberg Birgitta A. , Berg Jan-Erik , Engstrand Per
Published: August 2018

Increased wood softening and refining intensity have earlier been utilized to improve refining efficiency in mechanical pulping. We have evaluated a combination of increased softening by low dose sulphite chip pretreatment and increased intensity by feeding segment design in a TMP line for production of high quality printing papers.

Norway spruce wood chips were preheated, compressed in an Impressafiner and impregnated with water or sodium sulphite solutions (Na2SO3 charges 3.6 and 7.2 kg/t). Chips were refined in two parallel 68” double disc refiners using two different refining conditions: standard bidirectional segments at normal production rate (9 t/h) and feeding segments at increased production rate (11.1–12.1 t/h).

The feeding segments enabled a 30 % increase in production rate. Refining with feeding segments at 12.1 t/h production rate combined with chip pretreatment with 3.6 kg/t sodium sulphite reduced the specific energy 360 kWh/t (19 %) compared to refining with standard segments and no pretreatment. Pulp properties were similar for the two configurations. The combination of feeding segments and chip pretreatment with water reduced the specific energy 180 kWh/t (9 %). Implementation of most of the technology presented has reduced the electrical energy use for the mill by approximately 80 GWh/year.
Supramolecular association in the triclinic (Z′=1) and monoclinic (Z′=4) polymorphs of 4-(4-acetylphenyl)piperazin-1-ium 2-amino-4-nitrobenzoate
Authors: Jotani Mukesh M. , Wardell James L. , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: August 2018

Crystallography reveals two polymorphs for the salt [4-(4-acetylphenyl)piperazin-1-ium][2-amino-4-nitrobenzoate], a monoclinic form (2; modelled as P21/n with Z′=4) formed directly from the reaction mixture, and a triclinic form (1; Z′=1) isolated from recrystallisation. Relatively minor differences are noted in the conformations of the anions and of the cations, mainly relating to the twist of, respectively, the carboxylate groups and piperazin-1-ium rings with respect to the phenyl rings they are connected to. The key feature of the packing of both forms is the formation of charge-assisted ammonium-N–H···O (carboxylate) hydrogen bonds which lead to cyclic 12-membered {···HNH ···OCO}2 synthons in the case of 1 but, supramolecular chains in 2. The three-dimensional architecture in the crystal of 1 is further stabilised by amine-N–H···O (nitro) and amine-N–H···O (acetyl) hydrogen bonds, leading to double-layers in the bc-plane, which are linked along the a-axis by methylene-C–H···O (carboxylate) and π-stacking interactions. The combination of ammonium-N–H···O (carboxylate) and amine-N–H···O (carboxylate, acetyl) hydrogen bonds consolidate the three-dimensional packing in the crystal of 2. The greater crystal density, packing efficiency and calculated lattice energy for 1 compared with 2, suggest the former to be the thermodynamically most stable crystal. An analysis of the Hirshfeld surfaces for 1 and 2 reveal distinctive features that differentiate between the constituents of the two forms and between the ions comprising the asymmetric unit of 2.
Orthoamide und Iminiumsalze, XCIVa. Kondensationsreaktion von Orthoamiden von Alkincarbonsäuren mit 2-Methyl-5-phenacyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolen
Authors: Kantlehner Willi , Edelmann Kai , Frey Wolfgang
Published: August 2018

The ketene aminals 9a–e can be prepared from the orthoamide of propiolic acid 6a and 2-methyl-5-phenacyl-1,3,4-thiadiazoles 8a–e under mild conditions. The crystal structure analyses of 9b and 9d reveal that compounds 9 can be regarded as 1,4-dipoles (push-pull-substituted butadienes). Surprisingly, the analogous reactions of the orthoamides 6b,c with the thiadiazoles 8a–c give rise to the formation of 1,2-dihydro-pyridin-2-thiones 13a–j. The constitution of the compounds 13 was confirmed by crystal structure analyses of the compounds 13c,f,g,i.
Measurement of Temperature-Dependent Bound Water in Clays
Authors: Zymnis Despina M. , Whittle Andrew J. , Germaine John T.
Published: August 2018

Heating of clay under drained conditions results in thermal expansion of the soil minerals and pore water and can also cause a change in the soil fabric, producing irrecoverable deformations. These deformations are most pronounced for normally and lightly overconsolidated clays that undergo significant net compression and have been attributed to changes of the adsorbed or bound water layer with temperature. The current article quantifies the change in bound water content through laboratory measurements of temperature dependence in the specific gravity of solid particles while accounting for the thermal expansion of the soil constituents. The experiments compare changes for three representative clays of differing mineralogy at temperatures ranging from 20°C to 38°C. The laboratory experiments confirm that the specific gravity of clay decreases with temperature consistent with the conversion of bound water to free water, while accounting for the thermal expansion of the pore water. The density of oven-dried solid particles obtained from gas pycnometer measurements is also lower than the value obtained from typical water submersion methods because of the existence of the bound water layer. We interpret the experimental measurements assuming a mass density of bound water and an exponential decay of bound water content with temperature. Using these assumptions, we show that the thickness of the bound water layer decreases from 9 Å at 20°C to 6 Å at 40°C for three clays of widely differing mineralogy.
Soil–Water Characteristic Curve and Permeability Function of Recycled Concrete Aggregates Coated with Oil or Wax
Authors: Rahardjo Harianto , Prasad Arun , Krisnanto Sugeng , Leong Eng-Choon , Wang Chien Looi
Published: August 2018

Recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) is known to be a hydrophilic material. An attempt has been made to convert RCA into a hydrophobic material by coating it separately with oil or wax. Both oil and wax are known to increase the hydrophobicity of soil. Although the soil–water characteristic curve (SWCC) and permeability function of coarse-grained aggregates have been investigated, the effect of the introduction of hydrophobicity (coating it with oil or wax) into the coarse aggregates to their SWCC and permeability function has not been fully understood. The SWCC indicates that coating RCA with oil or wax modifies the drying and wetting curves as compared with RCA without any coating. The air-entry values and water-entry values are also modified upon coating. RCAs coated with oil or wax were found to prevent ingress of water during the wetting test for SWCC. The permeability function of RCAs is also modified.
Effect of Experimental Variables on Nanomechanical Properties of PEK-C via AFM Indentation
Authors: Yao Jiawei , Liu Mengyao , Niu Yifan
Published: August 2018

In order to investigate the effects of the experimental variables of nanoindentation measurements on the nanomechanical properties of PEK-C, a wide range of indentation conditions, including peak force, loading velocity, and unloading velocity, were employed for PEK-C under different preparation conditions by the atomic force microscope based nanoindentation technique. The test results indicate that both the elastic modulus and hardness values decrease with the peak force increasing. The elastic modulus increases as the loading velocity increases. However, increasing unloading velocity leads to the decrease of the elastic modulus. The hardness exhibits a decrease with the loading velocity increasing and appears unloading velocity independent. What is more, the dispersion augments with the loading and unloading velocity increasing.
Organização do Cuidado ao Idoso Dependente / Organization of Care to the Dependent Elderly
Authors: Donati Liamar , Beuter Margrid , Schimith Maria Denise
Published: August 2018

Este artigo busca apresentar a organização dos cuidadores, familiares ou não, frente a alta hospitalar do idoso dependente. Os resultados apontam que os cuidadores, apesar das dificuldades, encontram estratégias para dar conta das demandas de cuidados ao idoso. Percebe-se um descompasso entre as responsabilidades atribuídas às famílias e o suporte de serviços que deveriam ser ofertados pelas políticas públicas existentes. Esta temática precisa ser discutida a fim de dar maior visibilidade, pois a revalorização da família nas políticas públicas pode significar um recuo das responsabilidades do Estado no atendimento às necessidades da população.
A Questão Regional no Neoliberalismo / The Regional Question in Neoliberalismo
Authors: Barbosa Rosangela Nair de Carvalho
Published: August 2018

O texto aborda parte de pesquisa maior sobre as políticas de desenvolvimento regional nos anos recentes no Brasil, como dimensão da totalidade sistêmica que estabelece novos contornos a relação região/mundo. Esse trecho da pesquisa expõe o quadro interpretativo realizado a partir de fontes bibliográficas, documentos oficiais de governo e indicadores socioeconômicos, evidenciando que a mobilidade do capital e a externalização produtiva nesse estágio do capitalismo reconfiguram as relações de dominação nas regiões, com expansão das fronteiras dos negócios e ampliação da mercantilização da reprodução social, o que aprofunda a degradação do trabalho e a precariedade das condições urbanas.
Política Social no Brasil: entre a lógica do direito e do personalismo / Social Policy in Brazil: between the right and personalism logics
Authors: Schappo Sirlândia
Published: August 2018

A compreensão da política social pública como uma política de todos que concretiza direitos representa um contraponto aos interesses individuais ou de grupos particulares. No entanto, a reprodução de práticas com a lógica do favor e/ou do personalismo ainda persiste na realidade brasileira, dificultando a efetivação da cidadania. Esta temática instiga diferentes profissionais ao questionamento das práticas de um passado que ainda se faz presente em um contexto de intensificação do neoliberalismo. Assim, este artigo analisa, por meio de levantamento bibliográfico e de análise de discurso, o legado e a continuidade de práticas regidas pela lógica do favor e do personalismo no atual contexto de restrição de direitos. Evidenciam-se aspectos da formação sócio-histórica brasileira, revitalizados nas relações público-privadas.
O Envelhecimento e as Reformas no Sistema de Seguridade Social no Brasil Contemporâneo / Aging and Reforms in the Social Security System in Contemporary Brazil
Authors: Teixeira Solange Maria
Published: August 2018

O artigo tem por objetivo problematizar os discursos generalizantes e homogeneizante do envelhecimento humano, que desconsideram as diferenças e desigualdades no modo de envelhecer, viver e representar essa etapa da vida. Aponta o utilitarismo desse discurso universalizante nas propostas de reformas das políticas sociais, especialmente, da política de previdência social no Brasil. Analisa alguns pontos críticos da reforma da previdência social e aponta os determinantes estruturais do novo modelo de acumulação capitalista e da superestrutura neoliberal como raiz dos desiquilíbrios no sistema de proteção social. Trata-se de um artigo teórico fundamentado numa revisão de literatura que buscou responder aos objetivos desta investigação.
Reflexões Sobre a Saúde Enquanto Legítima Expectativa e Direito do Cidadão, as Prioridades e Dever do Estado / Reflections on Health as a Legitimate Expectation and Right of The Citizen, The Priorities and Duty of The State
Authors: Machado Alexandre , Albenes de Mendonça Cruz César
Published: August 2018

Este trabalho de natureza teórica tem por objetivo discutir o que perpassa entre a expectativa do cidadão em ter seu direito à saúde garantido, e a prioridade em que o Estado posiciona seu dever de cumprir com o que lhe é devido; tendo como objeto de estudo o direito à saúde como dever do Estado. Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica em documentos e literaturas que abordam as temáticas de política pública de saúde, Estado e sociedade e direitos sociais. Verificou-se que o direito à saúde é garantido mediante políticas sociais e econômicas, conforme preconizado na Constituição Federal, entretanto, uma política social e econômica adequada não são suficientes para sanar a expectativa e real necessidade do cidadão em acessar a política de saúde no Estado brasileiro.
Transformaciones en la Matriz de Protección Uruguaya a Inicios del Siglo XXI / Transformations in the Uruguayan Protection Matrix at the Beginning of the 21st Century
Authors: González Laurino Carolina , Leopold Costábile Sandra
Published: August 2018

La matriz de protección social uruguaya implementada a inicios del siglo XX ha sido descripta como un sistema de políticas sociales fuertemente institucionalizado, estructurado sobre una base de prestaciones de carácter universal en educación y estratificada en materia sanitaria y de seguridad social, que tiende a cubrir a la mayoría de los sectores asalariados formales urbanos, con una incorporación tardía de los trabajadores rurales. Esta estructura de protección social ha sufrido un proceso de transformación que combina la intervención estatal con servicios semi-privatizados, focalizados y transitorios, así como otros que apelan a la configuración público-privada en su proceso de implementación. Para ello, entre otras acciones, se han diseñado y puesto en práctica, las propuestas programáticas caracterizadas por su intervención en «proximidad», sobre las que este estudio centra su análisis.
Restructuring of Welfare States. Quantitative and Qualitative Changes: the case of Spain / Reestructuración de los Estados del Bienestar. Cambios Cuantitativos y Cualitativos: el caso de España
Authors: Gimeno José Adelantado
Published: August 2018

This paper examines a possible paradigm shift from protective welfare states to investment welfare states, using Spain as a case study. Methodologically, a historical-institutionalist approach to paradigm change was adopted, and three dimensions of analysis were studied: problems to be solved, objectives to be achieved and policies to be used. The main findings indicated there has been a quantitative change in Spain that recommodifies living conditions, and a qualitative reorientation is underway that individualizes risks and social protection.
Full Disclosure
Authors: Simmons K. Merinda
Published: August 2018

This brief essay follows up on responses by Leslie Dorrough Smith and Matt K. Sheedy to Changing the Subject: Writing Women across the African Diaspora. In it, I revisit the issue of authorship and some of the processes of disclosure that lie therein, a question approached in various ways by Sheedy (more directly) and Dorrough Smith (more broadly/thematically).
FEIBA prophylaxis in a patient with haemophilia and inhibitors
Authors: Hook Susan
Published: August 2018

A case study is presented illustrating the everyday challenges faced by patients with haemophilia and inhibitors and how treatment with bypassing agents or just FEIBA prophylaxis can help to control bleeding and improve functional ability.
Diagnosis and education for a better future in Uganda
Authors: Kopitsis Natasha
Published: August 2018

Since 2005, the Novo Nordisk Haemophilia Foundation (NNHF; www.nnhf.org) has worked in collaboration with local partners and internationally renowned experts to improve access to haemophilia care. The NNHF has identified three areas on which to focus its activities in order to create impact where it is most needed: capacity building, diagnosis and registry, and education and empowerment. Underpinning these focus areas are targeted awareness creation activities and the development of strategic partnerships, which enable and facilitate local impact creation through empowered community advocates and authority engagement. NNHF supports fellowships, local development projects, and recognises extraordinary achievements via the annual ‘NNHF Project of the Year Award’ and the ‘NNHF Community Award’. Raising awareness of haemophilia in Uganda was the NNHF global fundraiser in 2015. This article summarises how the donations raised were used to establish diagnosis and education for a better future for Uganda’s haemophilia patients.
Gingival bleeding and oral hygiene in women with von Willebrand Disease (VWD): a pilot study
Authors: Vanduine Stefanie , Ridley Karen , Bashutski Jill , Snyder Mark , Powell Corey , Taichman Susan
Published: August 2018

Introduction: Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common hereditary coagulation abnormality. Individuals with VWD experience increased mucosal bleeding as well as gingival bleeding. Some evidence suggests that gingival bleeding is related to poor oral hygiene for fear of plaque removal methods that may cause bleeding to the gingival tissue. No studies have shown a correlation between VWD and gingival bleeding; however, these studies have not adjusted for possible confounding factors, such as presence of dental plaque, dental care utilisation, and oral hygiene habits. Aims: To determine the relationship between von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels and the amount of gingival bleeding, when controlling for possible confounding variables. Methods: This multi-site study included 44 women with VWD who completed a questionnaire to evaluate demographics, oral hygiene habits, perception of own oral health, oral health quality of life, and dental care utilisation. Clinical dental examinations were conducted to determine the presence of plaque and gingival bleeding on six teeth in each individual. Von Willebrand disease type and severity were determined through a medical chart review. Institutional review board (IRB) approval was obtained prior to data collection. Results: Paired sample t-tests revealed that VWF levels did not significantly affect the amount of gingival bleeding noted (p>0.05) when controlling for presence of plaque. Multiple linear regression models revealed that other factors, such as age and last dental visit (p=0.044), had a larger effect on the amount of gingival bleeding. Conclusion: In women with VWD, the presence of plaque and dental care utilisation determines gingival bleeding more than the severity of VWD.
US haemophilia centre nurses and advanced practice providers: Demographics, roles/responsibilities, training, educational barriers and employment benefits
Authors: Witkop Michelle L. , Guelcher Christine , Hall Margaret , Maahs Jennifer
Published: August 2018

Introduction: As the focus on personalised treatment is refined, more products are brought to market and the life expectancy of persons with haemophilia increases, there will be an expanded need of experienced and expert healthcare providers to ensure optimal patient outcomes. Aim: This survey describes the demographics, roles/ responsibilities, practice patterns, educational opportunities/barriers and employment benefits of nurses and advanced practices providers (APPs), including advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) and physician assistants (PAs) employed by haemophilia treatment centres (HTCs) across the United States. Methods: This one-time convenience online survey was approved by the Munson Medical Center Institutional Review Board. A survey of this type had never been attempted in the HTC nursing community; therefore. there was no opportunity to utilise a previous tool. Data was analysed using statistical tools through SurveyMonkey. Results: Gaps were identified in provider age distribution, research opportunities, and standardised educational opportunities for APPs. An aging but highly educated HTC nursing population is revealed: over 50% of respondents were over the age of 50; the majority held at least a baccalaureate degree and almost half had national board certification; most were experienced in healthcare but newer to the field of bleeding disorders. Conclusion: Development of an APP fellowship program would standardise the care and treatment of those with bleeding and clotting disorders across the United States. This fellowship should include a didactic portion, advocacy within the community, mentorship with experienced APPs and regular webinar-based case studies to review current trends in care. This survey is a call to action to begin standardised education programs for the advanced practice role.
Perceived confidence for injury self‑management increases for young men with mild haemophilia with the use of the mobile app HIRT?
Authors: Nilson Joann , Mulder Kathy , Schachter Candice L. , Wittmeier Kristy , Lomotey Richard , Arnold Catherine M. , Oosman Sarah
Published: August 2018

Background: Young men with mild haemophilia have unique challenges pertaining to bleed management. They may not always identify musculoskeletal injury requiring medical attention as they do not bleed frequently, potentially resulting in significant health consequences. In response to these challenges, a team of clinicians, researchers and young men with mild haemophilia developed a self-assessment pathway which was converted into a mobile app. Aim: This study examined the influence of the mobile app, HIRT? (Hemophilia Injury Recognition Tool) on perceived injury self-management in young men with mild haemophilia in Canada. Methods: We used a mixed methods design. The quantitative data, through a self-report questionnaire, evaluated perceived injury self-management strategies and participant confidence levels. Non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test and McNemar chi-square test were used to determine association between perceived self-management strategies when using and not using the app, with significant levels set at p<0.05. Qualitative data was created using interpretive description and inductive content analysis of recorded and transcribed interviews. Results: 12 young men, aged 18-35 years, participated. Perceived confidence levels significantly increased (p=0.004) with the use of the app. Five qualitative themes were identified: accessibility, credibility, the benefit of alarms, confidence and usefulness. Conclusion: This study provides promising evidence to support the feasibility and use of HIRT? as an injury self-management tool for young men with mild haemophilia. Future research should prospectively investigate the effect of the app on injury selfmanagement confidence.
Кинетика сорбции Sr, Ni, Zn из поверхностной воды методом «тонкого слоя» на природном цеолите КЛТ и органоцеолите ПЭИ–КЛТ
Authors: Kats E. M. , Kuzmina T. G.
Published: August 2018

Изучена кинетика сорбции тяжелых металлов Sr, Ni, Zn из поверхностной воды с рН 6-8 на природном цеолите Холинского месторождения (КЛТ) и полученном на его основе органоцеолите (ПЭИ-КЛТ). Использован метод «тонкого слоя». Получены кинетические кривые сорбции. Показано, что лимитирующим фактором кинетики сорбции в «тонком слое» является внутренняя диффузия. Рассчитаны коэффициенты внутренней диффузии Sr, Zn, Ni и Ca на КЛТ и эффективные коэффициенты внутренней диффузии на ПЭИ-КЛТ при рН 6, 7, и 8. Показана зависимость коэффициентов распределения металлов от рН раствора.
Разложение этопозида в водно-органических растворах и разделение продуктов его деструкции методом ВЭЖХ
Authors: Golubitsky, G. B. , Ostrovsky K. P. , Gelperina S. E.
Published: August 2018

Впервые изучено влияние ацетонитрила и диметилсульфоксида на скорость разложения этопозида в щелочном водно-органическом растворе. Органические растворители замедляют деструкцию, что связано с изменением диэлектрической проницаемости растворов. Влияние диметилсульфоксида на скорость реакции и форму пиков этопозида значительно слабее в связи с его более высокой диэлектрической проницаемостью и полярностью по сравнению с ацетонитрилом. Подобраны условия разделения этопозида и продуктов его разложения при помощи обращенно-фазной ВЭЖХ. Сделано предположение о химической природе продуктов разложения этопозида в щелочной среде. Показаны возможности использования подвижной фазы, содержащей перхлорат аммония, для повышения чувствительности анализа.
Сорбция ионов меди активированным углём марки БАУ-А
Authors: Linnikov O. D. , Rodina I. V. , Baklanova I. V. , Suntsov A. Y.
Published: August 2018

Показана возможность использования активированного угля марки БАУ-А в целях очистки загрязненных растворов от ионов двухвалентной меди. Установлено, что сорбция ионов данного металла протекает по механизму физической адсорбции, описываемой уравнением Ленгмюра. Определены параметры этого уравнения при разных значениях рН модельного раствора.

Сопоставление ИК и КР спектров БАУ-А и другого угольного сорбента МИУ-С показало, что различия в их сорбционных свойствах по отношению к ионам меди во многом обусловлены отличиями в свойствах их поверхностей, а также структуре.
Сорбционное концентрирование и определение методом ГКР-спектроскопии пирена с использовани- ем алюмогелей, содержащих наночастицы серебра
Authors: Yurova N. S. , Zaharevich A. M. , Markin A. V. , Rusanova T. Y.
Published: August 2018

Получены алюмогели, содержащие наночастицы (НЧ) серебра, и оценено их использование в качестве материалов для одновременного концентрирования пирена и его детектирования методом гигантского комбинационного рассеяния света (ГКР). НЧ серебра предварительно подвергали искусственной агрегации с помощью хлорида натрия. Изучены сорбционные свойства полученных алюмогелей по отношению к пирену, и показано повышение степени извлечения пирена на сорбентах, модифицированных додецилсульфатом натрия (ДДС). Оценена возможность определения пирена, выделенного на сорбенте, методом ГКР-спектроскопии.
BSA-seq in Maize v1
Authors: Klein Harry , Xiao Yuguo , A. Conklin Phillip , Govindarajulu Rajanikanth , A. Kelly Jacob , J. Scanlon Michael , J. Whipple Clinton , Bartlett Madelaine
Published: August 2018

In the past, identifying a gene of interest for a mutant phenotype in maize has proven to be a laborious process. Now, with the aid of next generation sequencing technology, the researcher can quickly identify the region containing a mutant gene and in some cases identify the causative lesion. In our BSA-seq protocol, we use the Galaxy platform for file processing and manipulation. This platform is intended to provide a user friendly experience, so that researchers of any level can clone maize genes. We start with raw sequencing reads from our F2 mapping population and end with plots of SNPs on each chromosome and a list of candidate SNPs. The Galaxy platform generates the files needed for plotting SNPs with the R package ggplot2 and for identifying candidate SNPs with SnpEff. Ourprotocol will guidethe user step-by-step through the Galaxy platform, chromosome plotting, and SnpEff.
Mounting method for Drosophila pupa v1
Authors: Cerise Alex , Gomez Escoda Blanca
Published: August 2018

With this protocol, spacers of multiple thicknesses can be used to adjust to the diameter of the pupa. Spacers thicknesses available are 100µM, 250µM and 500µM and they can be piled up to customize chambers according to the pupal diameter. Spacers can replace standard methods using glass coverslips and halocarbon oil drops. Note:This protocol is for short term imaging (up to 2 hours). For long-term imaging protocols spacers can be replaced by gas permeable materials.
Mounting method for D. Melanogaster optic lobes v2
Authors: Cerise Alex , Gomez Escoda Blanca
Published: August 2018

This protocol is for short term imaging (up to 2 hours) of optic lobes. Spacers can replace standard methods which use glass coverslips, glycerol and halocarbon oil drops as mounting materials. For long-term imaging protocols, spacers can be replaced by gas permeable materials. Optic lobes of larva, pupa and adult can be imaged. Dissection of brains can be performed using standard protocols. 5 to 10 brains can be used for imaging.
Mounting method for Drosophila larval brain v1
Authors: Cerise Alex , Gomez Escoda Blanca
Published: August 2018

With this protocol, a gas permeable chamber is created by means of a double-sided tape. The permeable chamber allows for a better preservation of the larval brains during imaging. The double-sided tape is porous (gas permeable) and hydrophobic (it prevents evaporation). Time of mitosis will be an indicator of healthy brains. Under the dissection microscope, explant CNS from third instar larvae and isolate intact brains. Note:Fat bodies can be isolated as well to be added to the medium.
Nepafenac in the Treatment of Ocular Inflammation Following Cataract Surgery (Pseudophakic Macular Oedema) – an Update
Authors: Kjærbo Hadi ,   Scandinavian Eye Center, Hellerup, Denmark; Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
Published: August 2018

Cataract surgery is a hugely important means of preventing poor-quality vision or vision loss, especially in the elderly and people with diabetes. Pseudophakic macular oedema (PMO) is a comparatively infrequent complication occurring in 0.2–2.35% of patients, but the increasing scale of cataract surgeries worldwide makes it a widespread and significant problem. PMO can affect vision and, if untreated, can damage the retina and, less commonly, cause pain. Effective and convenient treatment for PMO, therefore, is an important issue. The pathophysiology of PMO is not fully understood, but may result from multiple factors including traction, irritation and disturbance of the blood-retinal barrier, leading to secretion of inflammatory factors which affect the posterior segment. Among the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used in the management of PMO is nepafenac (NPF). NPF is a unique prodrug and use of the 0.1% formulation given three times daily is supported by several key phase II and III clinical trials, in which prophylactic use resulted in lower incidence of PMO, better visual outcomes and lower central subfield macular thickness than vehicle alone. Several studies have also shown that 0.1% NPF provided superior efficacy compared with bromfenac, fluorometholone or ketorolac in the treatment of PMO. More recently, a 0.3% NPF formulation has been developed to provide more convenient once daily dosing. A phase III trial (n=819) showed that 0.3% NPF was non-inferior to 0.1% NPF in terms of inflammation and proportion or patients who were pain-free with similar safety profiles for both doses. Other evidence from phase II and III vehicle-controlled, non-comparative trials also indicate the equivalence of frequent 0.1% NPF and the less frequent 0.3% NPF dosing. Greater use of the more convenient 0.3% NPF formulation may help improve patient adherence and consequently provide better outcomes in PMO.
Comprehensive Trabectome Outcomes in Surgery-naive Versus Previously Operated Eyes
Authors: Mosaed Sameh ,   University of California, Irvine, Orange County, CA, US
Published: August 2018

This study aims to compare the results of trabectome surgery between surgery-naïve eyes and eyes that have previously undergone incisional surgery. Prospective data was collected on the first 20 cases of each new trabectome surgeon. This trabectome dataset was used to create two groups of subjects: surgery-naïve eyes versus eyes with prior incisional surgery. A total of 2,051 eyes were included in the study. These two groups were further broken down into the subtype of glaucoma (primary open angle glaucoma, pigmentary, pseudoexfoliation, uveitic and steroid-induced glaucoma). At 12- and 36-months follow up, success rates, intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction and medication usage were compared between the groups using the Tube versus Trabeculectomy Study criteria for defining success. At 36 months, the IOP of the virgin eyes and the previously operated eyes was 16.3 mmHg versus 15.8 mmHg, respectively. This difference was not statistically significant (p<0.05). Trabectome outcomes are similar in eyes with a history of prior incisional surgery (including failed glaucoma procedures) compared with those that are surgery-naive.
Paisajes, territorios y lugares de la niñez chilena durante la dictadura
Authors: Castillo Gallardo Patricia , Roselló Peñaloza Miguel , Garrido Pereira Marcelo
Published: August 2018

Muy pocos han sido los autores de la historia de la infancia que han decidido darle un lugar de privilegio a las fuentes producidas por niños y niñas en la construcción de sus historias. Este artículo presenta un fragmento de un proyecto de investigación cuyo objetivo es indagar la experiencia de la niñez durante la última dictadura cívico militar en Chile. Para ello se analiza un corpus compuesto por producciones infantiles realizadas en el periodo y entrevistas retrospectivas realizadas con la finalidad de documentar el objeto. El análisis se centra en reconstruir el paisaje, territorio y lugar desde la perspectiva de la geografía crítica y humanista.
Direitos humanos no imaginário artístico de Clarice Lispector: O pássaro da liberdade
Authors: Alves Míriam Coutinho de Faria
Published: August 2018

As interfaces entre direito e arte servem de base para pensar o processo de ressignificação dos direitos humanos2.Pretende-se, neste texto, reﬂetir sobre o imaginário pictórico como imagem cultural e artística de direitos humanos inscritos na produção artística e literária de Clarice Lispector manifesto notadamente no quadro: o pássaro da liberdade. Esta interlocução nos leva a pensar os direitos culturais como formas hermenêuticas da cidadania, conscientes das identidades e memórias que permeiam a vida social, individual e coletiva.
As facetas do neoliberalismo e suas consequências na socioeducação de adolescentes em conflito com a lei no sudeste brasileiro.
Authors: Emmerich de Souza Tatiana Lourenço
Published: August 2018

Não é de hoje que a sociedade brasileira enfrenta problemas sociais graves advindos do sustentáculo das desigualdades sociais, que resultam na manutenção de classes, excluindo determinados grupos do acesso digno a direitos e garantias fundamentais assegurados pela Constituição de 1988, como por exemplo, a educação. Desta maneira, o tema escolhido tem como propósito verificar se as medidas socioeducativas postas pelo Estado, possuem ou não resquícios de punição geradas pelo poder simbólico Estatal e, principalmente, as consequências do neoliberalismo na socioeducação de adolescentes em conflito com a Lei, a partir de uma metodologia que usou a pesquisa bibliográfica como referência. Os resultados encontrados foram de que a ressocialização está longe de ser alcançada, visto que a maioria das unidades de internação sofrem pela superlotação, e consequentemente a falta de professores e outros profissionais que possam suprir a necessidade dentro centros socioeducativos na região sudeste
Os problemas bioéticos em os vingadores: reflexões sobre o pós-humanismo e a ética do futuro
Authors: Jung Pedro Ernesto Neubarth
Published: August 2018

No atual momento histórico da humanidade, toma-se cada vez mais conhecimento dos espetaculares avanços científcos e tecnológicos. Diante desses avanços, a cada dia que se passa nos aproximamos mais dos cenários de fcção científca abordados pela 7ª Arte. Tem-se, assim que tal aproximação possa nos levar a discussões acerca das atuais e futuras implicações biotecnológicas em relação aos preceitos éticos presentes nesses avanços, ou seja na interação entre a espécie humana e os pós-humanos. Nesse contexto, os flmes do Universo Cinematográfco da Marvel são ótimos aportes, pois levantam inúmeras questões, que navegam perfeitamente entre o aperfeiçoamento humano ao desenvolvimento de exoesqueletos ligados ao córtex cerebral. Desse modo, o presente artigo visa, entrelaçar os conceitos supra abordados, com intuito de se fornecer uma visão da responsabilidade ante a ética do futuro. Se adotará, outrossim a presente pesquisa o método indutivo, utilizando-se ainda a revisão da literatura nacional e internacional, bem como a observação dos flmes do aludido Universo cinematográfico
As três vertentes do sistema penitenciáio: uma análise criminológica, social e carcerária
Authors: Cosme Andreia Catine , Martins Karem Raimondi
Published: August 2018

O presente artigo possui como objetivo expor as três principais vertentes da punição, apontando a previsão legal, visão carcerária e a visão social, apresentando quais os fatores responsáveis pela falta da ressocialização do apenado após o cumprimento da pena. Utilizando-se do método indutivo, se partindo de um caso isolado, sendo ele a vivência da população carcerária da Colônia Penal Agrícola de Palhoça, analisando a vida e os ocorridos durante o tempo e após o cárcere do apenado, apontando os resultados da pesquisa e consequentemente trabalhando a proteção e a natureza pedagógica da responsabilização das penas e da ressocialização dos detentos, conforme a lei de execução penal e demais legislações pertinentes. Por fm será apontando que talvez a responsabilização pela falta da ressocialização não seja exclusivamente do Estado, este tem um papel fundamental, mas talvez os maiores responsáveis por essa reinserção do apenado do âmbito social seja a sociedade em geral.
A doação de órgãos depois do Decreto n. 9.175/2017
Authors: Oliveira Júlio Moraes
Published: August 2018

O presente artigo tem por escopo analisar os aspectos jurídicos da doação de órgãos no Brasil, em especial depois da aprovação do Decreto n. 9.175/17, que regulamentou da Lei de doação de órgãos no País. Para tal desiderato, analisa-se as principais legislações que regulamentam o tema, bem como aspectos da bioética e do biodireito e as implicações legislativas da doação em vida e da doação após a morte.
Apresentação
Authors: Orlandi Eni Puccinelli
Published: August 2018

Em nosso projeto, História das Idéias Lingüísticas no Brasil, temos objetivado dar elementos para que professores e alunos, ou pesquisadores em geral, que trabalham com o conhecimento da linguagem, possam se situar nesse longo processo de produção de conhecimento tendo assim condições reais de elaborar sua posição face às filiações em que se inscrevem. Desse modo, o resultado de um programa de trabalho como este acaba, em seu conjunto, por dar a conhecer a história de uma ciência mas também por fazer compreender como toma forma a tradição lingüística brasileira. Esta nossa posição é plena de pressupostos e de conseqüências. Um dos pressupostos é de que a relação que mantemos com a produção de conhecimento sobre a língua não é indiferente ao modo mesmo como a língua se constitui enquanto língua nacional, língua comum a um povo, a um país, ou a um território ou a uma cultura, ou Estado (cf. E. Orlandi, org. 2001 e E. Orlandi, 2002), e seus modos de representação para os sujeitos. O outro é de que a história do saber sobre a língua, além de ser responsável pela constituição da língua e das políticas que o Estado sustenta, através da administração institucional desse saber e da maneira como os sujeitos se relacionam com ele atravessando a própria língua que praticam, se constitui em certas condições e produz especialistas da área que têm a ver como esta se estabelece, enquanto uma área de conhecimento específica com suas características.
Das vicissitudes da fala da criança e de sua investigação
Authors: Lemos Cláudia Thereza Guimarães
Published: August 2018

Respondo ao convite de Eni Orlandi para dizer da Psicolingüística ou de seu lugar na “História das Idéias Lingüísticas, particularmente no Brasil”, neste volume por ela organizado, com o texto que se segue e, a começar, pelo titulo que o anuncia. Nele o que se lê não é nem Psicolingüística nem Aquisição de Linguagem, mas “fala da criança”. Nele o que se lê, ao invés de “desenvolvimento lingüístico”, é “vicissitudes”, termo que significa o que é próprio da “vez” (do latim, vicis), do que, no tempo, toma seu lugar, nele sucedendo seja sob a forma de revezamentos seja sob a dos reveses, referidos aqui tanto às mudanças que a fala da criança pode mostrar quanto às mudanças de posição do investigador ao discerni-las.
Hard Coating is Because of Oppositely Worked Force-Energy Behaviors of Atoms
Authors: Ali Mubarak , Hamzah Esah , Radzi Mohd Toff Mohd
Published: August 2018

Coatings of suitable materials having thickness of few atoms to several microns on the viable substrates are the basic need of society and they attend the regular attention of scientific community working in various fields of science and technology. Decorative and protective coatings, transparent and insulating coatings, coatings of medical implants and surgical instruments, coatings for drug delivery and security purposes, ultra-precision machine coatings and coatings of miscellaneous uses are in the routine demand of research and commercial objectives. Different hard coatings develop with significant composition of differently natured atoms where their force-energy behaviors under recovering of certain transition state provide the provision for electrons (of outer ring) belonging to gas atoms to undertake another clamp of energy knot, in each case, clamping to unfilled states (of outer ring) belonging to solid atoms. Set process conditions switch force-energy behaviors of differently natured atoms as per at the ground surface where they nearly worked oppositely to the original state behaviors. Different natured atoms develop structure in the form of hard coating by locating the ground point between original points where gas atoms increase potential energy under the decreasing levitational force exerting at electron levels while the solid atoms decrease potential energy under the decreasing gravitational force exerting at electron levels. Ti-atom to Ti-atom binding is through the difference of expansion of their lattices when one atom is just landing on the landed atom where the position of nitrogen atoms (dealing double clamping of their electrons) becomes nearly in their interstitial sites. Under suitable set parameters, different nature atoms deposit in the form of coating at substrate surface positioned in the deposition chamber. In random arc-based vapor deposition system, depositing different nature atoms at substrate surface depends on the input power where involved non-conserved energies engaged the non-conservative forces to keep them adhered. Different properties and characteristics of hard coatings emerged as per engaged forces under the set conditions of involved energy. The present study sets new trends not only in the field of films and coatings but also in the diversified class of materials, wherever, atoms recall their roles.
4 + n-Dimensional Water and Waves on Four and Eleven-Dimensional Manifolds
Authors: Sepehri Alireza , Fioranelli Massimo
Published: August 2018

In this paper, we consider the structure of water and waves from viewpoints of two observers, one lives on 4-dimensional manifold and another lives on 11-dimensional manifold. On four dimensional manifold, if a water contains molecules of DNA, emits waves that by achieving to second water, give their information to it and produce new structures which are affected by the existence of DNA molecules and can be detected by PCR. Type of packings of DNAs in men is different from women. Consequently, their radiated waves are different and for storing their information, we need to two types of water. However on four dimensional manifold, the structures of water are approximately the same. There is a probability that differences between various types of water could be observed in extra dimensions. On the other hand, waves that interact with water in extra dimensions can play the role of topoisomerases in biology on 11-dimensional manifold. They open packings of DNA, read it’s information and transmit it to water. Properties of these topoisomerase-like waves are different from electromagnetic and gravitational waves. However, by reducing dimensions from 11 to 4, these waves become similar to known waves in four dimensions. Two structures of water and wave in extra dimensions have effects in nature. For example, waters inside the egg of women and water outside it have different structures which causes to the emergence of the entanglement between them. If sperms enter to water outside the egg, this entanglement is broken and some holes are appeared inside the egg. To fill these holes, sperms are teleported from water outside the egg to water inside the egg. Another effect is radiating some topoisomerase like waves of earth and sun which are helpful for plants and transcription and translation in cells. In some conditions, these waves interact with water, extract DNAs from it’s structure in extra dimensions and create life.
Transient Liquid Phase Bonding of Al-6063 to Steel Alloy UNS S32304
Authors: Saleh Mohamed I. , Roven Hans J. , Khan Tahir I. , Iveland Treje
Published: August 2018

Transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding of Al-6063 and UNS S32304 was performed using copper foil as an interlayer between the base metals. A compression load was applied normal to the specimens. Metallurgical examination of the produced joints showed three distinct regions including a reaction zone, diffusion affected zone and the base metals. The diffusion of copper into aluminum resulted in an Al-Cu eutectic structure. However, the oxide layer on the aluminum surface controlled the dissolution behavior of copper and the extent of its wettability with the base metals. Although voids and intermetallic compounds were detected at the interfaces of the processed joints, a defect free joint was produced at 570°C. In addition, the results from corrosion tests showed that the use of copper as an interlayer decreased the corrosion resistance of the joints. However, increase in thickness of the joining reaction zone with increasing bonding temperature was observed to increase corrosion resistance.
Transpositional Recombination and Site-Specific Recombination May Be Initiated by Copy Choice during DNA Synthesis Rather Than Break/Join Mechanism
Authors: Jia Lei , Li Jingyun
Published: August 2018

Types of DNA recombination include homologous recombination and nonhomologous recombination. Homologous DNA recombination is a general term that includes exchange of information between chromatids: (reciprocal) crossing-over, gene conversion, and post-meiotic segregation. Gene conversion is now thought to be a type of non-Mendelian segregation of heterozygous markers near the recombination initiation site. Thus, it includes both gene conversion and post-meiotic segregation previously described. DNA non-HR including transpositional recombination and site-specific recombination. Our understanding of the molecular mechanism by which DNA recombination occurs has significantly increased in the past decades. Currently The synthesis-dependent strand annealing model is now thought to give rise to most or all noncrossovers, with the double-strand-break repair model forming mainly crossovers. The Shapiro model proposed by Dr. J. Shapiro explains the molecular mechanism of transpositional recombination. Site-specific recombination results from another distinct model. We previously proposed a novel theory which can provide a more reasonable and simpler explanation accounting for DNA HR including the 3 classes of recombinogenic events described above. In the new supplementedly molecular model, DNA meiotic recombination can be initiated by a copy choice mechanism, that is, copying part of 1 single-stranded DNA template, followed by DNA polymerase switching to another single-stranded DNA template, and then resuming the following DNA synthesis along the new template. The current review suggests that transpositional recombination and site-specific recombination should be initiated by copy choice during DNA synthesis rather than break/join mechanism. The work indicates that review of DNA nonhomologous recombination are very necessary. The novel theory would challenge earlier models accounting for transpositional recombination and site-specific recombination and would be critical to the understanding of the mechanisms. We hope copy choice initiating DNA nonhomologous recombination will be one of the concepts that are explored. Proper and specific experiments are required to reconstruct the detailed mechanism described here.