bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La traduccion del conocimiento en cancer cervicouterino: una brecha entre la investigacion sobre las causas y la investigacion sobre la atencion al paciente?
Authors: Fajardo-Ortiz David , Ochoa Hector , Garcia Luis , Castano Victor
Published: September 2016

En este trabajo construimos un mapa de la traducción del conocimiento sobre cáncer cervicouterino, basado en el análisis de redes de citación y en el uso de términos del “Gene Ontology” y del Medical Heading Subject. Identificamos dos campos de investigación sobre cáncer cervicouterino, pobremente conectados entre sí, que difieren en estructura, contenido y evolución. Un área esta centrada en el estudio de las causas de la enfermedad, mientras que la otra se centra en la atención al paciente. En la primera área encontramos un proceso de traducción del conocimiento en la que la investigación clínica y la investigación básica se comunican a través de un conjunto de artículos que consolidan la infección por el papilomavirus como la causa necesaria del cáncer cervicouterino. La primera área está orientada a prevenir la infección por el virus del papiloma humano y el subsecuente desarrollo del cáncer cervicouterino, mientras que la otra área se ocupa de la estadificación y tratamiento de la enfermedad.
PAH biomarkers for human health risk assessment: a review of the state-of-the-art
Authors: Franco Sérgio Silveira , Nardocci Adelaide Cássia , Günther Wanda Maria Risso
Published: September 2016

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are widely distributed in the environment, and some are carcinogenic to human beings. The study of biomarkers has helped clarify the nature and magnitude of the human health risks posed by such substances. This article provides a review of the state-of-the-art on PAH biomarkers for human health risk assessment and also discusses their applicability within the context of environmental management in Brazil. The article discusses the methodologies for determination of some biomarkers such as 1-hydroxypyrene and PAH-DNA adducts. Cytogenetic markers, frequency of chromosomal aberrations, and micronucleus induction were considered for the evaluation of cancer risk. The current stage of studies on validation of such biomarkers was also approached.
Papilomavírus humano e neoplasia cervical
Authors: Rosa Maria Inês da , Medeiros Lídia Rosi , Rosa Daniela Dornelles , Bozzeti Mary Clarisse , Silva Fábio Rosa , Silva Bruno Rosa
Published: September 2016

O papilomavírus humano (HPV) é um fator etiológico bem estabelecido para o câncer cervical. Esse vírus de DNA infecta primariamente o epitélio e pode induzir lesões benignas ou malignas na pele e na mucosa. Alguns HPVs são considerados de alto risco, responsáveis pela progressão das lesões precursoras até câncer cervical. A infecção genital pelo HPV é comum em mulheres jovens e geralmente é transitória. Uma pequena proporção de mulheres infectadas desenvolve câncer cervical, implicando o envolvimento de fatores ambientais e fatores genéticos na carcinogênese. Essa revisão aborda a estrutura viral, classificação e patologia do HPV, história natural e fatores de risco para neoplasia cervical e perspectivas futuras com a vacina anti-HPV.
Fatores associados à inatividade física no lazer e principais barreiras na percepção de trabalhadores da indústria do Sul do Brasil
Authors: Silva Shana Ginar da , Silva Marcelo Cozzensa da , Nahas Markus Vinícius , Viana Sérgio Luís
Published: September 2016

Identificar as principais barreiras percebidas e verificar os fatores associados à inatividade física no lazer em trabalhadores industriários do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Estudo transversal com análise secundária de dados, incluindo 2.265 trabalhadores. Treze barreiras foram investigadas: cansaço, clima, excesso de trabalho, falta de vontade, obrigações de estudo, obrigações familiares, distância até o local da prática, falta de habilidade motora, falta de condições físicas, falta de instalações, falta de dinheiro e condições de segurança, além da opção outra. A prevalência de inatividade física no lazer entre os trabalhadores foi 45,4%, e as barreiras mais prevalentes foram cansaço (15,1%), excesso de trabalho (12,7%) e obrigações familiares (9,2%). Cansaço, excesso de trabalho, obrigações familiares, falta de vontade, falta de dinheiro, obrigações de estudo e clima estiveram associados à inatividade física no lazer. Políticas públicas focadas em macroestratégias de intervenção podem ajudar esses trabalhadores a superar tais barreiras e incorporarem um estilo de vida ativo.
Mortalidade infantil em Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil, 2005: comparação entre o cálculo direto e após o linkage entre bancos de dados de nascidos vivos e óbitos infantis
Authors: Morais Carlos Antônio Maciel de , Takano Olga Akiko , Souza Jonathan dos Santos Feroldi e
Published: September 2016

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a Taxa de Mortalidade Infantil (TMI) pela utilização do método de linkage entre o banco de dados do Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC) e sobre mortalidade (SIM) e compará-la com a encontrada nos dados brutos fornecidos pelas mesmas bases de dados. Foi utilizado o SINASC contendo 9.590 Declarações de Nascidos Vivos (DNV) entre 1º de janeiro e 31 de dezembro de 2005 e o SIM com 156 Declarações de Óbitos (DO) relativas à população estudada. Dos 156 óbitos relativos ao ano de 2005 foram pareados pelo método direto 126 (80,8%) e pelo método de busca manual 11 (7%), totalizando um total de 137 óbitos (87,8%). As taxas encontradas com o método de linkage permitiram estimar a real TMI (14,2 óbitos/1.000 nascidos vivos) e a de seus componentes. A TMI encontrada pelo uso do método de linkage foi 17,3% menor que a calculada peça utilização dos registros brutos do SIM, permanecendo o componente neonatal precoce (7,2 óbitos/1.000 nascidos vivos) como o principal responsável pelos óbitos no primeiro ano de vida (50,4%).
A regulação assistencial e a produção do cuidado: um arranjo potente para qualificar a atenção
Authors: Baduy Rossana Staevie , Feuerwerker Laura Camargo Macruz , Zucoli Marlene , Borian Joelma Teixeira
Published: September 2016

A produção do cuidado integral e a eqüidade são desafios na gestão do SUS. Analisou-se um arranjo da gestão municipal para a produção do cuidado implantado por meio da regulação assistencial com o objetivo de enriquecer as reflexões sobre o tema. Foi realizado estudo de caso em que os dados foram obtidos mediante observação, entrevistas, narrativas escritas e análise documental. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram gestores e trabalhadores da Secretaria de Saúde. Como resultado destaca-se um conceito de rede viva, produzida ativamente pela construção de relações entre os trabalhadores dos diferentes serviços. Destacam-se as ações de apoio ao cuidado produzido pelas equipes, com base na regulação assistencial e na gestão dos processos de trabalho. Os resultados foram expressivos na qualificação do cuidado, na redução das filas às especialidades e na satisfação dos profissionais. Como marca do processo, evidencia-se a necessidade de enriquecer, em ato, os saberes técnicos com as tecnologias leves e os saberes produzidos em movimentos ativos da gestão para a produção do cuidado.
Alimentação complementar e estado nutricional de crianças menores de dois anos atendidas no Programa Saúde da Família em Acrelândia, Acre, Amazônia Ocidental Brasileira
Authors: Garcia Mariana Tarricone , Granado Fernanda Serra , Cardoso Marly Augusto
Published: September 2016

Com objetivo de investigar o estado nutricional e alimentação complementar em crianças de 6 a 24 meses, residentes na Amazônia Ocidental Brasileira, um estudo transversal foi realizado na área urbana do Município de Acrelândia, Estado do Acre, com 164 crianças. As prevalências de déficit de estatura/idade e anemia foram de 12% e 40%, respectivamente, e de deficiência de ferro isolada, de 85%. Os níveis séricos das vitaminas A e B12 estavam baixos em 15% e 12% das crianças, respectivamente. Houve baixo consumo alimentar dos seguintes nutrientes (% de crianças abaixo das recomendações): ácido fólico (33%), vitamina C (40%), vitamina A (42%), zinco (46%) e ferro (71%). A biodisponibilidade de ferro da dieta foi de 8%. Observou-se baixo consumo de frutas, hortaliças e carnes, com consumo excessivo de leite de vaca e mingau.
Utilização de medicamentos e fatores associados: um estudo de base populacional no Município de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Costa Karen Sarmento , Barros Marilisa Berti de Azevedo , Francisco Priscila Maria Stolses Bergamo , César Chester Luis Galvão , Goldbaum Moisés , Carandina Luana
Published: September 2016

Este artigo analisa a prevalência da utilização de medicamentos segundo variáveis demográficas, socioeconômicas e de comportamentos relacionados à saúde, identificando fatores associados ao uso por meio de estudo transversal de base populacional, com 941 pessoas de 18 anos ou mais residentes em Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil. A amostragem foi realizada em múltiplos estágios, estratificada e por conglomerados. Utilizou-se o teste qui-quadrado, foram estimadas as razões de prevalência ajustadas por sexo e idade e os respectivos IC95%. Desenvolveu-se modelo de regressão múltipla de Poisson ficando associados ao uso: sexo feminino, idade de 40 anos e mais, morbidade referida nos últimos 15 dias e número de doenças crônicas. Os medicamentos mais consumidos foram para os sistemas cardiovascular e nervoso, e os fitoterápicos. A prevalência de uso de medicamentos em Campinas encontrou-se inferior à maioria dos estudos. Por meio de inquéritos de saúde locais espera-se conhecer o perfil de uso dos medicamentos pela população e garantir intervenções mais direcionadas para a Política de Assistência Farmacêutica.
Self-disclosure of HIV diagnosis to sexual partners by heterosexual and bisexual men: a challenge for HIV/AIDS care and prevention
Authors: Paiva Vera , Segurado Aluisio C. , Filipe Elvira Maria Ventura
Published: September 2016

This study investigated the disclosure of HIV-positive serostatus to sexual partners by heterosexual and bisexual men, selected in centers for HIV/AIDS care. In 250 interviews, we investigated disclosure of serostatus to partners, correlating disclosure to characteristics of relationships. The focus group further explored barriers to maintenance/establishment of partnerships and their association with disclosure and condom use. Fear of rejection led to isolation and distress, thus hindering disclosure to current and new partners. Disclosure requires trust and was more frequent to steady partners, to partners who were HIV-positive themselves, to female partners, and by heterosexuals, occurring less frequently with commercial sex workers. Most interviewees reported consistent condom use. Unprotected sex was more frequent with seropositive partners. Suggestions to enhance comprehensive care for HIV-positive men included stigma management, group activities, and human rights-based approaches involving professional education in care for sexual health, disclosure, and care of "persons living with HIV".
Abdominal obesity in Japanese-Brazilians: which measure is best for predicting all-cause and cardiovascular mortality?
Authors: Bevilacqua Marselle Rodrigues , Gimeno Suely Godoy Agostinho
Published: September 2016

This study aimed to verify which anthropometric measure of abdominal obesity was the best predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in Japanese-Brazilians. The study followed 1,581 subjects for 14 years. Socio-demographic, lifestyle, metabolic, and anthropometric data were collected. The dependent variable was vital status (alive or dead) at the end of the study, and the independent variable was presence of abdominal obesity according to different baseline measures. The mortality rate was estimated, and Poisson regression was used to obtain mortality rate ratios with abdominal obesity, adjusted simultaneously for the other variables. The mortality rate was 10.68/thousand person-years. Male gender, age > 60 years, and arterial hypertension were independent risk factors for mortality. The results indicate that prevalence of abdominal obesity was high among Japanese-Brazilians, and that waist/hip ratio was the measure with the greatest capacity to predict mortality (especially cardiovascular mortality) in this group.
Body mass index in individuals with HIV infection and factors associated with thinness and overweight/obesity
Authors: Mariz Carolline de Araújo , Albuquerque Maria de Fátima P. Militão de , Ximenes Ricardo Arraes de Alencar , Melo Heloísa Ramos Lacerda de , Bandeira Francisco , Oliveira Thaís Gelenske Braga e , Carvalho Érico Higino de , Silva Adriana Paula da , Miranda Filho Demócrito de Barros
Published: September 2016

A cross-sectional study was conducted using body mass index (BMI) to estimate the prevalence of thinness and overweight/obesity and associated factors in 2,018 individuals with HIV/AIDS attending health services referral centers. The dependent variable was classified as thinness, overweight/obesity and eutrophy. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed considering eutrophy as the reference level. The prevalence of thinness was 8.8% and of overweight/obesity, 32.1%. The variables associated with thinness were anemia and CD4 cell count < 200mm³. The variables associated with risk of overweight/obesity were age > 40 years and diabetes, and the variables identified as decreasing likelihood of overweight/obesity were having no long-term partner, smoking, presence of an opportunistic disease, anemia, and albumin levels < 3.5mg/dL. The main nutritional problem observed in this population was overweight and obesity, which were much more prevalent than thinness. Older individuals with diabetes should be targeted for nutritional interventions and lifestyle changes.
Transtornos mentais maternos graves e risco de malformação congênita do bebê: uma metanálise
Authors: Pereira Priscila Krauss , Lima Lúcia Abelha , Magnanini Mônica Maria Ferreira , Legay Leticia Fortes , Lovisi Giovanni Marcos
Published: September 2016

O risco de ter malformações parece ser maior em bebês de mães com transtornos mentais em comparação com bebês de mães sem histórico de transtornos psiquiátricos. O objetivo deste artigo foi realizar uma metanálise dos estudos sobre a associação entre transtornos mentais maternos e malformações congênitas. A revisão consistiu na busca de artigos nas bases MEDLINE, ISIWEB, Scopus, LILACS e SciELO, utilizando-se os descritores: "mental disorders" OR "mental health" OR "psychotic disorders" OR "schizophrenia" AND "congenital abnormalities" OR "birth defects". Foram localizados 108 estudos, sendo selecionados cinco artigos de acordo com os critérios estabelecidos. Estes artigos foram incluídos na metanálise, envolvendo um total de 4.194 crianças de mães com transtornos mentais e 249.548 crianças de mães sem tais transtornos. A medida combinada revelou associação significativa entre exposição a transtornos mentais maternos e risco de malformações (RR = 2,06, IC95%: 1,46-2,67). O presente estudo evidencia a relação entre saúde mental materna durante a gravidez e suas repercussões na saúde do bebê.
Sex inequalities in HIV-related practices in the Brazilian population aged 15 to 64 years old, 2008
Authors: Pascom Ana Roberta Pati , Szwarcwald Célia Landmann
Published: September 2016

The objective of this study is to analyze gender differences in HIV-related practices in the Brazilian population. A national survey was carried out in 2008 with a sample size of 8,000 individuals aged 15-64 years old. The sampling was stratified by macro geographical region and urban/rural areas. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the main predictors of consistent condom use. The results showed that women have less sexy, start sexual life later than men, have fewer casual sexual partners, but use condom less frequently than men. On the other hand, the coverage of HIV testing is significantly greater among women. Significant differences by gender were seen in all HIV-related risky practices. The greater vulnerability was always associated with women, with exception of HIV testing. The low proportion of condom use in infidelity situations was a problem for box sexes and deserves special consideration when developing prevention strategies.
Implementation of respondent-driven sampling among female sex workers in Brazil, 2009
Authors: Damacena Giseli Nogueira , Szwarcwald Célia Landmann , Barbosa Júnior Aristides
Published: September 2016

Female sex workers are known in Brazil and elsewhere in the world as one of the most-at-risk populations for risk of HIV infection, due to their social vulnerability and factors related to their work. However, the use of conventional sampling strategies in studies on most-at-risk subgroups for HIV is generally problematic, since such subgroups are small in size and are associated with stigmatized behaviors and/or illegal activities. In 1997, a probabilistic sampling technique was proposed for hard-to-reach populations, called Respondent-Driven Sampling (RDS). The method is considered a variant of chain sampling and allows the statistical estimation of target variables. This article describes some assumptions of RDS and all the implementation stages in a study of 2,523 female sex workers in 10 Brazilian cities. RDS proved appropriate for recruiting sex workers, allowing the selection of a probabilistic sample and the collection of previously missing information on this group in Brazil.
Improving survival in children with AIDS in Brazil: results of the second national study, 1999-2002
Authors: Matida Luiza Harunari , Ramos Jr. Alberto Novaes , Heukelbach Jorg , Sañudo Adriana , Succi Regina Célia de Menezes , Marques Heloisa Helena de Sousa , Negra Marinella Della , Hearst Norman
Published: September 2016

The objective of this study is to characterize survival in children with AIDS diagnosed in Brazil between 1999-2002, compared with the first national study (1983-1998). This national retrospective cohort study examined a representative sample of Brazilian children exposed to HIV from mother-to-child transmission and followed through 2007. The survival probability after 60 months was analyzed by sex, year of birth and death, clinical classification, use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and prophylaxis for opportunistic diseases. 920 children were included. The survival probability increased: comparing cases diagnosed before 1988 with those diagnosed from 2001-2002 it increased by 3.5-fold (from 25% to 86.3%). Use of ART, initial clinical classification, and final classification were significant (p < 0.001) predictors of survival. Issues regarding quality of records and care were identified. The results point to the success of the Brazilian policy of providing ART. The improvement of clinical status contributes to quality of life, while indicating challenges, particularly practices to improve long-term care.
Optimisation of magnesium oxychloride cement properties by silica glass
Authors: Brichni Amal , Hammi Halim , Aggoun Salima , Mnif Adel
Published: September 2016

The influence of different parameters on magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) was investigated in this study. The use of experimental design was found to be very beneficial for determining suitable experimental conditions to obtain a better composition of cement. The studied factors used to model and optimise the operating parameters were stirring speed, mixing time, mass ratio of magnesium chloride/magnesium oxide, silica glass powder (SGP) percentage and SGP particle size. The considered responses were compressive strength and setting time. The phase compositions of MOC were evaluated by x-ray diffractograms, the morphological properties were examined by means of scanning electron microscopy and phase decomposition was analysed using differential thermal analysis/thermogravimetric analysis. It was found that the use of SGP can enhance the water resistance of MOC by the formation of forsterite, which can limit the decomposition of phase 5 and prevent the formation of brucite in water.
Centrifuge modelling of spudcan–pile interaction in soft clay overlying sand
Authors: Xie Y. , Leung C. F. , Chow Y. K.
Published: September 2016

When a jack-up rig is installed in close proximity to an existing piled jacket platform, the massive soil movements induced by spudcan penetration may damage the adjacent piles. In 2012 the authors reported the findings of an extensive centrifuge model study on spudcan–pile interaction in soft clay. As a seabed profile may consist of soft clay over stiff soils and the spudcan–pile interaction phenomenon in such case is expected to be significantly different from that in soft clay, the earlier study is extended to investigate the interaction of a spudcan with adjacent piles in a soft clay overlying sand profile. Besides centrifuge tests on model spudcans, tests on half-spudcans placed behind the transparent window of the model container have been conducted to evaluate the soil movements and failure mechanism for various model configurations and soil conditions. The experimental results and findings are presented in this paper.
O DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL AO MÍNIMO EXISTENCIAL E SUAS REPERCUSSÕES AO TRABALHADOR: NECESSIDADE DE ADOÇÃO DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS?
Authors: Gomes Eduardo Biacchi , Jaboniski André Leonardo
Published: September 2016

O presente estudo tem o objetivo de realizar uma análise acerca dos principais aspectos que envolvem os direitos fundamentais e, principalmente, a vinculação do Estado e da Administração Pública na aplicação e promoção de políticas públicas hábeis a realizar os direitos fundamentais na maior medida do possível, observando, para tanto, os princípios e diretrizes que norteiam a atuação estatal, bem como a observância à reserva do possível, como limite fático à garantia do mínimo existencial do trabalhador
DIREITO À INTIMIDADE E À VIDA PRIVADA: A TRANSPOSIÇÃO DOS LIMITES NO RELACIONAMENTO CONJUGAL
Authors: Lando Giorge Andre , De Araújo Oliveira Raing Rayg
Published: September 2016

O casamento representa a conjugação do destino de duas pessoas, estabelecido pela comunhão plena de vida, onde os cônjuges devem se pautar pela igualdade de direitos e deveres, o que inclui os direitos da personalidade, especialmente, o direito a intimidade e privacidade. O presente artigo tem por objetivo identificar os fatos que separam a intimidade da vida privada nos relacionamentos conjugais, bem como os direitos que derivam por meio do casamento. Tratar-se-á de um estudo avaliativo, comparativo, descritivo-exploratório, com abordagem mista, qualitativa e quantitativa, com pesquisa de campo e também de cunho documental. Apesar da construção jurídica em torno do direito à intimidade e à vida privada ser um tanto recente, não seria certo afirmar que tais direitos não foram resguardados antes de sua efetiva sistematização. Com efeito, os fatos que culminaram para o efetivo disciplinamento vieram de institutos clássicos. A discussão dos direitos da personalidade no casamento entre o casal é de fundamental importância, não somente para conhecimento dos mesmos como para sua efetivação. Nesse sentido, pretende-se propor uma terceira classificação além da privacidade e intimidade, a intimidade conjugal, esfera esta que abrangeria fatos que são apenas de interesse do casal, mesmo quando um dos cônjuges entende se tratar de algo sigiloso.
DO BACHARELISMO TRADICIONAL AO BACHARELISMO DO SÉCULO XXI: A MASSIFICAÇÃO E A DESELITIZAÇÃO DA GRADUAÇÃO EM DIREITO
Authors: Rocha Felipe José Nunes , Sousa Mônica Teresa Costa
Published: September 2016

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar o surgimento e desenvolvimento do fenômeno do bacharelismo no Brasil, partindo de uma análise de elementos culturais, sociais e políticos do período colonial que influenciaram a forma como tal fenômeno surgiu e se consolidou no período imperial. Além disso, pretende-se analisar a possibilidade de se falar no surgimento de um novo bacharelismo, no final do século XX e início do século XXI, a partir de dados relativos ao ensino jurídico e aos bacharéis em Direito em tal período, bem como quais seriam os elementos característicos e as consequências desse novo fenômeno. Após a realização da pesquisa, verificou-se que é possível falar em um novo bacharelismo, caracterizado por um processo de deselitização e de massificação das graduações e dos cursos de Direito cujos efeitos são prejudiciais para a cultura jurídica brasileira.
Análise da percepçãp dos diabéticos tipo 2 sobre a doença e o tratamento
Authors: Tavares Marcelo Caetano De Azevêdo , Souto Maior Ferreira Neta Jacy , Aimée Lins de França Jéssica , Dos Santos Ribeiro Jonathan Nícolas , Lima Barbosa Camila , Silva e Silva Valesca Nayara , Martins Vancea Denise Maria
Published: September 2016

Introdução: Diabetes Mellitus é um grupo de doenças metabólicas, caracterizado por hiperglicemia resultante de defeitos na secreção e/ou na ação da insulina. O diabético precisa desenvolver determinadas competências para lidar com os sintomas e limitações da doença. Desta forma, interpretações que os sujeitos dão à saúde fazem parte da série de concepções, valores e experiências. Objetivo: analisar o conhecimento dos diabéticos tipo 2 sobre a doença e o tratamento. Métodos: estudo descritivo realizado com 30 pessoas com Diabetes tipo 2 participantes do Programa de Exercício Físico Supervisionado para Diabéticos, utilizando um questionário adaptado. Os dados foram tabulados utilizando-se a medida de frequência relativa e absoluta. Resultados: apenas 23,3% dos diabéticos sabem o que é diabetes, 53% não sabem identificar estado de hiperglicemia e hipoglicemia, 67% não sabem explicar as complicações crônicas. Conclusão: verificou-se que o nível de conhecimento foi insatisfatório, visto que existem falhas nos hábitos alimentares, educação sobre a doença e seus cuidados e exercício físico.
Doença Meningocócica: Características Epidemiológicas do Hospital Municipal Souza Aguiar no Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil entre 2010-2014
Authors: Pessuti Fernando , Soriano Dina , Maciel Bruno Boechat
Published: September 2016

A doença meningocócica (DM) representa uma importante preocupação à saúde pública mundial. No âmbito do estado e da cidade do Rio de Janeiro a DM possui primordial relevância, tendo sido historicamente fonte de vários surtos e epidemias. Esse estudo longitudinal retrospectivo tem como objetivo analisar as características epidemiológicas das internações por doença meningocócica no Hospital Municipal Souza Aguiar (HMSA) a partir de três variáveis: sexo, idade, motivo de alta ou evolução entre o período de janeiro de 2010 a abril de 2014. Esses dados apontam numericamente o perfil dos pacientes diagnosticados com DM no HMSA, destarte, pode auxiliar o sistema de vigilância epidemiológica do município do Rio de Janeiro a intervir mais especificamente tanto no que tange a prevenção de incidência quanto de óbitos decorrentes das infecções meningocócicas.
SOROPREVALÊNCIA DO HIV NA POPULAÇÃO PRIVADA DE LIBERDADE
Authors: Vale Everton Pantoja , Carvalho Luane Da Silva , Pereira Francis Christian Da Silva
Published: September 2016

Os detentos apresentam maior vulnerabilidade ao Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana–HIV, que resulta em uma doença crônica e progressiva, podendo levar a destruição do sistema imunológico e também a outras Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (IST) devido a fatores de risco como: compartilhamento de seringas, sexo desprotegido e outros. O objetivo deste estudo foi monitorar a prevalência do HIV circulante no Instituto de Administração Penitenciária do Amapá- IAPEN, no ano de 2013. Foram analisados 1.167 (um mil cento e sessenta e sete) dados brutos de internos do IAPEN, dos sexos masculino e feminino que realizaram sorologia para HIV, eram maiores de 18 anos de idade, duranteuma ação de saúde realizada pelo Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Estado do Amapá (LACEN-AP), emparceria com Ministério da Saúde no ano de 2013. Através deste estudo pôde-se constatar que 18 indivíduos apresentaram resultado reagente para HIV, representando assim 1,54 % da população estudada e em relação a análise de fatores de riscos o p não obteve resultado significativo, >0,05. Considerando a importância do conhecimento deste agravo para a população, os resultados obtidos ajudam a conhecer os fatores de risco, sua significânciae a prevenir a disseminação do HIV no grupo estudado. Palavras-Chave: Fatores de risco,HIV, IAPEN, Amapá.
Integration in elementary funktions of two-way pulse – propagation equation in optical fibers for power nonlinearity
Authors:   Samara State Aerospace University, Alimenkov I. , Pchelkina Yu. ,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: September 2016

It is found in elementary functions the solutions of two-way pulse – propagation equation in optical fibers for power nonlinearity.
Temporary "compression" of femtosecond pulses in the focus of truncated microellipsoid
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kozlova E. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Kotlyar V. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: September 2016

Truncated ellipsoid which all parallel incident rays collects on it’s flat surface is designed. Simulation by (FD)2TD method of focusing of femtosecond pulse (duration 1.24 fs and the carrier wavelength λ = 532 nm) by a silica truncated microellipsoid with smaller cross-sectional diameter of 1.16 mm showed that the ellipsoid gives an elliptical focus spot with a smaller diameter FWHM = 0,38 λ. At the same time the pulse duration at the focus of a few percent smaller than the duration of the incoming pulse.
Resonant laser focus light by uniformity dielectric microcylinder
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kozlov D. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Kotlyar V. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: September 2016

In this paper we provide a numerically obtained result for analytical solution for the problem of monochromatic nonparaxial Gaussian beam diffraction by uniform dielectric cylinder, which yields a focal spot outside the cylinder with linear sizes twice less than the diffraction limit in the free space in case of cylinder radius comparable with the wavelength. Although the radius of cylinder is only two times larger than the wavelength, the produced intensity in focal spot is 48 times larger than the maximal intensity of incident Gaussian beam. Two percent deviation from the resonant radius (for a fixed wavelength) causes the focal spot increase in half, and the resulted intensity in focal spot drop to value of 12 times greater than the incident beam intensity. Obtained solution corresponds to the growth of the Bessel function of order 18 coefficient in E-field amplitude Bessel series expansion.
Fracxicon as hybrid element between the parabolic lens and the linear axicon
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ustinov A. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Khonina S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: September 2016

In previous studies we shown on the basis of the geometrical-optical analysis that the fracxicon (generalized optical element of the parabolic lens and the linear axicon) formally produces an infinitely large value of the intensity on the optical axis. Within frame of the paraxial wave model this caustic effect was not found. In this paper, we consider plane wave diffraction on the fracxicon in nonparaxial wave model and we show that at high numerical aperture the fracxicon with an exponent close to 3/2, is actually analogue of the hyperbolic lens optimally focusing incident beam.
Formation of images using multilevel diffractive lens
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazanskiy N. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Khonina S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University, Skidanov R. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University, Morozov A. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kharitonov S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University, Volotovskiy S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2016

We present the formation of images using multilevel diffractive lens. An analytical and numerical calculation are presented for the formation of images when diffractive lens illuminated by radiation at different wavelengths in the paraxial and nonparaxial wave models. Multilevel and quantized diffractive lenses are considered. We present computational and experimental results.
Design of refractive optical elements with two free-form surfaces for generation of prescribed illuminance distribution
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of SciencesImage Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kravchenko S. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Moiseev M. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University, Doskolovich L. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: September 2016

New optimization method for design of refractive optical elements with two free-form surfaces is presented. Algorithm of design consists of two parts: generation of initial approximation and the further optimization of outer surface parameters from condition of producing prescribed illuminance distribution. As an example the optical element generating uniformly illuminated rectangular region with angular sizes 60° × 40° with extended 1x1 mm Lambertian light source is computed. The light efficacy of optical element is about 88,5% and the relative root-mean-square error of generated illuminance distribution is less than 8,5 %.
Design of reflective surface focusing light flux into an arbitrary curve
Authors:   mage Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borisova K. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Moiseev M. ,   mage Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University, Doskolovich L. ,   mage Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University, Andreev E. ,   mage Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: September 2016

A numerical-analytical approach is proposed for designing reflective surface producing prescribed irradiance distribution on the curve with specified shape. Method consists of two steps: computation of eikonal function on curve and reconstruction of the reflective surface using precomputed eikonal function. Reflective surface generating spiral line and module of backlight system for displays are designed. The simulation results demonstrate high-quality of the proposed method: light efficiency of backlight system is 86.5 % and uniformity of illuminance distribution is 93 %.
Formation of bessel beams by vortex axicons
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Skidanov R. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Ganchevskaya S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: September 2016

Was considered the formation of Bessel beams by vortex axicons with different topological charges patterns. Presented the results of mathematical simulation and experiments.
Hierarchical compression for hyperspectral image storage
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gashnikov M. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Glumov N. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: September 2016

We investigate the possibility of using of hierarchical storage compression for problem of hyperspectral images storage. Results of image analysis of SpecTIR and AVIRIS spectrometers shown. Approximation of the spectral channels is proposed to improve the efficiency of the method while still allowing access to individual components. Computational experiments to study the efficiency of the developed algorithms on 16-bit hyperspectral images implemented.
Atmospheric correction of hyperspectral images using approximate solution of modtran transmittance equation
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Belov A. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Myasnikov V. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: September 2016

The paper presents a method of atmospheric correction of spaceborne hyperspectral images. The method based on approximate solution of MODTRAN transmittance equation using simultaneous analysis of spaceborne and airborne hyperspectral images.
A comparison of algorithms for supervised classification using hyperspectral data
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kuznetsov A. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Myasnikov V. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: September 2016

The present work is concerned with the problem of selecting the best hyperspectral image (HSI) classification algorithm. There are compared the following algorithms in our paper: decision tree using cross-validation function, decision tree C4.5 (C5.0), Bayesian classifier , maximum likelihood classifier, minimizing MSE classifier, including a special case - classification on conjugation, spectral angle mapper classifier(for mean vector and nearest neighbor) and support vector machine (SVM). There are presented experimental results of these algorithms for hyperspectral images received by AVIRIS satellite and during SpecTIR project.
Morphological shape descriptors of binary images based on elliptical structuring elements
Authors:   FGUP “GosNIIAS”, Sidyakin S. , Vizilter Yu. ,   FGUP “GosNIIAS”
Published: September 2016

In this paper, we proposed algorithms for constructing continuous skeletons with elliptical structuring element (SE). The transformation between disk and elliptical skeletons is described. Computationally efficient discrete-continuous approach for the construction of morphological descriptors (spectra and maps) with fixed elliptical SE is proposed based on elliptical skeletons. The definitions of morphological elliptical maps, size spectra, directions spectra, elongation spectra with arbitrary elliptical structuring element is proposed. Definitions of two-dimensional spectra with various combinations of size and shape factors is given. Proposed morphological descriptors can be used directly for shape comparison or for shape segmentation into simple geometric parts of specified thickness, direction and elongation.
Digital image watermarking on triange grid of feature points
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Verichev A. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Fedoseev V. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: September 2016

The paper presents a digital watermarking scheme robust to geometric distortions of an image. The proposed scheme is based on Delaunay tessellation built on a set of feature points. Various feature points extraction methods are outlined and the best one for the watermarking scheme is chosen. Embedding and extracting algorithms are presented, emphasize being on the procedures of perceptual masking of the embedded watermark according to the human visual system. Numerical experiments are performed to demonstrate robustness of the proposed watermarking scheme to a wide range of geometric distortions.
A new robust information hiding method for video
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Mitekin V. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Fedoseev V. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: September 2016

A new method for information hiding in digital video is presented in this paper. The proposed method is based on multi-bit frame-by-frame information hiding technique and does not require a temporal synchronization during blind information extraction. This means, proposed method provides hidden information robustness against both malicious and non-malicious frame dropping (temporal desynchronization). A new approach to randomized distribution of hidden information bits across the video frames was implemented to increase method’s embedding capacity compared to known video watermarking and information hiding techinques, robust again temporal desynchronization. Provided experimental results shows that proposed method provides hidden information robustness against frame cropping, frame loss and lossy compression using MPEG-4 and MJPEG algorithms. The proposed method is also highly robust against known “watermark estimation” attack aimed at estimation of hidden information without knowing the embedding key or non-watermarked video. Proposed information hiding method was also compared with Davey - MacKay “watermark code” redundand coding algorithm, which is also aimed at “frame loss” error correction. As a result, proposed method showed better code rates when used for small (up to 704 bits) message length.
Method for texture classification using image structural features
Authors:   Institute for Informatics and Automation Problems of the National Academy of Sciences, Asatryan D. ,   Russian-Armenian (Slavonic) University, Kurkchiyan V. ,   Russian-Armenian (Slavonic) University, Kharatyan L. ,   Russian-Armenian (Slavonic) University
Published: September 2016

In this paper, novel method for texture analysis and classification based on using image structural properties is proposed. It is known that the Human Visual System successfully perceives an image content by visualized collection of existing edges. In this paper, we propose to use the collection of gradient magnitudes as the characteristics of the structure of an image. Gradient magnitude is assumed to be a random variable with two-parameter Weibull distribution, and as a characteristic of the proximity of the two images we use a special measure of proximity of the parameter estimates of the corresponding distributions. Classification is made by method of comparison with the etalon using the database of the University of Heidelberg (Germany) which contains 10 texture classes. As an etalon is used the set of average values of the parameters estimates of the Weibull distribution, calculated by the magnitude gradients of training set of texture, and comparison is performed using the proposed proximity measure. The analysis revealed two virtually indistinguishable classes, and for the remaining eight classes it is shown that the classification error on the average is about 18%.
Automatic classification algorithm of quick bird images in the problem of evaluating of forest completeness
Authors:   Institute of Computational Technologies MES RK, Terehov A. , Makarenko N. ,   Institute of Computational Technologies MES RK, Pak I. ,   Institute of Computational Technologies MES RK
Published: September 2016

Automated technology based on ultra-high spatial resolution (QuickBird) satellite data has been developed to estimate fraction of projective covering by crowns of trees and calculate forest integrity on the sample of Aman-Karagaisky forest in the Northern Kazakhstan. The processing algorithm is based on the threshold allocation of mask of shadows and its succeeding morphological filtering. The map of forest’s test area integrity built by Land Cover Classification System [LCCS] criteria have an accuracy of 82.5% relatively to the corresponding map based on an expert decoding.
The use of coupled photonic crystals cavities for increasing the sensor sensitivity
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Egorov A. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Kazanskiy N. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University, Serafimovich P. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: September 2016

A two-fold way to increase the sensitivity of the optical sensor is proposed and numerically investigated. The sensor based on the coupled photonic crystal cavities is calculated as an illustration of the proposed approach. The correspondence between analytical and numerical modeling approach is demonstrated.
Calculation of the resonant radius of a dielectric cylinder illuminated by a plane TE-wave
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kotlyar V. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Kozlov D. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University, Kovalev A. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: September 2016

When a dielectric circular cylinder of specific radius is illuminated by a plane wave, a whispering gallery mode (WGM) is generated in the cylinder. This resonant radius of the cylinder can be derived numerically on the assumption of the maximal value of the coefficient in a Bessel series expansion of the E-field amplitude of the TE-wave. Equations composed of cylinder functions are obtained, allowing the cylinder’s resonant radius to be calculated approximately. For instance, based on the equations, one can accurately determine eight initial significant digits of the cylinder resonant radius for a WGM with mode number N = 26 to be generated. In a cylinder with refractive index n = 1.59 and resonant radius R = 3.469239λ (λ is wavelength), a WGM with mode number N = 30 is excited. Such a WGM cylinder can generate an external focal spot of size 0.15λ, with its maximal intensity being 1500 times higher than that of incident light.
Analysis of the orbital angular momentum of superposition of diffraction-free Bessel beams with a complex shift
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kovalev A. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Kotlyar V. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University, Porfirev A. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University, Kalinkina D. ,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: September 2016

We derive an analytical relationship for calculating the normalized orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the superposition of off-axis Bessel beams characterized by the same topological charge. This relationship enables generating nondiffractive beams with different intensity distributions but identical OAM. As a result of a complex shift of the Bessel beam, the transverse intensity distribution and OAM of the beam are also shown to change. We show that in the superposition of two or more complex-shifted Bessel beams, the OAM may remain unchanged, while the intensity distribution is changed. Numerical simulation is in good agreement with theory.