bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relation between pulmonary function tests and ultrasonographic changes of asymptomatic anterior chest wall joints in rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: Mortada Mohammed A. , Abdelrahman Fatma Ibrahim , Abdul-Sattar Amal , Mansour Waleed
Published: January 2022

Background

Ultrasonography can detect different changes in anterior chest wall (ACW) joints in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) even before being clinically manifested. Airways, pleura, lung parenchyma, and vascular compartment all may be attacked by RA. This study was aiming at detecting the relation between ultrasonographic changes of asymptomatic ACW joints and pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in patients with RA.

Results

US detected subclinical changes of ACW joints in (74.2%) of RA patients with significant difference between total US changes in RA (74.2%) and control (21.2%) (p < 0.001). MSJ ankylosing and erosions were highly associated with limited chest expansion in RA group (P <0.001). Restrictive PFTs were associated with SCJ synovitis (p < 0.05), SCJ PD activity (p < 0.05), SCJ erosions (0.02), and highly associated with MSJ ankylosing and erosions (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that ultrasonographic subclinical changes in ACW joints are associated with restrictive pattern by spirometry and limited chest expansion in RA patients.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05119491. Registered 15 November 2021—retrospectively registered.
Don't blame all patient safety errors on COVID-19
Authors: Tingle John
Published: January 2022

John Tingle, Lecturer in Law, Birmingham Law School, University of Birmingham, discusses several recent reports on patient safety and health quality
From staff nurse to nurse consultant: Team working part 8: the multidisciplinary team
Authors: Fowler John
Published: January 2022

John Fowler, Educational Consultant, explores ways to enhance teamwork
COVID vaccines: then and now
Authors: Foster Sam
Published: January 2022

Sam Foster, Chief Nurse, Oxford University Hospitals, reflects on the contrast between the crowds attending for the first vaccinations in early 2021 and the reluctant latecomers emerging a year later
The psychological effects of working in the NHS during a pandemic on final-year students: part 2
Authors: Kane Claire , Wareing Mark , Rintakorpi Esa
Published: January 2022

This study explored the psychological experience of a small cohort of nursing and midwifery students who had been deployed to work in the NHS during the COVID-19 pandemic. The students were employed on band 4 contracts within an acute NHS Trust in the South of England. Overall, students found the experience of being deployed into clinical practice during a major public health emergency a valuable and unique experience that strengthened their resilience. However, students reported a significant level of personal obligation to opt-in to deployment. Working within clinical areas caused heightened anxiety and uncertainty, which was alleviated by managerial support.
Solving the problem of IV dislodgement
Authors: Munoz-Mozas Gema
Published: January 2022

Most patients in hospital will have some form of intravenous (IV) catheter in situ at some time to facilitate the administration of IV therapy. Accidental dislodgement, although widespread, is often unrecognised as a contributor to IV catheter failure. Dislodgement usually contributes to the delay in the administration of treatment, time-consuming IV restarts and a potential need for more invasive procedures. Dislodgement has serious implications, with costs to both patient and healthcare costs. Historically, prevention of IV catheter dislodgement has focused on the use of the correct securement methods and technique; however, these fail in many occasions, for example, where patients are confused or during bed transfers. In the recent years, new breakaway connector systems, such as ReLink, have been designed, which allow the tubing to become disconnected when undue pressure or pull is placed on it. This is done by a safety release valve that breaks apart, sealing off both ends of the tubing in an aseptic manner, while shutting off medication flow and preserving IV catheter integrity. Awareness raising and education focusing on accidental IV catheter dislodgement and the different ways to reduce its incidence in clinical practice would improve patient safety and potentially have significant healthcare savings.
Reducing the prevalence of antecubital fossa peripheral intravenous cannulation
Authors: Ruegg Leanne , Faucett Mark , Clawson Andrew , Subedi Shradha
Published: January 2022

Observational studies have found that placement of peripheral intravenous cannulas (PIVCs) in the antecubital fossa (ACF) is associated with increased risks of infection, including healthcare-associated Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (HA-SAB). Avoiding placement of the PIVC in the ACF area along with other preventive measures such as aseptic technique, staff education on documentation, standardised insertion packs and alerts for timely removal, may reduce the overall risk of acquiring an HA-SAB. Aim: To implement a multimodal awareness programme on ACF cannulas and the risk of infection, and to reduce PIVC-associated HA-SAB in one hospital in Australia. Method: The authors performed a baseline digital survey to identify root causes for clinical decision making related to PIVCs and to raise awareness of the project. The authors performed weekly audits and provided feedback on four key wards over 12 weeks. Simple linear regression was used to look at the trend of ACF cannulation rates over time. HA-SAB rates were calculated per 10 000 occupied bed days. Findings: Improved insertion documentation was observed during the intervention period. The ACF cannulation rates decreased by 0.03% per day during the study, although this did not quite reach statistical significance (P=0.06). There were no PIVC-associated SAB events during the intervention period. The SAB rates decreased by 0.02% per day over the period of the study.
Dental Implants for the general dental practitioner. Part 1: overview and assessment
Authors: Jones Oliver , Hoyle Philippa , Patel Rajesh
Published: January 2022

Dental implants have become an increasingly prevalent treatment option for the replacement of missing teeth. Multiple studies have reported survival rates for implant supported restorations above 90% after 10 years. However, dental implants are not without complications and with their increasing placement, it is more likely that primary care dentists and dental care professionals will encounter patients presenting with problems. The first article in this two-part series provides an overview of implant components and relevant anatomy, as well as outlining a systematic method of undertaking a clinical and radiographical examination of dental implants.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: This series highlights important aspects of dental implants and their associated restorations that dental care professionals should consider when examining and maintaining such restorations, as well as providing an overview of associated biological and mechanical complications.
Pharmaceutical waste: Where's the harm?
Authors: Burke Aoife , Hutchinson Aoife , Johnstone Bridget , Varma Maitray , Husain Hanan , Porter Holly , Rickard Fiona , Sebastian Iriene , Tecle Hermela , Duane Brett
Published: January 2022

Increasingly, healthcare practitioners need to be concerned not only with the type and dose of the medication prescribed to dental patients, but also to how waste is managed. This article discusses the results of a literature review on the harm both to the environment and population health caused by pharmaceutical waste and looks at potential ways of mitigating this worldwide problem.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: The dental team needs to consider how they manage not only general clinical waste but their specific responsibility for pharmaceutical waste
When to consider the use of CBCT in endodontic treatment planning in adults
Authors: Patel Nisha , Gemmell Andrew , Edwards David
Published: January 2022

With the recent publication of European Society of Endodontology (ESE) position statements, newly proposed three-dimensional (3D) classification for external cervical resorption and new techniques such as guided access using 3D printed splints, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has never been more important in endodontics. Furthermore, CBCT machines are becoming more affordable, resulting in imaging being more accessible in primary and secondary care. This, aligned with higher resolution images at lower effective doses, means CBCT must now be considered when planning and delivering a range of endodontic procedures.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: To review the use of CBCT in endodontics and raise awareness of its indications in primary and secondary care.
A pain in the neck: cervical lymphadenopathy in metastatic disease
Authors: Virdee Jaspreet , Hazara Roya , Amin Michael
Published: January 2022

Cervical lymphadenopathy can serve as a silent progressive indicator of systemic pathology and metastatic disease. Incidental or asymptomatic cervical lymphadenopathy can present a clinical dilemma when deciding on appropriate referral pathways and in specialist investigations. Metastasis to the head and neck may be more easily identified than locating the primary tumour site, which often requires a multitude of investigations to achieve an accurate diagnosis. As highlighted in this case report, primary care dentists play a central role in identification of patients with cervical lymphadenopathy who may require urgent specialist input in the context of subclavicular disease.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article highlights the clinical assessment of cervical lymphadenopathy and the investigatory tools used in secondary care to facilitate diagnosis.
The impact of drug therapy on minor oral surgery procedures
Authors: Saleem Khadeeja , Ahmad Paras , Asif Jawaad Ahmed , Karobari Mohmed Isaqali , Noorani Tahir Yusuf
Published: January 2022

Some advanced and slightly more invasive treatments require the use of certain drugs before, during and after the treatment like local anesthetics, vasoconstrictors, anxiolytics, analgesics and antibiotics. All of these can possibly interact with medications a patient is already taking and can also interfere with the current dental treatment and create complications. This article aims to provide necessary information about commonly encountered systemic diseases and associated treating medications, their mechanism of action, possible complications and their management.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article discusses drugs that are used for treating various systemic conditions, but can have a harmful effect on minor oral surgery procedures.
Palliative care in Japanese long-term care facilities
Authors: Iida Kieko , Ryan Assumpta , Payne Sheila , Hasson Felicity , McIlfatrick Sonja
Published: January 2022

Background:

Internationally, the demand for the provision of high-quality palliative care is increasing exponentially. Japan is a rapidly ageing society and it is therefore important to understand the current context to develop practice and inform future resource allocation in long-term care facilities (LTCFs).

Aim:

To describe the broad context of palliative care services, practice, education and policies in LTCFs in Japan.

Methods:

A process of expert elicitation and documentary review undertaken. The WHO palliative care model for public health was used as an analytical framework.

Findings:

Several deficits were identified regarding palliative care in Japanese LTCFs: a lack of palliative care strategy and standardised training for staff, and limited information on the use of palliative care medicines, quality improvement tools and frameworks.

Conclusion:

Such deficits need to be addressed to inform current nursing practice, future training needs for staff, quality care initiatives and decision making for advance care planning and resource allocation to respond to the ever-increasing demand for palliative care in these settings.
Hospice palliative care professionals' opinions, emotions, skills and ethical reflections during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Bovero Andrea , Tosi Chiara
Published: January 2022

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic presented an extraordinary challenge for palliative care in Italy.

Aim:

To investigate the opinions, emotions, skills, resources, critical issues and ethical aspects of palliative care encountered by hospice palliative care professionals in Italy.

Methods:

Content analysis was performed on the answers to a survey distributed by e-mail.

Findings:

A sample of 42 professionals completed the survey. They commonly experienced the pandemic as a challenging situation that highlighted the need for an upgrade to the Servizio Sanitario Nazionale (SSN). Conflicting emotions emerged, namely fear, frustration and sadness, but also hope and solidarity. The lack of adequate personal protective equipment and the fact that caregivers were unable to access their patients due to concerns of infection were the most critical problems. The need for greater training on communication skills and training on end-of-life issues were emphasised by the participants of the survey. Regarding ethical aspects of providing palliative care during the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of guaranteeing humane care and patients' dignity was mentioned.

Conclusion:

The importance of specific training regarding end-of-life care and the central role of empathic communication were confirmed.
Identifying and managing hyperkalaemia in the prehospital environment
Authors: Thomas Marc Gildas , Haddow Paul , Williams Nikki
Published: January 2022

Hyperkalaemia is defined as a high level of potassium within the blood. Potassium concentration is normally tightly regulated at 3.5–5.5 mmol/litre. Hyperkalaemia can have major consequences for muscle, nerve and cardiac function, leading to arrhythmias and cardiac arrest. It has many causes, including disease states, trauma and medication; a tourniquet can lead to pseudohyperkalaemia. Some patients are at a greater risk of developing it. Hyperkalaemia is most accurately identified through blood tests but results of these may not be available prehospitally. Paramedics need to take a thorough history and carry out an electrocardiogram (ECG) to diagnose hyperkalaemia. ECG results can indicate the severity of the condition, and a guide to the ECG changes corresponding to serum potassium levels could help paramedics in diagnosis. Nebulised salbutamol is recommended as the first-line management of hyperkalaemia in several healthcare areas but there are no protocols that enable UK paramedics to provide this, even though emergency vehicles carry the drug and paramedics administer it for other conditions. Establishing such protocols would allow paramedics to treat patients effectively at the scene and en route to hospital.
Practice and beyond: different career paths as a farm vet
Authors: Wapenaar Wendela , Cresswell Liz
Published: January 2022

In this article we invite farm veterinary surgeons to think beyond the traditional career path and evaluate how their skillset can contribute to animal health outside perceived boundaries.
Ewe colostrum quality on commercial Welsh sheep farms
Authors: Page Phillipa , Sherwin Ginny , Sampson Rosalie , Phillips Kate , Lovatt Fiona
Published: January 2022

In advance of the 2020 lambing season, 147 Welsh farmers were engaged in active colostrum management through training and discussion groups. Sixty-four of these farmers returned data on 1295 ewes, including ewe age, breed, body condition score (BCS), number of live and dead lambs born, a description of udder condition, colour of colostrum and a Brix reading. Flock numbers were available from 43 farmers and information on late pregnancy ration from 30 farms.

Results were analysed using a Brix reading cut-off of 26.5% and showed that 76% of samples exceeded this level and were considered of good quality.

With an average of 20 ewe colostrum samples returned per flock, the greatest variation was found to be at the flock level with ewe nutrition considered to be the greatest driver. Concentrate feed space, silage crude protein and the supplementation of concentrates to twin and triplet-bearing ewes were all factors that indicated a potential flock level role in determining the colostrum quality.

Individual level ewe factors appeared to have a much smaller role in determining the quality of the colostrum, with the ease of stripping being the main significant factors. Colostrum quality was more likely to be inadequate if the ewe was reported to be hard to strip (OR 0.56). While not significant in the final regression model, other ewe factors appeared to have an impact on the colostrum quality, such as the BCS and number of lambs born; however, lack of significance in the model may mean they are not significant or that they reflect differences in management between different flocks.

As UK sheep farmers prepare for lambing 2022, and continue to optimise colostrum management and reduce levels of antibiotic given to neonatal lambs, this practical study has demonstrated how sheep farmers can be actively motivated to measure colostrum quality to determine how to optimally manage colostral antibody delivery to individual lambs.
Equine asthma syndrome: managing the environment
Authors: Neal Chris
Published: January 2022

Equine asthma syndrome is arguably the most common non-septic lower respiratory condition diagnosed in horses. In a hospital environment, it is important to be aware of its clinical signs, especially as many horses with the condition will go unnoticed by their owners. Prompt identification can help reduce morbidity within the hospital. Focus on environmental management practices, including feed, bedding and ventilation are well known to reduce the prevalence of the disease within the equine population. This review provides practical advice to equine professionals operating within a hospital environment to minimise respirable particle concentration and the incidence of equine asthma syndrome. A checklist is provided to allow interactive discussion with owners at discharge into how best to reduce the clinical signs of equine asthma syndrome at home.
Upper bounds on the algebraic connectivity of graphs
Authors: Lin Zhen , Miao Lianying
Published: January 2022

The algebraic connectivity of a connected graph $G$ is the second smallest eigenvalue of the Laplacian matrix of $G$. In this paper, some new upper bounds on algebraic connectivity are obtained by applying generalized interlacing to an appropriate quotient matrix.
Looking beyond hours of care: the effects of care strain on work withdrawal among Australian workers
Authors: Constantin Andreea , Hamilton Myra , Zettna Nate , Baird Marian , Dinale Daniel , Gulesserian Lisa , Williams Alison
Published: January 2022

This article advances understanding of the unpaid care–paid work nexus for carers of a person with a disability or illness, or a frail older relative. It examines the relationship between care intensity (measured in terms of both care hours and care strain) and withdrawal from work (measured in terms of both withdrawal of time spent in paid work and withdrawal from career development and progression). The analysis reveals that care strain has a stronger relationship with all dimensions of work withdrawal than care hours. It also reveals that the relationship between care strain and work withdrawal is moderated by a family-supportive work environment. The article sheds new light on the potential role of workplace cultures in mitigating the impacts of work–care conflict.
Political budget cycles in sub-Saharan Africa: new empirical evidence
Authors: Bobbo Amadou , Melingui Bate Adalbert Abraham Ghislain
Published: January 2022

This article re-examines political budget cycles in sub-Saharan Africa. It first examines the effect of elections on fiscal policy according to the rational opportunistic hypothesis. The study then analyses the strength of these effects. Ordinary least squares, fixed effects, random effects and generalised method of moment in system are applied on a sample of 41 countries from 1990 to 2015. Our results suggest that the lead-up to and holding of elections in sub-Saharan Africa lead to increasing government spending, declining tax revenues and worsening fiscal deficits. We also find that democracy and fighting corruption significantly reduce the strength of political budget cycles, while ethnic fragmentation has reverse effects. We recommend improving the quality of institutions that control public action in order to tame political budget cycles in sub-Saharan Africa.
COVID-19 and community band participation: Impacts and the road forward
Authors: Talbert Matthew D. , Edelman Philip
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to survey members of New Horizons International Music Association (NHIMA) instrumental ensembles and community band members (N = 1184) with regard to their music-making experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results of the survey revealed that New Horizons Band (NHB) members and community band members value the social aspect of rehearsals the most, and that suspension of these rehearsals had negative impact on participants’ experiences. Results also indicate that less than 20 per cent of participants engaged in remote learning with their NHB group, suggesting a need to examine the use of technology and remote learning strategies both among senior adult musicians and within the contexts of community music-making.
How can I keep from singing? The effects of COVID-19 on the emotional wellbeing of community singers during early stage lockdown in the United States
Authors: Youngblood Felicia K. , Bosse Joanna , Whitley Cameron T.
Published: January 2022

This study investigates the emotional wellbeing of community choral musicians during the early lockdown stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. In an effort to understand participant wellbeing and document lived experiences in rapidly changing circumstances, the researchers gathered quantitative and qualitative data from almost 400 self-identified musicians in May–June 2020. Responses from community choir members indicated decreased wellbeing as a result of cancelled rehearsals and performances, unfamiliar online musicking practices and loss of community. Other themes included sadness, worry and grief concerning separation from fellow ensemble members and, in the case of ageing choristers, fear that they might not sing with others again in their lifetimes. Ultimately, this article sheds light on the complexity and necessity of sustaining community choirs during the COVID-19 pandemic while addressing the decreased wellbeing of singers as they were isolated in an effort to prevent viral spread through aerosolized means.
‘We are all facing the same problem’: Lived experiences of online participation in the Irish World Music Café community music initiative in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jaber Hala , Garry Fran , Phelan Helen
Published: January 2022

The Irish World Music Café was created in 2015 in Limerick, Ireland, in the context of the Irish Refugee Protection Programme. The Café is grounded in the four ‘PERC’ principles of participatory, ethical, reflexive and creative engagement. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Café moved online on World Refugee Day 2020 with two additional online Cafés thereafter. In January 2021, a review of participation in the Café commenced to guide the decision-making processes regarding content, format and mode of engagement for the immediate and long-term future. The review was qualitative, comprising ten ethnographic interviews and author fieldnotes. Data generated were interpreted using thematic analysis. Three themes were identified through this process: enablers, activities and experiences. It concludes with the proposal that the expanded temporal, spatial and relational opportunities created through the online environment correlate with reduced opportunities for kinaesthetic-tactile embodied experiences. Understanding the dynamic relationship between planes of lived experience is important in the future development of the Café.
Sunnah Ghairu Tasyri'iyyah Yusuf Al-Qardhawi's Perspective and Its Relevance in Building Religious Moderation
Authors: Sumbulah Umi , Zainuddin Muhammad , Bawazier Dio Alif
Published: January 2022

This article contains the moderate thoughts offered by Yusuf al-Qardhawi in understanding al-Sunnah. Sunnah is defined differently according to the scientific field emphasized. There is a definition of sunnah according to hadith experts, ushul fiqih experts and jurists. Sunnah in terms of content, there are sunnah qauliyyah, sunnah fi'liyah and taqririyah. The degree of sunnah is second only to the Qur'an. The division of the sunnah into tasyri'iyah and ghairu tasyri'iyah had its seeds in the classical period of the history of Islamic law. In the contemporary period the division of the sunnah into tasyri'iyah and ghairu tasyr'iyah got its perfect form. One of the scholars who developed the distribution of the sunnah is Yusuf al-Qardhawi. He emphasized a moderate understanding in understanding the sunnah. The trick is to divide the sunnah into sunnah tasyri'iyah and ghairu tasyri'iyah so as not to fall into an extreme understanding, as groups that claim sunnah in its various forms must be obeyed and groups that claim to separate worldly things from religions that are too extreme. This idea is an idea that is considered effective in balancing religious understanding so as not to become a group that is too extreme left or right. Especially in the midst of widespread intolerance, extremism and radicalism that is exposed to some contemporary Muslim society.
ANALYSIS VALUE OF THE OFFICIAL TRAILER OF FILM “THE SANTRI” IN LIVING HADITH PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Kholidun Kholidun , Channa Lilik
Published: January 2022

This study intends to observe moral values in the Official Trailer of the Film "The Santri". The type of this research is a qualitative descriptive study with the research subject, namely the Official Trailer of the Film "The Santri" produced by the Nahdlatul Ulama (PBNU) Board. Descriptive research is research that is obtained in the form of words, pictures from the official trailer of the film "The Santri" and not data in the form of numbers. Primary data collection procedures used using listening, taking notes, interviews, observation (field notes), and documentation. The research results that have been described, namely the Official Trailer of the film "The Santri" contain good moral values for all groups and all ages, including educational, cultural, moral values, strengthening personality, integrity, for the millennial generation in the perspective of Living Hadith. This film can be used as a reference and a means of moral education for children with the guidance of parents as well as for adolescents and can be used as a means of cultivating morals so that the positive values in the film can be digested by the children properly.
Shift in Understanding of The Quran and Hadith about The Early Time of Subuh (Case Study Of Muhammadiyah)
Authors: Danarta Agung
Published: January 2022

Awal waktu subuh menjadi perbincangan yang kontroversial. Ada pernyataan dari sebuah komunitas yang menyatakan bahwa waktu shalat Subuh di Indonesia terlalu pagi. Para ulama juga berbeda dalam menentukan ketinggian matahari waktu subuh. Demikian halnya dengan Muhammadiyah. Pada Munas Tarjih tahun 2020, Muhammadiyah telah menggeser awal waktu subuh  dari -20 derajat menjadi -18 derajat. Tulisan ini  mengungkap berbagai argumentasi Muhammadiyah yang melatar belakangi perubahan sikap dalam menentukan awal waktu subuh serta implikasinya. Metode yang digunakan adalah kajian pustaka dan bersifat deskriptif-analitis. Analisis data dilakukan dengan tehnik analisa isi (content analysis). Berdasar penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pergeseran pendapat fikih Muhammadiyah terhadap awal waktu subuh bukan bermula dari kajian teks al-Qur'an dan hadis, tetapi bersumber pada riset empirik yang dilakukan oleh 3 (tiga) lembaga riset astronomi yang dimiliki oleh Muhammadiyah. Hanya saja hasil riset tersebut masih berada dalam bingkai pemahaman atas teks al-Qur'an dan hadis. Hasil riset semuanya menunjukkan bahwa pada posisi matahari -20 derajat fajar shadiq belum nampak. Fajar shadiq baru nampak pada posisi matahari -18 derajat atau bahkan lebih kecil lagi. Keberanian Muhammadiyah untuk menggeser awal waktu subuh juga didukung oleh fakta bahwa ulama falaq juga berbeda pendapat dan tidak bersepaham mengenai awal waktu Subuh dalam rentang mulai 16 derajat – 20 derajat. Begitu juga dengan berbagai negara di dunia juga berbeda dalam menetapkan standar awal waktu subuh dalam rentang 17.5 derajat – 20 derajat.
Study of Living Hadith Toward The Practice of Fasting Mondays and Thursdays at the Maqamam Mahmuda Islamic Boarding School Central Aceh
Authors: Lukman Jannah
Published: January 2022

It is believed that Monday-Thursday Sunnah fasting can improve the spiritual quality of the students who practice it. Then how is this practice that comes from the Hadith successfully practiced by the students? What is the effect on the character and spiritual building of santri? This study describes the practice of Monday Thursday fasting; teaching method of the Hadith fasting Monday Thursday; and the attention from the Islamic boarding school in reviving the Monday-Thursday fasting in Islamic boarding school environment. The study was conducted in the Maqamam Mahmuda Islamic Boarding School, Central Aceh by using qualitative methods for collecting the data. While the data obtained were analyzed by deductive and inductive methods. After being researched, the the Islamic boarding school has carried out this sunnah of fasting activity very well. This practice of fasting was carried out for the good response of the students to the Hadits of Monday-Thursday fasting Hadith that was taught. In fact, the students do it on their own consciousness. This also has affected the spirituality of the santri, namely the spirit of doing good deeds; exercise patience; educating morality and controlling desire.
Dietary food additive monosodium glutamate with or without high-lipid diet induces spleen anomaly: A mechanistic approach on rat model
Authors: Das Debasmita , Banerjee Arnab , Bhattacharjee Ankita , Mukherjee Sandip , Maji Bithin Kumar
Published: January 2022

Globally, the trend of using food additives and eating ready-made fast food has led to a deleterious impact on immune organs. Monosodium glutamate (MSG), as a food additive in a high-lipid diet (HLD), acts as a silent killer of immune cells. Hence, the present study aimed to evaluate the role of MSG in HLD on spleen injury in rats. Results showed that a 2.52-fold and 1.91-fold increase in spleen index in MSG and MSG + HLD group indicates splenomegaly, whereas a 1.36-fold and 1.29-fold increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines in MSG and MSG + HLD-fed rats, respectively, promote the inflammatory response. Additionally, MSG and MSG + HLD induce oxidative stress by 1.81-fold and 1.1-fold increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in macrophage population, and 1.38-fold and 1.36-fold increased generation of ROS in lymphocytes population, respectively. Furthermore, mitochondrial membrane potential was significantly reduced by 1.43-fold and 1.18-fold in MSG and MSG + HLD groups. Therefore, the current study argues that MSG has more detrimental effects on the spleen than MSG + HLD due to the presence of antioxidants in HLD, which suppresses the deleterious impact of MSG. Hence, it can be inferred that MSG induces spleen injury via targeting redox-guided cellular signaling with inflammatory response, leading to severe immune system anomalies.
Development of teaching material for green and sustainable chemistry in Japan
Authors: Imai Izumi , Tsuchiya Yuka , Ogino Kazuko , Ueno Keiji , Tomita Hitoshi , Makide Kentaro , Tominaga Ken-ichi
Published: January 2022

This study first developed content for a series of textbooks on green and sustainable chemistry (hereinafter referred to as GSC) targeted for university use. The textbooks focus on technology and products that have been awarded prizes in recognition of their contribution and performance toward GSC promotion. We also supplemented the textbooks with a video teaching material on dyeing systems that do not use water. We then surveyed aspiring secondary school teachers about the developed teaching materials using the questionnaire method. The results from university students’ questionnaires showed that 82% understood the importance of GSC and were interested in the subject. Second, we developed a series of leaflets on GSC targeted for use in upper secondary schools. Specifically, the content emphasizes the relationship between high school chemistry textbooks and daily life, other subjects, society, and the global environment. The results showed that approximately 60% of the senior high school students’ first impression of the leaflet was “interesting.” Twenty years after GSC has been defined, it has still not become completely pervasive in Japan. In the future, it will be necessary to foster instructors capable of teaching GSC in secondary education.
Implementation science in New Zealand naturopathic practice: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Leach Matthew J
Published: January 2022

Objectives

Understanding and addressing the barriers to evidence-based practice (EBP) falls within the realm of implementation science. To date, disciplines such as naturopathy have paid little attention to implementation science, meaning the obstacles to delivering best practice care have largely been ignored. This study addresses this knowledge gap by examining the determinants of evidence implementation in New Zealand naturopathic practice.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was open to all New Zealand naturopaths who had Internet access, and were fluent in the English language. Participants were invited to complete the 84-item Evidence-Based practice Attitude and utilization Survey (EBASE) online between February and July 2020.

Results

The survey was completed in full by 104 naturopaths (86% female; 55% aged 40–59 years). While attitudes toward EBP were generally favourable, engagement in EBP activities was reported at a moderate-low level. Factors potentially contributing to the modest uptake of EBP were the moderate level of self-reported EBP-related skill, lack of clinical evidence in naturopathy and lack of time. Enablers of EBP uptake that were supported by the majority of participants were access to the Internet, online databases, EBP education materials, and full-text journal articles.

Conclusions

This study has provided much-needed insight into the level of EBP engagement among New Zealand naturopaths, as well as the various factors impacting evidence implementation. Attitude did not pose a major barrier to evidence implementation; rather, the barriers were largely structural, cognitive and cultural. This suggests that the barriers to EBP uptake in naturopathy are not unsurmountable.
The crystal structure of dichlorido-(2-((4-phenyl-2H-1,2,3-triazol-2-yl)methyl)pyridine-κ2
N,N′)palladium(II), C14H12Cl2N4Pd
Authors: Si Xiang , Yan Qiong
Published: January 2022

C14H12Cl2N4Pd, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.990(3) Å, b = 13.027(3) Å, c = 9.730(2) Å, β = 92.163(4)°, V = 1518.7(6) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0290, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0856, T = 296(2) K.

CCDC no.: 2118554
Особливості підсилення ІЧ-поглинання молекул α-GLY в ефекті SEIRA
Authors: Фесенко О.М.
Published: January 2022

На прикладі молекул α-Gly показано, що в ефекті SEIRA молекулярні групи підсилюються по-різному, найкраще підсилюються заряджені та з неподіленою парою електронів групи. Коефіцієнт підсилення ІЧ-поглинання для багатошарових плівок молекул α-Gly, осаджених на золото, зменшується зі збільшенням кількості шарів молекул і досягає 2–7 рази для різних молекулярних груп. Його можна збільшити у 3–12 разів для плівок, отриманих термічним вакуумним напиленням молекул α-Gly на поверхню золота порівняно з плівками, осадженими з водного розчину. При одночасному термічному напиленні α-Gly і золота спостерігається краще розділення смуг поглинання в ІЧ-спектрах. Показано, що при зниженні pH розчину до 2 відбувається підвищення коефіцієнта підсилення ІЧ-поглинання α-Gly на порядок, що дозволило зареєструватиобертони в тонких плівках гліцину (товщиною 250–275 нм).
Радіаційні втрати у планарному світловоді зі шорсткою межею поділу діелектричних шарів
Authors: Матєвосова О.Г. , Коваленко А.В. , Курашов В.Н.
Published: January 2022

Розвинуто статистичну модель розсіювання світла шорсткою поверхнею планарного світловода, вільну від наближення слабонаправленого світловода. Досліджено залежність величини втрат від висоти профілю показника заломлення, товщини серцевини світловода та кореляційниххарактеристик розсіюючої поверхні. Проаналізовано відмінності розсіювання TE та TM мод, показано, що двовимірна модель непридатна для кількісних оцінок втрат у випадку TM мод.
Ion-Acoustic Turbulence in Plasmas
Authors: Silin V.P.
Published: January 2022

The new properties of plasmas with ion-acoustic turbulence (IAT) related to the turbulent heating of particles are discussed. We expound the ideas of the coarsened theory of IAT, which allows one to describe the strong heating of particles. The description of the competition of the electron heating and the ion heating allows us to open the discussion about the finite existence time of IAT and to give some estimation of such time. It is also demonstrated that theusual model of IAT the yields time-dependent electric conductivity in a constant-strength electric field and a nonlinear time dispersion for the conductivity in a quasistationary field.
Вивчення температурної залежності динамічних параметрів води в поровому об’ємі викопного вугілля
Authors: Алєксєєв А.Д. , Василенко Т.А. , Кірілов А.К. , Молчанов О.М. , Троіцький Г.А.
Published: January 2022

Подано результати дослідження температурних залежностей часів релаксації T1 і T2 та коефіцієнта самодифузії води D у насичених вологою порах викопного вугілля (антрациту). Вимірювання проводили з застосуванням методів спін-ехо і ядерного магнітного резонансу (ЯМР) широких ліній. Резонансна частота для спінів ядер водню 1H становила f ≈ 20 МГц і температура T змінювалася в інтервалі від 90 K до кімнатної. Результати досліджень свідчать про наявність "розмазаного" фазового переходу, що спостерігається в інтервалі температур T = 180–230 К. Енергія цього фазового переходу, оцінена при використанні методу Уо–Федіна, становила U0 = 27–35 кДж/моль. Показано, що енергія активації Ea, яка відповідає температурній залежності T2, зростає при збільшенні T від 4 кДж/моль (90 K) до 18 кДж/моль (300 К). Спостерігалося відхилення температурної залежності коефіцієнта самодифузії D від ареніусової, що пояснюється переходом від об'ємної до поверхневої дифузії при зниженні температури.
Рівняння стану магнітної рідинної системи на основі води та магнетиту, стабілізованої лауриновою кислотою
Authors: Булавін Л.А. , Мороз К.О. , Недяк С.П. , Петренко В.І.
Published: January 2022

У даній статті представлено результати дослідження термодинамічних властивостей магнітної рідинної системи на основі води та магнетиту,стабілізованої подвійним шаром лауринової кислоти, що нанесений на магнетит. Значення термодинамічних властивостей досліджуваноїсистеми розраховано на основі експериментально виміряних для різних тисків і температур значень густини магнітної рідинної системи.Побудовано, проаналізовано та зіставлено з аналогічними даними для води баричні та температурні залежності густини, ізобаричногокоефіцієнта теплового розширення, ізотермічного приросту ентропії досліджуваного ферофлюїду. Отримані експериментальні P–V–T дані магнітної рідинної системи описано за допомогою напівемпіричного рівняння стану Тейта–Таммана. Проаналізовано та зіставлено з аналогічними даними для води температурні залежності параметрів побудованого рівняння стану.
Атомні ланцюжки хлору на поверхні Ag(111)
Authors: Петрова Н.В. , Яковкін І.М. , Браун О.М.
Published: January 2022

Формування ланцюжкових структур хлору на поверхні Ag(111) досліджено методом Монте-Карло із використанням параметрів латеральної взаємодії, розрахованих методом теорії функціонала електронної густини. Показано, що формування ланцюжків зумовлене непрямою взаємодією між адатомами хлору, що є наслідком фриделівських осциляцій електронів провідності при екрануванні частково заряджених адатомів. Проведене моделювання дозволяє пояснити послідовність формування структур хлору на поверхні Ag(111), що спостерігаються в експерименті. Зокрема, з'ясовано механізм переходу від ланцюжкової до гексагональної структури (√ 3 × √ 3)R30º при збільшенні ступеня покриття до θ = 0,33.
Pemenuhan Hak Anak Terhadap Perlindungan Hukum Terkait Dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 Di Balai Rehabilitasi Sosial Anak Memerlukan Perlindungan Khusus (BRSAMPK) Handayani Jakarta
Authors: Pertiwi Intan , Fautanu Idzan , Mustofa Marni Emmy
Published: January 2022

Deviations from norms that commonly occur in social life are deviations from legal norms which are called crimes. Crime as a social phenomenon takes various forms. Starting from the theft of sandals, theft of valuables, robbery, murder, acts of social violence in the family sphere, to violence that occurs among students. Fulfillment of the rights of correctional students as inmates is very important, especially when there is LPKA as an institution or place for children to serve their criminal period. Children who are in conflict with the law are the nation's next generation whose rights must still be fulfilled while they are in this Child Special Guidance Institute. This is because correctional students are also classified as legal subjects. The legal provisions discussed in this paper are only the fulfillment of children's rights at the Center for Social Rehabilitation of Children Require Special Protection Handayani Jakarta. Basically the fulfillment of the rights given has been regulated in Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection, but in reality the fulfillment of children's rights at the Child Social Rehabilitation Center Requires Special Protection Handayani Jakarta has not been fully fulfilled.Keywords: Fulfillment of Children's Rights; Coaching and Services; Legal protection
Bentuk Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Korporasi Sebagai Pelaku Tindak Pidana Dumping Limbah Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun ke Media Lingkungan Hidup
Authors: Wahyudi Anton , Chandra Tofik Yanuar
Published: January 2022

Protection of the environment is a must both for humans themselves. A corporation is a form of business entity which is run by humans to achieve their interests and gain profits. Environment and humans are 2 objects that are very dependent on each other. The integration between humans and the environment on the sustainability of human life itself, will affect various aspects of the Corporation in carrying out its business activities, so that it will affect the environmental system. Thus, the environment will certainly affect human life itself. One of the potentials in this crime is the crime of dumping hazardous waste, which in the nature of Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management, dumping of hazardous waste is prohibited if it is not managed. Protection of the environment is a must both for humans themselves. A corporation is a form of business entity which is run by humans to achieve their interests and gain profits.Keywords: Crime; Waste Dumping; Corporation
State Regulation of Military Production at Mining Plants of the Urals in the Second Quarter of the 19th Century
Authors: Alexandr Bakshaev
Published: January 2022

The activities of the military and naval authorities in organizing military production in the mining industry of the Urals in the second quarter of the 19thcentury have been analyzed in the article. Despite a large number of studies on the history of military management mainly devoted to the period of the reign of Alexander I the organization of the military economy in historiography has not been given sufficient attention. The researchers did not consider the issues of state regulation of the military order at the mining plants of the Urals. The author has made an attempt to analyze the changes in the structure of the economic management of the military and naval departments during the reform of the state apparatus during the reign of Nicholas I, to show their role in organizing the military order at the mining plants of the Urals. The main sources of the research were the legislative and normative acts regulating the organization of the activities of military and naval control bodies, the procedure for manufacturing and accepting military products from mining plants. Also involved are archival materials from the military command and control bodies concentrated in the Federal archives. In the process of analyzing the factual materialhistorical-genetic and problem-chronological research methods were used. As a result the author concludes that the central bodies of military and naval control played the key role in organizing the military order. In particular, the leadership of the artillery department was under the joint jurisdiction of the Artillery Department and the General Feldzheichmeister. The artillery department of the War Ministry was responsible for supplying the army with weapons. It was in charge of determining the volume of the military order monitoring the implementation of military orders and the quality of products through the artillery inspectors located at the mining plants. In the structure of the naval department in the second quarter of the 19th centurythe reorganization took place as well. Due to this reorganization a unified department was created, headed by the Naval Ministry. The mining plants of the Urals supplied shells and metals for the fleet. The author stated that the Artillery Department was responsible for the supply of weapons for the fleet in the structure of the ministry, and the procurement of metals was under the jurisdiction of the Shipbuilding Department
The «Russian type» of Submarines: from «Delphin» to «Bars»
Authors: Vladimir Polikarpov
Published: January 2022

The rise of submarine shipbuilding in Russia of 1900–1915 was influenced by the shortage of financial, technical and personnel resources. And yet the fleet received, along with American and German, boats of domestic design. Their design was concentrated in the hands of the outstanding theorist and engineer I.G. Bubnov, who announced the development of a special "Russian type" of a submarine that embodied the theoretical installations professed by him. The ships created according to Bubnov's designs are often regarded by fleet historians as unsurpassed in the world naval technology. Such a view contradicts the concrete data accumulated in historical research and needs critical consideration. For this purpose it is used classical methods of source studies and analysis of historiographical practice. The actual data indicate the harm brought to the fleet by the monopolization of scientific and technical activities. Submariners have developed a critical attitude towards the imposed type with its inherent number of persistent shortcomings. Bubnov refused to correct the shape of the hull which caused excessive water resistance. At the same time, in an effort to achieve the set speed of the boat, the designer envisaged in his projects such a powerful power plant that it exceeded the real capabilities of mechanical engineering and was also heavy and cumbersome. The boat commanders and engineers pointed out the need to reduce the submerging time of the boats, increase their survivability, add watertight bulkheads, abandon the low-impact mine vehicles of Dzhevetsky system, make the hull shape more streamlined, but the maritime administration preferred to save time and money and dismissed claims, sacrificing the comfort and safety of the crews. The experience of the First World War and familiarization with the most successful American and British designs nevertheless prompted I.G. Bubnov in 1915-1916. to revise the design principles concerning the shape of the hull, the internal structure of boats, the nature of engines, weapons, but the more advanced projects prepared by him could not be realized.