bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New spectrophotometric determination sulfamethaxazole drug via various analytical techniques in pharmaceutical formulation
Authors: Jamil Dalia , Nisreen Kais Abood
Published: December 2023

The first method on the oxidative coupling Amoxixilin reaction with 2,4- dinitrophenyl hydrazine and Sodium Iodate diluted to produce a soluble red-Orange dye product was devised to estimate the Amoxicillin in bulk and pharmaceutical preparation. The concentration range is between 1 and 50 g/mL. Beer's law is met by the product in terms. With a molar absorptivity of 6.2×103L.mol-1.cm-1 and a correlation coefficient of 0.9995, Sandell's sensitivity is 0.059g.cm-2 at 475 nm. A second technique for determining a trace amount in an aqueous solution product is called cloud point extraction (CPE), and it is based on measurements made with a UV-visible spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 480 nm. The correlation coefficient was 0.9996 and the Beer's law concentration range was 0.25–6 g/mL The molar absorptivity was 103623.79 L.mol-1.cm-1. Pre-concentration 25, detection of limit 0.023 µg/mL. The distribution coefficient (D) was 158.6, and enrichment factor was 28.35. The last method is flow injection analysis, which is straightforward to estimate. The Beer's law concentration range was 2-150 µg / mL, Sandell's sensitivity is 0.13 µg.cm-2 at 475 nm, with a molar absorptivity of 2.8×103 L.mol-1.cm-1 and correlation coefficient was 0.9996, it is successfully used for drug estimation. Qualities in a straightforward situation or pharmacological formulations.
Study the Effect of RAGE and HMGB1 Genes Polymorphism on Breast Cancer Susceptibility in Iraqi Female
Authors: Zaki Hind , Abdulsamie H. Alta'ee  , Mushtaq K. Mohammed
Published: December 2023

Background: The most frequent malignancy among women globally is breast cancer (BC). Breast lobules or ducts are the genesis of breast cancer, which is an uncontrolled development of epithelial cells. High mobility group protein box 1 (HMGB1) possesses both pro- and anti-tumorigenic bioactivities, which contribute to its complicated function in carcinogenesis. Damage associated Molecular Pattern molecules (DAMPs) generated following tissue injury include HMGB1, many S100 proteins, and others. RAGE is thought to be a receptor for these moleculAim of the study: The study was aimed to find the High mobility group protein box 1 (HMGB1) HMGB1 (rs1412125) and Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products RAGE (rs1800624) genotypic and allelic frequency. Using Allele Specefic polymerase chain reaction AC-PCR and Polymerase Chain Reaction Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism RFLP-PCR in BC patients and healthy controls, as well as their correlation with breast cancer susceptibility.Material and methods :. Samples were taken at Marjan Cancer Hospital, Babylon. HMGB1 rs1412125 and RAGE rs18400624 polymorphisms were evaluated for patients and controls using the PCR-RFLP and allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) method. SPSS software was used to perform the statistical analysis.Results : There is non-significant difference between patients and control in TT, AA, and TA genotyping of (rs1800624) in RAGE gene (p=0.22), non-significant difference between patients and control in TT, TC, and CC genotyping of (rs1412125) in HMGB1 gene (p=0.09).Conclusion : Our results showed no association between HMGB1 polymorphisms and RAGE and breast cancer risk.
Electronic Structure, Reactivity, and Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Tetrahedral Dinuclear Cobaltous Complexes
Authors: Ali K. Almansori  , Falah S. Abd-Suhail
Published: December 2023

The tetrahedral paramagnetic di-cobaltous complex is an important class of coordination compounds that have many applications in various fields such as catalysis, single molecular magnet (SMM), and spintronics[1], using BP86 functional[24] with def2-TZVP[25], basis set, while the broken symmetry theoretical method was conducted by B3LYP functional, the reactivity of the synthesized paramagnetic di cobaltous [Co2LI2OH] + complex[2] can be enhanced by the lowering HOMO-LUMO gap effect of oxo bridging ligand instead hydroxo ligand, also from the different theoretical approaches for calculating the exchange coupling constant to tetrahedral paramagnetic di-cobaltous complex, we found that the best approach was achieved by Noodlman treatment[3], also for such chemical environments the best calculated spin population was generated by Mulliken spin analysis.
Synthesis, Characterization of New Metal Complexes of Ligand [3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(3-(4-methoxybenzoyl) thio ureido)propanoicacid] (HMP ) and Study of the Biological Activity
Authors: Adel Muhsen Zaml  , Murtadha Abd Ali Farhan
Published: December 2023

A new ligand [3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(3-(4-methoxybenzoyl)thioureido)propanoic acid]   (HMP) was synthesized by reaction of Tyrosine and, 4- methoxy benzoylisothiocyanate ,  and used for the synthesis of a series of new metalcomplexes  cobalt(II) Nickel (II), Copper (II), Zinc(II) , Palladium(II),  Cadmium (II), mercury (II). The mineral complexes were characterized by molar conductivity, elemental analyzes (C.H.N.S), and spectroscopic techniques: electronic spectral UV-Vis , infrared FT-IR , 1H- NMR, 13C-NMR and magnetic properties . The results confirmed that the ligand (HMP) behaves as a Bidentate and coordinates with the metal ion via the oxygen atom of the carboxyl group and an nitrogen atom of the amine group. The antimicrobial properties of all newly synthesized compounds were also demonstrated against the bacterial pathogenic organisms Escherichia coli (G-) and Staphylococcus aurous (G+) by the agar-well diffusion technique. These complexes are more effective against bacteria compared to the Amoxicillin  antibiotic. The aim of this study describes the characterization and synthesis of the new ligand (HMP) derived from Tyrosine and its metal complexes with knowing their effect on selected bacteria.
Analysis of the effectiveness of the offensive game model in elite handball
Authors: González-García Iván , Casáis Martínez Luis
Published: December 2023

The aim of the study was to identify the success variables associated with the level of efficiency established using an offensive game model during the second phase of the 2013 World Handball Championship for men in Spain. Sixteen matches were selected and 1925 units of observation were analysed, of which 8095 events were recorded using the HandballTAS tool (Handball Tactic Analysis System). The variables analysed to determine offensive effectiveness were individual actions, offensive punishment, degree of opposition, field area, location, numerical situation, and duration. The data were subjected to multivariate analysis in the form of binary logistic regression and classification tree. The classification and regression model correctly classified 81.6% of the dependent variables on offensive effectiveness (assist and numerical situation, p<0.05; field area and location, p<0.001). Offensive effectiveness increases with an assist (53%) and decreases with a shot from the wing-shots (53%), and with a 9-metre shot (65%) compared with a 6-metre shot. In respect of location, efficacy was reduced by 69% with shots in the middle zone of the goal when compared with shots in the lower zone. The probability of success was reduced by 49% in the warning of the passive play situation and 43% in the inferiority situation compared to the equality situation.
Exploration and description of certified and non-certified rock climbers’ attitudes, perceived social pressures and control over certification
Authors: Strauss Minette , Stevens Yolanda , Weilbach Theron
Published: December 2023

The current lack of knowledge of certification by South African rock climbers often leads to unclear career paths and untrained and illegal guiding that can ultimately prove fatal. This study explored recreational and certified rock climbers’ attitudes regarding certification, social pressure to obtain certification and the extent of control over certification. A qualitative design was used to interview a total of 28 participants; 11 participants were Mountaineering Development and Training Trust (MDT) certified and five participants were South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) qualified. The remaining 12 participants had no formal training and were non-certified. Data were collected in-person through semi-structured one-on-one interviews. The theory of planned behaviour was used as a theoretical framework to analyse the perceptions of rock climbers of certification in South Africa. The findings showed that the perceptions of non-certified rock climbers might be based on incorrect information. This may lead to certification being considered unnecessary when social pressure is not present. Furthermore, participants argued that only professional guides need proper training; in contrast, instructors teaching climbing did not need the same qualification. Ultimately, a change in the attitude of rock climbers towards the need for training could result in an internationally recognised South African rock-climbing industry with higher safety standards and fewer accidents.
Students’ Perceptions of Using U-Dictionary as A Media in Translation At MTSN 17 Jakarta
Authors: Barokah Okta Muji , Burhayani
Published: December 2023

This study aims to understand students' perceptions of using U-Dictionary as a support tool in the translation process. The study was conducted using qualitative methods and involved students from MTsN 17 Jakarta, who used U-Dictionary in translation activities. Data were collected by translating a descriptive text and collecting data using a questionnaire about the process of using U-Dictionary in translation work of Grade 9 students. Analysis results show that students at MTsN 17 Jakarta has a generally positive view of usage. of U-Dictionary as a means of translation, noting its advantages in understanding and finding equivalents. However, some challenges were also identified, including limitations in dictionary functionality and language capabilities. These results provide valuable insights into the effectiveness and usefulness of U-Dictionary as a translation aid, as well as its potential impact on improving translation performance. of students. This study recommends further development of dictionary technology and better integration into educational programs to support the use of U-Dictionary as an effective means of learning translation.
Correlations Between Preoperative Indicators and Postoperative Histopathological Outcomes in Prostate Cancer Patients
Authors: Arıkan Mehmet Gürkan , Taştekin Ebru , Arda Ersan
Published: December 2023

Objective: Prostate cancer continues to pose a significant health challenge, with diverse prognoses influenced by preoperative and postoperative assessments. This study aims to elucidate the correlation between preoperative clinical indicators and postoperative histopathological outcomes to enhance prognostic models. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the predictive value of preoperative factors, such as age, Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) level, prostate volume (PV), and tumor volume (TV), on postoperative outcomes, specifically focusing on extracapsular invasion (ECI), seminal vesicle invasion (SVI), and positive surgical margins (PSM).
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 63 patients with prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy. Preoperative clinical data, including age, PSA level, PV, and TV, were collected. Postoperative histopathological data were gathered for ECI, SVI, and PSM. Statistical analyses, including correlation coefficients and median comparisons, were employed to identify significant predictors of postoperative outcomes.
Results: The cohort had a mean age of 64.1 years, with PSA levels ranging from 3.65 to 112 ng/ml. Patients with ECI had a median PSA of 14.9 ng/ml, whereas those without had 8.2 ng/ml (p=0.001). Median PV and TV were significantly higher in patients with ECI (PV: 55 cc, TV: 8.07 cc) than in those without ECI (PV: 49 cc, TV: 4.25 cc, p=0.001). Similar significant differences were noted for SVI and PSM, with higher PSA, PV, and TV values in patients with these features (p≤0.042). Age did not significantly affect the outcomes.
Conclusion: Preoperative PSA level, prostate volume, and tumor volume were significant predictors of adverse postoperative histopathological features in patients with prostate cancer. These findings highlight the need for a multifactorial approach in preoperative evaluation and advocate the development of enhanced predictive models for improved clinical decision-making and patient management.
Diagnóstico e Tratamento da Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 em Pediatria: Uma abordagem abrangente
Authors: Braga e Silva Ana Luíza , Amaral Moreira Renata , Fabrício de Araújo Coelho Mariana , De Souza Oliveira Paloma Maria , Ribeiro Santiago Ferreira João Pedro
Published: December 2023

Avanços significativos no diagnóstico e tratamento da Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 (DM1) em pacientes pediátricos representam marcos cruciais no âmbito profissional, proporcionando uma visão abrangente das abordagens terapêuticas emergentes. Dentre as estratégias discutidas, destaca-se o papel fundamental do transplante de pâncreas, como evidenciado por estudos recentes. O sucesso desse procedimento em casos altamente selecionados oferece uma perspectiva otimista, embora a ressalva de que deve ser considerado como última opção, tratado em centros especializados, reforce a necessidade de uma abordagem criteriosa.

Adicionalmente, examina-se a eficácia de inovações tecnológicas, como sistemas de terapia de circuito fechado, insulinas análogas e dispositivos de infusão automática. Resultados positivos dessas intervenções indicam uma mudança significativa no manejo da DM1 em crianças, com melhorias substanciais no controle glicêmico e na qualidade de vida. No entanto, a análise crítica dos estudos ressalta a importância de considerar as nuances específicas da faixa etária pediátrica no desenvolvimento de estratégias terapêuticas.

Aspectos relevantes relacionados às reações cutâneas associadas ao uso de dispositivos como bombas de insulina e monitores de glicose são de extrema importância no contexto multidisciplinar. Ao identificar a prevalência dessas reações e suas implicações, destaca-se a necessidade urgente de diretrizes para prevenção e manejo desses problemas cutâneos em crianças com DM1. Uma abordagem multidisciplinar, envolvendo diabetologistas, dermatologistas e outros profissionais de saúde, emerge como essencial para garantir uma tolerabilidade cutânea aprimorada e, por conseguinte, a eficácia do tratamento em longo prazo para essa população pediátrica.

Por fim, ressalta-se a importância contínua da pesquisa e inovação na construção de um futuro promissor para crianças enfrentando a complexidade da DM1. O enfoque personalizado no diagnóstico precoce, juntamente com intervenções terapêuticas adaptadas às necessidades individuais, promove não apenas avanços clínicos, mas também uma abordagem compassiva na gestão dessa condição crônica em pacientes pediátricos. O estudo conclui enfatizando a necessidade de colaboração contínua entre profissionais de saúde, pesquisadores e a indústria para impulsionar avanços significativos no campo do diagnóstico e tratamento da DM1 em Pediatria.
Abordagem Cirúrgica e Terapêutica de Transplante Pulmonar em Pacientes com Fibrose Cística: Impacto na Respiração e Longevidade
Authors: Menegueli Rufino Isabelly , Rodrigues Danjo Samira , Milanez Scantamburlo Isabela , Venâncio Neves de Moraes Tosta Anna Gabriella , Torres Rosa Maria Clara , Barreto Kauane , Camargo Hirsch Bruna , Luchi Roldi Henrique , Geissler Schmitt Laura , Contadini Veiga Eric , Figueiredo Moisés Marilia , Zanfelice Koutras Giulia
Published: December 2023

A fibrose cística, uma doença genética hereditária, apresenta-se como uma condição crônica que predominantemente afeta o sistema respiratório. O acúmulo de muco espesso nos pulmões leva a danos progressivos, comprometendo a função pulmonar ao longo do tempo. Para pacientes em estágios avançados da doença, o transplante pulmonar emerge como uma alternativa vital, oferecendo a esperança de uma melhoria substancial na qualidade de vida e na capacidade respiratória.

O transplante pulmonar, como intervenção cirúrgica, representa uma abordagem crucial para enfrentar os desafios decorrentes da fibrose cística. Este procedimento, embora promissor, demanda cuidadosa avaliação de critérios de seleção, considerando a gravidade da condição do paciente e outros fatores médicos. A complexidade da cirurgia destaca a importância de uma equipe multidisciplinar especializada para garantir o sucesso do procedimento e a adaptação pós-transplante.

A ênfase na função respiratória como um indicador primordial de sucesso pós-transplante destaca a importância do monitoramento contínuo. Estudos clínicos têm demonstrado significativas melhorias na capacidade pulmonar e na qualidade de vida após o transplante, ressaltando os benefícios positivos que essa abordagem oferece aos pacientes com fibrose cística em estágios avançados. No entanto, desafios como rejeição e infecções pós-operatórias são aspectos cruciais a serem considerados durante o acompanhamento pós-transplante.

Em conclusão, este artigo busca explorar a relevância da cirurgia de transplante pulmonar como uma opção terapêutica eficaz para pacientes com fibrose cística em estágios avançados. Ao examinar os critérios de seleção, os desafios associados e os benefícios observados na função respiratória e na longevidade, destaca-se a necessidade contínua de pesquisa e desenvolvimento clínico para aprimorar a eficácia e a acessibilidade dessa modalidade de tratamento, visando melhorar a qualidade de vida desses pacientes.
Pelatihan Pembelajaran Sains untuk Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Musafira Musafira , Ekawati Darma , Fardinah Fardinah , Sari Alni , Kartini Kartini
Published: December 2023

Pembelajaran sains pada anak usia dini dapat dilakukan dengan cara yang menyenangkan salah satu diantaranya yaitu dengan eksperimen sains. Eksperimen sains sangat penting dan mempengaruhi perkembangan anak usia dini terlebih kemampuan anak dalam berpikir kritis dan menstimulasi pada perkembangan sosial emosional. Hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa guru membutuhkan solusi untuk merancang dan melaksanakan proses belajar mengajar anak usia dini yang menyenangkan, menarik dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan peserta didik terutama dalam pengenalan pembelajaran sains bagi anak usia dini. Solusi atas permasalahan tersebut berupa pemberian program pelatihan pembelajaran. Pelaksanaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan melalui beberapa tahap yaitu: tahap persiapan dengan komunikasi dengan mitra terkait permasalahan-permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran anak usia dini, tahap pelaksanaan dengan memberikan penjelasan pembelajaran sains untuk anak usia dini dan melakukan beberapa eksperimen sains yang dapat diterapkan dalam proses pembelajaran, serta tahap monitoring dan evaluasi dengan mengukur keberhasilan pelatihan pembelajaran sains. Hasil yang dicapai dari kegiatan ini meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam merancang pembelajaran sains yang sesuai dengan karakteristik dan perkembangan anak usia dini, serta para siswa sangat tertarik dan antusias dalam melakukan eksperimen sains.
Pembuatan dan Pemanfaatan Website sebagai Pendukung Terwujudnya Desa Cantik
Authors: Ansar Ahmad , Hijrah Muh. , Rahayu Putri Indi , Kadir Muh. Riswan , Nilawati Nilawati
Published: December 2023

Website desa memegang peranan penting sebagai sistem informasi desa dan mensosialisasikan program kerja desa kepada masyarakat. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman terkait pengelolaan website kepada perangkat Kelurahan Totoli sebagai upaya mendukung Desa Cinta Statistik (Desa Cantik). Pelaksanaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan dalam beberapa tahap yaitu tahap perencanaan meliputi komunikasi dan diskusi dengan mitra terkait permasalahan yang dihadapi. Tahap selanjutnya berupa tahap persiapan, tahap pelaksanaan pelatihan pembuatan dan pemanfaatan website, tahap pendampingan dan evaluasi kegiatan. Pada tahap akhir dilakukan peluncuran website secara resmi. Hasil dari kegiatan ini berupa meningkatnya pemahaman aparat desa terkait pengelolaan website desa untuk mendukung berbagai program desa. Luaran lain yang berhasil dicapai dari kegiatan ini adalah website resmi Kelurahan Totoli sudah dapat diakses dan dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat.
Pembinaan Kreativitas dan Inovasi Pembelajaran Berbasis Digital Interaktif di Sekolah Dasar Islam Terpadu Tahfidzul Qur’an Majene
Authors: Muh. Said Supardi , Andi Seppewali  , Yanti Reski Wahyu , Aisyah Nur , Susanti Sri
Published: December 2023

Penerapan teknologi dalam pembelajaran di tingkat sekolah dasar memiliki signifikansi penting. Di era digital ini, penggunaan teknologi bukan hanya kebutuhan, melainkan suatu keharusan. Namun, masih ada sekolah dasar yang belum mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan teknologi dalam pembelajaran. Beberapa faktor penyebabnya adalah pola pikir konservatif guru dan siswa serta minimnya pemahaman tentang peran teknologi dalam pembelajaran. Program pembinaan kreativitas dan inovasi pembelajaran berbasis teknologi interaktif di SDIT Tahfidzul Qur'an Majene dilaksanakan untuk mendukung sekolah dalam memperkenalkan dan mengimplementasikan pembelajaran yang kreatif dan interaktif. Program ini terdiri dari tiga tahap. Tahap pertama adalah persiapan, melalui sosialisasi tentang manfaat dan tujuan pembelajaran berbasis teknologi interaktif bagi guru dan siswa. Tahap kedua, pelaksanaan, melibatkan pelatihan intensif tentang cara melaksanakan pembelajaran berbasis teknologi interaktif secara efektif. Materi pembelajaran, penggunaan alat-alat digital, serta evaluasi hasil belajar. Tim pengabdian memberikan panduan dalam setiap pertemuan, dengan melakukan pendampingan berkelanjutan bagi guru. Tahap terakhir adalah penyusunan laporan akhir program pembinaan. Kegiatan ini memberikan solusi dalam mengatasi kendala penerapan teknologi dalam pembelajaran di sekolah dasar. Dengan mengurangi hambatan pola pikir konservatif dan meningkatkan pemahaman, program ini dapat meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran di SDIT Tahfidzul Qur'an Majene melalui pendekatan kreatif dan inovatif.
Fake news and the political economy of the media: A perspective of Ghanaian journalists
Authors: Kwode Paul Achonga Kabah , Selekane Nkosinathi
Published: December 2023

The enduring rate at which fake news is disrupting the political economy of the media is the subject of this study. Using a largely qualitative instrument of intensive interviews with 18 journalists purposively selected for the study, we discovered that fake news is one of the banes of journalism in Ghana. Fake news's notorious role in the political and economic realities of the country is not uncommon, as it has created uncountable political controversies. With several of the country's media owned by politicians or persons with a vested interest in politics, it became a practice for players to utilise fake news as a propaganda tool to outwit their competitors through the media. For these architects to fully achieve their goal, social media and affiliated mainstream media were used as instruments to propagate fabricated content against their opponents, especially during the 2020 general elections. This paper also identified the use of artificial intelligence and robotics in the creation of fake news content. The study recommends the need for media organisations in the country to seek the services of fact-checkers as a means of verifying stories, as well as to intensify education on the identification of fake news and possible flagging.
Is ChatGPT a friend or foe in the war on misinformation?
Authors: Senekal Burgert , Brokensha Susan
Published: December 2023

The release of ChatGPT at the end of 2022 met with fears and optimism. One particularly important avenue of research that is emerging revolves around ChatGPT's ability to provide accurate and unbiased information on a variety of topics. Given the interest that Google and Microsoft have shown in similar technologies, it is likely that Large Language Models such as ChatGPT could become new gateways to information, and if this is the case, what kind of information this technology provides needs to be investigated. The current study examines the usefulness of ChatGPT as a source of information in a South African context by first investigating ChatGPT's responses to ten South African conspiracy theories in terms of truthfulness, before employing bias classification as well as sentiment analysis to evaluate whether ChatGPT exhibits bias when presenting eight South African political topics. We found that, overall, ChatGPT did not spread conspiracy theories. However, the tool generated falsehoods around one conspiracy theory and generally presented a left bias, albeit not to the extreme. Sentiment analysis showed that ChatGPT's responses were mostly neutral and, when more emotive, were more often positive than negative. The implications of the findings for academics and students are discussed, as are a number of recommendations for future research.
Social media and culture clash: Examining cultural influence on Facebook crisis communication in Botswana
Authors: Simon Chedza
Published: December 2023

Multicultural crisis communication in Botswana has become complex due to the country’s various ethnicities and cultures. Facebook remains a dominant communication platform, but traditional media is also used to cover organisational exigencies. However, there is a lack of research guiding public relations (PR) practitioners in multicultural crisis communication in Botswana, and this study addresses this gap. Semi-structured interviews with 20 Botswana PR practitioners revealed that they use Facebook to manage crises, but do not engage in online dialogue with the public. Instead, they post status updates and switch to offline cultural communication platforms for face-to-face dialogue. This article proposes and introduces a Botswana-focused model, the Cross Cloverleaf Relationship Model (CCRM), that probably resonates with similar contexts in Sub-Saharan African countries. The model facilitates authentic crisis communication between Facebook and the kgotla system, Botswana's traditional and cultural communication platform. I suggest that multinational companies may find the kgotla system helpful during emergencies in Botswana.
Applying effective feedback principles to promote the ethics of care and justice during emergency remote teaching and learning in three chemical engineering modules
Authors: Roopchund Rishen , Naidoo Vizelle
Published: December 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic lockdown disrupted higher education practices and forced students and lecturers to rapidly migrate to emergency remote teaching and learning (ERT&L). Initially, ERT&L robustly focused on teaching and assessment to complete syllabi, without fully considering care and justice to students who were no longer consolidated in one location.  During the lockdown, students were exposed to socio-economic plights, and mental health challenges, among others. Hence, this article aimed to consider how the pedagogical tool of effective feedback could promote the ethics of care and justice to support students during ERT&L. The feedback practices implemented during the lockdown were maintained after contact lectures resumed, and their effects were quantified to determine the overall impacts on optimizing T&L and ensuring a conducive learning environment- regardless of whether T&L occurs at university or remotely. Effective feedback practices, recommended by the literature, were applied by two lecturers within three undergraduate chemical engineering modules. Lecturer 1 adopted a blended learning approach in modules 1 and 2 before the lockdown, while lecturer 2 functioned as a full contact module. A quantitative research approach was adopted in which module and teaching evaluations were used to quantify the effects of the feedback interventions on T&L in the three modules. The results indicated an overall positive effect, with significant student satisfaction with the feedback interventions adopted from the literature to promote the ethics of care and justice during ERT&L. Based on the methodology and results, an empirical model is proposed to optimize any pedagogical intervention that education practitioners may strive to use to improve their assessment practices.
Propositions for a counter-economy of assessment: Adventures in the assessment of creative arts in higher education
Authors: Jonker Francois
Published: December 2023

This article considers assessment practices within the neoliberal conditions of higher education by posing questions to conceptions of value. As a motivating thrust, this article asks: might there be generative potential that remains unexplored, due to assessment’s direct linkage to the production of human capital? With its central emphasis on value, this article turns towards Brian Massumi’s Postcapitalist Manifesto: 99 Theses on the Revaluation of Value (2018). Guided by Massumi, I compose speculative propositions with which to explore the potential for a postcapitalist reworking of value within the context of assessment. The propositions offered in this paper by no means exhaust the emergent potential of re-thinking assessment, yet my aim is to sow but a few generative seeds that might expand on the potential of what (else) assessment might do. In engaging assessment otherwise, this article foregrounds assessment practices that are pertinent to the creative arts (with particular interest in the pedagogical convention of the studio crit), not as a means to suggest that arts-based disciplines have a superior and well-resolved approach to assessment, but rather to leverage the already tenuous relationship between arts education and assessment. As its objectives, this article aims to (1) contribute to the underrepresented discourse on the assessment of creative arts in higher education and to (2) explore the potential for re-imaginings of arts-based assessment practices to leak into the wider discourse of assessment as a whole. The intention is not to deliver fully formed methodological formulae but to think through assessment with propositions that might be expanded upon through speculative experimentation and future inquiries.
Shifting assessment paradigms in South African higher education: Evolving towards transformative approaches to policy development.
Authors: Sims Danica , Titus Simone , Lundie Samuel , Govender Rajendran
Published: December 2023

Assessment policies facilitate the optimisation of learning and academic performance through the provision of fair, equitable, and standardised criteria for evaluation. In recent years, the assessment policies of three South African universities have been reviewed. These policies, in comparison to their previous iterations, are indicative of transformative approaches taken in assessment practices in South Africa amid broader disruptions to higher education. This article explores shifts in assessment paradigms in South African higher education using a conceptual framework of positivist and behaviourist, interpretative and constructivist, and socio-constructivist views. Document analysis identifies several notable trends, including a shift in the purpose of assessment away from assessment of learning to assessment for learning and assessment as learning. The paradigm shift is characterised by changes in the approach from a rules-based, with specific prescriptions, to principles and values-based approaches. The growing use of alternative and technology-enhanced online assessment methods, along with the need for flexibility, are more prominent additions to these new policies post-COVID-19. However, being mindful of the South African context, culturally sensitive and fair assessment practices, that consider the diversity of South African learners, and the role of assessment in promoting equity, social justice, and quality learning, are highlighted.
Exploring the social aspects of assessment practices in an engineering context
Authors: Hattingh Teresa
Published: December 2023

Assessment is a powerful mechanism to leverage student learning and develop skills and practices that prepare students for the world of work. By extension, assessment can also play a critical role in creating learning contexts that are inclusive, responsive, and transformative. This paper draws on findings from a student survey, lecturer interviews, and student focus groups, conducted in an engineering school in South Africa, that provide a rich picture of the interaction between lecturer intentions, assessment practices, student experiences, and how these influence student intentions, actions, and ultimately learning. The findings presented in this paper focus on the social themes that emerged, highlighting the social nature of assessment practices and the role that these play in student identity, confidence, and engagement. The importance of a purposeful and holistically aligned assessment strategy is highlighted through several social themes, including the fairness and relevance of assessment tasks, feedback and relationships between lecturers and students, group work, the formation of social networks and community, and opportunities for including students as partners in assessment practices. The study reveals that a more collaborative and collectivist approach to assessment is needed. This is a significant finding that provides valuable insights that can be used to transform assessment practices, enhance student success, and facilitate social justice.
Re-imagining assessment in higher education: Creating alternative pathways for inclusive and democratic assessments in Zambian higher education institutions
Authors: Masaiti Gift , Kakupa Paul , Mupeta Sydney
Published: December 2023

This paper interrogates emerging issues and assessment practices within higher education institutions in Zambia. It presents the reflections of a sample of lecturers and students from the country’s largest public university on their assessment experiences during and after the COVID-19 pandemic disruptions. Employing a qualitative research framework grounded in critical social theory, the study uncovers the constructions of assessment in higher education and how current assessment practices, particularly the focus on grades, undermine authentic learning experiences and learner motivation. Through in-depth interviews, participants challenge current practices and envision alternative approaches to higher education assessment that prioritize flexibility and creativity. This article gives a voice to the otherwise voiceless students and lecturers whose insights might be critical in transforming higher education assessments for student empowerment, equity, criticality, and lifelong learning.
THE PATTERN AND CLINICAL PROFILE OF ALOPECIA AREATA. PANORAMIC REVIEW: UPDATE AND ADVANCES ON ETIOPATHOGENESIS, ASSOCIATED FACTORS, DIAGNOSIS, COMPLICATIONS, MANAGEMENT AND PROGNOSIS IN TREATMENT 2023
Authors: Deysi Milena Bastidas Torres  , María Paula Cantos Pesántez  , Jonnathan Efrén Espinoza Calle  , Jean Pierre Yascaribay Gonzalez  , Diego José Holguin Cagua  , Karen Leonela Bravo Vinces  , Rossanny Cecilia Gómez González  , Diana Marlene Rojas Rojas  , Paola Fernanda Murillo Pineda  , Bryam Esteban Coello García
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic disorder in which the immune system affects the hair follicles, nails, and occasionally, the retinal pigment epithelium. The characteristic manifestation of alopecia areata encompasses isolated, smooth, non-scarring surfaces of hair loss on the scalp or anywhere with hair growth.
Objective: to detail the current information related to alopecia areata, etiology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, histopathology, manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and complications of the condition.
Methodology: a total of 48 articles were analyzed in this review, including review and original articles, as well as clinical cases, of which 32 bibliographies were used because the other articles were not relevant for this study. The sources of information were PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane; the terms used to search for information in Spanish, Portuguese and English were: alopecia areata, hair loss, hair follicles, hair loss, Janus kinase.
Results: The lifetime risk of presenting alopecia areata is approximately 2%, it is the second most frequent non-scarring alopecia, after male and female pattern alopecia. So far no study has shown whether the prevalence of alopecia areata is different between ethnic groups. The first appearance of this alteration is more common between the third and fourth decades of life, however it can occur in any age group. Recent evidence suggests that the origin of the condition is autoimmune, with a significant genetic contribution. This alteration is related to medical and psychiatric comorbidities such as depression, anxiety and different autoimmune disorders.
Conclusions: Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition that generates a sudden and uneven hair loss, affecting any area of the body. Recently, alopecia areata has been interpreted as an autoimmune disease with a genetic substrate. The hair follicles do not suffer permanent damage, which is positive because of the possibility of regrowth. It is of vital importance to know the etiology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, histopathology, manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of the condition. At the moment there is no cure for alopecia areata, however the use of some medications has contributed to the improvement of the symptomatology, there are multiple treatment options available. More studies are needed to treat this condition more adequately.
KEY WORDS: alopecia areata, hair follicles, hair loss, Janus kinase.
COMPARING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CONCENTRATE OF ALL PROTHROMBIN COMPLEX FACTORS WITH RECOMBINANT HUMAN COAGULATION FACTOR VIIa IN THE TREATMENT OF BLEEDING AFTER CARDIAC SURGERY
Authors: Zagórski Maciej , Sejboth Justyna
Published: December 2023

Aim: The authors evaluated the effectiveness of treatment with recombinant human coagulation factor VIIa and concentrate of all prothrombin complex factors in patients with massive postoperative bleeding that could not be controlled with traditional therapy.
Materials and Methods: In the period from 2020 to 2021, recombinant human coagulation factor VIIa was administered to 18 patients after cardiac surgery (group I), while the concentrate of all prothrombin complex factors was administered to 16 patients postoperatively (group II). During this period, 647 patients were operated on. The patients had normal coagulation screening tests (APTT, INR, TT, fibrinogen level, and PLT level) before surgery. Mean blood loss before and after administration of eptacog alfa and the total prothrombin complex concentrate was assessed. The mean dose of eptacog alfa was 30.95 mcg/kg b.w., and the total prothrombin complex factor concentrate dose was 14.17 mcg/kg b.w. After transfusion with red blood cell concentrate, fresh frozen plasma, and platelet concentrate, in the absence of improvement in the dynamics of postoperative drainage, it was decided to include recombinant human coagulation factor VIIa or a concentrate of all prothrombin complex factors in the treatment.
Results: After administration of recombinant human coagulation factor VIIa at a dose of 30.95 mcg/kg b.w., bleeding stopped in 12 patients, but the remaining 6 patients required reoperation due to persistently high drainage. The decision to perform a rethoracotomy was made by a team of cardiothoracic surgeons and anesthesiologists, taking into account the dynamics of drainage (bleeding) and the hemodynamic stability of the patient. After the administration of concentrate of all prothrombin complex factors at a dose of 14.17 U/kg b.w., bleeding stopped in 12 patients. Four patients required reoperation due to persistent bleeding.
Conclusions: Treatment with recombinant human coagulation factor VIIa and concentrate of all prothrombin complex factors is effective and safe for cardiac surgery patients.
SURGICAL INTERVENTION IN PATIENTS WITH IDIOPATHIC INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE AND PERIANAL DISEASE
Authors: Triantafyllakis Ioannis , Saridi Maria , Toska Aikaterini , Albani Eleni N. , Togas Constantinos , Christodoulou Dimitrios K. , Katsanos Konstantinos H
Published: December 2023

Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence of IBD in gastrointestinal surgery patients and record the disease’s characteristics and treatment.
Materials and Methods: A search was carried out in the archives of the gastroenterology clinics of the University General Hospital of Ioannina and the General Hospital of Ioannina “G. Hatzikosta” in Greece. All cases of operated patients from 1980 to 2018 were examined. The duration of the study was 4 months. Data were analyzed with the SPSS program, v.28.
Results: The total sample consisted of 1464 patients (n=1464). Most of them (915-62.5%) came from the University General Hospital of Ioannina, while the rest (549-37.5%) came from the GHI hospital “G. Hatzikosta”. The mean age of the patients was 47 years (M=47.26, SD=17.34, Min=<1 month, Max=95 years). From the total sample, 58 patients (4%) suffered from IBD; most were men (42-72.41%). Their mean age was approximately 50 years (M=49.63, SD=16.48, Min=25 years, Max=77 years, range=52 years) and most belonged to the age groups of 31-40 years (11 patients- 19.6%) and 21-30 years and 61-70 years (10 patients-17.9%). The perianal disease was present in 43.1% (25 patients). The most frequent type of operation was fistula resection, ligation, curettage-biopsy (24.1%) and opening-drainage (22.4%-13 patients) and the most frequent type of anesthesia was general anesthesia (93.1%-54 patients).
Conclusions: This long-term study of the patients’ data followed up over time showed that the possibility of surgery in patients with IBD is mitigated through systematic monitoring and multifaceted therapeutic treatment.The perianal disease which appeared more often in men shows that it can be diagnosed early and at an early stage and with the new minimally invasive techniques the patient with IBD can be treated with a better quality of life.
THE NEUROLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS AND FUNCTIONAL INDEPENDENCE IN PATIENTS WITH ENCEPHALOPATHIES OF DIFFERENT TYPES
Authors: Duve Khrystyna V. , Shkrobot Svitlana I.
Published: December 2023

Aim: To access the neurological manifestations and activities of daily living in patients with encephalopathy of one of the following types: post-infectious, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, alcohol-induced, and microvascular ischemic disease of the brain.
Materials and Methods: In the period of 2021-2022 we examined 520 patients, who signed the informed consent, taking into account their age, sex, occupation, the cause, and the disease duration. Such parameters were evaluated, as the data of neurological manifestations, the activities of daily living (Barthel index), cognitive functioning (MoCA-test), and statistical methods (Statistica 13.0).
Results: A probable influence of the age factor on the frequency of occurrence of different types of encephalopathies was established (χ2=235.05; p<0.001). The cognitive impairment was diagnosed in 53.79 % of patients with CTE, 66.21% with SVD, and 58.82% with AE. 40% of patients with CTE are dependent on their activities of daily living, among patients with SVD – 31,72 %, among patients with AE – 44.12%, among patients with PIE – 53.91%. 17.97% of patients with PIE had moderate dependence by the Barthel index. Thus, the severity of disability doesn’t depend on the age or sex of patients but is correlating with the duration of the disease.
Conclusions: The neurological manifestations in patients with encephalopathies and their activities of daily living were studied profoundly and the data obtained opened new directions in the following research.
ASSOCIATION OF SOLUTE CARRIER ORGANIC ANION TRANSPORTER 1B1 GENE POLYMORPHISM WITH RESPONSE TO ATORVASTATIN AND ASSOCIATED MYOPATHY IN IRAQI DYSLIPIDEMIA PATIENTS
Authors: Aziz Noor Dheyaa , Abbood Sameer H. , Al-Mayali Ahmed H. , Hadi Najah Rayish
Published: December 2023

Aim: The study aims to investigate the effect of solute carriers organic anions transporters 1B1 (SLCO1B1) gene polymorphisms rs4149056, rs2306283, rs55901008, and rs729559745 in a sample of patients with dyslipidemia, and relate it to atorvastatin response and associated myopathy.
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional enrolled 200 patients both males and females of Arabic race, Iraqi nationality aged between 30-65 years. The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 (Atorvastatin responders and tolerant), Group 2 (Atorvastatin non responder and intolerant). Blood samples collected from the patients for biochemical studies and analyzed statistically by Student T-test and Chi-square, and DNA extracted for polymerase chains reactions (PCR).
Results: The results showed insignificant association P≥0.05 between the demographic characteristics of the study population with different genotypes, and significant difference P<0.05 in the biochemical parameters regarding (T-cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoproteins, and Creatine kinase-MM) when comparing the two groups. Odds ratio (OR) with confidence intervals CI (95%) used to evaluate the risk association to develop myopathy and poor response to atorvastatin therapy show relevant association for CC and CT genotype of rs4149056, while rs2306283 GG genotype show low association, also rs55901008 show low association for CC genotype, and moderate association for rs72559745 genotypes GG, AG.
Conclusions: The mutant allele’s genotypes of rs4149056, rs55901008, and rs72559745, and the wild allele genotype of rs2306283 show significant association with the development of poor response to atorvastatin and elevated the level of CK-MM plasma concentration.
PHYSICAL HEALTH OF FEMALES FROM THE MOUNTAIN DISTRICTS OF ZAKARPATTIA ACCORDING TO THE METABOLIC LEVEL OF AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC ENERGY SUPPLY DEPENDING ON THE COMPONENT BODY COMPOSITION
Authors: Dulo Olena А. , Furman Yurii М. , Dotsiuk Lidiia G. , Shcherba Mariia Yu.
Published: December 2023

Aim: To determine the aerobic and anaerobic productivity of females from the mountain districts of Zakarpattia region, depending on the component composition of body weight.
Materials and Methods: A comparative analysis of physical health status of females in the post-pubertal period of ontogenesis, was carried out. Physical health status was assessed by indicators of aerobic and anaerobic productivity depending on the component composition of the body, which was determined by impedance measurement.
Results: Physical health of females from the mountain districts depends on the component composition of the body, namely: an excellent level of aerobic productivity is observed in females who have a insufficient body weight with a normal relative fat content and a high relative content of skeletal muscles, VО2 max rel > 38 ml·min-1·kg-1; as a result, their physical health exceeds the “critical level” according to H.L. Apanasenko and corresponds to “excellent” according to Ya.P. Pyarnat’s criteria. Females from the mountain districts with normal body weight, high relative fat and normal relative skeletal muscle have average level of aerobic performance., i.e., VО2 max rel. is within 28-33 ml∙min-1∙kg-1. As a result, their physical health is below the “critical level”.
Conclusions: “Excellent” and “good” level of aerobic productivity of females from the mountain districts of the Zakarpattia region guarantees “safe health level”. Females from mountain districts with a high content of fat component have an “average” level of aerobic performance, which does not provide a “safe health level”.