bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of an autophagy-related gene expression signature for endometrial cancer patients
Authors: Wang Hui , Ma Xiaoling , Liu Jinhui , Wan Yicong , Jiang Yi , Xia Yankai , Cheng Wenjun
Published: April 2020

Background : Autophagy is associated with cancer development. Autophagy-related genes play significant roles in endometrial cancer (EC), a major gynecological malignancy worldwide, but little was known about their value as prognostic markers. Here we evaluated the value of a prognostic signature based on autophagy-related genes for EC. Methods : First, various autophagy-related genes were obtained via the Human Autophagy Database and their expression profiles were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Second, key prognostic autophagy-related genes were identified via univariat, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Finally, a risk score to predict the prognosis of EC was calculated and validated by using the test and the entire data sets. Besides, gene set enrichment and somatic mutation analyses were also used for these prognostic autophagy-related genes. Results : A total of 40 differentially expressed autophagy-related genes in EC were screened and five of them were prognosis-related (CDKN1B, DLC1, EIF4EBP1, ERBB2 and GRID1). A prognostic signature was constructed based on these five genes using the train set, which stratified EC patients into high-risk and low-risk groups (P<0.05). In terms of overall survival, the analyses of the test set and the entire set yielded consistent results (test set: p < 0.05; entire set: p < 0.05). Time-dependent ROC analysis suggested that the risk score predicted EC prognosis accurately and independently (0.674 at 1 year, 0.712 at 3 years and 0.659 at 5 years). A nomogram with clinical utility was built. Patients in the high-risk group displayed distinct mutation signatures compared with those in the low-risk group. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed high risk score was associated with tumor initiation and progression associated pathways. Conclusions : Based on five autophagy-related genes (CDKN1B, DLC1, EIF4EBP1, ERBB2 and GRID1), our model can independently predict the OS of EC patients by combining molecular signature and clinical characteristics.* Hui Wang, Xiaoling Ma, and Jinhui Liu contributed equally to this work
Chemical constituents of Pedicularis longiflora var. tubiformis (Orobanchaceae), a common hemiparasitic medicinal herb from the Qinghai Lake Basin, China
Authors: Liu Feng , Ma Zilan , Caraballo-Ortiz Marcos A. , Zhang Hui , Su Xu , Liu Yuping
Published: April 2020

Background: Pedicularis longiflora var. tubiformis (Orobanchaceae) is an abundant parasitic herb mainly found in the Xiaopohu wetland of the Qinghai Lake Basin in Northwestern China. The species has an important local medicinal value, and in this study, we evaluated the chemical profile of its stems, leaves and seeds using mass spectrometry. Methods: Dried samples of stems, leaves and seeds were grinded, weighted, and used for a series of extractions with an ultrasonic device at room temperature. The chemical profiles for each tissue were determined using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). Results: Twenty-seven amino acids and organic acids were identified and quantified from stems, leaves and seeds. The content of amino acids detected in leaves and seeds was higher than the amount found in stems. Eight flavonoids were also detected, including isoorientin, orientin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, verbascoside, scopoletin, luteolin, apigenin and tricin. The concentrations of verbascoside, luteolin and tricin were the highest and more concentrated in leaves, while that of orientin and scopoletin were the lowest and mainly found in stems. Soluble monosaccharides and oligosaccharides below tetramer were also examined, and our analyses detected the presence of arabitol, fructose, galacturonic acid, glucose, glucuronic acid, inositol, sucrose, and trehalose. Conclusions: This is the first study to identify and quantify the main components of amino acids, organic acids, flavonoids and soluble sugars from stems, leaves and seeds of P. longiflora var. tubiformis . Eight of the amino acids detected are essential for humans, highlighting the medicinal importance of this species. Results shown here can be used as a reference case to develop future studies on the chemical constituents of Pedicularis herbs and other medicinal plants from the Tibetan region.
Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli isolated from children with acute diarrhoea at Rakai hospital, Southern Uganda
Authors: Masiga Fredrick , Kigozi Edgar , Najjuka Christine Florence , Kajumbula Henry , Kateete David
Published: April 2020

Background: Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is a leading cause of childhood diarrhoea in the developing countries. However, there is scanty information on DEC and its association with childhood diarrhoea in Uganda. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of DEC and its pathotypes among children with acute diarrhoea in Southern Uganda. Results: A cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 3 months, May 2016 to July 2016. A total of 267 children less than 5 years with acute diarrhoea admitted to Rakai General Hospital in Southern Uganda were enrolled into the study. Stool was collected from all the children and processed for isolation of E. coli . Conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to determine the presence of DEC and its pathotypes . A total of 102 (38.2%, 102/267) children had DEC of various pathotypes –enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) (14.2%); enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (6.7%); enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) (6%); enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) (7.5%); enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) (3%); and cell-detaching E. coli (CDEC) (0.75%). The difference in overall prevalence of DEC was not significant regarding HIV status but individually, ETEC was associated with HIV-negative status while EAEC and CDEC were associated with HIV-positive status. Conclusions: DEC is prevalent in Ugandan children with acute diarrhoea. Therefore, its identification should be considered among strategies for combatting childhood diarrhoea in Uganda.
Dynamic Signature of tRNA-Derived small RNAs in Cancer Pathogenesis as a Promising Valuable Approach
Authors: Vafaei Somayeh , Fattahi Fahimeh , Sahlolbei Maryam , Madjd Zahra , Yazdanpanah Ayna , Kiani Jafar
Published: April 2020

Background: Non-coding RNAs are a cluster of RNAs that do not encode functional proteins, and involve infrastructural and regulatory types, which transfer RNAs (tRNAs) belong to former and small RNAs (sRNA) to the latter one. Recently, tRNA-derived small RNAs (tDRs) were discovered among small non-coding RNA, as the newly discovered regulatory small RNA. It plays a role in pathological and physiological processes, which is frequently dysregulated in gene expression regulation. tsRNAs can be bounded to argonaute proteins and piwi proteins such as miRNAs and piRNAs sequentially. In addition, it can interact with DNA and histone methylation machinery Results: In initial searching, 2744 unique articles were identified by bio electronically search of following databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and google scholar up to 25 February 2020. Finally, after Full-text assessment 48 related article to gene expression profiling tsRNA in cancer were achieved. Conclusions: In this systematic review, we summarized the most recent findings related to the expression of tsRNAs in 17 cancer types. We suggested that tsRNA in cancer field attracted the researchers' focus and effectively facilitated diagnostic and therapy approaches.
Identification of single nucleotide variants in the Moroccan population by whole-genome sequencing
Authors: Crooks Lucy , Cooper-Knock Johnathan , Heath Paul R. , Bouhouche Ahmed , Fahime Elmostafa El , Azzouz Mimoun , Bakri Youssef , Adnaoui Mohammed , Ibrahimi Azeddine , Tazi-Ahnini Rachid
Published: April 2020

Background Large-scale human sequencing projects have described around a hundred-million single nucleotide variants (SNVs), which have predominately focused on individuals with European ancestry despite the fact that genetic diversity is expected to be highest in Africa where Homo sapiens evolved and has maintained a large population for the longest time. The more recent African Genome Variation Project examined several African populations but these were all located south of the Sahara. Morocco is on the northwest coast of Africa and mostly lies north of the Sahara, which makes it very attractive for studying genetic diversity. Recent genomic data of Taforalt individuals in Eastern Morocco revealed 15,000-year-old modern humans, showed that North Africa individuals are expected to show genetic differences from previously studied African populations. Results We present single nucleotide variant (SNV) results from whole genome sequencing (WGS) of three Moroccans. From a total of 5.9 million SNVs detected, over 200,000 were not identified by 1000G. We provide a summary of the SNVs by genomic position, gene context and effect on protein coding. Comparison of genome-wide information of the Moroccan individuals to individuals from 1000G by principal component analysis revealed a substantial genomic distinction between the Moroccan population and sub-Saharan African populations. Conclusions We conclude that Moroccan samples lie in the middle of the previously observed cline between populations of European and African ancestry. WGS of Moroccan individuals can identify a large number of new SNVs and aid in functional characterisation of the genome.
Income-based inequalities in self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity among adolescents in England and the United States: comparisons from two cross-sectional surveys
Authors: Scholes Shaun , Mindell Jennifer S
Published: April 2020

Background: Inequalities in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) may reflect differences in the propensity to do any, the amount of time spent active, or both. Using self-reported data from 4019 adolescents aged 11-15 years in England (Health Survey for England 2008, 2012, 2015) and 4312 aged 12-17 years in the US (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-16) we examined inequalities in MVPA.Methods: Hurdle models estimated inequalities by household income in three aspects: (1) doing any, (2) average minutes/day (MVPA: including those who did none), and (3) average minutes/day conditional on participation (MVPA-active). Inequalities after confounder adjustment (average marginal effects: AMEs) were quantified by computing the absolute difference in marginal means (low-income households as reference).Results: In England, adolescents in high-income households were more likely than those in low-income households to have done any formal sports/exercise in the last seven days (AMEs boys: 11%; 95% CI: 4, 17; girls: 13%; 6, 20); girls in high-income households spent more time being active than their low-income counterparts (AME formal MVPA: 6 minutes/day, 95% CI: 2, 9). Girls in low-income households spent more time in informal activities than girls in high-income households did (AME informal MVPA: 21 minutes/day; 95% CI: 10, 33), whilst boys in low-income versus high-income households spent longer in active travel (AME active travel MVPA: 21 minutes/week; 95% CI: 8, 34). In the US, in a typical week, recreational activity was greater among high-income versus low-income households (AMEs recreational boys: 15 minutes/day; 95% CI: 6, 24; girls: 19 minutes/day; 95% CI: 12, 27). In contrast, adolescents in low-income versus high-income households were more likely to travel actively (AMEs boys: 11%; 95% CI: 3, 19; girls: 10%; 95% CI: 3, 17) and spend more time engaged. Conclusions: Policy actions and interventions are required to increase levels of MVPA across all income groups in England and the US. Differences in formal sports/exercise (England) and recreational (US) activities suggest that additional efforts are required to move adolescents in low-income households from inactivity to activity, and to enable those already active to do more.
Relative age effects in Japanese athletes: A 25-year historical analysis
Authors: Sasano Nao , Katsumata Yoichi , Nakata Hiroki
Published: April 2020

Background: The mechanisms underlying the relative age effect (RAE), a biased distribution of birth dates, in sport events have been investigated for more than two decades. The present study comprised an historical analysis involving the most recent quarter-century (1993-2018) on RAEs among Japanese male professional athletes (soccer, baseball, basketball, and volleyball) to clarify how the RAEs changed over time. Methods: Birth data were obtained from 7,805 Japanese male professional athletes registered in 1993, 2001, 2010, and 2018. The athletes were divided into four groups based on their month of birth: quartiles Q1 (April–June), Q2 (July–September), Q3 (October–December), and Q4 (January–March of the following year). In addition, based on the data in 1993 for soccer and baseball and in 2010 for basketball and volleyball, the expected numbers of players were calculated in 2001, 2010, and 2018 for soccer and baseball, and 2018 for basketball and volleyball. Results: Significant RAEs were observed among soccer and baseball players in 1993, 2001, 2010, and 2018, and strong tendencies of RAEs were found among basketball and volleyball players in 2010 and 2018. The magnitudes of the RAEs in soccer, baseball, and volleyball decreased over time, but not in basketball. Conclusion: The exact reasons for the decreasing or unchanging RAEs among these professional players remains unclear, but socio-culture factors, such as low birthrates and the popularity of sports in Japan, might be related to the changing RAEs.
Tissue alkaline phosphatase activity and expression in an experimental infant swine model of cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest
Authors: Khailova Ludmila , Robison Justin , Jaggers James , Ing Richard , Lawson Scott , Treece Amy , Soranno Danielle , Lujan Suzanne Osorio , Davidson Jesse
Published: April 2020

Background: Infant cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass results in decreased circulating alkaline phosphatase that is associated with poor post-operative outcomes. Bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase infusion represents a novel therapy for post-cardiac surgery organ injury. However, the effects of cardiopulmonary bypass and bovine-intestinal alkaline phosphatase infusion on tissue-level alkaline phosphatase activity/expression are unknown.Methods: Infant pigs (n=20) underwent cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest followed by four hours of intensive care. Seven control animals underwent mechanical ventilation only. Cardiopulmonary bypass/deep hypothermic circulatory arrest animals were given escalating doses of bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase infusion (0-25U/kg/hr; n=5/dose). Kidney, liver, ileum, jejunum, colon, heart and lung were collected for measurement of tissue alkaline phosphatase activity and mRNA.Results: Tissue alkaline phosphatase activity varied significantly across organs with the highest levels found in the kidney and small intestine. Cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest resulted in decreased kidney alkaline phosphatase activity and increased lung alkaline phosphatase activity, with no significant changes in the other organs. Alkaline phosphatase mRNA expression was increased in both the lung and the ileum. The highest dose of bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase resulted in increased kidney and liver tissue alkaline phosphatase activity.Conclusions: Changes in alkaline phosphatase activity after cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest and bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase delivery are tissue specific. Kidneys, lung, and ileal alkaline phosphatase appear most affected by cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest and further research is warranted to determine the mechanism and biologic importance of these changes.
Twelve year trajectories of physical activity and health costs in mid-age Australian women
Authors: Gomes Grace Angelica de Oliveira , Brown Wendy J. , Codogno Jamile S. , Mielke Gregore I.
Published: April 2020

Background: Few studies have examined relationships between physical activity (PA) during mid-age and health costs in women. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between PA levels and trajectories over 12 years with medical and pharmaceutical costs in mid-age Australian women. Methods: Data from 6,953 participants in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (born in 1946–1951) were analysed in 2019. PA was self-reported in 2001 (50-55y), 2007 (56-61y) and 2013 (62-67y). PA data were linked with 2013-2015 data from the Medicare (MBS) and Pharmaceutical (PBS) Benefits Schemes. Quantile regression was used to examine associations between PA patterns [always active, increasers, decreasers, fluctuaters or always inactive (reference)] with these medical and pharmaceutical costs.Results: Among women who were consistently inactive (< 500 MET.minutes/week) in 2001, 2007 and 2013, median MBS and PBS costs (2013 to 2015) were AUD4261 and AUD1850, respectively. Those costs were AUD1728 (95%CI: 443-3013) and AUD578 (95%CI: 426-729) lower among women who were consistently active in 2001, 2007 and 2013 than among those who were always inactive. PBS costs were also lower in women who were active at only one survey (AUD205; 95%CI: 49-360), and in those whose PA increased between 2001 and 2013 (AUD388; 95%CI: 232-545).Conclusion: Maintaining ‘active’ PA status was associated with 40% lower MBS and 30% lower PBS costs over three years in Australian women. Helping women to remain active in mid-life could result in considerable savings for both women and the Australian government.
Small Particle Aerosol Exposure of African Green Monkeys to MERS-CoV as a Model for Highly Pathogenic Coronavirus Infection
Authors: Totura Allison , Livingston Virginia , Frick Ondraya , Dyer David , Nichols Donald , Nalca Aysegul
Published: April 2020

Emerging highly pathogenic coronaviruses (CoV) are a global public health threat due to the potential for person-to-person transmission and higher mortality rates than common seasonal respiratory pathogens. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) emerged in 2012, causing lethal respiratory disease in approximately 35% of human cases.Primate models of highly pathogenic coronavirus infection are needed to support development of therapeutics or vaccines, but few models exist that recapitulate severe disease signs. For initial development of a MERS-CoV primate model, twelve African green monkeys (AGMs) were exposed to 103, 104, or 105 PFU target doses of aerosolized MERS-CoV. We observed a dose- dependent increase of respiratory disease signs and viral titers in serum and throat swabs between the 103 PFU and the 105 PFU dose groups, although all AGMs survived for the 28 day duration of the study. This study is the first to describe dose-dependent effects of highly pathogenic coronavirus infection of primates and uses a route of infection (small particle aerosol) with potential relevance to MERS-CoV transmission in humans. Aerosol exposure of AGMs may provide a platform for the development of primate models of novel coronavirus disease, with potential utility in therapeutic development and viral pathogenesis studies.
Türkiye’de COVID-19 Salgın Sürecinde İhtiyaç Duyulacak Yoğun Bakım Yatak ve Solunum Cihazı Sayılarının Direkt Tahmini
Authors: ANKARALI Handan
Published: April 2020

Giriş ve Amaç: COVID-19 salgın sürecinde, Türkiye’ de vaka sayısının hızlı artış periyoduna girdiği bu günlerde, sunulan sağlık hizmetlerindeki ihtiyaçların ve özellikle hayati önem taşıyan hasta ihtiyaçlarının kanıta dayalı öngörüsü büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, karşılaştırmalı olarak iki farklı model yardımıyla yoğun bakım yatak ve solunum cihazı sayılarının öngörülmesi amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Veriler, Gompertz ve Zaman serileri modelleri ile incelendi.
Bulgular: Çalışmada kullanılan modellerin öngörü başarıları benzer bulundu. Ancak modellemede kullanılan veri sayısının az olması nedeniyle (13 gün) sadece 1 haftalık öngörüler verildi. Gompertz modeline göre 6 Nisan’ da öngörülen toplam yoğun bakım yatak sayısı 1474 iken zaman serisi modelinde 1485 bulundu. Aynı tarihte ihtiyaç duyulacak solunum cihazı sayısı Gompertz modeline göre 1000, zaman serisi modeline göre 1004 olarak hesaplandı.
Sonuç: Veri sayısı (gün sayısı) 30’ un üzerine çıktığı zaman kullanılan matematiksel modeller, eğilimi daha iyi yakalayacağı için ileriye dönük uzun süreli tahminlerdeki başarıları artacaktır.
Study of haemolytic properties of a disk-type pump
Authors: Zhulkov M. , Golovin A. , Golovina E. , Grenadyorov A. , Fomichev A. , Alsov S. , Chernyavskiy A.
Published: April 2020

Background. A shortage of donor organs is one of the urgent problems of transplantology. Despite the current level of technology, there are a number of difficult barriers to overcome. Because of the high demand for assisted circulatory devices, the work caused by the creation of the most physiological and biocompatible model of the apparatus, exceptional relevance is provided.Aim. To evaluate the haemolytic properties of the auxiliary circulatory apparatus based on a disk-type pump.Methods. A hydrodynamic bench was created to conduct haemolysis tests of a disk-type pump. The bench consisted of a tank, a heat exchanger, hydrodynamic resistance, connecting tubes, a blood sampling port, a pressure and flow measurement system, and a test pump. The test method consisted of assessing the level of free plasma haemoglobin (pHb) obtained by taking blood samples during pump operation in the operating mode (2300–2500 rpm, 5–6 l/min, pressure drop at the clamp level of 100 mmHg). Standardized haemolysis indices (NIH and MIH) were calculated based on the data obtained. The indices were calculated based on the analysis of free haemoglobin in the plasma of blood samples, haematocrit, total haemoglobin, blood flow, and pump operating time.Results. Bench tests (n = 5) revealed that the average level of free haemoglobin was 2.2 mg/%. This confirms the absolute atraumatic nature of the design of a new type of pump. The calculated values of the haemolysis indices were: NIH - 0.0013 and MIH - 1.88. This proves the fundamental possibility of using a disk-type pump as a basis for creating auxiliary circulatory devices.Conclusion. The developed methodology for assessing the mechanical stability of red blood cells allows you to give objective information about one of the most important safety criteria for auxiliary circulatory devices i.e., the level of haemolysis. The results obtained revealed that it is possible and safe to use a disk-type pump as an auxiliary circulatory device.
Received 16 December 2019. Revised 10 March 2020. Accepted 13 March 2020.
Funding: The research is supported by a grant of the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 19-19-00186).
Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Author contributions Conception and study design: M.O. ZhulkovData collection and analysis: M.O. Zhulkov, A.S. Grenadyorov, A.M. Golovin, E.O. Golovina, A.V. Fomichev, S.A. AlsovDrafting the article: M.O. Zhulkov, A.S. Grenadyorov Critical revision of the article: M.O. Zhulkov, A.M. ChernyavskiyFinal approval of the version to be published: M.O. Zhulkov, A.S. Grenadyorov, A.M. Golovin, E.O. Golovina, A.V. Fomichev, S.A. Alsov, A.M. Chernyavskiy
Термодинамические свойства оксипентафторида ванадия (IV), (NH-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-VOF-=SUB=-5-=/SUB=-
Authors: Богданов Е.В. , Погорельцев Е.И. , Карташев А.В. , Горев М.В. , Молокеев М.С. , Мельникова С.В. , Флеров И.Н. , Лапташ Н.М.
Published: April 2020

Abstract The (NH_4)_3VOF_5 crystals have been synthesized and their homogeneity and single-phase structure has been established by the X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies. The investigations of the temperature dependences of specific heat, entropy, strain, and pressure susceptibility show the occurrence of three phase transitions caused by the structural transformations in the (NH_4)_3VOF_5 crystals. The T – p phase diagram shows the temperature limits of stability of the crystalline phases implemented in (NH_4)_3VOF_5. The optical and dielectric studies disclose the ferroelastic nature of the phase transitions. An analysis of the experimental data together with the data on the isostructural (NH_4)_3VO_2F_4 crystal makes it possible to distinguish the physical properties of oxyfluorides containing vanadium of different valences (IV and V).
Распыление поверхности кремния при низкоэнергетической высокодозовой имплантации ионами серебра
Authors: Воробьев В.В. , Рогов А.М. , Нуждин В.И. , Валеев В.Ф. , Степанов А.Л.
Published: April 2020

The results of the first practical observations of sputtering of a Si surface after implantation with Ag+ ions with an energy of 30 keV depending on the implantation dose D in the range from 2.5 • 10^16 to 1.5 • 10^17 ion/cm^2 at a fixed current density in the ion beam J = 8 μA/cm^2 are presented. And also with a variation of J = 2, 5, 8, 15, and 20 µA/cm^2 for a constant value D = 1.5 • 10^17 ion/cm^2. In the first case, a monotonic increase in the thickness of the sputtered layer to 50 nm is observed at maximum D, and the effective sputtering coefficient of the implanted Ag:PSi layer is 1.6. It was also established that the thickness of the sputtering layer increases with increasing J.
Анализ электростатического взаимодействия димерных комплексов. I. Метод подбора ингибиторов к производным белка АРР
Authors: Кошлан Т.В. , Куликов К.Г.
Published: April 2020

Представлен оригинальный метод, позволяющий получить качественную оценку способности амилоидных пептидов образовывать высокомолекулярные структуры, решать проблему стабильности амилоидных димерных комплексов при помощи введенных величин: логарифм числа обусловленности матрицы потенциальной энергии попарного электростатического взаимодействия между аминокислотными остатками и дифференциальной энтропии для случая многомерного нормального распределения, что позволило определить образование структур более высокого порядка: олигомеров, протофибрилл, фибрилл по мере достижения состояния стабильности. Таким образом, основным направлением в блокировании формирования амилоидов при образовании ими высокомолекулярных структур является обеспечение достижения амилоидами стабильного состояния на уровне димерных комплексов. Ключевые слова: болезнь Альцгеймера, амилоиды, ключевые аминокислотные остатки, дифференциальная энтропия, число обусловленности.
LIPOXYGENASE INHIBITORY ASSAY OF ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION FROM STAR FRUIT LEAVES (AVERRHOA CARAMBOLA L.) FROM THREE REGIONS IN WEST JAVA
Authors: SUBARDINI DEFI SUCIANA , ELYA BERNA , NOVIANI ARIKADIA
Published: April 2020

Objective: Averrhoa carambola L. leaves have been used as a traditional medicine. The study aimed to examine the anti-inflammatory activity ofA. carambola L. plant extracts using a lipoxygenase inhibition assay based on ethyl acetate fractions of A. carambola L. leaves obtained from threeregions in West Java.Methods: Extracts from A. carambola L. leaves were obtained by maceration method using 70% ethanol followed by fractionation using liquid-liquidpartitioning until the ethyl acetate fraction was obtained. Subsequently, lipoxygenase inhibition activity of the ethyl acetate fraction was tested usinglinoleate acid as the substrate, and the total flavonoid and total phenol contents were determined. The correlation between the IC50 values and thetotal flavonoid and total phenol contents obtained from the ethyl acetate fraction were analyzed.Results: The ethyl acetate fraction from the sample inhibited lipoxygenase enzyme activity with IC50 values of 19.38, 16.65, and 15.07 μg/mL, respectively.The total flavonoid contents in the ethyl acetate fractions obtained from Depok, Subang, and Sukabumi regions were 14.88, 16.88, and 22.27 mg QE/gof sample, respectively, whereas the total phenol contents were 54.10, 61.06, and 72.18 mg gallic acid equivalents/g of sample, respectively.Conclusion: There was a high correlation between the IC50 values and the total flavonoid and total phenol contents, with correlations coefficientsof −0.917 and −0.960, respectively, which indicated that the higher the total flavonoid and total phenol contents, the lower the IC50 values.
PRODUTIVISMO ACADÊMICO E PERCEPÇÕES SOBRE QUALIDADE DE VIDA DOS ESTUDANTES DE PEDAGOGIA DA UFF NITERÓI
Authors: Marendino Rosane Barbosa , Lisbôa Heloíza Carla Cardoso , De Lima Jean Pablo Silva
Published: April 2020

Com o objetivo de estimular reflexões sobre a complexidade que envolve o tema referente ao bem-estar dos estudantes universitários, o artigo dedica-se a compreender essa questão junto ao curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF). Em abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa, foram realizadas entrevistas com estudantes de variados períodos do curso, posteriormente submetidas à análise do discurso. Conclui-se que o produtivismo acadêmico – cada vez mais crescente nas universidades – tem se tornado um dos fatores geradores das principais patologias entre os estudantes, afetando, sobretudo, a longevidade escolar.Palavras-chave: ensino superior; permanência; bem-estar do estudante universitário.
AVALIAÇÃO SOBRE A QUESTÃO DA PERMANÊNCIA NA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR: progressos e retrocessos
Authors: Dias Regina Lúcia Cerqueira
Published: April 2020

Para a sessão “Documento”, o Dossiê sobre Acesso e Permanência na Educação Superior reuniu Portarias do Ministério da Educação concernentes à Avaliação da Educação Superior, com foco nos Indicadores de Qualidade preconizados pelas mesmas. O interesse maior nestes documentos incide na verificação da presença, ou não, de indicadores de qualidade relacionados à permanência dos graduandos em seus cursos, bem como sobre as taxas de conclusão decorrentes da permanência.Apresentamos quatro Portarias, duas delas expedidas pela gestão Dilma Rousseff e duas pela gestão Michel Temer, a saber: Portaria Normativa 8/2016, Portaria 386/2016, Portaria Normativa 15/2016 e Portaria 1.383/2017. A rápida sucessão de Portarias sobre a mesma temática, conforme veremos, demonstra uma mudança de perspectiva das duas gestões governamentais, uma vez que elas traduzem orientações, encaminhamentos e correlações políticas envolvidas.Será fácil verificar que as duas primeiras revelavam um compromisso abrangente com a qualidade, ao prever indicadores que avaliavam a comunidade acadêmica numa perspectiva totalizante, tanto em razão dos vários agentes considerados, quanto dos fenômenos educacionais produzidos nessa interação. Na direção oposta, as duas últimas Portarias aligeiram a avaliação, restando nitidamente facilitados os compromissos e obrigações das instituições perante a formação integral dos graduandos.Por isso, acreditamos na relevância de explicitar e de discutir tais Documentos, cujo conhecimento e efeitos podem ter escapado aos olhos de muitos, em prejuízo da democratização da Educação Superior. A fim de melhor apresentar os Documentos, seu contexto e efeitos, subdividimos sua apresentação em capítulos. Como segue.
The field as labyrinth: Exploring ethnographic practices through the works of Jorge Luis Borges
Authors: Osterhoudt Sarah Rae
Published: April 2020

The brilliant short stories of the Argentinean author Jorge Louis Borges echo many of the themes raised through the ethnographic encounters of practicing anthropologists. Through the exploration of such questions as identity, memory, language, commensuration and human relationships, the characters invented by Borges continuously navigate new physical and intellectual landscapes. The following paper draws from several of Borges’ short stories, outlining how their themes and characters present useful allegories for scholars interested in exploring ethnographic imaginations. As an “armchair ethnographer,” Borges’ preoccupation with human endeavors towards greater understanding thus provides a unique and creative lens through which to consider the practical and ethical questions of ethnographic enterprises.
O ensino do exercício profissional da Terapia Ocupacional com foco em pessoas idosas: proposta de organização das práticas na Graduação
Authors: Cunha Alexandre Cardoso da , Sime Mariana Midori
Published: April 2020

O trabalho descreve a organização das ações, projetos, práticas e disciplinas oferecidas aos alunos do Curso de Terapia Ocupacional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, para atuarem junto a pessoas idosas. Para tanto, conheceu-se a rede de serviços do município de São Paulo, realizaram-se reuniões com a Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Vitória, ES, e com uma Unidade de Saúde da Família. Conclui-se que foi possível contemplar os diferentes níveis de complexidade da atenção, e idosos em diferentes níveis de fragilidade. Palavras-chave: Educação Profissional em Saúde Pública; Idoso; Terapia Ocupacional; Educação.
Qualidade de Vida e Participação em Iniciativas de Base Comunitária: Um estudo num município da zona centro de Portugal.
Authors: Silva Sofia Rosas , Marques Filipa D. Correia , Lavado Nuno , Parente Liliana Filipa Dias , Rafael Ana Catarina Mendes , Gonçalves Delphine Paolo , Bastos Alice
Published: April 2020

Face ao reconhecimento da importância da participação social como fator promotor de envelhecimento bem-sucedido, procura-se, através de um estudo de natureza quantitativo, analisar os efeitos de variáveis sociodemográficas e da participação social em atividades/programas de base comunitária, promovidas por um município da zona centro de Portugal, ao nível da qualidade de vida de pessoas com mais de 56 anos, residentes no concelho.
Avaliação comparativa das condições bucais do idoso: ações para o cuidado e autocuidado
Authors: Sá Ingrid Petra Chaves , Sá Selma Petra Chaves , Oliveira Filho Vilmar da Conceição
Published: April 2020

Objetiva-se avaliar o cuidado bucal de um idoso, especialmente quanto ao prestado por um cuidador a esse idoso, fazendo-se uso da aplicação de questionário fechado, Índice CPO-D, Índice de Higiene Oral Simplificado e Índice de Placa Bacteriana em Próteses Dentárias. Como método: trata-se de pesquisa quanti-qualitativa descritiva, com 50 idosos e seus dois respectivos cuidadores (100), em uma Instituição de Longa Permanência no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Como resultado, após a intervenção, verificou-se que o índice CPO-D continuou elevado em razão do número de obturações e dentes extraídos dos idosos; porém, o cuidado necessário vem se mostrando efetivo por serem realizados os procedimentos adequados com os idosos e uma orientação bem precisa em termos de cuidados diários. Conclusão: Esta intervenção, constituída de instruções de higiene bucal e implantação do protocolo de autocuidado, e cuidado bucal para idosos, e para os cuidadores, da instituição em foco, acarretou efeitos significativos e benéficos devidos à melhoria após a adequada orientação para a higienização bucal dos idosos.
Iatrogenia medicamentosa em idosos hospitalizados no interior do Amazonas
Authors: Costa Andriele Valentim da , Lisboa Luana De Melo , Reis Deyvylan Araujo , Oliveira Hyana Kamila Ferreira de
Published: April 2020

As iatrogenias são ações decorrentes de intervenções médicas, ou de membro/s de uma equipe médica, que resultem em consequências indesejáveis ou prejudiciais à saúde de um indivíduo hospitalizado. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar iatrogenias medicamentosas que ocorreram com pacientes idosos internados no Hospital Regional da cidade de Coari, estado de Amazonas, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados de 100 prontuários, dos quais se identificou, por meio de um instrumento criado pelos autores, que a omissão de doses foi a iatrogenia mais frequente em 83,0% dos casos, recomendando-se que se busque compreender causas, fatores de risco, consequências, e pensar em estratégias para diminuir ou minimizar essas ocorrências.
ANALISA HASIL PENGELASAN SMAW PADA BESI HD 400 DAN SS 308 DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE NON DESTRUCTIVE TEST
Authors: Prabowo Jeni Andika , Putra Wawan Trisnadi , Wicaksono Yoga Arab
Published: April 2020

Metode penyambungan 2 besi atau lebih material dengan menggunakan metode pengelasan atau welding banyak diaplikasikan dalam dunia industri, manufacture dan banyak bidang lainnya, metode ini sangat baik untuk digunakan, selain memiliki kekuatan joint yang tinggi juga proses pengaplikasiannya tergolong mudah dan murah.Akan tetapi standarisasi yang berkembang dalam dunia industri mempersaratkan untuk mengopservasi seluruh bagian pengelasan, terutama di area dengan Criticaly Class. pengelasan  yang akan dilakukan pengujian adalah hasil dari pengelasan SMAW pada plat Besi HD 400 dan Stainles Steel 308 dan akan di observasi dengan metode Penetrant Test, Ultrasonic Test dan Hardness Test, dengan menggunakan metode pengujian diatas, maka didapati hasil diantara lain, dengan menggunakan metode penetrant, untuk test pieces No, 1, 2, 4, dan 5 dinyatakan rejected, sedang untuk No 3 dan 4 accepted, meggunakan ultrasonic, didapatkan hasil dengan kriteria rejected semua pada test pieces, dengan Defect kategori Class A, sesuai tabel 6.2, dan untuk hasil Hardness penggunaan arus rendah pengelasan pada Besi HD 400 didapat hasil sebesar 38,5 HRC dan arus tinggi sebesar 34,3 HRC, sedang untuk stainless steel 308 ddidapat hasil kekerasan dengan arus rendah sebesar 54,4 HRC dan dengan arus tinggi sebesar 60,5 HRC.
PERANCANGAN APLIKASI DATA ALUMNI SEKOLAH BERBASIS WEB DI SMAN 3 PONOROGO
Authors: Anwar Saiful
Published: April 2020

Keberadaan alumni dari sekolah menengah merupakan hal yang penting sebagai track record dari kesuksesan suatu sekolah dalam mendidik siswanya. Aplikasi pengolah data alumni sekolah yang berbasis web sangat diperlukan penggunaanya sebagai sebuah database penampung data dari alumni yang terstruktur dan mudah diakses. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk merancang sebuah aplikasi data alumni berbasis web dengan studi kasus SMAN 3 Ponorogo yang kedepannya dapat memudahkan para alumni maupun pihak sekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat bantu pengembangan system yaitu Flowchart, Context Diagram, Data Flow Diagram (DFD), dan Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) serta dengan memakai Bahasa pemrograman PHP dan HTML dan menggunakan database yaitu MySQL. Web ini dapat membantu pihak sekolah dalam melakukan pendataan alumni dan para alumni masih tetap bisa mengetahui informasi mengenai sekolah mereka sehingga tetap bisa berinteraksi ketika diadakan reuni.
PERANCANGAN APLIKASI DATA ALUMNI SEKOLAH BERBASIS WEB DI SMAN 3 PONOROGO
Authors: Anwar Saiful , Ariyadi Dwiyono , Setyawan Moh Bhanu
Published: April 2020

Keberadaan alumni dari sekolah menengah merupakan hal yang penting sebagai track record dari kesuksesan suatu sekolah dalam mendidik siswanya. Aplikasi pengolah data alumni sekolah yang berbasis web sangat diperlukan penggunaanya sebagai sebuah database penampung data dari alumni yang terstruktur dan mudah diakses. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk merancang sebuah aplikasi data alumni berbasis web dengan studi kasus SMAN 3 Ponorogo yang kedepannya dapat memudahkan para alumni maupun pihak sekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat bantu pengembangan system yaitu Flowchart, Context Diagram, Data Flow Diagram (DFD), dan Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) serta dengan memakai Bahasa pemrograman PHP dan HTML dan menggunakan database yaitu MySQL. Web ini dapat membantu pihak sekolah dalam melakukan pendataan alumni dan para alumni masih tetap bisa mengetahui informasi mengenai sekolah mereka sehingga tetap bisa berinteraksi ketika diadakan reuni.
Key budgetary principles and exclusions in international practices of budgetary governance
Authors: Bogacheva O.V. , Smorodinov O.V.
Published: April 2020

Subject. After the 2008–2009 global financial crisis, new elements and trends in budgetary governance have been developing within the framework of new budgetary principles reflected in budgetary law in most of OECD countries. These novelties resulted from profound reforms at the end of the 1990s–early 2000s. Exclusions from key budgetary principles are used much more extensively in modern budgetary practices iof OECD, especially, exclusions from principles of annuality, universality and unity.
Objectives. The article is to study budgetary principles and exclusions applied to modern budget governance in the OECD countries.
Methods. The study is based on general methods of analysis and synthesis as well as the e method of comparative analysis.
Results. A unification trend in basic budgetary principles is considered to have become more evident in the OECD countries after the 2008–2009 global financial crisis. In the mean time, exclusions from budgetary principles make budgetary governance more flexible. We also highlight several relevant cases in budgetary practices of Russia.
Conclusions. Considering both trends in modern budgetary practice in the OECD countries – unification of basic budgetary principles and legal exclusions, we suppose these countries attempt to find solutions to current budgetary and socio-economic challenges. Exclusions from the key budgetary principles are also applied in Russia but, contrary to OECD practices, they are not always written in legislation. Such a situation undermines the efficiency of budgetary planning and governance.
Análise comparativa do custo da cesta básica em Poços de Caldas
Authors: Turci Luiz Felipe Ramos , Mendes Patrícia Neves , Da Silva Beatriz Alexandra
Published: April 2020

Neste trabalho, apresentam-se os resultados do projeto Compre Bem UNIFAL-MG (CB) em que analisou-se a variação do preço médio da cesta básica nacional na cidade de Poços de Caldas no período de setembro de 2014 a agosto de 2015 seguindo a metodologia DIEESE. Os resultados são analisados comparativamente aos estudos do Departamento Intersindical de Estatísticas e Estudos (DIEESE) e Proteção ao Consumidor (PROCON) de Poços de Caldas no mesmo período. Essas análises foram feitas com o objetivo de verificar se a variação do preço médio da cesta básica no município acompanha a variação do preço médio no país; e adicionalmente, verificar a eficácia da metodologia utilizada pelo PROCON. As análises mostraram uma alta no período analisado de aproximadamente 17% no custo médio da cesta básica nacional segundo o projeto CB, ao passo que a média nacional foi de aproximadamente 12%; outro resultado relevante é o fato de que as análises indicam não haver correlação positiva entre a série histórica de preços da cesta básica do DIEESE e do PROCON de Poços de Caldas.
Avaliação da diferenciação osteoblástica de células-tronco mesenquimais de ratos tratados cronicamente com bifosfonatos
Authors: Mateus Tauyra , Da Costa Chaves Rômulo Augusto , De Oliveira Bonfá Ana Lúcia , De Freitas Alvarenga Janaína Cristina , Ruocco Vetucci Viviann , Fernandes Ballan Ana Cláudia , Montrezor Luís Henrique , De Souza Faloni Ana Paula
Published: April 2020

Apesar dos bifosfonatos (BPs), fármacos antirreabsortivos, atuarem principalmente nos osteoclastos, a ação desses medicamentos em osteoblastos tem sido demonstrada em experimentos in vitro. Porém, na maioria desses experimentos, há exposição das culturas de osteoblastos aos BPs. Na presente investigação, foram avaliados osteoblastos diferenciados a partir de células-tronco mesenquimais (CTMs) de ratos tratados in vivo com alendronato de sódio (ALE: 1mg/ml/kg/semana), ácido zoledrônico (ZOL: 0,3mg/ml/kg/semana) ou solução salina (VEH: 0,009mg/ml/kg/semana) durante 13 semanas. As CTMs da medula óssea dos fêmures direitos dos animais foram cultivadas em meio osteogênico, na densidade de 5.000 células/200μl/poço. Após 21 dias de cultura, osteoblastos foram avaliados quanto à viabilidade celular e à formação de matriz mineralizada. Foram observadas viabilidades celulares semelhantes nos grupos BPs (ALE e ZOL) e superiores ao controle (VEH). Quanto à formação da matriz mineralizada, houve maior mineralização no grupo ZOL em relação ao grupo ALE, sendo ambas inferiores ao observado no grupo VEH. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a exposição in vivo das CTMs ao ALE e ao ZOL influenciou a atividade dos osteoblastos in vitro. Ambos os medicamentos utilizados são BPs nitrogenados; contudo, na dose empregada, o ALE afetou mais significativamente a formação de matriz mineralizada.
Conteúdos ambientais no ensino fundamental em uma escola municipal da cidade de Araraquara, SP
Authors: Dos Santos Pereira Edna Lins , Ribeiro Maria Lucia , Sossae Flávia Cristina
Published: April 2020

O ambiente escolar é considerado como um espaço propício para a discussão das problemáticas ambientais, que podem ser abordadas de modo interdisciplinar, para que alcance amplitude nas diversas disciplinas que compõem a grade curricular. A pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar como o tema educação ambiental (EA) vem sendo discutido nas disciplinas do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola do município de Araraquara, SP. Através de entrevistas abertas com as diretoras e aplicação de questionários semiestruturados à comunidade escolar foi constatado que as questões ambientais são apresentadas de forma fragmentada, algumas excluídas da realidade cotidiana dos estudantes e exclusivamente, inseridas nas disciplinas de Ciências e Geografia. Os temas mais abordados foram, plantio de árvores, aquecimento global, poluição, sustentabilidade, reflorestamento, preservação do meio ambiente, queimadas, água, natureza e reciclagem. Existe um descompasso e distanciamento quando se pensa o recorte ambiental no âmbito escolar, entre o que é discutido e o que é proposto.
PONTUAÇÕES BASILARES ENTRE O DIREITO ECONÔMICO E O MEIO AMBIENTE: HISTÓRICOS, CONCEITOS, CORRELAÇÕES E ANTAGONISMOS
Authors: Silva Alexander Marques , Pinto Maria Cláudia
Published: April 2020

O estado contemporâneo utiliza de mecanismos e subterfúgios para o crescimento econômico fundado em um discurso de proteção ao meio ambiente, mas que ocorre sem a devida sustentabilidade. Este problema ocorre, hipoteticamente, devido à mobilidade argumentativa para justificação da derrocada ambiental e que, inevitavelmente, refletirá a médio prazo no próprio crescimento econômico, já que se tornarão escassos diversos fatores necessários à produção que, simultaneamente, não serão resolvidos pelo desenvolvimento tecnológico em tempo hábil. Como metodologia na presente produção é caracterizada a dialética, utiliza por bases, estudos e conceituações científicas, legais e doutrinárias, além de realizar um breve estudo historicista comparativo. O Objetivo geral visa demonstrar a teoria argumentativa utilizada pelo discurso desenvolvimentista, com a justificativa para o consumo desenfreado dos recursos naturais, sem observar com parcimônia a finitude desses recursos, o que pode gerar uma estagnação inclusive nos campos socioeconômicos. Este estudo tem como objetivos específicos aprimorar os conhecimentos quanto à evolução das políticas econômicas, com ênfase no neoliberalismo capitalista e da sua correlação com o meio ambiente; demonstrar pontuações singulares sobre o meio ambiente e sobre algumas conceituações correlatas no estado contemporâneo; e, busca-se fazer uma correlação entre Meio Ambiente e o Neoliberalismo capitalista, procurando expor de uma forma imparcial, afastando-se dos discursos maniqueístas. Como referenciais teóricos-metodológicos, além de leis e normas vigentes no Brasil e a própria Constituição da República Federativa de 1988, adota-se alguns autores da geografia crítica, da economia clássica e da economia ecológica, e do Direito Ambiental, além das correlações constitucionais em busca dos direitos e garantias fundamentais.