bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Getting a Grip on Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Tears: A Retrospective Comparative Study on Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Debridement Outcomes
Authors: Mirza Ather , Mirza Justin B. , Zappia Luke C. , Thomas Terence L. , Song Junho
Published: July 2024

Background A retrospective analysis was performed to compare the clinical outcomes and complications of patients who underwent triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) debridement based on gripping posteroanterior (PA) view ulnar variance measures.

Methods Patients in Group A (N = 17) demonstrated ulnar variance measures <1.0 mm on the standard PA view and ≥1.0 mm on the gripping PA view. Patients in Group B (N = 13) maintained ulnar variance measures <1.0 mm on standard and gripping PA views. Clinical outcome measures included return to work, visual analog scale (VAS) scores, and range of motion. Complications included persistent pain, postoperative injections, and indication for revision surgery. Qualitative and quantitative measures were analyzed using Fisher exact tests and Student's t-tests, respectively.

Results Significantly more patients in Group A (7/17) did not return to work compared with Group B (1/13) (p < 0.05). Mean VAS scores decreased from 7.0 to 5.3 in Group A and from 6.8 to 2.0 in Group B. Group A reported lower flexion–extension and pronation–supination arcs compared with Group B (110 vs. 130 degrees and 161 vs. 174 degrees) (p < 0.05). Significantly more patients in Group A (10/17) reported persistent pain at ≥3 months postoperatively compared with Group B (2/13) (p < 0.05). Seven cases were indicated for revision surgery in Group A, while no cases were indicated in Group B (p < 0.05).

Conclusion Patients in Group A reported inferior clinical outcomes compared with Group B based on pain, range of motion, and indication for revision surgery. Dynamic ulnar variance may play a role in the clinical outcomes of patients treated with TFCC debridement.

Level of Evidence Level IV.

Type of Study/Level of Evidence Retrospective Comparative Study/Level IV.
Lingual Seizures in a Four-Year-and-Eight-Month-Old Boy
Authors: Koul Roshan , Alam Seema , Khanna Rajeev
Published: July 2024

Lingual seizures (LS) mean isolated seizures of the tongue. They are uncommon, and only a few cases have been reported. Sensory, motor, and autonomic auras or focal manifestations have a localizing value in seizures. LS have been reported with and without focal pathology in the brain. LS must be differentiated from more common conditions, like lingual tremors/dyskinesias. We report a 4-year-and-8-month-old boy with LS.
A Bedside Screening Tool for Acute Intracranial Hemorrhages in Intubated Children using Continuous Quantitative Electroencephalography Monitoring
Authors: Tanna Runi , Amorim Edilberto , Caffarelli Mauro
Published: July 2024

Significance Recognition of intracranial hemorrhage is challenging in children who require deep sedation to tolerate mechanical ventilation. The Correlate Of Injury to the Nervous System (COIN) index may enable real-time recognition of intracranial hemorrhage at bedside.

Methods Retrospective analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) data from children with spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage while intubated and sedated in the pediatric intensive care unit. Patients were selected for having normal head imaging at time of EEG start and required demonstration of hemorrhage on repeat imaging following an uninterrupted period of EEG recording. Power spectrum data were analyzed to yield a COIN value and visualization for every 4 seconds of recording. EEG recordings were subdivided based on COIN-risk alarm states (low, medium, or high). Changes in COIN were compared with changes in commercially available quantitative EEG trending software. COIN values for each subdivision were compared within cases using the Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test.

Results Two children developed spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage while intubated. COIN shows transitions from low-to-medium (p < 0.001) and medium-to-high-risk (p < 0.001 in both cases) alarm states. Discrete transitions in COIN alarm state preceded clinical recognition of hemorrhage by several hours. COIN visualized focal power attenuation concordant with hemorrhage localization. In both cases, qualitative EEG was not reported to have focal abnormalities during the medium-risk alarm state.

Conclusion COIN may assist in real-time recognition of intracranial hemorrhage in children at bedside. Further study and development are required for clinical implementation of COIN in several clinical settings where patients are at high risk of new or worsening intracranial hemorrhage.
Pelvic Symphyseal Distraction Osteotomy with Handmade Cemented Prosthesis to Manage Obstipation Secondary to Pelvic Fracture Malunion in a Young Dog
Authors: Hamon Martin , Copet Anne , Thibault Alexandre , Bruwier Aurelie , Haudiquet Philippe
Published: July 2024

A 5-month-old mixed breed dog suffered chronic obstipation secondary to malunion of multiple pelvic fractures. Pelvic symphyseal distraction osteotomy with a handmade cemented prosthesis was performed, resolving pelvic stenosis.
Sinonasal Malignancy Following Cranial Irradiation: A Scoping Review and Case Report of Sinonasal Teratocarcinosarcoma
Authors: Levy Ben B. , Biasio Michael J. De , Toledo Nilo Alvarez , Das Sunit , Bartling Mandolin , Aldahari Fahad , de Almeida John R. , Weinreb Ilan , Chan Yvonne
Published: July 2024

Background Radiation therapy is a mainstay of treatment for brain tumors, but delayed complications include secondary malignancy which may occur months to years after treatment completion.

Methods We reviewed the medical records of a 41-year-old female treated with 60 Gy of radiation for a recurrent astrocytoma, who 6 years later developed a locally advanced sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science to conduct a scoping review of biopsy-proven sinonasal malignancy in patients who previously received cranial irradiation for a brain tumor.

Results To our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient to present with a sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma after receiving irradiation for a brain tumor. Our scoping review of 1,907 studies produced 14 similar cases of secondary sinonasal malignancy. Median age of primary cancer diagnosis was 39.5 years old (standard deviation [SD]: 21.9), and median radiation dose was 54 Gy (SD: 20.3). Median latency time between the primary cancer and secondary sinonasal cancer was 9.5 years (SD: 5.8). Olfactory neuroblastoma was the most common sinonasal cancer (n = 4). Fifty percent of patients died from their sinonasal cancer within 1.5 years.

Conclusion Patients who receive radiation exposure to the sinonasal region for treatment of a primary brain tumor, including low doses or scatter radiation, may be at risk of a secondary sinonasal malignancy later in life. Physicians who monitor at-risk patients must be vigilant of symptoms which may suggest sinonasal malignancy, and surveillance should include radiographic review with careful monitoring for a secondary malignancy throughout the entire irradiated field.
Prediction of changes in war-induced population and CO2 emissions in Ukraine using social media
Authors: Liu Zhenjie , Li Jun , Chen Haonan , Wang Lizhe , Yang Jun , Plaza Antonio
Published: July 2024

Monitoring the changes in population and anthropogenic CO2 emissions caused by geopolitical conflicts is significant for humanitarian assistance and also for revealing the CO2 emission patterns of human activities. However, the changes in population and anthropogenic CO2 emissions are highly dynamic, and representative survey data are generally unavailable. We monitor the near-real-time and fine-grained changes in war-induced population and anthropogenic CO2 emissions in Ukraine through social media data. One year after the invasion, over 11 million Ukrainians are displaced from the baseline $${0.1}^{\circ}\,*\,{0.1}^{\circ}$$

0.1

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0.1

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gridded regions. There is a significant correlation between the estimated changes and the reference changes for each month in all CO2 emission sectors, with R2 respectively ranging from 0.57 to 0.93, 0.41 to 0.9, 0.74 to 0.99 for residential consumption, ground transport, and industry sectors. Overall, the proposed method provides a new perspective to monitor Ukrainian refugee crisis and measure the spatio-temporal response of anthropogenic CO2 emissions.
Analysing the heterogeneity in working conditions of migrant informal workers in China: a test of the WIEGO model of informal employment
Authors: Huang Gengzhi , Cai Bowei , Liu Shuyi , Xue Desheng
Published: July 2024

This paper sheds light on the internal heterogeneity within the informal economy by examining the working conditions of migrant informal workers in China. It presents the first attempt to test the WIEGO model on the relationship between informality, income, poverty and gender. Based on 107,020 samples of informal workers from the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS), economic, social and occupational health components of working conditions of migrant informal workers in five employment-status tiers are analysed. The results show the significant heterogeneity within informal workers in terms of their income, working intensity, labour contracts, social security, union and community support. The relationships between the informal employment tiers and income, poverty and gender show a pattern that is not fully in line with the WIEGO model, suggesting the complexity and plurality of heterogeneities in informal employment. The paper concludes by calling for research on regional varieties of the heterogeneity in informal employment worldwide to better understand the unfolding of the inequality-informality nexus in specific contexts.
METAPHOR: Metabolic evaluation through phasor-based hyperspectral imaging and organelle recognition for mouse blastocysts and oocytes
Authors: Parra Albert , Denkova Denitza , Burgos-Artizzu Xavier P. , Aroca Ester , Casals Marc , Godeau Amélie , Ares Miguel , Ferrer-Vaquer Anna , Massafret Ot , Oliver-Vila Irene , Mestres Enric , Acacio Mònica , Costa-Borges Nuno , Rebollo Elena , Chiang Hsiao Ju , Fraser Scott E. , Cutrale Francesco , Seriola Anna , Ojosnegros Samuel
Published: July 2024

Only 30% of embryos from in vitro fertilized oocytes successfully implant and develop to term, leading to repeated transfer cycles. To reduce time-to-pregnancy and stress for patients, there is a need for a diagnostic tool to better select embryos and oocytes based on their physiology. The current standard employs brightfield imaging, which provides limited physiological information. Here, we introduce METAPHOR: Metabolic Evaluation through Phasor-based Hyperspectral Imaging and Organelle Recognition. This non-invasive, label-free imaging method combines two-photon illumination and AI to deliver the metabolic profile of embryos and oocytes based on intrinsic autofluorescence signals. We used it to classify i) mouse blastocysts cultured under standard conditions or with depletion of selected metabolites (glucose, pyruvate, lactate); and ii) oocytes from young and old mouse females, or in vitro-aged oocytes. The imaging process was safe for blastocysts and oocytes. The METAPHOR classification of control vs. metabolites-depleted embryos reached an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 93.7%, compared to 51% achieved for human grading using brightfield imaging. The binary classification of young vs. old/in vitro-aged oocytes and their blastulation prediction using METAPHOR reached an AUC of 96.2% and 82.2%, respectively. Finally, organelle recognition and segmentation based on the flavin adenine dinucleotide signal revealed that quantification of mitochondria size and distribution can be used as a biomarker to classify oocytes and embryos. The performance and safety of the method highlight the accuracy of noninvasive metabolic imaging as a complementary approach to evaluate oocytes and embryos based on their physiology.
Ubiquitin-induced RNF168 condensation promotes DNA double-strand break repair
Authors: Feng Li-Li , Bie Shu-Ying , Deng Zhi-Heng , Bai Shao-Mei , Shi Jie , Qin Cao-Litao , Liu Huan-Lei , Li Jia-Xu , Chen Wan-Ying , Zhou Jin-Ying , Jiao Chun-Mei , Ma Yi , Qiu Meng-Bo , Ai Hua-Song , Zheng Jian , Hung Mien-Chie , Wang Yun-Long , Wan Xiang-Bo , Fan Xin-Juan
Published: July 2024

Rapid accumulation of repair factors at DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is essential for DSB repair. Several factors involved in DSB repair have been found undergoing liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) at DSB sites to facilitate DNA repair. RNF168, a RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase, catalyzes H2A.X ubiquitination for recruiting DNA repair factors. Yet, whether RNF168 undergoes LLPS at DSB sites remains unclear. Here, we identified K63-linked polyubiquitin-triggered RNF168 condensation which further promoted RNF168-mediated DSB repair. RNF168 formed liquid-like condensates upon irradiation in the nucleus while purified RNF168 protein also condensed in vitro. An intrinsically disordered region containing amino acids 460–550 was identified as the essential domain for RNF168 condensation. Interestingly, LLPS of RNF168 was significantly enhanced by K63-linked polyubiquitin chains, and LLPS largely enhanced the RNF168-mediated H2A.X ubiquitination, suggesting a positive feedback loop to facilitate RNF168 rapid accumulation and its catalytic activity. Functionally, LLPS deficiency of RNF168 resulted in delayed recruitment of 53BP1 and BRCA1 and subsequent impairment in DSB repair. Taken together, our finding demonstrates the pivotal effect of LLPS in RNF168-mediated DSB repair.
Fluid inertia controls mineral precipitation and clogging in pore to network-scale flows
Authors: Yang Weipeng , Chen Michael A. , Lee Sang Hyun , Kang Peter K.
Published: July 2024

Mineral precipitation caused by fluid mixing presents complex control and predictability challenges in a variety of natural and engineering processes, including carbon mineralization, geothermal energy, and microfluidics. Precipitation dynamics, particularly under the influence of fluid flow, remain poorly understood. Combining microfluidic experiments and three-dimensional reactive transport simulations, we demonstrate that fluid inertia controls mineral precipitation and clogging at flow intersections, even in laminar flows. We observe distinct precipitation regimes as a function of Reynolds number (Re). At low Reynolds numbers (Re < 10), precipitates form a thin, dense layer along the mixing interface, which shuts precipitation off, while at high Reynolds numbers (Re > 50), strong three-dimensional flows significantly enhance precipitation over the entire intersection, resulting in rapid clogging. When injection rates from two inlets are uneven, flow symmetry-breaking leads to unexpected flow bifurcation phenomena, which result in enhanced concurrent precipitation in both downstream channels. Finally, we extend our findings to rough channel networks and demonstrate that the identified inertial effects on precipitation at the intersection scale are also present and even more dramatic at the network scale. This study sheds light on the fundamental mechanisms underlying mixing-induced mineral precipitation and provides a framework for designing and optimizing processes involving mineral precipitation.
Exploring absolutive case in reversible sentence structures of Mandarin Chinese1, 2
Authors: Jin Lixin
Published: July 2024

This paper examines the absolutive case in Modern Mandarin Chinese sentences with reversible argument structures.
In these sentences, the two arguments adjacent to the verb can be interchangeable in syntactic position. Although previous
research has provided partial descriptions and analyses of this grammatical phenomenon, there is still no comprehensive and
systematic exploration of these reversible sentences. Employing a reductionist methodology, the study meticulously examines the
interaction modes between the verb and its arguments in eight types of reversible sentence structures involving the addition or
omission of argument roles. This analysis reveals a distinct pattern that highlights the centrality of an ‘absolute argument’
within these sentences. Building on these observations, the paper articulates the fundamental structural patterns of reversible
sentences and concludes a unified explanatory framework. This research enriches our understanding of Mandarin Chinese syntax and
offers valuable perspectives on the linguistic dynamics underlying reversible sentence construction.
Simulation of Rotating Asymmetric Sideways Forces during Vertical Displacement Events in CFETR
Authors: Jiang 蒋 Changzhi 长智 , Wang 王 Shunwen 顺文 , Zhou 周 Zhenyu 振宇 , Hu 胡 Di 地 , Li 李 Bo 博 ,   JOREK team
Published: July 2024

Tokamak plasmas with elongated cross sections are susceptible to vertical displacement events (VDEs), which can damage the first wall via heat flux or electromagnetic (EM) forces. We present a 3D nonlinear reduced magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation of CFETR plasma during a cold VDE following the thermal quench, focusing on the relationship among the EM force, plasma displacement, and the n = 1 mode. The dominant mode, identified as m/n = 2/1, becomes destabilized when most of the current is contracted within the q = 2 surface. The displacement of the plasma current centroid is less than that of the magnetic axis due to the presence of SOL current in the open field line region. Hence, the symmetric component of the induced vacuum vessel current is significantly mitigated. The direction of the sideways force keeps a constant phase approximately compared to the asymmetric component of the vacuum vessel current and the SOL current, which in turn keep in-phase with the dominant 2/1 mode. Their amplitudes are also closely associated with the growth of the dominant mode. These findings provide insights into potential methods for controlling the phase and amplitude of sideways forces during VDEs in the future.
Spectroscopy and microscopy characterizations of two-dimensional materials with Moiré superlattices
Authors: Wang Zhenlai , Zhu Mengjian
Published: July 2024

The Moiré superlattice formed by twisting two-dimensional materials at a certain angle has become an exciting platform for studying new properties of two-dimensional materials. Due to the introduction of new periodic potentials, Moiré superlattices can generate a series of exotic physical phenomena, for instance, Moiré excitons, unconventional superconductivity, topological phase transitions, and so on. Non-destructive characterization methods such as spectroscopic characterization and microscopy techniques are powerful tools for investigating the structural and electronic properties of Moiré superlattices. This review tries to provide a comprehensive introduction to typical spectroscopic methods such as Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, and the contributions of microscopy techniques such as scanning near-field optical microscopy in characterizations of Moiré superlattices. We summarize the latest progress made in the field of Moiré superlattices with the help of these techniques and discuss the advantages of different characterization methods.
Biplanar coils design for spatial nonlinear magnetic fields using an enhanced target field method
Authors: Yuan Shuai , Cui Peiling , Shi Minxia , Zhang Xu , Yang Jianzhi , Zhang Leran , Ma Yuzheng
Published: July 2024

The demand for spatial nonlinear magnetic fields (SNMF) spans diverse domains, encompassing medical applications like drug transportation and aerospace applications such as attitude control. Existing designs of magnetic field coils predominantly focus on uniform and gradient fields as the complexity of nonlinear magnetic field distribution often leads to intricate solution processes. This paper presents a novel approach to coil design, addressing the challenge of SNMF distribution by reconstructing the characteristic matrix within the traditional target field method (TFM). To solve the overdetermined equations involved, we incorporate an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm into the TFM framework. A pair of symmetrical and asymmetrical coils are designed and the effectiveness of this method is verified by comparing the simulated and experimental results.
Multi-IMUs and GNSS integrated positioning based on second-order autoregressive model
Authors: Li Jiajia , Yang Cheng , Li Mingyue , Gao Zhouzheng
Published: July 2024

The positioning accuracy of the low-cost inertial measurement unit (IMU) and global navigation satellite system (GNSS) integrated system degrades rapidly during the GNSS blockage, due to complex error terms contained in the IMU measurements. This study proposes a data fusion strategy by integrating measurements of multiple low-cost IMUs, aiming to denoise the high-frequency noise on individual IMU measurements. Moreover, a systematic error compensation strategy based on the second-order auto-regressive (AR2) model is proposed to reduce the impacts of the correlated error of the low-cost IMUs measurements on positioning during the GNSS blockage. The 3 h static IMUs measurement data are collected to analyze the different measurement fusion methods and measurement error characteristics. The Allan variance and power spectral density results indicate that the random errors of the fused IMU measurements are reduced by 69.57% compared to those of the individual IMU measurements. The frequency characteristic of the fused measurements is similar to that of the 6-level wavelet denoising technique with the db4 strategy, the high-frequency noise is reduced compared to that of individual IMU measurements. GNSS/IMUs loosely coupled architecture is employed to evaluate the positioning performance during the GNSS outage. Random walk (RW), first-order Gaussian Markov (GM1), and AR2 models are employed to describe the error characteristic of the IMU stochastic error. The positioning accuracy of the fused IMUs measurements by averaging with AR2 error compensating is improved by 59.88%, 59.97%, and 45.57% compared to those of RW, GM1, and AR2 with individual IMU measurements. The dynamic test results indicate that the fused IMU measurements with the AR2 error compensation decrease the error variance and improve the positioning accuracy during the GNSS outage.
Addendum: Thermodynamic quasi-equilibria in high power magnetron discharges: a generalized Poisson–Boltzmann relation (2023 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 32 055012)
Authors: Köhn Kevin , Krüger Dennis , Eremin Denis , Xu Liang , Brinkmann Ralf Peter
Published: July 2024

A recent publication by Köhn et al (2023 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.
32 055012) studied the quasi-equilibria of high power magnetron discharges through thermodynamic principles. A generalized, magnetic-field aware Poisson–Boltzmann relation for the electric potential and the electron density was established using a non-standard (multi-objective) variational principle. This addendum demonstrates that, assuming slow or quasistatic evolution, the same result can be realized via a standard (single-objective) variational principle, thereby streamlining the theoretical framework while preserving the robustness of the finding.
Copula-Based Prediction of Small Area Estimation for Youth Mean Years of Schooling in West Java Province
Authors: Agustina D N , Notodiputro K A , Indahwati  , Syafitri U D
Published: July 2024

Modeling-based estimation, namely small area estimation (SAE), is increasingly developing to provide reliable statistics on small areas. SAE’s critical role is to overcome the resource limitations required in presenting statistics at the small area level through direct estimation methods, namely census and survey. SAE is an alternative in fulfilling the need for basic data in small areas to support the accuracy of various policies both by the government and multiple stakeholders to encourage the successful implementation of Agromaritime 4.0 to contribute to sustainable development goals. This research applies SAE to present mean years of schooling (MYS) to provide reliable statistics in small areas. MYS is one of the benchmark indicators and the basis for efforts to improve human resource quality to optimize the implementation of Agromaritime 4.0 and successfully achieve the 2030 agenda of sustainable development goals. The application of the SAE model in this study uses a nested error regression model and a multivariate exchangeable copula model. The use of two models is expected to provide information regarding the performance of the two models and determine the best model in presenting indicators of the youth mean years of schooling by sub-district in West Java Province.
Modelling Chlorophyll and Nutrient Contents of Peperomia obtusifolia ‘Green Gold’ Using MAPIR RGN and RGB Sensors
Authors: Widjaja H , Rianto I A D , Trisasongko B H , Randrikasari O
Published: July 2024

Floriculture plants face challenges in terms of resilience and lengthy breeding processes. Ornamental leaf plants as a subset of floriculture encounter even higher ordeal, despite their high values. Research, although have been presented in the literature, are negligible compared to other agricultural commodities. Hence, to date, information gathered is considerably limited, especially the one that promotes non-invasive methods. In this study, Peperomia obtusifolia “Green Gold”, which has a unique leaf patterns and interesting colors, was investigated. This research aimed to identify the relationship between chlorophyll and leaf nutrient content, as well as their responses to RGB/RGN imaging sensors. Regression suggested a strong association between nutrients and chlorophyll. We found that spectral index like the Excess Green (EG) from the RGN sensor helps to effectively distinguish plants states. Nitrogen yielded the highest impact on chlorophyll, while phosphorus returned the least. Other nutrients like potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, and sulphur also contributed to chlorophyll levels. We developed preliminary machine learning models to predict chlorophyll from commonly used RGB/RGN imagers. The initial state suggested that prediction of chlorophyll is possible, while potential improvements should be initiated. The research highlighted the significance of these findings in advancing floriculture through imaging technology to allow developments of non-invasive methods for high throughput plant phenotyping.
Utilization of whey-based growth media for production of recombinant papain-like protease of SARS- CoV-2 under Escherichia coli host cells
Authors: Alifiya Q , Taufik E , Soenarno M S , Arifin M , Budiman C
Published: July 2024

The Papain-like protease (Plpro) of the SARS-CoV-2 virus represents a potential therapeutic target for combating Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Due to its practicality and cost-effectiveness, recombinant production of Plpro is conventionally achieved through Escherichia coli. However, this process’s synthetic Luria-Bertani (LB) medium remains economically burdensome. This study explores the feasibility of substituting LB medium with whey, a by-product of cheese processing renowned for its rich nutritional profile. Employing whey as an alternative growth medium for E. coli, the study investigates various whey concentrations obtained from homemade cheese production. Pre-cultured E. coli BL21(DE3) cells hosting the Plpro expression system were initially cultivated in LB broth before being transferred to a medium containing different ratios of LB and whey. The expression of Plpro was induced with one mM isoprophyl-β-d-thiogalactosidase (IPTG) when the cells reached an OD of 0.5-0.6. Intriguingly, the cells grown in a 50% whey + 50% LB medium exhibited a faster OD increase than other media compositions. Subsequent SDS-Page analysis confirmed Plpro expression post-IPTG induction, with optimal expression observed in the 50% whey medium. These findings suggest that a 50% whey medium is optimal for the cost-effective production of recombinant Plpro.
You Only Look Once (YOLOv8) for Fish Species Detection
Authors: Prameswari F , Octafiani H , Haryanto T
Published: July 2024

As a maritime nation characterised by vast expanses of seas, Indonesia committed to preserving and managing its abundant marine resources. Therefore, developing the fisheries industry with the ability of computers and its technology, especially in the process of fish species detection precisely. In this research, the author proposed a new model with the state-of-the-art deep learning YOLOv8s (You Only Look Once) for fish species detection. The model is trained with Fish-gres dataset to provide ground truth labels for training and evaluation purposes. Four species observed in this research: Chanos Chanos, Upeneus Moluccensis, Rastrelliger Faughni, and Oreochromis Niloticus. The research succeeds in detecting all four species in a total dataset of 2,000 images with 70% training data, 20% validation data, and 10% testing data. From the best-trained model testing on the test dataset, the mAP@0,5 performance for all classes is 98.2%.
Portable Spectrophotometer for Water Quality Monitoring in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems
Authors: Amijar M I S M , Mohamed Ramli N , Nurulhuda K , Abd Aziz S
Published: July 2024

Water quality management in aquaculture is vital, as aquatic life is highly sensitive to changes in parameters such as inorganic nitrogen, pH, temperature, presence of gas, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen. The water quality must therefore be consistently monitored and controlled for the aquatic life to maintain optimum health, productivity, and quality. Currently, the problem arises when water quality analyses are time-consuming and could not be done rapidly. Thus, this project focused on designing a low-cost portable wireless spectrophotometer system for rapid water quality measurements. The hardware components used in the system consist of a C12880MA mini spectrometer chip, a Bluetooth module, and an Arduino Nano microcontroller. The microcontroller was programmed using the Arduino IDE environment and run by an Open-Source Miniature Spectrophotometer (OSMS) application. In this study, a portable wireless spectrophotometer that can measure water quality parameters such as turbidity is demonstrated. Water samples from the recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) were used to measure the water turbidity. The main objective of the study is to verify the applicability of the portable spectrophotometer for rapid and reliable water quality monitoring. Results showed that the spectrophotometer measurements had R2 of 0.94 when regressed on the turbidity of the RAS water samples. This showed that the customised portable spectrophotometer could be instrumental for a low-cost and rapid water quality monitoring in RAS.
The consumer empowerment index in Indonesia: does socio-demographic matter?
Authors: Simanjuntak M
Published: July 2024

This study aims to examine how sociodemographic characteristics contribute to consumer empowerment in Indonesia. Systematic random sampling was used to pick 4200 respondents from 28 of the 34 provinces in the nation. The study examined the connections between sociodemographic traits such as income, location, age, gender, work status, and educational attainment and consumer empowerment. In-person interviews were conducted using structured questionnaires, and multiple linear regression and independent t-tests were utilized for statistical analysis. The overall consumer empowerment index for Indonesia was 32.06, according to the data, with rural areas having a lower rating than metropolitan areas. Significant differences were also seen between the two locations in terms of complaint behavior and legal and consumer protection organization expertise. The highest index, however, was seen in preferences for local products. According to the study, consumer empowerment was significantly impacted by just three of the six independent factors (income, education level, and geographic region). Consumer empowerment indexes were higher among respondents who lived in metropolitan areas and had more incomes and educational attainment. These results highlight the necessity for consumers to take an active role in their empowerment to guarantee that their obligations and rights are fulfilled.
Sustainable Rural Business Ecosystem of Pineapple Commodity in Peatland and Mangrove Ecosystem with One Village One CEO (OVOC) Program
Authors: Irfany M I , Purwawangsa H , Slamet A S , Prawiro B P , Haq D A
Published: July 2024

The concept of a green economy, focused on revitalizing peat ecosystems and mangrove reforestation, can enhance both environmental sustainability and the well-being of communities residingin these areas. This study investigates the efficacy of the “One Village One CEO” (OVOC) program within the pineapple farming community in Bengkalis’ peat region, exploring its role in promoting environmentally conscious pineapple cultivation. Through surveys and focused group discussions involving 30 participants from various stakeholder groups, including village farmers, BUMDes Kuala Alam members, Peat and Mangrove Restoration Agency representatives, and IPB lecturers, we analyze this initiative’s economic and environmental impact. Notably, pineapple cultivationhasexpandedfrom 10 hectares in 2019 to over 70 hectares in 2023, driven by a market demand of 2000 pineapples per day. Furthermore, developing rural business ecosystems has positively influenced land prices in Bengkalis’ peatlands, elevating Kuala Alam Village residents’ economic and professional prospects, transitioning many from rubber to pineapple farming, spanning across different age groups and family backgrounds.
Analysis of Sustainable Virtual Tourism Development At Conservation Institutions
Authors: Hasibuan RS , Soekmadi R , Purnomo H , Mulyono NB
Published: July 2024

This study attempts to examine the viability of developing virtual tourism at conservation institutions prior to, during, and following COVID-19. Using a rapfish technique and multidimensional scaling (MDS), this research was conducted and evaluated using the R software. In-depth interviews with information provided by stakeholders, including Taman Safari Indonesia Management, Cibeureum Village, Tourism Office, Transportation Service, Police, BKSDA, and academisi, were used to collect data. The five sustainability dimensions that were considered were ecological, economic, social, technological, and institutional. The research’s findings indicate which aspects-the best ecological in 2022, the best economic in post-COVID in 2023, the best social in the early stages of post-COVID in 2022, the best technology in post-COVID in 2023, and the best institution in post-COVID in 2023.
Status of crab fishery resources (Portunus pelagicus) on the Coast of Kebumen Regency
Authors: Shafeeq F D , Wahyuningrum P I , Wiryawan B
Published: July 2024

Blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) is one of the sought-after fisheries products in Indonesia. Additionally, the blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) has a broad market, both domestically and internationally. The increasing demand for crab products has led to a rise in capture intensity. Uncontrolled exploitation, coupled with climate and aquatic environmental changes, is feared to cause a decline in crab populations, posing a threat to the sustainability of crab fisheries. The objective of this research is to describe the fishing units and areas for crab capture, identify the composition of catch results, determine the crab (Portunus spp.) capture season, and evaluate the utilization status of crab resources along the southern coast of Kebumen Regency. Fishing units, catch composition, and crab capture seasons are analyzed descriptively. The analytical method used to determine the status of crab resource stocks is the estimation of the spawning potential ratio (SPR). The fishing gear used includes trawl nets and fiber boats for crab capture. The captured crabs consist of three species: Portunus pelagicus, Charybdis feriata, and Portunus sanguinolentus. The crab capture season is from February to June, peaking in March. The SPR analysis for swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) resulted in 25%. The crab stock status (Portunus pelagicus) in the southern coast of Kebumen Regency indicates a fully-exploited category, and one management option is to control crab capture efforts to increase crab biomass and maintain sustainability.
Impact of rainfall on the abundance of solid waste found in the flow of the Citarum River
Authors: Zainalarifin J , Kamilatunnisa A , Effendi H , Taryono
Published: July 2024

Pollution of solid waste flowing in river bodies is a major problem that can significantly reduce water quality. Weather factors that occur are thought to have an influence on the abundance of solid waste generation in river flows. This study aims to analyze the effect of rainfall on the abundance of solid waste found in the flow of the Citarum River, West Java. Waste data collection was carried out from April to June and August to November 2021 at four monitoring stations spread across Bandung Regency, West Bandung Regency, and Purwakarta Regency. Data collection of solid waste abundance was carried out using Framed Pocket Net, while rainfall was obtained from the monitoring results of the Bandung Geophysical Station. The results showed that rainfall 1 day before solid waste sampling had a real effect on solid waste abundance. While rainfall on 3 days, 2 days, and 0 days before solid waste sampling has no real effect. The correlation shown between day-1 rainfall and the abundance of solid waste is 0.3701, which is a low relationship. Meanwhile, based on the influence test, it shows that rainfall in day-1 has a weak effect on the abundance of solid waste. However, solid waste management still needs to be carried out, especially during the rainy season.
Detection and Quantification of Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS) Disease in Common carp Using Deep Learning
Authors: Nadja K K , Jaya I , Iqbal M , Santika A
Published: July 2024

Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is one of the freshwater fisheries commodities that has important economic value, so it is widely cultured. However, common carp farming is susceptible to diseases, such as Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS), which can lead to mortality. MAS disease is visually detectable, but continuous monitoring challenges arise for farmers. This research employs the YOLOv8 and DeepSORT algorithms to automatically detect common carp and wounds caused by Aeromonas hydrophila bacterial infection, obtaining wound area and swimming speed data. Training was conducted on a dataset with two different labels: infected fish wound areas and the entire fish body, using consecutive epochs of 3000 and 1000. The training results show wound label accuracy reached 91,49% for disease concentration of 107 cfu/mL and 88,68% for disease concentration of 108 cfu/mL, respectively, while the accuracy for fish label reached 96,61% for disease concentration of 107 cfu/mL and 93,44% for disease concentration of 108 cfu/mL. The coefficient value of predicted wound area against actual wound area approximates 1, indicating a close match between the two variables. The obtained fish swimming speed estimate reflects the lethargic behavior of fish due to MAS. The results demonstrate that the model is effective in detecting fish, wound areas, and swimming speed.
Dynamics of flower production and flower oil components from two accessions of Cananga (Cananga odorata) in dry season
Authors: Kurniawati A , Naimah M N R , Krisantini
Published: July 2024

Cananga flowers are a type of flower that produces economically important essential oils. Flower production and the chemical components of flower oil are influenced by the type of Cananga, flower harvest criteria, and growing environmental conditions. This research aims to analysis the production patterns of Cananga flowers and the components of their essential oils at the several harvest criteria in the dry season. The research consisted of two factors, namely Cananga accession and flower harvest criteria. The types of Cananga used were Cipanas and Kediri accessions, while the flower harvest criteria consisted of initial flowering, 25% full flowering, 50% full flowering, 75% full flowering and end flowering. The parameters observed were the number of flowers, flower production per plant and the essential oil profile of the flowers. The results showed that the Kediri accession had significantly higher production and number of flowers per plant than the Cipanas accession. Harvesting Cananga flowers at the 25% and 50% full bloom phases produces the highest production. There are 28 compounds of Cananga essential oil were detected with varying abundance. The most types of compounds found in the essential oil of the Kediri accession Cananga flowers are linalool, caryophyllene, β-Copaene, benzyl benzoate, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest number of compounds detected in Cipanas accession flower oil were linalool, caryophyllene, α-Bergamotene, β-Copaene, trans-farnesol and benzyl benzoate.
Historical and projected rainfall climatology in Sumatra based on the CMIP6
Authors: Mareta L , Agiel HM , Hadiningrum T
Published: July 2024

Sumatra is the largest island in Indonesia and has a vital role in maintaining Indonesia’s food security. Deformation on the island of Sumatra has resulted in severe seasonal haze. Apart from this, the deformation has also caused the Climate, especially rainfall in Sumatra, to change, thereby disrupting agricultural processes, which have disrupted food security in Sumatra. We can compare the historical and projected monthly rainfall climatology to see changes in rainfall patterns in Sumatra. The monthly rainfall climatology is the average rainfall over at least 30 years. Monthly rainfall climatology is used to identify the general rainfall situation in a region. Sumatra’s historical rainfall climatology uses CRU TS data, while the projected monthly rainfall climatology uses CMIP6 model data. Historical monthly rainfall climatology shows that Sumatra has a monsoon pattern: one peak of the rainy season and one peak of the dry season. The peak of the rainy season occurs in the wet season (December, January, and February), while the dry season occurs in the dry season (June, July, and August).
The addition of probiotic in selected production media and enzymes on rumen fermentability characteristics
Authors: Islami I , Evvyernie D , Rohmatussolihat  , Astuti W D , Fitri A , Fidriyanto R , Sarwono K A , Widyastuti Y , Ridwan R
Published: July 2024

This research evaluated the effect of adding probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (P), commercial enzymes (CE), and enzyme stimulation secretion (ESS40) on in vitro fermentation. The research was conducted in two stages: selection of probiotic production media and in vitro fermentation. Increasing dextrose, lysine, and methionine levels decreased pH but did not significantly increase the bacterial population. The treatments were Z0: concentrate 60% + Pennisetum purpureum 40% (basal diet), Z1: basal diet + 1% ESS40, Z2: basal diet + 1% CE, Z3: basal diet + 1% P, Z4: basal diet + 1% ESS40 + 1% CE, Z5: basal diet + 1% ESS40 + 1% P, Z6: basal diet + 1% CE + 1% P, Z7: basal diet + 1% ESS40 + 1% P. Adding 1% probiotic increased 1.1% propionic acid, decreased by 0.98% acetic acid and 0.9% A/P ratio. Gas production was highest with the addition of 1% CE and 1% P (106.4 mL/g DM). Rations with 1% CE and ESS40 reduced methane production by 52.16%. Adding probiotic, CE, and ESS40 did not affect digestibility, pH, and N-NH3. Increased use of dextrose can lower the pH of the medium. Combining probiotic L. plantarum with commercial enzymes and ESS40 reduced methane production better than the control.
The Response of Advanced Generation Wheat Lines Derived from Convergent Breeding to Biotic Stress in High Altitude Area
Authors: Firmansah H , Wahyu Y , Nur A , Tondok ET
Published: July 2024

Wheat development in tropical regions faces various obstacles, one of which is biotic stress from pests and diseases. This research aims to determine how these limiting factors inhibit production improvement. The study was conducted in high altitude areas characterized by high rainfall and various organisms that symbiotically adapt to wheat plants. An analysis was performed to assess the impact of biotic stress on the observed response variables. The research arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications, using 26 advanced-generation wheat lines derived from convergent breeding and four check national varieties. Results showed that some organisms impacted lodged plants, empty spikelets, and yellow spots on flag leaves. The percentage of empty florets was the most significant factor affecting seed yield. The resistance level to the yellow leaf spot of all wheat lines and varieties was thought to be good because the inoculum of the yellow leaf spot pathogen was still limited. Yield character performance of almost all wheat lines were better compare to the national varieties which were used as control. Lodging frequency and empty florets correlated negatively to seed weight. Empty florets had the strongest direct negative effect on yield compared to other characters.
Preference and Consumption of Processed Food Products among Adolescents in 15 Provinces of Indonesia: An Explorative Study
Authors: Briawan D , Nasution Z , Alfiah E , Khomsan A , Putri P A
Published: July 2024

Food consumption behaviour among adolescents had a significant impact on stunting as a second window of opportunity. This study aimed to investigate the preference and consumption habit of processed food products among 4500 adolescents in 15 provinces of Indonesia, which involved rural and urban areas. A cross-sectional design was used and food consumption was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, while food preference was measured using Likert scale. A t-test was used to compare preference and consumption in Java-Bali (JB) and Non Java-Bali (NJB) due to differences in technological and economic development in both regions. Adolescents in JB showed more preference for dairy, meat-based, and bakery products, whilst those in NJB preferred dairy and bakery products as well as ready-to-eat snacks more. In terms of consumption of processed foods, there was a significant difference between JB and NJB (p<0.05). Adolescents in JB and NJB were found to consume a higher quantity of ready-to-eat snacks, non-dairy drinks, and dairy products. Logistic regression showed that adolescents who reside in JB and urban areas with higher education level, employed parents, higher economic status, and smaller family size tend to consume processed foods more often.
Exploring the Potential Impact of Ginger Consumption on the Duration of COVID-19 Recovery: A Propensity Score Matching using Random Forest
Authors: Sururin Nufus Rafika Damayanti , Susetyo Budi , Sartono Bagus , Efriwati
Published: July 2024

Ginger has been recognized by the Indonesian population as a potential alternative remedy for COVID-19, despite the absence of a definitive cure. However, evaluating the impact of ginger consumption on COVID-19 recovery among survivors poses ethical challenges. To address this, a statistical method known as propensity score matching was employed to balance the comparison between survivors who consumed ginger and those who did not. The study aimed to statistically assess the impact of ginger consumption on recovery duration, using propensity score matching and a random forest. Variables such as sex, age, isolation type, vaccination history, symptoms, and COVID wave were included in the analysis. The study resulted in a significant reduction in bias (33.5 percent) and revealed no statistically significant impact.