bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simple model of saturable localised surface plasmon
Authors: Oka Hisaki , Ohdaira Yasuo
Published: February 2018

Localised surface plasmons (LSPs) are now applied to various fields, such as bio-sensing, solar cell, molecular fluorescence enhancement and quantum-controlled devices at nanometre scale. Recent experiments show that LSPs are optically saturated by high-intensity light. Absorption saturation arises as a result of strong optical nonlinearity and cannot be explained by the conventional boson model of LSPs. Here, we propose a simple model of saturable LSPs using an effective dipole approximation. The strategy is to directly compare the classical linear optical response of an LSP with that obtained from a saturable quantum two-level system in the limit of weak excitation. The second quantization can then be performed by replacing a classical polarizability with a quantum dipole operator. Taking an ellipsoidal nanometal as an example, we analyse in detail the optical response of a single ellipsoidal nanometal to validate our model. Our numerical results show that the plasmon resonance frequency and spectral linewidth decrease as the aspect ratio of the ellipsoid increases, which is similar to the size dependence observed in early experiments.
Micro-computed tomography for the quantification of blocked fibers in hemodialyzers
Authors: Vanommeslaeghe Floris , Van Biesen Wim , Dierick Manuel , Boone Matthieu , Dhondt Annemieke , Eloot Sunny
Published: February 2018

A novel technique based on micro-CT scanning is developed to quantify coagulation in fibers of hemodialyzers. This objectivation is needed to allow accurate assessment of thrombogenicity of dialyzers used during hemodialysis, for example when comparing different strategies to avoid coagulation and/or fiber blocking. The protocol allowed imaging at a resolution of 25 µm, making it possible to count the open, non-coagulated fibers in a non-invasive way. In 3 fresh, non-used FX600 hemodialyzers, patent fiber counts were extremely consistent (10748 ± 2). To illustrate the potential of this technique, different dialysis parameters currently used as surrogates for fiber blocking were evaluated during 20 hemodialysis sessions. After dialysis, the FX600 dialyzers were visually scored for clotting, dried and subsequently weighed and scanned. The number of patent fibers (10003 [8763,10330], range 534–10692) did not correlate with any of the recorded surrogate parameters. Micro-CT scanning is a feasible, objective, non-invasive, accurate and reproducible tool for quantification of the degree of fiber blocking in a hemodialyzer after use, making it a potential gold standard for use in studies on fiber blocking during renal replacement therapies.
People Can Create Iconic Vocalizations to Communicate Various Meanings to Naïve Listeners
Authors: Perlman Marcus , Lupyan Gary
Published: February 2018

The innovation of iconic gestures is essential to establishing the vocabularies of signed languages, but might iconicity also play a role in the origin of spoken words? Can people create novel vocalizations that are comprehensible to naïve listeners without prior convention? We launched a contest in which participants submitted non-linguistic vocalizations for 30 meanings spanning actions, humans, animals, inanimate objects, properties, quantifiers and demonstratives. The winner was determined by the ability of naïve listeners to infer the meanings of the vocalizations. We report a series of experiments and analyses that evaluated the vocalizations for: (1) comprehensibility to naïve listeners; (2) the degree to which they were iconic; (3) agreement between producers and listeners in iconicity; and (4) whether iconicity helps listeners learn the vocalizations as category labels. The results show contestants were able to create successful iconic vocalizations for most of the meanings, which were largely comprehensible to naïve listeners, and easier to learn as category labels. These findings demonstrate how iconic vocalizations can enable interlocutors to establish understanding in the absence of conventions. They suggest that, prior to the advent of full-blown spoken languages, people could have used iconic vocalizations to ground a spoken vocabulary with considerable semantic breadth.
Identifying Phase-Amplitude Coupling in Cyclic Alternating Pattern using Masking Signals
Authors: Yeh Chien-Hung , Shi Wenbin
Published: February 2018

Judiciously classifying phase-A subtypes in cyclic alternating pattern (CAP) is critical for investigating sleep dynamics. Phase-amplitude coupling (PAC), one of the representative forms of neural rhythmic interaction, is defined as the amplitude of high-frequency activities modulated by the phase of low-frequency oscillations. To examine PACs under more or less synchronized conditions, we propose a nonlinear approach, named the masking phase-amplitude coupling (MPAC), to quantify physiological interactions between high (α/lowβ) and low (δ) frequency bands. The results reveal that the coupling intensity is generally the highest in subtype A1 and lowest in A3. MPACs among various physiological conditions/disorders (p < 0.0001) and sleep stages (p < 0.0001 except S4) are tested. MPACs are found significantly stronger in light sleep than deep sleep (p < 0.0001). Physiological conditions/disorders show similar order in MPACs. Phase-amplitude dependence between δ and α/lowβ oscillations are examined as well. δ phase tent to phase-locked to α/lowβ amplitude in subtype A1 more than the rest. These results suggest that an elevated δ-α/lowβ MPACs can reflect some synchronization in CAP. Therefore, MPAC can be a potential tool to investigate neural interactions between different time scales, and δ-α/lowβ MPAC can serve as a feasible biomarker for sleep microstructure.
Impact of Synaptic Device Variations on Pattern Recognition Accuracy in a Hardware Neural Network
Authors: Kim Sungho , Lim Meehyun , Kim Yeamin , Kim Hee-Dong , Choi Sung-Jin
Published: February 2018

Neuromorphic systems (hardware neural networks) derive inspiration from biological neural systems and are expected to be a computing breakthrough beyond conventional von Neumann architecture. Interestingly, in neuromorphic systems, the processing and storing of information can be performed simultaneously by modulating the connection strength of a synaptic device (i.e., synaptic weight). Previously investigated synaptic devices can emulate the functionality of biological synapses successfully by utilizing various nano-electronic phenomena; however, the impact of intrinsic synaptic device variability on the system performance has not yet been studied. Here, we perform a device-to-system level simulation of different synaptic device variation parameters in a designed neuromorphic system that has the potential for unsupervised learning and pattern recognition. The effects of variations in parameters such as the weight modulation nonlinearity (NL), the minimum-maximum weight (G
min
and G
max
), and the weight update margin (ΔG) on the pattern recognition accuracy are analyzed quantitatively. These simulation results can provide guidelines for the continued design and optimization of a synaptic device for realizing a functional large-scale neuromorphic computing system.
Cryofocus fast gas chromatography combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry for rapid detection of synthetic steroid use in sport doping
Authors: Tobias Herbert J. , Brenna J. Thomas
Published: February 2018

Sports doping requires high precision carbon isotope ratio (CIR) analysis of endogenous steroids using gas chromatography-combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GCC-IRMS), however methods are relatively slow and cumbersome. In this work, speed of analysis is improved.
A high performance catalyst for methane conversion to methanol: graphene supported single atom Co
Authors: Yuan Jinyun , Zhang Wenhua , Li Xingxing , Yang Jinlong
Published: February 2018

The high reaction efficiency of methane conversion to methanol was predicted over a single atom Co-embedded graphene catalyst.
Diels–Alder reactions between hexafluoro-2-butyne and bis-furyl dienes: kinetic versus thermodynamic control
Authors: Borisova Kseniya K. , Nikitina Eugeniya V. , Novikov Roman A. , Khrustalev Victor N. , Dorovatovskii Pavel V. , Zubavichus Yan V. , Kuznetsov Maxim L. , Zaytsev Vladimir P. , Varlamov Alexey V. , Zubkov Fedor I.
Published: February 2018

The tandem [4+2] cycloaddition between hexafluoro-2-butyne and bis-furyl diens can lead to “pincer” or “domino”-adducts.
Isothermal multiple displacement amplification of DNA templates in minimally buffered conditions using phi29 polymerase
Authors: Tenaglia Enrico , Imaizumi Yuki , Miyahara Yuji , Guiducci Carlotta
Published: February 2018

phi29 can be used to amplify DNA and at constant temperature and minimally buffered conditions to produce pH readouts.
A monoanionic NNNN-type macrocyclic ligand for electropositive metal centers
Authors: Mukherjee Debabrata , Okuda Jun
Published: February 2018

The mono(amido) triamine macrocyclic ligand Me3TACD [(Me3TACD)H = 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane] is a versatile supporting ligand for a variety of electropositive metals.
Insights into the polymorphic transformation mechanism of aluminum hydroxide during carbonation of potassium aluminate solution
Authors: Jiang You-Fa , Liu Cheng-Lin , Xue Jin , Li Ping , Yu Jian-Guo
Published: February 2018

Polymorphic transformation from bayerite to gibbsite is discussed kinetically and structurally. Possibility of crossovers in Al(OH)3 polymorphs stability is investigated for the first time.
Intramolecular singlet fission in a face-to-face stacked tetracene trimer
Authors: Wang Xuemin , Wang Rui , Shen Li , Tang Zhaofeng , Wen Congying , Dong Bin , Liu Heyuan , Zhang Chunfeng , Li Xiyou
Published: February 2018

Efficient intramolecular singlet fission can be achieved in a “face-to-face” stacked tetracene trimer.
Self-assemblies of TTF derivatives programmed by alkyl chains and functional groups
Authors: Zhu Xiao-yang , Tu Bin , Hu Guo-jun , Fang Qiao-jun , Qi Jun-jie , Xiao Xun-wen , Geng Yan-fang , Zeng Qing-dao
Published: February 2018

Tetrathiafulvalenes (TTFs) are a class of important functional materials whose intermolecular interaction, which will contribute to constructing a supramolecular structure, still needs further understanding.
Basic photophysical analysis of a thermally activated delayed fluorescence copper(i) complex in the solid state: theoretical estimations from a polarizable continuum model (PCM)-tuned range-separated density functional approach
Authors: Lv Lingling , Yuan Kun , Wang Yongcheng
Published: February 2018

The calculated conversion and decay rates of the S1and T1states at 300 K.
Protonation-induced ultrafast torsional dynamics in 9-anthrylbenzimidazole: a pH activated molecular rotor
Authors: Nandi Amitabha , Kushwaha Archana , Das Dipanwita , Ghosh Rajib
Published: February 2018

Protonation activated molecular rotor property is demonstrated in 9-anthrylbenzimidazole which probes a wide range of viscosity selectively at acidic pH (pH < 5).
Understanding the ionic conductivity maximum in doped ceria: trapping and blocking
Authors: Koettgen Julius , Grieshammer Steffen , Hein Philipp , Grope Benjamin O. H. , Nakayama Masanobu , Martin Manfred
Published: February 2018

Ionic conductivity is systematically predicted by only a few migration energies from first-principles DFT calculations combined with Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations.
Tin(iv) chalcogenoether complexes as single source precursors for the chemical vapour deposition of SnE2 and SnE (E = S, Se) thin films
Authors: Gurnani Chitra , Hawken Samantha L. , Hector Andrew L. , Huang Ruomeng , Jura Marek , Levason William , Perkins James , Reid Gillian , Stenning Gavin B. G.
Published: February 2018

Distorted octahedral complexes of Sn(iv) with thio- and seleno-ether ligands have been used as single source precursors in low pressure CVD experiments under various conditions to deposit tin mono and dichalcogenide thin films.
Synthesis, structure and optoelectronic properties of hybrid iodobismuthate & iodoantimonate semiconducting materials
Authors: Dennington Adam J. , Weller Mark T.
Published: February 2018

The syntheses, structures and optical absorption spectra of five iodobismuthate and nine iodoantimonate hybrid materials are presented.
Urinary metabolomic study of the antagonistic effect of P. ginseng in rats with estrogen decline using ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Lin He , Liu Zhongying , Pi Zifeng , Men Lihui , Chen Weijia , Liu Zhiqiang
Published: February 2018

This study investigates the antagonistic effect of Panax ginseng in rats with estrogen decline by its intervention in some major endogenous metabolic pathways.
Organocatalysed depolymerisation of PET in a fully sustainable cycle using thermally stable protic ionic salt
Authors: Jehanno Coralie , Flores Irma , Dove Andrew P. , Müller Alejandro J. , Ruipérez Fernando , Sardon Haritz
Published: February 2018

An innovative temperature-resistant organocatalyst allows the depolymerisation of PET through a solvent-free process, opening routes to green recycling of common plastics.
Calibration approaches for the measurement of aerosol multielemental concentration using spark emission spectroscopy
Authors: Zheng Lina , Kulkarni Pramod , Dionysiou Dionysios D.
Published: February 2018

A multivariate calibration approach, using partial least squares regression, has been developed for the measurement of aerosol elemental concentration.
Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of six highly cytotoxic ruthenium(ii) complexes with 4′-substituted-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine
Authors: Qin Qi-Pin , Meng Ting , Tan Ming-Xiong , Liu Yan-Cheng , Wang Shu-Long , Zou Bi-Qun , Liang Hong
Published: February 2018

Various experiments show that Ru1 and Ru6 are telomerase inhibitors targeting c-myc G4 DNA and also cause apoptosis of Hep-G2 cells.
Recent updates in the discovery and development of novel antimalarial drug candidates
Authors: Okombo John , Chibale Kelly
Published: February 2018

Concerns of emerging resistance and the search for molecules with potential for single exposure radical cure and prophylaxis have spurred research into compounds with target profiles for clinical development into antimalarial drugs.
Directional growth, physicochemical and quantum chemical investigations on pyridinium 2-carboxylate: 4-nitrophenol (P2C4N) single crystal for nonlinear optical (NLO) applications
Authors: Sivasubramani V. , George Jesby , Pandian M. Senthil , Ramasamy P. , Pounraj P. , Maurya K. K. , Sajan D.
Published: February 2018

An organic nonlinear optical (NLO) single crystal of pyridinium 2-carboxylate: 4-nitrophenol (P2C4N) was grown by the Sankaranarayanan-Ramasamy (SR) method using the (1 1 −1) plane.
Freestanding flexible polymer films based on bridging of two EDOT units with functionalized chains for use in long-term-stable supercapacitors
Authors: Ye Guo , Zhou Qianjie , Li Danqin , Zuo Yinxiu , Duan Xuemin , Zhou Weiqiang , Xu Jingkun
Published: February 2018

Freestanding flexible films were prepared by cross-linking two EDOT unit with fictionalized flexible chains, the application of these films in supercapacitors showed excellent cycling life.
Ultrasound-assisted one-pot multicomponent 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition strategy: combinatorial synthesis of spiro-acenaphthylene-S,S-acetal and 2H-pyranone derivatives
Authors: Thimmarayaperumal Solaimalai , Shanmugam Sivakumar
Published: February 2018

The stereo/regio/chemoselective syntheses of a library of novel spiro[acenaphthylene-1,3′-pyrrolizin]-2-one and spiro[acenaphthylene-1,5′-pyrrolo[1,2-c]thiazol]-2-one have been achieved through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition.
A simple hydrazone as a multianalyte (Cu2+, Al3+, Zn2+) sensor at different pH values and the resultant Al3+ complex as a sensor for F−
Authors: Wu Wei-Na , Wu Hao , Wang Yuan , Mao Xian-Jie , Liu Bao-Zhong , Zhao Xiao-Lei , Xu Zhou-Qing , Fan Yun-Chang , Xu Zhi-Hong
Published: February 2018

A fluorescent probe for Al3+ and Zn2+ was synthesised, and the resultant Al3+-complex was used for the detection of F−.
An Au@Ag nanocube based plasmonic nano-sensor for rapid detection of sulfide ions with high sensitivity
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhang Junxia , Wang Fei , Shen Jingjing , Zhang Ying , Wu Lingzhi , Lu Xiaomei , Wang Lianhui , Fan Quli , Huang Wei
Published: February 2018

Based on the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) technology, a novel plasmonic nanosensor with high sensitivity and high selectivity was prepared for the detection of trace sulfide ions on an individual Au@Ag nanoparticle.
Selective removal of lead ions from aqueous solutions using 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone (DHAQ) functionalized graphene oxide; isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic studies
Authors: Khazaei Mohammad , Nasseri Simin , Ganjali Mohammad Reza , Khoobi Mehdi , Nabizadeh Ramin , Gholibegloo Elham , Nazmara Shahrokh
Published: February 2018

The Fe3O4@DHAQ_GO nanocomposite can serve as an efficient adsorbent for the selective removal of lead from polluted water.
Structure and dynamics of stereo-regular poly(methyl-methacrylate) melts through atomistic molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: F. Behbahani Alireza , Vaez Allaei S. Mehdi , H. Motlagh Ghodratollah , Eslami Hossein , Harmandaris Vagelis A.
Published: February 2018

Various dynamical modes, conformations of different parts of the chain, and local packing characteristics are analyzed in detail for PMMA stereo-isomers.
Liquid metal-based amalgamation-assisted lithography for fabrication of complex channels with diverse structures and configurations
Authors: Yan Sheng , Li Yuxing , Zhao Qianbin , Yuan Dan , Yun Guolin , Zhang Jun , Wen Weijia , Tang Shi-Yang , Li Weihua
Published: February 2018

In this work, we proposed an amalgamation-assisted lithography technique using liquid metal alloys for the fabrication of complex channels with a simple fabrication process, room-temperature fabrication and low toxicity.
Protected 5-(hydroxymethyl)uracil nucleotides bearing visible-light photocleavable groups as building blocks for polymerase synthesis of photocaged DNA
Authors: Boháčová Soňa , Ludvíková Lucie , Poštová Slavětínská Lenka , Vaníková Zuzana , Klán Petr , Hocek Michal
Published: February 2018

Protected 5-(hydroxymethyl)uracil nucleotides bearing photocleavable groups as building blocks for polymerase synthesis of photocaged DNA.
Road safety analysis for high‐speed vehicle in complex environments based on the viability kernel
Authors: Liu Lei , Gao Yan , Wang Fu‐Cheng
Published: February 2018

Road safety analysis is important for vehicles that travel at high speeds. This study proposes a novel viability kernel calculation method for road safety analysis. The viability kernel can be represented by a polyhedron, which is suitable for calculation of the algorithm. This facility solves the problem of analysing the permanent admissible areas of the road with constrains and all possible input of the vehicle. First, the concepts of the viability kernel are described and a simplified vehicle model is developed. Second, the viability kernel is applied to analyse road safety for vehicles on a straight road. Third, the analyses are extended to a straight‐corner‐straight model, which can be used to simulate general road conditions. The proposed method can predict the largest safety area of the road for vehicles travelling at a high constant speed. In the future, the proposed methods can be applied to calculate the radical safe control for high‐speed vehicles in complex road circumstances.
Fault diagnosis and tolerant control for power converter in SRM drives
Authors: Ali Nasir , Gao Qiang , Xu Cai , Makys Pavol , Stulrajter Marek
Published: February 2018

Switched reluctance motors (SRMs) are considered a competitive technology for more electric aircraft and automotive applications due to their excellent fault‐tolerant capabilities and robust configuration. In such applications, system reliability is a crucial feature. Therefore, here, a new fault‐tolerant control strategy with real‐time fault diagnosis for power transistor faults in SRM drives is proposed. The developed fault‐tolerant topology is composed of four additional power switches and a relay network based on the conventional asymmetric converter. Moreover, an online fault diagnostic algorithm based on high‐frequency (HF) signal injection is proposed. In contrast to the existing strategies that use additional sensors, this diagnostic algorithm extracts the fault signatures from the fundamental current by injecting an HF voltage signal into the upper switches of the asymmetric converter. Open‐ and short‐circuit faults of the power switches are analysed by monitoring the variation in frequency and amplitude of the resulting HF current along with the amplitude variation in fundamental current with the occurrence of fault. Simulations performed on a three‐phase 12/8 SRM drive and results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
Effective measures for improving switching performance of SiC JFET bi‐directional switches
Authors: Wang Lina , Yang Junyi , Zhang Xiangcai , Oladele Olanrewaju Kabir
Published: February 2018

Silicon carbide (SiC)‐based junction field‐effect transistor (JFET) bi‐directional switches (BDSs) have great potential in the construction of many power electronic circuits, including matrix converters, multi‐level converters, solid‐state breakers, and cycloconverters. However, the oscillations of BDSs during turn‐on and turn‐off transition have great impacts on the stability and reliability of power electronic systems. Two methods are proposed to improve the switching performance, namely using a snubber capacitor and using a ferrite ring. It is found that the use of a snubber capacitor mainly improves the turn‐off transition, and the use of a ferrite ring not only damps the oscillation of current waveform during turn‐on transition but also makes the waveforms cleaner and less noisy. Besides, both methods can cut down settling time significantly. The effects have been demonstrated by theoretical analysis and verified by experimental results.
Phase‐shift full bridge power supply based on SiC devices
Authors: Liu Guobing , Wang Kui , Qu Cangqi , Liu Shaogang , Jia Qi , Li Yongdong
Published: February 2018

In order to accurately obtain the switching characteristics of SiC MOSFET in practical application, a dual pulse test circuit is used to test the SiC MOSFET in this subject. By analysing the double pulse test circuit and taking into account the parasitic parameters, the effects of different gate resistances (R g) and the capacitance between gate and source (C gs) on the switching characteristics of the SiC MOSFET are summarised. Also, a phase‐shifted full‐bridge power supply based on SiC device is designed, which can be changed from 270 V direct current (DC) to 220 V alternating current (AC)/50 Hz, which consists of two stages. The first stage is the phase shifted full bridge ZVS DC/DC converter, which will boost the 270 V DC to the 350 V DC; the latter is a single‐phase full bridge inverter, and the 350 V DC will be converted to the 220 V AC/50 Hz. The power supply uses the SiC MOSFET as the switch tube, which can reduce the switching loss, improve the switching frequency and reduce the volume of the transformer. A rectifier circuit using a SiC Schottky diode, with almost no reverse recovery process, greatly reduced the transformer side parasitic oscillation and improved the efficiency of the power supply. In this study, the design method of the parameters of the power supply is described in detail. Finally, the rationality of the design of the power supply parameters is verified by MATLAB/Simulink simulation and experimental prototypes.
Rotating rectifier fault detection method of wound‐rotor synchronous starter‐generator with three‐phase exciter
Authors: Wei Zhihuang , Liu Weiguo , Zhang Zan , Jiao Ningfei , Peng Jichang , Meng Tao
Published: February 2018

This study focuses on the rotating rectifier fault detection method of the wound‐rotor synchronous starter‐generator (WSSG) with the three‐phase exciter. Due to the difference in the topography between the traditional DC filed excitation system and the three‐phase exciter, the existing method for rotating rectifier fault detection of DC filed excitation system is not effective in WSSG. To solve this problem, this study points out that the ratio of the second to fourth harmonic's amplitude and the fundamental amplitude can be used as the signature after having analysed harmonic components of the exciter rotor current which is estimated by stator flux under the healthy and fault condition. The novel method puts forward that the ratio's Euclidean distance can determine whether the rotating rectifier is faulty or not, and discriminate which phase becomes a fault. By comparing the sum of the maximum and minimum faulty phase current within one cycle with a set threshold value, the location of failure diode is confirmed. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Comparative stability and sensitivity analysis of disturbance‐observer‐based disturbance attenuation methods in more electric aircraft DC power system
Authors: Ma Yue , Zhang Xuan , Xu Lie , Li Yongdong
Published: February 2018

Based on the disturbance‐observer (DOB)‐based disturbance attenuation, this study proposed three disturbance feed‐forward compensation methods in more electric aircraft DC power system. This study compares the observation performance of three DOBs, including traditional linear DOB, improved non‐linear DOB and DOB based on extended Kalman filter. Theoretical and simulation results verify the stability promotion and sensitivity effects of the disturbance feed‐forward compensators.
Design and operating mode analysis of hybrid actuation system based on EHA/SHA
Authors: Zidong Liu , Zhiqiang Bai , Shuhan Xu
Published: February 2018

By analysing the structure and working principle of hybrid actuation system (HAS) which consists of a servo‐hydraulic actuator (SHA) and an electro‐hydrostatic actuator (EHA), the overall mathematical model with dissimilar redundancy conforms is established, which considers various influencing factors, such as air load and attachment stiffness. Furthermore, the mechanism of dynamic force fighting is expounded. In addition, a new control strategy which uses the trajectory generator and weight coefficient theory is proposed to restrain the force fighting. The modelling and simulation analysis between the new control strategy and a conventional proportional–integral–derivative control strategy is carried out as well. Based on the above researches, quantitative analysis is carried out on the procedure of operating mode switching, which is from active/active mode to active/passive mode. The results indicate that the position/velocity trade‐off control strategy has a good control performance, and effectively restrains the static force fighting as well as dynamic force fighting. Besides that, it can also shorten the system response time. The HAS can still meet the actuating requirements after the operating mode switches to active/passive mode. The actuator in passive state generates a certain static error by the reason of tracking the position of the control surface.
Long-lasting injection of solar energetic electrons into the heliosphere
Authors: Dresing N. , Gómez-Herrero R. , Heber B. , Klassen A. , Temmer M. , Veronig A.
Published: February 2018

Context. The main sources of solar energetic particle (SEP) events are solar flares and shocks driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs). While it is generally accepted that energetic protons can be accelerated by shocks, whether or not these shocks can also efficiently accelerate solar energetic electrons is still debated. In this study we present observations of the extremely widespread SEP event of 26 Dec 2013 To the knowledge of the authors, this is the widest longitudinal SEP distribution ever observed together with unusually long-lasting energetic electron anisotropies at all observer positions. Further striking features of the event are long-lasting SEP intensity increases, two distinct SEP components with the second component mainly consisting of high-energy particles, a complex associated coronal activity including a pronounced signature of a shock in radio type-II observations, and the interaction of two CMEs early in the event.

Aims. The observations require a prolonged injection scenario not only for protons but also for electrons. We therefore analyze the data comprehensively to characterize the possible role of the shock for the electron event.

Methods. Remote-sensing observations of the complex solar activity are combined with in situ measurements of the particle event. We also apply a graduated cylindrical shell (GCS) model to the coronagraph observations of the two associated CMEs to analyze their interaction.

Results. We find that the shock alone is likely not responsible for this extremely wide SEP event. Therefore we propose a scenario of trapped energetic particles inside the CME–CME interaction region which undergo further acceleration due to the shock propagating through this region, stochastic acceleration, or ongoing reconnection processes inside the interaction region. The origin of the second component of the SEP event is likely caused by a sudden opening of the particle trap.
Strangeness at high μB: Recent data from FOPI and HADES
Authors: Leifels Yvonne
Published: February 2018

Strangeness production in heavy-ion reactions at incident energies at or below the threshold in NN collisions gives access to the characteristics of bulk nuclear matter and the properties of strange particles inside the hot and dense nuclear medium, like potentials and interaction cross sections. At these energies strangeness is produced in multi-step processes potentially via excitation of intermediate heavy resonances. The amount of experimental data on strangeness production at these energies has increased substantially during the last years due to the FOPI and the HADES experiments at SIS18 at GSI. Experimental data on K+ and K0 production support the assumption that particles with an s quark feel a moderate repulsive potential in the nuclear medium. The situation is not that clear in the case of K-. Here, spectra and flow of K- mesons is influenced by the contribution of ø mesons which are decaying into K+K- pairs with a branching ratio of 48.9 %. Depending on incident energy upto 30 % of all K- mesons measured in heavyion collisions are originating from ø-decays. Strangeness production yields - except the yield of Ξ- are described by thermal hadronisation models. Experimental data not only measured for heavy-ion collisions but also in proton induced reactions are described with sets of temperature T and baryon chemical potential μb which are close to a universal freeze-out curve which is fitting also experimental data obtained at lower baryon chemical potential. Despite the good description of most particle production yields, the question how this is achieved is still not settled and should be the focus of further investigations.
Strangeness at Intermediate Baryon Density
Authors: Tlusty David
Published: February 2018

Exploration of the QCD phase diagram has been one of the main programs of contemporary nuclear physics. The intermediate baryon density region covers a broad range of the baryon chemical potential, between 100 and 700 MeV, and is expected to include a possible critial point at the end of a phase equilibrium curve between the hadron gas and quark gluon plasma phases. Experimental programs at the SPS and RHIC facilities have provided valuable insights in this range. These proceedings motivate the exploration of the QCD phase diagram through the use of strangeness. A selection of relevant experimental results from RHIC and SPS beam energy scan programs with associated theoretical predictions is presented along with a discussion of possible physical conclusions and future plans.
Small collision systems: Theory overview on cold nuclear matter effects
Authors: Armesto Néstor
Published: February 2018

Many observables measured at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider show a smooth transition between proton-proton and protonnucleus collisions (small systems), and nucleus-nucleus collisions (large systems), when represented versus some variable like the multiplicity in the event. In this contribution I review some of the physics mechanisms, named cold nuclear matter effects, that may lead to a collective-like behaviour in small systems beyond the macroscopic description provided by relativistic hydrodynamics. I focus on the nuclear modification of parton densities, single inclusive particle production and correlations.
Small Collision Systems at RHIC
Authors: Novitzky Norbert
Published: February 2018

The observation of long range correlations in highly asymmetric systems, as in p+Pb and d+Au collisions, suggests a creation of a medium with collective behavior. It is still an open question if the quark-gluon plasma is formed in these collision. Hence, the RHIC collider invested time to study the small systems in different collision systems and energies. Here we discuss the recent results from the PHENIX and STAR collaborations in four different collision systems p+Al, p+Au, d+Au and 3He+Au at [see formula in PDF] = 200 GeV, and also for the energy scan in d+Au collisions between [see formula in PDF] = 19.6 – 200 GeV.
Strange and heavy hadrons production from coalescence plus fragmentation in AA collisions at RHIC and LHC
Authors: Plumari Salvatore , Minissale Vincenzo , Das Santosh K. , Scardina Francesco , Greco Vincenzo
Published: February 2018

In a coalescence plus fragmentation approach we study the pT spectra of charmed hadrons D0, Ds up to about 10 GeV and the Λ+c /D0 ratio from RHIC to LHC energies. In this study we have included the contribution from decays of heavy hadron resonances and also that due to fragmentation of heavy quarks that are left in the system after coalescence. The pT dependence of the heavy baryon/meson ratios is found to be sensitive to the heavy quark mass. In particular we found that the Λc/D0 is much flatter than the one for light baryon/meson ratio like p/π and Λ/K.
ϕ meson production at forward rapidity in pp and Pb–Pb collisions with ALICE at the LHC
Authors: De Falco Alessandro
Published: February 2018

The ALICE Collaboration has measured ϕ meson production in the dimuon channel at the forward rapidity (2.5 < y < 4) in pp and Pb–Pb collisions at several center of mass energies. Results in pp collisions at center of mass energies √s = 5.02 and 8 TeV are reported. They complement the previously published results at √s = 2.76 and √s = 7 TeV, providing a solid baseline for Pb–Pb collisions. In Pb–Pb, the preliminary ϕ meson transverse momentum spectra for different centrality classes and the yields as a function of the collision centrality in the transverse momentum range 2 < pT < 7 GeV/c are presented.
Strangeness production in Pb-Pb collisions at LHC energies with ALICE
Authors: Šefčík Michal
Published: February 2018

The results on the production of strange and multi-strange hadrons (K0S, Λ, Ξ and Ω) measured with ALICE in Pb-Pb collisions at the top LHC energy of [see formula in PDF] = 5.02 TeV are reported. Thanks to its excellent tracking and particle identification capabilities, ALICE is able to measure weakly decaying particles through the topological reconstruction of the identified hadronic decay products. Results are presented as a function of centrality and include transverse momentum spectra measured at central rapidity, pT-dependent Λ/K0S ratios and integrated yields. A systematic study of strangeness production is of fundamental importance for determining the thermal properties of the system created in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions. In order to study strangeness enhancement, the yields of studied particles are normalised to the corresponding measurement of pion production in the various centrality classes. The results are compared to measurements performed at lower energies, as well as to different systems and to predictions from statistical hadronization models.
Role of repulsive interactions in the interplay with missing strange resonances
Authors: Alba Paolo
Published: February 2018

The standard implementation of the HRG model has been shown to be unable to describe all the available data on QCD matter. Here we show the balance of repulsive and attractive hadronic interactions on QCD thermodynamics through observables both calculated by lattice simulations and measured in experiment. Attractive interactions are mediated by resonance formation, which are here implemented through extra states predicted by the Quark Model, while repulsive interactions are modelled by means of Excluded Volume (EV) effects. Informations on flavour dependent effective sizes are extracted. It is found that EV effects are present in lattice QCD thermodynamics, and are essential for a comprehensive description of higher order fluctuations of conserved charges.
Mass hierarchy and energy scaling of the Tsallis – Pareto parameters in hadron productions at RHIC and LHC energies
Authors: Bíró Gábor , Barnaföldi Gergely Gábor , Biró Tamás Sándor , Shen Keming
Published: February 2018

The latest, high-accuracy identified hadron spectra measurements in highenergy nuclear collisions led us to the investigation of the strongly interacting particles and collective effects in small systems. Since microscopical processes result in a statistical Tsallis – Pareto distribution, the fit parameters q and T are well suited for identifying system size scalings and initial conditions. Moreover, parameter values provide information on the deviation from the extensive, Boltzmann – Gibbs statistics in finite-volumes. We apply here the fit procedure developed in our earlier study for proton-proton collisions [1, 2]. The observed mass and center-of-mass energy trends in the hadron production are compared to RHIC dAu and LHC pPb data in different centrality/multiplicity classes. Here we present new results on mass hierarchy in pp and pA from light to heavy hadrons.
Estimation of the isothermal compressibility from event-by-event multiplicity fluctuation studies
Authors: Mukherjee Maitreyee , Basu Sumit , Thakur Sanchari , Adhya Souvik P. , Chatterjee Arghya , Chatterjee Sandeep , Nayak Tapan K.
Published: February 2018

The first estimation of the isothermal compressibility (kT) of matter is presented for a wide range of collision energies from √sNN = 7.7 GeV to 2.76 TeV. kT is estimated with the help of event-byevent charged particle multiplicity fluctuations from experiment. Dynamical fluctuations are extracted by removing the statistical fluctuations obtained from the participant model. kT is also estimated from event generators AMPT, UrQMD, EPOS and a hadron resonance gas model. The values of isothermal compressibility are estimated for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies with the help of the event generators.
Probing the hadronic phase with resonances of different lifetimes in Pb-Pb collisions with ALICE
Authors: Agrawal Neelima
Published: February 2018

The ALICE experiment has measured the production of a rich set of hadronic resonances, such as ρ(770)0, K*(892)0, ϕ(1020), ∑±(1385), Λ(1520) and Ξ*0 in pp, p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions at various energies at the LHC. A comprehensive overview and the latest results are presented in this paper. Special focus is given to the role of hadronic resonances for the study of final-state effects in high-energy collisions. In particular, the measurement of resonance production in heavy-ion collisions has the capability to provide insight into the existence of a prolonged hadronic phase after hadronisation. The observation of the suppression of the production of Λ(1520) resonance in central Pb-Pb collisions at [see formula in PDF] =2.76 TeV adds further support to the existence of such a dense hadronic phase, as already evidenced by the ratios K*(892)0/K and ρ(770)0/π.
Resonances in a sudden chemical freeze-out model
Authors: Begun Viktor
Published: February 2018

The prediction for pT spectra of various resonances produced in Pb+Pb collisions at 2.76 TeV at the LHC in equilibrium and non-equilibrium models is made. It includes the η, ρ(770), Σ(1385), Λ(1520), and Ξ(1530). The apparent differences may allow to distinguish between the models.
Kaon femtoscopy in Au+Au collisions at √SNN = 200 GeV at the STAR experiment
Authors: Lidrych Jindřich
Published: February 2018

In this proceedings, the STAR preliminary results on femtoscopic correlations of identical kaons from Au+Au collisions at [see formula in PDF] =200 GeV are presented. The measured kaon source radii are studied as a function of collision energy as well as centrality and transverse pair mass mT. In addition, extracted kaon blast-wave freeze-out parameters are presented.
Heavy flavour energy loss from AdS/CFT: A novel diffusion coefficient
Authors: Hambrock R. , Horowitz W. A.
Published: February 2018

Two AdS/CFT based energy loss models are used to compute the suppression and azimuthal correlations of heavy quarks in heavy ion collisions. The model with a velocity independent diffusion coefficient is in good agreement with B and D meson data up to high pT. The partonic azimuthal correlations we calculate exhibit an order of magnitude difference in low momentum correlations to pQCD calculations [1]. We thus propose heavy flavour momentum correlations as a distinguishing observable of weaklyand strongly-coupled energy loss mechanisms.
Centrality and transverse momentum dependence of J/ψ production in Pb-Pb collisions at √SNN = 5.02 TeV at mid-rapidity with ALICE
Authors: Weiser Dennis
Published: February 2018

We present new results for the nuclear modification factor RAA of J/ψ mesons as a function of centrality and transverse momentum at mid-rapidity. The measurement is carried out with the ALICE central barrel detectors in the acceptance range |y| < 0.9 and pT > 0 in the dielectron decay channel.
Energy and multiplicity dependence of strange and non-strange particle production in proton-proton collisions at the LHC with ALICE
Authors: Celeste Fionda Fiorella Maria
Published: February 2018

The study of energy and multiplicity dependence of hadron production in proton-proton collisions provides a powerful tool to understand similarities and differences between small and large colliding systems. In this work we present mid-rapidity measurements of the pT spectra and yields of identified hadrons, namely pions, kaons, protons, K0S, Ξ, Ω and in pp collisions at √s = 7 and 13 TeV. The comparison of results at √s = 13 TeV to earlier results at 7 TeV provides insights about the energy dependence of the strangeness enhancement. Comparisons between data and expectations from commonly-used Monte Carlo event generators will be presented.
Muon bundles from the Universe
Authors: Kankiewicz P. , Rybczyński M. , Włodarczyk Z. , Wilk G.
Published: February 2018

Recently the CERN ALICE experiment, in its dedicated cosmic ray run, observed muon bundles of very high multiplicities, thereby confirming similar findings from the LEP era at CERN (in the CosmoLEP project). Significant evidence for anisotropy of arrival directions of the observed high multiplicity muonic bundles is found. Estimated directionality suggests their possible extragalactic provenance. We argue that muonic bundles of highest multiplicity are produced by strangelets, hypothetical stable lumps of strange quark matter infiltrating our Universe.
A Study on the Node Centrality Based Multisocial Attributes Weighted in Mobile Social Networks
Authors: Meng Yanhong , Liu Xianxian , Zhao Peirong , Yi Yunhui
Published: February 2018

Mobile social networks (MSNs) exploit human mobility and consequent device-to-device contact to opportunistically realize data communication. Thus links in MSNs is dynamic changing over time and strongly influenced by people activities, mining influential nodes is one of the important questions for effective information transmission in MSNs. While traditional centrality definitions are based on the static binary network model and not suitable for time-varying topology structure in mobile social network. Furthermore previous centrality metrics often referred to social attributes about neighbor nodes and contact times, and did not take the contact duration time into consideration. Therefore, this paper proposes a centrality measurement method based on multi-social attributes weighted. We first use the temporal evolution graph model which more accurately depicts the dynamic nature of topology in MSNs. Quantifying human social relations and mobility model as weights for the links, and then we redefine degree of centrality and the measurement of shortest path. Finally, the superiority of the concepts we posed are evaluated in the real data set.
Joint Digital Self-interference Cancellation in Full-duplex Radios under IQ Imbalance and Transmitter Non-linearity
Authors: Zhou Meijing , Chen Nan , Zhu Changhua , Yi Yunhui
Published: February 2018

RF imperfections can significantly degrade the performance of full-duplex wireless communication system by introducing non-idealities and random effects, which make it difficult to cancel the self-interference completely. In this paper, we first address the adverse benefits of both the transmitter non-linearity and the IQ imbalance. Then on the basis of these, a joint digital self-interference cancellation scheme is proposed, in which not only the effect of IQ imbalance and power amplifier non-linearity individually, but also the comprehensive function of them are taken into account. Furthermore, the simulation is implemented in the MATLAB platform using standard WiFi 802.11ac PHYs. The results show that the proposed canceller can eliminate more compared with other cancellation schemes, and the overall self-interference attenuation can attain 108dB, which makes the residual self-interference closer to the noise floor.
Band-modulation of MgZnO/ZnO Metal-semiconductor-metal Photodetectors
Authors: Hwang Jundar , Lin Junshou
Published: February 2018

Magnesium (Mg) diffusion behavior on the band modulation of MgxZn1-xO/ZnO metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors (MSM-PDs) was studied. As the annealing temperature increases, Mg atoms diffuse from MgxZn1-xO into the underlying ZnO layer, which modulates the detection band of the fabricated MSM-PDs from two distinct bands into one band. For the annealing temperature lower than 900 ºC, two detection bands were achieved located in the wavelength region of 280–320 nm and 360–400 nm, attributed to the absorption of the MgxZn1-xO and the ZnO layer, respectively. When the annealing temperature is raised to 900 ºC, the MgxZn1-xO/ZnO bi- layer becomes homogenized into a single MgxZn1-xO layer, leading to only one detection band with a wavelength region of 280–340 nm. In the photoluminescence measurement, the as-deposited MgxZn1-xO/ZnO bi-layer demonstrates two distinct emission peaks located at about 340 and 400 nm for the absorption of the MgxZn1-xO and ZnO layers, whereas only one emission peak of 355 nm was observed in the 900 ºC-annealed MgxZn1-xO/ZnO bi-layer.
Vehicle velocity estimation based on uncertainty theory for vehicle impact accidents
Authors: Dong Haocun , Yuan Jiaqi , Nie Zhongguo
Published: February 2018

Based on the uncertainty theory, a corresponding uncertainty analysis method for speed calculation model for the road traffic accidents of vehicle impact is set up.
Work orders management based on XML file in printing
Authors: Ran Peipei , Yang Wenjie , Da Zhongyue , Huo Yuke
Published: February 2018

The Extensible Markup Language (XML) technology is increasingly used in various field, if it’s used to express the information of work orders will improve efficiency for management and production. According to the features, we introduce the technology of management for work orders and get a XML file through the Document Object Model (DOM) technology in the paper. When we need the information to conduct production, parsing the XML file and save the information in database, this is beneficial to the preserve and modify for information.