bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OPTIMALISASI PERAN DAN KOMPETENSI GURU TAMAN PENDIDIKAN AL-QURAN DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Aliza Novia Fetri
Published: October 2022

Masyarakat Indonesia diharuskan melakukan penyesuaian diri hampir di seluruh aspek kehidupan karena efek pandemi covid-19, mulai dari penyesuaian gaya hidup, perekonomian, pendidikan dan sosial masyarakat. Kebiasaan masyarakat yang mayoritas Muslim ini juga mengalami perubahan, terutama dalam proses internalisasi  nilai-nilai Islam kepada anak-anak. Biasanya anak-anak diajarkan mengenal, membaca serta memahami Al Qur'an di TPA (Taman Pendidikan Al Qur'an) namun sejak adanya pandemi covid-19 ini TPA kerap kali libur dari aktivitasnya karena mencegah terjadinya perluasan penularan virus. TPA Syifaulqlbi juga mengalami kesulitan dalam mempertahankan aktivitas mengajarkan Alquran kepada santri, sehingga sudah memasuki tahun ke dua santri tidak lagi belajar Alqur’an. selain permasalahan pandemi yang menjadi penghambat proses mengajarkan qur’an, faktor kdua adalah  bersumber dari guru, yaitu kurangnya kompetensi guru dalam mengemas aktivitas belajar mengajar yang menarik minat santri. Pendampingan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi guru dalam mengajar santri TPA di masa Pandemi. Metode pendampingan yang dilakukan adalah memberikan pelatihan terkait teknik mengajar qur’an untuk anak usia 2-15 tahun, kompetensi yang harus dimiliki guru, dan langkah-langkah mengajar di masa pandemi termasuk bimbingan teknis menggunakan sarana virtual meeting. Hasil yang diperoleh dari pendampingan ini adalah memunculkan insight baru semua guru bahwa mengajarkan qur’an kepada santri tidak boleh berhenti meskipun pada masa pandemi, lebih dari 75% guru yang hadir menemukan metode mengajar yang sesuai untuk santrinya yaitu metode drive thru dan pembuatan video pendek sebagai sarana santri belajar di rumah. Meskipun metode drive thru ini belum diujicobakan di TPA syifaulqalbi, tetapi pengurus dan guru optimis bisa menerapkannya dengan optimal. Guru juga menyampaikan melalui pendampingan ini telah mendapatkan pengetahuan baru terkait metode mengajar yang menarik untuk santri yang berusia 2-15 tahun yang sebelumnya tidak mereka ketahui.
PENGEMBANGAN SOUND SYSTEM DAN BACKUP CATU DAYA LISTRIK DI MUSALA
Authors: Ardiyanto Yudhi , Nurnisya Frizki Yulianti , Pratama Meidana Wahyu
Published: October 2022

Musala Al Mukmin Desa Poncosari selesai dibangun pada bulan Mei 2020. Sejak itu pula penggunaan dan pengelolaannya diserahkan sepenuhnya kepada warga masyarakat sekitar. Masyarakat secara swadaya mulai melengkapi beberapa fasilitas pendukung yang dianggap cukup penting, yaitu perlengkapan sound system dengan speaker outdoor. Perlengkapan tersebut dianggap sangat penting, karena berfungsi untuk mengumandangkan azan dan menyampaikan pengumuman penting bagi warga sekitar. Program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bantuan pengembangan fasilitas pendukung tempat ibadah berupa sound system indoor dan backup catu daya listrik, dilengkapai dengan pelatihan sederhana terkait penggunaan dan perawatannya. Mitra pengabdian kegiatan ini adalah pengelola dan warga sekitar musala Al Mukmin Desa Poncosari. Permasalahan pertama yang dihadapi oleh mitra yaitu, suara Khotib sewaktu khutbah Jumat dan Imam ketika memimpin salat jamaah jahriyah tidak begitu jelas terdengar dari serambi musala, faktor penerapan protokol jaga jarak selama pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan tempat salat yang berada di dalam musala tidak lagi dapat menampung jamaah, sehingga sebagian jamaah berada di serambi musala. Permasalahan berikutnya terkait dengan pemadaman listrik yang relatif sering terjadi, hal ini dikarenakan musala Al Mukmin terletak di daerah pedesaan. Program pengabdian ini dilaksanakan menggunakan tahapan berupa analisa situasi mitra, tahap perencanaan
PENERANGAN JALAN SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN KESELAMATAN PENGGUNA JALAN
Authors: Ikhsan Jazaul , Sriyadi Sriyadi , Cahyo Hendy Dwi
Published: October 2022

Warga Dusun Kanggotan membuat jalan di sepanjang pinggiran Sungai Gadjah Wong, yang menghubungkan jalan protokol yang sudah ada dengan tempat wisata “Banyu Kencono”. Letak jalan berada 0,5 m dari pinggir tanggul sungai dengan kedalaman tebing sungai bervariasi antara 3-4 m. Kondisi jalan ini akan membahayakan pengguna yang tidak hati-hati dan belum paham medan. Belum adanya penerangan jalan yang memadai juga meningkatkan resiko bahaya pada malam hari. PKM ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keselamatan pengguna jalan di jalan baru Dusun Kanggotan. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan peningkatan penerangan di sepanjang jalan baru ini. Dari program ini, lampu penerangan jalan sejumlah 20 titik berhasil dipasang sepanjang 300 m berhasil dipasang. Untuk mengefisienkan penggunaan listrik, maka saklar lampu penerangan jalan dilakukan terpusat dan dengan menggunakan saklar otomatis. Saklar ini bekerja dengan berdasarkan set waktu, dari jam 17.30 sore sampai 05.30 pagi. Dengan adanya fasilitas ini, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kenyamanan dan keselamatan pengguna jalan tersebut, mengurangi terjadinya kecelakaan, serta meningkatkan daya tarik wisata di Dusun Kanggotan dan sekitarnya. Berdasarkan pengamatan secara visual, sejak adanya penerangan jalan ini, maka intensitas pengguna jalan mengalami peningkatan terutama di malam hari dan keselamatan pengguna jalan terjaga. Dengan adanya lampu penerangan jalan ini, disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan jalan dan keamanan pengguna jalan dapat dotingkatkan, terutama pada waktu malam hari.
PENYESUAIAN TATA Ruang Pawastren dan Serambi Masjid BERDASAR Protokoler Kesehatan Covid 19
Authors: Nugroho Guntur , Yadi Seplika , Hidayah Arini
Published: October 2022

Bangunan Masjid di Indonesia biasnya terdiri dari ruang utama, pawastren dan serambi masjid. Masjid Al Anwar mempunyai tata ruang yang terdiri dari ketiga ruang tersebut. Ruang utama masjid digunakan untuk melaksanakan kegiatan sholat 5 waktu, sedangkan ruang pawastren dan serambi masjid hanya digunakan sebagai ruang tambahan ketika mendirikan sholat jumat. Untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan serta estetika masjid, pemasangan plafon pada ruangan pawastren dan serambi masjid telah dilaksanakan. Penerapan protokoler kesehatan di era pandemi Covid19 pada setiap kegiatan perlu dilaksanakan. Upaya pencegahan penularan virus covid19 di lingkungan masjid Al Anwar telah dilaksanakan dengan penerapan protokol kesehatan pada setiap kegiatan.
PENGEMBANGAN INFRASTRUKTUR TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DUSUN RAMAH INTERNET UNTUK MENDUKUNG PEMBELAJARAN MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Riyadi Slamet , Sudiwijaya Erwan , Santoso Tossy
Published: October 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 yang tak kunjung reda memaksa pembelajaran di semua jenjang pendidikan dilaksanakan secara daring. Pemerintah telah memberikan bantuan kuota internet kepada guru, dosen, siswa, dan mahasiswa sebesar 7-15 GB per bulan sesuai dengan kategori masing-masing. Bantuan kuota internet ini secara umum sangat membantu pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Akan tetapi, sebagian anggota masyarakat masih mengalami kesulitan akses internet dikarenakan lemahnya sinyal internet di lokasi tempat tinggal. Permasalahan ini dialami oleh para pemuda dan remaja, khususnya para siswa sekolah, yang tergabung dalam Forum Remaja Masjid Al Hidayah (FORMADA) di Dusun Sorolaten, Sidokarto, Godean, Sleman. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini bertujuan untuk membangun insfrastruktur teknologi informasi untuk mendukung pembelajaran di rumah. Selain itu, program juga memberikan edukasi dusun ramah internet agar para siswa dapat menggunakan internet secara cerdas dan bertanggung jawab. Program ini dilaksanakan melalui lima tahapan, yaitu observasi dan perencanaan, pembangunan infrastruktur, edukasi masyarakat, evaluasi dan keberlanjutan, serta penyusunan luaran dan laporan. Teknologi yang diterapkan dalam program ini adalah infrastruktur jaringan area luas yang terhubung dengan jaringan fiber optik Indihome dan literasi keluarga ramah internet. Pembangunan insfrastruktur jaringan dan koneksi internet telah diselesaikan di lima rumah siswa sehingga mereka dapat mengakses internet untuk pembelajaran dari rumah masing-masing dengan mudah. Edukasi internet sehat juga telah berhasil meningkatkan literasi mereka akan penggunaan internet sehat. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil adalah pembangunan insfrastruktur internet dan edukasi internet sehat telah berhasil membantu siswa dalam akses internet untuk pembelajaran masa pandemi dan meningkatkan literasi internet sehat.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT PEDULI BENCANA UMMC DESA UMBUL HARJO SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Nurjanah Adhianty , Iswanto Iswanto
Published: October 2022

Indonesia terletak di wilayah rawan bencana dengan berbagai jenis bencana alam dalam skala ringan dan menengah yang memberikan dampak negatif bagi kehidupan sosial, ekonomi dan lingkungan masyarakatnya. Pada saat bencana erupsi Merapi terjadi tahun 2010 masyarakat Umbulharjo yang tergabung dalam komunitas peduli bencana Merapi yaitu Umbulharjo Monitoring Merapi Community (UMMC) dengan sigap berada di garda depan. Sebagai komunitas peduli bencana Merapi, UMMC berfungsi sebagai pemberi informasi, memonitor langsung kondisi terkini Gunung Merapi dan membantu melakukan evakuasi bersama Tim Sar hingga penyaluran bantuan bencana kepada para pengungsi. Sebagai komunitas peduli bencana Merapi, UMMC memiliki peran vital dalam komunikasi bencana. Akan tetapi berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa UMMC sebagai komunikator bencana masih memiliki keterbatasan pada saat menjalankan fungsi komunikator bencana terutama dalam hal pemanfaatan teknologi komunikasi dan informasi dan masih perlu ditingkatkan kemampuan mitigasi bencana (Nurjanah, 2019). Selama ini UMMC hanya menggunakan Handy Talky (HT) sebagai media komunikasi dan informasi kepada masyarakat Desa Umbulharjo Sleman Yogyakarta. Permasalahan prioritas UMMC adalah 1.Keterbatasan teknologi komunikasi bencana, 2. Masih minimnya kemampuan mitigasi bencana. Metode pemberdayaan masyarakat yang dilakukan yakni melalui tahap persiapan diantaranya dilakukan observasi, wawancara, dan FGD untuk mendapatkan initial assessment pelaksanaan program, kemudian tahap pelaksanaan program, tahap monitoring dan feedback, dan rencana tindak lanjut program kemitraan masyarakat. Hasil dari perancangan program pengabdian dan solusi dari permasalahan yang diusulkan diantaranya (1) Pembuatan aplikasi monitoring warning system berbais IOT yang dapat membantu UMMC dalam komunikasi bencana,  (2) Pelatihan mitigasi bencana berbasis komunitas dan (3) Hibah barang berupa APD dan rancangan aplikasi warning system. Pengabdian ini berkontribusi dalam peningkatan pemahaman mitra pengabdian sebesar 80% atas pemahaman dari pelatihan mitigasi bencana dalam menjalankan tugas vitalnya sebagai komunikator bencana bagi masyarakat Desa Umbulharjo serta penggunaan aplikasi monitoring warning system berbais IoT.
PENGUATAN KELEMBAGAAN PENGELOLA SAMPAH MANDIRI
Authors: Widodo Aris Slamet , Nugroho Bambang Wahyu
Published: October 2022

Dusun Brajan merupakan salah satu dusun yang berada di Desa Tamantirto, Kasihan, Bantul. Terletak di sebelah timur Kampus Terpadu Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta (UMY) dengan jarak sekitar 1 km. Wilayah Dusun Brajan merupakan daerah urban karena banyak kos kosan dan pendatang dari berbagai daerah untuk belajar atau berusaha/ dagang. Peningkatan penduduk berdampak pada peningkatan sampah rumah tangga dan kondisi tersebut menjadi permasalahan lingkungan yang serius. Pengelolaan sampah mandiri oleh masyarakat dengan konsep shodaqoh sampah menjadi alternative solusi permasalahan peningkatan sampah rumah tangga. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah: (1) Meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat terhadap dampak lingkungan dari peningkatan sampah; (2) Meningkatkan pengelolaan sampah mandiri keluarga dengan konsep sampah pilah dengan sistem 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle); (3) Meningkatkan kemampuan masyarakat didalam pemanfaatan sampah organic untuk pertanian kota; dan (4) Membentuk pengelola shodaqoh sampah di Dusun Brajan. Luaran pengabdian adalah (1) Publikasi media massa; (2) Publikasi ilmiah prosiding isbn dan (3) Hak cipta “ video pemberdayaan”. Metode pendekatan adalah Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA). Hasil pengabdian adalah terbentuknya kelompok pengelola shodaqoh sampah oleh Tunas Muda Brajan, Adanya pencatatan dalam proses shodaqoh sampah, meningkatnya pengetahuan warga tentang pentingnya kesehatan lingkungan, adanya hibah rumah pilah sampah beserta dengan peralatan kebersihan. Partisipasi mitra sangat tinggi dalam bentuk penyertaan tenaga dalam proses pembuatan rumah pilah sampah dan penyediaan makanan dan minuman selama proses kegiatan pengabdian.
Investigation on the effectiveness of mouth-washing using laban leaves (Vitex pinnata) steeping water in reducing plaque accumulation: a study in state elementary school 1 Pagar Air, Aceh Besar
Authors: Nuraskin Cut Aja , Faisal T. Iskandar , . Reca , Salfiyadi Teuku , Mardiah Ainun
Published: October 2022

Background: Dental and oral diseases that are commonly suffered by Indonesian people, are dental caries and periodontal disease. Dental plaque is the primary cause of the periodontal disease and dental caries. The diseases can be prevented by inhibiting the formation of dental plaque using a mouthwash. One of the ways in removing dental plaque is by mouth washing using laban leaves (Vitex pinnata Linn) steeping water. Laban leaves contain alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins which can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans so that it capable of removing dental plaque naturally. Bio-ingredients have been long used in health sector for preventive, curative, and rehabilitative treatments.Methods: Experimental research with pre- and post-tests design using proposing sampling technique, where 56 people were taken as samples. The samples were divided into 2 groups which receiving different treatments. Group 1 was instructed to do mouth washing with laban leaves steeping water, while Group 2 was with water. Each of students did the mouth washing for 30 s (20 ml).Results: based on the comparison of the dental plaque index (before and after the mouth washing using laban leaves steeping water) it is revealed that the steeping water of laban leaves was effective in reducing the plaque index with p value of 0.000 (<α=0.05).Conclusions: mouth washing using the laban leaves steeping water was effective in reducing the plaque accumulation. We then recommend a further study to investigate the potential of laban leave to be used in a mouthwash.
Effect of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor in patients of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction with reduced ejection fraction with cardiorenal syndrome type-1
Authors: Molla M. A. , Kumar Ashutosh , Goru Bhawani , Isharat Sumaiya
Published: October 2022

Background: Heart failure is recognized as one of the most common indications for hospitalization. The dysfunction of either the heart or the kidneys affect the functioning of each other and thus play an important role in the quality of life.Methods: This study is a Prospective interventional Cohort study over a period of 18 months in 125 patients. The patients were divided into two broad treatment groups. The primary end point of the study was to quantify the response of ARNI for renal recovery in patients of cardio-renal syndrome and improvement in cardiovascular parameters by measuring the change in urine output, estimated glomerular filtration rate, serum creatinine, change in weight of the patients, control of blood pressure and change in left ventricular ejection fraction. The secondary end-points were evaluated during the 60 days follow up period post admissions.Results: Cardio-renal syndrome was seen in 39% of the patients. On screening e-GFR was 91±14 and 49±8 for group 1and 2 respectively, the median age, UACR was 59 years ,1.0 mg/mmol respectively for both the groups and 19% had micro albuminuria. ACEIs had more reports of hyperkalemia (8/32, 25%), and greater deterioration of renal parameters (10/32, 34%) needing discontinuation of the drug in some patients. Patients also developed cough (6/32, 20%) needing replacement with ARBs. ARNI group developed more hypotension (6/31, 20%). In all cardiovascular and renal end points except UACR, ARNI showed better recovery profile in CRS-1patients including diabetics.Conclusions: This study showed beneficial effects of ARNI in heart failure patients with cardio-renal syndrome.
Life threatening acute kidney injury in a patient of rheumatoid arthritis, is it drug or disease related?
Authors: Kanani Parth , Gupta Sapna D. , Malhotra Supriya
Published: October 2022

Even low-dose MTX therapy for treatment of rheumatic diseases is claimed to cause impairment in renal function. We report an insidious and progressive deterioration of renal function of patient with RA on low-dose MTX in a 41-year-old woman. We suggest that patients on low-dose MTX therapy should be periodically monitored for creatinine levels.
Efficacy of autologous platelet rich plasma for ovarian rejuvenation in infertile women having poor ovarian reserve
Authors: Banu Jesmine , M. Mostafa , Jahan Nishat , Lasker Nastaran , Sultana Nighat , Alamgir Chowdhury Faisal , Darmoni Maliha , Munira Sirajum
Published: October 2022

Background: Poor ovarian reserve (POR) is a condition in which the ovary loses its normal reproductive potential and compromising fertility. Normal function of the ovaries and adequate good quality follicles are responsible for the reproductive process of a woman. Various treatment methods exist for POR, but the present study was conducted to observe the effectiveness of platelet rich plasma infusion through measurement of AMH and AFC values and pregnancy outcomes.Methods: This prospective observational study was done in the department of reproductive endocrinology and infertility from July 2019 to June 2022. A total of 60 patients with poor ovarian reserve were recruited maintaining inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: Mean age of the participants was 36.4 years, with 78.32% of the participants being housewives and 21.68% being service workers. 65.38% had education below SSC levels. 72.46% had primary infertility while 27.54% had secondary infertility. At first cycle, compared to baseline counts, mean±SD AMH had increased by 0.04±0.15 ng/dl, and mean±SD AFC had increased by 1.34±1.89 in number. During second cycle post-PRP, the mean difference of AMH and AFC was 0.18±0.21 ng/dl and 2.17±1.71 in a positive manner. By final follow-up, pregnancy rate was 20% among patients.Conclusions: The study observed significant improvement in AMH and AFC values following PRP infusion. The improvement of both values was gradual, and increase of AMH values were observed up to second post-PRP menstrual cycle, while AFC increased till third cycle post-PRP. Among 60 patient twelve (12) had pregnancy (20%).
Comparison between static and dynamic cervical assessment in prediction of preterm birth
Authors: Habashy Ahmed E. , Tappozada Tarek , Sayed Samir M. E.
Published: October 2022

Background: Preterm labor represents one of the most likely causes for prenatal hospitalization. Previously, the accuracy of cervical length measurement in predicting preterm birth was thoroughly examined. The current study aimed to compare static and dynamic cervical assessment in prediction and management of preterm labor.Methods: The present study was prospective comparative study and conducted on (75) pregnant female patients recruited from the antenatal clinic of El-Shatby Maternity University hospital in the period from October 2021 till August 2022. The patients included in the study were divided into three groups; the first group included (25) patients and all were subjected to static cervical assessment, the second group included (25) patients and all were subjected to dynamic cervical assessment and the last group included (25) patients and all were subjected to interval dynamic cervical assessment. All groups are almost matched in their general characteristics. All groups received tocolysis in the form of nifedipine slow-release tablets 20 mg twice daily. Conventional static and dynamic transvaginal ultrasound assessment of cervical length (CL) was done.Results: There were inverse relationships between gestational age (GA), fundal level (FL) and mean gestational age (MGA) with the latency period but there was a direct relationship between the parity and the static cervical length in all the studied groups. There was a statistically significant difference between the studied groups regarding their means of latency period in those with static cervical length >1.5-2.5 cm (most of cases in all groups). Although there was statistically significant difference between group A, B and C as regard their means of static and dynamic cervical length.Conclusions: The longer the latency period, the lengthier the cervical length. The latency period had an inverse correlation with gestational age. There was also a direct relationship among parity and cervical length. The cervical estimation using the fundal pressure method, dynamic cervical length, is more enlightening than the interval approach.
A prospective study on abnormal uterine bleeding with sonological and histopathological correlation in women attending tertiary care hospital
Authors: Prabhudev Prema , I. S. Sapna , K. P. Achala
Published: October 2022

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common problem among women in the reproductive age group, with reported prevalence in India being 17.9%, AUB has a substantial effect on health-related quality of life and morbidity related if requiring surgeries. The objective of this study was to evaluate various histopathological features in endometrial curetting and co-relate them with transvaginal ultrasonographic findings.Methods: The study consisted of 500 cases who presented to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology with complaints of abnormal uterine bleeding. Relevant history was elicited from all cases and a clinical examination was done. All cases underwent endometrial biopsy followed by transvaginal ultrasonography before surgery and the results were compared with the histopathological study of the specimen.Results: 16.7% of patients diagnosed with AUB had severe anemia requiring transfusion of blood. 4.2% of subjects in the study were nulliparous. 59.7% of subjects had an endometrial thickness ranging from 10mm to 14.9 mm in the transvaginal ultrasonographic study. Endometrial carcinoma accounted for 1.4% of the study population. Normal USG findings were seen in 18.1% of patients.Conclusions: In conclusion, a significant association was found between ultrasound and histopathological findings.
Cord blood parameters and fetal outcome in neonates with fetal distress due to meconium staining liquor- an observational study
Authors: Aafreen Rubab , Dabral Anjali , Panwar Megha , Tripathi Anshul
Published: October 2022

Background: Meconium staining liquor (MSL) results from passage of meconium during labour and is used to diagnose fetal distress. Thick and granular meconium has been found to have a significant association with an abnormal cord pH and lactate and worst neonatal outcome. The aim of this study was to analyse and compare the mode of delivery, cord blood parameters and fetal outcomes in cases diagnosed with different degrees of meconium staining liquor.Methods: An observational study was carried out on 76 labouring patients presenting in the active stage of labour with term, singleton pregnancy with cephalic presentation diagnosed with either thin or thick MSL. The cases were followed up and compared in thin or thick MSL group for the mode of delivery (normal vaginal delivery, instrumental delivery or caesarean section), fetal cord blood parameter after birth (cord blood pH and lactate) and the neonatal outcome.Results: 39 cases were diagnosed with thin MSL. Of these, 74.4% delivered by a normal vaginal delivery. Maximum cases had normal cord blood parameters with a favourable neonatal outcome. 37 cases had thick MSL. Lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) rate was highest in this group (i.e. 48.6%). The neonatal outcomes were as follows- 24.3% had an APGAR score <7, 43.2% required assisted ventilation, 43.2% required NICU admission and 13.5% had an early neonatal death.Conclusions: Thin MSL should be closely monitored and can be followed up for normal vaginal delivery.
A prospective study on placental migration in mid trimester low lying placenta
Authors: Char Debasish , Biswas Sucheta , Das Swapan , Mandal Priyadarshi
Published: October 2022

Background: Objectives of the study were: to assess migration of low-lying placenta diagnosed by ultrasound around 20 weeks of gestation and to evaluate the factors influencing placental migration as well as to reduce feto-maternal morbidity and or mortality by excluding placenta previa and placenta accreta early.Methods: All antenatal mothers undergoing routine transabdominal congenital anomaly scan around 20 weeks of gestation were subjected to transvaginal ultrasonography to confirm low lying placenta. Every 4 weekly transvaginal ultrasonography was repeated until the lower edge of placenta migrated beyond 3 cm of internal cervical os or the patient had delivered, which one was earlier.Results: Out of total 686 cases, only 56 (8.16%) mothers had low-lying placenta in mid trimester. Follow up of these 56 cases showed that 33 (58.93%) cases placenta had migrated at term and 23 (3.35%) cases persist as placenta previa. The rate of migration of placenta was 80.76%, 39.13% and 42.86% in mothers following previous vaginal delivery, caesarean section or prior history of MTP/suction and evacuation. Placental migration was 80% and 47.39% where the distance between the internal cervical os and lower edge of placenta was between 2.1-3 cm and between 1.5-2 cm respectively. No placental migration was noted where the initial distance was less than 1.5 cm. Placental migration was more common in anteriorly situated placenta (65.85%) than the posterior one (40%).Conclusions: The rate of placental migration at term was 58.93%. However, factors like previous caesarean section, previous history of MTP or suction and evacuation, posteriorly situated placenta and placenta lying 1.5 cm from the internal cervical os may interfere with placental migration.
Role of CA 125 in predicting pathological response and recurrence in advanced stage non mucinous epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Ch Srivalli , V. P. Gangadharan , G. Anupama
Published: October 2022

Background: Ovarian cancer is the most common gynaecological malignancy. Neo adjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by interval cytoreduction is proven to be non-inferior to primary debulking surgery in advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC). The data about patterns of reduction of CA125, its cut off value to predict chemotherapy response and recurrence in patients who receive NAC is heterogeneous with varying cut offs. This study aims to evaluate the role of CA125 as a predictive marker of pathological response and recurrence in cases of advanced EOC and to determine cut off for the same.Methods: This is a prospective study conducted in department of medical oncology, from December 2019 to May 2021. Patients of advanced stage EOC who are on NAC with carboplatin and paclitaxel combination were included (n=33). CA125 values before treatment, after each cycle of chemotherapy, post-surgery, during the course of adjuvant chemotherapy and every 2 months post treatment were noted. As the patient undergoes interval cytoreduction, histopathology reports were followed for chemotherapy response score (CRS). Imaging was done to detect recurrence during follow up, if CA 125 value increases.Results: The level of CA125 after third cycle of NAC showed significant correlation with chemotherapy response score and DFS in all the patients who were operable at the end of NAC. Patients with normal CA125 value (i.e. <35 U/ml) post 3 cycles chemotherapy had increased chance of having CRS 3 and longer DFS in patients with high grade serous carcinoma. Decline in CA125 value to less than 10 IU/ml post interval cytoreduction also correlates with DFS.Conclusions: Our study shows that CA125 levels before cytoreductive surgery predicts CRS and DFS of women undergoing NAC for advanced stage EOC.
Acute presentation of undiagnosed vaginal leiomyoma in pregnancy
Authors: Mishra Vidhi
Published: October 2022

Vaginal leiomyomas are rare benign solid tumors of the vagina. There are approximately 300 case reports available in the literature and the para-urethral site is extremely uncommon. Here we report a case of 29 a year old primi-gravida who presented with complaints of sudden protrusion of mass arising from anterior vaginal wall at 16 weeks of pregnancy. On per-vaginum examination firm, mildly tender mass 6×4×5 cm was palpated arising from the lower one third of anterior vaginal wall and ending approximately 1 cm proximal to the external urethral meatus, occupying whole of the introitus and it was separate from the cervix. Trans-vaginal surgical enucleation of the vaginal leiomyoma was done. Post-operative histopathology confirmed as leiomyoma.
Successful management of ruptured ovarian ectopic pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Chandel Anu , Gupta Chanchal
Published: October 2022

Ovarian pregnancy is one of the rarest sites of non-tubal ectopic pregnancy. It has a prevalence of 0.5-3.5% in all ectopic pregnancies. It usually presents with rupture in the first trimester, a potential life-threatening condition. A preoperative diagnosis is difficult to make. Majority of the cases are diagnosed intraoperatively followed by confirmation on histopathology. We presented a case of 32-year-old woman with previous two normal deliveries at 7 weeks gestation who presented with abdominal pain and spotting. She was diagnosed with ruptured ovarian ectopic pregnancy on laparotomy and salpingo-oophorectomy was done. Later, ovarian pregnancy was confirmed on histopathology. The incidence of ovarian ectopic pregnancy is increasing and it should be considered as a differential diagnosis in women of childbearing age coming to emergency department with abdominal pain. It is important to keep a high index of suspicion for its diagnosis. High resolution transvaginal ultrasonography can help in earlier detection and preventing some of its complications like rupture, shock and maternal mortality.
Autopsy: a value to primordial and primary prevention for lung diseases
Authors: Rana Deepshikha , Kaushik Nidhi , Verma Renuka , Pawar Richa , Lamba Ekta , Sen Rajeev
Published: October 2022

Background: Lung disorders spectrums include congestion, oedema, various inflammatory lesions, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and neoplastic lesions. The clinical and radiological findings in respiratory diseases are nonspecific and therefore a histopathological study is essential. Autopsies are necessary to establish cause of death of the person with help of antemortem history and investigations to rule out lung lesions. Aims and objectives were to identify the histopathological spectrum of lung disease and frequency of various lung pathologies in respect to age and sex.Methods: The retrospective study of 285 lung autopsy specimens received were fixed and processed. Routine paraffin sectioning was done followed by hematoxylene and eosin (H and E) staining. Relevant clinical and postmortem findings, gross and microscopic examination findings were recorded.Results: Most common lung pathology found was Edema and congestion in 149 cases (52.2%), pneumonia in 87 cases (30.5%) followed by tuberculosis in 33 cases (11.5%). Out of total 285 cases, 222 (77.9%) were males and 63 cases (22.2%) were females. The male to female ratio was 3.5:1. Maximum numbers of cases, in age group of 31-45 years were 108 cases (37.89%) followed by in age group 46-60 years were 90 cases (31.57%) followed by age group of 16-30 years 15.8%.Conclusions: Advances in diagnostic technology have not reduced the value of autopsy for the study and evaluation of the disease process. It has become crucial for adopting correct prophylactic actions for primordial and primary prevention of pulmonary dysfunctions.
Admission Pattern of Newborns admitted in special newborn care unit: an observational from North West of India
Authors: Kumar Girish , Sood Abhilash , Sharma Nivedita , Sharma Vandana , Kumar Amit
Published: October 2022

Background: Globally, neonatal deaths constitute 44% of all deaths in less than 5 years age group .The concept of SNCU is based on the learning from the “Purulia model”. This research study was undertaken, to assess the profile of sick newborns admitted in the SNCU.Methods The investigators analyzed this data and establish the morbidity profile of newborns admitted in SNCU Hamirpur in 2019.Results: Total of 422 newborns were admitted 197 (46.7%) were females and 225 (53.3%) were males. Out of these 381 (90.3%) were inborn and 41(9.7%) were out born. In inborn 293 (76.9%) weighed more than 2.5 kg, 83 (21.8%) were low birth weight <2.5 kg to 1.5 kg and 2 (0.52%) were very low birth weight i.e < 1.5 kg to 1 kg and one newborn was extreme low birth weight i.e <1 kg. In the out born group, 23 (56.1%) weighed more than 2.5 kg and 13 (31.8%) were low birth weight <2.5 kg to 1.5 kg, 4 (9.8%) were very low birth weight < 1.5 kg to 1 kg. Jaundice was the most common neonatal condition 63%, infection 9.5%, respiratory diseases 9% and birth asphyxia 7.8%.Conclusions: The most sensitive time for morbidity and mortality development is during the newborn period. The main reasons for SNCU hospitalisation include neonatal jaundice, preterm, low birth weight, perinatal asphyxia, and infection. Neonatal Jaundice continues to be the primary reason for both inborn and outborn newborns admission to SNCU, and inborn babies make up the majority of this group.
A retrospective study of 50 cases of lower limb soft tissue infection and its different modalities of presentation and its management
Authors: Sarvaiya Sagar B. , Patel Deval M.
Published: October 2022

Background: Soft tissue infections are common in everyday practice. They show great variations in their severity. Skin and soft tissue infections are usually preceded by minor traumatic events. Among them soft tissue bacterial infections of lower limbs are more common. Patients having diabetes makes the scenario even worst. Diagnosis, intervention and treatment of these infections are very important. This study aims at understanding the pathology involved for lower limb soft tissue infections, spectrum of organisms and different treatment modalities in various age group and gender.Methods: 50 cases of lower limb soft tissue infections were included in this study. Detailed history, clinical examination, investigations, pre-operative preparation, intraoperative details and post-operative management were included.Results: 94% patients were having history of trauma.88% patients were having history of diabetes. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common (43%) organism cultured from swabs followed by pseudomonas (36%) out of total cases. Minimum stay in hospital was of 4 days to a maximum of 34 days. Most of the patients were managed with regular dressing and debridement.Conclusions: The patients sought treatment only when they had extensive lesions which affect their daily living. Health education regarding foot care forms an integral part of surgical management of lower limb soft tissue infections. Readmissions are mainly due to inadequate local control or fluctuating blood sugar levels and improper foot care due to illiteracy, poverty, ignorance and lack of adequate primary care facilities.
Evaluation of concentrated growth factor as an adjuvant on crestal bone levels around dental implants
Authors: Sitamahlakshmi K. , Jampani Narendra Dev , Songa Vajra Madhuri , Lahari Buggapati , Kumar Govardhani Krishna
Published: October 2022

Background: Dental implants have a long-term success rate when the osteointegration is maintained with minimal crestal bone loss yearly. The present study evaluates the crestal bone loss around Osseointegrated implants using a concentrated growth factor as an added factor to preserve the crestal bone levels.Methods: Total of 20 patients with a single edentulous site were included in the study and divided into test and control groups. Test group concentrated growth factor is placed along with implant, and the control group implant placed without concentrated growth factor. Soft tissue parameters like modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI) and modified plaque index (mPI) were done three and nine-month after implant placement. Hard tissue parameters like crestal bone levels (CBL), bone density, and volume were done immediately after implant placement and nine-month of implant placement using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).Results: Intragroup comparison from baseline to nine-month in the test group showed a significant difference at nine months at different points compared to the control group in hard and soft tissue parameters. On intergroup comparison was statically insignificant.Conclusions: Concentrated growth factor aids in enhancing bone density and faster healing around dental implants, so it can be used as an advancement in personalized medicine and promoting osseous regeneration by increasing the density and volume of bone around the dental implants.
Knowledge, practices and precaution regarding COVID-19 among the residents of Kolkata city, West Bengal, India
Authors: Mukherjee Nirmalya , Mahapatra Biswajit , Chowdhury Srijita , Bhattacharya Paramita , Khatoon Sajda
Published: October 2022

Background: Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared a global public health emergency affecting thousands of people across the world. The knowledge, attitude and practice related to the transmission and prevention of COVID-19 are regarded as the most critical and effective control measures. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge of, attitude to along with precautionary practices related to COVID-19 adopted by the people of the city of Kolkata, the capital of West Bengal.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted by the interview method through a telephone conversation-based study from July to October 2020. The responses (n=321) were collected using a non-random convenience sampling method. All data were analysed through SPSS software (Ver. 27).Results: A total of 321 participants were included in the present study. Gender, education, and occupation-wise, statistically significant mean knowledge, practices, and overall score differences were found (p<0.001 and <0.05). People without literacy were found to had lesser knowledge (35.1%) and adopted fewer preventive practices and precautionary measures (32.4%). This section also scored lower in overall scores (48.6%) than others. Males scored better in terms of knowledge and practices compared to females; statistically, the gender-wise association was found to be significant (p<0.001 and<0.05).Conclusions: The present study demonstrates a moderate level of knowledge and a significantly high practice (41.4% and 60.7%) about COVID-19 among the study participants. Males have higher knowledge and adopted more preventive practices and precautions than females, and the overall score is high in respect of males as compared to females.
Impact of premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder on adolescent and young women’s quality of life in northern India
Authors: Vishwakarma Swati , Deo Sujata , Mahour Pooja , Jaiswar S. P. , Agrawal Monica
Published: October 2022

Background: Our aim was to study the effect of PMS and PMDD on quality of life in adolescent and young women.Methods: This was a cross-sectional questionnaire based study was conducted from 2019 to 2020 in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Georges Medical University, Lucknow. After getting informed consent 358 female participant was enrolment. All participants were screened first according to PMS ACOG guideline then further DSM IV based premenstrual symptom screening tool (PSST) was applied by enquiring detail about last 3 menstrual cycles. The subjects which are diagnosed were given WHO-QOL-BREF scale.Results: The work efficiency or productivity, relationship with co-workers, relationship with your family, social life activities and home responsibilities were 27.63%, 26.31%, 22.36%, 15.78% and 15.13% in no/mild PMS, 94.73%, 86.84%, 73.68%, 60.52% and 42.10% in moderate to severe PMS and 100.00%, 85.71%, 57.14%, 42.85%, and 2.85% PMDD. The mean percentages of physical health domain were 64.43±8.29, 58.47±6.91, and 52.86±6.20; psychological health domain was 66.39±9.39, 62.47±7.73 and 56.29±4.64; social relationship domain was 62.29±12.45, 60.61±11.67 and 56.00±5.32 and environmental health domain was 64.52±9.64, 61.13±9.39 and 58.86±3.72 in no/mild PMS, moderate to severe PMS and PMDD participants group, respectively.Conclusions: The changes of physical health domain, psychological health domain were significantly negative correlated with moderate to severe PMS that means participant with moderate and severe PMS have poor quality of physical and psychological health whereas, social relationship domain and environmental health domain were also negative correlated but not significantly associated with moderate to severe PMS.
Comparison of serum electrolytes with preeclampsia severity: a cross sectional study
Authors: Khan Javid Ahmed , Ashraf Aadil , Qureshi Waseem A. , Fayaz Faizana
Published: October 2022

Background: Preeclampsia is a common complication of pregnancy that put women and their fetuses at significant risk and result in life long sequelae. The pathogenesis of this important disease is complex as such the role of different serum electrolytes is being investigated as they are considered important for blood pressure regulation.Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study of 100 diagnosed cases of preeclampsia divided into mild and severe according to latest International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy (ISSHP) guidelines and equal number of age, parity and gestational age matched women (n=100), that acted as control group, with singleton normal pregnancies. Data was analyzed in SPSS V:26. Statistical tests to find out mean standard deviation and One-way ANOVA test were applied to find the significance of associations.Results: In severe preeclampsia group, the mean values of Na+, K+ and Cl- were 134.50±4.24, 4.28±0.74, 106.48±3.41 meq/l respectively in comparison to control group which had 135.57±3.29, 4.12±0.53, 108.20±3.19 meq/l respectively. Results from one way ANOVA showed that there was statistically significant difference between means of the three groups for systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), potassium and chloride levels with p<0.05. A post hoc analysis was used to distinguish the differences in means of these parameters.Conclusions: Estimation of readily available serum electrolytes of sodium potassium and chloride during the course of pregnancy can help to identify and treat preeclampsia and thus reduce the burden of morbidity and mortality in pregnant women.
Study of malaria in febrile patients attending tertiary health care center and evaluation of peripheral smear examination, quantitative buffy coat and rapid diagnostic test in the diagnosis of malaria
Authors: Vidyasagar K. , D. Venkatesha
Published: October 2022

Background: The objective was to study the prevalence of malaria in febrile patients attending the hospital and to evaluate peripheral smear examination, quantitative buffy coat and rapid diagnostic test in the diagnosis of malaria.Methods: The study group includes 208 patients presenting with fever with chills and rigor and other suggestive symptoms of malaria attending the tertiary care center. 5 ml of venous blood was collected in ethylene diamine tetra acetate (EDTA) tube from each patient and the samples were processed for peripheral blood smear examination, quantitative buffy coat (QBC) and antigen detection by rapid diagnostic test (RDT).Results: Out of 208 suspected cases of malaria, 3 (1.44%) were positive for malaria and 205 (98.55%) were negative, the prevalence of malaria was found to be 1.44%. Of total 208 cases tested, 3 cases (1.44%) were positive for malaria by peripheral blood smear examination and by QBC and with rapid diagnostic test only 2 cases (0.96%) were positive. P. vivax was detected in all 3 positive cases.Conclusions: Peripheral smear examination is considered as gold standard method for diagnosis of malaria. QBC can be helpful when an experienced microscopist is not available. Rapid diagnostic tests are simple, rapid, do not need expertise, interpretation of results is easy and objective and useful in routine diagnosis.
Clinicopathological, radiological and bronchoscopic evaluation of suspected lung malignancy
Authors: Mathew Stacey Boban , S. Chandra Sharath K. , Mynalli Adarsh B. , Kandal Irfan
Published: October 2022

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical, pathological and radiological profile of suspected lung malignancy and its correlation with bronchoscopic findings.Methods: A hospital based prospective study was conducted in the department of pulmonary medicine on 74 patients who were suspected with lung malignancy, clinically or radiologically. Following a detailed clinical examination, chest x-ray and CECT thorax, patients were included in the study and were subjected to bronchoscopy. Based on the bronchoscopic findings BAL, TBNA, forceps biopsy and TBLB were performed.Results: Out of 74 patients, most of them belonged to the age group of 51-65 years. Majority were males. Cough was the most common symptom. 51 patients had weight loss and 48 had associated reduced appetite. 50 (67.6%) were smokers. Out of them 43 (86%) were beedi smokers. In CT thorax, most common presentation was mass lesion followed by consolidation, nodules and interstial thickening. Right side was the most common side involved. Bronchoscopy revealed intraluminal growth as the most common finding and the most common pattern noted was fungating growth. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common cell type noted in 9 (27.03%) followed by adenocarcinoma and small cell carcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma presented more commonly as central mass with intraluminal growth and adenocarcinoma presented more commonly as peripheral lesions with extraluminal compression in bronchoscopy.Conclusions: Elderly smokers with cough and loss of appetite with weight loss can be suspicious of lung malignancy. CT and bronchoscopy are essential for the diagnosis of lung malignancy.
Microorganisms causing wound infection and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern
Authors: Swain Bichitrananda , Samal Debashish , Agrawal Sujan Narayan
Published: October 2022

Background: Pyogenic infection is one of major causes of morbidity and increasing medical expense. Multiple organisms can cause wound infection. Drug resistant bacteria are the most important therapeutic challenge.Methods: A prospective study was carried out from July 2021 to October 2021and pus samples were collected from suspected OPD and indoor patients with wound infection. The pus specimen after appropriate aerobic culture, the bacteria grown was identified by colony morphology, staining reaction and different standard biochemical tests. Modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method was used for the antimicrobial susceptibility testing.Results: Out of 140 pus samples from wound infection of suspected patients, 88 (62.9%) showed bacterial growth and most of them were from male patients, 66 (64.70%). Most of the isolates were isolated from in-patient (52, 59.1%). Staphylococcus aureus was the most prevalent pathogen (38.6%) followed by Klebsiella spp. (22.7%). Most of the S. aureus were MRSA (32.4%) and sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid and teicoplanin. Klebsiella spp. and other Gram-negative bacteria isolates were mostly sensitive to imipenem and they were highly resistant to co-trimoxazole, cephalosporins.Conclusions: The organisms mainly attributing for pyogenic wound infections are S. aureus, Klebsiella species. High level of drug resistance was seen for both Gram positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Continuous surveillance is necessary. As the microorganisms isolated were mostly resistant to different antibiotic classes, so effective surveillance and proper implementation of local antibiotic policy is needed.