bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LAS OPERACIONES COMERCIALES INTERNACIONALES Y SUS EFECTOS TRIBUTARIOS EN MÉXICO
Authors: Chávez Chávez José Luis , Gordillo Ojeda Raquel
Published: February 2025

La modernización y el cuidado en los procesos de fiscalización nacional e internacional, ayudara a que México cada día sea mejor fiscalizador de las obligaciones tributarias, tanto en el país como en el extranjero, el proceso administrativo fiscal tendrá que dar resultados los que han sido proyec­tados tanto en la Ley de Ingresos como en el ejercicio presupuestal, las técnicas de auditoria nacionales e internacionales juegan un papel crucial en estos eventos.
LA TEORÍA DE LOS STAKEHOLDERS EN EL PODER JUDICIAL DEL ESTADO DE MICHOACÁN
Authors: Bonales Valencia Joel , Vieyra Avilés Víctor Hugo
Published: February 2025

El Poder Judicial del Estado Michoacán (PJEM) está experimentando una creciente exigencia de sus usuarios – y de la sociedad – de garantizar una comunicación abierta y transparente. Esta modificación en el comporta­miento social, aunado a proyectos de alto impacto, como el considerado en el decreto a la Constitución Mexicana, publicado el 18 de junio de 2008, que establece las bases para un nuevo sistema de seguridad pública y justicia penal (NSJP): acusatorio, adversarial y oral, en México; obliga al PJEM a que actualice y adecue su visión y las herramientas con las que administra sus relaciones estratégicas. Para identificarlas y comprenderlas, y para entenderlo como una serie de relaciones bilaterales de generación e intercambio de valor; los autores aplicarán la Teoría de los Stakeholders.
HACIA DÓNDE VA EL PAPEL DEL ESTADO. UNA PROPUESTA CONCEPTUAL
Authors: Gaytán Gómez Oriana Zaret , Villa Aguijosa José Luis
Published: February 2025

El Estado capitalista transitó, de principios del siglo XX hasta nuestros días, por tres fases o momentos. La primera de ellas a principios del siglo y hasta la Segunda Guerra Mundial, en la que el Estado se caracterizó más por ser un estado militarizado y prácticamente sin ninguna intervención como agente económico activo. Su papel correspondía a los principios del liberalismo caracterizado por el pensamiento neoclásico que tuvo vigencia hasta la Gran Depresión de los años 30. La segunda fase, en que surge el Keynesianismo para dar respuesta a la Gran Depresión y con él un nuevo papel del Estado capitalista enfocado esencialmente a intervenir la deman­da agregada como motor del crecimiento a partir del gasto de gobierno, esto es, que el consumo y la inversión tendrían efectos multiplicadores mediante el gasto de gobierno en el crecimiento de la economía. No obs­tante, este modelo económico y con ello el rol del Estado, cambia en los años 80s ante la crisis estructural mundial provocada por un nuevo fe­nómeno económico: la estanflación que dará paso a un tercer momento caracterizado por la adopción de los principios del liberalismo económico mediante la aplicación del monetarismo, en el cual se deja a la inversión privada el rol central en la activación de la demanda agregada. No obstante la estabilidad macroeconómica forjada por el neoliberalismo, generará una profundización de la desigualdad social, se pondrá en evidencia un serio deterioro medioambiental y presenciará crisis políticas derivadas en gran medida porque los sectores que padecen la pobreza han encontrado en el subempleo y la delincuencia una válvula de escape. En este sentido, el presente trabajo pretende, a partir de la revisión de esos tres momentos que ha pasado el Estado capitalista, aportar una propuesta sobre el nuevo papel que debe jugar el Estado capitalista ante las imperfecciones y deficiencias que el modelo neoliberal ha hecho evidentes.
MÉTODO DE BELLMAN - ZADHE, COMO ESTRATEGIA EN LA PLANEACIÓN DE LA PRODUCCIÓN AGRÍCOLA USANDO FUZZY LOGIC
Authors: González Santoyo Federico , Flores Romero Martha Beatriz , Rueda Chávez Rubén , Chávez Rivera Rubén
Published: February 2025

En el presente artículo se hace el análisis del método Bellman Zadhe, el cual es aplicado para la toma de decisiones en las que existe incertidumbre; ante el dilema de decidir entre n alternativas existentes y ante el dilema entre seleccionar la más eficiente y eficaz, se hace una aplicación usando Fuzzy Logic para el caso del arrendamiento de tierras de cultivo que per­mitan un mayor rendimiento en la producción agrícola.
El acervo de capital en la industria manufacturera de los países de América del Norte. Una estimación a partir del método de inventarios perpetuos con factor de ajuste
Authors: Navarro Chávez José César Lenin , Delfín Ortega Odette Virginia
Published: February 2025

En esta investigación, se tiene como objetivo estimar el acervo de capital de la industria manufacturera deMéxico, Estados Unidos y Canadá durante el período 1984-2022, instrumentándose el método de inventariosperpetuos (MIP) con el factor de ajuste (MIPA) de Almon (1999). En México, el acervo de capital mostró en estosaños un crecimiento limitado, con uctuaciones ligadas a factores económicos y políticos -sin dejar de lado lapandemia por COVID-19-, que afectaron la inversión en el sector manufacturero. Estados Unidos experimentóun crecimiento más sólido en su acervo de capital, impulsado por la digitalización y la adopción de tecnologíasavanzadas, que modernizaron los procesos productivos y fortalecieron la competitividad del sector frente a crisiscomo la de 2008 y la pandemia de 2020. El acervo de capital en la industria manufacturera en Canadá, sutendencia en general fue a crecer, no obstante, en los años comprendidos entre la crisis nanciera del 2008 y lapandemia por COVID-19, este indicador presentó un descenso signicativo
Impacto de la RSE y Gestión Sostenible de Recursos Humanos en la Sostenibilidad Empresarial
Authors: Ramón Ramón Dolores Isabel
Published: February 2025

La Responsabilidad Social Empresarial y la Gestión de Recursos Humanos se aplica actualmente con enfoqueestratégico, para satisfacer las demandas de los diversos stakeholders, siendo el Recurso Humano el grupo deinterés primario, directo, clave y de urgente atención por parte de las empresas que operan en el mercadointernacional, por ser a través de quienes se alcanzan objetivos estratégicos, productividad, expansión en nuevosmercados, construcción de credibilidad y reputación. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo examinar losfactores de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial que tienen mayor impacto en el recurso humano que labora enempresas medianas y grandes dedicadas al comercio exterior. La metodología utilizada es de enfoque cuantitativoy descriptivo, se utilizó el muestreo no probabilístico, encuestándose a 302 empleados que se desempeñan en estetipo de empresas y se aplicó un cuestionario validado por varios autores. Los resultados demuestran que elrecurso humano valora prácticas de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial que garanticen igualdad deoportunidades, desarrollo del recurso humano, la diversidad e inclusión, el comportamiento ético del líder, lasatisfacción y el bienestar del recurso humano, factores que se constituyen en base fundamental para que laempresa desarrolle sostenibilidad y competitividad empresarial. No obstante, las empresas de este sector no hanllenado totalmente las expectativas de su stakeholder recursos humanos, siendo sustancial para el éxito de lasempresas.
Abordagem do conteúdo organelas celulares com e sem o uso de recurso didático “maquetes”: Análise comparativa sobre a aprendizagem construída pelos alunos do Ensino Médio
Authors: Silva Ravena Maria da Luz de Sousa , Felix Odivette Maria Soares
Published: February 2025

A Citologia é o ramo da Biologia que se dedica ao estudo das células. São notórias as dificuldades existentes na compreensão dos conteúdos dessa área. Esse processo pode ser facilitado com a utilização de recursos didáticos, como as maquetes, por permitirem a melhor visualização de estruturas estudadas e tornarem o conteúdo mais palpável. A partir disso, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo comparar como ocorre a aprendizagem dos alunos do ensino médio sobre o conteúdo organelas celulares partindo do uso e não uso de maquetes. A pesquisa se deu com um enfoque qualitativo, tendo a participação de duas turmas de terceira série do ensino médio, em uma escola de rede pública Estadual do Município de São Francisco do Piauí/PI. Verificou-se que o uso da maquete proporcionou maior entendimento do conteúdo organelas celulares, além de se mostrar eficiente para a motivação dos estudantes, o que pode tornar as aulas mais dinâmicas e estimulantes. Com isso, percebe-se a importância do uso desse recurso didático no processo de ensino e aprendizagem.
The surgical-interventional cleavage in cardiovascular medicine: A brazilian health care system analysis
Authors: Martins Gabriel Kaleb , Pacífico Maria Rayane Félix , Reis Maria Eduarda Dantas de Souza , Nascimento Karina de Jesus do , Vieira Louise Pereira de Moraes , Santos André Gonçalves Martins , Santos Emilly Karolliny
Published: February 2025

This study aims to compare in-hospital mortality, costs, and length of stay between traditional cardiovascular surgery and interventional cardiology in SUS (2009–2023), evaluate temporal trends in technological substitution, and quantify long-term effects using risk-adjusted models. An ecological design analyzed aggregated data from 2,303,648 procedures. ARIMA models and negative binomial regression adjusted temporal trends and mortality risk. Results revealed accelerated technological substitution (-1.27% annual decline in surgeries; p < 0.001), with initial mortality advantage for interventional procedures (RR = 0.43; 95% CI: 0.11–0.76). However, synthetic projections showed benefit inversion by 2023 (+72.38 excess deaths), linked to an inverse learning curve for interventions (+0.83% mortality per 1% volume increase; p < 0.001). Cost savings (R$5,524/case) and shorter hospitalization (-5.07 days) coexisted with rising complexity in surgical cohorts, increasing baseline mortality risk by 0.59% annually (p < 0.001). The study concludes that technological substitution in SUS achieved economic efficiency but requires parallel investments in training and risk stratification for clinical sustainability.
Reflexões sobre organização, representação e recuperação da informação de religiões de matriz africana
Authors: Carvalho de Oliveira Souza Irma Gracielle , De Medeiros Matos Autran Marynice , Pereira de Souza Alexandre , Elizabeth Baltar Carneiro de Albuquerque Maria
Published: February 2025

Aborda questões relacionadas a Organização, Representação e Recuperação da Informação, sobre religiões de matriz africana na Ciência da Informação. Tem como questão norteadora como as informações sobre Candomblé e Umbanda, especificamente, são representadas e recuperadas nos principais periódicos científicos, da Ciência da Informação? Tem como objetivo geral: Refletir sobre a representação da informação de religiões de matriz africana na Ciência da Informação, a partir da produção científica em periódicos correntes Qualis A de 2018 à 2022. Como estratégias para consecução desse estudo tem-se os seguintes objetivos específicos: a) Mapear a produção científica sobre religiões de matriz africana no âmbito da Ciência da informação; b) identificar os termos que representam a temática proposta nos periódicos da Ciência da Informação; e c) verificar como as informações acerca das religiões de matriz africana, o Candomblé e a Umbanda, estão representados nos periódicos Qualis A da Ciência da Informação. Trata-se, de uma pesquisa exploratória, de natureza qualitativa, com abordagem  bibliográfica, cuja técnica de coleta e análise dos dados adotada, foi a Análise de Conteúdo. Cujos resultados apresentados nos leva a crer que as religiões de matriz africana, associadas ao contexto da Ciência da Informação, é um campo novo e pouco explorado, necessitando de maior compreensão por parte da comunidade científica, bem como a criação de uma cultura de produção científica na área, sobretudo, ampliar as discussões sobre: espiritualidade, religiosidade, os impactos das informações produzidas e dos conhecimentos gerado dentro dos terreiros de candomblé e umbanda, considerando além da riqueza cultural dessas religiões.
Bibliotecas desde Abya-Yala
Authors: Natalia Duque-Cardona , Santos Guilherme Fellipin dos
Published: February 2025

Pensar, propor e operar uma Biblioteconomia a partir de Abya-Yala é mais do que um exercício teórico, implica inclusive estar fora das formas tradicionais como nos entendemos como cientistas sociais. Implica fazer uso da palavra, semeá-la para colher outras formas de nos relacionarmos, nomeando-nos e fortalecendo a disciplina em torno de suas funções sociais. A professora Natalia Duque Cardona, da Universidade de Antioquia, Colômbia e criadora da proposta de pesquisa-ação Bibliotecas desde Abya-Yala, que hoje é uma linha de pesquisa da Escola Interamericana de Biblioteconomia, conta nesta entrevista um pouco sobre qual tem sido a sua configuração subjetiva e profissional neste compromisso não só académico, mas também pessoal e político.
Impactos da Pandemia da COVID-19 nas Startups Sergipanas
Authors: Olave Maria Elena Leon , Andrade Aíris de Jesus Santos
Published: February 2025

A pandemia causada pela COVID-19 teve enorme impacto no mundo, afetando todos os setores econômicos e criando problemas de saúde em geral. Com este panorama, os governos impuseram medidas de distanciamento, interrompendo várias atividades econômicas, criando efeitos de vulnerabilidade (Nicola et al., 2020). Para as empresas startups, a situação não foi diferente, muitas tiveram projetos suspensos por conta da pandemia, outras cortaram custos e investimentos, congelando contratações e demitindo funcionários (Morélix et al.,2020). Este artigo teve como objetivo geral analisar os impactos da pandemia sobre as Startups inseridas no Ecossistema Empreendedor do Estado de Sergipe. Especificamente, identificou os fatores ligados à pandemia que afetaram positiva e negativamente as startups, e investigou as principais falhas estruturais do Ecossistema Empreendedor de Sergipe sob a ótica dos gestores. Metodologicamente, foi estruturada uma pesquisa com abordagem quantitativa, realizando uma survey, com utilização de questionário, aplicado junto a gestores de startups sergipanas.  Os resultados apontam como impactos positivos da pandemia, o surgimento de novos clientes, crescimento de receitas, demanda de novos produtos ou serviços, uso de novas tecnologias, aceleração do processo de transformação digital, aumento de verbas para alguns projetos, como os voltados para à área da saúde. Dentre os impactos negativos estão a perda de clientes, de receitas, redução do tempo dedicado aos projetos, suspensão de parcerias. As principais falhas estruturais do Ecossistema Empreendedor de Sergipe relacionam-se com falta de políticas públicas que impulsionam as atividades das startups, poucos casos de internacionalização, e falta de conhecimento dos empreendedores para captar investimentos.
Études scientifiques sur les collections patrimoniales
Authors: Gaillard Frédérique Alexandra , Mille Alexandre
Published: February 2025

Aujourd'hui, le Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Toulouse conserve environ 2,5 millions de spécimens, tous protégés par le Code du patrimoine. Historiquement, ces collections étaientdes collections scientifiques. L'évolution des statuts (personnel, effectifs, collections et établissement) a transformé ces objets en collections patrimoniales. Cependant, si leur conservation est une des missions essentielles du musée, leur mise à disposition de la communauté scientifique n'en est pas moins importante. Dès lors, comment conserver et générer de nouvelles connaissances par la recherche, dont certaines peuvent mettre en péril l'intégrité des objets ? l'intégrité des objets ? Nos recherches nous ont amenés à plonger dans l'histoire de l'institution et du code du patrimoine pour comprendre l'évolution des enjeux autour de ces collections et du « matériel d'étude ». pour comprendre l'évolution des enjeux autour de ces collections et du « matériel d'étude » (le statut intermédiaire d'un objet). Comment travaillent-ils avec la communauté scientifique ? Quelles sont les techniques d'exploration (invasives et non invasives) qui permettent de mieux connaître l'histoire de ce patrimoine ?
Museu da Vida da Fiocruz: mediações científicas e culturais em ciência, tecnologia e saúde
Authors: Menezes Debora , Marteleto Regina , Fraysse Patrick
Published: February 2025

Esta publicação propõe analisar as mediações científico-culturais implementadas pelo Museu da Vida e sua atuação no período da pandemia de Covid-19. A pesquisa adota como referencial teórico metodológico a perspectiva sociocultural da Ciência da Informação e das Ciências Sociais e Saúde. Os métodos utilizados possuem caráter qualitativo e exploratório, baseada em pesquisa documental e observações no campo, realizadas entre 2019 e 2023. Os autores apresentam o Museu da Vida da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, localizado no Rio de Janeiro, refletindo sobre suas práticas e abordagens. Percebe-se que os processos institucionais são permeados por sua missão de promover o diálogo público em ciência, tecnologia e saúde e respectivos processos históricos, também contribuindo para melhores condições de vida, autonomia e o exercício dos direitos de cidadania.
A Comprehensive Proposal for Driver Licensing Reform in Ecuador
Authors: García-Ramírez Yasmany
Published: February 2025

Ecuador faces a critical road safety challenge, characterised by high crash rates and concerning driver behaviours. The existing driver education and licensing processes have proven inadequate, underscoring an urgent need for comprehensive reform. This study proposes a Driver Learning System (DLS) for Ecuador, specifically designed to tackle these issues. Central to the DLS is the implementation of a three-stage Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) system, which promotes progressive skill development and low-risk driving among novice drivers. The proposal also includes a thorough revision of driver education curricula, emphasising risk awareness, technological integration, and lifelong learning across all licence categories. The development of the GDL system was informed by an analysis of local crash statistics and driver behaviour studies, identifying critical areas for reform. Despite the potential of the DLS to significantly reduce traffic crashes in Ecuador, challenges such as stakeholder resistance and the need for funding for infrastructure improvements remain. Addressing these obstacles will be essential for the successful implementation of the DLS. The GDL, supplemented by a robust public awareness campaign, represents a promising path toward transforming the driving culture and enhancing road safety in Ecuador.
The Influence of Vehicle Characteristics on the Braking Behaviour of Young People as Measured Using Telematics
Authors: Boylan James , Chen Won Sun , Meyer Denny
Published: February 2025

Road traffic crash outcomes for young drivers are worse compared to more experienced drivers, with crashes accounting for 1 in 5 deaths for people aged 15-24 years in Australia. However, the choice of motor vehicle and how they influence driving behaviour and driving outcomes is relatively unknown for young drivers. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of vehicle characteristics on the driving behaviour of young drivers while also considering demographic characteristics. A sample of 35 young drivers used in-vehicle telematics to record their driving behaviour over one month. The numbers of harsh braking events were recorded for each trip and vehicle characteristics were compared across demographic characteristics. Linear mixed models (LMM) were then used to determine whether vehicle characteristics (vehicle weight, engine power, model year and vehicle safety ratings) had significant relationships with braking behaviour, when the demographic characteristics and trip length were controlled for. The LMM indicated that vehicles with higher engine power and vehicles with a higher safety rating were associated with a lower number of harsh braking events. Vehicle characteristics differed significantly across genders. However, the inclusion of demographic variables in the above braking behaviour models failed to improve their fit. Driving behaviour models using in-vehicle telematics data typically include demographic variables. The results of this study highlight the value of including vehicle characteristic variables in understanding the braking performance of young drivers, suggesting that these variables should be considered in future driving behaviour analyses.
The Anatomy of Hume’s Treatise of Human Nature and His Painting of History
Authors: Krause Jonathan
Published: February 2025

Although Hume depicts his Treatise of Human Nature as an anatomical work, in the final paragraph of the Treatise, he discusses the corresponding roles of the philosophical anatomist and painter within his philosophy. This article reclaims both aspects of Hume’s thought, which helps us delineate the relationship of the Treatise to his various works. First, we look in-depth at Hume’s discussion of the anatomist and painter in three texts: the Treatise of Human Nature, a letter by Hume to Frances Hutcheson, and An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding. Second, we focus on situating Hume’s historical interests, mainly The History of England, within his anatomical and artistic philosophical vision.
Cyclone Civics: A Civic Literacy and Engagement Initiative at Iowa State University
Authors: Shaw Kelly , Kedrowski Karen
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the initial stages of Cyclone Civics, a campus-wide initiative at Iowa State University aimed at addressing stakeholder concerns about declining civic literacy, knowledge, and engagement. It begins by analyzing the educational and political factors that inspired the initiative. The paper then outlines Cyclone Civics’ objectives and highlights recent progress in its development. Finally, the authors seek insights from the panel on best practices to adopt, as well as potential challenges and opportunities for the initiative moving forward.
Teaching Polarization and Populism through Active Learning
Authors: Jung Yujin Julia
Published: February 2025

Teaching populism in an era of polarization presents challenges as students often approach the topic with ideological biases. This study explores an active learning approach implemented in a populism course at Mount St. Mary’s University. Using a gamified classification exercise, students analyzed 20 global populist speeches through a 4x4 bingo game, categorizing rhetoric into different populism subtypes. The activity fostered critical engagement, comparative analysis, and bias reduction by shifting focus from ideology to rhetorical style. This approach enhanced analytical precision, sustained engagement, and broadened students’ global understanding of populism, offering insights for teaching politically sensitive topics effectively.
Förskolepedagogers reflektioner kring att delta i ett aktionforsningsprojekt om flerspråkighet och lek
Authors: Simonsson Maria , Cekaite Asta
Published: February 2025

Den här artikeln handlar om hur några arbetslag i förskolan resonerar kring sitt deltagande i en forskningsstudie omflerspråkighet och lek i förhållande till kollegialt lärande, där arbetet bedrivits inom ett ULF-projekt. Förskolepersonalen lyfter fram fyra aspekter för deltagandet: motiven, granskningen av den egna praktiken, att bidra till forskning samt förutsättningar för deltagandet.
Direitos humanos e violência doméstica na obra “O segundo sexo”: as mulheres nasceram com direitos, ou buscam tornar-se detentoras deles?
Authors: Pires Maria Fernanda , Bernardi Renato
Published: February 2025

A mulher nunca foi considerada um ser humano detentor de direito, mas sim um mero objeto de aquisição. Sempre ensinadas a aceitar caladas para salvar o casamento sagrado foi assim que a violência doméstica foi colocada nas sociedades e os Direitos Humanos delas nunca posto. O artigo tem por objetivo, através da pesquisa exploratória e de dados quantitativos e qualitativos, analisar como a violência doméstica ainda é latente no Brasil e como os Direitos Humanos das mulheres foi alcançado, partindo do ponto de vista da obra “O segundo Sexo” de Simone de Beauvoir. Dessa forma, para este estudo foi utilizado o método hipotético-dedutivo, por meio do qual se partiu de premissas maiores a respeito da manifestação da violência de gênero para o entendimento do assunto, até o alcance de premissas menores, analisando, como foco central, a obra de Simone de Beauvoir e o cenário brasileiro. Portanto, busca-se entender toda a estrutura do sistema patriarcal, os efeitos da violência contra corpos femininos no âmbito brasileiro e medidas para sanar esse óbice.
Unveiling new perspectives about the onset of neurological and cognitive deficits in cerebral malaria: exploring cellular and neurochemical mechanisms
Authors: de Lima Renato M. S. , Leão Luana K. R. , Martins Luana C. , Passos Adelaide da C. Fonseca , Batista Evander de J. Oliveira , Herculano Anderson M. , Oliveira Karen R. H. M.
Published: February 2025

Cerebral malaria is the most severe and lethal complication caused by Plasmodium falciparum infection, leading to critical neurological impairments and long-term cognitive, behavioral, and neurological sequelae in survivors, particularly affecting children under the age of five. Various hypotheses have been proposed to explain the neurological syndrome associated to cerebral malaria condition, including vascular occlusion and sequestration, cytokine storm or inflammatory response, or a combination of these mechanisms and despite extensive research and a growing range of scientific information, the precise pathophysiological mechanism remains poorly understood. In this sense, this review aims to explore the neurological impairment in cerebral malaria and elucidate novel mechanisms to explain the severity of this disease. Recent evidence implicates glutamate and glutamatergic pathways in the onset of cerebral malaria, alongside the impairments in the metabolic activity of other molecules such as dopamine and kynurenic acid. These neurotransmitters pathways may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria, potentially interacting with other molecular players. By enhancing our understanding in the pathophysiology of cerebral malaria, this article seeks to explore new hypotheses regarding the involvement of neurotransmitters and their interactions with other molecular targets, thereby contributing to the overall pathology of cerebral malaria.
Metagenomic next-generation sequencing assists in the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis in non-endemic areas of China
Authors: Zhao Rui , He Guilun , Xiang Lin , Ji Melinda , He Rongheng , Wei Xudong
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Leishmaniasis, a protozoan disease caused by infection by Leishmania, is a critical issue in Asia, South America, East Africa, and North Africa. With 12 million cases globally, leishmaniasis is one of the most serious neglected tropical diseases worldwide. Direct identification of infected tissues is currently the primary method of diagnosis; however, the low sensitivity and inconvenience of microscopic examination in detecting amastigotes, parasitic manifestations of Leishmania, leads to the possibility of misdiagnosis, delayed diagnosis, and underdiagnosis.

Methods

With the development of metagenomic nextgeneration sequencing (mNGS) technology for pathogen identification, it is possible to detect specific nucleic acid sequences characteristic of Leishmania parasites, which opens new avenues for the more accurate diagnosis of leishmaniasis. In this study, we report two cases of leishmaniasis from Henan Province, China, in which Leishmania parasites were identified using mNGS technology, massively expediting diagnosis and treatment.

Results

Our report demonstrates that the mNGS method is applicable to peripheral blood samples (PB), which are far more readily available in clinical settings, in addition to bone marrow aspirate samples (BM), which are traditionally used for diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis.

Conclusion

Our report validates the efficacy of mNGS technology as a rapid and accurate method of diagnosis for leishmaniasis.
Atrial fibrillation and cognitive impairment: mechanisms, influencing factors, and prospects
Authors: Huang Li-Juan , Chen Jian-Shu , Song Yu-Zhe , Chang Peng
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent cardiac arrhythmia and a significant contributor to cardioembolic stroke, a condition closely linked to cognitive decline. However, research reveals that AF itself is independently associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment. This high incidence of cognitive decline in AF patients may result from various mechanisms, including reduced cerebral perfusion, microembolism, decreased cardiac output, and chronic inflammation.

Methods

This review synthesizes current evidence on the relationship between AF and cognitive impairment, examines underlying mechanisms of cognitive decline in AF, and explores the roles of AF type, treatment approaches, left atrial characteristics, and associated conditions in cognitive function outcomes.

Results

Cognitive outcomes in AF are further influenced by a range of factors, such as left atrial structural parameters, AF type and duration, anticoagulation use, catheter ablation, comorbidities, age, and gender.

Discussion

The review highlights the complex interplay between AF and cognitive impairment, emphasizing the importance of understanding the various mechanisms and factors that contribute to cognitive decline in AF patients. By examining the roles of AF type, treatment approaches, left atrial characteristics, and associated conditions, this review provides insights into potential strategies for mitigating cognitive impairment in AF patients.
Multifractal characteristics of pore structure in the terrestrial shale reservoirs of the Lianggaoshan formation in northeast sichuan basin and its geological significance
Authors: Wang Jiping , Shao Hongmei , Zhang Yuanhao , Jiang Zhenxue , Gao Bo , Li Lingling , Pan Huifang , Wang Haonan , Lu Xi , Qiu Hengyuan , He Xiaobiao , Zhang Chengju
Published: February 2025

The exploration of shale oil resources in the Lianggaoshan Formation of the Jurassic System in the Sichuan Basin has made significant progress in recent years, revealing a vast resource potential. This study focuses on the upper Lianggaoshan Formation, employing low-temperature gas adsorption, high-pressure mercury intrusion, and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques to systematically characterize the pore structure of various lithofacies shales. Furthermore, the pore structure heterogeneity and its controlling factors were investigated through the integration of multifractal theory. Result indicate that high-organic laminated felsic shale exhibit well-developed micropores with a simple and uniform pore structure, making them ideal for shale oil accumulation. Medium-organic bedded felsic shale, also exhibiting laminated and feldspathic textures, possess a more complex mesoporous structure that facilitates hydrocarbon enrichment, but their high heterogeneity presents challenges for exploration and development. Low-organic massive argillaceous siltstone with low organic content demonstrates a complex macroporous structure and high heterogeneity, potentially limiting effective hydrocarbon recovery. Lastly, the pore structure of massive fine-silt sandstone exhibits a high degree of complexity and heterogeneity, revealing the significant influence of quartz and clay mineral interactions on pore development. These findings advance the understanding of shale pore structure and its impact on hydrocarbon enrichment and recovery in the Lianggaoshan Formation, and offer valuable guidance for optimizing “sweet spot” selection. Furthermore, the methodologies and insights presented here are broadly applicable to unconventional resource exploration and development in similar geological settings globally, providing new ideas for researchers studying shale reservoir pore systems.
Exploring the relationship between sepsis and Golgi apparatus dysfunction: bioinformatics insights and diagnostic marker discovery
Authors: Ma Wanli , Liu Xinyi , Yu Ran , Song Jiannan , Hou Lina , Guo Ying , Wu Hongwei , Feng Dandan , Zhou Qi , Li Haibo
Published: February 2025

Background

Sepsis, a critical infectious disease, is intricately linked to the dysfunction of the intracellular Golgi apparatus. This study aims to explore the relationship between sepsis and the Golgi apparatus using bioinformatics, offering fresh insights into its diagnosis and treatment.

Methods

To explore the role of Golgi-related genes in sepsis, we analyzed mRNA expression profiles from the NCBI GEO database. We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs). These DEGs, Golgi-associated genes obtained from the MSigDB database, and key modules identified through WGCNA were intersected to determine Golgi-associated differentially expressed genes (GARGs) linked to sepsis. Subsequently, functional enrichment analyses, including GO, KEGG, and GSEA, were performed to explore the biological significance of the GARGs.A PPI network was constructed to identify core genes, and immune infiltration analysis was performed using the ssGSEA algorithm. To further evaluate immune microenvironmental features, unsupervised clustering was applied to identify immunological subgroups. A diagnostic model was developed using logistic regression, and its performance was validated using ROC curve analysis. Finally, key diagnostic biomarkers were identified and validated across multiple datasets to confirm their diagnostic accuracy.

Results

By intersecting DEGs, WGCNA modules, and Golgi-related gene sets, 53 overlapping GARGs were identified. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that these GARGs were predominantly involved in protein glycosylation and Golgi membrane-related processes. PPI analysis further identified eight hub genes: B3GNT5, FUT11, MFNG, ST3GAL5, MAN1C1, ST6GAL1, C1GALT1C1, and GALNT14. Immune infiltration analysis revealed significant differences in immune cell populations, mainly activated dendritic cells, and effector memory CD8+ T cells, between sepsis patients and healthy controls. A diagnostic model constructed using five pivotal genes (B3GNT5, FUT11, MAN1C1, ST6GAL1, and C1GALT1C1) exhibited predictive accuracy, with AUC values exceeding 0.96 for all genes. Validation with an independent dataset confirmed the differential expression patterns of B3GNT5, C1GALT1C1, and GALNT14, reinforcing their potential as robust diagnostic biomarkers for sepsis.

Conclusion

This study elucidates the link between sepsis and the Golgi apparatus, introduces novel biomarkers for sepsis diagnosis, and offers valuable insights for future research on its pathogenesis and treatment strategies.
Current status of cytokine-induced killer cells and combination regimens in breast cancer
Authors: Jiang Yuancong , Qiu Jie , Ye Nanwei , Xu Yingchun
Published: February 2025

Breast cancer remains a significant health challenge worldwide, with substantial efforts aimed at understanding its pathogenesis, biological characteristics, and clinical triggers. Recently, immunotherapy such as the cytokine-induced killer cells combined with other drug therapies has offered new hope for patients with advanced breast cancer. However, the specific pathogenesis of combination regimens involving cytokine-induced killer cells remains elusive. Besides, the combination of immunotherapy with cytokine-induced killer cells might represent a novel breakthrough. This review outlines the current status of cytokine-induced killer cell therapies and their combination strategies, especially the combination of chemotherapy with molecularly targeted treatments, for the management of breast cancer.
Successful sequential therapy with rituximab and telitacicept in refractory Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and MOG-associated demyelination: a case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Jingliang , Hu Minzhe , Wang Chunjuan , Guo Shougang
Published: February 2025

Clinical management of the rare and complex overlapping syndrome of MOG-antibody disease and anti-NMDAR encephalitis (MNOS), which has an uncertain pathogenesis and a high risk of recurrence, is highly challenging. We describe the case of a 19 years-old female patient, who first complained of headache, fever, and irritability. After that, she experienced frequent seizures and mood disorders. The diagnosis of MNOS was verified through antibody tests and imaging. For the patient, intravenous immunoglobulin and high-dose methylprednisolone were effective as first-line immunotherapy. Long-term immunotherapy with oral prednisone and mycophenolate mofetil was used to prevent relapses. However, over six years, the patient had five relapses when the mycophenolate mofetil dosage was reduced. The patient’s condition stabilized after taking rituximab as second-line immunotherapy, with less than 1% of total lymphocytes being CD19+ cells. Eleven months later, the plasmablast ratio increased, and patients experienced new symptoms such as bilateral optic neuritis. After that, the patient got telitacicept injections regularly for 13 months, during which time her symptoms subsided, and there were no adverse effects or relapses. This case suggests that telitacicept may be a viable adjunct or sequential therapy option for the depletion of B cells in MNOS.
Heterogeneity in polyamine metabolism dictates prognosis and immune checkpoint blockade response in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Pan Jianyan , Lin Zhong , Pan Qinchun , Zhu Tao
Published: February 2025

Immune checkpoint blockade holds promise in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment, but its efficacy remains limited. Dysregulated polyamine metabolism and its interaction with oncogenic pathways promote tumor progression. However, the heterogeneity of polyamine metabolism and its effects on the immune microenvironment and response to immunotherapy in HCC remain unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the prognostic and immunotherapeutic implications of polyamine metabolism in HCC. Based on polyamine-related genes, HCC patients were categorized into two clusters with distinct survival outcomes. We developed a polyamine-related signature, termed PAscore, which was found to be a strong predictor of both poor prognosis and reduced immunocyte infiltration. Notably, a high PAscore was also associated with decreased sensitivity to immunotherapy. Within the HCC microenvironment, malignant cells exhibited polyamine metabolic heterogeneity, those with high polyamine metabolic activity showed altered hallmark pathway signatures and increased communication with myeloid cells. In vitro experiments suggested that FIRRE, the gene with the greatest impact on the PAscore, significantly contributed to HCC proliferation and metastasis. This study underscores the potential of our polyamine-related signature in predicting the prognosis and immunotherapy response in HCC patients, and also reveals the polyamine metabolic heterogeneity among HCC cells that influences their crosstalk with infiltrating myeloid cells.
Case report: Significant lesion reduction and neural structural changes following ibogaine treatments for multiple sclerosis
Authors: Chen David Qixiang , Inzunza Domínguez José Adalberto , Valle Uzeta Juan Manuel , Pushparaj Abhiram P. , Dickinson Jonathan E.
Published: February 2025

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease characterized by demyelination and neuronal loss. Traditional therapies often fail to halt disease progression or reverse neurological deficits. Ibogaine, a psychoactive alkaloid, has been proposed as a potential neuroregenerative agent due to its multifaceted pharmacological profile. We present two case studies of MS patients who underwent a novel ibogaine treatment, highlighting significant neuroimaging changes and clinical improvements. Patient A demonstrated substantial lesion shrinkage and decreased Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) values, suggesting remyelination and reduced inflammation. Both patients exhibited cortical and subcortical alterations, particularly in regions associated with pain and emotional processing. These findings suggest that ibogaine may promote neuroplasticity and modulate neurocircuitry involved in MS pathology.
The importance of inflammatory biomarkers in detecting and managing latent tuberculosis infection
Authors: Gunasekaran Harinisri , Ranganathan Uma Devi , Bethunaickan Ramalingam
Published: February 2025

Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) triggers an autoimmune-like response in the host leading to further complications. One of the major concerns in eliminating Tuberculosis (TB) is identifying individuals with Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) who serve as major reservoirs of Mtb making them the important target group for TB eradication. Since no gold standard tests are available for detecting LTBI, the global burden of LTBI cannot be precisely determined. Since LTBI poses several challenges to worldwide healthcare, managing LTBI must be the key priority to achieve a TB-free status. The inflammatory mediators play a major role in determining the outcome of the Mtb infection and also their levels seem to change according to the disease severity. Identification of inflammatory mediators and utilizing them as diagnostic biomarkers for detecting the various stages of TB disease might help identify the reservoirs of Mtb infection even before they become symptomatic so that preventative treatment can be started early. In summary, this review primarily focuses on exploring different inflammatory markers along the course of the Mtb infection. Identifying LTBI-specific biomarkers helps to identify individuals who are at higher risk of developing TB and preparing them to adhere to preventive therapy thus minimizing the global burden of TB.
Detection of chimeric alpha-defensin transcripts and peptides in mouse Paneth cells
Authors: Timmermans Steven , Wallaeys Charlotte , De Beul Somara , Garcia-Gonzales Natalia , Libert Claude
Published: February 2025

Introduction

In mammals, Paneth cells, located in the crypts of the small intestine, produceantimicrobial peptides that serve to keep the intestinal microbiome under control. a-Defensins are the primary antimicrobial peptides produced by these cells.

Methods

We used 148 publicly available bulk RNA-seq samples on purified PCs, proteomics on enriched purified PC proteins and Defa peptide activity assays to detect all Defa transcrips, including potential chimeric transcrips.

Results

We identified 28 expressed Defa genes in mice, with up to 85% of Paneth cell RNA reads mapping to these genes. Chimeric mRNAs, involving sequences from two different Defa genes, were detected in most experiments. Despite their low abundance (less than 0.3%), mass spectrometry confirmed the presence of chimeric peptides. Synthetic versions of these peptides demonstrated antibacterial activity against multiple bacterial species.

Conclusion

We show the existence of chimeric Defa transcripts and peptides in mice that are biologically active. We propose a possible stochatic mechanism or that the activation of the UPR patway may play a role in their production
Automatic detection, identification and counting of deep-water snappers on underwater baited video using deep learning
Authors: Baletaud Florian , Villon Sébastien , Gilbert Antoine , Côme Jean-Marie , Fiat Sylvie , Iovan Corina , Vigliola Laurent
Published: February 2025

Deep-sea demersal fisheries in the Pacific have strong commercial, cultural, and recreational value, especially snappers (Lutjanidae) which make the bulk of catches. Yet, managing these fisheries is challenging due to the scarcity of data. Stereo-Baited Remote Underwater Video Stations (BRUVS) can provide valuable quantitative information on fish stocks, but manually processing large amounts of videos is time-consuming and sometimes unrealistic. To address this issue, we used a Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Faster R-CNN), a deep learning architecture to automatically detect, identify and count deep-water snappers in BRUVS. Videos were collected in New Caledonia (South Pacific) at depths ranging from 47 to 552 m. Using a dataset of 12,100 annotations from 11 deep-water snapper species observed in 6,364 images, we obtained good model performance for the 6 species with sufficient annotations (F-measures >0.7, up to 0.87). The correlation between automatic and manual estimates of fish MaxN abundance in videos was high (0.72 – 0.9), but the Faster R-CNN showed an underestimation bias at higher abundances. A semi-automatic protocol where our model supported manual observers in processing BRUVS footage improved performance with a correlation of 0.96 with manual counts and a perfect match (R=1) for some key species. This model can already assist manual observers to semi-automatically process BRUVS footage and will certainly improve when more training data will be available to decrease the rate of false negatives. This study further shows that the use of artificial intelligence in marine science is progressive but warranted for the future.
Persistent hepatocyte secretory failure in lopinavir/ritonavir related to drug-induced liver injury: a case report
Authors: Sun Yue , Wang Ran , Wang Cai'e , Shao Xiaodong , Zheng Xiaojie , Li Hui , Chi Yingkai , Deng Baocheng , Li Yiling , Jin Shenghao , Qi Xingshun
Published: February 2025

Lopinavir/ritonavir, an anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) drug, may be associated with the development of liver injury. In this paper, we reported an elderly female patient with drug-induced liver injury secondary to lopinavir/ritonavir, which was evaluated for their causality using the updated Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM) of 2016. She had a RUCAM score of 8 which was equivalent to a probable causality grading. Her clinical course was complicated by persistent hepatocyte secretion failure (PHSF), followed by septic shock and SARS-CoV-2 re-infection during her hospitalization. Her response to any medical intervention, including ursodeoxycholic acid, glutathione, methylprednisolone sodium succinate, rifampicin, artificial liver support, and endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) was very poor, and her family members refused liver transplantation. Finally, she died. In summary, this case suggests the possibility that lopinavir/ritonavir can cause DILI and even PHSF in our clinical practice.