bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMBERIAN TEPUNG Spirulina platensis PADA PAKANTERHADAP KECERAHAN WARNA IKAN BADUT(Amphiprionocellaris)
Authors: Hadijah  , Junaidi Muhammad , Lestari Dewi Putri
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dosis pemberian tepung S. platensis pada pakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas warna ikan badut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metod eeksperimental menggunakan RancanganAcak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan, yakni P0 (kontrol), P1 (tepung S. platensis 1%), P2 (tepung S. platensis 3%), P3 (tepung S. platensis 5%), dan P4 (tepung S. platensis 7%). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tidak pengaruh yang nyata terhadap tingkat kecerahan warna dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup, namun memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap pertumbuhan berat mutlak, pertumbuhan panjang mutlak, laju pertumbuhan berat spesifik, dan laju pertumbuhan panjang spesifik. Diketahui bahwa P2 merupakan perlakuan terbaik pada tingkat kecerahan warna (181,6%), pertumbuhan berat mutlak 0,26 g dan perlakuan terbaik pada laju pertumbuhan berat spesifik 1,44 g. Perlakuan P4 merupakan perlakuan terbaik pada pertumbuhan panjang mutlak 0,73 cm. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disimpulkan bahwa penambahan tepung Spirulina platensis pada pakan dengan dosis 3% merupakan dosis yang tepat untuk meningkatkan kecerahan warna ikan badut.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH BUDIDAYA UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei) SEBAGAI MEDIA KULTUR Chaetoceros amami
Authors: Nurhadi Nanda febrinawati , Putri Berta , Hudaidah Siti
Published: May 2020

Mikroalga Chaetoceros amami merupakan mikroalga yang digunakan sebagai pakan hidup udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) karena memiliki kandungan nutrisi yang tinggi. Kultur mikroalga membutuhkan faktor-faktor pendukung untuk membantu proses pertumbuhannya. Faktor-faktor tersebut antara lain suhu, intensitas cahaya, CO2 dan nutrien. Permasalahan yang sering timbul pada kultur mikroalga diantaranya adalah populasi alga yang pertumbuhannya tidak stabil bahkan cenderung mengalami kematian. Hal ini disebabkan faktor-faktor pendukung kurang optimal seperti kurangnya nutrien pada media pertumbuhannya. Limbah terlarut budidaya udang vaname mengandung 77% nitrogen dan 85% fosfor yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pertumbuhan mikroalga Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengkaji pemanfaatan limbah budidaya udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) sebagai media kultur Chaetoceros amami. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Mikroalga PT. Central Proteinaprima Lampung Selatan Kalianda. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri dari empat perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan, Perlakuan A (kontol) menggunakan pupul walne, Perlakuan B menggunakan 25 % limbah udang vaname dan Perlakuan C menggunakan 50% limbah udang vaname. Hasil uji Duncan (p > 0,05) menunjukkan bahwa fase puncak selama kultur Chaetoceros amami pada media air budidaya udang vaname tidak berbeda nyata. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu Limbah budidaya udang vaname sebanyak (50/50) dapat menggantikan pupuk sintetik (Walne) sebagai media kultur Chaetoceros amami.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Pemecahan Masalah Terhadap Motivasi Berprestasi dan Prestasi Belajar IPS Siswa Kelas VIII MTs. Mu'allimat NW Pancor
Authors: Mulianingsih RR. Sri Setyawati , Zidni Zidni
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran Pemecahan masalah terhadap motivasi berprestasi dan prestasi belajar IPS. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di MTs. Mu'allimat NW Pancor dengan menguunakan post-test control group design, yang hanya memperhitungkan skor post test.  Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah penggunaan model pembelajaran Pemecahan masalah dan variabel terikatnya adalah motivasi berprestasi dan prestasi belajar IPS. Instrumen berupa kuisioner motivasi berprestasi dan  prestasi belajar IPS. Sampel Penelitian berjumlah 30 sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan 30 sebagai kelompok kontrol yang diambil secara acak. Data yang diperoleh dari kuisioner dan tes tersebut selanjutnya ditabulasi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok peserta didik yang mengikuti pelajaran IPS dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Pemecahan masalah (kelompok eksperimen) dan kelompok peserta didik  yang mengikuti pelajaran IPS tanpa menggunakan konvenional (kelompok kontrol). Setelah uji asumsi analisis ini terpenuhi barulah pengujian dilakukan dengan menggunakan Uji Manova. Hasil analisis pada penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: hasil belajar kelompok peserta didik yang mengikuti pelajaran IPS dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Pemecahan masalah (kelompok eksperimen) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok peserta didik  yang mengikuti pelajaran IPS yang menggunakan konvensional atau tanpa model pembelajalaran Pemecahan masalah. Oleh karena itu dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajarlan Pemecahan masalah memiliki pengaruh yang cukup besar terhadap motivasi berprestasi dan prestasi belajar IPS pada siswa kelas VIII MTs Mu'allimat NW Pancor.
Sejarah Lokal dan Pendidikan Karakter (Tinjauan dalam Kearifan Lokal Masyarakat Sasak Lombok)
Authors: Murdi Lalu
Published: May 2020

Kearifan lokal adalah bagian dari kearifan bangsa yang dapat menjadi landasan pendidikan karakter. Kearifan lokal masyarakat Sasak Lombok yang sudah mengakar dalam sejarah suku bangsanya memiliki nilai universal, sehingga proses engkulturasi perlu dilakukan pada masyarakat mulai dari sekolah dasar sampai pendidikan karakter orang dewasa. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pentingnya kearifan lokal (local wisdom) sebagai landasan dari pendidikan karakter tersebut, sekaligus menawarkan pemahaman konsep dan praktik bagaimana seharusnya pendidikan karakter yang berakar pada budaya lokal tersebut diimplementasikan dalam dunia pendidikan.
Studi Sejarah dan Budaya Lombok (Tinjauan Buku)
Authors: Rasyad Abdul , Murdi Lalu
Published: May 2020

Tulisan ini merupakan resensi dari buku yang berjudul â€œStudi Sejarah dan Budaya Lombok. Secara umum buku ini mencoba menjelaska tentang budaya masyarakat Sasak-Lombok. Masyarakat Sasak dijelaskan dalam perspektif budayanya dan menunjukkan bahwa budaya pada masyarakat Sasak masih terjaga dengan baik. Perlu menjadi catatan dalam buku ini adalah kepustakaan yang menjadi acuan. Artinya, kepustakaan yang digunakan belum begitu menunjukkan kualitas yang sesungguhnya.
Perjuangan Gender dalam Kajian Sejarah Wanita Indonesia Pada Abad XIX
Authors: Amar Syahrul
Published: May 2020

Pergerakan kaum perempuan Indonesia pada abad XIX tentunya dengan menyoroti pergerakan wanita dalam bidang pendidikan, yang merupakan pondasi dasar munculnya gender di Indonesia. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut dalam skripsi ini dijelaskan pemaparan mengenai munculnya gender di indonesia, serta deskripsi doktrin dari gender itu sendiri terhadap kajian sejarah wanita tentunya dalam bidang pendidikan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian sejarah. Untuk mendapatkan data yang valid, maka ada beberapa teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, diantaranya: (1) heuristik (pengumpulan sumber), (2) kritik sumber (verifikasi), (3) interpretasi (penafsiran), dan (4) historiografi (penulisan). Pergerakan kaum perempuan Indonesia dalam bidang pendidikan tidak terlepas dari kondisi budaya masyarakat pada masa tradisional dan masa kolonial. Adanya persepsi masyarakat yang menganggap perempuan sebagai the second sex membuat ruang gerak kaum perempuan sangat terbatas. Kaum perempuan merasakan ketidakadilan yang dilakukan budaya masyarakat pada waktu  itu. Untuk itulah terjadi pemberontakan kaum perempuan untuk menghancurkan ketidakadilan yang disebabkan oleh budayanya sendiri. RA Kartini dan Dewi Sartika muncul sebagai pelopor emansipasi wanita dalam pendidikan yang merupakan gambaran pemberontakan terhadap budaya tersebut.
Perbedaan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Sejarahantara Siswa yang Dibelajarkan dengan Model Pembelajaran Fish Bowl dengan Siswa yang Belajarkan dengan Model Pembelajaran Buzz Group Pada Kelas XI IPS SMA NW Pancor
Authors: Triyanto Muchamad , Badarudin Badarudin
Published: May 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya perbedaan motivasi dan prestasi belajar antara siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan model pembelajaran fish bowl dengan siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan model pembelajaran buzz group. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan cluster random sampling dengan mengambil dua kelas. Kelas pertama diterapkan model pembelajaran fish bowl dan kelas kedua mengggunakan model pembelajaran buzz group. Instrument yang digunakan adalah lembar angket dan tes. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik angket dan tes sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan t-test. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan motivasi dan prestasi belajar antara siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan model pembelajaran fish bowl dengan siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan model pembelajaran buzz group. Hasil analisis pengujian perbedaan motivasi belajar menghasilkan t hitung sebesar 10,105 yang lebih besar dari t tabel 2,0021. Sedangkan hasil pengujian terhadap perbedaan prestasi belajar menghasilkan t hitung sebesar 6,264 yang lebih besar dari t tabel 2,0021.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran VCT (Klarifikasi Nilai) Terhadap Motivasi dan Prestasi Belajar IPS Pada Siswa SMP Islam Terampil Pancor Kopong
Authors: Rahmawati B. Fitri , Zidni Zidni
Published: May 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan motivasi dan prestasi belajar di IPS subjek sebelum dan setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran VCT. jenis penelitian ini adalah pra eksperimen, ada satu kelas, itu kelas eksperimen tanpa kelas kontrol, untuk mengumpulkan data penelitian, peneliti memberikan pre test dan post test, dan non tes dalam bentuk kuesioner. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kelas SMP IT Islam Pancor Kopong VIII pada tahun akademik 2015/2016. Total sampel penelitian ini adalah 18 siswa, variabel penelitian terdiri dari variabel dependen, itu VCT (nilai memperjelas) dan variabel bebas adalah motivasi dan prestasi belajar IPS subjek. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah tes untuk prestasi belajar, jenis tes adalah pilihan ganda, 20 item, dan non tes adalah kuesioner untuk motivasi siswa, 44 butir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada prestasi perbedaan siswa antara sebelum dan sesudah Model VCT digunakan. Yang dilihat dari rata-rata post test lebih tinggi dari pre test, dan hipotesis dianalisis, itu hipotesis diterima. Berdasarkan penjelasan di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa menggunakan model VCT adalah efek motivasi dan prestasi siswa pada siswa tahun kedua SMP IT Islam Pancor Kopong pada tahun akademik 2015/2016.
Kepercayaan Aik Mel-Mel Pada Masyarakat Desa Tebaban Kecamatan Suralaga Kabupaten Lombok Timur (Suatu Kajian Sosial Historis)
Authors: Zidni Zidni
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejarah, bentuk pelaksanaan dan pandangan Islam terhadap peraktik Aik Mel-Mel di desa Tebaban Kecamatan  Suralaga Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yakni prosedur penelitian yang menghasilkan data deskriftif berupa kata-kata tertulis atau lisan dari orang dan prilaku yang dapat diamati. Teknik  pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil peneltian menunjukkan  bahwa lahir dan berkembangnya kepercayaan Aik Mel-Mel sejak tahun 1930 hingga sekarang. Di pulau Lombok pada umumnya dan desa Tebaban khususnya berawal dari kebudayaan Bali. kebudayaan ini masih primitive, percaya pada sesuatu mengandung kekuatan-kekuatan gaib diluar akal dan kemampuan manusia. Bentuk kepercayaan Aik Mel-Mel merupakan persenyawaan dari kepercayaan animisme yakni, memedan atau ketemuk ( ketemuk pada roh nenek moyang yang sudah meninggal dunia dan pedan pada benda-benda yang dikeramatkan).
Isoterm Adsorpsi Ion Cr(III) Oleh Kitosan Hasil Isolasi Limbah Kepiting Rajungan dan Kitosan Komersil
Authors: Rahayu Rahayu , Tanasale Matheis F.J.D.P. , Bandjar Adriani
Published: May 2020

The chitin isolation from crab Rajungan (Portunus sanginolentus) and commercial chitin was done. The chitosan was made by deasetilation of chitin using alkaline solution with addition NaBH4. The chitin and chitosan were identified by related instrument. The identification by adsorption Cr(III) ion on chitosan was done by the Atomic Absorption Spectrofotometry. The result of the chitosan isolation was fitted to the Freundlisch isotherm, with KF = 1.18673 mg/g and 1/n= 0.2712.
Produksi Ekstrak Bioaktif Untuk Aditif Pangan Dari Limbah Kulit Buah Naga: Pengaruh Metode Pre-Treatment Dan Ekstraksi
Authors: Shofinita Dian , Bindar Yazid , Jaelawijaya Arwinda Aprillia , Harimawan Ardiyan , Fawwaz Mifta
Published: May 2020

Dragon fruit is one of the tropical fruits can be grown in Indonesia. The skin of dragon fruit, which is accounted for 30-35% of the whole fruit usually thrown away as waste. This study aims to produce a bioactive extract from extraction of dragon fruit skin that is rich in phenolic and pigment compounds then it used as food additives. The variation that was used in this study includes the application of drying as pre-treatment of dragon fruit skin and the extraction methods (maceration and Soxhlet extraction). The obtained extracts were evaluated for the amount of total phenolic compounds and pigments (anthocyanin and betacyanin). Drying of dragon fruit skin was found to yield lower amounts of bioactive materials, which may occur due to the thermal degradation even though a low drying temperature was used. In addition, the maceration method was found to give a higher amount of bioactive materials compared with the Soxhlet method. The extraction with the highest yield of bioactive materials was obtained by the use of fresh dragon fruit skin and maceration for 240 minutes, which gave amounts of anthocyanin, betacyanin, and total phenolic compounds of  0.08, 0.04, dan 0.35 mg/g fresh dragon fruit skin, respectively.
Pengaruh Waktu Reaksi Terhadap Viskositas Dan Densitas Tetraetil Ortosilikat Dari Silika Abu Sekam Padi
Authors: Mujiyanti Dwi Rasy , Nisa Hayatun , Rosyidah Kholifatu , Ariyani Dahlena , Abdullah Abdullah
Published: May 2020

Tetraethyl Ortosylicate (TEOS) is a material is widely used in industrial fields. One source of silica (SiO2) is rice husk ash. In this study was determined the effect of reaction time on viscosity and density in making TEOS from silica rice husk. Silica resulting from the purification of rice husk ash is used in the TEOS manufacturing process by examining the variation of reaction time. One mole of ethanol and 0.25 mole of silica powder were added into 250 ml of round bottom flask followed by the addition of 1 gram of CuO/Al2O3 catalyst then the mixture was refluxed for 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 hours with sufficient stirring and a temperature of 90 °C. The FTIR characterization results show that there are three main functional groups, namely the -OH, Si-O and C-O groups in the five TEOS synthesis results. Wavenumbers of the –OH functional groups obtained ranged from 3349 cm-1 - 3315 cm-1; Si-O functional groups range from 813 cm-1 - 606 cm-1 and C-O functional groups range from 1105 cm-1 - 1040 cm-1. Reaction time has no significant effect on viscosity. Reaction time has no significant effect on the density and density of the resulting TEOS.
Karakterisasi Fotokatalis Untuk Fotoreduksi Karbon Dioksida Menjadi Asam Format Dalam Fasa Akuatik
Authors: Rizkiana Jenny , Devianto Hary , Soerawidjaja Tatang Hernas
Published: May 2020

Photoreduction of carbon dioxide is one of the promising method to reduce green house gas emission. Carbon dioxide can be converted into organic chemical that has higher economic value by utilizing light energy. One of the favorable product is formic acid which is can be used as hydrogen-carrier. For this process, photocatalyst plays important role as it can increase the rate of reaction and as well as the selectivity as such more desirable product can be produced. The objective of present study is to develop photocatalyst which can significantly catalyze the photoreduction process of CO2 to form formic acid. Zinc titanate doped with aluminium is used as the base photocatalyst. Photoreduction process is held in room condition using three 2800 lm lamp. Qualitative analysis of the product is done by silver solid test and acidity test while quantitative analysis is done by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) test. The silver solid test results confirm that formic acid is formed during process. Based on acidity profile data, anthocyanin as photosensitizer could increase higher acidity in the mixture than melanin. However, the concentration of formic acid in the solution is still very low so that it cannot be detected by HPLC.
Karakterisasi Biopolimer Kitosan Hasil Deasetilasi Limbah Kepiting Rajungan (Portunus Sanginolentus) Menggunakan NaBH4 Dalam NaOH
Authors: Hasanela Nurani , Tanasale Matheis F.J.D.P. , Tehubijuluw Helna
Published: May 2020

The chitosan isolation from crab crab waste (Portunus sanginolentus) has been carried out. Chitin production is carried out by the de-proteination, demineralization and depigmentation processes. Chitosan biopolymer is produced from chitin through de-acetylation method using base solution (NaOH) and the addition of NaBH4 which aims to increase the degree of de-acetylation (DD) of chitosan. The results of 25 g of chitin obtained chitosan amounted to 16.67 g (66.68%). Chitin and Chitosan were identified by a Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometer.
Pemilihan Metode Perhitungan Kimia Komputasi Semi-empiris untuk Pengembangan 1,3,4-Thiadiazole
Authors: Paramita Sari , Permata S. Maylani , Vaulina Y.D. Eva , Nasrokhah Nasrokhah , Iswanto Ponco
Published: May 2020

Computational chemistry methods are those used to help researchers design chemical compounds optimally, so that experiments and mistakes do not need to be done in the laboratory. This is a very important step because it can save costs, chemicals, and also the time spent. The method used in this study is semi-empirical, while the parameters used in this study are the infrared (IR) spectrum and the core magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum which will be matched with the results of the study. The compound to be investigated is 1,3,4-Thiadiazole is a heterocyclic compound which is very useful in the field of medicines which contain anti-inflammatory, anticancer, glaucoma drugs etc. The results showed the most appropriate calculation method is PM3 based on infrared variation values of 1697.44 and the PRESS value of nuclear magnetic resonance variation of 21.170.
Variasi Jarak Antar Layer Bentonit Pada Pembuatan Nanokomposit Pla-Bentonit Sebagai Kemasan Makanan
Authors: Wonoputri Vita , Emanuella Natasha , Angelica Evelyn , Sitompul Johnner
Published: May 2020

In this study, bentonite was used as a filler in the synthesis of polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposite. The mechanical property of PLA-Bentonite nanocomposite was treated using two different surfactants, namely octadecyl amine (ODA) and trimethyl stearyl ammonium chloride (TSC) at two different concentration (20 mmol and 40 mmol). The treatments of ODA and TSC in the matrix with regards to the basal spacing of bentonite stacks  measured by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results showed a significant increase in basal spacing was obtained when TSC 40 was applied for treatment. Data of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) suggested that this increase was caused by the incorporation of surfactant into the bentonite stacks. Most of the PLA-Bentonite nanocomposite can form intercalation structure, while a sample containing TSC 40 formed exfoliation structure. This exfoliation structure resulted in a film with the best tensile strength and water vapor permeability compared to the others. The film containing TSC 40 showed the lowest reduction in water activity, almost similar to the bread sample wrapped using conventional plastic. The bread wrapped with TSC 40 film was not grown by fungi as opposed to the conventional plastic, showing the potential of the nanocomposite film as food packaging.
PENGGUNAAN MODEL RASCH UNTUK ANALISIS INSTRUMEN TES PADA MATA KULIAH MATEMATIKA AKTUARIA
Authors: Azizah Azizah , Wahyuningsih Sapti
Published: June 2020

This research was conducted to analyze the test instruments used to measure the ability of students in actuarial mathematics courses in mathematics department, State University of Malang. Participants in this course consist of 40 students. The form of questions given were  multiple choice questions totaling 50 items related to the premium calculation material on life insurance. The Rasch model is used to get fit items. This analysis is carried out with the help of Winsteps software. From the Winsteps program output, 25 items were obtained fit to the Rasch model with an average MNSQ Outfit score for person and item 0.98 and 0.98, respectively. While the Outfit ZSTD value for person and item are 0 and -0.01 respectively. While the reliability of the instrument stated in alpha cronbach is 0.85
Imigração haitiana em Curitiba e crise econômica: o emprego estratégico das redes migratórias e os capitais de mobilidade em contexto de crise
Authors: Cavalcanti Leonardo , Oliveira Márcio Sérgio Batista Silveira de , Marchioro Pedro Francisco , Cordova Lorena Pereda
Published: June 2020

Dentre os novos fluxos migratórios que chegam ao Brasil o caso da diáspora haitiana tem se destacado nos últimos anos. A crise pela qual o país passa atualmente, caracterizada pela retração da economia e pior desempenho do PIB desde 1990, tem impactos tanto diretos quanto indiretos nos projetos dessa população imigrante. O texto examina parte dos resultados da pesquisa que está sendo realizada pelo Laboratório de Estudos sobre Migrações Internacionais (LAEMI) da Universidade de Brasília (UnB) com apoio da Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Distrito Federal (FAP-DF) em conjunto com a Universidade Federal do Paraná. Analisa-se o modo como esta crise afeta os imigrantes haitianos, verificando o papel e importância das redes e dos capitais migratórios em suas respostas ao atual cenário de crise econômica no Brasil, mais especificamente na cidade de Curitiba - PR. Em conclusão, afirma-se que as estratégias dos migrantes parecem se estruturar não a partir da compreensão vulgar de “crise”, mas sim sobre o tecido cada vez mais complexo de redes e dos capitais adquiridos em trajetórias migratórias.
Hybridity and Colonial Desire in Ahdaf Soueif’s In the Eye of the Sun
Authors: ÇIRÇIR Ayşe
Published: May 2020

Ahdaf Soueif is a contemporary Egyptian-British novelist and cultural theorist and In the Eye of the Sun, her first novel published in 1992, tells the emotional, sexual and academic journey of Asya, an Arab Muslim student, and later professor, of English Literature in England and Egypt. In this novel, Soueif emphasises post-colonial reconsiderations and accordingly demonstrates her conscious attempt with extensive references to the colonial and imperial history of Egypt. The present study in particular looks at desire and hybridity in the novel with Robert J. C. Young’s Colonial Desire: Hybridity in Theory, Culture and Race and offers an interpretation of the post-colonial Other’s interpellation by the culture of the coloniser and of desire which is problematized by reading about desire in imperial culture. In investigating these points, it is stated that the problematic and hegemonic centrality of English Literature for the Arab female characters makes post-colonial texts haunted and post-colonial discussions around adultery, alterity and sexual imperialism shape the content of the novel. By describing and considering these issues, this study attempts to offer a post-colonial reading of the novel.
Gümrük Birliği’nin Güncellenme Tartışmasına Farklı Bir Bakış: Tam Üyelik Sürecine Alternatif mi?
Authors: AKÇAY Ekrem Yaşar
Published: May 2020

Türkiye’nin Avrupa Birliği ile ilişkileri 31 Temmuz 1959’daki ortaklık başvurusuyla başlamış ve 12 Eylül 1963’te imzalanan Ankara Anlaşması ile yasal bir zemine oturmuştur. Ankara Anlaşması’na göre ortaklık ilişkisi hazırlık, geçiş ve son dönem olmak üzere üç döneme ayrılmıştır. Türkiye Avrupa Topluluğu arasında 6 Mart 1995’te kurulan Gümrük Birliği, Türkiye-Topluluk ilişkilerine yeni bir boyut kazandırmıştır. Gümrük Birliği ile Ankara Anlaşması’nda belirtilen son döneme geçilirken diğer yandan da Türkiye ekonomisi canlanmaya başlamıştır. Son dönemlerde Türkiye ile Topluluk arasındaki Gümrük Birliği’nin eksiklerinin olduğu ve güncellenmesi gerektiği üzerinde durulmaya başlanmış ve Dünya Bankası’na Gümrük Birliği’nin değerlendirilmesine ilişkin bir rapor hazırlatılmıştır. Bu rapor çerçevesinde Gümrük Birliği’nde bazı alanların sürece eklemlenmesiyle iki taraf arasındaki ekonomik ilişkilerin daha iyi olacağı öngörülmüştür. Ancak bu durum Topluluğun Türkiye ile tam üyelik dışında farklı bir ilişki kurmak istediğine ilişkin tartışmaları da gündeme getirmiştir. Bu bağlamda bu çalışma Gümrük Birliği’nin güncellenmesinin Türkiye-Topluluk ilişkilerinde tam üyelik dışında bir ilişkiye işaret edip etmediğini realist bir çerçeveden ele alarak analiz edecektir.
Break the chain of COVID-19 transmission: Cardiologist Perspective
Authors: Purwowiyoto Sidhi Laksono , Purwowiyoto Budhi Setianto
Published: May 2020

Indonesia is currently suffering through a pandemic outbreak of severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) known as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Every day this infection raises double, health community is fighting COVID-19 with their armamentarium and policy. Indonesian Heart Association (IHA) has already issued the statement about cardiovascular services during the outbreak of COVID-19. The policy is rescheduling non urgent outpatient visits as necessary, social distancing strategy in outpatient clinic and using personal protective equipment (PPE) in outpatient clinic or during the cardiac examination (echocardiography, cardiac CT, electrophysiology and invasive cardiology). Most of international recommendations have recommended social distancing and reschedule non urgent visits. This document gives a general information about the prevention of COVID-19 in cardiology department.
Recommendations of RAAS Blocker Use Amidst The Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Henrina Joshua , Putra Iwan Cahyo Santosa , Gunawan Hoo Felicia Hadi , Cahyadi Irvan , Suciadi Leonardo Paskah
Published: May 2020

With a rapidly growing pandemic of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), a public health emergency of international concern, the medical communities and national health systems are being tested for their preparedness. The culprit that is responsible for this viral respiratory disease, is a novel type of coronavirus, now identified as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus - 2 (SARS-CoV2). At the present time, there are gaps in the knowledge regarding the safety of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) for COVID-19 patients due to concern of ACE2, which is critical for viral entry and their levels are upregulated when using these (Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System) RAAS blockers. ACE2 is a glycoprotein metalloprotease that plays an essential role in physiologic and pathological states and it is ubiquitously found in human organs. Despite sharing homology, ACE is different from ACE2, and while the former cleaves angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2, the latter cleaves angiotensin two to angiotensin 1-7. Extrapolated from experimental animal studies, ACE2 and angiotensin 1-7 are important and protective for the lung physiology based on mice model of acute lung injury by various causes. Other evidence also demonstrates harm over benefits when stopping RAAS blockers, particularly in patients with cardiovascular disease, in which using these drugs are proven to be life-saving. In the light of the paucity of evidence derived from well-designed study, societies and colleges recommend continuing RAAS blockers until new evidence says otherwise.
Cardiovascular Implications of Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Setiani Rissa Ummy , Putra Bayushi Eka , Istisakinah Rini , Aurora Ruth Grace , Halimi Amanda
Published: May 2020

The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) that first appeared in Wuhan, China. COVID-19 was found to have significant connection with the cardiovascular system by causing complications such as myocarditis and arrhythmias. Furthermore, medications for COVID-19 have been shown to induce cardiovascular side effects. The emergence of COVID-19 spreading also raised questions on the need for modification of life support algorithms to protect vulnerable healthcare workers.
Effect of Exercise Duration Toward Heart Rate Recovery in Elderly
Authors: Mahassa Arie Ramdhiani , Akbar Mohammad Rizki , Sari Sri Yusnita Irda
Published: May 2020

Background: Age-related change in autonomic nerves covers parasympathetic function decrease that hampers heart rate (HR) control.  The effective attempt to improve autonomic nervous function for elderly is routine exercise, however exercise duration among elderly is not always standardized. This study is aimed to compare the effect of different exercise duration to post-exercise Heart Rate Recovery (HRR) between two elderly groups with the same frequency, intensity, type criteria of routine exercise.

Method: Method was cross-sectional study which compared exercise duration of standardized group (3x90 minutes/week) and unstandardized group (3x30 minutes/week). Group 1 was elders with standardized duration from Healthy Heart Club and Group 2 was elders who take unstandardized duration from Elderly Home in Bandung city. Each group consisted of 43 elders and data were collected in July-August 2019. After one hour of medium intensity exercise, all respondents were examined for resting HR (HRrest), maximum HR (HRmax), one minute post-exercise HR, and four minutes post-exercise HR. HRR was obtained by subtracting HRmax by one minute post-exercise HR and normal if  > 12 bpm. Analysis data was done by SPSS with Mann-Whitney U Test, Fisher Chi Square and Logistic regression.

Result: Most of respondents were 60-69 years old and female. Respondents in unstandardized group were more low education, hypertension and smoking. The HRrest of both groups was categorized as normal but increased greater (30x/min)  in standardized group. The result showed a significant difference in comparation of median HRR (p=0.001) and number of normal and abnormal HRR (p=0.001) between both groups. Gender, smoking and standardized duration of exercise associated with abnormality of HRR, elders who take unstandardized duration have 12.7 times risk to get abnormal HRR.

Conclusion: Routine exercise for elderly is recommended in standardized duration with minimal 150 minutes per week in order to increase post-exercise HRR.
Cardiac Patients for Non-Cardiac Surgery: Anesthetic Considerations in Patients with Permanent Pacemaker
Authors: Oktavia Eva
Published: May 2020

Permanent pacemaker (PPM) are being used in greater frequency in managing patients with electrophysiology disorders. These patients can be presented for either cardiac or non-cardiac surgery after their device implantation. They also will undergo either general or regional anesthesia to facilitate the surgical procedure. As an anesthesiologist, understanding patientsâ€™ condition, pacemaker care and safe anesthetic technique of choice are very important to provide safe patient management.  Therefore, this literature reviewed and summarized a systematic approach which can be followed in managing these patients.

Various approach and guidelines have been discussed in the literature on how to manage patients with PPM who will undergo anesthesia. In this literature, the American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) standard was used as a framework for managing patients with PPM. Meanwhile, the decision of anesthesia technique that being chosen should be based on patientsâ€™ clinical condition, the surgical procedure itself, the duration of surgery, and the convenience of the surgeon.

Overall, patients with PPM require special attention in perioperative management. Both anticipations of the patientâ€™s condition and the performance of PPM must always be considered to provide safe anesthesia practice.
Gangguan Kardiovaskular pada infeksi COVID 19
Authors: Hasanah Dian Yaniarti , Nauli Siti Elkana , Prima Putri Vebiona Kartini , Arifianto Habibie , Suryana Nana Maya , Suryani Lita Dwi , Aditya Wahyu , Probodewi Paskariatne
Published: May 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) yang dikenal dengan COVID-19 adalah penyakit yang baru dan telah menyebar dengan cepat dari Wuhan (provinsi Hubei) ke provinsi lain di Cina dan seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Secara umum, COVID-19 adalah penyakit akut yang bisa sembuh tetapi juga mematikan, dengan case fatality rate (CFR) sebesar 4%. Spektrum klinis pneumonia COVID-19 berkisar dari kondisi ringan sampai dengan berat. COVID 19 diduga memiliki risiko potensiasi proses patofisiologi terhadap timbulnya komplikasi kardiak, dan telah diketahui bahwa mekanisme penyakit kardiovaskular serupa dengan mekanisme jalur imunologi. Penyakit kardiovaskular adalah komorbid terbanyak pada pasien COVID 19, SARS, dan MERS. Prevalensi diabetes mellitus (DM) dan penyakit kardiovaskular pada SARS adalah 11% dan 8% dan membawa angka kematian meningkat 2 kali lipat. Pada kasus COVID 19, komorbid penyakit kardiovaskular lebih banyak menunjukkan kasus yang berat. Bagaimana mekanisme komorbid ini memperburuk keluaran pasien masih tidak jelas, namun beberapa hipotesisnya antara lain usia lanjut, gangguan sistem imun, peningkatan kadar ACE2 atau mungkin ada hubungan antara COVID 19 dengan penyakit kardiovaskular. Tinjauan pustaka ini akan menjelaskan berbagai gangguan kardiovaskular yang mungkin terjadi pada infeksi COVID 19 secara lebih mendalam.
Criticism of D.B Volkov’s Teleofunctional Solution to the Problem of Mental Causation
Authors: Kuznetsov Anton V.
Published: May 2020

The articles examines the teleofunctional solution to the problem of mental causation, presented by Dmitry Volkov in his recently published book Free Will. An Illusion or an Opportunity. D.B. Volkov proposes solutions to three big metaphysical problems – mental causation, personal identity, and free will. Solving the first problem, Volkov creatively combines the advantages of Dennett’s teleofunctional model and Vasilyev’s local interactionism. Volkov’s teleofunctional model of mental causation seeks to prove the causal relevance of mental properties as non-local higher order properties. In my view, its substantiation is based on three points: (a) critics of the exclusion problem and Kim’s model of mental causation, (b) “Library of first editions” argument, (c) reduction of the causal trajectories argument (CTA 1) by Vasilyev to the counterpart argument (CTA 2) by Volkov. Each of these points faces objections. Kim’s criticism is based on an implicit confusion of two types of reduction – reduction from supervenience and from multiple realizability. The latter type does not threaten Kim’s ideas, but Volkov uses this very type in his criticism. The “Library of first editions” argument does not achieve its goal due to compositional features and because non-local relational properties are a type of external properties that cannot be causally relevant. The reduction of CTA 1 to CTA 2 is unsuccessful since, in the case of this reduction, important features of CTA 1 are lost – these are local mental properties, due to which the influence of non-local physical factors occurs. My main objection is that the concept of causally relevant non-local properties is incompatible with the very concept of cause. The set of causally relevant properties of cause can only be local.
Clausewitz, War, and Meaning Formation: Raymond Aron’s Experience of Philosophical Reflection
Authors: Belozerov Vasily K.
Published: May 2020

The article studies the influence of the ideological heritage of the Prussian war theorist Carl von Clausewitz on the works, worldview, and political views of the French researcher Raymond Aron. For a long time, in France the value and relevance of Clausewitz’s theory of war was acknowledged only in the light of specialized military issues. Aron was one of the first in the country to recognize the value and methodological potential of Clausewitz’s political philosophy of war for the understanding of the preparation and usage of military force, maintenance of national and international security, and Aron made efforts to popularize the Prussian theorist’s doctrine. The analysis of Aron’s works, in which he appeals to Clausewitz and the theory of war, has revealed the evolution that occurred in attitude towards the ideological heritage of the Prussian philosopher. Clausewitz’s works, which were primarily a source of citation for Aron at first, turned into the methodological framework for a philosophical conceptualization of war and international relations, in particular in the nuclear era. Based on the results of a thorough study of Clausewitz’s works and a deep reflection on his legacy, Aron in his later years wrote a two-volume work about him, seeing the Prussian thinker primarily as a political philosopher of war. An important reason for the interest of the French scholar was the personality and biography of Clausewitz himself: his character, relations with authorities, political position, acceptance by contemporaries, and the fate of his doctrine. In this regard, Aron’s understanding of Clausewitz is emotionally loaded, and the book about him significantly differs from Aron’s other works by the author’s personal attitude. The comprehension of Clausewitz and his ideological heritage encouraged Aron’s self-reflection and change of self-identification, a better understanding of the military culture of Germany and France. The article concludes on the importance of further conceptualization and development of the scientific legacy of Clausewitz and Aron.
Humanitarian Terrorism as a Higher and Last Stage of Asymmetric War
Authors: Kashnikov Boris N.
Published: May 2020

The articles reviews the problem of humanitarian terrorism that is a terrorism of self-proclaimed humanitarian goals and self-inflicted constraints. This type of terrorism justifies itself by lofty aspirations and claims that its actions are targeted killings of guilty individuals only. This terrorism is the product of the Enlightenment, it emerged by the end of the 18th century and passed three stages in its development. The first stage is the classical terror of the Jacobins 1793–1794. The second one is Russian revolutionary terror of the end of the 19th – early 20th centuries. The third stage is the contemporary American warfare waged by the unmanned aerial vehicles, called drones. From the perspective of the contemporary just war theory, this terrorism is not only morally superior to the ordinary primitive terrorism of straightforward attacks on civilians (this terrorism may be no less fair in terms of self-imposed goals, but is doubtful in terms of means), but even contemporary war. Terrorists of this type kill the few but teach a lesson to many. But it must be clearly born in mind that humanitarian terrorism is not only the summit of just war but also the summit of absolute war. It is founded in personal and individual enmity, which makes the core of absolute enmity. Absolute enmity may at times be inevitable and even justified, but it blocks the road to peace. Revengeful spite, stemming from absolute enmity, is capable of creating its own phantoms of justice, propelling the war. The author concludes that the vicious circle is thus completed. The logic of just war drags in the direction humanitarian terrorism, humanitarian terrorism drags in the mire of absolute enmity. Absolute enmity proclaims just war.
Kantian Project of Perpetual Peace in the Context of Modern Ethical and Political Concepts of War
Authors: Kumankov Arseniy D.
Published: May 2020

The article considers the modern meaning of Kant’s doctrine of war. The author examines the context and content of the key provisions of Kant’s concept of perpetual peace. The author also reviews the ideological affinity between Kant and previous authors who proposed to build alliances of states as a means of preventing wars. It is noted that the French revolution and the wars caused by it, the peace treaty between France and Prussia served as the historical background for the conceptualization of Kant’s project. In the second half of the 20th century, there is a growing attention to Kant’s ethical and political philosophy. Theorists of a wide variety of political and ethical schools, (cosmopolitanism, internationalism, and liberalism) pay attention to Kant’s legacy and relate their own concepts to it. Kant’s idea of war is reconsidered by Michael Doyle, Jürgen Habermas, Ulrich Beck, Mary Kaldor, Brian Orend. Thus, Doyle tracks democratic peace theory back to Kant’s idea of the spread of republicanism. According to democratic peace theory, liberal democracies do not solve conflict among themselves by non-military methods. Habermas, Beck, Kaldor appreciate Kant as a key proponent of cosmopolitanism. For them, Kant’s project is important due to notion of supranational forms of cooperation. They share an understanding that peace will be promoted by an allied authority, which will be “governing without government” and will take responsibility for the functioning of the principles of pacification of international relations. Orend’s proves that Kant should be considered as a proponent of the just war theory. In addition, Orend develops a new area in just war theory – the concept of ius post bellum – and justifies regime change as the goal of just war.
A ELASTICIDADE DE TRANSMISSÃO DE PREÇOS ENTRE OS ELOS DE MERCADO: Produtor, atacado e varejo na comercialização da carne bovina no período de 1997 a 2013
Authors: Vieira Anderson Nunes de Carvalho , Sartori Andrey , Moraes Fabrício César de , Siqueira Rosicley Nicolao de
Published: May 2020

O agronegócio brasileiro contribui essencialmente para o desenvolvimento econômico do país. Inserida nesse complexo está a cadeia de carne bovina com um percentual significativo para as exportações brasileiras impulsionando a economia através de sua participação no consumo interno de alimentos. Neste trabalho, analisa-se a elasticidade de transmissão de preços entre os elos de mercado, na cadeia da carne bovina. O modelo proposto foi implementado utilizando-se teste de raiz unitário de Dickey-Fuller Aumentado (ADF), teste de cointegração de Johansen e método de Vetor Auto Regressivo (VAR) e Vetor de Correção de Erros (VEC), Decomposição da Variância e finaliza-se com a função de impulso resposta com o choque de 1% nos elos dentro das cadeias estudadas. Os dados analisados são referentes aos preços da carne de boi praticados no atacado, no varejo e ao produtor, entre julho de 1997 e dezembro de 2013. Observa-se, de acordo com os resultados encontrados, que o atacado é o principal responsável pela transmissão de preços entre os demais elos, ou seja, choques de preço ocorridos no atacado são transmitidos de forma significativa para o produtor e o varejo.
REMUNERAÇÃO DE EXECUTIVOS: Uma análise da produção científica internacional de 2006 a 2015
Authors: De Souza Roberto Francisco , Defaveri Ivan Rafael , Dal Vesco Delci Grapegia
Published: May 2020

Esta pesquisa aborda a produção cientifica sobre remuneração executiva no período de 2006 a 2015. Tem como objetivo investigar a produção científica permanente sobre remuneração de executivos, disponíveis na base de dados internacional Scopus. Para o estudo e para a interpretação dos dados, utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo fundamentada em Bardin. Foram analisados os títulos de 571 artigos, considerando o termo “executive compensation”. Verificou-se que o tema é frequentemente discutido no cenário internacional. Há concentração de pesquisas em países desenvolvidos, destacando-se os EUA, UK, e em desenvolvimento, com destaque para a China. A literatura de governança corporativa é a mais recorrente nas pesquisas relacionadas a remuneração de executivos, seguida pela literatura de desempenho e teoria da agência. Predomina a metodologia quantitativa com o uso de técnicas estatísticas e modelagem econométrica.
Advisor Based Modelling of Regenerative Braking Performance of Electric Vehicles at Different Road Slopes
Authors: KUNT Mehmet Akif
Published: May 2020

In this study, an electrical vehicle model, which has 75kW AC asynchronous engine and 25kW NiCad batteries, has been composed by means of (ADVISOR-Advanced Vehicle Simulator) programme. During the driving cycle formed for the designed electrical vehicle, charging state of batteries, braking losses, battery temperatures and fuel consumption have been analysed at different road slopes. The study has shown that power to batteries is provided by regenerative braking at all slopes and if the slope is downside, more energy is stored into batteries due to regenerative braking. In simulation of the modelled device, maximum brake power loss of 4.43 kW has decreased at road slope of ∝=-%1.5 by means of regenerative recovery. At road slope of α=-4.5, the highest charging level has been obtained as 99.1%.
JOGOS INTERESCOLARES DO MUNICÍPIO DE ARIQUEMES - RO (JIEMA):
Authors: Lopes Farias Wiliam , Siloé Ben Silva Caleb , Cavalcante Edson Rodrigues , De Lucas Xavier Martins Yuri
Published: May 2020

As competições escolares movimentam milhares de jovens em todos os lugares do Brasil e do mundo. Leva-se em consideração a necessidade de explorar um campo não estudado na cidade de Ariquemes – RO, com objetivo de prover melhorias na forma em que são conduzidas as competições e as destinações de recursos públicos, além de possibilitar novas discussões acerca das metodologias que são empregadas nas competições escolares e na prática de ensino das modalidades esportivas. Frente a isso, o objetivo principal deste trabalho foi investigar quais as prevalências de participação nas modalidades esportivas do JIEMA. Foram utilizados como base para a pesquisa de campo, os próprios registros da Secretária Municipal de Educação. Foi utilizada estatística descritiva em forma de percentagem para ilustração das prevalências. Quanto aos resultados, foi demonstrado que o futebol e o futsal são as modalidades que apresentam maiores índices de participação. O Taewkondo apresenta os menores índices, o que contrasta com outra modalidade esportiva de combate, o Judô, que apresentou índices de participações maiores que algumas modalidades coletivas como o handebol e o basquete. No geral, apesar da redução de aderência em algumas modalidades, o JIEMA apresenta uma crescente na participação de atletas a cada ano que passa.
CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICAS, QUÍMICAS E FÍSICO-QUÍMICAS DE CALCÁRIO EXTRAIDO DO SULDOESTE DA REGIÃO AMAZÔNICA
Authors: Pivotto Solange Aparecida Camargo , Poletto Bruno de Oliveira , Brondani Filomena Maria Minetto , Dos Santos Cruz Andressa , Souza Jhonattas Muniz de
Published: May 2020

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo, analisar a concentração de cálcio, magnésio, Poder de Neutralização, Reatividade e Poder Relativo de Neutralização Total em calcário da região Norte. Foram determinados os teores totais de óxidos de cálcio (CaO) e magnésio (MgO) por volumetria utilizando o EDTA (ácido etilenodiaminotetracético) como agente complexante, solução tampão em pH = 10, e como indicador complexométrico, o corante orgânico Negro de eriocromo T. As análises foram realizadas em dez amostras de calcários, em que cada amostra corresponde a jazidas distintas. As amostras encontram-se dentro dos parâmetros que as classificam como calcário. Na classificação pelo teor de MgO, constatou-se que, das dez amostras analisadas, todas podem ser classificadas como calcário dolomítico, além de apresentar as quantidades mínimas de PRNT admitidas pela legislação.