bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Activities of the Ufa Local Branch of the Russian Red Cross Society during the First World War
Authors: Kantimirova R. I. , Pavlova O. S.
Published: December 2020

The main directions of activity of the Ufa local branch of the Russian Red Cross Society during the First World War are considered. It is described that during wartime an important event was the organization by the Ufa local branch of an extensive collection of donations in order to create infirmaries for the wounded. In addition, feasible material assistance was provided in the form of one-time benefits to the wounded and injured soldiers. The study of materials from the reviews of the Ufa province showed that the Ufa local branch organized and sent stage infirmaries to the army. It is noted that special courses to work in them, which successfully trained the staff of sisters of mercy, were created. It is reported that many of them were presented with awards for their selfless and valiant work. The study of all-Russian and regional statistical materials made it possible to conclude that at the initial stage of the war, the fund of the Ufa local branch of the Russian Red Cross Society received significant financial allocations on the basis of public charity, which were used to solve the necessary wartime tasks. It is emphasized that by 1917, amid the growing crisis, the amount of donations significantly decreased, which significantly complicated the further activities of the Society both on a national scale and at the regional level.
Entry of the Russian Embassy to Isfahan and Diplomatic Receptions in the Safavid State (according to the Memoirs of John Bell)
Authors: Kondratiev S. V.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the ceremonial ritual diplomatic practices adopted at the Persian Safavid court during the reign of Shah Sultan Hussein (1694-1722), described by the Scottish physician John Bell, who was a member of the Russian embassy of Artemy Volynsky in Isfahan (1717). It is noted that John Bell, with varying degrees of detail, captured the order of entry of foreign diplomatic missions to Isfahan, the movement along the streets of the capital and the consistent structure of the entry of the Russian embassy. The fact that there was an elaborate ceremony and etiquette for receiving foreign embassies in Safavid Persia is shown in the article. The author believes that the capital of Isfahan itself, its suburbs, the main Shah’s residence Talar-i Tawila, and the Shah’s country residences acted as the ceremonial space. It has been proven that the Safavid ceremony involved a magnificent meeting of the embassy at the entrance to the capital, her escort to the place of accommodation, a solemn entry into the capital, a reception with the Shah with the presentation of credentials and a meal. A comparative analysis of the receptions of the shah and high-ranking officials, differing in their degree of representativeness, led to the conclusion that the shah’s receptions were exclusively ceremonial, while important political issues could be discussed at receptions of high-ranking officials. It is noted that the receptions of senior officials could surpass the receptions of the shah with pomp.
Formation of the Cultural Code of a Generation: Keywords of Poetic Texts in Elementary School (Russian Empire — USSR)
Authors: Afanasyeva N. A. , Afanasyeva L. P.
Published: December 2020

The question of the possibility of analyzing texts to identify their axiological content based on keywords is considered. It is argued that linguistic units characterized by high frequency denote axiologically important concepts and form cultural attitudes in the reader. The characteristic features of the common cultural code for the nation and its unique features in a particular era are determined. The poetic texts of anthologies on literature of the 19th — early 20th centuries that have survived many editions, as well as textbooks of the 1930 — 1940s and 1970-1980s for primary school are analyzed. The research showed that the keywords of the lexical-semantic groups “Nature” (forest, land, field, sea) became common for the poetic texts studied in the elementary grades; “Light” (light, sun, day), “People” (person, child, people, country); that is, these are the words that are leading in the formation of the cultural code of the Russian people of the XIX—XX centuries. The “key words of the era” for the Russian Empire are the words soul, tsar, god; for the 1920s — labor; 1930s — song, Stalin; 1970s — mother, spring. The relevance of the study lies in its focus on identifying the basic concepts, meanings and values that form the cultural code of the nation, as well as on describing the dynamics of the cultural code in different historical eras.
Proclamation of the PRC: Reaction of the American Press
Authors: Levin Ya. A.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the reaction of the American press to such an important historical event as the founding of the People’s Republic of China. The emergence of a new communist state in the East was a great shock and blow to the foreign policy ambitions of the United States, which developed in the logic of a global confrontation with the Soviet Union. China, rich in resources since the end of the 19th century, has been the scene of a constant clash of interests of various states, as a result, on the eve and, especially, after World War II, the two main political forces operating in this territory — the Communist Party of China (CCP) and the nationalist party Kuomintang — found themselves powerful patrons in the form of the USSR and the USA. The topic of the reaction of the American press to the actual failure or, as he later said, was dubbed by numerous experts and publicists who wrote about China — the “loss of China” is an interesting marker of how socio-political thought developed in the American media. American journalists are trying to predict the political consequences of the “loss”, to level the image damage caused to the population by Washington’s foreign policy, to convey the facts and at the same time assess the situation in the region. The study of US press articles will make it possible to better understand the development of American ideas about China and its place in the new paradigm of international relations, to better explore the level of media awareness of this region and the impact that ideas and assessments broadcast by journalists had on society, as well as generally to better understand the initial reaction of American society to the founding of the PRC. Many of the ideas formed at that time remain today an important component of the discursive practices of US public and political life, especially taking into account the complex relations between modern China and the United States.
Evolution of “Academic Sector” of Soviet Historical Science in 1920s—1960s.
Authors: Metel O. V.
Published: December 2020

The evolution of the “academic sector” of Soviet historical science is analyzed, the process of its formation and subsequent development is considered. The relevance of the study is due to the methodological searches of modern historiography, focused on the study of the internal mechanisms of the development of the research tradition. The author identifies the main stages of building the organizational structure of the Soviet academic historical science, relying on a wide range of published and previously not introduced into circulation of archival documents, as well as taking into account the latest developments of modern historiographers. The author believes that the model of organizing historical research within the framework of the USSR Academy of Sciences was formed under the influence of the pre-revolutionary tradition and institutional “experiments” of the first years of Soviet power. In the course of the study, the author came to the conclusion that the first stage of the formation of the “academic sector” of Soviet historiography fell on the 1930s and was associated with the formation of the “academic center” — the Moscow institutes of the Department of History and Philosophy of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, the second stage of this process ended in 1950s and assumed the formation of “academic periphery” — institutions of the historical profile of branches, bases and departments of the USSR Academy of Sciences and republican academies of sciences. The author believes that the formation of the “academic sector” took place under the influence of external (political-ideological) and internal (scientific) factors.
Conferences of Minister Presidents of the German States in 1945—1947 as a Prerequisite for the Formation of the Federal Republic of Germany
Authors: Popov I. D.
Published: December 2020

The formation of the Minister Presidents of the German states conferences institution after the end of World War II until the end of 1947 is traced. For the fi time in Russian and post-Soviet historiography, the importance of interzonal meetings of heads of regional governments for the political development of Germany in the fi post-war years is shown. The results of the conferences in Stuttgart (February 6, April 3, 1946), Bremen (February 28 — March 1, 1946), Munich (June 6—7, 1947) and Wiesbaden (February 17, June 15—16, October 22, 1947 of the year) are considered. It is concluded that the experience of these meetings and, at the same time, the weak effectiveness of the inter-party dialogue persuaded the Western allies in December 1947 to choose the conference of Minister Presidents as the main negotiating platform with German politicians on the future constitution of West Germany. On the basis of published and archival documentary sources, the transformation of the conferences of Minister Presidents from consultative appendages of military administrations into an infl political structure claiming national representation is shown. At the same time, this infl according to the author of the article, was subject to serious restrictions from not only military administrations, but also party leaders.
Correspondence of Front-Line Soldiers with Tyumen Residents as a Source on the History of Everyday Life during the Great Patriotic War (1941—1945).
Authors: Skipina I. V. , Dubnitskaya E. I.
Published: December 2020

The 1941—1945 correspondence between servicemen and fellow countrymen, kept in the State Archives of the Tyumen Region is examined in the article. Letters are considered as documents with high information potential, giving new knowledge about the war, obtained on the basis of studying the communications of ordinary participants in the events. The purpose of the publication is to show letters from the front as a source on the history of everyday life, filled with communication of close people on issues important to them, allowing them to reconstruct their life activities, analyze the experience of the past, and use the results of research in modern reality. Correspondence allows us to consider military everyday life as part of big politics and as a personal experience, to expand the source component of the discourse on the history of the Great Patriotic War, contributing to a scientific assessment of the experience and understanding of its historical significance. It is proved that collective and personal letters, appeals “to power” testify that the war, having become a time of difficult trials, stimulated the formation of an identity characterized by the unity of the state and society with the prevalence of socially significant values over individual ones.
Reform of the Zemstvo Representation: Development and Adjustment of P. A. Stolypin Project in 1906—1907.
Authors: Sorokin A. A.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the little-studied issue of the development and adjustment of the reform provisions of the zemstvo representation of P.A. Stolypin in 1906—1907. The main programmatic requirements of liberal circles to change the procedure for elections to zemstvo assemblies, developed by zemstvo assemblies, zemstvo congresses, as well as local committees of the Special Meeting on the needs of the agricultural industry. For the first time, on the materials of the Russian State Historical Archive, the evolution of the provisions of the draft and their criticism in the Council of Ministers, as well as at the Congress of the United Nobility in 1907, is shown. It is emphasized that the development of the reform was a consequence of the Manifesto adopted in 1903 and 1904 and the decree on the need to transform local government and self-government. The author states that initially P. A. Stolypin sought to increase the share of representatives from cities and commercial and industrialists in zemstvo assemblies, however, at the insistence of the Council of Ministers, he was forced to retain the majority for landowners. The criticism of the united nobility in relation to the reform in connection with the expansion of the circle of voters and the organization of elections at the beginning of the non-class is highlighted in the article. It is concluded that the transformation of elections into zemstvo assemblies, planned by P. A. Stolypin was aimed at involving broad strata of the population in the representative institutions of local self-government at the expense of an unclassified beginning and the organization of elections based on a tax qualification.
Women Workers of St. Petersburg in the Late 19th — early 20th Centuries
Authors: Tropov I. A. , Fedkin A. V. , Konkin A. A.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of the conditions of labor activity, as well as the peculiarities of family life and everyday life of women employed at the enterprises of the factory industry of St. Petersburg in the late 19th — early 20th centuries. At the present stage of development of Russia, there is still a high proportion of female labor in industry, which determines the relevance of the problem under study in order to take into account the historical experience in regulating the complex sphere of labor relations. The question of the main factors in the formation of the female labor force in St. Petersburg during the post-reform period is raised in the article. The industries in which female labor was most widely represented are identified. Issues related to the peculiarities of the professional activity of female workers (working conditions, level of wages, problems of social protection, etc.) are discussed in detail. The circumstances of private, personal life are analyzed, the influence of material factors in the life of workers on the family life is revealed. It is concluded that the contradictions between the new status of a woman, who is able to independently determine her own fate, and the preservation of her unequal position in society, led to the wide participation of women workers in the political life of St. Petersburg during the First World War and the 1917 revolution.
Verbalization of Bacchic Actions in the Artistic World of Fyodor Abramov
Authors: Dimitrieva O. A.
Published: December 2020

The features of verbalization of Bacchic actions in the works of Fyodor Abramov (tetralogy “Brothers and Sisters”, novels “Pelageya”, “Alka”, “Mamonikha”, “Wooden Horses” and stories) are considered. The linguistic means of the individual author’s interpretation of the “Wine Drinking” sphere as a fragment of the semantic field of a literary text are analyzed. Bacchic action from the point of view of manifestation of one or another cultural semantics in it (according to M. L. Kovshova): utilitarian, functional, aesthetic, social hierarchical, ideological and spiritual is studied. It is noted that in the artistic world of Abramov, the utilitarian and functional aspects generally correspond to the general cultural ones, reflected in the paremias. It was revealed that the social-hierarchical cultural layer has its own specificity, which manifests itself in two oppositions: “village — city”, “collective farmer-peasant — rural intellectuals”. The author notes that the ideological and spiritual component in understanding the situation of wine drinking is associated with the expression of the author’s attitude, his worldview through the prism of the character’s opinion. It is concluded that the verbalization of Bacchic action is distinguished by figurative interpretation, the attraction of components from various spheres: the use of expressions containing somatisms, animalisms, perceptual vocabulary, verbs of physical impact, etc. When analyzing the social component of some Bacchic expressions, it is noted that the objects of wine drinking (vessels) are interpreted as subjects of interpersonal relationships.
Hodonymy of Chengdu and Yekaterinburg: a Comparative Aspect
Authors: Ivanova E. E. , Lan Ling
Published: December 2020

The nominative types and models of the hodonyms of Chengdu and Yekaterinburg is compared in the article, the task of finding universals in the hodonymy is set. There are three main types of hodonyms: descriptive, memorial, and conventionally symbolic. Comparative analysis has shown that the descriptive type can be recognized as universal, since it most fully reflects the main function of the hodonyms: an indication of the location of the object and its characteristics. The authors note that this is the most ancient type for the spontaneously forming hodonymicon of any city. It has been proved that in Yekaterinburg in the Soviet era, descriptive hodonyms are supplanted by memorial ones, these are, first of all, names — dedications to memorable dates and milestones in national history, to specific persons associated with the history of the country and the city. It has been established that descriptive names remain the most widespread in Chengdu, and conventionally symbolic type hodonyms are also popular, among which names, including traditional symbols of Chinese culture, good wishes, as well as abstract concepts expressing various positive qualities predominate. It is emphasized in the article that the hodonyms of the memorial and conditionally symbolic type in Chengdu and Yekaterinburg are fundamentally different, being a reflection of the history and culture of their countries
Translation of Complex Occasionalisms in Modern English Novels
Authors: Lartseva E. V. , Gafurova Yu. R.
Published: December 2020

Composite occasionalism is understood as a new formation, which is based on a syntactic complex acting as a multicomponent unity and characterized by a hyphenated connection of elements (for example, how-to-win-that-job articles, last-Friday-before-a-vacation feeling). The ways of translating complex occasionalisms in modern English-language novels into Russian are discussed in the article. The results of a comparative analysis on the material of five novels and their Russian translations are presented: “White Teeth” by Z. Smith (2000) — “Belye zuby” (translated by O. L. Kachanova, M. A. Melnichenko, 2005), “About beauty” by Z. Smith (2005) — “O krasote” (translated by O. L. Kachanova, A. N. Vlasova, 2010), “Do you know how to keep secrets?” by S. Kinsella (2003) — “A ty umeesh khranit’ sekrety?” (translated by T. A. Pertseva, 2019), “Love, Rosie” by S. Ahern (2005) — “Ne veryu. Ne nadeyus’. Lyublyu” [“I don’t believe. I hope not. I love”] (translated by V. I. Lavronenko, 2009) and “Juliet, Naked” by N. Hornby (2009) — “Golaya Dzhulyetta” (translated by Yu. A. Balayan, 2010). The following translation techniques were reviewed: descriptive translation with the loss of lexical “condensation”, calquing, replacement of a complex occasional unit in one word, graphic-punctuation transfer, omission of the occasional unit in the translation text or its incomplete transfer.
Implication Techniques for ConstImplication techniques for constructing texts of modern youth media through the prism of rhetorical traditionructing Texts of Modern Youth Media through the Prism of Rhetorical Tradition
Authors: Murzina O. V.
Published: December 2020

The principles of text construction and infl on the youth audience of modern mass media are considered on the example of the radio station “New Radio”. The question is raised about the relevance of the use in the modern virtual space of the classical technology of text generation, based on Greco-Roman rhetoric. The results of a comparative analysis of the technology of generating a text in the periods of antiquity and the revival of this technology in the “new rhetoric” of the second half of the twentieth century is presented in the article. The relevance of the study is due to the observed diversifi of the media, which is becoming more prominent in youth media: the distribution of content on social networks allows each media to become more specialized and coordinate content with the needs of the target audience. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that the author considers the content of modern media as a corpus of entimematic argumentation, which allows one to deduce the large premises of the syllogism eliminated into implication. The novelty of the research is in the fact that the author considers the content of modern media as a corpus of entimematic argumentation, which allows one to deduce the large premises of the syllogism eliminated into implication. Particular attention is paid to the axiology of a set of enthymemes that the target audience can potentially restore.
THE AMARANTH SEEDS AS A SOURCE OF NUTRIENTS AND BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN HUMAN DIET
Authors: Skwaryło-Bednarz Barbara , Stępniak Patrycja Maria , Jamiołkowska Agnieszka , Kopacki Marek , Krzepiłko Anna , Klikocka Hanna
Published: December 2020

Amaranth is one of the oldest arable crop in the world. It was brought to Europe around the 17th century, but as an ornamental plant. It was not until the 1970s, after thorough examination of the chemical composition of amaranth seeds, that in effect of which the nutritional value of this plant was rediscovered and recognized. Since then, there has been increased interest in amaranth as a ‘plant with a future’. A great deal of scientific research has been carried out, leading to recognition of its nutritional, ecological, agricultural and health-promoting values (especially for the prevention and treatment of diseases of the cardiovascular, nervous and digestive systems). Among cultivated amaranths species Amaranthus caudatus, Amaranthus cruentus and Amaranthus hypochondriacus have the highest nutritional value. However, differences in the nutrient content are also noticeable between these species. One of the attributes of this plant is the high content of highly digestible complete protein and the presence of all essential amino acids in the seeds. The seeds also contain large amounts of gluten-free starch with a small grain diameter, fibre, vitamins and minerals. Furthermore, they have a high fat content compared to cereal grains. Amaranth oil consists mainly of unsaturated fatty acids (oleic, linoleic and linolenic). Some of the unsaturated fatty acids, such as linolenic acid, are exogenous fatty acids, essential for the human body. Valuable components of the fatty acid fraction include squalene, tocopherols and tocotrienols. These compounds are particularly valuable due to their antioxidant properties.
Antioxidant activity and cytotoxic effect of Chilean Buddleja globosa (Matico) and Ribes magellanicum (Zarzaparrilla) flower extracts
Authors: Zamorano-Aguilar Pedro , Morales Marcela , Rivillas Yudrum , López Juan , Rojano Benjamín A.
Published: December 2020

The native Chilean shrubs Buddleja globosa (Matico) and Ribes magellanicum (Zarzaparrilla) are used widely at a rural level, due to their medicinal properties. Nevertheless, little is known about their secondary metabolites and cytotoxic effect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the content of different compounds like catechin, epicatechin, p-coumaric acid and the antioxidant capacity by ABTS, ORAC, FRAP and DPPH methods. In addition, the cytotoxic activity of both extracts was evaluated against Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cell lines by MTT and neutral red assays. The results suggest that the most abundant constituent in Budleja globosa and Ribes magellanicum were catechin (682.43 mg/100 g DW) and epicatechin (3362.08 mg/100 g DW) respectively; while the ORAC methodology showed an elevated antioxidant activity for Matico (134147.31 μmol Trolox Eq/100 g DW). On the other hand, both extracts at the assayed concentrations affect the membrane stability and cellular metabolic capacity of the CHO-K1 cell lines. These finding provide a direction for further researches, and suggest the Matico and Zarzaparrilla flower extracts as promising sources of antioxidants, and as research objects through the analyze of their metabolic behavior and antitumoral potential.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF BORAGE (Borago officinalis L.) SEEDS
Authors: BOROWY ANDRZEJ , KAPŁAN MAGDALENA
Published: December 2020

Recently the interest in borage seeds (mericarps) as an important source of γ-linolenic acid and a good natural antioxidant has increased, yet the knowledge about these properties of seeds developed by borage grown in Poland remains very scanty. Seeds collected from borage plants cultivated in the south-eastern region of Poland in the years 2017 and 2018 were characterized by following parameters: length – 5.0 mm, width – 2.7–2.8 mm, thickness 2.2 mm, weight of 1000 seeds – 17.2-19.4 g. The seeds contained 93.7% of dry matter, and in this 32.0% of lipids, 23.7% of protein and 1.1–1.8% of total sugars on average. Seventeen compounds were identified in the lipids with linoleic acid (35.1%), oleic + elaidic acids (20.8%), γ-linolenic acid (17.9%), palmitic acid (11.4%), stearic acid (5.3%), cis 11-eicosenoic acid (4.1%), and erucic acid (2.6%) as major ones. Other fatty acids constituted less than 2%. Saturated fatty acids constituted 17.5% of the total fatty acids. Flavonoids and phenolic acids accounted for 0.012% and 1.60–1.73% of seeds dry weight respectively. Antioxidant activity measured by FRAP assay and Folin – Ciocalteau method accounted for 1225 µmol of ferrous equivalent Fe (II) and 29.7 mg of polyphenols per gram of seeds dry weight respectively. Using antiradical activity against DPPH radical following average parameters were obtained: T 50% – 49 sec., DPPH rem % – 73.7, AE – 0.024 dm3∙(µmol∙s)–1. 100 g of seeds d.w. contained 0.27–0.34 ml of essential oil. Content of four macroelements expressed as % of seeds d. w. was following: P – 0.70, K – 0.48, Ca – 1.37 and Mg – 0.41.
Processos de formação e prática docente na educação de jovens e adultos
Authors: Blazich Gladys , Lorenzatti Maria del Carmen
Published: December 2020

Este artigo apresenta os avanços de uma investigação que estuda a construção da prática de uma professora de jovens e adultos no Chaco (Argentina). Este trabalho enfoca os processos formativos do professor e a relação com sua prática. É uma investigação qualitativa, com estudo de caso. Foi realizada análise da documentação oficial; observações de aulas e outras atividades com os alunos; e entrevistas em profundidade com gerentes e professores. É apresentado o contexto político da formação de professores para a modalidade; uma análise dos processos formativos de Sara em sua prática diária; por fim, traçam-se algumas opiniões sobre a relação entre a formação e a prática docente. Os processos formativos localizados no contexto são reconhecidos.
Docência na educação profissional: um olhar sobre o reconhecimento e validação dos saberes experienciais
Authors: Bender Rodrigo Ademar , Sant'Anna Sita Mara Lopes
Published: December 2020

Neste artigo, problematizam-se questões ligadas à docência na Educação Profissional, conjugadas ao reconhecimento dos saberes experienciais que os sujeitos jovens, adultos e idosos trazem consigo. Efetiva-se pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva. Apresenta-se um apanhado bibliográfico dos conceitos de base, e debatem-se perspectivas possíveis do arcabouço teórico-metodológico da Análise de Discurso de Linha Francesa de Michel Pêcheux (1993) para o corpus analítico. Como resultados se destaca que a tensão do reconhecimento e validação dos saberes experienciais apontados nos discursos remonta a memórias impregnadas de historicidade e trabalha a ideologia como materialmente relacionada às práticas docentes, orientando reflexões finais sobre o papel docente.
Narrativas de vida sobre a escolarização dos idosos: contribuições na formação inicial dos professores
Authors: Geremias Bethania Medeiros , Borges Thayná Luana
Published: December 2020

Neste relato de experiência, analisamos duas narrativas de vida de idosos, produzidas por estudantes de Pedagogia, da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, em 2017, na disciplina Educação na Terceira Idade. Para tanto, nos referenciamos em Daniel Bertaux, que utiliza o recurso da entrevista como estratégia de construção de histórias de vida. Nosso objetivo foi compreender os caminhos trilhados pelos sujeitos entrevistados no processo de escolarização e as contingências que os impediram de frequentar a escola no decorrer da vida. Dentre os obstáculos identificados, destacamos aqueles relativos aos estereótipos de gênero, que se materializam nas escolhas profissionais, reforçando a desigualdade no campo do trabalho e nas instâncias formativas.
Girişimcilik ve Yenilikçilik Faaliyetleri Odağında Türkiye’deki Üniversitelerin Etkinlik Analizi
Authors: SAYGIN KARAGÖZ Özge , DEVECİ KOCAKOÇ İpek , ÜÇDOĞRUK Şenay
Published: December 2020

Günümüzde bilgi transferinin temel ve en önemli lokomotiflerinden biri olan yükseköğretim kurumlarında verimlilik, etkinlik ve etkililik konuları yenilikçi stratejilerin kurgulanmasında politika yapıcılar ve yükseköğretim profesyonelleri için büyük önem arz etmektedir. Çalışmanın konusu üniversitelerin üçüncü rollerinden biri olarak değerlendirilen girişimcilik ve yenilikçilik faaliyetleri odağında üniversitelerin etkinliklerinin ölçülmesi üzerinedir. Çalışmanın amacı 2011–2016 yıllarına ait veriye dayanarak, TÜBİTAK tarafından yayınlanan "Girişimci ve Yenilikçi Üniversite Endeksi (GYUE)"nde 2012–2017 yılları arasında ilk 50'ye giren üniversitelerin üçüncü rolü (misyonu) olarak değerlendirilen girişimcilik ve yenilikçilik faaliyetleri odağında etkinliklerinin Veri Zarflama Analizi ile ölçülmesi ve etkinlik değerlerinin zaman içindeki değişiminin Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimliliği Endeksi kullanılarak belirlenmesidir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre çalışma kapsamına alınan Türkiye’deki 35 üniversitenin kaynaklarını etkin kullanmadığı, dönemsel olarak sistematik bir iyileşmenin sağlanmadığı gözlenmiştir. Çalışma, panel veri ile çalışılması ve üniversitelerin girişimcilik ve yenilik faaliyetleri kapsamında etkinliğinin ölçülmesi bakımından özgün değere sahiptir.
Türkiye’de Politik Bütçe Döngüleri Üzerine Kapsamlı Bir Bakış
Authors: ŞEN Sedef
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada 2007-2018 yılları arasında Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi döneminde politik bütçe dalgalanmalarının geçerliliği araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmayı diğer çalışmalardan farklı kılan birkaç özellik bulunmaktadır. Öncelikle il bazlı bir veri ile tahminler elde edilmiş ve genel seçimlerin etkisi kamu harcama alt kalemlerine göre ayrıştırılmıştır. İkinci olarak, büyükşehirler için politik bütçe dalgalanmalarının analizi yapılmıştır. Son olarak elde edilen tüm tahminlerin güçlü olduğu gösterilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre seçim dönemlerinde kamu harcamaları üzerinde politik bütçe dalgalanmalarının varlığının açık ancak boyutunun çok küçük olduğu, büyükşehirler için yapılan kamu harcamalarının diğer illere göre daha belirgin olduğu ve elde edilen tüm tahmin sonuçlarının sağlamlık testleri ile değişmediği gösterilmiştir.
Küresel Finans Krizinin Finansal Bulaşıcılık Modeli ile BİST30 Endeksinde Analizi
Authors: ÖZDEN Didem , URAL Mert
Published: December 2020

Küresel finans krizi birçok ülkenin finans piyasalarını ve makroekonomik değişkenlerini önemli ölçüde etkilemiştir. Bu durum ülkenin sadece temel göstergelerindeki yapısal sorunlara değinilerek açıklanamamıştır. Bu nedenle bulaşıcılık, son dönemde finansal bozuklukların yayılma etkisini analiz etmek adına sıkça kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 5 Temmuz 2006 – 12 Kasım 2019 dönemi günlük kapanış fiyatları üzerinden yatay kesit mutlak sapmaya dayalı olarak S&P500 endeksi ile BİST30 endeksi arasında finansal bulaşıcılık etkisi ve sürü davranışının varlığının test edilmesidir. 2008 küresel finans krizinin etkilerini inceleyebilmek üzere analiz dönemi ayrıca kriz içeren ve kriz sonrası olmak üzere iki alt döneme ayrılmıştır. Geliştirilen “Finansal Bulaşıcılık Modeli” her ülkenin borsa endeksi kapanış fiyatları farklı para birimleri cinsinden hesaplanarak hem EKKY hem de asimetrik GARCH tipi modeller yardımıyla analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, tüm dönem, kriz içeren dönem ve kriz sonrası dönem için finansal bulaşıcılık etkisinin daima var olduğu buna karşın, krizin sürü davranışı ile yayılma etkisi beklentinin aksine sadece kriz sonrası dönemde istatistiki ve iktisadi olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Çalışmanın önemli bir bulgusu, her analiz dönemi için para cinsi farklılaştığında finansal bulaşıcılık katsayısı ve krizin yayılma etkisini gösteren sürü davranışı katsayısı işaretlerinin değişmediği ve bu yüzden değişkenler için para cinsi uyumlaştırmasına gerek olmadığı yönündedir.
Prediction of Pressure Profile During Multi-Phase Flow in Different Oil Well: A Comparative Study
Authors: Satar Raya , Baker Hussain Ali
Published: December 2020

Multiphase flow is a very common phenomenon in oil wells. Several correlation models, either analytical or experimental, have been investigated by various studies to investigate this phenomenon. However, no single correlation model was found to produce good results in all flow conditions. 14 models available on the Prosper software were selected for the purpose of calculating the pressure gradient inside wells within a range of different flow conditions. The pressure gradient was calculated using Prosper software, then compared with the measured gradient based on the production log test (PLT) data. This study was conducted on 31 wells from five different oil fields (Kirkuk, Jambur, Bai-Hassan, Al-Ahdab, and Rumaila). It is worth noting that these wells have not been studied previously. The results indicated that the best correlation models were the Original Duns and Rose (DRO), Petroleum Experts 2 (PE2), and Hagedorn and Brown (HB), which outperformed the models of Hydro-3p and Mukherjee and Brill. The calculations also showed that the overall performance of all correlations is generally better in two-phase flow wells. Despite this, Fancher and Brown (FB), Hydro-3p, HB, and Orkiszewski (OR) models demonstrated an improved performance in three-phase flow wells as compared to the other correlation models.
A Comparison of Mishrif Formation Characteristics in Kumait and Dujaila Oil Fields, Southern Iraq, Using Seismic Inversion Method and Petrophysical Properties Analysis
Authors: Al-Banna Ahmed S. , Nassir Nowfal A. , Al-Sharaa Ghazi H.
Published: December 2020

A comparison was conducted between two wells, Kt-1and Kt-2, in Kumait and two wells, Du-1and Du-2, in Dujaila oil fields that belong to Mishrif formation, southern Iraq.  Seismic inversion method was employed to detect oil and water reservoirs. The comparison included the behavior of acoustic impedance (AI) of fluids and the lithology with related petrophysical properties. The values of water saturation, Shale volume (Vsh), and effective porosity were compared between the AI,  two fluid reservoirs. It was found that the AI value for the oil reservoir unit is relatively low to medium, whereas it was relatively medium for the water reservoir. Effective porosity value showed, in general, an increase in the oil reservoir and a slightly decrease in the water reservoir. The Vsh and water saturation (Sw) values of the oil reservoir unit were in general lower than those in the water reservoir, which indicates the presence of hydrocarbons accumulation. The lithology and porosity are the main factors affecting the acoustic impedance values. Despite the small difference in density between oil and water, these two fluids still show perceptible variation in their properties.
Prevalence of Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides Fragilis in Stool Specimens Collected from Children Less Than 5 Years Of Age in Iraq
Authors: Jasim Dhyiaa Ahmed , Melconian Alice
Published: December 2020

Although Bacteroides fragilis is a bacterium present within gut microbiota, the toxin producer strain, known as enterotoxigenic B. fragilis (ETBF), is associated with diarrhea in children less than 5 years of age. This study includes 69 diarrheal and 29 non-diarrheal (control) samples collected from children less than 5 years old. DNA was extracted directly from stool specimens and directed to conventional PCR targeting beta-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (leuB) gene, used for detection of B. fragilis,  and Bacteroides fragilis toxin (bft) gene, used for the detection of ETBF. The results showed that the prevalence of leuB gene was 78 (79.6%) including 56 (81.2%) in diarrheal and 22 (75.9%) in non-diarrheal subjects, while that of bft gene was only 3 (3.1%) including 2 (2.9%) in diarrheal and 1 (3.4%) in non-diarrheal subjects. Based on sequencing of bft-positive specimens, both bft-1 and bft-2 isoforms were represented in diarrheal specimens, whereas only bft-1 was found in the control specimens. In conclusion, this study examined for the first time the leuB and bft gene in a specimen of Iraqi children with diarrhea and showed no significant differences between diarrheal and control groups in both genes.
Effect of Surface Recombination on Diffusion Length and Active Cavity Life time
Authors: Khidhir Ali H.
Published: December 2020

This work presents an analytical study for simulating a Fabry-Perot Bi-stable etalon (F-P cavity) filled with a dispersive optimized nonlinear optical material (Kerr type) such as semiconductors Indium Antimonite (InSb). Depending on the obtained results and because of a trade-off between the optical path length of the sample and active cavity lifetime, an optimization procedure was applied on the InSb etalon/CO laser parameters; critical switching irradiance (Ic) was applied via simulation systems  of optimization procedures of optical cavity (Matlap program was used to study the optical Bi-stability of a nonlinear Fabry-Perot cavity). In order to achieve minimum switching power and faster switching time, the optimization surface recombination on the diffusion length and effective cavity lifetime was studied.

In addition, for a specific absorption value 400 cm-1, the lifetime coefficient  values were 0.33 , 0.091 , 0.0172 ns for sample thickness (D) = 500 , 60 , 20 mm, respectively. Also, for a bulk recombination time (Tl) of 200 ns, specific absorption (Î±) of 50 cm1, and D of 20 mm, the surface recombination speed value was  2.845 x 105 cm/sec, whereas the active lifetime, which is defined as the thickness over the surface recombination speed (sÏ…) (D/2sÏ…), was equal to 3.5ns.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI DAUN BELIMBING WULUH (Averhoa bilimbi L.) DAN LAMA PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP KUALITAS FISIK TELUR PUYUH
Authors: UTAMI SARI WIJI , Saadah Silfiatus , Zuhro Fatimatuz
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this research was to analize physical quality of quail eggs which has soaked with wuluh star fruit leaves extract and has storaged for some weeks. This research used 108 quail eggs, 0 day old. This research used a Completely Randomized Design with 6 leaves extract concentrastion treatments (0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%) and 6 durations of storage treatments (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 weeks) with three replication. The data were analyzed by ANOVA 5% and continued with Duncan test. The result showed that leaves extract concentrastion treatments gave significant effect to egg weight, eggshell weight, egg white weight, yolk score, albumin pH, Haugh Unit (HU), and the shell thick of quail eggs. The interaction treatment gave significant effect to eggshell wheight, albumin pH, and the shell thick of quail eggs.
VIABILITAS SEL DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA BIO-KAPSUL PROBIOTIK Lb paracasei ssp paracasei ML3 HASIL EKSTRUSI KARAGENAN-SKIM (CELL VIABILITY AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF PROBIOTIC BIO-CAPSULE Lb paracasei ssp paracasei ML3 by EXTRUSION KARAGENAN-SKIM)
Authors: Elida Mutia , Gusmalini Gusmalini , Agustina Agustina , Saufani Iza Ayu
Published: December 2020

Production of Lactobacillus paracasei ssp paracasei Ml3 bio-capsules using a coating agent of carrageenan and skim milk as a protective and stabilizer for the viability of encapsulated bacterial cells during processing. This research was carried out to examine the viability of Lactobacillus paracasei ssp paracasei Ml3 and the antimicrobial activity against Eschericia coli in wet and dry bio-capsules after contact 3 hour. Production of bio-capsules uses extrusion method, with the ratio of coating materials for carrageenan and skim milk, namely 1: 1, 2: 1, and 3: 1. Â Each treatment was repeated 3 times. The result showed that the coating material (carrageenan: skim milk) with 2:1 ratio in wet dan dry bio-capsules were able to maintain the viability of Lactobacillus paracasei ssp paracasei Ml3 and only decreased 0.72 log cfu/g and 1.31 log cfu/g, respectively. Antimicrobial activity was indicatedÂ  by the highest decrease number of Eschericia coli after contact 3 hour with bio-capsules 2:1 , namely 2.21 log cfu/g and 2.15 log cfu/g, respectively.
“Leaving no one behind”: COVID-19 Response in Black Canadian Communities
Authors: Etowa Josephine , Kohoun Bagnini , Etowa Egbe B. , Kiros Getachew , Mbagwu Ikenna , Muray Mwali , Dabone Charles , Ubangha Lovelyn , Nare Hilary
Published: December 2020

Despite the universal healthcare system in Canada, Canadians of African Descent (CAD) still face numerous problems that place them at higher risk to pandemics such as COVID-19. From the struggles of working as frontline workers, to challenges compounded by pre-existing chronic medical conditions such as Diabetes, CAD may face unique issues, further weighing on their existing and potential health outcomes. This situation calls for closer attention to the specific needs of CAD who may be at greater risk of late diagnosis and delayed treatment for COVID-19. Historically, marginalized communities such as CAD must be included in healthcare considerations and planning, so as to avoid further leaving them behind during and after the storm. Past evidence has shown that structural inequities shape who is affected by disease and its economic fallout. Therefore, the unique needs of CAD must be considered in healthcare planning with the ongoing COVID-19 response.

Keywords: pandemic, marginalized, healthcare, COVID-19, Canadians of African Descent
Comparison of the Performance of the Gradient and Newton-Raphson Method to Estimate Parameters in Some Zero-Inflated Regression Models
Authors: Pho Kim-Hung , Truong Buu-Chau
Published: December 2020

This paper compares the performance of the gradient and Newton-Raphson (N-R) method to estimate parameters in some zero-inflated (ZI) regression models such as the zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) model, zero-inflated Bell (ZIBell) model, zero-inflated binomial (ZIB) model and zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) model. In the present work, firstly, we briefly present the approach of the gradient and N-R method. We then introduce the origin, formulas and applications of the ZI models. Finally, we compare the performance of two investigated approaches for these models through the simulation studies with numerous sample sizes and several missing rates. A real data set is investigated in this study. Specifically, we compare the results and the execution time of the R code for two methods. Moreover, we provide some important notes on these two approaches and some scalable research directions for future work.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
Implementation of Automatic Skin Lesions Diagnosis-A Deep Learning Ensembling Approach
Authors: Tajjour Salwan , Patel Shobhit K , Parmar Chandrasinh , Dhasarathan Vigneswaran
Published: December 2020

Skin is the largest organ of the human body, it protects them from the external environment. However, the number of new skin cancer cases has been going up in the last few years. Fortunately diagnosing skin cancer in earlier stages could increase the probability of treating cancer. Due to machine learning (ML) and deep learning(DL) has achieved great success in different fields and has shown an outstanding performance in computer vision applications, lots of ML Applications is concerned in this domain. The main goal of this study is to find a computer-aided diagnosis system that can be powerful in early detection, which saves time and money. A simple pipeline is used to train different types of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), choosing the best four networks and ensemble them together without any prior segmentation or repainting. By using the HAM10000 dataset for training and testing, a high-accurate model is achieved which can classify seven kinds of skin lesions very precisely. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
La promoción de la lectura como una forma para la organización barrial. Etnografía de una experiencia en la colonia Atemajac del Valle, Zapopan, Jalisco
Authors: López Carrillo Oscar Ramón
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo muestra la experiencia obtenida de unos cursos de lectura que se llevaron a cabo en la colonia Atemajac del Valle, en el municipio de Zapopan, Jalisco, México entre 2017 y 2018. Estos cursos tuvieron como médula la cuestión del enseñar-aprendiendo y las experiencias de educación autónoma ejecutadas en los Caracoles Zapatistas. Asimismo, se tuvo la intención de recuperar la calle como espacio básico de socialización.Para ello se utilizó la concepción de la participación política y el uso del espacio público como una forma de acción colectiva. Metodológicamente se hace uso de técnicas (auto) etnográfcas y biográfcas para la descripción densa de las experiencias entre los sujetos participantes (promotores e infantes).
Categorización pedagógica Freiriana de buenas prácticas docentes en educación básica durante la contingencia por COVID-19
Authors: Garduño Teliz Elvia , Montes Pacheco Luz del Carmen , Medina Velázquez Luis , Medina-Gual Luis
Published: December 2020

La contingencia por COVID-19 afectó a millones de docentes y estudiantes mexicanos, lo quedimensiona la problemática del Sistema Educativo Nacional. Pese a ello, los docentes handemostrado resiliencia y creatividad en la adaptación de sus prácticas pedagógicas para laeducación remota y en connamiento. Este trabajo tiene por objetivo categorizar las buenasprácticas docentes en la contingencia con base en la pedagogía crítica de Freire para difundirlasa la comunidad educativa. Se analizaron cualitativamente micronarraciones de 500 docentesde educación básica, con un acercamiento deductivo-inductivo enmarcado en la investigaciónbiográco-narrativa. Es posible advertir en los hallazgos que los docentes parecen haber empleadodiferentes estrategias y alternativas pedagógicas alineadas con la propuesta Freiriana. Lasnarraciones analizadas revelan modicaciones en las prácticas docentes relativas a la exibilidaden el desarrollo de actividades, el manejo de los recursos didácticos y la evaluación, entre otros.