bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Living in public rental housing is healthier than private rental housing a 9-year cohort study from Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study
Authors: Koga Chie , Saito Tami , Hanazato Masamichi , Kondo Naoki , Saito Masashige , Ojima Toshiyuki , Kondo Katsunori
Published: March 2024

Housing tenure is an important aspect to determine health. However, even though renters tend to have more socioeconomic disadvantages than homeowners, mortality risk between private and public renters compared with homeowners remains unclear. Japanese public rented housing, such as the Urban Renaissance Agency, has been developed for supplying an adequate living environment since 1950s. This study aimed to examine the mortality risk among older Japanese residents living in private and public rented houses compared with those living in owner-occupied houses using 9-year follow-up data. This study drew upon a 9-year follow-up of participants in the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study, a population-based cohort study of Japanese independent adults aged ≥ 65 years. Mortality from 2010 to 2019 was analyzed for 44,007 respondents. Housing tenure was defined by a questionnaire. Cox regression models were used for calculating the hazard ratio for mortality. Bonferroni correction was used to account for multiple testing between rental houses. Overall, 10,638 deaths occurred during the follow-up period. Compared with housing owners, all rental housing groups had a significantly higher risk of mortality. Among renters, participants who lived in public rental housing had the lowest risk of mortality even after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, health status, social status, and environmental status. Multiple testing among renters with Bonferroni correction showed that public renters had 0.80 times (95% CI 0.72–0.89) lower mortality risk than private renters. Although Japanese older adults living in public rental housing had a higher mortality risk than homeowners, this risk was lower than that among private renters. A positive neighborhood environment based on well-planned urban development may have contributed to this result. The results suggest that planned urban development lowers the risk of mortality in older renters in Japan.
All-dielectric polarization-sensitive metasurface for terahertz polarimetric imaging
Authors: Baek Juhoon , Kim Jaehoon , Seol Jae Hun , Kim Minkyung
Published: March 2024

Terahertz polarimetric imaging, capable of capturing not only intensity profiles but also the polarization states of the incident pattern, is an essential technique with promising applications such as security scans and medical diagnoses. Recently, a novel approach for terahertz imaging has been proposed using a metasurface absorber that converts terahertz light into a temperature profile. However, polarization remains indistinguishable in the imaging process due to the isotropic geometry of the metasurface. To address this issue, this study introduces an all-dielectric, polarization-sensitive metasurface absorber and showcases its suitability for terahertz polarimetric imaging. Optical and thermal simulations confirm that the polarization dependence of our metasurface is translated into the thermal domain, allowing us to distinguish both intensity and polarization states in the incoming image. Additionally, we demonstrate that polarimetric imaging under general, elliptical polarization is attainable. This metasurface facilitates terahertz polarimetric imaging, eliminating the need for complex setups or bulky components, thereby reducing the form factor and enabling widespread use.
Identity-based controlled delegated outsourcing data integrity auditing scheme
Authors: Du Jianming , Dong Guofang , Ning Juangui , Xu Zhengnan , Yang Ruicheng
Published: March 2024

With the continuous development of cloud computing, the application of cloud storage has become more and more popular. To ensure the integrity and availability of cloud data, scholars have proposed several cloud data auditing schemes. Still, most need help with outsourced data integrity, controlled outsourcing, and source file auditing. Therefore, we propose a controlled delegation outsourcing data integrity auditing scheme based on the identity-based encryption model. Our proposed scheme allows users to specify a dedicated agent to assist in uploading data to the cloud. These authorized proxies use recognizable identities for authentication and authorization, thus avoiding the need for cumbersome certificate management in a secure distributed computing system. While solving the above problems, our scheme adopts a bucket-based red–black tree structure to efficiently realize the dynamic updating of data, which can complete the updating of data and rebalancing of structural updates constantly and realize the high efficiency of data operations. We define the security model of the scheme in detail and prove the scheme's security under the difficult problem assumption. In the performance analysis section, the proposed scheme is analyzed experimentally in comparison with other schemes, and the results show that the proposed scheme is efficient and secure.
Molecular modeling of CO2 affecting competitive adsorption within anthracite coal
Authors: Hong Lin , Lin Jiaxing , Gao Dameng , Zheng Dan
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to investigate the adsorption properties of CO2, CH4, and N2 on anthracite. A molecular structural model of anthracite (C208H162O12N4) was established. Simulations were performed for the adsorption properties of single-component and multi-component gases at various temperatures, pressures, and gas ratios. The grand canonical ensemble Monte Carlo approach based on molecular mechanics and dynamics theories was used to perform the simulations. The results showed that the isotherms for the adsorption of single-component CO2, CH4, and N2 followed the Langmuir formula, and the CO2 adsorption isotherm growth gradient was negatively correlated with pressure but positively correlated with temperature. When the CO2 injection in the gas mixture was increased from 1 to 3% for the multi-component gas adsorption, the proportion of CO2 adsorption rose from 1/3 to 2/3, indicating that CO2 has a competing-adsorption advantage. The CO2 adsorption decreased faster with increasing temperature, indicating that the sensitivity of CO2 to temperature is stronger than that of CH4 and N2. The adsorbent potential energies of CO2, CH4, and N2 diminished with rising temperature in the following order: CO2 < CH4 < N2.
Hometronics – accessible production of graphene suspensions for health sensing applications using only household items
Authors: Aljarid Adel K. A. , Winder Jasper , Wei Cencen , Venkatraman Arvind , Tomes Oliver , Soul Aaron , Papageorgiou Dimitrios G. , Möbius Matthias E. , Boland Conor S.
Published: March 2024

Nanoscience at times can seem out of reach to the developing world and the general public, with much of the equipment expensive and knowledge seemingly esoteric to nonexperts. Using only cheap, everyday household items, accessible research with real applications can be shown. Here, graphene suspensions were produced using pencil lead, tap water, kitchen appliances, soaps and coffee filters, with a children’s glue-based graphene nanocomposite for highly sensitive pulse measurements demonstrated.
Contemporary attitudes and beliefs on coronary artery calcium from social media using artificial intelligence
Authors: Somani Sulaiman , Balla Sujana , Peng Allison W. , Dudum Ramzi , Jain Sneha , Nasir Khurram , Maron David J. , Hernandez-Boussard Tina , Rodriguez Fatima
Published: March 2024

Coronary artery calcium (CAC) is a powerful tool to refine atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk assessment. Despite its growing interest, contemporary public attitudes around CAC are not well-described in literature and have important implications for shared decision-making around cardiovascular prevention. We used an artificial intelligence (AI) pipeline consisting of a semi-supervised natural language processing model and unsupervised machine learning techniques to analyze 5,606 CAC-related discussions on Reddit. A total of 91 discussion topics were identified and were classified into 14 overarching thematic groups. These included the strong impact of CAC on therapeutic decision-making, ongoing non-evidence-based use of CAC testing, and the patient perceived downsides of CAC testing (e.g., radiation risk). Sentiment analysis also revealed that most discussions had a neutral (49.5%) or negative (48.4%) sentiment. The results of this study demonstrate the potential of an AI-based approach to analyze large, publicly available social media data to generate insights into public perceptions about CAC, which may help guide strategies to improve shared decision-making around ASCVD management and public health interventions.
Procrustes is a machine-learning approach that removes cross-platform batch effects from clinical RNA sequencing data
Authors: Kotlov Nikita , Shaposhnikov Kirill , Tazearslan Cagdas , Chasse Madison , Baisangurov Artur , Podsvirova Svetlana , Fernandez Dawn , Abdou Mary , Kaneunyenye Leznath , Morgan Kelley , Cheremushkin Ilya , Zemskiy Pavel , Chelushkin Maxim , Sorokina Maria , Belova Ekaterina , Khorkova Svetlana , Lozinsky Yaroslav , Nuzhdina Katerina , Vasileva Elena , Kravchenko Dmitry , Suryamohan Kushal , Nomie Krystle , Curran John , Fowler Nathan , Bagaev Alexander
Published: March 2024

With the increased use of gene expression profiling for personalized oncology, optimized RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) protocols and algorithms are necessary to provide comparable expression measurements between exome capture (EC)-based and poly-A RNA-seq. Here, we developed and optimized an EC-based protocol for processing formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples and a machine-learning algorithm, Procrustes, to overcome batch effects across RNA-seq data obtained using different sample preparation protocols like EC-based or poly-A RNA-seq protocols. Applying Procrustes to samples processed using EC and poly-A RNA-seq protocols showed the expression of 61% of genes (N = 20,062) to correlate across both protocols (concordance correlation coefficient > 0.8, versus 26% before transformation by Procrustes), including 84% of cancer-specific and cancer microenvironment-related genes (versus 36% before applying Procrustes;N = 1,438). Benchmarking analyses also showed Procrustes to outperform other batch correction methods. Finally, we showed that Procrustes can project RNA-seq data for a single sample to a larger cohort of RNA-seq data. Future application of Procrustes will enable direct gene expression analysis for single tumor samples to support gene expression-based treatment decisions.
CircEYA3 aggravates intervertebral disc degeneration through the miR-196a-5p/EBF1 axis and NF-κB signaling
Authors: Wang Tianfu , Yan Xiaobing , Song Dehui , Li Yingxia , Li Zhengwei , Feng Dapeng
Published: March 2024

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a well-established cause of disability, and extensive evidence has identified the important role played by regulatory noncoding RNAs, specifically circular RNAs (circRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), in the progression of IDD. To elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying IDD, we established a circRNA/miRNA/mRNA network in IDD through standardized analyses of all expression matrices. Our studies confirmed the differential expression of the transcription factors early B-cell factor 1 (EBF1), circEYA3, and miR-196a-5p in the nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues of controls and IDD patients. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and extracellular mechanisms of degradation in NP cells (NPC) are mediated by circEYA3. MiR-196a-5p is a direct target of circEYA3 and EBF1. Functional analysis showed that miR-196a-5p reversed the effects of circEYA3 and EBF1 on ECM degradation, apoptosis, and proliferation in NPCs. EBF1 regulates the nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-кB) signalling pathway by activating the IKKβ promoter region. This study demonstrates that circEYA3 plays an important role in exacerbating the progression of IDD by modulating the NF-κB signalling pathway through regulation of the miR196a-5p/EBF1 axis. Consequently, a novel molecular mechanism underlying IDD development was elucidated, thereby identifying a potential therapeutic target for future exploration.
On the nature of Con±/0 clusters reacting with water and oxygen
Authors: Geng Lijun , Wang Pengju , Lin Shiquan , Shi Ruili , Zhao Jijun , Luo Zhixun
Published: March 2024

Bulk cobalt does not react with water at room temperature, but cobalt nanometals could yield corrosion at ambient conditions. Insights into the cobalt cluster reactions with water and oxygen enable us to better understand the interface reactivity of such nanometals. Here we report a comprehensive study on the gas-phase reactions of Con±/0 clusters with water and oxygen. All these Con±/0 clusters were found to react with oxygen, but only anionic cobalt clusters give rise to water dissociation whereas the cationic and neutral ones are limited to water adsorption. We elucidate the influences of charge states, bonding modes and dehydrogenation mechanism of water on typical cobalt clusters. It is unveiled that the additional electron of anionic Con– clusters is not beneficial to H2O adsorption, but allows for thermodynamics- and kinetics-favourable H atom transfer and dehydrogenation reactions. Apart from the charge effect, size effect and spin effect play a subtle role in the reaction process. The synergy of multiple metal sites in Con– clusters reduces the energy barrier of the rate-limiting step enabling hydrogen release. This finding of water dissociation on cobalt clusters put forward new connotations on the activity series of metals, providing new insights into the corrosion mechanism of cobalt nanometals.
Controlling effective field contributions to laser-induced magnetization precession by heterostructure design
Authors: Jarecki Jasmin , Mattern Maximilian , Weber Fried-Conrad , Pudell Jan-Etienne , Wang Xi-Guang , Rojas Sánchez Juan-Carlos , Hehn Michel , von Reppert Alexander , Bargheer Matias
Published: March 2024

Nanoscale heterostructure design can control laser-induced heat dissipation and strain propagation, as well as their efficiency for driving magnetization precession. Here, we incorporate MgO layers into the experimental platform of metallic Pt-Cu-Ni heterostructures to block the propagation of hot electrons. We show via ultrafast x-ray diffraction the capability of our platform to control the spatio-temporal shape of the transient heat and strain. Time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr experiments with systematic tuning of the magnetization precession frequency showcase control of the magnetization dynamics in the Ni layer. Our experimental analysis highlights the role of quasi-static strain as a driver of precession when the magnetic material is rapidly heated via electrons. The effective magnetic field change originating from demagnetization partially compensates the change induced by quasi-static strain. The strain pulses can be shaped via the nanoscale heterostructure design to efficiently drive the precession, paving the way for opto-magneto-acoustic devices with low heat energy deposited in the magnetic layer.
Sulfide-based composite solid electrolyte films for all-solid-state batteries
Authors: Li Shenghao , Yang Zhihua , Wang Shu-Bo , Ye Mingqiang , He Hongcai , Zhang Xin , Nan Ce-Wen , Wang Shuo
Published: March 2024

All-solid-state batteries with non-flammable solid electrolytes offer enhanced safety features, and show the potential for achieving higher energy density by using lithium metal as the anode. Among various solid electrolytes, sulfides are favored for their high room-temperature ionic conductivity and low-temperature processing. However, making large-scale thin electrolyte films via pressing sulfide powder is still challenging. A polymer has recently been introduced as a binder or framework to obtain a flexible thin sulfide-based composite electrolyte film with high ionic conductivity. In this Review, we initially discuss the ionic transport mechanism of sulfide/polymer composite electrolyte films. Then, the preparation methods and the properties of sulfide-based composite electrolytes are introduced in detail, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method are also analyzed. We later discuss the application of composite electrolyte films in all-solid-state batteries. Finally, we provide a perspective on the future development direction of sulfide-based composite electrolyte films.
A framework to assess permafrost thaw threat for land transportation infrastructure in northern Canada
Authors: Fatolahzadeh Gheysari Ali , Maghoul Pooneh
Published: March 2024

Prediction of permafrost stability is associated with challenges, such as data scarcity and climate uncertainties. Here we present a data-driven framework that predicts permafrost thaw threat based on present ground ice distributions and ground surface temperatures predicted via machine learning. The framework uses long short-term memory models, which account for the sequential nature of climate data, and predicts ground surface temperature based on several climate variables from reanalysis products and regional climate models. Permafrost thaw threat is then assessed for three cases in northern Canada: Hudson Bay Railway, Mackenzie Northern Railway, and Inuvik–Tuktoyaktuk Highway. The models predict ground surface warming in all studied areas under both moderate and extreme climate change scenarios. The results also suggest that all studied cases are already under threat, with the northern sections of the Hudson Bay Railway and Inuvik–Tuktoyaktuk Highway facing an increasing threat by the end of the century.
Increasing coastal exposure to extreme wave events in the Alaskan Arctic as the open water season expands
Authors: Henke Martin , Miesse Tyler , de Lima André de Souza , Ferreira Celso M. , Ravens Thomas M.
Published: March 2024

Declining Arctic sea ice over recent decades has been linked to growth in coastal hazards affecting the Alaskan Arctic. In this study, climate model projections of sea ice are utilized in the simulation of an extratropical cyclone to quantify how future changes in seasonal ice coverage could affect coastal waves caused by this extreme event. All future scenarios and decades show an increase in coastal wave heights, demonstrating how an extended season of open water in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas could expose Alaskan Arctic shorelines to wave hazards resulting from such a storm event for an additional winter month by 2050 and up to three additional months by 2070 depending on climate pathway. Additionally, for the Beaufort coastal region, future scenarios agree that a coastal wave saturation limit is reached during the sea ice minimum, where historically sea ice would provide a degree of protection throughout the year.
Revolutionizing transdermal drug delivery: unveiling the potential of cubosomes and ethosomes
Authors: Balakrishnan Preetha , Gopi Sreerag
Published: March 2024

The area of drug delivery systems has witnessed significant advancements in recent years, with a particular focus on improving efficacy, stability, and patient compliance.
Balancing act: influence of Cu content in NiCu/C catalysts for methane decomposition
Authors: Schoemaker Suzan E. , Bismeijer Stefan , Wezendonk Dennie F. L. , Meeldijk Johannes D. , Welling Tom A. J. , de Jongh Petra E.
Published: March 2024

Thermal catalytic decomposition of methane is an innovative pathway to produce CO2-free hydrogen from natural gas. Initial growth rate correlated with carbon solubility in the metal catalyst.
Photo-induced synthesis of polymeric nanoparticles and chemiluminescent degradable materials via flow chemistry
Authors: Holloway Joshua O. , Delafresnaye Laura , Cameron Emily M. , Kammerer Jochen A. , Barner-Kowollik Christopher
Published: March 2024

Polymeric nanospheres can be synthesised within minutes using photo-flow chemistry, without the need for initiators, additives, or surfactants. The particles can be selectively degraded on demand, emitting light in the process.
Generally applicable circulating tumor cell enrichment and identification through a membrane glycoprotein–targeting strategy combining magnetic isolation and biological orthogonality labeling
Authors: Yu Yue , Zeng Yating , Kang Ke , Chen Yu , Wu Yao , Yi Qiangying
Published: March 2024

A comprehensively applicable strategy is proposed for enriching and identifying CTCs, with a focus on the targeted labeling of membrane glycoproteins.
ROSIC: Enhancing secure and accessible robot control through open‐source instant messaging platforms
Authors: Sadeghian Rasoul , Shahin Shahrooz , Sareh Sina
Published: March 2024

Ensuring secure communication and seamless accessibility remains a primary challenge in controlling robots remotely. The authors propose a novel approach that leverages open‐source instant messaging platforms to overcome the complexities and reduce costs associated with implementing a secure and user‐centred communication system for remote robot control named Robot Control System using Instant Communication (ROSIC). By leveraging features, such as real‐time messaging, group chats, end‐to‐end encryption and cross‐platform support inherent in the majority of instant messenger platforms, we have developed middleware that establishes a secure and efficient communication system over the Internet. By using instant messaging as the communication interface between users and robots, ROSIC caters to non‐technical users, making it easier for them to control robots. The architecture of ROSIC enables various scenarios for robot control, including one user controlling multiple robots, multiple users controlling one robot, multiple robots controlled by multiple users, and one user controlling one robot. Furthermore, ROSIC facilitates the interaction of multiple robots, enabling them to interoperate and function collaboratively as a swarm system by providing a unified communication platform that allows for seamless exchange of data and commands. Telegram was specifically chosen as the instant messaging platform by the authors due to its open‐source nature, robust encryption, compatibility across multiple platforms and interactive communication capabilities through channels and groups. Notably, the ROSIC is designed to communicate effectively with robot operating system (ROS)‐based robots to enhance our ability to control them remotely.
Prompt guidance query with cascaded constraint decoders for human–object interaction detection
Authors: Liu Sheng , Guo Bingnan , Zhang Feng , Chen Junhao , Chen Ruixiang
Published: March 2024

Human–object interaction (HOI) detection, which localises and recognises interactions between human and object, requires high‐level image and scene understanding. Recent methods for HOI detection typically utilise transformer‐based architecture to build unified future representation. However, these methods use random initial queries to predict interactive human–object pairs, leading to a lack of prior knowledge. Furthermore, most methods provide unified features to forecast interactions using conventional decoder structures, but they lack the ability to build efficient multi‐task representations. To address these problems, we propose a novel two‐stage HOI detector called PGCD, mainly consisting of prompt guidance query and cascaded constraint decoders. Firstly, the authors propose a novel prompt guidance query generation module (PGQ) to introduce the guidance‐semantic features. In PGQ, the authors build visual‐semantic transfer to obtain fuller semantic representations. In addition, a cascaded constraint decoder architecture (CD) with random masks is designed to build fine‐grained interaction features and improve the model's generalisation performance. Experimental results demonstrate that the authors’ proposed approach obtains significant performance on the two widely used benchmarks, that is, HICO‐DET and V‐COCO.
State of health estimation of individual batteries through incremental curve analysis under parameter uncertainty
Authors: Zhao Yue , Li Qian , Li Xiaohui , Zhang Ge , Shi Hang , Li Qinghua
Published: March 2024

The assessment of State of Health (SOH) plays a decisive role in diagnosing the health condition of Lithium‐Ion Batteries (LIBs). However, SOH estimation, particularly for individual battery cells, remains underexplored, especially under working conditions and aging patterns where battery parameters cannot be fully determined. This research conducted a comparative analysis of the parameter sensitivity among three methods and proposed a novel approach to estimate the SOH in large‐capacity batteries. The proposed method integrates multi‐feature extraction with artificial intelligence techniques. Specifically, various Health Index sets (HIs) reflecting Incremental Capacity morphological features are extracted from the charging curves of LIBs. Subsequently, a method is proposed to fuse these HIs using an artificial neural network to achieve precise SOH estimation. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through extensive long‐term degradation experiments on Lithium Cobalt Oxide batteries. The results confirm significant attributes of the method, including high estimation accuracy, reliability, and robustness against small‐scale inconsistencies.
Open‐set recognition of compound jamming signal based on multi‐task multi‐label learning
Authors: Xiao Yihan , Zhang Rui , Yu Xiangzhen , Jiang Yilin
Published: March 2024

In the increasingly intricate electromagnetic environment, the radar receiver may simultaneously encounter multiple intentional or unintentional jamming signals, which results in temporal and spectral overlap of received signals and forms a composite jamming signal. The nature and extent of interference contained in the received signal are often unknown, while they significantly affect the accuracy of radar detection. AnOpen‐Set Compound Jamming Signal Recognition Framework based on Multi‐Task Multi‐Label (MTML‐OCJR) is proposed. Based on the time–frequency characteristic of compound jamming signals, the proposed framework employs multi‐label classification to identify components of compound jamming signals while incorporating an unknown signal detection task into the classification process. Time–frequency image reconstruction combined with extreme value model estimation is used to detect unknown types of jamming signals, enabling simultaneous signal recognition and anomaly detection. The obtained results show that the proposed approach has superior recognition performance for composite jamming signals in closed‐set environments and high anomaly detection ability for unknown signals in open‐set environments. This method has the potential to significantly enhance the effectiveness and reliability of jamming systems in battlefield scenarios.
Adaptive soft threshold transformer for radar high‐resolution range profile target recognition
Authors: Chen Siyu , Huang Xiaohong , Xu Weibo
Published: March 2024

Radar High‐Resolution Range Profile (HRRP) has great potential for target recognition because it can provide target structural information. Existing work commonly applies deep learning to extract deep features from HRRPs and achieve impressive recognition performance. However, most approaches are unable to distinguish between the target and non‐target regions in the feature extraction process and do not fully consider the impact of background noise, which is harmful to recognition, especially at low signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNR). To tackle these problems, the authors propose a radar HRRP target recognition framework termed Adaptive Soft Threshold Transformer (ASTT), which is composed of a patch embedding (PE) layer, ASTT blocks, and Discrete Wavelet Patch Merging (DWPM) layers. Given the limited semantic information of individual range cells, the PE layer integrates nearby isolated range cells into semantically explicit target structure patches. Thanks to its convolutional layer and attention mechanism, the ASTT blocks assign a weight to each patch to locate the target areas in the HRRP while capturing local features and constructing sequence correlations. Moreover, the ASTT block efficiently filters noise features in combination with a soft threshold function to further enhance the recognition performance at low SNR, where the threshold is adaptively determined. Utilising the reversibility of the discrete wavelet transform, the DWPM layer efficiently eliminates the loss of valuable information during the pooling process. Experiments based on simulated and measured datasets show that the proposed method has excellent target recognition performance, noise robustness, and small‐scale range shift robustness.
Exploring the Mechanisms of Action of Quercetin for the Treatment of Cervical High-Risk-Human Papilloma Virus Using Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Wang Shanyun , Hong Huisi , Yuan Yiming , Yin Yinhao , Zeng Jianfeng , Xiao Jing
Published: March 2024

Objective Our objective was to investigate the therapeutic mechanism of quercetin in the management of cervical HR-HPV through the integration of network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques.

Methods The GeneCard database was utilized to analyze and identify potential therapeutic targets in HR-HPV. Subsequently, a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by employing the String database. The visualization and construction of PPI networks were accomplished using Cytoscape. The R language was utilized to conduct Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses.

Results A total of 154 active constituents of quercetin were identified through screening. Additionally, 139 target genes associated with the effects of quercetin on cervical HR-HPV were predicted. PPI analyses revealed that threonine kinase Akt1, mitogen-activated protein kinase1, human IL-6 protein, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) may serve as potential targets for quercetin in the treatment of cervical HR-HPV. Furthermore, GO and KEGG analyses demonstrated that quercetin is involved in various functional pathways, biological processes, molecular categories, including the Th17 signaling pathway, tumor necrotizing factor (TNF) signaling pathway, EGFR signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, among others.

Conclusion Quercetin exhibits multifaceted characteristics, targeting multiple components, pathways, and targets, in the therapeutic intervention of HR-HPV, primarily by modulating inflammatory responses, oxidation reactions, and apoptotic processes.
The Research Progress of the Application of Bioinformatics in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Yu Zhiyang , Wang Wenpan , Qiao Qiong , Sun Yiran , Xie Zhishen , Song Junying , Zhang Zhenqiang , Ma Huifen
Published: March 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by a complex pathogenesis, limited diagnostic methods, and a lack of effective therapeutic drugs in clinical settings, posing significant challenges in modern medical research. Bioinformatics offers new perspectives for identifying key pathological biomarkers of AD, analyzing differentially expressed genes in AD, screening for effective drug targets against AD, studying the mechanisms of AD pathogenesis, and discovering novel anti-AD drugs. However, data preprocessing and statistical analysis methods in bioinformatics research can significantly impact results, and there is a lack of consistency and coordination in analysis methods across platforms and laboratories in practical studies, making it difficult to compare data between studies. Therefore, it is crucial to establish standardized operating procedures and quality control protocols, improve the reproducibility of methods across platforms, and promote data comparison between studies.
Research Progress on the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia with Classical Prescriptions
Authors: Zhang Lin , Wang Yang , Liu Mingze , Wang Zhenliang
Published: March 2024

The main pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) includes deficiency of healthy qi, blood stasis, and fluid retention. The root cause of BPH is the deficiency of healthy qi, for which Jingui Shenqi Pill and Zhenwu Decoction are used to nourish kidney qi and warm yang to promote diuresis. Blood stasis is the key pathogeneses of BPH, for which Guizhi Fuling Pill and Didang Decoction are used to dissipate blood stasis, relieve obstruction of orifices and facilitate bowel movement. Fluid retention is the most urgent symptom of BPH, for which Wuling Powder and Danggui Shaoyao Powder are used to transform qi and promote diuresis, addressing the urgent symptoms.
Dorsal Intercarpal Ligament Tears: An Arthroscopic Classification and Clinical Outcomes Study
Authors: Merlini Lorenzo , Chung Sze Ryn , Caloia Martin
Published: March 2024

Background The dorsal intercarpal (DIC) ligament plays a significant role in carpal stability and is often associated with other carpal ligament injuries. Isolated DIC ligament injuries are rare and can present as a ligament avulsion, bony avulsion, or attenuation due to chronic injury. Previously, we described the first isolated DIC ligament avulsion and proposed an arthroscopic repair technique. This article presents an arthroscopic classification of DIC ligament complex injuries and outcomes in a larger series of patients.

Methods A retrospective review was conducted on 16 patients who had undergone arthroscopic repair of the DIC ligament from 2018 to 2022. Intraoperative arthroscopic findings were documented, leading to the proposal of a classification system for DIC ligament tears. Pre- and postoperative outcomes, including the range of motion, grip strength, visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire (QuickDASH) outcomes, were assessed in this cohort.

Results At a mean follow-up of 17.8 months, there was a statistically significant improvement in wrist flexion (65.3 to 74.3 degrees), wrist extension (77.8 to 84.5 degrees), comparative grip strength (46.4 to 87% compared with contralateral wrist), VAS score (6.3 to 0.6), and QuickDASH score (54.8 to 4.5). Four out of 16 patients (25%) had isolated DIC ligament tears, and the remaining 12 (75%) had concomitant intercarpal ligament injuries.

Conclusion The study highlights the critical role of the DIC ligament in carpal stability and introduces an arthroscopic classification for evaluating this lesion. Surgical options for different types of DIC ligament tears were also discussed.

Level of Evidence Level III, Retrospective study.
Ready, set, go! Deploying the social listening stoplight activity to teach marketing analytics using qualitative techniques
Authors: Bryant Morgan M. , Riley Jen , Turner-Henderson Tiffanie , Purnell Dexter
Published: March 2024

Analytical skills are in high demand across business sectors and various positions. Therefore, it is pivotal for marketing students to have exposure and practice leveraging analytical methods and tools before graduation and entering the job market. However, qualitative techniques to gather marketing analytics and insights are rarely taught as an approach. As a result, the authors created the Social Listening Stoplight Activity to teach students how to qualitatively gather marketing analytics insights for actionable recommendations that can be used to adjust social media strategies for increased engagement. By leveraging data from the Social Listening Stoplight Activity, the authors qualitatively analyze undergraduate and graduate student assignment submissions to assess the activity as a method to teach students qualitative social listening, a growing industry skill. This research finds that students exhibit more difficulty with qualitative versus quantitative strategic social media marketing analysis skills, further justifying the need for an activity like this in marketing analytics and social media courses. Students must not only be able to assess numerical data, but they also must be able to interpret and communicate recommendations to truly contribute to organizations.
Greening China’s digital economy: exploring the contribution of the East–West Computing Resources Transmission Project to CO2 reduction
Authors: Xie Xuemei , Han Yuhang , Tan Hao
Published: March 2024

China’s East–West Computing Resources Transmission Project (EWCRT Project) is a unique and innovative path toward developing China’s green digital economy. The EWCRT Project consists of building transregional digital infrastructure, including eight data center hubs and 10 data center clusters across China. Our estimations indicate that the EWCRT Project could result in a reduction of 2125 metric tons (Mt) of CO2 between 2020 and 2050. Combined with other improvement measures, such as an increase in power usage effectiveness (PUE) and a boost in the use of green electricity in these data centers, the project could result in a reduction of 9500 Mt of carbon emissions over the next three decades. Recognizing the heterogeneous makeup of data centers in general, it is crucial to identify diverse strategies that can transform each into “green engines” for the digital economy. Therefore, in this study, we use fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to characterize the complex conditions of different data center configurations. By doing so, we highlight differentiated strategies for data centers to support the greening of the digital economy.
Associations of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurements With High-Sensitivity Troponin and Natriuretic Peptide Levels in SPRINT
Authors: Venishetty Nikit , Berry Jarett D , de Lemos James A , Wu Elaine , Lee MinJae , Drawz Paul E , Nambi Vijay , Ballantyne Christie M , Killeen Anthony A , Ix Joachim H , Shlipak Michael G , Ascher Simon B
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Nighttime blood pressure (BP) has greater prognostic importance for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than daytime BP, but less is known about nighttime and daytime BP associations with measures of subclinical CVD.

METHODS

Among 897 Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial Study (SPRINT) participants with 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring obtained near the 27-month study visit, 849 (95%) had N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) measured at the 24-month study visit. Multivariable linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the associations of nighttime and daytime BP with cardiac biomarker levels.

RESULTS

The mean age was 69 ± 12 years, 28% were African American, and mean nighttime and daytime SBP were 121 ± 16 mm Hg and 132 ± 14 mm Hg, respectively. In multivariable models, compared with the lowest tertile of nighttime systolic BP, the highest tertile was associated with 48% higher NT-proBNP levels (adjusted geometric mean ratio [GMR] = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.22, 1.79), and 19% higher hs-cTnT levels (adjusted GMR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.32). In contrast, the highest vs. lowest tertile of daytime systolic BP was not associated with NT-proBNP (adjusted GMR = 1.09, 95% CI: 0.88, 1.34), but was associated with 16% higher hs-cTnT levels (adjusted GMR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.30). Similar results were observed using diastolic BP.

CONCLUSIONS

In SPRINT, both higher nighttime and daytime BP were independently associated with higher hs-cTnT levels, but only higher nighttime BP was associated with higher NT-proBNP levels.
Pot-economical total synthesis of prostaglandins via organocatalyst-mediated asymmetric reactions
Authors: Hayashi Yujiro
Published: March 2024

Prostaglandins are a family of molecules that possess important biological properties, and some of the analogues are used as medicines. Many synthetic methods have been developed for the efficient synthesis of prostaglandins. In this review, we will describe recent advances in the synthesis of prostaglandins and our endeavors in the effective synthesis of prostaglandins. Our group has developed three [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions catalyzed by diphenylprolinol silyl ether, affording chiral substituted cyclopentane frameworks with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities. By using these cyclopentanes as key intermediates and applying pot reactions, several prostaglandins were synthesized efficiently in a small number of pots.
Submissive behavior is affected by territory structure in a social fish
Authors: Ruberto Tommaso , Swaney William T , Reddon Adam R
Published: March 2024

Group living may engender conflict over food, reproduction, or other resources and individuals must be able to manage conflict for social groups to persist. Submission signals are an adaptation for establishing and maintaining social hierarchy position, allowing a subordinate individual to avoid protracted and costly aggressive interactions with dominant individuals. In the daffodil cichlid fish (Neolamprologus pulcher), subordinates may use submission signals to resolve conflicts with dominant individuals and maintain their social status within the group. The complexity of the physical environment may affect the value of submission signals compared with fleeing or avoidance, which may require certain physical features such as shelters to be effective. We investigated how the ecological context affected the expression of submission in subordinate daffodil cichlids by examining their behavior under different arrangements of the physical environment within their territories. We altered the number of shelters provided to daffodil cichlid groups and compared the interactions between dominant and subordinate individuals under each shelter condition by scoring the social and cooperative behaviors of the group members. We found that behaviors of group members were modulated by the environment: subordinates displayed fewer submission and fleeing behaviors in more structurally complex environments and dominants were more aggressive to subordinates when more shelters were present. Our results help to elucidate the role of the physical environment in the modulation of social interactions in group-living animals and may have implications for the welfare of captively housed social cichlid groups.
Outcomes of repeated endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma on endoscopic resection scar
Authors: Furue Yasuaki , Yoda Yusuke , Hori Keisuke , Nakajo Keiichiro , Kadota Tomohiro , Murano Tatsuro , Shinmura Kensuke , Ikematsu Hiroaki , Yano Tomonori
Published: March 2024

Background

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) can be performed for superficial esophageal cancer. However, performing ESD for superficial esophageal cancer on a previous endoscopic resection scar may be difficult.

Methods

We compared the outcomes between ESD for superficial esophageal cancers on previous endoscopic resection scar (group A) and that for naïve lesions (group B). The study included outcomes of ESD, cumulative incidence of local failure, and predictors of the occurrence of local failure in ESD patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The outcome variables evaluated were en bloc resection rates, procedure times, adverse events, and overall survival rates.

Results

Overall, 220 lesions were extracted (groups A and B: 23 and 197 lesions, respectively). In groups A and B, the complete resection rates were 60.9 and 92.9% (P < 0.001), and the mean procedure times were 79 and 68 min (P = 0.15), respectively. The perforation rates in groups A and B were 4.3 and 1% (P = 0.28). The 1-year cumulative local failure rates were 22 and 1% (P < 0.001), respectively. In the multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis, superficial esophageal SCC on a previous endoscopic resection scar was a strong predictor of local failure (hazard ratio = 21.95 [3.99–120.80], P < 0.001). The 3-year overall survival rates in groups A and B were 95 and 93% (P = 0.99), respectively.

Conclusions

Repeated ESD on scar is an option for treating superficial esophageal SCC with an acceptable rate of adverse events. Because of the low complete resection rate and high local failure compared with conventional ESD, strict endoscopic follow-up is required after repeated esophageal ESD.
Adjuvant treatment patterns for pT3N0M0 esophageal cancer undergoing surgery
Authors: Pei Su , Huang Jiang-Qiong , Liang Huan-Wei , Liu Yang , Chen Long , Yu Bin-Bin , Huang Wei , Pan Xin-Bin
Published: March 2024

To assess adjuvant treatment patterns on survival in patients with pT3N0M0 esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy without neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Stage pT3N0M0 esophageal cancer patients were assessed between 2000 and 2020 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results databases. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to compare overall survival (OS) among various treatment patterns. We identified 445 patients: 252 (56.6%) received surgery alone, 85 (19.1%) received surgery+chemoradiotherapy, 80 (18.0%) underwent surgery+chemotherapy, and 28 (6.3%) received surgery+ radiotherapy. For squamous cell carcinoma, surgery+chemoradiotherapy ([hazard ratio] HR = 1.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.65–1.66; P = 0.873), surgery+chemotherapy (HR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.42–1.22; P = 0.221), and surgery+radiotherapy (HR = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.74–2.39; P = 0.341) had similar OS compared to surgery alone. For adenocarcinoma, surgery+chemoradiotherapy (HR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.36–0.74; P < 0.001) and surgery+chemotherapy (HR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.42–0.87; P = 0.006) had better OS compared to surgery alone. However, surgery+radiotherapy had a comparable OS (HR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.44–1.49; P = 0.495).Adjuvant treatments did not improve survival in stage pT3N0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. In contrast, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy and chemotherapy were recommended for esophageal adenocarcinoma patients.
Leveraging aquatic-terrestrial interfaces to capture putative habitat generalists
Authors: Richards Sarah C , King William L , Sutherland Jeremy L , Bell Terrence H
Published: March 2024

Habitat type is a strong determinant of microbial composition. Habitat interfaces, such as the boundary between aquatic and terrestrial systems, present unique combinations of abiotic factors for microorganisms to contend with. Aside from the spillover of certain harmful microorganisms from agricultural soils into water (e.g. fecal coliform bacteria), we know little about the extent of soil-water habitat switching across microbial taxa. In this study, we developed a proof-of-concept system to facilitate the capture of putatively generalist microorganisms that can colonize and persist in both soil and river water. We aimed to examine the phylogenetic breadth of putative habitat switchers and how this varies across different source environments. Microbial composition was primarily driven by recipient environment type, with the strongest phylogenetic signal seen at the order level for river water colonizers. We also identified more microorganisms colonizing river water when soil was collected from a habitat interface (i.e. soil at the side of an intermittently flooded river, compared to soil collected further from water sources), suggesting that environmental interfaces could be important reservoirs of microbial habitat generalists. Continued development of experimental systems that actively capture microorganisms that thrive in divergent habitats could serve as a powerful tool for identifying and assessing the ecological distribution of microbial generalists.