bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Li-Ion battery discharge study
Authors:   ”Mircea cel Batran” Naval Academy, POPA N.-S.
Published: August 2022

The production of energy from renewable sources remains another challenge. Efficient storage of electricity is one of the current problems in electricity. This paper studies three ways to discharge a Li-Ion battery with a capacity of 4.2V, connected to three circuits with different resistance values. for data acquisition were used USB 6008 (program was written in LabView using NI-DAQmx ) from National Instruments.
Approach of using a system of evaluation indicators in determining the efficiency of ships in the Danube shipping
Authors:   Danube institute of National university «Odessa Maritime Academy», Tarasenko T.
Published: August 2022

In modern conditions, there is an active interest in continuing research to reduce harmful emissions of marine engine exhaust gases into the atmosphere and prepare ships for the use of technologies with zero level of these emissions. It is known that the European Green Deal concept announced by the European Union is aimed not only at the modernization of the inland vessels, and coordinated qualitative change in its composition, but within this framework also at the large-scale implementation of the energy transition as the most effective way to achieve zero emissions into the atmosphere. At the same time, environmental aspects and issues of energy efficiency are considered as a complex task of transition to energy efficient eco-navigation. To date, for the European inland navigation participants, the stages of reducing harmful emissions into the atmosphere are clearly defined and regulated with established numerical standard (reference) values for each of the components (CO, HC, NOx, PM). As for energy efficiency, discussions are still ongoing at the international level about the advisability of introducing criteria according to the principle established by the International Maritime Organization for ships based on the specific mass of harmful emissions (in terms of CO2) per unit of transport work. At the same time, there is an understanding of the specifics of navigation conditions and technologies for transporting goods, which makes us return to comparing energy efficiency and economy indicators. The team of authors made an attempt to find and offer the most comprehensive approach to assessing the energy efficiency and economy of the inland navigation vessels operation, in particular for Danube vessels, with the maximum possible consideration of the features of their operation. An integrated approach to the use of estimated indicators of the efficiency of the existing pushers with heavy convoys allows to achieve an increase in the energy efficiency of the operation of the existing fleet, as well as lead to an improvement in environmental indicators.
Comparative study of the safety of two tugboats using new harmonized stability rules
Authors:   ”Mircea cel Batran” Naval Academy, Pricop M.
Published: August 2022

Tugboat operations present a high degree of risk and to prevent accidents, the crew must know and manage very well all the necessary maneuvers. Stability is a critical aspect for the safety of tugboats and towing operations, so recently new international regulations have been developed. The tugboats perform several functions, the main one being pulling, but by being equipped with certain equipment and installations, the tugboats are intended for rescue, firefighting, depollution, ice breaking and occasional transport. For this study, two categories of tugboats were considered to determine the geometric characteristics, hydrostatic, of stability and longitudinal strength. The Modelmaker module is used to create the ship's body (Geometry File), the superstructure and all appendages, after which the compartmentation is created and the types of compartments and tanks are positioned in the ship's body. To determine the safety of the two tugboats from the point of view of stability, the heeling moment (the heeling arm) that occurs during towing with the righting arm was checked. At the end, the safety status of the two categories of tugboats was analyzed and new projects were proposed for the future, regarding the use of stability criteria for tugboats.
Kualitas Mata Air Lahurus Sebagai Mata Air Tradisional di Desa Lahurus Kabupaten Belu
Authors: Blegur Willem Amu , Fallo Gergonius , Bria Ervina Yanti
Published: August 2022

Kehidupan manusia sangat bergantung pada sumber daya air yang banyak dimanfaatkan untuk kebutuhan rumah tangga, pertanian, dan industri. Salah satu sumber penting pemenuhan kebutuhan air bagi manusia adalah mata air. Konsumsi air minum yang bersumber dari mata air wajib mempertimbangkan kualitas air yang meliputi parameter fisika, kimia dan biologis agar penggunaannya bermanfaat bagi kesehatan manusia. Masyarakat desa Fatulotu memanfaatkan mata air Lahurus untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air minum, mandi, cuci, dan rekreasi. Untuk penggunaanya sebagai air minum, mata air Lahurus belum memiliki data kualitas air terkait beberapa parameter kunci baik fisika, kimia, dan biologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas air di mata air Lahurus berdasarkan parameter suhu, TSS, pH, BOD, COD, dan fecal coliform. Data diambil dengan peralatan standar untuk kegiatan sampling. Titik lokasi sampling berada di bagian atas dan bawah lokasi titik keluar mata air Lahurus. Data diukur secara in situ untuk parameter suhu dan ex situ untuk parameter TSS, pH, BOD, COD, dan fecal coliform yang dilakukan di laboratorium Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kabupaten Belu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai parameter air pada titik sampling di bagian atas mata air meliputi suhu 21,5oC, TSS 11,6 mg/L, pH 5,6, BOD 0,99 mg/L, COD 1,574 mg/L, dan fecal coliform 92. Nilai parameter air pada titik sampling bagian bawah mata air meliputi suhu 21,5oC, TSS 10 mg/L, pH 5,47, BOD 0,62 mg/L, COD 0,776 mg/L dan fecal coliform 61. Kualitas air pada mata air Lahurus dapat dikategorikan sebagai mata air yang relatif layak dan a
Eikonal amplitudes from curved backgrounds
Authors: Adamo Tim , Cristofoli Andrea , Tourkine Piotr
Published: August 2022

Eikonal exponentiation in QFT describes the emergence of classical physics at long distances in terms of a non-trivial resummation of infinitely many diagrams.
Long ago, 't~Hooft proposed a beautiful correspondence between ultra-relativistic scalar eikonal scattering and one-to-one scattering in a background shockwave space-time, bypassing the need to resum.
In this spirit, we propose a covariant method for computing one-to-one amplitudes in curved background space-times which gives rise what we conjecture to be a general expression for the eikonal amplitude.
We show how the one-to-one scattering amplitude for scalars on any stationary space-time reduces to a boundary term that captures the long-distance behavior of the background and has the structure of an exponentiated eikonal amplitude.
In the case of scalar scattering on Schwarzschild, we recover the known results for gravitational scattering of massive scalars in the eikonal regime.
For Kerr, we find a remarkable exponentiation of the tree-level amplitude for gravitational scattering between a massive scalar and a massive particle of infinite spin.
This amplitude exhibits a Kawai-Lewellen-Tye-like factorization, which we use to evaluate the eikonal amplitude in momentum space, and study its analytic properties.
Tax amnesty and company value: Testing tax avoidance as an intervening variable
Authors: Mujiyati Mujiyati , Abdul Aris Muhammad , Zulfikar Zulfikar
Published: August 2022

This study aims to examine the relationship between tax amnesty on company value, analyze the role of tax avoidance behavior to determine the direct and indirect relationship of tax amnesty on company value. The population of this study are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange after the implementation of the tax amnesty in Indonesia in 2017–2020. The sample includes 54 companies in order to obtain 216 observational data points. A multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the relationship between the variables. The tests carried out include partial coefficient tests and model accuracy tests. The results of the study reveal that tax amnesty increases the company’s efforts to do tax avoidance. Second, the tax amnesty granted by the government could increase the value of a company. Third, success in tax avoidance efforts has an impact on increasing the value of a company. Fourth, tax avoidance mediates the relationship between tax amnesty and firm value. These results indicate that although tax amnesty can increase company value, it does not guarantee that taxpayers (companies) will stop tax avoidance.
Algorithm Hill Cipher for Securing Arabic Text Documents
Authors: Nihayah Ulin , Muanalifah Any , Fitriyah Aini
Published: August 2022

This research is an application of Hill Cipher cryptographic techniques in the process of encoding messages in the form of Arabic text. Hill Cipher is a classic cryptographic algorithm that uses modulo matrix and arithmetic in its application. The Arabic text used in the Hill Cipher cryptographic technique includes hijaiyyah letters ا, ب, , ي, أ, إ, ؤ, ئ, ى, ة, space , ., ،, ؟, !, and Arabic numbers 0, 1, 9, so the modulo used is                    . This study discusses the steps in encrypting messages with examples of their application in securing Arabic text documents.
Synthesis of Silica from Rice Husk Ashes with Variation of Solvent (KOH) Concentration
Authors: Nisrinah Markha
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this experiment is to utilize natural resources as the candidate of low cost and mass production of silica and to understand the effect of KOH concentration as solvent to the phase structure of silica. The silica was prepared by sol-gel method with rice husk ashes as the raw material from natural resources. The sample was further characterized by X-Ray Diffractometer.  The grain size of samples was 490,35 nm, 700,88 nm and 490,44 nm for solvent variation of 5%, 10% and 15% respectively. Those three samples contain silica (SiO2) and magnesium oxide (MgO) obtained from XRD data. ©2017 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved
Kinetics Study of Cd2+ and Zn2+ Metal Ion Adsorption Using Zeolite 4A
Authors: Suryandari Ervin Tri , Zulfikar M.A. , Nasir M.
Published: August 2022

Cd (II) and Zn (II) are examples of heavy metal contaminants in waters that cause serious problems because of their toxicity. Therefore, it is necessary to take effective way to remove heavy metal ions from waters. Adsorption method is widely used because it has several advantages, namely high efficiency, easy handling, reusable, inexpensive, and many choices of materials that are used as adsorbent. One effective adsorbent used is a zeolite because it has high selectivity. This study aims to determine the kinetic model suitable for the process of Cd2+ and Zn2+ metal ion adsorption using Zeolite 4A as an adsorbent. The study was conducted by varying the contact time (10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes). The results showed that the Cd2+ adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order model with a value of k = 0.205 g mg-1 min-1, R2 = 0.998, while the Zn2+ adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order model with a value of k = 0.087 g mg-1 min-1, R2 = 0.995.. ©2017 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved
Implementation of Micro Usb Charger TP4056 and Battery Indicator LED in Portable Solar Charge
Authors: Arrohman Donny Auliya , Fikriyyah Nafis Ainun
Published: August 2022

Mobile is a communication tool that is needed in today's era of globalization. The source of the cellphone's power is the battery which if the power goes out and the battery runs out, it is necessary to charge the battery to turn it back on. In this study, a portable solar panel-based charger was designed as an alternative to charging batteries without using a power source. The method used is research and development where this research produces a product. The results obtained indicate that the highest intensity value at 11:00 WIB is 5986 cd, the highest current value before entering the current stabilizer and voltage amplifier circuit is 0.004 A and the highest voltage is 5 V, for the current value after entering the current stabilizer and amplifier circuit. the overall voltage value is the same, namely 0.002A and 4V. This simple portable solar cell phone charger is able to supply power to the Nokia 215 Dual SIM for 5 hours and 30 minutes. There is an LED indicator on the portable solar charger where during the charging process it will be red, then after it is full it will be blue, and when it is running out it will be orange. ©2018 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Genetic Algorithm for Solving 3 Dimensional Time Table Problem Based on Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) Method
Authors: Oktafiani Dwi Fatul , Khalif Muhammad Ardhi
Published: August 2022

Scheduling problems are problems that are often faced by educational institutions, especially at the university level. This is because there are several obstacles in the preparation of the schedule, namely first, there should be no duplication of space, day, and hour. Second, there should be no duplication of lecturers on the same day and time, even though in different rooms and in different subjects. Third, there should be no duplication of group classes (study groups). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to obtain a genetic algorithm as a solution in overcoming the three constraints of preparing the schedule by using the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) method in the crossover process. To make it easier to organize the schedule, a 3-dimensional matrix is used with the x-axis representing (space, day, hour), the y-axis representing (courses, lecturers, credits) and the z-axis representing (classes). This study simulates the scheduling of 20 courses, 50 credits, 8 lecturers, and 19 classes. Chromosomes in this study are permutations of integers 1-20. Each gene in a chromosome represents a course package. From the scheduling results, the fitness function is 0.96 for 48 schedule slots (2 rooms x 3 days x 8 hours). For schedule slots greater than 50 (3 rooms x 3 days x 8 hours, 2 rooms x 4 days x 8 hours, and 2 rooms x 3 days x 9 hours), this algorithm is successful in getting fitness function 1. ©2018 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Behavior Study of Periophthalmus variabilis and Boleophthalmus boddarti
Authors: Hidayat Saifullah
Published: August 2022

This Gelodok fish (Mudskipper) which is called as amphibious fish have unique activity that can live in terrestrial and aquatic area. This study aims to study the daily activities of fish population 2 types of Periophthalmus variabilis and Boleophthalmus boddarti by using the scan sampling method and ad libitum. This research was conducted in September 2017 at the mouth of the river Tluwuk, Pati, Central Java. Observations were made for 150 minutes with a time interval of 5 minutes. The results showed that fish activity P. variabilis (v) was different from B. Boddarti (b).  P. varibilis spends more time on land (90%) than in water (10%) whereas B. Boddarti activity is more in water (60%) than in land (40%). Observed activities are walking (a = 24,08 %., b = 11,73% ), jumping (a = 4.01%, b = 0.65%), feeding / catching prey (a = 5,01%, b = 7.82%), swimming (a = 2.01%, b = 11.72%), moving dorsal fins (a = 4.01%, b = 3.26%), moving caudal fins (a = 2 , A = 2.67%, b = 7.82%), escape predators (a = 3.34%, b = 6.51%), head movements (a = 4.01%, b = 15.63%), entering holes/nesting (a = 0.67%, b = 1.95%), and inactive (a = 40.13%, b = 19 , 54%).
Characterization of Magnetic Properties of the Coastal Sand Deposits in South Beach of Manokwari, West Papua
Authors: Ipa Sangaji Hasmi Maharani , Kubangun Siti Hadjar , Bijaksana Satria , Dahrin Darharta , Hasanah Innaa Uswatun
Published: August 2022

Coastal sand deposits containing iron particles (magnetic) can be regarded as iron sand and it generally has color from gray to shiny black yet while it is mixed with other minerals, the mineral will have a certain color combination. Coastal sand in the South of Manokwari Regency, West Papua especially in Wosi Beach, Arfai Beach, and Maruni Beach has a different color of the grain according to the source rocks and the sedimentation process. To characterize the magnetic properties of the three coastal sand deposits, several experimentations were done through measurements of the density, magnetic degree, magnetic susceptibility, and also SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and EDS (Energy Dispersive X–Ray Spectroscopy) tests. The coastal sand deposition has a density ranging from 2.50–5.00 g cm-3 with the magnetic degree between 0.28–36.29 % and its magnetic susceptibility ranged 80.9×10-8 – 7447.7×10-8 m3 kg-1. The coastal sand from Arfai Beach has a magnetic susceptibility between the coastal sand from Wosi and Maruni Beach with the highest value reaching 5135.4 × 10-8 m3 kg-1. This is also supported by SEM and EDS data. The percentage of iron element mass (Fe) of the identified magnetic grain distribution in Wosi Beach sand is 6.71–33.90%, Arfai Beach sand is 11.35 – 38.45% and Maruni beach sand is 15.84–44.41%. ©2018 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Zno/Ag Thin Layer Microstructure with The Effect of Annealing Temperature
Authors: Anggita Sheilla Rully , Setiawan Habik , Sutanto Heri
Published: August 2022

The formation of ZnO/Ag morphology in the form of ganglia structures that are overgrown with grains in previous studies has been shown to degrade the presence of E. coli bacteria. In this research, the variations of annealing temperature were studied, namely 250 ℃, 300 ℃, 350 ℃, and 400 ep when the 4% ZnO/Ag deposition had an effect on crystallinity and morphology. The crystallinity of ZnO/Ag was obtained by using the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) test and the surface morphology of the ZnO/Ag layer using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) test. The results of the research with the XRD test showed that the crystal structure of ZnO/Ag 4% was hexagonal wurtzite at annealing temperature of 250 ℃ and 300 ℃, while the amorphous structure was obtained in ZnO/Ag with annealing temperature of 350 ℃ and 400 ℃. The largest average crystallite size was owned by ZnO/Ag at annealing temperature of 300 ℃ which was 83.408 µm. The morphology obtained from a thin layer of ZnO/Ag 4% with annealing temperature of 250 ℃ and 300 ℃ is in the form of grains composed of ganglia structures. The ZnO/Ag layer with annealing temperature of 300 ℃ had the largest roughness level of 0.422 µm and the largest surface area of 197.233 µm. Meanwhile, the morphology of ZnO / Ag at annealing temperature of 350 ℃ and 400 ℃ did not form a ganglia structure so that the roughness level was low and the surface area was small. The larger the crystallite size, the higher the roughness level, and the larger the resulting surface area. ©2018 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Zeolite-Based Silica Synthesis With Calcination Temperature Variations 100oC, 150oC and 200oC
Authors: Maesari Helisa Duwi , Hidayah Misfalakhul
Published: August 2022

This research on Zeolite-Based Silica Synthesis with Calcination Temperature Variations 100 , 150 , and 200 . The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of calcination temperature on the silica structure contained in zeolites. Synthesis is made from zeolite, NaOH and HCl by sol-gel method and temperature calcination treatment 100 , 150 , and 200 . Zeolite samples were characterized by XRD (X- Ray Diffraction). The results showed that sample A with temperature 100  contains Quartz silica, moganite silica (SiO2),  and Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3). Sample B with temperature 150  contains Quartz silica (SiO2),  and Anorthite (AlCaO8Si). Sample C with 200  contains Quartz silica and Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3). As for the crystallite size in sample A measuring 678.51 nm, sample B measuring 488.16 nm and sample C measuring 488.13 nm. ©2018 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Determining Hair Thickness using the Light Diffraction Method: Verification of the Seven Times Sliced Hair Phenomenon
Authors: Ellianawati Ellianawati , Arravi Muhammad An’im , Wulandari Fitria , Istiqomah Rofita
Published: August 2022

Light or optical spectrum is a part of electromagnetic radiation and has several electromagnetic wave properties; one of them is undergoing diffraction. Diffraction or light bending occurred when a light went through a narrow gap. By utilizing that principle, it was proven that a piece of hair could be assumed as a single gap, so the thickness of a piece of hair could be determined, which lead to the explanation of the phenomenon of a piece of hair sliced seven times.  As a tool, the used sim cardholder is used to put hair using adhesive tape. Then the sim card is placed between the light source and the screen. The light source used is a red laser with a wavelength of 660 nm. Hair is placed in two positions: horizontally and vertically. Hair that is laid horizontally will create a vertical light-dark pattern, and hair that is placed vertically will form a horizontal light-dark pattern. The dark and light patterns on the screen are measured using a ruler according to the order of each pattern that is formed. The hair thickness measurement results using a red laser with a wavelength of 660 nm obtained hair thickness of d = (0.01146 ± 0.00019) cm for hair that is placed horizontally and d = (0.01151 ± 0.00011) cm for vertically placed hair. This data has more or less proven that there is potential to "split" the hair into sections, but it has not been proven that the hair can be split into seven parts, so there is still a chance to prove it.
Effectiveness Analysis of the Utilization Liquid Smoke Distilled from Organic Materials as an Alternative for Fish Preservation
Authors: Dewi Candra , Sulhadi Sulhadi , Darsono T. , Pratiwi E. D.
Published: August 2022

Liquid smoke is alternative preservation fish that does not cause pollution and does not damage the respiratory organs. Liquid smoke contains antibacterial and antioxidant so that it can preserve fish that have a fast rot character. This study aims to determine the characteristics and effectiveness of using liquid smoke as an alternative to preserving fish. The research method applied in preserving fish using liquid smoke is soaked; soaked and dried; and soaked and aerated. The variables in this study include the combination of bay leaves, lemongrass, and galangal; Pandan leaves; and tuna. The results showed that the characteristics of the liquid smoke of bay leaves, lemongrass and galangal and pandan leaves were almost the same clear color, the level of viscosity was like water, and the smell of smoke flavor each stung the distinctive aroma of organic matter. Based on data analysis, it was found that an effective way to use liquid smoke in replacing traditional fumigation was to soak it than dried in the sun. This is because soaking can increase antibacterial activity while drying can reduce water content in fish.©2019 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Analysis of the Results of the Reduction of Cyanide Acid Content in Hevea brasiliensis Seeds
Authors: Putri Diah Ayu Kusuma , Sulhadi Sulhadi , Darsono Teguh
Published: August 2022

Rubber seeds (Hevea brasiliensis) are part of rubber plants that have not been utilized optimaly. The content contained in rubber seeds is sufficient, including fat content of 68.53 g/100 g, proteins 17.41 g/100 g, and carbohydratees 6.99 g/100 g. However, the obstacle faced is the presence of toxic compounds found in rubber seeds namely cyanide acid (HCN) which is very dangerous if it enters the body. The purpose of this study is to find out the right treatment to reduce the content of cyanide acid so that the rubber seeds can be utilized. The research method uses experimental comparative. The variation used in the reduction process is to soak the rubber seeds respectively for 12, 24, and 36 hours by replacing the immersion water once every 2 hours, then boil the rubber seeds into 2 liters of water for 2 hours by replacing the boiled water for 1 hour. The results showed that the greatest decrease in cyanide acid content occurred during soaking for 36 hours with boiling for 2 hours.©2019 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Measurement of Moment of Inertia Through a Bifilar Pendulum Swing Based on a Microcontroller
Authors: Widayati Niken Tri , Lurinda Nadia Wahyu , Hartono Hartono , Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: August 2022

Every object has a tendency to maintain its state of motion. The concept also applies to rotating objects called moments of inertia. This experiment aims to explain the working principle and determine the magnitude of the moment of inertia of objects using a bifilar pendulum teaching aid based on the ATMEGA-16 microcontroller. The implementation method used is the experimental method. The working principle of the ATMEGA-16 bifilar pendulum microcontroller-based teaching aids uses the bifilar pendulum principle. The moment of inertia of an object can be measured using a measuring tool that works at the moment of the inertia oscillation method. The bifilar pendulum experiment consists of an object which is tied on either side by a rope and then attached to a support. Objects are deviated horizontally with a small angle to the equilibrium position and then released, the object will experience periodic oscillations. Based on the experimental results the shorter the distance of the two bifilars, the period will be even greater, and vice versa. The magnitude of the period (T) on the bifilar pendulum is inversely proportional to the root distance between the two bifilar (d). The results of experiments carried out for variations in rope length and the distance between the ropes. The moment of inertia based on experiments for variations in length of rope at 0.35 m is (I ± ΔI) =   kg/m2 ; 0.45 m is (I ± ΔI) =   kg/m2 ; 0.55 m then (I ± ΔI) =   kg/m2 ; 0.65 m then (I ± ΔI) =   kg/m2 and 0.75 m, (I ± ΔI) =   kg/m2.. Furthermore, the moment of inertia is based on experiments for variations in the distance between the ropes at 0.1 m then (I ± ∆I) =  kg/m2; 0.15 m then (I ± ∆ I) =  kg/m2; 0.20 m then (I ± ∆I) =  kg/m2; and 0.25 m then (I ± ∆I) =  kg/m2. The experimental results show that the smaller the distance between the two ropes will produce conformity to the theory of the solid cylinder using the shaft approach through the center.©2019 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Kentong Damping Sound Intensity Level Based on Kentongan Length Variations
Authors: Ellianawati Ellianawati , Arravi Muhammad An’im , Wulandari Fitria , Istiqomah Rofita
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine the attenuation of the sound produced by a Kentongan musical instrument based on variations in the length of the Kentongan. Data were collected in a quiet room by starting to measure the noise and atmosphere of the room. This study used Sound Meter Software with version 3.4.5 with a maximum sound intensity limit of ~ 90 dB, mobile as an intermediary. This study used Kentongan with a length of 1, 29 cm and a length of 2 that was 34.1 cm. Experiments were carried out 3 times with the first experiment without Kentongan, then Kentongan 1 and then Kentongan 2. The sound intensity produced by without Kentongan is an average of 60.08 dB, then with Kentongan 1 that is, with an average of 61.86 dB, and Kentongan 2 with an average of 56.68 dB. ©2019 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Analysis of The Properties and Quick of Wave Creation on A Simple Ripple Tank Using Frequency Sensors
Authors: Janah Anisa Furtakhul , Sugita M. Iqbal , Hartono Hartono , Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: August 2022

Practicum is one of the effective methods for students in learning Natural Sciences (IPA), especially Physics subjects. The purpose of the practicum is to make it easier for students to understand concepts and help explain physics concepts that cannot be observed directly by the eye. The 2013 curriculum demands physics learning to integrate various concepts, so that students have a thorough understanding of a phenomenon. This study aims to determine the effect of spring strain and tube length on the speed of propagation and wavelength. Ripple tank experiments that currently exist, only calculate variations in fluid height, gap size, vibrator frequency, and so on. The method used in this research is experimental, for the components used consist of a set of simple ripple tank tools and frequency sensors. The analytical technique used in this research is descriptive quantitative. The highest and lowest frequencies produced from the small tube were 20 Hz (l=70 cm; = 0.04 cm) and 1 Hz (l=5 cm; = 4.30 cm). The highest and lowest frequencies obtained from the large tube were 52 Hz (l=70 cm; = 0.05 cm) and 3 Hz (l=5 cm; = 4.95 cm). The highest and lowest wave propagation velocities produced by the small tube are 4.3 cm/s (l=5 cm) and 0.89 cm/s (l=70 cm). The highest and lowest wave propagation velocities produced by the large tube are 9.87 cm/s (l=5 cm) and 2.69 (l=70 cm). Based on the results of the study, it was shown that the greater the spring strain, the higher the frequency, the wavelength and the speed of wave propagation.©2019 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Anti-tumor and anti-cancer activity test from Nabeez Ajwa Dates (Phoenix dactilifera L.) water
Authors: Safitri Merdiana Dyah , Fibonacci Anita , Latifah Rais Nur
Published: August 2022

Nabeez dates water is one of the fruits that is used as infused water. Dates contain flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, and beta D-glucans which have anticancer and anti-tumor activity. Ajwa Dates have a higher phenol content than Sukkari Dates and Khalas Dates. Cancer is the number 5 deadliest disease in Indonesia and number 2 in the world after cardiovascular disease. The use of natural ingredients is an alternative for the treatment of this disease. One of the natural ingredients can be used is ajwa dates. The method of testing for anti-tumor and anti-cancer activity uses the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method with shrimp larvae of Artemia salina leach as animals for testing. The results showed that the water of ajwa nabeez dates immersion for 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours has the potential as anti-tumor and anti-cancer because it has an LC50 value of 676.39 ppm; 720.84 ppm; and 903.20 ppm. Phytochemical test results have shown positive samples containing tannins, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids. The test results of FTIR spectophotometry resulted in the appearance of wave numbers indicating the presence of functional groups -OH, C-H, C = O, C-C (sp3), and C-O.©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Test the characteristics of essential oils of fragrant Lemongrass stems and clove leaves as an electric mosquito repellent
Authors: Suwaiya Aisyah , Lestari Indah
Published: August 2022

Essential oils from the stems of citronella and clove leaves contain chemical compounds, namely citronellal, eugenol, and geraniol, which function as mosquito killers. This study aims to make essential oils from fragrant lemongrass stems and clove leaves using the distillation method. Characteristic tests were carried out in the form of determining color, density, aroma resistance, and mosquito repellency of essential oils. The results of the color determination test showed that the essential oil from clove leaves was more brown in color and the density was greater than the essential oil from the citronella stem oil, while the durability of the aroma in the citronella oil was longer than that of the clove leaf oil. In testing the repulsion of mosquitoes, observations were made for 20 minutes to determine the number of dead mosquitoes, then the value of repulsion (DT) was calculated using probit analysis. The results of the mosquito repellent test showed that the DT value of the essential oil from the citronella stem was 60%-67%, the essential oil from the clove leaf was 54%-60%, while the mixture of the essential oil from the citronella stem and clove leaf was 67%-80 %. This shows that the essential oil from a mixture of citronella stems with clove leaves is able to kill mosquitoes better than only essential oils from citronella stems or clove leaves.©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Eugenol isolation of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) flower
Authors: Nurcahyo Heru - , Febriyanti Rizki , Purgiyanti Purgiyanti
Published: August 2022

The use of alternative and complementary therapies as a treatment is growing rapidly, one of them is by alternative medicine that uses steam from essential oils / essential oils from various kinds of plants that can be inhaled and smeared to cure various conditions. Clove plants (Syzygium aromaticum) are one of the producers of essential oils that can be used as an alternative treatment for herbs. In clove oil consists of several types of components. The main component possessed by clove is eugenol which has the highest number among other components. Eugenol are important compounds in clove oil. It is a clear liquid to pale yellow compound with a refreshing and spicy aroma like dried clove flowers, giving a distinctive aroma to clove oil. The purpose of this study was to determine the eugenol content of clove flower essential oil. The use of clove flowers in this study is used to improve the competency of local products that in the future can make the outputs of competitive and economical value. This study begins with the distillation process of clove flower water to get oil up to isolation of eugenol. The identification of eugenol with TLC and testing of eugenol levels with GC-MS. The results showed that the essential oil yield was 3.16%, eugenol yield 42.92%, hRf value 11.46 and with grade 97%.©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Boundedness of Pseudo-Diﬀerential Operator for S0 Class
Authors: Habiburrohman Muhammad , Oktaviani Dinni Rahma
Published: August 2022

Pseudo-diﬀerential operator in a function space is obtained from the Fourier transform of this function space with a multiplier function. This paper will discuss and prove the boundedness of pseudo-diﬀerential operator in Lebesgue space with the multiplier function is in the class S0. The evolution of the pseudo-diﬀerential theory was then rapid. Based on development from this history, it has gave birth to the general definition of pseudo-diﬀerential operator that explain in this paper The general deﬁnition of pseudo-diﬀerential, of course has an applied or representation. One of them is the problem of partial diﬀerential equations in the Poisson equation  have the solution , and using Fourier transforms is obtained. In this case the form can be carried in the general form of a pseudo-diﬀerential operator. The  solution can be estimated for every if operator  is a bounded operator. In this paper, the operator defined with correspondes some symbol that describe this operator is more interest. The conclusion of this paper is the boundedness pseudo-differential operator , so we can estimated this number.©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Antioxidant and organoleptic test of Soursop (Annona muricata Linn.) leaf tea in herbal tea production process
Authors: Syafa’atun Tria , Marisa Nur
Published: August 2022

Soursop leaves (Annona muricata Linn.) contain antioxidant compounds. Antioxidants are useful for protecting body cells from damage caused by free radicals. The purpose of this study was to analyze the antioxidant and organoleptic activity of soursop leaf herbal tea (Annona muricata Linn.). The antioxidant activity test used the DPPH method (2,2-diphenyil-1-picrylhydrazyl), while the organoleptic test was performed using the scoring method. The results of the study stated that the highest taste value was obtained in the 150-minute drying time sample of 2.4 and the lowest value in the 60-minute drying time sample of 2.1. The highest color was obtained in the sample drying time of 60 minutes of 3.5, while the lowest value of the sample of drying time of 150 minutes was 1.8. The highest aroma value was obtained in the 60-minute drying time sample of 3.2 and the lowest aroma value in the 120-minute drying time sample of 2.2.©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Parasicity level of Telenomus sp. parasitoid against Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith eggs in the laboratory
Authors: Putra Ichsan Luqmana Indra , Wati Codrat Dwi Nugroho Sulistyo
Published: August 2022

Telenomus sp. as a biological agent, can be used to control a new pest, namely Spodoptera frugiperda which attacks maize in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to count the number of eggs of S. frugiperda parasitized by Telenomus sp. and to calculate the level of parasitization of the parasitoid Telenomus sp. against S. frugiperda in the laboratory. Research method that used in this research were searching for S. frugiperda caterpillars and preparation of Telenomus sp. The data analysis used in this research was inferential analysis. The results of this study were tested using the normality test, as well as the homogeneity test, and continued with the Kruskal Wallis test. The results showed that parasite level of parasitoid in tube I, tube II, tube III, and tube IV, namely 0%, 23.5%, 18.3%, 11.3%, and the calculation of sex ratio on Telenomus sp. were 2 females and 1 male were found. This study concludes that the number of parasitoids Telenomus sp. affects the level of egg parasitization.©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Diversity of soil Arthropods in Red Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) farm in Sindumartani Village, Ngemplak, Sleman, Yogyakarta
Authors: Putra Ichsan Luqmana Indra , Budi Andika Setyo
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to identify soil arthropods and calculate the index of diversity, richness, evenness, dominance and importance index in chili farming land, Sindumartani Village, Ngemplak, Sleman, DIY. The research was conducted by monitoring the research location, sampling and data analysis. The method used is to use a pitfall trap. Data collection was carried out at 3 locations by placing sampling plots at 4 pitfall traps 40 m longEach research location was named station 1, station 2 and station 3. Then the data were analyzed using the formula for diversity index, wealth, evenness, dominance and important value index. The results showed that the soil arthropods found were 8 orders, 11 families and 15 species. The calculation results obtained from the diversity index value (H`) at station 1 is 1.10986, at station 2 is 1.09405 and at station 3 is 1.17118. The value of the species richness index is obtained from data at station 1 which is 1.40877, at station 2 is 1.99049 and at station 3 is 1.79858. The value of the species evenness index obtained by data at station 1 is 0.48201, at station 2 is 0.45208 and at station 3 is 0.50864. The dominance index value obtained by data at station 1 is 0.51820, station 2 is 0.56397 and at station 3 is 0.50471.©2021 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Synthesis and characterization of SO42-/KCC-1 catalyst as an alternative candidate for simultaneous esterification and transesterification reactions
Authors: Farikhah Ginda Putri , Udaibah Wirda , Mulyatun Mulyatun
Published: August 2022

Sulfate-impregnated acid catalysts can be used to replace conventional homogeneous base catalysts which are very dangerous, corrosive and environmentally unfriendly. Sulfate impregnation on porous support material will increase the surface area of the catalyst. The use of KCC-1 as a supporting material can produce catalysts with excellent properties. The method used in this research is the hydrothermal method for the synthesis of KCC-1 and the direct impregnation method for the synthesis of SO42-/KCC-1. Characterization of the resulting material using X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR spectrometer, and low temperature emission scanning electron microscope (SEM). The characterization results showed that the synthesis of KCC-1 and SO42-/KCC-1 had been successfully carried out. This is evidenced by the formation of amorphous silica, the presence of peaks of silica and sulfate groups, and scanning electron microscope images showing nano-sized materials.©2021 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Analysis of chest X-Ray (CXR) images in COVID-19 patients based on age using the Otsu thresholding segmentation method
Authors: Maesyaroh Uhty , Munawaroh Laelatul , Sumarti Heni , Adrial Rico
Published: August 2022

The infection with the COVID-19 virus or better known as the Corona virus spread throughout China and other countries around the world until it was designated a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). Detection of patients infected with COVID-19 in the form of RT-PCR, CT-Scan images and Chest X-Ray (CXR). This study aims to analyze CXR images of COVID-19 patients based on age using Otsu Thresholding Segmentation. The image segmentation process uses the Otsu auto-tresholding method to separate objects from the background on the CXR image. The results show that the images of COVID-19 patients have pneumonia spots that are not visible on the original CXR image. The average value of the accuracy of the Otsu Thresholding results is 95.18%. Penunomia spots are mostly found in COVID-19 patients aged 50 to 70 years and over which cause severe lung damage.©2021 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Parasitic Protozoa found in the skin, gills, and intestines of Patin Catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) and Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Kumar Veenu , Nugraha Arifin Budiman , Cahyaningsih Umi , Rahmani Tara Puri Ducha
Published: August 2022

The parasitic protozoa found in "Ikan Patin" or a species of Catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) and "Ikan Mas" or Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) are Trichodina sp., Ichthyophthirius sp. and Myxobolus sp. These protozoa have the potential to cause death in fish and economic losses to fish farmers and sellers. This study was conducted to determine the presence of parasitic protozoa on the skin, gills, and intestines of Catfish and Carp. Samples were taken from the Bursa Ikan Hias Laladon or Laladon Ornamental Fish Market in Bogor, Indonesia. Each species was sampled for as many as 30 fish. The skin, gills, and intestines were examined using the native examination method and Lugol staining. Parasitic protozoa were identified based on their morphology, namely size, and shape. The types of parasitic protozoa found on the skin, gills, and intestines of Catfish and goldfish were Trichodina sp., Ichthyophthirius sp., and Myxobolus sp. The parasites were found in skin organs in as many as 29 samples (96.7%) from Catfish and 30 samples (100%) from Carp. The Genera of Ichthyophthirius sp. were found in the gills of 2 samples (6.7%) in Catfish and 1 sample (3.3%) from positive Carp. Myxobolus sp. was found in the intestines of 11 samples (36.7%) from Catfish and two samples (6.7%) from Carp. The species of Trichodina sp. found based on morphology was Trichodina giurusi.©2021 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Dynamic response analysis of bearing-rotor system considering cage whirling motion
Authors: Hong Jie , Zhang Jian , Wang Yongfeng , Ma Yanhong , Cheng Ronghui
Published: August 2022

Dynamic model of bearing-rotor system is developed considering the collision effects between the cage and its guiding land. The modal characteristic and vibration response are studied with the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. It is demonstrated that the cage whirling motion arising as a result of collision with the guiding land would induce abnormal frequency components in the system’s response including the multiple frequency as well as the modulation between the speed frequency and the natural frequency. Additionally, cage whirling motion and rotor vibration become severe when the rotor rotates around its pitching-mode critical speed. It is shown that the amplitudes of abnormal frequencies can be decreased by reducing rotor unbalance in a given range.
Aras Kuş Türlerinin Ses Özellikleri Bakımından Derin Öğrenme Yöntemleriyle Tanınması
Authors: BAYAT Seda , IŞIK Gültekin
Published: August 2022

Bu çalışmada Iğdır Aras Nehri Kuş Cenneti'nde sıklıkla görülen kuş türlerinin seslerinden tanınması üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu amaçla derin öğrenme yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Biyolojik çeşitliliğin incelenmesi ve analiz edilmesi için akustik gözetleme çalışmaları yapılmaktadır. Bu iş için pasif dinleyici/kaydedici adındaki aygıtlar kullanılmaktadır. Genel olarak bu kaydedici aygıtlarla toplanan ham ses kayıtlarının üzerinde çeşitli analizler gerçekleştirilir. Bu çalışmada, kuşlardan elde edilen ham ses kayıtları tarafımızca geliştirilen yöntemlerle işlenmiş ve daha sonra derin öğrenme mimarileriyle kuş türleri sınıflandırılmıştır. Sınıflandırma çalışmaları, Aras Kuş Cenneti’nde çokça görülen 22 kuş türü üzerinde yapılmıştır. Ses kayıtları 10 saniyelik klipler haline getirilmiş daha sonra bunlar birer saniyelik log mel spektrogramlara çevrilmiştir. Sınıflandırma yöntemi olarak derin öğrenme mimarilerinden Evrişimsel Sinir Ağları (CNN)
ve Uzun Kısa-Dönemli Bellek Sinir Ağları (LSTM) kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca bu iki modelin yanında Öğrenme Aktarımı yöntemi de kullanılmıştır. Öğrenme aktarımı için kullanılan ön-eğitimli evrişimsel sinir ağlarından VGGish ve YAMNet modelleriyle seslerin yüksek seviyeli öznitelik vektörleri çıkarılmıştır. Çıkarılan bu vektörler sınıflandırıcıların giriş katmanlarını oluşturmuştur. Yapılan deneylerle dört farklı mimarinin ses kayıtları üzerindeki doğruluk oranları ve F1 skorları bulunmuştur. Buna göre en yüksek doğruluk oranı (acc) ve F1 skoru sırasıyla %94.2 ve %92.8 ile VGGish modelinin kullanıldığı sınıflandırıcıyla elde edilmiştir.
Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi Florasında Saptanan Zararlı Egzotik Arthropoda Türleri
Authors: ULUSOY Mehmet Rifat , ÇALIŞKAN KEÇE Asime Filiz , KAHYA Doğancan
Published: August 2022

Küresel ısınmanın etkileri 40 yıldır dünyada ve Türkiye'de artarak canlıların biyocoğrafik alanlarının giderek genişlemesine neden olmuştur. Bazı zararlılar ekolojik alanlarını genişletirken bazı istilacı zararlıların kendilerine uygun yeni ekolojik alanlara taşındığı tespit edilmiştir. Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi'nin tarım alanlarında son 40 yılda 25'ten fazla zararlı tür tespit edilmiş ve bunların bir kısmı varlığını bile hissettirmemişken, Parabemisia myricae, Tuta absoluta, Drosophila suzukii gibi türler salgınlara neden olmuştur. Bu istilacı türler, doğal düşman baskısının olmadığı zamanlarda salgın yaparak ekonomik açıdan önemli kayıplara neden olmuştur. Bazı türler biyolojik kontrol ve diğer bitki koruma uygulamaları ile kontrol altına alınmıştır. Tarım alanlarındaki kontrolsüz insan faaliyetleri, yetersiz karantina önlemleri ve küresel iklim değişikliği nedeniyle farklı coğrafi bölgelerde yaşayan zararlılar, hastalıklar ve yabancı otlar yeni bölgelere taşınabilmekte ve yeni bölgelerde potansiyel zararlıdan ana zararlıya dönüşebilmektedir. Ulusal ve Uluslararası Karantina Kurumları, bu istilacı türlerin yayılmasının önlenmesi ve yavaşlatılması için kalıcı çözüm sağlamak için koordineli bir şekilde çalışmalıdır.