bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wood identification and tree-ring chronology building of oak pillars excavated from submerged prehistoric settlement (3000 BC), Ropotamo River estuary, Black Sea
Authors: Dimitrov Dimitar Petrov
Published: February 2024

Eighty one well-preserved wooden pillars were found аs a result of underwater archaeological excavations of a submerged prehistoric settlement in the estuary of Ropotamo River, Black Sea. That provokes a scientific interest to identify wood materials.  The longest tree-ring chronologies have been used to build floating dendrochronology series. Anatomical features of xylem showed that 34 out of the 81 studied wooden pillars belong to genus Quercus. The remaining 47 pillars belong to a species of the genera Fraxinus, Acer, Ulmus and Platanus.  It has been found that 8 out of 34 oak pillars have a length of tree-ring series over 30 years. This was the reason to select them for dendrochronological studies. The length of the built floating master chronology for the oaks is 84 years. The lack of strong coherent signal between 34 single oak dendrochronological series can be explained with three different types of oak forest ecosystems, in the area of the Ropotamo River estuary. These forest ecosystems are as follows: oak high stand forests in Strandzha Mountain, oak coppice forests on the Black Sea coast plains and riparian ‘Longoz’ forests of Ropotamo River. The tree-ring series of these forest types have different tree-ring signatures. Based on the tree-ring analysis it can be assumed that the timber of the above-mentioned three types of oak ecosystems was used in the construction of the prehistoric settlement.  
Two new species of Hyalella (Amphipoda, Dogielinotidae) from the Humid Chaco ecoregion of Paraguay
Authors: Mussini Giovanni , Stepan Nicole D. , Vargas Gersey
Published: February 2024

The freshwater amphipod genus Hyalella Smith, 1874 is widely distributed in the Neotropics, with several biogeographically restricted species and a high cryptic diversity throughout South America. Tens of species of Hyalella have been documented from nearby Brazil and Argentina, but no systematic record of the genus exists for Paraguay. Here we describe two new species of Hyalella: H. mboituisp. nov. and H. juliasp. nov. from the Ñeembucú wetlands of southwestern Paraguay. Hyalella mboituisp. nov. and H. juliasp. nov. are characterised by a dorsally smooth body, pigmented eyes, uropod 1 endopod with a curved seta, the dorsal margin of uropod 3 ramus without setae, and uropod 3 peduncle longer than wide and with six setae apically. The two species are distinguished by their diagnostic mouthparts, with a median serrated edge on the lacinia mobilis in H. mboituisp. nov. and two elongated lateral denticles with a serrated edge in H. juliasp. nov., and by the presence of a pronounced cup for the dactylus on gnathopod 2 in H. mboituisp. nov. In addition, they show differences in the number of articles on antennae 1 and 2, in the relative length of the pereiopods, and in the numbers and types of setae on their gnathopods and uropods 1–3. Hyalella mboituisp. nov. and H. juliasp. nov. represent the first taxonomically documented occurrence of Paraguayan freshwater amphipods. These new taxa attest to the largely unmapped species richness of freshwater invertebrates in the Humid Chaco of Paraguay. This potential biodiversity hotspot is currently under threat from land conversion, highlighting the need for more systematic studies and effective conservation of the local invertebrate biodiversity.
Prevention and Treatment of Persistent Epithelial Defects After Common Refractive Surgery Procedures
Authors: Wilson Steven E. , Goshe Jeffrey M.
Published: February 2024

Purpose:

To discuss the prevention and treatment of persistent epithelial defects after the most common refractive surgeries—photorefractive keratectomy, laser in situ keratomileusis, or small incision lenticule extraction.

Methods:

PubMed was used to search the medical literature.

Results:

Persistent epithelial defects are infrequent after photorefractive keratectomy, laser in situ keratomileusis, or small incision lenticule extraction. In the authors' opinion, any persistent epithelial defect present at 1 week or beyond after surgery should be treated aggressively with a properly fit bandage contact lens, lubrication with non-preserved artificial tears, and treatment of any eyelid abnormalities, including nocturnal lagophthalmos. Consideration should be given for presumptive treatment for herpes simplex virus or varicella zoster virus infection. If the persistent epithelial defect does not close within 2 weeks, then other measures should be considered, such as autologous serum drops, topical losartan, amniotic membranes, and topical human recombinant nerve growth factor to limit corneal scarring fibrosis and microbial infection.

Conclusions:

Persistent epithelial defects are among the most feared complications of refractive surgery. Timely and aggressive treatment should be instituted to close the epithelium prior to the development of scarring fibrosis and/or microbial corneal infection.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2024;40(2):e117–e124.]
Long-term Prevalence of Opacification of a Hydrophylic Acrylic Rotationally Asymmetric Refractive Multifocal Intraocular Lens
Authors: Álvarez-García María Teresa , Rivera-Ruiz Esther , Alió Jorge L. , Piñero David P.
Published: February 2024

Purpose:

To determine the prevalence of opacification of a hydrophylic intraocular lens (IOL) with hydrophobic coverage and the percentage of explantations required, determining possible risk factors associated with these opacifications.

Methods:

This ambispective study enrolled 575 eyes of 296 patients (age 36 to 87 years) that underwent cataract surgery between 2010 and 2017 with implantation of different models of Lentis Mplus IOLs: LS-312-MF30, LS-313-MF15, LS-313-MF30, LU-313-MF30, and LU-313-MF30T (Oculentis GmbH). Visual, refractive, and slit-lamp biomicroscopic changes were evaluated in a long-term follow-up. The percentage of cases with IOL opacification and the percentage of cases in which IOL explantation was required due to such opacifications were calculated at each visit. Five of the explanted IOLs from this series could be analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX).

Results:

IOL opacification developed in 63 eyes (11.0%). With 95% confidence, the prevalence of IOL opacification was between 842 and 1,401 cases per 10,000 eyes. The time elapsed between surgery and the presence of IOL opacification ranged between 0 and 9.3 years (mean: 4.7 ± 2.2 years). No significant differences in terms of IOL opacification rate were found according to gender (
P
= .378). No significant differences were found in arterial hypertension, diabetes, hypothyroidism, or hyperthyroidism rates between eyes with or without IOL opacification (
P
≥ .053). IOL explantation was needed in 9 eyes (1.57%). SEM-EDX analysis confirmed the presence of rough areas on the IOL surface containing different components, such as calcium, phosphorous, copper, or nitrogen.

Conclusions:

The prevalence of opacification with time in Lentis Mplus IOLs is high, with no systemic risk factors associated with this complication, suggesting that it may be attributable to the material and/or the manufacturing process.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2024;40(2):e98–e107.]
Retrospective Analysis of Perioperative Dexmedetomidine Use in Retina Surgeries: Impact on Postanesthesia Care
Authors: Xiao Mark T. , Juang Jeremy , Kim Leo A. , Macias Alvaro A.
Published: February 2024

Background and Objective:

Dexmedetomidine (Precedex
®
) has been linked to depressive hemodynamic effects and increased length of stay in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) when used in ambulatory phacoemulsification procedures. We aimed to determine the prevalence and impact of dexmedetomidine use during ambulatory vitreoretinal procedures.

Patients and Methods:

This retrospective cohort study involved 9,666 adult vitrectomies. Cases were divided into groups by anesthesia type: general anesthesia (GA) and monitored anesthesia care (MAC). For each group, various factors were compared between those who did and did not receive dexmedetomidine. Chi-squared and
t
tests were used for comparisons.

Results:

Changes in mean arterial pressure in the MAC group were −1.69 ± 0.23 mmHg for no dexmedetomidine patients and −6.31 ± 0.39 mmHg for dexmedetomidine patients (
P
< 0.01). In the GA group, mean arterial pressure was −6.1 ± 0.35 mmHg for no dexmedetomidine patients and −11.18 ± 0.88 mmHg for dexmedetomidine patients (
P
< 0.01). PACU Phase II time in the MAC group was 36.93 ± 0.37 minutes and 40.67 ± 0.86 minutes for no dexmedetomidine and dexmedetomidine patients, respectively (
P
< 0.01). In the GA group, PACU Phase II time was 58.63 ± 0.95 minutes and 65.19 ± 2.38 minutes for no dexmedetomidine and dexmedetomidine patients, respectively (
P
< 0.01).

Conclusions:

Dexmedetomidine use in vitrectomies was associated with significant PACU delays. These delays may stem from adverse hemodynamic effects.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2024;55:86–91.]
China as seen from Belgium: how does the place of knowledge production affect research on China?
Authors: Liu Shujing
Published: February 2024

This essay offers personal reflections on the question as to how the experiences of living and study in Belgium, the place of knowledge production, affect my research on China. One effect is that it might be more critical to study China from a place of knowledge production outside China, since major theoretical and conceptual debates are predominantly defined by scholars from the Anglophone countries. The other effect concerns the application of the theory and concepts to China issues, for instance, the agrarian transformation in rural China. The author also reflects on how knowledge is exchanged on an international basis, in both Belgian and Chinese academia.
Des allers sans retours ? Les prêtres français en Amérique latine 1961-1984
Authors: Chatelan Olivier
Published: February 2024

Le Comité épiscopal France – Amérique latine (CEFAL) a fonctionné pendant plusieurs décennies comme une véritable gare de triage pour envoyer des prêtres français dans les favelas de São Paulo ou sur les plateaux andins, à la demande d’évêques locaux effrayés par l’aura de la révolution cubaine. Le livre raconte comment les évêques de France ont largement improvisé une réponse collective à cet élan soutenu par Rome, en s’appuyant sur une génération de jeunes prêtres qui, une fois sur place, tombent amoureux d’une Amérique latine mythifiée qu’incarnent alors l’« évêque des pauvres » Hélder Câmara, le révolutionnaire Ernesto Guevara ou l’archiprêtre Ivan Illich installé à Cuernavaca, auprès duquel viennent se former des centaines de clercs missionnaires européens et nord-américains. Très rapidement, avec l’instauration des dictatures militaires et l’essor de la théologie de la libération, le CEFAL est sommé de choisir son camp. Les emprisonnements de clercs français se multiplient, accusés d’être des agents du communisme mondial. Tout à la fois instance officielle de l’épiscopat et caisse de résonance des militants tiers-mondistes, le Comité navigue à vue dans un contexte politique et religieux qui s’est radicalisé et il ne peut empêcher l’assassinat de deux des siens, Gabriel Longueville et André Jarlan. Cet ouvrage est une invitation à découvrir une histoire transatlantique jamais écrite, celle d’un moment « Amérique latine » en France qui, à travers un imaginaire et des engagements, a suscité des malentendus mais aussi des amitiés durables. Passeurs entre deux mondes, ces hommes aux trajectoires souvent peu ordinaires se sont brûlés au contact des tensions politiques, sociales et ecclésiales.
Besparen met herhuisvesting? Een kostenvergelijking met thuisloosheid
Authors: Carlier Justine , Verdonck Magali
Published: February 2024

La mise en place du projet « Housing First » dans plusieurs pays tels que la France et le Canada, a mis en évidence que permettre aux sans-abris d’obtenir un logement afin de les réinsérer dans la société pouvait parfois avoir un coût moindre pour l’État que le coût de les laisser dans la rue. Malgré une volonté politique belge et européenne de prévenir et de mettre fin au sans-abrisme, aucune étude n’a été réalisée sur son coût social en Belgique francophone, ne permettant donc pas d’évaluer les politiques mises en place et les changements éventuellement nécessaires. L’objectif de l’étude synthétisée ici est d’évaluer le coût social du sans-abrisme en Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, en tenant compte à la fois des coûts directs, mais aussi des coûts indirects, et de les comparer ensuite aux coûts associé à la sortie du sans-abrisme.
Représentations et stéréotypes des métiers du sexe dans le jeu vidéo
Authors: Goudet Laura
Published: February 2024

Cet article aborde les représentations des métiers du sexe dans le jeu vidéo, en ce que ces représentations disent du rapport entretenu entre créateur·ice·s de jeux et ces métiers souvent obscènes, dans des productions AAA1, indépendantes et pornographiques. Après une étude des lieux où consommer le travail du sexe (TDS), et leur lien avec la narration des jeux, l’étude se penche sur deux types d’exercice du TDS : les euphémisations mignonnes des prostituées et les robots sexuels que l’on trouve en jeu. Enfin, j’étudie les rapports de pouvoir dans les représentations genrées des travailleurs du sexe, pour finir sur les jeux développés pour et par les TDS. Aux représentations fantasmatiques de ces métiers s’adjoignent des témoignages personnels qui dépassent la dévaluation très courante de ces métiers dans le jeu vidéo.
La diplomatie publique à l’heure des réseaux. Mutations des stratégies et pratiques internationales d’influence médiatique
Authors: Koch Olivier , Mattelart Tristan
Published: February 2024

Ayant vocation à introduire le dossier thématique de cette livraison de Questions de communication, le texte évoque, d’abord, la manière dont le champ de la diplomatie publique a vu se développer, dès le début des années 2000, des travaux louant les vertus participatives des technologies de l’internet et faisant leurs les discours emphatiques tenus sur ledit Web 2.0. Puis, il montre comment, à rebours de ces travaux en large partie découplés des réalités à étudier, les contributions de ce dossier, par-delà leur variété, permettent, ensemble, d’éclairer au plus près la façon dont l’essor du Web et des réseaux socio-numériques a contribué à transformer les stratégies et les pratiques des médias investis de missions de diplomatie publique.
La télévision chinoise en Afrique
Authors: Jedlowski Alessandro
Published: February 2024

Sur la base des résultats d’un projet de recherche en cours sur les activités de la société de médias chinoise StarTimes au Nigéria et en Côte d’Ivoire, cet article analyse la complexité des interactions entre les médias chinois et les publics africains, tout en mettant aussi l’accent sur les dynamiques de pouvoir qui les sous-tendent. S’appuyant sur une variété de sources ethnographiques, il plaide pour une approche de l’étude de l’expansion des médias chinois en Afrique qui soit capable de prendre en compte, simultanément, les facteurs macro-politiques et macro-économiques qui conditionnent la nature des interactions médiatiques sino-africaines, les intentions politiques qui les sous-tendent (comme, par exemple, les politiques chinoises de soft power et leur traduction dans des contenus médiatiques spécifiques), et la dimension micro des pratiques et des usages des médias faits par les acteurs (producteurs et consommateurs de médias) sur le terrain.
Réponses… en urgence
Authors: Obadia Lionel
Published: February 2024

En réponse à mon article sur l’urgence de la recherche/dans la recherche paru dans la livraison 40 de Questions de communication, cette contribution reprend quelques thèmes soulevés par les lecteurs critiques et leur adresse des éléments de réflexion convergents sur la nature de l’urgence, l’arrière-plan social et politique qui l’inspire, les modèles culturels qui lui donnent sens et les dispositifs de cadrage de la politique scientifique. D’où il ressort qu’à l’évidence, la notion d’urgence n’a pas finie d’être discutée, tant dans les espaces publics que dans les milieux politiques.
Sur Donald l’imposteur ou l’impérialisme raconté aux enfants d’Ariel Dorfman et Armand Mattelart
Authors: Sénécal Michel
Published: February 2024

L’article a pour ambition de retracer la généalogie du livre Donald l’imposteur ou l’impérialisme raconté aux enfants d’Ariel Dorfman et Armand Mattelart, publié en 1976 aux éditions Alain Moreau à Paris. L’ouvrage s’inscrit dans la dynamique politico-culturelle de la transition vers le socialisme impulsée par l’Unité populaire au Chili à partir de 1970, qui fut dramatiquement interrompue par un coup d’État militaire à peine trois ans plus tard. Il convient donc de situer l’ouvrage dans les contextes politique, médiatique et universitaire de cette période sociohistorique, tout en prenant en compte les débats sur les politiques culturelles issus de ce qui a été appelé le « laboratoire chilien » ainsi que les pratiques médiatiques inédites élaborées en opposition de l’impérialisme états-unien qui affectait les pays dits dépendants comme le Chili, dans des secteurs variés, des mines aux banques, en passant par les médias et la culture. À la fois décryptage idéologique des valeurs et conceptions du monde véhiculées par les comics de Disney et mise en évidence des structures politiques et économiques qui en sont les fondations, le livre constitue un exemple d’une approche critique matérialiste qui conçoit dialectiquement la société comme un ensemble de contextes et de dimensions indissociables.
Échanger, renseigner, négocier. L’expérience de Jacques Bardoux, officier de liaison auprès de l’armée britannique (1915-1918)
Authors: Dumas Clément
Published: February 2024

Intellectuel anglophile et spécialiste du monde britannique, Jacques Bardoux a passé près de quatre années auprès de l’armée britannique pendant la Grande Guerre, durant lesquelles il a cumulé différentes expériences de la liaison interarmées. L’entretien de bonnes relations interindividuelles apparaît comme une condition nécessaire à la transmission des expériences entre les armées française et britannique. L’officier de liaison apparaît aussi comme un acteur important dans le domaine de la collecte et de la transmission du renseignement au service des armées britanniques. L’expérience de Bardoux montre enfin le rôle d’intermédiaire de l’officier de liaison entre l’armée britannique et les populations locales sur le sol français.
An Hebraic Alternative to Mind-Body Dualism
Authors: Olney Sylvia Herold
Published: February 2024

In this chapter, the author describes how medical care in the United States is based on a split perception of the nature of being human, which has led to institutionalized practices that inadvertently contribute to suffering. American biomedicine is also business-driven and turns both patients and their suffering into commodities. The origin of this approach to care can be seen as an outgrowth of a particular Western cultural perception based on ancient Greek philosophy, that of the so-called psyche-soma split, subsequently reified in Europe by Cartesianism. The author proposes that based on developments in modern physics, which reveal the natural order as based on electromagnetic states, in conjunction with holistic approaches to the human condition, an alternative basis for biomedicine could consist of the adoption of an already culturally amenable resource, that of the Old Testament as revealed in its linguistics. The implications for medical care would include recognizing the significance of relationship itself to healing for both patient and practitioner.
Financial Inclusion Literature Review
Authors: Adamo Rosa , Federico Domenica , Notte Antonella
Published: February 2024

The financial sector is considered a crucial factor in facilitating economic growth directly through widening access to finance and indirectly contributing to financial inclusion. The concept of financial inclusion is being constantly developed in academic discourse and EU policy though there is no global definition of financial inclusion. Existing literature on financial inclusion uses varying definitions. Many studies define the concept in terms of financial exclusion, which relates to the broader context of social inclusion while others define financial inclusion. The chapter aims to provide a review of the academic literature on the definition and measurement of financial inclusion in order to describe the main challenges to financial inclusion. The study highlights how financial inclusion and the development of the financial sector can generate various opportunities in terms of economic growth and poverty reduction. This highlights the existence of the strong link between well-functioning financial systems and inclusive growth.
The Relationship Between Bank Credit Expansion and Economic Growth
Authors: Luzendo Wilson , Jungo João , Canguende-Valentim Cláudio Félix
Published: February 2024

An inclusive financial system favors easy, safe, and affordable access to financial products and services for all economic agents without discrimination, and access to credit is an important component of financial inclusion. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of credit expansion on economic growth in the Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries (CPLP) over the period 2000-2021. The result of the feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) estimation model confirms that bank credit has a negative impact on economic growth. Therefore, these results clearly indicate that the cost of financing (high interest rates) and the weak development of the financial sector are a major constraint on economic growth in these countries. In addition, the result indicates that encouraging consumption and government spending on education can sustain economic growth.
The Role of Financial Literacy in Financial Behaviour in Angola
Authors: Canguende-Valentim Cláudio Félix , da Silva Pascoal Henrique , Matateu Luís Malheiro , Joaquim Lino Cassivela , Amaro Raphael , Valentim Brian , Sapalalo Eduardo , Cambungo António Mamba
Published: February 2024

Angola's financial system is underdeveloped, with low bank penetration and a lack of access to essential financial services. Through financial literacy and financial inclusion, people can make informed decisions, better manage their money, access financial services, and improve their financial conditions, with the potential to reduce poverty and boost economic growth. The aim of this chapter is therefore to examine the effect of financial literacy and financial inclusion on financial behavior in Angola. The data was collected through a questionnaire administered to 282 Angolan consumers and was analyzed using structural equation modelling. The results indicated that financial literacy has a positive influence on financial behavior and financial inclusion. On the other hand, this study also revealed that financial inclusion does not influence financial behavior. The research contributes to the literature by supporting previous studies on the effect of financial literacy on financial behavior.
The Effect of Financial Literacy and Mobile Payment on Financial Inclusion
Authors: Canguende-Valentim Cláudio Félix , Amaro Raphael , Matateu Luís Malheiro , Valentim Brian Gande , Joaquim Lino Cassivela , Pascoal Henrique Da Silva , Arão Ernesto Wali , Alfredo Artur Pedro
Published: February 2024

Angola faces a number of challenges related to financial inclusion. The country's financial system is underdeveloped, with a low penetration of banks and a lack of access to basic financial services. However, access to financial services can be increased by the use of financial technology in which mobile payment is one of the instruments. Therefore, the aim of this research is to examine the effect of financial literacy and mobile payment on financial inclusion. The study also examined the role of risk perception in mobile payment adoption. Data was collected through a questionnaire administered to 282 consumers, employing Smart-PLS for analysis. The results indicated that financial literacy promotes financial inclusion. On the other hand, mobile payment adoption does not promote financial inclusion. Finally, risk perception has a negative impact on mobile payment adoption. The research contributes to the literature by supporting previous studies on the diffusion of technology and highlights the potential of mobile money as a tool to promote financial inclusion.
Facing Mega-Crises in the Global Era of AI
Authors: Lukacovic Marta Natalia , Sellnow-Richmond Deborah D.
Published: February 2024

Communication discipline, including communication courses in higher education, must aptly respond to the demands emerging due to the rapid developments in the AI technologies and globally widespread application of generative AI. Furthermore, to truly stay relevant, communication education must speak to the pervasive, complicated, and difficult-to-solve mega-crises that are diminishing human security, while growing more severe in the current era, around the world. This chapter explores the approaches within communication higher education that can contribute to mitigation of mega-crises via meaningful and ethical integration of AI-supported solutions. Specifically, communication education should emphasize (1) global alliances, (2) cross-disciplinary alliances, (3) community-inclusive alliances, (4) creativity, adaptability, and acceptance of uncertainty, and (5) establishment of viable infrastructures and platforms that enable global, cross-disciplinary, and community-inclusive deliberation and decision-making.
Generation Alpha and Learning Ecosystems
Authors: Ann Rose E. , Thomas Mary Rani
Published: February 2024

The chapter gives insight into Generation Alpha and how skills and competencies are important in their holistic development. Different generational cohorts have various character traits and adapting capacities. The learning environment of Generation Alpha witnesses a high degree of digitization. Toys are one of the initial sources of learning and skill development in a child. Prior to formal education, these toys are the first sources of skill enhancement in children. The current research employed primary data collection to gauge the relevance of toys and their influence on a child's life. Four hundred Generation Alpha parents were interviewed for the same. Five predominant skills were identified after a thorough literature review. These five skills were selected based on an inclusion-exclusion criteria, and the questions were asked based on it. The identified five skills were academic, social, cognitive, motor, and imagination and creativity. The results of the study give solid clarity on the skills that are preferred by Generation Alpha parents through the use of toys.
Assessment in the Digital Age
Authors: Al Husseiny Fatima
Published: February 2024

Due to an increasing amount of research, education has changed in recent years to emphasize student-centered learning in an effort to boost academic achievement. Online evaluations and technology have been integrated more quickly thanks to the COVID-19 pandemic and the digital revolution, which has brought both benefits and challenges. This shift necessitates immersive and captivating learning experiences because of cloud-based systems, digital native students, and information technology. Reevaluating technology's place in higher education is necessary given how quickly AI and augmented reality are developing. With a focus on alignment with the digital world, this chapter examines how assessment and evaluation are changing in the field. In the end, it contributes to educational success in adaptive and online learning environments by highlighting the significance of feedback and assessment procedures in assisting students in navigating the digital landscape.
A Look at Cognitive Biases Violating Utilitarianism
Authors: Urkut Selin
Published: February 2024

We make decisions and our decisions affect others as well as ourselves. However, we cannot always think in a completely rational way. Therefore, studies relating to understanding biases affecting decisions and eliminating negative effects of these biases can help us to improve our decisions. In this chapter, omission bias, identifiable victim effect, punishment without deterrence, ex-ante equality, and parochialism, which are considered deviations from utilitarianism, are examined. The reasons for the occurrence of them and some possible effects of these biases on the decisions taken and policies created are discussed. Ways to improve rational thinking and to reduce the negative effects of these biases are mentioned.
Overconfidence and Optimism Biases in Insurance Purchasing Decisions and Overcoming Them Through Nudge
Authors: Uluçay Ayşe Pinar , Yazici Selim , Dondurucu Zeynep Benan
Published: February 2024

The expectancy theory developed in behavioral finance has led to a significant paradigm shift by incorporating cognitive factors into the financial decision-making process. Deviating from the traditional finance approach, which assumes individuals act entirely rationally in their financial decisions, behavioral finance focuses on cognitive biases within the scope of its examination. A portion of studies in behavioral finance centers on various cognitive biases that guide investor behavior in decision-making processes. In the study, starting from assertion that cognitive biases play a determining role in individuals' financial behaviors, the impact of overconfidence and optimism biases on insurance purchasing behavior is examined from a behavioral finance perspective. Practices that could ameliorate the effects of overconfidence and optimism biases on insurance purchasing decisions are analyzed within Thaler and Sunstein's Nudge theory. Based on this analysis, recommendations for implementing measures to mitigate the impact of the biases on insurance purchase decisions are provided.
Taxonomies of Debiasing Methods in Procurement Processes
Authors: Şen Kübra Tokatcı
Published: February 2024

The decision-making process does not always take place under clear and definite conditions; in fact, uncertainty prevails in many cases. Therefore, decision-makers often make their decisions without a strategy, and they resort to heuristics in order to calculate probabilities accurately and reduce uncertainty. However, Tversky and Kahneman reported that despite their utility, these heuristics have the potential to generate systematic errors. These systematic errors are called “cognitive biases” in the literature. Researchers have identified numerous debiasing methods to address cognitive biases, and by the time of progress, debiasing methods needed to be classified as cognitive biases. Kaufmann developed a taxonomy of debiasing measures in five categories for supplier selection decisions and the existence of these dimensions was investigated in decision-making positions of the procurement department.
Diversification Benefits and Cross-Volatility Effects in Cryptocurrency Portfolios
Authors: Gupta Muskan , Bhatnagar Mukul , Kumar Pawan , Taneja Sanjay
Published: February 2024

This study explores the connection between green cryptocurrency and volatility, a significant feature of cryptocurrencies. The frequent and large price swings that cryptocurrencies suffer are referred to as volatility, and they provide difficulties for traders, investors, and wider adoption. This research aims to ascertain whether environmentally aware practices might contribute to a more stable and predictable cryptocurrency market by investigating the relationship between green crypto initiatives and volatility. In general, this research advances knowledge of green crypto and its possible effects on market volatility. Furthermore, there are several variables that affect the relationship between green cryptocurrency and volatility, including investor behavior, regulatory changes, and market mood.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Authors: Gupta Munish , Bansal Shapali , Sharma Naveen , Goyal Anita , Lakhera Girish
Published: February 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as an advanced technology in the healthcare industry, offering immense potential to reform patient care, medical study, diagnosis, and treatment. This chapter investigates the significance of AI in healthcare, highlighting its applications, challenges, and ethical issues. The chapter explores numerous AI applications, including medical imaging analysis, drug development research, predictive analytics and disease forecasting, personalized medicine, and virtual health assistants. The study also discourses the challenges and ethical considerations related to AI in healthcare. As AI continues to evolve, this chapter discusses its potential to enhance patient results, modernize healthcare operations, and shape the future of medical research.
Unlocking the Potential of Predictive Analytics in Financial Decision-Making
Authors: Mehta Mankaj , Gupta Gaurav , Goyal Rajan , Bathla Devesh , Sarangal Ruhi , Dangwal Aarti
Published: February 2024

Systems for decision-making assistance are gradually using analytical and computational methods to aid in management as well as decisions regarding strategy. In order to use these kinds of technologies to reliably predict economic information, researchers need to understand how to use them. Consequently, this chapter presents a method-based literature assessment with a focus on the subject of predictive analytics. The study covers the time series simulations, association, regression analysis, grouping, and categorization in great detail. It introduces machine learning into the realm of mathematical explanatory modeling. The approaches examined enable future prediction through the analysis of longitudinal and financial time series data collected, preserved, and handled in computer systems. The outcomes of these models aid in improving outcomes for risk administration specialists and financial executives. This review unifies several financial forecast analytic methodologies into a single domain.
Fintech for ESG and Circular Economy
Authors: Gupta Tandon , Chaudhary Rishab
Published: February 2024

FinTech has the potential to play a significant role in promoting sustainability. FinTech can help to drive positive change in the areas of environment, society, and governance. The circular economy is a model that practices the concept of sustainable use of resources. The process is being slowed down by technological issues (such as the need to minimize energy use) and regulatory ambiguities surrounding various innovative business models, but it is encouraging that debates have already begun on this subject. It is time for a fresh, practical strategy that makes use of the most formidable tool we currently have: private capital. A growing number of investors in the worldwide market shows desire in sustainable investments and a candidness to innovative investment approaches. However, global issues like poverty and climate change continue to be urgent. This study will contribute to the growing literature on the intersection of finance, technology, and sustainability and highlights the potential of FinTech to drive positive social and environmental impact.
AI Symphony
Authors: Ghildiyal Varnesh , Kuruva Mahendra Babu , Bahuguna Durgesh , Singh Muskan
Published: February 2024

This study explores the dramatic effects of artificial intelligence (AI) on the economic growth and financial performance of India and the nations of Southeast Asia (ASEAN). AI technologies are changing many industries and having an impact on productivity, innovation, and the economy as a whole as they develop. This study conducts a comprehensive analysis of the literature in order to fully comprehend the present usage of AI in various areas and untangle its complex effects on important economic indicators. The investigation probes how AI is influencing the socioeconomic environments of India and the other ASEAN members by examining their unique circumstances, going beyond a cursory overview. The study intends to shed insight on the potential benefits and difficulties presented by the integration of AI by reviewing the existing literature.
Preliminary analysis of the melanoma multimedia educational program for general practitioners on behalf of the Italian melanoma intergroup
Authors: Zamagni Federica , Falcini Fabio , Magi Serena , Bucchi Lauro , Mancini Silvia , Vattiato Rosa , Crocetti Emanuele , Falcinelli Stefano , Feliciani Claudio , Lombardo Maurizio , Melandri Davide , Pizzichetta Maria Antonietta , Re Patrizia , Ricci Francesco , Satta Rosanna Rita , Gandini Sara , Stanganelli Ignazio , Working Group FAD MelaMEd
Published: February 2024

Introduction. According to the National Oncological Plan 2023-2027 on the importance of multidisciplinary and interactive e-learning training, the Italian Melanoma Intergroup (IMI) has developed MelaMEd (Melanoma Multimedia Education), a national project for general practitioners (GPs) on the prevention and detection of cutaneous melanoma through an online platform and an online course. MelaMEd enables participants to (1) recognize skin lesions that require specialist dermatological assessment, (2) select patients at high risk of melanoma and (3) be informed of the diagnosis and treatment pathway of patients with melanoma. Methods. A free online platform and online course were developed and launched in June 2022. Before starting the course, enrolled participants fill out a pre-training questionnaire concerning the basic knowledge of the disease and the recognition and management of suspicious lesions. After the course, participants will fill out the same questionnaire again. The online course will end in December 2023. Here we present a preliminary analysis of the pre-training results (January 2023-July 2023). The data have been analyzed descriptively. Results. So far, five healthcare centers have participated in the project for a total of 1320 participants. Of these, 298 compiled the pre-training questionnaire. Forty-seven percent of them were aged <40 years. Respondents were almost divided between GPs (47%) and resident GPs (48%). Among the theoretical questions, the “ABCDE” rule and “ugly duckling” sign are well known (96% and 91% of correct answers, respectively), but a lower percentage (68%) of respondents knows the “EFG” rule for the recognition of nodular melanomas and the statement of Breslow thickness (29%). Regarding the series of clinical images of pigmented skin lesions and their management, the percentages rate of accuracy varied from 33% to 87%: melanoma (5 cases) ranges from 36% to 71%, melanocytic nevi (3 cases) from 33% to 84%, whereas the percentages rate of referral for dermatological evaluation varied from 44% to 99%. Melanoma cases referred to dermatologist ranges from 67% to 99%. Conclusions. This preliminary analysis on pre-training questionnaire mainly showed a lack of knowledge of the two major points of melanoma diagnosis (EFG) and management (Breslow thickness), as well as a low rate of participants. We will compare the proportions of correct answers to the questionnaires before and after the course once available.
Integrating YOLOv8-agri and DeepSORT for Advanced Motion Detection in Agriculture and Fisheries
Authors: Duong-Trung Hieu , Duong-Trung Nghia
Published: February 2024

This paper integrates the YOLOv8-agri models with the DeepSORT algorithm to advance object detection and tracking in the agricultural and fisheries sectors. We address the current limitations in object classification by adapting YOLOv8 to the unique demands of these environments, where misclassification can hinder operational efficiency. Through the strategic use of transfer learning on specialized datasets, our study refines the YOLOv8-agri models for precise recognition and categorization of diverse biological entities. Coupling these models with DeepSORT significantly enhances motion tracking, leading to more accurate and reliable monitoring systems. The research outcomes identify the YOLOv8l-agri model as the optimal solution for balancing detection accuracy with training time, making it highly suitable for precision agriculture and fisheries applications. We have publicly made our experimental datasets and trained models publicly available to foster reproducibility and further research. This initiative marks a step forward in applying sophisticated computer vision techniques to real-world agricultural and fisheries management.
The mapping class group of a nonorientable surface is quasi-isometrically embedded in the mapping class group of the orientation double cover
Authors: Katayama Takuya , Kuno Erika
Published: February 2024

Let

N

be a connected nonorientable surface with or without boundary and punctures, and

j\colon S\rightarrow N

be the orientation double covering. It has previously been proved that

j

induces an embedding

\iota\colon\mathrm{Mod}(N)\hookrightarrow\mathrm{Mod}(S)

with one exception. In this paper, we prove that the injective homomorphism

\iota

is a quasi-isometric embedding. The proof is based on the semihyperbolicity of

\mathrm{Mod}(S)

, which has already been established. We also prove that the embedding

\mathrm{Mod}(F') \hookrightarrow \mathrm{Mod}(F)

induced by an inclusion of a pair of possibly nonorientable surfaces

F' \subset F

is a quasi-isometric embedding.
Rezension
Authors: Oldfield-Mariano Melissa , Michelini Juliane
Published: February 2024

Rezension  Katelhön, Peggy / Marečková, Pavla (Hrsg) (2022): Sprachmittlung und Mediation im Fremdsprachenunterricht an Schule und Universität. Berlin: Frank & Timme,.
Learning to Engage With Wicked Problems in Teams
Authors: Hoffmann Michael
Published: February 2024

Complex, societal problems can be overwhelming. Maybe better avoid them. This contribution shows how a cloud-based learning technology—the Reflect! platform—can be used to practice a particular strategy for dealing with so-called wicked problems. By providing a learning experience that is close to collaborative problem-solving in real life, students can gain the self-confidence needed to engage constructively with wicked problems. The approach presented is an example of how philosophy can contribute to general education. After discussing the notion of wicked problems and what is required to cope with them, this article provides information that should be useful for readers who want to include a focus on wicked problems in their teaching: first, a discussion of how the work of learners can be assessed—with examples that demonstrate what is expected—and, second, the results of a survey-based assessment of the Reflect! learning experience from learners’ points of view.
Evaluation of Pedestrians’ Level of Service (LOS) at Some Selected Sidewalks of Dhaka
Authors: Roy Subrata , Rakib Mominul Haque , Rahman Md Sahinur , Supit Sazia Parvez , Fatema Mst. Kanij
Published: February 2024

As the population of Dhaka is growing very rapidly, the sustainable transport strategy of Dhaka should try to preserve and expand the modal share of pedestrians, which accounts for the majority of all short trips made however unfortunately pedestrian zones are probably the most neglected and underutilized in Dhaka transportation system. This study focuses on assessing pedestrian behaviour at crosswalks. The basic relationship between flow – energy – densities was analyzed and analyzed in Dhaka. A video recording technique was used at the four study sites to observe pedestrian characteristics such as flow and movement. These data were used to simulate mathematical models yielding the aforementioned relationships. A decision coefficient, R2, was calculated to obtain the best fit for each relationship. The results of this study were compared with those of other studies. Finally, Level of Service (LOS) restrictions for pedestrians on the sidewalks were defined. Our Study area was Notun Bazar, Badda, and Gulshan-1 & Gulshan-2. At each location, we collected data from 150 meters and divided it into 3 portions. In the Notun Bazar sidewalk, the width is 6 feet, and the total number of passing people in 60 minutes is 1870 nos. total obstacle is 5nos. On the Notun Bazar sidewalk, the width is 10 feet, total number of passing people in 60 minutes is 4570nos. In the Gulshan-2 sidewalk, the width is 19.5 feet, total number of passing people in 60min is 1112 nos. We obtained the Notun Bazar and Badda Link Road for the Pedestrian Level of Service categories. E. Gulshan- 2 the Pedestrian Level of Service D. Gulshan 1 the pedestrian level of service C. Badda & Notun Bazar has the worst scenario among our four selected locations. There are temporary shops and electric poles in the middle of the sidewalk. It reduces the speed of the pedestrians. So, Sidewalk should be free to increase LOS. Traffic management is one of the best things we can do to improve the LOS. Gulshan 01 is an example for us as it has an automated traffic management system. Gulshan 02 sidewalks have temporary bus counters which also reduce the speed of pedestrians.
Effect of Transfer Pricing, Profitability, and Leverage on Tax Avoidance
Authors: Mediaty Mediaty , Habbe Abdul Hamid , Awaluddin Muhammad Rafly
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study is to improve the learning outcomes of students in mathematics subjects on the material of building curved side space through the Jigzaw cooperative learning model in grade IX SMP Negeri 3 Kesugihan Cilacap Regency. One of the efforts to improve learning outcomes is through the learning process using the Jigzaw cooperative learning model. The method used is the Kemmis and Mc Taggart model Classroom Action Research methods which consist of two cycles. This research was conducted from September 2020 to October 2020 in class IX-A SMP Negeri 3 Kesugihn Kab. Cilacap. The indicators of learning outcomes achieved in siculus I are the completeness of student learning reaching 71.8% with an average value of 71.8 and in cycle II the completeness of student learning reaches 100% with an average value of 96.61. This is supported by the average value of student activity which always increases in each cycle, namely in cycle I it reaches 71.8% and cycle II reaches 100%. Thus, it can be concluded that Jigzaw's cooperative learning model can improve student learning outcomes on the material to build curved side spaces
Pengabdian dan Pengembangan Inovasi Pelaku Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah di Daerah Kecamatan Jetis Pingit Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Korain Loisa , As’ari Hasim
Published: February 2024

This treatment was carried out in the Jetis Pingit sub-district, Yogyakarta City. Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are a reliable part of the economy and their existence is highly regarded. MSMEs make a sufficient contribution to the Indonesian economy, especially in Jetis Pingit District, Yogyakarta City, which can absorb labor and reduce labor in the Pingit area. The existence of MSMEs can play an important role in the Indonesian economy, because they make a significant contribution, especially in the formation of gross domestic product and employment energy absorption. There are many problems faced by MSMEs in the continuity of their business, especially from understanding MSME development strategies. This service aims to identify MSME players in creating their own business development strategies and further develop their businesses more advanced. In this strategy, can MSME players carry out this strategy better in developing MSMEs? The method used in this service is the question and answer method or direct interview. The results of this implementation can be expected for MSME actors to be able to carry out good strategies in developing MSEs. In developing products for MSMEs in Jetis Kampung Pingit that are advanced and beneficial for all, the activities carried out in Kampung Pingit are held smoothly and very well. In product development for MSMEs in Jetis Kampung Pingit.