bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Engaging in Turbulent Times
Authors: Viaene Stijn , De Hertogh Steven , Jolyon Olivier
Published: October 2011

In 2008, the global financial and economic crisis (GFEC) took many businesses around the world by surprise. After a period of steady growth, companies found themselves suddenly confronted with high levels of uncertainty about the evolution of major economic and social forces. This paper investigates the hypothesis that, during these turbulent times, a number of companies took the opportunity to re-invigorate their business-IT engagement practices. The study was based on 28 interviews with CIOs and CFOs (conducted in 2009) for whom the GFEC has provided a context in which the CIO and the IT department could prove their worth as true business partners beyond mere short-term cost-cutting. In this article, the authors also present a theme-based compilation of key insights that describe the opportunities these executives saw for a more effective engagement between business and IT.
Attributes of Communication Quality in Business Process Outsourcing Relationships
Authors: Knol Arjan J. , Berghout Egon , Boonstra Albert
Published: October 2011

In the past decade, offshore business process outsourcing (BPO) has gained considerable momentum within the global economic landscape. Western companies tend to outsource their business processes to emerging economies, such as India. Research indicates that high quality communication is a crucial element in the success of outsourcing relationships. However, in practice, communication is a problematic factor. In this paper, the authors analyse this complexity by developing and applying a theoretically based BPO-communication quality model. In the empirical part of this study, communication attributes associated with business process outsourcing are investigated through semi-structured interviews with Indian insourcing managers. Multiple communication issues are identified and categorized into several main attributes of communication quality. The model and the findings can be used for further research in the field of BPO. In addition, practical suggestions are provided to resolve the current communication problems and improve outsourcing relationships.
Cognitive Aeronautical Communication System
Authors: Haque Jamal , Erturk M. , Arslan Huseyin , Moreno Wilfrido
Published: October 2011

The paper explores the system and architecture requirements for cognitive driven reconfigurable hardware for an aeronautical platform, such as commercial aircraft or high altitude platforms. With advances in components and processing hardware, mobile platforms are ideal candidates to have configurable hardware that can morph itself, given the location and available wireless service. This paper proposes a system for an intelligent self-configurable software and hardware solution for an aeronautical system.
A Femtocellular-Cabled Solution for Broadband Wireless Access
Authors: Di Zenobio Dario , Celidonio Massimo , Pulcini Lorenzo , Rufini Arianna
Published: October 2011

Broadband Wireless Access is a strategic opportunity for mobile operators which aim to provide connectivity in digital divide areas, in order to accelerate speed of deployment and save in installation costs. This paper presents an innovative approach to access the end user, relying on infrastructural integration of femtocellular technology with existing cabled network. Usually, the adoption of Femtocell Access Points, operating in the licensed cellular bands typically designed to be used in SOHO, improves the radio coverage and the building penetration of the existing mobile networks, based on macrocells. In the proposed solution, the peculiar functionality of femtocells is further improved using a MATV/SMATV cabled infrastructure which facilitates the signal connection inside the building. The potentiality of the solution is even more evident, taking into account the growing interest towards the possible deployment of new mobile technologies, like LTE in both the last portion of the UHF band V and the GSM frequency band, resulting from the re-farming process.
The Relationship between Information Technology Adoption and Job Satisfaction in the Jordanian Construction Industry
Authors: Sweis Rateb , Sweis Ghaleb , Attar Ghalia , Abu Hammad Ayman
Published: October 2011

Despite the popularity of Information Technology and job satisfaction research, little empirical evidence exists of the relationship between IT adoption and job satisfaction within the Jordanian construction industry. This research fills these knowledge gaps by exploring the relationship between IT adoption and job satisfaction from the perspective of construction companies, contractors, consultants, and architectural and engineering firms in Jordan. Measures were developed using MSQ and IT Barometer surveys. Three hundred questionnaires were distributed to investigate this relationship among different companies from the Jordanian construction sector. Descriptive statistics were obtained and hypotheses were tested using multiple regression analysis. Results show that more investment in technology would increase employee job satisfaction regarding intrinsic, extrinsic, and general perspectives.
Information Systems Outsourcing in Large Companies
Authors: Leeney Mark , Varajão João , Ribeiro António Trigo , Colomo-Palacios Ricardo
Published: October 2011

Information systems outsourcing is an indispensable tool in the management of information systems. The set of services contracted to outside suppliers, originally more limited to services of an operational nature, has expanded over the past two decades, and today there is a wide range of services subject to outsourcing. Among them are: the hiring of software development; maintenance of applications; services and communications networks; security of information systems; and many others. Depending on the nature of the services contracted and on the range that the contracting of services has on departments of information systems, the issues involved in project management vary considerably. This article presents the results of a survey conducted among large companies in the Republic of Ireland to characterize, among other things, the range of services that are most often outsourced. The results are relevant in the sense that not only do they enable a better understanding of the reality of information systems departments of large Irish companies, but also enable the management to focus attention on specific services.
An Optimization Model for the Identification of Temperature in Intelligent Building
Authors: Zhang ZhenYa , Cheng HongMei , Zhang ShuGuang
Published: October 2011

Methods for the reconstruction of temperature fields in an intelligent building with temperature data of discrete observation positions is a current topic of research. To reconstruct temperature field with observation data, it is necessary to model the identification of temperature in each observation position. In this paper, models for temperature identification in an intelligent building are formalized as optimization problems based on observation temperature data sequence. To solve the optimization problem, a feed forward neural network is used to formalize the identification structure, and connection matrixes of the neural network are the identification parameters. With the object function for the given optimization problem as the fitness function, the training of the feed forward neural network is driven by a genetic algorithm. The experiment for the precision and stability of the proposed method is designed with real temperature data from an intelligent building.
Minimising Collateral Damage
Authors: Kwecka Zbigniew , Buchanan William J.
Published: October 2011

Investigators often define invasion of privacy as collateral damage. Inquiries that require gathering data from third parties, such as banks, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) or employers are likely to impact the relationship between the data subject and the data controller. In this research a novel privacy-preserving approach to mitigate collateral damage during the acquisition process is presented. This approach is based on existing Private Information Retrieval (PIR) protocols, which cannot be employed in an investigative context. This paper provides analysis of the investigative data acquisition process and proposes three modifications that can enable existing PIR protocols to perform investigative enquiries on large databases, including communication traffic databases maintained by ISPs. IDAP is an efficient Symmetric PIR (SPIR) protocol optimised for the purpose of facilitating public authorities’ enquiries for evidence. It introduces a semi-trusted proxy into the PIR process in order to gain the acceptance of the general public. In addition, the dilution factor is defined as the level of anonymity required in a given investigation. This factor allows investigators to restrict the number of records processed, and therefore, minimise the processing time, while maintaining an appropriate level of privacy.
Cryptographic Approaches for Privacy Preservation in Location-Based Services
Authors: Magkos Emmanouil
Published: October 2011

Current research in location-based services (LBSs) highlights the importance of cryptographic primitives in privacy preservation for LBSs, and presents solutions that attempt to support the (apparently) mutually exclusive requirements for access control and context privacy (i.e., identity and/or location), while at the same time adopting more conservative assumptions in order to reduce or completely remove the need for trust on system entities (e.g., the LBS provider, the network operator, or other peer nodes). This paper surveys the current state of knowledge concerning the use of cryptographic primitives for privacy-preservation in LBS applications.
Innovative or Indefensible?
Authors: Layne-Farrar Anne
Published: October 2011

Cooperative standard setting may be burdened by “over patenting”. Because standards may convey market power to firms whose patents are implicated, “strategic” patenting may enable opportunistic behaviors. Thus, particular concerns have been raised over patenting that takes place after the first versions of a standard are published, as these patents may be aimed at the acquisition of market power. This is a reasonable concern, but another possibility also may be likely: “ex post” patenting may be driven by genuine innovation. Which is more prevalent? To begin answering this question, the author empirically assesses the patenting that occurs within a standard setting organization. The author rejects the first stage hypothesis that all ex post patenting must be opportunistic and conclude instead that such patenting is likely a mixed bag of (incremental) innovative contributions along with some strategic ones. As a result, standard setting policy prescriptions should proceed with caution so that the good is not eliminated with the bad.
Assessing the Link Between Standards and Patents
Authors: Layne-Farrar Anne , Padilla A. Jorge
Published: October 2011

Some policymakers, courts, and academics have expressed concerns that when a firm’s patents are incorporated into a standard, the patents gain importance and can bestow on the patent holder market power that can be abused when the standard is commercialized. This paper extends the existing literature on the effect that standards can have on patents. This analysis has two aims: first, to better understand how an SSO might confer importance on included patents and second, to move closer to an empirical understanding of the impact of a standard on included patents. The authors create a dataset of patents named to voluntary standard setting organizations, as well as the patent pools that sometimes develop around such standards. The authors rely on proxies to capture a patent’s importance or value.
The Battle Within
Authors: Steen Håkon Ursin
Published: October 2011

This paper addresses the concept of internal standards fragmentation in networked technologies - occurring when two or more products remain non-interoperable for an intended service, even though being perfectly compliant to the same core interface compatibility standard. Two main sources of internal fragmentation are identified (“configurational” and “competitive”). A case study is done on the historically observed internal fragmentation within the DVB-H and T-DMB mobile digital multimedia broadcasting standards. It is argued that internal standards fragmentation has important consequences hitherto unaddressed in the literature, including potentially undermining the effects of interoperability and economies of scale expected to follow from the adoption of a single standard. Implications for research, policy and practice are discussed, and advice for further research is provided.
PECA
Authors: Safar Maytham , Al-Hamadi Hasan , Ebrahimi Dariush
Published: October 2011

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have emerged in many applications as a platform to collect data and monitor a specified area with minimal human intervention. The initial deployment of WSN sensors forms a network that consists of randomly distributed devices/nodes in a known space. Advancements have been made in low-power micro-electronic circuits, which have allowed WSN to be a feasible platform for many applications. However, there are two major concerns that govern the efficiency, availability, and functionality of the network—power consumption and fault tolerance. This paper introduces a new algorithm called Power Efficient Cluster Algorithm (PECA). The proposed algorithm reduces the power consumption required to setup the network. This is accomplished by effectively reducing the total number of radio transmission required in the network setup (deployment) phase. As a fault tolerance approach, the algorithm stores information about each node for easier recovery of the network should any node fail. The proposed algorithm is compared with the Self Organizing Sensor (SOS) algorithm; results show that PECA consumes significantly less power than SOS.
Using Watermarking Techniques to prove Rightful Ownership of Web Images
Authors: Al-Nu’aimi Abdallah Al-Tahan
Published: October 2011

This article introduces intelligent watermarking scheme to protect Web images from attackers who try to counterfeit the copyright to damage the rightful ownership. Using secret signs and logos that are embedded within the digital images, the technique can investigate technically the ownership claim. Also, the nature of each individual image is taken into consideration which gives more reliable results. The colour channel used was chosen depending on the value of its standard deviation to compromise between robustness and invisibility of the watermarks. Several types of test images, logos, attacks and evaluation metrics were used to examine the performance of the techniques used. Subjective and objective tests were used to check visually and mathematically the solidity and weakness of the used scheme.
Combinatorial Optimization Algorithms for Metabolic Networks Alignments and Their Applications
Authors: Cheng Qiong , Zelikovsky Alexander
Published: October 2011

The accumulation of high-throughput genomic and proteomic data allows for reconstruction of large and complex metabolic networks. To analyze accumulated data and reconstructed networks, it is critical to identify network patterns and evolutionary relations between metabolic networks; finding similar networks is computationally challenging. Based on gene duplication and function sharing in biological networks, a network alignment problem is formulated that asks the optimal vertex-to-vertex mapping allowing path contraction, different types of vertex deletion, and vertex insertions. This paper presents fixed parameter tractable combinatorial optimization algorithms, which take into account the similarity of both the enzymes’ functions arbitrary network topologies. Results are evaluated by the randomized P-Value computation. The authors perform pairwise alignments of all pathways for four organisms and find a set of statistically significant pathway similarities. The network alignment is used to identify pathway holes that are the result of inconsistencies and missing enzymes. The authors propose a framework of filling pathway holes by including database searches for missing enzymes and proteins with the matching prosites and further finding potential candidates with high sequence similarity.
Influence of Genomic and Other Biological Data Sets in the Understanding of Protein Structures, Functions and Interactions
Authors: Srinivasan N. , Agarwal G. , Bhaskara R. M. , Gadkari R. , Krishnadev O. , Lakshmi B. , Mahajan S. , Mohanty S. , Mudgal R. , Rakshambikai R. , Sandhya S. , Sudha G. , Swapna L. , Tyagi N.
Published: October 2011

In the post-genomic era, biological databases are growing at a tremendous rate. Despite rapid accumulation of biological information, functions and other biological properties of many putative gene products of various organisms remain either unknown or obscure. This paper examines how strategic integration of large biological databases and combinations of various biological information helps address some of the fundamental questions on protein structure, function and interactions. New developments in function recognition by remote homology detection and strategic use of sequence databases aid recognition of functions of newly discovered proteins. Knowledge of 3-D structures and combined use of sequences and 3-D structures of homologous protein domains expands the ability of remote homology detection enormously. The authors also demonstrate how combined consideration of functions of individual domains of multi-domain proteins helps in recognizing gross biological attributes. This paper also discusses a few cases of combining disparate biological datasets or combination of disparate biological information in obtaining new insights about protein-protein interactions across a host and a pathogen. Finally, the authors discuss how combinations of low resolution structural data, obtained using cryoEM studies, of gigantic multi-component assemblies, and atomic level 3-D structures of the components is effective in inferring finer features in the assembly.
Scaling Unsupervised Risk Stratification to Massive Clinical Datasets
Authors: Syed Zeeshan , Rubinfeld Ilan
Published: October 2011

While rare clinical events, by definition, occur infrequently in a population, the consequences of these events can be drastic. Unfortunately, developing risk stratification algorithms for these conditions requires large volumes of data to capture enough positive and negative cases. This process is slow, expensive, and burdensome to both patients and caregivers. This paper proposes an unsupervised machine learning approach to address this challenge and risk stratify patients for adverse outcomes without use of a priori knowledge or labeled training data. The key idea of the approach is to identify high-risk patients as anomalies in a population. Cases are identified through a novel algorithm that finds an approximate solution to the k-nearest neighbor problem using locality sensitive hashing (LSH) based on p-stable distributions. The algorithm is optimized to use multiple LSH searches, each with a geometrically increasing radius, to find the k-nearest neighbors of patients in a dynamically changing dataset where patients are being added or removed over time. When evaluated on data from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP), this approach successfully identifies patients at an elevated risk of mortality and rare morbidities. The LSH-based algorithm provided a substantial improvement over an exact k-nearest neighbor algorithm in runtime, while achieving a similar accuracy.
Boundary Spanning Role of the IS Development Team in Consultant-Partnered Projects
Authors: Lee Sanghoon , Shin Bongsik , Lee Hogeun
Published: October 2011

This research examines the effect an Information Systems (IS) development team has on end-users’ perceptions of system quality and system benefits by transferring relevant knowledge through inter- and intra-firm boundaries. The research context is the prevalent partnership in which an external consultant with relevant expertise leads a client team to undertake an IS project. A high-level research model that depicts dynamics among team competence (for knowledge transfer), consultant partnership (with the project team), knowledge transfer (through inter- and intra-firm boundaries), and project success is proposed grounded on the theory of boundary spanning. Key indicators of team competence and consultant partnership are derived from existing studies. With expected multiplicity in the conceptual dimensions of team competence and consultant partnership, they are designated as second-order constructs with first-order manifest variables. User perceptions of the post-implementation quality and benefits of an information system serve as project success variables. Relevant hypotheses propose dynamics among the studied constructs. Survey data are gathered from both system developers and end-users, and the integrity of the research model and corresponding hypotheses are empirically tested with structural equation modeling. Data analysis confirmed the importance of knowledge transfer for the post-implementation success of an IS project.
Merging Controlled Vocabularies for More Efficient Subject-Based IR Systems
Authors: Papadakis Ioannis , Kyprianos Konstantinos
Published: October 2011

One of the most important tasks of a librarian is the assignment of appropriate subject(s) to a resource within a library’s collection. The subjects usually belong to a controlled vocabulary that is specifically designed for such a task. The most widely adopted controlled vocabulary across libraries around the world is the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). However, there seems to be a shifting from traditional LCSH to modern thesauri. In this paper, a methodology is proposed, capable of incorporating thesauri into existing LCSH-based Information Retrieval–IR systems. In order to achieve this, a mapping methodology is proposed capable of providing a common structure consisting of terms belonging to LCSH and/or a thesaurus. The structure is modeled as a Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) ontology, which can be employed by appropriate subject-based IR systems. As a proof of concept, the proposed methodology is applied to the DSpace-based University of Piraeus digital library.
Impact of Knowledge Management Practices on Task Knowledge
Authors: Muhammed Shahnawaz , Doll William J. , Deng Xiaodong
Published: October 2011

Organizational level studies of knowledge management have been hampered by the lack of measures of individual level knowledge management practices and outcomes that can be used as success criteria to determine whether, or to what degree, specific organizational knowledge management practices enhance individual knowledge creation, sharing, and application at the individual level. This paper explores how the knowledge management practices of individuals are related to the task knowledge they use to complete their work processes. The measures presented can be used as one way to evaluate the success of organizational knowledge management practices. Specifically, the paper explores the individual practices of knowledge creation, knowledge sharing, and knowledge application and how these practices are related to the task knowledge (conceptual, contextual, and operational knowledge) of individuals. A model of the relationships among knowledge management practices and task knowledge components is proposed and tested. Structural equation modeling is used. Results suggest that engaging in knowledge creation enhances an individual’s task knowledge through the practices of sharing and applying knowledge. Knowledge sharing and application enhance operational knowledge indirectly through changes in conceptual and contextual knowledge.
Team Learning and Reflexivity in Technology-Mediated Collaboration
Authors: Andres Hayward P.
Published: October 2011

This study examines technological, educational/learning, and social affordances associated with the facilitation of team learning during technology-mediated collaborative problem solving. An empirical interpretive research approach using direct observation is used to interpret, evaluate and rate observable manifested behaviors and qualitative content (i.e., discussions) associated with team learning and team reflexivity. The theory of affordances and social impact theory are integrated to develop a conceptual model that asserts that collaboration mode (collocated vs. non-collocated and videoconferencing supported) will dictate the quality of information exchange, progressive elaboration of ideas, and the social processes that influence team learning. Team learning is then suggested to give rise to task and social reflexivity behaviors aimed at monitoring and evaluating acquired understanding, adaptation of task strategy, and maintenance of quality intra-team interactions. Results showed that collocated teams did engage in better quality team learning behaviors. Further, persistent reflection on task progress and solution accuracy yielded better team productivity while maintenance of a mutual supportive and positive climate yielded higher perceived quality interpersonal interactions. Theoretical, methodological and practical implications of the study are also discussed.
An Ontological Approach to Enterprise Knowledge Modeling in a Shipping Company
Authors: Kim Sung-kwan , Felan Joe , Kang Moo Hong
Published: October 2011

Modeling approaches are gaining popularity in knowledge management (KM), especially in specifying knowledge contents. This paper addresses the enterprise knowledge modeling. An enterprise knowledge model provides users with an integrated, holistic view of organizational knowledge resources. Employing a reliable methodology is critical to building successful enterprise knowledge models. A good methodology provides an effective and efficient mechanism for developing a model. This paper first reviews the enterprise knowledge modeling (EKM) and its methodologies. An ontology-based EKM (OBEKM) methodology is proposed. Its products, procedures, and modeling language are described. The methodology is then applied to the construction of a shipping company’s knowledge model for demonstration.
Exploring the Effects of a Mindfulness Program for Students of Secondary School
Authors: Franco Clemente , Mañas Israel , Cangas Adolfo J. , Gallego José
Published: October 2011

This study analyzes the effects of a mindfulness program on a group of students in the first year of Compulsory Secondary Education from three public schools. A total of 61 students participated. A group comparison design (randomized controlled trial) with pretest-posttest measurement was used on an experimental and a control group. The statistical analyses show a significant improvement of academic performance, as well as an increase in all self-concept dimensions and a significant decrease in anxiety states and traits. These results are in agreement with other studies that have found mindfulness programmes to be effective in the educative system. The importance of mindfulness techniques in the educative system is also discussed.
The Role of Outside Affordances in Developing Expertise in Online Collaborative Learning
Authors: Deed Craig , Edwards Anthony
Published: October 2011

Web 2.0 tools have introduced a dynamic aspect to learning in contemporary classrooms. Pre-service teachers require expertise in the use of these spaces. The metaphor of outsideness—engaging with distant peers using Web 2.0 tools—has affordances that support the development of this expertise. In this paper, a conceptual framework is outlined that links a model of developing expertise with the affordances of outsideness and a case study of pre-service teacher education is used to demonstrate the framework’s possibilities and limitations. Implications are drawn for the use of online collaborative spaces in higher education.
Personnel Performance Appraisal Coverage in ITIL, COBIT and CMMi
Authors: Casado-Lumbreras Cristina , Colomo-Palacios Ricardo , Hernández-López Adrián , Soto-Acosta Pedro
Published: October 2011

Human capital is of paramount importance in the ICT industry. This paper analyses one of the elements which underlies effective management of human assets: performance assessment. This analysis uses the development of a common standard based on the tasks and processes outlined in People CMM, the standard in human resource management designed by the Software Engineering Institute. This framework is evaluated in different models related to IT Governance, such as COBIT and ITIL, as well as other related IT practices like CMMI for Development, CMMI for Acquisition, and CMMi-SVC. The results indicate that COBIT is the only framework that presents reliable coverage in relation to personnel performance assessment.
AHKME eLearning Information System
Authors: Rego H. , Moreira T. , García-Peñalvo F. J.
Published: October 2011

AHKME (Adaptive Hypermedia Knowledge Management E-Learning Platform) is an eLearning Information System that has evolved to fulfill the web-based learning requirements when they are compliant with a Web 3.0 philosophy. The ideas behind Web 3.0 are related to more semantic and intelligent systems. AHKME allows teachers to access standardized resources and evaluate integration and reuse possibilities in eLearning systems, not only content but also learning strategy. The educational resources adaptation in AHKME is supported by a set of collaborative tools, which also allow the users’ feedback provision that is stored in system database. The semantic component in AHKME is based on a set of tools for the instructional designer to create and customize specifications and ontologies to give structure and meaning to resources, manual and automatic search with recommendation of resources and instructional design based on the context, and recommendation of adaptations in learning resources. Finally, AHKME takes into account the mobile learning (mLearning) capabilities, allowing access by teachers and students to learning resources, regardless of time and space.
The Impact of Climate Change in the Modern Enterprise
Authors: Danos Anastasios , Boulouta Konstantina
Published: October 2011

This article analyses the profound and rapid climate changes that have taken place worldwide in the past two decades and their effects on modern enterprise. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions and developing strategies to adapt to and counterbalance future impacts of climate change sustainably are among the most pressing needs of the world today. Global temperatures are predicted to continue rising, bringing changes in weather patterns, rising sea levels, and increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. Such climatic events can have a major impact on households, businesses, critical infrastructure and vulnerable sections of society, as well as having a major economic impact. Therefore, society must prepare to cope with living in a changing climate. The effects of a changing climate have considerable impacts on modern enterprises. In some parts of the world, these impacts are increasingly becoming evident.
A Task Context Aware Physical Distribution Knowledge Service System
Authors: Xiao Liang , Pei Yanli
Published: October 2011

A physical distribution task has typical characteristics of dynamic mobility: dynamic locations, time criticality, and environmental complexity. Research has focused on creating an environmental and task adaptive knowledge service system to support collaborative management of the physical distribution tasks. In this paper, four task context functions are established on the basis of defining customer context, product context, resource context, and network context of distribution task. A task context aware collaborative distribution knowledge service system is built with elaboration and discussion of the service system using an example of distribution center.
Evaluation of Technological Influence Power of Enterprises Through the Enterprise Citation Network
Authors: Wu Jiangning , Wang Shu , Pan Donghua
Published: October 2011

As an important source for discovering new competitive technological intelligence involved in enterprises, patents can be analyzed to identify the technological strategy and the potential competitors. Based on the patent citation information, the weighted and directed enterprise citation network is established. Based on the modified PageRank algorithm, a novel method is provided to evaluate the technological influence power of enterprises. Experiments with this method have been done using the patent dataset in the field of fluid-pressure and analogous brake systems during the 25-year period from 1975 to 1999 from the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Compared with the traditional assessment indicator based on the citation count method, the proposed method is more reasonable in identifying the technological influential enterprises, as it gives a comprehensive consideration of the amount of citing enterprises, the influence of citing enterprises and the citation strength between them. This study helps enterprises discover potential technological competitors, which take the lead in the industry.
Model of Meta-Reflection and In-Depth Analysis of Knowledge Creation Process in Design
Authors: Georgiev Georgi V. , Nagai Yukari
Published: October 2011

This paper proposes a model of meta-reflection and in-depth analysis of the knowledge creation process (KCP). The authors focus on observation of the KCP in research on creative design. The new method of meta-reflection is applied both to reflection on ‘research about design creativity’ and object of research—‘design creativity’. One result of the applied method of meta-reflection was that the analysis of KCP in research on design involved different tacit forms of knowledge and creativity and included a wide spectrum of knowledge processes and knowledge types. The roots of creativity and imagination were identified, which then stemmed into certain parts of research activities, such as development of hypotheses and theory proposition. The authors produced a model of meta-reflection (MMR) and an in-depth analysis of the KCP. This study is a step that provides understanding of the role that human creativity and imagination play in research.
Association Rules Evaluation by a Hybrid Multiple Criteria Decision Method
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Guo Chonghui
Published: October 2011

Various rules can be generated from databases by using association rule algorithms, but only a small number of these rules may be selected for implementation due to the limitations of resources. Accordingly, evaluating the quality of these rules becomes a hot topic in the data mining field. Based on multiple criteria decision theory, a framework for evaluating the mined association rules using TOPSIS method with combination weights is proposed, which takes into account both objective interestingness measures and the users’ domain information. An example of market basket analysis is applied to illustrate the applicability of this method.
A Study of Organizational Narrative Simulation for Decision Support
Authors: Yeung C. L. , Cheung C. F. , Wang W. M. , Tsui E.
Published: October 2011

This paper presents an overview of current decision making approaches. For some approaches abstract information is provided, whereas others require a large amount of labor and time resources to facilitate decision making. However, few address the issues of assisting participants in learning how to make decisions and provide prompt responses to the situations. Harnessing lessons learned from making inappropriate decisions is expensive. To redress this problem, this paper presents a pilot study of the investigation of the psychological behaviors of humans to improve decision making processes with the use of organizational narrative simulation (ONS). By using the ONS method, possible and plausible narrative-based environments can be simulated. Participants can take actions based on their decisions; they can also observe the changes and the consequences. The decisions for handling new challenges generated purposely are validated in a trial that allows prompt responses to the situations. The ONS method is implemented in a selected reference site. The implementation processes, findings, and benefits are presented.
Total System Intervention for System Failure
Authors: Nakamura Takafumi , Kijima Kyoich
Published: October 2011

In this paper, total system intervention for system failure (TSI for SF) is proposed for preventing further occurrences of system failures. TSI is a critical system practice for managing complex and differing viewpoints. First, the authors introduce meta-methodology called “system of system failures” (SOSF) as a common language among various stakeholders to improve their understanding of system failures. The actual application scenario is proposed: “TSI for SF.” The SOSF and related methodologies are used in the course of the subsequent discussion and debate to agree on who is responsible for the failure and identify the preventative measures to be applied. An application example in information and communication technologies engineering demonstrates that using the proposed “TSI for SF” helps prevent future system failures by learning from previous system failures. Three actions are identified for preventing further system failures: closing the gap between the stakeholders, introducing absolute goals, and enlarging system boundary.
Mature Students Using Mobile Devices in Life and Learning
Authors: Kukulska-Hulme Agnes , Pettit John , Bradley Linda , Carvalho Ana A. , Herrington Anthony , Kennedy David M. , Walker Aisha
Published: October 2011

The paper reports on research concerned with learners’ uses of mobile technologies based on an international survey that targeted students registered in selected master’s and doctoral programmes in Australia, Hong Kong, Portugal, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. The survey findings were enriched by local knowledge, as the authors administered questionnaires in their own countries. The research gives an account of uses of handheld devices by students from departments of education, educational technology, engineering, and information technology in the domains of learning, work, social interaction and entertainment. The paper illuminates learners’ choices in the midst of evolving social practices, and challenges the common preconception that mobile devices are not suitable for academic study. In today’s global education marketplace, educators must know the technology habits and expectations of their students, including those from other countries. Knowing about students’ previous practices and the techno-cultural setting they come from can help institutions determine what mobile applications are most appropriate to support learning.
Identifying the Potential of Mobile Phone Cameras in Science Teaching and Learning
Authors: Ekanayake Sakunthala , Wishart Jocelyn
Published: October 2011

This research was motivated by previous work using mobile phones to support science teaching and learning in a variety of ways. This paper explores in detail how mobile phone cameras can support science teaching and learning during the planning, implementing, and evaluation stages of a lesson. A case study of a science lesson carried out in a school in Sri Lanka is described. The methodological approach of this study is qualitative and data were collected using observations, informal interviews and field notes. The results show that mobile phone cameras support the teacher in a range of ways during lesson planning, lesson implementation, and evaluating learning. Furthermore, the camera function of mobile phones was reported by teachers and students as enhancing the effectiveness of student learning, providing more opportunities for students’ active participation, increasing interactions and collaborative learning opportunities.
Unearthing Invisible Buildings
Authors: Winter Marcus , Pemberton Lyn
Published: October 2011

Recent research has identified excessive device focus as a serious problem in collaborative mobile learning as it undermines key ideas of learners engaging with their co-learners in context-rich authentic settings. Various recommendations have been formulated to address device focus in the design of mobile learning technology and pedagogy and foster students’ engagement with both their peers and their environment. This paper describes how some of these recommendations have been implemented and extended in the design of Invisible Buildings, a mobile collaborative game-based activity for schoolchildren. It reports the results of an empirical evaluation of the learning experience with primary school children, focusing on students’ engagement with their social and physical context during learning activities, and providing insights into their behaviour and strategies with respect to device sharing. Findings broadly confirm the effectiveness of the implemented measures and show good student acceptance of the tools employed and the overall learning experience.
Exploring the Challenges of Supporting Collaborative Mobile Learning
Authors: Nouri Jalal , Cerratto-Pargman Teresa , Eliasson Johan , Ramberg Robert
Published: October 2011

Mobile technology opens up opportunities for collaborative learning in otherwise remote contexts outside the classroom. A successful realization of these opportunities relies, however, on mobile learning activities providing adequate collaboration structures. This article presents an empirical study aimed at examining the role played by mobile devices, teachers and task structures as a means for collaborative learning in geometry. The study focused on the analysis of the nature of collaboration that unfolded when students measured areas outdoors in the field. The analysis of the mobile learning activity was conducted from an Activity theory perspective. The findings obtained indicate that the collaboration observed may be impaired if: 1) the functionalities needed for collaborative problem-solving are asymmetrically distributed on a number of mobile devices; 2) task-related information is not accessible to all learners; 3) the task structure is not sufficiently complex; 4) teacher scaffolding is too readily available; and 5) necessary collaborative skills are not developed.
Dual-Level Attack Detection, Characterization and Response for Networks Under DDoS Attacks
Authors: Sardana Anjali , Joshi Ramesh C.
Published: October 2011

DDoS attacks aim to deny legitimate users of the services. In this paper, the authors introduce dual - level attack detection (D-LAD) scheme for defending against the DDoS attacks. At higher and coarse level, the macroscopic level detectors (MaLAD) attempt to detect congestion inducing attacks which cause apparent slowdown in network functionality. At lower and fine level, the microscopic level detectors (MiLAD) detect sophisticated attacks that cause network performance to degrade gracefully and stealth attacks that remain undetected in transit domain and do not impact the victim. The response mechanism then redirects the suspicious traffic of anomalous flows to honeypot trap for further evaluation. It selectively drops the attack packets and minimizes collateral damage in addressing the DDoS problem. Results demonstrate that this scheme is very effective and provides the quite demanded solution to the DDoS problem.
Improving Effectiveness of Intrusion Detection by Correlation Feature Selection
Authors: Nguyen Hai Thanh , Franke Katrin , Petrovic Slobodan
Published: October 2011

In this paper, the authors propose a new feature selection procedure for intrusion detection, which is based on filter method used in machine learning. They focus on Correlation Feature Selection (CFS) and transform the problem of feature selection by means of CFS measure into a mixed 0-1 linear programming problem with a number of constraints and variables that is linear in the number of full set features. The mixed 0-1 linear programming problem can then be solved by using branch-and-bound algorithm. This feature selection algorithm was compared experimentally with the best-first-CFS and the genetic-algorithm-CFS methods regarding the feature selection capabilities. Classification accuracies obtained after the feature selection by means of the C4.5 and the BayesNet over the KDD CUP’99 dataset were also tested. Experiments show that the authors’ method outperforms the best-first-CFS and the genetic-algorithm-CFS methods by removing much more redundant features while keeping the classification accuracies or getting better performances.
Threat and Risk-Driven Security Requirements Engineering
Authors: Schmidt Holger
Published: October 2011

In this paper, the author aim to present a threat and risk-driven methodology to security requirements engineering. The chosen approach has a strong focus on gathering, modeling, and analyzing the environment in which a secure ICT-system to be built is located. The knowledge about the environment comprises threat and risk models. As presented in the paper, this security-relevant knowledge is used to assess the adequacy of security mechanisms, which are then selected to establish security requirements.
Establishing A Personalized Information Security Culture
Authors: Talib Shuhaili , Clarke Nathan L. , Furnell Steven M.
Published: October 2011

Good security cannot be achieved through technical means alone and a solid understanding of the issues and how to protect one’s self is required from users. Whilst many initiatives, programs and strategies have been proposed to improve the level of information security awareness, most have been directed at organizations. Given people’s use of technology is primarily focused between the workplace and home; this paper seeks to understand the knowledge and practice relationship between these environments. Through a developed survey, it was identified that the majority of the learning about information security occurred in the workplace, where clear motivations, such as legislation and regulation, existed. Results found that users were more than willing to engage with such awareness raising initiatives. From a comparison of practice between work and home environments, it was found that this knowledge and practice obtained at the workplace was transferred to the home environment. Given this positive transferability of knowledge and the willingness to learn about how to remain secure, an opportunity exists to move away from specific organizational awareness programs and to move towards awareness raising strategies that will develop an all-round individual security culture for users independent of the environment they are operating in.
An Adaptive Backoff Algorithm for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks
Authors: Khamayseh Yaser , Yassein Muneer Bani , Badran Iman I. , Mardini Wail
Published: October 2011

Collision is a common problem in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs). There are several backoff algorithms that have been proposed to avoid this problem. This paper proposes a new backoff algorithm called the Square Root Backoff (SRB). Moreover, it identifies that no algorithm can perform the best in all cases. Therefore, an adaptive strategy is proposed to choose the best backoff mechanism from a set of mechanisms based on network density and mobility parameters. The proposed adaptive algorithm is implemented in two phases, the offline phase and the online phase. Such design aims at reducing the time complexity of the algorithm by performing some of the computations prior to the actual deployment and of the network. Results from simulations demonstrate that the SRB algorithm achieved better performance than BEB and LB. Moreover, the adaptive backoff algorithm obtains the best throughput and end-to-end delay performance over the other backoff algorithms.