bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF BHAISHAJYA KALPANA
Authors: Asore Gangaprasad , Chavan Shardul , Sonawane Vishakha Vivek
Published: March 2021

Bhaishajya Kalpana is an important branch of Ayurveda which mainly deals with the preparation of vari-ous Ayurvedic formulations. The acceptability of alternative medicines particularly the herbal medicinal formulations has now become a critical need of time. In this article the fundamental principles of Bhaisha-jya Kalpana (Ayurvedic pharmaceutics) has been taken into account so that one can understand the per-spective behind the formulations describe in ancient Ayurved Samhitas. The basic principles of ayurvedic drug formulations and pharmaceutics are basically Paribhasha, Mana, Panchavidha kashaya kalpana, Ra-sa-Guna-Veery-Vipaka, Anukta or Visheshokta Grahan etc.

Keywords: Bhaishajya Kalpana, Ayurvedic pharmaceutics, Fundamental principles
AN ANALYSIS ON MENTAL WELLBEING AND DANCE PRACTICE W.S.R TO INDIAN CLASSICAL DANCE FORMS
Authors: Kumari Nisha
Published: March 2021

Body expresses its existence because of mind that emotes, similarly mind needs body as media for the ex-pression of its existence. Thus, Mind, Body and Spirit coordinate with each other for balancing functionali-ty in humans and promote health. Dance is one of the mediums that bring synchronization or the coordina-tion between them. The neurological, muscular and emotional elements of the body respond to dance in all constructive ways. The article analyzes all those components that help mind and emotions to remain well composed by regular dance practice. The focus or concentration, the mental activity and tolerance, the pa-tience and stability are all brought into the person by practicing dance. In this study special emphasis is giv-en to Indian classical dance forms as it involves both vigorous as well as delicate foot works and it also has vast array of hand gestures to make dancing more interesting and graceful to practice. Keywords: Natya, Nritya, Manas, Satwa, Medha, Harsha, Prana Vata, Sadaka Pitta, Rajasa guna, Tamas, Mano Vijnana
Slow Computing
Authors: Kitchin Rob , Fraser Alistair
Published: March 2021

Digital technologies should be making life easier. And to a large degree they are, transforming everyday tasks of work, consumption, communication, travel and play. But they are also accelerating and fragmenting our lives affecting our well-being and exposing us to extensive data extraction and profiling that helps determine our life chances. Initially, the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown seemed to create new opportunities for people to practice 'slow computing', but it quickly became clear that it was as difficult, if not more so, than during normal times. Is it then possible to experience the joy and benefits of computing, but to do so in a way that asserts individual and collective autonomy over our time and data? Drawing on the ideas of the 'slow movement', Slow Computing sets out numerous practical and political means to take back control and counter the more pernicious effects of living digital lives.
Digitization of Archival Collections by Libraries in Pakistan: Issues, Strategies, Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Jaswal Bushra A.
Published: March 2021

In the backdrop of a case of a major archive digitization initiative completed by a Library in Pakistan to preserve a decaying last copy of an Urdu News Magazine from 18th century, the author highlights the threats to documentary heritage in general and in Pakistan in particular. The paper gives a comprehensive discussion of the digitization process, its issues, challenges and constraints by highlighting how in Pakistan, libraries and documentary heritage are facing neglect and a threat for extinction due the environmental, economic and political conditions and human threats like terrorism. Discussing the practical and operational problems of digitization work in an environment where the archival digitization is not a common practice, the paper suggests some workable strategies and solutions to overcome the barriers and bottlenecks. The paper is a good example to educate the future digitizers in Pakistan and offers workable suggestions and many thought provoking ideas for local librarians for saving the decaying archives and rare materials held in their libraries, by collective and collaborative digitization efforts.
Thriving at Workplace: Contributing to Self-development, Career Development, and Better Performance in Information Organizations
Authors: Shan Sidra
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the relationship of thriving with self-development, career development initiatives and individual performance in the setting of information industry. The research is empirical in nature. Data has been collected through questionnaire from the librarians working at middle and top level positions in the academic and research libraries of Islamabad, Lahore, Peshawar and Karachi. A questionnaire was distributed through email and in person. SPSS (version 20) is used for descriptive, correlation and regression analysis. The findings revealed that workplace, having elements of zest and learning, can predict self-development, enhanced performance and career growth. The highest correlation was found between thriving and individual performance. The empirical result depicted that mostly information professionals working in libraries have their own personal career goals and they are continuously making efforts to extend their skills needed for future career growth. The study contributes to a better understanding of thriving at workplace by relating it to both theoretically and empirically important organizational and personal outcomes. Practically, the study will help leadership to pay more attention towards adding vitality and learning experience at workplace, evaluating the inter organizational skills inventory, devising stimulating training programs and making suitable adjustments for utilizing existing and extended competencies. Thriving has been considered a most recent concept in the positive organizational research and behavior movements. There are few studies discussing the conceptual ground of thriving at work place but very few empirical researches could be found in this context. Current study will be an addition to the scholarship of management, organizational behavior and information management by discussing thriving at work place and predicting its outcome among information professionals of Pakistan
“Um filho no mundo e um mundo virado": uma análise sobre obstáculos à efetividade do acesso à educação de crianças refugiadas no Brasil
Authors: Tonetto Maria Luiza Posser , Gomes Joséli Fiorin
Published: March 2021

Desde 2010, registrou-se um aumento de fluxos migratórios, bem como o crescimento do número de crianças que cruzam as fronteiras brasileiras, de maneira que merece destaque o debate sobre refúgio de crianças e seu direito à educação como direito humano. Com isso, o presente artigo parte dos seguintes questionamentos: o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro garante o direito à educação a crianças refugiadas? Existem barreiras e perspectivas para efetivação do direito à educação como direito humano às crianças refugiadas no Brasil? Para responder aos questionamentos, são utilizados o método dialético e as técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Primeiramente, analisa-se a legislação que versa sobre refúgio e educação e, a fim de investigar a efetividade das disposições jurídicas, verificam-se os dados disponibilizados entre os anos de 2010 e 2019 sobre a educação de crianças refugiadas. Por fim, pontua-se o conceito de educação como prática de liberdade a partir dos escritos de bell hooks e Paulo Freire.
Niñas y niños migrantes en Antofagasta (Chile): experiencias de inclusión social y polivictimización
Authors: Soto Iskra Pavez , Valderrama Caterine Galaz , Acuña Valeria , Colomés Sofía
Published: March 2021

En este artículo se analizan las tensiones y las oportunidades que experimentan las niñas, los niños y adolescentes migrantes en los procesos de inclusión sociocultural que viven en la ciudad de Antofagasta, Chile. El estudio profundizó sobre las experiencias de múltiples violencias que ha vivido la infancia migrante, desde el enfoque de la polivictimización, la perspectiva interseccional y una visión crítica de la infancia. A partir de la aplicación de entrevistas semiestructuradas a niñas, niños y adolescentes migrantes, sus familias y profesionales e interventores/as, se concluye que existen prácticas de discriminación y racismo en el grupo de pares; se viven situaciones de violencia directa e indirecta en los barrios y comunidades donde habitan; también se constatan casos de maltrato intrafamiliar y de abuso sexual. Las múltiples jerarquías de poder y desigualdad que tiene especificaciones respecto del territorio operan en un nivel discursivo y en las prácticas de los agentes sociales, por lo tanto, se recomienda que la intervención y políticas públicas tomen en cuenta la realidad migratoria regional.
“É uma vida de sacrifício... faço pelos meus filhos” Crianças e trajetórias migratórias em Cabo Verde
Authors: Lobo Andrea de Souza
Published: March 2021

O artigo aborda a centralidade das crianças nos projetos migratórios e nas trajetórias de vida de mulheres-mães no arquipélago de Cabo Verde, África. Primeiramente abordarei a perspectiva dessas mulheres e suas trajetórias de vida vinculadas a projetos migratórios em andamento ou em construção. Por meio das categorias “superação” e “sacrifício”, pretendo demonstrar a centralidade dos filhos em suas estratégias e táticas de mobilidade, sendo as crianças tanto motores que alavancam tais projetos quanto travas que os interrompem ou inviabilizam. A seguir introduzo a perspectiva de crianças e jovens, seus discursos, sentimentos e ações em tais projetos de mobilidade. Busco compreender como é crescer em um contexto em que a mobilidade é um dado que permeia imagens de um futuro que poderá ser sempre vivido em um lugar diferente, imaginado e distante. O artigo pretende abordar tanto a centralidade das crianças nos sucessos e fracassos de projetos migratórios familiares quanto indicar como as mobilidades são centrais nas vidas e projetos de crianças e jovens quando pensam sobre o presente e imaginam um futuro.
Caminhos da participação social na formulação de políticas públicas: infância e migração internacional em São Paulo
Authors: Waldman Tatiana Chang , Breitenvieser Camila Barrero
Published: March 2021

Este artigo propõe apresentar reflexões sobre a inclusão da infância nas duas Conferências Municipais de Políticas para Imigrantes realizadas em São Paulo. Analisar a forma como o tema foi abordado nesse espaço de participação social se mostra relevante já que nele são debatidas as principais demandas da e pela população migrante e são elencadas as prioridades que servem de subsídio para atuação do governo local. A análise é feita a partir da observação de pontos centrais: os eixos temáticos nos quais as discussões foram organizadas, as propostas elaboradas e aprovadas, o número de crianças presentes nas conferências e a forma como foi pensada a sua participação. A principal metodologia utilizada é a análise documental, tendo sido selecionados documentos oficiais. Conclui-se que o tema ganhou relevância de uma edição para outra e que a inclusão da criança de forma participativa apresenta grande potencialidade para o enriquecimento do debate sobre a formulação de políticas públicas.
O encontro com Juan Carlos e os limites do conceito de “não acompanhado” em meio ao deslocamento forçado nas Américas
Authors: Colares Elisa Sardão
Published: March 2021

Em diversas partes do globo a chamada “crise migratória” passa a ocupar as manchetes e o interesse da opinião pública. Entre as “crises” mais recentes, encontra-se na década de 10 deste século o fluxo de crianças e adolescentes mexicanos e centro-americanos movendo-se de maneira considerada “não-acompanhada” por esta fronteira que aqui leva o nome de “cicatriz da desigualdade”. Muito mais que um espaço geográfico e de um obstáculo de arquitetura física, a fronteira México-Estados Unidos revela que o muro é composto por uma arquitetura legal e paralegal voltada à complexa e paradoxal função de proteger e punir o deslocamento forçado de crianças. Entre diversos encontros possibilitados pela pesquisa de campo para minha tese de doutorado, trago aqui o de Juan Carlos em que as circunstâncias desse encontro revelam os limites do conceito de “não acompanhado” estabelecido pelas instituições mexicanas.
Kleine Helferlein fürs Auto
Authors: Kellerhoff Peter
Published: March 2021

Verkehr: Es sind oft die kleinen Dinge, die Autofahrern eine wichtige Unterstützung sein können. Die VDI nachrichten haben sich auf die Suche nach solchen Helfern gemacht und stellen einige vor – von der Dashcam über Ladegeräte bis zur Starthilfe. Von Peter Kellerhoff
Development of a White-Cane-Extension to Detect Automatic Doors
Authors: Uemura Wataru , Hayama Takato
Published: March 2021

The majority visually impaired persons are using a white cane to move within their environment. They avoid to collision the obstacles by detecting objects when swinging white cane touches them. An automatic door is opened when it detects the person comes to it by the sensor, for example, infrared sensor. This kind of automatic doors are very useful because we need not touch the doors in order to open them. However, for majority visually impaired persons, it is difficult to detected automatic doors because they detect the object by touching. In this paper, we propose the detection method which tells the existence of automatic doors to the visually impaired person. The device is consisted of an infrared sensor and a vibration motor. The infrared sensor is put on the tip of the white cane and the vibration motor is put on close to the hand. And when it detects the infrared signal, the vibration motor runs. Then the visually impaired persons can through the automatic door in safety without any cares
Highly Constrained University Class Scheduling using Ant Colony Optimization
Authors: Mahmud Al-
Published: March 2021

Solving University Class Scheduling Problem (UCSP) is a complex real-world combinatorial optimization task that has been extensively studied over the last several decades. Many meta-heuristic based techniques, including prominent swarm intelligence (SI) methods have been investigated to solve it in different ways. In this study, Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) based two methods are investigated to solve UCSP: ACO based method and ACO with Selective Probability (ACOSP). ACO is the well-known SI method that differs from other SI based methods in the way of interaction among individuals (i.e., ants); and an ant interacts with others indirectly through pheromone to solve a given problem. ACO based method considers probabilistically all the unassigned time slots to select next solution point for a particular course assignment. In contrast, ACOSP probabilistically selects next solution point for a particular course assignment from the selective probabilities. Such selective probability employment with ACO improves performance but reduces computational cost. The performances of the proposed methods have been evaluated comparing with Genetic Algorithm (GA) in solving real-world simple UCSPs. In addition, proposed methods are compared with each other for solving highly constrained UCSPs. Both the proposed methods outperformed GA and ACOSP was the best to solve the given problems.
A Novel Performance Measure for Machine Learning Classification
Authors: Gong Mingxing
Published: March 2021

Machine learning models have been widely used in numerous classification problems and performance measures play a critical role in machine learning model development, selection, and evaluation. This paper covers a comprehensive overview of performance measures in machine learning classification. Besides, we proposed a framework to construct a novel evaluation metric that is based on the voting results of three performance measures, each of which has strengths and limitations. The new metric can be proved better than accuracy in terms of consistency and discriminancy.
Evaluación bromatológica de dietas alimenticias, con la inclusión de harina de plátano de rechazo
Authors:   DOCENTE INVESTIGADOR-UNIVERSIDAD ESTATAL AMAZONICA, Enriquez Estrella Miguel Angel , Ojeda Caiza Guido Leonardo ,   Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra, Escuela de Ingeniería Agroindustrial
Published: March 2021

Se considera como ración alimentaria a la cantidad de un alimento que permite cubrir las necesidades nutricionales de una especie. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue desarrollar una dieta para pollo broiler con la inclusión de harina de plátano de rechazo (Musa paradisiaca), la metodología aplicada en el estudio es descriptiva y experimental. El proceso inicia con el lavado, pelado, cortado, deshidratado y molienda. En la elaboración de la dieta se realizó la mezcla de diferentes materias primas e insumos incluyendo la harina de plátano en diferentes niveles de inclusión al (5, 10, 15, 20 %), para así realizar los análisis bromatológicos correspondientes (humedad, grasa, fibra, ceniza, proteína). Se determinaron 4 tratamientos con 3 réplicas. Los resultados obtenidos determinan la mejor formulación el T1, que mostro valores de proteína de 16,88 %, humedad 5,19 %, fibra 1,21 %, cenizas 5 %, grasa 5,07 %, que según la normativa INEN NTE 1829-2014 cumple los parámetros establecidos para la etapa fisiológica final del ave. Se concluye que la incorporación de harina de plátano de rechazo al alimento balanceado, brinda estabilidad en la parte proteica con un porcentaje de inclusión bajo.
Diversidad de aves de los bosques montanos en el departamento del Cusco
Authors: Jara-Moscoso Norma , Aguilar-Condemayta Olintho , Ayma-Cornejo Luis , Vargas-Serrano Karina , Mejía-Espinoza Karol , Olivera-Aguirre Daniela S. , Ochoa Jose Antonio
Published: March 2021

Se presenta un estudio de la diversidad de aves de bosques montanos en el departamento del Cusco basado en revisión de colecciones de Museo y bibliografía. 671 especies de aves fueron registradas en total para los bosques montanos de Cusco ubicados entre los 700 a 3800 m de altitud: 584 especies para el Parque Nacional del Manu, 325 para Machupicchu, 150 para Choquequirao, 131 para Yanatile y 190 para el valle de Marcapata.  El grado de similitud de Jaccard para todos los casos fue menor al 50%. A pesar que existe varias investigaciones en el Manu y Machupicchu, existen vacíos de información en la diversidad de aves en los valles de Marcapata, Yanatile, Umasbamba, la cuenca media del río Urubamba, y Choquequirao.
Caracterizacion de la diversidad citogenetica de Physalis peruviana L. (aguaymanto) en dos ecotipos
Authors: Cjuno H. Olga L. , Madera T. Elena E. , Rosas A. M. Lourdes , Zegarra P. Luz M. , Mariaca V. Concepción
Published: March 2021

Physalis peruviana L (aguaymanto), es una solanácea, herbácea perenne, de crecimiento rápido, se distribuye desde los 1500 a 3000m de altitud, se desarrolla  entre 15-20°C, característico por su gran importancia nutricional y terapéutica (anticancérigeno, antipirético e inmunomodulador) de crecimiento rápido, en terrenos bien o mal drenados con escasa demanda de nitrógeno. En el estudio se caracterizó el cariotipo de dos ecotipos de Physalis peruviana L, uno proveniente del gemoplasma de K´ayra (Cusco) y semillas del ecotipo Huayoccari (Urubamba), las semillas en estudio alcanzaron entre 18 y 21 días de rizogénesis, a partir de las cuales se realizaron, pretratamiento, hidrólisis y coloración de meristemos. Se determinó niveles de ploidía de 2n=24 para el ecotipo K´ayra y 2n=36 para el ecotipo Huayoccari, la dotación cromosómica metacéntrica  fue agrupada en 3 grupos: Grupo A: pares 1,2,4,5,y 7, Grupo B: pares 3,6,8,9, y 10, Grupo C: pares 11 y 12, de acuerdo a la clasificación de Levan, 1964. Los ecotipos exhibieron variación citogenética, lo que se atribuiría al proceso evolutivo de la especie.
HUBUNGAN IMT, USIA DAN KEBIASAAN MEROKOK TERHADAP KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI PADA NELAYAN KUB PONDOK LAYAR
Authors: Mufaidah Siti
Published: March 2021

Abstrak : WHO telah mengidentifikasi hipertensi sebagai penyebab utama kematian kardiovaskular di dunia. Faktor yang meningkatkan risiko termasuk usia, kelebihan berat badan, merokok, dan penggunaan alkohol. Tujuan: penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan antara Indeks Masa Tubuh (IMT), usia dan kebiasaan merokok dengan kejadian hipertensi pada nelayan KUB Pondok Layar. Metode: penelitian ini analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional pada Januari 2019, Populasi adalah seluruh anggota nelayan KUB Pondok Layar sejumlah 90 orang. Sampel sejumlah 49 responden. Pengambilan sampel dengan teknik Simple Random Sampling. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan Uji Chi Square. Hasil: didapatkan bahwa angka kejadian hipertensi pada nelayan KUB Pondok Layar berdasarkan hasil pengukuran tekanan darah adalah sebesar 24,5% yaitu 18,4% hipertensi tipe 1 dan 6,1% hipertensi tipe 2. Mayoritas nelayan sudah mulai merokok sebelum usia 18 tahun yaitu sebesar 62,5% , sudah merokok selama lebih dari 15 tahun sebesar 77,5%, dan mengkonsumsi rokok lebih dari 12 batang dalam sehari sebesar 45%. Variabel usia (CI=95%;P=0,024) dan IMT (CI=95%;P=0,008) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap kejadian hipertensi pada nelayan KUB Pondok Layar. Variabel kebiasaan merokok (CI=95%;P=0,383), usia mulai merokok (CI=95%;P=546), lama merokok (CI=95%;P=0,209) dan jumlah batang rokok yang dihisap perhari (CI=95%;P=0,118) tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap kejadian hipertensi pada nelayan KUB Pondok Layar. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara usia dan IMT terhadap kejadian hipertensi pada nelayan KUB Pondok Layar. Disarankan nelayan perlu melakukan kontrol tekanan darah dan berat badan secara berkala agar hipertensi dapat dicegah sejak dini.
TINGKAT KEBAHAGIAAN PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA PSDKU BANYUWANGI
Authors: Amalia Yuniar
Published: March 2021

Kebahagiaan (happiness) merupakan hal yang sangat diinginkan bagi setiap manusia. Mereka cenderung menginginkan kehidupan yang tenang, nyaman dan membuat mereka merasa aman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan tingkat kebahagiaan mahasiswa fakultas kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Airlangga PSDKU Banyuwangi. Penelitian mengenai tingkat kebahagiaan mahasiswa Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat ini merupakan penelitian observasional. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif, dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 43 mahasiswa Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Instrumen dalam pengambilan data menggunakan skala tingkat kebahagiaan yang dimodifikasi dari Subjective Happiness Scale. Teknik analisis statistic menggunakan analisis univariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kebahagiaan (happiness) pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat berada pada kategori sedang.
GAMBARAN PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING LANJUT USIA DI KELURAHAN LATENG BANYUWANGI TAHUN 2019
Authors: Rifaldi Rifki
Published: March 2021

Sick on humans not only presented by come to the hospital and drink medicine. Individuals with sick can be screening by disruption of psychological health and increased anxiety. The Unhealthy psychological state signed with old age people feel anxiety more than usual. Feelings of comfort with life can emerge from Psychological well-Being. The main objective of this study was to determine a description of Psychological Well Being in the Elderly. This research is descriptive quantitative research using a cross-sectional study. Research held on 13 May 2019 until 14 May 2019. Population in this research is the elderly in RT IV RW IV Lateng Village and a total people has age 60- ≥90 year is 30 people. Saturated sample techniques used in this research. Data was collected using the general wellbeing schedule questionnaire. The data processed through phase cleaning, coding, and then tabulate the data then presented in table form as well as in descriptive. The results showed the elderly have Psychological Well-Being on a good category of 28 respondents (93,3%). The conclusion of this research the level of psychological well being elderly in RT IV RW IV Lateng Village be at a good level. The good PWB well influenced by social support, interaction, activities to prevent the decline of organ function. It is recommended for the elderly to maintain physical activity and communication with their neighbors so that psychological well-being is maintained.
GAMBARAN TINGKAT DEPRESI PADA REMAJA YANG AKTIF BERORGANISASI DI SMK PGRI 1 BANYUWANGI
Authors: Dewi Gayatri Rahma
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTDepression is a feeling of emptiness and sadness that leads to decreased interest in happy activities, resting and eating irregularly, decreased concentration, guilt to yourself, and the emergence of suicidal thoughts. Adolescence is a transitional phase of children's life and adult life can be seen from the growth and development of the body's biological and psychological. Adolescents in Indonesia aged at 15-19 years experience moderate depressive symptoms reaching 22% and severe depression symptoms reaching 7.2%. The purpose of this study was to see a picture of depression in adolescents at X vocational high school in Banyuwangi. This research method uses descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The level of adolescent depression at X vocational high school in Banyuwangi was measured using the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Results: 29.4% of adolescents had mild depression, 17.6% of adolescents had moderate depression, and 2% of adolescents had major depression. The conclusion of this study is depression in adolescents at X vocational high school in Banyuwangi has the highest level of minimal depressive symptoms. Severe depression that occurs in adolescents needs to be treated immediately so that it does not threaten their future.Keywords: Depression, Adolescent, Beck Depression Invetory-II

ABSTRAKDepresi adalah perasaan hampa dan sedih hingga menurunnya minat pada kegiatan yang membuat senang, istirahat dan makan tidak teratur, konsentrasi menurun, rasa bersalah dalam diri, dan munculnya keinginan untuk bunuh diri. Masa remaja adalah fase peralihan dari kehidupan anak-anak dan masa kehidupan orang dewasa dapat dilihat dari pertumbuhan dan perkembangan biologis pada tubuh dan psikologis. Remaja di Indonesia pada usia 15-19 tahun mengalami gejala depresi tingkat sedang mencapai 22% dan gejala depresi tingkat berat mencapai 7,2%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melihat gambaran tingkat depresi pada remaja yang aktif berorganisasi di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) X di Banyuwangi. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Tingkatan depresi remaja di SMK X di Banyuwangi diukur menggunakan Beck Depression Inventory-II. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan sebanyak 29,4% remaja mengalami depresi ringan, 17,6% remaja mengalami depresi sedang, dan 2% remaja mengalami depresi berat. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah depresi pada remaja SMK X di Banyuwangi memiliki tingkat gejala depresi minimal tertinggi. Depresi berat yang terjadi pada remaja perlu segera ditangani agar tidak mengancam masa depannya.Kata kunci: depresi, remaja, Beck Depression Invetory-II
Procedural Creation of Medical Reports with Hierarchical Information Processing in Radiation Oncology
Authors: Vogel Martin , Fahrner Harald , Gainey Mark , Schmucker Marianne , Kirrmann Stefan , Heinemann Felix Ernst
Published: March 2021

Background: For many years, the oncological doctor's letter has been the pivotal means of information transfer to general practitioners, medical specialists or medical consultants. Yet, both creator and recipient require a high level of abstraction, retentiveness and analysis due to the large number of diagnoses and therapies. In contrast to the commonly used structure of doctor's letters, where all diagnoses and therapies are listed in sequential order with all diagnoses first, it is by no means trivial to establish the important chronological and hierarchical context in the description of oncological cases. Additional aspects of importance are the integration of these letters into existing clinical and departmental information systems (for example via HL7 interface), various export formats (for example PDF, HTML), fax and encrypted email. Moreover these letters need a modern layout that, among others, meets the requirements of corporate design. Methods: The requirements for a doctor's letter system are manifold and can only be represented rudimentarily via a normal word processing system. Due to this deficiency we developed a system that covers all special features and requirements for clinical use. The system is based on a scalable and extensible client-server architecture. We use the programming languages Harbour, C++, PHP and JavaScript, Microsoft SQL database for data storage and the HL7 standard as the interface to other information systems such as hospital information system (HIS). Export formats are PDF, HTML/XML. Layouts are generated with TeX, LaTeX and MikTeX. Results: The aforementioned requirements were resolved with the doctor's letter and finding system IntDok. The hierarchical presentation of diagnoses, histologies and therapies provides the recipient with a first outline of the course of the disease. A strict procedure controls the whole process of document compilation and assists the user with many highly regarded tools such as text blocks, import and export (PDF and HTML/XML including barcodes) functions or HL7 interface to other information systems. The software also provides a sophisticated mail merging. All content from previous letters can easily be inserted into the current document. A TeX-server automatically provides document layout including supreme hyphenation so that uniform and perfect appearance (corporate design) is guaranteed. The documents are saved in a MS-SQL database (almost 230,000 documents since 1991), independent of any proprietary formats such as MS-Word. Conclusion: Creation of documents is fast, simple and well-structured. Sophisticated tools guarantee the optimal use of human resources and time. The system is an important module in our overall digital work environment.
Religious and Social Impacts in Turkey During the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Yamaç Muhammed
Published: March 2021

oronavirus, which has become a global epidemic, has and continues to affect entire societies on a global scale in a multidimensional way. After the first case detected in Turkey on March 11, 2020, a number of restrictive measures were implemented to reduce human movement, such as the practice of quarantine in social and public spaces, in order to reduce or eliminate the impact of the epidemic. In this context, health, economy, education, religion, family, business, politics, etc., it has led to significant permanent or temporary changes, transformations and developments in many Social Space. In this framework, it is very important to analyze the changes, transformations and developments arising in social life, religious life and practices and in the service areas of the Presidency of Religious Affairs (PRA) in the context of the coronavirus epidemic. In addition, as an extraordinary situation, due to the extremely shocking, destructive and socio-traumatic multidimensional impact of the epidemic crisis, people have engaged in a number of searches for religious meaning. All this makes it necessary to conduct such research aimed at addressing society, religion, religious life and PRA in Turkey in the context of coronavirus in the field of sociology of religion. The study is a qualitative research and is based on the analysis of the findings with a sociological perspective within the framework of the text scanning method.
THE IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN RESOURCES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ICT ENTERPRISES
Authors: LEKIĆ NEMANJA , VUKOSAVLJEVIĆ DEJAN
Published: March 2021

In modern business conditions, a special place belongs to the services provided by ICT companies. The most valuable property of these companies is human capital, ie employees with their knowledge, abilities and possibilities. The subject of research is human capital as one of the most important components of intellectual capital. The aim of this paper is to analyze human capital and its basic components: learning and education, experience and expertise, and innovation and creativity. In the period June-August 2020, research was conducted in ICT companies of the Republic of Serbia. The findings of the research showed that the employees in these companies assessed learning and education as the most important factor of human capital. These results should serve as a guideline for managers to identify the components of human capital that need to be further acted upon in order to improve the overall performance of employees, which directly reflects on the growth and development of the company itself.
Identification and source attribution of organic compounds in ultrafine particles near Frankfurt International Airport
Authors: Ungeheuer Florian , van Pinxteren Dominik , Vogel Alexander L.
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Analysing the composition of ambient ultrafine particles (UFPs) is a challenging task due to the low mass and chemical complexity of small particles, yet it is a prerequisite for the identification of particle sources and the assessment of potential health risks. Here, we show the
molecular characterization of UFPs, based on cascade impactor (Nano-MOUDI) samples that were collected at an air quality monitoring station near one of Europe's largest airports, in Frankfurt, Germany. At this station, particle-size-distribution measurements show an enhanced number concentration of particles smaller than 50 nm during airport operating hours. We sampled the lower UFP fraction (0.010–0.018, 0.018–0.032, 0.032–0.056 µm) when the air masses arrived from the airport. We developed an optimized filter extraction procedure using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) for compound separation and a heated electrospray ionization (HESI) source with an Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometer (HRMS) as a detector for organic compounds. A non-target screening detected ∼200 organic compounds in the UFP fraction with sample-to-blank ratios larger than 5. We identified the largest signals as homologous series of pentaerythritol esters (PEEs) and trimethylolpropane esters (TMPEs), which are base stocks of aircraft lubrication oils. We unambiguously attribute the majority of detected compounds to jet engine lubrication oils by matching retention times, high-resolution and accurate mass measurements, and comparing tandem mass spectrometry (MS2) fragmentation patterns between both ambient samples and commercially available jet oils. For each UFP stage, we created molecular fingerprints to visualize the complex chemical composition of the organic fraction and their average carbon oxidation state. These graphs underline the presence of the homologous series of PEEs and TMPEs and the appearance of jet oil additives (e.g. tricresyl phosphate, TCP). Targeted screening of TCP confirmed the absence of the harmful tri-ortho isomer, while we identified a thermal transformation product of TMPE-based lubrication oil (trimethylolpropane phosphate, TMP-P). Even though a quantitative determination of the identified compounds is limited, the presented method enables the qualitative detection of molecular markers for jet engine lubricants in UFPs and thus strongly improves the source apportionment of UFPs near airports.
An all-sky 1 km daily surface air temperature product over mainland
China for 2003–2019 from MODIS and ancillary data
Authors: Chen Yan , Liang Shunlin , Ma Han , Li Bing , He Tao , Wang Qian
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Surface air temperature (Ta), as an important climate variable, has been used in a wide range of fields such as ecology, hydrology, climatology, epidemiology, and environmental science. However, ground measurements are limited by poor spatial representation and inconsistency, while reanalysis and meteorological forcing datasets suffer from coarse spatial resolution and inaccuracy. Previous studies using satellite data have mainly estimated Ta under clear-sky conditions, or with limited temporal and spatial coverage. In this study, an all-sky daily mean Ta product at 1 km spatial resolution over mainland China for 2003–2019 has been generated mainly from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) products and the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) dataset. Three Ta estimation models based on random forest were trained using ground measurements from 2384 stations for three different clear-sky and cloudy-sky conditions. The validation results showed that R2 and root mean square error (RMSE) values of the three models ranged from 0.984 to 0.986 and 1.342 K to 1.440 K, respectively. We examined the spatiotemporal patterns and land cover type dependences of model accuracy. The relative contributions of different features to models were also quantitatively analysed. Finally, values of our Ta product in 2010 were validated and compared with the China Land Data Assimilation System (CLDAS) dataset at 0.0625° spatial resolution, China Meteorological Forcing Data (CMFD) dataset at 0.1° spatial resolution and GLDAS dataset at 0.25° spatial resolution. The R2 and RMSE values of our product were 0.992 and 1.010 K, respectively, indicating this high-resolution satellite product has significantly higher accuracy. In summary, the all-sky daily mean Ta dataset developed in this study has achieved satisfactory accuracy and high spatial resolution simultaneously, which fills the current dataset gap in this field and plays an important role in the studies of climate change and hydrological cycle. This dataset is freely available at http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4399453 (Chen et al., 2021b) and the University of Maryland (http://glass.umd.edu/Ta_China/) currently. A sub-dataset that covers Beijing generated from this dataset is publicly available at http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4405123 (Chen et al., 2021a).
Forum theatre as a tool for unveiling gender issues in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) working environments
Authors: Maciel Susanne Taina Ramalho , Gomide Caroline Siqueira , Silva Thatianny Alves de Lima , Alcântara Gustavo Braga , Kern Cynara , Andreoli Elisabeth , Senna Lyvian , Evangelista Leandro de Oliveira
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Gender affects all aspects of life, and the working and learning environments of science, technology, engineering and geosciences present no exception. Gender issues concerning the access, permanence and ascension of women in exact sciences and Earth sciences careers in general are related to a variety of causes. The underrepresentation of women in science communications, sexual or moral harassment caused by professors and colleagues during undergraduate and graduate ages or the overloading of girls, when compared to boys, with housework during early school ages are some examples mentioned in the literature. In other words, the gender imbalance in science and technology careers may be seen as the result of a series of structured oppression suffered by women of all ages. In this context, we propose the development of an education package that is designed to understand these processes at different levels. One of the tools of this package is known as the “Theatre of the Oppressed”. Elaborated on by Augusto Boal in the 1970s, the Theatre of the Oppressed uses theatre techniques as a means of promoting social and political changes. Usually, a scene takes place that reveals a situation of oppression. The audience become what is called “spect-actors”, where they become active by exploring, showing and transforming the reality in which they are living. In the context of gender issues in exact sciences careers, the students can stage situations that reveal the subtle actions of power relations that usually put women in subservient positions. Our experience showed that, even though the acting is based on fiction, the spectators learn a great deal from the enactment because the simulation of real-life situations, problems and solutions stimulates the practice of resisting oppression in reality from within a setting that offers a safe space to practise making a change.
Praxeologische Feldforschung – Reichweite, Tragweite, Importanz und Relevanz als Analysekategorien
Authors: Geiselhart Klaus , Runkel Simon , Schäfer Susann , Schmid Benedikt
Published: March 2021

Abstract. This paper develops three analytical categories – range, supporting capacity, exigency/notability – to capture how supra-individual phenomena affect the people studied by empirical research. Researchers face a tension between constructivist and realist perspectives as the examined phenomena are simultaneously social constructs, in the way people perceive and understand them, and social facts in their consequences. Taking a critical perspective on the notion of large social phenomena – popularized by Theodore Schatzki – the paper develops an explorative terminology that aims to facilitate practice-oriented field research. Examples of empirical research on transition and degrowth initiatives illustrate how research subjects estimate the range of a phenomenon by trying to grasp whether they are in or out of its reach; the supportive capacity of a phenomenon by exploring how far it carries certain processes; and they experience the exigency of a phenomenon and ascribe a certain notability to it. Taken together, this terminology grasps the way phenomena are matters of concern, rather than matters of fact, for the research subjects.
Creep adjustment of strain gauges based on granular NiCr-carbon thin films
Authors: Mathis Maximilian , Vollberg Dennis , Langosch Matthäus , Göttel Dirk , Lellig Angela , Schultes Günter
Published: March 2021

Abstract. An important property of high-precision mechanical sensors such as force transducers or torque sensors is the so-called creep error. It is defined as the signal deviation over time at a constant load. Since this signal deviation results in a reduced accuracy of the sensor, it is beneficial to minimize the creep error. Many of these sensors consist of a metallic spring element and strain gauges. In order to realize a sensor with a creep error of almost zero, it is necessary to compensate for the creep behavior of the metallic spring element. This can be achieved by creep adjustment of the used strain gauges. Unlike standard metal foil strain gauges with a gauge factor of 2, a type of strain gauges based on sputter-deposited NiCr-carbon thin films on polymer substrates offers the advantage of an improved gauge factor of about 10. However, for this type of strain gauge, creep adjustment by customary methods is not possible. In order to remedy this disadvantage, a thorough creep analysis is carried out. Five major influences on the creep error of force transducers equipped with NiCr-carbon thin-film strain gauges are examined, namely, the material creep of the metallic spring element (1), the creep (relaxation) of the polymer substrate (2), the composition of the thin film (3), the strain transfer to the thin film (4), and the kind of strain field on the surface of the transducer (5). Consequently, we present two applicable methods for creep adjustment of NiCr-carbon thin- film strain gauges. The first method addresses the intrinsic creep behavior of the thin film by a modification of the film composition. With increasing Cr content (at the expense of Ni, the intrinsic negative creep error can be shifted towards zero. The second method is not based on the thin film itself but rather on a modification of the strain transfer from the polyimide carrier to the thin film. This is achieved by controlled cutting of well-defined deep trenches into the polymer substrate via a picosecond laser.
NMR free ligand conformations and atomic resolution dynamics
Authors: Balazs Amber Y. S. , Davies Nichola L. , Longmire David , Packer Martin J. , Chiarparin Elisabetta
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Knowledge of free ligand conformational preferences (energy minima) and conformational dynamics (rotational energy barriers) of small molecules in solution can guide drug design hypotheses and help rank ideas to bias syntheses towards more active compounds. Visualization of conformational exchange dynamics around torsion angles, by replica-exchange with solute tempering molecular dynamics (REST-MD), gives results in agreement with high resolution 1H NMR spectra and complements free ligand conformational analyses. Rotational energy barriers around individual bonds are comparable between calculated and experimental values, making the in silico method relevant to ranking prospective design ideas in drug discovery programs, particularly across a series of analogues. Prioritizing design ideas, based on calculations and analysis of measurements across a series, efficiently guides rational discovery towards the right molecules for effective medicines.
Sentinel-1 snow depth retrieval at sub-kilometer resolution over the
European Alps
Authors: Lievens Hans , Brangers Isis , Marshall Hans-Peter , Jonas Tobias , Olefs Marc , De Lannoy Gabriëlle
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Seasonal snow in mountain regions is an essential water resource. However, the spatio-temporal variability in mountain snow depth or snow water equivalent (SWE) from regional to global scales is not well understood due to the lack of high-resolution satellite observations and robust retrieval algorithms. We demonstrate the ability of the Sentinel-1 mission to monitor weekly snow depth at sub-kilometer (100 m, 300 m and 1 km) resolutions over the European Alps, for 2017–2019. Sentinel-1 backscatter observations, especially for the cross-polarization channel, show a high correlation with regional model simulations of snow depth over Austria and Switzerland. The observed changes in radar backscatter with the accumulation or ablation of snow are used in a change detection algorithm to retrieve snow depth. The algorithm includes the detection of dry and wet snow conditions. For dry snow conditions, the 1 km Sentinel-1 retrievals have a spatio-temporal correlation (R) of 0.87 and mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.17 m compared to in situ measurements across 743 sites in the European Alps. A slight reduction in performance is observed for the retrievals at 300 m (R = 0.85 and MAE = 0.18 m) and 100 m (R = 0.79 and MAE = 0.21 m). The results demonstrate the ability of Sentinel-1 to provide regional snow estimates at an unprecedented resolution in mountainous regions, where satellite-based estimates of snow mass are currently lacking. The retrievals can improve our knowledge of seasonal snow mass in areas with complex topography and benefit a number of applications, such as water resources management, flood forecasting and numerical weather prediction.