bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
« Écrire l’absence » selon Assia Djebar : Le Blanc de l’Algérie
Authors: Gubińska Maria
Published: April 2019

The well-known French-language writer, Assia Djebar, teaches the reader to listen intently to cultural differences, inspires tolerance towards other people and touches upon the problem of the emancipation of women in the Arab-Muslim civilization.

In her work entitled Le Blanc de l’Algérie Djebar recalls deceased Algerian intellectuals, such as Albert Camus, Frantz Fanon or Kateb Yacine, as well as cruelly murdered writers and less known persons, who proved to be important for the author

herself (namely her friends) and for the history of Algeria. The author bemoans those absent figures, remembering their last minutes of life, their families’ despair, and the atrocity of death.

The article is an attempt at a reflection on the problem of absence that is in dichotomy with presence. The absence of great Algerians is unbearable; it is not silence but a cry for the memory of the tragic moments in the history of the country. Those moments, when remembered, shall help understand better the painful contemporary times. Djebar in a subtle way removes a white shroud (white is the colour of mourning in the tradition of North-African countries), thus showing the reader the moving and colourful Algerian fresco.
L’absence qui devient présence : la vie et l’Idée dans Sixtine de Remy de Gourmont
Authors: Sadkowska-Fidala Agata
Published: April 2019

Sixtine by Remy de Gourmont marks the refusal of nature and tangible reality and the choice of imagination to the detriment of reality. Its principal character, Hubert d’Entragues is a faithful disciple of idealism of symbolism. Since he chooses to think rather that to live, it is not surprising that the plot of the novel is almost nonexistent. The plot develops around of d’Entragues’ desire to win the beautiful Sixtine, which is in itself condemned to failure since he is doing nothing to reach her and refuses to take any effort. The woman, who could have served as the principal impulse of the plot, is practically inexistent in this story (though it is a passionate story) and is replaced by the ideal woman: the story is doubled by the second story, e.g. a novel written by the character which is a transposition of his “cerebral” relation with Sixtine and a realisation of presence of the latter. Art replaces life and life does not exist in itself. It is shaped by thought. But the chosen absence of any facts of life is fruitful: it gives birth to a novel. It is a story of a prisoner in love with the statute of the Virgin which he sees while taking a daily walk. In this novel the carnal accomplishment is not necessary in order for a true and sincere passion to develop and the satisfaction of desire may destroy the dream and the ideal.
SPEECH ACTS ANALYSIS IN COLLEGE DISCOURSE AT THE ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF MATARAM IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016/2017
Authors: Bafadal Muhammad Fauzi
Published: April 2019

In expressing something, speakers showed an action. This action could make the listeners easier to know what the speakers intended to. This is called speech act. The purpose of this research was to analyze the types of speech act used in college discourse at the English departement of Muhammadiyah University of Mataram. The researcher used those speeches as the data. The researcher took 14 students of English departement at Muhammadiyah University of Mataram as the participants. Observation was used as the data collection procedure. The result of research revealed that the aspects of speech act used at the college discourse analyzed by the researcher were: locutionary act, illocutionary act, and perlocutionary act. From those three aspects analyzed by the researcher, illocutionary act was the most often used in college discourse at the English departement of Muhammadiyah University of Mataram.
THE EFFECT OF METACOGNITVE LEARNING STRATEGY TOWARDSTUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN LISTENING COMPREHENSION (AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY AT THE SECOND YEAR STUDENTS OF MTs.AL- MADANIYAH JEMPONG MATARAM IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016-2017
Authors: Hidayati Hidayati
Published: April 2019

This study is about the effect of metacognitive learning strategy toward students’ achievement in listening comprehension an experimental study at the second-year students of MTs.AL-MADANIYAH Jempong Mataram in the academic year 2016-2017. The purpose of the study is to know whether there is an effect of metacognitive learning strategy or not toward students’ achievement in listening comprehension. The research method was quasi-experimental research with nonequivalent control group design. The population of the research was all of the second year Students of MTs.AL-MADANIYAH Jempong Mataram, conducted of two classes as a sample; Experimental group II A and Control group II B. II A was taught by using Metacognitive Learning Strategy while II B was taught without using Metacognitive Learning Strategy. The researcher gave the Listening test to gather the data. The formula that used to analyze the data was t-test. It is supposed to know the significant difference between students’ score in the experimental group and control group. Based on the computation of the t-test formula, it was found that the mean score of the experimental group was 17,6 and the mean score of the control group was 9,2. After analyzing the data, it was found that t-test was 5,626. The degree of freedom (df) was (Nx+Ny-2) = (25+25-2) =48. The degree of freedom from 38 students as the sample. The researcher got a score for confident level 0.5 or 95% and score 2.000, for confident level 0.1 or 99% is 2.660. It means that t-test was higher than t-table. After the data had been obtained; it was found that metacognitive learning strategy has a positive effect on teaching listening. It showed by the significant value of t-test >t-table. It means that Ha (alternative hypotheses) was accepted because t-test was higher than t-table. Based on the explanation, the researcher concludes that the effect of metacognitive learning strategy toward students achievement in listening comprehension at the second year students of MTs.AL- MADANIYAH Jempong Mataram has a positive effect.
A Conversational Analysis of Grice’s Maxims Theories on Cooperative Principles at Undergraduate English Students
Authors: Hidayati Hidayati , Lukman Lukman
Published: April 2019

This study was aimed to analyze students’ conversation based on Grice’s maxim theory at the English department of  Muhammadiyah University of Mataram. The method of this research was qualitative. The result of this research showed that students were followed the maxim of quantity is 60 utterances, followed the maxim of quality is 16 utterances, followed the maxim of relevant is 24 utterances, and followed the maxim of manner is 6 utterances. Violated maxim of quantity is 47 utterances, violated maxim of quality is 27 utterances, violated maxim of relevant is 50 utterances and violated manner is 89 utterances. Violated maxims often happen than followed the maxims, total of violated whole the maxims are 213 and total of followed whole the maxims are 106 because the speaker and participants are come from different cultures, using informal language and their purpose in communication to maintain their social harmony.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING WORD MAPPING TECHNIQUE TO INCREASE STUDENT VOCABULARY
Authors: Humaira Humaira
Published: April 2019

This study aims to investigate about the Effectiveness of Using Word Mapping Technique in Teaching Students Vocabulary at The First Grade Students of SMAN 8 Mataram in Academic Year 2014/2015. There were 79 students as sample. This study used quasi experimental non-equivalent research design. The data analysis showed the mean score of experimental group is higher than the mean score of control group. the use of word mapping technique is effective in teaching vocabulary. The deviation of the two mean scores (26.78/17.2) was also significant. It read that the value of t-test was 4.35 while the value of t-table was 2.000 on the level of significant 0.05 (95%) and 2.660 on the level significant 0.01 (99%). This figure indicated that the value of t-calculated was higher than t-value of t- table 4.35 > 2.000 and 2.660. The data indicated that t-test was higher than t-table, it means that the alternative hypothesis (H3) is accepted. Word maps technique maintain the students learning about words through mapping because helps them examine the characteristics of the word concepts, categorize words, and see relationships among words that are similar as well as those that may be different.
ANALYSIS OF STUDENT’S ABILITY IN WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT
Authors: Hudri Muhammad
Published: April 2019

This study aims at observing the students’ ability in writing narrative text at the second year of MTs Nurul Jannah NW Ampenan in Academic Year 2015/2016. Of 40 students, 20 students were chosen as the sample. The method used in this study was descriptive research. The data were collected through observation and writing test. It was found that the ability of the students in writing narrative text was on fair category. Based on the result, 10 students (50%) got score 56 - 65 (fair), 5 students (25%) got score 0 - 45 (very poor), 3 students (15%) got score 66 - 79 (good), and 2 students (10%) got score 46 - 55 (poor). Almost of all students are in between 56 - 65 (fair category). Meanwhile, Having analyze the students’ ability in each of writing aspects, it can be said that they were in inadequate category because most of them were inadequate in content. In other words, it means that they have very limited of ideas. The problems faced by the students were they made too much grammatical and spelling errors, difficulties in using connectors, and they have limited vocabulary and unable to select the appropriate diction.
The Educational and Religious Values on Bimanese Tradition Custom of Rimpu Tembe; A Study at Sambori Village
Authors: Ilham Ilham
Published: April 2019

Rimpu is the typical dress of womenofBimanese formed from a traditional sarong woven. The use of Rimpu done by one of the holes or the end of the sheath wrapped around the head so that only the visible face for women who are married (RimpuColo) and just looking eyes for the girl (RimpuMpida). Rimpu is local wisdom and becomes part of the wealthofBimanese Islamic culture that needs to be preserved. The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of RimpuTembetraditional custom of Bimanese toward the educational and religious values at Sambori village. The method of this study is a qualitative method and the data was collected by using observation, interviews, documentation, and recording. The result the shows that Educational values that can be obtained from Rimpu are when women wear Rimpu for their activity must be when they traveling or meeting with male and others. Rimpu can protect women from the lust of the opposite sex. Religious values of RimpuTembe is the moral values, faith and sari'ah, because of their body Islamic beliefs.
The Us of Dice Game in Teaching Vocabulary for Young Learners
Authors: Humaira Humaira
Published: April 2019

Dice games is a cube (often with corners slightly rounded), Marked on each of its six faces with a different number of circular patches or Pits called pips. Based on the purpose of this research to find out whether the use of Loaded Dice Game can increase or not the students’ Vocabulary mastery at the fourth-grade students of SDIT Anak Sholeh Mataram in the school year 2016/2017. In this research, the writer used quasi-experimental research (pre-test and post-test design) with the population was 111 of 4 classes, and the sample was 58 students by using cluster sampling. The writer took two classes as samples, they are Malik class as an experimental and Khuzaifah class as a control group. To collect the data, the writer used multiple choices items with 20 numbers items. The finding of this research from the value of t-test was 5.01 higher than the value of t-table in the significance level 95% (1.67) and at the confidence level 99% (2.39). The value of t-test is higher than t-table, it means that the hypothesis alternative (Ha) is accepted. So, the writer can conclude that the use of Loaded Dice game can increase the students’ vocabulary mastery at the fourth-grade students of SDIT Anak Sholeh Mataram in the school year 2016/2017.
Cellular models of erythrocytes for studying the effect of gasotransmitters on their microrheology
Authors: Muravyov A.V. , Tikhomirova I.A. , Avdonin P.V. , Bulaeva S.V. , Malysheva Y.V. , Kislov N.V.
Published: April 2019

The signal role in the cellular reactions of gaseous transmitters (NO and H2S) is known. However there are only a few studies on the effect of NO on red blood cell aggregation (RBCA) and deformability (RBCD). However it remains virtually unexplored role of hydrogen sulfide as a signaling molecule in the analysis of RBC microrheology changes. The purpose of the present study was to investigate changes of red blood cell (RBC) microrheological properties under the influence of some gasotransmitter donors, based on the use of several red blood cell models. RBC microrheology was recorded after cell incubation with: 1) NO donor – sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 10, 50, 100 μM); 2) hydrogen sulphide donor – sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, 10, 50, 100 μM). Cells were incubated for 30 min at 37°C. RBC suspension prepared in drug-free solution was used as a control sample. It was found that an exposure of RBCs both types of the gasotransmitter (GT) donors led to significant positive changes in the RBC microrheological properties. To study the dose-dependent effect of GT donors, RBCs were incubated in a medium with different GT donor concentrations. The results of the study showed that SNP was more effective at a concentration of 100 μM, while NaHS – at a concentration of 50 μM. In the study of the RBC ghost microrheology, it was found that SNP increased their deformability by 7% ( p < 0.01), whereas NaHS much more, by 12%. Using a cellular model of RBC age fractions, it was found that GT donors moderately and positively influenced the deformability of all three age populations. However, the old erythrocytes more significantly responded to GTs by the increase in their deformability. Taken together obtained data allow us to conclude that both gasotransmitter donors positively affect RBC microrheology: significantly reduce their aggregation and moderately but statistically significant increase the cell deformability.
A case study on Rural Marketing Strategies of MNCs using 6E framework in India and Indonesia
Authors: Maurya Dr. Alka
Published: April 2019

Multinational Companies in a bid to increase their revenue and profit are now eyeing the emerging markets. Considering the saturation in the urban market they are now targeting the consumers in rural markets of emerging economies. Lowering price by reducing the volume, customization, mass production are the strategies of the past, these companies have now come up with innovative strategies wherein they involve the rural population so that they help them in reaching to the customers in the remotest part of the country.

This case study is an attempt to study the strategies used by the companies to reach the rural population and arrive at a framework used by the companies in India and Indonesia. The information is collected from the secondary sources to compile and analyze the strategies of leading MNCs to increasing their share in the emerging economies.
Development of Entrepreneurial Orientation
Authors: Solikahan Eka Zahra , Mohammad Ali
Published: April 2019

The Entrepreneurial orientation (EO), is a company activity that are related to proactive decision-making practices that pay attention to innovative strategies, risk-taking and exploiting market opportunities. This study aims to explain the development of the EO with a qualitative approach with the literature study method. Results obtained, EO was first introduced by miller in

1983, stating the importance of innovation, risk taking, productiveness in the EO concept, later developed by Morris and Paul (1987), and Merz and Sauber (1995). In 1996 Lumpkin and Dess perfected the EO concept of Miller (1983) by adding autonomy and competitive aggressiveness in measuring EO. But in its development to date, EO measurements based on several earlier studies EO measurements combine between the studies of Miller (1983) and Lumpkin and Dess (1996).
CONCEPTUAL ECOTOPICS IN ENGLISH BIBLICAL ECODISCOURSE
Authors: Олена Олександрівна Жихарєва
Published: April 2019

Introduction. This article examines the key discourse-forming biblical ecoconceptsof GOD, NATURE, HUMAN BEING, and SOCIETY. In their interrelation they constituteconceptual ecotopics of the Bible, which reveal the essence of human harmonious existencein the God’s created world. The paper focuses on defining conceptual ecotopics relying uponthe notion of reconstrual as an interpretation of biblical narrations’ conceptual content by applyingR. Langacker’s cognitive operations of prominence, profiling, and trajector / landmark alignment.Purpose. The paper aims at identifying the main conceptual ecotopics of English biblicalecodiscourse.Methods. The methodology of conceptual analysis that integrates elements of contextual,interpretative, and prototype analyses made it possible to describe each key discourse-formingbiblical ecoconcept as a prototypical ground for ecological subconcepts and conceptualecotopics.Results. The paper highlights the conceptual ecotopic “God’s attitude to man” asa product of the integration involving two key discourse-forming biblical ecoconcepts, thoseof GOD and HUMAN BEING. In the story about Israelites crossing the Red Sea the integrationof these ecoconcepts is realized through the ecological subconcept of PUNISHMENT markedby the conceptual descriptor God’s punishment as a manifestation of God’s will. The latter isformed by a set of conceptual features actualized in multiple autrecontexts, which representthe conceptual structure of the respective biblical narrations.Conclusion. The research proves that the main conceptual ecotopics of English biblicalecodiscourse come down to the following: “God’s creation of nature”, “God’s creationofhuman being (society)”, “Man’s attitude to nature created by God”, “Man’s attitude to familyand society prescribed by God”, “God’s attitude to man”, “Man’s attitude to God”.
VARIABILITY IN GENDER CATEGORISATION OF NOUNS (in contemporary Ukrainian TV speech)
Authors: Олена Миколаївна Зайцева
Published: April 2019

Introduction. Nowadays the language of modern television broadcasts’ speechesis more and more in the focus of linguistic study. Special interest of given paper is comprisedby the variability in gender categorization of nouns as it occurs in speeches of Ukrainian TVprograms anchorpersons. The object of the paper is the choice of nouns in modern TV speech,that is distinguished due to the variability of grammatical category of the gender of nouns waysof realization.Purpose of the article is to analyze the nouns that have suffered changes in thegrammatical category of gender within the current language trends being implemented inthe broadcast of Ukrainian television. In addition, the aim is to outline some of the reasonsfor the emergence of such tendencies, the relative use of these nouns, the degree of codificationin modern lexicographic sources.Methods of research. The research is grounded on descriptive method, the method ofempiric analysis, immediate constituents’ analysis, and contextual analysis.Results. Studying the language used in contemporary Ukrainian TV speeches convincinglydemonstrated how formal-grammatical indicators of the category of gender of nouns in moderntelecommunication vary (shift), implemented in the following modifications: male genius  femalegenus, female genus  male genus. In addition, the review of codification in the dictionariesof the analyzed noun units shows that variational changes in the morphology of the noun andin particular, in its morphological and grammatical categories nowadays cause not onlythe dislocation of the current linguistic norm, but also tend to change the morphological norms. 
Conclusion. Analyzing the language used in speeches of informative and entertainingUkrainian TV programs’ anchorpersons, we have concluded that they prefer to choose differentgrammatical variations in favor of a specific counterpart to the grammatical category of the gender,often a revitalized or dialectal word used.
TRANSLATION PROBLEMS IN THE LIGHT OF SKOPOS THEORY
Authors: Наталія Степанівна Лалаян
Published: April 2019

Introduction. There are many theories of translation study. The Skopos theoryis a newbranch, which can explain and instruct many translation activities. It was established bythe German linguists H.Vermeer and K. Reib, who comprised the idea that translating andinterpreting should primarily take into account the function of the target text. This functionis specified by the addressee. This theory is based on the functional approach, whose aimis to dethrone the source text (ST). This is done by emphasizing the role of the translatoras a creator of the target text (TT) and giving priority to purpose of producing TT.Purpose. The paper aims at analysis of such basic concepts of the Skopos theoryas “functional principle”, “loyalty principle”, “coherence”, “translation types”, “intratextual andnon-textual factors”, “translation brief”, “translation problems”.Methods. The research is grounded on the following methods: the descriptive method,deductive and inductive methods, the method of generalization and grammatical transformations.Results. According to Skopos theory, the prime principle determining any translationprocess is the purpose of the overall translational action. The basic underlying “rules” of thetheory are the following: the brief translation, a term suggested by Skopos theory, a trunslatum(or TT) is determined by its Skopos; a TT is an offer of information in a target culture and TL(target language) concerning an offer of information in a source culture and SL (source language);а TT does not initiate an offer of information in a clearly reversible way; а TT must be internallycoherent; а TT must be coherent with the ST. There are also some criticisms of Skopos theory by other scholars. These include: not all actions have an intention; not every translation can beinterpreted as purposeful, having such a purpose would limit the possible translation proceduresand thus the interpretations of the TT; what is to be a “general” theory is in fact that only validfor nonliterary textsConclusion. Skopos theory claims to be general or universal model of translation.The main idea of skopos theory could be paraphrased as the translation purpose justifiesthe translation procedures. Like any other theories, Skopos theory is also not perfect, but itsknowledge is a essential component of the translators background knowledge.
SCHOOLCHILDREN APPREHENSION OF THE SURZHYK IN THE CONTEXT OF POST-TOTALITARIAN DEFORMATIONS OF THE LINGUISTIC SITUATION IN UKRAINE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 2IST CENTURY
Authors: О. М. ДАНИЛЕВСЬКА
Published: April 2019

Introduction. The article focuses on the problem of Ukrainian-Russian oral speech forms mixing, known as Surzhyk in Ukraine. In particular, it traces approaches to the terminology of the concept in Ukrainian linguistics. It was emphasized that the conclusion about the destructive nature of the lingual mix resulting in the Surzhyk was made at the beginning of the 20th century, when the linguistic phenomena arising as a result of the Russian-Ukrainian linguistic interaction became the subject of linguistic analysis.Purpose. The purpose of the article is to investigate the ways of linguistic understanding the notion of Surzhyk by contemporary Ukrainian adolescents, to ascertain whether the young speakers associate the emergence of a Surzhyk with the language policy of previous historicalperiods.Methods. The research is based on the analysis of adolescents' comments to the open questions of the sociolinguistic questionnaire, which they filled in personally during the targeted survey: the questionnaire surveys were conducted in Kyiv, Zhytomyr, Bila Tserkva, Poltava, Cherkasy in the spring of 2014; 500 questionnaires were collected.Results. The paper analyzes the ways of conceptualizing the notion of “Surzhyk” in the linguistic consciousness of contemporary Ukrainian adolescents, which testify the negative attitude towards mixed forms of oral Ukrainian-Russian speech. It is concluded that the idea of adolescents about Surzhyk as a mixture of Ukrainian and Russian languages, littered, unclean or as a separate language, arising from the merger of two languages into a new language or through the “Blurring” of the borders between languages, or generally as a “Non-language” reflects the destructive nature of the interaction between Russian and Ukrainian languages, which is typical of the linguistic situation in Ukraine of the Soviet and post-Soviet times, which resulted in the hybridization of the oral speech of a significant number of Ukrainians.Conclusion. The paper arises the idea of excluding the questions on Surzhyk from questionnaires for mass interviewing as there is no criteria yet to describe such kind of speech as Surzhyk.
TERMS KNOWLEDGE, LANGUAGE ABILITIES AND SKILLS: FROM NORMALIZATION TO HARMONIZATION IN MODERN UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE EDUCATION
Authors: О. В. ТУРКЕВИЧ
Published: April 2019

Introduction. Terms knowledge, language abilities and skills are central in the presentday Ukrainian linguodidactics. Their studying is predetermined by the necessity to find the most correct definition of them, to draw the microparadigm of notions they embody. Comparing the ways of key points understanding and explanation with those in English, Polish, and Russianlanguages allows to work out their categorial components.The purpose of the article is to analyze the terms of knowledge, skills, skills in the professional language of Ukrainian linguodidactics.The method of componental analysis makes it possible to describe the semantics of the terms under research.Results. Particularly, it was discovered that knowledge is a component of the content of learning comprising a collection of information that students acquire or have. The term language ability refers to the capacity to carry out activities in foreign language whereas skill denotes actions that became automatic based on multiple repetitions while doing group and individual exercises and creative tasks. The microparadigms special for each of these terms were singled out according to different criteria and the definition of each term was given. Besides the difference between the Ukrainian system of investigated terms and the Polish, English and Russian systems was discovered. The meaning of the analyzed terms was compared with the term competence that is defined as the totality of theoretical knowledge, practical skills and abilities that are the purpose of language learning.Conclusion. In Ukrainian language teaching the terms knowledge, language abilities and skills function actively with the existing subsystems of concepts, however ambiguity arises at the level of harmonization with the foreign language correspondences. Sometimes the discrepancies demonstrate the redundancy or inaccuracy arising within the Ukrainian terminology system but sometimes they show the specificity of the Ukrainian system of special units. New analytical constructions containing the units of knowledge, language abilities and skills may appear with the development of the methods of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language.Thus, their analysis will be the prospect of our research.
NATIONALAND CULTURAL COMPONENT OF TURKISH LINGUAL PICTURE OF THE WORLD IN THE UKRAINIAN LINGUOCULTURAL SPACE (in the translations of Turkish prosaic texts)
Authors: М. В. БОНДАР
Published: April 2019

Introduction. The study of national and lingual picture of the world remains topical for linguistic studies. This kind of investigation involves the integrated, systematic approach to the analysis of language phenomena, taking into account the data of various branches of knowledge (history, sociology, cultural studies, religious studies, ethnography), carried out inthe context of anthropocentric facet. National-cultural component reflects the specific of the Turkish worldview. The problems of maintenance of the nationally cultural component (national and cultural specifics, connotation, differences in the word associations etc.) are investigated.Purpose. The paper aims at analyzing the specific features of the national-cultural components in Turkish lingual picture of the world actualized in the Ukrainian linguocultural space.Methods. The given research is based on the descriptive method, which includes observation, generalization, and typology of the factual material, a contrastive analysis.Results. Author’s definition of “national and cultural components” is given. The main lexical-thematic groups with national-cultural component of the Turkish lingual picture of the world and of the Ukrainian language picture of the world are determined. The variants of their translation into the Ukrainian language are interpreted. The level of openness of thesethematic groups to substitutions is determined.Conclusion. The Turkish and Ukrainian lingual pictures of the world are not isomorphic due to many reasons (extralinguistic and intralinguistic factors). There are many thematic groups with the national-cultural information (religion, traditions, clothes, meals and drinks, musical instruments, dances, games etc.). The level of openness of these thematic groups to substitutions is very different according to the national and cultural information, intentions of the translator.The translator must preserve the specifics of another cultural space without overloading the text by unrecognizable to the Ukrainian reader realities and without changing the register of the narrative.
TRANSLATION OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL TEXT: COGNITIVE-PRAGMATIC AND LINGUISTIC ASPECTS
Authors: А. И. Юденко
Published: April 2019

Introduction. The article offers a linguistic analysis of the pragmatic transformations in the target international-legal text viewed as a means of clarifying the strategic program of the source text. The urgency of the chosen topic is due to the association of the problem with the research principles and methodology of a new cognitive-discursive scientific paradigm in view of the paper’s focus on the source and target text’s cognitive-conceptual and pragmatic adequacy.Purpose. The paper aims to prove the hypothesis that pragmatic transformations in the target text result from the translators’ interpreting the cognitive-communicative strategies of the original text in the aspect of accentuation a certain aspect of the legal relationship – its object, subject, conditions and scope of application.Methods. To achieve the purpose a set of methods is applied, including the cognitiveconceptual analysis, pragmatic analysis to determine the strategies of the international legal text-original as well as the elements of the methods of contextual interpretation analysis and analysis of pragmatic transformations, based on a new typology of translation transformations.Results. The major results refer to the main factors to cause the pragmatic transformations, as well as to their linguistic markers specified as the signs of the original text’ internal dialogicity that, on the one hand, iconically reproduces the complexities of the negotiation process and, on the other hand, reflects the dichotomy of international legal concepts of "common good" and "sovereignty". It is shown that the strategies of translation and the types of the chosen pragmatic transformations, reflects the translator's stance towards the normative article’s meaning and the denoted legal relations.Conclusions. Summing up, the author arrives at the conclusions about the pragmatic transformations’ communicative potential to influence the meaning of the text-original, tactically modifying its strategies by specifying, narrowing or expanding the articles’ normative content.
Impact of Adjacency of Spaces in Fire Service Station on Fire Crew Response Time
Authors: M. I Ayoosu , Y. W Lim
Published: April 2019

The fire has contributed positively to man development from time immemorial till today. But it also has its own negative aspect; people had lost virtually all they had in a single fire incidence including their life. It is in light of this negative side of fire that the fire service was established to prevent and extinguish fire and other emergencies that threaten the lives and properties of the people. These fire stations in Nigeria have challenges which result in late response to fire incidence and it is on this backdrop the research evolved. The research adopts an analytic approach; Systematic sampling was employed in choosing appropriate case study facilities. 36 questionnaires administered, 4 were not returned which forms about 11.1% of the total administered questionnaires. A total of 32 questionnaires were filled and returned forming 88.9% of the total administered questionnaires. A checklist was used to investigate the availability of essential activity spaces in the fire stations. Four stations were case studied. The data obtained were analysed using simple statistical method and results were presented in a simple descriptive tool (tables and figures). The research revealed that each Nigeria fire station lack one activity space or the other which is essential for a timely response like, dormitory, kitchen/dining space, day room, watchtower, etc. Beside activity spaces, adjacency of spaces is a lacking essential factor, time is lost in travelling from the gates of these fire stations to the watch room/dispatch during run-in calls, and time is also lost when firemen have to travel from different part of the station to the apparatus bay to respond to a fire call. The research then recommends the remodelling of the existing stations and a template for the design of sustainable on time fire station.
Comparison of Scapular Muscles Activation with Shoulder Retraction and Shoulder Elevations in Individuals with Scapular Dyskinesia
Authors: Easwaran P. Gautami , Sharma Urvashi , Palekar Tushar J.
Published: April 2019

Background:
 Scapular dyskinesis is a condition that is commonly associated with shoulder pathology but is also present in asymptomatic individuals, and it is believed to be a risk factor for further injury. Evidence suggests that patients with rotator cuff–related shoulder pain present scapular kinematic abnormalities such as decreased scapular upward rotation, decreased scapular posterior tipping, and external rotation. It has been proposed that abnormal scapular kinematics may be linked to weakness of scapular muscle.
 Muscle Activation is a very specific, non-medical, mechanically based process of evaluating and treating muscular imbalance and dysfunction. Its main goal is to increase the contractile capability of your muscles, resulting in increased strength, stability, range of motion, and reduced muscle and joint pain.
 The study was conducted to determine whether shoulder elevations and retractions showed any difference in the interscapular distance in indivudals with scapular dyskinesia.
Objectives:

To assess Interscapular distance post shoulder retraction exercise.

To assess Interscapular distance post shoulder shrugging exercise.

To assess Interscapular distance post shoulder retraction + shrugging exercise.

To compare the effectiveness of these exercises on scapular dyskinesia.

Materials and Methodology:
 An intervention based study comprising of 30 female individuals. The subjects were randomly divided into 3 groups, Group A was given combined exercises of shoulder retraction and elevations. Group B was given shoulder retraction and Group C was given shoulder elevations.The samples were assessed pre and post with the help of Interscapular distance.
Results:
 Shoulder retractions when given along with shoulder elevations was clinically significant pre and post . Likewise, Shoulder retractions and elevations when given separately were also clinically significant pre and post. The comparison of all the three groups showed that all were equally effective in treating scapular dyskinesia.
Conclusion:
 The study concludes that all three forms of exercise showed similar results in reducing the Inter scapular distance in individuals with scapular dyskinesia.
Non-Residents and Capital Gains Tax in Australia
Authors: Krever Richard , Sadiq Kerrie
Published: April 2019

The evolution of capital gains taxation in Australia parallels that in Canada in many respects. Federal income taxes were adopted in both countries during the First World War, and in both jurisdictions the courts interpreted the term "income," the subject of taxation, using United Kingdom judicial concepts that excluded capital gains from the tax base. In the last quarter of the 20th century, both countries amended their income tax laws to capture capital gains, and in both countries concessional rates apply. Initially, the Australian capital gains tax regime had rules that paralleled those in Canada in respect of the application of capital gains tax measures to non-residents, and the list of assets that might generate a capital gains tax liability for non-residents was similar in both countries. Australia changed course just over a decade ago with a decision to limit the income tax liability of non-residents in respect of capital gains to gains on land and land-rich companies alone, albeit with an extended definition of land to capture directly related interests such as exploration and mining rights. Consequently, until this decade, reform of Australia's regime imposing capital gains tax on non-residents focused on the concept of source as a primary driver, with the categories of taxable assets being gradually reduced. However, after more than a decade of unprecedented increases in housing prices in Australia, reform has moved away from addressing source to integrity matters. In Australia, as in Canada, there has been considerable investment in property, particularly residential property, by non-residents in recent years, and the government has sought ways to enhance the enforcement and integrity of the capital gains tax rules applying to non-residents disposing of Australian real property. Since 2013, Australia has proposed three separate measures to ensure integrity within this regime: removal of a concessional rate, introduction of a withholding tax, and removal of the principal residence exemption for non-residents. This article considers the history and development of Australia's capital gains tax regime as it applies to non-residents and examines the recent shift in focus from what is captured in the capital gains source rules to integrity provisions adopted to achieve both compliance and geopolitical objectives.
Physicochemical Changes of the Gluten-Free Rice-Buckwheat Cookies during Storage – Artificial Neural Network Model
Authors: Pestorić Mladenka , Sakač Marijana , Pezo Lato , Škrobot Dubravka , Nedeljković Nataša , Jovanov Pavle , Filipčev Bojana , Mandić Anamarija
Published: April 2019

The influence of storage time, temperature, and packaging on some physicochemical characteristics of gluten-free rice-buckwheat cookies was studied. Shelf life markers, such as water activity (aw), hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), firmness, and color parameters were modelled in relation to different storage conditions. Principal component analysis was applied to study the similarity among samples according to the observed parameters. The mathematical model in the form of an artificial neural network was developed to predict the physicochemical parameters of cookies during 6-month storage. The most evident differentiation among samples was observed for color coordinate a*, aw , and HMF. Regarding the methods for determination of the parameters, priority should be given to the instrumental determination of color as the most convenient method. The processing of experimental data allowed the creation of useful mathematical model to be used in predicting the behavior of physicochemical changes of cookies by different factor combinations during storage.
Optimal Regulators Conception for Wind Turbine PMSG Generator Using Hooke Jeeves Method
Authors: Mazouz Lakhdar , Zidi Sid Ahmed , Hafaifa Ahmed , Hadjeri Samir , Benaissa Tahar
Published: April 2019

This paper explores the optimization of wind turbine control system parameters. The wind turbine based on 5 MW PMSG Permanent magnet synchronous generator with two back-to-back converters which are connected to AC offshore network. For good functioning of the control system based on PI regulators, it is necessary to find a perfect way for calculating the gains of these regulators. In this paper, Hooke Jeeves method is presented as one of optimization solutions that can compute parameters of PI regulators. For this purpose, a model of offshore wind turbine is installed in PSCAD/EMTD in order to perform simulation study in which optimal PI regulators design can be found.
Karakteristik Ibu yang Melakukan Pemeriksaan Pap Smear di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto Jakarta
Authors: Ahmad Mukhlisiana
Published: April 2019

Kanker leher rahim adalah kanker penyebab kematian nomer satu di Indonesia, setiap tahun, terdapat lebih dari
15.000 kasus kanker serviks baru dan kurang lebih 8.000 kematian. Sedangkan setiap hari sekitar 40-45 kasus baru ditemukan dan 20-25 perempuan meninggal dunia akibat penyakit tersebut. Penyakit ini telah merenggut lebih dari 250.000 perempuan di dunia dan terdapat lebih 15.000 kasus Kanker Servik baru, yang kurang lebih merenggut
8.000 kematian di Indonesia setiap tahunnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui karakteristik ibu yang melakukan pemeriksaan Pap Smear berdasarkan Usia, Paritas, Pendidikan dan Riwayat kontrasepsi ibu. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian Deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi. Populasi yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 128 orang ibu dan sampelnya keseluruhan dari populasi. Teknik pengambilan samplingnya menggunakan total sampling di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto, Jakarta 2012. Hasil dalam penelitian ini adalah kelompok tertinggi berdasarkan usia >35 tahun sebanyak 81 orang ibu 63,3%, berdasarkan Paritas Multipara 2-4 sebanyak 106 orang ibu 82,8%, berdasarkan Pendidikan terakhir perguruan tinggi sebanyak 69 orang ibu 53.91%, Riwayat kontrasepsi tertinggi KB Pil sebanyak 51 orang ibu 39,8%.
Kata kunci : Kanker Serviks, Karakteristik Ibu, Pap Smear
Determinan Penggunaan Kondom pada Penjaja Seks Komersial (PSK) di Kawasan Sicanang Belawan
Authors: Eva Eva , Fridalina Fridalina
Published: April 2019

Data Profil Kesehatan Kota Medan tahun 2014 menunjukkan bahwa jumlah penderita infeksi menular seksual (IMS) sebanyak 2.203 orang. Data yang diperoleh dari 33 puskesmas se-Kota Medan bahwa jumlah penderita HIV/AIDS tertinggi pada tahun 2014 berada di Belawan sebanyak 15 orang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui determinan penggunaan kondom pada penjaja seks komersial di kawasan Sicanang Belawan tahun 2017. Jenis penelitian ini adalah survei analitik atau explanatory dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran (mix method), Populasi penelitian sebanyak 84 orang PSK di Sicanang Belawan dan seluruhnya dijadikan sampel. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat, analisis bivariat dengan uji chi-square, dan analisis multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik ganda. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa dukungan mucikari merupakan determinan yang dominan berhubungan terhadap penggunaan kondom. PSK yang mendapat dukungan mucikari yang baik mempunyai peluang menggunakan kondom sebesar 6,7 kali lebih besar (Exp B = 6,756) dibandingkan dengan PSK yang tidak mendapatkan dukungan mucikari. Sehubungan dengan hal tersebut berarti bahwa determinan yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan kondom adalah pengetahuan, ketersediaan kondom, kenyamanan pelanggan, dan dukungan mucikari, dimana dukungan mucikari merupakan determinan yang dominan. Sementara persepsi dan dukungan tenaga kesehatan merupakan determinan yang tidak berhubungan terhadap penggunaan kondom Dengan demikian diharapkan kepada Kepala Puskesmas Belawan melakukan program penyuluhan dan pemeriksaan kesehatan kepada PSK di wilayah kerjanya dengan meningkatkan frekuensi menjadi 2-4 kali dalam sebulan.
Analisis Dokumentasi Sistem Manajemen Mutu di Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia Maju
Authors: Hakim Achmad Lukman , Gunarto Catur Septiawan
Published: April 2019

Sistem manajemen mutu ISO 9001 merupakan prosedur terdokumentasi dan praktek-praktek standar untuk manajemen sistem, yang bertujuan menjamin kesesuaian dari suatu proses dan produk (barang atau jasa) terhadap kebutuhan atau persyaratan tertentu. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis dokumentasi sistem manajemen mutu ISO 9001:2015 di Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia Maju Jakarta tahun 2017. Jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan analisis data menggunakan analisis Miles dan Huberman. Pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian diperoleh semua dokumen yang ada di STIKIM dapat memenuhi persyaratan sistem manajemen mutu ISO 9001:2015, tetapi masih ada dokumen yang memiliki kelemahan, seperti evaluasi diri belum disesuaikan dengan standar ISO 31000, pernyataan standar mutu belum seperti yang dirumuskan pada buku pedoman sistem manajemen mutu pendidikan tinggi yang memiliki rumusan Audience, Behaviour, Competence, dan Degree, serta setiap standar belum dilengkapi dengan manual SPMI. Selain itu dalam dokumen manual mutu dan prosedur belum sesuai pada standar ISO 10013. Diharapkan STIKIM memperbarui konten isi dari dokumen sesuai dengan pedoman yang ada serta peraturan-peraturan yang terbaru.
Hubungan Suhu dan Kelembaban dengan Keluhan Sick Building Syndrome pada Petugas Administrasi Rumah Sakit Swasta X
Authors: Murniati Nia
Published: April 2019

Dunia modern memungkinkan terjadinya peningkatan proporsi tenaga kerja yang bekerja di dalam kantor. Ketika kecenderungan ini berlanjut, paparan lingkungan kantor akan sangat mempengaruhi kesehatan dan produktivitas pekerja. Beberapa pekerja kantor mungkin merasa lega saat masuk ke dalam ruangan berpendingin dan berhenti menghirup asap dari luar. Tanpa disadari, udara yang mereka hirup di dalam kantor mungkin lebih berbahaya bagi kesehatannya. Situasi dimana penghuni gedung mengeluhkan masalah kesehatan dan kenyamanan yang timbul saat berada dalam suatu bangunan, namun gejalanya tidak spesifik dan penyebabnya tidak dapat diidentifikasikan disebut Sick Building Syndrome (SBS). Saat produktivitas pekerja menurun karena SBS maka timbul permasalahan besar lainnya seperti turut menurunnya profit dan kepuasan klien di sebuah institusi. Rumah sakit sebagai salah satu institusi kesehatan sudah sepatutnya menyadari bahwa lingkungan kantor sangat mempengaruhi kesehatan para pekerjanya, karena selain sebagai wahana penyembuhan bagi para pasiennya, diharapkan juga mampu mencegah berbagai masalah kesehatan yang mungkin timbul pada seluruh pekerjanya selama berada di rumah sakit sebagai lingkungan kerjanya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengungkap hubungan suhu dan kelembaban dengan keluhan SBS pada Januari 2018 di RS Swasta X di Depok dengan sampel seluruh petugas administrasi sebanyak 48 orang dengan metode cross sectional. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan (p-value 0,036 dengan OR 4,0) antara suhu di dalam ruangan dengan keluhan SBS pada pekerja. Diharapkan penelitian ini menjadi masukan bagi manajemen rumah sakit untuk lebih memperhatikan fasilitas dan kenyamanan kerja di dalam ruangan.