bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifikasi PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) dari Paitan (Tithonia difersifolia) dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Pertumbuhan Bawang Putih (Allium sativum)
Authors: Meyuliana Aulia , Yora Muharama , Elinda Friza , Septiwahyuni Wina , Permata Sari Desi
Published: March 2024

Abstrak

Penelitian identifikasi PGPR akar paitan dan pengaruhnya terhadap tanaman bawang putih ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bakteri yang berada disekitar perakaran paitan dan bagaimana pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang putih. PGPR sebagai bakteri yang mengkolonisasi rizosfir lapisan tanah di sekitar perakaran bermanfaat sebagai biofertilizer mempercepat proses pertumbuhan tanaman melalui penyerapan unsur hara. PGPR yang berasal dari akar paitan belum teridentifikasi dan belum diketahui pengaruhnya terhadap tanaman bawang putih sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian ini. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode deskriptif dari hasil analisis identifikasi bakteri rizosfer akar paitan secara NGS (Next Generating Sequencing) dan metode kuantitatif dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) menggunakan 6 perlakuan yaitu P0 (kontrol), P1 (50 ml/l), P2 (75 ml/l), P3 (100 ml/l), P4 (125 ml/l) dan P5 (150 ml/l) dengan 4 ulangan. Pengamatan yang diukur adalah persentase muncul tunas (%), tinggi tanaman (cm) dan jumlah daun (helai). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian PGPR belum berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman yaitu tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun.

Kata Kunci: bawang putih, paitan, PGPR
Pemanfaatan Biochar dan Konsorsium Bakteri pada Remediasi Tanah Tercemar Logam Berat dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Hasil Tanaman Sawi (Brassica Juncea L.)
Authors: Panjaitan Ernitha , Sidauruk Lamria
Published: March 2024

Salah satu metode pemulihan kualitas tanah tercemar logam berat adalah menggunakan teknik remediasi, yaitu  kegiatan untuk membersihkan permukaan tanah yang tercemar. Penelitian ini menggunakan tanaman sawi yang ditanam pada media tanah tercemar logam berat Pb dan Cu, diinokulasi dengan konsorsium bakteri (corynebacterium glutamicum, lactobacillus sp.) dan arang sekam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi logam berat Pb dan Cu, baik pada tanah maupun tanaman, nyata mengalami penurunan dengan semakin bertambahnya taraf inokulasi bakteri dan arang sekam. Rerata besar penurunan Pb pada tanah dan tanaman dengan perlakuan bakteri : 1,28% dan 0,29%; dan rerata penurunan kandungan Cu pada tanah dan tanaman : 1,03% dan 0,17%. Sedangkan rerata besar penurunan Pb pada tanah dan tanaman dengan perlakuan arang sekam masing-masing sebesar 0,44% dan 0,07%; dan rerata penurunan kandungan Cu pada tanah dan tanaman 0,34% dan 0,08%. perlakuan inokulasi bakteri pada taraf 5 g  tanaman-1 dan arang sekam 20 g tanaman-1 mengakibatkan jumlah daun terbanyak. Tinggi tanaman sampai 4 minggu setelah tanam nyata mengalami peningkatan, sedangkan jumlah daun dan bobot basah nyata mengalami peningkatan sampai 5 minggu setelah tanam dengan pemberian arang sekam. Tanaman sawi dengan inokulasi bakteri dan pemberian arang sekam disamping dapat meningkatkan kesuburan tanah dengan memperbaiki sifat-sifat tanah, juga dapat berkontribusi terhadap stabilisasi logam berat pada tanah.

Kata kunci : remediasi, logam berat Pb dan Cu, konsorsium bakteri,arang sekam
Effect of Application of Endophytic Bacteria on the Development of Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease, Growth, and Production of Rice Plants
Authors: Marwan Husda , Hayati Islah , Defitri Yuza
Published: March 2024

Bacterial leaf blight can be found in various stages of rice plant growth, so this disease can affect the growth and production of rice plants. This research aims to determine the effect of applying an endophytic bacterial formula to rice seedlings on the development of HDB disease, growth, and production of rice plants. This study used 4 isolates of endophytic bacteria (isolates BE-KH1, BE-M2, BE-M3, and BE-S5) which were formulated in coconut water waste + peptone. The results of the study showed that the application of the endophytic bacterial formula to rice seedlings was able to reduce the severity of bacterial leaf blight by 54,5 – 63,2% and had an effect on growth, full grain weight, and rice grain weight in rice plants inoculated with Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae bacteria.
Pengaruh Beberapa Spesies Bakteri Endofit Terhadap Viabilitas Dan Vigor Benih Tomat
Authors: Maulidia Vina , Jalil Muhammad , Junita Dewi , Fitria Lizmah Sumeinika , Chairuddin  , Agustinur
Published: March 2024

Bakteri endofit adalah bakteri yang hidup pada jaringan tanaman, dan bersimbiosis secara mutualisme dengan tanaman, peran bakteri endofit bukan hanya sebagai agensia hayati dalam mengendalikan penyakit tanaman namun juga berperan dalam pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman seperti perkecambahan benih. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui beberapa spesies bakteri endofit terhadap viabilitas dan vigor benih tomat. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap, dengan perlakuan kontrol dan enam spesies bakteri (Arthobacter sp., P. aeruginosa, B. cereus, P. moselli, S. marcescens, dan B. thuringiensis) dengan tiga ulangan. Metode pada penelitian ini meliputi perbanyakan bakteri endofit, perlakuan benih, penanaman, dan pengamatan, serta analisis data menggunakan SPSS 25, dengan uji F dan uji DMRT pada taraf 5%. Hasil pengamatan viabilitas benih menunjukkan bahwa bakteri endofit spesies B. cereus, P. moselli, S. marcescens, dan B. thuringiensis memiliki daya berkecambah dan potensi tumbuh maksimum tertinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya, sedangkan pada parameter vigor benih spesies P. moselli dan S. marcescens memiliki persentase indeks vigor, kecepatan tumbuh, dan keserempakan tumbuh terbaik dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya.

Kata kunci: benih, bakteri, viabilitas, vigor
Cultural Ecosystem Services and Farmer’s Willingness to Pay. A case study in Agricultural Communities in South Tapanuli
Authors: Harahao Hamid Arrum , Yonariza  , Endrizal Ridwan  , Yuerlita
Published: March 2024

The study focuses on valuing Cultural Ecosystem Services (CES) in the Sibual-buali area of South Tapanuli, North Sumatera, Indonesia, and its implications for agricultural development and conservation. The research aims to characterize CES and determine their economic value by assessing farmers' willingness to pay (WTP). Using a descriptive and quantitative research design, a household survey with 71 respondents was conducted using the contingent valuation method (CVM). The study reveals the cultural heritage values and community involvement in conserving CES, demonstrating a deep understanding of the forest's protection and the interconnectedness between the forest, agriculture, and community well-being. The findings emphasize the importance of local wisdom, traditional knowledge, and community engagement in agriculture and CES preservation. Additionally, the study identifies education and income as influential factors in respondents' WTP for CES, indicating their positive impact on environmental valuation and conservation efforts. Gender, marriage status, and age were found to have no significant influence on WTP. These findings contribute to comprehending the economic significance of CES and its relationship to sustainable agricultural practices.
KELAYAKAN JALUR PENYEBERANGAN ORANG (STUDI KASUS DEPAN PASAR KRANGGAN KOTA YOGYAKARTA)
Authors: Fransiska Shinta Paramita Kusumadewi
Published: March 2024

Perhitungan kelayakan jalur penyeberangan orang menurut Perencanaan Teknis Fasilitas Pejalan Kaki dari Kementerian PUPR tahun 2018. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer meliputi data volume kendaraan, volume penyeberang, inventarisasi ruas jalan. Data sekunder meliputi peta lokasi, data kecelakaan dan survei kinerja lalu lintas. Analisis data meliputi analisis volume kendaraan, volume penyeberang, pemilihan fasilitas penyeberangan, tingkat kecelakaan, perkiraan kebutuhan jalur penyeberangan orang, perancangan pembangunan fasilitas penyeberangan dan durasi lampu pelican crossing.

 

Pada ruas Jalan Pangeran Diponegoro didapatkan volume kendaraan rata-rata dari 2 (dua) hari kerja dan 2 (dua) hari pada akhir pekan, yang terbagi menjadi 3 (tiga) sesi pengamatan yaitu Titik 1 (Pilar Tengah): 2226,78 smp/jam, Titik 2 (Pilar Barat): 2155,95 smp/jam dan Titik 3 (Pilar Timur): 2125,53 smp/jam sehingga pada tahun 2023 belum membutuhkan fasilitas penyeberangan orang berupa jembatan penyeberangan orang. Berdasarkan nilai i real sesuai data di lapangan pada saat penelitian tahun 2023 yaitu 0,079 maka kebutuhan jembatan penyeberangan orang di ruas Jalan Pangeran Diponegoro pada tahun 2034 sedangkan berdasarkan nilai i sesuai MKJI = 4,80 diperoleh kebutuhan akan jembatan penyeberangan orang di ruas Jalan Pangeran Diponegoro pada tahun 2031. Pada ruas Jalan Pangeran Diponegoro dengan mengacu kepada nilai PV2 tertinggi sebesar 18,35 x 108 maka titik

yang direkomendasikan untuk pembangunan fasilitas penyeberangan orang adalah Titik 1 (Pilar Tengah) dengan kategori kebutuhan fasilitas penyeberangan orang berupa pelican dengan lapak tunggu

Kata Kunci: jalur penyeberangan orang, keselamatan, pejalan kaki, kinerja lalu lintas, pelican crossing .
Utilization of HuberRegressor Machine Learning Model to Predict Carbon Monoxide Concentration in Surabaya City
Authors: Sugiarto Cahya , Abigael Febby Debora , Athallah Yusron Faiz , Agung Hari Saputra
Published: March 2024

Karbon monoksida (CO) adalah salah satu gas polutan yang saat ini konsentrasinya terus meningkat akibat peningkatan populasi dan aktivitas penduduk terutama yang terjadi di Kota Surabaya, Jawa Timur. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat prediksi konsentrasi gas CO di Kota Surabaya tahun 2022. Data kualitas udara konsentrasi CO diperoleh dari MERRA-2 Reanalysis melalui platform Giovanni milik NASA. Pemrosesan data konsentrasi CO dilakukan dengan metode Machine Learning menggunakan platform Google Colaboratory dengan model HuberRegressor. Hasil dari pemrosesan data yang dilakukan diperoleh hasil dengan rincian MASE senilai 0.6218, RMSSE senilai 0.3657, MAE senilai 0.0280, RMSE senilai 0.0314, MAPE senilai 0.0836, dan SMAPE senilai 0.0876. Dari hasil evaluasi model tersebut, dapat dikatakan bahwa model HuberRegressor dapat membuat prediksi konsentrasi gas CO di Kota Surabaya dengan cukup baik.
ANALISIS BIAYA OPRASIONAL KENDARAAN PERAHU TRADISIONAL TERHADAP FAKTOR ABILITY TO PAY DI PELABUHAN BIMA
Authors: Syahrir  , Emi Elmiyati  , Pujaka Maulana
Published: March 2024

Daerah Bima merupakah salah satu wilayah di Indonesia yang sebagian besar wilayahnya dikelilingi oleh laut, transportasi perahu menjadi salah satu sarana yang digunakan untuk mobilitas masyarakat, Di Bima Angkutan Penyebrangan merupakan salah satu sarana yang sangat penting bagi kehidupan perekonomian masyarakat, karena lancar atau tidaknya proses pengangkutan khususnya pengangkutan Penyebrangan mempengaruhi tingkat aktivitas maupun perkembangan ekonomi masyarakat. . Menggunakan transportasi darat memerlukan waktu yang lama, sekitar 1 sampai 2 jam, Sedangkan menggunakan transportasi laut hanya memerlukan waktu tempuh sekitar 15 sampai 30 menit. Penentuan besaran tarif perahu tradisional membutuhkan penanganan dan kebijakan yang arif. Karena harus dapat menjembatani kepentingan penumpang selaku konsumen dan pengusaha angkutan umum. Maksud dan tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tarif angkutan penyeberangan yang berlaku saat ini terhadap  kemampuan penumpang dan Kesesuaian tarif terhadap Biaya Operasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis Ability to Pay untuk mengetahui tingkat kemampuan membayar pengguna jasa agar sejalan dengan tingkat pendapatan dan pembiayaan operasional armada. Perhitungan Ability to Pay mendominasi sebesar 51% pengguna setuju membayar Rp. 16.000 per satu kali perjalanan.  Kemudian hasil analisa antara pendapatan dan pengeluaran per moda angkutan dalam setahun, jika pendapatan diasumsikan berdasarkat tingkat keterisian penumpang sebesar 100% keuntungan diperoleh sebesar Rp. 685.581.000, untuk 75% sebesar Rp. 483.981.000, dan 50% Sebesar Rp. 181.582.000.
Pengujian Nilai CBR Laboratorium Granular Selected Sebagai Lapisan Penopang (Capping Layer) Pada Ruas Jalan Tol Indrapura – Kuala Tanjung
Authors: Rinaldy Rizky A. Lubis  , Darlina Tanjung  , Anisah Lukman
Published: March 2024

Tanah memiliki kandungan air sehingga kelembapan tanah dapat mempengaruhi kekuatan tanah. Jika nilai CBR pada pengujian CBR Lapangan kurang dari 6%, tentu tanah tersebut tidak layak dipakai untuk pekerjaan timbunan. Dari permasalahan tersebut, Direktorat Jendral Bina Marga membuat solusi dengan lapis penopang. Lapis penopang merupakan lapisan yang terdiri dari material berbutir dengan tujuan meminimalisir efek beban dari struktur perkerasan kelapisan dibawahnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mencari sifat mekanik dan fisik serta kelayakan dari material berbutir dari quarry Batang Serangan Ex PT. KSU, Langkat. Berdasarkan penelitian didapatkan hasil: nilai lolos saringan No. 4 : 43,46% dan No.200 : 2,51%. Kadar air optimum : 6,95%, berat isi kering maksimum : 2,008 gr/cm3. CBR Laboratorium desain dari 95% berat isi kering maksimum : 43,50%. Dari hail pengujian tersebut, material quarry Batang Serangan Ex PT. KSU telah memenuhi syarat sesuai dengan spesifikasi jalan tol 2018 sebagai material untuk lapisan penopang.
THE EVALUATION BLACK SPOT LOCATION AND ACCIDENT RISK OF COT PAYA INTERSECTION ACEH BESAR DISTRICT
Authors: Rifki Hidayat  , Cut Nawalul Azka  , Tamalkhani Syammaun  , Muhammad Aula
Published: March 2024

As the population continues to increase each year, it leads to an increasing demand for transportation, indirectly raising the risk of traffic issues. Simpang Cot Paya, situated on the Laksamana Malayahati road section in the Baitussalam District of Aceh Besar Regency, serves as a secondary arterial road that connects the regency to the city of Banda Aceh and is consistently congested with traffic. According to the Traffic Division of the Banda Aceh City Police from 2018 to 2022, there were 233 reported traffic accidents in this area. This research aims to identify the factors causing these accidents and propose measures to reduce the accident rate at this accident-prone location. Primary data was gathered through field observations and measurements, while secondary data consisted of accident records provided by the Banda Aceh City Police, which were analyzed using the Accident Equivalent Number (AEK) method, Upper Control Limit (BKA), and the Safety Index (SI) method. Additionally, a road safety audit was conducted at the accident-prone location to identify issues that may contribute to traffic accidents and to suggest measures to reduce the risk of accidents. An overall analysis indicates that the highest accident vulnerability occurred in 2018 with the highest AEK value of 126, the highest BKA reaching 2.36, and an SI of 2.36. However, the highest material losses were recorded in 2020, amounting to Rp. 26,600,000. This increase in losses was due to a rise in the number of accidents in 2020, totaling 27, and a higher number of minor injuries, amounting to 29 individuals. In other words, if a location has a Safety Index (SI) greater than 1, it is considered a black spot for accidents. The audit revealed several issues, including fading road markings and a lack of road signs and other road infrastructure. Proposed solutions to address these issues include repainting faded road markings and adding road signs and necessary road infrastructure to improve road functionality.
Analisis Tingkat Layanan Kinerja Simpang Bersinyal pada Kawasan Komersial
Authors: Iin Irawati  , Lila Anggraini  , Sri Wanto
Published: March 2024

Simpang adalah daerah rawan kemacetan dan konflik antar kendaraan. Meskipun sudah terpasang sinyalisasi pada simpang, massih banyak ditemui permasalahan pada simpang, seperti tundaan atau antrian yang panjang terutama pada saat peak hour. Salah satu simpang di kota Semarang yang memiliki antrian atau tundaan panjang adalah simpang Pedurungan. Kawasan Pedurungan merupakan kawasan potensial dengan fungsi tataguna lahan yang bersifat komersiaal atau perdagangan. Dampak dari kawasan komersial adalah tingginya hambatan samping, seperti kendaraan keluar masuk pendekat, pejalan kaki, parkir pada sisi jalan serta kendaraan yang bergeraak melambat. Berdasarkan hal tersebut bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja simpang bersinyal dengan metode Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia 1997. Variabel dari penelitian ini terdiri dari variabel terikat (panjang antrian) serta variabel bebas (jumlah kendaraan, geometrik, fase, waktu siklus, hambatan samping, kelandaian, perparkiran dan rasio belok kiri maupun kanan). Arus lalulintas tertinggi pada tiap pendekat adalah sebesar 589,7 smp/jam (pendekat Jalan Majapahit (ke Arah Simpang Lima)); 576,0 smp/jam (pendekat Jalan Fatmawati) dan 354,4 smp/jam (pendekat Jalan Brigjen Sudiarto (ke arah Mranggen)). Nilai derajat kejenuhan (Degree of Saturation (DS) untuk tiap pendekat simpang yaitu 0,58 (pendekat Jalan Majapahit (ke Arah Simpang Lima)); 0,48 (pendekat Jalan Fatmawati) serta 0,57 (pendekat Jalan Brigjen Sudiarto (ke arah Mranggen)). Panjang antrian untuk masing - masing pendekat simpang adalah 93 meter (pendekat Jalan Majapahit (ke Arah Simpang Lima)); 70 meter (pendekat Jalan Fatmawati) dan 68 meter (pendekat Jalan Brigjen Sudiarto (ke arah Mranggen)). Dari nilai DS dan panjang antrian yang dihasilkan, kinerja simpang Fatmawati berada pada Level of Service atau LOS (C).
KAJIAN RISIKO KERUSAKAN LANDASAN PACU PADA BANDAR UDARA SULTAN SYARIF KASIM II PEKANBARU
Authors: Hutapea Gabriel J. Jhonatan , Rani Gayatri K. Pradoto  , Eliza Rosmaya Puri
Published: March 2024

Landasan pacu memiliki peranan yang penting dalam pengoperasian bandara sebagai tempat lepas landas dan mendaratnya pesawat. Dengan peranan yang penting tersebut maka terjadinya kerusakan pada landasan pacu harus diminimalisir. Namun hal berbeda terjadi di Bandara Sultan Syarif Kasim II Pekanbaru yang mengalami peningkatan kejadian kerusakan landasan pacu. Pemeliharaan pun dilakukan untuk mengatasi kerusakan landasan pacu namun belum optimal sehingga kerusakan tetap terjadi. Oleh sebab itu pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan kajian risiko yang menyebabkan kerusakan landasan pacu pada Bandar Udara Sultan Syarif Kasim II Pekanbaru. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi risiko yang menjadi penyebab kerusakan pada landasan pacu di Bandara Sultan Syarif Kasim II Pekanbaru, memperoleh rangking risiko yang menjadi penyebab kerusakan landasan pacu, dan memberikan saran mengenai pemeliharaan landasan pacu yang sebaiknya dilakukan di Bandara Sultan Syarif Kasim II Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan kuisioner kepada pengelola Bandar Udara Sultan Syarif Kasim II Pekanbaru mendapatkan ada 21 (dua puluh satu) risiko yang valid menjadi penyebab kerusakan landasan pacu di Bandar Udara Sultan Syarif Kasim II Pekanbaru. Selanjutnya dilakukan  analisis risiko FMECA (Failure Mode Effect and Critically Analysis) menggunakan perhitungan RPN yang menghasilkan bahwa ada 7 (tujuh) risiko tinggi yang menjadi penyebab kerusakan landasan pacu di Bandar Udara Sultan Syarif Kasim II Pekanbaru. Untuk mengantisipasi risiko tinggi  terjadinya kerusakan pada landasan pacu maka perlu dilakukan pemeliharaan landasan pacu. Namun dengan adanya batasan mengenai bandara yang harus tetap beroperasi, jumlah landasan pacu yang hanya satu, dan belum ditemukan metode perbaikan tanah yang efektif. Maka dalam penelitian ini dilakukan perbandingan 2 (dua) metode pemeliharaan yang biasanya digunakan di Bandar Udara Sultan Syarif Kasim II Pekanbaru yakni metode patching dan patching-overlay. Dari hasil perbandingan biaya pemeliharaan dari 2 (dua) metode tersebut maka dapat direkomendasikan kepada pengelola bandara untuk melakukan metode patching dalam pemeliharaan landasan pacu di Bandar Udara Sultan Syarif Kasim II Pekanbaru.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN SHEAR WALL TERHADAP SIMPANGAN STRUKTUR GEDUNG AKIBAT GEMPA BERDASARKAN SNI 1726-2012
Authors: Syafwandi  , Agyanata Tua Munthe  , Destrina Dwi Aryani
Published: March 2024

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang rawan terhadap bencana gempa, Hal ini yang mengakibatkkan bangunan yang ada diatasnya bisa mengalami kerusakan bahkan keruntuhan. Dalam merancang struktur bangunan bertingkat ada prinsip utama yang harus diperhatikan yaitu meningkatkan kekuatan struktur terhadap gaya lateral.

Penggunaan Shear Wall merupakan salah satu solusi yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kekauan struktur dalam menahan gaya-gaya lateral. Untuk meninjau pengaruh penambahan dan letak posisi shear wall telah dicoba 2 model dengan posisi shear wall berbeda. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan didapat perbandingan bangunan sebelum di tambahkan shear wall dan setelah ditambahkan shear wall. Sebelum ditambahkan shear wall bangunan menyerap gaya gempa sebesar 16,58% arah X dan 9,25% arah Y. Setelah ditambahkan shear wall pada model 1 bangunan menyerap gaya gempa sebesar 47,86% arah X dan 56,31% arah Y. Sedangkan pada model 2 bangunan menyerap gaya gempa sebesar 27,02 arah X dan 16,07% arah Y. Ini menunjukan bahwa penggunaan shear wall dan posisi shear wall pada bangunan berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan kekakuan lateral struktur.
CONCENTRATIONS OF SOME HEAVY METALS IN PLANTS ADJACENT TO THE TIGRIS RIVER, IRAQ
Authors: Rasheed Marwan Majeed , Saeed Ibrahim Omar , Ibrahim Omaima Mahmoud
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT: The current study was completed in Salah al-Din Governorate for a full year, the period extending from June 2022 until the end of May 2023, to evaluate the concentration of zinc and copper in the plants adjacent to the Tigris River. It included the selection of six sites within the governorate, taking into account the locations close to the sources of pollution with heavy metals and the direct effects of population centers, which are (Al-Boujwari village, Al-Hajjaj village, Wadi Sheshin area, Al-Balaj, Al-Alam district and Al-Mahzam area); plant samples were taken three times for each site, during the four seasons of the year. The results showed that the concentrations of heavy metals varied temporally and spatially, as the values ​​of zinc and copper ranged between (0.62-0.04) (0.52-0.02) mg L-1, respectively. An increase in zinc concentrations was observed compared to copper, and an increase in most concentrations was observed in the summer compared to other seasons.
Keywords: heavy metals; zinc; copper; plants pollution.
 
Avaliação das concentrações de alguns metais pesados em plantas adjacentes
ao rio Tigris, Iraque
 
RESUMO: O presente estudo foi concluído na província de Salah al-Din, durante um ano inteiro, durante o período que se estende de junho de 2022 até o final de maio de 2023, para avaliar a concentração de alguns metais pesados, zinco e cobre nas usinas adjacentes ao rio Tigre. Incluiu a seleção de seis locais dentro da província, tendo em conta os locais próximos das fontes de poluição com metais pesados e os efeitos diretos dos centros populacionais, que são (aldeia Al-Boujwari, aldeia Al-Hajjaj, área de Wadi Sheshin, Al-Balaj, distrito de Al-Alam e área de Al-Mahzam), foram colhidas amostras de plantas três vezes para cada local, durante as quatro estações do ano. Os resultados do estudo mostraram que as concentrações de metais pesados variaram temporal e espacialmente, já que os valores de zinco e cobre variaram entre (0,62-0,04) (0,52-0,02) mg L-1, respectivamente. Foi observada uma taxa de aumento das concentrações de zinco em comparação com o cobre e aumento na maioria das concentrações no verão em comparação com outras estações.
Palavras-chave: Metais pesados; zinco; cobre; poluição de plantas.
FUNDAMENTAL ANALYSIS AND TECHNICAL ANALYSIS IN INVESTMENT DECISION MAKING
Authors: Paula Liugita  , Syafira Salsabilla  , Meythi Meythi
Published: March 2024

Investment is the inclusion of a certain amount of money in a way to be able to add value or pass on the right return (Sutha, 2000). This research aims to understand fundamental analysis and technical analysis needed to make investment decisions. The motivation in this study is to find out the price of the stock purchased and analyze the stock using fundamental analysis and technical analysis. The research methods required from this study are secondary data sourced from historical data, income statements and balance sheets from investing.com 2019-2022, technical analysis sourced from weekly reports dated October 23-27, 2023, the RTI Business application to view stock charts, and data sourced from the siminvest application for buying and selling stock on the siminvest application. The samples used for this study are samples of company stocks sourced from the siminvest application, namely BUKA, GOTO, EMTK, and SIDO. The results showed that in the fundamental analysis on EPS, PER, ROE, DER stock BUKA, GOTO, ETMK, and SIDO increased and decreased. ROA on BUKA stock has increased and ROA on GOTO, ETMK, SIDO stocks has increased and decreased. In technical analysis, GOTO's stock selling price suffered a loss and the stock selling price profited. In EMTK and SIDO stocks just bought shares. In BUKA stock obtained stock returns of 0.0294117, 0.01960784, -0.01941474, in GOTO stock, obtained stock returns of 0.015625 and -0.01538461, in EMTK stock obtained returns of -0.009009009 and in SIDO stock experienced returns of 0.
Voicing the Unspeakable: Indian Daughters Writing Mothers
Authors: Sarkar, D.T.S.S College of Commerce, Mumbai, India Sucharita
Published: March 2024

Indian society has traditionally glorified the mother as the silent and submissive producer of sons. In the context of hegemonic patriarchal discourse, the motherdaughter relationship has been an â€œunspeakable plotâ€ (Hirsch 1). Yet mothers have always shaped their daughtersâ€™ identities through their own sacrifices and resistances. In this paper, I have examined the contours of the mother-daughter plot through two texts by Indian daughters/writers: Mai: A Novel by Geetanjali Shree (1997; translated from Hindi by Nita Kumar, 2000), and the â€œbiography-novelâ€ Diddi: My Motherâ€™s Voice by Ira Pande (2005). Although both texts are located in middle class, upper caste families in North India, the mothers respond to patriarchal subjugation in contrasting ways. These texts challenge and subvert patriarchy at various levels: by reasserting the centrality of the mother-daughter relationship; by narrating stories of maternal resistances within and outside the family; by articulating the ambivalences felt by daughters and their consciousness of progressive empowerment; by examining the problematic relationship between procreativity and creativity; by unpacking the social construct of motherhood through the prism of the daughtersâ€™ representations; and by tracing the formation of the â€œmotherlineâ€ (Lowinsky 1) which creates, values and transmits enabling maternal legacies. Using the methodologies of comparative textual analysis and feminist psychoanalysis, I have attempted to rediscover the â€œmatronymicâ€ that is â€œblanked out by the patronymicâ€ in the family plot (Gilbert and Gubar 378) as narrated by daughters writing their mothers in India.
English Writing as Neo-colonial Resistance: An Exchange of English Poetry in Hong Kong
Authors: Tsang, University of Warwick, UK Michael
Published: March 2024

After its handover in 1997, Hong Kong has arguably moved to a neo-colonial situation, where many of its native inhabitants are facing threats from China in their daily lives and material conditions. This has given rise to a movement of resistance against the hegemony of China. Most English writing in Hong Kong have yet to pick up this recent socio-political tension, but in 2012, an English poem written by a mainland Chinese student studying in Hong Kong came under fire for its superficial criticism of Hong Kong from a mainland Chinese persona. The poem drew angry responses from Hong Kong netizens, who then created parodies of the poem to mock China. In this article, I consider this poetic exchange one of the few instances where mainstream social sentiments in Hong Kong intersect with the much neglected English writing of the city. This poetic exchange â€“ the original poem and the various imitations â€“ delineates the social, cultural and political fault lines between China and Hong Kong. The literary value, I argue, lies not in the individual poems, but in how this action-reaction communication alerts us, via poetry and English writing, to be sensitive to the neo-colonial situation of Hong Kong.
What Melts in the â€œMelting Potâ€ of Hong Kong?
Authors: Hung, Hong Kong Baptist University Ruth Y.Y.
Published: March 2024

This paper analyses the vicissitudes of Hong Kong peopleâ€˜s waves of hostility toward visitors from mainland China, treating the hostility as exemplary of a more general but extensive problem of racialism in China. It has two intentions. First, it wants to understand historically how since the start of the twenty-first century, the simplicity of Hong Kongersâ€˜ confused response towards mainlanders has grown into a series of organised "anti-mainlander campaigns" and an allegedly "racist" phenomenon. Second, this paper seeks to document and investigate these sometimes-dangerous sentiments that characterise, confuse and overtake the Hong Kongersâ€˜ struggle for liberal democracy and regional autonomy. To do so is not to pattern itself on the Chinese stateâ€˜s announced goal of policing Hong Kongâ€˜s status as a "special administrative region." Although Hong Kongers derive small political benefit from such "campaigns," they have few ways in which they can overcome the prospect of losing their distinctiveness and becoming one of the many cities of "global China." Given the complex origins of this Hong Kong-mainland relationship in historical colonialism and global capitalism, and given the Peopleâ€˜s Republicâ€˜s new power and status as a key player in the global capital order, Hong Kongers seek to express themselves through free speech, but doing so in a way which creates a public spectacle.
Retrieving Lost Histories: Spaces of Healing, Spaces of Liberation
Authors: Leon, University of Malaya, Malaysia Carol , Koh, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia Gladys
Published: March 2024

A major theme in postcolonial fiction is the struggle to forget the traumas of colonisation and that is why issues related to memory and history frequently emerge in contemporary texts. Tan Twan Eng (1972-) is an acclaimed Malaysian author who deals with the theme of memory particularly with regard to the Chinese community in Malaya during the Japanese Occupation. Using ideas of space and spatiality, this study investigates the postcolonial reclamation of history and home through the medium of memory in The Gift of Rain (2008). In this context, the notion of space used by Tan includes the physical landscape and the psychological landscapes of memory and history. In The Gift of Rain, the memories of the characters are sometimes in conflict with official historical narratives. This article argues that the slipperiness between personal and public narrations of history opens up a space that allows for a renegotiation of identity and understanding of self.
A Handful of Soil: An Ecocritical Reading of Land in Randa Abdel-Fattahâ€™s Where the Streets Had a Name
Authors: M.M., National University of Malaysia (UKM) Raihanah , Ahmed, National University of Malaysia (UKM) Hamoud Yahya , Hashim, National University of Malaysia (UKM) Ruzy Suliza
Published: March 2024

This article explores how Randa Abdel-Fattah (1979-), a Palestinian-Egyptian Australian diasporic writer, engages with the land as being ecocritically functional in her Palestinian-centred novel Where the Streets Had a Name (2008). The premise of the article is that a fictional representation of the Palestinian struggle for emancipation against occupation can be read for its environmental concerns; in particular, for the representation of the intersections of nature and culture. To this end, the article proposes a tripartite approach in reading politics of environment in the narrative by focusing on the effects of land on mind, body and voice. The analysis is carried out through the lens of ecocriticism and it reveals the symbiotic interconnections between humans and land. The findings reveal that the crisis experienced by the Palestinians in Abdel-Fattah's fiction goes beyond the need to preserve their past as the land has strong implications on their present state of mind, body and voice.
â€œweâ€¦head back to Englishâ€: Anglophone Lyric in Hong Kong, Singapore and the Philippines
Authors: Haskell, Westerly Centre, University of Western Australia Dennis
Published: March 2024

English has become such a widespread international language that it has spawned Anglophone literatures in many countries. The spread of English has been one of the largely unintended benefits of empire, including in Hong Kong. For most countries the era of empire sufficiently belongs to history that literary â€•postcolonial studies now seem to have largely run their course, to be replaced by the more open â€•transcultural studies. This signifies the English languageâ€˜s loss of the stigma of empire as it gains a local habitation and a name. However, English often remains a minority language and a minority literature in a specific national context. These literatures are certainly minority ones in global terms, routinely ignored in the Norton, Oxford and other major anthologies of modern English literature. This makes all the more important a possible fraternity, or sorority, of such immigrant Anglophone literatures and the reading of them in relation to each other. Such writing will be, in the words of the editors of the first anthology of writing in English from South-east Asia, â€•separated by distance, cultural diversity and differing historical trajectories (Patke et al, xv). What the writing will have in common are the characteristics of English, thereby encouraging an attention to the aesthetic qualities of the writing as well as the socio-political issues which have dominated literary criticism over the last fifty years in reaction against New Criticism.Â  Â  This paper attempts such a glocal study through a comparison of the work of established contemporary poets from Hong Kong, Singapore and The Philippines, each an Asian place with a recent but now strong enough Anglophone poetry to mark the foundations of a tradition. For practical purposes, this is a sample of countries and of poets, the three being Agnes Lam (Hong Kong), Kirpal Singh (Singapore) and Isabela Banzon (The Philippines).
Introduction
Authors: Yang Mayer, Siena College, USA Chingyen
Published: March 2024

In the early spring of 2014 just when Mother Nature was waking up from an unusually long Upstate New York winter dormancy, an invitation to guest-edit a special issue of Asiatic: IIUM Journal of English Language and Literature on Asian American literature came from its Editor-in-Chief Dr. Mohammad A. Quayum. I was greatly honoured by the kind invitation as I know Dr. Quayum is an internationally renowned prolific writer, leading literary critic, passionate educator and an unsurpassed translator of major literary works by Bengali writers. For the next couple of weeks, I was musing over a suitable topic for the special issue, one that would not only reflect the vibrancy of Asian American literature but also the positionality of my life as an Asian American.
Tagore and Transition: Saving the World for Fun
Authors: Marsh, UK Christine
Published: March 2024

How do we respond to seeing our world under threat: from climate change, resource depletion, species extinctions, land degradation? We surely want to do what we can to save it, but what for? Do we aim to avert the most extreme threats in order to continue abusing the world, and probably making most people miserable? Perhaps we can find ways to save the world and make people happier at the same time. Two initiatives a century apart â€“ Tagore and Transition â€“ make conviviality, creativity and celebration central to their approach to world change. The poet and polymath Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941) aimed for cooperative self-reliance for Indian villages, seeking to overcome caste, class and religious divisions. He emphasised the importance of arts and crafts, including performing plays and music together. A similar ethos is evident in todayâ€™s Transition Initiatives â€“ now numbering thousands in over forty countries. A study has shown that participants value conviviality and enjoyment equally with making progress towards the goals of moving their local economy away from dependence on fossil fuels. There is a circumstantial connection between Tagore and Transition in that the first Transition Town was established in Totnes, near Dartington, where Tagoreâ€™s colleague and friend Leonard Elmhirst carried out his own experiment in rural reconstruction, modelled on Tagoreâ€™s. In this paper, I examine the aims and approaches of Tagore and Transition to test the idea that community self-help focussed on personal freedom and satisfaction is a viable and attractive solution to todayâ€™s social and ecological crisis.Â
Religious Beliefs as Coping Strategies: Exploring the Conceptualisation of Hope in Islam
Authors: Mohd Nasir Siti Aisyah , Borhan Lihanna , Syed Azman Syarifah Zafirah , Fauzi Nur Afiqah , Shahril Roziana
Published: March 2024

Hopelessness tends to correlate with suicidal behaviours. Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) has been claimed to have a good predictive value in predicting suicidality. However, the low rate of suicide in most Muslim nations as compared to non-Muslim nation indicates hopefulness may be a better variable to explain the low rate of suicidality among Muslims. As the BHS lacks this element of hopefulness, especially in integrating the role of religious beliefs as the source of hope to Muslims, the current paper proposes an initiative for BHS to be used in predicting suicidality among Muslims by exploring Quranic verses related to hopefulness. These verses are believed to be the source of strength, comfort and hope for Muslims in facing life difficulties and indirectly predicting the low suicide rate among Muslims.
Famlogger: The development of keylogger tools for parental online monitoring
Authors: Abdul Rahim Noor Hayani , Nuhairi Abdul Rashid , Baharim Muhammad Irfan Danial
Published: March 2024

Recent advances in the Internet have brought about many benefits, but they have also created a number of major problems, particularly for children. One of the most pressing issues is the exposure of children to inappropriate content, such as cyberbullying, online grooming, phishing, and explicit material. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that children are often alone and unsupervised while using the Internet, making it difficult for parents to monitor their online activity. In order to address this issue, a developer has proposed the creation of FamLogger, a keylogger system that would allow parents to monitor their children's online activity from anywhere in the home. The system is designed to provide parents with real-time updates on their children's online activity, including the websites they visit, the apps they use, and the messages they send. To ensure that the system meets the needs of parents and children alike, a survey has been conducted to gather feedback and requirements for the system. The survey results are used to improve the quality of the system and make it more user-friendly for parents. FamLogger can help parents monitor their children's activity from anywhere in the home, providing them with peace of mind and giving them the ability to intervene if necessary.
Image Steganography:
Authors: Abd Aziz Ahmad Zulfakar , Mohd Sultan Muhammad Fitri , Mohamad Zulkufli Nurul Liyana
Published: March 2024

Steganography is the practice of hiding secret information within other media, such as images, audio, video, and text. It has become increasingly important in today's society as a way to enable private and secure communication. This research project focuses on image steganography techniques that are used to evade detection of the secret message through statistical steganalysis techniques. The aim of this research is to compare and evaluate different image steganography methods, study their implementation complexity, and propose a framework to improve current approaches. The research will provide a comparison of the efficiency of different steganography techniques in avoiding detection by steganalysis and may lead to the development of better steganography techniques in the future. This paper focuses on the three steganography methods in the spatial domain: Least Significant Bit (LSB), Pixel-Value Difference (PVD) and Edge-based Data Embedding (EBE) methods. A simple experiment has been conducted to encrypt several images using these three methods, and the distortion measure for LSB using mean square error (MSE) and peak-to-noise ratio (PSNR) has been investigated. Although the distortion measure result is considered acceptable for LSB method in the experiment, all methods resulted in significant difference in the file capacity. This shows that further enhancement in the security of the encryption is necessary so that the secret message will not be easily discovered. Thus, in this paper, we propose a conceptualized enhancement in the security using Morse Code, Base 64, SHA-245, and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) before encrypting using PVD.
الإسلاموفوبيا والأدب الإسلامي في أمريكا: دور الرواية الأدبية في سرد حقيقة الإسلام ودفع الإسلاموفوبيا.. رواية "لو يجب أن أتكلم" لأم زكية نموذجا
Authors: نضيرة بريوة  , رحمة بنت أحمد
Published: March 2024

يُواجه الإسلام و المسلمين و خاصة الأقليات المقيمة في الغرب عددًا من التحديات، مثل الادعاءات الغربية التي تُمارس ضد الإسلام والمسلمين وتنعكس سلبيًّا لتُنتج مختلف الصور النمطية والتحيزات العنصرية ضدهم سواء باستعمال الميديا أو المنشورات الغربية. وعليه؛ يهتم هذ البحث بتسليط الضوء على هذه التحديات و خاصة الاسلاموفوبيا، و دراسات ما بعد الاستعمار و دور الرواية في تصحيح الشبهات و سرد الحقائق حول الإسلام و المسلمين من خلال اتخاذ رواية "لو يجب أن أتكلم" (2000) للكاتبة أم زكية من الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية. وقد وظَّفت الباحثة المنهج الكيفي غير التجريبي معتمدة على طريقة التحليل الوصفي النظري باستخدام الرواية المختارة كمصدر أوليّ، مع مصادر ثانوية نقدية متوفرة في المكتبة وعلى الشابكة، من مثل الكتب والمقالات الأكاديمي، والمقابلة الشخصية المنشورة التي أجريت مع الكاتبة المختارة، أم زكية. على وجه الخصوص، تحاول هذه الورقة اكتشاف آثار الاسلاموفوبيا على حياة المسلمين في الغرب وطريقة النقد الأدبي في تصحيح هذه النظرة ضمن الذاتية التاريخية، وبعد التحليل والمناقشة؛ ظهرت أدلة كافية على صراعات عدة تواجه الهوية الإسلامية في الغرب، ممّا يؤدي إلى ضياع هوية المسلم بين الأنا والآخر، فمن جهة ترغب الأنا المسلمة في الحفاظ على جوهرية هوية الأصل، ومن جهة أخرى تتعرض الهوية للضياع والتهجين والازدواجية بسبب السياسات العنصرية والثقافة الغربية والشعور بالتغريب، ومن أهمية هذا البحث. كما أثبتت الدراسة أنّ للرواية دور مهم في تصحيح الشبهات و سرد الحقائق، و لذلك نوصي بأسلمة الرواية و الكتاب بتسليط رواياتهم و أقلامهم على سرد الهوية و الثقافة الإسلامية بدل التقليد و التبعية للأدب الغربي دون مراعاة الهوية و مقوماتها.
Қазақстанның кеңестік басқару жүйесіндегі құпия іс жүргізу (1920-1930 жж.)
Authors: Ысқақ А.С. , Жұматай Ғ.Б.
Published: March 2024

Мақалада Қазақстан Республикасы Президенті архивінің жария 719-қор құжаттарын тыңғылықты талдау негізінде 1920-1930 жылдары Қазақстанның кеңестік басқару жүйесіндегі құпия іс жүргізу қарастырылып, талдау жасалған. Құпия іс жүргізудің кеңестік басқару жүйесіндегі рөлі мен маңызы, оның дәстүрлі іс жүргізуден ерекшелігі отандық гуманитарлық ғылымда зерттеу объектісіне алынбаған тақырыптың бірі. Ол құпия құжаттарды дайындау, олардың қозғалысын ұйымдастыру және сақтауды қамтитын бірнеше сатылы күрделі үрдістерді қамтиды. Қоғамдағы ірі саяси, әлеуметтік, экономикалық реформалармен тығыз байланысты кеңестік басқару жүйесінде құпия іс жүргізудің құдіретті күшке айналуы заңды еді. Кеңестік мемлекеттің стратегиялық бағыттары — әскери, қаржыэкономикалық, саяси дамуға қатысты құпия мәліметтері үш санатқа бөлінді. Құпия құжаттарды қабылдау, жөнелту тәртібі ерекше нұсқаулықпен белгіленіп, оны ұйымдастыру жұмыстары Мемлекеттік саяси басқарманың Құпия бөлімшелеріне жүктелді. Көппәндік контексте зерттеуді қажет ететін бұл тақырып кеңестік бақылау органдарының қызметінде қалыптасқан қолжетімді түрлі құпия құжаттарды талдау көмегімен жүргізілді.
Жұмабек Ахметұлы Ташеневтің қоғамдық саяси-қызметі
Authors: Апашева С.Н. , Сайлаубаева Н.Е. , Асанова С.С. , Мамраймов С.Д.
Published: March 2024

Мақала белгілі мемлекет және қоғам қайраткері, тың игеру жылдарындағы республиканың алғашқы басшыларының бірі — Жұмабек Ахметұлы Ташеневтің қоғамдық, саяси тұлғасына арналған. Ол Қазақ КСР Жоғарғы Кеңесі Төралқасының төрағасы қызметін атқарды, кейін республика үкіметін басқарды. Осыған байланысты мақала авторлары Ж.А. Тәшеневтің қоғамдық-саяси қайраткер ретіндегі тұлғасын тарихи зерттеуге әрекет жасап, оның өмірі мен қызметіне баға берген. Ж.А. Тәшеновтің Қазақстанның экономикасы мен мәдениетін дамытудағы рөлі сипатталған және осы көрнекті мемлекет және партия қайраткерінің ел алдындағы еңбегін мәңгілікке қалдыру қажеттілігін негіздейді. Авторлар Ж.А. Тәшеневтің басты еңбегі оның Қазақстанның аумақтық тұтастығын сақтау үшін күресі деп тұжырымдайды.
Советская периодика как отражение идеологии в отношении детства (на материалах журнала «Балдырган»)
Authors: Бекмагамбетов Р.К. , Бекмагамбетова М.Ж. , Бимолданова А.А.
Published: March 2024

Исторические исследования по теме детства в Казахстане предполагают анализ и осмысление различных многоаспектных явлений, в том числе влияние периодической печати на воспитание подрастающего поколения в советский период. Воздействие советских детских СМИ было огромным и было призвано решить целый спектр задач по вовлечению детей и подростков в пионерскую и комсомольскую организации, исполнению идеологических установок руководства страны, служению идеям Коммунистической партии. Цель статьи — исследовать редакционную политику и идейнотематическое содержание детского журнала «Балдырган», который отразил в себе все основные идеологические тенденции исследуемого периода и явился своеобразным продуктом своей эпохи. Хронологические рамки охватывают 60-е годы ХХ века. Благодаря «оттепели» советская детская печатная продукция постепенно отходит от идеологического влияния в пользу общекультурного влияния. Рассмотрены редакционная политика, редколлегия и сотрудники, взаимосвязь журнала и целевой аудитории, жанровые и композиционные особенности информации. Анализируя содержательную часть журнала, приходим к выводу, что журнал «Балдырган» доходчиво объяснял подрастающему поколению азы «правильного» поведения в советском обществе, определял моральные ценности, повышал познавательный интерес. Оставаясь формально в рамках коммунистической идеологии, «Балдырган», благодаря своей творческой редакции, стремился приобщить детей к гуманистическим ценностям в общечеловеческом понимании.
ХІХ ғасырдағы реформаларға Қазақстандағы жергілікті билік өкілдерінің бейімделуі және тарихи жады мәселелері (Жантуриндер әулеті мысалында)
Authors: Еришева Т.А. , Альдибаева А.Б. , Ибраимов Л.Н.
Published: March 2024

Мақалада ХІХ ғасырдағы патшалық Ресейдің Қазақстанда жүргізген реформаларына Жантуриндер әулетінен шыққан жергілікті билік өкілдерінің бейімделу үрдісі тарихи жады деректері негізінде талданған. Ғылыми мақаланың негізгі мақсаты — ХІХ ғасырдағы Ресей империясының қазақ даласын басқару жүйесіне енгізген өзгерістеріне Жантуриндер әулеті өкілдерінің бейімделу үрдісін зерделеу және осы әулеттен шыққан сұлтан билеушілер мен шенеуніктердің әкімшілік-территориялық реформаларды жүзеге асырудағы қызметін талдау. Авторлар отаршылдық әкімшіліктің жергілікті қызметшілері Ахмет, Мұхаммед және Сейітхан Жантуриндердің саяси және қоғамдық қызметін қарастырады. Зерттеушілер Жантуриндер әулетінің өкілдері туралы революцияға дейінгі кезеңде жарық көрген еңбектерді, жарияланған орыс деректерін және ғылыми мақалаларды қолданған.