bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sleep Disturbances as a Potential Risk Factor for Deterioration of Respiratory Function in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Li Xin , Liu Qi , Niu Tongyang , Jia Hongning , Liu Tingting , Xin Zikai , Li Zhiguang , Zhou Xiaomeng , Li Rui , Liu Yaling , Dong Hui
Published: July 2023

Objectives:

Sleep disturbances are common in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, previous studies have explored sleep quality at the cross-sectional level and the longitudinal variability characteristics are currently unknown. Our study aimed to longitudinally explore the effect of sleep quality on disease progression in patients with ALS.

Methods:

All enrolled patients with ALS were first diagnosed and completed the 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Subjective sleep disturbance was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Based on the PSQI score at baseline, patients with ALS were classified as poor sleepers (PSQI >5) and good sleepers (PSQI ≤5). Disease progression was assessed using the rate of disease progression, the absolute change from baseline forced vital capacity (ΔFVC) and the percentage change from baseline FVC (ΔFVC%) over the follow-up period.

Results:

Sixty-three patients were included in the study, 24 (38.1%) were poor sleepers and 39 were good sleepers. The percentage of patients with poor sleep quality was 38.1% at baseline, increasing to 60.3% and 74.6% at 6- and 12-month, respectively. Compared to good sleepers, ΔFVC and ΔFVC% values were greater in poor sleepers (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). Poor sleep quality at diagnosis is associated with rapid deterioration of respiratory function during disease progression.

Conclusions:

Sleep disturbances maybe a potential risk factor for deterioration of respiratory function in patients with ALS. The role of sleep disturbances in disease progression deserves attention, and early assessment and intervention may slow disease progression and improve life quality of patients with ALS.
Histopathological response to denosumab in giant cell tumours of bone - A review of 11 cases
Authors: Kumar Rabish , Mallya Varuna , Mandal Shramana , Tomar Reena , Khurana Nita , Maini Lalit
Published: July 2023

Background:

Giant cell tumor (GCT) of the bone is a locally aggressive primary bone tumor, that can rarely metastasize. Arising mostly in epiphysis of the long bones in young adults, the tumor is composed of mononuclear cells that are admixed with osteoclastic giant cells(OLGCs), which express RANK ligand and RANK respectively. Denosumab a monoclonal antibody against RANK ligand has been shown to reduce the tumor by causing bone lysis by inhibiting RANKL. Histological changes in 11 patients of GCT who were treated with denosumab are presented here.

Materials and Methods:

Clinical records and slides of 11 patients of GCT who had been administered neoadjuvant denosumab were included in the study. Evaluation of pre and post therapy GCT specimens was performed by two pathologists (RK and VM). There were 4 males and 7 females. Their mean age was 30 years. All the patients received 120 mg denosumab subcutaneously every week with additional 120 mg on days 8 and 15 of therapy. The histological slides were reviewed and following points noted: 1) degree of ossification,2) fibrosis,3) loss of osteoclastic giant cells,4) proliferation of mononuclear cells,5) atypia,6) Permeation of osteoid by malignant cells.

Results:

Out of 11 cases, 2 cases did not show any significant histological improvement. 7 cases showed reduction in giant cells, increased fibrosis, enhanced mononuclear cell proliferation and ossification consistent with a pathological response. Atypia and osteoid permeation were noted in 2 cases which showed transformation to osteosarcoma.

Conclusion:

Denosumab treated giant cell tumor show dramatic histological changes. The post therapy lesions may bear no resemblance to pretherapy lesion. There may be complete resolution or may be confused with benign or malignant lesions Rarely they may show sarcomatous transformation. It is imperative that the pathologist is aware of these changes to prevent diagnostic pitfalls as it poses therapeutic and prognostic implications.
Advanced penile lymphoma: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Arambulo Stella , Calle Ana , Vela Jose Manuel , Sotelo Miguel Jhonatan
Published: July 2023

Primary penile lymphomas are extremely rare. They are aggressive neoplasms that can present as double-or triple-hit lymphomas, and because the associate with a high risk of central nervous system dissemination, treatment consists of high-dose chemotherapy regimens plus intrathecal prophylaxis. Pathology can be confused with squamous cell carcinoma of the penis, leading to inappropriate treatments and unnecessary amputations. We report the case of a patient diagnosed with clinical Stage IV penile non-Hodgkin lymphoma that was treated with a complete and durable response. In addition, we review the available literature on penile lymphoma.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice of primary care physicians for pretravel counseling for type 2 diabetes patients in Jazan Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhumsi Ibrahim M.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background and Objective:

Pretravel advice given by the primary healthcare (PHC) physicians is of vital importance to diabetic patients to maintain their glycemic status during their travel as many of them are not aware of the risks of travel on their health status. Our objective was to assess the status of pretravel counseling for type 2 diabetic patients (knowledge, attitude, and practice) in Jazan Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) among the PHC physicians.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was carried out among a sample of PHC physicians working at the PHC centers in Jazan Region, KSA. The data were collected using a validated self-administered questionnaire.

Results:

The study included 250 PHC physicians. The age of 45.2% of them ranged between 30 and 39 years, and males represented 56.2% of them. Overall, the knowledge score ranged between 0 and 10 with a median (interquartile range [IQR]) of 6 (5–7). Physicians aged 40–49 years (P < 0.001), non-Saudis (P = 0.005), and more experienced physicians (>15 years) (P < 0.001) were more knowledgeable than their counterparts. The attitude score ranged between 6 and 30 with a median (IQR) of 25 (22–27). Saudi physicians were more likely than non-Saudis to have more positive attitude toward pretravel counseling for diabetic patients (P = 0.007). The practice score ranged between 1 and 13 with a median (IQR) of 6 (5–8).

Conclusion:

The PHC physicians in Jazan Region, KSA, had a moderate level of knowledge and practice as well as encouraging attitude concerning pretravel counseling for type 2 diabetic patients. However, their knowledge and attitude from one side were not associated with their practice from the other side.
Health system factors related to COVID-19 mortality in Eastern India: Hospital-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Sahu Dinesh Prasad , Singh Arvind Kumar , Mishra Baijayantimala , Behera Bijayini , Patro Binod Kumar , Kunjanpillai Jawahar Sreevihar , Nair Jyolsna , Panigrahi Manoj Kumar , Mohanty Manoj Kumar , Behera Priyamadhaba , Mohapatra Prasanta Raghav , Barik Sadananda , Mohanty Sachidanand , Sahu Subhakanta , Singh Sudipta Ranjan , Tripathy Swagata
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has left footprints across all ages and socio-economic strata. The deaths because of COVID-19 are usually multi-factorial. The study aimed to assess the health system factors related to COVID-19-related deaths.

Materials and Methods:

A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital of eastern India. A total of 272 COVID-19 deaths that occurred between April and November 2020 were investigated. Data were extracted from Medical Record Department, and telephonic interviews were conducted to assess the different delays related to death. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Travel time, travel distance, delay in testing, and delay in receiving quality care were presented as median with inter-quartile range.

Results:

Complete information could be collected from 243 COVID deaths of the 272 deaths (89.3%). The duration of hospital stay was 1–7 days for 42% of the deceased. The median travel time was 120 min, and the median distance travelled was 60 km. The median time to receive first attention of health care workers was 10 minutes. There was hardly any delay in reporting of test results, whereas the median time from symptoms to test and the median time from symptoms to admission were 4 days each.

Conclusion:

Health system factors related to death of COVID-19 need to be addressed to avoid the avoidable deaths during the pandemic situation. The resilience of the health system can be helpful in reducing death toll in a low-resource country like India.
Impact of educational intervention in promoting KAP of food label information to make healthier food choices among adolescents in Bangalore City
Authors: Sindhu S , Madaiah Madhusudan
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Increasing adolescent obesity, a reason for the onset of adult chronic diseases, has become an important public health priority. Food choices are impacted by the growing availability of processed and pre-packaged meals, the rise in eating out compared to eating at home, low nutrition literacy, and the inability to evaluate calorie and nutrient information.

Objective:

The objective is to assess the current knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of the adolescents regarding food label information to make healthier food choices, to improve their KAP regarding the same through health education using pictorial representation, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the health education.

Materials and Methods:

An educational intervention study was performed among 200 adolescent students (13–15 years) in selected schools in Bangalore city. Health education was given using materials like charts, models, and posters in an interactive way. Pre-KAP and post-KAP were assessed using questionnaires.

Results:

The study comprised 145 (72.5%) girls and 55 (27.5%) boys with the mean age of 14.02 years. Only 102 (51%) were having knowledge that food labels must be read irrespective of health issues or disease. Only 81 (40.5%) calculated the total nutrient intake before taking food items before intervention, which was increased to 147 (73.5%) post intervention.

Conclusion:

The results of the present study successfully proved that nutritional educational intervention by pictorial representation was feasible and successfully improved the understanding and use of food label information for making healthier food choices among adolescents.
Association of depression with disease duration, quality of life and adherence in Parkinson’s disease: A cross sectional study
Authors: Samanta Subhash , Bisht Manisha , Kanimozhi M , Kumar Niraj , Handu Shailendra S.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive motor disorder often accompanied by non-motor symptoms such as depression.

Objectives:

The objective was to estimate the prevalence of depression in PD patients, and assess its association with disease duration, quality of life and adherence to treatment.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care centre for patients diagnosed with PD. Depression was diagnosed using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. The Chi-square test was used to assess the difference in proportions of depression in various types and severity of PD. Depression was also correlated with disease duration, quality of life (QOL) and adherence to treatment using the Pearson correlation test. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Among 51 patients, 20 (39.22%) patients were found to have depression. The mean duration of disease in depressed patients was significantly longer compared to that in non-depressed patients (7.99 ± 4.53 vs. 3.62 ± 2.23, P < 0.001), respectively. The non-depressed patients were better adherent to treatment (1.71 ± 1.5 vs. 0.56 ± 0.91). The quality of life of patients was significantly low for depressed patients (21.90 ± 6.91 vs. 13.16 ± 6.93, P < 0.001). Depression in Parkinson’s patients was positively correlated with the duration of the disease (P-value <0.001); disease staging (P-value <0.001). Quality of life (QOL) had a strong correlation with depression (P-value <0.001) and Hoehn and Yahr (HY) staging (P-value <0.05).

Conclusion:

Depression was found in 39.22% of PD patients and was more significantly associated with disease duration, non-adherence to treatment and decreased quality of life.
The effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with or without platelet rich plasma on the healing of mandibular bony defects in rabbits
Authors: Ibrahim Maha H. , Afifi Omaima H. , Ghoneim Shoukria M. , Youssef Doaa A.
Published: July 2023

Objectives

This experimental study was designed to evaluate the effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) alone or in combination with platelet rich plasma (PRP) on the healing of experimentally created critical-size bony defects in the rabbit's mandible histologically, immunohistochemically using matrix metalloproteinase-9 and vascular endothelial growth factor antibodies and histomorphometrically.

Materials and methods

Sixteen rabbits were included in the study, where three identical critical-size circular bony defects, two in the right side and one in the left side of the mandible of each rabbit, were created; group I: comprises 16 intraosseous defects (the mesial defect in the right side of the mandible of each rabbit) with no filler, group II: comprises 16 intraosseous defects (the distal defect in the right side of the mandible of each rabbit) filled with TiO2NPs powder mixed with saline, group III: comprises 16 intraosseous defects (the defect in the left side of the mandible of each rabbit) filled with TiO2NPs powder mixed with PRP. Samples were collected from the surgical sites of the experimental defects at 2 and 6 weeks.

Results

Histologically and histomorphometrically: the amount of newly formed bone was superior and significant in group III when compared with group II and group I at 2 and 6 weeks interval. Immunohistochemically group III showed superior and statistically significant increase in the vascular endothelial growth factor expression levels and matrix metalloproteinase-9 immunolabeling when compared with group II and group I.

Conclusion

TiO2NPs can be considered a promising material for bone regeneration alone or when combined with PRP.
Subclinical hypothyroidism in adults: Consensus statement of Indian thyroid society
Authors: Rajput Rajesh , Bajaj Sarita , Kalra Pramila , Menon Arun S , Pillai Mini G , Ghosh Sujoy , Joshi Shashank , Seshadri Krishna , Kumar Prasanna , Jayakumar R V , Ganie Mohd Ashraf , Puttiyaveettil Jabbar , Gupta Sushil , Rao Himagirish K
Published: July 2023

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is the most prevalent thyroid disorder in the Indian population. Since the last publication of the 2015 Indian Thyroid Society guideline on SCH, many significant clinical and scientific advances have occurred in the field. The aim of this guideline is to inform clinicians, researchers, and health policymakers about published evidence related to the diagnosis and management of SCH in adults. The specific clinical questions addressed in this consensus are based on the inputs from the task force of experts in the field of endocrinology and thyroid disease. The consensus statements are derived based on the latest published articles and evidence in SCH. A well-defined grading system has been followed for the critical appraisal of evidence and grading strength of recommendations. The guideline includes recommendations on the prevalence, causes, consequences, screening, diagnosis, and treatment of SCH. Other aspects detailed are the role of levothyroxine, its impact on the timing of treatment, and its benefits on various SCH consequences and populations. Therefore, these evidence-based recommendations are developed to inform clinical decision-making in the management of SCH in adults. While in some cases individualization of treatment is a necessity, these recommendations can provide standards of optimal care for patients with SCH.
Ethnographic and functional perspectives of tilapia names among the Ewe of Ghana
Authors: Aziaku Vincent Erskine , Akyea Gladys Mansa Feddy
Published: July 2023

Modern methods of rearing tilapia in recent years and the importation of same may have contributed to the increase in the consumption of tilapia in Ghana as a whole, particularly among the Eʋe. Most organisms, including animals and fish, are named but they may not respond to their names as humans do. Observation also shows that consumers of tilapia are mostly conversant with the generic name of the fish and less interested in particularising the different species with their names. This paper seeks to investigate the essence of animal names with particular reference to tilapia among the Eʋe of Ghana. The research questions that are germane to the study are the following: Does the composition of names of tilapia derive from their physical characteristics? What knowledge do the Eʋe have about the names of tilapia and how does their knowledge influence the production, marketing and consumption of tilapia. The paper adopts a descriptive design approach in data collection and analysis. It establishes that the idiosyncrasies and general physical features of tilapia reflect in their naming system. Analysis also reveals that the names are both free and bound morphemes. The data further shows that geographical location, vocation, sex and age dynamics affect knowledge on the names of tilapia. These, to some extent, influence the production, marketing and consumption of the fish. The paper, therefore, concludes that even though organisms may not respond to their names, the names of those organisms such as tilapia are relevant to the people who ascribe these names to them.
RESISTENCIA DE BACTERIAS AISLADAS Y CARACTERIZADAS, PROVENIENTES DE LAS TOMAS DE AGUA DE PLANTAS POTABILIZADORAS DE AZUERO
Authors: Chávez Rosio , De La Cruz Lombardo Alexis
Published: July 2023

Los vertidos de aguas residuales han traído como consecuencias bacterias resistentes a los antibióticos que llegan a los ríos.  El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la resistencia de bacterias aisladas provenientes de las diferentes tomas de agua de las plantas potabilizadoras de Azuero. Se aislaron bacterias por medio de la técnica de filtro de membrana y se realizaron pruebas bioquímicas. Se utilizó el método de Kirby Bauer por difusión en discos. De acuerdo con la caracterización y aislamiento de bacterias y su frecuencia existe una gran ocurrencia de géneros bacterianos entre las diferentes tomas de las plantas, los antibióticos con mayor resistencia fueron Ceftriaxona y Ticarcilina para todas las bacterias aisladas. Encontrándose un valor-p, menor que el nivel de significación p ? 0.05, el estadístico de prueba H es igual a 64.313 (gl=6) encontrándose diferencias significativas entre los parámetros físicos y los coliformes evaluados de las diferentes tomas de agua. Se concluye que no hay relación entre las bacterias y los antibióticos.
Material compuesto biodegradable para aplicaciones ortopédicas: algunas consideraciones sobre caracterización microestructural, electroquímica y propiedades mecánicas.
Authors: Rincon Montenegro Juan Carlos
Published: July 2023

En los últimos años, se han desarrollado una nueva ola de biomateriales para una diversidad de aplicaciones. Los investigadores se han centrado en mejorar las características y propiedades esenciales en los biomateriales en aplicaciones ortopédicas, la biocompatibilidad, bioactividad y el control de los mecanismos de corrosión en materiales biodegradables han sido blanco de estudio y desarrollo de nuevos materiales innovadores en esta área de la biomédica. Al implementar la adición de un material cerámico de refuerzo en una matriz de aleación metálica biodegradable, se pueden mejorar varias de estas características, y en adición a estas, propiedades mecánicas, superficiales y hasta de osteointegración. En esta revisión, se intentará dar un contexto de la caracterización microestructural, electroquímica y mecánica de estos biomateriales. al igual que aplicaciones y técnicas de síntesis.
التنمية الاقتصادية في الجماهيرية ودورها في الزراعة والصناعة
Authors: شلوف فيصل مفتاح , افحيمة جمعة عبدالسلام
Published: July 2023

إن التنمية الزراعية والصناعية تعتبر من السياسات التي تهدف لتعزيز خطى التنمية الاقتصادية، حيث إنه عن طريق إحداث عملية التنمية يتأتی تنويع الأبنية الإنتاجية بالبلاد النامية، أو المتخلفة اقتصاديا، وبالتالي تقليل المخاطر اللاحقة بالإمعان في التخصص في انتاج المنتجات الأولية وتصديرها. ان قضية التنمية الزراعية والصناعية، التي توصف بالمعنى الاقتصادي أنها قضية التصنيع لا تقوم على أساس أنه مجرد اجراء دفاعی تستهدف به البلاد التواقة للتطور تقلیل المخاطر سواء تمثلت في التقلبات الواسعة في أسواق المنتجات الأولية أم في تراخي الزيادة في الطلب على المنتجات من جانب البلاد الصناعية، أم في اتجاه طويل المدى لتحرك معدل التبادل الدولي في غير صالحها.
ذلك اننا نعلم وكما أوضحته التجارب العالمية على مدى العصور – أن التصنيع يتمثل بصفة أساسية من أنه السبيل الوحيد لرفع مستوى معيشة السكان، فالتنمية الاقتصادية الرشيدة تستوجب أن يضطرد النمو الصناعي جنبا الى جنب مع التنمية الزراعية نظرا لوجود علاقات التشابك المتعددة بين هذين القطاعين. اذ يتسني في هذه الحالة للصناعات الوليدة تزويد الزراعة بالآلات والمهمات ومستلزمات الانتاج اللازمة للارتفاع بالمستوى الفني في الزراعة كما يتأتى لها أيضا توفير طلب مطرد لزيادة العديد من المنتجات الزراعية سواء من الأغذية أم من المواد الأولية لذلك، أولت قيادة الثورة منذ قيامها الاهتمام بعملية التنمية الشاملة لجميع القطاعات وكان لكل قطاعي الزراعة والصناعة السبق والأولوية في برامج خطط التحول الاقتصادي والاجتماعي سعيا وراء تنويع الإنتاج، ومصادر الدخل القومي، | والتقليل من الاعتماد على النفط الخلق قاعدة اقتصادية قوية تعتمد على قطاعات انتاجية تنموية متعددة، ولامكانية زيادة نسبة مساهمة هذين القطاعين في الناتج المحلي الإجمالي، وتحقيق الاكتفاء الذاتي من المنتجات الزراعية والغذائية وانتاجها محليا، هذا وقد شهدت الفترة من 1970 م - 1990 م عدة تطورات جوهرية ومهمة، عكست التطورات الاقتصادية والاجتماعية، والتغيرات الهيكلية التي يشهدها المجتمع الآن. وبالرغم من هذا التقدم والأثر الواضح للتصنيع في المجال الزراعي الى بعض المشاكل، على سبيل المثال نقص الأيدي العاملة الفنية المدربة، واعتماد معظم المصانع على استيراد قطع الغيار والمواد الخام من الخارج والتي تحتاج الى اعتمادات الصرف والتي يؤدي تأخرها الى تعطيل تلك المشروعات الصناعية الى الانتاج المستهدف. هذا | بخلاف بعض المشاكل التي تعترض الزراعة کمشاكل التسويق والتخزين وتغير الظروف الجوية والمناخية، وخاصة الأمطار، ونقص المياه الجوفية. اضافة الى ذلك كان هناك بعض النقص في الدراسات الميدانية والبحوث العلمية وتجديد دراسات الجدوى الاقتصادية للمشاريع المختلفة في كل من قطاعي الزراعة والصناعة كلما دعت الضرورة لذلك.
Proniosomes: A pro vesicular system in ocular drug delivery
Authors: Kandpal Neha , Nainwal Nidhi , Ale Yogita , Semwal Yamini , Jakhmola Vikash , Padiyar Neha
Published: July 2023

The eyes are the only sense organ required for vision. Diseases like glaucoma, cataract, diabetic retinopathy etc. affect the proper functioning of the eyes and sometimes lead to blindness. The treatment of eye disorders is very challenging because of the unique structure of this organ. The traditional treatment approaches are not effective in providing good ocular bioavailability. The Provesicular systems are new-generation delivery systems that can improve drug bioavailability and provide therapeutic responses in a controlled manner for desired time. Among all, liposomes are the first such delivery vehicle but due to the lack of stability and the high cost, niosomes were formulated. Niosomes are nanosized vesicles composed of non-ionic surfactants that can encapsulate both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs. The drawbacks associated with niosomes, like fusion, aggregation, sedimentation, difficulty in sterilization, leaking, etc., gave birth to proniosomes. Proniosomes are more stable and bioavailable than niosomes and liposomes. Proniosomes are dry formulations of hydrophilic carrier particles coated with a water-soluble non-ionic surfactant that, when hydrated, instantly transforms into niosomes. Proniosomes can be used as stable, non-toxic carriers to improve the ocular residence and bioavailability of many drugs. This paper reviewed various aspects of proniosomes along with their biomedical applications and toxicity in ocular drug delivery.
PROBLEMS OF FORMATION OF A COMPETITIVE FINANCIAL SERVICES MARKET IN UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Abdulazizova Ugiloy
Published: July 2023

Since gaining independence, much attention has been paid to competition policy in Uzbekistan. In recent years, the relevance of the problem of developing competition in commodity markets has decreased, but the issue of underdeveloped competition in financial services markets remains unresolved. In this connection, the problem of monopolistically high prices for financial services in these markets remains. In this article, we have identified the main problems of the formation and functioning of the competitive financial services market in Uzbekistan.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE KASHKADARYA REGION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors: Tursunov Sherzod , Rahmankulov Jamshid
Published: July 2023

This article covers the issues of the importance and effectiveness of local government in the development of the digital economy on the example of Kashkadarya region, presents the main directions of the effective use of digital tax technologies in management, the economic indicators of the region on the use of digital technologies.
CARBON EMISSIONS RATE IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Najmiddinov Yahyo , Yuldashev Golibjon
Published: July 2023

Many tasks related to the development of sustainable electric energy, sustainable production, improvement of the population's well-being, improvement of the economic situation of the population were solved, and some priority tasks for the coming decades were determined. There is no doubt that in order to improve the economic situation of the country, we need to change our attitude towards nature, the ideas of new green economy and sustainable development should be discussed in the general council of all countries. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are part of the problem that all countries are struggling to identify and reduce emissions. While studying and discussing the manuscripts of advanced countries, we tried to apply them to Uzbekistan. To do this we have used the comparative analysis methods. By contrasting the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in central Asian countries in different sections.This study analyzes the impact of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas on the country's gross domestic product and how much it has been in recent years. Also, the factors causing the release of carbon dioxide gas into the air are analyzed and several new opinions and suggestions are mentioned. In one word, in this article we have paid attention mostly CO2 emissions, renewable energy and its importance for the central Asian countries and their border countries, effects of carbon dioxide to the gross domestic products of the central Asian countries, types of CO2 emissions and their pros and cons for the countries especially Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan.
ISSUES OF INCREASING THE MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY OF THE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY
Authors: Saidov Mashal
Published: July 2023

В данной статье рассмотрены существующие проблемы в сфере электроснабжения республики и пути их устранения, ожидаемая динамика внутреннего спроса на энергоресурсы в экономическом развитии отрасли, уровень удельной энергоемкости в отрасли, снижение объемов энергопотребления в экономике, роль роль энергетического сектора в социально-экономическом развитии Были высказаны предложения и рекомендации по развитию отрасли.
CONCEPTUALIZING ADVERTISING RESEARCHES OF MEASURING ADVERTISING EFFECTIVENESS
Authors: Sharopova Nafosat
Published: July 2023

This paper aims to address this gap by providing a comprehensive conceptualization of advertising research that focuses on measuring advertising effectiveness. Drawing on a thorough review of the literature, this paper provides an overview of the concept of advertising effectiveness and the different approaches to measuring it. The paper then explores the various types of advertising research that have been conducted, including qualitative and quantitative research, as well as traditional and digital research methods. The challenges associated with measuring advertising effectiveness, such as the difficulty in establishing causality and the impact of external factors, are also discussed. One key contribution of this paper is the proposal of a framework for conducting effective advertising research, which includes clearly defining research objectives, selecting appropriate research methods, and considering the limitations and potential biases in the research design. The framework is intended to help researchers and practitioners to conduct research that is more effective and efficient in measuring advertising effectiveness. Overall, this paper aims to contribute to the understanding of advertising research by providing a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the field. It is hoped that the proposed framework will be useful in guiding future research and practice, ultimately leading to more effective and efficient advertising campaigns.
POVERTY REDUCTION BUDGET POLICY ANALYSIS IN UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Baratov Sadulla
Published: July 2023

The article analyzes the state budgetary provision of the measures implemented in our country to reduce poverty and the budgetary policy in this regard, as well as formulates recommendations and conclusions substantiating its practical significance.
ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN UNEMPLOYMENT AND GDP
Authors: Saidova Ugiloy
Published: July 2023

This article explores the relationship between unemployment and one of the factors affecting the gross domestic product. The author used data from the World Bank. Data was received from 2011 to 2021. Also, the obtained data were analyzed using the OLS model, which is one of the econometric analysis models. The analysis shows that the collected data on unemployment do not have a normal distribution. In addition, tests have shown that GDP per capita data are normally distributed. It has been established that there is an inverse relationship between unemployment and GDP per capita. In addition, a regression equation was created representing a linear relationship between them, and based on these results, conclusions and proposals were developed.
Características de las gestantes con infección del tracto urinario que acuden al servicio de gineco-obstetricia del “centro de salud materno infantil Dr. Enrique Martin Altuna” agosto-diciembre2019
Authors:   , Reyes Amancio Paula Yurassi
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: Determinar las características de las gestantes con infección del tracto urinario que acuden al servicio de ginecoobstetricia del “Centro de salud materno infantil Dr. Enrique Martin Altuna” Agosto-Diciembre 2019 Material y método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo. Se utilizó 226 de gestantes con infección urinaria. La información se recolecto por la ficha de recolección de datos de las historias clínicas de los pacientes atendidos en los meses de agosto a diciembre 2019 en el Centro de Salud Materno Infantil Dr. Enrique Martin Altuna” Resultado: El 31%de la gestantes tienen edades de 15 a 20 años, con un grado de instrucción secundaria del 51.8%, siendo el 46.9% de las gestantes solteras, con una ocupación de ama de casa del 54.9%; por otro lado el 53.5% tuvieron de 1 a 3 parejas sexuales, siendo ellas primíparas en un 70.8% que tuvieron más de 6 controles prenatales, se presentó el 45.5% entre la 14 a 27 semanas de gestación, siendo el 72.6% Escherichia Coli el agente etiológico más frecuente causando como manifestación clínica el 47.3% dolor o molestia pélvico llegando a presentar el 23.9% de las gestantes amenaza de aborto como una complicación. Conclusión: La infección urinaria en las gestantes es más frecuente de 15 a 20 años de edad con grado de instrucción secundaria siendo de estado civil soltera teniendo ocupación ama de casa. Se encontró que el agente etiológico más frecuente fue el Escherichia Coli presentando dolor o molestia pélvica en las gestantes y como complicación amenaza de aborto.
Clima organizacional y desempeño laboral del personal administrativo de recursos humanos en la oficina nacional de procesos electorales, 2021
Authors:   , Atalaya Bautista Will Henrry , Rivas Soto Marlene
Published: July 2023

El objetivo general de la presente investigación busca “Determinar la relación que existe entre el clima organizacional y el desempeño laboral del personal administrativo de Recursos Humanos en la Oficina Nacional de Procesos Electorales, 2021”, razón por la cual responde al siguiente problema general: ¿Qué relación existe entre el clima organizacional y el desempeño laboral del personal administrativo de Recursos Humanos en la Oficina Nacional de Procesos Electorales, 2021?, buscando con nuestra hipótesis si “Existe relación directa y significativa entre el clima organizacional y el desempeño laboral del personal administrativo de Recursos Humanos de la Oficina Nacional de Procesos Electorales, 2021”. Para obtener mayor información, se empleó procedimientos propios de las investigaciones con enfoque cualitativa, de tipo básica o pura, de nivel descriptiva correlacional, según la secuencia del estudio es de corte transversal debido a que los datos fueron obtenidos en un solo tiempo o llamado también tiempo único, el diseño de estudio fue no experimental. La técnica de recolección de datos utilizada fue la encuesta, el instrumento que se aplicó fue un cuestionario que permitió recoger la percepción de una población de 35 trabajadores escogidos de manera aleatoria, y que laboran en la Gerencia de Recursos Humanos, el análisis fue realizado mediante la escala de Likert, el cual contó con 20 preguntas cerradas.
Non-human Intervention Robot in Biomedical Waste Management
Authors: Grace Chapala Sara , . Grace , Sreeja M , Deepika M
Published: July 2023

Medical waste is one of the growing concerns worldwide, hidden in wolf’s clothing. A wide range of medical waste is being produced daily, which should be distinguished in its disposal and treatment. Collection, segregation and treatment of these wastes is quite problematic as it may spread diseases to the workers and cause harm. Biomedical waste management using autoclave incinerators, their establishment and maintenance is highly economical. We hereby come up with the idea of employing a robot under human control to collect, segregate and treat medical wastes
A Highly Efficient pH‐Universal HOR Catalyst with Engineered Electronic Structures of Single Pt Sites by Isolated Co Atoms
Authors: Huang Zeyi , Lu Ruihu , Zhang Yuezhou , Chen Wen , Chen Guanzhen , Ma Chao , Wang Ziyun , Han Yunhu , Huang Wei
Published: July 2023

Developing a high‐efficiency, stable, and CO‐toxicant‐resistant low‐cost hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) electrocatalyst is challenging but is vital for practical proton/anion exchange membrane fuel cells. Herein, an efficient pH‐universal HOR catalyst Pt1@Co1CN is fabricated, in which the electronic structure of single Pt sites is modulated by isolated Co atoms pre‐anchored on nitrogen‐doped carbon. Pt1@Co1CN exhibits superior HOR activity and durability under pH‐universal media than Pt1@CN (anchored single Pt atoms on nitrogen‐doped carbon) and commercial PtRu/C and Pt/C. More importantly, Pt1@Co1CN possesses much better CO anti‐poisoning ability than Pt1@CN and commercial PtRu/C and Pt/C. It is speculated that the superior pH‐universal HOR performance can be attributed to the inter‐regulation of adjacent Co and Pt sites, leading to the downshift of anti‐bonding state and consequently strengthening the *H adsorption, which promotes the kinetics of HOR.
Structure, thermal, hydrophobic, and dielectric properties of Bermuda grass ash bio‐silica, SBA‐15, and rGO‐reinforced bisphenol‐BA‐based polybenzoxazine composites
Authors: Srinivasan Harinei , Krishnan Jeyameena , Arumugam Hariharan , Muthukaruppan Alagar
Published: July 2023

The present work deals with the development of bisphenol‐BA based benzoxazines and to study their behavior toward utilization for thermal, high‐dielectric, low‐dielectric, and anti‐corrosion applications. A new type of bifunctional benzoxazine resins were synthesized using bisphenol‐BA with different types of amines and characterized using FTIR, 1H‐NMR spectra, DSC, and TGA techniques. In the present study, thermally stable bisphenol‐BA with trifluoromethylaniline benzoxazine (BBA‐tfma) and bisphenol‐BA with furfurylamine benzoxazine (BBA–ffa) were selected as matrices for the preparation of composites with SBA‐15, bio‐silica (from Bermuda grass) and reduced graphene oxide. The results indicated that the poly(BBA‐tfma) with 5 wt% SBA‐15 composites and poly(BBA‐ffa) with 10 wt% bio‐silica composites showed the lowest dielectric constant value of 1.71 and 1.87, respectively. While in contrast, the 5 wt% of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) reinforced poly(BBA‐tfma) exhibits highest value of dielectric constant (k = 8.49). Results from corrosion studies ascertain that the bisphenol‐BA with aminoethoxyethanol benzoxazine, that is, poly(BBA‐aee) possess better mild steel corrosion protection behavior than that of other benzoxazines. Data resulting from different studies indicate that the bisphenol‐BA‐based benzoxazines and their composites can be effectively used for different industrial applications.
Consumer minimalism for sustainability: Exploring the determinants of rental consumption intention
Authors: Shukla Yupal , Mishra Sita , Chatterjee Ravi , Arora Vibha
Published: July 2023

The burgeoning growth of a sharing economy model in the form of a rental business has created a keen interest in understanding various underlying factors that go on to impact consumer behavior. This article aims to understand the antecedents of “rental consumption,” and also examines the concepts of consumer familiarity and minimalism, perceived reputation, ascription responsibility, and perceived consumer effectiveness with the moderating role of consumer skepticism. We empirically tested our proposed framework and examined the mediating role of consumer minimalism vis‐à‐vis its impact on rental consumption behavior. We analyzed data (N = 365) with structural equation modeling AMOS 25 and Process Macro. The findings presumably would enhance the literature on the “sharing economy” by integrating the VBN theory, consumer minimalism, and rental consumption intention. We conclude with theoretical contributions and forward‐looking research directions that emphasize the shift in consumer behavior with minimalistic value, and its implications for organizations operating in a sharing economy.
Spatiotemporal dynamics of rainfall interception and effective precipitation in the Loess Plateau after large‐scale afforestation
Authors: Li Yiran , Liang Yushi , Wei Tianxing , Chen Peng , Ji Xiaodong , Liu Xiaohua
Published: July 2023

The Grain for Green Program (GFGP) has promoted vegetation restoration and environmental improvement in the Loess Plateau (LP) and has sparked considerable interest in its effects on local hydrological cycle processes. However, few studies have examined the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of rainfall interception (RI) and its influencing factors in the LP after GFGP implementation, even though RI directly controls the potential available water resources entering the ecosystem (Peffective) and largely influences the changes in hydrological fluxes in water‐limited regions. This study employed the remote sensing (RS)‐Gash model to investigate RI and Peffective in the LP. Results showed that RI and Peffective increased at a rate of 0.7 (p < 0.01) and 2.5 mm/year (p = 0.12), respectively, during the complete implementation of the GFGP (2001–2018). Spatially, the two were dominated by significantly increasing (area share, 50.3%) and nonsignificantly increasing (74.2%) trends, respectively. The dominant drivers of the changes in RI and Peffective are vegetation factors and precipitation, respectively. The results imply that after the implementation of the GFGP, water scarcity in most areas of the LP seems to show signs of improvement, rather than worsening at source. However, people should remain alert about issues that can occur in semihumid areas, including vegetation's degradation due to excessive afforestation or single‐species plantations, particularly at the Ziwuling Mountains. The successful greening experience of the GFGP in the LP is worth promoting, but lessons should also be learned regarding its unsustainability in areas with relatively abundant water.
Design of gorilla troops optimizer‐tuned 2DOF‐PID controller to improve the frequency response of centralized‐control technical virtual power plant
Authors: Abishek R , Dulal Chandra Das
Published: July 2023

This work presents an enhanced frequency control model of a centralized‐control technical virtual power plant (TVPP) with distributed energy resources (DERs). To provide frequency control support, a centralized TVPP is exposed to communication delays because of the numerous message exchanges between the grid operator, the VPP operator, and the DERs. The VPP operator also imposes dead band restrictions on the droop control signal to avoid frequent activation of sensitive DERs. The literature lacks the frequency control models of VPP that can handle these delay and dead‐band issues. This work attempts to incorporate frequency dead‐band and communication delays in the primary (droop control) and secondary control (ACE control) loop for the DERs in the VPP. In addition, a control approach based on 2DOF‐PID controllers tuned by a recently developed artificial gorilla troops optimizer (GTO) is employed to control the frequency of the VPP model. The GTO algorithm performs better on comparative assessment than the other classical optimization algorithms. Under dynamic performance evaluation, the 2DOF‐PID controller outperforms the GTO‐optimized PID and PI controllers. Finally, the sensitivity analysis results show that the proposed GTO‐optimized 2DOF‐PID controller for the VPP model is robust against uncertainties in the system.
Nanohybrid of h‐BN nanosheets supporting CeO2 enhanced epoxy composite coatings with excellent self‐lubricating performance
Authors: Yang Bi , Chen Beibei , Dong Wenquan , Tong Yang , Li Jiaye
Published: July 2023

Polymer self‐lubricating composite coatings have been widely used on the surface of machinery to extend the life of the moving systems/parts by controlling friction and wear. In this work, epoxy nanocomposite coating with the thickness of about 60 μm was fabricated with addition of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs)/CeO2 nanohybrid for enhancement in antifriction and wear resistance. The active BNNSs were first obtained by exfoliating h‐BN with alkaline solution, and then the rare earth oxide of CeO2 nanoparticles were immobilized on the surface of BNNSs through hydrothermal method. The microstructure morphology and chemical composition of as‐proposed BNNSs/CeO2 were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, HRTEM, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, RS, X‐ray diffraction, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. And the tribological behaviors of epoxy nanocomposite coatings containing BNNSs, CeO2, and BNNSs/CeO2 were investigated comparatively using ball‐on disc friction tester (MPX‐3). And the 440C stainless‐steel ball with diameter of 8 mm was used as the counterface material. Tribological tests showed that epoxy‐BNNSs/CeO2 had the best friction and wear reduction properties, and the lowest coefficient of friction and wear rate of epoxy‐based composite coating were achieved when the content of BNNSs/CeO2 was 0.5 wt%, with 84.9% and 96.3% reduction, respectively. Moreover, the effect of sliding conditions on the tribological performance of epoxy‐BNNSs/CeO2 was investigated. The corresponding enhancing mechanisms of BNNSs/CeO2 were discussed as well.
Warming of the lower Columbia River, 1853 to 2018
Authors: Scott Malia H. , Talke Stefan A. , Jay David A. , Diefenderfer Heida L.
Published: July 2023

Water temperature is a critical ecological indicator; however, few studies have statistically modeled century‐scale trends in riverine or estuarine water temperature, or their cause. Here, we recover, digitize, and analyze archival temperature measurements from the 1850s onward to investigate how and why water temperatures in the lower Columbia River are changing. To infill data gaps and explore changes, we develop regression models of daily historical Columbia River water temperature using time‐lagged river flow and air temperature as the independent variables. Models were developed for three time periods (mid‐19th, mid‐20th, and early 21st century), using archival and modern measurements (1854–1876; 1938–present). Daily and monthly averaged root‐mean‐square errors overall are 0.89°C and 0.77°C, respectively for the 1938–2018 period. Results suggest that annual averaged water temperature increased by 2.2°C ± 0.2°C since the 1850s, a rate of 1.3°C ± 0.1°C/century. Increased water temperatures are seasonally dependent. An increase of approximately 2.0°C ± 0.2°C/century occurs in the July–Dec time‐frame, while springtime trends are statistically insignificant. Rising temperatures change the probability of exceeding ecologically important thresholds; since the 1850s, the number of days with water temperatures over 20°C increased from ~5 to 60 per year, while the number below 2°C decreased from ~10 to 0 days/per year. Overall, the modern system is warmer, but exhibits less temperature variability. The reservoir system reduces sensitivity to short‐term atmospheric forcing. Statistical experiments within our modeling framework suggest that increased water temperature is driven by warming air temperatures (~29%), altered river flow (~14%), and water resources management (~57%).
A decade of research in fog computing: Relevance, challenges, and future directions
Authors: Srirama Satish Narayana
Published: July 2023

Recent developments in the Internet of Things (IoT) and real‐time applications, have led to the unprecedented growth in the connected devices and their generated data. Traditionally, this sensor data is transferred and processed at the cloud, and the control signals are sent back to the relevant actuators, as part of the IoT applications. This cloud‐centric IoT model, resulted in increased latencies and network load, and compromised privacy. To address these problems, Fog Computing was coined by Cisco in 2012, a decade ago, which utilizes proximal computational resources for processing the sensor data. Ever since its proposal, fog computing has attracted significant attention and the research fraternity focused at addressing different challenges such as fog frameworks, simulators, resource management, placement strategies, quality of service aspects, fog economics and so forth. However, after a decade of research, we still do not see large‐scale deployments of public/private fog networks, which can be utilized in realizing interesting IoT applications. In the literature, we only see pilot case studies and small‐scale testbeds, and utilization of simulators for demonstrating scale of the specified models addressing the respective technical challenges. There are several reasons for this, and most importantly, fog computing did not present a clear business case for the companies and participating individuals yet. This article summarizes the technical, non‐functional, and economic challenges, which have been posing hurdles in adopting fog computing, by consolidating them across different clusters. The article also summarizes the relevant academic and industrial contributions in addressing these challenges and provides future research directions in realizing real‐time fog computing applications, also considering the emerging trends such as federated learning and quantum computing.