bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defining the impact of adjuvant treatment on the prognosis of patients with inoperable glioblastoma undergoing biopsy only: does the survival benefit outweigh the treatment effort?
Authors: Löber-Handwerker Ronja , Döring Katja , Bock Christoph , Rohde Veit , Malinova Vesna
Published: February 2022

Patients with inoperable glioblastoma (GBM) usually experience worse prognosis compared to those in whom gross total resection (GTR) is achievable. Considering the treatment duration and its side effects identification of patients with survival benefit from treatment is essential to guarantee the best achievable quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival benefit from radio-chemotherapy and to identify clinical, molecular, and imaging parameters associated with better outcome in patients with biopsied GBMs. Consecutive patients with inoperable GBM who underwent tumor biopsy at our department from 2005 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients had histologically confirmed GBM and were followed up until death. The overall survival (OS) was calculated from date of diagnosis to date of death. Clinical, radiological, and molecular predictors of OS were evaluated. A total of 95 patients with biopsied primary GBM were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 64.3 ± 13.2 years; 56.8% (54/95) were male, and 43.2% (41/95) female. Median OS in the entire cohort was 5.5 months. After stratification for adjuvant treatment, a higher median OS was found in the group with adjuvant treatment (7 months, range 2–88) compared to the group without treatment (1 month, range 1–5) log-rank test, p < 0.0001. Patients with inoperable GBM undergoing biopsy indeed experience a very limited OS. Adjuvant treatment is associated with significantly longer OS compared to patients not receiving treatment and should be considered, especially in younger patients with good clinical condition at presentation.
Der Wandel der Anerkennung von Fehl- und Totgeburt als Geburt eines Kindes
Authors: Böcker Julia
Published: February 2022

Das Aufkommen der Alternativbezeichnungen „Kleine Geburt“ und „Stille Geburt“ ist Ausdruck eines Wandels im Umgang mit Fehlgeburt und Totgeburt. Anstoß des Wandels war zivilgesellschaftliches Engagement Betroffener in den 1980er-Jahren, die sich gegen Entrechtungen in den Kliniken und für soziale Sichtbarkeit und Anerkennung des Verlusts einsetzten. Im Beitrag wird argumentiert, dass Fehl- und Totgeburt in Gesellschaft und Geburtshilfe zunehmend als Geburt (und Verlust) eines Kindes behandelt und Betroffene damit als Eltern anerkannt werden. Empirische Grundlage ist ein Datenkorpus aus narrativen Interviews und natürlichen Daten, die sequenzanalytisch und theoriegenerierend ausgewertet wurden. Der mehrdimensionale Wandel wird anhand von Veränderungen im deutschen Recht, in sozialen Medien und in der Geburtshilfe plausibilisiert. Erstens werden Betroffene durch Änderungen des Personenstandsgesetzes für Fehlgeborene symbolisch als Eltern anerkannt. Zweitens entwickelte sich in Online-Foren ein kollektives Selbstverständnis von „Sternenelternschaft“, das diskursive und institutionelle Veränderungen außerhalb des Internets bewirkte. Daneben legitimieren und normalisieren individuelle Selbstzeugnisse in den sozialen Medien, über Fehl- und Stillgeburt zu sprechen und diese zu zeigen. Drittens werden die professionellen Praktiken der Personalisierung von Stillgeborenen in der Geburtshilfe diskutiert, die nach Totgeburten inzwischen umfänglich, nach Fehlgeburten teilweise, etabliert sind.
Perceptions of Scientific Authorship Revisited: Country Differences and the Impact of Perceived Publication Pressure
Authors: Johann David
Published: February 2022

Relying on data collected by the Zurich Survey of Academics (ZSoA), a unique representative online survey among academics in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland (DACH region), this paper replicates Johann and Mayer's (Minerva 57(2):175–196, 2019) analysis of researchers' perceptions of scientific authorship and expands their scope. The primary goals of the study at hand are to learn more about (a) country differences in perceptions of scientific authorship, as well as (b) the influence of perceived publication pressure on authorship perceptions. The results indicate that academics in Switzerland interpret scientific authorship more leniently than their colleagues in Germany and Austria. The findings further indicate that, as perceived pressure to publish increases, researchers are more likely to belong to a group of academics who hold the view that any type of contribution/task justifies co-authorship, including even those contributions/tasks that do not justify co-authorship according to most authorship guidelines. In summary, the present study suggests that action is required to harmonize regulations for scientific authorship and to improve the research culture.
De Quervain’s tenosynovitis: a non-randomized two-armed study comparing ultrasound-guided steroid injection with surgical release
Authors: Bhat A. K. , Vyas R. , Acharya A. M. , Rajagopal K. V.
Published: February 2022

Purpose

Ultrasonography is currently used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in de Quervain’s tenosynovitis. There is a dearth of information on how effective an ultrasound-guided (USG) steroid injection is when compared to surgical release of the first extensor compartment. Hence, we performed a non-randomized two-armed comparison study to test our hypothesis that USG guided steroid injection is equally effective as surgery.

Method

62 consecutive patients participated in the study with 32 of them selecting the option of USG guided injection (Set A), and the rest undergoing surgical release (Set B). We reviewed them after 3 and 6 weeks and 6 months for functional outcome using DASH, PRWE and VAS scores, recurrence, or any complications. They were further followed if they were symptomatic.

Results

The DASH/PRWE/VAS scores improved at the end of 6 months from 81.7/79.3/6.8 to 1.0/1.7/1.0, respectively for patients undergoing USG guided steroid injection. Similarly, for the patient undergoing surgery, the scores improved from 82.2/81.5/6.7 to 1.7/3.4/1.0, respectively. This was statistically significant in both the groups (p < 0.05) and was comparable to each other. Two patients in Set A came back with recurrence at eight and 10 months and two reported occasional pain on heavy work. Three patients had tenderness and two had numbness in Set B at the scar site.

Conclusion

We observed that USG guided steroid injections are comparable to surgical release in terms of pain relief, functional outcome, complications.
Changes in Character Virtues are Driven by Classroom Relationships: A Longitudinal Study of Elementary School Children
Authors: Thomas Kendra J. , da Cunha Josafá , Santo Jonathan B.
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to understand the role of school relationships in shaping students’ character development in middle childhood. Students and teachers completed surveys on student–teacher relationships, peer relationships, social-emotional learning (SEL), parent-teacher communication, and character strengths of fairness, hope, bravery, teamwork, self-regulation, social responsibility, and prosocial leadership. Participants were 1881 Brazilian children in fourth or fifth grade across 288 classrooms and 60 schools. Data were analyzed using a multi-level model framework. Higher student–student relationships were associated with higher starting scores of character strengths paired with a stronger increase among classes whose relationships improved over time. Higher quality student–teacher relationships were associated with a larger increase in character strengths among boys. Teachers’ usage of SEL strategies, student–teacher relationships and student peer relationships were important predictors of both classroom baselines and the change in character strengths across time. Most of the existing literature on character strengths is based on older adolescent samples from affluent countries and with little Latin American representation. This study supports existing literature on the relevancy of character strengths in the educational context, but adds the importance of seeing it as a contextual and relational outcome.
Paradoxes of Hymenoptera flight muscles, extreme machines
Authors: Hickey Tony , Devaux Jules , Rajagopal Vijay , Power Amelia , Crossman David
Published: February 2022

In the Carboniferous, insects evolved flight. Intense selection drove for high performance and approximately 100 million years later, Hymenoptera (bees, wasps and ants) emerged. Some species had proportionately small wings, with apparently impossible aerodynamic challenges including a need for high frequency flight muscles (FMs), powered exclusively off aerobic pathways and resulting in extreme aerobic capacities. Modern insect FMs are the most refined and form large dense blocks that occupy 90% of the thorax. These can beat wings at 200 to 230 Hz, more than double that achieved by standard neuromuscular systems. To do so, rapid repolarisation was circumvented through evolution of asynchronous stimulation, stretch activation, elastic recoil and a paradoxically slow Ca2+ reuptake. While the latter conserves ATP, considerable ATP is demanded at the myofibrils. FMs have diminished sarcoplasmic volumes, and ATP is produced solely by mitochondria, which pack myocytes to maximal limits and have very dense cristae. Gaseous oxygen is supplied directly to mitochondria. While FMs appear to be optimised for function, several unusual paradoxes remain. FMs lack any significant equivalent to the creatine kinase shuttle, and myofibrils are twice as wide as those of within cardiomyocytes. The mitochondrial electron transport systems also release large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and respiratory complexes do not appear to be present at any exceptional level. Given that the loss of the creatine kinase shuttle and elevated ROS impairs heart function, we question how do FM shuttle adenylates at high rates and tolerate oxidative stress conditions that occur in diseased hearts?
Chronic wounds in Sierra Leone: pathogen spectrum and antimicrobial susceptibility
Authors: Schaumburg Frieder , Vas Nunes Jonathan , Mönnink Giulia , Falama Abdul-Mac , Bangura James , Mathéron Hanna , Conteh Amara , Sesay Maxwell , Sesay Aminata , Grobusch Martin P.
Published: February 2022

Purpose

Chronic wounds are frequently caused by, or super-infected with, a broad spectrum of bacteria. To guide treatment, healthcare providers need to know the bacterial spectrum and antimicrobial resistance rates to be anticipated. As these data are largely missing for Sierra Leone, we performed a microbiological study on chronic wound infections.

Methods

Wound swabs were analysed for bacteria using culture-based methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done with Vitek2® automated system and EUCAST clinical breakpoints. Selected resistance phenotypes were confirmed by molecular methods (e.g. mecA/C) and genotyping.

Results

Of 163 included patients, 156 (95.7%) had a positive wound culture. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 75), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 42), Proteus mirabilis (n = 31), Staphylococcus aureus-related complex (n = 31) were predominant. Among Gram-negative rods, resistance rates were high for piperacillin/tazobactam (3–67%), cefotaxime (19–71%), and ciprofloxacin (13–60%). Among isolates of the S. aureus-related complex, 55% were methicillin resistant (CC8, PVL-negative).

Conclusion

The high antimicrobial resistance rates in bacteria from chronic wounds strongly speaks against the use of empirical systemic antibiotic therapy if patients do not show signs of systemic infections, and supports the strategy of local wound care.
Stability analysis based parameter tuning of Social Group Optimization
Authors: Jena Junali Jasmine , Dash Samarendra Chandan Bindu , Satapathy Suresh Chandra
Published: February 2022

Swarm-based optimization algorithms have been popularly used these days for optimization of various real world problems but sometimes it becomes hard to estimate the associated characteristics due to their stochastic nature. To ensure a steady performance of these techniques, it is essential to have knowledge about the range of variables, in which a particular algorithm always provides stable performance and performing stability analysis of an algorithm can help in providing some knowledge regarding the same. Many researchers have performed the stability analysis of several optimization algorithms and analyzed their behavior. Social Group Optimization (SGO) is a newly developed algorithm which has been proven to yield promising results when applied to many real world problems but in literature no work can be found on stability analysis of SGO. In this paper, Von Neumann stability analysis approach has been used for performing stability analysis of Social Group Optimization (SGO) to analyze the behavior of its algorithmic parameters and estimate the range in which they always give stable convergence. The results obtained have been supported by sufficient experimental analysis and simulated using eight benchmark function suite along with their shifted and rotated variations which prove that the algorithm performs better within the stable range and hence convergence is ensured.
Experimental and numerical evaluation on debonding of fully grouted rockbolt under pull-out loading
Authors: Yu Shuisheng , Zhu Wancheng , Niu Leilei
Published: February 2022

The axial loading in rockbolts changes due to stress redistribution and rheology in the country rock mass. Such a change may lead to debonding at rockbolt to grout interface or rupture of the rockbolt. In this study, based on laboratory experiments, ultrasonic guided wave propagation in fully grouted rockbolt under different pull-out loads was investigated in order to examine the resultant debonding of rockbolt. The signals obtained from the ultrasonic monitoring during the pull-out test were processed using wavelet multi-scale analysis and frequency spectrum analysis, the signal amplitude and the amplitude ratio (Q) of low frequency to high frequency were defined to quantify the debonding of rockbolt. In addition to the laboratory test, numerical simulation on the effect of the embedment lengths on ultrasonic guided wave propagation in rockbolt was conducted by using a damage-based model, and the debonding between rockbolt and cement mortar was numerically examined. It was confirmed that the ultrasonic guided wave propagation in rockbolt was very sensitive to the debonding because of pull-out load, therefore, the critical bond length could be calculated based on the propagation of guided wave in the grouted rockbolt. In time domain, the signal amplitude in rockbolt increased with pull-out load from 0 to 100 kN until the completely debonding, thus quantifying the debonding under the different pull-out loads. In the frequency domain, as the Q value increased, the debonding length of rockbolt decreased exponentially. The numerical results confirmed that the guided wave propagation in the fully grouted rockbolt was effective in detecting and quantifying the debonding of rockbolt under pull-out load.
A Better Zn-Ion Storage Device: Recent Progress for Zn-Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors
Authors: Jin Jialun , Geng Xiangshun , Chen Qiang , Ren Tian-Ling
Published: February 2022

As a new generation of Zn-ion storage systems, Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs) garner tremendous interests recently from researchers due to the perfect integration of batteries and supercapacitors. ZHSCs have excellent integration of high energy density and power density, which seamlessly bridges the gap between batteries and supercapacitors, becoming one of the most viable future options for large-scale equipment and portable electronic devices. However, the currently reported two configurations of ZHSCs and corresponding energy storage mechanisms still lack systematic analyses. Herein, this review will be prudently organized from the perspectives of design strategies, electrode configurations, energy storage mechanisms, recent advances in electrode materials, electrolyte behaviors and further applications (micro or flexible devices) of ZHSCs. The synthesis processes and electrochemical properties of well-designed Zn anodes, capacitor-type electrodes and novel Zn-ion battery-type cathodes are comprehensively discussed. Finally, a brief summary and outlook for the further development of ZHSCs are presented as well. This review will provide timely access for researchers to the recent works regarding ZHSCs.
Multifunctional Integrated Transparent Film for Efficient Electromagnetic Protection
Authors: Wang Gehuan , Zhao Yue , Yang Feng , Zhang Yi , Zhou Ming , Ji Guangbin
Published: February 2022

Silver nanowire (Ag NW) has been considered as the promising building block for the fabrication of transparent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding films. However, the practical application of Ag NW-based EMI shielding films has been restricted due to the unsatisfactory stability of Ag NW. Herein, we proposed a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) decorated Ag NW film, which realizes a seamless integration of optical transparency, highly efficient EMI shielding, reliable durability and stability. The Ag NW constructs a highly transparent and conductive network, and the rGO provides additional conductive path, showing a superior EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 33.62 dB at transmittance of 81.9%. In addition, the top rGO layer enables the hybrid film with reliable durability and chemical stability, which can maintain 96% and 90% EMI SE after 1000 times bending cycles at radius of 2 mm and exposure in air for 80 days. Furthermore, the rGO/Ag NW films also possess fast thermal response and heating stability, making them highly applicable in wearable devices. The synergy of Ag NW and rGO grants the hybrid EMI shielding film multiple desired functions and meanwhile overcomes the shortcomings of Ag NW. This work provides a reference for preparing multifunctional integrated transparent EMI shielding film.
From isoparametric submanifolds to polar foliations
Authors: Thorbergsson Gudlaugur
Published: February 2022

We will show how isoparametric submanifolds and polar actions on round spheres lead to polar foliations and polar actions on compact symmetric spaces and compact Riemannian manifolds with positive curvature. Our emphasis will be on the classification of these submanifolds and actions.
Chemical Recycling of Plastic Waste: Comparative Evaluation of Environmental and Economic Performances of Gasification- and Incineration-based Treatment for Lightweight Packaging Waste
Authors: Voss Raoul , Lee Roh Pin , Fröhling Magnus
Published: February 2022

Chemical recycling (CR) – in enabling the use of plastic waste back as secondary carbon feedstock for production – could play a complementary role to mechanical recycling in supporting the transformation from a linear to a circular carbon economy. To date, research has predominantly focused on assessing technological aspects associated with CR of pure plastic waste streams. Little is known about its potential for treating low-quality and mixed plastic waste fractions which are unsuitable for conventional recycling and are currently incinerated. To address this gap, this investigation utilizes an integrated approach comprising of life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis to evaluate the environmental and economic performance of CR of lightweight packaging waste via waste gasification compared to direct and indirect incineration in Germany. Results show that CR can contribute significantly – irrespective of the energy mix – to reducing climate change, terrestrial acidification, and fossil resource scarcity. In terms of economic performance, findings suggest that while CR requires higher capital investment, a multi-pronged approach which encompasses upscaling, waiver of carbon dioxide certificate costs, and price premium for CR products could increase profitability of CR to incineration. This study provides empirical support for the potential contribution of CR to complement existing strategies to combat the plastic waste challenge, and insights into market conditions which could promote its economic attractiveness. Additionally, it provides comprehensive inventory data for conventional and alternative waste treatment plants for lightweight packaging waste to inform future research on systemic assessment of CR technologies and their contributions to a circular economy.
Clinical outcomes of sildenafil application in patients of poor endometrial development
Authors: Guo Meiling , Yan Yuchen , Lv Jianan , Xin Hua , Zhou Wei , Yu Na , Xia Mingdi , Li Jing , Zhang Qian , Yan Junhao
Published: February 2022

Objective

To determine whether sildenafil has an effect on pregnancy outcomes in patients with poor endometrial development.

Methods

This study included 472 infertility patients who underwentin vitrofertilization/intracytoplasmatic sperm injection and frozen-thawed embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-FET) and subsequently suffered from poor endometrial development during hormone replacement cycle (HRC) from April 2017 to July 2019. The patients were divided into two groups: the sildenafil group (n ​= ​88) and the control group (n ​= ​384). We analyzed endometrial thicknesses and types on endometrial transformation day, as well as pregnancy outcomes after FET (biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, early abortion, late abortion, and live birth rates) between the two groups.

Results

After adjusting for confounding factors, we found no significant differences in endometrial thicknesses and types on endometrial transformation day between the sildenafil group and the control group (0.79 ​± ​0.08 vs 0.81 ​± ​0.09,P ​= ​0.144; 79.76% vs83.87%,P ​= ​0.402). There were also no statistically significant differences in biochemical pregnancy rate (75.0% vs 76.8%,P ​= ​0.892), clinical pregnancy rate (59.09% vs 69.53%,P ​= ​0.087), early abortion rate (17.31% vs 14.61%,P ​= ​0.557), late abortion rate (3.85% vs 4.49%,P ​= ​0.859), or live birth rate (45.45% vs 55.47%,P ​= ​0.101) between the two groups. In subgroup analysis, the application of sildenafil was unable to improve endometrial thickness (group one: 0.80 ​± ​0.08 ​cm vs 0.82 ​± ​0.08 ​cm; group two:0.78 ​± ​0.08 ​cm vs 0.80 ​± ​0.10 ​cm; group three:0.75 ​± ​0.11 ​cm vs 0.77 ​± ​0.08 ​cm,p ​> ​0.05) and type endometrium on transformation day (group one: 78.57% vs 86.78%; group two: 80.65% vs 77.78%; group three: 81.82% vs 83.78%,p ​> ​0.05). Moreover, sildenafil use was not closely associated with clinical pregnancy outcomes, clinical pregnancy rate, early abortion rate, late abortion rate, and live birth rate (p ​> ​0.05).

Conclusions

Sildenafil did not benefit endometrial development and pregnancy outcomes in patients with poor endometrial development during the hormone replacement cycle.
Grafting Area Reduction in Peyronie’s Disease Surgery: Comparative Assessment Between Double Y Vs iGrafter APP Using 3D-Printed Penile Models
Authors: Tourchi Ali , Nascimento Bruno , de Freitas Miranda Alexandre , Miranda Eduardo , Bessa José , Nahas William C. , Filho Rogério Sayão , Srougi Miguel , Machado Bruno
Published: February 2022

Background

The use of plaque incision and graft techniques (PIG) for the treatment of severe Peyronie’s disease (PD), may lead to erectile dysfunction (ED); graft size is 1 of the contributing factors for post-PIG ED. Recently the iGrafter software APP was introduced using a mathematical algorithm to distribute the incisions along the penile length resulting in a smaller grafting area.

Aim

Compare 2 PIG techniques, the Double-Y(DY) and iGrafter, in 3 main aspects: (i) Total grafting area; (ii) The variation in calculating the grafting to be used; (iii) time to perform the PIG.

Methods

Six urologists with expertise in sexual medicine performed both techniques twice using four 3-D validated training models for PD with a standard 60° uniplanar dorsal curvature.

Outcomes

The graft areas and operative partial and total time for each step of the operation were recorded for each procedure. Unpaired t-test and the coefficient of variation for graft area across surgeons was calculated comparing both techniques.

Results

For all surgeons, the use of iGrafter resulted in 2 grafts, for the DY technique in 1 graft. Overall, TT for the iGrafter was significantly longer than for DY technique (49.4 ± 11 vs 40.7 ± 5.7 minute; P = .02), The iGrafter grafting area was significantly smaller (11.6 ± 1.2 vs 23.3 ± 5.4 cm2; P: .01), representing a 50.2% area reduction when compared to the DY. The variation of graft area, using the iGrafter also yielded a more consistent graft across all surgeons (CV = 10.56% vs 23.28%).

Clinical Significance

The iGrafter, when compared to DY technique, reduced the graft area by 50%, which potentially means less erectile dysfunction.

Strengths and Limitations

Our study eliminates anatomical variations found in a real clinical case making it possible to compare surgical techniques with the same penile anatomy. However, the 3D-printed model cannot replicate the living human tissue property preventing a simulation close to actual surgery.

Conclusion

The use of the iGrafter software for PIG surgery has shown to be a promising technique for severe PD management resulting in smaller graft size (about 50% smaller when compared to the DY), although it might be more time-consuming.
Enhanced resting-state EEG source functional connectivity within the default mode and reward-salience networks in internet gaming disorder
Authors: Lee Ji-Yoon , Choi Chi-Hyun , Park Minkyung , Park Sunyoung , Choi Jung-Seok
Published: February 2022

Background

The two key mechanisms affected by internet gaming disorder (IGD) are cognitive and reward processing. Despite their significance, little is known about neurophysiological features as determined using resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) source functional connectivity (FC).

Methods

We compared resting-state EEG source FC within the default mode network (DMN) and reward/salience network (RSN) between patients with IGD and healthy controls (HCs) to identify neurophysiological markers associated with cognitive and reward processing. A total of 158 young male adults (79 patients with IGD and 79 HCs) were included, and the source FC of the DMN and RSN in five spectral bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma) were assessed.

Results

Patients with IGD showed increased theta, alpha, and beta connectivity within the DMN between the orbitofrontal cortex and parietal regions compared with HCs. In terms of RSN, patients with IGD exhibited elevated alpha and beta connectivity between the anterior cingulate gyrus and temporal regions compared with HCs. Furthermore, patients with IGD showed negative correlations between the severity of IGD symptoms and/or weekly gaming time and theta and alpha connectivity within the DMN and theta, alpha, and beta connectivity within the RSN. However, the duration of IGD was not associated with EEG source FC.

Conclusions

Hyper-connectivities within the DMN and RSN may be considered potential state markers associated with symptom severity and gaming time in IGD.
JEAN DES MURS AND THE RETURN TO BOETHIUS ON MUSIC
Authors: Crossley John N. , Mews Constant J. , Williams Carol J.
Published: February 2022

The Musica speculativa of Jean des Murs played a key role in renewing interest in the teaching of Boethius in the fourteenth century. We argue that this treatise is much more than a summary of the Boethian De institutione musica in presenting its core teachings as fully consistent within an Aristotelian theory of knowledge. Two versions of its prologue (1323 and 1325 respectively) are examined together with their relationship to Jean’s Notitia artis musicae (1321) and the innovative significance of its mathematical-style presentation of the teaching of Boethius about proportions with its appeal to clear diagrams. We aim to guide the modern reader through the thought patterns and diagrams of Jean des Murs, demonstrating why the Musica speculativa was so widely studied in the later Middle Ages. The two different prologues are presented in English translation for the first time.
THE ROMAN MOTET (1550–1600): A COLLECTIVE ISSUE? NEW ATTRIBUTIONS AND REFLECTIONS ON AUTHORSHIP IN THE LIGHT OF A NEW DOCUMENT
Authors: Piéjus Anne
Published: February 2022

In 1984 Noel O’Regan demonstrated that Roman manuscripts containing Lasso’s motets were reworkings of motets found in published editions. This article reopens an investigation of the Roman manuscript motet books in the light of an autograph booklet by the Oratorian priest and censor of music Giovanni Giovenale Ancina (1599). This document contains two lists of motets, comprising a wide selection that reflects a search for variety in the number of voices (with a preponderance of eight-voice motets), age and style of the motet. It shows a large number of concordances with several manuscript anthologies related to the Oratorian circles. Ancina’s bookletallows us to propose new attributions for motets by Zoilo and Prospero Santini, better known as a chapel master. Finally, a comparison with existing sets of music books qualifies the multiple authorship of the motet in the Roman erudite milieu of that time.
The efficacy of cariprazine on cognition: a post hoc analysis from phase II/III clinical trials in bipolar mania, bipolar depression, and schizophrenia
Authors: McIntyre Roger S. , Daniel David G. , Vieta Eduard , Laszlovszky István , Goetghebeur Pascal J. , Earley Willie R. , Patel Mehul D.
Published: February 2022

Objective

To investigate the effect of cariprazine on cognitive symptom change across bipolar I disorder and schizophrenia.

Methods

Post hoc analyses of 3- to 8-week pivotal studies in bipolar I depression and mania were conducted; one schizophrenia trial including the Cognitive Drug Research System attention battery was also analyzed. Outcomes of interest: Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS], Functioning Assessment Short Test [FAST], Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale [PANSS]). LSMDs in change from baseline to end of study were reported in the overall intent-to-treat population and in patient subsets with specified levels of baseline cognitive symptoms or performance.

Results

In patients with bipolar depression and at least mild cognitive symptoms, LSMDs were statistically significant for cariprazine vs placebo on MADRS item 6 (3 studies; 1.5 mg=−0.5 [P<.001]; 3 mg/d=−0.2 [P<.05]) and on the FAST Cognitive subscale (1 study; 1.5 mg/d=−1.4; P=.0039). In patients with bipolar mania and at least mild cognitive symptoms, the LSMD in PANSS Cognitive subscale score was statistically significant for cariprazine vs placebo (3 studies; −2.1; P=.001). In patients with schizophrenia and high cognitive impairment, improvement in power of attention was observed for cariprazine 3 mg/d vs placebo (P=.0080), but not for cariprazine 6 mg/d; improvement in continuity of attention was observed for cariprazine 3 mg/d (P=.0012) and 6 mg/d (P=.0073).

Conclusion

These post hoc analyses provide preliminary evidence of greater improvements for cariprazine vs placebo across cognitive measures in patients with bipolar I depression and mania, and schizophrenia, suggesting potential benefits for cariprazine in treating cognitive symptoms.
Nutritional content, protein quantity, protein quality and carbon footprint of plant-based drinks and semi-skimmed milk in the Netherlands and Europe
Authors: Singh-Povel Cécile M , van Gool Martine P , Gual Rojas Ana Paulina , Bragt Marjolijn CE , Kleinnijenhuis Anne J , Hettinga Kasper A
Published: February 2022

Objective:

To compare the nutritional composition of bovine milk and several plant-based drinks with a focus on protein and essential amino acid content and to determine the ratio of essential amino acids to greenhouse gas emission.

Design:

Nutritional information on the label was extracted for semi-skimmed milk, soy, oat, almond, coconut and rice drink from the Innova database between January 2017 and March 2020 for the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Spain, Italy and Sweden. Protein and amino acids were measured and carbon footprint was calculated for a selection of Dutch products. Protein quality was determined by calculating the contribution to the WHO essential amino acids requirements.

Setting:

The bovine milk and plant-based drinks market in Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Spain, Italy and Sweden.

Participants:

Semi-skimmed bovine milk and soy, oat, almond, coconut and rice drink.

Results:

Nutritional label information was collected for 399 products. Milk naturally contains many micronutrients, e.g. vitamin B2, B12 and Ca. Approximately 50 % of the regular plant-based drinks was fortified with Ca, whereas the organic plant-based drinks were mostly unfortified. Protein quantity and quality were highest in milk. Soy drink had the best protein quality to carbon footprint ratio and milk came second.

Conclusions:

The nutrition – climate change balance presented in this study, is in line with previous literature, which shows that semi-skimmed bovine milk and fortified soy drink deserve a place in a sustainable diet.
Teaching Latin language and Roman culture as a journey from present to past: an action research project at a secondary classroom
Authors: Gheorghe Amalia-Elena
Published: February 2022

This paper aims to investigate whether, by activities designed as a journey from present to past, students will gain an in-depth knowledge of Roman culture and civilisation, proving interest in them, and a better understanding of the contemporaneity and the community they are living in. Latin language and Roman culture are the basis of the European culture, and this subject is often perceived by students as useless, currently, because Latin is a dead language and Roman culture seems to be too far from their reality. I believe that it is necessary for students to have knowledge of the Latin language and Roman culture not only to know what was before them, but also to gain a better understanding of the world in which they live through the studying of this subject.
„… dann gründen Sie doch eine Neuropsychologische Hochschulambulanz!“
Authors: Suchan Boris , Pinnow Christian , Thoma Patrizia
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung: Neuropsychologische Hochschulambulanzen sind im Gegensatz zu Psychotherapeutischen Hochschulambulanzen eher rar. Sie stellen aber eine gute Möglichkeit dar, sowohl die neuropsychologische Unterversorgung auszugleichen als auch gleichzeitig den neuropsychologischen Nachwuchs auszubilden. Durch die Neugestaltung des universitären klinischen Masterstudienganges und die Möglichkeit einer spezifischen Weiterbildung im Bereich der Klinischen Neuropsychologie, welche derjenigen im Bereich Psychologische Psychotherapie gleichgestellt ist, ist es dringend erforderlich, Strukturen zu schaffen, die mit denen der Psychotherapieweiterbildung vergleichbar sind. Die Gründung einer Neuropsychologischen Hochschulambulanz klingt erst einmal einfach, stellt die antragstellende Person aber meistens vor einige Probleme, die im Detail und auch in Abhängigkeit von den Gesetzen des jeweiligen Bundeslandes gelöst werden müssen. Der vorliegende Artikel stellt die Gründung des Neuropsychologischen Therapie Centrums, der Hochschulambulanz an der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, mit allen Tücken und Anforderungen dar.
Berufsperspektive Scientist Practitioner für zukünftige nichtapprobierte klinische Neuropsycholog_innen
Authors: Leibinger Konstantin , Bauer Isabel , Gölz Milena , Stoll Sarah , Tempfli Melanie , Aschenbrenner Steffen , Randerath Jennifer
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung: Die aktuellen Anpassungen im Psychologiestudium in Deutschland verändern die Qualifizierungswege von klinisch-neuropsychologisch Interessierten. Auch für potenzielle Nachwuchswissenschaftler_innen sind die Perspektiven über z. B. einen forschungsorientierten Master ohne Approbation noch unklar. Wir skizzieren einige Grenzen und Möglichkeiten angesichts der aktuellen Lage und schlagen eine kombinierte wissenschaftliche und klinisch-neuropsychologische Qualifizierung als Option vor. Dieses Modell könnte eine Brücke zwischen akademischen und patient_innenbezogenen Tätigkeitsfeldern bilden und die Sicherung angewandter Forschung stützen. Um aktuelle wissenschaftliche Standards für den Anwendungsbereich langfristig aufrechtzuerhalten und die neuropsychologische Versorgung zu stärken, müssen der zukünftige wissenschaftliche Nachwuchs und die Flexibilität in dessen Karriereplanung gefördert werden. Eine Limitation ist die noch unbestimmbare Umsetzbarkeit des Modells. Zuständigkeiten müssten geklärt, rechtliche Möglichkeiten evaluiert und ggf. das Modell um weitere Perspektiven ergänzt werden.
Angewandte Neuropsychologie außerhalb der Heilkunde
Authors: Peper Martin , Leplow Bernd
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung: Die angewandte Neuropsychologie bietet für vielfältige Berufsfelder außerhalb der Heilkunde gemäß Psychotherapiegesetz zahlreiche Ansatzpunkte. Neben Aufgaben in der Begleit- und Evaluationsforschung und der Aus- und Weiterbildung können zahlreiche nichttherapeutische Anwendungsgebiete identifiziert werden. Neuropsychologisches Wissen wird u. a. benötigt in der ingenieur- und arbeitspsychologischen Gestaltung technischer Systeme und ergonomischer Arbeitsbedingungen, der wirtschaftspsychologischen Entscheidungsforschung, den Sachaufklärungsroutinen im Öffentlichen Gesundheitswesen einschließlich des Gesundheitsschutzes, der Prävention im Freizeit- und Profisport, der Architekturpsychologie, der Städte- und Raumplanung, der Verkehrspsychologie, der pharmakologisch-toxikologischen Forschung und Entwicklung, der neuropsychologisch orientierten Eignungsdiagnostik sowie in Bildung und Unterricht. Bei der Gestaltung nichttherapeutisch ausgerichteter psychologischer Studiengänge sollte die Konzeptualisierung anwendungsbezogener, nicht-heilkundlicher Masterstudiengänge für Neuropsychologie überlegt werden. Postgradual sollte ein Sektor der Weiterbildung im Hinblick auf die nichttherapeutischen Anwendungsfelder optimiert werden.
Parameters Controlling the Eruption Frequency of Long‐Lived Felsic Magmatic Systems: An Example From the Milos Volcanic Field (Greece)
Authors: Zhou Xiaolong , Kuiper Klaudia , Wijbrans Jan , Vroon Pieter
Published: February 2022

The mechanism controlling the volcanic eruption frequency is yet poorly understood. The key to a better understanding this mechanism comes from integrating accurate geochronology with numerical models. In many silicic volcanic systems, the eruption frequency is studied for short timescales of <500 kyr. Here, we combine two published numerical models (Caricchi et al., 2014, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2041; Degruyter & Huber, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.06.047) to improve our understanding of the eruption frequency in a long‐lived (>3 Ma) felsic magmatic system, the Milos volcanic field. We use the published Milos geochronological data as input into the Caricchi et al. (2014, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2041) model to derive average magma supply rates (Qav) and eruptible volumes. These two parameters are then used in the Degruyter and Huber (2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.06.047) model to compute the chamber growth rate (Gmc) for the Milos magmatic system. The results of the Caricchi et al. (2014, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2041) model indicate that the time intervals between magma pulses into the subvolcanic reservoir (ti) and Qav are the key parameters controlling the eruption frequency. During the time intervals of 1.48–1.04 and 0.97–0.63 Ma the ti is longer than 1000 years and the volcanic quiescence periods are longer than 350 kyr. Furthermore, these periods are characterized by low values for Qav (≤0.001 km3 · yr−1) and Gmc (<0.0001 km3 · yr−1). In contrast, during the time intervals of 2.0–1.5 and 0.60–0.06 Ma, the ti is shorter (<0.5 kyr) and the values for Qav (>0.001 km3 · yr−1) are higher corresponding to frequent eruptions.
Where Is Region 1 Field‐Aligned Current Generated?
Authors: Ebihara Yusuke , Tanaka Takashi
Published: February 2022

We investigate generation regions of the Region 1 field‐aligned currents (FACs) by using global magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulation for steady and purely southward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). Unlike conventional means, we consider Alfvén traveling time and background motion of plasma. We trace “packets,” which are supposed to carry the perturbations associated with FACs, backward in time from the ionosphere. The following criteria are used to identify generation regions. (a) Conversion between field‐aligned and field‐perpendicular currents takes place (as required from current continuity). (b) Plasma performs negative work against the magnetic tension force (as required from energy conservation). (c) Rate of change in FACs is nonzero (as required from Ampère's and Faraday's laws). Flank (low‐latitude) magnetopause is identified to be a major generator region, in which solar wind‐originated plasma pulls the newly reconnected magnetic field lines. Magnetosphere‐originated plasma, which is indirectly pulled by the solar wind‐originated plasma, also participates in the generation. The involvement of the reconnection can explain the general dependence on the southward IMF. The generation of Region 1 FACs is associated with field‐aligned gradient of space charge ∇||(∇⋅E), where E is the electric field, but the contribution from the term (∇2E)|| is also significant because of curved magnetic field lines. The flank generator can reasonably explain the latitudinal and the longitudinal extensions of the Region 1 FACs because of the finite travel time of the Alfvén waves under convective motion. The generation region is located apart from the instantaneous magnetic field lines extending from the ionosphere.
New Magnetic Anomaly Constraints on the Antarctic Crust
Authors: Kim H. R. , Golynsky A. V. , Golynsky D. A. , Yu H. , von Frese R. R. B. , Hong J. K.
Published: February 2022

The Antarctic Digital Magnetic Anomaly Project’s first‐generation magnetic anomaly map (ADMAP‐1) was produced for the region south of 60°S from about 1.5 million line‐kms of airborne and marine magnetic anomaly data (Golynsky et al., 2001; https://www.bas.ac.uk/data/our‐data/maps/thematic‐maps/admap‐magnetic‐anomaly‐map‐of‐the‐antarctic/). The second‐generation ADMAP‐2 compilation (Golynsky et al., 2017; https://doi.org/10.22663/ADMAP.V2) incorporated an additional roughly 2.0 million line‐kms of airborne and marine magnetic anomaly data from international mapping through 2015. The present study integrates satellite magnetic observations from the Swarm mission with the near‐surface data of ADMAP‐2 to help fill the regional coverage gaps and better define the altitude behavior of the Antarctic's magnetic anomalies for enhanced geological analysis. The resulting satellite magnetic data‐supplemented compilation, ADMAP‐2s, yields further constraints on the enigmatic geology of the Gamburtsev Subglacial Mountains, Prince Charles Mountains, Wilkes Land, Dronning Maud Land, and other poorly explored Antarctic areas. It offers insights on the global tectonic processes and crustal properties of the Antarctic and helps to unify disparate geologic and geophysical studies by linking widely separated outcrops. It also supports studies on the geological controls of the Antarctic ice sheet, the crustal transitions between Antarctica and the adjacent oceans, and the geodynamic evolution of the Gondwana and Rodinia supercontinents.
PI3K-regulated Glycine N-methyltransferase is required for the development of prostate cancer
Authors: Zabala-Letona Amaia , Arruabarrena-Aristorena Amaia , Fernandez-Ruiz Sonia , Viera Cristina , Carlevaris Onintza , Ercilla Amaia , Mendizabal Isabel , Martin Teresa , Macchia Alice , Camacho Laura , Pujana-Vaquerizo Mikel , Sanchez-Mosquera Pilar , Torrano Verónica , Martin-Martin Natalia , Zuniga-Garcia Patricia , Castillo-Martin Mireia , Ugalde-Olano Aitziber , Loizaga-Iriarte Ana , Unda Miguel , Mato Jose M. , Berra Edurne , Martinez-Chantar Maria L. , Carracedo Arkaitz
Published: February 2022

Glycine N-Methyltransferase (GNMT) is a metabolic enzyme that integrates metabolism and epigenetic regulation. The product of GNMT, sarcosine, has been proposed as a prostate cancer biomarker. This enzyme is predominantly expressed in the liver, brain, pancreas, and prostate tissue, where it exhibits distinct regulation. Whereas genetic alterations in GNMT have been associated to prostate cancer risk, its causal contribution to the development of this disease is limited to cell line-based studies and correlative human analyses. Here we integrate human studies, genetic mouse modeling, and cellular systems to characterize the regulation and function of GNMT in prostate cancer. We report that this enzyme is repressed upon activation of the oncogenic Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway, which adds complexity to its reported dependency on androgen signaling. Importantly, we demonstrate that expression of GNMT is required for the onset of invasive prostate cancer in a genetic mouse model. Altogether, our results provide further support of the heavy oncogenic signal-dependent regulation of GNMT in prostate cancer.
The mechanism underlying extrapulmonary complications of the coronavirus disease 2019 and its therapeutic implication
Authors: Ning Qin , Wu Di , Wang Xiaojing , Xi Dong , Chen Tao , Chen Guang , Wang Hongwu , Lu Huiling , Wang Ming , Zhu Lin , Hu Junjian , Liu Tingting , Ma Ke , Han Meifang , Luo Xiaoping
Published: February 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly transmissible disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that poses a major threat to global public health. Although COVID-19 primarily affects the respiratory system, causing severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome in severe cases, it can also result in multiple extrapulmonary complications. The pathogenesis of extrapulmonary damage in patients with COVID-19 is probably multifactorial, involving both the direct effects of SARS-CoV-2 and the indirect mechanisms associated with the host inflammatory response. Recognition of features and pathogenesis of extrapulmonary complications has clinical implications for identifying disease progression and designing therapeutic strategies. This review provides an overview of the extrapulmonary complications of COVID-19 from immunological and pathophysiologic perspectives and focuses on the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets for the management of COVID-19.