bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of data integrity and storage quality of a distributed storage system
Authors: Negru Adrian Eduard , Betev Latchezar , Carabaș Mihai , Grigoraș Costin , Țăpuş Nicolae , Weisz Sergiu
Published: August 2021

CERN uses the world’s largest scientific computing grid, WLCG, for distributed data storage and processing. Monitoring of the CPU and storage resources is an important and essential element to detect operational issues in its systems, for example in the storage elements, and to ensure their proper and efficient function. The processing of experiment data depends strongly on the data access quality, as well as its integrity and both of these key parameters must be assured for the data lifetime. Given the substantial amount of data, O(200 PB), already collected by ALICE and kept at various storage elements around the globe, scanning every single data chunk would be a very expensive process, both in terms of computing resources usage and in terms of execution time. In this paper, we describe a distributed file crawler that addresses these natural limits by periodically extracting and analyzing statistically significant samples of files from storage elements, evaluates the results and is integrated with the existing monitoring solution, MonALISA.
Transparent Integration of Opportunistic Resources into the WLCG Compute Infrastructure
Authors: Böhler Michael , Caspart René , Fischer Max , Freyermuth Oliver , Giffels Manuel , Kroboth Stefan , Kuehn Eileen , Schnepf Matthias , von Cube Florian , Wienemann Peter
Published: August 2021

The inclusion of opportunistic resources, for example from High Performance Computing (HPC) centers or cloud providers, is an important contribution to bridging the gap between existing resources and future needs by the LHC collaborations, especially for the HL-LHC era. However, the integration of these resources poses new challenges and often needs to happen in a highly dynamic manner. To enable an effective and lightweight integration of these resources, the tools COBalD and TARDIS are developed at KIT.

In this contribution we report on the infrastructure we use to dynamically offer opportunistic resources to collaborations in the World Wide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG). The core components are COBalD/TARDIS, HTCondor, CVMFS and modern virtualization technology. The challenging task of managing the opportunistic resources is performed by COBalD/TARDIS. We showcase the challenges, employed solutions and experiences gained with the provisioning of opportunistic resources from several resource providers like university clusters, HPC centers and cloud setups in a multi VO environment. This work can serve as a blueprint for approaching the provisioning of resources from other resource providers.
Porting the EOS from X86 (Intel) to aarch64 (ARM) architecture
Authors: Cheng Yaosong , Bi Yujiang , Cheng Yaodong , Li Haibo , Lu Wang , Zhang Minxing
Published: August 2021

With the advancement of many large HEP experiments, the amount of data that needs to be processed and stored has increased significantly, so we must upgrade computing resources and improve the performance of storage software. This article discusses porting the EOS software from the x86_64 architecture to the aarch64 architecture, with the aim of finding a more cost-effective storage solution. In the process of porting, the biggest challenge is that many dependent packages do not have aarch64 version and need to be compiled by ourselves, and the assembly part of the software code also needs to be adjusted accordingly. Despite these challenges, we have successfully ported the EOS code to the aarch64. This article discusses the current status and plans for the software port as well as performance testing after porting.
dCache: from Resilience to Quality of Service
Authors: Rossi Albert , Chitrapu Krishnaveni , Garonne Vincent , Litvintsev Dmitry , Meyer Svenja , Millar Paul , Mkrtchyan Tigran , Morschel Lea , Sahakyan Marina
Published: August 2021

A major goal of future dCache development will be to allow users to define file Quality of Service (QoS) in a more flexible way than currently available. This will mean implementing what might be called a QoS rule engine responsible for registering and managing time-bound QoS transitions for files or storage units. In anticipation of this extension to existing dCache capabilities, the Resilience service, which maintains on-disk replica state, needs to undergo both structural modification and generalization. This paper describes ongoing work to transform Resilience into the new architecture which will eventually support a more broadly defined file QoS.
Computing and Detector Simulation Framework for the HIBEAM/NNBAR Experimental Program at the ESS
Authors: Barrow Joshua , Brooijmans Gustaaf , Damian José Ignacio Marquez , DiJulio Douglas , Dunne Katherine , Golubeva Elena , Kamyshkov Yuri , Kittelmann Thomas , Klinkby Esben , Kókai Zsófi , Makkinje Jan , Meirose Bernhard , Milstead David , Nepomuceno André , Oskarsson Anders , Ramic Kemal , Rizzi Nicola , Santoro Valentina , Silverstein Samuel , Takibayev Alan , Wagner Richard , Yiu Sze-Chun , Zanini Luca , Zimmer Oliver
Published: August 2021

The HIBEAM/NNBAR program is a proposed two-stage experiment at the European Spallation Source focusing on searches for baryon number violation via processes in which neutrons convert to antineutrons. This paper outlines the computing and detector simulation framework for the HIBEAM/NNBAR program. The simulation is based on predictions of neutron flux and neutronics together with signal and background generation. A range of diverse simulation packages are incorporated, including Monte Carlo transport codes, neutron ray-tracing simulation packages, and detector simulation software. The common simulation package in which these elements are interfaced together is discussed. Data management plans and triggers are also described.
Building a Kubernetes infrastructure for CERN’s Content Management Systems
Authors: Samaras-Tsakiris Konstantinos , Vineet Reddy Rajula , Borges Aurindo Barros Francisco , Alvarez Fernandez Eduardo , Wagner Andreas
Published: August 2021

The infrastructure behind home.cern and 1000 other Drupal websites serves more than 15,000 unique visitors daily. To best serve the site owners, a small engineering team needs development speed to adapt to their evolving needs and operational velocity to troubleshoot emerging problems rapidly. We designed a new Web Frameworks platform by extending Kubernetes to replace the ageing physical infrastructure and reduce the dependency on homebrew components.

The new platform is modular, built around standard components and thus less complex to operate. Some requirements are covered solely by upstream open source projects, whereas others by components shared across CERN’s web hosting platforms. We leverage the Operator framework and the Kubernetes API to get observability, policy enforcement, access control and auditing, and high availability for free. Thanks to containers and namespaces, websites are isolated. This isolation clarifies security boundaries and minimizes attack surface, while empowering site owners.

In this work we present the new system’s open-source design contrasted with the one it replaces, demonstrating how we drastically reduced our technical debt.
Exploring Object Stores for High-Energy Physics Data Storage
Authors: López-Gómez Javier , Blomer Jakob
Published: August 2021

Over the last two decades, ROOT TTree has been used for storing over one exabyte of High-Energy Physics (HEP) events. The TTree columnar on-disk layout has been proved to be ideal for analyses of HEP data that typically require access to many events, but only a subset of the information stored for each of them. Future colliders, and particularly HL-LHC, will bring an increase of at least one order of magnitude in the volume of generated data. Therefore, the use of modern storage hardware, such as low-latency high-bandwidth NVMe devices and distributed object stores, becomes more important. However, TTree was not designed to optimally exploit modern hardware and may become a bottleneck for data retrieval. The ROOT RNTuple I/O system aims at overcoming TTree’s limitations and at providing improved effciency for modern storage systems. In this paper, we extend RNTuple with a backend that uses Intel DAOS as the underlying storage, demonstrating that the RNTuple architecture can accommodate high-performance object stores. From the user perspective, data can be accessed with minimal changes to the code, that is by replacing a filesystem path by a DAOS URI. Our performance evaluation shows that the new backend can be used for realistic analyses, while outperforming the compatibility solution provided by the DAOS project.
Benchmarking NetBASILISK: a Network Security Project for Science
Authors: Guhit Jem , Colone Edward , McKee Shawn , Steinhoff Kris , Thomas Katarina
Published: August 2021

Infrastructures supporting distributed scientific collaborations must address competing goals in both providing high performance access to resources while simultaneously securing the infrastructure against security threats. The NetBASILISK project is attempting to improve the security of such infrastructures while not adversely impacting their performance. This paper will present our work to create a benchmark and monitoring infrastructure that allows us to test for any degradation in transferring data into a NetBASILISK protected site.
Designing the RAL Tier-1 Network for HL-LHC and Future data lakes
Authors: Dewhurst Alastair , Bly Martin , Adams James
Published: August 2021

The Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL) runs the UK Tier-1 which supports all the LHC experiments, as well as a growing number of others in HEP, Astronomy and Space Science. In September 2020, RAL was provided with funds to upgrade its network. The Tier-1 not only wants to meet the demands of LHC Run 3, it also wants to ensure that it can take an active role in data lake development and the network data challenges in the preparation for HL-LHC. It was therefore decided to completely rebuild the Tier-1 network with a Spine / Leaf architecture. This paper describes the network requirements and design decision that went into building the new Tier-1 network. It also includes a cost analysis, to understand if the ever increasing network requirements are deliverable in a continued flat cash environment and what limitations or opportunities this may place on future data lakes.
The GeoModel tool suite for detector description
Authors: Bandieramonte Marilena , Bianchi Riccardo Maria , Boudreau Joseph , Dell’Acqua Andrea , Tsulaia Vakhtang
Published: August 2021

The GeoModel class library for detector description has recently been released as an open-source package and extended with a set of tools to allow much of the detector modeling to be carried out in a lightweight development environment, outside of large and complex software frameworks. These tools include the mechanisms for creating persistent representation of the geometry, an interactive 3D visualization tool, various command-line tools, a plugin system, and XML and JSON parsers. The overall goal of the tool suite is a fast geometry development cycle with quick visual feedback. The tool suite can be built on both Linux and Macintosh systems with minimal external dependencies. It includes useful command-line utilities: gmclash which runs clash detection, gmgeantino which generates geantino maps, and fullSimLight which runs GEANT4 simulation on geometry imported from GeoModel description. The GeoModel tool suite is presently in use in both the ATLAS and FASER experiments. In ATLAS it will be the basis of the LHC Run 4 geometry description.
Improving the automated calibration at Belle II
Authors: Pham Francis , Dossett David , Sevior Martin
Published: August 2021

In 2019 a Python plugin package, b2cal, based on the Apache Airflow workflow management platform was developed to automate the calibration at Belle II. It uses Directed Acyclic Graphs to describe the ordering of processes and Flask to provide administration and job submission web pages. This system was hosted in Melbourne, Australia and submitted calibration jobs to the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization in Japan. In 2020 the b2cal was dockerised and deployed at the Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Laboratory in Germany. Improvements have been implemented that allow jobs to be submitted to multiple calibration centers and for the amount of required human interactions to be greatly reduced. All job submissions and validation of calibration constants now occur as soon as possible. In this paper, we describe the upgrades to the automated calibration at Belle II.
Monte Carlo matching in the Belle II software
Authors: Sato Yo , Cunliffe Sam , Meier Frank , Zupanc Anze
Published: August 2021

The Belle II experiment is an upgrade to the Belle experiment, and is located at the SuperKEKB facility in KEK, Tsukuba, Japan. The Belle II software is completely new and is used for everything from triggering data, generation of Monte Carlo events, tracking, clustering, to high-level analysis. One important feature is the matching between the combinations of reconstructed objects which form particle candidates and the underlying simulated particles from the event generators. This is used to study detector effects, analysis backgrounds, and efficiencies. This document describes the algorithm that is used by Belle II.
Dual-Parameterized Quantum Circuit GAN Model in High Energy Physics
Authors: Chang Su Yeon , Herbert Steven , Vallecorsa Sofia , Combarro Elías F. , Duncan Ross
Published: August 2021

Generative models, and Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) in particular, are being studied as possible alternatives to Monte Carlo simulations. It has been proposed that, in certain circumstances, simulation using GANs can be sped-up by using quantum GANs (qGANs).

We present a new design of qGAN, the dual-Parameterized Quantum Circuit (PQC) GAN, which consists of a classical discriminator and two quantum generators which take the form of PQCs. The first PQC learns a probability distribution over N-pixel images, while the second generates normalized pixel intensities of an individual image for each PQC input.

With a view to HEP applications, we evaluated the dual-PQC architecture on the task of imitating calorimeter outputs, translated into pixelated images. The results demonstrate that the model can reproduce a fixed number of images with a reduced size as well as their probability distribution and we anticipate it should allow us to scale up to real calorimeter outputs.
hep_tables: Heterogeneous Array Programming for HEP
Authors: Watts Gordon
Published: August 2021

Array operations are one of the most concise ways of expressing common filtering and simple aggregation operations that are the hallmark of a particle physics analysis: selection, filtering, basic vector operations, and filling histograms. The High Luminosity run of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC), scheduled to start in 2026, will require physicists to regularly skim datasets that are over a PB in size, and repeatedly run over datasets that are 100’s of TB’s – too big to fit in memory. Declarative programming techniques are a way of separating the intent of the physicist from the mechanics of finding the data and using distributed computing to process and make histograms. This paper describes a library that implements a declarative distributed framework based on array programming. This prototype library provides a framework for different sub-systems to cooperate in producing plots via plug-in’s. This prototype has a ServiceX data-delivery sub-system and an awkward array sub-system cooperating to generate requested data or plots. The ServiceX system runs against ATLAS xAOD data and flat ROOT TTree’s and awkward on the columnar data produced by ServiceX.
Recent Improvements to the ATLAS Offline Data Quality Monitoring System
Authors: Bordulev Iurii , Burton Charles , Narayan Rohin , Nedic Luka , Onyisi Peter , Postolache Petronel
Published: August 2021

Recent changes to the ATLAS offline data quality monitoring system are described. These include multithreaded histogram filling and subsequent postprocessing, improvements in the responsiveness and resource use of the automatic check system, and changes to the user interface to improve the user experience.
HOSS!
Authors: Lawrence David
Published: August 2021

The Hall-D Online Skim System (HOSS) was developed to simultaneously solve two issues for the high intensity GlueX experiment. One was to parallelize the writing of raw data files to disk in order to improve bandwidth. The other was to distribute the raw data across multiple compute nodes in order to produce calibration skims of the data online. The highly configurable system employs RDMA, RAM disks, and zeroMQ driven by Python to simultaneously store and process the full high intensity GlueX data stream.
Application of the missing mass method in the fixed-target program of the STAR experiment
Authors: Fisyak Yuri , Ivanov Victor , Ke Hongwei , Kisel Ivan , Kisel Pavel , Kozlov Grigory , Margetis Spyridon , Tang Aihong , Vassiliev Iouri , Zyzak Maksym
Published: August 2021

The search for short-lived particles is usually the final stage in the chain of event reconstruction and precedes event selection when operating in online mode or physics analysis when operating in offline mode. Most often such short-lived particles are neutral and their search and reconstruction is carried out using their daughter charged particles resulting from their decay.

The use of the missing mass method makes it possible to find and analyze also decays of charged short-lived particles, when one of the daughter particles is neutral and is not registered in the detector system. One of the most known examples of such decays is the decay Σ− → nπ−.

In this paper, we discuss in detail the missing mass method, which was implemented as part of the KF Particle Finder package for the search and analysis of short-lived particles, and describe the use of the method in the STAR experiment (BNL, USA).

The method was used to search for pion (π± → μ±ν) and kaon (K± → μ±ν and K± → π±π0) decays online on the HLT farm in the express production chain. An important feature of the express production chain in the STAR experiment is that it allows one to start calibration, production, and analysis of the data immediately after receiving them.

Here, the particular features and results of the real-time application of the method within the express processing of data obtained in the BES-II program at a beam energy of 3.85 GeV/n when working with a fixed target are presented and discussed.
The effect of microwave pretreatment on impact crushing of lead-zinc ore
Authors: Liu Yulong , Ding Dexin , Chen Wenguang , Hu Nan , Wu Lingling , Hu Lin , Zhang Qiucai , Zhang Zhijun , Li Feng , Xue Xilong , Li Zhaopeng , He Guicheng , Yu Qing
Published: August 2021

The relationship between energy input and particle size of ore samples after crushing and effect of microwave pretreatment on impact crushing of lead-zinc ore were studied by drop weight impact test. The results showed that the lead-zinc ore became softer and had higher degree of crushing after microwave pretreatment. Compared with continuous microwave pretreatment, pulsed microwave pretreatment could improve the drop weight impact crushing efficiency of lead-zinc ore. When the specific comminution energy were 5 kW h/t, 10 kW h/t respectively, the crushing characteristic parameters t10 were 60.42% and 67.46% respectively by continuous microwave. But the values of t10 were increased to 68.64% and 75.88% respectively after pulsed microwave radiation under same microwave power and time. In addition, water quenching could more promote the impact crushing efficiency of lead-zinc ore after microwave irradiation.
Additive manufacturing of Inconel625-HSLA Steel functionally graded material by wire arc additive manufacturing
Authors: Zhang Jiarong , Di Xinjie , Li Chengning , Zhao Xipeng , Ba Lingzhi , Jiang Xin
Published: August 2021

Functional graded materials (FGMs) have been widely applied in many engineering fields, and are very potential to be the substitutions of dissimilar metal welding joints due to their overall performance. In this work, the Inconel625-high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) Steel FGM was fabricated by wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). The chemical composition distribution, microstructure, phase evolution and mechanical properties of the FGM were examined. With the increasing of HSLA Steel, the chemical composition appeared graded distribution, and the primary dendrite spacing was largest in graded region with 20%HSLA Steel and then gradually decreased. And the main microstructure of the FGM transformed from columnar dendrites to equiaxed dendrites. Laves phase precipitated along dendrites boundary when the content of HSLA Steel was lower than 70% and Nb-rich carbides precipitated when the content of HSLA Steel exceeded to 70%. Microhardness and tensile strength gradually decreased with ascending content of HSLA Steel, and had a drastic improvement (159HV to 228HV and 355Mpa to 733Mpa) when proportion of HSLA Steel increased from 70% to 80%.
The phenomenon of “abuse of right” in the context of the problems of finding the methodological foundations of modern legal science
Authors: Vasiliev Sergey Vladimirovich , Zykina Elena Valentinovna , Zykin Boris Viktorovich , Sapogov Vladimir Mitrofanovich , Sidorov Vasily Petrovich
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this work is to identify new aspects of the identification of signs of “abuse of right” and to strengthen the ideas about this phenomenon as an independent one, which has not only a negative meaning, but also allows to detect new (non-traditional) directions of effective improvement of the legal space of the country, associated with a certain adjustment of views on the regulatory properties (possibilities) of the legal form of law. The authors provided a comprehensive use of various scientific methods, among which the comparative legal method, formal-logical, dialectical, allowed to obtain new knowledge about the object of research. In the course of the work a non-standard methodological approach to the study of the phenomenon of “abuse of right” was tested, which allowed to identify and present new content elements (characteristics) of this phenomenon. This broadened and deepened the concept, taking a step toward a convincing argument for its independent (broad) meaning. The novelty of the work is due to the contribution to the theory of law, which creates prerequisites for the further conceptual study of the phenomenon of “abuse of right”.
Methodological problems of human social security: legal and economic discourse
Authors: Stepanenko Raviia Faritovna , Garifullina Alsu Rinatovna , Yun Larisa Vladimirovna , Sadykov Iskander Anvarovich , Isayev Eduard Yevgenyevich
Published: August 2021

The article examines the current problems of legal and economic nature in resolving the acute social situation associated with negative trends in the global community: the demographic crisis, high mortality, deep social stratification of society, etc. The methodological basis of the study are universal, general scientific and particular scientific methods of cognition used by the legal science in the object-subject sphere of cognition of the general theory of law. In addition, a number of synthetic, integrative ways of research are used, which are part of the methodology of interdisciplinarity, relevant for modern socio-humanitarian science. The work proves that the traditional methodological approaches of economic and legal theories are less and less adequate to the new needs of the humanities and increasingly require them to combine their efforts in the knowledge of profound socio-economic problems. The main innovative tool for solving many social problems today is program-project management, which involves passing through a series of stages: analytical (the need for a problem-oriented analysis of situations; conceptualization (selection and justification of goals and objectives); instrumentalization (selection of effective means to achieve goals and objectives); specification of the scheme of activities in their implementation; budgeting of the project; identifying the criteria of effectiveness in the implementation of the project from the perspective of socially-oriented development of the economy, studied jointly by law and economics. The novelty of the work lies in the proof of the hypothesis formulating the need to justify such an independent direction of the Russian theory of legal policy as – legal economic policy, which confirms the feasibility of the cumulative view of the range of existing problems.
Reforming Russian legal mechanisms for the rehabilitation of the debtor through the prism of comparative studies
Authors: Ershova Inna Vladimirovna , Shishmareva Tatiana Petrovna , Enkova Ekaterina Evgenievna , Sushkova Olga Viktorovna , Galkin Sergey Sergeevich
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study is to formulate the main elements of the legal model for reforming the Russian insolvency legislation based on the analysis of regulatory decisions of foreign legal orders, where the idea of the sanation of the debtor and its enterprise is successfully implemented. Comparative-legal and sociological methods of scientific cognition were used as a methodological basis. The results of the work were the analysis of the experience of the United States and Germany, the legislation of which contains effective models for resolving the conflict between the debtor and its creditors within the framework of sanation. In addition, the authors formulated and substantiated the conclusion regarding the urgent need to change the Russian concept of insolvency legislation through the transition from the liquidation of insolvent entities, mainly to the sanation of debtors or its enterprises. The authors also proposed key elements of a possible legal model for such reform, including establishing a unified restructuring competitive procedure for debtors – legal entities; preserving the powers of the debtor in the course of this procedure to handle its corporate management; solving the most significant issues of the restructuring procedure mainly by reaching an agreement between the main participants in the procedure – the debtor, the beneficiaries of the debtor and various classes of creditors. The novelty of the work lies in formulating the problem and substantiating the requirement to transform the Russian legal mechanisms for the rehabilitation of the insolvent debtor, taking into account the legal solutions presented, first of all, in American and German insolvency legislation.
Methodological limitations of sociocultural studies of law
Authors: Zinkovsky Sergey Borisovich
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the study is to identify the methodological limitations of sociocultural studies of law. The research methods center around the thesis that the sociocultural approach in legal scholarship is most persuasive when implemented in a relatively limited social context. This kind of research is empirical and shows no attention to the creation of explanatory theoretical constructs. The possibilities for comparative legal analysis are also limited because empirical research is primarily descriptive. The result of the study proved that the methods of considering law through the prism of culture are not always able to provide clear tools for analyzing the social factors that determine the features of institutional and procedural differences in law. In addition, the study concludes that the study of law as a cultural phenomenon requires the use of ideal constructions in the process of cognition. On the one hand, it allows operating with concepts whose content is not formally defined. On the other hand, it entails the impossibility of identifying the general principles of the organization of real legal phenomena, the cause-and-effect relationships between them. Foreign sociocultural studies of law often use the concept of “cultural community”, the scope of which allows asserting that the subject of research goes far beyond the scope of legal science. The study’s novelty lies in an attempt to assess whether the search for cultural foundations of law “blurs” the subject of legal science. The main reason for the “conceptual blurring” of sociocultural studies of law is the lack of a universal, generally recognized approach to defining the concept of culture in Russian and foreign legal science. However, the reductionism of the context of sociocultural studies of law, the use of legal and non-legal concepts and categories cannot always be characterized as unproductive. The revealed methodological limitations of sociocultural studies of law do not prevent the explanation of the actual nature of legal phenomena.
Personal self-development as the base of evolution of the modern legal education: theoretical and legal position
Authors: Stepanenko Raviya Faritovna , Khamidullina Farida Ildarovna , Sabirova Lidiya Leonidovna , Soldatova Alyona Vladimirovna , Ashrafzyanov Ilshat Radivovich
Published: August 2021

The objective of the research is the analysis of the problem of higher legal education in the context of uncertainty of the modern social and cultural space, processes of the widespread standardization of the educational environment, development of the strictly informational and cognitive and formatted thinking. The methodological base of the research is the universal, general scientific and specific scientific cognitive methods used by the legal science in the object-subject scope of cognition of the general theory of law. Besides, some synthetic, integrative methods of research are used that are part of the methodology of interdisciplinarity, actual for the modern socio-humanistic science. The result of the research is the grounded author’s legal position of the advisability of the personal self-development of a student as well as a teacher without whom the obtaining of the qualitative higher legal education seems problematic and also the performing of the professional legal activity in the moral legal direction. The authors also prove that the formation and development of the modern legal consciousness and legal culture of the lawyer shall be based upon the universal and generally accepted ideas of the significance of personal rights and freedoms, postulated during the course of education as well as by the personal development. The novelty of the paper is this problem statement that was not expressed before by the scientists as the subject of research.
Religious law disciplines and formation of general cultural competencies in students
Authors: Romanovskaya Lyubava Rostislavovna , Evdeeva Natalya Vladimirovna , Kiseleva Irina Anatolyevna , Ostroumov Sergey Vladimirovich , Gruzdev Vladislav Vladimirovich
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the fundamental correlation between the spiritual health of the society and civil peace and harmony in the country, as well as to analyse the efficiency of teaching religious law disciplines in the context of the formation of major general cultural competencies in law students. The methodological basis of the study was represented by the civilisational approach, the dialectical method, general logical methods as well as the integrative approach that made it possible to combine legal and religious aspects within the framework of special interdisciplinary academic disciplines. Observation and interviewing techniques were also used. It was found out in the course of the study that one of the most important components of countering external and internal threats to the national security is one’s spiritual and moral foundations that must be formed in the student environment in the process of educational work, in particular, within the framework of teaching special religious law disciplines. They should be conceptually based on the postulate that religion, culture and law constitute a single civilisational aggregate characterised by complex internal interrelations and patterns of development. Students should realise that the knowledge of these laws makes it possible to understand that, despite the difference in civilisational models, there exists a fundamental affinity in the basic principles of different religious confessions and basic cultural aspirations of various nations. The novelty of the work is accounted for by the conclusion that the study of spiritual and moral foundations of the existing religious and non-religious spiritual doctrines, as well as the fundamental links between religion and law, contributes to the formation of basic general cultural competencies in students, as well as positive value attitudes.
The EU law and the law of third countries: problems of interaction
Authors: Galushko Dmitriy Viacheslavovich , Oganova Natalya Valerievna , Belousov Andrey Leonidovich , Grigorovich Elena Valerievna , Sereda Aleksey Valerievich
Published: August 2021

The article discusses the problems of the interaction process of legal systems of international integration organizations with law of states that are not members of those entities. The research has been conducted on the example of the European Union. The authors conclude that the degree of influence of the international treaties between the EU and third countries on the legal orders of these states differs depending on the level of cooperation between the parties, which is precisely determined by such agreements. The European Union law is the main means of spreading the influence of the European Union on the legal systems of non-member states. Approximation of national legislation with the European Union’s acquis is a consistent process of approximation of the legal system of the state, including legislation, lawmaking, legal technique, law enforcement practice in accordance with the criteria set by the Union. Peculiarities of the legal approximation of law of particular states with law of the European Union are determined by the nature of the relationship between those subjects, by the goals set for such cooperation and fixed in mutual international treaties, as well as by the peculiarities of the state mechanism and the legal system of the respective state. Consequently, regarding European Union – Russia interaction in the field, regulatory engagement can be hardly called as efficient, smooth, and cloudless.
The legal system of modern Russia in the general discourse of world development
Authors: Albov Alexey Pavlovich , Shagieva Rosalina Vasilevna , Nikiforov Vadim Alexeevich
Published: August 2021

The study’s objective is based on the disclosure of the specific comparative nature of the modern Russian legal system to substantiate the theoretical concept of its existence as a unique hybrid legal type as a symbiosis of the three legal traditions: Romano-Germanic, religious and socialist. The methodological basis of the study is the methodological and analytical range of methods presented in the article, known and proven ways and means of research in jurisprudence. To obtain reliable and well-founded conclusions, traditional general scientific and special research methods and descriptions of its results are used, mainly historical, comparative methods, a systematic approach, etc. The study result concluded that the formation of the main properties of the Russian legal system is associated with the goals and objectives that were assigned to it by the state and society in a particular historical period, which is why it is unique. The perception of specificity in implementing the classification of modern legal systems largely determines the justification of the criteria put forward. To determine the ways of further development in the twenty-first century, Russia’s legal system must still rely on its historical legal identity, taking into account the peculiarities of national culture. The novelty of this study is the resolution of a complex problem of theoretical and methodological order, namely: is it worth defining the underlying legal identity of the Russian legal system or is it enough to show its place on the “legal map of the world”, including it in a particular larger legal community?
Interrogation tactics with an interpreter
Authors: Shvets Sergey Vladimirovich , Zelensky Vladimir Dmitrievich , Kuemzhieva Svetlana Alexandrovna , Plotskaya Anastasiya
Published: August 2021

In holding an investigation in relation to or with the involvement of persons, who do not know or insufficiently know the language of criminal proceedings, it becomes necessary to involve an interpreter in the crime investigation procedure. However, the contemporary investigative theory and practice take into account only one situation, namely the monolingualism of parties to a criminal proceeding. The situation when the investigator and his/her procedural opponent are fluent in different languages is still overlooked by our today’s researchers. The article examines features of the influence of the need to use an interpreter on the interrogation from the point of view of information interaction between the parties. Within the framework of this research, it was substantiated that during the interrogation involving an interpreter, additional tasks, that are not characteristic of interrogation in its classical sense, arise. The groups of communication features of interrogation with the involvement of an interpreter, generated by the difference in the language system, the lack of control on the part of the investigator over the transfer of information between the interpreter and interrogated person, as well as a sharp decrease in the range of tactical techniques suitable for use, were identified. It is proposed to divide tactical techniques during interrogation involving an interpreter into four groups depending on the need to explain the essence of them to the interpreter, as well as the need to prepare an interpreter to participate in their implementation. The article concludes the influence of an interpreter on the tactics of investigative actions, if necessary, to involve him/her to guarantee the linguistic rights of the parties to criminal proceedings, and also offers recommendations for overcoming the tactical difficulties that arise during interrogation.
Legal regulation of the protection of the rights of abducted children (experience of France, Finland, and Sweden)
Authors: Bondarenko Dmitry Vladimirovich , Antipova Alena Aleksandrovna , Ryabova Elena Nikolayevna , Kasarkina Elena Nikolaevna , Balykhin Vladislav Nikolayevich
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the research is to analyze the law enforcement practice of protecting the rights of abducted children by the example of several European countries (France, Finland, and Sweden) and to highlight the main trends in the development of this practice at the international level. Research methods: analysis, synthesis, interpretation, structural-functional approach, classification, synthesis and interpretation of the information obtained. The main method of analysis of documents which are normative legal acts in the field of protection of the rights of abducted children at the level of international legislation, as well as the national legislation of France, Finland, and Sweden. The main result of the research was an analysis of the main national regulations on the protection of the rights of abducted children in France, Finland, and Sweden, as well as the activities of the central authority for international child abduction in these countries. In addition, the main trends in the development of law enforcement practice in the protection of the rights of abducted children at the international level were highlighted, using the examples of the countries studied. Scientific novelty of the research is substantiated by the determining role of The Hague Conventions of 1980 and 1996 as fundamental international documents in the field of international child abduction, the definition of the fundamental principle in the formation of national legislation and resolving the issues of protecting the rights of abducted children, and identifying the specifics of law enforcement practice in protecting the rights of abducted children in individual countries (France, Finland, and Sweden).
Criminal liability as a means of counteracting sanitary and epidemiological rule violations in a pandemic
Authors: Makarov Andrey Vladimirovich , Makogon Larisa Vladimirovna , Firsov Oleg Vyacheslavovich , Zhukova Aleksandra Sergeevna
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the issues of the application of criminal liability as a means of countering violations of sanitary and epidemiological rules in a pandemic. The main idea of the study: the validity and expediency of amending the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation establishing punishment for violation of sanitary and epidemiological rules and criminalization of the spread of an infectious disease. A methodological toolkit is a set of methods, means and techniques with the help of which the criminalization of violations of sanitary and epidemiological rules in a pandemic is substantiated. The following methods were used in the work: hypothetical-deductive; dogmatic (formal legal analysis); description; comparative. The result of the work is the provision that in a pandemic, a necessary condition for ensuring national security seems appropriate to criminalize the spread of infectious diseases that pose a danger to others, which will make it possible to prosecute people who, deliberately or through negligence, have committed infecting a disease included in the category of dangerous to others. These recommendations are due to the noted problems in science and practice, including the results of comparative legal analysis. The novelty of the research lies in the substantiation of amending the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation by federal law. The amendments introduce stricter types of punishments, establish responsibility for the threat of a mass disease or people intoxication, and additions have been made in the form of a third part which provides for liability for violation of sanitary standards that inadvertently entailed the death of two or more people. The peculiarities of bringing to criminal responsibility for similar acts in certain foreign countries are also considered. There is a tendency to classify such crimes as terrorism-related.
Administrative mechanisms for resolving individual labour disputes in foreign countries
Authors: Iglin Aleksei Vladimirovich
Published: August 2021

According to international labor standards, the labor-management system covers all public administration bodies responsible for and/or involved in labor-management, whether they are ministerial departments or government agencies, including semipublic, regional, or local agencies, or any other form of decentralized administration, and any institutional framework for coordinating the activities of such bodies and for consultation and participation of employers and employees and their organization. In this regard, dispute resolution mechanisms through administrative departments and agencies, labor inspections, and voluntary compliance are most pronounced. The purpose of the study was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of administrative mechanisms for resolving individual labor disputes in foreign countries; to draw conclusions about the effectiveness, prospects, and legal clarity of coordination of labor disputes. When conducting research the author relies on foreign doctrine, the practice of the subjects involved in labor relations, acts of foreign legislation. Research methods: a dialectical approach to the knowledge of administrative mechanisms, allowing analyzing them in their practical development and functioning in the context of coordination of labor legal relations. The comparative legal method and dialectics determined the choice of specific research methods: comparative and formal-legal. The functions, jurisdiction, and procedures of individual labor dispute resolution mechanisms and labor inspectorates are the subject of comprehensive research because of their effectiveness in protecting workers’ rights. The article provides a detailed comparative legal analysis of the specifics of dispute resolution through administrative departments and agencies, the role of labor inspections/law enforcement, and access to justice for workers in unclear or hidden employment relationships. On the basis of a large array of regulative sources, the author concludes about the importance of administrative mechanisms in the proper enforcement of labor laws abroad.
Development of the Russian agricultural law in the context of constitutional reform
Authors: Ustyukova Valentina Vladimirovna , Tropina Daria Vladimirovna , Lebedeva Tatyana Sergeevna , Surikova Anastasia Maruanovna
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the research is to show the self-sufficiency of agricultural law as a branch of law and the need to refer agricultural legislation to the subjects of joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and its constituent territories at the constitutional level. During the research, emphasis was placed on legal comparative studies; applied were historical-legal, comparative-legal, formal-legal and other general and special methods of the scientific knowledge. The paper resulted in conclusions from the analysis of the historical and legal development of the policy management of agricultural relations in Russia; the identified features of the constitutional regulation of agricultural relations in foreign countries, as well as the designation of the subject of legal regulation of agricultural law and the specifics of the creation of a regulatory framework in the agricultural sector in the Russian Federation. The novelty of the work lies in the conclusion about the relationship between the separation of agricultural legislation at the constitutional level into a separate industry and the effectiveness of the state’s agricultural policy at the federal and regional levels.
Nuclear energy: Russia’s international treaties with other EEU members
Authors: Glikman Olga Vladimirovna , Nazarova Aziza Ulugbekovna , Filippova Alina Valeryevna , Minenkova Ekaterina Gennadyevna
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the study is to identify trends and compare the scope of multilateral and bilateral international legal regulation of relations between Russia and other Eurasian Economic Union members in the field of peaceful use of nuclear power (energy). The methodological basis of the research consists of general scientific and special legal methods. The application of these methods made it possible to subject the current national legislation in the field of nuclear energy to in-depth comparative legal analysis and to identify the prospects for its modernization. The result of the study was the absence of special provisions in the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union aimed at integration in the nuclear energy sector and the formation of a common nuclear energy market of the Eurasian Economic Union. The study’s novelty lies in the authors’ approach to the allocation and comparison of the scope and subject matter of existing international treaties of Russia with other Eurasian Economic Union members, regulating cooperation in the peaceful use of nuclear energy, which are not included in the Eurasian Economic Union law. According to the authors, despite the prospects and trends of forming the Eurasian Economic Union nuclear law noted by experts, Russia’s bilateral international agreements with other Eurasian Economic Union members will continue to play a special role in regulating relations in the nuclear energy sector.