bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding how different surfaces and environmental biofilms found in food processing plants affect the spread of COVID-19
Authors: Featherstone Austin , Brown Amanda Claire , Chitlapilly Dass Sapna
Published: June 2023

Meat processing plants have been at the center of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, with a recent report citing 90% of US facilities having multiple outbreaks during 2020 and 2021. We explored the potential for biofilms to act as a reservoir in protecting, harboring, and dispersing SARS-CoV-2 throughout the meat processing facility environment. To do this, we used Murine Hepatitis Virus (MHV), as a surrogate for SARS-CoV-2, and meat processing facility drain samples to develop mixed-species biofilms on materials found in meat processing facilities (stainless steel (SS), PVC, and ceramic tiles). After exposure to the biofilm organisms for five days post-inoculation at 7°C we conducted quantitative PCR (qPCR) and plaque assays to determine whether MHV could remain both detectable and viable. Our data provides evidence that coronaviruses can remain viable on all the surfaces tested and are also able to integrate within an environmental biofilm. Although a portion of MHV was able to remain infectious after incubation with the environmental biofilm, a large reduction in plaque numbers was identified when compared with the viral inoculum incubated without biofilm on all test surfaces, which ranged from 6.45–9.27-fold higher. Interestingly, we observed a 2-fold increase in the virus-environmental biofilm biovolume when compared to biofilm without virus, indicating that the biofilm bacteria both detected and reacted to the virus. These results indicate a complex virus-environmental biofilm interaction. Although we observed better survival of MHV on a variety of surfaces commonly found in meat processing plants alone than with the biofilm, there is the potential for biofilms to protect virions from disinfecting agents, which has implications for the potential of SARS-CoV-2 prevalence within the meat processing plant environment. Also given the highly infectious nature of SARS-CoV-2, particularly for some of the variant strains such as omicron, having even a residual level of virus present represents a serious health hazard. The increase in biofilm biovolume in response to virus is also a concern for food safety due to the potential of the same being seen with organisms associated with food poisoning and food spoilage.
Hindering and enabling factors for young employees with common mental disorder to remain at or return to work affected by the Covid-19 pandemic – a qualitative interview study with young employees and managers
Authors: Wallberg Martina , Tinnerholm Ljungberg Helena , Björk Brämberg Elisabeth , Nybergh Lotta , Jensen Irene , Olsson Caroline
Published: June 2023

Background

During the COVID-19 pandemic, changes in working life occurred, even in Sweden, where there was no general lockdown. The aim of this study was to examine how the COVID-19 pandemic was perceived as affecting the hindering and enabling factors among young employees with CMD to remain at or return to work, here as investigated from the perspective of young employees and managers.

Material and methods

A qualitative design was applied with semistructured interviews with 23 managers and 25 young employees (20–29 years old). The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, and the parts of the interviews related to the aim of this article were analysed using conventional content analysis.

Results

The hindering factors were changed working conditions, decreased well-being when spending more time at home, and uncertainty. The enabling factors were decreased demands, increased balance, and well-functioning work processes. For managers it is important to be aware of warning signals indicating blurred boundaries between work and private life, to create and maintain well-functioning communication, and leave room for recovery.

Conclusion

The hindering and enabling factors can be described as two sides of the same coin. Changes in the working conditions during the pandemic led to difficulties for both young employees and managers when the margins of maneuver were insufficient.
Does the Cambridge classification alone predict the possibility to perform echocardiographic examination in lateral recumbency in dogs affected by brachycephalic obstructive airways syndrome?
Authors: Bagardi Mara , Locatelli Chiara , Ghilardi Sara , Creta Federica , Pasquinelli Beatrice , Brambilla Paola G. , Romussi Stefano
Published: June 2023

Objectives

To evaluate if the functional grading system (Cambridge classification) of brachycephalic obstructive airways syndrome (BOAS) and the temperament score can be useful tools in predicting the feasibility of echocardiographic examination in lateral recumbency. The hypothesis is that the temperament of the dog, rather than the severity of BOAS alone, can exacerbate respiratory symptoms (dyspnea, stertor, stridor and/or cyanosis) during lateral containment.

Methods

Prospective cross-sectional study. Twenty-nine French Bulldogs were included and classified according to the Cambridge classification for the BOAS and to the Maddern score for the temperament. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to evaluate the sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of the Cambridge classification, of the temperament score and their sum to predict the feasibility of the echocardiography in lateral recumbency without dyspnea/cyanosis.

Results

8 females (27.59%) and 21 (72.41%) males French Bulldogs of 3 years (IQR25-75 1–4), and 12.45 kg (IQR25-7511.5–13.25) were included. The Cambridge classification alone was not predictive for the possibility of performing the echocardiography in lateral recumbency, unlike temperament score and the sum of the two classification indices. The diagnostic accuracy of Cambridge classification (AUC 0.81, Se 50%, Sp 100%), temperament score (AUC 0.73, Se 75%, Sp 69%), and their sum (AUC 0.83, Se 75%, Sp 85%) cut-offs was moderate for each score.

Clinical significance

The dog’s temperament, and therefore its susceptibility to stress, rather than the severity of BOAS (Cambridge classification) alone, is a good predictor of the possibility of performing the echocardiographic examination in standing instead of lateral recumbency.
Multiple Gastric Dieulafoy Lesions
Authors: Pemmada Vikas , Bhat Ganesh , Shetty Athish , Bhat Bharath Kumar , Murali Megha , Vasudevan Geetha
Published: June 2023

Dieulafoy lesions (DLs) are an uncommon nonvariceal cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. Although advanced endoscopic treatment is successful in majority, rarely radiologic intervention or surgery may be needed. Most of the reported case series described single DLs, and very limited data were available about multiple or synchronous DLs. We report a rare case of multiple DLs of the stomach refractory to repeated endoscopic interventions by hemoclips, regional diluted adrenaline injections, hemospray, and argon photocoagulation therapies and requiring total gastrectomy and roux-en-y esophagoduodenostomy surgery.
Continuity and churn: understanding and responding to the impact of teacher turnover
Authors: Menzies Loic
Published: June 2023

Teacher turnover is a long-standing and worsening problem for schools in England. Strategies to reduce turnover have been extensively researched; however, in England, fewer studies have engaged with how turnover affects students and staff, or how this impact can be mitigated. This article synthesises research suggesting that the negative impact of high turnover is linked to its corrosive impact on trust, student-centric and institutional knowledge, and collaboration and collegiality. It proposes that schools need to intentionally nurture relationships, establish routines and culture at an institutional level and create opportunities for informal professional development. It also argues that decisions about teacher allocation or assignment can drive within-school churn, undermining continuity of care. Teacher allocation decisions have a particularly negative impact on socio-economically disadvantaged and minority ethnic students, but ‘looping’ may reduce within-school churn and enhance continuity of care. Looping has been studied in several countries, but further research is needed in the English context, particularly given that teachers report being open to the strategy, if it is supported by evidence. However, as this article highlights, there are potential tensions between reducing teachers’ influence over allocation and the impact this might have on teacher satisfaction and retention, as well as potential tradeoffs between grade-specific and student-specific expertise.
Rekonstruksi Dakwah Di Media Online: Kontekstualisasi Makna Hikmah dalam Q.S. Al-Nahl: 125 Aplikasi Pendekatan Ma’na-Cum-Maghza Ma’na-Cum-Maghza
Authors: Fadhlurrahman M Bintang , Munawir Munawir , Mundzir Muhammad , Wardah Rida Sopiah
Published: June 2023

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk merekonstruksi dakwah di media online dengan menganalisis makna hikmah dalam Q.S. Al-Nahl: 125. Redaksi yang tertera dalam surah tersebut menyerukan kepada seluruh muslim agar mensyiarkan syariat Islam dengan hikmah. Namun di era kontemporer ini, jalan mensyiarkan Islam beraneka ragam, salah satunya melalui media online. Berdasarkan asumsi tersebut, perlu adanya kajian untuk membahas mengenai kontekstualisasi makna hikmah. Penulis dalam hal ini menggunakan pendekatan Ma'na-Cum-Maghza sebagai pisau analisisnya. Kesimpulan yang didapat menunjukkan: pertama makna kontekstual kata “hikmah” dijadikan sebagai landasan dalam berdakwah di media online, bahwa hikmah tidak hanya dipahami sebagai ibrah atau kesimpulan, namun hikmah memiliki makna kebaikan secara umum. Kedua makna signifikansi historis dan dinamis dari Q.S. Al-Nahl: 125 adalah menumbuhkan semangat mensyiarkan Islam. Ketiga, dalam berdakwah tidak memandang gender. Keempat, menampakkan identitas dalam berdakwah adalah nilai fundamental dalam kisah peperangan Nabi. Kelima, diam adalah salah satu upaya berdakwah untuk menjaga kemaslahatan.
[This article aims to reconstruct da'wah in online media by analyzing the meaning of wisdom in Q.S. Al-Nahl: 125. The editor listed in the surah calls on all Muslims to spread Islamic law with wisdom. However, in this contemporary era, there are various ways to broadcast Islam, one of which is through online media. Based on these assumptions, a study is needed to discuss the contextualization of the meaning of wisdom. The author in this case uses the Ma'na-Cum-Maghza approach as an analytical knife. The results of this study are, firstly, able to provide contextual meaning regarding the word wisdom as a basis for preaching in online media, that wisdom is not only understood as ibrah or conclusions, but wisdom has the meaning of goodness in general. Both the historical and dynamic significance of Q.S. Al-Nahl: 125 is to cultivate the spirit of spreading Islam. Third, in preaching does not look at gender. Fourth, showing identity in preaching is a fundamental value in the story of the Prophet's war. Fifth, silence is one of the efforts to preach to maintain the benefit.]
Arnaud Alessandrin – Sociologie des transidentités
Authors: Alessandrin Arnaud
Published: June 2023

Recensé : Arnaud Alessandrin, Sociologie des transidentités, Paris, Le Cavalier Bleu, 2023, 168 p.
Determination of Pediatric Patient Companion Dose at Thoracic X-Ray Examination
Authors: Duandini Ega , Hidayanto Eko , Budi Wahyu Setia
Published: June 2023

Thorax radiography examination in pediatric patients is one of the most frequent examinations because of many abnormalities that occur in the thorax and have a high probability at children's age. Pediatric patients are assisted by a companion from the adult patient's family. Calculation and measurement of the radiation dose received by the companion are very important as they are in the examination room with the patient during the imaging process. And no matter how small the radiation dose received by the companion, there will be an opportunity for stochastic effect. The Indonesian Nuclear Energy Regulatory Agency regulation Number 4 of the Year 2020 on Radiation Safety in the Use of X-Ray Machines in Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, regulates the dose received by patient companions must be less than 5 mSv. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the exposure factor and the radiation dose received by the patient's companion. The TLDs used to measure the radiation dose was placed on the companion's chest. The radiation dose was calculated using the Klein-Nishina formula. The results show that the dose received by the companion ranged from 0.39 × 10-5 mSv to 4.64 × 10-5 mSv, which is much lower than the permissible dose.
ANALISIS EFEKTIFITAS SIMPANG U-TURN PADA JL. LETJEN SUPRAPTO MENGGUNAKAN METODE MANUAL KAPASITAS JALAN INDONESIA 1997 (STUDI KASUS U-TURN SP PLAZA BATAM)
Authors: Karuniansyah Muhammad Fadhil
Published: June 2023

U-Turns are employed as a particular access for drivers who want to switch lanes while they're moving. However, the problem that often occurs is that this intersection can be the main cause of congestion on a road. In the case of the U-Turn intersection of Arterial Road Jl. Letjen Suprapto, to be exact, is across from SP Plaza Batu Aji. Traffic jams are often caused by this, especially in the afternoon during work hours. in accordance with the 1997 Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual, This study tries to evaluate the intersection's performance and determine whether it is the primary cause of persistent traffic congestion. The technique used to obtain data is observation and documenting. The results showed that the road capacity value was 2884.1 pcu/hour. Traffic volume value in the direction of Muka Kuning - Tg. Uncang of 1458.7 pcu/hour. 2475.4 pcu/hour in the opposite direction. 1033 vehicles were shown at 17:30-18:00 as making U-turns with an average travel time of 08'36". As a result of vehicles making u-turns, delays occur which hinder the passage of vehicles through the road segment resulting in congestion. This is the main cause of congestion on this road section with a road service value of 0.51 or a service level of C. These results indicate that the road segment is still stable, but vehicle speed is starting to be controlled. The research's conclusions can act as a guide for further investigation.
Studi luas genangan banjir pada suatu das yang memiliki bangunan tanggul(study kasus das way pisang)
Authors: PUTERI LIDYANA
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Way Pisang is a river in south Lampung Regency – Lampung, that potentially flooding every year, crossing the Penengahan, Palas and Sragi Districts. The floods that occur almost every year, has an impact on the moral and material losses to the residents who lived around the location.Flood prevention around the Way Pisang river is done by adding some embankments for its rehabilitation. The simulations of the embankment infrastructure existed carried out using HEC-RAS software. This simulations were carried out at certain locations that profiled potentially welled up at B.34 to A.76 or Sta. 01 to 109.From its modeling, resulting that the existence of an embankment with a high puddle area in year 2007, for Q10 are 270/Ha and for Q25 are 330/Ha.  Furthermore, flood inundation area flooded in year 2015 was 310/Ha for Q10 and 340/Ha for Q25.Keywords: Way Pisang, Embankment and HEC-RAS.
Pengaruh Penambahan Plastik PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) dan POFA (Palm Oil Fuel Ash) pada Campuran LASTON AC-WC terhadap Parameter Marshall
Authors: Aziz Sheva Alviano , Arifianto Achmad Aprilian , Nurdiana Asri , Susanti Riza
Published: June 2023

PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) plastic cannot be separated from everyday life, as is commonly found in bottles. The increasing use of plastic, if not managed and utilized correctly, will cause harm to the environment. On the other hand, Indonesia is rated first as a palm-producing country. Unfortunately, its become a new problem due to the waste generated. POFA (Palm Oil Fuel Ash) is palm oil waste in the form of grayish-black fine granules resulting from burning palm oil at a temperature of 800 – 1000°C. POFA waste management is needed so that it does not only become waste but has added value. In addition, the high demand for asphalt mixtures requires innovations to improve the characteristics of asphalt mixtures, such as utilizing PET and POFA waste as additives in asphalt mixtures. This research aimed to determine the marshall parameters of the AC-WC mixture added with PET and POFA, obtain the KAO value (Optimum Asphalt Content), and look for the cost efficiency of the AC-WC mixture. This study designed 45 samples with details of 15 samples to obtain the KAO value and 30 samples to determine the optimum PET content varying from 1%, 2%, and 3%, along with POFA 50% and 100 %. These samples were tested using the Marshall test referring to SNI 2489-2018. This study found that the percentage of 1% and 2% PET met the requirements of the 2018 General Specification Revision 2 with the optimum percentage of adding 2% PET plastic and 50% POFA substitution.
Kajian Kemampuan Adaptasi Industri Kecil Dan Menengah Terhadap Bencana Banjir Dan Rob: Studi Kasus Sentra Industri Bandeng Presto Kelurahan Tambakrejo Kota Semarang
Authors: Hidayatullah Syarif , Muktiali Mohammad
Published: June 2023

Tambakrejo Village is one of the villages in Semarang City with high flood and tidal potential, this is because the location of the village is adjacent to the Banjir Kanal Timur River and the Java Sea. The Tambakrejo Village by the Semarang City Government was used as one of the thematic villages for the development of regional potential, with the potential of the Tambakrejo Village being a small and medium industry, namely the Bandeng Presto center. This research was conducted to examine the adaptability capabilities of existing small and medium industries to the disasters that occurred. This research uses descriptive quantitative method with data obtained using a questionnaire from 10 business units and 47 workers. The results showed that the level of industrial adaptation is still relatively low from a total of 10 business units only 4 business units that do adaptation while from the labor side, only 12 out of a total of 47 workers, both from building adaptation, adaptation to business continuity and adaptation at the community level which makes the level of industrial resilience low.
Karakteristik Sosial Ekonomi Penghuni (Penyewa) dalam Perumahan Bersubsidi di Kecamatan Ungaran Timur
Authors: Surya Diavinci Tri , Manaf Asnawi
Published: June 2023

Subsidized housing is expected to resolve residential backlog problems but in the provision of housing emerging new problems, it’s called the backlog of ownership. The purpose of this research is to know the preferences of residents (tenants) based on the physical occupancy and the level of interest in owning a subsidized housing by reviewing socio-economic characteristics such as education level, age, number of family members, population status, type of work, income level and total expenditure in subsidized housing. The study area chosen is in the District of East Ungaran by taking four subsidized housing namely Puri Delta 5, Panorama Asri, Villa Delia and Griya Bukit Jati Sari. The method used to determine the Socio-Economic Characteristics and Preferences in Owning Subsidized Housing is a quantitative method with data collection techniques using questionnaires and observations. The number of respondents spread over 4 housing is 41 respondents. The analysis technique used in this study is descriptive statistics using crosstab analysis. Based on the results of crosstab socioeconomic characteristics that have a relationship or a relationship with the reason for residents to rent is related to economic characteristics such as the type of work, the amount of income and monthly expenditure of tenants.
Risiko Bencana Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Gambut di Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Muharrama Dwiki , Widjonarko Widjonarko
Published: June 2023

Data laporan kasus Kebakaran hutan dan lahan dari publikasi Badan Penanggulangan Bencana (BPBD) Kabupaten Kubu Raya menunjukkan bahwa sepanjang tahun 2015 hingga tahun 2019 telah terjadi sebanyak total 342 kasus kebakaran hutan dan lahan. Rata-rata total kasus karhutla mencapai 60 kasus pertahun yang tersebar pada beberapa lokasi di kecamatan yang berbeda-beda. Wilayah Kabupaten Kubu Raya dilalui bentangan Sungai Kapuas yang bercabang-cabang serta memiliki karakteristik dataran rendah dengan sebaran jenis tanah gambut yang luas dan jenis lahan didominasi lahan hutan dan kawasan perkebunan sawit. Karakteristik geografis tersebut membuat pembangunan menjadi sulit dan memengaruhi kualitas penanggulangan karhutla hingga beberapa kali kasus karhutla tidak dapat ditangani karena sulitnya akses pada sebagian wilayah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi spasial tingkat risiko bencana kebakaran hutan dan lahan.Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis spasial untuk mengkaji masing-masing variabel ancaman, kerentanan, serta kapasitas penganggulangan karhutla. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa tingkat risiko karhutla didominasi kategori risiko rendah dengan rasio 44,60%. Akan tetapi, terdapat beberapa temuan pada pengkajian variabel karhutla yang menjadi penyebab kondisi risiko karhutla menjadi tinggi seperti sebaran jenis tanah gambut serta kurang meratanya cakupan pelayanan fasilitas penanggulangan karhutla.
Analisis Karakteristik Perjalanan dan Pengguna Moda Kombinasi (Trans Jogja dan Sepeda)
Authors: Adrie Fadhilah Maretha , Dewi Diah Intan Kusumi
Published: June 2023

Permasalahan kota besar di negara berkembang seperti kemacetan dan peningkatan polusi udara menjadi salah satu isu global yang perlu diatasi segera. Integrasi angkutan umum direkomendasikan sebagai salah satu solusi yang mampu mengatasi permasalahan ini dengan mengkombinasikan penggunaan kendaraan non-motorized  sebagai feeder . Namun, penelitian mengenai pengguna dan perjalanan moda kombinasi masih belum dipelajari secara spesifik dan empiris. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hal ini secara spesifik yang bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai karakteristik perjalanan dan pengguna sebagai pertimbangan dalam penyediaan transportasi di Kota Yogyakarta. Pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner, diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa pengguna Trans Jogja didominasi oleh masyarakat dengan kelompok umur usia produktif dan berjenis kelamin perempuan. Sebagian besar dari mereka memiliki profesi sebagai Mahasiswa dengan pendapatan menengah dan memiliki maksud perjalanan menggunakan Trans Jogja untuk berwisata dengan perjalanan satu kali dalam seminggu. Selama ini, sebagian besar pengguna berjalan kaki untuk menjangkau halte dan tujuan setelah naik atau turun dari Trans Jogja. Namun beberapa dari mereka menyatakan cukup kewalahan jika jarak yang ditempuh dari asal-halte atau halte-tujuan memiliki jarak yang cukup jauh. Oleh karena itu, diusulkan penggunaan sepeda sebagai feeder  dalam mengatasi permasalahan ini, dan berdasarkan analisis persepsi, 78% pengguna Trans Jogja bersedia untuk menggunakan sepeda sebagai feeder  menuju Trans Jogja.
Efficiencies under the Digital Markets Act – Is There Space for the Rule of Reason?
Authors: Blažo Ondrej
Published: June 2023

The aim of this paper is to evaluate, if competition-like efficiencies of European-style rule of reason shall apply also in the context of the ex-ante regulation by the DMA. The rationale of such consideration lies in the concept of proportionality of the EU regulation and the assumption that EU law cannot proscribe behaviour with beneficial outcomes and effects that does not have negative consequences on the internal market outweighing the positive effects. The analysis is divided into three parts in this paper: position of the rule of law and the per se prohibition in the legal development of the EU competition law, the relationship between the DMA and competition law, including competition-based efficiencies brought in digital market cases and finally the per se prohibition included in the DMA. The analysis of the development of the case law showed that in the EU competition law the principle of per se prohibitions was never accepted and the CJEU accepted justifications outside the text of the statutory exemptions. Even though the aim of the DMA may be the introduction of a per se prohibition in order to facilitate the Commission’s enforcement, it cannot be surprising if the CJ EU will, in some case in the future, follow the path of the EU-style rule of reason in the framework of the DMA as well on the basis of proportionality principle. The lesson learned from application of rule of reason in the context of agreements restricting competition or as a specific form of objective justification in the context of abuse of dominant position does not undermine effectiveness of competition law. The quasi per se concept can satisfy both: it shows that it is not probable that such a behaviour will be allowed and at the same time it dodges proportionality objections because the prohibition is not, at least theoretically, absolutely, per se.
Google Android: Behavioural Theories of Harm in the Light of New Judgments and Regulatory Tools
Authors: Jakab Miroslav
Published: June 2023

This contribution takes a look at the recent Google Android judgement of the General Court as a case study of antitrust informed by behavioural economics – the study of not fully rational economic agents. It contrasts the General Court’s pragmatic approach to economic evidence to the U.S. Supreme Court’s willingness to delve into economic theory, where the latter can prove more of an obstacle to the development of behavioural antitrust. It further concedes that cases relying on behavioural theories of harm can prove to be less predictable from a legal standpoint. This, nevertheless, does not obviate older legal tests, which might just need to be reformulated as requiring an analysis of effects, in line with the General Court’s rhetoric on the necessity to avoid false convictions in such cases. Lastly, the contribution argues that the relevance of behavioural antitrust will not fade in its entirety with new regulatory tools addressing similar issues.
The Legal Framework of the Mandatory Cap on Market Revenues for Electricity Producers and the Solidarity Contribution in the Czech Republic and Slovakia
Authors: Karfíková Marie , Šipoš Tomáš
Published: June 2023

On 6 October 2022, the Council of the European Union adopted Regulation 2022/1854 on an emergency intervention to address high energy prices (Regulation 2022/1854). Regulation 2022/1854 establishes an emergency intervention to mitigate the effects of high energy prices through exceptional, targeted, and time-limited measures aiming to ensure the necessary solutions and respond to the current energy situation. For this purpose, three groups of measures are introduced: (i) measures aiming to reduce energy consumption, (ii) introducing a mandatory cap on market revenues for electricity producers, and (iii) introducing a solidarity contribution to be imposed on crude petroleum, natural gas, coal, and refinery companies. In this paper, the authors focus on the legal framework adopted in the Czech Republic and in Slovakia to introduce the mandatory cap on market revenues to electricity producers as well as the solidarity contribution.
An Ethically Indifferent Code of Ethics? Analysis of the Character of the Czech Bar Association’s Code of Ethics
Authors: Friedel Tomáš
Published: June 2023

The Czech Bar Association published a text which has the words “code of ethics” in its title. The aim of this paper is to determine whether the norms contained in the code are actually related to ethics or whether they concern different fields. The paper first explains the raison d’être of codes of ethics in general and briefly introduces the Czech Bar Association and the origin of its code of ethics. The principal section of the paper is dedicated to a detailed analysis of the text of the Czech Bar Association’s code of ethics applying a method used in England for similar purposes by Donald Nicolson. The analysis shows that the Czech Bar Association’s code of ethics deals with ethical issues only to a lesser extent and that it contains numerous provisions which do not deal with ethics at all. The paper proposes to remedy this unsuitable state by creating two separate codes. The first would primarily regulate ethically relevant situations in legal practice. The other code would contain “other” rules of the profession.
Zachęta do ostrożności
Authors: Szczęch Damian
Published: June 2023

Susan Schneider Świadome Maszyny. Sztuczna inteligencja i projektowanie umysłów, przeł. Joanna Bednarek, WN PWN, Warszawa 2021, ss. 249, ISBN: 978-83-012-1952-9 Celem artykułu recenzyjnego jest przybliżenie i skomentowanie treści zawartych w książce Susan Schneider Świadome Maszyny. Sztuczna Inteligencja i projektowanie umysłów wydanej w 2021 roku. Stosowaną metodą badawczą jest analiza (wydobycie z tekstu terminów i definicji oraz ich rekonstrukcja) oraz porównanie (zestawienie pojęć stosowanych przez autorkę z pojęciami używanymi w innych tekstach). Wnioski podkreślają aktualność problematyki podejmowanej przez autorkę oraz trafność jej zalecenia ostrożności podczas decydowania o modyfi kacji własnego mózgu.
Znamiona dojrzałości uczuciowej kandydatów do kapłaństwa
Authors: Derdziuk Andrzej
Published: June 2023

Ks. Łukasz Plata, Dojrzałość uczuciowa w formacji do kapłaństwa, Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL, Lublin 2020, s. 317.
Ojcostwo i macierzyństwo od poczęcia
Authors: Lichtenberg-Kokoszka Emilia
Published: June 2023

Przedmiot rozważań stanowi najwcześniejsze macierzyństwo i ojcostwo bezpośrednio związane z towarzyszeniem dziecku od poczęcia. Celem zaś jest przedstawienie procesu wzrastania kobiety i mężczyzny do rodzicielstwa od chwili poczęcia do narodzin potomka. Zastosowana analiza literatury przedmiotu pozwoliła na stwierdzenie, że współcześnie coraz częściej uważa się, że macierzyństwo i ojcostwo zaczyna się w chwili poczęcia dziecka, a nie w chwili jego narodzin. Nazwanie małżonków rodzicami dziecka w prenatalnym okresie życia powoduje, że staje się ono „pełnoprawnym”, a nie „przyszłym” dzieckiem, zarodkiem czy płodem. Kobieta i mężczyzna zaś dojrzewają w swoim macierzyństwie i ojcostwie, przy czym proces ten u obojga rozpoczyna się właśnie w chwili poczęcia, a nie narodzin dziecka.
Biomedyczna analiza śmierci dziecka w wyniku poronienia klinicznego
Authors: Guzdek Piotr
Published: June 2023

Przedmiotem opracowania jest biomedyczny wymiar poronienia klinicznego. W pracy przyjęto założenie, że analiza biomedyczna poronienia klinicznego stanowi niezbędne wprowadzenie do jego dalszej charakterystyki tanatologicznej. Za cel badań postawiono wykazanie, że już sama eksploracja uwarunkowań biomedycznych pozwala określić podstawowe predyktory odsłaniające fenomen poronienia spontanicznego jako zdarzenia tanatycznego w aspekcie psychospołecznym. W toku badań omówiono kryteria definicyjne poronienia i diagnostyczne wczesnej ciąży dla odróżnienia strat klinicznie potwierdzonych od ciąż biochemicznych. Przedłożono szacunkową częstotliwość niepowodzeń w obu kategoriach: przedklinicznych i klinicznych. Syntezę fizjologii poronienia przedstawiono na podstawie szczegółowej charakterystyki jego wielokryterialnych typologii, deskrypcji symptomatologii i patomechanizmu procesu poronnego, opisu metod diagnostycznych i form postępowania terapeutycznego. Wskazano najczęściej komentowane w literaturze położniczej czynniki etiologiczne poronień. Ze względu na przygotowanie małżonków do poczęcia dziecka po wcześniejszym niepowodzeniu wyróżniono prymarne zasady profilaktyki poronień możliwe do prostego wdrożenia w okresie prekoncepcyjnym i na początkowych etapach nowej ciąży. W wyniku przeprowadzonych analiz wyciągnięto wniosek, że sytuacja kliniczna, w której śmierć na skutek poronienia spontanicznego się dokonuje, modeluje osobliwe warunki kształtowania relacji rodziców z dzieckiem po rozpoznaniu symptomów zagrożenia jego życia, w trakcie procesu diagnostycznego, potwierdzenia śmierci i procedury terapeutycznej kończącej ciążę oraz usunięcia zwłok lub szczątków płodowych.
Screening and characterization of fungal taxol-producing endophytic fungi for evaluation of antimicrobial and anticancer activities
Authors: Pandy Rajapriya , Kumar Senthuran Suresh , Suresh Perumal , Annaraj Jamespandi , Pandi Mohan , Vellasamy Shanmugaiah , Sagadevan Suresh
Published: June 2023

Bioactive compounds produced by fungal endophytes have potential benefits, such as low cost, rapid growth, facile genetic manipulation, and industrial scale-up with fewer negative effects. Millingtonia hortensis is a valuable medicinal plant found throughout South Asia. To the best of our knowledge, no reports are available for the screening of endophytic fungal taxol in this medicinal plant. Hence, seven previously reported endophytic fungi from Millingtonia hortensis L. were used in the present study. Of these, five were found to produce taxol. The agar well diffusion method was used to assess the antibacterial and antifungal activities of partially pure fungal taxol against human and fungal pathogens. Fungal taxol effectively inhibited all tested pathogens. Based on the significant antibacterial activity, the sorting of bacterial cells against the compounds (MID6 and MID9) was analyzed by flow cytometry. MID9 showed a moderate level of cell death compared to the control. The MTT assay was used to examine the cytotoxic effects of fungal taxol against the human liver cancer cell line HepG2. A significant decrease (0.05–0.5 μM) was observed in the cell viability and IC50 dosage was fixed as 0.25 μM after 24 h of treatment. Morphological changes were also observed. From these results, we conclude that this is the first description of the taxol-yielding potential of Cochliobolus hawaiiensis. In addition, fungal taxols exhibit potential antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer effects. In the future, Cochliobolus hawaiiensis could be a new source of taxol, a revolutionary therapeutic drug.
Developing Assessment Literacy for Classroom-Based Formative Assessment
Authors: Yongqi GU Peter , LAM Ricky
Published: June 2023

Formative assessment (FA) has been increasingly recognised as a powerful tool to improve teaching and learning, and thereby increase educational effectiveness. As such, FA has been written into government directives and curriculum standards; and incorporated into teacher education programmes. At the classroom level, however, teachers have found FA a formidable task that is difficult to implement. This has been attributed to the teacher’s lack of assessment literacy, among other reasons. In this guest-editor introduction, we frame the special issue and its scope by highlighting the main issues involved. We then briefly introduce the 10 articles which we believe, taken together, advance our understanding of teacher formative assessment literacy and its development.
A Tale of Two Teachers: Construction of Novice University English Teachers’ Assessment Identity
Authors: GAN Ling , LAM Ricky
Published: June 2023

While teachers’ language assessment literacy (LAL) development has been researched exponentially, little is known about the construction of teachers’ assessment identity in their LAL development. The current study attempts to fill this gap by exploring how two novice university English teachers constructed their assessment identity in the Chinese context. Data were collected over three semesters through narrative frames, interviews, and field observations. The data revealed that the two teachers experienced a shift from not identifying themselves to be an assessor to being an assessor, along with their LAL development. They constructed their assessment identity with different trajectories. Specifically, one informant proactively made sense of her identities as an unswerving assessment practitioner and an ardent assessment explorer but preferred to label herself as a guide and “a stumbling novice assessor.” The other developed his identities as a confident feedback giver and a lenient marker, preferably identifying himself as “a life mentor.” These idiosyncratic construction trajectories were mainly influenced by teachers’ conceptions of assessment, prior assessment experiences, personal dispositions (e.g., self-efficacy, agency, reflection) and institutional requirements. Findings of this study offer insights into the under-researched area of teacher professional identity in language assessment and provide implications on how to become effective language assessors.
How Personal, Experiential, and Contextual Factors Mediate EFL Teachers’ Conceptions of Assessment: A Narrative Study
Authors: Xu Yueting , Chen Jiayu , He Liyi
Published: June 2023

While prior research suggests that teachers’ conceptions of assessment (CoA) are influenced by their personal characteristics, experiences, and specific sociocultural contexts, how these factors influence teachers’ CoA is still underexplored. This narrative study explores what teachers’ CoA are, as well as how influential factors mediate their CoA by drawing on data from narrative frames with 48 high school EFL teachers in China. Findings reveal that teachers commonly endorsed the improvement-oriented purpose of assessment. A range of factors is found to have exerted influences to different degrees on these conceptions, including personal factors (i.e., teachers’ agency in assessment), experiential factors [i.e., (anti-)apprenticeship of observation about assessment], and contextual factors (i.e., exam-oriented culture). These findings are discussed in terms of how teachers negotiate the improvement- and accountability-oriented purposes of assessment, as well as how teachers’ CoA are shaped by teacher agency, emotional experiences as assessees, and the exam-oriented culture. This paper concludes with implications for research on teachers’ CoA and policy, practice, and professional development of teacher assessment literacy.
Peer Review Circles: The Value of Working in Triadic Groups and Oral Observational Peer Feedback in the Development of Student Feedback Literacy
Authors: Yeo Marie
Published: June 2023

There has been increasing debate about the effectiveness of peer feedback, especially the way learners actively engage with and act upon the feedback (Lam, 2017). Yet research has shown that well-managed peer feedback offers a host of social, cognitive and linguistic benefits (Sun & Doman, 2018). This paper looks at the perceptions of 24 teachers of English from Myanmar who experienced and evaluated a new way of organizing the peer feedback process known as Peer Review Circles (PRCs). In PRCs, learners work in groups of three, with two giving feedback on the work of the third, who listens, reflects on and only then responds to the comments. It was found that teachers perceived this arrangement to increase the quantity, variety and reliability of feedback, create a more conducive feedback atmosphere and aid the development of “soft/transferable” skills. Respondents identified teachers’ and learners’ lack of familiarity with this new approach, time constraints and the possibility of conflicting comments as potential difficulties of PRCs. To overcome these, respondents suggested providing training to teachers and learners, especially through modelling. This paper sheds light on a different way of managing peer feedback, PRCs, highlighting the benefits of working in triadic over dyadic groups and the value of oral observational peer feedback to develop students’ feedback literacy. The key implications relate to peer review training and the need to focus not just on procedural aspects but also on developing learners’ emotional competence to help sustain their language learning within today’s educational landscape.
Effect of zinc oxide suspension on the overall filler content of the PLA/ZnO composites and cPLA/ZnO composites
Authors: Tan Mei Ai , Yeoh Cheow Keat , Teh Pei Leng , Rahim Nor Azura Abdul , Song Cheah Chie , Voon Chun Hong
Published: June 2023

This work aimed to study the effect of zinc oxide (ZnO) filler suspension on the mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of polylactic acid (PLA)/ZnO and cPLA/ZnO. Fused deposition modelling, one of the additive manufacturing methods, was used to fabricate the PLA specimen. PLA was used as the main material in this project, and the ZnO suspension was added during the printing process. The speed of the dispenser (low speed = 1,000 rpm, medium speed = 1,400 rpm, and high speed = 1,800 rpm) was the parameter that was varied to control the filler content of the composite. All the samples underwent a tensile test to determine the mechanical properties, followed by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) test to analyse the fracture surface properties of the tensile test. SEM observations showed the PLA samples’ inherent smooth appearance, but the PLA/ZnO composite showed a rougher surface. PLA and cPLA composites showed an enhanced storage modulus but lower loss modulus than the pure samples. Because of the high thermal and electrical conductivity of carbon black and ZnO, cPLA composites had higher electrical and thermal conductivity than PLA composites.
Icosapent ethyl (VASCEPA®) as treatment for post-acute sequelae of SARS CoV-2 (PASC) vaccine induced injury and infection
Authors: Cruess Sean M. , Callahan Joseph Xavier , Raso Isabella , Valencia Bryceida , Eskander Jonathan
Published: June 2023

Objectives

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, a prolonged post-infectious syndrome or “long COVID” has been reported. This is a multi-organ post viral syndrome that persists well after infection. Currently, there is no available treatment. Emerging evidence credits this “long COVID” syndrome to ongoing inflammatory response following resolution of symptoms during infection. An omega-three fatty acid derivative used in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia, Icosapent Ethyl (IPE, VASCEPA®/Epadel®), was previously shown to reduce cardiovascular risk, likely via immunomodulatory effects. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Icosapent Ethyl.

Methods

Following previous publications in treatment of severe acute COVID-19, we analyze two case studies of adults treated with Icosapent Ethyl.

Results

After experiencing the symptoms of Long Covid, both individuals analyzed across two case studies experiences a resolution of symptoms after treatment with Icosapent Ethyl.

Conclusion

After review and analysis we conclude that Icosapent Ethyl may have been a determining factor in Long COVID symptom resolution and should be studied further.
Exhaustive study on post effect processing of 3D image based on nonlinear digital watermarking algorithm
Authors: Wang Chunhua
Published: June 2023

In this work, an exhaustive study on post effect processing of three-dimensional (3D) image is carried to solve the problem of nonlinear digital watermarking algorithm. First, through the feature space decomposition method of the host image, the embedded watermark is constructed with the full row or column rank of the matrix, and then the public key is constructed by using the existence of the unitary matrix of the full row rank and column rank matrix, so that the algorithm can embed and extract the watermark in an asymmetric way. Watermark extraction correlation coefficient (ρ) value is 1. When the deformation amplitude of the model is slight and the noise intensity isσ= 0.0001, the watermark can be extracted successfully, and the watermark extraction correlation coefficient (ρ) is 0.92. In addition, the security of the algorithm is analyzed from many angles, the theoretical analysis is given, and verified by the experimental results. The proposed 3D watermarking methods are used to examine the information capacity of various 3D meshes. The 3D watermarking methods’ resistance to noise perturbation and object cropping is also investigated.
CuCl2-modified ionic liquids for alkylation of benzene with 1-dodecene
Authors: Yang Yarou , Li Xu , Dong Jinxiang
Published: June 2023

Benzene and 1-dodecene are often alkylated to produce linear alkylbenzene (LAB). LAB is the raw material for the production of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), a very important anionic surfactant used in both industrial cleaning and commercial laundry processes, as well as in household laundry detergents. In the present study, we investigated the use of [Et3NH]Cl–2AlCl3 modified with CuCl2 as a catalyst for the alkylation of benzene with 1-dodecene, specifically looking at the effect of reaction conditions on product activity. The results showed that a conversion of 1-dodecene of 100.0 % and a selectivity of LAB of 93.79 % could be obtained when the following ideal reaction conditions were present: molar ratio of benzene/1-dodecene = 6, reaction temperature = 25 °C, reaction time = 10 min, stirring speed of 1000 rpm and addition of 5.0 mol % CuCl2). The catalyst concentration was 7.0 mol %. FTIR and 31P-TMPO-NMR measurements were performed to characterise the ionic liquid before and after the addition of CuCl2. After the addition of CuCl2, it was found that the acidity of the ionic liquid had decreased. The regeneration of the catalyst was also investigated and the cause of inactivation of the catalyst was determined. The results showed that CuCl2 modified the ionic liquids and decreased the benzene/1-dodecene ratio, but the high product selectivity was maintained.
Enacting the Ombud’s Roles: A Study Based on Text Mining
Authors: Pohn-Weidinger Axel , Dahlvik Julia
Published: June 2023

What roles do ombuds institutions create through their activities? How does the creation of ombuds’ roles relate to the person of office-holders? Based on a case study of the Austrian Ombudsman Board, the present article analyses the discursive production of ombuds’ roles via a corpus of annual reports. Using the text-mining programme Alceste, the paper examines how topics are prioritised in activity descriptions, how the institutional mission is presented and put into practice, and how the complainants are described. Alceste identified a total of nine “lexical worlds” that point both to the diversity of the roles that are exercised by the ombudspersons and to the existence of three ideal types of approaches to the ombuds office. Results also highlight the fact that these different, partially interrelated roles are characteristic of certain individual organisational units and people, which indicates a personalisation of the office. At the same time, some of these roles are shared by several ombudspersons.
Human Tim8a, Tim8b and Tim13 are auxiliary assembly factors of mature Complex IV
Authors: Anderson Alexander J , Crameri Jordan J , Ang Ching‐Seng , Malcolm Tess R , Kang Yilin , Baker Megan J , Palmer Catherine S , Sharpe Alice J , Formosa Luke E , Ganio Katherine , Baker Michael J , McDevitt Christopher A , Ryan Michael T , Maher Megan J , Stojanovski Diana
Published: June 2023

Human Tim8a and Tim8b are paralogous intermembrane space proteins of the small TIM chaperone family. Yeast small TIMs function in the trafficking of proteins to the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes. This putative import function for hTim8a and hTim8b has been challenged in human models, but their precise molecular function(s) remains undefined. Likewise, the necessity for human cells to encode two Tim8 proteins and whether any potential redundancy exists is unclear. We demonstrate that hTim8a and hTim8b function in the assembly of cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV). Using affinity enrichment mass spectrometry, we define the interaction network of hTim8a, hTim8b and hTim13, identifying subunits and assembly factors of the Complex IV COX2 module. hTim8‐deficient cells have a COX2 and COX3 module defect and exhibit an accumulation of the Complex IV S2 subcomplex. These data suggest that hTim8a and hTim8b function in assembly of Complex IV via interactions with intermediate‐assembly subcomplexes. We propose that hTim8–hTim13 complexes are auxiliary assembly factors involved in the formation of the Complex IV S3 subcomplex during assembly of mature Complex IV.