bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investment case approach for equitable access to maternal neonatal and child health services: Stakeholders’ perspective in Nepal
Authors: Thapa Janak Kumar , Stöckl Doris , Sangroula Raj Kumar , Pun Asha , Thapa Meena , Maskey Mahesh Kumar , Delius Maria
Published: October 2021

Background

Investment Case is a participatory approach that has been used over the years for better strategic actions and planning in the health sector. Based on this approach, a District Investment Case (DIC) program was launched to improve maternal, neonatal and child health services in partnership with government, non-government sectors and UNICEF Nepal. In the meantime, this study aimed to explore perceptions and experiences of local stakeholders regarding health planning and budgeting and explore the role of the DIC program in ensuring equity in access to maternal and child health services.

Methods

This study adopted an exploratory phenomenography design with a purposive sampling technique for data collection. Three DIC implemented districts and three comparison districts were selected and total 30 key informant interviews with district level stakeholders and six focus groups with community stakeholders were carried out. A deductive approach was used to explore the perception of local stakeholders of health planning and budgeting of the health care expenses on the local level.

Results

Investment Case approach helped stakeholders in planning systematically based on evidence through collaborative and participatory approach while in comparison areas previous year plan was mainly primarily considered as reference. Resource constraints and geographical difficulty were key barriers in executing the desired plan in both intervention and comparison districts. Positive changes were observed in coverage of maternal and child health services in both groups. A few participants reported no difference due to the DIC program. The participants specified the improvement in access to information, access and utilization of health services by women. This has influenced the positive health care seeking behavior.

Conclusions

The decentralized planning and management approach at the district level helps to ensure equity in access to maternal, newborn and child health care. However, quality evidence, inclusiveness, functional feedback and support system and local resource utilization should be the key consideration.
Running scared: Fear and space in Amnesia: The Dark Descent
Authors: Lee Charles
Published: October 2021

Popular horror video game titles such as Outlast, Dead Space, and Amnesia: The Dark Descent are well-known for their effectiveness at evoking negative affects of terror and anxiety. The various camera tricks, control schemes, and visual cues these games deploy to confuse players and limit their sense of control and personal mastery. This article examines how Frictional Games’s Amnesia: The Dark Descent pairs confined spatial layouts with an intentionally vague user interface design to disorient players and heighten the likelihood that they will walk into one of the game’s threatening monsters. This article deploys Marxist and Affect theory conceptualizations of proximity and space to analyse how the game’s use of corners frighten players by narrowing their available field of view. The resulting analysis examines the negative feelings and subjective experiences players are likely to feel when they are unable to properly see the virtual diegetic world with absolute clarity.
Conditioned medium derived from bovine umbilical mesenchymal stem cells as an alternative source of cell-free therapy
Authors: Kusindarta Dwi Liliek , Wihadmadyatami Hevi
Published: October 2021

Umbilical cord blood (UCB) cells are an important source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). It is known that the umbilical cord is rich in hematopoietic stem cells, which influenced research on ontogeny and transplantation (allogeneic transplantation). In recent years, stem cell research has emerged as an area of major interest due to its prospective applications in various aspects of both human and veterinary medicine. Moreover, it is known that the application of MSCs has several weaknesses. The use of these cells has limitations in terms of tumorigenesis effect, delivery, safety, and variability of therapeutic response, which led to the use of secretomes as an alternative to cell-free therapy. The main obstacle in its use is the availability of human UCB as an origin of MSCs and MSCs' secretomes, which are often difficult to obtain. Ethical issues regarding the use of stem cells based on human origin are another challenge, so an alternative is needed. Several studies have demonstrated that MSCs obtained from bovine umbilical cords have the same properties and express the same surface markers as MSCs obtained from human umbilical cords. Therefore, secretomes from MSCs derived from domestic animals (bovine) can possibly be used in human and veterinary medicine. This finding would contribute significantly to improve cell-free therapy. At present, the use of UCB MSCs derived from domestic animals, especially bovines, is very restricted, and only limited data about bovine UCB are available. Therefore, the aim of this review was to provide an updated overview of cell-free therapy and discuss the new possibilities introduced by the generation of this therapy derived from bovine umbilical MSCs as a promising tool in developing modern and efficient treatment strategies.
Reflexões sobre o "pensar certo"
Authors: Godoi Evandro de
Published: October 2021

Este artigo traz uma reflexão a respeito das relações entre diversidade e discriminação de gênero tendo como espaço social a escola. Para tal abordagem trazemos a contribuição de Paulo Freire por vermos sua obra relacionada, de forma direta e indireta à temática, especialmente no que diz respeito à postura dos educadores frente a situações – problema do fazer pedagógico. Percebemos que para além das políticas públicas, a mobilização dos sistemas de ensino deverá partir de sua realidade e necessidade, constatando-se como possível ponto de partida a disponibilidade de problematizar o cotidiano e as ações dos alunos e professores, bem como deixa subjetivo a necessidade de investir-se na formação contínua dos educadores com o enfoque na temática. O texto também nos desafia a pensar que: se buscamos uma pedagogia humanizadora, ética e democrática tal qual se referencia em Freire, não podemos negligenciar as múltiplas formas de os indivíduos viverem e conviverem, sendo nosso papel, enquanto educadores, promover a discussão e problematizar os preconceitos trazidos pelos alunos, valorizando e respeitando a diversidade na escola.
A tematização sobre o corpo consciente na educação física escolar
Authors: Martins Raphaell Moreira , Nogueira Pedro Henrique Silvestre
Published: October 2021

Este estudo analisa uma proposta de sistematização denominada Corpo Consciente na Educação Física escolar ancorada na pedagogia freiriana, assim como estrutura seus objetos de conhecimento em uma sequência didática. Caracteriza-se por ser uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo e adota como estratégia metodológica a pesquisa bibliográfica, tendo como principal referência obras de Paulo Freire que utilizam o conceito estudado. Sua estrutura está subdivida em quatro tópicos, que: demarca o conceito de Corpo Consciente adotado para a Educação Física escolar; vislumbra a Unidade Temática do Corpo Consciente e seus respectivos objetos de conhecimento; expressa uma possibilidade de sistematização dessa Unidade Temática no Ensino Fundamental e no Ensino Médio; compartilha uma sequência didática oportunizada no período de ensino remoto no primeiro semestre de 2021. Conclui, portanto, que a Unidade Temática do Corpo Consciente comprova a diversidade de objetos de estudo que podem ser tematizados na Educação Física escolar; promove o retorno dos estudos sobre o Corpo, por meio de uma perspectiva freiriana e que pode efetivamente promover uma leitura das práticas corporais historicamente produzidas pela humanidade. Isso porque o Corpo Consciente consegue dialogar com a promoção da saúde coletiva e as demais unidades temáticas.
Educação e formação docente
Authors: Bem Geralda Maria de , Silva Cícero Nilton Moreira da , Reges Maria Auricélia Gadelha
Published: October 2021

A educação é fator primordial na vida do ser humano. Conforme Freire (2013), é humanizadora e conscientizadora. Freire aborda dois tipos de educação: a educação bancária, alicerçada no ensino transmissivo e fragmentário, tendo os educandos como receptores; e a outra, emancipatória, que compreende os educandos como seres ativos e reflexivos. Objetivou-se, neste artigo, refletir sobre as concepções de educação e formação docente. Utilizou-se como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica, a partir de Freire (2000, 2005, 2009, 2013), Imbernón (2016), Lopes e Amorim (2018), Scocuglia (2019). Freire defende uma formação permanente para os educadores, tendo em vista que o ser humano é um ser inconcluso, inacabado, necessitando compreender e acompanhar as mudanças que ocorrem na vida, no sistema educacional e nas relações que se estabelecem entre os homens e entre educação e sociedade. Concluímos, portanto, que a formação permanente é imprescindível ao trabalho docente, pois por meio dela o educador torna-se capaz de desenvolver sua prática pedagógica em que estejam presentes o diálogo, a escuta e o respeito aos diferentes saberes como elementos que contribuirão para uma leitura da realidade capaz de transformá-la.
Educação freireana em comunidades quilombolas e implementação do ensino de História na comunidade Manga/Iús no município de Batalha, Piauí
Authors: Marques Filho Elvis Gomes , Moraes Luiz Gustavo da Rocha , Macêdo Ingred Dayane Carvalho , Melo Francisca Maria Sousa
Published: October 2021

O processo colonizador brasileiro perpetuou uma cultura eurocêntrica, marginalizando grupos não brancos. Esse apagamento resultou no não reconhecimento de indivíduos negros e indígenas como partícipes da sociedade. Por esse motivo, em conquista dos movimentos negros, reconheceu-se a importância da educação quilombola nas escolas públicas e privadas brasileiras, a fim de perpetuar a história e cultura afro-brasileira e indígenas. Todavia, esse ensino ainda é precário, haja vista o racismo estrutural brasileiro. Esse texto busca mostrar a eficácia da aplicação da Lei nº 10.639/2003 em uma escola presente na comunidade quilombola remanescente Manga-Iús, localizada no município de Batalha, Piauí. Para a pesquisa foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica de caráter qualitativo, fundamentada nas ideias de Paulo Freire, levando em consideração seus pensamentos, e entrevistas do presidente da comunidade e do professor de história da escola pesquisada.
A epistemologia de Paulo Freire sobre a docência
Authors: Warken Aline Diniz , Martins Filho Lourival José , Melo Sonia Maria Martins de
Published: October 2021

Com o objetivo de contribuir com as reflexões acerca da docência como temática fundamental da pesquisa em educação, este artigo se propõe a pontuar interconexões dos saberes dialogados em duas disciplinas de um curso de Doutorado em Educação, com a investigação da obra Pedagogia da Autonomia, reconhecendo no pensamento freireano a epistemologia acerca da prática docente. Realizou-se um estudo exploratório e sistematizado, exaltando questões problematizadoras e buscas por categorias base para ampliação dos conceitos e compreensão do pensamento de Paulo Freire. Concluiu-se que a epistemologia do pensamento freireano se pauta em uma docência crítica, política e transformadora, em que docência e discência estão sempre em processo de simbiose. A prática docente para a autonomia requer uma práxis da inteireza que se baseia na perspectiva da riqueza da diversidade de ser humano em construção e transformação por meio da educação.
Extensão em Paulo Freire e exigências da atualidade nos setores populares
Authors: Medeiros Lucineide Barros , Silva Maria do Socorro Pereira da
Published: October 2021

O texto tem como objetivo situar as experiências de extensão universitária que se realizam pela dimensão do Popular, na Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI) – Projeto Universidade Popular –; e na Universidade Estadual do Piauí (UESPI) – Projeto Corpo de Assessoria Jurídica Popular (Coraje) –, inspirados na concepção de extensão, de Paulo Freire, que reconhece as classes populares na atualização da produção do conhecimento referenciado pelo diálogo entre saberes populares e científicos, como matriz de descolonização da extensão universitária, e na democratização da educação. A discussão encontra embasamento metodológico na pesquisa participante, de abordagem qualitativa, considerando dados documentais e experienciais das pessoas participantes de ações de extensão universitária. O método dialético orienta a análise dos dados. No suporte teórico estão, dentre outros, Freire (1983), Lyra (1996), Gadotti, (2013) e Melo (2014). Os resultados apontam que as experiências da Universidade Popular e do Coraje, como projetos de extensão, atualizam a natureza científica da universidade quanto ao seu caráter indissociável da dimensão sociopolítica da sociedade e da relação entre conhecimento científico e popular; reafirma os territórios das classes populares como base de atualização do compromisso da universidade, com a garantia dos direitos dos oprimidos do campo e da cidade como sujeitos participantes de uma ciência própria.
Saberes necessários à docência na educação superior na perspectiva da educação para todos/as
Authors: Silva Lorrane Stéfane , Campos Vanessa T. Bueno
Published: October 2021

As análises e reflexões apresentadas neste artigo são oriundas de uma pesquisa desenvolvida no período de 2019 a 2021, na Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU). A pergunta que orientou a discussão foi: quais são os saberes que os/as docentes universitários/as precisam ter para mediar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de educandos/as com deficiência? O objetivo do artigo consiste em apreender, a partir da interlocução com docentes de cursos de graduação de diferentes áreas do conhecimento da UFU, os saberes necessários para mediar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de educandos/as com deficiência. A educação progressista libertadora proposta por Freire (1981, 1987, 1996) nos inspira a pensar em uma educação inclusiva como condição de resistência a toda forma de segregação. A pesquisa exploratória com abordagem qualitativa subsidiou a construção dos dados – questionário e entrevistas semiestruturadas – a partir da interlocução com 8 docentes da UFU que lecionaram para educandos/as com deficiência. No diálogo com os/as docentes depreendemos que a inclusão de educandos/as com deficiência na Educação Superior é complexa, pois os/as docentes universitários/as assumem que não tiveram, nas formações inicial e permanente, acesso aos saberes necessários para atender as demandas do processo educacional inclusivo e promover uma educação de qualidade para todos/as.
Utopias compartilhadas em práxis
Authors: Coimbra Camila Lima , Spigolon Nima Imaculada
Published: October 2021

A utopia freireana, em seu sentido mais radical, entrelaça a ideia de humanização, liberdade e esperança. Essas palavras, quando não são apenas palavras, mas práxis, reverberam na construção de um projeto de sociedade justa, democrática, laica e inclusiva. Só afiançadas na ideia do “Estado de Direito”, conseguimos nos comprometer e lutar por uma educação transformadora, dialógica, libertadora. Assim caminhamos por horizontes de utopia!
Quem tem medo de Paulo Freire e por quê?
Authors: Santos Benerval Pinheiro
Published: October 2021

Neste artigo, buscamos identificar e apresentar dados e fatos que, de algum modo, configuram os processos de perseguição e anulação de Paulo Freire e das suas contribuições teóricas e práticas pelos grupos economicamente dominantes de nosso país. Para isso, buscamos em registros, fatos históricos e documentos oficiais embasamentos que, em conjunto, mostram-nos que as reações a Freire têm origem no seio desses grupos dominantes e que fazem parte de uma estratégia de manutenção de regalias e domínios. Avançamos até a história recente, que tem o golpe político, jurídico e midiático de 2016 como um dos passos do processo de dominação desses grupos. Em termos teóricos, buscamos embasamento em referências nos campos da História e da Educação. As teorizações e contribuições de Freire são trazidas no sentido de evidenciar pontualmente o porquê as reações a ele são tão marcantes. Em nossas conclusões, retomamos os nossos objetivos e fazemos o que podemos considerar como um exercício teórico, quando apontamos um vir a ser, algumas possibilidades interrompidas em termos de uma trajetória abortada na linha de nossa história, com o golpe de estado de 2016.
Política de avaliação externa: o discurso da qualidade ou a qualidade do discurso?
Authors: Moreira Rozemeiry dos Santos Marques , Martins Waléria Andrade
Published: October 2021

Este artigo aborda o discurso da qualidade da política de avaliação externa e a qualidade do discurso da escola com base no que se entende por qualidade da educação na Constituição Federal de 1988, na Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional de 1996 e no texto da política de avaliação externa. As peculiaridades de cada escola tendem a dificultar a interpretação do texto da política, sobretudo em relação à qualidade, por ser um conceito relacional, de modo que traduzir políticas em práticas implica sua recriação em face de contextos distintos e por diferentes sujeitos. Assim, o discurso de qualidade nem sempre ganha forma e poder naquilo que o texto enuncia, mas na representação discursiva dos que atuam na escola.
Vivências em tempos de pandemia dos principais atores do sistema escolar brasileiro: docentes, discentes e familiares
Authors: Tuboiti Nair Cristina da Silva , Laurendon Candy E. Marques , Freitas Lêda Gonçalves de , Numa-Bocage Line
Published: October 2021

Com o objetivo de observar e discutir como ocorrem as relações de ensino-aprendizagem entre docentes, discentes, familiares e escola no contexto pandêmico, analisamos seis entrevistas semiestruturadas (com pares de estudantes, educadoras e mães), extraídas de uma pesquisa sobre vivências de crianças e jovens, que, de acordo com a teoria interpretativa de Geertz (2008) e dos núcleos de significações de Aguiar e Ozella (2006), revelaram sentimentos profundos de isolamento social por parte dos discentes, mas também momentos felizes entre os familiares. As mães tentam pensar novas estratégias para suprir a falta de aulas e acompanhamento escolar em casa. Os docentes sinalizam as dificuldades de elaboração de estratégias de ensino remoto aliadas às dificuldades relacionadas ao contexto doméstico e pessoal.
A permanência dos estudantes no ensino superior em tempos de pandemia: uma análise a partir das ações de assistência estudantil da Universidade Federal do Pará
Authors: Braga Simone Bitencourt , Santos Terezinha Fatima Andrade Monteiro dos
Published: October 2021

Esse artigo analisa a permanência dos estudantes no ensino superior a partir das ações de assistência estudantil desenvolvidas pela Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) no contexto da pandemia da covid-19. Por meio de pesquisa documental se analisou os editais e instrução normativa lançados para apoiar os estudante durante o ensino remoto. Constatou-se que o acesso a esses auxílios foi restrito aos alunos considerados mais pobres, tendo em vista que os recursos destinados à Assistência Estudantil não são suficientes para atender a demanda dos mais de 85% de alunos da UFPA que são vulneráveis socioeconomicamente, ameaçando assim a permanência destes na universidade, especialmente nesse período de pandemia.
AVALIAÇÃO DA ATIVIDADE ANTIFÚNGICA DO ÓLEO ESSENCIAL DE MELALEUCA ALTERNIFOLIA CHEEL SOBRE ISOLADO CLÍNICO DE CANDIDA ALBICANS
Authors: Savani Elisa Castellani , Salvi Carolina Pasquini Praxedes , Melo Adriana de , Salvi Júnior Ademir
Published: October 2021

As leveduras do gênero Candida têm grande importância pela alta frequência com que colonizam e infectam o hospedeiro humano, sendo a espécie C. albicans a mais comum. A busca por produtos naturais que apresentem uma ação antifúngica eficiente frente a microrganismos se mostra uma alternativa para o controle de infecções. O óleo essencial de Melaleuca alternifolia Cheel (Myrtaceae) possui comprovada ação antimicrobiana contra bactérias e fungos, e tem sido apontado como uma opção para o tratamento de infecções fúngicas causadas pelo gênero Candida. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a atividade antifúngica, em diferentes concentrações, do óleo essencial comercial de M. alternifolia contra cepa de isolado clínico da espécie C. albicans. Para a avaliação da atividade antifúngica foram utilizadas concentrações de 5 a 100% do óleo essencial puro de M. alternifólia em testes de sensibilidade a antimicrobianos por discodifusão, segundo norma estabelecida pelo Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, com modificações. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, o óleo essencial apresentou atividade, inibindo o crescimento do microrganismo, com a formação de halo de inibição a partir da concentração de 25%, com variação dos halos de 3 a 17 mm. Dessa forma, pode-se dizer que a cepa do isolado clínico avaliada apresentou  sensibilidade ao óleo essencial de M. alternifolia, o que demonstra potencial antimicrobiano do óleo estudado, despertando grande interesse  farmacêutico.
“Y vi un caballo negro y el que lo montaba tenía una balanza en la mano”*. Hambrunas en la Nueva Granada, 1690-1820
Authors: Mora Pacheco Katherinne
Published: October 2021

Desde finales del siglo XVII, y con mayor frecuencia a partir de la década de 1770, diferentes lugares de la Nueva Granada se vieron asolados por sequías y plagas que incidieron en la escasez de alimentos esenciales como el trigo, el maíz, el plátano y la carne. En este artículo, las hambrunas se reconstruyen a partir de una concepción amplia de crisis de subsistencia, que no se limita a las cifras de muertes por inanición, con frecuencia difíciles de desagregar, sino a partir de un conjunto de condiciones demográficas, económicas y de control (o descontrol) social. Las menciones puntuales sobre hambrunas y los indicios de crisis de subsistencia, junto con los factores propicios para generar escasez, fueron buscados en fuentes documentales diversas, que incluyen órdenes para el abasto de las ciudades, visitas civiles y eclesiásticas, diligencias de traslado de indios y disolución de resguardos, reclamos de curas por sus pagos, procesos judiciales, relaciones de mando y solicitudes de exención tributaria. La carencia de víveres varias veces coincidió con epidemias y la hambruna fue propiciada por factores como las demandas de alimentos y materias primas impuestas por las principales ciudades, la inexistencia de graneros públicos, la supresión de resguardos, la migración a los centros urbanos, y las regulaciones sobre comercio exterior.
San Basilio de Palenque: Etnografía visual del arte urbano palenquero
Authors: Ligarretto Feo Rennier Estefan
Published: October 2021

Este trabajo constituye una aproximación inicial a la expresión del arte callejero en San Basilio de Palenque. Para ello se aborda un enfoque cualitativo de corte descriptivo con el objetivo de analizar los usos del lenguaje visual en el arte palenquero a partir de la etnografía visual y las herramientas propias del texto visual. Para ello, se analizan piezas de varios estilos del graffiti en relación con la expresión de herramientas del lenguaje visual en las prácticas sociales y culturales documentadas de la comunidad palenquera. Entre los resultados encontrados se resaltan expre-siones artísticas de resistencia y conservación de la cultura como estrategias organizativas para visibilizar las dificultades, retos y tradiciones del primer pueblo libre de América Latina.
Cuando se apaga Armero alumbran sus hijos: tragedia, magia y transformación en el norte del Tolima
Authors: Ospina Enciso Andrés Felipe
Published: October 2021

Este documento es producto de una reflexión etnográfica alrededor de las maneras de contar y recordar la tragedia que destruyó a Armero (Tolima) en 1985. La avalancha que acabó con esta ciudad, considerado como el mayor desastre natural que ha tenido Colombia, es contada por sus sobrevivientes en clave de evento mágico, sacro y transformador. En la figura de dos de los refe-rentes más distinguidos por quienes recuerdan a la tragedia: el nacimiento del niño Armerito y la muerte de la niña Omayra Sánchez, emergen formas locales del sentido trágico, pero también de la continuación de la vida en tanto se asume la muerte. Este escrito, a medio camino entre la descripción etnográfica y el ensayo narrativo, pone el énfasis en la forma en que los armeritas, los que salieron del lodo, producen la versión de lo que ha sido el fin y el reinicio de su mundo.
A multi-objective optimal decision model for a green closed-loop supply chain under uncertainty: A real industrial case study
Authors: Fang I.W. , Lin W.-T.
Published: October 2021

Green closed-loop supply chain management is an important topic for business operations today because of increasing resource scarcity and environmental issues. Companies not only have to meet environmental regulations, but also must ensure high quality supply chain operation as a means to secure competitive advantages and increase profits. This study proposes a multi-objective mixed integer programming model for an integrated green closed-loop supply chain network designed to maximize profit, amicable production level (environmentally friendly materials and clean technology usage), and quality level. A scenario-based robust optimization method is used to deal with uncertain parameters such as the demand of new products, the return rates of returned products and the sale prices of remanufactured products. The proposed model is applied to a real industry case example of a manufacturing company to illustrate the applicability of the proposed model. The result shows a robust optimal resource allocation solution that considers multiple scenarios. This study can be a reference for closed-loop supply chain related academic research and also can be used to guide the development of a green closed-loop supply chain model for better decision making.
Change impact analysis of complex product using an improved three-parameter interval grey relation model
Authors: Yang W.M. , Li C.D. , Chen Y.H. , Yu Y.Y.
Published: October 2021

Change impact evaluation of complex product plays an important role in controlling change cost and improving change efficiency of engineering change enterprises. In order to improve the accuracy of engineering change impact evaluation, this paper introduces three-parameter interval grey number to evaluate complex products according to the data characteristics. The linear combination of BWM and Gini coefficient method is used to improve the three-parameter interval grey number correlation model. It is applied to the impact evaluation of complex product engineering change. This paper firstly constructs a multi-stage complex network for complex product engineering change. Then the engineering change impact evaluation index system is determined. Finally, a case analysis was carried out with the permanent magnet synchronous centrifugal compressor in a large permanent magnet synchronous centrifugal unit to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Designing a warehouse internal layout using a parabolic aisles based method
Authors: Zhang Z.Y. , Liang Y. , Hou Y.P. , Wang Q.
Published: October 2021

Refined layout is a basis of warehousing efficiency. Straight aisle is a typical feature of current warehouse internal layouts. The purpose of this paper is to explore the possibility of using curve aisles for warehouse layout. By Choosing typical non-traditional layouts and transforming their inclined cross-aisle trajectory into parabola, two parabolic aisle layouts, parabolic Flying-V and parabolic Fishbone, are constructed. For unit-load warehouses, based on the morphological characteristic analysis and the parabolic types selection, the picking distance model and the cross-aisle length formula are presented. Interval Numerical Simulation Method (INSM) and Genetic Algorithms (GA) are adopted to solve the model respectively in order to verify the results. This research breaks through the realistic situation of straight aisle leading warehouse layout, and enriches the relevant layout theory. The calculation results of 100 warehouses with different sizes show that the picking distance of parabolic Flying-V could be reduced by 0.22-0.62 % compared with the straight layout, and the theoretical possible improvement space has been compressed by 2.42-12.26 %. Its length of cross-aisle is shortened by -0.03-3.10 %. The picking distance of parabolic Fishbone could be only reduced by 0.02-0.04 %. The theoretical possible improvement space has been compressed by 1.27-1.83 %. But its length of cross-aisle will increase by 4.63-19.50 % significantly. We believe that the layout of non-rectangular complex special-shaped warehouses based on curve trajectory aisles would become an important research topic. In addition, after some necessary modifications to the objectives and constraints, the proposed method in this paper may also be used for the arrangement of machines and devices in a workshop in principle.
Optimization of disassembly line balancing using an improved multi-objective Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Wang Y.J. , Wang N.D. , Cheng S.M. , Zhang X.C. , Liu H.Y. , Shi J.L. , Ma Q.Y. , Zhou M.J.
Published: October 2021

Disassembly activities take place in various recovery operations including remanufacturing, recycling, and disposal. Product disassembly is an effective way to recycle waste products, and it is a necessary condition to make the product life cycle complete. According to the characteristics of the product disassembly line, based on minimizing the number of workstations and balancing the idle time in the station, the harmful index, the demand index, and the number of direction changes are proposed as new optimization objectives. So based on the analysis of the traditional genetic algorithm into the precocious phenomenon, this paper constructed the multi-objective relationship of the disassembly line balance problem. The disassembly line balance problem belongs to the NP-hard problem, and the intelligent optimization algorithm shows excellent performance in solving this problem. Considering the characteristics of the traditional method solving the multi-objective disassembly line balance problem that the solution result was single and could not meet many objectives of balance, a multi-objective improved genetic algorithm was proposed to solve the model. The algorithm speeds up the convergence speed of the algorithm. Based on the example of the basic disassembly task, by comparing with the existing single objective heuristic algorithm, the multi-objective improved genetic algorithm was verified to be effective and feasible, and it was applied to the actual disassembly example to obtain the balance optimization scheme. Two case studies are given: a disassembly process of the automobile engine and a disassembly of the computer components.
Sex‐dependent acrolein sensitivity in mice is associated with differential lung cell, protein, and transcript changes
Authors: Bein Kiflai , Birru Rahel L. , Wells Heather , Larkin Theodore P. , Ge Tengziyi , Leikauf George D.
Published: October 2021

Acrolein is a reactive inhalation hazard. Acrolein’s initial interaction, which in itself can be function‐altering, is followed by time‐dependent cascade of complex cellular and pulmonary responses that dictate the severity of the injury. To investigate the pathophysiological progression of sex‐dependent acrolein‐induced acute lung injury, C57BL/6J mice were exposed for 30 min to sublethal, but toxic, and lethal acrolein. Male mice were more sensitive than female mice. Acrolein of 50 ppm was sublethal to female but lethal to male mice, and 75 ppm was lethal to female mice. Lethal and sublethal acrolein exposure decreased bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) total cell number at 3 h after exposure. The cell number decrease was followed by progressive total cell and neutrophil number and protein increases. The BAL total cell number in female mice exposed to a sublethal, but not lethal dose, returned to control levels at 16 h. In contrast, BAL protein content and neutrophil number were higher in mice exposed to lethal compared to sublethal acrolein. RNASeq pathway analysis identified greater increased lung neutrophil, glutathione metabolism, oxidative stress responses, and CCL7 (aka MCP‐3), CXCL10 (aka IP‐10), and IL6 transcripts in males than females, whereas IL10 increased more in female than male mice. Thus, the IL6:IL10 ratio, an indicator of disease severity, was greater in males than females. Further, H3.3 histone B (H3F3B) and pro‐platelet basic protein (PPBP aka CXCL7), transcripts increased in acrolein exposed mouse BAL and plasma at 3 h, while H3F3B protein that is associated with neutrophil extracellular traps formation increased at 12 h. These results suggest that H3F3B and PPBP transcripts increase may contribute to extracellular H3F3B and PPBP proteins increase.
Impact of the operation of LNG trucks on the environment
Authors: Gnap Jozef , Dočkalik Marek
Published: October 2021

The significance and importance of road freight transport in society are certainly unquestionable. As in most sectors of the economy, road freight transport has an impact on the environment. The EU seeks to eliminate, as far as possible, the negative environmental impacts of various sectors. For these reasons, several EU commitments have been made in the future to reduce emissions so that road haulage vehicles are also more environmentally friendly. Trucks that use alternative fuels, such as natural gas, are already in use today. The EU attaches importance to reducing CO2 production, and this contribution also pays particular attention to the production of CO2 vehicles using liquefied natural gas (LNG) fuel compared to vehicles using standard diesel. The results show that when operating vehicles using LNG, it is possible to achieve lower CO2 production and at the same time lower vehicle noise, which is an advantage when operating vehicles in cities.
Life sciences and mass spectrometry: some personal reflections
Authors: Peter-Katalinic Jasna
Published: October 2021

Molecular analysis of biological systems by mass spectrometry was in focus of technological developments in the second half of the 20th century, in which the issues of chemical identification of high molecular diversity by biophysical instrumental methods appeared as a mission impossible. By developing dialogs between researchers dealing with life sciences and medicine on one side and technology developers on the other, new horizons toward deciphering, identifying and quantifying of complex systems became a reality. Contributions toward this goal can be today considered as pioneering efforts delivered by a number of researchers, including generations of motivated students and associates.
Solvability of a nonlinear three-dimensional system of difference equations with constant coefficients
Authors: Kara Merve , Yazlik Yasin
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we show that the following three-dimensional system of difference equations

x

n
+
1

=

y

n

x

n
−
2

a

x

n
−
2

+
b

z

n
−
1

,

y

n
+
1

=

z

n

y

n
−
2

c

y

n
−
2

+
d

x

n
−
1

,

z

n
+
1

=

x

n

z

n
−
2

e

z

n
−
2

+
f

y

n
−
1

,

n
∈

N

0

,

$$\begin{equation*}x_{n+1}=\frac{y_{n}x_{n-2}}{ax_{n-2}+bz_{n-1}}, \quad y_{n+1}=\frac{z_{n}y_{n-2}}{cy_{n-2}+dx_{n-1}}, \quad z_{n+1}=\frac{x_{n}z_{n-2}}{ez_{n-2}+fy_{n-1}}, \quad n\in \mathbb{N}_{0},\end{equation*}$$

where the parameters a, b, c, d, e, f and the initial values x
−i
, y
−i
, z
−i
, i ∈ {0, 1, 2}, are complex numbers, can be solved, extending further some results in the literature. Also, we determine the forbidden set of the initial values by using the obtained formulas. Finally, an application concerning a three-dimensional system of difference equations are given.
On the homological and algebraical properties of some Feichtinger algebras
Authors: Rejali Ali , Sabzali Navid
Published: October 2021

Let G be a locally compact group (not necessarily abelian) and B be a homogeneous Banach space on G, which is in a good situation with respect to a homogeneous function algebra on G. Feichtinger showed that there exists a minimal Banach space B
min in the family of all homogenous Banach spaces C on G, containing all elements of B with compact support. In this paper, the amenability and super amenability of B
min with respect to the convolution product or with respect to the pointwise product are showed to correspond to amenability, discreteness or finiteness of the group G and conversely. We also prove among other things that B
min is a symmetric Segal subalgebra of L
1(G) on an IN-group G, under certain conditions, and we apply our results to study pseudo-amenability and some other homological properties of B
min on IN-groups. Furthermore, we determine necessary and sufficient conditions on A under which

A

min

$\mathcal{A}_{\min}$

with the pointwise product is an abstract Segal algebra or Segal algebra in A, whenever A is a homogeneous function algebra with an approximate identity. We apply these results to study amenability of some Feichtinger algebras with respect to the pointwise product.
Resonance-forbidden second-harmonic generation in nonlinear photonic crystals
Authors: Jin Jicheng , Lu Jian , Zhen Bo
Published: October 2021

Second harmonic generation through nonlinear nano-photonic structures is important in both classical and quantum applications. It is commonly expected that the second harmonic frequency can always be generated as long as appropriate quadratic nonlinearity is provided by the material and the phase-matching condition is satisfied. Here, we present an anomaly to this common wisdom by showing that second-harmonic dipoles generated in a nonlinear photonic crystal slab can be completely nonradiative. As a result, no energy is transferred from the fundamental frequency to the second harmonic even when the phase-matching condition is satisfied – a phenomenon we call “resonance-forbidden second-harmonic generation”. Through numerical simulation, we identify two mechanisms that can achieve this phenomenon: symmetry protection and parameter tuning. The finite-size effect and the topological origin of this phenomenon are also discussed.
A regularized isothermal phase-field model of two-phase solid–fluid mixture and its spatial dissipative discretization equations
Authors: Balashov Vladislav
Published: October 2021

The present paper is devoted to a model describing a two-phase isothermal mixture, in which one of the phases obeys solid-like (namely, elastic) rheology. A fully Eulerian description is considered. To describe the stress–strain behaviour of the solid phase the elastic energy term is added to the Helmholtz free energy. The term depends on Almansi strain tensor. In its turn, the strain tensor is defined as the solution of the corresponding evolutionary equation. Considered model belongs to the phase field family. Formally it describes two-component mixture and uses mass densities of the components as order parameters. A distinctive feature of the considered model is its preliminary regularization according to the quasi-hydrodynamic framework. The dissipativity in total energy is proved when periodic boundary conditions are imposed. A spatial dissipative semi-discrete (continuous in time and discrete in space) scheme based on staggered grids is suggested. The theoretical results remain valid in the absence of the regularization. The results of a numerical study in a 2D setting are presented.
New correlative randomized algorithms for statistical modelling of radiation transfer in stochastic medium
Authors: Mikhailov Guennady A. , Medvedev Ilia N.
Published: October 2021

Correlative randomized algorithms are constructed by simple randomization of the algorithm of maximum cross-section (equalization, delta tracking) with the use of a one-dimensional distribution and the correlation function or only correlation length of a random medium. The value of the used correlation length can be adjusted using simple test studies. The calculations carried out confirmed the practical effectiveness of the new algorithms.
Die ‚Freirechtler‘ als Intellektuellengruppe betrachtet
Authors: Boehncke Clemens
Published: October 2021

Die sogenannten ‚Freirechtler‘ spielen eine entscheidende Rolle während des Aufeinandertreffens von Soziologie und Jurisprudenz Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts. Im Beitrag wird gezeigt, dass sie charakteristische Strukturmerkmale einer Intellektuellengruppe aufweisen, wie sie idealtypisch von Jürgen Frese und Wolfgang Eßbach entworfen wurden. Konzentriert wird sich hierbei auf den überindividuellen Zusammenhang zwischen Hermann Kantorowicz, Gustav Radbruch, Theodor Sternberg, Ernst Fuchs und Eugen Ehrlich in den Jahren zwischen 1903 und 1914. Zunächst werden die sozialen Wandlungsprozesse insbesondere innerhalb von Rechtsleben und Rechtswissenschaft um 1900 geschildert, die den ‚Nährboden‘ dieser Art von (Intellektuellen-)Gruppenbildung darstellen. Daran anschließend werden drei typische innere Merkmale geschildert: Man argumentierte aus einer (verschiedentlich bedingten) marginalisierten Position innerhalb der Rechtswissenschaft heraus; man bediente sich zur Selbstinszenierung einer Grammatik, mit der man sich selbst in den Zusammenhang mit der häretischen Linie des Christentums stellte; man hatte durch ein gemeinsames Treffen in Heidelberg im Jahr 1910 als Gruppe ein ‚Pfingsterlebnis‘. Zugleich scheiterten alle Versuche, den Gruppenzusammenhang zu institutionalisieren.
Altered Response Dynamics and Increased Population Correlation to Tonal Stimuli Embedded in Noise in Aging Auditory Cortex
Authors: Shilling-Scrivo Kelson , Mittelstadt Jonah , Kanold Patrick O.
Published: October 2021

Age-related hearing loss (presbycusis) is a chronic health condition that affects one-third of the world population. One hallmark of presbycusis is a difficulty hearing in noisy environments. Presbycusis can be separated into two components: alterations of peripheral mechanotransduction of sound in the cochlea and central alterations of auditory processing areas of the brain. Although the effects of the aging cochlea in hearing loss have been well studied, the role of the aging brain in hearing loss is less well understood. Therefore, to examine how age-related central processing changes affect hearing in noisy environments, we used a mouse model (Thy1-GCaMP6s X CBA) that has excellent peripheral hearing in old age. We usedin vivotwo-photon Ca2+imaging to measure the responses of neuronal populations in auditory cortex (ACtx) of adult (2–6 months, nine male, six female, 4180 neurons) and aging mice (15–17 months, six male, three female, 1055 neurons) while listening to tones in noisy backgrounds. We found that ACtx neurons in aging mice showed larger responses to tones and have less suppressed responses consistent with reduced inhibition. Aging neurons also showed less sensitivity to temporal changes. Population analysis showed that neurons in aging mice showed higher pairwise activity correlations and showed a reduced diversity in responses to sound stimuli. Using neural decoding techniques, we show a loss of information in neuronal populations in the aging brain. Thus, aging not only affects the responses of single neurons but also affects how these neurons jointly represent stimuli.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAging results in hearing deficits particularly under challenging listening conditions. We show that auditory cortex contains distinct subpopulations of excitatory neurons that preferentially encode different stimulus features and that aging selectively reduces certain subpopulations. We also show that aging increases correlated activity between neurons and thereby reduces the response diversity in auditory cortex. The loss of population response diversity leads to a decrease of stimulus information and deficits in sound encoding, especially in noisy backgrounds. Future work determining the identities of circuits affected by aging could provide new targets for therapeutic strategies.
Disrupting Epileptiform Activity by Preventing Parvalbumin Interneuron Depolarization Block
Authors: Călin Alexandru , Ilie Andrei S. , Akerman Colin J.
Published: October 2021

Inhibitory synaptic mechanisms oppose epileptic network activity in the brain. The breakdown in this inhibitory restraint and propagation of seizure activity has been linked to the overwhelming of feedforward inhibition, which is provided in large part by parvalbumin-expressing (PV) interneurons in the cortex. The underlying cellular processes therefore represent potential targets for understanding and preventing the propagation of seizure activity. Here we use an optogenetic strategy to test the hypothesis that depolarization block in PV interneurons is a significant factor during the loss of inhibitory restraint. Depolarization block results from the inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels and leads to impaired action potential firing. We used focal NMDA stimulation to elicit reproducible epileptiform discharges in hippocampal organotypic brain slices from male and female mice and combined this with targeted recordings from defined neuronal populations. Simultaneous patch-clamp recordings from PV interneurons and pyramidal neurons revealed epileptiform activity that was associated with an overwhelming of inhibitory synaptic mechanisms and the emergence of a partial, and then complete, depolarization block in PV interneurons. To counteract this depolarization block, we developed protocols for eliciting pulsed membrane hyperpolarization via the inhibitory opsin, archaerhodopsin. This optical approach was effective in counteracting cumulative inactivation of voltage-gated channels, maintaining PV interneuron action potential firing properties during the inhibitory restraint period, and reducing the probability of initiating epileptiform activity. These experiments support the idea that depolarization block is a point of weakness in feedforward inhibitory synaptic mechanisms and represents a target for preventing the initiation and spread of seizure activity.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTGABAAreceptor-mediated synaptic transmission opposes seizure activity by establishing an inhibitory restraint against spreading excitation. Parvalbumin-expressing (PV) interneurons contribute significantly to this inhibitory restraint, but it has been suggested that these cells are overwhelmed as they enter a state of “depolarization block.” Here we test the importance of this process by devising an optogenetic strategy to selectively relieve depolarization block in PV interneurons. By inducing brief membrane hyperpolarization, we show that it is possible to reduce depolarization block in PV interneurons, maintain their action potential firing in the face of strong excitation, and disrupt epileptiform activity in anin vitromodel. This represents a proof of principle that targeting rate-limiting processes can strengthen the inhibitory restraint of epileptiform activity.