bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of tranexamic acid with decreased blood loss in patients undergoing laminectomy and fusion with posterior instrumentation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Brown Nolan J. , Choi Elliot H. , Gendreau Julian L. , Ong Vera , Himstead Alexander , Lien Brian V. , Shahrestani Shane , Ransom Seth C. , Tran Katelynn , Tafreshi Ali R. , Sahyouni Ronald , Chan Alvin , Oh Michael Y.
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic agent associated with reduced blood loss and mortality in a wide range of procedures, including spine surgery, traumatic brain injury, and craniosynostosis. Despite this wide use, the safety and efficacy of TXA in spine surgery has been considered controversial due to a relative scarcity of literature and lack of statistical power in reported studies. However, if TXA can be shown to reduce blood loss in laminectomy with fusion and posterior instrumentation, more surgeons may include it in their armamentarium. The authors aimed to conduct an up-to-date systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of TXA in reducing blood loss in laminectomy and fusion with posterior instrumentation.

METHODS

A systematic review and meta-analysis, abiding by PRISMA guidelines, was performed by searching the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane. These platforms were queried for all studies reporting the use of TXA in laminectomy and fusion with posterior instrumentation. Variables retrieved included patient demographics, surgical indications, involved spinal levels, type of laminectomy performed, TXA administration dose, TXA route of administration, operative duration, blood loss, blood transfusion rate, postoperative hemoglobin level, and perioperative complications. Heterogeneity across studies was evaluated using a chi-square test, Cochran’s Q test, and I2 test performed with R statistical programming software.

RESULTS

A total of 7 articles were included in the qualitative study, while 6 articles featuring 411 patients underwent statistical analysis. The most common route of administration for TXA was intravenous with 15 mg/kg administered preoperatively. After the beginning of surgery, TXA administration patterns were varied among studies. Blood transfusions were increased in non-TXA cohorts compared to TXA cohorts. Patients administered TXA demonstrated a significant reduction in blood loss (mean difference −218.44 mL; 95% CI −379.34 to −57.53; p = 0.018). TXA administration was not associated with statistically significant reductions in operative durations. There were no adverse events reported in either the TXA or non-TXA patient cohorts.

CONCLUSIONS

TXA can significantly reduce perioperative blood loss in cervical, thoracic, and lumbar laminectomy and fusion procedures, while demonstrating a minimal complication profile.
Effects of the difference between lumbar lordosis in the supine and standing positions on the clinical outcomes of decompression surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis
Authors: Nakano Shiho , Inoue Masahiro , Takahashi Hiroshi , Kubota Go , Saito Junya , Norimoto Masaki , Koyama Keita , Watanabe Atsuya , Nakajima Takayuki , Sato Yusuke , Ohyama Shuhei , Orita Sumihisa , Eguchi Yawara , Inage Kazuhide , Shiga Yasuhiro , Sonobe Masato , Nakajima Arata , Ohtori Seiji , Nakagawa Koichi , Aoki Yasuchika
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

The authors sought to evaluate the relationship between the difference in lumbar lordosis (DiLL) in the preoperative supine and standing positions and spinal sagittal alignment in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) and to determine whether this difference affects the clinical outcome of laminectomy.

METHODS

Sixty patients who underwent single-level unilateral laminectomy for bilateral decompression of LSS were evaluated. Spinopelvic parameters in the supine and standing positions were measured preoperatively and at 3 months and 2 years postoperatively. DiLL between the supine and standing positions was determined as follows: DiLL = supine LL − standing LL. On the basis of this determination patients were then categorized into DiLL(+) and DiLL(−) groups. The relationship between DiLL and preoperative spinopelvic parameters was evaluated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. In addition, clinical outcomes such as visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores between the two groups were measured, and their relationship to DiLL was evaluated using two-group comparison and multivariate analysis.

RESULTS

There were 31 patients in the DiLL(+) group and 29 in the DiLL(−) group. DiLL was not associated with supine LL but was strongly correlated with standing LL and pelvic incidence (PI) − LL (PI − LL). In the preoperative spinopelvic alignment, LL and SS in the standing position were significantly smaller in the DiLL(+) group than in the DiLL(−) group, and PI − LL was significantly higher in the DiLL(+) group than in the DiLL(−) group. There was no difference in the clinical outcomes 3 months postoperatively, but low-back pain, especially in the sitting position, was significantly higher in the DiLL(+) group 2 years postoperatively. DiLL was associated with low-back pain in the sitting position, which was likely to persist in the DiLL(+) group postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONS

We evaluated the relationship between DiLL and spinal sagittal alignment and the influence of DiLL on postoperative outcomes in patients with LSS. DiLL was strongly correlated with PI − LL, and in the DiLL(+) group, postoperative low-back pain relapsed. DiLL can be useful as a new spinal alignment evaluation method that supports the conventional spinal sagittal alignment evaluation.
Influence of severity and level of injury on the occurrence of complications during the subacute and chronic stage of traumatic spinal cord injury: a systematic review
Authors: Adegeest Charlotte Y. , van Gent Jort A. N. , Stolwijk-Swüste Janneke M. , Post Marcel W. M. , Vandertop William P. , Öner F. Cumhur , Peul Wilco C. , Wengel Paula V. ter
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

Secondary health conditions (SHCs) are long-term complications that frequently occur due to traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) and can negatively affect quality of life in this patient population. This study provides an overview of the associations between the severity and level of injury and the occurrence of SHCs in tSCI.

METHODS

A systematic search was conducted in PubMed and Embase that retrieved 44 studies on the influence of severity and/or level of injury on the occurrence of SHCs in the subacute and chronic phase of tSCI (from 3 months after trauma). The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed.

RESULTS

In the majority of studies, patients with motor-complete tSCI (American Spinal Injury Association [ASIA] Impairment Scale [AIS] grade A or B) had a significantly increased occurrence of SHCs in comparison to patients with motor-incomplete tSCI (AIS grade C or D), such as respiratory and urogenital complications, musculoskeletal disorders, pressure ulcers, and autonomic dysreflexia. In contrast, an increased prevalence of pain was seen in patients with motor-incomplete injuries. In addition, higher rates of pulmonary infections, spasticity, and autonomic dysreflexia were observed in patients with tetraplegia. Patients with paraplegia more commonly suffered from hypertension, venous thromboembolism, and pain.

CONCLUSIONS

This review suggests that patients with a motor-complete tSCI have an increased risk of developing SHCs during the subacute and chronic stage of tSCI in comparison with patients with motor-incomplete tSCI. Future studies should examine whether systematic monitoring during rehabilitation and the subacute and chronic phase in patients with motor-complete tSCI could lead to early detection and potential prevention of SHCs in this population.
Outcomes and complications of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Jonathan , Rabin Erik E. , Stricsek Geoffrey P. , Swong Kevin N.
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) may be used to treat degenerative spinal pathologies while reducing risks associated with open procedures. As an increasing number of lumbar fusions are performed in the aging United States population, MIS-TLIF has been widely adopted into clinical practice in recent years. However, its complication rate and functional outcomes in elderly patients remain poorly characterized. The objective of this study was to assess complication rates and functional outcomes in elderly patients (≥ 65 years old) undergoing MIS-TLIF.

METHODS

The PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched for relevant records in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed original research; English language; full text available; use of MIS-TLIF; and an elderly cohort of at least 5 patients. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I (Risk of Bias in Nonrandomized Studies—of Interventions) tool. Pooled complication rates were calculated for elderly patients, with subgroup analyses performed for single versus multiple-level fusions. Complication rates in elderly compared to nonelderly patients were also assessed. Postoperative changes in patient-reported outcomes, including Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and visual analog scale (VAS) back pain (BP) and leg pain (LP) scores, were calculated.

RESULTS

Twelve studies were included in the final analysis. Compared to nonelderly patients, MIS-TLIF in elderly patients resulted in significantly higher rates of major (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.07–4.34) and minor (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.22–3.95) complications. The pooled major complication rate in elderly patients was 0.05 (95% CI 0.03–0.08) and the pooled minor complication rate was 0.20 (95% CI 0.13–0.30). Single-level MIS-TLIF had lower major and minor complication rates than multilevel MIS-TLIF, although not reaching significance. At a minimum follow-up of 6 months, the postoperative change in ODI (−30.70, 95% CI −41.84 to −19.55), VAS-BP (−3.87, 95% CI −4.97 to −2.77), and VAS-LP (−5.11, 95% CI −6.69 to −3.53) in elderly patients all exceeded the respective minimum clinically important difference. The pooled rate of fusion was 0.86 (95% CI 0.80–0.90).

CONCLUSIONS

MIS-TLIF in elderly patients results in a high rate of fusion and significant improvement of patient-reported outcomes, but has significantly higher complication rates than in nonelderly patients. Limitations of this study include heterogeneity in the definition of elderly and limited reporting of risk factors among included studies. Further study of the impact of complications and the factors predisposing elderly patients to poor outcomes is needed.
Complications of neuroendoscopic septostomy
Authors: Atchley Travis J. , Sowers Blake , Arynchyna Anastasia A. , Rozzelle Curtis J. , Rocque Brandon G.
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

The advent of neuroendoscopy revolutionized the management of complex hydrocephalus. Fenestration of the septum pellucidum (septostomy) is often a therapeutic and/or necessary intervention in neuroendoscopy. However, these procedures are not without risk. The authors sought to record the incidence and types of complications. They attempted to discern if there was decreased likelihood of septostomy complications in patients who underwent endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV)/choroid plexus cauterization (CPC) as compared with those who underwent other procedures and those with larger ventricles preoperatively. The authors investigated different operative techniques and their possible relationships to septostomy complications.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively reviewed all neuroendoscopic procedures with Current Procedural Terminology code 62161 performed from January 2003 until June 2019 at their institution. Septostomy, either alone or in conjunction with other procedures, was performed in 118 cases. Basic demographic characteristics, clinical histories, operative details/findings, and adverse events (intraoperative and postoperative) were collected. Pearson chi-square and univariate logistic regression analyses were performed. Patients with incomplete records were excluded.

RESULTS

Of 118 procedures, 29 (24.5%) septostomies had either intraoperative or postoperative complications. The most common intraoperative complication was bleeding, as noted in 12 (10.2%) septostomies. Neuroendocrine dysfunction, including apnea, bradycardia, neurological deficit, seizure, etc., was the most common postoperative complication and seen after 15 (12.7%) procedures. No significant differences in complications were noted between ventricular size or morphology or between different operative techniques or ventricular approaches. There was no significant difference between the complication rate of patients who underwent ETV/CPC and that of patients who underwent septostomy as a part of other procedures. Greater length of surgery (OR 1.013) was associated with septostomy complications.

CONCLUSIONS

Neuroendoscopy for hydrocephalus due to varying etiologies provides significant utility but is not without risk. The authors did not find associations between larger ventricular size or posterior endoscope approach and lower complication rates, as hypothesized. No significant difference in complication rates was noted between septostomy performed during ETV/CPC and other endoscopic procedures requiring septostomy.
Prospective multicenter study of minimally invasive surgery for the treatment of adult spinal deformity
Authors: Mundis Gregory M. , Godzik Jakub , Park Paul , Fu Kai-Ming , Tran Stacie , Uribe Juan S. , Wang Michael Y. , Than Khoi D. , Okonkwo David O. , Kanter Adam S. , Nunley Pierce D. , Anand Neel , Fessler Richard G. , Chou Dean , Lafage Renaud , Eastlack Robert K. , _ _
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

Traditional surgery for adult spinal deformity (ASD) is effective but may result in exposure-related morbidity. Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) can potentially minimize this morbidity; however, high-level evidence is lacking. This study presents the first prospective multicenter investigation of MIS approaches for ASD.

METHODS

A prospective multicenter study was conducted. Inclusion criteria were age ≥ 18 years, with at least one of the following radiographic criteria: coronal Cobb (CC) angle ≥ 20°, sagittal vertical axis (SVA) > 5 cm, pelvic tilt (PT) > 25°, and thoracic kyphosis > 60°. Additional inclusion criteria were circumferential MIS, including interbody fusion (transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion [TLIF], lateral lumbar interbody fusion [LLIF], or anterior lumbar interbody fusion [ALIF]) with percutaneous posterior fixation on a minimum of 4 intervertebral levels. Radiographic and clinical outcomes (visual analog scale [VAS], Oswestry Disability Index [ODI], and Scoliosis Research Society–22 [SRS-22]) were collected preoperatively and at 12 months postoperatively; preoperative and postoperative values were compared using paired Student t-tests.

RESULTS

Seventy-five patients with a minimum 1-year follow-up were identified (75 of 111; 67.6%). The mean ± SD age was 68.8 ± 9.0 years, and 48 patients (64%) were female. Patients underwent a mean of 6.7 ± 2.9 levels of fusion with LLIF (85%), ALIF (55%), and TLIF (9%); the mean estimated blood loss was 547.6 ± 567.2 mL, and the mean length of stay was 7.0 ± 3.7 days. Significant improvements were observed in ODI (−19 ± 12.9, p < 0.001), SRS-22 (0.8 ± 0.66, p < 0.001), VAS back (−4.3 ± 2.8, p < 0.001), and VAS leg (−3.0 ± 3.2, p < 0.001) scores. Significant decreases in SVA (−26.4 ± 53.6 mm; p < 0.001), pelvic incidence–lumbar lordosis (−11.3° ± 14.9°, p < 0.001), and CC angle (−12.1° ± 11.8°, p < 0.001) were also observed. Complications occurred in 39 patients (52%); 11 patients (15%) experienced major complications, and 16 patients (21%) required reoperation.

CONCLUSIONS

MIS approaches for ASD resulted in meaningful symptomatic improvement. The complication rates were similar to historic norms, with a fairly high reoperation rate at 1 year. Longer follow-up will be necessary to evaluate the durability of this approach in the treatment of ASD.
Care for Chiari malformation type I: the role of socioeconomic disadvantage and race
Authors: Akbari Syed Hassan A. , Oates Gabriela R. , Gonzalez-Sigler Irina , Arynchyna Anastasia A. , McCroskey Justin , Alford Elizabeth N. , Leon Tofey J. , Rutland Sarah , Johnston James M. , Blount Jeffrey P. , Rozzelle Curtis J. , Rocque Brandon G.
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

There is little research on the effect of social determinants of health on Chiari malformation type I (CM-I). The authors analyzed data on all children evaluated for CM-I at a single institution to assess how socioeconomic factors and race affect the surgical treatment of this population.

METHODS

Medical records of patients treated for CM-I at the authors’ institution between 1992 and 2017 were reviewed. Area Deprivation Index (ADI) and Rural-Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) codes for each patient were used to measure neighborhood disadvantage. Non-Hispanic White patients were compared to non-White patients and Hispanic patients of any race (grouped together as non-White in this study) in terms of insurance status, ADI, and RUCA. Patients with initially benign CM-I, defined as not having undergone surgery within 9 months of their initial visit, were then stratified by having delayed symptom presentation or not, and compared on these same measures.

RESULTS

The sample included 665 patients with CM-I: 82% non-Hispanic White and 18% non-White. The non-White patients were more likely to reside in disadvantaged (OR 3.4, p < 0.001) and urban (OR 4.66, p < 0.001) neighborhoods and to have public health insurance (OR 3.11, p < 0.001). More than one-quarter (29%) of patients underwent surgery. The non-White and non-Hispanic White patients had similar surgery rates (29.5% vs 28.9%, p = 0.895) at similar ages (8.8 vs 9.7 years, p = 0.406). There were no differences by race/ethnicity for symptoms at presentation. Surgical and nonsurgical patients had similar ADI scores (3.9 vs 4.2, p = 0.194), RUCA scores (2.1 vs 2.3, p = 0.252), and private health insurance rates (73.6% vs 74.2%, p = 0.878). A total of 153 patients underwent surgery within 9 months of their initial visit. The remaining 512 were deemed to have benign CM-I. Of these, 40 (7.8%) underwent decompression surgery for delayed symptom presentation. Patients with delayed symptom presentation were from less disadvantaged (ADI 3.2 vs 4.2; p = 0.025) and less rural (RUCA 1.8 vs 2.3; p = 0.023) areas than those who never underwent surgery.

CONCLUSIONS

Although non-White patients were more likely to be socioeconomically disadvantaged, race and socioeconomic disadvantage were not associated with undergoing surgical treatment. However, among patients with benign CM-I, those undergoing decompression for delayed symptom presentation resided in more affluent and urban areas.
Diagnostic Justice
Authors: Kennedy Ashley Graham , Cwik Bryan
Published: November 2021

Diagnostic testing can be used for many purposes, including testing to facilitate the clinical care of individual patients, testing as an inclusion criterion for clinical trial participation, and both passive and active surveillance testing of the general population in order to facilitate public health outcomes, such as the containment or mitigation of an infectious disease. As such, diagnostic testing presents us with ethical questions that are, in part, already addressed in the literature on clinical care as well as clinical research (such as the rights of patients to refuse testing or treatment in the clinical setting or the rights of participants in randomized controlled trials to withdraw from the trial at any time). However, diagnostic testing, for the purpose of disease surveillance also raises ethical issues that we do not encounter in these settings, and thus have not been much discussed. In this paper we will be concerned with the similarities and differences between the ethical considerations in these three domains: clinical care, clinical research, and public health, as they relate to diagnostic testing specifically. Via an examination of the COVID-19 case we will show how an appeal to the concept of diagnostic justice helps us to make sense of the (at times competing) ethical considerations in these three domains.
CRISIS OF CULTURAL IDENTITY IN THEATRE IN THE CONTEXT OF MAINSTREAMING OF PERFORMATIVITY AESTHETIC
Authors:   Altai State Institute of Culture, Gubina Nina , Tagiltseva Elena ,   Altai State Institute of Culture
Published: November 2021

. Immediacy of the paper is related with strengthening of points of performative aesthetic in culture and art of last two decades. Accordingly to that, authors consider a conflict between two aesthetic paradigms of theatric culture: performative, on the one side, and psychological and realistic, on the other side. The researchers trace a correlation between appearance of a crisis in theatrical culture and transformation of cultural identity. Also, the paper clarifies a concept “cultural identity”, considers manifestations of crisis of cultural identity in theatre, reveals aesthetic values of two paradigms mentioned above, highlights related contradictions, mark perspectives in researching identification process in modern theatre.
CLASSICAL GRAPHIC ARTISTS OF ALTAI IN COLLECTIONS OF THE STATE ART MUSEUM OF THE ALTAI KRAI (BARNAUL, RUSSIA)
Authors:   The State Art Museum of the Altai Krai, Sidorova Oksana
Published: November 2021

The reported study was funded by Russian Fund of Basic Research according to the research project no. 19-412-220003 r_a. The paper outlines basic biographic information that reflects creative way of professional graphic artists from Altai, Russia: Fyodor Filonov (1919–2007), Andrei Vagin (1923–2006), Alexei Yugatkin (1926–2001), and Aleksandr Deriavsky (1927–2017), whose works will be in exhibition “Classical Works of Altai's Graphis Artists” of The State Art Museum of the Altai Krai (Barnaul, Russia) that will be held in 2022, after reconstruction of the institution's building. Individual artistic and aesthetic achievements of masters that followed stylistic traditions left by the first professional painters of Altai (Grigory Choros-Gurkin (1870–1923) and Andrei Nikulin (1878–1945), defined main vectors for development of professional graphics in Altai in the 2nd half of 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. The author describes a contribution made by Vladimir Ramensky and Aleksandr Deriavsky in development of professional book graphics in Altai Krai, Vladimir Ramensky's work in developing professional artistic education in the territory.
Ecological assessment of the impact of agricultural activity on the emission of carbon dioxide from the leached chernozem of the Tobol-Ishim interfluve
Authors: Kastornova Marina , Demin Evgeniy , Eremin Dmitriy
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The purpose of this work is to study carbon dioxide emissions from the surface of virgin and arable chernozem during the growing season of the Tobol-Ishim interfluve. Methods. The study was conducted on virgin land, in pure steam, under grain crops and corn from May to October. The intensity of carbon dioxide release was determined by the method of Shtatnov with titration in the field. Results. Based on previous studies, based on scientifically based approaches, as well as our own experimental data, the relationship between carbon dioxide emission and hydrothermal conditions of the humus layer (0–30 cm) was investigated, and the degree of influence of the type of land and crops on the release of CO2 from the surface of leached chernozem was determined. It has been established that the chernozems of Western Siberia are characterized by very low biological activity in the spring and autumn periods. CO2 emissions in May averaged 1.0–1.6 kg/ha per hour with a coefficient of variation of 8 %. The peak release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere occurs in June-July (2.6–6.5 kg/ha per hour). It was revealed that under grain crops the gaseous losses of C–CO2 in the summer period amount to 4.1–6.5 kg/ha per hour, and in the area of pure steam – 2.3–3.4 kg/ha. The determining role in the intensity of carbon dioxide release is played by the soil temperature (r = 0.7). During the years of research, there were no dry periods, which did not allow us to establish a reliable effect of soil moisture on CO2 emissions, the correlation coefficient was 0.2 units. Based on the results obtained, a low degree (12.8 %) of the influence of the type of land (virgin land/arable land) and crops (cereals/corn) on the intensity of carbon dioxide release into the atmosphere from the surface of chernozem was revealed. The maximum degree of influence was in hydrothermal soil conditions (65 %), on which the activity of the soil microbiota and the root system of plants depended. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the intensity of carbon dioxide release from the surface of leached chernozem was studied for the Tobol-Ishim interfluve and the degree of influence of the anthropogenic factor against the background of the hydrothermal regime of soil was established.
Evaluation of the original forms of tomato for heterosis breeding
Authors: Velizhanov N.
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The aim of this work is to study tomato sorters with contrasting complementary in hybridization of morpho-biological properties favorable for the expression of the effect of heterosis. Novelty. Tomatoes as a culture are quite plastic and easily adapted to the most diverse soil-climatic conditions of cultivation. Detectable natural mutations were easily fixed by screenings and gave rise to new and new forms. These changes concerned many signs and properties and allowed practically to design tomato plants for specific human needs. Methods. The studies included stamp varieties: Shtambovyy 5 and Fonarik, medium-ripe Kuban 557 and medium late-ripe Volgogradskiy 5/95 and Krasnodarets 87. The test was carried out in comparison with the best districted varieties (standards) in irrigated conditions. Results. By the nature of growth, the greatest habitus was observed in the parent line LS 2/11 164.6, which is a consequence of the subsequent orders of branching and the inflorescences formed on them, providing the highest yield of this line. According to the analysis of interactions, the year and genotype for the conditions of the year strongly determine the mass of fruits from one plant (66.1 %), while the number of fruits and the average weight of the fruit are determined mainly by the genotype: 92.8 and 73.2 %, respectively. The number and size of fruits are signs with strong genetic determinancy, which are components of the mass of fruits, which shows a strong dependence of the latter indicator on the conditions of the year. When combining optimal productivity indicators, they also showed the least variability, which is of considerable practical interest.
The effect of a fodder microbial additive on meat productivity of broiler chickens and quality of poultry meat
Authors: Luneva Al'bina
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to study the effect of a probiotic supplement on the productivity of broiler chickens of the fast-growing Cobb 500 cross and the quality of poultry meat. Research methods. To study the parameters of meat productivity of broiler chickens, slaughter and anatomical cutting of poultry carcasses were carried out, the morphological composition of individual parts of carcasses was evaluated, the chemical composition of poultry meat was analyzed by determining moisture (GOST 9793-74), fat (GOST 23042-86), protein (GOST 25011-81), the level of essential amino acids (capillary electrophoresis method), organoleptic parameters of poultry meat and broth were studied. Research results. It was found that the introduction of a fodder additive into the poultry diet contributes to the improvement of meat characteristics of the Cobb 500 cross, improves the quality properties of poultry meat, as well as the bio-value of poultry meat products. When studying meat productivity, it was revealed that in experimental groups the mass of the gutted carcass was higher than in the control by 1.45.3 %, the slaughter yield was higher by 0.31.4 %, the mass of all breast tissues of broiler chickens of experimental groups exceeded this indicator in the control by 1.78.2 %, the mass of all femoral tissues was higher by 2.07.8 %, and the mass of all shin tissues by 1.56.8 %. The results of the chemical analysis of muscles of broiler chickens showed that the protein content was higher in experimental groups compared to the control group by 0.180.60 %, with a decrease in fat by 0.060.16 %, and there was also a decrease in meat quality index in all experimental groups by 4.510.5 %. A positive statistically significant difference was revealed when analyzing the amino acid score in the muscles of birds of experimental groups compared with the control group. The organoleptic evaluation of boiled broiler chicken meat and broth from them in experimental groups showed superiority over the poultry meat of the control group and averaged 4.9 versus 4.8 points. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the meat productivity and meat quality of broiler chickens were evaluated when using a microbial additive based on autochthonous microorganisms of the genus Lactobacillus isolated from the contents of the gastrointestinal tract of wild quails in their diet.
Trends in crop production as a factor of ensuring food security of the Perm Region
Authors: Shalaeva Lyudmila
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Goal. The assessment of the main trends in the activity of agricultural producers in crop production was carried out in order to substantiate the possibilities of the Perm Region for self-sufficiency with the main types of food resources in the presence of adverse effects of natural and climatic conditions. Methods. A statistical analysis was carried out using grouping and comparison methods based on the official statistics of the Perm Region for 2016-2020. Results. In accordance with the social and geographical specifics of the Perm Region, on the territory of which rural areas predominate, the largest volume of crop production is produced in the households of the population (up to 58 %), whose activities are characterized by the lowest level of stability and are more susceptible to the negative impact of natural and climatic conditions. The activity of agricultural organizations (share up to 36 %) and farms (share up to 8 %) is more stable. A higher level of dependence on natural and climatic conditions was revealed in the field of potato production, a lower level – in the field of grain and vegetables production of protected soil. The risk is reinforced by the fact that up to 70 % of the natural volume of potatoes and more than 80% of vegetables are produced in households. With a decrease in the total sown area by 1.2 %, there is a decrease in the sown area of potatoes by 15 % and vegetables by 6 %. The identified trends allowed us to identify the risk of reducing the level of food self-sufficiency of the Perm Region with potatoes and vegetables. The insecurity of domestic potato consumption in the Perm Region is, according to preliminary data, 13 % in 2020. The presence of risk was also revealed for vegetables, the internal consumption of the region was provided with vegetable products of its own production by an average of 56% during the study period. The results obtained allow us to identify the directions of optimization of the Perm Region strategy in solving the problems of food self-sufficiency. Scientific novelty. The dynamics of factors of crop production (structure, yield, acreage, intensification) is assessed taking into account the social, geographical, natural and climatic specifics of the Perm Region through the prism of the impact on the regional food balance and the level of self-sufficiency of the region with potatoes and vegetables.
The Effect of Coca Cola Drink on the Impact Strength and Surface Roughness of Acrylic Denture Base
Authors: S. Ikram Fahd
Published: November 2021

Background: Despite the development of many denture base material like chrome-cobalt, fluid and plastic material but the heat cure polymethylmethacrylate considered as the most widely used denture base material. The aims of this study to evaluate and compare the impact strength and surface roughness of heat cured denture base resin after immersing in coca-cola drink for two and four weeks. Methods: A total number of 40 samples were prepared, 30 samples for impact strength test and 10 samples for surface roughness test. The samples were divided into three group; A (control), B (2 weeks immersed in coca cola drink), and C (4 weeks immersed in coca cola drink). Result: Data analyzed by using SPSS software with ANOVA test indicated a non significant differences between the different tested groups, however the samples that were immersed in coca cola drink for 4 weeks revealed non dramatic increase in surface roughness, while the samples that were immersed for 2 weeks showed a non dramatic decrease in the impact strength. Conclusions: The coca cola drink non significantly caused dropping in the tested properties in comparison to the control group.
Effect of fermented rice bran flour in artificial feed on survival rate and feed conversion ratio of tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Surianti Surianti , Hasrianti Hasrianti , Wahyudi Wahyudi , Irwan Muh
Published: November 2021

Tilapia cultivation has the potential to be developed in Indonesia, especially in South Sulawesi. However, the obstacle faced in tilapia cultivation is feed; the price is relatively high because the raw materials are still imported. One of the efforts to overcome dependence on imported feed raw materials is using local raw materials, namely rice bran. This study aims to determine the best type of probiotic in hydrolyzing rice bran flour into artificial feed on survival and conversion ratio of tilapia fish feed. This research was conducted in Sidenreng Rappang Regency. The test animals used were tilapia larvae with an average size of 1.03 g. The maintenance container is a tarpaulin pond with a size of 1 m x 1 m x 1 m filled with 85 L of freshwater. The study was designed using a completely randomized design consisting of four treatments and three replications. The fermenting materials used as treatment were Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus sp., Aspergillus nigers, Yeast (Acetobacter). The test feed was given to 20 tilapia larvae stocked in each container for 60 days of rearing. The survival data and feed conversion ratio for tilapia were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that tilapia fed fermented rice bran feed using the fermenter Lactobacillus sp. had a significant effect on survival (SR) with a value of 85% and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) of tilapia with a value of 2.23.
Recruitment patterns of freshwater amphidromous fishes (Pisces: Gobiidae, Eleotridae) to the Cimaja estuary, Palabuhanratu Bay
Authors: Simanjuntak Charles P.H , Baihaqi Faqih , Prabowo Tri , Bilqis A Shafira , Sulistiono Sulistiono , Ervinia Ayu
Published: November 2021

The sustainability of amphidromous fishes is determined by the success of the larval recruitment process from marine to freshwaters habitats. This study aimed to determine the recruitment pattern of freshwater amphidromous fish to the Cimaja River estuary, Palabuhanratu Bay in terms of season and daily. Amphidromous fish were caught monthly on the 25th of Hijri or waning crescent from December 2020 to August 2021. Sampling in one whole day with observation intervals every 4 hours was carried out in June 2021 to reveal the time of larvae and juveniles of the amphidromous fish recruit to the Cimaja River estuary. A total of 13 species of amphidromous fishes representing five genera and two families was captured. The recruitment of amphidromous fishes into the Cimaja River occurs between the peak of the rainy season to dry season. Generally, amphidromous recruit into the estuary waters of the Cimaja River is at the juvenile stage (11.9-21.8 mm body length). However, the recruitment of some amphidromous fish species appears at the postflexion stage (6.9-11.9 mm BL). Based on diel observations, larvae and juveniles of amphidromous fish are generally preferred to recruit to the Cimaja River estuary in the early morning (03:00 am) and afternoon (03:00 pm). Recruitment of amphidromous fish larvae to the Cimaja River follows a semi-diurnal tidal cycle which is a tidal type in Palabuhanratu Bay. Amphidromous fishes use tidal flux to recruit and migrate upstream of the Cimaja River through estuaries.
The splendid idolatry of nationalism
Authors: Cavanaugh William T.
Published: November 2021

This article addresses the question ‘Do we live in a secular, disenchanted world devoid of gods, or do we live in a world populated by new gods?’ Some cite Max Weber in assuming that disenchantment is a fact. Others cite Émile Durkheim who points to ongoing forms of enchantment and the development of new religious forms to take the place of Christianity. In this article I use the case of nationalism to examine this question. I analyse two arguments, one that sides with Weber, the other with Durkheim. I not only side with Durkheim, but argue that Weber sides with Durkheim, too. I then go beyond Durkheim, and argue, from a Christian theological point of view, that nationalism is not only a religion, but an idolatrous one at that.
The proliferation of secular religions
Authors: Nyirkos Tamás
Published: November 2021

The term ‘secular religion’ first appeared in the description of modern totalitarian ideologies but soon became a general category applied to other political, socio-economic and cultural phenomena. The first problem with this approach is the inherent contradiction of the term, since ‘secular’ by all modern definitions means ‘non-religious’, making a secular religion something like a ‘nonreligious religion’. The second is the wide range of examples from communism to liberalism, from capitalism to ecology, or from transhumanism to social media, which suggests that with some creativity almost anything can be described as secular and religious at the same time. The first part of the paper deals with the terminological difficulties, while the second outlines the history of drawing secular-religious analogies, concluding that the ultimate failure to give a coherent narrative of secular religions is rooted in the impossibility of giving an adequate definition of religion in the first place.
Empire, nationalism and christianity
Authors: Blond Phillip
Published: November 2021

This paper studies in parallel the history of empire and the development of universals. It uses as its preliminary orientation the work of Eric Voegelin who argued that universals develop in history alongside and through universalising empires. We find this basic contention highly credible as it is empires that force us to develop cognitive approaches that encompass both colonised and coloniser in any subsequent social structure. So conceived, the paper then argues that empires are synonymous with human history as such and that even those entities (such a Greek city states) which are eulogised for escaping this logic are on examination no less imperial than the empires they oppose. The paper then argues that the development of universals is not a byproduct of empire but rather that it drives imperial expansion in the first place. It seeks to argue that ideation is the casual factor in human history, social structures and behaviour. It argues contra thinkers like Francis Fukuyama, there is no biological foundation for the qualitative distinctions of civilisation, rather the paper contends that the origin of civilisation lies in human conceptuality not human biology, locality or indeed any other material force impinging on life. So configured, the paper then concludes that the primary political question lies in bringing together the question of the good with empire – a process most advanced in human history by Christianity.
ОСНОВНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ ПЕДАГОГІЧНИХ КАДРІВ У РОЗВИНЕНИХ КРАЇНАХ СВІТУ В ХІХ – НА ПОЧАТКУ ХХ СТОЛІТТЯ
Authors: ДЕБЕНКО Василь , КОБИЛЬНИК Роман
Published: November 2021

Актуальність дослідження зумовлена суттєвими змінами у функціонуванні закладів вищої освіти щодо під- готовки нової генерації фахівців. Можливість концептуально осмислити об’єктивні зв’язки між елементами, компонентами, етапами процесу підготовки педагогічних кадрів дозволяє вивчення історичного досвіду розвине- них країн світу. Мета статті – на основі наукових ідей теоретично обґрунтувати основні тенденції професійної підготовки педагогічних кадрів у розвинених країнах світу в ХІХ–ХХ століттях. Під час проведення дослідження було застосовано такі методи науково-педагогічного дослідження: конкретно-пошуковий, логіко-історичний, проблемно-хронологічний, ретроспективний. Історико-педагогічний науковий пошук дозволив констатувати, що провідними тенденціями підготовки аме- риканських та західноєвропейських учителів: у ХІХ столітті – першій половині ХХ століття була тенденція зневажливого ставлення до освіти; у 60–90-х роках ХХ століття – тенденція визнання освіти найвищою дер- жавною цінністю, пріоритетним напрямом державної політики, результатом якої стало впровадження нових освітніх парадигм – концепції меритократичної освіти, концепції мультикультурної освіти, гуманістичного навчання тощо; на початку ХХІ століття – Болонський процес, що об’єднав Європу, сприяв появі низки тенден- цій: тенденції продовження обов’язкової освіти після школи; тенденції до диверсифікації структур вищої освіти; тенденції безперервної освіти; тенденції до розширення завдань закладів вищої освіти; тенденції вдосконалення та розширення «короткої і професіоналізованої» вищої освіти; тенденції запровадження компетентнісного під- ходу в навчанні; тенденції надання якісних освітніх послуг тощо. Результати дослідження: важливим джерелом для визначення стратегічних напрямів розвитку педагогічної освіти в Україні є вивчення й аналіз досвіду підготовки вчителів за кордоном для створення загальноєвропейсько- го освітнього простору на сучасному етапі.
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ НАВЧАННЯ ХОРЕОГРАФІЇ ДІТЕЙ МОЛОДШОГО ШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ В ПОЗАШКІЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДАХ УКРАЇНИ В КОНТЕКСТІ СЬОГОДЕННЯ
Authors: ЗОЗУЛЯ Катерина
Published: November 2021

У статті досіджено та проаналізовано організацію навчання хореографії дітей молодшого шкільного віку в позашкільних закладах у контексті сьогодення. Мета дослідження – проаналізувати особливості організації навчання хореографії дітей молодшого шкільного віку в позашкільних закладах освіти. Зазначено, що на сучас- ному етапі організація навчання хореографії згідно із Законом «Про позашкільну освіту» та Положенням про позашкільний навчально-виховний заклад може відбуватися в комплексних позашкільних навчально-виховних закладах (палаци та будинки для дітей і юнацтва, центри дитячої й юнацької творчості, які включають творчі об’єднання за інтересами: гуртки, секції, ансамблі, театри) та профільних позашкільних навчально-виховних закладах (початкові спеціалізовані мистецькі навчальні заклади, школи мистецтв, дитячо-юнацькі спортивні школи тощо). У процесі написання статті були застосовані методи аналізу, синтезу та теоретичного узагаль- нення науково-методичної літератури. Визначено головне завдання та мету навчання хореографії молодших школярів у закладах позашкільної осві- ти. Вивчено та узагальнено педагогічно цінний досвід організації навчання хореографії дітей молодшого шкіль- ного віку в позашкільних закладах України. Подано аналіз відомих художніх колективів, танцювальних та хорео- графічних гуртків, ансамблів народного, сучасного та сучасного спортивно-бального танцю. Установлено, що навчання хореографії дітей молодшого шкільного віку в позашкільних закладах на сучасному етапі відбувається в аматорських колективах та в профільних мистецьких установах. З’ясовано, що навчання хореографії в танцювальних та хореографічних гуртках, ансамблях та студіях відбувається на основі автор- ських програм керівників, які складені на основі програм із позашкільної освіти художньо-естетичного напряму. Автор убачає перспективи подальших досліджень у подальшому вивченні теорії й практики організації навчання хореографією як у новій українській школі, так і у позашкільних закладах освіти.
ДО ПИТАННЯ ФОРМУВАННЯ ТВОРЧОЇ ПОЗИЦІЇ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ У ПЛОЩИНІ ЗДОРОВ’ЯЗБЕРЕЖУВАЛЬНОЇ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: ПРІМА Раїса , ПРІМА Дмитро
Published: November 2021

У статті проаналізовано теоретичні аспекти формування творчої позиції майбутніх учителів у площині здоров’язбережувальної професійної діяльності. Актуалізовано необхідність підготовки креативних, самостій- них, ініціативних педагогів, здатних до реалізації творчого підходу в організації освітнього процесу, що сприяти- ме збереженню і зміцненню здоров’я школярів, вихованню у них культури здоров’я. Необхідною є підготовка педа- гогів зі сформованою творчою позицією як особистісно-професійною характеристикою. У площині проблемного поля дослідження поняття «творча позиція» здійснено логіко-семантичний аналіз категорії «позиція». Конста- товано міждисциплінарність, багатозначність представлення поняття «позиція» у науковому дискурсі. Творча позиція майбутніх учителів розглядається як складне і полікомпонентне особистісне утворення, що характе- ризується позитивним ставленням до майбутньої професійної здоров’язберігаючої діяльності, настановою на творчу працю, її емоційне сприйняття і задоволеність результатами, а також прагненням до розвитку осо- бистісних і професій них якостей у процесі спільної з дітьми творчої діяльності і вирішення нестандартних професійних ситуацій на підставі здоров’яформувального підходу. Відзначено, що результативність професійної здоров’язбережувальної діяльності потребує активного залу- чення студентів до здоров’язбережувального навчального процесу у закладі вищої освіти, формування у них активної позиції щодо зміцнення і збереження як власного здоров’я, так і здоров’я їхніх майбутніх вихованців (зокрема, через використання здоров’язбережувальних технологій інтерактивної взаємодії як головного напряму вирішення зазначених проблем). Згідно з логікою авторського задуму зроблено уточнення щодо дефініціювання й типології здоров’язбережувальних технологій, акцентовано на здоров’ятворчості, здоров’ятворчій педагогічній діяльності.