bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DESEMPENHO AGRONÔMICO DE VARIEDADES DE MANDIOCA EM SISTEMA IRRIGADO
Authors: Henrique da Silva Esdras , Colares Daniel Santana , Brito Raimundo Filho Freire , Campos Gustavo Azevedo , Ferreira Vitória Eduarda , Dos Santos JONATHAS TARGINO
Published: July 2021

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a produtividade e adaptação das variedades de mandioca ARN, BRS 399, BRS 400, BRS 401 e Cacau na região norte do estado do Tocantins em sistema irrigado. O ensaio foi conduzido na área experimental do Instituto Federal do Tocantins (IFTO), campus Colinas do Tocantins. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, sendo os tratamentos as variedades de mandiocas mencionadas, com quatro repetições. Cada repetição apresentou quatro linhas de dez plantas, sendo que a parcela experimental útil foi composta pelas duas linhas centrais, na qual avaliou-se as cinco plantas centrais de cada linha útil. O manejo de irrigação adotado foi o de fitas gotejadoras. Foram realizadas três adubações e a avaliação ocorreu nove meses após o plantio. As variáveis avaliadas foram: altura da planta e da primeira bifurcação, massa da parte aérea, massa das raízes tuberosas (produtividade das raízes), índice de colheita, tempo de cocção, teor de amido e rendimento de farinha. Os resultados evidenciaram a existência de diferenças significativas, entre as cinco variedades testadas, para os parâmetros altura da planta e da primeira ramificação, massa da parte aérea, produtividade de raízes e tempo de cocção. Todas as variedades obtiveram produtividade satisfatória, sendo que a BRS 401, BRS 400 e a BRS 399 destacaram-se por apresentar 61,26, 52,34 e 49,70 t/ha, respectivamente. As variedades Cacau, ARN e BRS 401 apresentaram os menores tempo de cocção, 16, 17 e 18,5 minutos, respectivamente. O genótipo BRS 401 apresentou maior altura de planta, e da primeira ramificação, maiores produtividades de raiz (61,26 t/ha) e da parte aérea (30,97 t/ha). De modo geral, todas as variedades apresentaram resultados satisfatórios e podem ser recomendadas para o plantio na região norte do Tocantins.
Assessment of the Impact of Training on the Stabilometric Platform Using the Biofeedback Method on Improving Balance and Functional Efficiency of Patients After a Stroke
Authors: Jankowska Agnieszka , Klimkiewicz Paulina , Krukowska Sylwia , Woldańska-Okońska Marta
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Postural balance disorders are one of the most common motor symptoms in patients after stroke, which affect the limitation of patients mobility and their ability to perform everyday activities. Balance disorders require comprehensive neurorehabilitation.
Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of exercises on the stabilometric platform using the biofeedback method on improving balance and functional performance in patients after stroke.
Material and Methods: The study involved 75 patients after ischemic stroke aged from 35-80 years. Two groups were created: a study and control group. The study group consisted of patients in whom a comprehensive rehabilitation program was implemented, consisting of physical therapy, kinesitherapy, speech therapy and psychological consultation, complemented by the use of modern neurorehabilitation solutions, including a platform for balance training. The control group included patients in whom a comprehensive therapy program was implemented, but without training on a stabilometric platform. Functional assessment of patients was performed using selected scales and tests: Barthel Scale, Tinetti Test and Berg Balance Scale.
Results: Patients after stroke, in whom a comprehensive physiotherapy program was implemented using the training on the Tecnobody stabilometric platform, obtained a statistically significant improvement in all parameters describing the ability to maintain balance. Also in the Tinetti Test in the gait evaluation section, Berg Balance Scale and Barthel Scale the improvement was statistically significant.
Conclusions: The program used on the stabilometric platform had a significantly better impact on improving ability to maintain balance and everyday functioning of patients after stroke.
What does Winter Swimming Have to do with Balneotherapy?
Authors: Kokocińska Anna , Adamczyk Przemysław , Ponikowska Irena
Published: July 2021

Winter swimming is a complex procedure that simultaneously includes the effects of cold, water itself, physical activity, and the climate factor. All these elements are used in thermal medicine in a milder form. They also have a lot in common with Kneipp hardening therapy. In winter swimming, belonging to extreme sports, extremely strong stimuli act simultaneously. Winter swimming positively affects the cardiorespiratory system, complete blood count, musculoskeletal system, endocrine system, immune system, the skin, metabolic processes, and the mental sphere. Empirically, many beneficial effects of winter swimming have been discovered, but there is very little scientific research showing this procedure’s mechanisms of action. Hence, they are often based on hypotheses. The mechanisms of action of winter swimming on complete blood count and the organism’s oxidative processes are best explained. However, the explanation of the mechanisms of action is mostly based on research conducted in cryotherapy. To obtain beneficial health effects, it is necessary to prepare properly for winter swimming and comply with the entire process’s rules, from preparation, through the treatment itself, to behavior after the procedure. In recent years, handbooks and guides have appeared in Poland that contain practical tips on the winter swimming procedure.
THE PHENOMENON OF INK DUSTING TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE SURFACE ROUGHNESS OFFSET PRINTING PLATE
Authors: Khalilov I. , Aliyev E. , Huseynzade E.
Published: July 2021

The paper investigates the influence of the mechanics of a friction printing pair on ink dusting in the printing process, taking into account the surface roughness of the printing plate. The aim of the study is to determine the influence of the surface roughness of the printing plate on the deformation of the deckle, as well as on the value of the total force in the area of the printed contact, the relative gear ratio and the relative speed of sliding of the deckle along the surface of the cylinder, which directly affects the dusting of the ink. It was found that when studying the mechanics of a printed pair, the influence of the microgeometry of the contacting surfaces on the parameters under study was not taken into account. The influence of microprotrusions of the surface roughness of the printing plate on the deformation of the deckle in the area of the printed contact has been substantiated and established. To determine the introduction of surface roughness irregularities, a discrete roughness model is used, presented as a set of identical spherical segments. To determine the influence of the surface roughness of the printing plate on the friction force arising in the contact zone, a calculation scheme is proposed that differs from analogs. A method is developed for calculating the parameters of a friction pair in the printing process, taking into account the roughness. Expressions are obtained for determining the total moment of tangential friction forces in the sliding sections when spherical irregularities are introduced. According to the proposed technique, the corresponding graphical dependences of the gear ratio on different parameters of the friction printed pair are shown. The advantages of this study in comparison with analogs are that at certain values of the parameters of the friction pair, taking into account the surface roughness of the printing plate, also at known values of the mechanical characteristics and thickness of the deckle, it is possible to determine the change in the length of the deckle of a given composition, which is necessary in the printing process. The proposed calculation method, which is carried out without taking into account the pressure in the printed contact zone, allows predicting the quality of printed impressions and the amount of ink involved in the formation of ink dusting, as well as correctly adjusting the printing press before the printing process.
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM BERBASIS KEWIRAUSAHAAN DALAM MEMBENTUK SIKAP WIRAUSAHA PADA SISWA JENJANG PENDIDIKAN DASAR DI KABUPATEN KEBUMEN
Authors: Muhafid Ervian Arif , Zuhdi Rasyid
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi kurikulum berbasis kewirausahaan dalam membentuk sikap wirausaha pada siswa jenjang pendidikan dasar di Kabupaten Kebumen serta mendeskripsikan desain kurikulum berbasis kewirausahaan untuk membentuk sikap wirausaha pada siswa jenjang pendidikan dasar di Kabupaten Kebumen. Metode Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan yang digunakan adalah deskriptrif kualitatif yang diharapkan mampu mendeskripsikan secara utuh obyek yang diteliti. Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan menunjukan bahwa implementasu kurikulum berbasis kewirausahaan diperoleh data rata-rata aspek kewirausahaan sudah diterapkan di sekolah dengan skor wawancara 2,64 dengan kategori baik. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa kewirausahaan sudah diterapkan di jenjang Pendidikan dasar di Kabupaten Kebumen. Desain kurikulum berbasis kewirausahaan di Kabupaten Kebumen adalah (1) terintegrasi pada seluruh mata pelajaran; (2) terpadu dalam ekstrakurikuler; (3) melalui praktik berwirausaha disekolah; (4) terintegrasi pada bahan ajar; (5) pembiasaan dalam kultur sekolah; (6) terintegrasi pada muatan lokal.
RESPON DUA VARIETAS KUBIS (Brassica oleracea L.) DATARAN RENDAH TERHADAP DOSIS PUPUK NPK
Authors: Aprilia Rennanti Lunnadiyah , Nugroho Rahmat Joko
Published: July 2021

Budidaya tanaman kubis awalnya hanya ditanam di daerah dataran tinggi. Dalam perkembangannya, kubis mulai banyak ditanam di dataran menengah dan bahkan di dataran rendah. Hal ini seiring dengan ditemukannya varietas - varietas baru yang sesuai untuk daerah dataran rendah. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan petani kubis dataran rendah agar meningkatkan produktivitas kubis di daerah dataran rendah dengan  menggunakan varietas, dosis pemupukan dan perawatan yang tepat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui respon dua varietas Kubis dataran rendah terhadap dosis pupuk di dataran rendah. Penelitian dilakukan di lahan milik petani daerah  Kabupaten Kebumen. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan RAK  dengan dua faktor yaitu Varietas dan dosis pupuk. Data hasil pengamatan yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA) dan diuji lanjut dengan metode LSD pada α=5% untuk mengetahui perbedaan antar perlakuan yang diuji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan V2 yaitu Grand 22 mempunyai adaptasi yang lebih baik di daerah Surotrunan Kebumen. Pupuk rekomendasi P3 yaitu (150 kg/ha Urea,200 kg/ha SP36, 150 kg/ha KCL). Masih memungkinkan dilakukan penelitian lanjutan dengan dosis yang lebih tinggi.
PEMANFAATAN BEBERAPA TANAMAN HERBAL SEBAGAI ZAT AKTIF DALAM BEBERAPA SEDIAAN PENGHARUM RUANGAN SEBAGAI PENGUSIR NYAMUK
Authors: Asiyah Isna Jati , Purwaningsih Desi , Wulandari Destik
Published: July 2021

Nyamuk merupakan salah satu penyebab permasalahan masyarakat karena dapat menimbulkan berbagai penyakit dan mengganggu kenyamanan. Nyamuk dapat ditimbulkan karena kurangnya kebersihan lingkungan di masyarakat. Sekarang ini banyak masyarakat yang takut untuk menggunakan produk penolak nyamuk bentuk jadi yang telah dibuat dan dikeluarkan oleh pabrik atau industri tertentu. Kandungan kimia yang terkandung didalam sediaan tersebut menjadi alasan mengapa masyarakat mencari alternatif lain untuk membuat penolak nyamuk dengan menggunakan bahan alami yang lebih aman. Salah satu usaha pencegahan dan pengendalian terhadap serangan nyamuk yaitu dengan menggunakan pengharum ruangan dalam bentuk sediaan gel maupun lilin yang sekaligus dapat digunakan untuk pengusir nyamuk. Sediaan gel dan lilin pengharum ruangan pembuatanya cukup mudah dan bahan-bahan juga mudah didapatkan sehingga dapat dibuat sendiri oleh masyarakat. Keuntungan yang diperoleh masyarakat dengan pembuatan gel dan lilin pengharum ruangan secara mandiri yaitu aroma dapat disesuaikan dengan yang diinginkan, selain itu juga dapat dikembangkan menjadi home industry. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pemahaman pentingnya menjaga kebersihan lingkungan untuk menciptakan kesehatan pada keluarga serta melatih usaha pembuatan gel dan lilin aromaterapi dengan bahan alami, menghasilkan produk yang dapat digunakan sendiri maupun dikembangkan menjadi home industry. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan cara penyuluhan kebersihan lingkungan dan workshop pembuatan gel dan lilin aromaterapi sebagai alternatif pengusir nyamuk. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat terhadap kebersihan lingkungan, dihasilkan produk gel dan lilin aromaterapi sebagai pengusir nyamuk yang produksinya dapat dikembangkan dalam skala industri rumah tangga masyarakat Bibis Luhur RW 22 Nusukan.
PENERAPAN METODE PARTICIPATORY RURAL APPRAISAL (PRA) PADA SUSU KEDELAI DI DESA KUTAGANDOK
Authors: Astari Naura Mutia , Efelina Vita
Published: July 2021

Stunting pada anak masih menjadi masalah besar di Indonesia, berdasarkan pantauan status gizi (PSG) tahun 2017 bahwa 29,6% kasus stunting, diatas ketetapan WHO (20%). Faktor penyebab kasus Stunting  pada balita sering di kaitkan dengan factor kemiskinan termasuk gizi, kesehatan, sanitasi dan lingkungan. Desa Kutagandok merupakan desa yang mengalami gizi krosnis atau stunting, salah satu upaya masyarakat desa dengan memberikan asupan gizi melalui susu kedelai. Susu kedelai  memiliki gizi yang baik dapat dijadikan alternatif dari susu sapi karena memiliki kandungan protein yang hampir setara. Selain itu susu kedelai memiliki potensi yang memiliki harga nilai jual, oleh karena itu produk susu kedelai dijadikan sebagai produk UMKM Desa Kutagandok, upaya ini dapat meminimalisir stunting dan meningkatakan perkekonomian masyarakat desa. Berbagai program pemerintah maupun non pemerintah mengupayakan peningkatan perokonomian masyarakat, salah satunya Program Hibah Bina Desa (PHBD). Tujuan pada program hibah bina desa yaitu menjadikan produk susu kedelai menjadi produk UMKM, dengan harapan dapat meningkatkan pemasukan masyarakat desa. Untuk dapat mencapai tujuan digunakan metode pelaksanaan dengan pendekatan Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) yang merupakan pendekatan  yang mengedepankan hasil perumusan sesuai dengan kebutuhan dalam penyelenggaraan program.
PERENCANAAN KARIR DAN EVALUASI DIRI SISWA DI KOTA DILI NEGARA TIMOR LESTE
Authors: Prasetyo Yanto
Published: July 2021

Perencanaan karir adalah bagian dari pengembangan karir (career development). Untuk mencapai pengembangan maksimal, seseorang perlu memahami yang dimaksud dengan perencanaan karir terlebih dahulu. Perencanaan karir (career planning) adalah suatu proses dimana individu dapat mengidentifikasikan dan mengambil langkah-langkah untuk mencapai tujuan-tujuan karirnya. Hal ini seperti memahami potensi diri, minat, dan keadaan zaman yang terus berubah. Maka, dari itu diperlukan pengetahuan yang luas dan pengalaman yang banyak untuk mencapai hal tersebut. Penyuluhan ini dapat memberikan kesadaran para siswa di Dili, Timor Leste, untuk merencanakan dan menggapai karirnya setinggi mungkin. Siswa diajak untuk memiliki tujuan dalam hidupnya, memahami potensi dalam dirinya dan menyiapkan cara merealisasikan mimpinya. Agar kelak setelah mereka dewasa mereka memiliki kemampuan lebih untuk mengelola diri dan negaranya untuk lebih baik lagi.
Social Media Influencer: Clickbait Dalam Pusaran Etika Jurnalistik
Authors: Restendy Mochammad Sinung , Hilmi Fahri
Published: July 2021

Information technology is increasingly developing. Internet networks provoke media convergence. Social media comes as a new mass media that is more interactive and more practical than the conventional one. Everyone can become a journalist in this era. The rapid progress of information technology not only brings efficiency in the process of reproduction of information, but also carries a variety of new risks. ‘Clickbait Journalism’ is one of many risks that is often done by influencers in the social media. How does Journalistic Law and Ethics study look at the phenomenon? Can influencers called as a journalist so they must obey the applicable ethics? Then, how does regulation respond to this phenomenon?
Determination of the kinetic characteristics of the process adsorption of oil substances from bilge water solution
Authors: Берёза И.Г. , Шацкова Е.И.
Published: July 2021

Исследована возможность использования природных минералов в качестве сорбентов для глубокой очистки судовых нефтесодержащих вод. В процессе работы были исследованы следующие природные материалы: шунгит и монтмориллонит. В процессе экспериментальных исследований определены адсорбционные характеристики вышеупомянутых минералов. Установлено, что природные материалы обладают позитивной адсорбционной активностью по отношению к нефтепродуктам, причем степень извлечения нефтепродуктов из раствора льяльных вод увеличивается в ряду - шунгит < монтмориллонит. Также исследован характер массопереноса частицы загрязнения к адсорбенту в конкретных условиях технологического процесса. Полученные кинетические характеристики системы «нефтеводяной раствор – адсорбент» позволили установить внешнедиффузионный механизм массопереноса процесса сорбции. Полученные результаты экспериментальных исследований были использованы при проектированииадсорбционных установок в судовых сепараторах льяльных вод.

The possibility of using natural minerals as sorbents for deep purification of oil-containing waters from ships has been investigated. During the work, the following natural materials were investigated: shungite and montmorillonite. In the course of experimental studies, the adsorption characteristics of the aforementioned minerals were determined. It was found that natural materials have a positive adsorption activity in relation to oil products, and the degree of extraction of oil products from the bilge water solution increases in the order - shungite <montmorillonite. The nature of the mass transfer of the pollution particle to the adsorbent was also investigated under specific conditions of the technological process. The obtained kinetic characteristics of the "oil-water solution - adsorbent" system made it possible to establish the external diffusion mechanism of mass transfer of the sorption process. The obtained results of experimental studies were used in the design of adsorption plants in ship's bilge water separators.
Multiparametric diagnostic of technical condition of spatially distributed radio technical posts of VTS
Authors: Чернова А.И. , Старжинская Н.В.
Published: July 2021

Рассмотрен подход к повышению эффективности управления процессами технического обслуживания и ремонта оборудования пространственно-распределённых радиотехнических постов системы управления движением судов.
Целью работы является реализация методологии оценки и прогнозирования технического состояния радиооборудования системы управления движением судов, позволяющей инженерно-техническому персоналу принимать своевременные обоснованные решения по управлению обслуживанием и ремонтом (определение сроков проведения технического обслуживания, проведение корректировки вышедших за допустимые пределы параметров, а также предотвращение потенциально возможных отказов) на основе интегральной оценки текущего и перспективного технического состояния с учетом разнородной информации о его функционировании.

An approach to improving the efficiency of managing the processes of maintenance and repair of equipment of spatially distributed radio technical posts of the Vessel Traffic System is considered.
The purpose of the work is to implement a methodology for assessing and predicting the technical condition of the radio equipment of the Vessel Traffic System, which allows engineering and technical personnel to make timely informed decisions on the management of maintenance and repair (determining the timing of maintenance, adjusting parameters that have exceeded the permissible limits, as well as preventing potential failures) based on an integrated assessment of the current and future technical condition, taking into account heterogeneous information about its functioning.
Kalman observer design for marine craft models represented in frequency domain
Authors: Селезень Я.Ю. , Балабанов А.Н.
Published: July 2021

В статье описывается предложенный авторами новый подход к построению стационарного оптимального наблюдателя Калмана по частотной характеристике линейного динамического объекта. Предложенный подход может иметь множество практических применений в задачах управления и анализа состояния морских судов так как различные частные виды движений судов описываются линейными динамическими стационарными моделями представленными изначально именно в частотной области. В частности в работе рассматривается задача оценки состояния системы курсового автопилота, использующего только измерения компаса. Для достижения цели работы – построения соотношений для определения наблюдателя Калмана по частотной характеристике объекта, использовался один из методов поиска решения стабилизирующего решения алгебраического уравнения Риккати – метод резольвенты. Модификация метода резольвенты позволила осуществить целевое построение с привлечением дополнительного условия на свойство линейного динамического объекта, сужающего область применения предложенного подхода до только полностью наблюдаемых объектов.

A new approach which constructs a steady-state optimal Kalman observer by frequency response of a linear dynamic object is proposed in the paper. The proposed approach tend to have many practical applications in the area of control and state analysis of sea vessels problems, since various particular ship movements types described by linear dynamic stationary models presented initially in the frequency domain. In particular, the paper considers the problem of assessing the state of the system of the course autopilot using only compass measurements. To achieve the goal of the work - constructing relations for determining the Kalman observer by the object frequency characteristic, one of the algebraic Riccati equation solution method was improved. It was the resolvent method. The proposed resolvent method modification allows reaching the paper goal under one additional auxiliary condition to the linear dynamic object property. The condition narrows the scope of the proposed approach to only completely observable objects.
EEG THETA RHYTHM REACTIVITY IN EARLY CHILDHOOD WITH DIFFERENT LEVEL OF HELPING BEHAVIOR
Authors: Mikhailova A. A. , Orekhova L. S. , Dyagileva Y. O. , Tyshko A. A. , Pavlenko V. B.
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the methodology for assessing instrumental helping behavior in early childhood. The study involved 56 children aged 16 to 42 months. The average age was 31 ± 0.8 months. The level of instrumental helping behavior (LHB) was assessed using the Warneken and Tomasello test, in which the child needed to provide simple instrumental assistance to the experimenter who could not reach the fallen spoon. Points from 0 to 9 (0 – if the child did not give the item, 9 – if the item was given quickly) were assigned based on the time it took the child to provide assistance: 9p – the spoon is returned in 0.1–5.9 s; 8p. – 6.0–12.9 s, 7p. – 13.0–19.9 s, 6p. – 20.0–26.9 s,
5p. – 27.0–33.9s, 4p. – 34.0–40.9 s, 3 p. – 41.0–47.9 s, 2 p – 48.0–54.9 s, 1p. – 55.0–60.0 s. The group of children with low LHB included 18 people, the group with high LHB – 38.

EEG was recorded in the following situations: the eye-opened resting state (the child watched a rotating colored ball on the monitor screen); as well as the child’s observation of the experimenter’ social action prior to helping him. The frequency range of the theta rhythm was determined individually, based on the frequency boundaries of the child’s individual mu rhythm. ANOVA was used for further statistical analysis of the reactivity of the theta rhythm amplitude in eye-opened resting state and observation of social action. Statistical analysis showed that children with low LHB showed lesser changes in theta rhythm during observation of social action in comparison with baseline values, i.e. the interaction of the SITUATION × LOCUS factors was observed, as well as a significant influence of the LOCUS factor. Post hoc test showed that the changes were correct for the Pz locus (p = 0.04). In children with high LHB, an increase in the amplitude of theta rhythm was found in loci Fp1 (p = 0.03), Fp2 (p = 0.01), P4 (p = 0.007), O1 (p = 0.02), O2 (p = 0.001). We assume that a larger activation of the theta rhythm may indicate the processing of observed emotionally significant information by children, as well as the processes of memory consolidation (children may have tried to recall their previous experience in a similar situation in the past). Consequently, the less time it took for the child to provide simple instrumental help, the more effectively they were involved in the observed situation and the better they understood the need for help from another person.
Feminist Ethics and Gender Portrayals in Urhobo (African) Traditional Music
Authors: Ikeke Mark Omorovie
Published: July 2021

Essential concern of feminist ethics is that the moral perspectives and experiences of women are not often taken into cognizance in ethical discussion and that there is an unjust power structure in a culture that discriminates against women and privileges the position and rights of men over women.  The moral ideal is often based on the male evaluation. The moral views on what ought to be just relationships between men and women permeate almost all aspects of cultural life, including music. Urhobo traditional music is not an exception.  Urhobo traditional music which is a reflection of African traditional values that endorses patriarchy portrays women as inferior to men and women are to be subservient to men in decision-making in society. The paper will use critical analytic and hermeneutic methods to do a feminist ethical critique of gender portrayal in Urhobo traditional music. Excerpts from Urhobo traditional music will be presented, translated and their meaning evaluated. The paper finds and concludes that there is a need to create traditional music that projects the equality of men and women, just relationships among the sexes, and enhances the positive values of feminist ethics.
Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Moringa Concanensis
Authors: Yadav Bindu Singh , Trilochana Yeddu , Kumari Kiran , Singh Saurabh , Sachan Anupam K
Published: July 2021

In today’s scenario, fungal and bacterial infections are one of the most challenging pestilential diseases for the health-care professional which is increasing with a very high rate in the growing population, especially among the immune compromised people.The present work involved the study to extract active principles of Moringa concanensis and perform antibacterial and antifungal activity for various extracts. The leaves were dried powdered unexpected using solvents petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol and water. Chemical tests were performed to ascertain presence of various classes of phyto-constituents like alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids tannins, flavonoids and phenolic substances. All four extracts showed the presence of various phytochemicals responsible for multiple pharmacological activities. The extracts were reconstituted using 1% aqueous solution of carboxy methyl cellulose and were tested for antibacterial and antifungal activity against six microorganisms, namely Bacillus subtilis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Bacillus cereus, Aspergillus Flavus, Aspergillus Niger and Helminthosporium, using well diffusion method. The results of the activity are promising with chloroform extract showing highest inhibitory activity against most of the organisms. All the extracts were able to demonstrate significant activity compared to control inhibition of microorganisms tested and hold key to discover lead molecules after further scientific investigation.
Emerging nanomaterials for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Ram Kumar Pandian Sureshbabu , Rencilin Clayton Fernando , Sundar Krishnan
Published: July 2021

Immunotherapy is a unique approach to treat cancer that targets tumours besides triggering the immune cells. It attempts to harness the supremacy and specificity of immune cells for the regression of malignancy. The key strategy of immunotherapy is that it boosts the natural defence and manipulates the immune system at both cellular and molecular levels. Long-lasting anti-tumour response, reduced metastasis, and recurrence can be achieved with immunotherapy than conventional treatments. For example, targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA4) by monoclonal antibody is reported as an effective strategy against cancer progression in vivo and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) modified T-cells are known to express a stronger anti-tumour activity. CTLA4 and CAR are, therefore, beneficial in cancer immunotherapy; however, in clinical settings, both are expensive and cause adverse side effects. Nanomaterials have augmented advantages in cancer immunotherapy, besides their utility in effective delivery and diagnostics. In particular, materials based on lipids, polymers, and metals have been sought-after for delivery technologies. Moreover, the surface of nanomaterials can be engineered using ligands, antigens, and antibodies to target immune cells. In this sense, checkpoint inhibitors, cytokines, agonistic antibodies, surface receptors, and engineered T-cells are promising to regulate the immune system against tumours. Therefore, emerging nanomaterials that can be used for the treatment of cancer is the prime focus of this review. The correlation of mode of administration and biodistribution of various nanomaterials is reviewed here. Besides, the acute and chronic side effects and outcome of clinical trials in the context of cancer immunotherapy are discussed.
Implementation outlook of plasma radial RCT cutter in emergency wells of "Azneft" PU
Authors:   SOCAR, Iskenderov D.A.
Published: July 2021

Stuck pipe may occur during the operation, repair works and well drilling, even if preventive measures have been taken. The paper presents the data on the reasons of stuck pipe, the ways and tools for releasing unstuck part of it. The detailed information on MCR™ Oil Tools plasma radial RCT cutter, specifically, the components of its construction, the comparison of some typical size cutters by the outer diameter, the comparison of plasma radial cutter with other cutter types are presented, the conclusions on its superiority and successful employment in "Azneft" PU wells made. The prospects of its implementation in the future are marked.
Geologic-geochemical and modelling studies of hydrocarbon migration in the South Caspian basin
Authors:   ", Tagiyev M.F. ,   Oil-Gas Scientific Research Project",   Institute, Azerbaijan Republic, Askerov I.N. ,   "Oil-Gas Scientific Research Project" Institute, Azerbaijan Republic
Published: July 2021

Based on pyrolysis data an overview is given on the generative potential and maturity of individual stratigraphic units in the South Caspian sedimentary cover. Furthermore, the pyrolysis analyses indicate that the Lower Pliocene Productive Series being immature itself is likely to have received hydrocarbon charge from the underlying older strata. The present state of the art in studying hydrocarbon migration and the "source-accumulation" type relationship between source sediments and reservoired oils in the South Caspian basin are touched upon. The views of and geochemical arguments by different authors for charging the Lower Pliocene Productive Series reservoirs with hydrocarbons from the underlying Oligocene-Miocene source layers are presented. Quantitative aspects of hydrocarbon generation, fluid dynamics, and formation of anomalous temperature & pressure fields based on the results of basin modelling in Azerbaijan are considered. Based on geochemical data analysis and modelling studies, as well as honouring reports by other workers the importance and necessity of upward migration for hydrocarbon transfer from deep generation centers to reservoirs of the Productive Series are shown.
Intellectualization of measurement instrumentation for automation in petroleum industry
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Scientific-Research Institute for Labor Protection and Occupational Safety, Gurbanov Kh.M. , Seidahmadov N.S. ,   Azerbaijan State Scientific-Research Institute for Labor Protection and Occupational Safety, Mammadov G.M. ,   Azerbaijan State Scientific-Research Institute for Labor Protection and Occupational Safety, Mammadov R.G. ,   Azerbaijan State Scientific-Research Institute for Labor Protection and Occupational Safety
Published: July 2021

The paper reviews the intellectualization of existing measuring instrumentation and automatic devices towards minimization of breakdowns, pauses and failures in the oil production and processing in petroleum industry on the level of modern development of IT solutions and nanotechnology. The studies justify that the employment of intellectual devices in production is more comfortable than existing traditional tools. In such a way, the intellectualization provides the safety, reliability, measurement accuracy, technical diagnostics and efficiency of equipment operation as well.
Study of acidic oxygen-containing and nitrogenous compounds isolated from 150–350 °C fraction of deep-water Gunashli field oil
Authors:   Institute for Petrochemical Processes, Azerbaijan Republic, Huseynova B.A. , Gafarova N.F. ,   Institute for Petrochemical Processes, Azerbaijan Republic, Bekhmetova E.A. ,   Institute for Petrochemical Processes, Azerbaijan Republic
Published: July 2021

The article presents the results of studies on the structural-group composition of acidic oxygen-containing and nitrogenous compounds isolated from the 150–350 oC fraction of the deep-water oil of Gunashli field. The oil is light, low sulfur, paraffinic, rich in light fractions, the acid number is 1.01 mg KOH/g, the total content of acidic oxygen-containing compounds is 0.17 %, and total nitrogen is 0.11 % by weight. The acid number of the 150–350 oC fraction from the same oil is 242.3 mg KOH/g. Acidic oxygen-containing compounds isolated from this fraction with a yield of 0.19 %, nitrogen-containing 0.145 % mass. The structural-group composition of the isolated concentrates of acidic oxygen and nitrogen-containing compounds was studied by PMR spectroscopy. It was defined that the acidic oxygen-containing compounds more than 2/3 belong to the naphthenic-paraffin series. Nitrogen compounds are for 78 % composed of aminocompounds with naphthenic-paraffinic radicals and aromatic homologues (22 %). They can be used for the synthesis of metal corrosion inhibitors, additives for lubricating oils and other valuable products.
Enhancement lubricity properties of water-based mud with nanoparticles
Authors:   ", Guliyev V.V. ,   Oil-Gas Scientific Research Project",   Institute, Azerbaijan Republic
Published: July 2021

Currently, a great number of drilling fluids with different additives are used all over the world. Such additives are applied to control the properties of the drilling mud. The main purpose for controlling is to achieve more effective and safe drilling process. This research work aims to develop Water-Based Mud (WBM) with a Coefficient of Friction (CoF) as low as Oil-Based Mud (OBM) and better rheological properties. As it is known, produced CoF by WBM is higher than OBM, which means high friction between wellbore or casing and drill string. It was the reason for studying the effect of nanosilica on drilling fluid properties such as lubricity, rheological parameters and filtrate loss volume of drilling mud. The procedures were carried out following API RP 13B and API 13I standards. Five concentrations of nanosilica were selected to be tested. According to the results obtained, it was defined that adding nanosilica into the mud decreases CoF of basic WBM by 26 % and justifies nanosilica as a good lubricating agent for drilling fluid. The decreasing trend in coefficient of friction and plastic viscosity for nanosilica was obtained until the concentration of 0.1 %. This reduction is due to the shear thinning or pseudoplastic fluid behavior. After 0.1 %, an increase at PV value trend indicates that it does not follow shear thinning behavior and after reaching a certain amount of dissolved solids in the mud, it acts like normal drilling fluid. The yield point of the mud containing nanoparticles was higher than the basic one. Moreover, a growth in the concentration leads to an increase in yield point value. The improvement of this fluid system cleaning capacity via hydraulics modification and wellhole stability by filter cake endurance increase by adding nanosilica is shown as well. The average well construction data of “Neft Dashlary” field was used for the simulation studies conducted for the investigation of hydraulics parameters of reviewed fluids for all series of experiments. The test results were accepted reliable in case of at least 3 times repeatability.
Comparative analysis of production potential in Bulla-deniz and Umid gas-condensate fields
Authors:   State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic, Ahmadov E.H.
Published: July 2021

The paper studies the reduction rate of gas production in the wells of Bulla-deniz field drilled to VIII horizon. With this purpose, geological (reservoir properties, oil-gas saturation, net thickness, formation pressure and temperature, formation heterogeneity, multi-layer system, tectonic faults, physical-chemical properties of oil and gas etc.) and technological (well structure, measuring and transportation system, well operation regime, drilling technology etc.) conditions of formation were analyzed and the well model of VII and VIII horizons of Bulla-deniz field using these geological and technical parameters developed as well. For the estimation of impact of geological and technical aspects on production, sensitivity analysis was carried out on the models. The suggestions for elaboration of uncertainty of geological and technical parameters affecting production dynamics were developed. To reveal the reasons for production differences of the wells, it was proposed to install borehole manometers, to obtain the data on pressure recovery curves, drainage area, skin-effect impact, permeability and to develop a study plan of bottomhole zone with acid.
Development and study of new lubricating compositions based on compound esters of cyclic polyatomic alcohols and industrial pentaerithritol ester
Authors:   Institute of Petrochemical Processes, Azerbaijan Republic, Mammadyarov M.A. , Gurbanov G.N. ,   Institute of Petrochemical Processes, Azerbaijan Republic, Yusifova K.M. ,   Institute of Petrochemical Processes, Azerbaijan Republic
Published: July 2021

The simple and anisometric esters of 2.2.5.5-tetra methylol cyclopenthanole were synthesized with hexanole and heptanoic acids adding these esters to those of pentaerithritol and the mixture of fatty acids of С5-С9 fractions, oil compositions were prepared and studied as well. It was defined that operation characteristics of these compositions are significantly better than those of pentaerithritol ester and B-3W oil based on pentaerithritol ester. According to this data, the compositions based on polyol ester are recommended as new lubricants meeting modern standards.
Estimation of professionals’ conformity for oil production cut (in the order of discussion)
Authors:   Azerbaijan National Aerospace Agency, Agayev F.G. , Shirinzade N.A. ,   Azerbaijan National Aerospace Agency
Published: July 2021

The oil industry of Azerbaijan passed a long way of development. With the execution of the Contract of the Century at the end of XX century, new perspectives for the development of the economy of the country opened. However, since the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic, as an OPEC+ member Azerbaijan has assumed corresponding responsibilities on the oil production cut. As a result, oil production cut is planned from the beginning of the middle of 2020 for 96 thousand barrels through May-June, for 63 thousand barrels through July-December, as well as 30 thousand barrels during January 2021 – April 2022. According to this, SOCAR has developed strategic approaches on the measures including oil production cut, capital investment and well suspension. To prevent unexpected risks in the stage of rate decline of oil production, it is necessary to choose a mechanism of making-decision with leading professionals of the field, who should consider the complex of technical, geological and organizational measures, as well as the consistency of their execution in pandemic and after it ends. It is also significant to consider such qualities as their professional competence, far-sightedness, which, therefore, should play an important role in reviewed issue. Using the “Method of expert estimation” the professionals’ conformity with the fulfillment of evaluation calculation are reviewed.
Innovations in nanotechnology: a method of increasing reliability and efficiency of the operation of gas compressor units
Authors:   “Azneft” PU, Temurov T.I.
Published: July 2021

The issue of improving the reliability and efficiency of the operation of gas-engine compressor units (GMSA) depends on the solution of a number of theoretical and applied problems. The solution of the problems is associated with many factors directly affecting the nature of the equipment, depending on the specific operating conditions. The main task in improving operational efficiency and reliability is to disclose the cause-effect relationships of unit failures through an explanation of the physical nature and patterns of failures in order to develop measures to prevent and control the most common failures to manage and ensure the reliability of the MCA. As a result of the study [1], it turned out that the most significant and sensitive aspect is the oil system and directly lubricating oil MS-20, the parameters of which early cease to meet standard values. The subsequent events lead to an acceleration of the onset of failures of the mechanical system, unproductive interruptions and downtime for repairs and maintenance. As a result of the analysis of the reliability and operational efficiency of the units, the reasons and consequences of the low reliability of the elements of the oil and mechanical systems of the units are identified. The basic indicators of reliability and distribution of operating time of both systems, their interpretation are calculated. The characteristic properties of the stress state of the near-surface layers of rubbing pairs of HMCA are substantiated. A detailed analysis of the characteristics of the boundary layer showed that its performance substantially depends on the additive, which at high temperatures leads to the adsorption and chemisorption of active substances in the form of a low-dispersion nanometric additive. These include the additive, the original nanotechnology based on the application of the “effect of low concentrations and disturbances”, the author of which is Doctor in Technical Sciences, prof. E.K. Shakhbazov, proposed to improve the reliability and efficiency of operation of the mining and metallurgical complex.
Results of works carried out via electrical exploration method for searching groundwater sources suitable for drinking and household use in the debris cone of Turyanchay river
Authors:   ", Mahmudova M.A. ,   Oil-Gas Scientific Research Project",   Institute, Azerbaijan Republic
Published: July 2021

The paper deals with the exploration works conducted via electrical exploration method for searching groundwater sources suitable for drinking and household use in the debris cone area of Turyanchay river. As a results of carried out studies, the areas with groundwater sources suitable for drinking and household use are marked, lithological content and depth of water horizons specified as well. With the aim of estimation of fresh groundwater reserves in the debris cone area of Turyanchay river suitable for drinking, ρf and geological-geophysical sections have been developed due to the geophysical surveys executed via vertical electrical sounding (VES) methods. To specify the lithology of the rocks and reveal formations with reservoir properties, logging operations have been carried out. The thickness of clay formations comprising the sections increases from the north-west to the south-east; alongside with this due to the alternations of gravel sediments with clay rocks the specific electrical resistence of the rocks decreases. As a result of exploration of water sources suitable for drinking in the debris cone of Turyanchay river, the water content of the rocks in mentioned area has been studied to the depth of 285 m, the prospective zones of fresh and less mineralized groundwater marked, initial reserves estimated and prospective zones for accurate surveys specified as well.
Development and implementation of device for capturing large mechanical particles falling into the space between cylinder and plunger of sucker-rod pump
Authors:   ", Hajikerimova L.G. ,   Oil-Gas Scientific Research Project",   Institute, Azerbaijan Republic
Published: July 2021

The deep pump, mainly sucker-rod deep pumping method is widely applied in the onshore oil wells of Azerbaijan. Despite the fact that the deep-well sucker rod pumping method is widespread, its operation in sand-producing wells is accompanied by various complications. Since mechanical particles wearing the pump parts out, falling into the space between the plunger and the cylinder, either wedge the plunger inside the cylinder or increase the gap between them. To prevent the ingress of large particles of sand into the gap between the plunger and the cylinder of the deep sucker rod pump, a device for sand trapping has been developed. The sand-trapping device is installed within the well tubing strings on the rod string and prevents the big particles of the liquid in the pipes falling into the gap between the plunger and cylinder. As the plunger, the device is started via balanced head. Due to the equipment installation, the liquid injected from the pump undergoes pressure decrease and the conditions for deposition and accumulation of large particles are formed.
Obtaining and investigation of the salts of cis – (2-((1h-benzo [d][1,2,3] triazol-1-yl) methyl) -1,3-dioxolan-4-yl) methyl benzoate with acetic and hydrochloric acid
Authors:   ", Hasanova U.E. ,   Oil-Gas Scientific Research Project",   Institute, Azerbaijan Republic
Published: July 2021

New biocides (I and II) were synthesized against corrosive bacteria as a result of the reaction of cis–(2-((1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)methyl)-1,3-dioxalan-4-yl) methyl benzoate based on benzotriazole with acetic and hydrochloric acid. Their physical-chemical properties were investigated and biocidal properties studied in various concentrations, as well as the effect of reagents on hydrogen sulfide corrosion. It was specified that the protective effect of the synthesized salts from hydrogen sulfide corrosion was 75 %, and the biocidal effect from microbiological corrosion was equal to 100 %.