bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Raster plots machine learning to predict the seizure liability of drugs and to identify drugs
Authors: Matsuda N. , Odawara A. , Kinoshita K. , Okamura A. , Shirakawa T. , Suzuki I.
Published: February 2022

In vitro microelectrode array (MEA) assessment using human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons holds promise as a method of seizure and toxicity evaluation. However, there are still issues surrounding the analysis methods used to predict seizure and toxicity liability as well as drug mechanisms of action. In the present study, we developed an artificial intelligence (AI) capable of predicting the seizure liability of drugs and identifying drugs using deep learning based on raster plots of neural network activity. The seizure liability prediction AI had a prediction accuracy of 98.4% for the drugs used to train it, classifying them correctly based on their responses as either seizure-causing compounds or seizure-free compounds. The AI also made concentration-dependent judgments of the seizure liability of drugs that it was not trained on. In addition, the drug identification AI implemented using the leave-one-sample-out scheme could distinguish among 13 seizure-causing compounds as well as seizure-free compound responses, with a mean accuracy of 99.9 ± 0.1% for all drugs. These AI prediction models are able to identify seizure liability concentration-dependence, rank the level of seizure liability based on the seizure liability probability, and identify the mechanism of the action of compounds. This holds promise for the future of in vitro MEA assessment as a powerful, high-accuracy new seizure liability prediction method.
Intraprocedural OCT monitoring of the immediate treatment response during indocyanine green angiography-guided laser therapy of teleangiectatic capillaries in diabetic macular edema
Authors: Datlinger Felix , Datlinger Anja , Pollreisz Andreas , Sacu Stefan , Schmidt-Erfurth Ursula , Datlinger Peter
Published: February 2022

In this retrospective study the morphological response of teleangiectatic capillaries (TCs) to focal laser treatment and the functional and morphological outcome after Indocyanine green angiography (ICGA)-guided laser therapy was evaluated. TCs in eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) were treated with laser therapy. The immediate and subsequent reaction of the TCs lumina to direct photocoagulation was monitored with customized OCT single scans. Additionally, patients were treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF as needed. 12 eyes of 9 patients with treatment naive (6 eyes) and pretreated (6 eyes) DME were followed-up for a mean of 24 months (± 8.1SD). Best-corrected visual acuity improved from 0.25 logMar (± 0.2SD) to 0.12 (± 0.10SD; p = 0.06) at each patient’s last visit. During laser treatment a darkening of the TCs lumina was achieved in 91.3% of lesions. All these lesions fully resolved, whereas TCs, which showed no darkening of their lumen in OCT persisted and required re-treatment with laser. Additional anti-VEGF injections were indicated in only one eye (8.3%). The darkening of the TCs lumina visible in OCT might provide an image-biomarker that indicates successful coagulation of aneurysmatic lesions. Consequently, a significant functional and morphological improvement with need for anti-VEGF treatment in only one eye, was achieved.

Information concerning the registration of the trial: date of registration: 11th of december, 2019. Trial registration number: 107/2019.
RNA-seq analysis reveals the genes/pathways responsible for genetic plasticity of rice to varying environmental conditions on direct-sowing and transplanting
Authors: Kumar Suresh , Seem Karishma , Kumar Santosh , Mohapatra Trilochan
Published: February 2022

Rice cultivation by transplanting requires plenty of water. It might become a challenging task in future to grow rice by transplanting due to the climatic change, water and labor scarcities. Direct-sown rice (DSR) is emerging as a resource-conserving and climate-smart alternative to transplanted rice (TPR). However, no specific variety has been bred for dry/direct-sown conditions. The present study was undertaken to decipher the molecular basis of genetic plasticity of rice under different planting methods. Comparative RNA-seq analysis revealed a number (6133) of genes exclusively up-regulated in Nagina-22 (N-22) leaf under DSR conditions, compared to that (3538) in IR64 leaf. Several genes up-regulated in N-22 were down-regulated in IR64. Genes for growth-regulation and nutrient-reservoir activities, transcription factors, translational machinery, carbohydrate metabolism, cell cycle/division, and chromatin organization/epigenetic modifications were considerably up-regulated in the leaf of N-22 under DSR conditions. Complementary effects of these factors in rendering genetic plasticity were confirmed by the agronomic/physiological performance of rice cultivar. Thus, growth-regulation/nutrient-reservoir activities, transcription factors, and translational machinery are important molecular factors responsible for the observed genetic plasticity/adaptability of Nagina-22 to different planting methods. This might help to develop molecular markers for DSR breeding, replacing TPR with DSR for better water-productivity, and minimizing greenhouse-gas emission necessary for negative emission agriculture.
Study on sustainable developments in Guangdong Province from 2013 to 2018 based on an improved ecological footprint model
Authors: Liu Ye , Zhou Xi , Zhang Qiuyun , Zeng Lixuan , Kang Yuan , Luo Jiwen
Published: February 2022

Aiming at the ecological footprint model, the traditional trade adjustment method only considered the international trade process at the urban scale, ignoring the trade footprint generated by domestic trade and indirect trade in various products. This paper adopts the urban-scale ecological footprint model based on the macro-trade adjustment method to calculate the trade adjustment coefficient of biological products and the energy trade adjustment coefficient respectively to correct the trade footprint. The results showed that the per capita ecological deficit showed a straight upward trend, from 0.07351 hm2 in 2013 to 0.15472 hm2 in 2018. From 2013 to 2018, the per capita ecological footprint of Guangdong Province was greater than the per capita ecological carrying capacity, and the ecological economic system of Guangdong Province was in an unsustainable state. According to the trade ecological footprint, Guangdong Province was a completely foreign resource and service exporting city, which was consistent with Guangdong Province’s own economic development direction; the analysis results of the ecological product trade footprint were more consistent with the current city positioning of biological resource products of each city, and the energy indirect trade footprint. The improved ecological footprint model could more accurately assess the true status of ecological vitality above the urban scale.
Correlation of radiological features of white epidermoid cysts with histopathological findings
Authors: Jamjoom Dima Z. , Alamer Ali , Tampieri Donatella
Published: February 2022

Epidermoid cysts are benign congenital extra-axial lesions commonly found in the posterior fossa. These lesions have a characteristic imaging appearance on computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but occasionally they may exhibit atypical radiological features, showing unusual hyperintensity on T1-weighted images (T1WI). Currently, such atypical appearance is referred to as white epidermoid. We present the imaging features of 5 cases of white epidermoid cyst and discuss the possible underlying etiology of this unusual radiological appearance. We retrospectively searched our electronic radiology database from January 2005 to December 2015 for all intracranial epidermoid cysts, which were confirmed either by typical MRI appearance or histopathological examination. All white epidermoid cases were evaluated with non-enhanced CT scan and multisequential MRI. Histopathological correlation was carried out in four white epidermoid cases. A total of 61 patients with epidermoid cyst were found, of those 5 (8%) were considered white epidermoids. These consisted of 3 females and 2 males, ranging in age between 31–63 years (average age was 51.8 years). Three patients had lesions located in the posterior fossa. The 2 other patients had lesions in the suprasellar region, with extension to the right middle cranial fossa in one. All 5 lesions were hyperdense on CT scan and hyperintense on T1WI. One patient demonstrated evidence of transformation of a classic epidermoid to a white epidermoid after partial resection. Histopathologically, cholesterol clefts were seen in 3 epidermoid cysts, each which also showed microcalcifications, proteinaceous material or melanin. Hemorrhage was demonstrated in one additional lesion. White epidermoid cyst is an unusual intracranial lesion that should be considered when encountered with an extra-axial T1 hyperintense lesion. The cause of this hyperintensity is not clearly understood, but the presence of cholesterol, microcalcifications, proteinaceous content and rarely hemorrhage or melanin may be contributing factors.
Single-particle excitations in the uniform electron gas by diagrammatic Monte Carlo
Authors: Haule Kristjan , Chen Kun
Published: February 2022

We calculate the single-particle excitation spectrum and the Landau liquid parameters for the archetypal model of solids, the three-dimensional uniform electron gas, with the variational diagrammatic Monte Carlo method, which gives numerically controlled results without systematic error. In the metallic range of density, we establish benchmark values for the wave-function renormalization factor Z, the effective mass $$m^*/m$$

m
∗

/
m

, and the Landau parameters $$F_0^s$$

F
0
s

and $$F_0^a$$

F
0
a

with unprecedented accuracy, and we resolve the long-standing puzzle of non-monotonic dependence of mass on density. We also exclude the possibility that experimentally measured large reduction of bandwidth in Na metal can originate from the charge and spin fluctuations contained in the model of the uniform electron gas.
Tissue miR-200c-3p and circulating miR-1290 as potential prognostic biomarkers for colorectal cancer
Authors: Kang Enoch , Jung Sung Cheol , Nam Soo Kyung , Park Yujun , Seo Soo Hyun , Park Kyoung Un , Oh Heung-Kwon , Kim Duck-Woo , Kang Sung-Bum , Lee Hye Seung
Published: February 2022

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related cancers generally elicit low immune responses. EMT is regulated by several microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancers. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the prognostic potential of EMT-related miRNAs as biomarkers in colorectal cancer (CRC). Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor and normal tissue and plasma samples were obtained from 65 patients with pathologically confirmed CRC. In addition, plasma samples were obtained from 30 healthy volunteers. Immunohistochemical staining for E-cadherin, ZEB1, PD-1, PD-L1, CD3, CD4, CD8, Foxp3, and CD68 was conducted on tissue samples. Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) analysis was performed to evaluate miR-21-5p, 34a-5p, 138-5p, 200a-3p, 200b-5p, 200c-3p, 630, 1246, and 1290 expression in tissue samples and miR-630, 1246, and 1290 expression in plasma samples. miR-21-5p, 34a-5p, 630, 1246, and 1290 expression was higher in tumor tissues than in normal tissues (P < 0.05). EMT was significantly associated with reduced tumor-infiltrating T cells. Moreover, miR-21-5p, miR-34a-5p, miR-200a-3p, and miR-200c-3p expression was negatively correlated with T cell density (P < 0.05). High tissue levels of miR-200c-3p were associated with poor overall survival (OS) (P < 0.001). CRC patients with the EMT phenotype had poor OS; however, PD-L1 positivity and abundant PD-1 positive immune cells were correlated with better OS (P < 0.05). miR-1246 and miR-1290 levels were significantly higher in the plasma of patients with CRC than in the plasma of healthy controls (P < 0.05). High plasma levels of miR-1290 were correlated with advanced stage and poor OS (P < 0.05). The tissue expression of miR-200c-3p and plasma levels of miR-1290 measured by ddPCR indicate their potential as prognostic biomarkers for CRC.
Sources and levels of copper affect liver copper profile, intestinal morphology and cecal microbiota population of broiler chickens fed wheat-soybean meal diets
Authors: Nguyen Hoai Thi Thanh , Kheravii Sarbast K. , Wu Shu-biao , Roberts Julie R. , Swick Robert A. , Toghyani Mehdi
Published: February 2022

Super dosing copper (Cu) has long been used as an alternative to antibiotic growth-promoters in broiler chickens’ diet to improve gut health. This study was designed to compare nutritional and growth-promoting levels of Cu hydroxychloride (CH) with CuSO4on gut health bio-markers and liver mineral profile of broiler chickens. Ross 308 chicks (n = 864) were randomly assigned to eight treatments, as basal diet containing no supplemental Cu; the basal diet with 15 or 200 mg/kg Cu as CuSO4; or 15, 50, 100, 150 or 200 mg/kg Cu from CH. The highest liver Cu content was observed in birds fed the diets with 200 mg/kg CuSO4(P < 0.01). Serum FITC-d concentration as the leaky gut marker, and liver malondialdehyde concentration were not affected. Copper level or source had no effect on cecal short chain fatty acid and the mRNA expression of five jejunal genes involved in gut integrity. Negative linear responses of Cu were observed onLactobacillus(P = 0.032),Bacteroides(P = 0.033), andEnterobacteriaceae(P = 0.028) counts. The jejunal villus height increased in birds fed CH at 200 and 100 mg/kg (P < 0.05). Increasing Cu levels, linearly and quadratically (P < 0.001), increased Cu excretion.
Machine learning-aided risk prediction for metabolic syndrome based on 3 years study
Authors: Yang Haizhen , Yu Baoxian , OUYang Ping , Li Xiaoxi , Lai Xiaoying , Zhang Guishan , Zhang Han
Published: February 2022

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of physiological states of metabolic disorders, which may increase the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular and other diseases. Therefore, it is of great significance to predict the onset of MetS and the corresponding risk factors. In this study, we investigate the risk prediction for MetS using a data set of 67,730 samples with physical examination records of three consecutive years provided by the Department of Health Management, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, P.R. China. Specifically, the prediction for MetS takes the numerical features of examination records as well as the differential features by using the examination records over the past two consecutive years, namely, the differential numerical feature (DNF) and the differential state feature (DSF), and the risk factors of the above features w.r.t different ages and genders are statistically analyzed. From numerical results, it is shown that the proposed DSF in addition to the numerical feature of examination records, significantly contributes to the risk prediction of MetS. Additionally, the proposed scheme, by using the proposed features, yields a superior performance to the state-of-the-art MetS prediction model, which provides the potential of effective prescreening the occurrence of MetS.
Projecting the impact of Covid-19 variants and vaccination strategies in disease transmission using a multilayer network model in Costa Rica
Authors: García Yury E. , Mery Gustavo , Vásquez Paola , Calvo Juan G. , Barboza Luis A. , Rivas Tania , Sanchez Fabio
Published: February 2022

For countries starting to receive steady supplies of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, the course of Covid-19 for the following months will be determined by the emergence of new variants and successful roll-out of vaccination campaigns. To anticipate this scenario, we used a multilayer network model developed to forecast the transmission dynamics of Covid-19 in Costa Rica, and to estimate the impact of the introduction of the Delta variant in the country, under two plausible vaccination scenarios, one sustaining Costa Rica’s July 2021 vaccination pace of 30,000 doses per day and with high acceptance from the population and another with declining vaccination pace to 13,000 doses per day and with lower acceptance. Results suggest that the introduction and gradual dominance of the Delta variant would increase Covid-19 hospitalizations and ICU admissions by $$35\%$$

35
%

and $$33.25\%$$

33.25
%

, respectively, from August 2021 to December 2021, depending on vaccine administration and acceptance. In the presence of the Delta variant, new Covid-19 hospitalizations and ICU admissions are estimated to increase around $$24.26\%$$

24.26
%

and $$27.19\%$$

27.19
%

, respectively, in the same period if the vaccination pace drops. Our results can help decision-makers better prepare for the Covid-19 pandemic in the months to come.
Exploring synthetic biology for the development of a sensor cell line for automated bioprocess control
Authors: Zeh Nikolas , Bräuer Melina , Raab Nadja , Handrick René , Otte Kerstin
Published: February 2022

Unfavorable process conditions lead to adverse cultivation states, limited cell growth and thus hamper biotherapeutic protein production. Oxygen deficiency or hyperosmolality are among the most critical process conditions and therefore require continuous monitoring. We established a novel sensor CHO cell line with the ability to automatically sense and report unwanted process conditions by the expression of destabilized fluorescent proteins. To this end, an inducible real-time system to detect hypoxia by hypoxia response elements (HREs) of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) origin reporting limitations by the expression of destabilized green fluorescent protein (GFP) was created. Additionally, we established a technique for observing hyperosmolality by exploiting osmotic response elements (OREs) for the expression of unstable blue fluorescent protein (BFP, FKBP-BFP), enabling the simultaneous automated supervision of two bioprocess parameters by using a dual sensor CHO cell line transfected with a multiplexable monitoring system. We finally also provided a fully automated in-line fluorescence microscopy-based setup to observe CHO cells and their response to varying culture conditions. In summary, we created the first CHO cell line, reporting unfavorable process parameters to the operator, and provided a novel and promising sensor technology accelerating the implementation of the process analytical technology (PAT) initiative by innovative solutions.
A non-invasive method for concurrent detection of early-stage women-specific cancers
Authors: Gupta Ankur , Sagar Ganga , Siddiqui Zaved , Rao Kanury V. S. , Nayak Sujata , Saquib Najmuddin , Anand Rajat
Published: February 2022

We integrated untargeted serum metabolomics using high-resolution mass spectrometry with data analysis using machine learning algorithms to accurately detect early stages of the women specific cancers of breast, endometrium, cervix, and ovary across diverse age-groups and ethnicities. A two-step approach was employed wherein cancer-positive samples were first identified as a group. A second multi-class algorithm then helped to distinguish between the individual cancers of the group. The approach yielded high detection sensitivity and specificity, highlighting its utility for the development of multi-cancer detection tests especially for early-stage cancers.
Towards the direct detection of viral materials at the surface of protective face masks via infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Schorer Vanessa , Haas Julian , Stach Robert , Kokoric Vjekoslav , Groß Rüdiger , Muench Jan , Hummel Tim , Sobek Harald , Mennig Jan , Mizaikoff Boris
Published: February 2022

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic represents a considerable risk for the general public and especially for health care workers. To avoid an overloading of the health care system and to control transmission chains, the development of rapid and cost-effective techniques allowing for the reliable diagnosis of individuals with acute respiratory infections are crucial. Uniquely, the present study focuses on the development of a direct face mask sampling approach, as worn (i.e., used) disposable face masks contain exogenous environmental constituents, as well as endogenously exhaled breath aerosols. Optical techniques—and specifically infrared (IR) molecular spectroscopic techniques—are promising tools for direct virus detection at the surface of such masks. In the present study, a rapid and non-destructive approach for monitoring exposure scenarios via medical face masks using attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy is presented. Complementarily, IR external reflection spectroscopy was evaluated in comparison for rapid mask analysis. The utility of a face mask-based sampling approach was demonstrated by differentiating water, proteins, and virus-like particles sampled onto the mask. Data analysis using multivariate statistical algorithms enabled unambiguously classifying spectral signatures of individual components and biospecies. This approach has the potential to be extended towards the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2—as shown herein for the example of virus-like particles which are morphologically equivalent to authentic virus—without any additional sample preparation or elaborate testing equipment at laboratory facilities. Therefore, this strategy may be implemented as a routine large-scale monitoring routine, e.g., at health care institutions, nursing homes, etc. ensuring the health and safety of medical personnel.
Exploration of early social behaviors and social styles in relation to individual characteristics in suckling piglets
Authors: Clouard C. , Resmond R. , Prunier A. , Tallet C. , Merlot E.
Published: February 2022

Social behavior is a key component of pig welfare on farms, but little is known on the development of social behaviors in piglets. This study aimed to explore social behaviors and identify early social styles in suckling piglets. Social behaviors of 68 piglets from 12 litters were scored continuously for 8 h per day at 21 and 42 days of age, and were included in a Hierarchical Clustering on Principal Components analysis to identify clusters of pigs with similar social styles. Social nosing represented 78% of all social interactions given. Three social styles were identified: low-solicited inactive animals (inactive), active animals (active), and highly-solicited avoiders (avoiders). Belonging to a cluster was independent of age, but was influenced by sex, with females being more represented in the ‘inactive’ cluster, and males in the ‘active’ cluster, whereas both sexes were equally represented in the ‘avoider’ cluster. Stability of piglets’ allocation to specific clusters over age was high in the ‘inactive’ (59%) and ‘active’ (65%) clusters, but low in the ‘avoider’ cluster (7%). Haptoglobin and growth rate were higher in ‘active’ than ‘inactive’ pigs, and intermediate in ‘avoiders’. Our findings suggest the existence of transient social styles in piglets, likely reflective of sexual dimorphism or health status.
Highly-selective and sensitive plasmon-enhanced fluorescence sensor of aflatoxins
Authors: Sergeyeva Tetyana , Yarynka Daria , Lytvyn Vitaly , Demydov Petro , Lopatynskyi Andriy , Stepanenko Yevgeny , Brovko Oleksandr , Pinchuk Anatoly , Chegel Volodymyr
Published: February 2022

MIP films were used for the development of aflatoxin B1-selective sensor. The amplification of the sensor response was achieved due to Ag-nanoparticles in their structure. The linear dynamic range of the MIP sensor is 0.3–25 ng mL−1.
Deep eutectic solvents comprising creatine and citric acid and their hydrated mixtures
Authors: Heaney Matthew P. , Adhikari Laxmi , Siegel Asher L. , Pekar Kyle B , Lefton Jonathan B , McGuire Claire , Rungthanaphatsophon Pokpong , Walensky Justin R. , Baker Gary A. , Runčevski Tomče
Published: February 2022

We report the phase diagram for the binary creatine–citric acid mixture which features a stable and broad eutectic region.
Microchannel-confined crystallization: shape-controlled continuous preparation of a high-quality CL-20/HMX cocrystal
Authors: Li Li , Ling Huijun , Tao Jun , Pei Chonghua , Duan Xiaohui
Published: February 2022

Shape-controlled continuous preparation of a high-quality CL-20/HMX cocrystal has been realized through a microchannel-confined crystallization strategy.
EDL structure of ionic liquid-MXene-based supercapacitor and hydrogen bond role on the interface: a molecular dynamics simulation investigation
Authors: Wang Ziyi , Chen Junwu , Li Yao , Dong Kun , Yu Yinghao
Published: February 2022

The terminations of MXenes which form hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl groups in a cation strongly influence the cations’ arrangement at the interface.
Heparosan oligosaccharide synthesis using engineered single-function glycosyltransferases
Authors: Deng Jian-Qun , Lu Zhen , Liu Juan , Zhao Yan , Hou Xu-Ben , Guo Xue-Ping , Jiang Wen-Jie , Wang Feng-Shan , Sheng Ju-Zheng
Published: February 2022

A 24-fold increase in GlcNAc-transferase ability through KfiA screening and engineering. An approach for heparosan oligosaccharide synthesis relying on single-function glycosyltransferases.
Bovine α-lactalbumin-derived peptides attenuate TNF-α-induced insulin resistance and inflammation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through inhibiting JNK and NF-κB signaling
Authors: Gao Jing , Guo Kairui , Du Min , Mao Xueying
Published: February 2022

KILDK increased glucose uptakeviareversing inflammation, decreasing JNK phosphorylation and IRS-1 phosphorylation, and enhancing Akt phosphorylation. Red and blue arrows represent changes in response to TNF-α and peptide KILDK, respectively.
Au(111)@Ti6O11 heterostructure composites with enhanced synergistic effects as efficient electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Xiong Gangquan , Wang Yanwei , Xu Fan , Tang Gangrong , Zhang Huijuan , Wang Feipeng , Wang Yu
Published: February 2022

Developing cost-effective electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is of great significance for the renewable energy field.
Investigation of light–matter interaction in single vertical nanowires in ordered nanowire arrays
Authors: Li Ziyuan , Li Li , Wang Fan , Xu Lei , Gao Qian , Alabadla Ahmed , Peng Kun , Vora Kaushal , Hattori Haroldo T. , Tan Hark Hoe , Jagadish Chennupati , Fu Lan
Published: February 2022

Single vertical nanowire photodetectors from ordered InP nanowire arrays were fabricated by using the focused ion beam technique to directly investigate the light–matter interaction in nanowire arrays and its effect on photodetector performance.
Spongy titanosilicate promotes the catalytic performance and reusability of WO3 in oxidative cleavage of methyl oleate
Authors: Xin Shihao , Peng Xinxin , Zhang Yao , Zheng Aiguo , Xia Changjiu , Lin Min , Zhu Bin , Huang Zuoxin , Shu Xingtian
Published: February 2022

Proposed “dissolve and precipitate” reaction mechanism of WO3–STS catalyzed MO oxidative cleavage reaction.
Lanthanide induced variability in localised CoII geometries of four triangular L3Co3IILnIII complexes
Authors: Dais Tyson N. , Takano Rina , Ishida Takayuki , Plieger Paul G.
Published: February 2022

Four acyclic CoII–3LnIII triangle complexes are reported in which two Co ions in each complex are octahedral while the third Co exhibits a lanthanide dependent coordination geometry. Magnetic analysis of the La complex shows a large ZFS effect for Co.
An assessment of an ion exchange resin system for the removal and recovery of Ni, Hg, and Cr from wet flue gas desulphurization wastewater—a pilot study
Authors: Czupryński Piotr , Płotka Maciej , Glamowski Piotr , Żukowski Witold , Bajda Tomasz
Published: February 2022

Pilot-scale study of an ion exchange resin system for the selective removal/recovery of Ni, Hg, and Cr from desulphurisation wastewater.
NHC and visible light-mediated photoredox co-catalyzed 1,4-sulfonylacylation of 1,3-enynes for tetrasubstituted allenyl ketones
Authors: Wang Lihong , Ma Ruiyang , Sun Jiaqiong , Zheng Guangfan , Zhang Qian
Published: February 2022

Unprecedented NHC and photocatalysis co-catalyzed radical 1,4-sulfonylacylation of 1,3-enynes has been realized, providing structurally diversified tetrasubstituted allenyl ketones via allenyl and ketyl radical cross-coupling.
Phenanthroline-imine ligands for iron-catalyzed alkene hydrosilylation
Authors: Sun Wei , Li Ming-Peng , Li Lu-Jie , Huang Qiang , Hu Meng-Yang , Zhu Shou-Fei
Published: February 2022

Newly developed iron complexes bearing 2-imino-9-aryl-1,10-phenanthroline ligands were successfully used to catalyze hydrosilylation of terminal alkenes and conjugated dienes in high yields with excellent anti-Markovnikov selectivity.
Solving the difficult recyclability of conventional thermosetting polyurea elastomers based on commercial raw materials in a facile way
Authors: Lei Yuan , Wang Yi , Yuan Anqian , Zhao Shiwei , Chen Yue , Xiao Yao , Jiang Liang , Lei Jingxin
Published: February 2022

The integration of mechanically robust properties (Tgs to Tv) and a dynamic nature (Tv to Td) into one network was achieved for thermosetting polyurea elastomers based on classic urea bonds.
A ZnFe2O4-catalyzed segment imprinted polymer on a three-dimensional origami paper-based microfluidic chip for the detection of microcystin
Authors: Han Jinglong , Liu Feng , Qi Ji , Arabi Maryam , Li Wenpeng , Wang Guoqing , Chen Lingxin , Li Bowei
Published: February 2022

A novel microfluidic paper-based colorimetric device (μPAD) was proposed by combining molecular imprinting technology (MIP) and Fenton reaction for on-site microcystin-RR (MC-RR) determination in complex water samples.
Degradable polymeric nanomaterials with a high solid content and multiple morphologies by polymerization-induced self-assembly
Authors: Liu Jing , Wu Wen-Jun , Sun Xiao-Li , Qian Qing-Rong , Xiao Li-Ren
Published: February 2022

Degradable polymeric nanomaterials with a high solid content of up to 26.0% and multiple morphologies, including spheres, vesicles, worms, and large compound vesicles, have been successfully achieved via radical ring-opening copolymerization-induced self-assembly.
The effects of solvation on the back reaction and storage capabilities of solar thermal energy storage systems
Authors: Kjeldsen Ida Lützen Hoff , Høvring Julie Franck , von Buchwald Theo Juncker , Hillers-Bendtsen Andreas Erbs , Mikkelsen Kurt V.
Published: February 2022

The importance of dielectric constants and viscosities on energy storage and rate constants.
THz non-linear optical response in cuprates: predominance of the BCS response over the Higgs mode
Authors: Udina Mattia , Fiore Jacopo , Cea Tommaso , Castellani Claudio , Seibold Goetz , Benfatto Lara
Published: February 2022

We compute the nonlinear current JNL induced by an intense THz field in superconducting cuprates. We find that JNL is dominated by the BCS response, showing comparable para- and diamagnetic contributions, in agreement with θ-resolved THG experiments.
Correction: Synthesis of TiO2 nanotubes with ZnO nanoparticles to achieve antibacterial properties and stem cell compatibility
Authors: Liu Wenwen , Su Penglei , Chen Su , Wang Na , Ma Yuanping , Liu Yiran , Wang Jinshu , Zhang Zhenting , Li Hongyi , Webster Thomas J.
Published: February 2022

Correction for ‘Synthesis of TiO2 nanotubes with ZnO nanoparticles to achieve antibacterial properties and stem cell compatibility’ by Wenwen Liu et al., Nanoscale, 2014, 6, 9050–9062, DOI: 10.1039/C4NR01531B.
Engineered phase of nickel sulfides inside hairy hollow fibers towards high-performance anodes for flexible potassium ion hybrid capacitors
Authors: Yan Dukang , Han Bing , Wang Zili , Shao Yiying , Wu Yu , Deng Chao , Chen Meng , Zhang Sen
Published: February 2022

Benefitting from the well-designed structure and preferable hexagonal phase, an α-NiS-NSCN anode achieves high pliability, superior rate capability and good cycling stability for PIHCs.
Confining single Pt atoms from Pt clusters on multi-armed CdS for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Lu Xiangyu , Tong Aomei , Luo Dian , Jiang Fan , Wei Jieding , Huang Yucheng , Jiang Zheng , Lu Zhou , Ni Yonghong
Published: February 2022

Atomically dispersed platinum clusters are developed as a novel single atom co-catalyst, which dramatically enhances the photocatalytic H2production rate.
Sorption-tree with scalable hygroscopic adsorbent-leaves for water harvesting
Authors: Deng Fangfang , Xiang Chengjie , Wang Chenxi , Wang Ruzhu
Published: February 2022

A tree-like structure from 2D to 3D is developed for the first time to promote water harvesting performance by 200–300%. Water productivity of 3200 ml per m2 per day is achieved by the sorption-tree with super hygroscopic adsorbent leaves.
Fast ship detection based on lightweight YOLOv5 network
Authors: Zheng Jia‐Chun , Sun Shi‐Dan , Zhao Shi‐Jia
Published: February 2022

Aiming at a series of problems such as detection accuracy, calculation blocking, display delay, and so on in the ship detection of surveillance video, an improved YOLOv5 algorithm is proposed in this paper. First, to improve the detection performance, it is proposed to optimize the anchor box algorithm in the YOLOv5 network according to the ship target characteristics. Then, the t‐SNE algorithm is used to reduce and visualize the data set label information and perform weighted analysis on the processed features for low‐dimensional data. The mapped kernel k‐means clustering algorithm adaptively selects a more appropriate anchor box and considers the detection performance of large and small ship targets. Secondly, to improve the problem of computational blocking and delay, the BN scaling factor γ is used to compress the YOLOv5 network, so that the model can be reduced without reducing the detection performance. The optimized YOLOv5 framework is trained on the self‐integrated data set. The accuracy of the algorithm is increased by 2.34%, and the ship detection speed reaches 98 fps and 20 fps in the server environment and the low computing power version (Jetson nano), respectively.
Redundant apodization for direct imaging of exoplanets
Authors: Leboulleux Lucie , Carlotti Alexis , N’Diaye Mamadou
Published: February 2022

Context. Direct imaging and spectroscopy of Earth-like planets and young Jupiters require contrast values up to 106−1010 at angular separations of a few dozen milliarcseconds. To achieve this goal, one of the most promising approaches consists of using large segmented primary mirror telescopes with coronagraphic instruments. While they are able to reach high contrast at small angular separations, coronagraphs are highly sensitive to wavefront errors, however. The segmentation itself is responsible for phasing errors and segment-level vibrations that have to be controlled at a subnanometric accuracy.

Aims. We propose an innovative method for a coronagraph design that allows a consequent relaxation of the segment phasing and stability constraints for low segment-count mirrors and generates an instrument that is more robust to segment-level wavefront errors.

Methods. This method is based on an optimization of the coronagraph design that includes a segment-level apodization. This is repeated over the pupil to match the segmentation redundancy and improves the contrast stability beyond the minimum separation set by the single-segment diffraction limit.

Results. We validate this method on a Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT)-like pupil (seven circular segments) for two coronagraph types: apodized pupil Lyot coronagraphs, and apodizing phase plate coronagraphs. For the apodized pupil Lyot coronagraphs, redundant apodization enables releasing the piston phasing constraints by a factor of 5-20 compared to classical designs. For the apodizing phase plate coronagraphs, the contrast remains almost constant up to 1 radian RMS of the phasing errors. We also show that redundant apodizations increase the robustness of the coronagraph to segment tip-tilt errors, as well as to missing segment errors.

Conclusions. Redundant apodization enables reducing or even removing any constraints on the primary mirror segment phasing at the price of larger angular separations and lower throughputs. This method cannot be applied to higher-segment count mirrors such as the ELT or the TMT, but it is particularly suitable for low segment-count mirrors (fewer than ~20 segments) such as the GMT aperture. These mirrors aim for high-contrast imaging of debris disks or exoplanets down to 100 mas.
Interpolation of spectra from 3D model atmospheres
Authors: Bertran de Lis S. , Prieto Allende , Ludwig H.-G. , Koesterke L.
Published: February 2022

Context. The use of 3D hydrodynamical simulations of stellar surface convection for model atmospheres is computationally expensive. Although these models have been available for quite some time, their use is limited because of the lack of extensive grids of simulations and associated spectra.

Aims. Our goal is to provide a method to interpolate spectra that can be applied to both 1D and 3D models, and implement it in a code available to the community. This tool will enable the routine use of 3D model atmospheres in the analysis of stellar spectra.

Methods. We have developed a code that makes use of radial basis functions to interpolate the spectra included in the CIFIST grid of 84 three-dimensional model atmospheres. Spectral synthesis on the hydrodynamical simulations was previously performed with the code ASSϵT.

Results. We make a tool for the interpolation of 3D spectra available to the community. The code provides interpolated spectra and interpolation errors for a given wavelength interval, and a combination of effective temperature, surface gravity, and metallicity. In addition, it optionally provides graphical representations of the RMS and mean ratio between 1D and 3D spectra, and maps of the errors in the interpolated spectra across the parameter space.
Morphology dependence of nanoparticle-on-mirror geometries: A quasinormal mode analysis
Authors: Bedingfield Kalun , Elliott Eoin , Kongsuwan Nuttawut , Baumberg Jeremy J. , Demetriadou Angela
Published: February 2022

Plasmonic nanoantennas are able to produce extreme enhancements by concentrating electromagnetic fields into sub-wavelength volumes. Recently, one of the most commonly used nanoantennas is the nanoparticle-on-mirror geometry, which allowed for the room temperature strong coupling of a single molecule. Very few studies offer analysis of near-field mode decompositions, and they mainly focus on spherical and/or cylindrically-faceted nanoparticle-on-mirror geometries. Perfectly spherical nanoparticles are not easy to fabricate, with recent publications revealing that a rhombicuboctahedron is a commonly occurring nanoparticle shape – due to the crystalline nature of metallic nanoparticles. In this paper, we perform a quasi-normal mode analysis for the rhombicuboctahedron-on-mirror nanoantenna and map the field distributions of each mode. We examine how the geometry of the cavity defines the near-field distribution and energies of the modes, and we show that in some cases the mode degeneracies break. This has a significant impact on the radiative emission and far-field profile of each mode, which are measured experimentally. Understanding how realistic nanoantenna geometries behave in the near-field and far-field helps us design antennas with specific properties for controlling and sensing quantum emitters in plasmonic systems.
A game theoretic model for cellular network operators’ cooperation under government intervention
Authors: Fander Atieh , Yaghoubi Saeed , Tajik Javad
Published: February 2022

In the digital world today, cellular networks and their operators play a competitive and important role in communications. The bases of the competition of operators are the quality of provided services and the coverage level of their antennas, thereby attract customers. This paper studies cellular networks with two old and new operators and under the influence of government intervention in one area. Due to the high cost of building an antenna, the new operator participates in the cost of the infrastructure of the old operator to use the services of these antennas for their customers. On the other hand, the government considers incentive schemes to support mobile operators. The government plans to take part in the infrastructure costs of the old operator, and will receive the income tax from it. Hence, the new operator will go off from paying tax. The government subsidy contract with the old operator is based on the coverage level of the antenna and supports the operator to increase the coverage level. By doing so, the quality level of services and coverage development rate for the old operator increases, leading to increased demand and increased profits for this operator. On the other hand, as government support increases the demand for the old operator, the demand for the new operator decreases and the profit of the new operator decreases. Some numerical examples for Iranian telecommunication companies are applied to examine the applicability of the proposed models. Finally, sensitivity analysis on the main parameters is analyzed in-depth to extract some managerial implications.
Energy-Saving Behaviour of Households: Methodological Aspects of Research
Authors: Burganov Rais , Dolonona Eltna , Urasbahtina Lilia
Published: February 2022

The paper deals with the theoretical and methodological aspects of studying and modelling energy-saving behaviour of households in modern conditions. The main goal is to provide the scientific community in a concise form with these research results concerning the methodological support for the theoretical study of problems related to energy-saving behaviour of households. Extended version of the study on this topic will be published in a20003@mail.vstecb.cz different format. Scientific research methods are based on the use of abstraction and systematization of these energy-saving processes in households, the use of the principle “all other things being equal”, and the study of official statistical materials. The theoretical basis was the teachings of representatives of institutionalism and the neoclassical direction of economic theory. The obtained results include a conclusion about the features of modelling energy saving of households, which should be taken into account when preparing practical recommendations in the field of energy consumption; on the criteria for modelling based on the grouping of households and the types of their behaviour in the field of energy saving. The fundamental variables in obtaining the effect of energy saving are the processes of organizing and self-organizing the process of energy consumption by households, which make it possible to apply effective energy-saving actions. Also, in the final part of the work, a system of variable factors influencing the energy consumption of households and used in modelling their behaviour is presented. The advantage of the study is that, for the first time in a systematic way, the theoretical and methodological aspects of studying the behaviour of households in energy saving are considered, which will allow obtaining a holistic view of trends in energy consumption. An in-depth study of the scientific foundations of the process of energy conservation in households can contribute to the formation of effective government and business programs and thereby rationalize the behaviour of households as consumers and suppliers of energy resources.
Analysis of the Czech Advertising Market and its Main Players
Authors: Konečný Michal , Világi Róbert , Kostiuk Yaroslava , Pollák František
Published: February 2022

At a time of global crisis, also at a time of accelerated digitalisation of businesses, sensible investment in communication with their customers is becoming very topical. The paper focuses on the development of investments in Internet advertising in the period 2012-2020. The method used for the research was a comparative analysis, which showed that the amount of money invested in internet advertising increased every year and that, unlike other types of advertising, no year was recorded for internet advertising during the period under review, when the value of investments in a given year would be lower than the value in the previous year. The results show that online advertising is taking an increasing share of total advertising investment. Another finding is that television advertising maintains a dominant position in the advertising market and is not directly affected by the development of investment in Internet advertising. However, the growth of investment in Internet advertising has a direct impact on the volume of investment in print advertising and OOH (Out of Home) advertising. The given types of media showed the largest decrease in terms of market share and negatively copied the development of investments in Internet advertising. In the case of radio advertising, there was also a decrease, but its dependence on Internet advertising has not been proven. However, the question arises as to the development of investments in the coming years. It is possible to anticipate the continuing strengthening of the role of Internet advertising and it will also be interesting to see whether Internet advertising will jeopardize the position of TV advertising. The results of the research will help both researchers and companies in the process of their decision to invest in selected types of advertising.
Rewarding Employees through Specific Wage Scales – Analysing the Remuneration Scheme Using Fixed Wage Elements in a Selected Company
Authors: Lakronová Dana
Published: February 2022

The presented article examines rewarding employees on different wage scales by exploring a remuneration scheme using fixed wage elements of a specific enterprise. The submitted study evaluates the remuneration scheme in České Dráhy Plc. and its influence on the company. The achieved results of formulated hypotheses will be analysed through a structured interview and observation methods.
Proactivity as a Factor of Satisfaction with Distance Learning during Lockdown from the Perspective of Students’ Perception and Preferences
Authors: Sivrikova Nadezhda , Ptashko Tatyana , Chernikova Elena , Perebeynos Artem , Kharlanova Elena , Ivanov Fedor
Published: February 2022

During the first wave of COVID-19, universities in many states switched to distance learning. Students faced the challenge of moving quickly from face-to-face to distance learning. This created the prerequisites for analysing this new experience for Russian universities. There are many studies analysing satisfaction with online learning. Nevertheless, they were conducted in the period of voluntary transition to this form of learning and outside the context of proactivity. This paper attempts to address this kind of research gap and answer the question of the correlation between satisfaction with distance learning during the lockdown and students´ attitudes towards proactivity. After switching to distance learning in the spring of 2020, students answered questions in an online questionnaire. 386 people (212 women and 174 men) took part in the survey. The age of participants was 17 - 21 years. The results of the study showed that 1) students do not have negative feelings about distance learning; 2) students still prefer face-to-face learning, and distance (online) learning is perceived as additional or temporary measure; 3) during the lockdown, students showed a mild tendency to react reactively to the situation; 4) proactive attitudes of students affect the degree of their satisfaction with distance learning.