bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelling coastal externalities effects on residential housing values
Authors: Ayoola Adeyosoye Babatunde , Oladapo Adejoke Rashidat , Ojo Babajide , Oyetunji Abiodun Kolawole
Published: September 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the impact of coastline on the rental value of residential property in proximity to the coastline, using the hedonic pricing model from two perspectives. First, Model 1A–C accounted for estimating the influence of coastal amenities while controlling for other housing attributes influencing rent. Second, Model 2A–C accounted for the interaction between coastal amenities/disamenities and other housing attributes influencing rent.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey approach was adopted for the data collection process. For both models, property values were measured in proximity to coastline using 0–250 m, 251–500 m and 0–500 m.

Findings

Findings revealed that property rental value increases as we move away from the coastline when disamenities are not controlled. The results suggested that for a mean-priced home (N2,941,029 or $8,170) at the mean distance from the coastline (301.83 m), a 1% increase in distance from the coastline would result in a 0.001% or N9.77 ($0.03) increase in rental value.

Practical implications

The implication to real estate valuers is that varying premiums should be considered when valuing a property depending on the distance to the coastline while considering other housing attributes.

Originality/value

This research introduces a novel approach to the hedonic model for determining property values in proximity to coastal environment by estimating the influence of coastal amenities while controlling for other housing attributes influencing rent, on the one hand, and accounting for the interaction between coastal amenities/disamenities and other housing attributes influencing rent, on the other.
Coaching for change: redefining the concept of change within a practice-based coaching model
Authors: Stoetzel Lindsay , Taylor-Marshall Sandra
Published: September 2022

Purpose

Across K–12 settings, instructional coaching continues to flourish as an approach to teacher professional development intended to address long-standing inequities in student achievement. Yet, coaching models differ in how to conceptualize change or transformation as a result of coaching efforts.

Design/methodology/approach

This case study problematizes the concept of change within one practice-based coaching program, by positing the possibilities of striving for transformational change directed at addressing educational inequities.

Findings

Qualitative methods reveal how coaching belief statements guide the burgeoning identities of beginning coaches to align to (and at times extend beyond) coaching for change through the lens of teacher practice.

Practical implications

Implications describe ways that coaching programs might utilize reflection and analysis activities to foster more equity-oriented coaching identities, regardless of coaching model.

Originality/value

Designing and facilitating authentic learning opportunities for coaches to reflect, rehearse, connect, and apply knowledge to practice as they develop their own understanding of what it means to coach for change is crucial.
Innovative approach and marketing skill: a case study of artisan entrepreneurs of India
Authors: Meera S. , Vinodan A.
Published: September 2022

Purpose

This study aims to examine individual-specific market orientation as an innovative approach and its relationship with marketing skills among artisan entrepreneurs in India.

Design/methodology/approach

The study adopted an in-depth interview to explore variables, a questionnaire survey to understand their latent dimensions through exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling to test the relationship between constructs under study.

Findings

The interview result indicates that 20 variables explain factors affecting individual-specific market orientation with four latent dimensions: customer orientation, competitor orientation, external coordination orientation and personal selling orientation. There is a significant and positive relationship between customer orientation and personal selling orientation with the marketing skills of artisan entrepreneurs in India.

Research limitations/implications

The study is confined to three southern states of India and weaving villages known for their endemic product specifications.

Practical implications

The study found significance in orienting artisan entrepreneurs of developing countries and equipping them with desired skills to meet the changing dynamics of the market and meet their livelihood needs. The study further supports policymaking in strengthening the capability of artisans to enter the market without mediators.

Social implications

The model provides insight into other unorganized sectors to formulate innovative approaches to strengthen marketing skills and entrepreneurial ability.

Originality/value

As an exploratory study, examining individual-level market orientation as an innovative approach and their relationship with marketing skills among artisan entrepreneurs was unexplored in several unorganized sectors, including handlooms.
The effects of the Toyota Way on agile manufacturing: an empirical analysis
Authors: Vanichchinchai Assadej
Published: September 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of the Toyota Way (TW), TW pillars (i.e. continuous improvement, and respect for people), and TW elements (i.e. challenge, kaizen, genchi-genbutsu, respect, and teamwork) on agile manufacturing (AM) and AM elements (i.e. responsiveness, capability, speed and flexibility).

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from 216 automotive parts manufacturers. Multiple and linear regressions were used to test the hypotheses.

Findings

The study found that overall TW and both pillars have significant effects on overall AM and all AM elements, except for the influence of continuous improvement on speed and flexibility. No individual TW element can improve every AM element. TW and AM are not mutually exclusive. To improve AM, managers should apply TW as a set of integrated technical and personnel elements rather than as isolated elements.

Originality/value

This study is one of the first to hierarchically explore the effects of socio-technical TW, TW's individual pillars and elements on overall AM and each AM element in the automotive parts industry. Findings from this research can be used to develop a socio-technical lean system to be integrated with AM more effectively leading to successful leagile manufacturing.
Intrinsic and extrinsic reward synergies for innovative work behavior among South African knowledge workers
Authors: Venketsamy Aveshan , Lew Charlene
Published: September 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether organizational support for innovation and informational extrinsic rewards moderate the relationship between intrinsic motivation and innovative work behavior.

Design/methodology/approach

Multiple and hierarchical regression analyses based on data from 150 knowledge workers tested the hypotheses for a South African sample.

Findings

The results confirmed a positive relationship between intrinsic motivation and innovative work behavior, and found positive relationships between both organizational support for innovation and informational extrinsic rewards and innovative work behavior. While organizational support positively moderated the relationship between intrinsic motivation and innovative work behavior, acting in synergy with intrinsic motivation, informational extrinsic rewards had a negative moderating effect.

Practical implications

When organizations want to encourage knowledge workers to generate, promote and realize innovative ideas, they should create an environment that encourages autonomy, competence and relatedness, with support for creativity and differences of ideas.

Originality/value

The study provides new indications of the interactions of synergistic extrinsic rewards and intrinsic motivation to affect innovative work behavior.
On the fate of dead coral colonies
Authors: Morais Juliano , Morais Renato , Tebbett Sterling B. , Bellwood David R.
Published: September 2022

Carbonate budgets dynamically balance production and loss of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) on coral reefs. To sustain or expand the coral reef framework, CaCO3 production by calcifying organisms must be higher than erosion. However, global climate change has been negatively impacting carbonate production, with bleaching events causing widespread coral mortality. Although bleaching and coral mortality are well documented, the fate of coral colonies after their death, including their erosion rates, are still poorly known.

We followed the fate of 143 recently dead individual coral colonies with complex growth forms (arborescent, caespitose, corymbose, digitate and tabular), whose mortality was triggered by two consecutive bleaching events. These colonies, spread over 16 km2 of the Lizard Island reef complex, were tracked for up to 5 years, allowing detailed examination of erosion rates and post‐mortality structural persistence. We also tested how variables that are commonly used in coral reef erosion studies relate to spatial and temporal variability in the erosion rates of dead coral colonies.

We revealed rapid erosion of dead coral colonies, with an average of 79.7% of dead colonies completely disintegrating within 60 months. The predicted half‐life of a dead coral colony was 40 months, with limited variation among wave exposure levels. Remarkably, we found no effect of estimated parrotfish bioerosion, wave exposure, nor coral growth form, on observed erosion rates.

Our results suggest that our understanding of the erosion of dead corals may be more limited than previously thought. The rapid loss of coral colonies on our study sites calls for a re‐evaluation of the role of corals with complex growth forms in reef growth and of parrotfishes in reef erosion.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Eusociality and the transition from biparental to alloparental care in termites
Authors: Chouvenc Thomas
Published: September 2022

In eusocial organisms, cooperative brood care within a colony represents a situation where the ancestral parental care duties have shifted away from the reproductive parent(s) towards their offspring. The shift to alloparental care was often instrumental in the initial emergence of eusociality, as it ultimately contributed to the establishment of the reproductive division of labour.

Remarkably, eusocial taxa such as ants and termites, which still display an ancestral independent colony foundation phase, must go through an obligatory parental care period, as a temporary subsocial family unit. In termites specifically, an incipient colony inherently remains a woodroach family unit until alloparental care is established. Colony foundation success can then be limited by a series of factors that may include environmental, behavioural, symbiotic and physiological constraints.

In this study, 450 incipient termite colonies (Coptotermes gestroi) were established to investigate the timing of physiological changes in founders during the transition from biparental to alloparental care. Results showed that the finite initial internal nutritional resources that alates carry during the dispersal flight are a primary limiting factor for successful colony establishment. TheCoptotermesqueen and king must rapidly establish (<150 days) their first cohort of offspring to reach alloparental care or simply run out of resources and die. Alates, therefore, carry just enough internal resources to produce the first few alloparents (< 15 workers) to prime the system towards colony ergonomic growth, with a definitive shift to solely reproductive functions.

Eusocial insect primary reproductive traits were optimized for three successive functions within the life cycle of a colony: alate dispersal (sexual reproduction), colony foundation (parental care) and colony growth (increased egg production towards colony maturity). However, results suggest that trade‐offs involving these functions appear to primarily favour dispersal ones (quantity vs. quality of alates), as founder(s) carry minimal resources and have no room for parental care inefficiency and as they then fully rely on their alloparents for further reproductive output.

The transition towards alloparental care during colony foundation of eusocial insects may, therefore, reflect on the initial evolutionary transition from ancestral subsociality to eusociality.

Read the freePlain Language Summaryfor this article on the Journal blog.
Characterizing the role of Weibo and WeChat in sharing original information in a crisis
Authors: Li Lifang , Wen Hong , Zhang Qingpeng
Published: September 2022

Strategically differentiated managerial evidence of different social media platforms is of great importance to enhance crisis communication processes by balancing their strengths and weaknesses. This study aims to uncover the platform‐specific situational information‐sharing characteristics by differentiating the major types of information published in Weibo and WeChat during different phases of a crisis. The subject of the study is the Changsheng fake vaccine crisis which happened in China in 2018. Multiple supervised machine learning and topic modelling methods are used for the characterization of situational information types of the crisis during three phases in both platforms. Our study found that WeChat shares more situational information such as notifications, caution and advice, and criticizing information, whereas Weibo shares more emotional support and help‐seeking information. This study provides social media analytics and empirical evidence of platform‐specific situational information‐sharing characteristics to aid authorities/researchers for better crisis communication and public emergency management.
Net enclosures disrupt codling moth dispersal not establishment
Authors: Marshall Adrian T. , Beers Elizabeth H.
Published: September 2022

Apple growers have pursued the use of exclusion netting to reduce pesticide inputs and maintain control of codling moth.

It is uncertain if these nets provide a physical or behavioural behaviour, and if they prevent codling moth establishment.

To address this, we conducted field trials testing the ability of commercial netting to exclude codling moth using small (3 trees) and large (48 trees) cages. Experiments were conducted to evaluate both the permeability by releasing marked sterile moths either inside or outside the small cages, and the establishment of wild codling moth in the large cages.

Results from the small cage study showed that netting reduced codling moth movement out of the netted plots, but virtually prevented codling moth dispersal into the plots. Codling moth capture inside the large cage plots was significantly less than in uncaged plots, but no differences were found in codling moth damage at harvest.

These results indicate that the netting is physically permeable to codling moth adults; however, it acts as a behavioural barrier to moth immigration. These outcomes agree with existing literature that net enclosures can provide a non‐insecticidal tool to improve codling moth management, although it may not be a stand‐alone technique.
Skin biomarkers predict development of atopic dermatitis in infancy
Authors: Rinnov Maria Rasmussen , Halling Anne‐Sofie , Gerner Trine , Ravn Nina Haarup , Knudgaard Mette Hjorslev , Trautner Simon , Goorden Susan M. I. , Ghauharali‐van der Vlugt Karen J. M. , Stet Femke S. , Skov Lone , Thomsen Simon Francis , Egeberg Alexander , Rosted Aske L. L. , Petersen Troels , Jakasa Ivone , Riethmüller Christoph , Kezic Sanja , Thyssen Jacob P.
Published: September 2022

Background

There is currently no insight into biomarkers that can predict the onset of pediatric atopic dermatitis (AD).

Methods

Nested in a prospective birth cohort study that examined the occurrence of physician‐diagnosed AD in 300 children, 44 random children with onset of AD in the first year of life were matched on sex and season of birth with 44 children who did not develop AD. Natural moisturizing factor (NMF), corneocyte surface protrusions, cytokines, free sphingoid bases (SBs) of different chain lengths and their ceramides were analyzed from tape strips collected at 2 months of age before onset of AD using liquid chromatography, atomic force microscopy, multiplex immunoassay, and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, respectively.

Results

Significant alterations were observed for four lipid markers, with phytosphingosine ([P]) levels being significantly lower in children who developed AD compared with children who did not (median 240 pmol/mg vs. 540 pmol/mg, p < 0.001). The two groups of children differed in the relative amounts of SB of different chain lengths (C17, C18 and C20). Thymus‐ and activation‐regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17) was slightly higher in children who developed AD, whereas NMF and corneocyte surface texture were similar. AD severity assessed by the eczema area and severity index (EASI) at disease onset was 4.2 (2.0;7.2). [P] had the highest prediction accuracy among the biomarkers (75.6%), whereas the combination of 5 lipid ratios gave an accuracy of 89.4%.

Conclusion

This study showed that levels and SB chain length were altered in infants who later developed AD, and that TARC/CCL17 levels were higher.
The mindsets × societal norm effect across 78 cultures: Growth mindsets are linked to performance weakly and well‐being negatively in societies with fixed‐mindset norms
Authors: Lou Nigel Mantou , Li Liman Man Wai
Published: September 2022

Background/Aims

Recent research on mindsets has shifted from understanding its homogenous role on performance to understanding how classroom environments explain its heterogeneous effects (i.e., Mindsets × Context hypothesis). Does the macro context (e.g., societal level of student mindsets) also help explain its heterogeneous effects? And does this interaction effect also apply to understanding students' well‐being? To address these questions, we examined whether and how the role of students' mindsets in performance (math, science, reading) and well‐being (meaning in life, positive affect, life satisfaction) depends on the societal‐mindset norms (i.e., Mindsets × Societal Norm effect).

Sample/Methods

We analysed a global data set (n = 612,004 adolescents in 78 societies) using multilevel analysis. The societal norm of student mindsets was the average score derived from students within each society.

Results

Growth mindsets positively and weakly predicted all performance outcomes (rs = .192, .210, .224), but the associations were significantly stronger in societies with growth‐mindset norms. In contrast, the associations between growth mindsets and psychological well‐being were very weak and inconsistent (rs = −.066, .003, .008). Importantly, the association was negative in societies with fixed‐mindset norms but positive in societies with growth‐mindset norms.

Conclusions

These findings challenge the idea that growth mindsets have ubiquitous positive effects in all societies. Growth mindsets might be ineffective or even detrimental in societies with fixed‐mindset norms because such societal norms could suppress the potential of students with growth mindsets and undermines their well‐being. Researchers should take societal norms into consideration in their efforts to understand and foster students' growth.
Headache as a COVID‐19 onset symptom and post‐COVID‐19 symptom in hospitalized COVID‐19 survivors infected with the Wuhan, Alpha, or Delta SARS‐CoV‐2 variants
Authors: Fernández‐de‐las‐Peñas César , Cuadrado Maria L. , Gómez‐Mayordomo Victor , Torres‐Macho Juan , Pellicer‐Valero Oscar J. , Martín‐Guerrero José D. , Arendt‐Nielsen Lars
Published: September 2022

Objective

This study looked at differences in the presence of headache as an onset symptom of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and as a post‐COVID‐19 symptom in individuals previously hospitalized owing to infection with the Wuhan, Alpha, or Delta variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2).

Background

Headache can be present in up to 50% of individuals during the acute phase of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and in 10% of subjects during the post‐COVID‐19 phase. There are no data on differences in the occurrence of headache in the acute‐ and post‐COVID‐19 phase according to the SARS‐CoV‐2 variants.

Methods

A cross‐sectional cohort study was conducted. Unvaccinated subjects previously hospitalized for COVID‐19 caused by the Wuhan (n = 201), Alpha (n = 211), or Delta (n = 202) SARS‐CoV‐2 variants were scheduled for a telephone interview 6 months after hospital discharge. Hospitalization data were collected from hospital medical records.

Results

The presence of headache as a COVID‐19 onset symptom at hospitalization was higher in subjects with the Delta variant (66/202, 32.7%) than in those infected with the Wuhan (42/201, 20.9%; odds ratio [OR] 1.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17–2.88) or Alpha (25/211, 11.8%; OR 3.61, 95% CI, 2.16–6.01) variants. The prevalence of post‐COVID‐19 headache 6 months after hospital discharge was higher in individuals infected with the Delta variant (26/202, 12.9%) than in those infected with the Wuhan (11/201, 5.5%; OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.22–5.31) or Alpha (eight of 211, 3.8%; OR 3.74, 95% CI 1.65–8.49) variants. The presence of headache as a COVID‐19 onset symptom was associated with post‐COVID‐19 headache in subjects infected with the Wuhan (OR 7.75, 95% CI 2.15–27.93) and Delta variants (OR 2.78, 95% CI 1.20–6.42) but not with the Alpha variant (OR 2.60, 95% CI 0.49–13.69).

Conclusion

Headache was a common symptom in both the acute‐ and post‐COVID‐19 phase in subjects infected with the Wuhan, Alpha, and Delta variants but mostly in those infected with the Delta variant.
Influence of Ti3AlC2 addition on water vapor resistance of low‐carbon Al2O3–C refractories
Authors: Liu Gengfu , Liao Ning , Li Yawei , Zhang Yang , Ji Zixu , Zhu Tianbin
Published: September 2022

Al2O3–C refractories are potential candidates for use in gasifiers, and they are Cr2O3‐free. However, the oxidation of the carbon species and ceramic phases within the high‐temperature water vapor environment may deteriorate the integrity of the working lining. Ti3AlC2 has been verified as an effective antioxidant for Al2O3–C refractories in air. In this study, the structural transformation of Ti3AlC2 during heat treatment and the water vapor resistance of Ti3AlC2‐containing Al2O3–C refractories are investigated. The results show that the oxidation of Ti3AlC2 and Si in the matrix contributes to the in situ formation of a multilayer core–shell structure of TiC–AlTi2O5–Al6Si2O13. These structural evolutions improve densification and stimulate pore size refinement, which enhances the mechanical properties and thermal stress resistance of the specimens. In particular, the refined pore size contributes to the significantly improved water vapor resistance at high temperatures.
Characterisation of instant mung bean vermicelli quality using microwave vacuum and microwave continuous drying
Authors: Nguyen Tien Phung , Ratnaningsih Ratnaningsih , Songsermpong Sirichai
Published: September 2022

The production of good quality of instant mung bean vermicelli was investigated using microwave vacuum drying (15, 22.5, or 30 W g−1) and microwave continuous drying (70 Hz). Microwave vacuum drying could generate larger and greater porosity than microwave continuous drying. Vermicelli dried at 30 W g−1 had the shortest rehydration time (2.14 min) and the best cooking quality. Microwave drying provided greater lightness (L*), greenness (a*) and yellowness (b*) for the dried vermicelli and a greater blueness (b*) for the cooked vermicelli. The tensile strength of each vermicelli product was not significantly different, while the elasticity of the commercial vermicelli was higher than other samples. Interestingly, the general acceptance of vermicelli dried at 22.5 and 30 W g−1 reached 7.03 and 7.00, respectively, on a 9‐point hedonic scale and was higher than commercial vermicelli. In conclusion, microwave vacuum drying could be advantageously applied in the instant mung bean vermicelli production process due to its short drying and rehydration times and the high acceptability of the final product.
A randomised, open‐label, parallel‐group, multicentre, comparative study to compare the efficacy and safety of Exufiber® with Aquacel® Extra™ dressings in exuding venous and mixed aetiology leg ulcers
Authors: Joergensen Bo , Blaise Sophie , Svensson Ann‐Sofie
Published: September 2022

The performance and safety of Exufiber® gelling fibre and Aquacel® Extra™ Hydrofiber® wound dressings were compared for the management of chronic, exuding leg ulcers. The 6‐week study (≤ 24 weeks in a subgroup of subjects) was a randomised, open‐label, parallel‐group, multicentre, non‐inferiority design. Adults (n = 248, 30–97 years of age) were randomised to either Exufiber® or Aquacel® Extra™ dressing. The dressings were applied at baseline and evaluations of wound condition and performance of the dressing were recorded at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was the percentage reduction in wound area at 6 weeks relative to baseline, in the per protocol (PP) population. A median relative reduction of 50% for Exufiber® (n = 100) vs 42% for Aquacel® Extra™ (n = 107) was demonstrated in the PP population (P = 0.093) and confirmed in the intention‐to‐treat population. As the mean and 95% confidence interval for the difference in relative wound area reduction between groups at 6 weeks was −29.4% (−63.5; 3.2), and the lower limit did not exceed 12%, non‐inferiority of Exufiber® was concluded. Both dressings were well tolerated and no safety concerns were identified in both groups. Clinicians' satisfaction with the dressings was higher for Exufiber® than for Aquacel® Extra™ in terms of ease of use and management of exudate, slough, and blood.
The biological and physiological impact of the performance of wound dressings
Authors: Cullen Breda , Gefen Amit
Published: September 2022

Chronic wounds affect millions globally and are a huge financial burden. Whilst there are many wound dressings commercially available to manage these wounds, the complexity of the repair process makes it difficult to select the right dressing for the right wound at the right time. Thus, in this narrative review, we have examined reasons why wounds fail to heal, summarised the pathophysiology of the chronic wound environment and provided an evidence‐based, clinically‐relevant compilation of the published literature relevant to dressing design and evaluation. This has highlighted the need for a deeper understanding of wound exudates, how exudates change throughout the healing process, and how they are impacted by different dressing materials. Studies assessing biochemical and biophysical changes in exudates throughout the healing process are extremely valuable in this regard, enhancing both our understanding of the wound healing process and the ability to assess dressing performance. In addition, this knowledge allows us to replicate various wound conditions in the laboratory, and develop clinically‐relevant models for testing current and new dressings, therefore providing a more comprehensive understanding of how and when they should be used. This approach makes the use of dressings more effective, thereby improving outcomes, and reducing the economic burden of chronic wounds.
Immunomodulatory fibrous hyaluronic acid‐Fmoc‐diphenylalanine‐based hydrogel induces bone regeneration
Authors: Halperin‐Sternfeld Michal , Pokhojaev Ariel , Ghosh Moumita , Rachmiel Dana , Kannan Raha , Grinberg Itzhak , Asher Moshe , Aviv Moran , Ma Peter X. , Binderman Itzhak , Sarig Rachel , Adler‐Abramovich Lihi
Published: September 2022

Aim

To investigate the potential of an ultrashort aromatic peptide hydrogelator integrated with hyaluronic acid (HA) to serve as a scaffold for bone regeneration.

Materials and Methods

Fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl‐diphenylalanine (FmocFF)/HA hydrogel was prepared and characterized using microscopy and rheology. Osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3‐E1 preosteoblasts was investigated using Alizarin red, alkaline phosphatase and calcium deposition assays. In vivo, 5‐mm‐diameter calvarial critical‐sized defects were prepared in 20 Sprague–Dawley rats and filled with either FmocFF/HA hydrogel, deproteinized bovine bone mineral, FmocFF/Alginate hydrogel or left unfilled. Eight weeks after implantation, histology and micro‐computed tomography analyses were performed. Immunohistochemistry was performed in six rats to assess the hydrogel's immunomodulatory effect.

Results

A nanofibrous FmocFF/HA hydrogel with a high storage modulus of 46 KPa was prepared. It supported osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3‐E1 preosteoblasts and facilitated calcium deposition. In vivo, the hydrogel implantation resulted in approximately 93% bone restoration. It induced bone deposition not only around the margins, but also generated bony islets along the defect. Elongated M2 macrophages lining at the periosteum–hydrogel interface were observed 1 week after implantation. After 3 weeks, these macrophages were dispersed through the regenerating tissue surrounding the newly formed bone.

Conclusions

FmocFF/HA hydrogel can serve as a cell‐free, biomimetic, immunomodulatory scaffold for bone regeneration.
Medical Device‐Related Pressure injuries in adult intensive care units
Authors: Celik Selda , Taskin Yilmaz Feride , Altas Gulnaz
Published: September 2022

Aim and Objective

This study was conducted to examine the development, characteristics, and risk factors of medical device‐related pressure injury (MDRPI) in intensive care units (ICU).

Background

The number of individuals admitted to ICU increased in the last years all over the world. In parallel with this need, the frequency of the use of life‐support and therapeutic medical devices in the ICU also increases. This situation may lead to the development of MDRPI in the ICU and an increase in its prevalence.

Method

The study, which was conducted observationally, prospectively and descriptively, included 302 patients who were hospitalised in an ICU within a year. The study was reported according to the STROBE Declaration.

Results

It was observed that MDRPI developed in 27.2% of the patients. It was found that MDRPI developed the most in the nose (26.8%) and mouth (15.9%) regions of the patients. It was determined that MDRPI was diagnosed in 28% of the patients within 3–5 days. It was determined that mostly orthopaedic devices (plaster, cervical collar, splint) (62.5%), fasteners (57.1%), non‐invasive ventilation/oxygen masks (51.2%) caused the development of MDRPI. It was found that the number of medical devices used was higher, and the number of hospitalisation days in the ICU was also higher, and these factors explained 28.3% of the total variance in the development of MDRPI.

Conclusion

It was determined that MDRPI developed in approximately one of four patients in the ICU and that the numbers of medical devices and hospitalisation days were important determinant risk factors.

Relevance to Clinical Practice

The high rate of development of MDRPI is worrying in terms of nursing care quality. It is recommended that nurses recognise risk factors in order to prevent the development of MDRPI, evaluate the suitability, necessity, and safety of the devices to be used is located.
Effect of induced saliva flow on fluid retention time, ruminal microbial yield and methane emission in cattle
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Li Yang , Terranova Melissa , Ortmann Sylvia , Kehraus Saskia , Gerspach Christian , Kreuzer Michael , Hummel Jürgen , Clauss Marcus
Published: September 2022

Both in vitro and animal studies indicated that a higher dilution rate is related to a more efficient microbial synthesis and a lower methane (CH4) yield. The latter could be a consequence of the former, as an increase in microbial cell synthesis offers an alternative hydrogen sink competing with methanogenesis. To test this assumption in live animals, we applied a saliva stimulant, pilocarpine, to modify liquid flow rate in cattle. Four non‐lactating cows (750 ± 71 kg) were fed forage only (restricted to constant intake) in a 4 × 4 Latin square design with oral doses of 0, 1, 2.5 and 5mg pilocarpine/kg body weight and day. We quantified feed and water intake, ruminal and total tract mean retention time (MRT) of solute and particle markers, ruminal microbial yield (via urinary purine bases or metabolic faecal nitrogen), CH4 emission, digestibility, chewing behaviour, reticular motility and rumen fluid parameters. The effect of induced saliva flow was evident by visibly increased salivation and water intake. Increasing the pilocarpine dosages resulted in a linearly decreased MRT of fluid and small particles (p < 0.001 and p< 0.05, respectively) and methane yield as related to digested DM (p < 0.05), the latter at a magnitude of 5%. No effect of treatment was found on ruminal microbial yield estimated via purine derivates. Metabolic faecal N as an indicator of microbial growth linearly correlated with pilocarpine dosages (p < 0.05). No significant relationship was found between pilocarpine dosages and large particle MRT, nutrient digestibility, ruminal pH and short‐chain fatty acids. In conclusion, different from some in vitro studies, there was little indication of a reciprocal effect of CH4 and microbial biomass production in cows fed a forage‐only diet.
Understanding Words to Change Behaviour
Authors: Elizabeth Margaret
Published: September 2022

Why do people in churches exclude, alienate, and even abuse others? Acknowledging the need for many ways of addressing this question, insights from the study of language have been explored, creating a synthesis from the ways in which ideology and language are related, an adaptation of Judith Butler's exploration of our constitution in language, understandings within the discipline of psycholinguistics, and insights from Wittgenstein's philosophy of language. This synthesis shows how words to and for the divine influence our behaviour to each other and indicates that the traditional words of male hierarchy uphold an ideology that seeks to maintain power structures, with behaviours that exclude, alienate, and even abuse fitting within these structures. The synthesis demonstrates both the need for and possibility of change from the traditionally used words to and for the divine.
Two Arabidopsis MYB‐SHAQKYF transcription repressors regulate leaf wax biosynthesis via transcriptional suppression on DEWAX
Authors: Liu Qing , Huang Haodong , Chen Yongqiang , Yue Zhichuang , Wang Zhipeng , Qu Tingting , Xu Danyun , Lü Shiyou , Hu Honghong
Published: September 2022

Plant cuticular wax accumulation limits nonstomatal transpiration and is regulated by external environmental stresses. DEWAX (DECREASE WAX BIOSYNTHESIS) plays a vital role in diurnal wax biosynthesis. However, how DEWAX expression is controlled and the molecular mechanism of wax biosynthesis regulated by the diurnal cycle remains largely unknown. Here, we identified two Arabidopsis MYB‐SHAQKYF transcription factors, MYS1 and MYS2, as new regulators in wax biosynthesis and drought tolerance.

Mutations of both MYS1 and MYS2 caused significantly reduced leaf wax, whereas overexpression of MYS1 or MYS2 increased leaf wax biosynthesis and enhanced drought tolerance. Our results demonstrated that MYS1 and MYS2 act as transcription repressors and directly suppress DEWAX expression via ethylene response factor‐associated amphiphilic repression motifs.

Genetic interaction analysis with DEWAX, SPL9 (SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN‐LIKE 9), and CER1 (ECERIFERUM 1) in wax biosynthesis and under drought stresses demonstrated that MYS1 and MYS2 act upstream of the DEWAX‐SPL9 module, thus regulating CER1 expression. Expression analysis suggested that the diurnal expression pattern of DEWAX is partly regulated by MYS1 and MYS2.

Our findings demonstrate the roles of two unidentified transcription repressors, MYS1 and MYS2, in wax biosynthesis and provide insights into the mechanism of diurnal cycle‐regulated wax biosynthesis.
Nitrogen‐inducibleGLK1modulates phosphate starvation response via thePHR1‐dependent pathway
Authors: Li Yan , Li Yanling , Yao Xiuhong , Wen Yu , Zhou Zuxu , Lei Wei , Zhang Dawei , Lin Honghui
Published: September 2022

Phosphorus (P) is a limiting nutrient for plant growth and productivity. Thus, a deep understanding of the molecular mechanisms of plants' response to phosphate starvation is significant when breeding crops with higher phosphorus‐use efficiency.

Here, we found that GARP‐type transcription factor GLK1 acted as a positive regulator for phosphate‐starvation response (PSR) via the PHR1‐dependent pathway inArabidopsis thaliana. GLK1 increased the transcription activity of PHR1 through the direct physical interaction and regulated the multiple responses to inorganic orthophosphate (Pi) starvation.

Nitrogen (N) is a key factor in the regulation of PSR. We also found that the N status controlled the function of the GLK1‐PHR1 signaling module under Pi‐deficient (LP) conditions by regulating the accumulation of GLK1 and PHR1. Ultimately, we showed that the presence of GLK1 effectively promoted the protein accumulation of PHR1 at low N concentrations, and this action was helpful to maintain the activation of PSR.

According to these findings, we establish the working model for GLK1 in PSR and propose that GLK1 mediates the interaction between N and P by influencing the effect of N on PHR1 inArabidopsis thaliana.
Repeat ablation strategy for recurrent persistent atrial fibrillation: A propensity‐matched score comparison between “2C3L” and “extensive ablation” approach
Authors: Lin Jing , Jiang Chen‐Xi , Long De‐Yong , He Liu , Sang Cai‐Hua , Yu Rong‐Hui , Tang Ri‐Bo , Li Song‐Nan , Guo Xue‐Yuan , Wang Wei , Liu Nian , Du Xin , Dong Jian‐Zeng , Ma Chang‐Sheng
Published: September 2022

Background

Debates exist in the repeat ablation strategy for patients with recurrence presenting as persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) after initial persistent AF ablation.

Objective

To compare the outcome between the “2C3L” and “extensive ablation” approach in patients undergoing repeat procedures for recurrent persistent AF.

Methods

Propensity‐score matching was performed in 196 patients with AF recurrence undergoing repeat ablation, and 79 patients treated with “2C3L” strategy were matched to 79 patients treated with “extensive ablation” strategy. The “2C3L” approach included pulmonary vein isolation, mitral isthmus, left atrial roof, and cavotricuspid isthmus ablation, while the “extensive ablation” strategy included extensive ablation of a variety of other targets aiming to terminate the AF. The primary outcome was freedom from any atrial tachyarrhythmia after 24‐h ambulatory monitoring follow‐up for 12 months.

Results

No statistically significant difference was found between the primary outcome between the “2C3L” and the “extensive ablation” group [70.9% vs. 69.6%, p = .862; 95% confidence interval (CI) ‐12.8 to 15.3], although the “extensive ablation” group had a significantly high proportion of AF termination (19.0% for “2C3L” vs. 41.8% for “extensive ablation” group, p = .002; 95% CI 8.5–35.9). And AF termination was not related to the primary outcome in multifactorial regression. At 40 ± 22 months after the repeat procedure, the primary outcome was also comparable (57.0 % for “2C3L” vs. 48.1% for “extensive ablation” group, p = .265; 95% CI ‐6.6 to 23.7).

Conclusion

The outcome between the “2C3L” and “extensive ablation” approaches was comparable in patients undergoing repeat procedures for recurrent persistent AF.
Transcriptome dynamics of ricein natura: Response of above and below ground organs to microclimate
Authors: Matsunami Maya , Murai‐Hatano Mari , Kuwagata Tsuneo , Matsushima Uzuki , Hashida Yoichi , Tominaga Yoko , Masuya Yusuke , Nagano Atsushi J.
Published: September 2022

The long‐term dynamics of the transcriptome under natural field conditions remain unclear. We conducted comprehensive gene expression analyses of rice leaves and roots grown under natural field conditions for a long period, from the tillering stage to the ripening stage. In this experiment, changes in the transcriptome were captured in relation to microclimatic parameters, particularly potential evaporation (Ep), which is a multiple meteorological factor and acts as an indicator of transpirational demand. The results indicated  that many genes were regulated by changes in temperature and Ep in both leaves and roots. Furthermore, the correlation between gene expression and meteorological factors differed significantly between the vegetative and reproductive stages. Since Ep triggers transpiration, we analyzed aquaporin gene expression, which is responsible for water transport, and found that many aquaporin genes in leaves were positively correlated with Ep throughout the growth period, whereas in roots, two plasma membrane intrinsic aquaporins,PIP2;4andPIP2;5were strongly correlated with Ep during reproductive growth. Other genes closely related to productivity, such as those involved in nutrient absorption and photosynthesis, exhibited different responses to meteorological factors at different growth stages. The stage‐dependent shift in the microclimate response provides an important perspective on crop physiology in light of climate change.
A critical discourse analysis of the influence of organisational structures on inequality in head and neck cancer treatment in Denmark
Authors: Mondahl Julie , Thomsen Thora Grothe , Hellesø Ragnhild , Frederiksen Kirsten
Published: September 2022

Background

Concern is growing about inequality in cancer treatment, and a call has been made for more knowledge of the underlying causes of this inequality. Studies show that patients with low socioeconomic status in general face a greater risk of inequality than patients with a high socioeconomic status.

Aim

The aim of the present study was to uncover how institutional factors may exacerbate inequality in cancer treatment for patients with low socioeconomic status exemplified by patients with head and neck cancer, most of whom have low socioeconomic status.

Method

Inspired by Fairclough, we undertook a critical discourse analysis investigating the treatment pathway of patients with head and neck cancer on the basis of policy papers.

Results

These papers, which we conceived as formative instruments, harboured a discourse of efficiency and a discourse of participation, together carving out an effective cancer treatment pathway provided patients act in line with the recommendations.

Discussion

The discourses of efficiency and participation are not unfamiliar in health care, and prior research shows that they may pose difficulties for patients with low socioeconomic status.

Conclusion

The discoursal framing of head and neck cancer treatment may exacerbate inequality because most patients with a low socioeconomic status fail to comprehend and act in accordance with these discourses.
Prognostic significance of CD25 expression in dogs with a noninvasive diagnosis of B‐cell lymphoma treated with CHOP chemotherapy
Authors: Sheng Richard , Clarke Dawn , Laver Travis , Meichner Kristina , Northrup Nicole , Tarigo Jaime
Published: September 2022

Prior studies have identified high CD25 expression in canine diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma as a negative prognostic indicator. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate CD25 expression as a prognostic indicator in dogs with B‐cell lymphoma (BCL) diagnosed with commonly used noninvasive diagnostics (cytology and flow cytometry [FC]) and treated with CHOP chemotherapy. Lymph node aspirates from 57 dogs with cytologic diagnosis of lymphoma composed of intermediate to large lymphocytes were analysed with FC. Percentage of neoplastic B‐cells expressing CD25 and median fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD25 were measured. Relationships of CD25 percent positivity and MFI to progression free survival (PFS) and survival time were evaluated. Median survival time (MST) of all dogs was 272 days (95% CI, 196–348 days) and median PFS was 196 days (95% CI, 172–220 days). Higher percentage of B‐cells positive for CD25 was associated with decreased risk of death in multivariable analysis (p = .02). Dogs with higher CD25 positivity had longer MST and PFS than dogs with lower CD25 positivity (318 days versus 176 days and 212 days versus 148 days, respectively), but these differences were not significant. CD25 MFI was not significantly associated with outcome. Based on the results of this study, the association of CD25 expression and prognosis in dogs with BCL diagnosed using noninvasive methods should be interpreted with caution. Further evaluation, with studies that include histopathologic differentiation of lymphoma subtypes, is needed.
Validation of KASP assays associated with barley adaptation and productivity traits
Authors: Genievskaya Yu. , Almerekova Sh. , Chudinov V. , Turuspekov Ye. , Abugalieva S.
Published: September 2022

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is an important cereal crop traditionally used in animal feed, malting, and food production. In Kazakhstan, barley is the second most cultivated cereal grain. However, despite the long history of barley cultivation in Kazakhstan, traditional breeding methods prevail here. The introduction of marker-assisted selection (MAS) in the breeding process may improve the adaptation and productivity of local cultivars, as well as help in the development of new ones. For that, validation of 23 kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) assays for adaptation and productivity traits developed using previous GWAS results was performed. The collection of 35 two-rowed barley promising lines was grown at the Kazakh research institute of agriculture and plant growing (KRIAPG, Almaty region, Kazakhstan) in 2021 and studied for 5 adaptation-related (heading time, heading-maturity time, plant height, peduncle length, and spike length) and 5 productivity-related (number of kernels per spike, the weight of kernels per spike, weight of kernels per plant, thousand kernels weight, and yield per m2) traits. The same collection was genotyped using 23 KASP assays. As a result, 21 KASPs demonstrated a good level of polymorphism (MAF > 0.10 and I > 0.36) in the studied barley collection. Six KASP assays confirmed their associations with adaptation and productivity traits (P < 0.05); nine KASPs were associated with other agronomic traits (P < 0.05). Nine KASP assays were identified for adaptation traits, one assay was detected for productivity traits and six KASPs were found to be associated with both types of traits. Four KASP assays (ipbb_hv_9, ipbb_hv_101, ipbb_hv_109, and ipbb_hv_110) confirmed significant (P < 0.05) effect of shorter heading-maturity time on higher productivity traits under stress conditions of south-east Kazakhstan. Thus, in this study fifteen out of the studied twenty-one KASP assays were validated for their associations with adaptation and productivity traits and potentially can be included in the barley breeding projects.