bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Downregulation of PIF1 induce DNA damage and inhibit ovarian cancer cell proliferation via RAD51
Authors: Zhou Qi-Yin , Hua Yu-Xin , Sun Qing-Qing , Zou Shang-Pu , Guo Jia-Lin , Ni Meng-Zhen , Zhang Shuo , Liu Sheng-Bing , Guo Yan-Jun , Ao Lei , Che Xuan , Zhang Xian-Chao , Heger Michal , Zheng Xin , Wu Zhong-Jie , Wang Xiao-Min , Cheng Shu-Qun , Pan Wei-Wei
Published: June 2024

Background
PIF1 helicase (5ʹ→3ʹ DNA helicase) is a member of helicase superfamily 1. It has unwinding activity and plays a crucial role in maintaining genome stability and coordinating DNA damage repair processes. Overexpression of PIF1 is common in several cancers; however, its role in ovarian cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the regulatory role of PIF1 in ovarian cancer and explore its mechanism.
Results
Analysis of patient samples and public database datasets revealed a negative correlation between PIF1 overexpression and the overall survival rate of the patients. We found through molecular biology experiments and xenograft tumor models in nude mice that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated PIF1 partial knockdown in ovarian cancer cell lines significantly inhibited proliferation and clonogenicity, promoted senescence, and induced G2 cell cycle arrest. Moreover, PIF1 partial deficiency enhanced DNA damage in ovarian cancer cells, particularly sensitive to cisplatin. RAD51 serves as a central scaffold protein for homologous recombination repair and is crucial for timely and accurate DNA repair. We observed that PIF1 partial knockdown resulted in significant reduction of RAD51 in ovarian cancer cells. Notably, RAD51 overexpression in PIF1 partially deficient ovarian cancer cells rescued cell proliferation and DNA damage by increasing PIF1 expression. Immunofluorescence revealed the co-localization of EGFP-PIF1 and RAD51 in the cell nucleus, suggesting that the interaction between PIF1 and RAD51 may regulate the DNA damage response and cell survival in ovarian cancer cells.
Conclusions
Our study revealed that PIF1 is a druggable target for inducing DNA damage in ovarian cancer cells and provides insights into the potential synergistic mechanisms of action between PIF1 and RAD51 in ovarian cancer therapy.
Research on Shared Bicycle Prediction Using Gated Graph Convolutional Networks with Multi-Feature Edge Weights
Authors: Guo Hebin , Li Kexin , Rou Yutong
Published: June 2024

This study proposes an hourly demand prediction method based on a multi-feature edge-weighted gated graph convolutional network to address the imbalance in station borrowing and returning demands, as well as low station utilization in bike-sharing systems. By employing graph convolutional neural networks to capture spatial relationships between stations and utilizing gating mechanisms to integrate current and historical information, it captures the long-term dependency of time series data. Creatively, it combines three single edge-weight features—station distance, time, and correlation value—into a multi-feature edge-weighted input model graph structure, enhancing the accuracy in reflecting traveler behavior characteristics. Additionally, the study considers not only temporal and spatial factors but also incorporates traveler features as node inputs to the model. Using bike-sharing trip data from Jersey City in 2020, the study employs isolation forest algorithm for outlier detection, followed by feature dependency analysis to reveal the impact of time, space, and traveler features on demand. Moreover, it accounts for the seasonal influence on bike-sharing trips by dividing the dataset into different seasons and conducting unified research on similar seasons. Results demonstrate that the multi-feature edge-weighted gated graph convolutional neural network achieves an MAE of 0.52 and MSE of 0.906 for the spring and autumn seasons, and an MAE of 0.296 and MSE of 0.594 for the summer and winter seasons, outperforming baseline models and single-feature edge-weighted predictive performance.
Atomically resolved imaging of radiation-sensitive metal-organic frameworks via electron ptychography
Authors: Han Yu , Li Guanxing , Xu Ming , Tang Wen-Qi , Liu Ying , Chen Cailing , Zhang Daliang , Liu Lingmei , Ning Shoucong , Zhang Hui , Gu Zhi-Yuan , Lai Zhiping , Muller David
Published: June 2024

Electron ptychography, recognized as an ideal technique for low-dose imaging, consistently achieves deep sub-angstrom resolution in low-dimensional materials at electron doses of several thousand electrons per square angstrom (e-/Å2). Despite its proven efficacy, the application of electron ptychography at even lower doses—necessary for materials highly sensitive to electron beams—raises questions regarding its feasibility and the attainable resolution under such stringent conditions. Herein, we demonstrate the successful implementation of electron ptychography reconstruction at an unprecedentedly low electron dose of ~100 e-/Å2, for metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which are known for their extreme sensitivity. The reconstructed images, achieving a resolution of ~2 Å, clearly resolve organic linkers, metal clusters, and even atomic columns within these clusters, while unravelling various local structural features in MOFs, including missing linkers, extra clusters, and surface termination modes. By combining the findings from simulations and experiments, we have identified that employing a small convergence semi-angle during data acquisition is crucial for effective iterative ptychographic reconstruction under such low-dose conditions. This important insight advances our understanding of the rapidly evolving electron ptychography technique and provides a novel approach to high-resolution imaging of various sensitive materials.
Intrinsically Disordered Malaria Antigens: An Overview of Structures, Dynamics and Molecular Simulation Opportunities
Authors: da Silva Pamella , Martínez Leandro
Published: June 2024

The proteome of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) is abundant in intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs). Their important roles in the malaria life cycle and the limitations of experimental and computational methods to study this class of proteins hinder the development of antimalarial drugs. At the same time, the growing interest in IDPs and theoretical tools suggest a path for their classification and functional understanding: searching databases with experimental notes and predictions of protein disorder, developing force fields to describe protein flexibility, and using molecular dynamics enhanced sampling techniques to properly sample the IDP conformational diversity. This review discusses possibilities of exploration of Pf’s IDPs and their availability in disordered-protein databases to foster molecular modeling studies. The large percentage of intrinsic disorder present in many antigens and their ability to interact with different targets, make these proteins a major class of interest in the area of drug and vaccine development.
ETHICAL AND MORAL ASPECT IN THE DISCUSSION ABOUT GENDER CORRECTNESS IN GERMAN LANGUAGE
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Slinina Liudmila Ia.
Published: June 2024

The article deals with a problem of gender correct forms in the modern German language in the context of communicative category of politeness that regulates language behavior and provides its success. The goal of the study is to define how the supporters of gender correctness and their opponents use the moral and ethical argument to persist in their opinion and how it influences the language behavior of the people. The materials are borrowed from German online-media for the period from 2018 to 2022. With the help of the method of context analysis there were considered expressions of supporters of gender correctness and their opponents in point of relations to the recipient, to the meaning of gender correct forms, to the interaction between language and non-language reality. The supporters of gender correctness act in the tradition of feminist and gender linguistics. They believe using of the masculine form of the nouns in general meaning to be discriminating, consider the influence of language forms on the reality and come out for deliberate changes in the language. Because of connecting of the gender correct forms with ideas of equality and justice the speakers are forced to explain and to justify their language behavior. The opponents doubt about positive reaction to the gender correctforms from the recipients, demonstrate the influence of gender correct changes on the meaning of words and phrases, deny the direct connection between language forms and thoughts and behavior of the people. The study contributes to developing of communicative theory and scientific language criticism.
Selected Poems of Anuj Lugun
Authors:   Dept of English Studies, Central University of Jharkhand.
Published: June 2024

Dr Pragya Shukla has undertaken a very complex task of translating twenty-four poems written in Hindi by Anuj Lugun about “a civilization of water, forest, and land.” The civilization that Dr Lugun speaks about has been created over a vast space of the Chhotanagpur plateau region of Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Jharkhand and the western part of West Bengal. The region itself emerged out of cosmic events in the early years of the earth. This big geological drama can still be perceived in the open theatre of nature—rugged hills, tables, swift rivers and waterfalls, red soil, unique flora and fauna. In this primordial landscape, another drama unfolds with the humans occupying their place since time immemorial. The past of the ‘civilization’ can still be perceived in the rock paintings, megaliths, and cupules scattered throughout the region. At the same time, the present tries to keep up the traditions adoringly in the face of death, destruction and development. In these regions blessed with abundant natural resources, the tale of exploitation began with the enforcement of the Brahminical ideology of segregation and marginalization. This exploitation evolved into a systematic dehumanization and criminalization during the era of British colonialism. Today, this troubling legacy persists as development models implemented post-Independence have continued to perpetuate exploitation and inequality in these lands.
Vinasse treated with charcoal as a molasses diluent for ethanol fermentation
Authors: Madaleno Leonardo Lucas , Guimarães Camila Carla , De Paula Nádia Figueiredo , Teixeira Josiene Rocha
Published: June 2024

The demand for new products derived from agro-industrial residues has increased recently. Furthermore, vinasse, a wastewater from ethanol production, needs treatment to be reused in the sugarcane industry, reducing industrial water consumption. This study performed vinasse filtration with charcoal from industrial sugarcane residues and used filtered molasses dilution in ethanolic fermentation. There were five treatments in randomized blocks with three repetitions. The treatments included deionized water and natural vinasse as positive and negative controls, respectively, and filtered vinasse from charcoal made from bamboo, sugarcane bagasse, and straw. Hence, fermentation for ethanol production was performed. Compared with natural vinasse, filtered vinasse with all types of charcoal showed lower soluble solids, total residual reducing sugars, higher ethanol concentrations, and greater fermentative efficiency. Filtered vinasse from bagasse and straw charcoals had efficiencies of 81.14% and 77.98%, respectively, in terms of ethanol production, which are close to those of deionized water (81.49%). In a hypothetical industry, vinasse charcoal filtration and charcoal regeneration should prevent 84.12% of water consumption from environmental resources. This process is feasible because it uses a product of sugarcane residue to treat wastewater and reduce industrial water consumption and vinasse disposal.
Examining direct and indirect flood damages in residential and business sectors through an empirical lens
Authors: Kabirzad S. A. , Rehan B. M. , Zulkafli Z. , Yusuf B. , Hasan-Basri B. , Toriman M. E.
Published: June 2024

Investment to reduce flood risk for social and economic wellbeing requires quantitative evidence to guide decisions. Direct and indirect flood damages at individual household and business building levels were assessed in this study using multivariate analysis with three groups of flood damage attributes, i.e., flood characteristics, socioeconomic conditions, and building types. A total of 172 and 45 respondents from residential and commercial buildings were gathered through door-to-door interviews at areas in Peninsular Malaysia that were pre-identified to have frequently flooded. Two main findings can be drawn from this study. First, flood damage is greatly contributed by high-income households and businesses, despite them being less exposed to floods than low-income earners. This supports the current use of mean economic damage in engineering-based flood intervention analysis. Second, indirect damages increase with the increase in family size, indicating the importance of strengthening preparedness and social support to those with great social responsibility. Overall, the study highlights the importance of holistic flood management accounting for both direct and indirect losses.
Colombia y el neoliberalismo: de la impugnación social a la reproducción tecnocrática
Authors: Saade Figueroa José Daniel , Cortés Valencia Diego Arturo
Published: June 2024

El presente artículo reflexiona sobre la vitalidad del neoliberalismo en Colombia, país que apenas en 2022 eligió su primer gobierno que, al menos declarativamente, se propone impugnar dicha orientación económica. La idea central sobre la que versa la reflexión es el rol de la tecnocracia y cómo esta surge. Por lo tanto, se examina la enseñanza de la economía en el país y se encuentra que su característica principal es la preponderancia de la corriente ortodoxa como única o principal. Derivado de lo anterior, la economía se presenta como apolítica y técnica, cuestión que se problematiza con miras a plantear que esa formación y su rol en el Estado hace difícil realizar cambios en la política económica del país.
Pedagogías para acompañar las memorias y accionar las paces. Relatos desde la Sede de La Paz de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Authors: Meneses Lucumí Lucía Eufemia , Vargas Rubio Andres Alejandro
Published: June 2024

Este trabajo presenta los resultados de una experiencia pedagógica que tuvo como finalidad reflexionar sobre las bitácoras docentes construidas en las asignaturas optativas-disciplinares Gestión de Espacios de Memoria y Cultura de Paz, del programa de Gestión Cultural y Comunicativa, en el periodo 2022-1. Estas propuestas se desarrollaron desde el modelo pedagógico ―en construcción y reflexión permanente― de la Red de Aulas-Laboratorio de Innovación Pedagógica de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede de La Paz. El criterio metodológico consistió en planear conjuntamente los programas de las materias, ejecutarlos y documentarlos a través de la bitácora y permitir en su ejecución que el error emergiera lo más pronto posible para evaluar y ajustar durante el módulo. Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis detallado de las bitácoras y sus anexos. De tal forma, el presente documento surge como un testimonio de la intención y los primeros resultados de la presencia institucional en la región. El análisis partió de la siguiente premisa: las pedagogías para las memorias y las paces aún están en proceso de construcción y, por tanto, las formas de materializarlas son diversas en la medida en que integran saberes, voluntades, intereses y experiencias particulares. A partir de allí, la propuesta pedagógica para las materias mencionadas se estructuró pensando en abordajes teóricos que recogieran la memoria y la paz con los referentes más próximos para la comprensión de la realidad del conflicto, los actores, la historia y el territorio del departamento del Cesar y el Caribe. Como resultado, se resaltan la visibilización y el autorreconocimiento de las trayectorias de vida de los estudiantes como víctimas directas e indirectas del conflicto armado colombiano y el tímido inicio de una etapa de posconflicto, tejiendo sentidos profundos desde su formación profesional y a partir de sus recuerdos, vivencias y proyectos de futuro, de cara a una reconciliación regional.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Stability Optimization of Ibuprofen Cocrystals Employing Various Hydrophilic Polymers
Authors: Hassan Ayesha , Khan Jamshaid Ali , Nasir Fazli , Shabir Hira , Hannan Peer Abdul , Ullah Rahim , Jan Afnan , Khalid Asaad , Khan Ajmal , Al-Harrasi Ahmed
Published: June 2024

Background:

Cocrystals are an efficient way for the delivery of low soluble drugs but when dissolved
they rapidly disproportionate. To formulate the cocrystals in tablets, cocrystals must be stabilized. In
this study ibuprofen-nicotinamide (IBU-NIC) cocrystals were synthesized initially by slow solvent evaporation
and for bulk production by fast solvent evaporation techniques.

Methods:

The cocrystals were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared
spectrophotometer (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and
optical microscopy. The ibuprofen cocrystals showed greater solubility compared to the parent drug.

Result:

Intrinsic dissolution data was utilized for efficacious screening of tablet formulations. Using hydrophilic
polymers at a ratio of 6:1 (polymer to IBU-NIC cocrystal ratio), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (F1),
polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K-30 (F2) and PVP K-90 (F3), three tablet formulations were prepared that stabilized
cocrystals during dissolution. The drug release profiles after 60 minutes from formulations F1 (92.30), F2
(98.54), F3 (99.88) were all higher compared to the marketed brand BRUFEN® F, (79.61%) in a simulated intestinal
media (p<0.001).

Conclusion:

Significant increase in the dissolution rate of cocrystal was observed with no phase change in all
formulations.
Oleogels for the Promotion of Healthy Skin Care Products: Synthesis and Characterization of Allantoin Containing Moringa-based Oleogel
Authors: Yaqoob Nazia , Imtiaz Fazeelat , Shafiq Nusrat , Rehman Saima , Munir Huma , Bourhia Mohammed , Almaary Khalid S. , Nafidi Hiba-Allah
Published: June 2024

Background:

Oleogelation is an efficient and emerging approach for obtaining biocompatible
and biodegradable elastic semisolid crystals to be used in various cosmetic and
pharmaceutical formulations. Recently, drug incorporation in oil structuring has been a promising
strategy under consideration due to the effectiveness of this method. Plant oils have very
beneficial characteristics for skin care and wound healing due to the presence of certain antioxidants.

Methods:

In this study, the oleogels of Moringa oleifera seed oil with natural polysaccharides,
including pectin, chitosan, and xanthan gum, were prepared using the emulsion template method.
Moringa oil was selected because it can hydrate and moisturize the skin and has great antioxidant
activity. Also, the natural polysaccharides, i.e., pectin and chitosan, exhibited good gelling properties.
Allantoin, which is a wound healer and eucalyptus leaf oil with antioxidant potential, was
incorporated into the emulsion-based-oleogels to enhance the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity
of the oleogels.

Results:

Allantoin and eucalyptus-loaded oleogels exhibited good antibacterial activity against
E. coli. The FTIR spectra of moringa-based oleogels in the range between 3226-3422 cm-1 indicate
the presence of hydrogen bonding in oleogels.

Conclusion:

The antioxidant potential of allantoin and eucalyptus-containing oleogel was maximized,
and an IC50 value of 0.9719 μM was found. Maximum release of allantoin from oleogel
was observed in the first hour.
Unravelling the Microbiome's Role in Healing Diabetic Wounds
Authors: Dhankhar Sanchit , Garg Nitika , Chauhan Samrat , Saini Monika , Singh Thakur Gurjeet , Singh Randhir
Published: June 2024

The process of wound healing is intricate and requires close coordination; any disruption
to this process can have catastrophic results. It is hypothesized that chronic wounds that do
not heal or that cease healing entirely can be caused by a combination of host factors and bacteria
that are present in a wound bed or wound bed environment. There is currently a lack of understanding
regarding the role that the cutaneous microbiome plays in the healing process of
wounds, despite the fact that methods that do not rely on culture have revealed the role that the
gut microbiome plays in human health and illness. In order to keep the host immune system in
check, protect the epithelial barrier function, and ward off harmful microbes, skin commensals
play a crucial role. This review compiles the research on the effects of microbiome modifications
on wound healing and tissue regeneration from both clinical and pre-clinical investigations on a
variety of chronic skin wounds. It is now clear that human skin commensals, symbionts, and
pathogens all play a part in the inflammatory response, which in turn suggests a number of ways
to treat wounds that are infected and not healing. To fully understand the function of the human
skin microbiome in both short-term and long-term wound healing, additional study is required to
reconcile the conflicting and contentious results of previous investigations.
Revolutionizing Playing with Skeleton Atoms: Molecular Editing Surgery in Medicinal Chemistry
Authors: Rabie Amgad M.
Published: June 2024

Finding the most perfect drug candidates in the fields of drug discovery and medicinal
chemistry will remain the main interest of drug designers. This concern necessitates organic and
medicinal chemists, in most examples, to precisely design and search for drug candidates that are
very analogous to the present effective drugs with solving, mainly, their proven critical pharmacological
and clinical issues through slightly changing one or two atoms of the principal functional
skeletons of the molecules of these present therapeutics by atom swapping, removal, and/or addition
procedures in organic chemical synthesis. This accurate modern chemicosimilarity tactic in drug
discovery surely saves time while keeping us very close, or sometimes highly superior, to the parent
pharmacophoric bioactivity (i.e., keeping considerable analogy to the parent therapeutic molecule).
From this perspective and logic, the science of skeletal editing of molecules (i.e., skeletal molecular
editing) arose in the era of artificial intelligence (AI) and its dramatic predictions. As a pioneer in
this modern branch in pharmaceutical and therapeutic organic chemistry, in this up-to-date minireview
and perspective article, an attempt was made to introduce skeletal editing and its synthetic
surgeries (over molecules) to the audience (including irrelevant readers) in a simpler and more attractive
way as a novel chemical technology, highlighting the previous synthetic trials (in general),
demonstrating the three main techniques, and, finally, discussing the future therapeutic needs and
scenarios from a medicinal chemist's viewpoint.
Frontiers of Plant-derived Exosomes from Research Methods to Pharmaceutical Applications in Plant-based Therapeutics
Authors: Fu Wenshang , Zhang Pingli , Wang Wei , Du Mengdie , Ni Rui , Sun Yongshun
Published: June 2024

Exosomes have emerged as critical mediators of intercellular communication and various
physiological processes between cells and their environment. These nano-sized vesicles have
been extensively investigated and confirmed to exhibit multifunctionality in animal systems. In
particular, they participate in intercellular signaling, influence disease progression, and exhibit biological
activity. However, Plant-Derived Exosomes (PDEs), especially therapeutic PDEs, have received
relatively limited attention in the past few decades. Recent studies have demonstrated that
PDEs are involved in signaling molecule transport in addition to intercellular communication, as
they serve as functional molecules in the cellular microenvironment. This characteristic highlights
the immense potential of PDEs for a wide array of applications, including antioxidation, anti-inflammation,
tumour cell elimination, immune modulation, and tissue regeneration. In addition,
PDEs hold substantial promise as efficient drug carriers, enhancing the stability and bioavailability
of therapeutic agents and consequently enabling targeted delivery to specific cells or tissues.
Therefore, PDEs may serve as effective tools for drug delivery and the treatment of various diseases.
This comprehensive review provides an overview of recent studies on therapeutic PDEs, focusing
on their extraction, isolation, characterization methods, biological activities, and application
prospects. It summarises the research progress of exosome-like nanovesicles derived from medicinal
plants, with a specific emphasis on traditional Chinese medicine, and highlights their importance
in disease treatment and nanoparticle delivery. The main objective is to accelerate the clinical
translation of these nanovesicles while providing novel approaches and methodologies for the
research and development of innovative drugs.
24 Factorial Design Formulation Optimization and In vitro Characterization of Desloratadine Nanosuspension Prepared Using Antisolvent Precipitation
Authors: El-Sebaiy Mohamed T. , Alyami Mohammad H. , Alyami Hamad S. , Kamal Mohammad Amjad , Eissa Noura , Balata Gehan , El-Nahas Hanan
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Desloratadine, a second-generation antihistaminic drug, is poorly watersoluble
and requires amelioration of the dissolution rate to improve its pharmacokinetics properties.

Method:

This study investigated the impact of polymer, surfactant types, and concentration on the
particle size, zeta potential, and dissolution efficiency of nanosuspensions formulated through the
solvent antisolvent precipitation method. To optimize the delivery of Desloratadine nanosuspension,
we used Minitab software and a 4-factor, 2-level full factorial design. Physicochemical properties
and drug release studies were conducted to evaluate the suggested nanosuspension formulations. The
optimization goals included minimizing particle size and zeta potential while maximizing dissolution
efficiencies.

Result:

The selected optimal nanosuspension demonstrated favourable values, including a particle
size of 478.63 ± 15.67 nm, a zeta potential of -36.24 ± 3.21 mV, and dissolution efficiencies in double
distilled water and buffer of 90.29 ± 3.75 % and 93.70 ± 3.67 %, respectively. The optimized
formulation was subjected to additional analysis using X-ray powder diffraction (XPRD), scanning
and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
(FTIR).

Conclusion:

The optimized nanosuspension formulation also underwent further studies under optimal
lyophilization conditions, revealing the effectiveness of mannitol as a cryoprotectant at a concentration
of 8%.
Role of Plant Materials with Anti-inflammatory Effects in Phytotherapy of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Geszke-Moritz Malgorzata , Nowak Gerard , Moritz Michał , Feist Barbara , Nycz Jacek E.
Published: June 2024

:

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic articular degenerative disease characterized
by articular cartilage degradation, synovial inflammation/immunity, and subchondral bone lesions.
Recently, increasing interest has been devoted to treating or preventing OA with herbal
medicines. The mechanism of action of plant raw materials used in osteoarthrosis treatment is
well documented. They are sought after because of the high frequency of inflammation of the
knee joint among both elderly and young people engaged in sports in which their knee joints are
often exposed to high-stress conditions.

:

The purpose of this work was to present some most effective and safe plant medicines with
proven mechanisms of action that can help to alleviate the growing social problem of osteoarthrosis
caused in recent years.

:

A review of the available literature based primarily on the latest editions of ESCOP and EMA
monographs and the latest scientific papers has made it possible to select and propose medical management
of osteoarthrosis by ranking plant medicines according to their effectiveness.

:

Clinical studies of raw plant materials, such as Harpagophyti radix, Olibanum indicum, and Urticae
foliumet herba have indicated that these drugs should be considered the first choice in osteoarthrosis
treatment. The efficacy of Rosae pseudo-fructus, Salicis cortex, Filipendulae ulmariae
flos et herba, Ribis nigri folium, and externally applied Capsici fructus and Symphyti radix, has
also been proven by pharmacological studies. All the plant medicines mentioned in the paper have
been studied in detail in terms of their phytochemistry, which can help doctors in their decisionmaking
in the treatment of osteoarthrosis.
Chemistry or Hypoglycaemic Aspect of Thiazolidin-2,4-Dione Insight into
the Structure-activity Relationship
Authors: Kaur Parvinder , Kumar Nitin , Sharma Shikha , Banik Bimal Krishna
Published: June 2024

Heterocyclic compounds that incorporate nitrogen and sulfur, particularly those within
the thiazole family, have garnered significant attention due to their versatile synthetic properties.
This interest arises from their abundance of biologically active natural products and their effectiveness
as potent agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. Among these, the thiazolidin-2,4-dione
(TZD) motif plays a pivotal role in the biological functions of many important molecules. The
adaptability of the TZD scaffold is further heightened by the potential for substitutions at the third
and fifth positions, rendering it a widely employed moiety with diverse biological effects. TZD
analogs, bearing substitutions at these positions, exhibit a wide spectrum of biological activities,
with a notable emphasis on hypoglycemic effects attributed to enhanced insulin resistance
through the activation of the PPAR-γ receptor. This manuscript aims to present a comprehensive
review of research conducted on TZD derivatives as potential antihyperglycemic agents spanning
from 2010 to the current date. The review encompasses insights into their molecular mechanisms.
Thiazolidin-based chemicals have received significant attention as hypoglycemic agents and provided
information on patents granted for TZD analogs.
A Review on Current Prospective and Applications of Green Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications
Authors: Bahadur Shiv , Agrawal Gaurav
Published: June 2024

Green chemistry has been recognised as a new prominent field that endeavours to work
at the molecular level to achieve sustainability in the various area of pharmaceuticals. Sustainable
chemistry can be defined as the formation of chemical products which reduces the generation of
toxic and harmful substances. Hence, green chemistry may decrease pollution and risks of chemical
release into the biosphere. Green chemistry has various applications in specific fields like pharmaceutical
product development, analytical chemistry and chemical synthesis methods. The applications
of green chemistry and nanotechnology for drug delivery in pharmaceuticals can enhance
safety and effectiveness. The pollution resulting from conventional methods creates a requirement
for environmentally friendly methods. Green nanotechnology may be useful in several areas of
biomedical, such as plant extract may be used for the development of advanced novel nanoparticles
with the need for progress in biomedicine, antibacterial, nano-biotechnology, sensing and in
electrochemical, cosmetics, electronics, biosensors and other applications. The green chemistry approaches
may be implemented in various sectors of the pharmaceutical industry, such as biocatalysts,
green solvents, green nanotechnology, etc. Hence, the present review article highlights several
aspects of green chemistry and its applications in waste management and pollution control.
Further, the pharmaceutical application of green chemistry has been discussed.
Spectrum of Respiratory Viruses Among Returning Iranian Pilgrims with Respiratory Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A 2022 Study
Authors: Malekshahi Somayeh Shatizadeh , Shafiei-Jandaghi Nazanin-Zahra , Faraji-Zonouz Marziyeh , Mirsalehi Negar , Saadatmand Fatemeh , Zanjani Elham , Mahfoozi Saeedeh , Zadheidar Sevrin , Kalantari Shirin , Arshi Shahnam , Yavarian Jila
Published: June 2024

Background:

The overcrowding conditions provide a favorable environment for viral
transmission and increase the risk of respiratory infections among pilgrims. Hence, acute respiratory
infections (ATIs) that can be transmitted through aerosols, droplets, and close contacts are a major
public health concern during mass gathering (MG) events like Hajj.

Objective:

In this study, we reported the prevalence of different respiratory viruses in returning pilgrims
at Tehran airport in August 2022 during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, throat and nasal swab samples from pilgrims with respiratory
signs and symptoms were taken. The samples were sent to the National Influenza Center for influenza
detection. We tested the samples for detection of influenza (IFV), SARS-CoV2, HCoV-229E,
NL63, HKU1, OC43, human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), adenovirus (AdV), and human
rhinovirus (HRV). Real-time RT-PCR was performed to detect all RNA viruses except HRV, and
nested PCR was performed to detect AdV and HRV.

Results:

Of returning pilgrims on arrival at Tehran airport, 10 (38.5%) were positive for at least one
respiratory virus as follows: 2(7.7%) AdV, 3(11.5%) IFVA, which included 1 A/H1N1, 1 A/H3N2,
and 1 A/H3N2 and A/H1N1 coinfection, 2 (7.7%) HCoV-229E, 2(7.7%) SARS-CoV2, 1(3.9%)
HCoV-OC43, and 1(3.9%) HRV. No HRSV was detected. It is worth noting that the SARS-CoV2-
positive sample was co-infected with IFVA/H3N2.

Conclusion:

This report showed that respiratory viruses remain a possible public health concern for
pilgrims during Hajj seasons. We showed the circulation of some respiratory viruses among a small
number of pilgrims during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Звернення головного редактора проф. І.П. Мазур
Authors: Authors No
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Representación de cuencos de deflexión en estructuras de pavimento flexible aeroportuario
Authors: Higuera-Sandoval Carlos Hernando , Camero-Patiño Susan Daniela , Ospina-Moreno Laura Sofia
Published: June 2024

La elaboración de un cuenco de deflexión para aeronaves es una alternativa para el análisis y observación de sus cargas sobre una estructura de pavimento flexible y de esta forma dar un seguimiento al desplazamiento que se genera en el paquete estructural ante el paso de las aeronaves que transiten en un aeropuerto, pues los cuencos inciden en el funcionamiento estructural y funcional de una estructura de pavimento flexible y por lo tanto en su vida útil de esta forma se realiza el análisis del efecto del daño del avión de diseño (B-707-320-B) de una flota, al que previamente se le calculó una estructura de pavimento flexible con ayuda del programa FAARFILED y siguiendo la metodología de la FAA, para lograr la construcción de cuencos de deflexión longitudinales, transversales y en 3D a través de la formación de una matriz de 5000 puntos en el software Excel y el software WinJULEA para la modelación, dando como resultado deflexiones significativas mayores a 3 mm en el tren principal y mayores a 2 mm en el tren de nariz en el eje de aplicación de las cargas en cada caso, se determinó de la misma forma, un área de influencia significativa de las ruedas del avión en el pavimento y el tren principal es el que genera el mayor daño en el pavimento por la magnitud de la carga aplicada.
Toward Integration of Blockchain, Cryptocurrencies into Forensic Accounting Education
Authors: Rezaee Zabihollah , Wang Jim
Published: June 2024

Blockchain and cryptocurrency knowledge and skills are important for forensic accountants. We examine the integration of blockchain and cryptocurrency topics into forensic accounting education by (1) reviewing the literature to identify a list of blockchain and cryptocurrency topics that could be incorporated into forensic accounting education, (2) investigating the forensic accounting curriculum of universities worldwide in their coverage of blockchain and cryptocurrencies topics, and (3) presenting important topics in blockchain and cryptocurrencies that could be taught in related courses with a keen focus on the module approach. Among 20 universities with forensic accounting programs in China, only four provide stand-alone blockchain and cryptocurrency courses compared with 25 out of 58 forensic accounting programs in the United States that offer stand-alone blockchain and cryptocurrency courses. Our results highlight the importance of integrating blockchain and cryptocurrency content into forensic accounting education to provide the skills to deter, detect, and prevent fraud.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources.

JEL Classifications: M41; M42.
Investigating the influence of titanium particle size and concentration on osteogenic response of human osteoblasts – in vitro study
Authors: Sheela Soumya , Kheder Waad , Samsudin A B Rani
Published: June 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the size and concentration of titanium particles and the osteogenic response of human osteoblasts (HOB). 
Materials and Methods: Different concentrations of titanium dioxide nano- and micro-particles were prepared and their biocompatibility on HOBs was analyzed using XTT assay. The changes in the actin cytoskeletal organization were studied by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) by HOBs after exposure to titanium dioxide particles was analyzed using ROS assay. Besides, the osteogenic potential represented by alkaline phosphatase activity, osteoprotegerin, macrophage colony stimulating factor levels, and biomineralization were analyzed.
Results: Short-term interaction of titanium dioxide nano- and micro-particles did not induce toxicity to HOBs. However, cells treated with 100 μg/mL titanium dioxide nano- and micro-particles demonstrated higher ROS generation compared to control. Besides, cells treated with 100 µg/mL titanium dioxide nanoparticles showed higher alkaline phosphatase activity, osteoprotegerin, macrophage colony stimulating factor levels and biomineralization compared to titanium dioxide microparticles. 
Conclusion: Collectively, the study found titanium dioxide nanoparticles to be more biocompatible than microparticles providing an insight into the capability of nanostructures in supporting osteoblast differentiation and its plausibility in biomedical applications.
Synthesis of bimetallic core/shell nanoparticles via pulse laser ablation and their catalytic effectiveness in dye degradation
Authors: Siddiq Muhammad , Ur Rehman Zia , Asim Rasheed Muhammad , Ul Hassan Syed Mujtaba , Qayyum Hamza , Mehmood Sultan , Qayyum Abdul
Published: June 2024

In this study, a simple two step method is employed to sequentially synthesize bimetallic core/shell nanoparticles (NPs). In the first step, pure mono Au and Ag NPs are prepared via 1064 nm pulsed laser ablations in liquid. In the second step, the Au/Ag substrate immersed in the Au/Ag colloidal solution is exposed to the nanosecond laser at 1064 nm wavelength using various laser energies and ablation periods. The crystalline phase and morphology of the bimetallic core/shell NPs (Au/Ag, Ag/Au) are examined by x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The results showed that highly crystalline, well-dispersed spherical monometallic and bimetallic core/shell NPs can be synthesized via pulse laser ablation in liquid. The average diameter of Au, Ag, Au/Ag, and Ag/Au NPs is 34, 40, 58, and 43 nm, respectively. With increasing laser energy, the plasmonic absorption peak of Au NPs redshifts and that of Ag NPs blueshifts. For core/shell, two plasmonic peaks were observed, each of which shifted with increasing ablation time for shell material. Organic dyes with concentrations of 10−5M of methylene-blue with NaBH4 of 0.05M and methylene-orange with NaBH4 of 0.1M are used to examine the catalytic performance of the NPs. The core/shell NPs performed better than monometallic NPs. In particular, the catalytic degradation efficiency of Au/Ag and Ag/Au NPs is approximately 90% in significantly less time than monometallic Au and Ag NPs.
Pelatihan Pemrograman Menggunakan AppIventor di Sekolah Dasar sebagai bagian Literasi Digital di Era Industri 4.0
Authors: Rizal Adhi , Primajaya Aji , Haodudi Nurkifli E. , Ibnu Adam Riza , Susilawati
Published: June 2024

Anak-anak usia dini yang termasuk ke dalam rentang 4 – 5 tahun di berbagai negara maju sudah dikenalkan konsep pemrograman, bahkan sudah terintegrasi di dalam kurikulum pembelajaran di sekolah. Keterampilan seseorang dalam membuat program pada umumnya tidak dapat langsung diperoleh atau dikuasai dengan waktu yang singkat. Di Indonesia, kesadaran terhadap pentingnya pengembangan pola berpikir melalui cara berpikir komputasional masih rendah, terutama di daerah yang jauh dari perkotaan. Oleh karena itu kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilaksanakan di SDN Cadaskertajaya II, Kabupaten Karawang. Platform yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah MIT AppInventor yang merupakan platform berbasis web untuk membuat aplikasi gawai berbasis blok visual. Metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan ini terdiri dari 2 tahapan utama, yaitu persiapan dan pelaksanaan. Selama kegiatan pelatihan berjalan, peserta didik sangat antusias terhadap materi yang disampaikan. Kemudian berdasarkan hasil post-test dan diskusi di akhir kegiatan, secara keseluruhan kegiatan pelatihan ini berjalan dengan efektif, mudah dipahami, berkesan, bermanfaat, serta menarik dan menyenangkan.
Validitas dan Reliabilitas Tes Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis di SMP Santo Petrus Medan
Authors: Imelda Imelda
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui validitas dan reliabilitas tes kemampuan pemahaman matematis yang sudah dikembangkan. Metode penelitian deskriptif kuantitaif digunakan untuk membuat gambar atau deskriptif tentang suatu keadaan secara objektif yang menggunakan angka, mulai dari pengumpulan data, penafsiran terhadap data tersebut serta penampilan dan hasilnya. Data dikumpulkan dengan tes, dokumentasi dan wawancara. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 31 orang siswa kelas VIII-1 SMP Santo Petrus Medan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  dari soal nomor 1 sampai soal nomor 7 diperoleh validitas sebesar 0,69 (tinggi), 0,64 (tinggi), 0,37 (tinggi), 0,42 (sedang), -0,28, 0,48 (sedang) dan 0,45 (sedang). Reliabilitas tes kemampuan pemahaman konsep sebesar 0,6 dengan reliabilitas sedang.
Control legal relations in the system of financial legal relations
Authors: Bortnyk N. P. , Yesimov S. S.
Published: June 2024

The article comprehensively and systematically, on the basis of current legislation, examines control legal relations in the system of financial legal relations. The object of the research is control legal relations in the system of financial legal relations. In the course of the research, general scientific methods are used - analysis, synthesis, classification, analogy, logical, system-structural and private scientific research methods - formal-legal, comparative-legal, technical-legal. Financial legal relations arise in the field of financial activity of the state and local authorities, local self-government bodies, but not all relations that arise in the process of financial activity are financial and legal. The financial legal relationship is essentially an economic relationship, has a power-property nature and expresses public interests. Financial legal relations are built on legal regulation using the method of official orders. Controlling financial legal relations by their structural type are imperatively directed. This is manifested in the following: the structure of legal relations is dominated by mandatory prescriptions in the form of positive duties and subjective rights-obligations; the rights and obligations of subjects are stipulated in the vast majority of cases in the law, and not in acts of individual regulation; the subject authorized to take active actions has, in the vast majority of cases, a very narrow mode of freedom of conduct. It is noted that the study covers the field of emergence of financial legal relations, including in the field of financial control in modern conditions. This provides an opportunity to learn more about the nature of control activity as an institution of financial law; outlines the modern boundaries of financial legal relations, including controlling financial legal relations in the budgetary and tax spheres and their relation to absolute and relative legal relations. Research of control legal relations in the budgetary and tax spheres contributes to the definition of the mechanism of implementation of control budgetary and tax legal relations, and at the same time reveals new tools in the mechanism of financial and legal control.
Areas of Application of Public-Private Partnership: Specific Legal Regulation Issues
Authors: Marchenko S. I.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to exploring the current issue of the lack of widespread application of public-private partnership in certain areas in Ukraine. The author points out the dependence in the legislation on public-private partnership between the decision of the public partner and the choice of the sphere that the private partner wishes to select.
The article concludes on the necessity of complementing national legislation with various spheres where public-private partnership can be applied. These include the agricultural sector (agriculture), land relations, security and defense sector, housing and utility services in the context of construction and housing operation, as well as prevention, response, and minimization of the consequences of emergencies of technological, natural, and socio-political nature.
Examples are provided to demonstrate the relevance of applying public-private partnership to spheres not mentioned in legislation regarding public-private partnership. In particular, an example is given of the presence of information on public-private partnership in documents of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Decrees of the President of Ukraine, etc.
In addition, the author points out the problematic issues regarding the lack of proper regulation in the agricultural and land relations sectors, defense and security, as well as housing construction. The problems in these areas are caused, among other things, because of the absence of balanced state policies in the agricultural sector and land use. The lack of proper housing policy and a new Housing Code is also noted. The absence of the defense sector is also mentioned in the provisions of draft law No. 7508, adopted in the first reading in 2022.
At the same time, to confirm the necessity of applying public-private partnership in the field of prevention, response, and minimization of the consequences of emergencies of technological, natural, and socio-political nature, the author cites an example from Japan, which is mentioned in the World Bank guide as the successful implementation of public-private partnership regulation.