bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fostering Reading Skills through Simplex Didactics and Music: Creation of an Inclusive Tool for Pupils with Dyslexia
Authors: Di Paolo Alessio , Zappalà Emanuela
Published: January 2025

During the last decades, prevalence of pupils with Specific Learning Disorder, and more specifically with Dyslexia, is on the increase in Italian schools. It requires both researchers and teachers to investigate, adapt and adopt simplex teaching strategies. that may foster pupils learning process at primary schools by taking account of their educational needs, their learning styles and preferences. According to these premises, the following article aims to create a teaching tool that may support the reading learning process of pupils with dyslexia, during the first years of primary schools, by adopting the simplex principle of detour and the educational potential of music.
Keywords: music, simplexity, specific learning disorders, inclusive education, reading skill
La dispense de peine dans la jurisprudence de la Cour de Cassation
Authors:   Université de Montpellier, France, PONSEILLE Anne
Published: January 2025

Presented by the law as a tool for individualizing sentences, the exemption from punishment is rarely used by the judge. However, in recent years, the Court of Cassation has revised the terms of its decision by requiring reasons to be given and has provided details relating to the legal consequences attached to it.
The avant-garde of Romanian letters at the confluence of copyright
Authors:   Faculty of Law, University „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” Iași, DOMINTE Nicoleta Rodica , AVARVAREI Simona Catrinel ,   Faculty of Agriculture, University of Life Science Iași
Published: January 2025

In a law and literature equation, vital concepts of copyright can be mapped and reinterpreted through the lens of literature in the context of an obvious organic connection. Romanian jurists outlined a text of modern law adapted to the protection requirements of the act of intellectual creation in parallel with the movements of avant-garde literature in a constructive integration into the European space. An excellent radiography of the beginning and the flowering period of the Romanian literary avant-garde movement can be read in the book authored by Saşa Pană, Born in ʹ02, initially published in 1973 and republished in 2021, which we analyse from the perspective of a fascinating connection with the field of copyright. Tristan Tzara, Urmuz, Stephan Roll, Saşa Pană, Geo Bogza are only a few Romanian writers who represent the avant-garde literary movement. Their innovations in the field of literature have shaped not only a change of style in literary texts, but a new understanding of the notion of originality, the criterion on the basis of which copyright protection is recognized. The relevance of the effervescent avant-garde movement is confirmed by the revitalization of the art of the word, by the multitude pages of literary magazines in which the authors captured reality under multiple valences, as well as by dissemination beyond Romania's borders. Sometimes, the literary pen names had been a means of concealing one's own identity and promoting one's literary personality without normative constraints. Copyright neutrality has never been a shield for avant-garde writers, who have faced lawsuits because some of their writings conflicted with public morality. Moreover, we appreciate that this Romanian patch of novelty in the art of belles-lettres is a significant expression of exploring new forms of art, while denying traditional ones. Based on these considerations, social, historical and legal implications map the contextual peculiarities of avant-garde in the Romanian literature and society.
Les effets de la cessation de la qualité de Partie à la Convention européenne des droits de l'homme sur la qualité de Partie aux traités connexes
Authors:   Université de Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne ‒ Collège Juridique d'Études Européennes, POPESCU Corneliu-Liviu
Published: January 2025

Ceasing to be a Party to the European Convention on Human Rights automatically and without any further formality entails ceasing to be a Party to the (amending and additional) Protocols to the Convention, which are not independent treaties. On the contrary, it has no direct effect on Party status to the treaties derived from the Convention (those concerning the immunities of judges and participants in proceedings before the European Court of Human Rights), namely the Sixth Protocol to the General Agreement on Privileges and Immunities of the Council of Europe and the European Agreement relating to Persons participating in Proceedings of the European Court of Human Rights, since Party status to these two treaties is conditional on membership of the Council of Europe, not on Party status to the Convention. The latter solution also applies to the Oviedo Convention, which is a treaty linked to the European Convention on Human Rights by the mechanism of advisory opinions delivered by the Court, since the status of Party to the Oviedo Convention can be enjoyed even by non-Member States of the Council of Europe.
Surpriza unei jurisprudențe nesurprinzătoare: cauza CEDO Buhuceanu și alții c. României (23 mai 2023), din perspectiva dreptului intern român
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea din București, NICOLESCU Cristina-Mihaela , DETEȘEANU Daniela-Anca ,   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea din București
Published: January 2025

"Using a dynamic and evolutive interpretation, the European Court of Human Rights drew new dimensions for the protection and the legal recognition of same-sex unions, extending the effect of such protection, through the right to a family life.
Paying tribute to a conservative vision with respect to the family models, outside marriage between a man and a woman, the Romanian Civil Code does not allow any other form of union/registered partnership, either between different-sex persons, or same-sex persons. Even if, from European Court of Human Rights’ case-law could have been extracted a positive obligation of the State-parties to enact legislation in this respect, the Romanian State proved unable to get rid of its inertia and opacity and adequately react through its legislation, configuring some normative formulae able to ensure the legal recognition and a minimal protection to the same-sex couples.
The judgement Buhuceanu and others c. Romania (with a totally unsurprising solution decided by the Strasbourg court) comes to dislocate stoned local mentalities, practically forcing the adoption of the necessary changes to anchor the Romanian legislation to the European standards and exigencies - a road of no return."
Compatibilitatea dintre legislația din anii 2021-2023 care a permis modificarea prețurilor contractelor de achiziții publice în derulare și imperativele dreptului european și național
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea din București, IANCU Teodor Radu
Published: January 2025

In the context of the overlapping crises from 2021-2023 and their effects, especially when it comes to inflation, the Government of Romania has adopted in this period a set of ordinances and emergency ordinances by which it modified, directly through the effect of the law, the prices of the ongoing public procurement contracts, even if they did not have a review clause provided for in the award documentation. The present study aimed to determine to what extent this legislative agenda respected the general principles of law, the provisions of the Romanian Constitution and Directive 24/2014, to draw a parallel with the general theory of unpredictability, to analyse the economic context that generated the adoption of these legislative measures and to expose a number of potential sensitivities of this legal approach.
Practical challenges to the law efficiency in the new relevant markets
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea București, ALMĂȘAN Adriana
Published: January 2025

This fourth wave of industrial revolution, prone to be brought by the new technologies at the beginning of the 21st century, changes the economy in a radical fashion. The technological advance enabled the disruptive economies and an unprecedented rate of emerging markets. In the same time, an improved consciousness of the humanity added a self-awareness about the role of the humans on the planet and their duty to enhance the life quality and sustainability of their interaction with the planet. The rapidity of the economical and social transformation induced a lag between the necessities imposed by the reality and the actual coverage of the law. Relying on a long tradition in efficient regulation and applicability of law, the European Union and its Member States assumed the efficiency of law unchallenged. Most of the problematic issues stemmed from the identifying the adequate instruments required for the law enforcement. The paradigm radically changed when the legislation unveiled considerable shortcomings in managing the newest behavioural trends in several emerging markets which challenged the capability of the regulatory system. As regards equally the supremacy of law and the obedience to the ordinary law, within a single regulatory system, the current economy ensues aspects that are difficult to grasp within the ongoing development of cyber-physical systems, such as the ones assisted by Artificial Intelligence. The paper discusses the challenges and several conditions that the regulations should meet to overcome the problems.
Efectele cauzelor de agravare și circumstanțelor agravante asupra limitelor pedepsei. Corelarea dispozițiilor din partea generală a Codului penal cu norme speciale
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea București, LEFTERACHE Lavinia-Valeria
Published: January 2025

"The absence of explicit mention of the legal nature of the aggravation of the penalty in the case of committing a crime that seeks a patrimonial benefit also stems from the different influence they have on the main penalty, such as a fine or imprisonment. The consequences seem to correspond to a dual nature (one similar to the optional aggravation of the special limits of days-fine, and the other to the addition of the penalty of the fine to the prison sentence) sui generis (of a special sanction and alternative to the prison or the fine, by its optional character, in the case of certain categories of crimes).
Regardless of the legal nature of the institution, special and alternative sanction in the case of certain categories of crimes or cause of special aggravation, its consequences are clear in the sense of the aggravation of the sanction, and the way of applying the text of the law in art. 61 Penal Code. and art. 62 Penal Code, clarify its aggravating character and the mechanism of individualization.
Against the explicit possibility of derogating from the provisions of the general part of the criminal code, the question arises related to the limits of these derogations: it could also be derogated with regard to the general maximum of the punishment, as regulated in the general part of the criminal code, or only with regard to the content of the sanctions or also with regard to the sanctioning regime applicable to certain categories of recipients of the criminal law, or only in matters that do not influence the legality of criminalization and punishment within the limits established by the general part of the criminal code.
In the case of the provision of special aggravating circumstances in the law, in the absence of a special rule, the effect of increasing the penalty can only be that of the general rule."
La liberté académique et / ou / contre l’autonomie des universités en Roumanie
Authors:   Université de Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - Collège Juridique d’Études Européennes, POPESCU Corneliu-Liviu
Published: January 2025

Academic freedom for academics and university autonomy together constitute the university freedoms born of the European tradition and represent important democratic values. These two values are autonomous, but they act together and normally live in peace, although conflicts between them cannot be excluded. As these two values are hierarchical, and despite the fact that in Romanian law it is only university autonomy that has an express constitutional consecration and is qualified as a component element of the fundamental right to education, European human rights law enshrines academic freedom as a human right, so it is this value that must be preferred in the event of conflict with university autonomy, while preserving the fair balance between the interests involved.
Efectele suspendării executării actelor administrative cu caracter normativ
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea București, CIOBANU Alexandru-Sorin
Published: January 2025

"One of the important problems, in the field of Administrative Law, is the regime of judicial suspension of normative administrative acts, more precisely if such a measure produces relative effects or general effects.
While there is no solution of unitary practice from the High Court of Cassation and Justice, both the jurisprudence and the doctrine are divided, in terms of interpretation.
The present study aims to explain the correct solution according to the law, but, also, to provide a prospect of future modification."
Maternitatea de substituție între Scila și Caribda. Interdicție totală sau admisibilitate condiționată?
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea București, NICOLESCU Cristina
Published: January 2025

"The topic of surrogacy raises a wide range of ethical and legal dilemmas. Therefore, courts and law makers worldwide are profoundly divided when evaluating the legitimacy of this practice.
Genetics, and not the element of intention, continue to hold a central role around parenthood, as the European Court of Human Rights held in the main judgments regarding the controversial terrain of transnational surrogacy."
Overview of diversity imbalance on boards of European and American listed companies and possible remedies
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea București, PAPADIMA Raluca
Published: January 2025

This article discusses possible means for addressing the documented lack of diversity on board of directors of listed companies in the European Union and the United States. The lack of diversity is typically assessed through three categories: gender diversity, racial/ethnic diversity and sexual orientation diversity. Until recently, efforts to improve diversity have focused solely on gender diversity but further expansion towards other categories is imminent. This article documents and assesses the main methods used to influence diversity: self-regulation, soft law, regulations from stock exchanges, and hard law in the form of either mandatory quotas or disclosure obligations assorted with heavy sanctions. It takes a critical approach to quota-based laws and regulations from the perspective of the principle of equality and the law on positive discrimination.
Respectarea și aplicarea teritorială extinsă a dreptului Uniunii Europene - factor de coeziune și stabilitate. Focus asupra „problemei cipriote”
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea București, SALOMIA Oana-Mihaela
Published: January 2025

"The specificity of the law of the European Union in relation to the national law of the Member States is based on the characteristic of the European Union as an international intergovernmental integration organization which acts in order to fulfill the common objectives of the Member States by adopting, in certain fields of competence, mandatory rules for them; these characteristics – the immediate application, direct application and primacy were stated in the relevant jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union (which succeeded the Court of Justice of the European Communities) and respected by the Member States.
Along with these fundamental features, we appreciate that the law of the European Union also enjoys another particularity, namely its extended territorial application which is the subject of the analysis below, through which we will present the «territorial application of the Union Treaties» highlighting the originality of this characteristic, focusing on the application in the Turkish Cypriot Community in the light of the «Cyprus problem».
The emphasis of the extended territorial application of European Union law assumes the solid foundations of the Union legal order which guarantees, at the same time, the respect for public international law and the United Nations Charter according to art. 3 paragraph (5) of the Treaty on the European Union, without detailing the notions of extraterritoriality and trans-territoriality which are the subject of a specific doctrinal analysis."
Principiul legalității la 10 ani de la intrarea în vigoare a Codului penal
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea București, LAZĂR George-Alexandru
Published: January 2025

"The principle of legality is an old concept that stands as the bedrock of our legal system. It is a safeguard against despotism and is tightly bound to the rule of law, a notion that is prevalent in pluralist and democratic societies.
The principle has not evolved considerably in the science of criminal law in the past decades, as shows the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights. If looking through criminal law textbooks, one will arrive at the same conclusion, that the concept of legality is rather stable and well-established as a core concept of criminal law.
However, the case-law of the Constitutional Court of Romania on this subject seems to have not been bound by the known limits of the principle of legality. In this paper I analyse six relevant decisions from the past decade in which the Court seems to have moved away from the traditional meaning of legality and adopted a looser approach to the term."
Guidance, recommendations and examples of developing of patient-centered data systems: A scoping review protocol.
Authors: Barnett Cleveland Thomas , Hodgson Lisa , Donovan-Hall Maggie , Chadwell Alix , Roche Kiera , Scott David A , Woods Lois , Ostler Chantel
Published: January 2025

BackgroundData plays a significant role in modern healthcare. Large-scale data systems use healthcare data to improve the design, delivery and review of healthcare. However, these data systems often lack a patient-centered approach. Patient-centered approaches to healthcare improve outcomes. Integrating a patient-centered approach into a large-scale data systems have great promise. Examples such as learning health systems have resulted in many positive healthcare outcomes. However, ethical, legislative and cybersecurity concerns have been stated. Collating the learning and the subsequent insights from reports on patient-centered data systems will further their development in healthcare.ObjectivesA scoping review to identify and collate the guidance, recommendations and examples of good practice of patient-centered data systems from scientific and grey literature.Eligibility criteriaContemporary sources of information (published academic and grey literature) will be included where they make explicit reference to the design, oversight, operation or experience of a national and/or international data system or registry. Similarly, these sources must refer to the patient-centered focus of the national and/or international data system or registry. Where there is no explicit statement that patients were centered in the data system in question, sources are excluded. and/or are involved in the design and/or oversight and/or operation of system. Other reviews and sources not published in English are also excluded.Sources of evidenceA test set of research articles were selected to develop initial search terms, which was then refined into a concept grid. Specific searches will be performed in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL and Google Scholar, as well as within grey literature. All sources will be collated and stored, prior to an initial screen of title and abstract.Charting MethodsFull text versions of all remaining sources of literature will be screened, with data extraction occurring according to a predefined data extraction framework. Reasons for inclusion and exclusion at each step will be documented, as will any methodological modifications and/or revisions. Data extracted from selected sources will be characterised and summarised in tabular form, with supplementary diagrammatic presentation. Details of the guidance, recommendations and examples of patient-centered data systems will be outlined, alongside a narrative summary description.
Innovative Framework for Ransomware Detection Using Temporal Threat Signatures and Multimodal Graph Networks
Authors: Sigachyov Cyril , Greystone Florian , Westermarck Lorenzo , Brightwood Nathaniel
Published: January 2025

Modern cybersecurity demands innovative solutions to combat increasingly sophisticated threats that leverage both temporal and structural complexities. A novel framework combining Temporal Threat Signatures and Multimodal Graph Networks was developed to detect malicious activities with high accuracy and scalability. By analyzing chronological progressions and intricate relationships among data entities, the approach enabled precise identification of both known and emerging attack patterns. The architecture employed a modular design, integrating real-time processing capabilities to ensure timely responses while maintaining computational efficiency. Quantitative evaluations demonstrated the framework’s robustness, achieving exceptional accuracy rates across diverse ransomware variants, along with low false positive rates. Energy consumption analysis highlighted its viability for deployment in resource-constrained settings without sacrificing performance. Comparative analyses against state-of-the-art techniques revealed significant advantages in detection precision, scalability, and adaptability. Advanced mathematical models for temporal analysis and graph-based learning ensured resilience against obfuscation and polymorphic behaviors. The findings emphasize the potential of this framework to strengthen proactive defenses and reduce the operational impact of malicious campaigns. Comprehensive evaluation across multiple metrics demonstrates its reliability and applicability in diverse environments.
Interventions aiming to change multiple healthcare professional behaviors: A systematic review
Authors: Silva Carolina C. , Marques Marta M , van Allen Zack , Carvalho Márcia , Dinsmore John , Presseau Justin
Published: January 2025

Background: Healthcare professional’s (HCPs) provision of care is characterized by having to engage in an array of multiple different clinical actions. Implementation interventions sometimes single-out a given clinical action for intervention. However, changing practice to keep up with evidence-informed care can also involve supporting HCPs in changing more than one clinical behavior at a time. We aimed to identify and synthesize the characteristics of multiple behavior change interventions in HCPs.Methods: Five electronic databases were searched up to November 2023. We included randomized trials of interventions aiming to change more than one clinical behavior, where at least one of the clinical behaviors focused on the provision of behavior change advice. Two reviewers independently screened studies and extracted data. Quality was assessed using Cochrane’s Risk of Bias 2 tool and content of interventions was coded using Behavior Change Ontologies. Evidence was narratively synthesized.Results: Seventeen studies were included; all studies aimed to change multiple HCPs behaviors simultaneously, and most targeted physicians. Clinical behaviors identified in the included studies varied widely and had different levels of specificity. Based on their purpose, behaviors were categorized into seven upper-level categories: ‘provision of behavior change advice’, ‘screening/assessment/measurement’, ‘prescription of medication’, ‘referrals’, ‘treatment’, ‘diagnosis’ and ‘past medical history taking’. Interventions targeting multiple clinical behaviors were mostly brief in duration (median = 5 days) and delivered through a combination of face to face and at-a-distance modes of delivery (41%) and in a group setting (47%). Only 3 trials reported using theory to inform intervention development (18%). Each intervention used at least one behavior change technique (BCT; 22 BCTs across all studies). The most frequent BCTs included ‘set behavior goal’ (90%), ‘add objects to the environment’ and ‘present information from credible influence’ (63% each). Conclusions: Current trials of interventions aiming to change more than one HCP behavior are highly heterogeneous in the clinical behaviors targeted for change and approaches to their measurement. Greater recognition of the multiple behavior nature of such interventions, and on reporting their content accordingly, may serve to accelerate progress in understanding whether and how best to intervene on more than one clinical behavior at a time.
From Individual Anxiety to Collective Narcissism? Adult Attachment Styles and Different Types of National Commitment
Authors: Marchlewska Marta , Górska Paulina , Green Ricky , Szczepańska Dagmara , Rogoza Marta , Molenda Zuzanna , Michalski Piotr
Published: January 2025

National narcissism and national identification, two distinct types of national commitment, differ in terms of their psychological concomitants. Therefore, in the current paper, we hypothesized that they would also relate to different adult attachment styles. Namely, we proposed that national narcissism would be positively associated with higher attachment anxiety, while national identification would be associated with lower attachment anxiety and avoidance. These hypotheses were tested in three cross-sectional surveys (Study 1, N = 570; Study 3, N = 558; Study 4, N = 649) and one longitudinal survey (Study 2, N = 808). In all studies, we found a consistent positive relationship between attachment anxiety and national narcissism, and a negative relationship between attachment avoidance and national identification. Finally, we also demonstrated indirect effects of attachment anxiety (via national narcissism) on maladaptive group-related outcomes: conspiracy beliefs, nonnormative collective action, and willingness to conspire.
UMUD: A Web Application for Easy Access to Musculoskeletal Ultrasonography Datasets
Authors: Ritsche Paul , Sarto Fabio , Santini Francesco , Leitner Christoph , Franchi Martino , Faude Oliver , Finni Taija , Seynnes Olivier , Cronin Neil
Published: January 2025

Ultrasonography is widely used to assess skeletal muscle and tendon properties, such as architecture, cross-sectional area, and tissue stiffness. Despite its growing application in different scenarios, the lack of accessible and standardized public datasets limits large-scale studies and the development of image analysis algorithms. To address this, we developed the Universal Musculoskeletal Ultrasonography Database (UMUD), a platform designed to facilitate access to these datasets and foster standardization in musculoskeletal ultrasonography imaging research. UMUD is an online repository that aggregates and indexes metadata from publicly available musculoskeletal ultrasonography datasets hosted on platforms like the Open Science Framework and Zenodo. By offering detailed metadata descriptors—such as muscle group, ultrasound device, participant demographics, and publication details—UMUD streamlines dataset discovery and exploration through search and visualization tools. So far, UMUD includes 11 Datasets, including 75.569 images (and/or 2.573 videos) derived from 1.769 participants. The platform also includes benchmark datasets for training and validating image analysis algorithms. These comprise multi-expert analyses of muscle architecture and panoramic cross-sectional area images, a dataset containing overlays of muscle geometry for teaching muscle architecture analysis, and labeled datasets for training deep learning models. Additionally, UMUD lists state-of-the-art automated analysis algorithms as a guide of usage for users. In conclusion, UMUD addresses relevant challenges in musculoskeletal ultrasonography by providing a centralized, standardized repository of datasets and tools. Thus, it promotes transparency and innovation in the field, supporting reproducible research and advancements in automated image analysis. Future developments include adding more datasets, refining user functionalities, and introducing community-driven challenges to enhance its impact.
Understanding wheelchair pedestrians’ road crossing behaviour and traffic safety needs in the Netherlands
Authors: Kwakernaak Noortje , Boess Stella , Mastrigt Suzanne Hiemstra-van , Feng Yan
Published: January 2025

This study inquired into the experiences and behaviours of wheelchair users as pedestrians attraffic crossings. Pedestrians have been described as ‘the most vulnerable’ and ‘the leastphysically protected’ road users, respectively (AlKheder et al., 2022; Papadimitriou et al.,2013). People with disabilities encounter more and different problems in transportation thantheir socioeconomic peers (Flynn et al., 2023). Our literature review revealed 4 themesinfluencing pedestrians’ safety perception: (1) Own behaviour (e.g., walking frequency andattitude), (2) Other road users (e.g., number and behaviour), (3) Infrastructure (e.g., sidewalkquality, crossings, traffic) and (4) Temporary conditions (e.g., time of day, weather,obstructions). Little research has focused on wheelchair users’ safety perception while movingindependently in traffic situations. This study investigated wheelchair users’ road crossingbehaviour and traffic safety needs at a road crossing in an urban area in the Netherlands. Weposed the following research questions: 1. How does a wheelchair user behave when crossinga road in a Dutch urban area?, 2. What influences the (perception of) safety of wheelchair usersas pedestrians?, 3. What does a wheelchair user need to safely cross roads and participate intraffic? And 4. What affects wheelchair users' travel choices and behaviour?
Sovereignty For Your Body: Acceptability of Sexual Victimization Risk Reduction Interventions among Indigenous College Students
Authors: Anderson RaeAnn Elizabeth , Cole Ashley , Unger Leslie , Armstrong Cassidy , Arteaga Kat , Hanna Ashly , Pomani Savannah , Morin Erin , Cole Reagan
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveThe goal of this study is to understand what type of sexual violence risk reductionintervention programs and elements are acceptable to Indigenous college students viaquantitative survey research methods.Method401 Indigenous college students (77.1% women, 19.7% men, 3.0% trans or Two Spirit)from across North America were recruited. Students read standardized descriptions offour different sexual victimization risk reduction interventions (SVRRIs) that ranged incharacteristics and ranked the interventions. All students provided acceptability ratingsfor Flip the Script with Enhanced Assess, Acknowledge, Act (EAAA) and a program oftheir choice. Participants also rated the importance of specific intervention elements,including cultural content.ResultsMost participants had a history of sexual victimization; 80.8% had been sexuallyvictimized at some point in their life. The combined sexual violence and substance usereduction intervention (Sexual Assault Risk and Alcohol Use Reduction Program[SAARR]) was most frequently ranked as the first choice by 36.2% of the sample, p <0.1. Considering acceptability ratings, all four SVRRIs were considered acceptable bymost of the sample, with Flip the Script with EAAA rated highest of acceptability at95.3% and Bringing in the Bystander having the lowest rate of acceptability at 71.4%.Cultural content was rated as a moderately important intervention element.ConclusionsIndigenous college students are open to many different forms of sexual violence riskreduction interventions. Our findings suggest that simple cultural adaptations would bewelcomed and scientifically supported to increase access and acceptability to violenceinterventions for Indigenous college students.
Clinical utility of loneliness as a symptom of major depression in youth
Authors: Amaral João Villanova do , Jobim Gabriele dos Santos , Pacheco João Pedro Gonçalves , Ito Lucas Toshio , Ormond Rafaella , Santoro Marcos , Belangero Síntia Iole , Gadelha Ary , Miguel Eurípedes C. , Bressan Rodrigo Affonseca , Pan Pedro , Rohde Luis Augusto , Salum Giovanni , Scopel Hoffmann Mauricio
Published: January 2025

Background: This study aims to examine the utility of adding loneliness as a symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD).Methods: We used data from the 2018-2019 wave of the Brazilian High-Risk Cohort Study, involving 1,905 participants aged 14-23. We evaluated the centrality of loneliness within the depressive symptom network. Finally, we used adjusted multiple regression (sociodemographic factors and social isolation) to examine the association of 1) loneliness alongside classical symptoms of MDD and 2) clinical groups (including or excluding loneliness), with a composite of life-threatening events (suicide attempt, self-harm, psychiatric admission, or emergency room visits), poor life-chance events (criminal convictions, substance use, and school dropout), and well-being.Results: Loneliness was part of the depressive construct and the most central symptom in the network structure of depressive symptoms. It was independently associated with life-threatening events (OR: 1.754; 95% CI: 1.187, 2.590), life chance impoverishment events (OR: 1.446; 95% CI: 1.065, 1.963), and well-being (B: -2.681; 95% CI: -3.792, -1.569). Lastly, the group with MDD that included loneliness as a symptom had a higher risk for life-threatening events (OR: 3.168; 95% CI: 2.039, 4.976) and had lower scores on well-being (B: -3.474; 95% CI: -5.085, -1.862), compared to those with MDD without loneliness. Conclusion: Loneliness is a constitutive symptom of depression that serves as an indicator of severity in MDD. The operationalization of loneliness as a clinical criterion of MDD is expected to improve clinical care of young people with depression.
“I know what’s best for my child”: Qualitative analysis of U.S. cisgender-heterosexual and LGBTQ+ parents’ perspectives on inclusive education policies
Authors: Oswald Flora , Pereira-Jorge Izilda , Garr-Schultz Alexandra , Chaney Kimberly E
Published: January 2025

Diversity education in the K-12 years is a contentious issue in the contemporary U.S. context. Given evidence that parental identity influences beliefs about and support for diversity education, we qualitatively explored cisgender-heterosexual and LGBTQ+ parents’ (N = 609) beliefs about the appropriateness of inclusive educational policies in K-12 classrooms. We collected qualitative data on parental perceptions of inclusive signals in classrooms (e.g., displaying a rainbow flag) and on perceptions of inclusive curriculum (whether children should learn about diversity at school/from teachers or at home/from parents). Parents’ responses reflected variability in support for inclusive signals. Cisgender-heterosexual parents were more likely to endorse that cues should not be allowed and were less likely to indicate holistic support of cues compared to LGBTQ+ parents. For inclusive curriculum, cisgender-heterosexual parents were more likely than LGBTQ+ parents to endorse that diversity information should be discussed only at home with parents. We contextualize parents’ responses within contemporary political rhetoric (e.g., discussions of Parents’ Bills of Rights) and highlight implications for educators and policymakers.
A Multivariate Analysis Reveals Benefits of Specific ADHD Characteristics in Trial-and-Error Learning
Authors: Muszynska Marianna , Ossmy Ori
Published: January 2025

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) impacts academic and occupational performance through symptoms of impulsiveness, hyperactivity, and inattention. While deficits in cognitive functions such as executive function (EF) are well-documented in ADHD, the link between ADHD characteristics and the ability to solve problems via trial and error is more cloudy. We tested 70 adult participants, with ADHD and without, in trial-and-error reasoning problems called ‘Virtual Tools’. Performance metrics included success rates, number of attempts, completion time, and strategy measures. Multivariate analysis revealed distinct patterns of ADHD characteristics that are beneficial for trial and error. Individuals with higher inattention performed better, those with balanced ADHD profiles performed similarly to non-ADHD controls. Profiles with high inattention switched trial-and-error strategies more often, supporting their performance. Findings imply that elevated levels of inattention may enable individuals to avoid becoming trapped in cognitive attractors, where they persist in using a single strategy with only marginal adjustments.
Mapping the Political Personality (PoliPers): An Integrative Framework for Assessing Ideal and Actual Personality Profiles in Politicians
Authors: Lechner Clemens M. , Aichholzer Julian , Birkenmaier Lukas , Bluemke Matthias
Published: January 2025

In an age of increasingly personalized campaigns, politicians’ personality traits are thought to play a key role for political communication, candidates’ electoral success, or incumbents’ approval rates. Yet, extant research on politicians’ personality is either based on general frameworks of personality (e.g., the Big Five) that lack nuance for assessing personality traits relevant to the political domain; or on selective ad-hoc measures that lack comprehensiveness and rigorous psychometric validation. We therefore set out to develop a theoretically sound, comprehensive, faceted, and psychometrically rigorous inventory suitable for a broad variety of use cases in research on politicians’ personality such as voters’ preferences for “ideal” traits, voters’ perceptions of politicians’ actual traits, and voters’ perceived self-other similarity in relation to politicians. Our framework comprises 15 personality facets germane to the political domain. Using a bottom-up approach, we locate these facets in the nomological network of established personality models (Study 1). We then present an inventory that we validated based on citizens’ self-reports about their own personality (Study 2). We next investigate the utility of these scales for measuring citizens’ preferences for “ideal” personality traits in politicians (Study 3) as well as voters’ perceptions of political leaders’ actual personalities (Study 4). We conclude by discussing possible use cases of our inventory and highlighting avenues for further extensions as well as refinement.
A Global Index to Quantify Discrimination Resulting from COVID-19 Pandemic Response Policies
Authors: Rinner Claus , Uda Mariko , Manwell Laurie
Published: January 2025

Immediately following the emergency use authorizations of COVID-19 vaccines, governments around the world made these products available to their populations and later started implementing differential rules for vaccinated and unvaccinated citizens regarding mobility and access to venues and services. The Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT) is a time series database that reflects the extent of public health measures in each country. On the basis of the OxCGRT Containment and Health Index, we calculated a corresponding discrimination index by subtracting the daily index values for vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. The resulting metric provides a cursory quantification of the discrimination experienced by unvaccinated individuals throughout 2021 and 2022. Patterns in the index data show a high degree of discrimination with great numeric and temporal differences between jurisdictions. Around 90% of countries in Europe and North and South America discriminated against their unvaccinated citizens at some point during the pandemic. The least amount of discrimination was found for countries in Central America and Africa. In order to move towards sustainable post-pandemic recovery and prevent discriminatory public health policies in the future, we recommend that human rights protections be expanded and the prohibition of discrimination be extended beyond a limited list of grounds.
Exploring the electronic and magnetic properties of half-heusler alloy CoMnSb: implications for spintronics
Authors: Limbu Binay , Dahal Prem Sagar
Published: January 2025

Heusler alloys have caught a lot of attention because they can be really useful in modern technology. In this study, we investigated the electronic and magnetic properties of CoMnSb by employing advanced computational methods rooted in Density functional theory and plane-wave pseudo potential approach. Our investigation uncovers that CoMnSb is a half-metallic ferromagnet with a half-metallic gap of 0 eV at the equilibrium lattice constant. The total spin magnetic moments have been computed 3µB per unit cell which is in good agreement with the slater pauling rule Mt = Zt − 18 for Half Heusler alloy. The hybridization of the eg and t2g orbitals of the Co, Mn,and P-orbitals of the Sb are primarily responsible for the band gap. This indicates that these alloys hold great potential as functional materials for spintronics.
Machine learning for predicting earthquake magnitudes in the Central Himalaya
Authors: Tiwari Ram Krishna , Poudel Rudra Prasad , Paudyal Harihar
Published: January 2025

Human intervention cannot halt natural disasters like earthquakes, but machine learning application expertise can be utilized to detect patterns in data and increase understanding and predictive power. Recent development of machine learning models has increasingly developed interest in forecasting and predicting the magnitude of earthquakes. In this work, Random Forest Regressor (RFR), Multi-Layer Perceptron Regressor(MLPR), and Support Vector Regression (SVR) models were employed to predict the magnitude of greater than 6 mb earthquakes that occurred in the year 2015 in the central Himalaya. We noticed RFR method had been able to predict the magnitude of the Gorkha earthquake (6.9mb), and the Kodariearthquake (6.7 mb) in comparison with the other two models. We also checked the performance of these models by three parameters Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and noticed the better performance of RFR model. The findings illustrate that RFR is achieving better performance than the other two algorithms, as the predicted magnitudes are close to the actual magnitudes.
RETHINKING â€˜ISLAMIC HERITAGEâ€™: TWO CASE STUDIES TO PONDER
Authors: Abdul Rahim Asiah
Published: January 2025

Architecture played an instrumental role in spreading ideas of different civilizations around the world. Hence, through documenting heritage we could document the facets of different cultural Diaspora through time and spaces. The objective of the heritage study program at the department of Architecture of IIUM is to capture the facets of Islamic Diaspora around the world. As the very concept of Islamic architecture is problematic in todayâ€™s architectural discourse, whether the buildings that the students are documenting during their visit are true representative of Islamic architecture is an issue to be discussed. During the Heritage Study trip 2011, the students of architecture of IIUM have recorded two interesting buildings, Haghighi house in Esfahan, Iran and the Diwan-i-Aam of Lalbagh fort, Dhaka, Bangladesh that are apparently â€˜secularâ€™ in terms of their function. Whether they could be able to elucidate the variegated expressions of Islamic architecture at two seemingly opposite geoï¿¾temporal locations is the central research question of this article. By using these two examples, this paper critically reexamines the stereotypical but popular conceptions of  â€˜Islamic Architectural Styleâ€™ that obscured the historical processes of hybridization and its diverse morphological outcomes, and comprehend the process of resilience and assimilation through which architecture is shaped in a particular context.
THE CHANGING ROLE OF THE STATE AND MARKET IN LOW COST HOUSING PROVISION IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Shuid Syafiee
Published: January 2025

Since 1990s the global trend in housing provision shows a shift towards greater market role including for low income housing. Increasingly the state relied on market to provide low income housing and confined its role as enabler and facilitator to support the market. Housing provision refers to process of housing production and consumption or allocation by the consumers. Thus, the analysis in this paper focused on the role of the state and market in low cost housing production and allocation process. The findings showed the state gradually began to retreat from direct low cost housing provision and relied on market since 1990s. Despite economic crisis in 1997-1998 the market still played significance role in low cost housing production. Instead the state focused on solving housing problem among the squatters and revived the economy through public housing programmes. However in terms of low cost housing allocation, the state still retained control since 1950s. This explained the unique features of low cost housing provision system in Malaysia.
Advancements in AI Heart Model Technology: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Dudhat Kiran
Published: January 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) heart models represent a revolutionary approach in cardiovascular medicine, integrating computational models with machine learning to simulate and analyze heart functions, diagnose conditions, and predict patient outcomes. This manuscript provides a comprehensive review of the advancements in AI heart model technology, encompassing data acquisition, model development, and clinical applications. The paper explores various AI algorithms, from traditional machine learning to deep learning, and discusses their roles in enhancing diagnostic accuracy, personalizing treatments, and advancing research. Key challenges and future directions, including ethical considerations and the integration of AI models into clinical practice, are also examined.
Soliton Pacemaker
Authors: Adamski Adam
Published: January 2025

A human is not only a purely biological construct but also contains a substrate of biochemical, bioelectronic, computer and cybernetic processes, which are responsible for shaping the psychobiological processes of a human.