bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intergenerational Transmission of Cultural Values in Bicultural Families
Authors: Namjoo Farhad , Herawati Netty , Bhat Rizwan Hassan
Published: June 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to explore the intergenerational transmission of cultural values within bicultural families, focusing on how these families preserve their cultural heritage, adapt to their host society, and navigate the associated challenges. Methods: This qualitative research employed semi-structured interviews with 21 participants from diverse bicultural backgrounds. Participants were selected using purposive sampling to ensure a variety of cultural perspectives. Data collection continued until theoretical saturation was reached. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using NVivo software, following a thematic approach to identify patterns and themes related to cultural value transmission. Results: The analysis revealed three main themes: preservation of cultural practices, adaptation and integration, and challenges and negotiations. Cultural preservation was achieved through traditional ceremonies, language use, cuisine, arts and crafts, and dress. Adaptation involved blending cultures, educational influences, social interactions, and media use. Challenges included generational conflicts, identity issues, discrimination, acculturation stress, balancing preservation with change, and economic factors. These findings align with existing literature on biculturalism and cultural transmission. Conclusion: The study highlights the complex dynamics of cultural value transmission in bicultural families, emphasizing the importance of supportive societal structures and policies. The findings suggest that family therapists, educators, and policymakers should consider these dynamics to effectively support bicultural families in maintaining their cultural heritage while adapting to their host society. Future research should expand on these findings by exploring additional variables and employing longitudinal designs.
Understanding Family Functioning: The Influence of Cultural Marginalization and Social Competence
Authors: Jafari Zeynolabedin , Jafari MohammadBagher
Published: June 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between family functioning, cultural marginalization, and social competence. Specifically, it aimed to understand how cultural marginalization and social competence individually and collectively predict family functioning. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 350 participants selected based on the Morgan and Krejcie sample size table. Data were collected using the Family Assessment Device (FAD) for family functioning, the Cultural Marginalization Scale (CMS) for cultural marginalization, and the Social Skills Inventory (SSI) for social competence. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and linear regression analysis were conducted using SPSS version 27 to analyze the data. Results: The mean score for family functioning was 2.75 (SD = 0.68), cultural marginalization was 3.45 (SD = 0.72), and social competence was 4.12 (SD = 0.55). Significant correlations were found between family functioning and cultural marginalization (r = -0.52, p < 0.001) as well as social competence (r = 0.46, p < 0.001). Regression analysis revealed that cultural marginalization (β = -0.42, p < 0.001) and social competence (β = 0.28, p < 0.001) significantly predicted family functioning, accounting for 22% of the variance (R² = 0.22, F(2, 347) = 45.67, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The study concluded that cultural marginalization and social competence are significant predictors of family functioning. Cultural marginalization negatively impacts family dynamics, while social competence positively influences them. These findings highlight the need for culturally sensitive interventions to support marginalized families and enhance their social skills to improve overall family functioning.
Predictors of Parenting Stress: The Roles of Family Bonding and Commitment
Authors: Ying Jingjing , Lai Wang
Published: June 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the relationships between family bonding, family commitment, and parenting stress among parents of children under 18 years old. Method: This cross-sectional study included 220 parents, selected based on the sample size determination table by Morgan and Krejcie (1970). Data were collected using the Parenting Stress Index (PSI), Family Bonding Measure (FBM), and Family Commitment Scale (FCS). Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and linear regression analysis were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics version 27 to examine the relationships and predictive power of the independent variables on parenting stress. Results: Descriptive statistics showed a mean parenting stress score of 65.35 (SD = 12.47), a mean family bonding score of 78.52 (SD = 10.34), and a mean family commitment score of 81.29 (SD = 9.76). Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant negative correlations between parenting stress and family bonding (r = -0.48, p < 0.001) and between parenting stress and family commitment (r = -0.52, p < 0.001). The regression analysis indicated that family bonding (β = -0.32, p < 0.001) and family commitment (β = -0.40, p < 0.001) significantly predicted parenting stress, accounting for 45% of the variance (R² = 0.45, F(2, 217) = 89.45, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The study findings highlight the significant roles of family bonding and family commitment in reducing parenting stress. Strengthening family bonds and enhancing family commitment can alleviate the stress experienced by parents, leading to better well-being for both parents and children. Interventions aimed at fostering strong family relationships are essential for promoting family resilience and reducing parenting stress.
Narratives of Parenthood: Experiences of Adoptive Parents
Authors: William Erwin A. , Russell William , Wilson Abbie
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study aims to explore and understand the experiences of adoptive parents, focusing on their motivations, challenges, integration processes, and long-term impacts on family dynamics. Methods: This qualitative research employed a phenomenological approach, using semi-structured interviews to gather in-depth data from 24 adoptive parents. Participants were selected through purposive sampling, ensuring diverse representation in terms of age, gender, socioeconomic status, and ethnic background. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using NVivo software, following Braun and Clarke's six-phase framework for thematic analysis. Data collection continued until theoretical saturation was achieved, ensuring a comprehensive exploration of the research questions. Findings: The study identified four main themes: motivations for adoption, challenges during adoption, integration into the family, and long-term impact of adoption. Motivations included personal fulfillment, altruistic reasons, family balance, infertility issues, and social influences. Challenges encompassed bureaucratic hurdles, financial strain, emotional stress, social judgment, integration issues, and communication barriers. Successful integration involved efforts to foster parent-child bonding, manage sibling relationships, support cultural assimilation, address behavioral adjustments, provide educational support, consider health needs, and gain extended family acceptance. The long-term impact of adoption on family dynamics, identity formation, legal and social status, psychological well-being, community involvement, and future planning was significant. Conclusion: Adoptive parenthood is a complex and transformative journey, marked by diverse motivations, significant challenges, and profound long-term impacts. The findings highlight the need for comprehensive support systems, inclusive policies, and continued research to address the evolving needs of adoptive families.
Changing Perceptions of Marriage and Family Life Among Millennials
Authors: Karna Wioleta , Stefaniuk Ireneusz , Saadati Nadereh
Published: June 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to explore the changing perceptions of marriage and family life among millennials. It aims to understand the factors influencing these shifts and to provide insights into the implications for future societal trends. Methods: This qualitative study employs semi-structured interviews to gather in-depth insights from a diverse group of 23 millennials, aged 25 to 40 years. Participants were selected through purposive sampling to ensure varied socioeconomic backgrounds, education levels, and relationship statuses. Data were analyzed using NVivo software through thematic analysis, with theoretical saturation guiding the data collection process. Ethical considerations included informed consent and anonymity of participants. Results: The study reveals that millennials have a pragmatic approach to marriage, viewing it as optional and prioritizing personal growth and financial stability. They favor egalitarian partnerships and accept diverse family structures, including cohabitation and single parenting. Influences from family, media, and cultural norms shape their attitudes, while economic considerations and work-life balance are significant concerns. The findings highlight a blend of traditional values and modern attitudes, reflecting broader societal changes. Conclusion: Millennials' perceptions of marriage and family life are shaped by a confluence of factors, including evolving societal norms, economic conditions, and cultural influences. These shifts suggest a move towards individualism, equality, and flexibility in relationships and family structures. Understanding these trends is crucial for policymakers, educators, and social scientists to support millennials in achieving their personal and familial aspirations.
The Impact of Emotional Intelligence and Resilience on Family Cohesion: Insights from Married Individuals
Authors: Yousefi Zahra , Saadati Nadereh , Golparvar Mohsen
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study aimed to explore the predictive influence of emotional intelligence and resilience on family cohesion among married individuals. By examining these relationships, the research sought to identify potential psychological traits that could be targeted to enhance family dynamics and cohesion. Methods and Materials: Employing a cross-sectional design, the study sampled 250 married participants recruited from counseling centers and social network groups. Emotional intelligence and resilience were assessed using standardized and validated scales, with family cohesion measured through a comprehensive family cohesion assessment tool. Linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the predictive relationship between emotional intelligence, resilience, and family cohesion, with preliminary tests ensuring adherence to statistical assumptions. Findings: The results demonstrated that both emotional intelligence and resilience significantly predict family cohesion, accounting for a substantial proportion of the variance in cohesion scores among the participants. Specifically, emotional intelligence and resilience emerged as strong predictors, highlighting their crucial role in fostering positive family relationships. Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of emotional intelligence and resilience as key factors in promoting family cohesion. These findings suggest that interventions aimed at enhancing these psychological traits could be beneficial in improving the quality of family dynamics. Future research should further investigate these relationships longitudinally and across diverse populations to validate and extend these findings.
FULANI MBORORO OCCUPATION IN THE UELE BASIN: IMPACTS AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Memeyo Olivier Sekile
Published: June 2024

Il est sans doute vrai que ce sujet a fait bouger les lignes et a fait couler beaucoup d’encre, mais ce qui est évident c’est que chacun l’aborde de sa façon et cela, sous un angle approprié. Mais moi, je suis très préoccupé par les impacts et des perspectives y afférents. Cet article intitulé : « Occupation Mbororo dans le bassin de l'Uélé : Impacts et perspectives » appelle à la conscience de tous les citoyens congolais, il vise à alerter de manière anticipative les autorités politico-administratives de la République Démocratique du Congo et celles de la Province du Bas- et du Haut-Uélé en particulier afin qu'elles puissent garder un œil sur cette occupation irrégulière, d'origine inconnue et quelque peu masquée sous le vocable de « réfugiés climatiques » ; ensuite, cet article essaie de lister quelques impacts surtout négatifs de cette occupation et, il  fait réfléchir aux mesures nécessaires pouvant prévenir les conséquences qui pourraient en survenir dans les prochains jours et suggère quelques voies de sortie.
Percepciones de estudiantes en secundaria hacia las tareas evaluativas en la asignatura de inglés
Authors:   Universidad Arturo Prat, Quintana-Lara Marcela , Ramos-Leiva Lucía ,   Universidad Católica del Norte, Díaz-Larenas Claudio ,   Universidad Católica de Temuco, Riquelme-Sanderson Michel , Tagle-Ochoa Tania
Published: June 2024

La percepción hacia las tareas evaluativas en la clase de inglés puede impactar el desempeño académico de los estudiantes. El presente estudio de tipo cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental y de corte transversal realizado en Chile, tuvo como objetivo conocer las percepciones de un grupo de estudiantes del último año de secundaria sobre las tareas evaluativas en la asignatura de inglés en relación con la variable de género. Los datos fueron recolectados a través del Inventario de Percepciones hacia las Tareas Evaluativas (Dorman y Knightley, 2006) traducido al español y adaptado a la asignatura de inglés. Los resultados revelaron que los estudiantes, independientemente del género, poseen percepciones positivas hacia las tareas evaluativas en la asignatura de inglés en todas las subescalas del instrumento. Los resultados sugieren continuar explorando este tema considerando otras variables. Finalmente, se presentan probables implicaciones en otros estudios y profesores.
Pandemic, Problems, and Possibilities: A Qualitative Study of EFL Teachers’ Perspectives in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs)
Authors:   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4346-058X, Shafique Sabah , Hameed Ansa ,   https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3477-156X
Published: June 2024

Pandemics are always unexpected scenarios where the education system has to scuffle and survive. Most recently, the Coronavirus plague caused dramatic changes in t educational settings, most prominently shifting from face-to-face to virtual systems of learning and teaching. A positive side of this online teaching and learning process is that the education system did not cease even in the most critical situations. However, the problem lay with the students and teachers who were not sufficiently qualified or trained for the technology used in virtual learning management systems (LMS). Occasionally, the educational institutes provided them with training workshops that were not sufficient. In this regard, the present study intended to probe into the experiences of EFL teachers in Pakistani universities to identify the problems they faced during e-teaching in the pandemic. In addition, it aims to identify ‘solutions’ for these problems as applied or suggested by the relevant teachers. For the said purpose, semi-structured interviews of 12 English Language teachers in three public and private sector universities have been taken. The responses are analyzed using inductive thematic analysis for qualitative data to develop codes and categories (using NVivo12). The findings indicate that EFL teachers faced an array of problems; however, they also found significant solutions and benefits during this online shift. The study reveals that besides all issues, teachers found online teaching quite beneficial in many ways. Therefore, the analysis suggests policymakers and stakeholders promote blended learning (a combination of the traditional and online systems) as a futuristic approach to cope with persisting and forthcoming situations.
How are Experienced EFL Teachers’ Beliefs Shaped by their Own Experiences Learning English at School?
Authors:   Universidad Andres Bello, Alvear Estefania , Rosas-Maldonado Maritza , Martin Annjeanette ,   Universidad de los Andes
Published: June 2024

Research on pre-service and novice teachers shows that their school learning experiences play a role in developing their pedagogical beliefs. However, whether these experiences continue to influence teachers’ beliefs as they become more experienced requires further investigation. This study aimed to examine how the school language learning experiences of four Ecuadorian EFL teachers may still guide their pedagogical beliefs after years of teaching experience and professional development. This qualitative multiple case study collected teachers’ school stories via narrative frames and semi-structured interviews. Findings suggested that the participants’ positive learning experiences still impact their pedagogical beliefs. Furthermore, their teaching experiences and professional development opportunities were found to play a significant role in reshaping participants’ beliefs that were initially framed by their negative learning experiences. Implications for in-service teachers and pre-service language teacher education highlight the value of reflection as a life-long practice.
English Teachers’ Approaches to E-teaching during the Second Term of Emergency Remote Teaching
Authors:   Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Juárez-Díaz Catalina , Sandoval-Cruz Rosa Isela , Perales-Escudero Moisés Damián ,   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Quintana Roo
Published: June 2024

Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) has disrupted teaching situations around the world. In Mexico, the first term taught with ERT was characterized by an abrupt transition that caught many institutions and teachers unprepared. The second term of ERT was a more planned process where training was provided to teachers; nevertheless, little is known about how English teachers approached online teaching in response to a shifting, complex teaching situation. This phenomenographic study aimed at characterizing the approaches to e-teaching of a group of sixteen Mexican ELT and English as a Foreign Language (EFL) faculty members in connection with their perceptions of the teaching situation. Interviews, discovery-based coding, and theme analysis were used. The findings show that many teachers adhered to less sophisticated approaches, in part due to negative perceptions of the teaching situation. A minority held complex, collaboration-focused approaches to e-teaching. However, some teachers with negative views implemented sophisticated approaches, while some who held complex views could not implement them due to constraints in the teaching situation and their personal lives. The digital gap and student dishonesty and disengagement were among the negative elements of the teaching situation that had an impact on teachers’ approaches. These findings suggest that teachers need more training in collaborative, knowledge-building approaches and governments need to do more to address the digital gap.
Painting the ELT Research Landscape during the Pandemic: A Bibliometric Study
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Malang, Gozali Imelda , Basthomi Yazid ,   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya, Surabaya, Syahid Abdul ,   https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7284-4665
Published: June 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic considerably altered the English Language Teaching (ELT) milieu . Hence, this bibliometric study was conducted to sketch a broad description of the ELT research during the outbreak and reveal the conceptual, intellectual, and social structure of the field. The Scopus database was consulted to find journal articles published in English on ELT between 2020 and 2021. A total of 2,273 documents were analyzed by running Bibliometrix R-Tool. The findings on research productivity and impact under general description indicated the growing prominence of Asian countries in ELT research. The conceptual and intellectual structure analyses suggest that topics on technology and psycholinguistics have gained increasing interest. However, the social structure analysis result called for more collaboration among institutions in the ELT field. The result of this study may serve as a valuable guide for novice ELT writers on contemporary topics, prominent ELT scholars, and leading journals for reference and publication venue. For future research, ELT researchers interested in bibliometrics can carry out similar research using different databases or perform this same study after two years to paint the post-pandemic ELT research landscape.
The Implementation of Augmented Reality for Language Teaching and Learning: A Research Synthesis
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Zain Dodi
Published: June 2024

As technology dynamically progresses with new inventions, Augmented Reality (AR) technology emerges as one of the prominent inventions of the current technology development. This technology works by producing additional data including texts, animations, images, audio, and even haptic feedback embedded in the real world without manipulating the existing real environment. This study attempts to highlight the potential of AR technology as an educational tool, specifically for language teaching and learning. Using particular criteria of inclusion and exclusion, this study collected and reviewed a total of 22 articles from 21 journals and one proceeding. The findings revealed the research purposes, methods and instruments, language focus, participants, and the types of AR Applications. Subsequently, regarding the affordances of this technology, this study revealed that AR technology could contribute to the development of language performance and learning achievement, increase learning satisfaction, and reduce learning anxiety. This technology facilitated situated, personalized, and collaborative learning settings. Barriers to the application of this technology were identified including technical limitations, inequal technological competence, and health and social issues. Based on these findings, several implications were formulated.
The Triumph of Human-Robot Interaction: Employing Humanoid Robot to Boost Grammar Acquisition and Retention Among Iranian Young EFL Learners
Authors:   Islamic Azad University-West Tehran Branch, Alemi Minoo , Bakhtiari Fard Nayereh , Rezanejad Atefeh ,   Allameh Tabataba’i University
Published: June 2024

This paper examines the impact of employing an assistive humanoid robot in acquiring and retaining grammar among English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. To this end, forty-eight Iranian young male students (between 11 to 15 years old) were equally divided into three groups: RALL (Robot-Assisted Language Learning), GBLL (Game-based Language Learning), and the control group. While the teacher, the textbook, and teaching materials were identical in all groups, a set of similar games were played only in the RALL (with the participation of the NAO H21 robot) and GBLL groups. A 20-item grammar pre-test was taken at the beginning of the classes. Overall, a total of ten intervention sessions (each lasting for 60 minutes), 15 (each lasting for 90 minutes), and 15 (each lasting for 120 minutes) were respectively administered for the RALL, GBLL, and control groups. At the end of the treatments, the acquisition and retention of grammar were evaluated through immediate (at the end of class) and delayed post-tests (two weeks later), correspondingly. The results of descriptive statistics and ANOVA indicated that the RALL group outperformed the two groups in the immediate and delayed post-tests. The students in the RALL group had a very positive attitude toward robot presence in the class and scored higher on the post-test. This study suggests that RALL can be very beneficial in assisting teaching EFL classes. The results of the current innovative study can equally yield important implications for language education and social robotics fields and further contribute to providing clear evidence of the impacts of RALL on Iranian young learners’ English grammar acquisition.
https://www.mextesol.net/journal/public/files/0066d3202dbc566e2047db41b6e90743.pdf
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Bonilla Murillo Enrique
Published: June 2024

Las instituciones educativas enfrentan retos significativos que les impiden tener equipos de trabajo cooperativo y condiciones positivas de trabajo. Sin embargo, la gran limitante es la falta de habilidades interpersonales que facilitan que las personas interactúen apropiadamente. En algunos casos, la organización de las escuelas tiene estructuras jerárquicas en la que las autoridades educativas dan órdenes y no están preparadas para empoderar a otros a tomar decisiones o, más aún, a trabajar colectivamente. Esta situación limita la creatividad e innovación de las personas dentro y fuera de la organización. Por esta razón, los líderes buscan estrategias y tácticas para desarrollar culturas positivas de trabajo en la que las personas se sientan seguras de crecer personal y profesionalmente. En este artículo se describen seis prácticas con base en literatura científica que pudieran promover el trabajo en equipo efectivo en la Escuela de Educación (EDE). Estas prácticas son amortiguar, reflexionar, conectar, movilizar, entretejer y transformar. Los principales hallazgos indican que dichas estrategias son efectivas siempre y cuando líderes y profesores de inglés se concienticen sobre su potencial para transformar la institución.
Education during colonialism in India and Norway: A comparative study
Authors: Ranjana Sharma
Published: June 2024

This research compares and contrasts how colonialism affected the educational systems in Norway and India. It looks at how British colonial control affected education in India via a historical lens, highlighting how it helped spread colonial ideals and maintain social inequalities. On the other hand, the study explores Norway's history under Swedish and Danish control, emphasizing initiatives to maintain cultural identity through patriotic movements and education. The research clarifies the disparate paths of educational development by contrasting these environments and exposing different colonial control and resistance tactics. It examines how colonial education continues to influence modern educational practices, governmental regulations, and public attitudes in both nations. The research provides insights into the intricacies of colonial education systems and their lasting effects on post-colonial countries through the use of a comparative methodology.
التنافس الصيني الأمريكي وتداعياته على النظام العالمي
Authors: بدر صايم بدر صايم
Published: June 2024

استهدف المقال دراسة وتحليل طبيعة العلاقة الثنائية بين الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية والصين في فترة ما بعد الحرب الباردة، حيث تم الاعتماد المنهج المقارن لمقارنة الفترات التي مرت بها العلاقات بين البلدين وطريقة تدبير الأزمات والقضايا الخلافية بينهما، وعلى المنهج التحليلي للتطرق بالدراسة والتحليل للعلاقات بين البلدين المتسمة بالتعقيد والتناقض، ولرصد جوانب التنافس والتعاون بين البلدين في أبعادها السياسية والدبلوماسية والاقتصادية، وقد ارتكزت محاور المقال بصورة أكبر على القضايا الخلافية بين البلدين للوقوف على أسباب ومسببات حالة الصراع والتنافس المستمر بين البلدين. وخلص البحث إلى ان العلاقات بين البلدين يشوبها القلق والحذر من جانب الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية مخافة فقدانها لمركز الزعامة على رأس النظام العالمي، قلق يقابله طموح الصين وسعيها الى التمركز في الريادة وفرض سياسة الأمر الواقع معتمدة في ذلك على موقعها الاستراتيجي والرأس المال البشري والقوة الاقتصادية والعسكرية لتنفيذ مخططاتها التوسعية في المنطقة والحد من التواجد الأمريكي.  كما تم التطرق أيضا الى سياسة الاحتواء المتبعة من طرف الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية التي تروم تحقيق نوع من التقارب والتعاون مع الصين من خلال تعزيز المصالح المشتركة بين البلدين، فالصين هي بمثابة سوق استهلاكية ضخمة للمنتجات الأمريكية، في مقابل ذلك تستفيد الصين من الاستثمارات ونقل التكنولوجيا الأمريكية اليها. وخلص المقال في نهايته الى استشراف مستقبل العلاقات الأمريكية الصينية وإمكانية الانتقال من النظام العالمي الأحادي القطبية الى النظام الثنائي القطبية.
الدبلوماسية العراقية ومقاربات تعزيز الدور الجيوسياسي في منطقة الشرق الأوسط : السياقات، والاتجاهات، والتحديات
Authors: م. د فراس عباس هاشم م. د فراس عباس هاشم , أ.د عامر هاشم عواد أ.د عامر هاشم عواد
Published: June 2024

تتناول الدراسة سياسة العراق الخارجية محللة توجهاته في تعزيز الدور العراقي في منطقة الشرق الأوسط، في سياق تستدعي تحركاته الجيوسياسية تبني مقاربات لصناعة حدث استراتيجي في علاقاته الخارجية بالتوازي مع بناء شراكات استراتيجية، تكيفا مع طبيعة التحولات التي تشهدها البيئة الاقليمية والدولية ، وعلى اساس هذه التطورات كانت دافعاً محفزاً لاهتمامات السياسة الخارجية العراقية، باتجاه توسيع علاقاته الخارجية وترسيخ دوره الإقليمي على نحو بارز، ومن جهة أخرى تستعرض الدراسة لاهم التحديات وحدود تأثيرها  بتوجهات العراق تجاه المنطقة.  وتم تقسيم الدراسة إلى ثلاثة محاور: يقدم الأول: ملامح التحول لاتجاهات الدبلوماسية العراقية كمدخل للفاعلية الإقليمية. ويعرض الثاني الواقعية الجيوسياسية للتحركات الدبلوماسية العراقية كأداة للارتقاء الإقليمي . ويتناول الثالث: الدبلوماسية العراقية ومواجهة تفاقم منحى جيوسياسية التأثيرات الإقليمية.
أمن الطاقة الصيني، الواقع والتحديات والاستراتيجيات الطاقوية
Authors: عادل مهودر راضي عادل مهودر راضي
Published: June 2024

تُعَدُّ الطاقة شريان الحياة، والمحرك الأساسي للاقتصاد الصيني ومعدلات نموه المرتفعة، والتي تدفع تجاه إحداث تنمية مستدامة في البلد، الامر الذي يعطي الحزب الشيوعي الصيني الحاكم مزيداً من الشرعية، وعليه فإنَّ أمنَ الطاقة الصيني قضية استراتيجية حساسة جداً، دائماً ما تثير خوفاً وقلق صانع القرار الصيني، إذ يُعَدُّ أيُّ نقصٍ في امدادات الطاقة بمثابة التهديدات الكبرى للدولة، ومما لا شك فيه فإنّ دولةً مثل الصين، بهذا النمو السكاني الهائل، وحجم الطاقة المستهلكة، وكمية الواردات الطاقوية القادمة من الخارج، باختلاف مصادرها، وطرق نقلها، فضلا عن حالة الندّية والمنافسة التي تعيشها الصين مع الولايات المتحدة والدول الكبرى، كل ذلك ولَّد للصين كثيراً من العقبات والتحديات، الداخلية والإقليمية والدولية، في سعيها لتحقيق أمنها الطاقوي، ومن اجل تجاوز هذه التحديات، فإنّ الصين اتخذت جملة من الإجراءات والتدابير، ووضعت العديد من المبادرات والاستراتيجيات، المحلية والخارجية، لضمان امدادات طاقوية موفورة وموثوقة تكون بعيدةً، قدر الإمكان، عن تقلبات الأسواق والتهديدات والمخاطر.
الكلمات المفتاحية: أمن الطاقة الصيني، التحديات، الاستراتيجيات الطاقوية الصينية.
القضية الكردية في تركيا قبل وبعد حزب العدالة والتنمية
Authors: أ.د ياسين سعد محمد البكري أ.د ياسين سعد محمد البكري , حيدر صائب عبدالرزاق حيدر صائب عبدالرزاق
Published: June 2024

تعد القضية الكردية واحدة من أهم القضايا التي تعوق عملية التنمية في تركيا, فضلاً عن كونها واحدة من اقدم المشكلات التي تعيشها تركيا, التي انعكست على الدوام في عدم إمكانية إيجاد حلول جذرية لها لأنها تعمل من جهة على تفعيل دور الكرد في داخل الدولة التركية التي لا تؤمن بالتوجهات العرقية وتسعى الى أعمام النموذج االقومي وفقاً للتوجهات الكمالية ومبادئها, ومن جهة أخرى عدم إمكانية صانع القرار على اتخاذ توجهات منصفة للمكون الكردي بسبب احتمالية وقوعه في فخين, الأول يتمثل بفخ مصيدة الأقليات الذي يتركز في عدم قدرته على إعطاء حقوقهم الا بتوجهات محددة حتى لا تتخذ الأقليات الأخرى حجة الكرد ومطالبتهم بحقوقهم, لما له من دور كبير في إشاعة حالة مطالبة كل الأقليات بحقوقهم, والذي ينتج عنه الفخ الثاني الذي يتمثل باستغلال هذه التوجهات من أحزاب المعارضة السياسية ومحاولة استغلال هذا الملف في اسقاط الحزب الحاكم.
كلمات مفتاحية: تركيا, الكرد, الأحزاب الكردية, القضية الكردية, حزب العدالة والتنمية.
مفهوم التنمية، أبعادها واستراتيجياتها – المغرب أنموذجا-
Authors: نبيل متوكيل نبيل متوكيل , مولود بنطالب مولود بنطالب
Published: June 2024

يعد مصطلح التنمية من بين المصطلحات التي حظيت باهتمام واسع من مختلف الدول والحكومات سواء المتقدمة منها أو النامية، حتى أنها جعلت منه أساس كل البرامج والسياسات التي تتبناها، والتي ترمي منها الى  خلق تنمية شاملة ومندمجة أساسها وغايتها المواطن، عبر بلورة خطط واستراتيجيات تقتضي تجنيد كل الطاقات والموارد المحلية، وبلورتها في أنشطة ترقى بالعنصر البشري إلى مستوى حياة أفضل وظروف معيشية أحسن.
كلمات مفتاحية : التنمية، التماسك والرابط الاجتماعي، الجرأة والريادة، الاستدامة .
Meta-analysis of TPACK-based Discovery Learning Model on Learning Outcomes in Elementary School Students
Authors: Sanju Aprilisia
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of TPACK-based discovery learning model on the learning outcomes of elementary school students. The source of data in this study comes from an analysis of 15 national journals published in 2022-2024. The process of data retrieval through the databases of google scholar, ScienceDirect and ERIC Journal. Data selection using PRISMA method in 2020. The inclusion criteria in this study are that the research must be experimental methods or quasi-experiments; research sample of elementary school students; research should be related to TPACK-based dsicovery learning models on student learning outcomes; learning materials related to mathematics and Indonesian; journals must be indexed by Science Technology Index (SINTA) and Garuda; and a sample size of > 20 students. Data analysis in this study is quantitative analysis by calculating the value of effect size assisted by JSAP application Version 0.8.5. The results concluded that the TPACK-based inquiry model had a significant influence on student learning outcomes with rES = 1,114; P < 0.001. This finding has a positive impact on PGSD teachers to implement this model in the learning process.
MECANIZAÇÃO DOS PROCESSOS DE PRODUÇÃO CANAVIEIRA E AS MUDANÇAS NO MERCADO DE TRABALHO FORMAL EM ALAGOAS
Authors: Jose Rodolfo Tenório Lima  , Rosemeire Aparecida Scopinho
Published: June 2024

Este artigo analisa os reflexos no mercado de trabalho formal do processo de mecanização da agricultura canavieira ocorrida no estado de Alagoas no período de 2008 à 2017. Por meio da análise de informações oriundas da Relação Anual de Informações Sociais(RAIS) e do Cadastro Geral de Empregados e Desempregados (CAGED) buscou-se identificar as alterações ocorridas no perfil da força de trabalho, dando ênfase na área agrícola do setor. Os principais resultados apontam que no período analisado, tem-se uma redução nas contratações; a participação feminina é baixa; há um processo de envelhecimento da força de trabalho; a escolaridade dos trabalhadores apresenta melhorias, porém ainda persiste o analfabetismo; e os trabalhadores ligados à mecanização agrícola tiveram ganhos salariais mais elevados.  O artigo oferece, portanto, uma contribuição para o debate sobre o processo de mecanização da produção agrícola do setor sucroalcooleiro alagoano ocorrido a partir das alterações vivenciadas no mercado de trabalho formal.
Preliminary Studies of Radiofrequency Radiation Emitted from Mobile Phone and its Health Implications
Authors: Dodo Abu ubaida A. , Muhammad Abubakar
Published: June 2024

The research work aimed to study the Radiofrequency radiation emitted from mobile phone and its health implications. The experiment was carried out in the dark room (research room) of Physics Department Modibbo Adama University (MAU), Yola where the light meter sensor was used to obtain the intensities of the radiation coming from the surface of the mobile phone at normal and while ringing, at morning, afternoon and at night. The results obtained shows that 2G SIM card of MTN gave the highest intensity for both normal condition and while ringing at 0 cm, 0.7031 Wm-2 and for 3G is 0.6715 Wm-2 at 0 cm and 4G is 0.6004 Wm-2 at 0 cm, when mobile phone was ringing, the intensities for 2G, 3G and 4G at 0 cm are 0.81765 Wm-2, 0.7505 Wm-2 and 0.7268 Wm-2 respectively, for morning reading. The highest value for the half distance is 79.67 cm and the lowest value obtained showed 0.0168 cm. The lowest absorption coefficient is 0.0163 Wm-2 cm-1 and the highest value is 0.0283 Wm-2 cm-1. The highest value of peak intensity is 0.5469 Wm-2 and the lowest is 0.5180 Wm-2. Whereas the results of afternoon and night followed the same pattern. The result obtained in this work is higher than the result obtained in Ojuh and Isobana (2015). The result is also higher than that of the recommended value by the International Commission on Non-ionizing radiation protection (ICNIRP). The effects that this may cause includes blood brain barrier, eye pain and weakness, and brain tumor
An Ethical Evaluation of Savings and Cooperative Societies in Ukum and Katsina-Ala Local Government Areas of Benue State
Authors: Asen Isaiah Sughnen , Uto Joel Terkura
Published: June 2024

There a number of thrifts cooperative societies in Ukum and Katsina-Ala Local Government Areas which provides informal savings and investment avenues for the rural dwellers. However, there are a number of factors that affect the effectiveness of these thrifts and cooperatives such as poor and non-repayment of loans and misappropriation of funds. These challenges border on lack of ethical principles in business. Thus, one of the basic problems confronting business practice among the people of Ukum and Katsina-Ala Local Government is poor ethical principles in business practice.  This paper therefore evaluates the ethics of savings and investment of selected thrifts and cooperative societies in Ukum and Katsina-Ala Local Government Area of Benue State. The paper adopts both primary and secondary sources of data collection and employed the descriptive and analytic methods of data analysis. Two thrifts and cooperative societies in Ukum and Katsina-Ala LGAs were sampled for the study. The analysis revealed that thrifts and cooperative societies have positive impact on business practice among the people. It is evident that cooperative societies exist in Ukum and Katsina-Ala LGAs where people save and invest monies in different businesses including farming, trading, purchase of commercial vehicles, motorcycles and in meeting other household needs. However, it was found that there are ethical challenges in managing thrifts and cooperative in Ukum and Katsina-Ala LGAs. These challenges are a result of poor ethical principles which are shown in the conduct of those who take loans without paying back and financial misappropriation on the part of those who own and manage such thrifts and cooperatives. The paper recommends among others that there is need to strengthen the ethical principles of integrity, financial accountability and transparency in Ukum and Katsina-Ala LGAs of Benue State for more effective business activities in the area. People borrowing money should do that with good reason and in a manner that they can repay the loans. Traditional and religious leaders should encourage people in the area to join thrifts and cooperatives, bams and adashi as ways of raising capital to start new businesses in the area.
Mechanisms for Socio-Political Cohesion and National Development in Post-Civil War Nigeria
Authors: Ogbonna Morgan
Published: June 2024

The focus of this study is on Nigeria's post-civil war socio-political cohesion status at the political, economic, and social levels. It examines what the Nigerian government has done to enhance the necessary blending of political forces and ideologies of the greatest number of citizens, and how far they have gone in stabilizing the country in the 21st century. The study adopts the qualitative descriptive historical research method using the primary and secondary sources of data collection to arrive at its findings. It has also adopted the same descriptive and historical form in the presentation of the facts from oral interviews, journal articles, books and other secondary sources that have been consulted. The study ended with a short conclusion that leads the reader to recommendations on how the Nigerian state can achieve balance in its match to an enduring socio-political cohesion for national development.
Catalogues of Forbush Decreases for the Period of 1957 - 1967
Authors: Okike O. , Nwuzor Ogochukwu C. , Akande P. I.
Published: June 2024

This work presents catalogues of Forbush Deceraeses (FDs) between the periods of 1957 – 1967. Forbush Decrease is a short-time decrease in the intensity of galactic cosmic rays. Such decreases are traced to solar wind disturbances. This work aims to study the catalogues of FDs. To achieve this aim, two approaches will be adopted namely; (1) downloading and presenting the IZMIRAN FDs from their website (2) applying the automated methods of FD identification developed by Okike and Umahi (2019) to identify and present FDs. The IZMIRAN catalog which applied the global survey method, identified a total of 450 FDs while the automated generated FDs (FD1 and FD2) which applied Fourier transformation, identified 500 and 458 FDs respectively. A close study on the three catalogues, pinpointed some differences and similarities. These were attributed to the differences in their methods of identification.
Assessment of Radiation Dose Associated with Background Radionuclides in Quarry Soil at Dawakin-Kudu LGA Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Kareemah A. L , Faiza A. , Nasir N. A. , Yakubu A. , Fatima K.
Published: June 2024

Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs) are present in different concentrations in the environment as well as quarry depending on the geological formation of the soil. The assessment of any release of radioactivity into the environment is crucial for safeguarding public health, particularly when this radioactivity has the potential to enter the food chain. The quarry located in Dawakin-Kudu Kano has the potential to exhibit elevated levels of natural radioactivity due to intense mining operations. This study presents the assessment of activity concentration in quarry soil at Dawakin-Kudu with a focus on the transfer mechanism from soil to plant. Soil samples were gathered from a quarry site and farmlands situated around the quarry at Dawakin-kudu, plant samples were also collected from the same farmlands and were all analyzed for natural radioactivity, specifically for 226Ra,232Th, and 40K. The gamma-ray spectrometry method, coupled with the Sodium thallium Iodide NaI (Tl) detector was used to measure the activity concentrations of 226Ra,232Th, and 40K. Activity concentrations of natural radioactivity in soil were generally higher than those recorded in plants. The mean activity concentration of the radionuclides in soil ranges from Highest-to-Lowest values as follows 226Ra: 65.24±1.92 Bqkg-1 – 42.41±1.73 Bqkg-1, 232Th: 182.71±1.44 Bqkg-1 – 114.61±1.25 Bqkg-1, 40K: 597.51±3.81 Bqkg-1 – 321.93±3.55 Bqkg-1. The radiological hazard indices were all determined to assess the radiation hazard of the quarry soil. The radionuclides transfer factor showed a higher value for 40K in the order 40K>232Th >226Ra, this implies high bioconcentration of 40K in plants. The findings suggest that consuming plants grown around the quarry location over an extended period could pose substantial health threats to the public. Consequently, the study area may not be safe for residents in the long run, emphasizing the necessity for continuous monitoring of radioactivity concentrations to mitigate the environmental health implications of accumulated...
Souverainisme adductif et défaillance de la RD Congo
Authors: MENDE OMALANGA Lambert
Published: June 2024

Résumé La souveraineté des Etats africains, en général et celle de la RDC, en particulier nécessite que la doctrine du souverainisme soit maîtrisée par toutes les couches de la population. En effet, depuis des lustres, les africains se sont montrés très déterminants dans l’appropriation de leur destin et surtout dans l’appropriation de leur souveraineté. Cependant, l’initiative qui avait été prise par les pères de l’indépendance n’a pas été suivie par les jeunes congolais afin de pérenniser ce qui a constitué la réussite des prédécesseurs. Dans cette réflexion, nous nous proposons de donner des pistes de solution aux congolais épris de l’amour de la patrie afin de sortir de la spirale du néo-colonialisme qui ne cesse de réduire les efforts du développement de ce grand pays d’Afrique. Au risque de suivre l’itinéraire de ces bandes errantes dépourvues de repères, l’intelligentsia congolaise devrait puiser dans le souverainisme les référentiels culturels et normatifs afro centrés pour faire triompher leurs aspirations dans un monde rudement compétitif.
Exploring Interleukin 6 as a Promising Marker for The Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Azeez Deema Diyaa , AlKatib Sami R. , Aziz Noor D.
Published: June 2024

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition in which the ability of the mother's pancreatic β-cells to function properly is compromised. This leads to inadequate insulin production and, therefore, poor glucose regulation throughout pregnancy. In recent years, there has been a significant surge in interest in determining the impact of inflammation on the progression of GDM. Inflammatory factors may function as antagonists to insulin and induce insulin resistance. Interleukin -6 (IL-6), a kind of cytokine, significantly impacts the development of glucose intolerance and may be used as a possible indicator in the blood for early detection of glucose intolerance. This study aims to assess the potential role of IL6 as a prospective diagnostic marker for Gestational Diabetes mellitus. Our study is a case-control study started from September 2022 to June 2023 and enrolled 200 pregnant women aged between 15 and 45 years; cases included 100 patients selectively collected with a confirmed diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus in Kerbala obstetrics and gynecology hospital, and the control group included 100 healthy pregnant women also gathered from the obstetrics and gynecology hospital in Kerbala governorate. Results show that the mean of Interleukin 6 was significantly higher in pregnant women with GDM, with p-values of 0.05 and 0.001. these results suggest that Interleukin6 (IL6) can be used as a prospective diagnostic marker for GDM.
Nurse's Knowledge Regarding Active Management of The Third Stage of Labor to Control Postpartum Hemorrhage
Authors: Mohammed Noor Ali , Aliwi Sajida Saadoun
Published: June 2024

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage is a leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity globally. The third stage of labor begins after the baby is born and ends with the delivery of the placenta. During this stage, the uterus needs to contract effectively to prevent excessive bleeding. Active Management of the Third Stage of Labor was introduced as a strategy to reduce the risk of postpartum hemorrhage. The study aimed to investigate nurses' knowledge of active management of the third stage of labor to control postpartum hemorrhage and investigate associated factors.
Results: The study examined participant characteristics, revealing an average age of 35.93 (SD=8.52). Around 65.0% of nurses in the study had graduated from preparatory nursing. Most nurses (56.7%) had 5-10 years of hospital experience. A majority (65.0%) worked in postpartum areas. Over half (58.3%) had 4-6 years of experience without training. The study evaluated nurses' knowledge of active management of the third stage of labor, with responses on a scale ranging from 37-64. The overall expertise indicates that 75.0% of nurses needed a better understanding. The results highlighted that factors like nurses' education level (p= .024) and training courses (p= .041) predicted their knowledge of active management of the third stage of labor.
Conclusions: The study found that nurses' knowledge of active management of the third stage of labor varied, overall indicating a poor understanding of nurses. The results highlighted significant predictors of this knowledge, including education level and participation in training courses. To enhance nurses' proficiency in active management of the third stage, it is recommended to focus on targeted educational programs and regular training opportunities.