bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leakage Current Analysis of FinFET Based 7T SRAM at 32nm Technology
Authors: Saxena Dr. Chhavi
Published: February 2022

FinFETs can be a replacement for bulk- CMOS transistors in many different designs. Its low leakage/standby power property makes FinFETs a desirable option for memory sub-systems. Memory modules are widely used in most digital and computer systems. Leakage power is very important in memory cells since most memory applications access only one or very few memory rows at a given time. As technology scales down, the importance of leakage current and power analysis for memory design is increasing. In this paper, we discover an option for low power interconnect synthesis at the32nm node and beyond, using Fin-type Field-Effect Transistors (FinFETs) which are a promising substitute for bulk CMOS at the considered gate lengths. We consider a mechanism for improving FinFETs efficiency, called variable-supply voltage schemes. In this paper, we’ve illustrated the design and implementation of FinFET based 4x4 SRAM cell array by means of one bit 7T SRAM. FinFET based 7T SRAM has been designed and analysis have been carried out for leakage current, dynamic power and delay. For the validation of our design approach, output of FinFET SRAM array have been compared with standard CMOS SRAM and significant improvements are obtained in proposed model.
Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita Ditinjau Dari Karakteristik Umur Dan Jenis Kelamin
Authors: Sekarini Sekarini
Published: February 2022

Stunting merupakan masalah gizi yang serius yang dapat menghambat perkembangan anak pada masa-masa berikutnya, meningkatkan resiko kesakitan dan kematian pada balita.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi antara umur dan jenis kelamin dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di wilayah puskesmas Kepanjen Kabupaten Malang.  Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif korelasional menggunakan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah sampling jenuh dengan besar sampel sebanyak 438 balita menggunakan laporan hasil timbang bulan Agustus 2020. Variable independent dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis kelamin dan kategori umur balita, variable dependent adalah kejadian stunting. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Chi Square.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lebih dari setengah responden berada pada kategori usia toddler, lebih dari setengah responden berjenis kelamin laki-laki.dan responden yang pendek dan sangat pendek sejumlah 16.2%. Hasil cross tabulasi antara umur dengan kejadian stunting menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara umur balita dengan kejadian stunting dengan nilai p-value sebesar .000, namun sebaliknya tidak terdapat hubungan antara jenis kelamin dengan kejadian stunting yang dapat dilihat dari nilai p (.656) >0.005. Semakin muda usia, angka kejadian stunting semakin tinggi dan semakin bertambah usia maka kejadian stuntingnya semakin rendah.

Pendampingan yang intensif oleh tenaga kesehatan sangat dibutuhkan oleh kelompok masyarakat ibu menyusui dan ibu dengan anak dibawah usia tiga tahun mengenai ASI eksklusif, asupan nutrisi anak, asupan nutrisi ibu menyusui dan posyandu rutin sebagai upaya mencegah stunting secara dini pada anak-anak dengan usia yang lebih muda.
Modern trends of educational migration in the states of Central Asia
Authors: Lobaryov Dmitriy
Published: February 2022

Educational migration is currently one of the most important socio-demographic tools that directly determine the prospects for economic development of countries and regions. The article highlights the current trends of educational migration in the states of Central Asia, including an assessment of the dynamics of the Russian vector of migration in recent years. The article compares the migration situation in the Central Asian states in connection with their policies in the implementation of national higher education programs. The most important aspects of the impact of educational migration on the social, demographic, economic and political indicators of the host regions are also considered.
Providing Compensation for the Detriment Caused By Crime When Referring Criminal Cases to Court in the Russian Criminal Proceedings
Authors: Ivanov Dmitriy , Khmelev Sergey , Gubko Irina , Gaevoy Alexander , Gorlova Yulia
Published: February 2022

Objective: The objective of the research is to consider topical issues related to the content of the final procedural documents (indictments) for the presence in them of full information about the persons who have become victims of criminal acts, as well as the nature and amount of detriment caused to them. Method: Authors used special legal methods: analysis, synthesis and sociological methods: questioning, conversation and interviewing. The application of methods of analysis and synthesis real information was obtained regarding the effectiveness of the activities of the investigator and the interrogator in ensuring compensation for detriment caused by crime when making a procedural decision to send a criminal case to court. Results: The authors substantiate the position on the need to obligatorily serve the victim and their representative with an indictment in order to provide the latter with all the necessary information to substantiate claims for compensation for detriment caused by crime in the course of further consideration of the criminal case on the merits at the hearing. Conclusions: The victim and his representative must receive copies of the indictment in order to have all the necessary information, including those directly related to the issues of compensation for harm caused by the crime, in order to participate in the court session
MODULAR TECHNOLOGY OF TEACHING ENGINEERING COMPUTER GRAPHICS TO FUTURE TEACHERS DRAWING
Authors:   Master, Tashkent State Pedagogical University Named After Nizami, Uzbekistan, Ugli Abduazizov Bunyodbek Islomjon
Published: February 2022

This article discusses the modular technology of teaching engineering computer graphics to future teachers of drawing.
CURRENT STATE OF TRANSLATION
Authors:   Teacher Of The Russian Language And Literature Of The Professional School Of The City Of Kuvasay, Uzbekistan, Mahamatjonovna Kamalova Gulnora
Published: February 2022

This article talks about the modern state of translation, as well as the laws of translation. The relevance of this topic is that the translation in its development has passed several stages, but currently preference is given to informative translation, in which the features of the individual author style are not so significant.
DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE REGULATION OF POPULATION MIGRATION
Authors:   Researcher of the Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Azamatovich Sultanov Abdulla
Published: February 2022

This article discusses the current situation in Uzbekistan in the field of external and internal migration, the ongoing work on the coordination of population migration, in particular, the use of modern information technologies in the regulation of population migration. In order to further increase the effectiveness of work in this area, the general aspects of the experience of Germany, Spain and Sweden, which are members of the European Union, are analyzed, and the most important aspects to be considered in the application of digital technologies in regulating migration.
THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF TRADE UNIONS AS AN INSTITUTION OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Independent researcher of the Tashkent State University of Law, Uzbekistan, Toshpulatovich Avezov Umidjon
Published: February 2022

This article analyzes the concept of a trade union and its legal nature, the role and importance of trade unions as an institution of civil society in Uzbekistan, the functions and basic principles of trade union activity, the organizational and legal foundations of trade unions. The article also provides a constitutional and legal analysis of the concept of a trade union and its legal nature, an analysis of the functions and basic principles of trade union activity, a study of the stages of development of the legislative system of trade unions in Uzbekistan, organizational and legal issues of trade union activity, a study, an analysis of the legal nature of documents adopted by trade unions, comparatively - legal analysis of foreign experience in organizing trade union activities, determining priority areas for improving trade union activities, developing proposals and recommendations for improving the legislation governing this activity, and other issues were also analyzed
SOME LEGAL ISSUES OF STATE REGULATION OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATIONAL PROCESSES IN UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Independent researcher at Tashkent State University of Law, Uzbekistan, Salikhovich Ismoilov Bekjon
Published: February 2022

The article provides a detailed analysis of the legal aspects of including persons with disabilities through inclusive education. On the basis of reforms in the field of education, inclusive education is gradually developing in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The orientation towards this form of education at the state level serves to further expand the educational opportunities of students with disabilities. In addition, the article presents legal, analytical views on the fact that education is the most effective way of adapting young people with disabilities in a healthy society.
MODERN UZBEK PUNCTUATION: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
Authors:   EFL Teacher of the Faculty of English Philology, Karshi State University, Uzbekistan, Turaeva Dilbar Meylievna
Published: February 2022

Punctuation is an integral part of every nation's writing. It is a social phenomenon that changes, develops and improves writing over periods. This article highlights on the issues of modern Uzbek punctuation problems and solutions.
ENGLISH AS A GLOBAL LANGUAGE IN XXI CENTURY
Authors:   EFL teacher of Namangan State University, Uzbekistan, Ibrohimova Muqaddam
Published: February 2022

English is currently described in many different ways: as "world language", "global language", "lingua franca", "connected language", etc. This article highlights the role of English that is being taught from three perspectives, namely as a first or native language (L1), a second language (L2), as a foreign language (FL) and some challenges as a global language.
Gender moderates the association between chronic academic stress with top-down and bottom-up attention
Authors: Wright Bradley J. , Wilson Kira-Elise , Kingsley Michael , Maruff Paul , Li Jian , Siegrist Johannes , Horan Ben
Published: February 2022

Research on the relationship between chronic stress and cognition is limited by a lack of concurrent measurement of state-anxiety, physiological arousal, and gender. For the first time, we assessed the impact of these factors on top-down/conscious (simple and choice reaction time) and bottom-up/reflexive (saccadic reaction time) measures of attention using CONVIRT virtual-reality cognitive tests. Participants (N = 163) completed measures of academic stress (effort-reward imbalance; ERI) and state-anxiety while heart-rate variability was recorded continuously throughout the experiment. Gender moderated the association between academic stress with the top-down measures (b = -0.002, t = -2.023, p = .045; b = -0.063, t = -3.080, p = .002) and higher academic stress was associated with poorer/slower reaction times only for male participants. For bottom-up attention, heart rate variability moderated the relationship between academic stress and saccadic reaction time (b = 0.092, t = 1.991, p = .048), and only female participants who were more stressed (i.e., ERI ≥ 1) and displayed stronger sympathetic dominance had slower reaction times. Our findings align with emerging evidence that chronic stress is related to hyperarousal in women and cognitive decrements in men. Our findings suggest that higher ERI and sympathetic dominance during cognitive testing was associated with poorer bottom-up attention in women, whereas for men, academic stress was related with poorer top-down attention irrespective of sympathovagal balance.
Master-slave synchronization in the Rayleigh and Duffing oscillators via elastic and dissipative couplings
Authors: Uriostegui-Legorreta Ulises , Tututi-Hernández Eduardo Salvador
Published: February 2022

In this work, a master-slave configuration to obtain synchronization between the Rayleigh and the Duffing oscillators is studied. For this configuration, we analyze the system when the dissipative coupling and one that combines the elastic and dissipative couplings are used. We analyzed the coupling parameters to find the range where synchronization between the oscillators is achieved. We found synchronization in the oscillators for large values of the coupling parameter. Our numerical findings show that for the dissipative coupling, there exists partial synchronization while for the others there is complete synchronization.
AGRICULTURAL FINANCING TO GUARANTEE FOOD SAFETY IN AN EMERGING NATION: A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIA
Authors: Omodero Cordelia Onyinyechi , Ehikioya Benjamin Ighodalo
Published: February 2022

Investment in agriculture is very crucial in the present situation of Nigeria. The effort to overcome food insecurity can only be efficacious if steps in the right direction will be taken. At this juncture in the Nigerian economic history, the right step to take is to adequately finance agriculture in order to ensure sufficient food production and safety that will save the future of the country. This study emphasizes on investment in agriculture to guarantee food security in Nigeria. Several other studies focus on the numerous challenges food production in Nigeria suffer, however, it is important to come to a conclusion that agriculture requires huge financial investment to thrive. This study examines the impact of agricultural financing and output on food production using data from 2007−2019. The regression result reveals that agricultural output is significant and positive in affecting food production and safety but agricultural financing is immaterial in guaranteeing sufficient food production in the country. This result gives evidence that investment in the agricultural sector will be the solution to food insecurity in Nigeria. The government is by this study encouraged to increase the budget on agriculture in order to boost food supply and safety in the country.
Dynamical Implantation of Blue Binaries in the Cold Classical Kuiper Belt
Authors: Nesvorný David , Vokrouhlický David , Fraser Wesley C.
Published: February 2022

Colors and binarity provide important constraints on the Kuiper Belt formation. The cold classical objects at radial distance r = 42–47 au from the Sun are predominantly very red (spectral slope s > 17%) and often exist as equal-size binaries (∼30% observed binary fraction). This has been taken as evidence for the in situ formation of cold classicals. Interestingly, a small fraction (∼10%) of cold classicals is less red with s < 17%, and these “blue” bodies are often found in wide binaries. Here we study the dynamical implantation of blue binaries from r < 42 au. We find that they can be implanted into the cold classical belt from a wide range of initial radial distances, but the survival of the widest blue binaries—2001 QW322 and 2003 UN284—implies formation at r > 30 au. This would be consistent with the hypothesized less-red to very-red transition at 30 < r < 40 au. For any reasonable choice of parameters (Neptune’s migration history, initial disk profile, etc.), however, our model predicts a predominance of blue singles, rather than blue binaries, which contradicts existing observations. We suggest that wide blue binaries formed in situ at r = 42–47 au and their color reflects early formation in a protoplanetary gas disk. The predominantly VR colors of cold classicals may be related to the production of methanol and other hydrocarbons during the late stages of the disk, when the temperature at 45 au dropped to ≃20 K and carbon monoxide was hydrogenated.
Leptonic Nonthermal Emission from Supernova Remnants Evolving in the Circumstellar Magnetic Field
Authors: Sushch Iurii , Brose Robert , Pohl Martin , Plotko Pavlo , Das Samata
Published: February 2022

The very-high-energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission observed from a number of supernova remnants (SNRs) indicates particle acceleration to high energies at the shock of the remnants and a potentially significant contribution to Galactic cosmic rays. It is extremely difficult to determine whether protons (through hadronic interactions and subsequent pion decay) or electrons (through inverse Compton scattering on ambient photon fields) are responsible for this emission. For a successful diagnostic, a good understanding of the spatial and energy distribution of the underlying particle population is crucial. Most SNRs are created in core-collapse explosions and expand into the wind bubble of their progenitor stars. This circumstellar medium features a complex spatial distribution of gas and magnetic field which naturally strongly affects the resulting particle population. In this work, we conduct a detailed study of the spectro-spatial evolution of the electrons accelerated at the forward shock of core-collapse SNRs and their nonthermal radiation, using the RATPaC code that is designed for the time- and spatially dependent treatment of particle acceleration at SNR shocks. We focus on the impact of the spatially inhomogeneous magnetic field through the efficiency of diffusion and synchrotron cooling. It is demonstrated that the structure of the circumstellar magnetic field can leave strong signatures in the spectrum and morphology of the resulting nonthermal emission.
First Results from SMAUG: Insights into Star Formation Conditions from Spatially Resolved ISM Properties in TNG50
Authors: Motwani Bhawna , Genel Shy , Bryan Greg L. , Kim Chang-Goo , Pandya Viraj , Somerville Rachel S. , Smith Matthew C. , Ostriker Eve C. , Nelson Dylan , Pillepich Annalisa , Forbes John C. , Belfiore Francesco , Pakmor Rüdiger , Hernquist Lars
Published: February 2022

Physical and chemical properties of the interstellar medium (ISM) at subgalactic (∼kiloparsec) scales play an indispensable role in controlling the ability of gas to form stars. In this paper, we use the TNG50 cosmological simulation to explore the physical parameter space of eight resolved ISM properties in star-forming regions to constrain the areas of this hyperspace where most star-forming environments exist. We deconstruct our simulated galaxies spanning a wide range of mass (M
⋆ = 107–1011
M
⊙) and redshift (0 ≤ z ≤ 3) into kiloparsec-sized regions and statistically analyze the gas/stellar surface densities, gas metallicity, vertical stellar velocity dispersion, epicyclic frequency, and dark-matter volumetric density representative of each region in the context of their star formation activity and environment (radial galactocentric location). By examining the star formation rate (SFR) weighted distributions of these properties, we show that stars primarily form in two distinct environmental regimes, which are brought about by an underlying bicomponent radial SFR profile in galaxies. We examine how the relative prominence of these regimes depends on galaxy mass and cosmic time. We also compare our findings with those from integral field spectroscopy observations and find similarities as well as departures. Further, using dimensionality reduction, we characterize the aforementioned hyperspace to reveal a high degree of multicollinearity in relationships among ISM properties that drive the distribution of star formation at kiloparsec scales. Based on this, we show that a reduced 3D representation underpinned by a multivariate radius relationship is sufficient to capture most of the variance in the original 8D space.
The Effects of Tilt on the Time Variability of Millimeter and Infrared Emission from Sagittarius A*
Authors: White Christopher J. , Quataert Eliot
Published: February 2022

Using a combination of general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamics simulations and ray tracing of synchrotron emission, we study the effect of modest (24°) misalignment between the black hole spin and plasma angular momentum, focusing on the variability of total flux, image centroids, and image sizes. We consider both millimeter and infrared (IR) observables motivated by Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), though our results apply more generally to optically thin flows. For most quantities, tilted accretion is more variable, primarily due to a significantly hotter and denser coronal region well off the disk midplane. We find (1) a 150% increase in millimeter light-curve variability when adding tilt to the flow; (2) the tilted image centroid in the millimeter shifts on a scale of 3.7 μas over 28 hr (5000 gravitational times) for some electron temperature models; (3) tilted disk image diameters in the millimeter can be 10% larger (52 versus 47 μas) than those of aligned disks at certain viewing angles; (4) the tilted models produce significant IR flux, similar to that seen in Sgr A*, with comparable or even greater variability than observed; and (5) for some electron models, the tilted IR centroid moves by more than 50 μas over several hours, in a similar fashion to the centroid motion detected by the GRAVITY interferometer.
Inferred Measurements of the Zodiacal Light Absolute Intensity through Fraunhofer Absorption Line Spectroscopy with CIBER
Authors: Korngut P. M. , Kim M. G. , Arai T. , Bangale P. , Bock J. , Cooray A. , Cheng Y. T. , Feder R. , Hristov V. , Lanz A. , Lee D. H. , Levenson L. , Matsumoto T. , Matsuura S. , Nguyen C. , Sano K. , Tsumura K. , Zemcov M.
Published: February 2022

Scattered sunlight from the interplanetary dust (IPD) cloud in our solar system presents a serious foreground challenge for spectrophotometric measurements of the extragalactic background light (EBL). In this work, we report on inferred measurements of the absolute intensity of the zodiacal light (ZL) using the novel technique of Fraunhofer line spectroscopy on the deepest 8542 Å line of the near-infrared Ca ii absorption triplet. The measurements are performed with the narrow band spectrometer (NBS) on board the Cosmic Infrared Background Experiment sounding rocket instrument. We use the NBS data to test the accuracy of two ZL models widely cited in the literature, the Kelsall and Wright models, which have been used in foreground removal analyses that produce high and low EBL results respectively. We find a mean reduced χ
2 = 3.5 for the Kelsall model and χ
2 = 2.0 for the Wright model. The best description of our data is provided by a simple modification to the Kelsall model, which includes a free ZL offset parameter. This adjusted model describes the data with a reduced χ
2 = 1.5 and yields an inferred offset amplitude of 46 ± 19 nW m−2 sr−1 extrapolated to 12500 Å. These measurements elude to the potential existence of a dust cloud component in the inner solar system whose intensity does not strongly modulate with the Earth’s motion around the Sun.
Intrinsic Lyα Profiles of High-velocity G, K, and M Dwarfs
Authors: Youngblood Allison , Pineda J. Sebastian , Ayres Thomas , France Kevin , Linsky Jeffrey L. , Wood Brian E. , Redfield Seth , Schlieder Joshua E.
Published: February 2022

Observations of H i Lyman α, the brightest UV emission line of late-type stars, are critical for understanding stellar chromospheres and transition regions, modeling photochemistry in exoplanet atmospheres, and measuring the abundances of neutral hydrogen and deuterium in the interstellar medium. Yet Lyα observations are notoriously challenging owing to severe attenuation from interstellar gas, hindering our understanding of this important emission line’s basic morphology. We present high-resolution far- and near-UV spectroscopy of five G, K, and M dwarfs with radial velocities large enough to Doppler-shift the stellar Lyα emission line away from much of the interstellar attenuation, allowing the line core to be directly observed. We detect self-reversal in the Lyα emission-line core for all targets, and we show that the self-reversal depth decreases with increasing surface gravity. Mg ii self-reversed emission-line profiles provide some useful information to constrain the Lyα line core, but the differences are significant enough that Mg ii cannot be used directly as an intrinsic Lyα template during reconstructions. We show that reconstructions that neglect self-reversal could overestimate intrinsic Lyα fluxes by as much as 60%–100% for G and K dwarfs and 40%–170% for M dwarfs. The five stars of our sample have low magnetic activity and subsolar metallicity; a larger sample size is needed to determine how sensitive these results are to these factors.
Hard-state Optical Wind during the Discovery Outburst of the Black Hole X-Ray Dipper MAXI J1803–298
Authors: Mata Sánchez D. , Muñoz-Darias T. , Cúneo V. A. , Armas Padilla M. , Sánchez-Sierras J. , Panizo-Espinar G. , Casares J. , Corral-Santana J. M. , Torres M. A. P.
Published: February 2022

We present 12 epochs of optical spectroscopy taken across the discovery outburst of the black hole (BH) candidate MAXI J1803−298 with the Gran Telescopio Canarias and Very Large Telescope. The source followed a standard outburst evolution with hard and soft states. The system displays a triangular shape in the hardness intensity diagram, consistent with that seen in high-inclination BH transients and the previously reported detection of X-ray dips. The two epochs observed during the initial hard state exhibited asymmetric emission-line profiles, including a P-Cygni profile simultaneously detected in Hα and He i 6678, which indicates the presence of an optical wind in the system. The remaining spectra, obtained during the transition to the soft state and the subsequent decay, are instead characterized by narrower, double-peaked emission lines embedded into broad absorption components. One epoch (intermediate state) also includes near-infrared (NIR) coverage, revealing complex line profiles in the Paschen and Bracket series, which suggests that the outflow is still present during the outburst decay through the soft state. The growing list of low-mass X-ray binaries with optical and NIR outflow signatures indicates that these are common features. Furthermore, the lowest luminosity spectrum exhibits an Hα FWHM of 1570 ± 100 km s−1. This, together with previous constraints on the binary parameters, allows us to favor a compact object mass of ∼3–10 M
⊙, further supporting its BH nature.
Health Risk Assessment of Organophosphate Residues in Rice and Vegetables in Banggai, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Hartono Budi , Husna Mufidatul
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Agriculture is the largest sector in Indonesia, while farmers commonly use pesticides such as organophosphate to protect farmlands from pests and diseases. However, the residues left on plants due to its application lead to various acute and chronic health problems.

AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the risk quotient (RQ) in populations due to organophosphate exposure in food samples.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Environmental health risk assessment was carried out involving 160 respondents, while four vegetable samples were tested for pesticide residue using gas chromatography. Furthermore, the characteristics of the respondents were collected using a questionnaire to calculate the intake and RQ.

RESULTS: The results showed that the RQ in the population was <1, while the calculation of RQ for individuals showed that a value >1 was 49 respondents, 27 respondents have an RQ of 1.1–1.5, 17 respondents have an RQ of 1.6–2.0, and 11 respondents have an RQ>2.

CONCLUSION: Based on the result, the population is not at risk from its exposure to organophosphate residues in vegetables; however, individual exposure needs a profound attention to prevent the risk associated.
Thrombosis and Coronavirus Disease-19: A Literature Review
Authors: Ahmad Herwindo
Published: February 2022

(COVID-19) pandemic, is a respiratory infection-related with the advancement of thromboembolic intricacies and respiratory distress in extreme cases. The expanded danger of pulmonary embolism and thrombosis has been recognized in COVID-19 patients, close by going with rises in likely prognostic biomarkers, including D-dimer, IL-6, and cardiovascular explicit troponins. Methods: Authors conducted a literature search carried out through the PubMed, Science Direct, Medline, and Google Scholar search engines consist of the thrombosis mechanism in COVID-19. Results: Coronavirus infection is portrayed by the communications between hyperactive coagulation and supplement frameworks – incited by hyper-inflammatory conditions, bringing about a supportive of thrombotic state and diffuse tissue injury. There are a few promising prognostic markers of sickness seriousness, with D-dimer the most critical. The presence of thrombocytopenia has all the earmarks of being a critical pointer of patient disintegration. Conclusion: Thrombosis in COVID-19 ought to be overseen as it would be for any sick patient, following the setup training of utilizing thromboembolic prophylaxis for fundamentally not well-hospitalized patients, and standard steady consideration.
Predictors of Exclusive Breast Milk Failure Before Six Months: A Study on Exclusive Breastfeeding in the City of Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Budi Ni Gusti Made Ayu Agung , Mulyo Gurid Pramintarto Eko , Mulyati Sri , Fauzia Fauzia
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Exclusive breastfeeding is the cornerstone of a child’s survival and health because it provides essential and irreplaceable nutrients for their growth and development. The coverage rate for exclusive breastfeeding for infants 0–6 months in West Java in 2017 was 55.4%, below the national figure of 61.33%.

AIM: The purpose of this article is to identify the failure factors for exclusive breastfeeding.

METHODS: The study began with a quasi-experimental period with a pre- and post-test group design approach through a health education process about exclusive breastfeeding in the third trimester of pregnancy, followed by a prospective study on breastfeeding practice in infants in the first 6 months of life. The analysis used was Chi-square analysis (χ2) and Paired t-test. Then, followed by a qualitative study to explore the supports and barriers to exclusive breastfeeding through in-depth interviews and carried out an analysis with modified Aronso’s qualitative analysis steps. The quantitative study sample is 50 people. The sample for the qualitative study was 15 people consisting of mothers with babies over 6-months-old, midwives, health staff. The study started from March 2017 to September 2018.

RESULTS: The knowledge score of the intervention group increased significantly from 26.08 before the intervention to 31.78 after the intervention (p-value 0.000), with 3.52 more excellent than the control group. The attitude score of the intervention group rose significantly from 8.2 before the intervention to 13.16 after the intervention (p-value 0.000), with 3.12 more excellent than the control group. The intervention significantly affected exclusive breastfeeding behavior with a p-value of 0.047, but the behavior of exclusive breastfeeding was still 36%. The qualitative study findings contained support and obstacles in implementing exclusive breastfeeding in the city of Bogor. Supporting factors range from a support system in regional regulations and class programs for pregnant women to support for infrastructure. At the same time, obstacles include parenting patterns, individual factors, other internal and external influences.

CONCLUSION: Health education can improve knowledge, attitudes and behavior of exclusive breastfeeding. There are still other predictors of the failure of exclusive breastfeeding before 6 months outside of health education.
Iguana insularis (Iguanidae) from the southern Lesser Antilles: An endemic lineage endangered by hybridization
Authors: Breuil Michel , Schikorski David , Vuillaume Barbara , Krauss Ulrike , Daltry Jennifer C. , Gaymes Glenroy , Gaymes Joanne , Lepais Olivier , Bech Nicolas , Jelić Mišel , Becking Thomas , Grandjean Frédéric
Published: February 2022

The newly described horned iguanaIguana insularisfrom the southern Lesser Antilles is separated in two easily recognized subspecies:I. insularis sanctaluciaefrom St. Lucia andI. insularis insularisfrom the Grenadines. Its former description is completed by the use of 38 new samples for genetic and morphological analysis. Seventeen microsatellites were used to estimate genetic diversity, population structure and the level of introgression with otherIguanaspecies over nearly the whole range of the species. ND4 and PAC sequences were also used to better characterize hybridization and to complete the description of this lineage. TheI. insularispopulation of St. Vincent shows a high level of introgression fromI. iguanawhereas in the Grenadines, most islands present pureinsularispopulations but several show evidence of introgressions. Of the two remaining populations ofI. insularis sanctaluciae, only one is still purebred. The recent identification of this and other distinct insular species and subspecies in the eastern Caribbean, and evaluation of where hybridization has occurred, are timely and important because the native iguanas are in urgent need of conservation action. Among the greatest threats is the ongoing human-mediated spread of invasive iguanas from Central and South America, which are destroying the endemic insular lineages through multiple diachronic introgression events.
Health Literacy: Challenges and Strategies
Authors: Egbert Nichole , Nanna Kevin
Published: February 2022

Although health literacy is a concept new to many members of the healthcare community, it has quickly caught the attention of researchers, policy makers, and clinicians due to its widespread impact on health and well-being. Despite the enormous implications of low health literacy, there remains a significant amount of confusion surrounding the concept and its connection with healthcare outcomes. The purpose of this article is to outline the scope of low health literacy as a concept and explore ways that researchers and clinicians can reduce its negative impact on health outcomes. First, the major definitions of health literacy are presented in a brief overview. Then, the concepts of obtaining, processing/understanding, and using information serve as a working framework for discussing both the challenges of low health literacy and strategies to address low health literacy. The authors conclude by identifying areas of research that are needed to advance the conceptualization of health literacy.
Using Telehealth to Deliver Nursing Case Management Services to HIV/AIDS Clients
Authors: Lillibridge Jennifer , Hanna Barbara
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this qualitative, descriptive study was to explore the use of telehealth technology to assist case managers to effectively manage their caseloads of HIV/AIDs clients, increase responsiveness to their clients’ changing medical conditions, and serve as a partial solution to the ongoing nursing shortage. Telehealth monitors were placed and used in the homes of six HIV/AIDS clients for a period of four months. Clients were interviewed following the removal of the telehealth equipment from the home. Findings clustered around the three major themes of missing the nurse, being satisfied, and drawbacks. The findings suggest that the use of telehealth technology has the potential to effectively assist case management and home health agencies manage their caseloads, increase responsiveness to a client’s changing medical conditions, and address the ongoing nursing shortage.
Le Permis Internet : révélateur de tensions entre l’École, le gouvernement et les entreprises
Authors: Walczak Nathalie
Published: February 2022

Le Permis Internet est un dispositif mis en place par AXA Prévention dans le but d’informer les élèves des risques liés à l’utilisation d’internet. Présenté sous forme de kit pédagogique, cet outil est proposé par la Gendarmerie nationale et nous interroge sur le rôle des différents acteurs concernés. Trois types d’acteurs aux enjeux différents sont effectivement impliqués : tout d’abord, une entreprise privée d’assurance en tant que fournisseur du kit ; ensuite, les forces de l’ordre – soit gendarmerie, soit police municipale- en tant que prescripteurs ; et pour finir, les équipes enseignantes comme porte d’entrée pour atteindre les élèves. Cet article montre les liens existant entre ces différents acteurs et met à jour les stratégies liées aux impératifs de chacun en pointant le fait qu’il ne s’agit pas d’une collaboration mais plutôt d’un état de fait imposé par une entreprise privée aux écoles, à l’image de ce que proposent les GAFAM.
Le permis internet à l’école : quand le gendarme devient formateur
Authors: Millet-Fourrier Christelle
Published: February 2022

Afin de protéger les enfants des dangers d’internet, la mise en place d’un permis à l’école pour les élèves de 10 ans est censée leur donner l’occasion d’identifier les pièges possibles. Cette initiative du ministère de l’Intérieur conduit le gendarme ou le policier à entrer dans l’école afin d’assurer un rôle de prévention, en s’appuyant sur un kit pédagogique qui permet d’animer les séances de discussion. Plutôt favorablement perçu par les enseignants que nous avons rencontrés, ce rôle de formateur qu’assure le gendarme s’inscrit dans le cadre d’un partenariat plus large Éducation-Police-Gendarmerie et soulève un certain nombre de questions relatives notamment à une politique délégataire de l’Éducation Nationale et à un glissement de certaines prérogatives.
Le marché des injonctions : les dispositifs dits « innovants » dans les institutions culturelles
Authors: Aquilina Manuelle , Mahéo Claire , Pasquer-Jeanne Julie
Published: February 2022

Comment les injonctions à l’innovation et au numérique faites aux institutions culturelles façonnent-elles leurs dispositifs de médiation ? Cette étude porte sur la trivialité des injonctions (Jeanneret, 2008), autrement dit sur la façon dont elles circulent, sont appropriées et recréées par les différents acteurs intervenant dans les phases de co-conception/co-design de ces dispositifs dits « innovants » (institutions culturelles et agences prestataires). Après avoir identifié des caractéristiques propres à ces marchés publics régis par des appels d’offres, nous mettons en évidence l’énonciation éditoriale (Souchier, 1998) et la porosité des rôles à l’œuvre dans ces logiques culturelles et industrielles. Dans cet article, la notion d’innovation est interrogée face à la standardisation de certains dispositifs et aux imaginaires propres à chacun des acteurs à l’origine de leur conception.
Le capitalisme numérique comme système-monde
Authors: Broca Sébastien
Published: February 2022

Cet article analyse l’actuel capitalisme numérique grâce aux notions de « système-monde » et d’« échange écologiquement inégal ». Il vise ainsi à en fournir une métacritique (L. Boltanski) articulant deux aspects : une description des relations économiques et matérielles entre espaces centraux et espaces périphériques ; une théorie de l’exploitation réalisée par les premiers au détriment des seconds. Cette approche replace le capitalisme numérique dans une histoire et une géographie globales du capitalisme. Elle se montre attentive aux interdépendances qui unissent la côte Ouest des États-Unis, et notamment la Silicon Valley, avec le reste du monde. Du point de vue empirique, elle engage à quantifier les flux de ressources biophysiques qui nourrissent l’innovation technologique et les réussites entrepreneuriales au sein des espaces centraux. Du point de vue normatif, elle ouvre la voie à une conception de l’exploitation alternative à celle proposée par les théoriciens du digital labour. L’article propose ainsi l’hypothèse selon laquelle, au sein du capitalisme numérique, la valeur économique qu’un territoire retire d’une activité tend à être inversement proportionnelle aux dommages environnementaux subis du fait de cette même activité.
« La plus belle discipline au monde » : ma vie de comparatiste entre la France et l’Allemagne
Authors: Schmeling Manfred , Paul Claude
Published: February 2022

Cet article est un bilan très personnel. On y trouve de petites anecdotes aussi bien que des réflexions académiques et scientifiques, présentées dans la perspective d’un comparatiste allemand qui, comme membre du comité d’honneur, a eu et continue d’avoir le plaisir de suivre le travail de la RLC de très près. La collaboration franco-allemande se trouve au centre de cette réflexion sur la littérature comparée comme une discipline qui continue de progresser mondialement.
Une abeille dans la ruche des études comparatistes italiennes
Authors: Puglisi Giovanni
Published: February 2022

Le titre choisi pour ce témoignage personnel met l’accent sur un parcours atypique. Le point de départ est la Sicile et l’apprentissage de l’enseignement philosophique, jugé très vite insuffisant ou inadapté aux perspectives plus largement culturelles qui étaient recherchées. L’évocation des étapes successives d’une carrière est aussi l’occasion de présenter les perspectives offertes par la littérature comparée, en particulier le dialogue des cultures.
Georges Le Gentil compagnon de route de la première heure du comparatisme
Authors: Pageaux Daniel-Henri
Published: February 2022

Hispaniste de formation, Georges Le Gentil (1875-1954) s’est tourné vers le Portugal et le Brésil, mais il a été aussi attiré très tôt par la littérature comparée. En témoigne sa participation au second numéro de la RLC avec un article sur les rapports entre Le Bourgeois gentilhomme de Molière et O fidalgo aprendiz de Francisco de Melo. Après une lecture qui a valeur de méthode, Le Gentil conclut à une possible connaissance par Molière de la comédie portugaise.
Sur les débuts universitaires de Jean-Marie Carré
Authors: Pageaux Daniel-Henri
Published: February 2022

L’essentiel de l’article porte sur la lecture d’un texte inédit de Jean-Marie Carré, une conférence donnée à Luxembourg en 1908, alors qu’il est lecteur de français à Halle. Si le sujet retenu est l’étude de la poésie de Leconte de Lisle, les réflexions que suscitent le goût de l’antique et un certain exotisme permettent de mieux comprendre certaines orientations qui vont se dessiner par la suite, tant dans les recherches universitaires que dans certains essais.
Comparatistes familialement et même familièrement
Authors: Body Jacques
Published: February 2022

Par définition, la comparaison crée des liens. Mais aussi bien toute réflexion et toute science. Entre comparatistes comme entre chercheurs de toutes disciplines, des liens aussi préexistent, familiaux (filiation, fraternité, mariage) ou familiers (condisciples, collaborateurs, successeurs, amis). Tels sont les liens que je décris en récapitulant les souvenirs de ma carrière ; dont la RLC fut l’un des vecteurs. Petit récit mémoriel.
Por el hilo de mis comparatismos y sus fábulas
Authors: Crolla Adriana Cristina
Published: February 2022

Proponer un balance de los recorridos y alcances de una vida académica dedicada a los estudios comparados durante cuatro décadas, se presenta inicialmente como una tarea abrumadora y de casi imposible abordaje. Pero una vez encontrado el “método” para sintetizar en pocas páginas los múltiples caminos realizados, se experimenta una particular satisfacción al tomar conciencia que el camino elegido no fue en vano. Junto a la invitación del estimado comparatista Daniel-Henri Pageaux para incorporarme al Comité Editorial de la Revue de Littérature Comparée , se me solicitó elaborar un testimonio personal. El presente texto responde a esa solicitud proponiendo un sucinto, pero complexivo relato de los cinco “hilos” que entramaron la fábula de mis extra-víos comparatistas.
Évaluer les besoins des femmes enceintes : une étude-pilote du dispositif Ariane
Authors: Saïas Thomas , Mörch Carl-Maria , Comtois Janie , Girard Isabelle , Bodard Julie , Gerhard Jean-Louis
Published: February 2022

Introduction : L’organisation de la prévention périnatale est, en France, adossée à un système à vocation universelle. Les services de protection maternelle et infantile sont ainsi ouverts à tous, au risque d’exclure les personnes ne sachant pas où les trouver ni comment les utiliser. La prévention ciblée, fonctionnant sur des facteurs de risque corrigerait une partie de cette iniquité sans toutefois parvenir à une correction parfaite. But de l’étude : Cet article présente un dispositif social innovant en santé publique : le contact prénatal systématique Ariane, développé par une équipe de recherche et implanté dans les services de PMI. Il repose sur le principe d’universalisme proportionné. Ariane consiste en un envoi de SMS et un appel téléphonique en début de grossesse. Destiné à toutes les femmes enceintes, il permet de transmettre de vive voix des informations sur les systèmes publics de prévention et de soutien aux parents. Il permet également d’évaluer les besoins des familles. Méthode : Cet article présente les résultats de l’étude-pilote de ce dispositif, menée en Moselle. Au total, 14 sages-femmes et 11 parturientes ayant été contactées lors de leur grossesse ont participé à des entretiens post-projet. Résultats : Les résultats montrent une très grande acceptabilité des appels par l’ensemble des parties. Selon les sages-femmes, Ariane a permis d’augmenter la pertinence du repérage, permettant de passer d’une logique de prévention fondée sur des critères à une logique de prévention adossée aux besoins des familles. Le contact a été facile, selon les femmes comme les professionnelles. Conclusions : Nos résultats montrent que le dispositif Ariane a permis d’instaurer une relation de confiance entre les familles et les services. Les implications pour la modification des politiques dans le sens de l’« aller-vers » sont également présentées dans cet article.