bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROSES FOLDING BACK SISWA DENGAN RESILIENSI MATEMATIS SANGAT TINGGI PADA MASALAH OPEN-ENDED
Authors: Wahyu Widyastuti  , Juandi Dadang , Hasanah Aan
Published: June 2023

Penting bagi pendidik untuk tidak hanya melihat hasil pekerjaan siswa, tetapi juga proses pemahaman matematis saat siswa menyelesaikan masalah. Folding back merupakan proses krusial dalam teori Pirie-Kieren tentang growth of mathematical understanding. Folding back adalah proses ketika siswa kembali ke level pemahaman yang lebih rendah untuk mengembangkan pemahaman matematis mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi gambaran keberagaman proses folding back siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah open-ended pada materi trigonometri, khususnya pada siswa dengan kategori resiliensi matematis sangat tinggi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kasus di kelas X Tata Busana dengan melibatkan 2 orang subjek penelitian. Terdapat 3 temuan yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini yaitu; (1) siswa dengan resiliensi matematis yang sangat tinggi sudah mampu melakukan folding back secara mandiri; (2) siswa seringkali mengalami folding back ke level primitive knowing; serta (3) terdapat siswa yang melakukan folding back ke level formalizing setelah level inventing, guna membangun level pemahaman yang lebih tinggi.
EKPLORASI ETNOMATEMATIKA PADA MAKANAN TRADISIONAL MASYARAKAT MAJALENGKA
Authors: Herayanti  , Suhendra  , Dadang Juandi
Published: June 2023

Etnomatematika merupakan salah satu strategi pembelajaran yang mengaitkan unsur budaya dalam pembelajaran matematika. DI Indonesia beraneka ragam kebudayaan salah satunya yaitu dari makanan tradisional. Makanan tradisional merupakan budaya dimana di dalamnya terdapat unsur matematika. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi aspek-aspek etnomatematika pada makanan tradisional masyarakat Majalengka. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan desain etnografi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini yaitu tokoh pembuat makanan tradisional di Kabupaten Majalengka. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa terdapat aspek-aspek etnomatematika pada makanan tradisional. Pada aktivitas matematis diantaranya aktivitas counting (menghitung) meliputi alat dan bahan baku yang diperlukan untuk membuat opak, menentukan harga bahan baku, menentukan harga jual dan estimasi waktu yang diperlukan; measuring (mengukur) meliputi luas lahan yang diperlukan dalam pembuatan opak; designing (mendesain) meliputi mengetahui macam-macam bentuk pada opak, merancang macam-macam bentuk pada pembuatan opak dan cetakan yang digunakan pada pembuatan opak; playing (bermain) meliputi menentukan gerak tangan; dan explaining (menjelaskan) meliputi makna/filosofi dari pembutan opak. Pada produk yaitu opak terdapat unsur matematis secara geometris ditemukan bangun datar yaitu lingkaran.
PENGEMBANGAN DIGIBOOK BANGUN RUANG SISI LENGKUNG BERBASIS FLIP PDF PROFESSIONAL UNTUK MENGEKSPLOR KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Ivan Sovian  , Supratman  , Puji Lestari
Published: June 2023

Pentingnya sebuah media pembelajaran untuk mengoptimalkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik harus dipersiapkan oleh pendidik, salah satunya dengan digibook. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan digibook bangun ruang sisi lengkung untuk mengeksplor kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik. Penelitian menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE melalui 5 tahapan yaitu Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation dan Evaluation. Subjek dalam penelitian adalah 3 orang guru matematika, 5 orang peserta didik yang diambil dari kelas sembilan diluar kelas IX B, 2 orang ahli materi, 2 orang ahli media dan 32 orang peserta didik kelas IX B SMP Negeri 2 Cikijing. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, angket dan tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar validasi ahli materi, lembar validasi ahli media, angket respon pengguna, dan soal tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pengembangan diperoleh hasil validasi dari ahli materi dan ahli media, digibook bangun ruang sisi lengkung berbasis Flip PDF Professional ini valid dengan kategori sangat layak digunakan. Respon pengguna terhadap digibook bangun ruang sisi lengkung berbasis Flip PDF Professional ini positif dengan kategori sangat baik. Hasil pengujian Effect Size (ES) diperoleh kategori Strong Effect. Kemampuan pemecahan masalah setelah menggunakan digibook bangun ruang sisi lengkung berbasis Flip PDF Professional sebanyak 8 orang atau 25% peserta didik berada pada kategori “Tinggi”. Sebanyak 20 orang atau 62,5% peserta didik berada pada kategori “Sedang”. Sebanyak 4 orang atau 12,5% peserta didik berada pada kategori “Rendah”. Sehingga disimpulkan bahwa digibook bangun ruang sisi lengkung berbasis Flip PDF Professional yang dikembangkan layak digunakan untuk mengeksplorasi kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik.
FOREIGN TRADE IN SERVICES IN UKRAINE AND EU
Authors: Bocharova Yu. H. , Gorina G. O. , Kozhuhova T. V.
Published: June 2023

Objective. The objective of the article is the analysis of the state and features of foreign trade in services between Ukraine and the EU in 2015–2019.

Methods. Following methods and techniques of knowledge are used during the study: theoretical generalization and comparison, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, grouping, and classification

Results. According to the results of the study it is substantiated that at the present stage of development, international trade is characterized by servicing, which is manifested in a significant increase in trade in services, increasing its share and total international trade; this feature of the development of international trade is naturally reflected in the foreign trade relations of individual countries, including Ukraine — in 2015–2019, the volume of Ukraine’s foreign trade in services went up 1.5 times or by 7311.5 million dollars and amounted to 22571.1 million dollars as of 2019. It is established that in 2015–2019.: Ukraine’s main foreign trade partner was the EU, which accounted for an average of 35.4 % of Ukraine’s exports and 42.8 % of imports; the structure of foreign trade of Ukraine and the EU is dominated by foreign trade in goods, but the volume of foreign trade in services is growing dynamically, during the period under review, the volume of foreign trade in services of Ukraine and the EU increased almost 1.4 times or 2173.6 million dollars; the volumes of exports of services prevail over the volumes of imports, which led to a positive balance of foreign trade in services of Ukraine and the EU, which during this period had a tendency to increase; in the structure of foreign trade in services of Ukraine and the EU are dominated by such types of services as: services for processing material resources, transport services, financial services, information services, business services, while in the structure of foreign trade of Ukraine and EU services the largest exports were characterized by processing services material resources, transportation services, information services, business services, imports: transportation services, travel services, financial services, royalties, business services; Ukraine’s most active partners in trade in services were EU countries such as the United Kingdom, Cyprus, and Germany, which accounted for an average of almost 50 % of the total foreign trade in services of Ukraine and the EU. The practical significance of the results is in the possibility of their use in developing a strategy for the development of foreign trade cooperation between Ukraine and the EU.
IMPACT OF THE MARKETING ENVIRONMENT EXTERNAL FACTORS ON SERVICE CONSUMERS’ MARKET BEHAVIOUR
Authors: Karabaza I. A. , Popova Y. S. , Ilienkov M. S.
Published: June 2023

Objective. The objective of the article is to analyze the impact of the marketing environment external factors on market behaviour of service consumers.

Methods. The following methods are used in the research: the method of analysis and syn- thesis (while studying the approaches of scientists to the study of external factors impact on the behaviour of service consumers), the method of expert assessment (while assessing the impact of external factors on the behavior of carwash service consumers).

Results. Consumer behavior in the market is determined by a set of macro and micro envi- ronmental factors, as well as internal needs, motives and values. Macro environmental factors that affect consumer behaviour directly or indirectly may be the following: changes in economic and political life of the country, social, demographic, cultural characteristics of consumers in a particular country. In the article, the next key factors of political and legal nature that affect the behaviour of carwash service consumer are identified: the existence and application of the Laws of Ukraine «On Consumer Protection» and «On Environmental Protection», Rules on labour protection on road transport, Water Code of Ukraine, compliance with national quality standards, as well as political instability in the country. It is determined that the following economic factors can positively affect the behaviour of car wash service consumers: increasing of the number of car washes and the development of the car service market, price stability on the car wash service market since early 2020, increasing of the average monthly wages and reduc- ing of the annual rate of inflation in the country. It is determined that the following factors may negatively affect the behaviour of car wash service consumers in Ukraine: political instability, inefficient structure of household expenditure, the COVID–19 pandemic and the imposition of quarantine, seasonality, etc.

The practical significance of the results obtained is in the possibility of making suggestions for developing further service provider’s PR strategy.
Influence of boron and molybdenum on yield attributes of mustard
Authors: Naznin - , Haque K N , Sarker R , Rahman M M , Moniruzzaman M , Alam M A
Published: June 2023

Boron and Molybdenum play a remarkable role in crop production and they are especially important for oil seed crops. Mustard is a very important oil seed crop in Bangladesh. The optimum and adequate levels of boron and molybdenum are very important for attaining a higher quality yield of oil seed crops. This study was carried out to investigate the influence of boron, molybdenum, and their interactions on yield and yield attributes of mustard var. Binasarisha-5 at the experimental field of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh. Three levels of boron (0,1 and 2 kg/ha) and two levels of molybdenum (0 and 20 ppm) were used as treatment variables. Molybdenum was sprayed at the maximum vegetative growth stage. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Results showed that the mean effects of boron and molybdenum significantly influenced the growth and yield of mustard. Application of 2 kg B/ha gave a significant influence on most of the yield contributing characters which resulted in the highest seed yield/ha (1294 kg/ha). Interactions of boron and molybdenum significantly influenced the seeds/siliqua, seed yield/plant, shoot weight/plant, shell weight/plant, seed yield /ha, straw yield/ha, and biological yield /ha. Seed yield (1337 kg/ha) was the highest with the interaction of 2 kg/ha application of boron and foliar spary of 20 ppm molybdenum. So, it is concluded that B and Mo application may increase the seed yield of mustard.
Bangladesh J. Agri. 2023, 48(1): 101-111
An Enquiry into how Political Sufi-Regimes Evolve in Contemporary Bangladesh
Authors: Mostofa Mamun Al
Published: June 2023

Contrary to the commonly held notion that Sufis are generally apolitical, contemporary scholars on Sufism, in general, have reached a consensus that Sufism has always been tinged with political colour. However, this perspective, though dominant, seems to under-appreciate the nuances of Sufism and at the same time denies Sufis' capacity to remain non-partisan whenever they choose to be. Against this backdrop, this article attempts to investigate four Sufi-regimes that have been politically active in contemporary Bangladesh. Analysing their evolution, it explains the stage in their growth when such regimes are likely to remain non-partisan and when they are likely to shed their visibly apolitical stance, take noticeably more political positions and/or form political party. It argues that before taking on an explicitly political character, a typical Sufi-regime usually undergoes at least three identifiable phases – namely, recognition, expansion and stabilisation, and lastly discipline through organisation. According to the analytical model presented here, Sufis in the recognition and expansion phase are unlikely to join politics, while those with a disciplined group of followers and murids can participate in the political process with a minimum level of encouragement from their respective surroundings.

Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh (Hum.), Vol. 68(1), 2023, pp. 1-32
Socio-Legal Aspects of Old Homes in Bangladesh: An Analysis
Authors: Ferdousi Nahid
Published: June 2023

The older people need inclusive attention and care equally like any other segment of the population. Like different regions of the world, many Asian countries have already started to pay attention in developing elderly support programs and legal framework. Bangladesh is far behind from many Asian countries in ensuring proper protection and minimum social security services for the senior citizens. At present, the traditional joint family structures have broken down and familial support to the older people have been reduced drastically. Due to absence of proper protective mechanism, millions of older people is living a miserable life within and outside the family. Moreover, community home-based care and residential care facilities has not developed yet in the country. Rather, the concept of old homes, caregivers and rehabilitation centers are getting popular as well. Accordingly, there is no regulatory framework or monitoring authority specifically for old homes and centers. Traditionally it is not much appreciated by the society because of the prevailing social, cultural, and religious norms of the country. Hence, it is the need of time to address the issue of the elderly shelter homes and provide them care in a better way. This study focuses on socio-legal aspects of old homes in Bangladesh and possible recommendations for the betterments of the elderly care delivery.

Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh (Hum.), Vol. 68(1), 2023, pp. 119-134
LAS NUEVAS TECNOLOGÍAS Y SU PAPEL EN LA CREACIÓN DE RELATOS MUSEOGRÁFICOS INNOVADORES, EN EL PERIODO PRE COVID-19
Authors: Alvarado Vanegas Byron Andrés
Published: June 2023

Las nuevas tecnologías se han convertido en herramientas diferenciales y competitivas para el ocio y recreación de las personas. De ahí que, muchos museos han apostado por este tipo de herramientas para ofrecer experiencias de visita más atractivas y aumentar la apropiación de los contenidos por parte de los visitantes. Por lo tanto, esta investigación pretende analizar el papel de las nuevas tecnologías en la construcción y presentación de narrativas innovadoras en los museos, en una etapa previa a la pandemia por Covid-19. Para ello, se aplicó un enfoque de investigación mixto, dividido en dos fases. En la fase cuantitativa, se analizó la literatura académica relacionada con las nuevas tecnologías en museos, durante el periodo 2007-2018. Para la fase cualitativa, se recolectó información de cinco museos de Barcelona, mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas y observación participante. Los principales resultados mostraron que las narrativas deben apoyarse en elementos audiovisuales intuitivos e inmersivos como la Realidad Aumentada o la Realidad Virtual, que permitan mejorar el aprendizaje de los visitantes. Esta investigación contribuye a elevar el valor del patrimonio (material e inmaterial), a través de la presentación de nuevos formatos de aprendizaje apoyados en la creatividad,la innovación y el uso de las nuevas tecnologías.
Palabras clave: Museos, narrativas, satisfacción, tecnologías, visitantes.AbstractNew technologies have become differential and competitive tools for leisure and recreation. Hence, many museums have invested in this type of tools to offer more attractive visit experiences and increase the appropriation of the contents by visitors. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the role of new technologies in the development and presentation of innovative narratives in museums, ata stage previous to the Covid-19 pandemic. For this purpose, a mixed research approach was applied, divided into two phases. In the quantitative phase,  the academic literature related to new technologies in museums, during the period 2007-2018, was analyzed. For the qualitative phase, information was collected from five museums in Barcelona, through semi-structured interviews and participantobservation. The main results showed that narratives should be supported by intuitive and immersive audiovisual tools, such as Augmented Reality or Virtual Reality, to enhance the visitors’ learning. This research contributes to raise the value of heritage(tangible and intangible), through the presentation of new learning formats supported by creativity, innovation and the use of new technologies.
Keywords: Museums, narratives, satisfaction, technologies, visitors.
PARTICIPAÇÃO E DELIBERAÇÃO NA GESTÃO EDUCACIONAL
Authors: Noga Veridiana , Penteado Renata , Bonin Joel Cezar
Published: June 2023

Em meio a uma sociedade neoliberal em constante legitimação, refletir sobre questões inerentes ao real sentido da participação na gestão escolar tem sido um desafio necessário. Nas últimas décadas, tem-se percebido um expressivo avanço no discurso sobre a democracia, o qual impõe novos olhares também sobre a gestão da escola. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho busca contribuir com as discussões acerca dos reais espaços de participação e deliberação nos diferentes estilos de organização escolar, atentando para a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação (Lei 9394/1960) e para a Constituição Federal de 1988, tendo em vista, analisar os desafios na compreensão das esferas democráticas da gestão escolar.
Palavras-chave: Gestão. Participação. Democracia.
 
ABSTRACT
In the midst of a neoliberal society in constant legitimacy, reflecting about matters which are inherent to the real sense of participation in scholar management has been a necessary challenge. In the last decades an expressive advance has been noticed in the speech about democracy, which imposes new glances also in the management of the school. In this regard, the current work aims to contribute with discussions about the real spaces for participation and deliberation in different styles of scholar organization, to attempt at the Law of Directives and Basis of National Education (LDB 9.394/60) and at the Federal Constitution of 1988, and analyze the challenges of democratic spheres in scholar management.
Keywords: Management. Participation. Democracy.
Cyber-Victimization and Cyberbullying: The Moderator Effects of Emotion Regulation from Perpetrators
Authors: Ifada Costly , Sunawan Sunawan
Published: June 2023

Cyberbullying is a form of behavior that harms, disrupts, and threatens the safety of other users on social media. Cyberbullying is crucial to explore, considering that most research focuses on victims and less on perpetrators. The present study aimed to examine the role of emotion regulation in moderating cyber-victimization and cyberbullying. This correlational study involved 103 respondents (38 males and 65 females). They are aged 19-24, in the second to fourteenth semesters, and indicated as a perpetrator of social media. Data were collected using the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) and the Cyberbullying Inventory (CB-I). The data analysis techniques applied in this study were descriptive, correlational, cluster, and regression-based moderator analyses. The moderator analysis used the PROCESS syntax in IBM SPSS. This study showed that emotion regulation predicted decreasing cyberbullying, whereas cyber-victimization strongly correlated with cyberbullying. Furthermore, the negative correlation between cyber-victimization and cyberbullying increased when emotion regulation was low. This study confirmed that most perpetrators experienced cyber-victimization, and emotion regulation strategically reduced those circumstances.
Management of external cervical resorption with internal approach: 18 months of follow-up
Authors: Fonsêca Keren Scheidegger de Aguiar da , Romano Claudia Mendonça Reis , Xavier Juliana Machado Barroso , Scardini Iandara de Lima , Ribeiro Francisco Carlos
Published: June 2023

Introduction: External cervical resorption (ECR) in advance stages may have a probable pulp involvement. In some of these cases, the accessibility of the resorptive process can be performed by an intraradicular approach. Aim: To report the management of an ECR, classified as Class 2cp according to Patel classification, with an internal approach. Case report: A 22-year-old male patient presented a complaint of dentin hypersensitivity related to left maxillary lateral incisor and reported a history of previous dental trauma. Based on the clinical, radiographic and tomographic findings, the left maxillary lateral incisor was diagnosed as symptomatic irreversible pulpitis with ECR class 2cp of Patel classification. The patient was scheduled for endodontic treatment, with an internal approach, and repair of the resorbed area. Intracanal dressing of calcium hydroxide paste was used in the root canal and resorption gaps. The root canal filling was performed in two steps: obturation of the apical and middle third with gutta-percha by lateral condensation technique and obturation of the cervical third and filling the resorbed area with MTA. After 18 months signs and symptoms compatible with success were observed, and the tomographic and radiographic images suggested a successful endodontic treatment and evolutionary process of repair of bone and mineralized dental tissues. Conclusion: Patel class 2cp ECR treatment through an internal approach, including conventional endodontic treatment and recovery of the reabsorbed area with calcium hydroxide and MTA is a viable treatment option, but may cause tooth discoloration.
Impact of psychiatric disorders on antiretroviral therapy response of patients with HIV
Authors: Távora Lara Gurgel Fernandes , Farias Geysa Maria Nogueira , Jorge Bianca Carneiro de Melo , Vasconcelos Ingrid Fernandes , Amorim Laila Maria Teixeira , Vegini Maria Gabriela , Dantas Robysom Alves Camelo
Published: June 2023

Background: Psychiatric disorders (PD) are prevalent among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). PD occurrence in PLWHA contributes to higher rates of risky sexual behaviors and non-adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). Aim: The present study aimed to analyze the influence of PD on ART response of PLWHA. Methods: Retrospective cohort of PLWHA followed at a referral center in northeast Brazil, which was classified into two groups: individuals with and without PD. Demographic, behavioral, follow-up adherence and ART response-related variables were analyzed. Results: Of the 443 patients, 5.4% had a diagnosis of PD. Depression was the most prevalent one (66.6%). Both groups were similar in regard to epidemiological and behavioral variables. Although a higher percentage of patients without PD reported 100% adherence to ART (89.3%), there were no differences when comparing service retention rates, number of ART regimens used, mean CD4 T-lymphocyte levels and presence of undetectable viral load at the last appointment. Patients with PD, however, showed lower CD4 T-lymphocyte increase. Conclusion: The incidence of PD was low, with the most prevalent one being depression. There was no difference regarding ART response when comparing the two groups, except for the magnitude of immune response (CD4 T-lymphocyte increase) of the patients with PD, which was lower.
Fatores para rastreamento tardio do câncer de colo de útero: uma revisão integrativa de literatura
Authors: Cortez Eduardo Nogueira , Costa Laura Laila Sabino , Botelho Stefane Aparecida , Costa Thaís Martins
Published: June 2023

O câncer de colo de útero é uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade entre as mulheres em todo o mundo. O rastreamento precoce desempenha um papel fundamental na detecção e tratamento eficaz da doença. No entanto, muitas mulheres ainda são diagnosticadas tardiamente, o que compromete o prognóstico e as chances de sobrevida. Compreender os fatores que contribuem para o rastreamento tardio é essencial para desenvolver estratégias efetivas de prevenção e controle. Esta revisão integrativa tem como objetivo identificar os principais fatores relacionados ao rastreamento tardio do câncer de colo de útero. Para alcançar tais objetivos, realizou-se uma revisão integrativa de literatura, mediante a pesquisa por artigos completos, publicados nos últimos 10 anos, nas bases de dados Lilacs, Medline e Scielo. A pesquisa realizada permitiu o acesso a 10 artigos, os quais foram lidos na integra e sistematizados, tendo suas contribuições para a resposta à questão problema. Verificou-se que o diagnóstico tardio está associado a fatores socioeconômicos, psicológicos, e de formação de vínculos com a equipe de saúde. Nesse sentido, destaca-se a importância da Atenção Primária à Saúde no enfrentamento a essa realidade.
Stages and Standards of Quality Assurance Planning with Character Strengthening Religious Stackholders at Madrasah Aliyah Plus Az-Zikra Bogor.
Authors: Ibrahim Ruh Halil Ahmad
Published: June 2023

Pendidikan nasional memiliki tanggung jawab untuk mengembangkan segala kecakapan dan kecerdasandalam meninggikan kualitas hidup, dan meninggikan derajat manusia dalam rangka mewujudkan orientasi negara dalam mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa. Kemudian, untuk itu, pengambil legalitas pendidikan di Indonesia memastikan kebutuhan anak di setiap jenjang satuan pendidikan. Tentukan arah pencapaian, ukur kapasitas, evaluasi ketidakpastian, dan tentukan tindakan yang diperlukan untuk mencapainya. Studi ini menggunakan strategi kerja lapangan dan metodologi tinjauan literatur subyektif, terutama eksplorasi, dengan tujuan untuk menggambarkan dan menganalisis ciri-ciri sosial, peluang, pelatihan, mentalitas, kepercayaan, kebijaksanaan, dan pertemuan atau orang. Untuk melacak standar dan klarifikasi yang mengarah ke kesimpulan. Penguatan Karakter Religius  pada Stackholders yang terlibat di Madrasah Aliyah Plus Az-Zikra di antaranya yaitu ,beriman, beribadah dan berakhlakul karimah sebagai asas utama dalam pelaksanaan perencanaan dalam tahapan dan standarisasi jaminan mutu di Madrasah Aliyah Plus Az-Zikra guna mensukseskkan pendidikan di Indonesia menurut UU No 20 Tahun 2003 Tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional.
Теоретико-прикладні питання змісту господарського договору
Authors: КОВАЛЬ ІРИНА , ПАВЛЮЧЕНКО ЮЛІЯ
Published: June 2023

Зміст господарського договору, який є правовою формою опосередкування господарських зв’язків між різними учасниками майново-господарських, організаційно-господарських відносин, має важливе значення як для практичної сфери господарювання, так і для юридичної науки. Статтю присвячено вивченню теоретико-прикладних питань змісту господарського договору.
Метою статті є доопрацювання науково-теоретичного підґрунтя змісту господарського договору в сучасній доктрині господарського права.
Дослідження базується на існуванні тісного зв’язку та впливу теорій господарського договору на розуміння змісту цього договору. Для розкриття питання змісту господарського договору за основу взято тлумачення договору як правочину, як правовідношення та як правового документа. Приділено увагу аналізу законодавства, судової практики та наукової літератури з питання змісту договору у межах цих теорій. Особливу увагу сфокусовано на співвідношенні підходів до розуміння змісту господарського договору, їх практичному втіленні та значенні. Зроблено висновок, що поняття господарського договору як документа, правочину та правовідношення не вступають у конфлікт між собою та не мають внутрішньої суперечності, оскільки договір-документ фіксує і підтверджує наявність договору-правочину, як юридичного факту виникнення договору – зобов’язального правовідношення. Відповідно, умови виконання договірного зобов’язання будуть залежати від умов, визначених у договорі-документі. Проаналізовані законодавчі підходи до закріплення змісту господарського договору, на основі чого зроблено висновок, що положення законів можуть тлумачитись як істотні умови, звичайні умови або положення, які фіксують певну інформацію і знаходять відображення у господарському договорі як документі, проте не належать до умов договору. Приділено увагу питанню реалізації принципу договірної свободи в контексті законності змісту господарського договору. Проаналізовані деякі інші положення, які становлять зміст господарського договору як документа. Самостійну увагу приділено питанню застережень, які також включаються до змісту господарського договору, їх кваліфікації та значенню для господарсько-договірних відносин. У підсумку, зроблено висновки щодо змісту господарського договору як правочину, правовідношення та документа, конкретизовано місце і значення застережень у змісті господарського договору.
Decade-to-decade variations in summer precipitation patterns in eastern China since the 1960s: roles of water vapor transport and sea surface temperature
Authors: Wang P , Song C , Liu Y , Yang G , Wang J , Duan C , Ding Y
Published: June 2023

Based on the observational precipitation data and multiple reanalysis datasets, this study analyzes the decade-to-decade spatiotemporal evolution of anomalous summer precipitation in eastern China (SPEC) for 1961-2019 and explores the roles of water vapor transport and global sea surface temperatures (SSTs). Results show that SPEC patterns in the last 60 yr were mainly classified into 3 categories: dipole (the 1960s and 1970s), tripole (the 1990s) and quadrupole (the 1980s and 2000s), with marked decade-to-decade variations. In the 2010s, the precipitation pattern exhibited a more complex nature. Obvious differences can be detected in the water vapor channels (WVCs) associated with the 3 SPEC patterns. Specifically, the dipole pattern of the SPEC was mainly related to the Pacific Ocean WVC (POW) and the westerly WVC (WW). The tripole pattern was mainly associated with the Tibetan Plateau Southern Side WVC (TPW), the South China Sea WVC, the POW and the WW. The quadrupole pattern was quite clearly correlated with the Indian Ocean WVC, the Bay of Bengal WVC, the TPW, the POW and the WW. Furthermore, the dipole SPEC pattern was correlated with the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO), the Indian Ocean basin mode (IOBM) and the Atlantic multi-decadal oscillation. The tripole and quadrupole patterns were related to the IOBM and PDO, respectively. The PDO has a marked influence on the interdecadal shifting of the SPEC pattern in the late 1970s, favoring the formation of the quadrupole SPEC pattern. However, the decadal shifting of the SPEC pattern in the early 1990s is mainly influenced by the IOBM, which favored the formation of the tripole precipitation pattern.
Metagenomic profile of caudal fin morphology of farmed red sea bream Pagrus major
Authors: Sawayama E , Takahashi M , Kitamura SI
Published: June 2023

The morphology of farm-reared fish often differs from that of their wild counterparts, impacting their market value. Two caudal fin tip shapes, acutely angled and blunted, are recognized in farmed populations of red sea bream Pagrus major. The angled form is preferred by consumers over the blunt since it resembles that of wild fish. Discovering the cause of the blunted tip is crucial to maximizing the commercial value of farmed red sea bream. We hypothesized that the blunt fin tip is the result of opportunistic bacteria and conducted partial 16S rRNA metagenomic barcoding and generated a clone library of the 16S rRNA gene to compare bacterial communities of the 2 fin forms. Metagenomic barcoding revealed an abundance of 5 bacterial genera, Sulfitobacter, Vibrio, Tenacibaculum, Psychrobacter, and an unknown genus of Rhodobacteraceae, on the caudal fin surface. Sulfitobacter was significantly more common on the angled caudal fin than the blunted. Vibrio is the dominant genus on the blunted caudal fin. The clone library identified these genera to species level, and Sulfitobacter sp., Vibrio harveyi, Tenacibaculum maritimum, and Psychrobacter marincola were frequently observed in blunt caudal fins. Our results suggest that opportunistic pathogenic bacteria such as V. harveyi and T. maritimum are not the primary cause of caudal fin malformation, and multiple factors such as combinations of injury, stress, and pathogenic infection may be involved. The reason for the significantly greater occurrence of Sulfitobacter sp. in the angled caudal fin is unknown, and further investigation is needed.
USAFSAM Aeromedical Consultation Service Medical Risk Assessment and Airworthiness Matrix
Authors: Mayes Ryan S. , Keirns Christopher J. , Hicks Amy G. , Menner Luke D. , Lee Maximilian S. , Wagner Joseph H. , Baltzer Robert L.
Published: June 2023

INTRODUCTION: The 1% rule has long been a standard threshold for aerospace medical risk acceptance, but medical literature has noted multiple shortcomings with this threshold. Previous studies have suggested a risk matrix approach in aeromedical decision-making. General use of risk matrices for risk assessment is already codified in the U.S. Air Force (USAF). Based on this, the USAF School of Aerospace Medicine (USAFSAM) Aeromedical Consultation Service (ACS) generated and evaluated the ACS Medical Risk Assessment and Airworthiness Matrix (AMRAAM).

METHODS: The ACS adapted existing USAF standards to build the AMRAAM, gathered expert feedback, and sampled 100 previously adjudicated cases to compare legacy case dispositions to AMRAAM dispositions using polychoric correlation.

RESULTS: The AMRAAM disposition showed strong agreement with legacy dispositions (ρ* = 0.9424). One case was discarded as it did not meet inclusion criteria. Of the 99 remaining cases, 88 had perfect agreement between legacy and AMRAAM dispositions. With the AMRAAM, eight cases were less restrictive and three were more restrictive (two due to an erroneous omission in the legacy disposition).

DISCUSSION: The AMRAAM produces disposition recommendations that are highly consistent with the legacy approach informed by the 1% rule, with discordant AMRAAM dispositions tending to be more permissive. The USAFSAM AMRAAM allows a more dimensional risk evaluation than the 1% rule, communicates aeromedical risk consistent with nonmedical USAF organizations, and harmonizes aeromedical risk with the level of risk the USAF has defined for all flying systems. The ACS will use the AMRAAM as standard practice in future aeromedical risk assessments.

Mayes RS, Keirns CJ, Hicks AG, Menner LD, Lee MS, Wagner JH, Baltzer RL. USAFSAM Aeromedical Consultation Service Medical Risk Assessment and Airworthiness Matrix. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(7):514–522.
Metabolic Cost of a Proposed NMES Spaceflight Countermeasure Compared to Walking in Active Adults
Authors: Abitante Thomas J. , Alemi Mohammad Mehdi , Newman Dava J. , Duda Kevin R.
Published: June 2023

INTRODUCTION: Astronauts exercise to reduce microgravity-induced bone loss, but the resultant skeletal loading may not be sufficient to reduce fracture risk on an extended Mars mission. Adding additional exercise increases the risk of a negative caloric balance. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) induces involuntary muscle contractions, which load the skeleton. The metabolic cost of NMES is not fully understood. On Earth, walking is a common source of skeletal loading. If the metabolic cost of NMES were equal to or less than walking, it could offer a low metabolic cost option for increasing skeletal loading.

METHODS:We measured the oxygen consumed and carbon dioxide produced from 10 subjects during 5-min bouts of walking at 2 mph, 3 mph, and 2 mph on a 6° incline, and of NMES to the legs at duty cycles of 1 s on and 5 s, 4 s, or 3 s off. Metabolic cost was calculated using the Brockway equation and the percent increase above resting for each NMES bout was compared to walking.

RESULTS: Metabolic cost increased 64.9 ± 52.8% from rest in the most intense NMES duty cycle (1 s/3 s) and 120.4 ± 26.5%, 189.3 ± 59.5%, 281.7 ± 66.8%, for the 2 mph, 3 mph, and incline walking, respectively. The metabolic cost did not differ significantly between the three NMES duty cycles.

DISCUSSION: The increase in metabolic cost of the fastest NMES bout was less than that of the slowest walk, indicating that numerous NMES bouts offer a way to increase skeletal loading at a modest metabolic cost. This might allow for more daily skeletal loading cycles, potentially further reducing bone loss.

Abitante TJ, Alemi MM, Newman DJ, Duda KR. Metabolic cost of a proposed NMES spaceflight countermeasure compared to walking in active adults. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(7):523–531.
Selecting Medical Conditions Relevant to Exploration Spaceflight to Create the IMPACT 1.0 Medical Condition List
Authors: Kreykes Amy J. , Suresh Rahul , Levin Dana , Hilmers David C.
Published: June 2023

INTRODUCTION: Medical conditions occurring in spaceflight pose risks to the crew and the mission and these risks will be exacerbated during exploration-class missions. Probabilistic risk assessment is a method used at NASA to quantify this risk for low-Earth orbit operations. Informing Mission Planning via Analysis of Complex Tradespaces (IMPACT) is a next-generation tool suite that will perform these assessments for exploration-class missions. It will require a robust list of medical conditions of significant likelihood and/or consequence to exploration-class missions to accurately inform the tool suite.

METHODS: The IMPACT 1.0 Medical Condition List (ICL 1.0) contains 120 conditions selected in the context of a 210-d cis-lunar, Mars analog design reference mission. The conditions were selected via a systematic process that preserved institutional knowledge from nine prior condition lists. Conditions were prioritized for inclusion in the ICL 1.0 based on history of occurrence in spaceflight, concurrence among the nine source lists, and concurrence among subject matter experts.

DISCUSSION: The ICL 1.0 has notable advantages over its predecessor lists in that it is more specific to exploration-class missions, contains a greater number, breadth, and depth of conditions, and was derived via consensus across multiple medical specialties.

Kreykes AJ, Suresh R, Levin D, Hilmers DC. Selecting medical conditions relevant to exploration spaceflight to create the IMPACT 1.0 Medical Condition List. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(7):550–557.
A Prospective Cohort Study on Risk Factors for Cervico-Thoracic Pain in Military Aircrew
Authors: Tegern Matthias , Aasa Ulrika , Larsson Helena
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: Military aircrew frequently report cervico-thoracic pain and injury. The relationship between risk factors and future pain episodes is, however, uncertain. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for cervico-thoracic pain and to determine the 1-yr cumulative incidence of such pain.

METHODS: A total of 47 Swedish aircrew (fighter and helicopter pilots and rear crew) without pain in the cervico-thoracic region were surveyed about work-related and personal factors and pain prevalence using the Musculoskeletal Screening Protocol questionnaire. They also performed tests of movement control, active cervical range of motion, and isometric neck muscle strength and endurance. Aircrew were followed for a year with questionnaires. Logistic regressions were used to identify potential risk factors for future cervico-thoracic pain.

RESULTS: Previous cervico-thoracic pain (OR: 22.39, CI: 1.79–280.63), lower cervical flexion range of motion (OR: 0.78, CI: 0.64–0.96), and lower neck flexor muscular endurance (OR: 0.91, CI: 0.83–0.99) were identified as risk factors for reporting cervico-thoracic pain. At follow-up, 23.4% (CI: 13.6–37.2) had reported cervico-thoracic pain during the 12-mo follow-up period.

DISCUSSION: The Musculoskeletal Screening Protocol can identify risk factors for cervico-thoracic pain. The link between cervico-thoracic pain and previous pain, as well as lower performance of neck range of motion and muscular endurance, highlights the need for primary and secondary preventive action. The findings from this study can facilitate the development of such pain prevention programs for aircrew.

Tegern M, Aasa U, Larsson H. A prospective cohort study on risk factors for cervico-thoracic pain in military aircrew. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(7):500–507.
Heat Intolerance, Body Size, and Return to Duty
Authors: Rabotin Alexandra , Epstein Yoram , Ketko Itay
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: Exertional heatstroke affects athletes and soldiers and can lead to temporary heat intolerance. The heat tolerance test (HTT) was developed to assist in the return-to-duty decisions of military personnel. Although there are several possible causes for heat intolerance, a soldier who fails the test is prevented from returning to serve in a front-line combat unit, regardless of the underlying reason.

CASE REPORT: A 19-yr-old special infantry male soldier with unremarkable medical history collapsed during an afternoon hand-to-hand combat training session in the gym. The medic on site promptly initiated inefficient tap water cooling and measured a rectal temperature of 38.7 °C; he returned to duty the same evening. A few weeks later, after intensive physical training, he experienced exhaustion during a stretcher-carrying foot march. He was referred by the unit’s physician, who suspected a condition of heat intolerance, to an HTT. The soldier underwent two HTTs, which were found to be positive. Consequently, he was discharged from serving in his infantry unit. No congenital or functional underlying causes could explain the diagnosis of heat intolerance.

DISCUSSION: We discuss the possibility that the only explaining cause for the two positive HTTs was the soldier’s anthropometric measures, particularly the low body surface area to body weight ratio. We raise the question of whether this soldier could have been returned safely to duty.

Rabotin A, Epstein Y, Ketko I. Heat intolerance, body size, and return to duty. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(7):546–549.
Clinical and instrumental specifics of pathology of atlantoaxial region in rheumatic diseases (literature review)
Authors: Garaeva A. R. , Lapshina S. A. , Abdulganieva D. I.
Published: June 2023

The objective of the discussion is clinical and instrumental speciﬁcs of the atlantoaxial region in rheumatic diseases. Pathological changes of the cervical spice are not uncommon in rheumatic diseases. Area of atlantoaxial articulation attracts particular attention, which is discussed rarely by rheumatologists. This review discusses the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) speciﬁc pattern of the atlantoaxial region pathology in rheumatic diseases. The pathogenesis, clinical picture and the craniometric criteria pathology are the areas of concern.

Conclusions. The atlantoaxial region is a complicated anatomical structure. Pathological processes that occur in this area due to rheumatic diseases can manifest severe neurological symptoms. MRI makes it possible to recognize many structural disorders at an early stage. As a result, images of craniometric measurements on MRI allow to timely detect deviations that subsequently lead to serious complications, which could be corrected and prevented.
Role of microbioma in rheumatoid arthritis and possible methods of its correction
Authors: Spitsina S. S. , Tinaeva R. Sh.
Published: June 2023

The human body is densely populated by commensal and symbiotic microorganisms whose genome and ecosystems constitute the microbiome whose presence regulates the development and function of the human immune system. In addition, commensal microorganisms inﬂuence other physiological processes of the host metabolism. Recently, many scientists have emphasized the importance of the microbiome in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including autoimmune diseases. Dysbiosis can adversely affect the immune system both locally and systemically, thereby predisposing to certain pathologies, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA); in which the microbiome already in its early stages differs from that of healthy individuals. The purpose of this review is to examine the studies linking microbiome changes with autoimmune mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of RA and to consider possible methods of their correction.
Los caminos de migrantes que pasan por México: análisis desde la Teoría de Grafos
Authors: Llanos Reynoso Luis Felipe
Published: June 2023

The objective of this research is to update the map of migration routes in Mexico and determine the influential cities, risk zones, and the effects of the 2018 and 2019 caravans. The methodology includes the review of comprehensive documentation and the application of Graph Theory. There are 545 services for migrants (consulates, lodging places, canteens, dispensaries, religious centers, and legal support offices) with which a network of 183 nodes and 720 edges is built. Transit is ordered within a scheme of three interconnected blocks. The cities of Guadalajara, Mazatlán, Ixtepec, and Tenosique stand out as the most influential in the transit of migrants. Shorter routes to the United States always go through at least two danger zones. The results can be used for public policy design on security and information generation.
Las fronteras como dispositivos de desaparición. Una mirada a las desapariciones forzadas transfronterizas entre Colombia y Venezuela
Authors: Páez Meza Sandra Milena , Patiño Idárraga Sandra Eliana , Maldonado Estévez Erika Alejandra
Published: June 2023

This work aims to show how the border between Norte de Santander (Colombia) and the state of Táchira (Venezuela) has been consolidated in the last decade as a disappearance device from a practice that has been called cross-border enforced disappearance. The article develops a contextualization of the economic and violent dynamics that are registered in this territory, which have facilitated the consolidation of this crime. From the analysis of 43 files of reported cases of these disappearances, it is possible to establish their characterization, delimit the actors (victims and perpetrators), and define the intentions circumscribed to this practice. In this way, a dimension is identified that stands out from the conceptual categories of the original disappearance and that exacerbates the violation of the victims by hindering the conditions of the search for truth, justice, and reparation for their families.
Effect of fungal infection on physico-mechanical resistance of WPC made from thermally treated wood/PP
Authors: HOSSEİNİHASHEMİ Seyyed Khalil , ARWİNFAR Farhad
Published: June 2023

The effect of fungal decay on the physico-mechanical characteristics of thermally treated wood flour-plastic composites was determined. Firstly, the wood chips (Fagus orientalis L.) were treated thermally for 30 and 120 minutes at various temperatures (120, 150, and 180 °C) under saturated vapour in a steaming vessel and they were ground by Wiley mill machine. Then, polypropylene, thermally treated wood flour, and MAPP as compatibilizer were used by melt compounding and injection molding process. Some physical and mechanical parameters were measured prior to and after fungal (Trametes versicolor) infection for 6 weeks. The flexural strength, flexural modulus, and impact strength of undecayed and decayed WPCs at 180 °C for 120 min and at 150 °C for 30 min increased, respectively, but the water uptake and thickness swelling of WPCs decreased at 180 °C for 120 min. The wood particles of WPCs treated at 180 °C for 120 minutes had the least mass loss. The mechanical property parameters were reduced after fungal infection. Moreover, the results showed that the moisture sorption and thickness swelling for all formulations of unrotted specimens were significantly lower than that of white-rotted specimens.