bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BIOMARCADORES MOLECULARES DE DOENÇAS HUMANAS: CONCEITOS FUNDAMENTAIS, MODELOS DE ESTUDO E APLICAÇÕES CLÍNICAS
Authors: Zamora-Obando Hans , Godoy Adriana , Amaral Alan , Mesquita Alessandra , Simões Bruna , Reis Heloise , Rocha Isabela , Dallaqua Matheus , Baptistão Mariana , Fernandes Milena , Llima Monica , Simionato Ana Valéria
Published: May 2022

MOLECULAR BIOMARKERS OF HUMAN DISEASE: FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS, RESEARCH MODELS AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS. Molecular biomarkers correspond to all endogenous or exogenous biomolecules, whose presence or alteration in metabolic pathways indicate the response of a biological system to a disturbance caused by internal or external factors. The search for biomarkers has allowed deepening the knowledge of complex pathophysiological mechanisms of diseases, interactions with potential drugs, and the improvement of diagnostic and therapeutic tests, establishing itself as a central point in personalized medicine. In addition, the development of the omics sciences has fostered an increasing exploration in this field of research. This review presents essential and relevant concepts in biomarker research, explores the various definitions and classifications of biomarkers according to their purpose, the critical aspects to be considered in experimental design, the primary employed study models (in vivo, in vitro, and in silico) and the factors that have hindered their ultimate implementation. Finally, important, and current clinical and pharmacological research areas in which biomarker research play a central role are presented.
Incompleteness of information on the housing market under construction
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Tsyganov Alexander , Bryzgalov Denis ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

The article analyzes the contradictions that have developed in the modern market for shared construction associated with the introduction and implementation of escrow accounts. The regulatory system that has developed in Russia by 2020 does not solve all the problems of incomplete information when deciding on the purchase of housing. It is shown that the development of the market for housing under construction and more effective participation of citizens in shared construction are constrained by the incompleteness of information that remains in the Russian primary real estate market — an insufficient level of knowledge about the construction object, the existing mechanisms of financial guarantees for the fulfillment of obligations by developers and about credible sources of information about their activities. It is assumed that this “market failure” should become the subject of state regulation in terms of creating modern information resources and a task in the policy of increasing the financial literacy of the population. The presence and influence of incompleteness of information among citizens — potential buyers of real estate in terms of insufficient information about the object and possible tools for protecting investments in new construction — are proved, mechanisms for overcoming the incompleteness of information are proposed. It was found that in modern Russian conditions, the continuing incompleteness of information among buyers in the shared construction market, and the dominant position of developers contributes to the preservation of citizens’ distrust in equity participation instruments and prevents the achievement of strategic goals for the provision and affordability of housing.
International trading system: Up the down staircase?
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Koval Alexandra , Gamboa-Alder Alejandro ,   World Trade Organization, van Gorp Désirée Maria ,   Nyenrode Business University, Sutyrin Sergei ,   St. Petersburg State University, Sánchez Carlos Uriarte ,   Rey Juan Carlos University
Published: May 2022

The future of the international trading system under modern challenges is uncertain. The surge of protectionism, the re-balancing of power between nations, and a recent pandemic along with expanding digitalization demonstrate the necessity of rethinking global trade governance. The paper aims to reveal the key challenges of modern international trading system and provide possible ways to address them. Participants in the debate indicated that protectionism inevitably remains in modern trade policy, although liberalization and multilateral trade talks could provide incentives for more fair trade. The global interconnectivity in the framework of global value chains requires a new trade agenda. It is clear that states, especially in modern circumstances, primarily defend their national interests. However, strategically all WTO members will benefit from the development of multilateral cooperation. The responsibility of national policy makers and companies, especially those most powerful, is to maintain sustainable economic development. COVID-19 made more evident the core problems of the development of the international trading system. It has also provoked “pandemic-specific” protectionism, which should be taken into account in future developments of global governance. Digital technologies will certainly re-shape the modern structure of international trade, regardless of whether it happens in a revolutionary or evolutionary manner. The globalization leads to the digital divide among nations and the necessity to adjust the national policies. The World Trade Organization is not obliged to cope with all these issues, but its members are.
Post-Brexit France: French Renaissance or loss of geopolitical influence?
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Ivannikov Igor , Chernov Igor ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: May 2022

Brexit has become a catalyst for major political change in the modern world. This article analyzes the consequences Brexit had on France’s foreign policy position and its status as a “great power”. In chess, the “English Gambit” is known, in which a player sacrifices his piece to gain a strategic advantage. Will France be able to play its English Gambit after the British exit from the EU? In the modern world, the concept of a “great power” primarily presupposes the ability of the country to exert a serious influence on the most important global decisions. For a long time, France has not been able to act alone in the international arena and relies on its influence in the EU to achieve its goals. Therefore, it is obvious that Britain’s withdrawal from the forming the “European pole” of world politics was a serious blow both to the EU and to France. Of course, in the analysis of international relations “after something” does not always mean “as a result of something”, but in 2020–2021, a significant number of facts can be noted that testify to the negative impact of Brexit on the role of France in Europe and the world in general. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of Britain’s exit from the EU on France’s political role in the European Union and, in general, on France’s global importance as a great power. The authors use comparative analysis, structural-functional method, etc. The empirical basis of the study was made up of media materials, statements and speeches of contemporary politicians, and documents of foreign policy institutions of France and the EU.
The extreme left and foreign policy: The “Altermondialist project” by J.-L. Mélenchon
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, Shmelev Dmitry
Published: May 2022

The constant presence of the extreme left in media space and its active political role in the life of modern France contribute to the development and presentation of its own foreign policy project to voters. One of its brightest representatives is the “La France insoumise” movement and its leader J.-L. Mélenchon, author of several books, mastermind of the Internet platform and personal blog, and presidential candidate. The program of “La France insoumise” is mainly addressed to domestic political problems. However, it contains analyses and proposals about the most relevant aspects of foreign policy, combined under the conditional name “altermondialist project.” In the foreign policy program of “La France insoumise,” three important aspects can be distinguished, which this article explores: attitudes to the functioning and basic principles of the European Union, geopolitics, and the place of France in the modern world, “political Francophonie.” Attention to these problems stems from the specifics of left-wing political culture, the traditional attention of the left to the problems of European integration, colonialism, democracy, and human rights. At the same time, in Mélenchon’s program we see references from the Gaullist heritage and foreign policy experience of the Fifth Republic. Mélenchon’s “altermondialism” does not imply the renunciation of national sovereignty or the nation-state, just as it recognizes the inevitability of globalization. In the spirit of the extreme left, he criticizes its neoliberal version, offering his own version of world reconstruction. The published policy documents and brochures of “La France insoumise,” as well as interviews and reflections of its leader, allow us to build a complete picture of an alternative foreign policy program of the extreme left, which was originally presented at the presidential elections in 2012 and 2017, and then, in an updated version, was prepared for the upcoming presidential elections in 2022.
The French left and Russia: History and modernity
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Kostiuk Ruslan
Published: May 2022

The article analyzes approaches of France’s leading left forces towards Russia (USSR) from beginning of the 20th century to the present. At beginning of the twentieth century, almost all parts of the French left expressed hatred of the Russian monarchy and, at the same time, solidarity with the struggle of democratic and socialist forces in Russia for freedom and a republic. The question of the attitude to Soviet Russia played a central role in the historic split of the SFIO in 1920 and in the future for decades to come; “the Soviet question” was the line of the watershed between the two leading French left-wing parties, SFIO (SP) and FCP. If the communists from the very creation of the Party took a position of total solidarity with Soviet internal and foreign policy, the socialists, speaking for the development of equal and friendly relations with the Soviet Union, criticized domestic political realities of the Soviet Union and Moscow’s foreign policy. The collapse of the USSR led to serious changes in the perception of Russia in French leftist circles of France. The French left was characterized by an ambiguous attitude towards Boris Yeltsin’s policies. As before, the French left is expressing its sympathy for the Russian people. However, in general, most of the French left movement at present negatively evaluates the socio-economic and domestic political evolution of Russia, as well as Moscow’s foreign policy in the first two decades of the 21st century. First, this applies to positions of the socialists and the Greens. The Communist Party opposes the dignity to the insulating pressure on Moscow. For their part, politicians and power related to left populist and left patriotic direction see Russia as a strategic ally in the struggle for more equitable international relations.
Russia and France: Features of cultural dialogue at the beginning of the 21st century
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Nikolaeva Julia
Published: May 2022

This article investigates contemporary Russian and French cultural relations and peculiarities and new formats of cultural interaction between Russia and France. At the beginning of the 21st century, the cultural contacts of these countries were enriched by new interesting forms based on two basic principles: the scale of the event and the dialog principle of its organization. These two new principles could not be better embodied in such a new form of cultural exchange as cultural cross-years, which since 2010 have been regularly included in cultural exchanges between Russia and France. Russia and France have successfully held a cross-year of cultural, linguistic, and literary exchanges, as well as cultural tourism, regional cooperation, etc. Along with the emergence of new forms of Russian and French cultural ties at the beginning of the 21st century, there is a noticeable expansion of their actors, primarily due to the involvement of civil society, regions, and public organizations in the dialog. These actors conduct much work aimed at the decentralization of cultural ties, allowing them to actively develop in the extra-state plane. New ideas are also emerging, such as the twinning not only cities, but also of individual cultural monuments. The pandemic has brought many novel forms and ideas related to the organization of cultural events based on digital, remote, and online technologies into Russian and French cultural ties. This allowed Russia and France to keep cultural ties without significant losses and developing communication under quarantine restrictions. The conclusions drawn by the author of the article allow us to state that sanctions and political differences have not seriously affected Russian and French cultural ties. They proved resilient when faced with the serious challenges brought by the 21st century.
On the interpretation of the soil concept in the works of the senior Slavophiles and in the socio-political program of F.M.Dostoevsky in the 1860–1870s
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Barsht Konstantin A.
Published: May 2022

The article analyzes the genesis and internal structure of the “soil” concept in the works of F.M.Dostoevsky and of various Slavophiles: A. S.Khomyakov, I.V.Kireevsky, Yu.F. Samarin, and other writers in the sphere of Dostoevsky’s interests in 1850–1870: A.I.Herzen, A.A.Grigoriev, N.N. Strakhov, Archimandrite Theodore (A.M.Bukharev), and others. The author traces the conditions under which the magazine Vremya was created and explores why the ideology of “pochvennichestvo” was unclear to the Russian public, including some of its supporters (N.N. Strakhov). The author assumes that this idea can be traced from early letters to brother Mikhail (1838), to the “Pushkin Speech” (1880), and to the novel The Brothers Karamazov. The author criticizes claims about a new unwritten novel dedicated to the further path of Alyosha Karamazov, where, according to the “Diary” of A. S. Suvorin, he would have become a revolutionary. The author concludes that there is a deep unity linking Dostoevsky’s ideal of “pochvennichestvo” and the root idea of his literary work, which can be defined as mental searching for an answer to the question of the meaning of life, with the assertion of a direct dependence between moral state of a human being and his religious — ontological position.
Narratology and ethics
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Tiupa Valerij I.
Published: May 2022

The article deals with the little-studied narratological category of “ethos” of narration, introduced into narratology by the developing “neorhetoric”. The author assumes that contemporary narratology has as its subject the formation and retranslation of the event experience of personal presence in the world. The article argues that the ethical potential of narratology lies not in the discussion of moral values, but in the identification of moral dominants to which a particular narrative corresponds. This aspect of narrative practices, first proposed by Paul Ricoeur, is examined in the historical perspective of the formation and change of the dominant narrative pictures of the world in culture: precedent, imperative, occasional (adventurous), and probabilistic. This makes it possible to identify four basic ethos — peace, duty, desire, and conscience — in the course of the historically natural (phasic) emergence of narrative from myth and its further development. Belonging to one of the narrative ethos under consideration is a profound characteristic of the narrative work, the least studied so far. It is erroneous to judge a narrative ethos on the basis of the ethical reasoning of the narrator or the characters. The main mechanism for generating narrative meaning is intrigue: not as a plot scheme, but as a specific chain of episodes in their constructive delimitations and couplings, realized by the focalization and verbalization of the text. In this respect, narratology should not forget the literary experience of the aesthetic analysis of artistic masterpieces. The analytical argumentation is illustrated in the article with references to folklore, literary and biblical texts of various speech genres.
About one of the possible source of The Tale of Tsarevich Svetomir by Viacheslav Ivanov
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Fetisenko Olga L.
Published: May 2022

The Tale of Tsarevich Svetomir by Vyacheslav Ivanovich Ivanov nowadays looks like a thoroughly researched work. Many of the pretexts of this long poem have been studied, various reminiscences and allusive layers have been revealed, and mythopoetic motives have been analyzed. Readers and researchers have shown great interest in the poem’s unusual discursive structure and the orientation of its language towards the Church Slavonic Bible and Old Russian literature, as well as the form of rhythmic prose chosen by the author, reminiscent of old French verses. However, the pattern of such prose can be found closer, in Russian literature of the 19th century. In a similar way, the narration is organized in one of the works of a writer close to the Slavophiles, Kokhanovskaya (Nadezhda S. Sokhanskaya, 1823–1884). Upon careful reading, her story “Roy-Theodosii Savvich during His Retirement” (1864) turns out, to be close to Vyacheslav Ivanov’s legend, not only rhythmically and phonetically, but also in terms of the system of images performing similar functions in both works. The coincidence of these two factors allows one to consider this half-forgotten work as one of the possible sources of the symbolist writer’s poem.
The prospective in Spanish: Forms, semantics, pragmatics (part 2)
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Gorbova Elena V.
Published: May 2022

Based on corpus data, the paper discusses three Spanish infinitive constructions with prospective meaning: two constructions with the verb of location estar and one with the verb of movement ir: , and . A new approach is applied that views these constructions as a means of expressing the grammeme of the prospective in Spanish. The first part of the article contains an overview of the results of a corpus study of all three constructions, which aims to clarify both diachronic and synchronic issues of the simultaneous functioning of three different means of expressing prospective semantics, their frequency, as well as the distribution of each construction in the Spanish-speaking area. The first part also offers a detailed comparative analysis of the semantics of two infinitive constructions with estar. It begins with the establishment of a characteristic restriction for both constructions on filling the infinitive slot with atelic lexemes (which makes them different from the construction with the motion verb) and ends with the proposed interpretations of the semantics of both constructions with the verb of location. The second part of the paper, based on a review of descriptive grammars, theories, and corpus research, discusses the prospective construction with the verb of movement ir, and (based on results of a corpus study of all three constructions) proposes a description of the prospective zone in Spanish from the position of General, i. e. typologically oriented, Morphology, and Grammatical Semantics.
The phonetic realization of Russian pitch accents in contrastive questions and enumeration contexts
Authors:   Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Duryagin Pavel V.
Published: May 2022

This paper presents the results of a phonetic experiment that compares the acoustic features of rising pitch configurations used in contrastive questions and on non-last elements of a list in enumeration contexts in Russian. 23 native Russian speakers were instructed to read aloud pairs of stimuli with similar segmental structure embedded in larger texts. Significant differences were found between the two syntactic context conditions. In enumeration contexts, both local minima and maxima associated with the prominent syllable had a significantly earlier and more stable alignment, and the slope of the rise between the tonal targets was steeper. In addition, the effect of the speech rate on these acoustic features was tested. The effects of fast and slow reading turned out to be asymmetric. In line with the segmental anchoring hypothesis, no significant effect of fast speech rate on alignment and pitch range was found; only the effect on slope was significant. Conversely, while reading the texts intentionally slowly the participants consistently used melodies with later alignment of local minima and maxima and larger pitch range. On the one hand, these data can be indicative of the interchangeability of stylistically marked pitch accent postulated for the incompleteness contexts in traditional descriptions of Russian intonation. On the other hand, this interpretation cannot account for the fact that the rightward shift in alignment in slow tempo was also found in the contrastive question condition.
Interdependence of expert categories and automated metrics applied to evaluate translation quality
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Sosnin Alexey V. , Balakina Julia V. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Kashikhin Andrey N. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics
Published: May 2022

The article evaluates the quality of translation; we consider the applied and pragmatic aspects of such evaluation in the conditions of the current rapid increase in the number of texts to be translated. The article summarizes a plethora of assessment principles, each having its merits and drawbacks, and examines the correlation between the categories of adequacy and equivalence as the basic assessment parameters. We conclude that equivalence is oriented towards the result of translation, whereas adequacy indicates whether translation as process corresponds to the communicative situation given. Adequacy is thus viewed as a discursive feature. The article also looks into the possibility of applying these assessment criteria to automated evaluation of translation quality, and compares the specific computer metrics or, algorithms: Cosine Similarity, Word Error Rate, BLEU, ROUGE, NIST, METEOR. We analyze the potential for applying these metrics to man-made rather than machine translated. The n-gram metric for evaluation of translation with explicit ordering Meteor is the most efficient algorithm; however, it can only be applied advantageously to formal standardized texts. The article points out that literary translation can hardly be evaluated on the basis of n-gram correspondences due to it characteristic feature: ample use of non-equivalent units even at the sentence level. The purely mathematical procedures overviewed in the article cannot serve as linguistic meta-models of assessment unless supplemented with syntactic and semantic algorithms.
Nikolay Gumilyov’s toponymical epithets
Authors:   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Fedotova Kseniia S.
Published: May 2022

This article analyzes functions and semantics of epithets pertaining to geographical names (topopoetonyms) in Gumilyov's poems. Among 206 proper names and 77 epithets are definitions containing emotional assessment: crazy Africa (“Love Island”), kingly Niger (“Niger”) and color characteristics: golden Baghdad (“Pilgrim”), green Siberia (“Sahara”) prevailed. The epithet in genitival constructions usually refers to the main word of the nominal group: Tsargrad's golden gate (“Sweden”), green waves of the Euphrates (“Adam's Dream”), but in the periphrases it can be given to a geographical name: the queen of boundless Rus (i. e. Moscow, “Muzhik”). The analysis of the most common definitions (distant, remote; ancient; mysterious) showed that the epithet in the poetic text conveys several dictionary meanings, and its semantics are befogged by contextual connotations. Thus, the epithet distant to the topopoetonym Siberia (“Modernity”) express the idea of ​​remoteness both in time and space, while the image of Siberia opens up a special space of poetic world — a place where the past continues in the present. In the poem “Galla”, the idea of ​​opposing different cultures, is conveyed through the image of remote and wild Russia, as it is presented through the voice of a teacher of Islam. The definition ancient (“Words to Davydov's music”, “Rhodes”) in Gumilyov's poems also creates a temporal perspective of poetic description, has a positive connotation referring to high importance of the object designated by the topopoetonym, while the epithet mysterious (e. g. Rus, the poem “Old estates”) has an additional meaning — ‘associated with sacrament’.
Phonological and graphic representations of words in mental lexicon: Homophone processing while reading
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Chernova Daria A.
Published: May 2022

This article presents an experimental study of the role of phonological representation of the word in lexical access during silent reading in Russian. The the phonological component in reading (i. e. whether semantics can be accessed via phonological decoding or directly from the orthographic image of the word) is actively discussed in modern psycholinguistics. Homophones can serve as a testing ground for these hypotheses: if graphemes are decoded into phonemes in silent reading in order to access semantics, then homophones will be processed like homonyms, but if semantics are accessed directly from the visual representation of the word, then homophones can be treated as all other orthographic neighbors. We address Russian homophones in order to investigate this question. In a self-paced reading experiment, we show that if a target word is substituted either by a homophone or a spelling control (an orthographic neighbor), semantic incongruence slows down the processing of the post-target region. We show that both homophones and spelling controls cause this processing load, and homophony does not facilitate the processing of semantically incongruent word. Our data give evidence for direct visual access to entries in mental lexicon as dual-route model predicts for experienced readers.
The legacy of Sea Island Creole English: Sociolinguistic features of Gullah
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Sebryuk Anna N.
Published: May 2022

This paper builds on the renewed interest in preserving the multiethnic origins of the United States and recognizing a profound impact of the Black experience on the American nation. The article centers on the Gullah language, one of the primary roots of modern African American English and the only remaining English-related Creole language in North America. The pidgin language, which originally evolved as a medium of communication between slaves from various regions of Africa and their owners, is still spoken by Black communities across coastal regions of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida. While inland African American English (AAE) has received much attention in linguistic circles over past decades, relatively little research has been done on varieties of AAE spoken in the rural American South. The purpose of this paper is to re-examine the origin and history of Gullah and to present a linguistic description of its most peculiar features. The Gullah language represents a combination of English and Central and West African languages. Geographical isolation, predominance of the Black population, and social and economic independence contributed to its development and survival. Also, in contrast with inland African Americans, the Gullah Geechee communities historically have had little contact with whites. Several folktales written in Gullah have been analyzed for discussing its persistent patterns. Characterizing Gullah is important for our increased understanding of the origins of AAE. Therefore, the article will be useful for scholars interested in Atlantic creoles and in African American and Diaspora Studies.
Discursive worldview of convergent radio: The aspects of axiological modeling
Authors:   Tomsk State Pedagogical University, Ermolenkina Larisa I.
Published: May 2022

The article describes the linguistic and communicative effects of convergent radio, which combines technological and sociocultural features of the Internet and analogue broadcasting. The article is focused on the discursive realization specifics of technological and sociocultural phenomenon — convergent radio. The process combining different media platforms has provoked the interest of linguists in the way of implementing linguistic and communicative structures within the boundaries of discursive media practice. This study addresses the thesis on the status of information constructed in social network discourse in the process of communicative interaction of users. The possibility of self-expression and formation of the addressee`s identity indicates a change in his role as a passive subject (the recipient of information). The user of a radio network resource becomes an active subject of discourse and creates its semantic space. The discourse of convergent radio offers the subject a greater degree of freedom in resource management and communication, but at the same time determines the nature of these actions, realizing their goals and strategies. The method of qualitative critical discourse analysis, aimed at identifying ways of organizing dialogic interaction and mechanisms for managing the speech activity of subjects of communication, makes it possible to identify the specifics of value modeling within the boundaries of discursive media practice. This work deepens the problem of axiological modeling of media pictures of the world, which are considered not only in the aspect of images broadcast by the authors of media texts, but also from the point of view of those meanings that are formed in the processes of communicative interaction of addressees. The allocation of the dynamic, activity aspect of the formation of the media worldview presupposes the consideration as a key unit of analysis of communication fragments of the addressees-users.
A film discourse on emotions, exemplified by the Pete Docter’s animated film for children “Inside Out”
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Trysińska Magdalena
Published: May 2022

This paper discusses the conceptualization of anthropomorphized emotions in children’s animated films, using the example of the Polish (dubbed) version of Pete Docter’s production Inside Out (2015). This is a new issue that has not been developed in the fields of film studies, linguistics, and media linguistics. It is placed in the wider context of film discourse, with particular emphasis on the visual-verbal layer and educational function. In a film treated as a media message, all dimensions of film discourse are fulfilled. The basic research unit is a statement extracted from an audio track, functioning in a specific situational context and associated with a visual code. Children perceive the world filtered by characters’ experiences, knowledge, and emotions. They accept their point of view, which is revealed both in visual and verbal layers. The audiovisual nature of the message forces us to adopt a broad multimodal research perspective. Since the research has an interdisciplinary nature and is within the framework of media linguistics, attention is focused on those elements of cinematic work that the viewer (child) is able to decode: the narrator’s person, the coexistence of visual and verbal codes, and the principle of contrast. The elements indicated interpenetrate and thus create an integral cinematic picture of emotions. The analysis showed that the film fits into the medial (cinematic) discourse about emotions. Due to its audiovisual capabilities, it has great potential in demonstrating and explaining complex emotional states, often difficult to understand by the intended recipient of the film. Its uniqueness is evidenced by the fact that it does not so much appeal to the emotional sphere of the child audience, but anthropomorphizes emotions. It depicts the world and situations that are impossible to imagine due to child-specific cognitive deficits.
Reflection of the author’s idiostyle in the program “Twelve” by Sergei Shargunov
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Bolotnova Nina S.
Published: May 2022

The aim of the article is an analysis of the author’s TV program by Sergei Shargunov in the aspect of idiostyle of announcer’s language personality. The program is considered as audiovisual and speech media content, which is a hypertext reflecting the syncretism of speech genres of news, interview, and reportage. The typical and individual author’s features of the television program “Twelve” on the Russia — 24 channel have been established. Typical features include: positioning the author in the title of the program, multimedia, polydiscursiveness, intertextuality, compositional unity, repetition of the beginning and ending, temporality, thematic unity, social evaluativeness, genre syncretism, cultural, educational and propaganda orientation, a focus on confidentiality of communication with the mass addressee, and an emphasis on acute social problems. The idiostyle specificity of the author’s media discourse as a syncretic informational and media linguistic personality, including speech, communicative, and cognitive features, is revealed. These features reflect the different social, professional, and communicative roles of the author as a writer, journalist, public figure, politician and are implemented in targeting a wide audience of listeners and viewers according to the socially significant topics, their ideological assessment, and skill of the art of speech. The announcer’s idiostyle manifestations at the speech level are associated with his belonging to the person of the elite type of speech culture. At the communicative level, the author of the “Twelve” program is characterized by a restrained-intelligent communicative style, the desire for confidential communication thanks to the strategy of natural simplicity with use of colloquial syntax and neutral vocabulary. From an extralinguistic point of view, the presenter is characterized by an intelligent appearance (clothes, hairstyle), restrained but expressive gestures and facial expressions that reflect interest; quiet voice with a pleasant timbre; clarity of diction. The cognitive features can be characterized as a synthesis of rational and metaphorical cognitive substyles.
The influence of inlet to outlet width ratio on The hydraulic performance of piano key weir (PKW-type A)
Authors: Mero Shimal Khalid , Haleem Dilshad Abdul Jabbar , Yousif Ali Abduljabbar
Published: May 2022

A piano key weir (PKW) is a modified version of non-linear weirs and it can be obtained via amending the centerline length of the weir by a small footprint. It is developed to increase the hydraulic performance of the linear weirs via increasing the pass discharge and the energy dissipation. A laboratory investigation is conducted on five physical PKW (Type A) models to investigate the effect of inlet to outlet width ratio (Wi/Wo) on the hydraulic performance of PKWs. The results showed that the (Wi/Wo) ratio has a predominant influence on the hydraulic performance of PKW. It was found out that the best hydraulic performance was obtained with Wi/Wo ratio equal to 1.25 among other investigated Wi/Wo ratios because the discharge coefficient was the highest for the given discharge and head. Further, the results revealed that the variation of Wi/Wo ratio from 1.25 had a negative impact on both discharge coefficient and efficiency. It was found out that the percentages of reduction in discharge coefficient when Wi/Wo=0.8, 1, 1.5% and 2 were 11%, 6%, 2% and 8%, respectively in comparison with the Wi/Wo=1.25. Similarly, for these Wi/Wo ratios, the percentages of reduction in discharge decrease by 11%, 6.5%, 2.35% and 9%, respectively, relatively to Wi/Wo=1.25. The linear regression equations' coefficients for the PKW models varied from 0.983 to 0.994, which means the performance of the models are good for the given Wi/Wo ratios.
The impact of yield uncertainty on planting and water-saving decisions for high water consumption crops
Authors: Ding Jianpeng , Chen Liuxin , Deng Menghua
Published: May 2022

In this study, we propose an optimization-simulation approach to investigate the impact of yield uncertainty on the farmer's decisions for planting high water consumption crops. In addition, the influence of the subsidy programs provided by the government has also been investigated. We consider two different subsidy programs: one is the planting acreage subsidy (PAS) program; the other is the water-saving effort subsidy (WES) program. For each program, we have derived the optimal decisions for the farmer and the government. Furthermore, we investigated the impact of yield uncertainty on the farmer's profit, consumer surplus and social welfare, by numerical experiments. We show that the PAS program can bring greater improvements to the farmer's profit, consumer surplus and social welfare than the WES program, but it leads to higher government expenditure.
Direito ao esquecimento e sua representação
Authors: Silveira Rogério Zanon da , Miguel Marcelo Calderari , Lima Jonatan Lappa de
Published: May 2022

Estudo realizado com três diretores de Arquivos Públicos municipais no Estado do Espírito Santo, que tomam a memória e o esquecimento como protagonistas do processo dinâmico da cultura popular. Busca-se regatar a percepção sobre o direito ao esquecimento, e de como a essa temática repercute em termos de sentidos sociais amplos. A figuração do esquecimento o torna um direito questionável. Assim, pretende-se entender a representação desse contexto na infoera. O diagnóstico é interpretado à luz da etnometodologia corrente: indivíduos constroem a realidade social em que estão inseridos. Os resultados mostram as introjeções de saberes dos dirigentes de arquivos com relação ao direito ao esquecimento nas vias do método de história oral de vida, trazendo relatos de alguns personagens marcantes na correlação desse tema. Conclui que o direito ao esquecimento, perante o período da pandemia da Covid-19, pauta provocações vastas e envolve a democracia e a liberdade de impressa, a comunicação sócio-digital, a privacidade e as questões éticas e o situar da responsabilidade social.
CONSTRUYENDO LA PRAXIS TEOLÓGICA EN TENSIÓN CON LA SOCIEDAD
Authors:   Fraternidad Teológica Latinoamericana núcleo Concepción. Chile, Contreras Opazo Andrés
Published: May 2022

El accionar de la praxis teológica siempre tiene una fuerte cercanía con lo que ocurre al interior de una sociedad posmoderna y pluralista, donde los cambios ideológicos y epistemológicos van abriendo caminos de co-construcción de elementos que hacen que el quehacer teológico, vaya tomando forma orientado siempre hacia una ortopraxis de acción, donde lo teológico provoque cambios y pensamiento crítico ante los acontecimientos sociales, y de cómo estos últimos, van generando una tensión dialéctica en como acceder a una mayor y mejor humanidad, donde el ser humano construya identidad y libertad para vivir en lo conﬂictivo de la sociedad. Esta cercanía y apertura de lo teológico hacia la sociedad, facilita que el diálogo teológico se abra democráticamente a escuchar como la signiﬁcación y simbolización de lo divino, se acercan a lo humano desde una cristología que toma en cuenta al ser humano vulnerable que habita el accionar de la sociedad.
TORO, J. M de, M. Gloël, La Iglesia en La Historia Moderna y Contemporánea: Aspectos Europeos y Americanos, Editorial Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, 2019, 203 pp. ISBN: 978-956-7943-97-5
Authors:   Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción. Concepción-Chile, Gómez Mendoza Manuel Gerardo
Published: May 2022

La historia de la Iglesia poco a poco se enriquece con nuevas contribuciones, los estudios de los siglos XIX y XX se destacaron por las ediciones de los clásicos manuales y posteriormente surgieron contribuciones de carácter sistemático con temáticas específicas. Un aporte importante que suma a los estudios sistemáticos a la Historia de la Iglesia es el libro “La Iglesia en La Historia Moderna y Contemporánea: Aspectos Europeos y Americanos” editado por José Miguel de Toro y Matthias Gloël.
LA IMPORTANCIA DE LA CONCEPCIÓN DE LA NUEVA TEOLOGÍA POLÍTICA DE JOHANN BAPTIST METZ Y SUS IMPLICANCIAS EN EL CONCILIO VATICANO II Y EN EL “DOCUMENTO DE MEDELLÍN”
Authors:   Universidad Federal de Ouro Preto, Quinchía Castañeda Yenni Andrea
Published: May 2022

El sentido del sufrimiento en su relación con una cultura de la memoria y una historia de esperanza atraviesan la visión escatológica propia del cristianismo, que parte por fundar una justicia ilimitada y que alcanza tanto los sufrimientos del presente como los del pasado. El sufrimiento y la pasión en sentido cristiano, presentes en dicha escatología, actualizan el problema de la teodicea en la doctrina judeo-cristiana, central en las discusiones planteadas en el Concilio Vaticano II y retomadas en la nueva concepción pastoral de la iglesia, siendo el Documento de Medellín protagonista en la fundación y construcción de esta nueva iglesia de carácter universal y policéntrica. La teología en su especial responsabilidad frente al problema de la teodicea, en estos tiempos de olvido de Dios, debe reconocer y hacer frente a la crisis epistemológica y práxica por la que atraviesa, esto es, el problema de la verdad en su relación con el problema de la justicia y el mensaje sobre Dios. Crisis que actualiza el problema del sujeto ilustrado, del exégeta y del creyente y el problema de la iglesia Universal para responder, desde los retos del presente a la misión encomendada a la Iglesia desde el evangelio de Jesús.
VOCES JÓVENES EN LOS AMBIENTES JUVENILES CRISTIANOS DURANTE LA PANDEMIA
Authors:   Universidad Pontificia Católica de Chile, Cabrera Reyes Heriberto Luis
Published: May 2022

Esta investigación es una contribución teológica y pastoral, al análisis e interpretación, de la participación de los jóvenes cristianos en tiempo de COVID-19. Nos preguntamos: ¿dónde estaban los jóvenes cristianos durante la pandemia? y ¿qué estaban diciendo con estas “prácticas” a la Iglesia? Este trabajo, en cuatro etapas, presenta en cuatro etapas: un marco teórico; la metodología de implementación y de construcción de instrumentos; una presentación de los resultados parciales; una primera interpretación teológica de lo que estas “prácticas” dicen a la teología, a la pastoral, a la Iglesia en general y a la jerarquía en particular. El análisis teológico utiliza el método correlativo critico de David Tracy. Poniendo de un lado en diálogo la entre fractura de los jóvenes y la Iglesia, junto a la participación regeneradora y misionera de los jóvenes, y por otro lado con dos textos bíblicos: el buen Samaritano (Lc 10, 25-37) y la multiplicación de los panes (Jn 6, 1-15). Aparece como evidente de este trabajo que detenerse y responsabilizar a los jóvenes puede hacer una gran diferencia.
EL MÉTODO DE OVULACIÓN BILLINGS Y SU APORTE ESPECÍFICO A LA PLANIFICACIÓN FAMILIAR
Authors:   Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Bustamante Barahona Pía
Published: May 2022

La planificación familiar es un tema de gran relevancia social y religiosa. Las políticas sociales, por su parte, consideran la fecundidad por su directa relación con la cultura, la economía, la planificación y el desarrollo de un país. También, la Iglesia Católica considera este aspecto para el acompañamiento y asesoramiento integral a las familias católicas. Este artículo busca presentar un método de planificación familiar natural, llamado Método de Ovulación Billings (MOB), y su relación con la doctrina católica sobre la familia. El tema se presenta en tres secciones, la primera presenta el Método de Ovulación Billings, su origen, estudios que lo avalan y cómo se constituyen sus organizaciones a nivel internacional. Luego se presenta el abordaje de la procreación y la planificación familiar, según los documentos del Magisterio de la Iglesia. Para terminar, se analiza el Método de Ovulación Billings y su aporte práctico a la doctrina católica.
Integration of Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Technology Reveals the Mechanism of the Therapeutic Effect of Xixin Decoction on Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Zhang Zhuo , Shi Jing , Xu Jianglin , Ma Suya , Lin Nan , Hou Minzhe , Wei Mingqing , Li Ting
Published: May 2022

Background:

So far, only a few researchers have systematically analyzed the constituents of the traditional Chinese medicine prescription Xixin Decoction (XXD) and its potential mechanism of action in treating Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study aimed to explore the potential mechanism of XXD in the treatment of AD using network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Methods:

The compounds of XXD were searched within the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database (TCMSP) and the Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Database (TCMID) databases. Overlapping AD-related targets obtained from the two databases and the predicted targets of XXD obtained from SwissTargetPrediction platform were imported into the STRING database to build PPI networks including hub targets; Cytoscape software was used to construct the herb-compound-target network while its plug-in CytoNCA was used to screen the main active compounds of XXD. Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses explored the core biological mechanism and pathways via the Metascape platform. In addition, we used AutoDock Vina and PyMOL software to investigate the molecular docking of main compounds to hub targets.

Results:

We determined 114 active compounds, 973 drug targets, and 973 disease targets. However, intersection analysis screened out 208 shared targets.Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network identified 9 hub targets. The hub targets were found to be majorly enriched in several biological processes (positive regulation of kinase activity, positive regulation of cell death, regulation of MAPK cascade, trans-synaptic signaling, synaptic signaling, etc.) and the relevant pathways of Alzheimer's disease, including neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, dopaminergic synapse, serotonergic synapse, and the MAPK signaling pathway, etc. The pathway-target-compound network of XXD for treating AD was then constructed. 8 hub targets exhibited good binding activity with 9 main active compounds of XXD in molecular docking.

Conclusion:

In this study, we found multi-compound-multi-target-multi-pathway regulation to reveal the mechanism of XXD for treating AD based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. XXD may play a therapeutic role through regulating the Alzheimer's disease pathway, its downstream PI3K/Akt signaling pathway or the MAPK signaling pathway, thereby treating AD. This provides new insights for further experiments on the pharmacological effects of XXD.