Nanotechnology in the diagnosis of bacterial infection: current trends, challenges and future prospects
Authors:   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Uniosun Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria, Ololade Salaudeen Abdulafeez , Folasade Ojo Josephine ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Uniosun Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria, Adeayo Lawal Olukayode ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Uniosun Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria, Mofedamijo Imohimi-Oduru Richard ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Uniosun Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria, Abiola Ibrahim Ayisat , ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Uniosun Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria., Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Kampala International University, Uganda., Hassan Abdulwasiu Oladele ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Achievers University, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria.
Published: May 2023

By delivering quick, sensitive, and targeted detection methods that have dramatically improved the diagnosis and treatment of bacterial illnesses, nanotechnology has revolutionized the field of bacterial diagnosis. This abstract seeks to provide a concise overview of the present trends, difficulties, and potential applications of nanotechnology in bacterial detection. The creation of nanoparticles that can find bacteria at incredibly low concentrations is one of the most recent developments in bacterial diagnosis. Nanoparticles can detect bacteria with great sensitivity and selectivity by utilizing the unique surface characteristics of bacterial cells and their interactions with different nanomaterials. These nanosensors offer significant promise for point-of-care diagnostics since they can successfully identify bacteria in clinical samples like urine blood and saliva. However, bacterial diagnostics based on nanotechnology also faces substantial obstacles. The absence of regulatory standards and guidelines for nanosensors is a significant problem. In order to verify the safety and effectiveness of these devices for clinical application, regulatory guidelines are required because the lack of standardization makes it impossible to compare the results acquired from various nanosensor platforms. Further research is necessary since the possible toxicity of the nanomaterials utilized in nanosensors is a serious concern. Despite these difficulties, nanotechnology has bright future potential for bacterial diagnostics. The creation of nanotherapeutics that can specifically target and kill bacterial cells without endangering host cells is one possible application. In addition to providing an alternate method of treating bacterial illnesses, these nanotherapeutics can break the bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Additionally, the creation of cutting-edge nanosensors and imaging methods can advance our comprehension of bacterial pathogenesis and aid in realtime monitoring of treatment efficacy. In conclusion, nanotechnology has had a substantial impact on bacterial diagnosis and has enormous potential to enhance both bacterial infection detection and therapy. The difficulties of bacterial diagnosis using nanotechnology must be overcome, and further study is required to create and improve nanosensors, nanobiotechnology chips and nanotherapeutics for clinical usage. Keywords: Nanotechnology, diagnosis, bacterial infection, current trends, challenges, future prospects