bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of Modal Parameters for Landing Gear using Matlab
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, JSSATE, Noida, India., Chaudhary Rishabh
Published: September 2019

Landing gear is an assembly of various sub-systems, namely, gear, axle, hydraulic actuator and accessories and brake system. The landing gear supports the fuselage and have to bear the dead weight of the aircraft under static condition. Nowadays, retractable landing gear system is more commonly used. It is exposed to atmosphere and, hence, wind during landing and takeoff only. As wind is an inconstantly varying natural dynamic phenomenon, due to this the engineers while designing components like landing gear need to take a note of the vibrational characteristic (natural frequency) as it may induce unnecessary vibrations which may lead to irreparable damage and cause tragic failure of the component. In this paper, the modal analysis of landing gear has been carried out to find its natural frequency in MATLAB R2018a using Partial Differential Equation Toolbox and the CAD model of landing gear is created in CREO 3.0 and imported as a binary stereolithography file in MATLAB.
An Efficient Network Threat Detection and Classification Method using Anp-Mvps Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India., Sherubha* P. , Mohanasundaram N. ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India.
Published: September 2019

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are deployed generally in a hostile environment, where an adversary captures some nodes that are physically connected in the network. It initially reprograms the nodes and makes them replicate into a number of clones, thereby having control over them. In order to provide a distributed solution to resolve the above specified problem specified above, a framework based on Authentic Node Placement based Message Verification and Passing Strategy (ANP-MVPS) is proposed. Some of the solutions offered by existing techniques are not satisfactory due to Energy and Memory constraints. This turns to be a serious drawback for protocols used in WSN’s resource constrained environment. In this work, three diverse factors are considered for investigation. They are: Firstly, modeling of Authentic Node Placement based Message Verification and Passing Strategy (ANP-MVPS) is performed to identify the distributed mechanism of clone in a network and prevent the replication of clone among them. Secondly, the parameter selection Probability of Occurrence of IP, Mean Time Intervals, Time to Live, ACK value, Time Stamp Field, SYN value, Differentiated Service Field and Sequence Number are considered before performing classification. Thirdly, an efficient Naive Bayesian classifier for security analysis based on trust value (NB-TV) is used to estimate the performance metrics like accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F-measure, Recall etc. This method shows satisfactory results when compared to existing techniques. The simulation was carried out in MATLAB environment. The proposed method shows better trade off in contrast to prevailing techniques.
The Dynamics of Philippine Foreign Exchange Rates (2013-2017): A Test for Chaos
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Physics, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines. Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines., Decena Ma. Carlota B. , Francisco Kristine Nicole T. ,   Department of Mathematics and Physics, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines, Yatco Mervinjohn M. ,   Department of Mathematics and Physics, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines.
Published: September 2019

In most studies on dynamics of time series financial data, the absence of chaotic behavior is generally observed. However, this theory is not yet established in the dynamics of foreign exchange rates. Conflicting claims of presence and absence of chaos in foreign exchange rates open door for further investigation considering various deterministic factors. This work examines the dynamics of exchange rate of the Philippine Peso against selected foreign currencies. Time series data were collected for eight (8) of Philippine’s top trading partners as categorized according to economic condition. The data obtained with permission from the Central Bank of the Philippines covered the years 2013 to 2017. Data sets were plotted revealing non-linear movement of Philippine exchange rates against time. The foreign exchange rate time series obtained per currency were examined for chaotic behavior by computing the Largest Lyapunov Exponents (LLE). A positive Lyapunov exponent is an indication of sensitivity dependence, i.e, a chaotic dynamics; whereas, a negative Lyapunov exponent indicates otherwise. Computed LLE’s varied per currency but all were found to be negative. Therefore, using the Largest Lyapunov Exponent Test (LLE), analysis of the time series of Philippine foreign exchange rates shows little evidence of chaotic patterns.
Energy Optimization of Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University Dhankawadi Campus Pune, INDIA
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Kumar Prabhat , Hirve Suyog ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Published: September 2019

This paper represents “Energy Optimization of Bharati Vidyapeeth (deemed to be) university Dhankawadi campus Pune, India”. Generally Educational Institutions are not taken into consideration for energy optimization in our country and around the world which comes in commercial sector. The energy cost is to be managed in academic campus to control the budget and utilize that amount for the growth of the institute. Around10 to 30% of the energy can be saved in academic campus. The objective of this study is to highlight several opportunities in creating and implementing energy optimization plans within the campus. The current pattern of energy use and safety concern is taken into account. Power quality analyzer is used for measurement and analysis of various electrical parameters at all five substations. Some suggestions are given for efficient use of energy and get benefited for new billing pattern of distribution authorities. The installed electrical facilities and their requirements are taken care like Transformer, APFC panel and capacitors used in the APFC panel.
Impact of Land Use Types and Soil Depths on the Distribution of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Soils of Aboy Gara Watershed, at Gidan District, North Wollo Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Gebeyaw T. Y.
Published: September 2019

The study was conducted at the degraded land soils of the Abuhoy Gara Catchment, which is located in the Gidan District of North Wello Zone, Ethiopia to determine the impact of land use type and soil depth on the distribution of soil physical and chemical properties. Soil samples were collected from representative locations with four replications at two depths, surface (0-15 cm) and subsurface (15-30 cm) of cultivated, grazing and bush land use types. One hundred eighty soil samples were collected from the depths of 0-15 and 15-30 cm each in a radial sampling scheme using an auger. Totally, twelve composite soil samples were collected using flexible grid survey method of 1:30,000 scales. The collected samples were air-dried, homogenized and sieved to pass a 2 mm mesh sieve for the standard physical and chemical analyses. Results showed that the soil physical and chemical properties were significantly affected by the interaction of land uses and soil depths. Silt content decreases while clay content increases across depth from surface to subsurface soils. The lowest pH-H2O was registered at the subsurface soils of the grazing lands, while the highest was recorded at the surface soils of the bush land. The interaction effect of land use by soil depth on the variability of soil organic matter was significantly higher at surface layer of the grazing land and lower at surface layer of cultivated land. Similarly, soil total nitrogen was highest in surface layer of the grazing land, while it was lowest in subsurface layer of the bush land. Exchangeable bases were highest in surface soils of the bush land and lowest in the surface soils of cultivated land. The contents of both exchangeable bases were decreasing with soil depth in all land uses except the bush land. Significant difference in cation exchange capacity contents was observed as highest in surface soil layer of the bush land and lowest in surface soil layer of the cultivated land. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the interaction of land use with soil depth showed negative effects especially disturbance of soil nutrient status on cultivated land in surface soils. In general, the spatial variability of soil properties indicates the soil conditions were strongly affected by inappropriate land use and soil management practices including soil depth. Therefore, reducing intensity of cultivation, adopting integrated soil fertility management and application of organic fertilizers could maintain the existing soil condition and replenish degraded soil properties.
Russian Women's Labor Rights: Theory and Practice
Authors: Zykina Tatiana , Sazanova Ekatarina
Published: September 2019

Labour in Russia remains highly segregated by gender, both across occupational spheres and within the employment hierarchy. Certain spheres that are female-dominated, such as education, healthcare and accounting, also have the lowest wage levels. Within each profession, women are concentrated at lower levels of the hierarchy, which is reflected in lower salaries. Additionally, large numbers of women, especially young women without educational qualifications, are employed in the informal sector, which leaves them at risk of violations of their labour rights.
Gender Equality in the Governance of the Arctic Region
Authors: Svensson Eva-Maria
Published: September 2019

Gender equality is a fundamental political and legal obligation for most of the world’s states. The public governance of the Arctic, performed by democratic institutions established by the Arctic states, has the obligation to meet the needs of all. This article presents an analysis on whether the structure of the governance meets the needs of all equally. The analysis of the organisation’s rhetoric and activities shows what interests and whose which are maintained, as well as those who are not prioritised. Gender equality and other social sustainable considerations are treated as reactive in relation to economic development. Gender equality, as well as equality between different ethnic groups, have not, so far, been prioritised within the public governance of the Arctic despite far-reaching obligations for the concerned states.
BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN INFRASTRUCTURE CAPACITY ALLOCATION AND MARKET-ORIENTED RAILWAY: AN ALGORITHMIC APPROACH
Authors: Stojadinović Nikola , Bošković Branislav , Bugarinović Mirjana
Published: September 2019

The European Commission initiated the process of liberalization and introducing competition in the European railway sector more than twenty-five years ago. Despite the liberalization of the railway sector, train paths are currently administratively allocated in all EU countries using the train service priority criterion, which may not treat all train operators equally. This is especially evident in those network sections where demand exceeds the available capacity. In these situations, economic theory suggests the implementation of a market-based mechanism for allocation of capacity, such as auctions. However, due to its incompatibilities with priority criteria in the process of the capacity allocation, it is necessary to develop a new procedure to support the implementation of an auction. In this paper, the proposed algorithm fills the technological gap between train timetable design and train operator requests. The new algorithm for decentralized capacity allocation is the result of a multidimensional approach, which encompasses setting new relations between train operators and the infrastructure manager, train timetable drafting and resolving the conflicting request. In addition, the algorithm provides a feasible solution ensuring equal treatment of train operators and efficient allocation, in order to foster the development of the competition in the European rail market.
Body size, age structure and survival rates in two populations of the Beyşehir frog Pelophylax caralitanus
Authors: Arısoy Ayşen Günay , Başkale Eyup
Published: September 2019

In many amphibians, skeletochronology is a reliable tool for assessing individual mean longevity, growth rates and age at sexual maturity. We used this approach to determine the age structure of 162 individuals from two Pelophylax caralitanus populations. All individuals exhibited Lines of Arrested Growth (LAGs) in the bone cross-sections and the average age varied between 4.5 and 5.4 years in both Işıklı and Burdur populations. Although intraspecific age structure and sex-specific age structure did not differ significantly between populations, we found that the Işıklı population had a lower body size in the same age class, had lower growths rates and lower values of survival rates and adult life expectancy than the Burdur population.
Anterior Transposition of the Inferior Oblique
Authors: Elliott Richard L , Nankin Sheldon J
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Modification of the standard recession of the inferior oblique muscle for overacting inferior obliques has been performed by the authors. The inferior oblique has been detached from the globe as in the usual recession procedure, but has been reattached slightly anterior to the temporal border of the insertion of the inferior rectus. The results in 64 anterior transpositions are compared to the results in 90 standard recessions varying from 8 to 14 mm in magnitude. Our analysis shows that anterior transposition appears to be an effective procedure in eliminating inferior oblique overaction. It also produced excellent results in seven cases in which inferior oblique overaction persisted following previous standard recessions. This procedure appears to have excellent applicability in persistent and, possibly, marked cases of overaction of the inferior oblique.
The transformation of demographic structures and the geography of Europeans in Brussels between 2000 and 2018
Authors: Casier Charlotte
Published: September 2019

In 2018, European Union nationals represented 275 000 individuals in the Brussels-Capital Region, i.e. 23 % of the population domiciled there. This is the result of the continuous increase in the number of people in this group between 2000 and 2018, linked to significant immigration from the new member states, the continued growth in the number of French nationals and the resumption of emigration from southern Europe from 2008 onwards. In geographical terms, the presence of Europeans was strengthened between 2000 and 2015 in the south-east of the inner urban ring, although at the same time, the significant increase in the number of Polish, Romanian and Bulgarian nationals has contributed to increasing the European presence in certain neighbourhoods in the western part of Brussels.
Impact Investing
Authors: Liu Chen
Published: September 2019

This chapter reviews literature on impact investing and maps the impact investing ecosystem. It finds that the academic work in impact investing is of a nascent field of research, in which there is considerable interest and potential, but currently no substantial core of ideas, theory, or data. The academic contributions to date are scattered and disparate, coming from diverse perspectives and approaching a range of topics that sometimes share little common ground. Overall, this chapter offers a contribution towards the institutionalization of impact investing as an area of both research and practice. This research suggests a pathway towards creating a body of work that is built upon a core set of ideas and theories that has a clear identity and commonly agreed upon definitions and that represents the progressive accumulation of knowledge.
Influence of Lime Solution on the Bonding Strength of a Mortar Coating Base
Authors: Azevedo A.C. , Costa e Silva A.J. , Delgado João M.P.Q. , Vieira F.M. , Souza M.T.G.
Published: September 2019

Mortar bond covering systems are multilayered and applied to a base, composed of render mortars (stucco, plaster) followed by some decorative element for a finishing touches (paint, ceramic plate, ornamental stones, etc.). In order to homogenize the characteristics of the base material and to increase the bond with the render mortar, it is a common practice to apply some type of preparation, either an even, smooth solution such as wetting the walls, or roughened solution utilizing roughcast. Studies have shown that the presence of calcium ions in ceramic bases results in the formation of a more dense crystalline structure at the interface, which culminates with higher mechanical bond strength. In this light, the present study presents an experimental investigation, the purpose of which is to evaluate, in a comparative way, the direct tensile strength of bond of a mortar coating applied to the same base, preceded in its application by five different preparation techniques. It can be concluded from this study that the preparation of the mortar base is of fundamental importance for bonding strength and, therefore, the addition of a lime solution to the roughcast is economically feasible and a satisfactory alternative in order to obtain positive results in environments where bond strength is critical.
Thermo-Fluid Dynamics Analysis of the Oil-Water Separation Using Ceramic Membrane
Authors: Fernandes Magalhães H. Luma , Moreira G. , de Brito Correia B.R. , Soares Gomez Ricardo , Barbosa de Lima A.G. , de Farias Neto Severino Rodrigues
Published: September 2019

One of the main challenges related to the oil industry is the conscious disposal of effluents from the stages of oil exploration and production. The treatment of the water produced originated these processes has become a challenge for the sector. The membrane filtration technique emerges as an important tool in the treatment of these oily waters, due to their good characteristics, such as uniformity in permeate quality and long shelf life. In this work, a 2D mathematical model was developed, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) as tool for the evaluation of the water-oil separation process in a tubular ceramic membrane. Linear momentum, energy, and mass conservation equations were used, which were solved using the commercial package ANSYS CFX® 15. The results obtained demonstrate that the developed model was able to predict the behavior of the water/oil separation process through the membrane, evidencing the influence of the oil particle size under the formation of the polarization layer by concentration, as well as, allowed to verify the importance of the temperature and the retention index of the solute under the permeation velocity and system performance.
Solid - Liquid Separation Process in Hydrocyclone by CFD
Authors: Lopes B. Oliveira , de Miranda Vansostenes Antonio Machado , de Oliveira J.M. Freitas , Barbosa de Lima A.G. , dos Santos Filho S. José , Farias F.P. Macedo
Published: September 2019

Mining is a relevant economic activity in many countries. In the treatment of ores, water is an indispensable input. For classification of minerals, the mineral industry uses the hydrocyclone process, where water is used as the medium for transporting dispersed ore particles, that are separated from the liquid by centrifugal force inside anequipmentnamed hydrocyclone.The constant advance of computers processing power, the evolution in the techniques and numerical methods, allow to simulate with great precision complex physical problems of fluid dynamics such as flow in hydrocyclones.In this sense, this work aims to analyze the performance of a concentrating hydrocyclone in the separation of ore and water by CFD. In the fluid dynamics simulation, the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach and the Ansys Fluent software were used. Results of pressure, velocity, and volumetric fraction fields of theinvolved phases are presented and evaluated. From the analysis of the results, it was observed that increasing the flow mixture velocity at the entrance of the equipment tends to increase the separation performance of the hydrocyclone.
Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy in diagnosis of desquamative interstitial pneumonia in nonsmoker
Authors: Mamenko Igor S. , Vasilev Igor V. , Tabanakova Irina A. , Gasanmagomedov Sultan M. , Sysoeva Vera V. , Ushkov Alexey D. , Novickaya Tatiana A. , Yablonskii Piotr K.
Published: September 2019

Desquamative interstitial pneumonia is a rare disease that is predominantly associated with smoking. Surgical biopsy is usually recommended for the diagnosis of this disorder. Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) is a new method of minimally invasive in vivo microscopic image of airways and alveoli. We use this method for desquamative interstitial pneumonia in nonsmoker. The pCLE image shows thickened intra-alveolar septae and clusters of autofluorescent cells within the alveoli, which is unusual for non-smoking patients. We think this pattern can be used for differential diagnosis of desquamative interstitial pneumonia in nonsmokers.
Similar outcome of heart failure with reduced EF patients with and without atrial fibrillation: considerations from the ESC Heart Failure Long-Term Registry
Authors: De Vecchis Renato
Published: September 2019

Recently, transcatheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) has been validated by international societal guidelines as a technique suitable for both treatment and secondary prevention of paroxysmal, persistent or long-lasting persistent AF in highly symptomatic patients in whom at least one antiarrhythmic drug had been tested.
Statistical approach to mediastinal staging in NSCLC with M.E.S.S.i.a. software
Authors: Galasso Thomas , Corbetta Lorenzo , Mancino Laura , Michieletto Lucio , Ceron Loris
Published: September 2019

The exclusion of pathological involvement of mediastinal lymph nodes in patients affected by NSCLC plays a central role in assessing  their prognosis and operability. Ceron et al. developed a software - called M.E.S.S.i.a (Mediastinal Evaluation with Statistical Support; instant approach) - that allows the calculation of the residual probability of lymph node involvement after a certain number of tests has been done, by integrating every test result with the pre-test prevalence. M.E.S.S.i.a. bridges a gap of current American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) guidelines, providing probability values of mediastinal metastasis for a correct clinical decision. We conducted a preliminary retrospective study in a series of 108 patients affected by non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Pathological staging was compared to the probability of nodal involvement calculated by M.E.S.S.i.a. software. Forty-two out of 108 subjects (39%) had a calculated post-test probability <8%; none of these had proven N2/N3 metastasis at surgical staging (negative predictive value, NPV: 100%). In 12/41 cases M.E.S.S.i.a. was able to avoid invasive procedures. The remaining 66 (61%) patients did not reach the surgical threshold; among these, 11 displayed N2 positivity at pathological staging. Receiving operator curve (ROC) analysis produced an area under curve (AUC) value of  0.773 (p<0.001). These preliminary data show high accuracy of M.E.S.S.i.a. software in excluding N2/N3 lymph node involvement in NSCLC. We have therefore promoted a prospective multicenter study in order to to get a validation of the calculator at different levels of probability of lymph node involvement. The recruitable subjects are potentially operable NSCLC patients; the gold standard for detection of mediastinal disease is the surgical lymph node dissection.
Carpal tunnel syndrome associated with sarcoidosis in identical twin patients
Authors: Yanardag Halil , Tetikkurt Cuneyt , Bilir Muammer
Published: September 2019

Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic disease that may lead to neurologic complications in 10% of the patients. Carpal tunnel syndrome is very rare in sarcoidosis. We present two identical twin sarcoidosis patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. A number of factors may cause carpal tunnel syndrome like wrist anatomy, occupation, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, pregnancy and renal failure. Although the above factors do not directly cause carpal tunnel syndrome, they may increase your chances of developing or aggravate median nerve damage as it is in sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis relevant neuropathy and granulomas may be the primary mechanism of sarcoidosis associated carpal tunnel syndrome. Although rare, carpal tunnel syndrome may be a feature of sarcoidosis that may lead to irreversible damage in cases of delayed diagnosis. The presence of this syndrome in identical twin patients may shed light into the pathogenesis and the genetic transmission of sarcoidosis with the associated carpal tunnel syndrome.
Chewing ability and desaturation during chewing in patients with COPD
Authors: Terashima Takeshi , Nakajima Takahiro , Matsuzaki Tatsu , Iwami Eri , Shibui Takeo , Nomura Takeshi , Katakura Akira
Published: September 2019

Chewing ability is essential to maintain nutrition status and can be associated with oral conditions, sarcopenia, and lung function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Herein, our pilot study investigated the chewing ability and degree of desaturation during chewing in patients with COPD (n = 41) and control subjects (n = 22). Subjects chewed a color-changing chewing gum for 1 minute and chewing ability was assessed by the color of the chewed gum, which was scored from 1 (very poor) to 5 (very good). Arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) was monitored using a pulse oximeter and the difference in SpO2 was determined by comparison between before and during chewing. The mean color score of the chewed gum was lower in the COPD group than in the control group (3.1±0.7 vs 4.2±0.9, p<0.0001). Muscle mass loss (p<0.05), <20 remaining teeth (p<0.005), and COPD (p<0.001) were risk factors for poor chewing ability. The mean SpO2 decreased by 0.78±1.46% during gum chewing for 1 min. The mean SpO2 during gum chewing (95.1±2.4%) was lower than before gum chewing (95.9±1.7%) (p<0.05). The reduction of SpO2 was greater in COPD patients who had fewer remaining teeth (p<0.05). COPD patients with SpO2 reduction >4% during the 6-minute walk test showed greater reduction during gum chewing (p<0.05). Our results suggest that COPD patients with fewer remaining teeth exhibit poor chewing ability and greater desaturation during chewing.
Land use and water quality in watersheds in the State of São Paulo, based on GIS and SWAT data
Authors: Veiga Denise Piccirillo Barbosa da , Guandique Manuel Enrique Gamero , Nardocci Adelaide Cassia
Published: September 2019

Land use influences the quality and availability of water resources, but Brazil has made little progress in integrated watershed management. This study therefore applied geoprocessing for land-use classification and evaluated the impact on the hydrological balance in order to contribute to the integrated management of water resources. Using GIS tools, two drainage areas from the water catchment points of two municipalities, Santa Cruz das Palmeiras and Piedade, were delimited; land-use mapping was carried out using the supervised classification method of satellite images, and the SWAT model was applied for hydrological simulation. The methods used were appropriate. The surface runoff was related to the absence of vegetation and the predominance of exposed soil. The relationship between land use/land cover and the hydrological balance was evidenced, especially the impact of agricultural activities and the lack of natural vegetation in the surface runoff.
Chemical attributes of soil irrigated with treated sewage effluent and cultivated with bell pepper
Authors: Silva Júnior Waltoíres Reis da , Sandri Delvio , Figueiredo Cícero Célio de , Pereira Rodrigo Moura
Published: September 2019

The use of treated sewage effluents (TSE) for irrigation purposes is a viable alternative for wastewater reuse and nutrient supply to the soil, which represent the two main environmental benefits. This work therefore evaluated the effect of the application of TSE on the quantity of nutrients added to the soil and changes in the chemical attributes of a Red-Yellow Latosol in the layer from 0.0 to 0.2 m cultivated with the bell pepper F1 Canary hybrid and surface drip irrigated. The experiment was carried out under field conditions from September 2015 to January 2016 in a randomized block statistical design with four replications, including the following treatments: river water, TSE, river water with base fertilization, TSE with base fertilization, TSE with cover fertilization, and TSE with cover and base fertilization. Irrigation of the bell pepper cultivation with TSE increased the level of potassium but did not affect the levels of phosphorus, organic matter and pH of the soil at the end of the growing cycle. The following amounts of nutrients were added to the soil by irrigation with TSE: 10 kg ha-1 of total nitrogen, 10 kg ha-1 of total potassium and 0.5 kg ha-1 of total phosphate. In general, TSE induced greater productivity of the peppers than those irrigated with river water, even when including mineral fertilization.
Multivariate analysis in the evaluation of soil attributes in areas under different uses in the region of Humaitá, AM
Authors: Pantoja José Carlos Marques , Campos Milton César Costa , Lima Alan Ferreira Leite de , Cunha José Maurício da , Simões Emily Lira , Oliveira Ivanildo Amorim de , Silva Laércio Santos
Published: September 2019

The recognition of the influence of management practices on soil physical and chemical conditions is substantial for sustainable agriculture. For this reason, this study was developed for the purpose of evaluating the behavior of soil attributes under different uses in the region of Humaitá, AM, using multivariate statistical methods. The study was developed in 8 rural properties producing bananas, grassland, maize, coffee, cassava, vegetables, agroforestry system and a forest fragment. Samples of soils with preserved structure in the 0.0 - 0.10 and 0.10 - 0.20 m layers were randomly collected in 5 small trenches per area, totaling 32 samples in the management systems, to determine the physical and chemical attributes. The data were then submitted to univariate and multivariate statistical analysis. Exploratory data analysis (principal components and dendrogram) and frequency of environmental covariates was efficient in distinguishing production environments, so multivariate classification based on physical and chemical attributes of the soil can help in the proper planning of land use. The analysis of the principal components indicates that the BD presents direct dependence with the SPR, signaling the use of the soil with grassland the only one in the process of compaction. Soil acidity is the main limiting factor for crop development, requiring the adoption of pH corrective practices with improvements in nutrient supply. The conversion of the forest to grassland maintained the structural characteristics of the soil, while the other uses increased improvements in physical quality and soil fertility.
Determination of the junction angle in fluvial channels from georeferenced aerial images from Google Earth Pro and UAV
Authors: Pereira Marco Alésio Figueiredo , Barbieiro Bruno Lippo , Carneiro Marciano , Kobiyama Masato
Published: September 2019

The junction angles in fluvial channels are determined from complex erosion and deposition processes, resulting from river-flow dynamics, bed and margin morphology, and so on. Knowledge regarding these angles is important in order to better understand the existing conditions in a basin. In this sense, the objective of the present study was to determine the junction angles on fluvial channels, called α, β and γ, applying the law of cosines. Georeferenced Google Earth Pro images and UAV images were used. Then, the values calculated from the georeferenced aerial images were compared with the values calculated from the minimum energy principle. To visualize and understand the obtained angles, the Junction Angles Diagram was used. The obtained result shows that the methodology using georeferenced aerial images have good performance for determining junction angles on fluvial channels.
Distribution of major and trace elements in bottom sediments of the Taquari River Basin, Caldas municipality (Brazil)
Authors: Dutra Pedro Henrique , Feliciano Vanusa Maria Delage , Carvalho Filho Carlos Alberto De
Published: September 2019

The Taquari River Basin, located in Poços de Caldas Alkaline Complex, in the southern portion of Minas Gerais state, Brazil, is situated in an old volcanic caldera. Due to its chemical and radiological characteristics, it is an area of economic and mineral interest, and is also home to diverse flora and fauna systems. In its surroundings, there are agricultural areas, industries (active and inactive) and urban and rural centers. This work investigated the total and potentially bioavailable concentrations of major and trace elements for the evaluation of geogenic and anthropogenic contamination potentials in the water bodies. The results show that there is an anthropogenic contribution (fertilizers and mining tailings) in some sectors of the Taquari River Basin, generating possible concerns regarding the quantity of elements that may be transferred to the water bodies. Furthermore, there is the striking geogenic contribution from naturally enriched areas, presenting distinct situations that generate an increase in the concentration of chemical elements in the water bodies.
Characterizations of a limiting class $B_\infty$ of Békollé–Bonami weights
Authors: Aleman Alexandru , Pott Sandra , Reguera María Carmen
Published: September 2019

We explore properties of the class of Békollé–Bonami weights

B_\infty

introduced by the authors in a previous work. Although Békollé–Bonami weights are known to be ill-behaved because they do not satisfy a reverse Hölder property, we prove than when restricting to a class of weights that are "nearly constant on top halves", one recovers some of the classical properties of Muckenhoupt weights. We also provide an application of this result to the study of the spectra of certain integral operators
How Prepared are Hospital Employees for Internal Fire Disasters? A Study of an Indian Hospital
Authors: Shukla Kasturi , Chandrashekhar Priyadarshini , Mehta Shweta
Published: September 2019

Introduction

In case of internal disasters, such as fire in hospitals, health services to the community are severely hampered with the additional morbidity of victims, such as employees and visitors present when the disaster strikes. Risk assessment and fire preparedness are most crucial proactive measures to prevent fire disasters and minimize the loss in a hospital; however, scanty studies are available on this topic.

Materials and methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted at a multispecialty hospital in Mumbai, Maharashtra (India), during March. April 2014. Fire-Safety Preparedness Framework (FSPF) was designed with four domains (risk and vulnerability assessment, response mechanisms and strategies, preparedness plan and information management) for evaluation of fire safety preparedness of hospital employees. Baseline variables were summarized; instrument was tested for reliability using Cronbach's alpha and content validity through review by experts. The number of correct responses for each question was further analyzed across the type of employee.

Results

The instrument showed high reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89, p-value. 0.01) and content validity. A total of 207 employees (mean age 32) 8.3 years, 63% females) consented and participated in the study. Out of 20 questions, awareness was high (90%) only for three questions from Response mechanism and strategies-domain. For the remaining questions, awareness was moderate to low. The awareness varied highly with the type of employee.

Conclusion

The FSPF is a reliable tool for application in the Indian context for hospital employees. Disaster preparedness training and drill need to involve employees from all departments as awareness levels varied highly with type of employee.

How to cite this article

Shukla K, Chandrashekhar P, Mehta S. How Prepared are Hospital Employees for Internal Fire Disasters? A Study of an Indian Hospital. Int J Res Foundation Hospc Health Adm 2016;4(1):20-24.
Does Health Insurance give Us an Assurance? A Study on the Extent of Coverage of Health Insurance at a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India
Authors: Sinha Sujeet K , Kumar Reena
Published: September 2019

Introduction

Health insurance is emerging fast as an important mechanism to finance health care needs of the people. Complexity of the health insurance industry has been much talked about and less understood in the Indian scenario. Hence, it is imperative to assess the level of awareness that the population has with respect to health insurance policies.

Materials and methods

Cross-sectional prospective study conducted over a period of 6 months, at the third-party administrator (TPA) desk of the hospital. The data was collected using a preformed close-ended questionnaire after obtaining consent from all the participants. Only patients admitted in the hospital availing cashless hospitalization were included in the study. The study was undertaken with the objective to determine the level of awareness about insurance policies and procedures among those insured and identify the problems faced by those insured when availing cashless treatment. Responses to the variables in the questionnaire were compiled and tabulated using Excel 2010.

Results

Response rate of 76% was observed. 56% of the study population were planned admissions and 44% were admitted through emergency department. The study showed that about 56% of the principal policy holders were between 30 and 50 years of age. The awareness regarding the terms and conditions of the health care insurance policy and the servicing TPA was found to be 70%. However, on interacting with patients it came to light that despite being appraised by their insurance agent, they faced challenges while availing health care benefits under health care insurance and were ignorant about the procedure involved.

For the current admission, in 78% of the cases, the TPA responded within 24 hours of intimation; however, in 22% cases there were delays in response from the TPA mostly attributed to communication gap between the Insurance Company and the TPA. Preexisting disease was not covered in 14% cases. 82% cases had to wait for more than 2 hours for the final clearance from the TPA. Over the years, as ascertained in 2016 also, the scenario of insurance has not undergone significant change.

Conclusion

Strategies to optimize claims by bringing about a uniformity in the rates being charged by the hospitals for different procedures are needed to increase coverage.

How to cite this article

Jain K, Sinha SK, Jain D, Kumar R. Does Health Insurance give Us an Assurance? A Study on the Extent of Coverage of Health Insurance at a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India. Int J Res Foundation Hospc Health Adm 2016;4(1):25-30.
A Study of Cost incurred in providing Emergency Care Services in an Apex Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Garg Neeraj , Lathwal Amit , Gupta Shakti K , Garg Ruchi
Published: September 2019

Introduction

An emergency department (ED), also known as accident and emergency (A8E), emergency room (ER), or casualty department, is a medical treatment facility specializing for acute care of patients who present without prior appointment, either by their own means or by ambulance. In spite of the emergency beds forming only a fraction of the hospital beds, they consume a relatively large proportion of the hospitals resources. There is a requirement to ascertain the cost incurred in providing emergency care treatment to the patients coming to an apex tertiary care center, whose principal mandate is to provide tertiary care treatment. The study will not only help in allocating funds to the ED in an apex tertiary care facility but will also be useful if the hospital authorities decide to outsource the emergency services to a third party.

Aims and objectives

To study the cost incurred in providing emergency care services in an apex tertiary care hospital. To identify the various cost centers pertaining to patient care in the emergency care department and to estimate the cost of rendering patient care in ED and the cost of running the emergency per day.

Materials and methods

Six months’ retrospective data were collected from the ED, accounts section, engineering section, stores department, radiology department, emergency lab, computer facility, etc. The cost was apportioned to per patient as well per hour in rendering emergency care services.

Observations

The total cost incurred in providing emergency care services in the hospital under study was Rs 2034 per patient, while Rs 31,000 are spent per hour in running the emergency care facility.

Discussion

Almost 40 to 50% of the total cost incurred on providing emergency care services goes to the salary head of the staff working in the ED. The next major sources of expenditure are the radiology and lab investigations.

Conclusion

The study suggests that a considerable amount of hospital funds are spent on providing emergency care services in the apex tertiary care facility, whose primary mandate is to provide tertiary care services. The possibility of complete outsourcing or partial outsourcing in the form of radiology investigations and hiring humanpower on a contract basis can be a viable solution, to reduce the cost on providing emergency care, which can better be utilized in providing high-end tertiary care facilities.

How to cite this article

Garg N, Gupta SK, Lathwal A, Garg R. A Study of Cost incurred in providing Emergency Care Services in an Apex Tertiary Care Hospital. Int J Res Foundation Hosp Healthc Adm 2016;4(1):45-50.
Left Ventricular Rupture during Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty
Authors: Sarguroh Tazeen , Kotwani Dipti , Basantwani Shakuntala , Tendolkar Bharati
Published: September 2019

Balloon mitral valvuloplasty (BMV) is a viable alternative to valve replacement surgery in patients with mitral stenosis. One of the rare complications of the procedure requiring immediate resuscitation and surgical repair is cardiac tamponade due to ventricular rupture. We report the anesthetic management of a 38 year old female with hemopericardium during BMV due to left ventricular rupture.

How to cite this article

Sarguroh T, Kotwani D, Basantwani S, Tendolkar B. Left Ventricular Rupture during Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty. Res Inno Anaesth 2016;1(1):28-29.
Effects of Combination of Intrathecal Fentanyl Clonidine with Bupivacaine in Patients for Operative Knee Arthroscopic Procedure
Authors: Potdar Meenoti Pramod , Kamat Laxmi Laxman , Save Manjeet Prakash , Jha Tanya R
Published: September 2019

Introduction

The addition of neuraxial fentanyl or clonidine potentiates the effect of local anesthetic and increases the duration of action and quality of intraoperative and postoperative analgesia. We decided to conduct this study to analyze the synergistic effect of clonidine and fentanyl with bupivacaine on the duration of analgesia surgies. The primary aim is to determine the duration of analgesia for a combination of intrathecal clonidine and fentanyl with bupivacaine in knee arthroscopic surgeries.

Materials and methods

We included 100 patients undergoing operative arthroscopio procedure and randomly allocated the patients into four different groups of 25 each.

Group S:15 mg 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine with 1.0 mL normal saline (NS).

Group F:15 mg 0.5% HB with 25 μcg fentanyl citrate and 0.5 mL NS.

Group C:15 mg 0.5% HB with 75 μcg clonidine and 0.5 mL NS.

Group FC:15 mg 0.5% HB with 25 μcg fentanyl citrate and 75 μcg clonidine.

All the patients received the spinal dosage of 4 mL.

Results

The duration of spinal analgesia was greatest in group FC (458.4 ± 179.96 minutes, p-value 0.001). The rescue analgesic requirement in 24 hours was significantly less in group FC, and the incidence of side effects was comparable.

Conclusion

The combination of clonidine and fentanyl with bupivacaine intrathecally does augment its sensory, motor, and analgesic action further, and hence it has an additional advantage with similar side effects.

How to cite this article

Potdar MP, Kamat LL, Save MP, Jha TR. Effects of Combination of Intrathecal Fentanyl Clonidine with Bupivacaine in Patients for Operative Knee Arthroscopic Procedure. Res Inno in Anesth 2016;1(2):52-57.
Acute Hyponatremia following Hypotonic Intravenous Fluid in a 4-year-old Child
Authors: Dalvi Naina P , Rustagi Preeti , Tendolkar Bharti A , Kotak Suhas
Published: September 2019

Hyponatremia is the most frequently encountered electrolyte disorder in hospitalized patients. It develops due to either surplus water or decreased sodium in the extracellular fluid. In children, the source of excess water is frequently the administration of hypotonic intravenous fluids. The current recommendations of hypotonic maintenance fluids may be appropriate for a healthy child, but may not apply to hospitalized children who are more likely to have a nonosmotic stimulus for antidiuretic hormone (ADH) production, such as anxiety, stress, pain, etc. Fall in plasma sodium concentration acutely to < 130 mmol/L leads to brain cell swelling and devastating neurological outcome. Previous studies have reported the potential harm with these solutions and the need to reconsider their routine use in children. We present a case report of 4-year-old child, admitted with head injury and normal CT brain, who developed hyponatremic convulsions following administration of Isolyte-P as maintenance fluid as per standard guidelines.

How to cite this article

Rustagi P, Dalvi NP, Tendolkar BA, Kotak S. Acute Hyponatremia following Hypotonic Intravenous Fluid in a 4-year-old. Res Inno in Anesth 2016;1(2):63-64.
Teameffectiviteit in het onderwijs: Analyse van mogelijke succesvoorspellende factoren op basis van onderzoeksdata
Authors: van Dartel Nicole , Koppens Jeroen
Published: September 2019

In het onderwijs heeft het werken in teams aan belang gewonnen. Verschillende ontwikkelingen hebben daaraan bijgedragen. Echter, mensen samenbrengen in een team blijkt nog niet vanzelfsprekend te leiden tot een soepel samenwerkend en effectief team. Opvallend is dat in de studies over
teamwerk de onderwijssector als onderzoekscontext achtergebleven is vergeleken met onderzoek naar teamwerk in de industrie, zakelijke dienstverlening en gezondheidszorg. Het teamgericht werken als organisatievorm heeft de afgelopen decennia echter ook in de onderwijssector terrein gewonnen.
In dit artikel presenteren we de bevindingen van onderzoek naar het functioneren van onderwijsteams in po, vo en mbo, met als doel inzicht te geven in de effectiviteit van teams in de onderwijssector en in de factoren die deze effectiviteit mogelijk voorspellen. Geconcludeerd kan worden dat
wanneer het teamfunctioneren positief beleefd wordt, leraren ook meer welbevinden ervaren in hun werk en ervan overtuigd zijn dat leerlingen baat hebben bij het teamgericht werken als organisatievorm. (onderzoeksvraag 1). Naast een directe positieve relatie tussen een gezamenlijke teamopdracht
en teamfunctioneren (onderzoeksvraag 2), is ook een indirecte relatie gevonden: de gezamenlijke teamopdracht is positief gerelateerd aan factoren als regelvermogen, teamoverleg en professioneel en sociaal teamgedrag, die op hun beurt positief samenhangen met het teamfunctioneren (onderzoeksvraag
3). Regelvermogen blijkt een van de belangrijkste succes voorspellende factoren te zijn. Investeren in de kwaliteit van het team, in het bijzonder door het regelvermogen te versterken, zal bijdragen aan de ontwikkeling van een cultuur waarin teamgericht werken meer vanzelfsprekend is.