bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Collisional-Radiative Model for Kr III Ions
Authors: Rathi Shikha , Sharma Lalita
Published: July 2024

A collisional radiative model for Kr III in the ultraviolet regime is developed. For this purpose, atomic parameters for 4s24p4, 4s4p5, 4s24p3nl, and 4s24p35d configurations with n ranging from 5 to 7 and l=s,p, using the multiconfiguration Dirac–Hatree–Fock method are calculated. The effects of Breit and radiative quantum electrodynamic corrections are also included. Electron impact excitation cross-sections from the ground state, along with four metastable states arising from the 4s24p4 configuration to all fine structure levels of interest, are calculated using the relativistic distorted wave method. The reliability of the model is tested by comparing the predicted results with the previous measurements.
Coefficient Estimates for New Subclasses of Bi-Univalent Functions with Bounded Boundary Rotation by Using Faber Polynomial Technique
Authors: Tang Huo , Sharma Prathviraj , Sivasubramanian Srikandan
Published: July 2024

In this article, the authors use the Faber polynomial expansions to find the general coefficient estimates for a few new subclasses of bi-univalent functions with bounded boundary rotation and bounded radius rotation. Some of the results improve the existing coefficient bounds in the literature.
The Mean Square of the Hurwitz Zeta-Function in Short Intervals
Authors: Laurinčikas Antanas , Šiaučiūnas Darius
Published: July 2024

The Hurwitz zeta-function ζ(s,α), s=σ+it, with parameter 0<α⩽1 is a generalization of the Riemann zeta-function ζ(s) (ζ(s,1)=ζ(s)) and was introduced at the end of the 19th century. The function ζ(s,α) plays an important role in investigations of the distribution of prime numbers in arithmetic progression and has applications in special function theory, algebraic number theory, dynamical system theory, other fields of mathematics, and even physics. The function ζ(s,α) is the main example of zeta-functions without Euler’s product (except for the cases α=1, α=1/2), and its value distribution is governed by arithmetical properties of α. For the majority of zeta-functions, ζ(s,α) for some α is universal, i.e., its shifts ζ(s+iτ,α), τ∈R, approximate every analytic function defined in the strip {s:1/2<σ<1}. For needs of effectivization of the universality property for ζ(s,α), the interval for τ must be as short as possible, and this can be achieved by using the mean square estimate for ζ(σ+it,α) in short intervals. In this paper, we obtain the bound O(H) for that mean square over the interval [T−H,T+H], with T27/82⩽H⩽Tσ and 1/2<σ⩽7/12. This is the first result on the mean square for ζ(s,α) in short intervals. In forthcoming papers, this estimate will be applied for proof of universality for ζ(s,α) and other zeta-functions in short intervals.
Advancing the Analysis of Extended Negative Dependence Random Variables: A New Concentration Inequality and Its Applications for Linear Models
Authors: Chikr Elmezouar Zouaoui , Belguerna Abderrahmane , Daoudi Hamza , Alshahrani Fatimah , Kaddour Zoubeyr
Published: July 2024

This paper introduces an innovative concentration inequality for Extended Negative Dependence (END) random variables, providing new insights into their almost complete convergence. We apply this inequality to analyze END variable sequences, particularly focusing on the first-order auto-regressive (AR(1)) model. This application highlights the dynamics and convergence properties of END variables, expanding the analytical tools available for their study. Our findings contribute to both the theoretical understanding and practical applications of END variables in fields such as finance and machine learning, where understanding variable dependencies is crucial.
Review of Energy Storage Capacitor Technology
Authors: Liu Wenting , Sun Xianzhong , Yan Xinyu , Gao Yinghui , Zhang Xiong , Wang Kai , Ma Yanwei
Published: July 2024

Capacitors exhibit exceptional power density, a vast operational temperature range, remarkable reliability, lightweight construction, and high efficiency, making them extensively utilized in the realm of energy storage. There exist two primary categories of energy storage capacitors: dielectric capacitors and supercapacitors. Dielectric capacitors encompass film capacitors, ceramic dielectric capacitors, and electrolytic capacitors, whereas supercapacitors can be further categorized into double-layer capacitors, pseudocapacitors, and hybrid capacitors. These capacitors exhibit diverse operational principles and performance characteristics, subsequently dictating their specific application scenarios. To make informed decisions in selecting capacitors for practical applications, a comprehensive knowledge of their structure and operational principles is imperative. Consequently, this review delved into the structure, working principles, and unique characteristics of the aforementioned capacitors, aiming to clarify the distinctions between dielectric capacitors, supercapacitors, and lithium-ion capacitors.
Improving LiFe0.4Mn0.6PO4 Nanoplate Performance by a Dual Modification Strategy toward the Practical Application of Li-Ion Batteries
Authors: Tan Mingfeng , Wei Helei , Li Qi , Yu Zhipeng , Zhang Qiang , Lin Mingzhi , Lin Bo
Published: July 2024

A novel composite consisting of fluorine-doped carbon and graphene double-coated LiMn0.6Fe0.4PO4 (LMFP) nanorods was synthesized via a facile low-temperature solvothermal method that employs a hybrid glucose and polyvinylidene fluoride as carbon and fluorine sources. As revealed by physicochemical characterization, F-doped carbon coating and graphene form a ‘point-to-surface’ conductive network, facilitating rapid electron transport and mitigating electrochemical polarization. Furthermore, the uniform thickness of the F-doped carbon coating alters the growth of nanoparticles and prevents direct contact between the material and the electrolyte, thereby enhancing structural stability. The strongly electronegative F− can inhibit the structural changes in LMFP during charge/discharge, thus reducing the Jahn–Teller effect of Mn3+. The distinctive architecture of the LMFP/C-F/G cathode material exhibits excellent electrochemical properties, exhibiting an initial discharge capacity of 163.1 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C and a constant Coulombic efficiency of 99.7% over 100 cycles. Notably, the LMFP/C-F/G cathode material achieves an impressive energy density of 607.6 Wh kg−1, surpassing that of commercial counterparts. Moreover, it delivers a reversible capacity of 90.3 mAh g−1 at a high current rate of 5 C. The high-capacity capability and energy density of the prepared materials give them great potential for use in next-generation lithium-ion batteries.
Correlation of Adiponectin and Leptin with Anthropometrics and Behavioral and Physical Performance in Overweight and Obese Chinese College Students
Authors: Sun Jingyu , Chen Jiajia , Cicchella Antonio
Published: July 2024

The aim of this study is to assess the relationship of leptin (LEP) and adiponectin (ADPN) with other circulating fat markers, physical capacity, behaviors, and anthropometric indices in a population of overweight and obese Chinese university students. LEP and ADPN levels, as well as behavioral, anthropometric, biochemical, and performance characteristics, were measured. Method: A total of 17 anthropometric parameters, 8 questionnaires (investigating quality of life, sleep, eating, perceived functioning, stress, and depression), 9 biochemical parameters, and 12 functional parameters were investigated. Results: In contrast to previous studies, our work found an unusually strong relationship between LEP and ADPN (r = 0.961, p = 0.000) that can be related to ethnicity. We also found that LEP and ADPN were associated with stress and bodily pain. A total of 12 anthropometric measures were also associated with LEP/ADNP levels. Moreover, LEP and ADPN were found to be related to lower limb, hand, and abdominal strength; blood pressure; and basic metabolism. However, we did not find associations with sleep; eating habits; or cardiovascular fitness, which was measured in the form of resting heart rate and VO2max. Conclusion: This study reveals new relationships of LEP and ADPN with selected anthropometric and behavioral parameters in obese Chinese college students.
Metabolite Diversity and Carbohydrate Distribution in Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis L. Cultivars: A UPLC-MS/MS Approach
Authors: Mubeen Hafiz Muhammad , Li Ying , Hu Chunmei
Published: July 2024

Pak choi exhibits a wide range of phenotypic and morphological variations, significantly impacting its carbohydrate composition. This study aimed to analyze these variations by employing UPLC-MS/MS technology on eight biological replicates of seven Pak choi cultivars. The untargeted metabolic analysis identified 513 metabolites, focusing on 16 key carbohydrates, including monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Monosaccharides were the most prevalent, which were followed by di-, poly-, and oligosaccharides. Suzhouqing had the highest number of differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs), while Xiangqingcai had the least. Notably, the cultivars Xiangqingcai, Suzhouqing, and Aijiaohuang showed significant metabolite differentiation. The study found 114 metabolites that differed significantly between Suzhouqing and Aijiaohuang, of which 69 were upregulated and 45 were downregulated. In Xiangqingcai and Aijiaohuang, 66 metabolites were upregulated and 49 were downregulated. Between Xiangqingcai and Suzhouqing, 80 metabolites were downregulated and 53 were upregulated. Key carbohydrate digestion and absorption pathways were identified alongside the most enriched flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in Xiangqingcai and Suzhouqing. The findings highlight the considerable carbohydrate variation among Pak choi cultivars, providing valuable insights for targeted carbohydrate extraction and improving nutritional and agricultural practices.
The Role of the MCM2-7 Helicase Subunit MCM2 in Epigenetic Inheritance
Authors: Jia Jing , Yu Chuanhe
Published: July 2024

Recycling histone proteins from parental chromatin, a process known as parental histone transfer, is an important component in chromosome replication and is essential for epigenetic inheritance. We review recent advances in our understanding of the recycling mechanism of parental histone H3-H4 tetramers (parH3:H4tet), emphasizing the pivotal role of the DNA replisome. In particular, we highlight the function of the MCM2-7 helicase subunit Mcm2 as a histone H3-H4 tetramer chaperone. Disruption of this histone chaperone’s functions affects mouse embryonic stem cell differentiation and can lead to embryonic lethality in mice, underscoring the crucial role of the replisome in maintaining epigenomic stability.
Review of Myocardial Ischemia, Scar, and Viability Estimation with Molecular Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Sillanmäki Saara , Hartikainen Suvi , Ylä-Herttuala Elias
Published: July 2024

Background: Cardiovascular diseases, particularly myocardial ischemia from coronary artery obstruction, remain a leading cause of global morbidity. This review explores cardiac molecular magnetic resonance imaging (mMRI) and other molecular imaging techniques for the evaluation of myocardial ischemia, scarring, and viability. Results and findings: mMRI imaging methods provide detailed information on myocardial ischemia, edema, and scar tissue using techniques like cine imaging, T1 and T2 mapping, and gadolinium-based contrast agents. These methods enable the precise assessment of the myocardial tissue properties, crucial in diagnosing and treating cardiovascular diseases. Advanced techniques, such as the T1ρ and RAFFn methods, might provide enhanced contrast and sensitivity for the detection of myocardial scarring without contrast agents. Molecular probes, including gadolinium-based and protein-targeted contrast agents, improve the detection of molecular changes, facilitating early diagnosis and personalized treatment. Integrating MRI with positron emission tomography (PET) combines the high spatial and temporal resolution with molecular and functional imaging. Conclusion: Recent advancements in mMRI and molecular imaging have changed the evaluation of myocardial ischemia, scarring, and viability. Despite significant progress, extensive research is needed to validate these techniques clinically and further develop imaging methods for better diagnostic and prognostic outcomes.
Vertical Ex Vivo Dermoscopy in Assessment of Malignant Skin Lesions
Authors: Popadić Mirjana , Brasanac Dimitrije , Milošev Danijela , Ravić Nikolić Ana , Mitrović Slobodanka
Published: July 2024

The role of vertical ex vivo dermoscopy relevant to clinical diagnosis has not been investigated yet. Study objectives were defining, describing, and determining the importance of the structures visible using vertical ex vivo dermoscopy in the diagnosis of malignant skin lesions, as well as determining their accuracy in the assessment of tumor margins. A prospective, descriptive study was conducted in two University centers. Digital images of completely excised skin lesions, fixed in formalin, before histopathological diagnosis were used for analysis. BCCs had the most diverse dermoscopic presentation on the vertical section, while SCCs showed a similar presentation in most cases. Vertical dermoscopy of thin melanomas was almost identical, unlike nodular melanomas. Thickness accuracy assessed by dermatologist was 0.753 for BCC, 0.810 for SCC, and 0.800 for melanomas, whereas assessment by pathologist was 0.654, 0.752, and 0.833, respectively. The accuracy of tumor width assessment was 0.819 for BCCs, 0.867 for SCCs and 1.000 for melanoma as estimated by a Dermatologist. Interobserver agreement was 0.71 for BCC, 0.799 for SCC and 0.832 for melanomas. Vertical ex vivo dermoscopy may contribute to the distinction between BCCs, SCCs, and melanomas. Moreover, regardless of the doctor’s specialty, it enables a good assessment of the tumor’s margins.
Sonographic Features of Rectus Femoris Muscle in Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Their Correlation with Body Composition Parameters and Muscle Strength: Results of a Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sheptulina Anna F. , Yafarova Adel A. , Mamutova Elvira M. , Drapkina Oxana M.
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to describe sonographic features of rectus femoris muscle (RFM) in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD) and their correlation with body composition parameters and muscle strength. A total of 67 patients with MASLD underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), bioimpedance analysis (BIA), muscle strength measurement (grip strength [GS] and chair stand test [CST]), and ultrasound (US) investigation of the RFM in the dominant thigh using a 4 to 18 MHz linear probe. MASLD patients exhibited increased RFM echogenicity, possibly due to fatty infiltration. We confirmed that the greater the subcutaneous fat thickness, the smaller was the muscle mass (p < 0.001), and the lower was the muscle strength (p < 0.001 for GS and p = 0.002 for CST). On the contrary, the greater the anteroposterior diameter (APD) of RFM, the higher was the muscle mass (p < 0.001), and the greater was the muscle strength (p < 0.001 for GS and p = 0.007 for CST). In addition, APD of the RFM and stiffness of RFM exhibited direct correlation with bone mineral density values of the lumbar spine (p = 0.005 for both GS and CST). We concluded that US investigation of the RFM in the dominant thigh can be helpful in identifying MASLD patients at a high risk of musculoskeletal disorders given repeated point-of-care clinical evaluations.
Exploring the Relationship between Lipid Profile, Inflammatory State and 25-OH Vitamin D Serum Levels in Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Bucurica Sandica , Nancoff Andreea Simona , Dutu Madalina , Mititelu Mihaela Raluca , Gaman Laura Elena , Ioniță-Radu Florentina , Jinga Mariana , Maniu Ionela , Ruța Florina
Published: July 2024

Anomalies in lipid metabolism involve multifactorial pathogenesis, among other factors, being associated with an inflammatory state and disturbances in vitamin D status. The literature has focused on the binary relationships between inflammation and dyslipidemia, vitamin D and dyslipidemia, or vitamin D and inflammation. Our study aimed to explore the link between all these three factors: 25-OH vitamin D serum levels, the presence of inflammation assessed through serum C-reactive protein (CRP), and serum lipid profile in 2747 hospitalized patients. Our results showed a positive correlation of HDL-C with 25 (OH) vitamin D and a negative correlation of HDL-C with CRP. This relationship had different patterns in the statistical network analysis. The network analysis patterns are preserved for males and females, except for the relationship between CRP and vitamin D, which is present in male cases and absent in females. The same triangular relationship between all three—CRP, vitamin D, and HDL-C was found with different strengths of partial correlation in obese and non-obese patients. This pattern was similar in patients with and without fatty liver. A shifted pattern was found in the network analysis of hypertensive patients. The CRP was negatively correlated with vitamin D and HDL-C, and vitamin D was positively correlated with HDL-C in non-hypertensive patients. Castelli’s Risk indexes I and II were positively associated with CRP, suggesting that increased cardiovascular risk is proportional to an inflammatory state. The triad formed by altered serum lipid levels, inflammation, and vitamin D represents a complex relationship marked by specific dynamics between lipidic fractions such as HDL-C and C-reactive protein and vitamin D.
Traumatic Neuroma of the Hard Palate Mimicking a Small Salivary Gland Tumor—A Case Report
Authors: Nelke Kamil , Janeczek Maciej , Pasicka Edyta , Żak Krzysztof , Łukaszewski Marceli , Nienartowicz Jan , Gogolewski Grzegorz , Maag Irma , Kuropka Piotr , Dobrzyński Maciej
Published: July 2024

In the case of any pathologies arising in the hard palate, it is always important to exclude their possible odontogenic origins. Cone-beam computed tomography is mandatory. In cases where a possible non-teeth-related pathology is confirmed, each clinician should remember possible differential diagnostics. Many small salivary glands between the mucosa and bone are present in this palatal area. Both benign and malignant tumors arising from the small glands, and mucosa of the hard palate, might occur. The case presented here mimics a solid tumor because of the nodule consistency. Because of a healthy palatal mucosa without any erosions or irritations with firm attachment to the submucosal nodule, a possible malignant tumor of small salivary gland origins was suspected in this case. When the tumor diameter is small, an excisional biopsy is required to collect good and representative material for further histopathological evaluation. In most cases, bulky nodules present on the palate are hard on palpation, non-movable, and covered with healthy mucosa. Possible bone infiltrations with mucous membrane ulcerations could manifest a more expansive character of the lesion. In the presented case, an unusual occurrence of a traumatic neuroma without any past traumatic etiology of the palate was first differentiated from the occurrence of adenoid-cystic carcinoma (ACC), pleomorphic adenoma, other benign/malignant small gland tumors, or atypical, fibroma/schwannoma of the palate. This paper presents treatment options for this rare oral neural tumor occurrence in the palate and differential diagnosis between hard palate tumors in a 42-year-old male patient, furthermore highlighting the role of an excisional biopsy as a good source for a tissue sample.
Eugenol: A Potential Modulator of Human Platelet Activation and Mouse Mesenteric Vascular Thrombosis via an Innovative cPLA2-NF-κB Signaling Axis
Authors: Chang Yi , Hsia Chih-Wei , Chiou Kuan-Rau , Yen Ting-Lin , Jayakumar Thanasekaran , Sheu Joen-Rong , Huang Wei-Chieh
Published: July 2024

Background: Platelets, a type of anucleated cell, play a crucial role in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Therefore, targeting platelet activation is essential for mitigating CVDs. Endogenous agonists, such as collagen, activate platelets by initiating signal transduction through specific platelet receptors, leading to platelet aggregation. Eugenol, primarily sourced from clove oil, is known for its antibacterial, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a valuable medicinal agent. In our previous study, eugenol was shown to inhibit platelet aggregation induced by collagen and arachidonic acid. We concluded that eugenol exerts a potent inhibitory effect on platelet activation by targeting the PLCγ2–PKC and cPLA2-TxA2 pathways, thereby suppressing platelet aggregation. In our current study, we found that eugenol significantly inhibits NF-κB activation. This led us to investigate the relationship between the NF-κB and cPLA2 pathways to elucidate how eugenol suppresses platelet activation. Methods: In this study, we prepared platelet suspensions from the blood of healthy human donors to evaluate the inhibitory mechanisms of eugenol on platelet activation. We utilized immunoblotting and confocal microscopy to analyze these mechanisms in detail. Additionally, we assessed the anti-thrombotic effect of eugenol by observing fluorescein-induced platelet plug formation in the mesenteric microvessels of mice. Results: For immunoblotting and confocal microscopy studies, eugenol significantly inhibited NF-κB-mediated signaling events stimulated by collagen in human platelets. Specifically, it reduced the phosphorylation of IKK and p65 and prevented the degradation of IκBα. Additionally, CAY10502, a cPLA2 inhibitor, significantly reduced NF-κB-mediated signaling events. In contrast, BAY11-7082, an IKK inhibitor, did not affect collagen-stimulated cPLA2 phosphorylation. These findings suggest that cPLA2 acts as an upstream regulator of NF-κB activation during platelet activation. Furthermore, both BAY11-7082 and CAY10502 significantly reduced the collagen-induced rise in intracellular calcium levels. In the animal study, eugenol demonstrated potential as an anti-thrombotic agent by significantly reducing platelet plug formation in fluorescein-irradiated mouse mesenteric microvessels. Conclusion: Our study uncovered a novel pathway in platelet activation involving the cPLA2-NF-κB axis, which plays a key role in the antiplatelet effects of eugenol. These findings suggest that eugenol could serve as a valuable and potent prophylactic or therapeutic option for arterial thrombosis.
Beyond Blood Sugar: How Left Atrium Strain Predicts Cardiac Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Benchea Laura-Cătălina , Anghel Larisa , Zăvoi Alexandra , Chiuariu Traian , Birgoan Silviu-Gabriel , Sascău Radu Andy , Stătescu Cristian
Published: July 2024

Speckle tracking echocardiography is an innovative imaging technique that evaluates myocardial motion, including the function of the left atrium (LA). The assessment of the left atrium’s function across its dimensions can have diagnostic and prognostic roles in various cardiovascular conditions. Left atrial strain has been recognized as a valuable predictor of mortality and cardiovascular incidents in the general population across various conditions. For individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), left atrial dysfunction, as gauged by speckle tracking echocardiography, appears particularly prognostic. Parameters such as peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) and left atrial stiffness have been linked with heightened risks of severe cardiovascular events, including atrial fibrillation (AF), heart failure (HF) hospitalizations, or mortality. Consequently, recognizing left atrial dysfunction early is crucial for accurate diagnosis, guiding treatment choices, comprehensive patient management, and prognosis evaluation. Using two-dimensional (2D) speckle tracking echocardiography, results from recent studies report that treatment with empagliflozin significantly enhanced LA function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, improving left atrial strain (LAS) contraction and reservoir values. Furthermore, treatments with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP)-1 receptor agonists and sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors were shown to improve LA reservoir strain more effectively than insulin alone, suggesting their potential in reducing cardiovascular complications in T2DM patients. This narrative review further addresses ongoing challenges and potential enhancements needed to boost the clinical value of left atrium strain, emphasizing its significance in managing and improving outcomes for diabetic patients.
CRISPR-Based Biosensors for Medical Diagnosis: Readout from Detector-Dependence Detection Toward Naked Eye Detection
Authors: Hu Kai , Yin Weihong , Bai Yunhan , Zhang Jiarui , Yin Juxin , Zhu Qiangyuan , Mu Ying
Published: July 2024

The detection of biomarkers (such as DNA, RNA, and protein) plays a vital role in medical diagnosis. The CRISPR-based biosensors utilize the CRISPR/Cas system for biometric recognition of targets and use biosensor strategy to read out biological signals without the employment of professional operations. Consequently, the CRISPR-based biosensors demonstrate great potential for the detection of biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity. However, the signal readout still relies on specialized detectors, limiting its application in on-site detection for medical diagnosis. In this review, we summarize the principles and advances of the CRISPR-based biosensors with a focus on medical diagnosis. Then, we review the advantages and progress of CRISPR-based naked eye biosensors, which can realize diagnosis without additional detectors for signal readout. Finally, we discuss the challenges and further prospects for the development of CRISPR-based biosensors.
Development of a NIR Iridium(III) Complex-Based Probe for the Selective Detection of Iron(II) Ions
Authors: Wang Wanyi , Zhang Zixi , Liu Jingqi , Kong Lingtan , Wang Wanhe , Leung Chung-Hang , Wang Jing
Published: July 2024

As a commonly used metal ion, iron(II) (Fe2+) ions pose a potential threat to ecosystems and human health. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop analytical techniques for the rapid and accurate detection of Fe2+ ions. However, the development of near-infrared (NIR) luminescence probes with good photostability for Fe2+ ions remain challenging. In this work, we report a novel iridium(III) complex-based luminescence probe for the sensitive and rapid detection of Fe2+ ions in a solution based on an Fe2+-mediated reduction reaction. This probe is capable of sensitively detecting Fe2+ ions with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.26 μM. Furthermore, this probe shows high photostability, and its luminescence remains stable under 365 nm irradiation over a time period of 30 min. To our knowledge, this is first iridium(III) complex-based NIR probe for the detection of Fe2+ ions. We believe that this work provides a new method for the detection of Fe2+ ions and has great potential for future applications in water quality testing and human monitoring.
Qualitative Evaluation of the Impact of a School Mental Health Literacy Curriculum on Student–Teacher Relationships
Authors: Figas Kristen , Chandler Tucker , Niles Madison , Chehoski Brooke , Parham Brittany , Weist Mark D.
Published: July 2024

Mental health literacy (MHL) programs, which aim to improve knowledge, reduce stigma and promote help-seeking behavior, are a promising approach to meeting the growing mental and behavioral health needs of youth. This study aimed to understand the relational impacts of a MHL curriculum on students and teachers. A MHL curriculum was delivered in middle school classrooms across 11 schools in two diverse school districts in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeast regions. Fifteen teachers and counselors who delivered the MHL curriculum participated in focus groups to describe their experiences using the curriculum and perceptions of its impact. Qualitative focus group data were analyzed via team-based inductive thematic analysis following a grounded theory approach. Findings indicate that educators perceived the universal school MHL program to have a positive impact on relationships amongst students and between students and teachers. Participants reported that the MHL curriculum helped to open conversations about mental health and related topics by developing common language and providing an opportunity to model vulnerability. Having these conversations improved classroom rapport and helped teachers develop deeper connections with students. As a result, teachers and students achieved greater empathy and students advocated more for themselves and their peers. Implications for integrating MHL programs into multi-tiered frameworks in schools to expand access to mental health supports are discussed.
Sharing or Hiding? Exploring the Influence of Social Cognition and Emotion on Employee Knowledge Behaviors within Enterprise Social Media
Authors: He Mingming , Yuan Ziyi , She Wenhao
Published: July 2024

As emerging knowledge management platforms, enterprise social media (ESM) provide an important way for employees to engage in knowledge sharing and information communication within their organization. However, the question of how to encourage employees to engage in continuous knowledge sharing rather than knowledge hiding on ESM has not received sufficient attention from scholars. In contrast to previous studies that focused on a single theory perspective and a single knowledge behavior, in this study, we took a user cognition and emotion perspective and constructed a mechanism model for the impact of knowledge sharing and knowledge hiding among employees on ESM based on social cognition theory and emotion as social information theory. A total of 240 valid questionnaires were collected and used to empirically test the model. The results indicate that reciprocity and outcome expectancy have a significant positive effect on employees’ knowledge-sharing behavior, while reciprocity and trust have a significant negative effect on employees’ knowledge-hiding behavior. Positive emotions play a positive (enhancing) moderating role on the path between outcome expectancy and knowledge-sharing behavior, while negative emotions play a negative (weakening) moderating role on the path between reciprocity and knowledge-hiding behavior, as well as between trust and knowledge-hiding behavior. By incorporating employee emotions into the framework of social cognition’s impact on employee knowledge behavior, this study enriches theories related to enterprise social media, knowledge management, and user behaviors. Our research findings have practical implications for guiding employees to engage in positive knowledge sharing and reducing knowledge hiding on enterprise social media.
The Influence of a Reflective Identity Leadership Intervention on Perceived Identity Leadership, Social Identity, and Psychological Safety in Cricket
Authors: Hoult Adam , Mansell Paul , Slater Matthew J.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of an identity leadership-framed reflective practice intervention on perceptions of leadership, social identity, and psychological safety in cricket. Building on previous evidence, an eight-week design included three intervention group coaches and their athletes (n = 32) and three control group coaches and their athletes (n = 34). Measurements of perceived coach identity leadership, social identity, and psychological safety were completed by cricket athletes at week 0 and week 8 for both groups. Intervention group coaches completed three identity leadership-framed reflective tasks in weeks one, three, and five, while the control group coaches continued their regular practices. Controlling for baseline scores, our analysis indicated that compared to the control group, the intervention group athletes reported significantly greater coach identity leadership behaviours, social identity, and psychological safety following the intervention. Social validation data highlighted shared identity, relationships, and learning as potential mechanisms for the positive results seen.
Thermal Effects on Prestress Loss in Pretensioned Concrete Girders
Authors: Yu Qu , Yang Yongqing , Ren Yu
Published: July 2024

The fabrication process of pretensioned prestressed concrete (PC) girders involves temperature changes, which affect the effective prestress and mechanical properties of the girders. Currently, there is a lack of a holistic understanding and accurate calculation methods for the prestress variation due to temperature change (PVTC), leading to technical challenges in calculating effective prestress in pretensioned PC girders. This study investigates the PVTC in three stages considering the time-varying interaction between concrete and tendons, proposes a new method to consider the effect of a deviator on the PVTC of a bent tendon, conducts an experimental study to validate the theoretical analysis, and develops measures for reducing the PVTC. The results show that the presented method provides reasonable predictions of PVTC, and the PVTC of the girder with steam curing is up to 80.3 MPa. Based on the presented method, measures for reducing the PVTC are proposed. This study provides new insights into computing the PVTC and improves the design and fabrication of pretensioned PC girders.
Experiment on Freeze–Thaw Resistance of Tunnel Portal-Lining Concrete with Silicone Coating in Cold Regions
Authors: Zhou Yuanfu , Zheng Jinlong , Zheng Bo , Yang Feng , Guo Rui , Huang Hongyu
Published: July 2024

The freeze–thaw effect has a significant impact on the strength deterioration of tunnel-lining concrete in cold regions. Therefore, the strength deterioration characteristics of concrete in a tunnel were studied, and silicone coating materials were used to improve its frost resistance and durability under freeze–thaw cycles. Freeze–thaw cycle tests were conducted on concrete specimens with different coatings. The freeze–thaw damage phenomenon, dynamic elastic modulus, and mass loss of the specimens were used to evaluate the freeze–thaw durability of concrete strengthened with coatings. The results demonstrated that silicone coatings effectively prevented moisture and corrosive substances from infiltrating the concrete, thereby enhancing its durability; the silicone–polyether hybrid had the most significant frost resistance at 500 g/m2 and silane type III at 300 g/m2, with freezing resistance times of 175 and 300, respectively. During the freeze–thaw process, the strength reduction rate of specimens was much greater than the mass loss rate of concrete. Taking into account the water environment surrounding the lining concrete and the site temperature, an equivalent indoor freeze–thaw cycle conversion model was established. The results can provide an experimental basis for selecting better frost-resistant materials for tunnel concrete in cold regions.
Identification of Sources of Complexity in Various Types of Building Projects in India Based on Design and Performance Attributes
Authors: Ramanathan Jagadeesh Babu , Rathore Archana
Published: July 2024

Building projects as sub-sect of construction projects are complex and different in design and performance attributes. The prominent classes of building projects are high-rise residential buildings, hospitals, hotels, general offices, retail buildings/malls, educational institutions, and warehouses. In this study, building projects have been classified based on their end use. Complexities vary between construction projects and within various types of building projects, as well as across regions and countries. Understanding the sources of complexity is imperative to strategize their successful development. This research paper attempts to identify the sources of complexities using the design and performance attributes of seven prominent building types. A survey was conducted through experienced architects and construction professionals (the mean years of experience being approximately 13.88 years) over 34 different attributes or parameters under six categories. These attributes have been shortlisted from past research work by various authors, and the pilot study for this project. The Kruskal-Wallis Test was used to calculate the mean ranking and to confirm that the medians of each building type were not the same when compared against each attribute, irrespective of the level of complexity. Using data analysis and the mean ranking scores as a representation of relative complexity, primary sources of complexity in each class of buildings have been identified and listed. The results indicate that hospitals (as a building typology) are relatively the most complex building facilities in terms of design and performance attributes, showing the highest mean ranking towards 16 attributes (with only one shared ranking). Hospitals are followed by retail/malls (10 with one shared ranking), hotels (3), high-rise residential buildings (4), educational institutions (2), general offices (0), and warehouses (0). Strategies to manage these attributes have been proposed for each building typology so that the risks emanating from the complexities of these building projects can be mitigated and effectively managed at the design stage.
Clustering Open Data for Predictive Modeling of Residential Energy Consumption across Variable Scales: A Case Study in Andalusia, Spain
Authors: García-López Javier , Domínguez-Amarillo Samuel , Sendra Juan José
Published: July 2024

The energy budget of households, linked to residential energy consumption (REC), serves as a critical indicator of quality of life and economy trends. Despite the lack of widely available accurate statistics at regional or smaller scales, they are of crucial interest for a better understanding of the features influencing REC and its impact on energy poverty, wellbeing, and the climate crisis. This research aims to present a new information model for predictive parameters and REC forecasting through an innovative use of available open data. Geoprocessing, data mining, and machine learning clustering algorithms were applied to open datasets of location, population, and residential building stock parameters highly correlated with their REC, on the ensemble of 785 municipalities of Andalusia, Spain. The model identified 65 clusters of towns sharing the same potential REC, with 73% of the population concentrated in 10 of these. The resulting data-driven bottom-up model of provincial REC had a mean absolute error of only 0.63%. Furthermore, it provided the territorial distribution, with local resolution, of the identified clusters of cities with similar characteristics. This methodology, with a flexible regional- to city-scale analysis, provides knowledge generation that offers numerous practical applications for energy policy planning. Its future implementation would assist stakeholders and policymakers in enhancing the performance and decarbonization of the residential building stock.
Research on Arrangement of Measuring Points for Modal Identification of Spatial Grid Structures
Authors: Zhou Chunjuan , Wu Jinzhi , Sun Guojun , Hu Jie , Xu Qize , Li Yang , Liu Mingliang
Published: July 2024

In structural health monitoring, because the number of sensors used is far lower than the number of degrees of freedom of the structure being monitored, the optimization problem of the location and number of sensors in the structures is becoming more and more prominent. However, spatial grid structures are complex and diverse, and their dynamic characteristics are complex. It is difficult to accurately measure their vibration information. Therefore, an appropriate optimization method must be used to determine the optimal positioning of sensor placement. Aiming at the problem that spatial grid structures have many degrees of freedom and the fact that it is difficult to obtain complete vibration information, this paper analyzed the typical EI method, MKE method, and EI-MKE method in the arrangement of the measuring points, and it was verified that the EI method was more suitable for the vibration detection of spatial grid structures through the example of a plane truss and spatial grid structures. Measuring points under the assumption of structural damage were explored, and it was proposed that there might have been a stable number of measuring points that could cover the possible vibration mode changes in the structures. At the same time, combined with the three-level improved Guyan recursive technique, in order to obtain better complete modal parameters, the influence of the number of measuring points on the complete vibration mode information was studied. It was concluded that MACd was better than MACn as the quantitative target.
Research on a Vibration Model of a Superstructure under the Vibration Load of Metro Trains
Authors: Liu Yang , Xu Haodong , Xia Wei , Cai Wenfeng , Zheng Senlin
Published: July 2024

In view of the problem that vibration of superstructures under vibration loads of metro trains causes, this research used a metro depot and superstructure project as its background and proposed a numerical simulation method based on the impedance analytical model and finite element model to simulate and predict the vibration and secondary noise response of subway trains affecting multi-story buildings at different locations on the ground and in the superstructure. The method’s accuracy was verified using real measurement data. The research shows that vibrations generated by subway operations vertically at lower floors remain relatively unchanged, then slowly attenuate before increasing near the top floors. Mitigation measures should primarily address four aspects: rails, fasteners, sleepers, and roadbed. The adverse effects of vibration can be controlled by reducing the excitation intensity of the vibration source, attenuating vibrations along the propagation path, and isolating vibrations in the foundation and interior of the building. This research method can quickly and accurately predict the vibration and noise conditions of superstructure properties and provide support for vibration and noise reduction in practical engineering.
Theoretical Analysis of Energy Distribution Characteristics in Deeply Buried Circular Tunnels with a Revealed Cave
Authors: Xu Deming , Wang Yuan , Huang Jingqi
Published: July 2024

This study aims to analyze the distribution characteristics of energy in deeply buried circular tunnels with a revealed cave. Analytical solutions for the stress and elastic strain energies in these tunnels are derived using the complex variable method and compared with numerical solutions obtained from finite element simulations. Subsequently, a parametric study investigates the effects of the cave’s orientation, shape, and protrusion on the distribution of elastic strain energy. Finally, the influence of the revealed cave on the stability of the surrounding rock is analyzed using the evaluation index based on energy theory. The conclusions are as follows: the presence of the cave causes elastic strain energy to accumulate in the surrounding rock near the middle of the cave. The smaller the angle between the cave direction and the minimum principal stress, the more severe the energy accumulation near the cave. As the cave’s protrusion increases and the b/a ratio of its shape decreases, energy accumulation near the cave becomes more severe. The presence of the cave increases the tendency for tunnel failure. The middle of the cave is susceptible to damage due to the accumulation of strain energy, while the intersection of the cave and the tunnel is more prone to damage because tensile stresses lower the energy threshold for surrounding rock failure. The study indicates that the middle of the cave and the junction between the cave and the tunnel are key areas requiring safety protection during construction.
Port Site Metastasis in Women with Low- or Intermediate-Risk Endometrial Carcinoma: A Systematic Review of Literature
Authors: Raffone Antonio , Raimondo Diego , Colalillo Alessio , Raspollini Arianna , Neola Daniele , Travaglino Antonio , Vargiu Virginia , Turco Luigi Carlo , Vastarella Maria Giovanna , Seracchioli Renato , Fanfani Francesco , Cobellis Luigi , Cosentino Francesco
Published: July 2024

Background: Port site metastasis (PSM) has been reported as a rare metastasis in women with endometrial carcinoma (EC). However, even more rarely, it has also been described in patients with low- or intermediate-risk EC. Unfortunately, knowledge appears limited on the topic. Objectives: Our objective was to systematically review the literature on PSM in low- or intermediate-risk EC. Search Strategy: A systematic review of the literature was performed by searching six electronic databases from their inception to January 2023. Selection Criteria: We included in our research all peer-reviewed studies which reported PSM in low- or intermediate-risk EC women. Data Collection and Analysis: Data on PSM were collected from the included studies and compared. Results: Seven studies with 13 patients (including our case) were included in the systematic review. PSM was reported in patients with low- or intermediate-risk EC independently from tumor histologic characteristics, endoscopic approach, lymph node staging type, number and site of the port, route of specimen removal, prevention strategies for PSM, and concomitant metastases. Among several proposed treatments, local resection and radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy might be the most appropriate ones. Nevertheless, the prognosis appears poor. Conclusions: In patients with low- or intermediate-risk EC, PSM can occur as a rare metastasis, regardless of tumor characteristics or surgical strategy. Unfortunately, no consensus has been reached regarding treatment, and the prognosis appears poor. Additional cases are needed in order to confirm and further explore this rare EC metastasis.
Unraveling Cancer’s Wnt Signaling: Dynamic Control through Protein Kinase Regulation
Authors: Tümen Deniz , Heumann Philipp , Huber Julia , Hahn Nele , Macek Celina , Ernst Martha , Kandulski Arne , Kunst Claudia , Gülow Karsten
Published: July 2024

Since the initial identification of oncogenic Wnt in mice and Drosophila, the Wnt signaling pathway has been subjected to thorough and extensive investigation. Persistent activation of Wnt signaling exerts diverse cancer characteristics, encompassing tumor initiation, tumor growth, cell senescence, cell death, differentiation, and metastasis. Here we review the principal signaling mechanisms and the regulatory influence of pathway-intrinsic and extrinsic kinases on cancer progression. Additionally, we underscore the divergences and intricate interplays of the canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways and their critical influence in cancer pathophysiology, exhibiting both growth-promoting and growth-suppressing roles across diverse cancer types.