bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Fast Solving Monolith Reactor Simulators: Computational Fluid Dynamics Studies of Methane Oxidation
Authors: Khama Mopeli , Rawatlal Randhir , Jones Glenn
Published: December 2018

The optimisation of complex geometries such as that of monolith reactors can be supported by computation and simulation. However, complex boundaries such as those found in multi-channel monoliths where mass and heat transfer of characteristic of the reaction diffusion equation render such simulations of extremely high computational expense. In the first step toward developing a fast-solving hybrid simulation, a detailed CFD simulation was used to obtain the unsteady state, spatial temperature and concentration (and hence reaction rate) profiles for a range of input conditions. The results of the CFD simulation were then accepted as the benchmark to which faster-solving models were measured against to be considered as viable descriptions. The model evaluated here is a modified plug flow with effectiveness factor correction for wall mass-transfer. A close agreement between both temperature and species mole fraction profiles predicted from the modified plug flow model and a detailed CFD model was found with R2 values of 0.994 for temperature. The time needed to find a converged solution for plug flow model on an Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-5300U CPU @ 2.30 GHz workstation was found to be 53 seconds in comparison to 1.3 hours taken by a CFD model.
Estimating Causal Effects of New Treatments Despite Self-Selection: The Case of Experimental Medical Treatments
Authors: Hazlett Chad
Published: December 2018

Providing terminally ill patients with access to experimental treatments, as allowed by recent “right to try” laws and “expanded access” programs, poses a variety of ethical questions. While practitioners and investigators may assume it is impossible to learn the effects of these treatment without randomized trials, this paper describes a simple tool to estimate the effects of these experimental treatments on those who take them, despite the problem of selection into treatment, and without assumptions about the selection process. The key assumption is that the average outcome, such as survival, would remain stable over time in the absence of the new treatment. Such an assumption is unprovable, but can often be credibly judged by reference to historical data and by experts familiar with the disease and its treatment. Further, where this assumption may be violated, the result can be adjusted to account for a hypothesized change in the non-treatment outcome, or to conduct a sensitivity analysis. The method is simple to understand and implement, requiring just four numbers to form a point estimate. Such an approach can be used not only to learn which experimental treatments are promising, but also to warn us when treatments are actually harmful – especially when they might otherwise appear to be beneficial, as illustrated by example here. While this note focuses on experimental medical treatments as a motivating case, more generally this approach can be employed where a new treatment becomes available or has a large increase in uptake, where selection bias is a concern, and where an assumption on the change in average non-treatment outcome over time can credibly be imposed.
The largest conjugacy class size and the nilpotent subgroups of finite groups
Authors: Qian Guohua , Yang Yong
Published: December 2018

Let H be a nilpotent subgroup of a finite nonabelian group G, let

π
=

π
⁢

(

|
H
|

)

{\pi=\pi(|H|)}

and let

bcl
⁡

(
G
)

{{\operatorname{bcl}}(G)}

be the largest conjugacy class size of the group G. In the present paper, we show that

|

H
⁢

O
π

⁢

(
G
)

/

O
π

⁢

(
G
)

|

<

bcl
⁡

(
G
)

{|HO_{\pi}(G)/O_{\pi}(G)|<{\operatorname{bcl}}(G)}

.
Von der Ostforschung zur Historischen Semantik
Authors: Tietze Peter
Published: December 2018

Vorspann

Als im August 1933 der 7. Internationale Historikertag in Warschau zusammentrat, gehörte der deutschen Delegation auch Richard Koebner an – und das war umso bemerkenswerter, da der Breslauer Historiker schon Monate zuvor von den nationalsozialistischen Machthabern als Jude aus dem Universitätsdienst entfernt worden war. Der ausgewiesene Kenner mittelalterlicher Stadtgeschichte erwies seiner alten Heimat so einen letzten Dienst im „Volkstumskampf“ um deutsche Siedlungsräume in Ostmitteleuropa, bevor er einen Ruf an die Hebräische Universität Jerusalem annahm. Peter Tietze analysiert auf breiter Quellenbasis das Geschichtsdenken Richard Koebners und zeigt auf, wie ihn seine Auseinandersetzung mit dem Mainstream der deutschen Ostforschung in der Emigration zu einem Vorreiter der Historischen Semantik werden ließ.
Theorie der Streuung schneller geladener Teilchen II Mehrfach-und Vielfachstreuung
Authors: Moliere Gert
Published: December 2018

Die Theorie der inkohärenten Mehrfach-und Vielfachstreuung zu (absolut) kleinen Winkeln wird neu entwickelt. Gegenüber den bisherigen Theorien, auf deren Methoden z.Tl. aufgebaut wird, werden folgende Fortschritte erzielt:

1. Es wird das in Tl. I abgeleitete, für beliebige Werte von a = zZ/(137ß) gültige Einzelstreugesetz zugrunde gelegt.
Cut-off Value for Stenosis Ratio and Zung Depression Scale in Successful Prediction of Posterior Spinal Fusion surgery
Authors: Babaee Mahsa , Zali Alireza , Sepehri Mohammad Mehdi , Razzaghi Zahra
Published: December 2018

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate effect of some clinical attributes in prediction of satisfaction with posterior spinal fusion (PSF) surgery in patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS) and determine a cut-off point for these attributes. Methods: The attributes such as stenosis ratio (SR) values (described by Lurencin), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA), The Zung depression scale (ZDS), duration of symptoms (in months), were investigated for 329 patients with LSCS and 151 patients with LDH separately. Patient satisfaction was recorded based on the international standard questionnaire Swiss Spinal Stenosis Score (SSS). The sensitivity and specificity values and the optimal cut-off points were calculated for SR, JOA, ZDS and duration of symptoms using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: One hundred fifty-one patients with LDH (39 male, 112 female; mean age 50.24 ± 9.21 years) and 329 patients with LSCS (111 male, 218 female; mean age 53.28 ±7.81 years) were followed–up for 6 months. Post-surgical satisfaction was 73.86% in patients with LSCS and 85.43% in patients with LDH. The cut-off point of SR for prediction of besting surgical outcome was estimated more than 0.46 with asymptotic significance less than 0.05, 60% sensitivity and 75% specificity in LSCS patients (AUC-0.705, 95% CI, 0.644–0.766; P < 0.001). Conclusion: The findings show that the SR with a cut off value of 0.46 cross sectional area, in patients with LSCS may be superior to JOA, duration of symptoms and ZDS for prediction of satisfaction with PSF surgery.
Secondary Brain Lymphoma in a Case of Breast Diffused Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Case Report
Authors: Javadian Hamed , Jalili Khoshnood Reza , Shahmohammadi Mohammad Reza , Hosseini Seyed Amir Hassan , Keikhaee Mohsen
Published: December 2018

Secondary central nervous system lymphoma (SCNSL) is known as a rare disease. The risk factor of developing SCNSL is primary lymphoma type and site of involvement. We present a patient with an altered mental status known case of breast diffused large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who underwent stereotactic biopsy because of a left periventricular mass lesion, which diagnosed as secondary brain lymphoma after pathologic typing. Because of limited data about the secondary central nervous system, lymphoma and it is a risk factor, we reported an aggressive breast DLBCL with brain involvement.
Pneumatic Lithotripsy Versus Laser Lithotripsy for Ureteral Stones
Authors: Abedi Amir Reza , Razzaghi Mohammad Reza , Allameh Farzad , Aliakbari Fereshte , FallahKarkan Morteza , Ranjbar Arash
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Several different modalities are available for ureteral stone fragmentation. From them pneumatic and holmium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Ho: YAG) lithotripsy have supportive outcomes. In this study we studied 250 subjects who had ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy (PL) or laser lithotripsy (LL). Methods: Two-hundred fifty patients with ureteral stones underwent ureteroscopic lithotripsy (115 subjects in the PL group, 135 subjects in the LL group) from August 2010 to April 2016. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate stone-free rate (SFR), mean operation time (MOT), mean hospital stay (MHS), stone migration and complications. Results: Two groups were similar in age, gender, mean size of stones, side of stone, and complications. There was a statistical difference in terms of SFR, stone migration and MHS in favor of the LL group (P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.05 respectively), and MOT in favor of the PL group (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Both the PL and LL techniques were effective and safe for ureteral stones, however a slightly higher SFR was found in the LL group.
Effect of Laser Irradiation on Cell Cycle and Mitosis
Authors: Ganjali Monireh , Seifalian Alexander M. , Mozafari Masoud
Published: December 2018

Introduction: In this research, low-level helium-neon (He-Ne) laser irradiation effects on monkey kidney cells (Vero cell line) mitosis were studied. Methods: The experiment was carried out on a monkey kidney cell line "Vero (CCL-81)". This is a lineage of cells used in cell cultures and can be used for efficacy and media testing. The monolayer cells were formed on coating glass in a spectral cuvette (20×20×30 mm). The samples divided into two groups. The first groups as irradiated monolayer cells were exposed by a He-Ne laser (PolyaronNPO, L’vov, Ukraine) with λ=632.8 nm, max power density (P) = 10 mW/cm2 , generating linearly polarized and the second groups as the control monolayer cells were located in a cuvette protected by a lightproof screen from the first cuvette and also from the laser exposure. Then, changing functional activity of the monolayer cells, due to the radiation influence on some physical factors were measured. Results: The results showed that low-intensity laser irradiation in the range of visible red could make meaningful changes in the cell division process (the mitosis activity). These changes depend on the power density, exposure time, the presence of a magnetic field, and the duration of time after exposure termination. The stimulatory effects on the cell division within the power density of 1-6 mW/(cm2 ) and exposure time in the range of 1-10 minutes was studied. It is demonstrated that the increase in these parameters (power density and exposure time) leads to destructing the cell division process. Conclusion: The results are useful to identify the molecular mechanisms caused by low-intensity laser effects on the biological activities of the cells. Thus, this study helps to optimize medical laser technology as well as achieving information on the therapeutic effects of low-intensity lasers.
Combined Effect of Low-Level Laser Treatment and Levothyroxine on Wound Healing in Rats With Hypothyroidism
Authors: Firouzi Amin , Norozian Mohsen , Amini Abdollah , Abdollahifar Mohammad-Amin , Abbaszadeh Hojjat-Allah , Fadaei Fathabadi Fatemeh
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Hypothyroidism delays wound healing by reducing the synthesis of keratinocytes, fibroblast cells, and collagen. Methods for enhancement of wound healing include laser therapy and hormone therapy. The current study evaluated the combined effect of laser and levothyroxine therapy to cure wounds in male rats with hypothyroidism. Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: (1) healthy controls; (2) controls with hypothyroidism; (3) hypothyroidism + laser treatment; (4) hypothyroidism + levothyroxine treatment; (5) hypothyroidism + laser + levothyroxine treatment. Hypothyroidism was induced by dissolving 4 mg of methimazole in 100 mL of drinking water daily for 28 days. After hypothyroidism had been confirmed, a longitudinal incisional wound was created on the dorsal rib cages of the rats. The wounds that received laser treatment were divided into 12 sections and treated at 810 nm wavelength and 0.2 J/cm2 of energy density for 200 seconds. Levothyroxine was administrated in doses of 20 µg/kg/d i.p. All groups were divided into 3 subgroups for testing on days 4, 7 and 14. Samples were collected in all the subgroups. Results: The results showed that hypothyroidism reduced fibrous tissue volume, fibroblasts, and basal cell numbers. The combined effect of laser and levothyroxine improved all parameters. Conclusion: Combined laser and levothyroxine treatment showed the best effect on wound healing and accelerated the closure of the wounds.
The Esthetic Crown Lengthening by Er;Cr:YSGG laser: A Case Series
Authors: Fekrazad Reza , Moharrami Mohammad , Chiniforush Nasim
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Laser technology as a new modality in dentistry has gained special attention. Among different types of lasers, erbium lasers have gained special attention for management of oral soft and hard tissue simultaneously. This study presents series of cases of crown lengthening (CL) and restorations accomplished by erbium, chromium: yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG). Case Reports: Seven patients were selected for this study. After complete oral examination and diagnosis, the treatment plan of each patient was designed. All cases needed esthetic CL. In some cases, frenum revision and class V cavity preparation was done by Er;Cr:YSGG laser. All patients treated with Er;Cr:YSGG laser producing a wavelength of 2780 nm (Biolase, Irvine, California, USA); Tip T4, 400 µm Diameter for soft tissue management and Tip G6, 6 mm long, 600 µm diameter for hard tissue management. Results: All patients reflected acceptable results based on clinical evaluation and patients’ declaration of post-surgical status. Conclusion: Using Er;Cr:YSGG laser in class v cavity preparation and flapless CL seemed to be effective and beneficial.
Gut Microbiota and Fecal Metabolome Perturbation in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Mohamadkhani Ashraf
Published: December 2018

The brain-intestinal axis concept describes the communication between the intestinal microbiota as an ecosystem of a number of dynamic microorganisms and the brain. The composition of the microbial community of the human gut is important for human health by influencing the total metabolomic profile. In children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the composition of the fecal microbiota and their metabolic products has a different configuration of the healthy child. An imbalance in the metabolite derived from the microbiota in children with ASD affect brain development and social behavior. In this article, we review recent discoveries about intestinal metabolites derived from microbiota based on high-yield molecular studies in children with ASD as part of the "intestinal brain axis".
Comparison of Levofloxacin-Based, 10-day Sequential Therapy with 14-day Quadruple Therapy for Helicobacter Pylori Eradication: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Hajiani Eskandar , Alavinejad Pezhman , Avandi Nahid , Masjedizadeh Abdol Rahim , Shayesteh Ali Akbar
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND Considering the importance of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication, this clinical trial was designed to prospectively evaluate the efficacy of levofloxacin-based, sequential therapy in comparison with quadruple therapy for eradicating H. pylori. METHODS Overall 156 patients with dyspepsia and H. pylori infection were included in this study and were randomly allocated to either 10-day sequential therapy group (group A) to receive pantoprazole (40 mg twice daily), amoxicillin (1 gr twice daily), levofloxacin (500 mg twice daily), and tinidazole (500 mg twice daily) (PALT) or 14-day quadruple therapy group (group B) to receive pantoprazole, clarithromycin, bismuth subcitrate, and amoxicillin (PABC). At the end of the study the eradication rate in each group was assessed by urea breath test (UBT). RESULTS Age range of the participants was 18-65 years (average 36.9 years) and 50% of them (78 patients) were men. 78 patients were allocated to group A and 78 patients to groupe B. After antibiotic therapy, all the patients received acid suppression therapy with Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) for 4 weeks and then the eradication rate was confirmed by UBT (Heli FAN plus 13C, Germany). Before performing UBT, all the participants were requested to halt consumption of PPI for at least 1 week. During the treatment there was not any major complication but in group A (sequential therapy), two patients complained of minor complications including musculoskeletal pain. None of the patients in group B had any complaint or side effect. The rate of H. pylori eradication in group A was 78.2% (61 patients) while this rate in group B was 83.3% (65 patients) with no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.42). In subgroup analysis, the rate of eradication among men in group A and B were 76.9% and 89.7%, respectively (p = 0.22) while the eradication rate among women were 79.4% and 76.9%, respectively (p = 1.00). CONCLUSION It seems that levofloxacin base sequential therapy does not have any advantage in comparison with quadruple regimen and until finding any more effective short course therapy for H. Pylori eradication; we encourage quadruple regimen to be used as the first line therapy.
Complications of Colonoscopy and its Management: A Single Gastroenterologist Experience
Authors: Sadeghei Anahita , Malekzadeh Reza
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND Colonoscopy is a widely used procedure and although is generally safe, it could have both gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal complications. The aim of this report is to assess the major complications of colonoscopies performed by one expert gastroenterologist and their management in Tehran Iran. METHODS We have recoded the rates of adverse events and their management in all the colonoscopies performed by a single expert gastroenterologist during 23 years (1994-2017). Demographic factors including age, race, and sex, and colonoscopy findings and patients’ comorbidities were recorded. RESULTS During 23 years, 9012 colonoscopies and about 1700 polypectomies were performed. The number of serious complications was six (0.07%). Colonic perforation occurred in five patients (0.06%); three of whom had undergone polypectomies. All cases of colonic perforation were managed by surgery and all were discharged with no complications. One patient suffered from cardiac arrest just after colonoscopy in the recovery room and died 20 days after colonoscopy (0.01%). CONCLUSION Although the rate of adverse events after colonoscopy was low, it is still an important concern in developing screening recommendations in low and middle-income countries.
Collagenous Gastritis, a Rare Cause of Dyspepsia Resistant to Treatment; A Case Report
Authors: Zamani Farhad , Boghratian Amirhossein , Zare  Mehrjardi Ali , Naserifar Farshad , Vafaeimanesh Jamshid
Published: December 2018

Collagenous gastritis is hardly ever found in children and adults. Based on the extent of collagenous changes in the bowel, various symptoms may develop including iron deficiency, anemia, and abdominal pain in most of the patients. We present a 30-year-old man with persistent abdominal pain and anemia due to collagenous gastritis.
Medically Modified Eyes
Authors: Cain Emily R.
Published: December 2018

In Paedagogus 1.6.28, Clement describes baptism through the metaphor of a cataract surgery that enables the percipient to see God. In antiquity, cataract surgery was neither a common nor a safe procedure, which raises the question: why does Clement use such an unlikely metaphor for baptism? In this article, I demonstrate that this medical metaphor of cataract surgery enabled Clement to blur the line between the physical and the spiritual. The visual component of the metaphor allowed Clement to draw from Epicurean sensory perception and epistemology, which understood objects to emit tiny films that entered the eye of the body, with repeated contact leading to concept formation, in order to describe how the eye of the soul could see God once it has been transformed through baptism. For Clement, it is only through baptism that the cataract can be removed, thereby providing the baptized Christian with deified eyes to see God. In addition to having her cataract removed, according to Clement, the nature of the baptized Christian's vision changes from intromission to extramission, from receiving films to emitting a visual ray back to the divine. I further argue that the medical component of the metaphor allows Clement to describe the baptized Christian as fundamentally different from the rest of humanity and as part of an elite group that has undergone this uncommon and dangerous cataract surgery. Through these two aspects of his metaphor, Clement describes and defines Christians in terms of their medically modified eyes that enable them to see and to know God.
Not performing an OGTT results in underdiagnosis, inadequate risk assessment and probable cost increases of (pre)diabetes in Han Chinese over 40 years: a population-based prospective cohort study
Authors: Hu Xiang , Zhang Qiao , Zeng Tian-Shu , Zhang Jiao-Yue , Min Jie , Tian Sheng-Hua , Huang Hantao , Peng Miaomiao , Zhang Nan , Li Mengjiao , Wan Qing , Xiao Fei , Chen Yan , Wu Chaodong , Chen Lu-Lu
Published: December 2018

Objective

To explore the influence by not performing an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in Han Chinese over 40 years.

Design

Overall, 6682 participants were included in the prospective cohort study and were followed up for 3 years.

Methods

Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h post-load plasma glucose (2h-PG), FPG and 2h-PG (OGTT), and HbA1c testing using World Health Organization (WHO) or American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria were employed for strategy analysis.

Results

The prevalence of diabetes is 12.4% (95% CI: 11.6–13.3), while the prevalence of prediabetes is 34.1% (95% CI: 32.9–35.3) and 56.5% (95% CI: 55.2–57.8) using WHO and ADA criteria, respectively. 2h-PG determined more diabetes individuals than FPG and HbA1c. The testing cost per true positive case of OGTT is close to FPG and less than 2h-PG or HbA1c. FPG, 2h-PG and HbA1c strategies would increase costs from complications for false-positive (FP) or false-negative (FN) results compared with OGTT. Moreover, the least individuals identified as normal by OGTT at baseline developed (pre)diabetes, and the most prediabetes individuals identified by HbA1c or FPG using ADA criteria developed diabetes.

Conclusions

The prevalence of isolated impaired glucose tolerance and isolated 2-h post-load diabetes were high, and the majority of individuals with (pre)diabetes were undetected in Chinese Han population. Not performing an OGTT results in underdiagnosis, inadequate developing risk assessment and probable cost increases of (pre)diabetes in Han Chinese over 40 years and great consideration should be given to OGTT in detecting (pre)diabetes in this population. Further population-based prospective cohort study of longer-term effects is necessary to investigate the risk assessment and cost of (pre)diabetes.
La educación ambiental con enfoque integrador. Una experiencia en la formación inicial de profesores de matemática y física
Authors: Paula-Acosta Caridad Amado , Pérez-López Jesús , Sierra-Socorro Julio Jesús
Published: December 2018

En el presente trabajo se profundiza en el enfoque integrador del proceso de educación ambiental en la formación inicial del profesorado de matemática y física de la Universidad de Pinar del Río “Hermanos Saíz Montes de Oca”, dadas las insuficiencias que en el orden cognitivo, procedimental y actitudinal presentan las personas graduadas de esta carrera para enfrentar las exigencias que plantea la escuela. Dicho enfoque es concebido desde todos los componentes de la formación profesional (académico, laboral, investigativo y extensionista) y se concreta en cada año académico a partir de proyectos integradores. Con este fin se utilizaron métodos del nivel teórico del conocimiento, del nivel empírico y matemático-estadísticos. La validez práctica de la propuesta fue evaluada a partir de su introducción en el primer año de la carrera a través de un pre-experimento donde participaron 22 estudiantes y 11 docentes. Las técnicas usadas para la recolección de la información fueron la encuesta, la entrevista y la prueba pedagógica. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la efectividad de la propuesta, ya que su empleo permitió transformar el accionar del profesorado y estudiantes en el año académico y fue posible la apropiación integrada de los contenidos medioambientales. Esta experiencia es generalizable a otros años y carreras universitarias, para ello se recomienda partir de los problemas profesionales relacionados con la educación ambiental que deben resolver las futuras generaciones graduadas, de acuerdo con su perfil, y garantizar la preparación metodológica previa del profesorado de las diferentes asignaturas para el trabajo interdisciplinar y cooperativo con proyectos de año.
La planificación de la evaluación en educación física: Estudio de casos sobre un proceso desatendido en la enseñanza
Authors: Chaverra-Fernández Beatriz Elena , Hernández-Álvarez Juan Luis
Published: December 2018

Este artículo presenta los resultados parciales de una investigación más amplia que abordó las concepciones y la acción evaluativa de seis docentes de educación física de la educación básica secundaria y media de la ciudad de Medellín (Colombia). Específicamente, en este escrito, se presentan los hallazgos sobre uno de sus objetivos: analizar las decisiones que toma el profesorado antes de iniciar una unidad didáctica (planificación sobre la evaluación). La investigación asumió un diseño cualitativo, con un enfoque metodológico de estudio de caso múltiple. Las estrategias utilizadas para este objetivo fueron la entrevista semiestructurada y el análisis documental. Los principales hallazgos del estudio muestran que la planificación de la evaluación no es una actividad específica que demande un interés por parte del profesorado, dado que las experiencias anteriores les brindan la seguridad para abordar las unidades futuras sin realizar adaptaciones, según el grupo o el tema que se va a trabajar.
A Multinomial and Predictive Analysis of Factors Associated with University Dropout
Authors: Fernández-Martín Tatiana , Solís-Salazar Martín , Hernández-Jiménez María Teresa , Moreira-Mora Tania Elena
Published: December 2018

The phenomenon of dropout, by its complexity and educational and social impact, has been extensively studied to understand the specific causes. In this line of research, the purpose of this study was to analyze explanatory and predictive models of student dropout from university studies at the Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica (TEC), based on many variables recorded in the institutional system indicators. The first stage of the analysis considered multinomial regression models to identify the influence of these variables on the dropout. In the second analysis, six machine learning algorithms were evaluated in order to find a model that would predict student dropout. Data analysis showed that the probability of dropping out is related to sociodemographic variables, study program, academic history, scholarship and other benefits, and performance after first semester. In addition, the best predictor of dropout algorithm was the “random forest”, a probability of 0.83 to predict the dropout correctly and to capture 34% of the actual student dropout. These results are the first step toward building a more robust predictive model of dropout, which will contribute to preventive decision making in this university.
Evaluation of the Design and Didactic Development of Three Blended Learning Subjects. A Pilot Plan of the Faculty of Social Sciences at the Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Authors: Araya-Muñoz Isabel , Fonseca-Argüello Matilde , Majano-Benavides Jilma , Ugalde-Villalobos María Eugenia
Published: December 2018

This article presents the results of the exploratory pre-experimental evaluation process of design and didactic development of three subjects using the semi-distance learning model or blended learning, through a pilot application plan in bachelor’s degrees of the Faculty of Social Sciences at the Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica. First, the blended learning model was applied. Later, scientific information was collected through a survey of students, a panel discussion with teachers, and an analysis of the contents of the study programs. The results show that the interaction between students and teachers increases through their favorite activities such as forums and tasks, which strengthen the individual and collaborative work and the reflective analysis, aspects that favor building learnings. Various lines of research arise from this study; they are necessary to go in depth, specifically, in quasi-experimental studies. Some of these lines are the following: to show the assumptions of the blended learning and educational factors that favor the development of meaningful learning for the student; to determine what the cognitive processes, carried out in mixed learning environments, are; and to test the positive relationship between the student’s academic performance and the semi-distance didactics.
KERAGAMAN GENETIK IKAN TIGER FISH (Datnioides sp.) ASAL KALIMANTAN DAN SUMATERA
Authors: Fahmi Melta Rini , Hayuningtyas Erma Primanita , Zamroni Mochammad , Nur Bastiar , Sinansari Shofihar
Published: December 2018

Ikan tiger fish (Datnioides sp.) merupakan ikan hias air tawar yang memiliki nilai ekonomis penting. Distribusi populasi ikan ini meliputi Papua, Kalimantan, dan Sumatera, dengan tingkat eksploitasi yang cukup tinggi di dua lokasi terakhir. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan informasi keragaman genetik ikan tiger fish yang mendiami perairan Kalimantan dan Sumatera. Sebanyak 24 sampel ikan uji dikoleksi dari Sungai Kapuas, Kalimantan Barat dan Sungai Musi, Sumatera Selatan. Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua tahap, tahap pertama yaitu identifikasi molekuler dengan menggunakan DNA barcoding gen cytochrome oxidase 1 (COI), tahap kedua adalah analisis keragaman genetik dengan menggunakan marka DNA mitokondria gen cytochrome b (Cyt b), dan DNA inti gen recombination activating gene (RAG2). Hasil identifikasi secara molekuler menunjukkan bahwa ikan hasil koleksi memiliki kesamaan genetik sebesar 100% dengan spesies D. undecimradiatus. Keragaman genetik ikan tiger fish antar populasi berkisar pada nilai 0,023 (standar deviasi 0,001) sedangkan keragaman intra populasi adalah sebesar 0,002 dan 0,003 masing-masing untuk populasi Kalimantan dan Sumatera. Jarak genetik sampel baik yang berasal dari Sumatera maupun Kalimantan dengan spesies D. undeciumradiatus masing-masing 0,003 dan 0,006; sedangkan dengan spesies D. microlepis yaitu 0,142. Analisis menggunakan gen RAG2 menunjukkan sampel yang diuji memiliki struktur populasi yang terpisah ditandai dengan terjadinya mutasi pada enam nukleotida dan tiga asam amino.The Tiger fish (Datnioides sp.) is a freshwater ornamental fish that has important economic value. The distribution of this fish included Papua, Kalimantan, and Sumatra, but intensive exploitation occurs in the last two population. This research was conducted to obtain the genetic diversity of tiger fish that inhabited in Kalimantan and Sumatra. A total of 24 fish were collected from Kapuas River, West Kalimantan and Musi River, at Sumatra. The study was conducted in two stages, the first stage is molecular identification of sample by using DNA barcoding cytochrome oxidase 1 (COI) gene, the second stage is analyses of genetic diversity of tiger fish within and between population by using the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene, and nucleus DNA recombination (RAG2) gene. The molecular identification has shown that the collected fish has a genetic similarity of 100% with D. undecimradiatus. The genetic diversity of tiger fish between populations is 0.023 (standard deviation of 0.001) whereas intra-population is 0.002 and 0.003 for Kalimantan and Sumatra, respectively. The genetic distance of samples with species D. undeciumradiatus were 0.003 and 0.006 for Kalimantan and Sumatera, respectively, whereas the genetic distance with D. microlepis was 0.142. The analysis of mutation on RAG2 gene shows there are six nucleotides and three amino acids have mutation.
Narrating the intersection
Authors: Cashman Holly R.
Published: December 2018

This article examines the situated language practices of Susana, a trans woman originally from Mexico who has lived in the US Southwest for over two decades, during a 90-minute, in-depth sociolinguistic interview. The aim of this analysis is to examine the interconnectedness of coming out, migration, physical transformation (hormones, gender confirmation surgery), and ageing, with a particular focus on the indexing of time, space and transition. Methodologically, the qualitative analysis relies the concept of 'thicker intersectionalities' and employs a sociolinguistic approach to narrative analysis. Specifically, the analysis seeks to address how the concepts of the body, time, space, and transition are brought along into the narrative or brought about in the narrative, how these concepts are made relevant to a range of contexts (story-world, interview setting, beyond), how this works to make intersectionality visible, and how this visible intersectionality undermines dominant understandings of trans bodies, transition, and migration.
Intersectionality, language and queer lives
Authors: Gray John , Cooke Melanie
Published: December 2018

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ПЯТАЯ ЮБИЛЕЙНАЯ СЕССИЯ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЙ ШКОЛЫ КОРМОВ
Authors: Макаринская A. В.
Published: December 2018

Идея создания Международной Школы Кормов - обобщение мирового опыта в области научных исследований и практики производства и использования премиксов и комбикормов, проведение профессиональных тренингов, направленных на овладение современными знаниями и навыками оценки качества кормовых средств, добавок, премиксов и комбикормов, расчета рецептов премиксов и комбикормов, оценки эффективности технологических процессов их производства.
ДИНАМІКА ПОКАЗНИКІВ КРОВІ КУРЧАТ ПРИ ВИКОРИСТАННІ ФЕРМЕНТНОГО ПРЕПАРАТУ “КЛЕРІЗИМ ГРАНУЛЬОВАНИЙ” В ЇХ ГОДІВЛІ
Authors: КАРУНСЬКИЙ О. Й. , МАКАРИНСЬКА А. В.
Published: December 2018

У роботі наведені результати впливу різних концентрацій ферментного препарату «Клерізим гранульований» в годівлі курчат віком 30 та 120 діб.Встановлено, що ферментний препарат в годівлі курчат позитивно впливає на гематологічні та біохімічні показники крові та змінює їх межах фізіологічної норми. Найбільше збільшення гематологічних та біохімічних показників сироватки крові помічено в піддослідній групі.Згодовування піддослідним курчатам повнораціонного комбікорму з додавання ферментного препарату в різних дозах вплинуло на збільшення вмісту еритроцитів на 11,27 % в ІІ-дослідній групі в порівнянні з кон-тролем. Рівень гемоглобіну в сироватці крові в дослідних групах був вищим, різниця якого не перевищувала 2%. Вміст кальцію в сироватці крові птиці контрольної групи, яка не споживала фермент, становить 4,15ммоль/л, що на 1,98% менше чим в II та 3,08 % в III дослідних групах. Спостерігається підвищення рівня фосфору в крові курчат дослідних груп, що характеризує кращий мінеральний обмін речовин. Характеризуючи результати показників неспецифічної резистентності сироватки крові курчат в 30 та 120 діб спостерігається тенденція до поступового збільшення бактерицидної, лізоцимної та фагоцитарної активності сироватки крові під впливом використаного ферментного препарату. Лізоцимна активність обох дослідних груп (II, ІІІ-дослідна) збільшилась на 6,7 % у порівнянні з контролем. Показники бактерицидноїактивності в її та III - дослідній групі були статистично достовірнішії (Р<0,05). Отримані результати наштовхують на висновок, що ферментний препарат головним чином підвищує природну імунну відповідь організму, тобто підвищує імунітет. Встановлено, що оптимальна норма введення ферментного препарату «Клерізим гранульований» доскладу комбікормів для курчат 0,4 кг на тону.
РОЗВИТОК ОРГАНІЧНОГО НАПРЯМКУ СІЛЬСЬКОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА У СВІТІ ТА ЙОГО СТАН В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: КАРУНСЬКИЙ О.Й , ВОЄЦЬКА О.Є , ГАРБАДЖІ К.С.
Published: December 2018

У статті представлено огляд літературних даних про питання органічного методу ведення сільського господарства. Викладено поняття ʺорганічне сільське господарствоʺ і ʺорганічна продукціяʺ. Розглянуто рівень світового розвитку органічного напрямку ведення сільського господарства та його перспективи для України. Матеріали приведені на підставі літературних даних, різних звітів світових організацій органічного напрямку у сільському господарстві та матеріалів, наданих Органічним рухом України. Дослідники встановили, що метод органічного господарювання дозволяє отримувати високоякісну сировину і продукти харчування з використанням нових технологій, які спрямовані на захист та покращення стану навколишнього середовища. Вирощена продукція на органічній основі повинна бути екологічно чистою і відповідати міжнародним стандартам якості. На території України на даний час працюють 12 іноземних та 1 український сертифікаційні органи. Український сертифікаційний орган «Органік стандарт» має міжнародну акредитацію на проведення сертифіка- ційних робіт та визнання Єврокомісії та Швейцарської Конфедерації. У статті наведено аналіз розподілу площі, органічно оброблених земель у світі і в Україні. Лідером по споживанню органічної продукції є Швейцарія. У роботі приводиться схема переходу до органічного виробництва. Представлені найбільш поширені логотипи європейської, американської та японської системи сертифікації органічних продуктів. Експортний потенціал сектору оці- нюється у 50 млн. євро. Основні країни-споживачі української «органіки»: Німеччина, Австрія, Польща, Італія, Франція, Нідерланди, Данія, Швейцарія, США, Канада. В основному експортують такі органічні товари з України: зернові, бобові, олійні культури ягоди фрукти. Також експортується олія соняшникова, шрот соняшниковий, ефірні олії, концентрований яблучний сік, горіхи, джеми, сиропи та березовий сік. Встановлено, що Україна має потужний потенціал агропромислового комплексу і може стати одним із головних експортерів органічної продукції на ринку ЄС.
ПЕРЕВАГИ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ БІЛКОВИХ РОСЛИННИХ КОНЦЕНТРАТІВ ПРИ ВИРОБНИЦТВІ КОМБІКОРМОВОЇ ПРОДУКЦІЇ
Authors: А.В. МАКАРИНСЬКА А.В. , ЧЕРНЕГА І.С.
Published: December 2018

У тваринництві, головним є організація раціональної годівлі. Хороша кормова база є запорукою повноцінного розвитку цієї галузі. Тому, велике значення відводиться виробництву комбікормів, які повинні повністю задовольняти організм тварин в усіх поживних і біологічно активних речовинах, так як незначний їх дефіцит затримує ріст тварин і не дозволяє в подальшому використовувати їх продуктивний потенціал на необхідному рівні. Сучасні породи і кроси сільськогосподарських тварин особливо вимогливі до поживності раціону і якості білка в ньому, що відчутно позначається на вартості корму. Додаткові джерела протеїну, отримані шляхом промислової переробки і синтезу сировини рослинного і тваринного походження, дозволяють замінити частину дорогих рослинних і тваринних інг- редієнтів в кормах. Основним джерелом білка в раціоні продуктивних тварин є зернобобові культури та корми тваринного походження. Проте, використання зернобобових при виробництві комбікормів обмежується через високий вміст антипоживних речовин. А використання кормів тваринного походження – забороною на їх використання в країнах ЄС та їх сильними коливаннями за якістю. Використання білкових рослинних концентратів при виробництві комбікормової продукції дозволить вирішити пе- релічені проблеми, оскільки характеризуються високим вмістом протеїну та невеликою вартістю. Для визначення доцільності використання білкових рослинних концентратів в якості компонента комбікорму, було досліджено їх класифікації та методи отримання. В статті наведена принципова схема виробництва соєвого концентрату та аналіз хімічного складу і поживності деяких соєвих продуктів. Білковий рослинний концентрат в різних співвідношеннях може використовуватися для відгодівлі всіх груп тварин, через хорошу засвоюваність сприяє підвищенню продуктивності, знижує ризик кишкових хвороб і характеризується високою біологічною цінністю.
THE APPLICATION OF STATISTICAL METHODS OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT BY GMP+ STANDARDS USING FERROMAGNETIC MICROTRACERS
Authors: SAKHNO T.V. , PISARENKO P.V. , KOROTKOVA I.V. , OMELIAN O. M. , BARASHKOV N. N.
Published: December 2018

The GMP+FSA Feed Certification scheme is considered and analyzed which was developed in 1992 by the Dutch feed industry in response to various incidents involving contamination in feed materials. Currently it is an international scheme that is managed by GMP+ International in collaboration with stakeholders from numerous European countries. One of the most important and responsible steps in the feed production is mixing - creating a completely homogeneous mixture. In this paper, a statistical quality assessment of mixing of multicomponent feeds using the distribution of added particles – microtracers was performed. The testing procedure of the homogeneity of feeds and premixes using microtracers is presented in the Standard GMP+ BA2 ―Control of residues‖. The ferromagnetic variety of microtracers manufactured by American Company Micro-Tracers, Inc (San Francisco, California) are elementary iron particles or particles of stainless steel which are coated with a FD&C dye of different colors. The most common microtracers are Microtracer F that consists near 25000 of iron particles with a size distribution of 150 – 300 μm. These microtracers are used in the feed industry to ensure the quality of mixing feeds for animals and poultry during the last 20-30 years. The additional areas of use of microtracers include the marking of vitamins, mineral additive or medicament which introduced into premixes, which allows to mark the presence of the premix in the finished feeds. In quantitative analysis, MicrotracersTM can be used not only to document efficacy of mixing, but also to assess the adequacy of batch to batch ―cleanout‖ of mixers and other feed manufacturing equipment. In the present article the analytical results of evaluation of the mixer performance are interpreted in the terms of a Poisson statistics and chi-squared distribution. The value of probability by Poisson (p) was chosen as criteria for evaluation of homogeneity. Treating a series of counts as a Poisson distribution, the mix is judged complete if p>5% and judged incomplete if p<1%. The mix is judged ―probably incomplete‖ (marginal) if the probability value is in the range of 1%<p<5%.
Selection of antihypertensive therapy in elderly patients, combination therapy: thiazide-like diuretics and calcium channel blockers
Authors: Galeyeva Z. M. , Galyavich A. S. , Baleyeva L. V. , Safina E. G. , Sorokina O. V.
Published: December 2018

The article presents data about the prevalence and expected prognosis for arterial hypertension. Emphasis is placed on the selection of antihypertensive therapy in elderly patients. The features concerning the positive effect of the calcium channelblocking agent — amlodipine, thiazid­like diuretic — indapamide retard in the form of monotherapy and a combination of the above drugs on the course and prognosis of arterial hypertension in elderly patients are investigated. A clinical example of the use of the fixed dose combination amlodipine + indapamide retard is also introduced.
Modern understanding of mechanisms of bioprosthetic valve structural degeneration: a literature review
Authors: Kostyunin A. E. , Ovcharenko E. A. , Klyshnikov K. Yu.
Published: December 2018

Bioprosthetic valves are often used to replace diseased heart valves. They differ from mechanical valves by optimal hemodynamic parameters and low thrombogenicity. However, although the durability of modern bioprosthetic valves, their design, and implantation procedures are being improved, the replacement of the native valve does not necessarily lead to favorable outcome, because valvular defect is often replaced by “prosthetic valve disease”. Structural valve degeneration is one of the main causes of bioprosthetic valve failure, but its mechanisms have not been studied in detail. This review summarizes and analyzes current data on mechanisms responsible for bioprosthetic valve structural degeneration. These mechanisms include passive degeneration, inflammation, fibrosis and osteogenesis.
Comparative results of surgical and transcatheter (TAVI) treatment of aortic stenosis in patients over 75 years old
Authors: Bayandin N. L. , Krotovsky A. G. , Vasilyev K. N. , Moiseev A. A. , Setyn T. V.
Published: December 2018

Aim. To assess the results of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in comparison with open surgery for aortic stenosis in patients over 75 years old.

Material and methods. We analyzed the results of 33 operations of aortic valve replacement in patients with aortic stenosis performed in the Moscow Municipal Clinical Hospital No. 15 in the period from June 2012 to September 2017. The first group included 21 TAVI operations. In 15 patients TAVI was performed through the femoral artery, 6  — transthoracic through the cardiac apex. All patients with transcatheter intervention were implanted with SAPIEN valves. In the postoperative period all patients showed a decrease in the systolic pressure gradient on the valve to 9,8±4,06 mm Hg. Aortic valve area after the operation has increased on average from 0,72±0,1 cm2 to 1,9±0,3 cm2. For comparison, a control group of 12 patients who underwent aortic valve replacement under cardiopulmonary bypass was formed. All patients had a high operative risk. Euroscore II 6,3±4,9, STS 5,2±3,4.

Results. There were no cases of death in the TAVI group. These patients had the following postoperative complications: 3 patients (13,6%)  — complete atrioventricular block, which required permanent pacemaker implantation; it was a significantly more frequent complication of transcatheter interventions. Less frequently in the postoperative period patients had severe acute cardiovascular failure (p=0,001), acute renal failure (p=0,05), paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (p=0,001). The volume of intraoperative blood loss was significantly less in the TAVI group: 147,6±84,4 ml and 666,7±322,9 ml (p=0,05). Mortality in the surgical group was 33% (4 patients). In the surgical group in 2 cases the cause of death was multiple organ failure, in two cases — acute cardiovascular failure. Patients from this group patients had the following postoperative complications: bleeding requiring a resternotomy — 2 (16,7%), pneumonia — 1 (8,3%), heart failure in the postoperative period, requiring prolonged cardiotonic support — 9 (75%), one patient underwent mechanical hemodynamic support, renal failure requiring renal replacement therapy in one patient.

Conclusion. Even though surgical aortic valve replacement is the “gold standard” for treating patients with aortic stenosis, the results of operations in the older age group is not sufficient due to the high frequency of postoperative complications. TAVI, proposed by Cribier A, et al. in 2002, gives better results in patients over 75 age group due to the lower incidence of complications in the postoperative period, less intraoperative blood loss. We suppose that it is an alternative for patients of the older age group and high operative risk.