bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Video Based Laboratory Terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Pada Materi Alat-Alat Optik
Authors: Riyanti Nandita Agus , Sutrio Sutrio , Wahyudi Wahyudi , Kosim Kosim
Published: January 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of the problem based learning model assisted by video based laboratory on student learning outcomes in the material of optical devices. The population in this research were all class XI MIPA SMAN 1 Gunungsari. Sampling was carried out using a purposive sampling technique, so that class XI MIPA 4 was obtained as the experimental class and class XI MIPA 1 as the control class. The design used in this research was the nonequivalent control group design, where the two samples were given different treatment. The experimental class will be given learning treatment using a problem based learning model assisted by video based laboratory, while the control class will be given treatment with conventional learning. Learning outcomes are measured, namely in the cognitive domain which includes cognitive levels from C1 to C6. The instrument used was a multiple choice test with 20 questions. Study result data were analyzed using parametric statistics, namely t-test polled variance with a significant level of 5% or 0.05 and obtained a tcount of 2.49 and a ttable of 2.01. If tcount is greater than ttable, then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, so it can be concluded that the video based laboratory assisted problem based learning model has an effect on student learning outcomes in the material of optical devices.
Eksplorasi Dimensi Efikasi Diri Guru Fisika di Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Sari Ira Nofita , Nurussaniah Nurussaniah
Published: January 2024

Physics teachers need to pay more attention to each student's unique way of thinking, strive to recognize and correct misunderstandings, and apply cognitive learning methods such as assimilation and accommodation. The use of cognitive dissonance can be used as a tool to change students' way of thinking. Additionally, it is important to simplify experiments and provide practical exercises that can deepen students' understanding. Teachers must also be able to relate lesson material to real life and understand the role of emotions in the teaching and learning process. Therefore, it is necessary to have teacher self-confidence through self-efficacy. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the condition of educators' self-efficacy in West Kalimantan and its impact on learning. This research is a descriptive research. The population of this research is all physics teachers in West Kalimantan. The sample was selected using probability sampling technique. The number of samples in this study were 100 physics teachers from 13 cities/districts in West Kalimantan. Data collection technique is indirect communication. Data analysis used descriptive statistics, followed by a description of the physics teacher's level of self-efficacy. Based on the research results it was concluded that the average self-efficacy level of physics teachers in West Kalimantan was quite high. The factors measured, namely the efficacy in learning strategies, classroom management, and student involvement all show a good level of self-efficacy. Physics teachers in West Kalimantan demonstrated high efficacy in developing learning strategies and managing classrooms, and had sufficient confidence in engaging students in the learning process.
Multi-decadal Changes of the Impact of El Niño Events on Tibetan Plateau Summer Precipitation
Authors: Jiang Weinan , Cao Ning , Aze Riga , Xu Jianjun
Published: January 2024

Precipitation on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) has an important effect on the water supply and demand of the downstream population. Involving recent climate change, the multi-decadal variations of the impact of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events on regional climate were observed. In this work, the authors investigated the changes in summer precipitation over TP during 1950–2019. At the multi-decadal scale, the authors found that the inhabiting impact of El Niño events on the TP summer precipitation has strengthened since the late 1970s. The main factor contributing to this phenomenon is the significant amplification in the decadal amplitude of El Niño during 1978–2019 accompanied by a discernible escalation in the frequency of El Niño events. This phenomenon induces anomalous perturbations in sea surface temperatures (SST) within the tropical Indo-Pacific region, consequently weakening the atmospheric vapor transport from the western Pacific to the TP. Additionally, conspicuous anomalies in subsidence motion are observed longitudinally and latitudinally across the TP which significantly contributes to a curtailed supply of atmospheric moisture. These results bear profound implications for the multi-decadal prediction of the TP climate.
Undescended testis, an often-overlooked problem in newborns: A Literature Review
Authors: Muhammad Zulfan Rifqiawan  , Adhananta Zhafran Prawira  , Amira Fithri Rofifa  , Naura Ghina Shabira
Published: January 2024

Undescended testis (UDT) or cryptorchidism is one of the most prevalent congenital abnormalities in male infants. Cryptorchidism is defined as failure of a testis to descend into a scrotal position, or even absent of the testis. For effective reproduction in the future, the testes must descend into the scrotum's lower temperature environment. In addition to being linked to an increased risk of testicular germ cell cancers, poor fertility, and testicular torsion, cryptorchidism can also lead to psychological issues. In developing countries, it is not unusual for patients with undescended testes (UDT) to present in adulthood and the late detection of UDT can be problematic, because of the clinicians are often unaware about genital parts examination in newborn care.
ANALISIS PERCEPATAN TANAH MAKSIMUM MENGGUNAKAN PROGRAM ProSHAKE BERDASARKAN DATA CPT DI PURWOKERTO
Authors: Azizi Amris , Marhendi Teguh
Published: January 2024

Pengukuran percepatan maksimum tanah (Peak Ground Acceleration, PGA) dapat dilakukan dengan Accelerograph, dengan pendekatan empiris atau dengan perangkat lunak.  Dalam penelitian ini untuk menghitung percepatan tanah maksimum permukaan di Purwokerto menggunakan perangkat lunak ProShake dengan data tanah hasil uji CPT. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat memberikan gambaran besarnya percepatan tanah maksimum di Purwokerto serta dapat membantu dalam perencanaan struktur bangunan sarana dan prasarana. Analisis dilakukan dengan menginput data parameter dinamik tanah : modulus geser maksimum (Gmax), kecepatan rambat gelombang geser (Vs), dan damping (ξ). Data gempa menggunakan akselerogram gempa El Centro N-S yang telah direkam pada tanggal 15 Mei 1940. Hasil analisis didapat percepatan tanah maksimum mencapai 0,344 g atau sama dengan 344 cm/det2, jauh lebih besar dari percepatan puncak tanah di lokasi penelitian menurut pembagian wilayah gempa Indonesia, yaitu sebesar 0,15 g atau 150 cm/det2
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR BARISAN DAN DERET MATEMATIKA KELAS XI SMAN 1 MEULABOH
Authors: Tiarina Irma , Merya Syarifah , Tiara Anita
Published: January 2024

Teachers as educators need to use appropriate learning models in delivering material to students to achieve optimal learning outcomes. A learning model that can be implemented to help students relate theory to real life, namely Problem-Based Learning (PBL). This research aims to determine the effect of PBL on learning outcomes of mathematical sequences and series. This research is a quantitative experiment using a pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest design method with sequence and series story questions as instruments. The population in this study was 206 students in class The data analysis used in this research is descriptive statistics and inferential statistical analysis (Wilcoxon). The results of the Wilcoxon analysis showed that the results of applying the problem based learning model to the learning outcomes of mathematical sequences and series were p 0.000 < 0.05. So it can be concluded that there is an influence of applying the problem based learning model on improving learning outcomes of mathematical sequences and series. It is recommended that teachers apply the problem based learning model in mathematics or other subjects
KEEFEKTIFAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISIONS DENGAN PENDEKATAN KONTEKSTUAL TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS IV SD N LOANO
Authors: Damayanti Devi , Putra Lisa Virdinarti
Published: January 2024

: This study aims to determine the effect of using the Student Teams Achievement Divisions model with a contextual approach. This study uses a quantitative approach using quasi-experimental methods. Determination of the sample in this study is purposive sampling. The sample taken in this study was class IV SD N Loano. Where class IV A is the control class and class IV B is the experimental class. The results showed that there was an influence of the Student Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD) learning model with a contextual approach to increasing conceptual understanding. This is evidenced by a significant value of 0.042 <0.005. The conclusion from this study is that the Student Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD) learning model with a contextual approach has an influence in increasing students' understanding of mathematical concepts.
PENGARUH PROBLEM SOLVING BERBANTUAN LEAD ADVERSITY QUOTIENT TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH SISWA SD
Authors: Pertiwi Erys Lilian , Putra Lisa Virdinarti
Published: January 2024

This research aimed to determine the effect of using the Problem-Solving model assisted by LEAD Adversity Quotient on students' mathematical problem-solving abilities. The type of research conducted was quasi-experimental research. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The population of this study was all students of Bawen 01 Public Elementary School, and the sample selected for the research was the fourth-grade class of Bawen 01 Public Elementary School. Data were collected using test techniques (pretest, posttest) and non-test techniques (observation, documentation, questionnaire). The data analysis techniques included normality test, homogeneity test, simple linear regression test, and independent sample t-test. The research results revealed the following: (1) There was a significant difference between the control group and the experimental group in terms of mathematical problem-solving abilities, as evidenced by the significance level Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.019 < 0.05 using the independent sample t-test. (2) The implementation of the Problem-Solving model assisted by LEAD Adversity Quotient on students' mathematical problem-solving abilities was proven with a calculated t-value of 6.929 > t-table of 2.120 and a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05 using the simple linear regression test. In conclusion, the Problem-Solving model assisted by LEAD Adversity Quotient has a significant impact and difference in improving students' mathematical problem-solving abilities
PENGARUH MEDIA FLASH CARD TERHADAP PENGUASAAN KOSAKATA BAHASA INGGRIS SISWA KELAS IV SD
Authors: Mitami Mitami , Muttaqien Nurul , Budiatman Ino
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of using Flash Card media on English vocabulary mastery in grade IV at SDN Pegadungan 02 Pagi. This study used a quantitative experimental approach with the Quasi-Experimental Design type of Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The population in this study were 120 students in class IV at SDN Pegadungan 02 Pagi with a sample of 60 students in two classes divided into 30 students in class IV A as the control class and 30 students in class IV C as the experimental class. The data collection technique used a test (pretest and posttest) of English vocabulary in the form of short entries totaling 10 questions. This research was tested and analyzed with the help of SPSS. In the independent sample t-test posttest test, the sig value was obtained. (2 - tailed) 0.009 <0.05 which shows that there is an effect of using Flash Card media on English vocabulary mastery. The average posttest score for the experimental class was 82 and 71.67 for the control posttest class. This shows that the use of Flash Card media increases students' vocabulary mastery more significantly
PENGARUH FASILITAS BELAJAR TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA SMP NEGERI 14 KOTA BANDA ACEH
Authors: Fiki Ari , Anwar Anwar , Aswadi Khairul , Dhin Cut Nya , Abubakar Abubakar , Junaidi Muhammad , Maifizar Arfriani
Published: January 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of learning facilities on learning outcomes at SMP Negeri 14 Banda Aceh City. This research is quantitative descriptive, namely research on data collected and expressed in the form of numbers, although it is also qualitative data. The population in this research is class students. The population in this research is all class IIX students in the odd semester of SMP Negeri 14 Banda Aceh in the 2017/2018 academic year. The sample was chosen by random sampling from one of class IIX which consists of 2 classes, namely IIX-1, IIX-2. The sample selected for this research was class IIX-2 with a total of 48 students. The total number of class IIX students is 48. Data collection techniques use interviews, questionnaires and documentation. The analytical method used is simple regression analysis. Research results: Learning achievement at SMP Negeri 14 Banda Aceh City is quite good as seen from the report card scores. Study facilities for students at SMP Negeri 14 Banda Aceh City are computers, teaching material books, study tables, stationery, whiteboards, markers and study chairs. The results of the calculations obtained ttable test 2.063 and tcount 2.255, so tcount>ttable, so accept Ha reject H0 so it can be concluded that there is an influence between home learning facilities on learning achievement at SMP Negeri 14 Banda Aceh city.
ANALISIS ISI BUKU PELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB KELAS XI DI MA SEJAHTERA PARE KEDIRI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Usman Soraiya Muhammad , Qadhafi Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Textbooks have an important role in the teaching and learning process because in them there are materials that will be discussed and conveyed to students according to their level. The purpose of this research is to contribute to educational institutions, responsible parties in the world of education, and for teachers of Arabic in choosing and determining quality textbooks. This study used qualitative research methods. This type of research has a descriptive nature and tends to use analysis. the researcher will focus on the analysis of the 2013 Arabic Curriculum class XI MA textbook published by the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia in 2020 in terms of content feasibility, presentation feasibility, and language feasibility. From the results of the analysis it was concluded that this book still has several aspects that are not suitable both in terms of material content, material presentation, and language. Especially the lack of complete material to make it easier for students to understand the material in the book. But in terms of material aspects as a whole, the material is interesting and needed by students, although there are still a few mistakes.
STUDI LITERATUR : PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI KAHOOT DALAM EVALUASI HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Merdu Bunga Mawarni , Maqfirah Maqfirah , Irfan Ade
Published: January 2024

The basis of this research is the problem of students' low math scores. This is caused by the lack of development in mathematics education, as a result students become less energetic, their learning motivation is small, and the inspiration they receive is low. In how to practice in learning, upgrading tools are one of the keys that really influence the success of the practice method. The many kinds of upgrading tools make the way to practice more varied. Research procedures using literary research. The strategy of dredging data from various sources of posts through searches on Google Scholar. From the results of a survey at the base of the post, the Kahoot could be an alternative. Kahoot can be an upgrading tool as well as games with the encouragement of an internet connection. Kahoot can also increase attention and support the digital generation training style. That way, teachers can make these notes as a reference for implementing innovations in training, especially in online learning.
PENERAPAN MODEL PBL BERBANTUAN MEDIA ULTAMERASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN LITERASI NUMERASI DAN MINAT BELAJAR MATEMATIKA
Authors: Maulidar Maulidar , SuryaWati Indah
Published: January 2024

The aim of this research is to determine the increase in numeracy literacy skills and interest in learning mathematics in class V students at SD 53 Banda Aceh by applying the Problem Base Learning (PBL) model assisted by ULTAMERASI media. The design used in this research was Quasi Experimental Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. From the research results, the pre-test and post-test results showed that the normalized gain (N-Gain) of students' numeracy literacy abilities was sig. (2-tailed) N-Gain score of 0.039 is less than 0.05. And based on the analysis of the results of the pre-test and post-test questionnaires regarding students' interest in learning mathematics, it was found that the normalized gain (N-Gain) had a value of Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.031. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a difference between the average N-Gain of numeracy literacy abilities and interest in learning mathematics taught using the Problem Base Learning (PBL) learning model assisted by snake and ladder numeracy media (ULTAMERASI) and the average N-Gain of numeracy literacy abilities and students' interest in learning mathematics taught using conventional learning. If we look at the average N-Gain value of the experimental class and control class, it is found that the N-Gain value of the experimental class is higher than the control class, so it can be concluded that the increase in the ability to understand numeracy literacy in the experimental class is better than the control class
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN LITERASI NUMERASI SISWA MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA TERINTEGRASI BERBASIS PROYEK PADA MATERI GEOMETRI
Authors: Ainun Nur , Fahmi Cut Nurul , Mukhtasar Mukhtasar , Asri Khairul
Published: January 2024

Numerical literacy is the ability students need to understand the world and equip students to understand and analyze information as well as the use of mathematical reasoning to solve problems in everyday life. However, several previous studies stated that students' literacy skills in Indonesia are still low. This research was conducted aiming to determine the increase in students' numeracy literacy skills through project-based integrated mathematics learning on geometry material. This research is experimental research with pretest-posttest control group design. The population in this research were all class VII students of SMP Negeri 1 Darul Imarah Aceh Besar, which consisted of five classes. Meanwhile, the sample consisted of two classes, namely the experimental class and the control class which were taken by random sampling. Data on numeracy literacy skills were obtained from a written test in the form of multiple-choice questions. With the acquisition of a significance value of 0.039 <0.05, it indicates that the result of increasing students' numeracy literacy skills taught by project-based mathematical learning model of geometry material better than the controlled class which was taught by conventional learning models.
Kolaborasi Antara Model Dan Pendekatan Saintifik Oleh Guru Biologi Di SMA Kecamatan Kuta Baro
Authors: Safitri Dini Askia , Zamzami Zamzami , Lubis Silvi Puspa Widya
Published: January 2024

This study aims to assess the ability of teachers to apply models and scientific approaches to learning. This type of research is quantitative research with descriptive methods. The population to be studied in this study is the teachers of SMA Se, Kuta Baro District. The sample in this study were biology teachers. The results of the questionnaire in this study showed that the learning model score had an average value of 87%, which is the very good category; and the scientific approach score had an average value of 86%, which is the very good category. The conclusion of this study is that biology teachers at SMA Se, Kuta Baro District, have been able to collaborate on scientific models, and approaches
Search for Association of Polymorphisms rs6280 of the DRD3 Gene, rs4680 of the COMT Gene, rs6265 of the Gene BDNF with Schizophrenia Resistant to Antipsychotic Therapy in Russian Populations
Authors: Kaydan M. A. , Zakharova N. V. , Zorkina Ya. A. , Kostyuk G. P.
Published: January 2024

Background: resistant schizophrenia, despite the introduction of new antipsychotics and diagnostic methods, still reaches 50%of cases among all patients with schizophrenia. The search for new methods of early diagnosis using personalized genetic analysis tools seems relevant and promising at the present time. The aim of the study was to analyze the associations of polymorphisms COMT rs4680, DRD3 rs6280, BDNF rs6265 with the development of a therapeutic resistance in patients with schizophrenia. Patients and methods: а real-time genetic analysis of 264 patients with schizophrenia examined by clinical and psychometric methods. A prospective follow-up for 6 weeks was carried out with further division of the sample into 2 groups: respondents and patients with resistance based on the evaluation of the effectiveness of psychopharmacotherapy. Results: a significant association with the ineffectiveness of psychopharmacotherapy found in patients with schizophrenia being homozygotes in the recessive model and being heterozygotes in the codominant model of the rs6265 polymorphism of the BDNF gene. Conclusions: the rs6265 polymorphism of the BDNF gene can be considered as a diagnostic marker for the development of treatment resistant schizophrenia, but requires further study to confirm sensitivity and specificity.
Anatomo-Morphological Brain Featuresi in Patients with Schizotypal Disorder with Catatoniс Symptoms: A Pilot Study
Authors: Lebedeva I. S. , Tomyshev A. S. , Borisova P. O. , Romanov D. V.
Published: January 2024

Background: brain structural peculiarities in different mental disorders are neurobiological indicators that are extremely important both for understanding of the diseases’ pathogenesis and for identifying potentially valid prognostic markers. The aim of this pilot study was to identify the range of brain morphometric parameters in the group of patients with schizotypal disorders with catatonia syndrome. Patients and methods: 33 patients with schizotypal disorder and 33 age-matched mentally healthy subjects underwent high-resolution structural MRI on a 3T Philips Ingenia scanner. Results: there were found widely distributed intergroup differences in form of the smaller gray matter thickness. In this spectrum, a morphometric abnormality of the precentral gyrus, an area of the primary motor cortex localization, previously not noted in the literature on schizotypal disorder, drew special attention. In addition, smaller volume of the nuclei accumbens (included in the processes of choosing actions) was found. Conclusions: this pilot study allowed to reveal some brain elements of the mosaic presumably associated with the manifestation of catatonia syndrome in schizotypal disorder.
The Role of Social Factors in the Genesis of Mental Disorders: Development of Research in the 21st Century
Authors: Kuzminova M. V. , Solokhina T. A.
Published: January 2024

Background: the important role of social factors in the development of mental disorders has long been known, but recently, due to the growth of mental disorders, including against the background of various global social crises, it seems necessary to summarize already existing knowledge in this field, as well as to consider new trends in the influence of social factors on the occurrence, course and prognosis of mental disorders.  The aim of review  was to analyse domestic and foreign studies on the influence of various social aspects of mental disorders in order to rationally solve clinical, diagnostic, therapeutic, rehabilitation and organizational problems. Material and methods:  the authors used the key words “social factors and mental disorders”, “risk factors for mental disorders”, “family factors in severe mental disorders”, “impact of disasters (man-made and natural) on mental health”, “network theory of mental disorders”. The authors selected available publications in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, eLibrary,  RSCI, Google Scholar, as well as relevant articles in the source lists of the reviewed papers.  Conclusion: the role of childhood and adolescent mental trauma in the etiopathogenesis of mental illness in adulthood is an object of many studies. The increase of social disasters cases (both natural and man-made) is reflected in the detection of PTSD. Family factors are considered of enormous importance and could have both favourable and negative effects. The gender-specific influence of social factors is more attributable to cultural differences, as well as to marital status, including the lower self-esteem of single women. Biopsychosocial model despite its widespread proclamation is underused in practice, which reduces the effectiveness of comprehensive therapy. First proposed in 2008, the network theory of mental disorders is rapidly evolving and is now a full-fledged  field of psychiatric research.
Oligodendrocyte Progenitors in Schizophrenia: The Role in Pathogenesis and Potential Treatment Target
Authors: Kolomeets N. S.
Published: January 2024

Background:  schizophrenia is considered as a dysconnectivity disorder supported by neuroimaging studies have revealed altered myelination of white and grey matter. Altered myelination suggests oligodendrocyte (OL) family pathology. Oligodendrocyte progenitors (OP) are of special interest since they myelinate axons in mature brain at the last stage of the differentiation. The aim of review  —  to summarize modern research data concerning altered cell cycle of OL family in schizophrenia and their plausible reason. Material and methods: using the keywords “schizophrenia, OL, OP”, “OP and schizophrenia risk genes”, “OP and neuroinflamation”, “OP and antipsychotic drugs”, “OP, dopamine, serotonin” 164 studies concerning the influence of listed above factors on OP differentiation were selected the MedLine/PubMed, Google Scholar, eLibrary databases for analysis.  Conclusion: postmortem studies demonstrated essential deficit of OL family cells as well as altered correlation pattern between the number of these cells suggested altered OP differentiation. Some of OL and myelin-related gene variants caused higher schizophrenia risk play a critical role in OP differentiation. While neuroinflammation is important component of schizophrenia brain pathology proinflammatory cytokines and activated microglia exert substantial influence on OP proliferation and differentiation. Atypical antipsychotics are able to correct OP maturation and have anti-inflammatory effects. OL and OP as well as microglia and peripheral immune cells express dopamine and serotonin receptors, main  therapeutic targets of these drugs. OP pathology as important component of schizophrenia  pathogenesis, tightly linked with another abnormalities, and considers as promising target for future therapeutic strategy.
Postoperative Psychoses in Patients with Brain Gliomas
Authors: Zaitsev O. S. , Ilyaev N. P. , Maksakova O. A.
Published: January 2024

Background: despite the widespread opinion that psychoses are common after surgery in neurosurgical patients, they remain practically unexplored to date.  Objective: based on the analysis of scientific literature to get an idea of the state and prospects of studying the problem of psychoses arising after operations for brain gliomas.  Materials and methods: the work is a scoping review; the main method used was the search for publications by the keywords “postoperative psychosis”, “postoperative delirium ”, “brain gliomas”, “neurosurgery”, “craniotomy” conducted in the Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, RISC and other sources over the past 20 years.  Conclusion: studies of postoperative psychoses in patients with brain gliomas and comparison of results in neurosurgery and general surgical practice are hindered by terminological dissonance and shortcomings of various types of verification of postoperative psychotic disorders. This manifests itself both at the epidemiological data (the probability of occurrence ranges from 4 to 29%), and in determining the risk factors necessary and sufficient to predict the onset of psychosis: according to literature data. About 80 indicators claim this role (gender, age, premorbid diseases, preoperative mental state,  tumor malignancy, options for neurosurgical interventions, etc.) while the list does not contain conceptually important features, such as the profile of individual brain asymmetr y, tumor lateralization, etc. These problems lead to controversy in approaches to treatment and prevention of postoperative psychotic disorders. Before evaluating the effectiveness of the main drugs (dexmedetomidine, GABA-ergics, antipsychotics, etc.) and non-drugs influences, one must understand the phenomenon clearly with all the individual characteristics and variants of disease manifestations.
DIFFERENCES OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR (VEGF) EXPRESSION IN VARIOUS MENINGIOMA EDEMA INDEX
Authors: Agrina Puspa
Published: January 2024

Background: Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial tumor in adults after glioma. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key protein in the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis). In meningiomas, binding of VEGF to the VEGF receptor (VEGFR) through activation of the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway and control of vascular permeability through the PLCγ pathway peritumoral (PTBE). Sixty percent of meningiomas are associated with peritumoral brain edema (PTBE).

Objective: This study aims to determine differences in VEGF expression on various indices of meningioma edema.

Methods: An analytical observational study with consecutive sampling in 69 samples diagnosed with meningioma with MRI data. VEGF expression variables based on Immunohistochemistry were classified into scores of 0, 1+ and 2+. Variable PTBE Meningiomas assessed by the edema index based on MRI were classified into grades 1,2 and 3.

Results: Based on Spearman's correlation test, there was no significant difference between VEGF expression on various meningioma edema indices (p = 0.333).

Conclusion: There was no significant difference between VEGF expression on various meningioma edema indices (p = 0.333).
PENGARUH POLA DIET MENGONSUMSI IKAN LAUT TERHADAP FUNGSI KOGNITIF LANSIA
Authors: Harijawan Elizabeth Natasya
Published: January 2024

LATAR BELAKANG Seiring kemajuan di bidang teknologi, perekonomian maupun kesehatan, usia harapan hidup penduduk dunia cenderung meningkat. Hal ini berdampak pada peningkatan jumlah populasi penduduk berusia tua (lanjut). Penuaan adalah suatu proses alamiah yang dialami setiap manusia dan berlangsung sejak awal kehidupan. Proses penuaan melibatkan berbagai perubahan multidimensional fisik sehingga merupakan proses yang kompleks. Meliputi perubahan mental, sosial, spiritual maupun fisik. Perubahan pada aspek mental ini berdampak pada penurunan fungsi kognitif. Sejumlah upaya dapat dilakukan untuk menghambat progresivitas laju penurunan fungsi kognitif ini, salah satunya adalah pola diet yang baik.

METODE Studi telaah 17 artikel penelitian internasional terakreditasi dan bereputasi dilakukan untuk mempelajari pengaruh pola diet mengonsumsi ikan laut terhadap fungsi kognitif lansia.

HASIL Pola diet ternyata berpengaruh terhadap fungsi kognitif lansia. Pola diet Mediterania, konsumsi wine, kacang-kacangan, buah-buahan, sayur-sayuran, makanan berprotein, dan seafood berkorelasi dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif yang lebih rendah, sementara pola Western diet terkait dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif yang lebih tinggi. Pola diet mengonsumsi ikan laut berkaitan dengan tingkat penurunan fungsi kognitif yang lebih rendah pada lansia.

KESMIPULAN Pola diet yang baik, seperti diet Mediterania dan mengonsumsi ikan laut, berkorelasi dengan tingkat penurunan fungsi kognitif yang lebih rendah pada lansia.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA EKSPRESI PROGESTERONE RECEPTOR (PR) DENGAN MATRIX METALLO PROTEINASE-9 (MMP-9) DAN GRADING PADA MENINGIOMA
Authors: Novita Dian
Published: January 2024

Latar Belakang: Meningioma merupakan tumor intrakranial yang paling sering terjadi pada orang dewasa. Progesteron berperan dalam perkembangan dan proliferasi sel tumor yang terkait dengan hormon, seperti meningioma. Morbiditas dan mortalitas yang signifikan dapat terjadi, ketika lesi terlokalisasi di daerah yang sulit untuk dilakukan reseksi bedah atau sangat infiltratif pada jaringan di sekitarnya. Banyak penelitian yang dipublikasikan tentang sifat molekuler yang terkait dengan perilaku agresif meningioma, termasuk matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), namun penelitian tentang hubungan antara ekspresi PR dengan MMP-9 masih belum banyak dilakukan.

 

Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian observasional analitik cross sectional. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi analisis deskriptif dan analisis bivariat. Data yang diperoleh diolah menggunakan SPSS software.

 

Hasil : Uji korelasi Spearman untuk ekspresi PR dengan grading WHO pada meningioma, didapatkan nilai p=0,492 dan koefisien korelasi -0.117. Hal ini menunjukkan korelasi yang tidak bermakna. Uji korelasi Spearman untuk ekspresi MMP dengan grading WHO pada meningioma, didapatkan nilai p=0,16 dan koefisien korelasi 0.236. Hal ini menunjukkan korelasi yang tidak bermakna. Uji korelasi Spearman antara ekspresi MMP9 dan grading WHO pada meningioma diperoleh nilai p=0.008 yang menunjukkan bahwa korelasi antara nilai PR dengan MMP9 bermakna dengan nilai korelasi sebesar -0.427.

 

Kesimpulan : Tidak terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara ekspresi PR dengan grading WHO. Tidak terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara ekspresi MMP9 dengan grading WHO. Terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara ekspresi PR dengan MMP9.
UJI EFEKTIVITAS TABLET EKSTRAK DAUN BINAHONG (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR KOLESTEROL TOTAL PADA HEWAN MENCIT JANTAN PUTIH (Mus
Authors: Lestari Gina
Published: January 2024

Pendahuluan: Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) merupakan tanaman yang sejatinya adalah tumbuhan liar. Daun Sungkai mengandung senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, triterpenoid, saponin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Efektivitas Tablet Ekstrak Etanol Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) Terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Darah Pada Mencit Jantan (Mus musculus).  

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan meggunakan Metode pengecekan Easy Touch Glucose Cholesterol Uric Acid (GCU). Mencit putih jantan sebanyak 30 ekor dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok perlakuan yaitu kelompok kontrol Normal, kontrol Positif, kontrol Negatif, kelompok F1, kelompok F2, dan kelompok F3. Dimana mencit diukur kadar kolesterol darah pada hari 1 sebagai kolesterol normal, kemudian dinaikkan kadar kolesterolnya dengan memberi pakan tinggi kolesterol kuning telur puyuh selama 7 hari kemudian dicek kolesterol darah mencit, setelah itu diturunkan dengan diberi perlakuan Tablet Ekstrak Daun Binahong selama 7 hari lalu dicek kembali kolesterol darah mencitnya.

 Hasil: Hasil Penelitian dianalisis menggunakan One Way ANOVA satu arah (p>0,05) yang kemudian di uji duncan menunjukkan Tablet Ekstrak Daun Binahong pada F3 dosis 14 mg dengan persentase penurunan 20,64% memiliki efektivitas dalam menurunkan Kadar Kolesterol Darah Pada Mencit Jantan (Mus Musculus).

Kesimpulan: Tablet Ekstrak Daun Binahong dapar memberikan efek pada penurunan kadar kolesterol total pada hewan mencit.
DEDIFFERENTIATED LEIOMYOSARCOMA
Authors: Putri Anggie Sasmita Kharisma
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND : Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is an aggressive soft tissue sarcoma that ranges from 7-10% of all cases of soft tissue sarcoma, usually occurring in adult and elderly patients.CASE REPORT : Patient Mr. M, male, 71 years old, construction worker, Tulungagung Regency. The patient has a main complaint, namely a lump under the right armpit, felt since 2 months before visiting dr. Iskak Tulungagung.DISCUSSION : Pleomorphic LMS or dedifferentiated LMS shows nonspecific and poorly differentiated pleomorphism. To make this diagnosis, the characteristic morphological features of classic LMS must be obtained, or the patient must have a prior history of LMS. On immunohistochemistry, approximately 50–75% of pleomorphic LMS are positive for at least one myogenic marker, although the smear is often weaker and more focal than in a typical area of leiomyosarcoma.CONCLUSION: Microscopically, the morphological appearance of dedifferentiated LMS can resemble the appearance of other high-grade sarcomas, so clinical, radiological, histopathological considerations and further examinations such as immunohistochemical smears are needed.
Knowledge and Use of International Classification of Function, Disability and Health Among Rehabilitation Specialists of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kimiafar Khalil , Mousavi Baigi Seyyedeh Fatemeh , Sobhani-Rad Davood , Ranjbar Elahe , Sarbaz Masoumeh , Esmaeili Mojtaba
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The lack of integrated registration of information causes additional burden, inefficiency in health and treatment systems, and finally increases cost and decreases effectiveness. Correct coding requires knowledge and use of the latest editions of the International classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF). This study aimed to investigate the level of knowledge and use of ICF among professors and rehabilitation and optometry specialists at Mashhad university of medical sciences.Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2022 to March 2023. First, the pre-designed questionnaire consists of ten multiple-choice questions that were distributed among professors and rehabilitation and optometry specialists at Mashhad university of medical sciences. Second, the data were analyzed. For this purpose, descriptive data was calculated. SPSS version 21 statistical software was used to analyze the data.Results: The majority of the participants 16 (59.3%) stated that they knew ICF. However, only 13 (48.1%) of them identified the name or abbreviation of ICF correctly, and only 3 of them (11.1%) recognized the ICF components correctly. Fifteen of the participants (55.6%) stated that they did not use the ICF, followed by 3 (11.1%) who stated that they used the ICF in the clinic and 3 (11.1%) in training. The relationship between participants' graduation degree and their familiarity with ICF was significant (p=0.02).Conclusion: The results of this study show that most of the participants did not have enough information about the ICF and its components. A lack of knowledge about the ICF prevents professionals from following the recommendations of the world health organization. As the medical industry is driven to use evidence in patient care, universities, and educational centers must also provide the necessary grounds and infrastructure for teaching and using international classification tools such as ICF, which will be used by healthcare professionals in the future.
Satisfaction With Tele-Psychotherapy Among Students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kimiafar Khalil , Sarbaz Masoumeh , Darroudi Ali , Mousavi Atefeh Sadat , Raei Mehneh Marziyeh , Mousavi Baigi Seyyedeh Fatemeh , Esmaeili Mojtaba
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Previous experiences have shown that mental health is one of the areas that is quickly affected during an epidemic. Students, in particular, require guidance and consultation with psychologists in various aspects of their lives. This study aimed to investigate the satisfaction and effectiveness of tele-psychotherapy among students at Mashhad university of medical sciences during the COVID-19 pandemic.Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2022 to March 2023. A standard questionnaire developed by Ghalibaf et al. was used. Three experts in related fields confirmed the content validity of the questionnaire, and its internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Questionnaires were distributed to all students from affiliated faculties at Mashhad university of medical sciences who had utilized tele-psychotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize and analyze the data, while analytical statistics provided a basis for inference and interpretation.Results: The majority of students reported engaging in informal counseling through virtual communication methods such as chat and voice (47.7%), while video communication methods like video conferences were less commonly used (0.05%). Overall, most students (50%) expressed moderate overall satisfaction with tele-psychotherapy. However, only a small percentage (16.7%) agreed or strongly agreed that they would continue with this style of counseling in the future. Gender was found to have a significant relationship with satisfaction in tele-psychotherapy (p<0.001), with female students reporting higher levels of satisfaction. Additionally, confidence in the confidentiality of conversations on the Internet also had a significant relationship with satisfaction in tele-psychotherapy (p<0.001).Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a sudden shift from face-to-face psychotherapy consultations to tele-psychotherapy for students, presenting them with unique challenges. The results of our study demonstrate that tele-psychotherapy can be a satisfactory option for ensuring continuity during crises. Furthermore, tele-psychotherapy offers flexibility in terms of time and location, allowing for quicker appointments if more frequent sessions are required or during emergencies.
Using Machine Learning Algorithms in Determining the Stage of Breast Cancer from Pathology Reports
Authors: Samadzad-Qushchi Shirin , Eskandarian Parinaz , Niazkhani Zahra , Rashidi Ali , Pirnejad Habibollah
Published: January 2024

Introduction: After a cancer diagnosis, the most important thing is to determine the stage and grade of the cancer. Pathology reports are the main source for cancer staging, but they do not contain all the information needed for the staging. However, the text of these reports is sometimes the only available information. We were interested in knowing whether text mining methods can be used to predict staging only from pathology reports.Material and Methods: A total of 698 pathology reports of breast cancer cases and their TNM staging collected from multiple centers in West Azerbaijan Province, Iran were used for this study. After preparing the semi-structured reports, the texts of the reports were imported into a program written by Python V3. Three machine learning algorithms of Logistic Regression, SVM, and Naïve Bayes and a simple pipeline were used for the purpose of text mining. The performance of the algorithms was evaluated in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score.Results: The Naïve Bayes algorithm achieved excellent results and a value rate of higher than 91% in all evaluation criteria (accuracy, precision, recall and F1 score). This means that the Naïve Bayes algorithm could classify the reports with high efficiency and its predictions were more correct than the other two algorithms. Naïve Bayes also outperformed SVM and Logistic Regression in terms of accuracy, recall and F1 score. In addition, Naïve-Bayes showed faster inference due to its simplicity and lower computational and training time.Conclusion: We suggest using the proposed design in this study for predicting breast cancer staging, where there is a need but not all necessary information except pathology reports. This method may not be a useful for clinical management of cancer patients, but it can be safely used for epidemiological estimations.
Analysis of Requirements for Developing a Telehealth-Based Health Management Platform in Iran
Authors: Amiri Parastoo , Sharifi Hamid , Soofi Moslem , Bahaadinbeigy Kambiz , Mohammadi Ali
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on Iran and numerous other nations, resulting in a surge in infections and fatalities. In response to the COVID-19 crisis, a range of policies and initiatives were enacted, including the deployment of telehealth services. This study aims to outline the requirements for establishing an all-encompassing platform capable of delivering telemedicine services in Iran.Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out using a researcher-made electronic questionnaire during the period of July to August 2022. All experts in the field of medical informatics and health information systems based in three provinces (Kermanshah, Kerman, and West Azerbaijan) were contacted to fill out the questionnaire, 15 participants completed and returned the questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS using descriptive statistics.Results: The requirements for the design and implementation of the systems could be divided into internal (technical and infrastructural, security-legal, and environmental), and external categories (technical and infrastructural, and security-legal). The majority of internal and external requirements were related to technical and infrastructure aspects, accounting for 83% and 95%, respectively.Conclusion: Telemedicine development tools are available to enhance healthcare services in Iran, but there is a need to strengthen the infrastructure and technical equipment to enable the utilization of this technology for improving therapeutic and educational objectives within the healthcare system.
Transfer Learning from Non-Medical Images to Medical Images Using Deep Learning Algorithms
Authors: Osmani Nooshin , Rezayi Sorayya , Esmaeeli Erfan , Karimi Afsaneh
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Machine learning, especially deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs), is a popular method for computerizing medical image analysis. This study aimed to develop DCNN models for histopathology image classification utilizing transfer learning.Material and Methods: We utilized 16 different pre-trained DCNNs to analyze the histopathology images from the animal diagnostic laboratory (ADL) database. During the image preprocessing stage, we applied two methods. The first method involved subtracting the mean of ImageNet images from all images. The second method involved subtracting the mean of histopathology training images from all images. Next, in the 16 pre-trained networks, feature extraction was done from their final six layers, and the features extracted from each layer were fed separately into the linear and non-linear support vector machine (SVM) for classification.Results: The results obtained from the ADL database show that the classification rate in lung tissue images is much better than that of the kidney and spleen. For example, the lowest detection rate in non-linear SVM for lung tissue is 14.96%, almost close to the highest accuracy in kidney and spleen tissue. The classification accuracy of the spleen images is better than that of the kidneys, with only a slight difference. In linear SVM on lung images, ResNet101 obtained the most accurate result with a value of 99.56%, followed by ResNet50, ResNet152, VGG_16, and VGG_19. In non-linear SVM on lung tissue images, the ResNet101 network with 99.65% and ResNet50 with 99.21%, followed by ResNet152, VGG_16, and VGG_19 obtained the highest detection rate.Conclusion: The classification results obtained from different methods on the ADL (including kidney, spleen, and lung histopathology images) database, confirmed the validity of transferring knowledge between non-medical and medical histopathology images. Additionally, it demonstrates the success of combining classifiers trained on deep features. This research obtained higher accuracy in the ADL database than the works done.