bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring Diagnostic and Therapeutic Markers Based on Immune-Related Genes in Psoriasis
Authors: Liu Zhuohang , Cai Zhenguo , Chu Min , Li Hang , Wang Wuqing
Published: January 2024

Background: Psoriasis is a recurrent chronic skin inflammatory disease.
Its biomarkers are currently inaccurate and lack specificity. Hence, the
immune infiltration mechanism of the key differential genes in psoriasis
and related principles are discussed in this article. Methods: The
GSE30999, GSE67853 and GSE78097 data sets were downloaded from the Gene
Expression Omnibus(GEO) database, and the differentially expressed genes
were screened with p＜0.05 & |Log2FC|＞1 by R
language. Then, hub genes were picked out through LASSO and BORUTA
analyses and verified in exterior dataset GSE83582. Further, we used
ssGSEA to evaluate the effect of genes on immune infiltration. GSVA and
GSEA algorithms were applied to assess associations between hub genes
and different pathways for enrichment. Finally, the gene selection model
of psoriasis-based immune infiltration will be examined by ROC. Results:
The characteristic genes of psoriasis are determined to be TMPRSS11D,
S100A12 and KYNU by the intersection of two algorithms. These three
genes all have strong correlations with the content of immune cells and
immune-related genes. Highly expressed TMPRSS11D, S100A12, and KYNU
genes are involved in HEME_METABOLISM, XENOBIOTIC_METABOLISM, and
MTORC1 pathways indicating that core genes affect the development and
progression of psoriasis by regulating metabolism and T cell-related
immunity. GESA showed that hub genes are linked to immune factors
concerning enriched pathways. The AUC values of these three core genes
are TMPRSS11D = AUC: 0.980 (0.959–1.000), S100A12= AUC: 0.982
(0.963–1.000), KYNU= AUC: 0.992 (0.982–1.000). Hub genes are actively
associated with each other. Eventually, the differential gene expression
of these key genes is validated by external datasets. Conclusion:
Combining bioinformatics to analyze the immune infiltration mechanism of
psoriasis provides a basis for discovering novel diagnostic biomarkers.
NURSES’ EXPERIENCES ON USING OPEN DIALOGUE APPROACH IN A LOCAL MENTAL HEALTH SERVICE: AN INTERPRETATIVE PHENOMENOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Jones Mark , Evans Nicola , Whitcombe Steven
Published: January 2024

Open Dialogue Approach is a collaborative intervention and framework for
using with service users with complex mental health challenges such as
psychosis. The aim of the study was to explore nurses’ experiences when
using the approach through an interpretative phenomenological analysis,
using semi structured interviews conducted with five mental health
nurses. Data were thematically analysed and organised within three
themes: • Experiential learning vs formalised training. • Efficacy of
the approach: o Therapeutic relationship, o Service user empowerment o
Openness/ transparency. • Tolerance of uncertainty principle; perceived
as a barrier to implementing in UK. A key finding from the study was
that participants (mental health nurses) disclosed that they felt
conflicted when using the approach, because of the principle of
tolerating uncertainty, that advocates minimal patient record keeping;
which is at odds with current legislation (UK and Wales) that stipulates
clinicians must keep full and accurate patient records. However, the
study also indicates a mechanism for overcoming this and highlights the
approach’s effectiveness by increasing service user control and
empowerment of the service user and openness/ transparency from
clinicians. If this is employed, then it appears that the principle of
tolerance of uncertainty can be ameliorated to fit with UK legislation.
Open Dialogue Approach is also reported as being effective by all of the
participants within this study, but it will require further research to
demonstrate this effectiveness within the UK to the wider clinical body
and policy developers.
Ortho-benzyl alcohol-directed multicomponent cascade reaction: a concise and practical synthesis of pyrroloquinolinediones
Authors: Huang Shuntao , Yang Qi , Wan Juan , Wang Zhuoyu , Zhang Zhou , Liu Teng , Huang Chao
Published: January 2024

Aliphatic alcohol hydroxyl or phenolic hydroxyl as a directing group has
proved to be a versatile functional group and widely used in organic
synthesis, however, ortho-benzyl alcohol used as a directing group has
never been reported. We herein described an unprecedented multicomponent
tandem reaction to assemble structurally diverse pyrroloquinolinediones
(28 examples, 70-87% yields) starting from readily available raw
materials under mild conditions. Significantly, this unique
transformation involved an ortho-benzyl alcohol as directing group to
promote a cascade reaction to the synthesis of functionalized
aminomaleimides (29 examples, 71-91% yields), which then underwent
I2-oxidized tandem annulations. This concise, environmentally friendly
and practical protocol to the preparation of a series of potentially
valuable N-fused heterocycles involved the formation of new multiple
chemical bonds (C=N, 2C-N, C-C) in a one-pot fashion.
Temperature and rainfall influence the distribution, diversity and habitat suitability of Solanum species of the Leptostemonum clade in Uganda
Authors: Kawuma Carol , Stedje Brita , Katuura Esther , Ipulet Perpetua , Mulumba John , Kakudidi Esezah , Mugizi Felly , Olayemi Anifat , Namaganda Mary
Published: January 2024

Solanum species of the Leptostemonum clade were mapped, and
predictions made on the distribution and possible habitats using a set
of environmental variables. The variables were temperature, rainfall,
slope, soil and land use/cover. During field surveys, location presence
data (geocoded with Germin S90 GPS) was collected. Additional data were
obtained from herbarium specimens kept at Makerere University Herbarium
and others obtained from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility.
Distribution maps were generated in ArcMap software. Using MaxEnt
software (version 3.3.3), spatial distribution models were generated.
Model evaluation was based on the generated Area Under Curve (AUC) of
both the testing and training gain data. The Jackknife test was used to
assess the importance of each environmental variable in predicting
species occurrence. Eighteen species were analyzed out of the 20 known
to occur in the country. Solanumchrysotrichum was
recorded as a new species to Uganda, thus, a new total of 21 species
known for the country. Presence of S. forskalii in Uganda was
confirmed. Most of the species occur in disturbed habitats in the land
use/cover areas defined as croplands, tree cover and grasslands. The
highest species richness was recorded in south western Uganda with a
total of 11 species. Karamoja had unique diversity with species
restricted to the region and these included S. forskalii, S.
lanzae, S. coagulans and S. hastifolium. The environmental parameters
selected for the study when used in combination had a good fit in
predicting the occurrence of species as revealed by the high AUC values.
Temperature and rainfall were the most useful variables in predicting
occurrence of Solanum species. Karamoja region and south western
Uganda are hotspots for conservation of the spiny Solanum.
Periodic field surveys should be carried out to assess the effect of
climate change and anthropogenic disturbance on the occurrence of the
species.
Gomphostemma ovatum wall. (Lamiaceae), a new record reported from the Ultapani forest range of Assam, North East India
Authors: BAGLARY GOURI , Islary Anuck
Published: January 2024

Gomphostemma ovatum Wall. (Lamiaceae) from Ultapani forest range,
Kokrajhar, Assam, India, has been studied for the purpose of
identification. The plant is spotted in the shady roadside with
yellow-coloured flowers and tube-like roots. The morphological
characters and taxonomic notes are discussed to identify the species of
Gomphostemma.
Regulation of Non-Traditional Intrinsic Luminescence (NTIL) in Hyperbranched Polysiloxanes by Adjusting Alkane Chain Lengths: mechanism, film fabrication and chemical sensing
Authors: Bai Lihua , Liu Xiangrong , Yan Hongxia , Zhao Shunsheng
Published: January 2024

Biocompatible polymers with non-traditional intrinsic luminescence
possess the advantages of environmental friendliness and facile
structural regulation, however, it is challenging to regulate the
emission property. In this work, five kinds of hyperbranched
polysiloxanes (HBPSi) with different alkane chain lengths are
synthesized. Optical investigation shows that the emission wavelength of
HBPSi is closely related to the alkane chain lengths, namely, short
alkane chains will generate relative long-wavelength emission.
Electronic communication among functional groups is responsible for the
emission. HBPSi molecules aggregate together due to the strong hydrogen
bond and amphiphilicity, the functional groups in the aggregate are so
close that their electron clouds are overlapped and generate spatial
electronic delocalizations. HBPSi with shorter alkane chains will
generate larger electronic delocalizations and emit longer-wavelength
emissions. Moreover, these polymers show excellent application in the
fabrication of fluorescent films and chemical sensing. This work could
provide a strategy for regulating the emission wavelength of
unconventional fluorescent polymers.
Polyoxygenated (9β-H)-Pimarane Derivatives from Leaves of Icacina oliviformis and Their Anti-tumor Activities
Authors: Xu Mingming , Di Di , Fan Lu , Ma Yingrun , Wei Xinyi , Shang Er-xin , Onakpa Monday M. , Johnson Oluwatosin O. , Duan Jin-Ao , Che Chuntao , Zhou Junfei , Zhao Ming
Published: January 2024

Thirteen novel polyoxygenated (9β-H)-pimarane derivatives, icacinolides
A–G (1–7), oliviformislactones C–H (8–13), and two known analogs (14
and 15), were isolated from the leaves of Icacina oliviformis. Their
structures were constructed by spectroscopic analysis, chemical method,
13C NMR-DP4+ analysis, ECD calculation, and single-crystal X-ray
diffraction technology. Among them, compounds 1, 5, and 7 were the first
three examples bearing a novel rearranged 3-epi-17-nor-(9β-H)-pimarane
carbon skeleton with a unique
(11S)-carboxyl-9-oxatricyclo[5.3.1.02,7]dodecane motif with
contiguous stereogenic centers, whereas their C-3 epimers, compounds
2–4 and 6 were the first four rearranged 17-nor-(9β-H)-pimaranes
possessing a unique 19,20-epoxy bridge. Additionally, compound 8
represented the first example of 16-nor-(9β-H)-pimarane in the Icacina
genus, and its absolute configuration was constructed by the X-ray
diffraction method of its 4-nitro-benzenesulfonamide derivative. In
cytotoxicity bioassay, compound 14 showed broad-spectrum anti-tumor
activity against HepG2, HT-29, and MIA PaCa-2 cell lines with IC50
values of 11.62, 9.77, and 4.91 μM, respectively. In particular, 2
showed significant cytotoxicity against HT-29 with IC50 values of 7.88
μM, which was stronger than the positive control drug 5-fluorouracil.
Meanwhile, a preliminary structure-activity relationship suggested that
3,20-epoxy, 6,19-lactone, 2-OH, 7-OH, and 8-OH, in 9β-H)-pimarane
derivatives might be active groups, whereas ring C aromatization may
decrease the anti-tumor activity.
Seasonal Influence on the Enzymatic Activities of Seeds of Five Sesamum Genotypes in Six Developmental Stages
Authors: MONALISA SP
Published: January 2024

The effects of growing seasons on the enzymatic activities
(alpha-amylase and dehydrogenase) of seeds of five sesamum genotypes
viz., Uma, Amrit, Nirmal, CUMS-17, and Prachi in six developmental
stages (7,14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 DAA) were investigated. The experiment
was conducted in the Department of Seed Science and Technology, OUAT,
Bhubaneswar during 2014-16. The alpha-amylase and dehydrogenase
activities in the developing seeds increased consistently till 35 DAA
after which there was slight decrease in values of these traits up to
maturity (42 DAA). Among the varieties, Prachi registered the highest
alpha-amylase activity (140.25µg/g) followed by CUMS-17 (137.00µg/g) at
physiological maturity stage (35 DAA) and Uma had the lowest value
(124.25µg/g). Among the growing seasons, the kharif seeds had the
highest alpha-amylase activity (140.75µg/g) followed by summer (131.50
µg/g) and rabi (122.65µg/g). Among the sesame varieties studied, the
dehydrogenase activity was found to be highest in Prachi and CUMS-17
(0.36 mg/g and 0.33 mg/g) and lowest in Uma (0.28 mg/g). The khaif
harvest seeds registered the highest dehydrogenase activity (0.34 mg/g)
followed by summer (0.30 mg/g) and rabi (0.29 mg/g) followed by those
produced in summer (0.06mg/g) and rabi (0.05mg/g).
Letter to the Editor: Effect of Depression on Infertility in Traditional Iranian Medicine
Authors: kalejahi parinaz , Mirzaei mohammad reza , mohammdinasab reza
Published: January 2024

Infertility is a disease that can be caused by many different reasons in
both men and women (1). On the other hand, Infertility treatment as a
relatively common medical problem is associated with imposing high
economic costs on the family and society (2). Identifying the factors
that can affect the treatment of this disorder can be considered a
suitable and less costly solution. In modern medicine, it has been
stated that the diagnosis of infertility in couples can lead to
psychiatric disorders. According to some studies, 20 to 60 percent of
infertile patients suffer from mild to severe symptoms of depression and
anxiety (3).
Anti-Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Meningitis with Psychotic Symptoms
Authors: Cheng Xiaofei , Yang Qian , Su Zhewei , Sun Linyuan , Wang Mei , Li Mingli
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)
antibody-associated encephalitis is a demyelinating central nervous
system disease, whose most common clinical manifestations are optic
neuritis, myelitis and acute disseminated encephalitis. However, data on
psychotic symptoms in anti-MOG antibody-associated meningitis are still
limited. Case description: A 31-year-old female presented with headache,
fever, thinking rupture, and dissociative amnesia. Enhancement of the
pia mater was found in her magnetic resonance imaging. With antiviral
therapies and anti-psychotic treatment, her symptoms didn’t disappear
until positive anti-MOG IgG antibody was found in the serum and she
received steroid therapy. Conclusion: Psychotic symptoms may be the main
manifestation of anti-MOG antibody-associated meningitis. Besides being
caused by anti-neuronal antibodies against cell-surface antigens (such
as anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies) and intracellular
antigens (such as anti-Hu antibodies), autoimmune psychosis could also
occur due to anti-myelin antibodies against MOG. These findings may
expand the understanding of this newly described autoimmune disease.
Dysfunction of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zhou Zhiguang , Kong Ran , Bi Yuanjie , Peng Yani , Yu Haibo
Published: January 2024

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by insulin
deficiency. Abnormal autoimmunity targeting the pancreatic islets leads
to dysfunction of pancreatic cells and the inability to secrete insulin.
The pathogenesis of abnormal autoimmunity in T1D is complex. Currently,
it is widely believed that regulatory T cells (T )
are involved in the process of the onset of T1D. T
primarily maintain immune tolerance by suppressing effector T cell (T
) by direct contact or by the release of cytokines.
Numerous studies have shown defects in the immunosuppressive function of
T in autoimmune diseases, such as T1D. Compared
with healthy individuals, T1D patients exhibit abnormalities in the
frequency, function, gene expression, apoptosis, related signaling
pathways, and cytokines of T . This review
summarizes how deficiencies in T in the
aforementioned aspects are involved in the pathogenesis of T1D and helps
to develop novel treatment methods by understanding the underlying
mechanisms of action.
A Reflective View of Covid from an out-of-school programme in Alberta, Canada
Authors: King peter
Published: January 2024

Background: This paper was a reflective study undertaken with a
play organisation in Alberta, Canada to explore how their out-of-school
programmes coped during COVID-19. Methods: The study involved
an online survey and interview with staff working in Alberta, Canada.
The data was analysed using Framework Analysis. Results: When
compared to similar studies undertaken, for example in the United
Kingdom (UK), similarities in relation to a reduction in children
attending, resources available and the play space was the result of
lockdown restrictions imposed in Canada. There was also a similar
increase in cleaning, social distancing measures (children in cohorts)
and administration. Differences between the UK studies and this
reflective account included no new policies had to be written and
children were able to mix in larger age groups within their cohorts
Conclusions: This study highlights how out-of-school childcare
in Canada was impacted by Covid-19 for Grade 1 to 6 children in Canada.
Inhibition of Epithelial Cell ERS Induced by AE Alleviates Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in LAR
Authors: Xiang Feng , Zhang Hui , Jing Ran , Zheng Jie , Zhang Jianfeng , Zhang Qinxiu , Li Xinrong
Published: January 2024

Background: Epithelial barrier disruption is the initial pathogenesis of
various diseases. We previously reported that acupoint catgut embedding
(AE) improved tight junction proteins in rats with allergic rhinitis.
However, whether AE benefits the epithelial barrier in local allergic
rhinitis (LAR ) is unknown. Methods: In the present study, we used LAR
model rats with or without AE treatment to investigate the effect of AE
on nasal mucosal barrier function. Then, the LAR model rats were treated
with capsaicin or tunicamycin (TM) to investigate the mechanism of AE on
LAR. Results: AE ameliorated symptoms and pathological changes of nasal
mucosa in LAR rats. In addition, AE reduced inflammatory factors (IL4,
IL5, IL13) and inhibited endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) by reducing
substance P (SP). Finally, AE improved the epithelial barrier function
in LAR by suppressing ERS. Conclusion: the present study strongly
confirms that AE is an effective method to improve nasal barrier
function and prevent LAR barrier damage.
Luteolin blocks dopaminergic neuron degeneration and shifts microglial M1/M2 polarization by inhibiting Toll like receptor 4
Authors: yan Luo , Xie Yangzhi , Chen Liang , Chen Jiacheng
Published: January 2024

Background: Luteolin is a natural flavonoid, and its neuroprotective and
anti-inflammatory effects have been confirmed to mitigate
neurodegeneration. Despite these findings, the underlying mechanisms
responsible for these effects remain unclear. Toll-like receptor 4
(TLR4) is widely expressed in microglia and plays a pivotal role in
neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Here we outline studies aimed
at determining the mechanisms responsible for the neuroprotective and
anti-inflammatory effects of luteolin using a mouse model of Parkinson’s
disease (PD), and specifically focusing on the role of TLR4 in this
process. Methods: The mouse model of PD used in this study was
established through a single injection of LPS. Mice were subsequently
randomly assigned to either the luteolin or vehicle-treated group, then
motor performance and dopaminergic neuronal injury were evaluated. BV2
microglial cells were treated with luteolin or vehicle saline prior to
LPS challenge. mRNA expression of microglial marker IBA-1 and M1/M2
polarization markers, as well as the levels of pro-inflammatory
cytokines in the mesencephalic tissue and BV2 were quantified by RT-PCR
and ELISA, respectively. Apoptosis and cell viability of SH-SY5Y cells
co-cultured with BV2 were examined. TLR4 RNA transcript and protein
abundance in mesencephalic tissue and BV2 cells were detected. NFkB p65
subunit phosphorylation both in vivo and in vitro was evaluated by
immunoblotting. Results: Luteolin treatment induced functional
improvements and alleviated dopaminergic neuronal loss in our PD model.
Luteolin inhibited apoptosis and promoted cell survival in SH-SY5Y
cells. Luteolin treatment shifted microglial M1/M2 polarization towards
the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype both in vivo and in vitro. Finally,
we found that luteolin treatment significantly downregulated both TLR4
mRNA and protein expression as well as restraining NFkB p65 subunit
phosphorylation. Conclusions: Luteolin promoted dopaminergic neuronal
survival in vivo and in vitro by blocking TLR4-mediated
neuroinflammation.
Solanum pandeyi (Solanaceae): A new species from Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
Authors: Singh Lal , Kasana Shruti
Published: January 2024

Solanum pandeyii ……………., a new
species, is discovered in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India.
Morphological and molecular analyses suggest that it is closely related
to S. violaceum and belongs to the Leptostemonum clade of Solanum (the
“spiny” solanums). These two species can be distinguished in habit,
vegetative morphology, trichome morphology, indumentums, inflorescence
architecture and floral characters. A detailed morphological account,
molecular analyses, illustration and preliminary conservation status of
the new species have been provided here along with a diagnostic
comparison with the closely related species, S. violaceum.
Portulaca shivanii (Portulacaceae), a new species from Aravalli hills, India
Authors: Srivastava Amber , Chauhan Nishant
Published: January 2024

Portulaca shivanii (Portulacaceae) is described and illustrated here as
a new species from the Aravalli hills (Jaipur, Rajasthan) India. The new
species is described under subgenus Portulaca sect. Neossia having
opposite leaf characteristics and it resembles with P. quadrifida L. in
having prostrate habit, articulated stem, four petals and flowers
encircled by four involucral bracts, but differs in having
oblong-lanceolate and slightly concave leaves, pale yellow flowers
becoming creamish white towards apex, presence of glandular hairs on
stamen filaments and thick roots. A taxonomic description showing
detailed morphological characters of the new species is provided here
along with a key to the subgenus Portulaca sect. Neossia in India.
“Silent Struggles Unveiled”: Uncovering the Dark Consequences of Alcohol Abstinence - A Rare Case Report
Authors: Setia Puneet , Mathew Deepu , Bhargava Daideepya Chandra
Published: January 2024

Introduction Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is a serious
illness that can occur when a person who is an alcoholic abruptly stops
drinking. The symptoms can range from mild to severe and include
physical symptoms such as tremors, anxiety, nausea, vomiting, headache,
sweating, rapid heart rate, high blood pressure, and insomnia;
psychological symptoms such as depression, irritability, restlessness,
and concentration difficulties; and behavioural symptoms such as social
withdrawal and aggression. In certain cases, symptoms may be mild and
resolve on their own within a few days. The majority of previous
research on alcohol withdrawal has focused on physical symptoms, such as
tremors, perspiration, and anxiety. Case summary This is a
one-of-a-kind case of a long-term alcoholic who voluntarily quit
drinking. As a consequence of alcohol withdrawal, he developed AWS
symptoms. Tragically, despite the struggles he faced, he did not seek
appropriate medical care, ultimately leading to his decision to take his
own life. Conclusion Suicide in AWS is a preventable
complication if we provide adequate treatment for AWS and underlying
alcoholism. This case report emphasizes the importance of recognizing
and managing AWS under supervision either institutional or in home and
the possible association with suicide risk in alcoholics if not managed
expeditiously.
The First Year: Profiling the Home Environment of Infants from Low-Income Homes
Authors: Dynia Jaclyn , Tambyraja Sherine , Rhoad-Drogalis Anna , Koury Abel , Bates Randi , Dore Rebecca , Justice Laura
Published: January 2024

The home environment is one of the most proximal and impactful settings
for young children. Little research has examined the nature of
variability in the home environment for children from low-income homes,
even as more recent work suggests heterogeneity within economically
disadvantaged households. Using a subsample from a larger, longitudinal
study, we examined the extent to which differential profiles of the home
environment of infants from low-income backgrounds could be identified.
A latent profile analysis (LPA) suggested three profiles of the home
environment: low home environment, average home environment, and high
involvement. These three groups did not differ on family characteristics
such as parental education, income, or marital status but did differ
with respect to maternal stress and material support. Specifically,
maternal stress and material support were lower in the group with high
involvement.
Fruit anatomy of the genus Prangos Lindl. (Apiaceae) in Iran and its systematic implications
Authors: zarei raziyeh , mohammadian Mansour Afshar , Mozaffarian Valiollah
Published: January 2024

The fruit anatomy of all species of the genus Prangos in Iran for the
first time has been studied comparatively based on mericarp shape in
transverse sections. The species were divided into four groups based on
the mericarp structure, vallecular vittae, vascular bundle and rib oil
duct. The results showed that the fruit of Prangos species is usually
with mesocarp 4-5 parts. Anatomical studies also confirmed the
morphological and anatomical differences between sections of
Alococarpum, Latilobae and Ulopterae, and other members of the genus. As
a result of this study, we are able to identify and classify the species
of this genus using anatomical features (similarities and differences
between between the species) of the fruit.
Ecological evaluation of vegetation pattern of Sultan Khail valley, Hindu Kush range of Pakistan using advance multivariate analysis
Authors: Rahman Khaista , Akhtar Naveed
Published: January 2024

Abstract Background: Both environmental and edaphic variables plays
important role in the structure, composition and distribution of plant
communities. We aimed to explore the impact of various topographic and
soil physicochemical properties on vegetation in Sultan Khail valley,
Hindukush range of Pakistan. Materials and methods: Data was collected
during 2017- 2019. For the collection of fieldwork data, the valley was
divided into various ecological zones based on altitude, aspect,
physiognomy and geographical coordinates. Two hundred relevés were
placed for the collection of data. Canopy coverage, cover/abundance of
vascular plants species was determined using the Braun-Blanquet’s cover
abundance scale. Soil samples were collected and analyzed for various
physicochemical properties. In JUICE host program, modified Two Way
Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN) was used to do multivariate
analysis of vegetative data. To highlight diagnostic, constant and
dominant specie, 40% threshold level was set for fidelity, frequency
and cover of species in each association. For Ordination of vegetation,
DCA ordination was performed using R Project version 3.6.1. Results:
Modified TWINSPAN results into the formation of 5 association of
vegetation (1. Abies-Picea-Sibbaldia association (APS), 2.
Pinus-Wikstroemia- Galium association (PWG), 3. Ajuga-Artemisia-Quercus
association (AAQ), 4. Cotoneaster-Quercus-Indigofera association (CQI)
and 5. Conyza-Juglans-Dicliptera association (CJD). The results of DCA
ordination indicated that altitude aspect, slope angle, clay (%)
potassium and soil pH were the most important factors controlling
species distribution in different associations found in Sultan khail
valley, Pakistan. Key words: Cluster analysis, DCA Ordination,
Vegetation communities, Edaphic and topographic variables, Sultan Khail
Valley
Biomarker Development Trial to test the diagnostic accuracy of EUA approved RT-PCR assay and a Laboratory Developed LAMP SARS-CoV-2 test in paired nasopharyngeal, saliva, and urine samples
Authors: Purcell-Wiltz Ana , Zamuner Fernando Tadeu , Caraballo Karem , Jesus Lorena De , Miranda Yaima , Ortiz Denise , Negrón Amanda García , Cortés Andrea , Baez Adriana , Romaguera Josefina , Jiménez-Velázquez Ivonne , Ortiz Alberto , Canabal Jorge Acevedo , Viera Liliana , Sydranski David , Guerrero-Preston Rafael
Published: January 2024

As the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic virus has spread throughout the world,
millions of positive cases of COVID-19 have been registered and, even
though there are millions of people already vaccinated against
SARS-CoV-2, a large part of the global population remains vulnerable to
contracting the virus. Given the difficulty of massive sample collection
in Puerto Rico and the restrictions to perform the molecular test to
detect SARS-CoV-2, this study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy
of the TaqPath RT-PCR COVID-19 kit and a LAMP SARS-CoV-2 Laboratory
Developed Test in paired nasopharyngeal, saliva, and urine samples.
Automated RNA extraction was performed in the KingFisher Flex
instrument, whilst PCR quantification of SARS-CoV-2 on the 7500 Fast Dx
RT-PCR instrument using the TaqPath RT-PCR COVID-19 molecular test. The
PCR data was interpreted by the COVID-19 Interpretive Software from
Applied Biosystems and statistically analyzed with Cohen’s kappa
coefficient (k). Cohen’s kappa coefficient (k) for paired nasal and
saliva samples was found to be 0.52, showing moderate agreement. Nasal
and saliva samples displayed concordance and it was determined that
saliva samples had a higher viral load. Another objective was to compare
the positive or negative result of the RT-PCR with the positive or
negative result of LifeGene-Biomarks SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Colorimetric LAMP
LDT, which resulted in 90% concordance. Due to this, the use of saliva
and LifeGene-Biomarks SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Colorimetric LAMP test is
suggested for further evaluation as an alternative to nasal, urine, and
RT-PCR tests for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, since it can be easily
used in clinics, hospitals, the workplace, and at home, optimizing the
surveillance and collection process, which helps mitigate the global
public health and socioeconomic damage caused by airborne pandemics.
Highlight the Effect of Pro-inflammatory Mediators in the pathogenesis of Periodontal Diseases and Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Hashim Nada , Babiker Rasha , Rahman Muhammed , Mohammed Riham , Nallan Krishna
Published: January 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurological condition that is
significantly more prevalent when people become older. It may start out
early or late. A rise in levels of proinflammatory cytokines and
microglial activation, both of which contribute to the central nervous
system’s inflammatory state, are characteristics of AD (CNS). As opposed
to this, periodontitis is a widespread oral infection brought on by
gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. By releasing proinflammatory cytokines
into the systemic circulation, periodontitis can be classified as a
“low-grade systemic disease.” Periodontitis and AD are linked by
inflammation, which is recognized to play a crucial influence in both
the illness and treatment process. The current review sought to
highlight the effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which are released
during periodontal and Alzheimer’s diseases in the pathophysiology of
both conditions. It also addresses the puzzling relationship between AD
and periodontitis, highlighting the etiology, and potential
ramifications.
An Approach to Assessing the Impact of Hurricane Matthew on Meiofaunal Communities in Sandy Beach Environments
Authors: Giraldo Daniel , Colorado Angie , Lagos Ana Milena , Quiroga Sigmer Y. , Leon M. Victoria
Published: January 2024

Hurricanes are natural periodic events that disrupt marine ecosystems
along their path, altering the distribution and abundance of organisms.
In October 2016, Hurricane Matthew struck the Santa Marta region and
impacted its coastal zone, yet there have been insufficient studies to
measure its effects. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of
Hurricane Matthew on the meiofaunal community in the Santa Marta region.
To achieve this, sediment samples were collected from the intertidal
zone of three beaches five days after the hurricane had passed. The
results were compared with previous data on the abundance and diversity
of taxonomic groups of intertidal meiofauna, as well as physicochemical
variables such as granulometry, organic matter, salinity, and water
temperature. Following Hurricane Matthew, the physicochemical variables
showed changes due to the effect of the cyclonic surge in the coastal
zone. The average organism density on the beaches ranged from 29.3 to
250.8 ind./10cm , which were lower values than those
recorded before the hurricane. However, the total number of recorded
taxa was 13, which is close to the 15 previously registered. The ANOSIM
test confirmed differences in the meiofaunal community before and after
Hurricane Matthew, with nauplius and copepod being the groups that
contributed the most to the dissimilarity between periods. The
environmental variables of organic matter and temperature best explained
the structure of the meiofaunal community after the natural phenomenon.
This study highlights the importance of meiofauna as a monitoring tool
for beaches and the effects of environmental disturbances such as
hurricanes, which are expected to become more common in coastal areas
due to climate change.
Unleashing Nature’s Defense: Potent Antimicrobial Power of Mediterranean Ethyl Acetate Extracts against Oral Pathogens and Streptococcus mutans Biofilms
Authors: Hickl Joachim , Argyropoulou Aikaterini , Al-Ahmad Ali , Hellwig Elmar , Skaltsounis Alexios Leandros , Wittmer Annette , Vach Kristin , Karygianni Lamprini
Published: January 2024

The increasing demand for alternatives to antibiotics against resistant
bacteria has led to research on natural products. Aim of this study was
to analyze the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of 16
Mediterranean herb extracts against representative oral microorganisms.
The production of ethyl acetate extracts and the assays were carried out
under established experimental conditions. The extracts were analyzed
using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). The minimum
inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration
(MBC) of the extracts from Achillea taygetea, Cistus creticus ssp.
creticus, Cistus monspeliensis, Lavandula stoechas, Mentha aquatica,
Mentha longifolia, Origanum vulgare, Phlomis cretica, Rosmarinus
officinalis, Salvia sclarea, Satureja parnassica, Satureja thymbra,
Sideritis euboea, Sideritis syriaca, Stachys spinosa, and Thymus
longicaulis were determined against eight typical oral bacteria and the
fungus Candida albicans. Microtiter plate test was conducted to evaluate
the antibiofilm activity against Streptococcus mutans. Overall, all
tested extracts efficiently suppressed the growth of obligate anaerobic
bacteria. The extracts exhibited moderate to high antibiofilm activity
comparable to that of chlorhexidine (CHX) against S. mutans.
Interestingly, R. officinalis and O. vulgare demonstrated the highest
antibacterial activity against oral bacteria. Additionally, R.
officinalis and L. stoechas significantly inhibited S. mutans biofilm
formation at 0.15 mg / ml. Parvimonas micra showed high susceptibility
to R. officinalis, while C. albicans was sensitive to the O. vulgare
extract with a minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 2.50 mg / ml.
These results suggest that the investigated plant extracts can be
considered as alternative natural antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents
against infectious oral diseases.
Dandelion detoxification lotion promotes the healing of venous ulcers by inhibiting ferroptosis via the CoQ-FSP1 axis
Authors: Lu Yongpan , Zhao De jie , Liu Ming , Cao Guoqi , Liu Chunyan , Yin Siyuan , Song Ru , Ma Jiaxu , Sun Rui , Wu Zhenjie , Liu Jian , Wang Yibing
Published: January 2024

Objective: Dandelion detoxification lotion (DDL, number Z01080175)
clears heat, detoxifies, activates the blood circulation, reduces
swelling, and dispels decay and pus. The aim of this study was to
investigate the mechanism of action by which DDL functions in the
treatment of venous ulcers (VUs). Methods: Normal tissues as well as VU
tissues before and after DDL treatment were collected from nine VU
patients in the hospital with ethical approval. These three tissues were
subjected to Prussian blue iron staining, immunoblotting,
immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and qPCR to detect the
expression of ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1), coenzyme Q (CoQ)
4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). After
successful validation of the heme-induced human foreskin fibroblast
(HFF) ferroptosis model, lyophilized DDL powder was added to the cells,
and the cells were subjected to viability assays, immunoblotting, flow
cytometry, glutathione (GSH) and malonaldehyde (MDA) assays, electron
microscopy and qPCR assays. Results: Ferroptosis in VU tissues was
stronger than that in normal tissues, and ferroptosis in VU tissues
after DDL treatment was weaker than that before treatment. Inhibition of
CoQ and FSP1 and transfection of FSP1 influenced the effects of DDL.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that DDL may promote healing by
attenuating ferroptosis in VUs and that DDL may promote VU healing by
modulating the CoQ-FSP1 axis.
Analysis of plasma proteomic differences in the effects of empagliflozin on patients with diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Yang dawei , zhou lianji , He mingjie , Zheng qiuyi , Ou lina
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE Empagliflozin can effectively improve the renal function of
diabetics, while its mechanism has still remained elusive. In this
study, the differentially expressed proteins in plasma exosomes of
patients with diabetic nephropathy before and after treatment with
empagliflozin were analyzed by proteomics, and the possible mechanism of
empagliflozin in improving diabetic nephropathy was explored. METHODS
Bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed proteins in serum
exosomes of 7 patients before and after using empagliflozin was
performed using the 4D label-free quantitative proteomics. RESULTS
Electron microscopy, negative staining, nanoparticle tracking analysis
(NTA), and Western blotting confirmed that the isolated exosomes had
high purity, and 3110 proteins were totally identified by mass
spectrometry. Compared with before treatment, there were 35 upregulated
differentially expressed proteins and 78 downregulated differentially
expressed proteins after treatment with empagliflozin. The results of
Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)
pathway enrichment analyses revealed that these differentially expressed
proteins were mainly involved in important biological processes, such as
blood coagulation, complement activation, protein polymerization, fibrin
clot formation, and acute phase reaction. CONCLUSION Before and after
treatment with empagliflozin, there were certain differences in levels
of differentially expressed proteins in plasma exosomes of patients with
diabetic nephropathy.
Expression and significance of ELANE and CTSG in primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction
Authors: Yu Xinyue , Wang Kerui , Li Jing , Hu Yu , Meng Ziwei , Zeng Jingshu , Du Han , Wen Chaojuan , Chen Meiqing , Li Shuiling , Shen Yongqing , Chen Rongxin , Shen Huangxuan , Liang Xuanwei
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To clarify the different proteins between primary acquired
nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) patients and healthy people and to
explore the underlying pathogenesis. Methods: We collected tears from
research subjects and used proteomics methods to determine protein
expression.The target differential proteins were screened by
bioinformatics analysis and and provide proof of histological staining
Results: The proteomics experiments included 4 patients and 4 controls,
all female. A total of 369 differential proteins (DEPs) were identified
between two groups (FC > 1.5, P value < 0.05).
The DEPs are mainly involved in the immune response and inflammatory
processes, included ELANE and CTSG. Immunohistochemistry experiments
found the positive expression of ELANE and CTSG in the PANDO
nasolacrimal duct, but expression was not related to the degree of
pathological injury (P=0.929; P=0.779). ELANE and CTSG was significantly
higher in chronic dacryocystitis than in acute (P<0.001;
P=0.031; P=0.031). There was a significant positive correlation between
ELANE and CTSG expression. Conclusions: PANDO patients have tons of DEPs
in tears compared to healthy people, which are mainly involved in
inflammatory and immune processes. The positive expression of ELANE and
CTSG and are strongly associated with a chronic inflammatory process of
PANDO.
Selective oxidation of aromatic alcohols into Corresponding Benzaldehyde Derivatives with Fe3O4@CS@γ-Al2O3 nanocomposite under Ultrasound (US) Irradiation Conditions
Authors: Javidfar Fereshteh , fadaeian manoochehr , Ghomi Javad Safaei
Published: January 2024

In the current project, we describe a green, simple, and eco-friendly
procedure for the oxidation of aromatic alcohols into benzaldehydes
derivatives with a new Fe3O4@CS@γ-Al2O3 nanocomposite and H2O2 as the
sole oxidant for the first time. The catalytic performance of
Fe3O4@CS@γ-Al2O3 composites as heterogeneous nanocatalysts were studied
in the selectively oxidized benzyl alcohols to generate relevant
benzaldehyde. Also, the functional parameters of the reaction,
containing H2O2 concentration, time, different solvents, and
nanocatalyst dosage, were investigated. XRD, FTIR, EDX, FESEM, and VSM
analyses were applicated to confirm the size of morphology and structure
of the prepared samples. Easy separation, excellent conversion, good
recoverability, magnetic catalyst separation, low time, excellent
function, and ultrasound irradiation can be named as some highlighting
features of this project.
Processing methods towards scalable fabrication of perovskite solar cells: A brief review.
Authors: Kumar Ashwani , tripathi suryakant , Shkir Mohd. , Alkallas Fatemah , Trabelsi Amira , AlFaify S.
Published: January 2024

Recent rapid growth in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has sparked
research attention due to their photovoltaic efficacy, which exceeds
25% for small-area PSCs. The perovskite film’s optical and electrical
properties, including as light absorption, carrier diffusion length, and
charge transport, are directly controlled by its shape. Therefore, this
review begins with the structure of perovskite solar cells and
highlights the latest film production technologies and how film
morphology affects performance. To commercialize PSCs and enhance
scalability, several technologies have been devised to make high-quality
perovskite films. Spin coating, chemical vapor deposition,
blade-coating, spray coating, flexographic printing, screen printing,
and inkjet printing have been shown to manage film formation and improve
power conversion efficiency (PCE) by over 21%. Large-scale production
is feasible with chemical vapour deposition and thermal vapour
deposition despite their complex technological requirements and high
reproducibility of processing and manufacturing. We concluded by
reviewing perovskite solar cell fabrication methods and
commercialization prospects. To commercialize perovskite solar cells,
existing fabrication technologies need to be refined and more studies
should be done.
Strategies for increasing solubility of porphyrins in aqueous media
Authors: Shi Lei , Yang Lingyan , Tang Chen , Chen XueQian , Zhong HuanXin , He Jun , Liu Yunmei
Published: January 2024

The development of cancer treatment technology has promoted the strategy
and application of photosensitizers. The unique structural
characteristics of porphyrin photosensitizers show strong photodynamic
therapy and photothermal therapy capabilities for cancer treatment, and
excellent imaging capabilities for cancer diagnosis and localization.
However, many factors such as poor water solubility, easy aggregation,
poor bioavailability of porphyrin compounds limit their clinical
application. This paper reviews the methods by introduction of ions, the
hydrophilic structure of porphyrin compounds and the preparation of
porphyrin nano-particles to improve the solubility of porphyrin. This
paper reviews the methods of improving solubility of porphyrin such as
in-troduction of ions or hydrophilic structure, preparation of
nanoparticles.
Expression and correlation analysis of neuropeptide-related molecules in peripheral blood of patients with COVID-19
Authors: Li Hongwei , Zhao Li , Wu Shangzhi , Tang Sixiang , Kunwar Keshab Bahadur , Lu Chengyu , Chen Dehui
Published: January 2024

Objective  To investigate the expression of neuropeptide family members
in the peripheral blood of children infected with COVID-19 and its
correlation with inflammatory indicators. Methods  Blood samples were
collected from 40 newly diagnosed children with COVID-19 infection and
17 hospitalized children with non-COVID-19 bronchial pneumonia in our
hospital during the same period. Baseline clinical data were collected
and analyzed. Expression and correlation analysis of
neuropeptide-related molecules in peripheral blood were detected and
analyzed by ELISA. Results  In this study, 43% of COVID-19 patients are
male. 71% of non-COVID-19 patients are male. ACE and ACE2 in the
COVID-19 group were not significantly higher than that in the
non-COVID-19 group, and ACE2 in non-COVID-19 and moderate COVID-19
groups was higher than that in severe groups (p=0.04*; p=0.03*). ASCL1
in the non-COVID-19 group was higher than that in the COVID-19 group
(p=0.04*). ASCL1 in the non-COVID group was higher than that in the
severe COVID group (P=0.02*). There were no significant differences in
SP, VIP, and GRP between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 groups. ASCL1
respectively with N % (r = -0.534, p < 0.001 * * *), CRP (r
=- 0.522, p < 0.001 * * *) negatively correlated, L % (r =
0.572, p< 0.001 * * *), AST (r = 0.496, p = 0.001 * *) were
positively correlated. There was no significant correlation with WBC
count, PLT count, ALT, LDH. Conclusions We found that, unlike adults,
ACE and ACE2 were not high in children with COVID-19. ASCL1 in children
with COVID-19 is lower than that in non-COVID-19 children, which may
indicate that ASCL1 may be decreased in COVID-19 patients. At the same
time, ASCL1 is negatively correlated with N% and CRP, suggesting that
ASCL1 may play a certain role in COVID-19 inflammation.
The interplay between M1/M2 macrophages and sensory neurons in pain modulation
Authors: Zhu Xiaoyan , Zhu Xiaoye , Zhang Yuqi , Xiong Yunchuan , cheng zhigang , Guo Qulian
Published: January 2024

Pain is a signal of inflammation that can be both protective and
pathogenic. Macrophages, a significant component of the immune system,
play an essential role in the occurrence and development of pain,
particularly in neuroimmune communication. Macrophages exhibit two
distinct phenotypes: pro-inflammatory M1-like and anti-inflammatory
M2-like phenotypes. Sensory neurons can promote macrophages into the M1
phenotype to produce pro-inflammatory mediators to defend against
infection while causing tissue damage and inducing pain. However, this
can be inhibited by M2 macrophages, facilitated by sensory nerves,
resulting in pain resolution. This article provides an overview of the
interplay between sensory nerves and M1/M2 macrophages during the
induction and resolution of pain.