bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the experience of regulating the legal status of advocate in the Federal Republic of Germany from the perspective of its possible use in the Russian Federation
Authors: Soloviova Yu. I.
Published: January 2021

The article substantiates the need to use foreign experience in regulating an advocate’s status as an important source of resources for improving the legislation of the Russian Federation. The formation of advocacy is influenced by many factors: the level of legal awareness and legal culture in society, the political situation, the social structure of society, economic aspects, lawmaking, law and order, and many others. According to the author, it is very important that the state belongs to a certain legal family. The author believes that the legal advocate’s status has significant specifics in each country, and it is possible to better understand the goals and objectives of the Institute of advocacy and predict its development, including on the basis of research on the systems of advocacy in foreign countries. The article is attempt to conside a question about further improvement of the Institute of an advocate’s status in the present legal system of the Russian Federation taking into account the legislative experience of the Federal Republic of Germany.The author explores such aspects as: getting education by representatives of legal professions, admission to the profession of advocate; rights, duties and responsibilities of advocate, restrictions and prohibitions in the activity of advocate; ethical requirements for the practice of law, and trends in the development of the legal profession. Special attention is paid to identifying a progressive legislative approach. By the author formulated a number of proposals to improve legislation on the advocate’s status in Russian Federation.
Intervensi O. bacilicum terhadap Kandungan Protein dan Karakteristik Sensorik S. platensis
Authors: Yuliani  , Winarni Agustini Tri , Nurcahya Dewi Eko
Published: January 2021

Spirulina platensis merupakan mikroalga hijau biru yang memiliki kandungan protein tinggi, sehingga sering dimanfaatkan sebagai pangan fungsional. Penerapan Spirulina platensis sebagai pangan fungsional sering mengalami kendala karena kandungan senyawa volatile penyebab aroma kurang sedap pada mikroalaga ini. Intervensi O. bacillicum pada S. platensis dapat mengurangi aroma kurang sedap yang ditimbulkan. Mikroenkapsulasi dilakukan untuk menjaga stabilitas nutrisi serta serta menahan aroma saat dikonsumsi.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan pengaruh intervensi O. bacillicum terhadap kandungan protein S. platensis, nilai pH dan tingkat kesukaan pada serbuk dan mikrokapsul S. platensis. Spirulina sebagai sampel kontrol (SP), intervensi O. bacillicum yang dikeringakan (DSB), dan yang dilakukan mikroenkapsulasi (MSB).  Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa intervensi O. bacillicum pada S. platensis serta dilakukan mikroenkapsulasi berpengaruh (P < 0,05) terhadap kadar protein, nilai pH dan uji hedonik. meningkatkan nilai pH, menurunkan kadar protein 19,87% pada sampel DSB dan menurun drastis pada sampel MSB. Asam amino mengalami penurunan kecuali asam aspartat dan arginin. Semakin tinggi nilai pH dari perlakuan intervensi tersebut semakin rendah kadar proteinnya. Intervensi O. bacillicum dapat meningkatkan skala hedonik pada S. platensis. Sampel DSB memberikan nilai terbaik pada aroma, sedangkan sampel MSB memberikan nilai terbaik pada warna yang dihasilkan. Oleh karena itu intervensi O. bacillicum pada S. platensis menjadi solusi dalam mengurangi aroma tidak sedap pada S. platensis.
Fraksinasi Peptida dari Hidrolisat Protein Ikan Selar (Selaroides leptolepis)
Authors: Putalan Reinal , Nurhayati Tati , Chasanah Ekowati
Published: January 2021

Ikan selar (Selaroides leptolepis) merupakan ikan dengan sebaran yang cukup luas dengan produksi yang melimpah serta memiliki kandungan gizi protein yang tinggi. Peptida yang berasal dari hidrolisat protein ikan mempunyai manfaat yang besar untuk pengembangan produk pangan fungsional. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan fraksi yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan inhibitor ACE dari hidrolisat protein ikan selar. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara melakukan fraksinasi peptida menggunakan kolom kromatografi, lalu dikarakterisasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksinasi dengan kolom kromatografi filtrasi gel mendapatkan 2 fraksi, yaitu fraksi A dan B dengan IC50 berturut-turut 4.737,95 ppm dan 529,42 ppm, serta memiliki aktivitas inhibitor ACE sebesar 90,65% dan 96.61%. Peptida fraksi B lebih potensial sebagai antioksidan dan inhibitor ACE.
Near-Field Strong Ground Motions from GPS-Derived Velocities for 2020 Intermountain Western United States Earthquakes
Authors: Crowell Brendan W.
Published: January 2021

In early 2020, four moderate sized earthquakes occurred in the Intermountain region of the western United States, two M 6.5 events in Challis, Idaho, and Monte Cristo Range, Nevada; an M 5.7 in Magna, Utah, within the Salt Lake City metropolitan area; and an M 5.8 in the Owens Valley of California. Although the Magna and Owens Valley earthquakes were well recorded in the near field with an array of seismic instrumentation, the Challis and Monte Cristo events were not densely recorded. All of the events, however, have reasonable coverage with high rate Global Positioning System (GPS) stations in the near field. Here, I report on strong-motion observations recorded at 19 regional GPS stations at 5 Hz. I compare these observations with seismic recordings where available and ShakeMap estimations of peak ground velocity to find good agreement with a natural-log residual of ±0.5. Furthermore, I compute the correlation between collocated stations and show a strong positive correlation >0.65. This study highlights the utility of high-rate GPS velocity observations to strong-motion seismology.
Wherefore art thou, chaperone?
Authors: Sumathipala Sanjeewa
Published: January 2021

Respect for the dignity of a patient and their privacy are fundamental concerns for all doctors. When an intimate examination is to be undertaken, that respect needs to be especially maintained. The offer of an appropriate chaperone during that examination can help to demonstrate that respect and can safeguard interests of the patient and the doctor.
A prospective study comparing prophylactic division versus preservation of the ilioinguinal nerve in open Lichtenstein inguinal hernioplasty
Authors: El-Sherpiny Waleed Yusif , Elmahdy Tamer M. , Barakat Hosam Barakat
Published: January 2021

Background: Inguinal hernia is one of the most common surgeries done all over the world. Chronic groin pain is one of the most annoying problems after mesh hernioplasty. This study aimed at evaluating the incidence of chronic groin pain and numbness occurring after prophylactic ilioinguinal neurectomy, as compared to its preservation during Lichtenstein’s inguinal hernioplasty. Methods: This prospective randomized study involved 90 patients complaining of inguinal hernias admitted to the department of general surgery, Tanta university hospitals during the study period. Our patients were divided randomly in two equal groups. (Group A) patients were subjected to Lichtenstein hernia repair with ilioinguinal neurectomy while (group B) patients were subjected to Lichtenstein hernia repair with nerve preservation. Post-operatively the incidence of groin pain and numbness were assessed in all patients. The pain was evaluated using a visual analogue scale. Whereas numbness was examined by the monofilament test and evaluated in comparison to the opposite side.Results: In the present study, the incidence of pain was higher in nerve preservation study group whereas, numbness was not a major complication after prophylactic ilioinguinal nerve division and did not add to patient morbidity.Conclusions: Prophylactic ilioinguinal nerve division could be an appropriate and beneficial solution for chronic groin pain after the Lichtenstein procedure and may be added as a surgical step during the classic procedures for hernia repair. Also, numbness was not a major complication after the prophylactic division of the ilioinguinal nerve and did not add to the patient morbidity.
Translation of revised WHO international league against rheumatism community oriented program for the control of rheumatic diseases core English questionnaire into Bengali and its cross-cultural adaptation and validation
Authors: Islam M. Ariful , Islam M. Nazrul , Haq Syed Atiqul , Choudhury Minhaj Rahim , Sultana Sharmin
Published: January 2021

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International League Against Rheumatism (ILAR) initiated the Community-Oriented Program for the Control of Rheumatic Diseases (COPCORD) project in 1981. The aim of this study was to translate the revised WHO-ILAR COPCORD questionnaire into Bengali and to test if the Bengali version could be reliably used for the identifying rheumatic diseases in Bangladeshi people.Methods: This was an observational study conducted in rheumatology wing, department of medicine, BSMMU from April to October, 2011. It was implemented in two stages: Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of questionnaire and testing of questionnaire. For translation into Bengali and cross-cultural adaptation, the recommendation by Beaton’s procedure was followed. Respondents were enrolled from rheumatology outpatient departments of medicine, BSMMU, household members and healthy patient’s attendants. Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS windows v16.Results: Thirty subjects completed the preliminary version of the questionnaire. Fifteen males (50%) and fifteen (50%) females were interviewed. Mean age of the respondents were 31.97±10.15 with age range 16-55 years. Test-retest reliability of the Bengali version of the questionnaire was tested by interviewing 70 subjects. To evaluate agreement between two measurement qualitative questions were analyzed using kappa test and quantitative question were tested by spearman’s correlation. Most of the questions (88.2%) showed high or good agreement (kappa agreement >0.6) and one (5.88%) question showed moderate agreement (0.4-0.6). In case of quantitative questions responses in test and re-test were found to have 50% good correlation and remainder poor correlation in Spearman’s correlation.Conclusions: Pretest and reliability has shown the questionnaire clear in wording and culturally appropriate. Process of translation and adaptation using Beaton’s procedure was user friendly, comprehensive and appears an essential method for translation of the questionnaire.
Prevalence of nomophobia and its impact among medical students at an institution in Andhra Pradesh during COVID: an online study
Authors: Rajyalakshmi Sai Venkata , Singamsetty Bhaskar
Published: January 2021

Background: Nomophobia the fear of being out of mobile phone contact, which refers to the discomfort, anxiety, stress, nervousness and anguish caused by being out of mobile phone connect.  Aim of the to focus on impact of COVID lockdown on students’ developmental lifestyles and to assess the student’s prediction towards development of nomophobia. The current study also aims to compare addictive internet/smartphone related behaviours, time spent on internet usage other than education and impact on sleep quality, academic performance before and during the coronavirus pandemic.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Narayana medical college for a period of 4 months from May 2020 to August 2020. A predesigned, validated questionnaire was developed (google survey form) and answers were collected from 600 students and interns in total by sending the questionnaire by email to all the participants. The responses were analyzed by SPSS, version 22.0. Test results with p value less than 0.05 only were considered statistically significant.Results: In our study, prevalence of nomophobia was more in females (58.96%) than males (42.06%). Gaming was the most common cause of mobile phone usage (79.67%). Poor sleep quality and mobile phone dependence were highest in interns (85.33% and 68%). Variables tested in relation with academic performance were having statistically significant association with nomophobe score of 24.Conclusions: Publicizing the negative consequences, creating awareness and health education during admission to medical graduates will definitely provide a ray of hope of opt utilization of mobile phone and decrease the chances of mobile addiction.
Hailey Hailey-a blooming disease
Authors: Sadasivam Ilakkia P. , Jagadeeshkumar Govardhan , Paquirissamy Oudeacoumar , Dileep Jude E. , Takharya Rajkiran , D'souza Lisa J.
Published: January 2021

Hailey Hailey disease (HHD) is a rare genetic disorder which is more common in summers. It involves intertriginous areas of the body. Axilla, abdomen, back, nape of neck are the common sites involved. We hereby present three patients of HHD from same geographical area with no blood relation. Two of them had other family members also involved with the similar complaints. One of the patients is 50 years of age. Diagnosis was done both by clinical and histopathological examination. It showed epidermis with intraepidermal bulla and acantholytic keratinocytes giving dilapidated brick wall appearance. Treatment mainly used was topical steroids &antihistamines and patients responded well.
Classification of Social Media Text Spam Using VAE-CNN and LSTM Model
Authors: Metlapalli Ayyappa Chakravarthi , Muthusamy Thillaikarasi , Battula Bhanu Prakash
Published: January 2021

Presently a day's human relations are kept up by online life systems. Customary connections now days are outdated. To keep up in affiliation, sharing thoughts, trade information between we utilize web-based social networking organizing locales. Web based life organizing locales like Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and so forth are accessible in the correspondence condition. Through Twitter media clients share their sentiments, interests, information to others by messages. Simultaneously a portion of the client's mislead the certifiable clients. These certified clients are additionally called requested clients and the clients what misguidance's identity is called spammers. These spammers present undesirable data on the non-spam clients. The non-spammers may retweet them to other people and they follow the spammers. Generally most of the spam messages are in the form of text, images and different multimedia formats. Considering all different formats in one process may not give the best classification results. In this paper address the process and classification of text spam messages. Classification of text messages is a complex task in order to achieve this deep learning based hybrid VAE-CNN and LSTM model is proposed and evaluated the model using the performance metrics of precision, recall and F measure metrics.
Process and Unit for Recycling of Formaldehyde-Containing Solid Wastes by Pyrolysis
Authors: Rasstegaev A.N. , Gonopolsky A.M. , Tarantsev K.V. , Golubovsky V.V. , Tarantseva K.R.
Published: January 2021

The unit for recycling formaldehyde containing solid waste by the method of medium-temperature dry pyrolysis with multistage pyrolysis gas purification system was proposed. Purification is carried out first in a catalyst cartridge, then in a dry cyclone, then in a scrubber, and at the final stage in a cold plasma unit. There original designs of chamber of thermal decomposition of wastes with variable, depending on loading, volume and with pre-heating chamber were proposed. On the example of recycling of waste of wood-chip boards, it is shown that the degree of waste processing in it is 98.1%, while the mass concentration of harmful substances in the air of the working zone does not exceed the MPC of the working zone and MPC of settlements. It was established that the proposed technical solutions not only make the process safer, but also improve it from the point of view of energy and resource saving.
Comparative Evaluation of the Stability of the Brown Forest Soils of Crimea and the Caucasus to Pollution with Heavy Metals
Authors: Kolesnikov S.I. , Moshchenko D.I. , Kuzina A.A. , Ter-Misakyants T.A. , Nevedomyaya E.N. , Vernigorova N.A. , Kazeev K.Sh.
Published: January 2021

This article assesses the resistance of brown forest soils of the Republic of Crimea, the Western and Central Caucasus to pollution by lead, chromium, nickel, and copper, and develops regional maximum permissible concentrations of these heavy metals. Soil contamination was modeled under laboratory conditions. Heavy metals were added in the form of oxides. Soil stability assessment was carried out by biological indicators. The brown forest soil of the Republic of Crimea proved to be the most resistant to pollution. The higher stability of the brown forest soils of the Western Caucasus relative to similar soils of the Central Caucasus, apparently, is determined by the higher content of organic matter in them, despite their lower acidity. Heavy metals formed the following series in terms of ecotoxicity for brown forest soils: Cr> Cu ≥ Ni ≥ Pb. The values of regional maximum permissible concentrations of lead, chromium, nickel and copper in the brown forest soils of the Crimea, Central and Western Caucasus are proposed.
Mathematical modeling of lactation curves of dairy animals
Authors: Mikailsoy Fariz
Published: January 2021

An overview of mathematical models on cattle lactation is herein provided. A technique for constructing lactation curves using logical assumption and Verhulst’s logistic function for predicting the cows’ milk production is described. A new modeling lactation method that is based on solving the equation that describes the rate of change of milk production, depending on time elapsed since calving is presented. The statistical parameters of the adequacy of the models recommended in the literature for describing the lactation curve of cows and our proposed models were calculated Approximation accuracy allows for the identification of models that most reliably describe the lactation curve in the example of cattle.
O przewodności cieplnej meteorytu Jezersko
Authors:   Centrum Nauczania Matematyki i Fizyki Politechniki Łódzkiej, Szurgot Marian A.
Published: January 2021

The thermal conductivity (K) of Jezersko H4 meteorite was predicted by various models of rocks, using literature data on the chemical composition, porosity (P), and by relationships between thermal conductivity and porosity, and between thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity (D). The results confirm that the porosity of the chondrite and air pressure significantly affect thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity of the chondrite skeleton/matrix predicted by the modal composition of the meteorite and by the geometric mean model is equal to 4.35 W m−1 K−1, and by arithmetic and harmonic mean models: 4.9 W m−1 K−1at 300 K. Bulk thermal conductivity of the meteorite predicted by the geometric mean model is equal to 2.6 W m-1 K-1 for air pressure of 1 atm, and 1.0 W m−1 K−1in vacuum at 300 K. The Hashin–Shtrikman model predicts the values: 2.4 and 1.9 W m−1 K−1, the Clausius–Mossotti model: 2.2 and 1.9 W m-1 K-1, and the mean of two-layer models: 2.1 and 2.0 W m−1 K−1 at 300 K, for air pressure of 1 atm, and in vacuum, respectively. The relationships between thermal conductivity and porosity based on experimental data for ordinary chondrites indicate a mean K value for bulk thermal conductivity of the Jezersko meteorite in vacuum: 1.18 W m−1 K−1, and between thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity the mean value: 1.12 W m−1 K−1at 200–300 K. The mean value for all predictions for bulk thermal conductivity of the meteorite for air at 1 atm is equal to 2.45 ± 0.30 W m−1 K−1 (range: 2.0–2.9 W m−1 K−1) at 300 K, and in vacuum: 1.40 ± 0.40 W m−1 K−1 (range: 0.95–2.0 W m−1 K−1) at 200–300 K. Predicted values of bulk thermal conductivity of the Jezersko meteorite, for air and in vacuum, are in the range of values recently reported by Soini et al. (2020) for the H4 group of chondrites: 2.8 ± 0.6 W m−1 K−1, mean K for air at 1 atm, and 1.9 ± 1.0 W m−1 K−1 mean K value in vacuum at 200–300 K.
Porównanie wyników metod pomiaru skuteczności usuwania osadu płuczkowego
Authors:   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Kremieniewski Marcin
Published: January 2021

The proper cleaning of the annular space before cementing is one of the most important factors affecting the proper sealing of the casing column. Inadequate or incomplete removal of the mud cake or residues of the mud may result in the formation of uncontrolled gas outflows (migration or exhalation) at the contact of the cement sheath with the rock formation and with the surface of run-down casing. It is related to the lack of compatibility in the contact of the mud and the cement. Additionally, the lack of proper cleaning of the annular space will reduce the adhesion value of the cement sheath to the contact surface. The result of the above may be the lack of adequate stabilization of the column of pipes due to its weakened connection in the lower part with the wall, and in the upper part with the previous column of larger diameter pipes. Therefore, to improve both the tightness of the borehole as well as the quality of the cementation condition, laboratory tests of the efficiency of cleaning the annular space are carried out by measuring the efficiency of washing mud removal. So far, measuring the efficiency of mud removal or the effect of washing utilization have been done using a rotary viscometer. During the test, a mud cake is produced on the rotor surface and then removed with washing liquid. Recently, the Oil and Gas Institute – National Research Institute developed a new method for measuring the efficiency of drilling mud removal by using a newly developed drilling fluid flow simulator (Patent P.423842). The device enables the simulation of the drilling fluid flow (drilling fluid, washing fluid, spacer) in the simulated annular space. It is possible to select the parameters of the flow (delivery rate) and the contact time of the liquid with the tested surface. Due to the different measurement principles during the tests with the viscometer and the simulator, it was decided to conduct a comparison and determine the degree of convergence of the discussed methods. The same rinsing liquids were tested to remove the same type of mud, but using different measurement methods. The obtained values of mud removal efficiency were subjected to the correlation analysis, which made it possible to compare the results of the analyzed measurement methods.
Legal aspects of health implications caused by environmental distress
Authors: Knez Rajko
Published: January 2021

The article tries to explore legal consequences in cases where the environmental distress causes health implications for individuals. The author begins with the observations from two different angles, that is ex ante and ex post actions. Both approaches differ substantively, since the ex ante approach is applied by state authorities (command-and-control approach, de iure imperii acts), while the ex post approach is by a general rule initiated by individuals against polluters/state. Both approaches are discussed considering the application of EU rules and beyond (ECHR, Aarhus convention). The main emphasis is given to one of the biggest problems, that is the issue of causality, which discourages many plaintiffs from claiming damages. For the so-called post–industrial risks the conventional rules of causality do not suffice, which is why certain courts proposed that changes in this respect are necessary. In addition, the role of NGOs is emphasised, since the NGO can, especially in the ex ante approach, achieve better effects, especially when locus standi is assured.
Finansowanie sportu przez jednostki samorządu terytorialnego w Polsce – studium przypadku gminy miejskiej Skierniewice
Authors: Kowalczyk Kacper
Published: January 2021

Artykuł zawiera informacje dotyczące pojęcia sportu i kultury fizycznej oraz ich finansowania przez jednostki samorządu terytorialnego. Sport jest współcześnie zjawiskiem wszechobecnym. Dla niektórych ludzi stanowi sposób spędzania wolnego czasu, relaksu, dbania o zdrowie, natomiast dla innych jest źródłem utrzymania. Zapewnienie odpowiednich warunków jego uprawiania stanowi ważny aspekt działalności władz centralnych oraz lokalnych. Niezbędne dla zapewnienia odpowiedniej infrastruktury sportowej jest dbanie o jej rozwój i zapewnienie odpowiednich uwarunkowań prawno-finansowych już na najniższych szczeblach struktury organów publicznych. Jednostki samorządowe stają przed problemem pozyskania środków na finansowanie sportu i ich odpowiedniego rozdysponowania. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wydatków budżetu Gminy Miejskiej Skierniewice na sport i kulturę fizyczną, a także ocena na jej przykładzie sposobu dystrybucji środków finansowych przez jednostki samorządu terytorialnego.
Olfactory and Taste Dysfunction in Patients with Asymptomatic and Mildly Symptomatic COVID-19 in Korea
Authors: Won Jun Yeon , Heo Yoon , Kim Tae Suk , Kim Choong-Hyo , Lee Woo Hyun
Published: January 2021

Background and Objectives: The association between chemosensory dysfunction (CSD) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to determine the incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunction in asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic patients with COVID-19 and to evaluate the symptoms associated with CSD in patients with COVID-19.Materials and Method: On March 9, 2020, 309 patients with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic COVID-19 confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were admitted to the No. 7 Community Treatment Center in Korea. An internet-based survey about symptomatology was administered to these patients, with responses obtained from 244 (79.0%). Subjects who completed the survey were enrolled in this study and were categorized into either a CSD group or a normal chemosensory group based on the presence or absence of CSD, respectively.Results: General symptoms, including fever, myalgia, and chills, were most common (29.1%), followed by upper respiratory tract infection (URI) symptoms (20.9%), CSD (20.5%), and nasal symptoms (13.5%). In patients with CSD (n=50), 10 (4.1%) reported no other symptoms. After adjustment for age, sex, past medical history, and other symptoms, general symptoms [odds ratio (OR), 3.63; confidence interval (CI), 1.70-7.76] and nasal symptoms (OR, 7.00; CI, 2.61-18.80) were significantly associated with CSD.Conclusion: The incidence of CSD was relatively high (20.5%) in asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic patients with COVID-19. General symptoms were independent risk factors of CSD, suggesting a sensorineural mechanism for the observed olfactory and taste dysfunction.
Resection of Ewing Sarcoma in the Paranasal Sinus Via the Endoscopic Modified Lothrop (Draf III) Approach
Authors: Han Hye Min , Kim Young-Chan , Lee Ki Jeong , Kim Tae Hoon
Published: January 2021

Ewing sarcoma is a rare type of bone tumor that typically occurs in the head and neck regions. Appropriate management strategies remain controversial. Herein, we report a case of Ewing sarcoma originating from the ethmoid sinus in a 38-year-old woman. The patient initially presented with unilateral nasal obstruction. Pathologic examination revealed a tumor composed of small round blue cells under hematoxylin and eosin staining with positive expressions for CD-99, CK, and FLI-1. The patient was successfully treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by complete surgical excision via the endoscopic modified Lothrop (Draf III) approach, adjuvant chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. There was no recurrence or complication up to the writing of this article. This study presents an appropriate management strategy for an extensive case of Ewing sarcoma invading the frontal sinus using an endoscopic approach.
Joseph Campbell’s functions of myth in Galway Kinnell’s The book of nightmares
Authors: Quirós García Elizabeth
Published: January 2021

This research paper analyzes the functions of myth in Galway Kinnell’s The book of nightmares mainly utilizing the scholarly contributions of Carl Jung and Joseph Campbell. In this analysis, the quester learns about the different functions of myth in the development of individuals as well as their need to complete cycles in life that will allow them to grow emotionally and psychologically. Kinnell’s use of imagery and unpretentious motifs of everyday living are enthralling; the “dead shoes, in the new light” allow readers to lose their way to find out who they are and what they want. XXI-century Western society has rendered the rites of passage it had previously upheld primitive. In a post-globalized era and a civilization that tends to favor capitalism and consumerism, although individuals encounter rites of passage and myth on a daily basis, they may be perceived as primeval and senseless. The book of nightmares discloses rites, rites of passage, and myths for the reader to discover opportunities of learning to mature in the world
El tema del pasaporte: una lectura comparada entre El asco: Thomas Bernhard en San Salvador de Horacio Castellanos y El regreso de Hernán Jiménez
Authors: Longan Phillips Shirley
Published: January 2021

Por razones familiares, dos hombres deben regresar a sus países de origen después de mucho tiempo de estar fuera. Cada uno de ellos, se reintegra a su familia, pero se sienten lejanos y extranjeros no solo en su tierra, sino en su entorno familiar. Ambos poseen un amigo con quien conversan y a quien le muestran su descontento, su inconformidad y su deseo de volver a irse, ojalá para no regresar nunca más. Sin embargo, ambos sufren el infortunio de perder el pasaporte, ese documento que los hace sentirse inmunes en el lugar de origen y su pase para irse lo más lejos y rápido posible. Este artículo es una lectura comparada de los personajes principales de la novela El asco: Thomas Bernhard en San Salvador de Horacio Castellanos (1997) y la película El regreso de Hernán Jiménez (2011). El objetivo consiste en comparar a Vega en el texto de Castellanos y Antonio en el filme de Jiménez.
Tensiones y desafíos en la evaluación del impacto de las políticas de emprendimiento
Authors: Kantis Hugo , Federico Juan , Girandola María Salome
Published: January 2021

Las políticas de apoyo al emprendimiento están ganado espacio en las agendas de la mayoría de los países del mundo. En este marco, es cada vez más necesario disponer de evidencias que permitan valorar la contribución efectiva de estas políticas y conocer cuáles funcionan y cuáles no. Esta necesidad llevó a una creciente difusión de las evaluaciones de impacto, principalmente a partir de la utilización de herramientas econométricas. Sin embargo, las características propias del fenómeno del emprendimiento desafían y ponen en tensión varios de los supuestos subyacentes a este tipo de evaluaciones. En este trabajo se propone identificar y discutir cuáles son estos desafíos y tensiones, y a partir de estas reflexiones propone un marco integrador de un sistema de evaluación y aprendizaje que combine diferentes metodologías y miradas sobre la política y su implementación. y que permita abrir "la caja negra" del emprendimiento y de las intervenciones.
Sphenoid Wall Dehiscence: A Preventable Cause of Iatrogenic Internal Carotid Artery Rupture
Authors: Punia Prashant
Published: January 2021

Minimally Invasive approaches to pituitary tumor have become gold standard not just for pituitary surgery but also for pathologies of ventral skull base [1]. It is due to the fantastic view it offers and the ease of doing surgery. The same, however, are not without complications and rupture of Internal Carotid Artery (ICA) is potentially the most catastrophic and thus, most feared [2].
Del dominio de los fundamentos de la comedia de buenas costumbres a la práctica exitosa: Contigo pan y cebolla (1833) de Manuel Eduardo de Gorostiza
Authors:   Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Spain, Cantero García Víctor
Published: January 2021

Until now, eighteenth-century Spanish theater scholars and critics have considered Manuel Eduardo de Gorostiza (1789-1857) a minor playwright. In the present collaboration we intend to demonstrate that such an assertion does not conform to the truth. Through a contrastive study between El señorito mimado (1787) by Tomás de Iriarte and Contigo pan y cebolla (1833) by Gorostiza, we mean to show that the latter one became a renowned author of comedies of good manners on his own merits and not for being a mere follower of the guidelines of the neoclassical comedy established by Nicolás Fernandez de Moratín and consolidated by Tomás de Iriarte. In essence, the contents and arguments set forth in this article are clear evidence that Gorostiza conceived comedies that achieved a public and critical acclaim and made him worthy of occupying a relevant position both among the enlightened liberals of Hispanic origin as well as among the authors of comedies of good manners.
José Emilio Pacheco: lector y antólogo del modernismo
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, Argentina, Pascual Battista Rosario
Published: January 2021

José Emilio Pacheco (1939-2014) devoted part of his essay production to reconstruct the past of letters and, in particular, was interested in the Modernist movement. From two anthological texts: Anthology of Modernism [1884-1921] (1970) and Modernist Poetry. A General Anthology (1982), and a selection of journalistic notes that he published in the Mexican magazine Proceso, Pacheco aimed at broadening the spectrum of Modernist figures and avoiding to keep to a single figure, such as that of the Nicaraguan Rubén Darío. This article reconstructs the dialogues and reciprocities that José Emilio Pacheco traces with the literary tradition of Modernism and that are sustained, on the one hand, in connections between poets, as it is the case of Manuel Gutiérrez Nájera and José Martí and, on the other hand, in the recovering of poets less well-known by literary criticism, such as Salvador Díaz Mirón.
Emploi clinique d'adhésifs tissulaires pour la fermeture des plaies de la mamelle chez les brebis et les chèvres en lactation
Authors: Bolbol A.E. , Al Gasnawy Y.A.
Published: January 2021

Vingt-sept plaies de la mamelle chez des brebis et des chèvres en lactation ont été traitées puis refermées avec un adhésif tissulaire de synthèse. Vingt-quatre ont cicatrisé par première intention (89 %) et 2 à la fois par première et par seconde intentions partielles. Enfin, on a déploré un échec avec formation d'une fistule. D'une manière générale, la fermeture des plaies cutanées sans suture, grâce à cet adhésif tissulaire, s'est révélée un procédé satisfaisant et efficace chez les petits ruminants.
Absence de protection croisée entre Cowdria ruminantium et Ehrlichia phagocytophila
Authors: Jongejan Frans , Wassink L.A.
Published: January 2021

Des souches de Cowdria ruminantium isolées au Sénégal et en Afrique du Sud et qui se distinguent antigéniquement, ont été comparées dans des essais d'immunité croisée chez des chèvres avec une souche d'Ehrlichia phagocytophila d'origine néerlandaise. On a montré une absence complète d'immunité croisée entre E. phagocytophila et C. ruminantium bien que, précédemment, une certaine présence de déterminants antigéniques communs ait été observée.
Epidémiologie de la babésiose bovine dans le Sud-Ouest de l'Angola
Authors: Gomes A.F. , Kageruka P. , Brandt J.
Published: January 2021

Une enquête épidémiologique sur la babésiose bovine a été effectuée dans le sud-ouest de l'Angola. La technique de l'hématocrite utilisée comme méthode de concentration détecte nettement plus de cas que le frottis de sang classique. Seul B. bigemina est l'agent étiologique identifié et B. decoloratus l'unique tique du genre Boophilus présente dans toutes les localités où l'enquête a été menée. La sérologie par l'immunofluorescence indirecte est une meilleure approche pour évaluer les situations endémiques. Les taux d'inoculation enregistrés montrent que la majorité des troupeaux et fermes échantillonnés sont dans une situation de stabilité endémique. La maladie ne pose aucun problème dans le secteur traditionnel. Elle est responsable de morbidité et de mortalité dans les entreprises agraires où la lutte contre les vecteurs est inadéquatement appliquée.
Activité thérapeutique et prophylactique de la combinaison BerenilR et DL-alpha-difluorométhylornithine (DFMOR) contre l’infection à Trypanosoma brucei brucei chez la souris
Authors: Onyeyili P.A. , Egwu G.O. , Zaria L.T. , Orjiude B.A.
Published: January 2021

Les auteurs ont étudié l'activité théapeutique et prophylactique de l'association DL-alpha-difluorométhylornithine (à la dose de 2 % dans l'eau de boisson) et BerenilR (à 7 mg par kg de poids vif par voie intrapéritonéale) sur des souris infectées par Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Utilisant un modèle sur souris précedemment décrit, de la trypanosomose africaine du système nerveux central, ils ont démontré l'effet curatif de cette association et son action synergétique. Cependant, à titre prophylactique, il n'en résulte aucun avantage par rapport au BerenilR employé seul.
Influence de Trypanosoma congolense sur la fonction sexuelle de taurins Baoulé
Authors: Boly Hamidou , Thombiano D. , Humblot Patrice , Thibier M.
Published: January 2021

Une infection expérimentale de cinq jeunes taurins Baoulé réputés trypanorésistants avec 10 puissance 4 Trypanosoma congolense a permis de mettre en évidence l'action de ces trypanosomes sur les composantes comportementale, spermiologique et hormonologique de la fonction sexuelle. La récolte du sperme au vagin artificiel montre que le temps de réaction des animaux face au boute en train est double dès la 2e semaine après infection. Les paramètres spermatiques dits quantitatifs subissent à partir de la 6e semaine des réductions de 47 et 49 % pour le volume et la concentration en spermatozoïdes, respectivement. Les paramètres dits qualitatifs sont affectés à la 10e semaine par des réductions de 44 et 87 % pour la motilité et pour le pourcentage des spermatozoïdes vivants respectivement, et une augmentation de 33 % des spermatozoïdes anormaux. Ces altérations sont associées à une diminution des concentrations de LH et de testostérone. Cependant, une sécrétion pulsatile résiduelle est observée. Ceci peut expliquer la restauration des différentes fonctions dans les 13 à 15 semaines après l'infection, ou 5 à 6 semaines après la disparition des parasites du courant circulatoire. Cette expérience montre une altération de la fonction sexuelle avec cependant une possibilité de récupération survenant 3 à 4 mois après l'infection.
La maîtrise des cycles sexuels chez les bovins en Tunisie : application des traitements combinés à base de progestérone-PMSG et progestogène-PMSG
Authors: Slimane N. , Ouali F. , Chetoui C. , Gtari S. , Mallek Z. , Thibier M.
Published: January 2021

Le but de ce travail est de préciser l'espérance de fertilité après insémination artificielle systématique, et traitement de maîtrise des cycles. L'étude a été réalisée dans trois régions de Tunisie sur 1249 femelles locales, de races Holstein et Frisonne Pie-noire (n = 554). Ces animaux ont été traités par spirales vaginales + PMSG (700-1000 UI, groupe I et II) et par des implants sous-cutanés + PMSG (500 UI, groupe III). Les femelles synchronisées ont été inséminées systématiquement 48 et 72 h après le retrait des dispositifs. Le "taux de fertilité apparent global" chez les femelles contrôlées (n = 1042) par palpation trans-rectale, 90 jours après l'oestrus induit, est de 54,7 %. Ni le type de traitement, ni l'état physiologique sexuel des femelles, n'influence les résultats enregistrés (P > 0,05). En revanche, une différence hautement significative (P < 0,01) est notée entre génotypes. Sur 132 vaches du groupe I, présumées gestantes par diagnostic précoce de non-gestation par dosage qualitatif de la progestérone dans le lait, 72 se sont confirmées gestantes (54,5 %) par une palpation trans-rectale 90 jours après les inséminations artificielles. Le "taux de fertilité cumulé" (1e et 2e inséminations artificielles) était de 71,6 %. Ces taux de fertilité globaux élevés autorisent désormais le recours à ces techniques.
Note sur l'apiculture et les abeilles africanisées en Guyane française
Authors: Canova M. , Gaucher Bernard
Published: January 2021

L'apiculture est presque inexistante en Guyane française. Afin d'étudier les possibilités de développer cette activité, le comportement de l'abeille africanisée, les sources de pollen et de nectar et les niveaux de production ont été décrits en comparant trois milieux naturels différents : la mangrove, la savane et la forêt.
Involution utérine et reprise de cyclicité post-partum chez les femelles bovines trypanotolérantes Ndama et Baoulé
Authors: Djabakou K. , Grundler G. , Lare K.
Published: January 2021

Trente vaches Ndama et 30 Baoulé ont été entretenues sur pâturage de Panicum maximum au Centre de Recherche et d'Elevage d'Avétonou, Togo (CREAT). Les vêlages se sont répartis sur deux saisons : 17 femelles Ndama et 15 Baoulé ont mis bas pendant la saison sèche (décembre-janvier); 13 femelles Ndama et 15 femelles au début de la saison des pluies (février-mars). Les femelles qui ont vêlé pendant la saison sèche ont perdu environ 10% de leur poids le 30e jour post-partum, celles qui ont vêlé au début de la saison des pluies environ 2 % seulement. La durée de l'involution utérine n'est pas influencée par la saison de vêlage (P > 0,05). L'influence de l'âge sur l'involution utérine est significative (P < 0,05), elle est plus rapide chez les jeunes de 4-5 ans. 50 % des femelles Baoulé et Ndama sont cyclées, respectivement, le 49e jour et le 44e jour, en se basant sur la composante comportementale, alors que les deux races sont cyclées le 60e jour selon le critère de morphologie ovarienne. L'élévation de la progestéronémie montre que 50 % des Ndama et 50 % des Baoulé ont retrouvé leur cyclicité le 34e et le 40e jour post-partum, respectivement. L'évolution pondérale semble être à l'origine de la variation du délai de reprise de cyclicité après le part.
Régénération des plaines à Panicum laetum dans le Gourma malien
Authors: Aune J.B.
Published: January 2021

Panicum laetum (fonio sauvage) est une graminée annuelle dont les semences sont utilisées comme aliment. Après les années de sécheresse récentes dans le Gourma, au Mali, beaucoup de plaines se sont dégradées. Le but principal de cette étude a été de trouver une méthode pour régénérer les plaines à Panicum laetum. Les résultats font apparaître que, sur les plaines dégradées, il reste peu de semences. Les essais sur le terrain ont montré que, techniquement, il est possible de régénérer les plaines à fonio sauvage. La méthode qui a donné le meilleur résultat est celle du semis suivi d'un travail à la houe. Cependant, un travail à la houe seul peut aussi faciliter la régénération. Le travail du sol améliore la levée et augmente la croissance des plantes. Le semis en poquets n'a pas donné de résultats satisfaisants. Bien que la méthode "semis et travail du sol à sec" soit exigeante en main-d'oeuvre, la productivité de 2,0 kg de grains par heure de travail indique que la méthode peut être opérationnelle à grande échelle.
Carcinome à cellules squameuses chez des moutons d’Arabie Saoudite
Authors: Ramadan R.O. , Gameel A.A. , El Hassan A.M.
Published: January 2021

Un carcinome à cellules squameuses a été décelé chez 22 moutons Nadji et 3 Maeimi, dont 22 femelles, âgés de 3 à 6 ans. Seize de ces tumeurs concernaient l'oeil, sept ont été trouvées dans la peau, en différents endroits du corps, une dans l'oreille et la dernière dans le rectum. Dans cinq cas, des métastases ont été vues dans les ganglions lymphatiques, les fosses nasales et la lèvre supérieure. Une intervention chirurgicale aux premiers stades du développement de la tumeur a été un succès mais, dans les cas les plus avancés, des récidives ont été notées. Histologiquement, les tumeurs étaient représentatives de ce type de cancer et beaucoup d'entre elles étaient bien différenciées. Les rayons solaires sont un des facteurs étiologiques possibles
Pathogénèse de l’infection à Aspergillus fumigatus sur une race locale de pigeon au Soudan
Authors: ElMubarak A.K. , Fadlelmula A.
Published: January 2021

Les auteurs étudient la pathogénèse d'un isolat d'Aspergillus fumigatus sur une race locale de pigeon au Soudan. L'injection intraveineuse de spores a entraîné une affection aiguë avec 100 p. 100 de mortalité dans les six jours suivants. A l'autopsie, des lésions miliaires en pointe d'épingle prédominaient dans le foie, la rate, les poumons et les reins. L'examen histopathologique a révélé des lésions dans le foie, le coeur, les poumons, les reins, la rate et le cerveau. Des hyphes et/ou des spores ont été trouvés dans tous ces organes. La présence d'Aspergillus fumigatus a été confirmée par réisolement à partir des lésions du foie, des poumons et des reins
Note sur quelques enseignements de la lutte contre la peste bovine au Tchad depuis 1935
Authors: Vindrinet Robert
Published: January 2021

La politique de lutte antibovipestique au Tchad a connu différentes phases. Celles-ci se sont développées sur des durées suffisamment importantes pour valider éventuellement certains concepts comme celui de l'utilité de la vaccination périfocale sur des populations non vaccinées antérieurement. Après avoir examiné la fiabilité des données concernant le cheptel, les vaccinations et la pathologie, et rappelé les différents types de vaccins utilisés, on peut conclure que la vaccination périfocale, même accompagnée de la vaccination systématique des jeunes, n'a pas permis de contrôler la peste au Tchad. Seule la vaccination systématique du cheptel en permet le contrôle puis l'éradication. Un tableau résume les opérations de vaccination et les systèmes de suivi utilisés
Hématologie de l’infection expérimentale à Trypanosoma brucei gambiense II. Changements érythrocytaires et leucocytaires
Authors: Emeribe A.O. , Anosa V.O.
Published: January 2021

L'infection chronique à Trypanosoma brucei gambiense chez le lapin engendre une anémie légère initialement macrocytique et normochrome mais qui évolue, ultérieurement, vers une forme microcytique et hypochrome. Une anisocytose moyenne et une poïkilocytose sont apparues dès le 14e jour après l'infection (p.i.). Les cellules rouges à noyau - normales chez le lapin -, que l'on pouvait observer avant l'infection, ont vu leur nombre diminuer au fur et à mesure que la maladie progressait. Ont également été observées : une leucocytose à neutrophiles et éosinophiles, une monocytose et une lymphopénie en phase terminale. Le changement essentiel dans la morphologie des lymphocytes était la présence de lymphocytes atypiques liée à des niveaux accrus de jeunes neutrophiles dans la circulation périphérique. En conclusion, les changements majeurs des lignées érythrocytaire et leucocytaire, lors de l'infection expérimentale à T. b. gambiense chez le lapin, sont ceux d'une anémie légère devenant, en phase terminale, microcytique et hypochrome, et une leucocytose transitoire due à une neutrophilie et à une monocytose
Qualités maternelles des chèvres Créole allaitantes
Authors: Alexandre G.
Published: January 2021

Les chèvres Créole présentent un bon comportement maternel puisque moins de 24 h après la mise bas 90 % des mères refusent tout chevreau étranger. Chez le chevreau, dans % des cas, la recherche de la mamelle a lieu dans les 30 mn et la première tétée dans les 70 mn. L'évolution de la fréquence des tétées jusqu'au sevrage se décompose en deux phases quelle que soit la production laitière de la mère. Les niveaux de la production laitière des chèvres Créole sont sous la dépendance de facteurs propres à l'animal tels que sa parité et sa taille de portée (qui sont présentés) mais varient de façon prépondérante avec les apports d'éléments nutritifs. Le facteur saisonnier a été évalué dans deux conditions d'étude et est discuté en raison de son effet indirect via les quantités d'éléments nutritifs ingérés. Les critères technico-économiques de réussite d'un élevage, des implications pratiques sur le sevrage des jeunes et des discussions sur l'intérêt d'une sélection des chèvres sur leurs qualités maternelles sont présentés.