bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Special Considerations for TDOA Application to the Reconstruction of Traffic Accidents
Authors: Zhang Lei , Qin Wen Hu , He Tie Jun , Li Wei Nong
Published: June 2011

Investigation at scene is the key issue to Scene Traffic Accident Reconstruction(TAR). Although the photogrammetry technique is widely applied in China due to its convenience and lower cost, it can only provide the final state of the traffic accidents. In this paper, a novel method based on the time difference of arrival (TDOA) technique was proposed to monitor the location of the vehicles passing the accident-prone section on the highway. The methodology of application of TDOA to the Traffic accident scene investigation was proposed, and the arrangement of sensors on the accident-prone sections of the selected freeway is discussed. Based on the coordinates collected by TDOA receivers, real-time position of the each vehicle moving on the accident-prone section could be extracted respectively and when the accidents happen, the traces of the vehicles involved would be obtained. It could be concluded that this method is important supplement to photogrammetry technique during accident scene investigation and could make the forensic judgment of accident responsibility more accurate.
The Research of Vibration Influence to Surrounding Environment for Viaduct Railway Traffic
Authors: Wang Peng , Huang Wei Dong
Published: June 2011

To solve the vibration problem caused by viaduct, first we summarize the theory about transmit of vibration systemic, then based on the theory of finite element, simulate and analyze the transmit rules of vibration. Furthermore, we analysis the character of vibration in the architecture which on surrounding environment; Then do a research to the residents who are live around the viaduct. Finally we use all the information to analysis the influence which bring by the railway traffic and give some useful advices.
Research on the Impacts of Zhengzhou Urban Rail Transit to Residential Price
Authors: Zhao Hong Lei , Liu Ji Peng , Sun Yan Fei
Published: June 2011

Urban Rail Transit is an important method of reliving traffic congestion problems of large and medium-sized cities and at the same time brings an increase in real estate price. Based on the relative researches from overseas and China, this paper, taking residential price around the first-stage stations of Zhengzhou Metro Line 1 as the example, by qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, reveals the different impacting regulations of the Zhengzhou Urban Rail Transit to the residential price along the route. Finally, this paper assesses the price increase of the buildings and obtains the quantitative data, which will be helpful reference to persons of Urban Rail Transit and the real estate business.
The Model of Short-Time Traffic Flow Prediction on High-Grade Highway
Authors: Chen Hong , Yuan Yu Wei , Sun Juan , Bao Na
Published: June 2011

In order to study the short-time traffic flow prediction on high-grade highway, the article proposed a model based on wavelet analysis and RBF neural network. Aiming to the traffic flow’s characteristic of highway, the study focus on three facet: network topology, the difference of continuous flow and discontinuous flow , the flow of lanes’ uplink and downlink are not equal. Thus the article use the wavelet analysis to do data preprocessing, then structure the model of short-term traffic flow prediction based on RBF neural network. The experiment result shows that the new hybrid model adapt to high-grade highway, and model considering traffic flow characteristic is better than the model which is not. Meanwhile the model has the higher precision of prediction.
Simulation of the Thermo-Mechanical Behavior and Failure of Refractory of Converter
Authors: Chen Xia , Chang Qing Ming , Chen Chang Jun , Zhang Yun Xiang
Published: June 2011

In order to study the influence of the geometry and material properties on the service life of converters, different geometry and material properties of the converters were analyzed by using finite element method in this paper. A mechanical and thermal coupling diagram was introduced to optimize the geometric figure and material properties of the converter by software ABAQUS. The damage of converters was investigated, especially in the lower brick layers of the wall (the bottom wall transition zone). The result indicates both the ladder of the converter with small steps and a proper inclination at the joint between the bottom and wall of converters can reduce the stresses, which make the refractory material damage decrease. The working lining with high conductivity and low thermal expansion will make the thermal stress of the converter lower, which reduces the crack of the converter. The relations between the obtained results and the corresponding lining design and the material properties give a good insight into the reasons of refractory material failure and help to find counter-measures.
Thinking at Pedagogical Reforms of Architecture Design Course in China Three Gorges University
Authors: Xue Ju
Published: June 2011

Under the background of the successively reformation of architecture design course in domestic universities, this paper aims at the teaching regularity of architecture building design courses and the characteristics of students, puts forward a set of effective architecture design teaching process and the reformation method from details, in order to improve the teaching quality and improve the students' comprehensive quality.
Vulnerability Analysis of Small High-Rise Shear Wall Buildings
Authors: Zhu Jian , Tan Ping
Published: June 2011

In order to evaluate seismic reliability and vulnerability of the typical small high-rise shear wall buildings in Western China region, the sample finite element analytical small high-rise shear wall structure has been built in considering of fiber element model and fiber wall element model. Meantime stochastic response spectrum of accelerations with 5% damping ratio have being set up based on China Seismic Code as input seismic excitation, dynamic history analysis was being used to determine earthquake resistant capability of sample structures. Vulnerability curves of four performance levels are also be drawn after carefully analysis based PGA index.
Mobile Phone Laminator of Image-Based Feedback System
Authors: Peng Zhi Xiang , Zhang Qing
Published: June 2011

Using the image feedback system is an effective way to the realize sticking protective film automatically for the screen of mobile phone. System using CCD industrial camera as the testing core, get the image of the film and the screen continuously, and real-time detect the center location of the film and the screen. To accelerate the speed and accuracy of the detection, this design use Sobel’s edge detection algorithm for determining the position of the edge points.
Application of the EKE and LSE-UI Based Substructure Approach for Damage Detection with Limited Output Measurements
Authors: Lei Ying , Liu Chao
Published: June 2011

This paper presents an effort to apply the EKE (extended Kalman estimator) and LSE-UI (least squares estimation for unknown input) technique to detect structures damage with limited output measurements. This technique can be extended to detect structural local damage in complex structures based on substructure approach. Structural parameters and the unknown inputs are identified by a recursive algorithm based on sequential application of the extended Kalman estimator for the extended state vector and the least squares estimation for the unknown inputs. Only a limited number of measured acceleration responses of the benchmark structure subject to unmeasured excitation inputs are utilized. This structural damage detection method is applied to the ASCE SHM benchmark building to test its efficacy and provide a solution to the complex case of the Phase I benchmark problem. Damage detection results indicate that the proposed technique can detect and localize structural damage of the complex benchmark problem with good accuracy.
Experimental Research on the Bearing Capacity of Timber Columns Repaired and Strengthened by BFRPS
Authors: Ma Jian Suo , Bai Run Shan , Hao Yong
Published: June 2011

Using BFRPS to increase strength and durability of the structure has recently started to be used as a new technical mean. In this paper, eight BFRPS timber columns under axial compressive loads are tested, and damage characteristics and mechanical properties are studied based on the testing results. Compared with the components which are reinforced and not, the relationship between the effects of bearing factors and increasing degrees can be concluded, providing reference for the similar engineering problems.
Field Investigation and Wind-Environment Numerical Simulation of Cable-Stayed Bridge Site in the West Midlands Region
Authors: Zhang Yue , Zhou Mi
Published: June 2011

The area of mountain ridge accounts for the most part of our country land. With the development of economic construction, more and more long span bridges have been built in the mountainous region of the western in China.. Combining live observed wind with numeric simulation, the wind characteristics on the western gap of valley areas are studied. On the one hand through the self-development processing of the bridge speed data to analyze massive wind observation data, the parameters (such as wind speed profile, turbulence intensity, power spectral density) used as the main basis for calculating wind loads are achieved. On the other hand wind flow around the bridge site as well as the environment around the mountain wind flow, wind speed field and the distribution of turbulent flow, etc is obtained by using CFD technology. Based on the results that is compared with that of numerical simulation by FLUENT, the reliability and efficiency of the program is testified. It would be provided with great theoretical significance and practical engineering value passes through the foregoing study.
The Finite Element Analysis of South Cap Excavation of Left Branching of Ma on Shan Yangtze River Highway Bridge
Authors: Zhang Yue , Zhou Mi
Published: June 2011

South pile foundation of Ma On Shan Yangtze River Highway Bridge is big, deep, soft soil, groundwater rich. In order to guarantee the safeties of the foundation, its foundation pit supporting schemes are compared, selected and calculated, finally lock mouth steel pipe support is selected as the design and construction scheme. The three-dimensional simulation analysis of the scheme is calculated by using MIDAS software, simulated four construction condition is presented, and stress and deformation results of retaining structure on various operating conditions is obtained. The calculation results show that the palisade structure basic satisfies the requirements of caps excavation and caps concrete construction. The results of construction show that the construction method, model and parameters used in this paper are basic right, the reasonableness of Supporting is confirmed and for the similar large foundation pit construction provides useful reference.
Seismic Safety Evaluation for Mountainous Highway Bridge Based on Risk Matrix
Authors: Xie Gong Yuan , Yue Zhang
Published: June 2011

Risk matrix is applied to evaluate seismic risk on mountainous bridge. In this article, a continuous bridge is used as example to analyze the seismic risk of key position under a usual earthquake. Related control method is proposed to provide technical support for bridge seismic design and operation maintenance.
Effect of Material Ultimate Plasticity Strain on Collapse Resistant Capacity of 3D Steel Frame Structure during Earthquake
Authors: Zhang Hui Dong , Wang Yuan Feng , Yang De Jian , Jiang Hui
Published: June 2011

The collapse of structures caused by earthquakes causes catastrophic loss of life. Such collapse is typically caused by the inability of the structural system to redistribute its loads following the failure of one or more structural members to carry gravity loads. To study its mechanism in detail, numerical simulation is a significant method to reproduce the whole process of collapse in structural level. However, the traditional method was based on macro factors for collapse analysis and energy change in collapse process was less analyzed before, in fact, the kinds of energy components change with earthquake acceleration inputted and therefore it is necessary to analyze structural whole collapse process in terms of energy method. A three-dimensional computer simulation of the collapse of a real steel frame structure has been conducted using the LS-DYNA computer program in this paper. The responses and kinds of energy components of the structure under seismic loads are analyzed at different ultimate plasticity strain values and the strain energy change rate method for evaluating structure collapse is proposed in this paper. At last, the three main collapse patterns of structures are proposed.
Study of Treatment Effect of Front Slope for Deng Cao-Tang Tunnel Outlet
Authors: Chen Kai Sheng , Zhao Xiu Shao
Published: June 2011

Exampled with the project of front slope for Deng cao-tang tunnel outlet, the front slope is treated with prestressed anchorage cables. The reason of front slope cracking is analyzed. Moreover, the stress distribution of anchorage cables has been monitored so as to obtain the stress distribution in time. The results offer scientific basis with the treatment effect of front slope so that the safety of tunnel construction in ensured. The study has been great theoretical significance and practical value.
Numerical Simulation of the Gas-Solid Two-Phase Flow in the Cement Precalciner Based on Fluent Software
Authors: Xing Ning Ning , Zhao Wei Lin
Published: June 2011

The flow of gas and solid particles in DD-precalciner in the cement plant with capacity of 5000t/d was studied by numerical calculation using Fluent software. The DD-precalciner includes four eccentric burners, two eccentric tertiary air ducts and four feed boxes. The standard k-ε model was proposed to simulate the three-dimension turbulence flow and the movement of solid particles was simulated by particle stochastic trajectory model. The speed contours and velocity vector of different sections as well as the trajectories of solid particles were calculated and analyzed. It indicates that the structure design of DD-precalciner can great improve the combustion of coal power and decomposition of CaCO3 particles.
Combining Data Mining Technique and Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH) Method to Assess Flexible Pavement Conditions
Authors: Hsu Hui Mi , Chao Sao Jeng , Chang Jia Ruey
Published: June 2011

The pavement condition index (PCI), a numerical rating from 0 to 100, gives a good indication of the pavement condition. However, the pavement distress survey is a labor-intensive procedure which is performed quite subjectively by experienced pavement engineers. Then, a highly complicated calculation is required to determine the PCI of a road network. It is advantageous to determine the PCI from relevant pavement parameters. This study demonstrates how to develop a PCI assessment model based on pavement parameters by combining data mining technique and group method of data handling (GMDH) method. Records from provincial and county roads with asphalt surface and wide variety of pavement structure in Taiwan were employed. After conducting the find dependencies (FD) algorithm in data mining techniques, 120 dependent records were extracted from 253 raw records. For the PCI model development, 100 records were randomly selected as the training dataset. GMDH was successfully applied to develop a PCI assessment model that uses 7 critical pavement parameters and PCI as inputs and output, respectively. The R2 for the training dataset is 0.849. The rest of 20 records were utilized as the testing dataset, which has 0.851 of R2 based on the PCI assessment model. This study confirms that combining data mining technique and GMDH method has the potential to provide significant assistance in pavement condition assessment. The model proposed in this study provides a good foundation for further refinement when additional data is available.
Experimental Research on Shear Performance of Reinforced Block Short-Leg Masonry Shear Wall
Authors: Wang Feng Lai , Chen Zai Xian , Zhou Guang Chun , Xu Xiang Xun
Published: June 2011

The pseudo-static tests of two “T” cross-section samples were carried out to study the shear performance of reinforced block short-leg masonry shear wall (RBSMSW), under constant vertical loading. Crack propagation and failure pattern, bearing capacity, load-deformation relationship and energy-dissipation capability were studied, which it identified the parameter values in this experiment and validated the corresponding formulas that can be used in practical design. Also, experimental analysis verifies that both failure mode and ductility of RBSMSW are similar to those of the reinforced concrete short-leg shear wall (RCSSW).
Research on Structural Damage Localization by Improved Curvature Method
Authors: Chang Jun , Wu Yu Meng
Published: June 2011

Damage identification is one of the main contents of structural health condition assessment. Curvature mode is an ideal method to identify structural damage location, with advantages of easy to be operated and sensitive to local damage, while the frequency is easy to test with high precision. An improved structural damage identification method is presented, which combines curvature and frequency. Finally, the improved method presented herein is verified by a simple support steel beam tested in laboratory. The results show that the improved method can effectively identify structural damage location.
Research on Detection and Reinforcement of Juye Bridge Based on the Finite Element Method
Authors: Zhang Xiao Zhong , Fang Xue Zhu , Tian Fang
Published: June 2011

Based on the investigation and detection of Juye Bridge, the major diseases of Juye bridge was identified. After that, a comprehensive analysis of the diseases was done .By the results of the analysis, attention was focused on the bridge reinforcement, and then the bridge of reinforced was calculated based on finite element method. By the comparative results from finite element analysis and actual tests, the strengthening technical level and corresponding norms were evaluated. The results show that the use of the finite element technology to detect and reinforce the bridge is effective and feasible, and finite element can be an effective tool of bridge reinforcement technology.
Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of the Bearing Capacity of a New Type of Column under Axial Load
Authors: Xu Ya Feng , Zhao Xin , Fu Yi
Published: June 2011

Based on experimental research, the bearing performance of the new column (steel tube-reinforced concrete composite columns combination strengthened with angle steel and CFRP) has been studied in detail by finite element method. A finite element model is established based on a series of assumption. The load-displacement curves are obtained. The influence of steel ratio and thickness of CFRP layers to the bearing capacity is analyzed too. The result shows that both the steel ratio and the thickness of CFRP layers have great contribution to the axial load capacity. The finite element analysis results and theoretical analysis which are in good agreement show that simulation results are generally right.
Calculation Method on Capacity of Eccentrically Loaded Square Steel Tube Columns Filled with Steel Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Zhao Tong Feng , Ou Yang Wei , Sheng Xiao Xuan
Published: June 2011

To study further the bearing capacity of square steel tube columns filled with steel reinforced concrete, several broken modes were divided based on the changing of neutral axial. Bearing capacity computation formula was deduced by stirrup method. Amplified coefficient of eccentricity was regressed based on computed results of nonlinear program, and mid-long columns capacity was deduced. Input the computation formula into Excel, capacity was calculated by exhaustion the compression zone depth of concrete. Calculation results were agreed well with the tested ones.
Research on Mechanical Properties of the Stiffening Ring in Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Column with Steel Beam System with Non-Perpendicular Elements
Authors: Qi Xin , Meng Qing Cheng , Zhao Shi Chun
Published: June 2011

Mechanical properties of CFT column and steel beam joint with inner stiffening ring was analyzed by using FEA program ANSYS. Simultaneity, using correlative theory of circular beam, stress distributing rule of stiffening ring was induced. The multi-dimensions joint is different from the annular plane in bidirectional. Not only the turn of beam-annular stress concentration, but also lied on the oblique angle, smaller of the angle easier to form the biggest stress area. Thickness of stiffening ring can impact on load absorption of enforced plane. Results of FEA are valuable methods for design of stiffening ring.
Simplified Procedure for Progressive Collapse Analysis of Steel Structures
Authors: Naji Arash , Irani Fereidoon
Published: June 2011

Progressive collapse refers to a phenomenon in which a local damage of a primary structural element leads to the failure of partial or whole structural system. To investigate the progressive collapse of structures, nonlinear dynamic procedure leads to more accurate results than static procedures. Nonlinear dynamic procedure is very complicated and the evaluation or validation of its results may be very time-consuming. Therefore using simplified methods are very important. This paper presents a simplified and accurate analysis procedure for progressive collapse analysis of steel structures. The proposed method results show to have good agreement with nonlinear dynamic analysis results. Also, the capacity curve obtained from dividing the accumulated area under the nonlinear static load-displacement curve by the corresponding displacement of the column-removed point is used to predict the progressive collapse resistance of the column-removed structure.
Nonlinear Static Analysis of Seismic Response for Transfer Structure with Haunching Braces
Authors: Liang Wei Sheng , Cai Jian
Published: June 2011

Transfer structures in recent years have been well used in building structures. In this paper a new type of beam transfer structure with haunching braces is presented. Push-over analysis on an example structure against the new reinforced concrete transfer frame with haunching braces is conducted. The development feature of the plastic deformation of the structure and the responses of the acceleration and displacement during elasto-plastic stage of the structure are discussed. The seismic performance of the structure is evalated using Capacity Spectrum Method. The results show that the height of the section of the transfer beam with haunching braces should be selected between 1/10~1/8 of span, combined with the position of haunching braces and the upper loading. The seismic performance point of the example structure firstly appears at the ends of ordinary frame beams, indicating that proper design can ensure seismic safety of the transfer structure. It can provide reference for engineering practice.
Experimental Investigation and Crack Resistance Analysis on Large Scale Prestressed Steel Reinforced Concrete Frame
Authors: Xiong Xue Yu , Gao Feng , Li Yang
Published: June 2011

Based on the static test of large-scaled prestressed steel concrete frames, the behavior of crack were tested and investigated. In this paper, according to theory of reinforced concrete members, Code for design of concrete structures(GB 50010-2002)and code ACI 318—05, the formulas of cracking moment considering secondary axial forces were deduced and verified by test results. Conclusion can be drawn as follow: the calculation errors of formulas derive from theory of reinforced concrete members is small, generally less than 6%; the errors of formulas referring to Code for design of concrete structures(GB 50010-2002)is about 10%, which is satisfy the needs of engineering and simply to be calculated; Cracking moment calculated by formulas referring to code ACI 318—05 is less than test result, it is unsafe for engineering application.
Laboratory Research on Relationship between Swelling Force and Allowable Deformation
Authors: Yang He Ping , Tang Xian Yuan , Liao Ya Lin , Zhang Zhi Bin
Published: June 2011

In order to understand the differences of swelling forces tested by three conventional methods and discuss the swelling force attenuation law with allowance of a small amount of swelling deformation, the swelling force tests of Baise expansive soil were carried out by anti-inflation pressure method using uniaxial oedometer. In addition, the swelling force tests with allowance of deformation base on the same principle of pressure expansion method were performed. The results of swelling force on the samples with two water contents and the same dry density indicated that the maximum, medium and minimum of swelling force were tested by swelling anti-pressure method, the balance pressure method and the pressure expansion method, respectively; In addition, the relationship between swelling force and expansion deformation was a negative exponential; The increase in water content of the expensive soil during practical conditions was restrained by the overburden pressure. The research results can provide the references for reasonably choosing the swelling force testing methods and the design of the expansive soil subgrade.
Elastic Shear Bucking Analysis of Corrugated Web Steel Beam in the Fire
Authors: Chen Shu Hua , Han Yu Lai , Zhang Jian Hua
Published: June 2011

According to the temperature changes of corrugated webs steel beam in fire at different time, 3 different kinds of shear buckling modes and the changes of elastic buckling critical stress of corrugated web steel beam are analyzed in the fire, considering the effect of fire high temperature on structure elasticity modulus. The computed expressions of partial shear elastic critical buckling stress, elastic critical buckling stress of general buckling mode and critical stress of elastic relevant buckling in the fire are presented in the paper. Numerical results show that fire high temperature has obvious effect on elastic shear critical buckling stress changes of corrugated web steel beam.
Building the CBR-Based Identification System Framework for Construction Accident Precursors
Authors: Liu Xian Zhi , Zhao Ting Sheng , Xiao Kai
Published: June 2011

Construction accident precursors(CAPs) are potential upcoming accident signals and offer the possibility for improving safety management performance. Case-based reasoning (CBR) as an artificial intelligence(AI) tools can be used to improve the efficiency and quality of CAPs identification. This paper developed a system framework for identifying CAPs on construction sites using CBR. There were ten indicators, including six problem indicators and four solution indicators were identified to describe the CAPs case between the accident characteristics and corresponding precursors. Especially, a technique case-based adaptation was implemented in the adaptation stage of CBR called inner CBR and three indicators were identified to describe the adaptation case. Eventually, the CAPs identification system framework was presented and a case study based on actual accident case from US Department of OSHA was used to illustrate how to seek CAPs.This research provides a new way to acquire more useful information from historical accident records in order to improve safety on construction sites for future ongoing project.
Research on Improving Friction Compensation of Large Structure's Weighing System
Authors: Liu Ming , Zhang Qing , Gong Meng
Published: June 2011

Large structures weighing systemis upgrading the structure simultaneously using several jacks. After structure leaves the ground, the hydraulic control check valve is used for hydraulic lock, and pressure sensor that under each jack measures the jack cavity pressure. Data is collected by PLC system to obtain the force situation of each jack. With the moment of inertia calculation, center of gravity coordinates of the plane is obtained, the weighing system involves in the hydraulic system, control system, data acquisition and transmission. As the jack wall friction and the leakage factors, in the measuring process, pressure sensor reflects little, and measurement errors appear. In this research, experimental research data has been used to obtain empirical formula under varying pressures, error has also been corrected in weighing measurement system in order to get high precision weighing data. The results are in good agreement after comparing this theory with results measured by weight sensor.
Corrosion Mechanism of Anti-Seepage Curtain Corroded by Acid Mine Drainage
Authors: Ju Hai Yan , Zhao Jiang Qian , Li Jian Hua , Zeng Kai Hua , Gao Gui Qing
Published: June 2011

The acid mine drainage pollution is the worldwide difficult problem induced by mining industry. Based on the investigation and analysis of acid sewage quality component in some mine wastewater reservoir, the interaction and corrosion mechanism are studied between acid mine drainage and anti-seepage curtain, the technological ideas about how to improve and enhance the corrosion resistance of curtain are put forward, providing reference for predicting engineering durability and reinforcement. The corrosion mechanism research shows that the cement frequently take place the decompose and polyreaction because of the double action of solventing out and chemical dissolution during the AMD corroding, it changes the molecular structure inside the curtain and the composition of its framework, so as to lead to the structure loosing, the permeability increasing, and the cement strength reducing, and thus affecting the anti-seepage property and durability of the curtain seriously.
Propagation Characteristics of Ultrasonic Waves in Concrete Medium with Local Damage
Authors: Guo Yuan Cao , Guo Shao Hua
Published: June 2011

The theory of ultrasonic wave propagation characteristic in damaged concrete media was studied in this paper. Basing on the fundamentals of classical elastic dynamics and the model of damaged mechanics,the basic equations of elastic wave propagation in damaged media are established and the example analysis and a numerical calculation are displayed. The basic solutions of the equations is deducted. Because the damage exists in the construction, the concrete’s wave response comprised of the shape,the amplitude and the propagated time of the ultrasonic waves in the structure will change obviously. The transformation mentioned above is provided for further study of inverse analysis and nondestructive test of the structure.
Fire Performance of Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with CFRP Sheets Bonded with an Inorganic Adhesive
Authors: Wan Fu Xiong , Zheng Wen Zhong
Published: June 2011

Considering softening temperatures of ordinary organic epoxy adhesives are too low, this study develops an inorganic adhesive which strength at 600°C is not lower than that at normal room temperature. Four reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened with CFRP sheets bonded with the inorganic adhesive are tested. The fire protection of the CFRP sheets is done using the thick-type fireproofing coatings for tunnel (TFCT) and steel structure (TFCSS) respectively. All specimens are tested in the furnace together. Specimens are exposed to fire for 1.5 hours in according to the ISO834 standard fire curve, and then naturally cooled for 1 hour. CFRP sheets at center point of bottom surface of beams are 300~470°C, and the corresponding displacements at mid-span are 1/1400~1/318 of the actual span. The CFRP sheets keep a good state and are tightly bonded on RC beams by the inorganic adhesive after fire. Temperature and deformation are analyzed by ABAQUS, and the simulation and measured results are in good agreement. The results indicate that, under the protection of fireproof coating, the CFRP sheets work well in cooperation with RC beams and slabs during fire. TFCSS is inferior to TFCT because the former is easier to drop and crack in fire. Analysis method of the finite element supplies a good way to temperature field and deformation calculation of structures in fire.
Analysis and Calculation of the Force of Glass Panel of the Point Supported Glass Curtain Wall
Authors: Huo Zhi Peng , Huang Cheng Wei , Zhang Guang Jie
Published: June 2011

Based on elastic mechanics, this article deduced the theoretical value of the maximum stress and maximum deflection of sheet structure which was applied on point supported glass curtain wall structure, and figure out the stress and deflection values by calculation example. After that by simulating the structure with the finite element software ANSYS we drew the cloud atlas of stress and deflection values which we analyzed and compared with the theoretical values. Finally we can work out the error between the theoretical values and simulate value and analysis it.
Experiment of the SCT Joint under Complicated Loading
Authors: Liao Bing , Luo Yong Feng , Guo Xiao Nong
Published: June 2011

A radial-circle-lined grid shell, its height changed step by step in the radial direction, is adopted in the roof steel structure of the Citizen Water Sports Center in Jiangyin, China. And the Spatial Crossing Tubular (SCT) joint is used for the connection of pipe members. Because the force transmission in the roof structure is different from the traditional truss structure, a lot of SCT joints are in a complicated loading state. The joint forces include axial forces and in/out-of-plane moments. To investigate the mechanical behavior and the load-bearing capacity of a typical SCT joint in such complicated loading condition, a full size model test of the typical SCT joint is conducted. The test process is summarized in the paper, together with the finite element calculation of the typical SCT joint in test conditions. By comparing the numerical results with the test results, several significant parameters of the connection are investigated, including the stiffness change of the joint, the transmission mechanism of forces, the ultimate load-bearing capacity and the failure mode of the joint. After investigation, several useful suggestions are proposed for the SCT joint design. They are also valuable for the design of similar SCT joints under complicated loading condition.
The Deformation Analysis and Control of Large Steel Structures Based on Non-Slide Construction Site
Authors: Guo Yan , Zhang Qing , Bai Xiang Qiang , Pan Shen Hong
Published: June 2011

The layered construction technique is the common method of large steel structures in the non-slide construction. In process of the former three-tier construction, the structure is prone to forming large deformation because of great span, large weight of interlayer equipments and other various factors. In this article, to obtain high dimensional accuracy and good deformation control data, the positions of temporary support points of the 3M201 that is a module of large steel structure in a project are optimized successfully with the ANSYS optimization of finite element.
Experimental Research on Steel-High Strength Concrete Composite Beams
Authors: Xu Wei , Xu Feng , Wang Hao , Wang Lian Guang
Published: June 2011

Based on 5 test specimen of steel-high strength concrete composite beam, This paper analyzes test results, researches on mechanical properties of steel-high strength concrete composite beams, load-deformation properties, performance of the interface slip and strain of the midspan across-section of beams, Study on the performance of the steel-high strength concrete composite beams.
Application Analysis of Water Source Heat Pump Auxiliary Supply Solar Energy for Heating and Cooling in Western Region of China
Authors: Hou Cai Qin , Hou Hui , Cai Ying , Yang Rong Xia
Published: June 2011

The paper proposed design proposal that is combination of solar energy with water source heat pump for heating in the winter at the climate features of the Northwest,And analyzes Major problems and Energy saving property in the use of solar and heat pump design. In the northwest region,there are abundant solar energy resources ,the study will has very important significance to ease the energy shortage and t use renewable energy .
Shake Table Test of Confined Brick Masonry Building
Authors: Shahzada Khan , Naeem Khan Akhtar , Elnashai Amr S. , Naseer Amjad , Javed M. , Ashraf M.
Published: June 2011

This paper presents the shake table test of a one-forth scaled model, representing a typical Pakistani three stories confined brick masonry building. The model was constructed following complete model similitude and subjected to a series of sinusoidal base motions of increasing amplitude at a constant frequency equivalent to the predominant frequency of JMA Kobe-1995 earthquake record. The dynamic test data was processed and analyzed to generate the force-deformation curve, ductility ratio and response modification factor of the system. A shear-dominated failure mode was observed. As expected, the ground storey was found to suffer more damage than the other two stories. Out-of-plane failure of walls and crushing of concrete in confining elements were also noted in the final test runs. Based on the damage mechanism and force-deformation characteristics, various performance levels are suggested.
The Research on Strengthening Technique for Aged RC Beam
Authors: Xie Bin , Jia Bin , Wang Ru Heng
Published: June 2011

The strengthening technique for the aged RC beam was introduced in this paper. A series of measures were utilized to increase the bond strength between CFRP and aged RC beam. The results of experiment indicate that ultimate bearing capacity of the strengthened RC beam increased almost 46%.
Stress Characteristics Analysis of a Corrugated Web Composite Girder under Out-Plane Bending
Authors: Wang Z.Y. , Wang Q.Y. , Tan L.F. , Chen Y.Y. , Jiang R.J.
Published: June 2011

The focus of this study is to analyse the stress distribution of corrugated web girder subjected to out-plane bending. Welded joining is considered in this study to connect the corrugated web and beam flange. As stress concentration is very critical for the prediction of fatigue life of the structure, this study provides preliminary results for further fatigue assessment of box-section girder bridge with such structural details. A finite element analysis based study has been conducted to trace the stress distribution along the corrugated web with varying thickness and cope hole details. The comparison with related simplified expression and typical stress concentration behaviours are outlined in this paper. Comments are given for the further consideration of presented stress characteristics in the fatigue design.
Preliminary Parametric Assessment of a Bolted Endplate Joint under Combined Axial Force and Cyclic Bending Moment
Authors: Wang Z.Y. , Wang Q.Y.
Published: June 2011

Problems regarding the combined axial force and bending moment for the behaviour of semi-rigid steel joints under service loading have been recognized in recent studies. As an extended research on the cyclic behaviour of a bolted endplate joint, this study is performed relating to the contribution of column axial force on the cyclic behaviour of the joint. Using finite element analysis, the deteriorations of the joint performance have been evaluated. The preliminary parametric study of the joint is conducted with the consideration of flexibility of the column flange. The column axial force was observed to significantly influence the joint behaviour when the bending of the column flange dominates the failure modes. The reductions of moment resistance predicted by numerical analysis have been compared with codified suggestions. Comments have been made for further consideration of the influence of column axial load in seismic design of bolted endplate joints.
Short Shear Wall Structure Conception Design on High Building
Authors: Gao Ming Tao , Zhuang Jin Xun
Published: June 2011

Short-pier shear wall structure design in a high building was introduced in this paper, the author explored how to dispose various styles short-pier shear wall structure, the author expound practical application of conception design in short-pier shear wall structure design.
Outrigger Structures for Twisted Tall Buildings
Authors: Moon Kyoung Sun
Published: June 2011

Employing twisted forms in tall buildings is a relatively new architectural phenomenon, as are the cases with the Chicago Spire and Shanghai Tower. These super-tall buildings employ outrigger structures as their primary lateral load resisting systems. This paper presents structural performance of outrigger structures employed for twisted towers. Twisted tall buildings of different twisted rates are designed with outrigger structures. Two cases are studied comparatively. The first case uses spirally slanted perimeter mega-columns in response to the twisted building form. The second case uses vertical mega-columns, set back from the building perimeter, and cantilevered floor slabs from the column lines. The comparative structural efficiency of these cases is presented.
Block Shear Behaviours of Stainless Steel Channel Bolted Joints with Four Bolts
Authors: Kim Tae Soo , Kim Min Seong , Kim S.H. , Lee Y.T. , Shin S.W.
Published: June 2011

The introduction of thin-walled stainless steel in buildings has been increased gradually for ensuring the sustainability thanks to excellent corrosion resistance and durability. Many studies on structural behaviors of stainless steel bolted connection fabricated with plane plate have been carried out. This paper is aimed at investigating the ultimate behaviors such as ultimate strength, fracture mode and out of plane deformation(i.e. curling) of channel bolted connection of cold-formed austenitic stainless steel with four bolts (2×2 bolt arrangement). End distance parallel to the direction of applied force is adopted as main variables. Specimens are planned with block shear fracture in ultimate state. In case of bolted connections with a long end distance, curling has also been observed. Ultimate strengths by test results are compared with those of current ASCE design specification and the influence of curling on ultimate strength is discussed.
The Optimization of Reinforcement Scheme of Building Based on Multi-Objective and Half-Structural Fuzzy Theory
Authors: Wang Guang Yue , Wang Meng
Published: June 2011

There are many existing architectural structures that need reinforcement because of low construction quality, absurd design, inappropriate use, accidental natural disaster and building function change etc. Since there are several possible reinforcement schemes available to one structure, choosing the optimal scheme becomes a crucial problem that a designer must face. The optimization of reinforcement schemes needs considering not only quantitative factors like construction cost and period, but also qualitative index, which is difficult to quantize, such as durability and construction difficulty degree. Therefore, scheme selection is a representative multi-index semi-structural problem. This poses considerable difficulty to designers and is complicated to regulate because of the subjective randomness. In this paper, fuzzy multi-index half-structural theory is applied to the selection of building reinforcement schemes. By determining relative membership degree matrix and objective weight matrix of each index, superior degree of each scheme to decision is decided; objective index and designers’ experience are combined effectively, and then optimal reinforcement scheme can be obtained. The results reveal that the calculate results are well consistent with those of test, and have great computational accuracy.
Study on Dynamic Test of a Large Span Steel Truss Pedestrian Bridge
Authors: Li Mao Qi
Published: June 2011

To prevent a long-span steel truss pedestrian bridge vibration problem, finite element model was established by analysis software ANSYS, studies on this pedestrian bridge’s vibration question were carried on by frequent spectrum analysis based on recorded data and modal analysis. It has determined the vibrating level. In addition, the reason for this pedestrian bridge’s vibration has been thoroughly analyzed from the pedestrian and traffic, and had dynamic response analysis of pedestrian bridges under the crowd of pedestrians walking load. Then the main reason which causes the actual vibration characteristic has been found. Thus these both gave the reasonable explanation to the vertical vibration and provided the reference for the similar structure’s dynamic performance research.
The Study of Mechanical Behaviors Performance of Bearing Form's Influence on Small-Radius Bridge
Authors: Li Mao Qi
Published: June 2011

With the structural method, the "bending - twisting" coupling of the curve bridge is possible. As the small-radius bridge’s radius become smaller and smaller, the "Bending-Twisting" coupling become more and more common in order to discuss and verify the mechanical behaviors performance of supports' influence on small-radius bridge. This is done by changing the small-radius bridge’s supporting approach, using girder lattice method to construct a finite element model, analysis on a small-radius bridge of supporting longitudinal bending moment, torque and the influence of reaction force. The data shows that the double supports can reduce the small-radius bridge’s torque, make the medial and lateral support bearings equal reaction, make the small-radius bridge’s mechanical behaviors performance more reasonable, but was less affected by longitudinal bending moment. This conclusion of the small-radius bridge is significant to the designing work in the future.
Parametric Analysis for Ultimate Strength Prediction of Stainless Steel Bolted Joints with Single Bolt
Authors: Kim Tae Soo , Lim Jin Seong
Published: June 2011

A variety of parametric studies utilizing the finite element analysis (FEA) have been performed by Kim et al in order to predict the mechanical behavior(ultimate strength) of single shear bolted joints in cold-formed(thin-walled) stainless steel. The precedent researches have been conducted with respect to the mechanical behaviors of single shear bolted joints fabricated with four bolts and two bolts. Subsequently, this study has been focused on the comparison of ultimate behaviors between the existing test results and FEA results. In addition, parametric study has been performed in order to investigate the influence of mesh size and washer existence on ultimate behaviors. Therefore, reasonable finite element modelling method and condition were recommended in this paper.
The Design of Jianshe Bridge
Authors: Wang Hui Li , Qin Si Feng , Jiang Rong Bin
Published: June 2011

Jianshe bridge is the first self-anchored cable-stayed suspension bridge in the world, localed in Dalian, China. Cable-stayed suspension was presented in history, however cable-stayed bridge and self-anchored suspension combine to make a new type system, which is economy and fit for large span bridge. This paper presents the design of Jianshe bridge. The static and dynamic character of the system and the fatigue of suspender are presented. The computing model of this new system is also introduced in the paper. The structure internal force nonlinearity and stress of the bridge are analyzed. Then analyse the calculate results and draw the conclusions, which self-anchored cable-stayed suspension bridge is fit for large-span bridge, cross suspender can reduce stress amplitude and overcome fatigue problem, and Wind-resistant stability of self-anchored cable-stayed suspension bridge is better than earth anchored system.