bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS PEMASARAN MARNING JAGUNG YOVI DI KELURAHAN DUSUN BANGKO KECAMATAN BANGKO KABUPATEN MERANGIN (Study Kasus Home Industri Pak Sapryamin)
Authors: Fikriman Fikriman , Julianta Alex , Asminar Asminar
Published: April 2022

Marning jagung merupakan jenis makanan yang terbuat dari olahan dari jagung yang di jadikan makanan (snack) yang dikonsumsi setelah melalui proses pengolahan sederhana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mngetahui saluran pemasaran dan fungsi-fungsi pemsaran yang dilakukan pada tiap lembaga pemasaran Marning Jagung dan menganalisis tingkat efsiensi pemasaran yang diterima masing-masing lembaga pemasaran Marning jagung Yovi di Kelurahan Dusun Bangko Kecamatan Bangko Kabupaten Merangin.Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan metode study kasus (Case Study) dimana penelitian hanya dipusatkan pada objek tertentu dan kesimpulan diambil hanya akan akan berlaku pada objek yang diteliti yaitu tempat industri Marning jagung Yovi di Kelurahan Dusun Bangko Kecamatan Bangko Kabupaten Merangin. Sedangkan untuk mengetahui lembaga pemasaran yang terlibat pada pemasaran marning jagung yaitu dengan menggunkan snowball sampling. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini meliputi analisis saluran pemasaran, fungsi-fungsi pemasaran dan efisiensi pemasaran.Hasil penelitian menunjukan Saluran pemasaran marning jagung Yovi di Kelurahan Dusun Bangko Kecamatan Bangko Kabupaten Merangin terdiri dari 3 saluran yaitu dimana saluran I: Produsen → Konsumen, saluran II: Produsen→ Pedagang Pengecer → Konsumen dan pada saluran III:  Produsen → Pedagang Grosir → Pedagang Pengecer → Konsumen. Pada fungsi pemasaran yang dilakukan oleh setiap lembaga pemasaran marning jagung Yovi meliputi fungsi pertkaran, fungsi fisik dan fasilitas. Ketiga saluran pemasaran Marning Jagung Yovi Di Kelurahan Dusun Bangko Kecamatan Bangko Kabupaten Merangin sudah efisienkarena pada saluran pemasaran I bersifat efisen dengan nilai EP 0%, Saluran pemasara II bersifat efisien dengan nilai EP 3,07% , dan pada saluran III juga bersifat efisien dengan nilai EP 7,23%.
PENGARUH PUPUK NPK DAN BOKASHI DAUN GAMAL TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L)
Authors: Arsensi Iin , Boy Markus Y Yopi , Nugrahini Tutik
Published: April 2022

Pertumbuhan bibit kakao yang baik di pembibitan sangat ditentukan oleh ketersediaan pupuk. Pemupukan dapat menggunakan pupuk organik maupun anorganik. Penggabungan kedua jenis pupuk tersebut diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit kakao. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian dosis pupuk NPK dan bokashi daun gamal terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kakao (Theobroma cacao L.). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan analisis Faktorial 4x4 = 16 kombinasi dengan ulangan sebanyak 3 kali. Faktor  pertama adalah bokashi daun gamal (G)  terdiri dari 4 taraf, yaitu : B0 : tanpa perlakuan ( kontrol ), B1 : 75 g/polybag, B2 : 100 g/polybag, B3 : 125 g/polybag. Faktor kedua adalah pupuk NPK Mutiara (F) yang terdiri dari 4 taraf, yaitu : M0 : tanpa perlakuan (kontrol), M1 : 4 g/polybag, M2 : 8 g/polybag, M3 : 12 g/polybag. Interaksi kedua perlakuan yaitu bokashi daun gamal dan NPK Mutiara memberikan pengaruh yang sangat nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan diameter batang dengan perlakuan terbaik yaitu B2M3 100 g/polybag dan 12 g/polybag sedangkan jumlah daun dengan perlakuan terbaik yaituB3M3 120 g/polybag dan 12 g/polybag
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS JAMUR EKTOMIKORIZA DI TAMAN WISATA ALAM BARIAT KABUPATEN SORONG SELATAN
Authors: Ponisri Ponisri , Bleskadit Hana , Irnawati Irnawati
Published: April 2022

Mikoriza adalah jamur yang hidup di dalam tanah dan dapat berasosiasi dengan tumbuhan. Mikoriza yang terbentuk pada tumbuhan dapat dibedakan berdasar struktur tumbuh dan cara infeksinya pada sistem perakaran inang yang dikelompokkan ke dalam tiga golongan besar yaitu ektomikoriza, endomikoriza dan ektendomikoriza. Jamur merupakan salah satu organisme dengan tingkat keragaman yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu dalam pengelompokan jamur (fungi), organisme ini dimasukkan dalam kelompok dunia tersendiri, disamping tumbuhan, hewan, dan mikrobia. Terkait dengan keberadaannya, jamur ektomikoriza merupakan indikator baik tidaknya kondisi hutan. Kawasan Taman Wisata Alam Bariat ini merupakan salah satu habitat berbagai tumbuhan jamur ektomikoriza. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah jenis jamur ektomikoriza, keanekaragaman, dominasi, dan kemerataan jenis jamur ektomikoriza yang tumbuh di wilayah hutan Taman Wisata Alam Bariat Kabupaten Sorong Selatan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode observasi/pengamatan langsung di lapangan. Untuk pengambilan data jamur ektomikoriza dibuat plot secara purposive sebanyak 25 plot pengamatan dengan ukuran plot 20 x 20 m, sehingga luas keseluruhan areal penelitian 10.000 m2 (1 ha). Jenis jamur ektomikoriza yang ditemukan di hutanTaman Wisata A`lam Bariat  sebanyak 16 jenis, yakni Hygrocybe cocineocre 309 individu (17,02%), jenis Pycnoporus annabarinus 124 individu (6,83%),  Agrocybe sp 119 individu (6,56%), Mycena hiemalis 115 individu (6,34%), Coltricia sp 111 individu (6,12%), Fomes sp 109 individu (6,01%), Coltricia sp1 dan Pleutrotus sp masing-masing ada 107 individu (5,90%), Ramaria strcrita 101 individu (5,56%) Macrocystidia sp dan Auricullaria poltrichia masing-masing ada 94 individu (5,18%), Oudemansiella sp, Hygrocybe sp, dan Boletus sp masing-masing ada 89 individu (4.90%) Tremetes sp 87 individu (4,79%), dan Amanita sp 71 individu (3,91%). Indeks keanekaragaman jenis jamur ektomikoriza pada kawasan hutan Taman Wisata Alam Bariat dalam katagori sedang yaitu 1,171 dan indeks dominasi jenis dalam katagori rendah yaitu 0,077 sedangkan indeks kemerataan jenis dalam katagori tinggi yaitu 0,985, hal ini bahwa jamur ektomikoriza yang terdapat pada hutan Taman Wisata Alam Bariat menyebar secara merata, kecuali jenis  Boletus sp, Tremetes sp dan Amanita sp.
PEMBERIAN PUPUK KOMPOS TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN KANGKUNG DARAT (Ipomea reptans poir) SEBAGAI PENCEGAHAN STUNTING
Authors: Ansyari Faisal
Published: April 2022

Stunting merupakan masalah gizi kronis pada balita yang ditandai dengan tinggi badan anak yang lebih pendek dengan teman sebayanya. Stunting dipengaruhi oleh rendahnya kualitas gizi yang diberikan kepada anak. Dalam pemenuhan gizi diperlukan sayuran yang bermutu, salah satu solusinya yaitu menanam sayuran kangkung secara organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk kompos terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kangkung sebagai pencegahan stunting di Desa Alue Ambang Kecamatan Teunom Kabupaten Aceh Jaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode (RAK) rancangan acak kelompok non faktorial terdiri dari 1 faktor 5 kombinan masing-masing diulang 8 kali. faktor yang diuji adalah pupuk kompos dengan taraf (KO) 100%, tanah /8 kg (K1) 2 kg kompos, (K2) 4 kg kompos, (K3) 6x6 kompos dan (K4) 8 kg kompos. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian pupuk kompos dengan dosis yang berbeda berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 10, 15, 20 dan 25 HST. Berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap jumlah daun umur 10, 15, 20 dan 25 HST. Namun berpengaruh tidak nyata pada umur 10 HST. Berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap panjang daun, luas daun dan berat berangkasan basah umur 25 HST.
KERAGAMAN NEMATODA PADA LAHAN REKLAMASI PASCA TAMBANG BATU BARA DI DESA BANGUN REJO KECAMATAN TENGGARONG SEBERANG NEMATODE DIVERSITY IN POST-COAL MINING RECLAMATION LAND IN BANGUN REJO VILLAGE, TENGGARONG SEBERANG DISTRICT
Authors: Sofian Sofian , Sopialena Sopialena , Suyadi Suyadi , Rudiyanto Haris
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui status keragaman nematoda pada lahan reklamasi pasca tambang batubara dan hutan sekunder (pembanding). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Mulawarman selama 4(empat) bulan. Pengambilan sampel tanah dilaksanakan di Desa Bangun Rejo Kecamatan Tenggarong Seberang, Kalimantan Timur. Dilanjutkan dengan ekstraksi nematoda menggunakan metode Baermann yang dimodifikasi, dan identifikasi nematoda yang didapatkan sampai tingkat genus berdasarkan ciri morfologinya. Pengamatan nematoda dilakukan di laboratorium Ilmu Hama Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Mulawarman Samarinda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 14 genera nematoda, terdiri dari 6 genera nematoda non-paasit dan 8 genera parasit tumbuhan. Genus nematoda yang dominan secara berturut-turut adalah sebagai berikut: Apelenchus, Cephalobus, Dorylaimus, Pratylenchus, dan Rhabditis. Kepadatan populasi nematoda berkisar 30-206 individu 100 gram-1 tanah. Keanekaragaman nematoda pada lahan reklamasi tergolong sedang dengan indeks Shannon-Wienner berkisar 1,22-3,09, sedangkan pada lahan pembanding (hutan sekunder) tergolong tinggi dengan indeks Shannon-Wienner berkisar 3,06 – 3,49. Kata kunci : Lahan Reklamasi Pasca Tambang Batu bara, Keragaman Nematoda, Indikator Biologi.
Saved by Insulin! Continuous Intravenous Insulin Infusion as an Adjunctive Treatment for Refractory Hyperkalaemia
Authors: Voo Tong Chin , Ramanathan Surenthiran , Hoong Phang Yuen
Published: April 2022

Intravenous insulin infusion which is used in treatment of hyperglycaemic emergencies can cause hypokalemia. We report a case of how this disadvantage was utilised to save a patient with life threatening hyperkalaemia. A 46-year-old lady with diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease (CKD) presented with breathlessness for 3 days. She had been taking excessive durian for 5 days before admission. Her medications included atenolol. On examination, she was severely bradycardic with pulse rate of 35 beats per minute. She had clinical features of fluid overload. Her renal profile showed elevated urea (17.5 mmol/l) potassium (7.8 mmol/l) and creatinine (322 umol/l). Electrocardiograph (ECG) showed junctional bradycardia. Despite counselling, she declined renal replacement therapy. Various potassium lowering therapies were given including regular nebulised salbutamol, calcium polystyrene sulfonate, intravenous furosemide, and regular insulin chase. After 5 rounds of insulin chases, potassium level remained markedly elevated at 8.2 mmol/l. When she finally consented, haemodialysis was performed. 9 hours post haemodialysis, potassium level was 7.6 mmol/l. While waiting for a next session of haemodialysis, fixed rate intravenous insulin infusion (0.1 unit/kg/hour) was given with concurrent dextrose fluids. Blood glucose was monitored hourly. 15 hours later potassium dropped to 5 mmol/l. ECG changes resolved with resolution of hyperkalemia. She did not require further haemodialysis. Patients with CKD should be cautious with durian intake as it is rich in potassium and may lead to severe hyperkalemia. This case highlights a novel use of continuous fixed-rate insulin infusion for treatment of refractory hyperkalemia when all else fails.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue-2: 2021 Page: S8
Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome: Diagnosis and Psychological Impact in Adolescence, A Case Report
Authors: Mohd Yusuf Salma Yasmin , Md Yasin Mazapuspavina , Mohd Zahid Akmal Zulayla , Arshad Akmal Hisham , Nor Khariah Mat
Published: April 2022

This case report illustrates the case of complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) which is a rare form of sexual development disorders (DSD). Complex critical thinking is needed for pathophysiology of primary amenorrhea causes and sex chromosomes differences of sexual development, such as primary ovarian failure, Mullerian Agenesis or disorders with abnormal androgen synthesis or response. This is a phenotypically female who presented with primary amenorrhea at the age of 19 years old. Normal levels of thyroid function test, serum prolactin and follicle stimulating hormone ruled out hypothyroidism, hyperprolactinemia, and primary ovarian failure. Magnetic resonance imaging showed absence of uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, but presence of proximal 1/3rd of the vagina. There is a single testis in the left inguinal region with unknown status of spermatogenesis. The chromosomal analysis revealed 46, XY karyotype conveying the patient is genotypically male. The testis-determining factor (TDF) test or sex-determining region Y (SRY) protein for male sex determination was not done. Similar presentation of primary amenorrhea diagnosis of CAIS was made to her 18-year-old sister. Women with CAIS are vulnerable to various psychological conditions caused by the appalling fact of being genotypically male when they have been raised female all their life. The gender confusion, reproductive issues and how others perceive them in the outside world require sensitive support. Hence, accentuate the need to address the emotional, psychological, and psychiatric vulnerabilities in issues pertaining to relationships, infertility and conception.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue-2: 2021 Page: S12
Core Values of Professionalism among Fresh Medical Graduates in a Malaysian Private University
Authors: Salam Abdus , Begum Hamida , Zakaria Hasbullani , Allaw Belqees Ahmed Qaid , Han Thuzar , Algantri Khaleed R , Mofta Abdulhameed Gadmor , Elmahi Mishaal Elbasheer Babiker , Mohamed Elamin Mhamed Elamin , Elkhalifa Mohamed Abdelrahman Ahmed , Zainol Jamaludin
Published: April 2022

Objective: Core-professionalism values: altruism, accountability, excellence, respect, and integrity are unique and universally applicable to all professions. This study was aimed to investigate self-perception of core-professionalism values of medical graduates.Materials and Methods: All-50 fresh medical graduates from Widad University College session 2019 participated in this cross-sectional questionnaire survey. The questionnaire contained five core-professionalism values with 4-6 attributes under each, comprising a total of 25 attributes. The attributes were measured by a five-point Likert scale where 5=strongly agree and 1=strongly disagree. Graduates were asked to rate their selfperception on these attributes. Data were analyzed and presented as mean and percentage.Results: Response rate of the study was 92%. Male constituted 30% while females were 70%. The mean score of altruism rated as 18.58/20 (92.9%), accountability 28.01/30 (93.37%); excellence 28.57/30 (95.23%), respectfulness 23.81/25 (95.24%), and integrity 19.10/20 (95.5%). There was no significant difference of core professionalism values observed between male and female graduates.Conclusions: Fresh medical graduates scored >90% in each of the five core professionalism values which denotes the positive reputation of the organization. Core-professionalism values are unique and universally applicable to all professions and should be focused by the educators of every profession for the public good and to become responsible scientific literate citizens.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 04 October’21 Page: 463-472
The Relationship of Dyslipidemia with Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Subclinical Hypothyroid
Authors: Hendarto Hari , Premono Laurentius Aswin , Akbar Femmy Nurul , Harbuwono Dante Saksono , Subekti Imam , Setiati Siti
Published: April 2022

Background: Studies have shown type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accompanied by subclinical hypothyroid (SCH) leads to a higher retinopathy incidence, compared to T2DM without SCH. Furthermore, SCH patients are known to have a high risk of dyslipidemia. This study therefore aims to determine the relationship between dyslipidemia and retinopathy, in T2DM patients with SCH.Materials and Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design, and the study population consisted of adult patients diagnosed with T2DM over a year ago and visiting the Metabolic Endocrine Division’s outpatient ward at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. The data collected include glycemic control, FT4, lipid profile TSHs, as well as retinopathy data.Results: According to the results, patients with T2DM and SCH accompanied by dyslipidemia, had a 2.76 times higher retinopathy risk, compared to patients without dyslipidemia (p value = 0.014). Conclusion: A significant relationship was concluded to exist between dyslipidemia and retinopathy in T2DM patients with SCH.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 04 October’21 Page: 478-483
Risk factors, Diagnosis and Outcomes of Management Strategies of Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) Disorders in Low-resources Settings: Case Report
Authors: Milla Haidarotul , Akhmadi Syauqi Kashira Yoshi , Wibisono Fennisia , Sari Flori R
Published: April 2022

Background: Placenta accreta spectrum disorder (PAS), such as placenta accreta, placenta increta, and placenta percreta are causes of post-partum hemorrhage causing maternal morbidity and mortality. The major risk issues are prior caesarean section, placenta previa, advanced maternal age, multiparity, and preeclampsia. A reliable antenatal diagnosis is required for this serious condition. To reduce the incidence of maternal morbidity and mortality due to massive bleeding, it is necessary to make an early diagnosis in order for the surgical approach can be planned in the future. High birth rates and cesarean delivery are the cause of an increase in the incidence of PAS in middle / low-income countries. Additional diagnostic methods, advanced surgical methods, and other interventional radiological methods can greatly contribute to reducing maternal morbidity and mortality in high-income countries but are frequently not available in low-resource settings. Therefore, an inexpensive management strategy is an important issue.Methods: This is a retrospective case series. The patients suspected of PAS are reassessed histologically for the diagnosis confirmation. The information about risk factors, time to decide a definite diagnosis, monitoring vital signs, resuscitation, blood transfusions, surgical management, and maternal outcomes are detailed in a table.Result: We reported five women with PAS, diagnosed and managed in our hospital, with different conditions at admission and a different risk factor for PAS. All of the patients undergoing subtotal hysterectomy and uterine tissue samples were sent to the anatomical pathology department for histopathological examination. Red blood cell transfusions were used in all patients and transfer of patients to the intensive care unit was carried out postoperatively. Complications related to monitoring occurred in one patient such as acute kidney injury. There was one maternal death that occurred.Conclusion: Antenatal diagnosis is essential in outlining the best management strategy in patients with PAS. The clinical approach was able to prove valuable when PAS is suspected before delivery. In low-resource settings, lack of interventional radiology services and prenatal diagnostic may probably impact patients management with PAS.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 04 October’21 Page: 503-509
Prophetic Medicine for Treatment of Radiotherapy-Induced Mucositis
Authors: Hamzah Mohd Hafiz , Mohamad Irfan , Abd Mutalib Nor Shahida , Musa Muhamad Yusri , Ab Hamid Siti Azrin
Published: April 2022

Objective: Mucositis is a debilitating complication of radiotherapy treatment in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Mucositis can lead to malnutrition due to poor oral intake, and the cancer treatment protocol might be postponed due to this condition. Until now, there is no specific treatment to prevent radiotherapy-induced mucositis in NPC patients. The usage of propolis mouthwash is believed to be one of the important remedies to reduce the severity of mucositis in the future. We sought to evaluate the effectiveness of propolis mouthwash in preventing radiotherapy-induced mucositis in NPC patients.Methods: This is a double arm, prospective, randomized control trial (RCT) with intervention involving 17 patients diagnosed with NPC attending ORL-HNS clinic in Institut Perubatan & Pergigian Termaju (IPPT) Bertam. 10 patients were given propolis mouthwash and another 7 patients were given normal saline mouthwash as a placebo. The effectiveness of propolis mouthwash was assessed by repeated measures ANOVA.Result: All 17 NPC patients were randomly divided into propolis group (intervention) and normal saline group (placebo). 10 patients were given propolis mouthwash and another 7 patients were given normal saline mouthwash. Comparison of adjusted mean and 95% confidence interval of mucositis grading score between propolis mouthwash and normal saline showed at the second week was 0.10(- 0.13, 0.33) vs 1.14(0.31, 1.98), fourth week: 0.50(0.12, 0.88) vs 2.00(1.47, 2.53), and sixth week: 1.20(0.90, 1.50) vs 2.86(2.51, 3.21), respectively. Repeated measures ANOVA showed P<0.001, indicating a significant improvement of mucositis grading between propolis and normal saline group.Conclusion: Propolis mouthwash is proved to be effective in reducing the severity of radiotherapyinduced mucositis in NPC patients and it is safe to be used. Therefore, its use is recommended as an adjunct treatment during the treatment protocol of NPC.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue: 2022 Page: S41
TEA to Entertain Outcome Based Education for 21st Century Educators to Produce Safe Human Capitals for a Sustainable Global Development.
Authors: Salam Abdus
Published: April 2022

Abstract not availableInternational Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 02 April’22 Page: 153-154
A Cross Sectional Study on Scaling the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Level of Medical Students During COVID-19 in A Tertiary Level Medical Institution in India
Authors: Nath Anamika , Ropmay Amarantha Donna , Slong Daunipaia , Patowary Amar Jyoti , Ramu Damu Dev Ashis , Jonpelly Ankith , Shankar Kishanth , Das Prabal
Published: April 2022

Background: Social distancing, closure of institutions and lockdown has impacted the minds of all. Medical students are no exception to this.Objective: This study was taken up to find out the level of depression, anxiety and stress of medical students during COVID-19.Methods: It was a crosssectional study done at a tertiary institute for a period of one month in the middle of 2021. An online questionnaire, based on DASS 21 (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale 21) scale, consisted of 7 questions each for each category viz. depression, anxiety and stress. While completing the DASS 21 questionnaire, each individual was required to indicate the presence of a symptom over the previous week. Chi-square test was used to analyze between the categorical variables.Results: Out of 183 study subjects, 16.39% had extremely severe depression, 13.66% extremely severe anxiety and 7.65% extremely severe stress. Development of anxiety with sex (p=0.04), and age (p=0.03), depression with age (p=0.02), development of depression with place of stay (p=0.04), and year of MBBS (p=0.0007) and anxiety with year of MBBS (p=0.0006) were found to be statistically significant.Conclusion: Development of depression, anxiety and stress in medical students must be recognized by the institution and measures for prevention like counselling facilities should be provided.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 02 April’22 Page: 161-167
Factors Associated with COVID-19 Mortality at Setiu District, Terengganu State of Malaysia in 2021
Authors: Ahmad Khan Erwan Ershad , Ahmad Mohd Hanief , Mohamed Kamarul Azhar , Shaari Muhammad Hanif , Embong Kasemani
Published: April 2022

Background: COVID-19 infections caused a range of morbidities and mortalities especially in the high-risk group patients.Objective:To determine the factors associated with COVID-19 related mortality in a population of Malaysia.
A Comparison of Using Oral Misoprostol and Manual Vacuum Aspiration (MVA) in the First Trimester Incomplete Abortion
Authors: Chowdhury Farhana Hyder , Sehar Nazmun , Huda Reaz Mahmud , Alam Mohammad Ashraful , Hossain Md Delwar , Akbar Mohammad Shafiqullah
Published: April 2022

Background: Misoprostol, a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue, may workas an alternative to manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) in incomplete abortion, which is easy to administer orally, andhelps to increase access to post abortion care.Objective: To compare the effectiveness, safety and acceptability by the patients of using oral misoprostol therapy and manual vacuum aspiration technique for the treatment of incomplete abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, between January and July of 2016. A total of 200 patients (women with incomplete abortion ≤12weeks) were enrolled in the study. 100 Patients were randomly selected and treated with oral misoprostol 600mcg (group I), while the other 100 were treated with manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) (group II). They were followed up for 1-3 days before discharge. Participants were asked to return to the clinic for follow-up after 1 week. In follow-up visit, if abortion was not found complete, an immediate surgical evacuation was performed.Results: The mean age of the participants were 28.59±10.44 and 28.24±9.40 in group I and II respectively. In group I, 94% had complete abortion, while 6% had incomplete abortion or continued pregnancy. However, in group II, 100% had complete abortion (P>0.05). Per vaginal normal and heavy bleeding were 35% and 12% in group I, while 9% and 1% in group II respectively (P<0.001). Pain, nausea, vomiting and gastrointestinal issues were more observed in group I than that of group II (P<0.001). However, incidence of fever, headache and vertigo were similar in both groups (P<0.001). In group I, 98% stated that the treatment was ‘satisfactory/very satisfactory’, while in group II, 99% found the procedure ‘satisfactory/very satisfactory’. The difference between the groups is not statistically significant (P>0.05). In group I, 98% stated that they would select this method again, if needed and recommend it to a friend or relative, while in group II, 88% stated that they would choose this method again and 86% would like to recommend to a friend or relative. The difference between the groups is statistically significant (P<0.001).Conclusion: Our data suggest that oral misoprostol therapy can be used effectively ensuring safety and patients’ satisfaction for treatment of incomplete abortion in the first trimester as compared to manual vacuum aspiration technique.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 02 April’22 Page: 173-177
Socio-Economic Status and Health Seeking Behaviour Among the People of Rural Areas of Pangsha Upazila ofRajbari District, Bangladesh
Authors: Sharmin Saida , Sultan Zobayed , Haque Kazi Mahbubul
Published: April 2022

Background: Health seeking behaviour is an important factor in health management. Socioeconomic status is having greater impact on health care utilization especially in developing countries.Objective: To identify the socioeconomic factors of rural community people and their health care seeking behaviour.Methods: The descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in Pangsha upazila of Rajbari district in Bangladesh, between January 2018 and February 2018. A total of 317 purposively selected people were interviewed face to face using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire.Results: In this study, majority 98 (30.91%) of the respondents were within the age group of below 31 years (41.47±15.12). More than two-thirdsi.e. 218 (68.76%) of the respondent was male and majority 205 (64.50%) belonged to nuclear family. Most of the respondents were married 283 (89.00%) and 227 (71.40%) of the respondents were Muslim. Majority 149 (47.00%) of the respondents’ monthly income was between 10000 and 20000 Bangladeshi Taka. Among all respondents, majority 60 (18.92%) people sought treatment for fever. 193 (60.89%) used to visit private health facility. 181 (56.9%) people took treatment by MBBS doctor and 205 (64.50%) of the respondents choose the specific health facility for the reason of better treatment.Conclusion: Health seeking behaviour of people in this study was appreciable. In this study, people received treatment from private health facility. The perception of the people has to be changed to attract them more to government hospitals. It can be done through improving the quality of care, proper maintenance of facilities.Awareness raising activities, and education for health behaviour change are also recommended.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 02 April’22 Page: 188-192
The Correlation between Hemoglobin Levels and Physical Fitness in Teenage Taekwondo Athletes
Authors: Nur Istiqomah Isnanda Putri , Kristiyanto Agus , Ardyanto TonangDwi
Published: April 2022

Background:Taekwondo is a sport which focused on endurance and strengths. In a taekwondo competition, an athlete with low level of physical fitness can cause fatigue due to decreased concentration in athletes during the match and will affectthe athlete’s performance. One of factor which affect the physical fitness of athletes is hemoglobin levels. Low hemoglobin levels in athletes will inflict sports anemia because of lacking of oxygen binding ability and will interfere the oxygen transportation in every part of the cells inside the body.Objective: this study analyze the correlation between hemoglobin levels with physical fitness in teenage taekwondo athletes.Material and Methods: the study was used cross sectional design. The total of samples were 61 respondents and samples randomly selected. The data had collected which hemoglobin levels use cynameth blood test and physical fitness data using MFT (multistage fitness test) running test. Data analysis conducted by using bivariateanalysislike Spearman rank correlation test.Result and Discussion: the result has showed, there is a correlation between hemoglobin levels and physical fitness in taekwondo athletes for teenagers (p=00,27). The r value is 0,431 meansindicatethe strengthofcorrelationbetweenvariablesispositive.Conclusion: there is a correlation between hemoglobin levels and physical fitness in teenage taekwondo athletes.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 02 April’22 Page: 204-207
Bilateral Pleomorphic Ductal Carcinoma Of Breast- A Rare Presentation With Its Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Mandal Meghadipa , Chowdhury Anadi Roy
Published: April 2022

Pleomorphic carcinoma of breast is a rare morphological subtype of Invasive Breast Carcinoma No Special Type (IBC NST), which has histomorphological overlap with other entities. Here we present such a case with bilateral breast involvement in 45 years old nulliparous woman with family history of breast carcinoma. Typical numerous multinucleated cells (>50%) with marked pleomorphism and wide areas of necrosis were histopathological presentation. AE1/AE3 and Vimentin were positive. Ki-67 labelling index was high along with HER2 amplification. Important differentials were IBC NST with Osteoclast-like giant cells, Choriocarcinomatous pattern, metaplastic carcinoma & metastatic disease all of which was ruled out with proper clinical, histological & immunohistochemical approach. Despite the aggressive nature of the neoplasm and presence of adverse prognostic factors, this case responded well with adjuvant chemotherapeutic regimen.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 02 April’22 Page: 213-216
A Rare Cause of Fungal Rhinosinusitis: Exophiala jeanselmai
Authors: Eh Dam V Sha Kri , Ramli Ramiza Ramza
Published: April 2022

Fungal rhinosinusitis (FRS) is a rarely encountered disease; however, the incidence is increasing. It has a strong association with the impaired immune system of the host as well as a suitable environment for fungal growth. Fungal spores are abundant in the surroundings and can enter the nasal airway and the paranasal sinuses (PNS) through inhalation; however, only a small number of patients develop FRS. The primary organisms responsible for FRS are Aspergillus sp., Rhizopus sp., and some of the dematiaceous fungi. We present a case of FRS in an immunosuppressed patient caused by scarce fungal species, Exophiala jeanselmai. This rare fungus has never been reported to be associated with FRS before. They are dematiaceous fungi of low virulence and infection are usually restricted to skin and soft tissue.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 02 April’22 Page: 217-221
Simultaneous idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and labyrinthitis on different side of ear: A rare occasion of acute vestibulopathy lead to delay in management
Authors: Salim Rosdan , Eh Dam V Sha Kri
Published: April 2022

Dizziness and acute vertigo are common presenting complaints in the Emergency Department or primary care setting. The etiology can be broadly divided into peripheral and central vestibular disorders and need to be differentiated expeditiously as management is completely different. Diagnosis of unilateral peripheral vestibular disorder (PVD) is usually straight forward based on clinical bed side examination finding. Diagnosis becomes more challenging when a patient presents with bilateral PVD or concomitant pathologies that can lead to delay in diagnosis and management. We report a case of rare simultaneous idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and labyrinthitis occurring on different side of the ear.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 02 April’22 Page: 222-226
Masking of Possible Dengue Epidemic Due to COVID-19 Pandemic in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Abhigan Babu , Aryal Manjil , Shrestha Sajina
Published: April 2022

COVID-19 had its first outbreak in Wuhan city, China. With its escalating cases, WHO declared it as a pandemic on 11th of March, 2020. Nepal faced the same scenario as other countries. Being a landlocked country, India facing its possible third wave has created a greater concern for Nepal. Along with COVID-19 cases, dengue cases have also been spotted. Nepal is a dengue endemic country with the worst endemic faced in 2019. COVID-19 and dengue share similar clinical and diagnostic features. As of now, all focus is given to control the pandemic, with minimal attention to dengue. This monsoon season, dengue cases are anticipated to increase so, proper attention must be driven towards it. Preparations must be taken to tackle the endemic. Vector surveillance programs and mass awareness should be done, focusing on previous endemic zones. Places lacking rapid diagnostic tests must be supplied with it as soon as possible in order to prevent the untimely diagnosis of dengue or even co-infection which could be more lethal cocktail.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 02 April’22 Page: 227-230
Comparative Analysis of Hexavalent Chromium Biosorption Efficiency Using Dead and Live Aspergillus nomius Biomass
Authors: Guha S. , Debnath S. , Gayen S.
Published: April 2022

Daily industrial activities especially in developing countries produce and discharge wastes containing heavy metals into the water resources making them polluted, threatening human health and the ecosystem. One such heavy metal is Chromium, the hexavalent form of which is extremely toxic and carcinogenic. Biosorption, the process of passive cation binding by dead or living biomass, represents a potentially cost-effective way of eliminating toxic heavy metals from industrial wastewater. The potential of microorganisms to remove metal ions in solution has been extensively studied; in particular, live and dead fungi have been recognized as a promising class of low-cost adsorbents for the removal of heavy metal ions. Fungal biomass has various advantages; hence, it needs to be explored further to take its maximum advantage in wastewater treatment. In this study, we discuss the live and dead fungi characteristics of sorption, factors influencing heavy metal removal. Biosorption studies were performed with both dead and live biomass and the effectiveness of Cr (VI) biosorption was compared for each parameter. It was observed that biosorption was maximum (approximately): 82% while using sulfuric acid as the pre-treatment agent (hence only dead biomass) and also maximum of 96.5% at 1 N. The optimum pH for maximum biosorption was 6 when dead biomass was used, while it was 2 when live biomass was used. Maximum Chromium removal of 86% was obtained using 2 g live biomass whereas 0.5 g of dead biomass was enough to obtain the maximum efficiency.96% chromium was removed at 25° C using dead biomass, whereas, maximum removal of about 84% was obtained when live biomass was used for biosorption and it took place at 35° C. Maximum Cr (VI) removal of about 95% was obtained when dead biomass was used and 69% when live biomass was used, both at 1mg/L metal concentration. 0.5 g of dead biomass in 100 ml, 1 mg/L solution, was optimum for Cr (VI) removal, while for live biomass, maximum Cr (VI) biosorption of 63% was obtained when 1.5 g of it was used in 300 ml solution. It was finally concluded that dead fungal biomass has better biosorption potentials and also some other inherent advantages over live biomass.
NEW INSTRUMENTS FOR CHINA'S COMPETITION FOR LEADERSHIP IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC REGION (THE SPR)
Authors: Karina Igorevna Yarmoshuk
Published: April 2022

This study examines and details the new instruments the PRC is using to compete for leadership with Australia in the South Pacific region. The implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for small island states in the South Pacific are also detailed, including both health and economic risks. In conclusion the author highlights new Chinese instruments of rivalry for leadership in the South Pacific, such as: 1. Vaccine diplomacy, 2. Infrastructure projects, 3. The geopolitical strengthening of China. Although Australia as a middle power cannot economically compete with China, especially in terms of financial investments into infrastructure projects and the strength of its military power, the historically established close ties with island states, articulated shared values, broad-based development assistance and "vaccine diplomacy" are factors of Australia's effectiveness in maintaining its leadership in the South Pacific when competing with China and maintaining the status quo in the subregion nowadays.
THE DRIVING FORCES OF VOLITIONAL QUALITIES
Authors: Fariz Aydin
Published: April 2022

We know that historically, every nation connects its ideas for a happy future, first of all, with the younger generation. Proper upbringing of the young generation is one of the most important and urgent issues for any country. Also, in all countries of the world, young people are one of the main driving forces of socio-economic development, the driving force behind the reforms of society and at the same time the successor of the older generation. Being the most dynamic group in the society, young people take an active part in the socio-political, socio-economic and cultural life and stand at the center of all issues in the country. Generations are changing, countries are developing. However, traditions and national values, upbringing of the young generation in the spirit of patriotism are the key to the well-being of the people and the prosperity of the country to which it belongs. It should be noted that today the proper upbringing of the younger generation is important for the future of the country. In our research, great preference was given to young people. What is the first will in research? What are volitional qualities? We tried to answer questions such as. We talked in detail about the will, voluntary work, as well as the positive and negative volitional qualities formed mainly in young people. At the same time, we considered the role of volitional qualities in human activity, its impact on living conditions, the factors and motives that affect the formation of these qualities. In general, the research focused on national heroes, their volitional qualities and the impact of these qualities on the formation of young people. During the research conducted in accordance with the relevance of the topic, experimental psychological tests and questionnaires were conducted among a certain group of young people.
CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS OF BUILDING THE POSITIONING MANAGEMENT MODEL FOR THE GENERAL EDUCATION INSTITUTION IN THE REGIONAL MARKET OF EDUCATION SERVICES
Authors: Dmytruk Zoia
Published: April 2022

The article deals with the conceptual foundations of building a positioning management model for the general education institution in the regional market of education services. Definitions of such concepts as «model» and «modeling» are considered. The article analyses the domestic and foreign scientists’ researches on the problems of pedagogical processes modeling and regulatory and legal documents that influence the solution of managerial problems in education, in particular to manage the positioning process in general education institution (hereinafter – GEI) in the market of education services. The author identifies certain contradictions between the challenges of the market economy in reforming the education and insufficient formation of managerial actions in the process of GEI positioning in the regional market of education services. The component of the positioning management model for GEI in the regional market of education services which is based on emotions and emotional values, and the factors that must be taken into account when implementing the process of positioning of GEI in the regional market of education services. The author highlighted a strong acting unique position which is formed on emotional (national-patriotic) values and allows an education organization to differentiate from competitors. According to the author it is the emotional (national-patriotic) – spiritual values of the Ukrainian patriot, the principles of Cossack pedagogy and public administration that are at the core of the modern positioning model for the GEI as an open social-public pedagogical system.
estudo do altruísmo na Análise do Comportamento
Authors: Guimarães Renan Kois , Laurenti Carolina
Published: April 2022

Ainda que o altruísmo pareça incompatível com os princípios da Análise do Comportamento, analistas do comportamento estudam esse fenômeno de diversos modos. Esta pesquisa sistematiza artigos analítico-comportamentais sobre o altruísmo. Uma busca foi realizada nas bases de dados PsycINFO, IndexPsi e Scielo, e na Revista Brasileira de Terapia Comportamental e Cognitiva, Revista Brasileira de Análise do Comportamento e na Perspectivas em Análise do Comportamento. As palavras altruísmo e altruísta foram combinadas com termos relacionados à Análise do Comportamento. Foram selecionados e analisados 16 artigos. Os resultados apontaram um maior número de pesquisas básicas do que estudos teóricos e aplicados, com aumento nas publicações a partir de 2001. A discussão sobre altruísmo também acompanha outros debates, principalmente relacionados ao comportamento molar, autocontrole, cooperação e a Teoria Comportamental dos Jogos. Esse aumento das publicações nas últimas décadas sugere a relevância do tema e a possibilidade de ser abordado pela Análise do Comportamento.
Quando o amor não é suficiente
Authors: Muñoz-Martínez Amanda M. , Follette William C.
Published: April 2022

A Psicoterapia Analítica Funcional (FAP) é uma abordagem terapêutica que promove as mudanças comportamentais dos clientes por meio da modificação das contingências de reforçamento, com a função de aumentar a probabilidade de acesso a metas valorosas dos clientes. Isso é feito por reforçamento diferencial de comportamentos dos clientes e treino de discriminação, no qual as melhorias comportamentais são modeladas e naturalmente reforçadas pelo terapeuta. À medida que as terapias evoluem e começam a ser disseminadas, geralmente seus princípios podem ser simplificados e a linguagem tornada mais atraente para aqueles que adotam as novas técnicas. Este artigo levanta duas questões de interesse que ocorreram quando a disseminação da FAP ganhou mais impulso. Embora noções de ciência básica por trás da FAP incluam conceitos como discriminação de estímulo, responder e reforçamento diferencial, estes termos elementares foram reformulados como consciência, coragem e amor. Este artigo foca em dois problemas que podem resultar do uso do termo “amor” como representante para o reforçamento diferencial e positivo. Primeiro, o “amor” é problemático porque o uso do termo traz consigo uma história cultural que pode ser confusa para terapeutas e clientes, criando riscos éticos. Segundo, “amor” como um termo representante para o reforço é inadequado porque não implica as complexidades de reforço diferencial, da modelagem, e da punição com reforçamento diferencial de outras respostas no contexto do ambiente clínico.
Efeito de perguntas abertas e fechadas na correspondência verbal em um jogo de cartas
Authors: Medeiros Carlos Augusto , Demoly Patricia de Matos
Published: April 2022

Foi investigada a influência de perguntas abertas (PA) e fechadas (PF) sobre a correspondência verbal em um jogo de cartas no qual distorcer relatos aumentava as chances de vitória. Seis participantes jogaram duas partidas em PA e duas em PF. Além de relatar o valor da carta comprada a cada rodada, eles deveriam relatar se tinham uma carta (i.e., carta trunfo) descrita pelo experimentador (PF) ou meramente descrever a sua carta (PA). Quem relatasse possuir ou descrevesse a carta trunfo, venceria a rodada. Relatos foram checados e as distorções foram punidas em 17% das rodadas determinadas por um dado virtual. Cinco participantes apresentaram relatos distorcidos quanto à carta trunfo e o fizeram mais frequentemente em PF, dando indícios da influência do tipo de pergunta na correspondência verbal. Embora os resultados apontem para uma frequência maior de distorções em PF, estes ainda precisam ser replicados em situações naturais.
Avaliação do controle social no comportamento governado por regras ou modelado por contingências
Authors: De Meneses Freitas Letícia , Meira Naiara Morais , Modenesi Rafael
Published: April 2022

Estudos sobre comportamento governado por regras tem avaliado o efeito do controle social sobre a sensibilidade do comportamento às mudanças de contingências após diferentes histórias de aprendizagem (por regras ou contingências). Este estudo replicou sistematicamente Cortez e dos Reis (2008) incluindo o monitoramento durante a realização da tarefa. Oito universitários realizaram uma tarefa de matching-to-sample. Deveriam responder sob controle de estímulos instrucionais (palavras faladas pelo pesquisador VEK e ZID), que exigiam a escolha do comparação semelhante ao modelo ou diferente. Na Fase 1, quatro participantes passaram por treino de aprendizagem por contingências (instruções mínimas) e quatro por aprendizagem por regras (instrução completa). Fase 2 foi dividida: Blocos 1 e 3, instrução era correspondente; Blocos 2 e 4, instrução discrepante. Sete dos oito participantes atingiram o critério na Fase 1 e responderam sob controle das contingências na Fase 2. Dessa foram, não foi observado o efeito do controle social no seguimento de regras.
Utilizando o Go-IRAP para mensurar vieses raciais em policiais
Authors: Pereira Midiã de Souza , Santos Bruna Colombo dos
Published: April 2022

O racismo é um fenômeno a respeito do qual se tem desenvolvido diversos estudos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi verificar a ocorrência de vieses raciais no campo da Segurança Pública. Participaram do estudo quinze Policiais Militares do município de Feira de Santana. Foram utilizados como instrumentos um questionário de conceituação e o software Go-IRAP desenvolvido para medir responder relacional implícito. O software apresentava três blocos de teste e máximo de quatro blocos de treino. Nos blocos, havia apresentação de um estímulo modelo (a frase “Brancos são” ou “Negros são”) e abaixo, estímulos alvo (palavras positivas ou negativas). Os resultados evidenciaram um viés pró-negro nos participantes da pesquisa. A pequena amostra de participantes dificultou as análises dos dados, e conferiu pouca robustez às análises possíveis. Estimula-se que pesquisas futuras sejam realizadas nesse âmbito com amostras maiores.