bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends in Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Intracranial and Spinal Pathologies
Authors: Agrawal Mohit , Mishra Sandeep , Garg Kanwaljeet , Ranjan Manish , Kasper Ekkehard , Rezai Ali , Agrawal Deepak , Singh Manmohan , Kale Shashank S
Published: August 2023

There is a plethora of papers on the role of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in various benign and malignant intracranial tumors, and it is possible to overlook the most important and landmark studies. Thus, the necessity of citation analysis arises, which reviews the most cited articles and recognizes the impact made by these articles. Utilizing the 100 most cited articles describing the use of SRS for intracranial and spinal pathologies, this article aims to provide meaningful information regarding the historical trends and recent directions in which this field is headed. We performed a search of the Web of Science database using the keywords “stereotactic radiosurgery,” “gamma knife,” “GKRS,” “gamma knife radiosurgery,” “LINAC,” and “Cyberknife” on May 14, 2022. Our search retrieved a total of 30,652 articles published between the years 1968 and 2017. The top 100 cited articles were arranged in descending order based on citation count (CC) and citation per year (CY). The journal with the largest number of publications as well as citation count was the International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics (n = 33), followed by Journal of Neurosurgery (n = 25). The most cited article was authored by Andrews, which was published in 2004 in The Lancet (1699 CC, 89.42 CY). Flickinger, with 25 papers and 7635 total citations, was the author with the highest impact. Lunsford, with 25 publications and total citations of 7615, was a close second. The USA was the leading country with the maximum number of total citations (n = 23,054). Ninety-two articles described the use of SRS for intracranial pathologies (metastases, n = 38; AVM, n = 16; vestibular schwannoma, n = 9; meningioma, n = 8; trigeminal neuralgia, n = 6; sellar lesion, n = 2; glioma, n = 2; functional, n = 1; and procedure related, n = 10). Eight studies describing spinal radiosurgery were included, out of which four were on spinal metastases. Citation analyses of the top 100 articles revealed that the focus of research in the field of SRS started with functional neurosurgery and progressed to benign intracranial tumors and AVMs. More recently, central nervous system (CNS) metastases have received the maximum attention with 38 articles, including 14 randomized controlled trials finding a place in the top 100 cited articles. Presently, the use of SRS is concentrated in developed countries. Efforts need to be made for more widespread use in developing nations to bring the maximum possible benefits of this focused noninvasive treatment to a wider population.
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery in Partially Embolised Arteriovenous Malformations
Authors: Nadeem Mohammed , Shah Keyur , Modi Mehul , Deora Harsh , Bhanumathi G , Jeeva B , Prabhuraj A R , Arimappamagan Arivazhagan , Rao K V L Narasinga , Somanna Sampath , Srinivas Dwarakanath
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

The role of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) in partially embolized arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) has always remained a subject of debate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of GKRS in partially embolized AVMs and to analyze factor that influence its obliteration.

Methods:

This was a retrospective study from a single institute performed over a period of 12 years (2005–2017). It included all patients who underwent GKRS for partially embolized AVMs. Demographic characteristics, treatment profiles, and clinical and radiological data were obtained during treatment and follow-up. Obliteration rates and factors affecting the same were sought and analyzed.

Results:

A total of 46 patients with a mean age of 30 years (range: 9–60 years) were included in the study. Follow-up imaging was available for 35 patients either by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We found complete AVM obliteration in 21 patients (60%): one had near total obliteration (>90% obliteration), 12 had subtotal obliteration (<90%), and one had no change in the volume following GKRS. Following embolization alone, an average of 67% of the AVM volume was obliterated which resulted in an average 79% final obliteration rate after Gamma Knife radiosurgery. Mean duration to complete obliteration was found to be 3.45 years (range: 1–10 years). There was a significant difference (P = 0.04) in the mean interval between embolization and GKRS among cases with complete obliteration (12 months) and those with incomplete obliteration (36 months). There was no significant difference (P = 0.49) in the average obliteration rate between the ARUBA-eligible unruptured AVMs (79.22%) and ruptured AVMs (79.04%). Bleeding after GKRS during the latency period had a negative impact on obliteration (P = 0.05). Other factors like age, sex, Spetzler-Martin (SM)-grade, Pollock Flickinger score (PF-score), nidus volume, radiation dose, or presentation before embolization had no significant influence on obliteration. Three patients had permanent neurological deficits after embolization and none after radiosurgery. Six out of nine patients (66%) presenting with seizures were seizure-free after the treatment. Hemorrhage was noted in three patients following combined treatment and were managed non-surgically.

Conclusion:

Obliteration rates in partially embolized AVM after Gamma Knife are inferior when compared to Gamma Knife alone; moreover with volume staging and/or dose staging being increasingly plausible due to the new ICON machine, embolization may be completely replaced. However we have shown that in complicated and carefully chosen AVMs, embolization followed by GKRS is a valid modality of management. This study represents a real-world picture of individualized AVM treatment depending on patient choices and resources available.
Analysis of Risk Factors for Epilepsy after Combined Re-Vascularization in Adult Patients with Moyamoya Disease
Authors: Liu Erheng , Jin Lide , Tao Weihua , Tan Xueyi , Liu Chengyuan , Zhou Shuai , Huang Shengquan , Qian Xiying , Zhao Jianhua , Li Xuehua , Yang Shuaifeng
Published: August 2023

Background and Objective:

Re-vascularization is an effective treatment for moyamoya disease (MMD) patients, including direct re-vascularization, indirect re-vascularization and combined re-vascularization, in which combined re-vascularization is particularly widely used. At present, there are few reports on the analysis of epilepsy after combined re-vascularization surgery. To analysis the risk factors of epilepsy in adult MMD patients after combined re-vascularization.

Material and Methods:

Patients with MMD who underwent combined re-vascularization in the Department of Neurosurgery of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from January 2015 to June 2020 were included. Their pre-operative and post-operative complication-related indicators were collected. Finally, logistic regression was used to analyze the clinical risk factors of epilepsy in MMD patients after operation.

Results:

The incidence of epilepsy after combined re-vascularization was 15.5%. Univariate analysis showed that pre-operative ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, pre-operative epilepsy, pre-operative history of diabetes, the location of the bypass recipient artery (frontal or temporal lobe), post-operative new cerebral infarction, hyper-perfusion syndrome, and post-operative intra-cranial hemorrhage were the clinical risk factors of epilepsy in MMD patients (all P < 0.05). Multi-variate logistic regression analysis showed that pre-operative epilepsy, the location of the bypass recipient artery, new cerebral infarction, hyper-perfusion syndrome, and post-operative intra-cranial hemorrhage (all P < 0.05) were independent risk factors for post-operative epilepsy in MMD patients.

Conclusions:

Pre-operative epilepsy, the location of the bypass recipient artery, new cerebral infarction, hyper-perfusion syndrome, and intra-cranial hemorrhage may have a causal relationship with epilepsy in adult MMD patients. It is suggested that some risk factors could be intervened to reduce the incidence of post-operative epilepsy in MMD patients.
Can Serum Magnesium Level and Visual Evoked Potentials (P100) be a Predictive in Migraineurs?
Authors: Shenoy Nisha N , Gheewala Gaurang K , Kedambadi Rakshith , Pai Shivanand , Zulfikli K Misri , Naidu Ramesh , Pai Rohit , Daruwala Feral
Published: August 2023

Background and Objective:

Few dating back, the role of visual evoked potentials changes and reduced level of intracellular magnesium have appeared in migraine patients both throughout the attacks and in the interictal periods. Moreover, there is a lack of evidence regarding the correlation between magnesium levels and visual evoked potentials. To assess the changes in the levels of magnesium in migraineurs compared to a healthy control group is our prime intention. Also, to correlate serum magnesium levels with visual evoked potentials changes within the migraineurs is a secondary part of the study.

Materials and Methods:

After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria as per the study protocol, in total, 80 subjects were enrolled in the study. Of which 40 were migraineurs diagnosed as per the International Headache Society criteria for severe migraine headache. Rest of 40 was nonmigraineurs served as a control group of the study. All included patient was submitted to demographic profile, previous history of the disease and drug intake, thorough clinical investigation and baseline laboratory parameters. Apart from this, the measurement of visual evoked potentials changes (4th block) and magnesium levels were done as per our standard operating procedures.

Results:

In migraineurs, serum total Mg level was considerably lower compared to the control group (1.79 ± 0.14 mg/dl versus 2.10 ± 0.17 mg/dl, P < 0.0001) and amplitude of P100 (P < 0.0001) was negatively correlated to reduced serum Mg level (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions:

As expected, both elevated visual evoked potential amplitude and reduced level of brain magnesium can be a demonstration of neuronal hyperexcitability of the optic pathways associated with a dropped threshold for migraine attacks.
Extra-Axial Third Ventriculostomy Through Lamina Terminalis with Multiple Cisternostomies – Rescue Surgery for Patients with Failed Shunt Surgeries and Hydrocephalus
Authors: Velho Vernon , Kharosekar Hrushikesh , Bhide Anuj , Bhople Laxmikant , Survashe Pravin
Published: August 2023

Background and Aim:

Contemporary management of hydrocephalus involves various modes of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion, including shunt surgery and endoscopic ventriculostomy. However, there are times when either of these procedures have either failed or are not feasible. Highly invasive procedures aimed at internal CSF have been described previously, which, with the aid of modern microsurgical techniques, can be attempted in cases with very limited options. Our aim was to study the utility of extra-axial third ventriculostomy via lamina terminalis fenestration with multiple cisternostomies in the treatment of failed hydrocephalus.

Materials and Methods:

Forty-five patients with hydrocephalus were operated for extra-axial trans-lamina terminalis third ventriculostomy with multiple cisternostomies from January 2017 to January 2019. A minimally invasive supraorbital craniotomy was performed with subfrontal fenestration of the lamina terminalis and trans-lamina terminalis fenestration of the floor of the third ventricle with multiple cisternostomies including the optico-carotid cistern and opening of the Liliequist membrane.

Results:

Tuberculous meningitis was the most common etiology in the series, and multiple shunt procedures and incompatible CSF profiles were the most common reasons that necessitated this alternate rescue procedure. At a mean follow-up of 6 months, no patient required a revision shunt surgery. There was one death due to cardiac failure with anasarca, unrelated to the procedure.

Conclusions:

Extra-axial trans-lamina terminalis ventriculostomy with cisternostomies can safely be performed using minimally invasive micro-neurosurgical techniques, adding to the armamentarium of neurosurgeons in the management of complex cases of hydrocephalus.
A Role of β2-Adrenoreceptor Agonists Related to the Development of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Jung Dain , Kwak Do Won , Kim Minki , Lee Woong-Woo
Published: August 2023

Background:

Several studies have suggested the potential protective role of β2-adrenoreceptor agonist (β2AR-agonist) on the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, those could not reflect a different epidemiologic background in eastern countries. We explored β2AR-agonist's effect on PD development by controlling for smoking.

Materials and Methods:

We used the Korean national sample cohort data (from 2002 to 2013) containing 1,025,340 participants (2.2% of the whole population). The subjects over 60 years were included. PD was defined based on the ICD-10 code, which should be diagnosed by neurologists. Atypical Parkinsonisms or ataxic disorders were excluded. We made Set 1 (from 2003 to 2007) and Set 2 (from 2003 to 2008) based on the exposure period for the sensitivity analysis. We observed whether PD had developed during the follow-up periods in each subset.

Results:

The PD (Set 1, n = 742; Set 2, n = 699) and non-PD group (Set 1, n = 57,645; Set 2, n = 66,586) were collected. Old age, Medicaid, and asthma were risk factors, whereas smoking was a significant protective factor for PD development. The proportion of β2AR-agonist use was significantly higher in the PD group than in the non-PD group (Set 1, 3.6% vs. 2.4%; Set 2, 4.1% vs. 2.6%). β2AR-agonist use still was a risk factor in developing PD from the multiple logistic regression analysis.

Conclusions:

β2-AR-agonist looked like a risk factor rather than a protective factor for PD development. Well-controlled studies reflecting various epidemiologic backgrounds are required to confirm the role of β2AR-agonist.
Values of Nitric Oxide and Superoxide Dismutase in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Djordjevic Gordana , Milosevic Vuk , Ljubisavljevic Srdjan , Stojanovic Ivana , Stojanov Aleksandar
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

Neurons are highly energy-dependent and highly specialized cells, showing great sensitivity to oxidative stress (OS). Nitric oxide (NO) and its oxidation products play a central role in neurodegeneration. This study aimed to contribute to the further elucidation of the role of OS in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Methods:

We assessed NO and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 24 sporadic ALS (sALS) patients (13 of them presented with spinal form while 11 patients had bulbar form) and 20 controls (CG).

Results:

The obtained SOD levels in sALS patients were lower than those in CG (p < 0.001), while NO showed higher levels compared to CG (p < 0.001). Observed separately, there were no significant differences in the levels of NO and SOD in CSF between patients about their clinical presentations (p > 0.05). There were significant negative correlations between SOD and NO levels in all sALS patients (r = 0.31, P = 0.025). Significant correlation between SOD and functional rating scale as well as disease progression index was recorded in patients with sALS (r = 0.618. r = 0.425, P < 0.01), while NO levels were significantly associated with disease progression only (r = 0.348, P < 0.01).

Conclusion:

The data presented clearly support the role of impaired oxidant/antioxidant balance in the pathogenesis of ALS, where NO overproduction and decreased SOD defense activity seem to be particularly involved. The CSF SOD and NO level might serve as useful biomarkers for functional disorder and progression of the disease.
A rare diagnosis of renal replacement lipomatosis
Authors: Dasgupta Rajnandini , Das Chandan J , Gupta Amit
Published: August 2023

Renal replacement lipomatosis (RRL) is a rare, benign entity characterized by marked fat proliferation within the renal sinus and perinephric space. We present images of a patient with RRL.
Comparison Between Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio As Predictors of Mortality on Fournier’s Gangrene Cases
Authors: Wirjopranoto Soetojo
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

Fournier’s gangrene (FG) is an infection of the subcutaneous tissue and fascia that progresses quickly and leads to necrosis. It is more prevalent in male patients and immunocompromised individuals, such as those suffering from uncontrolled diabetes. It has a high mortality rate, which makes its early identification and clinical suspicion critical. This study aimed to compare two laboratory parameters, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and to predict the mortality of FG in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods:

In a retrospective study, data was retrieved from medical records for the period from January 2014 to December 2020, of patients diagnosed with FG. Recorded data that is age, sex, comorbidities, mortality, and laboratory results (PLR and NLR) were used to assess determinants of survival.

Results:

There were 23 (17.04%) nonsurvivors among the 135 subjects studied. The mean age was 50.9 ± 14.9 years and men were 103 (83%) patients. Among the participants, diabetes mellitus was the most frequent comorbidity at 74 (54.81%) patients. NLR ≥8 was statistically significant (P = 0.013) for identifying mortality, while PLR >140 was not. In multivariate analysis, NLR ≥8 was found to be a reliable predictor of the FG mortality rate (adjusted odds ratio 12.062, confidence interval 95% 2.115–68.778, P = 0.005).

Conclusion:

NLR had prognosis predictive value for FG, whereas PLR did not.
Extranodal Rosai–Dorfman disease
Authors: Bhargava Priyank , Choudhary Gautam Ram , Elhence Poonam , Jena Rahul
Published: August 2023

A 29-year-old female presented with the history of pain in the abdomen and a palpable lump in the right hypochondrium, lumbar, and the umbilical regions for the past 2 months. On evaluation with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and positron emission tomography CT, she was found to have a heterogeneously enhancing mass entirely replacing the mid and the lower pole of the right kidney, the pelvis, and the upper ureter with loss of fat planes with the inferior vena cava, psoas muscle, and the hepatic flexure, along with pericardial deposits and soft tissue lesions at multiple paravertebral regions and the right thigh. Owing to a high suspicion of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), a right cytoreductive nephrectomy was performed. Histopathology revealed extranodal Rosai–Dorfman disease, which was mimicking a metastatic RCC on imaging. The patient was started on oral steroids to control the distant lesions and to prevent progression of the disease and is doing well at follow up.
Early and late complications of suprapubic cystostomy – Report of two cases
Authors: Murugesan Anandan , Madhavan Devdas
Published: August 2023

Suprapubic cystostomy (SPC), although a common procedure, may be associated with complications. We present two cases of transperitoneal tract of SPC. The early complication was ileal perforation, resulting in perforation peritonitis and late complication was incisional hernia around the SPC tract. Avoiding peritoneal violation helps in preventing such complications.
Evaluation of hepatic hemangioma in patients with cherry angioma
Authors: Dalili AmirReza , Rafiei Rana , Mirahmadi SeyyedMahmood , Darjani Abbas , Alizadeh Narges , Nejad Kaveh Gharaei , Eftekhari Hojat , Rafiei Elahe
Published: August 2023

Background

Cutaneous cherry angioma (CA) and hepatic hemangioma (HH) are the most common types of acquired vascular proliferations that develop during aging process with unknown etiologies. The role of angiogenic and hormonal factors has been proposed in inducing these vascular lesions.

Objective

To compare the frequency of HH in persons with and without CA.

Patients and methods

This case–control study consisted of 160 patients including 80 patients with CA and 80 patients without CA. Sex, age, history of contraceptive pills intake, number of pregnancies, BMI, number of the CA lesions, and liver ultrasound findings were collected for all participants.

Results

HH was detected significantly more frequently in the participants with CA (P<0.001), but there was no significant association between number of CA and number of HH (P=0.837). History of oral contraceptive pill intake was significantly more frequent in women with HH, but this history was not significantly more frequent in women with CA compared with control group.

Conclusion

HH was significantly more frequent in participants with CA. Thus, CA may be a cutaneous marker for HH.
Assessment of dental malocclusion and soft-tissue features among children with special needs in the Western UP region: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Bhatt Renuka , Chandna Anil Kumar , Bhandari Ravi , Bhattacharya Preeti , Singh Shivani , Gupta Ankur
Published: August 2023

Aims:

Assessment of dental malocclusion and soft-tissue features among children with special needs and their correlation with normal children.

Subjects and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was carried out among 128 children (63 special health-care needs children and 65 normal children), between 8 and 18 years of age. Two special schools (Vatsalya and Jeevandhara) were included in the study for case group and two local schools (one government and one private) were included in the study for control group. Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need was used to measure the malocclusion. To assess and compare various facial features, extra-oral photographs were taken from two different views (frontal and side).

Statistical Analysis Used:

Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Chi-square test, with keeping level of significance at P < 0.05.

Results:

The result of the present study demonstrated a significant difference between the study and control group with respect to overjet, caries, stains and calculus, soft-tissue facial profile, lip competency, and Korkhaus lip step. Soft-tissue comparison demonstrated facial asymmetry; lip incompetency was more prevalent in the study group compared to the control group. Overall, it was concluded that malocclusion was more prevalent in the study group compared to their counterparts.

Conclusions:

Malocclusion was more prevalent in children with disability compared to their counterparts. On clinical examination, a significant difference in relation to overjet, caries and stains, and calculus was observed, whereas a significant difference on soft-tissue examination was observed in facial profile, lip competency, and Korkhaus lip step in the study group compared to normal children.
Establishing and Operationalizing COVID Hospitals
Authors: Bobdey Saurabh , Koshy George , Yadav Arun Kumar
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

During COVID-19 pandemic to cater for increase number of cases, the government set up various COVID-19 hospital. Herein, we describe the challenges in establishing and operationalising COVID hospitals from public health professionals' point of view.

Methods:

The article describes the different type of infrastructure available at different site. Since there was different type of settings, there were different types of public health problems associated with all of these. Problems were analysed in an narrative manner in the article.

Results:

The public health problem were described under infection prevention and control, Bio Medical waste, Solid waste management, Mosquito menace, water and sewage system, Mortuary services, manpower management and training, and monitoring mechanism.

Conclusion:

The possible issues which could have created major health were anticipated and corrective action were taken well in time. Continued risk communication and training is of paramount importance in controlling not just COVID-19 but any communicable disease.
Diagnostic conundrums of schwannomas: two cases highlighting morphological extremes and diagnostic challenges in biopsy specimens of soft tissue tumors
Authors: Kim Chankyung , Chung Yang-Guk , Jung Chan Kwon
Published: August 2023

Schwannomas are benign, slow-growing peripheral nerve sheath tumors commonly occurring in the head, neck, and flexor regions of the extremities. Although most schwannomas are easily diagnosable, their variable morphology can occasionally create difficulty in diagnosis. Reporting pathologists should be aware that schwannomas can exhibit a broad spectrum of morphological patterns. Clinical and radiological examinations can show correlation and should be performed, in conjunction with ancillary tests, when appropriate. Furthermore, deferring a definitive diagnosis until excision may be necessary for small biopsy specimens and frozen sections. This report underscores these challenges through examination of two unique schwannoma cases, one predominantly cellular and the other myxoid, both of which posed significant challenges in histological interpretation.
Vascular complications of chronic pancreatitis and its management
Authors: Walia Dinesh , Saraya Anoop , Gunjan Deepak
Published: August 2023

Tumour rupture of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) has been considered to be a remarkable risk factor because of its unfavourable impact on the oncological outcome. Although tumour rupture has not yet been included in the current tumor-node-metastasis classification of GISTs as a prognostic factor, it may change the natural history of a low-risk GIST to a high-risk GIST. Originally, tumour rupture was defined as the spillage or fracture of a tumour into a body cavity, but recently, new definitions have been proposed. These definitions distinguished from the prognostic point of view between the major defects of tumour integrity, which are considered tumour rupture, and the minor defects of tumour integrity, which are not considered tumour rupture. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that the risk of disease recurrence in R1 patients is largely modulated by the presence of tumour rupture. Therefore, after excluding tumour rupture, R1 may not be an unfavourable prognostic factor for GISTs. Additionally, after the standard adjuvant treatment of imatinib for GIST with rupture, a high recurrence rate persists. This review highlights the prognostic value of tumour rupture in GISTs and emphasizes the need to carefully take into account and minimize the risk of tumour rupture when choosing surgical strategies for GISTs.
Enhanced recovery nursing and mental health education on postoperative recovery and mental health of laparoscopic liver resection
Authors: Li Dong-Xia , Ye Wei , Yang Yi-Lu , Zhang Lei , Qian Xiang-Jun , Jiang Ping-Hua
Published: August 2023

Tumour rupture of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) has been considered to be a remarkable risk factor because of its unfavourable impact on the oncological outcome. Although tumour rupture has not yet been included in the current tumor-node-metastasis classification of GISTs as a prognostic factor, it may change the natural history of a low-risk GIST to a high-risk GIST. Originally, tumour rupture was defined as the spillage or fracture of a tumour into a body cavity, but recently, new definitions have been proposed. These definitions distinguished from the prognostic point of view between the major defects of tumour integrity, which are considered tumour rupture, and the minor defects of tumour integrity, which are not considered tumour rupture. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that the risk of disease recurrence in R1 patients is largely modulated by the presence of tumour rupture. Therefore, after excluding tumour rupture, R1 may not be an unfavourable prognostic factor for GISTs. Additionally, after the standard adjuvant treatment of imatinib for GIST with rupture, a high recurrence rate persists. This review highlights the prognostic value of tumour rupture in GISTs and emphasizes the need to carefully take into account and minimize the risk of tumour rupture when choosing surgical strategies for GISTs.
Prognostic scores in primary biliary cholangitis patients with advanced disease
Authors: Feng Juan , Xu Jia-Min , Fu Hai-Yan , Xie Nan , Bao Wei-Min , Tang Ying-Mei
Published: August 2023

Tumour rupture of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) has been considered to be a remarkable risk factor because of its unfavourable impact on the oncological outcome. Although tumour rupture has not yet been included in the current tumor-node-metastasis classification of GISTs as a prognostic factor, it may change the natural history of a low-risk GIST to a high-risk GIST. Originally, tumour rupture was defined as the spillage or fracture of a tumour into a body cavity, but recently, new definitions have been proposed. These definitions distinguished from the prognostic point of view between the major defects of tumour integrity, which are considered tumour rupture, and the minor defects of tumour integrity, which are not considered tumour rupture. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that the risk of disease recurrence in R1 patients is largely modulated by the presence of tumour rupture. Therefore, after excluding tumour rupture, R1 may not be an unfavourable prognostic factor for GISTs. Additionally, after the standard adjuvant treatment of imatinib for GIST with rupture, a high recurrence rate persists. This review highlights the prognostic value of tumour rupture in GISTs and emphasizes the need to carefully take into account and minimize the risk of tumour rupture when choosing surgical strategies for GISTs.
Different Modes of Communicating Geometric Shapes, through a Game, in Kindergarten
Authors: Skoumpourdi Chrysanthi
Published: August 2023

Kindergarten children's (5-6 years old) ability to communicate geometric shapes, to their classmates, in different modes "verbally, gesturally, schematically" through a game, was investigated. The game motivated the children to describe the shapes in the different modes, by emerging children's thinking process, communication capacity as well as their ability to transmit the surface-visual images of shapes to oral language, to gesticulations and to schematisations. Gestures, as well as written schematisations did not serve as a compliment of speech but on their own and contributed to the identification of the shapes. Both defining and non-defining features of the shapes were expressed in all three modes.
Steel, Corrosion-Resistant, Bars Forgings and Forging Stock 17Cr (0.60 - 0.75C) (440A)
Authors:   AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Published: August 2023

This specification covers a corrosion-resistant steel in the form of bars, forgings, and forging stock.
Night Vision Imaging Systems (NVIS) Integrally Illuminated Information Panels
Authors:   A-20A Crew Station Lighting
Published: August 2023

This document is intended to highlight critical design issues that a panel designer should understand when designing panels for NVIS applications. It is not intended to be a discussion of the benefits of one lighting technology versus another. Refer to ARP4168 for a more complete discussion of these lighting technologies.
Gas Turbine Engine Performance Presentation for Computer Programs
Authors:   S-15 Gas Turbine Perf Simulation Nomenclature and Interfaces
Published: August 2023

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) provides the method for presentation of gas turbine engine steady-state and transient performance calculated using computer programs. It also provides for the presentation of parametric gas turbine data including performance, weight, and dimensions computed by computer programs.

This standard is intended to facilitate calculations by the program user without unduly restricting the method of calculation used by the program supplier. This standard is applicable, but not limited to, the following program types: data reduction, steady-state, transient, preliminary design, study, specification, status, and parametric programs.
Starter Motor Application Considerations
Authors:   Vehicle EE System Diagnostics Steering Committee
Published: August 2023

This SAE Recommended Practice identifies some basic and general conditions that should be considered when making electrical starter motor applications.
Personal Watercraft - Display of Capacity Information
Authors:   Personal Watercraft Committee
Published: August 2023

This SAE Recommended Practice establishes uniform requirements and guidelines for the display of capacity information of personal watercraft.
Badanie oglądaniem
Authors: Składzień Jacek
Published: August 2023

Learning how to perform an examination of a patient, we have to collect an anamnesis according to the principles of propaedeutics (main ailments, previous course of the disease and ailments from other organs). Next the researcher has to perform a visual examination of the patient and furthermore palpation, percussion, speculum, etc. These examinations have the fundamental value of an objective examination. Then we may perform additional tests (e.g. imaging, enzymatic tests and others). Therefore, in a narrative form, I would try to remind readers of the importance of attentive and thorough examination of the patients.
How sound is experiences in deaf/Deaf practice? On sound emancipatory strategies
Authors: Dunaj Magdalena
Published: August 2023

The paper aims to answer how deaf/Deaf practice inferred the sound. The author analyses the Reddit discussion on deaf experiences with sound. Using Steven Feld’s concept of acoustemology, which is one’s sonic way of knowing and being in the world, the author discusses the meaning of sound in the deaf/Deaf epistemological experience. The sound is a pharmacon. For the deaf/Deaf, the sound brings both positive and negative, expected and unexpected. Ernesto Laclau’s term of emancipation is used to explain how d/Deaf sound practices entail this ambiguity. The author describes four sound emancipatory strategies: expect unexpected, sound management, fabrication of sound, and semiosis. The deafness condition breaks down the perfect ideas of sound and silence, placing us in the sound continuum. Sound is perceivable, but the significance it brings is sometimes debatable. Sound emancipatory strategies enable d/Deaf people to tell their own story of experiencing sound, take control over the sound and show their expertise on it, free their hearing process, and break speech hegemony.
Transgressive Automatons. Re-Visioning the Cyborg in Larissa Lai’s Rachel
Authors: Podruczna Agnieszka
Published: August 2023

The article aims to analyze the ways in which Larissa Lai, in her short story Rachel, appropriates and racializes the figure of the cyborg by re-visioning and retelling the story of one of the most iconic characters in the history of cinema, the android Rachael from Ridley Scott’s Blade Runner (and, by extension, her literary predecessor).

Using postcolonial theory as well as theory of science fiction as the primary methodological frameworks, the article demonstrates how – by infusing the character of Rachael/Rachel with a hybrid identity – Lai engages in a discussion concerning race, belonging, and the power struggle between the central and the peripheral. This struggle, in turn, is embodied by the liminality of the cyborg, who may be interpreted as a metaphor for all that eludes (and actively rejects) the colonial Self–Other binary. This, in turn, highlights the tensions accompanying the intrusion of the peripheral into the hegemonic and allows for a more in-depth discussion of the processes concerning negotiation of identity.

Moreover, the paper focuses on the way in which Lai constructs the metaphor of the Othered, racialized cyborg in order to deconstruct the notion of the cyborg perceived as a neutral (i.e. white) entity, writing against the hegemonic canon. In this way, the racialized cyborg stands as the symbol of transgression, rebellion and rejection of the center/periphery dichotomy, one which eschews the (neo)colonial binaries and becomes a source of anxiety for the hegemonic discourse.
DÖRT BACAKLI KEŞİF ROBOTUNUN PROTOTİP TASARIMI VE ÜÇ BOYUTLU (3B) YAZICI İLE İMALATI
Authors: TANYILDIZI Alper Kadir
Published: August 2023

Dört bacaklı robotlar, çeviklik, dengeli hareket ve farklı zorlu arazi şartlarına uyum sağlama yetenekleri nedeni ile keşif, arama kurtarma, tarım, inşaat ve askeri alanlarda büyük ilgi görmektedir. Ayaklı robotlara her alandan uzmanın ilgisi artarken, araştırmacılar uygun maliyetli ve yüksek manevra yetenekli robotlar geliştirmek adına çalışmalarını sürdürmektedirler. Bu çalışma, dört bacaklı bir 12 serbestlik dereceli bir robotun tasarımı, 3 boyutlu yazıcıda üretilmesi ve ileri kinematik analizine ait detaylar sunulmuştur. Robotun üç boyutlu modeli SolidWorks programında modellenmiş ve sonrasında parça modelleri 3 boyutlu baskı teknolojisi kullanılarak PLA malzemeden imal edilmiştir. Robotun her bir bacağı üç serbestlik dereceli olup, aktuatör olarak DC servo motorlar kullanılmıştır. Robotun denge ve yörünge kontrol yazılımları Arduino Mega gömülü sistem kartı üzerinde geliştirilmiştir. Robot uzaktan kumanda edilmektedir ve üzerinde yer alan RGB kamera sayesinde çevresel algılama da yapabilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın, düşük bütçeli ve kolayca imal edilebilir dört ayaklı bir robota ihtiyaç duyan araştırmacılara yol göstermesi açısından akademik çalışmalara katkıda bulunması hedeflenmiştir.
Utilizing Drying Techniques to Enhance The Quality of Avocados and Bananas For Producing Value-Added Fruit Powders in Alanya, Turkey's Plantations: A Systematic Review
Authors: LEE Kelly , PRAVİNATA Linda , AKTAR Tugba
Published: August 2023

The high perishability of bananas and avocados causes a loss in quality and value. With the aim of the Turkish government to increase production to meet its exportation demands, consequences of losses is expected to amplify. Therefore, this review aims to provide an overview on the potential of using drying as a preservation method to produce fruit powders and also to evaluate the effects of drying on the physicochemical properties and colour of the powders as a consumer acceptability parameter. The review initially collated 893 results from databases and the utilization of search engines. 30 articles were selected for qualitative assessment. Results showed convective, vacuum, freeze and spray drying produced powders with acceptable moisture content (
Quantifying Downside Risk in Euro Area Stock Markets: A Value at Risk Study
Authors: Ghulam Younis Ahmed , Joo Bashir Ahmad
Published: August 2023

The present research paper aims to assess and quantify the downside risk of Euro Area stock markets using the Value at Risk (VaR) methodology over a substantial time frame spanning 26 years. The study employs daily closing price data from the main stock exchanges of Euro Area nations. Using the historical simulation method, VaR estimates are calculated for each country's stock index, providing valuable insights into market performance and risk levels during both normal and crisis periods. The non-parametric nature of the historical simulation approach is favored due to its flexibility in dealing with non-normal distribution data, making it suitable for this analysis. The findings reveal significant variations in downside risk among Euro Area countries. Certain nations consistently exhibit lower VaR estimates, indicating comparatively lower downside volatility and potential losses. These markets may prove attractive to risk-averse investors seeking stability during adverse market conditions. In contrast, some countries consistently demonstrate higher VaR estimates, signaling heightened downside risk, which may offer higher potential returns but may not align with risk-averse investors' preferences. During periods of crisis, certain Euro Area markets display a lower level of downside volatility, showcasing their resilience during turbulent times. This information can guide investors in constructing diversified portfolios that can withstand adverse market conditions. Additionally, policymakers can draw upon these findings to formulate targeted monetary policies to support financial markets during economic uncertainty. Overall, this study contributes valuable insights into downside risk and market performance in Euro Area stock markets, providing investors, policymakers, and financial participants with essential information to make informed decisions and navigate the complexities of global financial markets effectively.
Impact of Economic Growth, Urbanization and Transportation on Environmental Degradation on Selected Developing Countries
Authors: Ahmad Rashid , Shahzadi Memoona
Published: August 2023

This study has been conducted to explore the effect of economic growth, urbanization and transportation on environmental degradation. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is used as the proxy variable of environmental degradation. The data of 20 developing countries has been collected from 2003 to 2020. In this study Panel Auto distributed Lag model (ARDL) and Granger Causality test is used for the estimation. The findings revealed that there was positive effect of Air Transport Income, urbanization, Gross Fixed Capital Formation, Foreign Direct Investment on carbon dioxide emission. Gross Domestic Product was found to be negatively association with CO2 emission. Some policy recommendation has been also given in order to improve the environmental quality.
HAK MORAL PENCIPTA ATAS KARYA CIPTA YANG DIUNDUH DARI INTERNET
Authors: Narwadan Theresia N. A.
Published: August 2023

This paper aimed to understand the factors inhibiting legal protection for the moral rights of the author from free internet downloading and causes for difficulties in punishing downloading from internet. Eventhough Indonesia has the copyright’s act since 1912, but until today the infringement of  copyrights be on increase. People can get all they need which they want to hear or they want to read from internet downloading. For example, Asosiasi Industri Rekaman Indonesia (ASIRI) shown that the authors lose a lot of money because of free internet downloading. According to Asosiasi Rekaman Indonesia-ASIRI’s estimate that Indonesia was lose Rp 762.000.000.000,- a year because of free internet downloading. The factors inhibiting legal protection, for the moral rights of the authors from free internet downloading include the authors’ lack of understanding on their own moral rights, and the lack of appreciation in free internet downloading. The dispute resolution faces difficulties in deciding the punishment, for free downloading from internet, since the police have no accurate understanding on the Act No 28/2014 about Copyrights. In addition, the creators must be more active to file their complaints, despite the fact that the infringement of moral copyrights is categorized as ordinary delict in the Act No 28/2014, whenever they find out that their creation are offered for free download without their written permission.  The author must play more active role as they are supposed to know better the originality of their creation.
Early Warning for Humans Regarding Contamination with Salmonella bacteria Originating from Duck
Authors:   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia, Rahmaniar Reina Puspita
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Pathogenic bacteria of the genus Salmonella are one of the leading causes of foodborne disease. Salmonella sp. are pathogenic bacteria excreted through feces from the digestive tract of animals and humans. These bacteria can contaminate food of animal origin, both from animals to humans and humans to animals. This study aimed to determine the presence of Salmonella in Surabaya duck farms. Methods: The research samples were taken from 24 duck eggs and 24 cloacal swabs. The criteria for the egg samples taken were newly hatched eggs.
Male Family Caregivers of Schizophrenic Patients have a Higher Risk of Hypertension and Lower Quality of Life : A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors:   Department of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia, Prabawati Chlara Yunita
Published: August 2023

Background: A limited study has identified the essential information on the physical health of family caregivers with patients with schizophrenia in Indonesia. This study aimed to assess the correlations between blood pressure and quality of life in family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. Methods: A retrospective and cross-sectional study design used convenience sampling conducted in several mental hospitals in Indonesia. Measurement of a calibrating sphygmomanometer and WHO Quality of Life-BRIEF were used to collect the data from the family caregiver. Participants received questionnaires and signed informed consent.
Factors Related to Maternal Readiness at Telehealth in Prenatal Care in Rural Areas of Indonesia
Authors:   Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia, Mulyati Sri
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Pregnancy is a physiological process, but if not managed properly it could become pathological. Telehealth is the use of information and telecommunications technology to support prenatal care. This study aimed to determine the factors related to maternal readiness at Telehealth Prenatal care in rural areas of Indonesia. Methods: This research method was a crossectional study. The respondents were 65 pregnant women in rural areas in Indonesia. Sampling was done with quota sampling. The variables of this study were the Readiness Factor and Readiness for Prenatal Telehealth. The data were analyzed using univariate data using frequency distribution and bivariate using the Chi-Square test.
Anti-microbial Activities of Syzigium cumini leaves against Periodontophatic Bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis)
Authors:   Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia, Praptiwi Yenni Hendriani
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Syzigium cumini has been known to have an anti-microbial effect and is traditionally used as medicine for some human diseases. However, only a few studies were done on water extracts of these leaves. This study aimed to elucidate the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of water extract of Syzigium cumini leaves against Porphyromonas gingivalis that represent periodontopathic bacteria.
THE ROLE OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY IN MODELING THE FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES OF ENTERPRISES
Authors: Yuldosheva Gulnoza
Published: August 2023

This article examines the profound role the digital economy plays in modeling the financial activities of enterprises. It delves into the modern tools and mechanisms for implementing efficient financial processes and facilitating digital transformation in companies. The study harnesses a qualitative methodological approach and provides an empirical analysis of the digital economy's impact on enterprise finance, illustrating how the adoption of digital technology reshapes financial practices.
ТЎҚИМАЧИЛИК САНОАТИ КОРХОНАЛАРИНИНГ ЯШИЛ ИҚТИСОДИЁТ ДОИРАСИДАГИ РИСКЛАРИНИ СТРАТЕГИК ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯЛАШ ИСТИҚБОЛЛАРИ
Authors: Худайназарова Дилором
Published: August 2023

Ушбу мақолада тўқимачилик саноати корхоналарининг рискларини пасайтириш, сўндириш ҳамда бартараф этиш мақсадида яшил иқтисодий моделга асосланган стратегияларнинг амалий тадбиғининг самарадорлиги ҳамда истиқболларига қаратилган илмий маълумотлардан ташкил топган.
МЕТОДЫ ОЦЕНКИ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ КОММЕРЧЕСКИХ БАНКОВ ПРИ АНАЛИЗЕ РЕЙТИНГОВОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ И ИХ КАЧЕСТВЕННОЕ ОПИСАНИЕ
Authors: Шамсиев Нодир
Published: August 2023

В данной статье исследуются методы оценки показателей коммерческих банков при анализе рейтинговой деятельности. Рассматриваются финансовые и нефинансовые метрики, включая коэффициенты капитализации, доходность активов (ROA), доходность собственного капитала (ROE), уровень удовлетворенности клиентов, уровень обслуживания, качество управления рисками и уровень корпоративного управления. Особое внимание уделено применению этих методов в контексте Узбекистана, где предложены специфические рекомендации для улучшения оценки показателей банков и увеличения их рейтинга.