bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systemic Light Chain (Kappa Type) Amyloidosis Involving Liver and Bone Marrow, Heart, Lung
Authors: Han Seul Ki , Moon Jihwan , Kim Se eun , Cho Mee-Yon , Kim Moon Young
Published: May 2024

Systemic amyloidosis is characterized by the accumulation of insoluble proteins in tissues including heart, kidney, liver and any other organs. Light chain amyloidosis is the most common type of primary amyloidosis. And it is generally considered to be the plasma cell dysfunction. Given its pathogenesis, it may affect any organ system. Thus, clinical presentation is variable and delayed diagnosis is common. Given these diagnostic difficulties, we presented a systemic amyloidosis presented as liver dysfunction.
Relevant Problems of Defendant’s Evidence Submission Activities in the Criminal Procedure
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Baikal State University, Doctor of Economics, Arkhipkin Igor V. , Kornakova Svetlana V. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Law and Criminology of the Baikal State University, PhD (Law), Associate Professor
Published: May 2024

The article discusses some of the problems of the defender's activity in collecting evidence. There is a lack of specifics about the procedure for ensuring that the materials submitted by the defense party are given the status of evidence. It is indicated that at present the defender does not actually have the authority to collect evidence due to the failure of the legislator to include the materials received by the defender in the list given in Article 74 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation “Evidence”. Therefore, the legislator's assignment of such a right to the defense party (Part 3 of art. 86 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation) is not only obviously hasty, but also contradictory. The position on the difficulty of talking about the equality of the parties in this regard in the pre-trial stages of the process is argued. Some recommendations for improving legislation are given. In particular, it is noted that it is necessary to reflect in it the procedure for collecting and providing certain types of evidence by the defense party, as well as fixing its evidentiary value, by means of an appropriate supplement to Article 74 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation.
The Law Enforcement Practice of Civil Claim Satisfaction in Cases of Termination of Criminal Prosecution
Authors:   Attorney of the Moscow Chamber of Lawyers, ExLege Moscow Bar Association, Belyaev Mikhail A.
Published: May 2024

The article deals with an urgent problem, which is characterized by both legal and legal significance. Modern Russian legislation is characterized by inconsistency, mainly in the regulation of property rights and economic relations. The Institute of Private Property and its protection continue to be an important problem for Russian legislation and the formation of mechanisms for market relations. The subject area of the study is limited by the peculiarities of law enforcement practice in matters of satisfaction of a civil claim in cases of termination of criminal prosecution. The termination of criminal prosecution through compensation for harm caused is in the interests of all participants in economic interaction. It is for this reason that a civil lawsuit plays the role of protecting the property rights of citizens.
Coming to terms with success
Authors: Hunston Susan
Published: May 2024

Corpus studies have taught us that many lexical items regularly co-occur with specific evaluative meanings, to the extent that those items themselves can imply attitude. Examples can be obvious, such as ‘recover from + something bad’, or less obvious, such as ‘cause + something bad’. When such an item co-occurs with an opposite meaning, it has been argued that the reader may draw the conclusion that the speaker is being insincere or ironic. Phrases such as ‘come to terms with’ are interesting in this regard. The Cobuild dictionary asserts that ‘come to terms with’ co-occurs with negative meaning (as in ‘come to terms with failure’). In at least half the cases found, however, and even in the example quoted in that dictionary, ‘come to terms with’ is used with an item that appears to be positive, such as ‘success’. In this paper it is argued that this cannot be interpreted as insincerity or irony, but that it forces a reinterpretation of the positive term, along the lines of ‘success may seem to be a good thing but it necessitates considerable life adjustment’. In more interesting cases, the item following ‘come to terms with’ relates to another individual and thus an interpretation of conflicting points of view is required. An invented example would be ‘Joe has to come to terms with Mary’s success’, where ‘success’ may be positive for Mary but negative for Joe. A genuine example, from a White House press conference, is ‘The US must come to terms with China’s industrial development’, where a divergence in viewpoint is imposed on the US and China. This paper develops this argument, discusses how similar phrases might be found, and illustrates how the imposition of conflicting points of view is used in discourse.
Presence and Absence of Laughter and Gestures: Examples from the Spoken BNC2014 and Dickens’ Novels
Authors: Pace-Sigge Michael
Published: May 2024

This paper is concerned with extra-linguistic discourse markers in different types of conversation. Specifically, it investigates the presence and absence of two ways to underscore the meaning a speaker tries to convey, namely laughter and the use of gestures, a corpus-assisted approach will be used to look at these two types of discourses. First, the (transcribed) natural conversations found in the Spoken BNC2014 and second, the conversations by fictional characters as found in  the novels of Charles Dickens will be compared for this purpose. This paper looks, in its first half, at instances where laughter is used in spoken conversations and investigates how the presence or absence of laughter reflects either a marked functional section within a given discourse or can be seen as a particular marker within the discourse. The second half of the article will look at the presence or absence of gestures that appear as a way to underpin what is said in the fictional discourses found in the novels of Charles Dickens.
The Institutionalisation of Bioculturalism through Community Protocols: The Case of Guna Yala
Authors: Foyer Jean , Martinez Mauri Monica , Filoche Geoffroy , Castillo Geodisio
Published: May 2024

Community Biocultural Protocols (CBPs) are environmental governance mechanisms for biodiversity that aim to establish, at the local community level, a normative framework for the central themes discussed in the framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity (biodiversity conservation, traditional knowledge, prior and informed access, benefit sharing, agro-biodiversity conservation, etc.). This article aims to shed light on the local implementation of this type of protocol in the Indigenous territory of Guna Yala (Panama). It allows us to place the specific mechanism of the CBPs in the long history of the Gunadulegan with regard to relations with scientific circles and the question of the coupling between biological and cultural diversity. It is also an opportunity to contribute to a reflection on the institutionalisation of the idea of bioculturalism.
Relaunching Laboratories for Engineering Disciplines Using an Industry-Oriented Approach
Authors: Dinu Alexandru , Ghiocanu Stefania Cristina , Modran Horia Alexandru
Published: May 2024

A pleasant working environment starts with a smooth adjustment of the graduate to the workplace. For this reason, preparing students in line with companies' work requirements must be in the focus during faculty. Since many of the subjects currently taught do not take this into account, this paper aims to contribute validated ideas and techniques to the creation of industry-oriented teaching activities. Therefore, this paper presents how practical work at a laboratory in an IT faculty has been adapted to accommodate some important aspects encountered in companies and required from future employees: teamwork where each member has well-defined tasks, creativity, taking on the task at hand, using cloud-hosted tools, tracking tasks within a team using dedicated platforms, and logging and solving a bug in a professional way. Actively helping the students in acquiring the necessary skills to design and verify a part of a chip, several didactic methods (e.g. brainstorming, explanation, discussion, “jigsaw” method) were also used to lead the students, step by step, to a good understanding of the working environment in a corporation. As results, it is shown that the students managed to learn how to approach the specific tools and methods of a company, and the good quality of the products obtained was confirmed by representatives of several companies in the field. The students' views on the teaching process, collected through an anonymous questionnaire, are also deeply analysed and discussed. Finally, the paper highlights the main aspects that positively influenced the students' professional development during teaching activities.
Ethics for Early Education; Core Concepts for Approaching Ethical Issues
Authors: Ghiatau Roxana
Published: May 2024

Early Education is a strategic area for individual and social development. Kindergartens are spaces for ethical practice, where teachers make decisions for the children they are responsible for. The major aim of this theoretical study is to propose approaches to ethical decision-making in working with young children, with the role of improving self-reflection for teachers and future teachers. The secondary aims of the study are: 1.  To identify the values and ethical guidelines for ethical-decision in Early Education; 2.  To establish core concepts for approaching ethical issues, including the use of ethical codes; 3.  To propose case studies in order to stimulate teachers‘ ethical reflection. A set of basic ideas of professional ethics in Early Education is presented below: (a) The Early Education profession is primarily an emotional, relational and ethical practice. Teachers bring to school their personal values, from the places where they live. (b) In order to make ethical decisions teachers need to understand the difference between the professional ethics area and the personal area. (c) Teachers should not confuse personal dilemmas with professional ethics dilemmas. Our study can provide guidelines for developing a professional learning protocol to support teachers' ethical reasoning. Reflection on issues of ethical practice exposes teachers and future teachers to various perspectives, expanding their knowledge of children and teaching.
Data Science, Business Intelligence, and the Internet of Everything: A Scientometric Education Perspective with a Mountain Focus
Authors: Covaci Mihai , Covaci Brindusa
Published: May 2024

This paper delves into the intricate interplay of the Internet of Everything within the dynamic landscape of evolving data science and business intelligence, scrutinized through the discerning lens of scientometrics within the broader context of education social responsibility. The author posits that the primary objective of the Internet of Everything is to not merely bridge, but transcend the gap between business, education, and science, thereby fortifying the indispensable role of corporate sustainability in shaping societal paradigms. The meticulously validated results affirm the credibility of the proposed hypothesis and indicators. Notably, information technology, particularly within the expansive realms of the Internet and Internet of Things subdivisions, emerges as the paramount dimension influencing the underdevelopment of mountainous areas. The triad nexus established in this study remarkably diminishes the pervasive disparities between science, education, and business, with a singular focus on advancing people and human sustainability. Proposing seven innovative indicators within the triad, the research not only contributes to the existing body of knowledge but also envisages a transformative impact. Furthermore, the paper advocates for the adoption of common data science governance models across diverse country groups globally, fostering a collaborative approach to technological and societal advancement.
Increased Sports Performance Determined by the Altitude Factor among Senior Mountain Runners
Authors: Enoiu Răzvan-Sandu , Găinariu Iulia , Mîndrescu Veronica
Published: May 2024

Background: Although quality is one of the oldest ways to increase sports performance, a precise protocol of acclimatization and participation in competitions is not yet established, studies in the field not being able to specify exactly a methodologist is ideal.  The purpose of this research is to study whether the sports performance of mountain runners increases after performing an altitude training program and whether a VO2max higher conditions the obtaining of superior results in mountain running races.  Methods: The paper is based on a case study performed on a selected 7 male subjects, mountain performance runners from the National Team of Romania, subjected to three tests: initial in plain conditions, intermediate in altitude conditions and final in plain conditions. The tests involved performing the Bruce protocol to identify the VO2max value and to go through a route specific to the short-distance mountain running test in maximum effort conditions. Results: Hypoxic effects of altitude determine the obtaining of one hour VO2max inferior comparative with wave times obtained in conditions of flat. SpO2 decreases during effort regardless of altitude or flat, but at altitude the values fall below the physiological limit of 95% and return to physiological limits 15 minutes after effort regardless of flat or altitude. It was also found that following an altitude training camp, the sports performances of the mountain runners increased: the place in the general classification at the National Championship was better and the VO2max had higher values in FT compared to IT. However, an excellent VO2max does not condition a higher place in the ranking of specialized competitions.  Conclusions: The training camps at altitude are an efficient method of maximizing the sports performances in mountain running, provided that they are performed according to a specific duration of at least 4-6 weeks and an optimal acclimatization.
Study Regarding the Fitness of the Students Enrolled in the Physical and Sportive Education and Physical Therapy and Special Motor Skills Academic Programs, in the Context of Future Professions
Authors: Ababei Cătălina , Pavel Silviu , Ababei Radu
Published: May 2024

Background. The development of motor capacity implies a higher level of awareness in the youths, which leads to a fitness that is adapted to the future work place. From the viewpoint of the future professions, both the physical education teachers and the future physical therapists need a high level of motor skills and an increased physical endurance to fatigue. A prime objective of this research was to see how much the vertical spring and and repetition speed can develop in the lower limbs over the course of a semester, and at the same time, how much this is or is not influenced by the subjects' height. Results. The study contained 36 students that were not professional practitioners of a sport (18 from Physical and Sportive Education and 18 from Physical Therapy and Special Motor Skills).  The tests were performed using the MGM-15 Miron Georgescu jumping platform. Two tests were conducted 14 weeks apart, recording the subjects' vertical take-off capacity using both legs, and separately using the right and the left leg, as well as their repetition speed for both legs and separately for the right and the left leg. Conclusions. The recorded and statistically analyzed results have shown that there is a linear correlation between these motor actions, with a Pearson coefficient between 1 and -1. The calculated regression model, with an adjusted r square of .401 indicated that the independent variables (the subjects' height and repetition speed) had an influence of 40.1% on the vertical spring using both legs.
Using Basketball Game as an Educational Instrument for Childrens Motor Qualities Development
Authors: Gorgan Carmina Mihaela , Oancea Bogdan Marian , Ciocan Cătălin Vasile
Published: May 2024

This work aims to reproducing the partial results of a study carried out at the level of the 11-14-year-old age group, which involves an initial approach to the identification of children's motor skills, as well as the creation of a planning framework proposed by a specialized program - by choosing some basketball-related content for the development of physical and general motor skills. The study started from the premise that the degree of development and evolution of speed and skill in a group with a basketball profile (11-14 years) can be enhanced by objectively placing some tests at the beginning and end of each stage of development during a specific period of time. The study was carried out using an experimental group (8 boys and 10 girls) and a control group (8 boys and 9 girls) during 9 months of activity, within a private sports club. The variety of technical methods specific to the basketball game, associated with the environmental conditions and material conditions of the experiment, contributed to the development of a large number of specific skills and motor skills, all of which were associated with the experimental results and contributed to the improvement of the physical health of the children.
Navigating Aspirations: Understanding What Drives Romanian Adolescents' Career Choices
Authors: Mikó Simina-Maria , Hatos Adrian
Published: May 2024

Extensive research has underscored the critical role of aspirations in the process of status attainment, with a consensus on their significance across the literature. Building on this foundation, our study delved into the factors influencing the occupational aspirations of 8th Grade students in Bihor County (Romania), examining variables such as gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status and academic performance. Utilising the International Socio-Economic Index (ISEI) of Occupational Status, we coded the students' aspirations for their occupational status at age 30. Our findings revealed that gender, the occupational status of the mother (as measured by the ISEI), ethnicity and academic achievements significantly shape these aspirations. Conversely, students with a parent working abroad or belonging to the Hungarian ethnic minority exhibited lower levels of occupational aspiration. Additionally, our analysis uncovered noteworthy mediating effects: the impact of rural residency is mitigated by the introduction of social class, which is further influenced by academic performance. Similarly, the effect of having multiple siblings is neutralised by having a parent working abroad, and the negative impact of Roma ethnicity on aspirations is offset by academic achievement. A key contribution of our research is the elucidation of how adolescents in our study context conceptualised their futures in terms of occupational status, revealing the nuanced interplay of various factors in shaping their aspirations. This study not only contributes to our understanding of the determinants of occupational aspirations among adolescents but also highlights the complex interactions among these determinants.
Issues Regarding the Relationship between Secondary School Students' Reporting on Homework and Math Results
Authors: Opris Dorin , Opriş Monica
Published: May 2024

The study investigates in various aspects the link between the math homework of the students in the end of secondary classes and their school results. The research data were obtained using the questionnaire-based survey method applied online to a number of 89 secondary school students from a school in Romania with good results in the National Assessment. The data was analyzed using the SPSS program. The results show that, in order to complete their homework in mathematics, 77.5% of the students need help, which they require in school (28.1%) or outside it (49.4). The statistical analysis of these data shows a weak correlation in terms of collaboration between parents and children in order to achieve homework. Gender-based analysis of research data shows that there is no significant difference between boys and girls in relation to homework in mathematics. The results confirm the current trend for students to increasingly seek help from people outside the school. The study presents recommendations for deepening some aspects of the research, among which the identification of the causes that lead to the decrease of students' interest in the activity carried out in the school. The results of the research are valuable in the context of a shortage of research on this topic because they show an equal value of the effect in cases where students receive help in the classroom from the teacher compared to those in which they are helped by other people outside the school to solve the homework in mathematics.
Integration Concepts and Design Guidelines
Authors: Jesper M. , Pag F.
Published: May 2024

The defossilization of the industrial heat supply is crucial for achieving the Paris climate targets. For the defossilization of heat with supply temperatures of at least 150 °C, solar thermal heat for industrial processes (SHIP) and heat pumps (HP) are technically mature technologies that allow a complete substitution of fossilfueled systems already today [1]. However, the individual potential of these technologies is often limited by restrictions regarding the availability of renewable energy sources, e.g., solar radiation, environmental or excess heat, or by technical limitations, e.g., the available space for solar thermal collectors. The combination of both technologies could, therefore, be a solution to maximize the degree of defossilization and overall efficiency.
Kontemplacja i podejścia pierwszoosobowe w badaniach społecznych
Authors: Konecki Krzysztof T.
Published: May 2024

Artykuł omawia koncepcje pierwszoosobowe w badaniach społecznych. Opisuje podejścia autoetnograficzne, fenomenologiczne i kontemplacyjne. To, co łączy te trzy podejścia, to refleksyjność, koncentracja na przeżyciach, procesie myślenia i odczuć ciała oraz na emocjonalnym i sytuacyjnym wymiarze poznawania świata, a w konsekwencji na badaczu jako na wytwórcy wiedzy. Można powiedzieć, że chociaż te podejścia różnią się, to łączy je cecha kontemplacyjności, w różnym nasileniu występująca w tych podejściach.
Miejsce uczestnika badania w sytuacji jego pracy naukowej poddane zostało eksplikacji we wszystkich trzech podejściach. Podkreślono aspekt ucieleśnienia w sytuacji i namysł nad subiektywnością i obiektywnością jako fikcyjnymi dystynkcjami obrazowania badań jakościowych. Przedstawiono także metody badań kontemplacyjnych.
Resultados preliminares del análisis de la cerámica del sitio Pampa de las Llamas-Moxeke
Authors: Condor Rojas Gabriel , Milla Salazar Rosa , Lopez Ramos Angelica , Tumbalobos Tapia José , Valqui Güimack Miguel
Published: May 2024

La aparición de un complejo sistema de sitios arqueológicos con arquitectura monumental de diversas escalas y magnitudes durante el Periodo Formativo Temprano (1800-1200 a.C.) en el valle de Casma, ha generado un creciente interés por comprender las dinámicas sociales que posibilitaron su construcción y renovación en tanto comunidades tempranas que modificaban su paisaje. Este informe preliminar de la cerámica recuperada en Pampa de las Llamas-Moxeke durante la temporada 2022 del Proyecto de Investigación Arqueológica Pampa de las Llamas-Moxeke constituye una aproximación al reconocimiento de formas y estilos presentes en el sitio, desde el Periodo Formativo hasta el Periodo Intermedio Tardío. El estudio de esta muestra cerámica es una oportunidad para caracterizar su naturaleza y función, así como las diferencias entre las vasijas utilizadas en distintas zonas del valle.
Do Vertical Contracts Lead to Foreclosure and Efficiency Gains? An Empirical Study of the Food and Beverage Industry
Authors: Bertarelli Silvia
Published: May 2024

This paper focuses on presenting a research methodology to determine whether vertical contracts between firms operating at different levels of the supply chain are efficient from the perspective of recent industrial organisation theory. In this perspective, some case studies were presented concerning antitrust investigations against some large companies operating in the food and beverage sector in Italy. Despite the controversy surrounding the effects of vertical agreements, as they may be pro- or anti-competitive, the paper shows that not only market concentration but also intra-sectoral asymmetries are crucial factors to consider in distinguishing between foreclosing and efficiency-enhancing agreements.
Impact de la restauration des zones dégradées sur la diversité floristique de la forêt classée d’Agbo 2 (Centre-Est de la Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Koné Youssouf , Doffou Sopie Cybèle , Kouadio Kouassi
Published: May 2024

La présente étude, menée dans la forêt classée d’Agbo 2 d’une superficie de 4705 hectares, est située au Centre-Est de la Côte d’Ivoire. Cette étude a pour objectif d’améliorer les connaissances sur la valeur écologique de la forêt classée d’Agbo 2. Pour ce faire, 47 dispositifs d’échantillonnage surfaciques ont été installés et des inventaires itinérants ont été réalisés. Ces deux méthodes ont permis de recenser 121 espèces végétales dont 13 sont des espèces vulnérables inscrites sur la liste rouge de l’UICN. La flore du stade mature des plantations de Teck et de Gmélina ressemble à celle des forêts enrichies avec le Fraké, qui ajoutée aux forêts enrichies avec le Bété sont similaires floristiquement avec les forêts naturelles. De parmi les zones restaurées, les forêts enrichies en espèces locales (Bété et Fraké) sont plus riches et plus diversifiées que les plantations avec les espèces exotiques (Teck et Gmélina). Les forêts dégradées et les zones de restauration abritent des espèces qui doivent être pris en considération lors des études, car elles représentent un écosystème avec une large gamme d’espèces ayant d’importantes valeurs pour le bien-être des populations. La restauration des espaces dégradés par enrichissement serait la méthode appropriée pour un retour à la végétation originelle.
 
This study was carried out in the 4705-hectare Agbo 2 classified forest in central-eastern Côte d'Ivoire. The aim of the study was to improve knowledge of the ecological value of the Agbo 2 classified forest. To do this, 47 surface sampling devices and carrying out itinerant inventories. These two methods were used to identify 121 plant species, 13 of which are vulnerable species on the IUCN red list. The flora of the mature stage of Teak and Gmélina plantations resembles that of forests enriched with Fraké, which, in addition to forests enriched with Bété, are floristically similar to natural forests. Among the restored areas, the forests enriched with local species (Bété and Fraké) are richer and more diverse than the plantations with exotic species (Teak and Gmélina). Degraded forests and restoration areas harbor species that should be taken into account in the studies, as they represent an ecosystem with a wide range of species with important values for the well-being of populations. Restoring degraded areas by enrichment would be the appropriate method for a return to the original vegetation.
Bridging Learning and Action: How Did CLARISSA’s Participatory Adaptive Management Approach Foster Innovation, Effectiveness, and Stakeholder Empowerment?
Authors: Prieto Martín Pedro , Apgar Marina , Afroze Jiniya , Arulanantham Amit , Hicks Jacqueline , Karki Shanta , Mareschal Sophie , Paul Sukanta , Snijder Mieke , Uddin Forhad , Veitch Helen
Published: May 2024

Child Labour: Action-Research-Innovation in South and South-Eastern Asia (CLARISSA) is an evidence and innovation-generation programme funded by the United Kingdom’s Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO), responding to the challenge of the worst forms of child labour (WFCL) in Bangladesh and Nepal. It is a challenge characterised by a poor understanding of its drivers and a lack of evidence on what works to combat it. To handle such fundamental uncertainty, the programme adopts a child-centric and participatory action research approach, which is supported by an adaptive management model to respond better to challenges and opportunities. From its inception, the programme needed to navigate shocks and challenges, such as Covid-19 lockdowns, political upheaval, and sustained budget cuts, which put its capacity to learn and evolve to the test. This paper shares insights emerging from evaluating CLARISSA’s participatory adaptive management (PAM) practices, connecting them with current discussions on adaptive management. It provides an in-depth evaluation of CLARISSA’s PAM approach, exploring how adaptive strategies were implemented and evolved throughout the programme’s life cycle.
Ownership and Localization of Teacher Training ODA Project in Kenya
Authors:   Korean Comparative Education Society, Lee Hanbyul
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine whether ownership and localization discourses are practically applied to a teacher training ODA(Official Development Assistance) project in Kenya and how these efforts can contribute to the project’s sustainability.
This study adopted a qualitative research approach and the primary data collection method is an interview with various stakeholders and participants of the project. The research also used participant observation, and document analysis.
The result shows that Ownership was ensured at a high level(government), but it was not promoted at the lower level(end-beneficiaries). Localization of knowledge contributed to making the training contents more compatible with the condition of Kenya. However, teachers still feel challenged to apply the knowledge acquired from the project in classroom practices.
Based on these findings, I suggest the necessity of motivating teachers to empower themselves and take responsibility to change classroom practices on their own. And more comprehensive approach is needed to improve surrounding circumstances that makes teachers hard to be innovative and proactive.
Experimental Techniques for Testing the Properties of Construction Materials
Authors: Habib Ahed , AL Houri Ausamah , Al-Toubat Salah , Junaid M. Talha
Published: May 2024

The field of construction materials is pivotal in developing sustainable and resilient infrastructure. This demands continuous research to understand the properties and behaviors of these materials under diverse conditions. Although advancements in material science and numerical modeling have been significant, experimental testing remains indispensable for a thorough comprehension of material characteristics, particularly under extreme stresses and environmental factors. This need has forced the development of a wide array of testing techniques, each designed to evaluate specific engineering properties, thus creating a complex and varied landscape of experimental methodologies. This study provides a comprehensive overview of both conventional and innovative experimental testing techniques used to characterize construction materials. It explores the related methodologies and identifies potential gaps in their application within the industry. The spectrum of testing covered includes mechanical, chemical, thermal, microstructural, durability, physical, rheological properties, and non-destructive testing methods. Mechanical tests assess strength, hardness, and fatigue, whereas chemical analyses utilize techniques such as spectroscopy and chromatography. Thermal properties are examined using thermogravimetric analysis, and microstructural characteristics are explored through advanced imaging techniques. Durability testing focuses on materials’ resistance to environmental challenges, while physical properties tests evaluate aspects like porosity and water absorption. Rheological and non-destructive tests further examine materials’ behavior and integrity without causing damage. By discussing these methodologies, the study sheds light on various approaches to material evaluation and aims to enhance the selection, application, and development of testing standards. This overview seeks to inform and inspire future research and innovation in the science of construction materials, contributing to the development of more resilient and sustainable construction practices.
Transition of the World BOSAI Forum: Looking Back at the Past Three Forums
Authors: Ono Soraya , Sasaki Daisuke , Hara Yuta , Ono Yuichi
Published: May 2024

The World BOSAI Forum (WBF) is a biennial conference on disaster risk reduction (DRR) that has been held in Sendai, Japan, since 2017. The WBF aims to implement the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 (SFDRR), which advocates for diverse participation of stakeholders in DRR. This study examines the efforts and outcomes of the WBF in fostering diverse participation, especially from civil society, in DRR. This study analyzes the transitions in attitude toward diverse participation, participant attributes, and externally dispatched issues over the past three WBFs. It adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative data from various sources, such as official documents, in-depth interviews, and text mining. The study finds that the WBF has three main objectives: to disseminate the concept of BOSAI, promote the SFDRR, and encourage the diverse participation of stakeholders, especially civil society, in DRR. The results show that the WBF is gradually increasing its commitment to diverse participation and achieving positive results in encouraging non-expert citizen participation. It is suggested that a detailed analysis of the WBF would contribute to forming a platform with diverse participation, including the participation of non-expert citizens. Conversely, challenges remain in women’s participation, and content analysis is required to choose a platform that promotes diverse forms of participation.
CRIPTOMONEDAS: UNA ANOMIA TRIBUTARIA
Authors: Meneses Padron Aldo Rafael
Published: May 2024

El avance tecnológico y la inquietud económica del hombre dieron paso a las criptomonedas, un fenómeno muy amplio y en constante evolución. Ante esto, el Derecho, funcionando como un vehículo para sistematizar fenómenos sociales, se ha quedado corto al regular las actividades que las rodean. En la revisión jurídica se han tomado distintos frentes, siendo el derecho penal uno de los más estudiados, pero otras ramas están relegadas, es el caso del Derecho Tributario, donde pulula la incertidumbre sobre el tratamiento fiscal de las criptomonedas, provocando una justicia tributaria vacilante. En este estudio se pone de manifiesto la pertinencia de una obligación tributaria que emane de las criptomonedas y la anomia en la que se encuentran, como consecuencia se violan principios rectores que son base para encuadrar cualquier sistema jurídico dentro de un espectro de justicia tributaria, entendida esta última como el constructor de principios que le conforman.
ELEMENTOS QUE DEBEN TOMARSE EN CUENTA PARA LA ELABORACIÓN DE INICIATIVAS DE LEY Y REFORMAS
Authors: Pacheco Hernandez Brian Jese
Published: May 2024

En este escrito se abordan brevemente los elementos a considerar para la creación y modificación de normas, tomando en cuenta las bases metodológicas y estructurales de un documento de iniciativa de ley, y las razones a considerar para la formulación de estos proyectos a partir de la identificación de una metodología legislativa y la descripción de los componentes que conforman una iniciativa de ley. Con ello se busca contribuir en el área de la enseñanza de la técnica legislativa y el derecho parlamentario respecto a los elementos para la creación normativa.
LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS DE LAS PERSONAS SORDOMUDAS Y SU DISCAPACIDAD
Authors: González Claudia , Cobos Amalia
Published: May 2024

Frente a la creciente protección de los derechos humanos, entre los grupos de personas con algún grado de discapacidad que todavía no reciben adecuada tutela están las personas sordomudas, cuyas necesidades aún no aparecen como un punto de preocupación en las políticas públicas en México. Aunado a lo anterior, encontramos una regulación determinada por los códigos civiles cuya composición inapropiada les impide ejercer sus derechos mínimos, este es el caso del artículo 427 fracción III del Código Civil del Estado de Chihuahua que les incapacita legal y naturalmente según se desprende de su desafortunada redacción. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar una propuesta para reformar la fracción III del numeral para contener aspectos acordes al respeto de sus derechos humanos, partiendo de la hipótesis de que la versión actual nulifica totalmente los derechos humanos de las personas sordomudas.
DERECHO A LA FILOSOFÍA COMO LUCHA EN MÉXICO, 2008-2022
Authors: Vázquez García Federico Pablo , Guerra Zavaleta Luz María
Published: May 2024

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo mostrar el derecho a la filosofía como lucha en México en el periodo 2008-2022, a partir de la pregunta: ¿qué luchas han hecho nacer a la filosofía en el derecho constitucional a la educación en México en ese periodo? Para dar respuesta esta investigación cualitativo-descriptiva se apoya en el método hipotético deductivo, ya que parte del planteamiento del derecho a la filosofía como lucha siguiendo la Teoría de Bloch en conjunto con el neoconstitucionalismo; se valida mediante el testimonio escrito en defensa de la filosofía en México, primero para su incorporación a la Constitución mexicana y luego para mantenerse en ella, con el fin de proteger la dignidad humana; se recurre a la técnica documental consistente en la revisión de bibliografía, hemerografía, legislación, declaraciones, boletines, informes, protestas, desplegados… y, en especial, el nacimiento del Observatorio Filosófico de México. Con esto se evidencia que el ser humano nace pensante, pero no es suficiente, por lo que se recurre a la educación tecnocrática que intenta robotizarlo, desde el ámbito educativo, en oposición a la educación tecnocrática; incluso reconocido constitucionalmente la lucha continúa contra las políticas educativas manipulantes.
Patrimonio y versatilidad como criterios de valoración urbano arquitectónico para estrategias de planeación urbana en contextos con valor histórico. Zona L del “ZUFO Centro” de Aguascalientes capital en México como caso de estudio
Authors: Andrade Sánchez María del Pilar , Esparza Díaz de León Mario Ernesto
Published: May 2024

La experiencia e interpretación de la ciudad incorpora diversos factores —internos o externos— que permiten la construcción y valoración de discursos de habitabilidad en todo individuo. La escala de relación en la interacción entre el ser humano, el entorno y lo que este conlleva, urbano o inmediato, el dinamismo en sus desplazamientos o la pasividad en su contemplación, representa el elemento catalizador en la apropiación de todo espacio público o privado y es por esto que toda decisión de intervención en él requiere consideraciones centradas en un análisis en diferentes dimensiones.
Hip Preservation and Capanna Reconstruction for Pediatric Proximal Femur Ewing Sarcoma
Authors: Geiger Erik J. , Kendal Joseph K. , Greyson Mark A. , Moghaddam Matthew M. , Jones Neil F. , Bernthal Nicholas M.
Published: May 2024

Case:

This is a first report describing preservation of the femoral head by transcervical resection of proximal femoral Ewing sarcoma in 2 pediatric patients. A unique Capanna reconstruction supported joint salvage. At 1 year, Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument and Pediatric Toronto Extremity Salvage Score outcomes were excellent. Surveillance magnetic resonance imaging was without evidence of recurrence or impaired perfusion to the femoral head.

Conclusion:

We demonstrate the feasibility of hip joint preservation and maintenance of femoral head viability after transcervical resection of pediatric proximal femur bone sarcomas while preserving the medial circumflex femoral artery. This technique may be a preferred option over joint sacrifice and endoprosthetic replacement in young patients when tumor margins permit.
Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation for the Treatment of an Acetabular Defect
Authors: Clark Sean C. , Pan Xuankang , Grigoriou Emmanouil , Krych Aaron J. , Hevesi Mario , Sierra Rafael J.
Published: May 2024

Case:

A 20-year-old woman presented with a unipolar, 1.8 × 1.8-cm osteochondral defect of the left acetabulum. Osteochondral allograft transplantation was performed using a medial tibial plateau allograft resulting in excellent clinical outcomes across 4 different outcome scores and maintenance of the joint space at 4.3 years postoperatively.

Conclusion:

Although previous literature has demonstrated long-term clinical success of osteochondral allograft transplantation in knee, excellent clinical outcomes can also be obtained in the hip. Thus, osteochondral allograft transplantation may be a viable treatment option for adolescents and young adults with concomitant cartilage and subchondral bone hip defects.
Addressing the Central Band in Acute and Chronic Essex-Lopresti Injury
Authors: Heifner John J. , Bain Gregory I. , Mercer Deana M. , Orbay Jorge L.
Published: May 2024

Case:

A 34-year-old man was acutely treated with radial head arthroplasty and central band repair following Essex-Lopresti injury. A 38-year-old man presented with chronic longitudinal instability following failed radial head arthroplasty, which was performed for failed fixation. Treatment with revision radial head arthroplasty and central band reconstruction restored longitudinal stability.

Conclusion:

We have a low threshold to repair the central band in acute Essex-Lopresti injury with sufficient evidence of disruption. Nearly all chronic cases require central band reconstruction to restore longitudinal stability. We do not temporarily pin the DRUJ, and distal ulnar shortening is rarely indicated.
pH pivoting for algae coagulation : bench-scale experimentation
Authors: Campobasso Marissa , Ibrahim Musa , Chisholm Amanda , Miazek Julia , Page Martin
Published: May 2024

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) threaten recreational waters and public supplies across the US, causing detrimental economic and environmental effects to communities. HABs can be mitigated with dissolved air flotation (DAF) treatment, which requires addition of pH-sensitive charged chemicals to neutralize algae, allowing them to attach to microbubbles and float to the surface. During HAB events and photosynthesis, algae raise the pH to levels that are not ideal for DAF. Traditionally, pH is reduced with a strong acid; however, this adds operational cost and permanently adjusts the water’s pH. This study assessed an approach that might allow for infusing CO₂ from diesel-powered electricity generators into the water prior to DAF treatment. It was hypothesized that formation of carbonic acid could temporarily reduce the pH. Results showed that 2.5%–5.0% CO₂ mixed within compressed air can achieve pH levels between 6–7 in algal water with an initial pH of 9–11 and alkalinity of 150 mg/L as CaCO₃. Further, dosing CO₂ before chemical addition yielded a 31% improvement in water clarification. Returning the pH back to natural levels was not achieved using ambient air microbubbles; however, coarse bubble air spargers should be tested to provide more volumetric capacity for CO₂ absorption.
SCALPEL (Sars-Cov-2 Antibody response in oLder PEopLe) [COVID-19]
Authors: Heskin Joseph , Pallett Scott , Moore Luke
Published: May 2024

Severe Acute Respriatory Syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a considerable risk to high risk populations, including older adults. The humoral immune response dynamics to infection and/or immunisation in older adults remains unclear. This protocol decribes the serological methods employed in the Sars-Cov-2 Antibody response in oLder PEopLe (SCALPEL) study which aims to evaulate the humoral immune response, taking into account symptomatic and asymptomatic infection through regular weekly PCR testing supported by SARS-CoV-2 anti-nucleocapsid antibody testing, as well as response to vaccination by testing with both a commerical SARS-CoV-2 total IgG and inhouse anti-receptor binding domain double antigen binding immunoassay. Further more, antibody acitivity tested by an inhouse pseudovirus neutralisation assay, and avidity utilising an inhouse competitive ELISA, are also conducted in order to evaluate potential correlates of protection.
Target specific peptide design using latent space approximate trajectory collector
Authors: Lin Tong , Chen Sijie , Basu Ruchira , Pei Dehua , Cheng Xiaolin , Kara Levent Burak
Published: May 2024

Despite the prevalence and many successes of deep learning applications in de novo molecular design, the problem of peptide generation targeting specific proteins remains unsolved. A main barrier for this is the scarcity of the high-quality training data. To tackle the issue, we propose a novel machine learning based peptide design architecture, called Latent Space Approximate Trajectory Collector (LSATC). It consists of a series of samplers on an optimization trajectory on a highly non-convex energy landscape that approximates the distributions of peptides with desired properties in a latent space. The process involves little human intervention and can be implemented in an end-to-end manner. We demonstrate the model by the design of peptide extensions targeting β-catenin, a key nuclear effector protein involved in canonical Wnt signalling. When compared with a random sampler, LSATC can sample peptides with 36% lower mean binding scores in a 16 times smaller interquartile range (IQR) and 284% less mean hydrophobicity with a 1.4 times smaller IQR. LSATC also largely outperforms other common generative models.Finally, we utilize a clustering algorithm to select 4 peptides from the100 LSATC designed peptides for experimental validation. The resultconfirms that all the four peptides extended by LSATC show improved β-catenin binding by at least 20.0%, and two of the peptides show a 3 fold increase in binding affinity as compared to the base peptide.
Occupant Privacy Perception, Awareness, and Preferences in Smart Office Environments
Authors: Li Beatrice , Tavakoli Arash , Heydarian Arsalan
Published: May 2024

Building management systems tout numerous benefits, such as energy efficiency and occupant comfort but rely on vast amounts of data from various sensors. Advancements in machine learning algorithms make it possible to extract personal information about occupants and their activities beyond the intended design of a non-intrusive sensor. However, occupants are not informed of data collection and possess different privacy preferences and thresholds for privacy loss. While privacy perceptions and preferences are most understood in smart homes, limited studies have evaluated these factors in smart office buildings, where there are more users and different privacy risks. To better understand occupants’ perceptions and privacy preferences, we conducted twenty-four semi-structured interviews between April 2022 and May 2022 on occupants of a smart office building. We found that data modality features and personal features contribute to people’s privacy preferences. The features of the collected modality define data modality features – spatial, security, and temporal context. In contrast, personal features consist of one’s awareness of data modality features and data inferences, definitions of privacy and security, and the available rewards and utility. Our proposed model of people’s privacy preferences in smart office buildings helps design more effective measures to improve people’s privacy.