bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining the behavioural intention of inpatients in Indian government hospitals
Authors: Singh Deepti , Dixit Kavaldeep
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of perceived service quality (PSQ) on the behavioural intention (BI) of patients in Indian government hospitals. The underlying mechanism of trust and patient satisfaction (SAT) is examined as multiple mediating effect.

Design/methodology/approach

Data from 510 respondents were collected using structured questionnaires. Six government hospitals, namely, S.M.S. Hospital, J.L.N. Hospital, New Medical College Hospital, Maharana Bhupal Medical Hospital, Mathuradas Hospital and P.B.N. Hospital, were selected from the cities of Jaipur, Ajmer, Kota, Udaipur, Jodhpur and Bikaner, respectively. The data were collected from adult patients (>18 years old) who spent at least two nights in a government hospital between 1 October, 2020 and 30 December, 2020. PSQ formed as a reflective-formative model was analysed using the repeated indicator approach. Structural equation modelling (SEM) using SMART-PLS software was used to test the hypothesised model(s) derived deductively from literature.

Findings

The findings support the following conclusions: (1) the positive relationship between PSQ and BI is significant; (2) SAT mediates the PSQ and BI relationship; (3) trust mediates the PSQ and BI relationship; (4) the mediation effect of SAT is stronger than that of trust.

Practical implications

The results indicate that, in order to enhance the positive BI of patients towards government hospitals, it is necessary for the hospitals to work on strategies to enhance the service quality provided to patients. The outcome of this study will enable state government hospitals to get a better understanding of the different dimensions of service quality and will help in observing the factors that contribute to patients' satisfaction and trust in building long-term relationships by encouraging a positive BI.

Originality/value

There is a dearth of research in India that evaluates the relationships between the constructs PSQ, trust, BI and SAT in the context of healthcare service. This empirical study is an attempt to fill this gap by focussing on the government hospitals in India.
A CPG-based gait planning and motion performance analysis for quadruped robot
Authors: Wei ShunXiang , Wu Haibo , Liu Liang , Zhang YiXiao , Chen Jiang , Li Quanfeng
Published: January 2022

Purpose

To achieve stable gait planning and enhance the motion performance of quadruped robot, this paper aims to propose a motion control strategy based on central pattern generator (CPG) and back-propagation neural network (BPNN).

Design/methodology/approach

First, the Kuramoto phase oscillator is used to construct the CPG network model, and a piecewise continuous phase difference matrix is designed to optimize the duty cycle of walk gait, so as to realize the gait planning and smooth switching. Second, the mapper between CPG output and joint drive is established based on BP neural network, so that the quadruped robot based on CPG control has better foot trajectory to enhance the motion performance. Finally, to obtain better mapping effect, an evaluation function is resigned to evaluate the proximity between the actual foot trajectory and the ideal foot trajectory. Genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization are used to optimize the initial weights and thresholds of BPNN to obtain more accurate foot trajectory.

Findings

The method provides a solution for the smooth gait switching and foot trajectory of the robot. The quintic polynomial trajectory is selected to testify the validity and practicability of the method through simulation and prototype experiment.

Originality/value

The paper solved the incorrect duty cycle under the walk gait of CPG network constructed by Kuramoto phase oscillator, and made the robot have a better foot trajectory by mapper to enhance its motion performance.
From crime prevention to norm compliance: anti-money laundering (AML) policy adoption in Singapore from 1989–2021
Authors: Menon Rishik Elias
Published: January 2022

Purpose

Policy mobility scholarship concerning anti-money laundering (AML) has typically favoured the study of power structures and interests to the neglect of the constructivist perspective and the local cultural–symbolic driving forces of policy adoption. This study aims to redress this, by analysing the shifting ideational drivers of AML policy in Singapore over the past 31 years through a thematic analysis of Singapore’s parliamentary debates (Hansard).

Design/methodology/approach

Through a thematic analysis of Singapore's Hansard over the past 31 years, this study seeks to present a social constructivist perspective of AML policy adoption in Singapore.

Findings

The thematic analysis reveals how the internal driving forces of AML policy in Singapore have shifted, from the idea of “crime prevention” in the early 1990s, to the symbolic value of “international norm compliance” by the 2010s.

Research limitations/implications

This constructivist perspective of AML policy adoption is particularly useful in complementing the existing materialist theories of AML policy diffusion and allows us to better appreciate the historical nuances of AML policy transfer across the globe.

Practical implications

This research will provide a useful comparative case study for other policy mobility scholars interested in presenting a constructivist account of AML policy adoption in different jurisdictions.

Originality/value

There is no literature in the field of policy mobility, explaining the diffusion/transfer of AML policy from a social constructivist perspective.
Exploring the accessibility of sport stadia for people with disability: towards the development of a Stadium Accessibility Scale (SAS)
Authors: Kitchin Paul J. , Paramio-Salcines Juan Luis , Darcy Simon , Walters Geoff
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to synthesise existing literature on sports stadia, spectators with disabilities (SwD) and accessibility to identify themes and to highlight the gaps in the literature. This review subsequently develops two propositions that will enable research in this emerging area to further develop.

Design/methodology/approach

The research was guided by two research questions: First, what does the peer reviewed evidence tell us about SwD and the accessibility of sporting stadia?; Second, how can this information be used to develop a Stadium Accessibility Scale (SAS)? The authors conducted a rapid review of the literature across three databases that identified 34 papers for synthesis.

Findings

The synthesis revealed three research themes: a focus on legislative compliance, the need to enhance resources (both physical and human) and research that focusses on moving beyond the stadium experience. The latter can be subdivided into two streams – studies that look at accessibility as a social legacy of major events and studies that seek to understand the whole journey that SwD's must make to attend sport events.

Research limitations/implications

The study makes two key recommendations. The first is to encourage further research aligned to the HOPES framework (Paramio-Salcines et al., 2016) that explicitly recognises the importance of understanding the broader approach to the customer experience. The second is the need for the development and validation of a reliable SAS.

Originality/value

Greater accessibility provides a foundation for inclusive environments in sport. The findings are relevant for all stakeholders in sport as universal accessibility benefits more than people with disabilities.
Sweep netting samples, but not sticky trap samples, indicate beneficial arthropod abundance is negatively associated with landscape wide insecticide use
Authors: Bakker Lieneke , van der Werf Wopke , Bianchi Felix J. J. A.
Published: January 2022

Insecticide use and landscape context are major drivers for the abundance of beneficial arthropods, such as predators, parasitoids and pollinators. However, the relative importance of local and landscape‐wide insecticide use is not well understood, and it is unclear to what extent impacts of insecticides on beneficial arthropod populations are moderated by landscape composition.

We collected and analysed data on beneficial arthropod abundance and local and landscape‐wide insecticide use across 38 Dutch landscapes. We used regression to study the associations between beneficial arthropod abundance (response), insecticide use and landscape factors.

Insects were sampled by sweep netting and yellow sticky traps in field margins (‘sampling sites’) in the summer of 2017 and 2018. We paired organic and conventional sites in the same landscape setting. We used three indicators of insecticide use: management (organic vs. conventional), Treatment Frequency Index of insecticides applied in the field adjacent to the sampling site, and the estimated landscape‐wide average quantity of insecticides applied per ha within a 1 km radius around the sampling site.

Abundances of beneficial arthropods in field margins, assessed by sweep netting, were negatively associated with the estimated quantity insecticide applied in the surrounding landscape, while arthropod sampling by sticky traps did not show this relationship. Pollinator abundance was negatively associated with conventional management and with the frequency of insecticide applications in the adjacent field, while predator and parasitoid abundance did not show significant associations with local insecticide use indicators. Negative impacts of insecticide use were not moderated in more diverse landscapes with higher proportions of semi‐natural habitats.

Policy implications. Insecticide impacts on arthropod populations extend beyond the fields in which they are used. Awareness of the potential landscape‐wide effects of pesticides, either through drift of pesticides or insect movement, may encourage land managers to adopt practices to reduce insecticide drift and the frequency of insecticide applications, thereby reducing the impacts of landscape‐wide exposure on arthropods that provide services to agriculture. Risk assessments of insecticides and pesticide use regulations need to account for potential spill‐over effects and consider landscape‐scale consequences associated with the source–sink dynamics of arthropods.
Isolation and characterization of a novel Lambda‐like phage infecting the bloom‐forming cyanobacteria Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii
Authors: Laloum Emmanuelle , Cattan‐Tsaushu Esther , Schwartz Daniel A. , Shaalan Hanaa , Enav Hagay , Kolan Dikla , Avrani Sarit
Published: January 2022

Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii is a central bloom‐forming cyanobacteria. However, despite its ecological significance, little is known of its interactions with the phages that infect it. Currently, only a single sequenced genome of a Cylindrospermopsis‐infecting phage is publicly available. Here we describe the isolation and characterization of Cr‐LKS3, a second phage infecting Cylindrospermopsis. Cr‐LKS3 is a siphovirus with a higher genome similarity to prophages within heterotrophic bacteria genomes than to any other cyanophage/cyano‐prophage, suggesting that it represents a novel cyanophage group. The function, order and orientation of the 72 genes in the Cr‐LKS3 genome are highly similar to those of Escherichia virus Lambda (hereafter Lambda), despite the very low sequence similarity between these phages, showing high evolutionary convergence despite the substantial difference in host characteristics. Similarly to Lambda, the genome of Cr‐LKS3 contains various genes that are known to be central to lysogeny, suggesting it can enter a lysogenic cycle. Cr‐LKS3 has a unique ability to infect a host with a dramatically different GC content, without carrying any tRNA genes to compensate for this difference. This ability, together with its potential lysogenic lifestyle shed light on the complex interactions between C. raciborskii and its phages.
Enzyme‐constrained models predict the dynamics of Saccharomyces cerevisiae growth in continuous, batch and fed‐batch bioreactors
Authors: Moreno‐Paz Sara , Schmitz Joep , Martins dos Santos Vitor A. P. , Suarez‐Diez Maria
Published: January 2022

Genome‐scale, constraint‐based models (GEM) and their derivatives are commonly used to model and gain insights into microbial metabolism. Often, however, their accuracy and predictive power are limited and enable only approximate designs. To improve their usefulness for strain and bioprocess design, we studied here their capacity to accurately predict metabolic changes in response to operational conditions in a bioreactor, as well as intracellular, active reactions. We used flux balance analysis (FBA) and dynamic FBA (dFBA) to predict growth dynamics of the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae under different industrially relevant conditions. We compared simulations with the latest developed GEM for this organism (Yeast8) and its enzyme‐constrained version (ecYeast8) herein described with experimental data and found that ecYeast8 outperforms Yeast8 in all the simulations. EcYeast8 was able to predict well‐known traits of yeast metabolism including the onset of the Crabtree effect, the order of substrate consumption during mixed carbon cultivation and production of a target metabolite. We showed how the combination of ecGEM and dFBA links reactor operation and genetic modifications to flux predictions, enabling the prediction of yields and productivities of different strains and (dynamic) production processes. Additionally, we present flux sampling as a tool to analyse flux predictions of ecGEM, of major importance for strain design applications. We showed that constraining protein availability substantially improves accuracy of the description of the metabolic state of the cell under dynamic conditions. This therefore enables more realistic and faithful designs of industrially relevant cell‐based processes and, thus, the usefulness of such models.
Association between IGF‐1 levels ranges and all‐cause mortality: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Rahmani Jamal , Montesanto Alberto , Giovannucci Edward , Zand Hamid , Barati Meisam , Kopchick John J. , Mirisola Mario G. , Lagani Vincenzo , Bawadi Hiba , Vardavas Raffaele , Laviano Alessandro , Christensen Kaare , Passarino Giuseppe , Longo Valter D.
Published: January 2022

The association between IGF‐1 levels and mortality in humans is complex with low levels being associated with both low and high mortality. The present meta‐analysis investigates this complex relationship between IGF‐1 and all‐cause mortality in prospective cohort studies. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library up to September 2019. Published studies were eligible for the meta‐analysis if they had a prospective cohort design, a hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for two or more categories of IGF‐1 and were conducted among adults. A random‐effects model with a restricted maximum likelihood heterogeneity variance estimator was used to find combined HRs for all‐cause mortality. Nineteen studies involving 30,876 participants were included. Meta‐analysis of the 19 eligible studies showed that with respect to the low IGF‐1 category, higher IGF‐1 was not associated with increased risk of all‐cause mortality (HR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.68–1.05). Dose–response analysis revealed a U‐shaped relation between IGF‐1 and mortality HR. Pooled results comparing low vs. middle IGF‐1 showed a significant increase of all‐cause mortality (HR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.14–1.57), as well as comparing high vs. middle IGF‐1 categories (HR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.06–1.44). Finally, we provide data on the association between IGF‐1 levels and the intake of proteins, carbohydrates, certain vitamins/minerals, and specific foods. Both high and low levels of IGF‐1 increase mortality risk, with a specific 120–160 ng/ml range being associated with the lowest mortality. These findings can explain the apparent controversy related to the association between IGF‐1 levels and mortality.
Accounting and First Nations: A Systematic Literature Review and Directions for Future Research
Authors: Norris Ellie , Kutubi Shawgat , Greenland Steven
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a synthesis of academic research focused on First Nations peoples, contrasting First Nations versus non‐Indigenous understandings of accounting and accountability. Key themes and trends in past research are identified across 51 publications spanning four decades, and directions for future research are proposed. The need for more culturally responsive accounting is well established, and past studies highlight the inadequacies of reporting practices which do not appear to capture the priorities and nuances of First Nations entities. The focus and execution of accounting research is shifting towards more contemporary experiences with accounting, and the contribution of First Nations worldviews to advances in non‐financial reporting. This paper systematically explains the inadequacies of contemporary reporting practices and encourages the accounting community to reflect on future opportunities. It is therefore relevant to both academics and practitioners seeking to uphold the rights of First Nations peoples to self‐determination in line with the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Further work is urgently required to ensure First Nations organisations are adequately supported in their reporting practices, to incorporate traditional knowledges and to achieve positive outcomes for their communities.
Lost mutualisms: Seed dispersal by Sumatran rhinos, the world’s most threatened megafauna
Authors: McConkey Kim R. , Aldy Firmann , Ong Lisa , Sutisna Deden Jaya , Campos‐Arceiz Ahimsa
Published: January 2022

Diverse assemblages of seed‐dispersing megafauna once existed in Asian rainforests, but are now almost solely represented by elephants. Asia's rhinos persist in remnant, ecologically extinct populations and the most threatened of these is the Sumatran rhino, Dicerorhinus sumatrensis. To understand the seed dispersal role of Sumatran rhinos, we consolidated information on fruit consumption, seed dispersal, and fruit traits from a 2‐month field study (Sumatra), local ecological knowledge (Peninsular Malaysia), and published and unpublished accounts. We evaluated differences between the taxa and traits of fruits dispersed by rhinos and elephants, and identified other dispersers of megafaunal‐syndrome fruits that were rhino‐dispersed. At least 79 plant species were dispersed by rhinos: overstorey plants (trees and climbers; 78% of species) had large, usually “mammal‐colored,” fruits and seeds, and were mainly drupes and berries; 61% of these were megafaunal‐syndrome fruits (>4 cm wide). Understorey plants (herbs, shrubs, and small trees) had small, often capsular, fruits and seeds that are potentially dispersed following the “foliage‐is‐the‐fruit” hypothesis. Rhinos were the only known disperser for 35% of the megafaunal‐fruit genera. The highest dispersal overlap shown was with elephants: fruits dispersed by rhinos tended to be capsular and were smaller than fruits dispersed by both elephants and rhinos. Given these findings and the different foraging and ranging behavior of Sumatran rhinos and elephants, we suggest that these megafauna had important differences in their seed dispersal roles. Asian rainforests have, therefore, lost an important seed dispersal mutualist. Conservation efforts should aim to protect and restore the ecological function of these unique creatures.

Abstract in Indonesian is available with online material.
Recruitment limitation in three large‐seeded plant species in a tropical moist forest
Authors: Garzon‐Lopez Carol X. , Barcenas Eduardo Medina , Ordoñez Alejandro , Jansen Patrick A. , Bohlman Stephanie A. , Olff Han
Published: January 2022

Recruitment limitation—the failure of a species to establish recruits at an available site—is a potential determinant of plant communities’ structure, causing local communities to be a limited subset of the regional species pool. Recruitment limitation results from three mechanisms: (i) lack of seed sources (i.e., source limitation), (ii) failure of available seeds to reach recruitment sites (i.e., dispersal limitation), and (iii) failure of arrived seeds to establish at a location (i.e., establishment limitation). Here, we evaluated the relative importance of these mechanisms in three co‐occurring tree species (Dipteryx oleifera,Attalea butyracea, andAstrocaryum standleyanum) that share seed dispersers/predators. The study was set up on Barro Colorado Island (Panama) at 62 one‐ha sites with varying tree densities. Source limitation was estimated as the proportion of sites that would be reached by seeds if seeds were distributed uniformly. Dispersal limitation was estimated from the number of sites with seeds in the soil bank. Establishment limitation was evaluated by measuring germination and 1‐year survival in seed addition experiments. The effect of conspecific and heterospecific densities on the mechanisms was evaluated at three spatial scales (1, 5, and 9 ha). For all species, seed predation was the most important recruitment component (~80% decrease in seed survival). Establishment varied among species and was affected by conspecific and heterospecific species densities across spatial scales. Given that species identity, distribution, and seed dispersal/predation affect recruitment at multiple scales, multiscale studies are required to understand how recruitment limitation determines community structure in tropical forests.

Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
Exosomes from M1‐polarized macrophages promote apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma via the miR‐181a‐5p/ETS1/STK16 axis
Authors: Wang Xuan , Huang Renhong , Lu Zhouyi , Wang Zheng , Chen Xiaofeng , Huang Dayu
Published: January 2022

Serine/threonine kinase 16 (STK16) is crucial in on regulating tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, and prognosis. Activated M1 macrophages regulate lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) growth by releasing exosomes. This study aims to investigate the role of STK16 and then focus on the possible mechanisms through which exosomes derived from M1 macrophages play their roles in LUAD cells by targeting STK16. Clinical LUAD samples were used to evaluate the expression of STK16 and its association with prognosis. Exosomes were isolated from M0 and M1 macrophages by ultracentrifugation and were then identified by electron microscopy and western blotting. In vitro gain‐ and loss‐of‐function experiments with LUAD cells were performed to elucidate the functions of miR‐181a‐5p, ETS1, and STK16, and mouse xenograft models were used to verify the function of STK16 in vivo. Western blotting, quantitative real‐time PCR, CCK‐8 assay, cell apoptosis, immunohistochemistry staining, luciferase assay, ChIP assay, and bioinformatics analysis were performed to reveal the underlying mechanisms. High expression of STK16 was observed in LUAD tissues and cells, and higher expression of STK16 was associated with worse prognosis. Silencing STK16 expression inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis via the AKT1 pathway. Exosomes from M1 macrophages inhibited viability and promoted apoptosis by inhibiting STK16. Moreover, miR‐181a‐5p is the functional molecule in M1 macrophage‐derived exosomes and plays a vital role in inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis by targeting ETS1 and STK16. Hence, exosomes derived from M1 macrophages were capable of inhibiting viability and promoting apoptosis in LUAD via the miR‐181a‐5p/ETS1/STK16 axis.
Contemporary selection on MHC genes in a free‐living ruminant population
Authors: Huang Wei , Dicks Kara L. , Hadfield Jarrod D. , Johnston Susan E. , Ballingall Keith T. , Pemberton Josephine M.
Published: January 2022

Genes within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are the most variable identified in vertebrates. Pathogen‐mediated selection is believed to be the main force maintaining MHC diversity. However, relatively few studies have demonstrated contemporary selection on MHC genes. Here, we examine associations between MHC variation and several fitness measurements including total fitness and five fitness components, in 3400 wild Soay sheep (Ovis aries) monitored between 1989 and 2012. In terms of total fitness, measured as lifetime breeding success of all individuals born, we found haplotypes named C and D were associated with decreased and increased male total fitness respectively. In terms of fitness components, juvenile survival was associated with haplotype divergence while individual haplotypes (C, D and F) were associated with adult fitness components. Consistent with the increased male total fitness, the rarest haplotype D has increased in frequency throughout the study period more than expected under neutral expectations. Our results demonstrate that contemporary natural selection is acting on MHC class II genes in Soay sheep and that the mode of selection on specific fitness components can be different mode from selection on total fitness.
The perceptions of general practice among Central and Eastern Europeans in the United Kingdom: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Poppleton Aaron , Howells Kelly , Adeyemi Isabel , Chew‐Graham Carolyn , Dikomitis Lisa , Sanders Caroline
Published: January 2022

Background

Around 2 million people have migrated from Central and Eastern Europe to the UK since 2004. The UK Central and Eastern European Community (UK‐CEE) are disproportionately exposed to the social determinants of poor physical and mental health. Their health and healthcare beliefs remain under‐researched, particularly regarding primary care.

Objective

This review explores UK‐CEE community members' use and perceptions of UK general practice.

Methods

A systematic search of nine bibliographic databases identified 2094 publications that fulfilled the search criteria. Grey literature searches identified 16 additional relevant publications. Screening by title and abstract identified 201 publications of relevance, decreasing to 65 after full‐text screening. Publications were critically appraised, with data extracted and coded. Thematic analysis using constant comparison allowed generation of higher‐order thematic constructs.

Results

Full UK‐CEE national representation was achieved. Comparatively low levels of GP registration were described, with ability, desire and need to engage with GP services shaped by the interconnected nature of individual community members' cultural and sociodemographic factors. Difficulties overcoming access and in‐consultation barriers are common, with health expectations frequently unmet. Distrust and dissatisfaction with general practice often persist, promoting alternative health‐seeking approaches including transnational healthcare. Marginalized UK‐CEE community subgroups including Roma, trafficked and homeless individuals have particularly poor GP engagement and outcomes. Limited data on the impact of Brexit and COVID‐19 could be identified.

Conclusions

Review findings demonstrate the need for codesigned approaches to remove barriers to engagement, culturally adapt and develop trust in GP care for UK‐CEE individuals.

Community Involvement

Community members and stakeholders shaped the conceptualisation of the review question and validation of emergent themes.
Brunsting‐Perry pemphigoid: a systematic review
Authors: Aromolo Italo Francesco , Maronese Carlo Alberto , Moltrasio Chiara , Genovese Giovanni , Marzano Angelo Valerio
Published: January 2022

Background

Brunsting‐Perry pemphigoid (BPP) is a rare, autoimmune bullous skin disorder classified within the spectrum of mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP).

Materials and Methods

An a priori protocol was designed based on PRISMA guidelines. PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for English‐language articles concerning BPP published between 1950 and July 2021.

Results

Thirty‐six articles including 63 BPP patients were analyzed. The mean age at diagnosis was 62.9 years (range: 27‐86). BPP was shown to be characterized by vesiculobullous lesions (46/63, 73.0%) on an erythematous base, erosions or ulcerations (27/63, 42.9%), atrophic scars (49/63, 77.8%), and milia (4/63, 6.3%). Exclusive oral mucosal involvement was documented in 22.2% of cases, usually manifesting after the cutaneous onset of the disease. Subepidermal blistering was a constant finding, often with an eosinophil‐rich inflammatory infiltrate (21/58, 36.2%). Positive direct immunofluorescence was found in 92.0% of patients, almost always with linear IgG ± C3 deposits along the basement membrane (43/46, 93.5%). BP180 (12/15, 80.0%), BP230 (5/15, 33.3%), and laminin 332 (3/15, 20.0%) were the most frequently identified target antigens.

Conclusions

BPP nosologic position remains uncertain, given the overlap with other autoimmune bullous diseases, such as MMP, bullous pemphigoid, and epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, particularly in its BPP‐like variant. Nonpredominant oral mucosal lesions may appear during the course of the disease, generally after cutaneous manifestations. Positivity of DIF and anti‐BP180/230 autoantibodies detected on ELISA/immunoblotting in the absence of anticollagen VII antibodies may provide guidance in diagnosing BPP.
Aetiological, clinical and therapeutic prognostic factors for the evolution of deep vein thrombosis followed up with serial venous Doppler ultrasound
Authors: Parv Florina , Tudoran Cristina , Parv Cristina , Tudoran Mariana , Ivan Viviana , Pop Gheorghe N. , Maris Mihaela , Ungureanu Ana‐Maria , Gadalean Florica
Published: January 2022

Background

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a dynamic process that can be followed up with Doppler ultrasound (DUS).

Aims

To evaluate the role of certain factors that can influence the evolution of DVT.

Methods

In 121 DVT patients (mean age 58.19 ± 14.47 years; 30 with no venous thromboembolism (VTE) identifiable risk factors (RF), 31 with weak RF, 30 with moderate RF and 30 with strong RF), DUS was performed at admission and after 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. Favourable evolution was defined as complete resolution of thrombus, whereas unfavourable evolution was defined as incomplete resolution, thrombosis recurrence or post‐thrombotic syndrome.

Results

Complete thrombus resolution was found at 1 month (M1) in 24.8% of patients, at 6 months (M6) in 49.6% and at 24 months (M24) in 61.2% of patients. Favourable evolution was seen in younger patients at M1 and M3 (P = 0.004 and P = 0.045) and in cases with earlier treatment (P < 0.0001). In proximal DVT, the risk of non‐favourable evolution was higher (4.05 times at M3, 4.23 times at M6 and 4.29 times at M12). Patients with moderate RF had an earlier favourable evolution (40% at M1, 56.67% at M6 and 70% at M24), and patients with strong RF had the lowest rate of thrombus regression (20% at M1, 36.67% at M6 and 43.33% at M24).

Conclusions

DVT evolution can last up to 24 months. Older age, strong VTE RF, proximal DVT localisation and late start of therapy constitute unfavourable evolutive prognosis. These cases need closer clinical and DUS monitoring to prevent complications.
Thermal stress accommodation in dip cast lead zirconate‐titanate ferroelectric films on flexible substrates
Authors: Peters Travis , Cheng Christopher , Rossetti George A. , Trolier‐McKinstry Susan
Published: January 2022

Piezoelectric thin films were dip coat deposited onto flexible metal substrates to investigate the dependence of dielectric and ferroelectric properties on the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch and substrate thickness. The bending stiffness was controlled by the thickness of the substrate. Grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction displayed distinct peak splitting for [Pb0.98▪0.01(Zr0.52Ti0.48)Nb0.02O3] on flexible Pt, Ni, Ag, and stiff Ni substrates, where the out‐of‐plane d‐spacing and integrated peak area for c‐domains were highest with the largest film compressive stress. As expected, lead zirconate titanate (PZT) films on stiff Si were under tensile stress and contained more in‐plane domains. The dielectric permittivity was highest in PZT on stiff Si and lowest for PZT on thick Ni, while remanent polarization displayed the opposite trend, commensurate with the residual stress state as well as the resistance to bending in thick substrates as a strain‐relief mechanism. The irreversible Rayleigh coefficient decreased dramatically upon poling for PZT on flexible substrates compared to PZT on stiff substrates; the ratio was 56% higher in PZT on a flexible Ni substrate relative to a stiff Ni substrate at 100 Hz prior to electrical poling. This investigation distinguishes the impact of substrate flexibility from thermal expansion on ferroelectric domain mobility and provides dip‐coating conditions for high‐quality piezoelectric films on any substrate.
Teaching the ideas of others: Is there a problem?
Authors: Lipscomb Martin
Published: January 2022

University nurse educators do not always possess subject expertize in the non‐nursing disciplines from which the ideas they use in teaching are derived. This is potentially problematic. Subject expertize can be variously defined. Nonetheless, expertize is associated with education, and education is often assessed by processes culminating in accreditation. Nurse educators, however, do not hold first degrees in every subject they take ideas from (e.g. biology, ethics, pharmacology, philosophy, psychology, sociology, etc.), and in consequence ideas are brought to the attention of students studying for first and higher degrees by educators who lack accreditation at the level at which the ideas they use in teaching are taken. Disjunctures between accredited learning and teaching generate epistemological and other conundrums. Nevertheless, bluntly, absent subject expertize, educators risk talking nonsense when poorly understood ideas are presented to students.
LL body contour technique—A new way of gluteal contouring and augmentation with hyaluronic acid filler
Authors: Lourenço Luciana M. , de Noronha Maria Gabriela Ortiz , Colla Lara Apendino , Izzo Thomaz Rezende , Sigrist Rosa , Braz André
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Enhancing and altering body contours has increasingly been the focus of new technologies and techniques in aesthetic treatments. The buttocks are seen as a symbol of beauty, sensuality, and attraction.

Patients and methods

The authors described a technique for female and male gluteal augmentation. It uses a special marking, a safe plan, and a specific product. The patients chosen for this technique wanted to have an augmentation or projection effect on the buttocks, but were not willing to undergo surgery. The product used was Sofiderm Subskin Aeskins. The plan of injection was the subcutaneous as no major blood vessels were found.

Results

The authors report good aesthetic results with the proposed technique. The patients reported a high degree of satisfaction.

Discussion

The product chosen has a high G prime and a larger molecule size, which accounts for resistance to deformation and a high lifting power. Thus, result can be visible in a large body area. As the anatomy between male and female buttocks are different, different techniques were used for each gender.

Conclusion

The LL body contour technique for gluteal augmentation proved to be a minimally invasive technique, with quick results, without major risks and downtime.
Cause–effect relationships shaping the popularity of cosmetic surgery: Analysis of influencing factors
Authors: Gök Balcı Umut , Kebapçı Eyüp , Altındağ Burak
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Nowadays, cosmetic surgery procedures have become quite popular. In this study, cosmetic surgery preferences and cause–effect relationships will be examined.

Methods

In our study, a sociodemographic data questionnaire prepared by the researcher, Acceptance of Cosmetic Surgery Scale (ACSS), and Body Image Quality of Life Inventory (BIQLI) were used. The surveys were conducted on random people over the age of 18, and approximately 511 people were reached.

Results

The mean age of those included in the study was 39.18 ± 8.9 years, and 75.05% were female and 24.95% were male. It was concluded that there was a statistically significant, linear, same‐sided, and weak relationship between BIQLI scores and daily life sub‐dimension, although not between the age of the individuals and their ACSS scores. Female individuals' ACSS scores, interpersonal, social, and thoughts mean scores were significantly higher than male individuals. As the total scores of ACSS increase, the scores of interaction with partner also increase. It was observed that people mostly believed that cosmetic surgery would make them feel good and that they should definitely try it if it made them happy. The rate of not choosing was high because of the fear of side effects and financial concerns.

Conclusion

Although the individuals participating in our study gave themselves high satisfaction scores on subjects such as the joy of life, self‐confidence, social relations, and the need to appear attractive to partner, they had a positive view of cosmetic surgery procedures. It was seen that the feeling of dissatisfaction came to the fore among the reasons.
Cultural orientations and their influence on social behaviour: Catalysation and suppression
Authors: Tutić Andreas
Published: January 2022

It is argued that the model of frame selection as a specific version of the dual‐process perspective provides a clear theoretical conceptualisation of the mechanisms by which cultural orientations such as values, attitudes, and internalised norms influence social behaviour. In particular, the model of frame selection allows the derivation of two fundamental action‐theoretical principles. According to the principle of catalysation, situationally relevant cultural orientations have a greater impact on social behaviour, if the behaviour comes about in an intuitive rather than a reflective manner. The principle of suppression states that external factors of the objective situation, which lack salience with respect to situationally relevant cultural orientations, have a greater impact on reflective rather than intuitive behaviour. These two principles can be combined with the so‐called logic of mode selection to derive a multitude of empirically testable hypotheses regarding the question of how motivational factors such as thinking dispositions and feeling of rightness as well as cognitive resources such as time for reflection and availability of working memory moderate the influence of cultural orientations on behaviour.
Untangling the complexity of designing tools to support tangible and digital intercultural story telling in troubled times: a case in point
Authors: Sylla Cristina , Gil Maitê , Pereira Íris Susana Pires
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we present a descriptive case study of the Mobeybou materials, a kit of tangible and digital tools aimed at offering young children opportunities to read, create and share intercultural stories. The tools comprise a set of story apps that present interactive, multimodal and intercultural stories for children to make meanings with, a digital manipulative (DM) and a storyMaker (a digital replication of the DM) that offer the possibility for embodied, collaborative and creative construction of stories by the children themselves. After presenting the materials, we describe how they evolved as an interface of convergence of several complementary theories. By doing this, our major intention is to contribute to the understanding that the design of tools and technologies aimed at creating meaningful and inclusive opportunities for digital story telling in troubled times is a complex, demanding endeavour, but can also be a powerful tool to address the complexities of the troubled times we are living in.
Physiological acclimatization in high‐latitude zooplankton
Authors: Roncalli Vittoria , Niestroy Jeanette , Cieslak Matthew C. , Castelfranco Ann M. , Hopcroft Russell R. , Lenz Petra H.
Published: January 2022

How individual organisms adapt to nonoptimal conditions through physiological acclimatization is central to predicting the consequences of unusual abiotic and biotic conditions such as those produced by marine heat waves. The Northeast Pacific, including the Gulf of Alaska, experienced an extreme warming event (2014–2016, “The Blob”) that affected all trophic levels and led to large‐scale changes in the community. The marine copepod Neocalanus flemingeri is a key member of the subarctic Pacific pelagic ecosystem. During the spring phytoplankton bloom this copepod builds substantial lipid stores as it prepares for its nonfeeding adult phase. A 3‐year comparison of gene expression profiles of copepods collected in Prince William Sound in the Gulf of Alaska between 2015 and 2017 included two high‐temperature years (2015 and 2016) and one year with very low phytoplankton abundances (2016). The largest differences in gene expression were between high and low chlorophyll years, and not between warm and cool years. The observed gene expression patterns were indicative of physiological acclimatization. The predominant signal in 2016 was the down‐regulation of genes involved in glycolysis and its incoming pathways, consistent with the modulation of metabolic rates in response to prolonged low food conditions. Despite the down‐regulation of genes involved in metabolism, there was no evidence of suppression of protein synthesis based on gene expression or behavioural activity. Genes involved in muscle function were up‐regulated, and the copepods were actively swimming and responsive to stimuli at collection. However, genes involved in fatty acid metabolism were down‐regulated in 2016, suggesting reduced lipid accumulation.
Complex genetic patterns and distribution limits mediated by native congeners of the worldwide invasive red‐eared slider turtle
Authors: Espindola Sayra , Vázquez‐Domínguez Ella , Nakamura Miguel , Osorio‐Olvera Luis , Martínez‐Meyer Enrique , Myers Edward A. , Overcast Isaac , Reid Brendan N. , Burbrink Frank T.
Published: January 2022

Non‐native (invasive) species offer a unique opportunity to study the geographical distribution and range limits of species, wherein the evolutionary change driven by interspecific interactions between native and non‐native closely related species is a key component. The red‐eared slider turtle, Trachemys scripta elegans (TSE), has been introduced and successfully established worldwide. It can coexist with its native congeners T. cataspila, T. venusta and T. taylori in Mexico. We performed comprehensive fieldwork, executed a battery of genetic analyses and applied a novel species distribution modelling approach to evaluate their historical lineage relationships and contemporary population genetic patterns. Our findings support the historical common ancestry between native TSE and non‐native (TSEalien), while also highlighting the genetic differentiation of the exotic lineage. Genetic patterns are associated with their range size/endemism gradient; the microendemic T. taylori showed significant reduced genetic diversity and high differentiation, whereas TSEalien showed the highest diversity and signals of population size expansion. Counter to our expectations, lower naturally occurring distribution overlap and little admixture patterns were found between TSE and its congeners, exhibiting reduced gene flow and clear genetic separation across neighbouring species despite having zones of contact. We demonstrate that these native Trachemys species have distinct climatic niche suitability, probably preventing establishment of and displacement by the TSEalien. Moreover, we found major niche overlap between TSEalien and native species worldwide, supporting our prediction that sites with closer ecological optima to the invasive species have higher establishment risk than those that are closer to the niche‐centre of the native species.
Post accidental injury: Mediating roles of emotional expressivity, rumination, and posttraumatic growth
Authors: Pan Yinzhu , Zhao Haifeng , Xu Huan , Huang Yingying , Dong Chaoqun
Published: January 2022

This study explored the relationship between rumination (deliberate or intrusive), emotional expressivity (positive or negative), and posttraumatic growth among patients within 1 month after an accidental injury. Using a cross‐sectional design, 313 patients were investigated in two comprehensive hospitals. The results revealed that intrusive rumination had a significant positive effect on posttraumatic growth, partly through four different pathways: (i) the mediating role of deliberate rumination; (ii) the chain mediating role of deliberate rumination and negative emotional expressivity; (iii) the chain mediating role of negative emotional expressivity and positive emotional expressivity; and (iv) the chain mediating role of negative emotional expressivity, positive emotional expressivity, and deliberate rumination. Interventions to encourage emotional expressivity and facilitate the transition from intrusive rumination to deliberate rumination may promote posttraumatic growth soon after an accidental injury.
Using anatomical traits to understand root functions across root orders of herbaceous species in a temperate steppe
Authors: Zhou Meng , Guo Yumeng , Sheng Jun , Yuan Yujia , Zhang Wen‐Hao , Bai Wenming
Published: January 2022

Root anatomical traits play crucial roles in understanding root functions and root form–function linkages. However, the root anatomy and form–function linkages of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous herbs remain largely unknown.

We measured order‐based anatomical traits and mycorrhizal colonization rates of 32 perennial herbs of monocotyledons and dicotyledons in a temperate steppe.

For monocots, relative constant proportion of cortex and mycorrhizal colonization rates, but increased cell‐wall thickening of the endodermis and proportion of stele were observed across root orders, indicating a slight reduction in absorption capacity and improvement in transportation capacity across orders. For dicots, the cortex and mycorrhizal colonization disappeared in the fourth‐order and/or fifth‐order roots, whereas the secondary vascular tissue increased markedly, suggesting significant transition of root functions from absorption to transportation across root orders. The allometric relationships between stele and cortex differed across root orders and plant groups, suggesting different strategies to coordinate the absorption and transportation functions among plant groups.

In summary, our results revealed different functional transition patterns across root orders and distinct strategies for coordinating the absorption and transportation of root system between monocots and dicots. These findings will contribute to our understanding of the root form and functions in herbaceous species.