bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Moderate-dose Regular Lifelong Alcohol Intake Changes the Intestinal Flora, Protects against Aging, and Keeps Spatial Memory in the Senescence-accelerated Mouse Prone 8 (SAMP8) Model
Authors: Shimizu Chikako , Oki Yasuhiro , Mitani Yutaka , Tsuchiya Youichi , Nabeshima Toshitaka
Published: November 2016

Purpose: Heavy and long-term alcohol consumption increase the risk of alcohol-related diseases. Epidemiological studies show moderate drinking reduces the risk of mortality, cardiovascular diseases, and brain infarction in the J-shaped or U-shaped curve effect. However, why moderate drinkers may be healthy and non-drinkers may be ill in diverse populations remains controversial. Herein, we examined the relationship between moderate/lifelong alcohol intake and aging, especially aging-related cognitive functions in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) model.  Methods: SAMP8 model (5-week-old, male, n = 36), a model of age-related cognitive deficit, were group-housed (n = 6/cage) and provided free access to water (water group, n = 18) or 1% ethanol (EtOH group, n = 18, intake started when mice were 9 weeks old). The object recognition test (ORT) and object location test (OLT) were used to evaluate cognitive functions. The intestinal flora at the age of 87 weeks was analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). Results:  The lifespan of the EtOH-group mice was about 4 weeks longer than that of the water-group mice. In the EtOH group, spatial recognition impairment, assessed by OLT, was observed later (age, 73 weeks) than that in the water group (age, 52 weeks). The spinal curvature and skin conditions progressed significantly slower in the EtOH group than in the water group. Moreover, diarrhea symptoms only appeared in the water group, at the age of 82 weeks. The T-RFLP analysis of the intestinal flora indicated higher Lactobacillales order and lower Clostridium cluster XI in the EtOH group than in the water group, although those were extremely high in some mice close to death in both groups. Water-group mice with diarrhea presented significantly higher Clostridium cluster XI than did those without diarrhea (P = 0.017). Conclusion:  Moderate alcohol intake changes intestinal flora and positively affects aging of SAMP8 model.
EDITORIAL: Plágio e ineditismo dos artigos
Authors: Amoras Fernando Castro
Published: November 2016

EDITORIAL: Plágio e ineditismo dos artigos

A partir deste ano de 2016, a revista Estação Científica (UNIFAP) passou a adotar, como instrumento auxiliar da seleção dos artigos que serão publicados, a checagem de plágio nos conteúdos dos trabalhos que recebemos. Consta no site da revista a informação de que todos os trabalhos passarão por verificação de plágio, e desta forma alerta-se que sejam apresentados à Estação Científica (UNIFAP) apenas os trabalhos que tenham autenticidade de autoria. 
O aluno do PROEJA no município de Muriaé: Escola Municipal “Professora Odaléia Morais de Azevedo”
Authors: Moreira Raquel Veggi , Lirio Larissa Mendonça
Published: November 2016

O presente artigo teve objetivo principal traçar um perfil do aluno do Programa Nacional de Integração da Educação Profissional com a Educação Básica na modalidade de Educação de Jovens e Adultos da Escola Municipal “Professora Odaléia Morais de Azevedo”, no município de Muriaé-MG. Optou-se como procedimento metodológico a revisão de literatura de cunho exploratório, bem como, a coleta de dados, através da aplicação de questionário, e sua análise dos dados foi quantificada utilizando-se estatística simples, em amostra de 55 estudantes da EJA (Educação de Jovens e Adultos). Observou-se que a maioria dos alunos é do sexo feminino, entre 41 e 62 anos, e compreendem este espaço como uma oportunidade de melhoria de vida.  A qualidade do ensino para esse público precisa passar pela boa gestão e qualificação dos docentes, além da motivação e atratividade para os discentes, com a finalidade de alcançar cada vez mais, melhores resultados no processo ensino-aprendizagem, além disso é preciso que os professores considerem a diversidade desses alunos.
La responsabilidad social empresarial, compromiso con la comunidad y el cuidado del medio ambiente
Authors: López Regalado Martha Elena , Perusquía Velasco Juan Manuel , Valladares Icedo Omar , Villalón Cañas Rocío , Ramírez Torres Margarita
Published: November 2016

El concepto de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial ha evolucionado en los últimos años. En la actualidad, el objetivo principal de la empresa no radica solamente en satisfacer las necesidades monetarias de los accionistas, sino en buscar la participación de todos los involucrados en la empresa, con los diferentes grupos de interés que interactúan con el entorno, ya sean clientes, proveedores, trabajadores y la sociedad en general, impactando en la comunidad con acciones socialmente responsables. Debido a que el concepto ha adquirido nuevos matices como responsabilidad social, responsabilidad económica y responsabilidad medioambiental, entre otras, tratándose de la gran responsabilidad de las acciones que tienen las empresas de realizar actos sociales o del bien común para lograr  sus objetivos sin perjudicar las economías de su comunidad, se presenta el siguiente trabajo, enfocado en especial en dos grandes indicadores de la responsabilidad social, como son el cuidado del medioambiente y el bienestar de la comunidad.
Conceptualización y marco analítico explicativo del multilateralismo latinoamericano
Authors: Giacalone Rita
Published: November 2016

Este artículo resume las principales conceptualizaciones del multilateralismo latinoamericano que aparecen en la literatura, a fin de identificar sus contribuciones y debilidades. A partir de esa identificación, se propone un proceso alternativo para conceptualizarlo que incluye variables descriptivas y explicativas, y tiene en cuenta el contexto del sistema regional, así como los intereses de los poderes regionales y otros actores estatales. El objetivo es evaluar si existe un marco analítico propio para el estudio del multilateralismo en América Latina.
El regionalismo centroamericano: entre la unión y la integración
Authors: Aguilera Peralta Gabriel
Published: November 2016

El trabajo examina la experiencia de la región centroamericana, constituida inicialmente por Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua y Costa Rica, como una entidad integrada bajo la colonia española, una federación durante sus primeros años de vida independiente, su separación, la constitución de las repúblicas actuales y los repetidos esfuerzos realizados en un comienzo para reconstituir una unión y, posteriormente, para una integración. Se examina en particular el rol del Sistema de Integración Centroamericano (SICA), analizando las etapas por las que ha atravesado, los diversos paradigmas que han guiado el proyecto, su proyección en la arena multilateral, sus problemas y perspectivas actuales. Se sostiene que su modelo de regionalización es específico ya que, a diferencia de otros modelos de integración, el centroamericano se distingue por tener como raíz una experiencia histórica de unidad. La discusión se ubica en el marco del proceso de globalización.
Participative Budgeting, Budgetary Slack And Job Satisfaction In The Public Sector
Authors: Kahar Suleman H. A. , Rohman Abdul , Chariri Anis
Published: November 2016

This study explores the relationship of participative budgeting on budgetary slack in the public sector in Indonesia, by examining the roles of job satisfaction on these variables. A total of 185 budget managers of regional work units in the in North Maluku province government, Indonesia, participated in the survey. The effective rate of return was 82.52 percent.  A structural equation modeling was used to examine the direct and indirect effects of participative budgeting on budgetary slack. In particular, the study gives empirical evidences that participative budgeting factors affect budgetary slack mediated by intervening variables factors of job satisfaction. The results revealed the significantly negative effect of participative budgeting on budgetary slack, the significantly positive effect of participative budgeting on job satisfaction. This result affirmed the significantly negative impact of job satisfaction as a mediating variables on budgetary slack. However, the results could not find the indication of moderating effect of job satisfaction in the relationship of these variables.
The Effect Of IFRS Adoption On Likelihood Of Management Earnings Forecasts: Evidence In Korea
Authors: Rhee Chang Seop , Yoo Yong Keun , Cha Seung Min
Published: November 2016

Korean listed companies adopted International financial reporting standards (IFRS) in 2011 mandatorily. The IFRS adoption modifies corporate financial reporting structure and further it can affect managers’ incentive for disclosing their earnings forecasts. We investigate the association between IFRS adoption and likelihood of management earnings forecasts. From the empirical results, we find that mandatory IFRS adopted companies are less likely to issue their earnings forecasts after IFRS adoption. It implies that investors’ belief about management earnings forecasts as useful information is weakened after IFRS adoption compare to pre-IFRS adoption period. Therefore, managers’ incentive for providing earnings forecasts decreases. This study will contribute to academics and disclosure-related practitioners by reporting how IFRS adoption makes an influence to managers’ incentive of management earnings forecasts issuance. We also believe that the empirical evidence may shed some lights on the understanding of the spillover effect of IFRS adoption to management earnings forecasts.
Key Factors Influencing Pricing Strategies For Small Business Enterprises (SMEs): Are They Important?
Authors: Cant Michael Colin , Wiid Jan , Sephapo Catherine Mpolokeng
Published: November 2016

Price is a critical component for any business and can be crucial in the survival of the business. If the price is not set in line with the selected target market it can negatively impact on the product and the company’s profitability. The main goals of any profit seeking organisation is to make a profit and in order to achieve this goal all areas related to the management of the product, costs and the setting of the price need to be managed correctly.   The primary aim of this study was therefore to investigate the factors considered by small business enterprises (SME’s) when developing their pricing strategies. To address this problem adequately, the research methodology was based on the primary data collected from South African SMEs.  As SME’s show common traits all over the world, it is accepted that any findings will be universally applicable.  A questionnaire was distributed to 88 SMEs to gather relevant data regarding factors considered when determining prices.  The data was quantified and analysed by examining the frequency of occurrences and the importance of the problem. The study found that SME’s generally agree that price setting is influenced by competitor information and macro environmental factors such as fuel prices and inflation.  There was a general agreement amongst the SME’s that consumers relationships and the benefits that they, the consumers enjoy form the product as well as product performance are important aspects to consider when determining prices.
Rural Entrepreneurship: An Insight Into Impeding Factors Influencing Micro-Entrepreneurial Growth
Authors: Babalola Sunday Samson , Agbenyegah Albert Tchey
Published: November 2016

The call for the growth of successful entrepreneurial activities across the globe raised the need to determine the influencing factors affecting micro-entrepreneurial growth. Hence, this study adopted a cross-sectional survey design to examine determinants of micro-entrepreneurial growth among micro-entrepreneurs. Two hundred and eighty-two micro-entrepreneurs were sampled through snowball and convenience techniques. The findings showed that stepwise multiple regression analysis identified four models in the prediction of micro-entrepreneurial growth. Specifically, operational challenge (β = -.35, p < .001), lack of support, β = -.17, p < .001), workforce challenge (β = .22, p < .001), and personal factors (β = -.21, p < .01) are significant predictors of micro-entrepreneurial growth. The findings were discussed in line with the literature while recommendations in terms of decision-making applications, and provision of developmental programs in assisting rural entrepreneurship for enhancement of growth were suggested.
Effects Of Firm Uncertainty On Association R&D Expenditure And Firm Performance: Evidence From Korea
Authors: Chung Anjung , Park Sambock
Published: November 2016

R&D expenditures not only improve competitiveness but also develop future growth engines. Previous studies have been conducted in relation to the relationships between R&D expenditures and individual corporate characteristics. We examine differences in the effects of firms’ R&D expenditures on firm performance (earnings persistence, earnings growth, firm value) among the firms’ uncertainty levels. In this study, 9,767 firm-year observations that settle their account end December listed on the Korea Stock Exchange (KSE) from 2002 to 2011 were empirically analyzed. The empirical findings of the study are as follows. First, R&D expenditures of firms with higher uncertainty levels had larger effects on earnings persistence than those of firms with lower uncertainty levels. Second, R&D expenditures of firms with higher uncertainty levels had larger effects on earnings growth than those of firms with lower uncertainty levels. Finally, the R&D expenditures of firms with higher uncertainty levels had larger effects on firm value than those of firms with lower uncertainty levels. Given these results. Both uncertainty and R&D expenditures can be regarded as being determined in the long term. We contribute to existing research in three main respects. First, reflecting firms’ uncertainty levels when analyzing the effects of R&D expenditures on firm performance (earnings persistence, earnings growth, firm value) is essential. Second, the characteristics of firms’ accounting and financial characteristics should be considered when determining R&D expenditures. Third, the fact that R&D expenditures affect firm performance according to firms’ uncertainty levels is helpful when managers make decisions on R&D expenditures.
Fair Value Accounting And Financial Stability – Based On The Adoption
Authors: Im Chae Chang , Choi Ahrum , Yim Sungtaek
Published: November 2016

Fair value accounting refers to the accounting method which an asset or liability is estimated based on the current market price, so called fair value. Under the fair value accounting, it is more difficult for managers to hide bad information, because the value of an asset or liabilities is re-estimated periodically to reflect the changes in fair value in the market. In this case, firms’ financial stability will be increased. On the other hand, fair value accounting can intensity the volatility of the numbers in the financial statement, which leads to decreases the financial stability. This papers empirically examines the effect of the fair value accounting on the financial stability based on the IFRS adoption in Korea. Using the non-financial firms listed in KOSPI and KOSDAQ from 2000 to 2013, we find that the expansion of fair value accounting increases financial stability. The results support the argument that fair value accounting prohibits managers from hiding bad information, rather it enforces the disclosure of value-relevant information to the investors. The results are consistent with a battery of robustness checks. Thus, the overall results show that the expansion of fair value accounting increase financial stability.
Serviço Social do Hospital das Clinicas da Unicamp: uma trajetória histórica de legitimidade
Authors: Camilo Maria Virgínia Righetti Fernandes , Terra Sandra Regina de Angelis Monteiro
Published: November 2016

Este artigo discute a trajetória histórica do Serviço Social do Hospital de Clínicas da UNICAMP pontuando os grupos e sujeitos que articularam, nos diferentes momentos, respostas frente às questões sociais que permeiam a instituição e a sociedade. Neste sentido, faz um resgate articulando as diretrizes da Política Nacional de Saúde e os momentos de inflexão que marcam o espaço institucional, onde se insere o Serviço Social no decorrer dos 35 anos: Das origens; Transição Democrática; Período Pós Constitucional e Perspectivas para o Novo Milênio.
O serviço social na area de recursos humanos da UNICAMP
Authors: Baldo Elienai Ortega Martins , Oliveira Andréia Moreira de , Cesário Selma Silva , Cezar Lilian Sagio
Published: November 2016

Neste artigo buscamos contextualizar o Serviço Social na área de Recursos Humanos na Universidade Estadual de Campinas buscando apreender sua trajetória histórica e a prática de um serviço cuja intervenção é multidisciplinar inserida em uma instituição de ensino, pesquisa e de prestação de serviços.
A importância da interdisciplinaridade no atendimento dos distúrbios da diferenciação do sexo em hospital universitário
Authors: Guerra Júnior Gil , Ceschinia Mariangela , Bittencourt Zelia Zilda Lourenço Camargo , Baptista Maria Tereza Matias , Marques-de-Faria Antonia Paula , Silva Roberto Benedito de Paiva e , Maciel-Guerra Andrea Trevas
Published: November 2016

Os portadores de distúrbios da diferenciação sexual podem ser detectados ao nascimento por apresentarem ambigüidade genital, ou na puberdade por hipogonadismo. São problemas médicos e sociais urgentes e complexos, necessitando o envolvimento de vários profissionais da área da saúde para agilização e precisão na conduta diagnostica e terapêutica desses casos. O atendimento interdisciplinar surge como a alternativa para sua resolução. Essa é a proposta do Grupo Interdisciplinar de Estudos da Determinação e Diferenciação do Sexo (GIEDDS) da UNICAMP. Criado em 1988, o GIEDDS já atendeu cerca de 800 pacientes, entre casos de ambigüidade genital, hipogonadismo, ou suspeita clínica de síndrome de Turner.
Abuso sexual de crianças e adolescentes: trama, drama e trauma
Authors: Faleiros Vicente de Paula
Published: November 2016

Neste texto é abordada a questão do abuso sexual de crianças e adolescentes tanto como uma relação complexa de violência, segredo e cumplicidade intra-familiar como uma relação social inserida no imaginário social como trama de relações, drama social e trauma para os vitimizados. O artigo aponta também para a superação dessa violência, propugnando por um paradigma de pensamento e ação fundados na defesa dos direitos humanos, na apreensão da complexidade da questão da violência sexual e da sexualidade, na mudança das dinâmicas familiares e de seu contexto, e na construção de redes sociais.
Tendências da urbanização brasileira: o desafio de reterritorializar nossas cidades
Authors: Nakano Kazuo
Published: November 2016

Tendências da urbanização brasileira: o desafio de reterritorializar nossas cidades
Notificação da violencia domestica contra crianças e adolescentes: uma questão de cidadania
Authors: Rossi Dalva , Silva João Luiz de Carvalho Pinto e
Published: November 2016

O texto aborda a importância da Notificação da Violência Doméstica praticada contra crianças e adolescentes enquanto garantia de cidadania desta parcela da população. O artigo enfoca que os profissionais da saúde, quando se deparam com uma suspeita ou confirmação no seu cotidiano de trabalho, devem tomar uma medida de proteção como a notificação. Reflete sobre a complexidade do assunto e enfatiza que a notificação é um procedimento que pode significar a interrupção do ciclo de violência e deve ser realizado por profissionais de diferentes categorias e por todos os segmentos da sociedade.
Formação profissional e trabalho: a educação na articulação entre o saber e o fazer
Authors: Mioto Odilamar Lopes
Published: November 2016

Este artigo apresenta a recuperação histórica da profissão enfermagem destacando o surgimento, a regulamentação e a qualificação inseridas na formação Técnico em Enfermagem. Esta se estratifica como uma divisão interna da profissão fundamentada no credenciamento escolar. Para isto, relata uma vertente da trajetória da profissão enfermagem objetivando reconstituir a legitimação deste saber específico em relação ao saber médico. Depoimentos orais de Técnicos em Enfermagem, em um hospital público da cidade de Americana -SP, foram obtidos utilizando-se de entrevista semi-estruturada. Para tanto, analisou-se aspectos ligados à regulamentação e exercício da profissão enfermagem no Brasil, a trajetória da educação profissional bem como a qualificação das mulheres, presença quase totalitária na profissão, que permeia o cuidar da enfermagem e sua legitimação na relação salarial. Destaca-se assim, a importância da educação formal, o aval do Estado e a identidade coletiva da profissão.
Conferências nacionais de saúde: ganhos democráticos ou reprodução da nossa cultura política?
Authors: Krüger Tânia Regina
Published: November 2016

Este texto apresenta e analisa os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada na 12ª Conferência Nacional de Saúde, em 2003, com objetivo de conhecer os pontos positivos e negativos que os seus participantes identificaram na realização destas plenárias. As Conferências de Saúde vêm sendo reconhecidas como amplos espaços de democratização do setor saúde, tendo em vista seu papel de avaliar e fazer proposições para efetivação da política de saúde. Nestas duas décadas de vida do SUS as Conferências de Saúde estão formalmente representando uma socialização do debate político e estão abrindo canais à participação para segmentos sociais antes excluídos do debate sobre as decisões públicas e governamentais. No entanto, os resultados deste estudo apontam que estes ganhos são parciais e contraditórios.
A crise do planejamento
Authors: Faleiros Vicente de Paula
Published: November 2016

Este artigo trata das propostas e do processo de planejamento socioeconômico, considerando que o mesmo não constitui uma técnica neutra mas uma arena de conflitos entre técnicos e políticos, Sociedade e Estado, acumulação de capital e legitimação política. Analisa a diversidade de formas de planejamento nos contextos históricos do capitalismo e a relação entre estratégia, democracia e poder centralizador no planejamento. Conclui que a chamada racionalidade da planificação e a relação entre estratégia e democracia estão articuladas à relação de forças sociais e ao contexto político.
Entrevista com Dilséa Adeodata Bonetti
Authors: Serviço Social & Saúde Equipe
Published: November 2016

Refere-se à noite de 22 de setembro de 1977, quando a tropa de choque da Polícia Militar e agentes do Departamento de Ordem Política e Social (DOPS), sob o comando do coronel Erasmo Dias, na época Secretário de Segurança Pública de São Paulo, invadiram as dependências do campus da Pontifícia Universidade Católica (PUC).
Serviço social e acesso à justiça – reflexões com base na prática de mediação familiar
Authors: Fávero Eunice Teresinha , Mazuelos Elisangela Pereira Queiros
Published: November 2016

O objetivo deste texto é trazer à reflexão alguns aspectos da prática do Serviço Social enquanto possibilidade de acesso à justiça, com destaque para uma experiência em processos de mediação familiar desenvolvida na área da assistência jurídica. Nele é enfatizada a particularidade da intervenção do Serviço Social, revelando-se fundamental enquanto possibilitadora de visibilidade das expressões da questão social, que não raro encontram-se na origem do rompimento de vínculos sociais e familiares que culminam em ações judiciais.
Violência, sofrimento social e a saúde pública
Authors: Adorno Rubens de Camargo Ferreira
Published: November 2016

Trazemos aqui nesse ensaio algumas inquietações acerca do tema da violência e modos de interpretá-la na sociedade contemporânea. Buscando relacionar questões globais, nacionais e locais; chamamos atenção para o que cientistas sociais hoje, particularmente na análise das práticas de saúde, entendidas como um sistema perito vem respondendo a demandas que envolvem uma violência estrutural contemporânea cujo efeito é a produção do que vem sendo chamado de “sofrimento social”.
Proteção social e as transformações do trabalho
Authors: Rodrigues Priscila Françoise Vitaca
Published: November 2016

Este estudo apresenta uma reflexão acerca do percurso histórico que engendrou a construção dos sistemas de proteção social, em particular a proteção social brasileira, e as transformações em curso que vem alterando os padrões da sociedade fundados no trabalho assalariado. As características desse momento histórico engendraram o nascimento de uma nova configuração da classe operária a qual, condicionada pelas modalidades de organização e gestão do trabalho, está impossibilitada de criar novas formas de enfrentar o conflito capital e trabalho a partir de uma lógica de proteção social pautada na noção de direitos sociais. Destaca-se, ainda, que a amplitude ou o reducionismo dos sistemas de proteção social vinculam-se aos padrões de intervenção do Estado e à organização dos trabalhadores. O interesse do Serviço Social neste tema está imantado pelo compromisso de participar ativamente na luta pela construção do processo democrático.
Optically Clear and Resilient Free-Form µ-Optics 3D-Printed via Ultrafast Laser Lithography
Authors: Jonušauskas Linas , Gailevičius Darius , Mikoliūnaitė Lina , Sakalauskas Danas , Šakirzanovas Simas , Juodkazis Saulius , Malinauskas Mangirdas
Published: November 2016

We introduce optically clear and resilient free-form micro-optical of pure (non-photosensitized) organic-inorganic SZ2080 material made by femtosecond 3D laser lithography (3DLL). This is advantageous for rapid printing of 3D micro-/nanooptics, including their integration directly onto optical fibers. A systematic study on the fabrication peculiarities and quality of resultant structures is performed. Comparison of microlenses’ resiliency to CW and femtosecond pulsed exposure is determined. Experimental results prove that pure SZ2080 is ∼3 fold more resistant to high irradiance as compared with a standard photo-sensitized material and can sustain up to 1.91 GW/cm2 intensity. 3DLL is a promising manufacturing approach for high-intensity micro-optics for emerging fields in astro-photonics and atto-second pulse generation. Additionally, pyrolysis is employed to shrink structures up to 40% by removing organic SZ2080 constituents. This opens a promising route towards downscaling photonic lattices and creation of mechanically robust glass-ceramic structures.
Perturbation Analysis of Calcium, Alkalinity and Secretion during Growth of Lily Pollen Tubes
Authors: Winship Lawrence J. , Rounds Caleb , Hepler Peter K.
Published: November 2016

Pollen tubes grow by spatially and temporally regulated expansion of new material secreted into the cell wall at the tip of the tube. A complex web of interactions among cellular components, ions and small molecule provides dynamic control of localized expansion and secretion. Cross-correlation studies on oscillating lily (Lilium formosanum Wallace) pollen tubes showed that an increase in intracellular calcium follows an increase in growth, whereas the increase in the alkaline band and in secretion both anticipate the increase in growth rate. Calcium, as a follower, is unlikely to be a stimulator of growth, whereas the alkaline band, as a leader, may be an activator. To gain further insight herein we reversibly inhibited growth with potassium cyanide (KCN), and followed the re-establishment of calcium, pH and secretion patterns as growth resumed. While KCN markedly slows growth and causes the associated gradients of calcium and pH to sharply decline, its removal allows growth and vital processes to fully recover. The calcium gradient reappears before growth restarts, however it is preceded by both the alkaline band and secretion, in which the alkaline band is slightly advanced over secretion. Thus the pH gradient, rather than the tip-focused calcium gradient, may regulate pollen tube growth.
Use of Micropatterned Thin Film Nitinol in Carotid Stents to Augment Embolic Protection
Authors: Shayan Mahdis , Jankowitz Brian T. , Shridhar Puneeth , Chun Youngjae
Published: November 2016

Stenting is an alternative to endarterectomy for the treatment of carotid artery stenosis. However, stenting is associated with a higher risk of procedural stroke secondary to distal thromboembolism. Hybrid stents with a micromesh layer have been proposed to address this complication. We developed a micropatterned thin film nitinol (M-TFN) covered stent designed to prevent thromboembolism during carotid intervention. This innovation may obviate the need or work synergistically with embolic protection devices. The proposed double layered stent is low-profile, thromboresistant, and covered with a M-TFN that can be fabricated with fenestrations of varying geometries and sizes. The M-TFN was created in multiple geometries, dimensions, and porosities by sputter deposition. The efficiency of various M-TFN to capture embolic particles was evaluated in different atherosclerotic carotid stenotic conditions through in vitro tests. The covered stent prevented emboli dislodgement in the range of 70-96% during 30min duration tests. In vitro vascular cell growth study results showed that endothelial cell elongation, alignment and growth behaviour silhouettes significantly enhance specifically on the diamond-shape M-TFN with the dimensions of 145µm×20µm and a porosity of 32%. Future studies will require in-vivo testing. Our results demonstrate that M-TFN has a promising potential for carotid artery stenting.
A New Method of Environmental Assessment and Monitoring of Heavy Metal Polluted Soil Using Fruticose Lichens
Authors: Sueoka Yuri , Sakakibara Masayuki , Sano Sakae , Yamamoto Yoshikazu
Published: November 2016

Soil pollution has been estimated using soil analysis and leaching test. These methods could show different data from reality due to effects by soil properties such as grain size and mineral composition. Therefore, this study advocates a new assessment and monitoring method of heavy metal polluted soil using fruticose lichens. Lichens growing at abandoned mine sites and unpolluted areas in southwest Japan and their substrata were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry to clarify the relationships between the heavy metal concentrations in lichens and soils, and their heavy metal absorption properties. Concentrations of Cu, Zn, As, and Pb in the lichens were positively correlated with those in the soil. Variability of the relationships did not depend on the lichen species, location, habitat, or the conditions of soils. The analyzed lichens had neither competitive nor antagonistic properties in their heavy metal absorption, which make them good biomarkers of heavy metal pollution of soil. The distribution maps of average heavy metal concentrations at each sampling region detected almost all of the Cu, Zn, and As pollution of soil. Therefore, lichens could be used in practical applications to assess Cu, Zn, and As pollution of soils.
Raman and Terahertz Spectroscopic Investigation of Cocrystal Formation Involving Antibiotic Nitrofurantoin Drug and Coformer 4-aminobenzoic Acid
Authors: Du Yong , Cai Qiang , Xue Jiadan , Zhang Qi
Published: November 2016

Cocrystallizaiton could improve most physicochemical properties of specific active pharmaceutical ingredients, which has great potential in pharmaceutical development. In this study, the cocrystal of nitrofurantoin and 4-aminobenzoic acid was prepared with solid-state (solvent-free or green-chemistry) grinding approach, and the above cocrystal has been characterized by Raman and terahertz vibrational spectroscopic techniques. Spectral results show that the vibrational modes of the cocrystal within the whole spectral region are different from those of the corresponding parent materials. The dynamic process of such pharmaceutical cocrystal formation has also been monitored directly with Raman spectra. These results offer us unique means for characterizing the cocrystal conformation from molecule-level and also provide us rich information about the reaction dynamic of cocrystal formation within pharmaceutical fields.
Attenuation Correction for Ka-band Cloud Radar Using X-band Weather Radar Data
Authors: Zhang Peng , Chen Yunjie
Published: November 2016

In order to correct attenuated millimeter-wavelength (Ka-band) radar data and address the problem of instability, an attenuation correction methodology (attenuation correction with variation trend constraint; VTC) was developed. Using synchronous observation conditions and multi-band radars, the VTC method adopts the variation trends of reflectivity in X-band radar data captured with wavelet transform as a constraint to adjust reflectivity factors of millimeter-wavelength radar. The correction was evaluated by comparing reflectivities obtained by millimeter-wavelength cloud radar and X-band weather radar. Experiments showed that attenuation was a major contributory factor in the different reflectivities of the two radars when relatively intense echoes exist, and the attenuation correction developed in this study significantly improved data quality for millimeter-wavelength radar. Reflectivity differences between the two radars were reduced and reflectivity correlations were enhanced. Errors caused by attenuation were eliminated, while variation details in the reflectivity factors were retained. The VTC method is superior to the bin-by-bin method in terms of correction amplitude and can be used for attenuation correction of shorter wavelength radar assisted by longer wavelength radar data.
Whole Quenching of Small Thin Plate with Low-Power Semiconductor Laser Based on Feed-Speed Combination Problem
Authors: Manabe Yuki ,   Department of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Oda Ryosuke , Hirogaki Toshiki , Aoyama Eiichi , Ogawa Keiji ,   Correpsonding author,,   Faculty of the Department of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan,   University of Shiga Prefecture, Shiga, Japan
Published: November 2016

A furnace is used in the conventional quenching of small work pieces. When quenching is performed using a furnace, the electricity consumption is high because the heating is performed over a long time period. Moreover, the working environment is unsatisfactory because quenching oils and salt baths are used in the process. Laser quenching has attracted considerable attention as a method for addressing these issues. In previous studies of this method, a laser was used to perform whole quenching on a sheet. However, problems such as deformation and tempering can arise during whole quenching on a thin plate. Furthermore, it is difficult to determine appropriate feed speeds and scanning orders. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a quenching method that uses a semiconductor laser to reduce these thin plate quenching problems. Additionally, an evaluation function is provided for quantitatively assessing the feed speeds. We strive to determine the appropriate laser scanning order from an understanding of decreases in hardness and transformation. We then used the evaluation function to appropriately set the feed speed for the whole quenching of a thin plate using a laser. As a result, we were ultimately able to select a suitable feed speed at which whole quenching can be performed.
Effect of Different Solvents on Cu Micropatterns Formed via Femtosecond Laser Reduction Patterning
Authors: Mizoshiri Mizue ,   Nagoya University, Arakane Shun , Sakurai Junpei , Hata Seiichi ,   ,
Published: November 2016

We investigated the effect of different solvents on the Cu micropatterns formed via femtosecond laser reduction patterning. Solvents such as ethylene glycol, 2-propanol, and glycerol were mixed with CuO nanoparticles and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The degree of reduction and the resistivity of the fabricated micropatterns depended on the solvent. Glycerol was the most effective reducing agent. This solution was used to fabricate Cu/Cu2O composite micro-temperature sensors. Cu-rich electrodes and Cu2O-rich sensors were selectively formed by controlling the laser scanning speed at 5 mm/s and 0.5 mm/s, respectively, when the pulse energy was 0.53 nJ. The temperature sensor exhibited a negative temperature coefficient of the resistance, which was consistent with the value for Cu2O.
Increased Productivity for Redundant Laser Scanners Using an Optimal Trajectory Separation Method
Authors: Haas Titus ,   Institute of Machine Tools and Manufacturing, Warhanek Maximilian , Dietlicher Michael , Wegener Konrad ,   ,,   inspire AG, Technoparkstrasse 1, 8005 Zürich, Switzerland
Published: November 2016

Combining an optical laser scanning system with mechanical axes in a redundant configuration and synchronised control allows the separation of scanning motions according to the strengths of the two systems. Assigning the highly dynamic movement part to the agile optical axes reduces the acceleration and jerk of the mechanical axes. The mechanical axes enable precise motion over the whole workspace, that cannot be achieved by optical systems. The determination of the ideal trajectory separation among the two redundant systems poses an optimisation problem. This study proposes a method for the calculation of the optimal trajectory separation and for productivity increases. Furthermore, a windowing technique is introduced to limit the required computational power. The operation of the optimisation algorithm is demonstrated based on example geometries. It is shown that the machining time is decreased, and the jerk of the solution is minimised. The method is verified using a laser scanning system.
A Surface Normal On-Machine Measuring Method Using Eddy-Current (EC) Sensor Array
Authors: Lian Meng ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liu Hai Bo , Wang Yong Qing , Li Yang , Sheng Xian Jun , Ying Ying Wei ,   ,,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology
Published: November 2016

Normal vector measurements of the machining point and attitude adjustments of the end effector are key aspects to meet the technological requirements of hole verticality in auto-drilling and the residual wall thickness in mirror milling. In this paper, a surface normal on-machine measuring method using an EC sensor array is proposed. The influences of the object surface inclination and the sensor array arrangement on the performance of EC displacement sensors were investigated, and the sensor measuring errors from coupling interference were effectively eliminated. Moreover, a practical calibration algorithm was established in which the positions of the EC sensors in a normal vector calculation model were accurately corrected. The feasibility of the measuring method was validated through a calibration experiment, as well as a measurement experiment based on the calibration results. The accuracy of a normal vector measurement is improved when applying the accuracy compensation and position calibration algorithm of an EC array to engineering practices.
Proposta de criação de instrumento para o diagnóstico, avaliação, orientação e suporte da responsabilidade corporativa globalmente sustentável das organizações: Protocolo RCGS
Authors: Bier Clerilei Aparecida , Rossi Ruth Ferreira Roque , Peña Francisco Tiago Garcia , De Oliveira Natasha Giarola Fragoso , De Campos Fernanda Konradt , Bittencourt Daniel Linhares
Published: November 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar uma proposta de protocolo para o conceito de responsabilidade corporativa globalmente sustentável que permita analisar e mensurar o nível de relacionamento da empresa com o meio ambiente, com seusstakeholderse com as comunidades interna e externa, perpassando pelos temas de desenvolvimento sustentável, de governança corporativa e de responsabilidade social. Para alcançar esse objetivo, inicialmente foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da base teórica dos três conceitos que a compõe e dos principais instrumentos presentes que os mensuram, de forma reiterada, que resultou na elaboração de um conceito que se denomina responsabilidade corporativa globalmente sustentável (RCGS). Na análise dos instrumentos, dos princípios e das diretrizes, a amostra constituída foi determinada por meio da amostragem por julgamento/intencional, não probabilística. Mediante o ordenamento conceitual, buscou-se identificar, em cada elemento da amostra, categorias distintas chamadas de dimensões, seus respectivos aspectos (propriedades) e os critérios que os caracterizam. Ao final, foi construído um framework abrangendo todas as dimensões, os aspectos e os critérios identificados nos quais se pautariam as organizações para inferir o nível e o grau de integração, de cumprimento e de implementação das estratégias, das práticas de gestão e dos procedimentos nos temas ambientais, sociais e de governança corporativa.
Aplicação do método Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) com a mensuração absoluta num problema de seleção qualitativa
Authors: De Carvalho Ressiguier Ribeiro Maria Celeste , Da Silva Alves Alex
Published: November 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar a aplicação do método Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) por meio dacombinação da mensuração relativa e absoluta, visando tratar um problema complexo de decisão. A motivação do uso desse método surgiu da necessidade de apoiar o Instituto Federal Fluminense (IFF), instituição pública que exerce atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão, na seleção de diversas propostas de projetos submetidas à área de pesquisa. Tais projetos são submetidos à avaliação em vários critérios, em sua maioria, qualitativos e de difícil mensuração. Trata-se de um estudo de caso na área de pesquisa do Instituto Federal Fluminense, baseado em pesquisas bibliográficas, em consulta documental e em entrevistas não estruturadas. A aplicação do método tornou mais eficiente o processo de avaliação e gerou uma lista de priorização dos projetos capazes de atender aos requisitos exigidos por um projeto depesquisa científica, atendendo aos objetivos da Instituição.
Socio-economic status of fishermen in district Srinagar of Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: Husain Nasir , Balkhi M.H. , Bhat T.H. , Dar Shabir A.
Published: November 2016

A Socio-economic status of fishermen living on the banks of River Jhelum, Dal Lake and Anchar Lake was investigated in district Srinagar of Jammu and Kashmir. The total numbers of 150 samples of respondent were selected randomly from the areas and the information was collected by in-depth guided interviews through well structured pre-tested schedule developed for the study. The result of the study revealed that the age group of the fishermen varied between 20 to 60 years. About 57% of total respondent were found to belong under the age group between 41-50 years. Illiteracy was found one of the major problems of the study area about 49% respondents was found to be illiterate. Economic conditions of the fishermen revealed that the 42% of fishermen income of Rs. 5001 – Rs. 10000 per month. If fishery facilities of these areas are improved upon, it could support the strides towards employment generation and poverty alleviation.
Analisis Ekonomi Usaha Tanaman Pangan dan Kambing Kosta di Kecamatan Carita Kabupaten Pandeglang, Banten
Authors: Rusdiana Supardi , Sutedi Endang
Published: November 2016

The purpose of this research was to determine the economic analysis of crop and livestock enterprises Costa goat. The experiment was conducted in the village of Sukarame District of Pandeglang Banten Carita. Interviews to 20 farmers the agro-ecosystem crops and livestock farmer Costa goat using questionnaires. Primary data obtained from interviews at the household unit farmers. While the secondary data obtained from the relevant authorities. Data analysis processed by descriptive qualitative, quantitative and economic analysis. The results showed that the corn plants net income around IDR.559.450,-/harvest with B/C ratio of about 1.2, whereas the results of raising of Costa goat net income approximately IDR.1.810.950,-/year, or equivalent of IDR.248.550,-/month with B/C ratio of about 1.1. The amount of man power corn farming around 131.12 HOK or equivalent of IDR.1.966.800,-/year, lot of time incurred by maize farmers are turning the land and mowing, while the man power Costa goat  around 2.57 HOK or equivalent of IDR 38.550,-/year, the time used by farmers to shepherd. Agricultural of waste crops on the research site such as corn waste can be used as feed for Costa goat.
SIMULASI NUMERIK GELOMBANG (SPECTRAL WAVES) DAN BENCANA ROB MENGGUNAKAN FLEXIBLE MESH DAN DATA ELEVATION MODEL DI PERAIRAN KECAMATAN SAYUNG, DEMAK
Authors: Ondara Koko , Wisha Ulung Jantama
Published: November 2016

Pesisir Kecamatan Sayung merupakan wilayah abrasi di Kabupaten Demak yang terkena dampak paling parah dari kenaikan muka air laut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dinamika gelombang yang terjadi pada setiap kondisi pasang surut dan pengaruhnya terhadap rob serta overtopping yang terjadi. Metode penelitian adalah deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan persamaan numerik, simulasi MIKE 21 dan model elevasi ArcGis. Hs tahun 2016 pada pasang purnama 0,015 – 0,359 m dan pada surut purnama 0,009 – 0,358 m. Hasil pengolahan data menunjukkan ada perbedaan yang drastis genangan yang terjadi pada saat pasang dan surut. Luas area model genangan rob pada tahun 2016 sebesar 7200,36 Ha. Untuk jarak terjauh genangan rob dari garis pantai pada tahun 2016 sejauh 10826,7 m. Terdapat peningkatan tinggi gelombang termasuk kondisi pasut purnama dan perbani tiap tahunnya. Hal ini menunjukkan abrasi terjadi di pengaruhi oleh kikisan gelombang yang terjadi secara terus-menerus. Kenaikan muka air laut yang terjadi setiap tahunnya berbanding terbalik dengan luas genangan yang dihasilkan, sehingga perlu dilakukan tindakan yang preventif pada proses tata kelola ruang pesisir. 

 

Kata kunci: model elevasi, gelombang, model numerik, banjir rob, Sayung

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF SPECTRAL WAVES AND ROB DISASTER USING FLEXIBLE MESH AND DATA ELEVATION MODEL IN WATERS OF SAYUNG DISTRICT, DEMAK
Coastline area in subdistrict Sayung is an abrasion area in Demak which has the worst affected of sea level rise. The purpose of this study to determine the wave dynamics that occur in any tidal conditions and their effects on tidal flood and overtopping happened. The research method is quantitative descriptive using numerical equations, MIKE 21 simulation and ArcGIS elevation models. Hs 2016 on a tide 0.015 to 0.359 m and in full retroactively from 0.009 to 0.358 m. The results of data processing showed no drastic difference puddle that occur at high tide and low tide. The area of tidal inundation model in 2016 amounted to 7200.36 Ha. To the farthest distance from the shoreline tidal inundation in 2016 with a distance of 10826.7 m. There are an increasing wave heights including a full moon and neap tide conditions each year. This shows abrasion occurs is influenced by the piling up of waves that occur continuously. Sea level rise that occurs annually is inversely proportional to the resulting inundation area, so we need a preventive action on the processes of governance of coastal areas. Keywords: elevation models, waves, numerical models, tidal flood, Sayung