bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Poisoning Cases Admitted in ICU of Western Regional Hospital
Authors: Thakuri Surya Bahadur Hamal , Thapa Suresh , Baral Madan Prasad , Lamichhane Buddhi Sagar
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Acute poisoning, irrespective of the etiology, is a medical emergency which requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. Such cases require ICU set up for better management. Central level hospitals in Nepal have ICU facilities to manage such cases.

Materials and Methods: Current study is a retrospective type hospital based study conducted in Western Regional Hospital, Pokhara. Data collected from ICU department of Hospital in a period of one year from 2073 Ashad 16 to 2074 Ashad 16. It was analyzed and presented.

Results: In this study it is observed that total 90 cases admitted in ICU department of WRH in a period of one year. Female patients outnumbered the male patients. Age group of 10-20 years is predominance in present study. Most of the patients were from Kaski district as the hospital belongs to Kaski district and one of the renowned tertiary care centers in the Gandaki province. Maximum number of patients consumed the OP compound. Outcome was better as out of 90 cases 80 were discharged and only 10 were died during the course of treatment.

Conclusion: Early identification of the cause and type of poisoning, close monitoring and standard management, preferably in the ICU for at least a first few days, reduces the complication and improves the survival. The commonly available insecticides and rodenticides are the most common cause of acute poisoning.
Loren Kruger, A Century of South African Theatre
Authors: Alessandro Cima Gibson
Published: March 2021

abstract: A Century of South African Theatre revises and updates Loren Kruger’s seminal book, The Drama of South Africa. Kruger rejects essentializing categories such as African or European, arguing that South African theatre mixes local and transnational forms. The book provides a useful survey of South Africa’s past century of theatre.
Nicholas Ridout, Scenes from Bourgeois Life
Authors: Virgil Dugan Timothy
Published: March 2021

Nicolas Ridout’s Scenes from Bourgeois Life is a specialized, performance-driven, academic volume on the devolution and reformation of spectatorship in the United Kingdom from the reign of the Georges to the Brexit/Boris Johnson era. Serious degree candidates of canonical performance literature will find this book essential to their reading on alternative viewing in the English-speaking theatre.
Maria Shevtsova, Rediscovering Stanislavsky
Authors: Skinner Amy
Published: March 2021

Valuable for scholars, practitioners and students, Shevtsova’s volume re-evaluates the Konstantin Stanislavsky’s practice, providing significant insights into his work based on assiduous analysis. Her work also offers challenges to the reader on issues of theatre historiography and practice, exploring Stanislavsky’s current scholarly context and his ongoing legacy.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ТА ПРАКТИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ КАДРОВОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ УКРАЇНИ У СФЕРІ ОСВІТИ
Authors:   кандидат технічних наук, Черкаський інститут пожежної безпеки імені Героїв Чорнобиля Національного університету цивільного захисту України, Черкаси, Україна, Чорномаз І. К. , Григор’ян М. Б. ,   кандидат технічних наук, Черкаський інститут пожежної безпеки імені Героїв Чорнобиля Національного університету цивільного захисту України, Черкаси, Україна, Гончар С. В. ,   Черкаський інститут пожежної безпеки імені Героїв Чорнобиля Національного університету цивільного захисту України, Черкаси, Україна
Published: March 2021

At this stage of Ukraine's development there is a need for stabilization and sustainable development of Ukrainian society, which requires solving the problem of improving personnel policy. One of the main causes of negative phenomena in society is the imperfection of personnel policy in the field of education, increasing bureaucratization, improper performance of the state function of social protection. Despite the fact that a lot of time has passed since the beginning of social transformations in our country, the study of the problem of the effectiveness of state personnel policy by the social and political sciences is insufficient. Changes in the socio-political system raise the question of whether the civil service is becoming an instrument of professional management activities aimed at meeting the new social needs of society. Under these conditions, there is a need for a new personnel policy of selection and formation of a qualitatively new personality of the education worker.
The Impact of Social Media Marketing on Urban Youth’s Brand Loyalty: Through Facebook Marketing
Authors: Ahmed Tanveer , Saeed Azrin
Published: March 2021

Social media being established as an effective medium of communication, marketers now highly focus on social media marketing create brand awareness and institute brand loyalty. Considering social media is the most popular among the urban youth of the country and Facebook being most popular social media site, this study is thus designed in order to identify the impact of Facebook marketing on urban youth’s brand loyalty.  Information was derived by conducting a validated questionnaire with a sample of 306 people which was further evaluated through regression analysis. It was found night time, 08:01 PM – 5:59 AM, is the most popular time period for the urban youth to use Facebook. Funny, informative, international/ national news contents are top preferred content on Facebook. A positive relationship between urban youth’s brand loyalty and components such as advantageous campaign, facebook group, popular contents and brand’s relevant contents of Facebook marketing. Whereas, updated content and electronic word of mouth (E-WOM) rather had a negative influence on the brand loyalty of the urban youth.
Tattooing and pain: a look through the science lens
Authors: Kovalchuk O I , Marchuk O V , Pedorenko K A
Published: March 2021

The article considers the medical aspects of tattooing, the process of tattooing and the chemical composition of the pigment. The mechanisms of pain during tattooing, its physiological and pathological aspects are described. For the first time, all possible options for analgesia during application were evaluated, and the medical aspects of each method were analyzed and described. The professional tattoos and cosmetics market of analgesics are analyzed, gels and ointments available in Ukraine are presented, the main characteristics of each of them are described. Among the registered evidence-based medicines, there are those that can be used in the process of tatooing to reduce pain. The main causes of pain when healing a tattoo and its possible management are described.
A modern approach to pain relief in labour
Authors: Grizhymalskyi Ye V , Harha A I , Sulimenko Ye V
Published: March 2021

Until now, there are opposite points of view on the problem of pain in labour. The side effects of pain during labour can significantly affect the general condition of the woman and the fetus, the course of labour, and the prognosis. Pain relief in labour is based on the use of various pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods that reduce the level of psychological anxiety, relieve tension, and also block the conduction of pain impulse. For pain relief in labour, the full range of currently available pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods cannot be used, since many of them, simultaneously with pain relief, negatively affect the fetus and the process of childbirth. The use of neuraxial analgesia with local anaesthetic solutions at low concentrations is a safe method of pain relief during labour.
Levofloxacin efficacy in current surgical practice
Authors: Nazarchuk O A , Babina Yu M , Dmytriiev D V , Vitkovskiy V L
Published: March 2021

Results of domestic and international studies of the 3rd generation fluorchinolone Levofloxacin use in the prevention and treatment of inflammative diseases of the skin, soft tissues, intrabdominal and urogenital infectious complications is presented in the article. Analysis of clinical use of Levofloxacin in the treatment of many diseases indicates its high efficacy, absence of complications, low risk of resistance development, that allows to recommend it for the wide use in in medical practice.
Making the “new normal” the “new sustainable”
Authors: Koff Harlan , Maganda Carmen
Published: March 2021

After almost one year of global pandemic, the overlapping crises caused by COVID-19 have worsened in most regions, and people have become weary of both the coronavirus and government measures aimed at limiting its spread and collateral impacts. Many people clamor for a return to “normal.” With the announcement in November 2020 that vaccine tests have shown promising results, it seems that a medical solution to the health pandemic could be a defining feature of the first few months of 2021.
God in All Things?
Authors: Molina J. Michelle
Published: March 2021

A set of notarial documents from colonial New Spain (Mexico) offers a view of the long-distance Jesuit missionary network as anchored in a dense local network of intimate relationships. Following the arrest of members of the Society of Jesus in 1767 at the Colegio Espíritu Santo in Puebla de los Ángeles, a scribe is tasked with noting Jesuit belongings. He records unique objects held in safekeeping for local people in Puebla. Using the lens of a theopolitical anthropology, we see how the idea of a God-present in the Eucharist is central not only to the way that the Spanish Crown was prevented from taking the silver items from the chapel, but also to how these sacramental logics account for the accrual of disparate items in each Jesuit’s room.
An Evaluative Study of Chemistry Curriculum at Higher Secondary School Level in Pakistan
Authors: Rashid Abdur
Published: March 2021

The research was conducted to evaluate the National Curriculum of Chemistry for Higher Secondary level in Pakistan. This was a Descriptive and Evaluative study with a special focus on the achievement of objectives set at the National Level. The researcher prepared two questionnaires and served to the sample of curriculum experts and teachers of chemistry. The sample comprising of 50 experts and 400 teachers was selected from all the Provinces and the Districts through multistage random sampling techniques. The tool used was Chi-Square. Analysis of the data led to the findings of the study. The important findings reflected that Experts were satisfied with the alignment of the curriculum with the ideology of Pakistan. However, they were not satisfied with the attainability of objectives within the given timeframe and the process of curriculum development. The teachers expressed their satisfaction with the content but dissatisfaction with the students' evaluation process. On the basis of findings, recommendations were offered, which included the involvement of the teachers in the curriculum development process.
Adaptation of Loanwords by Saraiki Speakers
Authors: Atta Firdos , Abbas Syed Nasir , Khan Munir
Published: March 2021

The study presents a basic analysis of loanwords adaptation process by Saraiki speakers. Loanwords from three languages are analyzed and results reveal that native grammar used different strategies for different languages. In one language the onset/initial CC is adapted while in the other the final CC is modified by Saraiki speakers. It is observed that if the loanwords structure is absent in native grammar, it is not adapted though it follows universal principles. Native grammar allows clusters on both initial and final positions but loanwords do not. The study also discloses the strange behaviour for different languages, Saraiki speakers used fix vowel to break the cluster of English loanwords but vowel harmony and gemination in Arabic loanwords. It is noted that loanwords grammar preferred to have CV and CVC syllables rather than clusters at margins. Apart from grammatical adaptation, prosodic structure of receiver is also maintained. In many examples Saraiki follows universal principles but sometimes presents its own way to adapt loanwords
L2 Motivational Self System of the Seminary Students learning English Language in Pakistan
Authors: Shah Syed Azaz Ali , Khan Abdul Hamid , Samad Abdus
Published: March 2021

This study tests the validity of Dörnyei (2005) L2 Motivational Self System in a new context of Madrassa. A mixed-method approach has been applied in this study. A structured questionnaire was designed and distributed among 1000 students of fifteen different Madrassas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The current study posits that the Dörnyei model of the L2 Self System is not valid in the Madrassa context. The study examines that ideal and Ought-to L2 selves are the weakest contributors in motivating Madrassa students for second language learning. The findings reveal no significance among the three main components (ideal self, ought-to self and L2 learning experience) of the L2 Motivational Self System. Moreover, the new construct of learning English for religious purpose was found useful, and all the participants showed their interest in it. This study concluded that multiple personal and religious factors strongly affect the motivational level of Madrassa students.
GREAT POWERPLAY IN THE INDIAN OCEAN: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE REGION
Authors: Hayat Muhammad Umer , Sajjad Syeda Aqsa , Shahzad Farrukh
Published: March 2021

The Indian Ocean is important due to its strategic location, geopolitical significance and trade activities being performed through it. The United States of America is attaining energy, and other resources have a deep interest in the region. China, through its "string of pearls strategy", is encountering the American goals in the regional by the promotion of its economic activities, securing its dominance in the region, thus posing a constant challenge to the later as well as a regional power i.e. India. Contending interests of regional and international powers in the Indian Ocean Region has led to power projection, affected the security environment, fuelling the issues. The necessity to preserve the available energy resources for survival and to meet future needs is attracting great powers to the Indian Ocean Region. The close alliance between the US and India and dwindling relations between the US and Pakistan are leading towards close ties between Pakistan and China.
Implementation of Early Childhood Care and Education Curriculum 2017: A Case Study of Pakistani Public Schools
Authors: Hashmi Aroona Hashmi , Mubashar Raima , Altaf Fasiha
Published: March 2021

The study was determined to find the teachers' practices in the implementation of the ECCE curriculum in public schools. The objective of the study was to find out the teachers' practices in the implementation of the ECCE curriculum in public schools. All the ECCE teachers in public schools formed the population of the study. The 20 teachers were observed through the purposive sampling technique. The data was collected by using the ECCE teachers' practices observation protocol in the implementation of the ECCE curriculum. The qualitative data was analyzed through thematic analysis. The data represents that the teachers' practices in ECCE are knowledge, learning environment, instructional strategies, assessment, individualized attention and teacher-parent relation. It is recommended that the ECCE centres may be built-in university campuses for the facilitation of the teaching practices of their prospective teacher. The government may take the initiative to build ECCE centres in collaboration with the private sector to enhance the quality.
A Critical Discourse Analysis of Discursive Reproduction of Ideologies in Pakistani and Indian Press Media in the Aftermath of Pulwama Attack
Authors: Khan Arif , Rahman Ghani , Iqbal Sajid
Published: March 2021

The present study, based on Van Dijk (2005) ideological square model, aims to show how the two countries, i.e., Pakistan and India, represent each other through their newspaper's discourse. Using Van Dijk's (2005) framework (positive self-presentation, negative other-presentation) for discourse analysis, this study examines linguistic features in fifty editorials of three Pakistani and three Indian English newspapers. The aforementioned model adopted from Politics, Ideology and Discourse is used to detect discursive structures within editorials and to discover the hidden ideologies. Besides, the researchers have used different discursive strategies such as actor description, euphemism, evidentiality etc., for microanalysis. Moreover, the macro analysis has been done by using the macro strategies, i.e., positive self-presentation and negative other-presentation. The study revealed that Pakistani editorials used micro strategies more than that Indians. The study also revealed that Pakistani editorials relied mostly on positive self-presentation, while Indian editorials focused on negative other-presentation.
Influence of Playing Venue on Testosterone and Cortisol Responses in Male Inter-University Volleyball Players
Authors: Tabassum Yasmeen , Iqbal Butt Muhammad Zafar , Roohi Nabila
Published: March 2021

The present study aimed to examine the effect of playing venue on testosterone and cortisol responses in male volleyball players. Ninety-six players from eight different public and private universities were monitored during eight competitive matches playing against each other on a home and opponent's home ground. The matches played at home were also won. Testosterone (ng/mL) and cortisol (ug/dL) levels were analyzed before and after each match. A significantly (p 0.0001) pre-match reduction was seen in the testosterone level of players on the opponent's home ground as evidence which indicates that playing venue affects the players' behavior even they did not play the match. Whereas, significantly (p 0.0001) higher pre-match cortisol level of players was observed on an opponent's home ground before the commencement of the match. The present study concluded that playing venue strongly influenced the players' hormonal responses, and they perceive more stress while playing on the opponent's ground.
Introducing Self-Assessment for Evaluating Learners in Pakistan
Authors: Farooq Mahwish , Ahmed Khalid , Farooq Sahirish
Published: March 2021

This study deals with the positive backwash effect of self-assessment on Second Language Learners in Pakistan. The hypothesis of this study is self-assessment will positively improve learners' performance. Therefore, small scale experimental research was conducted with fifty undergraduates of a public sector university. They were asked to write essays; those were also assessed by students themselves and also cross-checked by their language teacher. The 'Assessment Rubric of Punjab University for BS-level' was a research tool. Afterwards, all results were statistically analyzed in SPSS, i.e., dependent t-test. The results conclude the improvement in self-assessment to highlight the needs and demands for taking bold steps in traditional evaluation criteria that would ultimately become the cause for students' active participation and self-learning.
Administrative and Scientific-Pedagogical Activity of Professor Nikolaĭ Ivanovich Muravyev in Moscow Theological Schools
Authors: Кечкин Иоанн
Published: March 2021

Статья посвящена личности и деятельности профессора московских духовных школ Николая Ивановича Муравьёва (1891-1963). Закончив в 1915 г. Киевскую духовную академию, Н. И. Муравьёв, пройдя Первую мировую и гражданскую войны, работая на различных предприятиях, только через тридцать лет, уже в зрелом возрасте, поступает на службу в московские духовные школы. Всё своё время и энергию Н. И. Муравьёв отдал Московской духовной академии, преподавая церковно-исторические дисциплины, а с 1948 по 1958 гг., с небольшим перерывом, занимал должность секретаря учёного совета Академии. В 50-е гг. Николай Иванович Муравьёв, вместе с ректором и инспектором, входил в так называемую «начальственную тройку», которая плодотворно руководила жизнью Московских духовных школ. В статье будет предпринята попытка восстановить образ профессора Николая Ивановича Муравьёва, уточнить некоторые факты из его биографии, проанализировать научно-педагогическую и административную деятельность.

The article is devoted to the personality and activity of Professor of Moscow theological schools Nikolai Ivanovich Muravyev (1891-1963). Having finished in 1915 the Kiev theological Academy, N. I. Muravyov, having passed the First world war and civil war, working at various enterprises, only thirty years later, already in adulthood, enters the service in Moscow theological schools. All his time and energy N. I. Muravyov gave the Moscow theological Academy, teaching Church historical disciplines, and from 1948 to 1958, with a short break, served as Secretary of the Academic Council of the Academy. In the 50s, Nikolai Ivanovich Muravyov, together with the rector and inspector, was a member of the so-called “top three”, which fruitfully led the life of Moscow theological schools. The article will attempt to restore the image of Professor Nikolai Ivanovich Muravyov, to clarify some facts from his biography, to analyze scientific, pedagogical and administrative activities.
Some canonical aspects of the actions of the Patriarch of Constantinople Bartholomew (Archondonis) in Ukraine at the turn of 2018-2019
Authors: Лапидус Иоанн
Published: March 2021

В данном исследовании проводится анализ действий Патриарха Константинопольского Варфоломея на рубеже 2018/19 годов в связи с церковной ситуацией на Украине. Цель исследования - показать антиканонический характер акций, предпринятых Константинополем в отношении Украинской Православной Церкви. В качестве методологии используется историко-канонический подход, иллюстрирующий несостоятельность претензий предстоятеля Константинопольского Патриархата на всемирную юрисдикцию и доказывающий грубое нарушение канонических норм, содержащихся в Каноническом корпусе Православной Церкви.

This study analyzes the actions of the Patriarch of Constantinople Bartholomew at the turn of 2018/19 in connection with the Church situation in Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to show the anti-canonical nature of the actions taken by Constantinople against the Ukrainian Orthodox Church. The methodology used is the historical and canonical approach, which illustrates the failure of the Leader of the Patriarchate of Constantinаople’s claims to the universal jurisdiction and proves a gross violation of the canonical norms contained in the Canonical corpus of the Orthodox Church.
New Evidence of the Controversy About Whether the Humanity of Christ Can Contemplate His Divinity
Authors: Калинин Максим Глебович
Published: March 2021

В статье опубликован фрагмент анонимного комментария на «Главы о ведении» раббана Афнимарана, восточносирийского мистика VII века. Этот фрагмент представляет большой интерес, поскольку содержит новые сведения о богословской полемике, развернувшейся в Церкви Востока в VIII в. Эта полемика, сопоставимая по масштабам и значимости с паламитскими спорами в Византии, касалась проблемы границ богопознания и прежде всего вопроса о том, способна ли человеческая природа Христа созерцать Его божественную природу. Сведений об этой полемике сохранилось относительно мало, что делает новое публикуемое свидетельство особенно ценным. После краткой характеристики «Глав о ведении» раббана Афнимарана в статье предлагается перевод комментария на главу 90 и анализ этого текста. Особое внимание уделяется термину yaddūʕtānā, «знающий», который раббан Афнимаран использует применительно к человеческой природе Христа. Комментарий на главу 90 - важное свидетельство того, что тезис о способности человеческой природы Христа созерцать Его Божество был характерным для восточносирийского мистического движения (или, по крайней мере, для одной из монашеских традиций внутри этого движения).

The aim of the present paper is to introduce new data concerning the polemic that took place in the VIII century C.E. and was related to the mystical movement in the Church of the East. This data are provided by an anonymous commentary on «Chapters on the Knowledge» which belong to rabban Aphnīmāran, an 7th century mystical writer. Among the problems the aforementioned polemic was related to, was the question on whether the humanity of Christ can see His divinity. For the positive answer on this question, John of Dalyāthā, a prominent mystical writer of the 8th century, was condemned by Catholicos Timatheos. In the commentary on the 90th chapter of rabban Aphnīmāran, an anonymous interpreter claims that the vision of God is the knowledge of God. As rabban Aphnīmāran calls the human nature of Christ «knowing» (yaddūʕtānā), the humanity of Christ inevitably knows His divinity, the author of the commentary concludes. In the present article, the text of this commentary is published and analyzed. One may see that the thesis on Jesus’ ability to contemplate the divine nature was not a particular opinion of John of Dalyāthā. This opinion was representative of East Syriac mystical movement (or at least of one of monastic traditions within this movement).
«I Want to Die, to Depart from This Life, Being in Fellowship with the Lord» (by Letters of Bishop Beniamin (Milov)). Part II
Authors: Скурат Константин Ефимович
Published: March 2021

Статья представляет собой вторую часть публикации, раскрывающей духовный облик исповедника Русской Православной Церкви епископа Вениамина (Милова). В нее вошло окончание первой главы «Письма до ссылки» и начало второй главы «Письма из ссылки». Автор тематически подбирает фрагменты из писем владыки: о сокрушении сердца, о смирении, о терпении и стоянии в молитве, о предании себя волей Божией, то есть о непрестанной подготовке к Небесной Жизни. В итоге автору удается показать, что епископ Вениамин был истинным духовным подвижником, горящим любовью к Богу, и умелым духовником, направляющим своих чад на путь Божий.

The article is the first part of the publication revealing the spiritual image of the Confessor of the Russian Orthodox Church, Bishop Benjamin (Milov). It included the end of the first Chapter of the letter before exile and the beginning of the second Chapter of the Letter from exile. The author thematically selects fragments from the letters of the Lord: about Heartbreak, about humility, about patience and standing in prayer, about surrendering oneself to the will of God, that is, about incessant preparation for Heavenly Life. As a result, the author manages to show that Bishop Benjamin was a true spiritual ascetic, burning with love for God, and a skillful Confessor, directing his children to the path of God.
Plan de servicio al cliente para una empresa de Pasto, Colombia
Authors: Andrés Mauricio Nacaza-Enriquez
Published: March 2021

Este artículo fue realizado teniendo en cuenta como referencia, trabajos de grado relacionados con servicio al cliente de la Universidad Mariana, Universidad del Valle y universidades de Ecuador. El objetivo principal es proponer un plan de servicio al cliente para la sede Batericar’s Éxito Avenida Panamericana en la ciudad de Pasto. La metodología que se empleó es descriptiva, mixta por cuanto se utiliza técnicas de recolección de información como encuestas y entrevistas. Con la realización de esta investigación se obtuvo un análisis sectorial con el cual fue posible identificar el comportamiento de las fuerzas Porter en el entorno de la empresa y el trabajo de campo.Finalmente, mediante la elaboración del trabajo de campo fue posible identificar factores internos y externos que inciden en la empresa. Con respecto a los clientes internos, se debe prestar especial cuidado ya que existen algunos funcionarios que no tienen un alto grado de conocimiento relacionado con la filosofía corporativa y esto perjudica a la empresa, ya que el compromiso de ofrecer un excelente servicio al cliente depende del conocimiento a profundidad de cada uno de los componentes que integran el direccionamiento estratégico. Además, hubo calificaciones negativas emitidas por los clientes externos en cuanto al servicio, las cuales deben ser revisadas para ser corregidas.
MEKANISME PENINGKATAN BADAN USAHA PERSEKUTUAN KOMANDITER (CV) MENJADI BADAN HUKUM PERSEROAN TERBATAS (PT)
Authors: Wariah Yayah
Published: March 2021

Dunia bisnis selalu penuh dengan perkembangan yang memerlukan respon dan pengambilan keputusan yang segera, sehingga dapat mengantisipasi perubahan itu. Salah satu bentuk perubahan itu adalah apabila suatu bisnis yang sebelumnya berbentuk badan usaha Perseroan Komanditer (CV) akan dirubah statusnya menjadi badan hukum Perseroan Terbatas (PT). Perbedaan prinsipil antara Perseroan Komanditer atau dikenal dengan sebutan CV (Commanditaire vennootschap) dengan Perseroan Terbatas (PT) terdapat pada status badan hukumnya, karena CV merupakan persekutuan yang tidak berbadan hukum dan tanggungjawab dari para sekutu pengurus hanya sampai kepada harta pribadinya. Sedangkan Perseroan Terbatas (PT) merupakan perseoran berbadan hukum dan tanggungjawabnya terbatas. Adapun Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meneliti dan menganalisis mekanisme perubahan Persekutuan Komanditer (CV) Menjadi Badan Hukum Perseroan Terbatas (PT).Untuk menganalisis Tanggung Jawab Sekutu Komplementer Terhadap Perseroan Terbatas (PT) Yang Didirikan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat deskriptif analisis, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder berupa bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tertier sebagai data utama. Setelah data sekunder dan primer terkumpul, kemudian diadakan analisis secara kualitatif Berdasarkan hasil analisis data disimpulkan bahwa Prosedur pengalihan asset dari CV kepada PT harus sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku di bidang PT. Langkah pertama pengalihan asset tersebut adalah dengan mengadakan Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham (RUPS) untuk meminta persetujuan para persero dalam pengalihan asset dari CV kepada PT sebagaimana diketahui dalam PT, RUPS adalah organ perseroan yang mempunyai wewenang yang tidak diberikan kepada direksi atau dewan komisaris dalam batas yang ditentukan dalam Undang-Undang PT Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 dan/atau anggaran dasar PT. Terdapatnya dua jenis sekutu dalam Persekutuan Komanditer, yaitu sekutu komplementer dan sekutu komanditer mengakibatkan terdapatnya dua jenis tanggung jawab pula, yaitu tanggung jawab tidak terbatas (unlimited liability) dan tanggung jawab terbatas (limited liability). Pertanggunggjawaban sekutu komplementer apabila melakukan perbuatan hukum sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 12 dan Pasal 13 UUPT, maka terjadi peralihan hak dan kewajiban dari sekutu komplementer tersebut ke dalam perseroan dan perbuatan hukum yang dilakukan oleh sekutu komplementer tersebut mengikat perseroan.
TINJAUAN HUKUM PERJANJIAN JUAL BELI MELALUI TOKO ONLINE DITINJAU DARU UNDANG – UNDANG NOMOR 11 TAHUN 2008 TENTANG INFORMASI DAN TRANSAKSI ELEKTRONIK
Authors: Nuraeni Yeni , Septiana Ana
Published: March 2021

Transaksi jual beli melalui toko online ini menjadi alternatif yang menarik dan sangat diminati pembeli, karena lebih mudah mencari barang yang diinginkan, dapat membandingkan harga, kemudian membayar yang dapat dilakukan cukup mudah hanya dengan transfer, dan hanya menunggu barang datang tanpa harus keluar rumah sehingga lebih mudan dan simpel karna dapat dilakukan oleh siapa saja dan kapan saja dimanapun berada, namun dibalik kemudahan tersebut menimbulkan suatu permasalahan. Salah satu diantaranya apabila muncul suatu perbuatan wanprestasi dari salah satu pihak dalam transaksi tersebut, kemudian bagaimana pertanggungjawaban salah satu pihak apabila melakukan wanprestasi dan masalah lain seperti tidak ada kewajiban dari pihak penjual untuk melakukan konfirmasi kepada pembeli. Oleh karena itu pemerintah harus turut berperan sebagai sarana untuk memecahkan berbagai problem sosial tersebut. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk Mengetahui bagaimana Legalitas perjanjian jual beli online.Untuk Mengetahuiakibathukumyang timbul apabila salah satu dari pihak penjual atau pembeli melakukan wanprestasi dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perlindungan hukum bagi para pihak jual beli melalui toko online.

Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat deskriptif analisis, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder berupa bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tertier sebagai data utama. Setelah data sekunder dan primer terkumpul, kemudian diadakan analisis secara kualitatif

Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, disimpulkan bahwa perjanjian Jual beli melalui toko online pada dasarnya sama dengan jual beli konvensional yang dimana kedua belah pihak melakukan sebuah kesepakatan dan perjanjian jual beli online pun tidak lepas dari adanya kealpaan antara penjual maupun pembeli. Adapun perlindungan hukum pada perjanjian jual beli online ini pada dasarnya juga sama dengan perjanjian pada umumnya. Karena dalam perjanjian jual beli online ini juga terdapatnya dokumen perjanjian yang dimana dokumen ini berupa dokumen elektronik yang dapat di jadikan sebagai alat bukti yang sah
ANALISIS YURIDIS MENGENAI IMPLEMENTASI MEDIASI DI PENGADILAN AGAMA MAJALENGKA DALAM PERKARA PERCERAIAN BERDASARKAN PERATURAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2016 TENTANG PROSEDUR MEDIASI DI PENGADILAN
Authors: Dewi Kurniawati Rani
Published: March 2021

Setiap sistem hukum pasti mempunyai maksud dan tujuan, diantara tujuan dari sekian banyak tujuan sistem hukum adalah tercapainya sebuah keadilan. Karena rasa keadilan diantara orang bersengketa itu tidaklah sama khususnya pada sengketa perceraian, sehingga sulit untuk memuaskan rasa keadilan bagi kedua belah pihak yang bersengketa. Solusi yang terbaik adalah dengan perdamaian melalui mediasi. Akan tetapi kenyataan praktik yang dihadapi, jarang dijumpai bahwa mediasi perkara perceraian berhasil walaupun kedudukan hukum mediasi di Pengadilan Agama sudah cukup jelas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui implementasi, efektivitas serta faktor ketidak berhasilan dalam melaksanakan mediasi di Pengadilan Agama Majalengka.

Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif analisis, yaitu menggambarkan permasalahan yang berkaitan dengan objek penelitian. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder berupa bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tertier sebagai data utama. Setelah data sekunder dan primer terkumpul, kemudian diadakan analisis secara kualitatif.

Pelaksanaan mediasi di Pengadilan Agama Majalengka sudah berusaha mengupayakan perdamaian. Akan tetapi dalam prakteknya di pengadilan ditemukan ada ketidaksesuaian antara teori dengan praktek di pengadilan. Seperti, proses mediasi seharusya tertutup, para pihak tidak memilik hak untuk memilih. Mengenai tingkat kefektivan pemberlakuan perma ini bisa dikatakan belum begitu efektif, karena dalam pelaksanaanya. Perkara perceraian yang masuk dalam Mediasi di tahun 2019 ada 219 perkara, yang berhasil di mediasi ada 24 perkara, artinya mediasi yang dilakukan dan tidak berhasil ada 195 perkara. Faktor ketidakberhasilan mediasi di Pengadilan Agama Majalengka disebabkan karena faktor yang datang dari para pihak yang berperkara dan dari dalam peradilan. Faktor yang datang dari para pihak salah satunya adalah salah satu pihak tidak hadir. Kemudian, faktor yang datang dari peradilan adalah kurangnya keterampilan mediator, dan tempat mediasi ditentukan oleh pengadilan yang bisa jadi membuat para pihak tidak nyaman.
KEBEBASAN BERKONTRAK TERHADAP PERJANJIAN STANDAR BAKU DALAM MENCAPAI KEADILAN BERKONTRAK
Authors: Widiyaningsih Wiwin
Published: March 2021

Asas kebebasan berkontrak merupakan asas yang dipergunakannya sebagai landasan keberadaan perjanjian baku dalam mengatur hubungan hukum antara pelaku usaha dengan konsumen, namun dalam kenyataannya sangat jarang para pihak yang mengadakan perjanjian mempunyai posisi tawar seimbang. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penerapan asas kebebasan berkontrak dalam mewujudkan keadilan para pihak dan untuk mengetahui kedudukan perjanjian baku agar dapat mencapai keadilan bagi kedua belah pihak. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan spesifikasi penelitian bersifat deskriptif analitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asas kebebasan berkontrak dalam pelaksanaan perjanjian baku seringkali menjadi alasan pembenar bagi pelaku usaha kepada konsumen sehingga menimbulkan ketidakadilan. Adanya ketidakseimbangan kedudukan pelaku usaha dengan konsumen menyebabkan ketentuan-ketentuan dalam perjanjian baku lebih menguntungkan pelaku usaha dan merugikan konsumen. Oleh karena itu diperlukan pembatasan penerapan asas kebebasan berkontrak dalam kontrak baku dengan memberlakukan aturan yang melarang beberapa klausul tertentu untuk dimasukkan dalam kontrak baku, serta melakukan pengawasan terhadap penggunaan kontrak baku dalam kegiatan bisnis.
REKONSTRUKSI POSITIVISME DALAM HIERARKI PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Syuhada Otong
Published: March 2021

Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan mengembalikan posisi/kedudukan Ketetapan MPR ke dalam hierarki peraturan perundang-undangan. Padahal, dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 2004 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan, kedudukan dari Ketetapan MPR telah dihapuskan dalam hierarki perundang-undangan di Indonesia. Hal ini memunculkan pertanyaan dan permasalahan baru dengan adanya Ketetapan MPR dalam hierarki peraturan perundang-undangan.

Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif (doktriner) atau penelitian hukum kepusatakaan, karena yang dilakukan adalah meneliti bahan hukum pustaka atau data sekunder belaka untuk mengetahui dan mengkaji perihal konstitutionalitas ketetapan MPR dalam hierarki peraturan perundang-undangan. Sedangkan bahan hukum yang digunakan yaitu bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder.

Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, disimpulkan bahwa Ketetapan MPR merupakan salah satu dari jenis dan hierarki peraturan perundang-undangan yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan. Penempatan Ketetapan MPR kembali dalam hierarki peraturan perundang-undangan setelah sebelumnya dihapuskan dalam hierarki peraturan perundang-undangan dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 2004 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan menimbulkan permasalahan seperti ketetapan MPR yang merupakan bagian dari peraturan perundang-undangan yang tidak dapat dilakukan pengujian baik oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi ataupun Mahkamah Agung dan Rekonstruksi hierarki peraturan perundang-undangan penting dilakukan agar menjamin konsistensi dan keselarasan norma-norma pada berbagai tingkatan peraturan perundang-undangan.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS PELAKSANAAN DAN PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM RAHASIA DAGANG DALAM KERJASAMA FRANCHISE RESTO PASTA KANGEN MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NO 30 TAHUN 2000 TENTANG RAHASIA DAGANG (Studi di Resto Pasta Kangen Majalengka)
Authors: Kurniawati Rani Dewi , Kurniadi Rian
Published: March 2021

Saat ini permasalahan di bidang hak kekayaan intelektual menjadi salah satu permasalahan yang kompleks yang terjadi dalam dunia perdagangan baik nasional maupun internasional. Hal ini ditandai dengan keseriusan pemerintah dalam menangani permasalahan tersebut dengan diundangkannya UU No. 30 Tahun 2000 tentang Rahasia Dagang. Bisnis franchise di bidang kuliner  belakangan ini sudah menjadi pilihan bagi seseorang yang ingin membuka suatu usaha dengan praktis dan tinggal menjalankan saja. Banyaknya usaha franchise tentu saja dibarengi dengan usaha menjaga cita rasa dari makanan tersebut, salah satu cara menjaganya dengan melindungi rahasia dagang yang dimiliki.

Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut penulis bertujuan untuk mengkaji  bagaimana pelaksanaan rahasia dagang dalam kerjasama  Franchise Pasta Kangen dikaitkan dengan UU No 30 Tahun 2000 Tentang Rahasia Dagang, dan mengkaji  upaya perlindungan hukum Pasta Kangen guna untuk memperjelas hubungan hukum antara franchisee dan franchesor agar tidak merugikan salah satu pihak. Adapun teori yang menjadi landasan bagi penulis yaitu Teori Negara Hukum, Teori Hukum Dagang, Teori Perlindungan Hukum, Teori Hak Milik, Teori Kontrak, Teori Perbuatan Melawan Hukum, Teori Kepentingan, dan Teori Perikatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode yuridis-normatif,  penelitian hukum normatif yang merupakan penelitian dengan mengutamakan data kepustakaan yakni data sekunder, primer, tersier.
Sleep disturbances in newly diagnosed patients with early stages of Parkinson’s disease
Authors:   Republic Consultative and Diagnostic Center for Movement Disorders and Botulinum Therapy, KHASANOVA D. M. , ZALYALOVA Z. A. ,   Republic Consultative and Diagnostic Center for Movement Disorders and Botulinum Therapy, MUNASIPOVA S. E. ,   Republic Consultative and Diagnostic Center for Movement Disorders and Botulinum Therapy
Published: March 2021

According to numerous worldwide studies, patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) often experience sleep disturbances, the most common of which are insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness. The purpose of this study was to determine the quantitative and qualitative profile of sleep disorders in patients with the newly diagnosed PD, stages 1 and 2 according to Hoehn and Yahr. The assessment was carried out using the SCOPA-SLEEP scale. The study involved 95 people: 56 patients with a newly diagnosed PD, who had not previously received treatment (main group), and 39 individuals from the control group. Results. The profile of nocturnal sleep disturbances in PD patients was characterized by various symptoms: difficulty falling asleep (62,5%), night awakening (51,8%), long lying awake (57,1%), early awakening (50,0%), feeling lack of sleep (46,4%). In women, irrespective of the form and stage of PD, disturbances in nighttime sleep were found more often. Daytime hypersomnia among healthy volunteers was observed only in 5 participants (12,8%). The profile of daytime hypersomnia in PD patients was diverse: unexpected falling asleep during the day (n = 15, 26,8%), falling asleep in a calm environment (n = 17, 30,4%) or while reading and watching TV (n = 18, 32,1%). Difficulties in maintaining wakefulness during the day were noted by 13 patients (n = 13, 23,2%) with PD, and 4 patients (7,2%) reported difficulties due to excessive daytime sleepiness. Thus, given the prevalence and profile of dyssomnias, sleep disturbances may be an important sign of PD.
Correction of motor disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors:   KSMA — Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia, SABIROV Zh. F. , AKHMEDOVA G. M. ,   KSMA — Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia, KHAIBULLIN T. I. ,   KSMA — Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia
Published: March 2021

The main cause of occupational and social activity disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is motor deficit. The genesis of movement disorders reflects multifocal lesions of various parts of the spinal cord and brain. The patient groups were formed according to the EDSS scale: with mild (EDSS 2,5–4,0 b), moderate (EDSS 4,5–5,5 b) and severe motor disorders (6,0–6,5 b). There was performed neurological examination of patients with an assessment of the cognitive and vestibular functions of the body. The dominant syndromes in the development of motor disorders are central paresis, focal, pelvic and cognitive impairments. The developed complex of rehabilitation measures with the use of a stabilometric complex, a treadmill and physiotherapeutic treatment, made it possible to improve the motor function in patients with multiple sclerosis at all stages of the disease. These measures were implemented in the Republican Clinical and Diagnostic Center for demyelinating diseases in Kazan.
Clinical relevance of the brain morphometric indicators for the Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis
Authors:   Siberian State Medical University, KOLUPAEVA E. S. , ZHUKOVA I. A. ,   Siberian State Medical University, ZHUKOVA N. G. ,   Siberian State Medical University, TOLMACHEV I. V. ,   Siberian State Medical University, IZHBOLDINA O. P. ,   Siberian State Medical University, MIRONOVA Yu. S. ,   Siberian State Medical University, LATYPOVA A. V. ,   Siberian State Medical University
Published: March 2021

The purpose — to study the morphometric data of the brain in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) as a possible additional instrumental paraclinical neuroimaging marker to verify the accuracy of the diagnosis. Material and methods. We examined 27 patients with Alzheimer’s disease: 14 (51,9%) men and 13 (45,1%) women, average age 74,5 ± 8,7 years with a probable diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease, anamnestic type. All patients received standard combination therapy with anti-dementia drugs. The patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, followed by automated image segmentation and neuropsychological examination using the Montreal scale for assessing cognitive functions. Results. In our study, no statistically significant correlations were found between the data of neuropsychological testing, educational level, age, gender, and volumes of gray and white matter of the brain. Conclusion. According to the study, indicators of the volume of gray and white matter of the brain are not recommended as an additional neuroimaging marker of AD.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of alpha training for acute nonspecific neck and lower back pain using stabilometry
Authors:   Kirov State Medical University, BYKOVSKII P. V. , SHERMAN M. A. ,   Kirov State Medical University
Published: March 2021

Impaired postural control and balance and abnormal compensatory postural strategies are one of the pathogenetic mechanisms of development and chronicity of acute nonspecific neck and lower back pain. Stabilometry is a common and objective diagnostic technique that evaluates the postural control. The purpose is to determine the effectiveness of the alpha neurofeedback training for acute nonspecific neck and lower back pain, using the stabilometry. Material and methods. The study included 60 patients with acute nonspecific vertebrogenic pain. The patients were divided into two equal groups (30 people in each group) by random sampling depending on the treatment protocol. The neurofeedback technique and basic therapy was applied for patients of the main group while 30 patients of the control group had only basic therapy applied to them. All measurements were performed before and after treatment. Postural control was assessed using computerized posturography (stabilometry). Postural variables examined were the centre of pressure (CoP) location, CoP average sway, total CoP area sway, and CoP sway velocity. The effectiveness of treatment was assessed by the dynamics of postural stability, the pain score (VAS), the anxiety score (SCL-90-R) and the alpha rhythm index. Results. The intervention group displayed significant (p < 0,05) improvement in postural stability at the end of treatment. There were significant differences between the intervention and control groups in CoP average sway and total CoP area sway. Both groups exhibited a decrease in anxiety scale. Conclusions. The alpha neurofeedback training yielded improvements in posturography and pain outcomes. Our study also confirms the applicability of stabilometry in evaluating postural instability in patients with nonspecific neck and lower back pain.