bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enfermera visitadora modelo vanguardista de cuidados de salud en España
Authors: Dios-Aguado Mercedes de , Peters Angela Aparecida , Peres Maria Angélica de Almeida , Gómez-Cantarino Sagrario
Published: February 2023

Resumen Objetivo analizar la figura de la enfermera visitadora española en el periodo comprendido entre 1921 y 1953. Método estudio histórico-social, cualitativo, a partir de fuentes documentales primarias y secundarias. Se utilizó el Modelo Estrutural Dialético de Atención (MEDC), como soporte al proceso de gestión y análisis de datos. Resultados las enfermeras visitadoras españolas tenían el título de especialistas en salud pública, adquirido en Bedford College, en Inglaterra, o en la Fundación Rockefeller, en Estados Unidos. Actuaban en entornos rurales y urbanos, realizando su trabajo en Centros Primarios y Secundarios de Higiene Rural, lugares donde educaban a la población en las normas de higiene personal y salud pública. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica la enfermera visitadora española consiguió extender la educación sanitaria por todo el país, promover los hábitos higiénicos y nutricionales de la población en general, reducir la incidencia de las enfermedades infecto-contagiosas y promover las reformas sanitarias que se iniciaron a principios del siglo XX. En la actualidad, la figura de la enfermera visitadora puede ser considerada como precursora de la enfermera especialista en atención familiar y comunitaria.
Development and application of indoor digital drilling test systems
Authors: Liu Z. , Wang J. , Guo W. , Shi S. , Zhao R.
Published: February 2023

Digital drilling tests provide a new means to realise the real-time acquisition of surrounding rock parameters. In situ rock drilling can provide more reliable strength quality parameters for rocks compared with indoor experiments. Moreover, it is more capable than existing in situ rock testing methods, such as point load and cone penetration tests. This paper introduces an independently developed digital drilling test system for real triaxial rock indoors and carries out digital drilling tests of different lithological materials based on this system. The result shows that the indoor digital drilling test system has good monitoring performance and high stability in the drilling speed – steady revolution speed control mode. An active quantitative control test, a standard for constant drilling and rotation speed, is proposed, which has practical application.
Replications of Gaulish Toponyms in Biscay: On the Etymologies of Gorbeia, Orobio and Orozko
Authors: Martínez-Areta Mikel
Published: February 2023

There is a number of ethnonyms, toponyms and hydronyms in the central-northern part of the Iberian Peninsula which have been traditionally accounted for, with varying degrees of reliability, as names given by settlers coming from northern Gaul in the third centurybc. Thus, the Suessiones
may have provided the base for the ethnonym Suessetani (Huesca) and the site Suestatio (Araba). They may also have brought the name Corbio mentioned by Livy as a town of the Suessetani. Similarly, the river Nervión, the ethnonym Autrigones,
the divine name Vurovius, the choronym Bureba and its capital Briviesca (in northern Burgos), and some others like the Biscayan site Orobio, have been connected to the migrations of the Nervii mentioned by Caesar and related northern Gaulish peoples. All
these names will be discussed and analysed in conjunction, and two new etymologies will be proposed, within the frame of these migrations, for two place names in Biscay: Mount Gorbeia and Orozko.
The South-West of Ancient Hispania in its Linguistic and Epigraphic Context
Authors: García Alonso Juan Luis
Published: February 2023

This paper provides a linguistic and epigraphic context to the so-called 'Tartessian' or 'Southwestern' inscriptions from ancient Hispania. Starting from the general linguistic landscape in the Iberian Peninsula in pre-Roman and Roman times, with an overview of Lusitanian, in the vicinity
of these texts, and of the relatively well-known Celtiberian and pre-Indo-European languages (Iberian and Vasconic-Aquitanian), a description of the Palaeo-Hispanic variety of the writing system used in these texts is offered. In the final section, analysing in detail some of the arguments
to defend the Celticity of these inscriptions, a conclusion is reached that the large funerary stone stelae from Southern Portugal are not written in Celtic or any other Indo-European language, but rather in a largely unknown non-Indo-European agglutinative language.
Preocclusion in Manx
Authors: Lewin Christopher
Published: February 2023

Preocclusion – the insertion of a homorganic stop element before stressed final nasals and laterals – is one of the best-known features of Manx phonology. In written sources the phenomenon is only attested in certain nineteenth-century folksong manuscripts in non-standard
orthography, although there is reason to believe it developed significantly earlier. This article examines the phenomenon from synchronic, diachronic and comparative perspectives, evaluates previous hypotheses regarding its origins, and proposes an account which situates preocclusion within
wider developments in the liquid consonant inventory and prosody of the modern Gaelic languages. In particular, building on the intuitions of Rhŷ;s (1894), it is argued that the development of preocclusion in Manx is most plausibly to be linked to the reduction of the fortis-lenis contrast
in nasals and liquids and loss of gemination. Synchronically, preocclusion can be seen as one of a number of a developments which increase the weight of syllable codas in Gaelic phonology (Iosad 2016). Accounts involving language contact (McDonald 2021) are superficially attractive given the
presence of preocclusion in Scandinavian, but it is more likely this is the result of deeper structural similarities in the phonology of northern European languages, perhaps related to much older language contact in the region (Iosad 2016).
Cadelling ffraw and the Date of Marwnad Cynddylan
Authors: Sims-Williams Patrick
Published: February 2023

Anachronistic rhymes can indicate that lines of Welsh poetry cannot go back to an early date. This note considers the elegy on the seventh-century Cynddylan. This has been held to be non-contemporary because the word braw 'terror', which never had a final fricative, rhymes with
words that originally did have one. It is pointed out that the manuscript reading, ffraw, need not be connected with braw ; instead, it may be the adjective ffraw 'brisk, fervent, mighty', which originally had a nasal fricative (cf. the river name Ffraw,
English Frome), or a cognate of Old Irish sráb 'torrent', or a form of Welsh ffrawdd 'passion, violence, annoyance'. A suggested emendation to ffaw 'fame, famous' < Latin fāma is also discussed. All these would have had final fricatives
and would have rhymed acceptably.
The Duty of Engagement: An Analysis of the 2016 European Convention on an Integrated Safety, Security and Service Approach at Football Matches and Other Events
Authors: Byrne Seamus , Ludvigsen Jan Andre Lee
Published: February 2023

Safety and security concerns in the context of sporting events and, in particular, football, have existed for decades. This has led to responses from individual countries as well as on a supranational level through, for example, the Council of Europe (CoE) conventions. In this article, we critically analyse the CoE’s2016 Convention on an Integrated Safety, Security and Service Approach atFootball Matches and Other Sports Events (CETS, No.218). Hitherto, few analyses have concentrated on the scope and impacts of the Convention. Thus, this article first asks how contracting states should implement Article 8 of the Convention which enshrines a duty of engagement. Second, it questions how the Convention plays into the wider embrace of human rights in contemporary sport settings. The unfolding argument is that the Convention has been comparably under-researched within the literature on both human rights and sport mega-events and football-related legal analyses. Moreover, we argue that the Convention contains much potential for driving forward a more visible engagement with human rights law within a sporting context. In particular, Article 8, which enshrines a duty of engagement has the potential to foster a robust and transformative human rights compliant culture within the context of sport.  
Sexual Grooming of Children in Teaching as a Trust Profession in South Africa
Authors: Coetzee Susanna Abigael
Published: February 2023

The aim with this article is to put the sexual grooming of children in teaching as a trust profession in perspective. Because sexual grooming frequently precedes other sexual offences, targeting it can help prevent such offences. However, the author contends it should not be targeted as a preparatory offence but as an independent offence and form of sexual misconduct. This argument is supported by the fact that the institutional context and distinguishing features of schools make them unique hunting grounds for sexual groomers looking to sexually groom children. This risk is heightened by instances in which a school's institutional values, culture, traditions and practices facilitate sexual grooming. Furthermore, sexual grooming causes severe harm to a child, especially when it occurs within a trust relationship. Following a brief conceptual analysis of the offence of sexual grooming of children as set out in section 18 of the Criminal Law (Sexual Offences and Related Matters) Amendment Act 32 of 2007 and some reflection on dilemmas in this regard, the author deliberates on the harmfulness of sexual grooming, focussing on teaching as a trust profession. The author then addresses schools as breeding grounds for sexual grooming before discussing the institutional facilitation of sexual grooming. The author concludes with recommendations on how sexual grooming in schools could be approached.
Lateralization of Auditory Speech Asymmetry in Aphasic Disorders and the Influence of Its Vector on the Efficiency of Dichotic Listening to a Series of C-V-C Words and the Dynamics of Speech Recovery
Authors:   Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry - the Branch of V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Shipkova Karine M.
Published: February 2023

The dichotic listening task is commonly used in a wide range of neuropsychological issues for studying interhemispheric asymmetry and interhemispheric interaction mechanisms. The article aims to determine the specific vector of auditory speech asymmetry for efferent motor and acoustic mnestic aphasia and its correlation with the dynamics of speech recovery. The paper studied the frequency of the right and left vectors of auditory speech asymmetry in aphasics with different time post-onset and structural characteristics of lesions. Also, the paper analyses the influence of the ear advantage side on the efficiency index of dichotic listening and quantitative indicators of speech. Material. Patients with acoustic mnestic (n = 52) and efferent motor aphasia (N = 58) of moderate and mild severity. Methods. The dichotic listening task: 16 paired series of 4 monosyllabic words in each. Results. Time post-onset, as well as lesion size, does not influence directly auditory speech laterality in aphasics. The frequency of occurrence of the positive and negative signs of the coefficient of the right ear has no pronounced differences between the different lesion sizes and time post-onset in aphasia. The left hemisphere lesion marks the impairment of the reciprocity in hemispheric interaction. The left ear advantage influences positively the dichotic listening efficiency index. Aphasia recovery does not have a direct conjugacy with the side of lesion or ear advantage. At the same time, the left ear advantage in acoustic mnestic aphasia creates a more pronounced “positive shift” in speech scores than in efferent motor aphasia. Conclusion. It appears that interhemispheric speech reorganization is determined apart from topical, typological, time post-onset and the left-handedness factors by others that needed to be investigated.
System of Law
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Lebedev Vladimir M.
Published: February 2023

The article examines the system of Russian law and the grounds for singling out its elements. It gives the notion of the system, the main requirements that are imposed on it: there must be identity between the genus (system) and the sum of its species (branches, institutions), i.e. all elements of the system of law must exclude each other (disjunctivity principle); to divide the system into elements there must be one basis. In the article, the division of the system of law into elements is based on the subjective composition. The article argues that the division of Russian law into branches cannot be based on such grounds as subject matter and method. In the existing interpretations of the distinction between branches and institutions of Russian law, the approach is not systemic, but rather conglomerative. The practical necessity of differentiating law into branches and institutions is emphasised, and the history of their differentiation is examined. There should always be continuity in theory and practice. In this sense, it is impossible to ignore the fact that the law has been developed by a number of theories in the history of science. In this sense, one cannot but see that the distinction between branches by subject and method has been adopted by Russia in the organization of legal education: in the development of curricula, in the construction of individual courses and even in the structure of law schools, faculties and special courses. It is possible, and apparently necessary, to criticise the system of law proposed in its time by A.Ya. Vyshinsky, but it is hardly justified to "break" and "reconstruct" it, as has been done in the last decade. The bachelor's programme, the master's programme and the replacement of legal education with the provision of a service, all the more so as a paid service, have led to very sad results in the formation of the social status and legal consciousness of future lawyers. The author declares no conflicts of interests.
Notarial protection of the rights and legitimate interests of the parties in contracts requiring mandatory notarial form: prospects for development and problems of judicial practice
Authors:   Kuban State University, Schennikova Larisa V.
Published: February 2023

This study focuses on the analysis of contracts that require notarisation. The author focuses on the dynamics of the development of "cases" of compulsory notarisation of contracts established by Russian law. Of particular relevance is the analysis of foreign civil legislation stipulating the notarial compulsory form for civil law contracts. The author insists that the purpose of this kind of legislation is to ensure the effective protection of the rights and legitimate interests of civil parties. Of particular importance in this regard is the analysis of judicial practice in cases of invalidation of notarized contracts carried out in the study. To develop criteria (grounds, signs) which would allow the legislator to systematically include agreements into the category of mandatory notarization. It is also important to find incentives to exclude cases of judicial invalidation of notarized contracts. The research was carried out using the following methods: general scientific dialectic, universal scientific methods, as well as special legal methods, including comparative legal method, systemic interpretation and legal modelling. It has been proved that the cases of obligatory notarial authentication of contracts in the civil legislation should be based on their basic functions which determine the direction of influence on the participants of proprietary contracts. It was proposed to consider a special object, absence of counteroffer, proprietary law orientation, necessity of protection of family interests, as well as interests of debtor in agreements of security nature as criteria of obligatory notarial authentication of agreements. It has been established that the tendency in the development of civil legislation is an expansion of the list of contracts which require obligatory notarial authentication. It is offered to establish in the norms of notarial law property responsibility of notaries in case of invalidation of agreements certified by them in a judicial proceeding. It is possible to state that the goal of the publication has been reached. A system of criteria for including contracts into a category of obligatory notarial certification is proposed, and also the idea of civil liability of notaries in case of invalidation of contracts certified by them in a court order is formulated. The author declares no conflicts of interests.
Structure of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation: Modernity and Prospects
Authors:   Samara National Research University named after S.P. Korolev, Bezverkhov Arthur G. , Golenko Diana V. ,   Samara National Research University named after S.P. Korolev
Published: February 2023

The aim of the presented work is a legal analysis of the structure of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation from 1996 to 2020 in order to identify trends in contemporary criminal law construction and prospects for the structuring of Russian criminal legislation. We have studied individual structural components available in the Special Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (such as chapters, sections, articles, as well as special attention to the dispositions, sanctions and notes to the articles of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) in the context of the modern development of socio-economic and political relations. Particular attention is paid to the methods of legislative technique in the construction of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The tendencies typical of the modern criminal legislation were revealed. Attention was drawn to the presence of certain differences in the construction of the Soviet criminal codes and the current criminal law. Opinions existing in doctrine on the problem of construction of the modern criminal law of Russia are given. It is shown that the systematic ongoing permanent changes in the content of the articles of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation leads to a significant violation of the logic of the criminal law system of Russia as a whole, as well as entails the creation of irreducible inconsistencies and contradictions within the current criminal law. The lack of a holistic understanding of the basis and content of the criminal law leads to haphazard changes and transformations, which create chaos inside the criminal law document. The paper argues that the only way out of the current situation is the development of a unified concept of structuring the criminal law of the Russian Federation. The concept must be based on historical experience, on prevailing domestic political, economic and social conditions, on international legal agreements, on criminological foundations, on modern achievements in legislative technique and, of course, on the latest doctrinal research. In the first quarter of the XXI century criminal and legal doctrine has carried out a profound scientific synthesis in the structure and content of the General and Special parts of the criminal law and created all the necessary groundwork for the development of a new Criminal Code of the Russian Federation or for the proposal of a new edition of the existing criminal law. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
Transformation of summary procedure in civil and arbitration proceedings into an ordinary procedure
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Galkovskaya Natalya G.
Published: February 2023

The author conducted a detailed analysis of the mechanism of transition from summary procedure to litigation or administrative proceedings in civil and arbitration trials and revealed the features and problems of its legal regulation. The provisions of Chapter 21.1 of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation and Chapter 29 of the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation were studied, and the explanations contained in the Resolution of the Supreme Court Plenum dated April 18, 2017 No. 10 were taken into account. Official statistics were used to track the effectiveness of the use of summary procedure and the institution of transition to a standard procedure for trying cases. With the help of rich empirical material, the problems that arise when solving the question of the transformation of the procedural order are revealed. The methodological basis of this study was made up of general and special methods of scientific research (historical, comparative law, method of dialectical cognition, formal-logical method of interpretation of law and the method of system analysis). The author studies some special rules that regulate the procedural transition from summary to general procedure in trials. For a more in-depth analysis, the grounds for the transition are divided into two groups: mandatory and optional. A not limiting list of mandatory grounds was revealed, it was proposed to supplement it. Optional grounds are critically analyzed. It has been established that the initiator of the transformation of the procedural form can be either the court or the parties. However, the procedural legislation does not provide for the mandatory transition to the general rules for the consideration of the case at the request of the party. Moreover, the procedural transformation of the order of trial cannot be arbitrary, regardless of the party which starts it. The author concludes that the dependence of the decision on the transition from a summary procedure to an ordinary one on the discretion of the court should not be an obstacle for the parties to a trial when they protect their rights. But, the transition to trying the case according to general rules should not worsen the position of the parties. Attention is drawn to several problems involving the third parties in summary procedure, as well as to the decision to accept a counterclaim for joint consideration with the original, the ways to solve them being proposed. The problems of legal regulation identified in the course of the study may serve as a vector for further improving the mechanism for the procedural transformation of summary proceedings into an ordinary procedure. The author declares no conflicts of interests.
The formation and development of detachment (otryad) system in Soviet and Russian correctional institutions
Authors:   Moscow Regional Branch of the Vladimir Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs ofRussia, Kuzmin Stanislav I. , Chukanova Evgeniya S. ,   Moscow Regional Branch of the Vladimir Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs ofRussia
Published: February 2023

The article focuses on the formation and development of the detachment (otryad) system for the maintenance of convicts. The author discusses the specificity of the organizational structure and its functioning of correctional institutions of the USSR and Russia. The structure of labour associations of prisoners, which was used during the construction of the White Sea-Baltic Canal, had significant shortcomings: many convicts, who did not belong to workers and peasants, found themselves outside the educational influence. Therefore, labour associations, which played a positive role at a certain stage, were substituted with construction teams and labour colonies as more progressive organizational structures. The detachment consisted of brigades and included 300-600 people, depending on the production type, scope of work, and available living space. The head of the detachment was appointed from among the prisoners of the detachment and, in case of release, had the right to remain in this position for free employment. The newly arrived prisoners were to undergo the sanitation and quarantine, after which they were enlisted in the existing detachments or formed new ones. The head of the detachment was the assistant foreman for the organization of labour and the deployment of the workforce. This person managed the detachment with the help of an assistant chief for everyday life (also a supply manager), two educators (a senior and a regular educator for a detachment of more than 400 people), a senior worker and supervisors. The detachment had its own household services within a special staff.
Some features of the calculation of the period of correctional labour in the new socioeconomic reality
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Tkach Aleksandr S.
Published: February 2023

The development of a market economy in post-Soviet Russia has introduced new organizational and legal forms of employment: individual entrepreneurship and self-employment; bywork and part-time work became widespread. The author considers the problems of the procedure for calculating the term of punishment in the form of correctional labour in relation to new realities and suggests ways to resolve them; analyses the impact of socioeconomic changes, including the emergence of new forms of employment in modern Russia, on the possibility of executing a criminal penalty in the form of corrective labour; proposes methods for calculating the term of the served sentence for such subjects of market activity as self-employed people and individual entrepreneurs. The author discusses the issues of the execution of correctional labour both in relation to persons doing bywork and those working part-time and overtime. Taking into account the peculiarities of the organization of labour relations, the procedure for recording working time and calculating the taxable base, the author proposes methods for calculating the period of corrective labour in the new economic realities.
Measures of coercion in the criminal procedure in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Lichtenstein: Historical development
Authors:   Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, Trefilov Aleksandr A.
Published: February 2023

Based on normative and doctrinal sources, the author examines the historical development of procedural coercion measures in the criminal proceedings of the German-speaking states on the example of classical legal monuments and modern codes of the 19th-20th centuries. Initially, the system of coercive measures in these legal orders looked rather primitive and archaic (for example, during the period of the Saxon Mirror of 1230), but over time it began to become more complicated, a general part and a special part separated in it. In the states under consideration, there is a tendency to expand the list of measures of procedural coercion, to establish additional guarantees of the rights and freedoms of the person to whom they apply. An analysis of the Carolina of 1532 shows that the legislator sought to clearly regulate the grounds and conditions for choosing a measure of coercion in the form of detention for the accused, since this form most seriously interferes with the sphere of their personal rights. The Theresiana of 1769 for the first time provided for house arrest, which was used along with imprisonment in a fortress and in prison. In the transition from an inquisitorial criminal procedure to a mixed one, coercive measures become the object of judicial control. The legislator seeks to find a balance between the interests of the accused and the interests of justice in criminal cases. This article may be useful to anyone interested in criminal proceedings and in the history of the state and law of foreign countries.
Теория вероятностей и математическая статистика
Authors: Александр Колданов , Петр Колданов
Published: February 2023

В учебнике изложены основные разделы теории вероятностей и математической статистики, составляющие базовый курс этого предмета. Особенность учебника заключается в равномерном распределении материала теории вероятностей и математической статистики. Сделан акцент на построении и анализе вероятностных моделей. При изложении математической статистики уделено внимание свойствам процедур статистического вывода. Излагается современный метод построения текстов, основанный на р-значениях. Выделен круг задач, для которых возможно построение оптимальных процедур статистического анализа. Все основные понятия и результаты проиллюстрированы подробно рассмотренными примерами. В конце каждой главы приведены задачи для самостоятельного решения. Для студентов вузов и всех, кто хочет овладеть методами теории вероятностей и математической статистики.
PIP MRI Magnetization Transfer Ratio (MTR) Measurement of Myelofibrosis in Mouse Tibia v1
Authors: L Chenevert Thomas
Published: February 2023

The goal of this Co-Clinical Imaging Research Program (CIRP) pre-clinical imaging protocol (PIP) is to provide detailed description of key steps used to achieve a stated level of technical repeatability (precision) embodied in “Claims”, for MRI measurement of magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) in tibia bone marrow of myelofibrosis mouse models. This pre-clinical imaging procedure document will be referred to as a “profile” and adheres to a PIP MRI template provided in: https://www.protocols.io/workspaces/pre-clinical-imaging-protocols. Here we treat MTR as a “quantitative” metric, although numerical MTR results are a strong function of multiple experimental parameters and MRI hardware conditions. This profile will adopt the common practice to express MTR values in on a 0 to 1 scale. Empirically, MTR reflects fraction of visible signal loss due to application of off-resonance saturation RF energy depleting magnetization in the semi-solid (invisible) macromolecular matrix thus reducing magnetization replenishing visible signal.Simple fluids free of macromolecules should have an MTR » 0, whereas macromolecule-rich semi-solid tissues such as myelin, muscle, scar and collagen exhibit relatively high MTR (> 0.5). This document details procedures for MTR measurement in MF mouse tibia to achieve stated performance claims. Tibia bone marrow composition in MF mouse models has gradation going from proximal to distil ends of the tibia, therefore separate claims are made for volume of interest (VOI) analysis of ADC maps for each of three distinct sections along the length of the tibia (see Figure 1): Section 1 (proximal)º VOI (~4-5mm3) within 9mm of proximal end of tibia Section 2 (transition)º VOI (~0.4-0.5mm3) from 10 to 12mm of proximal end of tibia Section 3 (distil)º VOI (~0.1-0.2mm3) from 13 to 14mm of proximal end of tibia Claim 1:A measured change in the mean ADC in Section 1 VOI of MF mouse model tibia that exceeds ±0.037µm2/ms indicates a true biological change has occurred in the tibia bone marrow with 95% confidence. Claim 2:A measured change in the mean ADC in Section 2 VOI of MF mouse model tibia that exceeds ±0.087µm2/ms indicates a true biological change has occurred in the tibia bone marrow with 95% confidence Claim 3:A measured change in the mean ADC in Section 3 VOI of MF mouse model tibia that exceeds ±0.030µm2/ms indicates a true biological change has occurred in the tibia bone marrow with 95% confidence
Run Clearmap 1 docker v2
Authors: Negwer Moritz
Published: February 2023

This protocol is a supplement to our upcoming publication "FriendlyClearMap: An optimized toolkit for mouse brain mapping and analysis". In this protocol, we describe in detail how to run Clearmap1 in a Docker container.
EMP 16S Illumina Amplicon Protocol v2
Authors: Greg Caporaso J.
Published: February 2023

The 16S protocol detailed here is designed to amplify prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) using paired-end 16S community sequencing on the Illumina platform. Primers515F-806R target the V4 region of the 16S SSU rRNA. For running these libraries on the MiSeq and HiSeq, please make sure you read the supplementary methods of Caporaso et al. (2012). You will need to make your sample more complex by adding 5-10% PhiX to your run.
Three Actors of Entrepreneur Mentoring and Their Impact on Perceived Mentoring Effectiveness: The Korean Formal Mentoring Context
Authors:   People&Global Business Association, Kim Boyoung
Published: February 2023

Purpose: This study investigates the impact of three actors that influence entrepreneur mentoring—mentor, mentee, and operating agency—on mentoring effectiveness within the context of formal mentoring in Korea. Specifically, the study considers the characteristics of the mentee, mentoring functions provided by the mentor, and support from the operating agency as antecedents to explain the perceived mentoring effectiveness of the mentee.
Design/methodology/approach: I conducted two studies. Study 1 involves data from mentees participating in the entrepreneur mentoring program hosted by the Korea Venture Business Association from March to June 2018. Data for Study 2 was collected from mentees participating in the mentoring program hosted by incubating center of university located in South Korea from November to October 2022. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to examine the hypotheses.
Findings: First, Study 1 shows that willingness to receive mentoring positively affects entrepreneurial competence improvement, but this impact was insignificant in Study 2. Second, the problem-solving function provided by the mentor presents a significant positive effect on both mentoring satisfaction and entrepreneurial competence improvement. Third, the motivating function undertaken by a mentor only has a significant positive effect on improving entrepreneurial competence in Study 1. This motivating function positively affects mentoring satisfaction and entrepreneur competence improvement in Study 2. Fourth, support from the operating agency has a significant positive impact on both mentoring satisfaction and improving entrepreneurial competence after controlling for the mentor and mentee effects.
Research limitations/implications: This study provides a theoretical contribution to the research on entrepreneur mentoring. In this regard, it suggests three actors-based models of mentoring effectiveness and practical implications for organizations executing entrepreneurship mentoring programs. Accordingly, it confirms that the operating agency’s managerial role is necessary for enhancing entrepreneur mentoring effectiveness.
Originality/value: Entrepreneur mentoring is implemented via formal mentoring in many developing countries. However, little attention has been paid to the operating agency as the primary determinant affecting mentoring effectiveness. The current study addresses this gap by examining the effects of three actors in formal mentoring— mentee, mentor, and operating agency—on the mentee’s perceived mentoring effectiveness.
Evaluation of effectiveness of combined supportive treatment for paronychia and pyogenic granulomas, associated with targeted anticancer therapy
Authors: Polonskaia Aleksandra S. , Shatokhina Evgeniya A. , Kruglova Larisa S.
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Paronychia and pyogenic granulomas occur in 1050% of patients treated with epidermal growth receptor (EGFR) inhibitors. Supportive therapy for periungual lesions is challenging, since these adverse reactions are prone to torpidity and frequent relapses.
AIM: to evaluate the effectiveness of supportive treatment for paronychia and pyogenic granulomas ― dermatologic adverse events of EGFR inhibitors, with a combined cream with betamethasone dipropionate, clotrimazole, gentamicin, and betaxolol solution.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 16 patients with paronychia and pyogenic granulomas associated with EGFR inhibitor therapy were included in a 12-week open-label prospective study. Paronychia and pyogenic granulomas severity assessment was performed with the NCI-CTCAE v. 5.0, a developed 10-point scale. The intensity of pain was assessed with a visual-analogue scale (VAS). The quality of life was assessed with the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI).
RESULTS: A significant improvement of all parameters (p 0.05) was evaluated from week 1, indicating the effective reduction of dermatologic adverse event objective and subjective symptoms, improvement of patients quality of life. By the end of the study, 37.5% of patients had complete resolution of lesions, 62.5% of patients had minimal residual erythema. Decrease of pain sensation in the affected periungual folds was observed throughout the study (p 0.05). DLQI score indicated the "small effect" of paronychia and pyogenic granulomas on patients life by the end of the study.
CONCLUSIONS: Supportive treatment of paronychia and pyogenic granulomas with a combined cream with betamethasone dipropionate, clotrimazole and gentamicin and a betaxolol 0.25% solution is effective in the management of paronychia and pyogenic granulomas objective and subjective symptoms, has a high tolerability, allows to improve patients quality of life and continue targeted therapy without dose reduction. Long-term maintenance of pain sensation after paronychia and pyogenic granulomas resolution underlines the need for additional treatment options that will improve the effectiveness of pain management.
Randomized study of the efficacy of monoclonal antibodies in patients with refractory psoriasis
Authors: Olisova Olga Yu. , Nikuradze Victoria O. , Grekova Ekaterina V.
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: The main vector of psoriasis therapy is suppression of proliferative activity of keratinocytes, normalization of their differentiation, neutralization of immune inflammation in the dermis and normalization of cytokine balance.
AIM: of the study was to study the efficacy and tolerability of an IL-17A inhibitor (secukinumab) as monotherapy and in combination with methotrexate in patients with moderate and severe psoriasis vulgaris.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The severity of psoriasis was assessed by the Psoriasis Prevalence and Severity Index (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index, PASI). To assess the damage to the nail plates of the hands and feet in psoriasis, the NAPSI index (Nail Psoriasis Severity Index) was used. In order to assess the quality of life of patients with psoriasis, a Russian-language version of the dermatological quality of life index (DQLI) was used. Patients' quality of life was assessed before the prescribed therapy and at 12 weeks of treatment. Assessment of the severity of itching and its impact on the daily life of patients was carried out according to the Prurindex questionnaire.
RESULTS: All patients were divided into two groups by a randomized method. The first group included 25 patients who received therapy with secukinumab in the age category of 55 (3067) years. The second group included 25 patients aged 56 (3469) years of moderate and severe psoriasis who were treated with secukinumab after initiation (300 mg) 150 mg subcutaneously in combination with methotrexate 15 mg intramuscularly for 24 weeks. Thus, in the first group PASI 90 was achieved after 24 weeks ― in 69%, PASI 100 ― in 31% patients; in the second group ― PASI 90 ― in 68%, PASI 100 ― in 32% patients respectively. In both groups, it was possible to maintain clinical remission (PASI 90) in 87.3% of patients throughout the year. During therapy in patients of both groups, there was a decrease in DLQI values from 25.63.7 to 3.53.1 (p 0.01) in the first group and from 23.33.7 up to 3.12.6 in the second group.
CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of patients with moderate and severe psoriasis vulgaris with secukinumab has shown its high efficacy and safety. Moreover, it was estimated that the combination of secukinumab and methotrexate is comparable in effectiveness to secukinumab monotherapy. It has been established that the use of secukinumab as monotherapy and in combination with methotrexate significantly improves the quality of life of patients with moderate and severe psoriasis vulgaris.
Lymphocyte enzymes as an indicator of immune response activity in ixodid tick-borne borreliosis
Authors: Avdeeva Marina G. , Moshkova Darya Y. , Blazhnyaya Lyudmila P. , Kozyreva Elena V.
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Acute ixodid tick-borne borreliosis tends to turn into a protracted and chronic course. This suggests studying the causes of the violation of the immune status of a sick person. The central structural unit of immunity is the lymphocyte. It is known that the formation of specific T-lymphocyte subpopulations is based on the central role of IL-2, leading to the restructuring of cellular metabolic pathways. The regulation of signaling pathways and lymphocyte metabolism primarily determines disease outcomes.
AIM: This study determines the pathogenetic mechanisms of the infectious and inflammatory processes in the erythemal form of acute ixodid tick-borne borreliosis based on the study of the lymphocytic lysosomal enzyme activity, the level of IL-2, and the clinical disease manifestations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The main group is represented by 609 patients hospitalized at the Krasnodar City Clinical Hospital from 2010 to 2019. The study group comprised 45 patients with an erythemal form of acute ixodid tick-borne borreliosis. In the dynamics of the disease, the level of IL-2 and the cytochemical activity of acid phosphatase and non-specific alpha naphthyl esterase of lymphocytes were determined.
RESULTS: During the height of ixodid tick-borne borreliosis, a decrease in the cytochemical activity of hydrolytic enzymes of lymphocytes was noted compared with the control group. IL-2 levels had a high dispersion and were associated with clinical disease manifestations. A low level of IL-2 correlated with a decrease in the activity of alpha-naphthyl esterase lymphocytes. During the period of convalescence, there was a restoration of lymphocytic enzymatic activity and an increase in the number of cells with a pronounced activity of alpha-naphthyl esterase, typical of T-lymphocytes with killer activity.
CONCLUSION: The hydrolytic enzymes of the lysosomes of acid phosphatase and alpha-naphthyl esterase lymphocytes enable judging the intensity of intracellular metabolic processes and, combined with clinical disease symptoms and IL-2 activity, are indicators of the state of the immune process, supplementing the results of traditional immunological studies in patients with the erythema form of acute ixodid tick-borne borreliosis. The predominance of enzymatically inactive forms of T-lymphocytes in the acute period of the disease reflects a specific deficiency of T-cell immunity.
Predictors of lethal outcomes in severe cases of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19
Authors: Shapovalov Konstantin G. , Tsydenpilov Galdan A. , Lozovsky Evgeny V. , Latyshov Alexander A. , Petrova Polina V.
Published: February 2023

Background. The spread of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 has already become one of the main problems of national healthcare systems around the world. Until now, it has not been possible to find drugs with sufficient etiotropic activity for COVID-19, and therefore, it is important to determine new points of application for pathogenetic therapy in relation to this pathology.
Aim. To identify the predictors of an unfavorable outcome of a severe course of COVID-19 infection to determine the prognosis of the clinical course and optimize treatment tactics using succinates.
Material and methods. A retrospective observational study of 46 cases of treatment with a severe form of the disease on the basis of a monohospital for the treatment of patients with a new coronavirus infection was conducted. All patients had comobrid pathology (median Charlson index 3 points). The most common ones were: encephalopathy of mixed genesis, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, arterial hypertension, alimentary-constitutional obesity. We assessed the relationship between indicators of initial status and mortality in patients, and indicators with a statistically significant relationship were selected as predictors. Statistical processing of the results was carried out in the IBM SPSS v. 23.0, ROC analysis was used to find the relationship between quantitative predictors and lethal outcome.
Results. Among the treated parameters, the most significant influence on the risk of death was found in arterial anion gap (odds ratio 28.78; p 0.017) and fibrinogen level (odds ratio 22.20; p 0.01). To a lesser extent, the level of urea, aspartate aminotransferase, and the Charlson comorbidity index had an effect on the prognosis of a lethal outcome. The identified predictors of an unfavorable outcome of a severe course of COVID-19 infection can be used to predict the clinical course and build treatment tactics based on the received information.
Conclusion. Predictors of poor outcomes in severe COVID-19 infections include arterial anion gap and fibrinogen levels, and to a lesser extent, urea levels, aspartate aminotransferase levels, and the Charlson comorbidity index.
Bosque Rodrigues Alves Jardim Zoobotânico da Amazônia: uma análise da percepção do turismo, pós isolamento da COVID-19, a partir de seus visitantes
Authors: Vieira da Silva Gizeline , Furtado dos Reis Quésia , Mendes Fabrício Lemos de Siqueira , Moreira Pinto Paulo , Ivan Raiol de Campos Raul
Published: February 2023

A pandemia trouxe impactos negativos em diversos setores da sociedade, dentre eles, o turismo, que foi bastante afetado. Em relação à quarentena, acredita-se que as mudanças causaram o aumento do estresse da população. Com a diminuição de casos de COVID-19, muitas atividades têm sido retomadas gradativamente pós-isolamento, a exemplo do turismo em Parques Urbanos (PU). É inegável que a utilização e o contato com espaços verdes urbanos e outros espaços naturais, como os parques, podem contribuir para a manutenção da saúde e do bem-estar dos frequentadores. O Bosque Rodrigues Alves (BRA) é considerado um patrimônio da cidade de Belém, sendo importante na preservação da flora e fauna do ecossistema amazônico. Neste sentido, este artigo teve como objetivo analisar a percepção do turismo pós-isolamento da pandemia a partir de seus visitantes. A metodologia utilizada foi a quali-quantitativa realizada por meio da aplicação de 500 questionários aos visitantes durante o mês de outubro de 2021. Os dados foram tabulados e, posteriormente, realizou-se a análise estatística. Como resultado, observou-se que os visitantes do Bosque são jovens adultos, com idade de 31 a 40 anos, cujos principais pontos de insatisfação relatados foram a sinalização, a acessibilidade e a infraestrutura local. Deste modo, concluiu-se que para essas problemáticas é necessário um direcionamento das políticas públicas voltadas para a revitalização e manutenção do BRA para que as visitas sejam mais agradáveis.
El apiturismo y su potencialidad en Veracruz
Authors: Tovar Cabañas Rodrigo , Vázquez Espinosa Shany Arely , Villanueva Hernández Hipólito
Published: February 2023

El valor de esta investigación radica en que, tras la pandemia de 2020, el sector turístico a nivel nacional, ha sido fuertemente lacerado en su participación dentro del Producto Interno Bruto, siendo el ecoturismo una opción plausible para las nuevas dinámicas espaciales que ha de experimentar esta actividad recreativa. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo científico es elaborar una serie de cartogramas de los apiarios en el estado de Veracruz (México), para documentar los baluartes del apiturismo de cada municipio y de esa manera aportar elementos para caracterizar el rumbo que pudieran seguir algunas agendas ecoturísticas de Veracruz. Es de advertir que el procedimiento metodológico es un esfuerzo de aproximación al fenómeno de Big Data, pues nuestra búsqueda se realizó a través de encuestas virtuales mediante el uso de redes sociales. Dentro de los resultados más apremiantes tenemos que el municipio óptimo para el apiturismo es Coatepec; luego están cuatro municipios de la región de Nautla que presentan óptimas condiciones para el apiturismo; Martínez de la Torre, Nautla, Yecuatlan y Misantla; les sigue el municipio de la región Huasteca Baja: Castillo de Teayo; por último, una cuarta opción es el municipio de la región Papaloapan.