bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cell Membrane-Camouflaged Nanoparticles: A Promising Biomimetic Strategy for Cancer Theragnostics
Authors: Vijayan Veena , Uthaman Saji , Park In-Kyu
Published: September 2018

Biomimetic functionalization of nanoparticles through camouflaging with cellular membranes has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer theragnostics. Cellular membranes used for camouflaging nanoparticles are generally isolated from blood cells, immune cells, cancer cells, and stem cells. The camouflaging strategy of wrapping nanoparticles with cellular membranes allows for superior tumor targeting through self-recognition, homotypic targeting and prolonged systematic circulation, thereby aiding in effective tumor therapy. In this review, we emphasized the various types of cellular membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles, their mechanisms in targeted therapy and various biomimetic strategies for anti-cancer therapy.
Diffusion in Nanoporous Materials: Novel Insights by Combining MAS and PFG NMR
Authors: Kärger Jörg , Freude Dieter , Haase Jürgen
Published: September 2018

Pulsed field gradient (PFG) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) allows recording of molecular diffusion paths (notably, the probability distribution of molecular displacements over typically micrometers, covered during an observation time of typically milliseconds) and has thus proven to serve as a most versatile means for the in-depth study of mass transfer in complex materials. This is particularly true with nanoporous host materials, where PFG NMR enabled the first direct measurement of intracrystalline diffusivities of guest molecules. Spatial resolution, i.e., the minimum diffusion path length experimentally observable, is limited by the time interval over which the pulsed field gradients may be applied. In “conventional” PFG NMR measurements, this time interval is determined by a characteristic quantity of the host-guest system under study, the so-called transverse nuclear magnetic relaxation time. This leads, notably when considering systems with low molecular mobilities, to severe restrictions in the applicability of PFG NMR. These restrictions may partially be released by performing PFG NMR measurements in combination with “magic-angle spinning” (MAS) of the NMR sample tube. The present review introduces the fundamentals of this technique and illustrates, via a number of recent cases, the gain in information thus attainable. Examples include diffusion measurements with nanoporous host-guest systems of low intrinsic mobility and selective diffusion measurement in multicomponent systems.
Analysis of Overlying Strata Movement and Disaster-Causing Effects of Coal Mining Face under the Action of Hard Thick Magmatic Rock
Authors: Wu Quanlin , Wu Quansen , Xue Yanchao , Kong Peng , Gong Bin
Published: September 2018

When the hard and thick key strata are located above the working face, the bed separation structure is easy to be formed after mining because of the high strength and integrity of the hard and thick key strata and the initial breaking step is large. After the hard, thick strata are broken, the overburden will be largely collapsed and unstable in a large area and the dynamic disaster is easily induced. In this study, considering the fundamental deformation and failure effect of coal seam, the development law of the bed separation and the fractures under hard and thick magmatic rocks and the mechanism of breaking induced disaster of hard and thick magmatic rocks are studied by similar simulation tests. The results of the study are as follows: (1) The similar material ratio of coal seam is obtained by low-strength orthogonal ratio test of similar materials of coal seam, that is, cement:sand:water:activated carbon:coal = 6:6:7:1.1:79.9. (2) The magmatic rocks play a role in shielding the development of the bed separation, which makes the bed separation beneath the magmatic rock in an unclosed state for a long time, providing space for the accumulation of gas and water. (3) The distribution pattern of the fracture zone shows different shapes as the advancing of working face and the fracture zone width of the rear of working face coal wall is larger than that of the front of the open-off. (4) The breaking of magmatic rocks will press the gas and water accumulated in the bed separation space below to rush towards the working face along the fracture zone at both ends of the goaf. The above results are verified through the drainage borehole gas jet accident in the Yangliu coal mine. The research results are of great significance for revealing the occurrence process of dynamic disasters and adopting scientific and reasonable preventive measures.
Ruthenium Oxide Nanorods as Potentiometric pH Sensor for Organs-On-Chip Purposes
Authors: Tanumihardja Esther , Olthuis Wouter , Van den Berg Albert
Published: September 2018

A ruthenium oxide (RuOx) sensor for potentiometric pH sensing is currently being developed for organs-on-chip purposes. The sensor was fabricated from a Ru(OH)3 precursor, resulting in RuOx nanorods after heating. An open-circuit potential of the RuOx electrode showed a near-Nernstian response of −58.05 mV/pH, with good selectivity against potentially interfering ions (lithium, sulfate, chloride, and calcium ions). The preconditioned electrode (stored in liquid) had a long-term drift of −0.8 mV/h, and its response rate was less than 2 s. Sensitivity to oxygen was observed at an order of magnitude lower than other reported metal-oxide pH sensors. Together with miniaturizability, the RuOx pH sensor proves to be a suitable pH sensor for organs-on-chip studies.
DroneTank: Planning UAVs’ Flights and Sensors’ Data Transmission under Energy Constraints
Authors: Xiong Runqun , Shan Feng
Published: September 2018

We consider an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV, also known as drone) as an aerial sink to travel along a natural landscape or rural industrial linear infrastructure to collect data from deployed sensors. We study a joint schedule problem that involves flight planning for the drone and transmission scheduling for sensors, such that the maximum amount of data can be collected with a limited individual energy budget for the UAV and the sensors, respectively. On one hand, the flight planning decides the flight speed and flight path based on sensor locations, energy budgets, and the transmission schedule. On the other hand, the transmission schedule decides for each sensor when to deliver data and what transmission power to use based on the energy budgets and flight plan. By observing three import optimality properties, we decouple the joint problem into two subproblems: drone flight planning and sensor transmission scheduling. For the first problem, we propose a dynamic programming algorithm to produce the optimal flight planning. For the second problem, with a flight plan as input, we introduce a novel technique (water-tank), which together with dynamic programming, is the key to achieve an optimal transmission schedule that maximizes data collection. Simulations show that the separately determined flight plan and transmission schedule are near-optimal for the original joint problem.
A Preliminary Analysis of Immigrant Cattle Feedyard Worker Perspectives on Job-Related Safety Training
Authors: Ramos Athena K. , Carlo Gustavo , Grant Kathleen M. , Bendixsen Casper , Fuentes Axel , Gamboa Rodrigo
Published: September 2018

Immigrants comprise a large percentage of the agricultural labor force in the United States. They are a vulnerable worker population and often have fewer occupational and social protections. Latino immigrant cattle feedyard workers (N = 68; 59 men; mean age = 38.7 years) in the central Midwest reported on their perceptions and preferences for job-related safety training and practices. Preliminary findings indicate that approximately 40% of workers reported that they had not received any health or safety training from their current employer, and only about 13% had ever participated in any Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) safety training program. In-person training, videos, or shadowing another worker were the most frequent methods of safety training reported by those who had received training. More than 90% were interested in receiving more information about health and safety related to their job. Workers preferred that safety information be provided through in-person training at the job site, videos (particularly those accessible through media sources such as YouTube), and written materials. Specific topics that workers were interested in obtaining more information about included zoonoses, low-stress cattle handling, injury prevention, hazard and injury reporting, chemical and equipment safety, and teamwork. Furthermore, a majority of participants preferred to receive information in Spanish. Results may help guide the development of future materials and training strategies to better suit the needs of the growing immigrant workforce in production agriculture.
Subterranean Values and Deviance: An Empirical Investigation of the Case of Spain
Authors: Herranz de Rafael Gonzalo , Fernández-Prados Juan Sebastián
Published: September 2018

This study examines value similarities between deviant youth on the one hand and mainstream society on the other rather than value differences. The classic sociological research on deviance by Matza and Sykes supports this approach, given that their investigations focused more on similarities between subterranean values and the values of normal society. The General Social Survey of Spain (2016) includes 17 indicators for deviant behavior, which is the dependent variable. Likewise, it is used to define social capital and the rest of the different independent variables of the analysis. In conclusion, whereas social capital and social values were absent as causes of juvenile delinquency, the following variables explained significantly the deviant behavior among Spanish youth: tolerance towards deviance, adolescent experience, and sex. This suggests that there are at least two possible keys to improve or avoid the problem of juvenile crime: prevention or awareness programmes and new critical feminist criminology point of view.
Knockdown of Butyrylcholinesterase but Not Inhibition by Chlorpyrifos Alters Early Differentiation Mechanisms in Human Neural Stem Cells
Authors: Tiethof Angela K. , Richardson Jason R. , Hart Ronald P.
Published: September 2018

Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is the evolutionary counterpart to acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Both are expressed early in nervous system development prior to cholinergic synapse formation. The organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) primarily exerts toxicity through the inhibition of AChE, which results in excess cholinergic stimulation at the synapse. We hypothesized that the inhibition of AChE and BChE by CPF may impair early neurogenesis in neural stem cells (NSCs). To model neurodevelopment in vitro, we used human NSCs derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with a focus on the initial differentiation mechanisms. Over the six days of NSC differentiation, the BChE activity and mRNA expression significantly increased, while the AChE activity and expression remained unchanged. The CPF treatment (10 μM) caused 82% and 92% inhibition of AChE and BChE, respectively. The CPF exposure had no effect on the cell viability or the expression of the differentiation markers HES5, DCX, or MAP2. However, the shRNA-knockdown of the BChE expression resulted in the decreased or delayed expression of the transcription factors HES5 and HES3. BChE may have a role in the differentiation of NSCs independent of, or in addition to, its enzymatic activity.
Cardiotoxicity of Uremic Toxins: A Driver of Cardiorenal Syndrome
Authors: Lekawanvijit Suree
Published: September 2018

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is highly prevalent in the setting of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Such coexistence of CVD and CKD—the so-called “cardiorenal or renocardiac syndrome”—contributes to exponentially increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) mortality. Uremic cardiomyopathy is a characteristic cardiac pathology commonly found in CKD. CKD patients are also predisposed to heart rhythm disorders especially atrial fibrillation. Traditional CV risk factors as well as known CKD-associated CV risk factors such as anemia are insufficient to explain CV complications in the CKD population. Accumulation of uremic retention solutes is a hallmark of impaired renal excretory function. Many of them have been considered inert solutes until their biological toxicity is unraveled and they become accepted as “uremic toxins”. Direct cardiotoxicity of uremic toxins has been increasingly demonstrated in recent years. This review offers a mechanistic insight into the pathological cardiac remodeling and dysfunction contributed by uremic toxins with a main focus on fibroblastic growth factor-23, an emerging toxin playing a central role in the chronic kidney disease–mineral bone disorder, and the two most investigated non-dialyzable protein-bound uremic toxins, indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate. Potential therapeutic strategies that could address these toxins and their relevant mediated pathways since pre-dialysis stages are also discussed.
Interaction of 2′R-ochratoxin A with Serum Albumins: Binding Site, Effects of Site Markers, Thermodynamics, Species Differences of Albumin-binding, and Influence of Albumin on Its Toxicity in MDCK Cells
Authors: Faisal Zelma , Derdák Diána , Lemli Beáta , Kunsági-Máté Sándor , Bálint Mónika , Hetényi Csaba , Csepregi Rita , Kőszegi Tamás , Sueck Franziska , Cramer Benedikt , Humpf Hans-Ulrich , Poór Miklós
Published: September 2018

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a nephrotoxic mycotoxin. Roasting of OTA-contaminated coffee results in the formation of 2′R-ochratoxin A (2′R-OTA), which appears in the blood of coffee drinkers. Human serum albumin (HSA) binds 2′R-OTA (and OTA) with high affinity; therefore, albumin may influence the tissue uptake and elimination of ochratoxins. We aimed to investigate the binding site of 2′R-OTA (verses OTA) in HSA and the displacing effects of site markers to explore which molecules can interfere with its albumin-binding. Affinity of 2′R-OTA toward albumins from various species (human, bovine, porcine and rat) was tested to evaluate the interspecies differences regarding 2′R-OTA-albumin interaction. Thermodynamic studies were performed to give a deeper insight into the molecular background of the complex formation. Besides fluorescence spectroscopic and modeling studies, effects of HSA, and fetal bovine serum on the cytotoxicity of 2′R-OTA and OTA were tested in MDCK kidney cell line in order to demonstrate the influence of albumin-binding on the cellular uptake of ochratoxins. Site markers displaced more effectively 2′R-OTA than OTA from HSA. Fluorescence and binding constants of 2′R-OTA-albumin and OTA-albumin complexes showed different tendencies. Albumin significantly decreased the cytotoxicity of ochratoxins. 2′R-OTA, even at sub-toxic concentrations, increased the toxic action of OTA.
Revision of the Polynema dikobraz species-group with description of a remarkable new species from South Africa (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Mymaridae)
Authors: van Noort Simon , Triapitsyn Serguei V.
Published: September 2018

A new Afrotropical species of Polynema Haliday, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), Polynema (Polynema) sagittaria van Noort & Triapitsyn, sp. n., is described and illustrated based on specimens collected in the Cape Floral region in south-western South Africa. This species is morphologically closely related to the recently described Polynema (Polynema) dikobraz Triapitsyn, 2017 from Madagascar, both species possessing enlarged spine-like microtrichia on the fore wing disc that are unique among all the known world fairyflies. This new species belongs to the informal dikobraz species-group of the nominate subgenus of Polynema, which previously was only known from Madagascar. In addition, P. sagittaria has the ovipositor extending ventrally under the mesosoma to well in front of the head, in a bow-like curve, and housed in a narrow, anterior elongation of the metasoma, the basal sac. Occurrence and possible significance of such a bizarre ovipositor in other Mymaridae is discussed. All images and online keys are available on www.waspweb.org
Biology of Eumacronychia Townsend, with a redescription of E. persolla Reinhard, 1965 (Diptera, Sarcophagidae)
Authors: Xu Wen-tian , Zhang Dong , Pape Thomas
Published: September 2018

The biology of Eumacronychia Townsend is reviewed and Eumacronychiapersolla Reinhard, 1965 is redescribed. The male and female habitus as well as the male terminalia are documented with focus-stacked photographs, and features separating this species from all other species of Eumacronychia are discussed.
Evolución de la fase α en una serie de aleaciones Zn-Al-Cu de acuerdo a su tamaño y propiedades mecánicas generadas por el aumento de Cu y el proceso de envejecido
Authors: Villegas-Cárdenas José David , López-Hirata Víctor , Saucedo-Muñoz Maribel , Camarillo Villegas Alejandra , Morales Rodríguez Miguel
Published: September 2018

La fase α de la aleación ternaria Al-Cu-Zn en estado de equilibrio tiene una forma y tamaño especifico, que van de acuerdo a sus propiedades mecánicas, por lo tanto, es posible de acuerdo al área y perímetro de la fase α obtener la dureza de la aleación con un error que va de 2% mínimo al 9% máximo de acuerdo se acerque o se aleje del estado de equilibrio. Para esto se analizaron y caracterizaron siete muestras pertenecientes al sistema Al-Cu-Zn, las cuales tuvieron un incremento de forma gradual de Cu y Al. Cada una de estas muestras se sometió a diferentes tratamientos térmicos, con la finalidad de estar cerca y lejos del estado de equilibrio. Las muestras se caracterizaron por medio de DRX, MEB, MO y aparatos de medición de dureza, para poder observar los cambios de la fase en las muestras se desarrolló una simulación en 3-D con el programa Termo-Cal©, así como, para observar el punto eutéctico que se forma. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue observar el cambio metalográfico de este tipo de aleaciones y desarrollar una ecuación sencilla, que permita obtener las propiedades mecánicas por medio de una simple metalografía.
Abstención sexual durante la Cuaresma en Andalucía a lo largo del siglo XX y su impacto en la estacionalidad de los nacimientos
Authors: Lledó Josep , Simó-Noguera Carles X. , Pavía Jose M.
Published: September 2018

Durante siglos ha permanecido vigente en las poblaciones católicas un precepto religioso que prohibía las relaciones sexuales durante la Cuaresma. Esta interdicción repercutía en una disminución de concepciones y en un repunte tras dicho periodo, ambos difíciles de detectar porque, en poblaciones que no ejercían un control efectivo de la fecundidad, también se registraba un pico de concepciones durante la primavera. En la actualidad este precepto ha desaparecido como consecuencia de un proceso de erosión que no conocemos suficientemente. Con los datos anonimizados de todas las personas nacidas en Andalucía y supervivientes a 1 de enero de 2003 (n=8.397.206), este trabajo pretende determinar la importancia de esta interdicción y su desaparición a lo largo del siglo XX, coincidiendo con el descenso de la fecundidad y la desestacionalización de los nacimientos. Finalmente, también se analiza hasta qué punto esta transición hacia la modernidad es resultado de un proceso de difusión que ha ido desde municipalidades de gran tamaño poblacional a municipalidades pequeñas.
The “national – local” DIALECTIC in the Tunisian electoral laws or how to represent the “people” in post-Ben Ali Tunisia
Authors: Gobe Eric
Published: September 2018

By exploring the electoral techniques debated by Tunisian political actors, in order to define the conditions of a « good representation » of the « people », this article analyzes the social and political logics underlying the solutions proposed by representatives and rulers of post-Ben Ali Tunisia. Reciprocal relationships between local and national, or more precisely between marginalized regions and the political center, are one of the explanatory factors for the choice of electoral methods made by the rulers of post-Ben Ali Tunisia. The emergence of the « local » in the « national » is translated by the adoption of the first electoral law integrating the issue of the region and by the adoption of a largely decentralized state architecture. The new constitution paved the way for the organization of local collectives directed by elected councils for universal suffrage, and has encouraged actors of the post-Ben Ali political stage to cast a new regard on the effects of electoral methods on the operation of the local as well as national political scene.
Experiências de adolescentes com diabetes tipo 1 e intervenções educativas multiprofissionais para o cuidado / Experiences of adolescents with type-1 diabetes and multiprofessional educational interventions for care
Authors: Silva Amanda Newle Souza , Serafim Andréia Régia De Matos Rodrigues , Alcântara Caroline Magalhães de , Queiroz Maria Veraci Oliveira
Published: September 2018

O artigo teve como objetivo compreender experiências dos adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 e as intervenções educativas multiprofissionais para o cuidado. Pesquisa qualitativa realizada com 16 adolescentes e seis profissionais vinculados ao Centro Integrado de Diabetes e Hipertensão em Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. Realizada de março a outubro de 2016 utilizando entrevista semiestruturada cujas informações foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo originando as categorias: 1 Percepções de adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 acerca do cuidado. Os participantes relataram vivências do adoecimento e do tratamento, as dificuldades e a ressignificação da experiência possibilitando o autogerenciamento do cuidado. 2 Intervenções educativas como mediadoras do cuidado aos adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1. Os profissionais, discorrem, principalmente, o momento das consultas quando em suas intervenções, intentam colaborar na aceitação da doença, aprendizados e motivação para que o adolescente assuma o seu cuidado. As experiências dos adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 associadas ao contexto de intervenções educativas sob o olhar multiprofissional articulam realidades intersubjetivas que subsidiam a prática clínica.
Application of the UN-Habitat Integrated Sustainable Waste Management Methodology to Evaluate the Solid Waste Management System in the City of Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Muhammad Habeeb Sirajo , Salihi Ibrahim Umar
Published: September 2018

This report provides a review of municipal solid waste (MSW) management in Kano, Nigeria. It employs a number of performance indicators, which include: waste collection, controlled disposal, materials recovery and financial sustainability. Other indicators are: user inclusivity, provider inclusivity and institutional coherence. A material flow diagram indicates a large amount of waste going to the informal recovery and reuse sector. Comparisons with world cities show that Kano performs below the low-income category in terms of solid waste management (SWM). The biodegradable portion of the waste constitutes 68%, 62.5% of the total waste being generated by the household sector at a rate of 0.56 kg capita -1 day-1. The SWM system is under budgeted and with the rapid increase in population, an effective and efficient SWM system would be required.
Corrosion of Steel Reinforcements in Concretes of Non-Coastal Areas - Case Study: Kigali, Rwanda
Authors: Abaho G. , Pranesh M.R. , Kumaran G. Senthil
Published: September 2018

It is the function of concrete cover to protect reinforcement against corrosion from environmental attack. However, reinforced concrete structures in most cases suffer from corrosion of steel reinforcement and their service lives will be reduced. The steel in concrete is always prone to corrosion attack, and the reason being that concrete cover is porous in nature. Fluids and dissolved ions can impregnate through pore space or through cracks and come in contact with reinforcement. Preventive maintenance is the best corrosion control mitigation measure for reinforced concrete structures. This paper highlights the causes of corrosion in non-coastal areas like Kigali in Rwanda. Condition assessment of two reinforced concrete buildings in Kigali has been made based on structural survey. It was found that Crack width varies up to 2mm in column and beams. It is also suggested that to improve the life span of the columns and beams by retrofitting with advanced materials and the new structures are to be constructed with corrosion monitoring systems.
XII Congresso Nazionale SPR | 5-6 ottobre 2018, Palermo (Italy)
Authors: Editors The
Published: September 2018

Not available.
Gravimetrically-Prepared Carbon Dioxide Standards in Support of Atmospheric Research
Authors: Hall Bradley D. , Crotwell Andrew M. , Miller Benjamin R. , Schibig Michael , Elkins James W.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. We have explored a one-step method for gravimetric preparation of CO2-in-air standards in aluminum cylinders. We consider both adsorption to stainless steel surfaces used in the transfer of highly-pure CO2, and adsorption of CO2 to cylinder walls. We demonstrate that CO2-in-air standards can be prepared with relatively low uncertainty (~ 0.04 %, ~ 95 % Confidence Level) by introducing aliquots whose masses are know to high precision, and by using well-characterized cylinders. Five gravimetric standards, prepared over the nominal range 350 to 490 µmol mol−1 (parts per million, ppm), showed excellent internal consistency, with residuals from a linear fit equal to 0.05 ppm. This work compliments efforts to maintain the World Meteorological Organization, Global Atmosphere Watch, mole fraction scale for carbon dioxide, widely used for atmospheric monitoring. This gravimetric technique could be extended to other atmospheric trace gases, depending on the vapor pressure of the gas.
Consumption of atmospheric methane by the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau alpine steppe ecosystem
Authors: Yun Hanbo , Wu Qingbai , Zhuang Qianlai , Chen Anping , Yu Tong , Lyu Zhou , Yang Yuzhong , Jin Huijun , Liu Guojun , Qu Yang , Liu Licheng
Published: September 2018

Abstract. The methane (CH4) cycle on the Qinghai–Tibet
Plateau (QTP), the world's largest
high-elevation permafrost region, is sensitive to climate change and
subsequent freezing and thawing dynamics. Yet, its magnitudes, patterns, and
environmental controls are still poorly understood. Here, we report results
from five continuous year-round CH4 observations from a typical
alpine steppe ecosystem in the QTP permafrost region. Our results suggest
that the QTP permafrost region was a CH4 sink of -0.86±0.23 g CH4-C m−2 yr−1 over 2012–2016, a rate higher
than that of many other permafrost areas, such as the Arctic tundra in
northern Greenland, Alaska, and western Siberia. Soil temperature and soil
water content were dominant factors controlling CH4 fluxes; however,
their correlations changed with soil depths due to freezing and thawing
dynamics. This region was a net CH4 sink in autumn, but a net source
in spring, despite both seasons experiencing similar top soil thawing and
freezing dynamics. The opposite CH4 source–sink function in spring
versus in autumn was likely caused by the respective seasons' specialized
freezing and thawing processes, which modified the vertical distribution of
soil layers that are highly mixed in autumn, but not in spring. Furthermore,
the traditional definition of four seasons failed to capture the pattern of
the annual CH4 cycle. We developed a new seasonal division method
based on soil temperature, bacterial activity, and permafrost active layer
thickness, which significantly improved the modeling of the annual
CH4 cycle. Collectively, our findings highlight the critical role of
fine-scale climate freezing and thawing dynamics in driving permafrost
CH4 dynamics, which needs to be better monitored and modeled in Earth
system models.
Between art and application: Special issue on emoji epistemology
Authors: Abidin Crystal , Gn Joel
Published: September 2018

This special issue, curated by Joel Gn and Crystal Abidin, provides an investigation of the uses and impacts of emoji within the domains of culture, race, language, and art and commerce. Considering the broader socio-cultural implications of emoji and the various ways that emoji negotiate and mediate the tenuous boundary between art and application, the eight papers draw from disciplines including media studies and communications, sociology and digital anthropology, literary studies and art history, and philosophy, and are authored by (mostly) Early Career Researchers.
Probing Characteristics of Visuals in Mental Health Outreach An animation explaining the biogenic etiology of depression
Authors: Huttner Molly , Maizels Evelyn , Lebowicz Leah , Hughes Donna
Published: September 2018

This study sought to demonstrate keycharacteristics of successful mental health outreach(MHO) educational programs through an audio-visual tooladdressing biogenic etiology of depression.Methods Candidate characteristics were identied basedon review of MHO literature, evaluated through informalfeedback sessions and nalized following committee andcontent expert review. Conclusion Key characteristicsindicative of successful visuals in MHO includedemphasizing malleability of biology, familiar characters,and minimizing literacy barriers. Tools created for MHOshould include these key characteristics.
Interactive Surgical Depiction for the Electronic Medical Record
Authors: Lerner Julia
Published: September 2018

With the transition to electronic medical record (EMR) technology,traditional paper charts are seldom used and less accessible to clinicians. In the past, written documentation of operations were frequently supplemented by a sketch by the surgeon. This thesis explores the design of a digital interactive tool to enable surgeons to quickly and accurately document the patient’s post-procedural anatomy in an image. This tool is unique in that it presets a preexisting 3D model which the user may split, remove, and reconnect to represent changes to the patient’s gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Through an intuitive interface, the surgeon will manipulate a 3D model of normal GI anatomy to depict resections and reconnections of bowel at appropriate distances and configurations and include elements such as drains, measurements,and annotations. The surgeon can then save the image with the postoperative note to follow the patient. As a part of the EMR, the image is available for viewing by practitioners responsible for post-operative care and subsequent diagnoses and procedures, contributing to overall patient safety.
Developing an Interactive 3D Learning Experience to Help Students Understand Key Regulatory Processes Associated with Glycolysis
Authors: Mason Jacqueline , Brennan Kevin , Bond Samantha , Lebowicz Leah
Published: September 2018

Recent recommendations for undergraduate biologyinstruction emphasize teaching foundational biologicalprinciples and helping students transfer these principles tomore complex biological phenomena. These curricularendeavors can be facilitated by the incorporation ofinteractive visualization materials. The following researchproject was developed to explore whether a visualinteractive didactic tool could be developed to improvelearning outcomes for undergraduate biology students onthe topic of allosteric regulation within the context ofglycolysis. The results of this research could be beneficialfor improving the development of interactive applicationsfor science education.
Individual, Social and Psychological Characteristics of Smoking Cessation Behaviors: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kristina Susi Ari , Trung Vo Quang , Permitasari Ni Putu Ayu Linda , Dwinta Eliza , Rahman Faisal
Published: September 2018

About two thirds of active smokers want to quit smoking, yet not many people finally succeed in smoking cessation. Smoking cessation involve complex behaviors associated with individual, social and psychological characteristics as the key factors. Our objective is to review the studies about smoking cessation behavior correlated issues in order to find effective interventions of smoking cessation program. Terms and keywords pertinent to individual, social and psychological characteristics of smoking cessation behavior were used in a search of the electronic databases. Searches were limited to English language, included papers were: a) had clearly report the predictor variables related to smoking cessation behaviors, b) exclusively represent nation/s of study population, c) the time frame for the analysis was limited from 1998 to 2018. A result of 116 individual studies were retrieved at first and reviewed. After further inspection of references from the collected studies, 9 studies were approximately selected that met all inclusion criteria. The final studies consisted of five cross-sectional study and four cohort studies, conducted from different countries. There were several characteristics related to smoking cessation behavior including on levels of nicotine dependence, self-efficacy, smoking restriction and involve other smokers environment, motivation and educational background. Adjusted interventions due to those specific behaviors are needed in order to make more effective smoking cessation programs. Therefore, this study may provide new perspective for encouraged to decrease the amount of smokers worldwide through smoking cessation program.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 10, No. 9
Authors: Grey Erica
Published: September 2018

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 10, No. 9, 2018.
Pode-se aprender Openmusic em três dias?
Authors:   IRCAM-Sorbonne, Malt Mikhail ,   USP
Published: September 2018

Como organizar o ensino da composição assistida pelo computador? Iremos expor algumas sugestões e questões provenientes da nossa experiência na área da pedagogia de meios informáticos destinados a jovens compositores. Depois de ter exposto o contexto do ensino e do público-alvo, faremos uma distinção entre “informática musical”1 e “música informática”. serão analisados os diversos pontos que nos parecem importantes a serem ensinados/ou aprendidos. Entre eles, serão discutidos: os fundamentos, as ferramentas, a formalização, as ferramentas de formalização e de cálculo, a relação entre estruturas formais e a sonificação, a história das técnicas de EAC (escrita assistida por computador) e a integração com a prática. Essa reflexão, ainda que focada sobre a EAC, procura ser a mais abrangente possível e aplicável a outras disciplinas musicais, usando tecnologias digitais ou outras.
Jornada sobre el Suministro Inmediato de Información
Authors: Delgado García Ana Maria
Published: September 2018

El 20 de noviembre de 2017, los Estudios de Derecho y Ciencia Política de la UOC, en el marco del máster universitario de Fiscalidad, han organizado la IX Jornada sobre problemas actuales de fiscalidad. En esta ocasión, la jornada se ha dedicado al Suministro Inmediato de Información (http://symposium.uoc.edu/go/sii-2017). La dirección de la misma estuvo a cargo de la Dra. Ana María Delgado García, Catedrática de Derecho Financiero y Tributario de la Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, y del Dr. Rafael Oliver Cuello, asesor fiscal y consultor de Fiscalidad de la Universitat Oberta de Catalunya.
Possibilities for utilization of dietary fiber-rich supplement from pepper (Capsicum annum L.) processing waste in bakery products
Authors: Mastilović Jasna , Kevrešan Žarko , Vukić Milan , Ivanović Marko , Radovanović Jelena , Džinić Dženita
Published: September 2018

By the application of processes of stabilization through drying,separation of seed and grinding of remaining placenta dietaryfiber-rich powdered product was obtained from pepper (Capsicumannum L.) processing waste. Effects of dosing of pepper placentabasedsupplement (1, 2 and 3%) on farinograph, extensographand amylograph parameters, as well as test baking, wereconducted in this study.Addition of pepper placenta-based supplement resulted in anincrease of farinograph water absorption in obtaining of darkerand more intensively colored bread crust and in smaller and moreevenly distributed pores of breadcrumb. It also inhibited thefirming of breadcrumb during bread shelf life. The main negativeeffects of the application of placenta-based supplement were theincrease of dough resistance and the decrease of breadcrumbcohesiveness.
In vivo detection of optically-evoked opioid peptide release
Authors: Al-Hasani Ream , Wong Jenny-Marie T , Mabrouk Omar S , McCall Jordan G , Schmitz Gavin P , Porter-Stransky Kirsten A , Aragona Brandon J , Kennedy Robert T , Bruchas Michael R
Published: September 2018

Though the last decade has seen accelerated advances in techniques and technologies to perturb neuronal circuitry in the brain, we are still poorly equipped to adequately dissect endogenous peptide release in vivo. To this end we developed a system that combines in vivo optogenetics with microdialysis and a highly sensitive mass spectrometry-based assay to measure opioid peptide release in freely moving rodents.
Adaptation after vastus lateralis denervation in rats demonstrates neural regulation of joint stresses and strains
Authors: Alessandro Cristiano , Rellinger Benjamin A , Barroso Filipe Oliveira , Tresch Matthew C
Published: September 2018

In order to produce movements, muscles must act through joints. The translation from muscle force to limb movement is mediated by internal joint structures that permit movement in some directions but constrain it in others. Although muscle forces acting against constrained directions will not affect limb movements, such forces can cause excess stresses and strains in joint structures, leading to pain or injury. In this study, we hypothesized that the central nervous system (CNS) chooses muscle activations to avoid excessive joint stresses and strains. We evaluated this hypothesis by examining adaptation strategies after selective paralysis of a muscle acting at the rat’s knee. We show that the CNS compromises between restoration of task performance and regulation of joint stresses and strains. These results have significant implications to our understanding of the neural control of movements, suggesting that common theories emphasizing task performance are insufficient to explain muscle activations during behaviors.
Phonological Derivations of Synchronic Metathesis in Modern Persian
Authors: Salem Alqahtani Mufleh
Published: September 2018

This study discusses phonological derivations in Modern Persian which result from synchronic metathesis in light of Optimality Theory (OT). Synchronic metathesis to follow the Sonority Sequencing Principle (SSP) is operated by two phonological rules; metathesis of word-final cluster and Sonority-Driven epenthesis. In this context, the first rule blocks the environment for the second. This phonological derivation is known as bleeding which is also a type of phonological derivation of synchronic metathesis that is motivated by the Syllable Contact Law. The first rule, as the metathesis of heterosyllabic consonants, blocks the environment for the second, as in contact anaptyxis. OT Parallelism is capable of accounting for this bleeding as a transparent rule interaction yielded by synchronic metathesis, which is motivated by the Syllable Contact Law as well as the SSP since reference to the intermediate steps between input and output is not necessary. To that end OT Parallelism is capable of accounting for transparency in the bleeding order.
Metaheuristic-Based Machine Learning System for Prediction of Compressive Strength based on Concrete Mixture Properties and Early-Age Strength Test Results
Authors: Prayogo Doddy
Published: September 2018

Estimating the accurate concrete strength has become a critical issue in civil engi­neer­ing. The 28-day concrete cylinder test results depict the concrete's characteristic strength which was prepared and cast as part of the concrete work on the project. Waiting 28 days is important to guarantee the quality control of the procedure, even though it is a slow process. This research develops an advanced machine learning method to forecast the concrete compressive strength using the concrete mix proportion and early-age strength test results. Thirty-eight historical cases in total were used to create the intelligence prediction method. The results obtained indicate the effectiveness of the advanced hybrid machine learning strategy in forecasting the strength of the concrete with a comparatively high degree of accuracy calculated using 4 error indicators. As a result, the suggested study can provide a great advantage for construction project managers in decision-making procedures that depend on early strength results of the tests.
Evaluation of a Reinforced Concrete Wall Macroscopic Model for Coupled Nonlinear Shear-Flexure Interaction Response
Authors: Purnomo Joko , Chandra Jimmy
Published: September 2018

Reinforced concrete shear wall (RC wall) is an important element in tall buildings, which provides strength and stiffness against lateral loadings, e.g. earthquake and wind. Numerous researches have been conducted to study its nonlinear behavior via microscopic and macroscopic model. The later approach is currently being widely explored since it has many advantages compared to the preceding models. A well-known macroscopic model, namely Shear-Flexure-Interaction Multiple-Vertical-Line-Elements-Model (SFI-MVLEM) in the open source platform Open Sees, is capable of simulating the coupled nonlinear shear-flexure interaction response in the RC wall. This paper presents an evaluation to the applicability of SFI-MVLEM model to predict the coupled nonlinear shear-flexure behavior of RC wall specimens compared to experimental results in available literature. The analysis results show that the model is able to predict the behavior of RC wall considerably accurate in terms of hysteretic curves, cracking patterns, and contributions of shear and flexural displacement to total displacement.
APPLICATION OF VISIBILITY ANALYSIS AND VISUALISATION IN HOSPITAL WAYFINDING SIGN DESIGN
Authors: Johanes Mikhael , Yatmo Yandi Andri
Published: September 2018

This study aims to show the application of visibility analysis in hospital outpatient areas to improve wayfinding performance. Visibility is regarded as an essential aspect in wayfinding sign design and affected by the spatial configuration of the environment where the signs are located. The complexity of hospital environment prevents the designers to predict its visibility properties and also creates difficulties in determining the requirement for the sign system such as the location, direction, and size of signs. Based on isovist, visibility graph and visual catchment area (VCA) concept introduced from the past studies, we developed analytical and visualisation tools to aid the wayfinding design processes. The results suggest that the use of visibility analysis in wayfinding sign design can provide valuable insight into the preliminary analysis before the design process, as well as enable design optimisation in the development stages.
Event Study on the Crash of Airasia Plane: A Study on Travel and Leisure Companies Listed at Malaysian Stock Market
Authors: Ary Gumanti Tatang Ary Gumanti , Savitri Enni , Wahidatun Nisa Nurul , Sri Utami Elok
Published: September 2018

This study analyzes the Malaysian stock market reaction in the event of the crash of AirAsia plane on 28 December 2014. The analysis is focused on the travel and leisure industry as the crash would affect more on this type of industry. A total of 15 companies met the selection criteria. The study uses the event study standard procedures in testing the proposed hypotheses. Results show that abnormal returns after the crash tend to decrease, yet no significant abnormal returns were found in the period before and after the event. Median abnormal return after the event is significantly higher than before the event at the traditional level. Another finding shows that there is no significant difference in trading volume activity between before and after the event.
Integrated Microfluidic Chip for Efficient Isolation and Deformability Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells
Authors: Liu Zongbin , Chen Rui , Li Ying , Liu Jianqiao , Wang Ping , Xia Xuefeng , Qin Lidong
Published: September 2018

Efficient isolation and downstream analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) beyond counting is challenging. Here, an integrated microfluidic chip for efficient isolation and deformability analysis of CTCs is reported. The microfluidic chip integrates two modules: one module is two mirrored deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) arrays for the depletion of blood cells; the other module is another DLD array with an increasing tilt angle for CTCs separation based on size and deformability. The chip allows continuous isolation of CTCs with >90% capture yield and >50% capture purity at a throughput of 12 mL h−1. Results show that the captured cancer cells maintain good viability. Downstream deformability analysis validates that invasive MDA‐MB‐231 cells are more flexible than noninvasive MCF‐7 cells. The deformability of CTCs isolated from cancer patient samples is highly heterogeneous. The implementation of cell deformability analysis integrated with microfluidics extends the laboratory capability beyond simple counting of CTCs.
Recent Progress on High‐Capacitance Polymer Gate Dielectrics for Flexible Low‐Voltage Transistors
Authors: Nketia‐Yawson Benjamin , Noh Yong‐Young
Published: September 2018

The gate dielectric layer is an essential element of field‐effect transistors (FETs), large area integrated circuits, and various application electronics. Beyond basic insulation between the semiconductor layer and gate electrode, FET performance largely depends on the capacitance of the chosen insulator layer properties. Recent functional devices developments require new functionalities, such as high mechanical flexibility and stretchability in addition to basic insulating and physical properties. This review focuses on recent developments of high‐capacitance polymer gate dielectric materials and their application for low‐voltage flexible FETs. The fundamental principles and components of transistors are discussed briefly, then the underlying concepts for gate dielectrics and the mechanisms for polymer dielectric properties, such as capacitance control, leakage current formation in dielectric polymer films, and patternability, are described. Strategic approaches to achieve high capacitance based on low‐k dielectric materials, and the development and use of high‐capacitance polymers and hybrid polymer gate dielectrics in the context of emerging transistors on flexible substrates are also discussed.
Black Phosphorus/Platinum Heterostructure: A Highly Efficient Photocatalyst for Solar‐Driven Chemical Reactions
Authors: Bai Licheng , Wang Xin , Tang Shaobin , Kang Yihong , Wang Jiahong , Yu Ying , Zhou Zhang‐Kai , Ma Chao , Zhang Xue , Jiang Jun , Chu Paul K. , Yu Xue‐Feng
Published: September 2018

A 2D black phosphorus/platinum heterostructure (Pt/BP) is developed as a highly efficient photocatalyst for solar‐driven chemical reactions. The heterostructure, synthesized by depositing BP nanosheets with ultrasmall (≈1.1 nm) Pt nanoparticles, shows strong Pt–P interactions and excellent stability. The Pt/BP heterostructure exhibits obvious P‐type semiconducting characteristics and efficient absorption of solar energy extending into the infrared region. Furthermore, during light illumination, accelerated charge separation is observed from Pt/BP as manifested by the ultrafast electron migration (0.11 ps) detected by a femtosecond pump‐probe microscopic optical system as well as efficient electron accumulation on Pt revealed by in situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. These unique properties result in remarkable performance of Pt/BP in typical hydrogenation and oxidation reactions under simulated solar light illumination, and its efficiency is much higher than that of other common Pt catalysts and even much superior to that of conventional thermal catalysis. The 2D Pt/BP heterostructure has enormous potential in photochemical reactions involving solar light and the results of this study provide insights into the design of next‐generation high‐efficiency photocatalysts.