bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Covid-19 Pandemisi Sürecinde Okul Müdürlerinin Yeterliklerine İlişkin Öğretmen Görüşlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: METİN Özge , HELVACI Mehmet Akif
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı; Uşak ili Millî Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı ilkokul ve ortaokullarda görevli öğretmenlerin, okul müdürlerinin Covid-19 pandemisi sürecindeki yeterliklerine ilişkin görüşlerinin değerlendirmesini ortaya koymaktır. Bununla birlikte; Covid-19 pandemisi sürecinde okul müdürlerinin yeterliklerinin değerlendirilmesinin öğretmenlerin cinsiyet, branş, kıdem, öğrenim durumu, çalıştığı okul türü, bulunduğu kurumdaki çalışma süresi ve çalıştığı öğretim kademesi değişkenlerine göre anlamlı farklılık gösterip göstermediği araştırılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi; kolay ulaşılabilir örneklem modeliyle seçilen Uşak ilinde devlet ve özel okullarda görevli 403 öğretmenden oluşmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan ‘’Covid-19 pandemisi sürecinde okul müdürlerinin yeterlikleri anketi’’ kullanılmıştır. Anketler okullardaki öğretmenlere çevrimiçi olarak uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler SPSS 22.0 istatistik programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre; öğretmenlerin görüşleri doğrultusunda okul müdürlerinin Covid-19 pandemisi sürecindeki yeterlikleri insancıl yeterlik, teknik yeterlik ve kavramsal yeterlik boyutları açısından ‘’orta’’ düzeyde yeterli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Okul müdürlerinin Covid-19 pandemisi sürecindeki yeterliklerinin öğretmenlerce değerlendirilmesinde; öğretmenlerin cinsiyet, branş, kıdem, öğrenim durumu, çalıştığı okul türü, kurumundaki çalışma süresi değişkenlerine göre anlamlı farklılıkların bulunduğu ancak; çalıştıkları öğretim kademesine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmadığı sonuçları ortaya çıkmıştır.
Uji Kinerja Tungku Biomassa Pot Tunggal yang Terbuat dari Tanah Liat
Authors: Faisal F
Published: December 2023

Rumah tangga merupakan salah satu sektor yang banyak menggunakan energi di antaranya untuk memasak. Penggunaan biomassa untuk memasak masih banyak digunakan saat ini terutama di pedesaan. Berbagai model rancangan tungku biomassa saat ini terdapat di pasaran. Studi terhadap tungku biomassa tradisional yang banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat perlu dilakukan untuk melihat bagaimana kinerjanya. Hal ini akan bermanfaat untuk masyarakat dalam memilih jenis tungku biomassa yang akan digunakan dan juga sebagai data awal bagi perancangan dan pengembangan tungku biomassa yang lebih moderen. Pengujian secara eksperimental telah dilakukan terhadap suatu tungku biomassa pot tunggal yang terbuat dari tanah liat. Metode uji didih air merupakan metode standar yang digunakan. Pengujian yang dilakukan terdiri atas tiga kondisi operasi yaitu cold start, hot start dan simmer. Kinerja tungku dapat dilihat berdasarkan variabel waktu pendidihan, laju pembakaran, efisiensi termal, konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik, daya api dan turn down ratio. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja tunggku terbaik terjadi pada kondisi operasi hot start dengan efisiensi 13 %
Perancangan Sistem Suspensi untuk Simulasi Respon Dinamik ¼ Bodi Mobil
Authors: Buchari B , Yusuf Ilyas , Mawardi M
Published: December 2023

Gaya dan momen yang terjadi pada permukaan kontak ban dengan jalan berhubungan erat dengan tingkat kenyaman dan keamanan berkendaraan. Karakteristik dari gaya dan momen ini sangatlah dinamik karena dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor. Beberapa faktor utamanya adalah beban kenderaan, kecepatan, besarnya steering angle dan elastisitas ban. Posisi permukaan kontak ban dengan jalan yang selalu berpindah pada saat kenderaan berjalan menyebabkan sulit untuk bisa mengamati respon dinamik ban serta sulit untuk mengukur gaya dan momen yang terjadi. Penelitian ini menitikberatkan pada perancangan model kontruksi sistem suspensi yang bisa mensimulasikan gerak dinamis dari ¼ bodi mobil untuk posisi bagian kanan depan. Kontruksi yang dirancang pada dasarnya terdiri dari dua bagian yaitu kontuksi bagian samping dan kontruksi bagian bawah. Kontruksi bagian samping merupakan representasi dari kontruksi bodi mobil yang mana bagian ini bisa bergerak translasi dalam arah vertical untuk mensimulasikan perubahan posisi bodi mobil akibat perubahan berat, maneuver maupun akibat gangguan permukaan jalan. Kontruksi bagian bawah berfungsi sebagai penggerak untuk memutar ban. Kontruksi bagian bawah ini dirancang untuk bisa berputar dalam posisi statis. Komponen yang berputar pada kontruksi bagian bawah ini akan meneruskan putaran ke ban sehingga roda mobil akan ikut berputar dalam posisi statis juga. Untuk memastikan semua komponen yang digunakan aman, maka dilakukan perhitungan dimensi dan perhitungan keuatan material yang digunakan pada kontruksi ini. Disamping perhitungan manual, perhitungan kekuatan material dan simulasi juga dilakukan dengan menggunakan software CATIA. Bahan untuk rangka kontruksi dipilih baja profil ST-37 dengan young modulus 200 GPa, yield strenght 240 Mpa dan memiliki dimensi 50 x 50 x 5mm. Hasil simulasi dengan software CATIA terlihat bahwa besarnya tegangan maksimum yang bekerja pada rangka adalah 10.9 N/mm2. Nilai ini lebih kecil dari tegangan geser izin 37N/mm2, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa material ST 37 berbentuk siku dengan dimensi 50x50x5mm aman digunakan untuk kontruksi alat simulasi sistem suspensi ini
Analisis Produktivitas Perawatan Mesin dengan Metode TPM (Total Productive Maintenance) Pada Mesin Mixing Section
Authors: Iswardi I , Sayuti M
Published: December 2023

Perkembangan teknologi yang digunakan pada sebuah perusahaan semakin maju dan komplek sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman, dengan demikian produktivitas perawatan harus selalu diperhatikan untuk kelancaran proses produksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis produktivitas perawatan mixing section pada PT. X dengan menggunakan metode Total Productive Maintenance. PT. X adalah salah satu perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang pembuatan pakan ternak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa availability rate kelima mesin masih berada dibawah standar JIPM (Japan Institute of Plant Maintenance) 90%, performance rate kelima mesin berada dibawah standar JIPM 95% dan rate of quality kelima mesin juga berada dibawah standar JIMP 99% dan untuk overall equipment effectiveness juga masih berada dibawah JIPM yaitu 85%. Untuk itu perawatan mesin perlu ditingkatkan untuk kelancaran produksi. Tindakan perbaikan yang diusulkan adalah menyiapkan perlengkapan autonomous maintenance, memberikan training bagi operator dan teknisi maintenance serta melakukan pengawasan terhadap operator tentang kebersihan tempat kerja.
ANALISA KEKUATAN SAMBUNGAN MATERIAL AISI-1045 DENGAN SS-304 MENGGUNAKAN LAS SMAW
Authors: Aljufri Aljufri , Dabet Abubakar , Rahman Abdul , Zulfahmi Zulfahmi
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kekuatan daerah  lasan   yang proses pengelasannya menggunakan dua jenis material yang berbeda,   juga menggunakan  kuat arus dan variasi kampuh yang berbeda. Tujuan penelitiaan ini untuk menganalisa dan mengetahui perbandingan kuat arus pada hasil pengelasan SMAW terhadap material baja AISI 1045 dengan  SS-304, menggunakan variasi kuat arus pengelasan 80 A, 90 A 100 A menggunakan elektroda E 309-16. serta mengetahui sifat mekanik  spesimen las menggunakan ASTM - E8. Dari pengujian yang dilakukan didapatkan hasil dimana pada spesimen hasil pengujian tarik terutama  daerah patahan atau putusnya spesimen tidak terjadi pada daerah lasan tapi putus nya pada daerah logam induk sekitar 20 mm dari daerah HAZ. begitu juga dengan spesimen lainya, ini juga menunjukan perihal tentang penggunaan jenis kampuh serta kuat arus yang divariasikan sehingga nilai regangannya atau perpanjangannya sangat berpengaruh terhadap kedua jenis logam yang digunakan pada penelitian ini. sehingga sambungan las yang dihasilkan cukup baik dan memiliki kekuatan yang tangguh, ini dibuktikan dengan hasil pengujian yang dihasilkan pada spesimen yang putus bukan pada daerah sambungan las melainkan pada logam induk
Analisa Alat Pengering Tipe Bak Untuk Pengeringan Biji Kakao Berbahan Bakar Kayu Gamal Dengan Variasi Laju Bahan Bakar
Authors: Alchalil A. , Irwansyah I. , Satria M.
Published: December 2023

Pengeringan metode penjemuran biji kakao mempunyai banyak kelemahan seperti tergantung pada cuaca sehingga pengeringan memerlukan waktu yang cukup lama, dan biji kakao kurang dijamin kebersihannya. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut digunakan alat pengering tipe bak, dari pemanfaatan panas dari energi biomassa dari kayu Gamal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh variasi pengumpaman bahan bakar pada pengering mekanis tipe bak selama pengeringan biji kakao. Hasil pengujian pengumpaman kayu bakar 0.75 kg/jam pada tungku untuk mengeringkan biji kakao menghasilkan suhu diruang pengering 53.26 °C dan menurunkan kadar air dari 51.18 %bb sampai 7 %bb biji lamanya pengeringan selama 15 jam. Sementara itu, input pengumpaman kayu bakar 0.5 kg/jam pada tungku udara panas tersalurkan  diruang  pengering 50.99 °C, dan kadar air diturunkan dari 50.34 %bb hingga 7,5 %bb dengan lamanya pengeringan selama 16 jam. Secara keseluruhan laju pengeringan dari tiap pengujian menunjukkan 2.67 %bb/jam dan 2.94 %bb/jam. Konsumsi energi spesifik pada perlakukan laju bahan bakar 0.5 kg/jam dan 0.75 kg/jam masing adalah sebesar 33197.65 kj/kgair yang diuapkan dan 48647.13 kj/kgair yang diuapkan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa, pengaruh kinerja terhadap pemberian variasi bahan bakar selama pengeringan biji kakao bahwa,  kinerja yang diperoleh alat pengering tipe bak terbaik pada laju bahan bakar 0.75 kg/jam dari pada laju bahan 0.5 kg/jam. Dampak pengumpaman bahan bakar yang terkendali menunjukkan penggunaan energi lebih efektif dan waktu pengeringan yang cepat.
ANALISA RESISTIVITAS TANAH TERHADAP PREDIKSI KOROSI PADA PIPA DISTRIBUSI AIR BERSIH DI KAMPUS UNIMAL BUKIT INDAH
Authors: Putra Reza , Muhammad Muhammad , Rahman Abdul , Hafli Teuku , Islami Nurul
Published: December 2023

This study aims to predict corrosion in water distribution pipes at the Bukit Indah Unimal campus. Corrosion is the damage to chemical elements in a metal that changes the original properties of the metal. There are four kinds of processes for corrosion, namely, one anode loses electrons, two cathodes accept electrons, three liquids and four metals connect the cathode and anode. The geoelectric resistivity method is used to determine the soil resistance properties of the subsurface layer. The wenner 4 pin method is a geoelectric data retrieval that is often used with the same pin spacing arrangement. Res2Dinv is software that is on a computer to generate 2-dimensional images from the resistivity data obtained and determine the layer below the surface. From the inverse results, the smallest error value can be obtained when iterating up to 4 times, namely Java Road 45.3%, Sulawesi Road 49.6%, Kalimantan Road 30.6%, Sumatra II Road 46.1%, Main Gate 41.1% Sumatra I 23.4%. Based on the data, the measurable results below the surface range from 0.05 m to 5 m.
Karakteristik Sifat Mekanik Hasil Pengelasan Gesek Aluminium dengan Tembaga Menggunakan Variasi Kecepatan Putar dan Kekasaran Permukaan Kontak
Authors: Saefuloh Iman - , Setiawan Ipick , Sunardi S , Lusiani Rina , Suryana S
Published: December 2023

Friction welding is a type of welding that is used for a variety of materials. Friction welding is a method of joining two materials by swiping them together until they reach some of the melting points of the materials to be joined, then applying constant pressure. Aluminum and copper are the materials to be joined in this study. Using rotational speed and contact surface roughness variations. The purpose of this research is to determine the mechanical properties of friction welding results between aluminum and copper. The speed settings are 1230, 1500, and 2500 rpm. Use sandpaper grades #100, #800, and #1500 to achieve different levels of surface roughness. According to the results of this study, the rotational speed with the highest tensile strength and hardness values is 1230 rpm, namely 59.6 MPa and 54.6 HVN (Al), 112.1 HVN (Al) (Cu). In terms of surface roughness variations, the surface roughness using grade #1500 sandpaper has the highest value, namely 54.18 HVN (Al), 112.1 HVN (Cu). And #100 sandpaper with a value of 52.48 Mpa. The results of the microstructure test in the weld joint area at a magnification of 1000x indicated that the friction welding of aluminum and copper was successful, as evidenced by the diffusion of aluminum and copper in this area.
Sifat Mekanis Beton Beragregat Kasar Peluru Plastik
Authors: Alkhaly Yulius Rief
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this research is to investigate the feasibility of using bullet plastic as coarse aggregate or as a substitute for air bubbles in the production of lightweight concrete. The mechanical properties of plastic bullet-aggregated concrete substituted with 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the gravel volume were evaluated experimentally. The mechanical properties tested were compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength. The test results show the mixture of 75% and 100% plastic bullets yields an acceptable density value as a lightweight concrete, with compressive strengths of 15.56 MPa and 14.94 MPa. These findings suggest that using plastic bullets as coarse aggregate or as a replacement for air bubbles is feasible regarded to American Concree Institute (ACI).
Rancang Bangun Mesin Pemisah Limbah Geram Aluminium Hasil Proses Permesinan
Authors: Wahyudi Agung , Yusuf Muhammad
Published: December 2023

ujuan penelitian ini untuk menghasilkan suatu geram jenis aluminium yang bersih dari logam ferrous dengan menggunakan mesin pemisah limbah geram aluminium, hasil pemisahan nantinya akan digunakan sebagai bahan penelitian pada pengecoran logam. Pengujian : meliputi pengamatan langsung terhadap proses pemisahan geram dengan menggunakan belt conveyor yang memiliki sekat, merancang komponen – komponen mesin seperti rangka, belt conveyor, roller conveyor, dan poros magnetik. Parameter pengujian hasil pemisahan geram memakan waktu selama 4 menit 51 detik dengan dua kali proses pemisahan, tujuan nya agar proses pemisahan geram yang berbentuk spiral akan sepenuhnya terpisah, hal itu dilakukan karena mesin pemisah limbah geram ini hanya memisahkan geram yang berbentuk spiral, oleh karena itu dibutuhkan suatu alat untuk menyempurnakannya. Disini terlihat bahwa pengaruh penyekat terhadap proses pemisahan geram sangatlah penting, karena penyekatlah yang mendorong geram berbahan ferrous yang melekat pada poros magnetik jatuh ke arah penampungan bahan ferrous, jika penyekat tidak ada maka geram yang melekat pada poros magnetik tidak akan bisa terlepas. Kecepatan motor penggerak tidak boleh terlalu kencang karena akan mengakibatkan geram akan terpental dan berhamburan. Motor yang digunakan memiliki kecepatan 24 rpm dan torsi 1,55 Nm
Pengaruh Fraksi Volume Serat Terhadap Kekuatan Tarik Komposit Serat Daun Nanas dan Sabut Kelapa dengan Polyester Bening 108
Authors: Muhammad M , Putra Reza , Hafli T , Islami Nurul , Malik Abdul
Published: December 2023

The goal of this study is to determine the effect of the matrix-to-filler ratio on the characteristic value of composites made from pineapple leaf fiber and coco fiber using clear polyester resin 108 as a matrix. The composite printing process involves combining 70% resin and 5% pineapple fiber: 15% pineapple fiber, 25% coconut fiber: 15% coconut fiber, 25% pineapple fiber, and 5% coconut fiber with 1% catalyst. The Hand-Lay Up method is used to create composites. Tensile strength testing mechanical properties are based on standards (ASTM D-3039). The tensile strength of 25% pineapple leaf fiber is the highest in this percentage variation: 5% coconut fiber with an average value of 44.88 MPa, 3.37% tensile strain, while pineapple leaf fiber 5% has the lowest tensile strength value: 25% coconut fiber with a 25.26 MPa average and a 2.54% tensile strain. According to the findings, the composite of 25% pineapple leaf fiber: 5% coconut fiber immersed in NaOH is suitable for use as an alternative tensile material.
ANALISA PENGARUH HOLDING TIME DAN TEMPERATUR PADA PACK CARBURIZING MENGGUNAKAN LIMBAH KULIT SINGKONG TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK DAN MEKANIK BAJA 1020
Authors: Fikri Ali , Muhammad Muhammad , Rahman Abdul , Putra Reza , Habibi Muhammad
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study to determine the effect holding time on increasing the surface hardness of AISI 1020 steel material and analyzing the physical and mechanical properties of the results pack carburizing cassava peel waste on AISI 1020 steel. Process pack carburizing in this study have variations temperature 875oC and 900oC withholding time 60 minutes, 80 minutes, 100 minutes and 120 minutes. The catalyst used in this study was a carbonate compound, namely 20% BaCo3 to accelerate the reaction of adding carbon. The research results show that pack carburizing from cassava peel waste carbon can increase the surface hardness of AISI 1020 steel or part of the mechanical properties of the material. Testing at a temperature of 875oC withholding time 60 minutes which is 10.7 HRC and is the lowest value in the study while the highest hardness value occurs at a temperature of 900OC withholding time 120 minutes is 48.2 HRC. Microstructure observation results (metallography) on the edges indicates the martensite phase. The more martensite phase, the higher the value of the surface hardness of the steel material in the same direction as the effect of the length of holding time(holding time)
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INDIGENOUS AND EXOTIC OIL PALM VARIETIES IN ANDHRA PRADESH: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES OF OIL PALM CULTIVATION
Authors: P. Nandeeswara Rao , Sara VijayaLaxmi , Aki Harshitha , Tandra Priyanka
Published: December 2023

This study investigates the agronomic performance, adaptability, economic viability, and associated challenges of indigenous and exotic oil palm varieties in Andhra Pradesh, India. Recognizing the global significance of the oil palm industry and its growing importance in the region, our research aims to provide valuable insights for sustainable cultivation practices. The comparative analysis includes growth parameters, yield potential, climate resilience, soil adaptation, and economic considerations. Through a carefully designed experimental setup, we assess the performance of selected varieties over time, considering environmental impacts, social considerations, and ethical aspects. The study concludes with recommendations for farmers, policymakers, and stakeholders, aiming to guide decision-making and contribute to the responsible development of the oil palm industry in Andhra Pradesh. comparative study of indigenous and exotic oil palm varieties in Andhra Pradesh can provide valuable insights into the opportunities and challenges of oil palm cultivation in the region. Such a study may encompass various aspects, including agronomic performance, yield potential, adaptability to local conditions, economic viability, and environmental impact.
INVESTIGATION OF THE QUALITY PROBLEMS NOTICED BY UNIVERSITY STUDENTS WHILE USING JEANS
Authors: İlleez Alime Aslı , Yarar Esra
Published: December 2023

Denim jeans are one of the most popular products that can be worn in many occasions, from daily life to special events. In order not to lose its popularity, it must be able to meet the preferences of users. For this reason, manufacturers are constantly researching new colors, new models and new fabric constructions and trying to improve their processes. In this study, university students, who are almost one of the most intense users of denim trousers, were asked about their experiences in using denim trousers. They were questioned about their preferences when using denim jeans, the quality problems they encountered about the products. Answers of 400 participants who returned the surveys were analyzed.
ICE CREAM SERBAT JAHE: INOVASI ES KRIM SEHAT SEBAGAI UPAYA PELESTARIAN MINUMAN KHAS LOMBOK DAN PENINGKATAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT LOKAL
Authors: Rahayu Tri Isti , Rezkika Nur Afni , Wati Husnul , Mbele Rezkika Ananda , Hulhidayat Mifta , Aflah Abid Jalaluddin , Sinaga Yesica Marcelina Romauli
Published: December 2023

Lombok Island is one of the popular tourist destinations for both national and international communities. This potential makes various business opportunities that can be done to increase the economic income of its citizens. Businesses that prioritise the distinctiveness of a region also have a great opportunity to become a source of economic improvement for the community. Ginger sherbet is a well-known local cultural heritage of West Lombok. Ginger “Serbat” is a drink made from a blend of red ginger, white ginger, lemongrass, cinnamon and chilli bunches. The natural ingredients, which are rich in bioactive components, make this drink very good for consumption. However, the consumption of ginger “Serbat” is currently limited to the elderly. Innovation in making “Serbat” products into ice cream can be done to reach all groups. New products in the form of ginger “serbat” ice cream can be developed in areas that are busy with tourism. The development of the West Lombok region, especially the Senggigi area and its surroundings, has long been the main centre of tourism on the island of Lombok. However, there are not many local food craftsmen who can attract tourists. Training in making ginger “serbat” was given to women in the Batu Layar, Meninting area around Senggigi. The additional skills are expected to be a business opportunity that they can further develop to increase their income.
Modal Sosial Pengobatan Alternatif Pada Masyarakat Desa Penuba Kabupaten Lingga
Authors: Sudarti Sartika , Wahyuni Sri , Syafitri Rahma
Published: December 2023

The phenomenon of alternative medicine in Lingga Regency, there is treatment directly or from telephone media which is an option for people to get treatment. The purpose of this study is to find out how is social capital in alternative medicine in the community in Penuba village in Lingga Regency. The theory used in this study is the theory of social capital from Robert D. Putnam. The methtod the research used in this study is a qualitative method. Data collection techniques in this study are observation, intervies and documentation. Informants in this study amounted to 10 people selected by purposive sampling. The data analysis technique used is data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions/verification. The findings in this study are that alternativemedicine from mobile media has existed since 2008 until now, the existence of traditional healers is very strong due to strong social capital. Which consists of beliefs, norms, and also the network that is formed in society. Communities that are far away also have a connection with the dukun due to social capital. Trust because they know each other and know the knowledge and abilities possessed by traditional healers in treating a disease, and there are values of togetherness among patients, family, relatives and friends in obtaining alternative medicine, and there is a network between traditional healers, patients, families, relatives and friends who inform each other about alternative medicine. Cooperate with each other in getting treatment in order to achieve the goal of healing.
Upaya Restorative Justice Yang Dilakukan Oleh Kepolisian Sektor Pekutatan Dalam Tindak Pidana Pencurian Alat Gambelan
Authors: Budiarta Gusti Putu , Ashady Suheflihusnaini
Published: December 2023

Restorative justice sebagai mekanisme penyelesaian tindak pidana dibolehkan hanya untuk tindak pidana yang tertentu, pada prosesnya melibatkan berbagai pihak yang berkaitan dengan tindak pidana yang sedang terjadi. Kepolisian Sektor Perkutatan seringkali mengedepankan restoratif justice dalam penyelesaian laporan masyarakat, seperti misalnya dalam kasus tindak pidana pencurian alat gambelan yang meresahkan warga. Penulis dalam tulisan ini akan mengkaji dasar penerapan restoratif justice terhadap pelaku tindak pidana pencurian alat gambelan dan bagaimana tanggapan warga masyarakat terkait dilakukannya restoratif justice terhadap pelaku dalam kasus a quo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian empiris. Hasil penelitian penulis adalah Kepolisian Sektor Perkutatan dalam menerapkan restorative justice terhadap berbagai tindak pidana, tidak terkecuali dalam kasus pencurian alat gambelan, telah mengedepankan prinsip kepastian hukum dengan mendasarkan pada Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2002 tentang Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia dan Perkapolri Nomor 8 Tahun 2021 tentang Penanganan Tindak Pidana berdasarkan keadilan restorative. Pihak Korban, Tokoh Masyarakat dan Tokoh Adat mengapresiasi penerapan restorative justice karena berdampak pada perbaikan diri pelaku dan pemulihan kerugian yang timbul akibat pencurian alat gambelan tersebut.
Method of obtaining and storing hyperimmune anthrax serum
Authors:   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation, and Biological Safety, Ivanova S. V. , Melnikova L. A. ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation, and Biological Safety, Rodionov A. P. ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation, and Biological Safety, Evstifeev V. V. ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation, and Biological Safety
Published: December 2023

Anthrax is a highly dangerous disease of animals and humans caused by the spore-forming bacterium Bacillus anthracis. Currently, the disease is widespread in many countries of the world. Many regions of the Russian Federation are anthrax-endemic. A large number of anthrax treatment, diagnosis and prevention tools are developed using hyperimmune serum. Currently known commercial hyperimmune sera are produced by 2-month long immunization of horses, which is a long and expensive process. This suggests the need to develop faster and cheaper ways to produce anti-anthrax hyperimmune sera; such possible ways became the objective of this study. A live culture of Bacillus anthracis 55-VNIIVViM vaccine strain, used to produce live vaccines against animal anthrax, was used in the experiments. Rabbits were used as animal models. Based on the findings the method of rabbit immunization was selected. The optimal method included intravenous injection of the antigen in increasing amounts according to the following scheme: injection I – 0.5 cm 3; injection II – 1 cm3; injection III – 2 cm3 at a dose of100million mc / animal in 1cm 3, with 4-day interval between injections. This scheme made it possible to produce the serum with a high antibody titer equal to 14 log2. For long-term storage of the serum produced, the freeze-drying modes were optimized, giving 2% residual moisture content of the finished product. The analysis of the freeze-dried serum storage terms showed that the initial activity and physico-chemical properties of the product are maintained for 30 months.
Metabolism features and milk microbiota of cows with mastitis in the Amur Oblast
Authors:   Far East Zone Research Veterinary Institute, Ostyakova M. E. , Shulga I. S. ,   Far East Zone Research Veterinary Institute, Irkhina V. K. ,   Far East Zone Research Veterinary Institute, Kositsyna K. S. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Golaydo N. S. ,   Far East Zone Research Veterinary Institute
Published: December 2023

The effective management practices of dairy farming are inextricably linked with the production of high quality milk, while the mastitis is one of the causes of reductions in milk yields and quality. The aim of the work was to study the microbiological profile of milk, the sensitivity of isolated microorganisms to antibiotics and metabolism features of cows with mastitis in the Amur Oblast. The following microorganisms were identified in the milk samples from cows with mastitis: Staphylococcus epidermidis (34.69%); microbial associations: Streptococcus agalactiae + Escherichia coli (32.65%) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus + Streptococcus agalactiae + Escherichia coli (30.61%); Staphylococcus haemolyticus (2.05%). Microorganisms isolated from the milk of mastitis-affected cows were susceptible to the following antimicrobials: Escherichia coli to cefotaxime (28.00 ± 2.00 mm) and ceftriaxone (27.50 ± 0.35 mm); Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus to cefotaxime (35.50 ± 0.18 mm) and amoxicillin (35.10 ± 0.35 mm); Streptococcus agalactiae to tetracycline (27.60 ± 1.17 mm) and gentamicin (26.40 ± 0.99 mm). Metabolic disorders were observed in cows with mastitis. The albumin-globulin ratio was reduced (0.41), which is typical for various inflammatory processes; and a low albumin levels (29.00 ± 0.89%) suggested a decreased protein synthesis in hepatocytes. A moderate increase in gamma globulins (47.60 ± 1.05%) was associated with stimulation of the phagocytic mononuclear system. Water and mineral metabolism disorders were confirmed by low levels of calcium (1.80 ± 0.03 mmol/L) and magnesium (0.70 ± 0.02 mmol/L), which is a sign of many pathological conditions, and is associated with heavy lactation. Calcium-phosphorus ratio was reduced (0.82). Hematological indicators suggested hypochromic anemia (hemoglobin level – 100.60 ± 1.28 g/L, globular value – 0.60 ± 0.01). The leukogram was indicative of lymphocytopenia (36.90 ± 2.60%) and neutrophilia (rod-shaped neutrophils – 1.80 ± 0.13%, segmented neutrophils – 51.80 ± 2.51%).
Joint use of polyvalent serum and immunomodulators for calves in early postnatal period
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Antler Reindeer Breeding – Department of the Federal Altai Scientific Center for Agrobiotechnologies,, Shanshin N. V.
Published: December 2023

The paper demonstrates how a joint use of polyvalent serum and immunomodulators affects morbidity, survival, and resistance of calves in the early postnatal period. The objectives of the research are: to study how a joint administration of polyvalent serum and immunomodulators changes dynamics of morpho-biochemical and immunological blood parameters in calves; to determine an optimal ratio between the polyvalent serum and immunomodulators and frequency of administration so that to increase overall body resistance, ensure survival of calves in the early postnatal period; to assess cost-effectiveness of the joint use of polyvalent serum and immunomodulators. Research and production testing was done in Simmental calves. For this purpose one control group and five experimental groups were formed (at least 5 animals in each group). Polyvalent serum (20.0 mL) was once administered subcutaneously to the control calves on the first day of life and the animals of the experimental groups received the serum and immunomodulators according to the relevant dosing instructions. The obtained results demonstrate that the optimal protocols include a single administration of “Ribotan” in combination with serum on the first day of life, as well as a double administration of a polyvalent serum 7 days later, alternating “Fosprenil” with “Immunophane”. Administration of polyvalent serum together with an immunomodulator to newborn calves can reduce the morbidity by 70.0% and achieve 100.0% survival, improving this indicator by 22.3% compared to the control. Cost-effectiveness assessment of the veterinary measures specified in these protocols shows that each rouble spent on the measures saves 25.29 roubles. To increase nonspecific resistance of calves in the early postnatal period, preference shall be given to those veterinary medicinal product that can not only normalize the immune system, but also have a combined positive effect on homeostasis in general, stimulate the growth and development of young animals at the early stages of ontogenesis.
Phylogenetic analysis of dermatophytes isolated from small domestic animals
Authors:   S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Smagulova А. М. , Kukhar Е. V. ,   S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Glotova Т. I. ,   Institute of Experimental Veterinary Science of Siberia and the Far East SFSCA RAS, Glotov А. G. ,   Institute of Experimental Veterinary Science of Siberia and the Far East SFSCA RAS
Published: December 2023

Dermatophytoses are diseases of skin and its accessory structures that are widely spread worldwide. They are most commonly caused by fungi of the genera Micro sporum and Trichophyton. The identification of the agent’s species has a great epidemiological significance and is essential for effective therapy. The aim of the study is the identification and phylogenetic analysis of dermatophytes isolated from dogs and cats in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation by means of molecular techniques. The fungal isolate species were confirmed by sequencing using two rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) primer pairs, and this allowed for their deposition to the GenBank database. Based on the sequencing results, Microsporum canis (12 strains) and Trichophyton benhamiae (2 strains) were identified. The nucleotide sequences were analysed, and phylogenetic trees were constructed, taking into account the results of the dermatophyte identification using two primer pairs. The constructed phylogenetic trees reflecting the relationships of dermatophytes showed that, irrespective of the primer pairs used, the Microsporum and Trichophyton pathogens are in all cases reliably assigned to different clades. The analysis of ITS4F/ITS5R sequence fragment structures enabled the establish- ment of genetic relatedness between the Trichophyton benhamiae strains first isolated from cats in Russia and the Russian strain recovered from a guinea pig. The comparative analysis of the genomes of the Microsporum and Trichophyton fungi and reference strains revealed a relatively low level of intraspecies polymor- phism and point mutations of the sequences. The data analysis demonstrated a high percentage of nucleotide sequence homology, and this allows using the primers for PCR tests intended for dermatophytosis diagnosis in cats and dogs.
Deputy Editor-in-chief’s preface to Issue 5, 2023
Authors: Sorokovikov V. A.
Published: December 2023

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Effects of low-dosage radiotherapy for knee osteoarthritis on the incidence of knee arthroplasty: Results of a randomized controlled trial with 9-year follow-up
Authors: Makarova М. V. , Valkov М. Yu. , Grjibovski А. М.
Published: December 2023

The aim. To compare the incidence of knee arthroplasty in patients receiving standard treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in combination with symptomatic slow acting drugs for osteoarthritis (SYSADOA), or combination of NSAIDs and SYSADOA with low-dose radiation therapy (LDRT) in patients with stage 0–2 knee osteoarthritis (OA). Materials and methods. The article presents the results of randomized controlled study of 292 patients with confirmed knee OA according to Altman’s criteria (1991) and Kellgren – Lawrence radiographic stages 0–2 who were randomized into two groups. The control group (n = 146) received standard therapy of NSAIDs + SYSADOA. Patients of the study group (n  =  146) received combination of standard therapy and  LDRT up to a total dose of 4.5  Gy. The  cumulative risk of knee arthroplasty was assessed using actuarial analysis and the Kaplan – Meier method. Attributable (AF) and population attributable (PAF) fractions were calculated to assess LDRT preventive potential. Results. The total observation period was 2131.2 person-years. Knee arthroplasty was performed in 4.1 % (n = 6) of patients in the study group against 7.5 % (n = 11) in the control group. The  incidence density ratio was 0.60 (95%  CI: 0.18–1.88), which corresponds to a risk reduction by 67 %, but the differences were not statistically significant due to the small number of cases (p = 0.340). The AF was 40 % while the PAF was 21 %. Conclusions. The use of LDRT reduces the risk of knee arthroplasty by two-thirds and has the potential to prevent 21 % cases of knee arthroplasty in patients with knee OA. A study on a larger sample is required.
The possibility of a favourable outcome and reversibility of severe ankle joint damage on the example of a clinical observation
Authors: Skuratova L. K. , Gudi S. M. , Luchshev M. D. , Zhidkov S. K. , Prokaev F. V. , Pakhomov I. A.
Published: December 2023

The problem of aseptic talus necrosis consists of the following features: a) manifestation of the disease in the form of acute articular syndrome without typical symptoms; b) inevitable serious consequences in the form of disfiguring deforming arthrosis of the ankle joint, development of gross deformities of the rearfoot, etc., resulting in disability. The lack of methods for monitoring the dynamics of the disease also plays an important role. This is particularly so with such an important issue as the substantiation of stopping immobilization and allowing the load on the foot in order to avoid collapsed talus and subsequent complications. It is believed that treatment started before radiographic changes helps to avoid severe complications, but for a number of reasons patients arrive already at the stage of late severe destructive changes. All of the above explains the high relevance of the problem of treatment of patients with aseptic talus necrosis. The importance of the presented clinical case and the value of this information can be considered several points: its  example demonstrates the possibility of early diagnosis of severe talus damage cause by aseptic necrosis; based on objective data, a substantiation was made for allowing the load on the leg with body weight in the complex of rehabilitation measures; the possibility of regression of pathological changes associated with aseptic talus necrosis and the dynamics of the course of aseptic talus necrosis with a favorable outcome were demonstrated, which is confirmed by modern research methods. Thus, the need for magnetic resonance imaging has been confirmed for all referred patients with a clinical picture of local articular syndrome in the ankle joint, the possibility of complete regression of avascular necrosis symptoms in case of conservative treatment at the early stages and the possibility of resolving the load on the leg in the complex of rehabilitation treatment have been demonstrated.
Acute kidney injury after primary total hip replacement
Authors: Lebed M. L. , Kirpichenko M. G. , Novikova E. V. , Lebed T. G. , Mankov A. V.
Published: December 2023

Surgical interventions that do not directly affect the urinary system can cause excretory dysfunction of kidneys. The aim. To establish the prevalence, risk factors and clinical significance of acute kidney injury after primary hip replacement performed in the clinic of the Irkutsk Scientific Centre of Surgery and Traumatology. Materials and methods. We carried out a retrospective analysis of the case histories of 109 patients who underwent primary total hip replacement under conditions of subarachnoid anesthesia in the clinic of the Irkutsk Scientific Centre of Surgery and Traumatology in 2021. Results. Postoperative changes in serum creatinine in 8 patients of the study group met the KDIGO (The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) criteria for acute kidney injury. Initial indicators of renal excretory function in the subgroup with acute kidney injury were not different from those in the entire group. Statistically significant correlation was established between acute kidney injury and indicators of oxygen-carrying capacity of blood – initial and minimal postoperative hemoglobin concentration. Acute kidney injury in patients of the study group had a minimal effect on the clinical course of the early postoperative period. None of the patients required renal replacement therapy, re-transfer from the specialized unit to the intensive care unit or any specific treatment. The duration of postoperative stay of patients with acute kidney injury in the clinic did not increase. Conclusions. Acute kidney injury was detected in 7.3  % of patients who underwent primary total hip replacement. Risk factors for the development of postoperative acute kidney injury in  patients of the study group included relatively low initial and  minimal postoperative blood hemoglobin concentrations, which may indicate prerenal mechanism of acute kidney injury pathogenesis. Implementation of the main steps of the “renal protocol” in patients with initial glomerular filtration rate over 45 ml/min/1.73 m2 allows avoiding the development of severe clinically significant forms of postoperative acute kidney injury and complications associated with it in the early postoperative period of primary total hip replacement.
Assessment of the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with massive tears of the rotator cuff tendons using arthroscopically assisted transposition of the latissimus dorsi tendon
Authors: Menshova D. V. , Ponomarenko N. S. , Kuklin I. A. , Tishkov N. V. , Puseva M. E.
Published: December 2023

Rotator cuff tears are one of the most common musculoskeletal injuries and account for about 20 %. Massive rotator cuff tears account for up to 40 % of all tears. There  is  no  single approach in the treatment of patients with massive rotator cuff tears. We have developed a new method of surgical treatment of these patients – arthroscopically assisted transposition of the latissimus dorsi tendon using 1/2 of the tendon of the long peroneal muscle. The aim of the study. To assess the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with massive rotator cuff tears who had arthroscopically assisted transposition of the latissimus dorsi tendon using an autograft of a 1/2 of the tendon of the long peroneal muscle. Materials and methods. The study included 15  patients with Patte stage  III and Thomazeau grade 2–3 massive rotator cuff tears, who had arthroscopically assisted transposition of the latissimus dorsi tendon using 1/2 of the tendon of the long peroneal muscle. Results. The article presents the long-term results of surgical treatment of patients using the developed method. The following criteria were evaluated: average age; time since injury; duration of surgery. Functional outcome was assessed using the ASES (American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons) scale. Taking into account the indicators on the ASES functional scale 1 year after surgical treatment, the following results were obtained: excellent – in 14 (93.3 %) patients, satisfactory – in 1 (6.7 %) patient. Conclusion. The developed method allows us to restore the function of the shoulder joint as early as it possible, to reduce the severity of the pain syndrome and to improve the quality of life of patients.
Rotator cuff tendon ruptures (literature review)
Authors: Slaykovskiy E. N. , Ponomarenko N. S. , Kuklin I. A.
Published: December 2023

Rotator cuff injury is a common pathology: up to 20 % of the population over 45 years of age has ruptures of varying severity, and up to 40 % of these ruptures are large and massive. The gradual development of tendon degeneration and fatty degeneration of muscle tissue and the asymptomatic course of the disease often lead to late medical attention when secondary arthropathy of the shoulder joint develops. With age, the probability of having a rupture increases, reaching 51 % in people over  80  years of age. The main diagnostic tools are radiography and  magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder joint combined with clinical examination. Conservative treatment for massive injuries is ineffective, and the risk of worsening rotator cuff tendinopathy to rupture reaches 54 %. There are three main directions in the surgery of rotator cuff injuries: tendon reconstruction or replacement of their defect with grafts; muscle transfer; shoulder arthroplasty. Subacromial balloon spacer and tenogenic patches are also used. Each of these methods has a number of disadvantages and limitations. The frequency of repeated ruptures of reconstructed tendons reaches 45 %. Muscle transfer is extremely demanding on the skill of the surgeon and is associated with high risks of neurological complications. Arthroplasty imposes a number of significant restrictions on the patient, reducing the  quality of life, and prosthesis components wear increases the risk of complications, especially during revision interventions. The use of the subacromial spacer is limited by its high cost and lack of  long-term follow-up of treatment outcomes. Tenogenic patches have not undergone clinical trials, being an experimental technique. There is no single approach to the treatment of massive rotator cuff ruptures. The results are contradictory, the advantages of each of the methods are balanced by their disadvantages, which provides a wide window of opportunity in the studying, optimizing classical and introducing new methods of treatment of this pathology
Forefoot reconstruction in brachymetatarsia
Authors: Usoltsev I. V. , Leonova S. N. , Kosareva M. A.
Published: December 2023

Background. Brachymetatarsia is a rare disease characterized by abnormal shortening of one or more metatarsal bones. The clinical picture is most often dominated by complaints of aesthetic dissatisfaction, as well as pain in the forefoot caused by mechanical dysfunction. A radical way to solve the problem is surgical treatment. The aim. To demonstrate a rare clinical observation of a patient with bilateral brachymetatarsia of both feet. Materials and methods. The article presents a case of stepwise treatment of a patient with bilateral brachymetatarsia with shortening of the III and IV metatarsal bones in combination with hallux valgus. Results and discussion. According to the protocol, the patient underwent stepwise reconstruction of the forefoot of both feet with intervention on all five metatarsal bones. After all the rehabilitation measures, there was a complete restoration of all functions of both lower limbs after the surgery, and the patient was satisfied with the aesthetic result of the surgical treatment. Conclusions. The obtained result of treatment of a patient with bilateral brachymetatarsia allows us to conclude that the use of this group of techniques is acceptable with the obligatory preoperative calculation of the necessary shortening and lengthening of the metatarsal bones, focusing on the parameters of the metatarsal formula of the forefoot, even in combination with other deformities.
Assessing socio-economic damage caused by coxarthrosis in the population
Authors: Koryak V. A. , Botvinkin A. D. , Sorokovikov V. A. , Chernikova O. M.
Published: December 2023

Background. About 40 % of patients diagnosed with coxarthrosis annually seek medical help and receive social support due to this disease. Increased use of an expensive surgery for treatment of coxarthrosis and projected growth of its prevalence in the population determine the relevance of socio-economic analysis. The aim of the study. To assess the value and structure of economic damage caused by the delivering health and social care to patients with coxarthrosis at the state level of the Russian Federation. Methods. To assess economic damage, we used the average annual number of various categories of patients and disabled people with coxarthrosis in the Irkutsk region for 2008–2017. Three main categories were identified: patients who visited the outpatients’ clinic; patients with total hip replacement; disabled people due to coxarthrosis. For each category, we calculated weighted average damage per  1  conventional patient, taking into account direct and indirect costs and subsequent multiplication by the average annual number of individual categories of patients. Calculations were performed in 2017 prices. Results. The average annual socio-economic damage from coxarthrosis amounted to 1.39 (1.34÷1.43) billion rubles or 0.1 % of the gross regional product. The most of the damage (64.4 %) were indirect costs associated with disability due to coxarthrosis, 22.2  % of the total amount were the costs of hip replacement surgery, 13.4 % were the costs of outpatient visits. Indirect economic losses due to disability in patients of working age were 4.2 times higher than losses due to disability of oldage pensioners. Conclusion. The results of the study confirm the economic feasibility of surgical treatment of coxarthrosis, especially in patients of working age.