bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functional Materials for Fusion Nuclear Power Cores (A Technical Memorandum)
Authors:   Department of Physics, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, Seighalani Rahele Zadfathollah , Zohuri Bahman ,   Galaxy Advanced Engineering, Chief Executive Officer, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
Published: May 2022

Nuclear energy science is nothing new, since World War II (WW II) and the successful Manhattan Project started in the deserts of New Mexico around 1940’s with Fermi introducing his experimental fission reactor in basement of University of Chicago in state of Illinois. Following that project and the exploring application of atom energy for peaceful goals using famous Einstein’s theory E=mc^2 has turned a new chapter for nuclear power energy by introducing a new source for electricity production. Fusion nuclear power generation that totally works in opposite direction that of fission nuclear power by splitting atoms nuclei of high Z-materials such as Uranium (U) or Plutonium (Pu), it uses the technology of thermonuclear reaction concepts driven by two isotopes of Hydrogen elements mainly Deuterium (D) and Tritium (T). Recent progress in research towards the development of fusion power driven by means of magnetic confinement approach, using reactor such as Tokamak device and the impressive advances research made in this particular reactor in the past few years, seems very promising to strike break-even of thermonuclear driven fusion reaction taking into consideration approach of Magnetic Confinement Fusion (MCF). Tokamak devices currently under construction will demonstrate the break-even condition or scientific feasibility of fusion power. Exciting and innovative ideas in mirror magnetic confinement are expected to culminate in high-Q devices making open-ended confinement a serious contender for fusion reactors. However, with such an innovative approach comes its own technical challenges associated with the machinery such as Tokamak that internally requires in a harsh temperature that in nature can be seen at the surface of our Sun, thus we are in need of materials that can sustain such high-temperature heat and be able to maintain their integrity and extend the life-cycle of such device while in full commercial operation within period of 24x7x360. Here in this Technical Memorandum (TM), we discuss potential materials that are possibly can deliver such sustainability one need them to operate within high-temperature and maintain their both physical and chemical properties from physics of solid-states point of view. With also today’s research in Nanotechnology and Memory-metals reaching to such a goal seems to be achievable, which is subject of this Technical Memorandum (TM)
Therapeutic Role of Transforaminal Steroid Injection for the Management of Radicular Pain: Survival Rate in Patients with Radicular Pain Secondary to Degenerative Lumbar Pathology
Authors:   Orthopaedic Spine Surgeon. Head of Spine Center - Clínica Universidad de los Andes – Chile, Santiago, Beaulieu Lyonel , Totera Ignacio Cirillo ,   Orthopaedic Spine Surgeon. Clínica Universidad de los Andes – Chile, Santiago & Orthopaedic Spine Surgeon. Hospital del Trabajador – Chile, Santiago, Guardia Andrés ,   Orthopaedic Spine Surgeon. Hospital Militar de Santiago – Chile, Santiago, Bahamondes Javier Lecaros ,   Orthopaedic Spine Surgeon. Hospital Militar de Santiago – Chile, Santiago, Lemos Facundo Álvarez ,   Orthopaedic Surgeon. Spine Fellowship, Clínica Universidad de los Andes – Chile, Santiago, Ahumada Felipe ,   Orthopedic Resident. Universidad de los Andes – Chile, Santiago, Muñoz José Tomás ,   Orthopedic Resident. Universidad de los Andes – Chile, Santiago, Montoya Andre M Beaulieu ,   Medical Student, Universidad de los Andes – Chile, Santiago
Published: May 2022

Background: The effectiveness of transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) as a therapeutic tool for radicular pain (RP) in the short term has been demonstrated, however, in the medium or long term it is controversial. Objectives: The objective of this work is to evaluate its usefulness as a therapeutic tool through survival analysis. Study Design: Method: Retrospective evaluation of 93 patients with RP secondary to degenerative pathology (DP) of the lumbar spine, submitted to TFESI, by the same spine surgeon, analyzing demographic variables and clinical results according to McNab score, as well as analysis of survival rate of TFESI using Kaplan Meier curve. Results: Of the 93 patients, 59% was male and 41% female, with a mean age of 64 years, with an average follow-up of 27 months. The most frequently infiltrated level was L4-L5 (55.9%) and sciatica was the most common symptom (88.1%) of the patients. The most frequent diagnosis found was disc herniation in 51.6%. 87% of the patients reported improved their symptoms according to the McNab Score, indicating excellent, good or fair results. Only 12.9% indicates poor results. 12.9% of the patients required surgery or a second TFESI within the first three months. The survival rate obtained in our study was of 81% at 51 months. Conclusion: The results obtained in our study showed favorable results with a survival rate of 81% at 51 months for the TFESI, suggesting its efficacy for the management of RD in the medium and long term, thus being able to avoid more invasive procedures with their potential risks
Para-Duodenal Hernia Unusual Presentation of Abdominal Obstruction: A Case Report
Authors:   Senior Specialist General Surgery, Bariatric and Endoscopy, Farwaniya Hospital, Ministry of Health Kuwait (MOH), Al-Mulla Ahmad Essam , Al-Mutairi Maznah ,   General Surgery Resident, Department of Surgery Farwaniya Hospital, Ministry of Health Kuwait (MOH), Ashkanani Fawzia ,   Consultant General Surgery, Department of Surgery Farwaniya Hospital Ministry of Health Kuwait (MOH), algazar Mohammed ,   Lecturer of General Surgery Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt. Senior Registrar, Farwaniya Hospital, Department of Surgery, Ministry of Health Kuwait (MOH), abdelhamid Mohammed Yousry ,   General Surgery Resident, Department of Surgery Farwaniya Hospital, Ministry of Health Kuwait (MOH), Al Alenezi Nouf ,   General Surgery Resident, Department of Surgery Farwaniya Hospital, Ministry of Health Kuwait (MOH)
Published: May 2022

A para-duodenal hernia is a type of internal hernia, an atypical congenital anomaly. It presents as abdominal obstruction with adverse manifestations such as strangulation and infraction. Its symptoms can be ambiguous and variable, making them challenging to detect and diagnose. However, prompt intervention is required to avoid further complications. Here, we present the course and management of a 31-year-old male who contributed to our emergency department with symptoms of intestinal obstruction with an unusual C.T. scan and intra-operative findings
Mémoire des Anciens. Traces littéraires de l'Antiquité aux XIIe et XIIIe siècles
Authors: Montorsi Francesco
Published: May 2022

Cet essai aborde la question de savoir comment un passé, celui des XIIe et XIIIe siècles, a représenté, transmis, utilisé, vécu un autre passé, celui des mondes grec et latin. Il vise alors à identifier et interpréter les traces littéraires de la mémoire de l’Antiquité dans un corpus de textes vernaculaires (romans antiques, chroniques, traductions de classiques). À l’aide d’explorations convergentes, portant sur différents aspects du savoir historique (des pratiques religieuses au théâtre, du conflit militaire aux rites funéraires, de l’idolâtrie à l’art statuaire), nous découvrons dans ces textes un souvenir de l’Antiquité qui, pour être par moment lacunaire, se révèle à la fois riche et mouvant. Un souvenir tantôt déformé par les rêves, les peurs et les ambitions mondains de toute une époque, tantôt empreint d’un étonnant détachement et d’un véritable élan érudit.
Chapter 3: Soil mechanics studies
Authors: De La Cruz Vega Sleyther Arturo , Mendoza Flores Cristian Milton , Ascoy Flores Kevin Arturo , Cipriano Bautista Johnny Gregorio , Barrenechea Alvarado Julio Cesar , Flores Reyes Gumercindo
Published: May 2022

The soil analysis allows to know the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of the projected soil, that is to say, the stratigraphic composition, the layers or strata that compose the different properties of the soil and its depth, as well as the depth at which its foundations should be made.
It is important to recognize the type of soil because each of them has a specific property such as gravels are very permeable, sands have high capillarity, silts are suitable for compaction and clays are impermeable.
Studies carried out on the soil, such as granulometry, allow it to be classified according to SUCS or AASHTO standards, moisture analysis allows the amount of water that is present together with the particles to be recognized, and the stratigraphic profile allows the heights of the soil layers and their color and texture to be known, consistency limits such as liquid limit and plastic limit allow it to be recognized if they have moldable properties, the specific gravity is an important factor in its design, the content of soluble salts allows to determine the type of cement to be used, the proctor test allows to know the compaction characteristics such as dry specific weight and optimum moisture and the direct shear test allows to recognize the angle of internal friction and cohesion present in the soil. The purpose of the soil study is to provide the necessary data to carry out the designs of engineering works, recognize the characteristics of the soil in situ, prevent possible problems in the future, as well as to establish the appropriate modifications to the construction processes and above all to guarantee the good operation of the building and to fulfill its useful lifetime.
Gait Classification Using Machine Learning for Foot Disseises Diagnosis
Authors: Naji Ayat , Abboud Sahar A , Jumaa Basim A , Abdullah Mohammed N
Published: May 2022

Person recognition systems based on biometrics have recently attracted a lot of attention in the scientific community. It’s an ever-evolving technology that aspires to do biometric recognition automatically, rapidly, precisely, and consistently. In recent decades, gait recognition has emerged as a type of biometric identification that focuses on recognizing individuals using personal measures and correlations, such as trunk and limb size, as well as space-time information linked to intrinsic patterns in individuals’ motions. Lower-limb surgery is one of the leading causes of loss of autonomy in patients. An improved rehabilitation process is a vital aspect for care facilities since it improves both the patient’s quality of life and the associated costs of the post-surgery procedure. Proper progress monitoring is critical to the success of a rehabilitation program. In this paper, we employed machine learning methods as classifiers to classify foot diseases and then monitor the progress in the patient case. Five classifiers were utilized to train and test the EMG dataset in the lower limb. These classifiers are K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN), Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT), Logistic Regression (LR), and Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD). The experimental results show high accuracy reaching 99% in both KNN and RF classifiers and 97% in the DT classifier. The fundamental benefit of the suggested procedures is their high estimation accuracy, which leads to better therapeutic results.
Study of the risk analysis associated with multimodal maritime transport
Authors: Ștefаnov O. , Аgаpe АG. , Stoenciu D , Berescu C.
Published: May 2022

According to the International Maritime Organization, risk is defined as "a combination of the frequency and severity of the consequence", thus articulating two components of the likelihood of occurrence and the probability of severity of the foreseeable/unpredictable consequences. Risk is a measure of the significance of the hazard that involves a simultaneous examination of its consequences and likelihood of occurrence, using a combination and practical experience, as well as relevant information about the system and its operating environment.
SURVEY PAPER ON AUTOMATED ELECTRONIC TOLLING SYSTEMS USING RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Phiri Misheck , Nhapi Lincoln
Published: May 2022

Purpose: In this paper we carry out a review on Automated e-tolling systems using RFID technology that has already been proposed by other researchers. Analysed and synthesised the researchers’ solutions and identifying their advantages and disadvantages, and also the gap they left that needs further research.

Methodology: the approach used to conduct this review was to collect extensive peer reviewed literature on how solutions by several authors’ RFID technology implementation for Automated e-tolling systems helped collect road tax automatically and efficiently around the world with the effect of eliminating vehicle congestion around toll plazas. A prototype was developed to test the effectiveness of our proposed solution.

Findings: This study found out that the use of RFID technology in Automated E-tolling systems is the cheapest and most effective way of collecting road tax revenue without delaying motor vehicles. Furthermore, enables vehicles to pay road tax while moving. This study also revealed that for the Automated E-tolling system to be secure and efficient the communication between RFID tag and reader has to be secured. Due to limitations in resources in cheap passive RFID tags, text steganography using Unicode zero width characters is most appropriate due to its high embedding capacity and very low processing needed.

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The review was able to bring out the importance of securing the communication between tag and reader thus building a system with security from design not as an afterthought. It also reveals the use of text steganography as a way of preserving tag privacy. Vehicle congestion at toll collection points has a domino effect of causing pollution to the environment, loss of productive time while waiting in the queue at toll plazas to be saved and also loss of fuel while the vehicle is idling waiting for its turn to be saved. Automated e-tolling systems using RFID technology also reduces the cost of collecting road taxes by significantly reducing the manpower needed at various toll plazas thereby making the system more efficient than the current manual or semi-automated toll collection systems currently available in Zimbabwe.
Typomorphic features of native gold within the Uchuysky ore node (Adycha-Taryn zone, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia))
Authors: BONDARENKO Nikolay , SHATILOVA Ludmila , POZDNYAKOVA Natalya , KOVALCHUK Elena
Published: May 2022

This work presents the study of typomorphic features of native gold from three ore fields within the Uchuysky ore node: Uchuyskoye, Gan-Andreevskoye and Luch. The obtained data (the gold particle shapes, composition and internal structure, the nature of the surface) show the multi-stage process of ore deposition near the granite massif in the tectonically active zone and further transformations of native gold under the influence of high-temperature hydrothermal-metasomatic processes.
Giải pháp phục hồi hiệu suất của giếng khai thác qua các thí nghiệm bơm ép trên mẫu lõi bằng hệ thiết bị bơm ép đa năng
Authors: Nguyễn Văn Hiếu , Nguyễn Hồng Minh , Phan Ngọc Quốc , Nguyễn Lâm Quốc Cường
Published: May 2022

Công tác nghiên cứu, đánh giá hiện trạng vỉa chứa và tìm ra các giải pháp nhằm duy trì sản lượng khai thác đang được các nhà thầudầu khí đặc biệt quan tâm. Việc thực hiện các giải pháp bơm ép trên mẫu lõi trong phòng thí nghiệm trước khi áp dụng trên quy mô côngnghiệp tại mỏ đòi hỏi phải có hệ thống thiết bị thí nghiệm đồng bộ, chính xác và cho kết quả có độ tin cậy cao. Hệ thiết bị bơm ép đa năng CF700 do Viện Dầu khí Việt Nam (VPI) nghiên cứu chế tạo đã được sử dụng để tiến hành 3 loại thínghiệm chính nhằm nâng cao hiệu quả của các giếng khai thác đối với 3 khu vực mỏ gặp vấn đề suy giảm lưu lượng khác nhau: bơm éphóa phẩm ngăn cách nước EN để giảm tỷ lệ nước so với dầu (water oil ratio/water cut - WOR) trong khai thác; đánh giá ảnh hưởng củaacid xử lý cặn muối trong giếng đối với vỉa chứa; bơm ép hóa chất để làm giảm độ bão hòa condensate và phục hồi độ thấm khí ở khu vựccận đáy giếng đối với mỏ khí condensate.
Nghiên cứu chế tạo lớp phủ composite epoxy/graphene chống ăn mòn kim loại
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Lê Hiền , Phạm Thị Hường , Lê Thị Hồng Giang , Nguyễn Đình Dũng
Published: May 2022

Ba loại graphene khác nhau đã được phối trộn trong epoxy để tạo thành lớp phủ composite bảo vệ chống ăn mòn trên nền thép carbon. Trong đó, graphene biến tính hữu cơ tương thích và phân tán tốt trong dung môi và tạo ra lớp phủ composite đồng nhất với độ bám dính cao trên bề mặt kim loại. Kết quả thử nghiệm ăn mòn do Viện Dầu khí Việt Nam (VPI) thực hiện cho thấy lớp phủ composite có graphene giúp bảo vệ kim loại tốt hơn so lớp phủ epoxy không có graphene.
The effect of different fertilizer doses on the yield of soybean varieties cultivated in the central hungarian region on the basis of the results of the cultivation technologies
Authors: Tatárváriné Nagy Nikoletta Edit , Popovics Tamás , Tatárvári Károly , Pepó Péter
Published: May 2022

„Within the framework of the tender, we sought the answer to the question of what production technology can be used to successfully grow soybeans in the Central Hungarian region. This region has the lowest national soybean production area (637 ha), which is particularly difficult to increase further due to high production costs and extreme weather conditions. At the same time, the demand of the domestic processing industry for soybeans is constantly increasing, which is mainly covered by foreign imports. In this article we present three varieties of the Hungarian feed company (Galldorf Zrt.) with very high protein content and drought tolerance, which are marketed and grown in this special production area. The goal is to have a yield of more than 2 t ha-1 with a ProFat content more than 50%, which is suitable for full-fat soybeans for dynamic pork upbringing and the production of high-quality pork.”
DON-TOXIN csökkentés eredményei malmi búzánál
Authors: Kecskésné Nagy Eleonóra
Published: May 2022

A kutatás során azt vizsgáltuk technológiai környezetben, hogy ha optikai válogatást és korszerű felülettisztítást együttesen alkalmazunk a malomipari tisztítási folyamatban, akkor hogyan változik a búzaminták toxinszennyezettsége. Három évjáratban betakarított búzatételek esetén gyűjtöttünk adatokat arra vonatkozóan, hogy a Sortex Z+ optikai válogató és a Schule Verticone VPC 480 felülettisztító gépek együttes alkalmazásával csökkenthető-e a búzatételek vizsgálati mintáinak a toxintartalma. A leíró statisztika egyértelműen azt mutatta, hogy a tisztítási folyamat végére minden évjáratban a vizsgált búzaminták átlagos toxinszintje csökkent. Az induktív statisztikával pedig azt állapítottuk meg, hogy 95%-os valószínűségi szinten a búzatételek esetén igaz is az előző megállapítás. Vagyis a vizsgált évjáratokban, ha a tisztítási folyamatban az említett korszerű berendezéseket alkalmazzák malomipari őrlés előtt, csökkenthető a búzatételek DON-toxin szennyezettsége.
Jégeső Intenzitásbecslése peremes korong szimulációja alapján
Authors: Csík Norbert , Zsupányi Krisztián , Drenyovszki Rajmund
Published: May 2022

A jégkár hatása a mezőgazdaságra a kisebb mértékű levél- és terménykártól a teljes veteménypusztulásig terjedhet. A kártérítések és biztosítások valamekkora védelmet jelentenek a gazdák számára, de a kár mértékét nehéz becsülni: a jégeső megjelenése változó területi eloszlású lehet, emellett a jégszemek mérete, sebessége és az ezek által együttesen meghatározott becsapódási energia is széles skálán mozoghat. A következőkben egy olyan modellt mutatunk be, mely a földrajzi jellegzetességeket is figyelembe véve jégeső-szenzorként funkcionálhat, mely alapján következtetések tehetők a pusztítás mértékére is.
Lítiumion cellák hegesztett kötéseinek fejlesztése
Authors: Kovács Péter , Sztupinszky Zsolt , Patkás Simon , Béres Gábor , Hareancz Ferenc
Published: May 2022

A hegesztést előszeretettel használják vékony lemezek összekötésére. Az elektronikaipar és elektromos járművek fejlődésével egyre kiemelkedőbb számban gyártanak akkumulátorpakkokat, amelyekhez elengedhetetlen az akkumulátor cellák kötéseinek fejlesztése Az ellenálláshegesztés egy ismert, kidolgozott technológia, amely biztosítja gyártásuk esetén a szükséges kötéstechnológiai paramétereket. A cikk összehasonlítja az ellenállásdudorhegesztett és lézersugaras hegesztéssel létrehozott kötéseket. Célunk bemutatni a technológiák működését és az ellenállás dudorhegesztés és lézersugaras hegesztés kötésminőségeit, és fejlesztési lehetőségeit.
Effectiveness of Structured Electrocardiography Training Programme among Registered Nurses
Authors: Sharma Ankita , Choudhary Devanshi , Thomas Dainy , Dhinakaran S Vatchala , Gopichandran L
Published: May 2022

Cardiovascular disorders make up a large burden on existing health care system. Besides history and physical examination, the electrocardiography (ECG) remains the Àrst and foremost diagnostic investigation to assess the electrical and muscular activity of the heart. Basic understanding of life-threatening cardiac rhythms and their management is an essential skill to salvage the suffering patients. This study aimed to assess the baseline ECG knowledge and also the effectiveness of a structured ECG programme on the knowledge score among registered nurses working at various health care levels. It also aimed to Ànd out the association between knowledge on ECG monitoring, interpretation and other variables. One group pre-test post design was used. In total 101 registered nurses (RNs)were recruited using convenient sampling technique. Demographic and educational proÀ le was assessed. The baseline knowledge scores were assessed using self-designed reliable and valid ECG monitoring and interpretation questionnaire following which structured ECG teaching programme was implemented, and post-test was taken for the knowledge score. Teaching content on ECG monitoring and interpretation was prepared on the basis of review of literature and in consultation with experts. Content validity of teaching content was established by giving it to Àve experts in different Àelds and modiÀ cations were made according to experts’ suggestions. The tools were pre-tested before use among À ve nursing ofÀ cers. Reliability coefÀ cient of structured knowledge questionnaire was found out by using Split half technique and the tool was found reliable (r=0.90). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. Majority i.e. 39 (38.61%) of the RNs had educational qualiÀcation upto BSc Nursing and majority i.e. 68 (67.33%) had attended ECG learning programme within last three months, majority i.e. 84 (82%) were female, mean age was 33.3 years (mini-22, max-52), majority i.e. 48 (47.5%) had clinical experience of 5-10 years. About half (49.5%) of them had average pre-test knowledge score, 49 (48.5%) had poor pre-test knowledge score. There was a signiÀ cant improvement (p=0.0001) in the mean knowledge score from 4.99 r 2.16 to 8.96 r 1.76. There was a signiÀcant association (p=0.02) between knowledge gain and recent attendance in ECG workshop during past three months.
Perceptions of Nursing Faculty on Online Teaching during Covid 19 Pandemic in Kerala
Authors: Unnikrishnan VV , TR Sreedevi , Varghese Shalu
Published: May 2022

The impact of Covid-19 has shaken the world to its core. Disruptions are experienced in all domains of human existence and educational institutions around the world are not spared. The National lockdown caused major interruption in students’ learning, both theory and practice, disruptions in internal assessments and the postponement of qualifying university examinations in health science educational institutions. In this study, a descriptive online survey was conducted from 24 to 28 May 2020, which targeted teachers from 123 Nursing Colleges afÀliated to Kerala University of Health Sciences (KUHS). A self-structured questionnaire (Online Google form) was used for the data collection procedure. A total of 948 valid responses were collected regarding nursing faculty members, perceptions of online teaching and impact of Covid-19 pandemic on academic activities. The responses were analysed using descriptive statistics. The results of the survey of 948 nursing faculty members indicate that the majority of these teachers support online teaching strategies in order to bridge the learning gap; 47.15 percent found that the online classes are helpful, 52.75 percent identiÀed time and location Áexibility as the beneÀt of online teaching and 56 percent responded positively to continue the online teaching programme. Most of the faculty used WhatsApp (76.1%) for online sharing of video and reading materials, 64.8 percent recorded attendance by noting reporting and feedback from the students and 52.4 percent used online assessment after several classes as assessment strategy. The problems and challenges faced by nursing faculty in switching to online learning serve as a reference for other countries as they implement online teaching programmes.
Effectiveness of a Pressure Ulcer Prevention Package (PUPP) for Patients Admitted in Intensive Care Units: An Experimental Study
Authors: Dave Koushal
Published: May 2022

Many critically ill patients admitted in ICUs sedated on mechanical ventilation are unable to change the position themselves. Therefore, these patients are at high risk of impaired skin integrity that leads to development of pressure ulcers. This study assessed the effectiveness of pressure ulcer prevention package in reducing the incidences of pressure ulcers among patients in ICUs. In this experimental design pre-test post-test control group study, 70 patients 35 each in experimental and control group from different ICUs of Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi were randomly allocated into two groups i.e. experimental and control groups. Experimental group received the intervention of pressure ulcer prevention package and the control group received routine skin care. Demographic and clinical data were collected by using demographic pro'Agrave;le tool, standardised skin assessment tool and pressure ulcer staging tool. All the subjects were followed every third day from admission to discharge, death and up to a maximum 20 days. Data were analysed using STATA 11.1 with the level of signi'Agrave;cance at p'lt;0.05. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. The sacrum and then heels were the most common areas of pressure ulcers among ICU patients. Pressure ulcer prevention package was signi'Agrave;cantly effective (p'lt; 0.001) to delay the pressure ulcers-related adverse events among patients of experimental group. Pressure ulcers-related adverse events were developed earlier in control group i.e. 14 percent in experimental and 41 percent in control group. Number of pressure ulcers development were signi'Agrave;cantly (p'lt;0.001) lower in experimental group (08/35) compared to control group (20/35). The experimental group had signi'Agrave; cantly less Stage I and Stage II pressure ulcers development compared to control group (p'lt;0.001). Pressure ulcers prevention package was found to be signi'Agrave;cantly effective to reduce incidences, severity and total number of pressure ulcers among patients admitted in ICUs.
Childbirth: Is Pregnant Woman Prepared in India?
Authors: CT Abra Pearl , Subbiah Nanthini
Published: May 2022

Pregnancy and child birth is a great event in the life of every woman for which she awaits eagerly. But when faced with the reality of labour and child birth, are women able to cope? Are they prepared to face this exciting event in their life? Preparation for child birth should take place in the antenatal period itself. Systematic child birth education helps the woman to integrate herself physically, mentally and emotionally and enables her face childbirth with confi dence and come out with a happy child birth experience. Midwives and maternity nurses play a vital role in helping pregnant women to overcome their fears and anxieties about labour and childbirth. Th ough the Government of India has outlined guidelines and protocols on birth preparedness and complication readiness, are all women really prepared? Does this information and education reach all the pregnant women? Lack of human resource and consistent education materials contribute to this challenge. Placement of well-trained child birth educators and dissemination of standardised educational materials can address this challenge and enable the women in India to be prepared and confi dently face child birth.
Leveraging Innovative Training Technologies for Health Care Workers: Preparing, Privileging and Responding to NovelCorona Virus 19 Pandemic Challenges and Opportunities in Tertiary Care Hospitals in India
Authors: Ghosh Kumkum , Krishnan SV Unni , Sharma Dhirja , Diwakaran Chitra
Published: May 2022

Exclusive training of health care workers regarding working instructions for the care of Covid19 patients and Covid -19 ward is essential. With the help of simulation-based training and e-learning platforms via mobile app (Daksh), the training programmes were executed and implemented. All the safety precautions were adhered to. This project aimed to train all the nursing staff about the working instructions for taking care of Covid-19 patients. The main objectives were: to ensuring a smooth work process in Covid-19 wards; safety of health care workers by giving them adequate E-learning and simulation-based training and; clinical privileging of the staff nurses for better delivery of quality patient care in Covid-19 departments, thereby ensuring patient safety and patient satisfaction. The project was implemented via E-learning platform Daksh, which a standard platform by Elsevier Nursing Skills for nurses to learn and grow. Thirty one working instructions with the video material were created and uploaded in portal Daksh. More than 3,500 staff nurses were trained via this portal within a stipulated time. All the e-learning training data can be instantly retrieved from the portal for further analysis.
Strength of weak ties in low income neighbourhoods of Medellín, Colombia
Authors: BICZYŃSKA Ewelina
Published: May 2022

The article links the quality of available public spaces and physical space composition with social capital. Colombian city – Medellín is chosen as this particular city has gone through a tremendous transformation and is rich with different kinds of an urban environment, including traditional low-income neighbourhoods as well as social housing in the form of blocks of flats. The study discusses types of social capital that appear in neighbourhoods and points at the special importance of weak ties for the sense of security, comfort, and quality of life. The results also show that space composition can impact construction of social capital.
Post-pandemic cities: urban ghettos or urban commons?
Authors: ŁUCZAK Robert
Published: May 2022

This article examines potential impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on key aspects of urban development: the functioning of individuals in physical sense (human bodies) in a city, urban morphology and landuse, urban mobility, as well as economic activities and service provision. The goal is to answer the question on how and to what extent the pandemic might reshape the cities and what the potential post-pandemic urban scenarios are. The analysed urban phenomena are projected against major dichotomy of urban ghettos vs. urban commons. The former is defined as further social segregation and spatial isolation, whereas the latter is based on multiple ideas inspired by the original definition of a city by Lewis Mumford. The article is concluded with two basic, symbolic, and opposite scenarios highlighting the fact that the pandemic might have opened a window of opportunity for cities to rethink their development pathways and reinvent their cultural, as well as socio-economic role.
Zerdüştlük İnancına Sahip Olanlar İçin Tanrı Ahura Mazda’ya Uzanan Bir Yol: Ritüeller
Authors: ÖZSAĞIR Rabia
Published: May 2022

Ari toplulukların sahip olduğu birçok inanç sistemlerinden biri olan Zerdüştlük inancının kökeni MÖ VII-VI. yüzyıllara kadar dayanmaktadır. Kimi araştırmacılara göre Pers coğrafyasında yaşadığı düşünülen Zerdüşt’ün, inananları tarafından kendi adını taşıyan inanç sisteminin peygamberi olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Zerdüştlük inancının tanrısı ise Ahura Mazda’dır ve yapılan ritüellerin muhatabı da yine odur. Çok katmanlı ve sembolik anlamlar içeren birçok ritüeli barındıran Zerdüştlük, kendisine özgü ritüeller vasıtasıyla kuşaklar boyu manevi mirasını korumuş ve nihayetinde birtakım etkilere maruz kalsa da ritüeller vasıtasıyla modern dönemde bile varlığını sürdürmeye devam etmiştir. Eski Çağ’dan kalma bu arkaik inanç sisteminin adeta manevi mirası olan ritüeller Türkçe literatürde farklı çalışmalar içerisine dahil edilerek ele alınmış olsa da, bu çalışmada daha detaylı bir inceleme hedeflenmiştir. Bünyesinde çok fazla ritüeli barındıran Zerdüştlük inancında, toplumun bazı kesimleri tarafından uygulanan yahut istisnai durumlarda uygulanan ritüeller olmasına karşın bu çalışmada, Zerdüştlüğün en temel ritüelleri olan ve toplumun her kesiminin katılım gösterdiği ritüellerin nasıl gerçekleştirildiğine odaklanılmış, Türkçe ve İngilizce literatürde yer alan çalışmaların taranması yöntemiyle yazılmıştır.
Distinctive features of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and the level of dopamine in men of the European and Asian North
Authors: Tipisova E. V. , Molodovskaya I. N. , Alikina V. A. , Elfimova A. E.
Published: May 2022

In recent years, there has been a decrease in reproductive potential, especially among residents of the Arctic territories, having the greatest stress from various body systems, including the state of the hormonal regulation of the male reproductive system. The study of the dopamine levels and the content of sex hormones in the male population of various Arctic regions is relevant due to the increased stress on the part of the dopaminergic system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in residents of the Northern regions, as well as the lack of information about their interaction among the apparently healthy population. The aim of the investigation is to study the possible effect of various plasma concentrations of the dopamine on the content of sex hormones and sex-steroid-binding β-globulin (SHBG) in apparently healthy men in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, taking into account the territory of residence. There were examined 181 men aged 22-60 years, living in the territories of the European and Asian North. The levels of sex hormones, SHBG, and dopamine were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The inhabitants of the Asian North in comparison with the men of the European North have higher levels of dopamine, luteinizing hormone, progesterone, prolactin, estradiol and SHBG with decreased serum levels of free fractions of testosterone. Reference levels of dopamine in men from the European North are combined with the stimulatory effect of dopamine on LH levels, which may indicate an increase steroidogenesis. The high levels of dopamine in men from the Asian North are combined with increased level of estradiol, which may be related to the effect of dopamine on testosterone aromatization. The separate region with its ecological differences is characterized by the presence of features of compensatory-adaptive reactions of an organism in male representatives on the part of the dopaminergic system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. The identified features can help in carrying out preventive measures aimed at preserving the male reproductive potential of the inhabitants of the Arctic territories.
Immune and microbiological disorders in women with infectious and inflammatory pathology of the cervix
Authors: Omarova S. M. , Alieva A. I. , Isaeva R. I. , Akayeva F. S. , Mironov A. Yu. , Mitrokhin S. D.
Published: May 2022

Penetration into the female genital tract of infectious agents is associated with the cause of the onset of cervicitis. In most cases, these are sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). A high level of viral and bacterial load in the study of clinical material from women with infectious and inflammatory pathology (IVP) of the cervix affects the activity of innate immunity reactions. The total number of examined patients was 76 patients of reproductive age, of which 36 women with cervical IVP and 40 women made up the comparison group. The imbalance of microbiocenosis can be accompanied by immune and microbiological disorders. The aim of the study was to study immune and microbiological disorders in women with infectious and inflammatory pathology of the cervix. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were set: to identify the relationship between the expression level of TLR2 and TLR4 genes in the epithelial cells of the cervical canal of women in which UPM is determined. To determine the species spectrum and etiological significance of the microbiota of bacterial biofilm of the cervical mucosa in the pathogenesis of cervicitis in women of reproductive age. It has been established that the determination of indicators of innate immunity, such as interferons, in blood serum and the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 receptors, with the study of their balance, taking into account the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties in IVP of the cervix, has an important prognostic value. An increase in the level of the immune response in the form of hyperstimulation of antigens of IVP pathogens leads to the chronization of the inflammatory process in the urogenital tract, to scarring of tissues, which can play an important role in the development of infertility and termination of pregnancy in women of reproductive age.
GENDER ASPECTS OF INVOLVING MEDICAL STUDENTS IN RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
Authors: Karpenko Yu. Р.
Published: May 2022

The article deals with the main issues of the gender aspects during scientific research activities in educational institutions. The analysis of the latest publications on the introduction of gender equality in Ukrainian society is given, with special emphasis on the observance of gender culture in institutions of higher medical education. The purpose of the study is to analyze the involvement of future physicians in research activities on the basis of gender, the dentification of possible problems and measures of their correction. The main aspects of the conceptual apparatus of the definition of “gender” and “research” in modern conditions are outlined. The emphasis was placed on the importance of gender equality in education, for the training of a qualified medical worker, in particular a future doctor. The emphasis is placed on the use of certain forms and methods that promote gender equality in the involvement of students in research, such as participation in the work of scientific problem groups, subject club, environmental team, lecture group, research groups at general and clinical departments, volunteer teams, tutoring, interdisciplinary trainings, participation in scientific student conferences, student congresses. Such methods as creative and problem tasks, research work, conducting video experiments, performing experiments, writing abstracts, preparing projects, presentations, modeling, conducting business games during the “case-study” contribute to the implementation of the above forms. The examples of tasks performed by students in a medical institution are given. Summarizing the results obtained to determine the share of those involved in research activities, we may affirm that described forms and methods promote non-discrimination based on the sex of students. The small difference (5,08%) of those involved in research among boys and girls indicates that the attention should be focused on gender aspects during the educational process. As a future research we plan to provide an immersed study considering implementation of gender policy in the practical field of health care, in particular to outline the issue of equality in the management of isolated departments and medical institutions in general.
QUALIMETRIC APPROACH IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE METHODOLOGICAL SYSTEM FOR ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF TRAINING OF SPECIALISTS IN COLLEGES OF CONSTRUCTION PROFILE
Authors: Pashchenko T. M.
Published: May 2022

The article reveals the essence of the qualimetric approach and establishes its role in the procedures for assessing the quality of training in institutions of professional higher education. The conditions of reforming the system of domestic higher education, which is caused by increasing the requirements of society to the level of intellectual and moral development of university graduates, to their social and professional mobility are analyzed. It is noted that solving the problems of modernization of education is associated with the introduction of a competency-based approach, shifting the emphasis from subject-disciplinary and substantive aspects to the expected results of the educational process, expressed in terms of competencies. The article considers the concepts of “qualimetry”, “pedagogical qualimetry”, as well as its types, methods, components, principles of qualimetric approach, qualimetric quality indicators, which are directly related to the process of assessing the quality of education. The requirements to the organization of the assessment of the quality of training of specialists in institutions of professional higher education of construction profile are singled out. The expediency of using a qualimetric approach focused on measuring the quality of the analyzed pedagogical objects is substantiated for assessing the quality of training of specialists in institutions of professional higher education of construction profile. The set of principles of qualimetric approach to the system of quality assessment of training in construction colleges (principles of decomposition, priority, standardization, inequality, rationing, variety of diagnostic methods) is characterized. It is noted that for multifaceted quality control of training should be created diagnostic tools that meet the requirements of integrative and structured educational material included in them, which on a par with the assessment of knowledge, skills, assess the ability of students to creative activity. The considered aspects give grounds to claim that the implementation of the system of quality assessment of training in construction colleges from the standpoint of qualimetric approach will optimize the process of monitoring the formation of competencies of students of professional higher education.
Reconstructing burnt area during the Holocene: an Iberian case study
Authors: Shen Yicheng , Sweeney Luke , Liu Mengmeng , Lopez Saez Jose Antonio , Pérez-Díaz Sebastián , Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger Reyes , Gil-Romera Graciela , Hoefer Dana , Jiménez-Moreno Gonzalo , Schneider Heike , Prentice I. Colin , Harrison Sandy P.
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Charcoal accumulated in lake, bog or other anoxic sediments through time has been used to document the geographical patterns in changes in fire
regimes. Such reconstructions are useful to explore the impact of climate and vegetation changes on fire during periods when human influence was
less prevalent than today. However, charcoal records only provide semi-quantitative estimates of change in biomass burning. Here we derive
quantitative estimates of burnt area from vegetation data in two stages. First, we relate the modern charcoal abundance to burnt area using a
conversion factor derived from a generalised linear model of burnt area probability based on eight environmental predictors. Then, we establish the
relationship between fossil pollen assemblages and burnt area using tolerance-weighted weighted averaging partial least-squares regression with a sampling
frequency correction (fxTWA-PLS). We test this approach using the Iberian Peninsula as a case study because it is a fire-prone region with abundant
pollen and charcoal records covering the Holocene. We derive the vegetation–burnt area relationship using the 31 records that have both modern and
fossil charcoal and pollen data and then reconstruct palaeoburnt area for the 113 records with Holocene pollen records. The pollen data predict
charcoal-derived burnt area relatively well (R2 = 0.44), and the changes in reconstructed burnt area are synchronous with known climate
changes through the Holocene. This new method opens up the possibility of reconstructing changes in fire regimes quantitatively from pollen records,
after regional calibration of the vegetation–burnt area relationship, in regions where pollen records are more abundant than charcoal records.
Wind work at the air-sea interface: A Modeling Study in Anticipation of Future Space Missions
Authors: Torres Hector S. , Klein Patrice , Wang Jinbo , Wineteer Alexander , Qiu Bo , Thompson Andrew F. , Rodriguez Ernesto , Menemenlis Dimitris , Molod Andrea , Hill Christopher N. , Strobach Ehud , Zhang Hong , Flexas Mar , Perkovic-Martin Dragana
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Wind work at the air-sea interface is the transfer of kinetic energy between the ocean and the atmosphere and, as such, is an important part of the atmosphere-ocean coupled system. Since wind work involves winds and ocean currents that span a broad range of spatial and temporal scales, a comprehensive study would require access to observations of a wide range of space and time scales. In the absence of appropriate global observations, our study makes use of a new, global, coupled ocean-atmosphere simulation with horizontal grid spacing of 2–5 km for the ocean and 7 km for the atmosphere. Here we develop a methodology, both in physical and spectral space, to diagnose different components of wind work in terms of forcing distinct classes of oceanic motions, including mean currents, time-dependent large-scale currents and mesoscale eddies, and internal gravity waves such as near-inertial waves. The total simulated wind work has a magnitude of 5.21 TW, a value much larger than reported by previous modeling studies. The total wind work is first decomposed into time-mean and time-dependent components, with the former accounting for 2.23 TW (43 %) and the latter 2.98 TW (57 %). The time-dependent wind work is then decomposed into two components, a high-frequency component that forces internal gravity waves and a low-frequency component that forces mesoscale eddies and large-scale currents. The high-frequency component is positive at scales between 10 km and 1000 km and represents 75 % of the total time-dependent component. The low-frequency component is found to be positive for spatial scales larger than 275 km and ten times larger than the negative part associated with smaller spatial scales. The negative wind work acts as a surface drag that slows down surface currents and damps mesoscale eddies whereas the positive low-frequency part accelerates large-scale currents. The complex and consequential interplay of surface winds and currents in the numerical simulation motivates the need for a winds-and-currents satellite mission to directly observe these wind work components.