bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Éloge des colonies, des dissidences et des reprises
Authors: Abel Olivier
Published: September 2018

La condition coloniale (au sens où l’on parle de peuplements et de colonies en écologie) est universelle. C’est pourquoi il faut distinguer entre le colonialisme et les « colonies » de rescapés, de réfugiés, de dissidents. Nous sommes dans un temps de grandes migrations. Le propos est ici de suggérer aux uns qu’ils sont à leur tour des colons, aux autres qu’ils sont des indigènes ; que les colons ont des enfants qui seront ici chez eux, et que les indigènes ont des ancêtres qui étaient aussi des colons. Ce qu’il faudrait, ce serait décomplexer les uns et les autres dans la tâche commune de tisser une société décente. Déconstruisant les grands récits de la colonisation, de la décolonisation et de la créolisation, pour y montrer comment le pacte fondateur de nos sociétés peut se prendre en plusieurs acceptions, selon les théologies de la rupture et de la « nouvelle alliance », Olivier abel cherche à rappeler qu’il n’y a pas de nouvelle alliance qui ne remanie d’anciennes alliances toujours déjà là, qu’il ne faut pas oublier le décalage entre les anciens et les nouveaux venus, et qu’une alliance, un pacte, une prise mutuelle, un tissu social, ne tiennent que par le frottement. Il faut réapprendre à nous frotter.
Calvin et la connaissance naturelle de Dieu. Une relecture
Authors: Léchot Pierre-Olivier
Published: September 2018

Loin de défendre la possibilité d’une « théologie naturelle chrétienne », comme le prétendit Emil Brunner, Calvin n’en a pas pour autant rejeté toute idée d’une connaissance naturelle de Dieu, ainsi que l’affirma Karl Barth. En analysant dans le détail le développement des premiers chapitres de l’ Institution de 1559/1560, Pierre-Olivier Léchot entend montrer que Calvin postule bel et bien l’existence d’une « semence de religion » en tout être humain, y compris chez les pécheurs, et que ce concept joue un rôle central dans sa pensée. Il cherche ainsi à en expliciter le sens dans le contexte de l’œuvre du réformateur de Genève et trace quelques liens avec les réflexions théologiques des époques ultérieures à ce sujet.
Le Péri Parrhêsias de Philodème de Gadara et la parrhêsia dans les Actes des apôtres
Authors: Wiener Hélène
Published: September 2018

Le traité Péri Parrhêsias ( PHerc. 1471) de Philodème de Gadara représente une source majeure pour la compréhension de la parrhêsia épicurienne. En comparant la manière dont Luc utilise la parrhêsia avec celle de Philode me, il apparaît que la première s’appuie sur la seconde, tous les thèmes philodémiens étant présents dans quasiment toutes les péricopes lucaniennes. Néanmoins, Luc adapte la parrhêsia à son propre projet narratif, tout en lui donnant un rôle stratégique pour décrire l’expansion de l’Évangile jusqu’aux extrémités de la terre. La thèse traite toutes les péricopes lucaniennes contenant παρρησία ou παρρησιάσομαι. À titre d’exemple, nous mettons ici en exergue Ac 9,27.28.
La justice sociale par les statistiques ? Le cas des accidents d’attelage des wagons de chemins de fer (1923-1931)
Authors: Piguet Laure
Published: September 2018

À partir des négociations, qui se sont déroulées dans l’Europe de l’entre-deux-guerres, concernant l’opportunité d’installer l’attelage automatique – une innovation technologique destinée à mieux protéger les cheminots – sur les wagons de chemins de fer, cet article traite du rôle attribué aux statistiques du travail par l’Organisation internationale du travail. Bien que ces données aient été centrales dans l’action du Bureau international du travail, secrétariat de l’institution, leur production et leurs usages restent sous-étudiés. La mesure du risque encouru lors de la manœuvre d’accrochage des wagons devenant l’objet de conflits entre différents acteurs, ce cas permet notamment de mettre en lumière les obstacles rencontrés par l’institution pour internationaliser un savoir scientifique, les enjeux qui entourent l’élaboration de statistiques internationales et les limites de l’utilisation de données quantitatives dans le dialogue social.
Le parent pauvre de la gouvernance économique mondiale ? L’OIT face aux crises de 1929 et de 2008
Authors: Louis Marieke
Published: September 2018

L’Organisation internationale du travail (OIT) compte-t-elle dans l’élaboration des politiques économiques au niveau mondial ? Depuis sa création, l’institution entend s’inscrire au premier plan des débats économiques et sociaux, en participant aux grandes conférences économiques internationales. Cette participation débouche-t-elle pour autant sur une plus grande influence de l’Organisation ? À la veille de son centenaire, celle-ci est-elle condamnée à demeurer le « parent pauvre » de la gouvernance économique mondiale ? Cet article entend répondre à ces questions en comparant les réactions de l’OIT face à deux crises économiques majeures des XX e et XXI e  siècles : celle de 1929 et celle de 2008. Ces crises donnent à l’Organisation l’occasion de mettre en avant des propositions en matière de politique économique, relatives aux travaux publics dans l’entre-deux-guerres et au Pacte mondial pour l’emploi dans le contexte de la crise de 2008.
Promouvoir la santé au travail comme droit social (1919-1940) ?
Authors: Lespinet-Moret Isabelle
Published: September 2018

Au titre des principes fondateurs de justice sociale et d’universalité des droits sociaux liés au travail, et afin d’améliorer les conditions de travail et de préserver la santé des travailleurs, l’Organisation internationale du travail (OIT) se préoccupe d’hygiène industrielle, de maladies professionnelles, d’accidents du travail et d’exposition au danger industriel de certaines catégories de main-d’œuvre. La santé des travailleurs est conçue comme un bien commun, que l’OIT doit défendre par la réparation et la prévention. La politique du Bureau international du travail est d’en faire un droit social, au même titre que l’assurance sociale, la réduction du temps de travail ou le droit syndical. Les revendications ouvrières et syndicales d’un droit à la santé convergent avec les préoccupations du camp de la réforme sociale, inquiet des risques de délitement du corps social, mais se confrontent aux intérêts économiques de l’industrie, dans un contexte de reconstruction, de concurrence, de développement et de crise. La question doit se résoudre en un compromis politique.
L’OIT et le problème du sous-développement en Asie dans l’entre-deux-guerres
Authors: Plata-Stenger Véronique
Published: September 2018

Cet article offre un panorama de l’évolution des préoccupations et de l’action de l’Organisation internationale du travail (OIT) en Asie, région qui apparaît aux yeux de ses membres comme « arriérée ». L’une des préoccupations qui ont cristallisé les débats entre les puissances occidentales et les pays asiatiques dans l’entre-deux-guerres a été la compétition économique. L’OIT a été un forum important de discussions sur les moyens de lutter contre la compétition déloyale et d’intégrer tous les territoires dans l’économie internationale. Ce thème de la compétition économique met aussi en lumière le rôle de l’OIT dans la construction d’une représentation différenciée des problèmes du travail et du sous-développement, qui s’articule autour de l’impératif de modernisation de la production et de la planification, dans le but d’élever le niveau de vie des travailleurs. L’étude des modalités d’action de l’OIT en Asie invite ainsi à réfléchir sur les liens qui se tissent dès l’entre-deux-guerres entre justice sociale et développement international.
L’OIT, le Saint-Siège et les milieux catholiques africains et latino-américains dans les années 1950 et 1960
Authors: Zaragori Aurélien
Published: September 2018

À travers l’exemple de l’Amérique latine et de l’Afrique des années 1950 et 1960, il s’agit d’examiner la nouvelle convergence qui s’établit entre les milieux catholiques et l’Organisation internationale du travail (OIT), autour d’une conception actualisée de la justice sociale. Ces décennies sont d’abord l’objet d’un aggiornamento doctrinal, auquel certains milieux proches de l’OIT participent, et qui culmine avec le concile Vatican II, puis la publication de l’encyclique Populorum progressio . Sur le terrain, des collaborations se nouent entre acteurs catholiques et experts en développement envoyés par l’OIT. Dans le même temps, des représentants catholiques africains et latino-américains pèsent de plus en plus au sein des organes de l’Organisation. Des critiques surgissent cependant en fin de période contre une OIT jugée trop timorée et le soutien que semble lui apporter l’Église.
El proceso de secularización: apuntes sobre el cambio histórico de la religión a la ciencia
Authors: Santiago García Jóse A.
Published: September 2018

Este artículo se centra en una de las dimensiones del proceso de secularización: la secularización del conocimiento. En primer lugar, el artículo muestra las teorías clásicas de E. Durkheim y M. Weber sobre este proceso. En segundo lugar, se destacan algunas de las más importantes explicaciones que señalan la continuidad entre el saber sagrado y el saber secular. Por último, se propone una interpretación del proceso de secularización del conocimiento por medio del principio de la "heterogonía de los fines".
Equívocos de la solidaridad: Prácticas familiaristas en la construcción de la política social española
Authors: León Borja Margarita
Published: September 2018

El presente artículo analiza la importancia del familiarismo, definido como un posible rasgo de los Estados de bienestar, consistente en la atribución de obligaciones a la familia como proveedora de protección y seguridad, junto con el Estado y el mercado. La relación solidaridad-familiarismo se analiza fundamentalmente en función de sus repercusiones en las relaciones de género, tomando como referencia empírica el caso español, desde las primeras políticas de seguridad social del franquismo hasta la actualidad.
El diseño de un estado democrático federal viable
Authors: Ordeshook Peter C.
Published: September 2018

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar cuáles son las condiciones necesarias para diseñar un Estado democrático federal integrado y viable. Una de estas condiciones se refiere al sistema de partidos. Se requiere un sistema de partidos que propicie que los líderes locales o regionales sean parte del gobierno nacional. Para ello, lo más adecuado son partidos nacionales con una fuerte base regional. La segunda condición es una presidencia débil, que no pueda gobernar directamente sin contar con los líderes políticos regionales; tendrá que emplear el potencial integrador de su partido mediante el uso de lo que generalmente se denomina "liderazgo".
Numerical Modeling of Nanostructured Tube Produced by ECAP
Authors: Djavanroodi Faramarz , Almufadi Fahd
Published: September 2018

— tailoring material properties to specific application requirements is one of the major challenges in materials engineering. Grain size is a key factor affecting physical and mechanical properties of polycrystals materials. Grain size reduction in the metals and alloys can be achieved using Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) method. In this work, Nanostructure thin walled copper tube specimens with 1 mm wall thickness and 23mm diameter have been produced successfully with ECAP method using flexible polyurethane rubber pad to prevent the tube walls from collapsing. Furthermore, this paper details the development of a numerical simulation to analyse the fabrication of thin walled tube through ECAP process. A copper tube was pushed through a channel with a series of 90° bends. During each successive bend, the magnitude of plastic strains accumulate in the copper tube. A three dimensional numerical simulation was used to model the process and determine the extent of plastic deformation that takes place during each bend process. The numerical simulation was developed using the finite element (FE) code, ABAQUS V6.13, and analysed using the explicit solver.
The Influence of Building Envelop Materials on its Life Cycle Performance: A Case Study of Educational Building in Thailand
Authors: Thaipradit Pipat , Limphitakphong Nantamol , Kanchanapiya Premrudee , Tantisattayakul Thanapol , Chavalparit Orathai
Published: September 2018

The analysis of life cycle energy (LCE) and life cycle carbon (LCC) of building were performed in this study in order to identify the solutions for reducing energy-related carbon emission throughout building life time. The influence factors associated with building envelop materials (wall, insulation, window, window-to-wall ratio) were evaluated. The result showed that operation phase contributed a vast majority (>90%) of LCE and LCC. Only 4% emissions saving could be achieved if autoclaved aerated concrete block, cellulose insulation and triple glazing were implemented with WWR of 0.17. The finding suggested that reducing carbon emission should not only be prioritized through use of high energy efficient materials/technologies but should also integrate energy saving measures since energy demand in tropical country is quite high for cooling building. In addition, increasing a possibility and feasibility for supplying renewable energy should be further investigated importunately.
Materials Acceptable for Gas Sensor Design: Advantages and Limitations
Authors: Korotcenkov Ghenadii , Brinzari Vladimir , Ham M.H.
Published: September 2018

The comparisons of materials that can be used in gas sensors, as well as an analysis of their advantages and disadvantages for this application are carried out in this review article.
Effect of the Cyclic Extrusion and Compression Processing on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-1%Cu Alloy
Authors: Abdelaziem Walaa , Hamada Atef S. , Hassan Mohsen A.
Published: September 2018

The Simple Cyclic extrusion compression (SCEC) has been developed for producing Al-1%Cu alloys with fine microstructures and superior properties. SCEC method was applied for only two-passess.It was found that the grain structure was significantly reduced from 1500 μm to 100 μm after two passes of cyclic extrusion. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation to failure of as-cast alloy were 110 MPa and 12 %, respectively. However, the corresponding mechanical properties of the two pass CEC deformed alloy are 275 MPa and 35%, respectively. These findings ensure that a significant improvement in the grain structure has been achieved. In addition, cyclic extrusion deformation increased the surface hardness of the alloy by 50 % after two passes.
Optimization of Cutting Conditions for Turning of Ductile Materials to Achieve Favourable Chip Form
Authors: Belyakov Alexander , Mikhailov Stanislav , Kovelenov Nikolai , Danilov Sergey
Published: September 2018

A technique and supporting software were designed to select optimal conditions for turning of ductile materials. Selection of optimal cutting parameters is based on a number of process requirements, including achieving the favourable chip form.
Barium (Zinc) Borosilicate Sealing Glass and Joining Interface with YSZ Electrolyte and Crofer22APU Interconnect in SOFCs
Authors: Kingnoi Namthip , Ayawanna Jiratchaya , Laorodphan Nattapol
Published: September 2018

This work describes the performance of two glass-ceramic compositions, BaO-SiO2-B2O3 (Barium borosilicate glass: BaBS) and BaO-ZnO-SiO2-B2O3 (Barium zinc borosilicate glass: BaBS−Zn), used for joining YSZ ceramic electrolytes and Crofer22APU metallic interconnects in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) working at 800°C for 50 h. ZnO had a negative effect on the thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) value of the BaBS-Zn glass-ceramic. XRD and SEM results revealed the formation of rod-shaped barium zinc silicate crystalline phases in the BaBS-Zn glass, which was accompanied by cracks and poor adherence at the YSZ/BaBS-Zn joint interface after working at 800°C for 50 h. The formation of cracks parallel to the interface between the Crofer22APU interconnect and the BaBS-Zn glass-ceramic sealant was observed due to the severe TEC mismatch. The BaBS glass–ceramic adhered well to the YSZ electrolyte as well as the pre-oxidized Crofer22APU without cracks. Chromium oxide scale developed between the pre-oxidized Crofer22APU/BaBS glass-ceramic joint interface with increasing the pre-oxidation temperature. This study shows that BaBS glass-ceramic is more effective than BaBS-Zn as a sealant for joining YSZ electrolytes and Crofer22APU metallic interconnects in SOFCs working at 800°C for 50 h.
Stabilization of Foxp3 by Targeting JAK2 Enhances Efficacy of CD8 Induced Regulatory T Cells in the Prevention of Graft-versus-Host Disease
Authors: Iamsawat Supinya , Daenthanasanmak Anusara , Voss Jessica Heinrichs , Nguyen Hung , Bastian David , Liu Chen , Yu Xue-Zhong
Published: September 2018

CD8+ induced regulatory T cells (iTregs) have been identified to suppress alloreactive immune responses and expressed regulatory T cell (Treg) ontological markers as similar as CD4+ iTregs. However, adoptive transfer of CD8+ iTreg–based therapy is hampered by the instability of Treg specific-transcription factor, Foxp3. As CD8+ iTregs were previously demonstrated to possess superior tumor-killing ability to CD4+ iTregs, adoptive transfer of stabilized CD8+ iTregs would be a potential therapy to prevent tumor relapse during graft-versus-leukemia disease (GVHD) treatment. In the current study, we generated alloantigen reactive CD8+ iTregs from JAK2−/− T cells and adoptively transferred them to MHC-mismatched and haploidentical murine models of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. JAK2−/− CD8+ iTregs not only attenuated GVHD but also preserved graft-versus-leukemia effect. Mechanistic analysis revealed that JAK2−/− CD8+ iTregs upregulated natural Treg marker (neuropilin-1), and augmented DNA demethylation of CNS2 region within Foxp3 gene. These properties licensed JAK2−/− CD8+ iTregs to retain high Foxp3 expression resulting in less conversion to type 1 CTLs; as a result, JAK2−/− CD8+ iTregs were able to maintain their suppressive and cytolytic function. Thus, our findings provide a strong rationale and means to stabilize CD8+ iTregs by targeting JAK2, and the stabilized CD8+ iTregs exhibit therapeutic potential for alleviating GVHD and preserving the graft-versus-leukemia effect.
Role of computed tomography in diagnosis, follow-up, and minimally invasive treatment of acute pancreatitis
Authors: Bader Hazem A.M. , Abd El Azeem Asmaa S.
Published: September 2018

Background

Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas with variable involvement of other regional tissues or remote organ systems. It has a mild, self-limiting course in 80% of patients who recover without complications. The remaining patients have a severe disease with local and systemic complications, and this disease carries a mortality risk of 10–24%.

Objective

To examine the role of computed tomography (CT) in diagnosis, follow-up, and guided therapy in acute pancreatitis.

Patients and methods

The study was performed on 100 patients with acute pancreatitis from January 2014 to October 2016. There were 80 males and 20 females.

Inclusion criteria

Previously known acute pancreatitis attacks, clinically suspected acute pancreatitis, laboratory results suggesting acute pancreatitis, and patients with trauma with suspected pancreatic injury sequelae were the inclusion criteria. All patients were subjected to history taking; laboratory assessment, including serum amylase, lipase, creatinine levels, complete blood count, lipid profile (mainly triglyceride), and blood glucose; as well as CT scan to assess the pancreatic parenchyma, peripancreatic region, extrapancreatic ascites, pleural effusion, lung bases, and intestinal loops.

Results

The study included 100 patients whose age ranged from 9 to 83 years old, with a mean of 41.89 years. Overall, 80 (80%) patient were males and 20 (20%) patient were females. The CT showed sensitivity of 99.1% and specificity of 100% with positive predictive value of 100% and negative predictive value of 97% in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis.

Conclusion

Acute pancreatitis can be severe and life-threatening. Imaging is central in the identification of complications, and radiological scoring systems can predict prognosis. With the current move toward minimally invasive treatment, the role of image-guided therapy is increasing and the need for surgical intervention is decreasing. CT is playing a golden role in diagnosis, follow-up, and guided therapy of acute pancreatitis.
Urodynamic changes in females with refractory lower urinary tract symptoms
Authors: Shebl Salah E. , Hassan Rasha A. , Awad Refaat M.
Published: September 2018

Objectives

The study aims to evaluate the urodynamic changes in female patients with refractory lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) and to find the urodynamic changes associated with it. We also aim to diagnose the cause of refractory LUTS as it affects the quality of life.

Patients and methods

The current study included 80 female patients with refractory LUTS who underwent urodynamic evaluation (uroflowmetry, filling and voiding cystometry). Patient with previous anti-incontinence surgery, pregnancy, bladder tumor, bladder stone, haematuria, patients with ureteric stent, partial cystectomy, and cystocele were excluded from this study.

Results

The maximum flow rate (Q
max) was low in 41.9% of the patients who were complaining of storage symptoms (urgency, frequency, and nocturia). Increased sensation was reported in 67.5% of the patients. There is a strong positive correlation of increased sensation to urgency, frequency, nocturia, and nocturnal enuresis. Low maximum cystometric capacity (MCC) was reported in 52.5% of the patients. There was a strong positive correlation of decreased MCC to urgency, frequency, nocturia, and nocturnal enuresis. Detrusor overactivity (DO) was found in 57.5% of the patients. There was a statistically significant increase in DO among patients who complained of nocturia. Positive Valsalva stress test was seen in 28.6% of the patients with stress urinary incontinence. Respectively, storage symptoms were reported in 95%, voiding symptoms were reported in 5%, and bladder-outlet obstruction was reported in 10% of the patients.

Conclusion

Higher incidence of early sensation, low MCC, and DO is seen in patients with overactive bladder. There is a strong positive correlation between frequency and low Q
max. The urodynamic studies are complementary to patients’ symptoms, which can be useful to reach a more precise diagnosis and a more appropriate management plan.
Closed intubation with mitomycin C application for patients older than two years having nasolacrimal duct obstruction
Authors: Ziada Hossam Eldin A.
Published: September 2018

Purpose

The aim was to explore the safety and efficacy of silicon intubation with mitomycin C (MMC) in increasing the success rate of closed intubation in patients older than 2 years.

Patients and methods

This prospective study included thirty eyes of 24 consecutive patients with tearing and discharge owing to primary and acquired partial nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Their ages ranged from 2.5 to 40 years, and the male/female ratio was 10/14. Probing of nasolacrimal duct with silicone intubation (SI) (which is soaked in MMC 0.2 mg/ml for 2 min) was done in all cases, but it was abandoned if the resistance or obstruction was too difficult to overcome or if excessive bleeding or a hard blind bony pouch at the end of the nasolacrimal duct was detected. This occurred in five patients (5/35). In these patients, dacryocystorhinostomy was performed, and they were excluded from our study.

Results

The procedure was successful in 24 eyes and unsuccessful in six eyes. The success is defined as prevention of recurrence of duct obstruction after removal of silicon tubes 3±1.7 months from intubation. The mean age of the patients with unsuccessful outcomes was 22.4±3.4 years, whereas those with successful outcomes was 8.0±2.8 years, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.006). Sex (P>0.05) was not statistically different. No serious intraoperative and/or postoperative complications were observed.

Conclusion

The results of our prospective study showed that SI with MMC in patients with simple epiphora has a success rate of 80%. This success rate was achieved by other studies using SI alone but in younger age group. In our study, an older patient group was included with almost the same success rate. We can conclude that MMC application during SI does not appear to have additional benefit over SI alone in young children with simple epiphora, as shown in other studies by different authors, whereas the application of MMC during SI would result in better efficacy compared with SI alone in older age patients.
Impact of combining dexmedetomidine to ondansetron and dexamethasone for prophylaxis against postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic bariatric surgery
Authors: Sabra Mostafa M.
Published: September 2018

Background

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common and highly distressing following laparoscopic bariatric surgery. However, there is inadequate evidence regarding the impact of combining dexmedetomidine to dexamethasone and ondansetron. We aimed to study the impact of combining dexmedetomidine to dexamethasone and ondansetron in the prevention of PONV.

Patients and methods

Seventy-two adult patients scheduled for laparoscopic bariatric surgery were randomized in this double-blind study to receive either single dose of dexmedetomidine 1 µg/kg; ondansetron 4 mg; dexamethasone 8 mg (group D, n=36) or ondansetron 4 mg and dexamethasone 8 mg (group B, n=36), after induction of anaesthesia. Anaesthesia administration was performed similarly for both groups using a standard protocol. During the first 24 h postoperatively, the primary outcomes were the incidence of PONV. The severity of PONV and use of rescue antiemetic were the secondary outcomes. χ
2-Test and Student's t-test were utilized to evaluate significant differences in categorical and continuous variables.

Results

The incidence of PONV was significantly reduced in group D (13.9 vs. 52.8%, P<0.001). The severity of PONV was significantly lower in group D (34.22±10.48 vs. 62.50±13.34, P=0.03). Ondansetron consumption was reduced significantly during 24 h in group D (2.33±2.93 vs. 3.58±2.68, P=0.03).

Conclusion

Addition of dexmedetomidine to ondansetron and dexamethasone was efficacious in decreasing incidence, severity of PONV, and the total analgesic consumption during the first 24 h after laparoscopic bariatric surgery.
Impact of abnormal circadian blood pressure profile on left atrial function assessed by 2D speckle tracking echocardiography and its effect on the functional capacity of hypertensive patients
Authors: Ahmed Taghreed A. , Mohamed Layla A.
Published: September 2018

Background

The left atrial (LA) function has an important role in hypertension as it is strongly predictive of adverse cardiac events and death, assessment of the circadian blood pressure (BP) profile is more predictive than assessment of the office BP reading in estimating the cardiovascular risk. The 2D speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) provides more insight into early hypertension-induced LA dysfunction.

Aim

The aim of this work is to assess the impact of abnormal circadian BP profile on LA function using 2D-STE and its effect on functional capacity in hypertensive patient with preserved ejection fraction assessed by conventional echocardiography.

Patients and methods

This work included 60 consecutive hypertensive patients with preserved ejection fraction by conventional echocardiography [mean age 48±5 years and body surface area (BSA) 1.9±1.1] they were classified into two groups according to the data derived from 24 h ambulatory BP, group 1: dipper group that included 28 patients (mean age 48±8 years and BSA 1.9±0.1) and group 2: nondipper group that included 32 patients (mean age 50±6 years and BSA 1.9±0.09). All patients were evaluated by comprehensive 2D and Doppler echocardiographic techniques, TDI and 2D-STE, ambulatory BP, and stress. Myocardial perfusion imaging using treadmill exercise test was done to exclude coronary artery disease (CAD) and to assess the functional capacity.

Results

The results showed a statistically high significant decrease in the average peak left atrial global longitudinal strain in group 2 (the nondipper group) (group 1=26±4 vs. 20.4±3.5 in group 2, P<0.00), and a statistically significant decrease in the functional capacity parameter using treadmill metabolic equivalents (METs) in group 2 (group 1=7.3±1.4 vs. 6.2±0.8 in group 2, P<0.01) in comparison with group 1. Also we found a significant positive correlation between the average peak atrial longitudinal strain and the functional capacity assessed by treadmill stress test (r=0.424, P=0.05). There were no other significant differences between the two groups with respect to other LA parameters by conventional echo Doppler, TDI, and 2D-STE.

Conclusion

Abnormal circadian BP profile add more deleterious effect on LA function in hypertensive patients as detected by 2D-STE that denotes more decrease in functional capacity and worse cardiac events.
Double dimers, conformal loop ensembles and isomonodromic deformations
Authors: Dubédat Julien
Published: September 2018

The double-dimer model consists in superimposing two independent, identically distributed perfect matchings on a planar graph, which produces an ensemble of non-intersecting loops. In [20], Kenyon established conformal invariance in the small mesh limit by considering topological observables of the model parameterized by SL

_2 (\mathbb C)

representations of the fundamental group of the punctured domain. The scaling limit is conjectured to be CLE

_4

, the Conformal Loop Ensemble at

\kappa = 4

[36]. In support of this conjecture, we prove that a large subclass of these topological correlators converge to their putative CLE

_4

limit. Both the small mesh limit of the double-dimer correlators and the corresponding CLE

_4

correlators are identified in terms of the -functions introduced by Jimbo, Miwa and Ueno [14] in the context of isomonodromic deformations.
Replication to assess statistical adequacy
Authors: Owen P. Dorian
Published: September 2018

‘Statistical adequacy’ is an important prerequisite for securing reliable inference in empirical modelling. This paper argues for more emphasis on replication that specifically assesses whether the results reported in empirical studies are based on statistically adequate models, i.e., models with valid underpinning statistical assumptions that pass relevant diagnostic tests for misspecification. A replication plan is briefly outlined to illustrate what this would involve in practice in the context of a specific study by Acemoglu, Gallego and Robinson (Institutions, human capital, and development,Annual Review of Economics, 2014).
Avaliação da estratégia saúde da família sob a ótica dos profissionais
Authors: Gomes Maria Fernanda Pereira , Fracolli Lislaine Aparecida
Published: September 2018

Objetivo: Avaliar se os atributos essenciais e derivados da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) estão presentes na Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Métodos: Pesquisa avaliativa, quantitativa e descritiva, realizada em 21 municípios da região de Presidente Prudente (São Paulo, Brasil), no período de junho a setembro de 2015. Utilizou-se o instrumento Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCATool) para a coleta de dados, que permite avaliar as variáveis: Acesso de Primeiro Contato (acessibilidade e longitudinalidade), Coordenação (integração de cuidados e sistemas de informações) e Integralidade (serviços disponíveis, serviços prestados, orientação familiar e orientação comunitária). A construção dos escores e médias das variáveis realizou-se com o auxílio do Manual do Instrumento de Avaliação da Atenção Primária à Saúde, elaborado pelo Ministério da Saúde. Na análise estatística, construiu-se a média, o desvio padrão, o mínimo e o máximo das variáveis (atributos da APS). Resultados: Participaram 102 profissionais (19 gestores de saúde, 39 médicos e 44 enfermeiros), entre os quais a maioria possuía ensino superior (98%; n = 100), menos da metade possuía especialização em Saúde da Família (37,3%; n = 38) e curso de capacitação para trabalhar na ESF (48%; n = 49). Os atributos essenciais e derivados receberam os respectivos escores: Acesso de Primeiro Contato - Acessibilidade 5,57, Longitudinalidade: 7,71; Coordenação - Integração de cuidados 7,70, Sistemas de Informações 8,74; Integralidade - Serviços disponíveis 8,29, Serviços prestados 8,40, Orientação familiar 8,53, Orientação comunitária 8,12. Conclusão: Segundo a ótica dos profissionais médicos, enfermeiros e gestores, os atributos essenciais e derivados da APS, avaliados na ESF da região, estão presentes.
Práticas e percepções de educadores quanto ao aleitamento materno
Authors: Alcantara Pereira Bianca Da Silva , Bellafronte Elisangela , De Almeida Maria De Lourdes , Da Silva Rosane Meire Munhak , Sobrinho Reinaldo Antonio Silva , Zilly Adriana
Published: September 2018

Objetivo: Conhecer as práticas e percepções de profissionais da educação sobre o aleitamento materno. Métodos: Estudo exploratório e descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados ocorreu em 2015, com 19 profissionais da educação atuantes em berçários das creches de um município de fronteira do Sul do Brasil. Utilizou-se a técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo para organizar e tabular os dados qualitativos. Resultados: A construção dos discursos do sujeito coletivo permitiu visualizar que, na percepção das professoras, o aleitamento materno é considerado negativo e não há benefícios nessa prática para crianças matriculadas no berçário I, principalmente pela indisponibilidade da mãe em ir à creche. Deste modo, considerou-se o local como não sendo um bom lugar para mãe amamentar. A percepção da profissional sobre o aleitamento materno o coloca como uma barreira à sua prática profissional e, por isso, o ensino, a manutenção e a promoção à amamentação não ocorrem. Além disso, foram mencionadas dificuldades quanto à infraestrutura escolar para a implementação do aleitamento. Conclusão: As profissionais consideram que o aleitamento materno pode ser uma barreira à sua prática profissional, relatam as dificuldades existentes para essa prática e, efetivamente, não o incentivam.
Atenção multiprofissional ao idoso em condição crônica na Estratégia Saúde da Família
Authors: Ferreira Andressa Christiny da Silva , Mattos Magda De
Published: September 2018

Objetivo: Identificar a percepção da equipe multiprofissional sobre atenção à saúde dos idosos em condição crônica. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvida em duas Unidades de Saúde da Família localizadas em um município da região sul do estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil, com nove profissionais de saúde. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de fevereiro a julho de 2017, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. De acordo com a análise de conteúdo, emergiram duas categorias: “Conhecimento teórico sobre o idoso crônico” e “Vivenciando a prática na promoção e prevenção de agravos à saúde dos idosos”. Resultados: Os profissionais demonstraram conhecer os principais aspectos que envolvem a condição crônica do idoso, contudo a atenção multiprofissional à saúde do idoso na Estratégia de Saúde da Família é uma prática fragmentada no cuidado e na educação em saúde. Conclusão: A atenção multiprofissional ao idoso em condição crônica ainda necessita de um envolvimento paritário de todos os seus membros, e carece de um maior conhecimento teórico e envolvimento da equipe com observação sistemática da política de promoção à saúde do idoso, a fim de realizar um atendimento de qualidade a esse grupo etário.
Increased inorganic aerosol fraction contributes to air pollution and haze in China
Authors: Wang Yonghong , Wang Yuesi , Wang Lili , Petäjä Tuukka , Zha Qiaozhi , Gong Chongshui , Li Sixuan , Hu Bo , Xin Jinyuan , Kulmala Markku
Published: September 2018

Abstract. The detailed formation mechanism of increased number of haze events in China is still not very clear. Here, we found that reduced surface visibility and an increase in satellite derived columnar concentration of inorganic precursor concentrations are connected with each other. Typically higher inorganic mass fractions lead to increased aerosol water uptake and light scattering ability in elevated relative humidity. Satellite observation of aerosol precursors of NO2 and SO2 showed increased concentrations during study period. Our in-situ measurement of aerosol chemical composition in Beijing also confirmed increased contribution of inorganic aerosol fraction as a function of increased particle pollution level. Our investigations demonstrate that the increased inorganic fraction in the aerosol particles is a key component in the frequently occurring haze days during studying period, and particularly the reduction of nitrate, sulfate and their precursor gases would contribute towards better air quality in China.
Increase of dissolved inorganic carbon and decrease in pH in near-surface waters in the Mediterranean Sea during the past two decades
Authors: Merlivat Liliane , Boutin Jacqueline , Antoine David , Beaumont Laurence , Golbol Melek , Vellucci Vincenzo
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Two 3-year time series of hourly measurements of the fugacity of CO2
(fCO2) in the upper 10 m of the surface layer of the
northwestern Mediterranean Sea have been recorded by CARIOCA sensors almost
two decades apart, in 1995–1997 and 2013–2015. By combining them with the
alkalinity derived from measured temperature and salinity, we calculate
changes in pH and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). DIC increased in surface
seawater by ∼25 µmol kg−1 and fCO2
by 40 µatm, whereas seawater pH decreased by ∼0.04
(0.0022 yr−1). The DIC increase is about 15 % larger than expected
from the equilibrium with atmospheric CO2. This could result from natural
variability, e.g. the increase between the two periods in the frequency and
intensity of winter convection events. Likewise, it could be the signature of
the contribution of the Atlantic Ocean as a source of anthropogenic carbon to
the Mediterranean Sea through the Strait of Gibraltar. We then estimate that
the part of DIC accumulated over the last 18 years represents ∼30 % of the total inventory of anthropogenic carbon in the Mediterranean
Sea.
Phosphorus and carbon in soil particle size fractions – A global synthesis
Authors: Spohn Marie
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Despite the importance of phosphorus (P) as a macronutrient, the factors controlling storage of organic phosphorus (OP) in soils are not yet well understood. The objective of this meta-analysis was therefore to investigate the distribution of OP, organic carbon (OC), and inorganic P (IP) in particle size fractions depending on climate, latitude and land use, based on data from published studies. The clay size fraction contained on average 8.8 times more OP than the sand size fraction and 3.9 and 3.2 times more IP and OC, respectively. The OP concentrations of the silt size and clay size fractions were both most strongly correlated with mean annual temperature (MAT) (R2 = 0.30 and 0.31, respectively, p
Distributive rainfall/runoff modelling to determine runoff to baseflow
proportioning and its impact on the determination of the ecological reserve
Authors: Watson Andrew , Miller Jodie , Fink Manfred , Kralisch Sven , Fleischer Melanie , de Clercq Willem
Published: September 2018

Abstract. River systems that support high biodiversity profiles are conservation priorities world-wide. Understanding river eco-system thresholds to low flow conditions is important for the conservation of these systems. While climatic variations are likely to impact the streamflow variability of many river courses into the future, understanding specific river flow dynamics with regard to streamflow variability and aquifer baseflow contributions are central to the implementation of protection strategies. While streamflow is a measurable quantity, baseflow has to be estimated or calculated through the incorporation of hydrogeological variables. In this study, the groundwater components within the J2000 rainfall/runoff model were distributed to provide daily baseflow and streamflow estimates needed for ecological reserve determination. The modelling approach was applied to the RAMSAR-listed Verlorenvlei estuarine lake system on the west coast of South Africa which is under threat due to agricultural expansion and climatic fluctuations. The sub-catchment consists of four main tributaries, the Krom Antonies, Hol, Bergvallei and Kruismans. Of these, the Krom Antonies tributary was initially presumed the largest baseflow contributor, but was shown to have significant streamflow variability, attributed to the highly conductive nature of the Table Mountain Group sandstones and quaternary sediments. The Bergvallei tributary was instead identified as the major contributor of baseflow. The Hol tributary was the least susceptible to streamflow fluctuations due to the higher baseflow proportion (56 %), as well as the dominance of less conductive Malmesbury shales which underlie this tributary. The estimated flow exceedance probabilities indicated that during the wet cycle (2007–2017) the average inflow supported the evaporative demands if the lake was at 40 % capacity, while during the dry cycle (1997–2008), only 15 % of the lake’s capacity would be met. The exceedance probabilities estimated in this study suggest that inflows from the four main tributaries are not enough to support the lake during dry cycles, with the evaporation demand of the entire lake being met only 38 % of the time. This study highlighted the importance of low occurrence events for filling up the lake, allowing for regeneration of lake supported ecosystems. While the increased length of dry cycles are likely to result in the lake drying up more frequently, it is important to ensure that water resources are not overallocated during wet cycles, hindering ecosystem regeneration and prolonging the length of these dry cycle conditions.
O programa Nacional de Educação na Reforma Agrária (PRONERA): uma política pública para a democratização do estado no Brasil
Authors: Ferreira Diniz Daise , Franco Lerrer Débora
Published: September 2018

O Programa Nacional de Educação na Reforma Agrária PRONERA é uma política pública do governo federal que tem por objetivo promover ações educativas nas regiões de Reforma Agrária a partir de cursos voltados para a realidade do meio rural através de uma gestão participativa e compartilhada. O presente artigo tem por finalidade dissertar sobre a trajetória do Programa Nacional de Educação na Reforma Agrária (PRONERA) demonstrando como sua operacionalização contribui para a democratização do Estado no Brasil pelo seu caráter participativo, característica fundacional do programa que deve ser constantemente reatualizada.
A prática da leitura, o exemplo e a educação moral na escola primária
Authors: Ari Andrade Francisco
Published: September 2018

O presente artigo destaca uma prática de leitura, proposta pela professora primária Ana Facó (1855-1926), na cidade de Fortaleza, no começo do século XX. O objetivo do estudo é demonstrar a aplicação do método intuitivo na sala de aula, por meio da leitura de um conto, no qual o exemplo apresentado visava à educação moral dos alunos. Nos aspectos metodológicos, o estudo utilizou o jornal como fonte. No setor hemeroteca, da biblioteca pública estadual, no setor de microfilmagem, foi localizada uma série de nove contos publicada na coluna Escola, intitulada “Minha Palmatória – para crianças”, em edições diferentes do Jornal do Ceará, no período de maio a junho de 1907. Embora conservadora, porque previa o controle das crianças e a manutenção da ordem social, tal estudo é relevante pela influência da pedagogia de J. H. Pestalozzi (1746-1827), na questão da educação moral na escola primária.
Entre versos, rimas e poesias: percursos de escolarização e experiências cordelísticas de poetas pouco escolarizados
Authors: Rianna de Melo July , Da Silva Alexsandro
Published: September 2018

Objetivamos investigar percursos de escolarização e experiências cordelísticas de três poetas pouco escolarizados, residentes no Agreste Pernambucano. Utilizamos a entrevista semiestruturada, cujos dados foram tratados à luz da análise temática de conteúdo. Os resultados evidenciaram que, no tocante aos percursos de escolarização, os cordelistas apresentavam relatos muito semelhantes, sobretudo no que se refere aos seus processos de alfabetização na instituição escolar. Os pais dos poetas não tiveram acesso à escola e o cordel continuava sendo, para os entrevistados, o principal objeto de leitura. Além disso, o fato de os depoentes terem sido comerciantes de cordéis, quando jovens, teve um papel decisivo, tanto no conhecimento que eles tinham sobre o gênero discurso que produziam (no caso, o cordel), quanto na formação profissional como poeta.
Leitura e formação de professores no brasil: um tema sempre entre "nós"
Authors: Escotto do Amaral Ribeiro Amélia , Do Amaral Ribeiro Alexandre
Published: September 2018

A leitura no contexto da educação brasileira se mostra como uma questão sempre presente e se renova sob diferentes formas e enfoques, permanecendo, porém, sempre atual e entre “nós”. Com base nesse fato e inspirando-se nos princípios do paradigma indiciário da pesquisa (GINZBURG, 1979), este texto discute a leitura como eixo organizador da formação de professores no Brasil, apontando as diferentes formas como as discussões no campo da educação têm contemplado essa temática. Toma como eixo para a organização das reflexões apresentadas, as ideias sobre a essencialidade da leitura na formação de professores a partir da análise das contribuições do I Congresso de História da Leitura no Brasil (1998). Ratifica-se que a leitura ainda é uma questão inconclusa no contexto da educação brasileira e que, para muitos professores, embora reconheçam a sua importância, é possível negligenciá-la como prática cotidiana.
Sobre crânios, idiomas e artefatos indígenas: o colecionismo e a história natural na viagem de Johann Natterer ao Brasil (1817-1835)
Authors: De Cássia Melo Santos Rita
Published: September 2018

O presente artigo busca explorar as práticas colecionistasde crânios, idiomas e artefatos indígenas empreendidas porJohann Natterer em sua viagem ao Brasil (1817-1835).Realizada no âmbito da comissão científica austríaca (maiorempreendimento científico até então realizado), Nattererfoi pioneiro na formação de coleções na região do MatoGrosso e Rio Negro. Dada a dimensão de sua viagem, para oartigo apresentado foram selecionados três grandes conjuntosde situações etnográficas que permitem refletir sobre o usogeneralizado da categoria ‘naturalista’ para indexar coleçõescoproduzidas por uma rede de atores sociais desigualmenteposicionados socialmente: indígenas (livres e escravos), chefesde milícias, tenentes, governadores de província etc. Além depluralizar a categoria ‘naturalista’, o artigo se propõe aindaa pensar as conexões entre o colecionismo no âmbito daHistória Natural e a etnografia.
O Egito entre o Islã e o liberalismo: a trajetória constitucional de um Estado híbrido
Authors: De Paiva Fernandes Márcia , Normanha Ribeiro de Almeida Frederico
Published: September 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a expansão da dimensãoreligiosa na política do Egito com a adoção da Constituiçãode 1971 e como ela foi alterada nas Constituições de 2012e de 2014. Para tanto, são apresentadas a proposta política datradição islâmica, bem como a da liberal, e as maneiras pelasquais ambas passaram a conviver no Egito, conferindo ao paísum aspecto híbrido. Em seguida, uma síntese da trajetóriaconstitucional egípcia de 1923 a 1964 é exposta, e, logo após, éfeita a análise das Constituições acima mencionadas. Por fim, asconsiderações finais mostram os impactos da manipulação dadimensão religiosa nos documentos constitucionais egípciose como ela é instrumentalizada para o alcance de objetivospolíticos.