bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increased flooded area and exposure in the White Volta river basin in Western Africa, identified from multi-source remote sensing data
Authors: Li Chengxiu , Dash Jadunandan , Asamoah Moses , Sheffield Justin , Dzodzomenyo Mawuli , Gebrechorkos Solomon Hailu , Anghileri Daniela , Wright Jim
Published: March 2022

Accurate information on flood extent and exposure is critical for disaster management in data-scarce, vulnerable regions, such as Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, uncertainties in flood extent affect flood exposure estimates. This study developed a framework to examine the spatiotemporal pattern of floods and to assess flood exposure through utilization of satellite images, ground-based participatory mapping of flood extent, and socio-economic data. Drawing on a case study in the White Volta basin in Western Africa, our results showed that synergetic use of multi-temporal radar and optical satellite data improved flood mapping accuracy (77% overall agreement compared with participatory mapping outputs), in comparison with existing global flood datasets (43% overall agreement for the moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) Near Real-Time (NRT) Global Flood Product). Increases in flood extent were observed according to our classified product, as well as two existing global flood products. Similarly, increased flood exposure was also observed, however its estimation remains highly uncertain and sensitive to the input dataset used. Population exposure varied greatly depending on the population dataset used, while the greatest farmland and infrastructure exposure was estimated using a composite flood map derived from three products, with lower exposure estimated from each flood product individually. The study shows that there is considerable scope to develop an accurate flood mapping system in SSA and thereby improve flood exposure assessment and develop mitigation and intervention plans.
Effect of Lemna minor supplemented diets on growth, digestive physiology and expression of fatty acids biosynthesis genes of Cyprinus carpio
Authors: Goswami Ravi Kumar , Sharma JaiGopal , Shrivastav Avanish Kumar , Kumar Guddu , Glencross Brett D. , Tocher Douglas R. , Chakrabarti Rina
Published: March 2022

The potential nutritional value of duckweed Lemna minor (Lemnaceae) was evaluated for common carp Cyprinus carpio fry. Fish were fed diets containing five graded levels of duckweed: 0% (LM0, control), 5% (LM5), 10% (LM10), 15% (LM15) and 20% (LM20). The final weight and specific growth rate were significantly higher in LM15 and LM20 diets fed fish compared to others. Feed conversion ratio was minimum in fish fed diet LM20. Amylase activity was significantly higher in LM0 treatment. Total protease, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities showed linear relationships with the increased level of duckweed in the diet. Protein and essential amino acids contents were significantly higher in carp fed diets LM15 and LM20 compared to others. Lipid content was significantly higher in fish fed duckweed-based diets compared to control. A direct relationship was found between the inclusion level of duckweed in the diet and n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) content of carp. Contents of desaturated and elongated products of dietary linolenic acid (18:3n-3) including 20:4n-3, 20:5n-3, 22:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 increased in a graded manner with increasing dietary duckweed. The monounsaturated fatty acids and n-6 PUFA contents reduced significantly in fish fed duckweed. Expression of fads2d6, elovl2, elovl5 and fas were higher in carp fed diets LM10, LM15 and LM20 compared to control fish. The inclusion of L. minor in diet enhanced the nutritional value of carp by increasing protein, lipid, amino acids and n-3 PUFA contents.
Personalized wearable electrodermal sensing-based human skin hydration level detection for sports, health and wellbeing
Authors: Liaqat Sidrah , Dashtipour Kia , Rizwan Ali , Usman Muhammad , Shah Syed Aziz , Arshad Kamran , Assaleh Khaled , Ramzan Naeem
Published: March 2022

Personalized hydration level monitoring play vital role in sports, health, wellbeing and safety of a person while performing particular set of activities. Clinical staff must be mindful of numerous physiological symptoms that identify the optimum hydration specific to the person, event and environment. Hence, it becomes extremely critical to monitor the hydration levels in a human body to avoid potential complications and fatalities. Hydration tracking solutions available in the literature are either inefficient and invasive or require clinical trials. An efficient hydration monitoring system is very required, which can regularly track the hydration level, non-invasively. To this aim, this paper proposes a machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) enabled hydration tracking system, which can accurately estimate the hydration level in human skin using galvanic skin response (GSR) of human body. For this study, data is collected, in three different hydration states, namely hydrated, mild dehydration (8 hours of dehydration) and extreme mild dehydration (16 hours of dehydration), and three different body postures, such as sitting, standing and walking. Eight different ML algorithms and four different DL algorithms are trained on the collected GSR data. Their accuracies are compared and a hybrid (ML+DL) model is proposed to increase the estimation accuracy. It can be reported that hybrid Bi-LSTM algorithm can achieve an accuracy of 97.83%.
Investigation of bacterial diversity using 16S rRNA sequencing and prediction of its functionalities in Moroccan phosphate mine ecosystem
Authors: Azaroual Salah Eddine , Kasmi Yassine , Aasfar Abderrahim , El Arroussi Hicham , Zeroual Youssef , El Kadiri Youssef , Zrhidri Abdelali , Elfahime Elmostafa , Sefiani Abdelaziz , Meftah Kadmiri Issam
Published: March 2022

Native plants in extreme environments may harbor some unique microbial communities with particular functions to sustain their growth and tolerance to harsh conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the bacterial communities profiles in some native plants and samples of the Moroccan phosphate mine ecosystem by assessing the percentages of taxonomic identification using six hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA. The rhizosphere of the three wild plants in the Moroccan phosphate mine is characterized by interesting bacterial diversity including Proteobacteria (62.24%, 71.15% and 65.61%), Actinobacteria (22.53%, 15.24%, 22.30%), Bacteroidetes (7.57%; 4.23%; 7.63%), and Firmicutes (5.82%; 1.17%; 2.83%). The bulk phosphate mine samples were dominated by Actinobacteria with average relative abundance of 97.73% that are different from those inferred in the rhizosphere samples of the native plants. The regions V3, V4 and V67 performed better in the taxonomic profiling at different taxonomic levels. Results indicated that both plant genotype and mainly soil conditions may be involved in the shaping of bacterial diversity. Such indication was also confirmed by the prediction of functional profiles that showed enrichment of many functions related to biological nitrogen fixation in the rhizosphere of native plants and the stress related functions in the bulk phosphate mine in comparison with the wheat rhizosphere samples.
Predicting subjective refraction with dynamic retinal image quality analysis
Authors: Gil Andrea , Hernández Carlos S. , Nam Ahhyun Stephanie , Varadaraj Varshini , Durr Nicholas J. , Lim Daryl , Dave Shivang R. , Lage Eduardo
Published: March 2022

The aim of this work is to evaluate the performance of a novel algorithm that combines dynamic wavefront aberrometry data and descriptors of the retinal image quality from objective autorefractor measurements to predict subjective refraction. We conducted a retrospective study of the prediction accuracy and precision of the novel algorithm compared to standard search-based retinal image quality optimization algorithms. Dynamic measurements from 34 adult patients were taken with a handheld wavefront autorefractor and static data was obtained with a high-end desktop wavefront aberrometer. The search-based algorithms did not significantly improve the results of the desktop system, while the dynamic approach was able to simultaneously reduce the standard deviation (up to a 15% for reduction of spherical equivalent power) and the mean bias error of the predictions (up to 80% reduction of spherical equivalent power) for the handheld aberrometer. These results suggest that dynamic retinal image analysis can substantially improve the accuracy and precision of the portable wavefront autorefractor relative to subjective refraction.
Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern elicited by the comirnaty COVID-19 vaccine in nursing home residents
Authors: Sánchez-Sendra Beatriz , Albert Eliseo , Zulaica Joao , Torres Ignacio , Giménez Estela , Botija Pilar , Beltrán María José , Rodado Celia , Geller Ron , Navarro David
Published: March 2022

Immunosenescence may impact the functionality and breadth of vaccine-elicited humoral immune responses. The ability of sera to neutralize the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S) from Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Epsilon variants of concern (VOCs) relative to the ancestral Wuhan-Hu-1 strain was compared in Comirnaty COVID-19-vaccinated elderly nursing home residents, either SARS-CoV-2 naïve (n = 22) or experienced (n = 8), or SARS-CoV-2 naïve younger individuals (n = 18) and non-vaccinated individuals who recovered from severe COVID-19 (n = 19). In all groups, except that including SARS-CoV-2-experienced nursing home residents, some participants lacked NtAb against one or more VOCs, mainly the Beta variant (15–20%). Serum NtAb titers were lowest against the Beta variant followed by Gamma, Delta and Epsilon variants. Overall, fold change reduction in NtAb titers relative to the ancestral strain was greatest for the Beta variant (6.7–19.4) followed by Gamma (4.8–16.0), Epsilon (2.9–13.4), and Delta (3.5–6.5) variants, although subtle differences were observed for Beta, Epsilon and Delta variants across comparison groups. In summary, older age, frailty, and concurrence of co-morbidities had no major impact on the serum NtAb activity profile against SARS-CoV-2 VOCs.
Mitochondrial dysfunction-induced high hCG associated with development of fetal growth restriction and pre-eclampsia with fetal growth restriction
Authors: Kiyokoba Ryo , Uchiumi Takeshi , Yagi Mikako , Toshima Takahiro , Tsukahara Shigehiro , Fujita Yasuyuki , Kato Kiyoko , Kang Dongchon
Published: March 2022

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) and pre-eclampsia with fetal growth restriction (PE/FGR) are high-risk perinatal diseases that may involve high levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and mitochondrial dysfunction. However, little is known about how these factors affect placental function. We investigated how mitochondrial dysfunction and high hCG expression affected placental function in unexplained FGR and PE/FGR. We observed elevated expression of hCGβ and growth differentiation factor 15 mRNA and protein levels in the placenta with both diseases. Likewise, antiangiogenic factors, such as Ang2, IP10, sFlt1, IL8, IL1B, and TNFα, were also upregulated at the mRNA level. In addition, the expression of COXI and COXII which encoded by mitochondrial DNA were significantly decreased in both diseases, suggesting that mitochondrial translation was impaired. Treatment with hCG increased Ang2, IP10, IL8, and TNFα mRNA levels in a dose-dependent manner via the p38 and JNK pathways. Mitochondrial translation inhibitors increased hCGβ expression through stabilization of HIF1α, and increased IL8 and TNFα mRNA expression. These results revealed that high expression of hCG due to mitochondrial translational dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of FGR and PE/FGR.
Time pressure changes how people explore and respond to uncertainty
Authors: Wu Charley M. , Schulz Eric , Pleskac Timothy J. , Speekenbrink Maarten
Published: March 2022

How does time pressure influence exploration and decision-making? We investigated this question with several four-armed bandit tasks manipulating (within subjects) expected reward, uncertainty, and time pressure (limited vs. unlimited). With limited time, people have less opportunity to perform costly computations, thus shifting the cost-benefit balance of different exploration strategies. Through behavioral, reinforcement learning (RL), reaction time (RT), and evidence accumulation analyses, we show that time pressure changes how people explore and respond to uncertainty. Specifically, participants reduced their uncertainty-directed exploration under time pressure, were less value-directed, and repeated choices more often. Since our analyses relate uncertainty to slower responses and dampened evidence accumulation (i.e., drift rates), this demonstrates a resource-rational shift towards simpler, lower-cost strategies under time pressure. These results shed light on how people adapt their exploration and decision-making strategies to externally imposed cognitive constraints.
AI-enabled photonic smart garment for movement analysis
Authors: Avellar Leticia , Stefano Filho Carlos , Delgado Gabriel , Frizera Anselmo , Rocon Eduardo , Leal-Junior Arnaldo
Published: March 2022

Smart textiles are novel solutions for remote healthcare monitoring which involve non-invasive sensors-integrated clothing. Polymer optical fiber (POF) sensors have attractive features for smart textile technology, and combined with Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms increase the potential of intelligent decision-making. This paper presents the development of a fully portable photonic smart garment with 30 multiplexed POF sensors combined with AI algorithms to evaluate the system ability on the activity classification of multiple subjects. Six daily activities are evaluated: standing, sitting, squatting, up-and-down arms, walking and running. A k-nearest neighbors classifier is employed and results from 10 trials of all volunteers presented an accuracy of 94.00 (0.14)%. To achieve an optimal amount of sensors, the principal component analysis is used for one volunteer and results showed an accuracy of 98.14 (0.31)% using 10 sensors, 1.82% lower than using 30 sensors. Cadence and breathing rate were estimated and compared to the data from an inertial measurement unit located on the garment back and the highest error was 2.22%. Shoulder flexion/extension was also evaluated. The proposed approach presented feasibility for activity recognition and movement-related parameters extraction, leading to a system fully optimized, including the number of sensors and wireless communication, for Healthcare 4.0.
Exposome-wide ranking of modifiable risk factors for cardiometabolic disease traits
Authors: Poveda Alaitz , Pomares-Millan Hugo , Chen Yan , Kurbasic Azra , Patel Chirag J. , Renström Frida , Hallmans Göran , Johansson Ingegerd , Franks Paul W.
Published: March 2022

The present study assessed the temporal associations of ~ 300 lifestyle exposures with nine cardiometabolic traits  to identify exposures/exposure groups that might inform lifestyle interventions for the reduction of cardiometabolic disease risk. The analyses were undertaken in a longitudinal sample comprising > 31,000 adults living in northern Sweden. Linear mixed models were used to assess the average associations of lifestyle exposures and linear regression models were used to test associations with 10-year change in the cardiometabolic traits. ‘Physical activity’ and ‘General Health’ were the exposure categories containing the highest number of ‘tentative signals’ in analyses assessing the average association of lifestyle variables, while ‘Tobacco use’ was the top category for the 10-year change association analyses. Eleven modifiable variables showed a consistent average association among the majority of cardiometabolic traits. These variables belonged to the domains: (i) Smoking, (ii) Beverage (filtered coffee), (iii) physical activity, (iv) alcohol intake, and (v) specific variables related to Nordic lifestyle (hunting/fishing during leisure time and boiled coffee consumption). We used an agnostic, data-driven approach to assess a wide range of established and novel risk factors for cardiometabolic disease. Our findings highlight key variables, along with their respective effect estimates, that might be prioritised for subsequent prediction models and lifestyle interventions.
Alternate gene expression profiling of monoterpenes in Hymenocrater longiflorus as a novel pharmaceutical plant under water deficit
Authors: Saed-Moucheshi Armin , Mozafari Ali Akbar
Published: March 2022

Hymenocrater longiflorus (surahalala) is a wild plant species with potential pharmaceutical and ornamental interest. To date, the genomics of this plant is unknown and the gene expression profiling of the genes related to its metabolite has never been studied before. In order to study the responses of in vitro-grown surahalala plants to abiotic stresses and the differential expression of the genes related to its essential oils under exogenous proline application; three levels of PEG600 (0, 10, and 20%) and five levels of proline (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 µm) were combined in the culture media. Thus, water deficit increased oxidants levels and decreased fresh weight of surahalala tissues, whereas addition of proline up to 15 µm was able to relatively compensate the negative effect of water deficit. Contrarily, high proline level (20 µm) had a negative effect on surahalala plants probably due to the stress simulation (nutrition) under high proline concentration. In addition, the best combination for achieving highest essential oils content was 10 µm proline plus 10% PEG. The expressional profiling of the genes TPS27, L3H, TPS2, TPS1, OMT and GDH3 were successfully carried out and their involvement in 1,8-cineole, carvone, α-pinene, thymol, estragole and β-Citronellol biosynthesis, respectively, was verified. In addition, our results indicated that these genes could also be involved in the synthesis of other metabolites under water deficit condition.
Early IFN-β administration protects cigarette smoke exposed mice against lethal influenza virus infection without increasing lung inflammation
Authors: Wu Wenxin , Tian Lili , Zhang Wei , Booth J. Leland , Ritchey Jerry William , Wu Shuhua , Xu Chao , Brown Brent R. , Metcalf Jordan P.
Published: March 2022

During influenza A virus (IAV) infection, it is unclear whether type I interferons (IFNs) have defensive antiviral effects or contribute to immunopathology in smokers. We treated nonsmoking (NS) and cigarette smoke (CS)-exposed mice intranasally with early (prophylactic) or late (therapeutic) IFN-β. We compared the mortality and innate immune responses of the treated mice following challenge with IAV. In NS mice, both early and late IFN-β administration decreased the survival rate in mice infected with IAV, with late IFN-β administration having the greatest effect on survival. In contrast, in CS-exposed mice, early IFN-β administration significantly increased survival during IAV infection while late IFN-β administration did not alter mortality. With regards to inflammation, in NS mice, IFN-β administration, especially late administration, significantly increased IAV-induced inflammation and lung injury. Early IFN-β administration to CS-exposed mice did not increase IAV-induced inflammation and lung injury as occurred in NS mice. Our results demonstrate, although IFN-β administration worsens the susceptibility of NS mice to influenza infection with increased immunopathology, early IFN-β administration to CS-exposed mice, which have suppression of the intrinsic IFN response, improved outcomes during influenza infection.
Research on security risk assessment mechanism of important event based on multi-source data
Authors: Wang Qilei
Published: March 2022

In order to effectively assess all types of security risks in the important event, the important decision-making basis for security risk warning and emergency management of important event is provided by analyzing the coupling relationship and evolution mechanism between various risks. The criminal causes, management defects, security and emergency system construction are analyzed from the possibility of accidents and risks. The multi-source data risk assessment system based on five subsystems and its index set of human factors, management factors, site factors, event factors and audit factors are proposed. The weight of each index in the assessment system is determined by the method of information entropy, and then the risk grade of important event is determined according to the weight calculation function and the improved fuzzy matter element model. The verification with an example shows that: the risk assessment model is optimized by combining entropy weight with fuzzy matter-element model, the influence of weight data extreme value was weakened, the qualitative description and quantitative analysis of multi-source data could be combined, and the subjective error was reduced. The risk grade of important event is reasonably evaluated, and the assessment effect is basically consistent with the expert inspection analysis, which shows that the method had certain application value.
S-SCAM inhibits Axin-dependent synaptic function of GSK3β in a sex-dependent manner
Authors: Kearney Gillian , Grau David , Nieves Torres Damaris , Shin Seung Min , Lee Sang H.
Published: March 2022

S-SCAM/MAGI-2 gene duplication is associated with schizophrenia (SCZ). S-SCAM overexpression in the forebrain induces SCZ-like phenotypes in a transgenic (Tg) mouse model. Interestingly, S-SCAM Tg mice show male-specific impairments in synaptic plasticity and working memory. However, mechanisms underlying the sex-specific deficits remain unknown. Here we report that S-SCAM Tg mice have male-specific deficits in synaptic GSK3β functions, as shown by reduced synaptic protein levels and increased inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK3β. This GSK3β hyper-phosphorylation was associated with increased CaMKII activities. Notably, synaptic levels of Axin1, to which GSK3β binds in competition with S-SCAM, were also reduced in male S-SCAM Tg mice. We demonstrated that Axin-binding is required for the S-SCAM overexpression-induced synaptic GSK3β reduction. Axin stabilization using XAV939 rescued the GSK3β deficits and restored the temporal activation of GSK3β during long-term depression in S-SCAM overexpressing neurons. Interestingly, synaptic Axin2 levels were increased in female S-SCAM Tg mice. Female sex hormone 17β-estradiol increased Axin2 expression and increased synaptic GSK3β levels in S-SCAM overexpressing neurons. These results reveal the role of S-SCAM in controlling Axin-dependent synaptic localization of GSK3β. Moreover, our studies point out the pathological relevance of GSK3β hypofunction found in humans and contribute to understanding the molecular underpinnings of sex differences in SCZ.
DNA hybridization-induced fluorescence variation in ThT: a new strategy of developing aqueous sensors for MO genes
Authors: Ma Yunkang , Wu Chenhui , Yang Wenjie , Gao Zhigang , Chen Lihua
Published: March 2022

MOFs-based sensors for detecting the Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (MO) using binding-induced dynamic DNA assembly exhibits perfect selectivity, low detection limitation and wide linear range not only in buffer, but also in natural complex media.
Investigation and comparison of resin materials in transparent DLP-printing for application in cell culture and organs-on-a-chip
Authors: Fritschen Anna , Bell Alena K. , Königstein Inga , Stühn Lukas , Stark Robert W. , Blaeser Andreas
Published: March 2022

Transparent, cytocompatible and high resolution 3D-DLP-printing offers new opportunities in cell culture and organs-on-a-chip.
Tailored therapeutic release from polycaprolactone-silica hybrids for the treatment of osteomyelitis: antibiotic rifampicin and osteogenic silicates
Authors: Gritsch Lukas , Granel Henri , Charbonnel Nicolas , Jallot Edouard , Wittrant Yohann , Forestier Christiane , Lao Jonathan
Published: March 2022

Polycaprolactone/silica hybrids offer a dual therapeutic effect: the promotion of bone regeneration thanks to silicate ions and strong antibacterial properties against the risk of osteomyelitis.
Chiral mesostructured hydroxide zinc carbonate for enantioseparation in high performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Li Lin , Liu Zexi , Han Lu , Che Shunai , Duan Yingying
Published: March 2022

This article reports a stationary phase with chiral mesostructured inorganic hydroxide zinc carbonate for enantiomeric separation in HPLC.
Tailored porous framework materials for advancing lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Liu Bingqian , Thoi V. Sara
Published: March 2022

Metal–organic frameworks are tunable platforms for providing fundamental insights and design principles toward advanced lithium–sulfur batteries.
Pyridine nitrogen position controlled molecular packing and stimuli-responsive solid-state fluorescence switching: supramolecular complexation facilitated turn-on fluorescence
Authors: Gayathri Parthasarathy , Ravi Sasikala , Karthikeyan Subramanian , Pannipara Mehboobali , Al-Sehemi Abdullah G. , Moon Dohyun , Anthony Savarimuthu Philip
Published: March 2022

The pyridine nitrogen position and the supramolecular complexation ability were used to obtain solid state fluorescent materials with stimuli-induced fluorescence switching.
Ternary 14-electron XB2Be2 (X = Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) clusters: a planar tetracoordinate silicon (ptSi) system and its ptGe/Sn/Pb congeners
Authors: Zhao Lian-Qing , Guo Jin-Chang , Zhai Hua-Jin
Published: March 2022

The ternary SiB2Be2 cluster is a planar tetracoordinate silicon (ptSi) system and features 2π/2σ double aromaticity. Its 14-electron count deviates from the 18-electron rule.
Stereodynamics of rotational energy transfer in NO(A2Σ+) + Kr collisions
Authors: Leng Joseph G. , Sharples Thomas R. , McKendrick Kenneth G. , Costen Matthew L.
Published: March 2022

Crossed molecular beam scattering and quantum scattering calculations reveal the dynamical mechanisms underlying rotationally inelastic scattering for NO(A) + Kr.
Recent advances in low-power-threshold nonlinear photochromic materials
Authors: Kobayashi Yoichi , Abe Jiro
Published: March 2022

This tutorial review introduces basics and recent advances of low-power-threshold nonlinear photochromic materials. We attempt to provide an intuitive understanding of incoherent nonlinear optical processes using fundamental concepts.
Selective Photocatalyst for styrene epoxidation with atmospheric O2using covalent organic frameworks
Authors: Gu Defa , Liang Nianjie , Li Qiaosheng , Li Guangwen , Yu Dongdong , Liu Yuzhou
Published: March 2022

Fe@POG-OHwas synthetized and used to photo-catalyze styrene epoxidation with high selectivity and high conversion at room temperature. O2˙−plays crucial roles in the effective and selective oxidation of styrene to styrene oxide.
Evaluating magnetic and thermal effects of various Polymerylated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for combined chemo-hyperthermia
Authors: El-Boubbou Kheireddine , Lemine O. M. , Ali Rizwan , Huwaizi Sarah M. , Al-Humaid Sulaiman , AlKushi Abdulmohsen
Published: March 2022

Killing cancer cells with heat: Assessing the heat-generation from Polymerylated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (PMNPs) for synergistic chemo-hyperthermia therapy.
Meso bromination and derivatization of synthetic bacteriochlorins
Authors: Jing Haoyu , Liu Sijia , Jiang Jianbing , Tran Vy-Phuong , Rong Jie , Wang Pengzhi , Lindsey Jonathan S.
Published: March 2022

Twelve bacteriochlorin building blocks featuring meso-substitution have been prepared including a set with finely tuned long-wavelength absorption (725–757 nm) for studies in photonics.
Synthesis and luminescence properties of functionalized V-shaped bis-coumarin derivatives
Authors: Su Ruige , Zhao Yuling , Liu Shiqiang , Li Peiying , Ma Jiaying , Zhang Di , Han Minghu , Yu Tianzhi
Published: March 2022

Three new functionalized V-shaped bis-coumarin derivatives were synthesized for OLED applications.
Amine-functionalized MCM-41 as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of sulfur/dinitrogen-fused heterocycles via [3+3] cycloaddition in water
Authors: Hui Yonghai , Li Jianpeng , Yu Biao , Xing Xuejiang , Gao Tianming , Qian Xiaoyan , Zhang Yongfei , Chen Weiliang
Published: March 2022

The sulfur/dinitrogen-containing heterocycle is an important chemical motif and is found widely in natural products, drug molecules, catalysts and functional materials.
Development of sustainable synthesis of glucuronic acid glycodendrimers using ball milling and microwave-assisted CuAAC reaction
Authors: García-Oliva Cecilia , Merchán Alejandro , Perona Almudena , Hoyos Pilar , Rumbero Ángel , Hernáiz María J.
Published: March 2022

Two green strategies for CuAAC reaction based on two activation pathways, solvent free mechanochemistry and microwave irradiation using a recycable biosolvent, are reported for the synthesis of glucuronic acid glycodendrimers with good conversión.
Basic features of Ne*–HX (X = Cl, Br) chemi-ionization reactions
Authors: Falcinelli Stefano , Vecchiocattivi Franco , Brunetti Brunetto Giovanni , Parriani Marco , Gigliotti Giovanni , Stranges Stefano , Pirani Fernando
Published: March 2022

Ionization cross sections for Ne*(3P2,0)–HX (X = Cl, Br) chemi-ionizations are presented in the 0.02–0.5 eV collision energy range.
A lipid droplet-targetable and biothiol-sensitive fluorescent probe for the diagnosis of cancer cells/tissues
Authors: Zhang Yuewei , Zhang Ning , Wang Shuohang , Zan Qi , Wang Xiaodong , Yang Qianqian , Yu Xue , Dong Chuan , Fan Li
Published: March 2022

We demonstrated for the first time the visualization of LD biothiols in surgical specimens from cancer patients.
Sensitive sensing of alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase activity for tumor imaging
Authors: Yang Yanyun , Zhang Miaomiao , Zhang Wenting , Chen Yinglu , Zhang Tong , Chen Sheng , Yuan Yue , Liang Gaolin , Zhang Shusheng
Published: March 2022

Mechanism of bioluminescence phenomenon of the probe P-Bz-Luc in the presence of ALP or GGT.
Single-molecule analysis of genome-wide DNA methylation by fiber FISH coupled with atomic force microscopy
Authors: Bu Lingli , Luo Tao , Yan Jiangyu , Li Guorui , Huang Jing
Published: March 2022

A straightforward single-molecule approach was developed for identifying whole-genome DNA methylation through fiber-FISH coupled with AFM. This method has advantages of low DNA input, reproduction, long reads and low cost.
Surface polarization of BiOI to boost photoelectrochemical signal transduction for high-performance bioassays
Authors: Gu Mengmeng , Gong Yuting , Wu Xiuming , Dong Yuming , Wang Guang-Li
Published: March 2022

Surface-hydroxylation-induced polarization (SHIP) is disclosed as a pioneering way to boost cathodic photoelectrochemical signal transduction for high-performance bioassays.
Recent developments in DNA-based mechanical nanodevices
Authors: Tian Qian , Keshri Puspam , You Mingxu
Published: March 2022

Recent development of DNA nanodevices for the detection and control of mechanical forces in vitro and in a cellular environment.
A combinatorial coordination-modulated approach to all-hydrocarbon-ligated intermetallic clusters
Authors: Heiß Patricia , Hornung Julius , Gemel Christian , Fischer Roland A.
Published: March 2022

We introduces a new concept for experimental design of cluster growth investigation in the Ni(cod)2/ECp* (E = Al, Ga) system with 3-hexyne as a coordination modulator by in situ analysis of cluster mixtures combined with theoretical modelling.
Visible light-assisted Ni-/Ir-catalysed atom-economic synthesis of spiro[furan-3,1′-indene] derivatives
Authors: Gore Babasaheb Sopan , Kuo Chiao-Ying , Wang Jeh-Jeng
Published: March 2022

An atom-economic, efficient, and highly convenient construction of spiro[furan-3,1′-indene] skeletons from isocyanides and 1,5-enynes by synergistic nickel- and iridium-photocatalysis is reported.
Dual-amplified CRISPR-Cas12a bioassay for HIV-related nucleic acids
Authors: Zhou Jing , Hu Jianyu , Liu Rui , Wang Chaoqun , Lv Yi
Published: March 2022

A nucleic acid amplification-free method is proposed by integrating the self-amplification effect of CRISPR-Cas12a with the enhancement effect of the large number of detectable atoms inside each gold nanoparticle.
Energetic and topological supramolecular study and nucleation proposal for halogenated aryl amides
Authors: Teixeira Campos Patrick , Machado Rodrigues Gabriel , Pereira Afonso Luiza , Uecker Krüger Vanessa , Siqueira da Silva Rubia Mara , Milani Marcéo Auler
Published: March 2022

The current investigation provides energetic and contact surface data on intermolecular interactions, correlates theoretical data with experimental data and suggests a proposal for nucleation for halogenated aryl amides.
Controllable synthesis of Co nanoparticles with the assistance of cucurbit[6]uril and its efficient photoelectrochemical catalysis in water splitting on a g-C3N4 photoanode
Authors: Dai Xin , Jin Xian-Yi , Gao Rui-Han , Ge Qing-Mei , Chen Kai , Jiang Nan , Cong Hang , Tao Zhu , Liu Mao
Published: March 2022

An innovative photoanode was developed for efficient PEC water splitting by the deposition of a Co nano-catalyst on the surface of a g-C3N4 film, producing the significant photocurrent density of 393 μA cm−2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE.
Synthesis, DNA-binding abilities, and in vitro antitumor activity of water-soluble copper porphyrin and its Schiff-base complexes
Authors: Hasi Qi-Meige , Guo Yuping , Yang Jiaqi , Mu Xiaotong , Chen Lihua , Wang Shanshan , Xiao Chaohu , Zhang Yuhan , Han Zhichao
Published: March 2022

Three new water-soluble porphyrin Cu(ii)-complexes (CuP-1, CuP-2, and CuP-3) were prepared and characterized, which had the ability to bind ct-DNA and good cytotoxicity. CuP-1 showed the best antiproliferative activity towards TCA8113 cells.
Effect of the Ag evolution process on ordering the transition for L10-FePt nanoparticles synthesized by Ag addition
Authors: Zhao Dong , Chang Ling , Wang Xiaoyang , Liu Kexin , Wang Qunshou , Sun Zhimeng , Liu Chuanzhi , Wang Jianjun , Wang Qiang , Pei Wenli
Published: March 2022

The evolution process of Ag plays a dominant role and presents an obvious effect on promoting the ordering transition of FePt NPs.
A pyrene-based ratiometric probe for nanomolar level detection of glyphosate in food and environmental samples and its application for live-cell imaging
Authors: Dey Nilanjan
Published: March 2022

An in situ formed copper(ii)-complex is involved in analyzing glyphosate in real-life samples, such as crops, soil, water and biological fluids.
Preparation of fluorescence-encoded microbeads with large encoding capacities and application of suspension array technology
Authors: Shao Shimin , Man Hong , Nie Yingrui , Wang Yang , Xu Qianrui , Wang Zhifei , Jiang Yong
Published: March 2022

This research study reported a type of reconstructed polystyrene microbeads for fluorescence encoding in suspension array technology (SAT). The present study improved their surface functionalization and compatibility with dyes.
β-Lactam and penicillin substituted mesoionic metal carbene complexes
Authors: Avello Marta G. , Moreno-Latorre María , de la Torre María C. , Casarrubios Luis , Gornitzka Heinz , Hemmert Catherine , Sierra Miguel A.
Published: March 2022

β-Lactam including penicillin G substituted 1,2,3-triazolylidene MIC metal complexes (Au(i), Pd(ii) and Pt(ii)) have been prepared, and are efficient catalysts in cycloisomerization of enynes (Au) and alkyne hydrosilylation (Pt) reactions.
N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed oxidation of unactivated aldimines to amides via imine umpolung under aerobic conditions
Authors: Ramarao Jakkula , Yadav Sanjay , Satyam Killari , Suresh Surisetti
Published: March 2022

A general NHC-catalyzed conversion of imines to amides proceeding through umpolung–oxidation under aerobic conditions in green solvent is reported.
Preparation of polymer-based foam for efficient oil–water separation based on surface engineering
Authors: Guo Qingshi , Shi Dean , Yang Chenguang , Wu Guozhong
Published: March 2022

Through surface engineering, the polymer-based foam achieved high-efficiency oil–water separation performance in complex environments.
Stabilizing atomically precise metal nanoclusters as simultaneous charge relay mediators and photosensitizers
Authors: Hou Shuo , Huang Ming-Hui , Xiao Fang-Xing
Published: March 2022

Atomically precise metal nanoclusters (NCs) are judiciously stabilized as simultaneous charge relay mediators and photosensitizers for photocatalytic organic transformation.
Effective signal to intrinsic interference plus noise ratio analysis of affine precoded FBMC system
Authors: Patra Radhashyam , Mahapatro Arunanshu , Choi Kwonhue
Published: March 2022

An affine precoding and decoding (APD) method of channel estimation and data detection in the filter bank multi‐carrier (FBMC) system is implemented, and it is found to be useful from bit error rate (BER) perspective. Effective average signal to intrinsic interference plus noise ratio is derived theoretically and from this the optimum training power coefficient (for which BER is minimum) is derived and its closeness with simulation value is observed.
Unbalanced power control of a modular multilevel converter with photovoltaic resources and the capacitor voltage ripple analysis
Authors: Liu Ping , Zhang Xing , Wang Fusheng , Jiang Tao , Yu Changzhou
Published: March 2022

The modular multilevel photovoltaic (PV) converter can achieve independent power control and help to increase the efficiency of the system. However, the output power among PV modules is unbalanced, which will result in the power loss of system if not properly controlled. This paper first introduces a power control scheme to adjust the power distribution among dc grid, ac grid and PV modules, and presents the mathematical bases of the scheme and the unbalanced power control of the strategy. However, the voltage ripple of MMC sub module (SM) capacitor is also an important parameter. In this system, the SM voltage ripple has not been analysed in relevant articles. Because there are many variables, it is not easy to analyse. Here, the voltage ripple law of the SM capacitor is analysed, by simplifying variables and presenting a fast analytical method, which has reference significance for the selection of SM capacitor. Matlab simulation and the hardware in the loop simulation experiment built by StarSim of Modelling Tech verify the effectiveness of the introduced control strategy and the correctness of the SM capacitor ripple analysis.
Do CITES trade restrictions work? Some evidence from the markets for sawfish trophies
Authors: Gómez-Rodríguez Santiago , Wilson James R.
Published: March 2022

The durability of animal parts that are collected and traded as trophies has an impact on species sustainability, especially when animals are slow-growing, have low fecundity, or are particularly vulnerable to capture. CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora), aims to control the trade of wild fauna and flora specifically by using trade restrictions as a policy option. However, specialists in international trade have advised against using trade restrictions to correct social cost issues. The reasons for this advice have to do with the unintended economic consequences of animals being placed on an endangered species list, coupled with the trade restrictions themselves. We focused on Pristis spp. (sawfish), a species in danger of extinction found in Appendix I of the CITES convention. An extensive search of sawfish saws for sale on the internet was performed during 2016 and 2017. A total of 174 observations of market prices were collected. We estimated several models linking prices to the size of the saw with other variables that might explain price variability using OLS regression, and which included data from both the original internet searches and additional variables, including a dummy variable which indicated the year in which the species group was placed in Appendix I. These models show that rather than slow down the extinction pathway for this species, CITES may have sped it up, as well as driving the sawfish trophy markets underground.
Ventilation and energy efficiency in Air Systems for future buildings: a four dimensions approach
Authors: Busato Filippo , Pedranzini Federico
Published: March 2022

Recent pandemic events are combined with a growing awareness of environmental issues, a general focus on sustainability and responsibility for future generations. All these issues converge towards a general need to improve the performance of buildings and at the same time reduce energy costs. This paper presents four different areas of improvement applicable to air systems on which it is felt that the time has come to focus conceptual and technological efforts. The four dimensions of the proposed improvement are as follows: The reduction of air leakage, the optimization of air diffusion control in VaV applications, the implementation of selective systems for the removal of specific contaminants, the system-wide contextualization of heat recovery from exhaust air. The four directions indicated are considered to offer the greatest potential for optimization in the context of air systems, and this is all the more true if these paths are taken simultaneously. They are aimed at minimizing energy effort (i.e., treated air flow rates) while maximizing performance in terms of maintaining indoor air quality. This can be done by repositioning the boundaries that until now have not allowed the full potential offered by a wise application of variable airflow systems. The approach presented is mainly a performance-based approach re-evaluated in the light of improvements in manufacturing and component characterization technologies, the possibility of considering air systems as a potentially synergistic part of more complex systems, and new sensitivities developed following the advent of pandemic events. The potential improvements in percentage terms from such an action promise to be greater than any single component implementation, but they require a change of attitude on the part of designers and a readiness on the part of manufacturers to work towards the development of standardized procedures applicable on a large scale.
A2L low GWP HFO based refrigerant solutions in heat pump applications to drive energy efficiency, safety, and sustainability even in building restoration
Authors: Küpper Hans-Dieter , Pianetti Alessandro , Saab Samer
Published: March 2022

Driven by energy efficiency requirements and legal restrictions like F-Gas Regulation Heat Pump OEM supplier are looking for alternative refrigerant solutions. HFO based low GWP refrigerants can help increasing the system efficiency, expanding the operating temperature range while reducing CO2 emissions. For building restoration in particular, high flow temperatures (for existing hydronic heating system) are essential for convenient and cost-and energy-efficient replacements of fossil fuel boilers. A2L classified refrigerants provide extended application range at highest safety level versus A3 classified refrigerants, but R-32 still carries a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of 675 making it a transitional solution. This paper compares different relevant parameters and points out the advantages provided by HFO A2L low GWP refrigerants (like R-454B and R-454C) for a wide capacity range of air to water and brine to water heat pumps. A special focus is put on the application of building restoration.
Modelling of heat generators: technical standards vs detailed dynamic simulation tools
Authors: Bianco Mauthe Degerfeld Franz , De Luca Giovanna , Ballarini Ilaria , Corrado Vincenzo
Published: March 2022

In the last years, international technical standards have introduced several procedures for modelling the heat generation sub-system, both providing new calculation methods and updating the old ones. A still open issue concerns the modelling of these sub-systems, by adapting the standard procedure – usually founded on simplified assumptions – to the structure of a detailed dynamic simulation tool. In this paper, the main procedures introduced by the international technical standards issued under the Mandate M/480 EN of 2010 on the heat generation sub-systems are presented, with a focus on combustion systems, chillers, and heat pumps. Simplifications and assumptions are analysed, by pointing out the limits related to the simplified modelling based on empirical correlations and tabulated values. The heat generation standardised models are compared with the ones used in detailed simulation tools, such as EnergyPlus. The main differences in the input data and in the model options are presented, and advices for the completion of the information commonly found in technical data sheets are provided. The paper is aimed both at promoting an effective application of the standards in the building design field and at contributing to the standardisation activity for the achievement of more accurate calculation models.
The impact of mechanical ventilation systems on acoustic quality in school environments
Authors: Serpilli Fabio , Di Loreto Samantha , Lori Valter , Di Perna Costanzo
Published: March 2022

There is a growing scientific consensus that COVID-19 could be transmitted through the airborne route, putting ventilation at the heart of a mitigation strategy for buildings, including schools. The design of suitable systems requires to consider all aspects both for the control of air movement and the diffusion of bacterial loads, but also of other parameters of indoor air quality. This work examines the acoustic design of ventilation systems in schools and the effects that the systems have on the acoustic quality of the classrooms in compliance with the standard series UNI 11532. The standards provide a guideline on the design and the evaluation of the acoustic performances of schools, including attention for children with special educational needs. In particular, the case study refers to classrooms in the University Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona
Prüfungsthema: Schleimhaut
Authors: Schmid Eva C.
Published: March 2022

In diesem HPA-Prüfungstrainer beschäftigen sich alle Fragen mit Schleimhaut.
Was wissen Sie über… Schleimhaut?
Authors: Schmid Eva C.
Published: March 2022

In dieser Ausgabe beschäftigen sich alle Wissensquiz-Fragen mit Schleimhaut.
Wenn Feuchtigkeit fehlt
Authors: Welsch Katja
Published: March 2022

Die Trockenheit der Schleimhäute in den Wechseljahren kann neben der Vagina auch viele andere Körperregionen betreffen und Frauen im Alltag belasten. Die Diagnose kann anhand von Laborbefunden und über eine Anamnese unter Berücksichtigung aktueller Medikamenteneinnahmen gestellt werden. Homöopathische Mittel können helfen, die Probleme zu mildern oder zu beseitigen. Die Medikation ist an den Behandlungsverlauf anzupassen.
Hotspot Darmschleimhaut
Authors: Rüffer Andreas
Published: March 2022

Die Darmschleimhaut übernimmt zahlreiche vitale Funktionen im Körper: von der Nährstoffversorgung bis zur Barriere gegen potenzielle Schadstoffe. Störungen der Barrierefunktion (Leaky Gut) wirken proinflammatorisch und können daher bei verschiedenen chronischen Erkrankungen beteiligt sein. Verschiedene Schleimhautmarker - insbesondere im Stuhl - liefern Hinweise auf den Zustand der Darmschleimhaut als Basis für gezielte therapeutische Maßnahmen.
Stechender Energielieferant
Authors: Werther Jutta
Published: March 2022

Hafer wird für seine schützenden und beruhigenden Eigenschaften geschätzt. Verwendet werden das Haferkraut, Haferstroh und Haferkorn.