bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ancient forests and their indicators in urban areas: the role of long-term proximity, area, and distance from the city center
Authors: Masiarek Inez , Kiedrzyński Marcin , Witosławski Piotr
Published: February 2025

Urban areas are complex and ever-changing systems, whose natural surroundings are profoundly influenced by urbanization processes. In the face of such changes, there is an urgent need to evaluate the state of nature within cities from the perspective of spatial planning and nature conservation. We consider forest specialists, which are unable to colonize new forests rapidly, as indicators of long-standing woodlands in the city area. The main aim of this study was to determine the distribution patterns of forest specialists and to explore their correlation with ancient forests. We hypothesize that it is not just the occurrence of ancient forests that determines the distribution and richness of forest plants. We also explore the so-called ‘adjacent grid permanent forests’; the area of forest-patches, and their location in relation to the city center. Our first task was to examine the changes in the city's forest coverage and pinpoint the location of ancient forests. The study employed historical maps and cartographic works. With the aid of GIS tools, it was possible to depict changes in forest cover over the past 200 years. The distribution of the studied indicator species, overlaid on changing forest cover, unveiled a strong correlation with historical land use. Our findings highlight that both ancient forests and adjacent permanent forests are vital for preserving forest species. Proximity to the city center significantly impacts the occurrence of forest specialists, which are often absent even from areas with ancient forests. However, they may be present despite no detection of ancient or grid permanent forests in the outskirts. This could be due to the existence of small, long-standing tree patches that had a much greater chance of being preserved far from the city center and were not depicted on old maps. Although these micro-refuges may harbor individual forest species adequately, larger ancient and permanent forest areas are needed to maintain the higher number of forest specialists. Our results helped identify the areas most suitable for afforestation, considering the preservation of forest continuity and the migration possibilities of forest plants.
The Relationship Between Screen Time, Sleep and Obesity
Authors: Lewandowska Dominika , Rosińska-Lewandoska Dominika , Podraza Zofia , Strep Dominika , Grabowska Julia , Rosiński Jakub , Głowniak Zofia , Kwiatkowski Maciej , Kwiatkowska Izabela , Soja Malwina
Published: February 2025

Introduction
Excessive screen time has emerged as a major public health concern, particularly due to its association with sleep disturbances and the rising prevalence of obesity. Digital technologies have become deeply integrated into daily life, leading to prolonged exposure to screens and subsequent health challenges. This review explores the intricate relationships between screen time, sleep, and obesity, focusing on underlying behavioral, hormonal, and psychological mechanisms, as well as potential interventions to address these interconnected issues.
Materials and Methods
A systematic review of 35 peer-reviewed studies published between 2019 and 2025 was conducted. Sources were identified using PubMed, focusing on studies examining the interplay of screen time, sleep quality, and obesity. Inclusion criteria included studies on children, adolescents, and adults, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of these relationships across age groups.
 
Analysis of the Literature
The review investigates three main aspects: the impact of screen time on sleep quality, the bidirectional relationship between sleep disturbances and obesity, and how excessive screen time contributes to energy imbalance and weight gain. Mechanistic pathways such as altered circadian rhythms, sedentary behaviors, and exposure to food advertising are also explored.
Conclusions
Screen time significantly affects sleep and obesity through behavioral, hormonal, and psychological pathways. Interventions targeting reduced screen exposure, improved sleep hygiene, and increased physical activity could mitigate obesity risk, especially in vulnerable populations such as children and adolescents. Public health strategies and educational campaigns are essential to raise awareness and promote healthier screen habits. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies and scalable
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists in obesity treatment - a literature review
Authors: Jentkiewicz Aleksander , Haj Obeid Esmail , Ulrych Jakub , Krupa Jan , Malinowski Maciej , Krasowski Michał , Kalinowska Alicja , Pietras Wiktoria , Kozieł Adrian , Kurek Zofia
Published: February 2025

Introduction and Purpose: Obesity is an escalating global health challenge, affecting over 2 billion individuals worldwide, contributing to many challenges for healthcare providers such as cardiovascular disorders, cancers, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. There is a need for effective treatments targeting T2DM, and obesity. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists developed originally for T2DM treatment, have emerged as key agents for weight loss. This review examines current evidence regarding efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action of GLP-1 RAs, particularly semaglutide and tirzepatide in obesity and weight loss treatment.
 
Description of the State of Knowledge: GLP-1 receptor agonists modulate appetite, resulting in lower calory intake. Gastric emptying and insulin secretion are also affected by GLP-1 RAs. Clinical trials consistently demonstrate significant weight loss, positive action on cardiovascular risk and better glycemic control. All GLP-1 RAs have common side effects which are gastrointestinal disorders, and gallbladder-related issues, but their safety profiles are acceptable.
 
Summary: Available evidence recommends GLP-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity treatment. Tirzepatide and semaglutide are two pharmacological agents which show best results in terms of weight loss.
 
Materials and Evidence: A literature review was conducted using the PubMed database for articles published from January 2016 to January 2024, supplemented by earlier foundational papers. After screening 121 abstracts, 51 full-text articles were assessed, and 30 were ultimately included.
Advancements in the Treatment of Mucopolysaccharidoses: From Established Therapies to Gene Therapy
Authors: Wanat Joanna , Homa Wojciech , Warunek Aleksandra , Gronowicz Gabriela , Dzikowska Izabela , Siejka Agata , Stefaniak Daria , Zielińska Weronika , Chról Michał
Published: February 2025

Introduction and purpose Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS), a subset of inborn errors of metabolism (IEM), are genetic disorders requiring pediatricians to recognize non-specific symptoms and carefully monitor newborns. Early diagnosis is essential for optimizing therapeutic outcomes. In recent years, significant progress has been made not only in the diagnostic process but also in the development of therapies. Established treatments, such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), have been improved, while advancements in gene therapy have opened new possibilities.
State of knowledgeNumerous studies and clinical trials suggest that novel therapies could be game-changers in managing MPS. Among the promising new treatments are: blood-brain barrier (BBB)-penetrable enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), substrate reduction therapy, nonsense suppression therapy, and mRNA engineering. However, the most advanced treatments, that are currently under investigation are in-vivo and ex-vivo gene therapy.
ConclusionsThis article aims to review treatment options for MPS I (Hurler syndrome), highlighting the evolution from established therapies to innovative approaches.
Re-thinking a College of Business Administration with Visual Strategic Planning
Authors: Guthrie Ruth , Wyrick Cheryl
Published: February 2025

This paper details an Appreciative Inquiry approach used in building a strategic plan for a college of business. The process incorporated visual and creative exercises to harness people’s dreams and ideas for an innovative future. The results of a four-stage strategic planning process created strong support from all groups within the college. The output of the process was a visual strategic plan that succinctly and effectively communicated the strategic goals of the college.
The AI Dilemma: Should Appreciative Inquiry Seek a New Abbreviation?
Authors: Jones Emyr , Yemm Rowan , Smith Mathew
Published: February 2025

In recent years, AI has become virtually synonymous with artificial intelligence, a field that has rapidly transformed public consciousness through its advancements and controversies. This shift raises a critical question for practitioners and scholars of Appreciative Inquiry: should we consider rebranding the abbreviation to preserve the clarity and uniqueness of our work?
Language, Tone and Timing: The Subtle Skills of Appreciative Facilitation
Authors: van Vembde Arjan
Published: February 2025

‘What is going well?’ may seem like a simple question, but making it truly resonate often requires more than knowing Appreciative Inquiry’s 5D cycle. When interests clash, or not everyone is open to an appreciative approach, subtle skills play a decisive role in making Appreciative Inquiry work. In this article we explore how language, tone and timing can make all the difference in your process facilitation.
Multi-Armed Bandits with Endogenous Learning Curves: An Application to Split Liver Transplantation
Authors: Tang Yanhan (Savannah) , Li Andrew , Scheller-Wolf Alan , Tayur Sridhar
Published: February 2025

Problem Definition: Proficiency in many sophisticated tasks is attained through experience-based learning, in other words, learning by doing. For example, transplant centers’ surgical teams need to practice difficult surgeries to master the skills required. Meanwhile, this experience-based learning may affect other stakeholders, such as patients eligible for transplant surgeries, and require resources, including scarce organs and continual efforts. To ensure that patients have excellent outcomes and equitable access to organs, the organ allocation authority needs to quickly identify and develop medical teams with high aptitudes. This entails striking a balance between exploring surgical combinations with initially unknown full potential and exploiting existing knowledge based on observed outcomes. Methodology/results: We formulate a multi-armed bandit (MAB) model in which parametric learning curves are embedded in the reward functions to capture endogenous experience-based learning. In addition, our model includes provisions ensuring that the choices of arms are subject to fairness constraints to guarantee equity. To solve our MAB problem, we propose the L-UCB and FL-UCB algorithms, variants of the upper confidence bound (UCB) algorithm that attain the optimal [Formula: see text] regret on problems enhanced with experience-based learning and fairness concerns. We demonstrate our model and algorithms on the split liver transplantation (SLT) allocation problem, showing that our algorithms have superior numerical performance compared with standard bandit algorithms in a setting where experience-based learning and fairness concerns exist. Managerial implications: From a methodological point of view, our proposed MAB model and algorithms are generic and have broad application prospects. From an application standpoint, our algorithms could be applied to help evaluate potential strategies to increase the proliferation of SLT and other technically difficult procedures.

Funding: The authors would like to acknowledge the support of CMU Tepper’s Health Care Initiative Funding.

Supplemental Material: The electronic companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0412 .
Risk and cardiac biomarkers in prehospital acute coronary syndrome: a scoping review
Authors: Bampton Joshua D , Sengstock Brian J , Micalos Peter S
Published: February 2025

Background:

Research into prehospital risk mitigation using clinical risk scores in conjunction with biomarker analysis is lacking.

Aims:

This research aimed to identify the extent, range and nature of literature surrounding clinical risk in acute coronary syndrome and adverse cardiac events within the prehospital setting.

Methods:

This study applied the JBI scoping review methodology to identify peer-reviewed scientific literature published from January 2000 to August 2022. Articles were obtained from searches of two electronic databases, CINAHL Plus and MEDLINE (Ovid). The search results were filtered and selected for analysis through the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.

Results:

The initial search yielded a total of 234 results. Of these, 154 were screened resulting in a final total of 10 articles from which clinical risk scores and prehospital cardiac biomarkers were highlighted for discussion.

Conclusion:

Clinical risk scores provide practitioners with a foundation for risk analysis when assessing a patient with suspected acute coronary syndrome. The most effective risk-score method to predict major adverse cardiac events was the HEART score. Technological advances in biomarker analysis may assist when used in conjunction with risk scores.
Looking back and ahead
Authors: Cochrane Alice
Published: February 2025

In her first column of 2025, Alice Cochrane reflects back on the year behind her, and ahead at the areas in which she can continue to develop on her NQP journey
Evaluation of phytopathogenic fungi according to the degree of danger
Authors: Yusifova Anakhanim , Asadova Basti , Aslanova Sanubar
Published: February 2025

The increasing number of the world's population and the fact that it is happening on the Earth, which is stable against the background of the reduction of the areas used by people for food purposes, has put humanity in a position to face a number of problems. Here is food, lack of energy, raw materials for industry, etc. issues such as If we add to these the global problems of the globalized world, first of all, such as global warming and the loss of biodiversity, then it can be noted that the situation on Earth is not so encouraging. Among the mentioned problems, the problems related to the demand for food and fodder of the Earth's population, as well as other living beings, are of particular importance. Thus, for people to live and function, they must always receive the necessary substances due to the satisfaction of their demand for food and energy from the environment. Already today in this matter, that is, quality food products for people. According to various forecasts, the population of the Earth is expected to be 9.3 billion in 2050, which means that the population is expected to increase by 1.33 times. In return for this increase, people living on Earth in order to meet the demand for food products, it will be necessary to increase the current production of agricultural products by approximately 1.5 times. This forecast is calculated based on the crops grown on the Earth's land used by humans for food production today. This includes global warming, urbanization, etc. as a result of the processes, salinization, desertification, etc. if lands that lose their suitability for cultivation are added, then the yield per hectare will need to be increased more. It is known that although the basis of human food is traditionally various products obtained from plants and animals, there are always products obtained with the direct and indirect participation of microorganisms, primarily bacteria and fungi, among the food products used by people, and more and more products from the mentioned sources are also found, ratio of microorganismschanges for the better. Despite this, plants and animals still remain the main source of human food supply, and for this reason, their research in meeting the human need for food is considered one of the urgent issues of the modern era due to the above-mentioned reasons.
Relating the ranks of elliptic curves to partitioned matrix
Authors: Kim Shin-Wook
Published: February 2025

Set E_(4(16k+11)) and E_(-4(16k+11)) as elliptic curves y^2=x^3+4px and y^2=x^3-4px with prime as p≡11(mod 16) and E_(-3p) and E_(-p) and E_(-2p) and E_pq as elliptic curves y^2=x^3-3px and y^2=x^3-px and y^2=x^3-2px and y^2=x^3+pqx then, we shall calculate the ranks of it and correlate the results to matrices and treat the basis and relate that results to determinant of partitioned matrix.
Understanding the Biomechanics of Lever Arm Disorders in Cerebral Palsy
Authors:   Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India., Sampath Jayanth , Nagda Taral ,   Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, SRCC NH Children’s Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Published: February 2025

Levers in the human body play an important role in facilitating efficient movement. Muscle forces act around the axis of movement of adjacent joints. The normal moment of a joint (M) is the product of the muscle force (F) and the length of lever arm (d). The primary neurological insult in cerebral palsy (CP) causes shortening of muscles, joint contractures, and torsional abnormalities in bones. The resulting ineffective lever arm leads to a failure to produce an appropriate torque and subsequent gait abnormalities. Therefore, the effects of lever arm dysfunction should be considered when gait improvement surgery is being offered to children with CP. This review will explain the role of levers in normal human biomechanics and the significance of lever arm dysfunction in the management of CP.
Keywords: Biomechanics, Lever arm, Disorder, Cerebral palsy
Lever Arm Disorders of the Feet in Cerebral Palsy
Authors:   [1] Department of Orthopaedics, Apollo Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [2] Department of Orthopaedics, SRCC NH Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [3] Department of Orthopaedics, Bombay Hospital Institute of Medical Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Bhaskar Atul
Published: February 2025

The key for optimum management for progressive musculoskeletal deformities in cerebral palsy patients is understanding the causative mechanisms. The impact of muscle shortening and contracture on the long bones and joints leads to lever arm problems in the foot and ankle and the associated deformities.
Management of each deformity is considered separately although many of these can occur concurrently and the severity my vary in an individual.
Keywords: Lever, Cerebral palsy, Foot & Ankle
Non-union of a Tibial Plafond Fracture in a COVID-Positive Patient: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Mercy Health St. Vincent Medical Center, Toledo, OH, USA,, Singleton Amy , Mancuso II Anthony J ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwest Texas Hospital, Amarillo, TX, USA., Eaddy Samuel G ,   Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Mercy Health St. Vincent Medical Center, Toledo, OH, USA,, Phillips Seth ,   Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Mercy Health St. Vincent Medical Center, Toledo, OH, USA,
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Several studies have proposed a relationship between the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-induced cytokine storm and prohibitive effects on the musculoskeletal system, including increased risk of fracture, osteoporosis, and impaired bone healing. To our knowledge, this is the first known case report involving a fracture non-union concomitant with COVID-19 infection and apparent cytokine storm.

Case Report: A 47-year-old male presented with an open pilon fracture of the left ankle after falling off a 6-foot ladder. At his 4-month post-operative follow-up, the patient attempted to ambulate without his cam boot for the 1st time, causing acute displacement of his poorly healed tibia fracture. A non-union laboratory workup demonstrated elevated inflammatory markers indicative of septic non-union; however, the patient also tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 at this time. Because of this, antibiotic treatment was not initiated due to suspicion of a cytokine storm. One month later, the patient’s inflammatory markers had decreased and he underwent revision surgery.

Conclusion: This case underscores the potential impact of COVID-19 on fracture healing and the importance of vigilant monitoring and differential diagnosis in managing non-union in COVID-19-positive patients.

Keywords: Pilon fracture, tibial plafond fracture, delayed union, non-union, coronavirus disease 19, cytokine storm, revision.
A Rare Complication of Hook Plate Fixation for Lateral Clavicle Fractures: Salvage Management with K-Wire Fixation
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India., Pani Sunit Kumar , Mohapatra Subrat ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India., Mishra Spandan ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India., Acharya Ramanuj ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India., Khandelwal Chaitanya ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Hook plate fixation is a widely used technique for managing lateral clavicle fractures, particularly when the coracoclavicular ligaments are disrupted. However, improper placement of the hook plate can result in rare and challenging complications that require innovative management strategies. This report presents a unique case involving such a complication and describes a minimally invasive, single-stage salvage approach using K-wire fixation to effectively address the issue.

Case Report: A 45-year-old female presented with pain and restricted shoulder function due to a hook plate positioned incorrectly at the fracture site rather than in the acromioclavicular joint. The mispositioned plate was carefully removed, and the fracture was stabilized using K-wire fixation.

Results: At the 6-month follow-up, the patient had excellent functional recovery with a Constant–Murley score of 89 and complete radiographic union at the fracture site.

Conclusion: This case highlights a rare issue that can occur when a hook plate is not placed correctly. It shows how important it is to position hardware accurately. The case also illustrates how a minimally invasive technique, using K-wire stabilization, can effectively manage these types of complications.

Keywords: Hook plate, clavicle, K-wire.
The Lentini Auge Vase as Paratragic Recognition Scene
Authors: Compton-Engle Gwendolyn
Published: February 2025

Abstract: A Sicilian calyx-krater from Lentini, ca 340–330 b.c.e., shows a parody of a tragedy, likely Euripides’ Auge . The altar, the statue, and the woman’s costume parallel tragic iconography. Depicting a recognition scene, the vase attests to the development of recognition plots in comedy and the importance of paratragedy in late fourth-century Sicily. Abstract: Un cratère en calice sicilien de Lentini, v. 340-330 avant notre ère, parodie une tragédie, probablement l’ Auge d’Euripide. L’autel, la statue et le costume de la femme montrent des parallèles avec l’iconographie tragique. Puisqu’il représente une scène de reconnaissance, le vase témoigne du développement des intrigues liées à la reconnaissance dans la comédie et de l’importance de la para-tragédie dans la Sicile de la fin du ive siècle.
George Washington Plunkitt, Patronage, and Irish Catholic Identity in Tammany Hall
Authors: Horner Emilio
Published: February 2025

Abstract: This paper is a rhetorical analysis of Plunkitt of Tammany Hall , a book of “plain talks” by George Washington Plunkitt. Plunkitt was a prominent politician in the Tammany machine. These talks expose the inner workings of how politicians become wealthy, how Tammany operated, and how to build a political machine. He rails against his enemies—those in the civil service, the Albany government, and the Republicans, to name a few. Ultimately, Plunkitt’s rhetoric is persuasive due to his use of Irish ethnic and Catholic religious identification, his appeals to the material efficacy of patronage politics, and his populist rhetorical style.
Bilateral internal iliac artery ligation in trauma patients with severe pelvic hemorrhage: A systematic review
Authors: Jeong Soon Tak , Kim Do Wan , Kang Wu Seong
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Severe pelvic hemorrhage significantly contributes to mortality in trauma patients, yet the most effective treatment for severe pelvic injuries remains unclear. This systematic review evaluates the mortality and morbidity associated with bilateral internal iliac artery ligation (BIIAL) in patients experiencing severe hemorrhage from traumatic pelvic fractures.

Methods

Comprehensive searches were conducted in MEDLINE PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases until February 7, 2024, to identify relevant articles. The risk of bias in observational studies was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool, which evaluates bias risk in nonrandomized intervention studies. The primary outcome was mortality following BIIAL, with the secondary outcome being complications related to the procedure.

Results

The review included eight studies, all observational. The overall mortality rate after BIIAL ranged from 45.0% to 76.9%. Ischemic complications from BIIAL were infrequent. A high and unclear risk of bias due to confounding and participant selection was noted across the studies. Four studies highlighted distinct indications for BIIAL compared to angioembolization. BIIAL was employed for patients with severe hemodynamic instability or when angiography was not available.

Conclusion

Due to geographical limitations and significant heterogeneity among the studies reviewed, the true effect size of BIIAL remains indeterminate. Nevertheless, further prospective studies with robust designs are necessary. BIIAL holds potential as a viable option when angioembolization is not accessible or in cases of critical patient instability.
Assessment of contamination of natural waters with radionuclides and heavy metals the case of Karabulak creek at the Semipalatinsk Test Site
Authors: Dyussembayeva Madina , Aidarkhanova Almira , Tashekova Azhar , Shakenov Yerbol , Kolbin Vladimir , Merkel Alyona , Zhamaldinov Fail , Larionova Natalya , Gorlachev Igor , Kharkin Pavel , Lukashenko Sergey , Yevlampiyeva Yelena
Published: February 2025

This paper presents research data on water contamination levels of artificial radionuclides and heavy metals in Karabulak Creek at the Semipalatinsk Test Site. The uranium isotopic composition has been studied (235U and 238U). Priority contaminants and the most ‘contaminated’ sections of the Karabulak creek were identified, and water quality-related indicators were also estimated. The environmental situation around Karabulak Creek at the «Degelen» site—at which underground nuclear tests have been conducted—was found to be unique and attributed to the combined effect of man-made radiation and natural factors and, in particular, to geochemical features of the region.
Identification and prioritization of novel therapeutic candidates against glutamate racemase from Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Kumar Ankit , Anjum Farah , Hassan Md Imtaiyaz , Shamsi Anas , Singh Rashmi Prabha
Published: February 2025

Background

Klebsiella pneumoniae, a gram-negative bacterium in the Enterobacteriaceae family, is non-motile, encapsulated, and a major cause of nosocomial infections, particularly in intensive care units. The bacterium possesses a thick polysaccharide capsule and fimbriae, which contribute to its virulence, resistance to phagocytosis, and attachment to host cells. The bacterium has developed serious resistance to most antibiotics currently in use.

Objective

This study aims to investigate the structural properties of MurI (glutamate racemase) from Klebsiella pneumoniae and to identify potential candidate inhibitors against the protein, which will help in the development of new strategies to combat the infections related to MDR strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Methods

The 3D structure of the protein was modelled using SWISS-MODEL, which utilizes the homology modelling technique. After refinement, the structure was subjected to virtual high throughput screening on the TACC server using Enamine AC collection. The obtained molecules were then put through various screening parameters to obtain promising lead candidates, and the selected molecules were then subjected to MD simulations. The data obtained from MD simulations was then assessed with the help of different global dynamics analyses. The protein-ligand complexes were also subjected to MM/PBSA-based binding free energy calculation using the g_mmpbsa program.

Results

The screening parameters employed on the molecules obtained via virtual screening from the TACC server revealed that Z1542321346 and Z2356864560 out of four molecules have better potential to act as potential inhibitors for MurI protein. The binding free energy values, which came out to be -27.26±3.06 kcal/mol and -29.53±4.29 kcal/mol for Z1542321346 and Z2356864560 molecules, respectively, favoured these molecules in terms of inhibition potential towards targeted protein.

Conclusion

The investigation of MurI via computational approach and the subsequent analysis of potential inhibitors can pave the way for developing new therapeutic strategies to combat the infections and antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae. This study could significantly help the medical fraternity in the treatment of infections caused by this multidrug-resistant pathogen.
A potential photo-protective, antioxidant function for DMSO in marine phytoplankton
Authors: McNabb Brandon J. , Tortell Philippe D.
Published: February 2025

The marine compound dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is ubiquitous in the world’s surface ocean, constituting one of the largest sources of reduced organic sulfur in seawater. DMSO cycling has been linked to the formation of the climate-active gas dimethyl sulfide (DMS) through a reductive pathway, but the underlying physiological role of DMSO reduction, and the environmental controls on this pathway, remain unresolved. Here we present evidence that DMSO reduction to DMS serves an antioxidant role in phytoplankton through a secondary electron-scavenging pathway that can dissipate excess light-harvested energy, and potentially mitigate the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Results from isotopic tracer experiments demonstrate significant increases in DMSO reduction rates in low-light acclimated natural phytoplankton assemblages exposed to high irradiance. Increased DMSO reduction rates were negatively correlated with non-photochemical quenching, while treatment with the photosynthetic electron transport inhibitor DCMU significantly decreased DMSO reduction, indicating a link to photosynthetically-derived electrons. Our results show that photic stress drives enhanced DMSO reduction in marine phytoplankton, linking DMS production to irradiance and vertical mixing through an electron scavenging mechanism that could serve an antioxidant role.
Revisitando a causalidade: Foucault, poder e práticas discursivas
Authors: Porto Bárbara Leandra
Published: February 2025

Resumo: Este estudo, inserido na filosofia contemporânea, analisa a concepção de causalidade em Michel Foucault, com ênfase em sua abordagem genealógica em obras como Vigiar e Punir (1975) e Microfísica do Poder (1978). Foucault propõe que a causalidade é difusa, entrelaçada com estruturas de poder e práticas discursivas, moldando o sujeito moderno através de instituições como escolas, prisões e hospitais. Em diálogo com David Hume, que vê a causalidade como uma inferência baseada na repetição de eventos, o estudo examina como Foucault critica essa visão, apresentando a causalidade como uma construção social e histórica. As questões centrais a serem respondidas são: Como a abordagem genealógica de Foucault redefine a causalidade na modernidade? Como as estruturas de poder influenciam a produção de conhecimento e verdade? Quais são as implicações dessas ideias para a compreensão das dinâmicas de poder e causalidade na sociedade contemporânea? 
Palavras-chave: Poder; Causalidade; Foucault; Filosofia.
Revisiter la causalité: Foucault, pouvoir et pratiques discursives
Résumé: Cette étude, insérée dans la philosophie contemporaine, analyse la conception de la causalité de Michel Foucault, en mettant l'accent sur son approche généalogique dans des ouvrages tels que Surveiller et punir (1975) et Microphysique du pouvoir (1978). Foucault propose que la causalité est diffuse, étroitement liée aux structures de pouvoir et aux pratiques discursives, façonnant le sujet moderne à travers des institutions telles que les écoles, les prisons et les hôpitaux. En dialogue avec David Hume, qui considère la causalité comme une inférence basée sur la répétition d’événements, l’étude examine la façon dont Foucault critique cette vision, présentant la causalité comme une construction sociale et historique. Les questions centrales auxquelles il faut répondre sont les suivantes : Comment l'approche généalogique de Foucault redéfinit-elle la causalité dans la modernité ? Comment les structures de pouvoir influencent-elles la production de connaissances et de vérité ? Quelles sont les implications de ces idées pour comprendre la dynamique du pouvoir et de la causalité dans la société contemporaine ?
Mots cles: Pouvoir; Causalité; Foucault; Philosophie.
 
Data de registro: 22/07/2024
Data de aceite: 29/01/2025
Muballigh Online Reception of Hadith Tasyabbuh and Intention (Controversion of Wishing Merry Christmas)
Authors: Nur Jannah Safri , Moh. Isbat Alfan Ghoffari
Published: February 2025

The law of wishing Merry Christmas by Muslims is always debated and can be an indicator to determine the level of religious moderation. There are at least three groups in the legal debate wishing Merry Christmas, namely groups that allow, prohibit, and situational. One of the figures that has attracted public attention regarding the law of wishing Merry Christmas is Dr. Buya Ar Razzy through Deddy Corbuzier’s YouTube podcast. By applying Stuart Hall’s reception theory, this study found that the reception of hadith tasyabbuh and intentions in the podcast are included in the negotiation category. This welcoming pattern is proof that ar Razzy is trying to spread a moderate mindset. This moderation has implications for the creation of cyber Muslims who are wiser in responding to differences. This is reflected in the digital response in the podcast comments. In addition, the emergence of many video clips on YouTube Shorts with positive narratives is another proof that more and more parties agree with the moderate opinion and mission presented by ar Razzy.
Loneliness and the changing care landscape for the elderly in Albania
Authors: Nesturi Majlinda , Nasufi Irida Agolli
Published: February 2025

Albania is currently experiencing a notable demographic shift marked by a substantial increase in its aging population, aligned with the theory of demographic transition. With an emphasis on senior care processes and the prevalence of loneliness among the elderly, this paper explores the difficulties presented by this demographic transition. Key factors of loneliness, such as age, health status, frequency of social interactions, internet access, and the presence of close social ties, were discovered using logistic regression analysis on data from the “Elderly and Loneliness” survey carried out in Albania. As conventional family structures deteriorate and migration continues to influence care dynamics, the results highlight the vital role that comprehensive care systems play in reducing loneliness. To enhance the well-being of Albania’s senior citizens, the report emphasizes the urgent need for legislative changes that prioritize digital inclusion, long-term care infrastructure, and community-based social support networks. This study offers an approach for tackling the dual issues of loneliness and caregiving in an aging society by tying empirical findings to practical suggestions.
Multi-trait selection in yellow kernel maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes using multi-trait genotype-ideotype distance index
Authors: Sondarava P M , Patel M B , Borkhatariya T H , Parmar D J , Akbari K M , Ghetiya R L
Published: February 2025

The production of food crops is greatly influenced by maize, which is essential to global food security. Genetic variation and selection are key components in maize breeding that maximize genetic gain and productivity. The present study, 238 maize genotypes were investigated for fourteen quantitative traits to identify diverse and desirable genotypes for future breeding and varietal development programs. Significant genotypic effects were observed for grain yield and its attributes and other agronomic traits, indicating potential for genotype selection. Multivariate PCA analysis revealed that the first four PCs (70.1 % of total variation) effectively captured the considerable diversity within traits. Key traits such as flowering time, plant height, ear height, ear characteristics, and grain yield were essential in distinguishing between the genotypes analyzed. A recently introduced multi-trait-ideotype distance index (MGIDI) was used to predict the selection gain and identify the effectively performed genotypes by considering multiple traits. The MGIDI predicts significant desired genetic gains across all characteristics. Strengths and weaknesses of selected genotypes based on MGIDI provided insights into their overall suitability and factor contributions. The genotypes G32, G76, G163, G212, and G169 were identified as performing better using the MGIDI method, considering their strengths and weaknesses for the traits analyzed. MGIDI is a powerful tool that can help breeders effectively select the most desirable genotypes in maize.
A family of solutions related to Shin’s model for probability forecasts
Authors: Kizildemir Melis , Akin Ertugrul , Alkan Altug
Published: February 2025

This work develops a family of solutions related to Shin’s model in producing accurate probability forecasts. More precisely, closed-form solutions are derived based on an analytical approach to known solutions and evaluated experimentally for sports betting data sets.
Nanoscale resolved mapping of the dipole emission of hBN color centers with a scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscope
Authors: Niehues Iris , Wigger Daniel , Kaltenecker Korbinian , Klein-Hitpass Annika , Roelli Philippe , Dąbrowska Aleksandra K. , Ludwiczak Katarzyna , Tatarczak Piotr , Becker Janne O. , Schmidt Robert , Schnell Martin , Binder Johannes , Wysmołek Andrzej , Hillenbrand Rainer
Published: February 2025

Color centers in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) are promising candidates as quantum light sources for future technologies. In this work, we utilize a scattering-type near-field optical microscope (s-SNOM) to study the photoluminescence (PL) emission characteristics of such quantum emitters in metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy grown hBN. On the one hand, we demonstrate direct near-field optical excitation and emission through interaction with the nanofocus of the tip resulting in a subdiffraction limited tip-enhanced PL hotspot. On the other hand, we show that indirect excitation and emission via scattering from the tip significantly increases the recorded PL intensity. This demonstrates that the tip-assisted PL (TAPL) process efficiently guides the generated light to the detector. We apply the TAPL method to map the in-plane dipole orientations of the hBN color centers on the nanoscale. This work promotes the widely available s-SNOM approach to applications in the quantum domain including characterization and optical control.
The crystal structure of cyclopentadienyl Co–P–C complexes by benzylideneacetone addition, C38H38CoO2P
Authors: Zhang Shengnan , Wang Lumin , Zhai Zengli , Zhu Zihui
Published: February 2025

C38H38CoO2P, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 10.5200(6) Å, b = 10.5216(6) Å, c = 15.3394(7) Å, α = 102.038(4)°, β = 105.984(4)°, γ = 100.225(5)°, V = 1545.69(15) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0498, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1120, T = 173.0(10) K.
Crystal structure of (E)-(3-(furan-2-yl)acryloyl)ferrocene, C17H14FeO2
Authors: Zhu Zhoujing , Xu Xiaona , Tong Hongjuan , Tang Wenqiang
Published: February 2025

C17H14FeO2, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 9.1480(2) Å, b = 10.2745(2) Å, c = 27.8889(6) Å, V = 2621.31(10) Å3, Z = 8, Rgt
(F) = 0.0287, wRref
(F
2) = 0.0760, T = 170 K.
Reflections on Class Struggle in the Twenty-first Century
Authors: Evans Peter
Published: February 2025

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Defying the “Illiberal” Gig Economy: Coping Strategies of Freelance Domestic Workers in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Malit Froilan
Published: February 2025

How do low-skilled migrant workers navigate restrictive gig economies in illiberal host states of the Global South? Despite the growing gig economy, scholars have yet to examine the linkage between the politics of the gig economy and migrant resilience in illiberal host states in the Global South. Using a single case study of freelance Filipina domestic workers in the UAE (N = 20), I argue that, despite facing legal and economic risks (penalties), freelance migrant workers have produced an informal freelancing visa system to contest the formal and hierarchical segmentation of the gig economy via three diverse strategies: co-optation, tapping and brokering. These evasive social coping strategies mirror their collective resistance against structural labour exploitation and reinforce their autonomous role in the social (re)production of community solidarity within informal gig economies. Overall, this study contributes to empirical and theoretical discourse on the politics of illiberal migration management and the gig economy by featuring female migrant freelancers’ complex social agency within illiberal gig economies in the Global South.
La materialidad de las mujeres en A Lanzada (Sanxenxo, Pontevedra): un análisis a partir de la arqueología del cuerpo.
Authors: Rodríguez González Celtia
Published: February 2025

El estudio de género en la arqueología del noroeste de la península ibérica representa un área de investigación aún por explorar en el contexto de la transición al mundo altomedieval. A pesar de los avances recientes en esta disciplina debido fundamentalmente al avance de la arqueología comercial y a los proyectos de investigación, el estudio de las mujeres y de las relaciones de género han sido uno de los grandes olvidados de esta disciplina. Este trabajo tiene el propósito de abordar esa laguna existente en la investigación de la alta edad media a través del estudio de las experiencias y las identidades de las mujeres dentro del yacimiento de A Lanzada (Sanxenxo, Pontevedra), empleando el desarrollo metodológico que aúna la arqueología del cuerpo, con enfoque feminista y de la fenomenología. Lo que se expone en este texto es un primer análisis de la materialidad de las mujeres y sus experiencias a través de un enfoque de género en arqueología, contribuyendo así al aporte de estas perspectivas dentro de la ciencia arqueológica para un periodo donde los estudios de las mujeres y la perspectiva de género han sido los grandes olvidados de la historiografía del periodo.
The Nigerian LNG respiratory support substation and its politeheartCPAP machine in the neonatal centre of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano: nurses’ perspective
Authors: Muhammad Ibrahim Aisha , O Onyewuchi Rita , O Amadi Hippolite
Published: February 2025

Respiratory distress (RD) in the neonate can be difficult to manage, especially in LMICs, where knowledge gap and lack of efficient equipment make this even worse for the nurse. At Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH) Kano, Nigeria, RD has been the nurses’ nightmare which has been recently minimized by a novel idea of a ‘Respiratory Support Substation’ at the special care baby unit of the hospital. The installed politeheart CPAP machine is efficient, easy to operate, algorithm-driven, and has yielded a 100% success rate within the first eight weeks of usage at AKTH Kano.

The substation and the accompanying equipment can easily be adaptable elsewhere, especially where a high incidence rate of RD exists.
La construcción del significado de cuidado: ejercicio y enseñanza del profesorado de enfermería
Authors: Rojas Tapia Tania , Ruiz Carrillo Edgardo , Gómez Aguirre Cristina , Lemus Amescua Elsy Valeria , García Corona Valeria
Published: February 2025

La enfermería es una profesión que requiere conocimientos teóricos, así como humanos, empáticos y experienciales. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo describir la construcción del significado de cuidado que tiene el cuerpo docente de enfermería dentro de los módulos teórico-prácticos. Para describir el significado del cuidado se utilizó una metodología descriptiva con un tipo de estudio fenomenológico, se realizaron cuatro entrevistas semiestructuradas basadas en las cuatro dimensiones del instrumento ECCOE-VA para evaluar el cuidado humano: 1) Asistencia y Soporte al Paciente, 2) Enseñanza y Aprendizaje del Autocuidado, 3) Enseñanza y Aprendizaje de Emociones y 4) Humanismo. Con las transcripciones se obtuvieron coocurrencias entre las dimensiones. Se encontró que lo ético y lo moral regulan y construyen los significados del cuidado que enseña el colectivo docente de enfermería y estos tienen un impacto en la forma en cómo aprende el estudiantado y cómo se relacionan humanamente en la mejora de la salud del paciente.
Políticas de desarrollo profesional docente en la Universidad Nacional de Agricultura de Honduras: interpretaciones desde los actores
Authors: Murillo Lizardo Orlando David
Published: February 2025

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la puesta en acto de las políticas de desarrollo profesional docente en la Universidad Nacional de Agricultura (UNAG) de Honduras, mediante las interpretaciones y reinterpretaciones de los actores educativos, durante el proceso de intervención de la Comisión nombrada por el Congreso Nacional en el periodo 2017-2020. El enfoque del diseño metodológico fue el cualitativo, utilizando como método el estudio de casos, de tipo exploratorio, desde la perspectiva del ciclo de políticas educativas y la formación inductiva de categoría de análisis. Las técnicas de recolección de información empleadas durante el 2021-2022 incluyeron el análisis de documentos, de fuentes primarias y bibliográficas y la entrevista semiestructurada, con 30 participantes de tres estamentos universitarios: docentes, estudiantes y autoridades. El análisis de la información se realizó mediante la técnica de Análisis Cualitativo de Contenido, con el apoyo del Software ATLAS. Ti, versión 8. Los principales hallazgos indicaron que las políticas de desarrollo profesional docente en la UNAG se centraron en tres ejes temáticos: formación del profesorado, carrera docente y el contexto socio educativo institucional, en un escenario mediado por intereses políticos y personales. Se concluye que la falta de una reglamentación clara, la ausencia de incentivos económicos adecuados y el apoyo selectivo en la toma de decisiones generaron descontento y desigualdad en el personal docente. Además, la intervención de la Comisión Interventora promovió un entorno de gestión institucional que fomentó las luchas de poder entre grupos profesorales, así como resistencias y apatía respecto a las nuevas políticas. Se recomienda que la UNAG aplique un Reglamento Interno de Trabajo y un Escalafón Profesional que rija las condiciones de trabajo de los empleados, igual que, los procesos para el reconocimiento de estímulos económicos.