bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TAʿZĪR PROVISIONS APPLIED TO MURDER AND THEFT CRIMES IN OTTOMAN CRIMINAL LAW DURING THE TANZIMAT PERIOD (Example of the Murder and Theft Book No. 471)
Authors: Okur Gümrükçüoğlu Saliha
Published: December 2024

In Ottoman criminal law, intentional homicide and theft were classified under the category of "hudud" (fixed punishments), and their penalties were predetermined and unchangeable. On the other hand, ta'zir punishments may be applied in cases where the elements of the crime were not fully established to warrant hudud punishments or where the offense had no fixed penalty under the law. This study aims to examine the discretionary punishments (ta'zir) that were applied instead of the prescribed penalties (hudud and qisas) for crimes that have established rulings under the fundamental principles of Islamic criminal law as documented in the 'Katl ve Sirkat Defteri' (Murder and Theft Book). The research will explore how these punishments were implemented in practice, and under what conditions and circumstances discretionary punishments were applied for crimes with fixed penalties. The study will explore the procedures for bringing such cases to court, the investigative and decision-making stages, and whether the sentences maintained a balance between the crime and punishment. Additionally, it will seek to identify the factors that either mitigated or aggravated the severity of the imposed punishments. This article, enriched with documents from various classifications in the Ottoman archives, examines both the 1256 Penal Code and the scope of the 1267 reforms. It aims to analyze how the processes of change and adaptation in Ottoman criminal law during the Tanzimat era influenced the application of crime and punishment.
Evaluation of the Frequency of Kidney Injury in the Postoperative Critical Care Unit (PACU): A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Hajili Farid , Hancı Volkan , Özbilgin Şule , Ayvat Pınar , Ömür Arça Dilek , Gökel Erol
Published: December 2024

Background: In the study, the frequency of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI), factors associated with AKI, and the effect of AKI on outcomes in surgical cases treated in the Postoperative intensive care unit (PACU) in the postoperative period were investigated.
Materials and Method: The study is a prospective and observational study. Surgical cases treated in the PACU in the postoperative period were included in our study. Demographic characteristics of the patients, characteristics of the operation and anesthesia, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) values, American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) risk classes, preoperative biochemistry results and preoperative hemogram results were recorded. Patients' AKI was assessed using the Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of Function, and End-Stage Renal Disease (RIFLE) and Acute Kidney Injury Network criteria(AKIN).

Results: 583 postoperative cases were examined. The frequency of AKI in PACU was 17,7%. Age, preoperative CCI, BUN, GFR values, preoperative peptic ulcer history, preoperative calcium, total bilirubin levels and the urgency of operation were the preoperative reasons for AKI. Intraoperative use of blood and colloid also affected postoperative AKI. There was a relationship between AKI and the amount of crystalloid and FFP used in PACU. In patients with AKI, the frequency of inotropic use in PACU, the frequency of the use of IMV and the duration, cardiac complication, arrhythmia, respiratory system complications, sepsis and mortality rate were higher compared to patients without AKI (p
EGE ÜÇÜNCÜ YAŞ ÜNİVERSİTESİNDEKİ 60 YAŞ VE ÜZERİ BİREYLERDE OBEZİTE VARLIĞI, BEDEN AĞIRLIĞI ALGISI VE İLİŞKİLİ ETMENLER
Authors: İmançer Elif Dila , Şimşek Hatice , Şahin Sevnaz , Baybaş Buğçe Kamer
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Ege Üçüncü Yaş Üniversitesi’ndeki 60 yaş ve üzeri bireylerde obezite varlığı, beden ağırlığı algısı ve ilişkili etmenleri belirlemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki araştırmanın evreni Ege Üçüncü Yaş Üniversitesi’ne 2018-2019 eğitim yılında kayıtlı olan 60 yaş ve üzeri 337 bireydir. Örnek seçimi yapılmamış tüm evrene ulaşmak hedeflenmiştir. Bağımlı değişken obezite varlığı ve beden ağırlığı algısıdır. Beden Kütle İndeksi (BKİ) 30 ve üzeri olanlar obez kabul edilmiştir. Kendi bedeninizi nasıl değerlendiriyorsunuz sorusuna alınan yanıtlar ölçümle belirlenen BKI sınıflamasıyla farklı ise yanlış beden ağırlığı algısı var kabul edilmiştir. Bağımsız değişkenler; sosyodemografik özellikler, sağlık durumu, beslenme alışkanlıkları, ailede obez varlığı, obeziteyi sağlık sorunu olarak görme durumu, fiziksel etkinlik durumudur. Veri yüz-yüze görüşme yöntemiyle toplanmış, Ki-kare ve Çoklu Lojistik Regresyon analizi ile çözümlenmiştir.
Bulgular: Ulaşılan 260 bireyin ortalama yaşı 66,8±5,1 (60-85), %80,8’i kadındır. Obezite sıklığı %30,0, yanlış beden ağırlığı algısı sıklığı %63,1’dir. Tek değişkenli analizlerde obezite ile anlamlı ilişki belirlenen değişkenlerle birlikte literatüre göre önemli olan yaş ve cinsiyet değişkenleri de eklenerek oluşturulan Lojistik Regresyon modeline göre; sağlıksız ara öğün tüketenlerde 2,1 (OR=2,12, p=0,021, %95GA=1,12-4,02), sedanter ya da hafif etkinlik yapanlarda 2,0 (OR=2,05, p=0,032, %95GA=1,06-3,97), sağlıksız beslendiğini düşünenlerde 2,3 kat (OR=2,26, p=0,037, %95GA=1,05-4,85) obezite riski yüksektir. Sosyodemografik özelliklerle yanlış beden ağırlığı algısı arasında anlamlı ilişki saptanmamıştır (p
Evaluation of the Basic Life Support Training Provided to Search and Rescue Staff
Authors: Demiröz Yıldırım Sevda , Türkmen Mustafa Cem , Demiröz Kader
Published: December 2024

Background This research aimed to assess the effect of theoretical and practical Basic Life Support training on the knowledge level of research and rescue staff who encounters lots of wounded people during their work.
Methods Random pre-test - post-test control group pattern was used in the research. Thirty of the participants were untrained and they were selected for the experiment group whereas the other 30 with previous training were placed in the control group. Once all the participants were pre-evaluated, the experiment group received a 315-minute training. Then, both groups were taken through a post-test evaluation.
Results It was found that the differences between the experimental group's BLS Knowledge Level and the Assessment Scale of the post-test and the pre-test were significantly higher than the differences between the control group's post-test and the pre-test results (p
Training of specialists for personalized medicine in a modern medical university
Authors: Sirotkina O. V. , Vavilova T. V. , Kukharchik G. A. , Parmon E. V. , Pospelova M. L. , Lipatova E. G.
Published: December 2024

Training staff in personalized medicine implies modernisation of the traditional learning model that is to incorporate a curricular thread spanning all the stages (pre-university, undergraduate, post-graduate) of a doctor’s professional development.

The article presents the experience of the Institute of Medical Education of The Almazov National Medical Research Centre in training personnel prepared to implement the principles of personalized medicine in domestic healthcare.
Exploring the Bioactives and Therapeutic Properties of Traditional Rice Landraces for Human Health and Food Security: A Review
Authors: Ashraf A. Mohammed , Begam S. Naziya , Sivagamy K. , Vijayashanthi V.A. , Yogameenakshi P.
Published: December 2024

Rice has been found to have anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory properties and it is believed to be due to its antioxidant properties. The research work on characterization of rice landraces for nutritional and medicinal properties is gaining importance due to increase in lifestyle related health issues such as diabetes, cancer, heart problems, obesity etc and increasing trend among consumers and profitable market is reversing and focusing towards traditional rice landraces. These rice land races exploited by the rural folks to treat to treat skin diseases, blood pressure, fever rheumatism, lactation and also uses as health tonic. Some of the rice landraces used in sidda and ayurvedic for exploiting curative value and is used in many medicinal preparations. Based on Vedic evidences, India was had more than 2,00,000 (2 lakh) rice varieties which is an huge biodiversity, genetically rich nation, no other nation in the world as that resources. The rice landraces cultivation are confined to certain pockets depending on the suitability of local climate and soil type, under varied quantity of water requirement, also having resistance to pest and diseases. Currently, a few hundreds of traditional landraces are in existenceand being cultivated in small pockets by farmers. Conserve the available landraces, the nutraceutical and nutritional properties in rice landraces, needs to be examined and validated with popularization. Indigenous cultivars will help for explore the scientific basis of therapeutic values by the scientist for sustaining food as well as the nutritional security and human health.
Digital glossary as an instrument of the effectiveness improvement of CLIL model at the technical (aviation) university
Authors: Khalyapina L. P. , Yakhyaeva C. M.
Published: December 2024

Importance. The study presents the results of implementing a methodological model for content and language integrated learning (CLIL) in a technical university, utilizing a digital glossary as both a repository for professional and linguistic data and a pedagogical instrument, aimed at enhancing the learning experience within the context of the aviation English course. The purpose is to foster a consistent improvement of students’ foreign language speaking and related language skills, thereby contributing to the professional development of future aviation professionals capable of effectively carrying out their duties in accordance with International Civil Aviation Organization requirements.Materials and Methods. This study utilizes methods such as analyzing relevant scientific literature and documentation from the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), which govern the requirements for aviation personnel language training. Additionally, online platforms suitable for developing a digital glossary are compared and selected. Furthermore, an experiment is conducted and observations are made.Results and Discussion. Based on the experience of implementing digital technologies in the process of foreign language teaching an experimental training has been conducted on the basis of Saint-Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation.Conclusion. An introduction of digital g lossary as an element o f model in the content and language integrated learning process provides the conditions for development and improvement of foreign language proficiency and professional knowledge and, consequentially, provides a better qualification of future civil aviation pilots
Methodological training of students of linguodidactic specialities in foreign language classes
Authors: Arkhangelskaya X. S. , Chicherina Yu. V.
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The active development of international cooperation in new directions in various fields and areas of activity, changing positions in the labor market, have entailed increased demands on specialists in the teaching foreign languages field. The purpose of the study is to analyze the “professionally oriented foreign language communicative competence” concept, and also consider the formation methodological competence technology in the context of professional training of a future teacher in practical classes in English.Materials and Methods. Scientific and methodological literature analysis, systematization and comparative study of approaches to the characteristics and content interpretation of the “professionally oriented foreign language communicative competence” and “methodological competence” concepts – as a professionally significant structural component, educational activities design in the context of methodological competence formation among junior year linguodidactic students profiles in language classes constituted a complex of methodological approaches used in this work.Results and Discussion. The existing approaches to the interpretation of the term “professionallyoriented foreign language communicative competence” and its components – subcompetences, including methodological competence – have been studied. The number of work methods for developing methodological competence among 2nd year students of linguodidactic profiles in practical language classes are described.Conclusion. Methodological aspects’s integration into the linguistic education content in junior years helps to improve the professional training quality of students – future foreign language teachers. The methodological competence formation among students of linguodidactic profiles in practical classes in a foreign language is a necessary condition for the successful implementation of their future professional activities
Students’ vocal and performing culture development by means of educational innovative technologies
Authors: Yanenko M. V.
Published: December 2024

Importance. The modern educational system is focused on various types of activities, which is associated with the use of innovative technologies. Pedagogical technology is a set of psychological and pedagogical attitudes that determine a special set and arrangement of forms, methods, ways and techniques of teaching, educational means. The relevance of the problem of using innovative educational technologies to develop students’ vocal and performing culture is associated with the need for a harmonious combination of old and new teaching methods in order to ensure sustainable development and disclosure of the potential of young performers. The purpose of the study is to reveal the features of the formation of students’ vocal and performing culture by means of educational innovative technologies.Materials and Methods. Scientific literature and educational resources are analyzed. Information is systematized and organizational and pedagogical conditions for innovative forms and techniques of teaching students vocal and performing culture are substantiated.Results and Discussion. Educational innovative technologies are the most promising to develop students’ vocal and performing culture if the curriculum contains new disciplines aimed at the latest research in the field of musical culture and vocal art; the use of interactive technologies, mobile apps and online-resources allows to create a flexible educational environment and creates access to more information and materials for studying vocal art; the application of virtual reality technologies allows to immerse in the musical composition and feel like a performer on stage.Conclusion. The process of developing students’ vocal and performing culture by means of educational innovative technologies is complex and multifaceted and requires a comprehensive approach. Simultaneous use of traditional and innovative approaches allows students to gain a complex comprehension of vocal art, develop creative abilities in theatre art, and adjust to contemporary conditions
Professional readiness of the future teacher to collective adolescents creative activity: content characteristics
Authors: Misheryakova L. V.
Published: December 2024

Importance. The problem of development of a student’s readiness for the chosen profession in modern conditions is relevant for many social and humanitarian studies. The development of professional skills of choreographer students occurs throughout the entire period of study at the university. Currently, we see the reform of the higher education system, the inclusion in the curricula of universities of subjects aimed at developing creative abilities and developing skills for the professional readiness of a future teacher-choreographer for the collective creative activity of his students. Professional training of a future teacher-choreographer provides the opportunity to develop a personality in such a way that the student himself can further reveal his professional and creative individuality. It is no secret that the effectiveness of the educational process largely depends on various factors, among which we can note the teaching methodology, the presence of competent and creative specialists, a well-structured educational process, an individual approach to each student and much more. The purpose of the study is to substantiate content characteristics of the professional readiness of a future teacher for collective creative activity of adolescentsMaterials and Methods. Theoretical methods are applied. Thus, an analysis of the scientific literature and theoretical base on the topic of the study has been carried out. The classification method is used to study such concepts and systematize them. In order to present information within the framework of this study on the topic under study, a generalization is used, this method allows to identify the most common signs of the described phenomena.Results and Discussion. During the study, the concept of “professional education of higher educational institutions” has been revealed. The features of teaching choreographers, including the principle of cultural conformity, are considered. The theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of professional education are defined. Moreover, this work determines the importance of teaching students to the role of a teacher in a creative team, as a person capable of forming a holistic personality of students. The study also raises the question of the need to train future teacherchoreographer to work in an inclusive educational space.Conclusion. Thus, the development of professional readiness of future teachers-choreographers for collective creative activity of adolescents is an integral part of their education. It allows them to acquire not only technical skills and knowledge, but also to develop creative potential, leadership qualities and critical thinking. Such specialists are able to successfully work in the field of education and culture, contributing to the development and dissemination of the art of dance
On the necessity of adaptive physical education classes forms improvement in university with students with disabilities
Authors: Li P.
Published: December 2024

Importance. Currently, the organization of the higher education system must ensure the full immersion of students with disabilities in the general educational process. This circumstance requires the development of adaptive physical education programs aimed not only at eliminating deviations in the physical development of students with disabilities that arose as a result of the underlying disease, but also ensuring their adaptation and socialization in the student community. In this regard, the search for and implementation of non-traditional means of motor activity and forms of organizing adaptive physical education classes at the university are urgent tasks.Materials and Methods. Based on the review and theoretical analysis of scientific publications, questionnaires have been developed; and sample surveys of students and teachers of the Theory and Methods of the Physical Culture Department at Derzhavin Tambov State University have been conducted.Results and Discussion. The questionnaires has been conducted to identify the opinion of students with disabilities and practicing teachers on this matter. The questionnaires contained ten questions, the wording of which differed for students and teachers in order to identify their attitudes to each item of the questionnaire. The study involved 11 teachers of Theory and Methods of Physical Education Department of Derzhavin Tambov State University and 34 students with disabilities.Conclusion. To sum up, the implementation of non-traditional means of motor activity and nonstandard forms of organizing educational classes in adaptive physical education will provide an opportunity for all students to study simultaneously, regardless of the limitation degree and their health condition, which will not only minimize the disruption of their physical condition that arose as a result of the underlying disease, but also eliminate social barriers.
The formation of the crisis of protecting the Railways of Soviet Russia in 1917 - 1919: a view from the inside
Authors: Petrykin N. N.
Published: December 2024

Importance. In 1917, the objects of the transport infrastructure went through a durability test. The Bolsheviks used emergency measures and spontaneously created armed formations, however, their effectiveness was unsatisfactory. The government had been looking for a way out of the crisis. The documents stored in the State Archive of the Russian Federation testify to the reasons for the failures of railway protection in the first post-revolutionary years. The purpose of the study is to analyse the process of formation and adjustment of state policy in the field of transport security and the state of railway protection in 1917–1919 and to assess the information presented in the report by V.V. Fomin.Materials and Methods. The historical and genetic method allows to consider the peculiarities of railway protection in 1917–1919. The retrospective method contributes to the condition assessment of railway protection. The empirical data are grouped by the typological method. The comparative method identifies common and special features of the phenomena considered. The structural method divides information into smaller elements and organises into a hierarchical structure. The analytical method is used to verify the facts set out in the report.Results and Discussion. The reasons for the railroad protection failures in the early years of the Soviet regime are identified. The events on railroad transport of 1917–1919 are characterised.Conclusion. It is concluded that the complex analysis of the sources revealing the reasons for the failure of railroad protection in the early years of the Soviet regime is necessary; the approaches of the highest echelon of power to the development of state policy on transport in 1917–1919 are shown.
Military-technical cooperation between Russia and the Republic of Korea in 1994-2005
Authors: Maloletko A. V.
Published: December 2024

Importance. The purpose of the study is to consider significant aspects of military and technical cooperation between Russia and the Republic of Korea, carried out within the framework of the Brown Bear project in 1994–2005. It is of interest to analyse the specifics of cooperation in this segment between the countries that were ideological opponents until the early 1990s.Materials and Methods. The research of Russian and South Korean scientists that examines the factors influencing the dynamics of military and technical ties between Moscow and Seoul is involved. Along with general scientific methods such as systematic historical analysis, historical retrospective method, axiological method, and SWOT-analysis are used (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats).Results and Discussion. This research reveals that Moscow’s calculations for the promotion of Russian weapons to South Korea, as well as Seoul’s interest in obtaining modern Russian military technologies, formed positive expectations. At the same time, a set of factors has been identified that did not allow creating significant groundwork for the future following the results of the two stages of the “Brown Bear” project.Conclusion. Military and technical cooperation with Seoul became for Moscow an important experience of such activities in the Asian direction, the uniqueness of which was conditioned, among other things, by South Korea’s status as a strategic ally of the United States
My Garland is Also Blue
Authors: Leister Elizabeth
Published: December 2024

“My Garland is also Blue” is a three-part VR collage. Drawings, textiles and 3D objects from my grandmother’s home were scanned to build a trilogy of patchworked rooms. Digitally collaging disparate objects and materials allowed for a re-stitching together of memories in 360 space, while a spoken poem maps connections across our shared experience. A blue garland acts as a portal for the audience to travel into each space
ФОТОЧУТЛИВІ ПРОВІДНІ МАТЕРІАЛИ ДЛЯ СТВОРЕННЯ УПОРЯДКОВАНИХ НАНООБ’ЄКТІВ ЗА ДОПОМОГОЮ ТЕМПЛАТІВ
Authors: Заболотний М.А. , Асламова Л.І. , Гринько Д.О. , Колесніченко А.А. , Мартинчук В.Є. , Сезоненко А.Ю. , Писаревський Б.Ю. , Ромашкіна М.Ю. , Барабаш М.Ю.
Published: December 2024

Метою роботи є дослідження властивостей аморфних молекулярних напівпровідників, які використовуються для створення упорядкованих нанооб’єктів за допомогою темплатів. Світлочутливі АМН, на основі карбазолвмісних полімерів, мають високу чутливість та роздільну здатність, що робить їх перспективними для мікроелектроніки. У роботі аналізуються механізми термалізації носіїв заряду, квантовий вихід фотогенерації, а також електрофізичні властивості. Використано метод термостимульованої деполяризації для вивчення кінетики електричних процесів. Досліджено залежність квантового виходу фотогенерації від довжини хвилі збуджуючого світла, що дозволило уточнити модель термалізації носіїв заряду.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПРОЦЕСІВ ФОРМУВАННЯ, СТРУКТУРИ ТА ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ ПОРИСТИХ КАРКАСІВ
Authors: Кивгило Б.В. , Ямшинський М.М. , Биба Є.Г. , Мініцький А.В. , Лук’яненко І.В.
Published: December 2024

Робота присвячена розробленню технології виготовлення металевих шаруватих композитів на основі металевої стружки – відходів металообробки. Проведено аналіз забруднень стружки, зокрема мастильно-охолоджувальної рідини, оксидів та домішок, і запропоновано методи їх видалення через відпал у середовищі гостроосушеного водню. Розглянуто вплив тиску пресування на пористість матеріалів, необхідну для інфільтрації рідким алюмінієм. Результати демонструють оптимальні умови обробки та показники міцності композитів. Технологія може бути використана для створення енергопоглинаючих елементів з малою вагою, що сприятиме зниженню собівартості та ресурсозбереженню.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПРОЦЕСУ ОТРИМАННЯ ФЕРОВАНАДІЮ В УМОВАХ ЕЛЕКТРОШЛАКОВОЇ ПЛАВКИ
Authors: Костецький Ю.В. , Педченко Е.А. , Вдовін М.О. , Полішко Г.О. , Петренко В.П. , Зайцев В.А.
Published: December 2024

У роботі досліджено електроалюмінотермічний процес отримання ферованадію шляхом відновлення п’ятиокису ванадію у шарі рідкого шлаку. Проведено серію лабораторних плавок на установках УШ-114 та А-550 для оптимізації складу шихти, хімічного складу шлаку та умов процесу. Встановлено, що застосування електрошлакової плавки забезпечує ефективне відновлення ванадію, низькі втрати металу та високу якість отриманого сплаву. Технологію впроваджено для отримання ферованадію марок ФВд50, ФВд60 і ФВд80.
Integrating Colombian Pacific Traditional Knowledge and Gender-Inclusive to Enhance STEM Education: The BECAP Initiative
Authors: Donneys Carolina Orozco , Arbelaez Eduardo , Londoño Isaza Karen , Hernández Zúñiga Isabella , Alegría Isabella , Castellanos Anna I. , Arevalo Camila , Victoria Sebastián , Majin Nazly Camila , España Laura , Guevara Nicol Tatiana , Trujillo Ana Isabella , Murillo Norma , Perea Jose Dario
Published: December 2024

Background: Fostering students’ interest in careers in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) is one of the main objectives of current education. However, stereotypical beliefs about STEM careers and their difficulty often exist among elementary and high school students, especially in Latin American countries where access to higher education can be complicated or seem impossible in some areas. This study aims to develop effective strategies to combat stigmas by integrating Colombian ancestral pacific traditional knowledge and biochemistry engineering and promoting STEM education in populations with limited access to higher education in Colombia. The goal is to help participants understand the broader application of science in their daily lives and communities.

Results: By integrating pacific traditional knowledge with bioprocess experiments through our culturally relevant lab box, we have fostered greater interest in STEM careers among these diverse participants. This methodology effectively bridges the gap between traditional wisdom and modern science, creating a more engaging and relatable STEM learning experience.

Conclusions: In conclusion, we have observed a noticeable shift in participants’ academic interests, and many have expressed a new enthusiasm for pursuing STEM-related careers. This project provides a highly viable and reproducible model that can be scaled to other cities or countries in Latin America, facilitating students’ initial engagement with STEM careers. Additionally, it offers scholarship opportunities for participants, enabling access to quality higher education and promoting gender inclusion in STEM fields.
Identifying factors that exacerbate frailty using the Kihon Checklist: A six-year longitudinal study among Japanese residents
Authors: Imai Norio , Homma Daisuke , Horigome Yoji , Yoda Takuya , Murakami Reiko , Fujii Toshihide , Ohashi Masayuki , Kawashima Hiroyuki
Published: December 2024

Aim
This study aimed to identify factors preventing or exacerbating frailty using the Kihon Checklist (KCL).
Methods
This non-interventional, retrospective study included participants aged 70 years in 2016 and 76 years in 2022 and evaluated health status using the KCL. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independently associated factors for participants who remained robust from 2016 to 2022; those who were robust in 2016 but transitioned to pre-frailty by 2022; and those who were frail in 2016 but improved to pre-frailty or robustness by 2022.
Results
Key factors associated with maintaining robustness included occasional visits to friends and not having fear of falling while walking. From 2016 to 2022, indicators of transitioning from robustness to pre-frailty included changes from “yes” to “no” for climbing stairs without any support, “no” to “yes” for having difficulty in eating tough foods, and “no” to “yes” for not knowing the date. Factors associated with transitioning from robustness to frailty included “yes” to body mass index remaining < 18.5 kg/m2, “no” to going out at least once a week, and “yes” to having difficulty in doing what the respondent could previously do easily. An independent factor indicating improvement from frailty to robustness or pre-frailty was change from “no” to “yes” to going out at least once a week.
Conclusions
Regularly going out was a key factor for preventing frailty and improving status from frailty to pre-frailty or robustness, underscoring the importance of targeted interventions for at-risk elderly individuals to sustain robustness and delay frailty.
Factors and prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among the App-based food delivery riders in Tamil Nadu: A cross-sectional study
Authors: M Benson Thomas , Sathiyarajeswaran Narrain Shree , Radhakrishnan R. , A Abdul Gaffoor , Krupalakshme M. , Samal Janmejaya
Published: December 2024

Objectives
The main objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of pain, discomfort, and injuries among app-based food delivery riders in Tamil Nadu.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 425 app-based male food delivery riders in Tamil Nadu. The data was collected from June to July 2023 using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire to assess physical pain, discomfort, and injuries.
Results
Among 425 food delivery riders chronic pain persisting over 12 months is prevalent among food delivery riders, notably affecting the lower back (49.18%), upper back (39.53%), neck (28.71%), and shoulders (26.12%). Short-term pain was reported by 56% of the respondents in the lower back in the last week. Substance use, dehydration, and work location are significantly associated with long- and short-term pains. The knees, Ankles and wrists are the most common body sites of injuries and skipping meals during duty hours is significantly associated with injuries.
Conclusions
Research in the area of assessing the pain and injuries among food delivery riders is minimal. The present study, notably, extends the understanding of the health impact of full-time food delivery work by revealing a high prevalence of physical pain, particularly in the lower back.
Effectiveness of a Family-Management Program for Family having Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Aungkaprasatchai Wachareekorn , Chaimongkol Nujjaree , Hengudomsub Pornpat , Hendricks-Ferguson Verna L.
Published: December 2024

Purpose
To examine effectiveness of a family-management program (FMP) on family management, family, and child quality of life (QOL) among parents of children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL).
Methods
Participants included 46 parents of children with ALL recruited through a convenience sampling method from a tertiary hospital in Thailand. Twenty-three intervention participants received a 3-weekly FMP and routine care while the other 23 control participants received only the routine care. Data were carried out at the hospital site and telephone follow-up. The study outcomes were evaluated at 3 times points (i.e. baseline, post-intervention, and follow-up) using the Family Management Measure, the Beach Center Family Quality of Life Scale, and the Quality Of Life of Children with cancer module. Data were analyzed using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Results
The findings revealed that family management and child QOL in the intervention group were higher than that in the control group at follow-up (p < .05), but not for family QOL. Within the intervention group, there was significant improvement in family management, family QOL and child QOL at post-intervention and follow-up.
Conclusions
The FMP was effective in that it could increase outcomes among the parents of children with ALL after receiving the program comparing to those who did not. Healthcare providers, especially clinical nurses who work with parents having children with ALL could utilize the FMP to help them achieve optimal family management, family QOL and child QOL.
“Slow” network research? A mixed-method approach towards funeral status representation in the Late Urnfield period
Authors: Deicke Aline Julia Elisabeth
Published: December 2024

From its earliest stages on, the rise of computational approaches in the Arts and Humanities – whether in archaeology, history, or digital humanities more generally – has been accompanied by discussion and a critical reflection on the ways in which data-driven research methods are in-formed by the way research objects are represented as data structures. Various dimensions, challenges and characteristics are commonly addresses that can be roughly divided into the three intersecting aspects of the subjectivity of data, their complexity and their size. Archaeological network analysis as a formal, quantitative method is situated firmly within the tension between these fields, and many authors focus on the application of network research to archaeological data while respecting its complex nature as outlined above. This paper wants to add to this growing body of work by focusing on the specificities of a medium-sized datasets that offers multiple perspectives on a complex question of social archaeology: the study of intersecting social identities and their materialization in funeral assemblages, particularly of a collective identity of high status-individuals or “elites”, during the Late Urnfield Period. It wants to offer a mixed-method approach that centres quantitative results and qualitative contextualization across different scales, and tries to minimize loss of information and context, while transparently disclosing its practices of data selection, pre-processing, and analysis, and aims to make the reflective positionings of “slow data” and “slow technology” productive for a methodology of “slow networks”.
Development of a capability framework for Allied Health research careers in health services
Authors: Brandenburg Caitlin , Ward Elizabeth C , Stoikov Susan , Pitt Rachelle , McBride Liza-Jane
Published: December 2024

Background
Engaging health services in research is important for ensuring a strong practice-relevant evidence base. To achieve this, health service staff must be equipped with the necessary research capabilities. Despite growing research engagement by Allied Health (AH) professionals within services, career frameworks that enable staff to map research capabilities are currently lacking. Pre-existing frameworks focus largely on research capabilities within the academic context, and do not adequately capture the specific capabilities required of AH research roles in health services. Equally, existing frameworks assume a career progression that moves from clinical practice, through a PhD and then onto a research academic path, and hence have limited relevance for other types of research roles that exist within health services. Hence, this study aimed to develop a research career capability framework for AH research careers within health services, using the specific setting of Queensland Health, a state-wide Australian public health service.
Methods
This research involved four sequential phases: 1) A rapid review to identify potential capabilities for inclusion in the framework; 2) Refinement of the rapid review findings into an initial set of capabilities and domains by a Project Reference Group (PRG); 3) An e-Delphi survey with a broad range of stakeholders to gain consensus on included capabilities; and 4) A survey of and consultation with the PRG to refine capabilities and develop final framework elements.
Results
Twelve articles yielding 2,125 capability statements were identified in the rapid review. These were synthesized into 73 capabilities by the PRG, which went forward to a 2-round e-Delphi with 48 participants. The resulting framework consisted of 61 capabilities under five domains: Research knowledge and skills; Research impact and translation; Clinical and healthcare research context; Research leadership and strategy; and Research capacity building and mentorship.
Conclusions
Using a multi-phase approach, a research capability framework which represented the diversity of AH research careers within health services was developed. The framework can be used to guide professional development of AH researchers and to support their career development processes. Although developed within a specific health context, the work has application to other locations, as well as professions outside Allied Health.
An interpretable and transferable model for shallow landslides detachment combining spatial Poisson point processes and generalized additive models
Authors: Patanè Giulia , Bortolotti Teresa , Yordanov Vasil , Biagi Ludovico Giorgio Aldo , Brovelli Maria Antonia , Truong Xuan Quang , Vantini Simone
Published: December 2024

Less than 10 meters deep, shallow landslides are rapidly moving and strongly dangerous slides. In the present work, the probabilistic distribution of the landslide detachment points within a valley is modelled as a spatial Poisson point process, whose intensity depends on geophysical predictors according to a generalized additive model. Modelling the intensity with a generalized additive model jointly allows to obtain good predictive performance and to preserve the interpretability of the effects of the geophysical predictors on the intensity of the process. We propose a novel workflow, based on Random Forests, to select the geophysical predictors entering the model for the intensity. In this context, the statistically significant effects are interpreted as activating or stabilizing factors for landslide detachment. In order to guarantee the transferability of the resulting model, training, validation, and test of the algorithm are performed on mutually disjoint valleys in the Alps of Lombardy (Italy). Finally, the uncertainty around the estimated intensity of the process is quantified via semiparametric bootstrap.
Pulse wave parameters as a predictor of the development of post-transplant diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation
Authors: Macakova Dominika , Zadrazil Josef , Karasek David , Kucerova Veronika , Langova Katerina , Cibickova Lubica
Published: December 2024

Background
Kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease, significantly preserving kidney function and patient quality of life. However, post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a common complication, occurring in approximately one-third of renal transplant recipients. This study aims to evaluate the role of pulse wave parameters in predicting PTDM and to identify other pre-transplant risk factors.
Methods
This prospective cohort study included 105 patients on the kidney transplant waiting list from 2017 to 2022. Exclusion criteria included any pre-existing diabetes mellitus. Patients underwent physical examinations, laboratory analyses, and pulse wave analysis before transplantation and one year post-transplant. PTDM diagnosis followed International Consensus Guidelines. Data were analyzed using Wilcox test, Bonferroni correction, May-Whitney U-test, and Fisher’s exact test, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results
Post-transplant, 21% of patients were diagnosed with PTDM, increasing to 35% 3months post-transplant and 43% at one year post-transplant. Significant findings included:
Pre-transplat risk factors for developing PTDM: Proteinuria (p = 0.037, OR = 3.942) and perioperative hyperglycemia (p = 0.003, OR = 4.219 at 3 months; p=0.001, OR = 4.571 at 1 year).
Pulse wave parameters for developing PTDM: Pre-transplant Aortic PP > 45 mmHg (AUC = 0.757) and PWV > 8.5 m/s (AUC = 0.730) were strong predictors of the development of PTDM after 3 months (p < 0.0001). Moreover, we found significant improvements in aortic pulse pressure (Aortic PP) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) post-transplant (p < 0.0001).
Conclusion
Our study confirms that pulse wave parameters, such as Aortic PP and PWV, are significant predictors of PTDM in kidney transplant recipients (KTR). These findings support incorporating pulse wave analysis into routine pre-transplant evaluations to identify high-risk patients. Additionally, monitoring these parameters post-transplant may aid in early intervention and prevention of PTDM, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
Trial registration: Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Medical faculty and University Hospital Olomouc (approval no. 94/15).
Computational Studies on Thermal Performance of Domestic Refrigerator with PCM Integrated Condenser
Authors: D Kasinathan , M Durairaj , L Ranganathan
Published: December 2024

Integration of PCM based thermal energy storage has been the focus of researchers for improving the energy efficiency in domestic refrigerators and also in addressing sustainability in refrigeration. The present investigation on domestic refrigerator was designed and developed with PCM placed on the condenser side to study the thermal performance numerically. CFD analysis of the proposed refrigerator was performed by varying the outer diameter to (25 mm, 20 mm and 15 mm) of PCM encapsulation tube and thermal conductivity of the PCM to (5%, 10%, 15% and 20% augmentation). The surface temperature of condenser decreased with increasing thermal conductivity because of the enhanced heat transfer characteristics, achieving a minimum surface temperature of 31°C for 20% thermal conductivity case. The proposed domestic refrigerator integrated with PCM on the condenser side, shows promising reduction in energy consumption, consequently mitigating the emissions and ushering new energy efficient technology.
Inhibitory Mechanism of Tangzhiqing on Sucrase: Changed inhibitory kinetics and secondary molecular conformation of sucrase and chemical components from Tangzhiqing
Authors: Li Yanfen , Zhu Mengyao , Wang Ruihua , Xia Xin , Jiang Ting , Wang Fengying , Gao Xuelian , Tian Shuang , Li Ziqiang , Huang Yuhong
Published: December 2024

Background Tangzhiqing (TZQ), a component-based herbal medicine, has been reported to have postprandial hypoglycemic effects on sucrose in humans. Sucrase, a type of α-glucosidase enzyme, breaks down sucrose into its monomers, glucose and fructose. This study investigated the inhibitory activity of TZQ against sucrase and the conformational changes in sucrase induced by interactions between sucrase and TZQ.
Methods Sucrose was used as an indicator substrate. After confirming the suitable reaction concentrations and time, an assay of the inhibitory activity of TZQ against sucrase was performed with a series of TZQ concentrations ranging from 0.7 to 22 μg/mL. The inhibition kinetics were analyzed in the presence and absence of TZQ or acarbose. Acarbose was used as a positive control drug. The changes in the secondary structure changes of sucrase in the presence and absence of TZQ were determined by circular dichroism spectroscopy. To investigate the pharmacological basis of the inhibitory effect of TZQ, we used a UPLC-Q-TOF/MS method to identify TZQ components. Molecular docking studies were carried out to explore the binding ability of sucrase and potential active ingredients in TZQ.
Results TZQ showed a notable inhibitory activity against sucrase in a reversible and uncompetitive manner. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of TZQ and acarbose were 1.49 ± 0.07 and 3.94 ± 0.07 μg/mL, respectively, indicating that TZQ possesses has a considerable inhibitory effect similar to that of acarbose. Circular dichroism results revealed that the binding of TZQ to sucrase causes a rearrangement of the secondary structure of sucrase , with an increase in the content of α-helix components and a decrease in the content of β-sheet components, therefore inhibiting enzyme activity. A total of 64 chemical ingredients were identified from TZQ via UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. In addition to having a binding energy of less than -5 kcal/mol, the potential active ingredients of TZQ, including paeoniflorin, vitexin, chlorogenic acid, and salvianolic acid A, strongly affect the structure of sucrase through π accumulation or salt bridge formation, thus inhibiting its activity and lowering glucose.
Conclusion These findings provide a new insight into the inhibitory mechanism of TZQ on sucrase, which may be beneficial for the reasonable use of component-based Chinese medicine to prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus as a novel α-glycosidase inhibitor.
Clinical Trial Number ：Not applicable.
Scientific analysis of corrosion products on Han Dynasty iron swords excavated from Tuchengpo Cemetery in Wushan, Chongqing, China
Authors: Di Zhouqin , Zhao Xiongwei , Zhang Hui , Shen Wei , Fan Xiaopan
Published: December 2024

Six iron sword samples of the Han Dynasty (206 BC–220 AD) excavated from Tuchengpo Cemetery in Wushan, Chongqing, were characterized by Raman spectroscopy combined with SEM-EDS technology. The results showed that corrosion products on the iron swords were mainly divided into two corrosion layers. Shells of weeping iron were observed, and goethite, lepidocrocite, akaganeite, and calcite were detected in the external layer. Different dense products were distinguished by color, including goethite (orange), lepidocrocite (reddish-brown), akaganeite (yellowish-brown), magnetite (black), and hematite (red) in the internal layer. Element chlorine was also detected in the samples. The distribution of chlorine was consistent with the rust zones in the internal layer. Furthermore, the formations of corrosion products and rust zones in iron sword samples were related to the burial environment and manufacturing process. This study emphasizes the importance of the non-destructive research and in situ analysis of corrosion products on archaeological iron objects.