bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adapting a Person’s Home in 3D Using a Mobile App (MapIt): Participatory Design Framework Investigating the App’s Acceptability
Authors: Guay Manon , Labbé Mathieu , Séguin-Tremblay Noémie , Auger Claudine , Goyer Geneviève , Veloza Emily , Chevalier Natalie , Polgar Jan , Michaud François
Published: April 2021

Background

Home adaptation processes enhancing occupational engagement rely on identifying environmental barriers, generally during time-consuming home visits performed by occupational therapists (OTs). Relevance of a 3D model to the OT’s work has been attested, but a convenient and consumer-available technology to map the home environment in 3D is currently lacking. For instance, such a technology would support the exploration of home adaptations for a person with disability, with or without an OT visit.

Objective

The aim of this study was to document the development and acceptability of a 3D mapping eHealth technology, optimizing its contribution to the OT’s work when conducting assessments in which home representations are essential to fit a person’s needs.

Methods

A user-centered perspective, embedded in a participatory design framework where users are considered as research partners (not as just study participants), is reported. OTs, engineers, clinicians, researchers, and students, as well as the relatives of older adults contributed by providing ongoing feedback (eg, demonstrations, brainstorming, usability testing, questionnaires, prototyping). System acceptability, as per the Nielsen model, is documented by deductively integrating the data.

Results

A total of 24 stakeholders contributed significantly to MapIt technology’s co-design over a span of 4 years. Fueled by the objective to enhance MapIt’s acceptability, 11 iterations lead to a mobile app to scan a room and produce its 3D model in less than 5 minutes. The app is available for smartphones and paired with computer software. Scanning, visualization, and automatic measurements are done on a smartphone equipped with a motion sensor and a camera with depth perception, and the computer software facilitates visualization, while allowing custom measurement of architectural elements directly on the 3D model. Stakeholders’ perception was favorable regarding MapIt’s acceptability, testifying to its usefulness (ie, usability and utility). Residual usability issues as well as concerns about accessibility and scan rendering still need to be addressed to foster its integration to a clinical context.

Conclusions

MapIt allows to scan a room quickly and simply, providing a 3D model from images taken in real-world settings and to remotely but jointly explore home adaptations to enhance a person’s occupational engagement.
Surveillance of the Second Wave of COVID-19 in Europe: Longitudinal Trend Analyses
Authors: Post Lori , Culler Kasen , Moss Charles B , Murphy Robert L , Achenbach Chad J , Ison Michael G , Resnick Danielle , Singh Lauren Nadya , White Janine , Boctor Michael J , Welch Sarah B , Oehmke James Francis
Published: April 2021

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted Europe, resulting in a high caseload and deaths that varied by country. The second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic has breached the borders of Europe. Public health surveillance is necessary to inform policy and guide leaders.

Objective

This study aimed to provide advanced surveillance metrics for COVID-19 transmission that account for weekly shifts in the pandemic, speed, acceleration, jerk, and persistence, to better understand countries at risk for explosive growth and those that are managing the pandemic effectively.

Methods

We performed a longitudinal trend analysis and extracted 62 days of COVID-19 data from public health registries. We used an empirical difference equation to measure the daily number of cases in Europe as a function of the prior number of cases, the level of testing, and weekly shift variables based on a dynamic panel model that was estimated using the generalized method of moments approach by implementing the Arellano-Bond estimator in R.

Results

New COVID-19 cases slightly decreased from 158,741 (week 1, January 4-10, 2021) to 152,064 (week 2, January 11-17, 2021), and cumulative cases increased from 22,507,271 (week 1) to 23,890,761 (week 2), with a weekly increase of 1,383,490 between January 10 and January 17. France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom had the largest 7-day moving averages for new cases during week 1. During week 2, the 7-day moving average for France and Spain increased. From week 1 to week 2, the speed decreased (37.72 to 33.02 per 100,000), acceleration decreased (0.39 to –0.16 per 100,000), and jerk increased (–1.30 to 1.37 per 100,000).

Conclusions

The United Kingdom, Spain, and Portugal, in particular, are at risk for a rapid expansion in COVID-19 transmission. An examination of the European region suggests that there was a decrease in the COVID-19 caseload between January 4 and January 17, 2021. Unfortunately, the rates of jerk, which were negative for Europe at the beginning of the month, reversed course and became positive, despite decreases in speed and acceleration. Finally, the 7-day persistence rate was higher during week 2 than during week 1. These measures indicate that the second wave of the pandemic may be subsiding, but some countries remain at risk for new outbreaks and increased transmission in the absence of rapid policy responses.
Public Discourse Against Masks in the COVID-19 Era: Infodemiology Study of Twitter Data (Preprint)
Authors: Al-Ramahi Mohammad , Elnoshokaty Ahmed , El-Gayar Omar , Nasralah Tareq , Wahbeh Abdullah
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Despite scientific evidence supporting the importance of wearing masks to curtail the spread of COVID-19, wearing masks has stirred up a significant debate particularly on social media.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the topics associated with the public discourse against wearing masks in the United States. We also studied the relationship between the anti-mask discourse on social media and the number of new COVID-19 cases.

METHODS

We collected a total of 51,170 English tweets between January 1, 2020, and October 27, 2020, by searching for hashtags against wearing masks. We used machine learning techniques to analyze the data collected. We investigated the relationship between the volume of tweets against mask-wearing and the daily volume of new COVID-19 cases using a Pearson correlation analysis between the two-time series.

RESULTS

The results and analysis showed that social media could help identify important insights related to wearing masks. The results of topic mining identified 10 categories or themes of user concerns dominated by (1) constitutional rights and freedom of choice; (2) conspiracy theory, population control, and big pharma; and (3) fake news, fake numbers, and fake pandemic. Altogether, these three categories represent almost 65% of the volume of tweets against wearing masks. The relationship between the volume of tweets against wearing masks and newly reported COVID-19 cases depicted a strong correlation wherein the rise in the volume of negative tweets led the rise in the number of new cases by 9 days.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings demonstrated the potential of mining social media for understanding the public discourse about public health issues such as wearing masks during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results emphasized the relationship between the discourse on social media and the potential impact on real events such as changing the course of the pandemic. Policy makers are advised to proactively address public perception and work on shaping this perception through raising awareness, debunking negative sentiments, and prioritizing early policy intervention toward the most prevalent topics.
Interrupting Sitting Time in Postmenopausal Women: Protocol for the Rise for Health Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Hartman Sheri J , Dillon Lindsay W , LaCroix Andrea Z , Natarajan Loki , Sears Dorothy D , Owen Neville , Dunstan David W , Sallis James F , Schenk Simon , Allison Matthew , Takemoto Michelle , Herweck Alexandra M , Nguyen Bao , Rosenberg Dori E
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Many older adults spend the majority of their waking hours sitting, which increases their risk of chronic diseases. Given the challenges that many older adults face when engaging in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, understanding the health benefits of decreasing sitting time and increasing the number of sit-to-stand transitions is needed to address this growing public health concern.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this 3-arm randomized controlled trial is to investigate how changes in sitting time and brief sit-to-stand transitions impact biomarkers of healthy aging and physical, emotional, and cognitive functioning compared with a healthy attention control arm.

METHODS

Sedentary and postmenopausal women (N=405) will be recruited and randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 study conditions for 3 months: healthy living attention control (Healthy Living), reduce sitting time (Reduce Sitting), and increase sit-to-stand transitions (Increase Transitions). Assessments conducted at baseline and 3 months included fasting blood draw, blood pressure, anthropometric measurements, physical functioning, cognitive testing, and 7 days of a thigh-worn accelerometer (activPAL) and a hip-worn accelerometer (ActiGraph). Blood-based biomarkers of healthy aging included those associated with glycemic control (glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma insulin and glucose, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance).

RESULTS

Recruitment began in May 2018. The intervention is ongoing, with data collection expected to continue through the end of 2022.

CONCLUSIONS

The Rise for Health study is designed to test whether 2 different approaches to interrupting sitting time can improve healthy aging in postmenopausal women. Results from this study may inform the development of sedentary behavior guidelines and interventions to reduce sitting time in older adults.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03473145; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03473145

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/28684
Social Media Opinions on Working From Home in the United States During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Xiong Ziyu , Li Pin , Lyu Hanjia , Luo Jiebo
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Since March 2020, companies nationwide have started work from home (WFH) owing to the rapid increase of confirmed COVID-19 cases in an attempt to help prevent the disease from spreading and to rescue the economy from the pandemic. Many organizations have conducted surveys to understand people’s opinions toward WFH. However, the findings are limited owing to a small sample size and the dynamic topics over time.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to understand public opinions regarding WFH in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

We conducted a large-scale social media study using Twitter data to portray different groups of individuals who have positive or negative opinions on WFH. We performed an ordinary least squares regression analysis to investigate the relationship between the sentiment about WFH and user characteristics including gender, age, ethnicity, median household income, and population density. To better understand the public opinion, we used latent Dirichlet allocation to extract topics and investigate how tweet contents are related to people’s attitude.

RESULTS

On performing ordinary least squares regression analysis using a large-scale data set of publicly available Twitter posts (n=28,579) regarding WFH during April 10-22, 2020, we found that the sentiment on WFH varies across user characteristics. In particular, women tend to be more positive about WFH (P<.001). People in their 40s are more positive toward WFH than those in other age groups (P<.001). People from high-income areas are more likely to have positive opinions about WFH (P<.001). These nuanced differences are supported by a more fine-grained topic analysis. At a higher level, we found that the most negative sentiment about WFH roughly corresponds to the discussion on government policy. However, people express a more positive sentiment when discussing topics on “remote work or study” and “encouragement.” Furthermore, topic distributions vary across different user groups. Women pay more attention to family activities than men (P<.05). Older people talk more about work and express a more positive sentiment regarding WFH.

CONCLUSIONS

This paper presents a large-scale social media–based study to understand the public opinion on WFH in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic. We hope that this study can contribute to policymaking both at the national and institution or company levels to improve the overall population’s experience with WFH.
The Cost-effectiveness of a Mass Media Campaign to Promote Smartphone Apps for Weight Loss: Updated Modeling Study (Preprint)
Authors: Jones Amanda C , Grout Leah , Wilson Nick , Nghiem Nhung , Cleghorn Christine
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Evidence suggests that smartphone apps can be effective in the self-management of weight. Given the low cost, broad reach, and apparent effectiveness of weight loss apps, governments may seek to encourage their uptake as a tool to reduce excess weight in the population. Mass media campaigns are 1 mechanism for promoting app use. However, the cost and potential cost-effectiveness are important considerations.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of our study was to use modeling to assess the health impacts, health system costs, cost-effectiveness, and health equity of a mass media campaign to promote high-quality smartphone apps for weight loss in New Zealand.

METHODS

We used an established proportional multistate life table model that simulates the 2011 New Zealand adult population over the lifetime, subgrouped by age, sex, and ethnicity (Māori [Indigenous] or non-Māori). The risk factor was BMI. The model compared business as usual to a one-off mass media campaign intervention, which included the pooled effect size from a recent meta-analysis of smartphone weight loss apps. The resulting impact on BMI and BMI-related diseases was captured through changes in health gain (quality-adjusted life years) and in health system costs. The difference in total health system costs was the net sum of intervention costs and downstream cost offsets because of altered disease rates. An annual discount rate of 3% was applied to health gains and health system costs. Multiple scenarios and sensitivity analyses were conducted, including an equity adjustment.

RESULTS

Across the remaining lifetime of the modeled 2011 New Zealand population, the mass media campaign to promote weight loss app use had an estimated overall health gain of 181 (95% uncertainty interval 113-270) quality-adjusted life years and health care costs of –NZ $606,000 (–US $408,000; 95% uncertainty interval –NZ $2,540,000 [–US $1,709,000] to NZ $907,000 [US $610,000]). The mean health care costs were negative, representing overall savings to the health system. Across the outcomes examined in this study, the modeled mass media campaign to promote weight loss apps among the general population would be expected to provide higher per capita health gain for Māori and hence reduce health inequities arising from high BMI, assuming that the intervention would be as effective for Māori as it is for non-Māori.

CONCLUSIONS

A modeled mass media campaign to encourage the adoption of smartphone apps to promote weight loss among the New Zealand adult population is expected to yield an overall gain in health and to be cost-saving to the health system. Although other interventions in the nutrition and physical activity space are even more beneficial to health and produce larger cost savings (eg, fiscal policies and food reformulation), governments may choose to include strategies to promote health app use as complementary measures.
Effects of an Immersive Virtual Reality Exergame on University Students’ Anxiety, Depression, and Perceived Stress: Pilot Feasibility and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Xu Wenge , Liang Hai-Ning , Baghaei Nilufar , Ma Xiaoyue , Yu Kangyou , Meng Xuanru , Wen Shaoyue
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of students with depression, anxiety, and perceived stress. A solution that has been increasingly used for improving health and well-being is exergaming. The effects and acceptability of exergames have been studied widely but mostly with older adults. The feasibility and usability of exergames among university students, especially those of immersive virtual reality (iVR) exergames, remain unexplored.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore the feasibility of a 6-week iVR exergame–based intervention in reducing anxiety, depression, and perceived stress among university students and to examine the usability and acceptability of such games.

METHODS

A total of 31 university students were recruited to participate in a 6-week study in which they needed to play a boxing-style iVR exergame called FitXR (FitXR Limited) twice per week (30 minutes per session). Their anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory), depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II), and perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale) levels were measured before and after intervention.

RESULTS

A total of 15 participants completed the 6-week study. Our results suggested that participants’ mean depression scores decreased significantly from 8.33 (SD 5.98) to 5.40 (SD 5.14) after the intervention (P=.01). In addition, most participants (14/15, 93%) believed that the iVR exergame has good usability. Furthermore, most participants (14/15, 93%) were satisfied with the iVR gameplay experience and would play the iVR exergame again in the future. Of the 15 participants, 11 (73%) would recommend the iVR exergame to their friends.

CONCLUSIONS

The results gained from this study show that the iVR exergame has good usability, is highly acceptable, and has the potential to reduce depression levels among university students.
How market orientation induces small business performance: The role of strategic fits
Authors: Ngo Quang-Huy
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study is to shed light on how strategic fits between market orientation and the prospector strategy leads to higher performance of small businesses in Vietnam. This study draws from the contingency theory of organization to propose that strategic fits in small businesses represent by prospector strategy's mediating effects on the link between market orientation and these small businesses' performance. Data collected from 161 small businesses in Vietnam was examined. PLS-SEM was used to assess the research framework. The results reveal that the fit between market orientation and the prospector strategy, represented by the full mediating effects of this strategy, is essential to determine the performance improvement of small businesses in Vietnam. For the findings, this study provides some practical implications for small business owners in Vietnam. This study also contributes to the strategic management literature by providing empirical evidence, which suggests the strategic fits between prospector strategy and market orientation induces performance. This study also overcomes the limitations relating to the proposals of the analytic framework to assess strategic fits. Lastly, this study extends to strategic management literature by examining the role of strategic fit in small businesses' contexts.
DIÁLOGOS POSSÍVEIS: articulação de saberes locais com o ensino de Botânica
Authors: Nogueira Batista Leandro , VICENTE DE SOUZA AGUIAR JOSÉ
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho se configura a partir do resultado da pesquisa no âmbito do mestrado acadêmico do Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação e Ensino de Ciências na Amazônia, e tem por objetivo a compreensão do diálogo entre o saber local sobre o cultivo da mandioca com o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de Botânica no Ensino Médio a partir da articulação entre diferentes saberes. Visa, ainda, ressaltar a necessidade de evidenciar um saber com base nas experiências de vida que são constituídas de significados para os sujeitos que as experienciam, embora tais sujeitos sejam, às vezes, ofuscados e considerados como acríticos, ingênuos e não-ocidentalizados, dentre outras denominações, em detrimento de outro saber considerado científico. Essa compreensão se faz necessária para questionar a ideia de que ambos conhecimentos (local e científico) são incomensuráveis. Quando articulados aos conhecimentos escolares podem fazer sentido, além de poderem ser aplicados na tomada de decisões acerca de problemas reais do cotidiano. Os resultados foram analisados de maneira interpretativa numa perspectiva fenomenológica, apontam a contribuição para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem em Botânica a partir do estabelecimento de um diálogo entre o saber local sobre o cultivo da mandioca, sobretudo no que diz respeito à percepção dos estudantes no que tange à relação com o ensino e sua cotidianidade.
DESIGNING VIRTUAL WORKPLACE USING UNITY 3D GAME ENGINE
Authors: Gabajová Gabriela , Krajčovič Martin , Matys Marián , Furmannová Beáta , Burganová Natália
Published: April 2021

Designing a workplace may be a challenging task. It is important to make sure that the new workplace will prevent unnecessary resource waste, but also create a safe working environment for employees. Therefore, creating a virtual copy of the workplace before its real-life implementation may help to eliminate design shortcomings. This article presents a methodology of creating a virtual workplace using a game engine – Unity 3D. The methodology describes basic principles and methods used for the creation of virtual workplace, from initial analysis to utilization. The user then can use a VR head-mounted device to see small details and possible shortcomings. Effectiveness of methodology was then evaluated by using it to visualize a bar-processing workplace.
IMAGING IN DENTISTRY, OTOLARYNGOLOGYAND OPHTHALMOLOGY
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: April 2021

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Metode Forward Chaining untuk Deteksi Penyakit Pada Tanaman Kentang
Authors: Ahmad Nazaruddin , Iskandar
Published: April 2021

Kentang merupakan komoditi sayuran yang terbesar di Indonesia. Indonesia merupakan negara agraris yang merupakan wilayah yang sangat baik untuk pertanian. Sebagai negara agraris tentunya harus memiliki hasil panen yang baik dan besar terutama untuk tanaman kentang. Karena tanaman kentang merupakan komoditi yang sangat banyak dicari oleh konsumen. Teknologi informasi semakin hari semakin berkembang, tidak hanya didunia bisnis tetapi sudah masuk ke segala aspek kehidupan manusia baik itu bidang pendidikan, pemerintahan dan juga pertanian. Pemanfaatan teknologi sangat membantu dalam menyelesaikan pekerjaan dan pengambilan keputusan. Sistem pakar dapat merepresentasikan pengetahuan yang dimiliki oleh pakar/ahli kemudian dimasukkan kedalam komputersehingga akan menghasilkan komputer yang memiliki pengetahuan seperti pakar/ahli. Metode yang digunakan untuk perancangan sistem pakar ini adalah forward chaining yaitu suatu metode penalaran kedepan yang menjadikan fakta-fakta sebagai representasi pengetahuan untuk mendapatkan kesimpulan. Gejala-gejala peyakit yang ada pada tanaman kentang dikombinasikan dengan kaidah produksi IF-THEN yang terdiri dari premis dan konsekuen sehingga menghasilkan konklusi yang tepat.
Perancangan Sistem Simpan Pinjam Kredit Union Bina Seroja
Authors: Yansen Arkadius , Mufti Abdul
Published: April 2021

Tujuan Perancangan Sistem Simpan Pinjam Kredit Union Bina Seroja untuk memberikan kemudahan kepada para petugas administrasi dalam menjalankan sekaligus memproses kegiatan layanan sehari-hari di Koperasi Bina Seroja, selain itu juga agar dapat mengefisiensi waktu dalam pelayanannya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Research and Development yaitu metode yang menggunakan fakta dan analisis perbandingan. Metode penelitian ini digunakan untuk menghasilkan produk tertentu, dan menguji keefektifan produk tersebut. Dimana model dalam penelitian pengembangan ini adalah model prosedural, yaitu model yang bersifat deskriptif dan menggariskan pada langkah-langkah pengembangan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah mengatasi keterlambatan yang terjadi dalam pembuatan laporan harian yang disebabkan oleh sistem yang kurang mendukung dalam kinerja administrasi dalam melayani anggota. Selain mengatasi keterlambatan, penulis juga membantu mengurangi manipulasi data yang tidak sesuai dengan penginputan data.
PEMBIAYAAN PROFIT & LOSS SHARING PADA BANK SYARIAH (ANALISA PANDANGAN PRAKTISI PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI ACEH)
Authors: Dhiwa Malem , Khalidin Bismi , Furqani Hafas
Published: April 2021

Studi ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan permasalahan pembiayaan profit & loss sharing pada bank syariah (analisa pandangan praktisi perbankan syariah di Aceh). Hasil penelitan menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Praktik pembiayaan PLS pada industri perbankan syariah di Aceh telah mematuhi fatwa DSN-MUI tentang pembiayaan PLS; 2) Praktisi industri perbankan syariah di Aceh telah mengetahui fatwa DSN-MUI tentang pembiayaan PLS; 3) Praktisi industri perbankan syariah di Aceh telah mematuhi fatwa DSN-MUI pembiayaan PLS; 4) Praktik pembiayaan PLS pada industri perbankan syariah di Aceh telah mematuhi fakta DSN-MUI pembiayaan PLS. 5) Membahas peluang dan saran dalam pengembangan perbankan syariah. Metode penelitian ini merupakan deskriptif analisis dengan pendekatan normatif. Dalam penelitian ini akan dideskripsikan secara rinci dan sistematis mengenai pembiayaan PLS (fokus pada pembiayaan murabahah dan pembiayaan musyarakah) pada industri perbankan syariah di Aceh (Sebuah analisa terhadap pandangan praktisi). Adapun teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling yaitu setiap responden yang memenuhi kriteria sampel dimasukkan dalam penelitian ini dalam waktu yang telah di tentukan. Penelitian tentang analisis pembiayaan profit & loss sharing pada bank syariah (analisa pandangan praktisi perbankan syariah di Aceh) menggunakan skala Guttman, yaitu skala yang menginginkan jawaban tegas yang bersifat jelas dan konsisten seperti benar-salah, ya-tidak, dan sebagainya. Skala ini dikembangkan oleh Louis Guttman. Skala Guttman mengukur suatu dimensi saja dari suatu variable yang multidimensi. Skala ini dapat pula dibentuk checklist atau pilihan ganda. Jawaban responden dapat berupa skor tertinggi bernilai (1) dan skor terendah (0). Misalnya untuk jawaban “ya” bernilai (1) sedangkan untuk jawaban “tidak” bernilai (0). Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan pada penelitian ini maka dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa Praktik pembiayaan PLS pada industri perbankan syariah di Aceh telah mematuhi fatwa DSN-MUI.
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI AKAD MUSYARAKAH PADA BPR SYARIAH DI PROVINSI ACEH
Authors: Sugito Sugito , A. Wahid Nazaruddin , Zulhilmi Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Perkembangan kinerja BPR Syariah yang ada di provinsi Aceh semakin meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Namun yang disayangkan, implementasi akad musyarakah sebagai salah satu produk pembiayaan masih kecil diterapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui implementasi akad musyarakah pada BPR Syariah di Provinsi Aceh, dan untuk mengetahui penyebab masih kecilnya realisasi penyaluran akad pembiayaan musyarakah serta untuk mengkaji analisis SWOT terhadap akad musyarakah tersebut. Metode yang digunakan untuk menjawab permasalahan dalam penelitian menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi akad musyarakah pada BPRS di provinsi Aceh yaitu dengan melakukan pengajuan pembiayaan kepada BPRS, dan mengikuti seluruh tahapan mekanisme yang diarahkan oleh BPRS. Sedangkan penyebab kecilnya penerapan akad musyarakah di BPRS Provinsi Aceh disebabkan karena akad musyarakah resiko lebih tinggi ketimbang dengan pembiayaan lainnya, nasabah belum siap dengan akad musyarakah dan sistem bagi hasilnya. Analisis SWOT terhadap akad musyarakah pada BPRS Provinsi Aceh adalah: kekuatannya lokasi kantor BPRS berada di daerah yang strategis, kemudian bank syariah lain masih sedikit yang melakukan akad musyarakah, dan BPRS beroperasi atas dasar prinsip syariah yang sedang diminati oleh banyak kalangan. Kelemahan: kurangnya sosialisasi dan edukasi terhadap masyarakat, produk yang kurang dikenal, kurangnya pemasaran dan promosi, serta sumber daya insani yang kurang memadai. Peluang: pesaing masih sedikit dan banyaknya pusat perdagangan di sekitar lokasi BPRS. Tantangan: masyarakat yang belum tau tentang sistem bagi hasil dan kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap produk musyarakah.
Investigating the causal relationship between financial development and carbon emission in the emerging country
Authors: Hasan Hafnida , Oudat Mohammad Salem , Alsmadi Ayman Abdalmajeed , Nurfahasdi Meutia , Ali Basel J. A.
Published: April 2021

The current study investigates the causality relationship between financial development and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission in Bahrain by adopting time series data from 1980–2018. The vector error correction model (VECM) is employed as an appropriate model in order to analyse the data. While the augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test was used in order to detect the stationary variables. However, the domestic per capita has been used as a proxy of economic growth, while financial development is measured by domestic credit provided by the financial sector. The results indicate that there is a long-term association amongst all intended variables at a 5% significant level. Meanwhile, only financial development has an impact on carbon emission in the short term. For the Granger causality test, only financial development and population led positive impact on CO2, while carbon emission does not Granger-cause financial development and population. However, the study findings did not support the hypothesis of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), and these findings are in line with other previous empirical findings (Saidi & Mbarek, 2017). These findings are essential and contribute to policymakers controlling credit policies that confirm that the loans availed by the financial sector to the domestic firms are used as friendly machinery tools for the environment that can decrease CO2 emission.
Is There any Effect of lycopene’s preventing peritoneal adhesion formation in rats: An Experimental Study
Authors: Bilgi Ahmet , Terek Mustafa Cosan , Yigitturk Gurkan , Taskıran Dilek , İlgen Orkun , Hortu İsmet , kulhan mehmet
Published: April 2021

Objective Purpose of the study; to demonstrate the effects of lycopene
on the prevention of intraabdominal adhesions in rats with biochemical,
histological and macroscopic parameters. Material methods Twenty eight
rats were divided into four groups consisting of 7 rats each. Group 1
[only adhesion], Group 2 [adhesion+corn oil], Group 3
[adhesion+ 5 mg/kg lycopene], Group 4 [ adhesion+20 mg / kg
lycopene]. Macroscopic adhesion score, histopathological examination,
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) H-score, malondialdehyde,
total anioxidant capacity and VEGF values were measured in the groups.
Results There were significantly higher extend [P < 0.05],
severity [P < 0.05], degree [P < 0.05] and
total adhesion [P < 0.05] scores in the control group and
corn-oil group than in the low lycopene group and high lycopene group.
VEGF H-scores were significantly lower in lycopene-given groups,
regardless of dose. When low lycopene group and high lycopene group were
compared in terms of anti VEGF H-score, no significant difference was
observed. Malondialdehyde levels were statistically significantly lower
in the control group and high lycopene group [p<0.05].
Conclusion Biochemical parameters, histopathological examination, and
adhesion scoring revealed that lycopene significantly reduced adhesion
formation.
Ocular toxicity with TKI therapy in CML
Authors: Couto Maria Eduarda , Oliveira Isabel , Estrela-Silva Sérgio , Mariz José
Published: April 2021

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors are the standard treatment for Chronic
Myeloid Leukemia. They have significantly improved the response rate and
global survival in the long term for CML patients, but also added
relevant and diverse toxicity. The authors report a clinical case of
ocular toxicity connected to the TKIs.
Lack of MECP2 gene transcription on the duplicated alleles of two MECP2 duplication females with opposite skewed X chromosome inactivation
Authors: Sun Yixi , Yang Yali , Luo Yuqin , Chen Min , Wang Liya , Huang Yingzhi , Yang Yanmei , Dong Mingyue
Published: April 2021

Xq28 (involving MECP2) duplication syndrome is a severe
neurodevelopmental disorder in males, most females are asymptomatic
carriers, but there are phenotypic heterogeneities in the females.
Skewed X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) seems to prevent duplicated
region activation in asymptomatic females, but it remains controversial.
Herein we reported two asymptomatic females (daughter and mother) with
interstitial Xq28 duplication. HUMARA and RP2 assays showed that both
had complete skewed XCI, the Xq28 duplicated chromosome was inactivated
in the daughter, but surprisingly, it was activated in her mother.
Interestingly, by combining RNA sequencing and whole-exome sequencing,
we confirmed that XIST only expressed in the Xq28 duplication
chromosomes of the two females, indicating that the Xq28 duplication
chromosomes were inactive. Meanwhile, MECP2 and most XCI genes in the
duplicated X-chromosomes were not transcriptionally expressed or
upregulated, precluding major clinical phenotypes in the two females,
especially the mother. We showed that XCI status detected by RNA
sequencing was more relevant for establishing the clinical phenotype of
MECP2 duplication females. It suggested there were other factors
maintaining the XCI status in addition to DNA methylation, a possible
additional inhibition mechanism occured at the transcriptional level in
the unmethylated X-chromosome, counter balancing the MECP2 duplication’s
detrimental phenotype effects
Mathematical model of optimal chemotherapy and oncolytic virotherapy
Authors: Shamsara Elham , Esmaily Habibollah , Bahrampour Abbas
Published: April 2021

In this paper, a mathematical model of fighting against cancer tumor growth
by a combination of oncolytic virotherapy and chemotherapy is introduced. In
this model, we considered two time delays ?1 and ?2. The time delay ?1 shows
the lag of transmission of infection from oncolytic virus to tumor cells. A
lot of kind of cancers, symptoms are diagnosed at a late stage and as a
consequence the chemotherapy approach start with a lag. Thus, we take this
delay into account by presenting the time delay ?2 in the control variable.
Therefore, in this study, delay parameters are used for both state and
control variables. The Pontryagin minimum principle with delays in both
state and control is used to obtain an optimal model for the treatment to
minimize the side effect as well as the cost of the treatment.
Beetle antennae search for neural network model with application to population prediction: An intelligent optimization algorithm
Authors: Wu Qing , Wang Jie , Xu Gang , Li Shuai , Chen Dechao
Published: April 2021

Traditional back-propagation (BP) neural networks can implement complex
nonlinear mapping relationships, and solve internal mechanism problems.
However, as number of samples increases, training BP neural
networks may consume a lot of time. For this reason, to improve the efficiency
as well as prediction accuracy of the neural network model, in this paper,
we propose an intelligent optimization algorithm, by leveraging the beetle
antennae search (BAS) strategy to optimize the weights of neural network
model, and apply it to the population prediction. A series of experiments
demonstrate the improved accuracy of the proposed algorithm over BP neural
networks. In particular, the calculation time spent of neural network model
via the proposed algorithm is only 20% of the one of BP neural network
model. Finally, we present a reasonable trend of population growth in China,
and analyze the causes of changes in population trends, which may provide an
effective basis for the department to adjust population development
strategies
Overexpression of Nrf2 in Renal Proximal Tubular Cells Stimulates Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Expression and Exacerbates Dysglycemia and Kidney Injury in Diabetic Mice
Authors: Zhao Shuiling , Lo Chao-Sheng , Miyata Kana N. , Ghosh Anindya , Zhao Xin-Ping , Chenier Isabelle , Cailhier Jean-Francois , Ethier Jean , Lattouf Jean-Baptiste , Filep Janos G. , Ingelfinger Julie R. , Zhang Shao-Ling , Chan John S.D.
Published: April 2021

We investigated the impact of nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) overexpression in renal proximal tubular cells (RPTCs) on blood glucose, kidney injury, and sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (Sglt2) expression in diabetic Akita Nrf2−/−/Nrf2RPTC transgenic (Tg) mice. Immortalized human RPTCs (HK2) stably transfected with plasmid containing the SGLT2 promoter and human kidneys from patients with diabetes were also studied. Nrf2 overexpression was associated with increased blood glucose, glomerular filtration rate, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and Sglt2 expression in Akita Nrf2−/−/Nrf2RPTC Tg mice compared with their Akita Nrf2−/− littermates. In vitro, oltipraz or transfection of NRF2 cDNA stimulated SGLT2 expression and SGLT2 promoter activity in HK2, and these effects were inhibited by trigonelline or NRF2 siRNA. The deletion of the NRF2-responsive element (NRF2-RE) in the SGLT2 promoter abolished the stimulatory effect of oltipraz on SGLT2 promoter activity. NRF2 binding to the NRF2-RE of the SGLT2 promoter was confirmed by gel mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Kidneys from patients with diabetes exhibited higher levels of NRF2 and SGLT2 in the RPTCs than kidneys from patients without diabetes. These results suggest a link by which NRF2 mediates hyperglycemia stimulation of SGLT2 expression and exacerbates blood glucose and kidney injury in diabetes.
MAJOR EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT VISUALIZATION METHODS REVIEW
Authors:   Scientific Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital №1, Trofimenko A.I. , Pevzner D.A. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Lazarev V.V. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Lysov E.E. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Parasunko T.R. ,   Kuban State Medical University
Published: April 2021

Embryonic development is one of the most important stages in the formation of the animal organism, so its study never lost its relevance. However, today, the detailed process of embryo development remains behind the «screen» that nature created by itself, which in turn creates certain technical difficulties that can be coped with by various methods of visualization of the embryo that are presented in this article. These are not only relatively simple 2D techniques that permit to see the embryo in the plane, but also novel 3D techniques that permit observation of an embryo in its volumetric structure. Since invasive methods are associated with unfavourable consequences during observation of the embryo, which produce a negative effect on the obtained scientific data and can lead to their misinterpretation, recently, non-invasive methods are more often used that allow to preserve the integrity of the structures of the embryo and reduce the risk of developmental disorders that occur during the observation process. The time-lapse technology was an innovative discovery which permits to visualize real-time events during embryonic development. Time-lapse is a frame-by-frame shooting, which collects the obtained static images into one continuous video. Frame montage is carried out using special equipment. This system has found application in a large number of scientific experiments. High resolution of modern technical devices permits to observe the formation of embryonic structures, to make a real assessment of an embryo growth and development according to the established parameters, and to observe changes induced by different factors.
BIOCHEMICAL AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DYSFERLIN- ASSOCIATED MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY
Authors:   Ryazan State Medical University, Zakharov A.S. , Korotkova N.V. ,   Ryazan State Medical University, Mzhavanadze N.D. ,   Ryazan State Medical University, Nikiforov A.A. ,   Ryazan State Medical University
Published: April 2021

Dysferlin is a transmembrane calcium-binding protein of the ferlin-1-like protein family, which includes myoferlin Fer1L3, otoferlin Fer1L2 and other ferlins Fer1L4, Fer1L5, and Fer1L6 along with dysferlin itself. Dysferlin is synthesized in all cells of the body, but most actively – in the symplasts of striated muscle tissue. The full range of functions performed by this protein is not fully clarified, but the following have been clearly shown: participation in the post-injury repair of sarcolemma and intracellular vesicular systems, generation and maintenance of the correct functioning of the sarcolemmal T-tubule system, regulation of endo- and exocytosis and inflammation, participation in phagocytosis. Mutations in the dysferlin gene lead to the development of a number of neuromuscular diseases of the autosomal recessive type of inheritance called dysferlinopathies: Miyoshi myopathy, limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B, and distal anterior compartment myopathy. These diseases are characterized by the impaired expression of mRNA and/or the function of the protein dysferlin in skeletal muscles, which is caused by mutations in the DYSF (dystrophy-associated fer-1-like) gene. Although rare, dysferlinopathy is characterized by continuous progression causing severe disability, which explains the importance of research and development of appropriate treatments, including gene therapy. The article presents information on the structure of dysferlin, the mechanisms of its normal functions, as well as the biochemical basis of the pathogenesis of dysferlinopathies.
Psychological resilience and phenomenologically close categories
Authors:   Ryazan State Medical University, Faustova A.G. , Afanas'yeva A.E. ,   Ryazan State Medical University, Vinogradova I.S. ,   Ryazan State Medical University
Published: April 2021

The article provides a theoretical analysis and comparison of the category of “psychological resilience” with other, phenomenologically similar categories (emotional stability, stress resistance, tolerance, etc.). Psychological resilience is a more integral concept, the manifestations of which affect both the personal and social functioning of the subject. A review of scientific research by domestic and foreign authors was carried out. In the domestic psychological science, psychological resilience is considered as a personality trait, its integral characteristic. Foreign authors understand psychological stability as a combination of several properties. Special cases of manifestation of psychological resilience in personally significant situations are shown, especially in the context of psychological traumatization. When describing the emotional sphere and the characteristics of emotional response to personally significant situations, the aspect of resilience plays one of the key roles. Special attention is paid to attempts to develop structural models of psychological resilience and to describe its key components. The basic foundations of psychological resilience (personal qualities; the presence of a trusting relationship with one of the relatives and friends; the presence of social support) and its key characteristics (limit; reserve; variability) are considered. Separately, the ratio of psychological resilience and opposite personal and behavioral manifestations is shown – rigidity, inertia, imbalance, and conservatism.
Features of the mental response of residents of Kazakhstan who seek psychological help during the COVID-2019 pandemic
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, Yan Ye. ,   City Mental Health Center of the Myer of Nur-Sultan
Published: April 2021

The article provides an analysis of international studies dedicated to the identification of mental problems involved among the population of different countries during the COVID-19 pandemic, along with the results of the original study of the symptoms of mental disorders, which citizens of the Republic of Kazakhstan sought private psychological help with during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data obtained are compared with the final indicators of similar studies in other regions of the world, claiming that the main requests are caused by anxiety-depressive symptoms. It was revealed that the manifestations of anxiety and fear associated with the threat of contracting a coronavirus infection, characteristic of the initial period of a pandemic, weaken over time, which may be associated with the phenomenon of desensitization and actual infection. Specific factors are noted, such as the peculiarities of the burial during a pandemic, which can be an aggravating factor in the occurrence of a prolonged grief reaction and a complicated grief reaction. Limitation of social contacts, closure of public institutions, and limited labour activities are considered as factors that enhance anxiety-depressive symptoms and complicate therapeutic interventions. Examples of PTSD symptoms are given, where the fact of illness is considered a traumatic event itself. The information published in some media sources about the possibility of re-infection is considered as a trigger that escalates the alarm. Patients with addictions are seen as a vulnerable population group during a massive pandemic.
Analysis of relationship of the level of behavioral self-regulation and ability to overcome psychological barriers among students
Authors:   N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Gardanova Zh.R. , Manina V.A. ,   Orenburg State Medical University
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the article was a theoretical analysis and experimental research of the problem of the relationship between the level of behavioural self-regulation and the ability to overcome psychological barriers among students. In the theoretical part of study was considered works such scientists as V. Morosanova, N. Podymov, R. Shakurov et al. Authors concluded previous studies have indicated influence of the level of self-regulation on an ability to overcome psychological barriers. The study involved 75 people and was carried out in two stages. The experimental research allows authors to make a conclusion about the influence of the level of behavioural self-regulation and its components, on the ability of students to overcome psychological barriers. This influence consists in the fact that low level of self-regulation of students' behavior and its components inhibits overcoming of psychological barriers among students. The analysis of correlations between the availability of psychological barriers and the features of self-regulation was carried out by means of Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Statistical analysis showed significant correlations between some components of self-regulation as planning, modeling, programming, appraisal of results, the general level of self-regulation and the ability to overcome psychological barriers among students. The results can be applied when developing the system of psychological assistance to students in the formation of the ability to overcome psychological barriers by increasing the skills of behavioural self-regulation. The research data can be introduced into the work of a practical psychologist in education, for drafting of psychocorrection programs aimed at developing students' ability to overcome psychological barriers.