bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Течения в районе устрично-мидийной фермы как фактор оптимального функционирования марихозяйства (Севастополь, Чёрное море)
Authors: Попов М. А. , Ерохин А. В.
Published: January 2018

Исследование течений — одна из первостепенных задач при организации устрично-мидийной фермы. Основное влияние течения оказывают на распределение корма моллюсков, перенос и оседание личинок, снабжение обитателей фермы кислородом. Впервые исследования течений в районе марихозяйства проводили в 1999–2002 гг. Цель настоящей работы — оценка влияния течений на функционирование устрично-мидийной фермы, а также уточнение сведений о течениях в районе марихозяйства. Для измерения скорости и направления течений применяли свободно дрейфующие вехи с различным заглублением демпфера. Координаты трассеров фиксировали с помощью GPS-приёмника Garmin 72 H. Всего за период 2014–2016 гг. проведено 17 пусков вех. Дополнительно изучали скорость и направление ветра в районе фермы. Установлено, что средняя скорость течения в районе фермы на поверхности составила 11 см·с-1, на глубинах 6 и 10 м — 3 см·с-1. При этом абсолютные значения скорости течений варьировали от 0,3 до 23,0 см·с-1 на всех горизонтах. Направления течений на поверхности совпадали с направлением ветра. В редких случаях зафиксированы незначительные отклонения течений, обусловленные рельефом береговой линии и дна. Компенсационные противотечения отмечены в придонных горизонтах Карантинной бухты. Получены доминирующие направления течений с использованием розы повторяемости направлений местного ветра. Наиболее частыми являются направления течений на ферме из открытого моря (южных, юго-восточных и восточных румбов) и Карантинной бухты (северных и северо-восточных румбов). Течения западных и юго-западных румбов, переносящие воды из Севастопольской бухты, более редки. Практически отсутствовали течения северо-западных румбов. В целом скорости и направления течения в акватории устрично-мидийной фермы благоприятны и оптимальны для развития подвесной конхиокультуры.
The Locus of God’s Power
Authors: Willford Andrew C. , Nagarajan S.
Published: January 2018

This chapter explores the conundrum whereby the abyss of symbolic rupture oscillates with the reconstitution of recognizable forms of power and immanence, and hence agency and intentionality. As described in the last chapter, the fire and demolitions of the Ebor Estate temples caused shock and disbelief among the devotees of that community. The shards of disbelief were also the propellants of renewed faith, however, and they revitalized and politicized efforts toward a reconstitution of sacred ground. On the one hand, the faith in the system and in intercommunal relations more broadly was erased overnight by the acts of vandalism and demolition, but on the other hand, and equally important, the challenge to faith that ensued when a sacred site was desecrated cannot be overestimated. Though devotees would not consciously acknowledge this, the temple's immanence and purity, its very power, was called into question when it had been defiled and damaged.
Flats
Authors: Willford Andrew C. , Nagarajan S.
Published: January 2018

This chapter explores how former plantation residents have adjusted to life in low-cost flats as part of a government-sponsored relocation scheme. The creation of Putrajaya, the government's new administrative and symbolic capital, was built directly on former plantation lands; the residents were relocated to a housing project in nearby Dengkil. Through interviews with residents in the flats, a sense of discontent and awareness of a state “betrayal” is made palpable. The chapter also looks at the story of a “miraculous mango tree” still standing in Putrajaya—as well as a relocated shrine associated with that tree—now located in a flat. This reconstituted shrine, in the context of an inauspicious flat, provokes both the beauty of hope and the horror of the sublime to Tamils who gaze upon it.
The Law’s Betrayal
Authors: Willford Andrew C. , Nagarajan S.
Published: January 2018

This chapter focuses on the professionals of the Tamil population. A cultural displacement, as experienced by the Indian middle class, has produced its own narrative that was subsequently hijacked by Malay “extremists.” This sense of betrayal among the Indian middle class is important because their narrative of victimization takes cohesive ideological shape in a form that disseminates to the working class through the work of activists, politicians, writers, NGOs, and lawyers. Through this, one sees an important class dialectic within the Indian community that is divisive, as well as signs that recent legal decisions and events have exacerbated a sense of insecurity. Ultimately, a deep sense of political betrayal within this elite class is producing nostalgia for a nonracialized Malaysia on the one hand, and a consolidation of Indianness on the other.
Introduction
Authors: kurashige Lon
Published: January 2018

Historical overview of international relations, migration, trade, war and conquest within and across the Asia-Pacific region from the late fourteenth to the twenty-first centuries. Focuses on how empires established by Portugal, Spain, England, Japan, and the U.S. spurred this region’s integration. This piece also introduces the fifteen chapters of this book and places each within the historical context of the Asia-Pacific region.
Chinese and American Collaborations through Educational Exchange during the Era of Exclusion, 1872–1955
Authors: Hsu Madeline Y.
Published: January 2018

Overlapping communities of American missionaries and higher education administrators and faculty laid the foundations for international education in the United States during its first half century of that movement’s existence. Their interests and activities in China, in conjunction with Chinese efforts to develop modern educational systems in the early twentieth century, meant that Chinese students featured prominently among foreign students in the United States. Through the education and career of Meng Zhi, an American-educated convert to Christianity, staunch patriot, and long-term director of the China Institute in America, this article examines the transition of international education programs from U.S.-dominated efforts to extend influence overseas to initiatives intended to advance Chinese nationalist projects for modernization
Who Closed the Sea?
Authors: Dvorak Greg
Published: January 2018

There is a profound lack of awareness among younger generations about Japan’s prewar engagement with the Pacific Islands, let alone other colonial sites, yet arguably, this amnesia is not a spontaneous phenomenon. Forgetting about Micronesia and erasing it from the Japanese mass consciousness was a project in which both Japanese and American postwar forces were complicit. Focusing on stories of Japanese amnesia and selective memory in the Marshall Islands, this chapter explores the Marshallese notion of “closing the sea,” how U.S. power has long been a mediating factor in why Japanese forget their Pacific past, and also why Marshall Islanders remember it.
The Student Vanguard
Authors: Kim Charles R.
Published: January 2018

The student vanguard was to serve as the core protagonist of postcolonial nation building. Prevalent in the 1950s, this premise was built upon ideologized memories of anticolonial resistance that provided a model for patriotic everyday action among postwar youths. This chapter starts by examining the ways in which middle school and high school textbooks called upon students to lead the process of postcolonial nation building by enacting the “spirit” of the March First Independence Movement (1919) and other extraordinary outbursts of anticolonial resistance. It then turns to Yu Gwan-sun (Ryu Kwansun, 1959)and Nameless Stars (Irŭm ŏmnŭn pyŏl tŭl, 1959), two historical films that put forth evocative representations of youth-driven independence activism. Like schoolbooks, these works and other contemporary historical films were designed to promote patriotic dispositions among postwar youths. The burgeoning of ideology and discourse on the student vanguard constituted a crucial condition of possibility for April 19th.
Epilogue
Authors: Kim Charles R.
Published: January 2018

During Park Chung Hee’s first term as president (1963-1967), regime ideologues incorporated selected elements of the wholesome modernization and student vanguard schemas into his gendered program to “Modernize of the Fatherland.” This program subordinated the position of women to that of men in the collective enterprise of rapid but uneven economic development. It also replaced the unreliable student vanguard with the notion of the militarized vanguard, which was to serve as the primary force for the interlinked projects of national defense and industrialization. On the other hand, progressive activists drew on unofficial memories of April 19th and the vanguard schema in staging antiregime protests in 1964-1965. In doing so, they consolidated the culture of noninstitutional youth protest that drove South Korea’s democracy movement (1964-1987).
Eating the World
Authors: Goucher Candice
Published: January 2018

This essay follows the iguana, an indigenous genus of herbivorous lizards, to the Caribbean dinner table, from the fifteenth century to the present. Inspired by historian Jerry Bentley’s scholarly contributions to questions of cultural encounters, the essay argues for the importance of indigenous foods in complex, often ambiguous, and consistently nuanced processes of cultural interactions between indigenous peoples and transplanted Europeans, Asians, and Africans. The story of how and why the iguana consistently appeared in the region’s foodways provides a critical perspective on the history of globalization in the Atlantic world. Mapping the variety of these culinary experiences can also reveal insights into the Caribbean’s changing ecology and the role of indigenous beliefs and African interpretations in the eco-cultural encounters that reshaped the flavors and choices of the region.
Shadows of Sovereignty
Authors: Benton Lauren
Published: January 2018

While highlighting the importance of protection to European ventures in the Indian Ocean, historians have tended to overlook its central role in structuring cross-polity relations in the Atlantic world. References to protection pervaded mutual security arrangements and anchored alliances across Atlantic regions. Rulers’ offer of protection to old and new subjects reinforced the legitimacy of imperial claims in the Americas. These multiple meanings of protection made the term politically useful and rhetorically irresistible. This chapter analyzes the way protection talk both structured alliances and created a flexible framework for cross-polity relations in the Atlantic world. It then suggests that meanings of protection began to shift in the early nineteenth century, when the term increasingly signaled more robust claims to sovereignty. The chapter honors Jerry Bentley’s insight that cultural encounters represented rich sites of political innovation in the early modern world.
Fortune-Telling and False Monks
Authors: Borchert Thomas A.
Published: January 2018

This chapter examines the politics of religion in Yunnan and Sipsongpannā. The first part of the chapter analyzes and describes the official discourse on religion in China and the institutions for governing religious communities, arguing that the state has established a system that allows it flexibility to govern religious groups according to its needs. The second part examines the politics of religion in Sipsongpannā in light of this system of governance. It shows that the monks of the region act strategically, cooperating with the local government but using this system to foster their own agendas.
Transnational Buddhist Education and the Limits of the Buddhist Ethnoscape
Authors: Borchert Thomas A.
Published: January 2018

This chapter focuses on the phenomenon of transnational monastic education and the experiences of Dai-lue monastics in traveling outside of Sipsongpannā for an education. While monks and nuns have long traveled to attend schools, there has been little scholarly reflection on this travel. By looking at the experience of the Dai-lue monastics in Chinese Mahayana Buddhist Institutes and Thai Dhamma schools, I show how Buddhism, Theravada and citizenship enable this travel. While these create a notion of a Buddhist ethnoscape, this is a weak connection that is undercut by frictions created by class and nationalism.
The “Troublesome Garden of Eden” (1920–1923)
Authors: O'Brien Patricia
Published: January 2018

In 1921, Sāmoa’s status shifted to a League of Nations Mandate under New Zealand’s ‘sacred trust’, a circumstance that significantly altered Sāmoan perceptions of its New Zealand rulers. This chapter examines Ta’isi’s relationships with administrator Colonel Robert Tate and how New Zealand shifted its governing style according to the new international conditions. In particular, it traces how ideas about race and governance operated and how these impacted Ta’isi during the time of the first Mau movement that erupted in the aftermath of the influenza epidemic and that plagued Tate’s administration throughout. As well as outlining the shifting conditions in the mandate, this chapter also examines Ta’isi’s private world that became centered at his new house of Tuaefu that became an iconic element of Ta’isi’s place in Sāmoa. We see into his library and the social world he created and how in the fraught racial conditions in the mandate, these social worlds were highly politicized from the perspective of New Zealand authorities.
Before the Storm (1926)
Authors: O'Brien Patricia
Published: January 2018

Examining the chain of events of 1926, this chapter sets the scene for the dramatic shift in the political situation that took place in late 1926. It tracks the friendly relations between Richardson and Ta’isi whilst Ta’isi was absent from Sāmoa for many months in 1926, spending an extended period in Sydney being treated for an unspecified illness. It also outlines the political ferment in Sydney at this time around race and empire that Ta’isi would have been exposed to and how this connected with reports Ta’isi was receiving in Sydney of Richardson’s increasingly authoritarian governing style. It concludes with Richardson’s effusive speech welcoming Ta’isi back to Sāmoa, Richardson’s secret communications with a New Zealand official where he learnt that Ta’isi had raised concerns about his governing style with the New Zealand prime minister and the public meetings in late 1926 where three Sāmoan communities – Europeans, afakasis, Sāmoans – came together to politically organize. These meetings, chaired by Ta’isi, would become watershed moments.
Exile and the Road to Geneva (1928)
Authors: O'Brien Patricia
Published: January 2018

This chapter begins with the drama surrounding the deportation orders enacted by Administrator Richardson around Christmas 1927 and due to be obeyed by early January 1928. It outlines the extremely tense atmosphere in Sāmoa at the time and how Ta’isi conducted himself in the days before his exile and why he opted to leave his homeland of his own accord rather than spark a legal battle in the courts if he challenged Richardson’s order. The chapter then moves onto the development of a grassroots campaign in New Zealand for the Mau and the events leading up to Ta’isi’s journey to Geneva where he was aiming to present Samoan grievances, his own and those of over 7,000 Sāmoan taxpayers who signed a petition to the League in March 1928. The chapter conveys Ta’isi’s great hope that justice would be done in Geneva and the new international oversight committee – the Permanent Mandates Commission (PMC) – would see through the New Zealand case. It also looks at how Richardson was replaced (so he could present New Zealand’s case in Geneva) by Colonel Stephen Allen who was accompanied to Sāmoa by a new military contingent.
Self within World
Authors: Culliney John L. , Jones David
Published: January 2018

We describe the foundations of the fractal self in relation to the Chinese notion of personal development and enhancement of adeptness in the world and mutualism with the other. This seeking, described in the codified system of Daoism, is a pathway that may progress to the highest level of achievement of such a self: that which defines a sage. The chapter introduces the view that a sage is a fractal self that achieves a peak of intimacy and constructive interaction with the world. We detail the development of human beings on this pathway, emerging beyond the core embodiments of empathy, sympathy, and rudimentary morality observed in apes. The self for the early Chinese was always a being that was embedded in the world and dynamic flow of forces. This self was defined in intimate terms as adaptable and adept, seeking to be a microcosmic contributor to some holistic macrocosm. In this chapter, Daoism leads our thinking on how the fractal self engages with the world. In turn, this way of understanding selfness and its potential to enrich its system from within resonates with discussions of the interactive self of Buddhism and was also in the minds of Pre-Socratic thinkers in the West.
Intransigent and Corrupt Officials in Early Imperial China
Authors: Barbieri-Low Anthony J.
Published: January 2018

This chapter explores the various forms of official intransigence and corruption seen in the early imperial period through an examination of statutes, ordinances, and legal cases excavated from Zhangjiashan 張家山‎ tomb no. 247. It also explores the government countermeasures taken to deter such behavior and the positive measures implemented to recruit more upright officials.
Rituals without Rules
Authors: Brown Miranda , Fodde-Reguer Anna-Alexandra
Published: January 2018

Through a close reading of Ying Shao 應劭‎’s second century essay, “Screwing up Ritual” (Qianli 愆禮‎), this chapter challenges conventional assumptions about mourning ritual in ancient times. Ying Shao did not regard ritual errors as the infringement of rules, but rather as the result of a lack of good ritual sense. Such a conception of error reflected Ying’s understanding of ritual as a type of fengsu風俗‎ or fashion rather than a set of timeless rules. Ying Shao’s theory of ritual error not only offers a window into the beliefs of the late Han elite, but it supplies a framework for understanding transgression more generally. For it explains why some behaviors were and are regarded as incorrect even in the absence of formalized codes of conduct.
Ava’s Founding Fathers
Authors: Aung-Thwin Michael A.
Published: January 2018

The narrative dealing with the official founding of Ava as recorded by both the Old Burmese inscriptions and later Burmese chronicles is the subject of this chapter. Practical, strategic, and military concerns, especially the impact of the Syam (Shan) raids, were paramount in choosing the site on which Ava stood. Thadominbya and Minkyiswa Sawkai were the two kings responsible for the founding and establishment of the new dynasty and kingdom. Without them, and ministers such as Minyaza, the period of dis-integration that followed Pagan’s decline would surely have not abated, but perhaps continued well into the third quarter of the fourteenth century, making re-integration that much more difficult. Original and contemporary epigraphic evidence is used to supplement the chronicle narrative in this reconstruction of Ava’s founding, not only providing viability to the account, but also allowing the reader to gain some insight into the nature of the indigenous chronicles and their perspective on the factors responsible for the establishment of Ava.
The Origins of Pegu and Its Founding Fathers
Authors: Aung-Thwin Michael A.
Published: January 2018

The origins of the First Pegu Dynasty began at Muttama (Martaban) in the second half of the thirteenth-century. It was shaped by several “push” and “pull” factors then current in the region, particularly several long-term patterns between the eleventh and sixteenth-centuries, some of which came together only during the second half of the thirteenth, creating a “conjuncture” in Fernand Braudel’s sense, with a direct and indirect impact on the making of the First Kingdom of Pegu. On the north was Pagan, whose decline allowed Lower Myanmar to assert its independence. To the west lay the maritime region of Arakan with its gaze towards both the Bay of Bengal and the interior of Upper Myanmar. Although it had not yet fully integrated the various components that came together subsequently in the sixteenth-century as the Kingdom of Mrauk-U, its underpinning maritime and commercial foundations were already there and operating, which were to affect the history of Pegu. On the other side of the Gulf of Muttama lay Ayuthaya, dominated by Thai speakers who had moved from their earlier centers in northern and central Thailand (the agrarian interior) to the increasingly blossoming commerce of the coasts, a process that was to have an impact on the rise and development of Pegu subsequently. Towards the south lay many port cities such as Htaway (Tavoy) and Myeik (Mergui), which acted as windows to Pegu’s external world and maritime Southeast Asia.
Re-Vamping Asia
Authors: Weintraub Andrew N. , Barendregt Bart
Published: January 2018

In this introductory chapter, we define our terms and map out the rationale, methodology, and intellectual framework for the book “Re-vamping Asia” places the book in conversation with work in Asian studies that emphasizes cultural critique, multi-disciplinary approaches, and inter-Asia connections. In the section entitled “Asian Traditions of Modernity,” we trace some of the ways that authors have used this vexing concept by emphasizing localized genealogies of the modern, and claims to modernity, rather than a rigid overarching definition of the term. Although women have often been neglected in studies of modernity, the section on “Women, music, and modernity” links our book to studies that privilege women as prominent social actors in music and raise questions about the politics of gender in the performing arts. “Popular music of Asia” puts gender in dialogue with popular music studies. “Technologies of the modern” refers to entertainment technologies as a modern condition that made it possible for women’s voices to become audible through music recordings, radio, and onstage performance. It is the “voices” of Asian modernities that we leave for the final section of this introduction. As the central feature of this book, we briefly summarize multiple valences of “voice” as they pertain to each chapter.
The “Comfort Women” and the Voices of East Asian Modernity
Authors: Pilzer Joshua D.
Published: January 2018

Korea’s colonial modernity (1910-45) notably produced both female pop stars and legions of sex workers, a sex-industrial development which reached its zenith in the “comfort women,” the Japanese military’s wartime system of sexual slavery during the Asia-Pacific War (1931-45). The concurrent rise of the female voice in Korean popular music and the rise of colonial sex industries are not the result of opposing forces of modernization and barbarism, but deeply intertwined parts of the search for the place of women in colonial modernity. This chapter, through a detailed analysis of the references to popular music and dance in the testimony of former Korean “comfort women,” seeks to reconstruct the place of these performing arts in the “comfort women” system.  Legitimization of colonial modernization, the commodification of women, and new opportunities for women enabled by the figure of the colonial female pop star can also be found in her dystopian sibling, the “comfort woman.” The musical life of the “comfort women” system provides a stark example of the deeply ambivalent place of entertaining women in emergent Japanese and Korean popular cultures, and of the grain of the voice of East Asian colonial modernity.
The Remarkable Career of L. R. Eswari
Authors: Weidman Amanda
Published: January 2018

Song sequences in Indian popular cinema play a central role in organizing affect and desire through imagery and sound. These songs feature the voices of “playback” singers, so named because their voices are first recorded in the studio and then lip-synced by the actors and actresses on the set during the filming process. This chapter examines how playback singing, which emerged as a professional career possibility in the 1950s, produced new forms of stardom and opportunities for women to enter the public sphere, while serving as a key site for the creation and circulation of ideologies and aesthetics of gender and voice. In particular, it will examine the career and persona of L.R. Eswari, who, although she did not start out as such, came to be branded as a “vampy” singer in the late 1960s Tamil film industry, subsequently made a name for herself in devotional music in the 1970s and 80s, and has recently re-emerged as a playback singer in the last few years.
Beyond Black and Gray
Authors: Skelchy Russell P.
Published: January 2018

Female performers in Indonesia have long held a socially ambiguous status—maligned for associations with sexual freedom and prostitution, or else revered for their mystical and supernatural powers. Often confined by negative labels, they negotiate identity somewhere between stereotypes attributed to them and one they desire for themselves. This chapter focuses on Waljinah, an Indonesian icon and keroncong’s most renowned vocalist. The trajectory of her career has coincided with an important era of modernization in Indonesia, especially as it searched for ways to unify its diverse population under a “national culture.” Keroncong, considered by early Indonesian nationalists to be a musical lingua franca bridging ethnic groups, continued to have an important role in the post-independence Sukarno era and subsequent New Order regime. As a popular female keroncong vocalist during this period, depictions of Waljinah in print media also reflected state sanctioned ideas about what constituted the “modern Indonesian woman.” This study explores how genderings and gender ideologies were employed through specific types of language and discourse to create differing images of Waljinah while discussing tactics she has used manage and control how she is portrayed in the mass media.
The Six Paths and the Pure Land
Authors: Rhodes Robert F.
Published: January 2018

This and the following two chapters focus on the teachings of the Ōjōyōshū. This chapter takes up the first two chapters of the Ōjōyōshū, which describes the suffering inherent in the six realms of transmigration and the bliss that awaits all who are born in the Pure Land. The section on the six realms of transmigration includes the most famous section of the Ōjōyōshū: a graphic description of the suffering that await people who are reborn, as the result of their evil deeds, in the eight hells of the Buddhist cosmology.
Genshin’s Interpretation of the Nenbutsu
Authors: Rhodes Robert F.
Published: January 2018

This chapter describes the practice of the nenbutsu (the practice of focusing one’s mind on Amida Buddha) which, according to Genshin, is the central practice for attaining birth in the Pure Land. Genshin describes the nenbutsu practice using the scheme of the five gates of mindfulness recounted in Vasubandhu’s Wangshenglun (Pure Land Treatise). In this section, Genshin provides a systematic classification of the nenbutsu practice which, in his opinion, encompasses everything from the advanced practice of entering a state of meditative absorption and visualizing Amida Buddha while in that state, down to the simple recitation of the phrase “Namu Amidabutsu” (Homage to Amida Buddha).
Hōnen’s Appropriation of the Ōjōyōshū
Authors: Rhodes Robert F.
Published: January 2018

Finally, this chapter takes up how the nenbutsu teaching of the Ōjōyōshū was interpreted by the Kamakura period Pure Land monk Hōnen. Hōnen created a revolution in Japanese Pure Land Buddhism by advocating the “exclusive nenbutsu,” or the notion that the sole practice needed to achieve birth in the Pure Land is the recitation of “Namu Amidabutsu.” This chapter recounts how Hōnen interpreted the Ōjōyōshū in the light of his notion of exclusive nenbutsu, in order to appropriate Genshin’s text to lend authority to the exclusive nenbutsu teaching.
Kalaupapa, a Place Never Forgotten
Authors: Brady Kalani , Soong Shelley
Published: January 2018

After more than a century of hardships in remote Kalaupapa, on the island of Moloka‘i in Hawai‘i a settlement for Hansen’s disease patients and home of two Saints, is the result of perseverance of the patients. Many lessons this history has taught the world from this small isolated yet special place. The vital instructive lessons of cultural sensitivity are taught through the failure of a federal medical research investigation station. The Hawaiian lessons are those that impact us daily: sacrifice, family and love. This chapter provides a brief history of Kalaupapa, its current state, valuable lessons learned, and how Kalaupapa has provided to the world a model of charity, forgiveness, and blessings.
The Wilding of Cape York Peninsula
Authors: Neale Timothy
Published: January 2018

In Chapter 1, I argue that ‘wildness’ is a product settler attempts to understand and thereby spatially remake the Northern Australia since the first colonial encounters in the 17th Century. For European explorers, a region like Cape York Peninsula was a wilderness to be surveyed, and through the misadventures and conflicts of inland expeditions it came to be understood as ‘wretched’ country populated with ‘treacherous’ peoples. Surveying subsequent uses of ‘the wild’ in this region, this chapter shows that if, on the one hand, part of the settler project has been to discursively and materially dictate the shape and texture of the region through such forms of wildness – ‘wilderness,’ ‘wild time,’ ‘wild blacks’ and ‘wild whites’ – then, on the other, the contemporary ‘wilderness’ should be understood not only as a product of the resistance and resilience of its Indigenous peoples, but also as the partial failure of this project.
Wild Presents and Emergent Futures
Authors: Neale Timothy
Published: January 2018

This chapter examines the three federal parliamentary inquiries into the Act in 2010-2011, prompted by the attempts of federal Opposition leader (and later Prime Minister) Tony Abbott to ‘overturn’ the legislation. In this context, specific evidence of forestalled development was scarce and it soon emerged that much resistance stemmed either from misinformation or poor consultation. Drawing on interviews with stakeholders, I argue that the Act’s most powerful effect was to bring different understandings of the Northern Australia’s future into contact. Offering a novel venue for stakeholders to elucidate and interrogate ‘sustainable’ economic futures, the inquiries elicited responses of two kinds: ‘hybrid futures’ of incremental changes and ‘bright futures’ of radical transformation. But if, as this chapter shows, any immediate expansion of the region’s different commercial sectors is unlikely, how should we address the present breach between expectations and experiences of commercial development? In a country where ‘Indigenous development’ has become synonymous with wage labour in the mainstream economy, the contemporary fixations of government policy continue to undermine considerations of such region’s as, in Arturo Escobar’s terms, a ‘territory of difference’ where market activity will never be dominant.
Cosmopolitics on the Wenlock River
Authors: Neale Timothy
Published: January 2018

Chapter 6 focuses on the most controversial of the Wild Rivers Act declarations: the Wenlock River area. The Wenlock spans almost the entire breadth of the region and includes a diverse but discrete assembly of stakeholders: three Indigenous local government areas and three separate native title claimant groups; an Indigenous Protected Area, a national park, a privately managed nature refuge and a wildlife reserve dedicated to the late television conservationist Steve Irwin; a bauxite mining project; and, finally, an array of nonhuman actors such as estuarine crocodiles, spotted cuscuses, orchids, aquifers and water flows themselves. Adopting philosopher Isabelle Stengers’ ‘cosmopolitical proposal’, this chapter proposes that we might think of a ‘wild river’ not only as a legal object or waterway but also as a network that intimately links the specific worlds of diverse knowledges and practices accumulating around it. The Act forced the matter of how these worlds are rendered quantifiable and comparable today. How are we to adjudicate their relative existence? The future of these rivers is a matter of realizing the relations of allegiance and incompatibility between these worlds.
Correlation between water consumption and the operating conditions of plumbing fixtures in public buildings
Authors: Gonçalves Felipe , Kalbusch Andreza , Henning Elisa
Published: January 2018

Water resource management consists of planning and implementing measures to ensure sufficient and quality supply to activities requiring water usage, including the supply of plumbing systems in buildings. Major problems arise from mismanagement of water usage, such as the lack of proper upkeep practices and maintenance of plumbing fixtures in public buildings. The aim of this study is to analyze the existence of possible statistical correlations between water consumption data and operating conditions of plumbing fixtures in public administrative buildings. Ten public buildings were visited in Brazil while performing this research, in order to determine the per capita water consumption, flow rates, and operating conditions of plumbing fixtures. Flow rate data were obtained through field measurements by the gravimetric method and compared with the values set by Brazilian standards and environmental certifications. Consumption indicators were calculated, which showed variation from 16.6 to 69.3 L/user/day. The performed statistical analysis pointed out that there was significant correlation with variables related to construction and operating conditions of plumbing fixtures, such as the number of installed devices, number of leaks and defects found, in addition to devices with flow rate noncompliant to limits established by current legislation.
O tempo, dentro e fora dos espetáculos: trabalho e ócio na Carta a d’Alembert [The time, inside and outside the spectacles: labor and idleness in the Letter to d'Alembert]
Authors: Vargas Thiago
Published: January 2018

Retomando uma leitura política e social da Carta a d’Alembert proposta por Bento Prado Jr. e Luiz Roberto Salinas Fortes, este artigo busca estender e desdobrar algumas importantes implicações desta tradição de leitura: investigar uma reflexão econômica e os desenvolvimentos de uma economia política associada aos espetáculos, conforme apresentada na Carta. Afinal, contestando uma específica concepção de espetáculo defendida pelos enciclopedistas, Rousseau, sublinhando o caráter político presente nos debates sobre a atividade teatral, incessantemente se atenta para o contexto social e econômico no qual uma peça se insere. Neste contexto, considerando-se ainda a oposição que a Carta apresenta contra etnocentrismo dos philosophes, pretendemos analisar como então é desenvolvida uma crítica à ociosidade – ou uma apologia ao trabalho – que tem em vista fortalecer os argumentos dirigidos contra o teatro parisiense. Exploraremos, portanto, os aspectos de economia política que compõem a argumentação de Rousseau ao longo do texto. [Resuming a political and social reading on the Letter to d’Alembert proposed by Bento Prado Jr. and Luiz Roberto Salinas Fortes, this paper aims to further important consequences carried out by this tradition: to analyze an economic reflection and the developments of political economy thoughts associated with the theatre, as presented in Rousseau’s Letter to d’Alembert. Challenging a specific conception of spectacles advocated by the encyclopedists, Rousseau, highlighting the political character present in the discussions on the theatrical activity, draws attention to the social context in which a play takes place. In this context, and considering the opposition that the Letter presents against the philosophes’ ethnocentrism, we aim to analyze how a critique of idleness – or a praise of labor – is developed, with a view to strengthen the arguments pointed against the Parisian theatre. Most of all, we will seek to highlight the political and economic aspects that make up Rousseau’s arguments.]
Colchicine Pharmacokinetics and Mechanism of Action
Authors: Angelidis Christos , Kotsialou Zoi , Kossyvakis Charalampos , Vrettou Agathi-Rosa , Zacharoulis Achilleas , Kolokathis Fotios , Kekeris Vasilios , Giannopoulos Georgios
Published: January 2018

Colchicine is a tricyclic, lipid-soluble alkaloid derived from the plant of the Lily family Colchicum
autumnale, sometimes called the “autumn crocus”. It is predominantly metabolized in the gastrointestinal tract.
Two proteins, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and CYP3A4 seem to play a pivotal role, governing its pharmacokinetic. The
commonest side effects are gastrointestinal (nausea, vomiting and particularly dose-related-diarrhea) occurring in
5-10% of patients. Colchicine exerts its unique action mainly through inhibition of microtubule polymerization.
Microtubule polymerization affects a variety of cellular processes including maintenance of shape, signaling,
division, migration, and cellular transport. Colchicine interferes with several inflammatory pathways including
adhesion and recruitment of neutrophils, superoxide production, inflammasome activation, the RhoA/Rho effector
kinase (ROCK) pathway and the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) -induced nuclear factor κΒ (NF-κΒ) pathway
attenuating the inflammatory response. This concise paper attempts to give a brief review of its pharmacokinetic
properties and its main mechanisms of action.
Patient Adherence to Novel Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs) for the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation and Occurrence of Associated Bleeding Events: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Shehab Abdulla , Bhagavathula Akshaya S. , Abebe Tamrat B. , Abegaz Tadesse M. , Elnour Asim A. , Sabbour Hani M. , Uzzafer Masood , Hersi Ahmed , Hamad Adel K.
Published: January 2018

Background:

Real-world evidence from published observational studies of adherence to Novel Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs) medications and associated clinical outcome events in Atrial Fibrillation (AF) patients, was reviewed systematically.

Methods:

Observational studies assessing patient adherence to NOACs conducted on AF patients between September 2010 and June 2016 were identified by systematic searching keywords to locate eligible studies, in accordance with Cochrane guidelines. PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify the studies. Meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model with DerSimonian-Laird weighting to obtain pooled effect sizes.

Results:

From 185 potentially relevant citations, 6 studies, comprising 1.6 million AF patients, were included. Among these, successful adherence to NOACs occurred in 75.6%. Adherence levels were higher in patients treated with dabigatran (72.7%) compared with those treated with apixaban (59.9%) or rivaroxaban (59.3%). However, adherence was still suboptimal (relative to an expected 80% adherence rate). Bleeding events in non-adherent patients were found to be 7.5%.

Conclusion:

Suboptimal adherence to NOACs among AF patients was highlighted as a significant risk factor that may affect clinical outcomes, with a higher percentage of non-adherent patients having bleeding events. There is an urgent need for research on the effects of specific interventions to improve patient adherence to NOACs and to assess the related outcome factors that may be associated with adherence.
Audiodescrição e acesso à cultura audiovisual para o empoderamento de pessoas com deficiência visual
Authors: Aderaldo Marisa Ferreira , Chaves Élida Gama
Published: January 2018

A cultura contemporânea é especialmente multimodal no sentido de que, para expressar-se, utiliza suportes variados como televisão, rádio, celulares, computadores etc, com emprego de diferentes linguagens e formatos. De modo a fazer um recorte nas linguagens associadas ao sentido da visão, este artigo procura focalizar determinada parcela da população, justamente aquela que, estando privada desse sentido (a pessoa com deficiência visual), carece de soluções que lhe possibilitem o usufruto e acesso à informação visual presente em espaços como cinemas, teatros, passeios turísticos etc. Um modo de compensar a ausência da visão e de tornar a imagem acessível é a audio-descrição, tratada neste artigo como tradução intersemiótica e audio-visual, pois traduz a informação visual em informação verbal (escrita ou oral).
Massive open online courses (moocs) no ensino do empreendedorismo
Authors: Von Linsingen Célia Regina Dias , Ciscato Cléia Denise Santos , Vieira Alboni Marisa Dudeque Pianovski
Published: January 2018

Este estudo analisa a oferta de cursos na área da educação, no que se refere ao ensino de empreendedorismo com o uso de uma ferramenta de cursos massivos online gratuitos,denominados MOOCs. O objetivo foi verificar como essa prática pedagógica de ensino a distância vem ganhando adeptos em todo o mundo, e mais precisamente no ensino de técnicas e formação associadas ao empreendedorismo. Foi realizado um estudobibliométrico na principal plataforma agregadora de provedores de MOOC, comparando sua oferta com os demais temas, e também se verificou a plataforma brasileira provedora de MOOCs e sua relação com o tema. Os achados mostraram que o empreendedorismo é um tema muito relevante e crescente nos cursos MOOC, notadamente na principal provedora mundial, COURSERA. Os MOOCs partem do princípio de que o conhecimento deve ser compartilhado livremente para aqueles que queiram aprender, sem a imposição de restrições geográficas, econômicas e demográficas. A referência brasileira, a plataforma e-learning VEDUCA, é uma plataforma recente, muito menor que as demais existentes em países da Europa e nos Estados Unidos, porém com parcerias internacionais e nacionais no desenvolvimento de seus projetos de ensino a distância.
CONSTRUCTION AND STANDARDIZATION OF ACHIEVEMENT TEST IN ENGLISH
Authors: Kaur Amardeep
Published: January 2018

The present study was conducted to Construct and Standardize an Achievement Test in English for IX standard students . Test items were selected from syllabus of VIII grade prescribed by Punjab School Education Board, Mohali . Since the achievement test was intended for standard IX , therefore the VIII grade English textbook was used for constructing the achievement test. The entire syllabus was thoroughly scrutinized and then items were selected from the books of class VIII of P.S.E.B. In all 130 items from 14 aspects of class VIII were taken. After seeking expert opinion, items were reduced to 120. Each item was allotted one mark. Further , 20 items were rejected on the basis of difficulty level and discriminating value of the items. 100 items were selected which lie between .40 to .60. Content validity of the achievement test in English was established with help of experts' opinion i.e. English teachers of different schools. The split-half method was used to establish reliability and its calculated reliability is 0.86.
COMPARISON OF IMPACT OF YOUTH PROGRAM ON EMPATHY AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN GIRLS AND BOYS
Authors: Vadeyar Archana , Phatak Smita
Published: January 2018

By developing social vision, education enables children to cooperate with each other, sharing hardship in the way of the upliftment of society.Student tend to become involved if the activity is expected as a course assignment for e.g. or as an expectation of a student organization.The objective of this research paper is to compare the gains in each indicator, Overall empathy and Overall social responsibility between youth Boys and Girls.For which an Experimental method with single group pre-test and post-test design was employed anda random sample of 132 studentsfilled the empathy and SR scale as pre-test and post-test.There was a significant difference between mean scores of gains in OE of boys as compared to girls, and no significant difference between mean scores of gains in EC, PD and PT as well as PST, PD, PT and OSR of the boys as compared to girls after the program.
Trends and Challenges in Indian Banking Sector
Authors: Kamboj Deepika
Published: January 2018

The Indian banking sector has played a critical role in the overall economic growth. Private and foreign banks have started to gain traction in the sector typically dominated by government owned public banks. The sector’s assets have expanded vastly on account of several factors such as financial inclusion, increased competition, Indradhanush program, on-tap bank licensing, focus on mobile banking and technology along with others. While the sector has grown significantly, challenges and roadbloacks such as weak capital position of public banks, rise in non-performing assets, poor talent retention, weak consumer protection norms continue to haunt the sector and the overall economic growth. To counter these challenges, RBI has initiated reforms such as implementation of Basel III, enhanced provisioning for NPA, revised framework for resolution of stressed MSME loans, implementation of strategic debt restructuring (SDR), shift to a risk-based supervision model along with proposing a unified financial services regulator.
Detección y análisis de “clústers bibliográficos” en las publicaciones de Iberoamérica sobre ciencia, tecnología y sociedad (1970-2013)
Authors: De Filippo Daniela , Levin Luciano
Published: January 2018

El campo ciencia, tecnología y sociedad (CTS) ha logrado una evidente consolidación, manifiesta en la existencia de revistas especializadas, congresos, un lenguaje común y en la posibilidad de identificar un conjunto de actores pertenecientes a aquél. Sin embargo, la demarcación del campo no resulta sencilla. El objetivo de este estudio es presentar una nueva metodología para identificar y analizar las publicaciones de CTS del mundo y, en concreto, de Iberoamérica. Utilizando la base de datos Web of Science, se han recuperado 47,349 documentos (un 4.6% de ellos pertenecen a Iberoamérica) y se obtuvieron los principales indicadores bibliométricos de actividad y especialización. Para profundizar en el estudio temático de las publicaciones e indagar en las relaciones intertextuales, se han utilizado técnicas de bibliographic coupling para identificar clústers bibliográficos (CB). Con esto se pretende conocer mejor la estructura temática de la investigación en CTS y analizar su dinámica a lo largo del tiempo.AbstractScience, Technology and Society (STS) field shows a clear consolidation, manifested in the existence of journals, conferences, a common language and the possibility of identifying a set of actors belonging to him. However, the demarcation of the field is not easy. Therefore, the aim of this study is to present a new methodology to identify and analyze the STS publications in the world and particularly in Latin America. Using the Web of Science database, 47,349 documents (4.6% from Latin America) where recovered and the main bibliometric indicators of activity and specialization were obtained. To study the thematic and the intertextual relationships of publications, bibliographic coupling techniques — to identify “Bibliographical clusters”— were used. Through this approach we try to know the thematic structure of STS research and analyze their dynamics over time.