bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trauma and identity predictors of ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD in a trauma-exposed Colombian sample
Authors: Robinson Martin , Fino Emanuele , Baysu Gülseli , Turner Rhiannon N , Bloch Natasha I , Hanna Donncha , Armour Chérie
Published: February 2025

Background:

The 11th International Classification of Diseases introduces the diagnosis of Complex PTSD (CPTSD); characterized by traditional PTSD symptomology plus Disturbances in Self Organisation. Part of this construct involves feeling socially disconnected from others, suggesting that aspects of group and individual identity may be associated with this disorder.

Aims:

The current study seeks to contribute to better understanding the association of individual social and personal identity in development of this disorder in post-conflict contexts.

Methodology:

This study analysed survey data collected as part a case-control investigation of psychological risk and resilience in a trauma-exposed sample in Colombia ( N = 541). Identity orientations, that is, the level of importance ascribed to one’s social and personal identity, was assessed using the Social and Personal Identities Scale (SIPI) and was assessed as predictor of probable CPTSD diagnosis using multinomial logistic regression.

Results:

Analyses indicated that trauma experiences were associated with both diagnostic categories, however Social and Personal identity orientation were significant predictors of probable CPTSD diagnosis, but not probable PTSD diagnosis. Greater Personal identity orientation, that is, viewing oneself as individualistic, was associated with increased likelihood of CPTSD. In contrast, greater Social Identity orientation, that is, stronger group membership identification, was associated with reduced odds of CPTSD diagnosis. Identifying as a victim of the conflict was not significantly associated with risk for PTSD or CPTSD outcomes.

Conclusion:

Greater sense of Social Identity and cohesion is suggested to be protective against CPTSD development, whereas greater personal identity orientation is a risk factor. Theoretical perspectives considering the role of social and personal identity may be valuable in understanding individual risk for CPTSD in post-conflict societies.
Circular Migration, Resilience, Suffering, and Trauma: Understanding the Experiences of Survivors of Assam Floods in India
Authors: Kakati Olivia , Udah Hyacinth , Kumar Navin , Udah Chinyere
Published: February 2025

In this article, we examine the lived experiences of survivors of Assam floods. Drawing on qualitative data from semistructured interviews conducted with 12 participants, we found that their suffering and trauma stem from loss of property, livelihoods, and loved ones. While many participants experienced significant suffering and trauma, they also demonstrated resilience in their grief, anxiety, and depression. Our findings suggest a need to develop targeted interventions and policies that address their needs and enhance their well-being.
Assembling consensual non-monogamy: Intimacies and multiplicities
Authors: Sanders George , Lyons Heidi A.
Published: February 2025

Despite growing mainstream familiarity with the practice of consensual non-monogamy (CNM) in the US and similar countries, CNM is still largely considered non-normative. With this comes the risk of reifying it as a ‘kind’ of sexual activity and its practitioners as ‘types’ of subjects. We explore CNM through assemblage theory, which aims to decenter the subject and emphasize affective relationships that operate through lines of force. Assemblage theory proposes that lines of force affect the capacities of persons within an assemblage to create new connections with others, ideas, and, reflexively, with themselves. We ask: how does CNM as an assemblage enhance and/or diminish practitioners’ capacities? Furthermore, we aim to highlight the utility of assemblage theory and its Deleuzo-Guattarian foundations to studying sociological phenomena. To accomplish these goals, we draw on open-ended survey responses from individuals who self-identify as practitioners of CNM.
Coping Strategies and Policy Alienation Under Centralization and Performance Management: Evidence From a Survey of Quebec Homecare Workers
Authors: Lévesque Gabriel V. , Benoit Maude
Published: February 2025

This study interrogates the impacts of two major administrative control mechanisms—centralization and performance management—on the use of coping strategies and policy alienation among street-level bureaucrats. Using multiple imputed datasets from a survey distributed to homecare workers in Quebec, Canada, we build models that account for control mechanisms and resource constraints. Results suggest both that administrative centralization and performance management are strong predictors of the use of coping strategies and policy alienation and that the use of coping strategies also predicts policy alienation. This study contributes to better understanding the effects of control mechanisms on frontline workers.
Middle Ear Cholesteatoma Complicated B﻿y Lemierre’s Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Zhu Xiaoyu , Deng Hua , Yu Ming , Yang Shasha , Cao Qingxin , Zhao Chengyan , Wang Ying , Jiang Jiexi , Zhang Yusui
Published: February 2025

Septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein (IJV), known as Lemierre’s syndrome, is a rare complication secondary to infections in the head and neck. Cholesteatoma of the middle ear complicated with Lemierre’s syndrome is rarely observed in clinical practice. Currently, the treatment controversy centers on whether anticoagulation therapy is necessary for IJV and distant metastatic emboli induced by Lemierre’s syndrome. A 46-year-old female patient with middle ear cholesteatoma underwent modified radical mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty surgery and complicated with Lemierre’s syndrome, presenting with intermittent high fever, chills, headache, and left lateral neck pain. Computed tomography (CT) revealed thrombosis and internal gas in the left IJV, while blood culture and blood pathogenic microorganism metagenomic detection were negative. We administered sodium ceftriaxone (1 g every 12 hours) for 3 days. According to the secretion culture results showing 90% Actinomyces europaeus and 10% Corynebacterium without mycolic acid, penicillin (2.4 million IU) was added intravenously every 6 hours. The patient’s infection worsened on the first day after surgery. We adjusted to upgrade anti-infection vancomycin 1 g every 12 hours, combined with meropenem (1 g every 8 hours) and metronidazole (0.5 g) every 8 hours for 4 weeks, and subcutaneous injection of enoxaparin 0.4 mL every 12 hours for 1 week, then adjusted to rivaroxaban tablets (15 mg bid). Amoxicillin-clavulanate for 2 weeks and rivaroxaban 10 mg were administered orally for 3 months after discharge. A follow-up neck CT scan with intravenous contrast suggested that the gas in the left IJV had disappeared, but the thrombus persisted. During the 3 month follow-up, the patient’s vital signs, blood routine, and D-dimer levels were within the normal range. The surgical area healed well, and the patient reported no discomfort. Lemierre’s syndrome represents a potentially-fatal complication that results in considerable mortality and must be identified early and aggressively treated.
Investigating the Complexity of Corporate Social Irresponsibility: A Configurational Analysis of Organizational Strain Factors
Authors: Nieri Federica , Ciravegna Luciano , Micelotta Evelyn Rita
Published: February 2025

Corporate Social Irresponsibility (CSIR) refers to business involvement in events that cause harm to societal stakeholders. Given the damage that CSIR behaviors create, it is critical to advance our understanding of this phenomenon. Yet, CSIR remains under-discussed in organizational studies. This study delves into the multifaceted drivers of CSIR, proposing a novel configurational perspective. We adopt a Strain Theory perspective to examine the antecedents of CSIR and focus on multiple types of strain: economic strain, complexity strain, and reputational strain. Through the configurational analysis of an original database of 135 publicly listed organizations from 2003 to 2012, we identify two paths, comprising four equifinal configurations of organizational factors that lead to CSIR. Path A includes two configurations of family firms, while Path B represents two configurations of non-family firms involved in CSIR in the absence of economic strain. We contribute to the CSIR literature by showing that (a) CSIR is not solely nor necessarily due to economic strain as previously argued, and (b) family and non-family firms engage in CSIR differently, as illustrated by the two causal paths. We challenge the prevailing notion that firms engage in CSIR only when facing economic strain. Our findings indicate that the non-family firms most active in CSIR are those that either do not experience economic strain or any form of strain. Conversely, we show that family firms behave irresponsibly when facing multiple forms of strain simultaneously, consistent with the idea that under duress, these organizations prioritize the family over other stakeholders. These insights underscore the need for a nuanced approach to addressing and mitigating CSIR. We discuss implications for theory and practice.
Negotiating in a 'parrhesiastic pact' while co-constructing leadership: A cautionary tale
Authors: Souza Renato , Wood Thomaz , Jackson Brad
Published: February 2025

Recent research on post-heroic leadership emphasizes its relational nature, particularly the role of dialogue in creating spaces where leadership can thrive. Building on Foucault’s concept of parrhesia, this article posits that such ‘dialogic spaces’ are only enabled if individuals involved in the leadership process can exercise ‘frank speech’, particularly amid asymmetric power dynamics. This study empirically explores leadership co-construction within a group initially organized under hierarchical leadership. It sheds light on the dialogic conditions introduced by this group to negotiate the emerging meaning of shared leadership through the exercise of frank speech to address conflicting views regarding the enactment of shared leadership as a form of organizing. This research contributes to the debate on shared versus hierarchical leadership by examining the potential and limitations of a ‘parrhesiastic pact’ to facilitate dialogic leadership practices in organizations. It does so by foregrounding critical issues related to power and hierarchy that may inhibit the emergence of shared leadership. Moreover, it underscores the ambiguities tied to leadership based on a parrhesiastic pact. That is, the dual and conflicting behaviors create confusion and contradictory actions when endeavoring to engage in shared leadership practices while upholding organizational forms associated with hierarchical power structures.
Peer attachment and adolescent academic achievement: a moderated mediation model of academic procrastination and self-control / El apego entre pares y el rendimiento académico de los adolescentes: un modelo de mediación moderado de la procrastinación académica y el autocontrol
Authors: Tang Yuan , Xu Ziqian , Xu Jingyi , Zhang Hui
Published: February 2025

The present study examined the mediating effect of academic procrastination and the moderating effect of self-control in the association between adolescent peer attachment and subjective academic achievement. Participants included 1,135 Chinese junior and senior high school students who reported their peer attachment, subjective academic achievement, academic procrastination and self-control. The results showed that peer attachment was significantly positively associated with subjective academic achievement and academic procrastination partially mediated this relation. Additionally, the relation between peer attachment and academic procrastination was moderated by self-control, such that the negative relation between peer attachment and academic procrastination was stronger for adolescents with high self-control than those with low self-control. These findings highlight the salient roles of individual and contextual factors in Chinese adolescents’ academic achievement.
PATHWAYS TO ORAL HEALTH INEQUALITIES
Authors: Tsakos Georgios
Published: February 2025

Over the last 10 years, health inequalities have been at the centre of the public health research agenda. Relevant research has demonstrated the detrimental impact of inequalities on the health and well-being of populations and has shifted the policy debate towards addressing the social determinants of health. Like for general health, there are also inequalities for oral health. This lecture will first summarise the relevant evidence in relation to the extent and pattern of inequalities in oral health in Europe, with particular emphasis on data from national epidemiological studies. The overall picture reveals social gradients in oral health, but there are also variations according to the socioeconomic position measures and oral health outcomes employed (clinical and/or subjective measures of oral health and quality of life) as well as for different age groups. The main focus will be on exploring the role of the different pathways that may help explain oral health inequalities. The potential role of health behaviours, dental service / care provision, psychosocial factors, as well as the broader political factors will be discussed in that respect. Finally, the presentation will highlight key areas so that research can be translated into public health action towards addressing oral health inequalities.
CARIES EXPERIENCE AMONG 15-YEARS OLD STUDENTS FROM STRUMICA CITY
Authors: Stevanovic M. , Nikolovska J. , Jankulovska M. , Popovski V. , Ambarkova V.
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study was to assess dental caries in 15-year-old students attending two regular public secondary schools in Strumica city.

Methods: In 2014, during this cross-sectional study, 545 secondary school students (born in 1997/98), from first grades were selected from 2 public secondary schools. The ethics committee of the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of St Cyril and Methodius approved the study and parental consent was obtained for each child. Dental status was evaluated using the 2013 World Health Organization caries diagnostic criteria for Decayed, Missing or Filled Teeth (DMFT) by 2 calibrated examiners. Data obtained during the survey were stored in a database and the R software environment for statistical computing was used (http:// www.r-project.org/) and tested for possible statistically significant differences using the Kruslal- Wallis ANOVA test. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Participants dental status was evaluated using the 1997 World Health Organization caries diagnostic criteria for Decayed, Missing or Filled Teeth (DMFT) by 2 calibrated examiners.

Results: The total number of children in the sample was 545, comprising 206 (37.8%) females and 339 (62.2%) males. The mean DMFT was 3.36 (Standard Deviation = 2.99) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of 3.11-3.61. One- way analysis of variance (ANOVA) show p-value of 0.01560 (p < 0.05), which means that there was a statistically significant differences between mean DMFT scores for individuals who live in urban (3.81) and rural (3.12) areas. One- way analysis of variance (ANOVA) shows that there was a statistically significant differences between mean DMFT scores for males (3.04) and females (3.88). Significant caries (SiC) index was 6.69. The prevalence of caries-free children was 19.1%. The percentage of untreated caries or the ratio of DT/DMFT was 0.4386 (43.8%).

Conclusions: Dental caries experience was seen to be moderate among secondary school children from Strumica city and its surrounding. The DMF index data in adolescents from Strumica city show that dental caries is still a public health problem indicating that actions must be taken at national and local level.
ASSESSMENT OF A PROGRAMME FOR PROMOTING CARIES-FREE CHILDREN
Authors: Öcek Z. , Eden E. , YÜcel U. , Mut A. Nur Usturalı
Published: February 2025

This study aims to test the efficacy of an oral health promotion programme starting from pregnancy in increasing the mother’s self- efficacy to maintain their childrens oral health.

Methods: In this nonrandomised-controlled study the self-efficacy and behaviour of the intervention group was compared with a control group after two intervention phases of the program. The intervention group consisted of expectant mothers living in a low socioeconomic area of Izmir-Turkey. All women who were pregnant between April- June of 2013 (N=289) were invited to take part and the participation rate was 85.8% (N=248). The second phase was performed in 2014 when the babies were 6-9 months with a participation rate of 69.4%. Both phases were in culture centres located in the area where oral health of mothers were examined, tooth brushing instruction and interactive group education was given. 68.6% (n=118) of mothers who attended the first two phases came to third phase when the babies were 18-24 months old in 2015 and completed a questionnaire before the educational activities. The mothers of children of the same age (N=189), from a similar socioeconomic status, living in another part of the city with a participation rate of 59.8% were the control group (N=113). The percentages of the answers given by the groups were compared using Chi-square test. Ethical approval was obtained from Ege University Ethics Committee (No:13-2.1/18) and signed consents were taken.

Results: There was no difference on education levels, years spend in Izmir, social and healthcare insurance between two groups. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) among groups on percentage of partcipants whose mother tongue was not Turkish (control N=59, 52.2%; intervention N=41, 34.7%). 83 (70.3%) of the mothers in the intervention and 37 (32.7%) in the control group believed that they could prevent their children’s teeth from developing caries (p<0.05). The percentage of mothers who reported that they could clean their children’s teeth before going to bed everynight was significantly higher in the intervention group (intervention N=90, 76.3%; control N=62, 54.9%) (p<0.05) but the difference was lost due to childrens resistance to performing the task. Similarly the significant difference on not giving any other drink then water during sleep (N=77, 65.3%) and avoid giving sugary snacks (N=87, 74.4%) in the intervention group disapeared with children’s persistent crying or interference of the husband/mother-in-law. In the intervention group, 38 mothers (32.2%) reported that they didn’t give any sugary snacks, 51 mothers (43.2%) never fed their children during sleep and 31 mothers (26.3%) cleaned their children’s teeth during last week. The results in the control group were 22 (24.8%), 65 (57.5%) and 10 (8.8%) respectively (p<0.05).

Conclusions: The intervention study improved the self-efficacy of mothers on their children’s oral health but showed that there was a greater need to support them against obstacles.
THE INFLUENCE OF INTRINSIC FACTORS ON EROSIVE TOOTH WEAR IN A COHORT STUDY
Authors: Alaraudanjoki V. , Laitala M.L. , Ronkainen J. , Lussi A. , Anttonen V.
Published: February 2025

The interplay of causative and protective factors on the erosive tooth wear process is complex and little is known about the long-term effects. The aim of the present study was to assess the long-term influence of self-reported intrinsic factors (gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), alcohol abuse, heavy use of alcohol, multiple pregnancies and eating disorders) on erosive tooth wear in adults. Saliva secretion and bruxism were also taken into account.

Methods: Of the total Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966, those living in or within 100km of the city of Oulu (n=3,181) were invited for a dental examination. Of them, 1,962 (61.6%) participated, comprising the final study group. A standardized clinical dental examination was conducted in Oulu between 4/2012-6/2013 by seven calibrated dentists. Erosive tooth wear was assessed using the Basic Erosive Wear Examination Index (BEWE, 0 –18). Clinical data was supplemented by postal questionnaires conducted in 1997/1998 and 2012/2013 and hospital registers. The participants were divided into severe (BEWE sum≥9) and no to moderate (BEWE sum=0-8) erosive wear groups, and logistic regression models were applied. The Ethical Committee of the Northern Ostrobothnia Hospital District approved the study.

Results: Selected intrinsic factors were quite rare and explained only 5.9% of the difference in the prevalence and severity of erosive wear. Daily symptoms of GERD (OR3.8, CI 1.2-12.0) and hyposalivation (OR3.8,CI 1.2-11.8) were the strongest risk indicators for severe erosive wear. Additionally, variables associated with elevated risk for severe erosive wear were diagnosed alcoholism at any point (OR2.5,CI 0.7-9.7) and self-reported heavy use of alcohol in both questionnaires (OR2.0,CI 0.6-6.2). Even low-dose long-term consumption of alcohol was associated with erosive wear.

Conclusions: In this cohort sample, intrinsic factors such as GERD or alcoholism alone are relatively uncommon causes of erosive wear. The role of long-term use of alcohol in erosion may be bigger than presumed.
DEVELOPING THE PHARMACY WORKFORCE TO HELP REDUCE INEQUALITIES IN ORAL HEALTH
Authors: Humphreys K. , Allen Y. , Lambert-Humble S. , Shah S.
Published: February 2025

Collaborative working within community-based healthcare services can lead to improved patient care and improved access to services. Variation in access to services exists across the UK, both in terms of availability and accessibility of dental services. Community pharmacies offer an opportunity to improve access to care, through delivery of oral health advice and signposting patients. Increased collaboration could also enable pharmacists to better advise patients on oro-facial pain, oral care and dental services; therefore, contributing towards making every contact count and helping to reduce inequity in access.

Aims: To improve the oral knowledge, skills and understanding within community pharmacies and improve their integration and collaboration with dental services.

Methods: This project was based in Kent, Surrey and Sussex and stakeholder meetings were held between pharmacy and dental professionals to identify methods of improving collaboration and to understand the oral training needs of the pharmacy workforce. Involved in these stakeholder meetings were community and hospital pharmacists, dentists and dental care professionals.

Results: This project resulted in the production of 10 webinars and factsheets for pharmacy professionals about oral/dental issues, which were developed by the stakeholder meetings identifying topics that should be covered. Another outcome is the promotion of integration in the education and training of the dental and pharmacy workforce, which will be achieved by the development of a dental pain and pharmacy group to support the development of the factsheets/webinars and ensure communication between pharmacy and dentistry colleagues.

Conclusions: The project identified that dental and pharmacy professionals have a desire for increased collaboration. Communication and shared learning needs to be improved at undergraduate and postgraduate levels in order for pharmacies to provide the best advice to all patients. Longer-term changes in access to services and improvements in oral health will need to be monitored to identify whether these collaborations result in improved care. This model could provide a framework for other countries that are facing similar access challenges. Blended learning and access to common resources could support countries in reducing inequalities in access to oral health advice.
Patients’ and staffs’ experiences of clinical support after a lower limb reconstruction: An interview study
Authors: Leggett Heather , Lister Jennie , Hewitt Catherine , Sharma Hemant , McDaid Catriona
Published: February 2025

Objective: To explore patient and healthcare professional perspectives on post-lower limb reconstruction support. Design: A qualitative study . Setting: One-to-one semi-structured interviews undertaken via video conferencing software or over the telephone. Participants: Thirty-two patients (who had undergone reconstructive surgery due to trauma, malunion, non-union, infection or congenital issues treated by internal or external fixation) and 22 orthopaedic healthcare professionals (surgeons, nurses and physiotherapists) were interviewed between November 2020 and June 2021. Results: Thematic analysis was undertaken on data surrounding clinical support. Four themes were generated: being involved and feeling informed, physiotherapy as a motivator for recovery, the importance of timely access to physiotherapy, and mental health support. Patients valued being involved in decisions about their care and feeling informed. Supportive nurses played a key role, with patients appreciating clear communication and empathy. Trust in the clinical team eased anxiety, whilst a lack of information caused stress and dissatisfaction. Post-surgery, information on recovery, access to physiotherapy, and hospital contacts were crucial. Physiotherapy was vital for regaining mobility, providing motivation, and promoting confidence. Access to mental health support was limited, though patients appreciated emotional support from physiotherapists and hospital staff. Conclusion: By providing comprehensive support, healthcare professionals can optimise patient satisfaction with care, enhance psychological well-being, and facilitate the successful rehabilitation and reintegration of patients back into their daily lives.
Physiotherapy of the Trunk Related to Sitting Function After Stroke: A Delphi Study
Authors: Bell Elizabeth , Briffa Kathy , McLoughlin James , Fary Robyn
Published: February 2025

Objective

To develop consensus statements from a Delphi panel about physiotherapy of the trunk related to sitting function for people with subacute stroke, with the express aim of facilitating treatment choices by novice physiotherapists.

Design

A four-round e-Delphi study using free-text responses and 5-point Likert scales for agreement.

Participants

Twenty-six panel members with expertise in clinical and/or research in neurological rehabilitation.

Main measures

Round 1 consisted of 5 free-text questions. Subsequent rounds ascertained agreement and consensus on statements formulated from Round 1 responses. Consensus was defined a priori as ≥70% agreement. Round 3 presented an additional two clinical observation queries related to the statements for comment.

Results

Twenty participants completed all four rounds. Nineteen of 26 participants (73%) thought physiotherapy of the trunk was important through all stages of recovery after stroke. Different interpretations about what constitutes physiotherapy of the trunk following stroke were identified. Fourteen statements of agreement regarding physiotherapy of the trunk were formulated. The majority of statements involved different activities in sitting such as control of movement over the base of support and reaching with the unaffected arm. In addition to the statements of agreement clinical observations for implementation of the statements were developed.

Conclusions

In the absence of detail in clinical guidelines and a wide range of interventions in systematic reviews, this study provides clear and specific options for novice physiotherapists of treatment of the trunk related to functional task practice in sitting and as preparation for sit to stand.
More than 3 years of teleconsultations: A retrospective cohort study in specialized outpatient palliative care
Authors: Veldeman Sarah , Martin Tobias , Wüeller Johannes , Czaplik Michael , Follmann Andreas
Published: February 2025

Background:

Telemedicine in palliative care is advancing to conquer challenges like staff shortages and limited access. Though feasibility and acceptance are proven, the clinical effects of teleconsultations (a nurse on-site consulting with a remote physician) have yet to be studied. The impact on physicians’ workload or which patients it suits best, remain unclear.

Aim:

This study analyses the effect of teleconsultations on physician quota (number of physician-attended home visits divided by total number of home visits) and hospitalizations in specialized outpatient palliative care (SOPC) after 3 years of use in Aachen, Germany.

Design:

In a single-center, retrospective cohort study (September 2019–March 2023), clinical data was retrieved from a palliative care provider.

Setting/Participants:

1756 patients with diseases from all medical disciplines received care during the observation period. By clinicians’ choice 384 received teleconsultations, while 1372 did not.

Results:

833 teleconsultations were conducted. Telemedicine patients were younger (72.8 ± 12.5 years vs. non-telemedicine 74.4 ± 12.8 years, p = 0.011), presented more diagnoses ( p < 0.001), while scope of symptoms and diagnoses was equivalent. Telemedicine patients had a longer duration of stay within the SOPC and more home visits. Physician quota in the telemedicine group was lower ( p < 0.001). A matched pairs analysis ( n = 726) showed no significant difference in hospitalizations.

Conclusions:

Telemedicine can reduce physician quota, alleviating personnel shortages while providing time for care-intensive patients and creating capacity for more patients. Telemedicine seems suited for multimorbid, long-term patients. A matched pairs analysis showed no difference in hospitalizations in telemedicine patients.
Changes and predictors of resilience among wife and husband caregivers of patients with advanced cancer: A longitudinal study
Authors: Sun Haiyan , Wacharasin Chintana , Hengudomsub Pornpat , Nagai Ayano
Published: February 2025

Background:

Resilience as a dynamic process plays a significant role in caregivers’ mental health. Little is known about gender differences in the resilience process and predictors of resilience in spousal caregivers.

Aim:

To investigate changes in resilience among wives and husbands of patients with advanced cancer over a 6-month posttreatment period, and identify different predictors of resilience between females and males.

Design:

This longitudinal, observational study was conducted from January to December 2022.

Setting/Participants:

Spousal caregivers of patients with newly diagnosed advanced cancer were recruited from five regional tertiary hospitals in China. There were three assessment points at 1, 3, and 6 months post-initial treatment. The dependent variable was resilience, and five independent repeated variables were investigated.

Results:

Totally, 179 wife caregivers and 133 husband caregivers were included. Resilience in both wife caregivers and husband caregivers increased over time (Wald χ2 = 29.83, p < 0.001) but husbands had higher levels of resilience than wives (Wald χ2 = 35.59, p < 0.001). However, there was no interaction between time and gender (Wald χ2 = 5.25, p > 0.05). Patient functional status, caregiver burden, social support, coping self-efficacy, and mutuality were predictors of resilience for wife caregivers. Meanwhile, patient functional status, caregiver burden and coping self-efficacy could predict resilience for husband caregivers.

Conclusions:

Healthcare providers may develop gender-specific interventions to promote resilience in spousal caregivers of patients with advanced cancer. This would improve mental health for caregivers in the process of palliative care.
Single-dose psilocybin therapy for alcohol use disorder: Pharmacokinetics, feasibility, safety and efficacy in an open-label study
Authors: Jensen Mathias Ebbesen , Stenbæk Dea Siggaard , Messell Catharina Dragsted , Poulsen Emil Deleuran , Varga Tibor V , Fisher Patrick McDonald , Nielsen Marie Katrine Klose , Johansen Sys Stybe , Volkow Nora D , Knudsen Gitte Moos , Fink-Jensen Anders
Published: February 2025

Background:

Psilocybin, a serotonin 2A receptor agonist with psychedelic properties, shows promise as a novel treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD). While current studies involve two dosing sessions, the effects of a single dose have not been investigated.

Aims:

To investigate the pharmacokinetics, feasibility, safety and efficacy of single-dose psilocybin therapy in AUD.

Methods:

This open-label, single-group study investigated single-dose psilocybin therapy in 10 treatment-seeking adults (8 men and 2 women; median age 44 years) with severe AUD. The treatment involved two preparation sessions, a high-dose psilocybin session (25 mg) and two integration sessions. Pharmacokinetics were determined by noncompartmental analysis, and changes in alcohol consumption, craving and self-efficacy, were assessed using a linear mixed model.

Results:

Notable between-participant pharmacokinetic variations were observed, with peak plasma psilocin concentrations ranging from 14 to 59 µg/L. Alcohol consumption significantly decreased over the 12 weeks following psilocybin administration. Heavy drinking days were reduced by 37.5 percentage points (95% CI: −61.1 to −13.9, p = 0.005), and drinks per day decreased by 3.4 drinks (95% CI: −6.5 to −0.3, p = 0.03). This was corroborated by reports of rapid and sustained reductions in craving and increases in self-efficacy.

Conclusions:

Despite pharmacokinetic variations, a single 25 mg psilocybin dose was safe and effective in reducing alcohol consumption in AUD patients. Larger randomised, placebo-controlled, single-dose AUD trials are warranted.

Clinical trial registration:

https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04718792
Averaging Non-Probability Online Surveys to Avoid Maximal Estimation Error
Authors: Murray-Watters Alexander , Zins Stefan , Sakshaug Joseph W. , Cornesse Carina
Published: February 2025

Data from online non-probability samples are often analyzed as if they were based on a simple random sample drawn from the general population. As the exact sampling frame for these non-probability samples are usually unknown, there is no general method to construct unbiased estimators. This raises the question of whether estimates based on online non-probability samples are consistent across sample vendors and concerning estimates based on probability samples. To address this question, we analyze data collected from eight different online non-probability sample vendors and one online probability-based sample. We find that estimates from the different non-probability samples can be very inconsistent. We suggest averaging estimates across multiple vendor samples to avoid the risk of a maximum estimation error. We evaluate several averaging approaches, including a LASSO regression procedure which identifies a subset of vendors that, when averaged, produce estimates that are more consistent with the reference probability-based estimates, compared to any single vendor. Our results show that estimates based on different vendors’ samples display different selection biases, but there is also some commonality among some vendor-specific estimates, thus there could be strong gains in estimation precision by averaging across a selection of multiple non-probability sample vendors.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in adult acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
Authors: Han Qiuping , Zhu Linlin
Published: February 2025

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is characterized by abnormal white matter findings and neurological symptoms. However, it is clinically rare and can easily be misdiagnosed. Herein, we describe a case of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in an adult patient with acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, confirmed by renal pathology and magnetic resonance imaging, and provide diagnostic suggestions for clinicians.
Repression and resistance: counter-terror raids target Kurdish community in London
Authors: Käyhkö Iida
Published: February 2025

The Kurdish community in the UK has long been targeted by counter-terrorism measures; however, recent raids and arrests are an unprecedented escalation in the scale and seriousness of political repression. The nature and scale of the violence animating these events can only be fully understood through a consideration of the role of counter-terrorism in British policing, as well as the international context in which the ‘war on terror’ continues to be waged. In particular, these events highlight the role of the Turkish state as a major player in European security regimes. Counter-terrorism, in targeting the Kurdish community not just in Britain but across Europe, is a practice of counter-insurgency, satisfying the bureaucratic, discursive, military and diplomatic needs of a number of political players – while providing the illusion of a state interested in the protection of its citizens and residents.
Methodological challenges in using screening tools for depression in migraine: A systematic review
Authors: Asheer Jasmin , Ali Fatima , Hilker Rikke , Videbech Poul , Schytz Henrik Winther
Published: February 2025

Background

Depression is frequently described to occur in migraine, and depression screening questionnaires are commonly used to evaluate depressive symptoms in patients with migraine. The present study aimed to investigate how the most common depression screening tools are used in migraine studies to determine whether they are applied and interpreted correctly.

Methods

PubMed was systematically searched, and we included any study using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) or Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). The study included adults diagnosed with migraine based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-2 or ICHD-3).

Results

The literature search generated 78 studies. Thirty-five (45%) of the included studies used a depression screening tool as evidence of depression. This applied to 53, 46, 47 and 13% of studies using PHQ, BDI, HADS and HAM-D, respectively. Only one study out of 35 confirmed the diagnosis with a diagnostic interview. The data presentation and interpretation across the studies was highly heterogeneous.

Conclusions

Screening tools as evidence of depression in patients with migraine may lead to inaccurate estimates of depression among migraine patients. There is a need for guidelines on and validation of depression screening tools in patients with migraine.
Empowering Public Sector Employees With Disabilities: The Impact of DEIA Initiatives on Experience, Welfare, and Performance Confidence
Authors: Hersugondo Hersugondo , Batu Kardison Lumban , Latan Hengky , Chiappetta Jabbour Charbel Jose , Lopes de Sousa Jabbour Ana Beatriz
Published: February 2025

People with disabilities have long faced barriers to employment and career advancement due to persistent stigmatization. Although diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility (DEIA) initiatives have gained attention in public administration, their impact on employees with disabilities remains underexplored. This study investigates how DEIA initiatives influence the experience, welfare, and performance confidence of disabled civil servants in Indonesian government institutions. Using covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM), the analysis incorporates confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural model evaluation, along with hypothesis testing. The findings highlight positive relationships between DEIA initiatives and the experience, welfare, and performance confidence, as well as between employee experience and welfare and performance confidence among individuals with disabilities. This study addresses a pressing issue in workplace environments, offering insights to inform the development of more effective HR practices aimed at overcoming these challenges.
Longitudinal Patterns of Special Education/Inclusive Classroom Placement of Children with Conduct Problems: Correlates and Risk of School Dropout
Authors: Garon-Carrier Gabrielle , Martin-Storey Alexa , Cloutier Gabrielle , Fitzpatrick Caroline , Lapalme Mélanie , Déry Michèle
Published: February 2025

Conduct problems are among the most common reasons of referral to special education services and placement in special classrooms. Students with conduct problems are at a high risk of school dropout. However, little is known about the association between placement in special classrooms and the risk of school dropout for students with conduct problems. We employed data from a longitudinal study of students with conduct problems who were receiving special education services in special or in inclusive classrooms at study entry ( N = 302). Five patterns of placement in special (vs. inclusive) classrooms were identified. Higher academic performance and receptive vocabulary, and lower externalizing problems reduce the odds of persistent placement in special classrooms. Students with a persistent or delayed placement had higher risk of school dropout in comparison to students with no placement history. Students in special classrooms at study entry did not have a greater risk of school dropout if they later transitioned to inclusive classrooms. Strengthening the academic performance and receptive vocabulary of students with conduct problems could prevent placement in special classrooms. Limiting persistent and delayed placement in special classrooms may decrease the risk of school dropout among students with conduct problems.
‘I Was Shattered and Broken’: Unmasking the Experiences and Responses of Black Canadian to Pregnancy Loss
Authors: Boakye Priscilla N. , Prendergast Nadia , Thomas Obewu Ola Abanta , Mugambi Diana
Published: February 2025

Background

Pregnancy loss remains an invisible tragedy that impacts on the psychosocial well-being of women and their families. Cultural norms and beliefs about pregnancy loss affect how some women respond and process the loss. Yet research about Black Canadian women's experiences of pregnancy loss is lacking. The purpose of this research was to explore Black Canadian women's experiences and responses to pregnancy loss.

Methods

A descriptive exploratory qualitative design was used to gain insight into the experiences of Black Canadian women. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with women who identified as Black. Data was analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.

Results

We purposely recruited and interviewed 32 Black Canadian women who experienced miscarriage, stillbirth, or neonatal death. Three overarching themes were identified: (a) coming to terms with the reality of losing a pregnancy, (b) grappling with the psychosocial burden of losing a pregnancy, and (c) navigating for support after losing a pregnancy.

Conclusion

Addressing the psychosocial burden of pregnancy loss is critical to promote the well-being of Black Canadian women. Nurses and other healthcare providers must recognize that the impact of pregnancy loss extends beyond the immediate clinical concerns. Therefore, intervention programs and follow up care must take a holistic and culturally responsive approach to address the needs of Black Canadian women beyond the period of the loss.
Victim Blaming, Gender, and Social Media Commentary: A Randomized Vignette Study of Audience Comments on News Reports of Intimate Partner Homicide
Authors: Wright Emily , Eriksson Li , Bond Christine E. W.
Published: February 2025

Public perceptions of intimate partner homicide victims are influenced by how the news media frames incidents, often perpetuating gendered stereotypes. In particular, research has found that victim blaming is common in the reporting of intimate partner homicide. However, the way the public engages with news media has changed, as social media platforms allow audiences to engage in news creation by posting comments. Despite this shift, limited research has examined the impact of gender and media frames on victim blaming comments. This study used an experimental vignette design to examine whether victim blaming comments made by Australian survey respondents ( n = 537) were influenced by the gender of the offender/victim pair and the framing of a media report, controlling for respondents’ media usage, attitudes, and demographics. Survey respondents were randomly assigned to one of four vignettes presenting a news report on an intimate partner homicide, which varied by the gender of the offender/victim and media frame (victim blaming/bad offender). Respondents were asked to leave a comment as if they were on a social media platform. Analyses revealed that respondents more commonly blamed the victim where there were female offender/male victim pairs compared to male offender/female victim pairs. Respondents also more commonly blamed the victim when there was a victim blaming frame compared to a bad offender frame. Finally, the analyses showed an interactive effect of the gender of the offender/victim pair and the media frame on respondents’ comments. Respondents were more likely to blame victims when the victim was male (female offender) and there was a victim blaming frame. The insights from this study have significant implications for policy and practice. Specifically, there is a need for enhanced training and resources for media professionals, as well as the creation of safer online communities through effective comment moderation.
Displaying and processing political violence in museum spaces: An introduction
Authors: Fuhrmann Larissa-Diana , Mannitz Sabine
Published: February 2025

Museums are central yet contested sites for engaging with the histories and legacies of political violence. Emerging from private collections and often from colonial contexts, they historically legitimized imperial conquest and repression, mostly neglecting critical scrutiny of their artifacts’ origins and narratives. Although the 20th century saw museums formally adopting more educational roles, their representations of political violence mostly reinforced hegemonic ideologies. A significant shift occurred post-World War II with Holocaust memorial museums emphasizing victimhood, commemoration, and prevention. By the late 20th century, critical and decolonial museology further challenged the concept of museums as supposedly authoritative institutions, and has been advocating for inclusive, reflexive practices that confront inter alia colonial complicity and amplify marginalized voices. This special issue examines how museums and those involved in them including artists and authors navigate the complexities of representing political violence, balancing historical accuracy, ethical considerations, and community engagement. They highlight the tensions between commemoration and sensationalism, raising critical questions about whose narratives are prioritized and whose are silenced. Drawing on interdisciplinary frameworks from memory studies, anthropology, and cultural studies, the contributors explore diverse global contexts, including Brazil, Canada, Colombia, and Germany. Case studies highlight decolonial interventions, contested memories, and innovative curatorial practices that attempt to resist linear historical narratives and foster social reconciliation in regards of political violence. By interrogating the implicit power dynamics and normative classifications within museum representations, this collection advances critical debates on the role of museums in shaping or enabling collective memory. It calls for a critical reevaluation of museological practices, urging institutions to acknowledge their complicity in historical and/or ongoing systemic violence while recognizing their potentials for reconciliation and decolonization efforts.