bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial Adaptation of Young Victims of Physical Neglect
Authors: Moreno‐Manso Juan Manuel , García‐Baamonde Mª Elena , Guerrero‐Barona Eloísa , Blázquez‐Alonso Macarena , Pozueco‐Romero José Manuel , Godoy‐Merino Mª José
Published: July 2016

This research analyses the level of psychosocial adaptation of young victims of physical neglect who are under care orders for their protection and in residential care centres. The aim was to determine the relationships between the different levels of competence and/or functioning in the various areas of adaptation. Young people between the ages of 12 and 14 years participated in the study. The instruments used to evaluate their psychosocial adaptation were the Inventory of Behavioural Adaptation and the Multifactorial Self‐evaluation Child Adaptation Test. The results indicate that young people suffering from physical neglect have difficulties in various areas of psychosocial adaptation. There is evidence of greater problems in the personal, social and school context than in the family context. The study stresses the importance of programmes applied in residential care centres and individualised educational treatments for the psychosocial adjustment of these young people, while also taking into account the personal, social and family circumstances that surround them.

‘Analyses the level of psychosocial adaptation of young victims of physical neglect who are under care orders’

Key Practitioner Messages

This research analyses psychosocial adaptation of young victims of physical neglect under care orders or institutionalised in residential care centres.

The sample was made up of young people institutionalised in residential care centres.

Results point to difficulties in various areas of psychosocial adaptation.

There is evidence of greater problems in the personal, social and school context than in the family context.

The study stresses the importance of the programmes applied in the residential care centres.
Characterization of Enzymes Catalyzing Transformations of Cysteine S‐Conjugated Intermediates in the Lincosamide Biosynthetic Pathway
Authors: Ushimaru Richiro , Lin Chia‐I , Sasaki Eita , Liu Hung‐wen
Published: July 2016

Lincosamides such as lincomycin A, celesticetin, and Bu‐2545, constitute an important group of antibiotics. These natural products are characterized by a thiooctose linked to a l‐proline residue, but they differ with regards to modifications of the thioacetal moiety, the pyrrolidine ring, and the octose core. Here we report that the pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate‐dependent enzyme CcbF (celesticetin biosynthetic pathway) is a decarboxylating deaminase that converts a cysteine S‐conjugated intermediate into an aldehyde. In contrast, the homologous enzyme LmbF (lincomycin biosynthetic pathway) catalyzes C−S bond cleavage of the same intermediate to afford a thioglycoside. We show that Ccb4 and LmbG (downstream methyltransferases) convert the aldehyde and thiol intermediates into a variety of methylated lincosamide compounds including Bu‐2545. The substrates used in these studies are the β‐anomers of the natural substrates. The findings not only provide insight into how the biosynthetic pathway of lincosamide antibiotics can bifurcate to generate different lincosamides, but also reveal the promiscuity of the enzymes involved.
Decreased expression of EZH2 reactivates RASSF2A by reversal of promoter methylation in breast cancer cells
Authors: Yu Pan , Guo Yawen , Yusufu Maimaiti , Liu Zeming , Wang Shan , Yin Xingjie , Peng Gongling , Wang Longqiang , Zhao Xiangwang , Guo Hui , Huang Tao , Liu Chunping
Published: July 2016

EZH2, the catalytic subunit of polycomb repressor complex 2, has oncogenic properties, whereas RASSF2A, a Ras association domain family protein, has a tumor suppressor role in many types of human cancer. However, the interrelationship between these two genes remains unclear. Here, we showed that the downregulation of EZH2 reduces CpG island methylation of the RASSF2A promoter, thereby leading to increased RASSF2A expression. Our findings also showed that knockdown of EZH2 increased RASSF2A expression in the human breast cancer cell line MCF‐7 in cooperation with DNMT1. This was similar to the effect of 5‐Aza‐CdR, a DNA methylation inhibitor that reactivates tumor suppressor genes and activated RASSF2A expression in our study. The EZH2 inhibitor DZNep markedly suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of MCF‐7 cells treated with ADR and TAM. EZH2 inhibits the expression of tumor suppressor gene RASSF2A via promoter hypermethylation. Thus, it plays an important role in tumorigenesis and is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of breast cancer.
Non‐infectious thrombosis of the melody® valve: A tale of two cities
Authors: Schneider Andrew E. , Delaney Jeffrey W. , Cabalka Allison K.
Published: July 2016

Bioprosthetic valve thrombosis is an uncommon complication. We report two young women with prior uncomplicated percutaneous pulmonary valve replacement (Melody®, Medtronic, Inc. Minneapolis, MN) who later developed symptomatic pulmonary emboli and pulmonary valve dysfunction without evidence of infection. Thrombophilia risk factors included oral contraceptive use and mild thrombophilia. Both experienced recovery of valve function following anticoagulation. Acute changes in Melody® valve function should prompt a thorough investigation for and treatment of potential thrombotic causes. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Chemo‐ and Regioselective Rhodium(I)‐Catalyzed [2+2+2] Cycloaddition of Allenynes with Alkynes
Authors: Yasuda Shigeo , Kawaguchi Yasuaki , Okamoto Yuta , Mukai Chisato
Published: July 2016

A highly chemo‐ and regioselective partially intramolecular rhodium(I)‐catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition of allenynes with alkynes is described. A range of diverse polysubstituted benzene derivatives could be synthesized in good to excellent yields, in which the allenynes served as synthetic equivalent to the diynes. A high regioselectivity could be observed when allenynes were treated with unsymmetrical alkynes.
Civil Society Organizations’ Experiences of Participative Environmental Mainstreaming: A Political Systems Perspective of a Regional European Polity
Authors: Chaney Paul
Published: July 2016

This paper addresses a lacuna in the literature on environmental policy integration by exploring civil society organizations' (CSOs) experiences of participative environmental mainstreaming – a policy imperative to embed environmental concerns in all aspects of policy‐making. A raft of international treaties and laws require this to be operationalized through knowledge exchange and critical engagement between governing elites and exogenous groups. Findings reveal how CSOs’ participation is shaped by electoral politics, party dynamics, veto players and strategic bridging. Respondents also questioned whether mainstreaming is more concerned with legitimation, performativity and the appearance of participative policy‐making than with outcomes. The wider contribution of the study is three‐fold: it reveals the issues and challenges facing CSOs, it underlines the need for adaptive engagement strategies and it shows the contingent nature of state attempts to foster civil society participation in environmental policy‐making. © 2016 The Authors Environmental Policy and Governance published by ERP Environment and John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Single Drop Electroanalysis and Interfacial Interactions: Sensitivity versus Limit of Detection†
Authors: Walgama Charuksha , Gallman Matthew , Krishnan Sadagopan
Published: July 2016

We report single drop electroanalytical measurements of pharmaceutically and biologically relevant compounds using screen printed electrodes (SPEs) modified with carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT‐COOH) as the sensor surface. Acetaminophen, nicotine, ascorbic acid, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced form (NADH) were detected in a single drop of solution. We show that combined polar and nonpolar interactions of analytes with ‐COOH functional groups and large surface area of MWCNT, respectively, allow highly sensitive analyte detection with wide dynamic range. Smaller analytes can bind to a significantly greater number of sensor sites than the bulkier analytes and offer better detection sensitivity. Results suggest that sensitivity is controlled by predominant nonpolar interactions that an analyte can undergo with the MWCNT‐COOH SPE sensor surface, whereas limit of detection is controlled by the extent of polar interactions between an analyte and the sensor surface, facilitating interfacial charge transport and an electrochemical signal output. Furthermore, a combination of polar and nonpolar analyte interactions with the sensor surface shows a synergistic effect on sensitivity and detection limit. This could be a likely reason for why sensitivity does not need to always correlate with lower detection limits as variations in the interfacial interactions are critical. Application of the designed single drop method to real samples was validated by estimating the amounts of acetaminophen, nicotine, ascorbic acid, and NADH in commercially available pharmaceuticals with excellent recovery.
What are the challenges in 2016 regarding resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in chronic myeloid leukemia and cancer?
Authors: Lewis Matthieu , Copland Mhairi , Soverini Simona , Sadovnik Irina , Bedel Aurélie , Prost Stéphane , Italiano Antoine , Mahon François‐Xavier
Published: July 2016

In the past decade, the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has undergone a drastic evolution. The discovery and success of imatinib and second‐generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors have substantially increased the outcome for CML patients. The next step in medical and scientific research is to better understand the malignancy so as to eventually find a cure to eliminate all leukemic cells from patients. One of the key issues is about the resistance of the leukemic stem cells to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Here, we briefly describe our current studies on CML resistance, and leukemic stem cell modeling and characterization.
A Simple Efficient Procedure for the Synthesis of Benzopyrano[2,3‐c]pyrazoles
Authors: Turki H. , Kamoun M. , Lahiani S. , El Gharbi R.
Published: July 2016

A one‐step procedure is proposed for synthesizing 2‐acyl benzopyrano[2,3‐c]pyrazoles and 2‐aryl benzopyrano[2,3‐c]pyrazoles. The method is based on the condensation of 2‐iminocoumarin‐3‐carbonitriles with hydrazides and hydrazines in acid as catalysts. A mechanism of reaction is proposed. All prepared compounds are identified by FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectroscopy, and elemental analysis.
Extension of summer climatic conditions into spring in the Western Mediterranean area
Authors: Jansa A. , Homar V. , Romero R. , Alonso S. , Guijarro J. A. , Ramis C.
Published: July 2016

From a local point of view, in May/June, there is an important and positive 2 m temperature trend at Palma (Mallorca), which is simultaneous and highly correlated with a strong increase in the 500 hPa geopotential height. This study analyses this fact as well as the observed tendencies in a wider seasonal and geographical context.

We confirm the particularly high correlation between 2 m temperature and 500 hPa geopotential during the warm months as opposed to the much weaker correlation in winter. This suggests that mechanisms for thermal changes act differently throughout the year in this region. Besides the direct radiative effect, warm season near‐surface temperatures are linked to the presence of deep anticyclones, which effectively determine the northern edge of the Hadley cell. Accordingly, the strong warming trend in the area of Palma during the warm months of the year is purportedly related to the poleward extension of the Hadley cell.

The fact that May/June shows the highest low‐level temperature trend among all bi‐monthly series is a common regional feature over a relatively wide area over the Western Mediterranean. Different geographical patterns emerge in other periods of the year. In July/August, the strongest low‐level warming area drifts to the east‐northeast, towards Ukraine and Russia. Coincidentally, the 500 hPa geopotential tendencies show a coherent pattern, with an intense positive trend ridge over the Western Mediterranean area in May/June, and a displacement of this ridge to the north‐east in July/August.

We show the connection between 500 hPa geopotential height and near‐surface temperature by means of a multiple lineal regression that attributes half of the local temperature tendency in Palma to the intensification of a 500 hPa ridge centred over the Western Mediterranean and surroundings.
Anthocyanins in different Citrus species: an UHPLC‐PDA‐ESI/MSn‐assisted qualitative and quantitative investigation
Authors: Fabroni Simona , Ballistreri Gabriele , Amenta Margherita , Rapisarda Paolo
Published: July 2016

BACKGROUND

Anthocyanins are water‐soluble pigments belonging to the flavonoid family. They are typically present in the flesh and peel in the blood orange cultivars. Although blood orange young shoots and flowers are not anthocyanin‐colored, lemon, citron, rangpur lime, and Meyer lemon young shoots and flowers exhibit marked pigmentation as a result of anthocyanins, demonstrating that anthocyanin biosynthesis in the Citrus genus is both tissue‐ and genotype‐dependent. The present study aimed to examine the qualitative and quantitative anthocyanin profile of fruit and other tissues from different Citrus species.

RESULTS

The presence of anthocyanin‐pigmented stigmas in the young flowers of a blood orange tree (cv. ‘Moro’) was characterized and reported for the first time. The dominant pigments in blood orange fruits were cyanidin 3‐glucoside and cyanidin 3‐(6′′‐malonyl‐glucoside), whereas different patterns were observed in the young shoots, flowers and peel tissues of different Citrus species.

CONCLUSION

The present study is the first to report differentially expressed anthocyanin pigmentation patterns in different organs from several species of the genus Citrus. The results obtained could also represent a starting point for further investigations that aim to better understand which regulatory genes are involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis in the fruits, shoots and floral tissues of different Citrus species. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
A throughput method using the quick easy cheap effective rugged safe method for the quantification of ibuprofen and its main metabolites in soils
Authors: Paíga Paula , Delerue‐Matos Cristina
Published: July 2016

Quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe extraction is a modern sample preparation method that involves a number of steps with a low susceptibility to error. The efficiency of a laboratory can be improved not only through labor reduction and consumable savings but also through the use of high‐throughput methods and the reduction of wastes. In commercially available kits, different salts and buffers are mixed in anhydrous packages. The composition of these kits are optimized and fixed for particular applications by the suppliers. In this work three model compounds (ibuprofen and two of its main metabolites: hydroxyibuprofen and carboxyibuprofen) were chosen and the amount of each salt (magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium citrate, and disodium citrate sesquihydrate) in the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe content was optimized for three different soil samples (soils A, B, and C) with different organic carbon contents, using a 24 factorial design. The optimized extraction procedure was applied to 12 soil samples; ranging from river sediments to agricultural soils.

Based on the analysis 100 samples, a price reduction of 5.1‐ (soil B), 5.7‐ (Soil C), and 6.1‐fold (soil A) was achieved without compromising the performance of the method when compared to commercial kits.
Office‐based 532‐Nanometer pulsed potassium‐titanyl‐phosphate laser for marsupialization of laryngeal and vallecular mucoceles
Authors: Helman Samuel N. , Pitman Michael J.
Published: July 2016

Objectives/Hypothesis

Many laryngopharyngeal disorders are effectively managed in the office. Herein, an in‐office method utilizing the 532‐nm potassium‐titanyl‐phosphate (KTP) laser for the treatment of benign laryngeal and vallecular mucoceles is described.

Study Design

Retrospective case review.

Methods

A review was performed of patients who had their vallecular or laryngeal mucoceles marsupialized in the office using KTP laser.

Results

Outcomes included long‐term follow‐up laryngoscopy for evidence of recurrence, significant intraprocedural complications, tolerance of the procedure, final pathology of the specimen, and resolution of symptoms.

Conclusions

In‐office KTP marsupialization of laryngeal and vallecular mucoceles is effective and well tolerated, with no episodes of recurrence to date.

Level of Evidence

4. Laryngoscope, 127:1116–1118, 2017
One More Employer Headache from the DOL: How Painful Is the New Persuader Rule?
Authors: DeMaria Alfred T.
Published: July 2016

If employees only knew their employers hired consultants to help them communicate clearly and lawfully about a union, they would be shocked, dismayed, and much more likely to vote for a union. That is the gist of the Department of Labor's explanation of why it recently issued its new persuader activity reporting rules.
Effective network management via dynamic network anomaly visualization
Authors: Liao Qi , Li Ting
Published: July 2016

Managed network has become increasingly large, complex, heterogeneous, and dynamic. With tremendous number of network components changing at any moment, deciding which events and changes are possibly abnormal and need further investigation is extremely challenging. While there has been widely adopted practice to log daily activities through standard file formats such as netflow, syslog, firewall, and IDS systems, it is vital for system administrators and network managers to be able to analyze the vast amount of log data in order to detect suspicious behaviors or patterns, possibly because of malicious users/applications or faulty devices. While there are automated systems that are available to generate warnings, whether such alarms are true or false, and more importantly, what are the underlying causes are still difficult to know. To bridge the gap between network logging and anomaly analysis, we design and implement a visualization tool that combines multiple useful visualizations together with algorithms such as graph link anomaly analysis. We study the effects of different visualization methods on detecting and analyzing network and system anomalous events and their causes and show that these views, when combined and linked together, may provide an effective alternative for network management and anomaly analysis. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mean‐strain 10‐node tetrahedron with energy‐sampling stabilization
Authors: Pakravan Alireza , Krysl Petr
Published: July 2016

In this study, a new mean‐strain 10‐node tetrahedral element is developed using energy‐sampling stabilization. The proposed 10‐node tetrahedron is composed of several four‐node linear tetrahedral elements, four tetrahedra in the corners and four tetrahedra that tile the central octahedron in three possible sets of four‐node linear tetrahedra, corresponding to three different choices for the internal diagonal. The assumed strains are calculated from mean ‘basis function gradients.’ The energy‐sampling technique introduced previously for removing zero‐energy modes in the mean‐strain hexahedron is adapted for the present element: the stabilization energy is evaluated on the four‐corner tetrahedra. The proposed element naturally leads to a lumped‐mass matrix and does not have unphysical low‐energy vibration modes. For simplicity, we limit our developments to linear elasticity with compressible and nearly incompressible material. The numerical tests demonstrate that the present element performs well compared with the classical 10‐node tetrahedral elements for shell and plate structures, and nearly incompressible materials. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Population Exposure‐Response Modeling of Naloxegol in Patients With Noncancer‐Related Pain and Opioid‐Induced Constipation
Authors: Al‐Huniti N , Nielsen JC , Hutmacher MM , Lappalainen J , Cantagallo K , Sostek M
Published: July 2016

Naloxegol is a polyethylene glycol derivative of naloxone approved in the US as a once‐daily oral treatment for opioid‐induced constipation (OIC) in adults with chronic noncancer pain. Population exposure–response models were constructed based on data from two phase III studies comprising 1,331 adults with noncancer pain and OIC. In order to characterize the protocol‐defined naloxegol responder rate, the number of daily spontaneous bowel movements (SBMs) was characterized by a longitudinal ordinal nonlinear mixed‐effects logistic regression dose–response model, and the incidence of diary entry discontinuation was described by a time‐to‐event model. The mean number of SBMs per week increased with increasing naloxegol dose. The predicted placebo‐adjusted responder rates (90% confidence interval) were 10.4% (4.6–13.4%) and 11.1% (4.8–14.4%) for naloxegol 12.5 and 25 mg/day, respectively. Model‐predicted response to naloxegol was influenced by the baseline SBM frequency and characteristics of the opioid treatment.
Electronic properties of CVD graphene: The role of grain boundaries, atmospheric doping, and encapsulation by ALD
Authors: Van Veldhoven Zenas A. , Alexander‐Webber Jack A. , Sagade Abhay A. , Braeuninger‐Weimer Philipp , Hofmann Stephan
Published: July 2016

Grain boundaries and unintentional doping can have profound effects on graphene‐based devices. Here we study these in detail for CVD grown poly‐crystalline monolayer graphene with two significantly different grain size distributions centered around 10–25 μm and 100–400 μm. Although the two types of graphene are processed under identical conditions after growth, they show distinct transport properties in field effect transistor devices. While all as‐fabricated samples showed similar p‐type doping, the smaller grain size type graphene with larger number of grain boundaries exhibit lower average mobility. In order to separate out the effects of grain boundaries and doping from ambient exposure on the transport properties, the devices were encapsulated with Al2O3 by atomic layer deposition. The encapsulation of large grain samples thereby showed drastic improvements in the performance with negligible doping while the small grain samples are largely intolerant to this process. We discuss the implications of our data for the integrated manufacturing of graphene‐based device platforms.
Adaptive pre‐specification in randomized trials with and without pair‐matching
Authors: Balzer Laura B. , van der Laan Mark J. , Petersen Maya L. ,   the SEARCH Collaboration
Published: July 2016

In randomized trials, adjustment for measured covariates during the analysis can reduce variance and increase power. To avoid misleading inference, the analysis plan must be pre‐specified. However, it is often unclear a priori which baseline covariates (if any) should be adjusted for in the analysis. Consider, for example, the Sustainable East Africa Research in Community Health (SEARCH) trial for HIV prevention and treatment. There are 16 matched pairs of communities and many potential adjustment variables, including region, HIV prevalence, male circumcision coverage, and measures of community‐level viral load. In this paper, we propose a rigorous procedure to data‐adaptively select the adjustment set, which maximizes the efficiency of the analysis. Specifically, we use cross‐validation to select from a pre‐specified library the candidate targeted maximum likelihood estimator (TMLE) that minimizes the estimated variance. For further gains in precision, we also propose a collaborative procedure for estimating the known exposure mechanism. Our small sample simulations demonstrate the promise of the methodology to maximize study power, while maintaining nominal confidence interval coverage. We show how our procedure can be tailored to the scientific question (intervention effect for the study sample vs. for the target population) and study design (pair‐matched or not). Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Affinity Versus Label‐Free Isolation of Circulating Tumor Cells: Who Wins?
Authors: Murlidhar Vasudha , Rivera‐Báez Lianette , Nagrath Sunitha
Published: July 2016

The study of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has been made possible by many technological advances in their isolation. Their isolation has seen many fronts, but each technology brings forth a new set of challenges to overcome. Microfluidics has been a key player in the capture of CTCs and their downstream analysis, with the aim of shedding light into their clinical application in cancer and metastasis. Researchers have taken diverging paths to isolate such cells from blood, ranging from affinity‐based isolation targeting surface antigens expressed on CTCs, to label‐free isolation taking advantage of the size differences between CTCs and other blood cells. For both major groups, many microfluidic technologies have reported high sensitivity and specificity for capturing CTCs. However, the question remains as to the superiority among these two isolation techniques, specifically to identify different CTC populations. This review highlights the key aspects of affinity and label‐free microfluidic CTC technologies, and discusses which of these two would be the highest benefactor for the study of CTCs.
Oscillation effect of auxiliary winding in primary side regulated flyback converter
Authors: Zhang Taizhi , Xu Manchao , Qian Qinsong , Sun Weifeng , Lu Shengli
Published: July 2016

In the operation of a primary‐side‐regulated (PSR) flyback converter, oscillation of the auxiliary winding would degrade the system reliability, as this winding plays an important role. In previous works, the oscillation of the auxiliary winding was thought to be related to the oscillation of the primary winding when the switch is turned off. However, a comprehensive explanation has not been given for this phenomenon. Meanwhile, the oscillation of the auxiliary winding depends not only on the oscillation of the primary winding but also on the conducting size and the layer distribution. Based on a multi‐winding model obtained from the physical dimensions, this paper derives a mathematical expression to calculate the relation, in the time domain, between the ringing of the auxiliary winding and primary winding. The analytical results would allow the magnetic windings to be analyzed and optimized because the oscillation of the auxiliary winding is expressed as a function of the winding geometry and position. Besides, the skin and proximity effects as well as the nonlinear core properties are considered in the multi‐winding model. An application example is also included. Simulation and experimental results of a single‐stage, 16‐W PSR flyback converter are given to validate the proposed analysis. © 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Relay selection for secrecy connectivity in random wireless networks
Authors: Juan Bai , Tao Xiaofeng , Xu Jin , Zhang Xuefei , Zhang Qin
Published: July 2016

In the paper, we study the problem of secure connectivity for colluding eavesdroppers using relay selection in random wireless networks, where the relay nodes and eavesdroppers are all randomly distributed according to two independent Poisson point process. The decode‐and‐forward and randomize‐and‐forward two relay strategies are considered, and a new metric is defined for best relay selection and random relay selection. We derive closed‐form expressions for the secrecy outage probability for the two relay strategies. In particular, the effect of power allocation ratio and the maximum ratio combing at the destination node on the secrecy outage probability is demonstrated for the decode‐and‐forward relay strategy. Numerical results illustrate the secrecy performance gains with collaborative transmit diversity. © 2016 The Authors. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Visual data in health professions education: time to consider their use, ethics and aims
Authors: Paradis Elise , Leake Patricia J.
Published: July 2016

None
Seismic rotational displacement of retaining walls: a pseudo-dynamic approach
Authors: Pain Anindya , Choudhury Deepankar , Bhattacharyya S. K.
Published: July 2016

Design of earth retaining wall is an important problem in geotechnical engineering. A retaining wall may fail in sliding or rotation. In the present study, rotational mode of failure is considered. A new approach to compute the rotational displacement of gravity retaining wall under seismic condition is proposed. Seismic forces are computed using pseudo-dynamic method. Dry backfill soil is considered. The present solution is for horizontal ground surface. In the computation of rotational displacement, the location of rotating wall and shift in the point of application of all the associated forces after each time step is included which was ignored in earlier studies. From the present analysis, it is found that the rotational displacement depends on the characteristics of the input motion. A non-dimensional term is used to quantify the effect of input motion on the rotational displacement. Shear strength properties of the backfill soil and geometry of the wall plays very crucial role in computation of rotational displacement.
Using stable isotopes and continuous meltwater river monitoring to investigate the hydrology of a rapidly retreating Icelandic outlet glacier
Authors: MacDonald A. M. , Black A. R. , Ó Dochartaigh B. É. , Everest J. , Darling W. G. , Flett V. , Peach D. W.
Published: July 2016

Virkisjökull is a rapidly retreating outlet glacier draining the western flanks of Öræfajökull in SE Iceland. Since 2011 there have been continuous measurements of flow in the proglacial meltwater channel and regular campaigns to sample stable isotopes δ2H and δ18O from the river, ice, moraine springs and groundwater. The stable isotopes provide reliable end members for glacial ice and shallow groundwater. Analysis of data from 2011 to 2014 indicates that although ice and snowmelt dominate summer riverflow (mean 5.3–7.9 m3 s−1), significant flow is also observed in winter (mean 1.6–2.4 m3 s−1) due primarily to ongoing glacier icemelt. The stable isotope data demonstrate that the influence of groundwater discharge from moraines and the sandur aquifer increases during winter and forms a small (15–20%) consistent source of baseflow to the river. The similarity of hydrological response across seasons reflects a highly efficient glacial drainage system, which makes use of a series of permanent englacial channels within active and buried ice throughout the year. The study has shown that the development of an efficient year round drainage network within the lower part of the glacier has been coincident with the stagnation and subsequent rapid retreat of the glacier.
Real-World, Long-Term Quality of Life Following Therapeutic OnabotulinumtoxinA Treatment
Authors: Jog Mandar , Wein Theodore , Bhogal Meetu , Dhani Sonja , Miller Robert , Ismail Farooq , Beauchamp Richard , Trentin Grace
Published: July 2016

Background:OnabotulinumtoxinA is an efficacious treatment option for patients with various conditions. Although studies have reported on the efficacy of onabotulinumtoxinA, quality of life (QoL) data are limited. This study evaluated QoL in patients treated with onabotulinumtoxinA across various therapeutic indications.Methods:MDs on BOTOX Utility (MOBILITY) was a prospective, multicenter, observational Canadian study in patients initiating (naïve) or receiving ongoing (maintenance) onabotulinumtoxinA treatment. Health utility was the primary outcome measure and was obtained from the Short Form-12 Health Survey using the Short Form-6D at baseline, week 4 posttreatment, and up to five subsequent treatment visits. The safety cohort included patients who received ≥1 onabotulinumtoxinA treatment.Results:The efficacy cohort included 1062 patients; the majority were Caucasian, female, and on maintenance onabotulinumtoxinA treatment. Adult focal spasticity (n=398), blepharospasm (n=81), cerebral palsy (n=22), cervical dystonia (n=234), hemifacial spasm (n=116), and hyperhidrosis (n=211) patients were included. Baseline health utility was generally higher in maintenance versus naïve patients; however, naïve patients showed the greatest improvements over time. Health utility was generally maintained or trended toward improvement across all cohorts, including maintenance patients who had been treated for up to 22 years before study entry. Eighteen of 1222 patients (2%) in the safety cohort reported 28 treatment-related adverse events; eight were serious in four patients.Conclusion:MOBILITY is the largest prospective study to date to provide QoL data over a variety of therapeutic indications following treatment with onabotulinumtoxinA. Although the QoL burden varies by disease, data suggest that long-term treatment may help improve or maintain QoL over time.
ANDRÉ–OORT CONJECTURE AND NONVANISHING OF CENTRAL -VALUES OVER HILBERT CLASS FIELDS
Authors: BURUNGALE ASHAY A. , HIDA HARUZO
Published: July 2016

Let$F/\mathbf{Q}$be a totally real field and$K/F$a complex multiplication (CM) quadratic extension. Let$f$be a cuspidal Hilbert modular new form over$F$. Let${\it\lambda}$be a Hecke character over$K$such that the Rankin–Selberg convolution$f$with the${\it\theta}$-series associated with${\it\lambda}$is self-dual with root number 1. We consider the nonvanishing of the family of central-critical Rankin–Selberg$L$-values$L(\frac{1}{2},f\otimes {\it\lambda}{\it\chi})$, as${\it\chi}$varies over the class group characters of$K$. Our approach is geometric, relying on the Zariski density of CM points in self-products of a Hilbert modular Shimura variety. We show that the number of class group characters${\it\chi}$such that$L(\frac{1}{2},f\otimes {\it\lambda}{\it\chi})\neq 0$increases with the absolute value of the discriminant of$K$. We crucially rely on the André–Oort conjecture for arbitrary self-product of the Hilbert modular Shimura variety. In view of the recent results of Tsimerman, Yuan–Zhang and Andreatta–Goren–Howard–Pera, the results are now unconditional. We also consider a quaternionic version. Our approach is geometric, relying on the general theory of Shimura varieties and the geometric definition of nearly holomorphic modular forms. In particular, the approach avoids any use of a subconvex bound for the Rankin–Selberg$L$-values. The Waldspurger formula plays an underlying role.
A modified near wake dynamic model for rotor analysis
Authors: Wang T. , Coton F. N.
Published: July 2016

The Beddoes near wake model, developed for high resolution blade vortex interaction computations, enables efficient numerical evaluation of the downwash due to trailed vorticity in the near wake of a helicopter rotor. The model is, however, limited by the assumption that the near wake lies in the plane of the rotor and, in some cases, by its inability to accurately evaluate the induced velocity contribution from vorticity trailed from inboard blade sections. In this paper, modifications to the method are proposed which address these issues and allow it to be used with confidence over a wider range of rotor flows.
GHOSTWRITING ELEGY IN PROPERTIUS 4.7
Authors: Wallis Jonathan
Published: July 2016

Propertian elegy is not an obstinately male genre. It is engendered as masculine in its discursive mastery over the female object of its erotics and poetics, but engenders itself as effeminate in its association with softness, submissiveness, and impotence, and as feminine especially in its self-critique and its interrogation of Roman gender and sexuality.

M. Wyke,The Roman Mistress(Oxford, 2002), 189
Köln Radiocarbon Measurements I
Authors: Schwabedissen H. , Freundlich J.
Published: July 2016

After publication of the occurrence of C14 in nature and the first successful datings made by the radiocarbon method (Anderson et al., 1947; Arnold and Libby, 1949), a fair number of physicists as well as geologists, paleobotanists, and prehistorians in Germany became interested (e.g., Harteck, 1951; Zeuner, 1951; Firbas, 1953; Schwabedissen, 1949) in studying the applicability of the new method. So, one of us (H.S.) together with F. Firbas tried to stimulate plans by F. Houtermans (later at Bern, Switzerland) to organize a dating laboratory at Göttingen, before 1950. When the Heidelberg laboratory was founded, close contact was kept with O. Haxel and K. O. Münnich by providing them with carefully selected samples covering a variety of prehistoric ages (partly published in Heidelberg I). Samples were also submitted to Washington, D. C. (see USGS III, I, II), Yale (see Yale III), and Copenhagen (unpub.).
RIKEN Natural Radiocarbon Measurements II
Authors: Yamasaki Fumio , Hamada Tatsuji , Fujiyama Chikako
Published: July 2016

The C14 dates given below are a continuation of the work presented in our first list (RIKEN I), and have been obtained by counting CO2 at about 2 atm pressure in a 2.7-L stainless steel counter. In this article, results obtained during 1964-65 are described.

Shell samples were treated with 1% HCl to remove the outer 10%. Calcareous deposits on the surface, when observed, were removed by mechanical means.
Tata Institute Radiocarbon Date List IV
Authors: Agrawal D. P. , Kusumgar Sheela
Published: July 2016

All measurements reported in the previous date lists (Kusumgar et al., 1963a; Agrawal et al., 1964 and 1965a) were based on acetylene counting. Since September 1964 we have changed over to methane counting and all dates presented here are based on this method. Methane counting offers certain advantages over acetylene, e.g., (1) rapid synthesis, (2) the non-explosive nature of gas, (3) the synthesized gas is radon-free. The disadvantage of having only one atom per molecule in methane (CH4), as against two in acetylene (C2H2), is compensated by the fact that methane can be counted at higher pressures with relatively low operating voltages.
University of Wisconsin Radiocarbon Dates II
Authors: Bender Margaret M. , Bryson Reid A. , Baerreis David A.
Published: July 2016

This report summarizes the radiocarbon dates obtained at the University of Wisconsin since November 1964; the procedures followed have been described previously (Wisconsin I, 1965).

The counting equipment has been supplemented with a second detector of 500 ml volume for which the nominal background at 1 std atm, 298.2° K, is 2.1 cpm as determined with petroleum methane (Phillips Petroleum Co.). The corresponding standard count for contemporary methane derived from NBS oxalic acid 95% Aox, is nominally 2.8 cpm at 1 std atm, 298.2° K. The additional counting equipment was also obtained from the Sharp Division of Beckman Instrument Co.
Bern Radiocarbon Dates VI
Authors: Oeschger H. , Riesen T.
Published: July 2016

This date list consists of some of the samples measured since summer 1965. For the routine measurements the same technique and equipment as described earlier was used (Bern IV).
Louvain Natural Radiocarbon Measurements V
Authors: Gilot E.
Published: July 2016

The measurements reported in this list were made in the Louvain C14 dating laboratory in 1966. Sample preparation, counting procedure and calculation method are described in the previous lists. Ages are calculated on the basis of a C14 half life of 5570 yr (Godwin, 1962). Errors, including the experimental standard deviation of the counting rate of the background, of the modern standard and of the unknown sample, are expressed by 1σ (Crèvecoeur and others, 1959).
Oak Ridge Institute of Nuclear Studies Radiocarbon Dates I
Authors: Noakes John E. , Kim S. M. , Akers L. K.
Published: July 2016

The Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory of the Oak Ridge Institute of Nuclear Studies (ORINS) was developed as a teaching and research facility in the Special Training Division. This facility is available to participants enrolled in various courses held at ORINS, research groups associated with the 41 universities that make up the Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU), and other colleges, unversities or institutions interested in this lab for teaching or research.
Rhodesian Radiocarbon Measurements III
Authors: Sheppard J. G. , Swart E. R.
Published: July 2016

The following list of dates has been obtained since the compilation of List II in December 1965. Procedures of measurement are essentially unchanged from those reported previously (SR I and SR II).
University of Texas Radiocarbon Dates V
Authors: Valastro S. , Pearson F. J. , Davis E. Mott
Published: July 2016

This list reports routine measurements made at this laboratory since the preparation of Texas IV. Samples numbered through Tx-309 were counted under the supervision of Pearson, who left the laboratory early in 1966. Valastro, Associate Director since August, 1966, is responsible for samples beginning with Tx-310. Laboratory administration and sample screening have been handled by Davis, M. A. Tamers, formerly Director, resigned in 1966.
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements I
Authors: Srdoč Dušan , Breyer Branko , Sliepčević Adela
Published: July 2016

The routine processing and measurement of samples in our Radiocarbon Laboratory began early in 1970 following a one-year testing period during which standard samples (anthracite and NBS oxalic acid) as well as samples of known age were prepared and measured. Our system is based on the studies of de Vries and Barendsen (1953), Fairhall et al. (1961) and Olson and Nickoloff (1965). However, several modifications of the cited methods were introduced and are briefly discussed below. A detailed description of the whole system will be published elsewhere (Srdoč et al., 1970).
Institut Royal du Patrimoine Artistique Radiocarbon Dates III
Authors: Dauchot-Dehon M. , Heylen J.
Published: July 2016

This list includes the results of datings made during 1969–70. The method is essentially the same as described in R., 1968, v. 10, p. 29–35; 1971, v. 13, p. 29–31.
University of Cambridge Natural Radiocarbon Measurements X
Authors: Switsur V. R. , West R. G.
Published: July 2016

Measurements reported in this paper were obtained in the Cambridge Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory during 1970–71. For most determinations, pure carbon dioxide at a pressure of 2 atm was used to fill the copper proportional counters, of 0.5 L or 1.5 L volume. The counters were protected by a massive lead shield and a plastic scintillation anticoincidence screen (Switsur, Hall, and West, 1970). Modern sample gas was obtained from the 1845 to 1855 growth rings of a locally grown oak tree which was felled in 1950. Background was prepared from Welsh anthracite. The contemporary standard is compared frequently with the activity of the International NBS oxalic acid standard. Sample ages are calculated using the conventional half-life of 5568 ± 30 years and the uncertainty stated in terms of one standard deviation of the counting statistics.
Ohio Wesleyan University Natural Radiocarbon Measurements V
Authors: Ogden J. Gordon , Hay Ruth J.
Published: July 2016

The following list of determinations is compiled from samples prepared since publication of our last date list (R., 1969, v. 11, p. 137–149) and includes sample measurements through July, 1970. The Radiocarbon Laboratory was dismantled and transported to Halifax, Nova Scotia, where it will resume operation as the Dalhousie University Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory.
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements II
Authors: Srdoč Dušan , Sliepčevic Adela , Planinic Josip , Obelic Bogomil , Breyer Branko
Published: July 2016

The present list contains dates of samples measured since our previous list (R., 1971, v. 13, p. 135–140). As before, age calculations are based on the Libby half-life 5568 ± 30 yr, and reported in years before 1950. The modern standard is 0.950 of the activity of NBS oxalic acid, giving a net counting rate of 21.68cpm. The background count is measured by a series of inactive samples such as marble, anthracite, petroleum coke, and old natural methane. Background count of these samples give a mean value of 6.05cpm. It is observed that marble always gives the highest value of background count while natural methane gives the lowest. Results, however, are within ± 1 σ of the mean value.
University of Pennsylvania Radiocarbon Dates XVII
Authors: Lawn Barbara
Published: July 2016

This date list includes most of the archaeologic and geologic samples dated in this laboratory since publication of our last date list (R, v 13, p 367–381), as well as some samples dated previously, which lacked adequate sample information. Known-age samples are reported in Univ of Pennsylvania Radiocarbon Dates XVI, this issue. The bp ages are based on ad 1950, and have been calculated with the half-life value of 5568 yr. All samples were counted at least twice for periods of not less than 1000 min each. Errors quoted for each sample are derived from the measurement of the sample, the background, and several counts of our mid- 19th century standard Oak sample, but do not include the half-life error. All samples were pretreated with 3N HCL, and some, where noted, were given additional pretreatment with 2% NaOH for the removal of possible humic acid contaminants.
University of Miami Radiocarbon Dates II
Authors: Stipp J J , Eldridge K L
Published: July 2016

The following list of dates are selected from geologic and archaeologic samples measured in late 1973. The laboratory procedures and techniques are the same as indicated in R, 1974, v 16, p 402–408, where sample is synthesized to benzene and counted for 24 hours in either a Beckman LS-100-C or Packard 2311 liquid scintillation spectrometer. Ages are calculated relative to 0.95 x NBS oxalic acid using a 14C half-life of 5568 years. The quoted error is 1σ, which includes only the counting uncertainties of the background, modern standard, and sample. Sample descriptions and comments were written in collaboration with collectors and submitters.
Institute of Geological Sciences Radiocarbon Dates VI
Authors: Welin E , Engstrand L , Vaczy S
Published: July 2016

This date list was compiled by the Institute of Geological Sciences (UK) incorporating data supplied under contract by E Welin, Radioactive Dating Laboratory, Stockholm. Unless otherwise stated, age figures are in 14C years before AD 1950. The half-life of 14C is taken as 5568 years and the error, based on counting statistics of sample, background, and modern, is given as one standard deviation. Correction for 13C/12C fractionation has been made.
University of Lund Radiocarbon Dates VIII
Authors: Håkansson Sören
Published: July 2016

Most of the14C measurements reported here were made between October 1973 and October 1974. Equipment, measurement, and treatment of samples are the same as reported previously (R, 1968, v 10, p 36–37; 1970, v 12, p 534).
Tata Institute Radiocarbon Date List XI
Authors: Agrawal D P , Kusumgar Sheela
Published: July 2016

This is the last installment of 14C dates done at the Tata Institute; the lab has now shifted to the Physical Research Laboratory, Navarangpura, Ahmedabad-380 009, India.
University of Alaska Radiocarbon Dates I
Authors: Reeburgh William S , Young M Springer
Published: July 2016

The radiocarbon dating laboratory in the Institute of Marine Science at the University of Alaska was established in the fall of 1968 and became operational a year later. Most of the samples examined have been from Alaska and consist largely of wood and peat.
Queens College Radiocarbon Measurements I
Authors: Pardi R
Published: July 2016

The radiocarbon dating laboratory of Queens College, CUNY, was established with the joint support of the Research Foundation of the City University of New York and the departments of Anthropology, Biology, Chemistry, and Earth and Environmental Sciences of Queens College. The laboratory has been operational since June, 1975 and is located in the basement of a two-story concrete and brick building.