bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Discussion on Optimal Wavelet Basis for Data De-Noising of Insulator Leakage Current
Authors: Wang Yi Cong
Published: June 2014

Insulator leakage current contains important information which can reflect the condition of insulators. However, it is always swallowed by many other noises which hinder us to get precise signals. Wavelet transform is a kind of new method which has been widely used in signal-de-noising because of its good frequency effect. However, suitable wavelet bases should be used to guarantee better effect. In this paper, we compared three groups of wavelet basis: db/coif/sym in hunt for the most relative suitable wavelet basis for insulator leakage current signal. Experiment results prove the conclusion later.
An Experimental Study of Simplified Model for Air-Core Reactors
Authors: Xu Gan , Zou Liang , Zhang Li , Zhao Tong , Li Qing Quan
Published: June 2014

With the development of electric power system, Power-frequency Magnetic Field (MF) has become a matter of concern recently. In order to speed up the computation and modeling process, the small-scale experimental technique and simplified model for air-core reactors are introduced as a novel way to assess the MF of air-core reactors in this paper. Firstly, the scaling rules of the parameters for air-core reactors are summarized. Then, the scaling rules modification is put forward to reduce the error. Thirdly, three simplified models were established for air-core reactors, including one loop model, two loops model and three loops model. It is concluded after that the two loops model in configuration 2 can be considered as the optimal simplified model.
Analytic Theory and PIC Simulation of Electron Beam Generation under High Voltage
Authors: Zhang Hai , Zhang Wei Guo , Shao Yang Zhou , Wang Jian Guo
Published: June 2014

The theoretical analysis and numerical simulation of electron beam generation in foil-less diode are presented. The theories of OAL, CL, and equilibrium beam model are briefly compared. All the theoretical models can give a relatively accurate solution of electron gun, and the equilibrium beam model is more appreciated. A PIC simulation tool UNIPIC is introduced and is used to analyze the behaviors of a foil-less diode. Under the conditions of 180 kV incident voltage wave and 2.5 T axial magnetic fields, we obtained the 250 kV, 1.5 kA output beam current which can be used in high power microwave generators.
Development of a Portable XLPE Cable Insulation Detection Device
Authors: Xi Xiao Guang , Man Yu Yan , Zhang Chi , Wu Ming Lei , Dong Yan Wei , Zhao Sun , Chen Xiao Xin
Published: June 2014

In this article, a portable XLPE cable insulation detection device is introduced. Such a device utilizes electromagnetic coupling, UHF electromagnetic wave and acoustic emission to detect partial discharge signals in power cables. By analyzing the partial discharge signals and cable temperatures, the insulation status of XLPE power cables is judged.
Based on EEMD and Multiclass Relevance Vector for High Voltage Circuit Breaker Mechanical Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Chen Shang , Niu Wei Hua , Li Bao Shu , Yu Jie
Published: June 2014

Mechanical failure of high voltage circuit breaker accounted for the largest percentage of, it is necessary to diagnosis the mechanical fault .The acoustic signal of high voltage circuit breaker contains a large number of mechanical state information, can put the acoustic signal characteristics as a basis for high voltage circuit breaker fault diagnosis. M - RVM expanding traditional RVM to multiple categories, very suitable for fault diagnosis of high voltage circuit breaker.In this paper, the M-RVM combined with EEMD method for high voltage circuit breaker mechanical fault diagnosis, the experimental results show that the method has a good diagnosis effect.
The Role of Improved K-Means Clustering Algorithm in the Motion Parameters Determination of Breaker's Moving Contact
Authors: Xu Yu Tao , Zhao Shu Tao , Jiang Dan , Ren Jian Feng
Published: June 2014

High voltage circuit breaker's motion parameters of the moving contact is one of the key performance indicators in the evaluated of breaker. By means of extracting color features of LW10B-252 circuit breaker by image segmentation, then determining its center point of the minimum circumscribed rectangle, getting the movement distance of center point and the use of time in adjacent images, realization motion parameter's measurement of the moving contact. This paper presents a algorithm based on improved k-means clustering algorithm to extract the color characteristics of the mechanical linkage of breaker, at the same time contrast with classical OTSU method and RGB color segmentation method. Experimental results show that the k-means clustering algorithm have a better segmentation result.
High Voltage Power Supply Designed for Electronic Beam Welder Based on LC Series Resonance
Authors: Wang Ze Ting , Zhang Hong Yin , Fan Sheng Wen
Published: June 2014

A 60kV/6kW high voltage power supply for electronic beam welder (EBW) based on LC series resonance is designed. It adopts pulse frequency modulation (PFM) way to adjust the output voltage, and it has over-current and over-voltage protection. The test proves that high voltage power supply has reached zero current switching (ZCS) on and ZCS off, and satisfied the actual requirements of welding technology.
A Novel Genetic Algorithm Based on all Spanning Trees of Undirected Graph for Distribution Network Reconfiguration
Authors: Zhang Jian , Yuan Xiao Dong
Published: June 2014

Network reconfiguration is of theoretical and practical significance to guarantee safe and economical operation of distribution system. In this paper, based on all spanning trees of undirected graph, a novel genetic algorithm for electric distribution network reconfiguration is proposed. Above all, all spanning trees of simplified graph of distribution network are found. Tie branches are obtained with spanning tree subtracted from simplified graph. There is one and only one switch open on each tie branch. Decimal identity number of open switch on each tie branch is taken as the optimization variable. Therefore, length of chromosome is very short. Each spanning tree corresponds to one subpopulation. Gene operations of each subpopulation are implemented with parallel computing method. Individuals of offspring after gene operation automatically meet with radial and connected constraints for distribution network operation. Disadvantages of conventional genetic algorithm for network reconfiguration that a large amount of unfeasible solutions are created after crossover and mutation, which result in very low searching efficiency, are completely overcome. High calculation speed and superior capability of the proposed method are validated by two test cases.
Design of a Wide-Area Damping Controller Based on Fuzzy Control
Authors: Sun Lin , Cai Wei , Li Tian Ran , Wu Hua Ren
Published: June 2014

A method is proposed to design a wide-area damping controller (WADC) based on fuzzy control to dampen the low-frequency oscillations of interconnected power systems. First, the inputs and expected outputs of a fuzzy logic controller are analyzed. Then, a universe of fuzzy sets, membership functions and fuzzy rules are determined based on the relationship between inputs and outputs, and the fuzzy logic controller is constituted. The WADC consists of a fuzzy logic controller and a gain. The gain is obtained using particle swarm optimization. A four-machine two-area power system is simulated using the Matlab/Simulink software to test the performance of the fuzzy-based WADC. The simulation results indicate that the designed controller can compensate for communication delay and improve interconnected power system damping.
Experimental Investigation of Static Load Characteristics
Authors: Tavlintsev Alexander , Pazderin Andrey , Suvorov Anton , Chusovitin Pavel V. , Malozemova Olga
Published: June 2014

It is common practice to use 2nd order polynomial load model for steady-state power flow calculation. The paper describes the experiment for obtaining static load characteristics and the technique for identifying coefficients of the load model based on remote metering system data.
Techniques of Preventing Subgrade from Salinization for Qarham to Golmud Expressway
Authors: Liu Jun Yong , Zhang Liu Jun
Published: June 2014

Qarham to Golmud expressway is the first high-grade road in Qarham salt lake, which is regarded as the most enormous inland salt lake in China, moreover, it is the first expressway built on the inland salt lake in China. There is high and excessive saline soil distributed over this area whose thickness is no less than 20m, but the average subgrade height of the expressway is only 2m. A great many of measures are taken for the construction of the subgrade to prevent salt migrating from foundation to roadbed and pavement, which will cause disasters of secondary salinization in roadbed and pavement. By paving testing road at the site and detecting the efficiency of the measures in preventing salt, the paper put forward the technique of preventing subgrade from salinization for Qarham to Golmud expressway. The results of testing and detecting demonstrate that the height of salt migration is only 45cm in subgrade under the condition of brine supply, which is less than the height of subgrade. So it is efficient to keep the roadbed and pavement from the erosion of salt; The settlement of road surface was about 0~2mm among 3 months since the highways had been opened to traffic for two years, and uneven settlement and other diseases caused by the secondary salinization were not appeared, which showed that the measures of salinization prevention (salt resistance) were taken well to achieve the design purposes.
Research on Setting Adjustment of Line Protection
Authors: Gu Yu Feng , Ren Jian Wen
Published: June 2014

In order to avoid incorrect setting from being a hidden fault source which threats the stable operation of power system, setting adjustment algorithm of line protection is proposed. Through setting detection and setting rectification the algorithm amends incorrect setting and reduces the number of mismatch protection to the greatest extent. A method of calculating high step coverage of interphase current protection based on node impedance matrix is also proposed in this paper. The example shows the proposed algorithm is practical.
Ants Body Techniques to Identify Small Faults in Gaotaizi Oilfield
Authors: Zhou Hong , Chu Chun Bo
Published: June 2014

This paper describes the principles and technical methods of the ants body technology used in Gaotaizi Oilfield. By analyzing the actual results can be seen, the ants body technology is a more efficient way of identifying fault interpretation, and can improve the interpretation accuracy, and also has certain instructional significance to the distribution of oil and gas reservoirs.
Research of Mining Method for Difficult-to-Mine Ore Bodies in Deep Mine
Authors: Ge Qi Fa , Sun Xue Sen , Zhu Wei Gen , Chen Qing Gang
Published: June 2014

There are many problems such as depth, high in-situ stress, high ground temperature and rockburst proneness etc. in deep mining. And it is an acknowledged and urgent mining technical puzzle about mining method of gently inclined and medium-thick ore bodies. For such an ore body in West wing of Dongguashan copper mine, if we use traditional mining method, it is hard to conquer such difficulties as high in-situ stress, large open area in roof, removal of mined ore by gravity etc. The theory of “large panel and lower sublevel height” will be easy to solve such problems. This paper use numerical technology to analyze and compare the technical and economical effectiveness for different selected mining method and its structure. The sublevel (at a height of 12 m) open stoping with back-filling by extraction in two steps is quite suitable for ensuring safety, increasing efficiency, productivity and reclaiming resource. The selected method is feasible and well worth spread.
The Applied Analysis of Static Pressure Prestressed Pipe Pile in Cohesive Soil
Authors: Yin Ya Jun , Liu Xiao Long , Qian Yong Mei
Published: June 2014

The article analysis and summary how to control the final pressure value of site operation by taking project in Changchun as an example when the cohesive soil layer use static prestressed concrete pipe pile foundation, putting forward the methods and suggestions of controlling final pressure value.
Research and Application of Mine Roadway Deformation Monitoring by Ultrasonic Technology
Authors: Li Sheng , Jin Xin Lin , Luo Ming Kun , Fan Chao Jun
Published: June 2014

Coal mine roadway deformation have a significant impact on coal mine production. Based on the Arduino microcontroller system and ultrasonic distance sensor, through temperature compensation and system fixes, designed a roadway deformation monitoring system which is high accuracy, low price and simple operation. Monitoring results through the LCD display, and SD card for data storage, the system achieved real-time monitoring of roadway deformation. The system was actually tested in coal mine, and achieved good monitoring results.
Study of Coal and Rock Floor Failure Characteristics of Upper Protective Layer Mining
Authors: Zheng Ji Yu
Published: June 2014

For less study on coal rock floor fracture distribution of upper protective layer mining process, by numerical simulation and similarity simulation combined to get failure characteristics of distribution on the floor with the protective layer mining ,divided into deformation-failure zone and plastic deformation zone of seam floor, with the same time divided each zone height of "upper three zone". Regional outburst prevention measures as the most effective, a mine protective layer mining practice, investigated the protective effect of the protective layer on the protected layer after mining coal seam gas pressure, gas content, permeability coefficient changes, Because of the protective layer at the plastic deformation zone of seam floor, the gas release have a good effect .By numerical simulation and similarity simulation test combined, get protective layer mining floor failure distribution. Keywords: upper protevtive layer;Similar simulation;numerical simulation; failure characteristics ;protection effect.
Comprehensive Evaluation System and Elements for Hydrocarbon Traps
Authors: Chen Guo Min , Liu Quan Wen
Published: June 2014

The hydrocarbon trap evaluation is theoretical guidance for the practical exploration of hydrocarbon traps, the present complicated exploration targets requires the conclusion of hydrocarbon trap evaluation more scientific and reliable so as to adapt to the requirement of high frequency, high precision trap exploration. With the guidance of system theory and modern scientific evaluation theory, modern hydrocarbon traps evaluation has already become a system engineering, which obviously characterized by the comprehensive evaluation, quantitative evaluation and comprehensive decision. In this paper the comprehensive evaluation system for hydrocarbon traps has been established, it indicated that the comprehensive evaluation tends to be a whole procedure which involves such aspects including evaluation contents, data, methods, techniques, and evaluation process specifically, so its main components includes: evaluation object characteristics, theoretical guidance, evaluation contents, methods, techniques, and database establishment. Furthermore, it emphasize closely on the analysis of the exploration objects, focus on the comprehensive geological research, supported by scientific exploration and thinking and computer technology, considered evaluation method and technology research as the key contents, and finally enable to provide reference for the modern hydrocarbon trap exploration when it appear to become increasingly complicated and subtle.
Methodology of Risk Analysis of Endogenous Fire in Coal Mines
Authors: Šofranko Marian
Published: June 2014

In coal mines one of the most serious safety problems are endogenous fires. Given the specific mining conditions a number of self-heating and spontaneous combustion occurs in coal mining. These activities have a negative effect on the organization of mining operations and require a variety of interventions for their disposal and are a considerable economic burden. At the same time in case of suitable conditions threaten of their transition in the explosion exists. For the application of appropriate measures it is necessary to know the size of the risk of endogenous fires in the coal mine. The paper therefore describes a methodology for risk analysis of endogenous fire in a coal mine, taking into account all relevant factors of production.
Numerical Simulation and Study of the Effect between "Three-Zone" Distribution in Goaf and Air Volume in Working Face
Authors: Zhao Yan , Li Yan Chuan
Published: June 2014

We conducted a numerical simulation of oxygen concentration in goaf using Comsol4.3b when the air volume in working face ranges from 500 m3/min to 900m3/min. The result show that with the air volume increasing the oxygen concentration boundary of 18% move to deep goaf in a small scale, while the boundary of 8% move to deep goaf in a large scale and show an exponential relationship, in other words air volume change greatly affect the 8% boundary. The boundary of maximum air leakage and air leakage 0.004% all display an exponential relationship with air volume. But the movement scale of air leakage boundary 0.004% is small. The width of oxidation zone increases obviously with air volume increasing and the relations formula is Lmax= 100.4ln (Q)-25.55ln (Q)-410.4. Draw a conclusion that in ventilation management air volume should be reduced appropriately in order to reduce the width of oxidation zone and slow the speed of moving to deep goaf, thus control spontaneous combustion in goaf.
Experimental Research on Ion Exchange Technique to Extract Inositol from Defatted Rice Bran
Authors: Zhao Li Chun , Liu Ting , Liu Di
Published: June 2014

In order to solve the problem of the long production cycle and low yield of traditional inositol production process, we made several researches based on the traditional process. We experimented on the following methods to obtain a high yield qualified products: microwave-assisted phytin extraction, ion-exchange resin phytic acid absorption, elution of weak alkaline into phytate, atmospheric pressure enzymatic hydrolysis of phytate, ion exchange resin filtration, bleaching, further concentration, crystallization and refinement of hydrolysate.
Protective Role of Polysaccharides from Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino Supplementation against Exhaustive Swimming Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress in Liver and Skeletal Muscle of Mice
Authors: Huang Hui , Qi Bo
Published: June 2014

The objective of this study was to investigate the protective role of polysaccharide fromGynostemma pentaphyllumMakino (PGP) supplementation against exhaustive swimming exercise-induced oxidative stress. A total of 48 mice were randomly divided into four groups: control, low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose PGP supplementation groups. The control group received distilled water and the supplementation groups received different doses of PGP (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) by gavage once a day for 28 consecutive days. After 28 days, the mice performed an exhaustive swimming exercise, and some biochemical parameters related to oxidative stress, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA), were measured. The results showed that PGP supplementation could increase SOD, GPx and CAT contents, as well as decrease MDA contents in the liver and skeletal muscle of mice, which suggests that PGP supplementation has a protective role against exhaustive swimming exercise-induced oxidative stress.
Determination of Flavonoids, Phenolic Acids and Alkaloids in Different Varieties of Mulberry Leaves
Authors: Zhang Xin Min , Ma Ting Jun , Sun Ying , Bi Qing Ling , Zhang Jian Qiu
Published: June 2014

In order to study the impact of cultivar, harvesting time, growth part and fixation on the bioactive compounds contents in mulberry leaves, four cultivars of mulberry leaves were analyzed for their total flavonoids content, total phenolic acids content, and alkaloids content. The results indicated that cultivar, harvesting time, growth part and fixation markedly affected the bioactive compounds content in mulberry leaves. XianghaiNo.1 contents the highest phenolic and alkaloids among the four cultivars, about4.25% and 10.33%. Contents of the bioactive compounds reduced as the part of leaves rises up. The highest content of the parts is the tip of leaves, about 4.25%, 10.33%, 8.49%.With the pushing of harvest time, the contents of the bioactive compounds showed a decreasing trend after the first increase, harvested in mid-August reached the highest, about 7.09%, 10.33%, 8.65%. Mulberry leaves had no fixation contains higher bioactive compounds, about 2.89%, 8.64%, and 4.81%. On the basis of these data, XianghaiNo.1 is suggested to be the best cultivar; tips of mulberry leaves containing more biological active substances; and the best harvest period is mid-August; also, in order to ensure the content of bioactive substances in mulberry leaves, the fixing technology need to be improved.
Influence of Chelation Rate on the Oligochitosan Preparation by Enzymolysis of CTS-Cu (II)
Authors: Wu Hong Wei , Xie Wan Cui , Yang Xi Hong , Lai Fu Rao , Wu Hui , Cheng Dong Wei
Published: June 2014

To prepare a homogenous low-molecular-weight chitosan oligosaccharide with high solubility and physiological activity, the CTS-Cu (II) chelate was degraded by cellulose, xylanase, semi-cellulase, pectinase, lipase. Cellulose was used to investigate the enzymolysis of the CTS-Cu (II) chelates at various chelation rates. The oligochitosan yields were determined by ultrafiltration and spectrophotometry. The molecular weight distributions of the degradation products were compared by gel column chromatography. Results showed that the generation of the CTS-Cu (II) chelate promoted chitosan degradation. Product yield can be changed by controlling the chelation rates of the CTS-Cu (II) chelates. When the CTS-Cu (II) chelate was degraded at a chelation rate of 100%, most molecular weights of the products were about 2500 Da, and the oligochitosan yield was 89.21%. All these results provided a theoretical basis and experimental method for preparing oligochitosan with a homogenous molecular weight.
The Efficiency Analysis on Material Metabolism in Liaoning Province
Authors: Li Fei
Published: June 2014

From the view of material metabolism efficiency, resource productivity in Liaoning Province has been improved strikingly as well as the material metabolism efficiency and the material excretion efficiency. From 2006, the material consumption per GDP and the reducing speed of garbage output quantity are slowing down while the material metabolism efficiency is stepping into a gradually-improving period. The environmental impact model IPAT created by Professor Ehrlich has been used for calculating the changes of environmental impact these years. The result shows that environmental impact in Liaoning Province tends to raise gradually, so the task of lowering resources and environment pressure in the future is quite urgent and it is necessary to seek for a reasonable material resource configuration.
The Effects of Climate Warming on Mainly Plant Phenological Phase of North Qinling Mountains - In Xi 'an as an Example
Authors: Ma Xin Ping , Bai Hong Ying , He Ying Na
Published: June 2014

To reveal the influence of the temperature changes on plant phenology,The phenological data and temperature log data nearly 50 years in Xi 'an station was used to research the relationship between the temperature and phenological responses, which combined with mathematical statistics methods such as Julian day、correlation coefficient , the results showed: (1) 1962-2009, The temperature of beginning phenological period、phenological late and growth period are on the rise, of which the temperature of beginning phase increased most obviously; (2) The M - K mutation test the mutation in Xi ‘an annual average temperature of the year is 1995, the beginning and end of phenological mutation and the growth period is: 1998, 1997 and 2003; (3) Xi 'an plant phenology beginning period in advance, growth period prolonged, the end period delayed, there is an upward trend in temperatures in different historical periods; (4) The temperature mutations showed the trend of ahead, the beginning phenological period before and after the end of phenological showed a trend of later, after the end of the degree to which were greater than the extent of the beginning period in advance, and after the mutation of phenological change trend mutations were greater than before, that means the temperature rising added plant phenological period of delay, and extend the ahead of time.
The Allocation Principle of Greenhouse Gas Reduction Responsibilities and International Coalition Patten in the Following 40 Years
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Liu Ji Xian , Fang Zhang
Published: June 2014

The allocation principle of greenhouse gas emission reduction responsibilities decides the effective of abatement program, but it is the most controversial problem in climate negotiation. Three common principles are compared in this paper, with the conclusion that allocation according to per capita and allocation according to grandfathering will not be accepted by the whole world, although common but differentiated responsibilities between developed and developing countries can not form a grand abatement coalition, it can effectively control the rise of temperature, and the impact to each countries’ economy is the smallest among the three principle.
Construction of the Decision Method Based on Energy Saving and Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Authors: Dong Hui Qin , Lin Hong , Huang Chao , Sun Ji
Published: June 2014

This paper intends to improve the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method in view of the traditional TOPSIS method and combines with the current development of Chinese enterprises. By determining the index weights and attributes, it also constructs a new enterprise decision-making method which based on energy saving and greenhouse gas emissions. According to the survey's raw data, this paper not only calculates the energy levels of conventional coal-fired power plant in North China and an integrated gasification gas-steam combined cycle (IGCC) power plant, but also computes their carbon dioxide emissions. The results show that under the same circumstances, the energy consumption of IGCC power plant is lower than that of the conventional coal-fired power plants, has less carbon dioxide emissions, lower carbon intensity and higher carbon productivity. On the basis, using the improved TOPSIS method, the paper calculates the numerical superiority of two schemes and sorts of them, verified the correctness of this construction method.
The Construction of Support System of China’s Government Green Procurement
Authors: Li Li Wen , Yu Chong
Published: June 2014

The government purchasing system started late in China. Based on the investigation of the present situation and connotation of China’s government green purchasing system, the paper analyzed the existing problems, which reflect that the performance standards of the government green purchasing values micro economic benefits, the unsound of the price system, the imperfect of the relevant laws and regulations, etc .
Carbon Footprint Accounting Practices in Taiwan
Authors: Lee Yung Jaan , Lin Shih Chien
Published: June 2014

By using carbon dioxide emissions in Taiwan, this study attempts to account for total carbon dioxide emissions and per capita emissions at city and county level, based on the household consumption structure in each region. Carbon dioxide emissions are translated into carbon footprint by using the ecological footprint (EF) method, followed by calculation of total and per capita carbon footprint for each city and county. Analysis results indicate that Taiwan's total carbon dioxide emissions in 2011 were 264.66 million tons, of which New Taipei City, Taipei City and Kaohsiung City were the highest. However, according to the EF framework, the per capita carbon footprint for Taiwan was 5.94 global hectares (gha) in 2011. The highest three counties and cities were Taipei City, Hsinchu City and Hsinchu County. Future research should incorporate the use of direct measures of carbon dioxide emissions in counties and cities, which would produce a more realistic outcome. Moreover, the feasibility of using the EF method to translate carbon dioxide emissions into carbon footprint should also be examined.
The Relationship between Pro-Environmental Behavior and its Antecedents under the Background of Low-Carbon Society
Authors: Liu Xian Wei , Ma Xing , Ma Yong Hong
Published: June 2014

Methods of questionnaires were employed to investigate 1034 university students in Beijing and Inner Mongolia. The relationship among environmental concern, low-carbon pro-environmental behaviors and Environmental locus of control and the moderator effect of Environmental locus of control were examined. The results indicated that, the level of female students environmental concern was significantly higher than that of male students. Mongolian students showed higher level of environmental concern and environmental locus of control than Han and other minority nationality students. A hierarchy regression analysis found environmental locus of control was a moderator between environmental concern and two types of pro-environmental behaviors.
Analysis of Carbon Emissions and Countermeasure Research in Guangzhou
Authors: Yu Chen , Ge Jian Ping , Li Li
Published: June 2014

This paper uses data Decade 2003-2012 "Guangzhou Statistical Yearbook", by analyzing the total energy consumption in Guangzhou City, the total GDP, the total population using IPCC methods for estimating carbon emissions, and calculate the carbon intensity , the growth rate of carbon emissions, carbon emissions residents living consumption, the proportion of the three industries have carbon emissions currently come to Guangzhou, but the total decline in the growth rate of carbon emissions still high, industry is the main source of carbon emissions too, Guangzhou, residents living consumption of carbon emissions is growing rapidly concluded, and on this basis put forward the corresponding policy recommendations to improve energy efficiency, speed up industrial restructuring, promote resident green carbon consumption.
Life Cycle Assessment for Coal Derived Methanol Transportation Pathway
Authors: Wang Xiu Fen , Shen Yi , Qu Chun Hui , Zeng Ji Lai , Tian Tian , Gao Dan
Published: June 2014

According situation of the existing coal to methanol industry, we used life cycle assessment method, established a coal to methanol model for transportation pathway. Comprehensive assessment of its energy efficiency, CO2 emissions and economic costs performance. In terms of energy efficiency, coal-to-methanol for transportation pathway is 9.51%, and terminal power consumption accounts for 31% of the entire model. In terms of CO2 emissions, the CO2 emissions is 892.27g/MJ of whole model. In methanol production processes, it emissions a lot of CO2 and loses a lot of energy. In terms of economic cost, the methanol produced by coal-to-methanol technology is able to make a profit.
Study of Firemen Respirator Fixed Inflatable Device Rapid Inflation Methods Optimization
Authors: Liu Bo Yun , Ren Guang Lu , Liu Yan Hong
Published: June 2014

The use of air pressure pump for local pressurization in pressure air system is an important application of energy saving technology of pneumatic. The firemen respirator fixed inflatable this basic principle device utilization system design. Due to the different inflation affects firefighters respirator fixed inflatable device energy consumption and filling speed, in this paper, the energy consumption by comparing different charging mode , and the charging mode is optimized to achieve rapid fire breathing bottle inflated and improve firefighter respirator fixed inflatable device efficiency.
Research on Evaluation of Energy Saving and Loss Decreasing Based on Rank Correlation Analysis in Power Distribution Networks
Authors: Li Shu Xin , Liu Wen Ying , Zhang Yu Ze , Wang Wei Zhou , Liu Fu Chao
Published: June 2014

In this paper, a series of scientifically rational index system is set up to evaluate the effect of energy saving and loss decreasing in power distribution networks. The establishment of the index system is based on a variety of new technical measures. According to the feature of wide range and weak consistency, an evaluation in power distribution networks based on rank correlation analysis is proposed. In such a way, the procedure is clear, simple and highly exercisable. With the application of evaluation process described in this paper, present situation in power distribution networks in a region is evaluated, which justifies the validity of the method.
Research on Water-Saving Cleaning Technology and it’s Application for Wheat Based on Grading Washing Technology
Authors: Zheng De Xing , Zhou Hai
Published: June 2014

Wheat washing can remove stone, dampen and clean. It works by the water solubility and flushing action to purify surface of wheat. For water consumption and pollution of traditional wheat washing machines have become increasingly prominent, the water-saving cleaning technology based on grading washing was studied. In this paper, principle on grading washing is first shown. In order to make full use of grading washing effect, a realization solution based on grading washing technology is designed. For verifying the effect on grading washing, comparative experiments were done. After wheat is sent into washing machines, primary-washing, secondary-washing and final-washing are completed. Compared with traditional wheat wet washing technology, the measurement value about cleaning effect is not reduced. With the water-cycling system, effective reuse for water is achieved. water-saving is about 2/3. The pollution to environment is reduced fundamentally, and the production cost of enterprises is significantly reduced.
Public Participation in Environmental Protection: Ideals, Challenges
and Solutions
Authors: Hu Xue Hai , Tang Lin
Published: June 2014

Since the environment is a kind of public property, environmental protection requires public participation. In order to realize the ideals of public participation in environmental protection, we need to enhance the democratization of national administrative agencies, guarantee the civil environmental rights, balance the environmental interests of different groups in light of environmental justice, promote public environmental awareness and cultivate the self-governing spirit in environmental protection. As there are definitely many problems in the public participation of environmental protection, we need to strengthen education in environmental protection, promote public participation in environmental protection and provide support to the civil environmental organizations so as to realize public participation in environmental protection.
Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods for Enterprise Energy Planning under the Constraint of Carbon Emissions
Authors: Zhang Jian , Lu Kai , Liu Gang
Published: June 2014

Under the constraint of carbon emissions, the selection of enterprise energy planning solutions mostly put the minimizing economic costs as a single target. Investigation and analysis are combined energy planning evaluation system with the characteristics of the enterprises. Based on the criteria of economic factors, environmental factors, and technological factors, this paper proposes an enterprise energy planning strategy selection index system. AHP and PROMETHEE are respectively used to calculate the weight of the index and to prioritize the alternatives. Finally, a certain enterprise energy planning as an example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the method, and provide some reference and guidance for the selection of enterprise energy planning solutions.
Economic Consequences of Carbon Tax and Carbon Emission Trading Scheme in Intensive Carbon Emission Enterprises
Authors: Zhang Qiao Liang , Cao Jing Wen , Zhong Sheng
Published: June 2014

Abstract. The paper constructed cost function, carbon emission function, calculated cost-reduction sensitivity coefficient, set four policy scenarios as different combination of carbon tax, carbon emission trading scheme and subsidy with six policy levels, and selected 30 listed companies from intensive carbon emission industry as research samples. The results show that carbon emission trading scheme has better economic consequences, and the combination of carbon emission trading scheme with subsidy is the best carbon emission reduction policy.
Research on the Index System Construction of Low Carbon City for Jinan
Authors: Xu Zhe , Xu Tian Xiang
Published: June 2014

In the context of the development of a global low carbon, low carbon city construction has caused many of the city's attention. The planning of strive to build low-carbon cities continue to be appeared in various cities. This paper analyzes index systems on low-carbon urban construction of different scholars, integrates their advantages, and builds the low-carbon index system suited for Jinan. Based on Jinan’s time series data analysis, this paper make clear the development trend and current situation of Jinan low carbon city at present stage. The results show that, from 2005 - 2012, the composite score on low-carbon urban construction of Jinan continues to improve. Low carbon city construction has great development; each system layer has obvious progress, and coordination also is good. Establishment of the index system of can provide a good basis and theoretical support on low-carbon urban construction.
Chinese Natural Gas Consumption Forecast and Shale Gas Development Based on Grey Model
Authors: Yuan Jie , Yuan Ru Hua
Published: June 2014

Natural gas as a main clean energy has received national attention,especially under the influence of "shale gas revolution" in the U.S. China has a large shale gas reserves,so Chinese shale gas development has also been widespread concerned.This paper uses GM(1,1) to predict Chinese natural gas consumption in the next few years.The results show that natural gas consumption will continue to rise,and increase rapidly.Under the influence of the current international Low-carbon energy transformation,this paper based on the consumption forecast,and combined with the development of shale gas in current China and the experience of shale gas development in the United States.Put forward some suggestions on such as shale gas exploration, the core technology, infrastructure, laws,regulations and policies,to improve the ratio of natural gas in primary energy consumption structure.
Analysis of Residual Autocorrelation in Forecasting Energy Consumption through a Java Program
Authors: de Oliveira Silva Renan , da Silva Christo Eliane , Alonso Costa Kelly
Published: June 2014

The study of forecasting of energy in Brazil is important for future planning, as the country has experienced crises of energy supply. And a model developed in java is an affordable and efficient tool to be used both in Brazil and in other countries. Time series analysis is highly important in many different application areas, for it allows description and modeling of a variable of interest’s behavior, thus enabling the forecasting of its future values, which serves as support for decision making. When the data used in regression analysis comprises time series, the dependency between the observations grants a dynamic quality to the regression model. In this situation, it is common to come across a problem known as residual autocorrelation, which invalidates the assumptions made about the term of error in the classical linear regression models. This paper presents a program created in Java by implementing the method of Cochrane-Orcutt for the correction of residual autocorrelation. And the application is made in the Brazilian energy final consumption forecasting.
Assessing the Influence of Shale Gas Boom on China’s Power Sector and Environmental Policy by Modeling
Authors: Hui Jing Xuan , Cai Wen Jia , Wang Can
Published: June 2014

As the U.S shale gas revolution evolved, there was a growing expectation that this can be replicated in China. Power sector, as the biggest contributor to China’s primary energy consumption and CO2emission, is faced with tremendous pressure and challenge. Shale gas resource will be a big opportunity for power sector to alleviate energy shortage and emission problem. This study is trying to figure out to what extent will future large gas supplies improve China’s energy structure and under which policy will the change be more efficient and cost-effective. Regarding the task, two scenarios are set up here: Base Case, Coal price rising and carbon emission control scenario. Based on the comparison of these scenarios, detailed conclusions for policy decision are drawn up.
Research on the Energy Consumption Efficiency of some Counties Based on DEA Method
Authors: Ma Zhan Xin , Cao Li , Na Ri Su
Published: June 2014

With the increasing process of Chinese urbanization and the rapid development of county economy, the demand to energy becomes more and more. In this case, the resources and energy in the country must be made the best use for a long time in the future, so as to realize the overall targets of the development of China. The energy resources have played a very significant role in urbanization of China. Thus, it is an important task to increase the efficiency of energy consumption in counties. So we provide a non-parametric method for analyzing the energy efficiency of county based on DEA theory. Then we analyze the energy efficiency of nine counties in Chifeng City from 2008 to 2012 by using above method.
Research on the Impact of Resource Tax Reform upon the Development in West China
Authors: Bai En Lai
Published: June 2014

The economy has been continuously growing along with constant changes and innovations in the resource tax system. Through the background and implication of resource tax reform as well as the mechanism of how such reform affects West China, we can find out the impact of such reform upon sustainable economic growth, the ecological environment and all sectors in West China. In order to further optimizing and upgrading the industrial structure in West China, in my opinion, we should take the following five countermeasures: 1) The scope of taxation is to be enlarged; 2) The tax rate is to be increased step by step; 3) The resource taxation mechanisms are to be integrated and simplified; 4) Preferential taxation polices are to be improved in West China; 5) Auxiliary reforms are to be carried out for the resource taxation.
Study on Web-Based Information Technology Model of Nuclear Power Emergency Management
Authors: Liu Li Wei , Zhao Er Dong , An Ning
Published: June 2014

Being a complex industry, the importance of safety of nuclear power industry has been emphasized and the security in its development process has become an issue of concern and controversy. Once there has any serious safety accidents in nuclear power industry, the consequences will be difficult to restore. Therefore, the emergency management of nuclear power has an important significance. Based on the review of application of information technology in nuclear power emergency management in the world, this paper initially puts forward a comprehensive Web-based information management model for nuclear emergency according to the classic four phases of emergency management which are prevention and emergency preparedness, monitoring and early warning, emergency response and rescue, post-recovery and reconstruction.
Ups and Downs and Nirvana: Three Decades of China's Nuclear Power
Authors: Kong Jing Yi
Published: June 2014

China’s development on nuclear power can be categorized into four stages, namely, difficult starting stage, stable developing stage, positive developing stage and rational developing stage. Presenting the three decades of ups and downs associated with China’s pursuit for such new energy as nuclear power, and further introduces the state of play and major characteristics of each period.
Cointegration Analysis on the Concentration Degree and Energy Efficiency of China’s Coal Industry
Authors: Zhang Li Yan , An Wei Dong
Published: June 2014

Coal occupies a relatively large part of China’s energy consumption and therefore efficiency of coal utilization is essential to the overall energy efficiency of the nation. By cointegration analysis on the concentration degree and energy efficiency of China’s Coal Industry from 1993 to 2011,the thesis finds that the two are positively correlated in the long run. Efforts should be made to further advance industrial concentration in coal sector, put an end to the situation marked by small companies in disorder, give full play to scale economy and promote the energy efficiency.
The Broad Concept and Resource Calculation Method of Coalbed Methane
Authors: Hou Wei , Zhang Fang
Published: June 2014

It has become the focus of debate about Coalbed Methane (CBM) concept whether the surrounding rock is reservoir. The gas content of surrounding rock is considerable, and it may become valuable exploration targets. In lateral, the gas content of surrounding rock is negatively related with coal bed. In vertical, the closer distance between coal seam and surrounding rock is, the higher gas content is. The broad CBM is defined as the gas that mainly originates from coal, mainly exists in the coal seam, and also widely exists in the surrounding rock. The method of volume and capacity are used to resource calculation.
Study on Heat and Power Technology of Heavy Oilfield
Authors: Wu Chuan Yan
Published: June 2014

Mainly introduced the Midway – Sunset and Cymrci heavy oilfield heat and power technological processes and the environmental protection and economic benefit from it. The advice of application of heat and power technology was given according to our Oil field characteristics and different conditions.
The Research of Oil Production Plant of Reservoir Operation and Management Improvement
Authors: Wang Ai Ling , Wang Jiao
Published: June 2014

As the subject of oil and gas production, reservoir management is the oil production plant’s core business. But at present, there are some problems in reservoir management. For example: the development and management unit is not clear; the organizational structure is not streamlining; management mechanism is not perfect; evaluation is not systematic and so on. So, the oil production plant should focus on those four aspects to explore reservoir management---“unified the ground and underground, clear the input-output” “flattened the management layers, specialized functions structure” “market-oriented economy development, optimize the production process” “long-efficiency business goal , comprehensive evaluation of analysis”
Energy Statement Analysis of the Representative Green Energy County in Northern China
Authors: Yu Chao , Xu Jian , Zhu Yang Li , Qin Wei , Li Zhen Zhong , Chen Hai Sheng , Tan Chun Qing
Published: June 2014

The socioeconomic status, resources and the actual energy resource demand-supply would be analyzed based on the data of five representative Green Energy County, such as Huanan County, Nong’an County, Gongzhuling County, Changtu County and Hangjinqi County. Then the common features for the counry energy consumption in the process of urbanization were summarized. The common challenges for county energy development were also pointed out in this paper. Several suggestions aimed at the Energy Project Planning for north regime in China were proposed at the end.