bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantitative risks and logistic processes in housing and communal services
Authors: Borkovskaya Victoria , Degaev Evgeniy , Rimshin Vladimir , Shubin Igor
Published: May 2020

Improving the quality of housing and communal services for the population is impossible without taking into account the risks, improving the management system and servicing the housing stock. Effective management in the housing stock is possible by using a logistics approach, creating professional competition, creating a real system of economic motivation for managing organizations to reduce quantitative risks and improve the quality of services provided.
Universal methods for resolving intra-organizational conflicts
Authors: Suldina Galina , Sulyagina Julia , Ulitskaya Natalia , Eroshkin Sergey
Published: May 2020

The article argues for the analysis of the advantage of the measure for the implementation of the system of remuneration of employees within the framework of prevention of intra-organizational conflicts, which consists not only in the fact that the efforts of each employee will be directed simultaneously to achieve the goals of the enterprise and to meet their own needs, but also in the ability of employees to determine at what level (grade) it will work more effectively. In its turn, training for the management of the organization will contribute to the prevention of vertical conflicts and, accordingly, to the improvement of the efficiency of the entire organization.
Network concept of intelligent digital supply chain
Authors: Barykin Sergey , Yadykin Vladimir , Kosukhina Maria , Parfenov Alexander
Published: May 2020

All over the world, the innovation process is considered to be a separate process of interaction between the elements of the national innovation system, the result of which is the commercialization of a new product or technology. However, consideration of the innovation process in the digital intellectual supply chain network grid within the framework of the smart factory concept allows to put forward a hypothesis about the immanence nature of innovation in all parts of the supply chain network. The main purpose of the research is to study both the place and the role of the innovation process describing the concept of intelligent digital supply chain network grid. A new method of research is presented in the paper fundamental problems of innovations theory in the modern consideration of the theory of logistics and supply chain management. The authors developed a specific approach to considering the digital supply chain as an intelligent logistic network based on the researching the wide range of different compound connections instead of linear structure of traditional supply chain. It is proved that the research of influence of the new technological mode regarding the theoretical concept of implementation of digital and virtual technologies in the economy of the digital industry could be stemmed into the theoretical problem of determining the place and role of innovation in economic dynamics. From this point of view the model of network representation of an intelligent digital supply chain is substantiated. The results of the research involve the types of supply chains, the place and role of innovation process life cycle models in an intelligent digital supply chain. The conclusion is drawn that it is necessary to consider a continuous process from an innovative idea to product support. The necessity for further studies of the digital core of economic relations arising from the development of innovations in the network representation of a digital intellectual supply chain could be discussed.
Modeling business processes of complex organizational systems
Authors: Surkova Ekaterina , Klonitskaya Anna , Ermolaeva Elena
Published: May 2020

The complex systems of the construction and industrial complex in the study of their properties and the general laws of functioning by methods of mathematical modeling require a systematic approach. Modeling is a complex multi-stage process of researching systems aimed at identifying the properties and patterns inherent in the studied systems in order to improve these systems. This article discusses the mathematical model of a complex socio-economic system, taking into account the quality indicators presented to the processes of this system. The analysis and design of the innovation system in the framework of technical regulation of activities. The result is a fundamentally new model of technical regulation taking into account the time factor in axonometric form.
Rational maintenance and management of heating networks of the city
Authors: Vorobyeva Julia , Zhutaev Igor , Trukhin Yuri , Chaika Nadezhda
Published: May 2020

The solution of specific tasks of management and rational maintenance of energy systems of cities can be ensured by a constantly updated unified urban geographic information system. The article discusses the main possibilities of using geographic information systems to determine the reliability indicators of heat supply networks, increase their efficiency and manageability by the processes of their operation. The analysis of the technical condition of the heat network of the city of Voronezh, the statistics of accidents and repair work on sections of the pipeline. The main shortcomings of the existing reliability accounting system, which does not imply the process of managing repair and restoration work, are identified. The expediency of making operational decisions on the basis of up-to-date information on the condition of sections of the heating network in different areas of the city and different periods of installation and repair is proved. The necessity of creating a constantly updated, updated and updated database of all systems of the city of Voronezh using geographic information technologies is justified. The analysis of factors leading to the need for reconstruction of heat supply systems is carried out. It has been established that the most common reasons leading to the need for reconstruction of heat supply systems are: change in the number of connected consumers; change in flow, temperature or pressure in the heating network; mismatch of energy indicators of the system with modern requirements.
Management strategy for innovation and investment activities of an enterprise
Authors: Voytolovskiy Nikolay , Pogodina Vera , Ivanova Maria
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this paper is to develop a strategy for managing the innovation and investment activity of an industrial enterprise at various stages of its life cycle. Based on the analysis and assessment of the efficiency of the implementation of existing strategies, the relevant features of innovation and investment activities of enterprises have been identified. A methodological approach to assessing the meso- and macroeconomic effect of the implementation of transformations at the enterprise depending on the stage of the life cycle is proposed, and an algorithm for determining the most optimal development strategy, which is based on an analysis of the parameters of predicted stability, is compiled. As a result of the study, a new approach to the formation of innovative and investment development of an enterprise was formed, which allows taking into account not only the change in the internal indicators of the economic activity of an enterprise, but also the change in external parameters. In addition, the proposed approach allows determining the economic effect on the basis of a combined assessment of the dynamics of introducing product, technological and managerial innovations, taking into account the efficiency of attracting investment resources that ensure the implementation of innovative transformations.
Methods for managing integration and innovation processes in large and small enterprises
Authors: Alkhimovich Igor , Pogodina Vera , Dikareva Varvara
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this paper is to develop practical recommendations for managing the innovation activities of small and large enterprises in the face of increasing competition. As a result of the study, the peculiarities of managing the innovation activity of a small manufacturing enterprise based on the application of the diffusion of innovation method for such management functions as management, production, marketing, and human resources have been identified and generalized. A mechanism has been developed to implement the scientific and technical policy of small manufacturing enterprises, the key feature of which is the possibility of introducing innovations. An algorithm for the formation of the most optimal program for the innovative development of a small manufacturing enterprise is proposed, within the framework of which the innovation process is proposed to be considered in the form of logically indivisible organizational, managerial and technological operations, taking into account the assessment of the size and form of the required resource support for each operation, as well as its economic efficiency. As a result of the study, a technique was obtained that allows determining the most optimal program of innovative development based on the analysis and comparison of their necessary resource support and economic effect from implementation.
National migration administration: modern theories as a basis for effective modernization
Authors: Van Hung Tran , Le Thi Mai Huong , Prachyangprecha Sommaya
Published: May 2020

Studying the key impact factors, development regularities and consequences from the international labor migration has its own solid place in Western socioeconomic sciences for the last six decades already. Throughout this whole period quite many truly original research works have been carried out in dozens of countries worldwide and unique scientific approaches have been developed so that to determine the cause-effect relations within the migration dynamics (including the theory of human capital, the theory of household optimization, the Todaro model etc.). In this article the author makes an attempt to overview the key results of the most outstanding research studies on international labor migration which have been carried since the middle of the 20th century and till now. Afterwards, the author also offers her own methodology for evaluation of migration risks from the standpoint of population in foreign countries. The author suggests to use this model in the process of developing modern migration policy at both national and regional levels.
Protecting the environment for the sake of sustainable development from the perspective of implementing social responsibilities of Vietnamese enterprises
Authors: Duong Van Anh Thi , Pushkareva Lyudmila
Published: May 2020

Development society brings many benefits to people and also brings many challenges. Those challenges seriously affect sustainable economic development, the life and health of all people in society. At present, issues that the whole society has been facing are: hygiene, food safety, environmental pollution, new epidemics, and exhaust of natural resources as well as warming up of the earth... To limit and solve the aforementioned issues, it needs close cooperation and support from all people and enterprises. Every individual, every organization is a part of society. The development of each individual and each enterprise is also the development of society and vice versa. The rise of society will also have a positive impact on each member of it. Therefore, enterprises need to raise awareness about sustainable development and act responsibly with the community and society. It is necessary and useful not only for enterprises themselves but also for the whole society. In this thesis, the author focuses on addressing the following issues: Carrying out social responsibilities associated with environmental protection in order to sustainably develop of Vietnamese enterprises, thereby finding the causes and proposing solutions to help enterprises fulfill their social responsibilities and protect the green, clean and beautiful environment in accordance with the standards prescribed by the Law on Environment of Vietnam in 2014.
The Chronology of the hillforts of Western Alania according to historical, archive and archaeological materials
Authors: Treyman Julia
Published: May 2020

The article is dedicated to revealing historic stages of the development of medieval architecture of Western Alania; systematization of the existing scientific materials connected with the dating of the medieval architectonic and archaeologic legacy of the region; revealing the periodization with defining corresponding cultural and ethnical peculiarities of architecture, compositional patterns and marking the influence of cultural borrowings. During the conducted research we revealed three chronological periods of the development of the architecture of the North Caucasus. At the first stage in the VI-VII c. A. D. appear the first Alan settlements along the western Caucasian part of the Great Silk Way. At the second stage in the VII- first half of the X c. fortifications are built in hillforts; also at this period was formed the three-part planning schemed which followed the principle: a citadel, a fortress, a fortified settlement. At the third stage in the X-XII c. the development of hillfort is performed under the influence of Byzantine Christian topographic traditions.
The Northern sea route: a retrospective, strategic solutions and prospects of development
Authors: Arkhipov Anatoly , Grigoriev Evgeny , Sinitsyn Mikhail
Published: May 2020

The article considers the history of the Northern sea route formation and the current state of this transit artery, which makes it possible to determine the potential, existing problems and prospects for using the considered communication. The importance of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation as a strategic region rich in minerals is noted. The main export and transit orientation of the Arctic communications was revealed. Attention is paid to the development of international cooperation. A review of cargo flows is given and an analysis of the state of cargo transportation in the SMP is carried out. Alternative schemes of cargo transportation from region to region are proposed, which allows to significantly reduce the cost of transport services — this will further reduce the cost of transported products for the end user. It is proposed to organize intra-basin transportation through or through the operation of all types of transport that can participate in the «SMP-regions» system. The selection criteria for each participant will be the cost of transportation. The key positions in this system are occupied by river and sea transport, since there are no other types of transport. In connection with the active development of the SMP, the system proposed by the authors will be actively developed as it coincides with the key positions of the strategy for the development of the economy and transport of the Russian Federation.
Formation and implementation of urban policy using the example of Saransk, Russia
Authors: Egereva Elvira , Barmenkova Alina , Barmenkov Alexei , Surovtsev Dmitry
Published: May 2020

In the process of research the essence of urban policy was disclosed, the basic concept of urban space development were considered, historical prerequisites for the formation of public spaces and modern world trends were identified, a review of the regulatory framework for the formation and implementation of urban planning policies was carried out, priority directions for improving the efficiency of the mechanisms for implementing the urban development policy of the district of Saransk in conditions of the transformation of public spaces were developed.
Environmental entrepreneurship as a type of social entrepreneurship
Authors: Filatova Ulyana
Published: May 2020

The article considers main problems of defining environmental entrepreneurship primarily as a legal phenomenon. The aim of the article is to search for meanings and mechanisms for understanding the legal category of "environmental entrepreneurship", to identify its content, to characterize subjects and to outline main directions of development of legislation governing environmental and entrepreneurial relations. The leading approach to the study of this problem is dialectics, analysis, synthesis, deduction, formal legal method and comparative legal method. Conclusions: The analysis can contribute to creation of developed environmental-entrepreneurial relations in Russia, which is achieved by building a verified conceptual and categorical apparatus, determining the model of legal regulation. The mechanisms of legal regulation require creation of special law and establishment of principle of priority of environmental organization of economic activity as the basic principle of entrepreneurship in general and determinant of legal regulation of environmental entrepreneurship in particular.
Problems of using certain unnamed ways to ensure fulfillment of obligations
Authors: Semeryanova Nina , Tsirin Artem , Matulis Sergey , Ibragim Ibragim
Published: May 2020

The relevance of the work lies in the fact that traditional ways of ensuring the fulfillment of obligations do not fully satisfy the needs of civil circulation, therefore, modern civil legislation needs more flexible legal structures. This situation encourages participants in civil turnover to search for alternative ways to ensure their property interests and is the main reason for emergence of unnamed ways to ensure fulfillment of obligations. The article defines the legal basis of such methods of ensuring fulfillment of obligations as a state (municipal) guarantee, security sale and fiduciary collateral, as well as their place in Russian legal system. Cases of application of these methods in practice are analyzed. The novelty of the study lies in assessing the current state of individual unnamed ways to ensure the fulfillment of obligations made on the basis of analysis of doctrine, legislation and law enforcement practice. Conclusions: Civil law, which offered participants of the obligation relations other ways to ensure the fulfillment of obligations, did not form sufficient criteria and provisions for their regulation. The main difficulties of law enforcers associated with unnamed ways of ensuring the fulfillment of obligations arise due to the lack of unity of opinion on their legal nature in the doctrine, which leads to the difficulty of their settlement and does not allow to occupy a proper niche in civil law. The leading research approach of the study includes such scientific methods as dialectics, analysis, synthesis, deduction, comparative legal and formal legal method.
Legal instruments for stimulating environmentally friendly behavior: successful practices in Russia and abroad
Authors: Malinovsky Alexsei , Osina Dina , Trikoz Elena
Published: May 2020

This paper presents an analysis of the most successful legal tools to stimulate environmentally friendly behavior of the population. The relevance of studying this issue follows from the disappointing data of the official statistics of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, according to which air pollution can lead to premature death of 6-9 million people by 2060. Using the example of Russia, the EU countries, the USA, India and Japan, the specifics of state influence are revealed with the aim of stimulating “green” behavior of the population, the advantages and disadvantages of various approaches to state regulation in the environmental sphere are considered. Foreign experience is analyzed through the prism of the potential for its further reception in Russia - for example, it is proposed to turn to the practice of India, expressed in the functioning of a separate environmental court; special attention is paid to foreign experience in providing benefits and state assistance in the acquisition of electric cars. Despite the fact that achieving socially desirable behavior is possible through the imposition of sanctions, measures to stimulate environmentally friendly behavior can also be an effective way of influencing public relations, as they can lead to the formation of environmental legal awareness, lead to conscious and responsible, socially active behavior in relation to the environment. In the process of preparing the paper, an extensive regulatory and scientific material was studied (including using the legal research services such as Consultant Plus, Garant and Westlaw Academics), and the research methodology was both special legal (rather-legal, technical) and general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, etc.).
Mechanisms of state support implementation of the project to create a cluster in Russia using the example of the water supply and wastewater disposal cluster in St. Petersburg
Authors: Holodkova Victoria , Mottaeva Angela , Pokrovskaya Tatyana
Published: May 2020

The article presents the mechanism and scheme of creating a cluster of water supply and wastewater disposal in St. Petersburg. The developed and approved Concept of water supply and wastewater disposal cluster of St. Petersburg, which includes three segments: educational, technological and industrial, is presented in detail. The educational segment is represented by the Water Academy and other educational institutions – partners of the Cluster. The technology segment includes demonstration, exhibition, engineering and consulting centers. The industrial segment consists of companies–suppliers of materials and equipment for the sphere of water supply and wastewater disposal sector of St. Petersburg and companies that plan to organize production in St. Petersburg. Each of the segments performs its specific functions and tasks. The main ways of development and long-term tasks of the Cluster are outlined.
Program for cross-cultural communicative competence improvement
Authors: Krylova Marina , Proshkina Aleksandra , Bonushko Natalia
Published: May 2020

The development of the international market intensifies communication which increases the importance of their rational organization, as well as cross-cultural competence of participants in such interactions. The article provides a definition of cross-cultural competence. There are described the types of communicative audience of the company. It is defined a set of organizational and methodological support for programs to improve cross-cultural communication managers of the international company.
Phenomenon of self-consciousness and its development during infancy and childhood
Authors: Kondratiuk Maria
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this work is determining the features of self-consciousness development in infancy and childhood. The main research methods are analysis and synthesis. The role of self-awareness and personality is evaluated. The importance of self-awareness in ontogenetic development is shown. The work shows that the development of self-consciousness begins with infancy, when the first prerequisites for its development arise, and the first formed elements of self-consciousness are manifested in preschool childhood. The dynamics of the development of self-consciousness during infancy and childhood. is shown. Considers the key aspects of its development during infancy, early childhood and preschool age. The special role of the environment and communication for the formation of self-awareness is studied. The development of elements of self-awareness in preschool age is characterized. The essential internal and external conditions for development of self-consciousness within these age periods were analyzed.
Stimulating innovative activities in the university
Authors: Lyamin Boris , Sedyakina Anna , Chargaziya Grigoriy , Furin Aleksandr
Published: May 2020

As a result of the research, a way was created to stimulate the innovative activity of university employees. Existing university resources and mechanisms for converting resources into results are determined. Based on a study of the strategic goals of universities, the results that need to be obtained were determined. Graphs are constructed that determine the receipt of the necessary results through the use of various resources. Investigated was carried out of a focus group of university employees and their needs and capabilities were identified. A matrix has been constructed that classifies the columns that characterize the way employees are motivated, depending on their activities and age. Profiles were formed for each category of workers characterizing the most effective mechanisms for influencing workers to obtain the desired result. The results can be used in drawing up a plan of research activities of the university.
Application of solar energy in various construction industries
Authors: Subbotin Artem , Larina Viktoriya , Salmina Vasilisa , Arzumanyan Anastasiya
Published: May 2020

This article discusses the use of the sun as an energy source. The most innovative and useful applications for various branches of human activity are presented today, as well as prospects for the development of this technology. Solar panels are used all over the world, and this article offers one of the options for using solar energy. This option can solve many problems of power supply in various remote areas from civilization, providing the most inaccessible places for Central power supply with lighting and video surveillance, allowing continuous monitoring of objects, which will help ensure safety for nature and humans. Video surveillance cameras and lighting powered by solar energy are economical to use, safe for the environment, and easy to install and operate.
The use of wave power plants in water management for combating the greenhouse effect
Authors: Suzdaleva Antonina , Beznosov Viktor , Volshanik Valerii , Kurochkina Valentina
Published: May 2020

Nowadays, the development of the greenhouse effect is caused not only by industrial facilities emissions into the atmosphere. The contribution of natural and anthropogenic sources of greenhouse gas emissions is becoming increasingly significant. For example, the amount of carbon dioxide produced by the decomposition of organic substances in the zones of degradation of permafrost increases every year. The contribution of the total emission of numerous dispersed sources of atmospheric pollution is also very significant. Traditional methods of control and limitation of greenhouse gas emissions in this case are irrevocable. The solution of the problem is possible only on the basis of the creation of controlled natural and technical systems. The task for the systems is to organize the flow of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere and carbon fixing in the stable components of the environment. The main area of this activity is the stimulation of bioproduction processes. This task is difficult to accomplish in the field of agricultural production. The main objective of the development of this industry is to meet the growing shortage of food products. Against the background of the threat of mass starvation in a number of regions of the world, the problem of the greenhouse effect loses its relevance.
Identification of succinite of infrared absorption spectra
Authors: Verkhovskaia Iana , Prokopenko Viktor , Vasiliev Evgeni
Published: May 2020

The solution of the problem of identification of amber (succinite) on the example of natural polymer material of organic origin on the basis of its infrared absorption spectra is proposed. Taking into account the growing demand for the use of such composite materials on an industrial scale and the insufficiency of existing methods for determining their composition, the proposed method can become a new solution to the problem of identification. The basis of the proposed method for the study of succinite using infrared spectroscopy is translucent spectroscopy, with the measurement of mirror and diffuse reflection. The samples amber of the Palmniken Deposit obtained in the city of Kaliningrad of the Russian Federation were used as the objects studied. The data of infrared spectra of succinite obtained by the proposed method of infrared spectroscopy are obtained and presented in comparison. Five main links on the obtained infrared spectra have been experimentally determined, which can be used as characteristic features for identification and diagnostics of succinite by the material composition. The proposed method may be of interest in the theory of knowledge of material science, research related to the processes of identification, processing of production of amber.
Influence of various additives on properties of concrete
Authors: Tuskaeva Zalina , Karyaev Soslan
Published: May 2020

A comparative analysis of concrete samples without chemical additives and three concrete samples with additives was carried out The first sample contains the liquid additive, the other two contain the powder additive. The article aims at finding out the effectiveness of additives influence on the physical and mechanical properties of concrete and the basis for the application areas of modified types of concrete. By means of laboratory tests, the physical and mechanical properties of concrete mixtures are determined. To determine the strength characteristics of concrete samples, the IM-1250M testing machine was used. The tests were carried out under the same temperature and humidity conditions. According to the results of the experiments, the samples with the multifunctional additive "D-5" showed the best characteristics of concrete, and the samples with the dolomite flour additive were the cheapest. As a result of the experimental analysis, the effects of three additives on the strength characteristics of concrete and water resistance were determined. Cemplast and D-5 additives are highly effective modifiers of concrete and mortar. They can increase the strength by 20-40% at the age of 28 days at dosages of 1.6-6% with a decrease in water-cement ratio and a decrease of cement amount by 20%. Additives highly increase the workability of the mixture, air entrainment and water resistance. While using the chemical additives an early set of the concrete design strength is observed for the construction time reducing in 7 days.
Innovative Gen-II/III and research reactors' fuels and materials
Authors: Agostini Pietro , Utili Marco , Lambrinou Konstantza , Keinänen Heikki , Karjalainen-Roikonen Paivi , Arnoult Ruzickova Mariana
Published: May 2020

This manuscript presents important material challenges regarding innovative Gen-II/III nuclear systems and research reactors. The challenges are discussed alongside the key achievements so far realised within the framework of 4 EU-funded projects: H2020 IL TROVATORE, FP7 MULTIMETAL, FP7 MATTER and FP7 SCWR-FQT. All the four Projects deal with innovative researches on materials to enhance the safety of nuclear reactors. IL TROVATORE proposes new materials for fuel cladding of PWR reactors and tests in order to really find out an “Accident Tolerant Fuel” (ATF). MULTIMETAL focused on optimization of dissimilar welds fabrication having considered the field performances and dedicated experiments. MATTER carried on methodological and experimental studies on the use of grade 91 steel in the harsh environment of liquid metal cooled EU fast reactors. SCWR-FQT focused on fuel qualification of Supercritical Water Reactor including the selection of the better material to resist the associated high thermal flux.
Supporting infrastructures and research reactors: status, needs and international cooperation, IAEA ICERR (International CEntres based on Research Reactors) and IGORR (International Group on Research Reactors), FP7 and H2020 JHR access rights
Authors: Bignan Gilles , Blanc Jean-Yves
Published: May 2020

The panorama of research reactors in the world is at a turning point, with many old ones being shutdown, a very few new ones under construction and many newcomer countries interested to get access to one or to build one domestic research reactor or zero-power reactor. In this evolving context, several actions have been set up to answer this international collaboration need: the IAEA has launched the ICERR initiative, the OECD/NEA is proposing the P2M joint project proposal. In France, the Jules Horowitz Reactor (JHR), under construction at CEA Cadarache, within an International Consortium, will be one of the few tools available for the industry and research in the next decades. The paper presents some update of its construction, its experimental capacities and the European support through FP7 and H2020 tools. This paper provides also some insights of international tools (ICERR, P2M) and about the International Group on Research Reactors (IGORR) and how they complement or interact with the JHR.
Les performances mécaniques des panneaux LVL : Revue bibliographique des principaux facteurs d’influence
Authors: El Haouzali Hafida , Marchal Rémy , Sahban Kifani Fatima
Published: May 2020

Les lamibois ou LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber) sont des produits dérivés du bois, ils sont constitués de placages collés fil sur fil. Ils permettent de gagner amplement sur les valeurs mécaniques. La présente revue de littérature montre que les performances mécaniques des panneaux LVL peuvent être influencées par plusieurs facteurs notamment, l’épaisseur du placage, la fissuration du placage, le mode de jointage longitudinal et le type de colle employé. La direction de sollicitation par rapport aux plans de collage semble aussi avoir un effet non négligeable sur la résistance du LVL à la flexion statique.
Gilles-de-la-Tourette-Syndrom
Authors: Hübl Julius , Ganos Christos
Published: May 2020

Das Gilles-de-la-Tourette-Syndrom (GTS) zählt zu den häufigeren primären Tic-Störungen im klinischen Alltag. Die Diagnose basiert auf der Kombination motorischer und vokaler Tics mit Beginn im Kindes- oder Jugendalter und ist in den meisten Fällen mit hoher Sicherheit möglich. Selten sind Tics die einzigen Symptome bei GTS-Patienten. Bei der Mehrzahl bestehen weitere neuropsychiatrische Komorbiditäten wie ADHS, Zwangs- und affektive Störungen. Störungen aus dem Autismus-Spektrum sind ebenfalls häufig mit Tics assoziiert. Anzahl und Ausmaß der Komorbiditäten können hierbei mit der Intensität und Frequenz der Tics korrelieren und beeinflussen maßgeblich die Lebensqualität. Die Differenzialdiagnose von Tics umfasst zum einen weitere hyperkinetische Bewegungsstörungen wie Myoklonus und Chorea, zum anderen das Spektrum funktioneller Tic-ähnlicher Bewegungen. In dem vorliegenden Artikel beschreiben wir das klinische Spektrum des GTS mit typischen Komorbiditäten und klinische Anhaltspunkte in der Differenzialdiagnose von Tics.
Kommentar
Authors: Krome Susanne
Published: May 2020

Derzeit ereignen sich in der Therapie nicht kleinzelliger Bronchialkarzinome gleich mehrere Paradigmenwechsel. Die stereotaktische ablative Radiotherapie stellt sich als wertvolle Alternative für frühe, inoperable Stadien, aber auch für solitäre Metastasen und eine Oligoprogression dar. Eine weitere bahnbrechende Entwicklung sind die Immuntherapien, die inzwischen mit einer PD1-/PD-L1-Blockade als Erstlinientherapie bei metastasierten Stadien verbreitet sind. Jetzt wächst die Evidenz, dass die Kombination der beiden Optionen einen synergistischen Nutzen hat.
CAR-T-Zell-Therapie
Authors: Kretzschmar Alexander
Published: May 2020

Welche Optionen gibt es für Patienten mit rezidivierten/refraktären hämatologischen Tumoren, um das Überleben nach einmaliger Therapie mit CAR-T-Zellen noch zu verbessern? Auf dem ASH 2019 wurden mehrere Protokolle und mögliche Prädiktoren vorgestellt.
Digital begleitet – Telemedizin
Authors: Kittlick Cornelia
Published: May 2020

Gerade bei chronischen Erkrankungen kann eine engmaschige telemedizinische Betreuung der Patienten entscheidend für den objektiv messbaren Therapieerfolg und die subjektiv empfundene Lebensqualität der Betroffenen sein. Cornelia Kittlick von Thieme TeleCare gibt einen Einblick in die derzeitigen Möglichkeiten der Telemedizin.
Effects of TNF-α-308G/A Polymorphism on the Risk of Diabetic Nephropathy and Diabetic Retinopathy: An Updated Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liu Mengwei , Shang Mengke , Wang Yue , Li Qian , Liu Xiuping , Yang Luping , Zhang Qian , Zhang Kaili , Liu Shan , Nie Fangfang , Zeng Fanxin , Wen Youhan , Liu Wanyang
Published: May 2020

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are the major factors of morbidity and mortality in the patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Growing studies have investigated the relationship between the TNF-α-308G/A polymorphism and the susceptibility to DN and DR, without achieving consensus. Thus, we conducted this meta-analysis to reach more comprehensive conclusions for these issues. Eligible studies were retrieved through electronic databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Summary of odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were generated to evaluate the intensity of the associations. Statistical analyses were performed by STATA 11.0 and RevMan 5.2. There are fourteen eligible publications involving nineteen studies in this meta-analysis. TNF-α-308G/A polymorphism was significantly related to increasing risk of DN under recessive model (OR=1.37, 95% CI=1.03–1.83) and homozygous model (OR=1.54, 95% CI=1.15–2.06). Moreover, the similar results were also obtained in Asian groups for DN (recessive: OR=1.69, 95% CI=1.18–2.42; homozygous: OR=1.99, 95% CI=1.38–2.86; respectively), and significant association was also detected between TNF-α-308G/A and DN susceptibility in type 2 DM in recessive model (OR=1.39, 95% CI=1.02–1.89). No significant association was observed between TNF-α-308G/A and DR susceptibility in total analyses and subgroup analyses by ethnicity and type of DM. TNF-α-308G/A polymorphism may enhance the susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy, especially in Asian population and in T2DM patients, but not diabetic retinopathy.
Copper-Catalyzed Stereoselective Synthesis of 2-Deoxygalactosides
Authors: Zhang Jianbo , Dong Youxian , Yuma Madina , Mei Yuling , Jiang Nan , Yang Guofang , Wang Zhongfu
Published: May 2020

An efficient glycosylation method to synthesize 2-deoxy-O-galactosides based on a Cu(II)-catalyzed reaction without additional ligand has been developed. The glycosylation was amenable to different protected glycal donors and a wide range of acceptors including alcohols, amino acids, sugars, and phenol, and proceeds with excellent yield and high α-selectivity under mild conditions. The reaction proceeds readily on a gram scale, and its versatility is exemplified in the synthesis of oligosaccharides.
Intramolecular Cyclization of Vinyldiazoacetates as a Versatile Route to Substituted Pyrazoles
Authors: Vilotijevic Ivan , Drikermann Denis , Kerndl Valerie , Görls Helmar
Published: May 2020

Vinyldiazo compounds undergo a thermal electrocyclization to form pyrazoles in yields of up to 95%. The reactions are operationally simple, use readily available starting materials, require no intervention of a catalyst, and enable the synthesis of mono-, di- and tri-substituted pyrazoles. With the ability to produce highly substituted pyrazoles and the flexibility in installing various types of substituents, this method constitutes a new entry to this valuable heterocyclic scaffold and may be of interest to all branches of the chemical industry.
Organocatalytic Ring-Opening Polymerization Strategies for Synthesis of Poly(phosphothioesters) with a Pendent Phenyl Group
Authors: Xu Guangqiang , Hao Xin-Qi , Wang Qinggang , Yan Huating , Yang Rulin , Lv Chengdong , Zhou Li
Published: May 2020

A novel type of phosphothioester substrate, 2-phenyl-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane 2-sulfide (PTP), has been synthesized and subjected to ring-opening polymerization. DBU/thiourea served as an efficient cooperative organocatalyst for the synthesis of poly(PTP), delivering the polymer with a well-defined structure, a relatively narrow molecular-weight distribution (1.14–1.20), and high molecular weight (up to 45.2 kg/mol). The ring-opening polymerization process showed a controlled/living nature. In addition, diblock copolymers of PTP with rac-lactide with well-defined structures were also synthesized.
Is Exercise-Induced Fatigue a Problem in Children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy?
Authors: Blaschek Astrid , Rodrigues Martin , Ille Lena , Idriess Mohammed , Well Therese , Warken Birgit , Müller Christine , Hannibal Iris , Tacke Moritz , Müller-Felber Wolfgang , Vill Katharina
Published: May 2020

Objective Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating X-linked muscular disorder. The number of studies investigating new therapeutic approaches is substantially increasing. This study aims to investigate the impact and diagnostic value of exercise-induced fatigue in DMD, which has been proposed as a suitable outcome parameter in other conditions like spinal muscular atrophy.

Patients and Methods A cohort of 55 DMD patients (49 of them treated with steroids and 9 with ataluren) underwent a total of 241 6MWT (mean 4.4 tests/patient) which were retrospectively analyzed. Exercise-induced fatigue was assessed by the ratio between the distance achieved in the sixth minute and the distance in the second minute of the 6MWT. In previous studies a quotient above 1 was defined as a sign of fatigue.

Results The average fatigue quotient in the whole cohort of patients was 1.0. In a further analysis no impact of age, steroid therapy, ataluren therapy, overall disability, and distance in the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) on fatigue in DMD patients could be shown.

Conclusion Our data show that fatigue does not play a relevant role in DMD. Analysis of fatigue is not a useful outcome parameter in DMD studies. For this reason we suggest the 2MWT, which is better accepted by the patients, as an alternative to the commonly 6MWT.
In Children with Provoked Venous Thromboembolism, Increasing Plasma Coagulability during the First 3 Months Postdiagnosis is Prognostic of Recurrence
Authors: Betensky Marisol , Mueller M. Gail , Amankwah Ernest K. , Goldenberg Neil A.
Published: May 2020

Prognostic factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) recurrence following provoked VTE are largely unknown. Using the Clot Formation and Lysis (CloFAL) assay, single institutional research has shown overall improvement in acute hypercoagulability during the first 3 months postpediatric VTE, yet a rise in plasma coagulability in a subgroup of patients. We sought to define the incidence of rise in coagulability during the first 3 months post-provoked VTE, to investigate its relationship with elevated D-dimer, and to test the hypothesis that a marked rise in coagulability is independently prognostic of VTE recurrence. CloFAL and D-dimer assays were performed on plasma at 4 to 6 weeks and 3 months post-VTE in the Johns Hopkins pediatric VTE cohort and National Institutes of Health-sponsored Kids-DOTT trial. Associations of VTE recurrence with D-dimer and CloFAL assay measures were evaluated via logistic regression. Eighty-seven patients were included. Median follow-up was 1 year. Complete veno-occlusion was determined in 12% at 6 weeks. During the first 3 months post-VTE, a marked rise in coagulability was observed by CloFAL assay in 17% of patients, while D-dimer was elevated in 21%. Recurrent VTE occurred in 10% of patients. CloFAL assay, but not D-dimer, was associated with recurrence (odds ratio [OR] 5.87, 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.34–25.8]). After adjustment for veno-occlusion, patients with a marked rise in coagulability by CloFAL assay had a 10-fold increased risk of recurrent VTE (OR 10.33 [95% CI, 1.83–58.19]). Future work should seek to elucidate the mechanisms underlying a rise in plasma coagulability following provoked VTE and to substantiate its prognostic utility for recurrent VTE.
Platelet Integrin αIIbβ3 Activation is Associated with 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in Healthy Adults
Authors: Aleva Floor E. , Tunjungputri Rahajeng N. , van der Vorm Lisa N. , Li Yang , Heijdra Yvonne F. , Oosting Marije , Smeekens Sanne P. , Jaeger Martin , Joosten Leo A.B. , de Groot Philip G. , Netea Mihai G. , van der Ven Andre J.A.M. , de Mast Quirijn
Published: May 2020

Background Cardiovascular events are associated with low circulating vitamin D concentrations, although the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. This study investigated associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations, platelet function, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes influencing vitamin D biology in the 500 Functional Genomics (500FG) cohort.

Methods In this observational study, platelet activation and function were measured by flow cytometry by binding of fibrinogen to the activated fibrinogen receptor integrin αIIbβ3 and expression of P-selectin, markers of platelet aggregation and degranulation, respectively. These parameters were correlated to serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and genotyping was performed to investigate SNPs in genes important for vitamin D biology.

Results Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations correlated inversely with baseline platelet binding of fibrinogen to integrin αIIbβ3 (Pearson's r= –0.172, p = 0.002) and platelet responses to platelet agonist cross-linked collagen-related peptide (CRP-XL) (Pearson's r= –0.196,p = 0.002). This effect was due to circulating vitamin D levels ≤50nmol/L, since no differences in platelet fibrinogen binding were observed between subjects with normal 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations (>75nmol/L) and a 25-hydroxyvitamin D insufficiency (50–75 nmol/L). No correlations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and platelet P-selectin expression were found. Several SNPs in the GC region of the vitamin D binding proteingene were associated with platelet responses to CRP-XL.

Conclusion Low circulating vitamin D concentrations are associated with increased platelet fibrinogen binding to integrin αIIbβ3 in unstimulated samples and after stimulation with CRP-XL. These findings may contribute to the increased incidence of cardiovascular events in vitamin D deficient adults and its seasonal variation. Further studies are needed to investigate causality.
Rotational isolation with neutrally buoyant suspension
Authors: Sunderland A. , Lockwood R. , Ju L. , Blair D. G.
Published: May 2020

Rotational vibration isolation is of critical importance for many airborne instrumentation applications. Such isolators require very low frequency isolation for the rotational degrees of freedom combined with translational rigidity and negligible translation to rotation coupling. This paper describes a vibration isolator using neutrally buoyant flotation to provide high translation rigidity combined with very low rotational rigidity. The isolator reduces the rotational vibration at all frequencies above its resonance (0.18 ± 0.01 Hz) and has a large dynamic range (±30°) suitable for airborne surveying. Viscous, inviscid, and mechanical coupling inside the isolator have been analyzed. A recent fixed wing flight test shows the isolator reducing the rotational vibration by more than a factor of 1000 at frequencies above 10 Hz.