bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long-read sequencing of the coffee bean transcriptome reveals the diversity of full length transcripts v1
Authors: Cheng; Agnelo Furtado; Robert Henry Bing
Published: August 2017

Polyploidization contributes to the complexity of gene expression resulting in numerous related but different transcripts. This study explored the transcriptome diversity and complexity of tetraploid Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) bean. Long-read sequencing (LRS) by Pacbio Isoform sequencing (Iso-seq) was used to obtain full-length transcripts without the difficulty and uncertainty of assembly required for reads from short read technologies. The tetraploid transcriptome was annotated and compared with data from the sub-genome progenitors. Caffeine and sucrose genes were targeted for case analysis._x000D_
 An isoform-level tetraploid coffee bean reference transcriptome with 95,995 distinct transcripts (average 3,236 bp) was obtained. A total of 88,715 sequences (92.42%) were annotated with BLASTx against NCBI non-redundant plant proteins, including 34,719 high quality annotations. Further BLASTn to NCBI non-redundant nucleotide sequences, C. canephora coding sequences with UTR, C.arabica ESTs and Rfam resulted in 1,213 sequences without hits, were potential novel genes in coffee. Longer UTRs were captured, especially in the 5'UTRs, facilitating the identification of upstream ORFs (uORFs). The LRS also revealed more and longer transcript variants in key caffeine and sucrose metabolism genes from this polyploid genome. Long sequences (>10kb) were poorly annotated._x000D_
ANALISIS PERSEPSI AUDITOR MENGENAI FAKTOR PENENTU AUDIT FEE BERDASARKAN CLIENT ATTRIBUTES, AUDITOR ATTRIBUTES, DAN ENGAGEMENT ATRTRIBUTES
Authors: Faturachman Aman
Published: August 2017

This research purposes to know how perception auditors about determining factors of audit fee based on Client Attributes, Auditor Attributes, and Engagement Attributes at The Public Accountant Firm residing in Bandung. In this research, the indicator that is used to characterize the Client Attributes are size, complexity, inherent risk, profitability, leverage and liquidity, and industry. While the indicator to characterize the Auditor Attributes are auditor’s specialization, audit tenure, and location. And the indicators to characterize the Engagement Attributes are audit problems, audit report lag, busy season, and number of reports. The Method that is used in this research is a descriptive method. The population in this research is a public accountant in Bandung. Based on sampling techniques that saturated and qualified then it take about 11 offices of public accountant. SmartPLS ver 2.0 M3 are used as a Statistical analysis. The result of this research with count the loading factor and bootstrapping method are, the first one that the perception of the auditor based on client attributes of audit fee determinants from which is very important to not important is size, complexity, profitability, inherent risk,  industry, and leverage & liquidty, the second states that perception based on auditor attributes audit fee determinants from which is very important to not important is audit tenure, location, and specialization. And the third states that the perception of auditor engagement attributes based determinants of audit fee which is very important to not important audit report lag, busy season, audit problems and number of reports.
SEBUAH KESENJANGAN IMPLEMENTASI INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARS (IFRS), ANTARA TEORI, PRAKTIK DAN RISET PADA PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Anuar Syahdan Saifhul , Safriansyah Safriansyah , Lisandri Lisandri
Published: August 2017

Development of accounting theory is a way of theory, practice and research. Three aspects of the accounting development is an integrated whole, which would form a logical reasoning embodied in engineering financial reporting to become a Conceptual Framework. In practical terms, the adoption of IFRS is not an option for Indonesia, but must, in the hope, foreign investment will continue to enter or even increased and we are not isolated in the international arena. Nobes ( 2010) in his book states that, the International Accounting Standards have an important role in developing countries. Adoption of IFRS is the cheapest way for these countries than setting its own standards. Since January 1 st, 2012, Indonesia has adopted IFRS, there is a gap or imbalance between academics accounting practices and understanding regarding the implementation of IFRS in Indonesia. It should be encouraged readiness for accountants, auditors, management, Tax Officials, and regulators and academics to begin adjusting to the provisions of IFRS
REAKSI PASAR ATAS ISU PADA PERISTIWA ACCOUNTING RESTATEMENT
Authors: Nirmala Dewi Dian
Published: August 2017

Accounting restatement is used to be assumed as a negative signal in capital market. This research is aimed to find out market reaction to accounting restatement in Indonesia. Specifically, the objective of this research is not only for empirically investigating market reaction in general, but also for investigating the difference of market reaction based on issue of restatement. Using abnormal return and cumulative abnormal return as the proxy of market reaction, one sample and two sample independent t-test were run to reach the objectives. 63 samples were obtained from the restatement event during 2009-2012. While, event period were determined for 5 days around restatement date. The result shows that, in average, market positively react to accounting restatement. Further, the results indicate that market do not react differently within the issue of restatement.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN SISTEM TRADISIONAL DENGAN SISTEM ACTIVITY BASED COSTING DALAM PERHITUNGAN HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI DI PT. PINDAD (PERSERO)
Authors: Agustami Silviana
Published: August 2017

Calculation of cost of good manufactured (COGM)  is amount of all cost production used for processing raw materials into finished good in current period. Uncorrect calculation of COGM will give unfavorable effects for the company, because COGM has a function as basis for deciding the price and profit. This research used descriptive comparative design, which compares two variabels (Traditional System and Activity Based Costing [ABC]). Nazir (2004) mentioned that descriptive research makes sistematically ilustration about the observing phenomena. According to Sugiyono (2002), comparative research is a research that comparing two or more variable. Researcher did this research at PT. Pindad, Jl. Jend. Gatot Subroto 517 Bandung. PT. Pindad uses traditional system to calculate COGM, that is the reason for researcher to do this research. The research did from 2013, December untul 2014, January. The result of this research shows difference between traditional system and ABC system; COGM average of traditional system is lower than the ABC system. It means that COGM calculate uses ABC system give higher value than uses traditional system though the difference value was not too far.
ANALISIS PROBLEMATIKA ZAKAT PADA BAZNAS KOTA TASIKMALAYA:PENDEKATAN METODE ANALYTIC NETWORK PROCESS (ANP)
Authors: Firmansyah Irman , Sukmana Wawan
Published: August 2017

Zakat is an obligation that must be carried out by muzakki that not only aims to carry out obligations to Almighty but sharp-edged nature of social justice among mankind. Therefore charity must be managed properly by the board amilin especially by channeling zakat use specifically targeted at Tasikmalaya City Baznas charity board.The study was to examine the affairs of Baznas perzakatan at Tasikmalaya City. Analysis tool used namely Analysis Network Process (ANP) is a qualitative-quantitative method using super decision software . The analysis showed that there is an internal problem which consists of lacking leadership and lacking performance OPZ performance. The problems consist of the absence of external PERDA about channeling zakat institutions and communities less know Baznas. As for an internal solution consisting of leadership and performance maximization of transparency and distribution, while the external solution consisted of socialization and support Baznas scholars. Kendall coefficient ( W ) ranged from 0.970 to 0.9975 means that all respondents have the same relative answer.
KESIAPAN MAHASISWA DALAM MENGHADAPI ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY 2015 (PERSEPSI MAHASISWA FAKULTAS EKONOMI, UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA)
Authors: Sugiharti Harpa
Published: August 2017

ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) in 2015 is one ofthe pillars whichis used as a tool in the achievement ofthe goal of ASEAN in the ASEAN Vision 2020.The objective of this study was to determine student treadinessin the face of employment in Indonesia when the AEC has been applied. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Primary research data obtained by distributing questionnaires to students Faculty of Economic, University of Indonesia. The results showed that most of the students know how the impact of the implementation of the AEC and they have started to prepare for the competition.
PENGARUH PROFESIONALISME AUDITOR INTERNAL TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN DAN PENDETEKSIAN KECURANGAN (FRAUD)
Authors: Widaningsih Mimin , Nur Hakim Desy
Published: August 2017

This study aims to determine the effect of internal auditor professionalism on the prevention and detection of fraud (fraud) on SOEs with headquarters in Bandung. The research method used in this research is descriptive method associative. The data used are primary data collected through the spread of questionnaires on Nine SOEs with Head Office in Bandung. This study uses non-parametric statistical test with Spearman Rank with SPSS 20.0 for Windows software.The results showed that the influence of professionalism of internal auditor to fraud prevention is 40.07%, and the rest of 59.93% can be influenced by other variables that are not examined. And the amount of influence of professionalism of internal auditors to the detection of fraud is 37.33%, the rest of 62.67% can be influenced by other variables that are not examined.
PENGARUH PROFIT MARGIN, ASSETS TURNOVER DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP SUSTAINABLE GROWTH RATE PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR JASA YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2010-2012
Authors: Nasim Arim , Rizki Irnama Fetti
Published: August 2017

This study aims to determine the effect of Profit Margin, Assets Turnover and Leverage on Sustainable Growth Rate. The variables used are profit margin, asset turnover and leverage as independent variable and sustainable growth rate as dependent variable. This study also aims to describe the state of profit margin projected by Net Profit Margin (NPM), asset turnover proxied by Total Assets Turnover (TATO), leverage which is proxied by Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) and Sustainable Growth Rate (SGR) Service sector. This research was conducted on service sector companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2010-2012.Data obtained from website Bursa Efek Indonesia.Teknik data analysis used is multiple linear regression and use t-statistics to test the influence of each independent variable to variable Dependent partially.Previously done classical assumption test that includes data normality test, multicolinierity test, heteroskedastisitas test and autocorrelation test.Based on data normality test, multicolinierity test, heteroscedasticity test and autocorrelation test did not found any variables that deviate from the classical assumption.From the results of research Shows that profit margin positively affect sustainable growth rate, asset turnover have positive effect to sustainable growth rate, and leverage have positive effect to sustainable growth rate.
PENGARUH PROFIBILITAS DAN KINERJA LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP PENGUNGKAPAN TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL
Authors: Agustami Silviana , Hidayat Syarif
Published: August 2017

The pulp & paper industry in CSR disclosure has been heavily criticized because it often advertises itself but does not match performance. This research is generally intended to know the effect of profitability and environmental performance on the disclosure of social responsibility on the pulp & paper and wood industries listed on BEI 2010-2013. The research method used is the method of causality research using two data collection techniques, namely through literature review and secondary data collection. The results obtained are as follows: 1. Profitability in the pulp & paper and wood industry in BEI 2010-2013 is not good because the average every year always suffered losses, 2. Environmental performance in the pulp & paper and wood industry in BEI 2010-2013 Is good enough, 3. Disclosure of responsibility on pulp & paper and wood industry in BEI 2010-2013 is good enough, 4. There is a positive effect of profitability on corporate social responsibility disclosure, 5. There is a positive influence of environmental performance on the disclosure of social responsibility company. From these results can be concluded that based on regression calculation results obtained a positive effect between profitability and environmental performance on corporate social responsibility disclosure.
PENGARUH NILAI TUKAR TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM SETELAH INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING (IPO)
Authors: Andriana Denny
Published: August 2017

This study aims to examine the effect of exchange rate on stock prices after Initial Public Offering (IPO) on companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Observations made on 137 companies that conduct an IPO in the period of 2009 to 2014. The purposive sampling method undertaken in this study resulted in 78 companies that became the research sample. Data analysis technique used in this research is simple regression model. The test results prove that exchange rate has positive but not significant effect on stock price after IPO. The value of determination coefficient is 0.047 (4.7%) indicating that the exchange rate variation can only explain 4.7% against stock price variation after IPO. The other 95.3% is another variable not included in this study.
ANALISIS KINERJA SAHAM SEKTOR FARMASI PADA BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI) TAHUN 2012-2014.
Authors: Hidayat Firman , Juwenah Juwenah , Dwi Astuti Apri
Published: August 2017

Pasar Modal merupakan salah satu sarana untuk melakukan investasi, yaitu memungkinan para pemodal ( investor ) untuk melakukan diversifikasi invetasi, membentuk portofolio sesuai dengan risiko yang bersedia mereka tanggung dan tingkat keuntungan yang mereka harapkan. Pasar modal adalah pertemuan antara yang memiliki kelebihan dana ( pihak investor ) dengan pihak yang membutuhkan dana ( pihak perusahaan ) dengan cara memperjualbelikan sekuritas.Investasi dalam bentuk saham memiliki resiko yang sangat besar. Kesalahan dalam pemilihan saham yang akan dibeli dapat mengakibatkan kerugian yang fatal. Oleh karena itu, investor harus dapat memilih dengan baik saham yang dibelinya. Pemilihan ini dapat dilakukan dengan melihat kinerja perusahaan selama kurun waktu tertentuSalah satu cara yang umum untuk menilai kinerja perusahaan adalah dengan cara mengukur kinerja keuangan perusahaan dengan menggunakan rasio keuangan. Rasio keuangan terdiri dari rasio likuiditas, rasio aktivitas, rasio solvabilitas dan rasio profitabilitas. Dalam hal ini penulis menggunakan Rasio Likuiditas yang diwakili oleh Current Ratio dan Rasio Profitabilitas yang diwakili oleh Earning Per Share dan Net Profit Margin.Berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi berganda yang disertai dengan asumsi klasik menunjukkan bahwa Current Ratio (CR), Earning Per Share (EPS), Net Profit Margin (NPM) berpengaruh signifikan    terhadap Return Saham. Hal ini dapat ditunjukkan dengan nilai probabilitas nya atau p-value yang mempunyai nilai < 5%
JANUARY EFFECT PADA SEKTOR PROPERTY, REAL ESTATE, DAN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION DI BEI
Authors: Audina Mellina , Laturette Kazia
Published: August 2017

This research was conducted on property sector, real estate, and building construction sector that are listed in Indonesia’s stock market 2014-2016. This research used quantitive analysis. The purpose of this research was to determine if there is any significant difference between the average abnormal stock return in January and the other months (February to December).. The data used in this research were secondary data. From 56 stocks, 38 stocks were selected as a sample. The sampling method used was purposive sampling. The collected data had been analyzed with Independent sample t-test and the normality data was tested with Saphiro-Wilk test. The result confirmed that there was no January effect in property, real estate, and building construction sector in Indonesia’s stock market 2014-2016.
PENGARUH TIME BUDGET PRESSURE DAN RISIKO AUDIT TERHADAP KUALITAS AUDIT (SURVEY PADA AUDITOR DI KANTOR AKUNTAN PUBLIK DI BANDUNG)
Authors: Suryo Medianto
Published: August 2017

Empirically the application of principles of corporate governance can improve the quality of financial statements. However, in the implementation of Good Corporate Government and the quality of financial statements has not been done perfectly. Based on the results of research indicates that the failure of GCG implementation in Indonesia can be seen from various cases of audit failure. Based on the above, it shows that GCG mechanism is not working properly, where the stakeholders can not use the financial statements because of the low quality of financial statements or irrelevant and unreliable. This study will provide an overview of the influence of time budget pressure and audit risk on audit quality at public accounting offices in Bandung. This research uses path analysis with Time Budget Pressure variables, Audit Risk, and Audit Quality. The result of the research shows that both independent variable (Time Budget Pressure and Audit Risk) give contribution (influence) to the Quality of Audit equal to 34,20%. While the rest of 65.80% influenced by other factors outside the two independent variables.
DNA-cytometric parameters in patients with ovarian cancer
Authors: Nerodo G A , Novikova I A , Ardzha A Yu , Nikitina V P , Kosenko I A , Kravtsova O E , Bondarenko E S
Published: August 2017

Aim. To study DNA flow cytometry parameters in patients with stage III-IV ovarian cancer receiving different treatments. Methods. Surgical material obtained from 93 female patients with verified stage III-IV ovarian cancer was studied. Patients were divided into 4 groups depending on the treatment variant: without neoadjuvant chemotherapy, with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, with neoadjuvant chemotherapy with different recombinant human interferon gamma (Ingaron) injections - intramuscular or intraperitoneal. Cell count was analyzed, and ploidy interpretation and cell cycle analysis were performed on fresh surgical material. Results. Differences in cell distribution depending on the treatment method were found. Increased proliferation rates, proliferation index, aneuploid tumors predominance in the group without drug exposure were demonstrated. Most of diploid tumours were registered in the group receiving neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy with intraperitoneal immunomodulator injections (83.4%) that indicates better disease prognosis. Under exposure to neoadjuvant polychemotherapy aneuploid cell number decreases to 38.4%, and chemoimmunotherapy with intramuscular and intraperitoneal recombinant human interferon gamma injections demonstrated even greater decrease - to 27.2 and 16.6%, respectively. Conclusion. Interferon gamma inclusion into the treatment contributes to a decreased number of aneuploid tumors, reduced proportion of aneuploid cells in tumors and reduced proliferation rates and proliferation index characterizing cancer aggressiveness.
Factors influencing survival of patients suffering from nonspecific aortoarteritis
Authors: Borodina I E , Shardina L A
Published: August 2017

Aim. To identify the factors influencing survival of patients with Takayasu arteritis with the use of Kaplan-Meier mono-factor analysis.

Methods. As the factors influencing survival we analyzed gender, smoking status, tachycardia, arterial hypertension, comlications, left common iliac artery involvement, character of disease progression, and social factors. 96 patients suffering from nonspecific aortoarteritis and observed in Regional clinical hospital №1 in 1998-2016 were examined.

Results. Survival of patients suffering from nonspecific aortoarteritis was influenced by: male gender (p=0.0030), smoking (р=0.00762), tachycardia at the time of diagnosis (p=0.01762), arterial hypertension at the time of diagnosis (p=0.04150), involvement of left common iliac artery (p=0.02970), more than 3 complications (p=0.00062), progressive course of the disease (p=0.00016), being divorced (p=0.00018). 5-year survival was 99%, 10-year survival - 95%, 15-year survival - 93%.

Conclusion. The following factors were identified as influencing survival of patients with Takayasu arteritis: male gender, smoking, tachycardia and arterial hypertension at the time of diagnosis, involvement of left common iliac artery, more than 3 complications, progressive course of the disease and being divorced.
Species spectrum of microflora of upper digestive tract mucosa and its effect on the development of pathology in children
Authors: Kazakova M A , Pozdeev O K , Valeeva Yu V , Morozova L G , Fayzullina R A
Published: August 2017

Aim. To study microbial landscape of duodenal mucosa and bile samples from children with disorders of the upper digestive tract.

Methods. The study material included 69 biopsy samples of duodenal mucosa obtained during upper endoscopy and bile samples (106 samples) obtained at fractional duodenal sounding of 106 children. An expanded set of growth media (5% blood agar, Endo’s medium, Ploskireva’s medium and alkaline bile agar) was used followed by biochemical identification, that allows revealing a wide range of contamination with aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms.

Results. It was found that in children with isolated forms of chronic gastroduodenitis and functional gallbladder disorders the frequency of H. pylori detection was significantly higher compared to other children who have organic desease of biliary system in the form of chronic сholecystitis.

Conclusion. Infection is the trigger mechanism for the development of combined pathology of the upper digestive tract and the biliary system; in organic cholepathies mixed infection combined with H. pylori infection is more common.
Evaluation of efficacy of treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 with the use of different treatment schemes
Authors: Mekhdiev S Kh , Mustafaev I I , Mamedov M N
Published: August 2017

Aim. To study pharmaco-epidemiological features of hypoglycemic treatment combinations in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.

Methods. Cross-sectional epidemiologic study included 528 patients who responded the questions from ARIC questionnaire about the scheme of conducted antidiabetic treatment. Glycemia
Role of thymidylate synthase as a predictor of neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy in rectal cancer
Authors: Aliyarov Yu R , Melikova L A , Kerimov A Kh , Bagirova E E , Mekhdizade S G
Published: August 2017

Aim. To study the level of thymidylate synthase gene expression in biopsy material from patients with rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy.

Methods. Analysis of treatment of 101 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (T3-4, N0-2, M0) was conducted. Measurement of the level of thymidylate synthase gene expression was performed by polymerase chain reaction. To extract ribonucleic acid Qiagen (RNA easy FFPEkit; Qiagen,GmbH,Germany) reagents were used.

Results. Cancer pathomorphosis stage TRG 1 was revealed in 23 (22.7%) patients, TRG 2 - in 31 (30.7%) patients, TRG 3 - in 32 (31.7%) patients, complete clinical response (i.e. complete tumor resorption TRG 4) - in 15 (14.9%) patients. Analysis of thymidylate synthase gene expression in patients with poor response to chemoradiation therapy showed that in 34.8% of cases high expression was revealed, while in 65.2% of cases - low expression. Among patients with complete clinical response significant prevalence of patients with high expression of thymidylate synthase gene was revealed - 73.3%, and in 26.7% of patients with pathomorphosis of grade 4 low expression of this gene was registered. In patients with tumor regression grade 2 and 3 no significant difference in patients’ ratio was revealed. The most prominent correlation according to the level of thymidylate synthase gene expression was found in patients without the response to conducted chemoradiation therapy (with prevalence of patients with low expression) and complete tumor regression (with prevalence of patients with high expression).

Conclusion. There is inverse correlation between the grade of tumor regression and thymidylate synthase gene expression; evaluation of the level of thymidylate synthase gene expression and response of rectal cancer to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy requires further investigation both on molecular and clinical levels.
Effect of combined methods of rehabilitation on respiratory system of overtrained athletes
Authors: Abbasova E A
Published: August 2017

Aim. Study of changes of athletes’ respiratory system developing after overtraining and its recovery due to combined rehabilitation (with the use of anti-gravity treadmill).

Methods. The control group (group 1) included active athletes - 35 people (with traditional training). All athletes with overtraining (group 2) were divided into two subgroups: group 2A (23 people) - overtrained athletes after combined rehabilitation (anti-gravity treadmill in combination with the traditional training) and group 2B (24 people) - overtrained athletes who had traditional rehabilitation. The stress test was carried out on a stationary KETTLER exercise bike (Germany).

Results. All parameters of external respiration function at rest in athletes of group 2A were statistically significantly higher than those of the athletes from group 2B. In athletes from group 2A peak expiratory flow rate achieved during the forced inspiration and expiration at rest were higher than those of athletes fron group 2B. After physical exertion all of the above mentioned parameters of external respiration function in athletes from group 2A were higher than in group 2B (p
Role of infections in autoimmune disease development
Authors: Moskalets O V
Published: August 2017

Since the discovery of immunologic tolerance phenomenon, active discussion of the role of genetic and environmental factors in autoimmune disease development has persisted. One of such factors is infections. Microorganisms are considered to be triggers of autoimmune diseases but their role is still not completely understood. Animal experiments conclusively demonstrate how the certain microorganism or its antigen can cause autoimmune pathology. At the same time the results of clinical studies performed on patients with different autoimmune pathologies are hardly decisive and often are contradictory. It should be taken into account that patients with already existing disease were studied in most cases, so interpretation of the data on the association of certain causative pathogens with certain autoimmune pathology should be performed cautiously. The review contains key hypotheses about possible mechanisms of autoimmune reaction development in infections: hypotheses about latent antegens/cryptoantigens, antigen modification, superantigen presence, epitope spectrum extension, molecular mimicry, adjuvant and non-specific effect, antigen complementarity, and idiotypic-antiidiotypic interactions. Their advantages and disadvantages are presented, their comparison is performed. In most cases facts proving one of the hypotheses can be reconsidered in favor of another one. A number of early hypotheses need to be reviewed taking into account modern understanding of innate and adaptive immunity. As more data about relation between infection and autoimmunity is collected, new hypotheses can be developed integrating main claims of previous hypotheses and adding the new ones.
Key performance indicators of homecare service for patients older than working age
Authors: Shlyafer S I
Published: August 2017

Aim. To analyze the performance indicators of hospitals at home for the patients older than working age in Russian Federation in 2011-2015.

Methods. Analytical and statistical methods were used. Performance indicators of hospitals at home for patients of pension age in Russian Federation were analyzed based on departmental and federal statistical observation forms during the period of 2011-2015.

Results. In the country during the period of 2011-2015, the number of people older than working age increased by 13.1% and their proportion in total population increased from 22.3 to 24.55% was revealed. In 2011-2015 the number of home care patients of pension age increased by 2.1%. Analysis of the distribution of the number of patients treated in hospitals at home of medical organizations showed that elderly were mostly treated in central district, district and city hospitals, and polyclinics. The average duration of hospital stay of patients older than working age in hospitals at home was 11.1 days and was one day less than the average duration of hospital stay of the elderly in health care organizations providing in-patient service (12.1 days).

Conclusion. Over 5 years, proportion of patients older than working age among all patients treated in hospitals at home increased from 57.1 to 64.3% was observed; in 2015 in the regions of the Russian Federation significant variance of the number of patients older than working age treated in hospitals at home (from 0.01 to 98.9 per 1000 population of corresponding age) was revealed.
Periods of epidemic process of HIV infection and AIDS-related diseases in Perm Krai
Authors: Ivanova E S , Charushin A O , Vorob’eva N N , Gibadulin R G , Shelud’ko V S , Zhalnin V V
Published: August 2017

Aim. To identify the periods of the development of epidemic process of HIV infection in Perm Krai, characteristics of the structure of key AIDS-related diseases.

Methods. Analysis of prevalence of HIV infection and AIDS-related diseases was performed in Perm Krai based on the data of official statistics for 1988-2015. For this purpose data were taken from retrospective study of original medical records (individual outpatient‘s medical cards), form №61 approved by the resolution of Rosstat №1 issued at 09.01.2008 «Information on the groups of HIV-infected patients». Frequency and the strucutre of key opportunistic infections at different periods of the epidemic process were identified.

Results. 5 periods of the development of epidemic process of HIV infection were identfied in Perm Krai during 1995-2015: period of sporadic, stable level of incidence (1995-1998), period of sudden increase of incidence determining epidemic issues (1999-2001), period of decreasing and stable incidence (2002-2006), periods of growth (2007-2010) and activation (2011-2015) of the epidemic process due to sexual transmission of infection. In more than one third of the patients (33.29%) combination of opportunistic infections was registered that contributes to their severe course, diagnostic issues and untimely treatment. Parenteral route of transmission is the most prevalent among males (intravenous injection of drugs) and its proportion in the structure of transmission routes is 82.7±8.9%. Among females sexual transmission is prevalent.

Conclusion. In the dynamics of the development of epidemic process of HIV infection in Perm Krai (1995-2015) 5 periods were identified; at the modern stage among HIV infected patients AIDS-related diseases prevalently with central nervous system and internal organ damage are diagnosed: candidiasis, cytomegalovirus infection, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis and tuberculosis (stage 4b, 4c of HIV infection).
The accessibility of information about medical services in the context of the social justice of health care
Authors: Savel’eva Zh V , Kuznetsova I B , Mukharyamova L M
Published: August 2017

Aim. To reveal the spectrum of opinions and issues regarding accessibility of information about medical services and on-line booking of doctor’s appointments among population and experts.

Methods. The methods included semi-structured interviews and focus groups with population and experts. Total of 17 individual and group interviews with experts were conducted in the Republic of Tatarstan and 12 in the Republic of Mari-El (n=59 people); 28 individual interviews and focus groups with the population were conducted in Tatarstan and 13 in Mari-El (n=113 people).

Results. New informational technologies with a positive impact on openness and accessibility of health care system have nevertheless some serious issues in realization connected with organizational, infrastructural, economic, social cultural and psychological factors: (1) insufficient information provided to the population about the state warranties of health care program; (2) inaccessibility of websites for some prevention and treatment facilities; (3) age inequality both in access to information about the services and in on-line booking of doctor’s appointments.

Conclusion. There is an urgent need for goal-directed policy to overcome inequality in the access to information among different social groups, and also for creation of equal conditions for development and supporting informational technologies in medical institutions and centers.
Clinico-morphological characteristics of a rare case of pleomorphic cardiac rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Gadzhieva L R , Pirogov Yu S , Pavochkina E S
Published: August 2017

Pleomorphic sarcomas are a group including some of poorly differentiated mesenchymal malignancies, which differ in morphology, molecular and biological properties and clinical outcomes. They are relatively rare tumors comprising, by different assessments, 5 to 7% of all mesenchymal malignancies. The tumors affect soft tissues of the limbs, body, retroperitoneal space and mediastinum. The morphologic substrate of pleomorphic sarcomas is polymorphic tumor cells of fibroblast cell lines, smooth myocytes, rhabdomyoblasts, Schwann cells, etc. Accuracy of morphologic diagnosis of pleomorphic sarcomas ranges between 13 to 26%. In practice it means that histological type of pleomorphic sarcoma is correctly defined only in a quarter of patients. Meanwhile, the importance of defining the histological type before starting the treatment is explained by the fact, that accurate histological and simultaneous molecular characteristics of pleomorphic sarcomas points the way to selective therapy of such tumors. The article presents the results of our observation of a 27-year-old patient with pleomorphic cardiac rhabdomyosarcoma. In this case cardiac tumor, first defined during echocardiography, is one of metastases of pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma of neck soft tissues. But at retrospective analysis its primary nature cannot be ruled out. The difficulties of morphologic diagnosis occurring during tumor verification are objective as the diversity of tissues - sources of pleomorphic sarcomas - creates extremely complex histological presentation and exceptionally embarrasses defining the histogenesis of the tumor.
Use of a physiotherapeutic device for complex treatment of inflammatory diseases of prostate
Authors: Zhiborev B N , Zhiborev A B , Rakcheev B Yu
Published: August 2017

Aim. Evaluation of efficacy of complex treatment of patients with the diagnosis of chronic prostatitis and patients with the main diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia and concomitant chronic prostatitis with the use of physiotherapeutic device for the treatment of inflammatory prostatic diseases «MAVIT».

Methods. Clinical efficacy of the treatment with the use of the «MAVIT» device was studied in complex treatment of 45 patients with chronic prostatitis. Group 1 consisted of 25 patients diagnosed with stage I-II benign prostatic hyperplasia complicated with chronic prostatitis. Group 2 included 20 patients with proven diagnosis of chronic prostatitis. Efficacy was evaluated immediately after the course of treatment and during the following 12 months. For evaluation of biotissue influence of the «MAVIT» device on blood flow in prostate, transrectal color Doppler ultrasound was performed in 10 patients from group 2 before and after physiotherapeutic session. Peak flow rate, index of peripheral vascular resistance as well as organ vascular density were studied.

Results. The treatment results were evaluated in both groups at months 3 to 12. All patients reported reduction or disappearance of dysuria, subjective improvement of urination, reduction of pain in genitals. Improvement of urination was registered based on the results of examination (IPSS scale, uroflowmetry, ultrasound of prostate, residual urine, transrectal color Doppler ultrasound).

Conclusion. In patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia at conservative stage of the disease complex treatment of chronic prostatitis with the use of physiotherapeutic factors has pathogenetic value and, if necessary, allows preparing a patient for the surgery; the received results allow recommending the «MAVIT» device for the treatment of chronic prostatitis including patients with stage I-II benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Results of the treatment of the marginal periodontium inflammation with the use of diode laser prior to orthopedic rehabilitation
Authors: Maksimova N V
Published: August 2017

Aim. Evaluation of the results of treatment of marginal periodontium inflammation with the use of diode laser prior to prosthetic treatment with fixed prosthetic constructions.

Methods. The study involved 54 patients with a diagnosis of moderate or severe chronic generalized periodontitis referred by orthopedists for the treatment of marginal periodontium inflammation at the stage of preprosthetic preparation. All patients were divided into 2 groups. The study group consisted of 33 patients who underwent conservative treatment with the use of diode laser. The comparison group consisted of 21 patients who underwent anti-inflammatory treatment with the use of Vector Paro device. The study results were evaluated 3, 6 and 12 months after the procedure.

Results. On examination after 5 days hyperemia and edema of the gum significantly decreased in 36% of patients in the study group (they had repetitive procedure of laser curettage performed) and totally disappeared in 64%. Also no bleeding on probing was registered, the gum was firmly against the tooth tissue. All patients from the study group reported clinically significant decrease of bleeding according to Muhlemann-Saxer papillary bleeding index. Before treatment in patients from both groups the periodontal pocket depth was in average 4.98±1.96 mm and the proportion of pockets deeper than 4 mm was 24.4%. Gum recession was in average 0.94±1.02 mm.

Conclusion. Use of laser therapy with high intensity diode laser in the complex treatment of periodontal diseases is reasonable and effective as it allows achieving stable remission, that is proved by clinical examination and indices, and significant reduction of periodontal treatment duration prior to orthopaedic treatment.
Use of TI-RADS system in differential diagnosis of thyroid cancer
Authors: Timofeeva L A , Aleshina T N
Published: August 2017

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound classification of thyroid palpable abnormalities using TI-RADS system for thyroid cancer detection in the Chuvash Republic.

Methods. The study is based on the results of examining of 296 patients (study group) with thyroid palpable abnormalities. All patients from the study group had multi-parametric ultrasound imaging performed using modern methods and techniques (B-mode, color and power Doppler mapping). Based on ultrasound data received, signs of malignancy of thyroid palpable abnormalities by TI-RADS system were identified. Data from ultrasound protocols were compared with cytological and morphological findings. Fine needle biopsy was used as «gold standard» for the diagnosis of thyroid cancer.

Results. All patients from study group were divided according to echographic characteristics into 4 subgroups by TI-RADS scale: TI-RADS 3, TI-RADS 4a, TI-RADS 4b, TI-RADS 5. Out of the total number of patients thyroid cancer in TI-RADS 3 subgroup was determined in 14 (4.7%) cases, TI-RADS 4a - in 36 (12.2%), TI-RADS 4b - in 66 (29.1%), TI-RADS 5 - in 160 (54.0%) cases. Among patients from TI-RADS 3 subgroup papillary cancer was detected in 6.7% (11) cases, follicular cancer - in 2.5% (3); in TI-RADS 4a subgroup papillary carcinoma was detected in 61.1% of cases, follicular cancer - in 36.1%, medullary cancer - in 2.8%; in TI-RADS 4b in 76.4% of cases papillary carcinoma was detected, in 31.4% - follicular cancer and in 1.2% - medullary cancer; in TI-RADS 5 subgroup in 46.3% of cases papillary carcinoma was detected, in 46.9% - follicular cancer, in 5.6% - medullary cancer and in 1.3% - anaplastic carcinoma was detected.

Conclusion. Suggested TI-RADS classification makes it possible to standardize thyroid ultrasound protocol; introduction of TI-RADS classification into algorithm of early radiological diagnosis of thyroid cancer allows improving thyroid cancer diagnosis.
Experience in performing posterior separation plasty in giant postoperative ventral hernias
Authors: Malkov I S , Filippov V A , Shaymardanov R Sh , Korobkov V N , Gubaev R F , Erkhu E E
Published: August 2017

Aim. To present the experience in performing posterior separation plasty according to Yu. Novitskiy, to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the technique. Methods. The results of treatment of 22 patients with giant middle postoperative ventral hernias, treated in the surgical department №1 of Kazan City clinical hospital №7 in 2013-2016, were analyzed. 9 patients had open posterior separation plasty of the abdominal wall in Yu. Novitskiy’s modification performed (study group). Comparison group included 13 patients who had standard tension-free inlay-plasty. Results. The average duration of surgery in the study group was 143.9±10.7 min, in comparison group - 136.6±12.1 min. In the study group there were no serious complications in the immediate postoperative period. In 3 cases at control ultrasound examination clinically insignificant seromas were found which did not require additional treatment and self-resolved within the period of 3 weeks. In one case there was lymphorrhea from the wound for 9 days. Healing of a surgical wound in all cases was by primary intention. Average hospital stay was 10.2±0.6 days. There were no lethal outcomes. Recurrence of the disease in the observed period was not registered. Conclusion. Posterior separation plasty of the abdominal wall in Yu. Novitskiy’s modification is a safe and effective technique that allows recommending this surgery to the surgeons operating patients with giant postoperative ventral hernias.
Percutaneous endoscopic microgastrostomy as a method of the long-term enteral nutrition therapy and therapeutic treatment of patients
Authors: Samigullin M F , Bilalov I V , Duglav E A , Kosolapova T V , Kundukhova F T , Khabibulina A R
Published: August 2017

Aim. Analysis of the experience of percutaneous endoscopic microgastrostomy use for the long-term enteral nutrition therapy and therapeutic treatment of patients with Parkinson’s disease.

Methods. The group of 4-year observation period (2012-2016) included 20 patients aged 55 to 72 with severe form of Parkinson’s disease, mostly males. All patients had microgastrostomy performed in 2008-2012 with the use of «Frezenius» set. Through microgastrostomy levodopa-carbidopa was administered by microdrainage to jejunum.

Results. During the first year of functioning of gastrostomy the following complications occured: gastric juice leakage to the skin surface causing the skin maceration (in 2 cases), growth of hypergranulations around gastrostomy (in 3 cases), prolapse of the supporting ring of microgastrostomy to subcutaneous fat causing abscess (in 2 patients). By the end of the fourth year of observation 3 more patients developed prolapse of microgastrostomy to subcutaneous fat without suppuration. The authors in each certain case used different preventive methods and treatment of complications. To prevent gastric juice leakage and growth of hypergranulation, correction of tube fixation and local treatment are necessary; to prevent prolapse of the supporting ring of gastrostomy use of prolene mesh is appropriate. The microgastrostomy should be changed once in 3-4 years with proper care. When microdrainage is used for medication administration through gastrostomy to jejunum, its replacement is necessary at least once in 2 years to prevent bezoar development on catheter.

Conclusion. Puncture microgastrostomy performed under endoscopic control can be effectively used for long-term nutrient and medications administration to digestive tract.
Cultural-historical psychology and the activity approach in the studies of modern education: сomments
Authors: Veggetti S.M.
Published: August 2017

With reference to the Presentation of the colleague Lucisano of the Sapienza University, the author stresses the still great meaning of the KIP by Vygotskij for a correct understanding of today’s needs for education and instruction in Europe. Expecially the further analysis and deepening of KIP by Davydov predisposes a full understanding of the learning activity as a way not for competing, but for attaining a general growth of the entire human personality. The project for a new Programme on “Historical cultural psychology and Activity Theory Approach in Instruction”, existing in Moscow at the Psycho-pedagogical University and cared for by a team of Vygotskian followers engaged in the realizing of it, demonstrates the strong potential connection between the KIP theory and the social needs of present-day society. Moreover, a new historical-cultural school was projected and will be opened in Russia.
Positive psychology and ideas of cultural-historical school of L.S. Vygotsky
Authors: Vasilev V.K. , Stamatov R.I.
Published: August 2017

In the article was carried out a comparative analysis between two distinctive psychology schools: the cultural-historical psychology of L.V. Vygotsky and the positive psychological school. Distinct are a number of significant similarities between their basic ideas that are valuable both for the development of human knowledge and for public practice. The authors have outlined and systematized the leading personal and intellectual qualities of the famous psychologists who have created the most promising theories in the psychological science. The category is highlighted as well as a small group of visionary psychologists who have identified the most important problems of man and psychology and have offered the best quality solutions to these problems. These are W. James, S. Freud, L. Vygotsky, E. Eriksson and A. Maslow; We’ve noticed that Vygotsky alone meets all the criteria, as if the concept of insightful psychologists was modeled over his creative work and his personality.
Liberal education and the connection with Vygotsky’s theory of the zone of proximal development
Authors: Nguyen M.
Published: August 2017

Liberal education came into recognition in Roman Empire, spread throughout Europe during the sixteenth century and has become a revolution in the United States in the last centuries. The term “liberal education” has roots in the Latin word for a free person (liber) and the artes liberales emerged historically as the education appropriate for free people. In the modern world, and especially in the United States after the American Revolution, liberal education drew on these roots to position itself as the best preparation for self-governance in a free democratic society. At Hoa Sen University, liberal education has been chosen as a way to develop students, alongside their professional preparation. In the search for best application options of liberal education, the author realized the connection between liberal education philosophy and Vygotsky’s educational approach, as known as the zone of proximal development. This article analyzes the perspectives of liberal education and its logical connection with Vygotsky’s theory of the zone of proximal development.