bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Practical Path and Mechanism of Xinxiang Talents' Participation in Rural Governance from the Perspective of "Five Governance Integration"
Authors: Jian Luyi , Chen Yu
Published: January 2025

Against the backdrop of the comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization strategy and the continuous deepening of modernization construction of grassroots governance, rural governance is facing many opportunities and challenges. As an important force in rural areas, the significance of Xinxiang's participation in rural governance is becoming increasingly prominent. This article first traces back to the gentry tradition in grassroots social governance, analyzes the grassroots governance structure of the "state society" and the gentry tradition in China, and then elaborates on the scientific connotation and historical characteristics of Xinxiang's virtuous culture. On this basis, the harmonious and symbiotic strategy of "Five Governance Integration" is proposed for rural governance. The focus is on optimizing the path for Xinxiang talents to participate in rural governance from the perspective of embedding, covering various aspects such as improving the implementation of certification mechanisms to stimulate the advantages, strengthening the motivation for returning to the countryside by closely adhering to local sentiments, creating typical images to correct cognitive biases, reconstructing industrial platforms to attract entrepreneurship, and establishing sound guarantee mechanisms to facilitate return channels. Through the exploration of these contents, the aim is to provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for Xinxiang talents to better integrate into rural governance, help rural areas achieve high-quality development.
علامہ ابن فارس کے رسالہ سیرت أوجز السير لخير البشرکا مطالعہ
Authors: Aleem Muhammad , Tariq Ali
Published: January 2025

History of Islamic Scholarship is replete with countless writings on Sirah of our beloved Prophet Muhammad (SAW).These belong to all periods of Islamic history and all regions of Muslim world. These writings cover various topics and aspects of Sirah. These are also in different types like Nazam, Nasar and different sizes of books , monographs , pamphlets, and other shapes. Short Sirah books are one of them which cover important information about Sirah in a few pages. Ibn Faris (395 AH) is pioneer of this type of Sirah writings and author of very first known book of this kind. His book titled “Awjaz al-Sīyar li-Khayr al-Bashar” had a great impact on coming Sirah writers which include great names like Ibn Salah, al Sohaili,  al Zahbi, Ibn Sayed al Nass , Ibn Nasir ud Din al Damishqi and many more. They derived his data , information, and unique dates of Sirah events which Ibn Faris fixed very minutely. His short book was quoted, commented, rhymed and translated in other language.   This article deals with information regarding its manuscripts, publications, impact on later books, unique qualities and a detailed review of its text (Matan). Article includes analysis of its text and methodology(Manhaj) of author. This article contributes in elaborating Sirah sources and compiling detailed history of Sirah writings in Arabic language.
SOCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT IN PERSPECTIVE OF SEERAH
Authors: Arshad Muhammad , Sajjad Hafiz Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Social risk management means the identification, analysis, and mitigation of potential risks or challenges that arise within a society. It involves understanding the vulnerabilities and potential negative impacts on social well-being and implementing strategies to minimize these risks and promote resilience. The concept of socialist management can be derived from the Sea of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him). Various incidents and actions from the life of Holy Prophet (PBUH) can be understood through this lens. During the time of the Prophet Muhammad, the Arabian society faced numerous social challenges and risks. The Prophet, through his teachings and actions, effectively managed and mitigated these risks to bring about positive social change. Here are some examples of how social risk management principles can be observed in the Seerah: Just like Bait-Ul-Uqba Uola and Saniah, Migration to Habshah, Migration from Mecca to Madina, Pact of Madina, digging of Trench, Treaty of Hudaybiyyah. Social risk Management in Pakistan like Earth quake, floods, drought or Famine, wildfire, tropical cyclone, COVID-19 pandemic, dialogue and agreement with enemies can be solved seeking gaudiness from the Seerah.
حکمت کے قریب المعنی قرآنی اصطلاح” الحلم“: تفسیری مطالعہ
Authors: Qaiser Irfan , Shan Ali
Published: January 2025

The Holy Qurān is a book of wisdom. And it hides vast knowledge of wisdom within itself. Al-Ḥikma is an important term of the Holy Qurān which is used in different places in the Holy Qurān. It has different connotations and meanings depending on the context. Similarly, there are some terms in the Holy Qur'an whose meaning and meanings show that these various terms are a part of wisdom and an attribute of it. In terms of its broad meaning, the term al-Ḥikma has the status of a Whole And some special Qur'anic terms are its components or parts or attributes. It would be more appropriate to say that Allah gives a person complete wisdom and someone is given partial wisdom. By this, we mean to find these special Qurānic terms or Qurānic attributes. One of these attributes is the attribute of al-Ḥilm. And this is also close to wisdom in terms of meaning and definition. A person in whom this attribute is found is as if he is given an attribute of wisdom, i.e. he becomes the owner of a part of wisdom. And this ownership is only given by Allah. In this Research paper, it has been explained that the attributes of wisdom are found within the term al-Ḥilm. And the term al-Halim in the Qur'an is relative and connotated to the Qurāni Term of al-Ḥikma.
Economic Policies of Developed Countries in the Perspective of Islamic Teachings:
Authors: Ullah Kalim , Perveen Aisha
Published: January 2025

The real status of wealth in the Islamic perspective is just a worldly thing like all other things, which will be ended definitely with the ending of this mortal world. But no doubt that all the done deeds in this world will be there in the immortal world whether these are virtues or evils with rewards by Allah Almighty. As knowing that, this world is the biggest factory of mortal lives having unlimited necessities and yearnings of these same lives. And to fulfill the requirements of daily routine lives wealth is needed, therefore it remains in unending circulation throughout the whole national and international economic societies whether designated by Islamic or non-Islamic policymakers. But Islamic teachings prospect a fact phenomenon about finances.
دورِحاضر کے تقاضے اور اصول الفقہ کی تدوینِ نو کے اصول و اسالیب
Authors: Sikandar Sultan , Hashmi Muhyuddin
Published: January 2025

The principles of Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh) have historically provided a comprehensive legal framework rooted in the Quran, Sunnah, consensus (Ijma), and analogy (Qiyas). However, as the world undergoes rapid transformations driven by technological advancements, globalization, and evolving social norms, the application of traditional Islamic legal principles faces new challenges. The present era demands a fresh approach to the reconstruction of Islamic jurisprudence that aligns with contemporary realities while remaining faithful to its foundational sources. This paper explores the need for reforming the principles and methods of Islamic jurisprudence in response to modern demands such as digital privacy, human rights, environmental concerns, and the increasing complexity of global interconnectivity. It highlights the importance of contextualizing traditional legal rulings within the socio-political and technological landscape of the 21st century. The reconstruction process is proposed through an integrative framework that combines ijtihad (independent legal reasoning) with contemporary methods, including interdisciplinary approaches from fields such as economics, sociology, and political science. By fostering a more dynamic and context-sensitive approach to Islamic law, the paper advocates for the development of new jurisprudential methodologies that emphasize justice, equity, custom and public welfare. Ultimately, the article argues that the principles of Islamic jurisprudence can evolve to address modern challenges, ensuring that the law remains relevant, adaptable, and aligned with the social welfare and objective of Sharia while promoting social harmony and global justice.
SIGNIFICANCE OF RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE IN PAKISTANI SOCIETY
Authors: Kanwal Shamsa
Published: January 2025

Many scholars have researched on the topic. They have talked about its significance and its requisition. But, they have dealt with this topic in general. This study has focused on the significance and requisition of Religious Tolerance in a Pakistani Society, in particular. As well as, unlikely the past researches where it was discussed particularly referring to an Inter-Religion tolerance; the main focus of this study was the Intra-Religion Tolerance. It was analytical in nature, and is descriptive in its mode of expression. Qualitative mode of research has been used. The researchers supported their arguments from the principle and primary sources including the Holy Qur'an, Hadith, and the previous researches. An open-ended Questionnaire from a Focus Group of the educated community (Lahore, Pakistan) also helped in the research, in order to formulate the recommendations, and draw the conclusions. The recommendations of this study can help to formulate some suitable policies for the future peaceful environment in the society, in general, and in Pakistan particularly. The researchers concluded that acquisition of Religious Tolerance is although a difficult milestone in the accomplishment of peace and harmony, yet awareness at grass root level can bring positive changes in the society.
The Role of Counseling in Marital Conflict Management: An Islamic Perspective
Authors: Sadia Sayyeda
Published: January 2025

Upon the enactment of matrimonial ties between man and woman, the dawn of a family comes to light, and from the combination of such familial entities, the structure of society is constructed. The happiness of matrimonial relation, if preserved, vibrates through the societal framework, nurturing an environment of harmony and peace. Conversely, the occurrence of conflicts within spouses causes a flow of hostile impacts not only upon family but also on society too, creating an environment prevalent with disorders and anxiety. It has become increasingly evident that the intricate tapestry of matrimonial relations is decaying at an alarming rate. The former warmth and cordiality that once categorized these relationships are now declining, replaced by objections that change into aggressive clashes However, Islamic Counseling that is comprised on the Quran and Hadith, provides a comprehensive framework for guiding couples through marital challenges. It emphasizes that the marital conflicts and hitches can be fixed or at least be lessened through consultancy. The Quran, with its emphasis on patience, mutual respect, and compassion, فِ وَُ ۡعرمۡمَعَاِِشُوُُ ن ِبٱو lays the groundwork for the ethical and moral obligations that spouses must uphold to maintain harmony within the marriage. Along with the Hadith, which documents the sayings and practices of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم, offers practical examples of how conflicts can be resolved in a manner that preserves the dignity and well-being of both parties. Islamic counseling, therefore, integrates these foundational texts to address the emotional, psychological, and spiritual dimensions of marital discord, ensuring that the resolution process aligns with the couple’s faith and moral values. The positive impact of effective conflict management within the family extends to broader societal benefits, such as reduced divorce rates and improved emotional well-being within the community. However, this study adopts a qualitative and descriptive methodology, combining textual analysis and thematic exploration of historical precedents, with a thorough literature review of Islamic teachings, including Quranic verses, Hadith, and secondary academic sources. This study also aims to investigate counseling ethics in managing marital conflicts by focusing on the application and efficacy of the principles of Islamic counseling.
Estudo de Estilos de Aprendizagem para Identificação de Técnicas de Ensino para Sala de Aula
Authors: Júnior Domicio Cardoso Andrade , Matos Marilyn Aparecida Errobidarte de
Published: January 2025

O presente trabalho aborda os estilos de aprendizagem (que estão relacionados às formas de cada indivíduo construir conhecimento), explorando fontes atuais publicadas sobre o tema e analisando técnicas de ensino sugeridas por cada autor. O objetivo principal deste estudo é analisar os estilos de aprendizagem promulgados por Kolb (1984), Felder e Silverman (1988) e Fernald e Keller e Orton-Gilingham (1921) elaborando um quadro comparativo para identificar os pontos em comum – e em seguida, relacionar as técnicas que consigam atender, de maneira abrangente, os diferentes perfis de estudantes em sala de aula nos cursos do Instituto Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul (IFMS). A metodologia utilizada para desenvolvimento do estudo foi: primeiro, identificar três teorias de estilos de aprendizagem reconhecidas e atuais com indicações de técnicas de ensino; segundo - classificar os estilos de aprendizagem em três grupos conforme similaridades das bases analisadas; terceiro, consolidar as indicações de técnicas de ensino de cada estilo de aprendizagem dos grupos formados. Em seguida foi analisado o conjunto de técnicas disponibilizado no sistema de elaboração de plano de ensino do IFMS e comparado com os achados desta pesquisa. Os resultados obtidos foram reveladores, pois indicam que algumas técnicas de ensino são comuns para diferentes estilos de aprendizagem e possibilitam a oportunidade de melhores formatações de aulas. Concluímos que, mesmo havendo diferentes estilos de aprendizagem e técnicas de ensino sugeridas para cada estilo, ainda haverá um conjunto de técnicas que se adaptam mais facilmente a mais de um estilo, podendo assim ser chamadas de universais.
Análise com o Software IRAMUTEQ®: Estado do Conhecimento sobre Percepção Ambiental no Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Pinto Luana Moura , Andrade Maria Helena da Silva , Junior Marcos Vinicius Campelo
Published: January 2025

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o estado conhecimento sobre percepção ambiental através de publicações científicas que abordam em suas pesquisas, metodologias relacionadas a percepção ambiental de alunos do ensino fundamental de escolas no Brasil e identificá-las. A metodologia deste trabalho seguiu os pressupostos da pesquisa descritiva a partir do levantamento bibliográfico de artigos publicados, encontrados em duas bases de dados, no recorte temporal de 2018 a 2023. Foram encontrados 49 artigos analisados com o auxílio das ferramentas disponibilizadas pelo software IRAMUTEQ®. Os resultados mostraram que 39 artigos abordaram a pesquisa qualitativa, 34 utilizam o questionário como instrumento de coleta de dados,35 não utilizam categoria de análise metodológica. O estado em que mais teve ocorrência de artigos publicados foi a Paraíba e, 2018, foi o ano com o maior número de -se publicações contabilizadas em 15. Os dados e análises obtidos neste trabalho podem auxiliar outras pesquisas sobre o tema.
Proposta de ensino das categorias geográficas lugar, paisagem e território a partir da bacia hidrográfica como componente físico-natural e territorial
Authors: Félix Evandro André , Alves Adriana Olivia
Published: January 2025

Com base nos objetivos de aprendizagem da BNCC para o 1º ano do ensino médio e diretrizes curriculares para o 6º ano do ensino fundamental, o trabalho propõe uma abordagem educativa que utiliza a bacia hidrográfica como elemento central para o ensino das categorias geográficas lugar, paisagem e território. Mediante criação de um encarte educativo observando a proposta metodológica de Shulman (2014) para o desenvolvimento do raciocínio pedagógico. Por meio de elementos visuais e textuais, são destacados os principais conceitos e dinâmicas de bacias hidrográficas, com objetivo de promover reflexões sobre os impactos da ação humana sobre os componentes físicos naturais e conexões com as categorias geográficas. Posteriormente, o material passou por avaliação de pares que atuam na rede pública de ensino. Conforme avaliação, o material consegue articular conceitos físicos-naturais e sociais, presentes nas bacias hidrográficas, estimulando reflexões sobre o espaço habitado e as transformações da paisagem em decorrência dos processos de consolidação espacial dos territórios ao longo do tempo, contribuindo com o processo de ensino.
Questões socioambientais na formação de professores: possibilidades para o diálogo interdisciplinar
Authors: Cirilo Rolién José Vieira , Oliveira Jennifer Coelho de , Colagrande Elaine Angelina
Published: January 2025

O presente relato pretendeu discutir uma experiência de estagiários docentes, em uma disciplina optativa do curso de Química-Licenciatura de uma universidade sul mineira, que inseriu discussões relacionadas à questões socioambientais. Mais do que descrever a experiência, este estudo possibilitou reflexões sobre a potencialidade interdisciplinar da educação ambiental a partir da abordagem de questões socioambientais no ensino, bem como discutir e pensar a necessária formação ambiental (inicial e continuada) de professores como forma de consolidação da educação ambiental como um instrumento de sensibilização e fortalecimento da tomada de decisões individuais e coletivas de forma reflexiva. O relato explora dois eixos de discussão: o primeiro a respeito do relato da disciplina, seu planejamento e o potencial interdisciplinar das temáticas abordadas e o segundo a partir da vivência do estágio docente e seu impacto na formação ambiental dos estagiários. A integração do saber ambiental pode, neste contexto, contribuir para a construção da própria identidade docente, oportunizando que cada sujeito possa (re)pensar seu papel enquanto articulador pedagógico do processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Por fim, considerou-se também a necessidade de abranger as demais áreas do conhecimento, a partir da discussão do potencial interdisciplinar de duas questões socioambientais específicas tratadas no âmbito da disciplina.
Desenho vivencial e a formação de professores da educação infantil: uma experiência educativa formativa
Authors: Vicente Andressa Bono , Ujiie Nájela Tavares
Published: January 2025

O trabalho visa narrar a experiência de ação formativa e educativa, no que tange ensino, pesquisa e extensão no bojo do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa em Educação: teoria e prática (GEPE), o qual é coordenado pela segunda autora que agência ações cruzadas no campo da extensão com o Curso de Formação Continuada de Professores da Educação Infantil: diálogos e demandas, desde 2021, e, orienta pesquisas de iniciação científica que tangenciam ensino de ciências, educação infantil e formação de professores em contexto. No escopo deste trabalho trará para pauta de discussão e análise a práxis do desenho vivencial, uma atividade realizada no ano de 2022 com os partícipes da formação continuada, a qual possibilita correlação homem-meio-natureza, em um experienciar de corpo inteiro para apreender o mundo, através da ação educativa interdisciplinar em articulação com os campos de experiência e transversalidade da educação ambiental. A ação considera mobilização dos professores e engajamento para uma vivência singular, que ao promover afetamento do eu, possa reverberar em sua prática educativa cotidiana junto as crianças da educação infantil, sendo o aporte metodológico de ancoragem a pesquisa-ação interventiva. A análise que buscamos apresentar considera a perspectiva interdisciplinar e transversal do ensino de ciências (UJIIE, 2019) em consonância com os cinco campos de experiência para a educação infantil. Assim, o engajamento dos professores ao longo das edições da formação continuada e da atividade em si tem demonstrado resultados promissores, os quais evidenciam êxito da perspectiva formativa e educativa em contexto realizada, defendida e apresentada.
Reflexões sobre a percepção ambiental de Lívia de Oliveira e a Educação Ambiental
Authors: Brito Diogo Cerdan , Milani Patricia Helena
Published: January 2025

Desenvolvemos neste trabalho uma reflexão que teve como base a Percepção do Meio Ambiente trabalhada e fundamentada ao longo dos anos por Lívia de Oliveira, com o objetivo principal de abordar a aplicabilidade das ideias da autora em pesquisas e a sua relação com a Educação Ambiental. A metodologia adotada se constitui em uma revisão literária, na qual analisamos três trabalhos publicados em conjunto com a autora, em que foi aplicada sua perspectiva de percepção ambiental. Os resultados apontam para a pertinência teórico-metodológica da percepção de Lívia na contribuição para soluções de problemáticas ambientais e também para a própria Educação Ambiental.
Mineração da Bauxita como tema gerador para ações de educação ambiental
Authors: Silva Lucicléia Pereira da , Silva Natália Rodrigues , Ferreira Arthur Santos
Published: January 2025

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi desenvolver ações de educação ambiental em uma vertente freireana, adotando a mineração como tema gerador para discussão sobre conflitos socioambientais, avaliando ocorrência de reestruturação de conhecimentos prévios e/ou produzidos por uma turma de Licenciatura em Química a partir da elaboração de materiais didáticos para divulgação científica. A investigação teve caráter qualitativo com aporte teórico construído por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, sendo desenvolvida na modalidade de pesquisa participante. Os materiais para análise dos resultados foram respostas obtidas em formulário likert, enviado pelo google forms, assim como os materiais didáticos produzidos pelos discentes. As respostas foram tratadas com estatística descritiva e interpretadas à luz da teoria freireana. Os resultados apontaram que a adoção de tema gerador foi um eficiente aporte teórico-metodológico para a construção de conhecimentos sobre a mineração na região de Barcarena-PA e a geração de conflitos socioambientais, despertando relações dialógicas com apontamento de resoluções para os conflitos expressas em história em quadrinho, podcast e jogo didático.
O Voo do Ornitóptero como Proposta para Ensino de Física Associado à Aerodinâmica
Authors: Reynoso Victor Ciro Solano , Junior Mario Pinto Carneiro
Published: January 2025

O objetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar os resultados de um estudo teórico conceitual sobre a aerodinâmica do voo e da cinemática do batimento das asas de um ornitóptero, além de descrever a construção de um modelo educacional de baixo custo para uso em atividades de ensino e divulgação da física. O entendimento da teoria do voo dos objetos voadores e a sua aplicação prática contribuem para o conhecimento de conceitos físicos e fornecem motivação suficiente para o aprendizado do aluno devido à conexão da teoria com a prática presente na atividade proposta. O trabalho foi desenvolvido a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, unindo análise e discussão teórica/qualitativa dos conceitos físicos envolvidos na descrição do voo e do trabalho experimental. Introduzimos conceitos físicos sobre o movimento do ar e das forças aerodinâmicas produzidas no objeto voador, temas que são pouco abordados no ensino médio, mas que têm relevância atual. Procuramos fazer a explicação da física do batimento de asas para obter uma visão sobre como as aves e insetos voam e discutimos as semelhanças e diferenças entre o voo de um avião, dos pássaros e insetos. Os principais resultados deste trabalho são a elaboração de uma descrição qualitativa sistemática dos conceitos físicos de voo de um ornitóptero e a técnica de construção artesanal de um modelo educacional simples utilizando materiais de fácil acesso e baixo custo.
Income Tax Fraud Detection with XGBoost and Real-Time ID Authentication
Authors:   School of Computer Science and Engineering & Information Sciences, Presidency University, Bangalore, Karnataka, Dave Rushi
Published: January 2025

This paper, titled "Income Tax Fraud Detection Using AI-ML," explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) to address the growing challenge of income tax fraud. Tax evasion poses significant threats to financial systems, and this study highlights the importance of leveraging advanced technologies for early detection and prevention.

The research focuses on developing predictive models using supervised learning algorithms, including Linear Regression, Decision Trees, Random Forest, Support Vector Machines (SVM), k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Gradient Boosting, Neural Networks, and XGBoost. Feature engineering techniques, such as label encoding and standardization, are employed to optimize model performance. Exploratory data analysis, outlier detection, and correlation analysis ensure dataset quality, while model evaluations using metrics like Mean Squared Error and R-squared provide insights into accuracy and reliability.

A user-friendly interface, implemented via Streamlit, allows users to input financial parameters for fraud detection. Additionally, the system incorporates advanced features to verify the authenticity of government-issued identification, ensuring IDs are genuine and not fraudulent. This added capability enhances the system’s robustness in detecting and mitigating income tax fraud.

XGBoost emerges as the best-performing model, achieving an outstanding accuracy of 0.9973, significantly surpassing the average accuracy of 0.7437 across other models. This research demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of predictive analytics combined with real-time authenticity verification, providing a comprehensive solution for strengthening financial systems against fraudulent activities.

Let me know if you'd like further adjustments!

.

Key Words - Income Tax Fraud Detection; Artificial Intelligence(AI); Machine Learning(ML); Predictive Models; Decision Trees; Random Forest; Support Vector Machine(SVM); k-Nearest Neighbors(KNN); Anomaly Detection; Gradient Boosting; Authenticity Verification.
Transforming Urban Markets in Smart Cities: The Role of IOT in Enhancing Urban Experiences and Sustainability
Authors:   School of Architecture, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal, Anannya R
Published: January 2025

The core part of any city is its public areas including markets, these facets are used for culture, business and social purposes. Being able to optimize the general experience of the citizens, smart cities address the development of infrastructure, the modernization of governmental services, and making them more accessible, the development of competitive economics, and promotion of sustainable development. In this regard, the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) becomes the significant driving force that has the potential for changing and even revolutionizing the city environment at large.

Extending from this, this paper aims to establish the extent to which commonly described Internet of Things (IoT) based infrastructure and communication technologies can be optimized towards promoting positive experiences by citizens in markets and other common retail environments. In particular, some of them include air quality monitoring systems, proper waste disposal, management of crowds, and intelligent light control systems, which come in handy for the general principles of efficient and sustainable smart cities. Finally, we discuss some of the salient research directions for the further development of IoT integration and its possible applications in the context of the new vision of smart cities.

Key Words: IoT, urban markets, public spaces, smart cities, sustainability, urban experiences.
Comparing the speed of searching for a regular expression versus classic string search functions
Authors: Insuasty Edwin , Insuasti Jesús
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the comparative efficiency of regular expressions and native string search methods in object-oriented programming languages such as Java and C#. String search methods, including Index of, Last Index of, and Contains, are commonly employed in programming tasks. However, their performance often deteriorates with increased text size. By contrast, regular expressions offer a versatile and powerful approach to text search, making them an appealing alternative. The research employed an empirical methodology, evaluating execution times for both approaches on four computers with varying hardware configurations. The dataset consisted of an extended version of Miguel de Cervantes’ Don Quijote de la Mancha, resulting in a text size of over 122 million characters. The experiments revealed that regular expressions significantly outperformed traditional methods, achieving speeds up to 157 times faster on lower-end hardware and maintaining consistent superiority across other configurations. The findings underscore the efficiency of regular expressions for extensive text processing tasks, particularly in computationally constrained environments. Developers are encouraged to adopt regular expressions not only for their speed but also for their robustness in handling complex string operations. This research contributes to the growing knowledge of algorithm performance and provides practical recommendations for optimizing text search in programming applications.
Thse Security Implications of Language Policy in Multilingual Nations
Authors: Ameh Timothy
Published: January 2025

This study examines the security implications of language policy in multilingual nations, focusing on its role in fostering inclusion, managing diversity, and mitigating conflict. Through case studies of Nigeria, India, and Switzerland, the research highlights how language policies influence national identity, governance, and socio-economic equity. In Nigeria, the dominance of English marginalizes indigenous languages, exacerbating ethnic tensions and socio-economic disparities. India’s federal structure accommodates linguistic diversity but continues to face challenges with regional resistance to Hindi dominance. Switzerland, by contrast, exemplifies the success of inclusive multilingual policies in maintaining stability and fostering unity. Drawing on theoretical frameworks such as Critical Language Policy, Linguistic Justice, and Intersectionality, the study underscores the importance of equitable and participatory approaches to language planning. It concludes that inclusive language policies reduce grievances, promote cohesion, and enhance national security, while exclusionary practices risk alienation and conflict. The findings contribute to the growing discourse on the nexus between language, governance, and security, offering valuable insights for policymakers in linguistically diverse nations.
Application of the Cooperative Learning Model Using the Type of Group Investigating on Student Learning Outcomes
Authors: Sari Anisia Nur Mitha , Murdiono Mukhamad , Lubis Elfahmi
Published: January 2025

Educational problems always arise, such as an imbalance between society's demands which change easily compared to the capabilities of educational services. This research aims to test and analyze the relationship between the application of the cooperative learning model and the group investigating type on student learning outcomes. Data collection in this research was carried out by conducting a pre-test and post-test on two treatments, namely the control class and the experimental class, each with 30 students. Data analysis was carried out using the SPSS program, including homogeneity, normality, n-gene tests and hypothesis testing. The research results showed that the posttest scores between the control class and the experimental class showed different scores. The learning outcomes of students in the Pancasila and Citizenship education study program at Muhammadiyah University of Bengkulu improved further after implementing the group investigating learning model. The conclusion of this research shows that the cooperative learning model using group investigating has a positive and significant effect on student learning outcomes.
Biofeedback fixációs látástréning
Authors: Németh János , Barboni Mirella , Maneschg Otto , Récsán Zsuzsanna , Szepessy Zsuzsanna , Nagy Zoltán Zsolt
Published: January 2025

A biofeedback látástréning viszonylag új módszer, amely alternatív kiegészítő terápiás-rehabilitációs lehetőséget teremtett gyengénlátó felnőttek számára. Jelen áttekintő közlemény célja, hogy bemutassuk a biofeedback fixációs látástréning elméleti alapjait, történetét és jelenlegi alkalmazási területeit. Két fő betegségcsoportban alkalmazható ez a tréning. Leggyakrabban a makula irreverzibilis károsodása (mint például makuladegeneráció, makulalyuk) esetén alkalmazzák ezt a tréninget, amikor a fovea éleslátási funkciója kiesett, és a módszer segíthet új hatékony fixációs pont megtalálásában és használatának betanításában. A másik lehetséges új alkalmazási területe, amikor a makula anatómiailag nem sérült, de a fixáció extrafovealis (például amblyopia esetében), és ilyenkor a tréning célja a fixációs stabilitás javítása, és a fixáció viszszahelyezése a foveara. A módszert alkalmazták egészséges szemek fixációs stabilitásának növelésére is. Összefoglalóan, az eddigi eredmények szerint a biofeedback látástréning ígéretes módszer a maradéklátás és enyhe látási diszfunkciók javítására.
CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF SNAKEBITES IN COMMUNITY CARE UNIT: A SINGLE-CENTER RETROSPECTIVE STUDY IN LOPBURI, CENTRAL THAILAND
Authors: Subbalekha Panuwach , Chivaruangrot Thanapat , Khantayaporn Ornprapa , Jongcherdchootrakul Kanlaya , Chantkran Wittawat , Chaisakul Janeyuth , Lertsakulbunlue Sethapong
Published: January 2025

Background: Snakebite, a neglected tropical disease, might result in severe clinical outcomes.
Objectives: This study presents a retrospective analysis of snakebite data from a community hospital in Lopburi, Central Thailand, and also assesses snakebite distribution and clinical management to lower mortality and morbidity in the community setting.
Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study used data from October 1, 2014, to August 30, 2023, to determine the epidemiology, clinical profile, and management of snakebite patients who visited Pattananikom Hospital.
Results: The study included 225 snakebite patients with a median age of 39 (IQR 26-53 years), and 64.4% were male. The responsible species for half of the bite cases were unidentified (54.2%). Among 103 confirmed snakebites with identified species, there were 24 cobras (23.3%), 23 Russell’s vipers (22.3%), 16 green pit vipers (15.5%), 4 Malayan pit vipers (3.9%), 2 Malayan kraits (1.9%), and 34 (33.0%) other nonvenomous snakes. Notably, 10 out of 24 patients (41.7%) encountering cobras were diagnosed with venom ophthalmia. For bites caused by unknown snakes, two patients experienced compartment syndrome, one had dyspnea, and one had ptosis. Thirteen patients, also bitten by unidentified snakes and eligible for antivenom, went untreated due to a shortage of polyvalent antivenom, resulting in referrals. From 2021 to 2023, 20 patients (55.6% of 36) were referred (p=0.026). Of the patients with thrombocytopenia, eight (57.1% of 14) were referred (p=0.001), as were all cases with systemic bleeding, dyspnea, ptosis, or compartment syndrome. Moreover, prophylactic antibiotics (amoxicillin-clavulanate) were routinely prescribed (82.7%).
Conclusion: Snakebites have been referred to more frequently in the last three years. Even though the origins of most cases are unknown and often lead to referrals, there is a notable shortage of polyvalent antivenoms. This scarcity has the potential to delay treatment and increase the risk of mortality. This study highlights the need for improved antivenom access in community hospitals to mitigate delays and reduce mortality.
AN ANALYSIS OF REGULATORY FOCUS ON UNIVERSITY STUDENT WELL-BEING
Authors: Song z.
Published: January 2025

This article provides an analysis of the relationship between regulatory focus and university student well-being. It explores the theoretical framework of Regulatory Focus Theory and examines how regu-latory focus theory applies to the university student population and its implications for well-being. It examines how university students' regulatory focus can impact their well-being. The article also ex-plores how the alignment between students' regulatory focus and the educational environment can im-pact their well-being. Lastly, the article discusses the role of regulatory focus in goal setting and its im-plications for university students' well-being. Overall, the article contributes to the understanding of how regulatory focus impacts the well-being of university students and offers insights for educators and practitioners to support students' well-being through a better understanding of their regulatory focus ori-entation.
„Mert ezer év előtted annyi, mint a tegnapi nap, amely elmúlt.”
Authors: Székely Rozália
Published: January 2025

KÁRPÁTI Péter. Térkép a túlvilágról. Budapest: Selinunte Kiadó, 2023. 436 p.
Digitalizarea infrastructurilor critice – considerații sistemice, evoluția guvernanței și elemente ale unei agende naționale de cercetare
Authors:   Institutul Național de Cercetare-Dezvoltare în Informatică-ICI, București, VEVERA Adrian Victor
Published: January 2025

The concept of societal resilience – the central concept of the National Defence Strategy – is, to a certain degree, not only semantically, but especially pragmatically ambiguous, as the concept has not been operationalised in the literature, on the one hand, and the state societal resilience, implementable through formal, non-formal and informal education, has not benefitted from adequate levers for application, on the other hand. The recent educational reform, achieved through the two laws, on pre-university education and on higher education, adopted in 2023, does not directly contribute to societal resilience. Under these circumstances, of an inadequately designed security education and of a pragmatic ambiguity of the strategy, which means that the communication intentions (obligation, recommendation, suggestion) are not clarified, it is necessary to exceed the classical normative framework that regulates the national educational system and to design the education-resilience binomial as critical national infrastructure. Resilience, coming from the field of safety culture studies, can be considered intangible critical infrastructure, which needs a tangible system defined or possibly defined in the Romanian legislation regarding critical infrastructure, so that it can trigger the mechanism for implementing the projection of the National Defence Strategy. The present article contributes to the identification of possible projective directions of the education-resilience binomial as critical infrastructure.
Adaptarea organizației militare – o condiție esențială pentru obținerea succesului pe câmpul de luptă
Authors:   Facultatea de Comandă și Stat Major, Universitatea Națională de Apărare „Carol I”, București, NISTORESCU Claudiu Valer
Published: January 2025

Currently, operational logistics is a significant challenge: to resupply Romanian forces located in various theatres around the world. Involvement in an international mission is contingent not solely on the mission’s nature or the structures of the assumed forces but also on the requisites and logistical capabilities for supplying goods and services within the designated area. The international security environment is challenging. Political tension, military conflicts and economic problems have intensified security concerns. In this context, organizing the procurement processes efficiently is a major preoccupation for specialists. Moreover, the legal framework for public procurement opens up room for different issues. Given the multinational context and specific procurement regulations, the execution of procurements within operational theatres is exposed to distinct challenges compared to those encountered in the national territory. In this complex and ambiguous environment, understanding the legal means of addressing challenges in the procurement field is desirable. Moreover, considering the importance of procuring goods and services to achieve the mission goal, a proficient procurement specialist is a crucial asset. In this regard, the main objective of this study is to demonstrate that Scenario-Based Learning could be transformed into a useful tool for preparing future specialists in procurement.
Theories, Models and Concepts of Mission Command
Authors:   Commander of Romanian Fleet, Naval Forces General Staff, COJOCARU Cornel
Published: January 2025

This approach proposes an introspection within the existing theories and models that address the concept of Mission Command (MC) to identify the place and role within the operational art, capturing the essence of the concept by examining its emergence, development and applicability. The evolution of the risks and threats to the current security environment determines a conceptual adaptation regarding the approach of the mission command, starting from the basic principles of the concept and up to the ways of its application. The mission command concept embodies a command-and-control philosophy that is based on mutual trust between commanders at different command levels. In this approach, we start from the premise that the essence of this concept has not only theoretical but also practical significance, related to the technological evolution, the doctrinal knowledge, the general strategy, elements that define the conduct of modern armed forces. The first objective is oriented towards identifying the particularities of the concept from its emergence to its applicability, in relation to the principles underlying it and from the perspective of existing theories and concepts. The second objective is to identify command and control models and mission command perspectives within the theoretical approaches to these concepts. The result of the endeavour will be able to predict that the concept of Mission Command can be imposed as a basic doctrine, representing a flexible and decentralized approach to the conduct of military actions at any level of military art.
Doctrinal Considerations about the Seabed Warfare
Authors:   Naval Forces Department, Command and Staff Faculty, “Carol I” National Defence University, Bucharest, SCIPANOV Lucian Valeriu , SAVA Marian-Vasile ,   Romanian Naval Forces
Published: January 2025

The present paperwork provides an intrinsic examination of the seabed environment and intends to identify the opportunity to integrate the seabed warfare concept into the naval doctrine. The objective of this endeavour is to determine the place of seabed warfare in the doctrine. In addition to the clarification, some amendments to the Romanian naval doctrine are suggested in order to improve the doctrinal content regarding underwater warfare and seabed security. To that end, it is conducted a comparative analysis between different naval allied doctrines, some leading global technology corporations, and non-governmental organizations. The result of the research should support the development of a robust naval doctrine, adapted to technological advances and the tactics of using modern weapons specific to seabed warfare. Moreover, upgrading the content of a maritime security strategy, which would contain measures in critical areas such as submarine communications, energy exploitation and the use of underwater vehicles, represents a direction to follow, especially in the conditions of multi-domain actions that have effects on the maritime environment.
The Case for Enhancing the Role of Deception in Romanian Military Doctrine
Authors:   “Carol I” National Defence University, Bucharest, TOROI George-Ion
Published: January 2025

The 80th anniversary of the largest amphibious operation in history, the D-Day landings in Normandy on 6 June 1944, also brings to mind a concept critical to the success of that military operation: deception. Creating and gaining operational advantage on the battlefield by manipulating the enemy’s perception has always been a desideratum for any military force. Although the art of deception received somewhat less attention in Western military doctrine at the beginning of this millennium, it has become increasingly important in recent years due to the heightened competition between the great powers, being considered critical to the success of current military operations. In this context, the article aims to sensitise Romanian military decisionmakers at all levels with respect to the operational necessity of deception, the need to perfect specific skills during the training process, as well as to the development of an appropriate doctrinal framework that will contribute to the consolidation of the Romanian Armed Forces’ combat power.
The Digitalization of Critical Infrastructures – Systemic Considerations, Evolutions of Governance and Elements of a National Research Agenda
Authors:   General Director, National Institute for Research and Development in Informatics-ICI, Bucharest, VEVERA Adrian Victor
Published: January 2025

The rapid digitalization of all aspects of economic, social, and political life in advanced societies has produced new risks, vulnerabilities, and threats. Rapid technological change is generating new systemic trends related to digitalization. This article presents the main arguments in favour of this view and attempts to delineate the main transformations that will take place, while emphasizing their impact on societal security, including at the level of defence. It does so through the critical infrastructure protection framework, which provides a system-of-systems perspective uniquely suited to the analysis of complex systems and processes.
Emerging Technologies in Military Conflicts – Ethical and Legal Implications
Authors:   “Henri Coandă” Air Force Academy, Brașov, VASILACHE Cristina Elena , MAZILU Loreta Daniela ,   “Transylvania” University, Brașov
Published: January 2025

Technological advancements are radically transforming the conduct of military conflicts. While these innovations offer significant operational advantages, they also raise major ethical and legal challenges. This study examines the impact of emerging technologies on the legitimacy of military actions and the decision-making process, emphasizing the necessity for robust legal and ethical frameworks to ensure compliance with international norms. The military system must align with technological requirements to meet training needs and the dynamics of the operational environment. The integration of Extended Reality (xR) into the decision-making process is essential for a robust and future-ready defence system. The study calls for a nuanced approach to integrating these technologies, balancing technological advantages with ethical obligations.