bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Head and Neck Cancer Patient’s Radiation-induced Oral and Temporomandibular Joint Complications: A Review
Authors: Meidarlina Ista , Kusumadjati Adji
Published: December 2024

Aims:

This study describes complications that transpired inside the mouth and the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) after radiotherapy treatment in individuals with cancer of the head and neck.

Materials and Methods:

The PubMed database of the United States National Library of Medicine and ProQuest were used as electronic databases of articles published from 2012 to 2022 by using keywords “radiotherapy-induced oral complication,” “radiotherapy induced temporomandibular joint disorders,” and “complication post-radiotherapy for head and neck cancer (HNC) patient.” Articles were filtered after eliminating duplicates, reading the abstract and the full text.

Results:

There were 7.735 selected articles. A quick search by title resulted in 347 relevant articles. The search continued based on abstracts and 240 articles were found. Finally, 35 full-text articles were obtained that met the criteria and were approved by all reviewers.

Conclusion:

One of the therapeutic choices for patients with HNC is radiation therapy. Besides having advantages, it can also cause complications in oral and TMJ. The complications include radiation caries, dysphagia, osteoradionecrosis, gustatory disturbances, parotid damage, hyposalivation, xerostomia, nasopharyngeal ulcer, oral candidiasis, periodontal changes, mucous inflammation, pain in the mouth, temporomandibular disorders, and quality of life with health in the oral region. The type of complications is closely according to the kind of cancer, location, and staging; as well as related also to the treatment modality, radiation technique, and oral health maintenance.
Unmasking Fitness in Healthy Adults Versus Hypertensives Through Cardiorespiratory Responses to Treadmill Exercise: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Kothari Ruchi , Vrindavanam Suryadev A. , Emandi Alekhya , Vakamullu Rashmita , Kanthamneni Mohana , Vemparala Sai S.
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, and its impact on cardiorespiratory fitness is significant. This study aims to compare the cardiorespiratory responses to treadmill exercise between healthy adults and hypertensive individuals to evaluate the fitness differences between these two groups.

Methodology:

This case-control study included 100 participants, 50 hypertensive patients, and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. All participants underwent a standardized treadmill exercise test, during which heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen consumption (VO2 max) were measured. The primary outcomes were the differences in heart rate response, systolic blood pressure, and VO2 max between the two groups.

Results:

The hypertensive group exhibited significantly higher resting heart rates and systolic blood pressure than the healthy controls (P < 0.01). During exercise, hypertensives showed a blunted heart rate response and lower VO2 max, indicating reduced cardiorespiratory fitness. Recovery time post-exercise was also prolonged in the hypertensive group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The study highlights significant differences in cardiorespiratory fitness between healthy adults and hypertensive individuals. Hypertensives demonstrate reduced exercise capacity, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to improve cardiovascular health in this population.
Sonographic and Doppler Evaluation of Carotid Artery in Hypertensive and Normotensive Individuals
Authors: Kaur Harsha , Ranjan Rajeev K. , Xalxo Anima R. , Rai Nisha , Toppo Suresh K. , Kumari Arti , Kumari Rashmi
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Hypertension is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Evaluating arterial distensibility can be inconsistent, but the resistive index (RI) measured by Doppler ultrasound is effective in assessing vascular resistance. IMT and RI are valuable in atherosclerosis evaluation.

Methodology:

A structured case sheet captured clinical history, physical examination findings, and investigation results. Each participant underwent a bilateral carotid Doppler examination. Group A (100 hypertensive subjects) and Group B (100 normotensive subjects) included individuals aged 40–55 years.

Results:

When we looked at the intima–media thickness (IMT) of common carotid artery in normotensive people, the mean value was 0.49 mm on the right side and 0.50 mm on the left side. Their resistive index (RI) was 0.56 on both sides. On the other hand, hypertensive individuals had an IMT of 0.97 mm on the right side and 0.96 mm on the left side, with an RI of 0.78 on both sides. It was noted that both IMT and RI were significantly higher in patients with hypertension in comparison to those with normal blood pressure.

Conclusion:

The results depicted a statistically significant increase in both IMT and RI measurements in hypertensive subjects as opposed to normotensive ones, consistent with the conclusions of various Indian and international studies.
Investigations of the Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Different Disinfection Protocols Against Endodontic Pathogens in Root Canal Systems
Authors: Chohan Hitesh , Khullar Sanjana , Patel Ria H , Rath Jyotirmayee , Mohammed Sameera , Subramani Savadamoorthi Kamatchi
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To compare the antimicrobial effectiveness of erbium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er: YAG) laser, ozone therapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and sodium hypochlorite against endodontic pathogens.

Methods:

Standardized root canal models inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans were treated with Er: YAG laser, 5.25% NaOCl, ozone, or PDT with methylene blue. Microbial loads, treatment time, and depth of penetration were assessed.

Results:

Er: YAG laser demonstrated the highest efficacy against Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, followed by PDT. Effects on Candida albicans were not statistically significant across treatments. Er: YAG achieved the greatest depth of penetration, while PDT required the longest application time.

Conclusions:

Laser and photodynamic therapies show promise as alternatives to traditional chemical disinfection in endodontics, potentially improving treatment outcomes. Further research is needed to optimize these protocols for clinical use.
Evaluation of the Bond Strength, Durability, and Enamel Demineralization Potential of Orthodontic Adhesives on Bracket Bonding
Authors: Hotchandani Kamal Dhruvkumar , Anamika Anamika , Manimegalan Priya , Singh Johar Rajvinder , Pandey Harsh , Chaudhary Varunjeet
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To evaluate the effects of incorporating titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) into orthodontic primers on shear bond strength (SBS), bond durability, and enamel demineralization potential compared to conventional adhesive systems.

Materials and Methods:

In total, 120 extracted human premolars were divided into three groups (n = 40 each): Group A (Resin-based, Transbond XT), Group B (Glass ionomer-based, Fuji Ortho LC), and Group C (2 Wt.% TiF4-containing modified Transbond XT system). Standard edgewise premolar brackets were bonded to the teeth. Half of each group underwent immediate SBS testing, while the remaining specimens were thermocycled before testing. The Adhesive Remnant index was assessed post-debonding. Enamel demineralization was evaluated using quantitative light-induced fluorescence before bonding and after debonding.

Results:

Group C exhibited the highest mean SBS values both immediately (19.5 MPa) and after thermocycling (17.9 MPa). This group also showed the least enamel demineralization.

Conclusions:

The incorporation of 2 Wt.% TiF4 into the orthodontic primer resulted in improved bond strength and reduced enamel demineralization compared to conventional adhesive systems.
Impact of Tobacco Use on Oral Cancer Incidence among Women in Urban Slums: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Parihar Anuj Singh , Wakhle Sonal , Roy Bireswar , Vashisth Diwakar , Dupare Aditya S. , Laddha Rashmi
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Oral cancer represents a significant global health burden, disproportionately affecting vulnerable populations in developing countries like India. Urban slums, characterized by socioeconomic challenges and limited access to healthcare, are particularly susceptible. This study aimed to examine the association between tobacco use, a well-established risk factor, and the incidence of oral cancer among women residing in these underserved communities.

Methods:

A case-control study was conducted, involving 300 women from urban slums: 150 cases diagnosed with oral cancer within the past year and 150 controls without a history of the disease. Data were collected through structured interviews, encompassing tobacco use habits (type, frequency, and duration), sociodemographic factors, and oral hygiene practices. Statistical analyses, including Chi-square tests and logistic regression, were employed to assess the association between tobacco use and oral cancer risk.

Results:

The study revealed a strong association between tobacco use and oral cancer among women in urban slums. The prevalence of tobacco use, particularly smokeless tobacco, was significantly higher in cases compared to controls. Smokeless tobacco use and smoking emerged as independent risk factors for oral cancer. Lower educational attainment was also identified as an independent risk factor, underscoring the influence of socioeconomic disadvantages on disease susceptibility.

Conclusion:

This study provides compelling evidence linking tobacco use to a heightened risk of oral cancer among women in urban slums. The findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions, including health education, access to cessation programs, and addressing socioeconomic disparities, to mitigate the burden of oral cancer in this vulnerable population. The study highlights the importance of culturally sensitive and effective preventive measures to combat oral cancer in underserved communities.
Enhancing IVF Success in Challenging Infertility Cases: The Role of PRGF, GH, and Endometrial Optimization
Authors: Dakre Sudhanshu , Shrivastava Jarul , Anjankar Namrata , Shrivastava Deepti , More Aakash , Ulhe Shradha M.
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Infertility in patients with reduced ovarian reserve and thin endometrial lining continues to pose a great challenge for successful in vitro fertilization. In the present case, a patient with a thin endometrium and low ovarian reserve resulted in a positive pregnancy with a specific IVF treatment plan. It included plasma-rich growth factors, growth hormone, supplementation along with some interventional support of endometrial scratching, and assisted hatching. Endometrial scratching and assisted hatching further optimized implantation potential. The use of these interventions hence promoted successful implantation of the embryo that contributed to positive pregnancy outcome and the birth of a healthy baby at 39 weeks. This case showed how individual ongoing comprehensive treatments definitively made a huge difference in the success of reproductive medicine.
Evaluation of Mandibular Buccal Shelf Area for Mini Screw Placement in Different Sagittal and Vertical Skeletal Pattern: A CBCT Study
Authors: Abhijith A , Sahu Anshu , Ranjan Raghu , Roy Shovan , Priya Parul , Goswami Monalisa
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The continuous evolution in orthodontics introduces innovative materials and methods to enhance treatment efficacy. Among these advancements, orthodontic anchorage screws, particularly miniscrews, have revolutionized treatments by offering diverse nonsurgical solutions for managing space discrepancies and certain skeletal malocclusions. The success of miniscrews is influenced by various factors including patient-related factors (age, sex, skeletal pattern, and oral hygiene), miniscrew-related factors (diameter, length, shape), and treatment-related factors (technique, applied forces, and insertion site).

Materials and Methods:

This study used Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) to evaluate the mandibular buccal shelf area for miniscrew placement across different sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns in 63 subjects, categorized based on the ANB angle and Jarabak ratio into Class I, II, III, and horizontal, average, and vertical growth patterns, respectively. Measurements were taken at specific sites related to the mandibular first and second molars, focusing on angulation, buccal bone depth (4mm and 6mm from the cementoenamel junction), and buccal bone thickness (6mm and 11mm from the cementoenamel junction).

Results:

There were no significant statistical differences in any measurement between the right and left hemiarches. The values for the bone around the distal root of the mandibular second molar were significantly greater than the other values. With regard to Sagittal Skeletal Pattern, Class I cases showed greater values as compared to Class II and Class III with a significant difference in the angulation, bone depth, and thickness at 11 mm from CEJ. Although values tended to be greater in patients with horizontal growth pattern, the difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusion:

Mandibular buccal shelf provides an optimal bone site for miniscrew insertion with better osseous characteristics at the distal root of the mandibular second molar. Subjects with skeletal Class I and horizontal growth pattern exhibit the most favorable osseous characteristics in the MBS area. However, in terms of bone thickness at 6 mm from CEJ Class III cases showed significant difference compared to Class I and Class II.
Comparative Evaluation of Subgingivally Delivered Tetracycline Fibers and Aloe Vera Gel as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Thakuria Anurag , Agarwal Swati , Madan Ellora , Sharma Kratee , Fatima Zaby
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Comprehensive mechanical debridement, like scaling and root planing (SRP), combined with proper plaque control, is the primary nonsurgical approach for managing periodontitis. However, it may not always eliminate infection due to inadequate debridement or inaccessible areas. For this, various chemotherapeutic allopathic and herbal local drug delivery (LDD) agents as adjuvants have been used with SRP for management of chronic periodontitis.

Methodology:

A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted, comprising 60 sites from 20 patients. Each patient received three treatment modalities assigned to different quadrants SRP with normal saline irrigation, SRP with LDD of tetracycline fibers, and SRP with LDD of 100% pure aloe vera gel. Clinical parameters were assessed at baseline, day 7, and 3 months postoperatively.

Results:

The addition of 100% pure aloe vera gel and tetracycline fibers (Periodontal Plus ABTM) with SRP significantly improved the probing pocket depth (P < 0.05) compared to SRP with saline irrigation. Additionally, the tetracycline group showed significant reductions in plaque index (P < 0.05) and highly significant reductions in modified sulcular bleeding index (P < 0.001) compared to the saline group.

Conclusion:

Aloe vera gel with SRP shows comparable effectiveness to tetracycline fibers in managing chronic periodontitis, suggesting it as a cost-effective herbal alternative.
Impact of Implant Angulation on Stress Distribution and Survival Rate of Implant-Supported Fixed Dental Prostheses: A Prospective Clinical Study
Authors: Gajbhiye Ojas Anand , Parmar Vishal B. , Begum Fouziya , Hussaini Syed Mehmood , Chandra Sarath , Sonikumari
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Dental implantology has witnessed substantial progress, particularly with the widespread use of implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) for edentulous patients.

Methods:

In this prospective clinical study involving 146 adult participants requiring implant-supported FDPs, a randomized allocation placed individuals into either the control group (ideal angulation) or the experimental group (deviated angulation). A comprehensive investigation unfolded through finite element analysis (FEA), examining biomechanical aspects. This was complemented by thorough clinical assessments and the collection of patient-reported outcomes.

Results:

The application of FEA unveiled a statistically significant increase in the maximum von Mises stress within the experimental group (P = 0.032), suggesting a tangible impact of deviated angulation on stress distribution. However, when transitioning to the clinical realm, the evaluation of implant stability, osseointegration, and prosthetic fit demonstrated no significant differences between the control and experimental groups. Patient-reported outcomes demonstrated no statistically significant differences in comfort, aesthetic satisfaction, or overall satisfaction between the control and experimental groups (all P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

While finite element analysis identified biomechanical differences associated with deviated implant angulation, these distinctions did not consistently translate into clinically significant variations.
Perception of Ayurveda Postgraduates to the Introduction of Formative Assessment
Authors: Kuchewar Vaishali , Parwe Shweta
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Assessment is a key feature of teaching and the curriculum. It has a massive impact on the quality of learning. It is observed that at the postgraduate level, 80% of trainees are not observed, and the remaining were observed not more than once in their three years programme. Current assessment of postgraduate students is at the end of three years. It predominantly assesses the cognitive part and no scope to improve their clinical skills. In view of it, this study was planned to conduct formative assessment for postgraduate students with the help of Mini-CEX and DOPS and to seek their perception.

Methods:

The postgraduate students of Department of Kayachikitsa and Panchakarma were invited voluntarily. Total 24 students (including first, second, and third year) were sensitized about the procedure of Mini-CEX and DOPS. The “encounters” were planned and schedule was displayed with names of student and teacher. The type of case was decided together by teacher and student. Each student was exposed to two Mini-CEX and two DOPS). Specific systemic examination and procedures were selected for Mini-CEX and DOPS, respectively. The time allocated for Mini-CEX and DOPS was as per the type of procedure but usually 15 minutes was allotted to each encounter for observation.

Result:

Overall students’ feedback about formative assessment was positive helping them to identify the gaps in their knowledge, and motivating them to learn.

Conclusion:

Mini-CEX and DOPS were well accepted by students as well as faculties as a formative assessment tool.
Association between Oral Cancer and Smokeless Tobacco Use in Rural Indian Men: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Parihar Anuj Singh , Chakraborty Ayan , Pidaparthi Aditya , Kaur Gunmeek , Bhatt Sumit , Handa Aishwarya
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Smokeless tobacco (SLT) use, particularly gutka and khaini, is a significant public health concern in India, mainly in rural areas. This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the association between SLT use and oral cancer incidence among rural Indian men.

Methods:

A cohort of 300 rural Indian men without a history of oral cancer was recruited and followed for five years. Baseline data on SLT use (type, frequency, and duration) and other risk factors were collected. Annual oral examinations and medical record reviews were conducted to identify incident cases of oral cancer. Incidence rates, relative risks, and hazard ratios (HR) were calculated to assess the association between SLT use and oral cancer.

Results:

Among the 300 participants, 185 (61.7%) were SLT users at baseline. During follow-up, 25 incident cases of oral cancer were diagnosed. The incidence rate of oral cancer was significantly higher among SLT users (24.3 per 1,000 person-years) compared to non-users (5.4 per 1,000 person-years). After adjusting for confounders, the HR for oral cancer associated with SLT use was 4.51 (95% CI: 2.03–9.98), indicating a significantly increased risk. A dose–response relationship was observed, with higher frequency and longer duration of SLT use associated with increased risk.

Conclusions:

This study provides strong evidence for a significant association between SLT use and increased risk of oral cancer among rural Indian men. The findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions to reduce SLT use and promote oral cancer awareness in this high-risk population.
A Morphological Study of Assimilation of Atlas Vertebrae and their Clinical Implications in Indian Population
Authors: Sadamate Nishigandha , Vedpathak Ravindra , Chimurkar Vilas
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Atlas is the first cervical vertebra. Rarely, does the atlas vertebra fuse with the occipital bone, and this occipitalization of the atlas is known as the assimilation of the atlas. Congenital fusion of the atlas with the occipital bone is the common denominator of a galaxy of skull defects, several examples of bony distortion of the foramen magnum were reported by early anatomists.

Materials and Method:

A total of 210 dry skulls of unknown sex and age from Dr. Rajendra Gode Medical College, Amravati, Department of Anatomy, and various other medical, Dental, and Ayurveda colleges from Amravati were studied. Each skull was carefully observed for variations.

Result:

During the study, we observed Atlanto-occipital assimilation in 2 skulls. One skull showed complete occipitalization and another skull showed partial occipitalization meaning a bifid posterior arch.

Conclusion:

Detection and treatment of this deformity are essential as this deformity often causes cervical spine instability.
Evaluation of surgical strategy for low anterior resection syndrome using preoperative low anterior resection syndrome score in China
Authors: Pan Yang-Tao , Lv Yi-Min , Zhou Shi-Chao , Luo Dan-Yan , Sun Hao , Lao Wei-Feng , Zhou Wei
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Despite improved survival rates in rectal cancer treatment, many patients experience low anterior resection syndrome (LARS). The preoperative LARS score (POLARS) aims to address the limitations of LARS assessment by predicting outcomes preoperatively to enhance surgical planning.

AIM

To investigate the predictive accuracy of POLARS in assessing the occurrence of LARS.

METHODS

This study enrolled a total of 335 patients who underwent laparoscopic or robotic low anal sphincter-preserving surgery for rectal tumors. Patients were categorized into three groups according to their POLARS score: no LARS (score 0-20), minor LARS (score 21-29), and major LARS (score 30-42). The QLQ-C30/CR29 scores were compared among these groups, and the agreement between POLARS predictions and the actual LARS scores was analyzed.

RESULTS

The study population was divided into three groups: major LARS (n = 51, 27.42%), minor LARS (n = 109, 58.6%), and no LARS (n = 26, 13.98%). Significant differences in the QLQ-C30 scales of social function, diarrhea, and financial impact were detected between the no LARS and major LARS groups (P < 0.05) and between the minor LARS and major LARS groups (P < 0.05). Similarly, significant differences were detected in the QLQ-CR29 scales for blood and mucus in the stool, fecal incontinence, and stool frequency between the no LARS and minor LARS groups (P < 0.05), as well as between the minor LARS and major LARS groups (P < 0.05). The predictive precision for major LARS using the POLARS score was 82.35% (42/51), with a recall of 35.89% (42/117). The mean absolute error (MAE) between the POLARS score and the actual LARS score was 8.92 ± 5.47. In contrast, the XGBoost (extreme gradient boosting) model achieved a lower MAE of 6.29 ± 4.77, with a precision of 84.39% and a recall of 74.05% for predicting major LARS.

CONCLUSION

The POLARS score demonstrated effectiveness and precision in predicting major LARS, thereby providing valuable insights into postoperative symptoms and patient quality of life. However, the XGBoost model exhibited superior performance with a lower MAE and higher recall for predicting major LARS compared to the POLARS model.
Advancements in liver retraction techniques for laparoscopic gastrectomy
Authors: Daley Andrew , Griffiths Ewen A
Published: December 2024

Traditionally, liver retraction for laparoscopic gastrectomy is done via manual methods, such as the placement of retractors through the accessory ports and using a Nathanson retractor. However, these techniques often posed issues including extra abdominal incisions, risk of liver injury or ischaemia, and the potential for compromised visualization. Over the years, the development of innovative liver retraction techniques has significantly improved the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic gastrectomy and similar other hiatal procedures. This editorial will comment on the article by Lin et al , and compare this to the other liver retractor techniques available for surgeons and highlight the pros and cons of each technique of liver retraction.
Retraction note: Predictive value of machine learning models for lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer: A two-center study
Authors: Yan Jia-Ping , Wang Jin-Lei
Published: December 2024

In this retraction note, we describe the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery (WJGS ) Editorial Office’s decision and reason for retracting an article published in WJGS , volume 16, issue 1.
Machine learning and deep learning to improve prevention of anastomotic leak after rectal cancer surgery
Authors: Celotto Francesco , Bao Quoc R , Capelli Giulia , Spolverato Gaya , Gumbs Andrew A
Published: December 2024

Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a significant complication following rectal cancer surgery, adversely affecting both quality of life and oncological outcomes. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning and deep learning, offer promising avenues for predicting and preventing AL. These technologies can analyze extensive clinical datasets to identify preoperative and perioperative risk factors such as malnutrition, body composition, and radiological features. AI-based models have demonstrated superior predictive power compared to traditional statistical methods, potentially guiding clinical decision-making and improving patient outcomes. Additionally, AI can provide surgeons with intraoperative feedback on blood supply and anatomical dissection planes, minimizing the risk of intraoperative complications and reducing the likelihood of AL development.
Clinical evaluation of endoscopic biliary stenting in treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhang Chao , Li Bing , Yuan Ge-Yi-Lang , Zeng Zhi-Wu
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ) is characterized by the presence of malignant tumors infiltrating or compressing the bile duct, causing poor bile drainage, generalized yellowing, pain, itching, and malaise. MOJ is burdensome for both the society and the families of affected patients and should be taken seriously.

AIM

To evaluate the clinical effect of stent placement during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for relieving MOJ and the efficacy of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage in terms of liver function improvement, complication rates, and long-term patient outcomes.

METHODS

The clinical data of 59 patients with MOJ who were admitted to our hospital between March 2018 and August 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the treatment method, the patients were divided into an observation group (29 patients) and a control group (30 patients). General data, liver function indices, complications, adverse effects, and 3-year survival rates after different surgical treatments were recorded for the two groups.

RESULTS

There were no significant differences in baseline information (sex, age, tumor type, or tumor diameter) between the two groups (P > 0.05). Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and total bilirubin levels were significantly better in both groups after surgery than before surgery (P < 0.05). The overall incidence of biliary bleeding, gastrointestinal bleeding, pancreatitis, and cholangitis was 6.9% in the observation group and 30% in the control group (P < 0.05). No significant differences in the rates of blood transfusion, intensive care unit admission, or death within 3 years were observed between the two groups at the 1-month follow-up (P > 0.05). The 3-year survival rates were 46.06% and 39.71% in the observation and control groups, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Endoscopic biliary stenting effectively relieves MOJ and significantly improves liver function, with minimal complications. This technique is a promising palliative approach for patients ineligible for radical surgery. However, further research is needed to optimize current treatment strategies and to explore their potential in treating nonmalignant cases of obstructive jaundice.
Petersen's hernia with chylous ascites following laparoscopic total gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y anastomosis: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Hu Shi-Fu , Hao Yuan-Yuan , Liu Xiang-Yu , Liu Han-Bo
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Petersen’s hernia occurring through the epiploic foramen of the greater omentum, is an uncommon type of internal hernia. When it presents with complications such as chylous ascites, which is the lymphatic fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity, it is particularly rare. Following laparoscopic total gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y anastomosis, the incidence of this condition is exceedingly low.

CASE SUMMARY

A 62-year-old male patient developed Petersen’s hernia following laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) for gastric cancer, after Roux-en-Y anastomosis. Intestinal torsion and obstruction were experienced by the patient, along with a small amount of chylous ascites. Imaging studies and clinical assessment confirmed the diagnosis. Emergency surgery was performed promptly for the patient in the operating room. The twisted small intestine was reduced and the defect in Petersen’s space was repaired. The procedure was successful in the correction of the intestinal torsion and approximation of the hernia without the need for bowel resection. The patient’s condition significantly improved following the surgery. The ascites evolved from a milky white appearance to a pale yellow, with a substantial decrease in the triglyceride levels in the ascitic fluid, implying a favorable recovery trajectory. The patient was monitored closely and received appropriate care postoperatively, including nutritional support and fluid management.

CONCLUSION

This report illustrates the significance of recognizing Petersen’s hernia as a potential complication following gastrectomy for gastric cancer. It highlights the fundamental role of early surgical intervention in the effective management of such complications. The favorable outcome in this patient illustrates that prompt and appropriate surgical management can deter the necessity for more extensive procedures such as bowel resection.
Early identification and multidisciplinary management of immune checkpoint inhibitors associated colitis can improve patient outcomes
Authors: Wang Liang , Zhang Sheng-Mei , Chen Xiao-Qian
Published: December 2024

Currently, the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has shown notable clinical efficacy in treating various malignant tumors, significantly improving patient prognosis. However, while ICIs enhance the body’s anti-tumor effects, they can also trigger immune-related adverse events (irAEs), with ICI-associated colitis being one of the more prevalent forms. This condition can disrupt treatment, necessitate drug discontinuation, and adversely affect therapeutic outcomes. In severe cases, irAEs may even become life-threatening. A recent case report by Hong et al highlights the importance of vigilance for ICI-associated colitis in patients experiencing symptoms such as diarrhea and abdominal pain, which can arise both during and even after completion of ICI treatment. Early identification, multidisciplinary management, and continuous monitoring of patients are essential steps to further improve outcomes.
Five-year complete remission of super-giant hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatectomy followed by sorafenib plus camrelizumab: A case report
Authors: Zheng Xiao-Qin , Sun Li-Bo , Jin Wen-Jie , Liu Hui , Song Wen-Yan , Xu Hui , Wu Ju-Shan , Wang Xiao-Jun , Gou Chun-Yan , Ding Hui-Guo
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Cirrhotic patients with super-giant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and portal vein invasion generally have a poor prognosis. This paper presents a patient with super-giant HCC and portal vein invasion, who underwent hepatectomy followed by a combination of sorafenib and camrelizumab, resulting in complete remission (CR) for 5 years.

CASE SUMMARY

A 40-year-old male with compensated hepatitis B-related cirrhosis was diagnosed with HCC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C. Enhanced computed tomography imaging revealed a 152 mm × 171 mm tumor in the right liver, invading the portal vein and hepatic vein. Liver function was normal. The patient successfully underwent hepatectomy on July 18, 2019. However, by December 2019, HCC recurrence with lung metastases and portal vein invasion were detected. He started treatment with sorafenib (200 mg twice daily) and camrelizumab (200 mg every 3 weeks). By May 12, 2020, the patient was confirmed to have CR. Camrelizumab was adjusted to 200 mg every 12 weeks from June 16, 2021, with the last infusion on March 29, 2024. Although no further tumor recurrence was observed, he experienced two episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding due to esophagogastric varices, which were managed with endoscopic therapy. To date, the patient has remained in CR for 5 years.

CONCLUSION

The combination of hepatectomy with sorafenib and camrelizumab can achieve durable CR in patients with super-giant HCC and portal vein invasion. Further research is necessary to address these challenges and improve patient outcomes.
DESTINATION BRANDING FOR GAINING A COMPETITIVE EDGE IN THE GLOBAL TOURISM LANDSCAPE: INSIGHTS AND PROSPECTS OF THE GEORGIAN CASE
Authors: Abashidze Irakli
Published: December 2024

Irakli Abashidze
E-mail: irakli.abashidze02@gruni.edu.ge
Doctor of business administration, associate professor Grigol Robakidze University
Batumi, Georgia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0011-6279
 
Abstract: Destination branding with its role in the international tourism landscape is a constantly evolving field of study. Effective branding can propel a country forward, significantly contributing to its economic development. Achieving success in this area necessitates meticulous planning and execution of marketing campaigns. However, increasing competition and global fluctuations highlight the need for comprehensive research to inform the practical implementation of successful destination branding strategies.
            In the post-pandemic period, the global tourism landscape has shifted, presenting both challenges and opportunities for countries aiming to strengthen their destination brands. COVID-19 has redefined traveler preferences, with heightened emphasis on safety, authenticity, and experiential tourism. As countries like Georgia seek to establish a resilient position in the tourism market, adapting destination branding strategies to align with these evolving preferences is essential. The pandemic has also brought about a surge in digital engagement, offering new avenues for countries to reach and engage target audiences through online platforms. Additionally, in a post-COVID world, Georgia has the opportunity to differentiate itself by focusing on niche tourism sectors that align with emerging global travel trends. These shifts underscore the importance of crafting flexible and responsive branding approaches that can adapt to rapid changes, thereby providing a competitive edge in the international tourism arena.
The objective of this paper is to investigate destination branding, using Georgia as a case study in the post-pandemic period, to explore trends and insights with a focus on competition. Through literature review and observation, various aspects of the issue are analyzed, resulting in conclusive recommendations for enhancing Georgia’s competitive advantage as a destination brand.
           
Keywords: Destination branding, Tourism marketing, Georgia
 
JEL classification: M31
THE ROLE OF KNOWELDGE MANAGEMENT IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION SERVICES ACCORDING TO THE SERVEQUAL MODEL: “CASE STUDY OF HIGHER SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT TLEMCEN”
Authors: Brahimi Assia , Benabdallah Awicha , Benserir Mohamed , Batouche Mohamed
Published: December 2024

Assia Brahimi
E-mail: bra.assia@gmail.com
Lecturer A, Higher School of Management Tlemcen, LEREMA laboratory
Algeria
https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2816-6428
 
Awicha Benabdallaha
E-mail: benabdallah333@yahoo.co.uk
Lecturer A, Higher School of Management Tlemcen, LEREMA laboratory
Algeria
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2329-078X
Mohamed Benserir
E-mail: Mohamedbenserir1997@hotmail.com
Master student, Higher School of Management Tlemcen
Algeria
Mohamed Batouche
E-mail: Mohamedbatouche96@gmail.com
Master student ,Higher School of Management Tlemcen
Algeria
 
Abstract: This study aimes at showing the role of knowledge management processes in improving the quality of higher education services according to the servequal model  at the Higher School of Management Tlemcen.  Thus, a descriptive analytical approach was used to check the impact of the independent variable on the dependent variable in the light of the hypotheses of the study. Data collection process was undertaken through the distribution of a questionnaire administered to all professors working in the school, numbering (65) professors, while the study sample included (48 professors), and after using the statistical program  SPSS  to process and analyze data, results revealed a positive and statistically significant relationship between knowledge management processes and the improvement of  the quality of higher education services at the Higher School of Management Tlemcen.      
 
Keywords: Knowledge, Knowledge Management, Quality of Higher Education, Servequal Model, Higher School of Management Tlemcen
 
JEL classification: I24; D83
Soviet Monuments in Urban Space: Reformatting the Past
Authors: Artamonov Denis S.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of transformation of the role of Soviet monuments in modern urban space. The author examines the changes in their perception in the context of cultural, social and political processes, and also shows how monuments are used as an arena for memorial conflicts. Special attention is paid to the loss of their memorial significance and their inclusion in individual and folklore practices reflecting changes in the identity of society. The purpose of the study is to analyze the mechanisms of reformatting Soviet monuments, their symbolic significance and influence on collective memory. As a result, the author proves that monuments originally created to promote ideological values acquire new symbolic functions over time. In modern conditions, they often lose their original commemorative role, becoming elements of urban folklore, tourist sites or even the basis for Internet content. In addition, their transformation, associated with physical changes or recoding of meanings, turns monuments into a tool for rethinking the past and expressing modern identity. It is noted that Soviet monuments are becoming objects of memorial conflicts, especially in post-Soviet countries, where changes in memory policy cause discussions in society. The conclusions of the article will be useful to researchers engaged in the study of memory, cultural policy and urbanism, as well as to anyone interested in the history of the Soviet heritage. The article emphasizes the importance of rethinking the past in shaping the modern urban environment and identity.
ANALYSIS ON THE LEXICAL LEVEL OF TRANSLATIONS OF DIPLOMAS AND CERTIFICATES FROM ITALIAN TO MONTENEGRIN
Authors:   Univerzitet Crne Gore Filološki fakultet – Nikšić, PILETIĆ Deja
Published: December 2024

The paper presents the results of a qualitative analysis on the lexical level of a parallel corpus consisting of the Italian diplomas and certificates and their certified translations into the Montenegrin language. The results of the analysis are applicable both in translation and translation didactics, and serve as a proof of the importance of the encyclopedic knowledge as an in-dispensable part of translation competence and a precondition for the proper translation, but also as a proof of the necessity of the existence of a rulebook that would define more precisely general strategies and procedures of the written legal translation in Montenegro.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE MEDIA IN SERBIA: WHEN SATIRE ISN’T FUNNY
Authors:   University in Belgrade, Faculty of Political Sciences, Kulić Milica
Published: December 2024

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming a daily routine in newsrooms.
AI appears as an essential tool in journalists’ professional routines, aiding in faster work
processes, automatic text generation, and assisting with repetitive tasks. However, the
use of AI in the media provides fertile ground for various types of abuse, settling
scores with dissenters, and falls under the category of “weaponized defamation.”
The Serbian government is committed to keeping pace with the development and
application of AI in various sectors. However, this commitment is not accompanied
by an adequate legal framework when it comes to the media. Currently, there is no
specific law regulating this field, leaving those affected by existing practices to rely
on related legislation, which neither covers all potential violations in this area nor
prevents further manipulation.
This paper analyzes the legal framework for regulating AI in the media, as well as
the potential for self-regulation. The analysis is based on a case study in which media
mogul Željko Mitrović published a “satirical video” on his X platform, followed by its
broadcast in the news programs of Pink Television. The video, which was a deepfake
generated using artificial intelligence, mocked opposition representatives. The paper
also examines the first lawsuit in which opposition representative Dragan Djilas
won against Željko Mitrović and Pink Television, based on the AI-generated video
content that was broadcast on television. The scope of this ruling highlights both the
possibilities and shortcomings of the legal framework in this area within the Serbian
media landscape.
Human Resource Management Strategy in La Fresa Kintamani Strawberry Cultivation Business, Bangli Rency, Bali Province
Authors: Pasaribu Mika Damayanti , Widhiantini  , I Dewa Ayu Sri Yudhari
Published: December 2024

This research examines human resource (HR) management strategies in the La Fresa strawberry cultivation business in Kintamani, Bangli Regency. The aim of this research is to determine internal factors (strengths and weaknesses) and external factors (opportunities and threats), design alternative strategies and design superior strategies in developing human resources at La Fresa Kintamani Bangli. The variables used in this research are the company's internal and external variables. The data collection method used was in-depth interviews using questionnaires with ten key informants. The analysis methods used are the I-E matrix, SWOT analysis and QSPM matrix. The research results show from the I-E matrix that La Fresa Kintamani Bangli is in cell V, which means the company is in a stable condition with opportunities for growth. With the right strategy, La Fresa can take advantage of internal strengths and external opportunities to overcome existing weaknesses and threats, as well as increase the competitiveness and sustainability of the strawberry cultivation business in Kintamani, Bangli, Bali.
Increasing the Productivity of Rice Fields with the Mina Sari Cultivation Technique in Kenderan Village, Tegallalang District, Gianyar Regency
Authors: Dicky Marsadi  , I Kadek Ayu Charisma Julia Dewi  , I Wayan Dirgayana
Published: December 2024

cultivation techniques with mina padi cultivation techniques. This study aims to increase the productivity of rice fields in Kenderan Village, Tegallalang District, Gianyar Regency. The research method used is the experimental method with Randomized Block Design (RAK) with 2 treatments. Data analysis in this study used descriptive analysis, quantitative analysis and farming business analysis. The results of the study showed that the mina sari cultivation technique was able to produce 3 types of commodities with gonda plant production of 1,760 kg/ha, rice plants 6,780 kg/ha, and tilapia fish as much as 1,390 kg/ha. The sales results from all commodities allow farmers to earn an income of IDR 83,300,000 per hectare. Monoculture system, rice fields are only able to produce rice plants with a yield of 7,334 kg/ha. The rice yield obtained from the monoculture technique is slightly higher than the Mina Sari technique, the income from farmer sales with the monoculture system is much lower, which is IDR 44,004,000 per hectare. The results of the R/C analysis showed a value of 2.02 in the Mina Sari cultivation technique and a value of IDR 2.47 in monoculture. The R/C value in farming with the Mina Sari and monoculture cultivation techniques showed a value> 1 so that both cultivation techniques were profitable.
DIALOGUE IN THE AGE OF POST-TRUTH
Authors:   Faculty of Philosophy Nikšić, University of Montenegro, Ćuković Aleksandar
Published: December 2024

Dialogue in the Age of Post-Truth addresses the issue of dialogue in the period of globalization and how humans have become beings that distance themselves from genuine communication, and thus from genuine dialogue. It also explores why post-truth has become a neuralgic point when it comes to dialogue as a par excellence philosophical concept. Additionally, it analyzes the mechanism by which dialogue is one of the possibilities for escaping post-truth. The development of technique and technology has influenced the development of the crisis of dialogue and communication, but also the growth of alienation among people, which in the age of post-truth has become an accepted state. The period of post-truth precisely describes
and defines the crisis of dialogue in all fields but also offers opportunities to observe factors that will enable humans to return to dialogue, i.e., to their true, authentic nature.
RE-VISITING THE DIALOGUES BETWEEN MITSOU RONAT AND NOAM CHOMSKY: TOWARDS A DESCRIPTIVE ACCOUNT
Authors:   Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Đurić Miloš D.
Published: December 2024

The object of this study is to provide a descriptive account of Ronat-Chomsky dialogues in French and English. While analyzing the corpus data I utilize structural analysis combined with some aspects of discourse analysis and textlinguistics. In the first part of the paper, I discuss some previous and current approaches to certain pertinent terms. The second part provides a brief and concise description of some aspects of the development of generative grammar (GG), since GG is in the focus of the Ronat-Chomsky dialogues. Then, the third part provides a brief corpus description. The fourth part is an attempt at establishing unified treatment of Ronat-Chomsky Corpus (RCC). Ultimately, the fifth part represents winding up and provides certain concluding remarks.