bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic Variation in Cytochrome P450 2R1 and Vitamin D Binding Protein Genes are associated with Vitamin D Deficiency in Adolescents
Authors: Kelishadi Roya , Heidari-Beni Motahar , Akbarian Shahab-Aldin , Hasan Tajadini Mohammad , Haghjooy Javanmard Shaghayegh
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Background: Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have evaluated several genes related to vitamin D synthesis, metabolism and transport. They have proposed a genetic basis for low levels of vitamin D in the blood. The current study aims to investigate the relationship between certain vitamin D-associated gene variants and vitamin D deficiency in Iranian adolescents. Methods: In this case-control study, the genomic DNA was extracted by Real Time PCR High Resolution Melt (HRM). All measurements were carried out with triple repetition. The following factors were assessed: single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Vitamin D binding protein ( DBP, rs2282679), 7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase ( DHCR7, rs12785878) and Cytochrome P450 2R1 ( CYP2R1, rs10741657). Results: the genomic DNA of blood samples obtained from 481 adolescents. Participants with hypovitaminosis D were compared with a control group. The average vitamin D level of sufficient subjects (controls) was 44.88±14.01 ng/mL, while subjects who were insufficient (cases) had an average vitamin D level of 7.03±1.24 ng/mL. No statistically significant differences were found in the allelic and genotypic distributions between genders. The SNP frequency in CYP2R1 (rs10741657) and DBP (rs2282679) in the vitamin D deficient group was significantly higher than in the control group (p-values < 0.001 and 0.01 respectively). There were no statistically significant differences in the DHCR7 SNP (rs12785878) distributions between the Vitamin D deficient group and control group. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated evidence of the ability of the SNPs under investigation to predict circulating vitamin D concentration. Further study is needed to better understand if and how genetic factors contribute to vitamin D levels, and certain skeletal-associated disorders in adolescents.
Wind‐Driven Strain Extends Seasonal Stratification
Authors: Ruiz‐Castillo Eugenio , Sharples Jonathan , Hopkins Jo
Published: November 2019

The onset and breakdown of stratification are key physical drivers of phytoplankton growth in shelf seas and the open ocean. We show how in the Celtic Sea, where seasonality in stratification is generally viewed as controlled by heat input, a cross‐shelf salinity gradient horizontally strained by the wind prolonged the stratified period by 5–6 days in autumn prior to full winter mixing, while in spring caused seasonal stratification to begin 7 days early. Salinity straining has important implications for setting light conditions during the start of the spring bloom and for the timing of bottom‐water ventilation in winter. Analysis of winds around the time of likely onset of spring stratification between 1979 and 2016 showed that in 60% of the years' wind conditions were favorable for salinity straining. Accurate knowledge of the horizontal salinity field and wind stress are required to correctly determine the onset and breakdown of stratification.
Water Permeability Evolution With Faulting for Unconsolidated Turbidite Sand in a Gas‐Hydrate Reservoir in the Eastern Nankai Trough Area of Japan
Authors: Kimura Sho , Ito Takuma , Noda Shohei , Kaneko Hiroaki , Suzuki Kiyofumi , Yasuda Hisato , Minagawa Hideki
Published: November 2019

Gas hydrates in sediments are forecast to become an unconventional natural gas resource. In 2013 and 2017, an offshore natural gas production test in subseabed gas hydrate‐bearing sand layers was carried out in the eastern Nankai Trough area of Japan. However, permeability evolution with progressive shearing of these faulted reservoirs has remained enigmatic. It is necessary to understand fault behavior under shear, as well as how normal stress affects permeability evolution. Here, we examine the relationship between fault development and permeability reduction in unconsolidated turbidite sandy sediment from Japan's eastern Nankai Trough area using a laboratory ring‐shear experiments. At each stress condition, the permeability decreased significantly following shear displacements of ~0.2–0.5 m, gradually decreasing further with shear displacements up to 10 m. Permeability after shearing was reduced by 3 to 4 orders of magnitude compared to that before shearing. Grain crushing and compaction within the shear zone and surrounding host sediment are dependent on stress and mineralogy. The findings of the role of shear zone development in modifying fault permeability for turbidite sand are expected to contribute directly to rational evaluation of gas‐hydrate reservoir, production simulations, and development strategies in future studies.
THEMIS Observations of the 2018 Mars Global Dust Storm
Authors: Smith Michael D.
Published: November 2019

We present Thermal Imaging System (THEMIS) infrared observations taken during the recent global dust storm that occurred during the summer of 2018 (Mars Year 34). THEMIS observations of the dust storm show the distinct thermal signature of the storm and the spatial and temporal variation of column dust optical depth before, during, and after the storm. Dust optical depth was observed by THEMIS to increase in two stages, initially at Ls = 185° and then again after Ls = 195°. Peak globally average dust optical depth was attained at Ls = 205°, which was followed by a relatively rapid decrease in dust loading. Evening atmospheric temperatures warmed by more than 20 K at all observed latitudes and by as much as 40 K at high southern latitudes. Morning atmospheric temperatures were also observed to warm but by a smaller amount (~15 K) and with a different latitude dependence. A comparison to global dust storms that occurred in Mars Years 25 and 28 shows similarities in the thermal response but differences in the details of the time history of dust optical depth. Each global dust storm is unique, and the new observations of this most recent storm will provide important new clues to the physical processes that govern these storms.
Unifying machine learning and quantum chemistry with a deep neural network for molecular wavefunctions
Authors: Schütt K. T. , Gastegger M. , Tkatchenko A. , Müller K.-R. , Maurer R. J.
Published: November 2019

Machine learning advances chemistry and materials science by enabling large-scale exploration of chemical space based on quantum chemical calculations. While these models supply fast and accurate predictions of atomistic chemical properties, they do not explicitly capture the electronic degrees of freedom of a molecule, which limits their applicability for reactive chemistry and chemical analysis. Here we present a deep learning framework for the prediction of the quantum mechanical wavefunction in a local basis of atomic orbitals from which all other ground-state properties can be derived. This approach retains full access to the electronic structure via the wavefunction at force-field-like efficiency and captures quantum mechanics in an analytically differentiable representation. On several examples, we demonstrate that this opens promising avenues to perform inverse design of molecular structures for targeting electronic property optimisation and a clear path towards increased synergy of machine learning and quantum chemistry.
MDC1 PST-repeat region promotes histone H2AX-independent chromatin association and DNA damage tolerance
Authors: Salguero Israel , Belotserkovskaya Rimma , Coates Julia , Sczaniecka-Clift Matylda , Demir Mukerrem , Jhujh Satpal , Wilson Marcus D. , Jackson Stephen P.
Published: November 2019

Histone H2AX and MDC1 are key DNA repair and DNA-damage signalling proteins. When DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) occur, H2AX is phosphorylated and then recruits MDC1, which in turn serves as a docking platform to promote the localization of other factors, including 53BP1, to DSB sites. Here, by using CRISPR-Cas9 engineered human cell lines, we identify a hitherto unknown, H2AX-independent, function of MDC1 mediated by its PST-repeat region. We show that the PST-repeat region directly interacts with chromatin via the nucleosome acidic patch and mediates DNA damage-independent association of MDC1 with chromatin. We find that this region is largely functionally dispensable when the canonical γH2AX-MDC1 pathway is operative but becomes critical for 53BP1 recruitment to DNA-damage sites and cell survival following DSB induction when H2AX is not available. Consequently, our results suggest a role for MDC1 in activating the DDR in areas of the genome lacking or depleted of H2AX.
Nematic fluctuations in the cuprate superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ
Authors: Auvray N. , Loret B. , Benhabib S. , Cazayous M. , Zhong R. D. , Schneeloch J. , Gu G. D. , Forget A. , Colson D. , Paul I. , Sacuto A. , Gallais Y.
Published: November 2019

Establishing the presence and the nature of a quantum critical point in their phase diagram is a central enigma of the high-temperature superconducting cuprates. It could explain their pseudogap and strange metal phases, and ultimately their high superconducting temperatures. Yet, while solid evidences exist in several unconventional superconductors of ubiquitous critical fluctuations associated to a quantum critical point, in the cuprates they remain undetected until now. Here using symmetry-resolved electronic Raman scattering in the cuprate $${\mathrm{Bi}}_2{\mathrm{Sr}}_2{\mathrm{CaCu}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_{8+\delta}$$

Bi

2

Sr

2

CaCu

2

O

8
+
δ

, we report the observation of enhanced electronic nematic fluctuations near the endpoint of the pseudogap phase. While our data hint at the possible presence of an incipient nematic quantum critical point, the doping dependence of the nematic fluctuations deviates significantly from a canonical quantum critical scenario. The observed nematic instability rather appears to be tied to the presence of a van Hove singularity in the band structure.
Toll-like receptor 2 expression on c-kit+ cells tracks the emergence of embryonic definitive hematopoietic progenitors
Authors: Balounová Jana , Šplíchalová Iva , Dobešová Martina , Kolář Michal , Fišer Karel , Procházka Jan , Sedlacek Radislav , Jurisicova Andrea , Sung Hoon-ki , Kořínek Vladimír , Alberich-Jorda Meritxell , Godin Isabelle , Filipp Dominik
Published: November 2019

Hematopoiesis in mammalian embryos proceeds through three successive waves of hematopoietic progenitors. Since their emergence spatially and temporally overlap and phenotypic markers are often shared, the specifics regarding their origin, development, lineage restriction and mutual relationships have not been fully determined. The identification of wave-specific markers would aid to resolve these uncertainties. Here, we show that toll-like receptors (TLRs) are expressed during early mouse embryogenesis. We provide phenotypic and functional evidence that the expression of TLR2 on E7.5 c-kit+ cells marks the emergence of precursors of erythro-myeloid progenitors (EMPs) and provides resolution for separate tracking of EMPs from primitive progenitors. Using in vivo fate mapping, we show that at E8.5 the Tlr2 locus is already active in emerging EMPs and in progenitors of adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). Together, this data demonstrates that the activation of the Tlr2 locus tracks the earliest events in the process of EMP and HSC specification.
Publisher Correction: The TLR7/8 agonist R848 remodels tumor and host responses to promote survival in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Michaelis Katherine A. , Norgard Mason A. , Zhu Xinxia , Levasseur Peter R. , Sivagnanam Shamilene , Liudahl Shannon M. , Burfeind Kevin G. , Olson Brennan , Pelz Katherine R. , Ramos Diana M. Angeles , Maurer H. Carlo , Olive Kenneth P. , Coussens Lisa M. , Morgan Terry K. , Marks Daniel L.
Published: November 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Myosin 1b is an actin depolymerase
Authors: Pernier Julien , Kusters Remy , Bousquet Hugo , Lagny Thibaut , Morchain Antoine , Joanny Jean-François , Bassereau Patricia , Coudrier Evelyne
Published: November 2019

The regulation of actin dynamics is essential for various cellular processes. Former evidence suggests a correlation between the function of non-conventional myosin motors and actin dynamics. Here we investigate the contribution of myosin 1b to actin dynamics using sliding motility assays. We observe that sliding on myosin 1b immobilized or bound to a fluid bilayer enhances actin depolymerization at the barbed end, while sliding on myosin II, although 5 times faster, has no effect. This work reveals a non-conventional myosin motor as another type of depolymerase and points to its singular interactions with the actin barbed end.
Sertoli cell-only phenotype and scRNA-seq define PRAMEF12 as a factor essential for spermatogenesis in mice
Authors: Wang Zhengpin , Xu Xiaojiang , Li Jian-Liang , Palmer Cameron , Maric Dragan , Dean Jurrien
Published: November 2019

Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) have the dual capacity to self-renew and differentiate into progenitor spermatogonia that develop into mature spermatozoa. Here, we document that preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma family member 12 (PRAMEF12) plays a key role in maintenance of the spermatogenic lineage. In male mice, genetic ablation ofPramef12arrests spermatogenesis and results in sterility which can be rescued by transgenic expression ofPramef12.Pramef12deficiency globally decreases expression of spermatogenic-related genes, and single-cell transcriptional analysis of post-natal male germline cells identifies four spermatogonial states. In the absence ofPramef12expression, there are fewer spermatogonial stem cells which exhibit lower expression of SSC maintenance-related genes and are defective in their ability to differentiate. The disruption of the first wave of spermatogenesis in juvenile mice results in agametic seminiferous tubules. These observations mimic a Sertoli cell-only syndrome in humans and may have translational implications for reproductive medicine.
Virus-borne mini-CRISPR arrays are involved in interviral conflicts
Authors: Medvedeva Sofia , Liu Ying , Koonin Eugene V. , Severinov Konstantin , Prangishvili David , Krupovic Mart
Published: November 2019

CRISPR-Cas immunity is at the forefront of antivirus defense in bacteria and archaea and specifically targets viruses carrying protospacers matching the spacers catalogued in the CRISPR arrays. Here, we perform deep sequencing of the CRISPRome—all spacers contained in a microbiome—associated with hyperthermophilic archaea of the order Sulfolobales recovered directly from an environmental sample and from enrichment cultures established in the laboratory. The 25 million CRISPR spacers sequenced from a single sampling site dwarf the diversity of spacers from all available Sulfolobales isolates and display complex temporal dynamics. Comparison of closely related virus strains shows that CRISPR targeting drives virus genome evolution. Furthermore, we show that some archaeal viruses carry mini-CRISPR arrays with 1–2 spacers and preceded by leader sequences but devoid ofcasgenes. Closely related viruses present in the same population carry spacers against each other. Targeting by these virus-borne spacers represents a distinct mechanism of heterotypic superinfection exclusion and appears to promote archaeal virus speciation.
Observation of a topological nodal surface and its surface-state arcs in an artificial acoustic crystal
Authors: Yang Yihao , Xia Jian-ping , Sun Hong-xiang , Ge Yong , Jia Ding , Yuan Shou-qi , Yang Shengyuan A. , Chong Yidong , Zhang Baile
Published: November 2019

Three-dimensional (3D) gapless topological phases can be classified by the dimensionality of the band degeneracies, including zero-dimensional (0D) nodal points, one-dimensional (1D) nodal lines, and two-dimensional (2D) nodal surfaces. Both nodal points and nodal lines have been realized recently in photonics and acoustics. However, a nodal surface has never been observed in any classical-wave system. Here, we report on the experimental observation of a twofold symmetry-enforced nodal surface in a 3D chiral acoustic crystal. In particular, the demonstrated nodal surface carries a topological charge of 2, constituting the first realization of a higher-dimensional topologically-charged band degeneracy. Using direct acoustic field measurements, we observe the projected nodal surface and its Fermi-arc-like surface states and demonstrate topologically-induced robustness of the surface states against disorders. This discovery of a higher-dimensional topologically-charged band degeneracy paves the way toward further explorations of the physics and applications of new topological semimetal phases.
A rationale for surgical debulking to improve anti-PD1 therapy outcome in non small cell lung cancer
Authors: Guisier Florian , Cousse Stephanie , Jeanvoine Mathilde , Thiberville Luc , Salaun Mathieu
Published: November 2019

Anti-PD1 immunotherapy has emerged as a gold-standard treatment for first- or second-line treatment of stage IV NSCLC, with response rates ranging from 10 to 60%. Strategies to improve the disease control rate are needed. Several reports suggested that debulking surgery enhances anti-tumor immunity. We aimed at examining tumor burden as a predictive factor of anti-PD1 tretment efficacy and to evaluate the role of cytoreductive surgery in anti-PD1 treated NSCLC. Immunocompetent DBA/2 mice engrafted with various amount of allogeneic lung squamous cancer KLN-205 cells were treated with anti-PD1 monoclonal antibody. Mice engrafted with two tumors also underwent a debulking surgery or a sham procedure. Tumor volume was monitored to assess treatment efficacy. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes were assessed by flow cytometry. In a retrospective study of 48 stage IV NSCLC patients treated with Nivolumab who underwent a 18-FDG PETscan before treatment onset, the prognostic role of metabolic tumor volume was analysed. Anti-PD1 treatment effect was greater in mice bearing smaller tumors. Treatment with higher doses of anti-PD1 antibody did not improve the outcome, independently of the size of the tumor. In mice bearing 2 tumors, excision of 1 tumor improved the anti-PD1 treatment effect on the remaining tumor. In 48 NSCLC patients receiving anti-PD1 treatment, high metabolic tumor volume was associated with poor overall survival and the absence of clinical benefit. Treg infiltration, but not effector T cells, was positively correlated to tumor volume. Taken together, our results suggest that tumor volume is a predictive factor of anti-PD1 efficacy in NSCLC. Additionally, an experimental murine model suggests that tumor debulking may improve control of residual tumor.
Aspirin suppresses chemoresistance and enhances antitumor activity of 5-Fu in 5-Fu-resistant colorectal cancer by abolishing 5-Fu-induced NF-κB activation
Authors: Fu Jinbo , Xu Yiming , Yang Yushan , Liu Yun , Ma Lulu , Zhang Yiyao
Published: November 2019

Chemoresistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu)-based chemotherapy is a leading obstacle in achieving effective treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC). Typically, NF-κB activation induced by the chemotherapeutics themselves is an important cause resulting in chemoresistance. Specifically, NF-κB activation can inhibit tumor cell apoptosis and induce chemoresistance. Drugs that can prevent NF-κB activation induced by chemotherapeutics are urgently needed to overcome chemoresistance. Obviously, aspirin is one of these agents, which has been demonstrated to possess antitumor activities and as an inhibitor of NF-κB. The current study aimed to investigate whether aspirin was able to overcome the chemoresistance to 5-Fu in CRC, together with the potential synergistic mechanisms. Our results suggested that aspirin remarkably potentiated the inhibitory effect of 5-Fu on the growth and invasion of resistant cells in vitro. In vivo, aspirin markedly enhanced the antitumor activity of 5-Fu in suppressing tumor growth and metastasis, and down-regulating the expression of NF-κB-regulated genes in the 5-Fu-resistant cells. Obviously, aspirin completely eradicated the 5-Fu-induced NF-κB activation, without inducing pronounced adverse effects. Taken together, findings in this study suggest that aspirin can reverse chemoresistance and potentiate the antitumor effect of 5-Fu, which is achieved through abolishing the 5-Fu-induced NF-κB activation, suggesting that aspirin may be a promising adjuvant therapeutic agent for CRC.
Evidence of CPV2c introgression into Croatia and novel insights into phylogeny and cell tropism
Authors: Novosel Dinko , Tuboly Tamas , Balka Gyula , Szeredi Levente , Lojkic Ivana , Jungic Andreja , Acinger-Rogic Zaklin , Ait-Ali Tahar , Csagola Attila
Published: November 2019

Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV2) emerged for the first time in 1978 and evolved into two antigenic variants CPV2a and CPV2b and the third new antigenic variant CPV2c reported in 2000 in Italy. During 2014 unexplained outbreaks of gastroenteritis were observed in kennels where an extensive vaccination program was ongoing and where vaccinated animals showed pathologic lesions consistent with typical parvovirosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CPV2 could have played a role in the emergence of these cases and to evaluate genetic or pathological specificities of the virus and the disease. Using PCR and phylogenetic analysis we showed that the CPV2c variant is circulating in Croatia and is in close relationships with isolates from North and South America. Histopathological lesions and cell tropism that are known for CPV2 we are reporting the identification of the virus in glial cells and ovaries. It seems that evolution of CPV and CPV2a-c and adaptation to dogs are two independent events. Croatian isolates had specific and some unique amino acid mutations under positive selection. The effect of the alterations on the immunoglobulin binding cannot be excluded.
Versatile printed microheaters to enable low-power thermal control in paper diagnostics
Authors: Byers Kristin M. , Lin Li-Kai , Moehling Taylor J. , Stanciu Lia , Linnes Jacqueline C.
Published: November 2019

Reusable, low-power, low-cost, printed microheaters developed for practical use in in-field and point-of-care diagnostics.
Vibrational spectroscopy as a powerful tool for follow-up immunoadsorption therapy treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy – a case report
Authors: Huang Jing , Ramoji Anuradha , Guo Shuxia , Bocklitz Thomas , Boivin-Jahns Valérie , Möller Jan , Kiehntopf Michael , Noutsias Michel , Popp Jürgen , Neugebauer Ute
Published: November 2019

Treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) – a leading cardiomyopathy condition – was followed over almost one year using Raman and IR absorption spectroscopy.
Intramolecular photoinitiator induced atom transfer radical polymerization for electrochemical DNA detection
Authors: Ma Ligang , Liu Qianrui , Jian Lihe , Ye Shan , Zheng Xiaoke , Kong Jinming
Published: November 2019

A novel electrochemical biosensor was reported for the first time to achieve highly sensitive DNA detection based on photoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization (photoATRP).
Macromolecular approach for targeted radioimmunotherapy in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: Hee Charmaine , Ho Diwei , Karton Amir , Nealon Gareth , Kretzmann Jessica A. , Norret Marck , Iyer K. Swaminathan
Published: November 2019

Polymers are an attractive anchoring platform for the synthesis of radioimmunoconjugates.
Gold-catalyzed cyclization of 1-(2′-azidoaryl) propynols: synthesis of polysubstituted 4-quinolones
Authors: Wu Xiang , Zheng Lang-Lang , Zhao Li-Ping , Zhu Cheng-Feng , Li You-Gui
Published: November 2019

α-Imino gold carbene intermediate is produced from 1-(2′-azidoaryl) propynols, which triggers a 1,2-carbon migration and is converted to 2,3-disubstituted 4-quinolones. The reaction works under mild conditions and tolerates various functional groups.
Chemo-biological mRNA imaging with single nucleotide specificity
Authors: Knoll Andrea , Kankowski Svenja , Schöllkopf Sophie , Meier Jochen C. , Seitz Oliver
Published: November 2019

The combined use of “biological” RNA imaging methods based on MS2 technology and “chemical” RNA detection by FIT probes allows unambiguous cellular imaging of a C → U edit in mRNA encoding for GlyR α2.
One-pot fluorosulfurylation of Grignard reagents using sulfuryl fluoride
Authors: Lee Cayo , Ball Nicholas D. , Sammis Glenn M.
Published: November 2019

Herein, we report a new method for the one-pot syntheses of sulfonyl fluorides.
Interfacial charge transfer enhancementviaformation of binary molecular assemblies on electronically corrugated boron nitride
Authors: Tan A. , Zhang P. P.
Published: November 2019

A weakly interacting substrate can significantly perturb the intermolecular charge transfer thus properties of donor–acceptor molecular assembliesviainterfacial coupling.
Integration of thermo-electrochemical conversion into forced convection cooling
Authors: Ikeda Yutaka , Fukui Kazuki , Murakami Yoichi
Published: November 2019

We propose and demonstrate integration of thermo-electrochemical conversion into forced convection cooling to recover presently lost thermal free energy.
Bulk and grain boundary Li-diffusion in dense LiMn2O4 pellets by means of isotope exchange and ToF-SIMS analysis
Authors: Schwab C. , Höweling A. , Windmüller A. , Gonzalez-Julian J. , Möller S. , Binder J. R. , Uhlenbruck S. , Guillon O. , Martin M.
Published: November 2019

Bulk and grain boundary diffusion of lithium in the cathode material LiMn2O4: experimental data and modeling.
Unexpectedly strong Xe binding by host–guest interaction
Authors: Miao Junjian , Xiong Zhenhai , Gao Yi
Published: November 2019

A unique noncovalent interaction between XeO3 and 18-crown-6 has been studied by density functional theory.
Relatives of cyanomethylene: replacement of the divalent carbon by B−, N+, Al−, Si, P+, Ga−, Ge, and As+
Authors: Abbott Boyi Z. , Hoobler Preston R. , Schaefer Henry F.
Published: November 2019

The lowest lying singlet and triplet states of nine relatives of cyanomethylene are studied with highly rigorous ab initio methods, and periodic trends in their electronic structures are analyzed.
Arsenic speciation analysis of environmental samples
Authors: Ardini Francisco , Dan Greta , Grotti Marco
Published: November 2019

Relevant 2004–2018 papers on arsenic speciation analysis of environmental samples have been reviewed, with the focus on the analytical procedures according to the matrix investigated and the species researched.
Separation-encoded microparticles for single-cell western blotting
Authors: Gumuscu Burcu , Herr Amy E.
Published: November 2019

Single-cell protein analysis via separations-encoded microparticles.
Metal single-atom coordinated graphitic carbon nitride as an efficient catalyst for CO oxidation
Authors: Wang Shiyan , Li Jiaqi , Li Qiang , Bai Xiaowan , Wang Jinlan
Published: November 2019

Metal single-atom coordinated graphitic carbon nitride exhibits excellent catalytic activity toward CO oxidation.
Modeling of the photo-induced stress in azobenzene polymers by combining theory and computer simulations
Authors: Ilnytskyi Jaroslav M. , Toshchevikov Vladimir , Saphiannikova Marina
Published: November 2019

We study in detail the mechanism of photo-induced deformations in azobenzene-containing side chain polymers below the glass transition temperature.
Robust approach to depth of anaesthesia assessment based on hybrid transform and statistical features
Authors: Diykh Mohammed , Miften Firas Sabar , Abdulla Shahab , Saleh Khalid , Green Jonathan H.
Published: November 2019

To develop an accurate and efficient depth of anaesthesia (DoA) assessment technique that could help anaesthesiologists to trace the patient's anaesthetic state during surgery, a new automated DoA approach was proposed. It applied wavelet‐Fourier analysis (WFA) to extract the statistical characteristics from an anaesthetic electroencephalogram (EEG) signal and to design a new DoA index. In this proposed method, firstly, the wavelet transform was applied to a denoised EEG signal, and a fast Fourier transform was then applied to the wavelet detail coefficient D3. Ten statistical features were extracted and analysed, and from these, five features were selected for designing a new index for the DoA assessment. Finally, a new DoA () was developed and compared with the most popular bispectral index (BIS) monitor. The results from the testing set showed that there were very high correlations between the and the BIS index during the awake, light and deep anaesthetic stages. In the case of poor signal quality, the BIS index and the were also tested, and the obtained results demonstrated that the could indicate the DoA values, while the BIS failed to show valid outputs for those situations.
Stellar 3D kinematics in the Draco dwarf spheroidal galaxy
Authors: Massari D. , Helmi A. , Mucciarelli A. , Sales L. V. , Spina L. , Tolstoy E.
Published: November 2019

Aims. We present the first three-dimensional internal motions for individual stars in the Draco dwarf spheroidal galaxy.

Methods. By combining first-epoch Hubble Space Telescope observations and second-epoch Gaia Data Release 2 positions, we measured the proper motions of 149 sources in the direction of Draco. We determined the line-of-sight velocities for a sub-sample of 81 red giant branch stars using medium resolution spectra acquired with the DEIMOS spectrograph at the Keck II telescope. Altogether, this resulted in a final sample of 45 Draco members with high-precision and accurate 3D motions, which we present as a table in this paper.

Results. Based on this high-quality dataset, we determined the velocity dispersions at a projected distance of ∼120 pc from the centre of Draco to be σR = 11.0−1.5+2.1 km s−1, σT = 9.9−3.1+2.3 km s−1 and σLOS = 9.0−1.1+1.1 km s−1 in the projected radial, tangential, and line-of-sight directions. This results in a velocity anisotropy β = 0.25−1.38+0.47 at r ≳ 120 pc. Tighter constraints may be obtained using the spherical Jeans equations and assuming constant anisotropy and Navarro-Frenk-White (NFW) mass profiles, also based on the assumption that the 3D velocity dispersion should be lower than ≈1/3 of the escape velocity of the system. In this case, we constrain the maximum circular velocity Vmax of Draco to be in the range of 10.2−17.0 km s−1. The corresponding mass range is in good agreement with previous estimates based on line-of-sight velocities only.

Conclusions. Our Jeans modelling supports the case for a cuspy dark matter profile in this galaxy. Firmer conclusions may be drawn by applying more sophisticated models to this dataset and with new datasets from upcoming Gaia releases.
Observational evidence for a local underdensity in the Universe and its effect on the measurement of the Hubble constant
Authors: Böhringer Hans , Chon Gayoung , Collins Chris A.
Published: November 2019

For precision cosmological studies it is important to know the local properties of the reference point from which we observe the Universe. Particularly for the determination of the Hubble constant with low-redshift distance indicators, the values observed depend on the average matter density within the distance range covered. In this study we used the spatial distribution of galaxy clusters to map the matter density distribution in the local Universe. The study is based on our CLASSIX galaxy cluster survey, which is highly complete and well characterised, where galaxy clusters are detected by their X-ray emission. In total, 1653 galaxy clusters outside the “zone of avoidance” fulfil the selection criteria and are involved in this study. We find a local underdensity in the cluster distribution of about 30–60% which extends about 85 Mpc to the north and ∼170 Mpc to the south. We study the density distribution as a function of redshift in detail in several regions in the sky. For three regions for which the galaxy density distribution has previously been studied, we find good agreement between the density distribution of clusters and galaxies. Correcting for the bias in the cluster distribution we infer an underdensity in the matter distribution of about −30 ± 15% (−20 ± 10%) in a region with a radius of about 100 (∼140) Mpc. Calculating the probability of finding such an underdensity through structure formation theory in a ΛCDM universe with concordance cosmological parameters, we find a probability characterised by σ-values of 1.3 − 3.7. This indicates low probabilities, but with values of around 10% at the lower uncertainty limit, the existence of an underdensity cannot be ruled out. Inside this underdensity, the observed Hubble parameter will be larger by about 5.5 +2.1−2.8%, which explains part of the discrepancy between the locally measured value of H0 compared to the value of the Hubble parameter inferred from the Planck observations of cosmic microwave background anisotropies. If distance indicators outside the local underdensity are included, as in many modern analyses, this effect is diluted.
SpitzerSpace Telescope observations of bilobate comet 8P/Tuttle
Authors: Groussin O. , Lamy P. L. , Kelley M. S. P. , Toth I. , Jorda L. , Fernández Y. R. , Weaver H. A.
Published: November 2019

Context.Comet 8P/Tuttle is a nearly isotropic comet whose physical properties are poorly known and might be different from those of ecliptic comets owing to their different origin. Two independent observations have shown that 8P/Tuttle has a bilobate nucleus.

Aims.Our goal is to determine the physical properties of the nucleus (size, shape, thermal inertia, and albedo) and coma (water and dust) of 8P/Tuttle.

Methods.We observed the inner coma of 8P/Tuttle with the infrared spectrograph and the infrared camera of theSpitzerSpace Telescope. We obtained one spectrum (5–40μm) on 2 November 2007 and a set of 19 images at 24μm on 22–23 June 2008 sampling the rotational period of the nucleus. The data were interpreted using thermal models for the nucleus and the dust coma, and we considered two possible shape models of the nucleus derived fromHubbleSpace Telescope visible and Arecibo radar observations.

Results.We favor a model for the nucleus shape that is composed of two contact spheres with respective radii of 2.7 ± 0.1 km and 1.1 ± 0.1 km and a pole orientation with RA = 285 ± 12° and Dec = +20 ± 5°. The thermal inertia of the nucleus lies in the range 0–100 J K−1m−2s−1∕2and theR-band geometric albedo is 0.042 ± 0.008. The water production rate amounts to 1.1 ± 0.2 × 1028molecules s−1at 1.6 AU from the Sun pre-perihelion, which corresponds to an active fraction of ≈9%. At the same distance, theɛfρquantity amounts to 310 ± 34 cm, and it reaches 325 ± 36 cm at 2.2 AU post-perihelion. The dust grain temperature is estimated to be 258 ± 10 K, which is 37 K higher than the thermal equilibrium temperature at 1.6 AU. This indicates that the dust grains that contribute to the thermal infrared flux have a typical size of ≈10μm. The dust spectrum exhibits broad emission around 10μm (1.5σconfidence level) and 18μm (5σconfidence level) that we attribute to amorphous pyroxene.
NGC 6240: A triple nucleus system in the advanced or final state of merging
Authors: Kollatschny W. , Weilbacher P. M. , Ochmann M. W. , Chelouche D. , Monreal-Ibero A. , Bacon R. , Contini T.
Published: November 2019

Aims. NGC 6240 is a well-studied nearby galaxy system in the process of merging. Based on optical, X-ray, and radio observations, it is thought to harbor two active nuclei. We carried out a detailed optical 3D spectroscopic study to investigate the inner region of this system in connection with existing MERLIN and VLBA data.

Methods. We observed NGC 6240 with very high spatial resolution using the MUSE instrument in the Narrow-Field Mode with the four-laser GALACSI adaptive optics system on the ESO VLT under seeing conditions of 0″.49. Our 3D spectra cover the wavelength range from 4725 to 9350 Å at a spatial resolution of ∼75 mas.

Results. We report the discovery of three nuclei in the final state of merging within a region of only 1 kpc in the NGC 6240 system. Thanks to MUSE we are able to show that the formerly unresolved southern component actually consists of two distinct nuclei separated by only 198 pc. In combination with Gaia data we reach an absolute positional accuracy of only 30 mas that is essential to compare optical spectra with MERLIN and VLBA radio positions.

Conclusions. The verification and detailed study of a system with three nuclei, two of which are active and each with a mass in excess of 9 × 107 M⊙, is of great importance for the understanding of hierarchical galaxy formation via merging processes since multiple mergers lead to a faster evolution of massive galaxies in comparison to binary mergers. So far it has been suggested that the formation of galactic nuclei with multiple supermassive black holes (SMBHs) is expected to be rare in the local universe. Triple massive black hole systems might be of fundamental importance for the coalescence of massive black hole binaries in less than a Hubble time leading to the loudest sources of gravitational waves in the millihertz regime.
Simulation-based Prediction of Structural Design Failure in Fishing Deck Machinery a Hydraulic Type with Finite Element Method
Authors: Suwandi Agri , Lia Zariatin Dede , Sulaksono Bambang , Prayogi Estu , Widana I Made
Published: November 2019

The fishing deck machinery is the tools used to collect fish in fishing activities. Fishing deck machinery is intended to improve the effectiveness of fishing operations. The mission of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fishery Year 2015-2019 in the Regulation of the Minister of Marine and Fisheries No. 45/PERMEN-KP/2015 which is a priority is to provide assistance for fishing facilities for fishermen; it is necessary to develop and optimize fishing deck machinery. To assure the safety and dependability of these fishing deck machinery, calculations, simulation and functional tests are needed. This paper discusses the prediction of structural failure in the design of fishing deck machinery a hydraulic type with finite element method simulation approach. The results of the FEM simulation analysis are (i) the maximum value of von-Mises stress is greater than the ultimate tensile strength of the material; (ii) 1st principal stress value minimum is smaller than the ultimate tensile strength of material; (iii). the Poisson ratio value higher than the Poisson ratio value of the material. Base on the simulation result, the structural design of fishing deck machinery is safety.
Influences of Groove Angles and Filler Metals on 304L Stainless Steel to AISI 1040 Carbon Steel Dissimilar Joint by Gas Tungsten Arc Welding
Authors: Wahyu Restu Widodo Eriek , Ayu Setyowati Vuri , Suheni  , Rilo Hardianto Ahmad
Published: November 2019

Dissimilar joint commonly applied on pressure vessel application in power plan field as joining between the tank and the stanchion of pressure vessel. This paper presents the investigations carried out to study the influence of groove angles and filler metals on 304L Stainless Steel to AISI 1040 Carbon Steel dissimilar joints. Gas Tungsten Arc Welding with 120 A of current was used on this research, joined the two different metals. The 30°, 45°, and 60° were used in this welding as parameters of V-groove angles. ER 308L-16 filler metal of stainless steel and ER 70S-6 filler metal of carbon steel were used as filler metals. Tensile test was conducted to obtain tensile strength of joint and to analysis of the effect of the welding parameters to the mechanical properties. The highest tensile strength was obtained from the 60° groove angle using ER 308L-16 filler metal of 614.54 MPa. In the other hand, 45° groove angle using ER 70S-6 filler metal obtained the lowest tensile strength of 578.66 MPa. The joining process of dissimilar welding using ER 308L-16 filler metal, filler metal for stainless steel, has obtained the highest tensile strength with wider groove angle as well.
Hybrid Turbulence Models: Recent Progresses and Further Researches
Authors: Priambudi Setyo Pratomo Hariyo , Dwiputra Suprianto Fandi , Sutrisno Teng
Published: November 2019

Turbulence simulation remains one of the active research activities in computational engineering. Along with the increase in computing power and the prime motivation of improving the accuracy of statistical turbulence modeling approaches and reducing the expensive computational cost of both direct numerical and large turbulence scale- resolving simulations, various hybrid turbulence models being capable of capturing unsteadiness in the turbulence are now accessible. Nevertheless this introduces the daunting task to select an appropriate method for different cases as one can not know a priori the inherent nature of the turbulence. It is the aim of this paper to address recent progresses and further researches within a branch of the hybrid RANS-LES models examined by the first author as simple test cases but generating complex turbulent flows are available from experimentation. In particular, failure of a seamless hybrid formulation not explicitly dependent on the grid scale is discussed. From the literature, it is practical that at least one can go on with confidence when choosing a potential hybrid model by intuitively distinguishing between strongly and weakly unstable turbulent flows.
Experimental Performance Analysis of Shallow Spiral-tube Ground Heat Exchangers in Series and Parallel Configurations
Authors: Jalaluddin  , Miyara Akio , Tarakka Rustan , Ilahi Ramadhani Muhammad Anis
Published: November 2019

Ground source cooling system (GSCS) uses a ground heat exchanger (GHE) for exchanging heat with the ground. A spiral-tube GHE is gaining interest in recent year. This study presents an experimental analysis of thermal performance of shallow spiral-tube ground heat exchanger (GHE) installed in the ground at 3 m depth in series and parallel configurations. These GHE configurations offer a compromise between the conventional vertical and horizontal GHEs. The spiral-tube GHE which is consist of spiral pipe installed in the borehole provides a better performance in application of GSCS. The thermal performances ofspiraltube GHE in series and parallel configurations were investigated under actual condition. Inlet and outlet temperatures of the both configurations were measured and periodically recorded. The average heat exchange rates of the GHEs are 122.4 W m –1 in parallel configuration and 86.2 W m –1in series configuration. Heat exchange rate of the spiral-tube GHEs in parallel configuration provides a better performance than that of in series configuration. The spiral-tube GHE in shallow depth can be applied in the GSCS.
Automotive Start–Stop Engine Based on Fingerprint Recognition System
Authors: Rivandi Pranoko , Winda Astuti , Satrio Dewanto , Solihin Mahmud Iwan
Published: November 2019

Automated vehicle security system plays an important rule in nowadays advance automotive technology. One of the methods which can be applied for a security system is based on biometric identification system. Fingerprint recognition is one of the biometric systems that can be applied to the security system. In this work, fingerprint recognition system to start the motorcycle engine is developed. The fingerprint of the owner and other authorized persons will be stored into the database, then while the time of starting the engine of the vehicle, the fingerprint will be validated with the database. The minutiae extraction method is applied to find the difference of fingerprint each other after turn the image into grayscale and thinning. After the extraction, the next step is finding the ridge edge and bifurcation. The result of the image will be used as input to the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to recognize authorized person only. The experiment of fingerprint recognition system shows that automatic start-stop engine using fingerprint recognition system based minutiae extraction and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has accuracy 100 % and 100 %, respectively.
Regression Equations to Determine the Stages of Electric Current in Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) According to the Level of Desired Surface Roughness with Shortest Processing Time
Authors: Alimin Roche , Wahjudi Didik , Gunawan Hariyanto , Putra Poernomo Prayogo
Published: November 2019

Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is one of the most common non-conventional machining processes used in the manufacturing of die and mold. In the process of EDM, practitioners usually face a problem, which is how to shorten process time and determine the point where the current should be changed so that the resulted surface roughness is not too high due to the use of large current at the beginning of the process. The purpose of this study is to determine the point when to change (reduce) the current in order to obtain the desired surface roughness and shortest processing time. From analysis of data, experiment was obtained some regression equations, those are: average surface roughness (Ra= 5424 + 0.698 I) which is used to find the final current to obtain the desired final surface roughness, peaks to valleys average roughness (Rz= 5.73 + 3.418 I) which is used to find the changing point for initial currentand duration of processing time (t =103.164 + 0.4714 I) which is used to estimate the duration of processing time with the input of initial and final currents.
A Feasibility Study of Mobile Phone Casings Remanufacturing
Authors: Gan Shu–San , Anggono Juliana , Wahjudi Didik , Tanoto Yopi , Randy  , Hutasoit Novana
Published: November 2019

Remanufacturing is a process when used product or core is brought to ‘like-new’ condition, might be with an upgrade in performance. This process complies with technical specifications, including engineering, quality, and testing standards. It yields a fully warranted product. The purpose of this study was to conduct initial research on the feasibility of remanufacturing primarily on the mobile phone casings to provide information and consideration for a firm that would do remanufacturing of mobile phones. A series of material characterization on several mobile phone casings manufactured by major international brands revealed that remanufacturing is not a viable route to attempt. The evaluation shows that remanufacturing used casing mobile phone require several stages of repair, which cause an increase in the cost that can, in turn, affect the prices.
3D Simulative Investigation of Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Three Vortex Generator Types Surrounding Tube in Plate Fin Heat Exchanger
Authors: Mardikus Stefan , Setyo Prabowo Petrus , Tiara Putra Vinsensius , Wicaksana Ekaputra Made , Burlakovs Juris
Published: November 2019

Vortex generator is a method to enhancing of heat exchanger performance but still have some disadvantages when the heat transfer performance increase. One of the disadvantage using vortex generator is high pressure drop. This investigation will be compared three type vortex generators to result the overall performance of heat transfer around tube in plate fin heat exchanger. The three types of vortex generator to investigate are rectangular winglet type, delta winglet type, and trapezoidal winglet type in laminar flow. The result showed that using the kind of trapezoidal winglet pair type in the plate fin and tube heat exchanger consist of six rows of round tube with two neighboring fins form a channel better performance than two types vortex generators such as rectangular winglet type and delta winglet type. The heat transfer coefficient when use trapezoidal winglet type was increased almost same with rectangular winglet type and pressure drop was decreased more than delta winglet type.