bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy and chronic kidney disease in prepubertal children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Polyakov V. K. , Shutrova A. V. , Bolotova N. V. , Filina N. Yu. , Raygorodskaya N. Yu. , Dronova E. G.
Published: April 2022

The state of renal function in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and small, up to 5 years old, disease experience was studied. The aim of the study was to determine the indicators of the initial stages of the formation of diabetic nephropathy and chronic kidney disease. A prospective cohort study of a group of 46 prepubertal patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and less than 5 years of illness was carried out. Diabetic nephropathy at the stage of microalbuminuria was detected already in 8% of children. Signs of the first, preclinical stage of chronic kidney disease, manifested by hyperfiltration, were found in 20% of patients, impaired tubular functions — in 28%. A moderate decrease in glomerular filtration rate corresponding to stage 2 of chronic kidney disease was observed in 4% of children with diabetes. An increase in the concentration of endothelial growth factor in the blood serum and the morning portion of urine, as well as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in the blood serum are sensitive highly specific markers of the formation of chronic kidney disease in patients of prepubertal age with a history of diabetes mellitus of less than 5 years. The relationship between the characteristics of the course of diabetes mellitus with endothelial growth factor and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 was not revealed, which reflects the independent mechanism of the influence of neoangiogenesis and the reaction of non-infectious inflammation on the formation of diabetic nephropathy and chronic kidney disease. The relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 with the formation of early signs of chronic kidney disease and diabetic nephropathy has been revealed. The results obtained can be used for early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy and the formation of a risk group for kidney damage in children with diabetes mellitus.
Is there an impact of COVID-19 on the returns of the Amman Stock Exchange?
Authors: Kharabsheh Buthiena , K. Gharaibeh Omar , Mahafza Aseel
Published: April 2022

This study examines the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the performance of the main indices and corporate returns in Jordan. The study employs two samples and two levels of analysis. The first one considers the effect of daily cumulative confirmed cases of COVID-19 on the daily return of the main index and sub-indices of the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE). The time-series analysis shows that there is a strong negative impact of the daily cumulative confirmed cases of COVID-19 on the daily return of the Amman Stock Exchange index. The results also indicate that the financial sector is the most affected during the epidemic, followed by the service and industry sectors. The insurance sector is positively affected, but not statistically significant.The second level of analysis aims to test how different corporate financial characteristics might affect corporate immunity during the pandemic period. The sample includes all non-financial firms listed on ASE, with a total of 75 firms. Based on quarterly data, the findings show a statistically significant negative effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on non-financial corporate stock returns. Further, the evidence shows that larger firms with higher levels of cash holding have better immunity and thus experience higher returns during the pandemic period.
Representation of New York City in Film “Ali & Ratu-Ratu Queens”
Authors: Susanto Bella Angelina
Published: April 2022

The purpose of writing this analytical paper is to prove that every aspect of the film is like an example the selection of landscapes, color tones, production design, and storylines are very influential in raising an important issue which in the context of this film is the socio-economic issue that exists among Indonesian immigrants in New York City. This research is used qualitative descriptive methods and used a landscape theory approach to find point of view in this film. Based on the scene and from a theoretical point of view, the evidence in each film scene has an important role in supporting an argument to be conveyed the socio-economic gap that occurs between immigrants in New York. With the help of setting, character, and storyline in this film, is easily conclude that financial differences will always happen everywhere. The example is between the two in the film. To observing the habits and lifestyle contained in the storyline can be done by utilizing research related to the colors used in a scene to evoke the same mood. Sometimes, something that is visually beautiful and pleasing to the eye does not always convey deep feeling and vice versa. However, visuals and feelings/mood will certainly create an amazing work.
Existential Crisis through Conflicts in Iñárritu’s "Birdman" or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)
Authors: Yudia Yudia , Sutandio Anton
Published: April 2022

This paper aims to explore the existential crisis through conflicts in Alejandro González Iñárritu's film, Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance) (2014). The film won numerous awards including the prestigious Academy Awards in 2015. Iñárritu is dubbed as the most successful Mexican director with his other notable films such as Amores Perros (2000), 21 Grams (2003), Babel (2006), and The Revenant (2015). This paper borrows Sartre's existentialist theory to reveal the conflicts that the protagonist, Riggan Thomson, experiences. The discussion on the film cinematography is also done to show how the film visually depicts and emphasizes the existential crisis through the conflicts. The findings reveal that the main cause of Thomson's conflicts is his ambition to have a meaningful life and define his existence. All his conflicts, both internal and social, show that Thomson first exists as a "Birdman" that does not reflect who he is as a human being. Thus, the conflicts become a part of his journey to find his essence and to free himself from the shadow of the Birdman.
Pathophysiological aspects of bone tissue regeneration when increasing the width of the jaw alveolar crest with the application of piezosurgical technique
Authors: Semen V. Ilyin , Igor’ I. Bobyntsev , Gennady A. Grebnev , Andrey K. Iordanishvili
Published: April 2022

One of the main problems that impede dental rehabilitation with the use of dental implants is the limited amount of bone tissue in cases of its pronounced atrophy. According to a number of authors, about 50% of patients need additional osteoplastic operations before or at the stage of dental implantation. Objective. The aim of the paper is to assess the effectiveness of piezosurgical apparatus for splitting the alveolar crest of the jaw in the insertion of dental implants. Materials and methods. Forty adult patients (15 men and 25 women) aged 36 to 49 years who had undergone surgery for partial tooth loss on one and/or both jaws were evaluated. All in all, 48 implants were placed against the narrow alveolar crest of the jaws, which was surgically split using microsaws (Group 1- 11 patients), thin dental drills (Group 2 -15 patients) and piezosurgery apparatus (Group 3, 14 patients). The postoperative follow-up period was 4 to 6 months before the orthopaedic treatment. Results. During crestal splitting, the smallest bone reduction was obtained using piezosurgical technique, which was 0.84±0.22 mm, while with microsaws and dental drills, this figure was slightly higher, 0.93±0.21 mm (p≥0.05) and 1.23±019 mm (p≤0.05), respectively. One of the properties of a piezosurgical instrument is the effect on protein molecules, namely, their denaturation. This reduces the number of postoperative complications. Conclusion. The technique of alveolar crest splitting with a piezosurgical instrument works according to the absolutely natural and unique mechanism of bone healing - the mechanism of fracture repair. This technique uses the local bone resource and avoids or significantly reduces the use of foreign bone grafting materials. There is a tendency to a better rate of restoration of the lost width of the alveolar crest of the jaw when using the piezosurgical apparatus, in contrast to the use of microsaws and dental drills.
Changes in immunological parameters when using a combined physiotherapy method in complex treatment of atopic dermatitis in children
Authors: Elena V. Dontsova , Irina I. Ivanova , Lyubov A. Novikova , Vladimir G. Dontsov , Larisa N. Borzunova , Tatyana V. Koroleva
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in immunological parameters in children with atopic dermatitis when using hydrotherapy, non-selective chromotherapy, and intravenous laser irradiation of blood against the background of basic drug therapy. Materials and methods. The work was performed with the participation of 164 patients with moderate lichenoid and erythematous-squamous forms of atopic dermatitis aged 4 to 15 years with a frequency of exacerbations from 3 to 4 times a year with a tendency to increase their duration. The patients were divided into 5 groups: the first group received basic drug therapy (BDT), the second - hydrotherapy and BDT, the third - non-selective chromotherapy and BDT, the fourth - low-intensity laser irradiation of blood and BDT, the fifth - hydrotherapy, non-selective chromotherapy, low-intensity laser irradiation of blood and BDT. The content of total IgE, IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, IL-18 and TNF-α in the blood serum of patients was determined by enzyme immunoassay before treatment, as well as 1 and 3 months after its start. Results. Before the start of treatment, the values of all the studied indicators in comparison with healthy individuals were significantly increased (by 2.1-3.1 times). In patients of the first and second groups, the level of IgE and cytokines did not change significantly after 1 and 3 months from the start of treatment in comparison with the indicators before the start of treatment. In the third group, after 1 month from the start of treatment, the group experienced a significant (by 11-20%) decrease in IgE and cytokine levels, which persisted after 3 months of follow-up. In the fourth group, the decrease in the studied indicators after 1 month was even more significant and did not change significantly. The greatest decrease in indicators after 1 and 3 months was observed in the fifth group of patients (by 40-62%) who received basic drug therapy in combination with hydrotherapy, non-selective chromotherapy and intravenous laser irradiation of blood. Conclusion. In children with moderate atopic dermatitis, drug-based basic treatment combined with non-selective chromotherapy and intravenous laser irradiation of blood contributes to the effective correction of immunological reactivity for a long period of time.
Managing Type 1 Diabetes from Gynecological Waste: Trash to Treasure
Authors: Desai Shivani , Kumbhar Rohit G. , Bhonde Ramesh R.
Published: April 2022

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), an autoimmune disease, involves the destruction of
pancreatic β cells. β cells maintain glucose homeostasis by identifying blood glucose and accordingly
releasing insulin to maintain normal physiologic glucose levels. Human umbilical cord blood
(hUCB) cells pose a lesser risk of viral contamination due to low placental transmission during
prenatal life. Additionally, they have advantages such as non-invasive harvest procedure gynecological
waste, low immunogenicity, easy expansion in-vitro, and easy ethical access compared to
deriving stem cells from other sources. According to the published preclinical data, the infusion of
autologous cord blood cells is considered safe as they are non-antigenic. Depending on the degree
of differentiation, the ability to regenerate themselves and the origin of many stem cell types can
be differentiated. The application of stem cells (SCs) has great potential for managing T1DM due
to their regenerative capabilities and promising immunological characteristics. Due to lesser ethical
complications and easy procedures of isolation, hUCB has become a precious medical intervention.
Pathophysiologic Mechanisms of Tobacco Smoke Producing Atherosclerosis
Authors: Klein Lloyd W.
Published: April 2022

Introduction:

Despite the convincing epidemiologic association between smoking and
vascular disease, the pathophysiologic mechanisms by which smoking initiates and contributes to
the progression of atherosclerosis remain incompletely understood. A precise dose-dependent correlation
has never been demonstrated, suggesting that the biological relationship is complex and
influenced by individual genetic and possibly environmental factors. Although endothelial dysfunction
and intimal damage appear to be central to atherogenesis, how tobacco products cause this
effect has not been established. The purpose of this review is to describe the current state of
knowledge of the main pathophysiologic pathways of how tobacco smoking abets atherosclerosis

Constituents of Tobacco Smoke:

Tobacco combustion produces a mixture of organic substances
derived from burning organic materials. The predominant gaseous phase constituents include carbon
monoxide, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, acrolein, and other carbonyls, as well as nicotine and
tobacco-specific nitrosamines.

Potential Pathophysiologic Mechanisms:

Smoking-induced changes in coronary vasomotor tone,
platelet activation, and endothelial integrity are major components of both the development of atherosclerosis
and its clinical presentation. Smoking may initiate and accelerate the progression of
atherosclerosis by injuring the vascular intima. Other potential mechanisms include intimal damage
and endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and injury, thrombosis, lipid abnormalities, and inflammation.

Conclusion:

Smoking tobacco products contributes measurably to the incidence of acute vascular
events and chronic disease. The causative compound, the exact mechanism of injury, and whether
the atherogenic effect is modifiable are not known.
Synopsis of Biomarkers of Atheromatous Plaque Formation, Rupture and Thrombosis in the Diagnosis of Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Udaya Ralapanawa , Sivakanesan Ramiah
Published: April 2022

Acute coronary syndrome is the main cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide and early diagnosis is a challenge for clinicians. Though cardiac Troponin, the most commonly used biomarker, is the gold standard for myocardial necrosis, it is blind for ischemia without necrosis. Therefore, ideal biomarkers are essential in the care of patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of cardiac ischemia. The ideal biomarker or group of biomarkers of atheromatous plaque formation, rupture and thrombosis for timely and accurate diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome is a current need. Therefore, we discuss the existing understanding and future of biomarkers of atheromatous plaque formation, rupture and thrombosis of acute coronary syndrome in this review. Keywords were searched from Medline, ISI, IBSS and Google Scholar databases. Further, the authors conducted a manual search of other relevant journals and reference lists of primary articles. The development of high-sensitivity troponin assays facilitates earlier exclusion of acute coronary syndrome, contributing to a reduced length of stay at the emergency department, and earlier treatment resulting in better outcomes. Although researchers have investigated biomarkers of atheromatous plaque formation, rupture and thrombosis to help early diagnosis of cardiac ischemia, most of them necessitate validation from further analysis. Among these biomarkers, pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and endothelial cell-specific molecule- 1(endocan) have shown promising results in the early diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome but need further evaluation. However, the use of a combination of biomarkers representing varying pathophysiological mechanisms of cardiac ischemia will support risk assessment, diagnosis and prognosis in these patients and this is the way forward.
Recent Patents on Cooling System of CNC Machine Tools
Authors: Li Zhaolong , Wang Baodong
Published: April 2022

With the development of machine tools for high precision and high automation, the
problem of thermal deformation has become very prominent. As the spindle speed, feed rate, and
effective working time of CNC machine tools are much higher than those of ordinary machine
tools, the influence of heat generation and thermal deformation of machine tools on machining
accuracy is far greater than that of ordinary machine tools. High-efficiency, high-precision processing
machine tools, and CNC machine tools require high accuracy and stability. Therefore, the
design and manufacturing of CNC machine tools must fully consider the impact of thermal deformation
on machining accuracy and take corresponding measures. The cooling of the CNC machine
tools can improve the machining efficiency of the machine tools, the quality of parts processing,
and the service life of the CNC machine tools. Various representative patents and papers
on the cooling of CNC machine tools at home and abroad have been reviewed. By summarizing a
large number of patents and papers on the cooling of CNC machine tools, the cooling methods
and methods of CNC machine tools, the recovery, and treatment of coolant are analyzed, and the
development trend of CNC machine tools is discussed. The improvement of the CNC machine
tools cooling system has a great impact on improving machining accuracy, efficiency, and stability.
Therefore, more patents on CNC machine tool cooling systems will emerge in the future.
Patient-Generated Health Photos and Videos Across Health and Well-being Contexts: Scoping Review
Authors: Ploderer Bernd , Rezaei Aghdam Atae , Burns Kara
Published: April 2022

Background

Patient-generated health data are increasingly used to record health and well-being concerns and engage patients in clinical care. Patient-generated photographs and videos are accessible and meaningful to patients, making them especially relevant during the current COVID-19 pandemic. However, a systematic review of photos and videos used by patients across different areas of health and well-being is lacking.

Objective

This review aims to synthesize the existing literature on the health and well-being contexts in which patient-generated photos and videos are used, the value gained by patients and health professionals, and the challenges experienced.

Methods

Guided by a framework for scoping reviews, we searched eight health databases (CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science) and one computing database (ACM), returning a total of 28,567 studies. After removing duplicates and screening based on the predefined inclusion criteria, we identified 110 relevant articles. Data were charted and articles were analyzed following an iterative thematic approach with the assistance of NVivo software (version 12; QSR International).

Results

Patient-generated photos and videos are used across a wide range of health care services (39/110, 35.5% articles), for example, to diagnose skin lesions, assess dietary intake, and reflect on personal experiences during therapy. In addition, patients use them to self-manage health and well-being concerns (33/110, 30%) and to share personal health experiences via social media (36/110, 32.7%). Photos and videos create significant value for health care (59/110, 53.6%), where images support diagnosis, explanation, and treatment (functional value). They also provide value directly to patients through enhanced self-determination (39/110, 35.4%), social (33/110, 30%), and emotional support (21/110, 19.1%). However, several challenges emerge when patients create, share, and examine photos and videos, such as limited accessibility (16/110, 14.5%), incomplete image sets (23/110, 20.9%), and misinformation through photos and videos shared on social media (17/110, 15.5%).

Conclusions

This review shows that photos and videos engage patients in meaningful ways across different health care activities (eg, diagnosis, treatment, and self-care) for various health conditions. Although photos and videos require effort to capture and involve challenges when patients want to use them in health care, they also engage and empower patients, generating unique value. This review highlights areas for future research and strategies for addressing these challenges.
Technology-Mediated Enrichment in Aged Care: Survey and Interview Study (Preprint)
Authors: Waycott Jenny , Zhao Wei , Kelly Ryan M , Robertson Elena
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Digital technologies such as virtual reality (VR), humanoid robots, and digital companion pets have the potential to provide social and emotional enrichment for people living in aged care. However, there is currently limited knowledge about how technologies are being used to provide enrichment, what benefits they provide, and what challenges arise when deploying these technologies in aged care settings.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate how digital technologies are being used for social and emotional enrichment in the Australian aged care industry and identify the benefits and challenges of using technology for enrichment in aged care.

METHODS

A web-based survey (N=20) was distributed among people working in the Australian aged care sector. The survey collected information about the types of technologies being deployed and their perceived value. The survey was followed by semistructured interviews (N=12) with aged care workers and technology developers to investigate their experiences of deploying technologies with older adults living in aged care. Survey data were analyzed using summary descriptive statistics and categorizing open-ended text responses. Interview data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.

RESULTS

The survey revealed that a range of commercial technologies, such as VR, tablet devices, and mobile phones, are being used in aged care to support social activities and provide entertainment. Respondents had differing views about the value of emerging technologies, such as VR, social robots, and robot pets, but were more united in their views about the value of videoconferencing. Interviews revealed 4 types of technology-mediated enrichment experiences: enhancing social engagement, virtually leaving the care home, reconnecting with personal interests, and providing entertainment and distraction. Our analysis identified 5 barriers: resource constraints, the need to select appropriate devices and apps, client challenges, limited staff and organizational support, and family resistance.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates that technologies can be used in aged care to create personally meaningful enrichment experiences for aged care clients. To maximize the effectiveness of technology-mediated enrichment, we argue that a person-centered care approach is crucial. Although enrichment experiences can be created using available technologies, they must be carefully selected and co-deployed with aged care clients. However, significant changes may be required within organizations to allow caregivers to facilitate individual technology-based activities for enrichment.
Assessing the Accessibility of Content for Hospice and Palliative Fellowship Programs (Preprint)
Authors: Zhou Yuan , Liu Wenxue , Gurijala Nyshidha , Quan Theodore , Aligabi Zahra , Nguyen Kenneth T. , Aligabi Nurfatimeh , Aligabi Hussein , Li Yuqiang , Wei Chapman , Al-Beyati Refka
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

There has been an increasing trend in patients seeking palliative care in both inpatient and outpatient settings. A majority of the US population that receives palliative care is over 65 years old. It is projected that the geriatric population will increase 55% by 2030. As the geriatric population continues to increase, it becomes important to have a sufficient number of high-quality trained hospice and palliative medicine (HPM) physicians. To increase the supply of HPM physicians, HPM fellowship programs need to have effective recruitment strategies. Websites can be effective tools in engaging and recruiting applicants.

OBJECTIVE

This study evaluates the accessibility and website content of HPM fellowship programs.

METHODS

A list of accredited HPM fellowship programs was obtained from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Education Public Directory in May 2020. Programs without a website were excluded. Website accessibility and content evaluation were assessed. Evaluation of website content was broken down into three domains that previous studies have shown are information that applicants seek on websites- Program Content, Applicant/Recruitment Content, and Education Content.

RESULTS

151 HPM websites were included for analysis. On average, program websites were easily accessible within 1 click from a ‘Google’ search. Upon assessing program content, all programs provided a description. 74.2% of websites provided the program director’s name. Less than 50% of websites provide the program’s address, phone number, or email-address. 44.4% provided the names of the current fellows, and 66.2% provided a faculty list. Upon assessing application/recruitment content, 46% of websites provide information about general application requirements. While most websites do not provide the number of letter of recommendations needed, 42.4% ask for three letters. 13.2% of websites indicate a submission deadline. Upon examining education content, 66.9% of websites provided information about didactics and 55.0% provided information about journal club. Roughly 74% provided information about rotation schedule, clinic responsibility, and research opportunities.

CONCLUSIONS

There remains a paucity in valuable web-based information to applicants of HPM fellowships. HPM fellowship program websites need to be updated to help applicants make informed decisions and increase recruitment into HPM fellowship programs.
Peer Review of “Modeling Years of Life Lost Due to COVID-19, Socioeconomic Status, and Nonpharmaceutical Interventions: Development of a Prediction Model” (Preprint)
Authors:   Anonymous
Published: April 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a peer review report related to MS#30144.
Hydroponics Farming Using IoT
Authors: Rajendra Ms. Sabale Snehal , Shrinivas Mrs. Shirkande Aparna
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Agriculture is the main part of India’s economical activity. Our experience demonstrated the relationship between agricultural growth and economic wealth .We need an advance technology which can improve continuously the productivity, profitability, quality of our major farming systems. One solution to improve this agriculture growth is soil less culture. Hydroponics or soil less culture gives opportunities to provide optimal conditions for plant growth and thus higher yields can be obtained as compared to open field agriculture. Hydroponics gives a means of control over soil-borne diseases and pests .The objective of this venture is to develop a hydroponic framework which will be completely programmed and coordinated for business aptitudes. Keywords: Hydroponics farming, IOT, Soil-less culture.
Indian Economy amid Russia-Ukraine Conflict
Authors: Parihar Sarita , Kumar Dr. Pupinder , Khanday Dr. Muzaffer Ahmad
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Amid the Russia-Ukraine war India has very well managed it’s relationship with Russia while in a dramatic manner is getting closer to United states strategically but Russia’s invasion of Ukraine will make it hard for India to hold it for a longer time. There are many Indian officials who consider Russian invasion as “Europe’s problem”. Russia is the largest supplier of key armaments to India. India also runs a trade deficit with Russia, with declining in the exports while the imports have gone up; oil is the major part of our import basket. The conflict is a chance for India to become an exporter of the wheat in the global market. Keywords: Import, Oil, Export, Strategically, Invasion, Supplier
O CORPO DO ANALISTA NA CLÍNICA PSICANALÍTICA COM CRIANÇAS AUTISTAS
Authors: Almeida Luana Souza de Deus Neto , Pinto Priscila Santarém , Dias Tatiane Santos
Published: April 2022

The increase in the number of children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder invites us to reflect on what would be causing this effect, making it a Public Health issue, since these demands are directed to children's Reference Units. The research used was of the clinical-qualitative type (TURATO, 2013), based on the psychoanalytic theory, being analyzed from a clinical case. This work was submitted to and approved by the Research Ethics Committee, under protocol number 2,218,982. The experiences in the consultations provided reflections on the role of the analyst's body in the treatment of autistic children, understanding it as a facilitator in the construction of a bond between therapist-patient and a holding environment that welcomes the individual in its own way. Research on the analyst's body becomes relevant, since it can be understood as an instrument of action for the professional who works in the autism clinic. From this, the objective was to demonstrate the effects of the analyst's body function in the treatment of a child with suspected diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder. It is concluded that the analyst's body, when serving as a welcoming environment, favors the construction of a sensorial relationship and the emergence of the Self.
Стратегия архитектурного проектирования китайских больниц в условиях профилактики эпидемий
Authors: Чунян Чжан , Лысая Дарья
Published: April 2022

В Китае профилактика пандемии C0VID-19 достигла значительных результатов. Система здравоохранения по­степенно улучшает практику регулярной профилактики пандемии, где главным элементом являются больницы. Во время вспышки пандемии больницы сыграли важную роль в спасении жизней и укреплении здоровья населения. Тем не менее были выявлены некоторые недостатки в конструктивных и планировочных системах больниц. В статье представлены положения стратегии проектирования медицинскихучреждений при учёте «сочетания обычного и санитарно-эпидемиологического режимов», основанного на принципах профилактики эпидемий. Стратегия предполагает, что проектное решение планировки больницы должно быть устойчивым и гибким, быстро переключаться в «санитарно­эпидемиологический режим» и при этом учитывать функции и эксплуатационные расходы «обычного режима». Статья ис­следует вопросы, связанные с повышением эффективности использования ресурсов больницы и интеграции их для бу­дущих чрезвычайных ситуаций на основе схемы разделения основных потоков (пациентов, медперсонала, материалов), схем зонирования отделений неотложной помощи, отделе­ний для приёма пациентов с повышенной температурой и стационарных отделений, применения, создание лечебной медицинской среды методами терапевтического ландшафт­ного дизайна и с использованием интеллектуальных систем1.
Статья подготовлена на основании работ «Исследование методов реконструкции больниц общего профиля, расположенных в субтропическом климате, с целью улучшения их комплексной работы» (тема № 51778231) и «Исследование планировочной структуры больниц с применением систем интеллектуальной логистики» (тема № 52178015), выполненных при поддержке Национального фонда естественных наук Китая.
РААСН - 30: к истории создания
Authors: Есаулов Георгий
Published: April 2022

Истоки академической, в том числе архитектурной, деятельности в России уходят вглубь истории, к моменту подписания российским императором Петром I в 1724 году Указа о создании Академии наук и художеств. Отсчёт времени архитектурной академической идеи связывают с Указом Екатерины II 1764 года.Этим указом была узаконена деятельность открытой в 1758 году Елизаветой Петровной Академии трёх знатнейших художеств – живописи, художества и архитектуры...
Невидимый город
Authors: Юдинцев Владимир
Published: April 2022

Приводятся данные о взаимозависимости между уплотнением квартальной застройки, повышением плотности УДС и, соответственно, размерами кварталов исторической части Москвы. Устанавливается, что с двадцатых годов XX века Москва, как и другие города России, уплотняла застройку не только без развития УДС, но, напротив, сокращая число улиц и переулков, укрупняя застройку и размеры городских кварталов. В результате огромное количество кварталов исторической Москвы укрупнилось, утратило внутреннюю структуру и наполнилось хаотичной застройкой, что в итоге привело к спазмам поредевшей уличной сети и средовому дискомфорту. Проведён сравнительный анализ соотношения плотности застройки и улично-дорожной сети по 20-ти крупнейшим городам России и Европы, показавший  невозможность дальнейшего увеличения плотности исторической части российских городов без увеличения плотности УДС за счёт структурного деления больших кварталов. Рассматриваются возможности «возвратного» увеличения коммуникационного потенциала кварталов исторической части Москвы и упорядочения их внутреннего устройства.
A Modified Portable Health Clinic System for Coronavirus Hotspot Areas
Authors: Qassab Mustafa , Ali Qutaiba
Published: April 2022

This study applied the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines to
redesign the Portable Health Clinic (PHC), as a Remote Healthcare System
(RHS), for the spread of COVID-19 containment. Additionally, the
proposed system not only collects people data but also classifies the
case according to the the main symptoms of coronavirus using the
COVID-19 triage process (CT-process) based on the analysis of
measurement readings taken from patients, where drones are used as a PHC
platform and are equipped with the required sensors and essential
COVID-19 medications for testing and treating people at their doorstep
autonomously when a full curfew is imposed.
BAW RF Filter Based on Single Crystal AlN-on-SiC Resonator
Authors: Ding Rui , Dong Shurong , Xuan Weipeng , Zhang Biao , Gao Feng , Jin Hao , Luo Jikui
Published: April 2022

This Letter reports a new bulk acoustic wave (BAW) filter based on
single crystal AlN piezoelectric film which has the potential
application in 5G wireless communication. The single crystal AlN is
deposited on SiC substrate by MOCVD and the air-cavity structure BAW
device is fabricated. Testing results show that the fabricated
resonators have Q-factor up to 837 and electromechanical coupling
coefficient up to 7.2% with resonant frequency 3.2 GHz. The ladder-type
filters are also developed on the same wafer, which have a center
frequency of 3.38 GHz and 3 dB bandwidth 160 MHz, minimum insertion loss
of 1.5 dB, and out-of-band rejection above 31dB. High performance of the
filters comes from low defects of the single crystal AlN film, which
demonstrates promising potential of single crystal AlN filters in 5G and
future 6G applications.
Vaginal packing after vaginal hysterectomy with or without colporrhaphy: systematic review and recommendations.
Authors: Porta-Roda Oriol , Cornet-Cortada Ariana , Font-Vilamitjana Albert , Huguet-Galofré Eva , Lleberia-Juanós Judith , Solà-Arnau Ivan
Published: April 2022

Background. Vaginal packing is often used after vaginal hysterectomy to
reduce the risk of haemorrhagic and infectious complications, but the
procedure may impair spontaneous bladder emptying and necessitate
permanent bladder catheterization that itself increases the risk of
urinary infection, patient bother, delayed discharge, and increased
costs. Objectives. This systematic review aimed to assess the
complications and outcomes associated with vaginal packing after vaginal
hysterectomy (with or without colporrhaphy). Search Strategy. We
conducted a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items
for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement. Selection
Criteria. We used the Population, Interventions, Comparators, Outcomes,
and Study design (PICOS) framework to define eligibility. Predefined
outcomes were: i) vaginal bleeding and blood loss, ii) postoperative
pain, iii) acute urinary retention, iv) hospital length of stay, and v)
mid-term complications, such as vaginal cuff collection or infection.
Data Collection and Analysis. Following data synthesis and subgroup
analyses, we assessed the certainty of evidence according to GRADE
guidance and formulated a clinical recommendation. Main Results. The
review included four clinical trials (involving 337 participants). These
provided no clear evidence that vaginal packing led to clinically
meaningful reductions in adverse effects, such as vaginal bleeding,
hematoma formation, or postoperative vaginal cuff infection. Overall,
the intervention produced no clear benefit on the predefined outcomes.
Conclusions. Routine vaginal packing after vaginal hysterectomy had no
clear benefit on outcomes. We therefore advise against this procedure.
Funding. The Catalan Society of Obstetrics and Gynaecology granted
funding to conduct this work.
Feasibility of oncology clinical trial-embedded evaluation of social determinants of health
Authors: Aziz-Bose Rahela , Zheng Daniel , Umaretiya Puja , Ilcisin Lenka , Stevenson Kristen , Koch Victoria , Valenzuela Ariana , Cole Peter , Gennarini Lisa , Kahn Justine , Kelly Kara , Michon Bruno , Tran Thai Hoa , Welch Jennifer , Silverman Lewis , Wolfe Joanne , Bona Kira
Published: April 2022

Social determinants of health (SDoH) are associated with stark
disparities in cancer outcomes, but systematic SDoH data collection is
currently absent from oncology clinical trials. Trial-based SDoH data
are essential to ensure representation of marginalized populations,
contextualize outcomes, and identify health-equity intervention
opportunities. We report the feasibility of the first pediatric oncology
multicenter trial-embedded SDoH investigation. Among 448 trial
participants, 392 (87.5%) opted-in to the embedded SDoH study; 375
(95.7%) completed baseline surveys, with high longitudinal response
rates (87.2-92.8%) over 24-months of therapy. Trial-embedded SDoH data
collection is feasible and acceptable, and must be consistently included
within future oncology trials.
Two path length effects emerging from ontogenetically stable axial xylem design affect the conductance of inner sapwood rings
Authors: Petit Giai , Mencuccini Maurizio , Carrer Marco , Prendin Angela Luisa , Holtta Teemu
Published: April 2022

The process of sapwood/heartwood transition in trees is not fully
understood. We tested whether the ontogenetically-stable apex-to-base
conduit widening generates path length effects limiting the conductance
of inner sapwood rings. The axial scaling ( b) of conduit
hydraulic diameter ( Dh) was estimated at annual resolution in a
spruce and beech tree. We compiled a global dataset of sapwood ring
number ( NSWr), their average width ( SWrw), tree height (
H) and stem elongation rate ( ΔH) in conifer and
angiosperm trees. A numerical model simulated the effects of H
and ΔH on the conductance of each xylem ring (
K). b resulted ontogenetically stable.
Simulations well predicted the observed patterns of increasing
NSWr with H and decreasing NSWr with ΔH,
assuming that heartwood forms when the marginal conductance gain of
maintaining the functionality of an inner ring becomes negligible.
Sapwood/heartwood transition minimizes the C costs associated to
allocation to secondary growth and maintenance of living sapwood
required to attain a given sapwood conductance. The number of sapwood
rings depends on the effects of H and ΔH on the
conductance of inner sapwood rings. The width of sapwood rings
contributes to compensate for the lower conductance of inner sapwood
rings at high ΔH.
Local Immunoglobulin E in nasal polyps: Role and modulation
Authors: Shen Yang , Zhang Nan , Bachert Claus
Published: April 2022

In the airway, IgE is traditionally regarded as a key mediator in
allergic diseases, such as AR and allergic asthma. However, growing
evidence demonstrates the importance of local IgE in airway inflammatory
diseases, irrespective of the presence of allergy. In this review, we
discuss the most recent evidence for IgE in chronic rhinosinusitis with
nasal polyps(CRSwNP), including the local IgE’s characteristics, the
modulation of its synthesis, and function. The levels of local IgE are
significantly elevated in polyps independently of IgE serum levels and
atopic status. Local IgE is polyclonal and functional, which is
correlated with type 2 inflammation. IgE is produced by active B cells
and is dependent on the classing switch recombination(CSR). In NPs, this
process is triggered by not only allergens but also microbial
colonization, especially the superantigen- Staphylococcus aureus.
The production of local IgE is modulated by lymphocytes(such as Tfh,
ILC2s, iTreg), cytokines(such as IL-4, IL-13, IFN-γ, TGF-β, IL-2,
IL-21), transcription factors, and B cell intrinsic factor. Due to the
central role of IgE in NPs, it is regarded as an ideal target for
therapy and has been proved to be clinically successful. Based on this
knowledge, we believe that exploring the trigger and regulatory factors
for the activation of local B cells and CSR to IgE will
provide more valuable information for us to recognize the pathological
mechanisms of local IgE and offer the possible option for new
[therapeutic](#/javascript:;) targets of NPs.
AsgeneDB: A curated orthology arsenic metabolism gene database and computational tool for metagenome annotation
Authors: Song Xinwei , Li Yiqun , Stirling Erinne , Zhao Kankan , Wang Binhao , Zhu Yongguang , Luo Yongming , Xu Jianming , Ma Bin
Published: April 2022

Arsenic (As) is the most ubiquitous toxic metalloid in nature. Microbe
mediated As metabolism plays an important role in the global As
biogeochemical processes, greatly changing its toxicity and
bioavailability. While metagenomic sequencing may advance our
understanding of the As metabolism capacity of microbial communities in
different environments, accurate metagenomic profiling of As metabolism
remains challenging due to low coverage and inaccurate definitions of As
metabolism gene families in public orthology databases. Here we
developed a manually curated As metabolism gene database (AsgeneDB)
comprising 414,773 representative sequences from 59 As metabolism gene
families, which are affiliated with 1,653 microbial genera from 46
phyla. We then applied AsgeneDB for functional and taxonomic profiling
of As metabolism in metagenomes from various habitats (freshwater, hot
spring, marine sediment, and soil). Compared with other databases,
AsgeneDB substantially improved the mapping ratio of short read in
metagenomes from various environments. Our results indicate that the
diversity and importance of microbial arsenic metabolism in the
environment remains to be explored. In addition, we developed an R
package Asgene to facilitate the analysis and statistical of metagenomic
data. AsgeneDB and the associated R Package Asgene will greatly promote
the study of arsenic metabolism in microbial communities in various
environments.
Coagulopathy During Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Inside Out
Authors: Capuano Paolo , Alessandrini Elisabetta Maria , Toscano Antonio , Ferrero Daniele , Trompeo Anna , Izzo Gennaro , Assandri Martina , Cipolla Vanessa , Furfaro Gabriella , Mengozzi Giulio , Rinaldi Mauro , Brazzi Luca
Published: April 2022

Objective: Nowadays, the coagulation status of the cardiac
surgical patient is monitored using standard laboratory parameters.
However, these tests involve long turnaround times, a critical
limitation in settings where the patient’s coagulation status can change
very quickly.  The aim of the present study is to describe, through
serial blood controls, traditional tests and Point Of Care (POC), the
coagulation status of patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).
Design: Observational study. Setting: Azienda Ospedaliero
Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University
of Turin, Italy. Partecipants: We enrolled 29 patients undergoing
cardiopulmonary bypass for cardiac surgery at the ‘Città della Salute e
della Scienza’ University Hospital in Turin  between March and June
2021. Interventions: In all patients two series of blood samples
were performed at T1 (before the start of CPB, after sternum opening,
before UFH administration) and at T2 (after the end of CPB, after
protamine administration and before any blood component transfusions).
Laboratory tests included blood count, INR, aPTT, Fibrinogen and
functional assay of coagulation factors (AT III, factors II, V, VII,
VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, proteins C and S). An additional sample was
obtained (both at T1 and T2)  for ROTEM analysis. Measurements and
Main results: Between the beginning and the end of the bypass we
observed a significant decrease in coagulation factors II, X, XI, XII,
protein C and S with an average percentage decrease of 32.58%, 34.11%,
36.69 %, 47.45%, 33.65% and 30.20%, respectively.  Regarding
viscoelastic parameters, we recorded a median  increase of 22.64% of CT
in Intem during CPB, with a reduction in MCF in Fibtem of 16.66%, as
well as platelet contribution (MCF Extem-Fibtem), which was reduced by
7.69%. Conclusions: CPB-induced coagulopathy involve dilution,
activation and consumption of all components of haemostasis, together
with the need for profound anticoagulation.  Our data seem to confirm
the important reduction of all coagulation factors and platelets,
together with a consensual change in traditional laboratory and
viscoelastic parameters.
A questionnaire survey for the assessment of wild - domestic pig interactions in a context oedema disease outbreaks among wild boars ( Sus scrofa ) in South-Eastern France.
Authors: Jori Ferran , Petit G. , Civil N. , Decors A. , Charrier François , Casabianca François , Grobois Vladimir
Published: April 2022

Pig outdoor farming is gaining popularity and commercial success in the
EU and its expansion, together with an increasingly abundance of wild
boar populations facilitates interactions between domestic and wild
suids. In the Southern French Department of Ardèche, several episodes of
mass mortalities due to infection with an enteropathogenic strain of
Escherichia coli, causing oedema disease (OD) were reported in
wild boar populations between 2013 and 2016. In order to investigate a
potential link between those events and the frequency of interactions
between wild boar and domestic pigs, we analysed regional vegetation and
hunting bag data and implemented a semi-structured questionnaire survey
among a total of 30 outdoor pig farmers and 30 hunters distributed
inside and outside the identified area of OD emergence. One third of
interviewed farmers (11/30) had experienced intrusions of wild boars in
domestic pig premises during the previous year. Similarly, 23% of
interviewed hunters reported interactions between wild boar and feral
free ranging pigs in recent years and 60% reported the observation of
free ranging pigs with a phenotypic feature of Vietnamese pot-bellied
pigs (55%). Our analysis identified that the OD emergence area gathered
several factors that could facilitate interactions between wild and
domestic suids including a predominance of forested vegetation, a higher
estimated wild boar density, weaker levels of farm biosecurity and a
higher level of reported intrusions or interactions with wild boar in
pig farms. Despite our sample was limited, our study suggests that the
occurrence and dissemination of wild domestic suid interactions in this
region might be higher than expected and sufficient to facilitate the
circulation of shared pathogens between wild and domestic suids. Similar
studies in this and other rural regions in the EU are recommended, in
order to identify risk areas and anticipate preparedness for the
emergence and circulation of shared swine pathogens.
Central Neurocytoma Presenting With Progressive Headache: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Yucel Yavuz , HASSAN MOHAMED SHEIKH , Sidow Nor Osman , Adam Bakar Ali
Published: April 2022

Central neurocytoma is a rare benign brain tumor that commonly occupies
the lateral ventricle with characteristic imaging features. We present a
case of a 53-year-old female patient who presented with eight-month
history of diffuse headaches that worsened over time. Brain MRI revealed
an intraventricular mass lesion consistent with central neurocytoma