bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Textbooks Thematic Based Character Education on Thematic Learning Primary School: An Influence
Authors: Wuryani Meilan Tri , Roemintoyo Roemintoyo , Yamtinah Sri
Published: May 2018

The research aims to find out the extent of the influence of textbook thematic based character education on thematic learning primary school students. This type of research is a quasi-experimental research. This research was conducted through categorizing an experimental group by textbook thematic based character education and a control group by using the conventional learning textbook. The population in this research was 61 fourth-grade students in total. Sample determination was conducted by using simple random sampling. In this research, data collection techniques were test and observation. Data analysis techniques were descriptive statistics and t-test with SPSS 21.0. The result of calculation shows that the t-result is 9.162 with which the significance level is less than 0.05 that is 0.000. Thus, it can be concluded that learning with the textbook thematic based character education has an influence on thematic learning of fourth-grade students in primary school. In addition to influential in student learning outcomes, textbook thematic based character education also affects the character of students.
RNA Profiles of Circulating Tumor Cells and Extracellular Vesicles for Therapy Stratification of Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Keup Corinna , Mach Pawel , Aktas Bahriye , Tewes Mitra , Kolberg Hans-Christian , Hauch Siegfried , Sprenger-Haussels Markus , Kimmig Rainer , Kasimir-Bauer Sabine
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUND

Liquid biopsies are discussed to provide surrogate markers for therapy stratification and monitoring. We compared messenger RNA (mRNA) profiles of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) to estimate their utility in therapy management.

METHODS

Blood was collected from 35 hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative patients with MBC at the time of disease progression and at 2 consecutive staging time points. CTCs were isolated from 5 mL of blood by positive immunomagnetic selection, and EVs from 4 mL of plasma by a membrane affinity-based procedure. mRNA was reverse transcribed, preamplified, and analyzed for 18 genes by multimarker quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays. RNA profiles were normalized to healthy donor controls (n = 20), and results were correlated with therapy outcome.

RESULTS

There were great differences in mRNA profiles of EVs and CTCs, with only 5% (21/403) of positive signals identical in both fractions. Transcripts involved in the PI3K signaling pathway were frequently overexpressed in CTCs, and AURKA, PARP1, and SRC signals appeared more often in EVs. Of all patients, 40% and 34% showed ERBB2 and ERBB3 signals, respectively, in CTCs, which was significantly associated with disease progression (P = 0.007). Whereas MTOR signals in CTCs significantly correlated with response (P = 0.046), signals in EVs indicated therapy failure (P = 0.011). The presence of AURKA signals in EVs seemed to be a marker for the indication of unsuccessful treatment of bone metastasis.

CONCLUSIONS

These results emphasize the potential of CTCs and EVs for therapy monitoring and the need for critical evaluation of the implementation of any liquid biopsy in clinical practice.
Using trust degree for agents in order to assign spots in a Smart Parking
Authors: Souza De Castro Lucas Fernando , Vaz Alves Gleifer , Pinz Borges André
Published: May 2018

The process of searching for a parking spot could be a problem. There are computing solutions being developed to optimize this problem. One of these solutions is using multiagent systems (MAS). In this paper a MAS is developed in order to allocate spots in a smart parking using the framework JaCaMo. This MAS comprises of two types of agents: manager and drivers. The manager is responsible to administrate the parking spots which will be assigned for drivers according to a corresponding degree of trust. The trust degree is a value which shows the commitment of the driver before the manager. In order to verify the effectiveness of the MAS, several simulations were conducted in empirical scenarios. Experiments shows that the trust degree impacts in the parking spot allocation process.
Amor, ética y justicia
Authors: Gómez Sánchez Carlos
Published: May 2018

Se trata de examinar las relaciones entre amor, ética y justicia, adoptando cuatro perspectivas complementarias: en primer lugar, se aborda la confrontación con Freud, en su enconada diatriba contra el concepto de «amor al prójimo». En segundo lugar, se plantea la confrontación con Kant, bajo la forma de la disputa entre «amor» e «imperativo». Situados así en el terreno de la ética, se consideran (3) las relaciones entre amor y justicia, sirviéndonos ante todo de los análisis de Ricoeur, para abordar finalmente (4) lo que podríamos denominar «el amor a los fuera de la ley», apoyándonos en algunos personajes literarios de Dostoievski.
Régimen de historicidad e indigencia hermenéutica en Hannah Arendt
Authors: García Labrador Julián
Published: May 2018

El presente artículo analiza la influencia de Hannah Arendt en la noción «régimen de historicidad » de François Hartog. Explica el cambio operado por el concepto moderno de historia respecto al antiguo y la ruptura de la tradición, desde los textos de Arendt. Dicha explicación permite atisbar la anticipación arendtiana de problemáticas y acentos que, desde la necesidad hermenéutica, configuran las coordenadas de lo que hoy entendemos como «régimen de historicidad».
Tiempos de ira: violencia, guerra y alegrías humanas
Authors: González Montero Sebastián
Published: May 2018

Aquí nos dedicamos al problema central de pensar cuál sería el motivo de recuperar los vínculos sociales en escenarios de reconciliación, perdón y justicia. Vamos a tratar de mostrar que hacerle frente a la posibilidad de vivir juntos, con todo lo ocurrido en el pasado, es un asunto que compromete criterios de composición social y fuentes de confluencia local que necesitan ser caracterizados teóricamente. Así, pues, nos preguntamos de qué son capaces los sujetos cuando se unen, se organizan, piensan y deciden juntos. ¿Qué es aquello de lo que son capaces los colectivos para superar el pasado? La hipótesis de trabajo es la siguiente: la fraternidad de la existencia alegre, justo en el seno de los dilemas asociados al Terror y la Dolor, constituye la empresa de salvar la vida y las posibilidades que contiene. Al pensamiento de lo colectivo y al élan de la fraternidad nos apegamos para decir que es en el problema de la composición y de la celebración de las capacidades (de acción, de sentimiento y de pensamiento) que vamos a encontrar el camino a los motivos de vivir juntos.
INDUSTRI 4.0: TELAAH KLASIFIKASI ASPEK DAN ARAH PERKEMBANGAN RISET
Authors: Prasetyo Hoedi , Sutopo Wahyudi
Published: May 2018

AbstrakIstilah Industri 4.0 lahir dari ide tentang revolusi industri keempat. Keberadaannya menawarkan banyak potensi manfaat. Guna mewujudkan Industri 4.0, diperlukan keterlibatan akademisi dalam bentuk riset. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menelaah aspek dan arah perkembangan riset terkait Industri 4.0. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah studi terhadap beragam definisi dan model kerangka Industri 4.0 serta pemetaan dan analisis terhadap sejumlah publikasi. Beberapa publikasi bertema Industri 4.0 dipilah menurut metode penelitian, aspek kajian dan bidang industri. Hasil studi menunjukkan Industri 4.0 memiliki empat belas aspek. Ditinjau dari metode penelitian, sebagian besar riset dilakukan melalui metode deskriptif dan konseptual. Ditinjau dari aspeknya, aspek bisnis dan teknologi menjadi fokus riset para peneliti. Ditinjau dari bidang industri penerapannya, sebagian besar riset dilakukan di bidang manufaktur. Ditinjau dari jumlahnya, riset terkait Industri 4.0 mengalami tren kenaikan yang signifikan. Artikel ini diharapkan dapat memberi gambaran mengenai apa itu Industri 4.0, perkembangan dan potensi riset yang ada di dalamnya. AbstractIndustry 4.0: Study of Aspects Classification and Future Research Direction. The term Industrial 4.0 refers to the idea about fourth industrial revolution. In order to realize Industry 4.0, academic involvement is required in the form of research. This article aims to define the aspects and future direction of research related to Industry 4.0. Literature review of various definition and concept models of Industry 4.0. was conducted to acquire the aspects. Mapping and analysis of several publications were conducted to determine the future direction of research. Publications were sorted according to research methods, aspects and type of industry. The result shows that Industry 4.0 has fourteen aspects. Based on research methods, most of the research is done through descriptive and conceptual methods. Business and technology aspects become the focus of the researchers and most of the research is done in manufacturing industry. Based on quantities, Industrial 4.0 research has experienced a significant upward trend. This article is expected to illustrate the concept, future development and research trend of Industry 4.0.Keywords: Industry 4.0; Literature Review; Research Trend
Identification of Compounds Released During Pyrolysis of Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) Using Pyrolysis-GC/MS
Authors: Mansur Dieni , Pangihutan Simanungkalit Sabar
Published: May 2018

Pyrolysis is one of thermochemical conversion to convert biomass into bio-oil. The higher energy content in bio-oil suggests its potential as a raw material in the production of energy, bio-fuels, and other chemicals. Pyrolysis of PKS and the chemicals released were studied using pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) at 400-600°C. Prior to pyrolysis, thermogravimetry experiments were carried out to monitor the degradation temperature of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin in the PKS. Degradation of hemicellulose occurred within a temperature range of 150-330°C, whereas the cellulose was degraded in temperatures range between 330-400°C. Degradation of lignin took place within a broad range of temperatures, which reached maximum at temperatures range of 200-500°C. Based on the Py-GC/MS results, pyrolysis of PKS at 400°C produced bio-oil that can be used as biofuel due to its high aromatic compounds but low carboxylic acids contents. Keywords: bio-oil; chemical; palm kernel shell; Py-GC/MS; thermogravimetry .
THE EFFECTS OF WATER ADDITION AND STEAMING DURATION ON STARCH COMPOSITION OF WHEAT POLLARD
Authors: Utama Cahya Setya , Sulistiyanto Bambang , Kismiyati Sri
Published: May 2018

Abstract The objective of the study was to determine the effects of water addition and steaming duration on starch composition of wheat pollard including starch, amylose, amylopectin and starch resistant. Water was added towheat pollard (0, 30 and 60%) and autoclaved at 121°C (15 and 30 min) afterward. The pollard then was oven-dry at 70°C. The study used a complete randomized design of  3x2 factorial with 3 replications. The addition of water and steaming duration showed a very significant (p<0.001) impact on the amylose and starch resistant parameters but not the starch and amylopectin. The addition of water increased the starch content from 38.71+0.10%. The starch content of a 15-min autoclave was higher (44.54+11.34%) than that of a 30-min (43.43+11.16%).  The amylose levels decreased with addition of water and duration of autoclave. The amylose decrease from 5.23+0.10%  to 4.03+0.32%. Addition of water increased the amylopectin level from 33.50+0.10 to 52.90+0.70% while the amylopectin level was heated at 15 minutes (39.79+11.76%) and decreased to 39.20 + 11.44% after treatment with steam for 30 minutes. Addition of water increased the starch resistant level from 8.75+1.06% to 15.40+ 1.51% while heating for15 minutes had the highest starch resistant of 16.65+0.04% compare to the longer steaming deration. This result concluded that the addition of water and the duration of steam greatly affects the content of starch, amylose, amylopectin and starch resistant of the wheat pollard. The best results of this study was the addition of 30% moisture content with a steam duration of 15 minutes which results in the highest starch resistant of 16.65+ 0.04%. Keywords: wheat pollard; steam; moisture content; starch; amylose; starch resistant
Synthesis of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Fine particle by Flame Spray Pyrolysis (FSP) Method using Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) as Fuel
Authors: Widiyandari Hendri , Purwanto Agus , Gunawan Vincensius , Widyanto Susilo Adi
Published: May 2018

This study aims to obtain titanium dioxide (TiO2) fine particle with a narrow size distribution by one step production via flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) using LPG (liquid petroleum gas) as a fuel source. The TiO2 particles were synthesized from the aqueous based precursor from dissolving of titanium (IV) isopropoxide to the acidic distilled water solvent. The effect of precursor concentration to the crystalline structure, morphology and size distribution of the TiO2 particles were systematically investigated. There were observed that the TiO2 has a uniform spherical shape with particle size around 200 – 500 nm. Increasing the precursor concentration resulted the size distribution shifted toward the bigger size. The crystalline structure of produced TiO2 showed the mixed phase of anatase and rutile and has a large specific surface area ~ 850,343 m²/g.
Parametric analysis of thin multifunctional elastomeric optical sheets
Authors: Nicholson-Smith Chloë , Knopf George K. , Bordatchev Evgueni
Published: May 2018

Flexible optical sheets are thin large-area polymer light guide structures that can be used to create innovative passive light-harvesting and illumination systems. The optically transparent micro-patterned polymer sheet is designed to be draped over arbitrary surfaces or hung like a curtain. The light guidance sheet is fabricated by bonding two or more micro-patterned layers with different indices of optical refraction. By imprinting micro-optical elements on the constituent layers, it is possible to have portions of the optical sheet act as a light concentrator, near ‘lossless’ transmitter, or diffuser. However, the performance and efficiency of the flexible optical sheet depends on the overall curvature (κ) of the optical sheet and the relative orientation of incident light source. To illustrate this concept, the impact of key design parameters on the controlled guidance of light through a two-layer polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) concentrator-transmitter-diffuser optical sheet is investigated using ray tracing simulation software. The analysis initially considers a flat (κ=0) PDMS optical sheet exposed to a collimated light source. The impact of sheet curvature (κ>0) on both system efficiency and illumination uniformity is then briefly explored. Critical design guidelines for creating multifunctional monolithic optical sheets are also summarized.
Harmonization activities of Noklus – a quality improvement organization for point-of-care laboratory examinations
Authors: Stavelin Anne , Sandberg Sverre
Published: May 2018

Noklus is a non-profit quality improvement organization that focuses to improve all elements in the total testing process. The aim is to ensure that all medical laboratory examinations are ordered, performed and interpreted correctly and in accordance with the patients’ needs for investigation, treatment and follow-up. For 25 years, Noklus has focused on point-of-care (POC) testing in primary healthcare laboratories and has more than 3100 voluntary participants. The Noklus quality system uses different tools to obtain harmonization and improvement: (1) external quality assessment for the pre-examination, examination and postexamination phase to monitor the harmonization process and to identify areas that need improvement and harmonization, (2) manufacturer-independent evaluations of the analytical quality and user-friendliness of POC instruments and (3) close interactions and follow-up of the participants through site visits, courses, training and guidance. Noklus also recommends which tests that should be performed in the different facilities like general practitioner offices, nursing homes, home care, etc. About 400 courses with more than 6000 delegates are organized annually. In 2017, more than 21,000 e-learning programs were completed.
The uniformization of the moduli space of principally polarized abelian 6-folds
Authors: Alexeev Valery , Donagi Ron , Farkas Gavril , Izadi Elham , Ortega Angela
Published: May 2018

Starting from a beautiful idea of Kanev, we construct a uniformization
of the moduli space

𝒜
6

\mathcal{A}_{6}

of principally polarized abelian 6-folds in
terms of curves and monodromy data. We show that the general principally polarized abelian variety of
dimension 6 is a Prym–Tyurin variety corresponding to a degree 27 cover
of the projective line having monodromy the Weyl group of the

E
6

E_{6}

lattice. Along the way, we establish numerous facts concerning the
geometry of the Hurwitz space of such

E
6

E_{6}

-covers, including: (1) a proof
that the canonical class of the Hurwitz space is big, (2) a concrete
geometric description of the Hodge–Hurwitz eigenbundles with respect to
the Kanev correspondence and (3) a description of the ramification
divisor of the Prym–Tyurin map from the Hurwitz space to

𝒜
6

\mathcal{A}_{6}

in the
terms of syzygies of the Abel–Prym–Tyurin curve.
On some generalized Painlevé and Hayman type equations with meromorphic solutions in a bounded domain
Authors: Barsegian Grigor , Yuan Wenjun
Published: May 2018

The value distribution and, in particular, the numbers of a-points, have not been studied for meromorphic functions which are solutions of some complex differential equations in a given domain.
Instead, the numbers of good a-points and Ahlfors islands, which play to a certain extend a role similar to that of the numbers of a-points, have been considered in some recent papers.
In this paper, we consider meromorphic functions in a given domain, which are the solutions of some higher order equations and largely generalize the solutions of Painlevé equations 3–6.
We give the upper bounds for the numbers of good a-points and Ahlfors islands of similar solutions.
Oocyte-triggering day progesterone levels and endometrial appearance in normoresponders undergoing IVF/ICSI cycles: a hypothesis and a study protocol
Authors: Siristatidis Charalampos , Drakopoulos Panagiotis , Vogiatzi Paraskevi , Karageorgiou Vasilios , Daskalakis George
Published: May 2018

In this report, we propose a study protocol capable of improving IVF outcomes in subfertile women with expected normal ovarian response. This proposal derives from conflicting published data and observations in our daily practice, concerning the negative impact of progesterone (P4) elevation at the day of oocyte triggering on pregnancy outcomes. Our hypothesis points to the combination of two previous “suspects” of reduced success after assisted reproduction techniques (ART) – the endometrium ultrasonographic parameters and P4 elevation at the day of oocyte triggering on their impact on pregnancy outcomes. Up-to-the minute data show that, there is a different impact of elevated P4 in fresh, frozen and donor cycles, whereas there are plenty of reports pointing to a different endometrial gene expression on different P4 measurements. Gaps in the literature are linked with a variation of the measurements of P4, its cycle-to-cycle reproducibility, the different cut-off levels used, the impact of various protocols of ovarian stimulation and the limitations of systematic reviews originating from the initial studies. Our hypothesis states that the combination of P4 values and endometrial ultrasound parameters at the day of oocyte triggering can affect clinical pregnancy rates in normal responders undergoing ART.
On a class of finite soluble groups
Authors: Ballester-Bolinches Adolfo , Cossey John , Li Yangming
Published: May 2018

The aim of this paper is to study the class of finite groups in which every subgroup is self-normalising in its subnormal closure. It is proved that this class is a subgroup-closed formation of finite soluble groups which is not closed under taking Frattini extensions and whose members can be characterised by means of their Carter subgroups. This leads to new characterisations of finite soluble T-, PT- and PST-groups. Finite groups whose p-subgroups, p a prime, are self-normalising in their subnormal closure are also characterised.
Remarks on randomization of quasi-random numbers
Authors: Ermakov Sergej M. , Leora Svetlana N.
Published: May 2018

In this paper we discuss estimation of the quasi-Monte Carlo methods error in the case of calculation of high-order integrals. Quasi-random Halton sequences are considered as a special case. Randomization of these sequences by the random shift method turns out to lead to well-known random quadrature formulas with one free node. Some new properties of such formulas are pointed out. The subject is illustrated by a number of numerical examples.
A review of gap-surface plasmon metasurfaces: fundamentals and applications
Authors: Ding Fei , Yang Yuanqing , Deshpande Rucha A. , Bozhevolnyi Sergey I.
Published: May 2018

Plasmonic metasurfaces, which can be considered as the two-dimensional analog of metal-based metamaterials, have attracted progressively increasing attention in recent years because of the ease of fabrication and unprecedented control over the reflected or transmitted light while featuring relatively low losses even at optical wavelengths. Among all the different design approaches, gap-surface plasmon metasurfaces – a specific branch of plasmonic metasurfaces – which consist of a subwavelength thin dielectric spacer sandwiched between an optically thick metal film and arrays of metal subwavelength elements arranged in a strictly or quasi-periodic fashion, have gained awareness from researchers working at practically any frequency regime as its realization only requires a single lithographic step, yet with the possibility to fully control the amplitude, phase, and polarization of the reflected light. In this paper, we review the fundamentals, recent developments, and opportunities of gap-surface plasmon metasurfaces. Starting with introducing the concept of gap-surface plasmon metasurfaces, we present three typical gap-surface plasmon resonators, introduce generalized Snell’s law, and explain the concept of Pancharatnam-Berry phase. We then overview the main applications of gap-surface plasmon metasurfaces, including beam-steerers, flat lenses, holograms, absorbers, color printing, polarization control, surface wave couplers, and dynamically reconfigurable metasurfaces. The review is ended with a short summary and outlook on possible future developments.
Metabolic regulation of synaptic activity
Authors: Fedorovich Sergei V. , Waseem Tatyana V.
Published: May 2018

Brain tissue is bioenergetically expensive. In humans, it composes approximately 2% of body weight and accounts for approximately 20% of calorie consumption. The brain consumes energy mostly for ion and neurotransmitter transport, a process that occurs primarily in synapses. Therefore, synapses are expensive for any living creature who has brain. In many brain diseases, synapses are damaged earlier than neurons start dying. Synapses may be considered as vulnerable sites on a neuron. Ischemic stroke, an acute disturbance of blood flow in the brain, is an example of a metabolic disease that affects synapses. The associated excessive glutamate release, called excitotoxicity, is involved in neuronal death in brain ischemia. Another example of a metabolic disease is hypoglycemia, a complication of diabetes mellitus, which leads to neuronal death and brain dysfunction. However, synapse function can be corrected with “bioenergetic medicine”. In this review, a ketogenic diet is discussed as a curative option. In support of a ketogenic diet, whereby carbohydrates are replaced for fats in daily meals, epileptic seizures can be terminated. In this review, we discuss possible metabolic sensors in synapses. These may include molecules that perceive changes in composition of extracellular space, for instance, ketone body and lactate receptors, or molecules reacting to changes in cytosol, for instance, KATPchannels or AMP kinase. Inhibition of endocytosis is believed to be a universal synaptic mechanism of adaptation to metabolic changes.
Benzo(a)pyrene degradation pathway in Bacillus subtilis BMT4i (MTCC 9447)
Authors: Bhatt Kamlesh Kumar , Lily Madhuri Kaushish , Joshi Girdhar , Dangwal Koushalya
Published: May 2018

Background

Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), a high molecular weight pentacyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is a priority pollutant of extreme concern. Bacillus subtilis BMT4i (MTCC 9447) degrades BaP through chromosomally encoded pathway. Nevertheless, inadequate information is available on BaP degradation pathway in genus Bacillus despite of its species being shown as potent BaP degrader. The objective of this study was to elucidate BaP degradation pathway in B. subtilis strain BMT4i by identifying metabolites through UHPLC-MS.

Materials and methods

Batch experiments were conducted to characterize metabolic pathway of BaP in the bacterium B. subtilis BMT4i. The metabolites were separated and characterized by UHPLC-MS.

Results

The major intermediates of BaP metabolism that had accumulated in the culture media after 15 days of incubation were benzo(a)pyrene-11,12-epoxide, 7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[pqr]tetraphene-7,8,9,10-tetraol, benzo(a)pyrene-cis-7,8-dihydrodiol, 8-carboxy-7-hydroxy pyrene, chrysene-4 or 5-carboxylic acid, cis-4-(8-hydroxypyrene-7yl)-2-oxobut-3-enoic acid, hydroxymethoxybenzo(a)pyrene and dimethoxybenzo(a)pyrene. Among above, 8-carboxy-7-hydroxy pyrene, chrysene-4 or 5-carboxylic acid, and cis-4-(8-hydroxypyrene-7yl)-2-oxobut-3-enoic acid are ring cleavage products of BaP.

Conclusion

The identified metabolites indicated that BMT4i initially oxidized BaP with monooxygenases and dioxygenases at C-11,12 or and C-7,8 and C-9,10 positions, suggesting operation of multiple pathways for BaP degradation in B. subtilis. Further studies are essential to find out whether the entire biodegradation process in B. subtilis results into metabolic detoxification of BaP or not.
Did You Hear the Vocalist? Differences in Processing Between Short Segments of Familiar and Unfamiliar Music
Authors: Layman Shannon L. , Dowling W. Jay
Published: May 2018

Previous research indicates that people gain musical information from short (250 ms) segments of music. This study extended previous findings by presenting shorter (100 ms, 150 ms, and 200 ms) segments of Western popular music in rapid temporal arrays; similar to scanning through music listening options. The question remains, is there a critical feature, such as the song’s vocalist, that listeners used when processing the complex timbral arrangements of Western popular music? Participants were presented with familiar and unfamiliar music segments, four segments in succession. Each trial contained a female or a male vocalist, or was purely instrumental. Participants were asked whether they heard a vocalist (Experiment 1) or a female vocalist (Experiment 2) in one of the four music segments. Vocalist detection in Experiment 1 was well above chance for the shortest stimuli (100 ms), and performance was better in the familiar trials than the unfamiliar. When instructed in Experiment 2 to detect a female vocalist, however, participants performed better with the unfamiliar trials than the familiar trials. Together, these findings suggest that the vocalist and vocalist gender may be stored as separate features and their utility differs based on one’s familiarity with the musical stimulus.
“Westward the Star of Empire”
Authors: Klein Shana
Published: May 2018

Nineteenth-century exhibits on California viticulture and wines promoted not only consumption but California’s settlement and progress and the nation’s cultural reputation. California’s grape history also represents colonization and fostered racial prejudice.
The Polemic of Individualized Appellation in Late Antiquity
Authors: Robertson Paul
Published: May 2018

This article describes rhetorical innovations in late antique Christian polemic around the construction of orthodoxy/heresy and Christianity more broadly. Late antique Christian polemicists label groups as heretical by using their founders' names as eponymous proxies for an entire group and set of ideas: Marcionism/ites, Valentinianism/ites, and so forth. This type of group construction, which I term the polemic of individualized appellation due to the pejorative labeling of a group after an individual founder, is an intentional and often artificial type of elite, literary polemic put to service in the wider creative mythmaking and boundary/identity construction by heresiologists such as Justin, Irenaeus, Tertullian, Eusebius, and Epiphanius. In identifying both precursor ingredients in various ancient Mediterranean comparanda and novel developments in the Christian heresiologists' discourse, I also engage with recent scholarship on heresy, orthodoxy, and identity constructions in Late Antiquity. I explain why the polemic of individualized appellation was especially effective in constructing difference, its role in this particular late antique context, and its function in effacing apparent similarities in widespread practices and beliefs. I conclude with a methodological discussion, arguing that scholars in religion and history should reject their sources' categories of group identity construction due to their inherent bias.
Emerging multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the treatment of neuroendocrine neoplasms
Authors: Grillo Federica , Florio Tullio , Ferraù Francesco , Kara Elda , Fanciulli Giuseppe , Faggiano Antongiulio , Colao Annamaria , _ _
Published: May 2018

In the last few years, the therapeutic approach for neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) has changed dramatically following the approval of several novel targeted treatments. The multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor (MTKI), sunitinib malate, has been approved by Regulatory Agencies in pancreatic NENs. The MTKI class, however, includes several other molecules (approved for other conditions), which are currently being studied in NENs. An in-depth review on the studies published on the MTKIs in neuroendocrine tumors such as axitinib, cabozantinib, famitinib, lenvatinib, nintedanib, pazopanib, sorafenib and sulfatinib was performed. Furthermore, we extensively searched on the Clinical Trial Registries databases worldwide, in order to collect information on the ongoing clinical trials related to this topic. Our systematic analysis on emerging MTKIs in the treatment of gastroenteropancreatic and lung NENs identifiesin vitroandin vivostudies, which demonstrate anti-tumor activity of diverse MTKIs on neuroendocrine cells and tumors. Moreover, for the first time in the literature, we report an updated view concerning the upcoming clinical trials in this field: presently, phase I, II and III clinical trials are ongoing and will include, overall, a staggering 1667 patients. This fervid activity underlines the increasing interest of the scientific community in the use of emerging MTKIs in NEN treatment.
Brotes de enfermedades transmitidas por los alimentos estudiados mediante técnicas moleculares
Authors: Hernández Porras Elkin Enrique , Rosero Torres Liliana Elisa , Parra Barrera Eliana Liseth , Guerrero Montilla Jaime Alberto , Gómez Rubio Adriana Leonor , Moreno Castañeda Jaime Enrique
Published: May 2018

Objetivo Aplicar una técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) múltiple en tiempo real para la detección de Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes y Yersinia enterocolitica, como herramienta de apoyo diagnóstico en la vigilancia de brotes de enfermedad transmitida por alimentos.Materiales y Métodos Se aplicó la metodología molecular en muestras clínicas provenientes de individuos que estaban asociados a brotes de enfermedad transmitida por alimentos de dos departamentos de Colombia. Los resultados se compararon con los datos arrojados por la metodología convencional de cultivo. Adicionalmente a los aislamientos obtenidos se les evaluó relación clonal mediante la técnica de electroforesis de campo pulsado (PFGE).Resultados Se determinó un total de 123 casos de enfermedad transmitida por alimentos de los cuales 45 muestras biológicas fueron confirmadas por laboratorio y 88 mediante nexo epidemiológico. La metodología molecular detectó 35/45 muestras positivas frente a 17/45 muestras positivas detectadas mediante la metodología convencional. La PFGE demostró relación clonal en cada brote.Conclusión Los resultados del estudio demuestran la aplicabilidad de la técnica molecular como herramienta útil de apoyo diagnóstico en la caracterización de brotes de enfermedad transmitida por alimentos, permitiendo una respuesta oportuna y confiable.
Assessment of subacute genotoxic and histopathological effects of a food flavour ingredient, 4-ethylbenzaldehyde (EBA) on zebrafish (Danio rerio) model
Authors: Bencsik D. , Gazsi Gy. , Urbányi B. , Szende B. , Rácz G. , Véha A. , Csenki Zs.
Published: May 2018

Modern food industry widely uses a variety of flavour and fragrance materials. One of the most used compound groups is the aldehydes. The benzaldehyde, also known as artificial almond oil, is one of the most commonly used flavouring in food industry nowadays. The effects of this compound on different species are well known, a lot of toxicological information can be found in the literature. 4-ethylbenzaldehyde is also a member of aldehyde group, the physical properties are similar to benzaldehyde and also has almond scent. Unlike benzaldehyde, it has no chemical safety assessment according to its chemical safety sheet, and only one experiment can be found on its effects on vertebrates. This compound can also be found at the group of flavours and fragrances. The aim of this study was to examine the subacute DNA and tissue damaging effects of EBA. The genotoxic effects of EBA in zebrafish were evaluated by using micronucleus assay. Significant increase in the micronucleus frequency had been described for all tested concentrations. Alterations were found in the liver of the fish group treated with 11 mg l–1 EBA for 21 days.
The content of polyphenols and antioxidant activity in leaves and flowers of wild garlic (Allium ursinum L.)
Authors: Tóth T. , Kovarovič J. , Bystrická J. , Vollmannová A. , Musilová J. , Lenková M.
Published: May 2018

Wild garlic (Allium ursinum L.) is a wildly growing plant that grows in forests and next to the streams. It has a specific aroma and taste resembling garlic. Wild garlic is increasingly favoured in gastronomy, food industry, and modern food technologies. The aim of this study was to analyse the dynamics of changes in total polyphenols content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AOA) in wild garlic leaves and flowers during the vegetation period (from April to June). The samples of plant material were collected from the area of Bratislava – Železná studienka. The samples of fresh leaves and flowers were homogenized and a methanolic extract was prepared. These extracts were used for analyses. Total polyphenol content in the samples ranged from 726±10 mg GAE/kg FW to 14.1×102±13 mg GAE/kg FW. The values of antioxidant activity were from 10.7±1.57 to 25.9±1.06% inhibition FW.
Utilization of agro-industrial residues for the production of β-Galactosidase using fungal isolate under solid state fermentation conditions
Authors: Kaur R. , Panesar P.S. , Singh R.S.
Published: May 2018

β-Galactosidase is an enzyme of commercial importance owing to its multiple benefits. Among all microbial sources, fungal species are of great interest for the production of this enzyme. Thus, the aim of this present work was to optimize the media as well as process parameters to achieve maximum β-Galactosidase production by solid state fermentation using the fungal isolate Rhizomucor pusillus. Various agro-industrial residues were tested for carbon as well as for nitrogen sources. The different process parameters were also studied to observe their effects on β-galactosidase production. Among all screened agro-industrial residues, wheat bran and corn steep liquor had the potential to be used as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively; whereas MgSO4 was found to be a suitable salt supplement. The optimal process parameters included particle size of 1000 microns, 50% moisture content, pH 5.5, 50 ºC temperature, and 7 days of fermentation.
Learning L2 pronunciation with a mobile speech recognizer: French /y/
Authors: Liakin Denis , Cardoso Walcir , Liakina Natallia
Published: May 2018

This study investigates the acquisition of the L2 French vowel /y/ in a mobile-assisted learning environment, via the use of automatic speech recognition (ASR). Particularly, it addresses the question of whether ASR-based pronunciation instruction using a mobile device can improve the production and perception of French /y/. Forty-two elementary French students participated in an experimental study in which they were assigned to one of three groups: (1) the ASR Group, which used an ASR application on their mobile devices to complete weekly pronunciation activities, with immediate written visual (textual) feedback provided by the software and no human interaction; (2) the Non-ASR Group, which completed the same weekly pronunciation activities in individual weekly sessions but with a teacher who provided immediate oral feedback using recasts and repetitions; and finally, (3) the Control Group, which participated in weekly individual meetings ‘to practice their conversation skills’ with a teacher who provided no pronunciation feedback. The study followed a pretest/posttest design. According to the results of the dependent samples t-tests, only the ASR group improved significantly from pretest to posttest (p < 0.001), and none of the groups improved in perception. The overall success of the ASR group on the production measures suggests that this type of learning environment is propitious for the development of segmental features such as /y/ in L2 French.
APPLICATION OF INDOMETHACIN IN MEDICINE AND PHARMACY
Authors: Krasnuk I. I. , Kosheleva T. M. , Belyatskaya A. V. , Krasnuk I. I. , Stepanova O. I. , Skovpen' Yu. , Vorobiev A. N. , Grikh V. V. , Ovsyannikova L. V.
Published: May 2018

Indomethacin, a non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), has been used in different spheres of medicine since the 1960s. It is successfully administered as an anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving medication in rheumatoid and other diseases. According to recent research, indomethacin may become a promising drug enhancing endogenous remyelination in patients with multiple sclerosis. Also, indomethacin affects cell proliferation and invasion, thus it is used to manage pancreatic cancer in patients with hyperglycemia. In addition, indomethacin can inhibit protein synthesis in colorectal carcinoma and other types of cancer cells. The article reviews modern indomethacin medications and the different dosage forms on the Russian pharmaceutical market. Indomethacin poor water solubility is one of the reasons for decreasing its biopharmaceutical characteristics. According to the conducted research, a prospective way to improve indomethacin solubility and bioavailability is the Solid Dispersion (SD) method. SDs are bi- or multicomponent systems consisting of the drug and the carrier. They are a highly dispersed solid phase of the drug or molecular-dispersed solid solutions with a partial formation of a variable composition complex and a carrier. The article provides a brief overview on different aspects of obtaining, investigating, and applying indomethacin SDs with various polymers.
The meaning of religion/religiosity for the elderly
Authors: Oliveira Ana Luíza Barreto de , Menezes Tânia Maria de Oliva
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the meaning of religion/religiosity for the elderly. Method: A qualitative, phenomenological study, based on Martin Heidegger. Thirteen older women registered in an Urban Social Center of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil aged between 60 and 84 years participated in the study. The collection of testimonies was carried out from November 2013 to May 2014 through phenomenological interviews. Results: Hermeneutics has unveiled the unit of meaning: Meanings of religion/religiosity in the daily life of the elderly. Religion/religiosity offers comfort and well-being to the elderly person, helping to overcome changes arising from the aging process. Final considerations: The nurse, while providing care, should expand his/her vision in relation to the subjectivity of the elderly, in order to understand that religion/religiosity gives meaning to their existence.
Water relations, photosynthetic capacity, and growth in passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.): seedlings and grafted plants
Authors: Gomes Mara de Menezes de Assis , Ramos Maria José Mota , Torres Netto Alena , Rosa Raul Castro Carriello , Campostrini Eliemar
Published: May 2018

RESUMO A utilização da técnica de enxertia em maracujazeiros tem sido uma estratégia promissora para o desenvolvimento de cultivares tradicionais de maracujazeiros que, por sua vez, apresentam raízes suscetíveis a vários patógenos do solo. Contudo, não se conhece o efeito desta técnica sobre as trocas gasosas, as relações hídricas e a eficiência fotoquímica em plantas desta espécie. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a capacidade fotossintética, as relações hídricas e o crescimento de maracujazeiros propagados por semente (PPS) e propagados por enxertia (PPG), submetidos à limitação da disponibilidade de água no solo. O presente estudo foi realizado em casa de vegetação, utilizando mudas de Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa e mudas enxertadas [Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa (enxerto) e Passiflora mucronata (porta-enxerto)] cultivadas em potes de 3,5 dm3. Aos 37 dias após o transplantio (DAT), foi suspensa a irrigação em metade das plantas propagadas por sementes (PPSDS, plantas propagadas por sementes em condições de deficiência hídrica) e em metade das plantas propagadas por enxertia (PPGDS, plantas propagadas por enxertia em condições de deficiência hídrica). Em um outro grupo de plantas, o solo foi mantido na capacidade de campo. As trocas gasosas, a emissão da fluorescência da clorofila, a estimativa do teor de clorofilas e os potenciais hídricos foliar e do solo foram determinadas durante o experimento. Nas plantas PPSDS e PPGDS, a restrição hídrica reduziu os valores da condutância estomática, o rendimento quântico incidente (Φi) e a massa seca da raiz em relação aos respectivos controles mantidos irrigados (PPS e PPG). Tanto para as PPSDS e PPGDS, até os valores de -50 kPa de potencial hídrico do solo, houve redução da taxa fotossintética em 50%, sem haver redução do potencial hídrico foliar. Em relação às plantas enxertadas, as plantas propagadas por semente apresentaram maiores valores das medidas biométricas, tanto cultivadas na condição de capacidade de campo, como cultivadas na condição de limitação de água no substrato. A técnica de enxertia não comprometeu o estado hídrico, a emissão da fluorescência e as trocas gasosas.
Biennial bearing in apple cultivars
Authors: Fioravanço João Caetano , Czermainski Ana Beatriz Costa
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT Biennial bearing is the process in fruit trees by which one year of high fruit load is followed by a very low load or no production the next year. In apple growing, this is a troublesome problem, because of the negative effect on crop yield accumulated over the years, fruit quality, and plant physiology. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biennial bearing of nine apple cultivars, grafted on two rootstocks using of the biennial bearing index (BBI). The indices were calculated for the scion cultivars Maxi-Gala, Gala Real, Royal Gala, Fuji Select, Fuji Suprema, Mishima, Daiane, and Cripps Pink based on the yields from the harvests from 2008 to 2013. The apple cultivars exhibited no significant alternate production, considering the range of variation of the index. For the M-9 rootstock, cv. Fuji Suprema showed the highest BBI. For Marubakaido/M-9, Baigent, Mishima, Fuji Select, and Maxi-Gala showed the highest indices. There was no correlation between the biennial bearing index and the stem cross section of the scion cultivars, regardless of the rootstock used.
Efeito do Glifosato no cultivo in vitro de Cattleya nobilior Rchb. F
Authors: Bertoncelli Douglas Junior , Alves Guilherme Augusto Cito , Furlan Felipe Favoretto , Freiria Gustavo Henrique , Bazzo Jose Henrique Bizarri , Faria Ricardo Tadeu de
Published: May 2018

RESUMO Dentre as técnicas utilizadas pela biotecnologia para multiplicação de mudas de orquídea, o cultivo in vitro destaca-se pelo elevado potencial de produção de novas plântulas. A presença de algumas substâncias químicas utilizadas no meio de cultura, dependendo da concentração, pode favorecer ou não o crescimento e o desenvolvimento da planta. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar o efeito do glifosato no cultivo in vitro da orquídea Cattleya nobilior Rchb. F. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com seis tratamentos e dez repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de seis concentrações de glifosato (0,0; 8,5; 17,0; 25,5; 34,0 e 42,5 mg L-1 e.a.), acrescidas ao meio de cultura MS modificado, com metade das concentrações de macronutrientes. As plântulas submetidas às diferentes concentrações de glifosato foram obtidas de sementes germinadas in vitro. As avaliações de comprimento e de biomassas secas de parte aérea e de raízes, de número de folhas, de comprimento da folha, de largura da folha, do número de brotos dos teores de clorofilas a, b e de carotenoides foram realizadas 200 dias após o transplantio das plântulas. Dentre os componentes fitométricos analisados, apenas o comprimento, a biomassa seca de raízes e o teor de carotenoides diminuíram com o incremento das doses do herbicida glifosato. Baixas concentrações de glifosato adicionadas ao meio de cultura resultam em efeito hormese, com aumento do crescimento da parte aérea de Cattleya nobilior Rchb. F.
Associação de fosfatos e inoculação com Bacillus subtilis e seu efeito no crescimento e desempenho produtivo do feijoeiro
Authors: Zucareli Claudemir , Barzan Renan Ribeiro , Silva Josemeyre Bonifácio da , Chaves Danilo Pinceli
Published: May 2018

RESUMO O feijoeiro é uma cultura responsiva à aplicação de fósforo (P) e estudos são necessários para identificar manejos de fornecimento que minimizem a dependência de fosfatos solúveis, os quais têm uma obtenção onerosa e baixo efeito residual. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o crescimento e o desempenho produtivo do feijoeiro em resposta à aplicação isolada ou associada de fontes naturais e solúvel de fósforo, na presença e ausência de inoculação com Bacillus subtilis. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, utilizando um Latossolo Vermelho com teor inicial de P de 6,61 mg dm-3. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 6x2, estudando-se as seguintes fontes de fósforo, na dose equivalente a 120 kg P2O5 ha-1: superfosfato triplo (SFT, solúvel), Itafós (ITA, natural não reativo), Gafsa (GAF, natural reativo), SFT + ITA, SFT + GAF e um controle (sem adubação com P); com e sem inoculação com B. subtilis (109 células mL-1) e quatro repetições. Melhores resultados de crescimento da parte aérea e raízes, além do desempenho produtivo, foram obtidos com o uso do SFT, isolado ou combinado com ITA e GAF. Para a fonte solúvel, a inoculação com B. subtilis também promoveu maior crescimento, porém não influenciou a produtividade de grãos, que foi incrementada em função da inoculação apenas quando se utiliza a fonte ITA isoladamente.