bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Environmental Impacts and Development Benefits of Coastal Aquaculture in Three Tropical Countries: Madagascar, Tanzania and Indonesia
Authors: Andreas Kunzmann  , Gildas Todinanahary  , Flower E. Msuya  , Yustian Alfiansah
Published: October 2023

Aquaculture is still in early development in Madagascar and Tanzania, while in Indonesia, aquaculture has a long history. In Madagascar, villagers are farming seaweed and sea cucumbers, as part of small-scale community-based aquaculture (CBA). They followed a contractual model between a private farming company and farmers. Local non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and public institutions in Madagascar jointly strive to reverse the trend of ongoing anthropogenic coastal degradation. In Tanzania, the cultivation of red seaweeds has been established for over 30 years, with declining production attributed to climate change. While shrimp farming still involves, to some extent, clearing of mangroves in Tanzania, seaweed culture has only mild impact on coastal ecosystems. Farming areas provide shelter and habitat for juvenile fish, crabs and other organisms. Therefore, NGOs ask for support to improve culture methods. Various problems and shortcomings in Indonesia have been clearly identified, including issues related to new aquaculture areas, pollutants, emerging diseases, insufficient broodstock and fry supply, as well as a lack of technology and manpower. To address these challenges and ensure the growth of aquaculture production, the government has implemented national policies and established training and broodstock centers throughout the country. In Madagascar, the CBA programme stands out as a success story and can serve as a template for other coastal regions and countries. In Tanzania, adoption of the CBA model for co-culture could be the future. In Indonesia, due to a very long coastlines and complicated legislation, IMTA seems to be particularly suitable, as successfully tested in model regions.
The thrombodynamics test as a new opportunity for a polyclinic surgeon to monitor postoperative venous thromboembolic complications
Authors: Babitskiy A. A. , Tkachenko A. N. , Davydenko V. V. , Lebedev N. N. , Shikhmetov A. N. , Korol M. Yu.
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Postoperative venous thromboembolic complications – a frequent and difficult to control problem for a polyclinic surgeon. Aim. To study and evaluate the possibilities of using the thrombodynamics test for the control of postoperative venous thromboembolic complications. Materials and methods. In 120 patients with common surgical pathology (chronic calculous cholecystitis, external abdominal hernias and varicose veins of the lower extremities), who underwent planned surgical treatment, stratified into risk groups of postoperative venous thromboembolic complications: low, moderate and high, in the postoperative period for 2–3, 7–9, 14–16, 30 days, a study of D-dimer, thrombodynamics test was conducted in parallel with ultrasound examination of the veins of the lower extremities. Results. It was revealed that hypercoagulation according to the thrombodynamics test was present in 34.2% of patients already at the first study, an increase in D-dimer was noted in 28.3% of patients at late follow-up, venous thrombosis was detected on ultrasound in 15% of the studied 6 people from each risk group within 2–15 days after surgery, carried in 83.3% The cases were asymptomatic, localized mainly in the deep veins of the lower leg and were always combined with hypercoagulation according to the thrombodynamics test and an increased level of D-dimer. It was noted that hypercoagulation against the background of the use of standard doses of anticoagulants in 61% of cases takes a positive trend, and in 39% remains unchanged. Discussion. Hypercoagulation recorded by the thrombodynamics test in the first days after surgery indicates insufficient effectiveness ofstandard thromboprophylaxis in the perioperative period. An increase in the D-dimer cannot be used as a prognosis of a prethrombotic state. Conclusions. Hypercoagulation as a precursor of venous thrombosis is well detected by the thrombodynamics test, its dynamics reflects the individual effectiveness of the use of anticoagulants, which justifies the possibility of using this indicator by a polyclinic surgeon in the control of postoperative venous thromboembolic complications.
Potentially Toxic Elements in Commercial Soap and Powder Detergent Samples
Authors: Torres Briyitte Sofia , Nunes Ihasmyn , de Paula Nattany Tayany , Paim Ana Paula
Published: October 2023

Dry decomposition, wet digestion, and dissolution in aqueous medium for direct analysis were evaluated for the preparation of eight samples of liquid and bar soap and one powder detergent for later determination of Cd, Mg, Pb, and Zn by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP OES). The evaluation of the best conditions for digestion of the samples were chosen from a set of tests where conventional heating using 1 mol L-1 HNO3 with addition of 30% H2O2 proved to be the most efficient method. The average hydrodynamic diameter of 525 nm was determined using dynamic light scattering measurements. The concentrations found were: Cd and Pb (< limit of detection (LOD)), Mg (50.89 to 1119 μg g-1), and Zn (280.25 to 537.54 μg g-1). After evaluating the sample preparation methods, the accuracy of the methodology was verified through recovery tests of analytes, obtaining values between 83 and 119% and a relative standard deviation (RSD) ≤ 4.30% (n = 6; 4 mg L-1). The LOD ranged from 0.015 to 0.5 µg g-1 and the limits of quantification (LOQ) from 0.045 to 2 µg g-1. The soaps and powder detergent samples studied here may be used without any harm to health as the contents were within the limits established by the legislation.
Web-based Application for Cancerous Object Segmentation in Ultrasound Images Using Active Contour Method
Authors: Oktaviyanti Dwi , Nugroho Anan , Wibawanto Hari , Subiyanto
Published: October 2023

Segmentation, or the process of separating clinical objects from surrounding tissue in medical images, is an important step in the Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) system. The CAD system is developed to assist radiologists in diagnosing cancer malignancy, which in this research is found in ultrasound (US) medical imaging. The manual segmentation process, which cannot be accessed remotely, is a limitation of the CAD system because cancer objects are screened frequently, continuously, and at all times. Therefore, this research aims to build a user-friendly web application called COSION (Cancerous Object Segmentation) that provides easy access for radiologists to segment cancer objects in US images by adopting an active contour method called HERBAC (Hybrid Edge & Region-Based Active Contour). The waterfall method was used to develop the web application with Django as the web framework. The successfully built web application is named Cosion. Cosion was tested on 114 radiology breast and thyroid US images. Functional, portability, efficiency, reliability, expert validation, and usability testing concluded that Cosion runs well and is suitable for use with a functionality value of 0.9375, an average GTmetrix score of 96.43±0.66%, 100% stress testing percentage, 77.5% expert validation, and 75.8% usability. These quantitative performances indicate that the COSION web application is suitable for implementation in the CAD system for US medical imaging.
Exploring the Relationship between Green IT Awareness and Adoption: A Case Study of IT Students in the Gaza Strip
Authors: Kollab Wessam M. , Yousef Yousef A.
Published: October 2023

Green computing, also known as GIT, has emerged as a crucial field in response to environmental concerns. This study focuses on assessing the level of GIT awareness and adoption among IT students at Al-Aqsa University in Gaza, as well as examining the relationship between GIT awareness and adoption. Data was collected through an online questionnaire completed by 273 participants. The questionnaire covered various aspects of GIT awareness, including understanding, environmental awareness, and e-waste awareness. The collected data was analyzed using statistical techniques such as principal component analysis, mean, and standard deviation. The results indicated that students possessed a satisfactory level of understanding of GIT concepts and the reasons for its adoption. Furthermore, the findings highlighted the significant impact of GIT awareness factors, including GIT understanding, environmental awareness, and e-waste awareness, on GIT adoption. However, it was observed that students did not consistently adhere to GIT guidelines, particularly in terms of frequent internet access and extended computer usage. Interestingly, no significant relationship was found between GIT adoption and students' academic standing. These findings provide valuable insights into the current state of GIT awareness and adoption among IT students and underscore the need for further efforts to promote sustainable computing practices.
Relatos sobre Nukalindué
Authors: Gil Gil Lorenzo Gabriel
Published: October 2023

Relatos sobre Nukalindué
A Systemic Review on Photodynamic Therapy: Emerging Technology with
Healing Process
Authors: Varshney Prachi , Kumar Yogesh , Yadav Devdhar , Singh Amit , Kagithala Naga Rani , Sharma Pramod Kumar , Porwal Omji , Fuloria Neeraj Kumar , Sharma Pradeep Kumar , Gupta Ashok Kumar , Rao G.S.N. Koteswara
Published: October 2023

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive treatment of cancer patients who take a
photosensitizer and expose their tumours to light after administering it topically or intravenously.
Understanding apoptosis under oxidative conditions makes PDT a more effective treatment. Tissue
oxygen, tumour-selective photosensitizer dyes, and customised lighting are needed to create fatal reactive
oxygen species (ROS) in cancer. PDT has decreased morbidity and improved survival and status
of life when used in combination with other treatments, especially in early-stage malignant tumours.
Using interstitial light delivery, PDT can cure large, hidden tumours that would otherwise
necessitate extensive surgery. This overview describes the foundational historical work that has
shaped the technique since the early 1900s. PDT's efficacy is also increased by innovative photosensitizers
and tweaks that increase tumour selectivity. Adverse effects and treatment during therapy, as
well as innovative PDT-based applications, are explored in this review. Finally, PDT research gaps
and clinical trials have been identified as potential issues.
Herbal Medicine- A Friend or a Foe of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Kaur Harmanjit , Singh Samneet , Kanagala Sai G. , Gupta Vasu , Patel Meet A. , Jain Rohit
Published: October 2023

Background:

Herbal remedies are used by 80% of the Asian population in primary
health care as per WHO. According to current research, the herbal medicine market was valued
at nearly USD 166 billion in 2021 and is expected to reach approximately USD 348 billion by
2028. Increased incidence of chronic conditions such as diabetes, asthma, coronary artery disease,
osteoarthritis, has fueled the growing interest in traditional herbal and plant-derived treatments
among researchers. In addition, rural communities in developing nations have renewed
interest in herbal treatments due to lower cost and easy availability.

Objective:

Aim of the paper is to highlight the role of five of more commonly used herbal medicines
that are Ginkgo biloba, Garlic, Flaxseed, Ginseng, Salvia miltiorrhiza in cardiovascular
disorders.

Methods:

A PubMed search was done using the keywords Herbal Medicine, Ginkgo biloba, Garlic,
Flaxseed, Ginseng, Salvia miltiorrhiza. Articles which were available for free access were
utilized. No formula inclusion or exclusion criteria was followed. A total of 42 papers were included
for the study.

Conclusion:

Although there have been encouraging outcomes with the use of these herbal medications,
many of these products are poorly monitored and are yet to be studied in detail regarding
their adverse effects. Moreover, these medicinal products are known to interact with various
drugs. To compete with the expanding pharmaceutical industry, more medicinally helpful herbal
items must be used and scientifically validated.
Radiolabeling of Zonisamide for a Diagnostic Perspective
Authors: Dervis Emine , Karatay Kadriye Busra , Durkan Kubra , Kilcar Ayfer Yurt
Published: October 2023

Objective::

Epilepsy is one of the oldest and the most common chronic neurological
diseases. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are the backbone of epilepsy treatment. However, epileptogenesis
has not been fully elucidated. One of the critical reasons for this is the lack of reliable
biomarkers. Neuroimaging suggests a non-invasive examination and investigation tool that can
detect critical pathophysiological changes involved in epileptogenesis and monitor disease progression.
In the current study, the radiolabeling potential of Zonisamide (ZNS) (the secondgeneration
AED) with Technetium-99m (99mTc) is examined to neuroimage the epileptogenic
processes by contributing to the development of potential radiotracers.

Methods::

ZNS was labeled with 99mTc and the radiochemical yield of [99mTc]Tc-ZNS was determined
with TLRC (Thin Layer Liquid Radio Chromatography and HPLRC (High Performance
Liquid Radio Chromatography) radiochromatographic methods. In vitro behavior of
[99mTc]Tc-ZNS was determined with time-dependent uptake of [99mTc]Tc-ZNS on the SHSY5Y
human neuroblastoma cells.

Results::

The radiochemical yield of [99mTc]Tc-ZNS was determined as 98.03 ± 1.24% (n = 6)
according to radiochromatographic studies results. [99mTc]Tc-ZNS demonstrated 5.38 and 6.18
times higher uptake values than the control group on the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell
line at 120 and 240 minutes, respectively.

Conclusion::

This study showed that the current radiolabeled antiepileptic drug has a diagnostic
potential to be used in imaging neurological processes.
Phytochemical Mapping to Comprehend the Bioactivity of Bixa orellana
L.
Authors: Thakur Mamta , Pal Rashmi Saxena , Pal Yogendra , Chaitanya MVNL
Published: October 2023

The "lipstick tree" is another name for the ornamental plant Bixa orellana L., which is
indigenous to South and Central America, the Caribbean Islands, and other regions of Asia. The
plant, also known as "Sinduri" or "Latkan," is utilized in India's food, dye, cosmetics, and traditional medicine sectors. Commercially, the plant seeds are significant because they yield bixin, a
carotenoid that colours dairy products and is used to manufacture "sindur" and "lipstick." The
primary substances present in various portions of this plant include carotenoids, apo carotenoids,
terpenes, terpenoids, sterols, and aliphatic chemicals. The various plant parts exhibit a variety of
possible health advantages, including antibacterial, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-histaminic, anti-diarrheal, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant qualities. The current study provides
an overview of Bixa orellana L.
Organic-Inorganic Perovskite Based Solar Cells
Authors: Rizwan M.
Published: October 2023

Traditional silicon-based solar cells have dominated the photovoltaic industry for quite some time now. Alternatives of these solar cells are being researched such as hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite-based solar cells, which are cost-effective and have the potential to achieve higher efficiency and performance. The characteristics of these perovskites can be controlled via substitution at A, B, or X sites since all these have a great impact on the overall performance. The components of perovskite solar cells (PSC) along with materials used for these layers, and fabrication techniques that give the optimized efficiency, challenges, and future perspective faced by perovskite solar cells are also deliberated.
Organometallic Halides-Based Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Hira U.
Published: October 2023

The energy crisis is increasing day by day and the natural resources of energy are rapidly decreasing from all around the world. The utilization of solar energy has become popular in the last few years. But the silicone-based solar cells (SCs) are too costly and not easily bought by everyone. A lot of experiments have been performed to make less expensive and more stable solar cells. Currently, scientists are trying to develop SCs through the utilization of organic and inorganic ionic materials. These compounds are usually considered organometallic halides-based perovskite solar cells (OMHP-SCs). They have properties of semiconductors and a remarkable p-n junction. Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained the attention of researchers owing to their excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE) and the maximum efficiency obtained so far is ~ 30%. But their instability in the environment ceases the practical application of OMHP-SCs. Therefore, in order to overcome the degradation of PSCs, a large number of passivation methods have been proposed such as suppression of ions, solvent engineering, hole conductor-free perovskite, etc. It is anticipated that OMHP-SCs will be available in the market in the coming years with great stability and PCE.
Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Guin M.
Published: October 2023

The breakthrough in 2012 for halide perovskite solar cells (PSC) left a deep impact on the next-generation solar cell. Lead halide perovskites have remarkable optoelectronic properties and are found to be highly efficient solar cells. However, the toxic nature of lead in these devices is of serious concern and set back the pace of their large-scale commercialization as PSC. The development of environment-friendly lead-free PSCs became the prime focus for scientists at large. In a short period, reasonable progress has been accomplished in lead-free PSCs. In this chapter present status of lead-free PSCs and prospects have been discussed. A detailed discussion of different strategies that can be adopted to enhance the photovoltaic efficiency of lead-free PSCs has been presented. We have also highlighted the materials to explore further progress in this area. Lastly, different fabrication processes of high-quality PSC film and associated challenges in improving efficiency have been provided.
Technical Potential Evaluation of Inorganic Tin Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Sua L.S.
Published: October 2023

A component that contributes to high efficiency is the photovoltaic cell design. The perovskite photovoltaic cell is a shining star in the world of the solar panel industry. Since perovskite structure allows ions as a dopant, this path with a variety of metal cations can be pursued further. Although the subject of selecting renewable energy supplies has been explored in the literature, the challenge of selecting solar panels has only been studied in a handful of studies. The inorganic tin perovskite photovoltaic cells as the selection problem with multiple-criteria decision-making methodology have not been researched yet. In this study, the most effective solar cell among the latest inorganic tin perovskite solar cells is analyzed by AHP methodology.
Directed Synthesis
Authors: Fisher David
Published: October 2023

Structure-directed synthesis aims at the design and preparation of novel solid-state structures; using the structure-directing capability of some molecular additive, the so-called structure-directing agent. This general train of thought has led to the development of many weird and wonderful strategies. The book presents an in-depth review of the field and discusses the potential for further developments. Some of the topics are listed under ‘Keywords’. The book references 343 original resources with their direct web links for in-depth reading.
Estimación del tamaño de una poblacion de Abronia lythrochila Smith & Álvarez del Toro, 1963 (Reptilia: Anguidae) en la Estación Biológica San José, Chiapas, México
Authors: Aranda Coello Manuel , Lievano Oropeza Paola
Published: October 2023

La lagartija arborícola Abronia lythrochila fue descrita hace unos 60 años; sin embargo, su historia natural sigue siendo poco investigada. El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la densidad poblacional y la distribución espacial de A. lythrochila en el Centro para la Conservación e Investigación de la Biodiversidad de los Altos de Chiapas (CECIBACH, anteriormente conocido como Estación Biológica San José) en Chiapas, México. Con base en los datos de campo recopilados entre 2017 y 2019, la densidad de población fue de 1.7 individuos/hectárea, lo que se traduce en un tamaño poblacional estimado de 7─89 ejemplares en la totalidad de las 16 hectáreas del CECIBACH. Debido a las actividades humanas que amenazan los bosques de los Altos de Chiapas, junto con la percepción errónea de la especie como peligrosamente venenosa, esta población de A. lythrochila podría estar sufriendo un declive continuo. El presente estudio ofrece la primera línea de base para la demografía poblacional comparativa de esta especie.
Predicting Waist Circumference From a Single Computed Tomography Image Using a Mobile App (Measure It): Development and Evaluation Study
Authors: Masmoudi Abderrahmen , Zouari Amine , Bouzid Ahmed , Fourati Kais , Baklouti Soulaimen , Ben Amar Mohamed , Boujelben Salah
Published: October 2023

Background

Despite the existing evidence that waist circumference (WC) provides independent and additive information to BMI when predicting morbidity and mortality, this measurement is not routinely obtained in clinical practice. Using computed tomography (CT) scan images, mobile health (mHealth) has the potential to make this abdominal obesity parameter easily available even in retrospective studies.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a mobile app as a tool for facilitating the measurement of WC based on a cross-sectional CT image.

Methods

The development process included three stages: determination of the principles of WC measurement from CT images, app prototype design, and validation. We performed a preliminary validity study in which we compared WC measurements obtained both by the conventional method using a tape measurement in a standing position and by the mobile app using the last abdominal CT slice not showing the iliac bone. Pearson correlation, student t tests, and Q-Q and Bland-Altman plots were used for statistical analysis. Moreover, to perform a diagnostic test evaluation, we also analyzed the accuracy of the app in detecting abdominal obesity.

Results

We developed a prototype of the app Measure It, which is capable of estimating WC from a single cross-sectional CT image. We used an estimation based on an ellipse formula adjusted to the gender of the patient. The validity study included 20 patients (10 men and 10 women). There was a good correlation between both measurements (Pearson R=0.906). The student t test showed no significant differences between the two measurements (P=.98). Both the Q-Q dispersion plot and Bland-Altman analysis graphs showed good overlap with some dispersion of extreme values. The diagnostic test evaluation showed an accuracy of 83% when using the mobile app to detect abdominal obesity.

Conclusions

This app is a simple and accessible mHealth tool to routinely measure WC as a valuable obesity indicator in clinical and research practice. A usability and validity evaluation among medical teams will be the next step before its use in clinical trials and multicentric studies.
A Video Game for Entrepreneurship Learning in Ecuador: Development Study
Authors: Crespo-Martinez Esteban , Bueno Salvador , Gallego M Dolores
Published: October 2023

Background

Games have been a part of human life since ancient times and are taught to children and adults who want to simultaneously have fun and learn. Nevertheless, in the third decade of this century, technology invites us to consider using video games to learn topics such as entrepreneurship. However, developing a serious game (SG) is difficult because everyone who forms part of the game development team requires adequate learning resources to acquire the necessary information and improve their game development skills.

Objective

This work aimed to detail the experience gained in developing ATIC (Aprende, Trabaja, Innova, Conquista [learn, work, innovate, conquer]), an SG proposed for teaching and learning entrepreneurship.

Methods

To develop a videogame, first, we established a game development team formed by professors, professionals, and students who have different roles in this project. Scrum was adopted as a project management method. To create concept art for the video game, designers collected ideas from various games, known as “getting references.” In contrast, narratology considers the life of a recent university graduate immersed in real life, considering locations, characteristics, and representative characters from an essential city of Ecuador

Results

In a Unity 3D video game in ATIC, the life of a university student who graduates and ventures into a world full of opportunities, barriers, and risks, where the player needs to make decisions, is simulated. The art of this video game, including sounds and music, is based on the landscape and characteristics of and characters from Cuenca, Ecuador. The game aims to teach entrepreneurs the mechanisms and processes to form their businesses. Thus, we developed the following elements of an SG: (1) world, (2) objects, (3) agents, and (4) events.

Conclusions

The narrative, mechanics, and art of video games are relevant. However, project management tools such as leaderboards and appointments are crucial to influencing individuals’ decision to continue to play, or not play, an SG. Developing a serious video game is not an easy task. It was essential to consider many factors, such as the video game audience, needs of learning, context, similarities with the real world, narrative, game mechanics, game art, and game sounds. However, overall, the primary purpose of a serious video game is to transmit knowledge in a fun way and to give adequate and timely feedback to the gamer. Finally, nothing is possible if the members of game development team are not satisfied with the project and not clear about their roles.
Integration of Ideological and Political Education into the Civil Engineering Curriculum: A Case Study of the “Steel Bridge” Course at Southwest Jiaotong University’s Hope College
Authors: Yu Yanfen , Deng Jiqing , Wang Siyue , Liang Aixia
Published: October 2023

This research paper explores the successful integration of ideological and political education into the curriculum of the civil engineering program, focusing on the course “Steel Bridge” at Southwest Jiaotong University’s Hope College. The study outlines the course objectives, curriculum design, teaching strategies, and assesses the impact of ideological and political education on students’ comprehensive development. By examining the course’s teaching methods, content, and effectiveness, the paper aims to provide insights into the broader implementation of ideological and political education in engineering education. The findings reveal notable improvements in students’ political awareness, moral character, and overall competence through the infusion of ideological and political elements within the technical curriculum. This case study serves as a model for similar courses and contributes to the ongoing discourse on cultivating well-rounded engineers with a strong sense of social responsibility and ethical values.
For Efficient Use of Arable Land in Central African Republic: Performance Analysis of Agricultural Land through Major Food Crops
Authors: Befio Paulin Epaphrodite
Published: October 2023

Throughout sub-Saharan Africa, land is a fundamental issue for economic development, food security, and poverty reduction. Land has a great importance for the economies and societies of a region, contributing a major share of GDP and employment in most countries, and constituting the main livelihood basis for a large part of the population. However, land is becoming gradually rare in many regions due to a variety of pressures. In the Central African Republic (CAR), most of the population is rural, dependent largely on farming or animal husbandry (primarily in nomadic systems) for food and incomes. Therefore, as in other region in Africa the land issue is becoming more and more a preoccupation although the abundant space in the country. In term of this work, we are analyzing the performance of agricultural land through major food crops in CAR by tempting to determine agricultural land efficiency used to increase its performance. That is to say, the work uses panel data, leading our analysis which is focused on the land performance for an efficient use, and the result shows that the relationship between crops yield per unit of land area, production and land area has period random effects. Regarding our model, the land area has a negative effect on the land performance.
Galenidad y masculinidad: semejanzas normativas, de performance y fenomenológicas”,
Authors: Villanueva Marcia
Published: October 2023

Aunque es sabido que existe una estrecha relación entre la masculinidad y la profesión médica, no se han tipificado las semejanzas que existen entre la galenidad (i.e. la identidad médica) y la masculinidad. A partir de una investigación cualitativa, este artículo presenta tres tipos de similitudes entre galenidad y masculinidad: normativas, de performance y fenomenológicas. Las primeras incluyen normas explícitas y tácitas, entre las que sobresale la fortaleza que exige la galenidad, fundada en una concepción heroico-militar de la masculinidad. Las afinidades de performance se refieren a la actuación de la galenidad y la masculinidad, e incluyen el merecimiento, la machoexplicación y expresiones diversas de la masculinidad tóxica. Las similitudes fenomenológicas dan cuenta de que médicos y varones coinciden en tener experiencias contradictorias. Se concluye que la galenidad es una identidad profesional masculinizada, lo que favorece la discriminación de género y el acoso sexual dentro del campo médico mexicano.
Análisis de la estrategia gubernamental asumida por el gobierno mexicano durante el COVID-19: Costos e implicaciones
Authors: Uvalle Berrones Ricardo
Published: October 2023

El trabajo analiza las condiciones y procesos de la estrategia de gobierno orientada para hacer frente a la pandemia del Covid-19. Se focaliza en un conjunto de fallas de gobierno que dan como resultado una gestión desarticulada y descoordinada que tiene su origen en el ejercicio vertical del poder y en el comportamiento de las autoridades de salud que se ciñen íntegramente, y sin escuchar otras opiniones, a las directrices que emitidas por la autoridad presidencial. En este sentido, los ritmos y resultados de la política sanitaria son desfavorables, dado que el Gobierno y la Administración pública no tuvieron autonomía de operación para decidir planes y estrategias de modo más efectivo
De la sociedad de individuos a la pluralización de la política
Authors: Posadas Velázquez Ruslan , López Llanos Víctor Hugo
Published: October 2023

En este artículo se plantean las formas en que los distintos procesos de individualización, derivados de la globalización, inciden en el quehacer político cotidiano, así como en la manera en que los individuos ejercen su derecho a la libertad en un ambiente condicionado por las estructuras económicas, nacionales y transnacionales, que promueven el individualismo institucionalizado
Análisis comparado de las elecciones de autoridades auxiliares en México
Authors: Miquel Hernández Montserrat
Published: October 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo es contrastar las distintas formas de elección de las autoridades auxiliares en México, comparando la reglamentación municipal, señalando al órgano en cargado de organizar esas elecciones y los requisitos para la participación. Las elecciones varían dependiendo la Ley Orgánica Municipal de cada entidad federativa, sin embargo, en los casos que son electos por voto popular, se extiende la representación electoral a un cuarto orden de gobierno
Política pública y su vínculo con el desarrollo y el bienestar infantil
Authors: Alveano Aguerrebere Itsi , Ayvar Campos Francisco Javier
Published: October 2023

En Morelia, Michoacán, México, las niñas, niños y adolescentes (NNA) presentan un desarrollo y bienestar infantil (DyBI) deficiente, el 49% vive en pobreza. El objetivo de estudio a analizar es la incidencia del Programa Estatal de Protección de NNA (PROESPINNA) 2017-2021 en DyBI en Morelia, Michoacán. Dado el nexo teórico entre políticas públicas (PP) y DyBI, se diseñaron instrumentos de opinión de NNA y expertas en infancia. Los resultados denotan relación positiva entre contexto socioeconómico y político de NNA y el DyBI. En ese sentido, el PROESPINNA influye sobre el DyBI, haciendo necesario el fortalecimiento y la transversalidad de PP a fin de una mayor cobertura de los derechos de infancia
Ambiente educativo y éxito académico: ¿Están relacionados en la educación médica?
Authors: Laverde-Robayo Diana Marcela , Trompetero- González Andrea Catalina , Vergel John , Quintero-Hernández Gustavo Adolfo
Published: October 2023

Introducción: El ambiente educativo en medicina es importante porque permite comprender cómo ocurre el currículo en su contexto y cómo es entendido por los estudiantes. Sin embargo, se le ha dado poca atención a la relación entre el ambiente educativo de los currículos integradores y el éxito académico de los estudiantes de medicina.

Objetivo: Determinar si la percepción estudiantil del ambiente educativo de un currículo médico integrador está asociada con su éxito académico.

Método: Estudio cuantitativo, no experimental, transversal y correlacional. Se analizaron variables de percepción estudiantil del ambiente educativo, usando el cuestionario validado DREEM durante el primer semestre de 2019. También se recolectaron datos del simulacro USMLE  Step 1 y las calificaciones de los estudiantes en los cursos de los tres primeros años de carrera para medir su éxito académico.

Resultados: 39 estudiantes participaron en el estudio. El puntaje promedio del DREEM fue 148/200, es decir, percibieron un ambiente con más elementos positivos que negativos. En el USMLE Step 1 se obtuvo un promedio de 30.92% y las notas del promedio académico fueron de 4.29/5.0 para el acumulado en tres años y 4.5/5.0 para el sexto semestre. No se encontró correlación entre el resultado total del DREEM y el puntaje en el simulacro del USMLE Step 1, ni con las calificaciones de los estudiantes.

Conclusiones: Los hallazgos sugieren que las percepciones de los estudiantes sobre un buen ambiente educativo, reflejadas en el DREEM, no se correlacionan con su éxito académico. Conviene determinar si los esfuerzos que se realicen para cualificar el ambiente educativo, en relación con un currículo como el nuestro, redundarán en un mayor éxito académico de los estudiantes, por lo que se sugiere realizar otros estudios a futuro.
Factores asociados al examen nacional del internado médico: Efectos del licenciamiento universitario
Authors: Flores-Cohaila Javier Alejandro , Miranda-Chávez Brayan , Fuentes-Yufra Andre , Rivarola-Hidalgo Marco , Copaja-Corzo Cesar
Published: October 2023

Introducción: El licenciamiento de los programas de medicina es un proceso fundamental para asegurar la calidad de la educación médica. Sin embargo, la evidencia del impacto de estos procesos es controversial.

Objetivo: Describir las características académicas e institucionales de estudiantes que rindieron el Examen de Internado Médico del Seguro Social de Salud (EsSalud) y explorar su asociación con el puntaje obtenido.

Método: Estudio transversal analítico de una base de datos secundaria de estudiantes de medicina que rindieron el Examen de EsSalud en Perú el 27 de diciembre del 2022. Evaluamos los factores asociados al puntaje del examen de EsSalud mediante regresión lineal.

Resultados: Evaluamos a 1,228 estudiantes de medicina que rindieron el examen de EsSalud. La mediana de puntaje en el Examen de EsSalud fue de 12.2 (rango 10.2 a 13.8), el 35.9% de los estudiantes aprobó el examen y solo el 26.5% proviene de una Universidad que cuenta con el programa de medicina ya licenciado. En el modelo ajustado, el puntaje en el Examen de EsSalud fue mayor en estudiantes que pertenecían a una universidad con el programa de medicina ya licenciado (β 0.5; IC 95%: 0.2 a 0.8) y aquellos con un promedio ponderado universitario mayor o igual a 13. Y el puntaje fue menor en estudiantes de universidades societarias (β –1.2; –1.6 a –0.8) o asociativa (β –2.0; –2.4 a –1.6).

Discusión: Examinamos los factores asociados con el desempeño en el examen nacional de internado médico en Perú. Se encontró que el licenciamiento de los programas de medicina y la pertenencia a universidades nacionales se relacionaron con puntajes más altos en el Examen de EsSalud. Recomendamos mejorar la transparencia de estos exámenes y continuar con el licenciamiento de los programas.

Conclusiones: Los estudiantes de medicina provenientes de universidades nacionales y con promedio mayor o igual a 13 tuvieron mejor desempeño en el Examen de EsSalud.
Guía para el desarrollo y la validación de las actividades profesionales a confiar
Authors: Durante Eduardo , García Diéguez Marcelo , Ladenheim Roberta , Palis Ana Gabriela , López María José , Arceo María Dolores , Cate Olle Ten
Published: October 2023

La educación basada en competencias (EBC) o en resultados se ha difundido en todo el mundo en las últimas décadas. Las competencias son inferidas a partir de los desempeños observados de los estudiantes o residentes; esta observación provee las bases para que puedan ser evaluadas para asegurar que dichas competencias se han adquirido. Los currículos basados en competencias deberían asegurar que aquellas más relevantes se alcancen al final del periodo de formación. Es en ese contexto, que se han desarrollado currículos basados en APROC (actividades profesionales a confiar o EPAs –entrustable professional activities– en inglés) como una forma más explícita y transparente de operacionalizar los resultados de la formación. Las actividades profesionales a confiar suponen un sistema de evaluación que considere un proceso progresivo de supervisión decreciente en la medida que el estudiante o residente va demostrando la adquisición de las competencias en cada una de las APROC.

La presente revisión intenta ofrecer una guía y orientación en lengua española, que permita el diseño metodológico de las APROC tanto en grado como postgrado. La guía incluye la definición de las APROC y sus características, la descripción del proceso en etapas de su desarrollo, y cómo buscarlas en la bibliografía.
Patrimônio e memória de bibliotecas universitárias no sul do Brasil
Authors: Bergamo Marques Luciana , Karpinski Cezar
Published: October 2023

Os documentos relativos às atividades-fim das bibliotecas universitárias que pareçam corriqueiros ou não oficiais –como campanhas de educação de usuários, antigos catálogos, manuais desatualizados, entre outros exemplos– constituem seu patrimônio documental e devem ser preservados a fim de propiciar memórias a seu respeito. A memória das bibliotecas universitárias, proporcionada por esses documentos históricos evita que o conhecimento gerado na sua rotina seja esquecido e valoriza o empenho de seus profissionais e usuários por educação, ciência e cultura. O objetivo desse artigo é apresentar os resultados obtidos por uma investigação sobre a realidade de preservação de documentos históricos das bibliotecas universitárias públicas no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A coleta de dados ocorreu em duas etapas, uma baseada em entrevistas presenciais e observação in loco, e outra baseada na análise dos sites das bibliotecas selecionadas. A interpretação dos resultados evidencia que grande parte do patrimônio documental dessas bibliotecas não tem recebido medidas de preservação como documentos históricos, o que coloca em risco a promoção de memórias sobre as bibliotecas universitárias.
Sobre el Número 17
Authors: De Derecho Posgrado
Published: October 2023

A partir del 01 de octubre de 2022 La Revista del Posgrado en Derecho ha tenido un cambio en la Dirección de la misma, derivado de lo anterior este número que tiene a la vista fue un trabajo conjunto de la Directora saliente Dra. Abril Uscanga Barradas y del Director Entrante, el Profesor Emérito Dr. Raúl Carrancá y Rivas; en ese orden de ideas nos permitimos presentar de manera enunciativa las contribuciones que cada uno de ellos compiló con el fin de integrar este número, a saber.
Conductismo y Constructivismo: su Trascendencia en la Enseñanza Universitaria.
Authors: Ramírez Espinoza Martha Aurora , Santaniello Santo
Published: October 2023

La Universidad es sinónimo de universalidad, lo que representa la aceptación, debate y asunción de cualquier posicionamiento científico, humanístico o filosófico. Su desarrollo histórico ha generado múltiples discusiones acerca de su papel en la sociedad, aunque en ningún momento se ha dubitado acerca de finalidad primordial que se centra en la tarea de enseñanza. Hoy día, existen dos vertientes que se disputan la forma de enseñar en las Universidades: el conductismo y el constructivismo. El primero encuentra su argumento central en el proceso de aprendizaje, acompañado de estímulos y refuerzo, para obtener respuestas por parte del o la estudiante, destacando la figura del profesor. El constructivismo propone un proceso dinámico e interactivo a través del cual el o la estudiante, van desarrollando sus destrezas y habilidades individuales, mediante un sistema de competencias y bajo la batuta del profesor, que les orienta para localizar la información, los guía para aplicar conocimientos y les alienta para resolver casos reales o pragmáticos. Hoy día, el constructivismo va ganando adeptos en las Universidades y en la Facultad de Derecho de la UNAM, se refleja en el Plan de Estudios 2117.
Planes de Estudio y Programas en Especialización, Maestría, Doctorado y Actualización en Derecho de 1970
Authors: 1972-73 SOC. de Alumnos
Published: October 2023

Esta nueva sección de la Revista, presenta documentos relacionados con el desarrollo de los Estudios del Posgrado en Derecho.13;
Damos a conocer este testimonio escrito que contiene interesantes elementos relacionados con la Especialidad, Maestría, Doctorado y Actualización. Documento de 100 pág.13;
Suicidio
Authors: Salas Angel Alonso
Published: October 2023

La obra analiza la situación del suicidio como un problema de salud pública en México y en el mundo, y plantea la posibilidad de contemplar algunos actos suicidas como suicidios “racionales”. Así, analiza los datos y la genealogía del suicidio y expone de manera amplia el suicidio como enfermedad, como pecado, como crimen o delito para, posteriormente, abordar el Derecho a la Autodeterminación Física. Este análisis es tan solo la antesala de una serie de interesantes planteamientos que resuelven el aspecto bioético de este tipo de actos, a través de la condena religiosa, la criminalización, el rechazo moral y la estigmatización médica, y del alcance de esta disciplina ante un aspecto de salud pública.
Neurofilosofía del yo. Autoconciencia e identidad personal
Authors: Díaz Gómez José Luis
Published: October 2023

El libro define los rasgos, aspectos y expresiones de diez fa­cetas o funciones particulares y peculiares de la autoconciencia que pueden operar por separado, coordinarse parcialmente o trabajar como un todo interactivo e integrado. Ordenadas de las más fundamentales hasta las más complejas, las funciones son las siguientes: (1) sensibilidad, (2) corporalidad, (3) situación, (4) agencia, (5) introspección, (6) autorreferencia, (7) evocación, (8) otredad, (9) identidad y (10) moralidad. Cada una de estas funciones se define, describe y analiza tanto por sus propiedades cognitivas, afectivas, volitivas y conductuales, como en referencia a sus bases cerebrales y funcionales más estudia­das y conocidas, asumiendo que unas y otras –las propiedades mentales y las corporales– forman parte de un mismo proce­so multifacético, estratificado, entrelazado y dinámico. En el epílogo del libro se esboza una síntesis de este decálogo funcional con fundamento en la persona humana, referente indudable de la autoconciencia.
Bioquinismo, un diálogo entre la bioética y el cinismo antiguo
Authors: Caudillo Lozano Jonathan
Published: October 2023

"Este libro es un intento por desentrañar y escuchar la intuición filosófica del movimiento cínico, tanto en la Antigüedad como en algunas de sus recepciones en la Filosofía contemporánea. Más que hacer una descripción histórica, su propósito es abrir las posibilidades que la impronta cínica ofrece para repensar problemas actuales sobre la relación del ser humano con lo viviente; no solamente al reconsiderar los planteamientos de la escuela cínica, sino también al aproximarse a una noción ampliada de la Bioética. El lector encontrará la propuesta de todo un paradigma que intenta repensar la relación de los seres humanos con la alteridad viviente, observando algunas resonancias de problemas planteados por el cinismo antiguo y por sus diversas recuperaciones modernas.
Walter Benjamin: fragmentos de una voz sin nombre
Authors: Mendoza Solís Emiliano José
Published: October 2023

El libro aborda la concepción de obra de arte en Walter Benjamin a partir de la influencia del Romanticismo temprano (Frühromantik). Tal relación permite comprender los procedimientos empleados por Benjamin desde sus primeras obras, los cuales emergen persistentemente en el desarrollo de su pensamiento. En este contexto, la experiencia estética parece estar más allá de todo tipo de acuerdo previo (entre sujeto y objeto), es decir, la experiencia muestra la imposibilidad de que la obra de arte dependa de una intención previa, comunicable en sí misma, exenta de confusiones, y cuyo destino es un lector o un espectador; la obra de arte no explica, no comunica, más bien apela problemáticamente. La apuesta principal es, pues, identificar las consecuencias de esta particular concepción, mediante el análisis de la teoría del lenguaje y de la crítica de la obra de arte.
Denoising of ECG and Estimation of the Baseline Using Group Sparse Regularization and Some Advanced Filtering Techniques
Authors: Rajani A. , Rekha Ch. Ramya
Published: October 2023

Abstract: In this context, the sparse features of the particular signal are taken into consideration to exhibit the technique of sparse optimization. This type of approach is derived from the traditional approach known as total variation. This traditional approach is the old one used to reduce the noise in a particular signal in order to rescue the sharp edges of the signal. In this context, majorization and minimization are the major keys to getting the desired noise-free signal. Along with that, most advanced filters like median filters and moving average filters are considered in order to gain a noise-free signal, and the signal will be more vulnerable to identification. Using the filters discussed above, the signal can be determined in the high SNR ranges as well.
Estudio comparado de las políticas públicas de cuidado en Argentina y Uruguay (2007-2017)
Authors: Carmona Gallego Diego Ezequiel
Published: October 2023

El presente es definido por muchos autores como una época caracterizada por una crisis del cuidado, signada por el envejecimiento poblacional, la transformación en las estructuras familiares y la incorporación de las mujeres al mercado de empleo. Este artículo se focaliza en la dimensión del cuidado como tarea y trabajo, desde propuestas que consideran el carácter clave del Estado para pensar la reorganización social de los cuidados. En este marco, se centra en un estudio sobre el diseño de las políticas de cuidado en Argentina y Uruguay en el periodo que abarca desde el año 2007 hasta el 2017. Se desarrolló una metodología de enfoque comparado y con intención descriptiva, a través de un análisis documental. Se seleccionaron legislaciones vigentes y programas públicos que contemplasen políticas de cuidado en sus tres dimensiones, tiempos, servicios y recursos. Hacia el final se desarrollan conclusiones sobre similitudes y diferencias entre un país que cuenta con políticas de cuidado unificadas en un sistema y regidas por los mismos objetivos, y otro que cuenta con políticas dispersas y sin instituciones específicas para la gestión de las mismas.