bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determining the Interstellar Wind Longitudinal Inflow Evolution Using Pickup Ions in the Helium Focusing Cone
Authors: Spitzer Sarah A. , Lepri Susan T. , Raines Jim M. , Gilbert Jason A. , Bower Jonathan , Dewey Ryan M. , Möbius Eberhard
Published: October 2024

The size, shape, and composition of the heliosphere are affected by its interaction with the local interstellar medium. A means of quantifying this interaction is by measuring the relative motion of the two media. We determine the flow direction,

λ
ISN

, of the interstellar wind through the heliosphere and its trend over an 11 yr solar cycle using Advanced Composition Explorer/Solar Wind Ion Composition Spectrometer He+ double-coincidence pickup ion (PUI) measurements from a data set spanning 13 full orbits, with focusing cone crossings occurring between the years 1998 and 2010. We measure the flow direction by fitting a kappa function to the focusing cone signature in the count rates of He+ at the PUI cutoff measured as a function of ecliptic longitude. We determine

λ
ISN

for each three-orbit boxcar centered on the years 1999 through 2009 and find the trend of the resulting linear fit. We account for solar transients by removing measurements associated with CMEs. However, there still may be effects from compression regions, such as stream–stream and corotating interaction regions. We additionally make considerations to ensure the PUI torus is in view, to account for varying interplanetary magnetic field angles, to ensure that we analyze newly injected interstellar PUIs largely unaffected by transport effects, and to account for general solar activity. We measure a slope in the flow direction to be 0.00° ± 0.51°​​​​ yr−1, indicating that we do not measure a varying trend over this period. We repeat the focusing cone analysis for the combined data set and determine an overall flow direction of 75.37° ± 0.43°.
What Are the Pillars of Reionization? Revising the AGN Luminosity Function at z ∼ 5
Authors: Grazian Andrea , Giallongo Emanuele , Boutsia Konstantina , Cristiani Stefano , Fontanot Fabio , Bischetti Manuela , Bisigello Laura , Bongiorno Angela , Calderone Giorgio , Chiti Tegli Francesco , Cupani Guido , De Lucia Gabriella , D’Odorico Valentina , Feruglio Chiara , Fiore Fabrizio , Gandolfi Giovanni , Girardi Giorgia , Guarneri Francesco , Hirschmann Michaela , Porru Matteo , Rodighiero Giulia , Saccheo Ivano , Simioni Matteo , Trost Andrea , Viitanen Akke
Published: October 2024

In the past, high-z active galactic nuclei (AGNs) were given a minor role as possible drivers of reionization, despite initial evidence in favor of their large space densities at low luminosities by Chandra and the Hubble Space Telescope. Recent observations from JWST are finding relatively large numbers of faint AGNs at z > 4, convincingly confirming these early results. We present a sample of z ∼ 5 AGNs, both from wide, shallow ground-based surveys and from deep, pencil-beam observations from JWST, allowing us to estimate their space densities with unprecedented accuracy. The bright end (M
1450 < −26) of the z ∼ 5 AGN luminosity function is well constrained, with a rather steep slope. The faint end (M
1450 ≥ −22) indicates a high space density, the scatter is significant, and the knee (M
1450 ∼ −24) is mostly undetermined. Comparisons with state-of-the-art models find reasonable agreement with the observed AGN luminosity function at z = 5, while the predicted space density evolution at higher redshifts appears to be too fast with respect to observational constraints. Given the large variance at the faint end, we consider different options in fitting the luminosity functions and deriving the ionizing emissivity. Even in the most conservative scenario, the photoionization rate produced by z ∼ 5 AGNs is consistent with the ultraviolet background measurements. A slow evolution of the space density of faint AGNs is observed, indicating that active SMBHs are probably producing large amounts of ionizing photons at z > 6, well into the Epoch of Reionization. This is an important indication that high-z AGNs could be major contributors to the reionization of the Universe.
Detection of Dimethyl Ether in the Central Region of the MWC 480 Protoplanetary Disk
Authors: Yamato Yoshihide , Aikawa Yuri , Guzmán Viviana V. , Furuya Kenji , Notsu Shota , Cataldi Gianni , Öberg Karin I. , Qi Chunhua , Law Charles J. , Huang Jane , Teague Richard , Le Gal Romane
Published: October 2024

Characterizing the chemistry of complex organic molecules (COMs) at the epoch of planet formation provides insights into the chemical evolution of the interstellar medium (ISM) and the origin of organic materials in our solar system. We report a detection of dimethyl ether (CH3OCH3) in the disk around the Herbig Ae star MWC 480 with sensitive Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations. This is the first detection of CH3OCH3 in a nontransitional Class II disk. The spatially unresolved, compact (≲25 au in radius) nature, broad line width (∼30 km s−1), and high excitation temperature (∼200 K) indicate the sublimation of COMs in the warm inner disk. Despite the detection of CH3OCH3, methanol (CH3OH), the most abundant COM in the ISM, has not been detected, from which we constrain the column density ratio of CH3OCH3/CH3OH ≳ 7. This high ratio may indicate the reprocessing of COMs during the disk phase, as well as the effect of the physical structure in the inner disk. We also find that this ratio is higher than in COM-rich transition disks recently discovered. This may indicate that in the full disk of MWC 480, COMs have experienced substantial chemical reprocessing in the innermost region, while the COM emission in the transition disks predominantly traces the inherited ice sublimating at the dust cavity edge located at larger radii (≳20 au).
Repeating Nuclear Transients from Repeating Partial Tidal Disruption Events: Reproducing ASASSN-14ko and AT2020vdq
Authors: Bandopadhyay Ananya , Coughlin Eric R. , Nixon C. J. , Pasham Dheeraj R.
Published: October 2024

Some electromagnetic outbursts from the nuclei of distant galaxies have been found to repeat on months-to-years timescales, and each of these sources can putatively arise from the accretion flares generated through the repeated tidal stripping of a star on a bound orbit about a supermassive black hole (SMBH), i.e., a repeating partial tidal disruption event (rpTDE). Here, we test the rpTDE model through analytical estimates and hydrodynamical simulations of the interaction between a range of stars, which differ from one another in mass and age, and an SMBH. We show that higher-mass (≳1M
⊙), evolved stars can survive many (≳10−100) encounters with an SMBH while simultaneously losing few × 0.01M
⊙, resulting in accretion flares that are approximately evenly spaced in time with nearly the same amplitude, quantitatively reproducing ASASSN-14ko. We also show that the energy imparted to the star via tides can lead to a change in its orbital period that is comparable to the observed decay in the recurrence time of ASASSN-14ko’s flares,

P

̇

≃
−
0.0026

. Contrarily, lower-mass and less-evolved stars lose progressively more mass and produce brighter accretion flares on subsequent encounters for the same pericenter distances, leading to the rapid destruction of the star and cessation of flares. Such systems cannot reproduce ASASSN-14ko-like transients, but are promising candidates for recreating events such as AT2020vdq, which displayed a second and much brighter outburst compared to the first. Our results imply that the lightcurves of repeating transients are tightly coupled with stellar type.
A Magnetized Strongly Turbulent Corona as the Source of Neutrinos from NGC 1068
Authors: Fiorillo Damiano F. G. , Comisso Luca , Peretti Enrico , Petropoulou Maria , Sironi Lorenzo
Published: October 2024

The cores of active galactic nuclei are potential accelerators of 10–100 TeV cosmic rays, in turn producing high-energy neutrinos. This picture was confirmed by the compelling evidence of a TeV neutrino signal from the nearby active galaxy NGC 1068, leaving open the question of what is the site and mechanism of cosmic-ray acceleration. One candidate is the magnetized turbulence surrounding the central supermassive black hole. Recent particle-in-cell simulations of magnetized turbulence indicate that stochastic cosmic-ray acceleration is nonresonant, in contrast to the assumptions of previous studies. We show that this has important consequences on a self-consistent theory of neutrino production in the corona, leading to a more rapid cosmic-ray acceleration than previously considered. The turbulent magnetic-field fluctuations needed to explain the neutrino signal are consistent with a magnetically powered corona. We find that strong turbulence, with turbulent magnetic energy density higher than 1% of the rest-mass energy density, naturally explains the normalization of the IceCube neutrino flux, in addition to the neutrino spectral shape. Only a fraction of the protons in the corona, which can be directly inferred from the neutrino signal, are accelerated to high energies. Thus, in this framework, the neutrino signal from NGC 1068 provides a testbed for particle acceleration in magnetized turbulence.
Two psammobiont species of Anomalohalacarus (Acari, Halacaridae) from South Korea
Authors: Shin Jong Hak , Chang Cheon Young , lee Jimin
Published: October 2024

The genus Anomalohalacarus Newell, 1949, which is known to occur exclusively inhabiting sand, has not been previously reported from Korea. During a recent survey of the meiofauna from several intertidal sandy beaches in South Korea, we found both sexes of two psammobiont halacarids, Anomalohalacarus angustus sp. nov. and A. biformis Abé, 1996.

Both species are similar to each other in sharing an undivided posterior dorsal plate, three and two setae on the anterior and posterior epimeral plates, respectively, three bipectinate setae on tibia IV, and four ventral setae on tarsus I. However, A. angustus sp. nov. is distinguished from A. biformis by the absence of areolae posteriorly on the anterior dorsal plate, a much more slender posterior dorsal plate, a pair of subgenital setae on the genital foramen in females, and seven branched perigenital setae on the genitoanal plate in males. The feature of branched perigenital setae in males is reported for the first time in the genus Anomalohalacarus. The Korean specimens of A. biformis agree well with the original description from Japan, except for the number of ventral bipectinate setae on tibia II. This study presents (re)descriptions of both species with detailed illustrations and provides a dichotomous key to Anomalohalacarus species, including the new species, based on morphological characters. The genus Anomalohalacarus is reported for the first time in South Korea.
Microhabitat preferences in the European green lizard (Lacerta viridis): implications for conservation management of isolated populations
Authors: Chmelař Jan , Frynta Daniel , Rudolfová Veronika , Fischer David , Rehák Ivan
Published: October 2024

The European green lizard (Lacerta viridis) populations in Bohemia, Czech Republic, are isolated by more than 150 km from the northern border of the continuous range of the species. These populations are fragmented and further isolated from each other. In this landscape mosaic, they are tied to specific habitats located in deeply incised river valleys (the so-called river phenomenon) and thus may be viewed as stenotopic. The research site is located on the northern edge of the city of Prague. Since 1998, this site has been the subject of long-term conservation management aimed at strengthening and maintaining the abundance of the local L. viridis population. To formulate recommendations for the management of other isolated L. viridis populations, we performed a spatial analysis of the localities with observed individuals to determine and evaluate the significance of the chosen biotic and abiotic factors for habitat discrimination. We applied principal components and discriminant function analyses and examined the effect of 24 variables on the species’ presence. The results revealed the principal role of the presence of rock debris and hiding places for lizard occurrence. The strongest negative predictors were the presence of tall grass and high vegetation coverage. We discuss the applicability of our findings in both the theory and practice of species conservation and population management.
Biological invasions threaten crops: Alien Himalayan balsam lures and co-opts floral visitors away from cultivated cherry tomatoes
Authors: Najberek Kamil , Patejuk Katarzyna , Czeluśniak Izabela , Solarz Wojciech , Hojniak Marek , Kaczmarek-Pieńczewska Agata , Jakubska-Busse Anna
Published: October 2024

While it has been demonstrated that invasive alien plants pose a threat to co-occurring wild-growing native plants by attracting their pollinators, we know almost nothing about their impact on crop pollination. Alien plants with attractive flowers sometimes occur close to crops and may influence yields when they share the same pollinators and have overlapping flowering periods. We present the results of an experiment on the impact of alien balsam (Impatiens glandulifera) on the pollination of cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme). We verified whether balsam decreases the number of insect visits to the tomato flowers or, conversely, whether balsam may have a positive influence on the pollination rate of the crop. We also assessed crop production with and without the insect visitors. The study was conducted in southern Poland under garden and greenhouse experimental conditions simulating small-scale cultivation of the crop with a neighbouring patch of the alien plant. The studied plants were exposed to insects visiting flowers of the following variants: only one of the two species was exposed or both species were exposed together. Moreover, two factors that may influence insect visits in flowers were assessed: the chemical composition of the floral scent that attracts insects and floral pathogens infesting pollinators that may deter them. The number of insect visits (mainly Bombus pascuorum) on the tomato flowers decreased significantly when the plants were exposed to the alien balsam. Moreover, alien balsam secreted more flower attractants (mainly fatty acids and their esters) than tomatoes, which could explain more frequent insect visits in balsam flowers. However, the floral pathogens probably had a negligible impact on the number of insect visits to the flowers of the two plants. The level of infestation on both studied species was relatively low (I. glandulifera: 5.1% of all pathogen colonies grown in a laboratory, S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme: 4.2% and 2.6% of all colonies in the garden and greenhouse, respectively) and we found no pathogens known to infect pollinators. It should be noted, however, that some of these pathogens (e.g. Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) are known to cause severe diseases in many crops. Our results revealed that the presence of attractive invasive alien species near small-scale cultivations may negatively affect crop pollination, resulting in smaller fruit size and irregular shape. The impact of such alien species on crop production and the agricultural economy on a large scale requires further study.
Perceptions, Criticalities, and Potentials of Game-Based Trainings for Inclusion
Authors: Modarelli Giuseppe , Rainero Christian
Published: October 2024

Diversity and inclusion (D&I) are pivotal in cultivating a favorable society, profoundly influencing both individual and collective welfare within educational and occupational contexts. Contemporary studies underscore the role of gaming as a potent medium for advancing D&I principles, thereby bolstering collaboration and personal growth. Furthermore, proficient management of diversity within work environments not only adheres to legal standards but also yields economic advantages, such as heightened job satisfaction. To explore significant dimensions of the D&I research domain related to the lens of pedagogical gaming, the authors propose (a) a comprehensive review of the literature, also considering a historical developmental overview of the concepts of diversity and gaming; (b) an empirical field study aimed at assessing the primary potentials, along with positive and negative perceptions, as well as critical challenges associated with pedagogical gaming methodologies.
Game-Learning in Action
Authors: Aureli Selena , Bartolini Monica , Moschini Giorgia
Published: October 2024

Human capital (HC) plays an important role in organizations, serving as a primary source of innovation and competitiveness. Assessment and disclosure of how HC is managed and enhanced are fundamental elements of every sustainability report. However, companies and consultants might not be prepared for HC disclosure. Accounting practitioners did not learn about sustainability and HC reporting during their university career, nor are they familiar with procedures to draw up and audit ESG reports. Hence, this chapter aims to enhance education in sustainability and HC reporting through an engaging and active teaching approach, called game-based learning, designed to improve learners' performance by boosting both engagement and motivation. The authors propose a team-based board game incorporating serious game elements, which blends innovative contents on the role of HC (D&I included) in value creation and sustainability disclosure. The game was tested and applied with international university students.
The Presence of Leptospira sp. and Leptospirosis Risk Factor Analysis in Boyolali District
Authors: Setyaningsih Yuliani , Bahtiar Nurdin , Kartini Apoina , Pradigdo Siti Fatimah , Saraswati Lintang Dian
Published: October 2024

Background

Leptospirosis is a health problem that causes death in Indonesia. In 2017, Boyolali District was reported that the number of leptospirosis cases reached 40.62 per 100,000 population with a CFR of 23.52%. The determination of risk factors and Leptospira bacteria's presence in the body of water plays an essential role in the transmission of leptospirosis.

Design and methods

This study aims to determine the risk factors and Leptospira bacteria's presence in water bodies in Boyolali District. This research is descriptive research with a survey method using a cross-sectional design and an analytical study using an observational method with a case-control approach. The sample was 100 water samples from wells, rivers, and paddy fields in endemic and non-endemic areas of leptospirosis. This study's population was 34 people with leptospirosis in Boyolali Regency in January 2017 - August 2018.

Results

There was a significant relationship between leptospirosis incidence in the Boyolali Regency with garbage, the pet presence, a history of injuries, and field activity. Leptospira bacteria are found in rivers (18.18%) and rice fields (6.67%), while in sub-districts with cases occur almost every year. Leptospira are found in wells (18.18%) and rice fields (6.67%).

Conclusions

People should pay more attention to home sanitation and the surrounding environment to avoid leptospirosis.
Personal and Psychological Predictors of Glycemic Control among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes at a Tertiary Care Center in Ghana
Authors: Yorke Ernest , Boima Vincent , Ganu Vincent , Twumazi Louisa , Gyaban-Mensah Anna , Agyabeng Kofi , Kretchy Irene , Mate-Kole Christopher Charles
Published: October 2024

Background:

As diabetes is a chronic disease, patients must make adjustments to their lifestyle and self-care practices to live optimally with the disease and reduce associated morbidity. Their ability to make these adjustments is partly dependent on their coping capacity and resilience, which may enhance glycemic control.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study involving 156 consented and randomly selected type 2 diabetes patients was conducted at Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, a national health facility in Accra, Ghana. Structured questionnaires were used to extract information on sociodemographic characteristics and clinical parameters (including glycemic control), while the Africultural Coping Systems Inventory and the Adult Resilience Measure were administered to assess cultural variables and resilience. Stata version 16.1 was used to analyze the data, and the significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05.

Results:

Ethnicity, age, and working status were significantly associated with glycemic control. Adjusted binary logistic regression revealed that the odds of good glycemic control among nonhypertensive patients was 2.8 times greater compared with hypertensive patients (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–7.69); while the odds of good glycemic control increase by 17% with every 1-point increase in the resilience caregiver arm score (aOR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.01–1.37).

Conclusions:

Efforts should be made toward implementing proactive measures aimed at enhancing income levels, coping strategies, and resilience among patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Such initiatives are crucial for assisting individuals in adapting to the chronic nature of the condition and its associated treatment regimen, ultimately leading to improved glycemic control and treatment outcomes.
Critical Appraisal of Īśvarī (Aristolochia indica L.) in Viṣa Chikitsa with Respect to Classical Ayurveda and Traditional Texts on Toxicology
Authors: Munnoorkayil Deepthi , Sharma Anita , Sugatha Deepak Anilkumar
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:

Īśvarī, Aristolochia indica, belonging to the Aristolochiaceae family is a big climber. Aristolochia species have been used widely in traditional viṣa vaidya. The herb is known for its therapeutic efficacy in snake bite cases. Studies indicate that Īśvarī possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, abortifacient, analgesic, antidiarrheal activity, cytotoxic activity, hypoglycemic activity, antibacterial activity, pesticidal activity, mast cell-stabilizing, and antipruritic properties. Studies also proved the anti-ophidian, anti-scorpion, and antimalarial properties of Īśvarī.

Objective:

This review is aimed at providing comprehensive information regarding Īśvarī in classical Ayurveda books and traditional viṣa vaidya texts.

Materials and Methods:

Data on Īśvarī were collected from 11 Nighaṇḍu (lexicons), 10 Saṃhita and Chikitsa grantha, and 4 Viṣa chikitsa grantha. In addition, the information is gathered from indexed databases (Google Scholar and PubMed) for evaluating the efficacy of Īśvarī in poisoning cases.

Results:

In saṃhitas, Īśvarī is mentioned as an ingredient in only six formulations. However, in the Viṣa chikitsa grantha, we can see a wide application of this plant as a single medicine or in combination. Īśvarī is an ingredient in 32 main formulations in Viṣa chikitsa grantha.

Conclusion:

In Viṣa chikitsa, the herbal medicine Īśvarī has a miraculous healing role. This herb was widely implemented by the ancient viṣa vaidyas for healing the effects of poisoning.
Cholesterol Crystals – A Beautiful Incidental Finding in Pleural Fluid
Authors: Surabhi  , Singh Avinash , Kumar Tanmay , Kumari Pummi
Published: October 2024

Chyliform (pseudochylous) pleural effusions build up over time as a result of the breakdown of cellular lipids in long-lasting pleural effusions such as those caused by tuberculosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Due to the high quantities of cholesterol in the pleural fluid and the presence of cholesterol crystals, these are also known as cholesterol effusions. We present the case report of a 62-year-old man who visited the outpatient pulmonary medicine clinic with a complaint of cough, hemoptysis, and shortness of breath. On radiological examination, a pleural effusion on the left side was found. A diagnosis of pseudochylous effusion was determined on the basis of the distinctive cytological features in the pleural fluid.
Hemangioma Neck: Clinical Overview and Management
Authors: Suri Harsh , Shenoy Salonee , Basheer Luhluwa , Poral Ananya Shree
Published: October 2024

Hemangiomas are benign vascular tumors that arise due to the proliferation of blood vessels. They can occur anywhere in the body but rarely occur in the neck. They are broadly classified into capillary and cavernous hemangioma. Here, we present a case of a 53-year-old female who presented to our outpatient department with swelling on the right side of the neck for 3 years with a recent increase in size associated with tingling, numbness, and pain in the right shoulder radiating to the arms and fingers for 6 months. Imaging studies suggested the diagnosis of right cervical hemangioma. After two failed sclerotherapy attempts, surgical excision of the mass was performed. Histopathology was suggestive of venous hemangioma.
Coverage and evaluation survey of post-mass drug administration for lymphatic filariasis in four endemic districts of Uttar Pradesh: are we on the track?
Authors: Paul Sourabh , Seth Aswani Kumar , Pawar Neeraj , Singh Abhay , Shukla Mukesh , Nath Bhola
Published: October 2024

Background & objectives:

There is a persistent high microfilaria rate and variable reporting of coverage of Mass Drug Administration (MDA). The study aims to estimate the coverage, effective coverage, and compliance of drugs administered under MDA and to determine the predictors affecting the effective coverage.

Methods:

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Amethi, Lucknow, Raebareli and Sultanpur districts of Uttar Pradesh, India. The study participants were selected using multi-stage random sampling using Probability Proportional to Estimated Size (PPES). The coverage, effective coverage and compliance of drugs were presented as proportion. The multivariable logistic regression model was applied to identify the significant predictors for effective coverage.

Results:

Of 4151 participants, 997 (24.0%), 340 (8.2%), 1158 (27.9%) and 1656 (39.9%) belonged to Amethi, Lucknow, Raebareli and Sultanpur districts respectively. The coverage ranged from 49.8% to 87.9% and effective coverage ranged from 51.8% to 73.2% across districts. The compliance was the poorest (70.7%) in Sultanpur. The source of information about MDA, the sex of the study participants and the area of residence emerged as predictors for effective coverage in the districts.

Interpretation & conclusion:

The effective coverage was poor with good drug complianceacross the districts. There is a need for a well-designed pre-MDA campaign addressing the fear of side effects of drugs and emphasising the presence of the community during the MDA round along with monitoring and evaluation of the round.
Bridging the gaps: prioritizing research strategies for enhanced malaria control and elimination
Authors: Alghamdi Rashed
Published: October 2024

Malaria continues to be a significant global health challenge, with millions of cases and hundreds of thousands of deaths reported annually. To combat this disease effectively, it is imperative to identify and address significant research gaps in malaria control and elimination efforts. This review synthesizes current knowledge and highlights critical gaps in several crucial areas of malaria research. Firstly, we discuss the complexities of vector biology and control, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of vector behavior, particularly in urban settings. Secondly, the study examines the challenges posed by drug resistance and the urgent need for alternative treatment strategies and novel drug targets. Thirdly, the review explores the ongoing quest for an effective malaria vaccine, underscoring the importance of understanding immunological correlates of protection. The study also explores medication resistance genes and genomic epidemiology, highlighting the need for more investigation into potential targets for drugs and vaccine candidates. Furthermore, it addresses the socioeconomic and environmental determinants of malaria transmission, highlighting the importance of integrating multidisciplinary approaches to address transmission dynamics. The study concludes with a discussion of how malaria transmission is impacted by climate change and the necessity of research to guide adaptation measures.
Intercalating compounds alongside DNA helicase Q1 Plasmodium falciparum 3D7: Assessments of the Pharmacokinetic Properties Prediction of ADME
Authors: Shakoori Afnan , Alhindi Zain , Alobaidy Mohammad , Moulana Amna , Qashgari Ayman , Bagadood Rehab M , Sindi Ghadir , Atwah Banan , Khan Anmar Anwar
Published: October 2024

Background & objectives:

Quantum chemical & molecular docking practices to deliver new perceptions into how etoposide, novobiocin, nogalamycin and netropsin interact with the biological targets PF3D7_0918600 (Plasmodium falciparum 3D7). Further the pharmacokinetics of a drug candidate which influenced by a variety of factors, including P- glycoprotein (Pgp) transport, PBB (Plasma protein binding), & BBB (Blood-brain barrier) permeation help to forecast the pharmacological characteristics of acetyl-CoA reductase inhibitors (ADMEs) and their metabolites.

Methods:

At this point, we have elevated four compounds such as etoposide, novobiocin, nogalamycin & netropsin. We have also studied molecular docking against the target protein of the Plasmodium falciparum (PF3D7_0918600) through exhausting the AutoDock Vina platform and AutoDock-Tools (ADT) and pharmacokinetic properties were carried out using the ADMET 2.0.

Results:

The relative results of molecular docking recommended a greater binding affinity of novobiocin with the selected receptors among other compounds. In-silico ADME screening is a computational approach utilised to forecast the pharmacological characteristics of acetyl- CoA reductase inhibitors (ADMEs) and their metabolites.

Interpretation & conclusion:

The ADMEs are based on the adsorption-desorption kinetics and pharmacopoeia. Adsorption and distribution analysis are used to assess the potential of the drug candidate. In vitro ADME is exploited to expect the effect of Pgp transport on the drug candidates. ADME has been used to predict CYP1A2 inhibitors and to predict PPB and BBB penetration. This paper summarizes the current knowledge on molecular docking, ADME and identifies potential drug candidates for ADME in vitro and in vivo.
Pre-measure spaces and pre-integration spaces in predicative Bishop-Cheng measure theory
Authors: Petrakis Iosif , Zeuner Max
Published: October 2024

Bishop's measure theory (BMT) is an abstraction of the measure theory of a
locally compact metric space $X$, and the use of an informal notion of a
set-indexed family of complemented subsets is crucial to its predicative
character. The more general Bishop-Cheng measure theory (BCMT) is a
constructive version of the classical Daniell approach to measure and
integration, and highly impredicative, as many of its fundamental notions, such
as the integration space of $p$-integrable functions $L^p$, rely on
quantification over proper classes (from the constructive point of view). In
this paper we introduce the notions of a pre-measure and pre-integration space,
a predicative variation of the Bishop-Cheng notion of a measure space and of an
integration space, respectively. Working within Bishop Set Theory (BST), and
using the theory of set-indexed families of complemented subsets and
set-indexed families of real-valued partial functions within BST, we apply the
implicit, predicative spirit of BMT to BCMT. As a first example, we present the
pre-measure space of complemented detachable subsets of a set $X$ with the
Dirac-measure, concentrated at a single point. Furthermore, we translate in our
predicative framework the non-trivial, Bishop-Cheng construction of an
integration space from a given measure space, showing that a pre-measure space
induces the pre-integration space of simple functions associated to it.
Finally, a predicative construction of the canonically integrable functions
$L^1$, as the completion of an integration space, is included.
Asynchronous Session-Based Concurrency: Deadlock-freedom in Cyclic Process Networks
Authors: Heuvel Bas van den , Pérez Jorge A.
Published: October 2024

We tackle the challenge of ensuring the deadlock-freedom property for
message-passing processes that communicate asynchronously in cyclic process
networks. Our contributions are twofold. First, we present Asynchronous
Priority-based Classical Processes (APCP), a session-typed process framework
that supports asynchronous communication, delegation, and recursion in cyclic
process networks. Building upon the Curry-Howard correspondences between linear
logic and session types, we establish essential meta-theoretical results for
APCP, most notably deadlock freedom. Second, we present a new concurrent
$\lambda$-calculus with asynchronous session types, dubbed LASTn. We illustrate
LASTn by example and establish its meta-theoretical results; in particular, we
show how to soundly transfer the deadlock-freedom guarantee from APCP. To this
end, we develop a translation of terms in LASTn into processes in APCP that
satisfies a strong formulation of operational correspondence.
Post-release dispersal and home range of translocated red deer in the Vojvodina province (Serbia)
Authors: Stankov Branislav , Cvetković Đorđe , Stamenković Srđan , Gačić Dragan
Published: October 2024

Monitoring of 38 (12 male and 26 female) red deer translocated from Ivo Wildlife Park (Romania) to hunting ground "Bosutske Forest" (Vojvodina, Serbia) was conducted from 2017 to 2021. The red deer were translocated in lieu of the managing authority's efforts to counteract the effects of red deer losses due to catastrophic flooding in the region. All animals were ear-tagged, while 7 males and 10 females were fitted with GPS collars. A total of 2,288 valid signals were analyzed (565 from males and 1,723 from females). In addition, 1,333 sighting records were collected from eight observation posts (480 in 2019, 670 in 2020 and 183 in 2021). We determined the movements and spatial distribution of translocated animals in the new habitat and estimated their home range sizes. Home range was calculated using the minimum convex polygon method, while the core area was calculated using the kernel density estimator method. The greatest straight-line distance from the acclimatisation enclosure was essentially the same for both sexes (average 6.0 km for males and 6.4 km for females). A non-significant relationship existed between the number of days in captivity and the greatest straight-line distance, as well as between days in captivity and the core area of the home range. The estimated home range of males was 12.8 km2 (range 0.2‒36.1), smaller than that of females (20.6 km2, range 0.4‒68.7), but this difference was not statistically significant. Observations made independently showed mostly herds of 4 to 6 individuals (52.3%), while large herds (≥ 10 individuals) were rare. Participation of translocated and resident animals in mixed herds was common during the monitoring period (62.3%). Our results showed that a high level of acceptance of the new habitat and social cohesion between translocated and resident animals was achieved. We believe that this is due to two main reasons: firstly, the long-term stay in a large acclimatisation enclosure prior to release and secondly, year-round supplemental feeding coupled with an abundant natural food supply in this unique forest area also contributed to successful acclimatisation.
Keywords: Cervus elaphus; population; habitat; home range size; red deer; management
The August Coup
Authors: Yellap Arjun
Published: October 2024

“The coup… was a shock to the rest of the world”1 said Mr. Burns. “We began to realize it was possible that the Soviet Union might break up -- might cease to exist. It was unimaginable before that."2 These were Nicholas Burn’s remarks, the director for Soviet affairs during President H.W Bush’s administration, and the fall of the Soviet Union. The August Coup was an attempted coup by 8 hardline conservatives3 to overthrow Mikhail Gorbachev’s rule of the Soviet Union in August 1991. They were opposed to Gorbachev’s reform program of “perestroika” (meaning restructuring), were angered at the loss of control over territories in Eastern Europe and most important of all, were fearful of the New Union Treaty, which would further consolidate power from Moscow to its 15 republics.
Redefining Consciousness
Authors: Frimpong Frank Asamoah
Published: October 2024

This Paper examined hot topics of Consciousness, emergence, supervenience, terrestrial planets, fine tuning of earth, the Goldilocks, and the concept of dualism, all of which physicists now consider worthy of scientific inquiry. Analysis of these topics led to many findings namely, how the earth acquired high level of fine tuning (from the Sun’s energy) while earth’s three terrestrial neighbors Mercury, Venus, and Mars, failed to achieve fine tuning as reason there is life on Earth, but there is no life on other three terrestrial planets. This Paper examined the Goldilocks and found earth’s central position in the Goldilocks as the main reason earth alone acquired favorable fine tuning for life to appear on earth. This Paper has traced the origin of Consciousness to the concept of emergence. This Paper found that Consciousness is an emergent property of a fine-tuned earth. Hence, Consciousness is not fundamental. This research has answered one of the most fundamental questions about Consciousness that; Consciousness is not monist but dual. Consciousness consists of two different and opposite parts namely, Cosmic Consciousness and Objective Consciousness. Objective consciousness is the type of consciousness derived from the brain known to physicists, psychologists, neuroscientists, and everyone else. This Paper found that dualism and dual Consciousness underpins every living organism in nature through the dual principles of Opposites and Complementarity of opposites such as, matter/energy, body/mind, male/female. Hence, the Supremacy of Dualism prevails. This Paper examined supervenience and how Consciousness supervenes matter similar to how magnet supervenes a loadstone.
Insights on Aligning Teaching Practices with Competence-Based Education in Kosovo: Navigating School Leadership Challenges
Authors: I. Boshtrakaj Lindita , Shabani Prof. Dr. Arafat
Published: October 2024

The study explores the gaps and challenges in developing students' key competencies and identifies the factors hindering school principals' effectiveness in supporting student achievements in Kosovo. It analyzes perspectives from school principals, teachers, and Quality Assurance Coordinators, using data from interviews, questionnaires, and focus groups. Key findings identify major gaps in fostering students' key competencies, such as insufficient hands-on experiences, age-appropriate questioning, personalized instruction, self-assessment, and technology-based activities. Factors hindering progress include teacher underperformance at critical stages, an aging workforce, demotivation, poor infrastructure, and limited parental involvement. Despite school principals' clear vision for competency-based instruction, they face significant challenges in improving both teacher performance and student achievement. The study recommends practical, school-based strategies to improve teaching quality, instructional practices, and support for students' competency development. These findings emphasize the need for targeted policy interventions and actionable strategies to overcome barriers and drive meaningful educational reform in Kosovo.
Research on Changes in Agricultural Land Area in An Giang Province (2010 - 2015)
Authors: Xuan Loc Nguyen Thi
Published: October 2024

This study focuses on changes in agricultural land area in An Giang Province from 2010 to 2015. The results indicate that factors such as urbanization, changes in economic structure, land policy, and climate change have significantly impacted the agricultural land area during this period. The study also provides recommendations for managing and using agricultural land effectively and sustainably. By flexibly applying government land policies, An Giang Province has been striving to adjust its agricultural land area. To date, changes in the province's agricultural land area remain a significant issue that requires further research. Therefore, the study on "Changes in Agricultural Land Area in An Giang Province from 2010 to 2015" is of high scientific and practical significance. The research aims to analyze changes in agricultural land area, compare it across different periods of increase and decrease, and identify patterns and development processes to enhance economic efficiency and address social issues in An Giang Province.
Exploring NATO's Impact on the War in Ukraine: An Investigation into the Alliance's Role and Potential Strategies for Intervention
Authors: Karasinska Hanna
Published: October 2024

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has gained increasing importance, particularly in light of Russia's annexation of Crimea in 2014 and subsequent military actions in the war in Ukraine. Despite Ukraine's official request to join NATO, it remains a partner rather than a member, prompting criticism and calls for more assertive actions. NATO’s growing engagement in Eastern Europe has generated issues regarding whether Ukraine should be recognized as a member and whether current internal policies should be reframed to align with potential future establishments. Ukraine's official request to join NATO was as early as 2008, though only grew to draw relevance during the war, which resulted in substantial discussion about NATO's role in the conflict, including a significant increase in criticism of the alliance. Many have deemed their engagement as too risky, while others have advocated for even more direct measures. In order To evaluate these scenarios, a policy review as well as literature review was conducted. Several matrices were utilized to present the positives and negatives of the existing status quo, as well as other alternatives that would fit the vision of safeguarding the international relations of Ukraine. The following paper will discuss the possibility of seeking a middle ground, an alternative approach in which Ukraine and NATO maintain global security while simultaneously ensuring Ukrainian stability.
White is The New Black: The Demonetization Effect
Authors: Banerjee Ayan , Oza Priyanka , Mazumdar Sana , Bhansali Anushka
Published: October 2024

First, this paper attempts to analyze the effectiveness of demonetization in eradicating the amount of black money or the size of the black economy in the Indian context, with the use of four main indicators. Respective data, from before and after the event, is compared to understand its true impact. Then, this paper proposes its own solutions to eradicate black money in the economy; by way of incorporating ‘nudging’ to increase tax compliance, and increasing transparency in the government through the mechanism of e- governance.
Making Social Entrepreneurship More Social: An In-Depth Examination of Goonj, Rang De and Agastya International Foundation
Authors: Agarwal Yaksh
Published: October 2024

In a world as capitalistic as today’s, it becomes hard-pressed to find businesses working for the good of the people with no ulterior motive. That is where social entrepreneurs come in. They observe the world through a lens different from most traditional businesses- their goal being social betterment, not monetary benefit. Social entrepreneurship has been on the rise for the past few decades and it is picking up speed. From reusing and recycling scrap cloth to provide women with menstrual aid like Goonj, to assisting people with a simple microfinance credit model, to changing the education system by training teachers and students alike, social enterprises in India are revolutionizing the way businesses run. They are people-centred, their primary focus being enhancing human value, not profits. This paper attempts to elucidate how social enterprises operate and how they work together with the community to bring about a positive change in their quality of living.
Semiconductor as the Backbone in the Technological Era: A Case Study of Taiwan’s Capacity and Implications for Vietnam
Authors: Bao LE Khue
Published: October 2024

This article explores the crucial role of semiconductors in the technological era, with a focus on Taiwan's significant contributions and their implications for Vietnam's semiconductor sector development. Taiwan's advanced semiconductor industry, bolstered by strategic government policies, infrastructural development, and substantial R&D investments, has established the country as a global leader in the field. Drawing on Taiwan's successes and analyzing Vietnam's current semiconductor landscape, the study suggests pathways for Vietnam's semiconductor sector development. Despite current limitations, Vietnam has the potential to become a major participant through targeted policies, investments in education and infrastructure, and strategic international partnerships.
Fostering Financial Literacy for the Visually Impaired: Improving Accessibility and NGO Collaboration
Authors: Zhang Tianyi , Ning Ethan , Ng Jayden , Zou Jason , Zhang Gary
Published: October 2024

This research paper examines the importance of financial literacy, and the specific challenges faced by visually impaired individuals in China. Financial literacy is vital for making informed monetary decisions and safeguarding against exploitation. The visually impaired population in China, estimated at 17 million, encounters difficulties in perceiving boundaries, understanding regulations, and accessing technical documents, making them more vulnerable to exploitation by employers. Limited access to microfinance, portfolio diversification, and labor arbitration tools further compounds their challenges. A questionnaire revealed a lack of public knowledge about financial rights and labor laws protecting visually impaired individuals, along with a consensus that more attention should be given to their rights and interests. Our innovation project developed Braille guidebooks, launched online platforms, and started promotional campaigns. By collaborating with Beijing Hong Dan Dan Charity, we facilitated connections with schools, distributing over 100 guidebooks to over 500 visually impaired students across 20 schools. The successful implementation of the guidebooks and multimedia platforms demonstrates potential for positive social impact in addressing the financial literacy needs of visually impaired individuals in China.
ETHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ELECTROCHEMICAL GOLD LEACHING
Authors:   Vladikavkaz Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, GOLIK V.I.
Published: October 2024

The results of a study of new technologies for extracting goldfrom stubborn raw materials in filtration columns with modeling of leaching processes are presented. The prospects of electrochemical methods of metal extraction from solutions with a combination of electrochemical softening of solutions with electrodialysis desalination and concentration are characterized. Recommendations for optimizing the parameters of technological processes are given. The research results may be in demand in the design of new and modernization of existing mining enterprises, in educational institutions and in professional development of specialists in this field of mining production.