bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inaugurazione del 73° Anno accademico dell'Accademia Italiana di Scienze Forestali
Authors: Ciancio Orazio
Published: September 2024

Il 9 maggio 2024., nella Sala Luca Giordano di Palazzo Medici Riccardi, cortesemente concessa dalla Città Metropolitana di Firenze, alla presenza di numerose Autorità e di un folto pubblico, si è tenuta la Cerimonia di inaugurazione del 73° anno di attività dell’Accademia Italiana di Scienze Forestali. Il Presidente Orazio Ciancio ha illustrato l’attività dell’Accademia e ha concluso con una breve relazione sul tema “La Silvosistemica o L’ Italian Forest Theory”. La prolusione, dal titolo “Natura e gestione forestale” è stata tenuta dall’Accademica Susanna Nocentini, Già Prof.ssa Ordinaria di Selvicoltura e Assestamento Forestale nell’Università di Firenze. Al termine della Cerimonia sono stati consegnati i diplomi ai nuovi Accademici e i premi indetti dall’UNIF (Unione Nazionale per l’Innovazione Scientifica e Forestale) in collaborazione con l’Accademia, per le migliori tesi di dottorato nel settore forestale.
A 3D U-NET BASED ON EARLY FUSION MODEL: IMPROVEMENT, COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS WITH STATE-OF-THE-ART MODELS AND FINE-TUNING
Authors: Kayhan Beyza , Uymaz Sait Ali
Published: September 2024

Multi-organ segmentation is the process of identifying and separating multiple organs in medical images. This segmentation allows for the detection of structural abnormalities by examining the morphological structure of organs. Carrying out the process quickly and precisely has become an important issue in today's conditions. In recent years, researchers have used various technologies for the automatic segmentation of multiple organs. In this study, improvements were made to increase the multi-organ segmentation performance of the 3D U-Net based fusion model combining HSV and grayscale color spaces and compared with state-of-the-art models. Training and testing were performed on the MICCAI 2015 dataset published at Vanderbilt University, which contains 3D abdominal CT images in NIfTI format. The model's performance was evaluated using the Dice similarity coefficient. In the tests, the liver organ showed the highest Dice score. Considering the average Dice score of all organs, and comparing it with other models, it has been observed that the fusion approach model yields promising results.
INITIATED CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION (iCVD) OF POLY(ACRYLIC ACID): A COMPARISON BETWEEN CONTINUOUS AND CLOSED-BATCH iCVD APPROACHES
Authors: Yılmaz Kurtuluş , Sevgili Mercan Emine , Gürsoy Mehmet , Karaman Mustafa
Published: September 2024

In this study, poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) thin films were deposited on silicon wafer and glass surfaces by initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) method using di-tert-butyl peroxide (TBPO) as the initiator and acrylic acid (AA) as the monomer. During iCVD, two different precursor feeding approaches, namely continuous and closed-batch, were employed. The effects of substrate temperature and the precursor feeding approaches on the deposition rates and surface morphology of the films were investigated. The highest deposition rates for the continuous and closed-batch iCVD approaches were found as 26.1 nm/min and 18.6 nm/min, respectively, at a substrate temperature of 15 °C. FTIR analysis of the films deposited by both approaches indicated high structural retention of the monomer during the polymerization. AFM results indicated that, PAA thin films possessed low RMS roughness values of 2.76 nm and 1.84 nm using continuous and closed-batch iCVD, respectively. Due to the slightly higher surface roughness of the film deposited under continuous iCVD, that film exhibited a lower water contact angle of 16.1° than the film deposited in closed-batch iCVD. In terms of monomer utilization ratio, closed-batch system was found to be more effective, which may help to minimize the carbon footprint of iCVD process.
Efektivitas Antibakteri Sediaan Susu Pembersih(Milk cleanser) Ekstrak Ranting Tanaman Patah Tulang (Euphorbia tirucalli) terhadap Propionibacterium acne
Authors: Qomah Isti , Rejeki Desi Sri , Listina Osie
Published: September 2024

Ranting tanaman patah tulang (Euphorbia tirucalli) dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai antibakteri. Kandungan metabolit sekunder yang dimiliki ranting patah tulang meliputi flavonoid, steroid, dan tannin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan sediaan milk cleanser dengan ekstrak etanol ranting tanaman patah tulang dan menguji aktivitas antibakteri dengan konsentrasi 5,10, dan 15% terhadap pertumbuhan Propionibacterium acne. Metode penelitian aktivitas bakteri terhadap Propionibacterium acne dilakukan dengan metode sumuran. Hasil penelitian ranting tanaman patah tulang mengandung senyawa saponin, tannin, alkaloid dan flavonoid.  Ekstrak memenuhi kadar air 4,5% dan kadar abu total 0,15%. Hasil aktivitas antibakteri milk cleanser ekstrak ranting tanaman patah tulang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan Propionibacterium acne dengan konsentrasi F1(5%) daya hambat sedang, konsentrasi F2 (10%) daya hambat kuat dan konsentrasi F3 (15%) daya hambat sangat kuat. Berdasarkan uji One Way Anova pada ekstrak ranting tanaman patah tulang memiliki nilai signifikansi 0,000 dimana nilai F hitung > F tabel atau 216,706 > 4,07. Sedangkan pada uji sediaan milk cleanser memiliki nilai signifikansi 0,000 dimana nilai F hitung > F tabel atau 568,300 > 4,07. Sehingga hipotesis diterima yang berarti ada pengaruh perbedaan daya hambat milk cleanser ekstrak ranting tanaman patah tulang.
Evaluasi Pengelolaan Obat di Puskesmas Boyolali I Tahun 2022
Authors: Listiana Endah , Pambudi Risma Sakti , Khusna Khotimatul
Published: September 2024

Puskesmas adalah fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan yang menyelenggarakan upaya kesehatan masyarakat dan upaya kesehatan perseorangan tingkat pertama. Permasalahan yang sering terjadi di Puskesmas adalah cara pengelolaan obat yang kurang baik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengelolaan obat yang ada di Puskesmas Boyolali I selama tahun 2022 dengan menggunakan indikator kesesuaian item obat yang tersedia dengan DOEN (Daftar Obat Esensial Nasional), presentase ketepatan dalam pemilihan obat, dan tingkat ketersediaan obat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan metode kuantitatif. Analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan data retrospektif, yaitu dengan menggunakan data LPLPO (Lembar Pemakaian dan Lembar Permintaan Obat) Puskesmas Boyolali I tahun 2022. Hasil yang didapatkan pada indikator kesesuaian item obat dengan DOEN sebesar 68,95 %, ketepatan dalam permintaan obat sebesar 97,55 %, dan tingkat ketersediaan obat sebesar 14,53 bulan. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa pada indikator kesesuaian item obat dengan DOEN belum memenuhi standar yang ditetapkan, pada indikator ketepatan permintaan obat juga belum memenuhi standar, dan pada indikator tingkat ketersediaan obat telah memenuhi standar yang ditetapkan oleh Depkes RI.
Gambaran Pengetahuan Produk, Label Halal, dan Keputusan Pembelian Suplemen pada Mahasiswa Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Yogyakarta
Authors: Sulistyoningsih Vera Dwi , Yogananda Amrina Amalia , Hasanudin Muhammad Nurul
Published: September 2024

Suplemen kesehatan merupakan produk untuk membantu melengkapi gizi. Label halal merupakan tanda bahwa produk tersebut bebas dari bahan yang berbahaya dan haram. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan, label halal, dan keputusan pembelian produk suplemen pada mahasiswa Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama (UNU) Yogyakarta. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode kuantitatif dengan model pendekatan cross-sectional dengan menggunakan instrumen kuesioner yang diberikan kepada mahasiswa UNU Yogyakarta. Data dianalisis dengan analisis univariat. Berdasarkan karakteristik responden, sebanyak 57% responden berjenis kelamin perempuan, sebanyak 42% responden berusia 22 tahun, dan sebanyak 70% responden memiliki uang saku Rp 250.000 – <Rp 400.000. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan gambaran pengetahuan produk suplemen dibagi menjadi 3 kategori yaitu rendah sebanyak 5%, sedang sebanyak 37%, dan tinggi sebanyak 58%. Gambaran label halal dibagi menjadi 2 kategori yaitu responden yang tidak paham terhadap label halal sebanyak 6% dan responden yang paham terhadap label halal sebanyak 94%. Gambaran keputusan pembelian dibagi menjadi 2 kategori yaitu responden yang tidak akan membeli produk suplemen sebanyak 5% dan responden yang akan membeli produk suplemen sebanyak 95%. Sebagian besar responden mahasiswa memiliki pengetahuan yang tinggi mengenai produk suplemen, sebagian besar mahasiswa memahami label halal pada kemasan produk, dan sebagian besar mahasiswa memutuskan untuk membeli produk suplemen.
Penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran KWL (Know Want to Learn) untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Membaca dan Hasil Belajar Kognitif Siswa Kelas VII SMP Muhammadiyah Mataram
Authors: Sriana Sriana , Samsuri Taufik
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan membaca dan hasil belajar kognitif siswa kelas VII SMP Muhammadiyah Mataram melalui penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran KWL (Know Want to Learn) pada mata pelajaran IPA Biologi. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, masing-masing terdiri dari tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran KWL secara signifikan meningkatkan keterampilan membaca siswa dari kategori "Cukup Terampil" dengan persentase 47,5% pada Siklus I menjadi "Sangat Terampil" dengan persentase 87,5% pada Siklus II. Selain itu, keterlaksanaan Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) juga meningkat dari 68,75% pada Siklus I menjadi 87,5% pada Siklus II. Meskipun demikian, ketuntasan klasikal hasil belajar kognitif siswa pada Siklus II hanya mencapai 75%, masih di bawah target ketuntasan 85% yang diharapkan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Strategi Pembelajaran KWL efektif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan membaca dan memberikan dampak positif terhadap hasil belajar kognitif siswa, meskipun diperlukan penyesuaian lebih lanjut untuk mencapai ketuntasan belajar yang lebih optimal. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah pentingnya pengelolaan kelas yang lebih baik, perencanaan pembelajaran yang matang, serta motivasi yang konsisten dari guru dalam penerapan strategi pembelajaran yang inovatif.
Implementation of the KWL (Know Want to Learn) Learning Strategy to Enhance Reading Skills and Cognitive Learning Outcomes of Seventh-Grade Students at SMP Muhammadiyah Mataram
Abstract
This study aims to enhance reading skills and cognitive learning outcomes of seventh-grade students at SMP Muhammadiyah Mataram through the implementation of the KWL (Know Want to Learn) Learning Strategy in Biology lessons. This Classroom Action Research (CAR) was conducted in two cycles, each consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The results indicate that the KWL Learning Strategy significantly improved students' reading skills from the "Moderately Skilled" category with a percentage of 47.5% in Cycle I to "Highly Skilled" with a percentage of 87.5% in Cycle II. Additionally, the implementation of the Lesson Plan (RPP) increased from 68.75% in Cycle I to 87.5% in Cycle II. However, the classical completeness of students' cognitive learning outcomes in Cycle II reached only 75%, still below the expected 85% target. The findings suggest that the KWL Learning Strategy is effective in improving reading skills and positively impacts students' cognitive learning outcomes, although further adjustments are needed to achieve optimal learning completeness. The implications of this study highlight the importance of better classroom management, thorough lesson planning, and consistent teacher motivation in the implementation of innovative learning strategies.
الحجاج من خلال حُجة النفعية في شعر وهاب شريف
Authors: جبر مجيد , سلمان سرحان
Published: September 2024

ذا البحث من خلال المواقف الحجاجية ضمن حجة النفعية في شعر وهاب شريف , إذ جاءَ في مقدمة ومدخل لمفهوم الحجاج ومادة البحث التي تشكل مفهوم واقعي في عملية الحجاج من خلال النفعية , فيلحظ أن الشاعر قد شخص دلالات هذه المحطات الحجاجية من حيث الخطاب الشعري , وأثر الحجاج الواضح في هذه العملية الحجاجية الخطابية ؛ لغرض تقديم رسالة سامية في الحجاج وتحقيق القناعة لدى المتلقي من حيث الأفكار,  والمادة الحجاجية المطروحة في الخطاب , ثم وضحت أهم نتائج البحث التي تمخضت بمفاهيم النفعية بهيئة  الحجج الواقعية على وفق نظرية الحجاج عند شاييم بيرلمان , وكذلك بوضع لائحة بالمصادر والمراجع على وفق ترتيب الحروف الهجائية .
التشبيه في رسائل القاضي الفاضل ( ت 596هـ )
Authors: جبر زينب , الخاقاني امل
Published: September 2024

إن التشبيه من أهم وسائل البيان العـربي التي وظفها الكاتب في رسائله لتوصيل فكـره إلـى
المتـلقي والتأثير به وتجسيد مشاعره وأحاسيسه , مما يجعله يسرح فـي عـالم الخيال , لـذا نجـده
يستعمل أساليب البيان المتعددة بشكـل واسـع وخاصةً التشبيـه بأنـواعـه المتـنوعة , وبـهذا حقـق
الغرض الاساسي من هذا الفن وهو تقريب المعنى .
القرعة في الملكية المشاعة
Authors: عبد اليمه سندس , عبيد عبد الزهرة
Published: September 2024

تناول البحث كيفية فرز الأموال المشاعة بين الشركاء عن طريق إجراء القرعة في الشريعة الإسلامية، وبسبب كثرة هذا النوع من الملكية في المجتمع وحاجة الملاك إلى التصرف في ملكياتهم وإنهاء الشيوع والعمل على اختصاص الشريك وتفرده في المال وحده دون قيد أو شرط، ودون أن يمنعه من التصرف في ملكه مانع، فقد أصلت الشريعة الإسلامية لهذه الطرق لإنهاء الملكية المشاعة ،بوضع بعض القيود التي تحد من سلطة المالك في التعامل معها  وإنهاءها بما لا يتعارض مع مصالح الغير وبيان بعض الحالات التي تمنع من التصرف  بالملكية المشاعة وقسمتها على اختلاف أنواع القسمة وإفراز الأموال المشاعة وإنهاء الشيوع ،فوضعت الشريعة أحكام دقيقة وواضحة لمنع الشركاء من التعسف في حقوق الآخرين حسب ما هو مفصل في البحث.
وقد تعرض البحث إلى مفهوم القرعة ومشروعيتها في القرآن والسنة ،وكذلك بيان أهم الآراء التي تعرض لها الفقهاء في القرعة، وبيان الحكم الشرعي لها بمعالجة ما يطرأ على الأموال  من ضرر .
وقد توصل الباحث إلى عدة نتائج من خلال الخوض في هذا البحث لمعالجة هذه الحالات التي تطرأ على المال .
حركية التغيرات الدورية المطرية في العراق
Authors: الوائلي مثنى , العبودي قاسم
Published: September 2024

تتخذ الأمطار المتساقطة على العراق نوعا من الحركية التي تتم بما يتناسب مع الظروف المسببة للأمطار في طبقات الجو السطحية والعليا، فضلا عن التغيرات المناخية والتي بدورها تهيئ الظروف المسببة لتغير الأمطار او تحركها، ومن ثم قد تظهر لدينا ديناميكية مطرية معينة، ومن خلال هذا البحث سوف نبين ما إذا كانت هنالك حركية معينة لأمطار العراق. إذ تنتاب الامطار تغيرات وحركية مستمرة تتجه عموما نحو التناقص في أشهر معينة والزيادة الطفيفة في أشهر أخرى فضلا عن التناقص العام في معدلاتها العامة، وفي هذا البحث سنتناول في المبحث الاول التغيرات الدورية التي تتعرض لها كميات الامطار لخمس دورات مناخية تمتد للمدة (1964-2018)، مقسمة (11عام) لكل دورة، اما المبحث الثاني فيبين التغيرات المطرية الدورية مقارنة بالمعدل العام لمدة الدراسة، ويوضح المبحث الثالث التغيرات الحركية الإيجابية والسلبية الشهرية والسنوية للأمطار في العراق
بلاغة الحجاج في أشعار فاطمة الزهراء (ع)
Authors: محسن حنان
Published: September 2024

شهد الدرس النقدي ميلاد العديد من النظريات النقدية الحديثة؛ ومنها نظرية تحليل الخطاب الحجاجي, وفرضت هذه النظرية نفسها في ميادين المعرفة لما تتمتع به من شمولية لكل ما يتعلق بالبنية اللغوية والبلاغية للنصوص, وغاصت داخل الخطاب الشعري في محاولة جادة لسبر أغواره .
     وهدف هذه الورقة البحثية قراءة الخطاب الشعري الحجاجي الذي جادت به قريحة السيدة فاطمة الزهراء (u)، ودورها في بثّ العقيدة والنصح والارشاد, فشخصية السيدة الزهراء لم تكن شخصية اعتيادية بل كانت شخصية ذات تأثير عميق في نفوس المسلمين عامة .
والشعر الذي قالته السيدة فاطمة لم يكن ذا هدف فني إبداعي ؛ بل كان عينة للبيئة التي عاشتها السيدة عليها السلام , فقد أكثرت من الرثاء والنُصح, ونحن سنتناول هذا الشعر من منظور نقدي حجاجي, وستقدم هذه الورقة لمحة عن تحليل الخطاب الحجاجي ومن ثم الولوج في تحليل النص.
      اتجه الدرس النقدي في تحليل الخطاب الأدبي إلى أسلوب حجاجي وإقناعي يمتلك آليات التخاطب المعرفي والحجج والبراهين؛ لغرض توظيف المعنى الكامن في النص وايصاله إلى المتّلقي, ومدى تأثيره في سمو الحس الأدبي.
     والتحليل الإقناعي بدأ يأخذ طريقهُ ويفرض نفسه في فضاءات التحليل الأدبي في كيفية التعامل مع النصوص ذات المعطيات الفنية, وحينما جاءت موجة التنقيب عن قراءات عدّة لوجوه بلاغية, تمركز الدرس الحجاجي على تلك الموجة, وبدأنا نشهد تحولًا من نظريات ما بعد المناهج النصية إلى نظريات الحجاج النقدية والفلسفية .
ومنهجية البحث تتطلب تقسيمه إلى جانبين, جانب يختص بآليات الخطاب الحجاجي وجانب يختض بالنموذجات التطبيقية من أشعار السيدة فاطمة الزهراء عليها السلام, ثم خاتمة و قائمة بالمصادر والمراجع .
أدب المقاومة الفلسطيني والمثاقفة العالميّة دراسة نقديّة
Authors: عباس عباس , حافظ حسين , عبد الله نيان
Published: September 2024

تظلّ قضيّة المقاومة واحدة من أخطر القضايا الإنسانية التي تعكس معاناة الشعوب في علاقتها بالآخر ،من منظور علاقة المغلوب بالغالب ، أو المستعمَر بالمستعمِر ، وقد اتخذ موضوع المقاومة بعده الأدبي والإنساني ، منذ بدايات يقظة الشعور الوطني إبان وقوع البلاد العربية في قبضة الاستعمار ، حيث مارس الأديب العربي دوره في حثّ الشعوب على الثورة والمقاومة والاستشهاد دفاعا عن  الوطن ، وسبيلا للتخلص من الاحتلال والعدوان والاستعمار ، ولا شك أن قضيّة فلسطين تبرز كأهم وأبرز قضيّة وطنيّة عربيّة ، إسلاميّة ، عالميّة في هذا السياق . ومن هنا جاء هذا البحث ليجلو التعالق والتثاقف مع الأدب العالمي عند أدباء المقاومة الفلسطينيّة ، لما لهذا التثاقف من دور هام في تحقيق المشاركة الإنسانيّة بين أدباء المقاومة حول العالم  وتجاربهم الإنسانيّة والوطنيّة.
آليات الإقناع الارسطي في القصة القصيرة جدًا حسن علي البطران انموذجًا
Authors: المحنه زمن , ناظري حسين
Published: September 2024

اتخذ موضوع الاقناع عند فلاسفة اليونان قديما معنى الجدل والتضليل  , فكان عمل السفسطائيين متوسلا بالمغالطة والتلاعب بالأهواء والمناورة . ومن الصعب تصور بقاء هذه المجتمعات داخل هذا السيل العارم من الكذب والاختلاق العولمي  فصار لزاما محاربة مكر هذه الخطابات . فاذا كان افلاطون قد حارب السفسطائيين بالكشف عن القيم التي يصورون عنها في ممارسة الحجاج في المجتمع , فأن ارسطو حاربهم في عقر القول وكشف الاليات الحجاجية التي يعتمدونها.
              فالسفسطائي هو الوجه السالب والخطير في ممارسة الاقناع عند ارسطو . وبذلك كان التناول الارسطي للإقناع تناولا منطقيا بالأساس , وموجها للإنسان بكليته : تأثيره العقلي والانفعالي . وبما ان غاية الاقناع الاساسية هي السمو بالإنسان عن طريق التفاعل الانساني المباشر عن طريق الحوار والتعبير واحترام الرأي وتقديم الحجج المناهضة بالدليل والبرهان على اسس قيمة . فقد غدت الخطابة الارسطية من اهم النظريات الاقناعية قديما , بلغت شأوا راقيا في البحث عن الحجج المنتجة للإقناع وان سمة الخطاب وطابعه ووظيفته هو الاقناع ؛ كونه الوسيلة الناجعة في تحقيق هدف الخطاب هذا ما ادى بالبلاغة الاهتمام بالاقناع الحجاجي بأعتبار الحجة لا تتحقق الا عن طريق الاتصال مع الاخر, ثم تحديد غاية المخاطب في استمالة عقل المستمع والتأثير فيه , ثم اقناعه بمقصد معين أو المحاولة في تغيير افكاره . وصف ارسطو البلاغة القديمة بأنها "بلاغة الاقناع "معتمدا فيه على تحليل الاقوال الخطابية التي تقوم عليها الحجج الموجهة الى الجمهور عد الاقناع ترسانة العملية التواصلية  التي تستمد قوتها من البلاغة , لذلك من البديهي اندماج الاقناع مع البلاغة في كثير من الاساليب البلاغية والبيانية التي تظهر المعنى بطريقة أوقع في النفس .تتوسل بلاغة الاقناع بالمؤثرات الخطابية والصور البلاغية التي لها تأثير على المخاطب .
كيف تُبنى الدولة العراقية وفق المادة الثالثة من دستور 2005؟ إجابة من منظور فلسفة السياسة
Authors: راهي قيس
Published: September 2024

يهدف البحث إلى دراسة بناء الدولة العراقية بعد 2003م وفق المادة الثالثة من دستور سنة 2005م, التي تضمنت القول بأن (العراق بلد متعدد القوميات والأديان والمذاهب), وقد ارتبطت المناقشة بشكل النظام السياسي العراقي. وفي ضمن أسئلة البحث, هل يمكن تشكيل هوية عراقية جامعة تحافظ على الهويات الفرعية؟ وهل يمكن إعادة بناء وتشكيل هوياتنا الفرعية ضمن إطار الهوية العراقية الجامعة؟ وهدّفَ البحث إلى الاشتغال على الاعتراف بالتنوع الثقافي في العراق والسياق السياسي الذي مرّ به سواء ما قبل سنة 2003م أو ما بعدها, مع الإشارة إلى الفهم المستند إلى المرجعية الفلسفية السياسية لتعدد الهويات وتأثيرها على بنية الدولة, لهذا كان البحث عبارة عن محاولة تقديم إجابة فلسفية سياسية في سياق إجابات متعددة تنتمي إلى إجابة واحدة, إذ إنَّ الاشتغال الفلسفي في مجال السياسة يرتكز إلى أرث فلسفي يمتد لآلاف السنين, قد عبّر عنه تاريخ الفكر الفلسفي السياسي منذ النصوص التأسيسية مع افلاطون وحتى وقتنا الراهن .
Autoapprentissage Self-learning
Authors: Kadhum Asmaa
Published: September 2024

In traditional pedagogy, the transmission of knowledge remains at the heart of the teaching profession. He gives lectures. He plays a central and dominant role while the learner plays only a secondary role. Although this method has all sorts of advantages, it does not create activity and independence in the learner. This is obviously a bad product. Today, teaching stimulates the intellectual curiosity and autonomy of the learner. It is a question of individualizing all the dimensions, the choice of the texts and the exercises, the way to present the contents, the selection of the manual, the arrangement of class, the course course, etc. All these prerequisites and others are intended to guide the learner towards empowerment. How to achieve empowerment? Why is it important? When do we become autonomous? What role for the teacher in this change? What results does this teaching practice produce? These are some of the questions that this study attempts to answer.
Characteristics of Lipid Metabolism Disorders in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with COVID-19 in Pointe Noire
Authors: Pouki Freddy Saturnin , Boumba Luc Magloire Anicet , Batchy Aladin Atandi , Elenga-Bongo Charley , Ngouma Ange Cerna Malonga , Dussaud Rebecca Frédérique , Takale Parode Ragive , Nganga Christy Parfait , Boyina Gainze , Tidiane Cheick Ahmed Dabo , Wahar Saar Abdoul , Nama Siméon , Voumbi Ghislain Loubano , Moukassa Donatien
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Chronic diabetes leads to dyslipidaemia. Patients with dyslipidaemia, the most common risk factor for cardiovascular disease, also have a higher risk of severe evolution of COVID-19. Objective: To study the characteristics of lipid profile disorders in COVID-19 positive type 2 diabetic patients in Pointe-Noire. Methods: We recruited a total of 206 participants for this study. Detailed information on age, gender, and health status of participants was collected from medical records. Biomarkers were quantified from blood samples and the sars cov-2 virus was identified using the PCR technique on nasopharyngeal swabs. Results: The majority of patients were male (70.39%), COVID-19 severe symptoms (67%) and comorbidities (57.77%) were more common. CT↑39%, LDL↑36%, HDL↓77% and TG↑68% in non-survivors were found in patients with severe disease severity. A positive correlation between atherogenic indices (AIP, CRR and AC) with TC, LDL and TG then, an inverse linear relationship with HDL. There was also a negative correlation between CPI and HbA1c. Conclusion: The results of our study show that T2DM with severe signs of COVID-19 have high levels of harmful lipids (TG, CT and LDL) and high atherogenic indices (AIP, CRR and AC), while low levels of HDL, a cholesterol-trapping lipoprotein, and low CPI correlate negatively with HbA1c.
Evaluation Effect on Lungs Tissue in Mice (Mus Masculus) of Infected with Klebsiella Pneumonia and Therapeutied by Azithromycin
Authors: Mutar Wurood M. , Alabbasi Aqeel Majid , Ayub Rasha H.
Published: September 2024

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a mainly cause of severe respiratory infections which may leading to a chronic inflammation or to death, Azithromycin has recently received a lot of scientific attention due to its outstanding effectiveness in treating Other bacterial and some parasitic infections, because it is widely and safe for human use and is believed to be associated with side effects fewer compared with the other macrolide. The current study aims to isolation K. pneumonia from respiratory infection and evaluation histological changes on lungs and possible protective role by azithromycin and of VIT. C, included isolation K.pneumenia from diagnosed patients with respiratory diseases from Samarra hospital at January to April 2024 .All sputum samples were cultured by using selective media for K.pneumonia and Vitic device. In this study used 15 mice which randomly divided to three groups: The first group no treatment, second group treated with 30mg/kg of azithromycin, while third group treated with 30mg/kg from azithromycin plus 20mg/kg of vitamin C. In the results included morphologic the microscopic and biochemical examinations to identify of klebsiella and the histological changes of the lung tissue which included hemolysis in different area of tissue, thickening of the alveoli walls and infiltration of neutrophil and inflammation cells that showed in sections of groups which treated with k.pneumonia, while azithromycin and vitamin were worked on repair abnormalities and the pathologic changes on lung tissue.
Prevalence and Role of Adhesion Genes in Proteus Mirabilis
Authors: Yaseen Hayder Shareef , Thewaini Qasim N.A. , Jassim Zainab Muhammad
Published: September 2024

This study aims to investigate the prevalence of these adhesion genes in P. mirabilis strains isolated from patients with UTIs. The research seeks to provide insights into the distribution and potential role of these virulence factors. Understanding the prevalence and molecular mechanisms of mrpA and ZapA could contribute significantly to the development of targeted therapies and preventive strategies against P. mirabilis infections. Proteus mirabilis is a significant opportunistic pathogen known for causing urinary tract infections (UTIs) and other infections, posing a considerable public health challenge. The pathogenicity of P. mirabilis is complex and multifactorial, attributed to a range of virulence factors that enable the bacterium to colonize, invade, and persist within host tissues. Among these, adhesion genes like mrpA and ZapA play a crucial role in facilitating attachment, biofilm formation, and immune evasion. The mrpA gene is integral to the pathogenesis of Proteus mirabilis. It encodes a major component of the MR/P fimbriae, which is essential for bacterial adhesion to host tissues, biofilm formation, immune evasion, and persistence in the urinary tract. By facilitating these processes, the mrpA gene contributes significantly to the virulence of P. mirabilis and its ability to cause complex urinary tract infections. Understanding the role of mrpA in the pathogenesis of P. mirabilis could aid in the development of targeted therapies to prevent and treat infections caused by this bacterium.
Pneumatosis Intestinalis: Cause of Intraabominal Free Gas as no Urgent Surgical Management. Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Aguilar-Barragán Cuauhtémoc , Cedeño-González Salma Angélica , Colchado-Mariscal Samantha , Ley-Tapia Sofia , Baglietto-Hernández Juan Manuel , Martinez-Flores Brian Alfredo , Pérez-Carmona María Fernanda
Published: September 2024

Pneumatosis intestinalis is a rare disease by the presence of multiple gas-filled cysts in the intestinal wall, which eventually could burst and release the gas into de abdominal cavity that can simulate and acute abdomen event. The etiology is not well known but it is attributable to rheumatologic diseases. To correctly manage the patients affected with this pathology is important to differentiate the candidates to conservatively versus surgical management.
Comparison of Sleep Quality among Night-Shift and Morning-Shift Female Nurses
Authors: Khanam Dr. Kamrunnasa , Akther Prof. Dr. Qazi Shamima , Rahima Dr. Afsana , Zarin Dr. Ismet
Published: September 2024

Background: Sleep is a vital process in human physiology. The prevalence of sleep problems and sleep disorders are increasing day by day. In modern-society, the shift working is also growing to provide service to people round the clock. The effects of shift work especially night shifts are sleep difficulties, poor quality of sleep, daytime sleepiness, impaired cognition, fatigue, increased risk of injuries and accident and poor quality of life. Chronic Sleep deprivation following night shifts may lead to serious health problems like hypertension, diabetes, heart attack, stroke, depression and cancers. The nurses as shift workers are overburdened in hospitals suffer from poor sleep quality and may suffer from these type of health problems. Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare sleep quality among night shift and morning shift female nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from January 2019 to December 2019. A total 250 adult female nurses were included in this study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria with age ranging 24-50 years. Group A was selected from female nurses who work night shifts from 8.00 p. m. to 8.00 a. m. in different wards of Medicine, Surgery and Obstetrics & Gynaecology. Group B was consisted of female nurses who work in morning-shifts from 8.00 a. m. to 2.00 p.m. in Out-patient departments and different wards of Medicine, Surgery and Obstetrics & Gynaecology. A data collection form was designed and prepared including General characteristics of nurses and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Questionnaire. Informed written consent was taken from each participant. Then the subject was interviewed in details and recorded in the predesigned data collection form. Statistical analyses of the data was obtained by using window-based Microsoft Excel and Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS-26). Results: The statistical analysis of data were done .......
Management Strategies for Complicated Appendicitis: A Review of Surgical Techniques
Authors: Haque Dr. Md. Mozammel
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Appendicitis is a prevalent acute surgical condition, with a lifetime risk of 7%-8%. While it typically begins with luminal obstruction, complicated appendicitis involves bacterial overgrowth, tissue necrosis, and potential perforation, leading to significant morbidity. Aim of the Study: This study aimed to comprehensively review the outcomes associated with various surgical techniques in managing complicated appendicitis. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted from August 1, 2023, to July 31, 2024, at various hospitals in Cumilla, Bangladesh. A total of 80 patients with confirmed complicated appendicitis were included. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, preoperative symptoms, imaging findings, surgical techniques used, and postoperative outcomes. Surgical techniques compared included open appendectomy, laparoscopic appendectomy, interval appendectomy, and primary peritoneal drainage. Key outcomes analyzed were complication rates, length of hospital stay, postoperative pain (measured by Visual Analog Scale), wound infection rates, and surgical success rates. Results: Primary peritoneal drainage had the highest complication rate (27.3%) and longest hospital stay (10.5 ± 4.3 days). Interval appendectomy showed the lowest complication rate (6.7%) and shortest hospital stay (4.3 ± 1.7 days). Postoperative pain was lowest in the interval appendectomy group (3.6 ± 0.8), and wound infection rates were highest in primary peritoneal drainage (18.2%). Surgical success rates were highest for interval appendectomy (93.3%) and laparoscopic appendectomy (92.3%). Conclusion: Interval appendectomy and laparoscopic appendectomy are associated with better outcomes in terms of lower complication rates, shorter hospital stays, and reduced postoperative pain compared to open appendectomy and primary peritoneal drainage.
Chronic Urticaria and Quality of Life
Authors: Hamraoui H. , Douhi Z. , Baybay H. , Elloudi S. , Soughi M. , Mernissi F. Z.
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Chronic spontaneous urticaria is a common inflammatory dermatosis which is defined by the presence of mobile, fleeting and pruritic papular erythematous skin lesions disappearing in less than 24 hours without leaving a scar and which lasts more than 6 weeks. The objective of our study is to investigate the impact of urticaria on patients' quality of life and to determine whether there is a relationship between quality of life and disease severity. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study recruiting patients consulting for urticaria at the dermatology department at Chu Hassan II between the period from May 2021 to May 2023. 2 questionnaires on the quality of life of chronic urticaria (CU-Q2oL) and DLQI in Arabic version validated by Samah Tawil et al were used. The CU-Q2oL composed of 23 items. DLQI composed of 10 items. Each item was scored from 1 to 5 (score 5 = most affected, score 1 = unaffected). Results: We collected 120 patients, whose average age is 40 years, with a female predominance and a sex ratio of 2F/M. The averages of the domains, the items and the frequency of occurrence of an item were established. The highest mean scores were in the symptom domains, followed by sleep disturbance, living activities, appearance, and boundaries. The highest mean item scores were for pruritus and wheals followed by sleep disturbances, mood changes, nervousness, discomfort, fatigue, loss of concentration, reduction in work and social relationships. Conclusion: Chronic urticaria could have a negative impact on the quality of life of Moroccan patients. Therefore, it is important to recognize the effects that chronic urticaria can have on quality of life and to take this into account during management as well as when evaluating response to treatment.
CULTURAL ADAPTATION OF HEALTH INTERVENTIONS FOR ETHNIC COMMUNITIES IN VULNERABLE SETTINGS: A QUALITATIVE DATA SYNTHESIS
Authors: Bautista-Gomez Martha Milena , Zuluaga Laura Sofia , Medina-Tabares Marcos F.
Published: September 2024

Introduction: the cultural dimension of health, now clearly acknowledged (WHO, 2017), remains insufficiently explored. Particularly, investigating the cultural influence on the effectiveness of health interventions is relevant since, insofar as when such interventions lack meaning from the target population's cosmovision or are not practical in their context, the effectiveness of those interventions may have a limited scope (Bautista-Gómez et al, 2022), creating the need for culturally adapted health interventions. Aim: tto understand how cultural adaptations have been designed and implemented, and how they have contributed to improving health outcomes in low and middle-income countries. Methods: the guiding question was designed following the PICo methodology. PubMED, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were reviewed, the descriptors were established based on the MeSH/DeSC registry, and inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined. The initial articles were selected based on the appearance of the descriptors in their title and abstract, and then a filtering process was carried out based on the full reading of the texts that led to 14 articles that met the established criteria, on which a thematic analysis was carried out.  Results: it was evidenced that: a) interventions are designed based on 3 components: community participation, adjustment of content, and changes in the service delivery; b) aspects related to poverty, vulnerability, and deficiencies in the health system are the main barriers, whilst the inclusion of the community’s beliefs and customs, adaptation to their context,  and articulation with the communities and local health institutions are the main facilitators; c) main outcomes are feasibility, effectiveness, improvement of disease’s knowledge and acceptability.Conclusions: cultural adaptation with ethnic groups in vulnerable settings is useful to ensure comprehensive health education and to promote behavioural change to improve mainly the effectiveness and acceptability of health interventions.
Evaluating Preoperative Neutrophil/Lymphocyte and Platelet/Lymphocyte Ratios as Predictors of Lymph Node Metastasis in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Torun Mehmet , Gürleyik Meryem Günay , Özdemir Hakan
Published: September 2024

Objective: Both NLR and PLR have gained attention as markers of systemic inflammation and are increasingly being investigated for their potential to predict cancer prognosis. Elevated NLR and PLR values have been associated with poorer outcomes in various malignancies, making their evaluation critical in assessing the metastatic potential in gastric cancer patients. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer and preoperative neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR).
Material and Method: Between January 2013 and December 2019, a total of 296 patients diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma were identified and underwent surgery at the General Surgery Clinic of Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital. Patients who received palliative surgery or preoperative blood transfusions were excluded, resulting in a study cohort of 247 patients who underwent curative surgery. The study was conducted with the approval of the Ethics Committee of Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital (Document No. 771/12/2019).
Results: The study found no statistically significant relationship between lymphocyte (p=0.546), NLR (p=0.094), and PLR (p=0.142) values and the extent of gastric wall invasion (T) (p>0.05). However, significant correlations were observed between platelet (p=0.016) and neutrophil (p=0.009) counts and T stage (p<0.05). Among patients with lymph node metastasis, positive correlations were identified between the number of metastatic lymph nodes and both NLR (r=0.166) and PLR (r=0.197) values (p<0.05).
Conclusion: This retrospective analysis suggests that while NLR and PLR values do correlate with lymph node metastasis, they are not reliable standalone predictive markers for preoperative identification of lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. These findings underscore the necessity for further research into more refined inflammatory markers or composite indices that could better predict lymph node involvement in gastric cancer.
The Effect of Tax Sanctions and Tamansiswa's Leadership Trilogy on the Obedient Intentions of Prospective Taxpayers
Authors: Wardani Dewi Kusuma , Veradika Heni
Published: September 2024

a tax is an obligatory payment to the government that individuals or entities are legally required to make. This payment is non-negotiable, does not result in direct compensation, and is utilized by the state for the overall welfare of the people. Therefore, those who have met these requirements are obligated to pay the government by adhering to tax regulations. Taxpayer compliance can be defined as a behavior in which the taxpayer fulfills all obligations. This study aims to determine the effect of tax sanctions and the trilogy of tamansiswa leadership on the obedient intentions of prospective taxpayers. The object of this study is an Accounting student of Universitas Sarjana Wiyata Tamansiswa Yogyakarta. This study used a sample of 100 respondents who were active accounting students of Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa Yogyakarta. Sampling method with convenience sampling method. Data analysis techniques are carried out by descriptive statistical analysis, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression tests and SPSS-IBM Statistics 25 software. The results showed that tax sanctions had no effect on the compliant intentions of prospective taxpayers and the trilogy of tamansiswa leadership had a positive effect on the obedient intentions of prospective taxpayers.
The Influence of Financial Performance, Capital Structure, and Debt Policy, on Company Value With Company Size as Amoderation Variable
Authors: Sofiyana Sofiyana , Santoso Suryo Budi , Amir Amir , Santoso Selamet Eko Budi
Published: September 2024

Company value reflects investors' views of a company and is generally associated with the share price and profits earned. Financial performance, capital structure, and debt policy can all influence the rise and fall of a company's value. The aim of this research is to see whether financial performance, capital structure and debt policy influence company value, with company size as a moderating variable. The population of interest in this research are companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII70) between 2020 and 2022. The data collection method used is exhaustive sampling or often called saturated sampling, where the entire population of companies in JII70 is used as the research sample. The results of the research show that financial performance has a positive effect on company value, capital structure has a negative effect on company value, debt policy and company size have no effect on company value, company size moderates capital structure on company value, and company size does not moderate financial performance and debt policy on company value.
The Impact of Good Corporate Governance Mechanisms on Bank Performance Through the Implementation of Green Banking
Authors: Susilawati Susi , Rini Nova , Hasanah Nur
Published: September 2024

Good corporate governance emphasizes the importance of effective supervision by the board of directors and audit committee in overseeing bank policies and practices, including environmental policies. A strong supervisory structure, which is a part of GCG, can assist banks in identifying, measuring, and managing environmental risks more effectively. Through proper risk management, banks can mitigate the likelihood of adverse impacts on the bank's financial performance. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of supervision for the internal company policymakers on bank financial performance given the requirement for green banking disclosure. The research design is causality using organizations, i.e., banks listed on the IDX-IC Share (Indonesian Stock Exchange) for the 2019 – 2022 period as the unit of analysis. The number of samples consisted of 103 companies annual data, while the data analysis used unbalanced panel data regression. The research results show that good corporate governance mechanisms (gender diversity, board size) and green banking affect bank performance, while audit committee size does not affect bank performance. Gender diversity does not affect green banking, while board size and audit committee size affect green banking. Green banking is only able to moderate the influence of board size on the bank’s performance.
Business Intelligence Dashboard for Financial Performance Analysis of Public Service Agency Using Microsoft Power BI
Authors: Larasati Damayanti , Tanzil Nanny Dewi , Alfian Adhi , Wardani Lindawati
Published: September 2024

This research discusses the use of business intelligence dashboard for financial performance analysis at the BRIN Technology Service Center Public Service Agency, focusing on the decrease of BLU cash balance. The factors that affect the ups and downs of the BLU cash balance are the total revenue realization and the total revenue expenditure realization in the current year. Business Intelligence (BI) is one of the tools that allows organizations to access and analyze data and information to improve and optimize decisions and performance. In Indonesia, there has not been much research related to the implementation of business intelligence dashboards for financial performance analysis in public service agencies. The research aims to create a business intelligence dashboard that can provide insight to leaders in making decisions to increase BLU cash balances. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method, and the system development method uses a business intelligence roadmap approach. The result of this research is that with the help of the BI dashboard, executives can gain insight to increase Blu's cash balance, improvements in receivables management are needed and they need to be more selective in choosing partners who use technology services.
Sarampo: manifestações clínicas, diagnóstico, tratamento e prevenção
Authors: MAGANHIN LUQUETTI CAMILLA , Sarah Silva Sabino  , Maria Eduarda Barbosa de Souza  , Daniel Feres Braga  , Isadora Kirsch Mungo  , Mariana Costa Lázaro  , Sérgio Augusto Oliveira Filho  , Leonardo Cortes de Aguiar Franco  , Ana Paula Moreira Lima  , Ana Luiza Nogueira Fonseca da Silva  , Maria Luiza Carvalho Ferreira  , Elson Assunção de Andrade Lima Júnior  , Carla Cristina Maganhin  , ALVES ANA LUISA FREITAS
Published: September 2024

Introdução: Sarampo é uma doença viral altamente contagiosa que ocorre em todo o mundo. A infecção é caracterizada por febre, mal-estar, tosse, coriza e conjuntivite, seguidos de exantema. Objetivo: discutir o sarampo e manifestações clínicas, diagnóstico, tratamento e prevenção. Metodologia: Revisão de literatura a partir de bases de dados da Scielo, da PubMed e da BVS, de janeiro a abril de 2024, com descritores “Measles”, “Clinical Manifestations”, “Treatment”, “Prevention” e “Diagnosis”. Incluíram-se artigos de 2019-2024 (total 100), com exclusão de outros critérios e escolha de 05 artigos na íntegra. Resultados e Discussão: O sarampo é uma doença viral altamente contagiosa que ocorre em todo o mundo. A infecção é caracterizada por febre, mal-estar, tosse, coriza e conjuntivite, seguida de exantema. Após a exposição, aproximadamente 90% dos indivíduos suscetíveis desenvolvem sarampo. O período de contagiosidade é estimado entre cinco dias antes do aparecimento da erupção cutânea e quatro dias depois. A infecção clássica por sarampo em pacientes imunocompetentes consiste nos seguintes estágios clínicos: incubação, pródromo, exantema e recuperação. A incubação é de 6 a 21 dias (mediana de 13 dias). Uma fase pródromo de dois a quatro dias é caracterizada por febre, mal-estar e anorexia, seguida de conjuntivite, coriza e tosse. Se presentes, manchas de Koplik, um exantema considerado patognomônico para infecção por sarampo, ocorre tipicamente aproximadamente 48 horas antes do exantema. O exantema característico surge aproximadamente dois a quatro dias após o início da febre; consiste em uma erupção cutânea maculopapular vermelha, que classicamente começa no rosto e na cabeça e se espalha para baixo. No início, as lesões estão esbranquiçadas; em estágios posteriores, elas não estão. A erupção cutânea desaparece em cinco a seis dias, desaparecendo na ordem em que apareceu. A tosse pode persistir por uma ou duas semanas após o sarampo. O diagnóstico de sarampo deve ser considerado em um paciente que apresenta uma doença de erupção cutânea febril e sintomas clinicamente compatíveis. O tratamento do sarampo é amplamente de suporte; em alguns casos, vitamina A e/ou ribavirina podem ser benéficas. Conclusão:  O sarampo é uma doença prevenível por vacinação.