bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring tobacco dependence in the general population: Evaluation of the Cigarette Dependence Scale (CDS-12) and its adaptation to smokeless tobacco use (STDS-12) in two Swedish surveys
Authors: Rydell Mina , Sundin Erica , Ramstedt Mats , Galanti Maria Rosaria
Published: October 2015

Aims: The 12-item Cigarette Dependence Scale (CDS-12) is an instrument suitable to assess tobacco dependence in non-clinical populations. The aim of this study was twofold: a) to evaluate the scale’s performance in a smoking population including non-daily smokers; b) to explore the scale’s adaptation to the assessment of dependence on smokeless tobacco. Methods: In a cross-sectional study we investigated performance and construct validity of the CDS-12 and of its adaptation to smokeless tobacco (STDS-12) in two Swedish population samples. The first sample consisted of young adults (1246 ever daily smokers and 1086 ever daily snus (the Swedish type of moist oral snuff) users between 19 and 28 years of age). The second sample included 1229 current smokers and 855 current users of snus between 16 and 84 years of age. Score distribution, internal consistency, factor structure, and associations with other indicators of tobacco dependence were analysed. Results: Both scales had a small amount of missing answers (below 2% in most items) and had acceptable internal consistency. Factor analyses suggested a one-factor model. CDS-12 score and proportions classified as dependent were significantly higher among daily smokers compared to non-daily smokers, positively correlated with the number of cigarettes, and negatively with quit attempts as well as their duration. The same pattern was seen for STDS-12, apart from correlation with quit attempts. Conclusions: Both the CDS-12 and its adaptation to smokeless tobacco, tested for the first time in this study, appear to perform well in population-based samples including young and non-daily tobacco users.
Calibration strategy of diesel-fuel spray atomization models using a design of experiment method
Authors: Brulatout Jonathan , Garnier François , Mounaïm-Rousselle Christine , Seers Patrice
Published: October 2015

The Reitz and Diwakar and the KHRT atomization models are widely used for high-pressure diesel-fuel spray. The constants in both models must be calibrated to correctly predict the injection process based on the nozzle geometry, injection conditions, and fuel. Calibration can be significantly time-consuming given the four constants in both models. This paper suggests a strategy to assess the impact of models’ constants on spray tip penetration and mean droplet-diameter predictions on a reference case, with an injection pressure of 700 bar, to characterize the influence of the atomization model’s calibration. The assessment used a design of experiment method (DOE), which demonstrated the important interaction between constants on the results. Obtained calibrations were used for comparing the models’ performances qualitatively and quantitatively by accounting for spray and air-entrainment characteristics. Both models gave similar results, but the KHRT model yielded a better spray shape. Finally, based on DOE results, a method is proposed to modify the model’s constants for higher pressures (900 and 1300 bar).
Early experience with the new endovascular aneurysm sealing system Nellix: First clinical results after 50 implantations
Authors: Zerwes Sebastian , Nurzai Zmarai , Leissner Giesbert , Kroencke Thomas , Bruijnen Hans-Kees , Jakob Rudolf , Woelfle Klaus
Published: October 2015

Objective

In the present study, 50 EVAS procedures were evaluated in regard to primary (survival and technical success) and secondary (device-related complications) events of interest.

Methods

The single center study was conducted from July 2013 to August 2014 with prospective collection of the clinical data. The clinical results were controlled by CT angiography and contrast-enhanced ultrasound .

Results

The technical success was 98% and the 30-day mortality 4%. One (2%) patient died from multisystem organ failure and another patient from an intracranial bleeding, respectively. One patient (2%) suffered from a device-related aneurysm rupture. During early follow-up, one (2%) patient developed an endoleak type II, while three (6%) patients suffered from a partial endograft limb thrombosis. Overall, a secondary intervention was necessary in six (12%) patients.

Conclusions

With the Nellix EVAS system, a high primary technical success of 98% was achieved; one (2%) patient developed an endoleak type II which did not require secondary intervention. Those promising results are contrasted by a substantial rate of endograft limb thromboses (8%) and one (2%) intraoperative aneurysm rupture. Further studies are needed to assess the durability of the Nellix stentgraft and the occurrence of device-related complications.
The Rate of Depression Screening at a Federally Qualified Community Health Center
Authors: Maimone Richard M. , Marhatta Asha
Published: October 2015

Purpose:

The purpose of this study is to examine the rate of depression screening among patients, aged 19 and older, seen at a community health center, while referencing to US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) screening recommendations.

Methods:

A random sample of 500 patients, aged 19 and older, were extracted from the total number of patients seen at the community health center, between December 1, 2013, and April 30, 2014. The rate of depression screening was calculated by analyzing the completed standardized screening questionnaires (Patient Health Questionnaire 2).

Results:

On analysis, it was found that 14.6% of patients were screened for depression. The rate of screening for males was 8.4% and for females it was 17.5%. The race with the highest rate of screening was Asian at 23.2%, and the lowest rate was white at 12.8%.

Conclusion:

The studied community health center had a suboptimal rate of depression screening at 14.6%. The USPSTF recommends depression screening on all adults. Addressing barriers to screening including patient education, provider education, system practices, and provision of resources may help improve the rate of depression screening, leading to early treatment and better health outcomes.
Characterizing the metabolic capacity of the anoxic hagfish heart
Authors: Gillis T.E. , Regan M.D. , Cox G.K. , Harter T.S. , Brauner C.J. , Richards J.G. , Farrell A.P.
Published: October 2015

Pacific hagfish, Eptatretus stoutii, can recover from 36 h of anoxia at 10°C. Such anoxia tolerance demands the mobilization of anaerobic fuels and the removal of metabolic wastes, processes that require a functional heart. The purpose of this study was to measure the metabolic response of the excised, cannulated hagfish heart to anoxia using direct calorimetry. These experiments were coupled with measurements of cardiac pH and metabolite concentrations, at multiple time points, to monitor acid-base balance and anaerobic ATP-production. We also exposed hagfish to anoxia to compare the in vitro responses of the excised hearts with the in vivo responses. The calorimetry results revealed a significant reduction in the rate of metabolic heat production over the first hour of anoxia exposure, and a recovery over the subsequent 6 h. This response was likely attributable to a rapid anoxia-induced depression of aerobic ATP-production pathways followed by an up-regulation of anaerobic ATP-production pathways such that the ATP production rate was restored to that measured in normoxia. Glycogen-depletion measurements suggest that metabolic processes were initially supported by glycolysis but that an alternate fuel source was used to support the sustained rates of ATP production. The maintenance of intracellular pH during anoxia indicates a remarkable ability of the myocytes to buffer/regulate protons and thus protect cardiac function. Altogether, these results illustrate that the low metabolic demand of the hagfish heart allows for near-routine levels of cardiac metabolism to be supported anaerobically. This is likely a significant contributor to the hagfish's exceptional anoxia tolerance.
A 2D Blade Element Study of a Wind Turbine Rotor under Yaw Loads
Authors: Gharali Kobra , Johnson David A. , Lam Vivian , Gu Mingyao
Published: October 2015

Wind turbines operate within an environment of varying wind direction and magnitude leading to misalignment or yaw between the wind and the turbine rotor. Many control techniques have been applied to small horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) to prevent significant yaw loads, but in reality, most of the time the rotor is under some yaw load which may be significant. A blade element of a HAWT rotor under yaw loading is similar to a sinusoidally pitching airfoil. Here a miniaturized pitching S822 airfoil with a reduced frequency k of 0.025 at a Reynolds number ( Re = 105) is considered where the maximum dynamic angle of attack is equal to the static angle where the maximum lift to drag ratio occurs. These dynamic results obtained with laser Doppler anemometry (LDA), particle image velocimetry (PIV) and a numerical simulation with the Transition SST method are compared to a constant wind-loaded blade element. Since direct load measurement for dynamic miniaturized models in wind tunnels is very challenging, the non-intrusive PIV control volume analysis approach has been applied for load determination. Unlike the rotor in an ideal unidirectional freestream flow, a rotor under yaw loads, as presented here, experiences significant unbalanced loading in one cycle and a non-uniform wake. Results may be used to predict the cyclical range of loads a blade element experiences in yaw conditions and effects on the downstream rotor wake.
A Prognostic Decision Model for Offshore Wind Turbines Maintenance
Authors: Sinha Yashwant , Steel John A
Published: October 2015

Frequent unscheduled random maintenance activities have significantly increased the operating cost of Offshore Wind Turbines (OWT). These activities account for ∼65% of the overall OWT maintenance costs or 23% of the lifetime costs of OWT, equivalent to ∼ £26 M/yr for a 100MW offshore wind farm. This work performs a quantitative evaluation of the maintenance model suggested by Sinha Y et al. (2013) as a means to determine the threshold levels for planning an economical but effective maintenance for OWT. This study suggests that the model put forward provides a comprehensive framework to make maintenance decisions for OWT components by questioning their Availability, Reliability, Safety, Productivity and Availability of Upgrade Technology. Some case studies have been discussed towards the end of this work that validates this model and brings financial benefits. It is expected that practical use of the maintenance decision model, along with relationships developed in this work, would result in planning for economical, effective and efficient OWT maintenance.
Prediction of Flow-Induced Noise Sources of Wind Turbines and Application Examples
Authors: Lutz Thorsten , Arnold Benjamin , Bekiropoulos Dimitrios , Illg Jonas , Krämer Ewald , Wolf Alexander , Hann Richard , Kamruzzaman M.
Published: October 2015

The consideration of aeroacoustic aspects and the minimization of noise emission is an integral part in the design process of modern onshore wind turbines. In the present paper dedicated aeroacoustic prediction methods are introduced that are applied at the University of Stuttgart for identification of noise sources and the aero-acoustic design and analysis of airfoils and rotors of wind turbines. The available portfolio of tools ranges from fast semi-empirical methods to numerical CAA schemes with substantial computational demands. The chain of tools thereby enables a separation and quantitative comparison of the different relevant noise sources. Based on dedicated wind tunnel measurements of noise sources and noise emission of airfoils the methods have been continuously verified and improved. Besides a summary of the theoretical basis, specific validation examples are given that show the strengths and the deficiencies of the available methods and motivate ongoing improvements. Finally, application examples with practical relevance and means for a passive and active noise reduction are discussed.
Aerodynamic Noise Characterization of a Full-Scale Wind Turbine through High-Frequency Surface Pressure Measurements
Authors: Bertagnolio Franck , Madsen Helge Aa. , Bak Christian , Troldborg Niels , Fischer Andreas
Published: October 2015

The aim of this work is to investigate and characterize the high-frequency surface pressure fluctuations on a full-scale wind turbine blade and in particular the influence of the atmospheric turbulence. As these fluctuations are highly correlated to the sources of both turbulent inflow noise and trailing edge noise, recognized to be the two main sources of noise from wind turbines, this work contributes to a more detailed insight into noise from wind turbines. The study comprises analysis and interpretation of measurement data that were acquired during an experimental campaign involving a 2 MW wind turbine with a 80 m diameter rotor as well as measurements of an airfoil section tested in a wind tunnel. The turbine was extensively equipped in order to monitor the local inflow onto the rotating blades. Further a section of the 38 m long blade was instrumented with 50 microphones flush-mounted relative to the blade surface. The measurements of surface pressure spectra are compared with the results of two engineering models for trailing edge noise and for turbulent inflow noise. The measured pressure fluctuations are related to the local inflow angle and are also compared to measurements in a wind tunnel on a copy of the blade section of the full scale blade. Computational Fluid Dynamics calculations were conducted to investigate the influence of the inflow conditions on the airfoil and blade sections aerodynamics and aeroacoustics. Comparisons between measurement data and model results show the influence of atmospheric turbulence. The different noise generation mechanisms can be identified and the influence of various parameters can be consistently reproduced by the models.
Experimental Investigation of the Surface Pressure Field for Prediction of Trailing Edge Noise of Wind Turbine Aero Foils
Authors: Fischer Andreas , Madsen Helge Aagaard , Bertagnolio Franck
Published: October 2015

This paper concerns the characterisation of turbulent boundary layer trailing edge noise by measuring the surface pressure field. Two aerofoils typically used at the outer blade section of modern MW wind turbines were tested in an anechoic wind tunnel for Reynolds numbers ranging from 1 million to 1.9 million and angles of attack ranging from −10° to 14°. The emitted trailing noise from the aerofoils was measured with a microphone array at a distance of 1.6 m away from the aerofoil. The two-dimensional surface pressure field, which is considered the source of the emitted trailing edge noise, was measured with pinhole microphones distributed in streamwise and spanwise direction on the surface of the aerofoil. Two acoustic formulations relating the fluctuating surface pressure field to far field trailing edge noise were investigated. The measurements of the fluctuating surface pressure field were used as input to the model. There was a factor of 2 as difference between the two models. The prediction of the far field trailing edge noise with one model was in excellent agreement with the microphone array measurements in a frequency range of 500-2000 Hz. This opens up the possibility of quantifying trailing edge noise with surface pressure measurements. In the high frequency range the models overpredicted the measured far field sound. For frequencies lower than 500 Hz more validation is necessary. The measurements of the surface pressure field revealed that the spanwise correlation length scale is only a function of the Reynolds number when properly normalised. This result can be used to reduce the number of surface pressure microphones necessary to characterise far field trailing edge noise.
Method for Assessing Tonality at Residences near Wind Farms
Authors: Cooper Jonathan , Evans Tom , Petersen Dick
Published: October 2015

Following the commencement of operation of the Hallett Hill Wind Farm (HHWF) in South Australia, a complaint was received from a resident suggesting that tonal noise may be audible under specific wind speeds and directions. This communication outlines the tonality assessment method that was developed to identify the conditions under which audible tones occurred at the residence. Measurements at both the residence and a turbine were taken to assess tonal audibility based on IEC 61400-11 but over a much larger range of wind speeds and directions. This lead to the detection of an audible tone at 124 Hz occurring at night and during upwind conditions, corresponding to the conditions identified in the complaint. The tone related to the gear meshing frequency of the turbines and tuned mass dampers were subsequently installed to mitigate the tone emissions. Further tonality testing was undertaken which demonstrated that the tone was rectified for all measurement periods.
Distributions of air pollutants associated with oil and natural gas development measured in the Upper Green River Basin of Wyoming
Authors: Field R.A. , Soltis J.J. , Pérez-Ballesta P. , Grandesso E. , Montague D.C.
Published: October 2015

Diffusive sampler monitoring techniques were employed during wintertime studies from 2009 to 2012 to assess the spatial distribution of air pollutants associated with the Pinedale Anticline and Jonah Field oil and natural gas (O&NG) developments in the Upper Green River Basin, Wyoming. Diffusive sampling identified both the extent of wintertime ozone (O3) episodes and the distributions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx), and a suite of 13 C5+ volatile organic compounds (VOC), including BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene isomers), allowing the influence of different O&NG emission sources to be determined. Concentration isopleth mapping of both diffusive sampler and continuous O3 measurements show the importance of localized production and advective transport. As for O3, BTEX and NOx mixing ratios within O&NG development areas were elevated compared to background levels, with localized hotspots also evident. One BTEX hotspot was related to an area with intensive production activities, while a second was located in an area influenced by emissions from a water treatment and recycling facility. Contrastingly, NOx hotspots were at major road intersections with relatively high traffic flows, indicating influence from vehicular emissions. Comparisons of observed selected VOC species ratios at a roadside site in the town of Pinedale with those measured in O&NG development areas show that traffic emissions contribute minimally to VOCs in these latter areas. The spatial distributions of pollutant concentrations identified by diffusive sampling techniques have potential utility for validation of emission inventories that are combined with air quality modeling.
Managing chronic pain in children
Authors: El-Radhi A Sahib
Published: October 2015

An overview of how to treat the most common types of pain experienced by children. By A Sahib El-Radhi
Surgical site infection in elderly patients with hip fractures, silver-coated versus regular dressings: a randomised prospective trial
Authors: Kadar A. , Eisenberg G. , Yahav E. , Drexler M. , Salai M. , Steinberg E.L.
Published: October 2015

Objective:

Surgical site infection (SSI) after hip fracture surgery is a well-known complication with serious consequences for both the patient and the medical system. Silver ion treatment is considered an effective antibacterial agent, however, the use of silver dressing (SD) in the primary prevention of SSIs is controversial. The aims of this study were to compare SD with regular dressing (RD) in the prevention of SSI in elderly patients undergoing surgery for hip fractures, and to compare costs.

Method:

A matched group of 55 patients with hip fractures undergoing surgery with dynamic hip screw, cephalomedullary nail or hemiarthroplasty were randomised to either SD or RD groups. The dressings were applied in the operating theatre, and the patients were followed for one week for clinical signs of infection (discharge, erythema and fever). The RDs were replaced daily. The SDs were not removed for 5–7 days and kept moist. Skin swabs were taken from the wound surface on postoperative day 5–7 for bacterial skin colonisation.

Results:

The SD (n=31) and RD (n=24) groups were similar in age, sex and comorbidities. Infection signs were seen in two (2/31, 6.4%) of the SD patients compared with 2 (2/24, 8.3%) RD patients (p=1.0). Skin colonisation by bacteria at postoperative day 5–7 was tested in 27 patients: it was higher in the SD group (positive skin swab, 12/19, 63.2%) compared to the RD group (4/8, 50%, p=0.67). The use of SD added ~US$5 (UK ~£3.19) per patient.

Conclusion:

The use of SD was associated with higher costs than RD, but not superior in preventing SSIs in elderly patients undergoing hemiarthroplasty or fixation of hip fractures. SD was also not effective in reducing bacterial skin colonisation following hip fracture and surgery.
Find a soft spot
Authors: White Hilary
Published: October 2015

The following activities aimed at introducing squashy and spongy materials to your younger children, will encourage tactile exploration and help develop their understanding of different textures.
Just the facts
Authors: Doyle Phoebe
Published: October 2015

Non-fiction texts may often seem a little less appealing than beautifully illustrated storybooks. However, they can offer plenty of opportunity to encourage enquiring minds and develop knowledge.
Evaluation and Comparative Analysis of Global Environmental Competitiveness
Authors: Maoxing Huang  , Shoufu Lin
Published: October 2015

This article firstly puts forward a definition of global environmental competitiveness (GEC) and explains its connotations and component elements in detail. GEC has five parts, that is, ecological environmental competitiveness (EEC), resource environmental competitiveness (REC), environmental bearing competitiveness (EBC), environmental management competitiveness (EMC), and environmental coordination competitiveness (ECC). Based on the GEC Evaluation Indicator System and mathematical model, we carried out overall evaluation and regional analysis on the 2012 GEC of 133 countries. The environmental competitiveness of these countries displayed four characteristics and four rules. Finally, we propose some basic approaches and policy suggestions to enhance GEC.
Thirty centimetres above the ground: The regulation length for Greek skirts during the dictatorship of General Theodoros Pangalos, 1925–19261
Authors: Pichou Myrsini , Kapartziani Chrysoula
Published: October 2015

Law is an instrument by which political power is exercised and protected. Moreover the emphasis of the instrumental use of law often assumes or implies that the state is able to achieve its goals. Law, through its enforcement, fulfils the goal of social control. Under the guise of efforts to preserve morality and order, authoritarian regimes often apply the strangest of laws and regulations. In Greece, the General Theodoros Pangalos during his dictatorship (1925–1926) applied a regulation in order to control the length of women’s skirts. Much to the astonishment of the Greek urban society – and to the content of the seamstresses – on 1 December 1925 it was announced that it would be forbidden for all women, when in public, to wear skirts with hemlines that would deviate from the ground more than 30 centimetres! Otherwise, the offenders would be prosecuted. What were the reasons behind the application of this regulation? How did it circumvent civil and social rights? How was it received by the public? How is fashion related to the freedom of expression and how do fashion trends move from being merely objectionable to illegal? These are the main questions that this article will try to answer.
Wool you wear it? – Woollen garments in Norway and the United Kingdom
Authors: Hebrok Marie , Klepp Ingun G. , Turney Joanne
Published: October 2015

This article was developed from the project ‘Valuing Norwegian Wool’ initiated by the Norwegian National Institute for Consumer Research to generate knowledge on how wool can contribute to sustainable textile consumption, and how value creation can be increased in the Norwegian wool industry. The article will compare consumer perceptions, attitudes, practices and knowledge concerning wool as a material and as garments in Norway and in the United Kingdom, through a case study of wardrobes owned by six middle-class families. The aim is to generate knowledge about the diverse web of aspects that influence consumption of woollen garments. The wardrobe study as a method aims to include the materiality of garments in clothes research in a more direct way. Analysing the materiality in connection with the social and cultural aspects of clothes gives us a better understanding of the relations between materiality and practice.
‘Photographed at the Royal Festival Hall’ ... discursive constructions of dress, time and space in post-war British fashion media
Authors: McDowell Felice
Published: October 2015

This article discusses how the Royal Festival Hall (RFH) was featured as a location in editorial photo-spreads published in British fashion periodicals Vogue and Harper’s Bazaar throughout 1952.1 It invites another way of looking at the RFH, an often-celebrated architectural icon of British post-war history and democratic achievement. This article focuses upon the spatiality of the fashion magazine and addresses how this particular object context can aid the historical analysis of fashion imagery, and representations of space. Here a history of fashion, dress codes, femininity, modern architecture and post-war public cultural space is garnered within the sequential layout of the fashion magazine page.
A structural equation model of coping with acculturative stress and college adaption among international students in Korea
Authors: Kim Oh-sook
Published: October 2015

This study was done to identify the causal relationship among the factors related to the university life adjustment of international students in Korea. The data was collected between June 1, 2013 and July 15, 2013, from 363 international students at a university located in Seoul, Korea. Collected data was analyzed with SPSS 20.0 for descriptive statistical analysis and the model was tested with AMOS 20.0. This study demonstrated that the university life adjustment of international students in Korea were impacted by individualism, acculturation stress, self-efficacy, active coping and passive coping, and self-efficacy and active coping were observed as having indirect effects. In order to promote the successful university life adjustment of international students in Korea, it is necessary to devise strategies and solutions to increase the self-efficacy of intentional students and encourage active coping.
Uso do resíduo de laranja lima e da casca de coco verde na produção de enzimas
Authors: Abud Ana Karla Souza , Araújo Micaela Lopes , Almeida Renata Maria Rosas Garcia
Published: October 2015

Com uma economia baseada na produção agrícola, o Nordeste brasileiro apresenta grandes volumes de resíduos que, quando não adequadamente dispostos, geram problemas ambientais e de saúde, devido à atração de insetos e roedores e o mau cheiro oriundos do processo de degradação. Como alternativa para minorar tais problemas e agregar valor aos resíduos, com a formação de produtos de interesse comercial, surgem os processos biotecnológicos. A aplicação da fermentação semi-sólida (FSS) é uma destas alternativas, destacando-se por ser um processo simples e de baixo custo. Avaliou-se neste trabalho o uso de resíduos agroindustriais como substrato para a produção de enzimas hidrolíticas por fermentação semi-sólida a partir do fungo Aspergillus niger, conduzidas em frascos Erlenmeyers de 250 mL suplementados com meio mineral, de forma a se ter um conteúdo final de umidade em torno de 60%. A cinética de crescimento foi acompanhada através de medida das atividades enzimáticas, acidez, pH, açúcares redutores (AR) e açúcares redutores totais (ART). Os resultados obtidos mostraram boa eficiência na produção de poligalacturonase ao utilizar resíduos de casca de coco verde, bagaço de laranja lima e a mistura dos dois resíduos como substrato, sendo a maior atividade poligalacturonásica 52,48 U/g, 22, 52 U/g e 38,68 U/g, respectivamente, com fraca atividade de pectinase em ambos. Obtiveram-se baixos valores para as atividades de avicelase e carboximetilcelulase para todos os resíduos, o que indica a necessidade de um pré-tratamento alcalino para promover maior indução enzimática.
YEREL PAZARLARDA TÜKETİCİLERİN GSM OPERATÖRLERİNİ ALGILAMALARINI BELİRLEMEYE YÖNELİK BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: Altuntaş Başar , Karaarslan Mustafa Halid , Özdemir Halil Özcan
Published: October 2015

Teknoloji alanındaki gelişmelerin sonucunda mobil iletişim, diğer alanlara kıyasla oldukça hızlı gelişen sektör olmuştur. Sektörde faaliyet gösteren GSM operatör firmaları, abone sayılarını artırabilmek amacıyla ulusal ölçekte pazarlama faaliyetlerini sürdürürken, yerel düzeyde bir takım ayrıntıları fark edememe riskiyle karşı karşıya kalmaktadırlar. Operatör değiştirme eğiliminin yüksek olduğu sektörde, müşterileri bu değişime sürükleyen etkenlerin bilinmesi ve bu doğrultuda pazarlama faaliyetlerinin planlanması önem arz etmektedir. Çalışmanın temel hedefi yerel düzeyde tüketicilerin, operatör firmaları algılamalarını tespit etmek ve firmaların bu konuda ihtiyaç duyduğu bilgiyi sağlayabilmektir. Veri analizi neticesinde tüketicilerin operatör işletmeyi, çekim kalitesi, memnuniyet, bağlılık ve adalet algısı olmak üzere dört farklı boyutta değerlendirdikleri tespit edilmiştir. Bu boyutlara göre iller arasında ve tüketicilerin yaşı ile eğitim seviyesine göre operatör firmaları algılamalarında farklılıklarının olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Model of Islamic Counseling in Developing Students’ Competencies in MAN 1 Bandung
Authors: Nursyamsi Nursyamsi
Published: October 2015

Students’ interpersonal problems with their peers, parents, and teachers have become more critical in the present society that serious attention must be paid to overcome it.  Therefore, Islamic counseling model which is derived from the Quranic principles has been developed to sustain the wealthy condition of individual students. The purpose of this research is to develop an effective Islamic counseling model that may increase students’ interpersonal competency in  MAN I Bandung.  To achieve such a purpose, then, a Research and Development (RD) through need assessment, development, experiment, and model revise were set up.  A quasi – experiment with “Pretest – Posttest Control Group Designs” procedure has been implemented to test the model being developed. The finding showed that the level of student’s interpersonal competency before the treatment varied greatly. The post-test score after the treatment, however, showed that their interpersonal competencies got significantly improved. This improvement suggests that student’s interpersonal competency should be developed in terms of: self perceptive and other people, self firm, become comfortable with one self and other people, become independent person, realistic expectation to oneself and other people, and self protection in interpersonal situations.Keywords:   Islamic Counseling Model and Interpersonal CompetencyCopyright © 2015 by Al-Ta'lim All right reserved
Validação de um sistema de previsão para a mancha bacteriana do tomateiro
Authors: Marcuzzo Leandro Luiz , Becker Walter Ferreira , Fernandes José Mauricio Cunha
Published: October 2015

Com o objetivo de validar um modelo de previsão, com diferentes níveis de severidade comparados à pulverização convencional no controle da mancha bacteriana do tomateiro, foram conduzidos experimentos em Caçador/SC durante os ciclos de cultivo de 2006/07, 2007/08 e 2009/10. Os regimes de pulverização foram estabelecidos de acordo com a severidade estimada (SE=% de severidade em folhas/100) de 0,05; 0,10, 0,15 e 0,25, baseado no modelo SE = 0,0001538 * {[(x-8)(2,4855647)* ((32-x)(0,7091962))} * {[0,64289/(1+21,26122 * exp (-0,12435*y)} e no sistema convencional (pulverizações a cada 5 e 7 dias e duas vezes por semana, dependendo do ciclo de cultivo). Não houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos quanto à produtividade e incidência da doença em frutos. Na área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPD), constatou-se redução de 25,71% na SE 0,15 para o mesmo número de pulverizações realizadas semanalmente. Nos ciclos 2007/08 e 2009/10 os tratamentos não diferiram entre si quanto a AACPD, mas no sistema de previsão com SE 0,15 o número de pulverizações foi mais que 50% menor em relação ao sistema com duas aplicações semanais.
Resistência do Abacaxizeiro 'Turiaçu' a Meloidogyne arenaria, M. enterolobii, M. incognita e M. javanica
Authors: Silva Gilson Soares da , Krasucki Any Izabela Silva , Rozário Isis Lorena Medeiros , Leite Raycenne Rosa
Published: October 2015

Neste trabalho avaliou-se, em condições de casa de vegetação, a reação do abacaxizeiro 'Turiaçu' [Ananas comosus (L.) Merril 'Turiaçu'] a Meloidogyne arenaria, M. enterolobii, M. incognita e M. javanica. Mudas tipo filhote foram plantadas em vasos com capacidade de 3L contendo solo autoclavado. Quando as mudas apresentaram raízes desenvolvidas, foram inoculadas com 5000 ovos de cada espécie do nematoide, separadamente. Foi adotado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com dez repetições. Cento e cinquenta dias após a inoculação, as plantas foram avaliadas quanto ao fator de reprodução do nematoide (FR=população final/população inicial). O abacaxizeiro 'Turiaçu' mostrou-se altamente resistente às quatro espécies de Meloidogyne, com fatores de reprodução variando entre 0,00 a 0,03.
How Brazilian learners express modality through verbs and adverbs in their writing: a corpus-based study on n-grams
Authors: TENUTA Adriana Maria , OLIVEIRA Ana Larissa A M , ORFANÓ Bárbara Malveira
Published: October 2015

Based on the view of modality in the theoretical framework of descriptive syntax, this study examined a corpus of learners compared with a corpus of native speakers of English, aiming to identify different patterns of expression of modal meanings, particularly, adverbs and modal verbs. Therefore, the study focused its analysis on n-grams containing modal verbs and adverbs that express modality. This analysis revealed the prevalence of epistemic values in both corpora, and the existence of distinct patterns in the expression of this type of modality. In the non-native corpus, the expression of modality is restricted when compared to the native speakers'. In the corpus of native speakers, there was a prevalence of adverbs with modalizing meanings. In addition, learners tend to use some modal verbs differently. This study may contribute to the emerging field of corpora linguistic studies as well as to the area of syntax, with possible implications for the teaching of academic writing in English.
A Teoria de Benveniste sobre a pessoalidade e seus desdobramentos na enunciação infantil
Authors: FERREIRA JÚNIOR José Temístocles , FLORES Valdir do Nascimento , CAVALCANTE Marianne Carvalho Bezerra
Published: October 2015

Neste trabalho, objetivamos discutir a teoria de (Benveniste 1988 e 1989) sobre a categoria de pessoa na linguagem e examinar suas implicações na enunciação infantil. Para isso, iremos revisitar a abordagem enunciativa de Benveniste, destacando algumas questões correlacionadas à teoria da pessoalidade. Após isso, buscaremos apresentar dados ilustrativos para discutir a emergência e o funcionamento dos índices de pessoa na fala da criança. O corpus de que dispomos é formado por dados de interação envolvendo três crianças diferentes (e suas respectivas mães) em situações naturalísticas, presentes na pesquisa de Ferreira Júnior (2009). As análises dos nossos dados mostram que há mecanismos enunciativos subjacentes à fala da criança que comportam modos de apropriação do sistema da língua e de engajamento do sujeito na relação discursiva com o outro.
A review of Taxithelium (Sematophyllaceae) in Brazil
Authors: Buck William R.
Published: October 2015

Taxithelium is represented in Brazil by three species. Each species is described and illustrated and its distribution in Brazil is mapped. Taxithelium planum (Brid. ) mitt. is weedy but mainly confined to the low elevations of Amazonia; T. pluripunctatum(Ren. & Card.) Buck is reported for the first time for Brazil from three localities; T. juruense (Broth.) Broth. is apparently endemic to Acre.
Physicochemical properties and antioxidant capacity of propolis of stingless bees (Meliponinae) and Apisfrom two regions of Tocantins, Brazil
Authors: ARAÚJO Karuane Saturnino da Silva , SANTOS JÚNIOR Joaquim Francisco dos , SATO Marcello Otake , FINCO Fernanda Dias Bartolomeu Abadio , SOARES Ilsamar Mendes , BARBOSA Robson dos Santos , ALVIM Tarso da Costa , ASCÊNCIO Sérgio Donizeti , MARIANO Sandra Maria Botelho
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThe composition of propolis depends on time, vegetation and the location of the collection area. The objective of this study was to determine the physicochemical characteristics, the concentration of phenol compounds and the antioxidant capacity of propolis of native stingless bees (Meliponinae)and Apis from the State of Tocantins. Extraction with 80% ethanol (v/v) was performed in order to obtain the extracts. Parameters examined were: propolis mass loss by desiccation at 105 ºC, ashes, wax concentration and pH. Furthermore, the propolis antioxidant activity was measured, as well as the total concentration of phenol compounds. The extracts were also analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The total concentration of phenol compounds varied between 121.78 and 631.29 (mg GAE g-1). The antioxidant activity expressed by the value of CE50 varied between 29.81 and 845.38 µg mL-1. High performance liquid chromatography analysis allowed us to infer the existence of phenol compounds. The results indicated that the studied propolis samples constitute good sources of natural antioxidants. The variety of phenol compounds identified in this study, and the diverse biological functions reported in literature for these compounds indicated that this stingless bee propolis (Meliponinae) and Apis has a high pharmacological potential.
As Tecnologias na Educação: uma questão somente técnica?
Authors: Conte Elaine , Martini Rosa Maria Filippozzi
Published: October 2015

Resumo:Este ensaio desenvolve investigações sobre os usos das tecnologias na educação, tendo como referência a ressignificação dialógica dos sentidos e das relações sociopolíticas e culturais das tecnologias na constituição do discurso pedagógico. Trata-se de investigar as questões emblemáticas da área de tecnologias empregadas na educação, vislumbrando um modelo de formação sensível à prevenção da incorporação ingênua das tecnologias na educação. O estudo revisa concepções para reconhecer a pluralidade e a objetividade que têm alicerçado as práticas pedagógicas, elucidando como os elementos tecnológicos promovem a curiosidade e interferem diretamente na formação cultural, aprendizagem, linguagem e em todas as dimensões da racionalidade humana.
Semantic memory for actions as assessed by the Kissing and Dancing Test: Education and age effects in cognitively healthy individuals
Authors: Baradel Roberta Roque , Silva Henrique Salmazo da , Estequi Jaqueline Geraldin , Parente Maria Alice de Mattos Pimenta , Sato João Ricardo , Carthery-Goulart Maria Teresa
Published: October 2015

Action semantics is a relevant part of cognitive-linguistic assessment and the "Kissing and Dancing Test" (KDT) has been used extensively for this purpose, evidencing clinical distinctions among brain-damaged patients. To enhance its use, reference values are necessary, especially for populations with heterogeneous educational levels and socioeconomic backgrounds.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of schooling and age on the KDT in cognitively unimpaired individualMETHODS: The KDT was applied to seventy-four healthy subjects. Sociodemographic factors were investigated through correlational and between-group analyses. Reference values according to age and schooling were provided.RESULTSKDT performance correlated significantly with schooling (r=0.757, p<0.01), age (r=-0.496, p<0.01) and socioeconomic status (r=0.418 p<0.01) but these variables were intercorrelated. Correlation with schooling and age remained signifi when controlling for age and socioeconomic status (r=0.530, p<0.01), and for schooling (-0.305,<0.01), respectively. When controlling for schooling, correlation between socioeconomic status and KDT was not significant (p=0.164). Between-group analyses revealed no age effects. Significant differences were found in performance according to educational level. Scores below 39/52 and below 47/52 (percentile 25) for individuals with 8 or less years of schooling and for individuals with 9 or more years of schooling, respectively, seem suggestive of an impairment in Action Semantics Processing and shall be further investigatedCONCLUSION KDT performance was influenced both by age and schooling, indicating the need to consider these demographic features as covariates when analyzing performance on the test and to adjust cut-off scores according to these demographic characteristics in clinical practice.
Logopenic aphasia or Alzheimer's disease: Different phases of the same disease?
Authors: Beber Bárbara Costa , Kochhann Renata , Silva Bruna Matias da , Chaves Marcia L. F.
Published: October 2015

The logopenic variant of Primary Progressive Aphasia, or logopenic aphasia, is a the most recently described variant of Primary Progressive Aphasia and also the least well defined. This variant can present clinical findings that are also common to Alzheimer's disease, given they both share the same cytopathologic findings. This article reports the clinical case of a patient for whom it proved difficult to define a clinical diagnosis, being split between the logopenic variant and Alzheimer's disease at different phases of the disease. Using this case as an example and drawing on the latest evidence from the literature on the logopenic variant, we postulate the hypothesis that this variant may present as an initial symptom of Alzheimer's disease in some atypical cases.
AKI after Transcatheter or Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Thongprayoon Charat , Cheungpasitporn Wisit , Srivali Narat , Harrison Andrew M. , Gunderson Tina M. , Kittanamongkolchai Wonngarm , Greason Kevin L. , Kashani Kianoush B.
Published: October 2015

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is an alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) for patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis who are at high risk of perioperative mortality. Previous studies showed increased risk of postoperative AKI with TAVR, but it is unclear whether differences in patient risk profiles confounded the results. To conduct a propensity-matched study, we identified all adult patients undergoing isolated aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis at Mayo Clinic Hospital in Rochester, Minnesota from January 1, 2008 to June 30, 2014. Using propensity score matching on the basis of clinical characteristics and preoperative variables, we compared the postoperative incidence of AKI, defined by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes guidelines, and major adverse kidney events in patients treated with TAVR with that in patients treated with SAVR. Major adverse kidney events were the composite of in-hospital mortality, use of RRT, and persistent elevated serum creatinine ≥200% from baseline at hospital discharge. Of 1563 eligible patients, 195 matched pairs (390 patients) were created. In the matched cohort, baseline characteristics, including Society of Thoracic Surgeons risk score and eGFR, were comparable between the two groups. Furthermore, no significant differences existed between the TAVR and SAVR groups in postoperative AKI (24.1% versus 29.7%; P=0.21), major adverse kidney events (2.1% versus 1.5%; P=0.70), or mortality >6 months after surgery (6.0% versus 8.3%; P=0.51). Thus, TAVR did not affect postoperative AKI risk. Because it is less invasive than SAVR, TAVR may be preferred in high-risk individuals.
Pulsatile Ansteuerung einer Diagonalblutpumpe
Authors: Kühn Jan , Stollenwerk André , Kowalewski Stefan , Brendle Christian , Walter Marian , Leonhardt Steffen , Wardeh Markus
Published: October 2015

Dieser Beitrag stellt die pulsatile Ansteuerung einer handelsüblichen Blutpumpe über eine prototypische Steuerung vor. Sie ist Teil des Projektes ECLA-Vent, in dem die Verbesserung der Effizienz und Sicherheit der ARDS-Behandlung untersucht wird. Die Aufgabe der betrachteten Diagonalblutpumpe ist die Blutflussgenerierung zur extrakorporalen Lungenunterstützung. Um den hohen dynamischen Anforderungen eines pulsatilen Betriebs gerecht zu werden, wurde die Leistungselektronik zur Ansteuerung des Pumpenantriebs überarbeitet und eine Regelung entwickelt und evaluiert. Zur Reglerentwicklung wurde die Modellierung des Systems angepasst und neu parametriert. Die diskretisierte Regelung wurde für die Softwareumgebung der echtzeitfähigen Mikrokontrollerarchitektur implementiert. Die so überarbeitete Pumpensteuerung wurde in vitro und in vivo charakterisiert.
The New Transparency: Police Violence in the Context of Ubiquitous Surveillance
Authors: Brucato Ben
Published: October 2015

Media and surveillance scholars often comment on the purported empowering quality of transparency, which they expect participatory media to promote. From its Enlightenment origins, transparency is related to accountability and legitimacy: its increase is believed to promote these. It has earned a position as an unassailed, prime normative value in contemporary liberal and social democracies. Though still valued, transparency is undergoing change in an era of ubiquitous surveillance. Publics still anticipate governmental and corporate self-disclosure and for such entities to operate visibly; but increasingly, deliberate and incidental surveillance by a range of sources, both institutional and informal, documents the activities of such authorities. More often, civilians participate in producing or amplifying transparency. This article explores this new transparency through a study of U.S. police, focusing on the discourse of police accountability activists and cop watchers to describe how their work adapts traditional notions of transparency. Recognizing the resilience of the police institution despite the new visibility of its violence, the article challenges the presumption that increased transparency will promote institutional reform or crisis. It concludes with a critical comment on prominent expectations that promoting the visibility of police can protect publics and ensure police accountability. This conclusion has implications for other forms of the new transparency, including whistleblowing (e.g., Edward Snowden) and leaking (e.g., WikiLeaks).
Mechanisms of acute exogenous hypoxia formation and possibilities of its pharmacological correction by antihypoxants
Authors: Sosin Denis Vladimirovich , Shalaeva Ol'ga Evgen'yevna , Yevseyev Andrey Viktorovich , Shabanov Petr Dmitriyevich
Published: October 2015

The common mechanisms of acute exogenous hypoxia formation and ways of organism adaptation to this condition are considered in the review. The characteristics of brain bioelectrical activities and its energy metabolism during acute exogenous hypoxia are described in detail. Special attention has been devoted to the problem of acute hypoxia pharmacological correction by antihypoxants with emphasis on possibility to use metal-complex compounds including variable valence metals and nature biologically active substances as hypoxprotectors. The original data confirm high efficacy of zinc-contained metal-complex antihypoxants in acute hypoxia formation. The prospects of selenium-containing metal-complexes with zinc (II) as a center of complex molecule are noted.