bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tracking moving objects on video in psychological studies
Authors: Zhegallo A.V.
Published: December 2019

The article discusses the possibilities of using OpenCV and dlib libraries to track the position of specified objects on the video image and to track a set of landmark points of the human face. It is shown that these problems can be effectively solved with the help of compact programs in Python. The Python language is recommended to the attention of research psychologists as an instrument for analyzing video images and constructing complex experiments.
New approaches for assessing the activities of operators of complex technical systems
Authors: Kuravsky L.S. , Yuryev G.A. , Zlatomrezhev V.I.
Published: December 2019

Presented are new approaches for supporting the outcome grading for activities of operators of complex technical systems, which are based on comparisons of current exercises with the activity database patterns in both the wavelet representation metric associated with time series of activity parameters and the likelihood metric of eigenvalue trajectories for these parameters transforms as well as on probabilistic assessments of skill class recognition using sample distribution functions of exercise distances to cluster centers in a scaling space and Bayesian likelihood estimations with the aid of probabilistic profile of staying in activity parameter ranges. These techniques have demonstrated the capabilities of recognizing sets of abnormal exercises and detection of parameters characterizing operator mistakes to reveal the causes of abnormality. The techniques in question overcome limitations of existing methods and provide advantages over manual data analysis since they greatly reduce the combinatorial enumeration of the options considered.
The Flynn Effect in Russia
Authors: Sugonyaev K.V. , Grigoriev A.A.
Published: December 2019

The term «the Flynn Effect» is accepted to designate a phenomenon of the observed rising in IQ test performance over time. This phenomenon causes considerable interest around the world, not only among psychologists. It is studied to some extent in several tens of countries; however Russia was not included into their number until recently. In order to bridge this gap we take advantage of analyzing results of large-scale voluntary online testing on the site http://www.mil.ru by means of psychometrically reliable cognitive test in 2012—18. Its items are addressed to verbal, numerical, spatial and perceptual speed factors of intelligence (with prevalence of the two first); it is possible to refer not less than ¾ of them to the sphere of crystallized intelligence. After performance of all cleaning procedures there were 238363 protocols suitable for the analysis. All participants are presumably men at the age of 18—40 years (M = 26.4±5.1). The analysis of IQ scores among the persons who were born in 1974—1999 revealed that up to the middle of the 80th the decline of the test scores took place which then replaced by linear growth which rate was estimated about 0.19 IQ points per year. However if the correction for probable lowering influence of increase in age is made, growth rate of IQ scores can become closer to 0.3 points. It is shown that these results as a whole are consistent with earlier registered growth of estimates of fluid intelligence in cohorts of law force university entrants. Hypotheses concerning relations of this phenomenon with features of a social and economic situation in Russia in the 80—90th of the last century are offered.
Sign-reference equivalence research methods in humans and animals
Authors: Samuleeva M.V. , Smirnova A.A. , Zorina Z.A.
Published: December 2019

Human language based on symbolization or sign-referent equivalence relations. The paper focuses on methods of studying the process of developing of sign-referent equivalence. Subject is trained in Matching-To-Sample task: for example, reinforcing of stimulus B if the sample was A, and stimulus D if the sample was C. Following test allows to reveal if new relations (for example, symmetry, if subject chooses stimulus A if the sample was B) appeared spontaneously. Human subjects usually pass this test successfully. This result may be explained by repeated demonstration of sign-referent symmetry during language learning and using. Our paper is dedicated to methods features which can be used to study sign-reference developing in human and animals. We discuss factors that leads to appearance of this crucial property of stimulus equivalence.
Social structures and communications in the world of microorganisms
Authors: Grechenko T.N. , Kharitonov A.N. , Zhegallo A.V.
Published: December 2019

Social life is based on the interaction of community members. The object of our study was microorganisms at different stages of community morphogenesis and in the process of restoring the integrity of social structures. The electrical activity indices of individual cells and groups making up these structures were recorded. In our experiments on the cyanobacteria Oscillatoria terebriformis, myxomycetes Lycogala epidendrum, and yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we obtained electrographic characteristics of the states and event dynamics of social structures, which indicate synchronization processes in solving a common problem in each of the studied communities.
Paired experiment to identify truth and lie indicators in the natural conditions
Authors: Zhegallo A.V. , Basul I.A.
Published: December 2019

The aim of this work was to develop an experimental design to study the manifestations and methods of detectingthe indicators of reliability/unreliability of the reported information in the situation with high ecological validity. In this regard, the adaptation of the card game “I Believe, I do not believe”, which can be played by two players, and the maximum points can be obtained in situations where it is possible to outwit the opponent or reveal his cunning, was made. To ensure the possibility of further analysis of manifestations and methods of searching for indicators of reliability/unreliability of the reported information, the interaction of players is carried out by means of video communication, and the video streams themselves are recorded. Additionally, oculomotor activity of players is recorded for further analysis of strategies for searching for signs of truth/lies during the game. The software and hardware complex implementing this game is developed, performing synchronous recording of the game process, communication of players through the video communication system, as well as oculomotor activity of players. The results of pilot study conducted with the use of this complex are presented.
Adaptation of spiritual personality inventory on the russian sample
Authors: Ozhiganova G.V.
Published: December 2019

In the article the constructs “spirituality”, “spiritual personality” are considered from the psychological point of view. The results of the adaptation of “Spiritual personality inventory” are presented. The five-factor structure of the inventory highlighted in the Russian-language sample is described. The results obtained on a Russian sample show a sufficient reliability of the adapted inventory “Spiritual Personality”.
True and pseudo-interdisciplinary researches: The principles of a system-structural approach to the medical-and-psychological projects planning
Authors: Kharlamenkova N. , Yeskin N.A. , Snetkov A.I. , Akinshina A.D. , Batrakov S.Y. , Vilenskaya G.A. , Dan I.M. , Dan M.V. , Matveychuk N.N. , Nikitina E.A.
Published: December 2019

The actual problem of interdisciplinary projects organizing is discussed. The purpose of the article is to justify the principles of planning and conducting the interdisciplinary medico-psychological research, in identifying its features in comparison with pseudo-interdisciplinary approaches. Types of interdisciplinary research are examined, distinctions are made between the true and pseudo-interdisciplinary approaches. The principles of true interdisciplinary research are formulated — the principle of choosing the object of study, the principle of determining the coordinates of the subject area of research, the hypothetico-deductive principle of interdisciplinary research and the principle of unity of interdisciplinary project methodology. The content of each principle is revealed by the example of medico-psychological research currently being carried out by the team of employees of the Institute of Psychology RAS and the National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after N.N. Priorov. It is shown that the system-structural approach to conducting the interdisciplinary medico-psychological research consists in coordinating theoretical constructs and empirical variables in accordance with the given coordinates of the research subject field and specific criteria for assessing the physical and mental state of the object of study. It is shown that the selected criteria allow, without leveling the specifics of individual scientific disciplines — medicine and psychology — to form a unified subject field of research and to develop an approach relevant for solving scientific and practical problems.
R&D expenditures by field of science and GDP: Which causes which in Canada?
Authors: Doyar Bayram Veli
Published: December 2019

This paper attempts to reveal the relationship between GDP per capita and R&D expenditure per capita, R&D expenditure per capita on natural sciences and engineering, and R&D expenditure per capita on social sciences and humanities for Canada. Based on data from 1981 to 2014, bootstrap causality test proposed by Hacker and Hatemi-J (2006) show that there is a unidirectional causality from GDP per capita to R&D expenditure per capita, and a unidirectional causality from GDP per capita to R&D expenditure per capita on natural sciences and engineering. However, no causal relationship is observed between R&D expenditure per capita on social sciences and humanities and GDP per capita. These results may point an indirect relationship between the variables or the validity of R&D paradox and the European paradox for Canada.
Is employment growth affected by the introduction of broadband services? Evidence from firms in Ireland
Authors: Carthy Philip , Lyons Sean
Published: December 2019

This paper examines the effects of deploying digital subscriber line (DSL) broadband on job creation within existing firms. We use spatial information on broadband and firm locations, exploiting geographical and temporal variation in broadband availability in Ireland during 2007-2014. This is linked to a panel of firm-level data on employment and other characteristics. Econometric models are used to explore the relationship between DSL and employment over time and across local economic and industry contexts. We also investigate whether effects might vary depending upon local educational attainment. We find little evidence of a general effect of DSL roll-out on employment in Irish firms.
Towards a more resilient euro area
Authors: Gordo Esther , Kataryniuk Ivan
Published: December 2019

The euro area has shown lower capacity to resist shocks than other monetary unions, such as the US. One possible determinant is the lack of risk-sharing mechanisms. In this article, we estimate the risk-sharing capacity of the Euro Area according to the Asdrubali et al. (1996) methodology. The results show that the degree of risk-sharing is low in the euro area, in particular, due to underdeveloped capital markets and the lack of a central fiscal capacity. We suggest venues of reform to increase the economic resilience of the common currency area.
The quality of public finances: where do we stand?
Authors: Rodriguez-Vives Marta
Published: December 2019

There is a renewed interest in the quality of public finances (QPF). This is a multidimensional concept that can be approached from different angles. In practice, the QPF implies a budget composition that should promote long-term output growth and, at least, not raise inequality. This paper revisits the framework of QPF and provides some data on the changing trends in the composition of public finance in the post-crisis period in a sample of advanced countries.
In search of determinants of FDI backward spillovers: a meta-analysis
Authors: Fan Hongzhong , He Shi
Published: December 2019

Drawing on a unique dataset of 694 estimates from 24 studies on foreign direct investment backward productivity spillovers in China, our prime objective is to investigate determinants of backward spillovers from foreign direct investment using Bayesian Model Averaging based Meta-Analysis. Our results suggest that backward spillovers vary across firm attributes, including the ownership structure of foreign firms, the origin of foreign firms, market orientation of foreign firms, the ownership structure of local firms and the technological levels of local firms. For instance, export-orientated foreign firms generate largest benefits of backward spillovers for the domestic economy among firm attributes.
The geographical distribution of Portuguese business incubators: an empirical approach
Authors: Brás Gonçalo Rodrigues , Preto Miguel Torres
Published: December 2019

This study attempts to develop an ordered logit/probit regression model to identify the determinants of the geographical distribution of business incubators (BIs) in Portuguese regions. The results show that Portuguese BIs are more likely to be geographically concentrated in regions where the number of patent applications is higher, usually in the larger regions (particularly in metropolitan areas), and mostly in regions with a university. The study clearly demonstrates the importance of Portuguese universities to the location of BIs.
The persistent and informative distribution of returns on capital
Authors: Dos Santos Paulo L. , Yang Jangho
Published: December 2019

This Letter draws on series of very large national samples to show that cross-sectional distributions of realized returns on capital (RoC) are persistently well described by the same functional form: double stretched-exponentials. The Letter shows how the tails of these distributions can be understood as entropy maxima, suggesting complex patterns of competitive interactions across decentralized, market economies sustain formally persistent statistical equilibria in markets for capital. Such equilibria and their characteristics set the explanatory burden for successful economic accounts of the competitive regulation of profitability. They also point toward interesting new lines of inquiry on the systemic consequences of market competition in those economies and on the price structures it conditions.
ANALISIS BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP MOTIVASI KERJA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA KARYAWAN FIS UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MALANG
Authors: Az zuhri Fahmi Muhammad , Permanasari Kartika Indah Permanasari
Published: December 2019

Kinerja karyawan yang optimal merupakan salah satu sasaran organisasi untuk mencapai produktivitas kerja yang tinggi. Sikap mental karyawan yang pro dan positif terhadap situasi kerja itulah yang memperkuat motivasi kerjanya untuk mencapai kinerja maksimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh langsung antara Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kinerja  karyawan Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Universitas Negeri Malang dan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh tidak langsung antara Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Fakultas Ilmu  Sosial Universitas Negeri Malang melalui  Motivasi kerja Karyawan. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan adalah 99 responden. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah Path Analysis. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh langsung yang signifikan antara budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan FIS UM. Terdapat pengaruh tidak langsung antara budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan melalui motivasi karyawan
Kito-ryu jujutsu and the desolation of Kodokan judo’s Koshiki-no-kata -Remembering Inoue Shoji (1927-2018)
Authors: De Crée Carl
Published: December 2019

Inoue Shoji (1927-2018) was born in Tokushimaprefecture, Japan. As a youngster he took up judo. Later, he studied Kito-ryu jujutsu for some time with Odaka Shigeru. During his professional career as a prison guard he followed up on an offer to become a judo therapist. In a dojo in the Yamashina-ku ward in Kyoto he taught both judo and a limited catalogue of Kito-ryu that included exercises that were adopted into Kodokan judo under the name koshiki-no-kata [The Antique Forms]. With Kodokan judo continuing to deteriorate into an ordinary sport and losing its core values and purpose, Inoue increasingly appreciated the traditional martial arts values preserved in Kito-ryu jujutsu. His enthusiasm was reflected in beginning to give public demonstrations at various events in Japan and becoming a representative of Kito-ryu in the Nihon Kobudo Kyokai. Inoue’s supreme moment of glory likely was his public demonstration in 2013 at the occasion of the Fifth International Judo Federation (IJF) World Kata Judo Championships held in Kyoto. It was this performance that introduced him to the international judo community and brought him certain fame. For most foreign judoka this was their first contact with Kito-ryu. Irrespective of the quality of Inoue’s display, his approach offered a counterweight against the Kodokan’s historic reinvention and the IJF sports kata caricature. Several video clips publicly available on YouTube remain as a lasting memory of his art. Inoue Shoji held the rank of Kodokan 8th dan, and peacefully died in Kyoto on October 30th, 2018.
The basic foundations of capoeira’ learning: preliminary evaluation of a formative program
Authors: Barros Nelson , Branco Marco , Catela David
Published: December 2019

Capoeira is a simulated duel supported by the rhythmic of instrumentalists, with traditional musical instruments; evolving a constant synchrony with the other capoeirista. Nowadays, capoeira is passed on by traditional processes, according to the past experience and personal interpretations of the Mestre de capoeira (capoeira master/coach). The purpose of this pilot study was to present a preliminary evaluation of a program for learning the basic techniques, for capoeira teaching agents, respecting the cultural and historical values of capoeira’ identity; applied to 15 first-grade school children (Mage = 8.0 ± 1.2 years old), belonging to a non-governmental organization, with integrative social roles, and to a national sports club, all capoeira beginners; throughout 30 sessions (90 minutes each), over three months. Results revealed that a significant improvement occurred in the quality of execution of all the twelve selected capoeira techniques, with no significant differences between genders and institutional origin, sustaining the potential cultural and social affordances of capoeira. The practice in dupla (dyad), in the fundamental ginga ability, provided synchronization among children, from the first moment, in tune with one of the specificities of this body culture movements, with a proper rhythmic structure (reinforced by music), which are performed in pairs. This program should be tested in an enlarged sample, and in other learning contexts (e.g., schools, clubs), to test its applicability.
Exploratory study on maturation and competition level in young karate practitioners
Authors: Branco Marco , VencesBrito António M. , Seabra Ana Paula , Mercê Cristiana , Rodrigues-Ferreira Mário A. , Milheiro Vítor , Catela David
Published: December 2019

Paring children improve the chance for success and reduce injury in sport. Despite the maturity differences between children, chronological age remains the main criterion to equalize competition levels, but with limited efficiency. However, in Karate, weight is also considered. We went to investigate the association between chronological age and maturational indicators and find simple models to put on reflection new ways to assess the maturity. Data were collected in 54 young Karate practitioners (age: 12.67 ± 2.49 years, experience: 4.99 ± 2.44 years, height: 150.45 ± 15.25 cm, weight: 43.09 ± 14, 17 kg, 20 girls). Age correlated significantly with self-observation of sexual maturation (rho = 0.838; p < 0.01), and it was possible to find simple regression models that have a moderate explanation in maturation, using only simple measurable variables such as the height, weight and arm circumference. These results should lead the competent entities to reflect on the way of pairing of the athletes in the competitions, in a fair way in terms of maturation.
La Honorable Hermandad de Cinturones Negros en las artes marciales coreanas
Authors: Millán Gonzalo Ariel
Published: December 2019

Las artes marciales como el taekwondo y el gumdo constituyen símbolos distintivos de la cultura coreana. Su difusión internacional es el resultado de una política gubernamental sostenida desde mediados del siglo XX. La popularidad de estos sistemas de entrenamiento se asocia a la idea de que inculcan valores fundamentales de la sociedad coreana, como el respeto por la autoridad, la jerarquía y la preeminencia de lo colectivo sobre lo individual. En este trabajo describimos cómo estos valores son incorporados y reproducidos en la práctica cotidiana de artes marciales en Corea, mediante un análisis del sistema de rangos propio de estas disciplinas, y los ritos de paso necesarios para moverse por este espacio simbólicamente estructurado. Al hacerlo, mostramos algunas tensiones y arreglos que surgen de la confrontación entre los valores que encarnan las disciplinas marciales y regímenes morales más amplios. En particular, cómo la enseñanza de artes marciales en Corea contribuye a reproducir relaciones desiguales entre los géneros, perpetuando una forma específica de dominación masculina.
Academic Taekwondo realized: A report on the International Academic Conference for Taekwondo (iACT) 2019
Authors: Johnson John Arthur
Published: December 2019

The International Academic Conference for Taekwondo (iACT) 2019 was held from February 17-18 at Stanford University. The two-day conference featured numerous taekwondo social science researchers and scholars from around the world and several international taekwondo organizations. iACT 2019 was the first time an academic conference on taekwondo–or any combat sport–was held at a world-renown, elite-level university. Holding iACT 2019 at Stanford University validated taekwondo’s researchers and their ideas and unquestionably legitimized taekwondo as an academic research field. This report outlines the conference’s events and summarizes the most poignant concepts presented at iACT 2019.
Report on the 5th Annual Martial Arts Studies Conference – “Martial Arts, Culture and Politics”
Authors: Miracle Jared , Skowron-Markowska Stefania
Published: December 2019

This is a report covering the 5th Annual Martial Arts Studies Conference, held in Orange, California (USA) on May 23-24, 2019. There were a total of six parallel sessions comprised of 44 presentations. Although the conference theme was “martial arts, culture, and politics,” the thematic organization extended beyond this premise to all aspects of martial arts as a field of investigation. As a whole, the conference was impressively orchestrated and quite well attended by representatives from around the world and is notable as the first official Martial Arts Studies Research Network event to take place in North America.
Martial arts and combat sports theses and dissertations indexed in BASE database: a bibliometric approach
Authors: Pérez Gutiérrez Mikel , Cobo-Corrales Carlos
Published: December 2019

The doctoral thesis is one of the most valued productions in a researcher’s career. They are also an important source of information despite they are usually considered as grey literature due to their limited distribution. The aim of this work was to perform a bibliometric analysis of martial arts and combat sports (MA&CS) doctoral or postdoctoral dissertations indexed in the Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE) database. A comprehensive MA&CS terms list and search strings were entered manually in the database search engine. Duplicate references were removed and obtained documents were filtered for meeting inclusion criteria. Selected references were then exported to Endnote X6 for classification and to Excel 2016 for bibliometric analyses. A total of 457 theses focused on MA&CS, published from 1951 to 2019, were retrieved. The last analyzed decade collected 64.55% of total documents and judo was the most studied MA&CS, with 90 documents. We conclude that MA&CS theses and dissertations are an important source of information for scholars and academics, especially since the amount of them has considerably increased during the last decade at the international level.
Mood states and self-rated health of Brazilian jiu-jitsu fighters in competition
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Batalha , Andrade Alexandro , Bevilacqua Guilherme Guimarães , Schlösser Adriano , Flores Junior Miguel Alencar , Severino Bianca dos Santos , Rodrigues Maria Eduarda Soares
Published: December 2019

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) athletes are subjected to a large and intensive training load that may cause injuries. These injuries can be detrimental to the physical and mental health of these athletes. In this regard, the aim of this study was to compare the self-reported health and mood states of BJJ athletes. Twenty-three BJJ athletes participated in the study. A questionnaire was used for general characterization of the athletes, which included the self-rated health question, and the Brunel Mood Scale – BRUMS were used. The mood profile was similar to the Iceberg profile. Athletes with regular health had lower vigor than athletes with excellent vigor. Lower vigor in athletes who reported regular health may be related to concern about injury. Specific strength training and careful execution of the technique should be emphasized in training.
Self-rated sleep quality and mood states of Brazilian fighters
Authors: Bevilacqua Guilherme Guimarães , Silva Rodrigo Batalha , Claudino Verônica Maria , Severino Bianca dos Santos , Rodrigues Maria Eduarda Soares , Andrade Alexandro
Published: December 2019

Sleep has a direct relationship with mood. In this context, the aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between sleep quality and mood of combat sport athletes. A total of 188 elite male combat sports athletes participated in the study. Athletes who reported good sleep have greater vigor during competition than athletes with regular sleep and the mood profile was similar to the Iceberg Profile. In conclusion, there are relationships between sleep quality and mood of combat sport athletes, and athletes with good sleep quality present a mood profile nearest to the ideal for the best performance.
Remarks on the philosophy of Idokan Karate
Authors: Cynarski Wojciech J.
Published: December 2019

Every school of karatedo presents some special values and norms. May be, the philosophy of Idokan Karate is partially similar to other schools, and especially represents the Ido philosophy (that is not worldwide known). It is a real, practical philosophy, internalised and used by groups of karateka, as a form of today's warrior pathway. The author tries to answer the following questions: What ethics, values and rules are prominent in Idokan Karate? What is the specific, symbolic content of this style and school? This is a single case study, involving a content analysis of literature and the wider discourse, and the hermeneutic phenomenology. The study uses the analysis of broad discourse, which concerns both scientific studies and popularizing publications. Not without significance is the fact that the author has actively practiced Asian martial arts for over 40 years. The specific, symbolic content of Idokan Karate is taken from philosophic Taoism, Chinese and Japanese tradition of martial arts, and from Christianity. Its interpretation shows that the karate athlete has to go the moral way. It is the pathway toward being a better human. Such teleology comes from special values, rules and aims. In the normative ethics, the Decalogue and the idea of nobility (the Homo creator nobilis) are most important. Tao in Idokan Karate is understood as God's Word, the principle of love and the way of the Heavens.
The effects of a 6-week plyometric training on muscular strength performance in silat exponents
Authors: Al-Syurgawi Dahlia , Shapie Mohamad Nizam Mohamed
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 6-week plyometric training on muscular strength in young silat athletes. Thirty-four male silat exponents (Mage = 14 ± 3.22 years) were randomly assigned to a control or experimental group (n = 17 for each group). The experimental group participated in conventional silat workout routine three times a week for one-hour session plus plyometric training two times a week for one-hour session. The control group performed conventional silat workout routine three times per week for one to two-hours session. The one repetition maximum (1RM) squat test was used three times (pre-, mid- and post-test). Results revealed that muscular strength performance improved for the experimental group. This improvement was 9.16% between pre- and mid-test, 18.81% between mid- and post-test, and 29.7 % between pre- and post-test. Plyometric training was shown to be effective to improve maximum strength of young silat athletes.
The benefits of Functional Movement Screen in judo
Authors: Simenko Jozef
Published: December 2019

With the development of screening methods, simple screening tools could commonly be used to assess movement quality in real-world conditions.  One of those methods is the functional movement screen (FMS), that was developed to helps determine the fundamental movement patterns of an individual. FMS test was administered to 9 elite judokas aged 22 ± 4.24 years, height 176.44 ± 7.44 and weight 79.44 ± 15.92 kg. The overall FMS score was 17.56 ± 1.59. No significant asymmetries were noted in the bilateral test. The lowest score was achieved in shoulder mobility 1.89 ± 0.6 which represent and issue that needs to be addressed to prevent the occurrence of injuries. Overall the FMS testing could be a beneficial tool to strength and conditioning coaches in judo, especially in the preseason to assess the functional movement status of judo athletes and to address any issues that could be identified. It represents a fast and affordable screening tool, but it needs to be administered by a qualified assessor. The data of this study could serve as a reference score to other FMS research in judo or other combat sports or martial arts.
A study of a karate trial teaching class in a teacher training course − based on students’ formative assessment
Authors: Tai Kentaro , Jinno Shutaro , Motoshima Namika , Miyara Toshiyuki , Shima Takeru , Suetsugu Miki , Fumoto Masaki , Imamura Hiroyuki
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a karate trial teaching class in an initial teacher training course, through students’ formative assessment. It involved two case studies of trial teaching classes of karate and that of two other activities, taught by the students of an initial teacher training course. The results were assessed using the Students’ Formative Assessment of Physical Education (P.E.) Classes scale. Results showed significant differences between groups in “New discovery” (p<.05) and a trend toward statistical significance in “Skill growth”, “Fun Exercise” and “Learning friendly” (p<.10) based on the classes provided by karate and other teaching materials. This implies that karate might have different acute effects on students’ learning process in the context of school-level physical education.
Qualitative and quantitative methods in the study of martial arts and combat sports: a panel based on personal experiences
Authors: Green Thomas A. , Skowron- Markowska Stefania , Cynarski Wojciech , Gutiérrez García Carlos , Figueiredo Abel , Simenko Jozef
Published: December 2019

In this panel, five experts present their personal experiences in martial arts and combat sports (MA&CS) research. These experiences represent the two classic approaches to our studies: the quantitative and the qualitative. Above all, the panel aims to foster debate and reflection on the complementarity of these methods when trying to embrace the complexity of MA&CS.
Identidad y nación en el proceso de independencia neogranadina entre 1810 y 1830
Authors: Landinez Guio Diego Alfonso
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo es una reflexión en torno al concepto de nación que operó a comienzos del siglo XIX en la Nueva Granada, en medio de la bisagra temporal que significaron las guerras de independencia contra la Corona española en la constitución del Estado. Para ello, se revisará, a partir de las investigaciones de Antonio Annino y François-Xavier Guerra, el concepto de nación en el mundo hispánico anterior a la independencia. Luego se intentarán reconstruir los rasgos principales de la crisis política del Imperio español en la coyuntura de 1808-1810 y se situarán los idearios independentistas neogranadinos en el marco de los conflictos sociales que supusieron no solo el enfrentamiento de los americanos y los peninsulares, sino el de las élites criollas entre sí por el liderazgo político local y regional.
Clonación del gen uvrB, operon Moa y requerimientos del complejo UvrABC durante la mutagénesis por quinolonas en cepas de Salmonella typhimurium (∆uvrB y ∆moaA-E)
Authors: González Cabeza José
Published: December 2019

Dada la importancia clínica de las quinolonas en el control de enfermedades infecciosas y las posibles implicaciones que puede tener el hecho de que estas moléculas sean agentes mutagénicos en bacterias, el presente estudio se ha centrado enprofundizar en los mecanismos de mutagénesis, utilizando la ciprofloxacina como molécula modelo. En lo que se refiere a los mecanismos de mutagénesis, se ha demostrado que para la mutagénesis inducida por ciprofloxacina, se requiere que las bacterias posean un sistema de reparación de escisión de nucleótidos (NER) funcional, descartándose que el operón moa, el cual codifica genes de biosíntesis de cofactores de molibdeno, tenga algún papel en dicha mutagénesis. Estos resultados corroboran estudios anteriores, que sugerían la participación del sistema NER en dicha mutagénesis, e indican que probablemente otros genes deleccionados en las cepas de ensayo de S. enterica Typhimurium TA104 y TA2659 distintos del uvrB, no deben tener un papel importante en la mutagénesis mediada por las quinolonas. El conjunto de estos resultados indica que las quinolonas deben de producir diferentes tipos de lesiones en el DNA de las células bacterianas. Así, la interacción de la molécula de quinolona con el complejo DNA – DNA girasa debe generar un tipo de distorsión análoga a un enlace intercatenario, dando lugar a una lesión premutagénica. Dicha lesión puede ser procesada por el sistema NER y convertirse en una lesión mutagénica sobre la cual actuaría una DNA polimerasa tendiente al error, análoga a MucAB y que introduciría una mutación. Este mecanismo de mutagénesis debe ser común a este tipo de moléculas. En atención a estos resultados se discute las posibles implicaciones de la exposición de las poblaciones de patógenos a bajas dosis de quinolonas y se propone este tipo de estudio como clave para el desarrollo de nuevas moléculas de esta familia deantimicrobianos, los cuales deberían presentar una mejor actividad antibacteriana junto a una baja capacidad de introducir mutaciones.
Conocimientos y uso del condón y prevención de ITS en usuarios de las estaciones “YES” de Inppares de Lima metropolitana.
Authors: Aspilcueta Gho Daniel , Calderón Saldaña Jully Pahola , Alzamora de los Godos Urcia Luis
Published: December 2019

Se realizó un estudio de tipo comparativo, explicativo y retrospectivo, el cual fue realizado en una muestra representativa de usuarios de las estaciones YES entre Octubre y Noviembre del 2002. Este tipo se plantea, porque se busca determinar si la estación YES (en el pasado) influyó en el cambio de comportamiento y de sus conocimientos en uso del condón y prevención de ITS, para ello se trabajo con una muestra representativa de 724 jóvenes. Se encontraron como resultados que el proyecto YES es un proyecto exitoso, ya que comparándolo con la línea de base, tanto los usuarios nuevos como continuadores tienen un mejor conocimiento en relación al empleo del preservativo y las ITS. En el aspecto al nivel de conocimientos podemos afirmar tanto el aprendizaje de los usuarios nuevos y continuadores de las estaciones en materias de infecciones de transmisión sexual y uso de condón, no mostraron diferencias significativas, por lo que se deduce eficacia en la primera visita. En cuanto al uso de servicios por síntomas de infecciones de transmisión sexual podemos encontrar que se incrementó el uso de la estación YES como alternativa para la consulta de una ITS. El uso de preservativos se incrementa de forma significativa en los usuarios continuadores, si es que este se compara con los usuarios nuevos, y con la línea de base, lo que muestra un resultado de impacto.
Importancia del Sistema de Complemento
Authors: Lezama Asencio Pedro
Published: December 2019

El sistema de complemento es un grupo de proteínas plasmáticas y de la membrana celular que desempeñan un rol clave en el proceso de defensa del huésped. Actualmente se conocen más de 25 proteínas que actúan al menos bajo cuatro formas  diferentes; el primero y mejor conocido es desencadenar lisis celular, bacteriano y cubierta de virus, el segundo mediar la opsonización, el tercero es la generación de fragmentos peptídicos que regulan procesos inmunológicos e inflamatorios, y el cuarto regular la actividad biológica de las células. En esta revisión bibliográfica destacamos no se pretende describir en su totalidad al sistema de complemento, sino tan solo enfatizar la importancia de este sistema en los procesos inmunológicos.
La ética y la investigación biomédica
Authors: Llaque Dávila Walter
Published: December 2019

LA INVESTIGACIÓN CIENTÍFICA se constituye en las universidades en la columna vertebral, mediante la cual se crea ciencia y tecnología, garantizándose así el desarrollo permanente de la institución.  Las ciencias biomédicas no forman parte de las llamadas ciencias exactas, tales como la física o matemática, sin embargo, el rigor científico demanda y exige de un respeto pleno a los valores éticos, en ellos existen principios válidos, que se diferencien según el campo en la cual se oriente lainvestigación.
Carcinoma verrucoso del pene: presentación de un caso
Authors: Ruiz Murga Javier , Benites Jara Fernando , Zavaleta Moreno Antonio , Tresierra Alegre Carlos
Published: December 2019

El carcinoma de pene es un tumor que representa aproximadamente el 1% de los tumores del varón. La variedad verrucoso es poco frecuente, agresivo localmente aunque de manera lenta, no metastizante, y exige un diagnostico estricto anatomopatológico. Se presenta a un paciente de 72 años de edad con lesión en pene de 4 años de evolución. A la biopsia carcinoma verrucoso. Se le realizó penectomía parcial con bordes libres de carcinoma en la pieza operatoria. El acudir el paciente tempranamente a la consulta, la sospecha clínica, la biopsia y el tratamiento oportuno pueden salvar la vida al paciente.
Study of changes noted in the platelet count in cord blood of neonates born to hypertensive mothers in a tertiary care hospital, Bangalore, India
Authors: Gagandeep Vijayalaxmi , S. Mohinish , K. Mallesh
Published: December 2019

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy pose several problems to both mother and newborn. Complications in new-born like intrauterine death (IUD), intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), perinatal asphyxia, neonatal sepsis and bleeding disorders are associated with toxemia of pregnancy. To decrease the perinatal morbidity and mortality, babies of hypertensive mothers should be carefully monitored and managed. Aim of this study was to establish the changes in total platelet count in umbilical cord blood.Methods: This is a hospital based prospective observational study which included the babies born to mothers having hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, total cases accounting about 158. Detailed clinical history taken including details of labour and clinical examination done.  In all the subjects, 2 ml of umbilical cord blood anticoagulated with EDTA was collected and haematological tests for total platelet count (TPC) count was done.Results: This study shows that the incidence of neonatal thrombocytopenia is 43.67%. The incidence of sepsis among thrombocytopenia group accounts for about 60% in gestational hypertension, 64.2% in pre-eclampsia and 50% in eclampsia group.Conclusions: With respectively, these findings it can be concluded that the incidence of Neonatal Thrombocytopenia is significantly higher in babies born to HDP mothers and it can be taken as a marker to evaluate Sepsis in such a situation in resource limited setting. As less number of studies is available in this area of interest, this study supports the cause.
Neonatal ovarian cyst complicating as subacute intestinal obstruction: a case report
Authors: Chakraborty Goutam , Chakraborty Anwesa , Sugandhi Nidhi , Jadhav Amit , Acharya S. K. , Bagga Deepak
Published: December 2019

Congenital Ovarian cysts are among the commonest intra-abdominal masses encountered in foetuses on antenatal screening, mostly during the third trimester of pregnancy. Though the etiology remains unknown, the most prevalent hypothesis holds maternal hormonal stimulation responsible for the pathology. Most are asymptomatic but potential complications can be life-threatening. A case of a 7 day old female baby was reported with normal antenatal scans and complaints of abdominal distension and vomiting since day 1 of life. Imaging included a Ultrasonographic diagnosis of suspected ovarian lesion and an MRI diagnosis of omental cyst. Due to progressive abdominal distension, authors proceeded with laparotomy. Left salpingo-oophorectomy was done as no ovarian tissue was salvageable. Post-operative period was uneventful. The histopathological picture was that of benign follicular cyst of ovary.
Umbral de cuota de mercado: ¿Es compatible con el derecho a la seguridad jurídica?
Authors: Duque Saguay Jorge Vinicio , Vásquez Andrade Mauricio Esteban , Vásquez Andrade Mauricio Esteban
Published: December 2019

La letra b) del artículo 16 de la Ley Orgánica de Regulación y Control del Poder de Mercado establece la obligatoriedad de notificar operaciones de concentración económica con base en el cálculo de cuotas de mercado, vulnerando el derecho a la seguridad jurídica consagrado en el artículo 82 de la Constitución de la República del Ecuador, debido a la falta de claridad que supone la determinación del mercado relevante y las cuotas de mercado, hecho que determina la necesidad de eliminarlo a la luz de las buenas prácticas internacionales.
La defensa del consumidor en el Ecuador. De espaldas a los principios internacionales de protección
Authors: Campaña Terán Paola Viviana
Published: December 2019

La Ley Orgánica de Defensa del Consumidor, publicada en el año 2000, ha sido la norma que, desde esa fecha hasta la actualidad, ha establecido el marco de protección de los consumidores en el Ecuador. Con la elevación de estos derechos a categoría constitucional, se vislumbraba un norte para su defensa. Sin embargo, la norma, que consagra los derechos y sanciona las infracciones, no responde a los principios y directrices internacionales de la materia. Pese a su reconocimiento constitucional, el tratamiento judicial es cada día más conflictivo. Con la última reforma, introducida por la promulgación de la Ley Orgánica de la Defensoría del Pueblo, publicada el 6 de mayo del 2019, se elimina el trámite especial que contemplaba la norma, provocando nuevos retos procesales que deberán ser resueltos por los jueces competentes y que alejan más al país de los estándares internacionales.
De la Contraloría hacia un Tribunal de Cuentas
Authors: Núñez Carlos Marcelo
Published: December 2019

En el presente artículo se hará un análisis comparativo entre el actual régimen de funcionamiento, estructura y atribuciones de la Contraloría General del Estado con el Proyecto de Ley Orgánica del Tribunal de Cuentas del Estado presentado por el Contralor Subrogante Pablo Celi. En este proyecto se plantea la posibilidad reestructurar la actual Contraloría General del Estado como un Tribunal de Cuentas conformado como organismo colegiado por siete Ministros Auditores que ejercerán las funciones y competencias del actual Contralor General del Estado. El cambio apunta a la toma de decisiones mediante un mecanismo deliberativo propio de la democracia moderna que, a través del debate reflexivo sustentado en principios normativos y criterios técnicos, sustituya las posibles arbitrariedades que pueden existir cuando la decisión es tomada a criterio de una única persona.
Mercado de plataformas: la competencia desleal en la era de la economía colaborativa
Authors: Bajaña Tovar Fernando , González Morán Paúl Antonio , González Morán Paúl Antonio
Published: December 2019

Las modernas dinámicas de mercado han optado por incorporar dentro de la noción de Economía Colaborativa aquellas prácticas con fines de lucro que son ejercidas de forma sofisticada, a través de las denominadas tecnologías de la información y comunicación. Esta situación, discurre con la intención inicial con que surgió el consumo colaborativo, génesis de la economía cooperativista. La situación descrita surge a modo de enmascarar las relaciones comerciales que subyacen detrás de las plataformas digitales, con el ánimo de liberar el cumplimiento de las cargas legislativas que se imponen en el curso normal de actividades mercantiles. Esta liberación injustificada de cargas normativas tiene como antecedente una búsqueda histórica del sistema capitalista por eludir los gravámenes engorrosos, todo lo cual traduce en los operadores económicos, un abaratamiento desleal de costos regulativos dentro de sus procesos mercantiles. Lo expuesto, con el ánimo de hallar un desplazamiento ilícito de la demanda en su favor y conseguir altos índices de maximización de utilidades. En ese contexto, el presente ensayo procurará pasar revista a las modalidades utilizadas a lo largo del tiempo para eludir costes, hasta llegar al enmascaramiento en las formas propias de la economía colaborativa, con una especial revisión de estas nuevas prácticas mercantiles y su eventual encuadre en conductas de competencia desleal, a la luz de la normativa ecuatoriana queregula las actividades de mercado, particularmente, respecto a la cláusula específica de no violación de normas.
Enriquecimiento injustificado por actos de competencia desleal: Continuidad y divergencia en el derecho privado
Authors: Brown Alberto , Letelier Pablo , Letelier Pablo
Published: December 2019

Este trabajo explora la relación entre el derecho privado y las acciones de competencia desleal, a través del análisis de las principales características de la acción de enriquecimiento injustificado por actos de competencia desleal en el derecho español. Dicho análisis sugiere que las acciones especiales reconocidas por el derecho de competencia desleal protegen intereses económicos que a veces justifican un distanciamiento de las normas prevalentes del derecho privado. Esta conclusión puede tener consecuencias importantes al evaluar los requisitos de las acciones de competencia desleal, especialmente en sistemas jurídicos en que dichas acciones son entendidas primeramente como la vía de tutelar los intereses particulares de los agentes de mercado.
A revolução da linguagem
Authors: Matias do Nascimento Ivana
Published: December 2019

CRYSTAL, David. A revolução da linguagem. Rio de Janeiro: Jorge Zahar Editor, trad. Ricardo Quintana, 2005.