bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Respiratory Problems and Different Manifestations of Bruxism in Children: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gonçalves Juliana de Lima , Marubayashi Lucas Masaru , Torres Carolina Paes , Galo Rodrigo , Díaz-Serrano Kranya Victoria
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT Objective: To comparatively analyze associations between respiratory problems and adenoidectomy with the different manifestations of bruxism in children. Material and Methods: Were analyzed retrospectively on secondary data from the database of a service specializing in bruxism and temporomandibular disorder (TMD) of 279 children, aged 6 to 12 years, from October to November 2022. Two trained and calibrated examiners performed data extraction, checked and organized it. Descriptive and comparative analysis was carried out using the chi-square test, and Pearson’s association test was used for the relationship between variables, both with a significance level of 5%. Results: The sample included secondary data from 2S9 dental records of children with a mean age of 8.6 years (±7.7), 44% male and 51% female. Probable bruxism was diagnosed in 55% of these children. A negative association between adenoidectomy and teeth clenching while awake (p=0.002), clenching during sleep (p=0.004), and grinding during sleep (p=0.040) was observed. Conclusion: The respiratory problems analyzed were not associated with the occurrence of bruxism in its different types of manifestation. However, all manifestations of awake and sleep bruxism were less frequent in association with adenoidectomy.
Cross-Sectional Microhardness and Chemical Composition of Primary Teeth with Green Discoloration due to Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Macedo Adriana Furtado , Diniz Michèle Baffi , Azevedo Ramiro Anthero de , Fujita Reginaldo Raimundo
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the chemical components and cross-sectional microhardness of primary teeth with hyperbilirubinemia-induced green pigmentation. Material and Methods: The sample consisted of two anterior and two posterior green primary teeth discolored by bilirubin and regular primary teeth, paired according to child age and tooth type. Scanning energy dispersive spectroscopy was used to investigate the mass percentage of calcium, phosphorus, and carbon, and a microhardness tester was used to assess the cross-sectional microhardness of enamel and dentin. The collected data were analyzed using the Student’s t-test and Mann-Whitney (p<0.0S). Results: There was a significant decrease in calcium in the dentin of the green discoloration group compared with the control group. Although the differences in cross-sectional microhardness were not significant, all data showed lower microhardness in both enamel and dentin in the green discoloration group. Conclusion: The calcium content in the dentin of green-discolored primary teeth is lower than in regular primary teeth, but the microhardness of enamel and dentin is not affected.
Evaluation of the Confidence Levels in Treatment Planning Decisions among Dental Students
Authors: Peixoto Ana Carolina Nunes , Freitas Thiago Schwab de , Corrêa Jôice Dias
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate confidence levels in treatment planning decisions among dental students. Material and Methods: A questionnaire about difficulties in diagnostic and performing procedures was distributed to dental students in their third to final year at a private university in Brazil. Respondents rated their confidence on a scale from “none to mild” to “moderate to maximum. The Chi-square test was used to assess whether there was a difference in the students’ responses according to the stage they were in in the course. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: 137 students participated, and 40% did not consider social data essential in treatment planning. The highest difficulty levels were reported in the diagnosis of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) (83%) and oral lesions (79%). The main difficulties in the treatment were reported as therapy for TMD (84%), rehabilitation therapy (70%) and patients with medical conditions (65%). 91% do not feel confident in handling emergencies. When comparing senior students to those in mid-course, significant differences were noted in diagnosing carious lesions (24% vs. 58%) and TMD cases (95% vs. 75%). Conclusion: This study highlighted that a significant portion of dental students do not consider social determinants of health as relevant to treatment planning, as well as issues related to student confidence in TMD treatment and managing patients with medical conditions. Dental schools should monitor the confidence levels of their students, creating an opportunity to address these deficits.
Estudiantes universitarios rurales y urbanos y su vulnerabilidad frente a lo tecnológico: revisión sistemática
Authors: Álvarez Carmen Álvarez , Bravo Isabel del Arco , Flores-Alarcia Òscar , Ramos-Pla Anabel
Published: January 2025

Resumen La pandemia por Covid-19 obligó a las universidades a desarrollar el aprendizaje en línea y a prescindir de la educación presencial, evidenciándose la desigualdad de oportunidades y menores oportunidades de algunos sectores poblacionales en la educación. Los estudiantes pertenecientes a zonas rurales fueron los que tuvieron mayores dificultades por la posible falta de acceso a medios tecnológicos y la calidad en las conexiones. En este artículo se realiza una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre ruralidad y uso de la tecnología en el ámbito universitario durante el Covid-19 analizando 105 artículos extraídos de la Web of Science y Scopus, y filtrados siguiendo el método PRISMA, resultando 17 válidos. Los resultados muestran las políticas universitarias desarrolladas, las tecnologías empleadas, las dificultades y buenas prácticas desarrolladas. Es posible concluir que los desafíos de los estudiantes rurales fueron mayores que los de los estudiantes urbanos y, conscientes de ello, las políticas universitarias a nivel mundial optaron por asegurar recursos financieros que sirvieran de apoyo a estos sectores estudiantiles más vulnerables para que pudieran seguir la docencia virtual. Aún queda camino por recorrer y es preciso ajustar la educación superior a las especificidades del territorio rural y de la enseñanza en línea para lograr una mayor igualdad de oportunidades.
Efeitos da cura química in loco sobre a evolução da resistência à compressão de concreto estrutural
Authors: Hoppe Filho Juarez
Published: January 2025

Resumo A evolução da resistência à compressão do concreto é dependente da disponibilidade de água e da temperatura no seu entorno. A restrição à água reduz a taxa de hidratação do cimento Portland e, consequentemente, a resistência à compressão. O aumento da temperatura potencializa a hidratação e a resistência à compressão nas primeiras idades. Nas idades mais avançadas, comportamento inverso pode ser observado. No presente estudo, o concreto estrutural usinado de classe C30, utilizado na execução de um empreendimento predominantemente residencial, foi submetido a diferentes condições de cura para análise dos efeitos sobre a resistência à compressão nas idades de 3, 7 e 28 dias. O procedimento de cura de referência seguiu as diretrizes normativas (NBR 5738). No laboratório, o concreto foi curado ao ar e na condição selada, utilizando filme de PVC. Na obra (in loco), o concreto foi submetido à cura química, com a aplicação de emulsão de hidrocarbonetos parafínicos. Os procedimentos de cura alternativos reduziram a resistência à compressão do concreto em todas as idades analisadas, com variação entre 7 e 30%. A cura química foi a que resultou na maior redução de resistência à compressão do concreto, apesar da evolução de perda de massa por secagem se assemelhar àquela da cura ao ar.
Análise de íons cloreto na argamassa de restauração da Catedral de São Pedro
Authors: Nunes Jorge Luiz Oleinik , Gonçalves Margarete Regina Freitas , Tessaro Alessandra Buss
Published: January 2025

Resumo As manifestações patológicas encontradas nas estruturas de alvenaria em regiões de atmosfera marinha têm a umidade e os sais solúveis como os principais agentes de deterioração dos materiais de construção. Dentre as diversas técnicas e materiais utilizados para a recuperação dessas estruturas, tem-se a execução de revestimentos com argamassas de saneamento. No Brasil ainda são insuficientes os estudos sobre novos materiais e técnicas construtivas referentes à recuperação de alvenarias com patologias de salinização. Para a execução da pesquisa, identificou-se as fachadas leste e oeste como sendo as de atuação e nestes sete pontos críticos de umidade no revestimento. Foram retiradas amostras para análise de percentual de retenção de íons cloreto através de potenciômetro com eletrodo de prata. Nas amostras verificou-se a condição de integridade dos componentes originais da argamassa de saneamento a partir da observação das estruturas cristalinas, por difração de raios-X (DRX) e da presença dos elementos constituintes, por fluorescência de raios-X. Os resultados mostraram que a formulação proposta para a nova argamassa de saneamento cumpriu com a sua função de proteção retendo os íons cloreto nos seus poros e, também, que seus constituintes originais não se degradaram até o momento.
Configuração espacial e qualidade física de parques urbanos lineares: o caso do Parque Parahyba I, João Pessoa - PB
Authors: Lima Larissa Ellen Oliveira de , Silveira José Augusto Ribeiro da , Negrão Ana Gomes , Lima Eduardo Rodrigues Viana de , Costa Angelina Dias Leão , Ribeiro Edson Leite
Published: January 2025

Resumo Há estudos que discutem o papel das áreas verdes urbanas, suas associações com o bem-estar e efeitos na saúde da população, outros têm maior ênfase nos aspectos ecológicos. Porém, ainda há poucas pesquisas com aprofundamento na qualidade física e espacial dos parques urbanos, sobretudo da tipologia linear. Assim, este trabalho aprimorou uma ferramenta de análise para avaliar especificamente as qualidades físicas e a configuração espacial do parque linear urbano. O método de avaliação foi construído a partir da ferramenta CPAT (Community Park Audit Tool) adaptada, de propriedades configuracionais do parque linear e medidas da Teoria da sintaxe espacial. Foram consideradas quatro dimensões de análise para investigar a qualidade física do Parque Parahyba I, em João Pessoa-PB. Os resultados sugerem que as dimensões de acesso e vizinhança (1), áreas de atividades (2) e recursos e segurança (3) têm maior necessidade de intervenções, pois obtiveram os valores mais baixos, e a dimensão de configuração espacial (4), que obteve a média mais alta, não tem necessidade de intervenção imediata. As conclusões contribuem para fomentar debates sobre o planejamento do parque linear urbano.
Probability of workplace accidents on construction sites of vertical buildings in the municipality of Fortaleza, Brazil
Authors: Cavalcante Samuel Onofre , Moreira Frederico Guilherme Pamplona , Silva Lucas Eduardo da Conceição
Published: January 2025

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the factors that contribute to accidents at work on construction sites in the city of Fortaleza - CE. A total of 432 questionnaires were administered to workers at 10 different construction sites belonging to 6 different companies. Statistical models - Binary Logistic Regression (BLR) - were used to assess the likelihood of workplace accidents, correlating them with demographic, occupational and management variables. The main results showed that younger workers are more prone to accidents at work than older workers. The “Masonry, Subfloor and Structure” construction stage is more likely to have accidents than the “Installations, Facades and Finishes” construction stage. This research has contributed to a more detailed management view of local challenges, as well as to the field of knowledge dedicated to developing worker safety in high-risk environments.
Environmental comfort concepts awareness: didactic-pedagogical experience in an Itinerant School
Authors: Coutinho Laís de Gusmão , Lima Eduardo Gasparelo , Uzum Monica dos Santos Dolce , Cavalcanti Cristina Kanya Caselli
Published: January 2025

Abstract The Escola da Cidade is an institution that seeks to integrate innovative didactic-pedagogical practices into the Architecture and Urbanism curriculum. Among these initiatives is the Itinerant School, wherein students have the opportunity to embark on a journey each semester to a city or region in Latin America. In this context, this paper aims to share the didactic-pedagogical experience conducted with first-year students during the Itinerant School in the Vale do Paraíba region. An activity was developed to sensitize these students to the concepts of environmental comfort, employing a booklet for answering questions and sketching. An intuitive exercise was created, incorporating icons, and organized into themes guiding the fundamental points of sensory analysis for the understanding of all aspects of the environmental quality of the visited spaces. The results obtained demonstrated a positive impact on sensitizing and expanding the technical repertoire of these students. Consequently, the booklet can be replicated in external activities, such as trips and technical visits, for other Architecture and Urbanism courses.
Potencialidade das matérias-primas argilosas extraídas do município de Russas, CE: análises químicas, térmicas e tecnológicas
Authors: Regis Rafaella Cavalcante , Lima Kéren Pereira , Oliveira Elisson Bezerra de , Regis Rogério Cavalcante , Lobo Cândido Jorge de Sousa , Cabral Antônio Eduardo Bezerra , Nogueira Ricardo Emílio Ferreira Quevedo
Published: January 2025

Resumo A indústria de cerâmica vermelha movimenta a economia do Baixo Jaguaribe cearense, em especial o Arranjo Produtivo Local da Cerâmica Vermelha de Russas. Matérias-primas abundantes, baixos custos e ampla capacidade produtiva caracterizam esta indústria. Este estudo examina os materiais argilosos utilizados nas cerâmicas locais, avaliando suas propriedades e condições de processamento, a fim de confirmar sua potencialidade na indústria cerâmica. As características químicas, térmicas e tecnológicas foram investigadas usando diversas técnicas, incluindo espectroscopia de energia dispersiva (EDS), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e análise termogravimétrica/ térmica diferencial (TG/DTA). Os dados obtidos apontam altos níveis de sílica, alumina e óxido de ferro, que conferem a tonalidade vermelha, juntamente com óxidos fundentes, que tendem a reduzir a refratariedade. Os resultados corroboram a adequação desses materiais para produtos cerâmicos, particularmente aos submetidos ao processo de extrusão, com aplicações industriais voltadas para telhas e tijolos.
Isócronas de tempo são um primeiro passo mais efetivo no planejamento de áreas adensáveis com foco na mobilidade a pé
Authors: Okamoto Carollina Hitomi de Oliveira , Marins Karin Regina de Castro
Published: January 2025

Resumo O alcance de pedestres é um dos principais elementos a se considerar na definição da abrangência das áreas de adensamento urbano a partir de uma centralidade. O objetivo do artigo é analisar a definição da abrangência de áreas de adensamento urbano no contexto do Desenvolvimento Orientado ao Transporte (DOT), mediante aplicação de um raio simples a partir de estações de transporte de massa, frente à definição via isócronas de tempo de caminhada. É analisado o município de São Paulo, cujo Plano Diretor Estratégico (PDE) de 2014 adotou o raio de 600m como parâmetro para áreas adensáveis, ampliando-o para 700m na revisão de 2023. Os resultados indicam que, na macroescala, a área para adensamento urbano definida pelo raio simples do PDE-2023 é bastante similar à área delimitada pela linha isócrona de 10 minutos de caminhada, em termos quantitativos totais. No entanto, em microescala, há diversos locais com expansão ou redução de áreas para adensamento em relação a essa isócrona. Conclui-se que o raio simples não representa adequadamente o alcance de pedestres, omitindo elementos urbanos que impactam no acesso às estações. Já as linhas isócronas de tempo são um instrumento mais efetivo, pois incorporam certos efeitos morfológicos urbanos e permitem maior detalhamento do território alcançado em certo padrão de caminhada.
Procedimento para análise integrada do adensamento construtivo e populacional e da oferta de calçadas no entorno de estações de transporte de massa
Authors: Montmorency Silva Thiago Canhos , Moraes Gabriel Maggio de , Marins Karin Regina de Castro
Published: January 2025

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é comparar a evolução do adensamento construtivo e populacional e a oferta de calçadas em uma área de incentivo ao adensamento urbano em São Paulo, entre 2010 e 2020. O estudo preenche uma lacuna na literatura sobre a coordenação entre crescimento vertical, populacional e adequação da infraestrutura para pedestres em áreas de adensamento intenso. Foram utilizadas métricas urbanas multidimensionais, baseadas em morfologia, uso do solo e infraestrutura de calçadas, com dados do Imposto Predial e Territorial Urbano - IPTU e Censos para examinar as mudanças urbanas. Sendo o método proposto passível de aplicação em contextos urbanos similares, ele foi adaptado com dados georreferenciados e visitas de campo. Os resultados indicam que, apesar do aumento na construção vertical, o crescimento populacional foi desproporcional e a infraestrutura de calçadas não acompanhou esse aumento, evidenciando deficiências nas condições de caminhabilidade. O estudo destaca a necessidade de políticas que alinhem adensamento com melhorias na infraestrutura pedestre, promovendo ambientes urbanos mais inclusivos.
Aspectos do licenciamento urbanístico considerando o risco de movimentos de massa em Nova Friburgo, RJ
Authors: Monteiro Flavia Lucia , Di Gregório Leandro Torres , Mendonça Marcos Barreto de
Published: January 2025

Resumo A expansão urbana das últimas décadas, com ocupação inadequada em encostas, aumentou significativamente o risco da ocorrência de desastres nos municípios brasileiros. A dificuldade do ordenamento dessas áreas se reflete nos procedimentos de licenciamento urbanístico e ambiental, e o mapeamento de risco e a legislação, devem refletir uma ocupação responsável do território. Diante das incertezas científicas que envolvem o tema, o trabalho busca relacionar leis, normas, planos, mapas e manuais técnicos no Município de Nova Friburgo (RJ), tendo como referência, as obrigações da Lei 12.608/2012 e o princípio da prevenção em matéria de desastres. O objetivo do estudo é, portanto, promover uma observação dos instrumentos de análise concernentes à aprovação de empreendimentos urbanísticos em áreas suscetíveis à ocorrência de movimentos de massa em município da região serrana do Rio de Janeiro, apoiando-se no arcabouço técnico e na legislação vigente. Como resultado, a identificação das necessidades básicas de atendimento à norma, do aprimoramento da cartografia geotécnica e de procedimentos administrativos. A contribuição do trabalho se dá na organização de dados técnicos e jurídicos, para subsidiar o desenvolvimento de novos parâmetros de análise e recomendações concernentes à tomada de decisão sobre a ocupação do território.
Evaluating Elements Influencing Student Engagement: An Analysis Utilizing Multiple Regression
Authors:   Department of Applied Mathematics and Computational Science, Thiagarajar College of Engineering Madurai, India, Meena R Saraswathi , Narmadha R ,   Department of Applied Mathematics and Computational Science, Thiagarajar College of Engineering Madurai, India, Tejaswini P K ,   Department of Applied Mathematics and Computational Science, Thiagarajar College of Engineering Madurai, India, Kumar M Saravana ,   Department of Applied Mathematics and Computational Science, Thiagarajar College of Engineering Madurai, India
Published: January 2025

Abstract:"Exploring Student Engagement: A Comprehensive Multiple Regression Analysis" delves into the intricate interplay of factors influencing student engagement, focusing on variables such as class size, study hours, teaching style, class hours, and technology use. Conducted in a diverse educational setting with undergraduate students from urban and suburban areas, including a significant proportion of first-generation college students, this study employed extensive data collection and analysis. The results revealed significant correlations between these factors and engagement levels, offering actionable insights for educators. The findings underscore the critical influencers of engagement, facilitating targeted improvements in teaching practices and classroom environments. This approach equips educators with knowledge about effective interventions, enabling them to assess their impact and tailor strategies to individual student needs. By doing so, the study aims to enhance overall learning outcomes, offering a valuable framework for fostering student engagement through informed, evidence-based educational practices, thus significantly contributing to the academic success of diverse student populations.

Keywords : education, learning outcomes, student engagement.
Development of a Framework for Assessing the Degree of Course and Program Outcome Attainment utilizing Outcome-Based Education Framework
Authors:   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Aryan Institute of Engineering and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 752050, India., Biswal Dillip Kumar , Moharana Bikash Ranjan ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Papua New Guinea University of Technology, Lae, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea., Muduli Kamalakanta ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Papua New Guinea University of Technology, Lae, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea.
Published: January 2025

Abstract: Outcome-based education (OBE) has been widely adopted in technical universities due to its advantages such as providing students with clear expectations, offering flexibility in lesson plan layout, facilitating comparison for improvement, and promoting student engagement in the classroom. Assessing the degree and quality of program learning abilities obtained by students using various assessment methods is a crucial component of OBE. This study presents an assessment approach for evaluating the achievement of course outcomes (CO) and program outcomes (PO) among engineering graduates, in accordance with the guidelines outlined by the National Board of Accreditation (NBA). This research is based on analysis of the data derived from students' internal and final examination scores. The achievements are condensed and data is generated, followed by a comparative analysis that can be utilized for the ongoing enhancement of student quality. Exploring indirect instruments such asgraduate exit surveys, course end surveys, alumni surveys, and employer surveys has the potential to improve the assessment procedures for COs, POs, and Program Specific Outcomes (PSOs).

Keywords :Attainment; CO; CO-PO Mapping; Engineering; NBA; NAAC; OBE; PO; PSO.
Distance Online Exams in Rural India Amid COVID-19: The Engineering Student's Perspectives
Authors:   Governemnt Engineering College Valsad, Gujarat, India, Tandel Yogendra , Tandel Roshni ,   S. S. Agrawal Institute of Engineering and Technology Navsari, Gujarat, India, Patel Jignesh ,   S. V. National Institute of Technology Surat, Gujarat, India
Published: January 2025

Abstract : The 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic has shown no concern for artificial borders, and it only took three months to a standstill in the world. During the lockdown period of the COVID-19 around the globe, the entire educational system level has suddenly collapsed. The students' attitudes of distance online exams during the COVID-19 pandemic among engineering students in rural areas of India were analysed in this study. A survey of 11 questions was prepared and distributed among 858 engineering students of the Gujarat Technological University (GTU), India. The questions include students' demographics, exams preferences, academic dishonesty, stress experience, factors affecting students' preference for distance online exams, factors related to students' exam dishonesty and measures that can be considered to reduce this behaviour and factors contributing to stress as well as behavioural changes related to distance online exams. The descriptive, cross tabulation, and Chi-square tests were used to interpret the data. The results of survey highlighted that approximately 41% students preferred distance online exams. This was significantly associated with student gender, academic degree, effort and time for distance online exams preparation and academic achievements. The main measures considered by students to reduce exam dishonesty included proctoring solutions during online exam. Only 26% students agree with merit-based promotion. About 15% students reported more stress with distance online exams. The internet connectivity and online exam platform appeared as the main factor related to stress in 64%, and 83%, respectively. Online exams had not negative impact on students' health.

Keywords :COVID-19; distance online exam; engineering students; India; perspectives; rural.
Editorial: Religion and its Role in Addressing Three Critical Social Issues in Africa: Gender-Based Violence, Crime, and Poverty
Authors: Frahm-Arp Maria
Published: January 2025

This December edition of the Journal for the Study of Religion problematizes the role and influence of religion on societies in Africa as they navigate three of the most challenging social issues in Africa, namely gender-based violence (GBV), crime, and poverty. The articles in this edition look at Muslim communities, Christian communities, southern African language communities, and prison communities exploring what role religions play in helping ordinary people to deal with the challenges of GBV, crime, and poverty. The findings of these articles suggest that religious interventions have little effect on practically reducing crime or the lowering of GBV. The articles by both Banda and Isiko and Kisekka indicate the different ways in which scholars think about the role that many people in Africa believe religion can or does have on addressing poverty.
JUSTIFYING THE INTEGRATION OF CLINICAL LEGAL EDUCATION WITH PROCEDURAL-LAW MODULES TO DEVELOP PRACTICAL SKILLS IN LAW STUDENTS
Authors: Marc Welgemoed  , Henry Lerm
Published: January 2025

This article focuses on the integration of Clinical Legal Education (CLE) with the conventional teaching methodologies traditionally employed for teaching procedural law modules, i.e., civil procedure, criminal procedure and the law of evidence at university level. The aim of this integration is to teach law students professional practical skills as a means to promote effective and efficient interpersonal relations with clients, including attorney-client consultations. This article addresses the concerns of many legal practitioners that law graduates need to improve their practical skills before entering legal practice. The legal education system at university level is often blamed for this inadequacy. It has been argued that universities have the responsibility to develop those students lacking practical skills to prepare them for practice. In this article, it is argued that an integrated teaching and learning approach, as far as CLE and procedural-law modules are concerned, should involve more than just the mere transmission of the theory of procedural law and the principles of substantive law to students. It should go further and involve students practising such theory to achieve the desired effect or goal of excellence in legal practice. The Legal Practice Act is supportive of this argument. In addition, the concept of transformative constitutionalism is invoked to strengthen the argument that there is a constitutional imperative on law teachers to conduct teaching and learning in a transformative manner. By teaching students only or mainly by way of lectures based on theoretical presentations, law schools are not doing students justice in preparing them for legal practice. It is consequently argued that blending CLE with the teaching and learning of procedural-law modules would combine the teaching of theory with practice, which is foundational in preparing law students for their entry into the profession. This means that students would be taught so as to make them more skilled and ready to enter the working world after graduation. Besides possessing a sound theoretical basis required for practice, law graduates entering the profession would also then have some experience in legal practice; both legs of such an education serve the way in which the law should be applied practically.
DOUBLE INCHOATE CRIMES: SERVING A USEFUL PURPOSE OR DOUBLE TROUBLE? Déry v The Queen; Attorney General of Canada et al, Interveners [2007] 213 CCC (3d) 289 (SCC)
Authors: Shannon Hoctor
Published: January 2025

Inchoate crimes have been categorized by Husak as either “complex” inchoate crimes, such as attempt, conspiracy or incitement (the equivalent of which is known as “solicitation” in US law, and “counselling” in Canadian law) and “simple” inchoate crimes such ashousebreaking with intent, drunk driving and crimes of possession, where the crime serves as a means to punish an actor before a certain harm has been completed. A combination of inchoate crimes may be referred to as “double inchoate crimes”. Concerns have been expressed about the use of double inchoate crimes to found criminal liability. Whilst a combination of the categories typically does not give rise to difficulties in South African law, and is generally uncontroversial, the question arises whether a combination of complex inchoate crimes is appropriate, particularly in the light of criticism of such formulations in certain jurisdictions (such as Canada and the United States), and statutory restrictions on certain formulations in others (such as England).This question will be examined in the light of the recent decision of the Canadian Supreme Court decision of R v Déry.
Arktinen taide avauksena kulttuuriseen kestävyysmurrokseen
Authors: Huhmarniemi Maria , Jokela Timo
Published: January 2025

Arktisen taiteen käsite on käytössä sirkumpolaariseen arktiseen alueeseenliittyvässä taiteen tutkimuksessa ja taidemaailman keskusteluissa. Perinteisestiarktisella taiteella on ollut etnografinen leima ja se on liitetty alueen alkuperäiskulttuureihin.Tänään käsitteellä viitataan nykytaiteeseen, joka lähestyy arktisenalueen ajankohtaisia teemoja sekä heijastaa, jatkaa tai uusintaa alueen kulttuuriperintöä.Käsite on tietoisesti otettu käyttöön taiteen dekolonisaation välineeksiosana taideperustaista toimintatutkimusta, joka on tähdännyt arktisenalueen taide- ja kulttuuritoiminnan kestävyyteen nopeasti muuttuvalla arktisellaalueella. Tämä katsaus tarkastelee arktiseen taiteeseen liittyviä kulttuuri-, aluejakoulutuspoliittisia teemoja viimeaikaisessa tutkimuskirjallisuudessa ja keskusteluissa.Näkökulmia ovat arktisen taiteen dekolonisaatio, pohjoiset tietämisentavat, kulttuurinen kestävyysmurros, tukijärjestelmät ja taidekoulutus. Kunympäristökriisit, luonnonvarahankkeet ja kaupungistuminen muuttavat kokoarktista aluetta, nähdään arktisen taiteen tunnistaminen ja resursointi tärkeänäkestävyysmurroksen vipuvoimana Suomessa ja muualla arktisella alueella.
Anita Kangas: "Kulttuuripolitiikka tutkimusalana on vahvistunut"
Authors: Renko Vappu , Lohtaja Aleksi
Published: January 2025

Kulttuuripolitiikan professori emerita Anita Kankaan haastattelussa syvennytäänkulttuuripolitiikan tutkimusalan kehitykseen Suomessa. Kangas toimiSuomen ensimmäisenä kulttuuripolitiikan professorina Jyväskylän yliopistossa.Hän on vaikuttanut monin tavoin kulttuuripolitiikan kehitykseen tutkimuksen,opetuksen sekä hallinnon kanssa tehdyn yhteistyön kautta. Haastattelussa keskustelemmeKankaan omasta tiestä tutkimuksen pariin sekä kulttuuripolitiikantutkimuksen laajemmista kehityskuluista.
JAX_DPC: Protocol to generate whole-gene knockout (KO) and critical exon (CE) deletion in iPSCs (KOLF2.2) v1
Authors: Pellegrino Enrica , not provided JUSTIN.MCDONOUGH , C. Skarnes William
Published: January 2025

Precise deletions are performed in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) by Cas9 RNP-mediated homology directed repair with oligonucleotide templates that span the desired breakpoints. We aimed to delete 1) a ‘critical exon’ (CE) common to all transcript isoforms that, when deleted, causes a frameshift in coding sequence or 2) up to 100 kb of sequence containing most or all of the protein coding sequence (whole-gene knockout, KO). A bridging oligo containing two degenerate nucleotides at the breakpoint was designed to promote HDR and barcoding of precise deletions. A pair of ‘PAM out’ guide RNAs with low off-target scores calculated by WGE were selected and define the endpoints of the deletion. Using nucleofection, we co-deliver the synthetic oligonucleotide harboring two degenerative bases at the deletion break point along with recombinant Cas9 protein and two single guide RNA (sgRNA) designed to target the specific gene of interest.This protocol ensures efficient editing and generation of loss-of-function alleles in both copies of the gene.The degenerate bases allows us to rule out on-target effects such as loss of one copy of the target gene and to identify independent, non-sibling clones.
Bacterial Staining and Microscopy v2
Authors: Carlos Goller Carlos
Published: January 2025

Overview and Goals Now that you have streaked your unknown bacteria for isolation, you will take steps to identify certain properties of the organisms via a variation of the gram stain. Broadly, bacteria can be categorized into Gram-positive and Gram-negative groups based on the presence or absence of an outer cell membrane and a thick peptidoglycan layer (cell wall). Learning ObjectivesAfter completing this lab, you will gain the following lab skills: Lab safety and proper personal protective equipment (PPE) Use of Gram staining/ Gram staining alternative to identify the gram status of a bacterial isolate Use of a fluorescent microscope for the detection of red/green fluorescence Before starting Review the complete protocol before beginning. Several of the steps in this procedure are time and/or temperature-sensitive, so you must know what to expect and how to manage your time. Work as a team! There are also several types of tubes with specific names that need to be used for specific protocol steps. They are shown in the illustration below to help you keep track of these materials.
Mobile Applications for Noise Measurement in the Workplace - A Systematic Review
Authors:   Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: January 2025

Mobile sound level applications have been proposed as potential substitutes for the conventional sound level meters for noise measurement. However, their performance in measuring noise remain uncertain in the workplace. As such, the current systematic review aimed to identify the various mobile sound level applications that accurately measured noise in the workplace. Literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. A total of 17 studies were included from 1184 retrieved articles. A total of 42 mobile sound level applications were identified (30 iOS and 12 android applications). iOS applications such as the NoiSee (n = 4), SPLnFFT (n = 3), and SLA Lite (n = 3) were the accurate applications to measure noise in general. However, when stratified according to the site of study, the NIOSH SLM (n = 2) was most accurate in measuring noise level in the workplace (i.e., field), while NoiSee (n = 4) was the most accurate application in laboratory setting. iOS applications also outperformed Android applications in accuracy. External microphones measured noise better than internal microphones, and devices within three years old provided the most accurate noise measurements.
Reliability and Validity of a Computerised Cognitive Test of Contamination in Normal People
Authors:   Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Published: January 2025

Two significant feelings, namely disgust, and fear of contamination, are commonly found in healthy people. Little is known about which assessments could simultaneously assess these two constructs. This paper detailed how a computerised measure of disgust and fear of contamination toward disease, dirt/pollution, and hazardous chemicals was developed and validated. Experts validated the creation of this digital material, followed by a study involving 224 healthy participants. A psychometric analysis with a Cronbach alpha of 0.85 indicated strong internal consistency. Three-factor order variables, including human waste, toilet, and pest, were found in exploratory factor analysis and confirmed with confirmatory factor analysis. Moderate loadings on the fear contamination and disgust latent constructs supported the confirmation of convergent validity. The findings show that this newly developed computerised questionnaire is a multidimensional construct with excellent internal consistency and that it is valid to assess fear of contamination and disgust.
A Cross-sectional Study of Needle Stick Injuries and Associated Risk Factors among Healthcare Workers in Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz during Pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 Pandemic Period
Authors:   Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz,Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Published: January 2025

Needle stick injuries are a significant occupational hazard among healthcare workers posing emotional trauma and financial burdens for further medical evaluation. This retrospective study aimed to determine the prevalence of needle stick injuries during pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 pandemic period among healthcare workers in Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz (HCTM) and its associated risk factors. Data were collected from the Infection Control, HCTM from March 2018 till December 2021 with a total of 286 samples obtained using convenient sampling method. The relationship between usage of personal protective equipment (PPE) causing needle stick injuries was obtained by contacting directly to the consented staffs. The prevalence of needle stick injuries in pre-COVID-19 (2018-2019) were 150 staffs compare to 136 cases during COVID-19 period (2020-2021). The risk factor that had been identified in this study for both pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 were age 20 to 30, interns, works in medical departments and needle stick injury during utilisation (p-value<0.01). To conclude, prevalence of needle stick injuries was higher during pre-COVID-19 compared to during COVID-19 period. During utilisation of needles was the primary factor contributing to the occurrence of needle stick injuries.
Limit theorems in the generalized birthday problem
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kiev Polytechnic Institute", Ilienko Andrii , Stamatiieva Viktoriia ,   National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kiev Polytechnic Institute"
Published: January 2025

In the authors' previous papers (Ilienko, 2019) and (Ilienko & Stamatiieva, 2021), a novel approach to the classical coupon collector's and birthday problems was introduced, based on the theory of random point measures and their vague convergence. In this paper, we further develop this approach using the birthday problem as a case study, and apply it to establish new limit theorems for a range of nontrivial characteristics of the model. More specifically, we define a point process on a metric space consisting of a countable number of copies of the real line. The atoms of this process correspond to the arrival times of new objects. Owing to the structure of the constructed process, each atom is naturally associated with an integer that indicates the number of times an object of that class has arrived. We demonstrate that, as the number of classes tends to infinity, these processes converge vaguely to a certain Poisson point process on the same space. The application of the continuous mapping theorem to the proven convergence further yields distributional limit theorems for various characteristics of the model. The essentially infinite-dimensional nature of the involved point processes leads to corresponding infinite-dimensional limit theorems for these characteristics, fully revealing their asymptotic structure.
Frailty of elderly patients with cardiac disease undergoing inpatient cardiological rehabilitation
Authors: Kochetkova Irina V.
Published: January 2025

Background: The prevalence of sarcopenia and its impact on older adults undergoing inpatient cardiac rehabilitation after cardiac surgery are poorly understood.
Aim: To determine the level of sarcopenia and quantify the functional capacity of older patients with and without sarcopenia participating in a cardiac rehabilitation program.
Materials and methods: A sample of 122 patients over 75 years of age undergoing cardiac rehabilitation after cardiac surgery at the Voronezh Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1 was followed up for 3 months. The SARC-F questionnaire, which included questions on strength, assistance with mobility, getting up from a chair, climbing stairs, and falls, was used for the initial identification of patients with sarcopenia. The Katz index, Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), Hand Grip Strength (HGS), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), and 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) were also assessed to determine functional capacity and weakness at the initial stage. The primary outcomes were the prevalence of sarcopenia and its correlation with functional capacity and frailty at baseline, including the SARC-F score at follow-up. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare before and after. Correlations between sarcopenia and 6MWD, SPPB and HGS were examined using the correlation coefficient and one-way analysis of variance.
Results: Complete data were collected from 101 patients (79.9 ± 4.0 years; 63% men). At baseline, the mean SARC-F score was 2.7 ± 2.1, with 35% of participants having sarcopenia. Other baseline parameters were: Kots index 5.7 ± 0.9, CFS 3.2 ± 1.4, HGS 24.9 ± 9.9 kg, SPPB score 7.5 ± 3.3, and 6MWD 288.8 ± 136.5 m. Compared with baseline data, the proportion of patients with sarcopenia at follow-up decreased (23% vs. 35%). In the group of patients with sarcopenia at baseline (n = 35), comparison of before and after data showed a statistically significant improvement in SARC-F (p = 0.017). A significant correlation was also found between sarcopenia, as determined using SARC-F, and low functional assessment scores (p 0.001; r 0.546).
Conclusions: The incidence of sarcopenia in elderly patients in the interposition coronary resuscitation unit after cardiac surgery is quite high (35%) and remains high during follow-up (23%). Screening for sarcopenia is key, as its diagnosis in these patients is strongly associated with deterioration in functional performance. These studies indicate that these patients may benefit significantly from pre-planned rehabilitation aimed at improving postoperative outcomes, increasing functional activity, and reducing adverse effects.
The impact of EcoHIV infection on cocaine-related behaviors
Authors:   , Xie Qiaowei , Barker Jacqueline M
Published: January 2025

Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is highly comorbid with HIV infection and worsens HIV outcomes. Preclinical research on the outcomes of HIV infection may yield crucial information on neurobehavioral changes resulting from chronic drug exposure in people living with HIV (PLWH). HIV infection can produce profound neurobiological and behavioral changes that impact reward neuronal substrates that overlap with cocaine exposure. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a key mediator of cocaine-related behaviors, including cocaine locomotor sensitization, cocaine reward learning, and relapse-related behavior. Both the NAc and its afferent projection from the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) appear to be particularly sensitive to cocaine and EcoHIV infection, contributing to neuroinflammation and neuronal adaptations. These alterations may increase susceptibility to CUD in PLWH. Thus, the broad objective of my thesis work was to characterize the independent and interactive effects of cocaine and HIV infection on neurobiological and behavioral changes. Using the EcoHIV mouse model, a chimeric form of HIV-1 that infects rodents, I investigated the impact of HIV infection on neuronal substrates of addiction and on cocaine-related behaviors. I found that EcoHIV induced a heightened neuroimmune response in the NAc, associated with altered microglia-neuron signaling, that was not reversed by antiretroviral treatment. Additionally, EcoHIV infection enhanced cocaine-primed reinstatement, a model of relapse-related behavior. This phenomenon is linked to neuroplasticity in the infralimbic (IL) subregion of the mPFC and the NAc shell. Thus, we further demonstrated that chemogenetic activation of this circuit reversed the increased cocaine-primed reinstatement caused by EcoHIV. These findings suggest that HIV infection disrupts the mPFC-NAc shell circuit, and enhancing its activity inhibit relapse-related behaviors. As NAc astrocytes are key regulators of neural activity and plasticity, and their function can be impaired by cocaine exposure and HIV infection, they are potential regulators of HIV-induced changes in behavioral response to cocaine. I used a cocaine locomotor sensitization model to examine how HIV infection affects neuroadaptations and behavioral plasticity. EcoHIV infection potentiated cocaine sensitization, which was further associated with increased astrocytic activation in the NAcore. Chemogenetic activation of NAc astrocyte Gq signaling attenuated the EcoHIV-enhanced sensitization, suggesting that promoting NAc astrocytic Gq signaling can reverse EcoHIV-induced behavioral changes. Overall, these results suggest that EcoHIV infection dysregulates neuroimmune signaling and induces neuronal adaptations in reward-related regions, driving changes in cocaine-related behaviors. Given the high rates of comorbid CUD and HIV infection, my thesis provides insights into the development of novel approaches to mitigate addiction-related behaviors and neurocognitive outcomes in PLWH with CUD.
Mikhail Bulgakov’s Childhood and Family Relationships in the Context of Contemporary Psychological Knowledge
Authors: Jedrzejuk-Witek Magdalena
Published: January 2025

The subject of the article is Mikhail Bulgakov’s (1891–1940) childhood and relationships in his family of origin. Although biographers generally perceive the writer’s childhood as a happy one, certain aspects of his life, such as his drug addiction or his consistent avoidance of the subject of his own childhood in his work, may prompt a revisionist view of this period in his life. This new perspective is further fostered by the ever-dynamic development of psychology and pedagogy, through which the role of childhood as a time in which the human psyche and personality are formed is more clearly recognised. In the context of Bulgakov, there is no doubt that especially the death of his father, Afanasiy Bulgakov, must have been a difficult experience for him as a teenage boy. Moreover, as the analysis shows, although the Bulgakov family was not lacking in joy and warmth, it was also not free of emotional problems that could have had an impact on both the writer’s future life and work. The results of this analysis shed new light on a seemingly thoroughly familiar figure of the author, and can thus provide a starting point for new, contemporary interpretations of his works.